bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biotechnology and Bioprocesses: Their Contribution to Sustainability
Authors: Barragán-Ocaña Alejandro , Silva-Borjas Paz , Olmos-Peña Samuel , Polanco-Olguín Mirtza
Published: April 2020

Significant advancements in biotechnology have resulted in the development of numerous fundamental bioprocesses, which have consolidated research and development and industrial progress in the field. These bioprocesses are used in medical therapies, diagnostic and immunization procedures, agriculture, food production, biofuel production, and environmental solutions (to address water-, soil-, and air-related problems), among other areas. The present study is a first approach toward the identification of scientific and technological bioprocess trajectories within the framework of sustainability. The method included a literature search (Scopus), a patent search (Patentscope), and a network analysis for the period from 2010 to 2019. Our results highlight the main technological sectors, countries, institutions, and academic publications that carry out work or publish literature related to sustainability and bioprocesses. The network analysis allowed for the identification of thematic clusters associated with sustainability and bioprocesses, revealing different related scientific topics. Our conclusions confirm that biotechnology is firmly positioned as an emerging knowledge area. Its dynamics, development, and outcomes during the study period reflect a substantial number of studies and technologies focused on the creation of knowledge aimed at improving economic development, environmental protection, and social welfare.
Study of Blockage Diagnosis for Hydrocyclone Using Vibration-Based Technique Based on Wavelet Denoising and Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Method
Authors: Wang Guanghui , Liu Qun , Wang Chuanzhen , Dong Lulu , Dai Dan , Shen Liang
Published: April 2020

Hydrocyclones are extensively known as important separation devices which are used in many industrial fields. However, the general method to estimate device performance is time-consuming and has a high cost. The aim of this paper was to investigate the blockage diagnosis for a lab-scale hydrocyclone using a vibration-based technique based on wavelet denoising and the discrete-time Fourier transform method. The results indicate that the farther away the installation location from feed inlet the more regular the frequency is, which reveals that the installation plane near to the spigot generated the regular frequency distribution. Furthermore, the acceleration amplitude under blockage degrees 0%, 50% and 100% fluctuates as a sine shape with increasing time, meanwhile the vibration frequency of the hydrocyclone rises with increasing throughput. Moreover, the distribution of four dimensional and five non-dimensional parameters for the time domain shows that the standard deviation, compared to the others, reduced gradually with increases in blockage degree. Thus, the standard deviation was used to evaluate the online diagnosis of the blockage. The frequency domain distribution under different throughput reveals that the characteristic peaks consisting of the faulty frequency and multiple frequency were produced by the faulty blockage and the feed pump, respectively. Hence, the faulty peak of 16–17 Hz was adopted to judge the real-time blockage of the hydrocyclone, i.e., the presence of the characteristic peak marks the blockage, and its value is proportional to the blockage degree. The application of the online monitoring system demonstrates that the combination of the time domain and the frequency domain could admirably detect the running state and rapidly recognize blockage faults.
Minority Stress and Mental Health in Italian Bisexual People
Authors: Scandurra Cristiano , Pennasilico Andrea , Esposito Concetta , Mezza Fabrizio , Vitelli Roberto , Bochicchio Vincenzo , Maldonato Nelson Mauro , Amodeo Anna Lisa
Published: April 2020

Bisexual people are a strongly stigmatized population experiencing health disparities caused by social stigmatization. The predominant framework helping to understand these health disparities and the impact of stigma on mental health of social groups belonging to a sexual minority identity constitutes the minority stress theory. In Italy, studies assessing this model in bisexual populations are very limited. Within this framework, the current study aimed at assessing in 381 Italian bisexual individuals (62 men and 319 women) the effects of anti-bisexual discrimination, proximal stressors (i.e., anticipated binegativity, internalized binegativity, and outness), and resilience on psychological distress. The results suggested that only anti-bisexual discrimination and internalized binegativity were positively associated with psychological distress, and that resilience was negatively associated with mental health issues. Furthermore, the results suggested that internalized binegativity mediated the relationship between anti-bisexual discrimination and mental health problems. No moderating effect of resilience was found. This is the first study to have thoroughly applied minority stress in Italian bisexual people, providing Italian clinicians and researchers with an outline of the associations between minority stress, stigma, resilience, and psychological distress within this population.
Experimental Investigations of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing on Titanium
Authors: Ahmad Shadab , M Singari Ranganath , Mishra R S
Published: April 2020

Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) is one of the finishing processes which produces nano finished surfaces. The material removal process is in the form of microchips. The present paper introduces a novel work based on the principle of MAF for flat surfaces. The experiments were conducted on titanium material to investigate the response of MAF on hardness. Matlab has been used to evaluate the performance. The results obtained from the experimental investigations revealed that the hardness improves with MAF. The surface morphology of finished surface was studied with the help of SEM images
Various Issues Concerning Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI)
Authors: Bisht Anurag Singh , Singh D.K.
Published: April 2020

The presentmarketenvironmentisvery volatile and characterized by tough global competition. Technologies are changingrapidlywithhugecustomer’sdemand. To handlethese situations, companiesneed to manage innumerablerequestsfromtheirstakeholders. Hence, they are under immense pressure to lowertheirproductprices and reducetheiroperationalcostsat the same time as the demand for quick, safe and flexible deliveriesfromcustomers are increasing. In order to staycompetitive and remain in market, itisessentiallyrequired to learn how to meettheserequirements and fulfil the expectations of customer. Sometimesvendors are betteratpredicting the sales of theirproducts in distributer’s stores than the distributers. Consideringthisfact, vendormanagedinventory (VMI) model canbe a technique for providing best solution for managingorders of seasonalgoods, high turn-over items or perishableproducts.VMIisalsocalledcontinuousreplenishment or supplier-managedinventory. This paperdiscusses about the various issues concerning about vendor-managedinventory (VMI) and emphasizingitsbenefitsfromvendors (suppliers) as well as buyers points of view.
Megaeventos Esportivos, Legados, Educação Física e Escola
Authors: Silva Allan Fernando Zardo da , Starepravo Fernando Augusto
Published: April 2020

O estudo analisou a perspectiva de futuros professores de Educação Física em relação aos megaeventos esportivos e seus possíveis legados. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e de cunho exploratório, contou com dados coletados a partir de questionários aplicados a 32 acadêmicos que estão cursando o último ano do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física de uma Universidade Pública do estado do Paraná, com o intuito de observar o entendimento dos acadêmicos sobre a temática megaeventos esportivos, seus possíveis legados e a relação do tema com a Educação Física escolar. A partir dos dados coletados e das análises realizadas a partir da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977), podemos afirmar que os acadêmicos consideram o tema relevante para ser abordado nas aulas de Educação Física escolar; que os acadêmicos pretendem trabalhar com esse conteúdo em suas aulas; mas, que, entretanto, é necessária uma formação mais qualificada sobre a temática no decorrer da graduação.
Fighting for the Disability Rights through Vernacularization in Bangkok
Authors: Phyu Swe Zin Linn
Published: April 2020

In many non-Western societies there are still challenges to the legibility, and hence applicability, of international human rights law. This is partly due to the gap between Western legal regime and local cultural contexts. However, with the process of vernacularization some of this gap has been bridged, especially in issues of relating to women rights. This paper explores how NGOs and Human Rights defenders in Bangkok have adopted the process of vernacularization to enhance disability rights.
The City and the Soul: Character and Thriving in Law and Politics
Authors: Clark Sherman
Published: April 2020

This Article describes a way of thinking about law and politics that is ancient in origins but largely absent from modern legal scholarship. It poses a two-part question: how do our law and politics influence our character, and how does that in turn influence how well and fully we live?

Much legal scholarship asks how law can be more efficient and effective in making us richer, healthier, safer, and such. This is good: wealth, health, and safety are—or can be—good things. But material conditions are not the only things that make for a rich and full life. What also matters—and beyond a certain threshold may matter much more—is what sort of people we are. If, for example, we are wise and brave, we will likely live better and more fully than if we are foolish and fearful. This much should be uncontroversial. What goes unaddressed, however, is that law and politics, whether we like it or not, have an impact on what sort of people we become. Granted, the impact is incremental and marginal, but it may also be cumulative and substantial—just as an incremental cumulative exposure to asbestos can lead to cancer. We can ignore it, but that does not make it go away. We can claim that it is not the business of law to think about character, but that is an irresponsible dodge.

This Article argues that we should acknowledge and take responsibility for the impact our law and politics have on our character and thus on our capacity to live well. To that end, I describe several ways in which law and politics may influence the sort of people we become. I then offer a way of thinking about what traits and capacities may conduce to our thriving—as democratic citizens and human beings. Just as a dose or two of poison every day can cause illness, nutrition and exercise can build strength. If our law and politics inevitably have some impact on the sort of people we become, as I argue they do, we should ask whether and how we can nurture the strengths we need—for our city and our souls.
Dismantling the Master’s House: Toward a Justice-Based Theory of Community Economic Development
Authors: Toussaint Etienne
Published: April 2020

Since the end of the American Civil War, scholars have debated the efficacy of various models of community economic development, or CED. Historically, this debate has tracked one of two approaches: place-based models of CED, seeking to stimulate community development through market-driven economic growth programs, and people-based models of CED, focused on the removal of structural barriers to social and economic mobility that prevent human flourishing. More recently, scholars and policymakers have turned to a third model from the impact investing community—the social impact bond, or SIB. The SIB model of CED ostensibly finds a middle ground by leveraging funding from private impact investors to finance social welfare programs within marginalized communities. SIBs seemingly answer the call of local government law scholars of the New Regionalists movement who advocate for governmental mechanisms that facilitate regional cooperation, address equity concerns, and respect local government autonomy. However, this Article argues that the SIB model of impact investing will struggle to advance metropolitan equity due to its grounding in the politics of neoliberalism.

After highlighting limitations of the SIB, this Article links contemporary debates about CED theory to historical contestations within the black community about economically-oriented racial uplift strategies. Placing historical figures, such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington, in conversation with more contemporary theorists of political philosophy, this Article offers an alternative conceptual framework of CED. Termed justice-based CED, this framing distinguishes a typology of social change that places democracy at the epicenter of the development debate and points toward the political principles of the solidarity economy as guideposts for law reform. The justice-based approach rests upon three core values: social solidarity, economic democracy, and solidarity economy. Taken together, this perspective reflects a vision of political morality that embodies one of America’s most foundational democratic values—human moral dignity.
PENGARUH SENAM KAKI DIABET TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Arjita I Putu Dedy
Published: April 2020

Konsensus Perkeni 2011 menyatakan bahwa terdapat 4 (empat) pilar penatalaksanaan Diabetes Mellitus (DM), yaitu : edukasi, terapi gizi medis, latihan jasmani, dan terapi farmakologis. Sebagian besar penatalaksanaan penyakit diabetes menggunakan obat, padahal obat bukan merupakan satu-satunya cara yang dapat digunakan untuk penatalaksanaan penyakit DM. Untuk penatalaksanaan penyakit DM yang telah dikenal ada 3 (tiga) cara, yaitu : mengatur makanan, olahraga, dan obat-obatan. Penatalaksaan DM sebaiknya menggunakan olahraga dan disertai dengan mengatur pola makan (Suryanto, 2009).Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Senam Kaki terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Type II di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sape Kabupaten Bima. Penelitan ini menggunakan desain pra eksperimental dengan pendekatan pre test-post test design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 26 responden. Analisa Data menggunakan uji one sample t-test dengan nilai alfa 0.05. Berdasarkan uji t-test dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 16 diperoleh t-hitung 16,073 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 dan nilai df sebesar 25 masih lebih kecil dengan nilai batas kritis α = 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil ini maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa Senam Kaki berpengaruh terhadap penurunan Kadar Gula Darah pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus type II di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sape Kabupaten Bima. Sesuai dengan hasil penelitian diharapkan penderita mampu melakukan senam kaki secara mandiri untuk membantu mengontrol kadar gula darah selain dengan mengkonsumsi obat maupun dengan diit, sehingga dapat mengurangi komplikasi akibat peredaran darah yang buruk seperti luka lama sembuh yang berujung pada gangren.
PEMILIHAN METODE KONTRASEPSI OLEH IBU AKSEPTOR KB
Authors: Hanafi Fachrudi
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang : Makin banyak jenis metode kontrasepsi yang tersedia saat ini akan makin banyak pula pilihan yang dapat dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam memilih metode kontrasepsi. Metode kontrasepsi yang banyak jenisnya ini akan menyebabkan banyak ibu pasca salin  mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan pilihan jenis kontrasepsi yang akan digunakan. Tujuan penelitian : mengetahui faktor-faktor dalam pemilihan metode kontrasepsi oleh ibu akseptor KB. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah jumlah akseptor KB selama tahun 2015 di Puskesmas Karang Taliwang sebanyak 372 orang. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh akseptor KB yang melakukan kunjungan ke Puskesmas dengan jumlah 30 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling. Data primer didapatkan melalui wawancara mendalam/depth interview dengan responden. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil : pemilihan alat kontrasepsi oleh ibu akseptor KB dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan yang kurang sebanyak 21  orang (70%), tidak adanya pengaruh sosial budaya sebanyak 29 orang (96,6%), tidak adanya faktor agama sebanyak 26 orang (86,6%), adanya faktor biaya sebanyak 30 orang (100%), adanya faktor dukungan keluarga sebanyak 30 orang (100%) dan adanya faktor pendapatan keluarga 29 orang (96,6%). Kesimpulan : Dari semua faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan tersebut yang paling dominan adalah dukungan keluarga, biaya dan pendapatan keluarga.
BRONKOPNEUMONIA PADA ANAK USIA 20 BULAN
Authors: Suartawan I Putu
Published: April 2020

Pneumonia adalah infeksi jaringan paru – paru (Alveoli) yang bersifat akut. Penyebabnya adalah bakteri, virus, jamur, pajanan bahan kimia atau kerusakan fisik dari paru-paru, maupun pengaruh tidak langsung dari penyakit lain. Bakteri yang biasa menyebabkan pneumonia adalah Streptococcus dan Mycoplasma pneumonia, sedangkan virus yang menyebabkan pneumonia adalah Adenoviruses, Rhinovirus, Influenza Virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) dan para Influenza Virus. Terjadinya pneumonia ditandai dengan gejala batuk dan atau kesulitan bernapas seperti napas cepat, dan tarikan dinding dada bagian bawah kedalam. Pada umumnya, pneumonia dikategorikan dalam penyakit menular yang ditularkan melalui udara, dengan sumber penularan adalah penderita pneumonia yang menyebarkan kuman dalam bentuk droplet ke udara pada saat batuk atau bersin. Sampai saat ini, penyakit pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kematian balita di dunia. Diperkirakan ada 1,8 juta atau 20% dari kematian anak diakibatkan oleh pneumonia, melebihi kematian akibat AIDS, malaria dan tuberkulosis. Di Indonesia, pneumonia juga merupakan urutan kedua penyebab kematian pada balita setelah diare. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) melaporkan bahwa kejadian pneumonia sebulan terakhir (period prevalence) mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2007 sebesar 2,1 % menjadi 2,7 % pada tahun 2013. Kematian balita yang disebabkan oleh pneumonia tahun 2007 cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar 15,5%. Demikian juga hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI), yang melaporkan bahwa prevalensi pneumonia dari tahun ketahun terus meningkat, yaitu 7,6% pada tahun 2002 menjadi 11,2% pada tahun 2007
Profil Penguasaan Konsep Tatanama Senyawa dan Persamaan Reaksi Pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA-4 SMA Negeri 2 Sampit Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Azarianti Dwi , Sadiana I Made , Asi Nopriawan Berkat
Published: April 2020

Konsep tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi merupakan salah satu konsep kimia yang di ajarkan di SMA kelas X. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penguasaan konsep tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi pada siswa kelas XI. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. subjek penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa kelas XI IPA-4 SMA Negeri 2 Sampit tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang sudah menerima pembelajaran tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa dokumen RPP yang didapat dari guru kimia, data penguasaan konsep siswa yang didapat melalui tes uraian dengan jumlah soal sebanyak 14 butir dari 4 indikator dan data hasil wawancara siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan konsep siswa pada topik tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi siswa yaitu sebesar 74.18% berada pada kategori tinggi. Penguasaan konsep siswa terbagi kedalam 3 (tiga) kategori yaitu sangat tinggi, tinggi, dan sedang. Siswa pada kategori sangat tinggi berjumlah 9 siswa, siswa pada kategori tinggi berjumlah 12 siswa. Siswa pada kategori sedang berjumlah 9 siswa. Siswa mampu menuliskan rumus molekul dan rumus empiris suatu senyawa sebesar 81,66% dengan kategori tinggi, siswa mampu menuliskan nama senyawa anorganik dan senyawa organik sebesar 75,18%  dengan kategori tinggi, siswa mampu menuliskan rumus kimia senyawa anorganik sederhana dan senyawa organik sederhana sebesar 84,58% dengan kategori tinggi dan siswa mampu menjelaskan bagian-bagian dari suatu persamaan reaksi sebesar 47,92% dengan kategori rendah.
Choroidal Thickness Increase After Latanoprost Treatment
Authors: Barac Ileana Ramona , Mehedintu Claudia , Barac Andreea Diana , Balta George , Brinduse Lacramioara , Ionescu Alec , Balta Florian
Published: April 2020

Latanoprost is the first prostaglandin analogue introduced for glaucoma treatment whose action is not fully understood until today. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of latanorpost on choroidal thickness in a group of 16 eyes in patients newly diagnosed with glaucoma using last generation OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography). The IOP (intraocular pressure) and the subfoveal choroidal thickness were measured before and after one week, one month, 3 and 6 months of treatment with latanoprost. The subfoveal choroidal thickness was 219.2�63.8�m before treatment and 255.6�76.4�m after one week of treatment. Increased thickness of the choroid seven days post-intervention correlates with decreased intraocular pressure from 29.0�3.2mmHg pre-intervention to 17.6�3.1mmHg p[0.001 (p=0.018). The results of this study confirm the idea of latanoprost uveoscleral alternative drainage increase.
Researches Regarding the Use of Coacervates Essential Oils in Seed Treatment in Ecological Crop Production
Authors: Gidea Mihai , Stepan Emil , Niculescu Mihaela , Gaidau Carmen , Epure Doru Gabriel
Published: April 2020

Following the continuous increase of population, the request for assuring sufficient food is a fundamental objective for all farmers. In these conditions the request for ecological food production has increased as well. Answering this problem, the objective of this research paper is to establish if the microencapsulated essential oils, obtained by us in the experiments at laboratory scale, may be used to protect the wheat seed from attack of pathogens and pests in soil after seeding. The research was performed in laboratory and in experimental field. The laboratory researches was focused on microencapsulation of essential oils and on testing the phytotoxicity effect of microcapsule upon the wheat seeds and as well for test upon the population of agriotes sp, melolontha melolontha larvae stage I, II. The microcapsules were obtained by a process of complex coacervation, and they have a central core formed by an essential oil, covered with a shell made of crosslinked hydrolyzed collagen. In the experimental field was evaluated the intensity of pests attack frequency. The results of phytotoxicity tests show that all the products used in seed treatments don�t have any phytotoxic influence at the used doses; on the contrary we identified a stimulating effect upon the plant growth. The researches regarding the influence upon the melolontha melolontha populations show the products with essential oil from Thymus vulgaris, Satureja hortensis, Ocimum basilicum decreasing the intensity of attack by comparing with control variant without any treatment. By comparing with control treated using imidacloprid, in laboratory, the efficacy of treatment was around 50% from that one. In the experimental field we found the decreasing significantly of aphidae attack frequency. Analyzing the results obtained in this research we can said: `all the seed treatments based on own microencapsulated essential oils, can be used successfully for wheat pest protect in ecological system`.
Fluconazole-Beta-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes. Preparation and Characterization in Solid State
Authors: Iftode Andrada , Racoviceanu Roxana , Susan Razvan , Marti Daniela , Pinzaru Iulia , Lazau Radu , Susan Monica , Gheorghisor Alexandra , Soica Codruta , Trandafirescu Cristina
Published: April 2020

Fluconazole is a bistriazole derivative with antifungal activity. The major weak points of fluconazole are the development of antifungal resistance and low water solubility, which impairs its administration. Binary systems between fluconazole and beta-cyclodextrin were prepared with the aim of obtaining a new delivery system that will overcome the limitations of fluconazole administration. Using two feasible laboratory methods, inclusion complexes between fluconazole and beta-cyclodextrin were obtained. Thermal and spectroscopic analyses were used to characterize the inclusion complexes.
Base de serviços rurais estratégicos à promoção do desenvolvimento territorial no Brasil
Authors: Cazella Ademir Antonio
Published: April 2020

Este artigo parte de uma referência normativa do espaço rural, visando ampliar o significado – geográfico, socioeconômico e político – do que se entende oficialmente por rural no Brasil. Essa análise serve de base para se pensar na difusão, no médio e longo prazo, de um modelo de desenvolvimento territorial, que privilegie a implementação de um sistema descentralizado, calcado numa nova relação urbano-rural, que valorize os municípios de porte intermediário e suas articulações com municípios menores do seu entorno. Defende-se a idéia de que esse sistema apresenta um estreito vínculo com a adoção de uma política de descentralização político-administrativa do Estado, concebida para a elaboração e implementação do planejamento microrregional. Na seqüência, três tipos de serviços considerados imprescindíveis para alavancar o desenvolvimento territorial nas zonas rurais são apresentados: a) uma política de ordenamento territorial e fundiário; b) a criação de redes de serviços financeiros; e c) a estruturação de pólos regionais de CT &I.
PURIFICACIÓN Y ALGUNAS PROPIEDADES BIOQUÍMICAS Y MOLECULARES DE UNA NUEVA FOSFOLIPASA A2 NO MIOTÓXICA DEL VENENO DE LA SERPIENTE Bothrops atrox
Authors: Quispe Edwin , Torrejón Daniel , Bautista Lorgio , Sandoval Gustavo , Rodríguez Edith , Lazo Fanny , Vivas Ruiz Dan , Yarlequé Armando
Published: April 2020

Las fosfolipasas A2 (PLA2 ) del veneno de las serpientes, son enzimas con una variedad de efectos biológicos, debido a sus diferentes isoformas y algunas pudiendo ser miotoxinas. El objetivo de la investigación fue purificar, caracterizar y evaluar la actividad miotóxica de una isoforma de PLA2 ácida (BaPer-PLA2a). Se purificó por DEAE Sephadex-A50, Sephadex-G75 y un sistema automatizado de presión media-NGC. La BaPer-PLA2a tuvo una actividad específica de 34,1 U/mg y un peso molecular de ~14,5 kDa por PAGE-SDS en condiciones no reductoras. Del veneno se obtuvo el ARN total, para la síntesis de ADNc y un amplificado de ~480 pb. Se dedujo de la secuencia de ADNc una proteína madura de 124 aminoácidos con un punto isoeléctrico (4,41), siendo una isoforma ácida, asimismo presentó una estructura primaria con regiones conservadas y los residuos His48, Asp49 y Tyr52 identificados en el centro catalítico. Adicionalmente, el modelo teórico estructural posee una identidad mayor al 70 % con otras PLA2 ácidas. Finalmente, la BaPer-PLA2a no presenta actividad miotóxica, sin embargo, al combinarla con la isoforma de PLA2 básica incrementó la actividad miotoxina de esta última en 21,58 %.
Contraintes et limites de la politique migratoire marocaine
Authors: Ferrié Jean-Noël
Published: April 2020

Le Maroc a lancé en 2013 une nouvelle Stratégie nationale d’immigration et d’asile ( snia ), qui s’inscrit dans sa diplomatie africaine. Il s’agit d’une stratégie ouverte aux migrants se situant, de facto, en opposition à la politique poursuivie par l’Union européenne. Toutefois, si la phase de régularisation des migrants a bénéficié à cette politique, la phase d’intégration apparaît plus problématique, notamment à cause de la difficulté pour le Maroc de mettre en place des politiques publiques sociales au bénéfice de l’ensemble de la population et donc, par ricochet, au bénéfice des migrants. En même temps, le pays ne peut échapper aux contraintes qui le lient à l’Union européenne, tout particulièrement le contrôle de sa frontière. Il en découle que sa politique migratoire demeure entravée.
Défis et enjeux de la migration africaine en Israël
Authors: Anteby-Yemini Lisa
Published: April 2020

La société israélienne est divisée sur le sort des 32 000 demandeurs d’asile en Israël, originaires d’Érythrée et du Soudan principalement et détenteurs d’une protection temporaire : d’un côté des mesures gouvernementales d’exclusion, un discours politique criminalisant et des attitudes xénophobes expriment l’hostilité envers cette migration non juive ; de l’autre, une mobilisation inattendue de la société civile en faveur des « réfugiés africains » met en avant un devoir d’hospitalité envers ces populations en quête d’asile et fait usage du passé juif pour légitimer leur accueil. Dans les lieux de co-présence quotidienne, on assiste à des dynamiques également opposées témoignant, d’une part, d’une marginalisation spatiale, sociale et politique des migrants subsahariens, et d’autre part, d’une incorporation de facto sur le marché du travail, dans les institutions scolaires, la culture, les loisirs et les pratiques de consommation locales. Cet article s’interrogera donc sur les défis sociaux, spatiaux, politiques et juridiques posés par cette migration africaine dans un État juif, rejoignant certains défis que connaissent les pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient.
Le transit de l’horreur : exilés abyssins en Égypte (1992-2019)
Authors: Le Houérou Fabienne
Published: April 2020

Le présent article s’intéresse à la migration forcée des Abyssins au Caire de 1992 à 2019 en convoquant une enquête, qualitative et quantitative, conduite en Égypte et prioritairement dans la capitale égyptienne entre 2002 et 2005. Cette dernière s’appuie sur une anthropologie des émotions pour identifier — sur une durée de presque trois décennies — les continuités et les ruptures intervenues dans ce registre temporel en questionnant les dates charnières de cette migration. Ce travail insistera particulièrement sur les expressions de la peur et son évolution de la voix même des migrants forcés éthiopiens et érythréens.
La justice et le mouvement ouvrier au début du XX e siècle en France
Authors: Ducange Jean-Numa
Published: April 2020

Au sein du « mouvement ouvrier », les attitudes à l’égard du droit et de la justice sont diverses. Certains estiment que la justice dans le cadre du capitalisme est nécessairement une « justice de classe » favorable aux intérêts capitalistes. D’autres, en revanche, accordent une certaine importance au droit, que ce soit dans une perspective de « droit ouvrier » (autour des syndicalistes révolutionnaires) ou bien de « socialisme juridique » (autour de la nébuleuse réformiste et de la figure d’Emmanuel Lévy). Le présent article analyse ces rapports contradictoires et complexes qui permettent de mieux comprendre l’affaire Durand, qu’il est nécessaire de penser en miroir de l’affaire Dreyfus.
« Elle était en fait un prix de vertu. » La réhabilitation de la parricide Violette Nozière
Authors: Demartini Anne-Emmanuelle
Published: April 2020

À partir du cas de la parricide Violette Nozière, condamnée à mort en 1934 et finalement réhabilitée en 1963, l’article analyse la signification de la réhabilitation judiciaire, en soulignant les logiques concurrentes et les tensions à l’œuvre, entre sens propre et sens figuré, rétribution et exemplarité, dimension pratique et dimension symbolique.
Erreur judiciaire et réforme de la justice au XIX e siècle
Authors: Farcy Jean-Claude
Published: April 2020

Parmi la centaine d’erreurs judiciaires reconnues au cours du xix e siècle, quelques-unes seulement ont eu un retentissement considérable dans la presse et l’opinion. Alors, la figure de martyr du condamné innocent et la campagne d’opinion dont il est l’objet mettent à l’ordre du jour la nécessité de réformes restées jusque-là à l’état de projets. La réforme dans un sens libéral de la procédure de révision – possibilité après décès du condamné (1867), prise en compte du fait nouveau (1895) – doit beaucoup au combat d’innocents condamnés et à leurs soutiens (héritiers Lesurques, affaires Pierre Vaux et Borras). Plus encore, c’est dans le sillage de quelques « scandales judiciaires » qu’est fortement contestée une instruction de type inquisitorial : la réforme de l’interdiction de communiquer (1865) et surtout la loi Constans (1897), faisant une place au principe du contradictoire, confirme que le progrès des libertés en matière de procédure pénale se fait souvent dans la douleur de l’erreur judiciaire.
Raymond Lindon, acteur et penseur de la justice du XX e siècle
Authors: Cholet Didier
Published: April 2020

Raymond Lindon (1901-1992) est une grande figure judiciaire. D’abord avocat puis magistrat à partir de 1944, il a réalisé sa carrière au parquet. Auteur de nombreuses publications, il a été un important acteur et penseur de la justice. L’article, s’appuyant sur des documents inédits, retrace sa vie et son action au service de la justice ainsi que sa pensée à travers la défense de deux institutions : la cour d’assises et la Cour de cassation.
Les conclusions de l’avocat général Raymond Lindon
Authors: Deumier Pascale
Published: April 2020

Les conclusions de l’avocat général Raymond Lindon ont marqué la jurisprudence de son temps. La présente étude porte sur 50 conclusions prononcées entre 1954 et 1972, qui révèlent, au-delà des positions défendues sur le fond de chaque question juridique, trois caractéristiques récurrentes. La première, assez classique, tient à la conception de la jurisprudence développée par Raymond Lindon, soucieux de sa stabilité mais prompt à défendre un revirement. La deuxième, plus originale, est l’importance de l’appel à l’équité dans les prises de position de l’avocat général. La troisième, plus rare encore dans les documents de cette nature, tient à ce que Raymond Lindon dévoile de lui-même au travers de ses conclusions, développant sa conception de son rôle comme avocat général ou laissant voir l’homme de culture derrière l’avocat général.
Les rapports entre la justice et l’exécutif dans la pensée de Raymond Lindon
Authors: Bourdon Pierre
Published: April 2020

L’un des thèmes essentiels de l’œuvre de Raymond Lindon porte sur l’indépendance de la justice par rapport à l’exécutif. Cette indépendance concerne autant les magistrats du siège que ceux du parquet. Mais Lindon envisage et reconnaît aussi l’indépendance des magistrats des juridictions administratives. Cette indépendance de la justice est indissociable du respect de l’exécutif. Cela n’empêche toutefois pas Raymond Lindon de critiquer certaines influences de l’exécutif sur la justice.
La contemporanéité entre sagesse et apocalyptique
Authors: Gilbert Maurice
Published: April 2020

En suivant l’ordre chronologique, la présentation des livres sapientiaux de la Bible traverse les époques perse (Job et Proverbes), grecque (Qohélet et Ben Sira) et romaine (Sagesse de Salomon), et termine par la personne de Jésus. À chacune de ces étapes, la confrontation avec le courant apocalyptique permet d’insister sur ce qui oppose les sages à l’apocalyptique.
Apocalypse et livres sapientiaux
Authors: Vincent Gilbert
Published: April 2020

La fièvre apocalyptique est un phénomène récurrent qui se présente comme une crise à la fois sociale et symbolique qui subvertit l’articulation spatio-temporelle constitutive d’un monde. C’est l’amplification imaginaire, quasi panique, de maux collectifs face auxquels l’espérance paraît en défaut. L’Apocalypse biblique a longtemps alimenté cet imaginaire. Or, dans le catastrophisme contemporain, né d’une angoisse écologique anticipant le pire, l’apocalyptique s’est sécularisé : la Nature (re)devient une figure mythique ; elle se vengerait d’avoir été abusée. Face à cette sorte de pathos collectif, quelle sagesse, quelle retenue sont-elles possibles ? Il se trouve que, dans le corpus biblique, l’opposition de deux types de temporalité – sous le signe de la fin des temps et sous celui d’une certaine continuité – a donné lieu à un travail symbolique intense dont on peut dire, en assumant le risque de toute interprétation, qu’il vise à limiter chacun de ces types par l’autre, donc à conjuguer « poétiquement » désespoir et confiance raisonnée, sinon dans le monde, du moins dans un « monde possible ».
Hypogene Point Karstification along Wadi Sirhan Graben (Jordan): A Sign of Oilfield Degassing?
Authors: Al-Malabeh Ahmad , Kempe Stephan
Published: April 2020

Jordan is a country with a large area of limestone. Nevertheless, only a few limestone caves are known. Here we report about two caves along Wwadi Sirhan Graben of Jordan that appear to have formed by stoping upward of collapsed deep-seated hypogene cavities along breccia pipes. The first one, Uwaiyed Cave, is a small breakdown-dominated chamber in basalt of the Naslet Al-Dhirwa volcano; the second, Beer Al-Malabeh, is a large, bell-shaped sinkhole that has geologically recently opened up to the surface. Wwe discuss the possible processes that led to their formation. The review of the existing stratigraphy as obtained by oil well drilling suggests that no salt layers occur below the caves. Gypsum layers seem to be limited to 4  m in thickness, probably not enough to form the observed features. The remaining process is dissolution caused by ascending gas (H2S or CH4) -rich waters from the underlying oil and oil-shale fields. Wwhen such solutions reach the water table, bacterial oxidation may create enough dissolutional power to form localized and large cavities. Their collapse could lead to the observed collapse structures and would explain the paucity of other cave structures throughout southeastern Jordan.Keywords: Jordan, hypogene caves, sinkholes, oil fields, methane.
O korpusnem jezikoslovju Študije o korpusnem jezikoslovju, Zbornik, knjižna zbirka Krt 130, ur. V. Gorjanc in S. Krek, Ljubljana, Krtina, 2005, 199 str.
Authors: Žele Andreja
Published: April 2020

Zbornik študij o korpusnem jezikoslovju seznanja z nekaj temeljnimi in hkrati relevantne]'širni študijami o besedilnih korpusih in seveda o korpusnem jezikoslovju, kije ob gradivu za jezikoslovno analizo izoblikovalo tudi nekaj metodologij, ki skušajo zajeti in predstaviti jezikovno realnost — metodologijo gradnje korpusov, metodologijo korpusne analize in metodologijo novih jezikovnih opisov.
Mednarodna konferenca Europhras Slovenija 2005 Frazeologija v jezikoslovju in drugih vedah (Strunjan, 12.-14.9.2005)
Authors: Jakop Nataša
Published: April 2020

Prispevek je poročilo o mednarodni konferenci »Europhras Slovenija 2005«, kije potekala od 12. do 14. septembra 2005 v Strunjanu. To je bila prva konferenca o frazeologiji v Sloveniji. Udeležilo se je je 60 domačih in tujih strokovnjakov. Tridnevno srečanje frazeologov ni bilo pomembno samo za Europhras, temveč tudi za slovensko frazeologijo in jezikoslovje sploh.
Gröfel, Gröbel ‘kup kamenja, groblja’ – dialektološka in imenoslovna razprava o bavarskem slavizmu
Authors: Bergmann Hubert
Published: April 2020

V pričujočem članku se bližje osvetljuje bavarski slavizem Gröfel oziroma Gröbel ‘kup kamenja ipd.’ (< slovensko groblja) in skuša iti po sledeh, ki jih je ta slovenski etimon pustil v imenoslovju vzhodne Tirolske in Koroške.
Povedkovo določilo v naravni skladnji slovenščine
Authors: Cvetko Orešnik Varja , Orešnik Janez
Published: April 2020

Naravna skladnja je deduktivna teorija v razvoju in veja teorije naravnosti. Sodbe o naravnosti so ubesedene v lestvicah naravnosti, ki sledijo iz osnovnih meril (ali "aksiomov"), naštetih v začetku sestavka. Napovedi teorije se izračunavajo v t.i. izpeljavah, katerih glavni sestavini sta par lestvic naravnosti in pravila o ujemanju med soodnosnimi vrednostmi naravnosti. V tem duhu se obravnava skladnja povedkovega določila, in sicer nekateri vidiki, ki zvečine niso samo slovenski. Povedkova določila se delijo na opisujoča in identificirajoča.
Toponim Preserje in slovansko‑romansko prepletanje pripon ‑jane in ‑anum
Authors: Torkar Silvo
Published: April 2020

V prispevku je v prvem delu na podlagi primerjalnega slovanskega gradiva in literature podana etimologija toponima Preserje iz *Prě‑syr‑jane. V drugem delu je prikazana dilema glede jezikovne pripadnosti cele skupine toponimov v Furlaniji in na zahodnem slovenskem robu zaradi navideznega sovpada slovenske (prvotno stanovniške) pripone ‑jane in romanske pripone ‑ano/‑ana < ‑anum ter predlagan slovenski izvor za nekatere od njih.
4. mednarodna konferenca o jezikovni raznolikosti v Evropi
Authors: Jakop Tjaša
Published: April 2020

Prispevek je poročilo o 4. mednarodni konferenci o jezikovni raznolikosti v Evropi, na kateri je sodelovalo 160 jezikoslovcev in je potekala od 17. do 20. junija 2007 v Nikoziji na Cipru. Predstavljenih je 9 referatov in 3 posterski nastopi, predvsem s področja slovanskega jezikoslovja, dialektologije in sociolingvistike.
10. Arbeitstagung für bayerisch-österreichische Dialektologie: Poročilo s simpozija
Authors: Smole Helena
Published: April 2020

Avtorica v prispevku poroča o 10. simpoziju o bavarskoavstrijski dialektologiji v Celovcu od 19. do 22. septembra 2007. Ob svoji 65-letnici ga je organiziral in vodil Heinz Dieter Pohl. Simpozija so se udeležili tudi slovenski raziskovalci. Referati so bili razdeljeni po sekcijah in so tako tudi predstavljeni.
Slovensko krava se pomišlja ‘krava se goni’ O pozabljenem pomenskem odtenku v slovanski besedni družini *mysliti in njeni vlogi v tabuju
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

Slovenski narečni glagol pomišljati se ‘pojati se (o kravi)’ je nastal z refleksivizacijo glagola *pomišljati, ki je v zgodnji slovenščini pomenil ‘loviti’ in tako kot drugi členi slovanske besedne družine *mysliti v pomenu ‘loviti/lovec’ kaže na rabo besedne družine v lovu kot tabuiziranem pojavu pri Slovanih.
Delež minimalnih parov besed med besednimi oblikami in lemami
Authors: Jakopin Primož
Published: April 2020

Minimalni pari besed so pari, ki se med seboj razlikujejo samo v enem fonemu (nika, bika). V prispevku je s pomočjo besedilnega korpusa Nova beseda (za besedne oblike) in gesel v viru Besede slovenskega jezika (za leme) prikazan delež teh parov glede na sosednje, dve črki oddaljene pare in glede na vse možne pare enako dolgih besed. Izkaže se, da delež minimalnih parov glede na sosednje pare raste z dolžino in da je bistveno večji pri besednih oblikah kot pri lemah.
Sinteza o podedovanem praslovanskem leksikalnem fondu
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: April 2020

Med objavami iz leta 2008 s področja slovanske etimologije izstopa slovarska monografija nizozemskega indoevropeista Ricka Derksena Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, v kateri se zaradi obetajočega naslova pričakuje sodobno sintezo. V njej naj bi bila zbrana in etimološko razložena vsa tista slovanska leksika, pri kateri je bilo ugotovljeno, da je v praslovanščini predstavljala indoevropsko dediščino. Žal smo zaradi številnih manjkajočih praslovanskih leksemov v delu dobili manj, kot bi bilo glede na sedanjo raziskanost slovanske etimologije (s slavističnega in indoevropeističnega vidika) pričakovati.
Using XML Format in Lexicography: Creating an XML Schema for the Dictionary of Slovenian Synonyms
Authors: Ledinek Nina , Perdih Andrej
Published: April 2020

This article explains why XML format has become established as the standard format for multilevel hierarchical structuring of linguistic databases and how an XML Schema can be used to manage the formal structure and content of elements in a dictionary database. Various aspects that must be taken into account when structuring complex dictionary databases in XML format are presented: the lexicographic or content aspect, the practical aspect, and the technical aspect. Decision-making is illustrated with the example of designing an XML Schema for the Dictionary of Slovenian Synonyms.
Morphological diversity of the Sevnica–Krško dialect in connection with the (non-)urban environment
Authors: Zemljak Jontes Melita
Published: April 2020

The local dialect of larger towns or cities tends to be between dialect and standard due to various reasons. This paper presents differences in the use of noun endings in all three genders contrasted with the standard Slovenian word-formation paradigms, also taking into account the urban environment of three selected regional centers and the non-urban countryside of the Sevnica– Krško dialect of the Lower Sava Valley as a part of the Styrian dialect group. The analysis shows that standard or at least less dialect-like endings are relatively rare in the urban environment and thus variation in noun endings is not a systematic differential feature for the urban versus non-urban environment.
Kratek oris računalniškega prevajanja
Authors: Lajovic Jaro
Published: April 2020

V članku obravnava avtor računalniško prevajanje, in sicer s kratkim orisom sistemov za tako prevajanje. Te loči v dve skupini: konvencionalne (klasične) oziroma na pravila oprte (rule-based) in na analogne sisteme.
Stanko Košir, B's'dnjak rutaršće `n srenšće špraše, Slovar rutarške in srenške govorice
Authors: Škofic Jožica
Published: April 2020

Članek prinaša predstavitev knjige B s 'dnjak rutaršče 'n srenšče špraše, avtorja Stanka Koširja, ki jo je v samozaložbi izdal leta 1997.
Glagoli rekanja v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika
Authors: Holz Nanika
Published: April 2020

V prispevku sta podana pregled glagolov, povezanih z govornimi dejanji, in njihova obravnava v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika.
Situating the Place of Youths' between African Union and Africa Diaspora
Authors: Omotosho Babatunde Joshua
Published: April 2020

One of the developments in the African Union (AU) is the recognition and reconnection of Africans in the Diasporas through policy formulations and other affirmative programmes. The aim is to ensure that Africans wherever they are located can reconnect with their roots and have a true sense of identity as Africans. This is a laudable achievement on the part of AU and the entire Africans in the Diaspora. While programmes and activities aimed at bridging this gap are being fashioned out by both parties, one of the major issues that must not be ignored is the inclusion of youth in these activities. Consequently, the questions are: what is the place of youth in AU- Diaspora relations? What are the structures put in place whether at the institutional or at the Diaspora levels in ensuring that youth have a voice in the ongoing bonding process between the two parties? Providing answer to these questions in this article become pertinent at this early stage in order to carry the young ones, the future of tomorrow along in the scheme of things regarding AU and Africans in the Diaspora.
Indigenous Knowledge Exclusion in Education Systems of Africans
Authors: Mji Gubela , Kalenga Rosemary , Ned Lieketseng , Alperstein Melanie , Banda Dennis
Published: April 2020

This chapter intends to push the frontiers of knowledge production and raise consciousness of indigenous knowledge systems as an essential strategy that can enable transformation and enhance intergenerational approaches to learning for all Africans. The lack of inclusion of indigenous knowledge that is produced through the daily interaction of African children within the home and their environment in African education systems has had a negative impact and is a threat to the beingness of Africans. This does not only have a negative impact on the beingness of the African child but also on the journey of becoming an African. Becoming an African is an evolving concept that requires consistent self-reflection and adjustment according to the context and ongoing changes that occur in that context. African education systems and research can play a transformative constructive role in the revival of beingness and becoming an African person.