bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Achievements, Problems and Prospects of Functioning and Circulation of Agricultural Receipts in Ukraine
Authors:   Polissia National University, Abramova I. V.
Published: April 2021

In present times, agrarian receipts are becoming increasingly popular among small agricultural producers. In parallel, the issues related to the improvement of the legal framework for their functioning and circulation, the incompleteness of the process of registration of property rights and lease agreements for land plots in the State Register of property rights to immovable property, low awareness of farmers with the mechanisms of circulation of these financial instruments appear to be relevant. The study is aimed at theoretical substantiating the problems, achievements and prospects associated with the functioning and circulation of agrarian receipts, as well as developing practical recommendations for improving this process. The study was carried out according to the general methodological scheme of the system approach. In the course of the study, the methods of comparative analysis, statistics-economic, abstract-logical, graphic, and some other methods were used. It is determined that the functioning of the five-year project «Agrarian Receipts in Ukraine», initiated by the International Finance Corporation (IFC), provided a powerful basis for the successful use of agrarian receipts. The peculiarities of functioning and circulation of agrarian receipts in agriculture of Ukraine are substantiated. A comparative analysis of the use of agrarian receipts and other credit instruments by agricultural producers is carried out. Problems are identified and advantages associated with the use of agrarian receipts are outlined. It is proved that agrarian receipts are an effective instrument for attracting relatively cheap credit resources by small and medium-sized agricultural producers. Registration of agrarian receipts speeds up the procedure for obtaining a loan; does not require additional collateral, since the collateral is the future crop; can be repaid by the products for which the loan was provided. It is determined that the improvement requires a mechanism of functioning of agrarian receipts in terms of increasing the period of their use, expanding the list of entities that can issue agrarian receipts, changing the collateral for agrarian receipt. Further research will be aimed at developing new and improving existing financial instruments of rural development.
Problematyka decyzji i kompetencji finansowych osób starszych w ujęciu ekonomicznym
Authors: Rutecka Joanna , Pieńkowska-Kamieniecka Sylwia
Published: April 2021

Posiadanie odpowiednich kompetencji finansowych przez osoby starsze jest problemem istotnym. Seniorzy stanowią bowiem, z racji przekształceń w strukturze demograficznej, coraz liczniejszą grupę konsumentów i potencjalnie istotnych inwestorów na rynku finansowym. Podejmowane przez nich decyzje finansowe nie zawsze odpowiadają faktycznym potrzebom, co wynika z niedostatków wiedzy finansowej, spadku możliwości analitycznych oraz szybkich zmian dotyczących funkcjonowania rynków finansowych. Analiza poziomu wiedzy i kompetencji finansowych w wybranych krajach potwierdziła, iż poziom ten zmienia się wraz z wiekiem. Osoby po 60 roku życia borykają się z problemami dotyczącymi oceny i porównania oferty dostępnej na rynku finansowym, a mając świadomość własnych niedostatków decydują się na nabycie produktów dobrze znanych.
Effective Performance Metrics for Multimedia Mission-critical Communication Systems
Authors: Ali Ashraf , Ware Andrew
Published: April 2021

Mission-critical Communication Systems that are adaptable for use with the latest generation of multimedia services are crucial for system users. To determine the set of requirements that need to be hardcoded into such systems, a clear distinction between mission-critical and non-mission-critical systems is required. Moreover, the users of services provided by such systems are very different to those of current mobile commercial communication systems. These differences give rise to a set of challenges that need addressing to facilitate migration from existing systems to those now being proposed. One such challenge relates to the performance of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) registration process. This is a crucial consideration for mission-critical systems, particularly in large-scale systems where thousands or even millions of users may seek to access the system in disaster scenarios. This paper presents an evaluation of IMS and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) performance metrics and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Moreover, it articulates a proposed study that will seek to address some of the challenges identified.
Development and Evaluation of Blockchain based Secure Application for Verification and Validation of Academic Certificates
Authors: Leka Elva , Selimi Besnik
Published: April 2021

Academic degrees are subject to corruptions, system flaws, forgeries, and imitations. In this paper we propose to develop a blockchain smart contract-based application using Ethereum Platform, to store, distribute and verify academic certificates. It constitutes a trusted, decentralized certificate’s management system that can offer a unified viewpoint for students, academic institutions, as well as for other potential stakeholders such as employers. The article describes the implementation of three main parts of our proposed solution that includes: verification application, university interface and accreditor interface. This application avoids administrative barriers, makes the process of deployment, verification, and validation of certificates faster, efficient, and more secure. Additionally, it offers confidentiality of the data by using AES encryption algorithm before creating transactions and allows bulk submission of multiple academic certificates.
Detection of Lung Nodules on CT Images based on the Convolutional Neural Network with Attention Mechanism
Authors: Lai Khai Dinh , Nguyen Thuy Thanh , Le Thai Hoang
Published: April 2021

The development of Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for automatic lung nodule detection through thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans has been an active area of research in recent years. Lung Nodule Analysis 2016 (LUNA16 challenge) encourages researchers to suggest a variety of successful nodule detection algorithms based on two key stages (1) candidates detection, (2) false-positive reduction. In the scope of this paper, a new convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is proposed to efficiently solve the second challenge of LUNA16. Specifically, we find that typical CNN models pay little attention to the characteristics of input data, in order to address this constraint, we apply the attention-mechanism: propose a technique to attach Squeeze and Excitation-Block (SE-Block) after each convolution layer of CNN to emphasize important feature maps related to the characteristics of the input image - forming Attention sub-Convnet. The new CNN architecture is suggested by connecting the Attention sub-Convnets. In addition, we also analyze the selection of triplet loss or softmax loss functions to boost the rating performance of the proposed CNN. From the study, this is agreed to select softmax loss during the CNN training phase and triplet loss for the testing phase. Our suggested CNN is used to minimize the number of redundant candidates in order to improve the efficiency of false-positive reduction with the LUNA database. The results obtained in comparison to the previous models indicate the feasibility of the proposed model.
Comparison of immune reconstitution between anti-T-lymphocyte globulin and posttransplant cyclophosphamide as acute graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in allogeneic myeloablative peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Authors: Massoud Radwan , Gagelmann Nico , Fritzsche-Friedland Ulrike , Zeck Gaby , Heidenreich Silke , Wolschke Christine , Ayuk Francis , Christopeit Maximilian , Kröger Nicolaus
Published: April 2021

Anti-T-cell lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) and posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) are now widely used strategies to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Data comparing immune reconstitution (IR) between ATLG and PTCy is scarce. This retrospective study conducted at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) compares PTCy (n=123) and ATLG (n=476) after myeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant. Detailed phenotypes of T, B natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT) cells were analyzed by multicolor flow at day 30, 100 and 180 posttransplant. Incidence of infections, viral reactivations, GVHD and relapse were collected. Neutrophil engraftment was significantly delayed in the PTCy group (median day 12 vs. day 10, P<0.001) with a high incidence of infection before day+100 in the PTCy arm but a higher Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in the ATLG arm and comparable cytomegalovirus reactivation. Overall incidence of acute GVHD was similar but moderate/severe chronic GVHD was seen more often after PTCy (44% vs. 38%, P=0.005). ATLG resulted in a faster reconstitution of CD8+ T, NK, NKT and gdT cells while CD4 T cells and B cells reconstituted faster after PTCy. Similar reconstitution was observed for T-regulatory cells and B cells. Non-relapse mortality relapse incidence, disease-free survival, and overall survival did not differ significantly between both arms. Even though differences in IR were related to a decreased incidence of infection and moderate/severe cGVHD in the ATLG group they had no impact on any of the other long-term outcomes. However, it remains undetermined which regimen is better as GVHD prophylaxis.
Perancangan Mesin Tetas Telur Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Suhu dan Sensor Udara
Authors: Surapati Alex , Rinaldi Reza Satria , Wahyudi Okta
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe design of quail egg incubators is intended to facilitate the hatching process. The heat source used in the incubator is produced from heaters that use incandescent lamps and humidifiers are used as humidity regulators. The temperature regulator uses a fan to maintain air circulation and reduce the temperature when the temperature has exceeded the setpoint. This tool is equipped with a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, an incubator motor is used for the egg turning process, a sound sensor is used to detect if an egg has hatched and a GSM module will send an SMS notification to the farmer. The whole system is controlled by Arduino Mega 2560. During the hatching period, the temperature needed to incubate quail eggs is 39oC and humidity is 60%. The eggs in the hatching machine are rotated once every 3 hours with a 45o rotation angle. This is so that the egg can be heated evenly. The hatching process takes 18 days, with a hatching success rate of 98% of 50 eggs. The use of power in the hatching machine is on average 62.44 watts up to 83.45 watts and for 1 hatching period for 18 days, that is 25.2392kWh.Keywords: Arduino Mega 2560, DHT11, humidifier, GSM module
Perancangan Prototype Sistem Keluar Masuk Kendaraan Dengan Proses LPR (License Plate Recognition) Dan QR (Quick Response) Code Di Universitas Bengkulu
Authors: Agustian Indra , Daratha Novalio
Published: April 2021

AbstrakTingkat keamanan yang lebih pada suatu tempat akan membuat pemilik kendaraan merasa nyaman dan tidak khawatir akan kendaraan yang dimilikinya. LPR (License Plate Recognition) merupakan salah satu pemanfaatan pengolahan citra untuk mengenali karakter nomor pada plat kendaraan. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses pengenalan karakter pada plat nomor kendaraan adalah K – Nearest Neighbors (K-NN). Inisialisasi tambahan pada sistem keamanan diperlukan untuk menjaga kendaraan dengan tingkat keamanan yang tinggi. Quick Response (QR) Code digunakan sebagai ID bagi para pengendara yang akan melakukan proses keluar masuk kendaraannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisa dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa akurasi proses pendeteksian plat nomor kendaraan dengan metode K-NN pada penelitian ini adalah 93.875%. Sedangkan berdasarkan jarak minimum kendaraan sejauh 0.6 m tingkat akurasi mencapai 100% dan pada jarak maksimum kendaraan sejauh 1.5 m tingkat akurasi sebesar 82.5%. Tingkat pada pembacaan QR code memiliki akurasi sebesar 95 %.Kata kunci: License Plate Recognition (LPR), pengolahan citra, K – Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Quick Response (QR) Code
Rancang Bangun Prototype Mesin Pemotong Rumput Kendali Jarak Jauh Menggunakan Aplikasi Android
Authors: Rosa M. Khairul Amri , Rinaldi Reza Satria , Illahi Ridho
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis research develops a prototype of a remotely controlled lawn mower using Android smartphone with Bluetooth connection to avoid the risk of accidents. The lawn mower is controlled by an Android application developed with Mit App Inventor using HC-05 Bluetooth module connection. This prototype uses a DC motor as a driving motor to rotate the blade with an LM393 speed sensor using Arduino Uno microcontroller. The developed system is equipped with an option of grass height that can be adjusted. The test of HC-05 Bluetooth module resulted the maximum acceptable connection distance in the open space is 80 m and the maximum connection distance with a barrier is 10.45 m. DC motor speed tests are carried out on the lawn mowers at no load and loaded conditions. The results showed a slight decrease in motor speed at the grass height of 6 cm and 4 cm, but at 2 cm height the rotation dropped significantly.Keywords: lawn mower, remote control, Arduino Uno, Bluetooth, Android
Perancangan Sistem Pengontrolan Water Treatment Menggunakan Kontrol PID
Authors: Syahputra Septian , Santosa Hendy , Hadi Faisal
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKAir minum adalah air yang melalui proses pengolahan atau tanpa proses pengolahan yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan dan dapat langsung diminum. Perusahaan daerah air minum (PDAM) sebagai perusahaan air minum belum dapat sepenuhnya menyediakan air bersih bagi masyarakat karena masih banyak mengalami kendala-kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat alat water treatment menggunakan sistem kendali PID dengan metode trial & error. dengan melihat parameter kekeruhan dan pH pada air yang menjadi syarat air layak minum. Alat ini terdiri atas perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak, perangkat keras terdiri atas sensor pH, sensor kekeruhan, dan motor servo. Sedangkan perangkat lunak terdiri atas aplikasi arduino IDE(Integrated Development Environtment.) Pada perancangan ini menerapkan kontroler PID sebagai pengatur bukaan motor servo sehingga sesuai dengan nilai yang diinginkan. Nilai yang ingin dicapai yaitu pH 7 dan kekeruhan <5 NTU(nephelometric turbidity unit). Pada pengujian sistem didapat nilai set PID dengan Kp=3, Ki=1,5 dan Kd=2 yang dicapai untuk menetralkan air dengan rata-rata waktu selama 3,2 menit pada pengkondisian air asam. Sedangkan pada pengkondisian air basa, untuk menetralkan air dengan rata-rata waktu selama 4,2 menit. Untuk tingkat kekeruhan, telah didapat nilai yang dicapai untuk menjernihkan air dengan rata-rata waktu selama 6,6 menit pada pengkondisian air sampai 110 NTU yang diterapkan menggunakan kontroler PID. Untuk menetralkan air asam, digunakan bahan kimia Natrium Hidroksida(NaOH) dengan konsentrasi 0,07 M(Molaritas). Sedangkan untuk menetralkan air basa, digunakan asam asetat(CH3COOH) dengan konsentrasi 0,06M.Kata kunci : Water treatment, sensor pH, sensor turbiditas, motor servo, PID(Proporsional-Integral-Diferensial).
Perancangan Alat Ukur Tinggi Badan Dengan Keluaran Suara
Authors: Rachman Ahmad , Surapati Alex , Hadi Faisal
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKPengukuran tinggi dari suatu titik ke titik lainnya dapat menggunakan mistar atau meteran. Pada beberapa kasus, penggunaan meteran ini tidak efektif, contohnya untuk menentukan kedalaman laut, maka akan sangat sulit jika menggunakan meteran tersebut. Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana merancang alat ukur tinggi badan dengan sensor suara (PING)? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat  alat pengukur tinggi badan dengan memanfaatkan sensor ultrasonik dan mempunyai keluaran suara. Metode penelitian terdiri atas dua tahap yaitu perancangan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak. Hasil penelitian pada pengukuran tinggi badan dengan 10 orang sebagai objek didapat selisih 1 cm sampai 2 cm, sedangkan pengukuran dengan objek datar dan dilakukan 5 kali pengukuran didapat selisih yang berbeda-beda, mulai dari selisih 10 cm, 5cm, 2 cm dan mencapai akurat. Keluaran  dari  sensor  ultrasonik  ini  diolah menggunakan mikrokontroller  ATmega8535 menjadi  data  dan  dapat  dibaca  dengan  menggunakan  alat  display  berupa  LCD dan bisa didengar melalui speaker. Error yang dihasilkan oleh sensor PING sekitar 0% – 0,016%. Pengukuran sudut pancaran gelombang ultrasonik didapat sudut-sudut istimewa yaitu 15 derajat sampai dengan 45 derajat. Pengukuran pada objek yang dilakukan 5 kali pengukuran didapatlah selisih 0% sampai 21%.  Kata kunci: Alat ukur tinggi badan, sensor suara, ATmega8535, speaker. AbstrakPengukuran tinggi dari suatu titik ke titik lainnya dapat menggunakan mistar atau meteran. Pada beberapa kasus, penggunaan meteran ini tidak efektif, contohnya untuk menentukan kedalaman laut, maka akan sangat sulit jika menggunakan meteran tersebut. Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana merancang alat ukur tinggi badan dengan sensor suara (PING)? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat  alat pengukur tinggi badan dengan memanfaatkan sensor ultrasonik dan mempunyai keluaran suara. Metode penelitian terdiri atas dua tahap yaitu perancangan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak. Hasil penelitian pada pengukuran tinggi badan dengan 10 orang sebagai objek didapat selisih 1 cm sampai 2 cm, sedangkan pengukuran dengan objek datar dan dilakukan 5 kali pengukuran didapat selisih yang berbeda-beda, mulai dari selisih 10 cm, 5cm, 2 cm dan mencapai akurat. Keluaran  dari  sensor  ultrasonik  ini  diolah menggunakan mikrokontroller  ATmega8535 menjadi  data  dan  dapat  dibaca  dengan  menggunakan  alat  display  berupa  LCD dan bisa didengar melalui speaker. Error yang dihasilkan oleh sensor PING sekitar 0% – 0,016%. Pengukuran sudut pancaran gelombang ultrasonik didapat sudut-sudut istimewa yaitu 15 derajat sampai dengan 45 derajat. Pengukuran pada objek yang dilakukan 5 kali pengukuran didapatlah selisih 0% sampai 21%.  Kata kunci: Alat ukur tinggi badan, sensor suara, ATmega8535, speaker.
Analisis Potensi Kebohongan dengan Galvanic Skin Response Dan Diameter Pupil Mata
Authors: Kurniawan Adhadi , Haidi Junas , Rosa M. Khairul Amri , Suryanata Jefri
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKSistem alat pendeteksi kebohongan pada penelitian ini menggunakan sistem kerja dari GSR (Galvanic Skin Response) dan perubahan diameter pupil mata seseorang untuk melihat perubahan resistansi ataupun perubahan respon kulit yang terdapat pada jari tengah dan telunjuk seseorang menggunakan sensor GSR dan menggunakan kamera webcam Logitech B525 HD untuk melihat perubahan diameter pupil mata pada seseorang. Analisa pada penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk dan perubahan ukuran diameter pupil.mata.atau.?X yang berpotensi berbohong atau tidak. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak empat kali untuk membuktikan perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk dan ukuran diameter pupil mata atau ?X. Pada pengujian perubahan nilai resistansi kulit atau ?Rk pada pengujian kedua perubahan resistansi kulit atau ?Rk terjadi didetik 12 sebesar 0,244 ? dan pengujian ketiga didetik 12 dan 16 sebesar 1,018 ?. Sedangkan pengujian perubahan ukuran diameter pupil mata ?X perubahan terjadi pada pengujian pertama didetik ke 11 sebesar 1, 31 mm dan detik 19 sebesar 0,92 mm dan pengujian kedua didetik ke 12 sebesar 1,1 mm.Kata kunci: Galvanic Skin Response, Pupil Mata, Bohong
Penyuluhan Pengolahan Perikanan pada Poklahsar di Kecamatan Darma, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat
Authors: Sigalingging Ria Irama Kristiani , Hasan OD Soebhakti , Susilawati Tuti
Published: April 2021

Kecamatan Darma terletak di Kabupaten Kuningan, mempunya sumber daya alam berupa Waduk yang digunakan untuk perikanan budidaya. Kelompok pengolah dan pemasar (poklahsar) di sekitar waduk belum memanfaatkan ikan untuk membuat olahan karena karakteristik ikan yang kurang disukai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan pada pelaku usaha perikanan di sekitar Kecamatan Darma, khususnya pelaku usaha perikanan di sekitar Waduk Darma, terhadap sanitasi dan higiene produksi olahan ikan dan diversifikasi olahan ikan. Penyuluhan dilakukan menggunakan metode demonstrasi cara, diskusi dan praktik. Sasaran penyuluhan adalah 22 orang pelaku usaha pengolahan ikan yang tergabung dalam tiga poklahsar. Materi penyuluhan adalah penerapan prinsip sanitasi dan higiene pada produksi olahan ikan dan diversifikasi olahan ikan. Hasil evaluasi penyuluhan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pada aspek pengetahuan mengenai aneka macam olahan ikan. Aspek sikap terhadap diversifikasi olahan ikan. Pada saat sebelum penyuluhan, sasaran cukup setuju terhadap diversifikasi olahan ikan, kemudian menjadi sangat setuju terhadap diversifikasi olahan ikan. Namun pada tingkatan adopsi inovasi, belum ada sasaran yang mau untuk menerapkan prinsip sanitasi higiene. Pendampingan terhadap pelaku usaha perlu dilakukan agar tercapai penerapan prinsip tersebut.
Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com lesão por pressão: estudo comparativo entre hospital público e privado
Authors: Bastos Iris Waleska Rodrigues de Melo , Costa Lara Freire de Menezes , Ferreira Meryanne Fernandes de Aguiar , Carvalho Lucyo Wagner Torres de , Zimpel Sandra Adriana , Alves Priscila Godoy Januário Martins , Calumby Rodrigo José Nunes , Silva Juliane Cabral
Published: April 2021

A lesão por pressão (LP) acontece quando um tecido é comprimido por uma proeminência óssea e uma superfície. Sua presença pode agravar o estado de saúde do paciente, gerando dor e comprometimento sistêmico. As altas taxas de incidência, prevalência, mortalidade e de custos provenientes dessa condição, representam um grave problema de saúde pública. Este estudo teve por objetivo conhecer o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes que adquiriram a LP durante o processo hospitalar, comparando características entre o hospital público e o privado. Trata-se de um estudo analítico, comparativo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado pela análise de prontuários. O perfil clínico geral dos pacientes que adquiriram LP no ambiente hospitalar foi: 50% feminino e 50% masculino; idoso (62%); com período de internação curto <1 mês (64%), que receberam atendimento multidisciplinar (97%) e fisioterapêutico (86%) e vieram a óbito (68%). A realidade sociodemográfica e clínica dos pacientes foram semelhantes, o que demonstra que os fatores de risco não são relacionados ao tipo de assistência pública ou privada, exceto em relação a faixa etária e a doença associada. Ressaltamos a alta incidência de óbito encontrada na população estudada, o que demonstra a necessidade de ampliar o cuidado preventivo.
A dependência da cultura do tabaco x a diversificação da propriedade
Authors: Lampert Nalini Maiquiéli Castilhos , Pellegrin Taciano , Pretzel Márcio Mário , Medeiros Liziany Muller , Folmer Ivanio , Paprosqui Juliane , Machado Gabriella Eldereti
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa traz reflexões acerca da diversificação de uma propriedade rural em relação a uma propriedade que investe na monocultura do tabaco. Ambas as propriedades estão localizadas na região norte do município de Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Teve como objetivo geral investigar o que cada uma produz para sua autossuficiência e o que/quanto compram, buscando identificar os benefícios que a diversificação da produção agrícola traz para a família, tanto financeira como nutricional influenciando diretamente na saúde do indivíduo.  Para que a pesquisa pudesse ser efetivada optou-se por coletar os dados através da observação direta nas propriedades bem como conversa informal com os proprietários para entender as diferenças e as motivações que mantem esses aspectos. Os dados encontrados apontam para uma liberdade financeira e qualidade nutricional maior de uma família que investe na diversificação da propriedade em relação à família que se dedica ao cultivo do tabaco e fica financeiramente dependente das fumageiras.
Elektrikli Araçlarda DA Hızlı Şarj Ünitelerinin Şebeke Altyapısına Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜVEN Aykut Fatih , AKBAŞAK Salih Burak
Published: April 2021

Ulaşım sektöründeki gelişmeler günden güne hızla artmaktadır. Bu sektördeki en büyük etki, elektrikli araçların hızlı gelişimi ve pazara uyum sağlamaya başlamasıdır. Bu etki, elektrikli araçların şebeke altyapısına olan entegrasyonu sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Elektrikli araçların şebeke altyapısında oluşturduğu etkiler, elektrik enerji talebinde sıkıntılar meydana getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, elektrikli araçların şebeke altyapısına bağlantı noktası olan şarj ünitelerin/istasyonların simülasyonu sonucu analizler yapılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan bozucu etkilerin giderilerek daha iyi sonuç elde edilmesi için çözüm üretilmiş ve uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan çözüm öncesi ve sonrası etkiler incelenmiştir.
Characterizing suitable habitat for the largest remaining population of the threatened Florida scrub-jay Aphelocoma coerulescens
Authors: Miller KE , Shea CP
Published: April 2021

Birds that breed in early-successional shrubland habitats are declining throughout North America. The Florida scrub-jay Aphelocoma coerulescens depends on Florida scrub, a shrubland plant community endemic to peninsular Florida, USA. The Florida scrub-jay is nonmigratory, federally listed as threatened, globally listed as Vulnerable, and experiencing ongoing population declines. The largest remaining population occurs in Ocala National Forest (Ocala NF), where the effects of intensive management of scrub for forest product extraction are unknown. During 2011-2014, we conducted the first quantitative evaluation of Florida scrub-jay density and productivity at Ocala NF in relation to the age, size, and connectivity of early-successional habitat patches. Regenerating clearcut stands 3-10 yr post-harvest provided suitable habitat conditions for Florida scrub-jays, with the maximum number of family groups and juveniles occurring in stands 6.5 and 7.4 yr post-harvest, respectively. Our findings indicate that previous definitions of suitable habitat for the species in Ocala NF (e.g. 0-20, 3-15, 3-12 yr post-harvest) are overly broad. We suggest that managers define suitable habitat conservatively given that few stands >10 yr post-harvest were occupied by scrub-jays, and annual productivity in those stands was relatively low. Our findings that scrub-jays readily occupied small scrub patches and did not avoid forested edges should be interpreted with caution, and more demographic study is needed to understand survival and dispersal among patches. Managers can maximize Florida scrub-jay populations in Ocala NF by increasing the availability of habitat that is within 3-10 yr post-harvest.
Rapid video assessment detects qualitative differences in oyster reef habitat
Authors: Heggie K , Ogburn MB
Published: April 2021

A combination of anthropogenic stressors and overharvesting has led to a loss of oyster reefs and the important ecosystem services they provide. Addressing these losses through restoration is now a focus of coastal and estuarine conservation efforts. The present study tested a low-cost, qualitative rapid assessment approach for monitoring habitat characteristics of subtidal oyster reefs differing in restoration activity. The study was conducted in 4 tributaries of the Choptank River complex, Maryland, USA, which included harvest areas and no-take reserves (sanctuaries). At each site, a categorical score ranging from 0 to 3 was compared with percent cover of oyster shell and of fouling organisms. Restored reefs in oyster sanctuaries had higher scores (2 to 3) and percent cover of oyster shell and fouling organisms than unrestored sanctuary reefs or reefs open to harvest; higher scores were also associated with greater percent cover of hard substrate and fouling organisms. The Harris Creek sanctuary reef system had the highest percentage of scores of 3 (40%), followed by tributaries with partially restored reef systems (14% in Little Choptank, 6% in Tred Avon) and harvest areas (2% in Broad Creek). Although validation with metrics of live oysters is needed, rapid video assessment appears to be an effective, low-cost tool for qualitative monitoring of subtidal oyster reefs in areas with adequate visibility.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI 2 SENTAJO RAYA MELALUI METODE DISKUSI
Authors: Riyanto Agus
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pembelajaran masih didominasi oleh guru, kesulitan siswa dalam memahami penjelasan guru, dan penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang kurang efektif. Hal ini menyebabkan aktivitas siswa kurang tersalurkan dan hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah. Untuk itu perlu metode pembelajaran yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah tersebut, dalam hal ini melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran diskusi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 2 Sentajo Raya pada kelas 8 A yang berjumlah 30 siswa. Intrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan dalam aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dimana pada siklus I aktivitas siswa sebesar 78,26% dan siklus II mencapai 91,30%. Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 68,67 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 50%, pada siklus II hasil belajar siswa mencapai rata-rata sebesar 76,11 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 86,67%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran melalui metode diskusi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SMP Negeri 2 Sentajo Raya.
Changes in serum biochemistry of fish, Catla catla in response to metal toxicity
Authors: Hassan Wardah , Abdullah Sajid , Hadayat Naila , Naz Huma , Parveen Shakeela
Published: April 2021

In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of heavy metals i.e. nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) on the serum biochemical parameters of Catla catla. The fish were exposed to lethal concentrations (96-hr LC50) of selected metals. The studied serum biochemical parameters were sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), albumin (Alb), urea (U), glucose (Glu), aspartate aminotransferase (Ast) and alanine aminotransferase (Alt). Results revealed a decrease in Na, Cl and Alb levels of metal exposed fish at all exposure periods as compared to control. However, an increase in K, U, Glu, Ast and Alt levels was observed in the metal exposed fish. All the biochemical parameters showed significant dependence on exposure durations in both treated fish except Na and Alb in Zn treated fish. This study indicated that the alterations in serum biochemical parameters may be the result of the target tissue damage and dysfunction induced by the metal and that these parameters can thus be used to assess the toxic effects of metals on organisms.
GENESIS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN DETERMINING THE ESSENCE OF THE SCIENTIFIC CATEGORY "ECONOMIC SECURITY"
Authors:   GENESIS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN DETERMINING THE ESSENCE OF THE SCIENTIFIC CATEGORY ", BULGAKOVA MARINA ,   ECONOMIC SECURITY"
Published: April 2021

Economic security is a condition for a balanced and stable State. The transformation of the social, political and economic state of Russia, together with changes in market conditions on a global scale, indicate the need to consider theoretical approaches to determining economic security as one of the relevant issues that form the basis for the protection and preservation of national interests. The proliferation of new technologies, including those related to the digitalization of society, makes it necessary not only to follow modern trends, but also, based on studies of past years, to develop the ability of the state to respond in a timely and adequate manner to the destabilizing effect of various facts. The article presents the genesis of targeted guidelines for economic security and the evolution of approaches to the definition of the term «economic security» in Russia, which made it possible to identify the first preventive attempts to reduce the likelihood of negative consequences and localization of threats to national security, both in Russia and abroad. The author analyzed modern domestic trends and scientific views in foreign countries on economic security issues, as well as a brief comparative description of approaches to determining national security in the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The article contains a wide range of approaches to the definition of the term «security», as well as a retrospective of the scientific worldview and reflection on the essence of security as an economic category. Imperfections were identified in the «traditional» approaches, as well as in the modern European and American paradigms of economic security. The author's definition is proposed in the conclusion of the article.
PECULIARITIES OF CHALLENGING A DEBTOR-CITIZEN TRANSACTION: TRENDS IN LEGISLATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE
Authors:   Korolev’s branch of the International Law Institute, Korolev, Moscow region, Russian Federation, BELOVA IRINA
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of the procedure for challenging transactions in the framework of bankruptcy proceedings of individuals, identifying trends in regulation and law enforcement practice in this area. To achieve it such tasks are set as: the analysis and study of the procedure and grounds for challenging transactions of the debtor-citizen, the identification and characterization of the features of the application of provisions of family law in challenging transactions of the debtor-citizen, the establishment of peculiarities of challenging transactions of the debtor-inheritor. The conducted work allowed to establish the relationship of the rules on bankruptcy of individuals with the general provisions of the legislation on insolvency, the norms of family and inheritance law. The study of the contestation of debtor-citizen transactions allowed to identify general and special rules, to develop a proposal to adjust the terms of claims for contestation of transactions by creditors. The interrelation of norms of family law and provisions of bankruptcy law in terms of meaning, legal consequences and peculiarities of challenging extrajudicial agreements on the division of marital property and the establishment of alimony obligations was established. Attention is drawn to the legal positions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the possibility of combining spouses' insolvency cases. It is noted that these aspects are reflected only in the explanatory act of the highest court. It is concluded that the regulation of social relations connected with the contestation of transactions of the debtor-inheritor is lacunae. It emphasizes the debatable nature of the issues of admissibility of the debtor's transactions by the heirs and the application of the consequences of invalidation of the transaction. It is determined that the proper legal regulation and law enforcement of norms of contestation of debtor-citizen transactions should ensure the efficiency of formation of the bankruptcy estate and contribute to the satisfaction of creditors' claims.
SYNERGY OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES FOR THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VERIFICATION PROCESS ILLEGALLY HARVESTED WOOD
Authors:   Academy of Management of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, BULGAKOVA MARINA
Published: April 2021

Modern technologies, digitalization and the formation of a new stage of industrialization, called «industrialization 4.0» in the absence of achieving the final goals of the previous stages of transformation, testify to the rapid and multidirectional flow of transformations in society. Despite the desire to unite a tremendous amount of information, each science, discipline, industry, production, etc., is changing based on an individual vector of development, remaining within the framework of digitalization mechanisms recommended by law. This generally does not contribute to the formation of a synergistic effect in certain activities. In this article, the author considers the possibilities of interdisciplinary methods to counter illegal logging through synergy of wood verification methods. The analysis of illegal logging from the point of view of violation of the rights of the Russian Federation, as the owner of the resource, and wood, as material evidence, the storage of which is impossible in a criminal case, together with the results of surveys, allowed the researcher to form and graphically present a mechanism for the implementation of material evidence (wood), identify problematic issues and propose possible ways to resolve them with an emphasis on reducing procedural costs and developing criminal proceedings. The author's definition of the term «wood verification» is proposed, the classification of methods (dendrochronological, forensic identification (including tracological, botanical, forest-pathological, forestry), visual, odorological, stable isotopes, genetic), as well as their characterization. The study concludes with a conclusion on the advisability of transforming the approaches used by some units of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in order to achieve a synergistic effect in the process of verifying illegally harvested wood and countering criminal encroachments of an environmental orientation.
ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREST PROTECTION INSTITUTE IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Academy of Management of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, BULGAKOVA MARINA
Published: April 2021

Illegal logging is a global problem that cannot be addressed unambiguously and in all cases. Given that criminal acts about wood are not a new type of violation, but, having appeared long before the current century, remain one of the most common negative social phenomena, the author analyzed the process of formation and development of forest protection in Russia. The first conservation certificates, «green» forests, as well as the restrictions on forest management introduced by Peter I, caused by the need to form a new model of state defense, were the basis for the formation of legal protection of forests. At the same time, the author notes that the established regimes were interconnected and interdependent from a number of legal factors, the key of which was the form of ownership of the territory in which the trees grew. The study contains an analysis of the transformation of the institution of «forest guardians,» the rights, obligations and requirements for employees, the number of units, as well as their social security. The content of the article is divided into several blocks, which is due to the political system that prevailed at a certain time in the development of society: feudal grand-ducal power, the Russian state, the Russian Empire, the RSFSR, the Russian Federation. A brief analysis of law enforcement and judicial practice, a study of regulatory documents, coupled with reporting and archival documents based on the results of the activities of forest protection units, made it possible to conclude that it was impossible to exercise control over forest resources without the formation of specialized units, the functioning of which may be temporary.
DAVID RICARDO ON INVESTMENT
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, SHPINEV YURY
Published: April 2021

The article examines the views of one of the founders of classical economics, David Ricardo, on the issues of investment, capital and profit. The need for this study is caused by the lack of a single definition of investment in the regulatory acts of investment legislation, as well as in the scientific community. Thus, there is a problem of regulatory regulation of one of the most important concepts of the economy. Given that the concepts of investment, capital, and capital investment are primarily economic categories, it seems quite reasonable to consider the emergence and development of these concepts in the retrospect of economic theories, in order to understand the essence of the phenomenon and finally solve the issue of its legal regulation. The scientific novelty of the study is that despite a large number of works on the work of David Ricardo «The Beginnings of Political Economy and Taxation», no special work was carried out on the contribution of the great economist to the theory of investment. Conclusions. The main achievements of Ricardo in the field of capital and investment include the author's definitions of capital, free capital, the creation of a theory of comparative advantages of trade, the division of capital into fixed and circulating capital depending on strength, as well as the description of the reasons that stimulate and hinder foreign investment.
Lack of urban landscape: hidden risks for the development of megacities
Authors:   Academy of Management of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bulgakova MARINA
Published: April 2021

Urban space, as the process of urbanization develops, deformes the natural environment, adapting it to its own needs. The natu-ral growth of urban populations, the inclusion of suburban areas or the transformation of rural areas entail the need to distribute natural complexes in order to minimize the direct and indirect impact of man, as well as the effects of his activities on the natural components of the environment. At the same time, assessment of indicators of comfort of a city landscape based not on subjective judgment of the indi-vidual, and use of a complex of data (indicators of the area of territories, city forests, forests, population, average life expectancy acted as criteria), allowed the author to carry out the analysis of forest exploitation of city forests of megalopolises as podjobjekt of ensuring eco-nomic security and permanent development of the forest industry at the territorial (regional) level. The ecological and social orientation of the study of fifteen millionaire cities of Russia found non-compliance with forest area standards in the eleven largest settlements of the country. The author ranked the megacities of Russia according to the criterion «placement of urban forests». The presented methodology for diagnosing forest management in millionaire cities allows you to identify trends in meeting the needs of the population in urban forests and justify the formation of challenges to the economic safety of the forest industry, including those related to the life expectancy of the population and the amount of money allocated for the maintenance and development of urban forests.
A GESTÃO DE PESSOAS E DO CONHECIMENTO NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES: UM IMPORTANTE PROCESSO INTERLIGADO
Authors:   UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal, CAZOLLI Vinicius Marques , TOMAZ Rozaine Aparecida Fontes ,   UEMG - Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Frutal
Published: April 2021

The world has been changing rapidly, which requires companies to be more efficient in the sphere of Human Resources and Knowledge management. It justifies the accomplishment of this work, the condition in which corporate management, when divided into: People Management, Competence Management, Intellectual Capital Management and Talent Management, starts to request new models from and to the market competitive in their processes. Therefore, as a central objective of the study, it is proposed to project a beam of light on the complex reality of companies in this new context, making the links and situations of relevance and appreciation of human capital through knowledge transparent. In parallel, the present work will deal with the intensive management of knowledge in organizational processes. As a result of this approach, it was possible to note that in the past management procedures were based only on industry standards. In addition, we have seen that the so-called Knowledge Intensive Organizations (OIC) have become companies that use intangible assets, such as Knowledge, for the manufacture and sale of goods and services. Methodologically, a bibliographic search was made in books, articles, websites and other productions available in the literature relevant to the topic. It should be noted that the main authors used were Chiavenato, Robbins, Marras and Rezende.
Can a Constitutional Monarch Influence Democratic Preferences? The Regulation of Public Expression in Japan
Authors: Annaka Susumu , Kato Gento
Published: April 2021

This study examines whether constitutional monarchs, who are non-political symbolic figures, have any influence on ideological attitudes under a democracy. We design a unique survey experiment on the emperor of Japan regarding the regulation of public expression. This issue can be framed both as left-wing (i.e., the regulation of hate speech) and right-wing (i.e., the regulation of publicly funded anti-nationalistic exhibitions). Taking advantage of the dual nature of the issue, we test the effects of the emperor's endorsement on support for regulation under each ideological frame. The results indicate that the (former) emperor's endorsement for freedom of expression does have a cross-cutting effect and decreases support for regulation. This effect is relatively small but statistically significant. Additionally, the findings provide weak evidence for the emperor's own ideological position conditioning his endorsement effect. These results provide new insights into how supposedly non-political popular figures can influence the formation of democratic preferences.
The Epidermal Growth Factor Ligand Spitz Modulates Macrophage Efferocytosis, Wound Responses and Migration Dynamics During Drosophila Embryogenesis
Authors: Tardy Olivier R. , Armitage Emma L. , Prince Lynne R. , Evans Iwan R.
Published: April 2021

How multifunctional cells such as macrophages interpret the different cues within their environment and undertake an appropriate response is a key question in developmental biology. Understanding how cues are prioritized is critical to answering this – both the clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) and the migration toward damaged tissue is dependent on macrophages being able to interpret and prioritize multiple chemoattractants, polarize, and then undertake an appropriate migratory response. Here, we investigate the role of Spitz, the cardinalDrosophilaepidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand, in regulation of macrophage behavior in the developing fly embryo, using activated variants with differential diffusion properties. Our results show that misexpression of activated Spitz can impact macrophage polarity and lead to clustering of cells in a variant-specific manner, when expressed either in macrophages or the developing fly heart. Spitz can also alter macrophage distribution and perturb apoptotic cell clearance undertaken by these phagocytic cells without affecting the overall levels of apoptosis within the embryo. Expression of active Spitz, but not a membrane-bound variant, can also increase macrophage migration speeds and impair their inflammatory responses to injury. The fact that the presence of Spitz specifically undermines the recruitment of more distal cells to wound sites suggests that Spitz desensitizes macrophages to wounds or is able to compete for their attention where wound signals are weaker. Taken together these results suggest this molecule regulates macrophage migration and their ability to dispose of apoptotic cells. This work identifies a novel regulator ofDrosophilamacrophage function and provides insights into signal prioritization and integrationin vivo. Given the importance of apoptotic cell clearance and inflammation in human disease, this work may help us to understand the role EGF ligands play in immune cell recruitment during development and at sites of disease pathology.