bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive map self-organization from subjective visuomotor experiences in a hierarchical recurrent neural network
Authors: Noguchi Wataru , Iizuka Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Masahito
Published: May 2017

Animals develop and use cognitive maps, which are internal models of the external environment, to understand the spatial characteristics of their natural environment. Previous studies have shown that a hierarchical structure of recurrent neural networks contributes to the extraction of high-level concepts in sequential sensorimotor experiences. However, the previous studies did not focus on the spatial aspects of these experiences and did not acquire cognitive maps. We modified previous models and trained the proposed model with the visuomotor experiences of an agent in a simulated two-dimensional environment. The proposed model was trained to predict future visual and motion inputs even when only one modality was provided (crossmodal prediction). The proposed model correctly predicted visual images, even when the agent experienced unknown paths. Comparisons of the crossmodal predictions of the models under different conditions revealed that the crossmodal predictions related to motion resulted in self-organization of the cognitive map. Further experiments of mental simulation abilities showed that two-way crossmodal predictions (from vision and motion only) were required for consistent generation of vision and motion. These results indicated that predictive learning involving integrated vision and motion was necessary for self-organization of spatial recognition with a cognitive map.
Increasing the Use of Comparative Quality Information in Maternity Care: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maurer Maureen , Carman Kristin L. , Yang Manshu , Firminger Kirsten , Hibbard Judith
Published: May 2017

This randomized controlled trial tested an intervention to increase uptake of hospital-level maternity care quality reports among 245 pregnant women in North Carolina (123 treatment; 122 control). The intervention included three enhancements to the quality report offered to the control: (a) biweekly text messages or e-mails directing women to the website, (b) videos and materials describing the relevance of quality measures to pregnant women’s interests, and (c) tools to support discussions with clinicians. Compared with controls, intervention participants were significantly more likely to visit the website and report adopting behaviors to inform care, such as thinking through preferences, talking with their doctor, or creating a birth plan. Reports designed to put quality information into the larger context of what consumers want and need to know, along with targeted and timely communications, can increase consumer use of quality information and prompt them to talk with providers about care preferences and evidence-based practices.
I Said No: The Impact of Voicing Non-Consent on Women’s Perceptions of and Responses to Rape
Authors: Cook Natalie K. , Messman-Moore Terri L.
Published: May 2017

The current study explored the impact of voicing non-consent in relation to rape. Aims of the study included determining (a) the prevalence of voicing non-consent, (b) the relationship of voicing non-consent to verbal and physical resistance, and (c) whether voicing non-consent predicts distress and rape acknowledgment. Out of 262 college women who experienced rape, 81% voiced non-consent. Voicing non-consent was related to verbal and physical resistance, but was distinct in prevalence and prediction of distress. Voicing non-consent was associated with trauma-related symptoms in multivariate models. Women who voiced non-consent were more likely to acknowledge their experience as rape or sexual assault. Implications are discussed.
Uncovering the Linkages between Hrm and Organisational Performance
Authors: Mcbain Richard
Published: May 2017

HRM systems are costly investments, but how can they add the most value and how can managers know they have invested in the correct solutions? This Manager Update answers these questions, as well as explaining the process of how HRM systems can impact on performance.
Do Leaders Make a Difference
Authors: Tuner Ian
Published: May 2017

Do leaders impact the performance of organisations? Should managers invest in developing leaders internally or recruit from the outside? And what is the value of charisma in a leader? In this Manager Update, Ian Turner draws on the latest research to answer these questions and in doing so offers practical tips for managers.
Innovation – the Engine of Growth
Authors: Foreman Susan
Published: May 2017

The importance of sustaining growth and developing strategies to do so is outlined in this edition of the Manager Update by Ian Turner. Susan Foreman focuses on what the marketer can do to sustain growth. In doing so, she argues that a focus on understanding customers, customer orientation and the role of marketing in acquisitions holds the key to what the marketer can offer.
In Pursuit of Growth
Authors: Turner Ian
Published: May 2017

Sustaining growth is critical to the long term success of a business. But how can a business sustain growth in increasingly commoditised and competitive markets? Should it follow the route of acquisitions, innovation or customer focus? Or should it look to new and emerging markets? Ian Turner reviews the latest research in strategy to answer these questions.
Is there a Pensions Crisis?
Authors: Mills Roger
Published: May 2017

How can companies continue to provide for the pensions of ageing populations? Will there be a break down in the provision of pensions? And what can managers and companies do to avoid a crisis? The answer could lie in a focus on corporate governance and risk management, as well as cost control and greater contributions.
Strategies for Growth and Innovation
Authors: Turner Ian
Published: May 2017

How can companies continue to grow and innovate? How can they continue maximise the potential of established western markets while at the same time expanding into emerging markets such as China and India? A focus on simplicity, developing tailored strategies and taking account of the dangers of innovation provide some practical solutions.
People Value and that Elusive Human Factor
Authors: Mills Roger
Published: May 2017

Review of the Operating and Financial Review (OFR) is an important signal as to the significance of the human resource in the prospects of the business. As a result, the case for focusing upon the potential financial management of the human resource is recognised as important by finance directors. Prospective demographic changes predicted by the United Nations may have a very significant impact upon company performance and how employers will need to think about investing in people. A strong case for investing in people – because it may result in improved company performance and profitability – emerges from some US research.
The High Risk Scenario in the Global Economy
Authors: Weinstein Bill
Published: May 2017

The use of scenarios to depict forces of potential risk is demonstrated by economists alarmed by the imbalance between the debtor US and its creditors among Asia-Pacific central banks. One credible, if contested, pessimistic scenario until 2010 focuses on US debt, current account and government, which in the early 2000s had sustained growth led by consumer spending in the US and English-speaking countries. The crisis scenario over the current account deficit challenges the influence over risk thinking of alleged conventional wisdom based on favourable US economic performance data, IMF optimism about leading economies' future growth, and the questioning of the deficit itself as important and dangerous. The emerging interdependence of the US and China casts doubt on the feasibility of the radical economic and political changes that are needed to avoid a crisis that could seriously damage the global economy. Active preparation of risk management against the eventuality of a serious economic upheaval must weigh contested views of probability against less doubt about the severity of the damage if it were to occur.
Emerging Trends in Mergers and Acquisitions and the Importance of Private Equity and Hedge Funds
Authors: Mills Roger
Published: May 2017

This article explores the major reasons behind the current boom in M & A activity, paying particular attention to the significance of private equity and hedge funds in this boom. Might there be cause for concern about recent hedge fund growth?
Challenging Conventional Wisdom in R&D
Authors: Favato Giampiero , Mills Roger
Published: May 2017

With discontinuity in technology, it can be frustrating to gauge its influence on Research and Development structure. What managers need, therefore, is a framework to help them understand significant advances in technology – something that will enable them to anticipate new innovation paradigms. This article examines the way that an explosion of biotechnologies has forced managers to question the relevance of the former pharmaceutical R&D model. For companies like Procter & Gamble, being able to recognise big discontinuities in the innovation model – and being proactive about implementing change strategies – has helped them reshape their innovation models whilst staying competitive.
Anesthesia Duration as an Independent Risk Factor for Early Postoperative Complications in Adults Undergoing Elective ACDF
Authors: Phan Kevin , Kim Jun S. , Kim Joung Heon , Somani Sulaiman , Di’Capua John , Dowdell James E. , Cho Samuel K.
Published: May 2017

Study Design:

Retrospective study.

Objective:

To determine the presence of any potential associations between anesthesia time with postoperative outcome and complications following elective anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Methods:

Patients who underwent elective ACDF were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program database. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, and perioperative and postoperative complications up to 30 days were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:

A total of 3801 patients undergoing elective ACDF were identified. Patients were subdivided into quintiles of anesthesia time: Group 1, 48 to 129 minutes (n = 761, 20%); Group 2, 129 to 156 minutes (n = 760, 20%); Group 3, 156 to 190 minutes (n = 760, 20%); Group 4, 190 to 245 minutes (n = 760, 20%); and Group 5, 245 to 1025 minutes (n = 760, 20%). Univariate analysis showed significantly higher rates of any complication ( P < .0001), pulmonary complication ( P < .0001), intra-/postoperative blood transfusions ( P < .0001), sepsis ( P = .017), wound complications ( P = .002), total length of stay >5 days ( P < .0001), and return to operating room ( P = .006) in the highest quintile compared to those of other groups. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that prolonged anesthesia was an independent factor for increased odds of overall complications (odds ratio [OR] = 2.71, P = .012), venous thromboembolism (OR = 2.69, P = .011), and return to the operating room (OR = 2.92, P = .004). The 2 groups with the longest anesthesia durations (quintiles 4 and 5) had increased total length of stay more than 5 days (for quintile 4, OR = 3.10, P = .0004; for quintile 5, OR = 3.61, P < .0001).

Conclusion:

Prolonged anesthesia duration is associated with increased odds of complication, venous thromboembolism, increased length of stay, and return to the operating room.
20 Year Outcomes of ACL Reconstruction with Hamstring Tendon Autograft. Does Age Matter?
Authors: Roe Justin , Shah Feisal , Fitzgibbon Emma , Salmon Lucy , Linklater James , Pinczewski Leo
Published: May 2017

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to document the prospective longitudinal outcome of ‘isolated’ anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures treated with anatomical endoscopic reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft over 20 years. Long term outcomes were compared between those undergoing ACL reconstruction age 18 or less and those >18 years the time of surgery.

Methods:

A total of 100 consecutive men and 100 consecutive women with ‘isolated’ ACL rupture underwent four-strand hamstring tendon reconstruction with anteromedial portal femoral tunnel drilling and interference screw fixation by a single surgeon. At the time of ACL reconstruction 39 participants were aged 18 or less, 81 were aged 19 to 25 and 80 were over 25. Reviews were performed pre-operatively and at 1, 2, 7, 15 and 20 years post-operatively. Outcomes included further ACL injury, clinical examination, subjective and objective scoring systems, and radiological assessment.

Results:

Further ACL injury occurred in 55 of the 200 patients (28%), 37 ruptured the ACL graft and 22 ruptured the contralateral ACL. ACL graft rupture was significantly increased in the young; 39% in those aged 18 or less, 21% of those aged 19-25 and 6% of those over 25 years (p=0.001). Participants with a posterior tibial slope of 12 degrees or more sustained a further ACL injury in 65% of cases. Moderate to severe radiological degenerative change was evident in 14% at 20 years. Outcomes were not statistically different between those aged 18 or less and those >18 years for the variables of IKDC subjective score (p=0.98), rate of return to preinjury activity level (p=0.32), current activity level, or degree of radiological degenerative change at 20 years (p=0.65).

Conclusions:

ACL reconstructive surgery in patients with an ‘isolated’ rupture using this technique was associated with good long term outcomes and does not appear to cause osteoarthritis, regardless of age. However further ACL injury after ACL reconstruction is significantly more common in the young and those with a high posterior tibial slope. **This study was performed with support from AOA Research Foundation
Quantitative MRI Evaluation of Tunnel placement in ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Parker David A. , Grasso Samuel , Scholes Corey , Fritsch Brett , Li Qing
Published: May 2017

Introduction:

Positioning of the graft ACL in the native footprint center is important to replicate the anatomy and function of the ACL for each individual patient. It is known that incorrect bone tunnel placement for the reconstructed ligament is a contributor to poor clinical outcomes postoperatively. Currently the success of tunnel placement is determined by training and experience of the treating surgeon and there is no universally accepted quantifiable and objective method to evaluate the execution of these decisions. The goal of this project was to develop a quantitative routine assessment to assist pre-surgical planning and also evaluate the execution of femoral and tibial bone tunnel placement in ACL reconstructed knees.

Methods:

The study recruited failed primary ACL reconstructed patients (N=25) who consented to undergo revision ACL reconstruction to establish the placement of the graft ACL tunnel apertures in the femur and tibia. Prior to surgery each participant underwent high resolution 3 T MRI of their injured knee and 3D models were generated through segmentation of soft and hard tissue knee structures. During surgery previous graft tunnels and prominent reference landmarks visible on MRI and arthroscopically were registered using intraoperative navigation to act as the reference standard. The placement of the tunnel apertures in the femur and tibia were measured in all three planes using a novel measurement method.

Results:

Preliminary result show that the measurement method can assess the placement of tunnel apertures in the femur and tibia within 0.1 – 1.0 mm of the intraoperative data, using reference landmarks identifiable in MRI and arthroscopically. Additionally, the area of the tunnel aperture, bone tunnel volume can be evaluated. Reliability and validation of the novel method is ongoing using medical imaging and intraoperative navigation to register the placement of bone tunnels in revision ACL reconstruction patients.

Conclusions:

Correct placement of graft ACL bone tunnels inside the native ACL footprint is critical to the outcome of ACL reconstruction. Development of an accurate reproducible method for assessment of tunnel placement relative to the anatomical footprint should provide a simple method for objectively assessing ACL reconstructions. Preliminary results of this routine assessment suggests that graft tunnel placement can be objectively assessed to assist clinicians to evaluate and improve ACL reconstruction technique and evaluation of ACL reconstruction outcomes.
Nothing Was Funny in the Late Middle Ages: The “Tale of Ryght Nought” and British Library, MS Egerton 1995
Authors: Cooper Lisa H.
Published: May 2017

London, British Library, MS Egerton 1995 is a well-known miscellany of the late Middle Ages, filled like others of its kind with practical and didactic texts meant to assist its readers in their attempts at social, economic, and spiritual self-improvement. But it also contains a heretofore ignored lyric, the paradoxical “Tale of Ryght Nought.” This essay reads the poem as a playful but important response to the manuscript in which it is found and the culture that produced it. The essay touches upon issues ranging from the drive for material gain to the fear of social demotion, and from the doctrine of creation ex nihilo to the threat of Doomsday. But it also attends for the first time to many of the early modern marginalia in the manuscript, marks that reveal how several later readers responded to and ultimately transformed the themes of material and social value that Egerton 1995 so carefully curates.
Alphabetizing the Nation: Medieval British Origins in Thomas Elyot's Dictionary
Authors: Bernau Anke
Published: May 2017

Reading Thomas Elyot's Dictionary, this essay examines the legacy of medieval chronicle and fable for the early modern period. Elyot's influential work, here considered in its 1542 edition as Bibliotheca Eliotae, contains entries for both “Albion” and “Britannia,” topics which plunged the work straight into the problematic inheritance of Galfridian history, recently discredited at Henry VIII's court by the Italian humanist Polydore Vergil. Elyot presents, only to dismiss, medieval legendary origins for Albion and Britain, using what he calls similitudo to find alternative explanations. His dictionary thereby transforms misleading medieval fables into something more “fitting” for England in the early days of the Reformation. Yet similitude remains problematic for Elyot; replacing the medieval Brutus legend with a story that privileges the humanist reconstruction of the illegible fragments of the past, Elyot does not avoid uncomfortable reminiscences of the senseless destruction of past cultural objects.
Generating minicorneal organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Susaimanickam Praveen Joseph , Maddileti Savitri , Kumar Vinay , Boyinpally Sreedhar Rao , Naik Ramavat Ravinder , Naik Milind N. , Reddy Geereddy Bhanuprakash , Sangwan Virender Singh , Mariappan Indumathi
Published: May 2017

Corneal epithelial stem cells residing within the annular limbal crypts regulate adult tissue homeostasis. Autologous limbal grafts and tissue engineered corneal epithelial cell sheets have been widely used in the treatment of various ocular surface defects. In case of bilateral limbal defects, pluripotent stem cell (PSC) derived corneal epithelial cells are now being explored as an alternative to allogeneic limbal grafts. We report here an efficient method to generate complex three dimensional corneal organoids from human PSCs. The eye field primordial (EFP) clusters that emerged from differentiating PSCs developed into whole eye ball-like, self-organized, three dimensional, miniature structures consisting of retinal primordia (RP), corneal primordia (CP), primitive eye lid-like outer covering and ciliary margin zone-like adnexal tissues in a step-wise maturation process within 15 weeks. These minicorneal organoids recapitulate the early developmental events in vitro and displayed similar anatomical features and marker expression profiles as that of adult corneal tissues and offers an alternative tissue source for regenerating different layers of the cornea and eliminates the need for complicated cell enrichment procedures.
Functional morphology of tarsal adhesive pads and attachment ability in ticksIxodes ricinus(Arachnida, Acari, Ixodidae)
Authors: Voigt Dagmar , Gorb Stanislav
Published: May 2017

The presence of well-developed, elastic claws on ticks and widely pilose hosts led us to hypothesise that ticks are mostly adapted to attachment and locomotion on rough, strongly corrugated and hairy, felt-like substrates. However, by using a combination of morphological and experimental approaches, we visualised the ultrastructure of attachment devices of Ixodes ricinus and showed that this species adheres more strongly to smooth surfaces than to rough ones. Between paired, elongated, curved, elastic claws, I. ricinus bears a large, flexible, foldable adhesive pad, which represents an adaptation to adhesion on smooth surfaces. Accordingly, ticks attached strongest to glass and to surface profiles similar to those of the human skin, generating safety factors (attachment force relative to body weight) up to 534 (females). Considerably lower attachment force was found on silicone substrates and as a result of thanatosis after jolting.
Antagonistic actions of two human Pan3 isoforms on global mRNA turnover
Authors: Chen Chyi-Ying A. , Zhang Yueqiang , Xiang Yu , Han Leng , Shyu Ann-Bin
Published: May 2017

Deadenylation is a fundamental process that regulates eukaryotic gene expression. Mammalian deadenylation exhibits biphasic kinetics, with the Pan2–Pan3 and Ccr4–Caf1 deadenylase complexes mediating the first and second phase, respectively; however, the significance of the biphasic nature of deadenylation in mRNA turnover remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that two distinct isoforms of human Pan3 display opposing properties necessary for coordinating the two phases of deadenylation. The shorter isoform (Pan3S) interacts more strongly with PABP than the longer isoform (Pan3L) does. Pan2 deadenylase activity is enhanced by Pan3S but suppressed by Pan3L. Knocking down individual Pan3 isoforms has opposing effects on the global poly(A) tail length profile, P-body formation, and different mRNA decay pathways. Transcriptome-wide analysis of Pan3 knockdown effects on mRNA turnover shows that depleting either Pan3 isoform causes profound and extensive changes in mRNA stability globally. These results reveal a new fundamental step governing mammalian mRNA metabolism. We propose that the first phase of deadenylation, coordinated through the interplay among the two Pan3 isoforms, Pan2, and PABP, represents a cytoplasmic mRNA maturation step important for proper mRNA turnover.
From disease modelling to personalised therapy in patients with CEP290 mutations
Authors: Molinari Elisa , Srivastava Shalabh , Sayer John A. , Ramsbottom Simon A.
Published: May 2017

Mutations that give rise to premature termination codons are a common cause of inherited genetic diseases. When transcripts containing these changes are generated, they are usually rapidly removed by the cell through the process of nonsense-mediated decay. Here we discuss observed changes in transcripts of the centrosomal protein CEP290 resulting not from degradation, but from changes in exon usage. We also comment on a landmark paper (Drivas et al. Sci Transl Med. 2015) where modelling this process of exon usage may be used to predict disease severity in CEP290 ciliopathies, and how understanding this process may potentially be used for therapeutic benefit in the future.
The advantage of channeling nucleotides for very processive functions
Authors: Zala Diana , Schlattner Uwe , Desvignes Thomas , Bobe Julien , Roux Aurélien , Chavrier Philippe , Boissan Mathieu
Published: May 2017

Nucleoside triphosphate (NTP)s, like ATP (adenosine 5’-triphosphate) and GTP (guanosine 5’-triphosphate), have long been considered sufficiently concentrated and diffusible to fuel all cellular ATPases (adenosine triphosphatases) and GTPases (guanosine triphosphatases) in an energetically healthy cell without becoming limiting for function. However, increasing evidence for the importance of local ATP and GTP pools, synthesised in close proximity to ATP- or GTP-consuming reactions, has fundamentally challenged our view of energy metabolism. It has become evident that cellular energy metabolism occurs in many specialised ‘microcompartments’, where energy in the form of NTPs is transferred preferentially from NTP-generating modules directly to NTP-consuming modules. Such energy channeling occurs when diffusion through the cytosol is limited, where these modules are physically close and, in particular, if the NTP-consuming reaction has a very high turnover,i.e. is very processive. Here, we summarise the evidence for these conclusions and describe new insights into the physiological importance and molecular mechanisms of energy channeling gained from recent studies. In particular, we describe the role of glycolytic enzymes for axonal vesicle transport and nucleoside diphosphate kinases for the functions of dynamins and dynamin-related GTPases.
Referencing cross-reactivity of detection antibodies for protein array experiments
Authors: Lemass Darragh , O'Kennedy Richard , Kijanka Gregor S.
Published: May 2017

Protein arrays are frequently used to profile antibody repertoires in humans and animals. High-throughput protein array characterisation of complex antibody repertoires necessitates the use of extensively validated secondary detection antibodies. This article details the validation of an affinity-isolated anti-chicken IgY antibody produced in rabbit and a goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody conjugated with alkaline phosphatase using protein arrays consisting of 7,390 distinct human proteins. Probing protein arrays with secondary antibodies in absence of chicken serum revealed non-specific binding to 61 distinct human proteins. Despite the identified non-specific binding, the tested antibodies are well suited for use in protein array experiments as the cross-reactive binding partners can be readily excluded from further analysis. The evident cross-reactivity of the tested secondary detection antibodies points towards the necessity of platform-specific antibody characterisation studies for all secondary immunoreagents. Furthermore, secondary antibody characterisation using protein arrays enables the generation of reference lists of cross-reactive proteins, which can be then marked as potential false positives in follow-up experiments. Providing such cross-reactivity reference lists accessible to the wider research community may help to interpret data generated with the same antibodies in applications not only related to protein arrays such as immunoprecipitation, Western blots or other immunoassays.
no
Authors: Ещенко Олег , Eshchenko Oleg , Болгов Игорь , Bolgov Igor
Published: May 2017

In this article an example of Tuapse refinery examines the relationship deformations tank foundation and pile retaining structures at various embodiments, the construction of both objects. The finite element method determined the effect of tech-energy building by the amount of heel tank. Advice on selecting the best option erection paired structures
Crystal structure of a proton
Authors: Сурнин  , Surnin S.
Published: May 2017

Is represented by the system of models the crystalline structure of a Proton, consistent with the known empirical data on sensing a Proton, proton and anti-Proton annihilation, strong nuclear interactions and process of disintegration of peonies.
EMPLOYMENT AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF DECENT WORK IN RUSSIA
Authors: Макушина  , Makushina L. , Альхименко  , Alkhimenko O.
Published: May 2017

The article studied the problem of employment in Russia within the concept of the ILO “Decent work”. The causes of unemployment and non-standard forms of employment are identified, the foreign experience (Eric Brynjolfsson, McAfee) is given, which is relevant to this problem. The possible impact and consequences of technological progress and robotics on the labor market in Russia are considered. Rationalization of production in itself does not guarantee increased employment, training, health improvement and income growth. On the contrary, it often leads to job losses, depreciation of professional skills, to simplify and strict regulation of the labor process, and increased stress on workers. In this regard, the article suggests directions of combating unemployment and increasing the quantity and quality of employment.
MICROSTRUCTURE HYDRATION PRODUCTS BINDING COMPOSITION OBTAINED IN THE VORTEX JET MILL
Authors: Золотых  , Zolotykh Sergey , Сумской  , Sumskoy Dmitriy , Загороднюк  , Zagorodnyuk Liliya , Канева  , Kaneva Elena
Published: May 2017

Zagorodnuk L.H., Sumy D.A., Golden S.V., Kaneva E.V.

MICROSTRUCTURE HYDRATION PRODUCTS BINDING COMPOSITION OBTAINED IN THE VORTEX JET MILL

By electron microscopy to study the microstructure of the cement stone made from Portland cement and activated binders of the compositions in the vortex jet mill. It was found that the open pores of the cement and cementitious compositions prepared using perlite fillers, always filled with tumors, at different stages of collective growth. The microstructure of cementitious compositions has a dense structure by rationally selected composition, effective use of mineral filler - perlite waste, creating additional support for the formation of the internal microstructure of the composite, mechanical activation raw mixture, allowing to obtain composites with desired properties.
DETERMINATION PATH OF MOVEMENT CENTER OF THE RING DURING CENTERLESS MACHINING
Authors: Дуганов  , Duganov Vladimir , Сумской  , Sumskoy Aleksandr
Published: May 2017

In the given work, present the study of factors depending on elastic deformation of the products and the shift of its axis of rotation in the space, on the accuracy of centerless processing of large products. It allows increasing the quality of of support assemblies of large rotating devices, by enhancing machining precision of the functional surfaces. What becomes very important during mounting and of the repairs machine by portable modules in the mining and construction industries.
Features of Audit Activity in the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Березюк  , Berezyuk V.
Published: May 2017

The article considers the problems associated with the definition and assessment of audit risks in modern conditions, the classification of risks in order to select participants in foreign economic activities for the conduct of state audit, the stages of the risk management system, as well as response measures, which, in the author’s opinion, should provide prevention, minimization and elimination of risks.
PROBLEMS AND MECHANISM OF STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION IN THE ORGANIZATION SYSTEM "ENTERPRISE-COLLEGE"
Authors: Морозова Анна , Morozova Anna
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this work consists in the presenta-tion of the results in the theoretical generalization of management problem in the organization system of "enterprise-college" and also in solving a problem of retraining cost minimization and adaptation of young specialists in organizational system of this kind. In the paper the general approaches to solving a problem of managing the structure in the organization system "enterprise-college" are considered, and allow-ing to realize its purpose - ensuring staff quality of the industrial enterprises established by professional quali-ty standards to perform the job functions depending on a type of professional activity by means of development and realization of assessment mechanisms of formation level of competence system of university graduates and competitive selection of young specialists according to their system for replacement of the vacant positions which are available on the enterprises. In the course of the investigation the methods of a system analysis, comparison, target setting and objects modeling were used. As a result of the research the classification of management tasks of the structure in the organizational system "enterprise-college" is developed; mathematical model of retraining cost minimization and adaptation of young specialists hired to fill vacant engineering posts; prerequisites and limitations for the formation and subsequent growth of the organizational system "enterprise-college" are identified. Conclusions. The search for solutions to manage-ment problem in the organization system "enterprise-college" offers such options of its formation and subse-quent optimization which allow not only to minimize average specific costs for retraining and adaptation of young specialists hired by the enterprise to fill vacant posts but also to solve more complicated task - to re-duce costs for retraining and adaptation of each young specialist having an individual structural and level con-figuration of professional competences system and hired to fill a vacant engineering post of a certain type meeting the requirements of professional standards, manufacturing process management and priorities in the system of professional competences of the expert. The implementation of such "personalized" approach makes a significant contribution to the general decrease in product cost at the enterprise.
Ecological and Hygienic Assessment of Ivanovo Region’s Soils Quality
Authors: Румянцев  , Rumyancev I. , Дунаев  , Dunaev A. , Сивухин  , Sivuhin A. , Марков  , Markov D. , Гриневич  , Grinevich V.
Published: May 2017

This paper is dedicated to an integrated environmental assessment of soil cover in the Ivanovo Region’s territory. Using modern instrumental methods of analytical control has been determined a content of gross and mobile forms for Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe in the soil. The analysis of the soils ecological state in the period from 2010 to 2014 has been performed. It has been found that the region soils are generally characterized by relatively low levels of heavy metals contamination. Areas with high concentrations of heavy metals’ mainly mobile forms are local ones. For the first time in Ivanovo region has been performed an assessment related to potential risk of soil contamination for the public health. Comparison of experimental results with statistical materials on morbidity and mortality, as well as the subsequent analysis of the obtained data together with the results of sanitary-hygienic research allow highlight the most contaminated areas, and identify potential sources of negative impacts, as well as to conduct ecological and hygienic assessment for investigated region’s soil status. Using of vivid cartographical techniques allows visually assess the scale of contamination for Ivanovo region’s soil cover, and reveal this information to the public in a timely manner.
Updating of Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education in the Direction of «Technosphere security»: Draft Standards and Their Implementation. Part 1 — Bachelor’s Degree Program
Authors: Девисилов  , Devisilov Vladimir , Симакова  , Simakova E.
Published: May 2017

The article gives the information on the modern state of education in the group 20.00.00 — «Technospheric Security and Environmental Management». The attention is paid to the contribution of educational and methodological associations in the formation of the structure of modern multilevel education in Russia. The contribution of educational and methodological association to the creation of specialties and directions in the field of safety, protection of the environment and rational nature management and the creation of new state educational standards is indicated. The problems of the application of updated educational standards of the third generation are analyzed and ways of solving them by creating exemplary basic educational programs with compulsory sections for universities are suggested. The combination of federal state educational standards and exemplary basic educational programs forms the normative and recommendatory base for the further development of higher education, which ensures the unity of the educational space and the variability of education. The project of the updated federal state educational standard of the bachelor degree in the direction of «Technospheric security», updated in accordance with existing professional standards, is presented. The standard is submitted for approval to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. This publication opens a series of publications of updated educational standards and approximate basic educational programs for the enlarged group of specialties and areas 20.00.00 — «Technospheric security and environmental management» with comments and methodological recommendations for their implementation and information on the practice of their implementation.
Process simulation of tool and blank stochastic interaction in grinding operations
Authors: Братан Сергей , Bratan Sergey , Богуцкий Владимир , Bogutsky Vladimir , Новоселов Юрий , Novosyolov Yuriy , Рощупкин Станислав , Roshchupkin Stanislav
Published: May 2017

The interaction analysis of abrasive grain tip contact probability with the material, number, the form and length of single cuts at finishing processes of flat grinding is presented. It is shown that when passing a contact area of a blank with a disk a grain can cut material off, if it falls on one of protrusions of surface roughness, or will not cut it, if it falls on one of roughness cavities. The dependencies obtained in the work allow estimating the influence of a grinding mode and tool characteristics on the length of single cuts, defining basic parameters of a grinding process, watching regularities in the formation of micro-relief formation on the surface worked and forming its rated profile which can be obtained at the operation fulfillment. The example of the computation and formation of a theoretical profile of a surface micro-relief is shown.
Approach to Unstructured Pedagogical Problem Situations Strategy Analysis Teaching
Authors: Погожина  , Pogozhina V.
Published: May 2017

The work describes the training of future teachers with approximate basis of action on unstructured pedagogical problem situation analysis. Training is built on the basis of problem training in combination with the system-activity approach and the technology of step-by-step formation of mental actions. The empirical research involved graduate students from 10 diff erent postgraduate schools of the Higher School of Economics, past pedagogical practice, future teachers of higher education. The experiment shows that the content of knowledge on the composition and structure of steps which are to be implemented in order to analyze unstructured problems are the external cause of enhancing the eff ectiveness of the unstructured problem solving in number and categorical diversity of developed solutions.
Recent publications on trauma and resilience
Authors: Koch Hugh
Published: May 2017

This article reviews publications on trauma and how it affects people; post-traumatic growth and the development of emotional resilience. Relevance to nurses' understanding and therapy skills and awareness are illustrated
The evolution of an uncemented acetabular component in alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty has improved clinical outcome
Authors: García-Rey E. , Cruz-Pardos A. , García-Cimbrelo E.
Published: May 2017

Aims

To determine the effect of a change in design of a cementless ceramic acetabular component in fixation and clinical outcome after total hip arthroplasty

Patients and Methods

We compared 342 hips (302 patients) operated between 1999 and 2005 with a relatively smooth hydroxyapatite coated acetabular component (group 1), and 337 hips (310 patients) operated between 2006 and 2011 using a similar acetabular component with a macrotexture on the entire outer surface of the component (group 2). The mean age of the patients was 53.5 (14 to 70) in group 1 and 53.0 (15 to 70) in group 2. The mean follow-up was 12.7 years (10 to 17) for group 1 and 7.2 years (4 to 10) for group 2.

Results

No hips were revised due to complications related to bearing fracture or to stem loosening. A total of 15 acetabular components were revised for aseptic loosening in group 1 and two in group 2. The survival rate for acetabular component aseptic loosening at eight years was 96.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 94.8 to 98.7) for group 1 and 99.2% (95% CI 98.0 to 100) for group 2. The risk for aseptic loosening of the acetabular component was higher in group 1 (p = 0.04, Hazard Ratio (HR) 4.99), dysplastic acetabula (p = 0.01, HR 4.12), components outside Lewinnek´s zone (p < 0.001, HR 6.13) and in those with a hip rotation centre distance greater than 5 mm (p = 0.005, HR 4.09).

Conclusion

Alumina ceramic-on-ceramic THA is an excellent option for young patients. Although newer components appeared to improve fixation, acetabular reconstruction is essential to obtain a satisfactory outcome. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:749–58.
Lumbar surgery prior to total hip arthroplasty is associated with worse patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Eneqvist T. , Nemes S. , Brisby H. , Fritzell P. , Garellick G. , Rolfson O.
Published: May 2017

Aims

The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of previous lumbar surgery in patients who undergo total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to investigate their patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) one year post-operatively.

Patients and Methods

Data from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register and the Swedish Spine Register gathered from 2002 to 2013 were merged to identify a group of patients who had undergone lumbar surgery before THA (n = 997) and a carefully matched one-to-one control group. We investigated differences in the one-year post-operative PROMs between the groups. Linear regression analyses were used to explore the associations between previous lumbar surgery and these PROMs following THA. The prevalence of prior lumbar surgery was calculated as the ratio of patients identified with previous lumbar surgery between 2002 and 2012, and divided by the total number of patients who underwent a THA in 2012.

Results

The prevalence of lumbar surgery prior to THA in 2012 was 3.5% (351 of 10 082). Linear regression analyses showed an association with more pain (B = 4.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.57 to 6.12), worse EuroQol (EQ)-5D index, (B = -0.089, 95% CI -0.112 to -0.066), worse EQ VAS (B = -6.75, 95% CI -8.58 to -4.92), and less satisfaction (B = 6.04, 95% CI 4.05 to 8.02).

Conclusion

Lumbar spinal surgery prior to THA is associated with less reduction of pain, worse health-related quality of life, and less satisfaction one year after THA. This is useful information to share in the decision-making process and may help establish realistic expectations of the outcomes of THA in patients who also have previously undergone lumbar spinal surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:759–65.
Does the type of graft affect the outcome of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?
Authors: Grassi A. , Nitri M. , Moulton S. G. , Marcheggiani Muccioli G. M. , Bondi A. , Romagnoli M. , Zaffagnini S.
Published: May 2017

Aims

Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of the outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, comparing the use of different types of graft.

Materials and Methods

A search was performed of Medline and Pubmed using the terms “Anterior Cruciate Ligament” and “ACL” combined with “revision”, “re-operation” and “failure”. Only studies that reported the outcome at a minimum follow-up of two years were included. Two authors reviewed the papers, and outcomes were subdivided into autograft and allograft. Autograft was subdivided into hamstring (HS) and bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB). Subjective and objective outcome measures were analysed and odds ratios with confidence intervals were calculated.

Results

A total of 32 studies met the inclusion criteria. Five studies used HS autografts, eight reported using BPTB autografts, two used quadriceps tendon autografts and eight used various types. Seven studies reported using allografts, while the two remaining used both BPTB autografts and allografts. Overall, 1192 patients with a mean age of 28.7 years (22.5 to 39) and a mean follow-up of 5.4 years (2.0 to 9.6) were treated with autografts, while 269 patients with a mean age of 28.4 years (25 to 34.6) and a mean follow-up of 4.0 years (2.3 to 6.0) were treated with allografts. Regarding allografts, irradiation with 2.5 mrad was used in two studies while the graft was not irradiated in the seven remaining studies. Reconstructions following the use of autografts had better outcomes than those using allograft with respect to laxity, measured by KT-1000/2000 (MEDmetric Corporation) and the rates of complications and re-operations. Those following the use of allografts had better mean Lysholm and Tegner activity scores compared with autografts. If irradiated allografts were excluded from the analysis, outcomes no longer differed between the use of autografts and allografts. Comparing the types of autograft, all outcomes were similar except for HS grafts which had better International Knee Documentation Committee scores compared with BPTB grafts.

Conclusion

Autografts had better outcomes than allografts in revision ACL reconstruction, with lower post-operative laxity and rates of complications and re-operations. However, after excluding irradiated allografts, outcomes were similar between autografts and allografts. Overall, the choice of graft at revision ACL reconstruction should be on an individual basis considering, for instance, the preferred technique of the surgeon, whether a combined reconstruction is required, the type of graft that was previously used, whether the tunnels are enlarged and the availability of allograft. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:714–23.
Inhibition of aluminum corrosion in 0.1 M Na2CO3 by Ricinus communis oil
Authors: Hamdou Imane , Essahli Mohamed , Lamiri Abdeslam
Published: May 2017

The study was carried out using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The inhibition efficiency was found around 87 % with 1600 ppm of inhibitor. The efficiency was accentuated with the increase of the concentration while it decreased with the rise of the temperature. Analysis of the polarization curves revealed that the Ricinus communis oil is considered as a mixed inhibitor. The Influence of the temperature was also studied, the values of the activation energy showed that the inhibition occurred by physisorption.
Interações Medicamentosas entre Antibióticos e Anticoncepcionais, presentes em Prescrições Médicas
Authors: Mendonça Deborah Soraia Brandçao , Rodrigues Rafael Luiz Araújo
Published: May 2017

O estudo trata sobre a ocorrência de interações medicamentosas entre antibióticos e anticoncepcionais numa farmácia de Vitória da Conquista. Conhecidos como pílulas anticoncepcionais, os contraceptivos são utilizados pela maioria da população feminina. Quando administradas junto com antimicrobianos, os contraceptivos podem não fazer efeito, deixando-as desprotegidas contra uma possível gravidez. Antibióticos são compostos naturais ou sintéticos capazes de inibir o crescimento ou causar a morte bactérias. Podem ser classificados como bactericidas, quando causam a morte da bactéria, ou bacteriostáticos, quando promovem a inibição do crescimento microbiano. Portanto este trabalho tem como objetivo a verificação do perfil da utilização e o reconhecimento das possíveis interações medicamentosas entre os antibióticos e anticoncepcionais. A metodologia trata-se de um estudo de levantamento de natureza qualitativa que tem como intervenção o esclarecimento ao paciente sobre as prescrições apresentadas no ambiente de uma farmácia.