bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El futuro de la detección: estudio de múltiples ancestros revela claves genéticas para la predicción del cáncer de próstata
Authors: Berrueto Duarte Michelle Arely
Published: April 2024

Actualmente el cáncer de próstata es la causa más frecuente de mortalidad por tumores malignos ocupando el 4to lugar de todas las enfermedades cancerígenas y el 2do más común en hombres, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). En 2020 este tipo de cáncer contaba con un porcentaje de prevalencia aproximado del 20%, que serían alrededor de 57,824 individuos; según la “American Cancer Society” en los Estados Unidos aproximadamente 1 de cada 41 hombres morirá por cáncer de próstata. Mundialmente el cáncer de próstata es el más diagnosticado en varones, pero se observó una variación en la incidencia de este tipo de cáncer en distintas poblaciones de todo el mundo. El riesgo de contraer este tipo de cáncer está directamente influenciado por factores genéticos, contando actualmente con la identificación de 278 variantes de riesgo a través de estudios de asociación de todo el genoma (GWAS), los cuales son investigaciones que tienen como finalidad la identificación de variantes genéticas asociadas con determinadas enfermedades, características o rasgos en una población.
El poder de los probióticos y prebióticos: cómo tu microbiota controla tu mente
Authors: Vargas Caraveo Alejandra
Published: April 2024

Nuestra salud está estrechamente relacionada a la microbiota, que son microorganismos que viven en nuestro cuerpo, especialmente en el intestino. Los probióticos, como los que se encuentran en el yogur, y los prebióticos, presentes en alimentos ricos en fibra, son beneficiosos para la microbiota. La diversidad de la microbiota es esencial para mantener la salud, y desequilibrios en ella se han relacionado con enfermedades metabólicas y trastornos mentales. Factores como el tipo de parto, el uso de antibióticos y la dieta pueden influir en la composición de la microbiota. La microbiota tiene un impacto significativo en la salud mental a través del eje microbiota-intestino-cerebro, lo que afecta al comportamiento y al estado de ánimo. Los probióticos y prebióticos tienen el potencial de mejorar estos aspectos, aunque la evidencia en humanos es limitada. Cuidar de nuestra microbiota implica mantener una dieta equilibrada con alimentos ricos en prebióticos y probióticos, así como considerar los factores que pueden influir en su diversidad. En resumen, la salud de nuestra mente y cuerpo está influenciada por la salud de nuestra microbiota, y debemos tomar medidas para mantenerla en equilibrio.
Suplementos utilizados en la prevención y tratamiento en el cáncer, ¿qué tan recomendables son?
Authors: Arellano Ortiz Ana Lidia
Published: April 2024

Al hablar de cáncer nos hace pensar sobre aquella enfermedad incurable y que para algunos otros es una señal de muerte. Puede sonar muy alarmante lo dicho, puesto que quien vive de cerca esta enfermedad lo puede sentir así. No obstante, el cáncer hoy en día es una enfermedad que puede ser tratable, controlable y hasta curable. Esto puede estar implicado en el tipo de cáncer, la etapa en la que se encuentra, así como el tratamiento que se le dé al paciente. Sin embargo, pacientes por medio de su desesperación y miedo, tienden a buscar otras alternativas capaces de mejorar la probabilidad de supervivencia. Así mismo, hemos visto personas a las cuales, a pesar de no tener la enfermedad, desean prevenir que se presente ya sea porque lo han vivido de cerca (familiares, amigos y conocidos) y saben que cuando llega, llega a cambiar la vida completamente.
MENTAL HEALTH SUPPORT APPLICATION BASED ON ARITIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Yelovets Oleksandr , Arzubov Mykola , Chelak Viktor , Pidbutska Nina , Panfilov Yury
Published: April 2024

The current state of human mental health is considered and its content is defined. It describes a program that you install on your gadget to stabilize your mental health. A review and comparison of existing analogues of the mental state support application was carried out, a description of the system and algorithms used to create the mental state support application: speech recognition, dynamic time transformation, artificial neural networks, hidden Markov models, the final speech recognition algorithm. Analysis of affordability is also important, because it affects the possibility of using applications by a wide range of users. a description of the system and algorithms used to create an application for mental state support is presented. The proposed technologies are intertwined with a deep understanding of the human psyche in the context of creating an application for mental stabilization. For further development, you can improve the quality of the theory presented in the application, the speed and efficiency of artificial intelligence, and also constantly add new functions to the application.
EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES OF FUTURE HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Zhushma Tetiana
Published: April 2024

The stages and peculiarities of organising a pedagogical experiment are described in the article. The criteria, indicators, and diagnostic methods for assessing the level of leadership qualities of future higher education teachers are defined. The effectiveness of the developed pedagogical conditions for the formation of leadership qualities of future higher education teachers has been experimentally confirmed: the dynamics of changes in the levels of development of leadership qualities in students of the experimental group was more significant than in students of the control group.
PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP QUALITIES IN FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION: ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Authors: Khaziyev Arseniy
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the approaches of foreign and domestic researchers to the definition of the concepts of “leadership”, “leader”, “leadership qualities”. It is proven that scientists do not have a single point of view on the problem of leadership, that the problem of leadership is considered differently in different theories and scientific schools (in the theory of personal qualities, in the concepts of organizational behavior, in the situational theory of leadership, etc.). A list of leadership qualities with which most researchers agree is given: responsibility, initiative, high self-esteem, ability to adapt, motivation, awareness, consciousness, ability to solve problems of varying degrees of difficulty, high level of intelligence. With the help of the analysis of the achievements of foreign and domestic researchers, the leadership qualities inherent in future psychologists are outlined: responsibility, initiative, activity, communicativeness, courage, reasonable risk, developed intelligence, the desire for constant learning and self-improvement, adaptation to changes, honesty, self-confidence, optimism and reliability. The importance of the formation of leadership qualities in future psychologists during their studies in institutions of higher education and the purposeful work of pedagogues-leaders in this process is emphasized.
Development of Religious-Based Natural And Social Science (IPAS) Teaching Materials
Authors: Arofah Lailatul , Mislikhah  , Suhardi Andi
Published: April 2024

The natural and social sciences subjects which are currently called IPAS are a form of creative new curriculum in the independent curriculum, where this curriculum studies natural and social sciences which are designed into one book. Religion-based learning is learning that is integrated with religious values which aims to help students understand and apply religious aspects in their lives, as well as to deepen their understanding of religious beliefs and values. The research method used in developing natural and social science learning materials based on religion for class 4 is the Research and Development (R&D) method. The Research and Development (R&D) method is a research method used to produce certain products, to test the effectiveness of these products. This research uses the ASSURE development model which consists of Analyze learners, State Objectives, Select Strategies, methods, materials, Utilize Technology and Media, Require Learner Participation, Evaluate and Revise. The results of the module specification research show that the Islamic-based thematic module takes the form of print media. Second, namely validation, effectiveness and attractiveness. Based on design expert validation 79%, material expert validation 75%, learning expert validation 80%, based on field tests students in finding attractiveness obtained 88% results, based on the average pre-test and post-test results, namely 61.45 and 91.79 which can provide an assessment of the effectiveness of the module. Based on the results, the module created by the researcher is effective, valid and interesting.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan tentang Minum Herbal Jahe Merah untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan
Authors: Patandung Vina , Terok Kansia A. , Bawataa Aprillia , Mansuhure Sharon , Abdjul Sonia
Published: April 2024

Health education about the habit of drinking red ginger herbal medicine is relevant considering that modern society tends to face stress and unhealthy lifestyles. By understanding the benefits of ginger, it is hoped that people can integrate red ginger drinks into their daily lifestyle. Through this health education, it is hoped that this can be a real step in increasing public awareness of the importance of adopting the habit of drinking red ginger herbal medicine as an integral part of efforts to prevent disease and maintain health. Health education activities regarding the habit of drinking red ginger herbal medicine to improve health will be carried out in November 2023 in the community of Kolongan Village, Central Tomohon District, Tomohon City using a partnership method with the community. The service team provides education about the benefits of drinking red ginger herbal habits to improve health. Total participants were 50 people. After the evaluation was carried out, the majority of community members understood the benefits of red ginger for health and were able to process red ginger as a herbal medicine to treat disease and improve health, and the majority of community members who had gardens at home had planted red ginger. The results of this community service increase residents' knowledge and understanding about the habit of drinking red ginger herbal medicine to improve health, and people use their yards at home to plant red ginger.
 
Abstrak
Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang kebiasaan minum herbal jahe merah menjadi relevan mengingat masyarakat modern cenderung menghadapi tekanan dan pola hidup yang kurang sehat. Dengan memahami manfaat jahe, diharapkan masyarakat dapat mengintegrasikan minuman jahe merah ke dalam gaya hidup sehari-hari. Melalui penyuluhan kesehatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi langkah nyata dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya mengadopsi kebiasaan minum herbal jahe merah sebagai bagian integral dari upaya pencegahan penyakit dan pemeliharaan kesehatan. Kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang kebiasaan minum herbal jahe merah untuk meningkatkan kesehatan dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023 pada masyarakat Kelurahan Kolongan, Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah, Kota Tomohon dengan metode kemitraan dengan masyarakat. Tim pengabdi melakukan penyuluhan tentang manfaat kebiasaan minum herbal jahe merah untuk meningkatkan kesehatan. Total peserta 50 orang. Setelah dilakukan evaluasi, mayoritas warga masyarakat telah memahami manfaat jahe merah bagi kesehatan dan dapat mengolah jahe merah sebagai herbal untuk mengobati penyakit maupun untuk meningkatkan kesehatan, serta mayoritas warga masyarakat yang memiliki pekarangan di rumah telah menanam jahe merah. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman warga tentang kebiasaan minum herbal jahe merah untuk meningkatkan kesehatan, serta masyarakat memanfaatkan pekarangan di rumah untuk menanam jahe merah.
Blended Learning for Aviation School
Authors: Sylvia Tiara , Rochmawati Laila , Diriyanti Novalina Susi
Published: April 2024

Blended learning has been identified as a highly promising instructional approach within vocational education institutions. The objective of this study is to examine the disparities in speaking skills learning strategies between traditional (face-to-face) instruction and blended learning. Additionally, the study seeks to ascertain the impact of these learning strategies on students' speaking abilities in both traditional and blended learning environments. The present study employs a quantitative research approach, utilizing an experimental design. The sample for this study comprised 120 cadets, with 24 cadets representing the Medan Aviation Polytechnic and 96 cadets representing the Surabaya Aviation Polytechnic. The results of this study suggest that the mere adoption of technology and the removal of the traditional classroom setting do not suffice in establishing an optimal learning environment for individuals learning a second or foreign language. Nevertheless, there exists a considerable opportunity to amalgamate conventional educational settings with contemporary technological advancements in order to enhance students' academic achievements across various abilities and sub-skills, with a particular emphasis on oral communication proficiency. Based on the results obtained from the study, it is possible to draw the following conclusions: 1) A statistically significant disparity exists in the proficiency of English speaking skills when employing the blended learning approach. 2) A statistically significant discrepancy is observed in the proficiency of English speaking skills for the experimental group, thereby corroborating the efficacy of post-implementation learning strategies.
A Sociocultural Analysis of Teachers’ Belief Changes: A Case of Two Teach-Abroad EFL Teachers
Authors: Sahiruddin Sahiruddin , Arifani Yudhi , Anyanwu Clinton Chidiebere , Suryanto Jati
Published: April 2024

This inquiry explores English foreign language (EFL) teacher beliefs in teach-abroad (TA) contexts under the umbrella of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory (SCT) of mind. The previously available literature on teacher beliefs has relied mostly on quantitative survey research concerning belief as an inert variable; an internal representation of experience is resilient to evolve. Due to the prevalence of the theory of mind or cognitive orientation under the sociocultural theory, this case study aims to examine two TA EFL teachers’ belief changes in the new TA context and conceptualize the teachers’ beliefs from a sociocultural perspective. The participants involved EFL teachers (both pseudonyms): Ivan (male, aged 26) and Melanie (female, aged 24) attending different types of TA were recruited for this research. We collected the data through pre-and post-TA interviews and teaching journals with other triangulated methods like teaching autobiographies and recall experiences. The findings advocated that EFL teachers’ teaching beliefs continuously evolve according to their TA goals and experiences, and their belief changes involve a remediation process that leads to different teaching actions. Their internalized EFL teaching beliefs within meaningful environments influence the success of their TA teaching.
Sustainable Challenges: Community Response to the Policy Restricting the Use of Plastic Shopping Bags in Jambi City
Authors: Fadillah Nisaul , Reza Muhammad , Ardi Unggul  Suryo
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the issue of plastic waste in Jambi City by exploring the cognitive (knowledge), affective (emotional support), and conative (attitudinal support) aspects of the community towards the policy of restricting the use of plastic shopping bags. Through a survey method involving 86 respondents from the community of Jambi City, the study evaluates the people's understanding of plastic waste and the level of emotional support for plastic reduction policies and attitudes towards reducing plastic waste. The research reveals a high level of knowledge (77.78%) and significant emotional support (71.05%) for the policy of limiting plastic use in Kota Jambi, while attitudinal support for reducing plastic waste is also high (74.96%). These findings underscore the importance of community awareness and support for measures to reduce single-use plastic consumption, along with significant implications for waste management and environmental conservation in Kota Jambi.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND TRAINING TO BEHAVIOR BASE SAFETY IN HEALTH PERSONNEL IN X HOSPITAL
Authors: Dewi Anggreini Beta Citra , Rachmawati Siti , Firmansyah Fathoni , Wardani Aurina Firda Kusuma , Nafilah Nafilah
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Penyebab kecelakaan kerja didominasi dari perilaku tidak aman pekerja. Terbentuknya perilaku tidak aman karena ketidaktahuan, ketidakmauan dan ketidakmampuan tenaga kerja untuk berperilaku aman. Perilaku aman terbentuk dari penerapan program K3 yang dibuat perusahaan dan budaya K3 yang menjadi kebiasaan setiap pekerja. Behavior-Based Safety adalah suatu pendekatan dalam mencegah kecelakaan kerja melalui pendekatan perubahan perilaku. Behavior-based safety merupakan cara ilmiah untuk memahami mengapa orang berperilaku seperti yang mereka lakukan dalam hal keselamatan.
Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Observasi Analitik dengan menggunakan metode Cross Sectional atau pendekatan korelasi untuk mempelajari dinamika korelasi antara faktor risiko (pelatihan, tingkat pengetahuan, pelatihan) dengan efek (Behavior Base Safety), dengan cara pendekatan, observasi stau pengumpulan data sekaligus pada suatu saat.
Hasil:  Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan Behavior Based Safety  (OR= 7.5; 95% CI 0.22-3.26; p value= 0.014). Dan terdapat hubungan  yang signifikan antara pelatihan  terhadap Behavior Based Safety  (OR= 12.5; 95% CI 0.05-0.49; p value= 0.006).
Kesimpulan: Temuan studi ini menegaskan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan Behavior Based Safety dan pelatihan dengan Behavior Based Safety.
 
Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan; Pelatihan; Behavior Base Safety
PENGARUH PAPARAN PM10 DAN KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU TERHADAP KELUHAN SUBJEKTIF ISPA PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI KAPAL PHINISI DI KAB. BULUKUMBA
Authors: Kahfi Muh , Sudarmin Ria Rezeki
Published: April 2024

Kelurahan Tanah Lemo, Kabupaten Bulukumba merupakan salah satu industri kayu terbesar. Masyarakat berprofesi sebagai pembuat kapal phinisi dengan jam kerja ± 7 jam/hari dalam 7 hari dengan risiko terpapar paparan PM 10 maka ditakutkan pekerja industry akan terpapar langsung debu PM 10 memiliki risiko terkena ISPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis antara pengaruh paparan PM 10 dan karakteristik individu dengan gejala subjektif ISPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 41 responden pekerja pembuat kapal phinisi. Instrument penelitian yakni menggunakan Hazard-Dust EPAM 5000 untuk mengukur paparan PM10, kuisioner dan lembar observasi untuk penilaian karakteristik individu dan gejala subjektif ISPA. Analisis data dengan menggunakan SPPS versi 23 dan AMOS dan analisis data dilakukan dengan uji bivariat rank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar PM10 yang berada diarea kerja industri phinisi tidak memenuhi syarat karena melebihi NAB yang harusnya < 0,015 mg/m3. Paparan PM10 dengan gejala ISPA menunjukan hasil yang signifikan dengan p-value = 0,001 dan nilai r = 0,514. Untuk karakterisktik individu yang terdiri dari penggunaan masker dan prilaku meroko signifkan dengan gejala ISPA dengan p-value = 0,012 dan 0,028, namun untuk usia tidak signifikan dengan p-value = 0,209.  kebanyakan pekerja berisiko untuk terkena infeksi saluran pernafasan akut hal ini disebabkan jumlah yang mengalami keluhan serta gaya hidup dan lama paparan yang dialami pekerja sehingga diperlukan pengendalian dengan senantiasa menggunakan masker disetiap bekerja untuk mengurangi risiko ISPA. Kata Kunci: Particulate Matter; PM10; ISPA; Industri kapal.
Dossier: antropología (audio)visual de lo analógico alo digital: prácticas etnográficas y estrategias teóricometodológicascon/a través de imágenes
Authors: Nakaóka Elias Alexsânder , Balbé Wanda , Castro-Pérez Raul
Published: April 2024

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Entre la «viuda ideal» y la «viuda real»
Authors: Huamán Durand Rubí
Published: April 2024

The topic of the widow in literature and in the Peruvian press of the nineteenth century has not been the subject of study, although it is of great importance to understand the historical development of female representations. For this reason, the present research has the purpose of approaching the construction of the figure of widows in a publication of the Cuzco newspaper El Recreo (1876-1877). It is intended to demonstrate that the article «La viuda» (1876) by Ramón Matto is linked to the Judeo-Christian and Spanish tradition that criticizes widows' remarriage and, in this way, perpetuates a stereotypical view of this female group.
Evaluation of two instrumentation techniques and obturation methods in mandibular first premolar C- shaped canals by Micro-CT
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhang Yimeng , Shi Jiayi , Wang Li , Qi Xuekai , Zou Duohong , Pan Yihuai
Published: April 2024

Aim
To investigate the effect of instrumentation using Protaper Next (PN, Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and Waveone Gold (WG, Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) systems on the area of untouched surface (US), accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD), and the filling ability of two obturation techniques on the percentage of void within C-shaped root canals of mandibular first premolars.
Methodology:
64 mandibular first premolars with C-shaped canals were scanned, matched and assigned to 2 shaping groups (n = 32): PN and WG. Following instrumentation, specimens were randomly assigned into two obturation subgroups (n = 16): continuous wave compaction (CWC) and single-cone (SC) techniques. The US% and AHTD% after instrumentation and the vol% of void after obturation were calculated from micro-computed tomography. Data were analyzed using comparisons for two groups (PN vs WG) or two subgroups (CWC vs SC) at α = 0.05.
Results
For PN and WG, 18.75% and 22.69%, respectively, of the canal wall remained untouched (p > 0.05). For both groups, the apical third had higher US% than the coronal third (p < 0.05). Instrumentation with WG left more debris (26.48%) than PN (8.36%) in the apical 1-3mm (p < 0.05). In PN and WG group, the vol% of void had no significant difference between the CWC and SC subgroups(p > 0.05). The apical region had significantly more voids than the coronal region of the canal space in the two obturation subgroups regardless of which system was applied (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Both PN and WG systems were associated with similar US after instrumenting C-shaped canals of the mandibular first premolar. WG left significantly more AHTD compared with PN in the apical region. In PN or WG group, SC yielded similar obturation quality when compared with CWC. Both CWC and SC obturation techniques provided poorer filling quality in the apical region than in the coronal region.
Clinical Significance:
Micro-CT evaluation of the PN and WG shaping C-shaped canals in mandibular first premolars showed similar effects on the percentages of untouched canal wall. The PN produced less hard tissue debris in the apical regions compared with the WG. The SC yielded similar obturation quality compared with the CWC.
Septic Abortion at 17 Weeks Gestation After Radical Trachelectomy and Transabdominal Cerclage: A Case Report
Authors: McNamee Lisa , Amir Sharon , Lau Kiger
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Septic abortion can lead to severe maternal morbidity and mortality. The management of septic abortion can be complicated by a history of radical trachelectomy and transabdominal cerclage placement.
Case Presentation
A 33-year-old G1P0 at 17 weeks and 6 days gestation presented in severe septic shock after being diagnosed with previable rupture of membranes 6 days prior. Her history was notable for cervical adenocarcinoma status post radical trachelectomy and transabdominal cerclage placement. Due to uterine occlusion from the cerclage, she underwent emergent uterine evacuation via an abdominal approach.
Conclusions
The risks and benefits of expectant management of pre-viable rupture of membranes in patients with abdominal cerclage should be weighed very cautiously. Among women with abdominal cerclage for whom uterine evacuation is indicated, a transabdominal approach may be necessary.
Smart Furniture Using Radar Technology for Cardiac Health Monitoring
Authors: Gharamohammadi Ali , Bagheri Mohammad Omid , Abu-Sardanah Serene , Riad Michael M. Y. R. , Abedi Hajar , Ansariyan Ahmad , Wang Kang , Saragadam Ashish , Chumachenko Dmytro , Abhari Shahabeddin , Morita Plinio Pelegrini , Khajepour Amir , Shaker George
Published: April 2024

The integration of radar technology into smart furniture represents a practical approach to health monitoring, circumventing the concerns regarding user convenience and privacy often encountered by conventional smart home systems. Radar technology's inherent non-contact methodology, privacy-preserving features, adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, and high precision characteristics collectively establish it a compelling alternative for comprehensive health monitoring within domestic environments. In this paper, we introduce a mm-wave radar system positioned strategically behind a seat, featuring an algorithm capable of identifying unique cardiac waveform patterns for healthy subjects. These patterns are characterized by two peaks followed by a valley in each cycle, which can be correlated to ECG, enabling effective cardiac waveform monitoring. The provided algorithm excels in discerning variations in heart patterns, particularly in individuals with prolonged corrected QT intervals, by minimizing high frequency breathing interference and ensuring accurate pattern recognition. Additionally, this paper addresses the influence of body movements in seated individuals, conducting a comprehensive study on heart rate variability and estimation. Experiment results demonstrate a maximum heart rate variability error of 30 milliseconds and an average relative error of 4.8% in heart rate estimation, showcasing the efficacy of the proposed method utilizing variational mode decomposition and a multi-bin approach.
Determinants of Vaccination Coverage Among Refugee Children Aged 12-59 Months in Kyangwali Refugee Settlement in Uganda
Authors: Wesley Steven , Rabbanie Tariq
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Forced displacement is a global issue that leads to challenges like limited healthcare and low vaccination rates, particularly for children. Despite the significant impact on health outcomes, research on vaccination coverage among refugee children in Uganda is lacking. This study aimed to bridge this gap by determining factors associated with full vaccination among refugee children aged 12 to 59 months.
Method: The study was conducted in Kyangwali refugee settlement. This unmatched case-control design included 140 fully vaccinated cases and 280 controls. Data was collected from 14 randomly selected villages. Analysis was performed, and summary tables with counts and percentages were used for univariate analysis. Bivariate analysis was conducted to attain odds ratios. Factors associated with full vaccination were determined in multivariable analysis using logistic regression. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant, and collinearity was assessed using 0.4 cutoff.
Results: Out of 420 participants, 58.6% were below 30 years old, 85.6% were from DR Congo, and 26.7% were not educated. Among index children, 84.8% were females, 45.5% aged 36-59 months, and 33.3% were fully vaccinated, with 39.1% being males. Factors associated with full vaccination included DR Congo origin (AOR: 2.15, CI: 1.08-4.28), high parental knowledge (AOR: 2.96, CI: 1.5-5.79), and receiving vaccine information from community health workers (AOR: 2.48, CI: 1.58-3.88). Proximity to health facilities also mattered, with those within 5 km having nearly 2 times higher odds of full vaccination (AOR: 1.94, CI: 1.2-3.09) than those beyond 5 km.
Conclusion: This study highlights a substantial gap in childhood vaccination within Kyangwali refugee settlements, with only 33.3% of children below 5 fully vaccinated. Significant associations with full vaccination included Congolese origin, high parental knowledge, and receiving vaccine information from community health workers. Proximity to health facilities also played a crucial role, with those within 5 km exhibiting nearly 2 times higher odds of full vaccination.
Association between Serum Copper, Copper/Selenium Ratio and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Smokers and Non-smokers: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2011-2016
Authors: Yang Jie , Guo Jun , Wang Jinghua , Liu Wei , Kang Yingjie , Li Zhi
Published: April 2024

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent condition characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. It ranks as the primary cause of adult mortality globally, entailing substantial economic costs. Numerous studies indicate a linkage between serum copper(Cu), copper-selenium ratio(Cu/Se-ratio), and diverse diseases. However, the relationships between serum Cu, Cu/Se-ratio, and COPD among smokers and non-smokers has been understudied, warranting additional investigation.
Methods
Our study was a cross-sectional analysis based on the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)data, including 5154 participants. Utilizing univariable and multivariable logistic regression, alongside restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods, we evaluated the correlation and dose-response relationships of serum Cu and Cu/Se-ratio with COPD risk, focusing on differences between smokers and non-smokers.
Results
Following adjustment for confounding factors, a positive link was identified in the general population between serum Cu (OR = 1.04; 95%CI, 1.02–1.07), Cu/Se-ratio (OR = 1.06; 95%CI, 1.02–1.09), and COPD risk. Further analysis, stratified by smoking status, showed in smokers, serum Cu (OR = 1.06; 95%CI, 1.03–1.10) and Cu/Se-ratio (OR = 1.07; 95%CI, 1.03–1.12) significantly correlated positively with COPD risk. In the non-smoking group, however, no significant links were detected between serum Cu (OR = 0.99; 95%CI, 0.94–1.04), Cu/Se-ratio (OR = 1.00; 95%CI, 0.94–1.07), and COPD risk. RCS analysis uncovered a linear relationship between serum Cu, Cu/Se-ratio, and COPD risk across both the general populace and smokers.
Conclusion
Data analysis from the 2011–2016 NHANES indicates a positive correlation between elevated serum Cu levels, Cu/Se-ratios, and COPD risk in smokers.
Prevalence and risk factors of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in 470 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: He Xiaofeng , Wang Weijie , Liang Lichan , Liao Xiaomei , Huang Jiayin , Zhang Jing , Shi Lei
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To comprehensively assess the prevalence and risk factors of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in 470 children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China, and to gain a better understanding of the treatment-related risk factors.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 470 children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China between January 2020 and July 2022 were included. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status, disease and treatment history, blood biochemistry, and microbiological factors were gathered using electronic medical records, alongside oral and dietary information collected through field investigations and telephone follow-ups. The association between chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis and these variables was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic analyses.
Results: The study found a high prevalence (45.1%) of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The occurrence of oral mucositis was associated with several factors, including receiving more than five chemotherapy cycles (P<0.001), carrying HSV-1(P=0.016), being infected with Candida albicans(P=0.012), undergoing chemotherapy with specific drugs containing methotrexate/daunorubicin/cytarabine(P<0.001), having a high clinical risk stratification(P=0.002), and being over 6 years old(P=0.002).
Conclusion: The study suggests that the prevalence of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is relatively high. It emphasizes the importance of clinical medical staff paying attention to this issue and adopting targeted interventions to reduce the prevalence of oral mucositis in this patient population.
Training Robust T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Liver Segmentation Models Using Ensembles of Datasets with Different Contrast Protocols and Liver Disease Etiologies
Authors: Patel Nihil , Eltaher Mohamed , Glenn Rachel , Savannah Kari Brewer , Brock Kristy , Sanchez Jessica , Calderone Tiffany , Cleere Darrel , Elsaiey Ahmed , Cagley Matthew , Gupta Nakul , Victor David , Beretta Laura , Celaya Adrian , Koay Eugene , Netherton Tucker , Fuentes David
Published: April 2024

Image segmentation of the liver is an important step in several treatments for liver cancer. However, manual segmentation at a large scale is not practical, leading to increasing reliance on deep learning models to automatically segment the liver. This manuscript develops a deep learning model to segment the liver on T1w MR images. We sought to determine the best architecture by training, validating, and testing three different deep learning architectures using a total of 819 T1w MR images gathered from six different datasets, both publicly and internally available. Our experiments compared each architecture’s testing performance when trained on data from the same dataset via 5-fold cross validation to its testing performance when trained on all other datasets. Models trained using nnUNet achieved mean Dice-Sorensen similarity coefficients > 90% when tested on each of the six datasets individually. The performance of these models suggests that an nnUNet liver segmentation model trained on a large and diverse collection of T1w MR images would be robust to potential changes in contrast protocol and disease etiology.
Family-Related Factors Influencing Resilience of Korean Adolescents and Young Adults with Childhood Cancer: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Son Heeyeon , Han Jung Woo , Hong Sungsil
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Resilience is considered an essential component of the successful recovery of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) from childhood cancer. Factors that affect resilience have been studied in various ways, but family-related factors in Korean AYAs with cancer have received insufficient attention. Families will likely play an important role in acquiring and maintaining resilience. This study aimed to identify family-related variables, such as parent-child communication, family strengths, and family support, that might influence the resilience of Korean AYAs with cancer.
Methods
This study recruited 141 Korean AYAs with cancer aged 11–26 years. Data were collected using online and offline questionnaires between June 2019 and January 2021. Family-related variables were examined as suggested by the Resilience in Illness Model. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression.
Results
Resilience was positively correlated with all variables. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, higher levels of family strengths (β = .202, p = .039) and stronger family support (β = .456, p < .001) were associated with higher levels of resilience, with an explanatory power of 40.3% (F = 19.533, p < .001) after controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics.
Conclusion
The findings support the contribution of family strengths and support to the resilience of Korean AYAs. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm family strengths and support as predictors while considering other relevant variables. Also, we suggest that family-centered programs include actively encourage family members’ participation in supporting AYAs by reflecting on family dynamics.
Push-pull effects of basal ganglia network in Parkinson’s disease inferred by functional MRI
Authors: Liu Chen , Wang Yuxin , Jiang Zhiqi , Chu Chunguang , Zhang Zhen , Wang Jiang , Li Dianyou , He Naying , Fietkiewicz Chris , Zhou Changsong , Kaiser Marcus , Bai Xuze , Zhang Chencheng
Published: April 2024

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has the potential to ameliorate the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease, such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. However, the precise therapeutic mechanism underlying DBS in Parkinson’s disease remains inadequately comprehended, impeding the advancement of personalized DBS treatments. This study introduces a bio-inspired multi-scale brain model driven by blood oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signals to explore the neural mechanisms underlying DBS effects on Parkinson’s disease. The model integrates microscopic neural dynamics with macroscopic brain function, utilizes functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data to uncover the neural basis behind observed brain functional changes. The experiments include 27 Parkinson’s disease patients and 30 healthy controls. Each Parkinson’s disease patient has been conducted DBS surgery targeted on subthalamic nucleus (STN), and the fMRI data are recorded both during DBS-ON and DBS-OFF conditions. Based on our proposed model structure, we fit all the free coupling parameters within the microscopic cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuit (CBTC) to match the subject-specific functional connectivity matrix calculated from the fMRI data of each subject. After model validation, we further conduct a three-step deep exploration based on it. Firstly, it is found that an increase in GABAergic transmission into the thalamus has been associated with the exacerbation of rigidity symptom (p = 0.005**), whereas a reduction in GABAergic projections from interneurons within the cortex to pyramidal neurons has been correlated with an elevation in the severity of bradykinesia (p = 0.023*), indicating a “push” effect in the CBTC to impel the symptom-specific coupling intensity to an abnormal state. Secondly, the elevation of GABAergic signaling from the external globus pallidus to the internal globus pallidus indicate a strong correlation with the amelioration of rigidity symptom (p = 0.026*), while the attenuation of excitatory cortical projections to the STN is significantly associated with the remediation of bradykinesia (p = 0.048*). Lastly, the disparity in coupling strength pre- and post-DBS activation is underscored, implying synaptic coupling alterations found in the second step are induced by STN-DBS, which may reveal DBS has the ability to “pull” abnormal network back to a healthy functional state by the directly or indirectly restoration of the loop synaptic characteristics, therefore, normalizing these synaptic couplings. This work provides a promising approach to explore the intrinsic micro-regulatory mechanisms of DBS by interpreting the macroscopic fMRI information, offering new insights into the “push-pull” network dynamics of the CBTC and their implications for motor symptom-specific changes and treatments in Parkinson’s disease.
Maid gene dysfunction promotes hyperobesity via the reduction of anti-inflammatory macrophages in Mc4r gene-deficient mice
Authors: Koyama Kyutaro , Sakamaki Akira , Morita Shinichi , Nagayama Itsuo , Kudo Marina , Tanaka Yuto , Kimura Naruhiro , Arao Yoshihisa , Abe Hiroyuki , Kamimura Kenya , Terai Shuji
Published: April 2024

The onset and progression mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are being studied. We developed and analyzed a new mouse model of obesity by combining maternal Id-like molecule (Maid) and melanocortin-4 receptor (Mc4r) gene deletions. Eight female mice were analyzed for each genotype: Mc4r gene knockout, combined Mc4r and Maid gene knockout, and Mc4r gene knockout with a high-fat diet. Mice with a combined deficiency of Mc4r and Maid gene showed significantly more severe obesity, but no liver fibrosis or a decline in metabolic status were observed. In visceral white adipose tissue, the mice had fewer M1 inflammatory macrophages and lower mRNA expression of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the mice showed lower expression of adipocytokines in visceral white adipose tissue and uncoupling protein-1 in scapular brown adipose tissue, both of which involved in sympathetic nerve signaling. Maid and Mc4r gene-deficient mice are a useful new model of MASLD with hyperobesity and less adipose tissue inflammation for studying the mechanism of MASH progression.
Heat–fluid–solid-coupled model of flue gas displacement CH 4 in coal seams and application
Authors: bai Gang , Wang Xuepeng , Wang Jue , Xin Tianyu , Liu Zhengdong , Wei Jie , Fan Chaojun , Zhou Xihua
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of injecting flue gas (CO2, N2, and O2) originating from coal-fired power plants into a coal seam on CH4 extraction and CO2 geological storage. To this end, a multifield thermal–fluid–solid-coupled mathematical model of flue gas injection extraction was established. The results showed that with the time increase, the volume concentration of CH4 decreased, but the CO2, N2, and O2 increased. Compare with single extraction the gas injection extraction brought about a significant reduction in the pressure and content of the CH4, an increase in the CH4 extraction rate, and an increase in the effective radius of CH4 extraction. In the single extraction, the temperature of the reservoir decreased, and its permeability increased. In the gas injection extraction, the temperature near the gas injection hole increased, whereas the temperature near the extraction hole decreased, and the permeability decreased overall. A method of measuring the effective radius of gas extraction by temperature is presented. The storage and extraction time of CO2 exhibited a linear relationship, and the CO2 escape rate increased gradually. The longer gas injection extraction the time, the greater the risk of coal and gas (CO2) outbursts.
The Impact of Light Availibility on the Functional Traits of Quercus Robur L. And Acer Platanoides L. First-year Seedlings by Direct and Indirect Methods
Authors: Blinkova Olena , Żytkowiak Roma , Jagodziński Andrzej M.
Published: April 2024

The resource strategy of seedlings is an important key for understanding the adaptation of trees at this ontogenetic phase to abiotic changes. In this study, we tried to determine the patterns of response of functional traits of shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species along natural environmental light gradients, using an entire-level, trait-based approach by direct and indirect methods in the Arboretum at Kórnik (Poland). Differences between the two species were found for some variables. Analysis of phenotypic plasticity indices of leaf, stem and root traits of seedlings had high values ​​for both species. The values of plasticity indices of A. platanoides root traits were lower compared to the corresponding traits for Q. robur. Relationships between measures obtained from individual-level trait data were stronger than relationships with measures obtained from community-level trait data. The data obtained from the direct method revealed the closest relationships between functional traits of seedlings and light changes at the individual level trait data for both species. Correlation links between LAI and leaf (LMA, SLA) and stem (SSL, SMR) traits were less tight for Q. robur compared to A. platanoides. The indirect phytoindicative method revealed relationships between LC and LMA, and S/R of seedlings based on community-level trait data. Close relationships between LC and LMF, and SLA were not established in contrast to LAI and DIFN. Internal (closest) and external links between the leaf, stem, and root functional traits at the community-level trait data were established.
Diploid fetus with partially triploid placenta: case presentation and management strategy
Authors: Sahebdel Behrokh , Moghimi Zahra , Sobhanian Ehsan , Shirali Elham , Yarandi Fariba , Golshahi Fatemeh , Shirazi Mahboobeh , Saedi Nafiseh , Rashidi-Nezhad Ali
Published: April 2024

Multiple placental cysts are a common finding in obstetric ultrasound imaging. Although it has benign differential diagnoses such as hydropic degeneration of the placenta or placental mesenchymal dysplasia, its important pathologies such as benign gestational trophoblastic disease or hydatiform mole should always be considered. A challenging issue in obstetrics is pregnancies with a placenta that has a bipartite texture. This means that one side of the placenta is normal, but the other side is full of cystic formation and just one fetus is visualized. The main critical concern is the presence of molar pregnancy because of its catastrophic consequences. Here we report a rare case in which the gravid uterus had a normal diploid fetus but had a bipartite placenta which was triploid in the hydropic part, revealing a unique genetic pattern.