bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant protection enzyme activity in the blood serum and large intestinal mucosa of rats with prolonged gastric hypochlorhydria and given multiprobiotics
Authors: Pylypenko S. V. , Koval A. A.
Published: February 2020

The activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in the blood serum and colon mucosa in rats was studied under the conditions of 28-days administration of omeprazole on its own and omeprazole together with multiprobiotics "Symbiter" and "Apibact". Physiological and biochemical study methods were applied. It was found that after omeprazole administration, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the blood serum decreased, and the activity of catalase increased compared to the control. With the co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased compared to the group of rats that received omeprazole only during the same time, but remained less compared to the control group. The content of reduced glutathione in the blood serum of rats after administration of omeprazole decreased, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase increased, and the activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, the serum RG content was at the control level, the activity of glutathione reductase exceeded the control values. The activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the group receiving omeprazole only. The activity of glutathione reductase increased and did not differ from the control values. In the colon mucosa, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity decreased compared to control. With the combined administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity increased and even exceeded the control values. With the administration of omeprazole, the reduced glutathione content in the colon mucosa was lower than that in the control. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased and glutathione transferase and activity of glutathione reductase decreased compared to the control. With co-administration of omeprazole and multiprobiotics to rats, the reduced glutathione content increased compared to the group of rats administered omeprazole only, and even exceeded that in the control.
Evaluation of commercial methods to separate nucleic acids from intestinal tissues of pigs for diagnosis of porcine epidemic diarrhea
Authors: Masiuk D. М. , Nedzvetsky V. S. , Kokariev A. V. , Danchuk O. V. , Vasilenko T. O. , Yefimova O. M.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of evaluating commercial methods for extracting nucleic acids from pig intestinal tissues for the diagnosis of PED. The study was based on samples of small intestine tissues and faeces from 3–5 day old pigs which died from PED. Nucleic acid extraction was performed using commercial kits with different nucleic acid separation strategies based on: silicon-sorbent; silicate membrane fixed in a microcentrifuge column and magnetic balls. The studies were conducted in two stages. The first was a comparison of the results of the amplification of the obtained nucleic acid extracts from the homogenate of the intestines of piglets by using the above-mentioned commercial kits for the extraction of nucleic acids. For this purpose, samples of homogenate were used which in weight corresponded to the guideline for the application of the test kits. The second step was directed to determining the efficiency of extraction of DNA and RNA from homogenate samples with a weight of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg. Determination of the optimal methodological strategy of nucleic acid extraction for the diagnosis of porcine epidemic diarrhea by PCR has been investigated. The results of the PCR studies of RNA of the PED virus and a unique pig DNA fragment indicate that the extraction of nucleic acids by commercial kits has different levels of efficiency and depends on different factors. According to the research, it was found that the most important of them are the adsorption capacity of the solid-phase sorbent, its configuration and nature, which binds RNA and DNA molecules, the type of sample from which extraction takes place, its volume, or the tissue mass used for extraction. Based on the obtained results, it has been found that the most effective PED virus RNA extraction is by “ArtBioTech”, “Bio Extract Column”, and “Viral DNA/RNA Extraction Kit”, and pig genomic DNA extraction by the “ArtBioTech” and “Viral DNA / RNA extraction Kit”.
Water-soluble C60 fullerene ameliorates astroglial reactivity and TNFa production in retina of diabetic rats
Authors: Nedzvetsky V. S. , Sukharenko E. V. , Baydas G. , Andrievsky G. V.
Published: February 2020

The complications of both first and second types of diabetes mellitus patients are important cause of decline in quality of life and mortality worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a widespread complication that affects almost 60% of patients with prolonged (at least 10–15 years) diabetes. The critical role of glial cells has been shown in retinopathy initiation in the last decades. Furthermore, glial reactivity and inflammation could be key players in early pathogenesis of DR. Despite the large amount of research data, the approaches of effective DR therapy remain unclear. The progress of DR is accompanied by pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative changes in retinal cells including astrocytes and Muller cells. Glial reactivity is a key pathogenetic factor of various disorders in neural tissue. Fullerene C60 nanoparticles were confirmed for both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capability. In the presented study glioprotective efficacy of water-soluble hydrated fullerene C60 (C60HyFn) was tested in a STZ-diabetes model during 12 weeks. Exposure of the STZ-diabetic rat group to C60HyFn ameliorated the astrocyte reactivity which was determined via S100β and PARP1 overexpression. Moreover, C60HyFn induced the decrease of TNFα production in the retina of STZ-diabetic rats. By contrast, the treatment with C60HyFn of the normal control rat group didn’t change the content of all abovementioned markers of astrogliosis and inflammation. Thus, diabetes-induced abnormalities in the retina were suppressed via the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and glioprotective effects of C60HyFn at low doses. The presented results demonstrate that C60HyFn can ensure viability of retinal cells viability through glioprotective effect and could be a new therapeutic nano-strategy of DR treatment.
Creativity and Multimodality
Authors: Law Locky
Published: February 2020

Creativity studies have been expanding into multimodality in recent years, particularly in the field of computational creativity (Elgammal and Saleh, 2015) and cognitive science (Gardner, 2008). Comparatively, linguistics is far behind in productivity in this area. A key linguistic contribution by Carter (2004) theorizes creativity in everyday common talk into two main categories: pattern-reforming and patternforming. This paper extends Carter’s (2004) hypothesis on linguistic creativity to multimodal texts. Inspired by the concept of ‘given’ and ‘new’ from Halliday’s (1967) information status, a new framework for creativity analysis is proposed and discussed in detail using scenes from TV drama House M.D., movie Casablanca (1942), sitcom Blackadder the Third (1987), digital arts such as logos of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Tesla Inc., Hotel ICON, fractal art from the novel Jurassic Park (1990) as well as viral MTV of Pen-Pineapple-Apple-Pen – PPAP Song (2016). This paper also discusses the importance of a base unit of creativity to both the creator and the target. Special attention is placed on endo-referenced and exoreferenced creativity, and their relationship with the implicitness and explicitness of the formula of creativity construction.
Interview with Christian M.I.M. Matthiessen On Translation Studies (Part III)
Authors: Matthiessen Christian M.I.M. , Wang Bo , Ma Yuanyi
Published: February 2020

As the final part of the interview on translation, this transcript further explores the relationship between the two areas, namely Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and translation studies. Christian Matthiessen and Bo Wang first discuss works by various scholars, including Bell (1991), Baker (1992) as well as Hatim and Mason (1990). Then, Christian Matthiessen suggests some theoretical developments needed, comments on the developments in different parts of the world, and points out the challenges and oppositions. Finally, Christian Matthiessen examines the relationship between literary and non-literary translation in translation studies.
Kunegunda Siwiec ze Stryszawy: osoba i przesłanie
Authors: Praśkiewicz Szczepan T.
Published: February 2020

Ciągle wzrastające zainteresowanie Kunegundą Siwiec (1876–1955), świecką karmelitanką objętą procesem kanonicznym zmierzającym do wyniesienia jej na ołtarze, postuluje poznanie jej osoby i przesłania. Ta prosta wiejska, niepiśmienna kobieta, zaangażowana w życie modlitwy i apostolstwo, zatroskana o autentyczne życie religijne w rodzinach, była odbiorczynią Nadprzyrodzonych oświeceń, tj. rozmów wewnętrznych z Chrystusem, Jego Matką i niektórymi świętymi, jakie spisał jej spowiednik, ks. Bronisław Bartkowski. Nie chełpiąc się tymi duchowymi doświadczeniami, ale żyjąc cnotliwie, doświadczyła długoletniej obłożnej i bolesnej choroby, stając się przykładem pogodnego znoszenia cierpienia, przeżywanego w duchu paschalnym i ofiarowanego za zbawienie bliźnich.
Uczył słowem – pismami – życiem. Sługa Boży ks. Wincenty Granat (1900–1979)
Authors: Szumił Halina Irena
Published: February 2020

Wincenty Granat urodził się 1 kwietnia 1900 roku w Ćmielowie k. Ostrowca Świętokrzyskiego. Szkołę średnią (1914–1918) i studia seminaryjne (1918–1923) ukończył w Sandomierzu. W 1923 roku podjął studia na Uniwersytecie Gregoriańskim w Rzymie. Po roku studiów, 24 sierpnia 1924 roku przyjął święcenia kapłańskie w katedrze w Sandomierzu. W 1925 roku uzyskał stopień doktora filozofii, a w 1928 roku – doktora teologii.Po powrocie do kraju pełnił funkcję prefekta szkół powszechnych (1928–1929) oraz średnich (1930–1933) w Radomiu. W 1933 roku został wykładowcą Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Sandomierzu. Od 1952 roku podjął pracę w Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim, początkowo jako zastępca profesora, a następnie jako docent (1956–1960) i profesor (1961–1970). W 1965 roku został rektorem KUL; w 1970 roku zrezygnował z funkcji rektora KUL, przeniósł się do Opola Lubelskiego. W 1977 roku powrócił do Sandomierza, gdzie zmarł w opinii świętości 11 grudnia 1979 roku. Żył prawdą w miłości.Dnia 12 czerwca 1995 roku Kościół sandomierski rozpoczął dochodzenie kanonizacyjne ks. Wincentego Granata, który żył prawdą w miłości. Sesja kończąca proces na etapie diecezjalnym odbyła się 9 października 2018 roku w kościele pw. Świętego Michała Archanioła w Sandomierzu. W dniu 3 listopada 2018 roku dokumenty procesowe sługi Bożego zostały przekazane do Kongregacji Spraw Kanonizacyjnych w Rzymie.
Wielki mały brat. Antoni Kowalczyk – Misjonarz Oblat Maryi Niepokalanej
Authors: Krzesik Tomasz
Published: February 2020

Brat Antoni Kowalczyk jest pierwszym polskim Misjonarzem Oblatem Maryi Niepokalanej, który pod koniec XIX wieku wyruszył na misję w Zachodniej Kanadzie. Jego proste, pokorne i oddane Bogu życie wywiera do dzisiaj wpływ na wielu ludzi. W tym artykule próbowaliśmy wskazać jego szczególne cechy, takie jak duch ofiary i świadome łączenie swoich cierpień z cierpieniem Jezusa, zaufanie wstawiennictwu Maryi i rezygnowanie ze swojej woli ze względu na Chrystusa. Podjęta została również refleksja nad tym, jak brat Antoni przeżywał cierpienie i jak traktował rolę pokuty w swoim życiu duchowym. W tym kontekście rozważono możliwość przeżywania czyśćca na ziemi.
Błogosławiona Zofia Czeska. Niezwykła kobieta w XVII-wiecznym Krakowie
Authors: Kijak-Sawska Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

W artykule przedstawiono życie i działalność błogosławionej Zofii z Maciejowskich Czeskiej, założycielki Zgromadzenia Sióstr Prezentek oraz najstarszej na ziemiach polskich szkoły żeńskiej. W celu kształcenia dziewcząt Zofia Czeska utworzyła tzw. „Dom Panieński” przy ulicy Szpitalnej w Krakowie. Jej dzieło stanowiło w swoim czasie odpowiedź na potrzeby mieszkańców XVII-wiecznego Krakowa i okolic. Patronat nad szkołą i domem dla dziewcząt objął od początku zakon jezuitów.
Wybrane aspekty z przepowiadania św. Cezarego z Arles. Czy św. Cezary z Arles będzie nowym doktorem Kościoła?
Authors: Pochwat Józef
Published: February 2020

Święty Cezary z Arles (470–543) wielki kaznodzieja, duszpasterz, organizator życia kościelnego i monastycznego w Galii, pozostawił po sobie dzieła, których aktualność nie straciła swych walorów do dnia dzisiejszego. Znany jest na 5 kontynentach świata w 38 krajach, bardziej w ośrodkach naukowych niż wśród „zwykłych wiernych. Jego spuścizna literacka doczekała się wielu opracowań, gdzie środowisko polskich patrologów, może poszczycić się bogatą literaturą. Osoba biskupa Arles, jak i jego nauczanie jest godne uwagi, a praktyczne wskazania Cezarego mogą pomóc w rozwiązywaniu trudnych kwestii życia współczesnych chrześcijan.
Apostolstwo zorganizowane w świetle Christifideles laici i rola asystenta kościelnego w jego strukturze
Authors: Kucharski Zbigniew
Published: February 2020

Po raz pierwszy kwestia zaangażowania świeckich w życie Kościoła została poruszona podczas Soboru Watykańskiego II. Ważnym propagatorem tej idei był Jan Paweł II, o czym świadczą m.in. jego liczne wypowiedzi oraz wydana w 1988 roku adhortacja pt. Chrystifideles laici, a także jego wcześniejsze zaangażowanie w apostolstwo świeckich. Jednym z kluczowych zadań osób duchownych jest aktywizacja laikatu. Temu celowi służą m.in. katolickie stowarzyszenia, takie jak KSM czy AK. Na ich czele stoi asystent kościelny, którego zadaniem jest czuwanie nad formacją ich członków i doktryną oraz zgodnością podejmowanych działań ze statutem stowarzyszenia.
SIBS triblock copolymers in cardiac surgery: in vitro and in vivo studies in comparison with ePTFE
Authors: Rezvova M. A. , Ovcharenko E. A. , Nikishev P. A. , Kostyuk S. V. , Antonova L. V. , Akent’eva T. N. , Glushkova T. V. , Velikanova Y. G. , Shishkova D. K. , Krivkina E. O. , Klyshnikov K. Yu. , Kudryavtseva Yu. A. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: February 2020

Implantation of polymeric heart valves can solve the problems of existing valve substitutes – mechanical and biological. Objective: to comprehensively assess the hemocompatibility of styrene-isobutylene-styrene (SIBS) triblock copolymer, synthesized by controlled cationic polymerization in comparison with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) used in clinical practice. Materials and methods. SIBS-based films were made by polymer solution casting method; in vitro biocompatibility assessment was performed using cell cultures, determining cell viability, cell adhesion and proliferation; tendency of materials to calcify was determined through in vitro accelerated calcification; in vivo biocompatibility assessment was performed by subcutaneous implantation of rat samples; hemocompatibility was determined ex vivo by assessing the degree of hemolysis, aggregation, and platelet adhesion. Results. The molecular weight of synthesized polymer was 33,000 g/mol with a polydispersity index of 1.3. When studying cell adhesion, no significant differences (p = 0.20) between the properties of the SIBS polymer (588 cells/mm2) and the properties of culture plastics (732 cells/mm2) were discovered. Cell adhesion for the ePTFE material was 212 cells/mm2. Percentage of dead cells on SIBS and ePTFE samples was 4.40 and 4.72% (p = 0.93), respectively, for culture plastic – 1.16% (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation on the ePTFE surface (0.10%) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than for the same parameters for SIBS and culture plastic (62.04 and 44.00%). Implantation results (60 days) showed the formation of fibrous capsules with average thicknesses of 42 μm (ePTFE) and 58 μm (SIBS). Calcium content in the explanted samples was 0.39 mg/g (SIBS), 1.25 mg/g (ePTFE) and 93.79 mg/g (GA-xenopericardium) (p < 0.05). Hemolysis level of red blood cells after contact with SIBS was 0.35%, ePTFE – 0.40%, which is below positive control (p < 0.05). Maximum platelet aggregation of intact platelet-rich blood plasma was 8.60%, in contact with SIBS polymer – 18.11%, with ePTFE – 22.74%. Conclusion. In terms of hemocompatibility properties, the investigated SIBS polymer is not inferior to ePTFE and can be used as a basis for development of polymeric prosthetic heart valves.
Combined Mining Technologies for Coal Deposits (Review)
Authors: Ermakov A. Yu. , Senkus V. V. , Pham Duc Thang , Sencus Val. V. , Abramkin N. I. , Ermakov E. A.
Published: February 2020

The paper discusses the main disadvantages of strip and underground mining methods and possibilities of eliminating the disadvantages through introducing a combined technology of coal deposit mining. Combined coal mining technology is the method comprising elements of several geotechnologies, for example, underground and strip mining, as well as, possibly, underwater mining, borehole and other techniques of deposit mining. The combined coal mining technology provides for unified layout for opening, development, production and processing of reserves for the whole LoM on the basis of general technological solutions made in advance. Such complex solutions for opening and development of deposit reserves within the opencast and underground mining contour allows minimizing the volume of openings and reducing the time for commissioning, investment costs, as well as decreasing the costs for aerage, drainage, rock mass hauling and land reclamation. Substantiation of deposit opening options should comprehensively take into account technical, organizational, and economic factors [34–37]. Analysis of the options as exemplified by the Makar’evskoe coal deposit development in Kuzbass allows to conclude that the combined method is promising and promotes increasing optimal volumes of coal production, while reducing the deposit development time by about 15 %, and increase the net present value compared to underground and opencast mining options more than 5 times.
Hydrothermal Minerals Mapping using based on Remotely Sensed Data from Sentinel 2 Sattelite: a Case Study in Vinh Phuc Province, Northern Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Le Hung
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the experiences obtained in the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method to map hydrothermal minerals based on remotely sensed data. In this study, Sentinel-2B MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) image is used to detect distribution of hydroxyl-bearing minerals in Vinh Phuc province, northern Vietnam. Four bands of Sentinel-2B image including blue band (band 2), Vegetation Red Edge band (band 8A) and SWIR bands (band 11 and 12) are used to calculate the Principal Components, then and then select the Principal Component, which containing provides information on the hydrothermal minerals information. The obtained results findings show that the methodology and data are effective in detecting and mapping hydrothermal mineralization.
Correlates of College Student Engagement: An Internal Replication
Authors: Daugherty Timothy , Hoffner Kristen , Light Alexandra
Published: February 2020

Though being behaviorally active in the classroom is associated with attractive outcomes, many college students are disengaged. This study examines potential correlates of classroom engagement. Across two waves of data collection, with the second wave providing an internal replication challenge, three variables were consistently related to active classroom engagement. Higher self-esteem, less texting while driving, and lower externally oriented thinking predicted self-report of classroom engagement. Together, the three variables accounted for sixteen percent of the variance in engagement. Adding a fourth variable, gender, led to twenty percent of the variance in engagement being explained.
Testing Multistage Testing Configurations: Post-Hoc vs. Hybrid Simulations
Authors: Sari Halil
Published: February 2020

Due to low cost monte-carlo (MC) simulations have been extensively conducted in the area of educational measurement. However, the results derived from MC studies may not always be generalizable to operational studies. The purpose of this study was to provide a methodological discussion on the other different types of simulation methods, and run post-hoc and hybrid simulations in the multistage testing environment (MST), and to discuss the findings and interpretations derived from each simulation method. The real data collected via paper-pencil administrations from 652 students were used to test different MST design configurations under different test lengths. The levels of test lengths were 24-item, 36-item and 48-item. The five levels of MST designs were 1-2, 1-3, 1-2-2, 1-3-3, 1-4-4 and 1-5-5 design. Both post-hoc and hybrid simulations were run with the same group of students. All analyses were completed in R program. The results indicated that in terms of absolute bias, RMSE and pearson correlations, post-hoc and hybrid simulations generally resulted in comparable outcomes. Regardless of the simulation method, the 1-5-5 MST design was the most recommended design. Another finding was that in all simulations, as the test length increased, the outcomes were better, in general. Advantages and disadvantages of each method, and recommendations for practitioner and limitations for future research were provided in the study.
Evoked potentials registration v1
Authors: Vasiliev Yuriy , S.S. Dydykin , S.A. Rabinovich , S.V. Klochkova , K.A Zhandarov , A.D Kashtanov
Published: February 2020

Registration of evoked potentials on painless, painful and thermal stimulation in the trigeminal nerve system before and after local anesthesia allows estimating the effectiveness and depth of pain relief. The technique involves local anesthesia of the mental nerve with subsequent registration of evoked responses on the device by Nicolet (USA) with its evoked potential software "Bravo" . Cup electrodes attached with sticky electroconductive paste were used as recorders. The attachment place was pre-treated with abrasive so that the electrode resistance did not exceed 3 к. Three types of evoked potentials were recorded on the stimulation area of the face: 1. short-latency trigeminal evoked potentials on electrical stimulation (short latency TEP), 2. long latent fiberboard for non painful and painful electrical stimulation (long latent fiberboard), 3. long latent EP on selective stimulation of thin nerve fibers with thermal stimuli (thermal EP) Medoc Ltd, Ramat Yishai, Israel .
Kahramanmaraş’ta Bağcılığın Mevcut Durumu, Potansiyeli ve Geliştirilmesi
Authors: GÜVENÇ İsmail
Published: February 2020

Türkiye’de üzüm üretimi 4.0
milyon ton kadardır. Kahramanmaraş 80-90 bin ton üzüm üretim miktarı ile
Türkiye'de üzüm üretiminde % 2.01’lik paya sahiptir. Türkiye’nin bağ alanları
içinde Kahramanmaraş’ta bağcılık yapılan alanlarının payı % 3.75’dir. Türkiye
ve Kahramanmaraş’ın bağ alanları (r=0,318) ve üzüm üretimi  (r=0,367) arasında pozitif bir ilişki vardır.
Kahramanmaraş’ta üretilen üzümün çekirdekli olarak % 74.08’ini sofralık ve %
25.50’ini ise kurutmalık- üzüm çeşitleri oluşturmaktadır. Kahramanmaraş’ın
vejetasyon süresi 280 gün kadar olup bu süre bağcılık için yeterlidir.
Kahramanmaraş yıllık ortalama 16.9 ºC civarında bir sıcaklığa sahip olup bu
ortalama sıcaklık değerine göre ilin iklimi birçok üzüm çeşidinin
yetiştiriciliğine uygundur. Herhangi bir yerde bağcılık yapılabilmesi için
gerekli olan asgari etkili sıcaklık toplamı (EST)  900 gün-derece olup Kahramanmaraş için EST
değeri 2.895 gün-derece olarak tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan İlin güneşlenme
süresi 2.144 saat olduğundan bağcılık için uygundur. Kahramanmaraş’ta yıllık ortalama
yağış ve vejetasyon dönemindeki ortalama yağış miktarı sırasıyla 724.7 ve mm
359.6 mm’dir. Bu nedenle İldeki bağlar yetiştirme döneminde ihtiyaç durumu
dikkate alınarak sulanmalıdır. Sonuç olarak İlin mevcut bağcılık durumu ve
potansiyeli dikkate alındığında Kahramanmaraş’ta bağcılığın daha da
geliştirilmesi mümkündür.
Kanola Yağı İçeren Yemlerle Beslenen Avrupa Deniz Levreği (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)’nin Sindirim Kanalı Boşaltım Süresinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Hatice Asuman
Published: February 2020

Bu
çalışmada Avrupa deniz levreği (Dicentrarchus
labrax) yemlerinde kullanılan, balık yağına ikame olarak, üç farklı oranda
(0, 50 ve 100) kanola yağı (Kanola, K) içeren yemlerle (20.4 g) 10 hafta
boyunca vücut ağırlıklarının %2’si olacak şekilde beslenmiştir. Besleme
denemesinden sonra, her tanka (500 L) 20 adet levrek (78.6 ± 3.58 gram) üç
tekerrürlü olarak stoklanmıştır. Sindirim kanalının boşaltım süresinin
belirlenmesi için, örneklemeden önce bireyler 72 saat aç bırakılarak sindirim
sisteminin tamamen boşaltılması sağlanmıştır. Örnekleme başlamadan önce tüm
balıklar tek öğün “ad libitum” olarak beslenmiştir. Her deneme grubundan 0.,
8., 16., 24., 32. ve 48. saatlerde tesadüfi olarak 9 adet balık örneklenmiş ve
sindirim kanalında mide, ön bağırsak ve son bağırsak olmak üzere üç farklı
bölgede kalan yemler tespit edilmiştir. Mide, ön bağırsak ve bağırsaklardaki en
kısa boşaltım sürelerinin sırasıyla 32.2; 60.9 ve 50.4 saat ile K0 grubunda (%0
kanola yağı) olduğu bulunmuştur, en uzun sürenin ise sırasıyla 41.9; 101.3 ve
70.2 saat ile K100 (%100 kanola yağı) grubunda olduğu belirlenmiştir (P<0.05).
Deneme sonunda ulaşılan veriler, yem içerisinde balık yağına ikame olarak
kullanılan kanola yağı oranın artması ile boşaltım sürelerinin doğrusal olarak
tüm sindirim sisteminde uzadığını ve levrek yemlerinde bu yağın yem
formülasyonlarında yüksek oranlarda kullanımını sınırlandıracağını
göstermiştir.
The NBN Futures Forum
Authors: Campbell Leith H
Published: February 2020

On 22 October 2019, TelSoc held its second NBN Futures Forum in Melbourne on the theme of realising the user potential of Australia’s National Broadband Network. Four speakers discussed various aspects of usage, including digital inclusion, access and affordability, broadband-enabled services, and service pricing. While the NBN has increased access to broadband, affordability remains an issue and the evidence suggests that gaps in digital inclusion are not being closed. The New Zealand experience suggests that demand for high-speed broadband will continue to grow if wholesale and retail prices are appropriately set. The cost of the NBN rollout remains a challenge for wholesale prices. Various improvements in affordability, including direct subsidies for low-income households, were canvassed.
Problems associated with menstruation among medical students: a cross sectional study
Authors: Shantha A. , V. Roselin , V. Srisanthanakrishnan
Published: February 2020

Background: Medical students are at high risk for developing menstrual irregularities due to their lifestyle, food pattern and exercise habits. Also, majority of the menstrual disorders are preventable by changing better lifestyle, early diagnosis and treatment. Hence this study was conducted with the objective of addressing the menstrual disorders and associated problems among the medical students.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted by the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, at Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, among the first, second- and third-year female students who are doing their MBBS course in the same institute, during the month of December 2019. A total of hundred students were included in the study. Data was collected using a proforma and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.Results: Menstrual cycle periodicity was irregular among 17% of participants. Dysmenorrhoea, mid cycle pain, heavy menstrual bleeding was noted among 27%, 19% and 11% respectively. Also 10% of students reported sickness absenteeism due to menstrual disorders.Conclusions: Adolescent students should be educated on the importance of physical and mental health in terms of healthy food habits and regular physical exercise to overcome the menstrual disorders and to enjoy healthy reproductive period.
Chikungunya in infants: a descriptive study in a district hospital
Authors: Sengottaiyan Palanivel , Muthusamy Ramaswami
Published: February 2020

Background: To define the clinical profile of Chikungunya in infants admitted at a District Hospital in South India.Methods: All infants admitted in Government District Headquarters Hospital, Namakkal from January 2019 to December 2019 with fever (defined as axillary temperature > 99.6 F) and any one of the following features; seizure, loose stools, peripheral cyanosis, skin manifestations or pedal edema in children less than one year with chikungunya IgM ELISA positive were included in this study. Details of disease from onset of illness till admission were noted. This was a descriptive observational study.Results: Fifty-six (46) infants were included in this study, out of it 27(58.69%) were males and 19(41.30%) were females. 7(15.21%) infants were less than 1 month of age, 21(45.65%) were 2-6 months old and 18(39.13%) were 7-12 months old. Fever was invariably present but associated constitutional symptoms in infants consisted of lethargy or irritability and excessive cry. The most characteristic feature of the infection in infants was acrocyanosis and symmetrical erythematous rash were noted in most infants. Erythematous macules and patches were observed which later progressed to morbilliform rashes.Conclusions:Atypical clinical manifestations of chikungunya infection in infants as compared to older children to be carefully observed for its proper management. The morbidity and mortality of the disease may be avoided by the rational use of drugs and close monitoring of all infants.
A retrospective study of clinical profile and outcome of patients with rodenticide poisoning in tertiary care teaching hospital, Mandya Karnataka, India
Authors: S. Rajashekar , M. Prakash G.
Published: February 2020

Background: Poisoning is the major health problem in developing countries like India. Rodenticides are one of the commonest substances used for poisoning in India. Rodenticides are the substances used to kill rats. They differs from chemical composition and toxicity profile. Prognosis mainly depends on chemical content of poison.Methods: This retrospective record-based study was conducted between October 2018 to September 2019 at MIMS tertiary care teaching hospital, Mandya, Karnataka, India. Data regarding age, sex, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic status, type of poison, route of exposure, clinical presentation, complications and outcome of poisoning and associated comorbid conditions were collected from the hospital records and documented in the pre-structured proforma. Descriptive analysis was carried out by the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables.Results: Out of 126 study subjects, 77 (61.11%) were female, 49 (38.89%) were male. Most common age group was 21 to 30 years (45.23%), followed by 31 to 40 years (26.19%) group. Most common poison was zinc phosphide (52.39%), followed by yellow phosphorous (30.16%). Mode of poisoning was suicidal (94.4%) followed by accidental (5.6%).Most common symptom at presentation was nausea, vomiting (62.6%) followed by pain abdomen (52.4%).Most common complication was hepatitis 34 (26.98%) patients, followed by hepatic encephalopathy in 6 (4.76%) and cardiogenic shock in 6 (4.76%) patients. Total mortality was 8 (6.3%).Conclusions: Among rodenticides zinc phosphide was most common consumed poison in present study. Yellow phosphorous was most toxic poison and Aluminium phosphide was most lethal poison. Even though there is no specific antidote, early symptomatic treatment is the key in reducing the mortality.
Clinical profile and deformities in leprosy patients: a record based study
Authors: Sanker Anita , George Sandhya , Bhaskaramenon Sindhu Chunangat
Published: February 2020

Background: Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, infectious in some cases, and affecting the peripheral nervous system, skin and certain other tissues. Even though leprosy was declared eliminated as a public health problem in India on December 2005, new cases of leprosy continue to appear. Hence a study on clinical profile and deformities in all leprosy cases registered in the last 5 years was done to know the current status of leprosy in this area.

Methods: This was a retrospective record-based study of leprosy cases done at Government Medical College, Manjeri, for a period of 5 years from October 2014 to September 2019.

Results: 42 cases from the record were included in the study. Maximum cases belonged to the age group of 31 to 40 and males were more than females. 81% of the patients were multibacillary leprosy (MB) and 8 cases belonged to paucibacillary (PB) leprosy. Four child cases were registered as PB cases. Mostly encountered clinical diagnosis was borderline tuberculoid leprosy (23 out of 42) and two had type 1 reaction. Seven patients had deformity of which two had grade 2 deformity and rest had grade 1 deformity.

Conclusions: One patient who presented with grade 2 deformity and type 1 reaction was from tribal area indicating low awareness about leprosy among them. More number of cases in the multibacillary group and presence of child cases and deformities reinforces the need for strict surveillance to eradicate leprosy. 
Pedagogical Pathways for Indigenous Business Education: Learning from Current Indigenous Business Practices
Authors: Berge Simon T.
Published: February 2020

Business is one of the fastest growing areas in post-secondary education, but there is little understanding of Indigenous business practices. This article looks at three Arctic communities in the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, and their associated co-operative businesses. I examine how these businesses express cultural values, as well as the business skill needs within these communities. Key informant interviews were conducted in each of the three Arctic communities, and three conclusions were made: (a) Co-operatives act as links between communities and their economic activities, (b) Business skills within communities need to be developed, and (c) Business skills need to include cultural components, as co-ops represent cultural economic expressions.
Diversity in Weed Phenological Pattern and Seed Rain in Dryland and Irrigated Agroecosystems of Indian Dry Tropics
Authors: Srivastava Rajani , Singh K. P.
Published: February 2020

This study was carried out to compare the diversity in weed phenological events, seed production and seed rain in a dryland and an irrigated agroecosystems of Indian dry tropics. Diverse weed phenological patterns were noted in dryland and irrigated agroecosystems. During winter season, in dryland agroecosystem, dominant weeds like Anagallis arvensis, Chenopodium album and Phalaris minor showed approximately one month early germination and vegetative stage compared to irrigated agroecosystem for same species. The annual flower, fruit and seed production were higher in the dryland agroecosystem (344-351, 219-238 and 365-397 x 103 m-2, respectively) compared to irrigated agroecosystem (211-237, 132-142 and 252-261 x 103 m-2, respectively). The estimated annual seed rain by all species in the dryland agroecosystem (102-112 × 103 m−2) significantly exceeded (P less than 0.05) the seed rain in the irrigated agroecosystem (73−80 × 103 m−2) during both annual cycles. The difference was more marked during the winter season, when more than 3 fold the number of seeds were collected in seed rain during the dryland agroecosystem. There was strong positive correlation between seed production and seed rain, showing the dependency of seed rain (mostly dominated by annual species) on seed production in agroecosystems. Two different agricultural practices that continued for more 50 years on same type of land have cause changes in weed phenological pattern. Greater seed production, seed rain, and longer seed formation period indicate an adaptive mechanism of weed seeds in the dryland agroecosystem.
Dynamics of Litter Carbon and Nitrogen in Forest Fallows following Shifting Cultivation in Mizoram, Northeast India
Authors: Tripathi S. K. , Lalnunzira C. , . Wapongnungsang
Published: February 2020

In this study, a field trial was carried out on organic matter, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics of different litter components (i.e. leaf, branch, roots less than 2 mm and 2-5 mm) in forest fallows (3 years: FL-3, 5 years: FL-5 and 10 years: FL-10) at Muallungthu, Mizoram using litter bag techniques. The rate of organic matter loss and release of C and N was faster in leaf and fine root (less than 2 mm) compared to branch and coarse roots (2-5 mm). Further, litter mass loss rate was higher in longer fallow (FL-10) compared to shorter fallow (FL-3 and FL-5). Results showed that mass loss and release of C and N was largely depending on the initial litter quality, abiotic variables and litter microorganisms. Release of C followed the patter similar to that of mass loss, whereas, N release showed an initial release followed by a slow release or marginal increase that indicate the tendency of N immobilization. Results indicate that the addition of litter from the adjoining forest adds organic matter, C and N in shifting cultivation that may help in sustaining soil fertility and crop productivity of shifting agriculture sites in northeastern hill regions of Mizoram.
Polyamines Metabolism and their Relation with Reactive Oxygen Species and other Cellular Molecules during Plant Interactions with Pathogens
Authors: Singh Sunil Kumar , Farsodia Manisha
Published: February 2020

Polyamines are considered as essential molecules for plant growth and development. They are also implicated in abiotic and biotic stress responses. The roles of polyamines in abiotic stress regulation have been well understood, whereas their roles in response to biotic stress are poorly characterized in plants. However, various recent reports have acknowledged that polyamines and their catabolism generated H2O2 play important roles during biotic stress in plants. Polyamines and polyamines dependent signalling mediate reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging as these molecules accumulate in response to biotic stress. Polyamine catabolism also results in generation of H2O2 which act either by directly killing the pathogens or by acting as signalling molecules that mediate defense responses in plants. The H2O2 also interacts with the plant cell wall components and provides strength to the cell wall after infection and wounding. Polyamine catabolism generated H2O2 also play a role in signalling events post infection, which leads to hypersensitive cell death. They also interact with calcium dependent signalling cascade, phytohormones and secondary metabolites and provide resistance to plants during biotic stress. In this review we discussed the possible roles of polyamines and polyamines catabolism generated H2O2 and metabolites during plant host and pathogen interactions.
An Observation on Morphogenetic Response of Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis Bischl. and Boissel.-Dub. in Different Culture Media
Authors: Asthana A. K. , Srivastava Ankita , Sahu Vinay
Published: February 2020

The growth pattern of Marchantia polymorpha subsp. ruderalis, using gemmae as explant, in different culture media in combination with auxin and cytokinins has been studied. The plant growth was maximum in ½ KNOP's followed by KNOP's, Hoagland and Murashige and Skoog media. The normal growth of gemmae was inhibited at higher concentrations of hormone (1 mg L-1 Kinetin + 1 mg L-1 Auxin, 1.5 mg L-1 Kinetin + 1.5 mg L-1 Auxin, 0.5 mg L-1 2,4D) and callus like tissue was produced, while at lower concentrations (0.1 mg L-1 Kinetin+0.1 mg L-1 Auxin) gemmae developed normally and rhizoids were profusely produced on the surface of young thalli. Cultured thalli were transferred to the soil in pots and introduced in moss house.
Pseudomonas: A Major Bacteria in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil of South-West Punjab, India
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Adhikary Arindam , Saini Rashmi , Bhardwaj Pankaj
Published: February 2020

Soil microflora is continuously changing with altered soil conditions. These soil alterations are a consequence of heavy metals entering and affecting every sphere of life. Heavy metals are not only hazardous for crops but also affect the soil microbial community. Soil bacteria with the potential of plant growth promotion and multiple metal resistances can be an instrument for crop improvement and heavy metal detoxification. In this study, predominant bacterial community associated with the heavy metal contaminated soil was studied using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in association with culture-based techniques. Elemental metal analysis of collected soil samples showed an elevated level of metal content in the soil. 16S rRNA gene analysis and phylogenetic analysis of 126 bacterial clones revealed the probable predominance of Pseudomonas (40.48%) followed by Flavisolibacter (13.49%). Based on morphological and biochemical characterization, nine Pseudomonas strains were selected from the soil and were further confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing with 92%-100% similarity with Pseudomonas species. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and maximum tolerance capacity (MTC) of three essential metals Cu, Zn, and Fe were determined individually and in combinations. It was found that Zn is the most toxic metal among the three metals and the metal showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting microbial growth when used in combinations. Presence of three metal resistant/tolerant genes czcA, pcoA and copB were also determined in the isolated Pseudomonas sp. by PCR. The soil in this region has high concentrations of heavy metals. The indigenous Pseudomonas sp. has multiple metal resistances and can be used for bioremediation of heavy metals and microbe assisted phytoremediation.
Physiological Response of Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Grown on Fly Ash-Amended Soil: Growth, Photosynthesis, and Antioxidant Defense
Authors: Panda Debabrata , Sethy Kalpana , Padhan Bandana , Mandal Lopamudra , Biswas Meghali
Published: February 2020

The present study deals with the growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant defense along with the metal accumulation in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] grown on various combination of fly ash amended garden soil. Significant improvement of soil quality such as pH, nitrogen and organic carbon was observed in 25% of fly ash amendments. Besides, the bioaccumulation of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn was remarkably increased with the increase of fly ash in amended soil. Fly ash (25%) amended with garden soil led to a 62% increase in plant biomass. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content significantly increased under 25% fly ash amendments soil, though photosystem (PS) II activity remained unchanged compared to the plants grown in garden soil. Furthermore, the activity of some antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase was increased over control under different fly ash amendments. Taken together, garden soil amended with 25% of fly ash not only improved the physicochemical properties of the soil but also contributed to better growth and photosynthesis in black gram.
NAIMENOVANIE_STATII
Authors: Zhurba Olga M. , Merinov A. V. , Alekseyenko A. N. , Shayakhmetov S. F.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Snow cover can be considered a reliable index of air pollution, it provides information on the spatial distribution of chemical compounds and the intensity of exposure to emission sources over a certain period. The need for snow cover studies is connected with the fact that precipitation not only reflects the state of atmospheric air, but also is a component of the balance of surface waters, and affects the state of soils, vegetation, and groundwater. Priority pollutants accumulated in the snow cover include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs), posing a public health hazard in urban areas. Materials and methods. To assess the level of contamination of different areas of snow cover in the zones, 9 sites were selected at different distances from stationary sources. Sampling was carried out in the period of maximum snow accumulation in the form of cores over the entire depth. There were used methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, fluorimetry. Results. The data on the content of PAH and PHs in the snow cover of the city of Shelekhov of the Irkutsk region are presented. The rates of atmospheric deposition of PAHs, determined by their concentrations in the snow cover, were established to be high in this area. The maximum content of the amount of PAH - 134.7 µg/l and 78.0 µg/l, petroleum hydrocarbons 0.98 µg/l and 0.32 µg/l was found in the levels closest to stationary sources. The total content of benzo(a)pyrene at all points exceeds the background value on average 10.6-29.4 times. Conclusion. The data on the content of PAH and PH in the snow cover of the town of Shelekhov of the Irkutsk region are presented. Rates of atmospheric deposition of PAHs, determined by their concentrations in the snow cover, were established to be high in this area. The maximum content of the amount of PAH - 134.7 µg/l and 78.0 µg/l, petroleum hydrocarbons 0.98 µg/l and 0.32 µg/l was found in the levels closest to stationary sources. The total content of benzo(a)pyrene at all points exceeds the background value on average by 10.6-29.4 times.
BIOMONITORING OF THE CONTENT OF FLUORINE IN WORKERS IN THE MODERN ALUMINUM MANUFACTURE
Authors: Shayakhmetov Salim F. , Merinov A. V. , Lisetskaya L. G. , Meshchakova N. M.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Workers of modern aluminum plants experience long-term exposure to a complex of toxic chemical compounds, components of which are fluoride compounds. They have a chronic toxic effect on an organism. In this regard, it becomes relevant to conduct biomonitoring studies to assess the level and dynamics of excretion of fluorine in exposed workers of modern aluminum production. Material and methods. A total of 186 workers in primary aluminum production, individuals at increased professional risk (42 people) and 77 patients with established occupational diseases were examined. Results. The average fluoride - ion concentrations in the urine of aluminum production workers ranged from 1.2 ± 0.3 to 3.6 ± 0.9 mg/dm3 and were by 1.7-5.1 times higher than in the control group (0.7 ± 0.2 mg/dm3), the highest values were observed in workers of the main occupations of workshops with the technology of prebaked anodes. In workers of the high-risk group, examined in a hospital, content of fluoride ion in the urine increased by 1.1-1.4 timeswith the increase their experience of work in all experience groups (from 1.5 ± 0.2 to 2.1 ± 0.3 mg/dm3), with the exception of persons who have worked for 25 years or more (1.5 ± 0.1 mg/dm3). In workers with an established diagnosis of an occupational disease with an increase in the length of the post-exposure period there was observed a decrease in urinary fluoride ion excretion from 1.8 ± 0.1 mg/dm3 in the group with a time period up to 4 years and to 1.2±0.1 mg/dm3 in the group with 10 years or more. Conclusion. The results of studies argue a high content of fluoride ion in the urine in workers at aluminum smelters and in patients with an established diagnosis of occupational disease, which depends on the technology used, the worker’s occupation, length of service and the length of the post-contact period. This allows recommending the biomonitoring of fluoride compounds to assess occupational risks and the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic measures.