bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Properties, Synthesis, and Medical Applications of Nanoscale Metal Organic Frameworks
Authors: Gu Yuling
Published: June 2021

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are self-assembled nanomaterials formed from coordination bonds between metal cations and organic ligands. MOF-74 are a unique group of MOFs with large surface area and high loading capacity. Nanoscale MOF-74 have a great potential for drug loading and MRI scanning. This review summarizes the synthetic methods, properties, and medical applications of MOF-74.
Research on The ECM of Inner Copper Alloy of Bimetal Composite Part Based on Flow Field Simulation
Authors: Chen Yuanlong , Xu Peng , Cheng Zhuangzhuang , Lin Hua
Published: June 2021

The high efficiency electrochemical machining (ECM) of inner copper alloy in bimetal composite part composed of copper and tungsten was taken as the research object. The cathodes with positive flow, reverse flow and side flow electrolyte flow were designed. The flow field simulation geometric model was established, and the flow field simulation and flow field uniformity analysis were carried out by COMSOL Multiphysics, the general structure of tool cathode was designed based on side flow type. The results show that the uniformity of the flow field in the side flow machining area is better, and the stability of the machining process can be improved by using the structure design of the front and rear positioning plates.
Production line optimization based on Man-Machine collaborative improvement
Authors: Fan Wei , Yang Lei , Chen Xin , Jing Lizhen
Published: June 2021

In many cases industrial companies’ efficiency is limited by bad man-machine collaboration. In the time of intelligent manufacturing, more data can be collected and help companies to improve their efficiency. Therefore, a production line optimization method based on Man-Machine collaboration with the help of big data tools and sensors is introduced. At first, the production line will be analyzed and main data as machine cycle time, personnel operation time, task distribution etc. will be collected. Then based on these data, a simulation model will be made in plant simulation. After that, the performance of the production line will be evaluated considering the man-machine collaboration, work task distribution etc. and the optimization will be made. Afterwords, the machine cycle time, operator motion track and labor operation time in real production situation will be collected to compare and validate the optimization model.
Extraction of Droplets for Bioanalysis Based on Superhydrophobic Hole
Authors: Liu Rui , Chen Yang , Pan Weihao , Song Jinlong
Published: June 2021

Superhydrophobic surfaces, which have the excellent characteristics of self-cleaning, low-adhesion and non-wetting, have been widely used in the field of biochemical analysis by limiting sample loss. In this paper, a method to generate droplets of appropriate volume by superhydrophobic holes was proposed. First, the super-hydrophobic surface with super-hydrophobic holes was fabricated by laser etching and low surface energy modification. Then, the possible states of droplets were analyzed. In addition, the effect of droplets size and hole size on the states of droplets were studied comprehensively. This method of droplets generation based on superhydrophobic holes has great potential applications in step-by-step biological experiments.
Stability Analysis of Half-rotating Walking Mechanism with Self-balancing Configuration
Authors: Wang Yongming , Zhang Guoli , Xu Xuetan
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the problem of dynamic stability of half-rotating walking mechanism, a walking mechanism with self-balancing configuration is proposed. Using D-H method, the transformation matrix between coordinate systems is obtained. Based on the structural and kinematic characteristics of the half-rotating walking mechanism, a new evaluation method for the kinematic stability of the half-rotating walking mechanism is proposed: the stable triangle method. A stable walking strategy of half-rotating walking mechanism is proposed to keep the minimum stable angle as the maximum in the process of motion. Adams motion simulation shows the strategy adopted is reasonable and effective. The stability analysis based on the minimum stability angle shows that the half-rotating walking mechanism can walk stably, and the faster the speed of the half-rotating mechanism is, the weaker the stability of the mechanism is.
Study on the Applicability of Phase Change Energy Storage Materials in Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Lu Yong , Liu Linlin , Wu Chunying , Liu Aihua , Li Yali , Guo Ruyong
Published: June 2021

In order to optimize the phase-change energy storage materials for asphalt pavement and analyze the feasibility and applicability of phase-change energy storage materials for asphalt pavement, the experimental methods of thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were adopted. The thermal stability, chemical stability and chemical compatibility of various phase change energy storage materials were tested and analyzed. The results show that the fatty acids, stearic acids and fatty alcohols showed significant weight loss at 200°C. PEG and DTC phase change materials showed no mass loss at 200°C and had good thermal stability. PEG2000 and DTC have no chemical changes after high temperature treatment, and PEG2000, DTC and SBS modified asphalt are physical blend, and the chemical compatibility with asphalt is good. Crystalline hydrated salts, paraffin, fatty acid, stearic acid, fatty alcohol phase change materials are not suitable for asphalt pavement, PEG organic phase change materials and DTC composite phase change materials can be used for intelligent temperature control asphalt pavement research.
Synergistic regulation mechanism of bionic structure and poly (vinylsulfonic acid) sodium (PVSNa) coating for high load bearing lubrication
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Liu Zhifeng , Zhang Caixia , Hou Kexin
Published: June 2021

A low friction coefficient and high bearing capacity can improve the service life of implants in the human body. In this study, the surface performance was improved by coupling the structure with the material. The bionic structure was obtained on the titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) surface by chemical etching. The mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V with bionic structure were investigated by tribological experiments with different stresses. An interesting phenomenon was found that the friction coefficient of etched surface decreased with the increase of the stress, indicating that bionic structure can effectively improve the stability of Ti6Al4V surface bearing capacity. A poly (vinylsulfonic acid) sodium (PVSNa) coating was further fabricated on etched Ti6Al4V to obtain low friction. During the sliding process, PVSNA molecules were continuously added from the bionic structure to the surface through friction force for lubrication. The synergistic regulation of bionic structure and PVSNa coating made Ti6Al4V surface obtain low friction and high bearing capacity stability. This study can serve as a guide for the design of low friction and high bearing capacity stability.
Numerical Simulation on Jet Forming and Penetration Performance of Several Amorphous Energetic Alloy Liner with Typical Structures
Authors: Cui Ping , Shi Dongmei , Xu Jingqing , Wang Tianci , Zhang Xingze , Li Zhuang , Wang Deshi
Published: June 2021

The structure and material of the liner are the key factors that affect the forming and penetration ability of the jet. In order to study the influence of new energetic materials and typical liner shapes on jet forming and penetration behavior, this paper takes ZrCuNiAlAg amorphous alloy as the liner material and establishes four shaped charge (SC) models with conical, sub-hemispherical, eccentric sub-hemispherical and hypercumulative liners respectively. The jet forming law and its penetration process against the concrete target plates under different liner shapes are studied based on the AUTODYN numerical simulation software. The results show that a stable jet can be formed from ZrCuNiAlAg amorphous alloy liner under the Mohaupt effect, but the jets produced by liners with different structures differs quite a lot. Under the same conditions including charge diameter, charge length diameter ratio and wall thickness, the tip velocity, the tip-tail velocity difference and the length of the jet formed by conical and hypercumulative liners are significantly higher than those of sub-hemispherical and eccentric sub-hemispherical liners. The jet length of the hypercumulative liner is the longest while that of the eccentric sub-hemispherical liner is the shortest. The hypercumulative jet can penetrate a concrete target plate with 400mm thickness at 250μs, and the jets formed by conical, sub-hemispherical and eccentric sub-hemispherical liners basically stops the penetration ability at 300μs. In terms of penetration depth, the hypercumulative liner is the largest and the sub-hemispherical liner is the smallest. The sub-hemispherical liner gets the largest perforation aperture. The eccentric sub-hemispherical liner gets the best comprehensive effect of penetration and expansion against the concrete target. The results of this paper can be used for reference in the structural design of the amorphous alloy liner.
Process and performance of ultra-high-speed laser cladding corrosion-resistant layer on the surface of tungsten cathode
Authors: Zhang Mingyi , Gao Ping , Wang Hao , Jia Xiaobin
Published: June 2021

Ultra-high-speed laser cladding technology is used to clad the surface anti-corrosion layer of tungsten cathode for molten salt electrolysis. Using MSC. Marc finite element simulation software, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and microhardness tester and other analytical testing methods, respectively, the cladding process, the cladding layer microstructure morphology, phase composition, phase distribution and microhardness are simulated, and the structure is observed and analyzed. The simulation results show that the preheating process before cladding for the tungsten substrate can effectively avoid the cracking phenomenon caused by internal stress; the structure and performance observation results show that the cladding layer has a dense structure and no cracks, forming a good metallurgical bond with the substrate, the difference in the structure of the cladding layer affects the hardness of the cladding layer.
The preparation of PVDF-BTO composite film and the influence of polarization intensity on the piezoelectric properties of composite film
Authors: Li-zhu Wei , Chang-song Zhang , Chu Wang , Ru-peng Wang
Published: June 2021

In this study, the PVDF-BTO composite film was prepared by the casting method. Through FTIR, SEM and other phase structure and microstructure analysis of the composite film, it was found that the introduction of BTO can promote the growth of β-PVDF. The relative content of β-PVDF in PVDF-BTO composite film reached 62.7%, indicating that BTO acts as a nucleating agent in PVDF. PVDF-BTO composite piezoelectric film is obtained after high temperature stretching and field polarization. After testing the electrical properties of the composite piezoelectric film, it is found that the piezoelectric performance of the PVDF-BTO composite film is higher than that of the pure PVDF film. It shows that the blending of BTO and PVDF to prepare the film promotes the deflection of the electrical properties of the film to the inherent electrical properties of BTO. The influence of different polarization intensities on the piezoelectric properties of composite materials was studied. The results show that the optimal polarization intensity of the PVDF-BTO composite piezoelectric film is 30 KV/mm, and the highest piezoelectric constant d33 is 13 pC/N.
Research on the Influence of Different Oxide Particles on Properties of AgCdO Contact Material
Authors: Yangfang Chen , Xiaofang Yan , Xiaoping Bai , Mingjiang Zhang , Jie Li , Changlin Yang , Xiufang Zhang
Published: June 2021

AgCdO electric contact material is widely used in low voltage industries, such as contactors, electric relays, switches and miniature circuit breaker, therefore it is called “the universal material”. This material is mainly prepared by internal oxidization and it has good machining properties and ani-welding resistance. In this paper, AgCdO(12) electrical contact materials with different oxide particle sizes (0.8, 1.2, 1μm) will be prepared. Besides, the microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical properties of different AgCdO(12) materials will be investigated. It is expected to provide reference for research and design of electrical contact materials.
Microstructure and tensile property of a BCC-structured high entropy alloy fabricated by laser melting deposition
Authors: Yang Min , Sun Shi-Hai , Wang Benpeng , Liang Yaojian , Wang Lu , Xue Yunfei
Published: June 2021

The microstructure and tensile property of a BCC-structured high entropy alloy fabricated by laser melting deposition was investigated in this paper. The microstructure of as-deposited specimens was equiaxed grain and consisted of BCC phase and Zr rich precipitate. Due to the in-situ aging effect, the precipitate content in the as-deposited specimen increased with the increase of the distance from the last build plane, which can be weakened by decreasing the input power. With a heat treatment at 950°C for 1h, the precipitate can be completely removed. The strength and ductility of the heat treated specimen were much higher than those of the as-deposited specimen, which may be owing to the increased solution strengthening effect through the dissolution of the precipitates.
Study on the properties of electrospun fiber for wound healing
Authors: Bo Yuan , Xianyun He , Tao Zhang
Published: June 2021

Electrospinning is a kind of technology which can efficiently prepare wound healing materials. In the application process of materials, it is very important to study the biological and mechanical properties of fiber materials. In this paper, Polycaprolactone fiber was prepared by controlling the process parameters of electrospinning process. The surface structure of the fiber was observed by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The results of electron microscope showed that there were cross stripes on the fiber surface, which would affect the mechanical properties of the fiber. The mechanical properties of fiber under two kinds of deformation conditions were measured by using high precision drawing equipment and self-made bending device. The experimental data show that the elastic modulus of the fiber under tensile load presents discrete distribution characteristics, and the elastic modulus of the fiber has nothing to do with the diameter; while in the bending experiment, the elastic modulus of the fiber increases significantly with the decrease of the fiber diameter, and the mechanical properties of the fiber show scale effect related to the fiber diameter. The reason for the different mechanical properties of the two groups of fibers may be related to the crystal morphology of the fiber surface and interior.
Comparing Properties of the Warp-knitted spacer fabric instead of sponge for automobile seat fabric
Authors: Guo Yan , Chen Lin , Qiang Sheng , Qian Xian , Xue Tao , He Fang
Published: June 2021

The warp-knitted spacer fabric is a new material for automobile seat fabric that can replace sponge in recent years. But its properties of the strength and recovery are very important in laminated car seat fabric. In this paper, the breaking and tearing strength, stress-strain relation was tested and compared. It could be seen that the warp-knitted spacer fabric had excellent performances in strength of breaking and tearing, better air permeability than same thickness sponge. Therefore, it is a good material to replace sponge. Meanwhile, when its thickness was 6mm, the warp-knitted spacer fabric had better ability in the breaking strength, tearing strength, air permeability and the elastic recovery, so it could be used to instead of sponge in lamination car seat fabric for middle layer.
Research on the microwave absorbing properties of ferrite/acetylene carbon black composites with different structures
Authors: Xianyun He , Bo Yuan , Xinghua Zhang
Published: June 2021

This experimental study was aimed to investigate the microwave absorbing properties of composites with different structures prepared by filling nitrile rubber (NBR) with ferrite and acetylene carbon black (CB). The results show that the input impedance of the ferrite-filled composite was smaller than that of the CB-filled composites. The ferrite filled composite also matched the free space better than the CB filled composite. The two-layer and four-layer composites performed significantly better than the single-layer structure composites in absorbing microwaves. The maximum absorption attenuation of the four-layer NBR/CB composites reached 11.38dB.
Surface roughness of PLA parts by FDM with chemical treatment
Authors: Li Bin , Yang Jiawei , Gu Hai , Jiang Jie , Zhang Jie , Sun Jianhua
Published: June 2021

Chemical treatment can effectively reduce the surface roughness of fused deposition modeling (FDM) parts. An effort is made in this study to appraise the surface finish of poly lactic acid (PLA) parts by FDM with hot vapor smoothing treatment. The tests were designed as per the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array based factorial design of experimentation while varying process parameters such as time, temperature and solution concentration of hot vapor smoothing. The surface roughness of PLA parts after chemical treatment reduces in different degrees compared with FDM prototypes. The results of the statistical study indicate that the surface roughness is affected by treatment temperature. The optimum parameters that have been verified by performing the experiments may provide a theoretical basis for FDM parts in practical application.
Influence of stone powder content in machine-made sand on mortar concrete
Authors: Wen Hongping
Published: June 2021

The paper mainly studies that Influence of stone powder content in machine-made sand on mortar concrete. By changing the amount of stone powder in the machine-made sand, the ratio of cement to water and sand to grout, the change in the tensile value of the steel bar in concrete can be found. After a lot of test data to prove that the content of stone powder is 6%, the mortar ratio is 1: 2.5, the water-cement ratio is 0.40, the content of water-absorbent resin is 0.20, and the performance of the C40 concrete is good.
Research on Effect of Cryogenic Coolants on Machinability Characteristics in Machining Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Yousuf Yusuf Abudllahi , Wang Zhenda , Fu Xiuli , Chen Liwen , Fang Jitao
Published: June 2021

In this research, Ti-6Al-4V was machined under dry cutting conditions and cryogenic cooling environment, on cutting tool and workpiece material, surface performance, and cutting force were studied. However, all cases observed a positive influence of cryogenic machining on selected aspects after turning Ti-6Al-4V. Turning process is carried out for five different cutting speeds (35, 40, 55, 70, 80 m/min) while 0.15 mm/rev cutting feed out and 0.5 mm cutting depth are to be constant. It was found that Cryogenic cooling can decrease cutting temperatures, increase tool life, improve the roughness of the cutting surface and the residual stress of the surface, improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the cutting surface.
Microstructure and wear properties of high manganese steel by V-Ti alloying elements
Authors: Zhang Piao , Zhuang Weiwen , Wan Wenfeng , Peng Wei
Published: June 2021

High manganese steel was prepared by adjusting the components of the alloys by adding V-Ti. The investigation was carried out to study the effect of V-Ti elements alloying on the microstructure and wear properties of high manganese steel through metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical machine and abrasive wear tests. The test results showed that V-Ti alloying improved the properties of high manganese steel. The grains are refined, size of impurities are reduced, the form and distribution of impurities are also ameliorated. In addition, the hardness was increased by 23.7%~84.6% and tensile strength can be increased up to 31.3%.
Preparation and characterization of flame retardant automobile fabric
Authors: Guo Yan , Chen Lin , Qiang Sheng , Qian Xian , Xue Tao , He Fang
Published: June 2021

The flame retardant polyester fiber used in seat cover of automobile is very important, because it has excellent function of safety when a car spontaneously ignites. In order to reduce material cost, several fabrics were designed and developed using flame retardant polyester fiber and ordinary polyester fiber interweave in this work. After test weaving and testing, the 8 fabric samples of the flame retardancy were all up to the national standard in flame-retardant function. The 1# fabric sample was 76.32% in ratio of flame-retardant polyester and the small jacquard stitching double weave, it was not only reached flame retardant best but also better decoration function. Meanwhile, flame retardant performance would be improved with coverage ratio of flame-retardant polyester on fabric surface. So, this conclusion can be useful to development of flame retardant fabric in automobile seat cover. The new product of development will be security, comfortable and beautiful and will adapt to needs of automobile industry.
Study on the dynamic fatigue performance of shot blasting machine’s blades based on modal analysis
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Wang Shuai , Yousuf Yusuf Abdullahi , Jiang Zhenfeng , Fang Jitao , Fu Xiuli , Men Xiuhua
Published: June 2021

Shot blasting is an important means of metal surface treatment, and the fracture of rotating blade is the main reason for the abnormal operation of shot blasting machine. In order to prolong the service life of the equipment, the dynamic fatigue characteristics of the blade are studied in this paper. A three-dimensional model of the blade is established and its constraint modal are analyzed by both simulation and experiment. The results show that the deformation of blade is proportional with the increase of natural frequency, and the stress concentration is easy to occur at the root of blade. Meanwhile, the dynamic fatigue test of the blade is carried out, and it can be found that the root of the blade breaks at the rotational speed of 750r/min, which verifies the correctness of simulation results. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively adjust the control speed to ensure the normal rotation of the blades and reliable operation of the machine.
Numerical simulation of oil droplets spreading on solid surface in water
Authors: Chen Zhiwen , Yang Xiaoyong , Wang Bingjie , Dai Jian , Bai Zhishan
Published: June 2021

Plate separators are widely used for oil-water separation in the petrochemical industry. The spreading process of oil droplets at the solid surface is the key to understanding the oil-water separation mechanism in the plate separator. This study uses VOF method to capture oil-water phase interface change and sets up a two-dimensional model of oil droplets spreading on solid surface in water. The influences of droplet diameter, oil-water interfacial tension and viscosity are studied. The numerical simulation results show that the maximum spreading length of oil droplets increases with the increase of droplet size and interfacial tension. The average spreading speed of oil droplets decreases with the increase of oil droplet size, and increases with the increase of surface tension. The maximum spreading length and average spreading speed of oil droplets decrease with the increase of the dynamic viscosity of the oil droplets.
Hydrolysis optimization and application of animal glue binder for casting
Authors: Wang Tian-shu , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Shao-jun , Wang Ming-yu
Published: June 2021

With the animal glue binder as raw material, the optimal hydrolysis process of anhydrous sodium carbonate is determined by single factor. The results show that the optimum hydrolysis process is as following. The hydrolysis time is 30 min for a reaction temperature of 60°C, and the mass ratio of water to animal glue is 120:100. The amount of anhydrous sodium carbohydrate is 4wt.% to binder. Under these conditions, the compression strength of binder reaches 2.50MPa, and the surface tension of binder is 33.236 mN/m. The molecular weight of hydrolyzed binder is greatly reduced, and the binder contains hydrophilic molecular groups such as amino and hydroxyl, which improves the hydrophilicity and thermal stability of the animal glue binder.
Performance analysis of SOFC-MGT new bottom cyclic structure
Authors: Run-peng Qiao , Qian-chao Liang , Jun-neng HE , Fan Yang
Published: June 2021

A new type of SOFC-MGT bottom cycle structure is proposed, and its performance is researched and analyzed based on Matlab/Simulink software and experimental tests. The research results show that the higher the initial temperature of the fuel, the worse the reforming efficiency. With the continuous increase of the initial fuel temperature, the reformed product CO can increase by up to 1.1%, CO2 can be reduced by up to 2.8%, H2 can be reduced by up to 0.3%, and the remaining water vapor is up to 0.6%. The overall power of the SOFC-MGT system is the SOFC power.2.1times the power, which is 3.25times the power of MGT.
Research on the thermal stability of 2-amino-3,5-dichloro-N-methylbenzamide (ADMBA) applying DSC
Authors: Cong Yun-Bo , Cheng Chun-Sheng
Published: June 2021

To study the thermal stability of 2-amino-3,5-dichloro-^-methylbenzamide (ADMBA), five dynamic DSC curves were initially used to obtain the apparent thermodynamic data, such as the activation energy, the initial decomposition temperature, and heat release for the thermal decomposition from samples. Combined with AKTS kinetic software and the Friedman method, the simulation calculation for the DSC data was conducted to predict thermal stability, such as TMRad and SADT. The TD24 was 254.3°C and SADT was 221°C, respectively, utilizing DSC and AKTS.
Ultrasonic-assisted grinding experiments on quartz glass and investigation of factors influencing surface roughness
Authors: Xiao Fuyuan , Yan Bing , Jin Gang , Liu Hao , Sun Guangxing , Tan Hui
Published: June 2021

In order to study the grinding mechanism of quartz glass, a three-factor four-level orthogonal test under ultrasonic grinding and non-sonic grinding conditions was designed to investigate the laws of spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut on the surface roughness of quartz glass. The extreme difference analysis and the analysis of influencing factors were carried out for ultrasonic grinding and non-ultrasonic grinding experiments. The experimental results show that the surface roughness of ultrasonic grinding quartz glass decreases with the increase of spindle speed, increases with the increase of feed speed and increases with the increase of depth of cut. The surface roughness of non-sonic grinding quartz glass increases with increasing spindle speed, increases with increasing feed rate, and decreases with increasing depth of cut. This study provides important implications for the study of the grinding mechanism of quartz glass.
Review on Bio-inspired Materials with Nanotechnology Applications in Medical Devices
Authors: Gong Zixuan , Zhang Yuxiang , Yu Xinyi
Published: June 2021

Nano-biomimetic material is a multidisciplinary field emerging gradually with the development of micro-nano technology, which covers many fields such as materials science, nanotechnology, biology, artificial intelligence, medicine. The existence of micro-nano technology has led to major breakthroughs in many aspects of these fields, giving people possible opportunity to design and modify new drugs, organ-on-chips and so on at the micron or nanometer scale. At present, nano-biomimetic materials have played an important role in drug development and toxicity testing, self-healing of biomedical materials and flexible nanorobots. For example, hydrogels performance has been improved by the addition of some specific nanomaterials. The future research direction of nanoscale-hydrogel binding materials is still under search now. Another new product--Organ-on-chip is also highly dependent on nanotechnology. Three kinds of representative organ-on-chip, heart-on-chip, kidney-on-chip and lung-on-chip are now been supported by microfluidic technology. Their applications and prospect in medicines are hot topics at present. Furthermore, the principle of how nanomaterials improved (Ion-exchange polymer-metal composite) IPMC’s characters and its application in capsule robot field and artificial muscle field are under discussion. But to people’s expectation, IPMC still has a good prospect. This research looks forward to the application of biological nanotechnology in more fields.
Optimization and simulation of furnace temperature curve based on heat
Authors: Yu Cheng Jun
Published: June 2021

The welding quality of reflow welding is closely related to the setting of furnace temperature curve. Based on the law of heat transfer between heat transfer conduction and heat ionization in the process of reflow welding, the mathematical model of PCB plate heat transfer process is established based on the relationship between conveyor belt transfer speed, temperature of each temperature zone and minimum equivalent heat stress in the process of reflow welding, and the optimization model of furnace temperature curve is established with the minimum heating factor and minimum equivalent thermal stress as the optimization target. At the same time, the simulation analysis of stress strain before and after optimization is carried out by finite meta-method, and the results show that the iso-effect force after optimization is reduced by 6.5%, the warp deformation degree of the corner is also reduced to a certain extent, and the maximum iso-effect variable is reduced by 5%. The results provide reference and basis for the improvement of reflow welding process.
Calibration of the momentum scale of a particle physics detector using the Armenteros-Podolanski plot
Authors: Baladrón Rodríguez P. , Chobanova V. , Cid Vidal X. , Gligorov V. , Lucio Martínez M. , Markov J. , Martínez Santos D. , Pló Casasús M.
Published: June 2021

A method for calibrating the momentum scale in a particle physics detector is described. The method relies on the determination of the masses of the final state particles in two-body decays of neutral particles, which can then be used to obtain corrections in the momentum scale. A modified version of the Armenteros-Podolanski plot and the KS
0 → π+ π- decay is used as a proof of principle for this method.
A precision at the 10-6–10-8 level is achieved in simplified simulations.
Utilization of Renewable and Conventional Energy in Palm Oil Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Ambarita Himsar , Kawai Hideki
Published: June 2021

In this study, the utilization of renewable energy and conventional energy in the palm oil industry of Indonesia is explored. The objectives are to examine the characteristics of energy utilization in the palm oil industry and to estimate the potency of renewable energy from the waste of palm oil mill. The literatures of Indonesia’s palm oil industry are reviewed. Then, validate the data with site visits to six palm oil mills, continue with an interview with national consultants. The results show that the total area of palm planted area and produced CPO in Indonesia in the year 2020 are estimated as 14,996,010 Ha and 49,117,260 tons CPO, respectively. The palm oil industry has abundant renewable energy potency, and some of them are used as a fuel of the boiler for CPO production in the mill, and there is 605,523 ToE of them has not used. Even though there is a great potency of renewable energy, the palm oil industry still consumes conventional energy, mainly for FFB transportation. Conventional energy used in the palm oil industry estimates about 602,540 ToE in 2020. The palm oil industry should replace fossil fuel consumption by utilizing its renewable energy resources.
Analysis of smart grid power flow system with Gauss-Seidel method
Authors: Muthia Putri Syarifah , Maizana Dina , Bahri Zulkifli
Published: June 2021

The use of smart grid systems is a good opportunity for the future of electric energy resilience in the future. The design of smart grid systems that use electrical energy sources through the PLN (National Power Plant), PV Solar System and Battery as a backup can improve efficiency in the electricity grid. To ensure that the system is feasible, it is necessary to analyze the power flow in the system. The analysis is performed on each case contained in the network with Gauss-Seidel Method. The analysis shows that case 1 is the most optimal power supply from PLN and RE (Renewable Energy).
Solar collector field and thermal energy storage for auxiliary component in organic rankine cycle for bottoming unit to utilize exhaust steam from back pressure turbine of Ulumbu geothermal power plant
Authors: Berian Z Y , Wijaya A T , Iqbal T M
Published: June 2021

Flores has a vast geothermal energy sources, one of the fields, Ulumbu, producing electricity from the geothermal power plant (PLTP). PLTP Ulumbu has two back pressure turbines generating 2.5 MW electricity. Besides geothermal power, Flores has potential solar energy sources that are recorded as much as 5 to 6 kWh/m2/day. The exhaust steam from the backpressure turbine adds the binary cycle as the bottoming unit. It is able to generate electricity continously to supply the baseload. Currently, the peak load of electricity usage in Flores is supplied by the diesel power plant (PLTD). This paper studies the addition of solar collectors and thermal energy storage (TES) as auxiliary components in the binary cycle and simulates the system by using the Aspen Plus. The solar energy is stored in TES during the day and then released to the heat exchanger in the evening. This idea reduces the dependency on diesel power plants in the evening. To increase power as much as 500 kW, the collector area needed to supply the system is 1.1 ha using synthetic oil as HTF. The volume of TES to stored the energy by using nitrate salts as HTF is 1,120 m3. As a result, the efficiencies of the non-hybrid system and hybrid systems are 11.38% and 11.31% subsequently.
The growth of CeOx(111) thin films on Ru(0001)
Authors: Ginting Elfrida , Zhou Jing
Published: June 2021

Ceria has attracted great attention in recent years in the catalysis community. Metal catalysts supported on ceria exhibit a promising catalytic activity due to the ceria’s unique redox properties and oxygen storage capacity. The purpose of this paper is to look at the fundamental aspect of CeOx(111) thin films on Ru(0001). The investigation presented in this paper utilizes the surface science method to understand the properties of CeOx(111). In one component, through a series of XPS studies, it is shown that the deposition of Ce in the presence of oxygen on Ru(0001) can produce ceria thin films. Fully oxidized CeO2 can be obtained with an oxygen pressure of 2 x 10−7 Torr. With the decrease in the oxygen pressure, partially reduced CeOx films can be prepared. Moreover, STM images are collected from the CeO2 growth in the presence of 2×10−7 Torr of oxygen and partially reduced ceria with oxygen pressures of 8×10−8 Torr. These films can completely cover the Ru(0001) substrate. The measured step height is about 0.3 nm, which is consistent with the 0.313 nm spacing of O-Ce-O tri-layers in the CeO2(111) fluorite bulk structure.
Performance of geothermal power generation for the past five years in Indonesia to achieve renewable generation target 2025: a critical review
Authors: Hariyadi
Published: June 2021

Abstract The geothermal power generation (GPG) development has strategic importance in achieving renewable-based energy security, climate mitigation, and sustainable development. As a country with abundant geothermal resources, Indonesia has taken breakthrough policies in developing GPG to improve the renewable energy mix in 2025 and beyond. The government’s breakthrough policies to promote generation development have significantly contributed to the progress already made in this field. Nevertheless, it is still insufficient to meet the target set by 2025. This article critically reviews crucial issues the breakthrough policies for the GPG development and their impact on achieving the target of the renewable energy mix in Indonesia, such as problems with policy framework instrument, institutional aspect, fiscal policy, or better social opposition management GPG projects. In addition to identifying the consequent disadvantages, this review also presents improvement recommendations.
Covid-19 and its effect on the supply and demand of fossil fuel energy: Indonesian context.
Authors: Edi Sewandono R , Imam Munandar Adis
Published: June 2021

Energy has a strategic contribution to the economic development of the countries. Due to Covid-19 that disrupts the demand and supply of fossil fuel energy products, thus, several sectors are also impacted. This study aims to investigate the effect of Covid-19 on the supply-demand of fossil fuel energy in Indonesia. The data in this research will be in the form of descriptive qualitative data by using secondary data analysis from several sources, the study reveals that the Covid-19 pandemic has a positive effect on Indonesian energy consumption. This result indicates that during Covid-19, 12.9%% oil fuel consumption decreased, 10.8% gas use decline, 0.9% LPG gas consumption rose 7.8%, electricity power declined, and the coal consumption 14.3% reduced, consequently the reduction in fossil fuel energy use will be very beneficial for dependency on imports which causes a lot of budget deficits, also potentially decreasing intensity and elasticity of energy then finally fulfilled sustainability energy.
Greening energy supply in the light of SDGs and Covid-19
Authors: Handayani K , Filatova T.
Published: June 2021

The Paris Agreement calls for universal action to tackle climate change. Accordingly, countries have laid out their climate mitigation pledges and strategies on their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). Most of the submitted NDCs include climate actions in the energy sector as a part of a national strategies in achieving their Paris climate targets. This paper assesses the alignment of the Indonesian power sector’s pathway with its Paris Agreement targets. Furthermore, we analyze the role of climate change mitigation in the power sector to Indonesia’s SDGs targets. We also identify how Covid-19 might affect the power sector development and subsequently the sector’s contribution to NDC. We review the literature and energy sector’s publications and apply the SDG interaction framework developed by Nilsson et.al. (2016) for our analysis. Our results indicate how the power sector’s pathway contributes to both NDC and SDGs targets.
Indonesia energy security concept to improve sustainability of new and renewable energy utilization in Indonesia with quintuple helix model: 4A+1S for national defense
Authors: Dwi Kuntjoro Yanif , Khotimah Khusnul , Agustiani Rani
Published: June 2021

The scarcity issues of fossil fuels prompted the government to formulate and establish a National Energy Policy (Law No. 79/2014), which targets that by 2025 the national energy needs of 23% will be met by new and renewable energy (NRE). Meanwhile, the condition of NRE utilization in Indonesia is still low, which is around 9%. A qualitative approach is a methodology used in this paper. The data used are secondary. The result shows that the development of the diversity of NRE utilization in each region in Indonesia based on the availability of potential local energy resources. The Concept of Energy Security (4A+1S: Availability, Accessibility, Affordability, Acceptability, Sustainability) in a quintuple helix model can optimize the use of NRE. It can increase the triple helix model of National Defense (Sovereignty, Integrity, and Safety), improving the roadmap and the role of local content mapping. Both are based on geographical, demographic, and lifestyle of the community, so that it can use as a reference in the plan to develop national long-term diversity of energy use of local and national government.
Anti-meningitis agent potentially of Syzigium Cumini Essential oil by GC-MS
Authors: Wasilah S , Sari A N , Nasution R S , Diningrat D S
Published: June 2021

The essential oil from fruit of Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae), endemic to Indonesia, was investigated by using GC and GC-MS. Forty-six components represented of the total oil were identified. The major components of the essential oil were 1,2,3-Propanetriol (20.32%), octadecanoic acid (16.13%), glycerine-1-oleate-3-palmitate (12.00%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (6.49%) and Heptadecyl acetate (5.52%). The bio-activity of the major components of essential oil of S. cumini was investigated by the PASS-online bio-activity prediction software. The major components of essential oil of S. cumini exhibited antibacterial activities. The antibacterial activity present in the essential oil of S. cumini has the potential to be used as an anti-meningitis bacterial. Further research is needed to test the definitive antibacterial ability of the compounds contained in S. cumini essential oil…
DNA purification from meatballs as a basis of halal authentication based on genetic markers
Authors: Purnomo N , Ramadhanti D , Mansur M , Nur M , Dagong M I A
Published: June 2021

The mixing of non-halal meat in meatballs cannot be physically distinguished, so an approach based on molecular genetics is needed. However, until now there has been no information on the proper DNA purification method to obtain DNA from meatballs. This study was designed to obtain the most appropriate method of DNA purification from meatballs through modification of the preparation and number of samples used as the basis for halal authentication genetic marker-based. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design, in which the preparation method as the main factor consisted of fresh sample preparation (P1), oven-dry sample preparation (P2), and freeze-drying sample preparation (P3). The second factor is the sample weight consisting of a sample weight of 25 mg (B1), a sample weight of 50 mg (B2), a sample weight of 75 mg (B3), a sample weight of 100 mg (B4). Each treatment combination was cashed twice so that the number of experimental units was 24. The results of this study indicated that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the treatment methods of sample preparation and sample weight to the purified DNA concentration of meatballs. There was also no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the treatment methods of sample preparation and the number of meatball samples on the purity of DNA purified from the meatballs. So it can be concluded that the preparation method and the number of samples did not affect the concentration and purity of purified DNA from meatballs.
Evaluation of noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaves and fruits on methane emission and rumen fermentation parameters in vitro
Authors: Wardiny T M , Sinar T E A , Jayanegara A
Published: June 2021

Various attempts were made to reduce emissions of methane, among others was through use bioactive compound of the herbs. One of the herbs that can use is Noni (Morinda citrifolia), which has been reported contain tannin, saponin and possess antimicrobial activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Morinda citrifolia leaves (MCL) and Morinda citrifolia fruits (MCF) on methane emission and rumen fermentation in vitro. These MCL and MCF were added to the incubation bottles containing Penisetum purpureum grass (PPG) with the following treatments (performed in four replicates): R0: control substrate (100% PPG), R1: 90% PPG + 10% MCL, R2: 80% PPG + 20% MCL, R3: 70% PPG + 30% MCL, R4: 60% PPG + 40% MCL, R5: 90% PPG + 10% MCF, R6: 80% PPG + 20% MCF, R7: 70% PPG + 30% MCF, and R8: 60% PPG + 40% MCF. Parameters measured were total gas production, methane emission, microbial population, and ammonia. The results showed that the highest total gas production and a decrease in methane gas were obtained at R3. In conclusion, addition of Morinda citrifolia leaves or fruits have a potential to reduce methane emission and improves feeding value of Penisetum purpureum.
The effect of nano Zn fitogenik addition on broiler diet to carcass traits, relative organ weights and haematological response
Authors: Hidayat C , Sumiati  , Wina E , Jayanegara A
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding nano Zn Fitogenik (NZF) on broiler diet to carcass traits, relative organ weights and haematological indices. This study used 360 heads of sexed Lohman broilers day old chick (DOC). The experimental design used was a complete design with 6 (six) treatments and 5 (five) replications, each experimental unit consisted of 12 DOC (6 males and 6 females). There were the treatment given in this study; R1 = basal diet; R2 = R1 + Zn Sulfate (90 mg Zn kg−1) + 5.32 mg kg-1 guava leaf flour; R3 = R1 + NZF (45 mg Zn kg−1); R4 = R1 + NZF (90 mg Zn kg−1); R5 = R1 + NZF (135 mg Zn kg−1); R6 = R1 + NZF (180 mg Zn kg−1). At 33 days old age, one male broiler from each experimental unit was slaughtered and observed for carcass weight, abdominal fat, visceral organs, and digestive tract. Haematological evaluation using 30 blood samples were taken from each experimental unit. The results showed that addition of NZF at a dose of 90 mg Zn/kg (R4) improved weight of carcass, heart, and ileum. The addition of NZF at a dose of 135 mg/kg (R5) increased the number of erythrocytes when compared to the treatment group without the addition of NZF (R1). Adding NZF tent to decrease H/L ratio. It can be concluded that adding NZF imporoved carcass weight and tend to suprisse heat stress in broiler.
Zinc-methionine supplementation prevents the live weight loss in the early lactation of Ongole-Crossbred cows in the reproduction cycle
Authors: Antari R , Mariyono  , Anggraeny Y N , Sukmasari P K , Pamungkas D , Wina E
Published: June 2021

This research aimed to investigate the reproductive performance of Ongole crossbred (PO) cows offered zinc methionine (ZincMeth) during the late gestation and early lactation. Thirty-two PO pregnant cows, 400 kg live weight (LW) were weighed and measured body condition score (BCS) before the experiment. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial with two nutritional and two ZincMeth treatments, with eight cows in each nutrition x ZincMeth group. All cows were offered elephant grass (EG), 16 cows offered a concentrate diet (CONS) containing 15% crude protein (CP) and 16 cows offered a CONS containing 11% CP at 3% LW on a DM basis, the ratio of EG: CONS was 40:60. Five grams of ZincMeth was added to the CONS prepared for individual cows. The parameters observed were LW gain, BCS, post-partum anestrus period, luteinizing hormone, volatile fatty acid, and blood metabolite concentrations. The results showed that the BCS change was greater in cows fed a high CP diet, they also had high plasma glucose, urea, and total protein concentrations. ZincMeth prevented LW loss in the early lactation and increased plasma urea concentration. Thus, the ZincMeth maintained the LWG during the critical period but did not affect any reproductive parameters.
Macronutrient management for the cultivation of Soybean (Glycine max L.): A review
Authors: Saranraj P , Sivasakthivelan P , Al-Tawaha A R M , Bright R , Imran  , Amanullah  , Al-Tawaha A R , Thangadurai D , Sangeetha J , Rauf A , Khalid S , Al Sultan W , Safari Z S , Qazizadah A Z , Zahid N A , Sirajuddin S N
Published: June 2021

The review is focused on management of macronutrients for cultivating Soybean. Soybean is an important crop in the world because the only reliable plant-based source of complete protein, comparable to meat and eggs, is from soya protein. Soybean yield is crucial for meeting protein malnutrition and edible oil needs.. The wide variation inRhizobialcell counts and nodule mass in beans are likely related to variation is Physico-chemical conditions of the soil.