bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Роль негосударственных акторов в современных гибридных войнах
Authors: Алаудинов А.А. , Стригунов К.С. , Гончаренко А.Р.
Published: January 2025

В данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения в современных формах гибридных войн негосударственных акторов, к которым относятся террористические организации, криминальные группировки, повстанцы и наёмники. Цель работы состоит в том, чтобы показать особенности применения негосударственных акторов в современных гибридных войнах. Для этого поставлены две задачи. Первая задача состоит в том, чтобы показать, почему делается основная ставка на использование негосударственных акторов в ряде форм кинетических гибридных войн. Вторая задача ‒ показать применение негосударственных акторов на примере гибридных войн, развязанных против Сирии и Ливии. В исследовании применялись общенаучные методы: анализ, синтез, индукция, дедукция. Помимо общенаучных методов применялись системный и сравнительный подходы. Методологической основой исследования является неореализм. Выявлено, что в некоторых современных кинетических гибридных войнах делается акцент на использование иррегулярных формирований в качестве основного инструмента достижения военно-политических целей. Показано, что апробация современных форм кинетических гибридных войн осуществлялась в Сирии и Ливии. Современные организационные и информационные технологии позволили использовать негосударственные акторы против государств и на их территориях создавать зоны по взращиванию боевиков. Эти боевики впоследствии задействуются в других конфликтах. Гибридные войны могут осуществляться в отсутствие уже существующего военно-политического движения, используемого против правительства государства-мишени. Вместо этого применяются организованные в сетевые формирования различные негосударственные акторы. Применение подобных сетей способно нанести ущерб государству, который сопоставим с ущербом от традиционной войны.

The features of the use of non-state actors, which include terrorist organizations, criminal groups, rebels and mercenaries, in modern forms of hybrid wars are discussed by the authors in this article. The purpose of the work is to show the features of the use of non-state actors in modern hybrid wars. To achieve this, two tasks are set. The first task is to show why the main focus is on the use of non-state actors in a number of forms of kinetic hybrid warfare. The second task is to show the use of non-state actors using the example of hybrid wars unleashed against Syria and Libya. The second task is to demonstrate the use of non-state actors using the example of hybrid wars unleashed against Syria and Libya. General scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction are used for the study. In addition to general scientific methods, there are systematic and comparative approaches. The methodological basis of the study is neorealism. It is revealed that in some modern kinetic hybrid wars, emphasis is placed on the use of irregular formations as the main tool for achieving military and political goals. It is shown that the testing of modern forms of kinetic hybrid warfare was carried out in Syria and Libya.
Трансформация эстетических ценностей в алгоритмической эстетике
Authors: Уймина О.И.
Published: January 2025

Развитие интеллектуальных систем сделало популярным одно из современных направлений неклассической эстетики: алгоритмическую эстетику. Алгоритмизация приводит к формированию новых ценностей в алгоритмической культуре. Математические измерения, заложенные в алгоритмы, пытаются найти индивидуальные особенности эстетических ценностей человека. Алгоритмы, созданные для конкретных индивидуальных задач, собирают большое количество данных и выводят общезначимые ценности, которые начинают формировать контент, например сериалы, музыку, образовательные курсы. Отличие влияния алгоритмов на культуру от общечеловеческой предзаданности в том, что они не обладают ограниченностью. Такие программные алгоритмы воспринимаются уже объективно и обладают своей эстетической ценностью. В статье исследуется то, как в алгоритмической эстетике происходит трансформация эстетических ценностей. Такие ценности имеют алгоритмический характер и связаны не только с художественными ценностями, но также создают новые эстетические ценности. В алгоритмической эстетике можно выделить следующие эстетические ценности: красота (соразмерность, целостность и гармония), эстетизация цифрового кода, галлюцинация в цифровом коде, самодизайн, аффект, алгоритмическая интерактивность, алгоритмическое зрелище. Такое преобразование также связано с переходом от эмоциональной оценки прекрасного к интеллектуальной алгоритмической интерактивности и зрелищности.

The development of intelligent systems has given prominence to one of the areas of contemporary non-classical aesthetics: algorithmic aesthetics. Mathematical measurements embedded in algorithms try to find the individual characteristics of personal aesthetic values. Algorithms created for specific tasks collect a large amount of data and induce generally significant values that begin to form content, for instance, in TV series, music, online education. The difference between the universal human predicament and the influence of algorithms on culture lies in the fact that the latter do not have limitations. Such software algorithms are already perceived objectively and have their own aesthetic value. The article examines how the transformation of aesthetic values occurs in algorithmic aesthetics. These values are algorithmic in nature and are associated not only with artistic values, but also create new aesthetic values. The following aesthetic values can be distinguished in algorithmic aesthetics: beauty (proportionality, integrity and harmony), aestheticization of digital code, hallucination in digital code, self-design, affect, algorithmic interactivity, algorithmic spectacle. This transformation is also associated with the transition from an emotional assessment of beauty to intellectual algorithmic interactivity and spectacularity.
Identifikasi Arsitektur Fasade Art Deco Dikaitkan Dengan Fungsi Bangunan Museum
Authors: Dwipa Novantio , R. Sukardi Rahy , Astrid Hartoety Dianna
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has many architectural styles, the biggest cause of architectural development in Indonesia was the colonial events carried out by Europeans and Japanese. The city of Bandung is called "Art Deco City" because there are historical buildings that have an art deco architectural style which is a legacy of the Dutch colonial era. This research aims to reveal the facade of the geology museum building and determine the relationship between the building facade and the function of the museum building. This research is aimed at buildings that are more than fifty years old and whose physical condition has relatively not changed significantly. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. The results of the research show that the geology museum building is a building with art deco architecture combined with West Javanese vernacular architecture. The facade of the geology museum building supports the museum's function as a place to store and protect research and study items. However, in the context of exhibitions and communications, there are deficiencies in doors as circulation and windows as lighting support.
Pengaruh Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak
Authors: Aulia Mufti , Prastiani Siti Chaerunisa
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris pengaruh capital intensity, inventory intensity, dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap agresivitas pajak. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018-2022. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 6 perusahaan dan total observasi penelitian sebanyak 30 data observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah regresi data panel dengan beberapa pengujian diantaranya uji statistik deskriptif, uji model data panel, uji pemilihan model data panel, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi data panel, uji koefisien determinasi (R²), uji simultan (uji f), uji parsial (uji t) dengan menggunakan software statistic E-views versi 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Capital Intensity, Inventory Intensity, dan Kepemilikan Manajerial berpengaruh terhadap Agresivitas pajak.
Narrative Literature Review: Pengaruh Traffic Locus of Control Terhadap Risky Driving Behaviour
Authors: Naufal Saifullah Muhammad , Kesuma Dewi Triana
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi pengaruh antara Traffic Locus of Control (TLoC) dan perilaku mengemudi berisiko. Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan penyebab kematian nomor delapan di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Locus of control adalah faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi perilaku individu. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala Traffic Locus of Control yang mengukur locus of control dalam konteks mengemudi. Namun, masih belum banyak penelitian yang membahas terkait pengaruh/hubungan Traffic Locus of Control dan Risky Driving Behaviour. Hasil kajian literatur menunjukkan bahwa hanya dimensi self dari locus of control internal yang berkorelasi positif dengan perilaku mengemudi berisiko, sedangkan tidak ada satupun dimensi LoC eksternal yang dapat memprediksi perilaku mengemudi berisiko. Penelitian terkait Traffic Locus of Control dan Risky Driving Behaviour masih perlu terus dikaji supaya dapat membantu menurunkan angka kecelakaan lalu lintas.
Soil formation under different methods of cultivation and mineral fertilization of chernozem in agrocenosis
Authors: Demydenko O.V.
Published: January 2025

To determine the influence of soil protection tillage and different doses of fertilizer on the formation of the structure of the total phytomass of crops in crop rotations of different types and to assess the level of activity of root systems as a sign of the manifestation of cultural soil formation in the agrocenoses of the Central Forest-Steppe through humus accumulation in the thicknesses of chernozems. Methods. The methods of comparison, correlation and generalisation were used in the work, and the main method was a system analysis based on the description of the system, its individual structural components, their interaction with each other and external factors. Results. Strengthening of hydrothermal conditions of moistened chernozems provides high rates of reproduction of the humus profile of chernozem, and the systematic use of moldboardless tillage is a powerful factor in controlling the process of humus accumulation, which is diagnosed by darkening (increasing coarseness) of the transitional horizons of the soil stratum of chernozems typical of humus leakage. Under the influence of moldboardless tillage, the vector of soil formation is directed towards the formation of more moist chernozems (increased humus content), and the detected effect of increased humus formation should be considered a determinant criterion of the adaptation of the tillage system and, in general, the farming system to the conditions of increasing climate aridity in the agrocenoses of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The general pattern of formation of the ratio of marketable products to by-products, both above-ground mass and total by–products, regardless of the type of organic fertiliser, depends on the level of fertilisation, especially nitrogen fertilisation, and the method of cultivation, and lies in the fact that ploughing increases the amount of by-products in the structure of total biomass, while the share of marketable mass decreases. Conclusions. Soil formation in agrocenoses should be perceived as an increase in the cumulative effect of the biological factor of soil formation in the conditions of agricultural use of chernozem by improving hydrothermal soil conditions in seasonal and annual cycles under the influence of the systematic application of soil protection technologies based on no–till tillage, which ensures the process of managing the functional, ecological and facies regularities of organic matter deposition in the humus of chernozem in the agrocenoses of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Аssessment of phytosanitary conditions for the production of basic seed potatoes in the Southern Polissya region of Ukraine
Authors: Levkivskyi I.V. , Vyshnevska O.V.
Published: January 2025

To monitor the population and species composition of potato virus carriers in the Polissia region of Ukraine and assess the phytosanitary conditions for the production of basic seed potatoes. Methods. Field, laboratory-analytical, entomological, and statistical. Results. In 2021–2023, monitoring on seed potato plantings in the southern part of the Polissia region of Ukraine, using yellow water traps, identified 41 to 52 aphid species. Of these, 6 to 7 species were carriers of potato viruses; these aphid species constituted 43.14–84.15% of the total number of aphids caught. The remaining 37–45 aphid species, which were attracted by the yellow traps, were associated with vegetable, fruit, and berry crops, weeds, trees, and shrubs surrounding the seed potato fields. Aphid species composition and population levels depended on weather conditions and insecticide treatments. Up to seven aphid species that are carriers of potato viral diseases were recorded on potatoes, namely: Aphis fabae Scop., Aphis nasturtii Kalt., Aphis frangulae Kalt., Aulacorthum solani Kalt., Macrosiphum еuphorbiae Thom., Myzus persicae Sulz., Rhopalosiphum padi Lin. The most numerous vectors for transmitting potato viral infection were the species: Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thom., Aphis fabae Scop, Aphis frangulae Kalt., and Aphis nasturtii Kalt., with relatively low PVY transmission indices of 0.2, 0.1, 0.53, and 0.4, respectively. The cumulative vector load index of potato viral infections was 47.18 points in 2021, 69.48 points in 2022, and 52.12 points in 2023. Conclusions. A trend toward increased population and damage potential of aphid species that carry potato viruses was identified, which could lead to a higher spread of viral diseases in basic seed material.
The hybridization potential of the CMS of sugar beet lines of the Uman selection in the system of ecological variety testing «Betaintercross»
Authors: Trush S.H. , Parfenіuk O.O. , Balanіuk L.O. , Tatarchuk V.M.
Published: January 2025

Aim. Study of the hybridization potential of CMS lines and creation of highly productive sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis. Methods. Field (experiments, phenological observations), laboratory (to determine sugar content), measuring and weighing (to determine the crop structure), statistical (mathematical processing of research results). Results. The principles of selection of parental components for the formation of experimental hybrids of sugar beets on a sterile basis in selection for heterosis have been established. It has been proved that the basic performance of CMS lines has a significant impact on their productive potential. The most high-yielding sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis (SC160836, SC160119, SC160810, SC160931, SC170529) were created using CMS lines 2101, 2119 and 2121, which were characterized by high GCA effects and SCA variances. They exceed the group standard by 6.6–15.6% and 7.8–21.3%, respectively, in terms of harvest and yield of sugar per hectare. The most productive hybrid SC160836 of TRS NSC «IА NAAS» selection, according to these indicators exceeded the standard by 15.6% and 21.3%, respectively. Conclusions. The research results indicate a significant hybridization potential of the Uman breeding CMS lines. For the genetic regulation of productivity elements of sugar beet hybrids on a sterile basis, the selection of parental components must be carried out comprehensively according to the combining ability, the level of their basic productivity and a number of other selection and genetic characteristics. The most highly productive crossing combinations were obtained on the basis of CMS lines with high specific combining ability. The best hybrids of sugar beets, formed using the appropriate CMS lines and multi-sprout pollinators of various origins, provide a guaranteed increase of 8-16% in terms of harvest and 8-21% in terms of sugar yield per hectare.
REFORMA DO ESTADO BRASILEIRO: QUAL GESTÃO PÚBLICA E PARA QUAL ESTADO?
Authors: Amaral Guilherme , Gomes Diogo Pacheco , Brasil Paula Zambelli Salgado
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Conhecer os desafios enfrentados por mães primíparas durante as primeiras Este artigo examina os diferentes modelos de Estado de Direito — liberal, social e democrático — e as respectivas abordagens de gestão administrativa, analisando as implicações das escolhas de gestão feitas pelos agentes políticos durante seus mandatos e destacando-se a influência da visão de Estado adotada pelo chefe do Poder Executivo, o "gestor público", nas ações administrativas. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica, fundado nas visões de Ferraro e Piketty, o texto aborda as interações entre Estado e Mercado, com foco nas reformas administrativas brasileiras realizadas no final do século XX, e discute como os limites normativos influenciam a gestão pública e moldam as ações estatais. Nesse contexto, é enfatizado o papel do processo interpretativo das normas, especialmente no que diz respeito ao princípio da eficiência em cada um desses modelos. Além disso, o artigo descreve as ações e metas da Reforma Administrativa ocorrida no estado brasileiro e analisa suas consequências na Administração Pública Federal, traçando paralelos entre a Reforma e os tipos de Estado (Liberal e Social). A análise se estende aos governos federais entre 2003 e 2016, caracterizando a gestão progressista e intervencionista, contrastando-a com o período pós-2016, marcado por uma abordagem mais liberal e de Estado mínimo, intensificada entre 2019 e 2022.
Optimalisasi subsidi pupuk: Mengatasi inefisiensi biaya subsidi dan mekanisme distribusinya
Authors: Khaq M Zainul , Biswan Ali Tafriji
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan utama dalam implementasi kebijakan subsidi pupuk di Indonesia dengan fokus pada dua hipotesis utama, yaitu ketidaktepatan regulasi dalam penentuan HPP pupuk yang dapat memberatkan anggaran pemerintah dan mekanisme distribusi subsidi yang sering kali tidak tepat sasaran melalui metode kualitatif dan analisis terhadap regulasi yang ada pada Permentan 28/2020 dan hasil pemeriksaan BPK. Data dikumpulkan dari laporan resmi, regulasi pemerintah, dan penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan dalam periode 2019–2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat biaya yang tidak relevan dalam HPP subsidi pupuk, seperti gaji dan tunjangan Direksi dan Komisaris, yang seharusnya tidak dibebankan kepada anggaran subsidi. Selain itu, tiketidakvalidan data dalam e-RDKK yang menyebabkan alokasi subsidi tidak tepat sasaran, penyaluran pupuk yang sering kali melebihi kuota, serta penyalahgunaan oleh distributor dan pengecer. Selain itu, implementasi sistem digitalisasi, meskipun memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan transparansi, masih menghadapi hambatan teknis dan kurangnya pelatihan di lapangan. Dampak kebijakan ini mencakup peningkatan produktivitas pertanian, tetapi juga menciptakan ketergantungan terhadap pupuk kimia yang berpotensi menurunkan kesuburan tanah dalam jangka panjang. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peninjauan kembali komponen biaya HPP yang terdapat pada Permentan 28/2020, validasi data penerima secara berkala, diversifikasi jenis pupuk yang disubsidi, penguatan implementasi teknologi digital, dan peningkatan pengawasan distribusi untuk memastikan subsidi pupuk mencapai target yang tepat. Dengan reformasi yang terfokus, kebijakan subsidi pupuk diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat maksimal bagi petani kecil sekaligus mendukung keberlanjutan ekosistem pertanian.
A Review on Smart Specs
Authors:   Department Of Electronics and Telecommunication  Priyadarshini J.L. College Of Engineering, Nagpur, India, mane Damini
Published: January 2025

The recent study highlights the critical issue of driver drowsiness, a leading cause of road accidents resulting from fatigue. A system capable of detecting drowsiness and warning drivers at an early stage could significantly reduce the number of drowsiness-related road accidents. Drowsiness refers to a state of being sleepy or having a compelling desire to fall asleep. It is often characterized by reduced alertness, slowness, and difficulty staying awake or maintaining focus. This paper presents a literature review of driver drowsiness detection systems based on the analysis of physiological signals, facial features, driving patterns, and steering wheel monitoring. "Smart glasses," which utilize an eye blink sensor and Arduino, monitor the driver's eye movements and trigger a warning using vibrations and a loud buzzer if the driver begins to doze off.

Keywords:- : Facial features ,Eye Blink sensor, Arduino ,Vibration sensor,
Tuberculosis Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors:   Department of ISE, JNN College of Engineering., M V Anusha
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic lung disease caused by bacterial infection and remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Early and accurate detection of TB is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of complications. In this study, we propose a deep learning-based system for TB detection using chest X-ray images. The system leverages the VGG16 architecture for classification, supported by image preprocessing and data augmentation to improve model performance. The dataset comprises X-ray images categorized into TB-infected and normal cases. The VGG16 model was trained, validated, and tested to classify chest X-rays, achieving a train accuracy of 98.55%, validation accuracy of 99.75% and test accuracy of 98.73%, for TB detection. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the VGG16-based model in reliably detecting TB from chest X-rays while providing practical healthcare accessibility through the user interface. This combined approach can serve as a valuable tool in computer-aided TB diagnosis, enabling timely and accurate detection to improve patient outcomes.

Key Words: Chest X-ray Classification, Deep Learning, Medical Image Analysis, Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD), Transfer Learning, TB Diagnosis.
9 necesarios debates sobre la responsabilidad social
Authors: Lafuente Durán David , Almagro García Juan José , Ancos Franco Helena , Argandoña Ruiz Antonio , Bajo García Irene , Clavera Maestre Miwi , Cueto Cedillo Carlos , Escobar Pérez Bernabé , Miras Rodríguez María del Mar , Espinosa de los Monteros Carlos , Ferrero Romero Celia , Galán Zazo José Ignacio , González Lorente José Carlos , Montalbán Carrasco Juan Francisco , Roser Hernández Isabel , Sainz Martín Ana , Sánchez Pablo , Serón Daniel , Truran Daniel , Vázquez Orencio , Vera Villacián José María , Campuzano i Canadès Carles , Garcés Sanagustín Mario , Jáuregui Atondo Ramón , López de Uralde Garmendia Juan Antonio , Reyero Zubiri Alberto , Fernández Fernández José Luis , Fontrodona Joan , Sanz Pablo , Gimeno Beviá Jordi , López Laguna Flor M.ª , Navarro García Fernando , Ujaldón Benítez Enrique , Villoria Mendieta Manuel , Lucio Gil Antonio , Meseguer Víctor , Viñuales Edo Víctor , Conde Solé Andrés , Jaumà Jordi , Díez Almudena , Fuertes Díaz Nuria Inés
Published: January 2025

Llevamos años hablando de responsabilidad social, de compromisos, de crecimiento, de respeto, de integración ¿qué papel desarrolla hoy la responsabilidad social? ¿hablamos de una moda pasada? ¿una quimera inanimada llamada a languidecer?La presente obra es un compendio de reflexiones, análisis, puntos de vista y meditaciones en primera persona, por parte de los mejores profesionales de la responsabilidad social en nuestro país. Una obra colectiva que pretende ser punto de partida para quienes se inician en el estudio y análisis de la responsabilidad social, así como complemento a todos aquellos doctos en la materia que desean conocer las últimas tendencias y estudios de los principales protagonistas.El texto recoge la participación de los principales académicos que llevan años reflexionando sobre la materia, de políticos de diversa tendencia y orientación ideológica, de líderes empresariales y profesionales de la comunicación, de las más activas asociaciones y grupos de interés que están liderando las principales iniciativas vinculadas a la responsabilidad social, así como de los funcionarios y administraciones públicas más implicadas en su desarrollo.Las aportaciones se vertebran en torno a diez ejes de análisis, que van desde la delimitación y alcance del término hasta las líneas futuras de desarrollo, pasando por el examen de los principales ejes en los que se circunscribe: la ética y el buen gobierno, el respeto por los derechos humanos, el compromiso medioambiental, la inclusión de la ciudadanía, la necesaria comunicación o el imperativo reflejo en la cuenta de resultados.Una lectura amena y pausada que pretende poner sobre la mesa las líneas de reflexión y desafíos más actuales a los que se enfrenta la responsabilidad social en nuestros días y a los que se enfrentará en un futuro próximo.
Exploring the Implementation of Augmented Reality in Indonesia Elementary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Susanti Susanti , Maftuh Bunyamin , Dwiputra Dimas Febriansyah Krisna
Published: January 2025

The swift advancement of technology has not only become an integral part of the reality of the 21st century but has also emerged as the primary catalyst for substantial transformations and disruptions across diverse facets of society, notably within the realm of education. Previous studies indicate that augmented reality, as a result of technological advancements, holds the potential to enhance the quality of the education system by fostering interactive learning. Nevertheless, there is a lack of in-depth and comprehensive research on the application of augmented reality in elementary schools. Hence, this study aims to analyze existing research about integrating augmented reality in elementary school education, assess its impact on learning outcomes, and identify potential implementation challenges. This research followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and used Scopus and ERIC as the primary databases for collecting data. Of the 637 data relevant to the search query, only 35 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These articles were further analyzed through meta-synthesis techniques. Based on a systematic literature review conducted on the use of augmented reality technology in Indonesian elementary schools, the study revealed the following key findings: Firstly, the development of augmented reality technology exhibits fluctuations. Secondly, the application of augmented reality utilizes existing media and creates new media. Thirdly, its implementation in the educational context yields various positive learning outcomes. Fourthly, challenges arise in terms of the underdeveloped augmented reality media and limited application in one subject area. as well as the preparedness of teachers and students to adopt augmented reality technology. These findings emphasize the critical considerations for future research endeavours in this issue. Despite the potential benefits, further research is needed to implement augmented reality, specifically cultivating 21st-century skills and addressing identified challenges within Indonesian elementary schools.
The Interplay between Sports and Health: Insights from a Student Survey
Authors: Pelushi Marlind , Rumano Merita
Published: January 2025

Physical activity is widely acknowledged as a cornerstone of good health, yet its prevalence and impact on the well-being of students remain underexplored. This study delves into the intricate relationship between sports participation and health outcomes among a cohort of students, drawing insights from comprehensive survey data. The findings reveal a concerning trend: nearly half (49.5%) of the surveyed students abstain from engaging in physical activity, reflecting a significant portion of the population potentially at risk of compromised health. Among those who do participate, opinions diverge, with 24.9% considering their level of activity sufficient, while 25.5% perceive it as inadequate. This dichotomy underscores the subjective nature of perceived physical fitness levels and highlights the need for tailored interventions to address individual needs. Analyzing leisure-time activities provides valuable insights into the preferences and priorities of students. Despite the myriad options available, only a modest proportion (26.8%) partake in sports, indicating a potential disconnect between the perceived importance of physical activity and its actual integration into daily routines. Encouragingly, hiking emerges as a popular alternative, with 25.5% of students opting for outdoor recreational pursuits. However, concerns arise regarding sedentary behaviors, as significant portions of students spend leisure time on activities such as computer usage (14.2%) and television viewing (5.5%). In conclusion, this study underscores the imperative of promoting physical activity and cultivating healthy lifestyle habits among students. By addressing barriers to sports participation, tailoring interventions to individual needs, and fostering a culture of active living, educational institutions and health policymakers can significantly enhance the overall well-being and health outcomes of student populations.
Philosophical Analysis of the Interaction of Language and Culture
Authors: Yergeshov Yerzhan , Bissenbayeva Zhanat
Published: January 2025

In this article, the author examines one of the most pressing problems - the relationship between language and culture, analyzes various approaches to solving this problem, touches on the ambiguous concept of speech culture and norms as one of the components of national culture, dwelling in detail on the consideration of "language as a means of cultural transmission", focusing on the undoubted importance of language as a specific the way culture exists, the factor of formation of cultural codes. The article deals with the problem of the relationship between language and culture. The author traces the development of Humboldt's most productive ideas in research on linguoculturology, which is closely related to cognitology, ethnolinguistics, and pragmalinguistics. The theoretical foundations of the linguistic and cultural approach to the study of linguistic units and speech formations are revealed. The article describes the philosophy of poststructuralism, its prerequisites, the main features of this philosophical trend, the peculiarities of the views of various representatives of poststructuralism on the relationship between language and culture.
Ethnocentrism and Motivation in Bilingual Students’ Language Learning: A Study on the Ideal and Ought to L2-Self Constructs
Authors:   Urmia University, Mollahossein Hassan , Sadeghi Karim ,   Dhofar University
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the relationship between ethnocentrism and motivation in language learning, focusing on the Ideal L2-Self and Ought to L2-Self constructs of the L2 Motivational Self System. Additionally, the study examined the potential moderating effect of gender on the relationships between ethnocentrism and both the Ideal L2-Self and Ought to L2-Self constructs. The study included 113 students. Two questionnaires were used to collect data: an ethnocentrism questionnaire and a questionnaire assessing the Ideal L2-Self and Ought to L2-Self constructs. The results revealed a negative correlation between ethnocentrism and the Ideal L2-Self construct, indicating that as ethnocentrism increased, learners’ ideal selves in terms of language ability and future language use decreased. However, no significant relationship was found between ethnocentrism and the Ought to L2-Self construct. Furthermore, the influence of gender was not significant in moderating the relationship between ethnocentrism and the Ideal L2-Self or between ethnocentrism and the Ought to L2-Self construct. The research emphasizes the importance of tackling ethnocentrism in language learning settings and advocates for promoting intercultural understanding in language education. The study’s implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are provided.
Does Reading Performance Vary According to Available Working Memory Capacity and Syntactic Parsing Skills?
Authors:   University of Isfahan, Mahshanian Amir , Shahnazari Mohammadtaghi ,   University of Isfahan, Moinzadeh Ahmad ,   University of Isfahan
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationships among working memory (WM), syntactic parsing ability (SP), and L2 reading performance across varying proficiency levels. A cohort of 120 L1-Persian EFL learners was categorized into beginner, intermediate, and advanced proficiency groups based on their IELTS scores. Participants completed a reading span test, a sentence segmentation task, and a reading test to measure WM, SP, and L2 reading ability, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in syntactic parsing and reading abilities across proficiency levels, with advanced learners outperforming their intermediate and beginner counterparts. Moreover, significant relationships were identified between WM, SP, and L2 reading performance among participants in the beginner group, while such relationships were not observed in the intermediate and advanced groups. Additionally, the results identified SP as a robust predictor of L2 reading performance, specifically within the beginner proficiency level, suggesting that syntactic parsing abilities substantially contribute to variations in L2 reading outcomes at this proficiency level. Focusing on the intricate interplay between cognitive resources and reading processes, these findings underscore the essential role of syntactic parsing in enhancing L2 reading comprehension among beginner learners, highlighting the necessity for targeted instructional strategies to support the development of these skills.
Contextualising dialogic teaching through educational design research: Evolving teaching principles with EFL teachers and students
Authors:   University of Wollongong, Wotring Anthony
Published: January 2025

The adoption of innovative pedagogy without clear guidance in adapting teaching approaches to English language teaching contexts has led to disconnects in meeting students’ and teachers’ classroom talk needs. One such innovation, the dialogic teaching approach, centres a principled conception of classroom talk to enhance pedagogical practice. Recently, English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and researchers have implemented the dialogic teaching approach to address the limited quality of classroom talk. However, emergent findings have yielded mixed results (e.g., inconsistent improvements in teacher questioning and meagre changes to student response quality). These marginal successes may result from teachers and researchers seeking to adopt the approach’s descriptive and idealised principles without adequately addressing classroom realities. This paper explores an educational design research project that sought EFL teachers’ and students’ feedback in adapting dialogic teaching principles within a South Korean university’s EFL curriculum. This project intended to yield a prescriptive design framework to enable the contextualising of dialogic teaching for EFL instruction. Grounded in a hybrid deductive and inductive analysis of this project’s empirical evidence, the present paper’s findings offer researchers and teachers an evolved understanding of dialogic teaching, its utility in EFL teaching, and how pedagogic innovation may be implemented dialogically.
Students’ and Teachers’ Attitudes Towards CLIL in the Interdisciplinary Study Program English in Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Ellederová Eva , Denysenko Valeriia ,   Brno University of Technology
Published: January 2025

This study examines the attitudes of teachers and students towards the implementation of content and language integrated learning (CLIL) in the interdisciplinary study program English in Electrical Engineering and Informatics at Brno University of Technology (BUT). It aims to explore the benefits, challenges, and strategies for CLIL in the linguistics and engineering study program. Two questionnaires were administered to 39 students and 15 technical subject teachers, focusing on their language levels, preferences, and experiences in learning and teaching technical subjects in English. Research results revealed positive perceptions among both groups regarding the development of language skills and subject knowledge, underscoring the importance of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in science and technology, enabling professionals from diverse linguistic backgrounds to collaborate and share findings effectively. Students highlighted the need for flexible instructional approaches to accommodate diverse learning preferences, and teachers emphasized the necessity of meticulous planning and consistent practice. Challenges identified included language barriers for both students and teachers, which can impede effective learning and teaching. The study draws attention to the need for heightened awareness of ELF of science and technology, recommending refined instructional approaches and enhanced support mechanisms to overcome language challenges and optimize CLIL implementation in engineering education.
The Role of Podcast Creation in Supporting Motivation and Self-Directed Learning Among EFL College Students: An Action Research Study
Authors:   Fu Jen Catholic University, Yang Pei-Ling
Published: January 2025

This study explores how learner-generated podcasts can support English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning among college students in Taiwan. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 31 participants through surveys on podcasting attitudes, learning logs, and reflective essays. The findings reveal that EFL learners generally perceive podcast creation positively, viewing it as a valuable tool for self-directed learning. Key benefits reported include increased motivation, self-confidence, enjoyment, improved metacognitive strategies, enhanced language production skills, and greater technological competencies. Furthermore, the study suggests that using themes aligned with learners’ academic subjects and personal interests can deepen their engagement with language learning. These insights provide practical recommendations for educators aiming to integrate learner-generated podcasts to promote autonomous learning and foster positive attitudes and motivation in EFL college contexts.
From Academic Text to Talk-Show: Deepening Engagement and Understanding with Google NotebookLM
Authors:   SEAMEO RELC, Yeo Marie Alina , Moorhouse Benjamin Luke ,   City University of Hong Kong, Wan Yuwei ,   Hong Kong Baptist University
Published: January 2025

This paper looks at Google’s NotebookLM, an AI-powered research assistant tool that can represent dense academic content in a range of output modes, like FAQs, timelines, study guides, and, most uniquely, as “Deep Dive” discussions. The discussions mimic a talk-show, where two AI-hosts unpack complex ideas from reading or audio texts, for example, a journal article or lecture, connecting them with related ideas. The talk-show format provides a relaxed, low-pressure way for learners to grasp key concepts. NotebookLM is especially helpful for those who may find academic reading overwhelming, as it transforms the reading process into a more enjoyable, multimodal experience. The paper describes and evaluates the discussion generation function in relation to principles of second language and digital learning. Overall, NotebookLM shows promise in helping learners to understand and engage with academic content more deeply and may be especially valuable for second language learners in English Medium Instruction (EMI) or bilingual education contexts which emphasize content development alongside language learning. However, the tendency of the AI-hosts to extract, embellish and augment the content may lead to misrepresentation of the original source text, raising epistemological concerns about the spread of misinformation.
Innovation in Learning-Oriented Language Assessment (Book Review)
Authors:   Iowa State University, Susanto Andrias
Published: January 2025

Language assessments can have a wide range of purposes and uses, ranging from high-stakes university entrance exams to classroom-based assessments used to monitor and provide feedback to learners. This last grouping of assessments, often referred to as formative or learning-oriented assessment, not only provides teachers important information about students’ progress, but it also provides learners a platform to learn and grow as a result of the assessment process itself (Turner & Purpura, 2016). There has been a wide range of literature published on formative and learning-oriented assessment over the past two decades, including book-length treatments (Gebril, 2021), but little has been written on the practical approaches in relation to teacher education, particularly in adapting assessment practices to keep pace with evolving technology. This is important to address due to changes in classroom formats, with online, asynchronous, hybrid, and flipped classes becoming more common. Sin Wang Chong and Hayo Reinders address this gap in their recent edited volume Innovation in Learning-Oriented Language Assessment. This book explores recent trends in this approach by discussing assessment practices from a wide range of international teachers and researchers from Brazil, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Turkey, and the UK. [First Paragraph]
Periodismo performativo, aportaciones a la crisis de relato de los museos: el caso del Museo Marítimo de Mallorca en el barrio pesquero del Molinar
Authors: Gayà Morlà Catalina , Seró Moreno Laia , Garde Cano Cristina , Vidal Castell David
Published: January 2025

En un contexto de crisis de relato de instituciones culturales como los museos, el periodismo performativo (PPF) actúa como una metodología que impugna aquellos relatos de dominación que se siguen reproduciendo, pero que necesitan una revisión urgente. El texto expone que la vinculación de una institución museística con la acción comunicativa que posibilita el PPF posiciona la primera ya no solo como un agente de salvaguarda del patrimonio inmaterial, sino también como un agente que reconoce que el relato cultural es una acción política para la transformación. Por ello, en la primera parte se argumenta cómo el PPF — como una actividad con enfoque etnográfico— funge como mediación para la restitución de la memoria colectiva mediante la articulación de memoria y prácticas comunitarias. En la segunda parte se exponen los resultados de una experiencia pionera de PPF vinculada a la acción de un museo, el Museo Marítimo de Mallorca (MMM). En la conclusión se resumen las aportaciones del PPF para hacer frente a la crisis de acceso, participación y relato que afrontan los museos.
Assessment of Water Quality and Heavy Metal Contamination in River Water and Fish Species from the Bangshi River, Tangail, Bangladesh
Authors:   Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, Rehnuma Mausumi , Jui Jannatul Firdous , Hasna Jannatul , Habiba Umme , Haque Md. Anamul ,   Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
Published: January 2025

The Bangshi River flows through the industrial regions of Dhaka and Tangail, polluted by various wastes, including industrial effluents. This study assessed water quality and heavy metal concentrations in the river, focusing on two fish species, Tengra (Mystus nigriceps) and Tara baim (Macrognathus aral). Fish samples were taken from one station during the wet season, whereas water samples were taken from three stations throughout the dry season (June to August 2022) and wet season (February to May 2022). The parameters analyzed included water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), alkalinity, and the concentrations of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn). Water temperature ranged from 30.5 to 32.3°C during the wet season and 19.91 to 20.5°C in the dry season, remaining within acceptable limits. pH values were within the standard range. However, EC exceeded irrigation standards during the dry season (828 to 903 µS/cm). TDS levels were 83 to 175 ppm in the wet season and 328 to 563 ppm in the dry season, with most dry season samples exceeding fish culture limits. DO values (1.98 to 4.26 ppm) were consistently below recommended levels, while BOD (2.33 to 4.83 ppm) and alkalinity (80.7 to 382.23 ppm) surpassed permissible thresholds, particularly in the dry season. Heavy metals in water were generally within safe limits except for Pb (4.40 to 5.002 ppm). In fish, Pb concentrations exceeded permissible levels (5.35 ppm in Tengra, 4.46 ppm in Tara baim), while Cd, Cu, and Mn were within acceptable thresholds. The elevated Pb levels likely stem from effluents released by glass, textile, and paint industries. These findings highlight potential risks to human health from consuming water and fish from the Bangshi River, underscoring the urgent need for improved pollution control strategies.
A integração de abordagens qualitativas no ensino e na pesquisa em saúde a partir do pensar e escrever narrativamente sobre um caso de cuidados paliativos
Authors: Sabbag Sandra Papesky , Gallian Dante Marcello Claramonte , Passos Laurizete Ferragut
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é propor a reflexão sobre as possibilidades de integrar procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos de pesquisa narrativa (auto)biográfica, estudo de caso e pesquisa-ação existencial, com vistas ao aprofundamento do conhecimento de aspectos constitutivos da subjetividade de formadores e pesquisadores que desenvolvem abordagens qualitativas de pesquisa na área da Saúde. O método de pensar e escrever narrativamente provém de pesquisa narrativa (auto)biográfica, com base na transcrição parcial do diário de itinerância da pesquisadora principal para subsidiar a estrutura de um estudo de caso de Cuidados Paliativos (CP). Como resultado, foi elaborada uma narrativa a partir da transcrição parcial do diário de itinerância da pesquisadora para comunicar uma experiência, assim como a reflexão que suscitou no momento da sua narrativa. Na Discussão, foi destacado como o uso de narrativas pode dar maior sustentação a estudos de caso, sobretudo quando baseados em biografias, devido a presença da dimensão da temporalidade biográfica, por meio da qual as pessoas envolvidas reorganizam sua experiência de vida e atribuem sentido à sua existência. Concluiu-se que trazer as temáticas existenciais, pelo fio condutor das narrativas capazes de subsidiar os estudos de caso, podem inspirar pesquisas-ação (sobretudo, as do tipo existencial – P-AE) promotoras de transformações mútuas de pesquisadores, participantes e contextos, revelando o teor formativo dessas abordagens qualitativas de pesquisa quando utilizadas numa perspectiva integrativa, podendo influenciar positivamente também as atividades de ensino, relacionadas à Educação em Saúde.