bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Germination and Flowering of Dendrobium capra J.J. Smith, An Endemic Orchid of Java
Authors: Lawrie Muhammad Dylan , Layina Zulfa , Ningtias Della Rosiana , Alifianto Falah Nur , Indrianto Ari , Purwantoro Aziz , Semiarti Endang
Published: August 2021

Dendrobium capra is an Indonesian endemic orchid species that live in Java. It grows on low altitude with warm climate. D. capra has beautiful small yellow greenish flower that grow in raceme inflorescence. This orchid faces a threat in its natural habitat due to having a long life cycle and a forestry main commodity as a main host thus categorized as Appendix II on CITES list. To address that problem, ex situ conservation approach using in vitro culture method is necessary. Germination enhancement effort using complex organic substances found that 200 ml/l tomato extract gave best germination result. Analysis on D. capra plantlet growth also showed that MS medium produced better plantlet size than NP, VW and KC medium. Supplementing medium with a combination of NAA and TDZ has also successfully induced early flowering within 11 month of culture period. This information is important to achieve successful in vitro culture of D. capra for various purposes.
Response of onion (Allium cepa L.) to plant population and weed control methods in a chicken weed (Portulaca quadrifida L.) infested field In Sudan Savanna, Nigeria
Authors: Garba Y.
Published: August 2021

Chicken weed is a significant weed in India and it occurs under onion cultivated field at Birnin Kebbi in the Sudan Savannah, Nigeria. On-farm experiment was conducted at Birnin Kebbi during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 dry season to evaluate the effect of plant population and weed control methods on the management of chicken weed (Portulaca quadrifida) alongside other weeds in onion field. The experiment consisted of three plant populations (500,000, 333,333 and 250,000 plants per hectare) and twelve weed control methods (Pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1, + 1Hw; pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1Hw; butachlor at 2.8 kg a.i. ha-1 + oxyfluorfen at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1; butachlor at 3.6 kg a.i. ha-1; fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1; oxyfluorfen at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1Hw; hoe weeding at 3 (WAT); hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAT; weed free and weedy check). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete Block design replicated three times. Results showed that weed, growth and yield parameters were not significantly affected by plant population. Pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 and weed free plots consistently recorded the lowest weed cover and highest weed control efficiency. Butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw recorded the lowest crop injury score. Increase in plant height was observed when pendimethalin at 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw and fluazifop-p-butyl at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 respectively was applied, while application of pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 and butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw recorded highest number of leaves and leaf area. Cured bulb and marketable bulb yield were greater with the use of pendimethalin and butachlor at 1.0 and 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 + 1 Hw and the pooled data respectively. Application of pendimethalin and butachlor at the rate of 1.0 and 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by 1 Hw at 6 WAT respectively was therefore recommended for the control of chicken weed alongside other weed species in the ecology
Role of Extension Forest Officers in Forest Conservation in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Agube Ejeje Igwe , Igbokwe Edwin M. , Ojo Oluwasegun Felix
Published: August 2021

This study assessed role of extension forest officers in forest conservation in Cross River State, Nigeria. All the forest officers under the employment of the Cross River State Forestry Commission (CRSFC) formed the population of the study. Systematic sampling technique was employed to select 78 respondents for the study out of a population of 314 forest officers. Data were collected through validated structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using percentage and mean scores. The major effective extension role of forest officers in forest conservation were creating awareness through environmental enlightenment campaign in forest communities ( x̄= 2.61) and dissemination of information in relation to public participation in forest conservation (x̄ = 2.61). The Major training needs of forest officers in forest conservation were sustainable forest management practices (x̄ = 3.39), forestry extension practices ( x̄= 3.32) and developing group participation. The most serious constraints to effective forestry extension service delivery were inadequate funding ( x̄= 2.97), and lack of vehicles for field staff logistics (x̄ = 2.80). ). Forestry extension service delivery in forest conservation was less effective, owing to a great  number of constraints militating against the service delivery. For extension role of forest officers in forest conservation to be more  effective in the state, there is need for extension unit to be created by the Cross River State Forestry Commission and specifically saddled with the responsibility of carrying out forestry extension functions along with the readiness of the state government to adequately  coordinate and fund forestry extension services.
Demographic, psychosocial and health disparities between living and deceased renal allograft recipients in Switzerland
Authors: Achermann Rita , Koller Michael , De Geest Sabina , Hadaya Karine , Müller Thomas F. , Huynh-Do Uyen , Pascual Manuel , Steiger Jürg , Kiss Alexander , Binet Isabelle
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND
Living donor renal transplantation is widely performed in Switzerland with a superior long-term outcome and lower waiting time compared with deceased renal transplantation. However the chances of receiving a living donor kidney transplant are not the same for all transplant candidates. The current study aimed to identify psychosocial and demographic characteristics that predict lower access to living kidney donation in Switzerland.

METHODS
The study was a nationwide multicentre study nested within the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study. Pre-transplant demographic, psychosocial and health characteristics of 1126 deceased and 859 living renal transplant recipients were compared using logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS
Transplant candidates with higher age (odds ratio [OR] per 10 years 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60–0.74), lower education (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.36–0.59), a work capacity of less than 50% (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35–0.66), single or formerly married (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.26–0.53 / OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.26–0.53) or with a higher hospital depression score (OR per 5 points 0.61, 95% CI 0.50–0.74) were less likely to receive an allograft from a living donor. In some regions of Switzerland candidates were more likely to undergo living transplantation than in other regions. No association was found with gender or income.

CONCLUSIONS
Interventions to increase access to kidney transplantation from living donors should target transplant candidates of older age, lower education, lower working capacity and not living in a committed relationship. The observed regional differences suggest that additional determinants of living donation may play a role such as population and health professional attitudes toward living donation.
Условия признания и приведения в исполнение арбитражными судами на территории Российской Федерации решений иностранных судов и иностранных арбитражных решений
Authors: Владислав П.С.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена важной проблеме признания и приведения в исполнение российскими арбитражными судами решений иностранных судов и арбитражей. Рассматриваются три актуальных в настоящее время вопроса. Первый касается необходимости согласования норм АПК РФ с положениями Конституции РФ. В свете этого подчеркивается роль Гаагской конвенции о признании и приведении в исполнение иностранных судебных решений по гражданским и торговым делам в части закрепления единых критериев процессуального законодательства на территории каждого государства — участника Конвенции. Второй вопрос связан с применением судами критерия взаимности при рассмотрении решений иностранных судов, а третий — с оценкой судом иностранного решения на предмет добросовестности затронутых им сторон. Акцентируется необходимость дальнейшего решения проблем, связанных с признанием и приведением в исполнение решений иностранных судов в РФ.
Der Gestaltungsplan i.e.S.
Authors: Pletscher Michael
Published: August 2021

Die Raumplanung verkörpert eine komplexe, vielschichtige Aufgabe. Das Gemeinwesen kann oftmals nicht sämtlichen Einzelheiten Rechnung tragen, wenn es die Nutzungs- und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten grundlegend und grossräumig ordnet. Gleichzeitig unterliegen die von der Raumplanung tangierten Interessen einem stetigen Wandel. Es liegt in der Natur der Sache, dass die Grundordnung der optimalen Nutzung und Gestaltung mitunter entgegensteht. In einer solchen Konstellation bietet sich nicht selten eine Gestaltungsplanung i.e.S. an. Im Anwendungsbereich dieses Plans besteht typischerweise die Möglichkeit, von der Regel-Raumordnung abweichende Bestimmungen festzulegen. Es ist nicht nur, aber vor allem dieses Potential, welches erlaubt, die städtebaulich einwandfreie Anordnung, Gestaltung und Nutzung von Bauten, Anlagen und natürlichen Freiräumen in suboptimal geregelten Baugebietsabschnitten zu gewährleisten. Mit dem Abweichungspotential gehen spannende Fragen einher. Zunächst interessiert, welche Regeln zum Kreis der potentiellen Objekte gestaltungsplanerischer Abweichungen gehören. Ferner ist entscheidend, welche Voraussetzungen und Grenzen beachtlich sind, wenn mit dem Gestaltungsplan von potentiellen Abweichungsobjekten abweichende Vorgaben gemacht werden. Zu guter Letzt ist fraglich, inwieweit vom planenden Gemeinwesen unabhängige Instanzen überprüfen, ob der Gestaltungsplan ausschliesslich von anerkannten Abweichungsobjekten abweicht und dabei sämtliche im übergeordneten Recht verankerten Abweichungsvoraussetzungen und grenzen erfüllt bzw. einhält. Diesen praxisrelevanten Aspekten nimmt sich die vorliegende Untersuchung an.
The Theology of Struggle
Authors: Asedillo Lisa
Published: August 2021

This article explores writing and scholarship on the theology of struggle developed by Protestants and Catholics in the Philippines during the 1970s-90s. Its focus is on popular writing—including pamphlets, liturgical resources, newsletters, magazines, newspaper articles, conference briefings, songs, popular education and workshop modules, and recorded talks—as well as scholarly arguments that articulate the biblical, theological, and ethical components of the theology of struggle as understood by Christians who were immersed in Philippine people’s movements for sovereignty and democracy. These materials were produced by Christians who were directly involved in the everyday struggles of the poor. At the same time, the theology of struggle also projects a “sacramental” vision and collective commitment towards a new social order where the suffering of the masses is met with eschatological, proleptic justice—the new heaven and the new earth, where old things have passed away and the new creation has come. It is within the struggle against those who deal unjustly that spirituality becomes a “sacrament”—a point and a place in time where God is encountered and where God’s redeeming love and grace for the world is experienced.
The Pentecostal Hypothesis: Christ Talks, They Decide
Authors: Rice Monte Lee
Published: August 2021

This is a book review of The Pentecostal Hypothesis: Christ Talks, They Decide.
Strategi Memasarkan Kesenian Betawi Gambang Kromong Berbasis Augmented Reality
Authors: Fitri Shifa Rafida , Rahayu Dwi Mandasari
Published: August 2021

Kebudayaan Betawi semakin terkikis di era yang serba maju saat ini. Salah satu kesenian Betawi yaitu Gambang Kromong merupakan kesenian musik budaya Betawi dengan akulturasi seni dan budaya Tiongkok. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memasarkan kesenian Gambang Kromong kepada masyarakat dengan menggunakan aplikasi Augmented Reality agar dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kesenian Gambang Kromong serta melestarikan kesenian dan kebudayaan Betawi. Proses memasarkannya dilakukan dengan membuat booklet yang terdiri dari informasi dan suara alat musik Gambang Kromong serta menggunakan virtual button. Pengumpulan data berasal dari studi literatur serta menggunakan kuesioner secara online. Proses produksi dengan membuat buku dan aplikasi Augmented Reality yang dirancang menggunakan software Unity 3D. Pemograman dan plug in Vuforia untuk membuat database pada Augmented Reality menggunakan software pendukungnya seperti SDK dan JDK. Beberapa software lainnya seperti Adobe Illustrator dan Adobe Photoshop untuk desain aset dua dimensi serta Blender 2.8 untuk membuat aset tiga dimensi. Aplikasi ini telah diuji coba pada empat perangkat dengan rincian percobaan mulai dari loading screen, membuka info, menu tutorial, menu settings, mendeteksi hingga kembali ke menu utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan menggunakan aplikasi berbasis Augmented Reality maka dapat mempermudah penyampaian informasi, menambah wawasan terhadap kesenian Gambang Kromong dan meningkatkan rasa cinta terhadap kesenian Betawi.
STUDY OF DEFECT ON 180 ML HDPE BOTTLES YOGURT PRODUCTS WITH SMC B11 EXTRUSION BLOW MACHINE AT PT X
Authors: Kana Tommy Prasetya , Rahmayanti Handika Dany , Didik HM
Published: August 2021

The type of plastic packaging that is popular in the community is bottle packaging. The plastic material that is generally used to make plastic bottles is High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The plastic bottle industry in Indonesia usually uses a blow molding process in its production process, where the blow molding process consists of injection blow molding, extrusion blow molding and stretch blow molding. The SMC B11 machine is one of the extrusion blow molding machines used to produce plastic bottle packaging. In producing workpieces, this machine still produces several products that are not in accordance with company standards, including in terms of production cycle times and product defects. Defects or defects that are often encountered include the appearance of spots, bent parison which causes the bottle to bend (the bottle body is thin one side) and blow pin which causes the thread to not fit.Keywords— Bottle, Plastic, Defect, Extrussion Blow Molding
ANALYSIS OF PACKAGING PRINT QUALITY WITH CTF AND CTCP PLATE MAKING SYSTEMS USING DUPLEX PAPER MATERIALS
Authors: Lumbantoruan Roni Fransiscus , Ardiani Septia , Basuki Untung
Published: August 2021

Comparative analysis of packaging print quality was carried out on the printed output with reference to using Computer to Film (CtF) and Computer to Conventional Plate (CtCP). The comparison of the print results from the two systems is analyzed from cost, durability, and dot gain. In this analysis, 400 gram duplex paper was used and two types of print references were used, namely CtF and CtCP. The pre-printing equipment used is the manufacture of conventional printing plates and plates. What is achieved when observing is comparing two print references with the help of a quality control (QC) tool. Before comparing the two print references, direct printing is done with the two print references, using an offset machine. The differences that exist in CtF and CtCP are caused by different irradiation processes. CtF goes through two irradiation processes while CtCP is in the irradiation process using only lasers. The irradiation process using a laser is uneven and makes the plate not get a raster (neat) result. This process is very influential with the result of the trigger. CtF goes through an iterative process but the results appear better than CtCP.Keywords— Print packaging, Duplex, CtF, CtCp
Adaptation to New Normal Conditions
Authors: Riyan Rizaldi Dedi , Doyan Aris , Makhrus Muh. , Fatimah Ziadatul , Nurhayati Eris
Published: August 2021

Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province, has started a transitional period, including in the world of education. The transition to the new normal requires adjusting the learning process to prepare students to learn normally. This study aims to describe students' physics learning outcomes using a blended learning model. This research is a type of experimental research. The research design was pre-experimental with the type of intact group comparison, where this type of research divided one class into two treatment groups. The population in this study were 11th-grade students of private madrasah majoring in science in Mataram city. The research sample was 50 students who were divided into two groups. The two groups were given a different treatment, where group 1 was taught with a blended learning model, while group 2 was taught using an online learning model. The physics learning outcome data were obtained through the initial and final tests, which were then analyzed descriptively using the N-gain test to determine the achievement of the learning process. Based on the research that has been done, it is found that the group taught with the blended learning model has a mean value of 70.14 with an N-gain of 0.36 (included in the medium category), which indicates that the use of blended models can be used to adjust students during a period of transition to a new normal.  The use of the blended learning model in the learning process is to accustom students to return to normal learning, namely face to face in madrasah. It was done to increase student motivation to learn during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Aplikasi Pencarian Tempat Indekos dengan Metode Rekomendasi Social Trust Path
Authors: William Arthur , Christian Rendy , Riyandi Riyandi , Mujahid Putra Edi
Published: August 2021

Boarding house is a service that offers a room or a place to live in with a certain amount of payment for a certain period (generally payments per month). Currently, most boarding houses available in Medan still use a manual system to manually record transactions between homestay residents and boarding owners. The application of this manual system often faces various problems, such as the absence of a notification system regarding payment due dates to residents, the difficulty of making complaints to owners and residents cannot find out whether their complaints have been known and responded to by the owner or not, boarding owners must check their records to find out residents which ones have not paid off, so it often takes a long time to obtain the information. To further support the performance of this marketplace, a recommendation feature will be added to the marketplace application. The method that can be used is the Social Trust Path method. The Social Trust Path method is a method of calculating the value of the confidence level of something depending on the level of trust of the user who gives the statement. The tools used to perform analysis and design are use case diagrams. This website is built using PHP coding and MySQL database. The result of this research is a web-based boarding house recommendation application that can be used to provide boarding place information for users.
Analisis Tingkat Kematangan Pelayanan Pada PT Telkom Sampit dengan Menggunakan Domain COBIT 5 DSS02 dan DSS03
Authors: Yusuf Yusril , Gunawan Edo Tio , Sarita Rakhma
Published: August 2021

PT Telkom Sampit is one part of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (Telkom) which contributes in meeting the communication and information needs of the community. PT Telkom Sampit provides several product services, namely Wifi.id, IndiHome and UseeTV. Thus, Telkom Sampit must provide good services in managing services. As for some of the obstacles that often occur including problems, slow and damaged. From these problems, it is necessary to measure the level of service improvement at PT Telkom Sampit using the COBIT 5 framework focusing on the domains DSS02 (Managing Service Requests) and DSS03 (Managing Problems). Based on research that has been done PT Telkom Sampit is at level 4, namely Predictable Process, which is included in a good level for a company, although it is not in accordance with estimates that should be at level 5, namely Optimizing Process (Optimization Process). With this research, it is hoped that it can be used as an evaluation in improving the quality of service performance at PT. Telkom Sampit in serving customers.
A Modeling Study on the Estimation of COVID-19 Daily and Weekly Cases and Reproduction Number Using the Adaptive Kalman Filter: The Example of Ziraat Bank, Turkey
Authors: Met İlker , Özbek Levent , Aksoy Himmet , Erkoç Ayfer
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Since the beginning of 2020, the world has been struggling with a viral epidemic (COVID-19), which poses a serious threat to the collective health of the human race. Mathematical modeling of epidemics is critical for developing such policies, especially during these uncertain times. In this study, the reproduction number and model parameters were predicted using AR(1) (autoregressive time-series model of order 1) and the adaptive Kalman filter (AKF). The data sample used in the study consists of the weekly and daily number of cases amongst the Ziraat Bank personnel between March 11, 2020, and April 19, 2021. This sample was modeled in the state space, and the AKF was used to estimate the number of cases per day. It is quite simple to model the daily and weekly case number time series with the time-varying parameter AR(1) stochastic process and to estimate the time-varying parameter with online AKF. Overall, we found that the weekly case number prediction was more accurate than the daily case number (R2 = 0.97), especially in regions with a low number of cases. We suggest that the simplest method for reproduction number estimation can be obtained by modeling the daily cases using an AR(1) model.

JEL classification numbers: C02, C22, C32.
Keywords: COVID-19, Modeling, Reproduction number estimation, AR(1), Kalman filter.
Matter Waves in the Talbot-Lau Interferometry
Authors:   St. Petersburg B. P. Konstantinov Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad district, 188300, Russia, Sbitnev Valeriy I
Published: August 2021

Particle paths, emitted from distributed sources and passing out through slits of two gratings, G0 and G1, up to detectors, have been computed in detail by the path integral method. The particles under consideration are fullerene molecules with a De Broglie wavelength equal to 5 pm. The slits are Gaussian functions that simulate fuzzy edges of the slits. Waves of the matter computed by this method show perfect interference patterns both between the gratings and behind the second grating. Coherent and non-coherent distributed particle sources reproducing the interference patterns are discussed in detail. Paraxial approximation results from removing the distributed sources onto innity. This approximation gives a wave function reproducing an exact copy of the Talbot carpet. PACS numbers: 03.75.-b, 03.75.Dg, 42.25.Hz
Small music programs for mental health and well-being: an evaluation framework
Authors: Yang NaYoung , Jenkins Rosemary , Dubois Elizabeth , Quezada-Yamamoto Harumi , Ward Helen , Junghans Cornelia
Published: August 2021

While there is growing interest in the intersection of music and health, current scientific literature in this field often lacks the rigor and strength of studies grounded in quantitative research. Also, a lack of framework to organize data decentralizes the information. The broad definition and subjective nature of music makes it difficult to design evaluations that would yield strong evidence to support the holistic benefits on well-being. This paper proposes a three-category framework to organize raw data to trace the interactions and interlinked nature of the effects of participating in group music activities. The proposed method was used to evaluate two choirs in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (RBKC), UK: the Sing to Live, Live to Sing in 2016, a singing program based in community centers across RBKC, and the GLUE Sings program, an adolescent music-making and singing program piloted by the Tabernacle W11 in 2018 to increase community engagement and participation after the 2017 Grenfell Fire. Both programs were found to better the holistic well-being of their respective participants. While the framework is useful in these evaluations, future research would benefit even more through utilizing mixed methodologies and increasing collaboration amongst funders, researchers, and program managers.
Special issue on music therapy in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Back to normal?
Authors: Ettenberger Mark , Loewy Joanne V.
Published: August 2021

2020 will most certainly be a memorable year. The COVID-19 pandemic has seemingly altered our lives and our perspectives on participating in activities of daily living will likely shift in the years to come. While the pain, struggle and horror of the pandemic has affected so many, our thoughts lie particularly with those who passed away, their families and friends, and carers – both professional and personal – around the globe...
The impact of singing on the language abilities of people with moderate to severe-stage Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dassa Ayelet , Amir Dorit
Published: August 2021

While singing in music therapy with people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is vastly documented, scarce research deals with the impact of singing on their language abilities. This study addressed the issue of language decline in AD and explored the impact of group singing on the language abilities of people with moderate to severe-stage AD. Participants were randomized to experimental (n=16) or wait-list control (n=14) groups. The experimental group received eight music therapy group sessions, which focused on singing, while both groups received the standard treatment. The data analysis included pre-post picture description tests and examination of speech parameters throughout the group sessions. A significant difference was demonstrated between the groups in the proportion of non-coherent speech in relation to total speech used by participants. The experimental group did not exhibit a deterioration in coherent speech, while the control group exhibited an increase in non-coherent speech in proportion to the total speech used by participants. The findings also indicated that participants in the experimental group showed an improvement in speech parameters as well as in their ability to sing. Singing in music therapy with people with AD can play a significant role in preserving speech and encouraging conversation abilities. Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, music therapy, group singing, language abilities, speech
Music-based interventions for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: A review of the research
Authors: Hanser Suzanne B.
Published: August 2021

This paper is an umbrella review of systematic research reviews investigating music-based interventions for people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. While the quality of research methodology for many articles is variable, the findings are nevertheless impressive regarding a variety of positive results for music and music therapy. The strongest outcomes include the ability of these interventions to reduce agitation, anxiety, depression, and other behavioral/psychological symptoms in this population. Yet the impact on cognition and memory is mixed, and it is difficult to determine whether observed improvements might be due to reductions in anxiety. The article addresses several specific music-based interventions, service delivery options and caregiver programming that have been effective. Finally, neurological evidence is presented to account for preserved musical ability of people into late stages of Alzheimer’s disease. These findings support the success of music-based interventions, as well as need for clinical and research guidelines to standardize protocols and compare research studies.
MATERNAL AWARENESS, PERCEIVED DISPOSITION AND HABIT DETERMINANTS TO NEONATAL MORTALITY AMONG MOTHERS DELIVERING AT A COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL, KENYA
Authors: Kulei Stella
Published: August 2021

Purpose:  The study sought to establish the maternal awareness, perceived disposition and habit determinants to neonatal mortality among mothers delivering at a County Referral Hospital, Kenya.

Design:  A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was carried out in Nakuru county referral Hospital, Kenya, in the postnatal wards in the maternity unit. Mothers who delivered and gave consent in the maternity unit in Nakuru county Referral Hospital were recruited. Mothers who did not deliver and were referred to Nakuru county referral hospital and declined to give consent were excluded from the study. The sample size was determined using Fisher et al 1999 formula. The targeted sample size was therefore 278 mothers. The study respondents were identified using systematic random sampling. Quantitative data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire by the research assistants. Data was entered into the computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Univariate analysis was presented using descriptive statistics like graphs, bar charts, pie charts and tables. Bivariate analysis was presented using inferential statistics like chi square and probability estimations to test for significance.

Results: Neonatal mortality was significantly associated with the maternal determinants. Maternal awareness (p=<0.001), disposition (p=0.001), habits (p=0.009)) all had significant relationships. From qualitative data, there was a linkage between neonatal deaths and cultural factors such as traditional practices and home delivery. Inadequate health care providers’ services, like lack of counseling to mothers on prevention of neonatal deaths before and after delivery, were strongly stated by the participants as being associated with neonatal deaths.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The Health care providers should ensure that mothers are empowered with knowledge on prevention of neonatal mortality which should include counseling on risk factors during pregnancy and the health education should be spread from pregnancy to discharge and during follow-up visits.
Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Blood Culture Isolates from Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Zerin Tamanna , Islam Ariful , Gulnahar Sabera , Farjana Noor E , Begum Mosammat Asia , Sadia Halima-E
Published: August 2021

Purpose: As bloodstream infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, the surveillance study is required to continuously monitor the pattern of infection and antibiotic resistance. Our study aimed to detect the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from patients in Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted over 2 years from January 2019 to December 2020 with a total of 1,367 suspected hemocultures of inward and outward patients in Rajshahi medical college hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The standard microbiological methods were used in this study.
Results: Out of overall 35% positive growth, 34% and 37% showed blood culture infection in the year 2019 and 2020, respectively. Females (55%) were found higher than males (45%). The patients were the highest in the age group 0-10 years (46%) but the number of infections rapidly decreased in the age 11-20 years (21%) followed by a gradual reduction of infection with the increasing age. All the infections were occurred due to single culture and E. coli was accounted as the most frequent infection (39.09%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albican, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella spp., Streptococcus viridans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Higher sensitivity towards Cefepime, and Meropenem was demonstrated by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bloodborne bacteria. A terrifying scenario was that a great number of those isolates showed resistance towards 4, 6, and more than 6 antibiotics, respectively.
Conclusion: Our local work on bacteriological profile and antibiogram might help to rationalize empiric treatment strategies.
Polymyxins: “Last Resort” for MDR and/or XDR Gram-Negative Infections
Authors: Ahmed Manal Mohamed Elsayed
Published: August 2021

Polymyxins were used for the management of gram-negative infections in clinical practice science1940s. Parenteral administration waned in the seventies owing to polymyxins nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Because of the lack of treatment choices for MDR and/or XDRgram negative superbugs as well as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, there is a growing need for effective prescribing of old antibiotics that are still effective. However, understanding of polymyxins pharmacokinetics (PK) was restricted and clinical experience is limited which leads to a lack of widespread availability of up-to-date dosing guidelines that could potentially result in the incorrect use of these “last resort” antibiotics. Recently, polymyxin B resistant strains are also a reason of concern. In this review, we discuss the importance of preserving the effectiveness of polymyxins for nosocomial gram-negative infections and strategies to improve polymyxins’ prescription. We recommend that polymyxins should only be used to manage significant MDR and/or XDRgram-negative infections, in optimum doses and if possible, in combination therapy
Effects of Vitamin D and Simvastatin on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Makhlouf Abdel-Moniem A. , Mahmoud Atef M. , Ibrahim Rania G. , Abdel Aziz Yasmeen S.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D and Simvastatin (SIM) on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced-obese rats.
Methods: 40 adult male rats were divided into four groups: control group, HFD, HFD + vitamin D, and HFD + SIM for 14 weeks. Vitamin D or SIM supplementation was done for the last 6 weeks. Vitamin D dosage was 500 IU/kg, while SIM dosage was 10 mg/kg. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration and markers of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione(GSH) concentrations in serum were determined using ELISA kits and spectrophotometry methods, respectively.
Results: Treatment with vitamin D or SIM could significantly reduce IL-6 and MDA and increases SOD, GPx activities, and GSH levels. Oxidative stress can result not only from increased ROS production but also from dysfunctional antioxidant defenses.
Conclusion: From the experimental results, it was observed that SIM and vitamin D could attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation markers associated with obesity.
Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Formation of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Species from Wounds Specimens
Authors: Enemali Mercy Ugbede , Yilkahan Danung Istifanus
Published: August 2021

Purpose:  The aim of the study is to investigate biofilm forming capacity and the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical wound specimen.
Method: A total number of 60 wound specimens were submitted to the bacteriology laboratory of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital for investigation, and screened for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains were identified on the basis of cultural characteristics, Gram staining, biochemical tests such as citrate, urease, indole, fermentation of sugar using triple sugar agar. The biofilm forming capacity of the strains are tested using the test tube method after standardizing the strains to approximately standard inoculated into a cooked meat broth. The growth rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains after 48 hours incubation are measured by taking the absorbance using Densi-Check. The strain growth rate is also checked. Biofilm formation at the liquid interface (pellicle) is qualitatively scored from the first to the last strain. The clinical significance of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm forming capacity and resistance to antibiotics which could result to none healing, delayed healing, foul smell of wound infection are checked for the experiment.
Results: The analysis of the study shows that the strains are more susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Streptomycin while the strains are less susceptible to Orfloxacin and Gentamycin.
Conclusion: the data derived from human clinical studies make clear that biofilm have an important adverse effect on wound healing. Despite this, more fundamental scientific studies are required to understand what biofilm do to normal wound healing processes from cellular and immunological perspective.
Status of Professional Skills in MBA Graduates, Its Challenges, and Way Forward in Kathmandu Valley: Evidence from Professional Skill Index
Authors: Bhandari Udbodh , Rana Malati , Devkota Niranjan , Parajuli Seeprata , Poudel Udaya
Published: August 2021

Today's MBA courses are continuous preparation-based teaching-learning practice to meet the requirements that industries expect from MBA graduates and further enhance their skills and knowledge that would aid them to fit in the job market. Thus, this study tries to assess the status of professional skills in MBA graduates, its challenges, and the way forward with the help of a professional skill index. Based on descriptive analysis, this study is conducted among 280 employers who employ MBA graduates, and a structured questionnaire was applied to collect information. The purposive sampling method was used to select the samples of 280. The study is conducted in Kathmandu valley as many MBA colleges and banks, finance companies, insurance companies, industries, and many private companies are located in Kathmandu valley. So, the graduates also choose Kathmandu valley in the maximum number to pursue their further career. The study's findings revealed that professional skills are generally looked up into hard skills and soft skills, and 100% of organizations look for professional skills possessed by candidates while hiring them. However, they give 100% attention to soft skills possessed by MBA graduates and 99.2% attention to hard skills possessed. In soft skills, an organization thinks communication skills are  must by graduates, whereas they prioritize typing skills  hard skill. Therefore, this study concludes that MBA students and colleges should focus on enhancing graduates' communication skills. Likewise, being in today's computerized business world typing skill is a must for graduates. Finally, MBA graduates must develop professional attributes among themselves to fit in today's job market
PROGRAM PENINGKATAN SELF-AWARENESS PADA ANAK ASUH DI LEMBAGA KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL ANAK RHS
Authors: Bertha Bertha , Handayani Penny
Published: August 2021

Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA) RHS merupakan LKSA khusus perempuan dengan karakteristik anak asuh yang beragam (usia, pendidikan, dan status keberadaan orang tua). Dengan latar belakang yang beragam tersebut, timbul yang terkait dengan hubungan sesama anak asuh yang kurang baik, mereka kurang mengenal diri sendiri dan satu sama lain. Pengasuh di LKSA RHS mengungkapkan bahwa mayoritas anak asuh kurang memiliki kesadaran akan tugas-tugasnya sebagai anak asuh dan sebagai pelajar sehingga pengasuh harus menegur dan mendisiplinkan berulang kali. Penyebab munculnya permasalahan anak asuh yang kurang memahami kapasitas diri, diantaranya karena mereka tidak memiliki pemahaman mengenai kekuatan, kelemahan, dan peranan dirinya. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena anak asuh kurang memiliki perasaan sadar diri (self-awareness). Metode yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan adalah melalui wawancara, kuesioner, dan focus group discussion. Dengan hasil mengidentifikasi kebutuhan, maka dibuatlah sebuah program pelatihan dengan tujuan umum : anak asuh memiliki self-awareness, dan tujuan khusus : (1) meningkatkan self-awareness melalui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi self-awareness, (2) anak asuh dapat melaksanakan tugas-tugasnya, dan (3) anak asuh memiliki pemahaman mengenai program BK di LKSA RHS. Pelatihan di lakukan 21 November 2020, pk. 10.00-12.00 untuk jenjang SD-SMP dan pk. 14.00-16.00 untuk jenjang SMA-Universitas, kepada 46 anak asuh. Pada aspek kognitif, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman pada peserta. Pada aspek afektif, seluruh peserta menyadari pentingnya self-awareness dalam kehidupan. Pada aspek perilaku, seluruh anak asuh mampu untuk mengikuti role-play dalam pelatihan yang diberikan dan sudah mampu mengaplikasikan secara langsung self-awareness di LKSA RHS. Monitoring dan evaluasi program akan digunakan untuk mengetahui dampak dari pelaksanaan pelatihan yang telah diberikan.
PENINGKATAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT (PHBS) DAN KESETIAKAWANAN SOSIAL MELALUI ARISAN JAMBAN SEHAT
Authors: Darubekti Nurhayati , Handayani Hanum Sri
Published: August 2021

The application of Clean and Healthy Lifestyle should become a daily habit. Although it seems simple, in reality there are still many people who do not pay attention to the importance of Clean and Healthy Behavior for the health of themselves, their families, and the surrounding environment. Clean and Healthy Lifestyle is a movement that aims to improve the quality of life and public health. Among the Clean and Healthy Lifestyles is the habit of defecating in healthy latrines. Data from the Seluma District Health Office shows that there are still many residents in Seluma District who defecate openly. Various efforts have been made to accelerate the reduction of open defecation; but the results are not optimal. The healthy latrine social gathering system is expected to be a “leverage tool” in realizing healthy latrine ownership and mobilizing the values of community social solidarity. The target of the activity is families in Kungkai Baru Village, Air Periukan Subdistrict, Seluma Regency, Bengkulu Province who do not yet have permanent healthy latrines, are committed to “latrine social gathering groups”, and get recommendations for “good behavior” from community leaders. The results of the activity show that: 1. There has been an increase in the quality of environmental health and family health, especially for underprivileged groups, 2. This activity supports the achievement of the Strategic Plan of the Ministry of Health for 2020-2024 concerning Clean and Healthy Lifestyles, 3. This activity is a response to the problems of poor families who have not been able to build latrines so that they have healthy latrines which have an impact on improving the health quality of the village environment which is getting better, healthier, clean and comfortable as well as increasing social solidarity. 4. This latrine social gathering program is a complement to the “zero open defecation” program and the renovation program for uninhabitable houses, and 5. This activity initiated the realization of Kungkai Baru Village as a village free of open defecation.
Study and Comparison of Different Algorithms using GitHub
Authors: Charnanand Bhumika , Chaturvedi Dr. Ashish
Published: August 2021

Now a days it is necessary to protect the information from unauthorized user. The solution is cryptograph. Security must be desired against desirable attacks through encryption algorithm. But in real scenario, cost of performance and implementation also matters. I compared security, Block Size, Key Size, Number of Rounds and Cipher Type. Through the basis of their performance and ease of implementation, the main part will be primary focused on comparing the encryption algorithms.
A Research Study With Special Reference to Selected Oil Companies in India On Per Share Ratio Analysis for Company’s Financial Performance
Authors: Kulinbhai Trivedi Krishna
Published: August 2021

The Ratio Analysis method is a method used to calculate the financial performance of companies. In Ratio Analysis method, the Per share ratios are a very important aspect to be focused for understanding the financial position of the company and also for measuring company’s profitability. The per share ratio analysis are important as they indicate how much money a company is making. The present research study is on per share ratio analysis for the selected oil companies in India for the company’s financial performance.
Cash Flow Indicators Ratio Analysis for Company’s Financial Performance - A Research Study With Special Reference to Selected Oil Companies in India
Authors: Kulinbhai Trivedi Krishna
Published: August 2021

The Ratio Analysis method is a method used to calculate the financial performance of companies. In Ratio Analysis method, the Cash flow Indicators ratios are a very important aspect to be focused for understanding the cash position of the company and also for measuring company’s ability for the continuance existence of the business. The Cash flow Indicators ratio analysis are important as they indicate about financials and liquidity of the company. The present research study is on Cash flow Indicators ratio analysis for the selected oil companies in India for the company’s financial performance.
“A gente faz um zongo aqui”: migrações contemporâneas ganesas e apropriações urbanas (2014-2020)
Authors: Cechinel Michelle Maria Stakonski
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo analisa os recentes fluxos migratórios de ganeses que se deslocaram de zongos, assentamentos étnico-religiosos na região de Gana, para a cidade de Criciúma, na região Sul do Brasil, entre 2014 e 2020. Intenta-se compreender, com base na ideia de uma “cultura da itinerância”, as dinâmicas migratórias forjadas no contexto histórico de deslocamento desses sujeitos e a forma como os migrantes ganeses reconstituem suas identidades étnicas em trânsito. A hipótese defendida é a de que o modo como esses migrantes se inserem na cidade – formando, de um lado, espaços tensionados próprios para ganeses provenientes de zongos, logo fiéis ao islã e falantes da língua hauçá, e, de outro, para ganeses não zongorianos, especialmente da etnia axânti – representa uma extensão das tensões de organização social e histórica do local de origem: Gana. Assim, o artigo procura apontar como, em deslocamento, ganeses zongorianos de diversas etnias e ganeses axântis reforçam e ressignificam suas identidades, reproduzindo em trânsito dinâmicas sociais de separação espacial e cultural na sociedade de acolhimento – no caso estudado, Criciúma.
Músicos e orquestras do primeiro cinema em greve: de Chicago ao Rio de Janeiro (1903-1914)
Authors: Mesalira Michel Felipe Moraes
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo propõe uma história social do primeiro cinema de modo a analisar um fenômeno que chacoalhou os primeiros anos do cinema mundial: as greves de músicos e orquestras de cinematógrafos nas cidades de Chicago, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. A particularidade comum das greves foi provocar o alvoroço por parte de patrões, polícia, jornalistas e autoridades públicas, deixando rastros, sobretudo, em jornais e revistas especializadas de cinema e cultura. Jornalistas investigativos, críticos de arte e a imprensa de modo geral repercutiram os conflitos, as estratégias e os acordos entre os sujeitos implicados nas greves, além de deixar as impressões dos coetâneos que assistiam ao fenômeno como observadores. Buscamos perscrutar os contextos dos cinematógrafos para conhecer o mundo dos músicos nas cidades; a função mediadora das associações de proteção e regulação do trabalho musical; e as razões para as greves nas três cidades investigadas. Foi possível depurar uma dinâmica global na qual a organização coletiva de músicos e orquestras foi uma estratégia utilizada amplamente no intervalo de uma década contra patrões e companhias de cinema que aceleravam a precarização das condições de trabalho, expressa sobretudo nos baixos salários recebidos.