bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Adjuvant Therapy Necessary for Stage IB Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gu Mingyu , Zhao Binghe , Sui Changda , Wen Minghai , Wang Xinxin
Published: November 2024

Background

The benefit of adjuvant therapy for patients with IB gastric cancer (GC) is a topic of debate. This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of adjuvant therapy for patients with IB GC.

Methods

Overall, the study selected 510 IB GC patients after gastrectomy at the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China between 2005 and 2018. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Cox regression analyses were used to confirm the independent prognostic factors.

Results

Patients who received postoperative adjuvant therapy had a longer 5-year OS (92.9 %) than those who received surgery alone (86.7 %; P < 0.05), but the 5-year DFS did not differ significantly between the two groups (92.6 vs. 95.0 %; P > 0.05). Moreover, DFS did not differ between monotherapy, and combination therapy. Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that older age was a significant risk factor for tumor recurrence. Subgroup analyses also failed to identify suitable candidates for chemotherapy.

Conclusions

Because adjuvant therapy did not demonstrate any benefits in terms of tumor recurrence or DFS, these treatment strategies may be unnecessary for IB GC patients after gastrectomy. Further studies are required to identify subgroups of IB GC patients who may benefit from adjuvant treatments.
Ανάπτυξη βιοδραστικών ενώσεων έναντι χρόνιων φλεγμονωδών νόσων στοχεύοντας την ενεργοποίηση παθογόνων ινοβλαστών
Authors: Μαυρικάκη Βασιλική
Published: November 2024

Οι ινοβλάστες διαδραματίζουν κρίσιμο ρόλο στη ρύθμιση της φλεγμονής, της ίνωσης και του καρκίνου. Σήμερα, περισσότερο από το 50% όλων των θανάτων αποδίδονται σε νόσους που σχετίζονται με τη φλεγμονή, οι ινοπολλαπλασιαστικές ασθένειες μόνο το 2019 συνέβαλαν στο 17.8% της θνητότητας παγκοσμίως, ενώ το 2022 σημειώθηκαν 9.7 εκατομμύρια θάνατοι συσχετιζόμενοι με τον καρκίνο. Η στόχευση της ενεργοποίησης των ινοβλαστών σε αυτές τις πολυπαραγοντικές ασθένειες έχει πρόσφατα αναδειχθεί ως μια νέα προσέγγιση για την αποκατάσταση της ομοιόστασης των ιστών. Στην παρούσα διατριβή παρουσιάζεται μια διεπιστημονική μέθοδος ανακάλυψης ενώσεων-οδηγών μικρού μοριακού βάρους που αναστέλλουν την παθογόνο ενεργοποίηση των ινοβλαστών. Η έρευνα μας περιλαμβάνει το σχεδιασμό και τη σύνθεση νέων βιοδραστικών αναλόγων μέσω διερεύνησης εκτεταμένων μελετών σχέσεων δομής-δράσης και (βιο)ισοστερισμού. Τα προκύπτοντα βενζαμιδικά παράγωγα εξετάστηκαν ως προς την αντιφλεγμονώδη δράση τους χρησιμοποιώντας φαινοτυπικές δοκιμασίες, ενώ οι βιοφαρμακευτικές ιδιότητες των πιο υποσχόμενων ενώσεων αξιολογήθηκαν in vitro. Με τoν σχεδιασμό και τη χρήση αποτελεσματικών συνθετικών πορειών που επιτρέπουν τη παράλληλη σύνθεση των νέων βενζαμιδίων, η προσσέγισή μας ήταν σε θέση να αναδείξει βασικά δομικά συστατικά που επηρεάζουν την απενεργοποίηση των ινοβλαστών, να διακρίνει άτομα ή ομάδες που ευνοούν ένα επιθυμητό προφίλ ADMET, καθώς και να εντοπίσει μεταβολικά ευαίσθητες/ασταθείς ομάδες του νέου φαρμακοφόρου. Στη συνέχεια, έγινε αναζήτηση του μηχανισμού δράσης των ενώσεων με χρήση διαφόρων καινοτόμων τεχνολογιών αιχμής, όπως η χημειοπρωτεομική και η ανάλυση αλληλουχίας RNA, ακολουθούμενων από πειράματα επικύρωσης πρωτεϊνών-στόχων. Για τα πιο βελτιστοποιημένα παράγωγα πραγματοποιήθηκαν στη συνέχεια προκαταρκτικές μελέτες φαρμακοκινητικής και in vivo αξιολόγησης. Η παρούσα διατριβή παρουσιάζει την ανάπτυξη της πρώτης σειράς αναστολέων της πρωτεΐνης HYOU1, ένα μέλος της οικογένειας HSP70 που συνδέεται με τις κυτταρικές αποκρίσεις σε συνθήκες στρες. Η στόχευση της HYOU1 θα μπορούσε αποτελέσει μια νέα προσέγγιση για τη ρύθμιση της ενεργοποίησης των παθογόνων ινοβλαστών και την αντιμετώπιση χρόνιων φλεγμονωδών και ινωτικών καταστάσεων.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Sorafenib and Lenvatinib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients – A Key to Personalised Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Babu Merin , Sadasivan Shine , T P Aneesh , Van Gelder Teun , Thomas Shiny , Aravindkumar C T , Kartha Niveditha , Pavithran Keechilat
Published: November 2024

Cancer remains a public concern and leading cause of death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer, is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The number of cases is expected to double by 2040, according to GLOBOCAN 2020. Patients are usually diagnosed with advanced-stage HCC, which limits the number of effective treatment options. Oral-targeted therapies involving sorafenib and lenvatinib remain the first-line treatment option, which has recently been replaced by immunotherapy. Due to economic issues and ease of administration, the vast majority prefer oral systemic therapy. Sorafenib and lenvatinib, which belongs to tyrosine kinase inhibitors have few limitations of having large inter-individual variability in absorption, genetic polymorphisms, poor patient adherence to oral regimen limiting its long-term therapy. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring can overcome the limitations of TKIs and help individualise the dosage regimen with minimal adverse events. Therefore, this simple and rapid method using latest equipment enabled with ultra-high speed, high-sensitivity analysis (LCMS-8045) is expected to bring a change in clinical practice to improve the efficacy and safety of medication for optimal patient benefits.
Work-Nonwork boundaries in academia: A problematizing review
Authors: Čingienė Jūratė , Batuchina Aleksandra
Published: November 2024

The interplay between work and non-work in academic settings has been the subject of extensive research, particularly in relation to work-life balance and work-nonwork conflict. However, much of this literature has tended to overlook the specific dynamics of work-nonwork boundaries. Moreover, while prior research has explored general patterns of conflict and balance, it has not sufficiently addressed the unique pressures that academics face, such as high autonomy, irregular working hours, and competing demands. This review critically examines how the specific nature of academic work shapes the boundaries between work and non-work, advancing the conversation beyond traditional approaches. The central research question guiding this review is: How do the aspects of academic work shape the blurring of work-nonwork boundaries? Through a problematizing approach, this review relies on 41 articles to broaden and enhance our understanding of the boundary challenges academics encounter. Findings reveal that blurred work-nonwork boundaries in academia are driven by work-life demand overload, work-family conflicts, and a lack of organizational support, compounded by digitalisation and neoliberal practices. Heightened managerialism, careerism, and precarity exacerbate the blurring of these boundaries, affecting academics' well-being and identity work. By addressing these gaps, this review offers a nuanced understanding of how academics construct, navigate, and negotiate boundaries within a complex environment shaped by these pressures. The review challenges the limitations of conventional approaches to work-nonwork interface advocating for a more context-sensitive, problematizing perspective.
Primary school teachers’ views on language-responsive physical education
Authors: Leineweber Helga
Published: November 2024

Language-responsive teaching aims to promote pupils’ participation opportunities by enabling them to acquire general academic language skills. It is assumed that the acquisition of academic language competencies must be accompanied and supported by the entire school and all school subjects. Yet, the idea of language-responsive Physical Education (PE) seems to be taken up only reluctantly in the current subject didactic and academic discourse. Thus, it is the aim of this article to contribute to bringing this topic into focus. The possibilities and limitations of language-responsive teaching in PE are examined from the teachers’ point of view. Special attention is paid to pupils facing language-barriers, as it is essential for this group to receive extra support to avoid educational disadvantages. Language education in PE has been a rather marginalized topic – much in contrast to the more recent discourse on general education and its crucial role for long-term academic and socio-economic success. It has been argued that the potential for language-building in PE has not been exploited satisfactorily. The observation that the idea of language-responsive PE has received little attention, despite its promising potential, begs the question of possible reasons. The following inquiry therefore investigates the perspectives of PE teachers on language-responsive teaching. The study consisted of 26 qualitative interviews with primary school teachers and aimed to generate insights into the importance attached to language teaching in PE in general (a), and its relevance for pupils’ participation in PE as well as for creating equal educational opportunities (b). Moreover, the study explores subject-specific potentials and challenges for language-responsive teaching faced by teachers with respect to pupils with special needs in language and communication or non-native speakers who have difficulties in understanding the language of instruction (c).
Statystyczna i ekonometryczna analiza przestrzennych zjawisk ekonomicznych. Metody i zastosowania
Authors: Szulc Elżbieta , Jakiewicz Mateusz
Published: November 2024

The book is an overview of tools and quantitative methods useful for analysing various aspects of economic phenomena from the perspective of spatial and spatio-temporal tendencies and regularities, and it contains examples of solutions to specific economic problems using real and current data. The choice of the discussed methods was dictated by their practical usefulness and the assessment of cognitive values. Empirical examples touch upon important problems of the economy, such as the regional economy, and, at the same time, constitute contributions to deeper and broader research analyses. The presented research approaches meet the challenges of contemporary trends, observed both in the developed methodology as well as spatial empirical analyses. Analyses of economic phenomena using the methods described in this book and data "located" in space and time allow for taking into consideration many important aspects of the actual course of these phenomena. The publication may be of interest to researchers (also outside the group of statisticians and econometricians, e.g. economic geographers) and practitioners, in particular, economic analysts or representatives of regional policy. It can also help students of economics, regional studies, socio-economic geography, etc. to master useful methods and acquire skills in using them.
Kobiety w dynastii Piastów. Rola społeczna piastowskich żon i córek do połowy XII wieku - studium porównawcze
Authors: Pac Grzegorz
Published: November 2024

Jakie miejsce zajmowały kobiety w pierwszej polskiej dynastii? Czego od nich oczekiwano i jak rozumiano ich społeczne role? Czy kobiety bywały podmiotem działań, czy też pozostawały wyłącznie instrumentami w grze prowadzonej przez mężczyzn? Na te pytania szukamy odpowiedzi w prezentowanej książce. Przedstawia ona dynastię Piastów w okresie pierwszych dwustu lat polskiej państwowości, ukazując ją na tle innych rodów panujących Europy wcześniejszego średniowiecza. Podejmowane analizy koncentrują się m.in. na obecnych w kulturze wcześniejszego średniowiecza żeńskich wzorcach zachowań, roli kobiet jako fundatorek i dobrodziejek Kościoła, ich zaangażowaniu w liturgiczną pamięć rodu i wpływie na jego imiennictwo, a także na funkcjach, jakie pełnił w dynastii rodowy klasztor żeński. Na okres wczesnopiastowski patrzymy więc z innej perspektywy, stawiając w centrum zainteresowania nieme dotąd bohaterki rodzimych dziejów – żony i córki polskich władców.
Hylé i noesis. Trzy międzywojenne koncepcje literatury stosowanej
Authors: Wróbel Łukasz
Published: November 2024

Rozprawa jest poświęcona analizie trzech koncepcji „literatury stosowanej”, jakie zapisano w międzywojennych publikacjach trojga polskich badaczy (Romana Ingardena, Stefanii Skwarczyńskiej, Konstantego Troczyńskiego). Została w niej podjęta problematyka materialności świata realnego, jej wpływu na to, co symboliczne, a także trybów referencji w gatunkach literatury stosowanej. W tym samym 1931 roku zostały wydane: Romana Ingardena Das literarische Kunstwerk, Stefanii Skwarczyńskiej O pojęcie literatury stosowanej oraz Konstantego Troczyńskiego Rozprawa o krytyce literackiej. Wszystkie trzy publikacje odbiły się głośnym echem pośród literaturoznawców, wszystkie trzy wniosły niebagatelny wkład w ówczesne rozważania teoretycznoliterackie, krytycznoliterackie oraz estetyczne, a także wyznaczyły pole do dalszych poszukiwań i dociekań. Ingarden, Skwarczyńska i Troczyński dążą do zdobycia wiedzy pewnej, do zbudowania takich metodologii, które spełnią wymogi tradycyjnej, scjentystycznie pojmowanej épistéme. Zarazem jednak cały ich wysiłek jest skoncentrowany na umożliwieniu dotarcia do materialnych rzeczy świata realnego i zachowaniu właściwej im osnowy ontologicznej w obrębie samych doświadczeń poznawczych, a także konkretnych ich wyników. Chcą te dwie strony: podmiot ze szkiełkiem i okiem narzędzi badawczych oraz samoistną bytowo, transcendentną, materialną rzeczywistość, zachować we wzajemnym, genetycznym uwikłaniu. Ich badania i koncepcje zdają sprawę z przeświadczenia o tym, że oddanie rzeczy w zamian za jej stabilny semantycznie znak idzie w parze z gestem opanowania kosmosu, zaś rzeczowość rzeczy – stawiająca opór poznaniu – prowadzi w głąb życia. Znajomość geometrii przedmiotu nie wystarczy do tego, by rzeczy dotknąć, by móc odczuć jej narzucającą się obecność. Niebezpieczeństwo zawsze tkwi bowiem w nadmiernie gładkiej eksplikacji. Ingardenowi, Skwarczyńskiej i Troczyńskiemu idzie o taki projekt gatunków literatury stosowanej, dzięki któremu poznający podmiot – biologiczny i kruchy – nie będzie apodyktycznie górował nad czarnymi blankami bytu, a zarazem efekty ich obecności wprowadzi w obręb swoich doświadczeń poznawczych.
Przedsiębiorstwo sieciowe wyzwaniem dla współczesnej ekonomicznej teorii firmy
Authors: Szortyka Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

Monografia składa się z sześciu rozdziałów. W pierwszym przedstawiono istotę funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego oraz przybliżono zagadnienie koordynacji działalności gospodarczej, stanowiącej odpowiednią integrację działań oraz ważny aspekt w zapewnieniu zgodności przedsięwzięć inicjowanych przez wiele podmiotów gospodarczych. Pokazano również różne rodzaje koordynacji działalności gospodarczej. W kolejnych trzech rozdziałach zajęto się wytypowaniem, który mechanizm koordynacji działalności gospodarczej znajduje zastosowanie w funkcjonowaniu przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego. Najpierw przedstawiono klasyczne mechanizmy koordynacji działalności gospodarczej – rynek i hierarchię. Rozdział drugi poświęcono rynkowi. Zdefiniowano w nim mechanizm rynkowy, zidentyfikowano koszty funkcjonowania tegoż mechanizmu oraz przedstawiono zagadnienie zawodności rynku. Z kolei rozdział trzeci dotyczy hierarchii oraz form posthierarchicznych: heterarchii oraz hiperarchii. W rozdziale czwartym zaprezentowano nowy mechanizm koordynacji działalności gospodarczej, jakim jest sieć. Zarysowano różnice między wskazanymi mechanizmami, a szczególny nacisk położono na sieć. W rozdział piątym scharakteryzowano przedsiębiorstwo jako przedmiot badań w ekonomii i naukach o zarządzaniu. Następnie przedstawiono kluczowe nurty współczesnej teorii przedsiębiorstwa w ekonomii i naukach o zarządzaniu, nie tylko uwzględniając klasyczne podejście, lecz także odwołując się do najistotniejszych nurtów alternatywnych. Rozdział szósty poświęcono ocenie przydatności współczesnej ekonomicznej teorii firmy do badania przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego. Skoncentrowano się na analizowaniu przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego z punktu widzenia ekonomii instytucjonalnej (NEI) jako tej, która w największym stopniu może utorować drogę do wyjaśnienia zjawisk zachodzących we współczesnym świecie, w tym działanie przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego. Dokonano krytycznej analizy przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego z perspektywy teorii kosztów transakcyjnych, teorii kontraktowych, teorii agencji oraz teorii praw własności. Teoria kosztów transakcyjnych, będąca jednym z głównym elementów nowej ekonomii instytucjonalnej, pozwoliła w najszerszym stopniu odnieść się do przedsiębiorstwa sieciowego. Umożliwiła rozważenie problemu kooperacji w przedsiębiorstwie sieciowym oraz porównanie kosztów transakcyjnych ponoszonych w przedsiębiorstwie tradycyjnym oraz sieciowym
O pojęciu dowodu w matematyce
Authors: Wójtowicz Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

Książka jest poświęcona analizie statusu dowodów matematycznych. Na proces dowodzenia w matematyce można patrzeć jako na pewnego typu argumentację, która jest ujęta w precyzyjnie skodyfikowane reguły. Jednak standardy dowodowe ewoluują, nieuchronnie pojawiają się też w nich elementy uznaniowe - przyjęcie pewnych reguł jako powszechnie akceptowanych odbywa się bowiem na etapie preteoretycznym. Co więcej, dowody matematyczne znane z praktyki odległe są od wersji sformalizowanej. Ta rozbieżność prowadzi do ciekawych problemów filozoficznych. W książce analizowane są: (1) problem relacji między realnymi, znanymi z praktyki dowodami matematycznymi a dowodami traktowanymi jako formalne ciągi symboli (będącymi przedmiotem zainteresowania teorii dowodu), (2) problem rozumienia w matematyce i zagadnienie eksplanacyjnej roli dowodów matematycznych, (3) kwestia empirycznych elementów w dowodach matematycznych i empirycznego zapośredniczenia wiedzy matematycznej.
Psychological Distance and Algorithm Aversion: Congruency and Advisor Confidence
Authors: Kirshner Samuel N.
Published: November 2024

Employees and consumers have varying preferences between human and algorithmic advisors. Drawing on construal level theory, I hypothesize that individual differences in algorithm aversion can be explained by the perception that algorithms are psychologically farther away than human advisors. The first set of studies (n = 266) shows that algorithms are viewed as abstract and distant compared with humans, even when their outputs are perceived at a low-level construal, challenging prior research. Leveraging construal congruency, the second set of studies (n = 1,148) shows that farther within-task psychological distance generally increases preference for algorithmic advisors due to differences in advisor confidence. Specifically, I contribute to the literature by showing that a far psychological distance within a task reduces confidence in human advisors. In contrast, confidence in algorithms remains stable, increasing algorithm appreciation at farther within-task distances.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Service Science Special Issue on Navigating the Use of Technology in Service Marketing.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2023.0054 .
Gerontecnologias para auxiliar familiares cuidadores de pessoas idosas com doença de Alzheimer: pesquisa-ação estratégica
Authors: Ilha Silomar , Casarin Francine , Huppes Betânia , Gautério-Abreu Daiane Porto , Fernandes Francisco , Munhoz Oclaris Lopes
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: descrever gerontecnologias sugeridas por estudantes de graduação da área da saúde para auxiliar familiares cuidadores nas principais dificuldades vivenciadas no cuidado de pessoas idosas com doença de Alzheimer. Método: estudo do tipo pesquisa-ação estratégica, realizada com sete familiares cuidadores de idosos com a doença de Alzheimer e 12 estudantes de graduação de uma universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados com os familiares por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Com os estudantes, realizaram-se dois grupos focais. O tratamento dos dados ocorreu pela técnica de análise textual discursiva. Resultados: emergiram dez dificuldades que correspondem aos aspectos cognitivos, às Atividades de Vida Diária e às questões ligadas à família/cuidador/sociedade. Foi possível descrever dez categorias de gerontecnologias de cuidado na forma de produto e/ou de processo/conhecimento/estratégia. Considerações finais: as gerontecnologias identificadas possuem potencial de auxiliar famílias e cuidadores no cuidado à pessoa idosa com doença de Alzheimer.
Estratégias para uma vivência positiva da aposentadoria na perspectiva de professores aposentados e de seus familiares
Authors: Marquete Verônica Francisqueti , Marcon Sonia Silva , Silva Thiago Privado da , Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Loureiro Helena  Maria Almeida Macedo , Teston Elen Ferraz
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: apreender as estratégias apontadas por professores aposentados e seus familiares para vivenciarem positivamente a aposentadoria. Método: estudo qualitativo, ancorado na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, vertente construtivista, e à luz das premissas do Interacionismo Simbólico. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre agosto de 2021 e junho de 2022, mediante entrevistas individuais com 18 docentes aposentados de uma universidade pública e oito familiares. Resultados: algumas estratégias foram consideradas importantes para experienciar positivamente a aposentadoria: apoio familiar, social na realocação dos aposentados, apreciar a própria companhia, se preparar para a aposentadoria e encontrar outras atividades para preencher o tempo livre. Considerações finais: ter o apoio e suporte dos familiares; se constituir individualmente; saber desfrutar da sua própria companhia; ter-se preparado para aposentadoria; desenvolver atividades que goste; ocupar-se com novas atividades, entre as quais consultorias, serviços voluntários e projetos sociais constituem estratégias para uma experiência positiva na aposentadoria.
Fatores que interferem na saúde mental de adolescentes escolares no contexto rural
Authors: Silveira Andressa da , Soster Francieli Franco , Santos Lairany Monteiro dos , Probst Tamara , Oliveira Juliana Portela de , Vargas Tainara Giovana Chaves de , Soccol Keity Laís Siepmann
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: conhecer os fatores que interferem na saúde mental de adolescentes escolares no contexto rural. Método estudo qualitativo e participativo, mediado pelo Método Criativo e Sensível, a partir da Dinâmica de Criatividade e Sensibilidade “Árvore do Conhecimento”, realizada com adolescentes de duas escolas rurais. As enunciações foram submetidas à análise de discurso francesa. Resultados: participaram do estudo 26 adolescentes, 11 provenientes da região noroeste e 15 da região central, com faixas etárias entre 12 e 17 anos. Emergiram três categorias: “Saúde mental e relações sociais/familiares de adolescentes escolares da área rural”; “Violência e sofrimento no cotidiano de adolescentes escolares da área rural”; “Estratégias de enfrentamento dos adolescentes para a melhoria da saúde mental”. Considerações finais: relações conflituosas estabelecidas com familiares, amigos e professores interferem na saúde mental dos adolescentes. Sugere-se a realização de atividades educativas, que discorram sobre a saúde mental, instigando a quebra de tabus com relação à temática.
Necessidades de saúde dos homens em atenção domiciliar: visibilidade das diferentes masculinidades
Authors: Ferreira Jocelly de Araújo , Silva Kênia Lara , Duarte Elysângela Dittz , Schreck Rafaela Siqueira Costa , França Bruna Dias , Marques Rita de Cássia
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: analisar as necessidades de saúde dos homens em cuidado domiciliar mediante as diferentes masculinidades Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no referencial das Necessidades de Saúde. O estudo foi desenvolvido em João Pessoa, na Paraíba, com amostra populacional delimitada por homens em cuidado domiciliar, com faixa etária entre 18 e 59 anos; e por cuidadores. Realizou-se 58 entrevistas e os dados submetidos à Análise de Discurso Crítica proposta por Fairclough. Resultados: ressalta-se a necessidade de locomoção como algo indispensável para o homem que se considera livre. Neste sentido, muitos homens, têm a masculinidade ameaçada pelas limitações ocasionadas pelas condições de saúde. A necessidade de curativos os coloca em condições de limitação e segregação. Além disso, identificou-se que as condições impostas a esses homens geram impactos para sexualidade. Considerações finais: as necessidades de saúde masculina estão condicionadas ao modelo hegemônico, vinculado às necessidades naturais.
Early impact of an integrated healthcare model on stakeholders in China
Authors: Wang Xueping , Trigo Virgínia , Mello-Sampayo Felipa de , Wei Wu , Ferreira Nuno B
Published: November 2024

Background/Aims

Since 2017, China has been implementing an integrated healthcare system, aiming to expand county hospitals, reduce patient expenses and deliver better care. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of this model in Dancheng County, using stakeholder theory to analyse the views of all affected parties.

Methods

Participants living and working in Dancheng County were recruited from several groups, including: government officials, heads of healthcare organisations, healthcare staff, patients and suppliers. Both public and private healthcare institutions were included. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data on participants' experiences and views of the new model. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using content analysis.

Results

Government officials and those working in public healthcare institutions were generally positive about the new model, reporting that it improved financial management, allowed more investment in county hospitals and reduced the profit-seeking behaviours of medical institutions. Patients noted good quality care at a reduced cost. However, private institutions and suppliers noted reduced income and increased supervision, which had negatively affected their profits.

Conclusions

The integrated model has brought several benefits, particularly to public healthcare institutions, staff and patients. This model may help to reduce profit-seeking behaviours in medical institutions. However, further development is needed to assess and mitigate the negative impact on stakeholders.
Onwards and upwards
Authors: Lewis Philip
Published: November 2024

Philip Lewis† discusses career development opportunities for dental nurses.
Designing the Contemporary Implementation of Traditional knowledge and Evidence (CITE) framework to guide the application of traditional knowledge in contemporary health contexts: a Delphi study
Authors: Steel Amie , Foley Hope , Bugarcic Andrea , Adams Jon , Leach Matthew , Wardle Jon
Published: November 2024

Background:

The 2018 Declaration of Astana acknowledges the need to include traditional, complementary and integrative health care (TCIH) knowledge and technologies within primary health care. The World Health Assembly has also called member states to integrate TCIH into national healthcare systems. However, little attention has been given to developing supportive resources for this process in practice, policy, research and education.

Methods:

This study employed Delphi methodology to refine a framework for the evaluation and implementation of text-based traditional knowledge in contemporary health contexts. An international sample was recruited of expert participants with experience in a diversity of settings and disciplines. Framework items were retained, removed or modified based on participant consensus agreement on the importance of each item (consensus set at ≥75 per cent agreement), and mapped for comprehensiveness against an implementation framework.

Findings:

The initial survey round was completed by 19 participants and the second round by 15 participants. Most participants (n=15) held TCIH qualifications, representing six TCIH professions in total (naturopathy, Western herbal medicine, osteopathy, traditional Chinese and Oriental medicine, Ayurveda, and homeopathy). Participants typically had experience in multiple contexts across clinical practice, research, education and policy development. Consensus was achieved after two rounds and the resulting framework included three sections comprising guiding principles (five items), critical appraisal criteria (three items) and application criteria (eight items).

Conclusions:

As the international health community increasingly recognised the potential value and importance of TCIH knowledge and technologies, this Contemporary Implementation of Traditional knowledge and Evidence (CITE) Framework provides a timely and much-needed practical guide to rigorous and respectful traditional knowledge implementation.
Feminist protests in times of democratic backsliding: a comparative analysis of Hungary and Poland
Authors: Gwiazda Anna
Published: November 2024

Why are feminist protests more widespread in some countries experiencing democratic backsliding than in others? This article explores this question using the most-similar-systems design, examining two Central European countries that experienced democratic backsliding but demonstrated different degrees of women’s mobilization. Feminist protests were limited in Hungary but widespread in Poland in response to illiberal changes and an antifeminist backlash. Adding to political process theory, this article argues that feminist issue salience, derived from context-specific and attitudinal characteristics, helps to understand the scope of protests over domestic violence and obstetric violence in Hungary and reproductive rights in Poland. This article also demonstrates that in Hungary, the government’s concessions reduced issue salience and led to demobilization, while in Poland, prior activism and the government’s regressive actions heightened issue salience, fuelled further protests and ultimately drove political change, offering new insights into the dynamics of de-democratization and re-democratization.
Wonder of Wonders: How Nonstandard Lives Help Us to Remain Human
Authors: Brock Brian
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: Wonder is a gateway, not a machine. It is not something that can be functionalized for the purposes of education, moral uplift, or humanizing medicine. The things and experiences that evoke wonder today have their own history. Inhabitants of the Western developed world, for instance, have been taught to wonder at the power of science to control nature and at the ingenuity of the scientists and technicians who have invented the techniques of science and technology. This article examines what wonder tells us about our grasp of the human, and also why the language of wonder sometimes jars within the constraints of modern, liberal, scientifically inclined public discourse. The author suggests that privileging wonder at the appearance of the nonstandard human body is important for the lives of disabled people and also as a corrective force to ensure that the form of wonder that dominates the modern developed West—wonder at our own powers of scientific description and medical remaking of the human—not become inhumane.
Donning the Imaging Gown : Enchanting the Ill and Pregnant Body in Art
Authors: Stahl Darian Goldin
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The hospital gown is a particularly charged article of clothing. For the chronically ill and disabled, the ritual of donning the gown signals a change of identity from “person” to “patient.” This essay chronicles the metamorphosis of a standard hospital gown into a work of wearable art that showcases the glittering pregnant body. Rather than thinly shrouding nakedness, this gown reveals the nude, gravid, and disabled figure as not only worthy of artistic concentration, but full of wonder and enchantment. This work emerges from the author’s decade-long collaborative practice with her sister, Devan Stahl, as her experiences living under the medical gaze are compounded in the pursuit of motherhood. The Imaging Gown takes up past and present visual cultures of medicine and re-presents them with sublime sensibilities that affirm the patient perspective.
Helen Keller and the Burden of Wonder
Authors: Serlin David
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: This essay examines the concept of “wonder” in relation to the life of deafblind author and activist Helen Keller (1880–1968), who was often billed in popular media as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.” For Keller, being known as a “wonder” was not always a positive attribute: the term, far from being neutral, conceals the uneven power dynamic between the one doing the wondering and the one who inspires the wonder. Using excerpts from a range of sources—from Keller’s second autobiography The World I Live in (1908) to hotelier Conrad Hilton’s autobiography Be My Guest (1957)—the author argues that Keller was never a passive object of other people’s wonder but a proactive agent of her own wonder-making. In the end, Keller endured the burden of being known as the “Eighth Wonder” while also resisting its cumulative effects.
On the Edge of Completeness: The Struggle to Negotiate an 'Urban' Identity in Leesburg, Virginia
Authors: Shayer Ryan , Oliver Robert , Cowell Margaret
Published: November 2024

abstract: Leesburg, Virginia, located approximately forty miles northwest of Washington's downtown core, has historically avoided the intense urban development pressures that many of Washington's more proximate suburban locations (i.e. Fairfax, Falls Church, Ashburn and Arlington) have experienced. Yet, Leesburg's position in Loudon County – one of the fastest growing counties in the United States in terms of population growth over the past two decades – now means that the Town of Leesburg is no longer situated in the metropolitan fringe. We posit that a recent development named Virginia Village represents a key turning point in the town's urban development history, specifically because the project reveals the uncertainty of the town's planning agenda and reveals the difficulties of protecting an authentic sense of place and small town-feel that distinguishes Leesburg from its neighboring suburban localities.
Probability distribution-based method for aberration budgeting in EUV lithography
Authors: Wang Jiashuo , Su Xiaojing , Su Yajuan , Wei Yayi
Published: November 2024

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is one of the most indispensable technologies in semiconductor manufacturing for 7 nm and smaller technology nodes. However, many key parameters in the lithography system may deviate from target values, and there are extremely complex coupling effects among these parameters. Additionally, aberrations that far exceed expectations damage lithography results severely. These accidents pose significant challenges in achieving satisfactory lithography outcomes. To investigate the impact of aberrations coupled with multiple key parameters on lithography results, and to provide quantitative and precise direction for the research and development of lithography systems, this paper proposes a methodology of budget analysis of aberrations based on probability distribution. First, a rapid prediction model of lithography results is established by multilayer perceptron. Then, the lithography results under different parameter conditions are obtained according to the prediction model. Subsequently, the aberration combinations that meet lithography requirements are filtered out. Finally, the impact of each aberration on lithography results and their budget range can be determined according to the general distribution and joint probability distribution of aberrations coupled with multiple key parameters. For patterns commonly used in EUV single exposure at the 5 nm technology node, this paper finds that aberrations such as Z2 and Z4 exhibit significant impacts on lithography results under the coupling of multiple key parameters. Additionally, all the budget ranges of aberrations are obtained. Specifically, for example, Z2, Z4, and Z5, their budget ranges are -18∼15mλ, 10∼45mλ, 7∼43mλ, respectively. While items such as Z1 and Z27, their budget ranges are -40∼40mλ consistently. This method can obtain the impact and budget range of aberrations under the coupling of multiple key parameters in the lithography system quickly and accurately. It can provide a reliable guideline for aberration compensation and optimization, and the research and development of lithography systems. Moreover, the budget ranges obtained by this method can also serve as a clear indicator for aberration monitoring.
Hole-assisted three-core fiber directional coupler operated in reflection mode for vector bending measurement
Authors: Ye Peng , Yang Jing , Li Binbing , Gao Shan , Liu Yan , Liu Bo , Bai Yao , Zheng Yulin , Mao Guopei , Yuan Libo , Guan Chunying
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate a vector bending sensor operated in reflection mode based on a hole-assisted three-core fiber (HATCF) coupler. The sensor is built by splicing a piece of HATCF with a gold film-coated end to a single-mode fiber (SMF). The gold film on the center core end is etched with femtosecond laser and only the lights transmitted in the two suspended cores of the HATCF are reflected. The center core couples with the two suspended cores at different wavelengths, respectively. The bending direction and curvature are identified by monitoring the wavelength of the two coupled peaks. The maximum curvature sensitivity of the sensor is 15.146 nm/m−1. The temperature sensitivity is less than −58.8 pm/°C. The vector bending sensor operated in reflection mode has the advantages of a compact structure and simple transmission line, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integration of optical fiber bending sensors.
3D-printed OAM beam generator with an enhanced out-of-band gain filtering characteristic
Authors: Li Jianxing , Wu Sifan , Li Zeting , Cao Yuanxi , Xu Kai-Da
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a 3D-printed orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam generator is proposed with integrated gain-filtering characteristics. The proposed design is composed of an integrated all-resonator 1-to-8 filtering power divider, eight-phase delay lines with twisted waveguides, and an eight-horn circular array. Unlike conventional fabrication methods, the proposed OAM generator is monolithically fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) 3D-printing technology. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed design achieves OAM beams with mode number l =+1 and a mode purity of around 80%. Additionally, it exhibits a gain-filtering response with out-of-band suppression levels exceeding 30 dB in the main beam directions. The air-filled all-metal structure allows the OAM beam generator to achieve a maximum total efficiency of over 80%. The proposed OAM generator with gain filtering response not only enhances channel capacity but also helps to avoid adjacent frequency interference, demonstrating great potential in millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) wireless systems.
Net 30-Tb/s bidirectional IM/DD optical interconnect over 19-core fiber enabled by WDM uplink/downlink twin-SSB PAM-4 transmission
Authors: Yang Chao , Gong Yuhan , Zhou Tingyi , Luo Ming , Tao Jin , Liu Zichen , Liu Xumeng , Wang Lei , Li Chao , Xiao Xi , He Zhixue
Published: November 2024

High-capacity optical interconnects with short reach are hugely demanded driven by the exponential growth of data traffic. In this work, four-channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) uplink/downlink twin single-sideband (twin-SSB) signals are implemented by a wavelength selective switch (WSS) at once, which simplifies the structure of multi-channel SSB transmitters and reduces the cost of high-capacity optical interconnect. Compared to a double sideband scheme, it has been experimentally proven that the performance of SSB transmission over standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) at C-band with an ultra-high baud rate has been greatly improved, which has the ability to effectively overcome the power fading induced by chromatic dispersion in an intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) system. Besides, Rayleigh backscattering cross talk introduced by the same wavelengths in single-fiber bidirectional transmission is avoided by the proposed uplink/downlink twin-SSB scheme, which achieves 0.5-dB receiver sensitivity improvement compared to the conventional scheme. Finally, whtat is believed to be a record C-band 36.48-Tb/s PAM-4 4λ WDM IM/DD bidirectional optical interconnect is successfully demonstrated over 1-km 19-core fiber under a 20% soft-decision forward error correction (SD-FEC) threshold of 2.4×10−2 for beyond net 30-Tb/s large-capacity optical interconnection application.
Optimal performance selection of sustainable mobility service projects based on IFSS ‐ Prospect theory ‐ VIKOR: A case study of electric vehicle sharing program
Authors: Liu Huixin , Lu Chen , Hao Xiang , Zhao Hui
Published: November 2024

Current mobility trend indicates that the number of private cars will decline in the near future. One of the reasons for this trend is the development of Mobility as a Service (MaaS), which in conjunction with information and communication technologies (ICT) drive the application of transport services in smart city, respond to environmental issues, and provide users with reliable mobility. Electric vehicle sharing (EVS) travel has been regarded as a feasible mainstream model of sustainable mobility services in the future, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of motor vehicles, solve the problems of traffic congestion, environmental pollution and urban land, and promote low-carbon and sustainable development. To help electric vehicle operators improve service quality, the establishment of EVS program service performance evaluation is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on this, this paper firstly constructs the evaluation index system from 5 aspects: electric vehicle, charge station, user experience, payment and intelligent services through literature review and Delphi method. Secondly, the criteria importance though intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) and the improved G1 method are introduced to overcome the shortcomings of the single method, and the combined weights are calculated by the multiplication normalization method. Finally, a decision model based on intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (IFSS)-prospect theory and VIse Kriterijumski Optimizacioni Racun (VIKOR) method is constructed to select the best service performance of EVS program, and its feasibility and effectiveness are verified by sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis. The result shows that EVCARD is the best performing EVS program, and shared electric vehicle and charge station are the key factors to be considered in the selection. This study provides scientific and feasible guidance for the optimal service performance selection of EVS programs, which is of great significance for users to choose EVS programs.
Artificial intelligence empowering museum space layout design: Insights from China
Authors: Tang Qiang , Zheng Liang , Chen Yile , Yan Lina , Chen Junzhang
Published: November 2024

The floor plan layout of museum exhibition spaces is the skeleton network of the museum, which determines the internal circulation and spatial form of the museum. This paper studies the method and practice of using artificial intelligence technology to assist in the space design of exhibition halls in urban cultural museums. First, it introduces the limitations of traditional space design methods for exhibition halls in urban cultural museums and the superiority and application prospects of the CGAN (conditional generative adversarial network) model in space design. Second, the principle and training process of the CGAN model are explained in detail, and the experimental results and analysis are given. By learning 100 floor plans of exhibition halls of urban culture museums, the CGAN model can generate a new floor plan design for an exhibition hall, which provides a new idea and innovative method for this design task. Finally, the limitations and future research directions of the CGAN model in the space design of urban cultural museum exhibition halls are discussed. The study shows that using the CGAN model to learn the floor plans of exhibition halls of urban cultural museums can effectively improve the innovation and practicability of space design and has the following advantages: (1) It can quickly generate a large number of exhibition hall floor plans, shorten the design cycle, and improve design efficiency. (2) The generated floor plan designs of the exhibition hall are diverse and personalized, meeting the design requirements of different scenarios and needs. (3) The method promotes the deep integration of space design and artificial intelligence technology and provides new possibilities and ideas for space design. These conclusions provide new ideas and methods for the space design of exhibition halls of urban cultural museums and provide a reference and inspiration for space design and intelligent applications in other fields, such as office space design, home decoration space design, landscape space design, and historical arcade and building renovation design.
Potential of Cameroonian isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for the biocontrol of the banana aphid, Pentalonia nigronervosa, vector of banana bunchy top virus
Authors: Enoh Aime Cheoh , Akoachere Jane-Francis , Fossi Tatsinkou Bertrand , Membang Gertrude , Ngatat Sergine , Fotso Kuate Apollin , Hanna Rachid , Kumar P. Lava , Fiaboe Komi K. Mokpokpo
Published: November 2024

Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin are entomopathogenic fungi commonly used in microbial control of arthropods. In this study, we evaluated the insecticidal potential of six isolates of B. bassiana (BIITAC10.3.3, BIITAC6.2.2, and BIITAC8.1.5) and M. anisopliae (MIITAC11.3.4, MIITAC6.2.2, and MIITAC6.4.2) from Cameroon, against the banana aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, the vector of the banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). Pathogenicity tests were initially conducted using B. bassiana and M. anisopliae isolates at a concentration of 3.2 × 106 conidia/ml on P. nigronervosa adults sourced from four agroecologies in Cameroon. Four isolates (BIITAC6.2.2, BIITAC10.3.3, BIITAC8.1.5, and MIITAC6.2.2) were highly pathogenic, causing greater than 75% aphid mortality in all populations. A significant decrease in aphid fecundity was observed with BIITAC6.2.2, MIITAC6.2.2, and BIITAC10.3.3. These three isolates were in a test of a series of four fungal concentrations (3.2 × 101, 3.2 × 102, 3.2 × 104, and 3.2 × 106 conidia/ml). produced LC50 of 1.31 × 101 and 3.12 × 10−2 for BIITAC10.3.3 and MIITAC6.2.2, respectively. MIITAC6.2.2 had the lowest LC90 (1.55 × 103). Our results strongly support the continued development of biopesticides based on one or more of the three fungal entomopathogens for the control of banana aphids as a component of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy for the reduction of the prevalence and transmission of BBTV under field conditions.