bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric Vehicle Modeling & Simulation Using MATLAB SIMULINK
Authors:   Department of Applied Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (VFSTR), Guntur, AP, India., Anand Babu Inaganti , Ganesh Belle ,   Department of Applied Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (VFSTR), Guntur, AP, India., M Selvamuthukumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (VFSTR), Guntur, AP, India.
Published: June 2022

In this design, we use MATLAB SIMULINK tool blocks to create an electric car model. Vehicles using IC engines perform well and last longer. However, as a result of low energy efficiency and pollution-causing emigrations, interest in electric vehicles is growing. Electric vehicles have a limited range and cannot go at high speeds. Long-range vehicles are becoming more common as battery and electric motor technology improves. As a result, by selecting the motor and battery based on the region and driving cycle, the performance of these cars may be improved. In this study, the dynamics model of an electric car was created using MATLAB SIMULINK. Keywords: Electric vehicle, MATLAB SIMULINK, Simulation Drive Cycle
Haydar Efendi'nin İran Sefaretnamesi
Authors: SARIKÇIOĞLU ÖKTEN Melike , GÜNGÖR Mertcan
Published: June 2022

Osmanlı Devleti’nin kuruluş devrinden başlamak üzere yıkılışına kadar yüzyıllar boyunca devam eden diplomasi tarihinde elçilerin faaliyetleri ile ilgili sefaretname yazma geleneği sürdürülmüştür. Osmanlı devrinde kaleme alınan sefaretnameler arasında günümüze ulaşan sefaretnamelerin çoğu geçici elçiler veya onların maiyetinde bulunan kimseler tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Daimi elçiler, tarafından yazılan sefaretnameler de mevcuttur. Çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan “Haydar Efendi’nin İran Sefaretnamesi” adlı eser İran’da daimi elçilik açıldıktan sonra kaleme alınan ilk sefaretnamedir. Bu sefaretname, Ahmet Vefik Efendi’nin Tahran’a 15 Haziran 1851’de büyükelçi sıfatı ile atanmasıyla heyetinde sefaret müsteşarı olarak görev alan Haydar Efendi tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Sefaretnamede Osmanlı elçilik heyetinin yolculuğu ve İran tarafının Osmanlı elçilik heyetini nasıl karşıladığı ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlatılmaktadır. Ayrıca sefaretname, Osmanlı elçilik heyeti ve elçinin İran tarafından karşılama seremonilerine binaen sergilediği tutum ve davranışlarla ilgilide ayrıntılı bilgileri içermektedir.
Tevfik Ubud Efendi’nin Hint İslam Cemiyeti Adına Kurtuluş Savaşı’na Mali Yardım Adı Altında Casusluk Faaliyetleri
Authors: ERDOĞAN Abdullah
Published: June 2022

Osmanlı Devleti 1914-1918 yılları arasında yaşanan Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan mağlup olarak ayrılmış, 30 Ekim 1918 tarihinde Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması’nı imzalamıştır. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın 19 Mayıs 1919’da Samsun’a çıkmasıyla Kurtuluş Savaşı fiili olarak başlamıştır. Türk milletinin bağımsızlık mücadelesini yürütmek, o günün şartları göz önünde tutulduğunda hiç de kolay olmamıştır. Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın mali yükünü karşılamak için iç ve dış kaynaklardan gelebilecek yardımlara ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Türk milletinin bağımsızlığına gölge düşürmeyecek şekilde dış kaynaklardan yardım alınmasına karar verilmiştir. Dış kaynaklardan biri olan Hint Müslümanları “Hint İslam Cemiyeti” olarak Kurtuluş Savaşı’na maddi destek sağlayacaklarını Ankara Hükümetine bildirmişlerdir.Hint İslam Cemiyeti adına Türkiye’ye geldiğini ifade eden Tevfik Ubud Efendi, Ankara’ya gelmek ve Mustafa Kemal Paşa ile doğrudan görüşmek istediğini bildirmiştir. Tevfik Ubud Efendi gelirken yanında üç milyon rublelik bir çek getirdiğini Harbiye Nazırlığı görevlilerine söylemiştir. İlerleyen dönemde farklı miktarlarda yine Hint İslam Cemiyeti adına para yardımında bulunacağını ifade etmiştir. Uzun süren savaşlar sonunda hayli yıpranmış Türk maliyesi için o dönemde bu destek önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Mustafa Kemal Paşa Mersin’e gelen Tevfik Ubud Efendi’nin Ankara’ya gönderilmesi için yetkililere gereken emirleri vermiştir. Tevfik Ubud Efendi getirdiğini söylediği üç milyon rublelik çeki ve ifade ettiği diğer paraların hiçbirini Ankara Hükümetine teslim etmemiştir. Çeşitli kaynaklarda Hint İslam Cemiyeti’nin Kurtuluş Savaşı’na mali destekte bulunduğu yer almaktadır. İncelediğimiz arşiv belgelerinde daha önce ifade edilen miktarların yer aldığını; ancak yine aynı arşiv belgelerinde söz konusu edilen miktarların Ankara Hükümeti’ne teslim edilmediği anlaşılmaktadır.Mustafa Kemal Paşa cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra kaleme aldığı Nutuk adlı eserinde 19 Mayıs 1919’da Samsun’a çıktığı andan 1927 yılına kadar yaşananları belgeleriyle tarihe not düşmesine rağmen Hint İslam Cemiyeti’nden para geldiğine dair hiçbir bilgi ve belgeye yer vermemiştir. Hint İslam Cemiyeti adına mali yardımda bulunacağını söyleyen Tevfik Ubud Efendi yargılamalar sonunda Fransızlar namına casusluk yaptığını itiraf etmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonunda da Tevfik Ubud Efendi’nin Hint İslam Cemiyeti üyesi olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada arşiv belgelerinden ve birinci el kaynaklardan faydalanılarak Hint İslam Cemiyeti’nden Kurtuluş Savaşı’na mali yardım yapılıp yapılmadığı incelenecektir. ATASE arşiv belgelerinden temin ettiğimiz Tevfik Ubud Efendi dosyası çalışmamıza temel teşkil edecektir.
Croire ou Penser ? Confiance et aliénation
Authors: Diet Emmanuel
Published: June 2022

Dans le contexte déstabilisant des méfiances et des conflictualités qui attaquent toutes les autorités et institutions symboliques, les sujets en souffrance cherchent leur recours dans l’adhérence à des personnes ou à des discours leur proposant réassurance narcissique, discours de certitude et idéal. La confiance accordée sans réserve devient alors, dans un registre incestuel, le moyen et le lieu d’une aliénation désubjectivante destructrice de la possibilité d’une pensée en nom propre.
Restaurer de la confiance… en chassant les fantômes
Authors: Landier Hubert
Published: June 2022

Le fantôme est un nom que nous donnons à la présence toujours silencieuse d’une personne qui n’a pas été enterrée selon les rites et qui continue à hanter la communauté humaine où elle s’est naguère manifestée, causant ainsi des troubles dont on ne parvient pas à comprendre autrement l’origine, et encore moins à y mettre fin. Le fantôme peut se manifester dans une communauté étroite : une famille, un groupe d’amis, une entreprise. Mais il peut également se manifester à une bien plus grande échelle : celle d’un peuple, voire d’une civilisation dans son ensemble, telle la civilisation techno-industrielle qui est la nôtre. Il faut alors, pour comprendre, de celle-ci, les limites, les travers et les pratiques mortifères, partir à la recherche des grandes voix qui énoncèrent jadis les principes sur lesquels elle se fonde, les repérer et les éclairer afin de pouvoir échapper à leur pouvoir et se libérer de leur influence cachée. Le fantôme est celui qui, par sa présence silencieuse, divise la communauté, qui y crée le doute, qui la fragmente en parties opposées qui ne se comprennent plus parce qu’elles ne s’entendent plus. Restaurer la confiance, c’est d’abord chasser les fantômes toujours présents parmi nous afin de les exclure définitivement du monde des vivants.
Submerged arc welding process peculiarities in application for Arctic structures
Authors: Kah Paul , Layus Pavel , Ndiwe Benoit
Published: June 2022

The paper focuses on the submerged arc welding (SAW) process in application to structures for Arctic conditions. One of the technical challenges for modern Arctic structures is to produce high-quality welds since a weld is usually the weakest part of any structure. Welding is especially difficult for the high strength steels (HSS), which are used in structures for weight-reduction purposes. The objective of the study is to explore the usability, development possibilities and parameters of SAW process for welding of thick cold-resistant HSS plates. Meeting this objective required in-depth understanding of the welding and material science background, which includes the quality requirements of weld joints intended for Arctic service as described in various standards, properties of cold-resistant HSS and description of testing methods used to validate welding joints for low temperature conditions. The study describes experimental findings that improve understanding of SAW process of thick quenched and tempered (QT) and thermo-mechanically processed (TMCP) HSS plates. Experiments were conducted to develop SAW procedures to weld several thick (exceeding 25 mm) high strengths (580–650 MPa tensile strength) cold-resistant (intended operational temperature at least −40 ℃) steel grades. The welds were evaluated by a wide range of industrial tests: analyses of chemical, microstructural and mechanical properties; hardness tests; and cold resistance evaluation tests: the Charpy V-notch impact test and the Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) test. Acceptable welding parameters and recommendations were developed, and the results of the experiments show that high quality welds can be obtained using heat input up to 3.5 kJ/mm.
Some new Riemann-Liouville fractional integral inequalities for interval-valued mappings
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , Treanțǎ Savin , Alrweili Hleil , Saeed Tareq , Soliman Mohamed S.
Published: June 2022

The notions of convex mappings and inequalities, which form a strong link and are key parts of classical analysis, have gotten a lot of attention recently. As a familiar extension of the classical one, interval-valued analysis is frequently used in the research of control theory, mathematical economy and so on. Motivated by the importance of convexity and inequality, our aim is to consider a new class of convex interval-valued mappings (I-V⋅Ms) known as left and right (L-R) $ \mathfrak{J} $-convex interval-valued mappings through pseudo-order relation ($ {\le }_{p} $) or partial order relation, because in interval space, both concepts coincide, so this order relation is defined in interval space. By using this concept, first we obtain Hermite-Hadamard (HH-) and Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér (HH-Fejér) type inequalities through pseudo-order relations via the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator. Moreover, we have shown that our results include a wide class of new and known inequalities for L-R $ \mathfrak{J} $-convex- I-V⋅Ms and their variant forms as special cases. Under some mild restrictions, we have proved that the inclusion relation "$ \subseteq $" is coincident to pseudo-order relation "$ {\le }_{p} $" when the I-V⋅M is L-R $ \mathfrak{J} $-convex or L-R $ \mathfrak{J} $-concave. Results obtained in this paper can be viewed as an improvement and refinement of classical known results.
A Rare Case of Transient Anisocoria Following Microlumbar Discectomy
Authors: Sait Rizwan , Krishnakumar R.
Published: June 2022

Ocular complications following surgeries in prone positions are rarely reported. With this case report, we present a 39-year-old female who developed transient anisocoria following microlumbar discectomy. Further evaluation showed mild uniocular third nerve palsy, which resolved spontaneously. By understanding the pathophysiology of this complication, we can avoid unnecessary investigations and costs.
Cholinergic Stimulation of Fracture Healing
Authors: John P. S. , John Ann Maria , Thomas Varghese , Dalvi Yogesh Bharat , Varghese Ruby
Published: June 2022

Background:

There have been countless attempts not only to address the problems of a failed union but also to accelerate fracture healing. A review of the literature over the last several decades shows that the various strategies for accelerating fracture healing have not been highly successful.

Aims and objectives:

Recent discoveries on the positive role of cholinergic activity on bone have been successfully used to investigate new promising therapies for various bone diseases and acceleration of fracture healing based on cholinergic stimulation. Citicoline is a precursor of acetylcholine biosynthesis and can increase the level of acetylcholine and thereby increase cholinergic activity. Hence we have done a study to find out the role of citicoline in accelerating fracture healing.

Materials and methods:

In this animal experiment model, we have studied the healing of leg fracture in a group of ten rats treated with citicoline injection intraperitoneally and in another group without citicoline supplementation.

Results:

The citicoline group showed early fracture healing with exuberant callus and the tissues studied from the fracture site showed more thymidine incorporation.

Conclusions:

This animal study has shown that Citicoline can accelerate fracture healing by cholinergic stimulation.
Fibrous Dysplasia; Is Aggressive Treatment Justifiable?
Authors: Puthur Dominic , John K. Ajith , Jose Tony
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a bone lesion resulting from the displacement of the normal medullary bone, with abnormal fibro-osseous tissue. The aim of the study is to investigate the clinicopathological profile of FD, and the objective is to lay out treatment protocol for this condition.

Materials and Methods:

25 patients with 29 lesions including 9 femora (31%), 5 tibia (17%), and 4 humerus (14%), 3 rib, 3 ulna, 3 radius, 3 fibula, and 1 pelvis included for the study.

Results:

The two children who presented with lesions in the trochanter and later had pathological fracture who subsequently treated by fixation with implants were fine during final follow-up, rest of cases in upper femur graft served the purpose and remained asymptomatic in the final follow-up. Humerus and tibia case treated with fibular grafting during childhood didn't served the purpose as the grafted fibula was replaced by dysplastic bone. In contrast to that fibula is used as a graft gives good result in patients nearing skeletal maturity and also in adult. Lesions that are left alone remained as such except for the increased size during adolescent growth spurt.

Conclusion:

Conservative management (observation alone) is enough in most cases of FD. Peri trochanteric region need surgery and were highly dependent on the patient's age at time of the initial presentation. In patients who were skeletally mature, the result was satisfactory with either fibular graft. In contrast, patients who were skeletally immature, fibular graft gets involved in the disease process and do not serve its purpose.
Unusual Case of Surgical Site Infection with Uncommon Organism – Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Manu Fawaz Mohammed , Marthya Anwar , Salim Shameez Muhammed , Elias Vinu
Published: June 2022

Melioidosis is an infection caused by a facultative intracellular Gram-negative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, previously termed as Pseudomonas pseudomallei. This case report is an unusual case of surgical site infection with uncommon organism-B. pseudomallei. We report a case of melioidosis. A 62-year-old patient complained of swelling, redness, discharge from the surgical site right hip, and on and off generalized temperature from the last 15 days. The patient was toxic. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 130, C-reactive protein – 92, and Hb – 9.2, and on further blood investigation, the patient was diagnosed with surgical site infection with an implant in situ and underwent implant removal and surgical debridement of right hip, by intraoperative pus culture shows Staphylococcus aureus growth, and the patient was started on intravenous cefoperazone-sulbactam 1.5 g for 1 week, following which symptoms reappear. Later, Gram-stain shows the growth of B. pseudomallei. He was started on injection ceftazidime 2 g thrice daily (TDS) (Q8 hourly) for 2 weeks followed by oral cotrimoxazole for the next 9 months, the patient is on regular follow-up. Diagnosis of melioidosis is missed in many parts of the world due to lack of awareness of this infection caused by B. pseudomallei. Delay in diagnosis or treatment against melioidosis can worsen the outcome. With increasing awareness and better diagnostic facilities, probably musculoskeletal melioidosis will be increasingly diagnosed in future.
Glomus Tumor
Authors: Nikhil C. S. , Davis Joe , Muraleedharan K. , Pillai Suresh S.
Published: June 2022

Glomus tumors are rare usually benign neoplasms arising from the glomus body, accounting for 1%–2% of soft tissue tumors of the hand. They are commonly found in the hand and present as bluish or red-pink discoloration of the nail bed with the classic triad of symptoms and clinical signs. Although classical signs and symptoms have been described, there is a delay in diagnosis of the tumor mainly due to the lack of awareness and low prevalence of the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging is the investigation of choice in the diagnosis of the glomus tumor and the treatment is complete excision which prevents recurrence.
Proximal Femoral Nail versus Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation 2 in the Fixation of Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Harisankar M. , Menon Rajanish R , Gangadharan P
Published: June 2022

Intertrochanteric fractures of the femur is one of the most common fractures encountered by an orthopedician during his practice. Hence, it is considered highly relevant to compare the clinico-radiological outcome of intertrochanteric fractures treated with the two different intramedullary implants – proximal femoral nail (PFN) and PFN Antirotation2 (PFNA2) with a critical note on their efficacy.

Source of Clinical Data:

The clinical material for the present study consists of 78 cases of fresh trochanteric fracture of traumatic etiology meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Study Design:

This is a prospective, randomized comparative study.

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical or functional outcome. However, fluoroscopic exposure and the duration of surgery were significantly lower with PFNA2. Hence, we conclude that PFNA2 is a better option for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures of hip.
Subvastus Approach versus Medial Parapatellar Approach in Total Knee Arthroplasty – A Prospective Comparative Study of Functional Outcome
Authors: Dileep Praveen , Padmanabhan Vinod , Krishnaraj C. P.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

For late stages of arthritis of knee, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most successful joint replacement surgery for the patients to achieve good function. The medial parapatellar (MPP) approach is most often used, whereas the subvastus approach (SV) is a suitable alternative.

Patients and Methods:

This is a prospective, observational, comparative study.

Results:

It has been demonstrated that the approach (SV) is advantageous in the early postoperative period compared to the MPP surgical approach (MPP). The SV group was able to perform straight leg raising earlier, had good pain scores, and experienced better range of motion when compared to the MPP group. The Knee Society Knee Score for pain was also better in the SV group in the immediate postoperative period.

Conclusion:

The SV approach, which is based on avoidance damage to extensor mechanism and peripatellar plexus of vessels, helps in early rehabilitation after TKA.
Internal transcribed spacer region 1 as a promising target for detection of intra-specific polymorphisms for Strongyloides stercoralis
Authors: Sultana Yasmin , Kong Fanrong , Mukutmoni Mandira , Fahria Laila , Begum Aleya , Lee Rogan
Published: June 2022

Background:

Strongyloides stercoralis, the causative agent of strongyloidiasis, is a parasitic worm that has larvae capable of reinfecting the same host. This nematode infection is therefore difficult to treat and to achieve total cure. Information about genetic variation and differences in drug susceptibility between strains is needed to improve treatment outcomes.

Aim:

To develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the intra-species variation among 13 S. stercoralis isolates collected from Bangladesh, USA and Australia.

Material & Methods:

PCR assays were designed by using primers targeting S. stercoralis internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions 1 and 2. Sequence data generated by these PCR products were compared to the existing ITS1/2, 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequences in GenBank for phylogenetic analysis.

Results:

Intra-species single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in ITS1 and in the 5.8S rRNA gene. The generated phylogram grouped the 13 isolates into dog, Orangutan and human clusters.

Conclusion:

This method could be used as an epidemiological tool to study strain differences in larger collections of S. stercoralis isolates. The study forms the basis for further development of an ITS-based assay for S. stercoralis molecular epidemiological studies
Human dicrocoeliosis with urticaria
Authors: Lall Niharika , Deshmukh Abhijit Babanrao , Saoji Sandhya V.
Published: June 2022

Human dicrocoeliosis caused by Dicrocoelium dendriticum is reported sporadically from various parts of the world. D. dendriticum, a liver fluke has a complex life cycle with two intermediate hosts[FIGURE DASH]the land snail and the ant. True human infection occurs by ingestion of the second intermediate host, but spurious infections have occurred after consumption of undercooked animal liver. We report a case of a 20-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and itchy skin rashes all over the body. Stool microscopy revealed numerous eggs of D. dendritricum. A brief discussion of the medical literature is presented.
Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis assemblages in children among the rural and urban population of Pondicherry, India
Authors: Langbang Dashwa , Dhodapkar Rahul , Parija Subhash Chandra , Premarajan K. C. , Rajkumari Nonika
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Giardiasis is one of the greatest public parasitic infections causing diarrheal and also known to be associated with high morbidity and mortality, among the children's particularly in developing countries with less cleanliness practices. Thus, studying genomic variety of Giardia intestinalis aids to improve our perspective related to the variability in the genome of the parasite.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 1006 stool samples were collected from the rural (n = 500) and urban settings (n = 506) from the children (<15 years) with and without symptoms and were screened for the presence of G. intestinalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting triosephosphate isomerase gene. Further, all PCR-positive amplicons were subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism using RsaI restriction enzyme.

Results:

Of the total 1006 stool samples, 500 samples from rural screened by PCR 108 (21%) were found to be positive for assemblage A, 116 (23.2%) belong to assemblage B, and 5 (1%) were mixed assemblages (A + B). Whereas in urban, of the 506 samples screened by PCR, 92 (18.1%) were found to be positive for assemblage A, 93 (18.3%) assemblage B, and 10 (1.9%) were mixed assemblages (A + B). No significant difference was found between the G. intestinalis assemblages with clinical details of symptomatic and asymptomatic in children.

Conclusions:

This signifies the first study inspection in our location to shed lights and delivers some preliminary data on assemblages and subassemblages. The results suggest that anthroponotic transmission could be a foremost transmission path for giardiasis among the study population.
High prevalence of neurocysticercosis among patients with epilepsy in a tertiary care hospital of Assam, India
Authors: Devi K. Rekha , Borbora Debasish , Upadhyay Narayan , Goswami Dibyajyoti , Rajguru S. K. , Narain Kanwar
Published: June 2022

Background:

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitic disease of the central nervous system, which is caused by the metacestode of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. The present unicentric, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the contribution of NCC as a cause of active epilepsy among patients attending a tertiary health care center in Assam, India.

Materials and Methods:

Over a period of 2 years, 152 active epilepsy patients were investigated based on clinical, epidemiological, neuroimaging (contrast-enhanced computerized tomography), and immunological techniques to establish the diagnosis of NCC. A precoded questionnaire was administered to patients and/or guardians to collect detailed medical history.

Results:

Ninety-three cases (61.2%) fulfilled either definitive or probable diagnostic criteria for NCC. Anti-cysticercus immunoglobulin G antibodies were detected by ELISA and enzyme electro-immune transfer blot in 69 (45.4%) active epilepsy patients. Seroprevalence was higher in males, 46.6% (54/116); than in females, 41.7% (15/36), and increased significantly with age; peaking in the 20–39 years age group (36/76; χ2 = 5.64; P = 0.02). Among the seropositive cases, 54 (78.3%) were diagnosed with NCC. A significantly higher number of seropositive individuals were diagnosed with NCC in the 20–39 years age group as compared to the 40 years and above age group (χ2 = 6.28; P = 0.01). The association between seropositivity for NCC, and the number of lesions in the brain was statistically significant (χ2 = −8.33; P = 0.003).

Conclusions:

This study indicates that NCC is a major cause of active epilepsy in Assam. A high prevalence of pediatric NCC is also a major concern.
Utility of smear examination, culture, and serological tests in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis/post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis at National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi
Authors: Singhai Monil , Kakkar Neeru , Gupta Naveen , Bala Manju , Singh Ram , Singh Sujeet K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

A range of assays have been developed to detect specific antileishmanial antibody, such as rK 39 immunochromatographic test (ICT), KE 16 ICT, ELISA test, and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), which play a crucial role in serological diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). However, limited published reports are available on the utility of serological test (IFAT test/rk 39), smear examination, and culture in the diagnosis of VL and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in our country.

Materials and Methods:

We present utility of serological test (IFAT test/rK 39), smear examination for Leishmania donovani (LD) bodies, and culture in 2589 samples from 2294 VL/PKDL suspected patients (January 2009–December 2019) tested in Centre for Arboviral and Zoonotic diseases, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India, for laboratory diagnosis of VL/PKDL.

Results:

A total of 80/553 (14.4%) cases were confirmed of VL (74/522 cases by demonstration of LD bodies in bone marrow smear examination, 5/12 in splenic smear examination 1/19 by culture) and 4/21 (19.0%) cases were confirmed of PKDL (demonstration of LD bodies in slit skin smear examination. In our study 197/1368 (14.4%) cases were diagnosed positive by IFAT, 34/646 (5.2%) cases by rk 39 ICT for VL/PKDL by demonstration of specific antileishmanial antibodies.

Conclusion:

As the goal of elimination of VL as a public health problem is approaching, apart from serological tests such as rk 39 and IFAT, direct methods of detection such as (parasitic demonstration in BM smear, culture, and molecular tests) for Leishmania may play a crucial role for achieving a correct diagnosis and treatment. We also concluded that IFAT though not field-friendly, its optimal use as an adjunct test with BM smear in all stages of infections may be required. Further rk39 is a simple, reliable, noninvasive, and field-friendly test for diagnosis VL, especially in endemic areas.
Scientific Foundations in medicine and Pharmacy
Authors: Vladlenov Denis
Published: June 2022

All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The content and reliability of the articles are the responsibility of the authors. When using and borrowing materials reference to the publication is required. Collection of scientific articles published is the scientific and practical publication, which contains scientific articles of students, graduate students, Candidates and Doctors of Sciences, research workers and practitioners from Europe and Ukraine. The articles contain the study, reflecting the processes and changes in the structure of modern science.
Power Quality Enhancement Using Particle Swarm Optimization Based Shunt Active Power Filter
Authors: Reddy S. R. , Prasad P. V. , Srinivas G. N.
Published: June 2022

The shunt active power filter is one compelling arrangement is utilized for reducing the source current harmonics distortion in nonlinear load distribution system. The synchronous reference frame control algorithm utilized to creating current controlled reference signals. The acquired reference control signals are compared with hysteresis controller for better switching of shunt active power filters. Generally SRF with PI controlled shunt active power filter are used to compensation of harmonic. But, they won't give better results to bigger variety loads. In these papers a particle swarm optimization (PSO) system is proposed for better tuning of PI values of SRF with PSO-PI controlled shunt active power filter. The simulation results without and with conventional PI and furthermore with PSO-PI is analyzed for nonlinear load distribution system.
Calculation and Experimental Determination of Damping Properties for Polymer Composite Material
Authors: V. P., Eremin , A. A. Bolshikh
Published: June 2022

In all real materials, energy is dissipated during deformation. You can think of it as a kind of internal friction. The load curve for the full period does not fit into a straight line. Usually, to describe the damping in the material, a model is used in terms of the hysteresis loss coefficient, since the energy losses per period depend weakly on frequency and amplitude. At the same time, the mathematical description in the loss factor model is based on complex values, that is, it implies only the case of harmonic vibration. Therefore, this damping model can only be used for frequency-domain studies. Rayleigh damping is a simple approach to forming the damping matrix as a linear combination of the mass matrix and the stiffness matrix. This damping model is unrelated to any physical loss mechanisms. In this paper, we consider a model of a mathematical pendulum for the experimental and computational determination of the damping properties of a polymer composite material. For the experimental part, a stand was designed and created that simulates the excitation of a plate made of a polymer material. The computational repetition of the experiment was performed by the finite element method and using the analytical Runge-Kutta method of the 4th and 5th order.
NURTURING FATHER AND DAUGHTER RELATIONSHIPS AND FAMILY WELL-BEING: A COMMUNITY-BASED TRANSFORMATIVE INITIATIVE
Authors: Jamal Aamir , Lorenzetti Liza , Jamal Omer , Thomas Sarah , Mancey Abbas
Published: June 2022

Research supports that the positive involvement of fathers in caregiving activities cultivates family cohesion and fosters the emotional well-being of fathers and their families. However, there are limited community-based resources that support and celebrate the development of nurturing fatherhood and focus on strengthening father-daughter relationships. In collaboration with diverse communities in Calgary, Canada, a local network launched a community-based and culturally relevant program, Honouring Fathers and Daughters, to promote positive fatherhood roles and to celebrate both nurturing fatherhood practices and the significance of father-daughter relationships. Participants (N=65), from ethnically and socioeconomically diverse backgrounds, including 19 fathers, 17 mothers, and 29 children, joined the program. A community-based research approach (CBR) was employed to gather participant responses through feedback forms. Through qualitative analysis, responses indicated three key themes: valuing and appreciating father-daughter relationships, the need for social and cultural spaces for the engagement and transformation of fathers, and the importance of providing opportunities for fathers to learn new strategies for parenting and bonding with their daughters. This article highlights the importance of community-based engagement programs for nurturing father-daughter relationships and provides insights for communities.
DISCOURSE, KNOWLEDGE AND (HETERO)PATRIARCHY: A CASE STUDY OF THE HONOUR KILLING OF QANDEEL BALOCH
Authors: Rizwan Snobra
Published: June 2022

This study employs a Feminist Epistemic Discourse analysis of the Facebook comments posted by social media users in Pakistan in response to the honour killing of a social media celebrity, Qandeel Baloch. The study focuses on misogynist and sexist knowledge and practices of knowledge dissemination, where information is condensed and interpersonally charged through (de)legitimation strategies which embody hegemonised heteropatriarchal ideologies and values. To represent and synthesise people’s misogynist and sexist knowledge, and to justify the honour killing of Baloch, the social media users make use of selective knowledge constructed from the combinations of various popular discourses, supported by the references to selected religious scripture. This study is a part of a more detailed study on Gendered Epistemic Discourse Analysis (GEDA) which aims to focus on the relationship between discourse, knowledge and heteropatriarchy. Such studies will provide deeper insights into socio-cultural contexts where honour killing is practiced, and facilitate further development of feminist approaches to discourse, knowledge and socio-cultural context.
CHALLENGING STEREOTYPES ABOUT GENDERED ROLES IN TED TALKS
Authors: Azher Mussarat , Riaz Attiqa , Ikram Abdul Ghaffar
Published: June 2022

This study is designed to explicate how the paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationship of language is the embodiment of gender differences. The present research deals with data taken from TEDx videos of both male and female speakers to find out how the speech varies between both sexes; what lexical choices and grammatical patterns are used by the speakers to make their speech stand out. The data, after being transcribed according to the Jeffersonian system of transcription, are analysed in the light of multiple parameters of Lakoff’s Deficit Model (1975). The paper mainly focuses on how men and women exploit various linguistic choices in terms of topics, empty adjectives, hedges, intensives, super-polite adjectives, telling jokes and intonation in their talks. The results implicate that both men and women have reshaped their linguistic choices over time and, as opposed to Lakoff’s findings, women’s talk is getting subject-oriented, shaded with lesser use of intensifiers, empty adjectives and intonations; whereas men are using these parameters with conviction. This represents a negation of internalised stereotypes by both sexes.
50 YEARS OF ENGENDERING WOMEN IN BANGLADESH’S POLITICS: PROGRESS OR PARADOX?
Authors: Khanom Sufia , Selim Ishtiaque
Published: June 2022

The paper seeks to evaluate women’s political participation at the 50th anniversary of Bangladesh which emerged in 1971 as an independent country. The country has recorded notable development indicators in these years. Among such indicators, the example of two women holding the topmost positions in politics has often resulted in a misconstrued notion, implying that all women have a fair and just role in the country’s politics. This study argues that stark societal contradictions seriously threaten women’s political roles, participation and empowerment at all stages, as members of political parties, as elected representatives of the people and more significantly as voters. The research attempts to address the following questions: What are the roadblocks hindering women’s political engagement at all the above-mentioned stages? What measures has the government adopted for increasing women’s low representation in politics? What forward-looking strategies have been employed for enhancing women’s participation in public life? The findings show that a lot has yet to be achieved because women’s subordinated position in politics may be a result of low political institutionalisation and patriarchy, both in public and private spheres.
Simulated cases to improve “real-life” communication between physician assistants and pharmacy students
Authors: Weidman-Evans Emily , Barbo Ashley , Stewart Roxie , Fort Ashley
Published: June 2022

Introduction: It is important to construct interprofessional education activities that simulate realistic practice, even if students are in different physical locations. This manuscript outlines an effort to provide an activity in which physician assistants and pharmacy students carry out a case-based simulation via telecommunication in their final didactic semester.   
Programme description: Both professions were tasked with providing optimal care to patients during a busy workday of managing multiple patients simultaneously.     
Evaluation: Instructional objectives were assessed through a follow-up quiz on the other’s profession, reflection questions, and appropriate documentation for each profession. Student perceptions of communication methods and the other profession were collected via an optional survey.   
Future plan:  Based on overall responsiveness to the activity, this type of simulation is effective for providing interprofessional education while overcoming the common barriers of physical location and space.
Supplemental instruction in pharmacy education: Lessons learned from collected perceptions
Authors: Collier Sarah P. , Gill Kayce D. , Phipps Stephen D. , Mercer Susan L.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Supplemental Instruction (SI) is an internationally-recognised academic support programme serving students in historically challenging courses across higher education via peer-assisted learning.   
Methods: A survey was deployed to gather perceptions of SI among student pharmacists, near-peer leaders, faculty, and staff of a traditional, four-year doctor of pharmacy programme hosted by a private institution in the United States.   
Results: Ninety-eight participants shared perceptions and viewpoints of the SI programme. Overall, positive perceptions were expressed and were independent of proximity to either attending sessions (students) or teaching activities (faculty). Student respondents identified audience-response polling or “gamification” as the most effective modality while the traditional use of student small groups was deemed less useful. Curiously, the student results also support SI improving student-faculty interactions.   
Conclusion: Given the current landscape of pharmacy education, it is critical to provide the best resources possible to ensure student success, and SI is an easily adaptable model to support student pharmacists.
Design And Fabrication of Shoe Dusting Machine
Authors: Shivshankar M Navadagi  , Arati V Patil  , Rohit S Jadhav  , Muttu Rugi  , Ashok M Hulagabali  , Rajendra Galagali
Published: June 2022

Our project aims at safety, simplicity and comfort for human use. This project deals with both, the clipper of our effort and
incorporating shoe sole dust cleaning facility with this machine. This project aims on automation of shoe sole dust cleaning without
any human intimacy. This project presents a basic as well as very professional treatment of the subject in a very comprehensive,
based on learning effort and understanding cap ability and needs of today as per their requirements and levels. This automatic shoe
sole dust cleaning machine significantly better than the old methods and process of cleaning the shoe sole. Then the shoes dusting
machine is designed by considering all the various variables with respect to customer need in terms of transferable and economically
available to them, thus providing dust and dirt free environment. This shoes dusting machine provides touchless usage which reduces
the time required for cleaning the shoe dust and is more effective.
Sustainable framework for hospital response during health emergencies
Authors: P. Lim George Michael , Prado Nenita I.
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 pandemic poses challenges to the healthcare systems worldwide, which soon exponentially strained hospitals' systems and resources, leading them to challenge dilemmas. Meanwhile, the Philippines has made remarkable emergency response efforts against this pandemic but was exhausted due to the multiple healthcare concerns that needed to be addressed. Listening to hospitals' heads and nurse managers about their strategies drove this study to realize its aim to develop a framework for hospital responses during health emergencies. Triangulation was used in data gathering anchored on Glaser and Strauss and Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory. Careful analysis, constant data comparison, theoretical sampling to ensure the saturation of categories, and generating theory intimately linked to and grounded in the data are imperative for qualitative research. Concurrent collection and data analysis assure mutual interaction between what is known and what one needs to know, along with theoretical thinking, which provides emerging ideas that are reconfirmed as new data. The research questions were answered by documentary analysis, ZOOM's virtual interviews, and focus group discussions. A purposive sampling of thirty participants comprised ten participants from hospitals in the three main islands of the Philippines, wherein eventually, thirty participants were reduced to fifteen. Hospitals have a high level of preparedness for health emergencies, and a sustainable framework for the pandemic and other health emergencies is developed in a 5-point domain: operations, morale, infrastructure, finances, and innovations.
Scalp threading - new treatment option for Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Arsova Elena
Published: June 2022

Background: Patients nowadays seek treatment, not only to prevent the existing hair loss but more so to regain new hair with good thickness and density. Cochrane review reports that the efficacy of finasteride and minoxidil for AGA varies between 40% and 60%, which implies that a significant number of patients go bald despite therapy.  New treatment modalities, like Scalp Threading, Autologous stem cells, Cu-peptides, have beneficial role in hair regrowth. Observation: The dialog between mesenchymal and epithelial compartment of the hair follicle is essential for maintaining the normal hair growth, and is performed through signaling pathways and molecules. The Wnt pathway is considered to be the master regulator of hair growth and hair follicle cycling. In AGA, DHT inhibits hair growth by interfering with the Wnt pathway which results in arrest of the cells proliferation and differentiations, and seize of hair growth. Key Message: Scalp Threading is the novel treatment that stimulates the hair follicle cells proliferation, extends the anagen phase of hair growth and upregulates the growth factors. A single application of threads results in hair growth comparable to that achieved with consecutive applications of minoxidil. Considering its long-lasting and proliferating potentials, Scalp Threading can be considered a good treatment option for patients with AGA.
Matrix Operators on the Absolute Euler space $\left\vert E_{\phi }^{r}\right\vert (\mu)$
Authors: GÖKÇE Fadime
Published: June 2022

In recent paper, the space $ \left\vert E_{\phi}^{r}\right\vert (\mu)$ which is the generalization of the absolute Euler Space on the space $l(\mu)$, has been introduced and studied by Gökçe and Sarıgöl [3]. In this study, we give certain characterizations of matrix transformations from the paranormed space $ \left\vert E_{\phi}^{r}\right\vert (\mu)$ to one of the classical sequence spaces $c_{0},c,l_{\infty }.$ Also, we show that such matrix operators are bounded linear operators.
On Fuzzy 2-absorbing Γ-ideals in Γ-rings
Authors: ONAR Serkan
Published: June 2022

The goal of this paper is to give a definition of a generalization of fuzzy prime $\Gamma $-ideals in $\Gamma $-rings by introducing fuzzy 2-absorbing $\Gamma $-ideals and fuzzy weakly completely 2-absorbing $\Gamma $-ideals of commutative $\Gamma $-rings and to give their properties. Furthermore, we give a diagram which transition between definitions of fuzzy 2-absorbing $\Gamma $-ideals of a $\Gamma $-ring. Finally, we introduce fuzzy quotient $\Gamma $-ring of $R$ induced by the fuzzy weakly completely 2-absorbing $\Gamma $-ideal is a $2$-absorbing $\Gamma $-ring.
ORTA ANADOLU’DAKİ BÖĞRÜDELİK KÖYÜNDEN TATAR SEYYAH ABDÜRREŞİD İBRAHİM’LE (1857– 1944) İLGİLİ ÜÇ BELGE
Authors: CWİKLİNSKİ Sebastian
Published: June 2022

Makalede yazarın Orta Anadolu’daki Böğrüdelik adlı bir Tatar köyünde topladığı, Tatar seyyah ve politikacı Abdürreşid İbrahim (1857–1944) ile ilgili üç belge sunulmaktadır. Böğrüdelik köyü, Batı Sibirya’dan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na göç etmiş, Sibirya Müslümanlarının bir alt grubu olan Buharalılar tarafından 1910 yılında kurulmuştur. Buharalılar, 16. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren Batı Sibirya’ya yerleşmiş Orta Asyalı tüccarların evlatları olarak kendilerini hep diğer Sibiryalı Müslümanlardan ayrı görmüşlerse de arada geçen zamanla Sibirya Tatarlarının şivesini kabul edip bu gruba belli bir şekilde de katılmışlar.
Böğrüdelik’teki Tatarlar/Buharalılar hakkında da birkaç etnografik incelemeler yapılmıştır. İlk kapsamlı araştırma, 1975’te İsviçreli coğrafyacı ve etnolog Ernst Kläy tarafından yazılmıştır ve sonraki yıllarda da Türkiyeli dilci, tarihçi etnolog ve müzikolog gibi araştırmacılar da Böğrüdelik’li Tatarlar ile ilgilenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, 1925 ile 1933 yılları arasında belli aralıklar ile köyde ikamet etmiş Tatar seyyah Abdürreşid İbrahim hakkında araştırma yapmak üyere tarihçiler de Böğrüdeliğe gelmiştir.
Sunacağımız ilk belge, 1920’li yılların sonuna ait ve Böğrüdelikli Tatarların, köylerinin adının Reşadiye’den Abdürreşid İbrahim’e izafeten ‘Reşid İli’ olarak değiştirilmesi için verdiği bir dilekçe iken diğer iki belge 1935 yılında yazılmış ve Abdürreşid İbrahim’in, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti makamları tarafından Türkiye vatandaşlığından çıkartılması ile ilgilidir. Üç belge aynı zamanda, Türk makamlarının İbrahim’e karşı takındığı tutumun ne kadar radikal bir şekilde değiştiğinin bir delilidir.
TATAR TÜRKÇESİNDE OĞUZCA BİÇİMBİRİMLER I: ZAMAN EKLERİ
Authors: TÜRK Ahmet Turan
Published: June 2022

Yeryüzündeki dillerin, kullanıldıkları zaman ve mekân diliminde belirli bir değişikliğe uğradığı bilinmektedir. Söz konusu değişiklik; dilin kendi doğal yapısından kaynaklanabileceği gibi toplumlar arasındaki dinî, ticari, teknolojik vb. ilişkiler neticesinde ortaya çıkan etkileşimlerle de gerçekleşebilmektedir. Bu etkileşimler, farklı diller arasında olabileceği gibi bir dilin lehçeleri arasında da meydana gelmektedir. Farklı diller arasındaki etkileşimler daha çok söz varlığında yaşanırken lehçeler arasındaki etkileşimler söz varlığının yanı sıra ses, biçim ve söz dizimi düzleminde de görülebilmektedir.
Türk kültür coğrafyasının kuzey kolunu temsil eden Kıpçak grubu Türk yazı dilleri içerisinde en eski yazı dili geleneğine sahip olan Tatar Türkçesi, tarihi süreçte Çağatay ve Oğuz yazı dillerinin etkisi altında kalmıştır. Özellikle Osmanlı Türkçesinin Karadeniz’in kuzey coğrafyasındaki etkisi artınca, bu topraklardaki Kıpçak grubu yazı dillerini etkilemiş ve onların dillerinde bakiyeler bırakmıştır. Kaşgarlı Mahmut’un işaret ettiği ortak yaşamdan XX. yüzyılın başlarına kadarki zaman diliminde Oğuz yazı dilinden Tatar Türkçesine, bu çalışmanın konusu ve sınırlılıkları içerisinde olan, bazı zaman eklerinin girdiği görülmektedir. Özellikle Osmanlı Türkçesi ile ilişkiler, daha önce yazı diline girmiş bazı Oğuzca unsurların koyulaşmasını ve ölçünlü dilde standartlaşmasını sağlamıştır.
Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı Türkçesinin Karadeniz’in kuzey coğrafyasındaki etkisi sonucunda Tatar Türkçesinde Oğuz Türkçesi unsuru olarak karşımıza çıkan “Belirsiz Gelecek Zamanın Olumsuz Çekimi” ve “Kesin Gelecek Zaman” ekleri ele alınmış; söz konusu eklerin tarihî ve çağdaş görünümlerine değinilerek kullanımları örneklendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.