bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-deployment family violence among UK military personnel
Authors: Kwan Jamie , Jones Margaret , Somaini Greta , Hull Lisa , Wessely Simon , Fear Nicola T , MacManus Deirdre
Published: December 2017

Background

Research into violence among military personnel has not differentiated between stranger- and family-directed violence. While military factors (combat exposure and post-deployment mental health problems) are risk factors for general violence, there has been limited research on their impact on violence within the family environment. This study aims to compare the prevalence of family-directed and stranger-directed violence among a deployed sample of UK military personnel and to explore risk factors associated with both family- and stranger-directed violence.

Method

This study utilised data from a large cohort study which collected information by questionnaire from a representative sample of randomly selected deployed UK military personnel (n= 6711).

Results

The prevalence of family violence immediately following return from deployment was 3.6% and 7.8% for stranger violence. Family violence was significantly associated with having left service, while stranger violence was associated with younger age, male gender, being single, having a history of antisocial behaviour as well as having left service. Deployment in a combat role was significantly associated with both family and stranger violence after adjustment for confounders [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.92 (1.25–2.94),p= 0.003 and aOR = 1.77 (1.31–2.40),p< 0.001, respectively], as was the presence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, common mental disorders and aggression.

Conclusions

Exposure to combat and post-deployment mental health problems are risk factors for violence both inside and outside the family environment and should be considered in violence reduction programmes for military personnel. Further research using a validated measurement tool for family violence would improve comparability with other research.
REFLECTIONS ON FORM: AN INTERVIEW WITH PASCAL DUSAPIN
Authors: Richardson O. Sidney
Published: December 2017

Composer Pascal Dusapin has crafted an intriguing and idiosyncratic musical style that is both expressive and rigorously formal. Born in 1955 in Nancy, France, he studied piano and organ in his youth and later Plastic Arts and Sciences, Arts, and Aesthetic at the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, notably under composer Iannis Xenakis. From 1981 to 1983, he held a resident scholarship from the Villa Medici in Rome. Among the numerous accolades Dusapin has received are the Cino del Duca Prize in 2005 and the Dan David Prize in 2007. The Collège de France conferred upon him a professorship to hold the Chair of Artistic Creation from 2006 to 2007. He is a Commander of the French Order of Arts and Letters. His body of work includes extensive explorations of solo, chamber, orchestral, and operatic forces. What follows is an edited translation of an interview I made with Dusapin in his studio in Paris on 9 July 2016.
BBC Proms Premieres: Dusapin, Weir, Larcher
Authors: Stein Robert
Published: December 2017

Pascal Dusapin is a French intellectual – he cites the philosopher Gilles Deleuze as a particular inspiration – whose generation (he was born just a few months before Michel Houellebecq) are now to the fore following the death of Pierre Boulez. A student of Xenakis in Paris, he sometimes gives the titles of his works a linguistic quirkiness, as in for example, Ici, Iti, Incisa and Indeed. His comment on Outscape, his second cello concerto, that ‘it's difficult for me to explain my work because the substance of thought is confused with the flow of music’ is – given his musical pedigree and cultural milieu – unsurprising.
Structure determination of two structural analogs, named 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16F2N4S) and 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16ClFN4S) by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction
Authors: Gündoğdu Gülsüm , Aytaç Sevim Peri , Müller Melanie , Tozkoparan Birsen , Kaynak Filiz Betül
Published: December 2017

Two novel compounds, 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16F2N4S) (1) and 3-[1-(2-fluoro-4-biphenyl)ethyl]-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C23H16ClFN4S) (2), have been designed and synthesized as cytotoxic agents. The compounds were characterized by infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectral data, elemental analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. The present study comprises spectral data and crystal structures of these novel compounds determined from synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. The structure solutions were obtained by simulated annealing. The final structures were achieved by Rietveld refinement using soft restraints for all bond lengths, bond angles, and planar groups. Both compounds crystallize in space group $P\bar 1$, Z = 2, with the unit-cell parameters a = 6.37433(9), b = 11.3641(2), c = 14.09115(19) Å, α = 80.1740(8)°, β = 85.1164(8)°, γ = 80.9831(10)°, V = 991.55(3) Å3 of compound (1) and a = 6.53736(6), b = 11.55725(15), c = 14.01373(13) Å, α = 80.3323(7)°, β = 84.8939(6)°, γ = 79.3954(8)°, V = 1024.08(2) Å3 of compound (2). Structural analyses reveal that the title compounds are isostructural.
BUBBLES, CRASHES, AND THE FINANCIAL CYCLE: THE IMPACT OF BANKING REGULATION ON DEEP RECESSIONS
Authors: van der Hoog Sander , Dawid Herbert
Published: December 2017

This paper explores how different credit market and banking regulations affect business fluctuations. Capital adequacy- and reserve requirements are analyzed for their effect on the risk of severe downturns. We develop an agent-based macroeconomic model in which financial contagion is transmitted through balance sheets in an endogenous firm-bank network, which incorporates firm bankruptcy and heterogeneity among banks to capture the fact that contagion effects are bank specific. Using concepts from the empirical literature to identify amplitude and duration of recessions and expansions, we show that more stringent liquidity regulations are best to dampen output fluctuations and prevent severe downturns. Under such regulations, both leverage along expansions and amplitude of recessions become smaller. More stringent capital requirements induce larger output fluctuations and lead to deeper, more fragile recessions. This indicates that the capital adequacy requirement is procyclical and therefore not advisable as a measure to prevent financial contagion.
The first orthophlebiid scorpionfly (Insecta: Mecoptera) from the Wealden (Lower Cretaceous) of southern England
Authors: Jarzembowski Ed , Soszyńska-Maj Agnieszka
Published: December 2017

The Family Orthophlebiidae ranges from the Middle Triassic to the Early Cretaceous. The Wealden Mecoptera have added to our knowledge of the Mecoptera from the Early Cretaceous of southern England, but have been comparatively little studied. Here we present the description of the first orthophlebiid from the Wealden of England. Mesopanorpa brooksorum sp. nov. from England is the earliest Cretaceous representative of this genus.
A Caribbean epiphyte community preserved in Miocene Dominican amber
Authors: Kaasalainen Ulla , Heinrichs Jochen , Renner Matthew A. M. , Hedenäs Lars , Schäfer-Verwimp Alfons , Lee Gaik Ee , Ignatov Michael S. , Rikkinen Jouko , Schmidt Alexander R.
Published: December 2017

Fossil tree resins preserve a wide range of animals, plants, fungi and microorganisms in microscopic fidelity. Fossil organisms preserved in an individual piece of amber lived at the same time in Earth history and mostly even in the same habitat, but they were not necessarily parts of the same interacting community. Here, we report on anin situpreserved corticolous community from a piece of Miocene Dominican amber which is composed of a lichen, a moss and three species of leafy liverworts. The lichen is assigned to the extant genusPhyllopsora(Ramalinaceae, Lecanoromycetes) and is described asP.magnaKaasalainen, Rikkinen & A. R. Schmidt sp. nov. The moss,Aptychellites fossilisSchäf.-Verw., Hedenäs, Ignatov & Heinrichs gen. & sp. nov., closely resembles the extant genusAptychellaof the family Pylaisiadelphaceae. The three leafy liverworts comprise the extinct Lejeuneaceae speciesCheilolejeunea antiqua(Grolle) Ye & Zhu, 2010 andLejeunea miocenicaHeinrichs, Schäf.-Verw., M. A. M. Renner & G. E. Lee sp. nov. and the extinct Radulaceae speciesRadula intectaM. A. M. Renner, Schäf.-Verw. & Heinrichs sp. nov. The presence of five associated extinct cryptogam species, four of which belong to extant genera, further substantiates the notion of a stasis in morphotype diversity, but a certain turnover of species, in the Caribbean since the early Miocene.
Psychotherapie bei chronischer Depression – Führen störungsspezifische Ansätze zu besseren Behandlungserfolgen?
Authors: Schramm Elisabeth , Bausch Paul
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung. Chronische Depressionen sind häufige und besonders beeinträchtigende Erkrankungen. Aufgrund der Dauer und einer Vielzahl von komplizierenden Faktoren gelten sie als schwierig zu behandeln. In den gängigen Leitlinien wird eine Kombination von Psychotherapie und Antidepressiva zur Therapie empfohlen. Dabei hat sich eine störungsspezifische Behandlung mit dem Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) anderen und unspezifischeren Ansätzen gegenüber als überlegen gezeigt. Bei dieser Therapieform wird gezielt auf die Besonderheiten chronischer Verlaufsformen wie auf frühe interpersonelle Traumatisierungen, hohe Komorbiditätsraten und ausgeprägtes Vermeidungsverhalten eingegangen. Eine längerfristige Behandlung mit CBASP führte zu besseren Behandlungserfolgen.
Integrating Water Science and Culture for Urban Sustainability
Authors: Nardi Fernando , Donoso Maria , Teutonico Rita
Published: December 2017

Workshop on Water and Environmental Global Challenges: International Water Infrastructures and Security; Miami, Florida, 23–25 May 2017
Mary K. Hudson Receives 2017 John Adam Fleming Medal
Authors:   AGU
Published: December 2017

Mary K. Hudson was awarded the 2017 John Adam Fleming Medal at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 13 December 2017 in New Orleans, La. The medal is for “original research and technical leadership in geomagnetism, atmospheric electricity, aeronomy, space physics, and/or related sciences.”
Erratum: Proteomic analysis of JAK2V617F-induced changes identifies potential new combinatorial therapeutic approaches
Authors: Pearson S , Williamson A J K , Blance R , Somervaille T C P , Taylor S , Azadbakht N , Whetton A D , Pierce A
Published: December 2017

Correction to: Leukemia (2017) 31, 2717–2725; doi:10.1038/leu.2017.143; published online 23 May 2017 This article was originally published under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, but has now been made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the paper have been modified accordingly.
Author Correction: Herbivores rescue diversity in warming tundra by modulating trait-dependent species losses and gains
Authors: Kaarlejärvi Elina , Eskelinen Anu , Olofsson Johan
Published: December 2017

The original version of this Article contained errors in Figure 2. The dark green symbols on the scatter plot were light green, and vice versa. These errors have now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Author Correction: Competition between crystal and fibril formation in molecular mutations of amyloidogenic peptides
Authors: Reynolds Nicholas P. , Adamcik Jozef , Berryman Joshua T. , Handschin Stephan , Zanjani Ali Asghar Hakami , Li Wen , Liu Kun , Zhang Afang , Mezzenga Raffaele
Published: December 2017

The original version of this article contained an error in Fig. 5c. The label for the back series of columns was incorrectly given as ‘1.5 mM pH 2’, rather than the correct ‘1.5 mM pH 7’. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.
Verification of Arabidopsis stock collections using SNPmatch, a tool for genotyping high-plexed samples
Authors: Pisupati Rahul , Reichardt Ilka , Seren Ümit , Korte Pamela , Nizhynska Viktoria , Kerdaffrec Envel , Uzunova Kristina , Rabanal Fernando A. , Filiault Daniele L. , Nordborg Magnus
Published: December 2017

Large-scale studies such as the Arabidopsis thaliana ‘1,001 Genomes’ Project require routine genotyping of stocks to avoid sample contamination. To genotype samples efficiently and economically, sequencing must be inexpensive and data processing simple. Here we present SNPmatch, a tool that identifies strains (or inbred lines, or accessions) by matching them to a SNP database. We tested the tool by performing low-coverage resequencing of over 2,000 strains from our lab seed stock collection. SNPmatch correctly genotyped samples from 1-fold coverage sequencing data, and could also identify the parents of F1 or F2 individuals. SNPmatch can be run either on the command line or through AraGeno (https://arageno.gmi.oeaw.ac.at), a web interface that permits sample genotyping from a user-uploaded VCF or BED file.
Label-free detection of fibrinogen based on the fibrinogen-enhanced peroxidase activity of a fibrinogen–hemin composite
Authors: Hou Tingting , Zhang Yuanfu , Wu Tao , Wang Meifeng , Zhang Yinghong , Li Rui , Wang Lei , Xue Qingwang , Wang Shuhao
Published: December 2017

A simple, label-free colorimetric method for the determination of fibrinogen (Fib) in plasma is presented.
Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide internalized with gold nanoparticles for on-chip PCR and direct detection by surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Tran B. M. , Nam N. N. , Son S. J. , Lee N. Y.
Published: December 2017

Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) internalized with gold nanoparticles was utilized as an integrated platform miniaturized for consecutively performing on-chip PCR and downstream detection of the target DNA amplicons using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).
Determination of three flavor enhancers using HPLC-ECD and its application in detecting adulteration of honey
Authors: Liu Caiyun , Zhao Lingling , Sun Zheng , Cheng Ni , Xue Xiaofeng , Wu Liming , Cao Wei
Published: December 2017

In this paper, a simple, sensitive, accurate, high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) method for the simultaneous determination of maltol, ethyl maltol, and vanillin in honey was developed.
Anticancer component identification from the extract ofDysosma versipellisandGlycyrrhiza uralensisbased on support vector regression and mean impact value
Authors: Fan Hailiu , Xuan Jianbang , Zhang Kaixuan , Jiang Jianlan
Published: December 2017

A high-quality SVR–PSO model was established for the extract ofDysosma versipellisandGlycyrrhiza uralensisand anticancer components were identified by using the MIV.
New approaches to the lithiation kinetics in reaction-limited battery electrodes through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Vicente Nuria , Haro Marta , Garcia-Belmonte Germà
Published: December 2017

Impedance analysis of kinetic limitations to the electrode reduction connects to the reaction itself in addition to ion transport.
Selective targeting of PARP-1 zinc finger recognition domains with Au(iii) organometallics
Authors: Wenzel Margot N. , Meier-Menches Samuel M. , Williams Thomas L. , Rämisch Eberard , Barone Giampaolo , Casini Angela
Published: December 2017

Insights into gold finger formation by organometallics and implications for targeting pharmacologically relevant zinc-finger proteins.
A highly fluorescent water soluble spirobifluorene dye with a large Stokes shift: synthesis, characterization and bio-applications
Authors: Schlüter Friederike , Riehemann Kristina , Kehr Nermin Seda , Quici Silvio , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Rizzo Fabio
Published: December 2017

The first water-soluble highly emitting spirobifluorene-based dye and its applications for live cell imaging and BSA detection are reported.
An imine–gallium Lewis pair stabilized oxophosphinidene via an unexpected phosphirene rearrangement
Authors: Liu Liu Leo , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: December 2017

GaCl3 induces an unexpected rearrangement leading to the formation of an imine/GaCl3 stabilized 1,2-azaphosphole-based oxophosphinidene.
Amplified detection of genome-containing biological targets using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-assisted rolling circle amplification
Authors: Du Yi-Chen , Zhu Yan-Jun , Li Xiao-Yu , Kong De-Ming
Published: December 2017

We proposed a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-assisted rolling circle amplification (RCA) strategy for the amplified detection of genome-containing biological targets.
Phase transition triggered aggregation-induced emission in a photoluminescent uranyl–organic framework
Authors: Wang Xia , Wang Yanlong , Dai Xing , Silver Mark A. , Liu Wei , Li Yuxiang , Bai Zhuanling , Gui Daxiang , Chen Lanhua , Diwu Juan , Zhou Ruhong , Chai Zhifang , Wang Shuao
Published: December 2017

The aggregation-induced emission is reported for the first time in an extended solid system and in a uranium compound.
Pyrene-box capsules for adaptive encapsulation and structure determination of unstable or non-crystalline guest molecules
Authors: Dumitrescu Dan G. , Feng Wei-xu , Legrand Yves-Marie , van der Lee Arie , Petit Eddy , Barboiu Mihail
Published: December 2017

“Pyrene-box” cages easily crystallize from aqueous solutions and readily encapsulate compounds of biological interest.
X3 synthon geometries in two-dimensional halogen-bonded 1,3,5-tris(3,5-dibromophenyl)benzene self-assembled nanoarchitectures on Au(111)-()
Authors: Peyrot David , Silly Mathieu G. , Silly Fabien
Published: December 2017

Star-shaped 1,3,5-tris(3,5-dibromophenyl)benzene molecules self-assemble into 2D nanoarchitectures stabilized by two types of halogen interactions on Au(111)-().
Phonon thermal transport in a graphene/MoSe2 van der Waals heterobilayer
Authors: Hong Yang , Ju Ming Gang , Zhang Jingchao , Zeng Xiao Cheng
Published: December 2017

Combining the best of different monolayers in one ultimate van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure is an appealing approach for practical applications.
Plastic deformation and twinning mechanisms in magnesian calcites: a non-equilibrium computer simulation study
Authors: Lee Sanha , Brekke-Svaland Gøran , Bresme Fernando
Published: December 2017

Deformation twinning provides a mechanism for energy dissipation in crystalline structures, with important implications on the mechanical response of carbonate biogenic materials.
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of arene–ruthenium(ii) complexes with acylpyrazolones functionalized with aromatic groups in the acyl moiety
Authors: Marchetti Fabio , Pettinari Riccardo , Di Nicola Corrado , Pettinari Claudio , Palmucci Jessica , Scopelliti Rosario , Riedel Tina , Therrien Bruno , Galindo Agustín , Dyson Paul J.
Published: December 2017

DFT and NMR studies confirm the existence of two conformers in solution for complexes with bulky aromatic groups.
Production of keto-pentosesviaisomerization of aldo-pentoses catalyzed by phosphates and recovery of products by anionic extraction
Authors: Delidovich Irina , Gyngazova Maria S. , Sánchez-Bastardo Nuria , Wohland Julia P. , Hoppe Corinna , Drabo Peter
Published: December 2017

This article considers catalytic isomerization of aldo-pentoses into keto-pentoses combined with product recovery by anionic extraction.
Molecular antenna tailored organic thin-film transistors for sensing application
Authors: Shen Hongguang , Zou Ye , Zang Yaping , Huang Dazhen , Jin Wenlong , Di Chong-an , Zhu Daoben
Published: December 2017

By tailoring the neighboring-conductive-channel organic layer using a plasma-assisted-interfacial-grafting method, we introduced a molecular antenna on the surface of organic transistors to enable direct interaction between the semiconductors in the conductive channel and the target analytes in solution.
Simple ratiometric push–pull with an ‘aggregation induced enhanced emission’ active pyrene derivative: a multifunctional and highly sensitive fluorescent sensor
Authors: Kachwal Vishal , Alam Parvej , Yadav Hare Ram , Pasha Sheik Saleem , Roy Choudhury Angshuman , Laskar Inamur Rahaman
Published: December 2017

A simple and efficient pyrene based luminescent multifunctional probe was utilized in selective and sensitive ratiometric detection of H+, Al3+ and picric acid.
Palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction for the synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted allylic alcohols with regio- and stereoselectivity
Authors: Hu Gang , Wang Jingtao , Li Zefei , Liu Yajing , Gong Ping
Published: December 2017

A novel three-component assembly of allenic alcohols, aryl iodides and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds into 3,3-disubstituted allylic alcohols was promoted in the presence of a palladium source.
Flux synthesis of regular Bi4TaO8Cl square nanoplates exhibiting dominant exposure surfaces of {001} crystal facets for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methane
Authors: Li Liang , Han Qiutong , Tang Lanqin , Zhang Yuan , Li Ping , Zhou Yong , Zou Zhigang
Published: December 2017

Orthorhombic Bi4TaO8Cl square nanoplates were successfully synthesized using a facile molten salt route. The as-prepared square nanoplates have been proven to be of the {001} crystal facets as two dominantly exposed surfaces.
Protein corona in drug delivery for multimodal cancer therapyin vivo
Authors: Yeo Eugenia Li Ling , Thong Patricia Soo Ping , Soo Khee Chee , Kah James Chen Yong
Published: December 2017

Intravenous delivery of NR-MS-Ce6, wherein Ce6 was loaded on NRs using a protein corona formed from mouse serum, resulted in tumor accumulation and synergy between PTT and PDT, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy and complete tumor regression in 19 days.
Bioluminescent probe for detecting endogenous hypochlorite in living mice
Authors: Tang Chunchao , Gao Yuqi , Liu Tingting , Lin Yuxing , Zhang Xiaomeng , Zhang Chaochao , Li Xiang , Zhang Tianchao , Du Lupei , Li Minyong
Published: December 2017

As a kind of biologically important reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypochlorite (ClO−) plays a crucial role in many physiological processes.
Synthesis of unnatural α-amino acid derivatives via selective o-C–H functionalization
Authors: Zeng Wanting , Nukeyeva Moldir , Wang Qiumei , Jiang Chao
Published: December 2017

Selective o-C–H functionalization of aryl based amino acids including arylation, alkylation, alkynylation, halogenation, alkoxylation, and acyloxylation were developed.
Temperature responsive poly(phosphonate) copolymers: from single chains to macroscopic coacervates
Authors: Wolf Thomas , Hunold Johannes , Simon Johanna , Rosenauer Christine , Hinderberger Dariush , Wurm Frederik R.
Published: December 2017

Detailed investigation of the LCST phase separation mechanism of poly(ethylene alkyl phosphonate)- copolymers is presented.
Diffusion and selectivity of water confined within metal–organic nanotubes.
Authors: Jayasinghe Ashini S. , Payne Maurice K. , Unruh Daniel K. , Johns Adam , Leddy Johna , Forbes Tori Z.
Published: December 2017

Water uptake isotherms indicate water uptake in metal organic nanotubes with similarities to amorphous ice and complete specificity to water in the vapor phase.
Combined effect of nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms and micropores of porous carbon frameworks from Schiff-base networks on their high supercapacitance
Authors: Zhou Man , Li Xiaoyan , Zhao Hong , Wang Jun , Zhao Yaping , Ge Fengyan , Cai Zaisheng
Published: December 2017

HPCFs have been constructed through the structural evolution of 2D microporous Schiff-base frameworks from the rigid polyquinoneimine and trigonal-symmetrical triformylphloroglucinol.
Aligning the binder effect on sodium–air batteries
Authors: Sun Qian , Lin Xiaoting , Yadegari Hossein , Xiao Wei , Zhao Yang , Adair Keegan R. , Li Ruying , Sun Xueliang
Published: December 2017

Polymer binders are revealed to dominatingly impact the electrochemical behavior and side reactions/products of sodium-air batteries.
Controllable growth of SnS2 nanostructures on nanocarbon surfaces for lithium-ion and sodium-ion storage with high rate capability
Authors: Luo Bin , Hu Yuxiang , Zhu Xiaobo , Qiu Tengfei , Zhi Linjie , Xiao Mu , Zhang Haijiao , Zou Mingchu , Cao Anyuan , Wang Lianzhou
Published: December 2017

Structural evolution of SnS2 from vertically or parallelly aligned nanosheets to ultra-small nanocrystals on nanocarbon surfaces is demonstrated and the latter exhibit enhanced rate performance and cycling stability for both Li-ion and Na-ion storage.
Fine-tuning metal–organic framework performances by spatially-differentiated postsynthetic modification
Authors: Zhang Hai-Feng , Li Mian , Wang Xue-Zhi , Luo Dong , Zhao Yi-Fang , Zhou Xiao-Ping , Li Dan
Published: December 2017

In contrast to the regular postsynthetic modification (PSM) approach which is global and random in principle, a diffusion-controlled PSM strategy utilizing size mismatch between pores and reactants has been developed to target selective functionalization and fine-tuning of material performance.
Synthesis of open helmet-like carbon skeletons for application in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Chun Cheng , Jing Wen Tao , Li Chao , Jiang Qing
Published: December 2017

Open carbon nanohelmets (CNHs) were synthesized for the first time and the as-fabricated NiO/CNH electrode shows superior Li-storage performance.
Stable star polymer nanolayers and their thermoresponsiveness as a tool for controlled culture and detachment of fibroblast sheets
Authors: Mendrek Barbara , Żymełka-Miara Iwona , Sieroń Łukasz , Fus Agnieszka , Balin Katarzyna , Kubacki Jerzy , Smet Mario , Trzebicka Barbara , Sieroń Aleksander L. , Kowalczuk Agnieszka
Published: December 2017

Star polymer nanolayers were successfully used as surfaces for fibroblast adhesion and proliferation, followed by their detachment in the form of a cell sheet, controlled by a temperature decrease.
Additives influence the phase behavior of calcium carbonate solution by a cooperative ion-association process
Authors: Zou Zhaoyong , Polishchuk Iryna , Bertinetti Luca , Pokroy Boaz , Politi Yael , Fratzl Peter , Habraken Wouter J. E. M.
Published: December 2017

The role of biologically relevant additives on the phase behavior of calcium carbonate solution was studied by investigating their effects on the formation of amorphous calcium carbonate.
Anion dependent self-assembly of drum-like 30- and 32-metal Cd–Ln nanoclusters: visible and NIR luminescent sensing of metal cations
Authors: Wang Chengri , Yang Xiaoping , Wang Shiqing , Zhu Ting , Bo Le , Zhang Lijie , Chen Hongfen , Jiang Dongmei , Dong Xiaomei , Huang Shaoming
Published: December 2017

Two types of Cd–Ln nanoclusters were constructed using a long-chain Schiff base ligand, and the 32-metal Cd–Sm cluster shows interesting luminescent sensing of metal cations.
Novel AIE-active ratiometric fluorescent probes for mercury(ii) based on the Hg2+-promoted deprotection of thioketal, and good mechanochromic properties
Authors: Ruan Zhijun , Shan Yuanrong , Gong Yanbin , Wang Can , Ye Fabing , Qiu Yu , Liang Ziqin , Li Zhen
Published: December 2017

Novel thioketal-containing AIEgens were designed as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for Hg2+, which also showed a reversible mechanochromic property.
SiC/HfyTa1−yCxN1−x/C ceramic nanocomposites with HfyTa1−yCxN1−x-carbon core–shell nanostructure and the influence of the carbon-shell thickness on electrical properties
Authors: Wen Qingbo , Yu Zhaoju , Xu Yeping , Lu Yan , Fasel Claudia , Morita Koji , Guillon Olivier , Buntkowsky Gerd , Ionescu Emanuel , Riedel Ralf
Published: December 2017

Thickness of the carbon shell on the HfyTa1−yCxN1−x-carbon core–shell nanoparticles significantly influences the electrical conductivity of the SiC/HfyTa1−yCxN1−x/C ceramic nanocomposites.
New polarimetric coherence parameter for built‐up areas in PolSAR imagery
Authors: Fan Qinghui , Xiang Deliang , Fan Chongyuan
Published: December 2017

Fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data are represented by four channels and the coherences between two arbitrary channels are important descriptors for the interpretation of polarimetric scattering mechanisms. However, there exists a scattering ambiguity between oriented urban and natural areas since they both contribute to the cross‐polarised (HV) scattering. A polarimetric correlation coefficient ratio is proposed to overcome this scattering ambiguity in PolSAR imagery. First, the polarimetric coherences of urban areas with various orientation angles were analysed. Subsequently, it was found that the proposed coherence parameter considers the reflection asymmetry of buildings and also the scattering divergence between co‐polarised and cross‐polarised channels, which is beneficial to the scattering analysis in urban areas. The effectiveness of the proposed parameter is demonstrated using the Phased Array type L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar dataset.
Acoustic isolation of disc‐shaped modes using periodic corrugated plate‐based phononic crystal
Authors: Moutaouekkil M. , Talbi A. , El Boudouti E.H. , Elmazria O. , Djafari‐Rouhani B. , Pernod P. , Bou Matar O.
Published: December 2017

The properties of highly confined and isolated surface modes in a phononic crystal based on a stripped membrane combined with disc‐shaped thin films deposited on the micro‐strip surface is investigated. The structure is made of an aluminium nitride (AlN) thin film membrane and gold (Au) for the disc‐shaped thin film. These materials are chosen owing to the strong contrast in their elastic and density properties and to their compatibility with electroacoustic devices technology. An optimal choice of the geometrical parameters of the membrane and the grooves enables the obtaining of wide stop‐band frequencies. The introduction of disc‐shaped thin films on the grooved surface enables the introduction of nearly flat modes within the band gap and consequently paves the way to implement advanced design of electroacoustic filters and high‐performance cavity resonators.
Frequency‐response‐controlled multiple‐resonator‐based harmonic analysis
Authors: Tomić J.J. , Poljak P.D. , Kušljević M.D.
Published: December 2017

This Letter proposes a modified method for the dynamic harmonic analysis of signals with non‐stationary harmonics, which is based on the previously proposed multiple‐resonator observer structure. An optimisation technique is applied to reshape frequency responses of the basic transfer functions. This method, by using a parallel structure with common feedback, is very robust and, in addition, allows a reduction of the computational burden. The proposed method has been investigated for up to 64 harmonics, using LabView software package, under different conditions, and confirmed to be valuable and efficient tool for signal components estimation.
Convolution of 3D Gaussian surfaces for volumetric intensity inhomogeneity estimation and correction in 3D brain MR image data
Authors: Kahali Sayan , Adhikari Sudip Kumar , Sing Jamuna Kanta
Published: December 2017

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique has become indispensable in image‐guided diagnosis and clinical research. However, present MR image acquisition leads to a slow varying intensity inhomogeneity (IIH) in MR image data. This study presents a novel technique based on convolution of three‐dimensional (3D) Gaussian surfaces, which is denoted as ‘Co3DGS’, for volumetric IIH estimation and correction for 3D brain MR image data. A 3D Gaussian surface is approximated using local voxel gradients on each tissue volume corresponding to grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid of the 3D brain MR image data and then convolved to partially estimate the IIH, which is subsequently removed from the image data. The above processes are repeated until there is no such significant change in the voxel gradients. The Co3DGS technique has been tested on both synthetic and in‐vivo human 3D brain MR image data of different pulse sequences. The empirical results both in qualitatively and quantitatively, which include coefficient of joint variation, index of variation, index of joint variation, index of class separability and root mean square error, collectively demonstrate that the Co3DGS efficiently estimates and removes the IIH from the 3D brain MR image data and stands superior to some state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Selective harmonic eliminated V/f speed control of single‐phase induction motor
Authors: Duranay Zeynep Bala , Guldemir Hanifi
Published: December 2017

This study presents a new energy efficient V/f speed control of single‐phase induction motor. The method is implemented with a single‐phase inverter in which extreme learning machine technique is used to achieve selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation. The objective is to adjust the speed of the single‐phase induction motor while eliminating undesired low‐order harmonics. Algorithm is developed using MATLAB/Simulink high‐speed adaptation was obtained even at low‐ and high‐speed regions. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method. The reduction in the total harmonic distortion is achieved in all operation range of V/f speed control.
Phasor model of full scale converter wind turbine for small‐signal stability analysis
Authors: Gihga Radu , Wu Qiuwei , Nielsen Arne Hejde
Published: December 2017

The small‐signal stability analysis of power system electromechanical oscillations is a well‐established field in control and stability assessment of power systems. The impact of large wind farms on small‐signal stability of power systems has been a topic of high interest in recent years. This study presents a phasor model of full scale converter wind turbines (WTs) implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK for small‐signal stability studies. The phasor method is typically used for dynamic studies of power systems consisting of large electric machines. It can also be applied to any linear system. This represents an advantage in small‐signal stability studies, which are based on modal analysis of the linearised model and are usually complemented with dynamic simulations. The proposed model can represent a single WT or an aggregated wind power plant. The implemented model for small‐signal stability analysis was tested in the Kundur's two area system. The results show that the proposed WT model is accurately linearised and its impact on power system oscillation is similar to that of previous research findings.
Impact analysis of DFIG location on low‐frequency oscillations in power system
Authors: Gupta Abhilash Kumar , Verma Kusum , Niazi Khaleequr Rehman
Published: December 2017

The integration of renewables is on the rise nowadays to generate cleaner electricity, with wind being the prime source of generation. The wind proliferation affects many aspects of the dynamic and operational characteristics of the synchronous generator dominated power system. This study presents the impact of doubly fed induction generators’ (DFIGs’) location on the system's low‐frequency electromechanical oscillations’ (LFEOs’) damping. The study is carried out using eigenvalue analysis and dynamic sensitivity analysis. The present study suggests that the location of DFIG integration greatly affects the oscillations damping. The analysis is performed on a practical 39‐bus IEEE test system. The approach used can be utilised while planning DFIG integration in the system for identifying their suitable penetration points beneficial for LFEOs’ damping.
Analysis of impedance characteristics pertaining to thermal power unit based on state space
Authors: Zhao Shu‐qiang , Li Ren , Gao Ben‐feng , Wang Nan
Published: December 2017

Time domain analysis methods based on state space and frequency domain analysis methods based on impedance are common techniques applied for stability analysis. The impedance‐based method is widely applied in renewable energy system for subsynchronous oscillation research; however, it has not dealt with thermal power unit because its basing on impedance‐modelling. This study proposes a new method to gain accurate impedance of thermal power unit basing on partial state‐space modelling method. The IEEE first benchmark model for subsynchronous resonance studies is employed as the case, impedance characteristics of thermal power unit in subsynchronous frequency range are delved into. The results indicate that torsional dynamic characteristics of shaft are reflected in the impedance characteristics. Effects of shaft, exciter, rotor, and stator parameters on the impedance characteristics are dipped into, which explains how the parameters impact the low‐frequency and subsynchronous oscillation. Impedance characteristics belonging to thermal power unit containing shaft dynamic features will be significant to the application of impedance analysis method, especially on thermal and renewable energy bundling system subsynchronous oscillation studies.
Research on the smart modular cascaded solid state transformer interfaced to distributed photovoltaic power generation system
Authors: Zhao Hengyang , Zhu Taiyun , Cheng Dengfeng , Li Binbin , Ding Jinjin , Li Yuanzhi
Published: December 2017

Distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation system has recently gotten more and more attention in renewable energy fields. Solid state transformer (SST) is a kind of power electronics equipment which utilises power electronics technology to achieve voltage conversion. This paper adopts a topology of single‐phase smart modular cascaded SST which consists of three stages, cascaded modular rectifier stage, the dual active bridge (DAB) converter stage, and the single‐phase full‐bridge inverter stage. The output‐paralleled DAB converters offer a DC‐bus port. This study proposes an improving MPPT method for the PV cells which directly connect to the DC‐bus port. Rectifier stage adopts a single‐phase d –q vector‐based common‐duty‐radio controller aiming at balancing each modular current, DAB stage utilizes a voltage feedforward and feedback‐based controller to regulate each modular voltage. The DC‐bus voltage could be regulated to track MPP of PV cells. Compared to conventional control strategy, the improving one simplifies the circuit structure, reduces the controlled variables, provides the possibility of increasing the number of cascaded modules, and makes it easier to access to distribution network. Simulation results are presented to proving the proposed control strategy. In addition, a 6kW experimental prototype is built to validate the effectiveness.
Historical Perspectives on Colorectal Trauma Management
Authors: Welling David , Tyler Joshua
Published: December 2017

The authors discuss the history and evolution of management of traumatic wounds to the colon and rectum, summarizing early management parallel with the history of armed conflict followed by the increase in research and management interest by civilian centers in the post-Vietnam era. They explore the strong opinions of the early thought-leaders such as DeBakey and Ogilvie, detailing factors that may have impacted their views. The current literature on optimal management of both colon and rectal trauma is reviewed, including the contentious debate over which patients may benefit from diversion. Current organ injury staging and clinical practice guidelines are also reviewed, as well as lessons learned by the U.S. military in recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Understanding of the evolution of colon and rectal trauma management, as well as the current literature, will help surgeons in their decision-making and management of these challenging injuries.
Bright's Disease, Malaria, and Machine Politics: The Story of the Illness of President Chester A. Arthur
Authors: Pappas Theodore
Published: December 2017

In July of 1881, President James A. Garfield was shot in the back at the Sixth Street Train Station in Washington, D.C. Garfield died after an extended illness and Chester A. Arthur assumed the presidency on September 20, 1881. He served the remaining three and a half years but was ill for most of his term. Arthur died of the complications of Bright's disease less than two years after leaving office. In the 1880s, Bright's disease was the syndrome that described renal failure associated with proteinuria, but the etiology of Arthur's kidney failure has never been determined. Arthur is one of our least understood Presidents, owing to his brief tenure in office, his death shortly after leaving office, and the fact that he burned all his personal papers just prior to his death. This manuscript will explore the medical history of Chester A. Arthur, including his presumed diagnosis of malaria, his symptoms during his declining health, and will define the differential diagnosis of the causes of his renal failure that culminated in his death in November of 1886.
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Fundoplications in Pediatric Surgery: Experience Review
Authors: Fourcade Laurent , Amar Sarah , Alzahrani Khalid , Cook Ann-Rose , Braïk Karim , Cros Jérôme , Longis Bernard , Villemagne Thierry , Lardy Hubert , Ballouhey Quentin , Binet Aurélien
Published: December 2017

Introduction Laparoscopic fundoplicature for gastroesophageal reflux disease has become the gold standard because of the improvement of postoperative rehabilitation compared with the open procedure. The robot-assisted surgery has brought new advantages for the patient and the surgeon compared with laparoscopy. We studied this new approach and the learning curve.

Materials and Methods Sixty robot-assisted fundoplicatures were performed in two university pediatric surgery centers. Data of the patients were recorded, including peroperative data (operation length and complications), postoperative recoveries, and clinical evolution. The learning curve was evaluated retrospectively and each variable was compared along this learning curve.

Results We observed a flattening of the learning curve after the 20th case for one surgeon. The mean operative time decreased significantly to 80 ± 10 minutes after 20 cases. There were no conversions to an open procedure. A revision surgery was indicated for 4.7% of the patients by a surgical robot-assisted laparoscopic approach.

Conclusion The robotic system appears to add many advantages for surgical ergonomic procedures. There is a potential benefit in operating time with a short technical apprenticeship period. The setting up system is easy with a short docking time.
Peri- und postoperatives Ergebnis nach Nierentumorchirurgie bei pT1/pT2 Nierenzellkarzinom – eine retrospektive Zentrumsanalyse der funktionellen und onkologischen Ergebnisse
Authors: Ralla Bernhard , Buhl Stephanie , Goranova Irena , Maxeiner Andreas , Friedersdorff Frank , Magheli Ahmed , Hinz Stefan , Fuller T. Florian , Miller Kurt , Busch Jonas
Published: December 2017

Einleitung Für lokalisierte Nierenzellkarzinome (NZK) stellt die chirurgische Entfernung den einzigen kurativen Therapieansatz dar. Ziele der vorliegenden Arbeit waren die retrospektive Untersuchung peri- und postoperativer Verläufe sowie die Erhebung des onkologischen und funktionellen Langzeitverlaufes in Abhängigkeit vom angewandten operativen Verfahren bei Patienten mit NZK im Stadium pT1/pT2.

Patienten und Methoden Insgesamt wurden 758 Patienten mit NZK im Stadium pT1/pT2 eingeschlossen, die zwischen 01/2008 und 10/2014 eine radikale (RN) bzw. partielle Nephrektomie (PN) an der Klinik für Urologie der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin erhielten. Prä-, peri-, und postoperative Parameter wurden retrospektiv aus elektronisch gespeicherten Dokumenten des Klinikinformationssystems erhoben. Die Erhebung der onkologischen (Frage nach Rezidiv, Metastasierung bzw. Gesamtüberleben) und funktionellen (Nierenfunktion im Langzeitverlauf, Evaluation der Lebensqualität mittels QLQ-C30 Fragebogen) Nachsorgedaten erfolgte mit postalisch zugesandten Patientenfragebögen, strukturierten Telefoninterviews und Abfragen der Sterberegister der Einwohnermeldeämter. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv. Zur Berechnung des progressionsfreien, metastasenfreien und Gesamt-Überlebens wurden Kaplan-Meier Analysen angewandt.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse der peri- und postoperativen RN/PN-Datenauswertung zeigten für laparoskopisch durchgeführte Verfahren gegenüber den offenen Verfahren einen geringeren Blutverlust sowie niedrigere peri- und postoperative Komplikationsraten. Die funktionellen Kurz- und Langzeitergebnisse der Nierenfunktion zeigten nach RN einen höheren Anstieg des Serumkreatinins und eine stärkere Abnahme der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (eGFR). Kein Unterschied zeigte sich im Gesundheitszustand bzw. in der Lebensqualität. Das mediane Follow-up betrug 36 Monate und konnte in 65,8 % der Fälle durchgeführt werden. Insgesamt verstarben 10,4 % der Patienten. 4,7 % der Patienten entwickelten ein Rezidiv, bei 8,4 % trat eine Metastasierung auf. Onkologische Langzeitergebnisse zeigten keinen Unterschied zwischen dem laparoskopischen und offenen Verfahren für jeweils RN/PN.

Diskussion Zusammenfassend stellten alle chirurgischen Verfahren, die in dieser Arbeit untersucht wurden, sichere Therapieverfahren mit guten onkologischen und funktionellen Kurz- und Langzeitergebnissen dar. Laparoskopische operative Verfahren zeigten niedrigere intra- und postoperative Komplikationsraten im Vergleich zu offenen Verfahren. Weiterhin konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied hinsichtlich des Gesamtüberlebens und der Lebensqualität im Follow-up zwischen ORN und LRN bzw. OPN und LPN nachgewiesen werden.
Dunkelziffer nicht-akzidenteller thermischer Verletzungen im Kindesalter – Kinderschutzstrategien zur Reduktion
Authors: Klinke Michaela , Schmidt Claudia , Tegtmeyer Laura , Reinshagen Konrad , Boettcher Michael , Koenigs Ingo
Published: December 2017

Hintergrund Thermische Verletzungen stellen eine relevante Unfallursache im Kindesalter dar und sind häufig mit langen Krankenhausaufenthalten und schwerwiegenden physischen und psychischen Beeinträchtigungen der Patienten sowie oftmals lebenslangen Folgen verbunden. Verbrühungen, insbesondere im Kleinkindalter, sind die häufigste Form thermischer Verletzungen. Neben akzidentellen Unfallhergängen spielen nicht-akzidentelle Verletzungen eine wesentliche Rolle. Diese von akzidentellen Verletzungen zu unterscheiden, ist von höchster Wichtigkeit und stellt eine enorme Herausforderung für Ärzte, Pflegende und Mitarbeiter psychosozialer Dienste dar.

Methode In dieser multizentrischen Registerstudie wurden thermische Kindeswohlgefährdungen in Deutschland über einen Zeitraum von 10 Jahren analysiert.

Ergebnisse Es wurden Daten von 13.353 pädiatrischen Patienten mit thermischen Verletzungen aus 32 Krankenhäusern der Jahre 2006 bis 2015 in Deutschland erhoben. Entsprechend den Ergebnissen dieser Studie erscheint die Anzahl nicht-akzidenteller thermischer Verletzungen mit 0,5% in Deutschland im Vergleich zu internationalen Erhebungen, die von durchschnittlich 10% berichten, deutlich unterrepräsentiert.

Diskussion Es ist naheliegend, dass sich hinter dieser Differenz eine nicht unerhebliche Dunkelziffer verbirgt und wir folglich in Deutschland einen relevanten Anteil nicht-akzidenteller thermischer Verletzungen übersehen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Vermittlung eines Bewusstseins und die Sensibilisierung für nicht-akzidentelle thermische Verletzungen im Kindesalter. Darüber hinaus wird eine Strategie zur Erhöhung der Detektionsrate und Reduktion der Dunkelziffer definiert.

Schlussfolgerung Zukünftig ist eine umfassendere Datenerhebung notwendig, um nicht-akzidentelle thermische Verletzungen im Kindesalter realitätsnah abzubilden. Dies wird mit dem neu konzeptionierten Verbrennungsregister der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verbrennungsmedizin (DGV) und des Arbeitskreises „Das schwerbrandverletzte Kind“ umgesetzt.
Die Adipokine Adiponectin und Leptin
Authors: Bayer Wolfgang , Schmidt Karlheiz
Published: December 2017

Das Fettgewebe ist ein endokrines Organ und bildet eine ganze Reihe von Fettgewebshormonen,
die als Adipokine bezeichnet werden. Zu ihnen gehören als Leitsubstanzen Adiponectin und
Leptin. Weitere vom Fettgewebe gebildete Signalstoffe sind Hepcidin, Resistin und
Visfatin. Auch Mediatorstoffe wie Tumornekrosefaktor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
oder Plasminogen-Aktivator-Protein (PAI) werden im Fettgewebe gebildet und können im
weiteren Sinne zu den Adipokinen gezählt werden.