bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Open Abdominal Rectopexy for the Treatment of Complete Rectal Prolapse –Our Experience in 20 Cases
Authors: Mowla G  , Chowdhury JM  , Rahman S  , Munim MI  , Ahmed J
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Complete rectal prolapse (procidentia) is a very troublesome condition. In adults, the only curative treatment for complete rectal prolapse is surgery either bytrans abdominal or perineal approaches. Among the all surgical procedure, the option of abdominal rectopexy , which can be done either by open procedure or laparoscopically, has become the treatment of choice for complete rectal prolapse.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to see the outcome of open abdominal rectopexy for the treatment of complete rectal prolapse by subjective assessment.

Methodology: The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Women’s Medical College Hospital and different private hospital in Sylhet District, from July 2013 to May 2021.A total of 20 Patients who presented with complete rectal prolapsed fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected as study population. Laparotomy was done by lower midline incision and spinal anaesthesia was chosen for all the cases. Assessment of operative time, postoperative pain, mean days of hospital stay, constipation score, in continence score and recurrence rate within six months of follow-up were observed and recorded.

Result: A total of 20 patients were included in this study of which 65% were female and 35% were male. The mean age was 48.80 (SD 11.50) years, the mean BMI was 24.1 (SD 2.35) and the mean time of operation was 80(SD 10.75) minutes. The mean VAS was 5.0(SD 1.25) on the day of first postoperative and 3.8(SD 1.15) on the second postoperative day. The mean days to resume bowel activity was 3.12 (SD 1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay mean was 5.2 (SD 1.14) days. The constipation scores during preoperative and postoperative period were 3.8(SD 2.12) and 2.6 (SD 1.75) respectively. The mean in continence score during preoperative and postoperative period were 7.1 (SD 3.25) and 2.0 (SD 2.25) respectively. No recurrence case was found within six months of follow up period in this study.

Conclusion: Open abdominal rectopexy is a safe, simple and effective procedure for the treatment of complete rectal prolapse.
Histomorphological Spectrum of Pleural Biopsy Specimen of Exudative Pleural Effusion in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Pew ND  , Hye AQM A  , Bari MZJ  , Roy S  , Choudhury RA  , Bhattacharjee B  , Patwary MI
Published: April 2022

Background: The commonest manifestation of pleural pathology is pleural effusion. Most of the time, in spite of routine biochemical and cytological examination of pleural fluid we can’t evaluate the etiology of pleural effusion.

Aim: Aim of present study was to make an etiological diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion by pleural biopsy and histopathological examination.

Study design and setting: Fifty consecutive patients of pleural effusion were selected from the outpatient and indoor department of a tertiary medical college hospital in Sylhet. It was a prospective and observational study. It was conducted over a period of one and a halfyears.

Material and method: In all the cases, cytological examination of pleural fluid (for malignant cell) and pleural biopsy by Abram’s needle were done. Subsequently, histopathological diagnoses were made to determine the etiology of effusion.

Results: Out of 50 subjects, males outnumbered females, Age is ranged between 19 and 85 years. According to the histopathological examination of the submitted pleural biopsy specimen, granulomatous inflammation is the most common etiology (40%) followed by chronic inflammation of non-specific origin (38%) and malignancy (22%).

Conclusion: This study represents the result of the experience acquired over one and half years in the histopathological interpretation of pleural biopsies and its correlation with cytology of the pleural fluid. Pleural biopsy is a useful, minimally invasive procedure with no or little complication and has more sensitivity and specificity than pleural fluid cytology smears.
Relationship between Obesity and Sympathetic Nerve Function Status
Authors: Islam A  , Hossain MZ  , Basak SK  , Islam M  , Ahmed SN  , Jerin IA
Published: April 2022

In order to assess the effect of obesity on sympathetic nervous system a cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College between January 2017 and December 2017. Fifty obese and age-sex matched 50 non-obese subjects were included. Two non-invasive cardiovascular sympathetic function tests like blood pressure response to postural change (orthostatic test) and blood pressure response to sustained handgrip were done to assess sympathetic nerve function status.The fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in orthostatic test of obese group (9.02 ± 2.29 mmHg) was significantly higher compared to non-obese group (4.84 ± 0.96) (p<0.001). Increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in handgrip test of obese group (12.36 ± 2.78 mmHg) was significantly lesser than that of non-obese group (20.12 ± 2.64 mmHg) (p<0.001). The results of this study suggested that obese adults have reduced sympathetic activity.
Correlation of Atd-Angle Between non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Individuals in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Jannat M  , Sultana R  , Muhaimin MA  , Suchi HA  , Ahmad H
Published: April 2022

Dermatoglyphics is the study of configuration of the epidermal ridges in palms, soles and digits. Development of dermatoglyphic pattern in under genetic control, it does not change throughout the life once development being completed. As a diagnostic aid, Dermatoglyphic pattern analysis can successfully predict onset of many diseases, which has a strong hereditary basis. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition of partial genetic background. The aim of this study was to compare the atd-angle of dermatoglyphicsin order to identify as a risk factor to predict diabetes in future.This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College from July 2018 to June 2019. There were a total of 200 subjects recruited in this study; among them 100 were healthy individuals and the rest 100 were the diagnosed patients of type II DM.The studied groups were matched for age and sex of the study subjects. Paper and ink method was used for making print of fingers and palms. The prints were examined using mounted hand lens. The mean atd-angle was higher in cases in both hands compared to the control. On the left hand, the mean 43.23±2.14 in cases and 41.11±1.65 in control; and 42.87±2.25 in cases and 41.19±1.89 in control on the right hand. Unpaired t-test showed statistical significant mean differences between the studied groups both in left hand (t = -7.844, p = <0.001, 95% confidence interval: -2.651 to -1.585) and right hand (t = -5.749, p = <0.001, 95% confidence interval: -2.267 to -1.109). So,based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that the atd-angle would be a helpful parameter to find out high risk individuals for NIDDM in future.
Handgrip Strength in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ahmed SN  , Hossain MZ  , Rahman H  , Matin MNI  , Chowdhury JA  , Islam A  , Rehan BR
Published: April 2022

Background: Handgrip strength can be used to determine an individual's muscular strength objectively. It is a valid indicator of the disability index. Type 2 diabetes mellitus has a negative impact on skeletal muscles and handgrip strength. The goal of this study was to compare type 2 diabetic patients' handgrip strength to that of apparently healthy non-diabetic individuals.

Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sylhet M.A.G Osmani Medical College in collaboration with Outpatient Department of Endocrinology, Sylhet M.A.G Osmani Medical College Hospital and Outpatient Department of Sylhet Diabetic Hospital during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 100 type 2 diabetic patients who had been diagnosed for at least 5 years were selected, as well as 100 age and sex matched apparently healthy non-diabetic controls. The Jamar Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer was used to measure the handgrip strength of all subjects. All the collected data were compiled and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 22.0.

Results: The mean handgrip strength of the diabetics (60.62 ± 18.98 lb) was significantly lower than non-diabetics (74.80 ± 21.61 lb) (p<0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between handgrip strength and duration of diabetes (r=–0.270, p=0.007).

Conclusion: Handgrip strength is lowered in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the non-diabetic group and correlates negatively with diabetes duration. Reduced handgrip strength may lead to the development of impairment in the future, resulting in decreased productivity.
Antifungal Drug Resistance of Dermatophytes Causing Superficial Fungal Infections
Authors: Chowdhury PA  , Azad AK  , Salam MU  , Ahmed MS  , Fatema K
Published: April 2022

Background: Superficial fungal infections (SFI) are common skin diseases that were largely simple to treat. However, due to increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of dermatophytes to antifungal drugs, treatment of SFI has become difficult. This study aims to analyze the AMR of dermatophytes and to correlate with the clinical response of antifungal drugs.

Methods: A cross‑sectional evaluation was undertaken of 570 consecutive patients with SFI such as tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea faciei, and tinea pedis, who were treated with any of the oral antifungal drugs fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine. Clinical response was taken within 1 month of stopping the therapy. Microscopic as well as culture and antimicrobial sensitivity analysis were done to characterize and determine the susceptibility of dermatophytes to antifungal drugs aforementioned.

Results: Among the 570 patients with SFI, the ratio of male (n=360, 63.16%) to female (n=210, 36.84%) was 1.7:1. The common age group affected by SFI was 31-40 years (27.71%, n=158). The tinea corporis was the most predominant (51.05%) followed by tinea cruris (13.68%). Clinical response analysis showed that the percentage of relapse of SFI after completion of treatment with fluconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine was about 55, 45 and 19, respectively. Culture and antimicrobial sensitivity analysis revealed that the percentage of resistance of dermatophytes from patients of SFI to fluconazole, itraconozole and terbinafine was approximately 70, 55 and 20, respectively.

Conclusion: Results reported herein support the notion that the antifungal resistance is evolving in dermatophytes causing SFI, and about 20% dermatophytes are multidrug resistant.
Assessment of The Effect of Tocilizumab in Adult Hospitalized COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Ahmad S  , Salam MU  , Patwary MI  , Alam N  , Taher MA  , Ahmed MR  , Goswami A  , Jumma MA  , Razzaque MF
Published: April 2022

ackground: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening infectious disease causing potentially severe acute respiratory infection which may lead to multi-organ dysfunction or failure due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) also known as novel coronavirus (nCoV). Tocilizumab is anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody may have potential role in minimizing mortality and mechanical ventilation requirements among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Objective: To analyze the effect of tocilizumab in adult hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients.

Methods: This non-randomized, controlled, open-label trial was carried out at a tertiary care hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh. Hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients with hypoxia ( oxygen saturation < 92% on air or required oxygen) and proof of systemic inflammation(C-reactive protein ≥50mg/L) were assigned (in 1:1 ratio) to receive a standard care plus single dose of tocilizumab (8mg/kg up to a maximum of 800mg) or only standard care, who were not provided mechanical ventilation. Primary outcomes were 28-day mortality and necessity of mechanical ventilation.

Results: The mean age was 59.08±12.39 years in tocilizumab group and mean age was 55.41±12.82 years in control group. Maximum patients were >60 years. The most common symptoms were fever (44.4%) then cough (38.9%), and others including diarrhoea, fatigue (33.3%). Majority risk factors were DM (47.7%) followed by HTN (30.5%). Mortality was more in control group than tocilizumab group which was 83.3% and 44.4% respectively. It is also observed that tocilizumab group patients needed mechanical ventilation significantly lower than the control group which was 19.4% and 44.4% respectively. The difference was statistically remarkable between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion: This study shows that hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were not receiving mechanical ventilation,tocilizumab increased survival rate and reduced the need of mechanical ventilation.
Polyneuropathy and Gastritis in Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type 1 in a Young Adult: Uncommon Presentation of a Rare Disease
Authors: Salam MU  , Jumma MA  , Ahmad S  , Haque MR  , Sharker S  , Shimon AS  , Bhuiyan MI
Published: April 2022

utoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome type1 (APS-1), sometimes called, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1, and autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal-dystrophy (APECED), is a rare recessive disorder with diverse features that occurs due to mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene inducing autoimmunity. This report summarizes the diagnosis of APS 1 in a 17-year-old young man presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, and limb weakness. Investigation reveals mixed features of endocrinopathies including hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and hypogonadism. Although autoimmune keratitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, pneumonitis, and nephritis are common systemic affection of this condition, the reported case presents with severe sensory-motor polyneuropathy and pangastritis. He carries a single heterozygous copy of the missense variant (NM_000383.3 c.841G>A chr21:45709913 p.Ala281Thr) in exon 7 of the AIRE.
The formation of civic activity of the individual as a social – political and psychological – pedagogical problems
Authors: Muratov Khabibulla
Published: April 2022

The birth of a person is not only a natural biological phenomenon of birth, but also a rise to the level of development of one’s time after birth, the acquisition of existing socio-historical experience, the determination of one’s place in society, becoming an active participant in the historical process in which the older generation passes on their life, labor and labor experience, knowledge and skills to the younger generation. This is carried out through a social phenomenon that plays an important role in the formation and development of the individual, called education. In addition, the rearing of well-rounded, mature individuals will increase and change. It is known that any society strives for a humane attitude towards its members, and its goal is to express itself, assert itself, be recognized by society as a person, pave the way for the realization of the need. The political, social and social changes taking place all over the world today have led to many changes in the theory and practice of education. The existing pedagogical practice in the new social environment cannot be implemented without a deep understanding of methodological and practical problems from a theoretical point of view, because without solving these problems there will be no effectiveness of education and upbringing. Observations are carried out not only to observe simple events, to collect, record and identify individual facts, but also to improve and strengthen the educational process. As a rule, pedagogical observation reveals ways in which students master the sciences, takes into account changes in their behavior and attitudes, and has an appropriate educational and psychological impact.
Видеоконтент орқали ўқитувчиларни узлуксиз касбий ривожлантириш асослари
Authors: Зайнитдинова Масуда
Published: April 2022

Мақолада видеоконтентлар орқали ўқитувчиларни узлуксиз касбий ривожлантириш асослари, жумладан, ушбу муҳитдаги ўқув жараёни, фаолият юритишнинг концептуал ёндашувлари ва тамойиллари, омили, хос хусусиятлари ва унинг педагогик эффектив таъсири ҳақида фикрлар билдирилган. Ўқитувчилар касбий компетенциянинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари, замонавий таълим технологиялари тизимида видеоконтентлар воситасида уни ривожлантиришнинг дидактик модели ҳақида назарий фикрлар тақдим этилган.
O`zbek tilida milliy xarakter bilan bog`liq iboralarning lingvokulturologik tadqiqi
Authors: Rahimova Maftunaxon , Muhammadqodirova Feruzabonu
Published: April 2022

Ushbu maqolada iboralar haqida umumiy ma`lumot berilgan. O`zbek tilidagi  iboralarning xalq turmush tarzi asosida paydo bo`lishi  jarayonlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, milliy xarakter bilan bog`liq iboralarning lingvokulturologik tadqiqi to`g`risida  fikr va mulohazalar yuritilgan.
Бошлағич синф ўқувчилари коммуникатив кўникмаларининг шаклланишида ўйин фаолиятининг тутган ўрни
Authors: Садирова К.
Published: April 2022

Мулоқот инсонларнинг асосий фаолият турларидан бири бўлиб, инсоннинг қобилиятлари, ижтимоий кўникмалари ривожланишининг муҳим омили саналади. Бола учун бошқалар билан энг қулай ўзаро коммуникатив муносабат ўйинлар орқали амалга ошиши тадқиқотларда ўз исботини топган. Мақола бошланғич синф ўқувчисининг ўйин фаолияти давомида коммуникатив малакаларини шакллантириш моделларини ёритиб беришга бағишланган.
The Association Between Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Libyan Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdalgwad Razk , Fadhlullah Ali , Balha Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Background and objectives. Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic multisystem disease and it has a significant impact on the health of many important organs in our body, including the cardiovascular system (CVS). This study aimed to determine the association between Type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who were diagnosed with CAD and T2DM. We examined the likelihood occurrence of CAD in T2DM patients using the Bayesian one sample test. Results. About 97 patients were confirmed to have CAD and were included in the study. The mean age of participants was 60±11.89. Approximately, 53 (54.6%) of patients were females, while 44 (45.4%) were males. The vast majority of patients had T2DM and CAD at 69 (71.1%) as opposed to only 28 (28.9%) of patients who did not have T2DM but had CAD. Moreover, there was a statistically significant increase in the likelihood of occurrence of CAD amongst the T2DM group. The percentage of patients who have T2DM with CAD was significantly higher than those who were not diagnosed with T2DM but had CAD at 69 (71.1%) compared to 28 (28.9%) (P = 0.002) for the group of T2DM concomitant with CAD, and the group of non-T2DM concomitant with CAD, respectively. Conclusion. There was a significant relationship between T2DM and CAD, suggesting the importance of intensive glycemic control in diabetic patients possibly via lifestyle modifications or medications in order to reduce or delay the possibility of occurrence of CAD amongst diabetic patients, in particular.
RELAÇÃO COMERCIAL ENTRE BRASIL E CHINA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A AGROPECUÁRIA
Authors: Leite Coura Mariano de Oliveira Beatriz , Machado da Silva Pietra Wesheley , Oliveira Margibel Adriana de
Published: April 2022

O artigo evidencia a relação agropecuária dos países, acompanhando o processo posterior e seguidamente da pandemia e suas devidas mudanças na economia e relação com o Brasil. Ambos, possuem relações diplomáticas desde o século 19, entretanto com o crescimento da demanda de commodities em um país e da falta de recursos naturais do outro, a relação se tornou muito mais próxima apenas recentemente. Contudo, tem como objetivo elaborar uma análise a respeito da relação, trazendo informações com ênfase nas exportações agrícolas para a China. Este aspecto é de extrema importância para os novos ingressantes no mercado de trabalho, formação acadêmica, além de proporcionar embasamento teórico. Por fim, a problemática é sobre se existe viabilidade ou não da relação comercial dos países e se acarreta algo economicamente.
The Tenth International Workshop on Agglutinated Foraminifera, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia, April 19-23, 2017
Authors: Kaminski Michael A. , Fekete Kamil
Published: April 2022

Introduction to the IWAF-8 Proceedings Volume
A new thin-section based micropaleontological biozonation for the Saudi Arabian Jurassic carbonates
Authors: Hughes Geraint Wyn
Published: April 2022

Micropaleontological biozonation of the Jurassic of the Middle East is poorly developed and shown to have limited regional applicability. This difficulty is based on the inability to apply global schemes based on open marine forms, such as planktonic foraminifera and calpionellids, to the extensive and relatively shallow, often hypersaline carbonate platforms that persisted throughout much of the Jurassic. Intrashelf basins with restricted open marine access further inhibited the use of standard global tropical planktonic biozonations. The Arabian Platform was a shallow marine, predominantly carbonate, setting during most of the Jurassic and peri-Tethyan age-indicative foraminiferal species are relatively poorly represented. Pioneer fieldwork established chronostratigraphic constraint to the various Jurassic formations and members, using ammonite and nautiloid stratigraphy but such macropaleontological schemes are impossible to use in subsurface-derived limited rock sample volumes such as those from cuttings, sidewall cores and cores of lithified carbonates. A thin-section reassessment of the Saudi Arabian Jurassic using field samples and core-based micropaleontology has revealed a hybrid benthic foraminiferal and microfossil bioevent scheme that should assist assignment to the various formations, members and reservoirs as well as assisting in paleoenvironmental interpretation. Twenty-three thin-section based local biozones (Him-3â€“Mm) are proposed, and serve as an initial scheme with an alphanumeric arrangement to permit refinement when additional events are encountered. These biozones are applied to the Marrat Formation (Mm; Toarcian), the Dhruma Formation (Dm-1 to Dm-6; Bajocianâ€“Bathonian), the Tuwaiq Mountain Formation (Tm-1 to Tm-5; Callovian), the Hanifa Formation (Hm-1 to Hm-2; Oxfordian), the Jubaila Formation (Jm-1 to Jm-2; Kimmeridgian), Arab Formation (Am-1 to Am-4; Kimmeridgian), and Hith Formation (Him-1 to Him-3; Tithonian). In the absence of other disciplines, this scheme is intended to assist chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic assignment to field samples and for exploration single well studies to provide calibration and correlation for multiwell single field and regional reservoir characterisation studies. Rapid age and lithostratigraphic determinations of â€œhot-shotâ€ exploration samples will also be facilitated using this scheme.
Initial dispersal (1986-1987) of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in San Francisco Bay, California, USA
Authors: McGann Mary
Published: April 2022

A time series of three closely-spaced data sets are used to track the early expansion of the invasive Japanese benthic foraminifera Trochammina hadai in the southern portion of San Francisco Bay known as South Bay. The species initially appeared in 1983, comprising only 1.5% of the assemblage in one of four samples that were dominated by the native species Ammonia tepida and Cribroelphidium excavatum (means = 60.2% and 33.8%, respectively). By 1986, census counts and R- andQ-mode cluster analyses document the explosive growth of the invasive as T. hadai now dominates the assemblage (mean = 42.7%;max = 88.7%)with associated declines in abundance of A. tepida (by greater than one-half; mean = 26.8%) and C. excavatum (by greater than one-third; mean = 20.6%). The invasive continued to dominant the assemblage in 1987, spreading even further to the north and south in South Bay, although its average abundance dropped slightly (~2%) as did those of A. tepida (~3%) and C. excavatum (0.4%). A rare increase in abundance of Elphidiella hannai and the appearance of numerous coastalmarine species in the central portion of the bay are thought to be the result of an incursion ofmarine waters into South Bay due to the prevalent drought conditions in 1987. Clearly, the rapid decline in abundance of the formerly dominant species A. tepida and C. excavatum in South Bay from 1983 to 1986 that continued into 1987 suggests the introduction of T. hadai in the bay severely impacted the native population.
The occurrence of the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio in Flamengo Inlet, Ubatuba, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Eichler Patricia P. B. , McGann Mary , Rodrigues Andre R. , Mendonca Alison , Amorim Audrey , Bonetti Carla , de Farias Cristiane Cordeiro , e Sousa Silvia H. Mello , Vital Helenice , Gomes Moab Praxedes
Published: April 2022

The agglutinated foraminifera Trochammina hadai Uchio (1962), a dominant species in Japan, first appeared as an invasive species in San Francisco Bay, US, in 1983. Trochammina hadai's first appearance in the Brazilian coastal waters of Flamengo Inlet, Ubatuba, Sao Paulo State, is recorded nearly three decades later, in two of thirty-four sediment samples collected in the western portion known as "Saco do Ribeira" in 2010. By 2014 and 2015, the species was found alive in 78% of the samples with relative abundance reaching 18%. We suggest this recent colonization was most likely the result of an introduction by anchor mud on commercial fishing boats and recreational vessels or from fishing bait, and the species' proliferation due to its suitability to live in anthropogenically-induced stressed environmental conditions of the inlet that has affected the ecological dominance of this benthic community.
Agglutinated vs. calcareous foraminiferal assemblages as bathymetric proxies: Direct multivariate tests from modern environments
Authors: Frontalini Fabrizio , Kaminski Michael A. , Coccioni Rodolfo , Kowalewski Michal
Published: April 2022

Benthic foraminiferal assemblages, used widely as paleoenvironmental indicators, can potentially provide numerical estimates of relative water depth. The quality of this bathymetric proxy was tested here directly using onshore-offshore transects across two present-day marine basins: (1) Saros Bay (northern Aegean Sea), with sampling sites ranging from 15 to 500 m water depth; and (2) Marmara Sea (between Black Sea and Aegean Sea), with sampling sites ranging from 15 to 350 m water depth. For both marine basins, multivariate ordinations of calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera demonstrated that samples varied predictably in faunal composition along regional depth gradients. The multivariate ordination scores and water depthwere highly and positively correlated in all cases: r2 = 0.74 (Saros Bay, agglutinated foraminifera), r2 = 0.67 (Saros Bay, calcareous foraminifera), r2 = 0.68 (Marmara Sea, agglutinated foraminifera), and r2 = 0.96 (Marmara Sea, calcareous foraminifera). Comparably robust relationships between ordination scores and water depth were observed when data were pooled across basins and/or foraminiferal type. These results suggest that both agglutinated and calcareous benthic foraminifera provide robust quantitative proxies of water depth. Multivariate ordinations based on agglutinated foraminiferamay potentially yield numerical estimates of water depth in the geological record and provide a quantitative environmental framework for paleontological and stratigraphic interpretations.
Cyclammina saidovae, a new name for Cyclammina pseudopusilla Hanagata 2003 (preoccupied)
Authors: Hanagata Satoshi
Published: April 2022

A new name Cyclammina saidovae nom. nov. is proposed for the species Cyclammina pseudopusilla described by Hanagata (2003, p. 312, 316, pl.4, figs. 2-5). This species is a junior homonym of C. pseudopusilla Saidova (1975, p. 86, pl. 24, fig. 8). The newly proposed name is a dedication to Professor Khadyzhat Magomedovna Saidova for her significant contribution to the study of modern foraminifera from the Pacific Ocean.
The bathyal larger lituolid Neonavarella n. gen. (Foraminifera) from the Thanetian Scaglia Rossa Formation of northeastern Italy
Authors: Giusberti Luca , Kaminski Michael A. , Mancin Nicoletta
Published: April 2022

Larger agglutinated foraminifera resembling the Cretaceous genus Navarella Ciry and Rat 1951 were recently recovered in Thanetian hemipelagites from the Belluno Basin, northeastern Italy. These lituoids first appear in the basal Thanetian (uppermost calcareous nannofossils Zone CNP 8) and become common in the >500 micron washed residue from the uppermost Thanetian. They abruptly disappear at the Paleocene/Eocene boundary, in coincidence with the extinction of Paleocene small benthic foraminifera (the benthic foraminiferal extinction event - BEE). In order to document the internal chamber arrangement and the agglutinated wall microstructure of the Thanetian lituolids and to compare them with similar individuals recovered from the Upper Cretaceous and Danian strata of the same section, the collected specimens were sectioned and analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). Our results show a typical bi-layered wall microstructure in the Thanetian specimens, whereas the older Maastrichtian and Danian specimens, occurring in the same section, display a single, thicker agglutinated wall. The taxonomy of the Italian lituolids is discussed and compared with similar taxa known from the literature. We describe the Thanetian lituolids as the new genus Neonavarella, which shows an apparently identical external morphology to mono-layered Maastrichtian-Danian specimens but differs in the microstructure of the agglutinated test wall that is bi-layered. The finding of new and well-preserved material from the Paleocene Scaglia Rossa beds of Italy helps shed light on the taxonomy of the still poorly known deep-water larger lituolids.
Environmental significance and taxonomy of well preserved foraminifera from Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates, central Spitsbergen
Authors: Hjalmarsdottir Hanna Rosa , Nakrem Hans Arne , Nagy Jeno
Published: April 2022

Five hydrocarbon seep carbonate structures in the upper part of the Slottsmoya Member (Agardhfjellet Formation) in central Spitsbergen have been sampled and processed for foraminifera. The carbonates have been found to contain excellently preserved agglutinated assemblages, in contrast to the diagenetically deformed assemblages in the adjacent shales. In total 15 genera and 35 agglutinated species are recognised in the palaeoseeps. The pristine condition of the foraminiferal tests allows for detailed morphological documentation of 21 species, of which the following six are proposed as new: Reophax pyriloculus n. sp., Haplophragmoides perlobatus n. sp., Labrospira lenticulata n. sp., Ammobaculites deflectus n. sp., Ammobaculites knorringensis n. sp. and Textularia pernana n. sp.. Depositional environment of the carbonate palaeoseeps is interpreted to be similar to that of a normalmarine shelf, as opposed to the previously documented restricted (hypoxic) environment of the adjacent shales. Morphogroup analysis of assemblages in the palaeoseeps reveals that over 89% of genera in the seep carbonate bodies are categorised as surficial/shallow infaunal to deep infaunal. The same morphogroup component in the shale succession onlymakes up 31.5% of the total genera. Agradual shift can be seen in the shale assemblages from almost exclusively epifaunal morphogroups in the lower part to a dominating surficial to infaunal component in the samples closest to the palaeoseep stratigraphic levels, which translates to an upwards decreasing oxygen level trend. The foraminifera date the palaeoseeps as late Volgian - late Ryazanian, and the ages for each seep structure are constrained by previously reported associated ammonite occurrences. Some species of foraminifera occurring in the palaeoseeps are possible candidates for extended stratigraphic ranges.
Marsh-type agglutinated foraminifera from Upper Miocene sediments of the Danube Basin
Authors: Hudackova Natalia , Sotak Jan , Ruman Andrej , Rybar Samuel , Milovsky Ratislav
Published: April 2022

Upper Miocene (lower Tortonian) foraminifers are a little-known group of organisms in the Pannonian Basin System of the Central Paratethyan realm. The scarcity of the mostly endemic species in the sedimentary record is caused by changes in ecological conditions at the end of the Miocene epoch when the paleogeographical evolution of the area resulted in the striking changes in seawater chemistry. Nevertheless, they may exceptionally form a significant component of microfossil assemblages. The most abundant species within all studied samples (Trochammina kibleri Venglinsky 1961, Miliammina velatina Venglinsky 1961 and Miliammina subvelatina Venglinsky 1975) are here investigated in detail and compared with previously published data from localities across the entire Central Paratethys area. The co-occurrence of other taxa, as well as sedimentological and isotopic data allow us to better constrain their environmental requirements and the sedimentary environment in marginal facies of the Late Miocene Pannonian Basin System. These results confirm the ecologically constrained conditions during the deposition of the upper Sarmatian to lower Pannonian sediments.
Description, distribution and ecology of living (rose Bengal stained) Eggerelloides camaraensis n. sp.
Authors: Yamashita Cintia , e Sousa Silvia Helena de Mello , Kaminski Michael A. , de Araujo Beatriz Dias
Published: April 2022

The distribution of living (rose Bengal stained) Eggerelloides camaraensis Sousa, Kaminski and Yamashita n. sp., an agglutinated benthic foraminiferal species, is described in the area of the Campos Basin (southeastern Brazilian continental margin). The study is based on 14 oceanographic stations (26 samples), located between 400 m and 1,300 m water depth. The distribution density of living E. camariensis n. sp. is compared to sedimentological parameters, such as grain size, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, calcium carbonate, phytopigment, lipids biomarkers (sterols, fatty acids and n-alcohols), total lipids, and bacterial biomass, as well as the particulate organic matter flux to the seafloor. This species was found only at around 480 m water depth at the head of the Almirante Camara Canyon. Its distribution seems to be related to the influence of Brazil Current conditions.
Foraminifera from the 58th and 59th Russian Antarctic Expeditions, 2013-2014
Authors: Mikhalevich Valeria I.
Published: April 2022

Foraminifera were examined in samples collected during the 58th (2013) and 59th Russian Antarctic Expeditions (2013-2014) in the Western and Eastern Antarctic areas in the Bellingshausen Sea, Bransfield Strait, Prydz Bay, Davis Sea, and Southern Ocean at depths between 107 and 995 meters, with the majority of samples situated in the shelf zone. In total 39 benthic and one planktonic species were found. All the benthic species are pan-Antarctic, only Neogloboquadrina pachyderma shows a bipolar distribution. The assemblages at several stations were fully or predominantly agglutinated, possibly as a consequence of dissolution processes, at some others - predominantly or fully calcareous. Calcareous forms prevailed at relatively shallow depths (70-220 m). Among the calcareous species miliolids prevail, their magnesium containing shells are obviously more resistant to dissolution processes. Foraminifera of all the samples were recent and living, containing cytoplasm. The new data on the distribution of the recent benthic foraminifera permits a better understanding of the paleoecological conditions of the geological past. The new data obtained are also important for the comparison of the marine biotas in the Western and Eastern parts of Antarctica.
Conodonts from the mid-Carboniferous boundary GSSP at Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA
Authors: Lane H. Richard , Yuping Qi , Zhihao Wang , Nemyrovska Tamara I. , Richards Barry C. , Keyi Hu
Published: April 2022

The Global Stratotype Section and Point of the mid-Carboniferous boundary was selected in the Arrow Canyon section within the lower Bird Spring Formation at the first evolutionary appearance of the conodont Declinognathodus noduliferus (Ellison and Graves) sensu lato. The studied boundary beds, spanning a 38.8-m interval from the Upper Mississippian into the Lower Pennsylvanian, occur in bryozoan-brachiopod-crinoidal grainstones/packstones with conodonts and foraminifers. The conodonts of the studied interval belong to the shallow-water Adetognathus-Rhachistognathus biofacies. The Adetognathus and Rhachistognathus species/subspecies A. lautus (=A. gigantus), A. spathus, R. minutus minutus, R. muricatus, R. primus, R. prolixus, R. websteri and transitional forms dominate the succession. Gnathodus girtyi simplex, G. lanei n. sp., G. defectus and transitional forms between them are abundant. The elements of the boundary-marker D. noduliferus s. l. and transitional forms between G. girtyi simplex and D. inaequalis are less common. The occurrences of Idiognathoides spp. are very rare. Neognathodus spp. only occur in the upper part of the studied interval. The mid- Carboniferous boundary stratotype has been studied by many workers but its conodonts have been rarely described systematically. The detailed updated descriptions of themost stratigraphically important taxa are given in this paper. The evolution of Gnathodus, Adetognathus and Rhachistognathus species within the midâ€“Carboniferous interval is discussed. Four lineages are summarized: 1) C. unicornis, A. unicornis, A. lautus and A. spathus; 2) G. girtyi girtyi, G. g. simplex and D. inaequalis; 3) G. lanei and G. defectus; and 4) R. prolixus, R. muricatus and R. websteri/R. primus/R. minutus.
The Benthic Foraminifera Cassidulina from The Arctic Ocean: Application to Paleoceanography and Biostratigraphy
Authors: Cronin Thomas M. , Seidenstein Julia , Keller Katherine , McDougall Kristin , Ruefer Anna , Gemery Laura
Published: April 2022

We investigated the morphology, biostratigraphy, shell stable isotope composition and paleogeography of the common Arctic benthic foraminifera, Cassidulina teretis (Tappan 1951) (sometimes assigned to Islandiella (NÃ¸rvang 1958), for application to Quaternary paleoceanography. Cassidulina teretis, which has been studied by several generations of Arctic foraminiferal specialists, is used in Arctic Ocean paleoceanographic reconstructions based on foraminiferal assemblages and, increasingly, isotope shell chemistry. Here we review its modern and fossil distribution including discussions of its taxonomy, ecology, biostratigraphy and shell chemistry. Cassidulina teretis Tappan 1951, originally described from the Gubik Formation, northern Alaska coastal plain, has variability in test size, apertural morphology and development of an umbilical boss representing intra- and inter-population differences across the Arctic and subarctic in modern, Quaternary and Pliocene assemblages. Nonetheless, our studies and those previously published lead us to conclude that populations from the Arctic Ocean represent a single species proposed by Tappan as Cassidulina teretis. Its modern distribution is mainly 200 to 1000 m water depth, often living within the core of the relatively warm Atlantic Layer. However, shallower occurrences suggest other factors, such as food supply, are also critical to its ecology. The Holocene distribution of Cassidulina teretis in the Beaufort Sea boundary indicate millennial-scale changes in relative abundance related to changing Atlantic Layer influence, sea-ice cover, surface productivity and food availability. There are extremely large changes in its abundance during the last deglacial interval on the Yermak Plateau, Barents Sea slope and the Laptev Sea reflecting rapid ocean changes during the BÃ¸lling-AllerÃ¸d, Younger Dryas, and Preboreal. Similarly, C. teretis abundance changes during the last 300,000 years allow us to use it, at least regionally, as a useful biostratigraphic marker. The stable isotopic composition of Cassidulina teretis tests holds promise for establishing an isotope stratigraphy across the Arctic Ocean and perhaps also in the Nordic Seas, off Iceland and in the northern North Atlantic Ocean, once disequilibrium values and offsets from other Arctic benthic species are more firmly established.
The effect of Early Paleogene sea-level change on biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental settings: An example from north Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Hassan Hatem F. , Abouelresh Mohamed O.
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the imprints of early Paleogene sea level changes on biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental conditions at Gebel Falig in North Sinai. Biostratigraphic analysis has allowed the recognition of 17 planktic biozones (Paâ€“E5) ranging from Early Danian to Ypresian, representing continuous sedimentation despite the absence of Zone PO. Based on%P, four sea-level transgression cycles of the 3rd order have been recognized, the first cycle, spanning from Pa to P3a, is bounded by shallowing phases at the K/Pg andD/S boundaries, where sea level reached amaximum at the P1c/P2 subzonal boundary with a minor eurybathic shift in the upper part of subzone P1a. A gradual buildup of the faunal community in this cycle occurred within oligotrophic conditions. The second cycle includes subzone P3b, representing a middle neritic environment with a recovery of the benthic community and return of oligotrophic conditions. The third transgressive cycle extends from the upper part of Subzone P3b to Zone P5.Carbonate dissolution obliterated most of the benthic and planktic forms within Zone P5, but the occurrence of Kolchidina paleocenica within this interval may suggest a shallow marine environment. The Paleocene oligotrophic conditions ended abruptly with the extinction of Angulogavelinella avnimelechi at the P/E boundary. The last cycle extends from the base of Zone E1 to Zone E5. It is characterized by high %P and very low benthic diversity, which may have been due to environmental stress. It is concluded that shallowing and surface eutrophication due to upwelling are the main factors controlling the development of diagnostic Early Eocene assemblages in the study area and at other sites on the southern Tethys margin.
Pachycolumella nov. gen., shallow-water benthic imperforate foraminifera and its species from the Maastrichtian and Paleocene of Iran
Authors: Septfontaine Michel , Schlagintweit Felix , Rashidi Koorosh
Published: April 2022

A new pfenderinid taxon is described as Pachycolumella nov. gen. with the two species P. elongata n. sp. (type-species), and P. acuta n. sp. The type material comes from the upper Maastrichtian Tarbur Formation of the Zagros Zone, SW Iran. Areconstruction of Pachycolumella nov. gen is presented including allmorpho-structural elements such as a conspicuous central columella. The wall of the elongate and triserially coiled test is microgranular-agglutinated displaying a pseudokeriothecal texture. Pachycolumella species are also reported from the Paleocene (Danianâ€“early Thanetian) of Turkey,Oman, Iran (this paper), India, and Pakistan, thus representing aKâ€“Pg survivor taxon. In Iran Pachycolumella is reported from various localities belonging to both the former northern and the southern Neo-Tethyan margin. In the western Neo-Tethyan realm (e.g., Adriatic Carbonate Platform), Pachycolumella seems to be absent.
A new taxonomic approach to Krithe Brady, Crosskey and Robertson, 1874 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) based on specimens from the Miocene of Chile
Authors: Bergue Cristianini Trescastro , Coimbra Joao Carlos , Finger Kenneth L.
Published: April 2022

This study on Early Miocene species of Krithe from south-central Chile adopts a new taxonomic approach. The shape and number of posterior pits appear to be reliable diagnostic features that are especially useful in fossil specimens when recrystallization or infilling obscures the diagnostic anterodorsal radial pore canals (ADRPC). Based on this approach, three new species are proposed: Krithe dawnpetersonae n. sp., K. nerudai n. sp. and K. araucoensis n. sp. Moreover, additions are made to the diagnoses of Krithe dolichodeira van den Bold, K. sinuosa Ciampo, and K. dilata Ayress et al. Another two species of Krithe are kept in open nomenclature due to the scarcity of well-preserved adult specimens. This study reveals that some species of Krithe have wide geographic and stratigraphic distributions, while others have shorter ones.
Organic-walled marine microplankton from the Barremian and Aptian of the North Sea Region - biostratigraphy and taxonomy - Part 1
Authors: Duxbury Stan
Published: April 2022

Quantitative palynofloral analysis of 42 core chip samples from upper Barremian and Aptian sediments of the Heslerton No. 2 shallow borehole (Speeton Clay Formation, Eastern England) and Gannet Field well 22/26a-2 (Valhall Formation, United Kingdom Sector, Central North Sea) has yielded very rich and diverse marine assemblages composed largely of dinocysts and acritarchs. The high biostratigraphic resolution achieved has allowed detailed correlation between the sections analysed and with third-party data from the Wiechendorf 1/86 borehole (Lower Saxony Basin), a distance of approximately 700 km; the positions and extent of several hiatuses have been assessed within this framework. The Barremian/Aptian boundary has been discussed and "conventional" palynological criteria assessed with respect to contrary microfaunal and nannofloral evidence. Close spacing of samples has allowed some assessment of inter- and intra-species trends and, although palaeoenvironmental change profoundly influences assemblages, specific controls remain poorly understood. Over-prescriptive generic placement of taxa based on what are essentially subjective criteria is critically discussed. The zonation scheme proposed by Duxbury (2001) has been re-visited and significantly refined; recognition of additional marker events has allowed further sub-division of several zones to subzonal level, allowing a better understanding of late Barremian palynostratigraphy. Seventy-nine key palynofloral events have now been recognised between the late Barremian and "mid" Aptian, including many first occurrences. One genus, 23 species and 2 subspecies of dinocysts are described as new, nine new combinations have been effected and the diagnoses of two species have been emended; one species has been reduced to sub-species rank.