bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Report on Dyschromatosis Universalis Hereditaria with Palmar Involvement
Authors: Subhi Adhikari  , Rinta Vincent  , Devyani
Published: July 2024

Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hyper- and hypopigmented macules forming a reticulate pattern on the skin. This report presents an unusual case of a 14-year-old male patient with DUH involving the palms, a relatively uncommon manifestation of the condition. The patient presented with hyperpigmented lesions on the palms, which had developed over the previous eight years. Family history revealed similar pigmentary changes, suggesting a hereditary pattern. Clinical examination revealed no history of chemical or drug exposure, photosensitivity, or photophobia. Systemic evaluation was unremarkable, except for a low cortisol level of 1.12 mcg/dl (normal range: 6.2 to 19.4 mcg/dl) on the ACTH stimulation test. Skin biopsy from the left palm revealed diffuse hypermelanosis confined to the basal cell layer and occasionally extending to the lower third of the epidermis. Additionally, increased collagenization was observed in the deep dermis. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of DUH was established. The patient was initiated on long-term hydrocortisone therapy for cortisol hormone replacement. This case highlights the rare occurrence of palmar involvement in DUH and underscores the importance of thorough clinical evaluation and histopathological examination in establishing an accurate diagnosis. DUH is an uncommon genodermatosis, and reports of palmar involvement are scarce in the literature. This case contributes to the existing knowledge about the varied clinical presentations of DUH and emphasizes the need for increased awareness among clinicians
EFFECTIVENESS OF BCG VACCINATION AGAINST SARS-COV-2
Authors: Khan Muhammad Talal , Mansoor Afsheen , Hussain Aleena , Hussain Muhammad Waqar , Ahmad Farrukh , Mansoor Emaan
Published: July 2024

Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is weakened Mycobacterium bovis based preparation that provides protective effects and immunotherapy against many ailments and may be tested against SARS-COV-2. Herein, we compare the prevalence of COVID-19 in countries with and without mandatory BCG vaccination program along with a study to examine its incidence in doctors working at quarantine facility with and without history of prior BCG vaccination. Methods: For cross-sectional examination, the data was collated from worldometer.info, BCG World Atlas and COVID-19 stats at National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC), Government of Pakistan accessed on Apr 30, 2021. For a real-time analysis, total of one hundred random male and female doctors working at a COVID-19 healthcare facility in Pakistan were voluntarily selected. Chi-square test was used to perform the statistical analysis with the help of SPSS-22. Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 in countries with and without a mandatory BCG vaccination policy was found to be 5,512 and 75,592 cases per million, respectively, and mortality rates were 98 and 1,435 per million, respectively. Amongst our randomly selected doctors, only 28% of the BCG vaccinated doctors were affected by COVID-19 contrary to 94% of those who were unvaccinated. Conclusions: The incidence of COVID-19 was considerably lower in the doctors with a history of BCG vaccination supported by the evidence that the countries with a universal BCG vaccine policy had a significantly low incidence and lower mortality rate due to COVID-19.
FREQUENCY OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANT GENES IN E. COLI STRAINS PRESENT IN EFFLUENTS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES IN PESHAWAR
Authors: Mehwish Alina , Asmat Sara , Humayun Sidra , Iqbal Sohail , Khan Shakirullah , Ali Mohsin
Published: July 2024

Background: The intense use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of different infections resulted in bulk manufacturing of antimicrobial drugs by the pharmaceutical industries. The wastewater of these industries contains traces of raw form of antimicrobial agents which drains into sewerage system of the area, the exposure to which results in the development of resistant microbes. The goal of our study was to determine the frequency of antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) in E. coli present in effluents of pharmaceutical industries in Hayatabad Industrial State, Peshawar. Methods: In this qualitative analysis 5 wastewater samples each were obtained from effluents of 5 different pharmaceutical industries situated at Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar. E. coli in these effluents was cultured and identified through biochemical tests and Gram staining. DNA was extracted and ARGs such as sul1, dfrA1, tetA, tetB and ermB were analyzed through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results were tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: E. coli were detected in the samples with citrate utilization and indole and triple sugar iron tests. The effluents contained resistant strains of E. coli which have developed ARGs against major antibacterials such as sul1 for sulfonamides (84%), dfrA1 for trimethoprim (80%), tetA and tetB for tetracyclines (80%) while ermB for erythromycin (72%). Conclusion: The wastewater effluents of pharmaceutical industries may be one of the major sources of development of ARGs in microbes.
Pak J Physiol 2021;17(4):23?6
LEVELS OF INTERLEUKIN-7 IN INTERFERON TREATED AND UNTREATED PATIENTS OF HEPATITIS-C: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Jadoon Alamzeb , Saad Ammar bin , Khan Muhammad Basharat , Zahid Muhammad , Kayani Jamil Ahmed , Ahmed Nisar
Published: July 2024

Background: Hepatitis C is chronic viral disease that affects liver cells. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is an important marker in adaptive immunity as it helps immunity to fight various infections as it acts as a growth and survival factor for T lymphocytes. It improves adaptive immunity towards viral infections like hepatitis C itself. In Hepatitis C patient, its role remains debatable. In our research, we studied the levels of serum IL-7 in Control group, interferon (IFN) treated and untreated groups of Hepatitis C in order to assess the effect of IFN treatment on the indicators used. Objective of this study was to measure and compare the levels of IL-7 in treated and untreated patients of Hepatitis C. Methods: After written, informed consent, 26 subjects in each group (Control, Untreated HC patients and Interferon Treated HC patients) of both sexes were recruited from all districts of Hazara Division. The PCR was done for viral load. Serum IL-7 level was measured using ELISA. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS-20 and was compared within three groups. Results: Mean serum levels of IL-7 measured in in treated group were higher as compared to untreated groups. No statistically significant difference was observed in the serum levels of IL-7 between any of the three groups studied. Conclusions: The study showed no significant differences on comparison in IL-7 levels within control, untreated and interferon treated groups. However, with a higher number of samples may define he role of IL-7 in HC.
Pak J Physiol 2022;18(1):26?8
PRE-DIAGNOSTIC SERUM LEVELS OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA
Authors: Tariq Nusrat , Rafiq Muhammad , Butt Rahma Zahid , Butt Fatima Zahid , Waquar Sulayman , Malik Arif
Published: July 2024

Background: Fibromyalgia is characterised by fatigue, sleep disruption and pain perception. The aetiology of this syndrome is still unclear. Central sensitization is considered to be a major mechanism of action and other factors may be involved including hormonal, genetic and immunological factors. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of different interleukins and matrix metalloproteinases in the development of fibromyalgia. Method: Complete blood count (CBC) profile of 50 patients and 50 controls were measured on automated haematology blood analyser. The levels of Interleukins IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1? and IL-1-RA were measured using commercially available kits. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, 7, and 9 were analysed by ELISA kit assay. Results: The mean values of IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7 and IL-9 were significantly increased in the patients with fibromyalgia when compared to control individuals. Elevated trends of IL-8, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1? and IL-1-RA were recorded in the patients with fibromyalgia as compared to control individuals respectively. The mean values of MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 were significantly increased in the patients with fibromyalgia as compared to control individuals. Conclusion The levels of inflammatory markers such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-17, IL-18, IL-1? and IL-1-RA were significantly higher among the fibromyalgia patients as compared to controls. These inflammatory markers may have prominent role in the development and progression of disease condition.
Pak J Physiol 2022;18(2):31–4
FLOODS HAVE POSED SERIOUS HEALTH AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES IN AFFECTED AREAS OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Iqbal Tehseen
Published: July 2024

Climate changes can contribute to flooding. Adverse effects of flooding include loss of life, property, and infrastructure damage, road closures, erosion and landslide risks, crop destruction and livestock loss, health risks due to water contamination, housing displacement and economic impacts. Exposure to contaminated floodwater can cause wound infection, skin rash, gastrointestinal disorders, and tetanus etc. Around 33 million people in Pakistan were affected by devastating floods that killed over 1,700 people. One-third of Pakistan was inundated and 116 out of 154 districts of Pakistan have been affected by floods. Frail, hungry, children are fighting a losing battle against severe acute malnutrition, diarrhoea, malaria, dengue fever, typhoid, acute respiratory infections, and painful skin conditions. The longer the crisis continues, the greater the risk to children’s mental health. According to National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), 2,000 health facilities, representing 10% of all health facilities in the country have been damaged. Over 8 million people in flood-affected districts are in urgent need of health assistance. Less than 50% of all people needing health services are currently able to access health facilities. Cases of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) with complications are on the rise. Floods have disrupted immunization campaigns. United Nation’s revised Floods Response Plan was released on 4 Oct and seeks $816 million to provide humanitarian assistance to 9.5 million people. As of 16 Dec 2022, donors had funded only 26.7% of the $816 million requested. Lack of resources will definitely worsen health crisis during winter season.
Pak J Physiol 2022;18(4):1–2
PLASMA ADIPONECTIN LEVELS IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA: A CROSS SECTION STUDY
Authors: Qamar Ambreen , Nazar Shazia , Butt Fareeha , Iqbal Farah , Rehmani Shumaila , Haque Zeba
Published: July 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder of airway obstruction during sleep with multisystem implications and associated complications, while mostly underdiagnosed and undertreated. It has drawn more attention in recent years with a substantial increase in its prevalence. Studies reported inconclusive results for the association of adiponectin with OSA as a reliable biomarker. The present study aimed to evaluate this association. Methods: A total of 88 participants, including 44 apnea subjects and 44 controls, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were selected for this cross-sectional study ?performed from Dec 2018 to Jan 2020. Apnea subjects were selected after confirmation of their OSA by overnight polysomnography, and classified into mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups based on their Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). Blood samples were collected in EDTA-containing tubes and Enzyme-link immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) was done for plasma levels of adiponectin. SPSS-20 was used for analysis of the data. Results: Mean adiponectin level was significantly higher in controls as it was 9.16±3.54 µg/ml for controls and 3.47±2.03 µg/ml for OSA. Comparison between different OSA sub-group revealed mean adiponectin as 3.99±1.69, 2.73±1.65, and 3.64±2.30 µg/ml in mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups respectively. Conclusion: Lower plasma adiponectin levels ?were identified among OSA subjects as compared to controls. Lower levels of adiponectin are associated with the presence of  OSA and could be helpful to identify subjects who are at risk for OSA-related comorbidities.
Pak J Physiol 2023;19(1):17–20
ENHANCE YOUR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: PHYSIOLOGICAL WAY TO REMAIN HEALTHY
Authors: Iqbal Tehseen
Published: July 2024

Human lives are becoming increasingly sedentary because of the use of motorized transport, mechanized lifestyle and the increased use of screens for work, education and recreation. There has been no improvement in global levels of physical activity since 2001. Insufficient activity increased by 5% (from 31.6% to 36.8%) in high-income countries between 2001 and 2016. The economic burden of physical inactivity is large. From an economic perspective, physical inactivity costs are as high as $53.8 billion worldwide, of which Pakistan alone bears the amount of $198.5 million. WHO defines physical activity as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. The World Health Organization recommends, for adults aged 18-64 years, to undertake i. at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity throughout the week, or ii. at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity throughout the week, or iii. perform an equivalent combination of both forms of physical activity. Regular physical activity is one of the most important things people can do to improve their health. Moving more and sitting less have tremendous benefits for everyone, regardless of age, sex, race, ethnicity, or current fitness level.
Keywords: Exercise, physical activity, physical inactivity chronic diseases, economic burden
ASSOCIATION OF DIETARY INTAKE WITH SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AMONG NURSES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KARACHI
Authors: Raza Fahim , Naz Subia , Hussain Khalid , Ali Amjad , Ahmed Tanseer
Published: July 2024

Background: Nurses’ health status has great importance for their better and enhanced performance in hospital setup. Unhealthy diet may expose them to various diseases. The aim of this study was to identify dietary intake and its association with socio-demographic characteristics among nurses. Methods: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st June to 31st July 2020 and included 337 nurses from Dr. Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital having minimum one-year working experience, using purposive sampling technique. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (33-items) was used to measure dietary intake in association with socio-demographics of nurses. Data was analysed using SPSS-23. Results: Majority (71.8%) of the study participants were female, 84.0% were married, and 49.2% were in 31–40 years old. Low fat dietary and dairy products were significantly associated with gender, marital status, age group, qualification, smoking, exercise, diabetes, and hypertension with p=0.02, 0.5, 0.03, <0.001, 0.03, <0.001, <0.01 and <0.01 respectively. Sea food and high-fat dairy products were significantly associated with exercise only (p=0.03). Conclusion: There was no significant association of fat and sweets intake with demographic characteristics except that low-fat diet and dairy products were significantly associated with all demographic variables. Sea food and high-fat dairy products had significant association with exercise.
Pak J Physiol 2023;19(2):6–9
SILVER NANO-PARTICULATE COATING ON IMPLANTABLE TITANIUM DEVICES: CAN WE TEACH AN OLD DOG A NEW TRICK? —A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Iqbal Ayousha , Abbas Zaineb , Abdullah Shamima , Fatima Tatheer , Batool Fizza , Saleem Tahira
Published: July 2024

Implant materials are one of the most investigated topics in modern medicine. This review is focused only on addressing silver as coating substance on top of titanium based implantable devices, and focused on the last five years of silver coated titanium implants on human cell population. This study was conducted on Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar. A time window of the previous five years was selected up to May of 2021. The study was done at HBS Dental College, Islamabad and the Higher Education Commission Library, Islamabad. The multi-location reviewing and gathering of articles assured lack of bias in the article selection. The search for articles was done using prescribed keywords and then the sieving of articles further using systemic review methodology via PRISMA flowchart. There was excessive evidence to suggest that the surface modification with silver is effective to eliminate surface microbes which might interfere in good quality healing of bone around the titanium implant material. Silver has great antimicrobial activity however it does not show simultaneously just as good compatibility. This study points towards evidence of establishing the ‘sweet spot’ between the most favourable cytotoxic concentrations and most effective antimicrobial concentrations.
Pak J Pysiol 2023;19(3):51–5
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSIES CONDUCTED AT KHAWAJA MUHAMMAD SAFDAR MEDICAL COLLEGE SIALKOT
Authors: Qamar Areeba , Imran Ali Khadija Saeed , Afia Ghulam Hussain  , Altaf Fatima , Butt Usman Shahid
Published: July 2024

Background: Autopsy is performed to establish the manner and cause of death, and can help the authorities to implement effective protective measures against crime. Objective of this study was to determine manner, cause, gender predominance and target age group of medico-legal autopsies in government hospitals of Sialkot. Methods: Data for this retrospective cross-sectional study was collected from autopsy registers of Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital and Sardar Begum Hospital of Sialkot for the years 2018–2022. The data was entered in self-made proforma and analysed using SPSS-20. Results: The autopsies were done on 77.5% males and 22.5% females. The most sensitive group was 21–30 (25.6%) followed by 31–40 (20.5%). Out of 512 deaths, 290 were homicidal deaths, 105 (56.4%) were accidental, 66 (20.50%) were suicidal, 27 (12.89%) deaths with undetermined method, and 24 deaths were found to be natural. Firearm was the cause of deaths in 66.20% cases followed by blunt weapons in 11.37% cases, and penetrating injuries in 10.0% cases. Hanging was the most common cause of death among suicidal deaths (28.78%) and road traffic accident was the most common cause of accidental deaths (80.0%). Conclusion: Homicidal deaths are the most common deaths among unnatural deaths. Most commonly used weapon is firearm. There is male predominance. The most common target age group is 21–30 years.
Pak J Physiol 2023;19(4):36–8
EFFECT OF HIGH FAT AND CAGED CHICKEN DIET ON OVARIAN HISTOMORPHOLOGY IN FEMALE ALBINO RATS
Authors: Kiran Nafeesa , Haque Ayesha , Beenish Huma , Hashmi Tayba Saleha , Shah Maria
Published: July 2024

Background: Consumption of high fat diet, caged chicken meat and sedentary lifestyle have seriously increased the risks of hyperlipidema that leads to increased ovarian weight as well as ovarian stromal changes associated with difficulties in reproduction. This study is designed to compare the effects of high fat and caged chicken diet on histomorphology of ovaries of female albino rats. Methods: This study was conducted in collaboration with National Institute of Health and Anatomy Department of Islamic International Medical College, Islamabad after approval from Ethics Review Committee. The study duration was 12 months from Sep 2021 to Sep 2022, and was performed on 30 albino rats. Control group A was given standard rat diet. Experimental group B was given High Fat Diet (HFD) of 60% fat. Experimental group C was given cubes of caged chicken meat in the raw form. At the end of experiment, animals’ ovaries were collected and weighed. The samples were processed, sectioned in 5 ?m thickness, stained with H&E and observed under light microscope for stromal vascular changes and congestion. Results: The ovarian weight and stromal vascularity significantly increased in caged chicken diet group C compared to control group A and experimental group B. Conclusion: Caged chicken diet is more harmful than HFD in causing ovarian weight gain and ovarian stromal hypervascularity.
Pak J Physiol 2023;19(4):23-5
PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AMONG PATIENTS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME: A CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: ZAFAR SALEHA , Yasmin Tabinda , Saeed Rabia , ASLAM JAVARIA , Rafiq Tanzila , Bin Saad Ammar
Published: July 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian disease is a genetically complicated condition, most prevalent in women of reproductive age group. It is strongly associated with obesity, dyslipidemias, and menstrual disorders. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Method: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, from 1st Jan to 31st Dec 2021. All newly diagnosed patients of PCOS between the ages of 18 and 35 with a BMI <25 Kg/m2 were included in the study. Participants were divided into subgroups according to their age and BMI. The fasting lipid profile was measured through a blood sample taken from each patient after an overnight fast. Total cholesterol >200 mg/dL, LDL-C >130 mg/dL, Triglycerides >150 mg/dL, and HDL-C <40 mg/dL were labelled as dyslipidemia. Chi-square test was used to calculate and estimate the relative risk (RR) of any associations observed. Results: Among total 286 analysed patients of PCOS, mean age was 24.4±5.367 years and mean BMI was 21.01±1.912 Kg/m2. Sixty nine (24.13%) patients had dyslipidemia. Patients in the 18–27 age group and a BMI of 21–23 Kg/m2 were more likely to have dyslipidemia with PCOS, [RR 44.90; 95% CI (16.93, 119.04); p<0.001], and [RR 32.12; 95% CI (8.02, 128.61); p<0.001] respectively. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is seen in 24.13% individuals with PCOS. Screening in routine is recommended.
Pak J Physiol 2024;20(1):19-21
Kompetensi Kepribadian Sosial Guru Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Ulfa Syarifah Widya , Sambas Ela Carmelia Mukti , Rahmadhani Putri Rizki , Afifah Nabila Yun
Published: July 2024

Beberapa bagian harus diperhatikan dan merupakan hal penting untuk keahlian seorang guru adalah kompetensi sosial, yang harus terus dikembangkan. Seorang guru harus mampu berintraksi dengan baik dan membangun hubungan yang positif dengan orang-orang, termasuk siswa, orang tua, rekan guru, dan masyarakat, untuk membuat lingkungan belajar menjadi lebih baik dan efektif.  Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kriteria Keterampilan interpersonal pada guru di MTs Madinatussalam. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengambilan sampel melalui wawancara dan pengamatan. Gambaran fenomena yang terjadi dari narasumber dan hasil obsevasi peneliti digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan. Sebagai hasil dari pencarian informasi, guru bahasa Inggris di Mts Madinatussalam sudah memenuhi persyaratan sebagai guru dengan kompetensi sosial yang baik. Dibuktikan dari kesesuaian jawaban siswa pada angket/questioner dan hasil wawancara dengan guru bahasa Inggris tersebut. Memahami dan menerapkan kompetensi sosial dalam kegiatan mengajar dapat membantu guru menjadi pendidik yang lebih efektif dan berkontribusi pada masa depan pendidikan yang lebih baik.
Congreso internacional de investigación científica e innovación UEES 2022: "Contribución a los ODS"
Authors: Editorial
Published: July 2024

El volumen 8 n.º 2 de la revista Ciencia, Cultura y Sociedad recopila intervenciones presentadas en el Congreso Internacional de Investigación Científica e Innovación de la Universidad Evangélica de El Salvador, titulado “Contribución a los ODS”, que se llevó a cabo el 22 y 23 de junio de 2022. El evento reunió a investigadores, académicos y profesionales de una variedad de campos paracompartir conocimientos, experiencias y avances en la investigación científica y la innovación, con un enfoque específico en la contribución a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) establecidos por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas. Se impartieron seis conferencias magistrales por reconocidos expertos internacionales. Los participantes tuvieron la oportunidad de compartir y profundizar en temas como la salud, la educación, la energía sostenible, la conservación ambiental y el desarrollo económico, entre otros, relacionados con la investigación científica y la innovación, y su influencia en la implementación de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Composición Florísteristica, conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas en el cantón Valle de Jesús( subcuenca del río Sumpul) , municipio San Fernando, Chalatenango
Authors: López Méndez Melvin Iván , Franco Franco Felipe , Rivas Marroquín Fernando Javier
Published: July 2024

Los Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas (CAP) y el diagnóstico de la flora, principalmente de plantas nativas en microcuencas como la del río Sumpul son relevantes para comprender el sostenimiento de las comunidades y la calidad de los cuerpos de agua. Asimismo, es crucial entender la dinámica entre comunidades y el recurso hídrico para las actividades de mitigación. El estudio pretende determinar la flora presente en el sitio y los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con el río Sumpul.
Práctica de actividades física y uso de tecnología en jóvenes estudiantes de universidades privadas del occidente de El Salvador
Authors: Orantes Henríquez Natalia , Stella Morán Ana , López Tobar Raúl , Ramírez Daisy Carolina
Published: July 2024

Los constantes avances en el campo de la tecnología han provocado cambios en los estilos de vida de los jóvenes universitarios del occidente de El Salvador, quienes están más interesados en manipular dispositivos tecnológicos en su rutina diaria y por consiguiente menos motivados hacia la realización de actividades físicas en sus espacios libres. La actividad física es comprendida como el movimiento que una persona realiza en un período de tiempo determinado que provoca un gasto energético. Si esta actividad incluye una rutina organizada de ejercicio físico, se traduce en mejora de condición física y calidad de vida a través de la potenciación de la condición física, retardando que aparezcan los signos de fatiga y aportando a la estabilidad cognitiva. Solo el 33.4 % de los jóvenes está realizando actividad física clasificada como de categoría alta, a partir de criterio de actividad física (IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire, cuestionario internacional de actividad física). En otras palabras, realizan actividad física 5 días a la semana con un promedio diario de 3 horas, lo que resulta ser muy poco, mientras que el 97 % de los jóvenes poseían una computadora y en promedio la usan seis días a la semana al menos tres horas al día según cuestionario de uso de tecnología (ASAQ: Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire, cuestionario de actividad sedentaria en adolescentes).
Moralitas Remaja Di Era Digital Dalam Kajian Filsafat Buddha : A Systematic Literatur Riview
Authors: Astika Ria , Utomo Budi
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas tentang moralitas remaja di era digital dalam perspektif filsafat agama Buddha. Moralitas remaja merupakan kualitas yang penting untuk dibentuk dan dimiliki remaja, yang mencakup kesadaran, kesetiaan, dan kemampuan untuk memilih keputusan sesuai dengan norma dan nilai-nilai humanis selain itu Penelitian ini juga membahas era digital dapat memengaruhi moralitas remaja melalui beberapa faktor seperti kurangnya pemahaman remaja tentang penggunaan teknologi yang tepat dan dampaknya, ketidakstabilan emosi remaja, serta rendahnya literasi digital dan mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai moral agama Buddha seperti sila (kesadaran dan kepatuhan terhadap aturan), karuna (kepedulian sosial), dan mudita (kemampuan mengatur emosi). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Metode SLR digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengkaji, mengevaluasi, dan menafsirkan semua penelitian yang tersedia dengan bidang topik fenomena yang menarik, dengan pertanyaan penelitian tertentu yang relevan. Dengan penggunaan Metode SLR dapat dilakukan review dan identifikasi jurnal secara sistematis, yang pada setiap prosesnya mengikuti langkah-langkah atau protokol yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa di era digital moralitas sangat penting untuk dietarpakan pda remaja.
A Survey on Blockchain Technology in Communication Protocols
Authors: Lenin Dr. J. , Hasan Hussain Dr. S , Arul Leena Rose P J , Roshan Sahana
Published: July 2024

Offering decentralized and secure solutions to age-old problems. In the realm of communication protocols,where Blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive force across various industries, trust, security, and transparency are paramount, blockchain holds immense promise. This paper delves into the integration of blockchain technology into communication protocols, exploring its potential impact, challenges, and future directions. The paper begins by elucidating the fundamental concepts of blockchain technology, emphasizing its decentralized nature,cryptographic security, and immutable ledger. It then delineates the significance of communication protocols in facilitating data exchange, highlighting the need for robust mechanisms to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. Subsequently, the paper examines how blockchain technology can augment existing communication protocols by introducing decentralized consensus mechanisms, enhancing data integrity through cryptographic hashing,and fortifying security through encryption techniques. It elucidates how blockchain-enabled communication protocols can mitigate single points of failure, resist tampering, and provide transparent audit trails, thereby fostering trust in communication networks. Furthermore, the paper discusses various applications of blockchain technology in communication protocols, ranging from secure messaging platforms and decentralized social networks to verifiable data transmission and digital identity management. It explores the potential of blockchain to revolutionize peer-to-peer communication, enabling direct interaction without intermediaries while preserving privacy and security. Moreover, the paper addresses the challenges and limitations associated with integrating blockchain into communication protocols,including scalability concerns, latency issues, and regulatory hurdles. It underscores the need for ongoing research and development to overcome these obstacles and realize the full potential of blockchain technology in communication networks. Finally, the paper concludes by envisioning future trends and advancements in blockchain-enabled communication protocols, such as the integration of artificial intelligence for dynamic routing and optimization, the emergence of interoperable blockchain standards for seamless intefgration across diverse networks, and the proliferation of decentralized autonomous communication systems. In summary, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the integration of blockchain technology into communication protocols, highlighting its transformative potential, challenges,and future prospects. It underscores the importance of continued innovation and collaboration to harness the full benefits of blockchain in shaping the future of communication networks.
Visualize our customized Text to image diffusion model without using any special technology
Authors: Elango Elakkiya , Shanmuganathan Balasubramanian
Published: July 2024

Nowadays considering the advancement of text-to-image frameworks (for example, Stable Diffusion [22]) and associated customizing approaches like DreamBooth [24] and LoRA [13], anybody may express their ideas into images of excellent quality at affordable rates. As a result, picture animations approaches that blend created static images with motion dynamics are in high demand. On this paper, we provide a realistic framework for animating most current personalized text-to-image models for good after everything, therefore saving valuable time on model-specific tweaking. The suggested framework's central idea is to inject a dynamically initialized motion modeling modules into an existing frozen text-to-image model and training it using video clips to extract realistic motion priorities. Once trained, all personalized versions that utilize the same basic T2I quickly transform into text-driven models which generate different and personalized animated visuals by just injecting the aforementioned motion modeling module. We test numerous public indicative personalized text-to-image models on animated images and realistic images, and show how our proposed framework helps these frameworks generate temporally smooth animation clips whereas conserving the domain as well as different perspectives of their outputs. The code and pre-trained weights are going to be made public on our project website.
The Precision of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Assessing the Structural Foundation of Teeth in Individuals with A One-Sided Cleft of The Lip and Palate Within the Iraqi Population
Authors: SH Kadhim Sahar
Published: July 2024

Background: This study aimed to assess the bone structure supporting teeth near the cleft region in individuals with a unilateral cleft lip and palate. The study also aimed to compare these measurements with the corresponding teeth on the non-cleft side using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate had their CBCT scans analyzed. Cleft-adjacent teeth had their alveolar bone support measured and compared to non-cleft-adjacent teeth. The buccal bone plate thickness was measured at 0-, 1-, 2-, and 4-mm depths, as was the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the alveolar crest (AC) on the buccal side.Results: The central incisor's bony support was notably thinner in cleft regions compared to non-cleft areas at apical depths of zero and one millimeter. The CEJ-AC space for central teeth near the cleft was significantly greater than that in non-cleft regions. Similar trends were observed for canine teeth at 0, 1, 2, and 4 millimeters, resembling the results for central teeth at 0 and 1 millimeters. The CEJ-AC space for canine teeth adjacent to the cleft was significantly developed compared to non-cleft regions.Conclusion: Individuals with a unilateral cleft lip and palate exhibited diminished alveolar bone support for teeth near the cleft area compared to controls. This discrepancy could lead to future complications, underscoring the importance of professional dental care to maintain optimal periodontal health in these patients.
Akad Musyarakah As Productive Waqf Aspect To Optimizing Ar-Rahman Mart According To Fatwa DSN-MUI
Authors: Lahuri Setiawan Bin , Arti Dwi Karunia
Published: July 2024

Growing of efficient waqf it's also done by means of participating with third parties, supported by issuance of the DSN-MUI Fatwa number: 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000. So, the study aims to determine how the practice of akad Musyarakah at Ar-Rahman Mart and how the practice of akad musyarakah in perspective of Fatwa DSN-MUI No: 08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 at Ar-Rahman Mart (ARM). This research is qualitative research with the type of case study through method of interview and documentation. The results obtained are the practice of akad musyarakah at Ar-Rahman Mart use musyarkah or Franchise system or KASOEIBI (Sharing Economic Cooperation or Kerjasama Ekonomi Berbagi) for 5 years beginning in 2019, profit sharing is 9:1 for CV Ar-Rahman and Alfamart, cause this cooperation have same goals to increasing society economic and in Ar-Rahman Mart produce waqf wealth to convert Masjid through profit motivation. The franchise system has principle of openness and prudence by sharia principles, but unfortunately, its contract does not fulfill all rules contained in the DSN-MUI Fatwa, this is because both parties have provided capital, but in the management and operation that occurred at Ar-Rahman Mart, the Ar-Rahman Foundation and CV Ar-Rahman did not have the authority to control the business activities in Ar-Rahman Mart every day.
Musealización del patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la humanidad como herramienta en desarrollo local: el Museo de los caballos del vino
Authors: López Jiménez Juan , López García Juan
Published: July 2024

El patrimonio cultural inmaterial es una expresión cultural viva que tiene su razón de ser en la identidad colectiva de las comunidades. Esta cultura no se puede salvaguardar de la misma manera que el patrimonio material. Los museos están asumiendo un nuevo rol de acción para convertirse en un escenario de dinamización en torno a las funciones de guarda acorde al carácter vivo de este patrimonio. El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de exponer los nuevos valores y acciones derivadas de la musealización del festejo de los Caballos del Vino de Caravaca de la Cruz, inscrito en la Lista Representativa del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad para contribuir a la salvaguarda y al desarrollo local sostenible. El método de análisis cualitativo se ha orientado a través de la recopilación de testimonios orales mediante entrevistas a gestores y responsables directos e indirectos del museo, así como de la revisión de la literatura. El resultado muestra la vital participación de la comunidad local en la musealización del festejo, como contribución activa que ha permitido afianzar la salvaguarda y la contribución al desarrollo local. La consecuente gestión del museo ha fomentado lazos de colaboración entre diferentes agentes del territorio para desarrollar proyectos en formación, promoción, innovación, economía creativa y empleo local.
El papel y la contribución de los agentes de empleo y desarrollo local (AEDLs): análisis del caso gallego.
Authors: Del Campo Villares Manuel Octavio , Ferreiro Seoane Francisco Jesús , Miguéns Refojo Vanessa , Jardón Ferreiro Eladio
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la contribución de los agentes de empleo y desarrollo local (AEDLs) gallegos al desarrollo local. Para ello, se identificaron ls funcines que estos realizan. A tales efectos se remitió encuesta a los AEDLs de Galicia, siendo contestada por más de los 2/3 partes de estos (158). Con la información cuantitativa se plantearon seis hipótesis relacionando el trabajo de los AEDLs con sus contribuciones al desarrollo territorial. Para determinar la significación estadistica de las diferencias observadas entre grupos, se llevaron a cabo unos test de comparación de medias a partir de la relación entras la varianzas de cada grupo y se contrastó con un test-F para aceptar o rechazar la hipótesis. Los resultados mostraron que la experiencia del AEDL es significativa en el logro de un desarrollo local, que los AEDLs dedican un tiempo extra a gestionar funciones a mayores de las que les corresponden y además ponen un tiempo extra sobre su jornadas laboral en su tarea lo cual contribuye a aumentar el número de asesoramientos que hacen y el número de empresas creadas en su territorio. Confirmando así el carácter proactivo y la contribución directa del AEDL al aumento de tejido socio-productivo local.
San Narciso, por un desarrollo local con apoyo de las fuentes renovables de energía
Authors: Pérez Gutiérrez Rosabell
Published: July 2024

Soporte fundamental de la economía y recurso transversal al desarrollo, la energía se posiciona como tema prioritario en la agenda política de Cuba. Asumir estos asuntos como cuestión de derechos impone nuevos desafíos a la gestión de gobierno para la toma de decisiones sobre los recursos energéticos en entornos locales. La inestabilidad de los recursos energéticos, el deficitario acceso a servicios y oportunidades, el desigual acceso al empleo, las malas condiciones de los viales y los limitados conocimientos para gestionar sus recursos constituyen problemáticas con marcada expresión en el espacio rural. De ahí que el artículo presentado tenga como propósito: Describir las particularidades de la comunidad San Narciso para potenciar un desarrollo local apoyado en las fuentes renovables de energía. Amparada en el proyecto “Fuentes Renovables de Energía como Apoyo al Desarrollo Local” la investigación se desarrolló en un período aproximado de 2 años. Como caso de estudio se desarrolló desde la perspectiva metodológica mixta y con un carácter participativo. Apostar a una transición energética en vínculo con las agendas políticas de los gobiernos parte de situar a las personas en el centro de los debates y a las comunidades como eje fundamental en la toma de decisiones.
Análisis de la seguridad pública en el territorio de Quintana Roo mediante el software estadístico SPSS
Authors: Cercas López Enrique , Uribe Cortez Jaime , Pasillas López Omar
Published: July 2024

El propósito de esta investigación es compartir la experiencia del análisis estadístico aplicado en el ambiente laboral que prevalece en una institución de seguridad pública en Quintana Roo. El estudio se realizó con una herramienta estadística, el SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), que permite captar el fenómeno a partir de la sistematización de los resultados mediante una encuesta. La implementación de esta técnica cuantitativa permite a los profesores trascender a otros espacios investigativos, multiplicar y replicar con los estudiantes de licenciatura en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los resultados del análisis contribuyen a mejorar el clima laboral en un área neurálgica de la seguridad pública como institución encargada del orden social a partir de acciones que permiten la gestión de los recursos humanos y materiales, y así incrementar la calidad en el servicio de seguridad que recibe la sociedad y que afecta positivamente al territorio y contribuye para el desarrollo.
Association between pulp stones and systemic diseases: A case-control study
Authors: Romano Bruna de Souza , Kublitski Prescila Mota de Oliveira , Juglair Mariana Martins , Brancher João Armando , Baratto-Filho Flares , Michel-Crosato Edgard , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Pulp stones (PS) are calcifications commonly found in the pulp tissue that may be associated with systemic diseases. Objective: To evaluate the association between PS and systemic diseases. Methods: A case-control study with the inclusion of individuals from 18 to 65 years of age, of both sexes. Analysis was made of 1047 digital panoramic radiographs. The controls could not have any teeth with PS; the cases were the contrary. A questionnaire comprising demographic, habit, and general health (diabetes, problems with blood vessels, altered cholesterol level, heart attack, kidney or gallbladder stone, arthritis, or autoimmune disease, and for women, endometriosis, and ovarian cyst). Data were submitted to the Student's t-test to identify differences between groups about sex and age. The Chi-square test was applied to the cross-tabulation. The analyses were performed using SPSS®, version 25.0, with a 5% significance level. Results: 490 patients participated (242 cases and 248 controls). There was no difference between groups for the sex (p=0.966) and age (p=0.186). Only “kidney stone” was associated with the case group (p=0.001), being almost three times higher when compared to the control group. No significant differences were found in females about the presence or absence of PS (p>0.05). Conclusion: In this research, it is suggested the existence of an association between kidney stones and the presence of pulp stones.
Red blood cell transfusions in preterm infants in 2021: a narrative review
Authors: Valete Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho , Ferreira Esther Angélica Luiz
Published: July 2024

Anemia is frequent in preterm infants. Red blood cell transfusion practices vary between different centers. The objective of this study was to review red blood cell transfusion practices in preterm infants between 2020 and 2021. This was a narrative review that included studies published on PubMed (Medline) and Web of Science between October 2020 and October 2021. Ten studies were included finally. Red blood cell transfusion frequency was variable. Some neonatal units did not report transfusion protocols. Most studies reported volumes of 10-15 ml/kg per transfusion. The implementation of an anemia care bundle and adoption of restrictive transfusion resulted in a reduction in the number of transfusions, the volume transfused, and a reduction in the rate of multiple transfusions. We suggest that neonatal units that care for preterm infants should have a transfusion protocol based on the best evidence available and this issue may improve.
Effects of moderate sedation induced by propofol or midazolam on intracranial pressure
Authors: Drewnowski Bianca , Vellosa José Carlos Rebuglio , Acras Rafael Nastas , Santos Fábio André dos
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Propofol and midazolam are the main options for moderate sedation in clinical practice. In addition, these drugs are used to reduce intracranial pressure in cases of intracranial hypertension, and their use in these situations is guided by limited evidence. Objective: To compare the effects of propofol and midazolam on intracranial pressure wave morphology in moderate sedation in patients undergoing upper digestive endoscopy. Methods: Sixty patients were included in this study, being divided into two groups, propofol and midazolam group. Intracranial pressure was monitored during and after upper digestive endoscopy, using non-invasive monitoring equipment developed by the company Brain4care. Arterial pressure was measured before and after the exam. Results: The propofol group had lower intracranial pressure (p=0.037) during moderate sedation compared to intracranial pressure after endoscopy and a significant decrease in systolic (p=0.0001) and diastolic pressure (p=0.001) after sedation. Midazolam, on the other hand, reduced systolic pressure (p=0.001), but didn’t change the other parameters after the procedure. There wasn’t a significant difference between the propofol and midazolam groups. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the groups studied, however, analyses within the propofol and midazolam groups indicate that propofol, but not midazolam, causes changes in intracranial pressure in moderate sedation.
Public awareness towards antibiotics use, misuse and resistance in Saudi community: A cross-sectional population survey
Authors: Bdair Izzeddin A. , Bdair Ola A. , Maribbay Gladys M. L. , Elzehiri Donia , Hassan Eman S. , Tolentino Amor D. , Emara Mahmoud Metwally , Ali Ehab Kamal , Abdelmeged Reda M. , Fadul Mayada O.
Published: July 2024

Antibiotics (ABs) resistance is a worldwide health issue. However, there is a lack of awareness toward the proper use of ABs. This study was designed to assess the awareness of antibiotic usage and antibiotic resistance (ABR) among the public. A population-based survey was executed from September to November 2023. A validated questionnaire was administered to 600 participants. Data were analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Multivariate regression was administered to identify associated factors with awareness. The results revealed a high prevalence of ABs consumption. The public knowledge of ABs was suboptimal where (50.2%) of the participants had sufficient knowledge. Moreover, it is worth highlighting that respondents hold a generally positive attitude (72.3%) and satisfactory practice (69.7%). Participants who are older, male, educated, married, and employed typically have significantly higher mean scores in knowledge, attitude, and practice. Public awareness about proper antibiotic usage and ABR is a vital public health concern. Considering the current study’s findings, ongoing educational activities should emphasize the importance of improving the public’s judicious use of ABs, which may help curb the spread of ABR. Educational campaigns to improve health literacy regarding dispensing, purchasing, prescribing, and using ABs are recommended particularly for the target groups.