bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phylogenomics of Endogonaceae and evolution of mycorrhizas within Mucoromycota
Authors: Chang Ying , Desirò Alessandro , Na Hyunsoo , Sandor Laura , Lipzen Anna , Clum Alicia , Barry Kerrie , Grigoriev Igor V. , Martin Francis M. , Stajich Jason E. , Smith Matthew E. , Bonito Gregory , Spatafora Joseph W.
Published: November 2018

Endogonales (Mucoromycotina), composed of Endogonaceae and Densosporaceae, is the only known non‐Dikarya order with ectomycorrhizal members. They also form mycorrhizal‐like association with some nonspermatophyte plants. It has been recently proposed that Endogonales were among the earliest mycorrhizal partners with land plants. It remains unknown whether Endogonales possess genomes with mycorrhizal‐lifestyle signatures and whether Endogonales originated around the same time as land plants did.

We sampled sporocarp tissue from four Endogonaceae collections and performed shotgun genome sequencing. After binning the metagenome data, we assembled and annotated the Endogonaceae genomes. We performed comparative analysis on plant‐cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) and small secreted proteins (SSPs). We inferred phylogenetic placement of Endogonaceae and estimated the ages of Endogonaceae and Endogonales with expanded taxon sampling.

Endogonaceae have large genomes with high repeat content, low diversity of PCWDEs, but without elevated SSP/secretome ratios. Dating analysis estimated that Endogonaceae originated in the Permian–Triassic boundary and Endogonales originated in the mid–late Silurian. Mycoplasma‐related endobacterium sequences were identified in three Endogonaceae genomes.

Endogonaceae genomes possess typical signatures of mycorrhizal lifestyle. The early origin of Endogonales suggests that the mycorrhizal association between Endogonales and plants might have played an important role during the colonization of land by plants.
Neonatal pain: Knowledge and perception among pediatric doctors in Malaysia
Authors: Ishak Shareena , NFE Flora , Zakaria SZ Syed , Adli Ali , Jaafar Rohana
Published: November 2018

Background

Inadequate pain management is linked to potential neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Sufficient knowledge in neonatal pain is required to facilitate optimal pain management. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the knowledge and perception of pain experienced by neonates requiring intensive care among pediatric doctors working in a level III neonatal intensive care unit in Malaysian hospitals.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study conducted over a period of 18 months. A self‐administered questionnaire assessing knowledge and perception regarding neonatal pain was used.

Results

Twenty‐four hospitals participated in the study, with 423 respondents. The response rate was 85%. One hundred and ninety‐seven respondents (47%) were aware of tools for neonatal pain assessment, but only 6% used them in daily practice. Doctors with >4 years of experience in neonatal care had better awareness of available pain assessment tools (59.4% vs 40.9%, P = 0.001). Sixteen statements regarding knowledge were assessed. Mean score obtained was 10.5 ± 2.5. Consultants/specialists obtained a higher mean score than medical officers (11.9 vs 10.4, P < 0.001). More than 80% of respondents were able to discriminate painful from non‐painful procedures.

Conclusion

Clinicians involved in neonatal care, especially those with longer experience were knowledgeable about neonatal pain. Gaps between knowledge and its application, however, remain. Implementation of clinical guidelines to improve the quality of assessment and adequate pain management in neonates is recommended.
Examining discrepancies between actual and desired communal coping with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Basinger Erin D. , Caughlin John P. , Wang Ningxin
Published: November 2018

Type 2 diabetes has deleterious physiological, psychological, and relational effects both on people living with diabetes (PLWD) and on their family members. We employed the communal coping model to investigate whether coping alongside family members was advantageous. Specifically, PLWD (n = 213) and family members of PLWD (n = 208) completed an online survey assessing their coping responses and a variety of diabetes‐related outcomes (i.e., depressive symptoms, relationship satisfaction, and self‐care). Generally, results indicated that more communal coping was beneficial. However, a second goal of this study was to examine discrepancies between levels of actual communal coping and desired communal coping, and the findings from these analyses add nuance to the generally held belief that more communal coping is always better.
The Sensitized Bioluminescence Mechanism of Bacterial Luciferase
Authors: Lee John , Müller Franz , Visser Antonie J. W. G.
Published: November 2018

After more than one‐half century of investigations, the mechanism of bioluminescence from the FMNH2 assisted oxygen oxidation of an aliphatic aldehyde on bacterial luciferase continues to resist elucidation. There are many types of luciferase from species of bioluminescent bacteria originating from both marine and terrestrial habitats. The luciferases all have close sequence homology, and in vitro, a highly efficient light generation is obtained from these natural metabolites as substrates. Sufficient exothermicity equivalent to the energy of a blue photon is available in the chemical oxidation of the aldehyde to the corresponding carboxylic acid, and a luciferase‐bound FMNH‐OOH is a key player. A high energy species, the source of the exothermicity, is unknown except that it is not a luciferin cyclic peroxide, a dioxetanone, as identified in the pathway of the firefly and the marine bioluminescence systems. Besides these natural substrates, variable bioluminescence properties are found using other reactants such as flavin analogs or aldehydes, but results also depend on the luciferase type. Some rationalization of the mechanism has resulted from spatial structure determination, NMR of intermediates and dynamic optical spectroscopy. The overall light path appears to fall into the sensitized class of chemiluminescence mechanism, distinct from the dioxetanone types.
Effect of trade and manufacturer traceability on the environmental performance of local companies in emerging economies
Authors: Barash‐Harman Yael
Published: November 2018

This paper shows that manufacturer traceability triggers environmental standard diffusion from highly to weakly regulating countries, driving local companies to meet environmental regulation requirements. The paper aims to explain firms’ environmental performance by using product differentiation as an indicator for manufacturer traceability. The findings show that differentiated goods sold to international markets prompt local firms to meet environmental regulation requirements and produce positive pressure to go beyond local compliance levels. However, when traceability is low, as in the case of undifferentiated goods, trade with global markets does not tend to create incentives for environmental investment. The study examines firms in the emerging economy of India.
Decentralization and Football*
Authors: Lago Ignacio , Lago‐Peñas Carlos , Lago‐Peñas Santiago
Published: November 2018

Objectives

We show that decentralization of economic and political power makes a substantial difference in football. Decentralization increases the competitive balance of domestic football leagues and creates an advantage for clubs from decentralized countries in international competitions.

Methods

We run pooled cross‐sectional time‐series analyses using data from 35 European countries over the period 1950–2010 and logistic regressions with data from the first 18 editions of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Champions League.

Results

We find that regional autonomy boosts the competition among clubs from different regions and results in a greater competitive balance of domestic football leagues. Clubs from decentralized countries have a greater chance of winning, or at least playing in the final, than those from centralized countries.

Conclusions

The degree of countries’ political and economic decentralization positively increases the likelihood of winning football international trophies.
Schallamach Wave-Induced Instabilities in a Belt-Drive System
Authors: Wu Yingdan , Varenberg Michael , Leamy Michael J.
Published: November 2018

We experimentally study the dynamic behavior of a belt-drive system to explore the effect of loading conditions, driving speed, and system inertia on both the frequency and amplitude of the observed frictional and rotational instabilities. A self-excited oscillation is reported whereby local detachment events in the belt–pulley interface serve as harmonic forcing of the pulley, leading to angular velocity oscillations that grow in time. Both the frictional instabilities and the pulley oscillations depend strongly on operating conditions and system inertia, and differ between the driver and driven pulleys. A larger net torque applied to the pulley generally intensifies Schallamach waves of detachment in the driver case but has little influence on other measured response quantities. Higher driving speeds accelerate the occurrence of frictional instabilities as well as pulley oscillations in both cases. Increasing the system's inertia does not affect the behavior of contact instabilities, but does lead to a steadier rotation of the pulley and more pronounced fluctuations in the belt tension. A simple dynamic model of the belt-drive system demonstrates good agreement with the experimental results and provides strong evidence that frictional instabilities are the primary source of the system's self-oscillation.
A Miniature Four-Microphone Array for Two-Dimensional Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Based on Biomimetic Time-Delay Magnification
Authors: Liu Ling , Yang Ming , Zhang Yaqiong , Zhu Xinlei , Ta Na , Rao Zhushi
Published: November 2018

A miniature microphone array based on interaural time difference (ITD) is designed. This array contains four microphones with certain arrangement and aims for two-dimensional (azimuth and elevation) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the whole three-dimensional space. The array can be small because it uses a coupling algorithm that magnifies the time delay between the signals received by every two microphones. The coupling algorithm is built according to a pairwise-coupled multidimensional mechanical model inspired by the ears of the tiny parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea. It was verified that the time-delay magnification can be independent of the incident angle when the parameters in the model satisfy specific relationships. This paper further investigates the multidimensional coupled system and advocates to realize the magnification mechanism in algorithm, where the physical parameters can change according to sound frequency to ensure the time-delay magnification. Moreover, the arrangement of microphones is specially designed to help the array to achieve similar measuring accuracy for all directions in the three-dimensional space. Corresponding signal process procedures are also provided. Simulations that use such an array to estimate the azimuth and elevation angles of sound source are performed via general cross-correlation (GCC) method. Results verify the feasibility of the microphone array and show that the accuracy of the estimation increases after the signals are processed by the coupled system.
Draft Genome Sequences of Nine
Vibrio
sp. Isolates from across the United States Closely Related to Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Islam Mohammad Tarequl , Liang Kevin , Im Monica S. , Winkjer Jonathan , Busby Shelby , Tarr Cheryl L. , Boucher Yan
Published: November 2018

We are reporting whole-genome sequences of nine
Vibrio
sp. isolates closely related to the waterborne human pathogen
Vibrio cholerae
.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Fermenting Bacterium, “
Sphaerochaeta halotolerans
” 4-11
T
, from a Low-Temperature Petroleum Reservoir in Russia
Authors: Grouzdev Denis S. , Bidzhieva Salimat K. , Sokolova Diyana S. , Tourova Tatiyana P. , Patutina Ekaterina O. , Poltaraus Andrey B. , Nazina Tamara N.
Published: November 2018

The draft genome sequence of an anaerobic fermenting bacterium, “
Sphaerochaeta halotolerans
” strain 4-11
T
, isolated from formation water of a low-temperature petroleum reservoir in Russia is presented. The genome is annotated to elucidate the taxonomic position of the strain 4-11
T
and to extend the public genome database.
Diagnostic routes and time intervals for patients with colorectal cancer in 10 international jurisdictions; findings from a cross-sectional study from the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP)
Authors: Weller David , Menon Usha , Zalounina Falborg Alina , Jensen Henry , Barisic Andriana , Knudsen Anne Kari , Bergin Rebecca J , Brewster David H , Cairnduff Victoria , Gavin Anna T , Grunfeld Eva , Harland Elizabeth , Lambe Mats , Law Rebecca-Jane , Lin Yulan , Malmberg Martin , Turner Donna , Neal Richard D , White Victoria , Harrison Samantha , Reguilon Irene ,   ICBP Module 4 Working Group, Vedsted Peter
Published: November 2018

Objective

International differences in colorectal cancer (CRC) survival and stage at diagnosis have been reported previously. They may be linked to differences in time intervals and routes to diagnosis. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership Module 4 (ICBP M4) reports the first international comparison of routes to diagnosis for patients with CRC and the time intervals from symptom onset until the start of treatment. Data came from patients in 10 jurisdictions across six countries (Canada, the UK, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Australia).

Design

Patients with CRC were identified via cancer registries. Data on symptomatic and screened patients were collected; questionnaire data from patients’ primary care physicians and specialists, as well as information from treatment records or databases, supplemented patient data from the questionnaires. Routes to diagnosis and the key time intervals were described, as were between-jurisdiction differences in time intervals, using quantile regression.

Participants

A total of 14 664 eligible patients with CRC diagnosed between 2013 and 2015 were identified, of which 2866 were included in the analyses.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Interval lengths in days (primary), reported patient symptoms (secondary).

Results

The main route to diagnosis for patients was symptomatic presentation and the most commonly reported symptom was ‘bleeding/blood in stool’. The median intervals between jurisdictions ranged from: 21 to 49 days (patient); 0 to 12 days (primary care); 27 to 76 days (diagnostic); and 77 to 168 days (total, from first symptom to treatment start). Including screen-detected cases did not significantly alter the overall results.

Conclusion

ICBP M4 demonstrates important differences in time intervals between 10 jurisdictions internationally. The differences may justify efforts to reduce intervals in some jurisdictions.
Sick leave and its predictors in ankylosing spondylitis: long-term results from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study
Authors: Webers Casper , Ramiro Sofia , Landewé Robert , van der Heijde Désirée , van den Bosch Filip , Dougados Maxime , van Tubergen Astrid , Boonen Annelies
Published: November 2018

Objective

To investigate the occurrence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)-related sick leave (SL) over 6 12 years and explore factors predicting first and recurrent SL.

Methods

Data from employed patients from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study were used. At each visit, patients indicated the occurrence of SL (yes/no) in the previous inter-assessment period. Cox regressions predicted a first episode of SL. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) explored the association between SL and (time-lagged) predictors. To investigate whether SL predicts new SL, SL in the first year was included as covariate in a separate analysis.

Results

139 patients (76% males, mean (SD) age 38.7 (10.0) years) were at risk for SL for an average period of 7.9 years, of whom 88 (63%) reported any SL. In both the Cox baseline predictors model (HR (95%  CI)) and the time-varying GEE models (OR (95%  CI)), AS Disease Activity Score (1.67, 1.23 to 2.28 (HR); 1.48, 1.07 to 2.03 (OR)); Bath AS Disease Activity Index (1.33, 1.18 to 1.51 (HR); 1.31, 1.15 to 1.49 (OR)), Bath AS Functional Index (1.17, 1.02 to 1.34 (HR); 1.31, 1.16 to 1.47 (OR)) and comorbidity at baseline (GEE only, 1.52, 1.00 to 2.29 (OR)) were associated with SL in separate models, but only in patients with low educational attainment. SL in the first year was an independent predictor of SL over time (OR: 2.62 to 8.37 in different models, all p<0.05).

Conclusion

Disease activity and physical function predicted first and recurrent SL, but only in patients with low educational attainment. Prior SL results in future SL, and SL should therefore be a signal for support to prevent future adverse work outcome.
Further description of bovine tuberculosis trends in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, 2003–2015
Authors: More Simon J , Houtsma Erik , Doyle Liam , McGrath Guy , Clegg Tracy A , de la Rua‐Domenech Ricardo , Duignan Anthony , Blissitt Martyn J , Dunlop Mervyn , Schroeder Paul G , Pike Ryan , Upton Paul
Published: November 2018

Extending on earlier work, trends in bovine tuberculosis (bTB) from 2003 to 2015 are described for the countries of the UK and the Republic of Ireland using standardised definitions and measures. Based on measures of animal and herd incidence, there remains a stable situation of extremely low prevalence in Scotland and the Low Risk Area of England, and a higher but ongoing reduction in prevalence in the Republic of Ireland. In Northern Ireland, there has been a rising bTB trend during 2010–2015, although not to levels experienced during 2002–2004. In the High Risk Area and Edge Area of England during 2010–2015, the rising bTB trends have continued but with some recent evidence of stabilisation. In Wales, prevalence has fallen subsequent to a peak in 2008. The paper considers country‐level differences in the light of key policy changes, which are presented in detail. This work is unique, and will assist policymakers when critically evaluating policy options for effective control and eradication. Ongoing updates of this analysis would be useful, providing an evidence base for country‐level comparison of bTB trends into the future. The use of multivariable analytical methods should be considered, but will rely on substantial sharing of raw data across the five countries.
Overcoming root dormancy and identifying the storage behaviour of Lilium polyphyllum seeds
Authors: Dhyani Anurag , Baskin Carol C. , Nautiyal Bhagwati Prasad , Nautiyal Mohan Chandra
Published: November 2018

Lilium polyphyllum D.Don ex Royle is a critically endangered medicinal herb of Himalaya. Seeds have epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy, and in the field a minimum of 34 weeks is required for root emergence. To date, treatments to decrease the time for root protrusion and seed storage behaviour have not been determined. We evaluated the effects of plant growth regulators and nitrogenous compounds as well as seed scarification on root emergence, and determined the storage behaviour of seeds. Root emergence at 20 °C was significantly increased by 100 ppm of indole butyric acid (IBA), KNO3, and thiourea, and by the application of NaOCl solution for 30 min. The mean germination time was significantly decreased by 50 ppm of gibberellic acid (GA3; 28 days) compared with 100 ppm GA3 (36 days). After 12 months of dry storage, the viability of seeds (TTC method) at room temperature (10–35 °C), 0–4 °C, and −20 ± 1 °C was 95%, 100%, and 100%, respectively; thus, the seeds have orthodox storage behaviour. Our recommendation for seedling production is to store the seeds at room temperature until they can be sown under warm wet conditions. Roots emerge after about 8 weeks, and then seeds should be given a 2-week cold moist treatment to break shoot dormancy. After 2 weeks of cold, transfer the seeds to warm (20 °C) spring temperature conditions to promote growth.
ATR–IR spectroelectrochemical studies of arsenic speciation at the ferrihydrite–solution interface
Authors: Sigrist Jessica A. , Burgess Ian J.
Published: November 2018

The adsorption of arsenic on an amorphous iron oxy(hydroxides) (ferrihydrite) under reductive conditions is reported. The fabrication of an ATR–IR spectroelectrochemical cell that allows the vibrational characterization of arsenate and arsenite adsorbed on a thin film of ferrihydrite is described. The cell is shown to allow the application of reductive conditions through the introduction of a working electrode that is positioned adjacent to the mineral phase. ATR–IR spectra reveal that increasingly negative solution potentials (Eh) leads to the loss of adsorbed arsenate prior to the reductive dissolution of Fe(III) in the ferrihydrite. Under the experimental conditions, there is no evidence of reduction of arsenate to arsenite. Through the use of a miniaturized pH probe, the desorption of arsenate through electrochemical biasing is shown to arise solely from competitive adsorption from hydroxide ions produced by electrolysis of water. The results indicate that, within the time frame accessible in these measurements, only extreme reductive conditions are detrimental to arsenic sequestration in mine tailings facilities.
Alarmins at the maternal–fetal interface: involvement of inflammation in placental dysfunction and pregnancy complications
Authors: Brien Marie-Eve , Baker Bernadette , Duval Cyntia , Gaudreault Virginie , Jones Rebecca L. , Girard Sylvie
Published: November 2018

Inflammation is known to be associated with placental dysfunction and pregnancy complications. Infections are well known to be a cause of inflammation but they are frequently undetectable in pregnancy complications. More recently, the focus has been extended to inflammation of noninfectious origin, namely caused by endogenous mediators known as “damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)” or alarmins. In this manuscript, we review the mechanism by which inflammation, sterile or infectious, can alter the placenta and its function. We discuss some classical DAMPs, such as uric acid, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), cell-free fetal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (cffDNA), S100 proteins, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and their impact on the placenta. We focus on the main placental cells (i.e., trophoblast and Hofbauer cells) and describe the placental response to, and release of, DAMPs. We also covered the current state of knowledge about the role of DAMPs in pregnancy complications including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and stillbirth and possible therapeutic strategies to preserve placental function.
Neutrino mixings as a source of lepton flavor violations
Authors: Boyarkin O. M. , Boyarkina G. G. , Vasileuskaya D. S.
Published: November 2018

Within the left–right symmetric model (LRM) the [Formula: see text] boson decay into the channel [Formula: see text] are investigated. The branching ratios of this decay is found in the third order of the perturbation theory. The obtained expression does not equal to zero only at the existence of the neutrino mixings. This means that from the point of view of the LRM, the nonconservations of the neutral and the charged lepton flavors have the same nature. As a result, the elucidation of the decays [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] could provide data concerned the neutrino sector structure of the LRM. The neutrino sector parameters which could be measured in that case are as follows: (i) difference of the heavy neutrino masses; (ii) heavy–heavy neutrino mixing; (iii) heavy–light neutrino mixing.
A computational study of Stillinger–Weber silicon at 0.75 GPa in supercooled region
Authors: Gautam Arvind K. , Chandra Avinash
Published: November 2018

We studied the liquid-liquid transition in supercooled silicon modeled by the Stillinger–Weber potential. The Isothermal Isobaric Monte Carlo (NPT-MC) simulation techniques were performed here to compute the free energy difference between the two liquid phases of silicon by Bennett Acceptance Ratio (BAR) method along with a reversible path at 0.75 GPa pressure and 970 K temperature. The thermodynamic properties as energy ([Formula: see text]) and density ([Formula: see text]) of the high-density liquid (HDL) phase have been computed here at different temperatures from 970–990 K. We also computed the entropy difference between the high-density liquid (HDL) and low-density liquid (LDL) phases which indicates that the glass transition temperature for the LDL phase is lower compared to the HDL phase. Further, by using the BAR method, we have computed the excess Gibbs free energy (G[Formula: see text]) of HDL phase with respect to the crystalline phase at different temperatures in the supercooled region of SW-Silicon potential model. Based on the slope of excess Gibbs free energy with respect to temperature (T), we found that the excess entropy (Se) of the HDL with respect to crystalline phase shows a nonmonotonic dependence on temperature at the liquid-liquid transition temperature of T[Formula: see text] = 970 K. Our results are in good agreement with the previous observation of a nonmonotonic dependence of the enthalpy on temperature in MD simulations, starting with the HDL phase at a temperature just above T[Formula: see text]. All these properties are useful to understand the phase behavior of supercooled silicon and can be applicable to identify the better quality of silicon for industrial uses.
HaloDPC: An Improved Recognition Method on Halo Node for Density Peak Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Jianhua , Zhou Wei , Wang Limin , Tao Xin , Li Keqin
Published: November 2018

The density peaks clustering (DPC) is known as an excellent approach to detect some complicated-shaped clusters with high-dimensionality. However, it is not able to detect outliers, hub nodes and boundary nodes, or form low-density clusters. Therefore, halo is adopted to improve the performance of DPC in processing low-density nodes. This paper explores the potential reasons for adopting halos instead of low-density nodes, and proposes an improved recognition method on Halo node for Density Peak Clustering algorithm (HaloDPC). The proposed HaloDPC has improved the ability to deal with varying densities, irregular shapes, the number of clusters, outlier and hub node detection. This paper presents the advantages of the HaloDPC algorithm on several test cases.
Characteristic subgroup lattices and Hopf–Galois structures
Authors: Kohl Timothy
Published: November 2018

The Hopf–Galois structures on normal field extensions [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] are in one-to-one correspondence with the set of regular subgroups [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text], the group of permutations of [Formula: see text] as a set, that are normalized by the left regular representation [Formula: see text]. Each such [Formula: see text] corresponds to a Hopf algebra [Formula: see text] that acts on [Formula: see text]. Such regular subgroups need not be isomorphic to [Formula: see text] but must have the same order. One can divide all such [Formula: see text] into collections [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the set of those regular [Formula: see text] normalized by [Formula: see text] and isomorphic to a given abstract group [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. There exists an injective correspondence between the characteristic subgroups of a given [Formula: see text] and the set of subgroups of [Formula: see text] stemming from the Galois correspondence between sub-Hopf algebras of [Formula: see text] and intermediate fields [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. We utilize this correspondence to show that for certain pairs [Formula: see text], the collection [Formula: see text] must be empty. This also shows that for these [Formula: see text], there do not exist skew braces with additive group isomorphic to [Formula: see text] and circle group isomorphic to [Formula: see text].
MONITORED DEFORMATION BY POTENTIAL-INDUCED DEFECTS IN CH3(CH2)n−1SH SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS ON GOLD: EIS STUDY OF CHAIN LENGTH EFFECT ON SUBDIFFUSION AND SAMs’ HETEROGENEITY
Authors: MOUGARI AHMED , ZABAT MOKHTAR , BOUDJADAR SMAIL
Published: November 2018

From the defects-free self-assembled organic layers (SAMs) of CH3([Formula: see text]SH molecules with short chain lengths ([Formula: see text]) electrodeposited on the (111) surface of monocrystalline gold previously prepared, monitored defects (pinholes) were potential-induced from cyclic partial reduction of SAMs at an appropriate potential. Electrochemical impedance measurements were in-situ conducted and [Fe(CN)6][Formula: see text] ions were used as probes for mass and charge transfer. Interface evolution was modeled with an equivalent electrical circuit containing two distinct constant-phase elements (CPEs). One is a generalized semi-infinite Warburg element in series with a charge transfer resistance attributed to subdiffusion phenomenon through leaky sublayers at low frequencies; the other CPE is used for characterizing the interface heterogeneity at medium and high frequencies. At low frequencies, electrochemical impedance measurements show subdiffusion phenomenon, which depends on the remaining sublayer and its thickness. When the defect density increases, diffusion tends to be ordinary, obeying the Fick’s law.
Whittaker modules for the super-Virasoro algebras
Authors: Liu Dong , Pei Yufeng , Xia Limeng
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we define and study Whittaker modules for the super-Viraoro algebras, including the Neveu-Schwarz algebra and the Ramond algebra. We classify the simple Whittaker modules and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for irreducibility of these modules.
Quasi-cotilting modules and torsion-free classes
Authors: Zhang Peiyu , Wei Jiaqun
Published: November 2018

We prove that all quasi-cotilting modules are pure-injective and cofinendo. It follows that the class [Formula: see text] is always a covering class whenever [Formula: see text] is a quasi-cotilting module. Some characterizations of quasi-cotilting modules are given. As a main result, we prove that there is a bijective correspondence between the equivalent classes of quasi-cotilting modules and torsion-free covering classes.
Hereditarily just infinite profinite groups with complete Hausdorff dimension spectrum
Authors: Barnea Yiftach , Vannacci Matteo
Published: November 2018

We prove that the inverse limits of certain iterated wreath products in product action have complete Hausdorff dimension spectrum with respect to their unique maximal filtration of open normal subgroups. Moreover we can produce explicitly subgroups with a specified Hausdorff dimension.
On triple correlations of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms. II
Authors: Lü Guangshi , Xi Ping
Published: November 2018

The triple correlation [Formula: see text] for arbitrary coefficients [Formula: see text] is estimated on average over [Formula: see text] in some short intervals. By introducing a device of short intervals, we are able to reduce this problem to uniform oscillations of one of the three coefficients, say [Formula: see text], against additive characters of [Formula: see text] over short intervals. The argument is simple, but refines previous arguments in certain cases. More precise estimates are also obtained by taking [Formula: see text] to be Fourier coefficients of cusp forms and Möbius functions, which substantially improve previous results.
A magnetic modular form
Authors: Li Yingkun , Neururer Michael
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we prove a conjecture of Broadhurst and Zudilin concerning a divisibility property of the Fourier coefficients of a meromorphic modular form using the generalization of the Shimura lift by Borcherds and Hecke operators on vector-valued modular forms developed by Bruinier and Stein. Furthermore, we construct a family of meromorphic modular forms with this property.
Global dynamics of delayed intraguild predation model with intraspecific competition
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Dai Binxiang
Published: November 2018

A delayed intraguild predation (IGP) model with intraspecific competition is considered. It is shown that the delay has a destabilizing effect and induces oscillations. The global existence results of periodic solutions bifurcating from the positive equilibrium are established. It is shown that there exists at least one nontrival periodic solution when the delay passes through a certain critical value. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate our theoretical results and show that intraspecific competition can also affect the stability of the positive equilibrium of the system.
Implicative 𝒩-ideals of BCK-algebras based on neutrosophic 𝒩-structures
Authors: Muhiuddin G. , Kim Seon Jeong , Jun Young Bae
Published: November 2018

In the present paper, we introduce the concept of neutrosophic implicative [Formula: see text]-ideal in [Formula: see text]-algebras, and investigate several properties. Also, we provide characterizations of the neutrosophic implicative [Formula: see text]-ideal. Furthermore, we discuss relations between neutrosophic positive implicative [Formula: see text]-ideal, neutrosophic commutative [Formula: see text]-ideal and neutrosophic implicative [Formula: see text]-ideal. Finally, we characterize implicative [Formula: see text]-algebra by using neutrosophic implicative [Formula: see text]-ideal.
I-cloth
Authors: Tang Min , wang tongtong , Liu Zhongyuan , Tong Ruofeng , Manocha Dinesh
Published: November 2018

We present an incremental collision handling algorithm for GPU-based interactive cloth simulation. Our approach exploits the spatial and temporal coherence between successive iterations of an optimization-based solver for collision response computation. We present an incremental continuous collision detection algorithm that keeps track of deforming vertices and combine it with spatial hashing. We use a non-linear GPU-based impact zone solver to resolve the penetrations. We combine our collision handling algorithm with implicit integration to use large time steps. Our overall algorithm, I-Cloth, can simulate complex cloth deformation with a few hundred thousand vertices at 2 - 8 frames per second on a commodity GPU. We highlight its performance on different benchmarks and observe up to 7 - 10X speedup over prior algorithms.
SCORES
Authors: Zhu Chenyang , Xu Kai , Chaudhuri Siddhartha , Yi Renjiao , Zhang Hao
Published: November 2018

We introduce SCORES, a
recursive neural network
for
shape composition.
Our network takes as input sets of parts from two or more source 3D shapes and a rough initial placement of the parts. It outputs an optimized part structure for the composed shape, leading to high-quality geometry construction. A unique feature of our composition network is that it is not merely learning how to connect parts. Our goal is to produce a coherent and
plausible
3D shape, despite large incompatibilities among the input parts. The network may significantly alter the geometry and structure of the input parts and
synthesize
a novel shape structure based on the inputs, while adding or removing parts to minimize a structure plausibility loss. We design SCORES as a
recursive autoencoder
network. During encoding, the input parts are recursively grouped to generate a root code. During synthesis, the root code is decoded, recursively, to produce a new, coherent part assembly. Assembled shape structures may be novel, with little global resemblance to training exemplars, yet have plausible substructures. SCORES therefore learns a hierarchical
substructure shape prior
based on per-node losses. It is trained on structured shapes from ShapeNet, and is applied iteratively to reduce the plausibility loss. We show results of shape composition from multiple sources over different categories of man-made shapes and compare with state-of-the-art alternatives, demonstrating that our network can significantly expand the range of composable shapes for assembly-based modeling.
Learning to group and label fine-grained shape components
Authors: Wang Xiaogang , Zhou Bin , Fang Haiyue , Chen Xiaowu , Zhao Qinping , Xu Kai
Published: November 2018

A majority of stock 3D models in modern shape repositories are assembled with many fine-grained components. The main cause of such data form is the component-wise modeling process widely practiced by human modelers. These modeling components thus inherently reflect some function-based shape decomposition the artist had in mind during modeling. On the other hand, modeling components represent an over-segmentation since a functional part is usually modeled as a multi-component assembly. Based on these observations, we advocate that labeled segmentation of stock 3D models should not overlook the modeling components and propose a learning solution to grouping and labeling of the fine-grained components. However, directly characterizing the shape of individual components for the purpose of labeling is unreliable, since they can be arbitrarily tiny and semantically meaningless. We propose to generate part hypotheses from the components based on a hierarchical grouping strategy, and perform labeling on those part groups instead of directly on the components. Part hypotheses are mid-level elements which are more probable to carry semantic information. A multi-scale 3D convolutional neural network is trained to extract context-aware features for the hypotheses. To accomplish a labeled segmentation of the whole shape, we formulate higher-order conditional random fields (CRFs) to infer an optimal label assignment for all components. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves significantly robust labeling results on raw 3D models from public shape repositories. Our work also contributes the first benchmark for component-wise labeling.
Flycon
Authors: Nägeli Tobias , Oberholzer Samuel , Plüss Silvan , Alonso-Mora Javier , Hilliges Otmar
Published: November 2018

We propose a real-time method for the infrastructure-free estimation of articulated human motion. The approach leverages a swarm of camera-equipped flying robots and
jointly
optimizes the swarm's and skeletal states, which include the 3D joint positions and a set of bones. Our method allows to track the motion of human subjects, for example an athlete, over long time horizons and long distances, in challenging settings and at large scale, where fixed infrastructure approaches are not applicable. The proposed algorithm uses active infra-red markers, runs in real-time and accurately estimates robot and human pose parameters online without the need for accurately calibrated or stationary mounted cameras. Our method i) estimates a global coordinate frame for the MAV swarm, ii) jointly optimizes the human pose and relative camera positions, and iii) estimates the length of the human bones. The entire swarm is then controlled via a model predictive controller to maximize visibility of the subject from multiple viewpoints even under fast motion such as jumping or jogging. We demonstrate our method in a number of difficult scenarios including capture of long locomotion sequences at the scale of a triplex gym, in non-planar terrain, while climbing and in outdoor scenarios.
CariGANs
Authors: Cao Kaidi , Liao Jing , Yuan Lu
Published: November 2018

Facial caricature is an art form of drawing faces in an exaggerated way to convey humor or sarcasm. In this paper, we propose the first Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for unpaired photo-to-caricature translation, which we call "CariGANs". It explicitly models geometric exaggeration and appearance stylization using two components:
CariGeoGAN
, which only models the geometry-to-geometry transformation from face photos to caricatures, and
CariStyGAN
, which transfers the style appearance from caricatures to face photos without any geometry deformation. In this way, a difficult cross-domain translation problem is decoupled into two easier tasks. The perceptual study shows that caricatures generated by our
CariGANs
are closer to the hand-drawn ones, and at the same time better persevere the identity, compared to state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, our
CariGANs
allow users to control the shape exaggeration degree and change the color/texture style by tuning the parameters or giving an example caricature.
Multi-chart generative surface modeling
Authors: Ben-Hamu Heli , Maron Haggai , Kezurer Itay , Avineri Gal , Lipman Yaron
Published: November 2018

This paper introduces a 3D shape generative model based on deep neural networks. A new image-like (
i.e.
, tensor) data representation for genus-zero 3D shapes is devised. It is based on the observation that complicated shapes can be well represented by multiple parameterizations (charts), each focusing on a different part of the shape. The new tensor data representation is used as input to Generative Adversarial Networks for the task of 3D shape generation.

The 3D shape tensor representation is based on a multi-chart structure that enjoys a shape covering property and scale-translation rigidity. Scale-translation rigidity facilitates high quality 3D shape learning and guarantees unique reconstruction. The multi-chart structure uses as input a dataset of 3D shapes (with arbitrary connectivity) and a sparse correspondence between them. The output of our algorithm is a generative model that learns the shape distribution and is able to generate novel shapes, interpolate shapes, and explore the generated shape space. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated for the task of anatomic shape generation including human body and bone (teeth) shape generation.
Image super-resolution via deterministic-stochastic synthesis and local statistical rectification
Authors: Ge Weifeng , Gong Bingchen , Yu Yizhou
Published: November 2018

Single image superresolution has been a popular research topic in the last two decades and has recently received a new wave of interest due to deep neural networks. In this paper, we approach this problem from a different perspective. With respect to a downsampled low resolution image, we model a high resolution image as a combination of two components, a deterministic component and a stochastic component. The deterministic component can be recovered from the low-frequency signals in the downsampled image. The stochastic component, on the other hand, contains the signals that have little correlation with the low resolution image. We adopt two complementary methods for generating these two components. While generative adversarial networks are used for the stochastic component, deterministic component reconstruction is formulated as a regression problem solved using deep neural networks. Since the deterministic component exhibits clearer local orientations, we design novel loss functions tailored for such properties for training the deep regression network. These two methods are first applied to the entire input image to produce two distinct high-resolution images. Afterwards, these two images are fused together using another deep neural network that also performs local statistical rectification, which tries to make the local statistics of the fused image match the same local statistics of the groundtruth image. Quantitative results and a user study indicate that the proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art algorithms with a clear margin.
Mean value coordinates for quad cages in 3D
Authors: Thiery Jean-Marc , Memari Pooran , Boubekeur Tamy
Published: November 2018

Space coordinates offer an elegant, scalable and versatile framework to propagate (multi-)scalar functions from the boundary vertices of a 3-manifold, often called a
cage
, within its volume. These generalizations of the barycentric coordinate system have progressively expanded the range of eligible cages to triangle and planar polygon surface meshes with arbitrary topology, concave regions and a spatially-varying sampling ratio, while preserving a smooth diffusion of the prescribed on-surface functions. In spite of their potential for major computer graphics applications such as freeform deformation or volume texturing, current space coordinate systems have only found a moderate impact in applications. This follows from the constraint of having only triangles in the cage most of the time, while many application scenarios favor arbitrary (non-planar) quad meshes for their ability to align the surface structure with features and to naturally cope with anisotropic sampling. In order to use space coordinates with arbitrary quad cages currently, one must triangulate them, which results in large propagation distortion. Instead, we propose a generalization of a popular coordinate system - Mean Value Coordinates - to quad and tri-quad cages, bridging the gap between high-quality coarse meshing and volume diffusion through space coordinates. Our method can process non-planar quads, comes with a closed-form solution free from global optimization and reproduces the expected behavior of Mean Value Coordinates, namely smoothness within the cage volume and continuity everywhere. As a result, we show how these coordinates compare favorably to classical space coordinates on triangulated quad cages, in particular for freeform deformation.
Holographic near-eye display with expanded eye-box
Authors: Jang Changwon , Bang Kiseung , Li Gang , Lee Byoungho
Published: November 2018

Holographic displays have great potential to realize mixed reality by modulating the wavefront of light in a fundamental manner. As a computational display, holographic displays offer a large degree of freedom, such as focus cue generation and vision correction. However, the limited bandwidth of spatial light modulator imposes an inherent trade-off relationship between the field of view and eye-box size. Thus, we demonstrate the first practical eye-box expansion method for a holographic near-eye display. Instead of providing an intrinsic large exit-pupil, we shift the optical system's exit-pupil to cover the expanded eye-box area with pupil-tracking. For compact implementation, a pupil-shifting holographic optical element (PSHOE) is proposed that can reduce the form factor for exit-pupil shifting. A thorough analysis of the design parameters and display performance are provided. In particular, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the incorporation of the holographic optical element into a holographic display system. The influence of holographic optical elements on the intrinsic exit-pupil and pupil switching is revealed by numerical simulation and Wigner distribution function analysis.
Multi-view wire art
Authors: Hsiao Kai-Wen , Huang Jia-Bin , Chu Hung-Kuo
Published: November 2018

Wire art is the creation of three-dimensional sculptural art using wire strands. As the 2D projection of a 3D wire sculpture forms line drawing patterns, it is possible to craft multi-view wire sculpture art --- a static sculpture with multiple (potentially very different) interpretations when perceived at different viewpoints. Artists can effectively leverage this characteristic and produce compelling artistic effects. However, the creation of such multi-view wire sculpture is extremely time-consuming even by highly skilled artists. In this paper, we present a computational framework for automatic creation of multi-view 3D wire sculpture. Our system takes two or three user-specified line drawings and the associated viewpoints as inputs. We start with producing a sparse set of voxels via greedy selection approach such that their projections on the virtual cameras cover all the contour pixels of the input line drawings. The sparse set of voxels, however, do not necessary form one single connected component. We introduce a constrained 3D pathfinding algorithm to link isolated groups of voxels into a connected component while maintaining the similarity between the projected voxels and the line drawings. Using the reconstructed visual hull, we extract a curve skeleton and produce a collection of smooth 3D curves by fitting cubic splines and optimizing the curve deformation to best approximate the provided line drawings. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system for creating compelling multi-view wire sculptures in both simulation and 3D physical printouts.