bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Thermal Inkjet Technology Based on CFD
Authors: Wang Yi Fei , Shan Zhong De , Yang Hao Qin , Ren Yong Xin , Meng Ling Han
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a thermal inkjet printing simulation model is established in the CFD simulation platform, and the influence of inkjet driver parameters and ink physical parameters on the printing process is studied by numerical simulation. The evaporation-condensation model is coupled with the VOF multiphase flow model in Fluent software to establish a thermal inkjet printing process simulation model. Based on the orthogonal test method, we investigate the influence of fluid physical parameters (ink viscosity, surface tension) and inkjet driver parameters (heater temperature value) on droplet formation by changing the physical parameters of the material and the boundary conditions of the model. Through the comparison of the results, exploring the adjustment rules of thermal inkjet technology and obtaining the optimal combination of material and process parameters for high-quality ink drop formation.
Innovative Casting Methods for Single Crystal Turbine Blades
Authors: Ding Wan Qiu
Published: May 2021

This report outlines a succinct analysis of the contemporary casting methods in single-crystal turbine blades. Furthermore, this paper also provides an examination of the solidification procedure in mixed turbine blades. The couple cooling and heating operation system was advanced to obtain identical thermal positions for single crystal (SC) solidification in the blade group, thereby significantly diminishing the associated flaws in the contemporary Bridgman process. The chemistry science of Nickel based alloys planed for single crystal (SC) gas turbine blades has been notably improved upon, especially when considering the initial production of alloys. The second and third production within the total operation has been enhanced by the introduction of rhenium (Re). Surged density, grain flaws, and microstructural stableness have presented themselves as significant issues within this process. Additionally, it is imperative to minimize the concentrations of the different alloying components.
Corrosion Behavior on Titanium Alloys as OCTG in Oil Fields
Authors: Wang Xin Yu , Zhu Shi Dong , Liu Qiang , Fu An Qing , Li Jin Ling
Published: May 2021

Titanium alloys have been taken as Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) owing to their higher strength, and better corrosion resistance, but there are some problems in their application process. The corrosion types of titanium alloys were emphatically discussed, and corrosion mechanism was analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the main corrosion type of titanium alloys in hydrochloric acid was pitting, and the surface roughness of titanium alloys could affect it. The critical current density of titanium alloys in phosphoric acid was closely related to temperature and phosphoric acid concentration. The passivation of titanium alloys could be carried out by the growing oxide film at low current density, to achieve the higher stability of passivating film in the concentrated sulfuric acid. Titanium alloys suffered from more serious corrosion in the CO2-containing completion fluid environment than that in the CO2-containing formation water environment. H2S would cause electrochemical corrosion and stress corrosion of titanium alloy pipe, leading to hydrogen embrittlement and even cracking of OCTG. Passivating film was the key to corrosion resistance of titanium alloys, and its composition would change with the depth of the film, presenting N-type. The dynamic corrosion of titanium alloys was mainly controlled by charge transfer.
Gold Nanoparticles@Activated Carbon Modified Electrode for the Determination of Luteolin
Authors: Dong Long Yun , Wan Guan
Published: May 2021

In this paper, gold nanoparticles (AuPNs) and activated carbon (AC) modified electrode was used for the determination of luteolin. Porous activated carbon was made from coconut shell powder. The electrode was coated by Porous activated carbon, and then gold nanoparticles were electrodeposited on the porous carbon surface. Electrochemical behavior of luteolin was analyzed by gold nanoparticles@ activated carbon modified electrode. The results show that the detection range of luteolin is 1.8 μmol/L to 10 μmol/L (R2 = 0.9863) with the detection limit of 0.1 nmol/L (3σ/slope), and the recommended method has a good recovery for the detection of luteolin in real urine.
Takotsubo syndrome in association with pheochromocytoma: clinical and practical considerations
Authors: Yalta Kenan , Ozkan Ugur , Yalta Tulin , Yetkin Ertan
Published: May 2021

In clinical practice, pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) has been attributed to adrenergic discharge mostly associated with a variety of stressors. Occasionally, organic sources of adrenergic discharge (including pheochromocytoma) might also account for this phenomenon and are not considered as exclusion criteria for the diagnosis of TTS (as opposed to previous suggestions). We read with great interest the recently published article by Maffè et al. that describes a case of fatal TTS due to a ruptured pheochromocytoma in a middle-aged male. In this context, we would like to comment on this interesting case and potential implications of TTS associated with pheochromocytoma....
Infectious Disease Immunotherapies – An Update
Authors: Lall Mahima , Singh Suyash , Atal Amar , Singhal Anuj
Published: May 2021

This review article tries to bring together the important active and passive immunotherapeutic modalities currently under consideration for COVID-19 disease. The basis of immunotherapy is based on use of naturally occurring agents or drugs to modify the body's immune response to certain antigens, the host immune system competent to successfully target and eliminate the infectious agent, without altering the normal physiology. Pubmed was screened for studies using key words; COVID-19, Convalescent plasma therapy, Immunotherapy, Clinical trials. We identified 537 studies through database searches. After reviewing the title and abstracts, we excluded 452 studies that were not relevant, leaving 85 studies for full-text evaluation. Of these, 53 studies fulfilling predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria were finally included. This study found that the common immunotherapies which were used in COVID-19 pandemic times were plasma therapy, T-reg based therapy, tocilizumab, hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, and baricitinib.
Prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Batte Charles , Namusobya Martha S , Kirabo Racheal , Mukisa John , Adakun Susan , Katamba Achilles
Published: May 2021

Background: In Uganda, 12% of previously treated TB cases and 1.6% of new cases have MDR-TB and require specialized treatment and care. Adherence is crucial for improving MDR-TB treatment outcomes. There is paucity of information on the extent to which these patients adhere to treatment and what the drivers of non-adherence are.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study using retrospectively collected routine program data for patients treated for MDR- TB between January 2012 – May 2016 at Mulago Hospital. We extracted anonymized data on non-adherence (missing 10% or more of DOT), socio-economic, demographic, and treatment characteristics of the patients. All participants were sen- sitive to MDR-TB drugs after second line Drug Susceptible Testing (DST) at entry into the study. Factors associated with non-adherence to MDR-TB treatment were determined using generalized linear models for the binomial family with log link and robust standard errors. We considered a p- value less than 0.05 as statistically significant.

Results: The records of 227 MDR- TB patients met the inclusion criteria, 39.4% of whom were female, 32.6% aged be- tween 25 – 34 years, and 54.6% living with HIV/AIDS. About 11.9% of the patients were non-adherent. The main driver for non-adherence was history of previous DR-TB treatment; previously treated DR-TB patients were 3.46 (Adjusted prev- alence ratio: 3.46, 95 % CI: 1.68 - 7.14) times more likely to be non-adherent.

Conclusion: One in 10 MDR-TB patients treated at Mulago hospital is non-adherent to treatment. History of previous DR- TB treatment was significantly associated with non-adherence in this study. MDR-TB program should strengthen adherence counselling, strengthen DST surveillance, and close monitoring for previously treated DR-TB patients.

Keywords: Non-adherence; multi-drug resistant tuberculosis; treatment.
Role of miR-134 in angiotensin II-induced vascular cell pathological changes in atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Jing , Hu Qi , Zhang Bofang , Liu Xiaopei , Yang Shuo , Jiang Hong
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To investigate the role of miR-134 in vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction-related cardiovascular disease.

Methods: The effect of miR-134 was evaluated after human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were transfected with miR-134 mimics. The expression levels of p-Akt, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), cleaved caspase-3, p53, and β-actin were evaluated by immunoblotting. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling was used to measure cell apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species levels were assayed by fluorescence microscopy after staining with 2’,7’– dichlorofluorescein diacetate.

Results: Angiotensin II treatment induced miR-134 expression and Akt/mTOR activation, and inhibited cell viability in HASMCs (p < 0.01). Co-treatment with miRNA-134 reversed Ang II-induced HASMC dysfunction (p < 0.01). Overexpression of miR-134 is protective in Ang II-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Akt/mTOR pathway (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: MicroRNA-134 in HASMCs is a potential therapeutic target for preventing Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction via modulating Akt/mTOR pathway.
From Banks to Shanks: the history of employee awards for patented inventions under the Patents Act 1977
Authors: Johnson Phillip
Published: May 2021

The introduction of statutory awards for inventors in the Patents Act 1977 was highly controversial. Using original archival sources and parliamentary debates, the political battles that raged both in public and behind the scenes are explored. Central to the policy development was a report by a government-appointed Working Party; yet, until now, this report and its recommendations have not been published. The report represents a compromise agreement between representatives of both employers and employees. It was used by the government as the main defence of its policy. Using this report, and the contemporary political discussions, the small number of decisions of the comptroller and the courts will be examined to see if they reflect the balance struck by the Working Party, thereby providing a history of statutory employee awards in the United Kingdom as they have evolved over the last fifty years.
Sağlık Bilimleri Alanında Öğrenim Gören Lisans Öğrencilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: COŞKUN Anayit , VARIŞOĞLU Yeliz , UYGUR Ebru , GÜNEY Gamze , ŞAHİN Öykü
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma, sağlık alanında eğitim alan üniversite öğrencilerinin, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin algılarını belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı özellikteki araştırma Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da sağlık alanında eğitim veren bir vakıf üniversitesinin farklı fakültelerindeki 285 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Algı Ölçeği (TCAÖ)” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, frekans, yüzde, ortalama, değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması, 22.49±0.89 yıl, %76.1’i kadındır. %83.9’unun en uzun süre Marmara Bölgesinde yaşadığı, %92.6’sinin çekirdek aileye sahip ve %62.5’inin anne eğitim düzeyi en az lise mezunu olduğu saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin ölçekten aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması, 101.2±18.9 dir, en yüksek puan ortalaması (107.3±16.9) hemşirelik öğrencilere aittir. Ölçek puanı açısından fakülte ve bölümler arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sosyo-demografik özelliklerle TCAÖ puan ortalamaları arasında, cinsiyet açısından kadın öğrencilerin lehine ileri düzeyde anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. En uzun süre şehirde yaşama, çekirdek aileye sahip olma, annenin en az lise mezunu olması, orta ve iyi gelir düzeyine sahip olma durumlarında ölçek puan ortalaması, diğer parametrelerden yüksek olmasına rağmen aralarında anlamlılık düzeyine varan bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin toplumsal cinsiyet algısı olumlu bulunmuştur.
Enzymes at a glance
Authors: Jiménez-Muñoz Edith , Montiel-Hernández Justo Fabián , Peón Alberto N.
Published: May 2021

Enzymes are found in nature as part of living systems and perform essential functions for nature. Enzyme technology is an interdisciplinary field recognized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as an important component of industrial development. Processes involving industrial processes, pharmaceutical development and discovery, as well as genetic engineering.
On Waring's Problem: $g(4)\leq20.$
Authors: Balasubramanian R
Published: May 2021

Refining some of the methods used by C. J. Chen in showing that $g(5)=37$, and taking advantage of the numerical computations of Thomas who showed that $g(4)\leq22$, we prove in this paper that $g(4)\leq20$.
Congruences modulo powers of 5 for the rank parity function
Authors: Chen Dandan , Chen Rong , Garvan Frank
Published: May 2021

It is well known that Ramanujan conjectured congruences modulo powers of 5, 7 and 11 for the partition function. These were subsequently proved by Watson (1938) and Atkin (1967). In 2009 Choi, Kang, and Lovejoy proved congruences modulo powers of 5 for the crank parity function. The generating function for the rank parity function is f (q), which is the first example of a mock theta function that Ramanujan mentioned in his last letter to Hardy. We prove congruences modulo powers of 5 for the rank parity function.
Rancang Bangun Modul Praktikum Penggunaan Bipolar Junction Transistor Sebagai Sakelar Berbasis Arduino Mega
Authors: Kusuma Zeka Wijaya , Pradana Sunu , Kurniawan Abdul Hamid
Published: May 2021

Abstrak- BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) sebagai sakelar adalah salah satu pokok bahasan pada mata kuliah elektronika daya dan membutuhkan modul praktikum sebagai media dalam proses pembelajarannya. Modul praktikum yang sudah ada  relatif kompleks sehingga penulis membuat rancang bangun yang lebih sederhana sehingga mudah untuk diperbaiki saat terjadi kerusakan serta komponen penggantinya mudah untuk ditemukan. BJT dapat berfungsi sebagai sakelar dengan memanfaatkan dua modenya yaitu saturation dan cut off. Pada perancangan modul, penyakelaran dikendalikan oleh Arduino Mega dengan sinyal PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) pada terminal basis, baik BJT  NPN maupun BJT  PNP. Berdasarkan  pengujian  saat cut off untuk BJT NPN dan BJT PNP pada beban  resistor  maupun resistor dengan induktor, nilai tegangan beban  0 V dan arus beban 0,003 A. sedangkan saat saturation pada beban resistor untuk BJT NPN, nilai tegangan beban 11,45 V dan arus beban 0,572 A dan BJT PNP, nilai tegangan beban 11,45 V dan arus beban 0,573 A. pada beban resistor dengan induktor untuk BJT NPN, nilai tegangan beban 11,81 V dan arus beban 0,122 A dan BJT PNP, nilai tegangan beban 11,79 V dan arus beban 0,121 A.
Rancang Bangun Automatic Transfer Switch Pada Sistem Charging Baterai Berbasis Kontrol PI
Authors: Zaidan Muhammad Irfan , Purwanto Era , Nugraha Syechu Dwitya
Published: May 2021

Abstrak- Seiring meningkatnya kendaraan bermotor yang memerlukan bahan bakar minyak menyebabkan terbatasnya bahan bakar minyak sebagai sumber daya alam yang tidak dapat diperbaharui. Disisi lain, banyak pencemaran udara yang terjadi di Indonesia akibat dari reaksi pembakaran bahan bakar minyak tidak sempurna yang menyebabkan adanya hasil emisi berupa gas karbon. Penggerak dari kendaraan roda tiga elektrik adalah menggunakan motor induksi 3 phasa. Metode yang umum digunakan untuk mengendalikan kecepatan motor AC adalah mengubah tegangan output dari converter dengan cara mengubah PWM dari mikrokontroller. Pada alat ini menggunakan mikrokontroller ARM STM32F407VG untuk charging dan control motor menggunakan metode PI pada Multilevel boost converter agar nilai tegangan keluaran sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Sistem pengaturan kecepatan motor ac menggunakan pengendali logika PI controller, masukan (error kecepatan dan set point) akan diproses guna mendapatkan nilai duty cycle sinyal PWM, nilai inilah yang digunakan sebagai acuan pembangkit PWM. Duty Cycle dari Pulse Widht Modulation (PWM) maksimal yang dikeluarkan adalah bernilai 46,6% sehingga nilai tegangan keluaran yang dihasilkan 537 V saat tegangan masukan 96 V
Pengembangan Sugeno Fuzzy Model Dalam Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor Induksi Tiga Fasa Menggunakan V/F Scalar Control
Authors: Muntashir Abdillah Aziz , Purwanto Era , Nugraha Syechu Dwitya
Published: May 2021

Motor induksi 3 fasa merupakan motor arus bolak balik yang banyak penggunaannya dalam dunia industri. Motor induksi 3 fasa memiliki beberapa kelemahan, salah satu memiliki karakteristik parameter yang tidak linier sehingga tidak dapat mempertahankan kecepatannya secara konstan bila terjadi perubahan beban. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut digunakanlah suatu rangkaian kontrol logika fuzzy dengan menggunakan sugeno fuzzy models. Dengan adanya pengontrol tersebut diharapkan pengaturan kecepatan motor induksi dapat steady state sesuai yang diinginkan meskipun dengan perubahan nilai beban. Inverter 3 fasa yang dipakai menggunakan metode Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM). Dalam mengoptimalkan pengaturan kecepatan motor induksi 3 fasa digunakanlah scalar control atau biasa disebut juga kontrol tegangan/frekuensi (v/f). Penggunaan scalar control dengan memaksa motor memiliki hubungan yang konstan antara tegangan dan frekuensi mampu menjaga besarnya fluks dan nilai torsi maksimum tetap konstan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan  bahwa dengan menggunakan sugeno fuzzy model, dapat mempercepat respon kecepatan motor induksi 3 fasa menuju keadaan steady state, dengan nilai settling time (ts) dari 0.46 detik menjadi 0.285 detik dengan error steady state sebesar 0% saat set point 1200 RPM.
Diyarbakır İli Süt Sığırı Yetiştiriciliğinin Sıcaklık- Nem İndeksi Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇELİK Romedi
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışma, Diyarbakır ilinin ilçelerine ait sıcaklık nem indekslerini (SNİ) hesaplayarak ısı stresinin süt kayıpları üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmek maksadıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri setini Meteoroloji 15. Bölge Müdürlüğünden temin edilen Diyarbakır ilinin 12 ilçesine ait 1999-2019 yılları arasındaki meteorolojik veriler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada, ilin çoğu ilçelerine ait Haziran-Eylül ayları arasındaki SNİ değerleri, SNİ değerinin alansal dağılımı, inek başına günlük süt kayıpları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada, SNİ değerlerinin eşik değerleri aştığı ay ve ilçeler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, yüksek SNİ değerlerine bağlı olarak oluşan, inek başına günlük süt kaybının en yüksek olduğu ilçeler Ergani, Çermik ve Silvan sırasıyla 9,56kg, 7,45kg ve 6,40kg; en düşük gerçekleştiği ilçeler ise Çınar, Çüngüş ve Lice sırasıyla 1,76kg, 1,88kg ve 2,26kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ağustos ayı süt kayıpları için en yüksek gerçekleştiği ilçeler olarak Ergani, Silvan ve Çermik sırasıyla 8,94kg, 8,10kg ve 6,5kg; en düşük gerçekleştiği ilçeler ise Çınar, Bismil ve Çüngüş sırasıyla 1,93kg, 2,18kg ve 2,45kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Diyarbakır süt işletmelerinde, özellikle Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarında, ısı stresi nedeniyle önemli süt verim kayıplarının yaşandığı belirlenmiştir. Isı stresi ve süt kaybını önlemek için yüksek çevre sıcaklığının olduğu dönemlerde bakım-yönetim uygulamalarının iyileştirilmesi faydalı olacaktır.
Konya Yeşil Peynirlerinin Biyojenik Amin İçerikleri ile Bazı Fizikokimyasal ve Mikrobiyolojik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TELLİ Nihat
Published: May 2021

Üretimlerinde fermentasyon aşaması bulunan ve tüketime kadarki süreçte mikroorganizma kontaminasyonu oluşan gıdalarda biyojenik amin varlığından söz edilebilmektedir. Bu bakımdan peynirler, birçok faktörün etkisiyle biyojenik amin kaynaklı toksisiteden sorumlu başlıca gıdalar arasında yer alırlar. Araştırmada, Konya ilinde satışa sunulan Yeşil peynirlerin biyojenik amin içerikleri ile bazı fizikokimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri değerlendirildi. Araştırma materyali olarak piyasadan temin edilen 50 adet Konya Yeşil peyniri örneği kullanıldı. Örneklerde toplam biyojenik amin ortalamaları 457.45±122.23 mg/kg olarak tespit edilirken spermidin ve spermin varlığı saptanmadı. Varlığı tespit edilen biyojenik aminler olan tiramin (50/50), histamin (50/50), kadaverin (44/50), putresin (39/50), triptamin (32/50) ve feniletilamin (24/50) için ortalama değerler sırasıyla; 229.41±95.63, 148.21±55.52, 45.34±29.52, 29.03±27.24, 3.14±2.70 ve 2.30±2.37 mg/kg olarak bulundu. Baskın türler olan tiramin ve histamin miktarlarının toplam biyojenik amin ortalamalarının ~%82’sini oluşturduğu gözlemlendi. Fizikokimyasal analizlerde örnekler ortalamalarının kuru madde için %53.57±2.69; tuz için %5.82±0.81, asitlik (L.A cinsinden) için %1.13±0.18, pH için 6.21±0.37 ve aw için 0.948±0.01 olduğu belirlendi. L değerlerinin 66.43 ile 83.11, a parametresinin -4.54 ile -2.59 ve b parametresinin de 11.44 ile 20.62 arasında değiştiği saptandı. TMAB, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus ve Lactococcus için ortalama değerler 7.44±0.58, 6.47±0.26 ve 7.09±0.40 log KOB/g düzeylerindeydi. Bu çalışma, çiğ sütten üretilen Konya Yeşil peynirinin biyojenik amin konsantrasyonlarının ve satış noktalarında biyojenik amin oluşumuna neden olabilecek faktörlerin izlenmesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle baskın biyojenik amin türleri göz önüne alındığında Yeşil peynir üretim hattı, depolama, sevkiyat ve satış yerlerinde asgari hijyenik koşulların oluşturulmasının tüketici sağlığının korunması bakımından önem arz ettiği düşünülmektedir.
Újabb megaregionális szabadkereskedelmi egyezmény: az Átfogó Regionális Gazdasági Partnerség (RCEP)
Authors: Csáki György
Published: May 2021

A tanulmány célja a közelmúltban aláírt Regionális Átfogó Gazdasági Partnerség- (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership – RCEP) egyezmény bemutatása és elemzése. A tágan értelmezett előzmények között röviden ismerteti a Transzatlanti Kereskedelmi és Befektetési Partnerség (Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership – TTIP), a Transz-csendes-óceáni Partnerség (Trans-Pacific Partnership – TPP) és az Átfogó és Előremutató Csendes-óceáni Partnerség (Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership – CPTPP) létrejöttének körülményeit is. Ezek a törekvések elválaszthatatlanok attól a ténytől, hogy a Kereskedelmi Világszervezet (World Trade Organization – WTO) 1995. évi megalapítása óta képtelen volt bármilyen fontos sokoldalú megállapodás elérésére, a Vitarendezési Testület tagjainak elmaradt jelölése következtében immár teljesen működésképtelenné vált. Az RCEP (a CPTPP-vel együtt) Ázsia és a csendes-óceáni térség további felértékelődését, ugyanakkor az USA befolyásának gyengülését jelzi a régióban.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA TEORIA DE SCHUTZ PARA A TERAPIA FAMILIAR
Authors: Santana Claudio Manoel Luiz de , Domingos Luiz Fabio , Monteiro Campos Luis Antonio , Zanatta Cleia , Cordeiro Telles Luciana
Published: May 2021

A partir do método descritivo, este trabalho procura demonstrar o contributo da Teoria das Necessidades Interpessoais de Schutz para a Terapia Familiar, procurando evidenciar a dinâmica dos grupos e das famílias, principalmente diante das questões problemáticas e das realidades existenciais aí contidas. Neste sentido, buscou-se corroborar para o desempenho desse estudo, explorando as concepções acerca das Necessidades Interpessoais (Inclusão, Controle e Afeição) que podem auxiliar no processo de acompanhamento das famílias e encontrar respostas para os obstáculos que possam ser identificados. Para tanto, objetiva-se delinear as inter-relações desses conteúdos, tendo em vista a percepção do impacto sobre a Terapia Familiar e identificando a dinâmica deste grupo. Esse artigo procurou contribuir e propor futuras pesquisas que desenvolvam temas sobre Terapia Familiar, aprofundando este conhecimento e explicitando possibilidades e contributos, destes referenciais teóricos, para o auxílio dos grupos familiares.

 

Palavras-chave: Necessidades Interpessoais, Terapia Familiar, Família e Grupos
Gender dan Ekonomi di Papua Barat
Authors: Syalviana Evie , Syahrul Syahrul
Published: May 2021

The role of Kokoda's woman in West Papua is very significant for helping the family economy. This paper attempts to explain and understand the role of Kokoda women in helping the needs of their families in Sorong City, West Papua. Using a qualitative approach, the writer tries to find data and facts in the field through observation and interview. So, the problems discussed in this paper are in accordance with the expected targets. The author found that Kokoda womens are one of Indonesian women as hard worker. They able to take on a dual role as wives and work outside the home, to help their husbands to fulfill their daily needs
CHEMICAL QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS FOR THE CADETS, GRAMMAR-SCHOOL BOYS AND REALISTS IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA
Authors: Teleshov Sergey
Published: May 2021

Studying questions of application of various tutorials in practice of work of the school teacher of chemistry, we have addressed to educational texts XIX – beginnings ХХ centuries It is translation both original textbooks and books of problems not only in chemistry, but also on the physics. The matter is that the independent subject "chemistry" existed no more than in 25 % of average educational institutions of the Russian empire. For this reason chemical data inevitably joined in physics textbooks. Still in the end of XYIII centuries P.Gilarovsky, the professor of the Petersburg teacher's seminary, in the preface to his textbook of physics has noticed that it "has added" data from chemistry as it is necessary for the physicist.
There upon by us have been considered over 200 textbooks and books of problems of physics and chemistry which found application in various types of average educational institutions of Russia. The most interesting are chosen from them 40 in the methodical plan and questions and problems which were offered in these texts to pupils are considered.
The file of educational texts studied by us allows, on the one hand, when also what questions and settlement problems in chemistry have appeared in high school. Simultaneously we enrich a modern technique of training by those approaches and receptions which were applied by our predecessors since problems simultaneously are both tutorial and a training method. Possibility to estimate use of the mathematic device by the schoolboys who have passed a course more hundred fifty years ago is useful also. Comparison, by the way, unfortunately, is obvious not in our advantage.
Key words: tutorials, history of a technique of training, settlement problems.
La difusión de las políticas de cannabis medicinal en América Latina (2015-2017)
Authors: Labiano Virginia I.
Published: May 2021

Entre 2015 y 2017, ocho países de América Latina y el Caribe legislaron sobre cannabis medicinal: Argentina, Chile, Perú, Paraguay, Colombia, México, Jamaica y Puerto Rico. Este proceso regulatorio se produce dos décadas más tarde que la ley pionera en la materia, la dispuesta en 1992 por Israel. Asimismo, se observan varias similitudes en el contenido de estas leyes. En el presente trabajo se plantea que las políticas de cannabis medicinal se muestran como un caso de difusión en el cual operan dos mecanismos reconocidos por la literatura: imitación normativa y competencia. El propósito del artículo es realizar una primera aproximación a este objeto, a fin de aportar a la literatura sobre adopción de políticas de cannabis medicinal, la cual es escasa a nivel mundial y casi inexistente para América Latina. Después de describir el contexto regional en el que ocurrieron las leyes, se presenta el marco teórico de la difusión internacional de políticas y la metodología de la cual se valió la investigación. Luego se desarrolla el análisis de los casos para examinar la presencia o ausencia de los mecanismos de difusión. En el último apartado se realiza una reflexión en torno a las políticas de cannabis medicinal en América Latina.
Don’t feed the trolls?
Authors: Coatney Caryn
Published: May 2021

This study applies the concepts of interpretive communities and conversational interactions to show how investigative journalists initiated a relatively new method of reporting and generated support among their colleagues for becoming anti-Nazi activists and troll hunters. It draws on a sample of journalistic reporting and related media items to examine investigative reporters’ self-reflexive acts and the responses of journalism communities in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States from 2015 to 2020. Investigative journalists initiated open conversations to show that they were enthusiastic activists in retweeting, confronting and quoting neo-Nazi trolling by interviewing the perpetrators. Other journalism communities signified they were pursuing activist-like agendas as they magnified this work through informal networks, social media and news commentaries. Journalists reconsidered their professional boundaries to allow for cooperative conversations about their experiences in a fresh effort to denounce hate speech and begin collective initiatives to enhance social cohesion in civil society.
On ‘being Australian’: Korean migrants in ‘post-multicultural’ Australia.
Authors: Phillips Ruth
Published: May 2021

This paper reports on the findings of research into what Korean Australians thought about the process of ‘becoming and being Australian’, drawing on measures of social cohesion and ‘Australianness’. The aim of the research was to find out what Korean Australian migrants valued or were uncomfortable with in relation to multiculturalism and processes of ‘being Australian’, or conformation with ‘Australianness’. Based on in-depth interviews with ten and a survey of 153 members of the Korean migrant community in Sydney, data indicated that social activities and self-perception of identity effectively continue to reflect past Australian policy settings that recognised the importance of multiculturalism as both a community-based policy framework as well as a national social policy. The study found participants highly valued Korean identity, language and community and that bonds to the Korean community, limited English language competency and experiences of racism reinforced the importance of settling into a society that valued multiculturalism.
DETECTING WORMHOLE ATTACKS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: Zhukabayeva T.K., Mardenov E.M.,PhD
Published: May 2021

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), consisting of wireless sensors and control devices and methods of self-organization using intelligent algorithms, demonstrate broad prospects. WSNs are subject to numerous types of threats and attacks. One of which is a wormhole attack. This article provides an overview of wormhole attack detection methods in WSN, as well as a new optimized method for detecting this attack. The detection method is based on the removal of the edges of the wormhole and causes significant changes in the length of the shortest paths between network nodes.The accuracy of the proposed algorithm is not affected by the number of wormholes
РАЗРАБОТКА АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ БЕССТРЕССОВОГО ВЗВЕШИВАНИЯ ИДЕНТИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ
Authors: А.Б.Мирманов,А.С.Алимбаев,С.Б.Байгуаныс  , Н.К. Набиев, А.С. Шарипов, А.С.Кокчолоков, Карателли
Published: May 2021

Автоматизированные системы и вычислительные методы, направленные на повышение производительности, всё больше находят свое применение в животноводстве. В статье представлена система бесстрессового взвешивания крупного рогатого скота, опознаваемого с помощью ультравысокочастотной идентификации. Предложена новая конструкция весов, представляющая собой специальную платформу для определения массы тела животного по давлению только передних копыт. Проведено статистическое моделирование деформации конструкции. Представлены аппаратные и программные элементы системы, которая определяет неполный вес, время посещения и продолжительность нахождения у поилки. Выполнено моделирование беспроводного канала UHF FRID для определения оптимального угла размещения антенны считывателя. Разработан двухпотоковый алгоритм работы весовой платформы. Для организации опытов на молочной ферме были установлены две весовые платформы. Получены предварительные результаты по динамике привеса идентифицированного животного. Предлагаемая система относится к аграрному Интернету вещей, и будет полезна фермерам для оценки индивидуальной производительности животных.
Proposição de implementação do city manager nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Wendt Mischiatti João Augusto , Catapan Anderson
Published: May 2021

Atualmente, na realidade brasileira, muitos municípios enfrentam dificuldades para implementar uma gestão eficiente e diminuir os índices de corrupção. Essa constatação motivou a busca por um novo modelo de governo e gestão a ser analisado. Logo, o objetivo deste livro é propor a utilização do city manager nas prefeituras municipais brasileiras, sendo suas funções adaptadas ao contexto e realidade do país. Inicialmente, procede-se com uma análise bibliográfica e documental realizada para subsidiar o desenvolvimento da proposta de estudo. Assim, para tal, foram analisados artigos e legislações internacionais relativas ao city manager. A etapa qualitativa foi operacionalizada por meio de uma análise bibliométrica e documental. A fim de concretizar o estudo bibliométrico buscaram-se periódicos nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO, utilizando como palavra-chave o termo “City Manager”. Da mesma forma, foram realizadas buscas em legislações e contratos atinentes ao cargo de City Manager. Posteriormente à coleta de informações, os resultados obtidos foram interpretados com a utilização da técnica análise de conteúdo. Dentre os resultados apresentados, destaca-se a sugestão da proposta de Lei no que tange à implementação do city manager nas prefeituras brasileiras. Tal proposta foi elaborada posteriormente à análise de diversas legislações americanas e artigos científicos ilustrando os principais pontos em comum e importantes sobre o tema. Cabe ressaltar que para propor esta legislação foi necessário adaptar o cargo às exigências e características dispostas na legislação brasileira.
Improved representation of the global dust cycle using observational constraints on dust properties and abundance
Authors: Kok Jasper F. , Adebiyi Adeyemi A. , Albani Samuel , Balkanski Yves , Checa-Garcia Ramiro , Chin Mian , Colarco Peter R. , Hamilton Douglas S. , Huang Yue , Ito Akinori , Klose Martina , Leung Danny M. , Li Longlei , Mahowald Natalie M. , Miller Ron L. , Obiso Vincenzo , Pérez García-Pando Carlos , Rocha-Lima Adriana , Wan Jessica S. , Whicker Chloe A.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Even though desert dust is the most abundant aerosol by
mass in Earth's atmosphere, atmospheric models struggle to accurately
represent its spatial and temporal distribution. These model errors are
partially caused by fundamental difficulties in simulating dust emission in
coarse-resolution models and in accurately representing dust microphysical
properties. Here we mitigate these problems by developing a new methodology
that yields an improved representation of the global dust cycle. We present
an analytical framework that uses inverse modeling to integrate an ensemble
of global model simulations with observational constraints on the dust size
distribution, extinction efficiency, and regional dust aerosol optical
depth. We then compare the inverse model results against independent
measurements of dust surface concentration and deposition flux and find that
errors are reduced by approximately a factor of 2 relative to current
model simulations of the Northern Hemisphere dust cycle. The inverse model
results show smaller improvements in the less dusty Southern Hemisphere,
most likely because both the model simulations and the observational
constraints used in the inverse model are less accurate. On a global basis,
we find that the emission flux of dust with a geometric diameter up to 20 µm (PM20) is approximately 5000 Tg yr−1, which is greater than most
models account for. This larger PM20 dust flux is needed to match
observational constraints showing a large atmospheric loading of coarse
dust. We obtain gridded datasets of dust emission, vertically integrated
loading, dust aerosol optical depth, (surface) concentration, and wet and
dry deposition fluxes that are resolved by season and particle size. As our
results indicate that this dataset is more accurate than current model
simulations and the MERRA-2 dust reanalysis product, it can be used to
improve quantifications of dust impacts on the Earth system.
Central role of nitric oxide in ozone production in the upper tropical troposphere over the Atlantic Ocean and western Africa
Authors: Tadic Ivan , Nussbaumer Clara M. , Bohn Birger , Harder Hartwig , Marno Daniel , Martinez Monica , Obersteiner Florian , Parchatka Uwe , Pozzer Andrea , Rohloff Roland , Zöger Martin , Lelieveld Jos , Fischer Horst
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Mechanisms of tropospheric ozone (O3) formation are generally well understood. However, studies reporting on net ozone production rates (NOPRs) directly derived from in situ observations are challenging and are sparse in number. To analyze the role of nitric oxide (NO) in net ozone production in the upper tropical troposphere above the Atlantic Ocean and western Africa, we present in situ trace gas observations obtained during the CAFE-Africa (Chemistry of the Atmosphere: Field Experiment in Africa) campaign in August and September 2018. The vertical profile of in situ measured NO along the flight tracks reveals lowest NO mixing ratios of less than 20 pptv between 2 and 8 km altitude and highest mixing ratios of 0.15–0.2 ppbv above 12 km altitude. Spatial distribution of tropospheric NO above 12 km altitude shows that the sporadically enhanced local mixing ratios (>0.4 ppbv) occur over western Africa, which we attribute to episodic lightning events. Measured O3 shows little variability in mixing ratios at 60–70 ppbv, with slightly decreasing and increasing tendencies towards the boundary layer and stratosphere, respectively. Concurrent measurements of CO, CH4, OH, HO2 and H2O enable calculations of NOPRs along the flight tracks and reveal net ozone destruction at −0.6 to −0.2 ppbv h−1 below 6 km altitude and balance of production and destruction around 7–8 km altitude. We report vertical average NOPRs of 0.2–0.4 ppbv h−1 above 12 km altitude with NOPRs occasionally larger than 0.5 ppbv h−1 over western Africa coincident with enhanced NO. We compare the observational results to simulated data retrieved from the general circulation model ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC). Although the comparison of mean vertical profiles of NO and O3 indicates good agreement, local deviations between measured and modeled NO are substantial. The vertical tendencies in NOPRs calculated from simulated data largely reproduce those from in situ experimental data. However, the simulation results do not agree well with NOPRs over western Africa. Both measurements and simulations indicate that ozone formation in the upper tropical troposphere is NOx limited.
Pollution trace gases C2H6, C2H2, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations
Authors: Wetzel Gerald , Friedl-Vallon Felix , Glatthor Norbert , Grooß Jens-Uwe , Gulde Thomas , Höpfner Michael , Johansson Sören , Khosrawi Farahnaz , Kirner Oliver , Kleinert Anne , Kretschmer Erik , Maucher Guido , Nordmeyer Hans , Oelhaf Hermann , Orphal Johannes , Piesch Christof , Sinnhuber Björn-Martin , Ungermann Jörn , Vogel Bärbel
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Measurements of the pollution trace gases ethane (C2H6), ethyne
(C2H2), formic acid (HCOOH), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) were
performed in the North Atlantic upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere
(UTLS) region with the airborne limb imager GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer
for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) with high spatial resolution down to
cloud top. Observations were made during flights with the German research
aircraft HALO (High Altitude and LOng Range Research Aircraft) in the frame
of the WISE (Wave-driven ISentropic Exchange) campaign, which was carried
out in autumn 2017 from Shannon (Ireland) and Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany).
Enhanced volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of up to 2.2 ppbv C2H6, 0.2
ppbv C2H2, 0.9 ppbv HCOOH, and 0.4 ppbv PAN were detected during
the flight on 13 September 2017 in the upper troposphere and around the
tropopause above the British Isles. Elevated quantities of PAN were measured
even in the lowermost stratosphere (locally up to 14 km), likely reflecting
the fact that this molecule has the longest lifetime of the four species
discussed herein. Backward trajectory calculations as well as global
three-dimensional Chemical
Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) simulations with artificial tracers of air mass
origin have shown that the main sources of the observed pollutant species
are forest fires in North America and anthropogenic pollution in South Asia and
Southeast Asia uplifted and moved within the Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA)
circulation system. After release from the AMA, these species or their
precursor substances are transported by strong tropospheric winds over large
distances, depending on their particular atmospheric lifetime of up to
months. Observations are compared to simulations with the atmospheric models
EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) and CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere
Monitoring Service). These models are qualitatively able to reproduce the
measured VMR enhancements but underestimate the absolute amount of the
increase. Increasing the emissions in EMAC by a factor of 2 reduces the
disagreement between simulated and measured results and illustrates the
importance of the quality of emission databases used in chemical models.
Testing the altitude attribution and vertical resolution of AirCore measurements with a new spiking method
Authors: Wagenhäuser Thomas , Engel Andreas , Sitals Robert
Published: May 2021

Abstract. AirCore samplers have been increasingly used to capture vertical
profiles of trace gases reaching from the ground up to about 30 km, in order
to validate remote sensing instruments and to investigate transport
processes in the stratosphere. When deployed to a weather balloon,
accurately attributing the trace gas measurements to the sampling altitudes
is nontrivial, especially in the stratosphere. In this paper we present the
CO-spiking experiment, which can be deployed to any AirCore on any platform
in order to evaluate different computational altitude attribution processes
and to experimentally derive the vertical resolution of the profile by
injecting small volumes of signal gas at predefined GPS altitudes during
sampling. We performed two CO-spiking flights with an AirCore from the
Goethe University Frankfurt (GUF) deployed to a weather balloon in
Traînou, France, in June 2019. The altitude retrieval based on an
instantaneous pressure equilibrium assumption slightly overestimates the
sampling altitudes, especially at the top of the profiles. For these two
flights our altitude attribution is accurate within 250 m below 20 km. Above
20 km the positive bias becomes larger and reaches up to 1.2 km at 27 km
altitude. Differences in descent velocities are shown to have a major impact
on the altitude attribution bias. We parameterize the time lag between the
theoretically attributed altitude and the actual CO-spike release altitude
for both flights together and use it to empirically correct our AirCore
altitude retrieval. Regarding the corrected profiles, the altitude
attribution is accurate within ±120 m throughout the profile. Further
investigations are needed in order to test for the scope of validity of this
correction parameter regarding different ambient conditions and maximum
flight altitudes. We derive the vertical resolution from the CO spikes of
both flights and compare it to the modeled vertical resolution. The
modeled vertical resolution is too optimistic compared to the
experimentally derived resolution throughout the profile, albeit agreeing
within 220 m. All our findings derived from the two CO-spiking flights are
strictly bound to the GUF AirCore dimensions. The newly introduced
CO-spiking experiment can be used to test different combinations of AirCore
configurations and platforms in future studies.
Internal consistency of the IAGOS ozone and carbon monoxide measurements for the last 25 years
Authors: Blot Romain , Nedelec Philippe , Boulanger Damien , Wolff Pawel , Sauvage Bastien , Cousin Jean-Marc , Athier Gilles , Zahn Andreas , Obersteiner Florian , Scharffe Dieter , Petetin Hervé , Bennouna Yasmine , Clark Hannah , Thouret Valérie
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) is a European research infrastructure that equips the Airbus A340/330 with a system for monitoring atmospheric composition. The IAGOS instruments have three different configurations: IAGOS-Core, IAGOS – Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus In Service Aircraft (IAGOS-MOZAIC) and IAGOS – Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container (IAGOS-CARIBIC). Since 1994, there have been a total of 17 aircraft equipped. In this study, we perform an intercomparison of about 8000 landing and takeoff profiles to compare the O3 and CO measurements performed from these different configurations. The collocated profiles used in the study met various selection criteria. The first was a maximal 1 h time difference between an ascent or descent by two different aircraft at the same airport and the second was a selection based on the similarity of air masses based on the meteorological data acquired by the aircraft. We provide here an evaluation of the internal consistency of the O3 and CO measurements since 1994. For both O3 and CO, we find no drift in the bias amongst the different instrument units (six O3 and six CO IAGOS-MOZAIC instruments, nine IAGOS-Core Package1 and the two instruments used in the IAGOS-CARIBIC aircraft). This result gives us confidence that the entire IAGOS database can be treated as one continuous program and is therefore appropriate for studies of long-term trends.