bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialektika Agama: Harmoni dalam Jemaat Ahmadiyah Studi Living Qur’ān dan Konstruksi Damai di Kelurahan Gondrong Kenanga Tangerang Banten
Authors: Aini Adrika Fithrotul
Published: August 2024

Within vast intolerant attitudes toward Jemaat Ahmadiyah, thecommunity at Gondrong Kenanga, Tangerang, Banten, appears to respectand highly support dissimilarity. Gondrong Kenanga is a place where manyreligious people reside, such as Ahmadiyah, NU, Muhamadiyah and others.They live together without conflict, but in harmony and peaceful condition.This article will discribe a concept of peace belonging to Ahmadiyah atGondrong Kenanga, in which it bases on the Qur’ānic doctrine that relatedto pluralism and harmony.
The Concept of Mahdī in Shī'ī Theology
Authors: Fajri Nurul
Published: August 2024

The Shī’ī eschatological doctrine encompasses the belief in the Imām Mahdī, or the Hidden Imām, who will reemerge at the end of time as a savior. This savior is anticipated to establish socio-political justice and equity, leading to a peaceful life grounded in Islamic teachings. In essence, the Imām Mahdī is believed to bring about an ideal religious society.
Tradisonalisme sebagai Kritik terhadap Modernisme: Studi Pemikiran Frithjof Schuon
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: August 2024

This writing presents one of the prominent figures of Western intellectualism, Frithjof Schuon, who vehemently criticizes Western modernism while advocating traditionalism as a solution. There are several reasons that demonstrate the significance of Schuon's discussion in relation to modernity. Firstly, Schuon is an intellectual who was born, raised, and directly engaged with Western civilization. Therefore, his authority in discussing Western civilization is unquestionable. Secondly, Schuon is a recognized expert in Comparative Religion, known for his proficiency in explaining various religions. This is acknowledged by the adherents of the religions he describes. Due to his expertise, Schuon's thoughts, including traditionalism, are widely listened to and even followed not only by the Islamic community—the religion Schuon eventually chose and adhered to—but also by followers of other religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and others.
Eskatologi: Perspektif Agama dan Filsafat
Authors: Bakhtiar Amsal
Published: August 2024

This passage presents arguments for the existence of an afterlife grounded in rational reasoning and supported by sacred scriptures, aiming to strengthen the faith of religious believers. However, it acknowledges that these arguments may not satisfy adherents of agnosticism and atheism, who often counter them with various reasons. Nevertheless, for the consideration of atheists, the hypothetical scenario is proposed: if there were no Day of Judgment, both religious adherents and atheists would be equally safe, with no loss on either side. Conversely, if the Day of Judgment does indeed occur, believers would be saved while atheists would not, altering the outcome significantly in favor of theism.
Ibn Taimiya dan Pemikiran Kalam Mengenai Sifat Tuhan
Authors: Nasution Muslim
Published: August 2024

This article seeks to introduce Ibn Taymiyyah and his theological thought, particularly concerning the attributes of God. Why emphasize the attributes of God? In response, within the discourse of theological reasoning (kalam), discussions about God are one of the most extensively debated themes, central to the issues of theological discourse.
Kontroversi seputar Wacana Mushaf ‘Utsman
Authors: Anwar Hamdani
Published: August 2024

This article aims to explore various issues surrounding the establishment of the Mushaf ‘Uthmani. This research reveals many intriguing aspects worth highlighting, from the perspectives of the Companions, scholars, and orientalists. The Mushaf ‘Uthmani, the official version of the Qur’an compiled during the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan, has often been the subject of debate and in-depth study. The Companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who were direct witnesses to the revelation of the Qur’an, had diverse views on the compilation and writing of this mushaf. Some Companions fully supported this process, while others raised criticisms and concerns. Both classical and contemporary scholars have made significant contributions to interpreting and understanding this codification process. They explore the historical, theological, and philological aspects of the establishment of the Mushaf ‘Uthmani, influencing how Muslims view their sacred text. Additionally, Western orientalists have long been interested in studying this process from a critical and academic perspective. Their approaches often differ from traditional Islamic views, sparking dynamic discussions and debates among academics. This study not only delves into the history of the establishment of the Mushaf ‘Uthmani but also considers its implications for the development of Qur’anic studies, from both the internal perspective of Muslims and the external perspective of orientalists. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and dynamics surrounding the establishment of the Mushaf ‘Uthmani, while also opening up space for further discussion in the future.
Pengaruh Neo-Platonisme terhadap Pemikiran Islam
Authors: Wahab Muhbib Abdul
Published: August 2024

Tulisan ini akan mengelaborasi dan mendialogkan pemikiran filosof Neo-Platonisme, beberapa tokohnya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap pemikiran Islam. Telaah ini diharapkan dapat memberikan evidensi terhadap beberapa persoalan, antara lain: 1) dasar dan substansi pemikiran Neo-Platonisme; 2) transmisi Neo-Platonisme ke dalam dunia Islam; dan 3) pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh Neo-Platonisme terhadap pemikiran (filsafat) Islam. Sekedar perbandingan, disinggung secara selintas pengaruh Neo-Platonisme terhadap pemikiran agama Kristen. Penting ditegaskan bahwa pemikiran yang dimaksud dalam tulisan ini adalah pemikiran dalam bidang filsafat.
Hermeneutik dan Analisis Sejarah sebagai Alternatif Kajian Al-Qur’an: Sebuah Refleksi Metodologis
Authors: Kusmana Kusmana
Published: August 2024

Menarik mencermati perkembangan alat analisis keilmuan kontemporer di mana analisis sejarah dan hermeneutik menemukan dirinya masing-masing saling sinergi, menguatkan kemampuan kerjanya dan membuka perspektif dan lingkup operasionalnya. Dalam konteks kajian al-Qur’an, kedua alat analisis ini, menurut hemat penulis, dapat memberi angin segar baik dalam membuka cakrawala, memberi penafsiran baru maupun menambah ketajaman dan komprehensifitas analisis. Dalam tulisan ini didiskusikan apa implikasi kalau kedua alat analisis tersebut diterapkan dalam kajian al-Qur’an. Dalam menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menjawabnya dengan refleksi metodologis, artinya obyek kajian didiskusikan dalam ruang dan batas-batas cara kerja alat analisis.
The Notion of Ta’wil (Spiritual Interpretation) in The Tradition of Syī’a Ismā’īliyya: A Study of Al-Sijistānī’s Kitāb Al-Iftikhār
Authors: Rahman Yusuf
Published: August 2024

The community of Syi’a Islma’iliyya (Isma’ilis) constitute the second largest Syi’i community after the Twelvers (Syi’a Itsna’asyariyya) in the Muslim world. They live in more then twenty countries of Asia, Africa, Europe and America. Some of its community consider Aga Khan as their spiritual leader in this era.
Tasawuf dan Psikologi Islam
Authors: Mubarok Achmad
Published: August 2024

This text explores psychology as part of the implicit message within the teachings of Islam. However, the psychological insights present in the Qur'an have not received serious attention. As a scientific discipline, psychology was only recognized in the late 18th century, but its roots can be traced back to the time of Plato. As a modern science, psychology has advanced significantly. The concept of “Nafs” (soul), which is a crucial aspect of psychological analysis, is mentioned over three hundred times in the Qur'an and Hadith, yet a horizontally oriented psychology did not emerge in the classical Islamic scholarly tradition. Scholars tended to discuss it more from the perspectives of ethics and Sufism, which are more vertically oriented. It was only in the 1950s that Muslim intellectuals, who studied in the West, began to show interest in the study of psychology. Furthermore, there have been efforts to offer alternative concepts of psychology, namely psychology from an Islamic perspective.
Masterpiece Etika Aristoteles
Authors: Ihsan A. Bakir
Published: August 2024

Aristoteles: Nicomachean Ethics, Sebuah “Kitab Suci” EtikaDi dalam buku Nicomachean Ethics, Aristoteles menguraikan beragam tema, dari etika politik sampai etika persahabatan. Ulasan terhadap buku ini sampai pada konklusi bahwa pemikiran etika Aristoteles yang diperlihatkan dalam buku ini merupakan pijakan wacana yang sangat relevan dalam konteks kekinian. Walaupun pada saat ini muncul aliran-aliran etika, tapi keberadaan etika Aristoteles terutama yang terkait dengan etika keutamaan (virtue ethics) sulit diabaikan, bahkan muncul kecenderungan menguatnya kembali "etika klasik” ala Aristoteles. Pemikiran etika Aristoteles bisa dilihat melalui konsep teleologi dan etika keutamaan. Teleologi etika Aristo mengajarkan tentang arah tujuan. Tujuan segala perbuatan adalah kebaikan moral. Universalitas etika yang dikumandangkan Aristo lebih pada upaya pemahaman secara komprehensif terhadap sebuah tindakan atau perilaku. Kebaikan moral seseorang tidak bisa dilihat dari satu sisi. Seorang politisi yang sering menyumbangkan dananya untuk lembaga sosial, tidak bisa secara otomatis dinilai sebagai politisi yang baik. Karena bisa jadi dari sisi lainnya, ia melakukan pelanggaran-pelanggaran moral. Kebaikan moral seseorang harus dilihat pada pribadi sebagai manusia secara keseluruhan.
Etika Max Scheler: Kritik Atas Formalisme Kant
Authors: Darmaji Agus
Published: August 2024

This article addresses Max Scheler’s critique of Kant’s formalistic ethics. Through phenomenology, he attempts to reconstruct and develop the problem of values in general, especially ethics. He believes that in this way, ethics can avoid psychological, sociological, and historical relativism. Scheler aims to offer a critical assessment of Kant’s formal ethics and seeks to overcome Kant’s formalism by proposing thoughts on material ethics.
The Cult of the Dead in Chinese-Hakka Family and Society in Singkawang-West Kalimantan
Authors: Tanggok M. Ikhsan
Published: August 2024

This paper tries to show the Chinese cultures and traditional religion in Singkawang, particularly practices connected with ancestor worship, like the burial ritual and rituals before and after burial. This paper also tries to show that life after death (unreal world) in Chinese-Hakka belief is still in connection with world life (real world or dunia nyata).
Asbāb al-Nuzūl Skala Mikro Konteks Kesejarahan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Fatkhi Rifqi Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The main concern of this study is how the Qur'an can address each of its readers in a current and contextual manner. So far, the Qur'an has been claimed as a religious text that remains relevant for all times and places (shāliḥ li kull zamān wa makān), whereas at the time of its revelation, the Qur'an (certain verses within it) had its own context (historical context). Hence, understanding the occasions of revelation (Asbāb al-Nuzūl) of the Qur'an becomes crucial in order to comprehend its verses.
The Contribution of Master Chin Kung in World Peace and Interfaith Dialogue
Authors: Bakhtiar Amsal
Published: August 2024

Master Chin Kung’s contribution to advocating for peace and interfaith dialogue is significant. He is not only a religious leader for the Buddhist faith but also serves as a role model for followers of other religions due to his steadfastness in promoting the universal values of religion. He believes that the goal of all religions is the same, which is to realize peace and compassion among all believers. As a result, Master Chin Kung, who has been awarded an honorary doctorate from UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, tirelessly urges world leaders to prioritize peaceful approaches over war. His extensive travels across five continents further drive him to continue advancing peace and harmony among religious communities. He firmly believes that religious education is the gateway to instilling greater love for peace and compassion in individuals. Therefore, he has established various institutions and foundations aimed at disseminating the universal values of religion. Among the foundations he has established is the Multi Culture Society in Jakarta. This foundation is highly active in organizing interfaith dialogue activities and multi-faith education.
Tragedi Manusia dan Kemanusiaan: Merajut Perdamaian dalam Perspektif Agama Buddha
Authors: Liaw Ponijan
Published: August 2024

The human predicament, when distilled, boils down to three aspects: humans versus nature, humans versus other humans, and humans versus themselves. How can peace be attained if human attitudes remain entangled in these three types of conflicts? Upon deeper and wiser examination of the essence of teachings encapsulated within the framework of religion, none actually reject the honoring and exaltation of humanitarian values.
Merangkai Perbedaan, Merayakan Perdamaian: Telaah Konflik antara Pribumi dan Etnis China
Authors: Fajarini Ulfah
Published: August 2024

The social conflict between natives and ethnic Chinese seems to have become a historical destiny of this country. Even before independence, conflicts between the two had already occurred. Various efforts have been made to stop the conflicts, which often ended in violence, but the conflicts themselves never seemed to cease. This paper seeks to offer an approach to reorganize the potential conflicts into positive potentials by examining the socio-historical aspects that cause the points of contention between natives and ethnic Chinese. From there, a nation-building that is aspired to is not just a symbol of sovereignty but is truly felt by all citizens without being trapped by ethnic, tribal, racial, or religious barriers.
Hermeneutika Agama Islam: Menempatkan Relevansi Agama dan Kesalehan Sosial
Authors: Kusmana Kusmana
Published: August 2024

Hermeneutics, or the understanding and interpretation of the role of religion in the context of individual or societal life, positions religion as one of the guiding principles alongside others. In this position, the role of religion is subject to controversy, with at least two major groups: those who consider it important and those who see it as an obstacle to human life. Figures such as Nimrod, Pharaoh, Sigmund Freud, Karl Marx, Nietzsche, and others, in their respective emphases, view the socio-political role of religion as hindering societal progress, threatening the power and systems established by religious, cultural, or political elites. Conversely, another significant group does not doubt the role of religion in human life at all. Religion serves as guidance for humans towards salvation and happiness in both the worldly life and the hereafter. This article seeks to examine the important role of religion (specifically Islam) in all aspects of human life as an actualization of Islam's mission as a mercy to the entire universe, with a strong social dimension.
Menguak Hadis Palsu yang Masyhur: Upaya Autentifikasi Sabda Nabi
Authors: Bustamin Bustamin
Published: August 2024

So far, hadith has been a theological reference to strengthen religious behavior. It is often used as motivation to foster religious enthusiasm related to the social dimension. From there emerge hadiths that are so familiar to the ears of Muslims, as they are often conveyed and directly related to social issues. However, the fame of a hadith often closes our concern to critically assess the status of the hadith. This paper attempts to critically examine the highly popular hadiths in society to see the extent of their authenticity. All of this needs to be done as an effort to place the hadith clearly and authentically and to distinguish between the words and the chain of words.
Ruh Menurut Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah dalam Perspektif Psikologi
Authors: Mujib Abdul
Published: August 2024

Throughout history, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah has been recognized as a Muslim intellectual figure who lived amidst the stagnation of thought, amidst the overwhelming scripturalism. Ibn Qayyim, however, unveiled this stagnation and scripturalism by unraveling the essence of human existence claimed by God Himself, namely the issue of the soul. Ibn Qayyim’s in-depth study of the soul is captured in his book titled Kitab al-Ruh. It is a document of knowledge that views the soul as a unique structure of human self compared to the body. This study examines Ibn Qayyim’s paradigm of the soul in its relevance to psychology. To what extent does Ibn Qayyim’s concept of the soul contribute to and intersect with the discourse of psychology.
Merayakan Toleransi: Studi atas Masyarakat Muslim Pandeglang
Authors: Abrori Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The issue of tolerance is actually related to the articulation of discourse and the realization of practices in real life. Both are interrelated and support each other for the creation of good relations among religious communities. Unfortunately, what becomes the daily reality is not supported by a good discourse articulation. As a result, there is tension in discourse among the people of Pandeglang when discussing tolerance. This study focuses on the views of the Pandeglang community regarding tolerance among religious communities. The initial interest in conducting this study is due to the fact that in Pandeglang, there is not a single non-Muslim place of worship built there. Looking at the composition of its population, there are several non-Muslim communities living amidst the predominantly Muslim community.
Sains dan Agama dalam Epistemologi Islam dan Barat
Authors: Syarif Edwin
Published: August 2024

Science and religion are two important aspects that encompass human life. They complement each other within the individual, or conversely, they are at odds, demanding humans to choose between them. The latter stance characterizes the development of science in the modern era, where science becomes secular as it is solely based on the empirical and rational, while religion is not. In Islamic history, science and religion developed alongside each other. Islamic teachings often contain messages to observe the universe as a sign of the Creator's existence. Therefore, the development of science during the Islamic golden age was rapid. The issue of science and religion remains intriguing to study because modern science, which was initially hoped to solve human problems, has now become a problem for human life.
Penyelesaian Hadis Mukhtalif tentang Sumber Ajaran Islam
Authors: Ulya Atiyatul
Published: August 2024

In the perspective of Ulum al-Hadith, conflicting hadiths must be resolved, either by compromising or by giving preference to find the stronger one in quality. It is assumed that the Prophet Muhammad, as the role model for the Muslim community, would not make statements that contradict each other without explanation. Such a situation could confuse Muslims who are trying to understand and follow his teachings. Therefore, research on these Conflicting Hadiths needs to be conducted, especially concerning the primary sources of Islamic teachings that serve as benchmarks for legal provisions in Islam. If so, the issue worth investigating is: How to resolve Conflicting Hadiths to reach an integrative solution.
Kebebasan Manusia: Telaah terhadap Corak Teologi dalam Tafsir Departemen Agama
Authors: Mansoer Masri
Published: August 2024

In 1967, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia formed the Quran Translation Committee, and this activity was completed in 1975 with the production of the Quran and Its Translation. Then, in 1972, the Council for the Organization of Quranic Exegesis was established and completed its Quran and Exegesis in 1984, consisting of 1 (one) volume of the Introduction to the Quran and its Exegesis and 10 (ten) volumes of the Quran and its Exegesis. This is one of the exegesis books collectively written in the modern era of the Islamic world. Considering the reasons for the emergence of this exegesis, both internal and external factors of Islamic thought surrounding the reference exegeses, raises the question of how the Department of Religion’s Quran and its exegesis interpret verses about human freedom. This paper will focus on human freedom related to Free Will and Predestination, and its connection to the concept of faith.
The Role of Chinese Communities to the Spread of Islam in Indonesia
Authors: Tanggok M. Ikhsan
Published: August 2024

The role of Chinese people in the development of Islam in Indonesia in the past was significant, as evidenced by historical evidence such as mosques and Muslim Chinese graves. The spread of Islam in Indonesia was not only carried out by Arabs and Persians, but also by Chinese people, both those who came with traders from the Middle East and separately. Since Islam entered the Malay Archipelago, especially Indonesia, through traders, it is understandable that Islamic kingdoms first emerged in coastal areas rather than inland or mountainous areas, which generally adhered to Hinduism, Buddhism, or local religions and beliefs. Their main purpose for coming to Indonesia was not to spread Islam but to establish relationships and trade. However, because they were Muslims, their attitudes and actions could influence the local population wherever they were, and intermarriages between them and the local population could lead the locals to convert to Islam.
Takdir Alisjahbana dan Pemikiran Kebudayaan
Authors: Hadi W.M. Abdul
Published: August 2024

This essay will attempt to discuss specific aspects of cultural thought by Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana (STA), especially those related to values. However, before delving into STA’s cultural thought, the definition of culture as it developed up to the early 20th century CE, particularly within the intellectual traditions of Islam and the West, will be presented. Towards the end of this essay, a comparison will be drawn between STA’s thoughts and those of Yukichi Fukuzawa, a Japanese civilization expert who lived from the mid-19th to the early 20th century CE, whose ideas influenced the direction of Japanese modernism in various fields.
Potret Perkotaan dalam Menghadapi Globalisasi
Authors: Nurhayati Cucu
Published: August 2024

The globalization sweeping the world today has influenced the lives of communities in general. The rapid flow of information and the increasing availability of various facilities also contribute to the acceleration of this process. Events in one part of the world are now more easily observed and imitated by people in other parts. Naturally, this phenomenon will impact the lifestyle of communities, ultimately leading to global changes. The link between globalization and urban development can be seen as a reflection of progress at a higher level. Are our communities ready to face global competition, or are we still preoccupied with internal urban issues that are increasingly prevalent today? It is concerning that while other nations are busy preparing for global competition, we seem to be stagnating. What steps should the government take to address this issue? This is an important issue that needs to be discussed, although it may seem cliché and like an old song with no end in sight.
Falsafah Kepemimpinan Rasulullah
Authors: Tahqiq Nanang
Published: August 2024

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is known as the most successful prophet in fulfilling his mission. He was appointed as a messenger at the age of 40, a mature age. This indicates that such a title and status were not achieved without struggle, but after he matured and was tempered by many experiences. This article attempts to address questions about the success of Prophet Muhammad's leadership, asking whether all of the Prophet's successes were due to God's intervention. If God is involved, what makes Muhammad special? Doesn't that mean Muhammad did not undergo a process like an ordinary human? If he is “not an ordinary human,” then how can we emulate and consider him as a role model in leadership?
Meneguhkan Kembali Argumen Kesamaan dan Kesatuan (Esoterik) Agama-agama
Authors: Bahri Media Zainul
Published: August 2024

Throughout history, valid and representative arguments discussing the unity and oneness (esoteric) of religions have often referred to perennial philosophy or Sophia perennis. Indeed, through this philosophy, plural religions find commonalities and points of convergence while acknowledging their differences. In this article, the author attempts to present other arguments that further affirm the esoteric unity of religions. These arguments include the theory of continuity of revelation and prophecy, the concept of monotheism present in various religions, the understanding of the existence of one God, albeit appearing in many names, and the mystical perspective (Sufism) in Islam, which strongly supports the notion of the unity (esoteric) of religions.
Studi Hadis dalam Perspektif Sosial
Authors: Bustamin Bustamin
Published: August 2024

This writing is based on the generalization of understanding towards hadith. It means that all hadiths are understood in the same way without distinguishing the structure of the hadith, whether it is transmitted by wording or meaning (riwayat bi al-lafzh or riwayat bi al-ma’na), the absolute or relative field of the hadith’s content (related to creed and worship) or relative (related to transactions). Hadiths are often only understood with textual interpretation techniques, with only a small portion expanding them with contextual interpretation techniques, both historical and sociological contexts, as an idea. In this context, the understanding of the Prophet’s hadith needs to consider several things, including Prophet Muhammad as the source of information, the companions as recipients of information, the form and scope of the meaning of the Prophet’s hadith, events surrounding the emergence of the Prophet’s hadith, and the social and community conditions that occurred at that time.
Agama dan Pluralisme: Perspektif R.A. Kartini
Authors: Rosyidah Ida
Published: August 2024

The name R.A. Kartini (1879-1904) is familiar to us through her role in advocating for gender equality in education. In addition to gender issues, Kartini, in her letters, also expressed her personal views on socialism, capitalism, and Islam. This article attempts to examine Kartini's ideas in other fields that are rarely discussed, namely her thoughts on religion and pluralism, including her views and criticisms of Islam.
The Paradigm of Knowledge in Search of Alternative Science
Authors: Ahida Ridha
Published: August 2024

Many things need to be considered when developing knowledge in human life. On one hand, knowledge plays a crucial role in every aspect of human life; the exploration of knowledge has provided a series of conveniences in human activities, and technological advancements resulting from scientific knowledge have accelerated human mobility. However, on the other hand, the development of scientific knowledge and its role has seemingly undermined human existence. Scientific knowledge is no longer just explored but exploited to the fullest. As a result, scientific knowledge has threatened and even destroyed human existence. This article discusses the need for a paradigm that will guide the development of scientific knowledge to remain constructive in human life.
Low-Resource Hospital Days for Children Following New Tracheostomy
Authors: Cecil Cara A. , Dziorny Adam C. , Hall Matt , Kane Jason M. , Kohne Joseph , Olszewski Aleksandra E. , Rogerson Colin M. , Slain Katherine N. , Toomey Vanessa , Goodman Denise M. , Heneghan Julia A.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Children with new tracheostomy and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) require transitional care involving caregiver education and nursing support. To better understand hospital resource use during this transition, our study aimed to: (1) define and characterize low-resource days (LRDs) for this population and (2) identify factors associated with LRD occurrence.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort analysis included children ≤21 years with new tracheostomy and IMV dependence admitted to an ICU from 2017 to 2022 using the Pediatric Health Information System database. A LRD was defined as a post tracheostomy day that accrued nonroom charges <10% of each patient’s accrued nonroom charges on postoperative day 1. Factors associated with LRDs were analyzed using negative binomial regression.

RESULTS

Among 4048 children, median post tracheostomy stay was 69 days (interquartile range 34–127.5). LRDs were common: 38.6% and 16.4% experienced ≥1 and ≥7 LRDs, respectively. Younger age at tracheostomy (0–7 days rate ratio [RR] 2.42 [1.67–3.51]; 8–28 days RR 1.8 (1.2–2.69) versus 29–365 days; Asian race (RR 1.5 [1.04–2.16]); early tracheostomy (0–7 days RR 1.56 [1.2–2.04]), and longer post tracheostomy hospitalizations (31–60 days RR 1.85 [1.44–2.36]; 61–90 days RR 2.14 [1.58–2.91]; >90 days RR 2.21 [1.71–2.86]) were associated with more LRDs.

CONCLUSIONS

Approximately 1 in 6 children experienced ≥7 LRDs. Younger age, early tracheostomy, Asian race, and longer hospital stays were associated with increased risk of LRDs. Understanding the postacute phase, including bed utilization, serves as an archetype to explore care models for children with IMV dependence.
PREFÁCIO
Authors: DOBRORUKA VICENTE , LYNCH CHRISTIAN , DE AZEVEDO E DIAS DUARTE JOÃO
Published: August 2024

Este livro é um volume de homenagem, ou como se diz no mundo anglo-saxônico, uma Festschrift, celebrando a trajetória, os herdeiros intelectuais e num sentido mais amplo, a vida do espírito do prof. dr. Marcelo Gantus Jasmin. A ideia de compor tal volume ocorreu aos organizadores em função da proximidade tanto do seu 65º aniversário quanto de sua aposentadoria. Por tudo o que fez, em termos de obra escrita, orientação e presença na vida de seus inúmeros alunos e em especial de seus muitos orientandos, o volume ora proposto é obra importante e necessária como celebração de uma vocação profissional e pessoal cada vez mais rara num mundo acadêmico em franco processo de desumanização e, por assim dizer, de indiferenciação na relação entre o que um dia se chamou de mestres e discípulos.
O DILEMA TOCQUEVILLEANO E O REPUBLICANISMO: SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE LIBERDADE E IGUALDADE
Authors: FALCÃO LUÍS
Published: August 2024

Em meados dos anos 1990, um grupo de intelectuais brasileiros de diferentes universidades e áreas das humanidades começou a se reunir para debater, ineditamente no país de maneira coletiva, os significados históricos, teóricos e metodológicos daquilo que, hoje já consolidado, se chama República, republicanismo ou mesmo tradição republicana. O contexto nacional dessa empreitada de pesquisa era, por um lado, diferente daquele originário da Guerra Fria na Europa, e, por outro, no ápice de nosso neoliberalismo, tensionava de modo inequívoco a República com a democracia, as tradições de esquerda com as liberais. De fato, hoje é bastante difícil afirmar se o ímpeto desse grupo pelo ineditismo brasileiro nas pesquisas republicanas se vinculava majoritariamente a um projeto nacional ou a uma atividade hegemonicamente acadêmica. Certo é que ambas as facetas ocupavam as preocupações em voga e, como legado, o republicanismo produzido no Brasil ainda carrega essa marca: o estudo das teorias basilares do republicanismo ocidental e o Brasil contemporâneo.1
The Effectiveness of Using the Aural-Oral Approach in Arabic Learning (Mufradāt)
Authors: Nisa Andini Zahrotun , Sopian Asep , Nurbayan Yayan
Published: August 2024

Learning Arabic vocabulary (mufradāt) often faces challenges in achieving effectiveness, particularly in motivating students to actively participate and deeply understand the material. Many conventional methods have significantly failed to improve students' listening and speaking skills. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using the Aural-Oral Approach in teaching Arabic vocabulary (mufradāt). The Aural-Oral Approach, which emphasizes intensive listening and speaking skills, can enhance students' vocabulary acquisition in Arabic. This study was conducted at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah (MDT) Ar-Rahman Bogor using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The research sample consisted of 60 students divided into two groups: the experimental group using the Aural-Oral Approach and the control group using conventional methods. Data were collected through interviews and vocabulary tests before and after the intervention. The results of the data analysis showed a significant increase in Arabic vocabulary skills in the experimental group compared to the control group. This study's novelty lies in applying the Aural-Oral Approach in the context of Arabic language learning at the MDT level, which has not been extensively explored before. These findings indicate that the Aural-Oral Approach effectively improves Arabic vocabulary mastery. Therefore, it is recommended that this method be more widely implemented in Arabic language teaching to maximize student learning outcomes.
Istikhdām Al-Tharīqah Al-Tarkībiyyah Li Tarqiyah Mahārah Al-Qira’ah Wa Al-Kitābah Ladā Tullāb Al-Shaff Al-Sābi’ Bi Al-Madrasah Al-Mutawassithah Pesantren Alhikmah 2 Cirebon
Authors: Gunawan Wawan
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterampilan membaca dan menulis siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol di SMP Pesantren Al-Hikmah 2 Cirebon sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode Tarkibiyah dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis siswa SMP Pesantren Al-Hikmah 2 Cirebon. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain pretest posttest kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Keterampilan membaca siswa sebelum pembelajaran pada kelas eksperimen dan control menujukkan hasil rata-rata 42,96 masuk kategori cukup. Keterampilan menulis pada sebelum pembelajaran pada kelas eksperimen dan control  masuk kategori “kurang” dengan nilai rata-rata 37,78 (2) Keterampilan membaca siswa sesudah pembelajaran pada kelas eksperimen dan control menunjukkan peningkatan hasil masuk kategori baik. Keterampilan menulis siswa sesudah pembelajaran pada kelas eksperimen menunjukkan peningkatan hasil dan masuk kategori baik. (3) Hasil nilai N-Gain (dalam persentase) pada keterampilan membaca dan keterampilan menulis siswa kelas eksperimen menunjukkan pembelajaran menggunakan metode Tarkibiyah “cukup efektif” dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan keterampilan menulis siswa. Dengan demikian, maka terdapat pengaruh penggunaan metode Tarkibiyah dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis siswa SMP Pesantren Al-Hikmah 2 Cirebon.
The strategic use of engagement resources in engineering written reports
Authors: Simpson-Smith Claire
Published: August 2024

Written engineering discourse is embedded in its social context and is sensitive to the relationship between an engineer and their client. In order for engineering writers to be able to frame their evidence as part of a convincing argument, they require a strong understanding of the client’s needs and the regulatory context. To present this understanding and framing in writing, the grammatical resources covered by the ENGAGEMENT framework (Martin and White, 2005) are crucial. Engagement resources offer the tools with which to position the voice of the writer in relation to the reader and other voices. This paper presents the findings of a study of the use of engagement resources in a corpus of professional engineering texts which are being used in a larger project investigating the persuasive discourse of engineering. The results indicate that engineering writers strategically manipulate the contraction and expansion of the discourse space in accordance with the purpose of the text, the nature of the evidence and their particular persuasive stance. This manipulation either opens or closes the amount of room afforded to the reader to disagree with the propositions presented. Engagement meanings are also graded to increase likelihood of success and downplay negative perceptions. Finally, engagement resources are selected in such a way to present an impression of objectivity in the writing style. These findings have implications for the teaching of writing to engineering students.
‘Describing language: Form and function’ Ruqaiya Hasan. Edited by Jonathan J. Webster and Carmel Cloran (2019)
Authors: Wang Bo , Ma Yuanyi , Nartey Mark
Published: August 2024

Describing language: Form and functionRuqaiya Hasan. Edited by Jonathan J. Webster and Carmel CloranSheffield: Equinox, 2019. 371pp.
Zola and the Gorgons
Authors: Sayers William
Published: August 2024

This article explores the olfactory sensations evoked by passages in Zola's novel based on the huge indoor food market, Le Ventre de Paris (The Belly of Paris, 1873).
Hattie Ellis, What to Eat? 10 Chewy Questions about Food
Authors: Bilton Sam
Published: August 2024

Hattie Ellis, What to Eat? 10 Chewy Questions about Food: Portobello Books, 2012, 440 pp., paperback, £14.99.
Peter Brears: All the King’s Cooks. The Tudor Kitchens of King Henry VIII at Hampton Court Palace
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: August 2024

Peter Brears: All the King’s Cooks. The Tudor Kitchens of King Henry VIII at Hampton Court Palace: Souvenir Press, 2011, 192pp., paperback, £15.00.
Lynne Chatterton: From the ground up, home cooking without fear
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: August 2024

Lynne Chatterton: From the ground up, home cooking without fear: Pulcini Press, Limited Edition 2010, 357 pp., hardback, £22.00.
Joy Larkcom: Just Vegetating, a Memoir
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: August 2024

Joy Larkcom: Just Vegetating, a Memoir: Frances Lincoln, 2012, 336 pp., hardback, £18.99.
Antyredukcjonizm w epistemologii świadectwa a wykładniki autorytetu i źródła informacji w językach naturalnych
Authors: Łukasiewicz Elżbieta
Published: August 2024

Artykuł ma na celu pokazać, że stanowisko antyredukcjonistyczne w epistemologii świadectwa jest trudne do pogodzenia z istnieniem kategorii językowych, takich jak egoforyczność czy ewidencjalność, których wykładniki (w wielu językach obligatoryjne) kodują dostęp nadawcy komunikatu do bezpośredniego źródła informacji lub brak takiego dostępu. Wykładniki tych kategorii wyraźnie oddzielają informację opartą na własnym doświadczeniu lub percepcji od świadectwa innych osób, i tym samym nie pozwalają traktować świadectwa innych jako podstawowego i bezpośredniego źródła uprawomocnienia dla naszych przekonań – na równi z percepcją, jak proponują antyredukcjoniści. Prowadzi to do paradoksu, bowiem stanowisko antyredukcjonistyczne odwołuje się do filozofii zdrowego rozsądku i tzw. pierwszych zasad poznania, które według Thomasa Reida mają odbicie w strukturze języków naturalnych, a tymczasem główne tezy antyredukcjonizmu są niemożliwe do pogodzenia ze strukturą gramatyczną przynajmniej jednej czwartej języków.
Competence based training in equestrian sports
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Chudinovskikh A. V. , Ksenofontova P. S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: August 2024

A competency-based approach in equestrian sports can help improve the effectiveness of training. The purpose of the study was to develop the structure and content of the equestrian athlete's competencies, as well as the approaches to their formation. The results of the study include the examples describing competencies and test tasks for their assessment. As models of basic competencies in the training of equestrian athletes, the following ones have been highlighted: the ability to take proper care of an animal, the ability to saddle a horse and adjust ammunition, the ability to control the performance of basic motor actions by a horse. The content of each of these competencies is structured in the form of components: knowledge, understanding, and a skill. The proposed pedagogical tools for quantifying the level of formation of competencies and personal qualities can be used in the training of equestrian coaches.
Enhancement of Cordycepin Production through Liquid Static Fermentation of Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes)
Authors: Borde Mahesh , Kumawat Shweta , Singh Sanjay K.
Published: August 2024

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a bioactive nucleoside analog synthesized by Cordyceps militaris. Liquid fermentation of C. militaris by addition in different concentrations of five additives singly was evaluated. Glycine at 15.00 g/L after 20 d enhanced the cordycepin of 1773.33 mg/L (15-fold increment over control). Adenine at 4.00 g/L and 6.00 g/L in the liquid media showed significantly higher cordycepin i.e.1596.66 mg/L and 1550.00 mg/L (3-fold increment over control) after 40 d. Tryptone supplementation 14.00 g/L significantly higher cordycepin 784.33 mg/L (6.70-fold increment over control) and 912.66 mg/L production after 20 and 40 d of inoculation. Peanut oil at 10.00 g/L produced 585.66 mg/L (5-fold increment over control) cordycepin after 20 d and after 40 d, also addition of peanut oil at 20.00 g/L and 30.00 g/L in the media showed 631.66 and 624.31 mg/L cordycepin content. Supplementation of mono-sodium glutamate at 0.30 g/L produced significantly highest cordycepin i.e. 614 mg/L and 635.00 mg/L cordycepin after 20 and 40 d, respectively.
Inhibitory Effects of the Methanol Extract of the Golden Chanterelle Mushroom, Cantharellus cibarius (Agaricomycetes) in Treating a Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line
Authors: Shall Antonio , Dadey Eric , Wu Qiong , Qian Zhijian , Xu Zhihong
Published: August 2024

Currently available treatments for acute myeloid leukemia exhibit side effects that limit their use, with primary and secondary resistance as persistent issues. While edible mushrooms possess nutritional value, they are also an excellent source of bioactive compounds that may have the potential to treat multiple disease states. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of chromatographic fractions from the methanol extract of Cantharellus cibarius in a human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line MV4-11. The mushrooms were purchased from a grocery store, the fruiting bodies were triturated and then extracted with 99.9% methanol to generate a crude extract. This crude extract was then redissolved in methanol, filtered over cotton to remove insoluble solids, and then fractionated over Sephadex® LH-20. Each fraction was dried and then analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. A typical UV wavelength was selected for the detection of possible anticancer compounds in C. cibarius based on the major chromophores in main fungal anticancer agents reported. Based on chromatographic profiles, specific fractions that might contain potential anticancer agents were combined, and the inhibitory activity of the combined fractions was assessed against the MV4-11 leukemia cell line. Data confirmed that one combined fraction LH-20F-IV showed the greatest degree of in vitro inhibitory activity against the selected cell line. Fast determination of the potential anticancer compound containing fraction was completed through the application of reported chemoinformatics on HPLC detection of possible chromophores in potential anticancer agents, in combination with cellular bioassays.
Actualización Clínica Quirúrgica, Segunda Edición
Authors: Vega Vasco Juan Marcelo , Burbano Juela Rubén Santiago ,   Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Quezada Miranda Edgar Lizandro ,   Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Guaranda Acuña Darío Daniel ,   Ministerio de Salud Pública, Hospital El Triunfo
Published: August 2024

La presente publicación médica, trata diversas patologías clínico quirúrgicas, que ayudarán a los profesionales y estudiantes salubristas a guiarse de manera sencilla, aplicando de una forma práctica los diversos saberes y experiencia aquí compilados.
Disinflation Progress: A Comparison of Advanced Economies
Authors: Soyres François de , Lofstrom Grace , Lott Mitch , Machol Chris , Saijid Zina
Published: August 2024

Following several decades of low inflation in most advanced economies, the Covid pandemic gave rise to unprecedented global economic conditions, materializing in a synchronized surge in price pressures. In this note, we analyze the recent inflation burst and assess the disinflation progress across advanced economies.
School-related gender-based violence: A call for action in occupational therapy
Authors: Swartz-Filies Sylnita , Plastow Nicola Ann , Filies Gerard
Published: August 2024

School-related Gender-based Violence (SRGBV) is a sub-set of gender-based violence (GBV) that occurs in primary and secondary school settings. SRGBV is a daunting reality, a crime against humanity, and therefore a human rights issue. Responsive SRGBV programmes need to be dynamic, and determined by the needs of communities and learners. If the Department of Basic Education (DBE) wants to remain relevant in supporting communities into becoming safe spaces for all, it needs to promote safe community models with adequate flexibility. Although school-based occupational therapists are a human resource of the DBE, traditionally occupational therapists have not been involved in addressing SRGBV in school settings in South Africa. This opinion paper elaborates on the context within which school-based occupational therapists can reframe SRGBV as an occupational injustice, and develop life skills interventions that address SRGBV. Recommendations for action are made using existing frameworks such as the Participatory Occupational Justice Framework, and the INSPIRE framework of the United Nations. It encourages school-based occupational therapists to become activists that promote occupational justice, and are leaders in the prevention of and intervention for SRGBV.