bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustics Research Progress on Characteristics of Jellyfish Aggregation
Authors: Chen Shuai , Huang Hongliang , Li Lingzhi , Rao Xin
Published: October 2022

Jellyfish blooming threatens the safety of coastal industrial and personal safety. In recent years, ocean eutrophication, ocean engineering, global warming and other factors have combined to create a more serious situation. Traditional studies on the ecological behavior characteristics of jellyfish mainly rely on the methods of net fishing and visual observation. The use of acoustic technology for the acoustic monitoring of jellyfish has been applied in Europe, the United States, Japan, South Korea and other countries, showing good observation effect and application potential in the study of resource assessment and kinematic law.
Present Situation and Countermeasures of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Anhui Province
Authors: Jiang Kexin , Chang Huifang , Zhou Liugu , Yan Jing
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the process of Rural Revitalization has been gradually promoted, and rural domestic sewage treatment has become the only way to promote rural revitalization. Anhui Province, as a major agricultural and rural province in China, its current situation of water resources and water pollution in rural areas is still severe. This paper selects the rural areas of 16 cities in Anhui Province as the research object, explores the existing problems at this stage, and puts forward suggestions from the government, enterprises and individuals, so as to play a role in the treatment and improvement of rural domestic sewage throughout the country and promote the experience of Anhui.
Research Audit Helps Rural Residential Environment Improvement
Authors: Meng Yan
Published: October 2022

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main social contradictions in China have been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. For the vast rural areas, with the continuous increase of rural residents' income, The rural living environment with clear water, clean village and beautiful scenery has gradually become an important part of the growing needs of rural residents for a better life, and this demand is becoming increasingly urgent. In this sense, the improvement of rural residential environment is an effective way to solve the main social contradictions in the new era, and is the inevitable requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. However, the traditional audit mode has shortcomings in dealing with the complex system engineering of rural human settlement environment audit, so it is necessary to construct the research-oriented Audit Paradigm of rural human settlement environment remediation.
Economic Development and Future Prospects Brought to Minority Areas by Western Development
Authors: Zhou Liugu , Sun Zerui , Yang Yuxin , Yan Jing , Pan Qiren
Published: October 2022

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1999 clearly put forward that the country should implement the strategy of developing the western region and implement the development strategy in the western region of our country, which provides a new development opportunity for the economic development of the western region. It has been more than 20 years since the implementation of the Western Development Strategy. The governments of local ethnic areas actively cooperate with the instructions issued by the central government, make full use of policies related to the Western Development, and actively take relevant measures that are conducive to the development of ethnic areas. The ability to enhance their own economic development and increase the level of local per capita income and achieved remarkable achievements. However, the development of the ethnic minority areas in the west still cannot keep up with the development speed of the whole country. This paper first affirms the effect of the western development strategy for the western region, and finds out the existing problems, so as to put forward some suggestions for the better development of the western ethnic region. Sexual advice.
Limit Line Policy the Short-term Impact Study of Chongqing Urban Air Quality
Authors: Zeng Yin , Huang Shaobin
Published: October 2022

In recentyears,more and more serious congestion and environmental problems. Beginning in 2008, Beijing, China for the first time use of motor vehicles. The limit line policy, then the measures of different degree of restrictions taken in different places.Because chongqing landform is unique, therefore its policy restrictions have high research value. This article is based on the terrain characteristics of chongqing and the present situation of traffic, using a single differential method to evaluate the implementation of the policy have a short-term impact on the quality of the weather,  the implementation of the data show that different from other cities,  limit line policy of chongqing urban air quality has a certain role in promoting, but the effect is not obvious. At the same time,  the policy did not cause the second increase in private car purchase behavior.
Research on the Coordinated Development Strategy of Renewable Energy Industry in Henan Province
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Wang Qingfeng
Published: October 2022

The renewable energy industry in Henan Province suffers from uneven development rate and unreasonable structure of various types of renewable energy, high industrial development cost, financing difficulties, and insufficient consumer demand, which seriously restrict the coordinated development of the industry. In order to promote the coordinated development of renewable energy industry in Henan Province, this paper proposes the solution strategies including strengthening the scientific planning of the industry, determining the key development areas, improving the awareness level of renewable energy among residents, and cultivating the consumption demand of renewable energy.
Colored Correlated Noises Induced Regime Shifts in a Time-delayed Lake Eutrophication Ecosystem
Authors: Liu Jian , Guo Jiaqi , Ding Xiaojian , Qiao Zijian , Zang Chuanlai
Published: October 2022

The catastrophic regime shifts in the lake eutrophication ecosystems may be usually caused by environmental perturbations, and the lake dynamics exhibit bistability characteristics with oligotrophic and eutrophic states. This paper is devoted to investigate the time delay effect in a time-delayed lake eutrophication ecosystem (TD-LEE), where the dynamics ecosystem is deemed to be disturbed by both multiplicative and additive noises. On the basis of small delay approximation, we derive the expression of the generalized effective potential function in the TD-LEE and discuss the impact of stochastic delay on the regime shifts between oligotrophic and eutrophic states. In the view of dynamical behaviors on the TD-LEE model, we also revealed that the combination with time delay and colored correlated noises can expedite the regime shift from the eutrophication to oligotrophication, thereby inhibiting the development of lake eutrophication and protecting the stability of lake ecosystem.
A Review of Research on L2 Interactional Competence
Authors: Jiang Fang
Published: October 2022

According to the theory of interactional competence, discursive practices are co-constructed by participants, each of whom contributes linguistic and pragmatic resources to the practice. Interactional competence is the ability that people need in daily communication and language learning. This study introduces the basic concepts and theoretical framework of interactional competence, reviews the relevant literature and achievements of the research on interactional competence in second language (L2) testing and teaching at home and abroad, points out the limitations of the current research, and puts forward suggestions for further studies.
Technical Types of Data Crawling and its Legal Regulation
Authors: Lou Haohan , Ji Meihong , Weng Ruoxuan , Liu Shuting
Published: October 2022

The progress of network crawling technology has given birth to data crawling technology in different links. Economic development and technological progress have led to frequent data disputes, which involve many legal issues such as the protection of citizens' personal information and the definition of ownership of network data. This paper combines the analysis of technology types and application links with the scene analysis, that is, the vertical technical penetration and the horizontal typical scene analysis. It focuses on the analysis of technology types in three links: data environment entry, data acquisition and collection, and data utilization, as well as the regulatory thinking of enterprise data and personal information crawling, and puts forward the path of reasonable government data disclosure and enterprise data rights. Horizontal coordination, rational demarcation and multi-dimensional co-governance.
Analysis on the Dilemma and Countermeasures of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Developing Cross-border E-commerce
Authors: Chen Zhangyin
Published: October 2022

Small and medium-sized enterprises have provided important support to the development of China's foreign trade. Especially with the continuous development of Internet technology, a new type of cross-border e-commerce trade has emerged, which has brought new space for the development of foreign trade to small and medium-sized enterprises. However, SMEs are also faced with various cross-border e-commerce development problems, such as the lack of high-quality talents and diversified marketing models, which make it difficult for SMEs to develop cross-border e-commerce smoothly. Therefore, this paper first analyzes the development status of cross-border e-commerce in small and medium-sized enterprises, and then expounds the development problems of cross-border e-commerce faced by small and medium-sized enterprises, and based on this, puts forward corresponding solutions.
Financial Mismatch and Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises
Authors: Liu Weidong , Jiang Yue , Lin Xiaoxuan , He Shujing
Published: October 2022

Based on the relevant research of domestic and foreign scholars, this paper analyzes the transmission mechanism of the impact of financial mismatch on total factor productivity of enterprises through the intermediary variable of enterprise innovation, and deeply explores the relationship between financial mismatch and total factor productivity of enterprises. It is expected to put forward suggestions for enterprises to improve total factor productivity and China's factor marketization reform, provide a new direction for the next step of state-owned enterprise reform, and provide a basis for promoting China's manufacturing enterprises to transform into innovation driven enterprises.
Research on the Influencing Factors of Carbon Emissions in Anhui Province based on LMDI Model and STIRPAT Model
Authors: Han Yanlibin , Ye Anning , Zhang Min
Published: October 2022

Based on the improved model of Kaya identity and LMDI decomposition method, this paper conducts decomposition analysis on the influencing factors of carbon emissions in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2020. Based on the results of LMDI decomposition method, this paper uses STIRPAT model to conduct regression analysis to study the internal driving factors of carbon emissions in Anhui Province, and provides targeted carbon emission reduction suggestions. The results show that economic development contributes the most to the positive pull of carbon emissions, and energy intensity contributes the most to the inhibition of carbon emissions. Optimizing the energy structure, improving the energy utilization rate, optimizing the industrial structure, developing the economy with high quality, and improving residents' awareness of low-carbon life can all inhibit CO2 emissions.
A Fast Route Conflict Detection Method based on Space Box
Authors: Chen Guanzhi , Chen Yuhan
Published: October 2022

Routes Conflict detection is of great importance to air traffic control. Due to previous route conflict detection algorithm has a large number of computations, high time complexity and low reliability. This paper proposes a fast route conflict detection method based on the space box. Firstly, the space to be detected is divided into several space boxes, and the space box numbers of the track in the airspace are calculated according to the track coordinates. Secondly, in the case that multiple batches of tracks exist in the same space box, the location of the tracks is predicted according to the current track parameters. If the distance between the tracks gradually decreases, it is judged that the tracks have conflict risk and an alarm is required. The simulation results show that the algorithm has low time complexity, and high efficiency, and is suitable for parallel processing and large-scale route conflict detection, which has high application value.
Time of Fragmentation in Heavy Ion Collisions near the Fermi Energy
Authors: Yang Kun , Liao Xiangjun
Published: October 2022

We simulated 64Ni + 58Ni collisions at an incident energy of E/A = 40 MeV by using an antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) model with employing a statistical decay code. The primary fragment yields were analyzed, and a power-law distribution was shown in the mass range 1 A 30. = 2.3 was treated as the signature of the reaction system (64Ni + 58Ni) at the critical point, and suggested that the fragments formed at 55-75 fm/c while the disassembling system at/or near its critical point.
The Impact of Financial Risk Management System under Big Data on the Performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
Authors: Xu Xinyang
Published: October 2022

In the past five years, financial risk events have occurred frequently, and the traditional financial risk management system has been unable to resolve the risks in the current network economy era in a timely manner. Big data technology is a research hotspot in recent years. This paper selects the data of my country's small and medium-sized board listed companies on June 31, 2022, and constructs a financial risk management system that combines financial indicators and non-financial indicators from the perspectives of financial risk early warning mechanism, big data theory and decision tree analysis. The empirical results show that big data technology promotes the construction of financial risk management system, and the improvement of financial risk management system is significantly positively related to the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises.
A Postmodern Analysis of Film Adaptation of E.M. Forster’s Maurice
Authors: Kayani Dr. Taimoor
Published: October 2022

This study explores a postmodern analysis of film adaptation of E.M. Forster’s Maurice. It examines the difference between the novel and its film adaptation with the help of postmodern analysis. The research design of the study is qualitative, descriptive, analytical and applied in nature. Articles, journals, and books such as A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon and Writing About Movies by Gocsik Karen are very helpful in postulating the analysis of Maurice. The main emphasis is made on the identification of the adaptation of source text Maurice by E.M. Forster. In order to achieve this goal, first of all, a review of the previous works that are related to Maurice in the field of Literature is taken into account. Secondly, an understanding of A Theory of Adaptation by Linda Hutcheon is taken into account. Also A Theory of Adaptation from different perspectives such as the appeal of adaptation, intentionality in adaptation, transcultural adaptation and the pleasures of adaptation. The findings of this study show the difference between the novel and its film adaptation in the form of cinematography, visual, arts, location, gender, wardrobe, costume, etc. In the novel, rather different plot is used than the film. In the film, the focus is only on the subplots of the novel for cinematography. In other words, there is a difference between the original text and its adaptation. This study is helpful for learners who are trying to learn and teach film adaptation.
Cell Behavior During Accelerated Passing Through Micro-Gap
Authors: Uehara Shogo , Hashimoto Shigehiro , Shimada Sakyo , Kurihara Ayaka
Published: October 2022

A biological cell is flexible and must deform to pass through a narrow gap. Therefore, in capillaries and in liver and spleen sinusoids, vascular constrictions plays the role of a filter to sort healthy from damaged cells in vivo. In this study, deformation of a cell during accelerated passage through a microgap in a microflow channel was analyzed in vitro. A gap with the rectangular cross section (7 μm height, 0.8 mm width, and 0.1 mm length) was inserted at the middle of a microflow channel using photolithography. Myoblasts (C2C12: mouse myoblast cells) were used in the test. The flow rate of the medium fluid, in which cells were suspended, was controlled by the pressure head between the inlet and outlet. The deformation of smaller cells passing through the microgap with an accelerated velocity was observed with an inverted phase-contrast microscope. The results show that each elongated smalller (diameter < 15 μm) cell tends to tilt parallel to the flow direction during its transit through the gap.
A Decade of Youth Behavior Studies Regarding ICT's Impacts: Notes on the Experience of School of the Future Research Laboratory at the University of São Paulo - Brazil
Authors: Passarelli Brasilina , Angeluci Alan César Belo
Published: October 2022

School of the Future Research Laboratory at the University of São Paulo – USP is 32 years old and since 2010 has been devoted to map and discuss new behaviors among different virtual communities seeking of media and information literacy (MIL), new ways of learning and producing contents on digital platforms. On order to do so we have been developing surveys, virtual ethnography and netnographic studies to map new attitudes and behaviors of contemporary networked actors. This article brings a summary of several findings in the research conducted in the last ten years, demonstrating how the pioneering work of School of the Future researchers points out indicators on the behavior of young communities that are valid to this day and still raise contemporary discussions. In order to do so we will focus on our most extensive netnographic studies developed with young students throughout Brazil in 2012-2014.
An Interdisciplinary Design Project for Undergraduate Engineering Training – Portable Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction System
Authors: Mei Lanju , Zhang Lei , Brown Willie , Tan Xianfang
Published: October 2022

Our world has been permanently changed by the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 starts around the end of 2019. In the first few months of 2020, the whole world was in urgent need of an effective, easy, and quick method for the identification of the infection of the new virus. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine, which can test DNA samples by rapidly making millions of copies of a specific DNA sample through the PCR process, including the COVID-19 virus, can perfectly fit this demand. In this study, a design project on PCR is introduced for undergraduate education in electrical and mechanical engineering. The objective of this project is to develop a low-cost, ease-of-use, wallet-size, portable real-time PCR (RT-PCR) machine for accurate testing of various bacteria or viruses. The key function of the PT-PCR system is to precisely control and maintain the temperature of the biosample solution within a range between 55°C and 95°C. This project provides students opportunities in studying and practicing a wide range of engineering technics and skills, including mechanical design, electronics design, microcomputer programming, data acquisition and processing, etc. Students can gain comprehensive understanding of the design of multiphysics system after they overcome various challenges emerging in the project. From the view of engineering education, the process of this project development has demonstrated the importance and benefits of adopting complex interdisciplinary engineering problems for student teams to solve, especially those involve contemporary issues.
Study to Delimit the Factors That Contribute to the Adoption of an Agile Methodology
Authors: Orantes-Jiménez Sandra-Dinora , Pérez-Castillo Yadira-Jazmín , Aguilar-Jaúregui María-Elena
Published: October 2022

Agile methodologies are increasingly being adopted by companies. The research on adopting an agile approach is based on the elements required for its implementation. On the other hand, a quantitative study on the challenges of adopting an agile approach is interesting. The main objective of this work is to present the results of a study on the factors that have a significant relationship with the adoption of an agile approach over a traditional one by work teams in software development companies. With this objective, a systematic analysis of works that mention this transition was carried out, to extract and synthesize the existing challenges. These challenges were used to outline a conceptual framework to evaluate the connection between the challenges that work teams have to suffer from the linear relationship with the adoption of an agile approach. Next, a construct was used to test and evaluate the factors that are part of the proposed framework. The findings indicate that what leads to the decision the transition from the traditional approach to agile is the quality, complexity, and management of iterations where the work is visible to the users; factors that have a significant linear relationship with the adoption of an agile approach. We recommend that organizations consider these findings during their adoption phase of any agile methodology over a traditional one.
Robot Arm Control System for Assisted Feeding of People With Disabilities in Their Upper Limbs
Authors: Arnáez Daniella , Manco Fiorela , Oliden José , Kemper Guillermo
Published: October 2022

This work proposes a robot arm control system for assisted feeding of people with reduced functionality in their upper limbs. It aims at improving their quality of life by helping users recover their independence when feeding, aided by the proposed system. Previous research presents solutions that often lack functionality to meet the user's needs, such as a lack of emergency functions or the use of passive feeding techniques, due to the absence of adequate human-robot interaction. The proposed solution involves the design of an interface adapter between the robot arm and the spoon, for the correct transport and positioning of the food. Moreover, a PD-type electronic controller is implemented for the robot arm; it includes gravity compensation and trajectories defined from the detection of the user's position. Additionally, the system has two safety features: an emergency button and a proximity warning that triggers when undesired objects are too close to the robot arm. The proposed system was validated through position tests and interaction with people using rice and oatmeal. When carrying out the tests with rice, 80% success was obtained, while in the case of oatmeal, 98.9% success was achieved.
TRATAMENTO DA ATROFIA UROGENITAL EM MULHERES PÓS MENOPAUSA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Nogueira Bruno Antônio Cruz , da Mota Brenda Valadares , de Morais Gustavo Henrique Duarte , Perillo Valentina Machado , Porto Milena Barbosa , Santana Flávia de Castro
Published: October 2022

SEM RESUMO
USOS DE PEPTÍDEO-1 SEMELHANTE AO GLUCAGON EM MEDICINA
Authors: Cezar Ana Clara Nogueira , Ribeiro Amanda Barbosa , Silva Laura Vilela Buiatte , Pereira Uiara Rios
Published: October 2022

SEM RESUMO
Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos níveis de vitamina D em diferentes grupos etários.
Authors: Filho Ronair Rosa Dias , da Silva Marília Teresa Ferreira , Santana Bruna Batista , Borges Leonardo Luiz , Francescantonio Isabel Cristina Carvalho Medeiros , Ribeiro Andrea Alves
Published: October 2022

SEM RESUMO
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIE OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.) CULTIVARS USING RAPD MARKERS
Authors: Vivodik Martin , Balazova Zelmira , Chnapek Milan , Hromadova Zuzana , Mikolasova Lucia , Galova Zdenka
Published: October 2022

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important crop plant which contains a high amount of oil and protein. The main goal of the work was to use 13 RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers to study genetic polymorphism in a set of 28 soybean genotypes and to construct a dendrogram from the obtained results, based on which we will recommend genotypes for further breeding. In total, using 13 RAPD markers, we determined 108 fragments in a set of 28 soybean genotypes with an average number of 8.31 fragments per genotype. The number of fragments varied from 6 (OPB-08, OPE-07) to 12 (SIGMA-D-01). Of the total number of 108 fragments, 70 were polymorphic with an average number of 5.38 polymorphic fragments per genotype. The number of polymorphic fragments varied from 3 (OPE-07, OPF-14) to 9 (SIGMA-D-01). The average percentage of fragment polymorphism was 63.68% and ranged from 42.86% (OPF-14) to 83.33% (OPB-08). Diversity index (DI) values ranged from 0.710 (OPA-03) to 0.846 (OPD-08) with an average value of 0.763. A dendrogram prepared based on hierarchical cluster analysis using UPGMA algorithm separated 28 soybean genotypes into four clusters. The applied RAPD markers proved to be a suitable tool for detection of the genetic diversity of soybean genotypes. Based on the constructed dendrogram, it is possible to select suitable varieties for marker-assisted breeding.
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF FAGOPYRUM SP. GENOTYPES DETERMINED BY GENE-TARGETED MARKERS
Authors: Mikolášová Lucia , Hromadová Zuzana , Vivodík Martin , Chňapek Milan , Gálová Zdenka , Hornyák Gregáňová Radomíra , Balazova Zelmira
Published: October 2022

Fagopyrum represents an economically and nutritionally important crop which belongs to the group of pseudocereals. Buckwheat is referred to be a functional crop with a wide range of use around the world. Grains of buckwheat are nutritionally significant. They are characterised by a high content of starch, proteins, flavonoids and fibre. SCoT technique is used for the detection of plant genes polymorphism, for the evaluation of genetic diversity and for mapping the functional regions of the genome. The aim of the work was to perform molecular analyses of 21 genotypes of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench and 14 genotypes of Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. using ten gene-targeted SCoT markers. The seedlings of buckwheat were used for DNA isolation and subsequently for the amplification of the DNA using a polymerase chain reaction. The number of amplified fragments ranged from 12 (SCoT 60, SCoT 13) to 27 (SCoT 12). The total number of fragments was 176 of which 162 were polymorphic with an average of polymorphic fragments 16.2. The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 58.33 % (SCoT 60) to 100 % (SCoT 12, SCoT 13, SCoT 29, SCoT 30) with an average of 90.29 %. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values characterize the polymorphism of used SCoT markers. The PIC values ranged from 0.578 (SCoT 60) to 0.932 (SCoT 36) with an average of 0.859. The genetic diversity of buckwheat was determined by hierarchical cluster analysis using the UPGMA algorithm in the created dendrogram. Genotypes of buckwheat were divided into two main clusters. Two genotypes of common buckwheat (Siva, Špačinska I) from Slovenia and the Slovak Republic, respectively, as well as another two tartary buckwheat genotypes (Tohno Zairai, Winsor Royal) from unknown regions, respectively, were genetically the closest. The PCoA plot confirmed the separation of tartary buckwheat from common buckwheat resulting in the constructed dendrogram According to our results, we can consider the SCoT technique appropriate for differentiation of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench and Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. genotypes leading to genotype identification and utilization in the breeding process to improve the buckwheat genetic material.
Work Stress and Work Motivation on Employee’s Turnover Intention Mediated by Organizational Commitment
Authors: Arief Sartika Wati HS , Sudiro Achmad , Djumahir Djumahir
Published: October 2022

Background: With limited space to work WFH during the pandemic, it is the biggest challenge faced by all employees and companies.  In the midst of many companies holding a hiring freeze policy  or temporarily suspending the recruitment of new employees, ruangguru even did the opposite, RuangGuru held a routine recruitment of new employees during the pandemic.
Aim: This study aims to analyze and explain the effect of work stress and work motivation on turnover intention mediated by organizational commitment of employees of FEC PT.  Ruang Raya Indonesia Sumapapua I Makassar, Pare-Pare, Palopo.
Method: This type of research is an explanatory research that explains the causal relationship between the variables used through hypothesis testing. The sampling method in this study uses the saturated sampling method. The population determined in this study was 108 people, namely all employees of FEC Sumapapua I covering the Makassar, Pare-Pare, Palopo areas. The data obtained from the sample were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, with the SMARTPLS 3.0 approach.
Findings: The results showed that work stress has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention, work motivation has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention, work stress has a negative and significant effect on organizational commitment, work motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, organizational commitment has a negative and significant effect on organizational commitment turnover intention, organizational commitment does not mediate the effect of work stress on turnover intention, organizational commitment mediates the influence of work motivation on turnover intention.
Using Mind-Mapping to Develop EFL Students’ Writing Performance
Authors: Tarin Saowalak , Yawilong Rattana
Published: October 2022

The present study aims to explore the effects of using a mind map on EFL students’ L2 writing development through descriptive writing activities. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 30 Thai high school students. They were placed into three groups depending on their English proficiency, including advanced, intermediate, and novice, and data was gathered using quantitative and qualitative methods. A Pre-test and post-test, a participant observation, and a semi-structured interview were used as instruments. The results demonstrated an enlargement in post-test scores after EFL students used a mind map to write. Furthermore, the students had overall positive feedback on using a mind map to develop EFL writing performance. As a result, the significant findings of this study lead to educational suggestions concerning the importance of thinking tools regarding the connections between pictorial and written information. 

 
Children’s Early Acquisition of Syntactic Category: A Corpus-Based Analysis of English Determiner-Noun Combinational Flexibility
Authors: Lin Yumeng , Li Songqi
Published: October 2022

While the generativist account posits that an abstract specification of syntactic categories is innate and children show adult-like performance from an early stage, the constructivist account postulates that children’s early acquisition of grammatical categories is item-based and reflects limited rules later. The present study tests these assumptions in a specific category, the English determiners. More specifically, we took the controlled measures of overlap (e.g., the use of definite article the and indefinite articles a/an before the same noun type) in 16 children and their mothers’ spontaneous speech as an indicator of determiner-noun combinational flexibility. A series of three studies were conducted, in which we strictly controlled the impact of differences between children and adults in lexical knowledge. In Study 1 and Study 2, we find that children’s use of determiners shows a significant difference from adults but this difference disappeared later. Furthermore, Study 3 investigates the influence of external environment with birth order and family’s social class as factors and emphasizes that the input factor is worthy of further investigation in future studies. These findings are consistent with one of the constructivist claims, namely that children’s early acquisition of determiners is not category-based and their flexibility in using determiners gradually approximates that of adults with development.
“The Judgment That There are No Demons” by Li Xian-min
Authors: Alimov Igor A.
Published: October 2022

The publication introduces the reader to one of the most original novels from the collection Extensive Records from the Cloud Office (Yun zhai guang lu 雲齋廣錄) by Li Xian-min 李獻民 (? after 1111) The Judgment That There are No Demons (Wu gui lun 無鬼論). The translation of the novel into Russian is preceded by basic information about the author and his collection.
Mādhyamikas’ Argumentation against the Concept of Motion
Authors: Burmistrov Sergey L.
Published: October 2022

The concept of motion in Madhyamaka is treated as empty, i.e. having no referent in reality, for any change including the change of position of an object in space is generated by unenlightened saṃsāric consciousness. The Mādhyamikas teaching on motion was compared by some scholars with the views of the ancient Greek philosophical school of Eleatics, who also treated motion as unthinkable. But, while the Eleatic school considered true being to be absolute rest, the Mādhyamikas considered the concept of rest to be as empty as that of motion, for it is correlated with the concept of motion and has no sense without it. According to Nāgārjunas argumentation and to his commentator Candrakīrti, motion exists nor in that part of space which has already been traversed neither in that part which has not yet been traversed, and the moving object itself is treated as a point having no spatial dimension and therefore devoid of internal motion. Besides, the Mādhyamikas oppose the moving subject, space and motion itself to one another, considering them to be independent of each other on the level of superficial truth. This leads to logical contradictions and thereby shows that all these concepts are empty. The real essence of motion could be described by words only if we knew it already, and we can understand it only using words and concepts. This forms a vicious logical circle, and the way out of it can be enlightenment and knowledge of the true reality.
“A Guide for the Perplexed” by Sayyid Kazim Rashti. Translated from Arabic and Persian. Part 2
Authors: Ioannesyan Youli A.
Published: October 2022

The article presents another part of our Russian translation (with an introduction and commentaries) of the valuable treatise, Dalil al-mutahayyirin (A Guide for the Perplexed), by Sayyid Kazim Rashti, one of the founders of the Shaykhi school. The work is dated 1842. The translation is made from the Arabic original, with its two Persian versions taken into account.
“Brosset Collection”: The History of Early Ac-quisitions of Japanese Manuscripts and Woodblock-Printed Books by the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences and by the Asiatic Museum (1791–1864)
Authors: Shchepkin Vasilii V.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the history of early acquisitions of Japanese manuscripts and woodblock-printed books to the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences and by the Asiatic Museum from 1791 to 1864, previously known under the collective name of the Brosset collection. The main sources for the study were the catalogs of Chinese and Japanese books by I. Busse (1798), P. Kamensky and S. Lipovtsev (1818), M.F. Brosset (1840, additions until 1864), as well as lists of some acquisitions by the Asiatic Museum and by the Academy of Sciences housed at the Archive of Orientalists of the IOM, RAS, and at the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The method of work involved comparing the titles of books mentioned in each of the catalogs or lists with the Japanese manuscripts and woodblock-printed books stored today at the IOM, RAS. As a result, it was found that the Brosset Collection was made up of acquisitions from at least nine donors, including valuable collections by Daikokuya Kodayu, J.A. Stutzer, the Russian-American Company, P.L. Schilling and K.I. Maksimovich.
Toz Metalurjisi Yöntemiyle Üretilen Fe Esaslı Fe-Ni-Cu Elmas Kesici Takımında Co’ın Etkisi
Authors: SOMUNKIRAN İlyas , ÇELİK Ertuğrul , TUNÇ Büşra , GÜNEŞ Çağdaş
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada toz metalürjisi (TM) tekniğiyle Fe esaslı Fe-Ni-Cu matrisine ağırlıkça farklı oranlarda (%10-20-30) kobalt (Co) ilave edilerek üretilen numunelerin mikroyapı ve bazı mekanik özellikleri incelendi. Sinterleme; 920 ºC’ de, 35 MPa basınç altında, 4 dk süreyle argon gazı atmosferinde yapıldı. Numunelerin mikroyapısal karakterizasyonu X-ışınları analizi (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), enerji dağılım spektrometresi (EDS) ile incelendi. Yoğunluk ölçümleri yapılan numuneler, sertlik ve üç noktalı eğme deneylerine tabi tutuldu. Sonuç olarak; takviye oranının artması ile porozitede azalma meydana geldi. En yüksek sertlik ve yoğunluk değerinin %20 Co ilaveli numunede olduğu görüldü. Co oranı ilavesiyle başlangıçta eğme gerilmesi ve yüzde uzamanın arttığı ve artan Co oranıyla birlikte eğme gerilmesi ve yüzde uzamanın azaldığı gözlendi.
Optional se constructions and flavours of applicatives in Spanish
Authors: Martin Fabienne , Arunachalam Sudha
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses Spanish optional se constructions, which host a reflexive clitic serving as a non-selected argument in transitive structures (comer(se) la manzana ‘eat.REFL the apple’). On the basis of new experimental data, we argue against the view that in such constructions se is similar to particles of exhaustivity such as up in English. We instead propose that se is a pronoun merged as an argument of a low applicative, conveying a locative relation ‘in(x; y; s)’ between the binder of the reflexive x and the nominative DP y (‘x is in y in s’), or, for a subset of speakers, as an argument of a high applicative, introducing a (direct) experiencer of the verbal event. It is shown how this proposal accounts for the variability in the acceptance of optional se constructions across speakers and verb types as well as for the inferences of enriched or unaided agency, affectedness and counter-expectation that have been argued to be triggered by the se-variant of these constructions.
Pedagogical Linguistics in Romance
Authors: Feldhausen Ingo
Published: October 2022

Linguists tend to underestimate their educational and societal role, but linguistics matters. Therefore, this article is a plea for linguists to act accordingly and to fulfill their important role boldly and creatively. By dealing with pedagogical aspects of Romance linguistics, an area which I call Romance Pedagogical Linguistics (RPL), I highlight the crucial role of linguistics in various pedagogical contexts of Romance languages and how all involved parties benefit from a strong, confident, and open-minded linguistic component. I assume a wide definition of RPL, thus including not only foreign and heritage language learning and teaching, but also teaching of linguistics in higher education. I demonstrate how Romance Pedagogical Linguistics could look in practice with five examples. In order to illustrate how language pedagogy can benefit from linguistics and what the task of linguistics is in this regard, I discuss subjunctives as well as intonation in Spanish and French foreign language acquisition, and I refer to work on Spanish as a heritage language. Subsequently, I will exemplify two concrete implementations of RPL in higher education by using the method of research-led learning in advanced courses of linguistics dealing with intonation as well as by presenting the Hourglass-Portfolio-Method.
Quantification of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis bacilli in sputum during the first 8 weeks of treatment
Authors: Smith-Jeffcoat S. E. , Eisenach K. D. , Joloba M. , Ssengooba W. , Namaganda C. , Nsereko M. , Okware B. , Cavanaugh J. S. , Cegielski J. P.
Published: October 2022

SETTING: Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.OBJECTIVE: To quantify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum during the first 8 weeks of pulmonary multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) treatment.DESIGN: We enrolled consecutive adults with pulmonary MDR-TB treated
according to national guidelines. We collected overnight sputum samples before treatment and weekly. Sputum samples were cultured on Middlebrook 7H11S agar to measure colony-forming units per mL (cfu/mL) and in MGIT™ 960™ media to measure time to detection (TTD). Linear mixed-effects
regression was used to estimate the relational change in log10 cfu/mL and TTD.RESULTS: Twelve adults (median age: 27 years) were enrolled. Half were women, and two-thirds were HIV-positive. At baseline, median log10 cfu/mL was 5.1, decreasing by 0.29 log10
cfu/mL/week. The median TTD was 116.5 h, increasing in TTD by 36.97 h/week. The weekly change was greater in the first 2 weeks (–1.04 log10 cfu/mL/week and 120.02 h/week) than in the remaining 6 weeks (–0.17 log10 cfu/mL/week and 26.11 h/week).CONCLUSION:
Serial quantitative culture measures indicate a slow, uneven rate of decline in sputum M. tuberculosis over 8 weeks of standardized pulmonary MDR-TB treatment.
ECG monitoring in STREAM Stage 1: can we identify those at increased risk of QT prolongation?
Authors: Hughes G. , Bern H. , Chiang C-Y. , Goodall R. L. , Nunn A. J. , Rusen I. D. , Meredith; S. K.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: STREAM (Standardised Treatment Regimen of Anti-tuberculosis Drugs for Patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis) Stage 1 was a randomised trial of a Short (9-month) regimen for rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB). QT or QTcF prolongation ≥500 ms occurred in 31
(11%) of 282 Short regimen participants. The frequent ECG monitoring employed might be challenging for treatment programmes. This analysis aimed to determine whether those at higher risk of severe QT prolongation could be identified early for more targeted monitoring.METHODS: Data
from the first month of treatment were used to investigate whether participants were at risk of developing QT/QTcF ≥500 ms. QTcF increases from baseline at different time points were examined. Absolute QTcF measurements were categorised in 5 ms increments at each time-point. The most discriminating
time points and QTcF cut-offs were combined to optimise sensitivity and specificity.RESULTS: Absolute QTcF values were more discriminating than magnitude of increase from baseline. More participants who developed QT/QTcF ≥500 ms had a QTcF of respectively ≥425 ms and ≥430
ms at 4 h and Week 3 (P < 0.05) than those who did not. By combining QTcF values ≥425 ms at 4 h and ≥430 ms at Week 3, we identified high-risk participants with 97% sensitivity and 99% negative predictive value.CONCLUSION: Reduced ECG monitoring may be possible for
many Short regimen participants.
Cost of TB services: approach and summary findings of a multi-country study (Value TB)
Authors: Sweeney S. , Laurence Y. V. , Cunnama L. , Gomez G. B. , Garcia-Baena I. , Bhide P. , Capeding T. J. , Chatterjee S. , Chikovani I. , Eyob H. , Kairu A. , Terefe M. M. , Shengelia N. , Toshniwal M. , Saadi N. , Bergren E. , Vassall A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: There are currently large gaps in unit cost data for TB, and substantial variation in the quality and methods of unit cost estimates. Uncertainties remain about sample size, range and comprehensiveness of cost data collection for different purposes. We present the
methods and results of a project implemented in Kenya, Ethiopia, India, The Philippines and Georgia to estimate unit costs of TB services, focusing on findings most relevant to these remaining methodological challenges.METHODS: We estimated financial and economic unit costs, in
close collaboration with national TB programmes. Gold standard methods included both top-down and bottom-up approaches to resource use measurement. Costs are presented in 2018 USD and local currency unit.RESULTS: Cost drivers of outputs varied by service and across countries, as
did levels of capacity inefficiency. There was substantial variation in unit cost estimates for some interventions and high overhead costs were observed. Estimates were subject to sampling uncertainty, and some data gaps remain.CONCLUSION: This paper describes detailed methods for
the largest TB costing effort to date, to inform prioritisation and planning for TB services. This study provides a strong baseline and some cost estimates may be extrapolated from this data; however, regular further studies of similar quality are needed to add estimates for remaining gaps,
or to add new or changing services and interventions. Further research is needed on the best approach to extrapolation of cost data. Costing studies are best implemented as partnerships with policy makers to generate a community of mutual learning and capacity development.
Patterns and characteristics of TB among key risk groups in Canada, 1993–2018
Authors: Diefenbach-Elstob T. , Rivest P. , Benedetti A. , Gordon C. , Palayew M. , Menzies D. , Schwartzman K. , Greenaway C.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Canada has a low incidence of TB, although certain groups are disproportionately affected.OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the epidemiology, trends and characteristics of TB in Quebec, Canada, among all patients reported during 1993–2018.METHODS:
Demographics and risk factors were compared for the three groups accounting for most TB diagnoses reported in Quebec (foreign-born, Canadian-born non-Indigenous and Inuit). Average annual incidence and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated and compared using Poisson regression.RESULTS:
Of 6,941 persons with a first episode of TB, 4,077 (59%) were foreign-born, 2,314 (33%) were Canadian-born non-Indigenous and 389 (6%) were Inuit. The average annual incidence for foreign-born, Canadian-born non-Indigenous and Inuit was respectively 17.0, 1.4 and 137.1 per 100,000 population.
Compared to Canadian-born non-Indigenous, the IRR for foreign-born and Inuit was respectively 12.3 (95% CI 11.6–12.9) and 98.7 (95% CI 88.6–109.9). There was evidence of community transmission among the Inuit, with more than 80% of patients having a TB contact (2012–2018
data) and 65% (251/389) of diagnoses in those aged <25 years.CONCLUSION: Although TB rates among the Canadian-born non-Indigenous are extremely low, there are persistent and distinct TB epidemics among the foreign-born and Inuit. Tailored approaches to TB prevention and care
are needed to address TB among high-risk populations in low TB incidence settings.