bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nasal Wall Fixation with Nonabsorbable Sutures during Nasolacrimal Silicone Intubation in Adults
Authors: Park Min Soo , Kim Sang Duck
Published: July 2022

Purpose: We explored the effects of silicone tube fixation using a nonabsorbable suture on the adult nasal wall during silicone tube intubation.Methods: The medical records of patients (50; 54 eyes) diagnosed with nasolacrimal duct stenosis and canalicular lacerations who underwent silicone tube fixation to the nasal wall (using nonabsorbable sutures) during silicone tube intubation from January 2019 to June 2021 and who were followed-up for more than 3 months after surgery were retrospectively investigated. We recorded the percentages of early silicone tube displacement and noted other complications.Results: We enrolled 22 males and 28 females of average age 65.28 ± 8.88 years. The silicone tubes were maintained for an average of 9.13 ± 1.77 weeks in the nasolacrimal duct stenosis group and 20.13 ± 3.36 weeks in the canalicular laceration group. Early tube displacement occurred in two of 46 eyes (4.4%) in the nasolacrimal duct stenosis group and in 0 of eight eyes (0%) in the canalicular laceration group. Overall, early displacement occurred in only two of 54 eyes (3.7%). Other complications included nasal irritation in four cases (7.4%), canaliculitis in three (5.6%), and loss of fixed nonabsorbable sutures in three (5.6%).Conclusions: Silicone tube fixation to the nasal wall using a nonabsorbable suture during silicone tube intubation simply and effectively prevents early tube displacement and loss, associated with minimal complications.
The Utility of Peripheral Vitrectomy Featuring Scleral Indentation during Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Lee Dong Woo , Kim Seong-Jae , Chung Inyoung , Yoo Woong-Sun
Published: July 2022

Purpose: We evaluated the utility of peripheral vitrectomy featuring scleral indentation; we compared a group who underwent peripheral vitrectomy to a control group for whom vitrectomy was combined with scleral fixation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) in patients exhibiting IOL dislocations.Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, 20 eyes of patients evidencing IOL dislocations that underwent total vitrectomy, IOL removal, and IOL scleral fixation were evaluated; peripheral vitrectomy with scleral indentation was performed in 10 patients. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. We excluded patients with follow-up periods less than 6 months, those with a history of retinal and/or glaucoma surgery, and patients with retinal abnormalities or glaucoma that might significantly compromise visual acuity. The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, astigmatism changes, and complications were retrieved from the medical records.Results: Six months after surgery, the best corrected visual acuity was 0.95 (the Snellen measure) in the group who underwent peripheral vitrectomy featuring scleral indentation, and 0.60 in the control group (p = 0.029). The total astigmatism values were 0.48 diopter in the former and 2.80 diopter in the latter group; the difference was significant (p < 0.001).Conclusions: In patients with IOL dislocations who underwent vitrectomy combined with IOL scleral fixation, improvements in visual acuity were further enhanced when peripheral vitrectomy was combined with scleral indentation. Complete removal of the peripheral vitreous may stabilize IOL positioning by the remnant vitreous.
A Case of Choroidal Folds in a Patient with Immunoglobulin G4-related Ophthalmic Disease
Authors: Lim Yeon Ju , Lee Soo Jung
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To report a case of choroidal folds caused by enlargement of the extraocular muscles (EOM) and orbital fat in a patient with immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related ophthalmic disease. A full recovery was achieved after steroid administration.Case summary: A 56-year-old male received intravenous high-dose steroids to treat IgG4-related ophthalmic disease presenting with bilateral eyelid edema, hypertrophy of all EOM, and mild exophthalmos. After 3 months, only slight improvement was observed and azathioprine was initiated. The patient exhibited only a minimal response over the next 2 months; all medications were therefore stopped. One month later, the patient presented with aggravation of the swelling (both eyelids), exophthalmos, and visual impairment of the left eye. The corrected vision was 1.0 in the right eye and 0.2 in the left eye; choroid folds were observed in the posterior pole of the left eye. Intravenous steroid (500 mg) was given once and oral steroids prescribed as maintenance therapy. After 2 weeks, the corrected visual acuity recovered to 1.0 in both eyes, the eyelid edema and exophthalmos improved and the choroidal folds resolved completely.Conclusions: Choroidal folds associated with enlargement of EOM and orbital fat tissue can cause visual impairment in patients with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Steroids are effective in the acute phases and prevent irreversible visual impairment.
Efeitos de lâmpadas, com diferentes comprimentos de onda, sobre o molusco gastrópode Physa acuta
Authors: Pelli Afonso , Santos Flávia Manfré dos , Abrão Sueli Aparecida dos Santos , Camargo Paulo Ricardo da Silva , Barbosa Newton Pimentel Ulhôa , Assis Paulo Santos
Published: July 2022

O molusco gastrópode Physa acuta é conhecido por ser uma espécie invasora. Espécies exóticas ocasionam danos econômicos, sociais e biológicos nos ecossistemas. Em virtude de suas características, incluindo a história de vida, estratégia reprodutiva e potencial biótico, essas populações crescem de forma a prejudicar o ambiente no qual invadiram. Tendo em vista a importância desses moluscos, foi realizado um experimento em laboratório para verificar o efeito de lâmpadas, com diferentes comprimentos de onda, sobre o molusco Physa acuta. O objetivo foi verificar a viabilidade dos organismos nas condições experimentais, com diferentes lâmpadas de diferentes comprimentos de onda. As lâmpadas utilizadas foram luz branca morna, luz branca fria, UVC e UVA, além do Grupo Controle, que recebeu luz natural. Para os Grupos expostos a Luz Branca Fria e Ultravioleta A, o desempenho de Physa acuta foi inferior aos grupos Controle e Luz Branca Morna, porém bem superior ao grupo Ultravioleta C, que apresentou 100% de mortalidade em apenas uma semana.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC PUBLIC COMPLAINTS SYSTEM TO IMPROVE PUBLIC SERVICES
Authors: Sinlae Alfry Aristo J , Daniarti Yeni , Alamsyah Dedy , Damuri Amat
Published: July 2022

Public complaints are essential for the government to see how successful it is in carrying out activities. Public complaints are an essential element for local agencies because complaints are aimed at correcting the shortcomings of the activities that have been carried out. The absence of an electronic complaint system will hamper the complaint reporting process, so repairing deficiencies in government agencies will be hampered. The delay in repairing deficiencies in the agency will, of course, also affect the services provided to the community. The government can certainly use technology development to improve public services from the government to the community. This study discusses the development of an online-based public complaint system with the website-based Extreme Programming (XP) method that the public can access so that complaint reports can be submitted in real-time. The results of testing the complaint system from the usability side show an average value of 88.7% in the excellent category, so the application is feasible to use and as needed.
Incidentally Detected PET-CT Imaging Findings Of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study During Local Pandemic Era
Authors: Akshit Aiyappa M.J. , Abraham Jini P.
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 has been declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Commonly, a CT chest scan is performed to detect any early findings of COVID-19 pneumonia before the onset of clinical symptoms. In this article, the authors reported COVID-19 pneumonia in patients undergoing positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-D-glucose integrated with CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) examinations for early isolation and necessary management.

Methods: One hundred and twelve patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for routine oncological examination were considered for the study, and these subject scans were taken during a period of December 2020–August 2021. Following which, reverse transcription-PCR testing was requested for confirmation.

Results: Amongst the 112 patients, 45 (40%) patients showed features of COVID-19 pneumonia on PET/CT imaging. Reverse transcription-PCR testing carried out for these patients confirmed the infection in 38 individuals (84%).

Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT is sensitive for early detection of COVID-19 pneumonia, so as to minimise further spread of infection and apply adequate measures for prevention.
Basic Chinese: Cognitive Management, Communication Engineering, and Mass Literacy in China
Authors: KUZUOĞLU Uluğ
Published: July 2022

This article explores the transnational history of the science behind the mass literacy movement in China in the 1920s and 1930s. In particular, it investigates the reformers’ attempts to reduce the number of Chinese characters to a “basic” set of around one thousand in an effort to promote mass literacy. In contrast to earlier literature that examined the history of mass literacy within the context of nation-building and citizenship, this article approaches the issue as a product of communication engineering and information management. It demonstrates that the effort to reduce the number of characters was deeply tied to the birth of behavioral psychology and statistical sciences in China as well as Euro-American theories of language and communication. Many of the leading Chinese figures in mass literacy campaigns were well informed by the methods of American behavioral sciences, which they employed to reduce the number of Chinese characters and optimize the learning process. This effort to invent a basic Chinese, however, gave birth to a critical question: which characters, after all, were “essential” for communication? The Chinese reformers’ search for information efficiency quickly turned into an ideological inquiry into the politics of language and writing in a modernizing China.
Redefining Borders in Contemporary Chinese Theater: Paper Tiger Theater Studio Performing Kafka’s “The Great Wall”
Authors: CHIRITA Andreea
Published: July 2022

For the past twenty years, director Tian Gebing and his Beijing-based independent artist collective, Paper Tiger Theater Studio, have pushed the boundaries of performance art and theater by probing, critiquing, and reconfiguring notions of the avant-garde. This article analyzes their recent production from 2017, 500 Meters: Kafka, the Great Wall, or Images from the Unreal World and Daily Heroism, highlighting the latent political and social ideologies of the Great Wall via parody and paradox within a decidedly postdramatic context in order to deconstruct Chinese political and social borders. I argue that 500 Meters moves the meaning of the immense border-demarcation line of the Great Wall from a discourse on political power to one of transcultural bonding. Consequently, the hybridity made possible through parody and paradox advances numerous possible alternative understandings of the Great Wall as variously a space of intercultural dialogue, a place of emotional connection with the other, and a surprisingly harmonious Babel where dominant dichotomies are subverted and even eliminated from the traditional, often coercive, and highly politicized understanding of borders.
Wrestling with Tradition: Early Chinese Suffragettes and the Modern Remodeling of the Shrew Trope
Authors: YANG Shu
Published: July 2022

This article investigates the rehabilitation of the traditional trope of the Chinese shrew in depictions of early Chinese radical suffragettes after the establishment of the Republic of China. It argues that, rather than dying out as China entered the modern age, the shrew became central to the ways in which first-wave feminists were portrayed and perceived in public discourses. Although still typically used to insult women in early Republican China, the archetype of the shrew also functioned as a transgressive model of female empowerment that manifested modern expectations for the qualities of the new woman. Starting from analyses on how the male-dominated media deployed variations of the traditional shrew to describe the visible and confrontational nature of the radical suffragettes, this article then turns to explore how the women themselves played a part in shaping their public images. They, as social actors, exhausted every right and freedom to carve out new subjectivities for themselves to perform in society. In sometimes aligning with and other times rejecting their public labeling as shrews, the suffragettes opened a new direction for understanding the vitality of the shrew trope and for conceiving of the newly emergent public or political woman at the turn of the twentieth century.
A review on the Cost-Utility Analysis for the FELDA Residents in Malaysia with “Health Care Scheme (Skim Peduli Kesihatan) for the B40 Group” (PeKa B40) Coverage
Authors: Mohd-Zuki Abdul-Hadi , Isa Mohamad-Rodi , Suddin Leny-Suzana
Published: July 2022

Introduction: People with low socioeconomic status are always found to be one of the significant factors to determine their health status. The Malaysian government has initiated multiple programs to address the issues related to the health quality improvement of the population in line with the United Nations (UN) target for Universal Health Coverage (UHC). One of them is the “Health Care Scheme (Skim Peduli Kesihatan)” or PeKa B40 which was recently launched in 2019 to improve the target community's health status by offering several benefits obtained by the program including free health screening at private or public facilities concerning non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The cost-utility analysis study for the FELDA residents in Malaysia with “PeKA B40” coverage is needed to increase the understanding of the program's benefits and weaknesses during its implementation. It will help in identifying specific factors related to the utilization of the PeKa B40 program and will fill the gap in the economic evaluation of the government initiative. The policymaker may take into consideration of the discussion and recommendation to improve awareness among healthcare providers, especially at the primary care level. Concerning the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), the study can give an impact on achieving good health and well-being (SDG 3.0).

Conclusion: In the 12th Malaysia Plan, the Malaysian government showed commitment to combat NCDs in line with the international target by targeting to reduce the NCDs prevalence by focusing on non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Therefore, a health reform commission needs to be established to improve the effectiveness, efficiency and equity of healthcare access to all residents mostly among B40 group in Malaysia.
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dengan Metode Komposting Takakura
Authors: Mappau Zrimurti , Islam Fahrul
Published: July 2022

Indonesia produced 37.3% of household waste out of a total of 67.8 million tons of waste in 2020.  Mamuju produces the average waste 1.6 tons of waste per day which is dominated by household waste. The training activity aimed to empower the community in the management of household waste with takakura composting methods. The target of community service activities were the mothers of farmer groups in Bambu Village, Mamuju District as many as 20 people. The PKM activity method uses lecture and demonstration methods. The stages of community service activities are started with counseling on household plastic waste management, counseling on household kitchen waste management, demonstrations and practices on household waste management with composting methods. All participants are very enthusiastic about participating in activities characterized by the presence of participants in all stages of packaging activities that are always on time and also the activeness of participants in composting practices. There is an increase in the number of participants with good knowledge about household plastic waste management from 20% to 85%. And also good knowledge of household kitchen waste management from 45% to 85%. At the end of the activity formed 2 houses that became a pilot house for making takakura compost.
 
ABSTRAK
Indonesia menghasilkan 37,3% sampah rumah tangga dari total 67,8 juta ton sampah pada tahun 2020. Kabupaten Mamuju rata-rata menghasilkan sampah 1,6 ton per hari yang didominasi oleh jenis sampah limbah rumah tangga. Pelatihan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dengan metode komposting Takakura. Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah ibu-ibu kelompok tani di Desa Bambu, Kecamatan Mamuju sebanyak 20 orang. Metode kegiatan PKM menggunakan metode ceramah dan demonstrasi. Tahapan kegiatan PKM dimulai dengan penyuluhan tentang pengelolaan sampah plastik rumah tangga, penyuluhan tentang  pengelolaan sampah dapur rumah tangga, demonstrasi dan praktik tentang pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dengan metode komposting. Semua peserta sangat antusias mengikuti kegiatan ditandai dengan kehadiran peserta dalam semua tahapan kegiatan pengabmas yang selalu tepat waktu dan juga keaktifan peserta dalam praktik pembuatan kompos. Terdapat peningkatan jumlah peserta dengan pengetahuan baik tentang pengelolaan sampah plastik rumah tangga dari 20% menjadi 85%. Dan juga  pengetahuan baik tentang pengelolaan sampah dapur rumah tangga dari 45% menjadi 85%. Di akhir kegiatan terbentuk 2 rumah yang menjadi rumah percontohan pembuatan kompos takakura.
Pengukuran Tinggi Badan (TB), Berat Badan (BB) & Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Tambing Yane , Fatiah Mona Safitri , Pamangin Lisda Oktavia Madu
Published: July 2022

The problem of children's nutritional status in Indonesia is still fairly high, especially in the eastern region. One of the contributors to the high case is Sarmi Regency, Papua Province. The purpose of this activity was to look at the nutritional status of under-five children in Sarmi Regency through height, weight, and upper-arm circumference. This activity was carried out for 2 weeks, from July 5 - 21, 2021, in Siaratesa Village, Tafarewar, Nengke, and Bebon Jaya, Sarmi Regency with the target of this activity was mothers who have under-five children. This activity was carried out by community education methods, data collection, and measurement practices in the form of height, weight, and upper-arm circumference. The results of this activity obtained wasting cases of 54.1% stunting & underweight 24.1%, and the average upper-arm circumference was about 14.40 cm. Thus, it is expected that there are continuous activities carried out by the local health center to complement the activities as an effort to increase maternal knowledge to guide the occurrence of nutrition in under-five children.
 
ABSTRAK
Masalah gizi pada balita di Indonesia masih menjadi topik yang masih hangat yang masih diperbincangkan, dimana kasus tersebut masih terbilang masih sangat tinggi, terutama di wilayah timur Indonesia, salah satu penyumbang kasus tersebut adalah Kabupaten Sarmi, Provinsi Papua. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk melihat status gizi balita di Kab. Sarmi melalui pengukuran Tinggi Badan (TB), Berat Badan (BB) dan Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) balita. Kegiatan ini dilakukan selama ± 2 minggu, pada tanggal 5 – 21 Juli 2021, di Kampung Siaratesa, Tafarewar, Nengke dan Bebon Jaya, Kabupaten Sarmi dengan sasaran kegiatan ini adalah ibu yang memiliki balita yang berusia 0 – 59 bulan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode pendidikan masyarakat, pengumpulan data dan praktik pengukuran berupa TB, BB dan LILA. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diperoleh kasus wasting sebesar 54,1 persen, stunting & underweight sebesar 24,1 persen serta rata-rata LILA balita sekitar 14,40 cm. Dengan demikian, diharapkan adanya kegiatan yang berkesinambungan yang dilakukan oleh pihak puskesmas setempat untuk melengkapi kegiatan sebagai upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu dalam upaya menurunkan kejadian masalah gizi pada balita.
Edukasi sebagai Penghalang Berita Hoaks tentang Covid-19
Authors: Kamri Andi Maulana , Reski Muh. , Aulia Zakinah , Yuni Risti , Rukmana Riskiyani , Kristina T. Kristina T. , Fadilla Nurul , Apriliani Nadiah , Meylia Alifqah , Afrian Filman , Khairiyani Rahma , Aminah Sitti
Published: July 2022

The rapid development of information and technology in all aspects has made the boundaries of the world smaller. The same thing happens in the world of health. People easily access information without looking at the accuracy and validity of the information source. In this limited era of the pandemic, it doesn't even become an obstacle to getting information. This service was a preventive measure to help people filter information obtained from online media. The service was carried out using social media where the community is easy to access and use. The method used was experimental quantitative. All respondents who meet the inclusion criteria can be included in the population. We used posters and videos to educate respondents. Respondents were aged <12 years were not included because they were related to immature patterns of understanding and capturing information. After they saw the posters and videos, the respondents would fill out a questionnaire to see their responses to the information provided. Therefore, we knew the results of the education provided to respondents. Around 144 respondents were obtained from several parts of Indonesia and the results showed that there were still around 20% of the people who believed in the circulating hoaxes about Covid-19.
 
ABSTRAK
Pesatnya perkembangan informasi dan teknologi di segala aspek membuat batas dunia menjadi semakin kecil. Hal yang sama terjadi juga dalam dunia kesehatan. Masyarakat mudah mengakses suatu informasi tanpa melihat akurasi dan validitas sumber informasi. Di era pandemi yang serba terbatas ini bahkan tidak menjadi halangan untuk mendapatkan informasi. Pengabdian ini menjadi sebuah langkah preventif untuk membantu masyarakat untuk menyaring informasi yang didapatkan dari media online. Pengabdian dilakukan menggunakan media sosial dimana masyarakat sangat mudah mengakses dan menggunakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif eksperimen dimana semua responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dapat masuk dalam populasi. Kami menggunakan poster dan video untuk memberikan edukasi kepada responden. Responden usia <12 tahun tidak diikutkan karena terkait dengan pola pemahaman dan penangkapan informasi yang belum matang. Setelah mereka melihat poster dan video, maka responden akan mengisi sebuah kuesioner untuk melihat respons mereka terhadap informasi yang diberikan, sehingga kami akan mengetahui hasil dari edukasi yang diberikan kepada responden. Responden yang didapatkan sekitar 144 dari beberapa wilayah Indonesia dan hasilnya menunjukkan masih  ada sekitar 20% masyarakat yang percaya akan hoaks yang beredar tentang Covid-19.
Screening Risiko Menderita DM Tipe 2 pada Kelompok Usia ≥40 Tahun di Puskesmas Kota Ambon
Authors: Marasabessy Nur Baharia , Nasela Sitti Johri , Abidin La Syam
Published: July 2022

The incidence of type 2 diabetes in Ambon City continues to increase. Increasing age has the opportunity to reduce body system functions so that a person has the opportunity to suffer from type 2 DM. This activity aimed to detect early the risk of suffering from DM in the age group 40 years in order to take preventive and countermeasures so that the incidence of DM can be prevented or controlled. The activity method was preceded by screening for risk factors for patients who visited the Nania Health Center for one week, followed by health education, distribution, and explanation of modules and mentoring. The results showed that 82.2% of respondents were at moderate to high risk of suffering from type 2 diabetes. Factors associated with this risk were BMI, waist circumference, consumption of vegetables and fruit, physical activity and exercise, and a history of suffering from hypertension and hyperglycemia. This community service activity can motivate most respondents to increase fruit and vegetable consumption, limit carbohydrate and sugar intake, and physical activity in the form of a morning walk after dawn prayer for 30-60 minutes.
 
ABSTRAK
Kejadian penyakit DM tipe 2 di Kota Ambon terus mengalami peningkatan. Usia yang semakin bertambah berpeluang semakin berkurangnya fungsi-fungsi sistem tubuh sehingga seseorang berpeluang menderita penyakit DM tipe 2. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi secara dini risiko menderita DM pada kelompok usia ≥40 tahun agar dapat melakukan tindakan pencegahan dan penanggulangan sehingga kejadian DM dapat dicegah atau dapat dikendalikan. Metode kegiatan PKM didahului dengan skrining faktor risiko pada pasien yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Nania selama satu minggu, dilanjutkan dengan penyuluhan kesehatan, pembagian dan penjelasan modul serta pendampingan.  Hasil menunjukkan 82,2% responden berisiko sedang sampai tinggi menderita DM tipe 2. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko tersebut adalah BMI, lingkar pinggang, konsumsi sayur dan buah, aktivitas dan latihan fisik serta riwayat menderita hipertensi dan hiperglikemia. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dapat memotivasi sebagian besar responden melakukan peningkatan konsumsi buah dan sayur, membatasi asupan karbohidrat  dan gula serta aktivitas fisik berupa jalan pagi setelah shalat subuh selama 30-60 menit.
Be Hero For Zero Tuberculosis: Peran Remaja Melalui SIKRIBO dalam Mewujudkan "End TB"
Authors: Rahayu Sri Ratna , Cahyati Widya Hary , Zainafree Intan , Farida Eko , Merzistya Aufiena Nur Ayu , Atmini Tatik , Wandastuti Anggun Dessita , Isbandi Isbandi , Setiawan Andreas Wilson , Aulia Atika , Wahidah Nur , Islam Muhamad Anbiya Nur , Fajri Alvy , Mubarok Minhajul , Ningsih Fitria , Subagja Mona , Saefurrohim Muhamad Zakki
Published: July 2022

The TB case notification rate (CNR) in Semarang City has decreased from 2019 of 258 per 100,000 population to 155 per 100,000 population in 2020. The main focus in controlling tuberculosis cases is case detection in the community. The purpose was to increase TB knowledge and provide training on TB screening methods to adolescent cadres using the SIKRIBO application. The methods used in this community service are health education and Training of Trainers (ToT). The participants were 27 adolescent representatives from the Adolescent Integrated Healthcare Center working areas of the Sekaran Public Health Center, Semarang City. The results showed that adolescent cadres' average score knowledge about tuberculosis disease and screening improves after receiving TB health education and adolescent cadres can operate the application properly. The SIKRIBO application can be a means to facilitate the discovery of TB suspects in the community and is expected to be applied in various health facilities.
 
ABSTRAK
Angka notifikasi kasus (CNR) TB di Kota Semarang mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2019 sebesar 258 per 100.000 penduduk menjadi 155 per 100.000 penduduk pada tahun 2020. Fokus utama dalam mengendalikan kasus TB merupakan penemuan kasus di masyarakat. Rendahnya penemuan kasus TB berdampak pada tingginya angka penularan TB. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan TB dan memberi pelatihan terkait cara skrining TB melalui aplikasi SIKRIBO pada kader remaja. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah penyuluhan kesehatan dan Training of Trainer (ToT). Jumlah partisipan sebanyak 27 remaja perwakilan dari Posyandu Remaja dan Posyandu Pesantren wilayah Puskesmas Sekaran, Kota Semarang. Hasil kegiatan bahwa terdapat peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan terkait penyakit TB dan skrining TB pada kader remaja setelah diberi penyuluhan kesehatan TB dan kader remaja dapat mengoperasikan aplikasi SIKRIBO dengan baik. Aplikasi SIKRIBO dapat menjadi sarana untuk mempermudah penemuan suspek TB di masyarakat dan diharapkan dapat diterapkan di berbagai fasilitas kesehatan.
Edukasi Pentingnya Gizi Seimbang dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Remaja Putri di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Dwijayanti Ira , Ningsih Fitria , Pramoedyo Anisa Rahma , Khabibah Berliantin Audina , Febrianti Rochmatus Nur , Azza Zuhrufa Diana
Published: July 2022

Covid-19 pandemic caused significant changes to lifestyle that affect adolescents’ dietary patterns and physical activity. The purpose of this educational activity is to increase the knowledge and awareness of adolescents to maintain their diet and physical activity in the mids of the Covid-19 pandemic. 30 adolescents actively participated in online education activities. The material presented consisted of 4 topics, namely 1) Tumpeng Gizi, 2) Balanced Nutrition Guidelines; 3) My Plate and 4) The importance of physical activity for adolescents. The education is presented using presentation and educational video with total duration of 60 minutes. The results show that there was no difference of correct answer on ‘Question 1’ (100%) and ‘Question 5’ (67%) about Tumpeng Gizi and physical activity. There was increase of correct answer on ‘Question 2’ (100%) and ‘Question 3’ (87%) about recommendation of sugar and salt intake. However, there was a decrease of correct answer on ‘Question 4’ (50%) about how to manage balanced nutrition intake. We hope that the education can be continued with focus of improving skill on how to manage the balanced nutrition intake among adolescents.
 
ABSTRAK
Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan perubahan yang signifikan pada kebiasaan gaya hidup sehingga berpengaruh terhadap pola makan dan aktivitas fisik remaja. Tujuan kegiatan edukasi ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran remaja putri untuk tetap menjaga pola makan dan aktivitas fisik di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Sebanyak 30 orang ikut aktif berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan edukasi dengan metode penyuluhan yang dilakukan secara daring. Materi yang disampaikan terdiri dari 4 topik yaitu 1) Tumpeng Gizi Seimbang; 2) Pedoman Gizi seimbang; 3) Isi Piringku dan 4) Pentingnya Aktivitas Fisik bagi Remaja. Materi disajikan dalam bentuk presentasi dan video edukasi selama 60 menit. Penilai keberhasilan edukasi menggunakan kuesioner pre dan post-test yang terdiri dari 5 pertanyaan dengan pilihan jawaban ganda. Hasil evaluasi edukasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan jumah responden yang menjawab dengan benar pada ‘Soal 1’ (100%) tentang tumpeng gizi dan ‘ Soal 5’ (67%) tentang aktivitas fisik. Ada peningkatan jumlah responden yang menjawab dengan benar pada ‘Soal 2’ (100%), dan ‘Soal 3‘ (87%) tentang asupan gula dan garam yang tepat. Namun, ada penurunan jumlah responden yang menjawab ‘Soal 4’ tentang menjaga asupan gizi yang tepat yaitu 15 orang (50%). Kami berharap kegiatan ini dapat dilanjutkan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan remaja bagaimana mengatur dan mengontrol agar asupan gizi tetap terjaga sesuai kebutuhan selama pandemi.
Neutrophil extracellular traps-mediated Beclin-1 suppression aggravates atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage autophagy
Authors: Sano Masataka , Maejima Yasuhiro , Nakagama Shun , Shiheido-Watanabe Yuka , Tamura Natsuko , Hirao Kenzo , Isobe Mitsuaki , Sasano Tetsuo
Published: July 2022

A growing body of evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) critically contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. However, the detailed mechanism of how NETs promote atherogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we explored the role of NETs for promoting atherosclerosis by modulating the activity of autophagy in macrophages. NETs were effectively induced by a nicotine administration to the HL-60 cell-derived neutrophil-like cells. Treatment with NETs markedly suppressed both autophagosome formation and autophagosome–lysosome fusion in 7-ketocholesterol-treated macrophages, which are accompanied by the enhancement of inflammasome activity. NETs upregulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity, which enhances Beclin-1 phosphorylation of the tyrosine residues of Beclin-1 by EGFR, inhibits the PI3 kinase activity of the Beclin1–Vps34 complex, and suppresses autophagosome formation in macrophages. Furthermore, NET-induced activation of EGFR allows Rubicon to increase its expression, thereby suppressing autophagosome-lysosome fusion. In vivo experiments revealed that the suppression of NET formation by ablating peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 in neutrophil leukocytes resulted in the attenuation of atherosclerotic plaques in a nicotine-administered HFD-fed ApoE−/−mice. Taken together, these results suggest that NET-mediated EGFR–Beclin-1 signaling in the macrophages promotes atherogenesis by autophagy inhibition-mediated inflammasome activation.
Extracellular vimentin is expressed at the rear of activated macrophage-like cells: Potential role in enhancement of migration and phagocytosis
Authors: Thalla Divyendu Goud , Rajwar Ashish Chand , Laurent Annalena Maria , Becher Johanna Elisabeth , Kainka Lucina , Lautenschläger Franziska
Published: July 2022

Macrophages have a vital role in the immune system through elimination of cell debris and microorganisms by phagocytosis. The activation of macrophages by tumour necrosis factor-α induces expression of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and promotes release of this vimentin into the extracellular environment. Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein that is primarily located in the cytoplasm of cells. However, under circumstances like injury, stress, senescence and activation, vimentin can be expressed on the extracellular cell surface, or it can be released into the extracellular space. The characteristics of this extracellular vimentin, and its implications for the functional role of macrophages and the mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that vimentin is released mainly from the back of macrophage-like cells. This polarisation is strongly enhanced upon macrophage activation. One-dimensional patterned lines showed that extracellular cell-surface vimentin is localised primarily at the back of activated macrophage-like cells. Through two-dimensional migration and phagocytosis assays, we show that this extracellular vimentin enhances migration and phagocytosis of macrophage-like cells. We further show that this extracellular vimentin forms agglomerates on the cell surface, in contrast to its intracellular filamentous form, and that it is released into the extracellular space in the form of small fragments. Taken together, we provide new insights into the release of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and its implications for macrophage functionality.
The structure, biosynthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A: A review
Authors: Chekol Abebe Endeshaw , Tilahun Muche Zelalem , Behaile T/Mariam Awigchew , Mengie Ayele Teklie , Mekonnen Agidew Melaku , Teshome Azezew Muluken , Abebe Zewde Edgeit , Asmamaw Dejenie Tadesse , Asmamaw Mengstie Misganaw
Published: July 2022

Fetuin-A is a heterodimeric plasma glycoprotein containing an A-chain of 282 amino acids and a B-chain of 27 amino acid residues linked by a single inter-disulfide bond. It is predominantly expressed in embryonic cells and adult hepatocytes, and to a lesser extent in adipocytes and monocytes. Fetuin-A binds with a plethora of receptors and exhibits multifaceted physiological and pathological functions. It is involved in the regulation of calcium metabolism, osteogenesis, and the insulin signaling pathway. It also acts as an ectopic calcification inhibitor, protease inhibitor, inflammatory mediator, anti-inflammatory partner, atherogenic factor, and adipogenic factor, among other several moonlighting functions. Fetuin-A has also been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several disorders. This review mainly focuses on the structure, synthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A. Information was gathered manually from various journals via electronic searches using PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Cochrane Library from inception to 2022. Studies written in English and cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, or experimental studies were considered in the review, otherwise excluded.
CO2 Hydrogenation on Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Catalysts: A Mini Review
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Sen , Dong Mei , Fan Weibin
Published: July 2022

Conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added fuels and chemicals can not only reduce the emission amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and alleviate the greenhouse effect but also realize carbon recycling. Through hydrogenation with renewable hydrogen (H2), CO2 can be transformed into various hydrocarbons and oxygenates, including methanol, ethanol, methane and light olefins, etc. Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted extensive attention in the fields of adsorption, gas separation, and catalysis due to their high surface area, abundant metal sites, and tunable metal-support interface interaction. In CO2 hydrogenation, MOFs are regarded as important supports or sacrificed precursors for the preparation of high-efficient catalysts, which can uniformly disperse metal nanoparticles (NPs) and enhance the interaction between metal and support to prevent sintering and aggregation of active metal species. This work summarizes the recent process on hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol, methane and other C2+ products over various MOFs-based catalysts, and it will provide some dues for the design of MOFs materials in energy-efficient conversion and utilization.
Inhibition of Glycolysis Impairs Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene I–Mediated Antiviral Responses in Primary Human Dendritic Cells
Authors: Zevini Alessandra , Palermo Enrico , Di Carlo Daniele , Alexandridi Magdalini , Rinaldo Serena , Paone Alessio , Cutruzzola Francesca , Etna Marilena P. , Coccia Eliana M. , Olagnier David , Hiscott John
Published: July 2022

Dendritic cells (DCs) are important mediators of the induction and regulation of adaptive immune responses following microbial infection and inflammation. Sensing environmental danger signals including viruses, microbial products, or inflammatory stimuli by DCs leads to the rapid transition from a resting state to an activated mature state. DC maturation involves enhanced capturing and processing of antigens for presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II, upregulation of chemokines and their receptors, cytokines and costimulatory molecules, and migration to lymphoid tissues where they prime naive T cells. Orchestrating a cellular response to environmental threats requires a high bioenergetic cost that accompanies the metabolic reprogramming of DCs during activation. We previously demonstrated that DCs undergo a striking functional transition after stimulation of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) pathway with a synthetic 5′ triphosphate containing RNA (termed M8), consisting of the upregulation of interferon (IFN)–stimulated antiviral genes, increased DC phagocytosis, activation of a proinflammatory phenotype, and induction of markers associated with immunogenic cell death. In the present study, we set out to determine the metabolic changes associated with RIG-I stimulation by M8. The rate of glycolysis in primary human DCs was increased in response to RIG-I activation, and glycolytic reprogramming was an essential requirement for DC activation. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) impaired type I IFN induction and signaling by disrupting the TBK1-IRF3-STAT1 axis, thereby countering the antiviral activity induced by M8. Functionally, the impaired IFN response resulted in enhanced viral replication of dengue, coronavirus 229E, and Coxsackie B5.
The Relationship Between Porphyromonas Gingivalis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Yilin , Guo Rui , Oduro Patrick Kwabena , Sun Tongke , Chen Hao , Yi Yating , Zeng Weiqian , Wang Qilong , Leng Ling , Yang Long , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systematical autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic synovial joint inflammation and hurt. Porphyromonas gingivalis(P. gingivalis) can cause life-threatening inflammatory immune responses in humans when the host pathogenic clearance machinery is disordered. Some epidemiological studies have reported that P. gingivalis exposure would increase the prevalence of RA. However, the results remain inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was done to systematically analyze the relationship between P. gingivalis exposure and the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis. Database including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE were searched for published epidemiological articles assessed the relationship between P. gingivalis and RA. Obtained studies were screened based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall Odds Ratios (ORs) of incorporated articles were pooled by random-effect model with STATA 15.1 software. The literature search returned a total of 2057 studies. After exclusion, 28 articles were included and analyzed. The pooled ORs showed a significant increase in the risk of RA in individuals with P. gingivalis exposure (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.43-2.43). Subgroup analysis revealed that pooled ORs from populations located in Europe (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.46-3.22) and North America (OR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.23-5.08) were significantly higher than that from population in Asia (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03-1.20). Substantial heterogeneity was observed but did not significantly influence the overall outcome. In conclusion, our results indicated P. gingivalis exposure was a risk factor in RA. Prompt diagnosis and management decisions on P. gingivalis antimicrobial therapy would prevent rheumatoid arthritis development and progression.
Acute effects of singing on cardiovascular biomarkers
Authors: Somayaji Kamila , Frenkel Mogen , Tabaza Luai , Visotcky Alexis , Ruck Tanya Kruse , Ofori Ernest Kwesi , Widlansky Michael E. , Kulinski Jacquelyn
Published: July 2022

Background

Singing is a physical activity involving components of the vagal nerves manifested as changes in cardiac autonomic regulation.

Aims

The aim of this pilot study is to investigate the acute effects of singing on biomarkers of cardiovascular health.

Methods

Adult subjects were recruited from cardiology clinics to participate in a single 90-min study visit. Vascular function was measured at the fingertips with peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) before and after singing to a 14-min video led by a voice expert. Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured with a chest strap sensor at baseline, during, and after singing. PAT measurements were expressed as reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and Framingham reactive hyperemia index (fRHI). Measures of HRV included root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD) and standard deviation of NN (or RR) intervals (SDNN).

Results

Sixty subjects completed the study (68% female, mean age 61 ±13 years, mean BMI 32 ± 8). There was a significant increase in fRHI (1.88 ± 0.14 to 2.10 ± 0.14, p = 0.02) after singing with no significant change in the RHI (1.99 ± 0.10 to 2.12 ± 0.09, p = 0.22). There was a reduction in HRV during singing (compared to baseline) (RMSSD: 42.0 ± 5 to 32.6 ± 4, p = 0.004 and SDNN: 54 ± 4 to 33.5 ± 3, p = 0.009). HRV measures trended back toward baseline after singing.

Conclusions

A short duration of singing improved vascular function acutely. Improvements were more substantial in subjects with abnormal baseline endothelial function. HRV patterns were similar to that of light-intensity exercise. Future studies should confirm favorable vascular adaptation to more sustained singing interventions.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifer: NCT03805529.
Integrative Analyses Identify Potential Key Genes and Calcium-Signaling Pathway in Familial Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Using Whole-Exome Sequencing
Authors: Huang Jichang , Luo Rong , Zheng Chenqing , Cao Xin , Zhu Yuncai , He Tao , Liu Mingjiang , Yang Zhenglin , Wu Xiushan , Li Xiaoping
Published: July 2022

Background

Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is a common arrhythmia. Growing evidence suggests that family aggregation and genetic factors are involved in AVNRT. However, in families with a history of AVNRT, disease-causing genes have not been reported.

Objective

To investigate the genetic contribution of familial AVNRT using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach.

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 20 patients from nine families with a history of AVNRT and 100 control participants, and we systematically analyzed mutation profiles using WES. Gene-based burden analysis, integration of previous sporadic AVNRT data, pedigree-based co-segregation, protein-protein interaction network analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing, and confirmation of animal phenotype were performed.

Results

Among 95 related reference genes, seven candidate pathogenic genes have been identified both in sporadic and familial AVNRT, including CASQ2, AGXT, ANK2, SYNE2, ZFHX3, GJD3, and SCN4A. Among the 37 reference genes from sporadic AVNRT, five candidate pathogenic genes were identified in patients with both familial and sporadic AVNRT: LAMC1, ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), COL4A3, NOS1, and ATP2C2. To identify the common pathogenic mechanisms in all AVNRT cases, five pathogenic genes were identified in patients with both familial and sporadic AVNRT: LAMC1, RYR2, COL4A3, NOS1, and ATP2C2. Considering the unique internal candidate pathogenic gene within pedigrees, three genes, TRDN, CASQ2, and WNK1, were likely to be the pathogenic genes in familial AVNRT. Notably, the core calcium-signaling pathway may be closely associated with the occurrence of AVNRT, including CASQ2, RYR2, TRDN, NOS1, ANK2, and ATP2C2.

Conclusion

Our pedigree-based studies demonstrate that RYR2 and related calcium signaling pathway play a critical role in the pathogenesis of familial AVNRT using the WES approach.
Porcine Organotypic Epicardial Slice Protocol: A Tool for the Study of Epicardium in Cardiovascular Research
Authors: Maselli Davide , Matos Rolando S. , Johnson Robert D. , Martella Davide , Caprettini Valeria , Chiappini Ciro , Camelliti Patrizia , Campagnolo Paola
Published: July 2022

The epicardium has recently gained interest in the cardiovascular field due to its capacity to support heart regeneration after ischemic injury. Models to study the epicardium of large animals in vitro are limited and mainly based on epicardial cell isolation/differentiation from stem cells, followed by 2D cells culture. In this method paper, we describe the procedure to obtain and culture 3D organotypic heart slices presenting an intact epicardium, as a novel model to study the epicardial physiology and activation. Epicardial slices are obtained from porcine hearts using a high-precision vibratome and retain a healthy epicardial layer embedded in its native extracellular environment and connected with other cardiac cells (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, vascular cells etc.). Epicardial slices can be cultured for 72 h, providing an ideal model for studying the epicardium physiology or perform pharmacological interventions/gene therapy approaches. We also report on methods to assesses the viability and composition of the epicardial slices, and evaluate their architecture in 3D through tissue decoloration. Finally, we present a potential application for a nanomaterial-based gene transfer method for tracking of epicardial cells within the slice. Crucially, given the similarity in morphology and physiology of porcine heart with its human counterpart, our system provides a platform for translational research while providing a clinically relevant and ethical alternative to the use of small animals in this type of research.