bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Herschel-ATLAS Data Release 2. Paper II. Catalogs of Far-infrared and Submillimeter Sources in the Fields at the South and North Galactic Poles
Authors: Maddox S. J. , Valiante E. , Cigan P. , Dunne L. , Eales S. , Smith M. W. L. , Dye S. , Furlanetto C. , Ibar E. , Zotti G. de , Millard J. S. , Bourne N. , Gomez H. L. , Ivison R. J. , Scott D. , Valtchanov I.
Published: May 2018

The Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) is a survey of 660 deg2 with the PACS and SPIRE cameras in five photometric bands: 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500 μm. This is the second of three papers describing the data release for the large fields at the south and north Galactic poles (NGP and SGP). In this paper we describe the catalogs of far-infrared and submillimeter sources for the NGP and SGP, which cover 177.1 deg2 and 303.4 deg2, respectively. The catalogs contain 118,908 sources for the NGP field and 193,527 sources for the SGP field detected at more than 4σ significance in any of the 250, 350, or 500 μm bands. The source detection is based on the 250 μm map, and we present photometry in all five bands for each source, including aperture photometry for sources known to be extended. The rms positional accuracy for the faintest sources is about 2.4 arcsec in both R.A. and decl. We present a statistical analysis of the catalogs and discuss the practical issues—completeness, reliability, flux boosting, accuracy of positions, accuracy of flux measurements—necessary to use the catalogs for astronomical projects.
Current Velocity Data on Dwarf Galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 do not Constrain it to Lack Dark Matter
Authors: Martin Nicolas F. , Collins Michelle L. M. , Longeard Nicolas , Tollerud Erik
Published: May 2018

It was recently proposed that the globular cluster system of the very low surface brightness galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 is dynamically very cold, leading to the conclusion that this dwarf galaxy has little or no dark matter. Here, we show that a robust statistical measure of the velocity dispersion of the tracer globular clusters implies a mundane velocity dispersion and a poorly constrained mass-to-light ratio. Models that include the possibility that some of the tracers are field contaminants do not yield a more constraining inference. We derive only a weak constraint on the mass-to-light ratio of the system within the half-light radius (

at the 90% confidence level) or within the radius of the furthest tracer (

at the 90% confidence level). This limit may imply a mass-to-light ratio on the low end for a dwarf galaxy, but many Local Group dwarf galaxies fall well within this contraint. With this study, we emphasize the need to reliably account for measurement uncertainties and to stay as close as possible to the data when determining dynamical masses from very small data sets of tracers.
BioCollect - A modern cloud application for standards-base field data recording
Authors: Brenton Peter
Published: May 2018

Many organisations running citizen science projects don’t have access to or the knowledge or means to develop databases and apps for their projects. Some are also concerned about long-term data management and also how to make the data that they collect accessible and impactful in terms of scientific research, policy and management outcomes. To solve these issues, the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) has developed BioCollect. BioCollect is a sophisticated, yet simple to use tool which has been built in collaboration with hundreds of real users who are actively involved in field data capture. It has been developed to support the needs of scientists, ecologists, citizen scientists and natural resource managers in the field-collection and management of biodiversity, ecological and natural resource management (NRM) data. BioCollect is a cloud-based facility hosted by the ALA and also includes associated mobile apps for offline data collection in the field. BioCollect provides form-based structured data collection for:

Ad-hoc survey-based records;

Method-based systematic structured surveys; and

Activity-based projects such as natural resource management intervention projects (eg. revegetation, site restoration, seed collection, weed and pest management, etc.).

This session will cover how BioCollect is being used for citizen science in Australia and some of the features of the tool.
The Online Pollen Catalogs Network (RCPol)
Authors: Veiga Allan , Saraiva Antonio , da Silva Cláudia
Published: May 2018

Aiming at promoting interaction among researchers and the integration of data from their pollen collections, herbaria and bee collections, RCPol was created in 2013. In order to structure RCPol work, researchers and collaborators have organized information on Palynology and trophic interactions between bees and plants. During the project development, different computing tools were developed and provided on RCPol website (http://rcpol.org.br), including: interactive keys with multiple inputs for species identification (http://chaves.rcpol.org.br); a glossary of palinology related terms (http://chaves.rcpol.org.br/profile/glossary/eco); a plant-bee interactions database (http://chaves.rcpol.org.br/interactions); and a data quality tool (http://chaves.rcpol.org.br/admin/data-quality). Those tools were developed in partnership with researchers and collaborators from Escola Politécnica (USP) and other Brazilian and foreign institutions that act on palynology, floral biology, pollination, plant taxonomy, ecology, and trophic interactions. The interactive keys are organized in four branches: palynoecology, paleopalynology, palynotaxonomy and spores. These information are collaboratively digitized and managed using standardized Google Spreadsheets. All the information are assessed by a data quality assurance tool (based on the conceptual framework of TDWG Biodiversity Data Quality Interest Group Veiga et al. 2017) and curated by palynology experts. In total, it has published 1,774 specimens records, 1,488 species records (automatically generated by merging specimens records with the same scientific name), 656 interactions records, 370 glossary terms records and 15 institutions records, all of them translated from the original language (usually Portuguese or English) to Portuguese, English and Spanish. During the projectʼs first three years, 106 partners, among researchers and collaborators from 28 institutions from Brazil and abroad, actively participated on the project. An important part of the project's activities involved training researchers and students on palynology, data digitization and on the use of the system. Until now six training courses have reached 192 people.
Comparison of species information TDWG standards from the point of view of the Plinian Core specification
Authors: Pando Francisco
Published: May 2018

Species level information, as an important component of the biodiversity information landscape, is an area where some TDWG standards and activities, coincide. Plinian Core (Plinian Core Task Group 2018) is a generalistic specification that covers aspects such species descriptions and nomenclature, as well as many others (legal, conservation, management, etc.). While the Plinian Core non-biological terms have no counterpart in the TDWG developments, some of its biological ones have, and that is the focus of this work. First, it must be noticed that Plinian Core relies on some TDWG standards for specific facets of species information:

Standard: Darwin Core (Darwin Core maintenance group, Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) 2014)

Elements: taxonConceptID, Hierarchy, MeasurementOrFact, ResourceRelationShip.

Standard:Ecological Metadata Language (EML project members 2011)

Elements: associatedParty, keywordSet, coverage, dataset

Standard:Encyclopedia of Life Schema (EOL Team 2012)

Elements: AncillaryData: DataObjectBase

Standard:Global Invasive Species Network (GISIN 2008)

Elements: origin, presence, persistence, distribution, harmful, modified, startValidDate, endValidDate, countryCode, stateProvince, county, localityName, county, language, citation, abundance...

Standard:Taxon Concept Schema. TCS (Taxonomic Names and Concepts interest group 2006)

Elements: scientificName

Given the direct dependency of Plinian Core for these terms, they do not pose any compatibility or interoperability problem. However, biological descriptions --especially structured ones-- are the object of DELTA (Dallwitz 2006) and the Structured Descriptive Data (SDD) (Hagedorn et al. 2005), and also covered by Plinian Core. This convergence presents overlaps, mismatches and nuances, which discussion is the core of this work.

Using some species descriptions as a test case, and transforming them between these standards (Plinian Core, DELTA, and SDD), the strengths and compatibility issues of these specifications are evaluated and discussed.

Some operational aspects of Plinian Core in relation to GBIF's IPT (GBIF Secretariat 2016) and the INSPIRE directive (European Commission 2007) are also reviewed.
Three new species of Thelepus Leuckart, 1849 from Europe and a re-description of T. cincinnatus (Fabricius, 1780) (Annelida, Terebellidae)
Authors: Jirkov Igor
Published: May 2018

The review of a large amount of material previously identified as the terebellid annelid,Thelepuscincinnatus(Fabricius, 1780) shows that, within European waters from the Mediterranean to the North Pole, this species should be split into four species, three of which (T.davehallisp. n.,T.marthaesp. n., andT.paraparisp. n.) are newly described here andT.cincinnatuss. str. is re-described. These four species each show distinct distribution ranges.Thelepuscincinnatushas notopodia on almost all segments and numerous eyespots; it inhabits the high boreal and arctic shelf and the North Atlantic slope, and probably also occurs on the North Pacific shelf and slope.Thelepusmarthaesp. n.has no eyespots and inhabits deep waters of the high Arctic.Thelepusdavehallisp. n.has no eyespots and has notopodia on 1/2 to 2/3 of the anterior of the body; it inhabits boreal shelf waters (from Iceland to the Mediterranean) below the tidal front.Thelepusparaparisp. n.differs from the previous three species in that the uncini of the first uncinigerous segment has two teeth above the main fang; it inhabits shallow, coastal waters of the Mediterranean, inshore from the tidal front.
A DNA barcode library for ground beetles of Germany: the genus Amara Bonelli, 1810 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Raupach Michael J. , Hannig Karsten , Morinière Jérôme , Hendrich Lars
Published: May 2018

The genusAmaraBonelli, 1810 is a very speciose and taxonomically difficult genus of the Carabidae. The identification of many of the species is accomplished with considerable difficulty, in particular for females and immature stages. In this study the effectiveness of DNA barcoding, the most popular method for molecular species identification, was examined to discriminate various species of this genus from Central Europe. DNA barcodes from 690 individuals and 47 species were analysed, including sequences from previous studies and more than 350 newly generated DNA barcodes. Our analysis revealed unique BINs for 38 species (81%). Interspecific K2P distances below 2.2% were found for three species pairs and one species trio, including haplotype sharing betweenAmaraalpina/AmaratorridaandAmaracommunis/Amaraconvexior/Amaramakolskii. This study represents another step in generating an extensive reference library of DNA barcodes for carabids, highly valuable bioindicators for characterizing disturbances in various habitats.
Mystique et scepticisme
Authors: Cossutta Frédéric
Published: May 2018

Rapprocher mystique et scepticisme paraît incongru tant leurs démarches semblent aux antipodes. L’une repose sur une expérience extatique d’union entre l’humain et le divin, l’autre se nourrit d’un doute généralisé sur la vérité et l’être. Pourtant la voie mystique incorpore des figures du doute qui présentent des analogies frappantes avec celles des sceptiques. Le scepticisme inversement, au-delà de la suspension du jugement qui neutralise les opinions, les croyances et les raisons, ne conteste pas le règne universel de l’apparence. L’apparaître des apparences procure au sage qui les contemple une quiétude heureuse d’ordre extatique. Au-delà des voies mystique et sceptique, ne pourrait-on explorer la diversité des formes d’expérience extatique et fonder ainsi une logique générale de l’extase ?
Le « mystique », un moment expérimental structuré par le langage spéculatif
Authors: Meessen Yves
Published: May 2018

Alors que l’opinion courante l’associe spontanément à l’irrationnel, le « mystique » est présenté ici comme appartenant à une rationalité élargie . Irrécupérable par le langage spéculatif, il est précisément ce qui le conditionne à titre d’une opération intuitive. Le cas de Maître Eckhart (XIII e -XIV e  s.) permet de rendre compte d’une métaphysique rebelle à la modalité représentative. Le rapport entre la cause et l’effet ne peut être considéré ailleurs que dans une participation effective et affective. Cette donation originaire hors langage est le moment mystique qui assure la véracité des propositions sémantiques. Celles-ci fonctionnent comme un cadre formel en attente de remplissement. L’abstrait est attesté sur base de l’expérience concrète qui lui est inséparable. Il y va d’une scientificité de la théologie comme cadre spéculatif d’une éthique.
Ce qui demeure et ce qui change dans les métiers de l’éducation spéciale
Authors: Rouzel Joseph
Published: May 2018

Qu’est-ce qui a changé et qu’est-ce qui ne change pas dans les pratiques éducatives ? Qu’est-ce qui, du fait du contexte social, de l’histoire et des temps troublés que nous vivons, a changé dans cette pratique qui s’est construite dans les marges de l’exclusion et quels en sont malgré tout les invariants qui perdurent ? Malgré un contexte socio-économique qui affecte profondément le lien social, les fondamentaux auxquels se réfèrent les éducateurs demeurent : une clinique de l’accompagnement au cas par cas, un travail référé au collectif, des prises de risque inventives… Pour le dire à la façon de Fernand Deligny : on fabrique de l’humain.
Le lien, ou comment être avec l’autre sans se perdre…
Authors: Guillaume Yannick
Published: May 2018

Selon Herbert Freudenberger, psychanalyste américain : « L’épuisement professionnel est un état causé par l’utilisation excessive de son énergie et de ses ressources, qui provoque un sentiment d’échec, puis d’épuisement pouvant conduire à l’exténuation » (1974). En d’autres termes, on pourrait dire que cet épuisement est défini comme une inhabilité à réagir aux contraintes extérieures. Il peut être considéré comme le résultat d’une divergence entre les situations extérieures aux personnes et la capacité à y réagir. Au bout d’une longue période d’accompagnement auprès de personnes fragilisées, l’usure nous guette. Elle nous guette dans les actes du quotidien, nous accapare beaucoup et provoque l’épuisement relationnel. Cette dépense d’énergie affecte la motivation, les attitudes et le comportement. Quand « l’usure » devient un mode de vie, celui-ci prend l’apparence de la routine, ce qui « anesthésie » la personne et l’amène à ne plus se rendre compte de sa situation dans la relation éducative. Comment faire, comment « prendre soin » de notre psychisme, de ces affects qui nous pénètrent ? Créer des espaces de parole pour permettre aux professionnels d’y voir plus clair dans le quotidien, de s’interroger sur leur observation, semble être une des pistes. Autrement dit, se rappeler cette célèbre expression de Francois Tosquelles : « Et toi qu’est-ce que tu fous là ? ».
Intervenants sociaux et radicalisation
Authors: Limam Wajdi
Published: May 2018

Les travailleurs sociaux de « première ligne » sont assignés à lutter contre la radicalisation. Mais cette assignation, construite sur des représentations idéologiques, implicites, du processus de radicalité islamique, entre en contradiction avec leurs propres expériences de vie et leurs expériences de terrain. Placés en position subalterne, la compétence d’analyse et de construction d’actions ne leur est pas reconnue, alors que la construction collective de savoirs professionnels articulés à la recherche pourrait permettre de penser autrement cette dynamique, donc d’agir autrement sur son développement.
Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate: What Has Been Learned Since the Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial
Authors: DiNubile Nicholas
Published: May 2018

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, alone or in combination, are used worldwide by individuals suffering from osteoarthritis pain. They are by prescription in some countries but are available as over-the-counter dietary supplements in other countries, such as the United States. The inconclusive results of the National Institutes of Health–sponsored Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) did little to clarify the efficacy of these agents. However, some newer studies have provided a better perspective on the potential benefits that they can offer. Because the 2 in combination showed a significant level of efficacy in the moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis subgroup of the GAIT, this review examines the randomized, controlled trials published from that time to the present. The findings of these studies are mixed, owing in some cases to the high rate of placebo response added to by the ethical incorporation of rescue analgesics into protocols designed to evaluate the slow-acting, subtle effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in combination. The strong influence of the placebo effect and confounding of results by rescue analgesics point to the importance of objective measurement tools such as osteoarthritis biomarker panels in long-term glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate clinical trials with less reliance on the subjective measurement tools commonly used in osteoarthritis trials of pharmaceuticals. [
Orthopedics
. 2018; 41(4):200–207.]
Foveal Avascular Zone Area Analysis in Macular Hole Before and After Surgery Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Hamzah Ferdiriva , Shinojima Ari , Nakashizuka Hiroyuki , Kawamorita Akiyo , Shimada Hiroyuki
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To analyze the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in superficial and deep retinal layers in patients with macular hole (MH) before and after surgery.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The authors studied 14 patients with unilateral MH. They examined a 3 mm × 3 mm area at the fovea before and 6 months after surgery using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography.

RESULTS:

In eyes affected by MH, the mean preoperative superficial FAZ (0.45 ± 0.09 mm
2
) and deep FAZ (0.79 ± 0.39 mm
2
) were significantly larger than the postoperative superficial FAZ (0.25 ± 0.09 mm
2
) and deep FAZ (0.31 ± 0.12 mm
2
), respectively (
P
< .001). The mean preoperative superficial FAZ of the affected eyes was the same as that of control eyes (0.41 ± 0.10 mm
2
) (
P
= .23), but postoperative superficial FAZ was smaller than that of control eyes (
P
< .001). The mean preoperative deep FAZ was larger (0.48 ± 0.11 mm
2
) (
P
= .019), but mean postoperative deep FAZ was smaller than that of control eyes (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The authors revealed preoperative deep FAZ areas were more enlarged centrifugally than preoperative superficial FAZ in MH. Both postoperative superficial and deep FAZ showed more centripetal contraction than those of the preoperative period.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:329–335.]
Tartary, but not common, buckwheat inhibits α-glucosidase activity: its nutritional implications
Authors: Ikeda Kiyokazu , Ishida Yui , Ikeda Sayoko , Asami Yuya , Lin Rufa
Published: May 2018

This study shows the presence of α-glucosidase inhibitor in Tartary buckwheat. The present study shows that standard Tartary buckwheat flour exhibited a high level of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, whereas newly-developed Manten-kirari var., which exhibited a very low level of rutin-degrading enzyme, exhibited no α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. On the other, no α-glucosidase inhibitory activitywas found in common buckwheat flour. Nutritional implications of these findings in view of diabetes mellitus prevention were discussed.
A Business Model Framework for Crowd-Driven IoT Ecosystems
Authors: Ziouvelou Xenia , McGroarty Frank
Published: May 2018

This article describes how the era of hyper-connectivity is characterized by distributed, crowd-centric ecosystems that utilise cutting edge technology so as to harness the collective power, co-creation ability and intelligence of the crowd utilising under open participatory value creation models. The Internet of Things (IoT) has fueled the emergence of such ecosystems that leverage not only the power of physical things connected to the Internet but also the wisdom of the crowd to observe, measure, and make sense of phenomena via user-owned mobile and wearable devices. Existing business modelling literature has to date, placed no research attention on business models for such emerging ecosystems. This article aims to fill this gap by examining the dynamics of crowd-driven IoT ecosystems and introducing a business model framework for such environments, encompassing all relevant value-creating actors, activities and processes, facilitating this way a holistic ecosystem business model analysis.
Revista de Pedagogia e sua concepção de ensino para a educação paranaense (1957 a 1966)
Authors: Silva Rossano
Published: May 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar as concepções veiculadas na Revista de Pedagogia (1957 a1966), no tocante às definições sobre os objetivos e estratégias de intervenção nas escolas isoladas, localizadas no Estado do Paraná. A Revista de Pedagogia teve à sua frente o intelectual e educador Erasmo Pilotto (1910-1992), considerado pela história da educação um dos principais articuladores da Escola Nova no Paraná. A revista em questão foi publicada pela Associação de Estudos Pedagógicos (1956-1970), instituição que teve como principal objetivo a formação de professores primários, buscando discutir planos, propostas e metodologias de ensino, especialmente pensadas para as escolas isoladas, divulgadas principalmente pela Revista de Pedagogia. O aporte teórico desta investigação baseia-se nas considerações de Bourdieu sobre o conceito de intelectual e de sua teoria praxiológica, a fim de analisar a contribuição de Pilotto para o campo educacional. Constituem-se como principais fontes deste trabalho a revista em questão, que contou com cinco volumes e 22 edições, ao lado das obras de Pilotto e Dottrens. Nas fontes citadas, foram analisadas as concepções de Pilotto e como esse se apropriou das contribuições sobre individualização do ensino, presentes na obra de Dottrens.
Biopolíticas de currículo: notas de uma pesquisa-formação na cibercultura
Authors: Amaral Mirian Maia do , Santos Edméa
Published: May 2018

Este artigo objetiva discutir as contribuições de Michel Foucault à Educação e o papel da biopolítica e suas inter-relações com o currículo nos cotidianos escolares. Apresentamos os aportes teórico-práticos de uma pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, realizada no contexto do curso de Graduação em Educação da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2013-14, cuja característica fundamental consistiu em formar o Outro e nos formarmos no processo. Buscamos integrar pesquisa e docência na Educação Superior, mediante a criação de atos de currículo, apoiados em dispositivos materiais e intelectuais diversos, de onde emergiram processos e produtos de pesquisa que se constituíram efetivas ações de biopolíticas de currículo. Desse modo, identificamos um conjunto de indicadores agrupados nas dimensões integrativa, formativa e tecnológica, que propiciaram o desenvolvimento da autonomia e a emersão de autorias docentes e discentes, em diferentes linguagens e formatos, materializadas em narrativas textuais e imagéticas, em redes educativas e disponibilizadas no formato de REA - Recursos Educacionais Abertos.
Squared Chromatic Number Without Claws or Large Cliques
Authors: Cames van Batenburg Wouter , Kang Ross J.
Published: May 2018

Let $G$ be a claw-free graph on $n$ vertices with clique number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$, and consider the chromatic number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})$ of the square $G^{2}$ of $G$. Writing $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{s}^{\prime }(d)$ for the supremum of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(L^{2})$ over the line graphs $L$ of simple graphs of maximum degree at most $d$, we prove that $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{s}^{\prime }(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}\in \{3,4\}$. For $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=3$, this implies the sharp bound $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant 10$. For $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}=4$, this implies $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(G^{2})\leqslant 22$, which is within 2 of the conjectured best bound. This work is motivated by a strengthened form of a conjecture of Erdős and Nešetřil.
Occupational Therapy Interventions to Improve Activities of Daily Living for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju , Chang Wen-Pin , Chang Megan C.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the effects of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) in community-dwelling older adults.

METHOD. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and OTseeker. Empirical studies published between 1995 and 2015 were individually screened and appraised by two reviewers.

RESULTS. Forty-three studies met the review inclusion and exclusion criteria. Physical exercise was the most common intervention approach. Physical exercise interventions for frail older adults showed a moderate benefit, but no benefits were found for older adults without noticeable difficulty in ADLs. For older adults with difficulty in ADLs, there was a high benefit of using home-based intervention.

CONCLUSION. The findings of this systematic review highlight the importance of addressing older adults’ living environment in intervention to promote independence in ADLs.
Functional Ability in the Changing Demographic Landscape: Evidence and Opportunities for Occupational Therapy
Authors: Liu Chiung-ju (CJ)
Published: May 2018

The growing number of older adults is changing the demographic landscape. Occupational therapy can better serve the older adult population by helping them maintain their functional ability, which is the ability to engage in occupations. This special issue includes both studies of interventions to evaluate and support functional ability in community-dwelling older adults and systematic reviews of such studies. This editorial highlights the six systematic reviews, which were completed in collaboration with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Project. These reviews compile evidence for the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to promote occupational performance in community-dwelling older adults. The distinct value of occupational therapy in supporting the functional ability of community-dwelling older adults with stable or declining health is discussed using the World Health Organization’s framework for healthy aging.
Het effect van opleiding en training op de duurzame inzetbaarheid van medewerkers: Een longitudinale studie op grond van objectieve data
Authors: van Vuuren Tinka , Stoffers Jol , Lancée Vera
Published: May 2018

The world around us is constantly changing. Technological developments, ageing in society and the fewer young workers in the labour market have an impact on the working population and, therefore, also on the employees of the large administrative service provider that is central to this
study. The study focuses on the effect of education and training on the sustainable employability of employees of this organisation. It also addresses the question of whether their age and degree of autonomy have had an influence on their enrolment in these courses. Objective data that had
already been collected for other purposes in the HR administration system were used for the investigation. The study shows that non-formal education and training have a positive effect on vitality, work ability and employability. Formal education and training does not have such effects. The
employee?s age and degree of autonomy correlate with their enrolment in courses and their sustainable employability. By generating information based on existing data, so the study reveals, HR professionals are better able to create added value and make the performance and agility of employees
more transparent. De wereld om ons heen is constant in verandering. Technologische ontwikkelingen, vergrijzing en ontgroening van de arbeidsmarkt hebben hun weerslag op de beroepsbevolking en dus ook op de medewerkers van de grote administratieve dienstverlener die in dit onderzoek
centraal staan. Het onderzoek richt zich op het effect van opleidingen en trainingen op de duurzame inzetbaarheid van medewerkers van bij deze werkgever. Ook gaat het in op de vraag of leeftijd en de mate van autonomie van invloed zijn geweest op het volgen van die opleidingen en trainingen.
Voor het onderzoek zijn objectieve data gebruikt die reeds voor andere doeleinden waren verzameld in het HR-administratiesysteem. Uit het onderzoek komt naar voren dat niet-reguliere opleidingen en trainingen een positief effect hebben op de vitaliteit, het werkvermogen en employability. Reguliere
opleidingen en trainingen hebben dat effect niet. De leeftijd van de medewerker en de mate van autonomie hangen samen met het volgen van opleidingen en trainingen en de duurzame inzetbaarheid. Het onderzoek laat zien dat HR-professionals door het genereren van informatie op grond van bestaande
data beter in staat zijn toegevoegde waarde te creëren en de prestaties en wendbaarheid van medewerkers inzichtelijk te maken.
Impacts of physical parametrization on prediction of ethane concentrations for oil and gas emissions
Authors: Abdi-Oskouei Maryam , Pfister Gabriele , Flocke Frank , Sobhani Negin , Saide Pablo , Fried Alan , Richter Dirk , Weibring Petter , Walega James , Carmichael Gregory
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Recent increases in the Natural Gas (NG) production through hydraulic fracturing have called into question the climate benefit of switching from coal-fired to natural gas-fired power plants. Higher than expected levels of methane, Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC), and NOx have been observed in areas close to oil and NG operation facilities. Large uncertainties in the oil and NG operation emission inventories reduce the confidence level in the impact assessment of such activities on regional air quality and climate, as well as development of effective mitigation policies. In this work, we used ethane as the indicator of oil and NG emissions and explored the sensitivity of ethane to different physical parametrizations and simulation set-ups in the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model using the U.S. EPA National Emission Inventory (NEI-2011). We evaluated the impact of the following configurations and parameterizations on predicted ethane concentrations: Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) parametrizations, daily re-initialization of meteorological variables, meteorological initial and boundary conditions, and horizontal resolution. We assessed the uncertainties around oil and NG emissions by using measurements from the FRAPPÉ and DISCOVER-AQ campaigns over the Northern Front Range Metropolitan Area (NFRMA) in summer 2014. The sensitivity analysis shows up to 57.3 % variability in normalized mean bias of the near-surface modeled ethane across the simulations, which highlights the important role of model configurations on the model performance and ultimately the assessment of emissions. Comparison between airborne measurements and the sensitivity simulations indicates that the model-measurement bias of ethane ranged from −14.9 ppb to −8.2 ppb (NMB ranged from −80.5 % to −44 %) in regions close to oil and NG activities. Under-prediction of ethane concentration in all sensitivity runs suggests an actual under-estimation of the oil and NG emissions in the NEI-2011. Increase of oil and NG emissions in the simulations partially improved the model performance in capturing ethane and lumped alkanes (HC3) concentrations but did not impact the model performance in capturing benzene, toluene, and xylene which is due to very low emission rates of these species from oil and NG sector in the NEI-2011.
Characterizing the diurnal cycle of South Atlantic
stratocumulus cloud properties from satellite retrievals
Authors: Seethala Chellappan , Meirink Jan Fokke , Horváth Ákos , Bennartz Ralf , Roebeling Rob
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Marine stratocumulus (Sc) clouds play an essential role in the earth radiation budget. Here, we compare liquid water path (LWP), optical thickness (COT), and effective radius (CER) retrievals from two years of collocated Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI), MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager (TMI) observations, estimate the effect of biomass burning smoke on passive imager retrievals, as well as evaluate the diurnal cycle of South Atlantic marine Sc clouds. The effect of absorbing aerosols from biomass burning on the retrievals was investigated using aerosol index (AI) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). SEVIRI and MODIS LWPs were found to decrease with increasing AI relative to TMI LWP, consistent with well-known negative visible/near-infrared retrieval biases in COT and CER. In the aerosol-affected months of July–August–September, SEVIRI LWP – based on the 1.6-µm CER – was biased low by 14 g m−2 (~ 16 %) compared to TMI in overcast scenes, while MODIS LWP showed a smaller low bias of 4 g m−2 (~ 5 %) for the 1.6-µm channel and a high bias of 8 g m−2 (~ 10 %) for the 3.7-µm channel compared to TMI. Neglecting aerosol-affected pixels reduced the mean SEVIRI-TMI LWP bias considerably. On a two-year data base, SEVIRI LWP had a correlation with TMI and MODIS LWP of about 0.86 and 0.94, respectively, and biases of only 4–8 g m−2 (5–10 %) for overcast cases. The SEVIRI LWP diurnal cycle was in good overall agreement with TMI except in the aerosol-affected months. Both TMI and SEVIRI LWP decreased from morning to late afternoon, after which a slight increase was observed. Terra and Aqua MODIS mean LWPs also suggested a similar diurnal variation. The relative amplitude of the two-year mean and seasonal mean LWP diurnal cycle varied between 35–40 % from morning to late afternoon for overcast cases. The diurnal variation in SEVIRI LWP was mainly due to changes in COT, while CER showed only little diurnal variability.
Improving Collisional Growth in Lagrangian Cloud Models:
Development and Verification of a New Splitting Algorithm
Authors: Schwenkel Johannes , Hoffmann Fabian , Raasch Siegfried
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Lagrangian cloud models (LCMs) are used increasingly in the cloud physics community. They not only enable a very detailed representation of cloud microphysics but also lack numerical errors typical for most other models. However, insufficient statistics, caused by an inadequate number of Lagrangian particles to represent cloud microphysical processes, can limit the applicability and validity of this approach. This study presents the first use of a splitting and merging algorithm designed to improve the warm cloud precipitation process by deliberately increasing or decreasing the number of Lagrangian particles under appropriate conditions. This new approach and the details of how splitting is executed are evaluated in box and single-cloud simulations, as well as a shallow cumulus test case. The results indicate that splitting is essential for a proper representation of the precipitation process. Moreover, the details of the splitting method (i.e., identifying the appropriate conditions) become insignificant for larger model domains as long as a sufficiently large number of Lagrangian particles is produced by the algorithm. The accompanying merging algorithm is essential to constrict the number of Lagrangian particles in order to maintain the computational performance of the model. Overall, splitting and merging did not affect the life cycle and domain-averaged macroscopic properties of the simulated clouds. This new approach is a useful addition to all LCMs since it is able to significantly increase the number of Lagrangian particles in appropriate regions of the clouds, while maintaining a computationally feasible total number of Lagrangian particles in the entire model domain.
Dendrohydrology and water resources management in south-central Chile: lessons from the Río Imperial streamflow reconstruction
Authors: Fernández Alfonso , Muñoz Ariel , González-Reyes Álvaro , Aguilera-Betti Isabella , Toledo Isadora , Puchi Paulina , Sauchyn David , Crespo Sebastián , Frene Cristian , Mundo Ignacio , González Mauro , Vignola Raffaele
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Streamflow in south-central Chile (SCC, ∼ 37–42∘ S) is vital
for agriculture, forestry production, hydroelectricity, and human
consumption. Recent drought episodes have generated hydrological deficits
with damaging effects on these activities. This region is projected to
undergo major reductions in water availability, concomitant with projected
increases in water demand. However, the lack of long-term records hampers the
development of accurate estimations of natural variability and trends. In
order to provide more information on long-term streamflow variability and
trends in SCC, here we report findings of an analysis of instrumental records
and a tree-ring reconstruction of the summer streamflow of the Río Imperial
(∼ 37∘ 40′ S–38∘ 50′ S). This is the first
reconstruction in Chile targeted at this season. Results from the
instrumental streamflow record (∼ 1940 onwards) indicated that the
hydrological regime is fundamentally pluvial with a small snowmelt
contribution during spring, and evidenced a decreasing trend, both for the
summer and the full annual record. The reconstruction showed that streamflow
below the average characterized the post-1980 period, with more frequent, but
not more intense, drought episodes. We additionally found that the recent
positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode has significantly influenced
streamflow. These findings agree with previous studies, suggesting a robust
regional signal and a shift to a new hydrological scenario. In this paper, we
also discuss implications of these results for water managers and
stakeholders; we provide rationale and examples that support the need for the
incorporation of tree-ring reconstructions into water resources management.
Impact of capillary rise and recirculation on simulated crop yields
Authors: Kroes Joop , Supit Iwan , van Dam Jos , van Walsum Paul , Mulder Martin
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Upward soil water flow is a vital supply of water to crops. The purpose of this study is to determine if upward flow and recirculated percolation water can be quantified separately, and to determine the contribution of capillary rise and recirculated water to crop yield and groundwater recharge. Therefore, we performed impact analyses of various soil water flow regimes on grass, maize and potato yields in the Dutch delta. Flow regimes are characterized by soil composition and groundwater depth and derived from a national soil database. The intermittent occurrence of upward flow and its influence on crop growth are simulated with the combined SWAP-WOFOST model using various boundary conditions. Case studies and model experiments are used to illustrate the impact of upward flow on yield and crop growth. This impact is clearly present in situations with relatively shallow groundwater levels (85 % of the Netherlands), where capillary rise is a well-known source of upward flow; but also in free-draining situations the impact of upward flow is considerable. In the latter case recirculated percolation water is the flow source. To make this impact explicit we implemented a synthetic modelling option that stops upward flow from reaching the root zone, without inhibiting percolation. Such a hypothetically moisture-stressed situation compared to a natural one in the presence of shallow groundwater shows mean yield reductions for grassland, maize and potatoes of respectively 26, 3 and 14 % or respectively about 3.7, 0.3 and 1.5 t dry matter per hectare. About half of the withheld water behind these yield effects comes from recirculated percolation water as occurs in free-drainage conditions and the other half comes from increased upward capillary rise. Soil water and crop growth modelling should consider both capillary rise from groundwater and recirculation of percolation water as this improves the accuracy of yield simulations. This also improves the accuracy of the simulated groundwater recharge: neglecting these processes causes overestimates of 17 % for grassland and 46 % for potatoes, or 63 and 34 mm yr−1, respectively.
ŠEIMOS GYDYTOJO PACIENTŲ, VARTOJANČIŲ BENZODIAZEPINUS, PRIKLAUSOMYBĖS IŠSIVYSTYMO TENDENCIJOS
Authors: Aranauskas Ramūnas , Vaičiulienė Laura
Published: May 2018

Benzodiazepinai (BZD) yra viena iš daugiausiai skiriamų vaistų grupių tiek psichiatrinėje, tiek bendrojoje praktikoje. Nors rekomenduojama juos vartoti ne ilgiau kaip 4 savaites, dauguma pacientų juos vartoja žymiai ilgiau, kas padidina nepageidaujamų poveikių bei priklausomybės nuo BZD vystymosi riziką. Šio darbo tikslas: nustatyti priklausomybės nuo BZD išsivystymo tendencijas tarp juos vartojančių šeimos gydytojo pacientų. Šiam tyrimui specialiai paruošta anoniminė anketa. Siekiant nustatyti galimą priklausomybę nuo BZD, buvo pateikti 7 klausimai, sudaryti remiantis DSM–IV priklausomybės diagnostiniais kriterijais. Priklausomybę galima įtarti, jei į tris ir daugiau klausimų atsakoma teigiamai. Atlikta šeimos gydytojo pacientų, 18 m. ir vyresnių, vartojančių benzodiazepinų klasės preparatus, apklausa. Duomenų analizei naudotas SPSS 17.0 programinis paketas. Iš viso išdalinta 119 anketų, duomenų analizei naudota 101. Leidimas atlikti apklausą gautas. Rezultatai: tarp tiriamųjų vyravo moteriškos lyties, vyresnio amžiaus, vieniši (nesusituokę/išsiskyrę/našliai), gaunantys mažas pajamas, žemesnio išsilavinimo asmenys. Dažniausiai nurodyta vartojimo priežastis nemiga, vidutinė vartojimo trukmė – 86 mėnesiai, beveik pusė apklaustųjų nurodė geriantys vaistus kasdien. Nustatytas tikėtinos priklausomybės nuo BZD dažnis tiriamųjų populiacijoje – 37,6%. Statistiškai patikimai dažniau tendencija vystytis priklausomybei nustatyta asmenims, vartojantiems vaistus kasdien (p<0,001), mažesnes pajamas gaunantiems (p = 0,013), žemesnio išsilavinimo (p = 0,023), kaip vartojimo priežastį nurodžiusiems nerimą (p = 0,021), kuriems diagnozuota psichinė liga (p=0.027), sulaukusiems pensinio amžiaus (p=0,003), bei kuriuos dėl ligos vargina nuolatinis skausmas (p=0,005). Tuo tarpu vedybinė padėtis, žalingi įpročiai, gydytojo, išrašančio receptus, specializacija, vartojamo BZD grupės preparato pasirinkimas statistiškai reikšmingo ryšio priklausomybės vystymuisi neturėjo.
HYPOTENSIVE ANAESTHESIA IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
Authors: Jackevičiūtė Jonė , Kraujalytė Greta , Razukevičius Dainius , Kalibatienė Lina , Macas Andrius
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Deliberate hypotension (DH) is a widely used anaesthesia technique for decreasing intraoperative bleeding and improving the visibility of the operating field. Orofacial region has rich blood supply, therefore adequate bleeding management is needed. Methods. A literature search was performed using the search terms and was limited to English language. We used specific databases for our literature search. Discussion. The positive effect of DH is associated with mechanism of action leading to reduction of blood loss and reduced blood transfusion rate, accompanied by proper pain management. However, adverse effects are distinguishable, although the presentation completely depends on the hypotensive anaesthetic used for induction of DH. Conclusion. The application of controlled hypotension in maxillofacial surgery is highly advisable. Despite the positive effects, constant monitoring of the vital signs and drug induced side effects in perioperative period is needed.
After the Millennium Development Goals. Remarks on the ethical assessment of global poverty reduction success
Authors: Eskelinen Teppo
Published: May 2018

The Millennium Development Goals were effective from 2000 to 2015. Statistics show that most of the goals were met, and particularly success in the goal of reducing extreme poverty (MDG1) gained wide recognition. Despite the strong ethical language related to poverty reduction, there has been little analysis of the ethical significance of the MDG achievements. Since statistical and ethical definitions and representations of poverty never completely overlap, conclusions concerning ethical progress are not directly available from the statistics. This article shows how this ethical significance can be analysed and what kinds of controversies and uncertainties relate to the issue. As part of this analysis, utilitarian issues, population ethics, and the social aspect of poverty are discussed.

Keywords: poverty, Millennium Development Goals, statistics, ethics, poverty line
A set of semantic and pragmatic criteria for descriptive vs. metalinguistic negation
Authors: Moeschler Jacques
Published: May 2018

This article is about metalinguistic negation and the types of criteria making a straightforward distinction between descriptive (DN) and metalinguistic negation (MN). First, I will distinguish three types of negation: one type of DN and two types of MN, where MN1 is upward metalinguistic negation and MN2 presuppositional metalinguistic negation. This distinction is based on two semantic criteria (entailment and scope of negation), and one discursive or pragmatic criterion (connectives). Then, the use of the connective criterion will imply that maisSN (Ger. sondern and Sp. sino) triggers DN, whereas maisPA (Ger. aber, Sp. pero) licenses MN1 and a causal connective like parce que ‘because’ or puisque ‘since’ generates MN2. The general philosophy of the analysis of negation is both monoguist (negation is semantically unambiguous, and its meaning is logical) and contextual (there is no reinterpretation of the negative clause when negation is metalinguistic). Finally, this article aims to lend theoretical support to the experimental work on negation reported in Blochowiak & Grisot (2018).
La viabilidad de la democracia en El Salvador
Authors: Martínez Peñate Oscar
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 50, 1996: 189-211
La representación social de los derechos humanos en El Salvador
Authors: Cano Ignacio , Rodríguez Carolina
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 50, 1996: 307-349
El paseo. Cuento
Authors: Lesta Francisco
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 50, 1996: 351-358
El poder legislativo y los partidos políticos
Authors: Martínez Peñate Oscar
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 52, 1996: 547-572
La respuesta frente a la delincuencia en el estado de derecho: lineamientos de un proceso penal democrático latinoamericano
Authors: Guariglia Fabricio
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 54, 1996: 807-816
¿Comisión para el desarrollo nacional?
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 56, 1997: 99-101
La modernización del Estado
Authors: Ibisate Francisco Javier
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 56, 1997: 103-111
Lo kafkiano en clave histórica: para una lectura crítica de "La metamorfosis"
Authors: Roque Baldovinos Ricardo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 57, 1997: 275-291