bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lettere di Alessandro: Storia degli Studi
Authors: Monti Giustina
Published: September 2024

In this paper I offer an overview of modern scholarship on the letters of Alexander the Great, starting from the eighteenth century. I aim to show that—contrary to what one would imagine—most modern scholars generally deemed the letters to be authentic, and that the scepticism about the epistles was strongly influenced by the role Plutarch played in their transmission, by the idea of the presence of a collection on which the Romance of Alexander was based, and by the link between the letters and Chares, the court chamberlain.
Ch. 3. Contemporary Historiography and Ptolemy’s Creation of an ‘Egyptian’ Alexander
Authors: Pownall Frances
Published: September 2024

In the wake of the premature death of Alexander the Great, contemporary historiography began to reconfigure his image in response to the aims and ambitions of the various Successors. Ptolemy I was arguably the most successful in reworking the events of Alexander’s campaign in service to his political and military agenda. In particular, Ptolemy took care to excise all the non-Egyptian elements from his narrative of Alexander’s consultation of the oracle at Siwah in order to represent him as a Ptolemaic predecessor, thus laying a solid foundation for his new dynasty based in Alexandria.
Published in Andrew G. Scott,, ed., Studies in Contemporary Historiography (HISTOS Supplement 15), p. 39-63.
Lettere dal Fronte
Authors: Gazzano Francesca
Published: September 2024

Il saggio esamina le trattative diplomatiche intercorse durante l’ultima fase della guerra del Peloponneso (la guerra ionica, 413–404 a.C.) e si fonda in particolare sulla descrizione tucididea degli eventi degli anni 413–410. La ricerca si propone di mettere in rilievo le modalità in cui la tradizionale pratica diplomatica greca venne alterata dal nuovo scenario del conflitto e dalla stasis ateniese del 411, al fine di contribuire a chiarire alcuni tratti peculiari (assenza di discorsi diretti, inclusione di documenti e lettere) della narrazione tucididea nel libro ottavo dell’opera.
Introduction
Authors: Lateiner Donald
Published: September 2024

Published in Donald Lateiner, ed., The Autobiography of A. E. Raubitschek (HISTOS Supplement 1), p. 1-10.
Explaining the End of an Empire: the Use of Ancient Greek Religious Views in Late Byzantine Historiography
Authors: Bakker Mathieu de
Published: September 2024

This article studies the reception of the religious views of Herodotus and Thucydides in the works of the late-Byzantine historiographers Kritoboulos and Laonikos Chalkokondyles. Both reflect upon the great changes that took place during their lives, most notably the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans under their Sultan Mehmed II in 1453. In their evaluations of these events, they—unlike their contemporaries—avoided Christian doctrine and preferred explanatory models that found their origins in Herodotus and Thucydides and that favoured ‘fortune’ (τύχη) as the primary force in historical causation. In their narratives, they adopted caution (Herodotus) and discretion (Thucydides) on matters of religious doctrine and chose to ascribe more explicit views, for instance about divine retribution, to their characters. Their use of classical models can be considered to result from attempts to ‘anchor’ an innovative approach towards the past within contemporary intellectual debate.
Published in Anthony Ellis, ed., God in History (HISTOS Supplement 4), p. 127-71.
Herodotus magister vitae, or: Herodotus and God in the Protestant Reformation
Authors: Ellis Anthony
Published: September 2024

During the sixteenth century Herodotus’ Histories reached new audiences throughout Europe, in Greek, Latin, and the vernaculars. This period saw the emergence of an extensive scholarly literature on Herodotus, particularly in German-speaking lands, where Lutheran reformers and academics worked concertedly to incorporate Greek historiography into the new didactic curriculum of Protestant humanism. This article explores Herodotus’ reception in the context of the religious and cultural upheavals of the Reformation, and examines the origins and impact of some striking claims: that Herodotus’ religious beliefs were largely commensurable with Christianity; that his Histories were part of a divine plan to create a continuous record of world history; and that his was an excellent text with which to illustrate the Biblical Ten Commandments. In tracing a little-known chapter in the Christianisation of Herodotus, I focus on the close-knit circle of Hellenists trained by the Lutheran reformer Philipp Melanchthon and on the prodigious Francophone scholars Henri Estienne and Isaac Casaubon.
Published in Anthony Ellis, ed., God in History (HISTOS Supplement 4), p. 173-245.
Introduction
Authors: Ellis Anthony
Published: September 2024

This introduction offers a brief overview of the Socratic and Platonic background to later perceptions of Herodotus’ views about the nature of god, and specifically the notion that god is phthoneros (‘jealous’, ‘envious’, ‘grudging’). Following this theme through later centuries, it then argues that the writings of Plato subtly influenced the theological discourse of subsequent classical, Hellenistic, and Christian historiography, and coloured reactions to Herodotus at all periods, from the fourth century BC to 15th-century Byzantium. This diachronic approach reveals a long-standing tension between the presentation of the gods in Herodotean historiography, on the one hand, and Platonic and Christian theology, on the other.
Published in Anthony Ellis, ed., God in History (HISTOS Supplement 4), p. 17-40.
Ch. 1. Athenian Leaders in Xenophon's Memorabilia
Authors: Tamiolaki Melina
Published: September 2024

This paper studies three categories of Athenian leaders in Xenophon’s Memorabilia: Socrates’ notorious pupils, Critias and Alcibiades; Pericles and Themistocles, illustrious democrats; and potential future leaders. Against the common view that Xenophon was hostile towards Critias and Alcibiades, we show how Xenophon’s account mitigates their initially negative characterisations. Xenophon’s treatment of Pericles and Themistocles reveals subtle criticism of their policies and assimilates their positive qualities to Spartan or Persian models. Finally, prospective leaders seem insu8cient compared with their renowned ancestors or Socrates, but possess important dialectical skills that allow them to highlight both the benefits and limitations of Socratic political teaching.
Published in Richard Fernando Buxton, ed., Aspects of Leadership in Xenophon (HISTOS Supplement 5), p. 1-49.
Ch. 3. Piety in Xenophon's Theory of Leadership
Authors: Flower Michael
Published: September 2024

The central theme in Xenophon’s writings is to isolate and articulate the qualities of the ideal leader. His ideal leader secures consent to his leadership, treats his followers as friends, and works for their mutual success as a group with shared interests. An additional essential aspect, however, has escaped the attention of most modern scholars. This aspect is Xenophon’s emphasis on the leader’s piety and on his ability to maintain a proper relationship with the gods. He principally does this by securing their advice and goodwill through sacrifice, divination, and the avoidance of impious actions. In this article the stress on the leader’s piety as the sine qua non of effective leadership is traced through Xenophon’s corpus.
Published in Richard Fernando Buxton, ed., Aspects of Leadership in Xenophon (HISTOS Supplement 5), p. 85-119.
Ch. 6. Subordinate Officers in Xenophon's Anabasis
Authors: Huitink Luuk , Rood Tim
Published: September 2024

This chapter focuses on Xenophon’s treatment of divisions within the command structure presented in the Anabasis, and in particular on three military positions that are briefly mentioned—the taxiarch, ὑποστράτηγος, and ὑπολόχαγος. Arguing against the prescriptive military hierarchies proposed in earlier scholarship, it suggests that ‘taxiarch’ should be understood fluidly and that the appearance of both the ὑποστράτηγος and the ὑπολόχαγος may be due to interpolation. The chapter also includes discussion of two types of comparative material: procedures for replacing dead, absent, or deposed generals at Athens and Sparta in the Classical period, and the lexical development of subordinate positions with the prefix ὑπο-.
Published in Richard Fernando Buxton, ed., Aspects of Leadership in Xenophon (HISTOS Supplement 5), p. 199-242.
Ch. 7. Response and Further Thoughts
Authors: Dillery John
Published: September 2024

Published in Richard Fernando Buxton, ed., Aspects of Leadership in Xenophon (HISTOS Supplement 5), p. 243-77.
SUCCINATE-RECEPTOR SYSTEM OF BONE AND CARTILAGE TISSUE IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC PHENOTYPE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Shodiev D.R. , Zvyagina V.I. , Ryabova M.N. , Marsyanova Yu. A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Melatonin, by inducing the expression of antioxidant enzymes and signaling proteins, enhances the effects in the development of pathological processes occurring against the background of oxidative stress, therefore the stabilization of the protective principles of melatonin is a rel-evant area of research, allowing us to identify new ways of development and treatment of osteoarthritis. The aim. To study the effect of melatonin on the succinate receptor system of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis under conditions of oxidative stress in vitro. Materials and methods. The in vitro study was carried out on chondrocyte cell cultures. Melatonin was added to chondrocytes to obtain final con-centrations of 100 μM and 500 μM; and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) – 200 µM. The duration of exposure was 24 hours for melatonin and 12 hours for H2O2. Succinate levels and expression of its receptor (SUCNR1) were determined in mitochondria and chondrocyte lysates. Results. It was found that the addition of H2O2 at a dose of 200 μM to the nutrient medium for 12 hours led to a fold increase in the level of succinate and SUCNR1 expression in chondrocyte cells. Pre-incubation of chondrocyte cells with melatonin at concentrations of 100 µM and 500 µM, followed by modeling of oxidative stress (H2O2 200 µM) led to a decrease in the expression of the succinate receptor system. Conclusion. When Н2О2 is added to the cellular environment of chondrocytes, high expression of SUCNR1 and an increase in succinate levels are ob-served. Melatonin treatment limits Н2О2-induced succinate accumulation and reduces SUCNR1 expression in human chondrocyte cells of the metabolic phenotype of osteoarthritis
MENENTUKAN KELAYAKAN USAHA DENGAN METODE DENGAN METODE NPV DAN IRR BAGI SISWA SMK MUHAMMADIYAH JEMBER
Authors: Karim M. Ainul , S Raja Eko Dwi , A Oky Yudi , Yahya Helmi , Bagus Wahyu , Firmansyah Muhammad , Azizah Nur Jannah , L Adinda Fitriyah , Aini Qurrotul , Gunasti Amri
Published: September 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat oleh mahasiswa adalah upaya mahasiswa untuk mendampingi dan memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat dengan tujuan meningkatkan dan memberdayakan masyarakat melalui penerapan aplikasi, desain, teknologi, atau perubahan sosial positif. Masalah yang di hadapi siswa/i SMA khususnya SMK kurangnya pembekalan tentang pembuatan suatu usaha khususnya menentukan kelayakan suatu usaha. Untuk membantu hal tersebut maka diadakannya pengabdian oleh mahasiswa tentang materi kelayakan finansial dengan menggunakan metode NVP dan IRR. Sehingga siswa/i SMK Muhammadiyah Jember memiliki pandangan jika ingin memulai suatu usaha apa saja yang harus dipersiapkan dengan matang agar keputusan yang diambil tidak salah langkah. Mulai dari persiapan hingga pelaksanaan serta penulisan laporan dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2024. Jenis kegiatan yang diadakan adalah sosialisasi. Kegiatan tersebut dilaksanakan sesuai jadwal dan diikuti oleh sekitar 13 peserta. Sosialisasi berjalan lancar dan diikuti oleh siswa-siswi kelas 11 SMK Muhammadiyah Jember. Dari kegiatan sosialisasi yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bawa kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa-siswi kelas 11 SMK Muhammadiyah Jember tentang menentukan kelayakan suatu usaha dengan metode NVP dan IRR sehingga jika setelah lulus mereka ingin membangun suatu usaha sudah mendapatkan bekal untuk menentuka kelayakan usaha yang akan mereka bangun.Keywords: Pengabdian kepada masyarakat oleh mahasiswa, NVP, IRR, Sosialisasi, Analisis kelayan finansial
PEMBINAAN DAN MAINTENANCE PERALATAN KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS PEMBANTU CANGGU
Authors: Mahardiananta I Made Agus , Suhartono Suhartono , Istri Dharmayanti Cokorda , Gunawan I Kadek Agus Riki , Gunawan I Putu Adi Surya
Published: September 2024

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia, yang meliputi pendidikan, penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Dalam lingkup teknik elektromedik, pengabdian kepada masyarakat memiliki peran yang sangat strategis dalam mendukung peningkatan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di puskesmas pembantu canggu ingin melakukan pembinaan terkait dengan maintenance peralatan kesehatan yang diantaranya terdiri dari kegiatan inventarisasi peralatan, perbaikan alat dan sosialisasi penggunaan alat kesehatan. Dengan dilaksanakannya kegiatan pengabdian ini diharapkan tercipta sistem kesehatan yang lebih baik dan berkelanjutan di puskesmas pembantu canggu. Medote yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan pengecekan alat langsung di lapangan. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian di puskesmas pembantu canggu hampir semua alat bisa diperbaiki kerusakannya, namun ada satu alat yaitu kulkas vaksin tidak dapat diperbaiki dan diberikan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan sparepart. Serta menambah wawasan tentang operasional alat medis yang digunakan agar selalu aktif, akurat, dan tentunya dapat membantu kegiatan medis.
PEMANFAATAN PROBIOTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PAKAN TERNAK SAPI PADA KELOMPOK TERNAK DI TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Agustian Dita , Nuryadin Egi Nuryadin , Aisyah Iis Aisyah
Published: September 2024

Kebutuhan pakan yang murah dan berkualitas merupakan salah satu tantangan utama yang dihadapi oleh setiap peternak sapi, baik pada peternakan dengan konsep pembiakan maupun penggemukan. Pakan ternak berkualitas selalu identik dengan harga yang mahal, sehingga sulit didapat oleh para peternak sapi yang mayoritas merupakan peternak skala kecil sampai menengah. Salah satu cara untuk menghasilkan pakan murah dan berkualitas adalah dengan membuat pakan fermentasi dari rumput hijauan atau jerami padi. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan kepada para peternak dalam menghasilkan pakan yang murah dan berkualitas dari bahan-bahan yang tersedia dan bahkan dari bahan-bahan yang dianggap limbah. Pelaksanaan program dilakukan dengan sosialisasi dan simulasi pembuatan pakan fermentasi secara langsung oleh para peternak dengan didampingi oleh tim pelaksana pengabdian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak dalam menghasilkan pakan fermentasi mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan, palatabilitas ternak terhadap pakan meningkat, dan jumlah kotoran yang menurun. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi para peternak dalam menghasilkan pakan murah dan berkualitas, sehingga dapat meningkatkan keuntungan yang didapat dengan menekan biaya operasional, mengefisienkan waktu, serta memanfaatkan dan mengurangi limbah yang dapat mencemari lingkungan.
ESTRATÉGIA E DESAFIOS DE CAPTAÇÃO DOS USUÁRIOS COM SINTOMAS PÓS COVID NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Rodrigues Neto Jorge Lopes , Oliveira Ana Beatriz Ferreira de , Santos Joice Rafaela Magalhães dos , Monteiro Thainá Melo , Souza Amanda Jordana Silva , Pinto Denise da Silva
Published: September 2024

Contextualização: A pandemia desencadeada pelo COVID-19 foi desafiadora para a Saúde Pública em todos os seus níveis de atenção. E, para além da fase crítica da doença e das hospitalizações, as sequel
GUIA EDUCACIONAL PARA O ENSINO NA RESIDÊNCIA MULTIPROFISSIONAL
Authors: Silva Pâmela Oliveira da , Galvão Edna Ferreira Coelho , Alves Erik Artur Cortinhas
Published: September 2024

O presente produto de ensino é fruto da dissertação de mestrado intitulada: “Ensino em Saúde na Residência Multiprofissional em Educação Física – Produto Educacional para Residentes Multiprofissionais atuantes em Hospitais de Referência em Cuidados Psiquiátricos”, submetido ao Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu de Ensino em Saúde na Amazônia (ESA), da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA).
Este produto foi elaborado a partir das potencialidades e fragilidades relatadas pelos residentes multiprofissionais de educação física da UEPA, sobre aspectos de sua formação inicial na graduação e durante o decorrer de sua inserção nesta modalidade de pós-graduação que é a Residência Multiprofissional.
A pesquisa contou com a participação dos residentes com entradas no ano de 2022 e 2023, que a partir de uma roda de conversa categorizada em cinco eixos, puderam discursar sobre a formação em educação física, conhecimentos gerais e básicos à profissão, relação multi e interprofissional, fundamentação sobre a saúde mental, clínicas psiquiátricas e exercício físico, além de sugestões para processos de preceptoria, tutoria e possibilidades de construção de produtos técnicos e tecnológicos para área.
Como resultados, pudemos observar a fragilidade de ensino aprendizagem vivenciados pelos Residentes Multiprofissionais de Educação Física em um Hospital de Referência em Saúde Mental. A formação destes profissionais, ficou aquém das necessidades mínimas exigidas para atuação no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e no ambiente hospitalar de cuidados em Saúde Mental.
Outro fator limitante referido foi a dificuldade no planejamento e na execução das atividades propostas pela equipe de educação física, juntamente com os pacientes internados e a equipe multiprofissional. Além destes, a RM se caracteriza como um processo de formação contínua e mútua entre residentes, tutores e preceptores... posto isso, fragilidades no processo formativo desta rede de aprendizagem implica em processos formativos suscetíveis ao erro ou a má realização de processos técnicos, tecnológicos ou de ensino.
Aqui propusemos a Sequência Pedagógica de Ensino para ser desenvolvido nos processos formativos da Residência Multiprofissional, voltada para categoria de Educação Física, ao longo da carga horária total do curso preconizada pela legislação, assim como as ações destinadas ao público final que esta categoria se destina a atender: pacientes internados em hospitais de cuidados psiquiátricos.
Os conteúdos propostos possibilitam os conhecimentos iniciais sobre Saúde Mental, Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS), principais patologias encontradas, anamnese, exame do estado mental, prescrição de exercícios e avaliações físicas. Frente a isso, esperamos que este produto contribua com a formação dos futuros e atuais profissionais de Educação Física, em especial àqueles que estão inseridos na área da Psiquiatria.
Patrones de resistencia a medicamentos antituberculosos de primera línea en Risaralda, 2016-2021.
Authors: Sánchez Duque Isabel Alejandra , Marcela Díaz Adriana , Ospina Laura Jimena , Rivera Molano Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2024

Resumen:
Introducción: La tuberculosis resistente a fármacos de primera línea representa una crisis de salud pública y una amenaza para la seguridad sanitaria, motivo por el cual, se considera que la detección temprana requiere de acceso a herramientas de atención y diagnóstico rápido para iniciar un tratamiento efectivo.
Objetivo general. Analizar los patrones de resistencia a medicamentos antituberculosos de primera línea, en el departamento de Risaralda entre los años 2016 a 2021.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo observacional con intención analítica y de tipo transversal. Se determinaron los perfiles de resistencia reportados en el Sivigila a partir de fórmulas en Microsoft Excel 2010 ®. Posterior a esto se realizó el análisis en el software Jamovi.
Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 40,8 años. 29,6% fue femenino y 70,4% masculino; 3,9% eran indígenas, 0,7% negros/mulato/afro. 1,3% habitantes de calle, 2,6% pensionados, 12,5%  técnicos, tecnólogos o profesionales, 3,6% estaban presos. 60,9% eran de Pereira, 17,2% de Dosquebradas y 6,6% de la Virginia. 34,1% había recibido tratamiento de primera línea y 34,90% fueron hospitalizados. El 51,3% presentó monoresistencia, 34,3% resistencia a rifampicina, 21,7% poli resistencia y 2,6% multidrogorresistencia, hubo un caso de TB XDR, 15,80% murieron. La asociación con monoresistencia y estar hospitalizado fue p=0,002, PR 0,56 (0,373-0,842).
Conclusiones. La mayor razón de prevalencia de TB resistente fue en el municipio de La Virginia y Pueblo Rico; por su parte, la mayor relación en comorbilidades fue para VIH, diabetes y enfermedad renal.
Prediction of sleep quality in military submariners
Authors: Koppke Miranda Maria Elisa , Brito Portugal Guillermo , Ferreira Viana Bruno , Dos Santos Bunn Priscila , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Insufficient sleep in submariners can have a negative impact on operational performance and the health of this population.
Objective: develop an equation model to predict sleep quality in military submariners based on body composition, neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory variables, stress level, and sleepness.
Methods: a cross-sectional and correlational study, with a sample of 37 submariners (men: 28.11±3.45 years). Data from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) as dependent variable, and as independent variables given body composition, height, BMI, waist, body fat, dominant handgrip, cardiorespiratory fitness, squats, sit-ups, relative power of the lower limbs (PotRel LL), stress (PSS-10) and Epworth Sleepiness Assessment (ESE). The multiple linear regression test, adopting the forward stepwise method, was used to select predictor variables from the equation model to estimate the level of sleep quality.
Results: the sleep quality prediction model developed was the equation PSQI=-3.476+0.176(PSS-10)+0.165(PotRel LL) with R2adjust: 0.36 and EPE: 1.93.
Conclusion: the construction of the specific proposed model related to submariners' health demonstrated that the level of sleep quality can be estimated with a low estimation error, based on the stress level (PSS-10) and lower limb power (PotRel LL).el LL).
Estudio controlado aleatorio, efectividad analgésica del bloqueo del plano erector espinal en cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar.
Authors: Manrique Fabián , Camelo Pardo Gianmarco , Contreras Forero Francisco , Tarazona Leon Cristian , Rey Armesto David , Chaverra Santiago
Published: September 2024

Resumen
Introducción: El bloqueo del plano erector de la espina (ESP – por sus siglas en inglés) ha demostrado proporcionar analgesia tanto somática como visceral permitiendo control adecuado del dolor postoperatorio. Es una técnica regional que disminuye el uso analgésico opioides, sin embargo, en el tratamiento del manejo analgésico postquirúrgico en cirugía mayor abdominal no existen registros significativos. 
Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad analgésica del bloqueo del plano erector en cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar en el control del dolor postquirúrgico.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio tipo prospectivo, aleatorizado y controlado, seguimiento a 29 pacientes sometidos a cirugía por grupo del área de salud digestiva de cirugía Hepatopancreatobiliar y Trasplante en el Hospital Internacional de Colombia Fundación Cardiovascular entre octubre 2022 - enero 2023. Desenlace principal: la valoración del dolor y consumo de opioides de rescate postoperatorio en las primeras 24 horas. Criterios de inclusión: <18 años, programación cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar, aceptación participación y criterios exclusión: menores de edad, trastornos de la coagulación severos, infección sitio inyección bloqueo, alergias a anestésicos locales. 
Resultados: 29 pacientes sometidos a cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar se aleatorizaron entre bloqueo ESP y no bloqueo ESP. Hubo diferencia en la cantidad de opioides en las primeras 24 horas entre los grupos, siendo el puntaje de dolor menor en los pacientes con bloqueo.
Conclusión: El bloqueo ESP es una importante alternativa anestésica en los procedimientos de cirugía hepatopancreatobiliar mayor, entendiendo que es una alternativa eficaz y segura en el tratamiento de este tipo de pacientes de la mano de un equipo multidisciplinario.
Palabras Claves Anestesia; Analgesia; Dolor Abdominal; Conducción anestésica; Cirugía general; Páncreas.
Intoxicaciones por opioides en 41 municipios del Valle: estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo con intención analítica 2017-2021
Authors: Bravo Colonia Edgar Alonso , Escarria Castaño Jackeline , Martínez Murillo Luisa Dahiana , Betancur Pulgarín Carmen Luisa
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the epidemiological behaviour of opioid poisonings in the 41 municipalities of Valle del Cauca during the five-year period 2017-2021.
Materials and methods: we conducted a quantitative, retrospective study with analytical intent, of the epidemiological behaviour of opioid poisonings in the 41 municipalities of Valle del Cauca between 2017-2021. The population to be analysed includes 143 records of people with opioid intoxications registered in the Public Health Surveillance System (SIVIGILA), excluding the District of Buenaventura. No sampling is applied, but a census sample where the population is equal to the sample. The median age was 21 years, with a prevalence rate of poisoning among females (53.8%), students (34.3%) and minors (16.8%).
Results: tramadol is the most common opioid, with a significant frequency of unintentional exposure, accounting for more than 50% of cases. The oral route is the main method of exposure, unintentional in approximately 70% of cases. With regard to tramadol, the study shows a probable association with the most com-mon poisoning occurring in households; morphine in householders. Tramadol plus acetaminophen are consumed with suicidal intent; in contrast, unidentified opioids are consumed with psychoactive intent.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for specific preventive and treatment strategies to address opioid poisoning in different demographic groups. It highlights the importance of considering opioids as individual categories in order to provide a more effective and targeted response to this public health issue.
Optimizing hybrid and multi-cloud architectures for real-time data streaming and analytics: Strategies for scalability and integration
Authors: Jobin George
Published: September 2024

The adoption of artificial intelligence with multi-cloud is one useful area that businesses and organizations should explore mainly due to its scalability, flexibility, and efficiency. As a result, this integration must come with several pulls that have to be dealt with to realize proper implementation. This paper seeks to identify the major issues of implementing AI and coming up with the best solutions in multi-cloud infrastructures. Firstly, compatibility problems appear as a fundamental issue in the process of implementing AI across more than one cloud. Every cloud provider uses different APIs, formats for data, and possibilities to configure the infrastructure that hinders data and services integration. To counter this, there is a need to have the compliance that comes in terms of standard development through the use of data formats, APIs, and interoperability frameworks. Furthermore, features such as Docker and Kubernetes make the work with ports lighter and let the AI components smoothly interconnect regardless of the used cloud environment. Secondly, data management as well as the governance of big data serve up significant challenges for multi-cloud AI implementation. Legal requirements concerning data privacy, global compliance standards, as well as data sovereignty concerns call for strong governance of cloud data to ensure they are accurate, secure, as well as compliant in the required cloud settings. These risks must be addressed, nonetheless, to build trust in the multi-cloud AI utilization; in this regard, robust data management, encompassing data encryption, access privileges, as well as data auditing, can be implemented in organizational settings. In addition, the optimization of performance is another significant issue to consider as AI computational tasks may be executed across different cloud environments resulting in increased throughput time and network congestion and contention. Through auto-scaling and workload scheduling algorithms used in orchestration, resources can be effectively allocated and loaded in the heterogeneous cloud infrastructures in the most efficient and optimum way thus reducing operational costs. The other is achieving robustness and dependability of multi-cloud AI applications. It is an immutable fact that one can always imagine a situation when clouds, networks, or hardware will fail; therefore, specific measures should be taken to ensure the availability and reliability of the system. The TCP/IP model also classes the means used for implementing redundant mechanisms, data replication strategies and disaster recovery protocols in different geographically situated cloud regions that improve the dependable computing system’s resources.
Comparative study of the carbon footprint of an eco-material ribbed slab and a reinforced concrete ribbed slab
Authors: Edem Chabi  , Togbé Armel Amadji  , Djolomahuton Donald Deguenon  , Edmond Codjo Adjovi
Published: September 2024

Environmental sustainability is a major concern in the construction industry due to its high greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. To mitigate its environmental impact, alternative solutions that reduce the carbon footprint of buildings while ensuring adequate structural performance are necessary. This study assesses the carbon footprint of an eco-material ribbed slab, consisting of a compression table made of laterite concrete reinforced with rattan, rice husk concrete hollow blocks, and longitudinal laterite concrete ribs reinforced with palmyra wood and transversely with rattan liana. The carbon footprint of this slab was compared to that of a traditional reinforced concrete ribbed slab with sand-cement hollow blocks. The life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted in compliance with the Emission Factor Guide 5 from the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), as well as ISO 14040, 14044, and EN 15978 standards. The results show that the reinforced concrete slab emits 1.93 times more CO2 than the eco-material slab, amounting to 3.629 tons of CO2 equivalent for the traditional slab compared to 1.881 tons of CO2 equivalent for the eco-material slab.
An Ayurvedic intervention in the management of Pramehajanya Upadrava Vis-a-Vis Diabetic Nephropathy with Special reference to Microalbuminuria: A Pilot Study
Authors: Viraj V. Shukla  , Shrikant G. Deshmukh  , Sonali V. Shukla
Published: September 2024

Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial Clinical Syndrome affecting multiple systems and Organs. Type-1 DM is an autoimmune disease Characterized by antibody mediated and cell mediated destruction of pancreatic cells while Type-2 DM is Characterized by relative deficiency and resistance to insulin action. One of the micro vascular Complication of Diabetes mellitus is Diabetic Nephropathy also known as Diabetic Kidney disease (D.K.D.) leading to End Stage Renal disease (E.S.R.D.) in due course of time. In Ayurveda classical texts, although there is no any direct reference in prameha Chapter of renal complications, but in 'Mutraghata Chapter' few Similar Conditions are explained and hence may be Co- related with nephropathies. The disease prameha happens due to derangement into Tridoshas (three humors) and especially Vata dosha dominance in etiopathogenesis leads to Madhumeha; the nearest Co- relate of D.M. In the present study pre diagnosed patients of Type-2 D.M were randomly selected and Screened for microalbuminuria levels i.e. the albumin Levels in urine ranging between 30-300 mg/24 hr. urine. An Ayurvedic drug 'Gokshura - Brihatyadi Kashaya' was administered in the dose of 50 ml twice daily for 60 days. The subjective and objective parameters were assessed before Treatment and after completion of 60 days which shows significant reduction in both type of parameters.
Avatar Personalization and User Engagement in Facebook Advertising
Authors: Akintunde Nelson Oshodi
Published: September 2024

As users' online attention spans decrease and they employ various methods to avoid ads, advertisers are increasingly seeking creative strategies to enhance engagement with consumers. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of utilizing personalized ads featuring users' avatars, with a focus on Facebook as a case study. To conduct this research, an experiment will be conducted in a laboratory setting with 50 participants from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. These participants will be exposed to various personalized avatar ads to measure their engagement levels, brand recall, and product interest. Additionally, 100 participants from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and 100 participants from the University of Lagos will be recruited for an online survey to assess their avatar identity, connection, and interest in personalized avatar ads. It is hypothesized that participants with a strong identification with their avatars will demonstrate higher engagement with avatar ads. The study aims to explore how personalized avatars in advertisements can establish a deeper connection with users, leading to increased engagement levels and improved conversion rates.
Analisis Tindak Tutur dalam Suasana Duka di Kecamatan Bolano Kabupaten Parigi Moutung
Authors: Gazali Lembah  , Moh Tahhir  , Hendrik Hendrik , Juniati Juniati
Published: September 2024

Tindak  tutur  merupakan  suatu ucapkan/tuturan yang mempunyai arti atau dengan kata lain kalimat yang dituturkan bisa mempengaruhi seseorang dalam  melakukan  sesuatu .Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tindak tutur apa saja yang terjadi dalam suasana duka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik observasi dan teknik  rekam. Hasil penelitian  ditemukan tindak tutur yang di tuturkan pada saat suasana duka agama islam  adalah, tindak tutur lokusi, tindak tutur ilokusi, perlokusi yang diutarakan dalam beberapa tempat berbeda yaitu, penyampaian informai duka, tuturan yang terjadi pada saat dirumah duka, tuturan yang terjadi diluar rumah duka, tuturan yang terjadi pada saat pengantaran jenazah ke pemakaman dan tuturan yang terjadi pada saat takziah. Sedangkan tuturan lokusi ilokusi dan perlokusi yag terjadi pada Agama Kristen terjadipada saat, penyampaian informasi duka, tuturan yang terjadi dirumah duka, tuturan yang terjadi di rumah duka, tuturan yang terjadi di luar rumah duka dan tuturan yang terjadi pada saat malam penghiburan dan pemakaman.
Abbâsi Dönemi Tabiat Şairlerinden Ṣanevberî'nin Çiçek Temalı Şiirleri
Authors: Özkanlı Zeynep
Published: September 2024

III. Abbâsi Dönemi tabiat şairlerinden Ṣanevberî'nin, günümüze kadar ulaşan yaklaşık 800 kasidesi üzerine yapılan değerlendirmelerde, şiirlerinde gazel, mersiye, hiciv, fahr, methiye, mucûn, zühd, tardiyât ve tabiat tasviri gibi temalar işlediği görülmektedir. Şair, evliliğinin ilk günlerinde vefat eden kızı Leyla'ya yazdığı risa türünde şiirleri ve içerisinde bahçe, çiçek, yağmur ve kar gibi doğaya ait unsurlara yer verdiği tabiat tasviri temalı şiirleriyle öne çıkmaktadır. Ṣanevberî'nin divanında durgun tabiat tasviri kategorisinde görülen çiçek temalı şiirleri önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Şairin çiçek yetiştiriciliği ile ilgilenmesinin bunda etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ṣanevberî, renk ve şekil gibi çiçeğe ait görsel unsurları, şiirsel anlatımla aktarmanın yanı sıra göze hitap eden bu malzemelerin diziliminden meydana gelebilecek olası donukluğu gidermek ve şiire hareketlilik kazandırmak amacıyla diyalog tekniğine sıklıkla başvurmuştur. Daha çok roman ve hikâye türünde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir teknik olan dış diyalog, şair tarafından ustalıkla şiir diline uyarlanmıştır. Ṣanevberî, bir ressam hassasiyeti ile dizelerden oluşan tuvaline, çiçeklere ait renkleri diğer bazı renklerden faydalanarak resmetmiştir. Ṣanevberî'nin tabiat şairi olarak kabul görmesi, onun bu alanda kaleme aldığı şiirlerini önemli kılmaktadır. Bu nedenle şair ve şiirleri çalışmamızın araştırma konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Ṣanevberî'nin divânı, nitel veri analizi yöntemlerinden tematik analize başvurularak taranmış, tespit edilen çiçek temalı şiirleri dil, uslup ve muhteva açısından incelenmiştir.
MENGAPA DJP KALAH DALAM SENGKETA PAJAK? STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN
Authors: Saragi Daniel Edgar Hirasma
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tren peningkatan sengketa pajak dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, tingginya tingkat kekalahan Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP), serta transaksi jasa intragrup yang sering dijadikan media penghindaran pajak.  Studi dilakukan dengan menganalisis putusan pengadilan atas sengketa antara DJP dengan PT. Tirta Investama atas transaksi afiliasi berupa jasa manajemen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penyelesaian sengketa dan penyebab kekalahan DJP. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan menerapkan strategi penelitian studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian menjelaskan bahwa proses sengketa telah berjalan sesuai dengan ketentuan administratif yang berlaku dalam Undang-Undang Pengadilan Pajak. Selain itu, penelitian ini menjelaskan lima faktor penyebab kekalahan DJP dalam sengketa pajak antara lain justifikasi tanpa analisis mendalam, uji kewajaran yang tidak solid, uji manfaat yang tidak solid, uji eksistensi yang tidak solid, dan inkonsistensi sikap selama proses pengadilan.
Discursive Polarization
Authors: Meyer Hendrik , Brüggemann Michael
Published: September 2024

‘Polarization’ is a widespread diagnosis in debates of contemporary societies and is often highlighted as a substantial problem for democracy. However, few studies theorize or systematically analyze how different dimensions of polarization evolve in media communication. This entry summarizes different theoretical and empirical perspectives on polarization in political science and communication studies, potentially culminating in the disruption of the public sphere. The entry is composed of four parts: First, we introduce polarization in societal communication as (1) disruption of the public sphere. We then discuss concepts and measures of (2) ideological polarization and (3) affective polarization in media debates as parts of this process, emerging in communication through statements and networked interactions. Finally, we introduce (4) discursive polarization as the broader phenomenon that arises from the interplay of these different dimensions of polarization.
Information Processing
Authors: Fitz Erin B.
Published: September 2024

This entry discusses information processing, or the ways in which people obtain, selectively transform, and store information that can affect political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. It first reviews the development of classic, constructivist, and dual-processing models of information processing. Situating the discussion in the realm of political information processing, it then reveals how motivated reasoning, as well as other contextual and individual-level differences (e.g., partisan cues, framing, trust, political knowledge, and the need for cognition), are associated with heuristic and deliberate processing.
Merits and Limits of Preregistration for Visualization Research
Authors: Besançon Lonni , Nosek Brian A. , Haven Tamarinde Laura , Meyer Miriah , Dunne Cody , Ghoniem Mohammad
Published: September 2024

The replication crisis has spawned a revolution in scientific methods, aimed at increasing the transparency, robustness, and reliability of scientific outcomes.In particular, the practice of preregistering study designs has shown important advantages.Preregistration can help limit questionable research practices, as well as increase the success rate of study replications.Many fields have now adopted preregistration as a default expectation for published studies.In 2022, we set up a panel ``Merits and Limits of User Study Preregistration'' with the overall goal of explaining the concept of preregistration to a wide VIS audience and discussing its suitability for visualization research. We report on the arguments and discussion of this panel in the hope that it can benefit the visualization community at large. All materials and a copy of this paper are available on our OSF repository at https://osf.io/wes57/.
Identification of parameters in the torsional dynamics of a drilling process through Bayesian statistics
Authors: Sandoval Mario , Cunha Jr Americo , Sampaio Rubens
Published: September 2024

This work presents the estimation of the parameters of an experimental setup, which is modeled as a system with three degrees of freedom, composed by a shaft, two rotors, and a DC motor, that emulates a drilling process. A Bayesian technique is used in the estimation process, to take into account the uncertainties and variabilities intrinsic to the measurement taken, which are modeled as a noise of Gaussian nature. With this procedure it is expected to check the reliability of the nominal values of the physical parameters of the test rig. An estimation process assuming that nine parameters of the experimental apparatus are unknown is conducted, and the results show that for some quantities the relative deviation with respect to the nominal values is very high. This deviation evidentiates a strong deficiency in the mathematical model used to describe the dynamic behavior of the experimental apparatus.
Quantification of parametric uncertainties induced by irregular soil loading in orchard tower sprayer nonlinear dynamics
Authors: Cunha Jr Americo , Palacios Felix Jorge Luis , Balthazar José Manoel
Published: September 2024

This paper deals with the nonlinear stochastic dynamics of an orchard tower sprayer subjected to random excitations due to soil irregularities. A consistent stochastic model of uncertainties is constructed to describe random loadings and to predict variabilities in mechanical system response. The dynamics is addressed in time and frequency domains. Monte Carlo method is employed to compute the propagation of uncertainties through the stochas-tic model. Numerical simulations reveals a very rich dynamics, which is able to produce chaos. This numerical study also indicates that lateral vibrations follow a direct energy cascade law. A probabilistic analysis reveals the possibility of large lateral vibrations during the equipment operation.
Identifying qualities and amenities associated with subjective cognitive restoration and improved affect in urban parks
Authors: Schertz Kathryn E , Meidenbauer Kimberly Lewis , Freeman Tiara Rose , Santiago Isabella , Janey Elizabeth , Gehrke Kathryn , Samtani Anya , Stier Andrew , Berman Marc
Published: September 2024

Although visiting a park is usually considered to be a ‘nature experience’, not all city parks are natural environments. Additionally, parks differ in the affordances they offer in terms of amenities and other characteristics. In this pre-registered, cross-sectional study we asked participants (N = 303, Chicago, USA residents) to visit several city parks over the course of two weeks (N_obs = 1234). While visiting, they rated naturalness, safety, maintenance, and noisiness, and completed the Perceived Restoration Scale. They also reported on their momentary affect, subjective cognitive restoration, and preference for the park. Using both theory-driven and data-driven approaches, we found that all these qualities were related to affective and cognitive outcomes. Additionally, we found that when participants visited a park they had been to before, compatibility between activities they reported wanting to do in the park and the amenities offered by the park predicted preference, but this relationship did not hold when participants visited a park they hadn’t been to before. Overall, this study highlights the need to integrate approaches from both environmental psychology and leisure studies to generate more holistic and comprehensive recommendations for urban greening planning and policy.
Predictors of attitudes toward psychedelics among psychologists in the USA
Authors: Luoma Jason B , Davis Alan , Pilecki Brian , Smith Sarah
Published: September 2024

As evidence for psychedelic-assisted therapy accumulates, legalization becomes more likely. As a result, there is an increasing need for psychologists to become educated about psychedelics and their therapeutic effects as they will play an important role in disseminating this treatment. Therefore, understanding psychologists’ current attitudes toward psychedelics is integral in informing dissemination and implementation efforts. In this paper, we examined associations between individual difference variables and psychologists’ attitudes toward psychedelics, including age, gender, region, religious affiliation, personal experience with psychedelics, friends’ or loved ones’ experiences with psychedelics, level of training in addiction treatment, and knowledge of psychedelics. Results indicated that participants who were men, lived in West or Northeast regions of the U.S., were younger, had greater knowledge of risks and benefits of psychedelics, were religiously unaffiliated, or had direct or indirect (i.e., through peers) experience with psychedelics reported more positive attitudes towards psychedelics. The only variable not associated with more positive attitudes was previous addictions treatment training. These findings suggest that psychologists are not monolithic in their attitudes towards psychedelics. Furthermore, these findings can help inform potential paths for improving attitudes towards psychedelics among psychologists, such as by emphasizing the importance of using case studies in public education efforts.
Lexically guided perceptual learning is robust to linguistically engaging distraction
Authors: Hodges Emma , Cummings Shawn , Theodore Rachel M.
Published: September 2024

Distracted listening can impede language comprehension. To inform the locus of disruption, we examined listeners’ ability to restructure speech sound categories using lexical information, which requires phonemic and lexical access. Listeners heard words that biased interpretation of an ambiguous fricative as either /s/ or /ʃ/. Linguistically engaging distractions were simultaneously presented in some conditions, and the task directed attention either to the auditory words or the distractor. In a subsequent test phase, robust learning was observed in all cases, suggesting that dynamic adaptation to atypical speech input is a natural consequence of lexical access that is neither task-related nor attention-requisite.
Transdiagnostic Modeling of Clinician-Rated Symptoms in Affective and Non-Affective Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Chung Yoonho , Girard Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2024

Prevailing factor models of psychosis are centered on schizophrenia-related disorders defined by the DSM and ICD, restricting generalizability to other clinical presentations featuring psychosis, even though affective psychoses are more common. This study aims to bridge this gap by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, utilizing clinical ratings collected from patients with either affective or non-affective psychoses (n = 1042). Drawing from established clinical instruments, such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, a broad spectrum of core psychotic symptoms was considered for the model development. Among the candidate models considered, including correlated factors and multifactor models, a model with seven correlated factors encompassing positive symptoms, negative symptoms, depression, mania, disorganization, hostility, and anxiety was most interpretable with acceptable fit. The seven factors exhibited expected associations with external validators, were replicable through cross- validation, and were generalizable across affective and non-affective psychoses.