bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İnsansız Hava Aracı ile Üretilen Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (Sym) ile Google Earth ve Hgm Küre Verilerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: EROĞLU Muhammet , NARİN Ömer Gökberk
Published: May 2020

Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) yeryüzünü tanımlamak için önemli bir bileşendir. Bu sebeple birçok mesleki disiplinde farklı amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır. SYM’ler farklı mesleki disiplinlerde kullanılmasından dolayı üretim yöntemi ve çözünürlüğü farklılık göstermektedir. SYM’nin kullanılacağı alana göre zaman ve maliyet hesabının iyi yapılması gerekmektedir. Çalışma alanı olarak, Adana İli Çukurova İlçesinde ortalama eğimi %12 olan Rüzgarlı tepesi seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, açık erişim olarak kullanıcılara sunulan Google Earth ve Harita Genel Müdürlüğü (HGM) Küre uygulamalarından üretilen SYM’lerin doğruluğu araştırılmıştır. Üretilen SYM’lerin doğruluğunun araştırılması için İnsansız Hava Aracından (İHA) üretilen SYM referans veri olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları üç farklı şekilde incelenmiştir. İlk olarak, SYM’lerden hesaplanan hacimler karşılaştırılmıştır. İHA’dan hesaplanan hacim 1,050,053.63 m3 Google Earth’den hesaplanan hacim 795,390.92 m3 ve HGM Küre’den hesaplanan hacim 959,445.60 m3 elde edilmiştir. İkinci olarak araziyi temsil edecek üç farklı doğrultu üzerinden eğimleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Eğimlerde HGM Küre’nin Google Earth’e göre daha doğru sonuçlar vermiştir. Üçüncü olarak eşlenik olarak seçilen 400 noktanın yükseklik değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmada doğruluk ölçütü olarak Karesel Ortalama Hata (KOH) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, referans olarak alınan İHA’dan üretilen SYM’ye en yakın değerleri HGM Küreden üretilen SYM benzerlik gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Observation of single ultrashort laser pulse generated periodic surface structures on linelike defects
Authors: Ackerl Norbert , Wegener Konrad
Published: May 2020

The formation of self-assembled laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) after ultrashort pulsed laser ablation is still a matter of controversy in the literature. There is agreement that at least two different physical driving forces lead to ripples with distinguishable spatial periodicity. High spatial frequency LIPSSs with periodicity well below the incident wavelength are discriminated from low spatial frequency LIPSSs (LSFLs) revealing longer periodic structures. In general, both types of LIPSS appear after multipulse irradiation with the linear polarization direction on all material classes from metals to dielectrics. However, single-pulse induced LSFLs at 540 ± 35 nm periodicity with subpicosecond pulse are observed at linelike surface defects, e.g., scratches and grain boundaries. Depending on the difference in orientation between the electric field vector and the scratch direction, LIPSSs evolve upon ablation with 515 nm and 1 ps pulses near the threshold. This corroborates the theory proposed by Sipe et al. [Phys. Rev. B 27, 1141–1154 (1983)], where the impinging electromagnetic wave interacts with a collectively excited surface electron wave of the respective material at a surface defect. The observations on oxygenfree pure copper, zirconia, and a stainless steel substrate are discussed. Moreover, LSFLs generated with circular polarization at defects after single pulse ablation of wide bandgap zirconia ceramic are presented. In application, this phenomena affects the attainable surface quality, where LSFLs appear at defects such as scratches, grain boundaries, and, generally, material inhomogeneity. The absorptivity and ablation characteristic change leading to an altered material-laser interaction at the surface. This could be the root cause of conelike protrusion structures observed on stainless steel.
Microstructures from wire-fed laser welding of high strength steel grades
Authors: Kaplan Alexander F. H. , Höfemann Matthias , Vaamonde Eva , Ramasamy Anandkumar , Kalfsbeek Bert , Näsström Jonas , Robertson Stephanie M. , Frostevarg Jan , Volpp Jörg
Published: May 2020

In welding, wire-feeding enables alteration of the resulting microstructure and, in turn, the mechanical behavior of the welded joint. For pipeline steel grades, very few commercial wires are matching at high strength and simultaneously ensure sufficient toughness. New wire chemistries need to be investigated. Promising consumable chemistries can be studied through metal cored wires. One promising concept is alloys that promote acicular ferrite instead of bainite. Interlocking instead of parallel laths can lead to higher toughness. In the gouge range of 15–19 mm, laser-arc hybrid welding has been studied for pipeline steel grades X80 and X100. For efficient mapping of various weld metal conditions, a simplifying “snapshot” method was developed. A pulse shaped laser beam melts wire pieces in a controlled manner, reproducing thermal cycles in welding. The weld metal tends to form bainite, but under certain conditions, complex microstructures with interlocking laths can be generated. Slow thermal cycles can lead to coalescence of the laths to coarser structures, while fast cycles favored finer structures and occasionally lath interlocking. The formation of acicular ferrite was difficult to achieve. Advanced wire chemistries lowered the hardness of the weld metal, as did preheating.
PENERAPAN URUN DAYA BERBASIS INTERNET UNTUK PEMENUHAN BAHAN BAKU PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) BATIK SIDOARJO DAN UKM MEKAR SARI SURABAYA
Authors: Nurcahyawati Vivine , Wulandari Sri Hariani Eko , Sutomo Erwin
Published: May 2020

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) yang dilakukan kali ini adalah untuk mendukung mitra dalam rangka memberikan solusi atas permasalahan yang dihadapinya. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mitra tersebut maka kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan mempersiapkan sebuah aplikasi yang menerapkan konsep Urun Daya Berbasis Internet (crowdsourcing) untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan sumber daya bahan baku pada UKM Batik Sidoarjo dan UKM Mekar Sari. Untuk selanjutnya mitra didampingi saat menerapkan aplikasi tersebut dalam sebuah kegiatan pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner, pelatihan ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mitra untuk mengelola sumber daya bahan bakunya serta dapat mengatasi permasalahan mitra dalam hal pemenuhan sumber daya bahan bakunya. Rangkaian kegiatan pelatihan dan implementasi hasil pelatihan ini berlangsung sekitar 6 bulan (Juli-Desember 2019). Kegiatan ini melibatkan dosen sebagai peneliti dengan kepakaran yang terkait dan juga mahasiswa sebagai asisten pelatihan. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari aktifitas ini adalah berupa modul-modul pelatihan, publikasi ilmiah laporan hasil kegiatan dan hak cipta atas produk yang telah dihasilkan.Kata kunci: Urun Daya; Bahan Baku; Penerapan Aplikasi.AbstractThe Community Partnership Program (PKM) is to support partners in order to provide solutions to the problems they face. To meet the needs of these partners, the activity carried out is to prepare an application that applies the concept of crowdsourcing to meet the needs of raw material resources in Batik Sidoarjo UKM and Mekar Sari UKM. Furthermore, partners are accompanied when implementing the application in a training activity. Based on the results of the questionnaire, this training can improve partners 'ability to manage their raw material resources and can overcome partners' problems in terms of meeting their raw material resources. The series of training activities and implementation of the training results took place around 6 months (July-December 2019). This activity involves lecturers as researchers with related expertise and also students as training assistants. Outputs generated from these activities are training modules, scientific publications on activity reports and copyright on products that have been produced.Keywords: Crowdsourcing; Raw Material; Application Implementing.
THINKING ALOUD PROTOCOL FOR SMART TRANSLATION
Authors: Omolu Fikriani Aminun , Mappewali Andi
Published: May 2020

A language is an important tool in communication. To produce a smooth relationship between countries that have different languages, the English language functions as Lingua Franca. To understand the information in English, a good understanding is needed. Being able to translate English texts is one of the basic forms of understanding itself. Unfortunately, numerous English language learners; from junior high schools to university levels, are still experiencing problems in this translation. This study aims to uncover the strategies of students in translating English texts into Indonesian by using the Thinking Aloud Protocol method. The subjects of this study were students in semester V (five) who had gone through Structure I to Structure IV subjects. This research was conducted in the scope of the University of Muhammadiyah Palu. From this research, the most widely used translation strategy is done by students as well as the prototype of the translation process to produce good translations
EDUCATION SYSTEM AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE PHILIPPINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR INDONESIAN EFL LEARNING
Authors: Turmudi Dedi , Hajan Bonjovi Hassan
Published: May 2020

The Philippines is held as one of the largest English-speaking countries worldwide with most of its people possessing at least some degree of fluency in the target language. The prestige of the English language in this country has attracted the attention of many foreign students including Indonesian. In this paper, we aimed to discuss the education system and the English language teaching (ELT) in the Philippines so that practical insights can be gained to reflect on Indonesian EFL learning. To this end, we first described how the Philippine education system looks like and how the English language is taught in schools from elementary to tertiary level. We then explored some prevailing challenges surrounding the ELT, and established links relating the benefits of learning English in this country to Indonesian EFL context. Drawing on qualitative approach, we realized our research objectives by carefully selecting sources and data through critical review of articles from journals, books, websites, and other reliable sources retrieved online. Ultimately, we conducted this inquiry to find out answers so that some lessons learned can be adopted to make ELT in Indonesia better and more resilient since Indonesia remains left behind in the spectrum of English literacy.
Target Coordinates Estimation by Passive Radar with a Single non-Cooperative Transmitter and a Single Receiver
Authors: Kazem Ali , Malki Adnan , Almanofi Anas Mahmoud
Published: May 2020

Passive radar is a bistatic radar that detects and tracks targets by processing reflections from non-cooperative transmitters. Due to the bistatic geometry for this radar, a target can be localized in Cartesian coordinates by using one of the following bistatic geometries: multiple non-cooperative transmitters and a single receiver, or a single non-cooperative transmitter and multiple receivers, whereas the diversity of receivers or non-cooperative transmitters leads to extra signal processing and a ghost target phenomenon. To mitigate these two disadvantages, we present a new method to estimate Cartesian coordinates of a target by a passive radar system with a single non-cooperative transmitter and a single receiver. This method depends on the ability of the radar receiver to analyze a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and estimate two arrival angles for the target’s echo signal. The proposed passive radar system is simulated with a Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) transmitter, and the simulation results show the efficiency of this system compared with results of other researches.
An efficient protocol for Cistus crispus L. (Cistaceae) micropropagation
Authors: Saia Sergio , Giovino Antonio
Published: May 2020

Cistus crispus (Cistaceae) is a species adapted to arid and semi-arid conditions, and it has ornamental and medicinal uses. In Italy, native populations of C. crispus are threatened by the collection due to the low number of individuals in the populations, anthropogenic pressure, and the changing environmental condition that enhance other more aggressive and hybridisable Cistus species. Here, we set up the variables for its micropropagation protocols to achieve a high number of plants per unit time. Various steps of the micropropagation protocol were modulated, including various sodium hypochlorite concentrations (CHCs) and time of sterilisation. The efficiency of the protocol maximised at 25 min sterilisation with 2.5% CHC and decreasing explant vitality at increasing time and CHC. Both shoot proliferation and root emissions were maximised at 1.78 μM N-6-benzyladenine (BA) in the growing medium, with up to 5.4 explants per cycle, with 5.8 roots per explant, and 84 healthy explants. Kinetin stimulated further the axillary root proliferation more than dimethylallylamino purine or BA. Lastly, the application of indole acetic acid increased root emissions during the acclimation stage more than the application of indole butyric acid, and this occurred irrespective of their concentrations, up to 2.0 μg · g−1. These results can foster the use of C. crispus as an ornamental species, for xeriscaping or for the extraction of its secondary compounds, which have various industrial uses. These results can also have an indirect implication for the conservation of the species by reducing the collection for ornamental purposes from its natural population.
Identification of the profile of endogenous cytokinin-like compounds during different plant growth stages and their effects on flower bud abscission in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)
Authors: Gundesli Muhammet Ali , Kafkas Salih , Guney Murat , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru
Published: May 2020

Alternate bearing is a significant economic problem that affects fruit producers, consumers and the economy of a country. Concentrations of cytokinin (CK)-like compounds in different tissues of pistachio trees (Pistacia vera ‘Uzun’) were measured to elucidate the relationship between endogenous CKs and flower bud abscission (alternate bearing). Identification and quantification of CK-like compounds of the Z, DHZ and iP types from different physiological stages and tissues were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLCESI-MS/MS) techniques. Five to seven different CK-like compounds were detected, respectively. Isopentenyl adenine riboside (iPR) and trans-zeatin-O-glucoside (t-ZOG) were the main isoprenoid CKs, as the dominant conjugates in all the analysed organs of pistachio trees. The leaves and shoots of ‘On’-year trees had significantly higher CK contents than those of ‘Off’-year trees on all the sampling dates. Interestingly, the relatively high CK activity was recorded before flower bud abscission in the fractions corresponding to iPR and t-ZOG, while this activity dropped considerably during the flower bud abscission period (55 DAFB). Consequently, the strong negative correlation between CK concentration and bud abscission could be the first indication of the role of CK-like compounds in this unique phenomenon in the ‘Uzun’ pistachio cultivar. It was concluded that CKs could have an important role in the alternate bearing in pistachio.
Morphological and biochemical diversity among wild-grown carob trees (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
Authors: Korkmaz Nazan , Akin Meleksen , Koc Aysen , Eyduran Sadiye Peral , Ilhan Gulce , Sagbas Halil Ibrahim , Ercisli Sezai
Published: May 2020

Tree, leaf, pod and seed morphology, as well as pod biochemistry of 36 wild-grown carob genotypes sampled from rural areas in Marmaris district located at western Turkey, were investigated. Leaf and pod dimensions, pod and seed weight, seed ratio, pod and seed colour and shape and surface traits were investigated. Soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity, vitamin C and protein and dietary fibre contents were also detected. Results showed significant differences for all quantitative traits, although differences are more pronounced for some pod (weight, width, length and thickness) and seed characteristics (weight, dimensions and ratio). Pod and seed colour, shape and surface qualitative threats were found to be quite variable among genotypes. The majority of genotypes had an open tree growth habit. Leaf length and width were found to be between 8.04 cm (M19) and 11.60 cm (M12) and 8.40 cm (M2) and 12.04 cm (M12) among genotypes. Pod weight ranged from 8.3 g (M35) to 29.5 g (M3) in the wild genotypes. The average pod dimensions (width, length and thickness) were between 14.27 and 23.38 mm, 12.54 and 21.67 cm and 4.80 and 8.37 mm, respectively. The SSC ranged from 49.36 to 69.36% in the pods of wild carob genotypes. The results of this study indicate a good genetic resource potential of Turkish wild carob populations for future breeding programmes.
Antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most widely appreciated cultivated berry species: A comparative study
Authors: Okatan Volkan
Published: May 2020

Berries are in the form of a semi-bush or shrub, soft fleshy, juicy, often small and edible. They are generally in bright colours and may sweet or sour in taste. The present study reports a comparison of the antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most consumed berry species, namely redcurrant (Ribes rubrum L.), blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.), gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa L.) and jostaberry (Ribes nidigrolaria Rud. Bauer & A. Bauer). Results of the present study suggested that the highest antioxidant activity (426.26 mg ∙ 100 g−1) and anthocyanin contents (226.33 mg ∙ 100 g−1) are found in Heritage variety of the raspberry species. The highest total phenol content was determined as 1,593.92 mg of Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE) in jostaberry fruits. The highest ascorbic acid content was obtained from the Goliath variety of blackcurrant as 2,659.26 mg ∙ 100 g−1. The highest ellagic acid value was found as 48.30 mg ∙ 100 g−1 in gooseberry, the highest fumaric and citric acid concentrations were noted from jostaberry fruits as 121.88 mg ∙ 100 g−1 and 14.84 mg ∙ 100 g−1, respectively, while the highest malic acid content was determined as 14.70 mg ∙ 100 g−1 in gooseberry fruits. Our results suggest that berries rich in antioxidant properties and phenolic profile may be an important raw plant material for both the pharmaceutical and food industries.
How to Manage Crowdsourcing Platforms Effectively
Authors: Blohm Ivo , Zogaj Shkodran , Bretschneider Ulrich , Leimeister Jan Marco
Published: May 2020

Crowdsourced tasks are very diverse – and so are platform types. They fall into four categories, each demanding different governance mechanisms. The main goal of microtasking crowdsourcing platforms is the scalable and time-efficient batch processing of highly repetitive tasks. Crowdsourcing platforms for information pooling aggregate contributions such as votes, opinions, assessments and forecasts through approaches such as averaging, summation, or visualization. Broadcast search platforms collect contributions to solve tasks in order to gain alternative insights and solutions from people outside the organization, and are particularly suited for solving challenging technical, analytical, scientific, or creative problems. Open collaboration platforms invite contributors to team up to jointly solve complex problems in cases where solutions require the integration of distributed knowledge and the skills of many contributors. Companies establishing crowdsourcing platforms of any type should continuously monitor and adjust their governance mechanisms. Quality and quantity of contributions, project runtime, or the effort for conducting the crowdsourcing project may be good starting points.
Motivating Crowds to Do Good: How to Build Crowdsourcing Platforms for Social Innovation
Authors: Kohler Thomas , Chesbrough Henry
Published: May 2020

Social innovations, just as any other form of innovation, can benefit from crowd engagement. However, the enthusiasm for crowdsourcing social innovation has so far run ahead of its effects. Many platforms are stillborn and struggle with turning their promising projects into sustaining platforms. As opposed to commercial crowd innovations projects, additional obstacles need to be handled here. Social innovation tends to be more complex and typically involves an entire ecosystem with complementary partners. In addition, funding is usually more difficult as the impact of doing good on a communal level is hard to assess and therefore difficult to explain to investors or sponsors. To make social innovation successful, the innovation platform design needs to tackle these additional challenges. The governance and coordination of social innovation projects need to be designed thoughtfully. Organizations need to be prepared for several loops and some experimentation to balance value generation with the right structure and the right mix of participants, consumers and other platform partners.
Crowdsourcing at NASA: About the Work Behind Having Others Do the Work
Authors: Stewart Ryon
Published: May 2020

Interview with Ryon Stewart, Challenge Coordinator at NASA’s Center of Excellence for Collaborative Innovation (CoECI)

NASA’s record of innovations is truly awesome. Every child knows about the first man on the moon and the space shuttle program, or marvels at images of outer space transmitted from NASA missions. It is less well-known that even the world-class engineers of NASA tap into the wisdom of crowds to solve their problems and devise groundbreaking solutions. In our interview, Ryon Stewart explains that innovation is less about a genius having a light-bulb idea while sitting at a desk and more about finding solutions that already exist – somehow, somewhere. Learn how NASA uses the power of crowds, why NASA’s workforce still won´t run out of work, and how even the bison at Yellowstone National Park contributed to problem-solving.
Allelopathic effect of Ulva intestinalis L. on the Baltic filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.
Authors: Budzałek Gracjana , Śliwińska-Wilczewska Sylwia , Latała Adam
Published: May 2020

Allelopathy is a prevalent natural phenomenon in aquatic ecosystem. We reported the effects of the green macroalga Ulva intestinalis L. collected from estuaries of the Baltic Sea (Poland) on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence of common filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. It was found that the addition of 50 µL mL–1 extracts obtained from U. intestinalis inhibited growth of cyanobacterium and after one week of exposition the reduction was 35% of initial amount of Nostoc sp. In addition, we demonstrated that on the seventh day of the exposition, the values of Fv/Fm of target cyanobacterium after addition of 100 µL mL–1 extracts obtained from U. intestinalis was reduced to 49%, compared to control treatment. These results showed for the first time the allelopathic activity of U. intestinalis on Baltic filamentous cyanobacteria Nostoc sp.
Different MACS sorting strategies for the enrichment of Lin– (CD34+ CD45–) hematopoietic progenitor cells: preliminary study
Authors: Vašíček Jaromír , Baláži Andrej , Parkányi Vladimír , Bauer Miroslav
Published: May 2020

Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) has become a standard method for the isolation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSC/HPC) in human or mouse model using CD34 antibodies. However, at the present there is no useable CD34 antibody that could be successfully used for the selection of rabbit HSC/HPC. Therefore, the aim of this preliminary study was to remove all mature cells (CD45+) from the heterogeneous mixture of rabbit peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells (PBMCs and BMMCs) in order to enrich these cell populations for the CD34+ cells. Briefly, cells were incubated with a CD45 antibody and proper magnetic microbeads. Three different MACS sorting strategies were used in the experiment that differed mainly in the sample loading rate and the number of used magnetic columns. Control (unsorted) and sorted cells were assessed for the sorting efficiency (% of double positive cells for CD45 and Labelling Check Reagent – LCR) by flow cytometry and for the relative expression of CD34 antigen by qPCR. According to flow cytometry, Depl025 mode showed the best sorting efficiency in terms of the lowest percentages of CD45+LCR+ cells for rabbit PBMCs as well as BMMCs. qPCR analysis confirmed this mode as the best in terms of the relative CD34 expression for rabbit PBMCs. However, higher relative expression of CD34 in BMMCs was obtained by other mode – Posselds. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a possible enrichment of rabbit (CD34+) HSC/HPC by the magnetic depletion of mature hematopoietic (CD45+) cells.
Antibiofilm activity of mushroom extracts against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Čuvalová Anna , Strapáč Imrich , Handrová Livia , Kmeť Vladimir
Published: May 2020

Mushrooms are a renowned source of products with an array of bioactivities, from antibacterial to antiviral, cytotoxic, antifeeding, antifungal or antioxidant and might be a valuable resource in the search of new bioactive extracts to inhibit biofilm production. We demonstrate the effect of five mushroom water extracts Macrolepiota procera, Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula-judae, Armillaria mellea and Laetiporus sulphurous on biofilm formation of four Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from ixodid ticks (Acari) and ewe´s milk. The PCR was used for detection of virulence genes (hla, isdA, B, bbp, sirB, fnbpA, sdrE, agr II). The ability of biofilm formation and anti-biofilm activity of mushrooms extracts was assessed in a quantitative crystal violet assay. The biofilm formation of S. aureus strains was significantly reduced by all mushrooms extracts (p < 0.001). We showed that more significant anti-biofilm effect of the extracts was of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ixodid ticks in comparison to Staphylococcus aureus isolated from ewe´s milk. In the present study, A. mellea, P. ostreatus, L. sulphurous, A. auricula-judae and M. procera extracts inhibited biofilm formation by 70.87%, 67.00%, 64.14%, 62.77% and 47.71%, respectively. The results suggest that compounds in mushrooms extracts might be useful to control and handle detrimental infections caused by animal and human pathogens.
The effect of mixed herb extract on selected stress parameters in broiler chickens of three genetic lines
Authors: Skomorucha Iwona , Sosnówka-Czajka Ewa
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of adding a mixture of anti-stress herbs to drinking water on stress hormone levels and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio in the blood of intensively reared broiler chickens of three genetic lines. The experiment was performed with ‘Ross 308’, ‘Cobb 500’ and ‘Hubbard Flex’ broiler chickens, which were divided into three experimental groups. Birds were maintained on litter for 42 days at a stocking density less than 33 kg/m2. All the groups were provided with the same environmental and feeding conditions. In each group from 21 to 35 days of rearing, water drinkers were supplemented for 5 h/day (08:00–13:00 hours) with an alcoholic extract from mixed herbs (30% chamomile, 10% oregano, 10% yarrow, 10% knotgrass, 10% valerian, 20% inflorescence of large-leaved lime) at 2 ml/l water. At 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of rearing, blood was collected from 10 birds per group to determine corticosterone, noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. The heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H:L) was also calculated. On day 42 of the study, 500 broiler chickens were characterised by the lowest noradrenaline concentration and a lower H:L ratio compared to ‘Ross 308’ and ‘Hubbard Flex’ (p ≤ 0.05) and ‘Ross 308’ chickens (p ≤ 0.01), respectively. It was concluded from the study that the herb extract had the most favourable effect on relieving the body’s physiological response to stress, and thus on improving welfare in ‘Cobb 500’ compared to ‘Ross 308’ and ‘Hubbard Flex’ broilers. It can therefore be considered that active substances in herbs have varying effects on the body of broiler chickens of different origin.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE ESTILO DE VIDA E ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL DE ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Silva Ranielle Francisco da , Lima Alisson Padilha de , Molleta Andréia Fernanda , Carvalho Patricia Luciene de
Published: May 2020

Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre o estilo de vida e o índice de massa corporal dos adolescentes. Consiste numa pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva de correlação, realizado com 160 adolescentes, com idade de 14 a 17 anos de uma escola pública da rede estadual de ensino, situada no município de Araquari, no estado de Santa Catarina. Para avaliar o estilo de vida foi utilizado o Perfil do estilo de vida (PEV), e para o índice de massa corporal foi realizado a avaliação antropométrica da estatura e da massa corporal, e posteriormente realizado a divisão da massa corporal pela estatura ao quadrado. Para verificar a relação entre o estilo de vida e o índice de massa corporal aplicou-se a regressão linear simples, assim obteve a correlação de Pearson, o coeficiente de determinação simples e ajustado, e o erro padrão da estimativa. O intervalo de confiança foi de 95,00% e o nível de significância de p?0.050. A amostra apresentou como características: idade média de 14.32±0.58 anos, estatura de 1.64±0.07 metros, massa corporal de 57.13±12.10 quilogramas e índice de massa corporal 21.17±3.91. Apresentou correlação apenas as variáveis: prática de atividade física (r: 0.642; p<0.001) e comportamento preventivo (r:0.676; p<0.001). Pode-se afirmar neste estudo que o estilo de vida está relacionado positivamente com o IMC dos adolescentes através de dois componentes que são: a prática de atividade física e o comportamento preventivo.
EFEITO IMEDIATO, AGUDO E CRÔNICO DA KINESIO TAPING® ASSOCIADA À TERAPIA NEUROMOTORA INTENSIVA NA POSTURA SENTADA DE CRIANÇAS COM PARALISIA CEREBRAL
Authors: Silva Flávia da , Yamaguchi Bruna , Almeida Karielly Cássia de , Costin Ana Claudia Martins Szczypior , Maltauro Luciana , Neves Eduardo Borba , Mélo Tainá Ribas
Published: May 2020

A fisioterapia utiliza vários recursos e métodos para intervenções no tratamento da Encefalopatia Crônica Não Progressiva da Infância (ECNPI) entre eles a Kinesio Taping® (KT) e a Terapia Neuromotora Intensiva (TNMI). Estes métodos podem ser considerados relativamente novos, o que leva a necessidade do desenvolvimento de pesquisas para verificar seus efeitos em crianças com ECNPI. O presente estudo analisou os efeitos da KT® e da TNMI na postura sentada de crianças com ECNPI do tipo quadriparesia/quadriplegia espástica. Para isso, foram avaliadas 6 crianças, média de idade de 6,25, sendo que a menor idade é de 4 anos, a maior idade de 8 anos; desvio padrão 2,69. As avaliações aconteceram através do Software SAPO, onde os dados são obtidos em centímetros e a análise consiste na avaliação da vertical (eixo Y), comparando o lado esquerdo e direito, sendo assim possível à análise de maneira precisa das assimetrias. Os resultados mostraram alterações de todos os pontos anatômicos, tanto para simetria quanto para assimetria, devido ao estímulo proprioceptivo proporcionado pela KT®. No efeito agudo tivemos o efeito da KT® associado a um dia TNMI com resultados inconclusivos por variabilidade nas respostas, possivelmente pelos ajustes posturais. Já no efeito crônico, observaram-se maiores ganhos de simetria, o que nos indica que a KT® associada a um mês de TNMI traz resultados positivos para a postura sentada da criança com ECNPI. Podemos concluir que a KT®,como coadjuvante durante a TNMI, traz resultados positivos indicando maior simetria em alguns pontos.
ALTA PREVALÊNCIA DE Balantidium coli EM CRIANÇAS DE UMA ESCOLA MUNICIPAL DE MOREIRA SALES – PR
Authors: Barbosa Isabella de Alencar , Pavanelli Mariana Felgueira
Published: May 2020

As doenças causadas por parasitos intestinais estão entre os mais frequentes agravos do mundo, pois é um problema de saúde pública que atinge a maioria da população. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência de parasitoses em crianças de 4 a 6 anos do município de Moreira Sales, PR. A pesquisa foi composta por inquérito parasitológico e epidemiológico em crianças matriculadas em uma escola municipal em julho de 2017. O critério para inclusão no estudo foi: coletar a amostra de fezes, responder o questionário sócio-epidemiológico e ter o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) assinado pelo responsável. Participaram do estudo 42 crianças com idades entre 4 e 6 anos, das quais 66,7% eram meninas. Dos participantes, dez crianças (23,8%) apresentaram infecção por Balantidium coli, sendo que destas, duas apresentaram infecção mista por Entamoeba coli. Foi observado que a maioria dos infectados tinham animais de estimação (60%), roíam unhas (60%), consumiam hortaliças (80%) e todas as crianças brincavam na terra, sendo estes alguns fatores de risco para a infecção. Diante dos resultados apresentados, é possível perceber que existem vários fatores que podem estar associados a essa parasitose, sendo os principais: saneamento básico e os hábitos de higiene. Portanto, são de grande importância a conscientização e ação profilática da população, com o intuito de minimizar as parasitoses intestinais e garantir uma melhor qualidade de vida.
Techno-economic evolution of an existing operational NGL plant with adding LNG production part
Authors: Sabbagh Omid , Fanaei Mohammad Ali , Arjomand Alireza
Published: May 2020

Natural gas is the fastest-growing fossil fuel and LNG is playing a growing role in the world’s gas supply. The liquefaction process is also by far the most energy-consuming part of the LNG chain. It is thus a priority today for the gas industry to decrease the cost and improve the efficiency of the liquefaction process of a plant. In this way, a novel techno-economic evolution of an existing NGL plant with adding an appropriate LNG production part is presented. Concerning the availability of propane, use of existing equipments and conditions of no structural changes in the existing installation, C3MR is used as the refrigeration system. For full recognition of the process, a high-accuracy surrogate model based on D-optimal approach is developed. MR composition (nitrogen, methane, ethane, and propane), inlet gas pressure of the LNG production part, demethanizer pressure, and high and low pressure of MR as the eight manipulated variables of the surrogate model predict the earned profit of the integrated plant. To increase profit, a hybrid GA-SQP optimization method is used. The results show that the earned profit of the optimized proposed plant with the LNG production capacity of 3.33 MTPA is 60.2% more than the existing NGL plant. In addition to increased earned profit, the thermodynamic efficiency is improved in the liquefaction section, too. Furthermore, the SPC value of 0.347 kWh kg−1 LNG shows that the optimized plant has acceptable liquefaction efficiency. According to the optimization results, mixture variables are more effective than process variables on the earned profit. It is noticeable that increasing the ethane recovery not always increases profit in such integrated units.
Quantitative Ratiometric pH Imaging Using a 1,2-Dioxetane Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Sensor
Authors: Ryan Lucas S. , Gerberich Jeni , Haris Uroob , mason ralph , Lippert Alexander
Published: May 2020

Regulation of physiological pH is integral for proper whole-body and cellular function, and disruptions in pH homeostasis can be both a cause and effect of disease. In light of this, many methods have been developed to monitor pH in cells and animals. In this study, we report a chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) probe Ratio-pHCL-1, comprised of an acrylamide 1,2-dioxetane chemiluminescent scaffold with an appended pH-sensitive carbofluorescein fluorophore. The probe provides an accurate measurement of pH between 6.8-8.4, making it viable tool for measuring pH in biological systems. Further, its ratiometric output is independent of confounding variables. Quantification of pH can be accomplished both using common fluorimetry and advanced optical imaging methods. Using an IVIS Spectrum, pH can be quantified through tissue with Ratio-pHCL-1, which has been shown in vitro and precisely calibrated in sacrificed mouse models. Initial studies showed that intraperitoneal injections of Ratio-pHCL-1 into sacrificed mice produce a photon flux of more than 10^10 photons per second, and showed a significant difference in ratio of emission intensities between pH 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0.
A Thermodynamic assessment of the reported room-temperature chemical synthesis of C2
Authors: Rzepa Henry S.
Published: May 2020

Chemical formation of C2 from an alkynyl iodonium salt precursor is calculated to be strongly endo-energetic, in contrast to the reported chemical synthesis which is facile at room temperatures. If C2 is to be formed at such temperatures, a mechanism to counter the unfavourable thermodynamic energies is yet to be identified.
Towards Wireless Characterization of Solvated Ions with Uncoated Resonant Sensors
Authors: charkhabi sadaf , Carr Adam R. , Wu Jiahao , Roy Subhanwit , Beierle Andee M. , Thomas Dustin K. , Long Leigh Ann M. , Soupir Michelle , Neihart Nathan M. , Reuel Nigel F.
Published: May 2020

Uncoated resonant sensors are presented here for wireless monitoring of solvated ions, with progress made toward monitoring nitrates in agricultural runoff. The sensor, an open-circuit Archimedean coil, is wirelessly interrogated by a portable vector network analyzer (VNA) that monitors the scattering parameter response to varying ionic concentrations. The sensor response is defined in terms of the resonant frequency and the peak-to-peak amplitude of the transmission scattering parameter profile (|S21|). Potassium chloride (KCl) solutions with concentrations in the range of 100 nM – 4.58 M were tested on nine resonators having different length and pitch sizes to study the effect of sensor geometry on its response to ion concentration. The resonant sensors demonstrated an ion-specific response, caused by the variations in the relative permittivity of the solution, which was also a function of the resonator geometry. A lumped circuit model, which fit the experimental data well, confirms signal transduction via change in solution permittivity. Also, a ternary ionic mixture (composed of potassium nitrate (KNO3), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and ammonium phosphate (NH4H2PO4)) response surface was constructed by testing 21 mixture variations on three different sensor geometries and the phase and magnitude of scattering parameters were monitored. It was determined that the orthogonal responses presented by resonant sensor arrays can be used for quantifying levels of target ions in ternary mixtures. Applications of these arrays include measuring the concentration of key ions in bioreactors, human sweat, and agricultural waters. Preliminary results are shown for calibration standards and real waterway samples in Iowa, USA.
Tanggung Jawab Pengemudi Becak Sebagai Angkutan Lingkungan terhadap Penumpang Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas
Authors: Ratnawati Elfrida
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan tentang tanggung jawab pengemudi becak sebagai  angkutan lingkungan atas kecelakaan akibat kelalaiannya dalam mengemudikan becak terhadap penumpang, karena seringkali terjadi kecelakaan ketika menggunakan alat angkut ini yang diakibatkan oleh kelalaian Pengemudi dan tidak ada pelaksanaan tanggung jawabnya. Apakah Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan mengatur tentang keberadaan kendaraan becak? dan bagaimana tanggung jawab pengemudi becak terhadap korban akibat kecelakaan?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan data sekunder yaitu buku dan jurnal serta peraturan dan didukung oleh data primer, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah  tidak ada pengaturan tentang pengoperasian angkutan tradisional becak dan masing-masing daerah mempunyai aturan di daerahnya masing-masing untuk mengatur tentang pengoperasian becak sebagai angkutan lingkungan.  Pengemudi becak bertanggung jawab atas kelalaiannya yang menyebabkan penumpangnya menderita kerugian materiil maupun immaterial bagi penumpang.
Bentuk Pemerintahan Perspektif Omnibus Law
Authors: Michael Tomy
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bentuk pemerintahan demokrasi secara tepat ketika omnibus law diterapkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitis hukum. Temuan penelitian adalah bentuk pemerintahan perspektif omnibus law merupakan demokrasi gabungan Plato dan Polybius karena tujuan akhir adalah kesejahteraan masyarakat yang dikombinasikan dengan kekausaan negara secara secara utuh. Kekuasaan negara secara utuh bukan semena-mena melainkan tetap dibatasi kehdenak dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Adanya bentuk gabungan bentuk pemerintahan demokrasi akan meniadakan makna demokrasi ekonomi seperti dalam Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Demokrasi ekonomi tersebut bukanlah bentuk pemerintahan melainkan sebutan untuk mendefinisikan makna negara dari Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Dampak dari temuan ini akan membatasi omnibus law yang pada awalnya bagian dari kekuasaan negara secara mutlak. Adanya penggabungan bentuk demokrasi gabungan Plato dan Polybius merupakan penegasan akan demokrasi yang dianut oleh Indonesia. Penggabungan harus segera dijadikan dasar dalam segala hal karena adanya omnibus law juga bertentangan dengan demokrasi menurut Plato yang awalnya mensejahterahkan rakyat dengan menerima masukan dari segala masyarakat untuk langgengnya negara. Tetapi negara juga tidak dapat mengetahui kapan omnibus law harus dilakukan negara, karena sifatnya yang tiba-tiba maka pelegalan bentuk pemerintahan Plato dan Polybius segera dilakukan. Penerapan omnibus law tetap harus melalui pengawasan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat agar tercipta check and balances serta partisipasi masyarakat sesuai Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan.
Significações de Coordenadores Pedagógicos Acerca da Formação Contínua de Professores: Análise a Partir da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica
Authors: Sousa Moura Teixeira Cristiane de
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, discutimos as significações produzidas por coordenadores pedagógicos acerca da formação contínua de professores, considerando que no atual momento histórico essa é a atividade principal a ser desenvolvida por estes profissionais na escola. Para isto, fundamentamo-nos na Psicologia Sócio-Histórica, sobretudo, nas ideias de Vigotski (2007, 2009, 2010) sobre significado e sentido, considerando ainda as categorias mediação e historicidade. Os dados aqui analisados foram produzidos em sessão reflexiva realizada com três coordenadoras pedagógicas que trabalham em diferentes escolas públicas. Os dados produzidos foram analisados por meio do procedimento denominado Núcleos de significação (AGUIAR; OZELLA, 2013), o qual possibilita apreender o sujeito por meio das significações que são produzidas por ele. A análise dos dados evidenciou que as significações em processo de desenvolvimento acerca da formação contínua são mediadas por perspectivas de formação centradas sobretudo nas dimensões técnicas e práticas, as quais não concebem coordenadores pedagógicos e professores como seres multideterminados. Revelam ainda a necessidade de investir em processos formativos que evidenciem as contradições sociais, econômicas e políticas que determinam as relações sociais.
A Tale of the Ticker; Stock Market Capacity Building Hegemony and Temporal Performance in the Emerging Economies
Authors: Areeba Khan  , Imran Sharif Chaudhry  , Sohail Saeed  , Muhammad Kamran Shahid
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to examine stock market with a capacity building perspective for economic growth, focusing on the factors that enhance stock market capitalization in the long term. This study evaluates cross country series data of 26 emerging countries listed at MSCI index, through a period of 2006 to 2019. The data were collected through World Bank, Pakistan Stock Exchange and SECP database. Vector Error correction model and Multiple Regression analysis were applied on data to analyze the impact of assorted factors on stock market capitalization to GDP as a measure of long term capacity.

The findings suggest that political stability and corporate tax rate are two important factors that may have significant impact on stock market capitalization to GDP. This research is different from all past researches with respect to methodological, aeon and acclimatization perspective. Capacity building is a relatively new phenomenon adopted from complex adaptive ecosystems and most studies in this area are of theoretical nature. Moreover, the fact that this research has considered not only the long term but also short-term market capitalization perspective, adds to its overall value and originality.
Impact of Accreditation, Services Quality, Green Standards and Product Superiority on Customer Loyalty: A Case of Healthcare Quality in Hospitals of Pakistan
Authors: Hydari Manzar Abbas , Muhammad Ali  , M Khyzer Bin Dost
Published: May 2020

This study comprehends the association of quality services, product superiority, accreditations and green environment of hospitals; with corporate brand image, patient trust and loyalty.  Respondents of the research study were from seven different healthcare organizations including private, charitable and naval sectors in four major cities (Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar and Karachi) of Pakistan.  Questionnaires were disseminated to 580 participants, and 447 responses were received.  The data analysis was processed in SPSS 20 and SmartPLS 3.0.  Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to examine the inference for significant and insignificant associations between constructs.

The outcomes specify that hospital accreditation positively and significantly impacts the customer loyalty through mediating effects of corporate brand image and customer trust.  Similarly quality of services positively and significantly impacts the customer loyalty through mediating effects of corporate brand image. However rest of the relationships in this study were not found significant through mediating effects of customer trust and brand image.

The hospitals management in Pakistan is recommended to instrument the accreditation of healthcare standards in its true spirit and should introduce innovations in healthcare technologies in institutions for unveiling more high-quality and superior health products and services to build strong corporate image and patient trust on rock-hard foundations to establish the satisfied and loyal patients.
Political Stability and its Impact on Economic Growth of Pakistan (1988-2018): A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Majid Hussain Phul  , Muhammad Saleem Rahpoto  , Ghulam Muhammad Mangnejo
Published: May 2020

This research paper empirically investigates the outcome of Political stability on economic growth (EG) of Pakistan for the period of 1988 to 2018. Political stability (PS), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), total labor force (TLF) and Inflation (INF) are important explanatory variables. Whereas for model selection GDPr is used as the dependent variable. To check the stationary of time series data Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root (UR) test has been used,  and whereas to find out the long run relationship among variables, OLS method has been used. The analysis the impact of PS on EG (EG) in the short run, VAR model has been used. The outcomes show that all the variables (PS, GFCF, TLF and INF) have a significantly positive effect on the EG of Pakistan in the long run period. But the effect of PS on GDP is smaller. Further, in this research we are trying to see the short run relationship between GDP and other explanatory variables. The outcomes show that PS does not have such effect on GDP in the short run analysis. While GFCF, TLF and INF have significantly positive effect on GDP of Pakistan in the short run period.