bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Vulnerable Groups’ Participation in Medicines Risk Regulation: The Case of the European Medicines Agency’s Public Hearing on Quinolone Antibiotics
Authors: Wood Matthew
Published: March 2023

What is the value of including vulnerable people in risk regulation decision-making in the European Union (EU)? This article examines a distinctive approach employed by the European Medicines Agency (EMA): public hearings integrated within safety reviews of medicinal products. The article presents findings from a case study of the EMA’s public hearing on Quinolone antibiotics, which was included by the EMA as part of a review process that led to significant tightening of regulatory restrictions on the prescribing of this class of antibiotics. The article argues that the public hearing enabled a group of patients who had been victims of a debilitating toxicity syndrome associated with Quinolone antibiotics to criticise the existing scientific evidence base around the safety of Quinolone. Deploying the quantitative Discourse Quality Index and an interpretive analytical approach, the article shows how patients challenged the evidence base in a manner that was efficacious in advancing knowledge in this area of risk regulation. When physically staged alongside interventions by professional experts, the article argues that patients facilitated a process of “negotiation” of expertise, leading professional representatives to propose methods of coordination in order to integrate the patients’ qualitative evidence of their suffering with the toxicity syndrome. Ultimately, this process led to the EMA proposing more stringent future guidelines for the prescription of Quinolone antibiotics in the EU.
Conditioned limit theorems for hyperbolic dynamical systems
Authors: GRAMA ION , QUINT JEAN-FRANÇOIS , XIAO HUI
Published: March 2023

Let
$({\mathbb X}, T)$
be a subshift of finite type equipped with the Gibbs measure
$\nu $
and let f be a real-valued Hölder continuous function on
${\mathbb X}$
such that
$\nu (f) = 0$
. Consider the Birkhoff sums
$S_n f = \sum _{k=0}^{n-1} f \circ T^{k}$
,
$n\geqslant 1$
. For any
$t \in {\mathbb R}$
, denote by
$\tau _t^f$
the first time when the sum
$t+ S_n f$
leaves the positive half-line for some
$n\geqslant 1$
. By analogy with the case of random walks with independent and identically distributed increments, we study the asymptotic as
$ n\to \infty $
of the probabilities
$ \nu (x\in {\mathbb X}: \tau _t^f(x)>n) $
and
$ {\nu (x\in {\mathbb X}: \tau _t^f(x)=n) }$
. We also establish integral and local-type limit theorems for the sum
$t+ S_n f(x)$
conditioned on the set
$\{ x \in {\mathbb X}: \tau _t^f(x)>n \}.$
Cultura afrobarroca mexicana: Soberanía negra en las calles de la Ciudad de México, 1610
Authors: Valerio Miguel A.
Published: March 2023

Este artículo estudia la cultura afrobarroca y la soberanía negra de los afromexicanos a través del análisis de la descripción de dos performances de “reyes negros” que se encuentran en la “Relación de las fiestas insignes que en la Ciudad de México se hicieron en la dedicación de la Iglesia de la Casa Profesa y beatificación de nuestro Santo Padre Ignacio” de 1610. La finalidad de este análisis es triple. Primero se busca distinguir estos reyes negros festivos de los presuntos reyes negros rebeldes. En segundo lugar, y más central al artículo, se busca exponer la cultura afrobarroca que los afrodescendientes desarrollaron en el México colonial, resaltando su agencia cultural, social y política en la formación de esa cultura. Por último, a luz de esa triple agencia, se teoriza sobre su soberanía, o autonomía y libertad en darle el carácter que quisieron a su cultura criolla.
Stability of concordance embeddings
Authors: Goodwillie Thomas , Krannich Manuel , Kupers Alexander
Published: March 2023

We prove a stability theorem for spaces of smooth concordance embeddings. From it we derive various applications to spaces of concordance diffeomorphisms and homeomorphisms.
Estimation of the availability of iron in the school meals of Municipal Centers for Early Childhood Education of a capital city in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Lima Amanda de Araújo , Souza Laudilse de Morais , Bádue Gabriel Soares , da Silva Diniz Alcides , Silva-Neto Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro , Bueno Nassib Bezerra , Barros-Neto João Araújo , Vasconcelos Daniel da Silva , Severino Nathálya da Silva , Peixoto Vanessa Amorim , Vasconcelos Karla Emanuelle Pereira de , Ataíde Terezinha da Rocha
Published: March 2023

The final stage of Fe deficiency is Fe deficiency anaemia, with repercussions for human health, especially in children under 5 years of age. Studies conducted in Brazilian public daycare centres show high prevalence of anaemia. The present study aims to evaluate the availability of Fe in the meals of the Municipal Centers of Early Childhood Education in Maceió. The experimental design comprises selection of algorithms, menu evaluation, calculation of the estimates, comparison between the estimates obtained and the recommendations, and analysis of correlation between meal constituents, and of the concordance between the absorbable Fe estimates. Four algorithms were selected and a monthly menu consisting of 22 d. The correlation analysis showed a moderate positive correlation to animal tissue (AT) v. non-heme iron (r = 0·42; P = 0·04), and negative to AT v. Ca (r = −0·54; P = 0·09) and Ca v. phytates (r = −0·46, P = 0·03). Estimates of absorbable Fe ranged from 0·23 to 0·44 mg/d. The amount of Fe available, unlike the total amount of Fe offered, does not meet the nutritional recommendations on most school days. The Bland–Altman analysis indicated that the Monsen and Balinfty and Rickard et al. showed greater agreement. The results confirm the need to adopt strategies to increase the availability of Fe in school meals.
Stop Ecocide International's Blueprint for Ecocide Is Compromised by Anthropocentrism: A New Architect Must Be Found
Authors: Winter Elliot
Published: March 2023

An expert panel formed by Stop Ecocide International has proposed an amendment to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court which, if adopted, would create a new international crime of ecocide. However, the panel's proposal is compromised throughout by anthropocentrism in the sense that it places too much emphasis on the needs of humans and not enough on the needs of the environment. It is argued here that this anthropocentric dilution of ecocide resulted from the panel's lack of standing, influence and confidence on the international stage. Its weakness pushed it towards a strategy of producing something palatable to states in the hope of securing their support. That strategy will prove futile. The article considers whether other actors, such as the international courts or experts working in different contexts, might be better placed to design the blueprint for ecocide. It concludes, tentatively, that the International Law Commission remains the architect best positioned to set out a bold vision of ecocide.
Patterns of online information use prior to middle-ear surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lodhia C , Jufas N , Patel N
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study aimed to identify what proportion of middle-ear surgery patients utilise the internet for information and to characterise which resources and media formats are used and for what durations.

Method

A single-arm, retrospective cohort study was performed using an online survey of English-speaking patients who underwent middle-ear surgery over a three-year period across two otology practices.

Results

Of 260 invitees, 165 responded. A total of 122 used online resources: 9.8 per cent used online resources for less than 15 minutes, 27.0 per cent used them for 15 to 29 minutes, 27.0 per cent used them for 30 to 59 minutes and 36.1 per cent used them for 60 minutes or more. Of online users with complete responses (108 of 122), the most used resources (used for 12 minutes or more) were: written information (73.1 per cent); surgeons’ websites (55.6 per cent); pictures, diagrams or photos (42.6 per cent); videos (37.0 per cent); and social media (10.2 per cent).

Conclusion

At least 46.9 per cent of patients undergoing elective ear surgery use online resources. Most time is spent using written information, pictures, diagrams, photos and videos. Therefore, it is increasingly essential that accurate and informative resources in these formats are readily available online.
Virtual clinic for hearing loss and non-pulsatile tinnitus: initial experience of 210 cases
Authors: Baron T , Whinney D , Reddy V
Published: March 2023

Objective

Patients with hearing loss and tinnitus face lengthy waits to be seen in the ENT clinic. SHOEBOX Audiometry is an iPad-based, audiometric screening tool. A virtual hearing loss and non-pulsatile tinnitus clinic involving an ENT specialist virtually assessing cases based on the SHOEBOX audiogram, a patient symptom questionnaire and the primary care referral letter were implemented. This service evaluation explored the outcomes of the virtual clinic in reducing the need for a face-to-face ENT appointment.

Method

This was a retrospective service evaluation of the first six months of the virtual hearing loss and non-pulsatile tinnitus clinic.

Results

A total of 210 patients were included: 34.8 per cent (73) were discharged without requiring audiologist assessment or an ENT appointment, 51.9 per cent (109) required formal audiological assessment, 36.7 per cent (77) required imaging and only 13.8 per cent (29) required a face-to-face ENT appointment.

Conclusion

A virtual hearing loss and non-pulsatile tinnitus clinic minimised the number of patients requiring a traditional face-to-face clinic appointment within ENT.
A review and analysis of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in New Zealand
Authors: Garcia-R Juan C. , Hayman David T. S.
Published: March 2023

Cryptosporidium is a leading global cause of diarrhoea with many reported outbreaks related to water and zoonotic transmission. This study summarizes data from Public Health Surveillance reports since 2010 in New Zealand to describe exposures associated with human diarrhoea outbreaks caused by Cryptosporidium. We investigate the species and subtypes of cases involved in some of the outbreaks to elucidate transmission routes and the predominant aetiological agents of cryptosporidiosis. For the period 2010–2017, 318 cryptosporidiosis outbreaks were reported in New Zealand resulting in 1634 cases and 20 hospitalizations. The most important mode of transmission was person-to-person (primary infections and secondary or close contacts infections), relating to 260 outbreaks and 1320 cases, followed by 113 outbreaks associated with animals, resulting in 436 human cases. From 2018 to 2021, there were 37 cryptosporidiosis outbreaks associated with 324 cases. We identified the subtypes by using polymerase chain reaction targeting the gp60 gene and the likelihood of mixed subtype infections with the Tracking of Indels by DEcomposition (TIDE) algorithm. Subtype families Ib and Ig of Cryptosporidium hominis and IIa and IId of Cryptosporidium parvum were found among cases; however, C. hominis subtypes occurred in 8 of the 11 outbreaks reviewed where molecular data were available. Examination of the chromatograms showed no mixed subtype infections in the samples assessed. Subtyping data need to be routinely incorporated into national surveillance programmes to better understand the epidemiology, sources, transmission and extent of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in New Zealand. Our study highlights the value of integrating epidemiological information and molecular typing to investigate and manage clusters of cryptosporidiosis cases.
Between left and right: A discourse network analysis of Universal Basic Income on Dutch Twitter
Authors: Gielens Erwin , Roosma Femke , Achterberg Peter
Published: March 2023

Universal Basic Income (UBI) found its way back to media and policy agendas, presented as an alternative to the social investment policies omnipresent in Europe. In spite of the apparent appeal, however, UBI faces a discursive and political stalemate that seems hard to overcome. In an attempt to understand this tension, we explore the discursive coalitions surrounding UBI in a debate on Dutch Twitter. We use discourse network analysis to (a) cluster discussants endorsing similar positions and (b) see which political elites endorse these positions. We find that the known schism between the liberal and egalitarian interpretations of UBI is driven by ambivalence towards its redistributive implications. Moreover, we observe a turn towards social investment frames amongst UBI advocates, who centrally argue that UBI is activating and deregulating social security. This change in framing, however, seems to have little visible impact on elite coalition formation. Green-left elites remain overrepresented amongst proponents, while liberal and conservatives are opposed, and the socialist party remains divided on the issue. Thus, while the implementation of a ‘full’ UBI seems blocked by redistributive concerns, the social investment turn may be the political compromise that explains the popular appeal and political success of UBI inspired experiments.
Effects of playing the video game Her Story on multiple dimensions of creativity in EFL writing – An international replication study
Authors: Huertas-Abril Cristina A. , Muszyńska Barbara
Published: March 2023

This international replication study demonstrates how playing a video game is related to multiple dimensions of creativity in foreign language writing. In this research project, university students were asked to interact with a commercial murder mystery video game, Her Story, and produce a piece of creative writing, which was a replication with a new data collection of the original study by Lee (2019). The reason for using this digital game was to provide an authentic learning opportunity for students and analyze whether digital game-based learning facilitates creativity in EFL writing. This replication, involving 25 university students from Poland and 25 university students from Spain, is a media transfer study based on the students transforming one media format (video game) into another (writing). The results demonstrate that the use of a video game with an ambiguous storyline prompts discovery (specific curiosity) and could be the determining factor for producing original, quality ideas in writing even when holding a negative view of one’s creativity. The findings also indicate that the choice of genre and a viewpoint in writing may influence the level of elaboration in the texts produced by students.
Do Queer Theory and Victorian Studies Still Have Anything to Learn from Each Other?
Authors: Friedman Dustin
Published: March 2023

This essay argues that an antiracist, anticolonialist Victorian studies must remain open to universalizing claims of the kind found in early works of queer theory, particularly Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick's Epistemology of the Closet (1990). Although recent work in queer studies (as well as literary studies generally) finds inspiration in Sedgwick's late-career turn to the more modest notion of “reparative reading,” strong knowledge claims are necessary to disrupt the colonial matrix of power that systematically renders both racism and heteronormativity invisible. Rereading Epistemology in light of postcolonial theories of comparison, I argue that, although Sedgwick does not address how the late Victorian “crisis of homo/heterosexual definition” takes place within the overall colonial system of power, she nevertheless inhabits a critical position remarkably similar to what Walter Mignolo calls “the border epistemology” of “decolonial thinking.” This entails making universalizing claims that promote the emancipation of disenfranchised groups but also rejecting the imperialist fantasy of critical neutrality in favor of political commitment and historical self-awareness. I end by putting the Sedgwick of Epistemology in dialogue with critical race theorist Sylvia Wynter to suggest how scholars might integrate their respective critical approaches by analyzing the figure of “the human” in Victorian literature and culture.
Victorians in Dislocation: Migration and Fugitive Place
Authors: McDonagh Josephine
Published: March 2023

Population mobility is an analytic category through which we can reconsider nineteenth-century literature and its locations, and not just through an imperial lens. If we look beyond the geographical boundaries of empire, we get a clearer sense of the stakes of Victorian place-making. In this essay I briefly examine a case of two hundred migrants from Scotland to Venezuela in the 1820s as a model for a different kind of analysis that thinks about the impermanent, or fugitive, elements of migration and the ways these intersect with literary study.
Voluntary enslavement in an Abbasid-era papyrus letter
Authors: Bruning Jelle
Published: March 2023

Central to this article is an Arabic letter written on papyrus in an Egyptian prison in the late ninth or early tenth centuryce. The author complains that he and his companions are being kept in terrible conditions and that they have received insufficient support from outside prison. Interestingly, he indicates that there is a strong inclination among the group to offer themselves as slaves in order to find relief from their crushing living conditions. By doing so, they would have transgressed Islamic law of that time, which forbade the enslavement of free inhabitants of the Realm of Islam. The letter is a unique source for the social history of slavery, especially self-enslavement, in Abbasid society. This article presents, translates, and annotates this letter and offers a detailed study of its contents.
Design and analysis of single layer Ku/K band integrated element reflectarray antenna
Authors: Narayanasamy Kavitha , Alsath Mohammed Gulam Nabi , Savarimuthu Kirubaveni
Published: March 2023

A linearly polarized dual band reflectarray (RA) antenna designed, fabricated, and tested to operate in the Ku and K band frequencies is reported in this paper. The 24 × 24 cm2 size RA is developed using 1058 integrated elements etched over a 0.275 mm thick Rogers RT5870 substrate. The integrated elements include concentric circular rings distributed co-centric with the source and the Malta cross elements distributed offset from the source. The distribution of these elements is done based on the 590 and 360° phase change observed at 14.25 (Ku) and 22.5 (K) GHz by varying the size of the circular rings and the Malta cross respectively. The designed RA offers a simulated gain of 28.62 dBi at 14.25 GHz and 26.92 dBi at 22.5 GHz. These results are validated experimentally using the fabricated prototype. A measured peak gain of 28 and 26.4 dBi are observed with sidelobe levels (SLL) of −21 and −11 dB at 14.25 and 22.5 GHz respectively. The cross-polarization levels measured at the resonant frequencies are <−31 and <−28 dB. The proposed dual-band RA covers the entire Ku band uplink frequencies utilized for fixed satellite services and the K band downlink frequencies useful for earth exploration satellite services.
Improving the Estimation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Lakes and Reservoirs Using a Stacked Approach
Authors: Ma Chunzi , Zhang Hanxiao , Huo Shouliang , Li Wenpan , Liu Yong , Xiao Zhe , Xu Yunfeng , Wu Fengchang
Published: March 2023

A comprehensive and accurate estimation of water quality in lakes and reservoirs is vital for the protection of the aquatic biota. Research on the spatiotemporal variations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in lacustrine systems is typically plagued, however, by a lack of long‐term, spatially continuous monitoring data. This paper assembled a 30‐year (1989–2018) data set of water quality in 586 lakes and reservoirs in China, along with basin characteristics and climate conditions, forming the comprehensive data set available. These data were then used in a stacking model (based on random forest, support vector regression, and K‐nearest neighbor models) to identify the relationships between nutrient concentrations and their influencing factors, including net anthropogenic N/P inputs, geographical position, climate, land use pattern, and soil type. The stacking models were developed using data collected over multiple time scales (annual, seasonal, and monthly), which were then applied to reconstruct TN and TP concentrations during the periods of 1980–2018 and 2020s–2050s under the climate scenarios of RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The accuracy of the stacking models was 99.1% and 98.3% for TN and TP concentrations using ensembled data, respectively. The interannual variations in TN and TP contents in the 586 lakes and reservoirs during 1980–2018 exhibited a non‐monotonic pattern with a peak of 1.12 and 0.049 mg/L in 2007, respectively. This study demonstrates that stacking machine learning models represent a new effective approach for estimating nutrient concentrations in unmonitored lakes and reservoirs across broad spatiotemporal scales.
Post‐Wildfire Stability of Unsaturated Hillslopes Against Rainfall‐Triggered Landslides
Authors: Abdollahi Masood , Vahedifard Farshid , Tracy Fred T.
Published: March 2023

Wildfire records demonstrate worsening patterns coupled with the spread to higher altitudes in several regions, raising the risk of post‐wildfire ground failures. This study investigates the post‐wildfire stability of unsaturated hillslopes against rainfall‐triggered shallow landslides. We developed a new physics‐based analytical framework incorporating wildfire‐induced changes in soil properties and near‐surface processes affecting the hillslope stability. A coupled hydromechanical infiltration model is integrated into an infinite slope stability analysis to simulate temporal changes in the depth profiles of soil water content, pressure head, and the resulting factor of safety (F.S.) of a vegetated slope. We consider the antecedent conditions of soil and vegetation cover, including the recovery phase after the fire, wildfire‐induced alterations in transpiration, and time‐varying infiltration rates. The model is verified against numerical simulations and employed in parametric studies evaluating the effects of wildfire severity and rainfall intensity‐duration. For the cases examined, it was shown that wildfire could reduce the F.S. of slopes by 25%. As a case study, the model successfully captured shallow rainfall‐triggered landslides that occurred in the Las Lomas watershed in California, USA, in 2019, 3 years after the Fish Fire burned the area. The proposed model uses measurable hillslope and wildfire characteristics and can be employed to evaluate the risk of shallow landslides in wildfire‐prone areas.
The Effect of the Garnet Content on Deformation Mechanisms and Weakening of Eclogite: Insights From Deformation Experiments and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Rogowitz Anna , Thielmann Marcel , Kraus Katrin , Grasemann Bernhard , Renner Jörg
Published: March 2023

We performed deformation experiments on omphacite‐garnet aggregates at a temperature of 1000°C, a confining pressure of 2.5 GPa, and a strain rate of 3 × 10−6 s−1 and complemented them by numerical simulations to gain insight into the role of garnet fraction for the deformation behavior of dry eclogite, with a focus on strain weakening mechanisms. We determined the spatial and temporal evolution of strain and strain rate by basing numerical simulations on experimentally derived microstructures, and thereby identified characteristic deformation mechanisms. Pure omphacite and garnet aggregates deform by two different mechanisms. Internally strained clasts and low‐angle grain boundaries indicate crystal plasticity for omphacitite; the fracture dominated fabric of garnetite documents brittle deformation. Electron channeling contrast imaging, however, revealed low‐angle grain boundaries and free dislocations in garnet crystals, suggesting that minor crystal plasticity accompanies the brittle failure. Eclogitic aggregates show varying deformation behavior between the two end‐members shifting from crystal plastic toward brittle deformation with increasing garnet content. All samples exhibit strain weakening. The intensity of weakening shows a positive correlation with the garnet content. Our combined experimental, numerical, and microstructural investigations suggest that the majority of strain weakening is associated with crystal plastic processes in omphacite. Numerical simulations and experiments show that a garnet content above 25% enhances the activity of crystal plastic processes in omphacite and results in strain localization, which subsequently weakens the eclogite.
Abyssal Circulation From the Yap‐Mariana Junction to the Northern Philippine Basin
Authors: Wang Jianing , Wang Fan , Lu Youyu , Zhang Hang , Ma Qiang , Pratt Larry J. , Zhang Zhixiang
Published: March 2023

The lower deep branch of the Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation (L‐PMOC) is a crucial element of the ocean's climate and biogeochemical systems through carrying the Lower Circumpolar Water (LCPW). For the first time, the pathway and volume transport of L‐PMOC from the Yap‐Mariana Junction (YMJ) to the Northern Philippine Basin (NPB) are revealed by a six‐mooring array measurement over 2019–2021. The L‐PMOC seasonally intrudes into the western Pacific at the YMJ. Then, it is directed into the West Mariana Basin (WMB) through YMJ‐Northern Channel with 1.41 ± 1.43/0.26 (mean ± standard deviation/total rms error) Sv, and further into the NPB through Kyushu‐Palau Ridge (KPR) Channel with 0.75 ± 0.53/0.18 Sv. Their difference 0.65 ± 1.35/0.28 Sv is the net lateral flux of LCPW into the WMB over the 2.5 yr. Analyses of a data‐assimilative ocean model solution suggest that the L‐PMOC transports through the deep channels are consistent with deep pressure gradients forced mainly by upper ocean processes.
Impact of Thermally Forced Circulations on the Diurnal Cycle of Summer Precipitation Over the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Yuan Huiling , Wang Xiaokang , Cui Chunguang , Wang Xiaofang
Published: March 2023

The summer precipitation over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP) exhibits significant diurnal variability, with a notable peak before midnight. This study investigates how thermally forced circulations regulate the diurnal precipitation over the SETP, using surface rain‐gauge observations and high‐resolution reanalysis data from June to August during 2015–2019. Water vapor supply and precipitation onset in the afternoon are associated with the upslope winds and upward motions of the mountain–plains solenoid (MPS) between the SETP and nearby lowlands (the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau). After sunset, the sustained easterly and stronger southerly winds below 500 hPa transport abundant moisture from the rainy lowlands to the SETP. The findings suggest that these winds are mainly due to the larger zonal continental‐scale thermally forced circulation combined with the meridional large‐scale MPS before midnight and the meridional small‐scale MPS after midnight.
Improving Forecasting Ability of GITM Using Data‐Driven Model Refinement
Authors: Ponder Brandon M. , Ridley Aaron J. , Goel Ankit , Bernstein D. S.
Published: March 2023

At altitudes below about 600 km, satellite drag is one of the most important and variable forces acting on a satellite. Neutral mass density predictions in the upper atmosphere are therefore critical for (a) designing satellites; (b) performing adjustments to stay in an intended orbit; and (c) collision avoidance maneuver planning. Density predictions have a great deal of uncertainty, including model biases and model misrepresentation of the atmospheric response to energy input. These may stem from inaccurate approximations of terms in the Navier‐Stokes equations, unmodeled physics, incorrect boundary conditions, or incorrect parameterizations. Two commonly parameterized source terms are the thermal conduction and eddy diffusion. Both are critical components in the transfer of the heat in the thermosphere. Determining how well the major constituents (N2, O2, and O) are as heat conductors will have effects on the temperature and mass density changes from a heat source. This work shows the effectiveness of using the retrospective cost model refinement (RCMR) technique at removing model bias caused by different sources within the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model. Numerical experiments, Challenging Minisatellite Payload and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data during real events are used to show that RCMR can compensate for model bias caused by both inaccurate parameterizations and drivers. RCMR is used to show that eliminating model bias before a storm allows for more accurate predictions throughout the storm.
Expanding the Australian Newborn Blood Spot Screening Program using genomic sequencing: do we want it and are we ready?
Authors: White Stephanie , Mossfield Tamara , Fleming Jane , Barlow-Stewart Kristine , Ghedia Sondhya , Dickson Rebecca , Richards Fiona , Bombard Yvonne , Wiley Veronica
Published: March 2023

Since the introduction of genome sequencing in medicine, the factors involved in deciding how to integrate this technology into population screening programs such as Newborn Screening (NBS) have been widely debated. In Australia, participation in NBS is not mandatory, but over 99.9% of parents elect to uptake this screening. Gauging stakeholder attitudes towards potential changes to NBS is vital in maintaining this high participation rate. The current study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Australian parents and health professionals to the incorporation of genomic sequencing into NBS programs. Participants were surveyed online in 2016 using surveys adapted from previous studies. The majority of parents (90%) self-reported some knowledge of NBS, with 77% expressing an interest in NBS using the new technology. This was significantly lower than those who would utilise NBS using current technologies (99%). Although, many health professionals (62%) felt that new technologies should currently not be used as an adjunct to NBS, 79% foresaw the use of genomic sequencing in NBS by 2026. However, for genomic sequencing to be considered, practical and technical challenges as well as parent information needs were identified including the need for accurate interpretation of data; pre-and post-test counselling; and appropriate parental consent and opt-out process. Therefore, although some support for implementing genomic sequencing into Australian NBS does exist, there is a need for further investigation into the ethical, social, legal and practical implications of introducing this new technology as a replacement to current NBS methods.
A fault diagnosis method for building electrical systems based on the combination of variational modal decomposition and new mutual dimensionless
Authors: Xiong Jianbin , Qian Wenbo , Cen Jian , Li Jianxin , Liu Jie , Tang Liaohao
Published: March 2023

The fault diagnosis of building electrical systems are of great significance to the safe and stable operation of modern intelligent buildings. In this paper, it has many problems, such as various fault types, inconspicuous fault characteristics, uncertainty of fault type and mode, irregularity, unstable signal, large gap between fault data classes, small gap between classes and nonlinearity, etc. A method of building electrical system fault diagnosis based on the combination of variational mode decomposition and mutual dimensionless indictor (VMD-MDI) and quantum genetic algorithm-support vector machine (QGA-SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the method decomposes the original signal through variational modal decomposition to obtain the optimal number of Intrinsic Mode Function(IMF) containing fault feature information. Secondly, extracts the mutual dimensionless indicator for each IMF. Thirdly, the optimal penalty coefficient C of the support vector machine and the parameter gamma ($$\gamma$$
γ
) in the radial basis kernel function are selected by the quantum genetic algorithm. Finally, SVM optimized by the QGA is used to identify and classify the faults. By applying the proposed method to the experimental platform data of building electrical system, and compared with the traditional feature extraction method Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Singular Value Decomposition(SVD), Local Mean Decomposition(LMD). And compared with traditional SVM, Genetic Algorithm optimized Support Vector Machine (GA-SVM), One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) for fault classification methods. The experimental results show that the method has better effect and higher accuracy in fault diagnosis and classification of building electrical system. Its average test accuracy can reach 91.67$$\%$$
%
.
Pigmented Maize: Nutritional Properties and Bioactive Profile
Authors: Dudeja Isha , Gupta Muskan , Kaur Mankoo Ramandeep , Singh Arashdeep
Published: March 2023

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the queen of cereals and is the third largest produced and consumed grain in the world, after rice and wheat. Scientific studies have concentrated on pigmented maize in recent decades, and breeding procedures have been identified to raise the anthocyanin content in unpigmented types using alternative strategies. Pigmented (pink, red, purple, blue, and black) maize has attracted much attention for its health-beneficial properties, mainly due to bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, and its carotenoid composition, which are also responsible for its pigmentation. The pigmentation of maize is also attributed to the prevalence of many secondary metabolites such as polyphenolics, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Maize cells have a wide variety of pigments, ranging from yellow-orange to dark purple-blue, as well as white and creamy pigments, caused by the different expressions of these pigments. Pigments are located in the dense pericarp or aleurone regions of the kernels. Processing of pigmented maize such as nixtamalization, cooking, baking, germination, extrusion, etc. to prepare various foods significantly modulated its bioactive compounds, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activities. The utilization of pigmented maize in different products not only enhances their nutritional and bioactive potential, but also helps to regulate starch digestibility by increasing the contents of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch, thus lowering the glycemic index of the products.
Pigmented Barley: Phytochemical Composition, β-Glucan Content, and Applications
Authors: Yadav Roshanlal , Guleria Prixit , Kumar Ashwani
Published: March 2023

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important and ancient cereal crop, which has largely evolved from food grain to a feed and malting grain. The nutritional composition can be increased in barley grain by introducing a specific gene into the breeding grain that can be adapted explicitly for food use. With this breeding process, the barley cultivars can be developed as colored kernels, due to many phytochemical constituents such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other phytochemical compounds that are synthesized in barley through secondary metabolism. These phenolic compounds are also considered potent antioxidants, free radical scavengers, metal chelators, and inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Potential health benefits, such as the ability to act as antioxidants, immune enhancers, and inhibitors of premalignant lesions, have been demonstrated for carotenoids and phenolics. Additionally, the grain color of barley can vary from light yellow to purple, blue, black, and violet, which is mainly caused by the level of anthocyanins in the pericarp and aleurone layer. The presence of β-glucan in whole barley grain has been largely credited for good human health and nutritional applications. β-Glucan reduces hypertension and diabetes by regulating blood cholesterol and glucose levels, reducing the risk of ischemic heart disease, coronary heart disease, and colon cancer.
Pigmented Cereals: Key Influencing Factors
Authors: Swain Sneha , Karthika Parvathy K. R. , Paramasivan Balasubramanian , Prasath Arun , Pandiselvam R.
Published: March 2023

As plants are primary producers, they play a pivotal role in supporting every living creature on Earth. Cereal grains are significant in the human diet due to their high-yielding capacity per hectare and highly nutritious content. Biotechnological production of pigmented cereals and their consumption are emerging thanks to health-promoting activities including healthy eating habits and lifestyle choices. Although the cereal processing industry is evolving, cereals used in healthy food production are limited by their technological challenges in harnessing the nutritional properties. Therefore, the development of innovative biotechnologies is essential to upgrade these cereal grains, potentially leading to the design of novel and commercially competitive functional foods. This chapter outlines the three major (wheat, maize and rice) and five minor cereal crops and their contribution to world nutrition. Pigments are treated as bioactive constituents, as they provide added characteristics apart from colour, much emphasis is given to the basic chemical and biochemical attributes. Further, the necessary role of biotechnological production of pigmented cereals and the strategies involved were discussed. Thus, in this chapter, an attempt is made to systematically present the advantages and limitations of the biotechnological production of pigmented cereals in relation to their physicochemical properties, reactivity, and bioactivity.
Partial quaternization promoted metal–organic frameworks for efficient photocatalytic removal of chromium(vi)
Authors: Tang Xiaocong , Wu Xu , Wu Hao , Zhang Xinyu , Feng Mingbao , Ouyang Tong , Wang Huanting , Ou Ranwen
Published: March 2023

UiO-66-NH2 is partially quaternized to produce UiO-66-N(CH3)3+, whose photocatalytic activity for Cr(vi) reduction is greatly boosted by the synergy of LLCT and LMCT path. This facile and scalable one-step strategy demonstrates general applicability.
Altered electronic structure of trimetallic FeNiCo-MOF nanosheets for efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Li Wenqiang , Zhang Heng , Zhang Ka , Cheng Zezhong , Chen Haipeng , Tan Geng , Feng Xun , Wang Liya , Mu Shichun
Published: March 2023

The charge density of Co atoms in Co-MOFs is optimized by bimetallic (Fe, Ni) atom substitution, and the reconstructed Co(Ni)OOH on FeNiCo-MOF as the real active site lowers the energy barrier of rate-determining step, conducive to OER processes.
Lipid droplet targeting-guided hypoxic photodynamic therapy with curcumin analogs
Authors: Li Xuewei , Liu Weimin , Zheng Xiuli , Jiang Meiyu , Guo Yimin , Sha Jie , Wu Jiasheng , Ren Haohui , Gao Honglei , Wang Shuai , Wang Pengfei
Published: March 2023

Two LD-targeting photosensitizers (CCOH and CCN) were designed and synthesized by introducing coumarin into the curcumin structure, which could generate reactive oxygen species in type I and II synergy upon light irradiation.
Systematic investigation of the mechanical, electronic, and interfacial properties of high mobility monolayer InAs from first-principles calculations
Authors: Yu Wenjing , Li Jingzhen , Wu Yi , Lu Jing , Zhang Yongzhe
Published: March 2023

In this work, we chose 2D monolayer InAs as a channel material and investigated the mechanical and electrical properties and the interfacial properties of high-mobility ML InAs in contact with common metals from first-principles calculations.
Investigation on the properties and structures of resveratrol-derived epoxy thermosets cured with an active ester
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Liu Xiaohong , Cui Xiaohua , Qin Jingjing , Wu Mengqin , Fu Lifu , Shi Min , Wang Dingsong , Liang Liyan
Published: March 2023

In this work, two resveratrol-derived epoxy thermosets (REP/TAR and REP/TTR) were prepared, and their cross-linked structure and thermal degradation were analyzed.
Lipid-linked nucleoside triphosphates for enzymatic synthesis of hydrophobic oligonucleotides with enhanced membrane anchoring efficiency
Authors: Kodr David , Kužmová Erika , Pohl Radek , Kraus Tomáš , Hocek Michal
Published: March 2023

New lipid-linked 2′-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates were synthesized and used for enzymatic construction of various lipid–oligonucleotide conjugates capable of efficient anchoring to plasma membranes.
Synthesis of functionalized 2,3-diaminopropionates and their potential for directed monobactam biosynthesis
Authors: Lichstrahl Michael S. , Kahlert Lukas , Li Rongfeng , Zandi Trevor A. , Yang Jerry , Townsend Craig. A.
Published: March 2023

A small library of stereochemically-defined α,β-diamino acids has been prepared to generate non-native monobactams through fermentation, highlighting the potential of this platform for directed biosynthesis.
Construction of multiple modes using gold nanoparticles as probes for the rapid detection of fenpyroximate
Authors: Yan Yumei , Liu Zhili , Zhou Wenfeng , Gao Haixiang , Lu Runhua
Published: March 2023

Three patterns for the detection of fenpyroximate based on the response signal of gold nanoparticles.
Variable structure diversification by multicatalysis: the case of alcohols
Authors: Lainer Bruno , Das Kuhali , Dydio Paweł
Published: March 2023

Given that alcohol moieties are present in a great diversity of valuable fine chemicals from nature and synthesis, methods enabling their structure diversification are highly sought after.
Dangling carboxylic-acid functionality in a fish-bone-shaped 2D framework as a hydrogen-bond-donating catalyst in Friedel–Crafts alkylation
Authors: Seal Nilanjan , Neogi Subhadip
Published: March 2023

A fish-bone-shaped 2D MOF with oppositely faced pendent –COOH groups demonstrates the first-ever carboxylic-acid-driven Friedel–Crafts alkylation where control experiments validate two-point H-bonding.
The dynamical temporal behaviors of guanine–cytosine coherent charge transfer
Authors: Zhu Lixia , Zhou Qiao , Wan Yongfeng , Li Qi , Wan Yu , Yin Hang , Shi Ying
Published: March 2023

The vibrational coupling of the nucleus and electrons induces guanine–cytosine coherent charge transfer.
Coordination and thermodynamic properties of aqueous protactinium(v) by first-principle calculations
Authors: Oher Hanna , Delafoulhouze Jérémy , Renault Eric , Vallet Valérie , Maurice Rémi
Published: March 2023

Protactinium (Z = 91) is a very rare actinide with peculiar physico-chemical properties.
Binding of berberine derivates to G-quadruplex: insight from a computational study
Authors: Li Mengxin , Cong Yalong , Qi Yifei , Zhang John Z. H.
Published: March 2023

Human telomerase exhibits significant activity in cancer cells relative to normal cells, which contributes to the immortal proliferation of cancer cells.
High-purity lignin from selective biomass fractionation with ternary deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Ee Liang Ying , Tan Yong Kuok , Miao Jiapei , Chu Hui Ting , Li Sam Fong Yau
Published: March 2023

Green and recyclable ternary deep eutectic solvent was developed to selectively extract lignin of high purity, desirable molecular weight and monomeric yield for applications in reinforcement materials and bio-oil was produced from biomass.
Intracluster ligand rearrangement: an NMR-based thermodynamic study
Authors: Rosa-Gastaldo Daniele , Pupier Marion , Meshvildishvili Giorgi , Viger-Gravel Jasmine , Bürgi Thomas
Published: March 2023

Combining variable-temperature NMR experiments and dynamic-NMR simulations, we extract the thermodynamic activation parameters of a new exchange reaction on atomically precise metal nanoclusters: the intracluster ligand rearrangement reaction (LRR).
Molecular design of a highly matched and bonded interface achieves enhanced thermal boundary conductance
Authors: Wang Shuting , Ren LinLin , Han Meng , Zhou Wei , Wong Chunyu , Bai Xue , Sun Rong , Zeng Xiaoliang
Published: March 2023

Thermal boundary conductance of copolymer of polyurethane and thioctic acid with aluminum (Al) interface shows a remarkable increase 2–5 times than that of traditional polymers/Al interfaces owing to the highly matched and bonded interface.
A microwave-assisted intramolecular aminopalladation-triggered domino sequence: an atom economical route to 5,10-dihydroindeno[1,2-b]indoles
Authors: Jandial Tanvi , Gupta Anish , Jan Gowsia , Karuppasamy Muthu , Nagarajan Subbiah , Maheswari C. Uma , Sridharan Vellaisamy
Published: March 2023

A microwave-assisted, aminopalladation-initiated domino reaction of 2-alkynylanilines having a pendant α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety was established for the synthesis of 5,10-dihydroindeno[1,2-b]indoles.
Controlled and effective ring-opening (co)polymerization of rac-lactide, ε-caprolactone and ε-decalactone by β-pyrimidyl enolate aluminum complexes
Authors: Kamavichanurat Sirawan , Jampakaew Kunanon , Hormnirun Pimpa
Published: March 2023

A series of β-pyrimidyl enolate aluminum complexes (1–6) were found to promote controlled and living ROP of rac-LA, ε-CL, and ε-DL. Six well-defined diblock copolymers and the perfect random copolymer poly(l-LA-r-CL) were successfully synthesized.
Defect chemistry and ion transport in low-dimensional-networked Li-rich anti-perovskites as solid electrolytes for solid-state batteries
Authors: Coutinho Dutra Ana Carolina , Rudman George E. , Johnston Karen E. , Dawson James A.
Published: March 2023

This work reveals the relationships between defects, Li-ion dynamics and dimensionality in anti-perovskite solid electrolytes. Significant increases in defect concentrations and ion transport are observed with decreasing dimensionality from 3D to 0D.
Voice Onset Time in Children With and Without Vocal Fold Nodules
Authors: Colletti Lauren , Heller Murray Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Voice onset time (VOT) of voiceless consonants provides information on the coordination of the vocal and articulatory systems. This study examined whether vocal−articulatory coordination is affected by the presence of vocal fold nodules (VFNs) in children.

Method:

The voices of children with VFNs (6–12 years) and age- and gender-matched vocally healthy controls were examined. VOT was calculated as the time between the voiceless stop consonant burst and the vocal onset of the vowel. Measures of the average VOT and VOT variability, defined as the coefficient of variation, were calculated. The acoustic measure of dysphonia, cepstral peak prominence (CPP), was also calculated. CPP provides information about the overall periodicity of the signal, with more dysphonic voices having lower CPP values.

Results:

There were no significant differences in either average VOT or VOT variability between the VFN and control groups. VOT variability and average VOT were both significantly predicted by the interaction between Group and CPP. There was a significant negative correlation between CPP and VOT variability in the VFN group, but no significant relationship was found in the control group.

Conclusions:

Unlike previous studies with adults, there were no group differences in average VOT or VOT variability in this study. However, children with VFNs who were more dysphonic had increased VOT variability, suggestive of a relationship between dysphonia severity and control of vocal onset during speech production.