bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Ayurvedic herbal formulation and Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation in hypothyroidism patients
Authors:   National Ayurveda Research and Training Center, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, Joshi Amit Man , Yadav Ram Adhar ,   National Ayurveda Research and Training Center, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, Shrestha Sirjana ,   Ayurveda Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal, Shrestha Jitendra ,   National Ayurveda Research and Training Center, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
Published: February 2022

Background: Hypothyroidism is one of the major endrocrine disorders seen in general population worldwide. Although modern drugs are quite effective in managing hypothyroidism, it is subject to sustaining certain side effects. So, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbal formulation and Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation in managing hypothyroidism in Nepalese population. Methods and analysis: This study was a randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial. A total of 50 participants with the diagnosis of hypothyroidism was randomly assigned to the intervention group or control group in a ratio of 1:1 for 4 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the thyroidstimulating hormone level, and secondary outcome measures was the change in body mass index, waist-hip ratio, blood glucose level, lipid profile, liver function tests and renal function tests between the baseline and at 4 weeks after intervention. Statistical analysis was done by comparing categorical variables using chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test and comparing continuous variables using paired and unpaired student’s t test. Results: There was a decrease in TSH levels of the participants by 12.5% and 7.9%, after intervention with AHF and AHMF, respectively. There were a small statistical significant difference only in waist-hip ratio ( p= 0.04) when compared before and after treatment with AHF and AHMF whereas there was no significant changes observed in other clinical variables after intervention with AHF and AHMF. Conclusion: This study may provide new evidence for the effectiveness of Ayurvedic herbal formulation and Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation in hypothyroidism in context of Nepal.
Basti Therapy (medicated enema) in gynecological practice: A way forward in managing oligo-hypomenorrhoea (Artavakshaya)
Authors:   PG Scholar, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India, Monisha VM , Roy Anuradha ,   Associate Professor, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India, Sen Binay ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
Published: February 2022

Artavakshaya (oligo-hypomenorrhoea) is a condition described in Ayurvedic classics in which vitiated vata and kapha dosha causes obstruction in the artavavahasrotas (channels that carries menstrual blood or artava). The characteric features of Artavakshaya include yathochitakalaadarshana (prolonged intermenstrual period), alpata (scanty bleeding) and yonivedana (pain in vagina or pain during menses). Artavakshaya is a condition very much similar to the oligohypomenorrhoea which is characterized by cycle which are longer than 35 days and with bleeding less than 2 days. The principles of management of Artavakshaya are vatakaphashamaka (vata and kapha dosha pacifying) and agnivardhaka (stimulant, digestive and pitta analogue) therapy. Basti (medicated enema) which comes under Panchakarma (five biopurificatory measures) is considered as superior treatment in vata and vata predominant conditions. Matrabasti (low dose medicated oil enema) is a type of anuvasana basti (medicated lipid enema) which can be administered without much contraindication. Matrabasti administered with vatakaphashamaka and agnivardhaka drug can be better choice in the treatment of artavakshaya. Basti which is administered through guda maarga (rectal route) reaches the pakwashaya (large intestine) and spreads the virya (potency) of the drug to sarvasharira (whole body) through the microchannels. Basti which can act on the enteric nervous system and thereby act on the Central Nervous System can further stimulate the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) axis. A well co-ordinated HPO axis can normalise the menstrual cycle.
Phytochemical screening by FTIR spectroscopic analysis of methanol leaf extract of herb Andrographis echioides
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Zoology,Wakf Board College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu-625020, India, Rani K. Shameem , Mumtaz M. ,   Assistant Professor,Department of Zoology,Wakf Board College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu-625020, India, Priyank R. ,   Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore-632115, Tamil Nadu, India, Chandran M. ,   Professor, Department of Zoology,Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore-632115, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2022

The plant Andrographis echioidesis play a vital role in curing various human diseases. According to traditional siddha medicinal system till date it is accountable as to cure 81 diseases. The cost of fresh leaves is Rs 1750/Kg in Medicinal live, a largest online medicinal supplier in India. This much of cost may be due to its demand in siddha medicine to prepare various medicine is so high. Even though, this much of demand is exists but no any scientific validation and documentation for this plant possessing phytocompounds to cure the disease. Hence the present study was aimed to evaluate the possible bioactive functional group present in the methanol leaf extract of Andrographis echioides. The major functional group present in this plant was determined by FTIR analysis showed the existence of functional groups such as alkanes, aromatic compound, conjugated alkene, cyclic alkene, nitro compound, aromatics, carboxylic acid, phenol, aromatics ester, alkyl aryl ether, vinyl ether, ester, tertiary alcohol, primary alcohol, alkyl halides, alkene and halo compounds.
Sthoulya Asthadosha- Review on understanding of complications of obesity through Ayurveda and modern science
Authors:   MD (Ayurveda) Kayachikitsa, Assistant Professor, Government Ayurveda Medical College, New sayyajirao road, Vishweshwarayya circle, Mysore, Karnataka. 570001, India, Guled Sidram , Jyoti  ,   MD (Ayurveda) Panchakarma, Associate Professor, JSS Ayurveda Medical College, Lalithadripura, Mysore. Karnataka. 570028, India
Published: February 2022

Sthoulya is major problem the whole world is facing today. Recently many research works have suggested that, over 1.9 billion population of middle age are overweight and 650 million are suffering with obesity worldwide. In India, over 135 million people had suffered obesity. It is a major reason of medical and financial burdens for the government. Central obesity is one among the important risk for vascular diseases of heart (CVDs) and a major reason of mortality in India. Atisthula who is having excessive deposition of meda and mamsa in sthana, udara and sphik is considered as dosha (that can cause many untoward health consequences) as per Ayurveda. Modern pathophysiology also suggests central obesity which is considered Metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) in contrast with peripheral obesity as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Charaka said eight doshas (complications or syndrome) namely Ayukshaya (reduced life expectancy), Javoparodha (reduced physical activities), Krichravyavayata (infertility both male and female, loss of libido and erectile dysfunction), Dourbalya (reduced physical strength and reduced immunity), Dourgandya (Bromhidrosis), Swedabhada (difficulties with sweating), Atikshudha (increased appetite and hunger) and Atitrishna (excessive thirst). Asthadosha when analysed critically covers almost complications and consequences of obesity explained in modern literature. After reviewing both Ayurveda and modern literature about the obesity and its complications there are lots of similarities are observed and makes easy to understand sthoulya better.
Studies of Warburgia ugandensis lyophilized crude extract with Trichoderma asperellum on tomato blight pathogens
Authors: Kamau Esther W , Mworia Eric G , Masinde Peter W , Maingi John M
Published: February 2022

Early and late blights in tomatoes are among the most destructive diseases. The causative agents are Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans respectively. Warburgia ugandensis extracts have been demonstrated to have wide prophylactic and curative use as biocontrol agents against fungal and bacterial pathogens in animals but not in plants. Trichoderma species have been used as biocontrol agents for many phytopathogens. Warburgia ugandensis stem bark samples were air-dried ground, weighed then soaked in distilled water. The soaked material was then filtered and filtrate lyophilized to obtain crude extract which was screened against A. solani and P. infestans both in vitro and in vivo. All assays were performed in triplicate. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extract and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined. Data on the inhibition by the extract was analyzed using ANOVA and the differences between means separated by Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Warburgia ugandensis extract in diffusion wells showed significant inhibition (P= 0.001) of the pathogens with no recovery. The MIC for A. solani was 1.25 mg/ml while for P. infestans was 2.5 mg/ml. Treatment with combined Warburgia and Trichoderma showed the least disease severity at 27.81 % for P. infestans and A. solani. This was closely comparable with the commercial fungicide which had disease severity of 33.21 %. The current study suggests that Warburgia lyophilized crude extract and Trichoderma have potential use as antifungal prophylactic biocontrol against both Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria solani. Further research is needed to analyze the bioactive compounds responsible for Warburgia activity against these pathogens.
Tinospora cordifolia: A review of its potential as a heat stress relieving phyto-feed supplement in animals
Authors: Soni Pramod Kumar , Vipin Dr. , Shinde Bharat
Published: February 2022

Summers will become increasingly hot as a result of climate change, with temperatures rising above the thermoneutral range of animals, exposing them to heat stress. Oxidative stress, which is caused by an increase in reactive oxygen species, is one of the most dangerous side effects of long-term heat stress. In order to alleviate oxidative stress, metabolites required for living and development may be depleted, which can have a negative impact on animals’ growth and production performances, especially in chronic situations. Plant-derived phyto-feed additives with greater antioxidant quantity may benefit animals by lowering the effects of heat stress-induced oxidative stress. Improved pharmacological response and lack of adverse impact when compared to allopathic medications, phyto additives of curative benefit are becoming more frequent in medical research. Tinospora cordifolia is a popular term recognized as "Guduchi" or "Giloy" for its use in the treatment of different illness in naturopathic texts from the past. The bioactive components recovered from the plant, as well as its significance in prevention of illness, have helped the herbs to play a more active role in the field. It has antioxidant potential and can be exploited as a dietary additive to provide antioxidants for health benefits. The plant's common name, chemical components found in various portions of the plant, and biological functions are all covered in this review. In addition, they have potential as heat stress relievers in animals.
Effect of quercetin and curcumin in rats sub-acutely exposed to cadmium chloride: haemato-biochemical changes, oxidative stress parameters and histopathological changes in intestine, liver and kidney of rats
Authors: SS Rao , UD Patel , CN Makwana , VC Ladumor , HB Patel , CM Modi
Published: February 2022

Quercetin is a flavonoid mostly found in fruits and vegetables. Curcumin is the main natural polyphenol found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa and in others Curcuma spp.. Individually, quercetin and curcumin had shown to have various pharmacological properties. The increasing level of cadmium in the environment is alarming as cadmium affects the antioxidant defense system with ability to persist in the body for long time. The bioaccumulation of cadmium is well-known, which is dangerous for the health of human and animals after continuous exposure to it. The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the ameliorating effect of quercetin (50 mg/kg daily orally for 28 days) and curcumin (100 mg/kg daily orally for 28 days) alone and in combination of both against cadmium-induced (100 ppm in water for 28 days) alterations in biochemical markers and histological changes in intestine, liver and kidney of rats. Body weight gain in rats of toxicity group during the 4th week of study period was significantly affected by the cadmium. Cadmium exposure significantly increased the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin and glucose in serum along with higher level of MDA in intestine, liver and kidney of rats. The administration of quercetin and curcumin in combination as compared to individual treatment along with cadmium exposure had shown significantly lower levels of above parameters. Various histological changes were noticed in intestine, liver and kidney of rats following exposure to cadmium which were improved in rats treated with individual or combined treatment of quercetin and curcumin. Quercetin alone had shown the ameliorating effect against cadmium-induced alteration in kidney of rats. While, combination of quercetin and curcumin has been found to protect the intestine and liver from cadmium-induced damage following sub-acute exposure in rats. However, further study is needed to explore the mechanism of protective effect of the quercetin and curcumin against cadmiuminduced changes in intestine, liver and kidney.
Antioxidant activity and chemical composition of extracts from the leaves of Hydrcotyle bonariensis comm. Ex Lam
Authors: Delphine MONYN Ebalah , Oumar YEO Sounta , Antoine KOUAME Bosson , Witabouna KONE Mamidou
Published: February 2022

Several studies revealed that oxidative stress was involved in a great number of diseases as a triggering factor or associated with evolutionary complications. Due to the side effects of synthetic molecules, medicinal plants always remained the reliable source of active substances for their therapeutic properties. In effect, this study of antioxidant activity and chemical composition was carried on Hydrocotyle bonariensis, a species frequently used for medical applications in Ivory Coast, but still very under researched. Different extracts obtained with solvents of increasing polarity were tested by the ABTS radical scavenging method and compared to a reference antioxidant, namely vitamin C. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed according to standard procedures. The results revealed that all extracts significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the ABTS- radical. Ethylacetate and methanolic extracts were most active with IC50 values of 58.8±0.30 and 86.4±0.51 µg/mL, respectively, relative to vitamin C (IC50 = 15.7±0.06 µg/mL). Antioxidant-associated phytocompounds such as flavonoids and coumarins were detected in ethylacetate and methanolic extracts. These compounds were responsible for the ABTS radical reduction reported. This study indicated the presence of substances in Hydrocotyle bonariensis’s leaves, which, in generally are excellent antioxidants and can contribute to prevent various diseases as cardiovascular diseases among others.
Ethnomedicinal potential of widely used plant Azadirachta indica A. Juss: A comprehensive review
Authors: Moin Md Sanaul , Siddiqui Javed Inam , Alam Md Aftab , Khatoon Faiza , Khan Shayni , Minhajuddin Ahmed
Published: February 2022

Drugs of traditional system of medicine including Unani and Ayurveda are recommended and used in various diseases since long. These drugs are mainly derived from herbs and plants. Neem is a pre-eminent and a sacred gift of nature. This tree is still regarded as “Wonder tree”, “Nature’s drug store”, “Divine tree”, “Heal all”, “Materia medica”, “Panacea of all diseases” and “Village dispensary” also considered as “An ancient cure for modern world”. In Unani System of Medicine (USM) it is widely used as antiinfective agent in various skin diseases (Amrāḍ-i Jild) such as leprosy, syphilis, tinea, itching and in ulcers. It is very effective in painful menses and dysmenorrhea, chronic joint pain, constipation, intestinal warm (Kirm-i Shikam) and also prefer in the killing of head lices, diabetes and rheumatic arthritis. This study is based on a comprehensive analysis of related articles published in journals using the phrases "Neem or Azadirachta indica ", "Neem research paper", "Neem and Unani Medicine" and "Neem used in traditional medicine" in electronic searches of the PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar advanced search and AYUSH Research Portal. The evidence based scientific and clinical studies reported in the present review confirming the therapeutic efficacy of Azadirachta indica (Neem). Biological active phytoconstituents of Neem also indicate that it may serve as very effective natural medicine in different disease. In this aspect, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed in respect to explore the recommendations of USM as well as other traditional system of medicines in term of the extensive therapeutic values of Azadirachta indica.
Floristic study of perennial flora and ethnomedicinal uses in annual ground fire affected part of dry deciduous forest, Godapiyasal Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Somdatta , Jana Moumita , Duary Jayita , Das Buchan Rani , Bhaumik Suvashree
Published: February 2022

The lateritic belt of south West Bengal is characterized by dry deciduous forest mainly dominated by Sal. The Godapiyasal forest range, near to Midnapore sadar town and beside NH14 is Sal dominated mixed forest with five to six subdominants of similar life form. The forest area scattered in a vast area with intermittent villages and a major portion of it is affected by ground fire annually. This study was conducted to record the present vegetation status of perennial plants of this forest with their actual habit observed along some soil physico-chemical conditions. Survey and sampling were done randomly up to fourteen km along the road through the forest in second and third week of February, 2019. Along the road, from 10 different roadside points up to one km within the forest both sides were surveyed throughout accessible zones by walking without hampering the vegetation. Photographs were taken also. Plants were identified following local, regional and continental Flora and with the help of expert persons. Soil samples were collected from those zones from up to 20 cm depth and mixed well to form composite soil sample and studied in triplicate. Soil pH, moisture content, organic carbon contents were studied. The survey revealed forest was with 32% trees, 15% small trees, 22% shrubs and climbers or lianas, 8%, herbs and 1% fern. Soil analysis revealed pH 5.5-5.6, moisture content 0.86%, and organic corbon0.004%.
Traditional pteridophytic herbal medicines and reproductive health disorders in women- A Review
Authors: Das Dolan , Patra Biplab
Published: February 2022

In search for treatment of their disease, people looked for drugs in nature since ancient times. To support this, there is ample evidence from various sources like written documents, preserved monuments and even original plant medicines. Quite a large number of ferns and fern allies are being utilized in different ways as traditional herbal medicine by different tribal communities, ethnic groups and folklore throughout the world for the treatment of different illnesses. This article reviewed the ethnomedicinal use of pteridophytes especially for the treatment of reproductive health related disorders in women.
Phytochemical evaluation and Pharmacological screening of Cuscuta reflexa roxburg on anti-arthritic activity
Authors: Cheruku Gowtham Reddy , Anumula Pavani , GSV Divya Jyothi , Oruganti Tejaswini SS , Gangi Akhil Babu
Published: February 2022

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb, a rootless, leafless, twining annual parasite with a wide variety of species, is an extensive climber found in temperate and tropical regions. It is widely used in Ayurvedic (traditional medicine native to the Indian subcontinent) medicine to relieve and treat many diseases. There are numerous countries in which it is widely used for treating urination disorders, bilious disorders, diabetic disorders, and inflammatory diseases, including Afghanistan, Malaysia, India, and China. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic properties of the methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxburg. A variety of phytoconstituents are found in it, such as alkaloids, tannins, coumarins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and saponins. These phytoconstituents are screened by various conformation tests. The anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in vivo in rats using CFAComplete Fruend’s adjuvant induced polyarthritis model. This study shows that methanolic extract at a concentration of 400mg/kg inhibits arthritic activity. This result was compared with the standard drug, prednisolone 5mg/kg. The anti-arthritic activity of Cuscuta reflexa Roxberg was evaluated by considering paw volume, paw thickness and body weight. Visual criteria were used to monitor the morphological features of arthritis such as redness, swelling, erythema. The scores were recorded during these specific days of the project- 1, 4, 10, 14, 17 and 21. The test compound at 200mg/kg doesn’t show any anti-arthritic property, but at the dose of 400mg/kg it proved its significant action to reduce the inflammation and pain induced by complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). Based on the systemic analysis, the extract maintained normal joint parameters and greatly restored the normal architecture of the joints in animals. Thus, Cuscuta reflexa Roxburg would be an interesting source for antiarthritic activity.
Decaffeinated Tea Extract and its Fractions attenuate Clonidine- induced Aggressive Behavior in Mice
Authors: Salve Balu , Kokare Chandrakant , Kasture Sanjay
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Considerable data have been generated on anti-aggressive drugs of different pharmacological profiles. Present study was based on research findings that caffeine produced inverted ‘U’ shaped aggressive behavior in mice, lower and very higher doses reducing aggressive behavior and moderate doses increasing aggressive behavior. Therefore, we studied effect of decaffeinated tea and its fractions on clonidine- induced aggression in mice. Objective: Objective was to evaluate the effect of polyphenol rich Decaffeinated Tea Extract (DTE) and its fractions namely chloroform fraction (DTCf), ethyl acetate fraction (DTEa), diethyl ether fraction (DTDe) and acetone- water fraction (DTAw) against clonidine- induced aggressive behavior in mice. Methods: Mice were pretreated with caffeine (10 mg/Kg, i.p.), DTE (100- 300 mg/kg) or its fractions (100, 200 mg/kg) and clonidine (30 mg/Kg, i.p.) was administered after 30 min. Diazepam (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) was used as reference standard. Aggressive behaviour viz: latency to first attack and total no. of attacks were observed in transparent activity chamber for1hr duration. Results: DTE 300 mg/Kg, i.p. increased latency to first attack and decreased total no. of attacks significantly (P< 0.0001) as compared to control group. DTCf, DTDe and DTAw at doses 100 & 200 mg/kg significantly decreased number of attacks (P<0.0001) while DTEa in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, significantly increased latency to first attack (P<0.0001) as compared to control group.
Standardization of Visible Kinetic Assay for the Estimation of Plasma Glucose by Glucose Oxidase and Peroxidase Method
Authors: Bhatt M.P. , Rai N. , Pokhrel S. , Acharya P. , Marhatta S.B. , Khanal D.P. , Nagila A. , Chataut P.D.
Published: February 2022

Objective: In the clinical laboratory, glucose is the most frequently analyzed test in blood which plays a vital role in the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorders. The glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) method is an end point reaction method for glucose estimation, which is cheap and readily available in routine laboratories with significant time consumption. However, Glucose estimation by hexokinase is available for rapid estimation that may cost comparatively higher for the routine laboratories. Thus, our study is designed to standardize rapid and convenient method of plasma glucose estimation with modification by  kinetic mode based on GOD-POD reaction for the rapid and high through put analysis of glucose estimation using semi-automated or autoanalyzers.

Method: Photometric linearity of the kinetic method is compared with that of end point reaction methods. Furthermore, correlation between an endpoint and kinetic method was determined using Pearson correlation using plasma from normal and diabetic patients (n=32) visiting Manmohan Memorial Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu.

Result: Our study showed, significant positive correlation between the end point and the  kinetic method (r=0.99) The linearity of modified  kinetic (GOD-POD) method is up to 400 mg/dl in comparison to that of existing end point method (500 mg/dl), which covers the normoglycemic to pathological hyperglycemic range of glucose estimation in routine laboratories.

Conclusion: The significant positive correlation of our visible kinetic method with end point reaction method shows possibilities for the high through put and rapid analysis of the glucose estimation in 3 minute using semi-automated and autoanalizers.
Tubercular Tenosynovitis of Extensor Tendons of Wrist: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Dawadi T.P. , Subedi N. , Poudel D. , Bista Y. , Panthi P.
Published: February 2022

Background: Tubercular Tenosynovitis is a very rare disease and even rare to involve extensor tendons. The clinical picture is typical and confirmation is done by histopathology.

Case Presentation: We present a rare case of soft tissue swelling at dorsum of wrist and distal forearm since six months. On Ultrasonogram, there were multiloculated cystic collections surrounding the extensor tendons. Lab parameters showed increased ESR and Mantoux test was positive. With the provisional diagnosis of Tenosynovitis, debulking tenosynovectomy was done where melon seed bodies were seen. Histopathology confirmed granulomatous lesions with caseous necrosis and Acid Fast Bacilli stain was also positive for the biopsy tissue. He responded to our anti-tubercular drugs with full range of motion after two months of surgery and no recurrence of swelling at four year follow up.

Conclusion: Typical clinical picture, intra operative findings of melon seed bodies and rice bodies and histopathological confirmation of granulomatous lesions with caseous necrosis are pathognomonic of Tubercular Tenosynovitis. Complete debulking and antitubercular drugs cure the disease and prevents recurrence.
Five Theses on (Dis)Comfort in the Educational Cultures of Digitality
Authors: Hug Theo
Published: February 2022

In many current discussions, digitalization functions as a dazzling leitmotif not only for technological, social and cultural transformation processes in general, but also for current social reproduction problems and upheavals in the field of education in particular. On the one hand, there is a widespread uneasiness in educational cultures of digitality; on the other hand, the promises of the future in learning technology are also promoting tendencies of ease for some groups. Based on a broader perspective that goes beyond a Freudian understanding of discomfort in culture, this article puts forward five trenchant theses for discussion, all of which mark fault lines of (dis)comfort in the educational cultures of digitality.
Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Simpan Pinjam Pada Sinar Kalimantan Dengan Metode Pengembangan Waterfall
Authors: Arizona Nanda Diaz , Susilowati Ety
Published: February 2022

Sinar Kalimantan Cooperative is a community service cooperative in savings and loans. Based on the analysis that has been done, the Sinar Kalimantan Cooperative still recaps each per each cash-in and cash-out data transactions that come from notes and then copy them to Ms. Excel to be used as financial statements. Processing data like this requires effort and a long time, errors in data processing that have an impact on the quality of information in financial statements. Therefore, the purpose of writing this Final Project is to design and build a web-based savings and loan accounting information system at the Sinar Kalimantan Cooperative using the waterfall model as a software development method consisting of analysis of software requirements, design, program code creation and testing. Data collection techniques used consisted of observation, interviews and literature study. This system is built to provide facilities for two users, namely the Chairman and the Cashier. Chairman can manage employee (user) data, access loan reports, loan list reports, installment reports, savings reports, general journal reports, general ledger reports, balance sheet reports, cash receipts reports, cash disbursements reports and cash flow report. The cashier can manage account data, customer data, deposit data, deposit withdrawal data, loan data, installment data and expense (cost) data and access loan reports, loan list reports, installment reports and savings reports. The savings and loan accounting information system that was built is expected to help improve the performance of savings and loan data processing at the Sinar Kalimantan Cooperative.
Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pengelolaan Keuangan pada Davia Laundry Kubu Raya
Authors: Alazmi Alazmi , Ummi Niswatul , Lisnawanty Lisnawanty , Ardiyansyah Ardiyansyah
Published: February 2022

Davia Laundry merupakan salah satu penyedia jasa pencucian pakaian. Sistem yang digunakan dalam Davia Laundry masih menggunakan sistem manual dalam proses pencatatan data, hal ini memungkinkan kesalahan pencatatan data. Jika terjadi kekeliruan maka akan mengakibatkan kerugian dan kepercayaan pelanggan akan hilang. Selain itu, sistem yang manual ini membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama dalam proses penerimaan barang sampai pengembalian barang ke konsumen. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini membahas mengenai sistem informasi akuntansi pengelolaan keuangan yang menggunakan model air terjun sebagai model pengembangan perangkat lunak yang terdiri dari analisa kebutuhan perangkat lunak, desain, pembuatan kode program dan pengujian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Sistem ini menyediakan fasilitas kepada dua level akses, yaitu Admin dan Pemilik. Admin dapat mengelola data akun, data pelanggan, data paket, data service dan tarif, transaksi order, transaksi pembayaran, transaksi pengeluaran, mengakses laporan penerimaan, laporan pengeluaran, jurnal umum, buku besar, neraca saldo, laporan laba rugi dan laporan perubahan modal serta neraca. Pemilik dapat mengelola data pengguna, mengakses laporan penerimaan, laporan pengeluaran, jurnal umum, buku besar, neraca saldo, laporan laba rugi dan laporan perubahan modal serta neraca. Sistem ini dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL sebagai aplikasi basis data. Sistem yang telah dibuat ini diharapkan dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan kerja khususnya pada pengelolaan keuangan yang dapat menghasilkan laporan keuangan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi keuangan dan tepat waktu agar dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam pengambilan keputusan.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PROTOTIPE DALAM PEMBUATAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN SPAREPART
Authors: Firmansyah Yoki , Maulana Reza , Hutagalung Dessy Oktavia
Published: February 2022

The prototype model is a model that can be used to design and create information systems, where this model is a rapid development and testing of a working model (prototype) of a new information system through a process of interaction and repetition, there are several stages in the first prototype model. listening to customers, building and refining mockups and viewing and testing mockups. In this paper, the information system that will be built using a prototype model is an information system for the sale of spare parts on the PD. Varia Motor. Where based on observations and interviews with ordering the purchase of spare parts still using conventional methods and causing several problems such as a long time in service to customers, by utilizing a prototype model we can create an information system that can solve these problems, and can improve spare parts sales services at PD. Varia motor
Penerapan Zahir Accounting Untuk Pengelolaan Data Akutansi Pada CV. Kevindo Auto
Authors: Nasihin Muhamad
Published: February 2022

CV. Kevindo Auto is a company engaged in the automotive sale and purchase of used cars. Accounting data processing system at CV. Kevindo Auto is still done by manual recording. This can lead to high risks that may occur with this manual recording system, including frequent errors in recording transactions, difficulty finding transaction evidence and losing proof of transactions that occur at the company. CV. Kevindo Auto requires a computerized system that will be able to provide convenience in recording all transactions that occur up to the reporting process. The use of the zahir accounting program is the right solution for solving problems that occur in this company. Using the zahir accounting program can shorten the time and simplify the process of managing accounting data. Accounting data stored on a computer makes filing safer and easier and faster in the reporting process.
Hypolipidemic Effect of Caffeic Acid Isolated From Arctium Lappa Cultivated In Iraq, in Hyperlipidemic Rat Model
Authors: A. Taher Mohammed , A. Abdul- Hussain Dhuha , F. Hasan Huda , M. Fahmi Zena , K. Luaibi Oday , G. Ali Mezaal
Published: February 2022

The goal of the extant revision was to explore the influence of  caffeic acid (CA) extracted from Arctium lappa L. on lipid profile and histology of aorta  in rats .  Analytical study demonstrated a high percentage of both chlorogenic and caffeic acid in the 80 % methanol extract of the aerial parts (leaves and stems) of Arctium lappa L. from the family Asteraceace.  Hypolipidemic activity of caffeic acid was studied against cholesterol induced hypercholesterolemia in Wistar albino rats for thirty days. Rats were separated into normal group (A), hypercholesterolemic positive controller group (B). While, the rest three groups (C, D and E) attended as hypercholesterolemic trial groups. Caffeic acid was given verbally at doses of 20 mg / kg body mass in Collection (C), 40 mg/kg in Collection(D) then 20 mg/ kg in collection (E) after two weeks of administration of cholesterol induced hypercholesterolemia. There was an obvious histological improvement of changes induced by hypercholesteremia in aorta. Furthermore, using (CA) at 20mg after 2 weeks of feeding on cholesterol rich diet led to a important decline (P<0.05) in serum whole cholesterol levels in compassion with the control and cholesterol rich diet group. Moreover, There was a great improvement in the histology results convinced by the high cholesterol gorgeous diet, which can partly be attributed to an antioxidant activity of (CA).                          

Keywards: Arctium lappa, Caffeic acid , Hypolipidimic, Hypercholesterolemia.
Impact of Two Doses of Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone-7) on Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: AlZubaidi Ruaa Fadhil Abbas , Al-Shawi Nada Naji
Published: February 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact two doses of Menaquinones-7 on hepatotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rats. Sixty adult rats of both sexes were used in this study; the animals were randomly enrolled into six groups of 10 animals each. Group I: negative control (rats administered distilled water); Group II: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of  16 Âµg/kg; Group III: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 48 Âµg/kg; Group IV: positive control (Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg); Group V: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 16 Âµg/kg administered prior to a single dose of Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg; Group VI: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 48 Âµg/kg administered prior to a single dose of  Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg. On day twelve of the study, blood was collected for serum preparation for the estimation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB). The liver of each animal was excised for histological examination. High dose of MK-7 significantly (P<0.05) decreased serum ALT, ALP, and TB and there was an improvement in the histopathological lesions of the liver in group V and group VI compared to group IV. In conclusion, MK-7 may have protective effect against Dox-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Belief about Medications Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending the National Diabetes Center in Iraq.
Authors: A. Hussein Esraa , J. Kadhim Dheyaa , F. Al-Auqbi Tawfeeq
Published: February 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem worldwide counting about 1.2 million cases in Iraq in 2015. Taking in account of the patient’s beliefs about the prescribed medication had been reported to be one of the most important factors that affects adherence where holding positive beliefs about medications is a prerequisite for intentional adherence. The aim of the current study was to investigate and assess beliefs about medicines among type 2 diabetic patients and to determine possible association between this belief and glycemic control as well as some patient-specific factors. This study is a cross-sectional study carried out on 380 (mean age 56.58± 10.06 years) already diagnosed T2DM patients who attended the National Diabetes Center, Al-Mustansiriya University – Baghdad/ Iraq during December-2016 to March-2017. Belief about medicine was assessed by using an arabic version of the questionnaire. The patients had a stronger agreement with the mean necessity scale (19.29) than the mean concern scale (14.27). The majority of the patients (76.3%) had strong beliefs in the necessity of anti-diabetic treatment for maintaining good control of diabetes (scores of specific-necessity was greater than score of specific-concern). However, (18.4%) of the patients reported strong concerns about the anti-diabetic treatment (scores of specific-concern greater than score of specific-necessity). The small number of the patients (5.3%), have equal scores for specific-necessity and specific-concern scores. The patient's belief about medicine was found to be poor predictor of  good glycemic control.
Development Management of Innovation Businesses in Light of Slovak Enterprises
Authors:   Pan-European University, Faculty of Economics and Business, Tematínska 10, 851 05 Bratislava, Slovakia, Mura Ladislav
Published: February 2022

Small and medium-sized enterprises represent the largest scale of private enterprises both on an international and national (Slovakia) scale. These are often the companies that launch new conceptual solutions and improve existing products or services. Start-ups have a strong drive and expand entrepreneurial activity through innovation. In the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, start-up initiatives have an even greater opportunity to emphasize their business activity, as they can conduct their activity on­line and are not strictly tied to specific locations unlike other types of SMEs. This paper is addressing the field of entrepreneurship, management and development of innovative businesses. The aim of this paper is to present the latest research results in the field of innovative and start-up businesses in Slovakia. The article reflects on the up-to-date theoretical background of the issue based on empirical research on innovative activity of the SME sec­tor with a special focus on start-ups.
SME Support on Regional Level in Republic of North Macedonia – The Role of the Business Centers Within the Centers for Development of the Planning Regions
Authors:   Ministry of Local-Self Government - R. N. Macedonia and Swiss Embassy/SDC, Karaeva Marija , Goceva Mihajlovska Vesna ,   Ministry of Local-Self Government - R. N. Macedonia and Swiss Embassy/SDC
Published: February 2022

Entrepreneurship has received increased attention during the last few decades. Private entrepreneurship provides numerous opportuni­ties for the economic development of society. Entrepreneurship marks its peak through the development of small and me­dium-sized enterprises (SME). The advantages and attributions from SMEs have been widely accepted as a great influence factor on job creation and support of regional revitalization, based on the development of indigenous resources, great flexibility and promotion of industrial innovation. Entrepre­neurship also provides a solid basis for sustainable local and regional eco­nomic development. It contributes towards decreasing the regional dispar­ities both, within the country itself and among countries as well. SMEs are supposed to initiate economic development in underdeveloped regions with very high poverty levels and living standards, thus alleviating the economic and social integration of the country. Taking this into consideration, there is a need for local and regional structures in the country to concentrate their activities on providing various measures and activities aimed at initiating and stimulating the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
European Taxes and Incentives to Support the Environmental Transition
Authors:   University of Salamanca, Calle Casa Lis, 6 (Urbanización Albahonda II). 37188 Carbajosa de la Sagrada. Salamanca, Spain, Velarde Aramayo Silvia
Published: February 2022

The EU-27 has multiple environmental policy instruments among which revenues-based mechanisms and direct or indirect subsidies stand out. In the first group, around 142 taxes have been identified, whose objec­tive is to reduce GHG emissions. The second group includes tax incentives divided into five very broad categories. To this must be added the spending on environmental protection that has grown until reaching 269 EUR billion in the last year (analyzed by Eurostat). The tax structures in the EU-27, Iceland, Norway, and United Kingdom are quite similar and show how the main segment comes from taxes on energy followed by taxes on transport, and taxes on pollution or resources. Some of them, more than an environmental goal, has the purpose of collecting taxes. The article seeks to underline the need to jointly manage the revenues and expenditures policy in environmental matters and increase control over its use, implementation, recipients, and effectiveness.
Cloud Computing in Accounting and Digital Financial Reporting in Albania
Authors:   University of Tirana, Faculty of Economics, Rruga e Elbasanit, Tirana, Albania, Shkurti (Perri) Rezarta
Published: February 2022

Recent technological changes have had a great impact on the accounting and financial environment all over the world. Albania has also been affected by these changes and developments such as the widespread use of interactive accounting information packages, financial web report­ing, and cloud computing. This paper tries to analyze the current situation of accounting and financial reporting in Albania and the impact that web reporting and cloud computing have had on the simplification of account­ing procedures. Several tools such as online reporting and Extensive Busi­ness Reporting language are presented and their impact on the use of the accounting systems and other financial reporting instruments in Albania is explained. This paper finds that cloud computing has been used extensively by the private companies offering accounting information systems in Alba­nia whereas Extensive Business Reporting language and the IFRS Taxonomy have not attained great recognition in Albania.
Professional Development of Teachers in the Context of Modern Education
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Pedagogy, Serbia, Maksimović Jelena , Osmanović Zajić Jelena ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Pedagogy, Serbia, Dimitrijević Milica ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Pedagogy, Serbia
Published: February 2022

Professional development of teachers is a current issue today. Professional development and professional training of teachers are defined as changing and upgrading themselves and their work, in accordance with their own needs, the needs of science and profession, all in the direction of achieving a certain goal and achieving the most efficient results in work. The paper discusses the role of pedagogues in the professional develop­ment of teachers. The cognitive goal of the research is aimed at examining: teachers’ attitudes about the role of pedagogues in their professional devel­opment, the most common forms of professional development of teachers in the field of education, professional development, cooperation between pedagogues and teachers, as well as potential obstacles in this important area of professional development. In the theoretical study of this problem, we used the method of theoretical analysis and descriptive method, while for data collection we used the scaling technique with the Likert-type rat­ing scale (SPUSN), whose reliability was examined with stress parameters as metric characteristics. 123 teachers in the territory of the Republic of Serbia participated in the research. The findings were considered in relation to the work experience of teachers and the education cycle, p <,> 0.05.
Lesson Study: Contemporary Motivating Tool for Active and Reflective Learning Approach
Authors:   Bureau for Development of Education, Ministry of Education and Science, Rugjer Boshkovikj, 20, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, Chonteva Zhaneta , Trajkova Kate ,   University American College Skopje, Treta makedonska brigada, 60, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
Published: February 2022

Innovation of teaching approaches and motivation of students to become active and reflective learners had been at the core of education reform taking place in North Macedonia over the last 20 years. One key re­form tool was the introduction of the Lesson Study. A lesson study is a col­laborative approach towards developing and researching pedagogy. In attempting to implement said approach, teachers develop a deeper knowl­edge of both pedagogy and subject content knowledge. This leads to higher standards of educational achievement of students on all educational levels. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the utilizing of the Lesson Study approach in thirty primary schools in North Macedonia involved in the Eras­mus Plus Project: Assessment for Learning: Setting and Using Success Crite­ria in Math and Science Lessons in Primary Education (2016-2019). Findings indicate that the Lesson Study approach is a useful way to deal with the re­construction of the students’ role in the process of teaching and learning. Moreover, building students as active and reflective learners increase their preparedness to meet challenges of the complex social reality.