bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Problem Based Learning Berbasis Stem pada Materi Alat Optik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Rohmah Hanifah Nur , Suherman Andri , Utami Indri Sari
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan berpikir kritis pada peserta didik dengan menggunakan penerapan problem based learning berbasis STEM dan untuk mengetahui tanggapan peserta didik terhadap Problem Based Learning berbasis STEM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pre Eksperimental Design, dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest and Posttest. Penentuan sampel yang akan digunakan yaitu dengan purposive sampling pada kelas X MIA 1 di MA Syekh Mubarok Kabupaten Tangerang dengan 33 peserta didik. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunkan adalah dengan tes sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran (pretest dan posttest). Data dianalisis dengan uji n-gain untuk melihat peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dan dengan skala likert untuk mengetahui tanggapan peserta didik terkait problem based learning berbasis STEM. Berdasarkan hasil uji n-gain pada peserta didik kelas X MIA 1 diperoleh rata-rata peningkatan nilai pretest dan posttest sebanyak 22,42%, dan diperoleh nilai n-gain sebesar 0,25 dalam kategori rendah. Berdasarkan hasil skala likert diperoleh tanggapan yang rata-rata positif sejumlah 76,70%, dengan nilai 61,36 termasuk kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model problem based learning berbasis STEM dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan mendapat respon positif oleh peserta didik.Kata kunci: Kemampuan berpikir kritis, PBL, STEM
Implementasi Problem Based Instruction Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Aji Nusa Suindrata
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan model pembelajaran problem based instruction dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar fisika pada peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini menggunakan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart dua siklus yang telah dimodifikasi. Masing-masing siklus terdiri atas empat tahap yakni: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Dalam setiap siklus tindakan diberikan dalam dua kali pembelajaran tatap muka dan sekali pengambilan data. Tindakan diberikan pada peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang terdiri atas 32 peserta didik yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Februari 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi model pembelajaran problem based instruction dalam pembelajaran fisika pada materi persamaan gelombang dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik dengan rerata skor sebesar 3,97 serta hasil belajar fisika tentang dengan tingkat ketuntasan 81% pada KKM 76.Kata Kunci: Problem Based Instruction, Motivasi Belajar, Hasil Belajar
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Aktif Tipe Card sort Dengan Simulasi PhET Pada Materi Lensa Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa
Authors: Subhan Amin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Aktif Tipe Card sort Dengan Simulasi PhET Pada Materi Lensa Dapat Meningkatkan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Wathoniyah Islamiyah Karangduwur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  penelitian eksperimen pre eksperimen disign dengan jenis one shot case study. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif, yakni dengan mendeskripsikan skor Sikap ilmiah siswa pada mata pelajaran Fisika, dan minat siswa serta respon siswa dengan menggunakan instrumen angket. Uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data uji t-test sample tunggal untuk menguji hipotesis. Uji dilakukan pada kelas eksperimen dan  kelas kotrol  dengan nilai target rata-rata nilai sikap ilmiah sebesar 2,5. Hasil perhitungan menghasilkan nilai sikap ilmiah rata-rata 2,9 pada kelas eksperimen dan rata-rata 1,9 pada kelas kontrol sehingga dilakukan uji komparasi untuk melihat pengaruh metode terhadap sikap ilmiah siswa menghasilkan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,00 atau kurang dari 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh signifikan metode yang diterapkan pada kelas kontrol.Kata kunci: Card Soet, Sikap Ilmiah, Ph ET.
Meta Analisis Pengaruh Model Project based Learning dalam Variasi Bahan Ajar Fisika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA/SMK
Authors: Izzah Nurul , Asrizal Asrizal , Mufit Fatni
Published: October 2021

Salah satu model pembelajaran aktif dalam pelajaran fisika yang sesuai dengan tuntutan K13 adalah Project based Learning. Model PjBL dapat diintegrasikan dalam suatu bahan ajar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah meta analisis yang mengukur pengaruh model PjBL dalam variasi bahan ajar fisika terhadap hasil belajar siswa SMA/SMK. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh bahan ajar PjBL yang dikategorikan berdasarkan jenis bahan ajar, SMA atau SMK, jenjang kelas dan aspek hasil belajar. Data diperoleh dari 12 artikel terkait topik penelitian. Analisis besar pengaruh PjBL dalam variasi bahan ajar diukur berdasarkan effect size. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model PjBL paling efektif diintegrasikan dalam bahan ajar E-LKS di SMK pada jenjang kelas XI. Model PjBL dalam variasi bahan ajar efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa meliputi aspek pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap.Kata kunci: Project based Learning, Bahan Ajar, Fisika
Healthcare-associated foodborne outbreaks in high-income countries: a literature review and surveillance study, 16 OECD countries, 2001 to 2019*
Authors: Boone Idesbald , Rosner Bettina , Lachmann Raskit , D'Errico Michele Luca , Iannetti Luigi , Van der Stede Yves , Boelaert Frank , Ethelberg Steen , Eckmanns Tim , Stark Klaus , Haller Sebastian , Wilking Hendrik
Published: October 2021

Background

Healthcare-associated foodborne outbreaks (HA-FBO) may have severe consequences, especially in vulnerable groups.

Aim

The aim was to describe the current state of HA-FBO and propose public health recommendations for prevention.

Methods

We searched PubMed, the Outbreak Database (Charité, University Medicine Berlin), and hand-searched reference lists for HA-FBO with outbreak onset between 2001 and 2018 from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and HA-FBO (2012–2018) from the German surveillance system. Additionally, data from the European Food Safety Authority were analysed.

Results

The literature search retrieved 57 HA-FBO from 16 OECD countries, primarily in the US (n = 11), Germany (n = 11) and the United Kingdom (n = 9). In addition, 28 HA-FBO were retrieved from the German surveillance system. Based on the number of outbreaks, the top three pathogens associated with the overall 85 HA-FBO wereSalmonella(n = 24), norovirus (n = 22) andListeria monocytogenes(n = 19). Based on the number of deaths,L. monocytogeneswas the main pathogen causing HA-FBO. Frequently reported implicated foods were ‘mixed foods’ (n = 16), ‘vegetables and fruits’ (n = 15) and ‘meat and meat products’ (n = 10). Consumption of high-risk food by vulnerable patients, inadequate time-temperature control, insufficient kitchen hygiene and food hygiene and carriers of pathogens among food handlers were reported as reasons for HA-FBO.

Conclusion

To prevent HA-FBO, the supply of high-risk food to vulnerable people should be avoided. Well working outbreak surveillance facilitates early detection and requires close interdisciplinary collaboration and exchange of information between hospitals, food safety and public health authorities.
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant: second interim results of a living systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January to 25 August 2021
Authors: Harder Thomas , Külper-Schiek Wiebe , Reda Sarah , Treskova-Schwarzbach Marina , Koch Judith , Vygen-Bonnet Sabine , Wichmann Ole
Published: October 2021

The Delta variant has become the dominant strain of SARS-CoV-2. We summarised the evidence on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) identified in 17 studies that investigated VE against different endpoints. Pooled VE was 63.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 40.9–76.9) against asymptomatic infection, 75.7% (95% CI: 69.3–80.8) against symptomatic infection and 90.9% (95% CI: 84.5–94.7) against hospitalisation. Compared with the Alpha variant, VE against mild outcomes was reduced by 10–20%, but fully maintained against severe COVID-19.
A comparative analysis of the expressions of giving and receiving in the tatar and japanese languages
Authors: Khisamova Venera Nafikovna , Khaliullina Alina Airatovna , Magdeev Rafik Rashitovich
Published: October 2021

Comparing two languages may lead to the results, which would help to understand both of the languages being under the analysis deeper, and it may be helpful to see the language from a new side. The results which are achieved by the comparative method, showing common features of the languages being compared, make the process of studying a foreign language easier. As the Tatar speaking audience does not commonly study Japanese language, studying it through the mother language may make the process of studying and acquisition less difficult. Being the representatives of agglutinative languages, the Tatar and the Japanese have common features that have to be studied by the comparative linguistics. This article deals with the constructions, which consist of verbal adverb and modal verb in Tatar and Japanese languages whose meaning is to give/to receive. Such constructions are analyzed and compared in terms of their grammatical form, semantics and considered through the lens of cultural linguistics.
Some phraseological units in the process of translation and adaption
Authors: Yilmaz Elvira Rafilovna , Khabibullina Elmira Kamilevna , Alikberova Alfiya Rafisovna
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the problem of working with some forms of phraseological units in translated and adapted texts of the news genre. To get a clearer idea of the role of idioms and collocations in the context of the news genre, we turned to the materials published in the period from January to may 2020 in English, Russian and Turkish on the leading news sites. At the same time, we selected and analyzed both translated articles and texts that are information adaptations of the desired message. Also, attention was paid to the issue of phraseology of collocations. Due to the fact that there are still disputes regarding the distinction between translation (as a result of the translator's actions) and adapted text, it was necessary to raise the question of the definition of adapted and translated texts. To create a complete picture, the research also included the definition of other terms and concepts used to refer to a linguistic phenomenon in one of the three languages of the above texts. In the adapted information texts, there are numerous examples of using phraseological units, which in some cases coincide in similar messages in different languages. When working with examples, we followed the following tactics. To select examples of adapted text, we looked at news articles that contain the same information, have a link to the same source of information, and were published within a period of no more than 24 hours. We also took the texts of eponymous publications published in different languages and aimed at different potential audiences, but carrying the same information and published with a difference of no more than a day. The most common adaptation of collocation is due to the greatest flexibility of these types of phraseological units.
Structural and semantic analysis of some physics eponym terms for contribution to teaching and communication
Authors: Makayev Khanif F. , Baranova Alfiya R. , Sigacheva Natalya A.
Published: October 2021

Rapid development of new technologies and products due to discoveries in all fields of sciences, in the Physics field as well, leads to emergence of eponym terms. This phenomenon requires studying and analyzing these lexical units as they often may cause confusion for students as well as for science people in interpreting them in an appropriate way during the learning and communication processes. The relevance of the topic is in considering some linguistic peculiarities of eponyms and eponym term combinations to try to combine education issues and the results of the topic under discussion. Some structural and semantic differences of the same eponym terms in both languages may cause difficulties in their perception and intertransition. The paper provides a comparative analysis, processing, generalization and systematization of some structural and semantic peculiarities of Physics eponym terms in the English and Russian languages. On the base of the analysis of the differences of the lexical units given are the results on some linguistic peculiarities of eponyms in Physics field. The main result of the research is in revealing considerable discrepancies in the structure, meanings and ways of reflection of eponym lexical units in the analyzed languages and in the necessity of their consideration for making some possible contribution to education issues and terminology science. The practical significance of the paper is in combining linguistic analysis and language teaching technology.
The linguistic features and translation specifications of the novel generation “p” by Victor Pelevin
Authors: Kirpichnikova Anna , Zabolotskaya Albina , Sigal Natalia
Published: October 2021

The authors focus on the linguistic features characterising a postmodern novel on the example of the literary work Generation “P” by Victor Pelevin. Firstly, the impossibility of new style invention and the idea of the necessity of different styles combination are highlighted: stylistically marked words such as jargon words, low-colloquial lexis, poetic and archaic words, idioms, and even scientific terms all together create a unique style of the novel. Secondly, the implementation levels of the language game are considered. Two levels of language game representation are analysed: the mix of styles and the loss of figurativeness by phraseological units. The intertextual context of the novel and a common method of postmodernism known as “rewriting” are regarded in the article. A phenomenon of language game and intertextuality are analyzed based on the translation of the novel by Andrew Bromfield.
Ways of expressing verbal agression in chinese
Authors: Glushkova Svetlana Yuryevna , Mukhametzyanova Adelya Aidarovna
Published: October 2021

From the early childhood, people hear and learn impolite utterance and use it in a situated context. This article suggests the study of the phenomenon of ‘impolitenesses in Chinese language, about why and when people use impoliteness words. From the early childhood, we hear obscene language or impolite statements in the direction of a person, situation, or some things. The article deals with statements that have an addressee and a listener. With the help of certain strategies that will be analyzed, the person attempts to influence on the other. In turn, statements are divided into certain categories, have their own nuances and frequency of use. The Chinese language is no exception. The frequency of using obscene language in Chinese is increasing dramatically, which is partly due to the widespread use of social networks and the Internet in general. People have the opportunity to write literature without censorship, to post angry comments under news and records, since it is possible to do this anonymously. We will analyze different kinds of Chinese obscene language, its types, usage contexts, etc. In addition, we will try to give a clear definition of ‘impoliteness’ that combines all previous existing ones. We hope that this work will help in understanding the goals of verbal ‘impoliteness’, its specific points and ways of interpretation in writing, with the examples like comments and literary statements.
Comparison of the course of labour in adolescent mothers (aged ≤17 years) and young women (aged 18-19 years)
Authors: Kaźmierczak Marzena , Tymanowska Karolina , Gebuza Grażyna , Socha Maciej W.
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Adolescent motherhood is associated with a high risk of health problems due to the unfinished process of biological development of the body.

Aim:
To compare the course of labour among adolescent mothers (aged up to 17 years) and young women (aged 18–19 years).

Material and methods:
The study was performed on the basis of a retrospective analysis of medical records from 2010 to 2018 in one of the clinical hospitals in Poland. The analysis included the births given by 133 adolescent mothers and 169 young women.

Results and discussion:
There was a downward trend in the percentage of births given by adolescent mothers and young women over a 9-year period. The placenta of adolescent women was lighter, by 25 g on average (P = 0.011), and had a smaller size (P = 0.038) than the placenta of young women. In adolescent women, pregnancy-related complications were significantly more often associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension (P = 0.037), and in young women with gestational diabetes (P = 0.003). The rapture of membranes was observed significantly more often at the first stage of labour among mothers aged 18–19 years than in mothers aged up to 17 years (P = 0.043).

Conclusions:
A decrease in the number of births given by adolescent mothers and young women over 9 years was demonstrated. Among adolescent mothers a pregnancy-related complication was pregnancy-induced hypertension. The placenta of adolescent mothers was significantly lighter and smaller than of young women. The rapture of membranes (in the first stage of labour) concerned more often women aged 18–19 years.
Bloodstream infections – etiology and current microbiological diagnostics
Authors: Marchel Halina , Wróblewska Marta
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Bloodstream infections (BSI) and sepsis constitute an important clinical problem worldwide, with a high mortality rate. A fast and reliable determination of BSI etiology is necessary for administration of targeted antibiotic therapy and improvement in survival rates of patients with BSI.

Aim:
To present the possibilities for optimal laboratory diagnostics of BSI, in the aspect of epidemiology, available research methods and current diagnostic recommendations.

Material and methods:
A review of literature concerning recommendations in diagnosis and peer-reviewed publications using the following keywords ‘bloodstream infection,’ ‘bacteremia,’ ‘epidemiology,’ and ‘diagnostics.’

Results and discussion:
Etiology of BSI depends on several factors, such as origin of microorganisms, the location of the primary source of infection, immunocompetence of the host, and possible contact of the patient with the healthcare. Blood culture has status of the ‘gold standard,’ which inables susceptibility testing of the isolated pathogen. Non-culture methods based on detection of microbial genetic material or proteins are increasingly used in laboratory diagnostics of BSI. They constitute the methods of choice in detection of uncultivable or difficult to culture microorganisms. New diagnostic solutions are urgently needed for rapid detection of multidrug-resistant strains of microorganisms.

Conclusions:
Blood culture remains the reference method in laboratory diagnostics of BSI, while molecular techniques available at present are a valuable addition to it. However, the clinical relevance of the results of molecular tests which do not correlate with clinical symptoms needs to be solved.
National and international legal issues of the euthanasia
Authors: Dei Maryna O. , Skliar Iryna S. , Kortukova Tamara
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The value of human life as a personal intangible good is growing, which has led to international and national legal consolidation of norms providing comprehensive protection of life, while the life of the individual depreciates day by day. All this explains the extraordinary interest in euthanasia, which can be called one of the most controversial and unresolved issues of our time. Aim: The aim of the article is to study the phenomenon of euthanasia, elaborate the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on euthanasia and related rights, develop recommendations on the possibility of legalizing euthanasia in Ukraine. Material and methods: The leading method of research of this issue is comparative and law, which allows to comprehensively consider the right to euthanasia, its positive and negative components and helps to establish trends in the implementation of the outlined phenomenon. Results and discussion: It is concluded that the right to assisted suicide and the right to passive euthanasia can be recognized only as an element of the right to respect for private life in the context of Article 8 of the Convention. Regarding the legalization of euthanasia in Ukraine, this should be preceded by a serious public dispute on this issue with the widest possible involvement of lawyers, representatives of medicine, bioethics, philosophy, sociology and other sciences. Conclusions: The materials of the article have practical value for all those interested in euthanasia and the realization of the right to die, as well as for practicing lawyers and judicial authorities.
STUDENT PERCEPTION OF ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID: FINDINGS FROM A INDIAN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Agarwal Vinti , Khara Sibaram
Published: October 2021

The pandemic threw student lives in disarray as they were forced to transition overnight to an online system of education for which they and the faculty were least prepared. In addition to the uncertainty relating to academic schedules, mode of examinations and evaluation patterns, students were forced to adapt to learning online without the facility of books, laboratories, libraries, computer systems and interactive classrooms. What was the perception of students regarding online learning as a result of this quick transition has been explored through a case of private university in Delhi-NCR region with an enrolment of 12000 students. The students were administered a survey with questions on the economic impact of the pandemic, ownership of digital devices, access to internet, and perception of online education. The 2463 student responses received indicated that perception of online learning was quite low even at the level of higher education despite the access to smartphones and internet. The factors scores relating to perception of quality of online education however were found to significantly vary across age, ownership of device and economic impact of covid.
DETERMINATION OF RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SOME ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS USING WINXCOM SOFTWARE IN THE ENERGY RANGE 1KEV TO 100KEV
Authors: Aruwa Arome , Gyuk Philibus Musa , Eze Columbus Tobechukwu , Isah Suleiman , Ogwo Achor Mathias , Adejo Ashibi Martha Ali
Published: October 2021

The effective atomic number, electron density and mass attenuation coefficient of some selected active pharmaceutical ingredients such as Diclofenac Sodium, Femotidine, Alprazolam, Amiodar, Amiodarone, Ciprofloxacin, and Nimesulide have been calculated over the energy range from 1 keV to 100 GeV for total and partial photon interactions by using WinXCom. The obtained data shows that the change in mass attenuation coefficient and electron density varies with energy and chemical composition of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s) in drugs. The results in the variation of photon interaction with energy and effective atomic number of the API’s in drug are shown in the logarithmic graphs.
Medicinal Uses, Biological and Chemical Properties of Wild Plum (Harpephyllum caffrum): An Indigenous Fruit Plant of Southern Africa
Authors: Alfred Maroyi
Published: October 2021

Harpephyllum caffrum is a fruit plant widely used as herbal medicine throughout its distributional range in southern Africa. This study was aimed at providing a critical review of the biological activities, phytochemistry and medicinal uses of H. caffrum. Documented information on the botany, biological activities, medicinal uses and phytochemistry of H. caffrum was collected from several online sources which included BMC, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, Pubmed and Web of Science. Additional information on H. caffrum was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications sourced from the University library. This study showed that the bark, fruits and roots of H. caffrum are used as blood purifier and emetic, and as herbal medicine against asthma, wounds, bone fractures, sprains and skin problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the fruits, leaves and stem bark of H. caffrum include cardanols, fatty acid esters, flavonoids, phenolics and triterpenoids. Ethnopharmacological research revealed that H. caffrum extracts and compounds have in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities such as acetylcholinesterase, analgesic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antimycobacterial, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, melanogenesis and antityrosinase, hypoglycaemic and hypotensive, hepatoprotective and cytotoxicity activities. Harpephyllum caffrum should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the species.
Nutritional Analysis of Mature Unripen and Ripen Edible Fruits of Aegle tamilnadensis Abdul Kader (Rutaceae)
Authors: M. Chellakumar  , S. Abdul Kader
Published: October 2021

Nutritive analysis of mature unripe and ripe fruits of Aegle tamilnadensis which is a close relative of A. marmelos (L) Correa was carried out at Presidency College, Chennai during 2016. Mature unripen fruits were plucked from the tree while ripen fruits were gathered from the ground after their natural fall during the month of December 2016 from the campus of Govt. Siddha Medical College, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Seeds were removed; fresh fruit pulp was collected and weighed. Such pulp was used for the extraction of nutrients using methanol in Soxtron apparatus (Socs Plus - SCS 06 E). The moisture content was estimated by hot air oven method and expressed on dry weight basis [10]. The methanol fruit pulp extracts were used with standard methods for the estimation of protein, carbohydrate (sugar), energy, fat, vitamins, and minerals such as calcium, sodium and iron. The results showed that the mature unripe fruit contain high protein, sodium and calcium contents while cholesterol and fat contents were lower than those present in the ripe fruits. On the contrary in ripe fruit, vitamin C and iron contents were high. Therefore, both mature unripe and ripe fruits of Aegle tamilnadensis Abdul Kader can be used as a potential natural nutraceutical.
Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Two Teucrium Species from Syria
Authors: Reem Ghassan Alali  , Mays Rizk Khazem
Published: October 2021

Germander (Teucrium, Lamiaceae) is a genus commonly used as a medicinal herb in the middle east. The aim of this study was to estimate total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of different extracts from two Syrian Teucrium species (Teucrium polium and Teucrium creticum). Total polyphenols content was measured using Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro by DPPH assay (free radical scavenging activity against 1, 1 –diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of T. creticum extracts were higher than T. polium ones. Phenols contents ranged from 16.388 to 105.672 mg GA E/ g dry weight extract. The extracts showed significant scavenging activity against DPPH, with IC50 values ranging between 0.195 and 0.710 mg/ml. The methanolic extracts show higher antioxidant activity from the two species. A good correlation between DPPH scavenging activities and contents of polyphenols was found. These results show that Syrian Teucrium species, especially T. creticum least Known among all, is a rich source of phenols and natural antioxidant compounds, that can be used as a natural food preservative.
Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum
Authors: Alfred Maroyi
Published: October 2021

Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum are small trees used as traditional medicines in tropical Africa. This extensive literature review synthesizes the information currently available on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. The university library and electronic search engines such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were searched for pertinent information on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. Traditionally, the species have been used as aphrodisiac, and traditional medicine for cough, kwashiorkor, mouth ulcers, pneumonia, prevent miscarriage, snakebites, stomachache and wounds. Various phytochemicals such as essential oils, isoflavonoid glycosides, phytosterols, benzopyranones, lignin glucosides, megastigmane, phenolics, steroids, squalene, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated from A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. In vitro studies have confirmed the biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum which, include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, leishmanicidal, molluscicidal and cytotoxicity activities. More pharmacological studies including phytochemical, toxicological, in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to provide evidence for the clinical effectiveness of remedies prepared from the species.
pedagogia guarani nas percepções dos professores guarani e kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: VIEIRA Carlos Magno Naglis , ABREU Aurieler Jaime de
Published: October 2021

Utilizando como eixo teórico autores indígenas e não indígenas que dialogam com os estudos da cultura e da pedagogia guarani, a pesquisa apresenta as percepções dos professores guarani e kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul sobre a pedagogia guarani. Tendo como objeto de análise os relatórios da Ação Saberes Indígenas na Escola/MEC/SECADI, o trabalho demostrou que a pedagogia guarani é transmitida de maneira oral, possuindo elementos e modos próprios, apresentando reflexões sobre os conhecimentos tradicionais, autonomia e modo de ser que se fazem presentes entre os membros da comunidade e que circulam com as crianças na escola.
Escolas rurais na região amazônica
Authors: BARROS Josemir Almeida , MATIAS Juliana Cândido , Jovani de Oliveira NUNES Marcia
Published: October 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar parte do processo histórico de constituição da escola rural amazônica no contexto brasileiro. Uma das indagações foi: qual o modelo de escola rural pensado e instituído no estado de Rondônia? O processo metodológico ancorou-se em materiais bibliográficos e contou com atividades empíricas para a coleta de fontes históricas produzidas pelas administrações públicas sobre a Educação, a exemplo de relatórios estatísticos e boletins. Utilizou-se de narrativas sobre a prática docente. Constatou-se que a situação na qual as escolas rurais rondonienses foram criadas compõem quadro de precariedades e ausências de políticas públicas.
Publicidad oficial y autocensura, amenazas a la libertad de expresión en medios de comunicación colombianos
Authors: Millán Torres Richard
Published: October 2021

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la incidencia negativa de la contratación de publicidad oficial con medios y periodistas, además de las afectaciones que puedan generarse de esa relación en términos de autocensura y libertad de expresión. En Colombia es común que las entidades del Estado contraten directamente con periodistas la emisión de mensajes institucionales y contenidos sobre la gestión de los funcionarios públicos, el problema es que no existen parámetros objetivos para la asignación de esa contratación y termina siendo una feria de premios y castigos.
Imaginarios sociales, violencia física y medios de comunicación audiovisual
Authors: Jiménez Gálvez Paula
Published: October 2021

En el marco de la investigación documental - cualitativa, este artículo muestra la exploración del fenómeno de la violencia televisiva en Colombia, particularmente en los espacios noticiosos. El interés fue poner en relación tres categorías de base: medios de comunicación, violencia física e imaginarios sociales en el trasfondo del conflicto armado que ha azotado al país en las últimas décadas, con el recrudecimiento del fenómeno de los grupos al margen de la ley. Se construye un estado de la cuestión a partir de la producción investigativa en circulación entre los años 2010-2019, que deja en claro cómo el fenómeno de la violencia televisiva está directamente articulado a las formas de construcción de realidades de los públicos y cómo los medios audiovisuales se posicionan como una de las mediaciones comunicativas para entretejer significaciones sociales y contribuir al proceso den naturalización de las representaciones sobre la violencia física.
Lo que puede un cuerpo: técnica y arte en el cine Wuxia
Authors: Alvarado Duque Carlos Fernando
Published: October 2021

Con el fin de explorar la misteriosa sentencia de Spinoza: nadie sabe lo que puede un cuerpo, revisamos el cine Wuxia contemporáneo con el fin de mostrar que el séptimo arte ha ofrecido su propia cuota sobre la tematización de lo corpóreo. La hipótesis de base es que este cine sabotea el cuerpo como biología y anticipa, en sus relatos de época, lo post-humano. Nos habla de los cuerpos por-venir, antes de las técnicas del presente. Para ello, analizamos tres variaciones sobre el cuerpo del guerrero de artes marciales en tres diferentes obras, de grandes maestros del cine chino: Iron Monkey (1993) de Yuen Wooping, Ashes of Time Redux (1994, 2008) de Wong Kar-wai y Hero (2002) de Zhang Yimou.
Un enfoque participativo centrado en la cultura. Una forma alternativa de definir el desarrollo en el espacio rural de Ecuador
Authors: Bates Benjamin , Grijalva Daniela , Grijalva Mario
Published: October 2021

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas a menudo se utilizan para controlar el desarrollo en América del Sur. La definición de desarrollo de las Naciones Unidas puede crear objetivos y proyectos inapropiados para las comunidades locales, lo cual podría dañarlas significativamente. Sostenemos que escuchar cómo las comunidades conceptualizan y contextualizan sus propias definiciones de desarrollo es una mejor manera de involucrarlas en la promoción de este proceso. Utilizando el enfoque de comunicación centrado en la cultura mostramos la experiencia de arte mural creado con niños en una comunidad rural extremadamente marginada en Ecuador. El arte de los niños revela que el desarrollo significa proporcionar servicios adicionales a la comunidad y establecer un sistema educativo sólido. Después de discutir estos temas, sostenemos que una definición de desarrollo basada en la comunidad puede servir mejor a los procesos locales.
Holocausto caníbal de Ruggero Deodatol. El Metraje Encontrado antes del Metraje Encontrado
Authors: Fontalvo Ashley
Published: October 2021

En el marco del cine de terror, este artículo hace un análisis de la película Holocausto caníbal para revelar cómo da paso a un nuevo género (Metraje Encontrado) y toda la controversia que acompañó su circulación en la década del ochenta. Se destaca en el análisis un montaje sencillo que juega con técnicas clásicas y modernas para una clara falsificación de la realidad.
Unfriended de Levan Gabriadze. El terror a través de un clic
Authors: Carmona Caraballo Santiago , Henao Díaz Juan Nicolás
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza la película Unfriended, la cual aborda el tema del suicidio en jóvenes de secundaria asociados a drogas, alcohol, sexo e infidelidades. Dicha trama cobra valor gracias al tratamiento que supone tanto un índice de realidad como las claves del cine de terror. Sin duda, dicho filme sienta parte de las bases del Cyber Found Footage, variación del tradicional Metraje Encontrado mediante pantallas digitales.
Searching de Aneesh Chaganty. Metraje Encontrado y pantallas digitales
Authors: Estupiñán Xilena , Rivera Andrés
Published: October 2021

Este artículo hace una reflexión sobre la película Searching en el marco del trabajo sobre el subgénero cinematográfico Metraje Encontrado el cual se centra en la revisión de elementos como espacios antagónicos, puntos de giro, creación universos digitales/presenciales y destaca tales como contenido ideológico, cine posmoderno y ciber-conectividad como elemento narrativo de tensión.
Hacia un modelo de cultura organizacional inclusiva para alumnos con discapacidad visual en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Authors: Fernández Marion Deborah Lesly
Published: October 2021

El tema de la cultura organizacional como objeto de esta reflexión, se interesa por considerar sobre la necesidad de un modelo inclusivo para la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM). Insti- tución considerada como una de las más importantes y representativas del Perú. A través de un ejercicio investigativo de enfoque cualitativo con carácter exploratorio-diagnóstico, se hace la pregunta respecto al tipo de cultura organizacional y su relación con las necesidades académicas de los alumnos con disca- pacidad, especialmente la de tipo visual. A partir del modelo de Cultura Organizacional para el liderazgo de Edgar Schein se analiza la posibilidad de abordar prácticas inclusivas cuya pertinencia haría posible la integración plena de los alumnos con discapacidad de la UNMSM a la vida académica. Se concluye que debe reestructurarse la cultura organizacional actual, pues esta es incongruente con un modelo inclusivo que contemple la diversidad sensorial.
Libros clásicos para releer : un pequeño mapa
Authors: Quintero Moncada Ásbel
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo realiza una reflexión sobre algunos de los libros clásicos y escritores de la litera- tura universal. A partir de las recomendaciones mismas del autor y su intención de incitar a los lectores a releer aquellas novelas enumeradas en su lista personal de libros para adentrarse en cada una de las obras recomendadas como si fuera un voz a voz literario.
ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE COVID 19 TASK FORCE
Authors: Sudrajat Tatang , Priadi M. Dadi , Sikki Nurhaeni , Wulandari Wulandari , Imaniar W. Agnie
Published: October 2021

Covid 19 that has hit the Indonesian nation has had a multidimensional impact on people's lives. The formation of the Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling Covid 19 is a concrete step for the government in response to this problem. The Task Force has certainly faced various obstacles, challenges and problems in carrying out its duties and functions. One of them will be related to the arrangement of the various dimensions of the Task Force organization in several laws and regulations that govern it. The research method used is descriptive and juridical normative with the aim of obtaining a complete and comprehensive description and evaluation of the organizational dimensions of the Task Force that have been stipulated in several laws and regulations as a product of public policy. The results showed that the Task Force as the operating core of government policies / programs dealing with Covid 19 was an ad hoc institution that was a political organization. Regulations for several structural and contextual dimensions are contained in Presidential Decree No. 7/2020, Presidential Decree No. 9/2020, Presidential Regulation No. 82/2020, and Decree of the Chair of the Task Force No. 16/2020, namely formalization, specialization, hierarchy of authority, organizational goals and organizational size.
Context Analysis of Non-intellective Correlates affecting Future Educators’ Sociolinguistic Competence
Authors:   Batangas State University, Philippines, Tejada Kristoffer Conrad M.
Published: October 2021

The study investigated the non-intellective correlates affecting the sociolinguistic competence of teacher education students, with a focus on the analysis of their contexts relative to social experiences, language attitude, and use of linguistic forms in different situations. It also determined the common difficulties they experience in the use of English in both oral and written forms. Descriptive mixed methods were utilized, with a validated questionnaire serving as primary instrument to gather relevant data from 331 teacher education students from different fields of specialization. Focus group discussions were conducted to activate the students’ awareness of non-intellective correlates and extract emerging issues in language use. The analysis of the quantitative data together with the coded and categorized transcriptions revealed that while the students generally have a positive attitude towards the use of the English language, they rarely use varied linguistic forms adaptive to different social contexts, implying the need to work on their adaptive capacities in using English for various purposes. Most of the issues they encounter are psychological and socio-physical in nature, while limited vocabulary, over-consciousness in grammar use, and lack of confidence affect their skills most. It was recommended that contextualized activities be developed for integration in the communication courses to highlight the authentic use of language in different social contexts.
Measuring Air Quality Over Denpasar City Indonesia in 2021
Authors:   Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, Bali, Suyasa I Nyoman Gede , Marwati Ni Made , Rusminingsih Ni Ketut
Published: October 2021

The imbalance number of rapid vehicles with transportation facilities has become the problem. In Denpasar, Indonesia, the congestion during peak hours happens so often. Based on the department of transportation in Denpasar, Indonesia, the number of vehicle ownership in Bali is 4.1 million in condition with a ratio of one resident to one vehicle with the current population of Bali Province approximately 4.2 million. Our study aim to measure the air chemical parameters of CO, O3, SO2, NO2 and the physical parameters of the noise level. The research population is the atmosphere environment in the Denpasar City area. The research sample points were taken in the city center and the outskirts of Denpasar, with a total of 27 sample points. We employed impinge to get the airborne chemical gases and it is all analyzed with a spectrophotometer. We used a sound level meter to measure the ambient noise level. The data analysis was performed with free sample t test. The average ambient air chemistry obtained CO 517.34 µgr/Nm3, O3 0.17 µgr/Nm3, SO2 61.46 µgr/Nm3 and NO2 2.51 µgr/Nm3 and an average noise level 67.66 dBA. The number has found below the requirements Environmental Quality Standards and Environmental Damage Standard Criteria by Bali Governor. There is a difference in the mean parameters of CO, SO2, NO2 and ambient noise level in the downtown area. The average CO is 757.15 µgr/Nm3, SO2 67.60 µgr/Nm3, NO2 3.77 µgr/Nm3 and the noise level is 68.53 dBA with Denpasar outskirts mean CO 217.57 µgr/Nm3, SO2 53.79 µgr/Nm3, NO2 0.95 µgr/Nm3 and noise level 66.57 dBA. There is no difference in the average ambient O3 in the city center area with an average of 0.22 µgr/Nm3 with the outskirts of Denpasar an average of 0.11 µgr/Nm3.
The effects of overweight and obesity on pregnancy-related morbidity
Authors: Wang Amanda M. , Lee Alan J. , Clark Shannon M.
Published: October 2021

Objective: Overweight and obesity in pregnancy poses many possible complications for both mother and fetus. This article reviews the possible morbidity risks, including but not limited to pregnancy loss, maternal diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and post-partum complications, as well as possible neonatal and fetal complications. This article also provides recommendations regarding suggested antenatal weight gain and management strategies, and additional antenatal and postpartum management considerations. Mechanism: This is a review article summarizing the pertinent most recent data on overweight and obesity in pregnancy. Findings in brief: Obesity has effects on pregnancy loss, maternal diabetes, hypertensive disorders, venous thromboembolism, postpartum hemorrhage, and maternal infectious diseases. It also has an impact on preterm birth, management of prenatal ultrasound and induction of labor. Conclusions: Maternal overweight and obesity has many implications on pregnancy-related maternal morbidity.
Pelvic floor muscle training as a method supporting the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunctions in women
Authors: Smolarek-Kołecka Natalia , Englert-Golon Monika , Okrzymowska Paulina , Rożek-Piechura Krystyna , Słopień Radosław , Pi Beata
Published: October 2021

Objective: Pelvic floor dysfunctions in women are a challenge for the modern health care system. Presentation of the most popular types of pelvic floor muscle training used successfully in women at different stages of their lives. Mechanism: In the training of the pelvic floor muscles, it is important to have adequate blood supply and flexibility to build the correct muscle tone, which regulates the correct response to pressure changes in the abdominal cavity. Findings in brief: The exercises are designed to strengthen weakened muscles, improve the quality of life and prepare women for possible surgery. Conclusions: The pelvic floor muscle exercises are the primary method of treatment for patients with pelvic floor disorders.
The Hassiakos maneuver: how to test neuraxial anesthesia before Cesarean section
Authors: Tympa Aliki , Grigoriadis Charalampos
Published: October 2021

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia has become the technique of choice for cesarean delivery, reducing the risks associated with general anesthesia. Intraoperative discomfort or pain is medical negligence; therefore proper assessment of neuraxial block is of utmost importance. In view of the variety of methods checking neuraxial blocks before cesarean section and lack of specific detail in the so far published literature, we first describe a specific testing maneuver which Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dimitrios Hassiakos developed. Methods: This is a retrospective clinical study. All medical records of parturients who underwent elective cesarean section under neuraxial anesthesia between April 2015 and December 2020 with the same surgical team, were analyzed. Results: In all cases, the Hassiakos maneuver was performed prior to cesarean section. Abscence of pain during the maneuver was necessary in order to start incision. No case of intra-operative pain was reported. Discussion: Several tests are available in order to check the level of neuraxial block for cesarean section. We first describe a simple and reliable testing method, based on deep pressure of the pyramidalis muscle.