bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourism In European Union Law
Authors: Villanueva-Cuevas Antonio
Published: March 2016

Tourism is a very important economic sector within the European Union, while also playing a key role in political, social and cultural integration. Nevertheless, the EU took a late interest in this sector, beginning only in the 1980s. Starting then, EU intervention in matters of tourism began to pass through a series of phases, during which EU performance was alternately more or less intense. A study of these phases reveals the consequences of a certain inefficiency as a result of the lack of sufficient legal support in the European Constitution for the development of a real EU policy in this sector. With the arrival of the 21st century, and as new EU powers in matters of tourism have been incorporated into the Lisbon Treaty, performance by the European Union in the tourism sector has changed its perspective, putting quality and competitiveness within reach through sustainability in the sector, a basic element of performance in matters of tourism.
Business Intelligence And Information Systems: Enhancing Student Knowledge In Database Courses
Authors: Olsen David H. , Bryant Pam-Dupin
Published: March 2016

Companies are increasingly relying on business intelligence (BI) for decision making. However, integration of BI into university business courses has not kept pace with market needs. The purpose of this paper is to outline an innovative business intelligence teaching module for management information systems (MIS) education. The module was designed to highlight the basic principles of business intelligence as well as provide an applied experience with Microsoft Visual Studio using the Analysis Services and Reporting framework. This teaching module seeks to provide Information Systems students a relevant introduction to BI, providing a springboard to expand BI knowledge and prepare students for success in the business world.
Smart Phone, Dumb Security
Authors: Rose Chris
Published: March 2016

Over one-third of Americans use a smartphone daily and recently there has been a substantial increase in the incidents of malicious software on these devices. Smartphones, being just miniature computers, suffer from the kinds of hacker exploits that were prevalent in the early days of the proliferation of the PC. However, the differences in the ecosystem of these phones with Android being open, Apple which is closed but can be opened and BlackBerry which is completely closed and encrypted, has a profound effect on the security of these devices.
A Case Study Of Determinants Of An Effective Cloud Computing Strategy
Authors: Lawler James , Joseph Anthony , Howell-Barber H. Howell-Barber
Published: March 2016

The cloud continues to be an area of information systems that is being adopted cautiously by business firms. The authors of this study analyze factors that can determine the effectiveness of a cloud strategy as firms invest in this computing method. The authors examine cloud computing strategy from a detailed case study and statistical interpretation of a sample of projects of firms and organizations. The findings impute that technical factors are driving cloud computing projects more than procedural factors and that projects in the study exhibit less discipline in methodology than might otherwise be helpful in enabling an initial cloud computing strategy. This study contributes a framework for a prudent cloud computing strategy that can help firms as they further invest in this method of technology.
Ubiquitous Smartphones, Zero Privacy
Authors: Rose Chris
Published: March 2016

If your smartphone has a GPS, your provider knows exactly where you are and where you have been as well as who you have contacted. In addition, tracking software which logs where you have been and what you did has been previously found on Apple's iPhone and just recently, Carrier IQ tracking software has been acknowledged to be on over 150 million smartphones. If this is combined with a recent government directive that no warrant is needed to access this information, then if you have a smartphone, you really have zero privacy.
Mobile Communication Device Usage: Perceptions of Non-Supervisory Employees
Authors: Muhammad Beverly , Wright Conja , Van Den Bussche Pamela J. , Klein Jaime
Published: March 2016

The increased usage of mobile communication devices (MCDs) in the workplace has been controversial regarding whether they increase or decrease productivity, whether work-life balance is affected by use, and whether employers have the right to monitor usage. This paper includes research that addressed each of these three issues linked to employee use of MCDs. Past research provided conflicting results in three areas - work-life balance, productivity, and employee monitoring. A quantitative study of 60 non-supervisory employees in Arizona, Michigan, and Illinois, consisting of an online survey, was carried out to determine perceptions of whether use of MCDs for work purposes affects work-life balance or productivity and perceptions on employers monitoring usage of work-issued MCDs. Sixty-seven percent of respondents stated that their duties require the use of MCDs and, of those 62%, each stated that his or her MCD is a Smartphone. The majority stated that Smartphones were MCDs given to them by the employer. Other MCDs were cell phones and tablets which, combined, accounted for 35% of the responses. Fifty-three percent of the respondents stated that the use of the MCD did not impact work-life balance, eighty-eight percent stated that the use of the MCD increased productivity, and eighty-seven percent stated that their employer does not monitor usage of their MCD. Research findings may vary and depend on participants. Supervisors may have different viewpoints. However, the required use of these devices in the workplace keeps increasing, so it is appropriate for employers to clearly find a benefit for their use.
Dimensions Of Security Threats In Cloud Computing: A Case Study
Authors: Nicho Mathew , Hendy Mahmoud
Published: March 2016

Even though cloud computing, as a model, is not new, organizations are increasingly implementing it because of its large-scale computation and data storage, flexible scalability, relative reliability, and cost economy of services. However, despite its rapid adoption in some sectors and domains, it is evident from research and statistics, that security-related threats are the most noticeable barrier to its widespread adoption. To investigate the reasons behind these threats, the authors used available literature to identify and aggregate information about IS security threats in cloud computing. Based on this information, the authors explored the dimensions of the nature of threat by interviewing a cloud computing practitioner in an organization that uses both the private and public cloud deployment models. From these findings, the authors found that IS security threats in cloud computing must be defined at different levels; namely, at the business and technical level, as well as from a generic and cloud-specific threat perspective. Based on their findings, the authors developed the Cloud Computing Threat Matrix (CCTM) which provides a two-dimensional definition of threat that enables cloud users to fully comprehend the concerns so that they can make relevant decisions while availing cloud computing services.
Key Actors In The Mobile Telephone Industry: Feature Phone Years And The Rise Of Nokia
Authors: Nagpal Pankaj , Lyytinen Kalle
Published: March 2016

We use historical data to study the feature phone (as different from smart phone) years of the mobile phone industry. This study relates to the years 1994 to 2004, at a time when the industry grew to a landmark of one billion mobile phones cumulative sales worldwide. Actor Network Theory (ANT) is used as a lens to understand the key alliances between selected mobile phone companies and other actants. In line with ANT, actants include consortia, service providers, and IT vendors. The leading mobile phone companies- Nokia, Samsung, and Motorola, display a number of characteristics and actions that have implications for the current and future state of the market. The study demonstrates the explanatory power of ANT. It is important to understand the earlier years of the industry to understand its current state, particularly with reference to Nokia and Samsung. The notion of path dependence suggests that these actors continue to leverage, or be weighed down, by their strengths and weaknesses traced back in history to feature phone years.
The Changing Shopping Culture: Internet Consumer Behavior
Authors: Eroglu Elif
Published: March 2016

Internet technology has prompted significant changes in many aspects of human life and society as well as in shopping culture. An important phenomenon, surrounding the human life as a continuum, is shopping through the Internet or e-commerce. Shopping through the Internet has interconnections with many disciplines such as law, economics, psychology, and marketing. Many academicians, researching in various disciplines, studied this issue, which is a dynamic field of study. However, the case is this, we can say that the studies about the reasons for shopping through Internet by the consumers are very new and few in number. Shopping through the Internet involves social, technological, economical, behavioral, and educational dimensions. There are many prior factors behind shopping through the Internet by the consumers. This study presents a theoretical explanation for online consumer behavior.
A Comparison Of Functionality Between Mobile Apps And Browser-Based Applications
Authors: Reavis David
Published: March 2016

The popularity of mobile apps is increasing at a rapid rate. The attraction for many users is the availability of software functionality on their mobile phone or tablet. One of the trade-offs with using a mobile app is the reduced functionality of the mobile app when compared with the functionality of a browser-based application. This study quantifies the level of functionality in both types of applications and compares five broad categories of mobile apps with their comparable browser-based applications to determine the amount of functionality that the user gives up when opting for the mobile app version of the software.
Book Review: Accounting Information Systems, 7th edition
Authors: Ames Gary A.
Published: March 2016

Book Review - Accounting Information Systems, 7th edition by Romney, Steinbart, and Cushing.
An Application Of A Data Mining Technique For Assessing The Risk Of Management Fraud
Authors: Deshmukh Ashutosh , Talluru Lakshminarayan
Published: March 2016

Data mining techniques identify relationships, patterns, trends, and predictive information form large and complex databases. This study demonstrates the use of a data mining technique to assess the risk of management fraud. We use a data mining tool to analyze the management fraud data, presence or absence of red flags in fraud and no fraud cases, collected by a Big Six firm. The ensuing results compare favorably with the statistical and neural network results obtained by the other studies. The study illustrates the ease of using data mining techniques by demonstrating the rapid development of models, querying capabilities, and ease of encoding statistical models in audit decision making.
Can Field-Based Studies Bridge The Accounting Information Systems Research Gap?
Authors: Baldwin Amelia A. , Sangster Alan
Published: March 2016

Over the last 15 years, numerous authors have suggested that opportunities for relevant real-world research are being missed, while a large portion of accounting research lacks relevance. Although most prominent in the management accounting literature, such comments are now increasingly addressed to accounting information systems (AIS). This paper reviews the literature calling for more relevant accounting research, identifies contributions field-based research makes to AIS, considers barriers to real-world research, and calls for a shift toward real-world AIS research.
A Data Dictionary Approach To Meeting User Requests For Accounting Information
Authors: Yuthas Kristi , Togo Dennis F.
Published: March 2016

In this era of massive data accumulation, dynamic development of large-scale data-bases and interfaces intended to be user-friendly, there is still an increasing demand on analysts as actual user access to databases is still not a common practice. A data dictionary approach, that includes providing users with a list of relevant data items within the database, can expedite the analysis of information requirements and the development of user-requested information systems. Furthermore, this approach enhances user involvement and reduces the demands on the analysts for systems devel-opment projects.
Accounting For Software Expenditures
Authors: Garceau Linda R. , Luecke Randall , Meeting David
Published: March 2016

The Financial Accounting Standards Board and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants have wrestled with the issue of the appropriate treatment for software development costs for many years. This article summarizes the professional pronouncements of the last 25 years that address this issue, identifying the business cir-cumstances when such costs should be capitalized and when they should be expensed.
Coverage Of Ethics In The Undergraduate AIS Course(s)
Authors: Theuri Peter M. , Turner Leslie D.
Published: March 2016

The potential for misuse of information due to proliferation of information technolo-gies and reduced control over information makes the inclusion of ethics in the AIS course extremely important. This study provides information about faculty perceptions on the importance of incorporating ethics in the AIS course(s). Results show that faculty rate internal control issues and financial reporting systems topics in the AIS course as most relevant topics for incorporating ethics. The results also show that respondents perceive the auditing course as most important in covering ethics with AIS ranked fourth after auditing, tax, and financial accounting. Additionally, about 34% of AIS faculty do not currently incorporate ethics in their AIS course. These results point to a need for increased awareness of the importance of incorporating ethics in the AIS course(s). Faculty limitations in covering ethics are also presented.
Delivery Of Accounting Information Systems Study Tools Through The Internet
Authors: Geerts Guido L. , Waddington Barbara A.
Published: March 2016

This paper presents the Internet as an alternative mechanism for delivering Accounting Information Systems (AIS) study tools. First, a comparison between Internet and tradi-tional delivery methods, such as pencil and paper, disk and CD-ROM is presented. The main advantages of the Internet over the other delivery forms are increased flex-ibility and ease of distribution. Next, we present an Internet study tool that was devel-oped for students learning cardinalities, which is a difficult data modeling topic cov-ered in many AIS courses. We first look at the design of the study tool. Then, we dis-cuss some of the features of the study tool: interactivity, multimedia, distribution and flexibility. Finally, we report some of the lessons learned from the actual delivery of the AIS study tool through the Internet.
Extranets and XML: The Next Internal Control Challenge
Authors: Elam Rick , Rezaee Zabihollah
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this article is to describe the shift of business-to-business trading from Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) to extranets and to discuss some of the internal con-trol challenges created by extranets and the eXtensible Markup Language (XML). This technology raises internal control issues because extranets use the World Wide Web to communicate and because XML is such a powerful and flexible programming language.
Budget-Related Behavior: Resolving A Portion Of The Performance Puzzle In The Management Accounting System
Authors: Seaman Alfred E. , Landry Jr. Raymond , Williams John J.
Published: March 2016

An integral component of the management accounting system in large organizations is the budgeting system. Multiple budget-related behaviors (BRBs) characterize what man-agers do in overseeing the work task environment of various departmental units to achieve performance goals. However, just as a four-wheel drive vehicle comes as a com-plete system, not all of its operating components are activated simultaneously under all conditions. In the BRB/performance linkage, uncertainties in the work task environment critically determine which BRBs must be emphasized or de-emphasized for optimal per-formance. This paper uses a structural equation approach to model this uncertainty contingency and ferret-out the appropriate set of significant BRBs. This identification, in turn, helps to resolve part of the performance puzzle.
Modeling Accounting Processes Using UML: The Drifters Example
Authors: Olsen David H. , Mills Robert J.
Published: March 2016

This paper includes a comprehensive case that details a simplified business system for the Drifters Snowboard Company. We include a description of the business processes of Drifters relative to the data needs which includes an entity-relationship (ER) dia-gram and a unified modeling language (UML) diagram. Both diagrams are con-structed to compare and contrast each method and to give those that perform modeling tasks a sense of some of the real world issues that are involved.In the past ten years, object-orientation has become viable and important in both the modeling and implementation arenas. Programming languages such as C++ and Java incorporate object-oriented (O-O) features and database management systems (DBMS) such as O2, ObjectStore, Poet, etc. and are advertised as "pure" O-O DBMS. Conversely, some systems such as Oracle, DB2, Sybase, SQL Serve,r etc. have incorporated some O-O features into essentially relational database technology in order to remain competitive.On the modeling dimension, the entity-relationship (E/R) diagramming method with its notable variants has been dominant for more than 20 years. This is probably due to its simplicity and its power to accurately represent the data needs of nearly all applica-tions. In the last 10 years however, O-O modeling has become increasingly popular because it correlates nicely to O-O implementations and because its modeling power is requisite for the greater complexity inherit in contemporary information systems. Re-cently, UML has become the de facto O-O modeling variant, so hence, we illustrate UML in the same case we use ER diagramming. The comparison and contrast is useful to those who are migrating to UML data modeling.
A Comprehensive Bibliography Of Professional Journal Articles On Accounting Information Systems
Authors: Schiff Andrew D. , Lavine Michael K.
Published: March 2016

This paper lists and organizes 280 articles on a wide range of contemporary accounting system trends, issues and technologies. The articles have been selected from issues of eight leading professional accounting journals that have been published during the past five years. They are listed alphabetically within publication, and are then grouped by topic. In addition, the articles are referenced to the top ten accounting system technolo-gies, applications and issues identified by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA, 2000). This bibliography should be of interest to accounting sys-tem professors who wish to update their instructional material, and to accounting sys-tem researchers and practitioners who are seeking current explanations and analyses of the many recent developments in accounting systems design, implementation and operation.
An Investigation Of Advanced Web Educational Applications In Accounting
Authors: Hofferd Thomas J. , White Clinton E.
Published: March 2016

The Accounting Education Series monograph (Albrecht and Sack 2001) is only the most recent call for changes in accounting education. The authors emphasize that the current model of accounting education is broken; as illustrated by the following characteristics: It involves too much lecture, dependence on textbooks, is too bound by class time, and maintains a "faculty knows best" attitude; It lacks creativity, does not develop students' ability to learn new skills, and does not exploit modern technology (Albrecht and Sack 2001).
Supplemental Materials For Database Management System Knowledge And Skills In The Accounting Information Systems Course
Authors: Pillsbury Ceil Moran , Wang Ting J.
Published: March 2016

Much attention has been paid to the issue of enhancing students' understanding of the increasing role of database systems in accounting practice and integrating the modeling/operational aspects of such systems into the classroom. Recent surveys indicate that a number of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) professors are expanding their coverage of database topics, albeit some are only doing so on a more cursory basis. This paper reviews the changing nature of database education in AIS classes and provides supplemental active learning instructional aids to enhance the conceptual database coverage in AIS texts. The materials provide Systems professors who have time/resource constraints or limited formal training on database systems with an easy to learn and easy to adopt set of Access 2000 exercises. Students implement a pre-designed relational data model and experience the creation and use of database tables, forms, queries and macros. The materials build on the data set present in the widely used Systems Understanding Aid by Arens and Ward (1995), but it is not necessary to use them in conjunction with that case.
A Decision Support System For Audit Staff Scheduling Of Multiple And Large-Scaled Engagements
Authors: Chang C. Janie
Published: March 2016

As raising cost of audit and shrinking audit market, the management of accounting firms have put into more efforts on increasing productivity by improving audit planning, upgrade audit technology and cost control. One avenue to accomplish cost savings while maintaining high audit quality is to refine staff scheduling. This study proposes a different approach to resolving audit staff scheduling for multiple and large engagements. The major advantage of the proposed method is to solve staff resource allocation problems by alleviating the limitations of both linear and integer programming. In addition, the objectives and constraints of models proposed in this study can be modified easily to adjust for firm-specific situations.
An Experiment To Assess The Learning Benefits Of Employing Accounting Software In The Classroom
Authors: O'Connell Brendan , Beaman Ian , De Lange Paul , Smyrnios Kosmas
Published: March 2016

This paper reports on an experiment analysing the development of students' understanding of accounting concepts by comparing three different teaching strategies: a traditional tutorial (workshop), exposure to a commercial accounting package, and a control group. Findings indicate that integration of a commercially available accounting package into accounting curricula does not significantly enhance students' understanding of accounting concepts. As this experiment employed a randomised allocation of students to groups, a control group, and identical pre and posttests, these findings are robust to alternative explanations such as learning styles and motivation.
XBRL And Its Potential Impact On Events Reporting
Authors: Olsen David H. , Jenson Richard L.
Published: March 2016

Financial accounting and reporting has been criticized for producing untimely, periodic, historical-ly-based, and highly-aggregated financial statements that fall far short of meeting the needs of the financial community. Especially recently, the accounting profession has been roundly criticized for its perceived role in highly publicized audit failures including Enron and WorldCom. Proponents of the events reporting paradigm assert that what is needed is an events reporting sys-tem that reports a wider range of relevant and disaggregated events that are free from the biased value judgments and allocations of management. This paper explores the possible role of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) in the movement toward such an events reporting approach. The web-based XBRL reporting languages allow for the tagging of web-reported business information to provide meaning and context to the information. XBRL pro-vides a platform-independent vehicle for the efficient exchange of business information. Developing XBRL reporting taxonomies will facilitate multi-company financial comparisons and provide a mechanism for obtaining more detail through drill-down analysis.
A Study Of Curriculum Issues Related To Teaching Accounting Information Systems
Authors: Riner H. Sam , Stinson Terrye A.
Published: March 2016

This paper evaluates factors that educators believe contribute to an effective AIS course. Based on a survey of 100 faculty members, there is a lack of consensus about whether to include a computerized simulation in AIS, but respondents who do are less satisfied with the course than those who do not. Faculty members who are very satisfied with their AIS course consider coverage of internal controls and transaction cycles to be most important.
Preface to the CIbSE 2014 Special Issue
Authors: Cernuzzi Luca , Marín Beatriz , Ayala Claudia , Giachetti Giovanni
Published: March 2016

This special issue of the CLEI Electronic Journal consists of extended and revised versions of the Best Paper Nominee articles presented at the XVII Ibero-American Conference on Software Engineering (CIbSE 2014), which took place in Pucón, Chile, in April 2014.
Preface to the Best Papers from CLEI 2014 Special Issue
Authors: Aguilar Jose , Astudillo Hernán , Baliosian Javier , Cancela Héctor , España Sergio , Ocampo Ernesto , Solari Martín , Zabala Paula
Published: March 2016

Issue 2 of volume 18 of the CLEI Electronic Journal presents a selection of the best papers from the XL Latin American Computing Conference (CLEI 2014).
Capataz: a framework for distributing algorithms via the World Wide Web
Authors: Martínez Gonzalo J. , Val Leonardo
Published: March 2016

In recent years, some scientists have embraced the distributed computing paradigm. As experiments and simulations demand ever more computing power, coordinating the efforts of many different processors is often the only reasonable resort. We developed an open-source distributed computing framework based on web technologies, and named it Capataz. Acting as an HTTP server, web browsers running on many different devices can connect to it to contribute in the execution of distributed algorithms written in Javascript. Capataz takes advantage of architectures with many cores using web workers.

This paper presents an improvement in Capataz´ usability and why it was needed. In previous experiments the total time of distributed algorithms proved to be susceptible to changes in the execution time of the jobs. The system now adapts by bundling jobs together if they are too simple. The computational experiment to test the solution is a brute force estimation of pi. The benchmark results show that by bundling jobs, the overall perfomance is greatly increased.
A Knowledge-based Environment for Software Process Performance Analysis
Authors: Schots Natália Chaves Lessa , Magalhães Rodrigo Figueiredo , Gonçalves Taísa Guidini , Busquet Ricardo De Holanda , Rocha Ana Regina , Santos Gleison , De Oliveira Káthia Marçal
Published: March 2016

Background: Process performance analysis is a key step for implementing continuous improvement in software organizations. However, the knowledge to execute such analysis is not trivial and the person responsible to executing it must be provided with appropriate support. Aim: This paper presents a knowledge-based environment, named SPEAKER, proposed for supporting software organizations during the execution of process performance analysis. SPEAKER comprises a body of knowledge and a set of activities and tasks for software process performance analysis along with supporting tools to executing these activities and tasks. Method: We conducted an informal literature reviews and a systematic mapping study, which provided basic requirements for the proposed environment. We implemented the SPEAKER environment integrating supporting tools for the execution of activities and tasks of performance analysis and the knowledge necessary to execute them, in order to meet the variability presented by the characteristics of these activities. Results: In this paper, we describe each SPEAKER module and the individual evaluations of these modules, and also present an example of use comprising how the environment can guide the user through a specific performance analysis activity. Conclusion: Although we only conducted individual evaluations of SPEAKER’s modules, the example of use indicates the feasibility of the proposed environment. Therefore, the environment as a whole will be further evaluated to verify if it attains its goal of assisting in the execution of process performance analysis by non-specialist people.
A middleware-based platform for the integration of bioinformatic services
Authors: Llambías Guzmán , Ruggia Raúl
Published: March 2016

Performing Bioinformatic´s experiments involve an intensive access to distributed services and information resources through Internet. Although existing tools facilitate the implementation of workflow-oriented applications, they lack of capabilities to integrate services beyond low-scale applications, particularly integrating services with heterogeneous interaction patterns and in a larger scale. This is particularly required to enable a large-scale distributed processing of biological data generated by massive sequencing technologies. On the other hand, such integration mechanisms are provided by middleware products like Enterprise Service Buses (ESB), which enable to integrate distributed systems following a Service Oriented Architecture. This paper proposes an integration platform, based on enterprise middleware, to integrate Bioinformatics services. It presents a multi-level reference architecture and focuses on ESB-based mechanisms to provide asynchronous communications, event-based interactions and data transformation capabilities. The paper presents a formal specification of the platform using the Event-B model.
Let´s go to the cinema! A movie recommender system for ephemeral groups of users
Authors: Fernández Guillermo , López Waldemar , Rienzi Bruno , Rodríguez-Bocca Pablo
Published: March 2016

Going to the cinema or watching television are social activities that generally take place in groups. In these cases, a recommender system for ephemeral groups of users is more suitable than (well-studied) recommender systems for individuals. In this paper we present a recommendation system for groups of users that go to the cinema. The system uses the Slope One algorithm for computing individual predictions and the Multiplicative Utilitarian Strategy as a model to make a recommendation to an entire group. We show how we solved all practical aspects of the system; including its architecture and a mobile application for the service, the lack of user data (ramp-up and cold-start problems), the scaling fit of the group model strategy, and other improvements in order to reduce the response time. Finally, we validate the performance of the system with a set of experiments with 57 ephemeral groups.
Generalization of the MOACS algorithm for Many Objectives. An application to motorcycle distribution
Authors: Barán Benjamín , Laufer Melissa , Insaurralde María Gabriela
Published: March 2016

To solve many-objective routing problems, this paper generalizes the Multi-Objective Ant Colony System (MOACS) algorithm, a well-known Multi-Objective Ant Colony Optimization (MOACO) metaheuristic proposed in 2003. This Generalized MOACS algorithm is used to solve a Split-Delivery/Mixed-Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (SD/MF-VRP) under different constraints, resulting from the mathematical modeling of a logistic problem: the distribution of motorcycles by a Paraguayan factory, considering several objective functions as: (1) total distribution cost, (2) total traveled distance, (3) total traveled time, and (4) nsatisfied demand. Experimental results using the proposed algorithm in weekly operations of the motorcycle factory prove the advantages of using the proposed algorithm, facilitating the work of the logistic planner, reducing the distribution cost and minimizing the time needed to satisfy customers.
Preface to the December 2015 issue
Authors: Cancela Héctor
Published: March 2016

We are glad to present the last issue of 2015, completing Volume 18 of the CLEI Electronic Journal. This issue is comprised by the following regular papers.The first paper, “Quality of Protection on WDM networks: A Recovery Probability based approach”, by M. D. Rodas-Brítez and D. P. Pinto-Roa, features a proposal of a new quality of protection (QoP) paradigm for Wavelength Division Multiplexing optical networks. The new approach is flexible, allowing the network administrator to define and select a set of protection levels, based on recovery probabilities which measure the degree of conflict among primary lightpaths sharing backup lightpaths. To show the interest of the approach, a Genetic Algorithm is used to design a routing strategy by multi-objectiveoptimization, minimizing the number of blocked requests, the number of services without protection, the total differences between the requested QoP and the assigned QoP, and the network cost.The second paper, “Towards Scalability for Federated Identity Systems for Cloud-Based Environments”, by A.A. Pereira, J. B. M. Sobral and C. M. Westphall, addresses scalability issues in identity management for cloud computing environments. The authors propose an adapted sticky-session mechanism, as an alternative approach to the more common distributed memory approach, and discuss the implications in therms of computational resources, throughput and overall efficiency. The following work, “Formal Analysis of Security Models for Mobile Devices, Virtualization Platforms, and Domain Name Systems”, by G. Betarte and C. Luna,tackles security models for security-critical applications in three areas: mobile devices, virtualization platforms, and domain name systems. The authors develop formalizations using the Calculus of Inductive Constructions, to study different usual variants of security models in these platforms and their properties.The last paper of this issue is “Digi-Clima Grid: image processing and distributed computing for recovering historical climate data”, by authors S. Nesmachnow, G. Usera and F. Brasileiro. This paper reports an experience of implementing semi-automatic techniques for digitalizing and recovering historical climate records applying parallel computing techniques over distributed computing infrastructures, which was applied to Uruguayan historical climate data.As we complete now the eighteenth year of continued existence of CLEIej, we thank the regional community for its continued support, and we encourage researchers working in computer science and its applications to consider submitting their work to CLEIej, as the the leading electronic, open access journal in Computer Science in Latin America.
Towards Scalability for Federated Identity Systems for Cloud-Based Environments
Authors: Pereira André Albino , Sobral João Bosco M. , Westphall Carla M.
Published: March 2016

As multi-tenant authorization and federated identity management systems for cloud computing matures, the provisioning of services using this paradigm allows maximum efficiency on business that requires access control. However, regarding scalability support, mainly horizontal, some characteristics of those approaches based on central authentication protocols are problematic. The objective of this work is to address these issues by providing an adapted sticky-session mechanism for a Shibboleth architecture using JASIG CAS. This alternative, compared with the recommended distributed memory approach, shown improved efficiency and less overall infrastructure complexity, as well as demanding less 58% of computational resources and improving throughput (requests per second) by 11%.
Digi-Clima Grid: image processing and distributed computing for recovering historical climate data
Authors: Nesmachnow Sergio , Usera Gabriel , Brasileiro Francisco
Published: March 2016

This article describes the Digi-Clima Grid project, whose main goals are to design and implement semi-automatic techniques for digitalizing and recovering historical climate records applying parallel computing techniques over distributed computing infrastructures. The specific tool developed for image processing is described, and the implementation over grid and cloud infrastructures is reported. An experimental analysis over institutional and volunteer-based grid/cloud distributed systems demonstrate that the proposed approach is an efficient tool for recovering historical climate data. The parallel implementations allow to distribute the processing load, achieving accurate speedup values.
A alegoria da identidade chilena no filme Tony Manero (2008), de Pablo Larraín
Authors: Montoro Tania Siqueira , Barreto Vinícius De Araújo , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.5777 DOI:
Published: March 2016

A partir do conceito de mimesis e seus desdobramentos na crítica do cinematográfico, aprofunda-se o conceito de ilusão na narrativa cinematográfica. Empreende-se uma análise fílmica sobre o longa metragem Tony Manero (2008), do diretor chileno Pablo Larraín. Os resultados da análise apontam para uma concepção crítica ao cinema de massas bem como para o uso da alegoria como forma de representação de uma crise de identidade nacional.
Ocupe como utopia: Um ensaio sobre a noção de rede e o caso Estelita
Authors: Figueiredo Carolina Dantas , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.5783 DOI:
Published: March 2016

Este ensaio se propõe a analisar a ideia de “ocupe”, mais especificamente do Ocupe Estelita como uma utopia, confrontando este termo, sempre que possível, com o seu oposto, a distopia, a partir da noção de rede, ou melhor, de Rizoma, conforme a proposição de Deleuze e Guatarri.
Reflexos do mobile no jornalismo
Authors: Calado Karolina De Almeida , Silva Júnior José Afonso , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.5788 DOI:
Published: March 2016

O presente artigo objetiva indicar os contornos iniciais de mudanças no perfil profissional jornalístico devido à inserção dos smartphones na rotina de produção. Tais transformações reverberam em uma fase caracterizada pela polivalência de funções nas redações. Ao lançar mão da revisão bibliográfica, busca-se identificar o estado da arte, relacionando-o aos conceitos sobre convergência profissional, conforme Salaverría (2003), Barbosa e Seixas (2011), Silva (2009), entre outros.
Holoética: paradigma para uma cidadania planetária descentralizada
Authors: Da Silva Luiz Martins , De Oliveira Daniel Gonçalves , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.6150 DOI:
Published: March 2016

Grande obstáculo para a efetividade dosdireitos humanos é noção da superioridadeda espécie humana, sendo necessáriauma nova lógica: a espécie humana estaráameaçada de extinção se isto ocorrer aoutras, a exemplo dos micro-organismosoceânicos. Para além das mobilizaçõesem torno de uma cidadania planetáriaestendida, há condições mais animadorasem torno das possibilidades de uma éticadiscursiva global e de uma aprendizagemmais ágil entre as sociedades, uma novasociogênese, portanto.
Rohkunstbau
Authors: Castringius Eva , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.6151 DOI:
Published: March 2016

Em seu trabalho artístico Eva Castringiusestuda o uso industrial das paisagensenquanto foca a exploração de recursos aoredor do mundo. Uma parte fundamentalde seu processo de trabalho diz respeito aoviajar e refletir sobre as diferentes culturasnativas com as quais entra em contato afim de criar experiências sócio-políticas ehistórias sensivelmente contadas através defotografias. Nas fotos apresentadas aqui EvaCastringius expõe seu trabalho em torno doque experienciou durante a sua estadia noTibet, no inverno de 2013. Para a exposição‘Rohkunstbau’ a artista montou linhascoloridas com suas fotografias atravésdo salão de exibição. Inspiradas pelasbandeiras de oração e os desejos escritospendurados nos templos Tibetanos, o seutrabalho se apresenta como um labirinto devarais, colorido e lúdico. Outro ponto focalde sua apresentação é a grande tapeçariaque a artista fez de acordo com técnicastradicionais de tecelagem tibetana. Comoreferências para a tapeçaria Castringiususou a fotografia tirada de uma paisagemde exploração mineral, onde minerais comoouro e minério de ferro são extraídos eprocessados.
Abertura a “O Tesouro Escondido” Carta aberta aos maçons e a alguns outros
Authors: Maffesoli Michel , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.6153 DOI:
Published: March 2016

“A juventude não é a época herege porexcelência?”, pergunta Maffesoli nestetexto. Ela ri das instituições enquantosensivelmente prepara novas outras. É omito da criança eterna que tem na pósmodernidadeseu lócus privilegiado. Éa ‘vadiagem iniciática’ que agencia asgrandes mutações civilizacionais. Nestadivertida carta aberta aos maçons, osdefensores da ‘filosofia progressiva’, opensador francês tece alguns comentáriossobre a potência desta criança-aprendizpara um “inegável reencantamento domundo”.
Da ciência como território à ciência como nomadismo
Authors: Xavier de Almeida Maria da Conceição , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.6154 DOI:
Published: March 2016

A partir da análise da ciência comoterritório, propomos uma ciência comonomadismo. Desde a crítica à idéia deconceito e suas conseqüências para aformação do pensamento, indicamosalgumas aberturas possíveis à ciência emnosso tempo, tendo em vista, sobretudo,implicações éticas e propostas para oreencatamento do pensamento e daeducação.
Does Aid Spur Economic Growth?
Authors: JIBIR Musa Talba , ISAH Salamatu Idris , IBRAHIM Bello A.
Published: March 2016

Development Assistance is based on the idea that Rich Countries can and should help Poor countries to find the path to sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction—especially those that lack sources of capital. The paper began by reviewing the various sources and composition of net capital flows to developing countries and examined the respective roles of private and public flows in social program it further discussed the arguments and evidence on both sides of the question of whether aid is effective in promoting economic growth. The evidence of a direct effect on growth is inconclusive. Does this mean that aid should be cut back? Not necessarily. The impact of Aid should be evaluated not only in relation to its direct effects, but also in terms of its role in improving governance and economic management, and its contribution to social amenities such as basic education, health care facilities and access, water and infant mortality.
The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Employees Satisfaction, Work-group Supportiveness, Commitment, and Performance: A Field Study
Authors: NZELIBE Chinelo Grace , YASAR Mehmet Fatih
Published: March 2016

The study examined the effects of transformational leadership on employees’ satisfaction, workgroup supportiveness, commitment, and performance at both the individual and at the organizational levels.

A survey study was conducted at the Armorp Nigeria Limited, using a sample of 280 employees. The study sought to investigate specifically the mechanism through which transformational leadership influences employee’s commitment to their job schedules as well as to the organization. Six propositions which explained the relationships among the variables in the study were postulated, five accepted and one partially rejected. Pearson correlation, one way analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis and Chi-square were used in the analysis of data. The results suggest that transformational leadership directly affects employee’s satisfaction and commitment to job schedule and to the organization. But, employee’s commitment to their supervisors was not significant as other intervening variables were at work. The regression analysis reveals that the best indicator of employee satisfaction is workgroup supportiveness. The influence of grapevine interactions within the organization, if properly harnessed by a transformational leader directly results in essential mechanism that subsequently leads to employee’s satisfaction, commitment, and increased performance. Monetary incentives if closely tied to motivation might be helpful in creating a more satisfying and productive work environment. This study thus, suggests a new paradigm in which the study of leadership can be based in African setting in order to create effective and viable organizations.
The Philosophy of Being and Practical Criticism: The Prime Minister’s Son and Secrets
Authors: ILE James Onyebuchi
Published: March 2016

The Philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer, is regarded as the great pessimist of philosophy. It is in his philosophy that one can locate Greg Mbajiorgu’s and Nuruddin Farah’s The Prime Minister’s Son and Secrets respectively. Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy was a reaction to both Kantian and Hegelian Philosophies. The objective of this essay was to see where Greg Mbajiorgu’s The Prime Minister’s Son and Nuruddin Farah’s Secrets complied with Schopenhauer’s idea of the absurd, which the world is. The questions the essay tried to answer are: Why is there so much suffering in the world? Why did the characters such as Ezinma and her son have to endure so much suffering in The Prime Minister’s Son? Why did Damac have to be gang-raped in Secrets? Why do we hold secrets? Why are there taboos, which humans will so willingly not adhere to in their privacy? The paper sought answers to these questions in the two texts under study using qualitative method. Quantitative data in the form of interview published in a book was also used to support both the deductive and inductive analysis of texts. The importance of this research paper cannot be overemphasized when one considers the suffering that most humankind experience in the process of living. It is expected to provide enlightenment to Governments of the world, especially in developing countries on the need to reducing the suffering that many in these countries face.
The Implicitness of some Interrogative Sentences in Legislative Debates
Authors: AGBARA Clara Unoalegie Bola
Published: March 2016

Linguists have identified three major sentence types namely; declaratives, imperatives and interrogatives, which feature in most communication situations, whether formal or non-formal. These sentences which perform specific communicative functions, such as giving out information, giving out command/order, and requesting for information, have unique structures respectively. These functions are sometimes, manipulated to meet speakers’ situational intentions. Legislative discourse is characterized by participants who are of opposing views and yet, need to arrive at a collective decision. Arriving at a collective decision requires convincing information which will assist the participants in decision making. In the bid to provide information as well as to influence co-participants, most speakers punctuate their utterances with interrogative sentences. This paper focuses on the pragmatic functions of some non-verbal response interrogatives in legislative discourse. Using Searle’s Speech Act Theory as well as insights from literature on grammar, this paper sets out to describe the illocutionary acts performed with some interrogative sentences in legislative debates. The data used for the research are taken from the Senate Hansards of the sixth National Assembly.  It was discovered that most non-verbal response interrogative sentences (rhetorical questions) are used to perform three illocutionary acts of representative, directive and expressive acts in legislative debates. The paper concludes that rhetorical sentences are important persuasive tools which influence the emotional and reasoning capacities of participants in arriving at a collective decision in legislative debates. They also have the pragmatic force of emphasis, regrets, objections and appeal.