bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy planning in Sub-Saharan African countries needs to explicitly consider productive uses of electricity
Authors: Dagnachew Anteneh G. , Choi Su-Min , Falchetta Giacomo
Published: August 2023

Studies show the role of various electrification technologies in providing electricity access to households in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on electricity demand for end-use services such as lighting, cooking, heating, cooling and other appliance use. The demand for productive use of electricity, which is important to enhance income generation opportunities and labour productivity, is usually not considered. Using the IMAGE-TIMER integrated assessment model framework, we present a methodology to project the impact of productive activities on the electricity system of the region. We show that growing productive activities increase household electricity demand by half, which has important consequences for determining the cost-optimal electrification technologies. We argue that planning of electricity systems should accommodate this increase in electricity demand for productive uses. In addition, while productive uses of electricity have a positive impact on the financial viability of electrification systems, they also increase the electricity sector investment requirements considerably.
Polyelectrolyte membranes based on phosphorylated-PVA/cellulose acetate for direct methanol fuel cell applications: synthesis, instrumental characterization, and performance testing
Authors: Khalaf Mahmoud , Saeed Ahmed M. , Ali Ahmed I. , Kamoun Elbadawy A. , Fahmy Alaa
Published: August 2023

Designing and synthesis of cost-effective and improved methanol permeable and proton conductive membranes are the main challenges for preparation of polymeric electrolyte membrane (PEM). Herein, a cost-effective PEM membrane based on phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-grafted-cellulose acetate (CA) was prepared by a solution-casting technique. Water and methanol uptakes of phosphorylated PVA/CA membranes were characterized as function with the molar ratio of CA. Additionally, structure and morphology of phosphorylated PVA/CA (Ph-PVA/CA) membranes were verified by FT-IR analysis, SEM investigation. Furthermore, ion exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity and methanol permeation of Ph-PVA/CA membranes were examined based on the concentration of OPA basically. The results manifested a perceptible improvement in proton conductivity from 0.035 to 0.05 S/cm at 25 and 70 °C, respectively using 600 μL of OPA, and IEC of 2.1 meq/g using 400 μL of OPA at ambient temperature. On the other hand, methanol permeability (P = 1.08 × 10–10 cm2/s) was lower than Nafion 117 admirably. The optimum OPA concentration was 200 μL according to conductivity measurements (at 10% PVA, 150 μL GA, and CA 7%). Finally, prepared Ph-PVA/CA membranes exhibited enhancement in critical natures such as proton conductivity and IEC combined with its low-cost materials, which make them excellent candidate as PEM for DMFCs application.
Altered oculomotor flexibility is linked to high autistic traits
Authors: Pomè Antonella , Tyralla Sandra , Zimmermann Eckart
Published: August 2023

Autism is a multifaced disorder comprising sensory abnormalities and a general inflexibility in the motor domain. The sensorimotor system is continuously challenged to answer whether motion-contingent errors result from own movements or whether they are due to external motion. Disturbances in this decision could lead to the perception of motion when there is none and to an inflexibility with regard to motor learning. Here, we test the hypothesis that altered processing of gaze-contingent sensations are responsible for both the motor inflexibility and the sensory overload in autism. We measured motor flexibility by testing how strong participants adapted in a classical saccade adaptation task. We asked healthy participants, scored for autistic traits, to make saccades to a target that was displaced either in inward or in outward direction during saccade execution. The amount of saccade adaptation, that requires to shift the internal target representation, varied with the autistic symptom severity. The higher participants scored for autistic traits, the less they adapted. In order to test for visual stability, we asked participants to localize the position of the saccade target after they completed their saccade. We found the often-reported saccade-induced mis-localization in low Autistic Quotient (AQ) participants. However, we also found mislocalization in high AQ participants despite the absence of saccade adaptation. Our data suggest that high autistic traits are associated with an oculomotor inflexibility that might produce altered processing of trans-saccadic vision which might increase the perceptual overstimulation that is experienced in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Alternating capture of attention by multiple visual working memory representations
Authors: Zhang Lunbo , Yamada Yuki
Published: August 2023

Can we look for multiple objects simultaneously? Previous studies have proposed that the representation of an item in visual working memory (VWM) can bias the deployment of attention to memory-matching items in visual search. However, it is still controversial whether multiple VWM item representations are able to capture attention. In the present study, we adopted an eye-tracking technique to reveal this issue. In Experiment 1, we replicated Chen and Du’s Experiment 2 and adopted an eye-tracking technique to determine whether multiple VWM item representations are able to bias attention. In Chen and Du’s paradigm, the memory test was always followed by the search test, and the participants might intentionally prepare for the search task, which can affect the results of the research. Thus, in Experiment 2, we prevented participants from predicting the temporal occurrence of the visual search task by randomly conducting a search test or a memory test after memoranda. The findings of the present study suggested that only one working memory item at a time influences attention and multiple working memory items may affect attention through alternation.

Protocol registration

The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on September 5, 2022. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BE529.
Investigating two consecutive catastrophic breeding seasons in a large king penguin colony
Authors: Brisson-Curadeau Émile , Scheffer Annette , Trathan Phil , Roquet Fabien , Cotté Cédric , Delord Karine , Barbraud Christophe , Elliott Kyle , Bost Charles-André
Published: August 2023

Large-scale breeding failures, such as offspring die-offs, can disproportionately impact wildlife populations that are characterized by a few large colonies. However, breeding monitoring—and thus investigations of such die-offs—is especially challenging in species with long reproductive cycles. We investigate two unresolved dramatic breeding failures that occurred in consecutive years (2009 and 2010) in a large king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus colony, a long-lived species with a breeding cycle lasting over a year. Here we found that a single period, winter 2009, was likely responsible for the occurrence of breeding anomalies during both breeding seasons, suggesting that adults experienced poor foraging conditions at sea at that time. Following that unfavorable winter, the 2009 breeding cohort—who were entering the late stage of chick-rearing—immediately experienced high chick mortality. Meanwhile, the 2010 breeding cohort greatly delayed their arrival and egg laying, which would have otherwise started not long after the winter. The 2010 breeding season continued to display anomalies during the incubation and chick-rearing period, such as high abandonment rate, long foraging trips and eventually the death of all chicks in winter 2010. These anomalies could have resulted from either a domino-effect caused by the delayed laying, the continuation of poor foraging conditions, or both. This study provides an example of a large-scale catastrophic breeding failure and highlights the importance of the winter period on phenology and reproduction success for wildlife that breed in few large colonies.
Evaluation of long-term immunity and protection against T. gondii after immunization with multivalent recombinant chimeric T. gondii proteins
Authors: Chyb Maciej , Dziadek Bożena , Dzitko Katarzyna , Ferra Bartłomiej Tomasz , Kawka Malwina , Holec-Gąsior Lucyna , Gatkowska Justyna
Published: August 2023

Toxoplasmosis caused by the opportunistic, cosmopolitan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasitoses in the world. Although it may prove dangerous or even fatal for immunocompromised individuals, immunoprophylaxis for humans is still nonexistent. Thus, the aim of the current work was to assess the ability of two immunogenic recombinant chimeric T. gondii proteins, SAG2-GRA1-ROP1 (SGR) and SAG1-MIC1-MAG1-GRA2 (SMMG), selected in previous experiments to induce long-lasting immunity when administered with a safe adjuvant. Thus, the determination of immunological parameters and parasite challenge were performed both two weeks after the last boost injection and 6 months postvaccination. Both experimental vaccines triggered specific humoral and cellular responses in immunized C3H/HeOuJ male mice, characterized by the production of specific IgG (IgG1/IgG2a) antibodies in vivo and the synthesis of key Th1/Th2 cytokines by Toxoplasma lysate antigen-stimulated splenocytes in vitro. Although the levels of specific antibodies and cytokine release were in most cases lower six months postimmunization, the protection rates conferred by the vaccination were comparable regardless of the time after the administration of the last vaccine dose. The results indicate that both preparations induce long-lasting immunity, which makes them attractive candidates for further research aimed at boosting their immunogenicity and immunoprotective capacity.
Green synthesis of thiourea derivatives from nitrobenzenes using Ni nanoparticles immobilized on triazine-aminopyridine-modified MIL-101(Cr) MOF
Authors: Heidari Sara , Alavinia Sedigheh , Ghorbani-Vaghei Ramin
Published: August 2023

Nanohybrid metal–organic frameworks (MOF) have recently been considered next-generation catalysts regarding their unique features like large surface-to-volume ratio, tailorable geometry, uniform pore sizes, and homogeneous distribution of active sites. In this report, we address the triazine-aminopyridine-modified 3D Cr-centred MOF MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 following a post-synthetic modification approach. The excellent chelating ability of triazine-aminopyridine was applied to immobilize Ni ions over the host matrix MOF. The as-synthesized material was physicochemically characterized using various analytical techniques like FT-IR, electron microscopy, EDS, elemental mapping, XRD, and ICP-OES. Subsequently, the material has been catalytically employed in synthesizing new thiourea derivatives by reacting to nitrobenzene derivatives and phenyl isocyanate. The catalyst was isolated by centrifugation and recycled in 6 consecutive runs without momentous loss of its reactivity.
Impregnation of amine functionalized deep eutectic solvents in NH2-MIL-53(Al) MOF for CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Noorani Narmin , Mehrdad Abbas
Published: August 2023

To improve the CO2/N2 separation performance of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), amine functionalized deep eutectic solvents (DESs) (choline chloride/ethanolamine (DES1), choline chloride/ethanolamine/diethanolamine (DES2), and choline chloride/ethanolamine/methyldiethanolamine (DES3)) confined in the NH2-MIL-53(Al). NH2-MIL-53(Al) impregnated with DES was synthesized and characterized using N2-sorption analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Morphology of the synthesized MOFs was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, elemental analysis was determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). CO2 adsorption isotherms of amine-functionalized DESs impregnated NH2-MIL-53(Al) were measured at temperatures range of 288.15–308.15 K and pressures up to 5 bar. The results reveal that the impregnated MOF with functional group of amine DES improves separation performance NH2-MIL-53(Al). CO2 adsorption capacity of DES1/NH2-MILS-53(Al) was twofold respect to of pristine NH2-MIL-53(Al) at 5 bar and 298.15 K; which helps to guide the logical design of new mixtures for gas separation applications. Also, the heat of adsorption for the synthesized NH2-MIL-53(Al) and DESs/NH2-MIL-53(Al) were estimated. Most importantly, CO2 chemisorption by NH2 group in the sorbent structure has a significant effect on the adsorption mechanism.
Outcome and management of decompressive hemicraniectomy in malignant hemispheric stroke following cardiothoracic surgery
Authors: Truckenmueller Peter , Fritzsching Jonas , Schulze Daniel , Früh Anton , Jacobs Stephan , Ahlborn Robert , Vajkoczy Peter , Prinz Vincent , Hecht Nils
Published: August 2023

Management of malignant hemispheric stroke (MHS) after cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) remains difficult as decision-making needs to consider severe cardiovascular comorbidities and complex coagulation management. The results of previous randomized controlled trials on decompressive surgery for MHS cannot be generally translated to this patient population and the expected outcome might be substantially worse. Here, we analyzed mortality and functional outcome in patients undergoing decompressive hemicraniectomy (DC) for MHS following CTS and assessed the impact of perioperative coagulation management on postoperative hemorrhagic and cardiovascular complications. All patients that underwent DC for MHS resulting as a complication of CTS between June 2012 and November 2021 were included in this observational cohort study. Outcome was determined according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 1 and 3–6 months. Clinical and demographic data, anticoagulation management and postoperative hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications were assessed. In order to evaluate a predictive association between clinical and radiological parameters and the outcome, we used a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Twenty-nine patients undergoing DC for MHS after CTS with a female-to-male ratio of 1:1.9 and a median age of 60 (IQR 49–64) years were identified out of 123 patients undergoing DC for MHS. Twenty-four patients (83%) received pre- or intraoperative substitution. At 30 days, the in-hospital mortality rate and neurological outcome corresponded to 31% and a median mRS of 5 (5–6), which remained stable at 3–6 months [Mortality: 42%, median mRS: 5 (4–6)]. Postoperatively, 15/29 patients (52%) experienced new hemorrhagic lesions and Bayesian logistic regression predicting mortality (mRS = 6) after imputing missing data demonstrated a significantly increased risk for mortality with longer aPPT (OR = 13.94, p = .038) and new or progressive hemorrhagic lesions after DC (OR = 3.03, p = .19). Notably, all but one hemorrhagic lesion occurred before discontinued anticoagulation and/or platelet inhibition was re-initiated. Despite perioperative discontinuation of anticoagulation and/or platelet inhibition, no coagulation-associated cardiovascular complications were noted. In conclusion, Cardiothoracic surgery patients suffering MHS will likely experience severe neurological disability after DC, which should remain a central aspect during counselling and decision-making. The complex coagulation situation after CTS, however, should not per se rule out the option of performing life-saving surgical decompression.
Effectiveness of various types of coating materials applied in reinforced concrete exposed to freeze–thaw cycles and chlorides
Authors: Millán Ramírez Ginneth Patricia , Byliński Hubert , Niedostatkiewicz Maciej
Published: August 2023

This study assesses the durability of coated and uncoated concrete surfaces protected with four different coating materials: water-soluble (BW), solvent-based (BR), mineral (MI), and epoxy (EP). The durability assessment includes evaluating the absorption rate of water, pull-off adhesion strength, and coating material thickness. Concrete samples were subjected to immersion in regular water and a 7% urea solution, followed by cyclic freezing and thawing. Furthermore, the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete was evaluated using the impressed voltage method, with the samples exposed to the aging process immersed in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The results indicate that EP and BW coatings were significantly affected by the presence of urea and freeze–thaw cycles, resulting in a 43% and 47% reduction in pull-off adhesion strength, respectively. Notably, the MI-coated concrete samples exposed to urea solution and the freeze–thaw cycles exhibited a significant reduction in the absorption rate due to the accumulation of crystals on the coating surface, resulting in reduced porosity of the material.
3D reconstruction of coronary artery bifurcations from intravascular ultrasound and angiography
Authors: Wu Wei , Oguz Usama M. , Banga Akshat , Zhao Shijia , Thota Anjani Kumar , Gadamidi Vinay Kumar , Vasa Charu Hasini , Harmouch Khaled M. , Naser Abdallah , Tieliwaerdi Xiarepati , Chatzizisis Yiannis S.
Published: August 2023

Coronary bifurcation lesions represent a challenging anatomical subset, and the understanding of their 3D anatomy and plaque composition appears to play a key role in devising the optimal stenting strategy. This study proposes a new approach for the 3D reconstruction of coronary bifurcations and plaque materials by combining intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and angiography. Three patient-specific silicone bifurcation models were 3D reconstructed and compared to micro-computed tomography (µCT) as the gold standard to test the accuracy and reproducibility of the proposed methodology. The clinical feasibility of the method was investigated in three diseased patient-specific bifurcations of varying anatomical complexity. The IVUS-based 3D reconstructed bifurcation models showed high agreement with the µCT reference models, with r2values ranging from 0.88 to 0.99. The methodology successfully 3D reconstructed all the patient bifurcations, including plaque materials, in less than 60 min. Our proposed method is a simple, time-efficient, and user-friendly tool for accurate 3D reconstruction of coronary artery bifurcations. It can provide valuable information about bifurcation anatomy and plaque burden in the clinical setting, assisting in bifurcation stent planning and education.
Synthesis of a novel porous organic polymer containing triazine and cyclohexanone rings as an efficient methyl red adsorbent from aqueous solutions
Authors: Ghanbari Javad , Mobinikhaledi Akbar
Published: August 2023

In this research, a new porous organic polymer based on triazine and cyclohexanone rings was synthesized via Schiff base condensation, and its performance as an adsorbent for the removal of Methyl Red dye from aqueous solution was investigated. The synthesized polymer was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, TGA, and BET analyses. Five important parameters of pH (4–10), contact time (10–120 min), adsorbent dose (5–10 mg), initial dye concentration (10–70 mg/L), and temperature (25–45 °C) were investigated to optimize the adsorption conditions. Solution pH of 4, contact time of 80 min, adsorbent dose of 8 mg, initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L, and temperature of 45 °C were obtained as the best conditions for the adsorption of methyl red dye. Two widely used Langmuir and Freundlich models were employed to investigate the adsorption isotherm, and the obtained data showed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm with a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9784) which indicates monolayer adsorption. The achieved maximum adsorption capacity was 178.57 mg/g. Also, the results of kinetic studies indicate that the adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic, which suggests that chemical interactions play an important role in dye removal. Furthermore, the results showed that the adsorption process of methyl red dye by polymer is endothermic.
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae released from biofilm residence by monoclonal antibody directed against a biofilm matrix component display a vulnerable phenotype
Authors: Wilbanks Kathryn Q. , Mokrzan Elaine M. , Kesler Theresa M. , Kurbatfinski Nikola , Goodman Steven D. , Bakaletz Lauren O.
Published: August 2023

Bacterial biofilms contribute significantly to pathogenesis, recurrence and/or chronicity of the majority of bacterial diseases due to their notable recalcitrance to clearance. Herein, we examined kinetics of the enhanced sensitivity of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) newly released (NRel) from biofilm residence by a monoclonal antibody against a bacterial DNABII protein (α-DNABII) to preferential killing by a β-lactam antibiotic. This phenotype was detected within 5 min and lasted for ~ 6 h. Relative expression of genes selected due to their known involvement in sensitivity to a β-lactam showed transient up-regulated expression of penicillin binding proteins by α-DNABII NTHI NRel, whereas there was limited expression of the β-lactamase precursor. Transient down-regulated expression of mediators of oxidative stress supported similarly timed vulnerability to NADPH-oxidase sensitive intracellular killing by activated human PMNs. Further, transient up-regulated expression of the major NTHI porin aligned well with observed increased membrane permeability of α-DNABII NTHI NRel, a characteristic also shown by NRel of three additional pathogens. These data provide mechanistic insights as to the transient, yet highly vulnerable, α-DNABII NRel phenotype. This heightened understanding supports continued validation of this novel therapeutic approach designed to leverage knowledge of the α-DNABII NRel phenotype for more effective eradication of recalcitrant biofilm-related diseases.
Initiation time of double-filtration plasma apheresis affects the risk of persistent organ failure in hypertriglyceridaemia-induced acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Su Wei , Gao Yuzhen , Wang Xiaoling , Wang Donghai , Feng Binbin , Wu Yinshan , Zheng Huijun , Guo Feng
Published: August 2023

The effect of double filtration plasma apheresis (DFPP) on improving the outcomes of patients with hypertriglyceridaemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the initiation time of DFPP and the risk of persistent organ failure (POF) in an HTG-AP cohort in China. We retrospectively evaluated data from HTG-AP patients treated with DFPP 48 h after diagnosis between January 2017 and January 2022. Comparisons across tertiles of the interval from diagnosis to completion of one DFPP session (DTD) were analysed. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to determine the correlation between the DTD time and risk of POF. Of the 89 patients enrolled, 46 patients (51.69%) suffered POF in the first week of HTG-AP. DFPP was initiated at a median of 17 h after the diagnosis was confirmed. The patients in the highest tertile of DTD time had a significantly increased prevalence of POF. After multivariate adjustment, the logistic regression models found a significant decrease in the odds ratios (OR) of POF from the highest to the lowest DTD tertile (P for trend = 0.006). Moreover, the RCS curves showed a nonlinear relationship in the adjusted OR of POF and DTD time, which remained relatively low and flat during the early DTD time but increased sharply afterwards. Early initiation of DFPP treatment correlates with a reduced risk of POF in HTG-AP patients.
Handgrip strength associates with effort-dependent lung function measures among adolescents with and without asthma
Authors: Hesselberg Laura Marie , Kyvsgaard Julie Nyholm , Stokholm Jakob , Bisgaard Hans , Bønnelykke Klaus , Chawes Bo
Published: August 2023

Studies have shown association between handgrip strength (HGS) and FEV1, but the importance of this in relation to asthma pathophysiology and diagnostics remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between HGS and lung function metrics and its role in diagnosing asthma. We included 330 participants (mean age: 17.7 years, males: 48.7%) from the COPSAC2000 cohort and analyzed associations between HGS, asthma status, spirometry measures (FEV1, FVC, MMEF, FEV1/FVC), airway resistance (sRaw), methacholine reactivity (PD20) and airway inflammation (FeNO). Finally, we investigated whether HGS improved FEV1 prediction and classification of asthma status. HGS was only associated with forced flows, i.e., positive association with FEV1 and FVC for both sexes in models adjusted for age, height, and weight (P < 0.023). HGS improved adjusted R2-values for FEV1 prediction models by 2–5% (P < 0.009) but did not improve classification of asthma status (P > 0.703). In conclusion, HGS was associated with the effort-dependent measures FEV1 and FVC, but not with airway resistance, reactivity, inflammation or asthma status in our cohort of particularly healthy adolescents, which suggests that the observed associations are not asthma specific. However, HGS improved the accuracy of FEV1 estimation, which warrants further investigation to reveal the potential of HGS in asthma diagnostics.
Neural network application for assessing thyroid-associated orbitopathy activity using orbital computed tomography
Authors: Lee Jaesung , Lee Sanghyuck , Lee Won Jun , Moon Nam Ju , Lee Jeong Kyu
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to propose a neural network (NN)-based method to evaluate thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) patient activity using orbital computed tomography (CT). Orbital CT scans were obtained from 144 active and 288 inactive TAO patients. These CT scans were preprocessed by selecting eleven slices from axial, coronal, and sagittal planes and segmenting the region of interest. We devised an NN employing information extracted from 13 pipelines to assess these slices and clinical patient age and sex data for TAO activity evaluation. The proposed NN’s performance in evaluating active and inactive TAO patients achieved a 0.871 area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), 0.786 sensitivity, and 0.779 specificity values. In contrast, the comparison models CSPDenseNet and ConvNeXt were significantly inferior to the proposed model, with 0.819 (p = 0.029) and 0.774 (p = 0.04) AUROC values, respectively. Ablation studies based on the Sequential Forward Selection algorithm identified vital information for optimal performance and evidenced that NNs performed best with three to five active pipelines. This study establishes a promising TAO activity diagnosing tool with further validation.
Biosensor model based on single hairpin structure for highly sensitive detection of multiple targets
Authors: Tian Ruiting , Zhao Weihua , Li Hongbo , Liu Shiwen , Yu Ruqin
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, due to the genetic information carried by nucleic acids, they can serve as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of diseases, including tumors and cardiovascular disease, among others, making genetic testing a hotspot of biomedicine.
A smartphone-based gold nanoparticle colorimetric sensing platform for kanamycin detection in food samples
Authors: Yu Ziyan , Liao Yaxiao , Liu Jie , Wu Qin , Cheng Yu , Huang Ke
Published: August 2023

An aptamer sensor for Kana detection based on AuNP aggregation.
A portable test strip fabricated of luminescent lanthanide-functionalized metal–organic frameworks for rapid and visual detection of tetracycline antibiotics
Authors: Li Tingxia , Chen Zhongxiu , Zhao Zhongshuai , Liu Zhongde
Published: August 2023

A facile visualization method for the tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) detection was developed not only in the laboratory but also in a point-of-care setting using Ag+/Tb3+@UiO-66-(COOH)2 as an optical probe.
Research progress in nucleus-targeted tumor therapy
Authors: Chen Shaofeng , Cao Rumeng , Xiang Ling , Li Ziyi , Chen Hui , Zhang Jiumeng , Feng Xuli
Published: August 2023

An overview of the strategies and applications of nuclear-targeted therapy.
Native frustrated Lewis pairs on core–shell In@InOxHy enhances CO2-to-formate conversion
Authors: Li Hu , Yan Yuandong , Yan Shicheng , Yu Zhentao , Zou Zhigang
Published: August 2023

Strategies to efficiently activate CO2 by strongly inhibiting the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction process are highly desired for practical applications of the electrochemical CO2 reduction technique.
Boosting aqueous non-flow zinc–bromine batteries with a two-dimensional metal–organic framework host: an adsorption-catalysis approach
Authors: Wei Hua , Qu Guangmeng , Zhang Xiangyong , Ren Baohui , Li Shizhen , Jiang Jingjing , Yang Yihan , Yang Jinlong , Zhao Lingzhi , Li Hongfei , Zhi Chunyi , Liu Zhuoxin
Published: August 2023

We develop a high-performance aqueous non-flow zinc–bromine battery with nickel polyphthalocyanine as a cathode host, where the atomically dispersed Ni–N4 sites enable strong bromine adsorption and efficient bromine redox reactions.
Incidental nanoparticles in black tea alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice
Authors: Han Huan , Ke Lijing , Xu Wei , Wang Huiqin , Zhou Jianwu , Rao Pingfan
Published: August 2023

The black tea nanoparticles can ameliorate inflammatory bowel diseases.
Charge-shifting polyplex as a viral RNA extraction carrier for streamlined detection of infectious viruses
Authors: Song Younseong , Song Jayeon , Kim Seongeun , Jang Hyowon , Kim Hogi , Jeong Booseok , Park Nahyun , Kim Sunjoo , Yong Dongeun , Lim Eun-Kyung , Lee Kyoung G. , Kang Taejoon , Im Sung Gap
Published: August 2023

By harnessing its charge-shifting property, the polyplex-assisted qRT-PCR technique achieves efficient RNA capture and release. This innovation streamlines extraction & amplification in a one-pot process, offering rapid, user-friendly molecular diagnostics.
Self-oriented anisotropic structure of G-hydrogels as a delicate balance between attractive and repulsive forces
Authors: Pepe Alessia , Moretti Paolo , Yoneda Juliana S. , Carducci Federica , Itri Rosangela , Mariani Paolo
Published: August 2023

Guanine (G) hydrogels are very attractive materials made by the supramolecular organization of G-derivatives in water.
Engineering core–shell chromium nanozymes with inflammation-suppressing, ROS-scavenging and antibacterial properties for pulpitis treatment
Authors: Xie Fei , Zhu Chuanda , Gong Lidong , Zhu Ningxin , Ma Qiang , Yang Yuanyuan , Zhao Xinrong , Qin Man , Lin Zhiqiang , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: August 2023

NanoCr has optimal biocompatibility, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties inin vitrocell models and could be a promising material for pulp repair and an effective strategy for the treatment of pulpitis.
Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of a Ti2FeNiSb2 double half-Heusler alloy through excess Ni-induced full-Heusler nanoprecipitates
Authors: Hasan Rahidul , Gu Yan , Kim Se Yun , Chun Dong Won , Lee Kyu Hyoung
Published: August 2023

The excessed Ni will embed full-hesuler TiNi2Sb nanoprecipitates into the matrix, which can improve the thermoelectric performance by scattering low-energy carriers and phonons.
A mini review on recent progress of steam reforming of ethanol
Authors: Feng Xiaoqian , Zhao Yilin , Zhao Yonghua , Wang Huan , Liu Huimin , Zhang Qijian
Published: August 2023

This mini-review summarizes the recent progress of SRE catalysts from the view of the impacts of active metals and supports and draws an outlook for future research directions.
Preparation of Gd-doped AuNBP@mSiO2 nanocomposites for the MR imaging, drug delivery and chemo-photothermal synergistic killing of breast cancer cells
Authors: Tang Shiyi , Li Ruohan , Luo Tao , Huang Tianhao , Lu Xiaotong , Wu Xinyao , Dong Yulin , Wu Changyu , Xu Kai , Wang Yong
Published: August 2023

The fabrication of a Gd-doped AuNBP@mSiO2 nanocomplex for DOX loading, along with NIR laser irradiation, holds significant promise for MR imaging, drug delivery, and effective chemo-photothermal synergistic killing of breast cancer cells.
A computational study on the coordination modes and electron absorption spectra of the complexes U(iv) with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-diglycolamide and anions
Authors: Yang Yating , Lan Youshi , Liu Qian , Zhu Liyang , Hao Xuan , Zhou Jin , Yang Suliang , Tian Guoxin
Published: August 2023

The counterion NO3− is proved to appear in the first coordination sphere of U(iv)–TMDGA with bidentate type, verified by the simulation of absorption spectra.
Halide solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries: structural design, synthesis, environmental stability, interface optimization and challenges
Authors: Tao Boran , Zhong Dailin , Li Hongda , Wang Guofu , Chang Haixin
Published: August 2023

The design principle and synthesis method of halide solid-state electrolytes are discussed in detail. Interface optimization of halide solid-state electrolytes and their applications in all-solid-state batteries are described.
Predicting molecular vibronic spectra using time-domain analog quantum simulation
Authors: MacDonell Ryan J. , Navickas Tomas , Wohlers-Reichel Tim F. , Valahu Christophe H. , Rao Arjun D. , Millican Maverick J. , Currington Michael A. , Biercuk Michael J. , Tan Ting Rei , Hempel Cornelius , Kassal Ivan
Published: August 2023

Analog quantum computers can calculate molecular vibronic spectra using time-domain simulation, with exponentially greater scalability than previous, frequency-domain approaches. An accurate, trapped-ion simulation of SO2 validates the approach.
Formation of topological defects at liquid/liquid crystal interfaces in micro-wells controlled by surfactants and light
Authors: Katayama Kenji , Yoshimura Takuro , Yamashita Saki , Teratani Hiroto , Murakami Tomoki , Suzuki Hiroaki , Fukuda Jun-ichi
Published: August 2023

Harnessing liquid crystals to control topological defects. Our innovative method empowers precise manipulation of liquid crystal topological defects, offering a platform for homogeneous isolated topological and light-driven control.
Solvent atmosphere-assisted crystallization of perovskites for room-temperature continuous-wave amplified spontaneous emission
Authors: Zou Deyue , Wang Yunpeng , Zhang Yan , Guo Xiaoyang , Lv Ying , Lin Jie , Huang Jingsong , Liu Xingyuan
Published: August 2023

Solvent atmosphere-assisted crystallization of perovskites exhibits good amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) performance. Combined with an optical microcavity, a continuous-wave optically pumped ASE is realized with a low threshold of 3.8 W cm−2.
A synergistic approach to attain high piezoelectricity in a Pb(Ni, Nb)O3–Pb(Lu, Nb)O3–PbTiO3 system
Authors: Cheng Mengdi , Yan Yangxi , Li Zhimin , Wang Pangpang , Murakami Ri-ichi , Zhang Dongyan
Published: August 2023

This work exploits the synergistic effect of multiphase coexistence and local structural heterogeneity to achieve high piezoelectricity in relaxor ferroelectric materials.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence and mechanochromism in napthalimide-azatriangulenes
Authors: Elgadi Seja A. , Cai Arwen Y. , Hudson Zachary M.
Published: August 2023

Planarized donor and acceptor groups are promising building blocks for high-performance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters, as their rigidity minimizes non-radiative decay pathways.
Syngas fermentation to ethanol: CODH/AdhE1 gene expression and microbial community dynamics
Authors: Tharak Athmakuri , Katakojwala Ranaprathap , Mohan S. Venkata
Published: August 2023

C1-gas conversion for sustainable synthesis of fatty acids and ethanol: dynamics of CODH/AdhE1 gene expression with biocatalyst selection.
Dopant-free small-molecule hole-transport material for low-cost and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Majidi-Nezhad Sahar , Sabahi Negin , Shahroosvand Hashem , Yaghoobi Nia Narges , Di Carlo Aldo
Published: August 2023

Dopant-free hole-transporting materials (HTMs) aim to improve efficiency and stability simultaneously, and are a promising direction for efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
Three‐phase isolated power transformer based novel structure for power distribution system and new theoretical/practical judgement criteria in detecting high‐impedance earth faults
Authors: Zhang Hua , Su Xueneng , Li Longjiang , Ning Xin , Zhang Rui , Long Cheng , Li Shilong , Gao Yiwen
Published: August 2023

Single phase‐earth faults are the most frequent faults likely to occur but hard to identify in distribution system, especially in a neutral un‐effectively grounded system. To address this issue, this paper innovatively proposes a typical distribution system structure, in which it only introduces one three‐phase isolated power transformer (PT)‐based subnetwork division mode that can effectively limit the zero‐sequence current flow from other sound lines. Second, following the qualitative discussions about the effect of the proposed structures on power supply reliability and probability of bushfires caused by high impedance earth faults (HIEFs), a novel detecting judgement criterion merely using vector‐based variation via pre‐fault and post‐fault zero‐sequence voltage is mathematically formulated. In general, the proposed structure takes into account the the fault current suppression while manifesting fault feature at the same time, and in contrast with current detecting methods, vectorized form can present a wider exploring space and a higher identifying sensitivity, especially in detecting HIEFs. Numerical simulations and field tests validate the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed detecting approach towards single phase‐earth fault identification field.
Аchieving renewable energy goals through the utilization of renewable resources
Authors: Beksultanova Aybika , Aygumov Timur , Valeev Sergey
Published: August 2023

This article examines the important role of renewable natural resources to ensure the sustainable economic development of the CIS member states. A new stage is taking place in the cooperation of the Commonwealth States in using renewable clean energy in the light of the adoption of the Priority Plan to implement the Concept for Cooperation of the CIS Member States by using the Renewable Energy Sources in 2021-2022. In this article, special attention is paid to renewable energy sources, as well as the prospects for the development of hydrogen markets. In addition, long-term scenarios for development of low-carbon energy based on renewable energy sources for states are proposed.
CFD model of acceleration of thermal-hydrodynamic processes in solar air collectors
Authors: Ibragimov U Kh , Khamraev S I , Avanesov T R , Botirov A S , Sattorov A B
Published: August 2023

Recent studies on increasing the thermal-hydrodynamic efficiency of solar air collectors have been carried out on the installation of barriers of various shapes on the surface of the absorber, and this method ensures a significant increase in the energy efficiency of the collector. The transfer of the air flow washing the surface of the absorber from a laminar flow state to an accelerated lumped air flow is carried out by installing obstacles. Installation of barriers is the main factor in increasing the heat transfer in solar air collectors and prolongs the time of air flow in the collector. The barrier solar air collector has a high local heat transfer coefficient, and the Nusselt number value is up to 3.5 times higher than that of the flat plate solar air collector. Also, this article presents the results of CFD modeling of the air flow in the solar air collector, the results of which can be used in the theoretical research of the solar air collector.
Features of filtration of industrial gases from dust with a basalt filter
Authors: Kamolov B S , Kurbanov A A , Sattorov L Kh
Published: August 2023

The scientific and technological progress of the 21st century is inextricably linked with the widespread use of new materials based on mineral and organic fibers. The most widespread in various industries received on the basis of basalt crystalline fibers. These fibers, in terms of their inherent indicators, for example, physical, mechanical and chemical properties, and price indicators, significantly exceed the classical ones, the production technology of which was implemented in industrial conditions at the end of the last century only in Russia and Ukraine and is a priority of these countries. Basalt fibers are well compatible with polymer, metal, ceramic, inorganic and carbon matrices and various fibers when creating hybrid and composite materials. These unique materials outperform their counterparts made of fiberglass and even steel in terms of performance. They are distinguished by durability, reliability, high corrosion resistance, are operational in a wide temperature range (from -275 to 800 °C), and are chemically inert.
Modern state of use of solar desalination
Authors: Mirzayorova S U , Ibragimov U Kh , Fayziyev T A , Abdinazarov S B
Published: August 2023

Water is the most necessary resource for mankind, animals and plants. Although 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, 97% of it is salt water, that is, water that is not suitable for consumption. Also, continuous pollution of surface and underground water is increasing the shortage of drinking water. In solving the above problems, desalination of salt water is an important way of increasing drinking water resources. However, the high energy consumption, increased greenhouse gas emissions, large amounts of wastewater and the high cost of fresh water in desalination limit the widespread adoption of desalination technology in the industry. To solve these limitations, solar energy, which is one of the renewable energy sources, is environmentally friendly, ubiquitous, convenient to use, safe and sustainable. Currently, several constructions of SD are proposed, the main part of which is a pool construction. This research paper presents the results of comparison of the constructional structures of one- and two-basin SD, their heat-technical parameters, device productivity and economic indicators.
The influence of LED lighting on the development of Monarda L. in the conditions of hydroponics
Authors: Makarov Petr , Zaitsev Artem , Samoylenko Zoya , Makarova Tatiana , Gulakova Natalia
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the significance of the influence of the white and combined (red-blue-white) light spectrum on the growth and productivity of plants of the genus Monarda L. in the conditions of hydroponics. The optimal lighting mode has been found for the highest productivity of the monarda. A quantitative analysis of the content of photosynthetic pigments was carried out. The yield, leaf size and content of photosynthetic pigments in monarda leaves when grown under white LED lamps turned out to be higher than under colored ones.
Soil organic matter in temperate forest-grassland systems: A case study from the Southern Cis-Ural, Russia
Authors: Suleymanov Azamat , Tuktarova Iren , Belan Larisa , Suleymanov Ruslan , Vittsenko Anastasia
Published: August 2023

Understanding the dynamics of SOM in different land use types is critical for effective land management and climate mitigation strategies. In this study, we investigated the differences in soil organic matter (SOM) content between forest and grassland landscapes in the mountainous zone of Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. We collected soil samples from multiple locations under both land use types and analysed them for SOM content using standard laboratory techniques. The results showed that the SOM content varied from 2.2 to 15.3% under forest landscape with an average of 6.7% and was characterized by high variability (51.8%). The SOM concentrations under grassland ranged from 2.1 to 6.5% with an average of 3.2%, while the coefficient of variation was 31.8%. According to the classification, the average SOM value in forest soils was classified as “high”, while in grassland soils it was classified as “low”. Overall, the variability in SOM content within forested landscapes can be influenced by a range of factors, including topography, erosion, and redeposition of soil. These factors contributed to the complex patterns of SOM accumulation and decomposition observed in forest soils, and should be considered when evaluating the potential impacts of land use change on SOM. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the factors that influence SOM content in soils, and the need for careful management of land use systems to maintain or enhance soil fertility and productivity.
High molecular biopolymers of the carbohydrate nature of the plant Prunus domestica L. fruits
Authors: Makhmudov S.D. , Narzullaev D.Z. , Dusmatova A.D. , Aliev U.E. , Shadmanov K.K.
Published: August 2023

This paper describes the technology developed by us for obtaining some physiologically active polysaccharides (pectic substances and hemicellulose) from domestic plum. The isolated products were identified by IR spectroscopy, which made it possible to determine their qualitative characteristics. The dried fruits of Prunus domestica L. were analyzed for the content of low molecular weight substances, then polysaccharides were isolated from plant materials, hydrolyzed, acetylated, and the monosaccharide composition of each polysaccharide was studied by a combination method of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. A thermal analysis of the obtained polysaccharides was also carried out to determine their thermal stability.
Virulence Factors of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Analysis of Pseudomonas protegens Genomes
Authors: Valyshev A V
Published: August 2023

Pseudomonas protegens is the species of plant growthpromoting bacteria, which is widely used in agriculture. In article, previously unknown virulence factors of this microorganism are revealed. When researching the three bacterial genomes P. protegens, genes encoding adherence, antiphagocytosis, iron uptake, biofilm formation, immune evasion, serum resistance, and other virulence traits have been found. More research is needed to learn the role of predicted virulence factors in phytopathology and medicine.
Monitoring of biodiversity of water communities
Authors: Muhamedieva D T , Niyozmatova N A
Published: August 2023

Biodiversity monitoring is a process of systematic collection, analysis and evaluation of data on the diversity of living organisms, their populations, communities and ecosystems in a certain territory or area. The purpose of biodiversity monitoring is to study changes in the composition and structure of biological systems over time. Biodiversity monitoring is carried out at different levels - from global to local, and may include both long-term programs and short-term studies. It is important to take into account the scale, methods and resources required for monitoring, as well as to ensure proper processing and analysis of the data obtained. Thus, biodiversity monitoring plays a key role in assessing the state of natural systems, adapting to climate change, developing strategies for nature conservation and supporting sustainable development.
Soil demercurization technique development
Authors: Fux Sofia , Devyaterikova Swetlana
Published: August 2023

The study proposes a technique of preventing the spread of mercury contamination off industrial sites into uncontaminated areas. The study provides results of soil treatment with stormwater with added surfactants. Immobilization of mercury compounds within contaminated soil solutions without soil excavation has been demonstrated.