bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGENALAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH DAN INTERNALISASI AKAD-AKAD EKONOMI SYARIAH PADA BUMDES DESA KARANGSEGAR
Authors: Nuriah Ainun , Rahmawati Rafika , Ryan Isnandar Fajri , Mardiah Siti
Published: December 2023

Village Owned Enterprises are instruments driving the macro economy at the village level based on local potential and local wisdom. The management of Village-Owned Enterprises can be a solution to advance and improve the village economy. The majority of Karangsegar villagers are Muslim, so the management of business activities should be in accordance with Islamic law. However, there are still many people who do not know about Islamic economics and are not interested in implementing Islamic economics. Therefore, the socialization of the introduction of Islamic banking and the internalization of Islamic economic contracts is very necessary. This study aims to provide an understanding of contracts in Islamic economics and explain related to the implementation of Islamic transactions in society to determine the understanding and interest of the community to use Islamic economics in carrying out their business activities. The implementation method used is the community education method which was attended by 6 BUMDES management. The collection of supporting data is carried out by field studies through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Karangsegar village BUMDES have not implemented transactions with the sharia economy, so researchers provide results in the form of a sharia contract implementation model through contract internalization on Karangsegar village BUMDES products.
PERANCANGAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA SINDANGJAYA
Authors: Hayati Nuragustin Mumpuni , Isfandayani Isfandayani , Widyananto Arief , Tirtajaya Mas Deden
Published: December 2023

The aimed of this programme is to provide knowledge about Islamic economics and how to manage finances properly. It is also expected to be more aware of the obligation to pay debts, the prohibition of staying away from usury and the importance of saving. With this goal, it is hoped that family life can be happy and far from anxiety. In this programme, socialisation, training and sharing sessions will be conducted. The results of the activity show that the curiosity of mothers in Pulo Rengas, Sindangjaya village is quite high because they still want to learn more about sharia family financial planning. The service method uses community education in the form of socialisation of sharia financial planning. The conclusion of this service is that mothers in Pulo Rengas, Sindangjaya village as the target of the service do not yet have knowledge and understanding of Islamic economics and make sharia financial planning for households which includes three things, namely the obligation to pay debts, avoid the prohibition of usury and the importance of saving.
PENYULUHAN PENCEGAHAN PERNIKAHAN DINI UNTUK REMAJA DESA KERTAJAYA
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Suprihatin Suprihatin , Supriyanto Agus
Published: December 2023

Community service program This year will be held offline, because the Covid 19 pandemic outbreak has subsided. The impact of the pandemic in Indonesia is really troubling the community, especially the people who are in the Bekasi Regency area, one of which is in the village of Kertajaya. Kertajaya village is also one of the villages which had a high number of early marriages. There fore it is necessary to socialize about early marriage and its impact so that teenagers understand better what early marriage is, the legal basis that applies and social impacts. The method used by students (KKN) at the Islamic University of 45 Bekasi is to provide face-to-face (offline) exposure. The material presented is the understanding of early marriage, the legal basis for marriage, the social impacts that experience it and the factors that cause early marriage. The potential and ability of the understanding level of the youth of Kertajaya Village was good, as evidenced by the question and answer process that took place during the presentation of the material. The socialisation activities by the participants were considered very useful so they expected that there would be further activities.
Időskori hypothyreosis : Kezeljem vagy ne kezeljem?
Authors: Valkusz Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2023

A pajzsmirigy csökkent működése gyakori az idősekben. A hypothyreosis gyakori okai között szerepel a pajzsmirigy autoimmun megbetegedése, a korábbi pajzs­mi­rigy­mű­tét és a radiojód-terápia. A tünetek atípusosak lehetnek, és a szérumpajzsmirigy-stimuláló hormon (TSH) szintjének mérését a laboratóriumi vizsgálatok részeként feltétlenül el kell végezni. Az emelkedett szérum-TSH-szint megállapítását ismételt vizsgálattal kell megerősíteni, és ki kell egészíteni a tiroxin szérumszintjének mérésével is.
Creating an Interactive Site Using the Document Object Model
Authors: Kadyrkulova N. , Kyrgyzbaev U.
Published: December 2023

We look at creating an interactive website using the document object model. The research process shows the capabilities of the object model for the component implementation of an interactive site using the JavaScript user interface. As a result of the work, a simple interface for a web page was designed and developed that forms a list of components for a computer sales store.
Possibilities of Using Nonconventional Sources of Water for Irrigation When Scary Water Resources (Using the Example of the Main Mil-Garabakh Collector)
Authors: Nadirov N. , Sadigov F. , Mamedova Sh. , Salmanov B.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of an expedition to identify the quality of water in the Main Mil-Garabakh Collector with the aim of using it as an alternative source for irrigation. The collected samples were analyzed and systematized in office conditions. The total mass of water in water samples was analyzed, their mineralization, the amount of dry residue and ion content were studied. Based on the results obtained, the quality of water was assessed using existing methods and recommendations were given for its use in irrigation.
Efficiency of Using Herbicides in the Weed Control in Vineyards
Authors: Gadzhieva E.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the impact of the use of herbicides alternately with agrotechnical measures on the economic indicators of the grape harvest in integrated weed control, designed to keep their spread below the level of economic damage. The effects of herbicides used to control weeds were analyzed by variant. The species composition of weeds in the vineyards was determined, the correct selection of herbicides and chemical control were carried out alternately with agrotechnical measures, strictly observing the rules for the use of herbicides. Timely chemical control led to a reduction in harmful weeds until the end of the season. As a result of reduced environmental risk, the economic performance of grape production also increased significantly with increasing yields. Compared to the control, the yield in all variants was 12.38-18.27%, the profitability was higher in the range of 8.21-28.6%. Thus, it has been established that the use of herbicides in grape crops infected with annual and perennial weeds is cost-effective and allows for additional income.
Udder Research From the Point of View of High-quality Milk Production
Authors: Juvarlinskaya E. , Mammadov G.
Published: December 2023

Cow mastitis is a disease in which infection and inflammation of the mammary gland of cows occurs. The disease occurs when an infection enters through the nipple into the udder of an animal. Infection usually occurs when hygiene rules are not followed during milking or in the interval between milking. More than 140 types of bacteria cause mastitis. Since cows are constantly in contact with the external environment, it is impossible to completely prevent the ingress of microbes that cause mastitis, it is necessary to pay attention to methods of combating mastitis and its prevention. Mastitis or breast disease is the main cause of milk production in cows. An increase in the number of cows with mastitis or subclinical mastitis negatively affects the quality of commercial milk and milk produced in general. In most cases, treatment with therapy takes a month. Prevention includes: compliance with the sequence of operations before and during milking; use of personal protective equipment by personnel (gloves, overalls); disinfection of the milking machine; use of a highly effective disinfectant to clean the udder before milking; protection of postpartum breastfeeding; preventive measures to reduce the main irritants; healthy and elastic skin; Use of vitamin E, selenium and mineral additives; carrying out hygienic measures (washing, disinfection) in the room; eliminating stress; providing adaptive nutrition in accordance with the stage of milking; thorough cleaning and disinfection of dairy products.
Analysis of the Application of Marked Proppant When Carrying Out Multistage Fracturing of the Object YUV1
Authors: Nanishvili O. , Strukov E. , Nevolskikh E.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the results of using the inflow monitoring technology in GeoSplit horizontal production wells, the essence of which is the use of quantum marker-reporters, which are sources of accurate information about the inflow of water and oil. One of the ways to place markers in a well is to mix them with a proppant base during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing. This technology makes it possible to obtain information about the inflow for each multi-stage hydraulic fracturing interval over a long period of time.
Sustainability as a Key Feature Organized Group
Authors: Kotenko I.
Published: December 2023

This article considers the least specified of the legal signs of an organized group as a form of complicity, namely the sustainability of an organized group. In the course of the work, the provisions of criminal legislation and explanations given in the Resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation were analyzed, and judicial practice was also studied from the point of view of substantiation and argumentation of the presence of this feature in acts recognized by the courts as committed by an organized group. A variety of scientific and journalistic literature was also studied in the context of the chosen topic. The author, within the framework of the conducted research, conducted a sample of 60 sentences of the courts of first instance for crimes qualified as committed by an organized group. Based on these sentences, the author tried to analyze how the courts determine the existence of sustainability and what they are guided by in qualifying.
The relevance of communication theory for theories of representation
Authors: Mann Stephen Francis
Published: December 2023

Prominent views about representation share a premise: that mathematical communication theory is blind to representational content. Here I challenge that premise by rejecting two common misconceptions: that Claude Shannon said that the meanings of signals are irrelevant for communication theory (he didn't and they aren't), and that since correlational measures can't distinguish representations from natural signs, communication theory can't distinguish them either (the premise is true but the conclusion is false; no valid argument can link them).
DESAFIOS DAS PRÁTICAS DIGITAIS NO ENSINO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Nascimento Aline Moreira da Fonseca , Andrade Elisângela Ladeira de Moura , Dias Anair Valênia Martins
Published: December 2023

Este artigo objetiva apresentar os resultados de uma investigação sobre os desafios das práticas digitais no ensino remoto durante a pandemia da covid-19, analisando a reconfiguração do profissional da educação. Foram analisadas reportagens do G1, portal de notícias mantido pelo Grupo Globo, dos meses abril e junho de 2020, referentes ao estado de Goiás e ao Distrito Federal, buscando discutir os relatos de professores sobre as experiências e os desafios com o ensino a distância e os recursos midiáticos no período da pandemia. Nesse período, os docentes tiveram que aderir aos recursos digitais como estratégias no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Para ampliar as discussões do presente artigo, foram consultados os estudos de Andrade e Dias (2023), Franco (2016), Kalantzis, Cope e Pinheiro (2020), Moran (2020), Ribeiro (2018), Valênia (2020) e outras/os.
ORALIDADE E GÊNEROS ORAIS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM DIFERENTES LICENCIATURAS
Authors: Forte-Ferreira Elaine Cristina , Magalhães Tânia
Published: December 2023

Apresentamos análise de práticas docentes com gêneros orais, de oito licenciaturas. Visamos mapear os gêneros e compreender os sentidos produzidos pelos docentes das licenciaturas sobre as atividades que envolvem gêneros orais nas disciplinas que lecionam. Realizamos coleta de dados por questionários com docentes dos cursos de duas universidades. Os resultados apontam que a produção de gêneros orais é escassa; a discussão acerca da oralidade é desconhecida ou nova para alguns docentes; e o trabalho é majoritariamente realizado intuitivamente, mesmo em cursos de Letras e Pedagogia, que formam docentes para tomar os gêneros orais como instrumento de interação e objeto de ensino e reflexão na escola básica.
CULTURA MAKER E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM LEITURA E PRODUÇÃO DE TEXTO NO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Folharim Theisen Marieli Paula , Teixeira Porto Ana Paula
Published: December 2023

Este estudo interliga a cultura maker ao Novo Ensino Médio (Lei 13.415/2017) e à Base Nacional Comum Curricular, de forma a sugerir a criação de um itinerário formativo que envolva esse movimento no desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências relacionadas à leitura e à produção de texto. Assim, objetiva analisar a possibilidade da criação de um itinerário formativo que trate da cultura maker e elencar possíveis abordagens para sua efetivação na escola a fim de inserir esse movimento tão significativo hodiernamente também no contexto escolar. Constata-se, a partir das reflexões realizadas, que atividades de leitura e produção de textos sob o viés maker podem ser profícuas para o desenvolvimento dos estudantes à medida em que unem escrita, design gráfico e criatividade.
Formação docente e o trabalho com a leitura em perspectiva dialógica
Authors: Antunes Glauce Correa , Ohuschi Márcia Cristina
Published: December 2023

À luz da Linguística Aplicada, a partir dos pressupostos teóricos do Círculo de Bakhtin e de pesquisadores que seguem esta vertente, esta pesquisa busca contribuir para a formação docente continuada, com o intuito de orientar o professor de Língua Portuguesa ao trabalho com a prática de leitura, em perspectiva dialógica. Apresenta uma análise de atividades de leitura elaboradas por uma docente dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental, na fase diagnóstica da pesquisa, a partir da qual se propõe um percurso de formação continuada. A análise das atividades apontou a necessidade de um estudo sistematizado para embasamento teórico-metodológico sobre a leitura em perspectiva dialógica e elaboração orientada de atividades de leitura nesse mesmo viés.
Art(sci)cular em quadrinhos: Modos de estar e olhar o mundo contados por AJ Rabisco
Authors: Jorge Letícia , Orlando de Quadro Peduzzi Luiz
Published: December 2023

Ao se debruçar sobre o potencial das histórias em quadrinhos (HQ) na educação científica aflora, neste estudo, a opção de resgatar dois textos para integrar a temática arteciência e materializá-la como parte do enredo de uma HQ, utilizando os estudos dos quadrinistas Will E. Eisner e de Scott McCloud como aporte teórico. Isto com o intuito de (re)humanizar conhecimentos e modos outros de serem abordados no ensino de física. Para tanto, em um primeiro instante, há um contextualizar e um explicitar do enredo da HQ. Posteriormente, são discorridas questões sobre o conteúdo-temático em termos de matéria e os elementos estruturais – da arte sequencial – contidos na composição deste mundo quadrinístico. Em um finalizar, implicações teóricas são proporcionadas para o uso desta história em quadrinhos no âmbito educativo.
Exploring the progress of artificial intelligence in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive review of present innovations and anticipated challenges ahead
Authors: Tahir Farwa , Farhan Muhammad
Published: December 2023

A significant worldwide health issue, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) calls for creative solutions. This in-depth review examines the growing severity of T2DM and the requirement for individualized management approaches. It explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the treatment of diabetes, highlighting its potential for diagnosis, customized treatment plans, and patient self-management. The paper highlights the roles played by AI applications such as expert systems, machine learning algorithms, and deep learning approaches in the identification of retinopathy, the interpretation of clinical guidelines, and prediction models. Examined are difficulties with individualized diabetes treatment, including complex technological issues and patient involvement. The review highlights the revolutionary potential of AI in the management of diabetes and calls for a balanced strategy in which AI supports clinical knowledge. It is crucial to pay attention to ethical issues, data privacy, and joint research initiatives.
Rational design and performance prediction of organic photosensitizer based on TATA+ dye for hydrogen production by photocatalytic decomposition of water
Authors: Yu Yuening , Yang Zhenqing , Xia Yuhong , Lv Yuzhuo , Zhang Wansong , Lin Chundan , Shao Changjin
Published: December 2023

In comparison to metal complexes, organic photosensitive dyes employed in photocatalytic hydrogen production exhibit promising developmental prospects. Utilizing the organic dye molecule TA+0 as the foundational structure, a series of innovative organic dyes, denoted as TA1-1 to TA2-6, were systematically designed. Employing first-principles calculations, we methodically explored the modifying effects of diverse electron-donating groups on the R1 and R2 positions to assess their application potential. Our findings reveal that, relative to the experimentally synthesized TATA+03, the TA2-6 molecule boasts a spatial structure conducive to intramolecular electron transfer, showcasing the most negative reduction potential (Ered = −2.11 eV) and the maximum reaction driving force (△G02 = −1.26 eV). This configuration enhances its compatibility with the reduction catalyst, thereby facilitating efficient hydrogen evolution. The TA2-6 dye demonstrates outstanding photophysical properties and a robust solar energy capture capacity. Its maximum molar extinction coefficient (ε) stands at 2.616 × 104 M−1·cm−1, representing a remarkable 292.8% improvement over TATA+03. In conclusion, this research underscores the promising potential of the TA2-6 dye as an innovative organic photosensitizer, positioning it as an efficacious component in homogeneous photocatalytic systems.
Targeting mitochondrial metabolites and nucleic acids as an anti-inflammatory strategy
Authors: Min Yukun , O’Neill Luke A. J.
Published: December 2023

Mitochondrial metabolites and their derivatives have been the focus of recent efforts to develop new anti-inflammatory therapeutics. The widely used therapeutic agents dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and metformin have anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to target metabolism. The mitochondrial metabolites succinate, itaconate, and fumarate have multiple immunomodulatory effects and present interesting therapeutic possibilities for immune and inflammatory diseases. Mitochondrial DNA and double-stranded RNA have also been shown to be highly inflammatory, acting via specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as cGAS and TLR9 for mitochondrial DNA, RIG-I, MDA5 for mitochondrial double stranded RNA, and TLR7 for mitochondrial single stranded RNA. These recent discoveries are changing our view of mitochondria suggesting that they are at the heart of multiple inflammatory diseases and provide opportunities for the development of new anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
Elevated methane alters dissolved organic matter composition in the Arctic Ocean cold seeps
Authors: Sert Muhammed Fatih , Schweitzer Hannah D. , de Groot Tim R. , Kekäläinen Timo , Jänis Janne , Bernstein Hans C. , Ferré Bénédicte , Gründger Friederike , Kalenitchenko Dimitri , Niemann Helge
Published: December 2023

Cold seeps release methane (CH4) from the seafloor to the water column, which fuels microbially mediated aerobic methane oxidation (MOx). Methane-oxidising bacteria (MOB) utilise excess methane, and the MOB biomass serves as a carbon source in the food web. Yet, it remains unclear if and how MOx modifies the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in cold seeps. We investigated MOx rates, DOM compositions and the microbial community during ex-situ incubations of seawater collected from a cold seep site at Norskebanken (north of the Svalbard archipelago) in the Arctic Ocean. Samples were incubated with and without methane amendments. Samples amended with methane (∼1 µM final concentration) showed elevated rates of MOx in both seep and non-seep incubations. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) analyses showed that the number of DOM formulas (i.e., molecular diversity) increased by up to 39% in these incubations. In contrast, the number of formulas decreased by 20% in samples not amended with methane, both from non-seep and seep locations. DOM composition was thus altered towards a more diverse and heterogeneous composition along with elevated methanotrophic activity in methane-amended conditions. In addition to microbial DOM production, abating microbial diversity indicates that elevated DOM diversity was potentially related to grazing pressure on bacteria. The diversity of DOM constituents, therefore, likely increased with the variety of decaying cells contributing to DOM production. Furthermore, based on a principal coordinate analysis, we show that the final DOM composition of non-seep samples amended with methane became more resemblant to that of seep samples. This suggests that methane intrusions will affect water column DOM dynamics similarly, irrespective of the water column’s methane history.
Aesthetic surprises and considerations when researching marine science education with art
Authors: Hannigan Shelley M. , Freitas Cátia , Francis Prue
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Why was the study undertaken? What was the research question, the tested hypothesis or the purpose of the research? The research question is: What are the implications of disciplinary aesthetics when marine science meets art in educational research? Children in schools from Victoria, Australia were engaged in a series of marine science fieldtrips, workshops and lessons based on the Great Southern Reef, a temperate marine environment of Australia. They created drawings based on provocations, to depict their knowledge of marine species, before and after these education experiences.

Methods

When, where, and how was the study done? What materials were used or who was included in the study groups (patients, etc.)? This paper shares the mixed methodology used by focusing on the qualitative methods used, that arose out of a need to understand the role of aesthetics in this research project. This paper documents the analysis of data that included children’s drawings and dialogue between researchers and children from interviews. We discuss insights into the role of aesthetics that were revealed in the visual and narrative data from perspectives of children’s learning and how the researchers were able to understand this. These findings are discussed considering the teaching intentions and procedures used, the importance of this multimodal approach to research that revealed aesthetics of science, visual art and language in education.

Results

What answer was found to the research question; what did the study find? Was the tested hypothesis true? The research reveals the important role drawing has when trying to understand the students’ varying degrees of understanding marine science education. Variables include: their prior experience with marine environments, students’ drawing abilities, stylistic elements (that can render an image ‘confident’ or ‘sketchy’), compositional devices and use of perspective that their drawings depict (looking at a pier from underwater or through snorkel goggles). It also includes interpretations and explanations of their drawings and other uses of language such as the use of written labels to reinforce or clarify parts of their drawings.

Discussion

What might the answer imply and why does it matter? How does it fit in with what other researchers have found? What are the perspectives for future research? This research reveals the important role of multi-modal approaches in science learning and the significant and dependent role of visual art and words, for students to communicate their learnt content knowledge. It highlights the aesthetic experiences that must be taken into consideration when teaching, learning and when understanding what has been learnt.
Evaluating differences in community-engaged learning and service-learning via the context, input, process, and product model
Authors: Nguyen Jonathan J. , Condry Danielle L. Jessen
Published: December 2023

Service-learning (SL) and community-engaged learning (CEL) are high-impact practices whose ideological foundations are built upon ideas pioneered by philosophers such as John Dewey and William James. Given that one methodology (CEL) directly branched from the other (SL), these practices are expected to have fundamental underpinnings that differentially influence how projects within these practices are carried out. Stufflebeam and Shinkfield’s Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model for evaluation was applied to assess these two high-impact practices. This narrative review has two goals: (1) discuss the usage of the CIPP model to evaluate established SL and CEL projects, and (2) assess any differences in evaluation garnered from CIPP model usage that may have stemmed from nuances in SL and CEL ideology. Literature covering either practice had shown, in some cases, to be inconsistent with how the implementation and guiding principles of such projects matched the terminology used by project organizers. This discrepancy has implications for how these projects are carried out and evaluated in the future.
Rethinking education for democracy: a study of co-determination in a Norwegian school
Authors: Magerøy Solveig Maria
Published: December 2023

Through a two-day intervention in a class of 12-year-olds, this study facilitated lessons where the pupils could themselves decide methods of learning, and themes to focus on, searching for spaces and methods to activate the pupils participatory competencies. National student pupils’ surveys in Norway have repeatedly shown that pupils do not feel as though they can participate in their learning at schools. The pupils in this study reported that they enjoyed this intervention and were ambitious regarding what they wished to achieve. While this may seem irrelevant or superficial at first glance, reflecting on the engagement the pupils expressed, enjoyment of learning may have been the most significant driving force for the pupil’s participation. Indeed, the majority worked in groups with peers and demonstrated ownership of their thematic area and projects. However, a few pupils became insecure and passive when given the opportunity to decide for themselves. The pupils’ ownership, level of ambition, and expert role in their projects indicate that their participatory abilities were activated, thus suggesting the importance of introducing co-determination as a didactical tool in school.
Can environmental protection tax drive manufacturing carbon unlocking? Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Wen Limin , Sun Shufang
Published: December 2023

Introduction

China’s environmental protection tax policy has emerged as a pivotal force in steering the country towards reduced pollution and carbon emissions. This study focuses on evaluating the impact of the environmental protection tax on carbon unlocking within the manufacturing industry, offering crucial insights to address the dual challenges of industry development and carbon emission reduction.

Methods

Utilizing Chinese provincial panel data spanning from 2004 to 2020, we gauge the carbon unlocking efficiency of the manufacturing industry using the super-efficiency slacks-based measure (SBM) model with undesired outputs. Additionally, we empirically examine the impact of the environmental protection tax policy on manufacturing carbon unlocking through the propensity score matching difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) model.

Results

Our findings indicate a significant enhancement in the carbon unlocking efficiency of the manufacturing industry due to the implementation of the environmental protection tax policy. Compared with the provinces (municipalities) that did not raise the environmental protection tax rate standard, the carbon unlocking efficiency of manufacturing in the provinces (municipalities) that raised the environmental protection tax rate standard increased by 11.6%, and the dynamic effect shows that the policy effect increases gradually over time. Further mechanism tests reveal that an environmental protection tax improves manufacturing carbon unlocking efficiency mainly by stimulating manufacturing firms to increase environmental protection investment and green technology innovation. Moreover, there is heterogeneity in the policy effect of the environmental protection tax, and its impact on manufacturing carbon unlocking is more significant in the central and western regions and regions with higher levels of legalization.

Discussion

Therefore, we should adhere to the policy orientation of low-carbon development in manufacturing, accelerate green technological innovation in manufacturing, and coordinate the special advantages of each region according to local conditions to bring into play the role of an environmental protection tax in reducing carbon and improving efficiency.
Aggregation of monitoring datasets for functional diversity estimation
Authors: Carrasco De La Cruz Pedro Manuel , Antonucci Di Carvalho Josie , Massing Jana C. , Gross Thilo
Published: December 2023

Long-term monitoring data is central for the analysis of biodiversity change and its drivers. Time series allow a more accurate evaluation of diversity indices, trait identification and community turnover. However, evaluating data collected across different monitoring programs remains complicated because of data discrepancies and inconsistencies. Here we propose a method for aggregating datasets using diffusion maps. The method is illustrated by aggregating long-term phytoplankton abundance data from the Wadden Sea and Southern North Sea gathered by two institutions located in Germany and The Netherlands. The aggregated data allowed us to infer species traits, to reconstruct the main trait axis which drives community functionality, ultimately quantifying functional diversity of the individual samples, having used only the co-occurrence of species in samples. Although functional diversity varies greatly among sampling stations, we detect a slight positive trend in German stations, which contrasts with the clear decreasing trend observed in most of the Dutch Wadden Sea stations. At the Terschelling transect, in Southern North Sea, the stations also showed contrasting estimations of functional diversity between off-shore and in-shore stations. Our research provides further evidence that traits and functional diversity can be robustly reconstructed from monitoring data alone, showing that data aggregation can increase the accuracy of this reconstruction, being able to aggregate heterogeneous datasets.
Tight relationships between leaf and topsoil stoichiometries after 42 years of forest conversion from old-growth forests to Chinese fir plantations
Authors: Zhang Cancan , Li Yuxin , Li Xin , Chen Fusheng , Jin Zhifang , Li Yaoqi , Ma Yaohua , Zeng Shiqi , Yang Shiyun , Bu Wensheng
Published: December 2023

Soil C:N:P stoichiometry can regulate plant survival and reflect soil fertility and nutrient utilization. Despite the widespread conversion of old-growth forests to plantations or secondary forests, there is little knowledge about how these conversions affect the relation between leaf and soil stoichiometries. We examined the topography, leaf, and soil stoichiometries of 75 plots (20 m × 20 m) across Chinese fir plantations, secondary forests, and old-growth forests in subtropical China. We found that: (1) There were significant differences in leaf carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and their stoichiometry ratios among different stand types (2) stand type significantly affected soil SOC, TP, C:N, C:P, and N:P, except TN and (3) the explanation percentage of leaf stoichiometry on soil stoichiometry doubled with the conversion of old-growth forest to Chinese fir plantation, whereas it was twofold decreased with the conversion of old-growth forest to secondary forest. The explanation percentage of topography on soil stoichiometry decreased onefold at a minimum with the conversion of the old-growth forest to the Chinese fir plantation or the secondary forest. Our results show the shortages of soil nutrients from transforming old-growth forests into plantations or secondary forests and indicate the urgent need to preserve the remaining old-growth forests and increase stand ages by reducing forest disturbances. Therefore, determining the optimal stand type and slope location can effectively promote the accumulation of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus nutrients in the topsoil, which is essential for improving the planning and implementation of appropriate forest restoration and ecosystem management strategies.
Thrombocyte-derived Dickkopf1 promotes macrophage polarization in the Bleomycin-induced lung injury model
Authors: Sung Eun-Ah , Park Min Hee , Song SuJeong , Alanya Hasan , Henegariu Octavian , Liu Jinze , Erson-Omay E Zeynep , Sime Patricia J. , Chae Wook-Jin
Published: December 2023

Immune responses are crucial to maintaining tissue homeostasis upon tissue injury. Upon various types of challenges, macrophages play a central role in regulating inflammation and tissue repair processes. While an immunomodulatory role of Wnt antagonist Dickkopf1 (DKK1) has been implicated, the role of Wnt antagonist DKK1 in regulating macrophage polarization in inflammation and the tissue repair process remains elusive. Here we found that DKK1 induces gene expression profiles to promote inflammation and tissue repair in macrophages. Importantly, DKK1 induced various genes, including inflammation and tissue repair, via JNK (c-jun N-terminal kinase) in macrophages. Furthermore, DKK1 potentiated IL-13-mediated macrophage polarization and activation. The co-inhibition of JNK and STAT6 markedly decreased gene expressions relevant to inflammation and fibrosis by DKK1 and IL-13. Interestingly, thrombocyte-specific deletion of DKK1 in mice reduced collagen deposition and decreased Arg1, CD206, HIF1α, and IL1β protein expressions in monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages in the acute sterile bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury model. These data suggested that thrombocytes communicate with macrophages via DKK1 to orchestrate inflammation and repair in this model. Taken together, our study demonstrates DKK1’s role as an important regulatory ligand for macrophage polarization in the injury-induced inflammation and repair process in the lung.
Leveraging a gene signature associated with disulfidptosis identified by machine learning to forecast clinical outcomes, immunological heterogeneities, and potential therapeutic targets within lower-grade glioma
Authors: Zhou Yao , Cao Yudong , Liu Weidong , Wang Lei , Kuang Yirui , Zhou Yi , Chen Quan , Cheng Zeyu , Huang Haoxuan , Zhang Wenlong , Jiang Xingjun , Wang Binbin , Ren Caiping
Published: December 2023

Background

Disulfidptosis, a newly defined type of programmed cell death, has emerged as a significant regulatory process in the development and advancement of malignant tumors, such as lower-grade glioma (LGG). Nevertheless, the precise biological mechanisms behind disulfidptosis in LGG are yet to be revealed, considering the limited research conducted in this field.

Methods

We obtained LGG data from the TCGA and CGGA databases and performed comprehensive weighted co-expression network analysis, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, and transcriptome differential expression analyses. We discovered nine genes associated with disulfidptosis by employing machine learning methods like Cox regression, LASSO regression, and SVM-RFE. These were later used to build a predictive model for patients with LGG. To confirm the expression level, functional role, and impact on disulfidptosis of ABI3, the pivotal gene of the model, validation experiments were carried out in vitro.

Results

The developed prognostic model successfully categorized LGG patients into two distinct risk groups: high and low. There was a noticeable difference in the time the groups survived, which was statistically significant. The model’s predictive accuracy was substantiated through two independent external validation cohorts. Additional evaluations of the immune microenvironment and the potential for immunotherapy indicated that this risk classification could function as a practical roadmap for LGG treatment using immune-based therapies. Cellular experiments demonstrated that suppressing the crucial ABI3 gene in the predictive model significantly reduced the migratory and invasive abilities of both SHG44 and U251 cell lines while also triggering cytoskeletal retraction and increased cell pseudopodia.

Conclusion

The research suggests that the prognostic pattern relying on genes linked to disulfidptosis can provide valuable insights into the clinical outcomes, tumor characteristics, and immune alterations in patients with LGG. This could pave the way for early interventions and suggests that ABI3 might be a potential therapeutic target for disulfidptosis.
Appropriate intradeltoid muscle needle penetration depth in vaccine administration: an MRI study in Thailand
Authors: Laohawiriyakamol Teeranan , Boonsri Pattira , Phutphithak Khetnathee , Niyomkarn Thamonchanok , Klabklay Prapakorn , Chuaychoosakoon Chaiwat
Published: December 2023

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the appropriate vaccination needle penetration depth into the deltoid muscle to avoid injection-site complications from an inappropriate injection depth and/or injection site in the Thai population.

Methods

This was a retrospective study using axial proton density-weighted images of MRI shoulders at the level of 2 fingerbreadths below the acromion process to measure the combined thickness of the skin, subcutaneous fat pad and deltoid muscle to evaluate the percentage of injections into the deltoid muscle with various needle penetration depths.

Results

There were 509 MRI shoulder images of 222 males and 287 females (265 right shoulders and 244 left shoulders). The average body mass index and age were 24.54 ± 3.54 kg/m2 and 64.81 ± 10.20 years, respectively. Using a needle penetration depth of 12.7 mm (0.5 inches) achieved 100% of injections into the deltoid muscle.

Conclusion

We recommend advancing the entire length of a 0.5-inch needle perpendicular to the skin at 2 fingerbreadths below the acromion process for adult intradeltoid vaccinations. This approach ensures optimal vaccine delivery and minimizes the risk of injection-related injuries.
Case report: hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with sintilimab and lenvatinib for conversion therapy of colorectal cancer liver metastases
Authors: Peng Kai , Li Yuhua , Su Hao , Lan Chenlu , Huang Zaida , Wei Yongguang , Liao Xiwen , Peng Minhao , Peng Tao , Zhu Guangzhi
Published: December 2023

Background

Liver metastasis is one of the most common causes of death in patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, improving the treatment effect of liver metastatic carcinoma of colorectal cancer is also one of the effective ways to improve the survival time of patients with colorectal cancer. The main treatment method for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy through intravenous administration. However, no one has reported a conversion therapy approach for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases patients through arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with targeted agents and PD-1 monoclonal antibody. This case reports a conversion therapy method of liver metastases of colorectal cancer by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), sintilimab injection combined with lenvatinib to achieve radical resection of liver metastatic carcinoma after treatment.

Case presentation

The patient was a 69-year-old man who had previously undergone laparoscopic left hemicolectomy for descending colorectal cancer and multiple interventional and surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. During this treatment, the patient underwent radiological and serological tests, and primary liver cancer was considered at the initial diagnosis stage. Therefore, this liver malignant tumor lesion was treated according to the primary liver cancer treatment protocol before surgical resection. Therefore, the patient received HAIC combined with sintilimab injection and lenvatinib. After three treatment cycles, radiological examination showed no obvious tumor activity, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) decreased to normal, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA II) decreased significantly, and the curative effect was evaluated as complete remission. Subsequently, we performed surgical resection of this liver lesion. The pathological response of left lobe tumor was partial remission (PR). Most of the tumors were necrotic and the necrosis rate was greater than 95%. A small amount of live tumor tissue remains (<5%). The pathological classification of this tumor was confirmed as moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemical staining of multiple tumor indicators in the pathology department. No significant adverse drug events were observed in this patient during treatment.

Conclusion

Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with sintilimab injection and lenvatinib conversion therapy provides the opportunity for radical surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases.
Mechanical and fatigue properties of graphene oxide concrete subjected to sulfate corrosion
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhang Guoliang , Liu Lang , Li Yongguang , Kong Hu , Zhang Cheng
Published: December 2023

Concrete structures usually have to experience some unfavorable environmental actions during their service life, leading to the mechanical properties degradation, moreover, cyclic loadings such as traffic loads, wind loads may further accelerate structural damage, therefore, improving durability of concrete is of vital for structures servicing in severe environment. Graphene oxide (GO), as a new nano-reinforced material, has ultra-high mechanical properties and large specific surface area as a concrete reinforcing material. This study entailed an examination of the properties of Graphene Oxide Concrete (GOC) with varying levels of GO incorporation (0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.08 wt%). It also encompassed an analysis of the fatigue properties of GOC under different stress levels and varying sulfate wetting and drying cycles. Additionally, the investigation delved into the degradation mechanisms affecting Graphene Oxide Concrete (GOC) when subjected to sulfate erosion conditions. Furthermore, the study assessed the mass loss of specimens and their fatigue life under diverse environmental conditions. The results showed that appropriate GO incorporations could enhance concrete’s mechanical and fatigue properties after sulfate attack. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that GO could adjust the aggregation state of cement hydration products and its own reaction with some cement hydration crystals to form strong covalent bonds, to improve and enhance microstructural denseness.
Selective bronchial occlusion for the prevention of pneumothorax after transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in a pulmonary alveolar proteinosis patient: a case report
Authors: Wu Hua-Man , Wen You-Li , He Xiao-Yu , Deng Zhi-Ping
Published: December 2023

The diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is based on biopsies. Compared with other methods of taking biopsies, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has a higher diagnostic rate and the likelihood of pneumothorax. Selective bronchial occlusion (SBO) is an effective technique for treating intractable pneumothorax. However, there are no data available about SBO for the prevention of pneumothorax after TBLC in a PAP patient. A 49-year-old man complained of recurrent cough and tachypnea, and his symptoms did not fully resolve until the diagnosis was confirmed, and he was treated with whole lung lavage. Our patient was ultimately diagnosed with PAP by TBLC but not multiple tests for the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The patient was discharged quickly after whole lung lavage due to the fact that he did not develop pneumothorax under SBO. This case illustrates that TBLC is a supplementary examination for PAP, especially for those in whom BALF results fail to confirm a diagnosis. Moreover, our report highlights that SBO is necessary to effectively prevent pneumothorax during and after multiple TBLCs in PAP patients.
Subjective behavioral measures in myopic and pre-myopic children before and after the COVID lockdown
Authors: Alvarez-Peregrina Cristina , Ruiz-Pomeda Alicia , Martinez-Perez Clara , Prieto-Garrido Francisco Luis , Villa-Collar Cesar , Gonzalez-Perez Mariano , Gonzalez-Abad Ana , Sanchez-Tena Miguel Angel
Published: December 2023

Background

There are environmental factors that may contribute to the onset of myopia. This study aims to evaluate the children’s lifestyle changes before and after the COVID-19 lockdown and how they can influence their vision.

Methods

The same questionnaire was administered to children aged between 5 and 7 in Spain every year in September before (2017–2019) and after the COVID-19 lockdown (2020–2021). All the children also passed a vision exam consisting of the measurement of visual acuity (VA) and determination of objective and subjective refraction. Children were classified as myopes, pre-myopes, or hyperopes. The cut-off points to define the refractive error were established according to the value of the spherical equivalent (SE): hyperopia (SE > +0,75D), myopia (SE ≤ −0,5D), or pre-myopia (−0.5D < SE ≥ +0.75D). Data analysis is performed with the SPSS 27.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois).

Results

In the pre-COVID period, the pre-myopes were the ones who spent the longest time outdoors, and after the COVID lockdown, there were no differences between groups. There neither were any differences in the time spent doing near-work activities between the groups in both periods (p > 0.05). Regarding the spherical equivalent, in the pre-COVID period, the mean value was 0.75 ± 2.09D and after the COVID lockdown, it was 0.47 ± 1.88D (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Pre-myopes spent more time outdoors than myopes in the pre-COVID period, while myopes spent more time using digital devices. All these differences do not exist after the COVID lockdown, with a general increase in the time spent outdoors and a decrease in the use of digital devices. Further studies are needed to know if these lifestyle changes remain and how they influence the onset of myopia.