bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS ON SEXUAL VIOLENCE KNOWLEDGE IN BENGKULU PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN BENGKULU CITY 2021
Authors: Mardiani Mardiani , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Husni Husni
Published: April 2023

Cases of sexual violence are ranked first in cases of violence against children. The Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) stated that from 2011-2016 there were 1,875 cases of sexual violence in early childhood. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational videos on the knowledge of elementary school children about sexual violence in the State of Bengkulu City in 2021.This research is quasi-experimental. The  sample size of 60 students for each of the 30 intervention groups and 30 control groups. Analysis using Mann Whitney. The results showed that the average knowledge before intervention in the intervention group was 9.70 and in the control group was 10.73. The average knowledge after intervention in the intervention group was  13.93 and in the control group was 10.80. The analysis showed a significant difference in increasing the average value about maturation after marriage knowledge between groups before and after the intervention with a p value of 0.000. Thus, it is necessary to develop learning and educational methods, to increase health promotion activities, to increase the knowledge of elementary school children about sexual violence
Capital humano y la permanencia empresarial en las PyMEs: una revisión de literatura.
Authors: Palacios Valenzuela Cesar Arturo
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se analiza la importancia del factor de capital humano con la permanencia empresarial en especial las pequeñas y medianas empresas, el capital humano es visto como un factor de éxito para lograr la supervivencia de las Pymes y que estas sean perdurables en el tiempo. El capital humano es aquel con el que cuenta toda empresa y que necesita para ejecutar con normalidad sus actividades operativas. La adecuada gestión de este factor permite contar con herramientas necesarias para cubrir los objetivos y las obligaciones de corto, mediano y largo plazo. Para esto, se aplicó una metodología de revisión de literatura tomando como referencia fuentes secundarias de investigación, tales como libros y artículos científicos. Como resultado se determinó que el capital de humano es una herramienta que influye en la permanencia de la organización y la cual todo administrador debe prestarle atención y dedicarle tiempo, debido a la influencia que tiene sobre la organización durante los primeros años de su existencia.
El desempeño de las redes de gobernanza para la promoción de la cultura cívica a nivel local. El caso de la Estrategia Nacional de Cultura Cívica (ENCCÍVICA) 2017-2023.
Authors: Chamu Nicanor Felix
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar un marco de análisis para la evaluación del desempeño de las redes de gobernanza dedicadas a la promoción de la cultura cívica a nivel local. Lo anterior, a partir de la revisión y análisis de la literatura de gestión de redes de gobernanza.  Los principales hallazgos sugieren que las redes de gobernanza surgieron como un nuevo paradigma de gestión pública para atender problemas complejos, que el enfoque de gestión de redes de gobernanza establece que las estrategias de gestión de red explican el desempeño de las redes y que el modelo de gestión de redes de gobernanza puede ser aplicado a la medición del desempeño de las políticas de promoción de la cultura democrática como la ENCCÍVICA (2017-2023) a nivel local.
El desarrollo sectorial en Bolivia 2011-2019; un análisis desde la perspectiva regional.
Authors: García García José Odón
Published: April 2023

El propósito de este artículo es analizar el desarrollo económico sectorial en Bolivia  durante el periodo 2011-2019, desde una visión regional para ello se utiliza una metodología de análisis donde a partir de la variable económica se realiza una radiografía regional para entender los matices del desarrollo en el país. Los resultados muestran un desarrollo sectorial progresivo durante los periodos tomados, donde el sector terciario tiene un dominio dentro las regiones, y también se observa una especialización relativa y constante en algunos sectores  de la económica, misma que no ha tenido variaciones ni reestructuraciones a través de los años, así mismo se observa un encadenamiento de los sectores I y III como el más predominante en la mayoría de las regiones. Se evidencia una distribución regional del desarrollo en tres regiones con diferentes matices y características que al final contribuyen al crecimiento y progreso del país.
Un análisis ergonómico del manejo manual de cargas: nom-036-1-stps -2018 en proceso de fabricación de calzado para pie diabético: nmx-a-238-scfi-2019.
Authors: Fragoso Mora Adriana
Published: April 2023

La investigación consistió en evaluar el proceso productivo de la empresa caso de estudio, con el objetivo de identificar las condiciones de fabricación del modelo 1704 calzado confort para pie diabético bajo la norma NMX-A-238-SCFI-2019 de acuerdo a criterios técnicos establecidos, se cumplió con un 100% en las secciones de: Corte, Forro, Planta, Suela, Puntera, Contrafuerte, Horma, y producto terminado sin embargo en la sección de plantilla se obtuvo un valor de 80%. Asimismo, se examinaron las condiciones ergonómicas de los operadores involucrados en la fabricación del modelo 1704 bajo la NOM-036-1-STPS-2018, aplicable a actividades operativas en manejo manual de cargas mayor o igual a 5 kilogramos. Los resultados se establecieron bajo niveles permisibles normativos correspondientes a cuatro áreas distintas donde se examinaron operadores cuyas actividades implican el manejo, levantamiento y desplazamiento manual de cargas, en áreas de: Embarque, Almacén y Corte con resultados de la población ocupacionalmente expuesta para su atención integral.
Chính sách thu hút vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài của Việt Nam: Thực trạng và giải pháp
Authors: Bùi Huy Nhượng , Lê Quốc Hội , Lê Như Quỳnh
Published: April 2023

Vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài (FDI) là nguồn vốn quan trọng bổ sung cho sự phát triển của nền kinh tế, giúp các quốc gia tiếp cận công nghệ mới, trình độ quản lý, mở rộng thị trường xuất khẩu và chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế... Trên thực tế, Việt Nam đã đạt được những thành tựu đáng ghi nhận trong thu hút vốn FDI sau hơn 35 năm đổi mới và mở cửa. Đó là kết quả của sự nỗ lực trong quá trình hoàn thiện chính sách thu hút vốn FDI của Việt Nam thời gian qua. Bài viết này phân tích thực trạng quá trình hoàn thiện chính sách thu hút vốn FDI của Việt Nam ở các khía cạnh: hệ thống pháp luật liên quan đến đầu tư, chính sách ưu đãi đầu tư và chính sách xúc tiến đầu tư. Bài viết đánh giá về những thành công, hạn chế của các chính sách đó, từ đó đề xuất một số giải pháp nhằm hoàn thiện chính sách thu hút vốn FDI của Việt Nam trong giai đoạn tới.
The Effect of Fatigue on Flexion or Extension of Cervical Region in Participants with Myofascial Trigger Point in Upper Trapezius Muscle
Authors: Mehdikhani Roya , Olyaei Gholam Reza , Hadian Mohammad Reza , Moghaddam Saeed Talebian , Shadmehr Azadeh
Published: April 2023

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is one of the most frequent causes of muscle pain. MPS is characterized by the presence of a myofascial trigger point (MTrP), defined as a hypersensitive spot in a taut band of a skeletal muscle that is painful to stimulation (compression, or needling), elicits a referred pain distant to the spot, and is associated with restricted range of motion. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between fatigue over a myofascial trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle and range of motion of the cervical spine, electromyographic activity, and pain in patients with myofascial trigger point. Methods: This is a single-blind cross-sectional study. Forty participants of both sexes, aged 18 to 35 years, with chronic neck pain and myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle were included in the study. The participants were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale, algometry and electromyographic activity. Results: Improvement in flexion range of motion was found to be greater in interventional group compared to the control group( p<0.05). Conclusion: Fatigue applied to the interventional group can reduce pain and disability, and increase ROM in individuals with MTrP. This treatment may therefore be considered for use as an alternative method in treating MTrP.
Recovery Assessment: Culture, Ethnicity, and Spiritual Dysfunction
Authors: Scoles Pascal
Published: April 2023

Religion and Spirituality are essential pieces to an individual's or group's identity and are present on the spectrum of multicultural diversity. Human service practitioners cannot overlook how individuals conceptualize their relationship with the Sacred. Knowledge of spiritual beliefs and practices creates the basic cultural competence of the practitioner. It enriches the relationship between the practitioner and the person receiving service and makes room for powerful spiritual healing. There needs to be a professional nonsectarian change toward a holistic model of recovery and resilience that embraces the spiritual dimension. This dimension must include traditional and non-traditional belief systems not just as part of the self-help movement but as part of an integrated psychological and spiritual health model that complements people's biological and genetic foundation. This integrated model must focus on: (1) the elimination of stress in the overall community; (2) being attentive toward environmental factors such as divorce, death, and Illness; and (3) supporting and providing opportunities for better housing, increased employment opportunities and positive family activities. Effective treatment services must embrace a holistic approach that integrates well into a comprehensive social support network perspective
Multiple Brain Abscesses in A Newborn with Down Syndrome: Heart Disease or Meningeal Infection?
Authors: K Saadi , F Bennaoui , N Slitine , FMR Maoulainaine
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cerebral abscess is a rare pathology in the newborn, most often secondary to meningeal involvement, but congenital heart disease is to be feared. Objectives: to review a case of multiple cerebral abscesses in the newborn with a doubtful diagnosis through a clinical case. Observation: Newborn at D6 of life, from a full-term pregnancy, with a negative infectious anamnesis, admitted for fever at 38. The first one appeared at D4 of life, in whom the clinical examination found an icteric newborn, with a trisomic face, tachycardia at 180bpm, axial hypotonia, FANT and RS+, systolic cardiac murmur and light sub-costal draught. In front of this picture, a lumbar puncture was carried out objectifying a lymphocytic meningitis, At J8 of life, the newborn presented a convulsion, An ETF was carried out objectifying a hypoechogenic image with hyperchogenic border in cocarde evoking an abces confirmed by CT. The echocardium performed as part of the etiological workup, objective a single ventricle, CIA ostium primum large, IVC admission, single atrio ventricular valve, complete atrio ventricular canal, persistence of the ductus arteriosus and Coarctation of the aorta. The newborn was put on parenteral antibiotic therapy based on C3G meningeal dose + vancomycin + metronidazole by intravenous route then oral relay, with a scannographic control and neurological clinical evaluation. In front of this case, the question that arises: are his abscesses secondary to meningitis or to congenital heart disease?. Conclusion: Brain abscess is a rare pathology, with heavy after-effects, and the prognosis of patients has improved thanks to the progress of imaging techniques, the use of ATB treatments, and minimally invasive neurosurgery. It is to be feared in front of congenital cardiopathies with right-left shunt.
Melatonin action in neonatal gonadotrophs
Authors: Balík A , Kretschmannová K , Mazna P , Svobodová I , Zemková H
Published: April 2023

Neonatal pituitary cells express MT1 and MT2 subtype of melatonin receptors that are coupled to pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins. Their activation by melatonin leads to a decrease in cAMP production and activity of protein kinase A, and attenuation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced gonadotropin secretion. Single cell calcium and electrophysiological recordings have revealed that a reduction in gonadotropin release results from melatonin-induced inhibition of GnRH-stimulated calcium signaling. Melatonin inhibits both calcium influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels and calcium mobilization from intracellular stores. Inhibition of calcium influx, probably in a cAMP/protein kinase C-dependent manner, and the accompanying calcium-induced calcium release from ryanodine-sensitive intracellular pools by melatonin results in a delay of GnRH-induced calcium signaling. Melatonin-induced attenuation of GnRH-induced and inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate-mediated calcium release from intracellular pools attenuates the amplitude of calcium signal. The potent inhibition of GnRH-induced calcium signaling and gonadotropin secretion by melatonin provides an effective mechanism to protect premature initiation of pubertal changes that are dependent on plasma gonadotropin levels. During the development, such tonic inhibitory effects of melatonin on GnRH action gradually decline due to a decrease in expression of functional melatonin receptors. In adult animals, melatonin does not have obvious direct effects on pituitary functions, whereas the connections between melatonin release and hypothalamic functions, including GnRH release, are preserved, and are critically important in synchronizing the external photoperiods and reproductive functions through still not well characterized mechanisms.
Protein modeling combined with spectroscopic techniques: an attractive quick alternative to obtain structural information
Authors: Kubala M , Obšil T , Obšilová V , Lánský Z , Amler E
Published: April 2023

Beside of the protein crystallography or NMR, another attractive option in protein structure analysis has recently appeared: computer modeling of the protein structure based on homology and similarity with proteins of already known structures. We have used the combination of computer modeling with spectroscopic techniques, such as steady-state or time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and with molecular biology techniques. This method could provide useful structural information in the cases where crystal or NMR structure is not available. Molecular modeling of the ATP site within the H4-H5-loop revealed eight amino acids residues, namely besides the previously reported amino acids Asp443, Lys480, Lys501, Gly502 and Arg544, also Glu446, Phe475 and Gln482, which form the complete ATP recognition site. Moreover, we have proved that a hydrogen bond between Arg423 and Glu472 supports the connection of two opposite halves of the ATP-binding pocket. Similarly, the conserved residue Pro489 is important for the proper interaction of the third and fourth beta-strands, which both contain residues that take part in the ATP-binding. Alternatively, molecular dynamics simulation combined with dynamic fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that 14-3-3 zeta C-terminal stretch is directly involved in the interaction of 14-3-3 protein with the ligand. Phosphorylation at Thr232 induces a conformational change of the C-terminus, which is presumably responsible for observed inhibition of binding abilities. Phosphorylation at Thr232 induces more extended conformation of 14-3-3zeta C-terminal stretch and changes its interaction with the rest of the 14-3-3 molecule. This could explain negative regulatory effect of phosphorylation at Thr232 on 14-3-3 binding properties.
Altered balance of vasoactive systems in experimental hypertension: the role of relative NO deficiency
Authors: Kuneš J , Hojná S , Kadlecová M , Dobešová Z , Rauchová H , Vokurková M , Loukotová J , Pecháňová O , Zicha J
Published: April 2023

This review summarizes our findings concerning the altered balance of vasoactive systems (namely sympathetic nervous system and nitric oxide) in various forms of experimental hypertension--genetic hypertension (SHR, HTG rats), salt hypertension (Dahl rats) and NO-deficient hypertension (L-NAME-treated rats). An attempt is made to define relative NO deficiency (compared to the existing level of sympathetic vasoconstriction), to describe its possible causes and to evaluate particular indicators of its extent. A special attention is paid to reactive oxygen species, their interaction with NO metabolism, cell Ca2+ handling and blood pressure regulation. Our current effort is focused on the investigation of abnormal regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels in smooth muscle and endothelium of hypertensive animals. Such a research should clarify the mechanisms by which genetic and/or environmental factors could chronically modify blood pressure level.
Cell adhesion on artificial materials for tissue engineering
Authors: Bačáková L , Filová E , Rypáček F , Švorčík V , Starý V
Published: April 2023

Advanced interdisciplinary scientific field of tissue engineering has been developed to meet increasing demand for safe, functional and easy available substitutes of irreversibly damaged tissues and organs. First biomaterials were constructed as "two-dimensional" (allowing cell adhesion only on their surface), and durable (non-biodegradable). In contrast, biomaterials of new generation are characterized by so-called three dimensional porous or scaffold-like architecture promoting attachment, growth and differentiation of cells inside the material, accompanied by its gradual removal and replacement with regenerated fully functional tissue. In order to control these processes, these materials are endowed with a defined spectrum of bioactive molecules, such as ligands for adhesion receptors on cells, functional parts of natural growth factors, hormones and enzymes or synthetic regulators of cell behavior, incorporated in defined concentrations and spatial distribution against a bioinert background resistant to uncontrolled protein adsorption and cell adhesion.
Why Parents Sent their Daughters to School: A Qualitative Study of Girls’ Schooling in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan in 2018
Authors: Hassan Neela
Published: April 2023

Afghanistan's history suggests that women's rights are integrally connected to cultural norms and political power. Known as the worst place for women and having the highest level of gender inequality in education, Afghanistan and its people are often portrayed in the Western media as passive and backward individuals with sexist and uncivilized cultural values. This study examines the questions of women's access to education in post-2001 Afghanistan based on the narratives and accounts of schoolgirls and their parents in one of the most insecure provinces of Afghanistan. The study was conducted in the summer of 2018. It draws on 18 semi-structured, in-depth qualitative interviews with schoolgirls and their parents in Kandahar, a southern province of Afghanistan that was the battlefield for the Taliban and American forces for over twenty years. The findings suggest that pragmatic reasons such as security, poverty, and access were the most significant barriers to girls’ education, challenging the traditional assumptions that perceive Afghan cultural values as the only obstacle to girls’ education. I argue that contrary to the stereotypical depiction of Afghanistan and its culture, local actors and cultural values played a vital role in promoting girls’ education.
Notes on the Wire: Telegraphic Opening and Ideology in Modern Afghanistan
Authors: Mojaddedi Fatima
Published: April 2023

This article considers the cultural and political force of the telegraph in early twentieth-century Afghanistan where new media technology influenced the social milieu and transformed the sense of contemporary consciousness. I consider how wired and wireless telegraphy were interwoven with Allied imperial aims in the inter-war years and specifically how they became a much-anticipated medium of global connectivity and of ideological anxiety and political sabotage. I argue that at the heart of this tension there was a much deeper ambivalence about the place of ideological and cultural difference in the modern era of technological acquisition and a concomitant anxiety about the task of interpreting that difference.
The Genesis of the AfghanMashrūṭahMovement
Authors: Naim Hakeem
Published: April 2023

This article studies the global and transnational history of the Afghan constitutionalist (mashrūṭah) movement in the early twentieth century. It aims to contribute to the intellectual history of Afghanistan and examine it within the history of modernity, Islam, and reforms in the region, particularly in the late Ottoman Empire. It rejects the notion that the Afghan mashrūṭah movement was an indistinct group of people with a unitary ideology and argues that the Afghan mashrūṭah was an intellectually, socially, ethnically, politically diverse and complex movement, the product of intellectual, political, religious, and economic interactions of Afghans with multifaceted global ideologies such as colonialism, nationalism, Ittihad-i Islam, and top-down modernization in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
SAKINAH FAMILY OF TAHFID PESANTREN ALUMNI:
Authors: Mahmudz Mahmudz , Iksan Iksan
Published: April 2023

This article is a result of a qualitative field research. This article discusses efforts to form a sakinah family. The research location is Jombang Regency. The data of this research are alumni of Madrasatul Qur'an Islamic boarding school Tebuireng Jombang who are domiciled in Jombang Regency. This study concludes that marriage counseling to maintain household harmony, one of which can be done independently through istiqamahan interacting with the Qur'an. This argument is based on data from the family of alumni who have memorized the Koran PP. Madrasataul Qur'an Tebuireng in Diwek district, Jombang. The alumni practice the routine of memorizing the Qur'an, always remembering Allah (taqarrub), tadarus Al-Qur`an every day, praying in congregation, being open between family members. The alumni carry out several family functions, namely educational, religious, protective, economic, and recreational functions.

Keywords: marriage counseling, happy family, pesantren alumni.

 

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Abdurrab Nawabuddin, Kaifa Tahfazhul Qur`an.

Abi Daud, Sunan Abi Daud. Jilid 1, Dar al-Fikr, Mesir, 1990, h. 327, no. hadits: 1455

Ahsin W Al Hafidz, Bimbingan Praktis Menghafal Al-Qur`an.

Amin, H. A., Masrokhin, M., & Anwar, K. (2021). GUARDIANS CONCEPT IN QUR’AN PERSPECTIVE . SHAKHSIYAH BURHANIYAH: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Islam , 6(1), 95 - 114. https://doi.org/10.33752/sbjphi.v6i1.1642

Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia, Al-Qur`an dan Terjemahan, Yayasan Penyelenggara Penterjemah/ Pentafsir Alquran (Jakarta, 2001).

Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia, Al-Qur‟an dan Terjemahan, Yayasan Penyelenggara Penterjemah/ Pentafsir Alquran (Jakarta, 2001)

Hadist, Shahih Muslim, No. 4803

J.R. Raco, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Jenis, Karakteristik dan Keunggulannya

Lexy J. Moleong, Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif.

Marzuki, Metodologi Riset, (Yogyakarta: Prasetia Widia Pratama Yogyakarta, 2000).

Nasution, Metode Research: Penelitian Ilmiah, (Bandung: Jemmars, 1991)

Quraish Shihab, Mukjizat Al-Qur`an (Ditinjau dari Aspek Kebahasaan, Aspek Ilmiah dan Pemberitahuan Ghaib), (Bandung: Mizan, 1997).

Wawancara dengan Bapak Abdullah Tamam  (Kamis, 28 Juni 2018)

Wawancara dengan Bapak H. Ali Said, M.HI (Selasa, 26 Juni 2018)

Wawancara dengan Bapak K.H. Ahmad Syakir Ridlwan, Lc, M.HI (Rabu, 27 Juni 2018)

Wawancara dengan Bapak K.H. Muhammad Fauzan Kamal, S.Ag dan Ibu Nyai Naili Nur Fadhilah (26 Jumi 2018)

Zaitunah Subhan, Membina Keluarga Sakinah, (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Amani, 2004), H. 6.
Utilidad de la medición de la hormona paratiroidea sérica como predictor de hipocalcemia posterior a tiroidectomía
Authors: Quinteros Carlos Andrés , Herrera Cevallos Glenda Yamira , Bustamante Paredes Kathy Alexandra
Published: April 2023

Introducción: Laprevalencia del cáncer de tiroides es del 4 al 7%, en Ecuador alcanza una tasa de 16/100.000 habitantes, en la mayoría de casos requiere resolución quirúrgica asociando una tasa de complicaciones del 2 al 15%, de estas la hipocalcemia representa al menos el 10.9%. El objetivo delpresente estudio fue evaluar la utilidad de la medición de la hormona paratiroidea sérica (PTH) como predictor de hipocalcemia posterior a tiroidectomía.

Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico de pacientes con tiroidectomía en el Hospital Metropolitano de Quito, en el periodo enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2019. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas, quirúrgicas y complicaciones. Se comparó la relación de la PTH con la presencia de hipocalcemia clínica, serológica o ambas mediante RP, sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP, VPN, LR. Otras variables confusoras se analizaron mediante regresión logística multinomial comparando sus OR.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 212 registros, 15.6% hombres y 84.4% mujeres, con promedio de 52.1 años. La indicación principal de tiroidectomía fue por Carcinoma papilar 123 (58.0%). Las complicaciones fueron el 22.7%. Un total de 48 pacientes desarrollaron hipocalcemia. Los niveles de PTH < 10 ng/l predicen la hipocalcemia con sensibilidad de 0.55, especificidad 0.78, VPP: 43%, VPN: 85%, RP fue 2.91 (IC 95% 1.06 - 8.01).

Conclusiones: La cuantificación de PTH en 10 ng/l o menos, es útil para predecir hipocalcemia clínica en los pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía total.
Starka känslor
Authors: Löfgren Håkan , Faleström Caroline , Råbesjö Linda , Stafstedt Britta , Strömberg Lars , Finnberg Patrik , Selberg Josefine , Dahlborg Susanne , Hallqvist Anders , Grönlund Agneta
Published: April 2023

I denna artikel presenteras resultat från ett ULF-projekt där lärare på en gymnasieskola, i samverkan med forskare från LiU, samlat in och analyserat elevers skrivna berättelser om sina erfarenheter av emotioner i relation till prestationer under de år som de gått på gymnasiet. En slutsats vi drar är att fler skolor bör analysera sin egen praktik angående emotioner i relation med bedömningstillfällen och att den metod lärare och forskare utvecklat i detta projekt ger gott stöd i ett sådant arbete. Det kan få stor betydelse för lärares arbete och för elevers lust att lära och prestera i skolan.
Embedding Scientific Communication and Digital Capabilities in the Undergraduate Biomedical Science Curriculum
Authors: Millar Beverley C. , Tarasov Andrei , Ternan Nigel , Moore John E. , Murphy Colette
Published: April 2023

Introduction:Scientific communication, particularly the dissemination of research findings to both the scientific community and the general public, are skills required of graduates embarking on post-graduate studies and employment within the biomedical sciences sector. The aims of this action research project were to i) co-design an online scientific communication and digital capabilities resource, constructively aligned to the learning objectives of a final year undergraduate investigative research project; ii) ensure resource flexibility for future adaptation by others iii) embed authentic scientific communication learning assessments, namely, the preparation of a lay summary and visual abstract and iv) promote students’ awareness of developed digital capabilities and transferable skills through written reflection.

Materials and Methods:Student engagement, self-efficacy, experiences and performance and staff perceptions (n= 15) were evaluated by a mixed methods approach. Qualitative data was gathered from focus sessions, free text responses within questionnaires and content analysis of students’ written reflections (n= 104). Quantitative data from 5-point Likert responses within student questionnaires (n= 31) and analysis of student scientific and lay writing (n= 146) using the readability parameters Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Flesch Reading Ease were analysed using non-parametric statistical methods.

Results:A learning resource was co-designed with students, staff, local, national and international contributors and valued by both students and staff, enabling students to prepare scientific communication outputs of a professional standard by application of digital, analytical and scientific communication skills. Students prepared lay summaries which were statistically (p< 0.0001) more readable than their paired scientific abstracts. Significant correlations between easier readability of lay summaries and awarded marks for the written elements of the module were noted. Students reported their digital and communication capabilities increased significantly (p< 0.0001) throughout, from limited to good/excellent and reflected on the numerous transferable skills developed during preparation of assessments, with 75% reflecting on their digital capabilities.

Discussion:Undergraduate students developed, appreciated and used varied scientific communication and digital skills to articulate research findings. The embedding of such activities throughout all levels of higher education will enable students to develop their digital and scientific skills and reflect on the development of such transferable skills for application in their future careers.
An image cryptography method by highly error-prone DNA storage channel
Authors: Zan Xiangzhen , Chu Ling , Xie Ranze , Su Yanqing , Yao Xiangyu , Xu Peng , Liu Wenbin
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Rapid development in synthetic technologies has boosted DNA as a potential medium for large-scale data storage. Meanwhile, how to implement data security in the DNA storage system is still an unsolved problem.

Methods: In this article, we propose an image encryption method based on the modulation-based storage architecture. The key idea is to take advantage of the unpredictable modulation signals to encrypt images in highly error-prone DNA storage channels.

Results and Discussion: Numerical results have demonstrated that our image encryption method is feasible and effective with excellent security against various attacks (statistical, differential, noise, and data loss). When compared with other methods such as the hybridization reactions of DNA molecules, the proposed method is more reliable and feasible for large-scale applications.
Polyol-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles using the refluxing method as an efficient photocatalytic and antimicrobial agent
Authors: Walunj Payal , Roy Arpita , Jadhav Vikram , Athare Pragati , Dhaygude Akshay , Aher Jayraj , Algethami Jari S. , Lokhande Dnyaneshwar , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Bhagare Arun , Alghamdi Saad , Eltayeb Lienda Bashier , Al-Moraya Issa Saad , Yadav Krishna Kumar , Ahn Yongtae , Jeon Byong-Hun
Published: April 2023

Nanomaterials have attracted more curiosity recently because of their wide-ranging application in environmental remediation and electronic devices. The current study focuses on zinc oxide nanoparticles’ (ZnO NPs) simple production, characterization, and applications in several fields, including medicinal and photocatalytic degradation of dyes. The non-aqueous-based reflux method is helpful for ZnO NP synthesis; the procedure involves refluxing zinc acetate dihydrate precursor in ethylene glycol for 3 hours in the absence of sodium acetate, in which the refluxing rate and the cooling rate are optimized to get the desired phase, and the unique morphology of polyol-mediated ZnO NPs; it has been achieved using the capping agent TBAB (tetra-butyl ammonium bromide) and precursor zinc acetate dihydrate. UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM structurally characterized polyol-mediated ZnO-NPs. The results show that the material is pure and broadly aggregated into spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 18.09 nm. According to XRD analysis, heat annealing made the crystallites more prominent and favored a monocrystalline state. These results and the low cost of making polyol-mediated ZnO NPs demonstrate photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties.
Look who’s TORking: mTOR-mediated integration of cell status and external signals during limb development and endochondral bone growth
Authors: H’ng Chee Ho , Khaladkar Ashwini , Rosello-Diez Alberto
Published: April 2023

The balance of cell proliferation and size is key for the control of organ development and repair. Moreover, this balance has to be coordinated within tissues and between tissues to achieve robustness in the organ’s pattern and size. The tetrapod limb has been used to study these topics during development and repair, and several conserved pathways have emerged. Among them, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, despite being active in several cell types and developmental stages, is one of the least understood in limb development, perhaps because of its multiple potential roles and interactions with other pathways. In the body of this review, we have collated and integrated what is known about the role of mTOR signaling in three aspects of tetrapod limb development: 1) limb outgrowth; 2) chondrocyte differentiation after mesenchymal condensation and 3) endochondral ossification-driven longitudinal bone growth. We conclude that, given its ability to interact with the most common signaling pathways, its presence in multiple cell types, and its ability to influence cell proliferation, size and differentiation, the mTOR pathway is a critical integrator of external stimuli and internal status, coordinating developmental transitions as complex as those taking place during limb development. This suggests that the study of the signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in limb patterning, morphogenesis and growth could benefit from probing the interaction of these pathways with mTOR components.
Protein quality control and aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum: From basic to bedside
Authors: Chen Guofang , Wei Tingyi , Ju Furong , Li Haisen
Published: April 2023

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest membrane-bound compartment in all cells and functions as a key regulator in protein biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and calcium balance. Mammalian endoplasmic reticulum has evolved with an orchestrated protein quality control system to handle defective proteins and ensure endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Nevertheless, the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum may occur during pathological conditions. The inability of endoplasmic reticulum quality control system to clear faulty proteins and aggregates from the endoplasmic reticulum results in the development of many human disorders. The efforts to comprehensively understand endoplasmic reticulum quality control network and protein aggregation will benefit the diagnostics and therapeutics of endoplasmic reticulum storage diseases. Herein, we overview recent advances in mammalian endoplasmic reticulum protein quality control system, describe protein phase transition model, and summarize the approaches to monitor protein aggregation. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic applications of enhancing endoplasmic reticulum protein quality control pathways in endoplasmic reticulum storage diseases.
Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in cold-chain transportation environments and the efficacy of disinfection measures
Authors: Peng Shuyi , Li Guojie , Lin Yuyin , Guo Xiaolan , Xu Hao , Qiu Wenxi , Zhu Huijuan , Zheng Jiaying , Sun Wei , Hu Xiaodong , Zhang Guohua , Li Bing , Pathak Janak L. , Bi Xinhui , Dai Jianwei
Published: April 2023

Background

Low temperature is conducive to the survival of COVID-19. Some studies suggest that cold-chain environment may prolong the survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and increase the risk of transmission. However, the effect of cold-chain environmental factors and packaging materials on SARS-CoV-2 stability remains unclear.

Methods

This study aimed to reveal cold-chain environmental factors that preserve the stability of SARS-CoV-2 and further explore effective disinfection measures for SARS-CoV-2 in the cold-chain environment. The decay rate of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in the cold-chain environment, on various types of packaging material surfaces, i.e., polyethylene plastic, stainless steel, Teflon and cardboard, and in frozen seawater was investigated. The influence of visible light (wavelength 450 nm-780 nm) and airflow on the stability of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus at -18°C was subsequently assessed.

Results

Experimental data show that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus decayed more rapidly on porous cardboard surfaces than on nonporous surfaces, including polyethylene (PE) plastic, stainless steel, and Teflon. Compared with that at 25°C, the decay rate of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus was significantly lower at low temperatures. Seawater preserved viral stability both at -18°C and with repeated freeze−thaw cycles compared with that in deionized water. Visible light from light-emitting diode (LED) illumination and airflow at -18°C reduced SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus stability.

Conclusion

Our studies indicate that temperature and seawater in the cold chain are risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and LED visible light irradiation and increased airflow may be used as disinfection measures for SARS-CoV-2 in the cold-chain environment.
Conduction delays across the specialized conduction system of the heart: Revisiting atrioventricular node (AVN) and Purkinje-ventricular junction (PVJ) delays
Authors: Choi Bum-Rak , Ziv Ohad , Salama Guy
Published: April 2023

Background and significance

The specialized conduction system (SCS) of the heart was extensively studied to understand the synchronization of atrial and ventricular contractions, the large atrial to His bundle (A-H) delay through the atrioventricular node (AVN), and delays between Purkinje (P) and ventricular (V) depolarization at distinct junctions (J), PVJs. Here, we use optical mapping of perfused rabbit hearts to revisit the mechanism that explains A-H delay and the role of a passive electrotonic step-delay at the boundary between atria and the AVN. We further visualize how the P anatomy controls papillary activation and valve closure before ventricular activation.

Methods

Rabbit hearts were perfused with a bolus (100–200 µl) of a voltage-sensitive dye (di4ANEPPS), blebbistatin (10–20 µM for 20 min) then the right atrial appendage and ventricular free-wall were cut to expose the AVN, P fibers (PFs), the septum, papillary muscles, and the endocardium. Fluorescence images were focused on a CMOS camera (SciMedia) captured at 1K-5 K frames/s from 100 × 100 pixels.

Results

AP propagation across the AVN-His (A-H) exhibits distinct patterns of delay and conduction blocks during S1–S2 stimulation. Refractory periods were 81 ± 9, 90 ± 21, 185 ± 15 ms for Atrial, AVN, and His, respectively. A large delay (>40 ms) occurs between atrial and AVN activation that increased during rapid atrial pacing contributing to the development of Wenckebach periodicity followed by delays within the AVN through slow or blocked conduction. The temporal resolution of the camera allowed us to identify PVJs by detecting doublets of AP upstrokes. PVJ delays were heterogeneous, fastest in PVJ that immediately trigger ventricular APs (3.4 ± 0.8 ms) and slow in regions where PF appear insulated from the neighboring ventricular myocytes (7.8 ± 2.4 ms). Insulated PF along papillary muscles conducted APs (>2 m/s), then triggered papillary muscle APs (<1 m/s), followed by APs firing of septum and endocardium. The anatomy of PFs and PVJs produced activation patterns that control the sequence of contractions ensuring that papillary contractions close the tricuspid valve 2–5 ms before right ventricular contractions.

Conclusions

The specialized conduction system can be accessed optically to investigate the electrical properties of the AVN, PVJ and activation patterns in physiological and pathological conditions.
Experimental research on the effect caused by effective stress change in injection production capacity of carbonate reservoir
Authors: Gao Xinping , Yang Jian , Han Huifen , Peng Junliang , Peng Huan , Yang Zhifan
Published: April 2023

The effective stress of the reservoir rock in the underground gas storage (UGS) changes with the multi cycle injection and production, which changes the physical characteristics of the reservoir and affects the injection production capacity of the UGS. Taking carbonate fracture-pore type gas storage as the research object, combined with the actual production of UGS, establish a set of experimental evaluation methods based on production characteristics; Core damage evaluator, overburden pressure porosimeter and scanning electron microscope are used to carry out experimental research on the impact of effective stress change on injection production capacity, quantitative analysis of reservoir internal characteristics, multi cycle injection and production and effect of effective stress action time on injection-production capacity. The results show, the experimental method established based on the actual production characteristics of the UGS, simulation of multi cycle injection and production by forward and reverse displacement, simulation of effective stress change under constant confining pressure and variable internal pressure, the experimental evaluation of the injection production capacity of the simulation multi cycle injection and production of the UGS is realized; The change of effective stress makes the reservoir seepage characteristics worse and the reservoir space smaller, injection-production coefficient (Szc) is positively correlated with the internal characteristic value of the reservoir, the larger the internal characteristic value of the reservoir, the higher Szc, and the better the injection production capacity; The injection production capacity of the UGS reservoir deteriorates with the increase of the injection production cycle, in the 4th injection production cycle, the injection production capacity of the UGS changes from moderately strong to moderately weak; The damage of effective stress to the injection production capacity of UGS mainly occurs in the initial stage of injection production, and the damage tends to be stable with the progress of injection production. The conclusion is that the change of effective stress in carbonate fracture-pore type gas storage makes the injection-production capacity of the reservoir worse, it is proposed to carry out reservoir reconstruction before the UGS is put into operation, and expand the capacity of the gas storage after the completion of the 3rd injection and production cycle, which can effectively offset the impact of the decline of injection production capacity of the UGS and play the role of reservoir protection, it provides a constructive idea for improving the operation efficiency of the UGS.
Gas-bearing prediction of deep reservoir based on DNN embeddings
Authors: Ma Shuying , Cao Junxing , Liu Zhege , Jiang Xudong , Su Zhaodong , Xue Ya-juan
Published: April 2023

The extraction of gas-bearing information from the deeply underground reservoir is extremely difficult due to the weak seismic response and complicated gas distribution characteristics. To predict gas-bearing reservoirs efficiently, we developed a deep neural network (DNN) embedding-based gas-bearing prediction scheme. First, the cepstrum coefficient that is sensitive to hydrocarbons is computed using the raw seismic data. A DNN model inspired by the x-vector in speech recognition is designed, comprising the long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and two fully connected (FC) networks, stacked from the bottom to the top layer. Then, the cepstrum features are fed into the DNN for training and testing, and DNN embedding is extracted from the top layers after optimized network parameters are determined. Finally, the gas-bearing probability of the reservoir is predicted by calculating the cosine distance between pairs of DNN embeddings. When applied to synthetic seismic data, the proposed method offers greater than 90% accuracy at SNR > 3 dB. Besides, the predicted result applied in deep carbonate reservoirs in China’s Sichuan Basin is in basic agreement with the actual situation, demonstrating the certain feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Full waveform inversion based on dynamic data matching of convolutional wavefields
Authors: Zhou Liming , Dong Shiqi , Han Liguo , Zhang Pan , Hu Yong
Published: April 2023

Cycle skipping problem caused by the absent of low frequencies and inaccurate initial model makes full waveform inversion (FWI) deviate from the true model. A novel method is proposed to mitigate cycle skipping phenomenon by dynamic data matching which improves the matching of synthetic and observed events to regulate the updating of initial model in a correct direction. 1-dimentional (1-D) Gaussian convolutional kernels with different lengths are used to extract features of each time sample in each trace which represents the integrated properties of wavefield at different time ranges centered on each time sample. According to the minimum Euclidean distance of the features, the optimally matched pairs of time samples in the observed and synthetic trace can be found. A constraint evaluates the reliability of dynamic matching by attenuating the amplitude of synthetic data according to the values of traveltime differences between each pairs of optimally matched time samples is proposed to improve the accuracy of data matching. In addition, Gaussian kernels have the capability to extract features of time samples contaminated by strong noises accurately to improve the robustness of the propose method further. The selection scheme of optimal parameters is discussed and concluded to ensure the convergence of the proposed method. Numerical tests on Marmousi model verify the feasibility of the propose method. The proposed method provides a new approach to tackle the convergence problem of FWI when using the field seismic data.
Experimental studies of instability process and energy evolution of tunnels under true triaxial stresses: The role of pre-existed flaws
Authors: Li Binglei , Li Jianing , Hu Hongyuan , Gong Jinrui , Luo Tao
Published: April 2023

In the natural geological environment, there are many joints, faults and cavities. These natural defects will have an impact on the stability of tunnels. This paper investigates different conditions of surrounding rock: intact surrounding rock, surrounding rock with open-flaw and surrounding rock with filled-flaw under the true triaxial test. The effect of different surrounding rock conditions on the internal failure characteristics of tunnel under true triaxial conditions is explored. According to the characteristics of energy evolution and chaos theory, the failure characteristics inside the tunnel is divided into stages. The results show that: 1) The failure characteristics in the tunnel are different for different surrounding rock conditions. The failure characteristics do not represent the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; 2) The trend of energy dissipation is different under different surrounding rock conditions. The elastic stage of the surrounding rock is shortened and the dissipation energy shows an earlier upward trend as its integrity declines. 3) When analysing the tunnel, chaos theory can give early warnings about the instability of the surrounding rock, but it can not give early warning of particle spray and spalling inside the tunnel.