bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YESİLİ HOCA AHMED ROMAN ÜÇLEMESİNDE KIZILELMA’DAN İLA-YI KELİMETULLAH’A
Authors: SOYDAŞ Hakan
Published: October 2019

Yesili Hoca Ahmed isimli tarihî roman Mustafa Necati Sepetçioğlu’nun yayımlanan son eseridir. Üç ciltten oluşan bu tarihî roman Hoca Ahmed-i Yesevî’nin hikmet dolu hayatını ve tasavvufi bakış açısını yansıtır. Tarihî romanlar, tarihi bir fon olarak kullanırken hakikat ve kurgu arasındaki ilişkiyi de tesis etmeye çabalar. Sepetçioğlu, eserini kaleme almadan önce Türkî coğrafyayı gezmiş ve gözlemlerde bulunmuştur. Ahmet Yesevi’nin manevi iklimini solumaya gayret eden yazar, yapmış olduğu okumalarla Ahmet Yesevi ve Yesevilik üzerine bilgilerini arttırmıştır.Bilginin gerçekliğinde kurulan çerçeve metin, kurgu sanatının esaslarına da sadık kalınarak romanlaştırılmıştır. Ahmed-i Yesevî, tarihî şahsiyetinin yanı sıra roman kişisi olarak da hayat bulmuştur. Çalışmamızda Ahmed-i Yesevî’nin tarihî şahsiyetiyle roman karakteri kimliğinin ne ölçüde işlendiği ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca Türk tarihinin bir mihenk taşı olarak ele alınan Yesevilik öğretisinin de izleri sürülecektir. Yeseviliğin öne çıkarılan yönleri metin merkezli incelenip örneklendirilecektir.Bu çalışmada kurgu sanatının eseri olan roman kişisi Yesili Ahmed ve öğretileri gerçeklik terazisinde ölçüye vurulacaktır. Türk edebiyat tarihinin önemli yazarlarından Mustafa Necati Sepetçioğlu’nun en büyük eseri olarak tavsif ettiği ilgili romanı edebî mikyaslarla, akademik okumalar eşliğinde değerlendirilecektir.
ŞAİRİN DİLİNDEN FETİH: RÂZÎ’NİN MORA FETİHNÂMESİ
Authors: KOYUNCU Fatih
Published: October 2019

Savaşlarda kazanılan zaferlerin bahis konusu edildiği fetihnâmelerde galip gelen padişah ve komutanın kudreti övgü dolu ifadelerle anlatılır. Elde edilen galibiyetin halka duyurulmasında fetihnâme türündeki eserlerin ve mektupların önemi büyüktür. İslam devletlerinde gelenek olan fetihnâme yazımına Osmanlı Devleti zamanında da devam edilmiş; özellikle 16. asırdan sonra rağbet gösterilmiştir. Bu tür eserlerin edebî bir metin olmalarının haricinde tarihî birer belge niteliği de bulunmaktadır. Savaşa katılan şairler bu hadiselere hislerini de katarak gerçekleşen fethi nakletmişlerdir.Klasik Türk edebiyatı tarihi incelendiğinde fetihnâme türündeki eserlerin önemli bir yekun teşkil ettiği görülmektedir. Bu türde metin kaleme alanlardan biri de 18. asır şairlerinden Râzî’dir. Şair, Sultan III. Ahmed’in saltanatı zamanında 1715 yılında Mora’ya yapılan ve büyük bir zaferle sonuçlanan seferi mesnevi formunda nazma çekmiştir. Fetihnâmenin yazma nüshasında müellif hakkında herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Ancak eserde Râzî mahlasını belirten şairin bu asırda yaşayan şiir ve inşada mahir, tarihleri beğenilen Abdüllatif Râzî (ö. 1146/1733-34) olması kuvvetle muhtemeldir. 162 beyit olarak kaleme alınan fetihnâmede şair sanat kaygısıyla hareket ederek Mora fethini tasvirî bir üslupla anlatmış, fethedilen yerler ile bazı kale ve beldeler hakkında bilgiler vermiştir. Bu çalışmada fetihnâmeler hakkında genel hususlara değinilmiş, hakkında net bir bilgi bulunmayan eserinin müellifi Râzî’nin kim olabileceği tartışılmış, Mora fetihnâmesi şekil ve muhteva yönünden incelendikten sonra eserin metni sunulmuştur.
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Dersini Okutan Öğretmenlerin Okul İçi ve Dışı Spor Tesis, Araç ve Gereçlerden Yararlanma Durumlarının İncelenmesi (Niğde Örneği)
Authors: DOĞAR Yahya
Published: October 2019

Araştırmanın birinci amacı, Niğde ili merkez ilköğretim okullarında
görev yapan beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri ile beden eğitimi ve spor
derslerini okutan öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre, mevcut beden eğitimi ve spor
tesis, araç ve gereçlerinin envanterini ve okulların mahalli spor tesis, araç
ve gereçlerinden yararlanma durumlarını tespit etmektir. İkinci amacı ise beden
eğitimi ve spor dersinin amaçlarına uygun olarak ne düzeyde okutulup
okutulamadığını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla gerekli yasal izinler alınarak,
öğretmenler için düzenlenen bilgi edinme formu uygulanmış ve bulgular frekans
ve yüzde dağılım olarak tablolar halinde
verilmiştir. Bulgulara göre ilköğretim okullarının beden eğitimi ve spor dersi
için yeterli tesis, araç ve gereçleri bulunmadığı, bu eksikliği gidermek için
mahalli spor tesis, araç ve gereçlerinden büyük oranda yararlanılamadığı
anlaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak beden eğitimi ve spor dersinin amaçlarına uygun
olarak okutulamadığı, öğrencilerin ihtiyaç duydukları temel oyun ve sportif yarışmalardan
uzak kaldığı anlaşılmıştır. Dolayısıyla beden eğitimi ve spor dersinin
amaçlarına uygun okutulabilmesi için, bu dersi okutan öğretmenlerin konuyla
ilgili görüş ve tespitlerine ihtiyaç vardır.
İkinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Müzik Yetenek Sınav Puanları ile Uygulamadan Elde Edilen Puanlar Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: EROL DÜBASTILAR Meltem
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Karadeniz bölgesindeki bir üniversitenin Eğitim Fakültesi
Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Bölümü Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı Özel Yetenek Sınavı
(2016) 2 ses, 3 ses, 4 ses, ezgi tekrarı, ritim tekrarı, dikte ve solfej
deşifre sorularının sınav puanları ile aynı soruların aynı öğrencilere 2018
yılında, (ikinci sınıf sonunda) Müziksel İşitme Okuma Yazma dersi final
sınavının bir bölümü olan “Uygulama” sınavında tekrar sorulması sonucu
aldıkları puanlar arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Veriler, Özel Yetenek Sınavından ve M.İ.O.Y. sınavı Uygulama aşamasından elde
edilmiştir. 2016 yılında ilgili üniversitenin Eğitim Fakültesi Güzel Sanatlar
Eğitimi Bölümü Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalında yapılan Yetenek Sınavını kazanan
50 öğrenciden 44’ü kayıt yaptırmıştır. 
Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2018 yılında ikinci sınıf olan aynı 44
öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma grubunun Yetenek Sınavı puanları ile ikinci
sınıfın sonunda yapılan Uygulama puanları, SPSS 21 programı ve Microsoft Excel
kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve gerekli karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Yetenek
Sınavı puanları ve Uygulama puanları arasındaki ilişki, Pearson Korelasyon
Katsayısı ile hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yetenek sınavı ile uygulama
puanları arasında 2 ses işitme, 3 ses işitme, 4 ses işitme, ezgi tekrarı, ritim
tekrarı, dikte ve solfej deşifrede anlamlı olmayan düşük düzeyde bir ilişki
olduğu görülmüştür. Dikte puanı uygulamada daha yüksek çıkmıştır.
Lei n° 471, de 3 de dezembro de 1919
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: October 2019

No Rio Grande do Norte, no governo do Desembargador Joaquim Ferreira Chaves(1914-1920), a educação escolar primária, normal e profissional foi reformada (Lei Orgânicade n° 405, de 29 de novembro de 1916) oferecendo condições de maior eficiência eamplitude. Base essencial da organização da educação pública, a educação primária seriaministrada nos grupos escolares, escolas isoladas, escolas rudimentares, escolas ambulantes eescolas noturnas a funcionarem nas sedes dos municípios, vilas, povoados, bairros operáriose burgos agrícolas das localidades.Educadores, políticos e estudantes integrados ao Movimento Nacional de LutaContra o Analfabetismo fundaram, em agosto de 1916, a Liga Contra o Analfabetismo. NoRio Grande do Norte, o slogan do Movimento Nacional de Luta Contra o Analfabetismo era:Combater o analfabetismo é dever e honra de todo brasileiro.No ano de 1919, a Assembleia Legislativa aprovou a Lei n° 471, de 3 de dezembrode 1919 (abaixo descrita), autorizando o governo a criar, nos povoados, fazendas oupropriedades, uma escolar rudimentar.
Ensino de sociologia: múltiplos olhares de um “campo de pensamento” em construção
Authors: Melo Valci
Published: October 2019

OLIVEIRA, Luiz Fernandes de (Org.). Ensino de sociologia: desafios teóricos e pedagógicospara as ciências sociais. Seropédica/Rio de Janeiro: EDUR, 2013.
Conversion of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes into adsorbents for pharmaceutical drugs
Authors: Cruceanu Anca , Vaideanu Monica Alexandra , Zavoianu Rodica , Bacalum Elena , Pavel Octavian Dumitru
Published: October 2019

Lignocellulosic agricultural wastes e.g. corn cobs, straws and corn stalks were converted into carbonaceous adsorbents using a sequence of thermal and chemical activation processes. The derived solids obtained after each type of activation were characterized by determination of fix carbon content, iodine number, Boehm titration and DRIFT spectrometry. The results obtained at the adsorption tests were well correlated to those of the characterization, showing that the most promising adsorbents for amoxicillin removal were those submitted to a thermal treatment followed by a chemical alkaline activation, followed by washing and a secondary thermal treatment. The most promising bio-based adsorbent was the one derived from corn stalks (90.6% adsorption efficiency).
Experimental evaluation of a biological products' efficiency for high-load wastewater treatment
Authors: Manea Elena Elisabeta , Bumbac Costel , Gaulea Florin
Published: October 2019

Prior to discharge, high-loads wastewater needs intensive treatment, that can be carried out by physical, chemical or biological means towards discharge water quality. Extensive research has been carried out to identify solutions with reduced costs and high efficiencies. The paper presents the lab scale performance efficiencies of an innovative biological complex product obtained for the treatment of several samples (municipal wastewater, pig farm wastewater, wastewater from a restaurant’s grease removal tank). The experiments were carried out in laboratory bioreactors, the sample volume considered ranging from 1.5L to 4L depending on the waste water load and the number of simultaneous samples. Each sample was tested in parallel under similar conditions, the only varied parameter being the dissolved oxygen concentration. The results have shown that, under the tested conditions, the product contributes to pollutants degradation, with good efficiency for nitrogen ammonium and Kjeldahl nitrogen removal, managing to partially reduce the organic load. However, after 42 days of experiment, the effluent does not meet the sewage discharge conditions imposed by NTPA 002-H.G.352.
Fe-Al recovery from mine water treatment residuals and product testing for wastewater treatment - phosphate and turbidity removal
Authors: Dinu Laurentiu Razvan , Badescu Valeriu Robert , Vasile Gabriela Geanina , Cristea Ionut , Serban Ecaterina Anca , Oncu Voicu , Moga Marinela
Published: October 2019

Mine water treatment scope is to produce an effluent which satisfies the discharge limits according to permits. However, the production of metal-rich sludge is a consequence of the mine water treatment and its disposal as a waste raises the cost of the whole operation, so ways to convert the sludge into marketable products are desirable. For example, mine water treatment sludge can be used for adsorbents or pigments production or some of the sludge components can be extracted and utilized as coagulants. Coagulants were obtained from mine water after partial precipitation of metal species or after conventional treatment, by leaching the sludge with acid. The effectiveness of coagulants considering phosphate, chemical oxygen demand and turbidity is presented in this paper, alongside with some of the drawbacks as observed.
Management strategies applied in water stations used in the food industry in order to increase the quality of the biogas
Authors: Buzoianu Daniela Angela , Panaitescu Casen
Published: October 2019

Reducing the costs of wastewater treatment plants in the food industry is a necessity. Thus, it is necessary to find solutions to make their operation more efficient. The use of biogas obtained in the production process is a variant that leads to the increase of the profit at the whole plant level. This is how the Balance Scorecard model was used. The use of this model was based on non-financial indicators. These were: biogas quality and wastewater indicators from the UASB reactor that ensures biogas quality.
Treatment of HEMP retting wastewaters: use of by-products from winemaking industry
Authors: Gavrilas Simona , Nastuneac Violeta , Munteanu Florentina Daniela
Published: October 2019

The present study considered the use of a by-product from winemaking for the treatment of wastewater from hemp retting process. To evaluate if different obtained extracts of grape marc (BRE-extract of refrigerated grape marc, BUE-extract of dried grape marc, BLE-extracted of lyophilised grape marc, BLM-ultrasound soaked lyophilised grape marc, BLM fUS-soaked lyophilised grape marc, no ultrasound treatment) are feasible to be used for the wastewater treatment. The chosen parameters (pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and conductivity) were monitored over 14 days and it was observed that starting with day 8 the measured values for all parameters remained constant.
A finite element method for environmental and pollutant transport prediction
Authors: Radulescu Victorita
Published: October 2019

In the last decades, significant researches were dedicated to model the water-quality trends, soil erosion and material losses, contaminant transport, and their ecological impacts. The present paper investigates theoretically and presents a numerical model with finite elements of the pollutant transport and diffusion in 2-D environmental flow. It is a general model based on the physical groundwater flow equations presented into a new approach, in quantity structure. The mathematical model is based on mass conservation, including the main flow of the fluid and existing pollutants. The fluid mass conservation includes the changes in the groundwater volume flow in a selected time interval and the appeared modifications in the aquifer characteristics due to the pollutant presence are used in the numerical model. Some supplementary considerations concerning mathematical modeling are briefly presented. This model can be used to simulate the groundwater behavior in different situations, with a concentrated source of the pollutant, or with 2 sources of pollution. In the present paper are simulated only the aquifers with mainly horizontal groundwater flow and with a relatively known aquifer’s structure. The model is tested for a landfill near the Dambovita River, to predict the groundwater contamination and the time variation of concentration. Finally, some conclusions and references are presented.
Comparative toxicity effects of cleaning products on fish, algae and crustacea
Authors: Gheorghe Stefania , Lucaciu Irina , Mitru Daniel , Ionescu Lucian , Nita-Lazar Mihai
Published: October 2019

The hygiene process imposes a high usage of household cleaning products and personal care products, which after use reach the municipal and industrial wastewater of the sewerage networks and finally the surface waters. Depending on the physic, chemical and biological properties of the constituent substances, they could manifest various harmful effects on the aquatic organisms such as mortality, inhibition or stimulation of growth / development, and changes of the community structure linked to particular ecosystems and water quality degradation. The study objective was to highlighted the aquatic toxicity effects of some cleaning products on freshwater fish, green microalgae and planktonic crustaceans in order to correspond to EU ecolabel criteria. Three products based on anionic, non ionic and amphoteric surfactants were tested using OECD methodologies. The laboratory experiments showed non toxic acute effects on tested organisms. The acute toxicity concentrations (EC 50 / LC50) being more than 100 mg/l for each tested product. According to international norms for toxicity classification all the products were non harmful for aquatic live.
Methodology for quickly determining the quality of pellets
Authors: Komitov Georgi , Rasheva Violeta , Binev Ivan
Published: October 2019

A methodology for quickly and easy determination the quality of pellets offered on the market is developed on the basis of "theory of graphs". The pellet quality assessment is performed in two ways - by direct control (non-destructive measurements) and by combustion. The following pellets parameters are determined at the direct control stage: friability, homogeneity, presence of dark stains and moisture content. The experimental measurement of following parameters of the combustion process is carried out at the stage of pellet burning assessment under real conditions: temperature in the combustion chamber, time for complete combustion of the pellets and the amount of ash after pellets combustion. The calorific value of the tested pellets is determined on the basis of the experimentally obtained parameters of the combustion process. The the obtained parameters values are statistically processed according to the described in the paper equations at the next stage. Then the results for the investigated pellet parameters are compared with the normative values. The proposed methodology could be calibrated by experimental determining the calorific value of investigated pellets by a calorimeter. Practical application of this methodology is that by not so complicated measurements and calculations the required amount of pellets for heating a building with a certain energy consumption for heating season could be determined.
Methods of the end-use of end-of-life tires
Authors: Ivanova Nevena , Filipova Margarita , Zheleva Ivanka
Published: October 2019

The main objective of the study, presented in the article, is to review the possible methods of final recovery of End-of-Life Tires (EOLT). Applied methods of the end-use of EOLT used in Republic of Bulgaria and in some other countries in the European Union are presented and commented in the paper. Also the end-use of EOLT waste criteria is discussed. The possibilities for post-recovery including recycling of the waste generated by the tire recovery process have been explored. The application of the identified methods in Republic of Bulgaria and other European Union Member States have been analyzed and assessed.
Optimizing characteristics in mineral insulating oil used in high power transformers
Authors: Chera Anghel Irina Alina , Popescu Loredana
Published: October 2019

The most commonly used insulating liquid in transformers is mineral oil. Special synthetic applications such as silicone, ester, perchloroethene, etc. are used today in special applications, with different characteristics, very low or nonexistent toxicity to mineral oils used in transformers. On the other hand, they have a much better biodegradability than mineral oils in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. But they cannot directly replace the mineral oil in operation or in repaired units. They have dielectric properties and good heat transfer but have limited their use to special transformers due to the relatively high cost and availability.
Solutions for obtaining high quality viticultural productions in the context of climate change
Authors: Vizitiu Diana Elena , Dinca Lucian , Enache Viorica , Donici Alina , Radomir Ana Maria
Published: October 2019

Climatic conditions from areas where vine is cultivated or intended to be cultivated are essential and important to be acknowledged especially in the context of climatic changes that have taken place during the last 50 years. In this regard, prevention solutions are recommended to be implemented as well as solutions that decrease the damages caused by climatic changes or other stress factors. Among these solutions we mention the reorientation of vine areas, planting shelter-belts in areas and regions exposed to high intensity winds, reconsidering the structure of viticultural varieties or selecting the cultivated vine varieties.
The origin of ammonium in carbonated mineral waters and its underground transport to one production well in Middle Ciuc Depression from Eastern Carpathians
Authors: Olariu Andra , Palcu Marin
Published: October 2019

In many cases in Romania, the mineral waters (in the Neogene Volcanic area of the Eastern Carpathians), especially the carbonate waters, have ammonium in concentration over 0.5 mg/l. The main issue regarding the presence of ammonium is identifying if the concentration is due to the anthropogenic pollution or it is of endogenic origin. The geological, hydrogeological and hydrochemical data analysis resulted in a conceptual model of the aquifer’s spatial position, groundwater movement and mineralization, and ammonium occurrence. The geological and tectonic aspects, aquifer’s recharging, groundwater flow direction, absence of surface pollution sources and correlation of hydrochemical data, all indicate the underground origin of ammonium. The aquifer is generated in pliocene - quaternary granular deposits. In the basement of these granular deposits, in the fracture areas, the groundwater is mixed with carbon dioxide and ammonium emissions, produced in the volcanic chambers. The surface data correlation and the hydrochemical data analysis resulted in the confirmation of the deep ammonium origin. After groundwater flow modeling and ammonium transport simulation, the ammonium plume size and preferential transport directions have been finally elucidated.
PCB congeners occurrence in sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants in Romania
Authors: Tatarus Alina , Puiu Diana , Scutariu Roxana , Simion Marius , Niculescu Marcela Antoaneta , Galaon Toma
Published: October 2019

Sewage sludges originating from waste water treatment plants (WWTP) act as a sink for various contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The fate of organochlorine compounds in sewage sludge is shaped by their physical-chemical properties and by environmental conditions. The high persistence of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in sewage sludge is given by an extremely reduced degradation rate which varies from months to years (the half-life of PCB 28 is 10.9 years, and PCB 52, 11.2 years). Due to their increased hydrophobicity, these carcinogenic compounds can be easily uptake by plants and transferred to the food chain. The present study investigated the occurrence of these seven PCB congeners in sewage sludge sampled from municipal waste water treatment plants from different geographical areas in Romania for a two-year period (2018 and 2019). For the analyzed PCB congeners a database was created concerning their occurrence levels in sewage sludge from these WWTPs. A total number of 62 sewage sludge samples were collected from different WWTPs between 2018-2019 and analyzed for PCB congener content using a validated GC-ECD method according to SR EN 16167/2013. In all the samples that were analyzed in this study the sum of PCB congeners was situated below the maximum allowable concentration (MAC = 0.8 mg/kg d.w.) stated by the Order 708/2004.
O-AcylTEMPOs, a Modified and Fundamental, but Unexplored Carboxylic Derivative: Recent Progress in Synthetic Applications
Authors: Kawafuchi Hiroyuki , Ma Lijian , Hossain Md Imran , Inokuchi Tsutomu
Published: October 2019

O-Acylated 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyls (abbr. O-AcylTEMPOs) are
easily available and stable carboxylic derivatives, but their utility in organic synthesis is
unexplored in contrast to analogues, such as the N-methoxy-N-methylamides, known as
Weinreb amides. Especially, the O–N unit of the O-acylTEMPOs dictates a fairly electronwithdrawing
character for the carbonyl function. This enhances the reactivity and stability
of the resulting enolate ions. Accordingly, O-acylTEMPOs allow various transformations
and this review encompasses seven topics: (1) Reactivity of O-acylTEMPOs towards nucleophiles
and chemoselective transformations, (2) Reactivity of anionic species derived
from O-acylTEMPOs, (3) E-Selective Knoevenagel condensation of acetoacetylTEMPOs
and synthesis of furans, (4) Electrocyclization of 2,4-dienones derived from acetoacetic
derivatives and 2-substituted enals, (5) Diastereoselective addition of amide anion to O-(2-alkenoyl)TEMPOs
and β-amino acid synthesis, (6) Thermolysis of O-acylTEMPOs, and (7) Applications for Umpolung reactions
using O-benzoylTEMPOs, useful for the electrophilic amination of alkenes and alkynes.
The Use of Texture Features to Extract and Analyze Useful Information from Retinal Images
Authors: Zhang Xiaobo , Chen Weiyang , Li Gang , Li Weiwei
Published: October 2019

Background:

The analysis of retinal images can help to detect retinal abnormalities that
are caused by cardiovascular and retinal disorders.

Objective:

In this paper, we propose methods based on texture features for mining and analyzing
information from retinal images.

Methods:

The recognition of the retinal mask region is a prerequisite for retinal image processing.
However, there is no way to automatically recognize the retinal region. By quantifying and
analyzing texture features, a method is proposed to automatically identify the retinal region. The
boundary of the circular retinal region is detected based on the image texture contrast feature,
followed by the filling of the closed circular area, and then the detected circular retinal mask region
can be obtained.

Results:

The experimental results show that the method based on the image contrast feature can be
used to detect the retinal region automatically. The average accuracy of retinal mask region detection
of images from the Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction (DRIVE) database was 99.34%.

Conclusion:

This is the first time these texture features of retinal images are analyzed, and texture
features are used to recognize the circular retinal region automatically.
Simultaneous Assessment of MicroRNAs 126 and 192 in Diabetic Nephropathy Patients and the Relation of these MicroRNAs with Urinary Albumin
Authors: Tayel Safaa I. , Saleh Amany A. , El-Hefnawy Sally M. , Elzorkany Khaled MA. , Elgarawany Ghada E. , Noreldin Rasha I.
Published: October 2019

Background and Aim:

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major
determinant of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Altered microRNA levels lead to
serious chronic diseases, such as diabetes. We aimed to measure the expression levels
of two microRNAs, microRNA126 and 192 in DN and investigate their connection with
albuminuria levels.

Methods:

This study included 229 subjects (134 DN patients and 95 controls). Serum
lipid profiles, glucose levels, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and renal functions
were assayed. The microRNA126 and microRNA192 expression levels were determined
by real-time PCR.

Results:

Patients with DN had higher weights, BMI values, glucose levels (p<0.001),
HbA1c levels (p<0.001), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) values (p<0.001), urea
levels (P=0.002), and creatinine levels (P=0.004) and lower expression levels of both
microRNA192 (p<0.001) and microRNA126 (p<0.001) than controls. MicroRNA126
expression was positively correlated with age, estimated glomerular filtration rate
(eGFR) and microRNA192 expression but negatively correlated with blood sugar,
HbA1c, urea, creatinine and ACR. MicroRNA192 had higher sensitivity (91%), specificity
(94%), and area under the curve (AUC) (0.967) values than microRNA126 (sensitivity,
90%; specificity, 68%; AUC, 0.897) and thus can precisely diagnose DN.

Conclusion:

Both MicroRNA126 and microRNA192 expression were obviously
associated with DN and might determine the progression of the disease owing to
prominent relation with macroalbuminuria.
A Study for Therapeutic Treatment against Parkinson’s Disease via Chou’s 5-steps Rule
Authors: Lan Jianqiang , Liu Zhongqiang , Liao Chenghong , Merkler David J. , Han Qian , Li Jianyong
Published: October 2019

The enzyme L-DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), also called aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase, catalyzes the biosynthesis of dopamine, serotonin, and trace amines. Its deficiency or perturbations in expression result in severe motor dysfunction or a range of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. A DDC substrate, L-DOPA, combined with an inhibitor of the enzyme is still the most effective treatment for symptoms of Parkinson's disease. In this review, we provide an update regarding the structures, functions, and inhibitors of DDC, particularly with regards to the treatment of Parkinson's disease. This information will provide insight into the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Functional Nanomaterials for the Detection and Control of Bacterial Infections
Authors: Jia Huiqiong , Draz Mohamed S. , Ruan Zhi
Published: October 2019

Infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria that are difficult to treat with commonly used
antibiotics have spread globally, raising serious public health concerns. Conventional bacterial detection
techniques are time-consuming, which may delay treatment for critically ill patients past the optimal
time. There is an urgent need for rapid and sensitive diagnosis and effective treatments for
multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacterial infections. Advances in nanotechnology have made it possible
to design and build nanomaterials with therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Functional nanomaterials
that can specifically interact with bacteria offer additional options for the diagnosis and treatment of
infections due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we summarize the recent advances
related to the preparation of nanomaterials and their applications for the detection and treatment
of bacterial infection. We pay particular attention to the toxicity of therapeutic nanoparticles based on
both in vitro and in vivo assays. In addition, the major challenges that require further research and future
perspectives are briefly discussed.
Cytotoxic Prenyl and Geranyl Coumarins from the Stem Bark of Casimiroa edulis
Authors: Tun Khun Nay Win , Aminah Nanik Siti , Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Ramadhan Rico , Takaya Yoshiaki
Published: October 2019

Phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Casimiroa edulis
afforded four coumarins. Various spectroscopic experiments were used to characterize the isolated
coumarins. The structures were identified as auraptene (K-1), suberosin (K-2), 5-geranyloxypsoralen
(bergamottin) (K-3), and 8-geranyloxypsoralen (K-4), based on the chemical and spectral analysis.
Among these compounds, suberosin (K-2) and 5-geranyloxypsoralen (bergamottin) (K-3) were isolated
for the first time from this genus, and auraptene (K-1) was isolated from this plant for the first time.
Cytotoxicity of pure compound K-4 and sub-fraction MD-3 was evaluated against HeLa and T47D cell
lines and moderate activity was found with an IC50 value in the range 17.4 to 72.33 μg/mL.
The Syntheses, Characterization and Crystal Structures of a Series of Heterocyclic β-Diketones and Their Isoxazole Compounds
Authors: Su Biyun , Hou Yifan , Wang Li , Li Xiaoteng , Pan Dandan , Yan Tingyu , Zhang Ao , Paison Faida , Ding Liqing
Published: October 2019

Background:

In the field of coordination chemistry, the introduction of heterocyclic substituents
into the structure of β-diketone enables ligand to produce multiple coordination sites. The adoption of small
steric oxime group into the structure of heterocyclic β-diketone by Schiff-base condensation will further
increase coordination sites and facilitate the generation of polynuclear structures.

Objective:

A series of β-diketones (2a-2c) containing different heterocycles such as pyridine, thiophene and
furan and their corresponding isoxazole compounds (3a-3c) were synthesized.

Materials and Methods:

The Claisen condensations were investigated in a solvent-free rheological phase
system at room temperature to obtain heterocyclic β-diketones 2a-2c, which further reacted with
hydroxylamine hydrochloride to obtain heterocyclic isoxazoles 3a-3c. All these compounds were well
characterized by EA, IR, 1H NMR and X-ray crystal diffraction to confirm the structures. Synthetic
mechanisms of compounds and the effects of different heterocycles on reactivity were discussed deeply.

Result:

1H NMR indicated that these β-diketones do not exist as a total diketonic form but an equilibration
between diketone and enol forms in CDCl3 solvent, in which the enol form accounts for 98.0% in 2a, 94.3% in
2b, 95.5% in 2c. While the crystal structures of 2a-2c showed that the reaction allows to isolate diketones in
solid state. Crystal structures of 3a-3c showed that the neutral β-ketone oximes resonate and cyclize to form the
target heterocyclic isoxazoles.

Conclusion:

SN1 nucleophilic substitution mechanism of Claisen ketoester condensation was proposed for the
syntheses of 2a-2c, and SN1 single molecule nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism was put forward for
3a-3c.
Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection: A Case Report Analysis with a Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Piras Cristina , Pintus Roberta , Pruna Dario , Dessì Angelica , Atzori Luigi , Fanos Vassilios
Published: October 2019

Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) is a clinical condition characterized by a sudden and dramatic obsessive-compulsive disorder with a suggested post-infectious immune-mediated etiology. This condition is accompanied by an extensive series of relatively serious neuropsychiatric symptoms. The diagnosis of PANS is made by "exclusion", as the individual PANS symptoms overlap with a multiplicity of psychiatric disorders with the onset in childhood. A number of researchers accumulated evidence to support the hypothesis that PANS was closely associated with a number of infections.

In the last decade, metabolomics played an essential role in improving the knowledge of complex biological systems and identifying potential new biomarkers as indicators of pathological progressions or pharmacologic responses to therapy. The metabolome is considered the most predictive phenotype, capable of recognizing epigenetic differences, reflecting more closely the clinical reality at any given moment and thus providing extremely dynamic data. In the present work, the most recent hypothesis and suggested mechanisms of this condition are reviewed and the case of a 10 - year-old girl with PANS is described, before and after clarithromycin treatment. The main results of this case report are discussed from a metabolomics point of view. The alteration of several metabolic pathways concerning the microbial activity highlights the possible role of the microbiome in the development of PANS. Furthermore, different metabolic perturbations at the level of protein biosynthesis, energy and amino acid metabolisms are observed and discussed. Based on our observations, it is believed that metabolomics is a promising technology to unravel the mysteries of PANS in the near future.
Underutilization of Cardiac Therapies in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Elevated Troponin
Authors: He Michael , Panchangam Subhasree , Cruz Benjamin , Mukherjee Debabrata
Published: October 2019

Introduction:

Recent findings have shown that in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients,
elevated troponin is associated with increased mortality. However, due to concerns of cerebral hypoperfusion
and hemorrhagic transformation, current practice has been slow to apply proven cardiac
therapies to these patients. This study aims to determine this rate of utilization.

Materials and Methods:

A single-center review of 83 patients with AIS and measured troponin was
conducted. Patients were stratified based on elevated and non-elevated troponin. Between groups, we
measured the utilization of evidence-based cardiac therapies and used a univariate logistic regression
to compare outcomes of mortality, re-hospitalization, recurrent acute ischemic stroke, recurrent acute
myocardial infarction, and a composite of these outcomes.

Results:

Of 83 patients, 25 had elevated troponin and 58 had non-elevated troponin. There was no
statistical difference in the use of cardiac therapies between the two groups. Adenosine diphosphate
P2Y12 antagonists were infrequently used in both elevated and non-elevated troponin groups at 32%
vs. 24% (p = 0.64), as were Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin II
receptor blockers (ARB) at 56% vs. 69% (p = 0.38). Those in the elevated troponin group encountered
a statistically significant increase in composite endpoint 64% vs. 33% (Odds Ratio [OR] 7.28,
95% Confidence interval [CI] 2.19-28.88, p<0.01).

Conclusion:

Cardiac therapies are underutilized in patients with acute ischemic stroke and elevated
troponin levels. In turn, this low usage may explain the increase in morbidity and mortality seen in
these patients and the use of such therapies should be considered when treating this subset of patients
as the cardio protective nature of these therapies may outweigh the risks associated with them in AIS
patients.
Medication Adherence and Associated Factors among Chronic Heart Failure Clients on Follow Up Oromia Region, West Ethiopia
Authors: Fetensa Getahun , Yadecha Birhanu , Tolossa Tadesse , Bekuma Tariku Tesfaye
Published: October 2019

Background:

Chronic heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome with typical symptoms
that can occur at rest or on effort. It requires patients to manage their lifestyle with their disease and
when to notify their healthcare provider. The study was aimed to identify medication adherence and
associated factors among chronic heart failure clients on follow up Oromia region, West Ethiopia,
2017.

Methods:

Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed, after selecting three hospitals
by lottery method and allocating respondents to the three hospitals proportionally. A total of 424
patients were admitted to the medical ward and/or chronic follow up of Nekemte referral, Gimbi, and
Shambu hospitals. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data was entered into
Epi-data version 3.1, cleared, explored, and then exported to SPSS windows version 24.0 for further
analysis. Variable having a p-value less than 0.05 in the bivariate analysis was a candidate for multivariable
analysis and the effect of confounding variables was observed. Variables having a p-value
less than 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were assumed significant.

Results:

A total of 424 respondents were included in the final analysis giving a 95.3% response rate.
The result indicated that more than half of the study participants have adhered to prescribed medication.
Respondents with good medication adherence were more likely to adhere to good self-care behavior
[AOR (95% CI of OR) = 3.5(2.044, 5.96)]. Respondents whose limited fluid intake was one
or half-liter per day were more likely to adhere to the medication [AOR (95% CI of OR) = 2.5(1.43,
4.49)]. It was also found that those patients who avoided spices, sauces and others in food are more
likely to adhere to the medication [AOR (95% CI of OR) = 2.2 (1.152, 4.039)].

Conclusion and Recommendation:

Even if more than half of the study respondents have good medication
and self-care adherence, still it needs great attention in health education over their visit. Health
institutions are strongly recommended to give health education for clients and researchers to use advanced
study design for measuring medication adherence and self-care behaviors.
Research on Video Encryption and Privacy Protection in Cloud Monitoring System Based on H.264
Authors: Wu Qingtao , Cao Zaihui
Published: October 2019

:

Cloud monitoring technology is an important maintenance and management tool for cloud platforms.Cloud monitoring system is a kind of network monitoring service, monitoring technology and monitoring platform based on Internet. At present, the monitoring system is changed from the local monitoring to cloud monitoring, with the flexibility and convenience improved, but also exposed more security issues. Cloud video may be intercepted or changed in the transmission process. Most of the existing encryption algorithms have defects in real-time and security. Aiming at the current security problems of cloud video surveillance, this paper proposes a new video encryption algorithm based on H.264 standard. By using the advanced FMO mechanism, the related macro blocks can be driven into different Slice. The encryption algorithm proposed in this paper can encrypt the whole video content by encrypting the FMO sub images. The method has high real-time performance, and the encryption process can be executed in parallel with the coding process. The algorithm can also be combined with traditional scrambling algorithm, further improve the video encryption effect. The algorithm selects the encrypted part of the video data, which reducing the amount of data to be encrypted. Thus reducing the computational complexity of the encryption system, with faster encryption speed, improve real-time and security, suitable for transfer through mobile multimedia and wireless multimedia network.
Distance Aware VM Allocation Process to Minimize Energy Consumption in Cloud Computing
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Mahajan Manish , Mohana Rajni
Published: October 2019

Background:

Cloud computing is considered as an on-demand service resource with the
applications towards data center on pay per user basis. For allocating the resources appropriately for
the satisfaction of user needs, an effective and reliable resource allocation method is required. Because
of the enhanced user demand, the allocation of resources has now considered as a complex
and challenging task when a physical machine is overloaded, Virtual Machines share its load by utilizing
the physical machine resources. Previous studies lack in energy consumption and time management
while keeping the Virtual Machine at the different server in turned on state.

Aim and Objective:

The main aim of this research work is to propose an effective resource allocation
scheme for allocating the Virtual Machine from an ad hoc sub server with Virtual Machines.

Methods:

The execution of the research has been carried out into two sections, initially, the location
of Virtual Machines and Physical Machine with the server has been taken place and subsequently,
the cross-validation of allocation is addressed. For the sorting of Virtual Machines, Modified Best
Fit Decreasing algorithm is used and Multi-Machine Job Scheduling is used while the placement
process of jobs to an appropriate host.

Results and Conclusion:

Artificial Neural Network as a classifier, has allocated jobs to the hosts.
Measures, viz. Service Level Agreement violation and energy consumption are considered and fruitful
results have been obtained with a 37.7 of reduction in energy consumption and 15% improvement
in Service Level Agreement violation.
Linearity Enhancement Techniques for Operational Transconductance Amplifier: A Survey
Authors: Dubey Tanmay , Bhadauria Vijaya , Pandey Rishikesh
Published: October 2019

Background:

Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) plays an essential role
in many analog and mixed-signal applications that encourages the researchers to contribute their
work to design suitable structures of OTA for their applications with acceptable performance
parameters.

Methods:

The linearity of an OTA is one of its key performance parameters, which affects the performance
of the overall system whereas the transconductance value of OTA (Gm) contributes to decide
its application area. Low transconductance OTA finds its application in biomedical and neural
networks while OTA with higher transconductance is suitable for wireless communication. In any
system, it is desirable to obtain a linear voltage-to-current conversion, i.e., OTA, hence various linearization
techniques have been reported to linearize the OTA.

Results:

In the last two decades, various OTA structures have been reported with linear voltage-tocurrent
conversion. Some researchers used attenuation by means of different circuit approaches to
linearize the OTA or some used cancellation of nonlinearity terms by using different circuit implementation
techniques. Researchers used some other methods also to linearize the OTA viz
source degeneration, square root technique and mobility compensation.

Conclusion:

The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief survey of various popular linearization
techniques reported in the past.
Связь релаксации собственного стимулированного пикосекундного излучения GaAs с характерным временем остывания носителей заряда
Authors: Агеева Н.Н. , Броневой И.Л. , Забегаев Д.Н. , Кривоносов А.Н.
Published: October 2019

During the powerful picosecond optical pumping of a thin (~ 1 µm) GaAs layer, a stimulated intense (up to 1 GW/cm^2) picosecond emission appeared. As was found, for a fixed density of the pump pulse energy, with an increase of its diameter the characteristic picosecond time τr of the emission and carrier density n relaxation increases. Due to interrelation of the density and the temperature of the carriers at high-intensity emission (in the saturation state of the emission amplification), time τr is associated with the characteristic temperature relaxation time τT of the photo-pumped carriers, which was determined earlier theoretically with the emission-caused carrier heating taken into account. The corresponding analytical expressions for τr as a functions of τT are consistent with the above experimental results.
Влияние ионно-лучевой обработки в процессе ВЧ магнетронного распыления на свойства плeнок ZnO
Authors: Крылов П.Н. , Алалыкин А.С. , Дурман Е.А. , Закирова Р.М. , Федотова И.В.
Published: October 2019

The effect of ion-beam treatment, alternating with the
magnetron sputtering process, on the properties zinc oxide of
thin films is considered. Ion-beam treatment causes a decrease
in the growth rate, the size of the coherent scattering regions
and resistivity. The stoichiometric index, the band gap and the
refractive index increase. The transparency of the films in the area
of weak absorption does not change.
Структура и электрические свойства тонких пленок (ZnO/SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-25-=/SUB=-
Authors: Волочаев М.Н. , Калинин Ю.Е. , Каширин М.А. , Макагонов В.А. , Панков С.Ю. , Бассараб В.В.
Published: October 2019

Multilayer (ZnO/SiO2)25 thin films with a bilayer thickness of 6 to 10 nm has been synthesized in a single deposition process. The structure of the films consist of nanocrystalline ZnO layers and layers of amorphous SiO2. An analysis of the temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity, showed that a consistent change of the dominant conduction mechanism are realized in (ZnO/SiO2)25 thin films at temperatures 77 – 300 K: variable length hopping mechanism in a narrow energy band near the Fermi level at temperatures 77 – 250 K changed by the thermal activated impurity conductivity at close to room temperatures. The density of localized states and the activation energy of impurity conductivity has been estimated.
The effect of heat treatment on the structure and electrical properties of the synthesized films has been investigated. It was found that the chemical interaction between the ZnO and SiO2 layers occurs at 580–600°C. It accompanied by the destruction of the multilayer structure and the appearance of the chemical compound Zn2SiO4 with the tetragonal structure (I-42d space group).
Cтруктура и оптические свойства халькогенидных стеклообразных полупроводников системы As-Ge-Se
Authors: Исаев А.И. , Мехтиева С.И. , Мамедова Х.И. , Алекберов Р.И.
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe types of structural elements and chemical bonds forming an amorphous matrix of chalcogenide glassy semiconductors of the As–Ge–Se system and changes occurring in them depending on the chemical composition are determined using a method for studying the Raman and transmission spectra and density measurements. It is shown that a transition from the elastic to isostatic state and then to the stressed-rigid state occurs in the system under study with increasing arsenic and germanium contents. The observed changes in the Raman spectra and the features of the dependences of optical and other parameters on the chemical composition are explained within the chemical-ordering model, taking into account the existence of local states near the allowed band boundaries.