bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Room-temperature waveguide-integrated photodetector using bolometric effect for mid-infrared spectroscopy applications
Authors: Kim Sanghyeon , Shim Joonsup , Lim Jinha , Kim Inki , Jeong Jaeyong , Kim Bong Ho , Kim Seong Kwang , Geum Dae-Myeong
Published: July 2024

Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared (MIR) photodetectors are pivotal components for the development of molecular spectroscopy applications, leveraging mature photonic integrated circuit (PIC) technologies. Despite various strategies, critical challenges still remain in achieving broadband photoresponse, cooling-free operation, and large-scale complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible manufacturability. To leap beyond these limitations, the bolometric effect – a thermal detection mechanism – is introduced into the waveguide platform. More importantly, we pursue a free-carrier absorption (FCA) process in germanium (Ge) to create an efficient light-absorbing medium, providing a pragmatic solution for full coverage of the MIR spectrum without incorporating exotic materials into CMOS. Here, we present an uncooled waveguide-integrated photodetector based on a Ge-on-insulator (Ge-OI) PIC architecture, which exploits the bolometric effect combined with FCA. Notably, our device exhibits a broadband responsivity of ~ 12 mA/W across 4030–4360 nm (and potentially beyond), challenging the state of the art, while achieving a noise-equivalent power of 3.4×10− 9 W/Hz0.5 at 4180 nm. We further demonstrate label-free sensing of gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) using our integrated photodetector and sensing waveguide on a single chip. This approach to room-temperature waveguide-integrated MIR photodetection, harnessing bolometry with FCA in Ge, not only facilitates the realization of fully integrated lab-on-a-chip systems with wavelength flexibility but also provides a blueprint for MIR PICs with CMOS-foundry-compatibility.
Gastroesophageal Disease and Environmental Exposure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kim Daniel Hyun , Podury Sanjiti , Zadeh Aida Fallah , Kwon Sophia , Grunig Gabriele , Liu Mengling , Nolan Anna
Published: July 2024

Environmental exposure-associated disease is an active area of study, especially in the context of increasing global air pollution and use of inhalants. Our group is dedicated to the study of exposure-related inflammation and downstream health effects. While many studies have focused on the impact of inhalants on respiratory sequelae, there is growing evidence of the involvement of other systems including autoimmune, endocrine, and gastrointestinal. This systematic review aims to provide a recent update that will underscore the associations between inhalation exposures and upper gastrointestinal disease in the contexts of our evolving environmental exposures. Keywords focused on inhalational exposures and gastrointestinal disease. Primary search identified n = 764 studies, of which n = 64 met eligibility criteria. In particular, there was support for existing evidence that PM increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal diseases. Smoking was also confirmed to be major risk factor. Interestingly, studies in this review have also identified waterpipe use as a significant risk factor for gastroesophageal reflux and gastric cancer. Our systematic review identified inhalational exposures as risk factors for aerodigestive disease, further supporting the association between environmental exposure and digestive disease. However, due to limitations on our review’s scope, further studies must be done to better understand this interaction.
Implementation and evaluation of acupuncture training program using a rapid prototyping instructional systems design model: A mixed-methods study for effectiveness evaluation
Authors: Cho Eunbyul , Nam Yeonkyeong , Hong Jiseong , Han Yejin , Kim Jae-Hyo
Published: July 2024

Background
Acupuncture has expanded worldwide, but there are no studies on effective acupuncture training. We implemented and evaluated a new acupuncture training program using a rapid prototyping instructional system design model.
Methods
A training program was implemented in a college of Korean Medicine in 2022/2023. We used a mixed-methods design to examine student satisfaction, challenges, and solutions to the program through an evaluation survey and in-depth interviews. Communication skills were measured using a pre- and post-course self-efficacy questionnaire, paired t-test, or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Qualitative data were coded and categorized using thematic analysis.
Results
Thirty-five students completed the communication questionnaire. The mean total score increased significantly after the course. The 45 responses to the reaction evaluation indicated overall satisfaction as 97.8%, augmented by their reasons. Interviews indicated that competency in locating acupuncture points and performing acupuncture was achieved through repeated hands-on practice. Future improvements include providing more practice time for students and gradually increasing the amount of learning.
Conclusion
The acupuncture training program improved clean needle technique, point location finding, and communication skills required for clinical practice. Further research is needed to expand the program to other regions and professions using acupuncture to objectively evaluate the program’s external validity.
Association between systemic sclerosis and atopic comorbidities: A case-control study of the All of Us database
Authors: Hren M. Grace , Piontkowski Austin , Khattri Saakshi
Published: July 2024

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disease, with skewing of the T helper 1 (Th1) immune response associated with progression. In contrast, atopic disorders are common chronic diseases with the Th2 axis implicated in pathogenesis. Previous research suggests that Th2 cytokines, namely IL-4 and IL-13, may play a role in the inflammatory and fibrotic phases of SSc. A previous epidemiological study also showed an association between SSc and atopic dermatitis. Herein, we utilized the All of Us database to illuminate potential associations between SSc and atopy/allergic disease. We executed a nested case-control analysis, identifying 1,730 patients with SSc and matching each SSc patient to 4 age-, race-, ethnicity-, and sex- controls. χ2 test revealed that patients with SSc had significantly higher (p<0.001) rates of atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis compared to matched controls. Logistic regression revealed that compared to controls, SSc patients were significantly more likely (p<0.001) to be diagnosed with each aforementioned atopic disease, respectively. Revealing an association between SSc and atopic diseases, our study aligns with previous epidemiological research examining the overlap of these two entities, suggesting the role of the Th2 axis in SSc pathogenesis. Studies such as these are crucial, as they may enable potential repurposing of several highly efficacious biologics therapies available for treatment of Th2 axis predominant diseases, namely dupilumab, an IL-4Ra inhibitor approved for use in atopic dermatitis and asthma. Further investigation into the role of the Th2 axis and the potential of Th2-specific biologics in treating SSc may be warranted.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Assessments, Potential Antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies of Polyfunctional Substituted Azoles, Azines, and their Analogs linked Sulfamethoxazole moiety
Authors: Mousa I. A. , Elmaghraby A. M. , Gaffer Hatem E. , Yahya M. E. , Hassane Abdallah. M. A , Hussein Abdel Haleem. M
Published: July 2024

A new series of substituted azoles, azines, and their analogs linked sulfamethoxazole moiety was designed and synthesized. The antioxidant activity study of our synthesized compounds and molecular docking enhancement were achieved. Moreover, the antimicrobial assay indicated that compound 1 is the most active compound against all the strains compared to the reference drugs. So, reactions of β-oxobutanamide derivative 1 with different reagents afforded compounds 2a,b, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 14. Coupling of 1 with diazonium salt yield aryl hydrazones 10a,b which reacts with ethyl chloroformate to yield the triazinediones 11a,b. Reactions of enaminone 12 with some electrophilic and nucleophilic reagents to yield compounds 16, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 respectively. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral and elemental analyses.
Effect of pH on the surface charges of permanently charged soils and clay minerals
Authors: Cao Hua , Liu Xinmin , Feng Bo , Sun Jiaqi , Ma Deyuan , Chen Xijing , Li Hang
Published: July 2024

Traditionally, the surface charge number (SCN) of permanently charged soils/clay minerals is believed to be unaffected by environmental pH. However, recent studies have revealed the occurrence of polarization-induced covalent bonding between H+ and the surface O atoms of permanently charged clay minerals. This discovery challenges the traditional notions of “permanently charged soils” and “permanently charged clay minerals”. The purpose of this study is to confirm that there is no true “permanently charged clay” or “permanently charged soil”. In this study, the SCNs of two permanently charged clay minerals, two variably charged clay minerals, five permanently charged soils, and four variably charged soils were measured at different pH values using the universal determination method of surface charge number. The results showed that: (1) The SCNs of both the permanently and variably charged soil/clay minerals decreased significantly with decreasing pH; (2) the SCN of montmorillonite decreased less with decreasing pH than the SCNs of the variably charged minerals, whereas the SCN of illite decreased to nearly the same extent, indicating strong polarization-induced covalent bonding between H+ and the surface O atoms of illite; (3) the SCNs of the permanently charged soils decreased to a similar extent as those of the variably charged soils with decreasing pH. This study demonstrated that there is no true “permanently charged clay mineral” or “permanently charged soil” because of the polarization-induced covalent interactions between H+ and the surface O atoms of clay minerals.
Peer Learning and Academic Burnout Mitigation in Medical Students: A Mediation Analysis
Authors: Gómez Isabel C. , Jiménez Natalia M. , Moreira Ana , Rojas Legier V.
Published: July 2024

Background
Academic Burnout (ABO) is prevalent among medical students and is characterized by mental and physical exhaustion, cynicism, and a sense of inadequacy. Informal Peer-Assisted Learning (IPAL) is recognized as an effective strategy to enhance student wellness and mitigate ABO by fostering collaborative learning and support without direct faculty oversight. This study evaluates the effectiveness of IPAL in reducing ABO, focusing on the mediation of the observed variables and its impact on student well-being.
Methods
This study extends previous research using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to include mediation analysis of the observed variables within the latent constructs of Cynicism (CY) and Inadequacy (IN) that are thought to influence the relationship between IPAL and ABO. Data were sourced from a validated Student Burnout Inventory (SBI-8) across a sample of medical students with varied IPAL engagement levels. Our approach used General Linear Model (GLM) mediation models to explore both direct and indirect effects of IPAL on ABO.
Results
The indirect effect of IPAL on ABO is mediated through specific observed variables, including CY2 “loss of interest in academic work” (β = -0.078, CI, -0.158/-0.009, p=0.026), IN1 “feeling of inadequacy” (β = -0.053, CI, -0.105/-0.005, p=0.034), and IN2 “reduced academic expectations” (β = -0.036, CI, -0.008/-0.007, p=0.025)5. The total effect of IPAL on ABO was significant (β = -0.1450CI, -0.292/0.014, p=0.034), the total indirect effect was significant (β = -0.167, CI, -0.303/-0.030, p=0.006).
Conclusions
IPAL effectively addresses critical aspects of burnout, specifically through reducing feelings of cynicism and inadequacy among medical students. These results provide a valuable framework in designing targeted interventions to reduce ABO.
Enhancing Oxygen Distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cells Based on Modified Gas Diffusion Layer Designs: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ngo Cam Tu , Kim Hyun Chul
Published: July 2024

This study analyzes new artificial changes in innovative gas diffusion layers (GDLs) to maximize the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Specifically, a new perforated grooved uniform gas diffusion layer (PG-GDL) is used to improve the water drainage and oxygen transport using three-dimensional modeling and simulations of a single-channel PEMFC. Comparative analyses are performed between the different perforated GDLs and the conventional GDLs using groove depth inside a PG-GDL. Findings show that the uniform grooved shape in the PG-GDL produces a more uniform oxygen flow and distribution with an overall improvement in the PEMFC performance. Our study shows that the appropriate GDL design should be obtained to optimize the PEMFC performance.
Identifcation and Validation of EMT-immune-related Prognostic Biomarkers CMTM3 and LTBP2 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kang Ning , Qi Licui
Published: July 2024

Background. Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a common gastrointestinal
tumor with high morbidity and mortality. The interaction between
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune microenvironment
has important clinical significance. We aim to identify
EMT-immune-related biomarkers in GC. Methods. We used GEO2R to
calculate the differential expression genes (DEGs) between GC and
normal mucosa. Immport, InnateDB and EMTome databases were used to
define EMT-immune-related DEGs. We conducted batch prognostic
analysis by GEPIA 2.0 and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases. The
expression patterns were verified by multiple datasets and lab
experiments. TCGA data, GEPIA, TIMER 2.0 and Tumor-immune system
interaction database (TISIDB) databases were utilized to analyze
the correlation of the hub genes with EMT markers and immune
infiltration. Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia(CCLE) database was used
for co-expression and GO, KEGG, GSEA were used for enrichment
analysis. Finally, the therapeutic sensitivity was analyzed. CMTM3,
LTBP2 were up-regulated in GC and correlated with poor survival in
different databases. Results. CMTM3 and LTBP2 were positively
correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints by
the TIMER algorithm. By using the CIBERSORT algorithm, CMTM3 was
positively correlated with the infiltration of macrophages (M2) and
negatively correlated with dendritic cells activated, plasma cells.
LTBP2 was negatively correlated with macrophages (M1), T cells
CD4 + memory activated. Moreover, CMTM3 and LTBP2 were correlated
with the EMT process. CMTM3 and LTBP2 could participate in the
PI3K − Akt signaling pathway, TGF-β pathway and so forth. The
expression of CMTM3 and LTBP2 may be judgments of the therapeutic
sensitivity. Conclusion. Our work suggested the roles of CMTM3 and
LTBP2 on prognosis, drug resistance, immune microenvironment and
EMT process. They may be promising prognostic biomarkers and
potential therapeutic targets in gastric carcinoma which deserves
further study.
Proteomics based evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of a polyherbal formulation in Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats
Authors: Chougule Shridhar , Shirolkar Amey , Gacche Rajesh , Gaidhani Sudesh , Pawar Sharad
Published: July 2024

Proteomics have proven advantage in drug and disease physiology characterization. Here the polyherbal formulation was administered daily via oral gavage in two groups of Six Sprague Dawley diabetic rats at the doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight for 21 days to understand its antidiabetic potential with proteomics approach. Blood sugar levels were monitored weekly during experimentation. The concurrent control group receiving 10 mL/kg water was also maintained. Rats were examined regularly for signs of toxicity and mortality and underwent detailed clinical examinations prior to initiation and weekly thereafter. Body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. The anti-hyperglycaemic effect of the formulation was estimated from blood glucose levels weekly. There was no observed mortality or adverse clinical signs among the rats exposed to the standard drug and formulation. Streptozotocin caused a significant weight loss in rats, while treatment with formulation at 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. concentrations and Glibenclamide as a standard drug; restrained the decrease in body weight. The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats exhibited a sharp elevation in blood glucose levels. The blood glucose levels were significantly lowered in a dose dependent manner post formulation treatment, in comparison to the control group. Treatment with formulation, standard, and streptozotocin did not induce any remarkable gross pathological alterations in any of the organs/tissues of rats. In proteomics analysis, in formulation treatment groups ECM and Circadian entrainment pathways were activated which are in line with the objective of normalization of altered metabolism in diabetes.
Towards Understanding the Functional Connectivity Patterns in Visual Brain Network
Authors: Bhattacharya Debanjali , Sinha Neelam
Published: July 2024

Recent advances in neuroimaging have enabled studies in functional connectivity (FC) of human brain, alongside investigation of the neuronal basis of cognition. One important FC study is the representation of vision in human brain. The release of publicly available dataset ”BOLD5000” has made it possible to study the brain dynamics during visual tasks in greater detail. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of fMRI time series (TS) has been performed to explore different types of visual brain networks (VBN). The novelty of this work lies in (1) constructing VBN with consistently significant direct connectivity using both marginal and partial correlation, which is further analyzed using graph theoretic measures, (2) classification of VBNs as formed by image complexity-specific TS, using graphical features. In image complexity-specific VBN classification, XGBoost yields average accuracy in the range of 86.5% to 91.5% for positively correlated VBN, which is 2% greater than that using negative correlation. This result not only reflects the distinguishing graphical characteristics of each image complexity-specific VBN, but also highlights the importance of studying both positively correlated and negatively correlated VBN to understand the how differently brain functions while viewing different complexities of real-world images.
Environmental Literacy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Kolina Ekaterina S. ,   Institute for Educational Development Strategy of the Russian Academy of Education
Published: July 2024

The introduction of environmental literacy as a basic type of literacy into the global education system is a natural process. Attention to this indicator is increased when positioning environmental education as a platform for education for sustainable development. A sustainable society is an environmentally literate society which does not destroy the natural environment which sustains it. Comparison of ideas about the structure (invariants, frameworks) of ecological literacy reveals a great diversity of opinions. The article is devoted to the comparison of structural models of ecological literacy used abroad and offered in domestic pedagogy for ecological/environmental education for sustainable development. Different bases (criteria) for different authors distinguish components of ecological literacy are revealed. The author has divided them into two groups: with psychological and pedagogical criteria and with predominantly cultural grounds. It is concluded that psychological and pedagogical criteria of pedagogical literacy structure development are used in the variants of ecological education, focused on the formation of literacy as its main result. Culturological criteria of this pedagogical indicator began to be developed in ecological education, the aim of which is the formation of ecological culture. Comparison of different approaches to the selection of criteria for structuring environmental literacy as an indicator of environmental education for sustainable development has revealed both their common features and peculiarities. It has been determined that the common criteria of highlighted groups of criteria are: knowledge of ecology and environmental problems, cognitive skills as well as environmentally responsible (eco-friendly, biosphere-compatible) behaviour in the environment. The psychological-pedagogical framework of environmental literacy also includes sensual-emotional criterion and socio-political knowledge. Cultural framework of ecological literacy includes semiotic (language, signs, symbols) and axiological (value) components, as well as a component of solving contradictions of ecological consciousness, and subjective, or cultural-creative one. The conclusion is made, that the choice by a teacher-practitioner of this or that model of measurement of ecological literacy of students should correspond to the realized variant of ecological education, the purpose which is put in it.
Application of Oil Extracted from Cashew Nut Peel (Anacardium occidentale) as an Antioxidant for Biodiesel
Authors: Ramos Fabrício , Guarda Patrícia , Sousa Rosinete , Mendes Danylo , Silva Fabiana , Guarda Emerson
Published: July 2024

The present work aims to extract and test cashew nut peel oil as a natural antioxidant in the oxidative stabilization of biodiesel. Therefore, determinations of the ideal time of Soxhlet and thermal extractions, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, and evaluation of the oxidative stability by Rancimat method were carried out. FTIR analyses revealed that the 3rd cycle of extraction was sufficient to extract all the oil, with an average yield of 30.0%. For the thermal extraction of the laboratory technical cashew nut peel oil, the best extraction, based on statistical analysis, was 60 min, yielding 20.0%. The FTIR analysis of the extracted cashew nut peel oil showed characteristic peaks of phenolic groups and organic acids, showing differences in the intensities of the absorption bands. The oxidative stability showed induction period of 8 h 40 min for the hydraulic press extraction, 10 h 35 min for the Soxhlet extraction, and 10 h 65 min for the industrial technical extraction of the cashew nut peel oil. All values were below the 12-h limit established by the National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). The technical cashew nut peel oil extracted in the laboratory presented an induction period of 11 h 12 min, close to that recommended by ANP, proving to be a promising natural antioxidant. Cardanol presented satisfactory results with 25 h 22 min, double that suggested by ANP. Thus, cashew nut peel oil showed important and promising results as a natural antioxidant for biodiesel.
Chemical analysis of Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride in appetite-stimulating herbs marketed in Banyumas regency: ensuring consumer safety
Authors: Indarwati Atika , Fitriana Adita Silvia , Rahmawati Nur
Published: July 2024

Jamu, a traditional Indonesian herbal medicine, is widely used in traditional healing practices nationwide, including the Banyumas Regency. The Indonesian government has implemented restrictions that forbid the inclusion of medicinal compounds in jamu, as their unregulated usage poses possible health hazards. Cyproheptadine hydrochloride is a frequently encountered medicinal component in appetite-stimulating herbs. However, the extent of adulteration of cyproheptadine hydrochloride in appetite-stimulating herbs marketed in Banyumas Regency is undisclosed. This study purposed to analyze and quantify the presence of cyproheptadine hydrochloride in appetite-stimulating herbs that are available for sale in the Banyumas Regency. The aim was to inform customers about these herbs' possible pharmaceutical ingredient content. The study utilized a qualitative analysis of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a quantitative analysis with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Fourteen samples of appetite-stimulating herbs in powdered, capsule, and tablet forms were gathered from different areas within the Banyumas Regency. Qualitative analysis revealed cyproheptadine hydrochloride in two herbal samples, SNM TG and SNM AM. The quantitative examination revealed that the content of cyproheptadine hydrochloride in SNM TG was 10.92 mg/5g, whereas in SNM AM, it was 7.93 mg/5g. These findings indicate that there have been breaches of regulations, and individuals who ingest these herbs may be susceptible to health problems. Further investigation is required to analyze a broader range of appetite-stimulating herbal samples, particularly those in liquid form, to ascertain the level of contamination with cyproheptadine hydrochloride and provide essential data for health regulations.
The Association Between Resolvin D1 Levels and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Seyhanli Zeynep , Bayraktar Burak , Bucak Mevlut , Karabay Gulsan , Tokgoz Cakir Betul , Ulusoy Can Ozan , Aktemur Gizem , Sefik Selver Ozge , Topkara Sucu Serap , Celen Sevki , Caglar Ali Turhan
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal Resolvin D1 levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigate the association between perinatal outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: This case-control study included 88 singleton pregnancies, conducted from August 2023 to January 2024, at a tertiary care center. Participants were divided into two groups: 44 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM comprised the study group, and 44 healthy pregnant women served as the control group. Additionally, the GDM group was categorized based on management approach into 21 women managed with diet alone and 23 women requiring insulin therapy. Maternal plasma Resolvin D1 levels and maternal-neonatal outcomes were then compared between groups. The analysis involved determining the optimal Resolvin D1 cut-off levels for predicting composite adverse neonatal outcomes in GDM using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.
RESULTS: The plasma Resolvin D1 level in pregnant women with GDM was significantly higher compared to the control group (337±74.1 vs. 297±56.7, p<0.001). Furthermore, maternal plasma Resolvin D1 levels were associated with composite adverse neonatal outcomes [presence of at least one of the following conditions: preterm birth (<37 weeks), low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 grams), neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, APGAR score at 5th minute <7, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)], with a cut-off of >338.75, showing a sensitivity of 56.3%, a specificity of 79.2%, and an AUC of 0.675 (95% CI: 0.567-0.771, p=0.024).
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that pregnancies affected by GDM exhibit elevated levels of Resolvin D1, which is associated with a higher incidence of composite adverse neonatal outcomes.
Novel optimized coupled rainfall model simulation based on stepwise decomposition technique
Authors: Zheng Zhiwen , Yao Yuan , Zhang Xianqi , Zhao Yue , Qi Yu
Published: July 2024

Precipitation forecasting plays a pivotal role in guiding the effective management of regional water resources and providing crucial warnings for regional droughts and floods. Finding a monthly precipitation simulation model with robust fitting performance is a significant research endeavor in practical precipitation prediction. This paper introduces two modified African vulture optimization algorithms (MAVOA1 and MAVOA2). It provides hyperparameter optimization techniques for the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), long short-term memory neural network (LSTM), and random forest (RF) models. These techniques are used to construct a monthly precipitation simulation model based on algorithmic optimization coupled with variational mode decomposition for full decomposition. The test results at five typical stations in the North China Plain reveal the following: (1) the LSSVM model demonstrates significantly better performance than the LSTM and RF models. (2) the MAVOA2-LSSVM model has the best-integrated effect: the average test fitting error is RMSE = 17.50 mm/month, MRE = 117.25%, NSE = 0.90, which shows its superiority in practical application and can significantly improve the accuracy of precipitation prediction; MAVOA2 is more suitable for machine learning models with more hyperparameters of its own, which provides a reference for hyperparameter optimization algorithms in the other fields.
Conocimiento didáctico del contenido de educación ambiental de una profesora en el contexto escolar
Authors: Duarte Diaz Jenny Johanna , Valbuena Ussa Édgar Orlay
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar y analizar el Conocimiento Didáctico del Contenido (CDC) de Educación Ambiental (EA) de una profesora del área curricular de Ciencias Naturales, haciendo énfasis en la estructura y la construcción de dicho conocimiento. Se desarrolló desde la perspectiva interpretativa, en la modalidad de estudio de caso. Los datos de investigación se obtuvieron de lo que la docente realiza en su práctica y de lo que declara sobre su enseñanza; el análisis se realizó mediante ejes DOCP, a partir del establecimiento de la complejidad de los componentes de dicho conocimiento. El componente mayoritario del CDC en acción es el contenido de enseñanza, y el de menor frecuencia el contexto. Se identificó una relación directa entre varios componentes y se interpretó que desarrollar la enseñanza de la EA en un área curricular particular puede conllevar limitaciones. El establecimiento de niveles de complejidad y de los ejes DOCP posibilitó modelizar el CDCEA en mapas que representan los componentes y sus relaciones, así como elementos de comprensión de la construcción, limitaciones y potencialidades de dicho conocimiento. Se concluyó que el análisis del CDCEA implica abordar la caracterización de acuerdo con lo declarativo y la práctica de enseñanza.
Experiencias corporales en adolescentes escolarizados en tiempos de pos-covid 19
Authors: Polo Morales María Camila , Leal Acosta Karem Julieth , Tovar Sandino Ana María , Fernández Cediel Miryam Cristina
Published: July 2024

Luego de la pandemia de la COVID-19, los adolescentes están recuperando su espacio escolar como un lugar para interactuar con amigos y compañeros de clase. Este proceso está sucediendo luego de las restricciones sociales y emocionales que vivieron durante la pandemia y que hicieron que los cuerpos y la configuración identitaria de ellos se viera alterada. Este estudio exploró las experiencias corporales que construyen la identidad de los adolescentes escolarizados en tiempos de pospandemia. Para ello, se adoptó el enfoque cualitativo y el método de Investigación Basado en las Artes. Participaron 90 adolescentes mediante la estrategia del taller. Se encontraron tres temáticas analíticas a rescatar: las experiencias corporales que tienen lugar en las prácticas cotidianas (prácticas musicales, artísticas, deportivas, y el uso del internet), las prácticas en relación con la pertenencia a grupos sociales, en particular agrupaciones musicales y la comunidad LGBTIQ+; y las emociones dominantes que configuran su proceso identitario, principalmente la tristeza. Resulta necesario que, dentro de la escuela, se creen canales de diálogo acerca de los procesos identitarios que están viviendo los adolescentes, en los cuales ellos se sientan seguros de poder manifestar aquello que les suscita dudas o malestares.
La investigación en formación ciudadana: una revisión cienciométrica para comprender su evolución y alcance
Authors: Escobar Pérez Nelly Yohana , González Gil Marta Elena
Published: July 2024

La formación ciudadana es un pilar fundamental de la educación en Colombia. En esta revisión, se consideró importante caracterizar la producción científica en este campo[1] y analizar las contribuciones académicas en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science (WoS). Dicha búsqueda se orientó con la pregunta ¿cuáles son las principales contribuciones científicas en formación ciudadana utilizando técnicas cienciométricas? Se realizó un mapeo científico por año y país, para analizar el impacto y la calidad en términos de citaciones y redes de colaboración, de acuerdo con la clasificación de revistas según el sistema de cuartiles de Scimago. Las conclusiones evidencian que la producción académica sobre formación ciudadana aumenta a partir del año 2011 y entre sus temas de mayor desarrollo se encuentran los desafíos de su enseñanza, el análisis de los resultados de su evaluación mediante pruebas estandarizadas y la incorporación de la ciudadanía global en naciones multiculturales.
Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes
Authors: Lira de França Karen Daniele , Meneses Martins Leylane , Mendes Filho Luiz Augusto
Published: July 2024

Os Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes (DTI) são estruturas turísticas inovadoras e acessíveis que podem garantir o desenvolvimento sustentável local por meio da integração do visitante com novas tecnologias, incrementando a qualidade do destino e experiências na viagem. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o grau de inteligência da cidade Aracaju, a partir da percepção dos stakeholders da Iniciativa Privada do trade turístico. A pesquisa baseia-se no modelo da Sociedad Estatal para la Gestión de la Innovación y las Tecnologias Turísticas (SEGITTUR), a partir de cinco perspectivas que caracterizam uma cidade como DTI: Sustentabilidade, Acessibilidade, Tecnologia, Inovação e Governança, além da perspectiva da Qualidade da Marca do Destino. O método quantitativo foi utilizado para verificar as hipóteses e a análise dos dados foi realizada através da estatística descritiva, teste de confiabilidade, análise fatorial exploratória e Regressão Linear Múltipla. Os resultados mostraram que Aracaju não possui ações percebidas pela iniciativa privada nas dimensões de Sustentabilidade, Acessibilidade, Inovação e Governança, comprovando as hipóteses rejeitadas. A pesquisa confirmou as hipóteses referentes as dimensões Tecnologia e Qualidade da marca, demonstrando, assim, a influência dessas variáveis no DTI em Aracaju. Conclui-se que apesar de já existirem ações da gestão pública para tornar Aracaju um DTI, verifica-se a necessidade de mais parcerias público-privadas e envolvimento dos stakeholders da iniciativa privada, a fim de viabilizar e executar projetos nessa área. Esta pesquisa se mostra inovadora por trazer contribuições essenciais para os gestores de destino planejarem, junto à iniciativa privada, um destino turístico inteligente.
Metodologia Híbrida de Preferência Declarada e Redes Bayesianas
Authors: Xavier Guterres Marcelo , Aires Batista Sophie , Montes Silva Henrique Guilherme , Carvalho Galvão da Silva Pinto Bandeira Michelle , Sonaglio Albano Cláudio
Published: July 2024

É crescente a preocupação das organizações em entender como os indivíduos realizam suas escolhas de consumo. Para alcançar informações assertivas da preferência dos clientes, este trabalho utilizou uma metodologia híbrida de Preferência Declarada (PD) e Redes Bayesianas (RB), obtendo um modelo capaz de quantificar a probabilidade de ocorrer reservas e não reservas de um hotel. Os resultados da PD apontaram as qualificações dos atributos frente as escolhas dos hóspedes. A partir do desenvolvimento de uma RB, foi possível mostrar o impacto da ocupação dos hotéis frente aos atributos: serviços, acomodação, localização e preço. A coleta de dados ocorreu em diversos hotéis de uma única cidade, sendo realizada em formulários disponibilizados na recepção de cada hotel. Os resultados mostraram que o atributo serviços é o mais importante para promover a ocupação dos hotéis. Em seguida, a acomodação e a localização. Em contrapartida, o atributo preço mostrou-se menos importante, indicando uma menor sensibilidade a nesse atributo. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo são importantes para apoiar a gestão hoteleira e contribui com uma nova abordagem metodológica na literatura do setor e áreas correlatas.
Carbohydrate Derived α,β -Unsaturated Enals (Perlin’s Aldehyde) as Chiral Synthon
for the Synthesis of Privileged Scaffolds
Authors: Yadav Yogesh , Tyagi Rajdeep , Sagar Ram
Published: July 2024

Perlin’s aldehyde is an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound with two well-defined
chiral centres and a free hydroxy group. Since its discovery and synthesis by A. S. Perlin in
1975, it has been used as a flexible chiral synthon for synthesising natural products, their scaffolds
and biologically significant compounds. Perlin’s aldehydes serve as useful starting materials
in diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) and chiral building blocks in organic synthesis.
Currently, synthesising frameworks based on carbohydrates is at the forefront of organic synthesis.
Inspired by the reactivity of Perlin’s aldehyde, various research groups worldwide used
this molecule as a chiral synthon and published a number of research papers and a review article
covering literature until 2012. This review covers recent advances in the synthesis of natural
products, their scaffolds and other hetrocylic molecules, starting from perlin aldehyde, covering the literature
from 2013 to till date.
A Systematic Review of Economic Evidence of Cardiovascular Interventions in India
Authors: Abidi Saba , Nair Anandita , Ahuja Rakhi , Dwivedi Shridhar , Talegaonkar Sushama
Published: July 2024

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the primary cause of
mortality globally and invariably in India as well. The rapid upsurge in the prevalence of CVDs
in India has created a pressing need to promote contemporary, sustainable, and cost-effective interventions
to tackle the CVD burden. This systematic review integrates the research-based evidence
of the cost-effectiveness of various interventions that can be adapted to control CVDs in
India.

Methods:

Databases, namely, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar, were
searched for data on the economic evaluation of interventions targeting CVD based on the Indian
population for a period of 30 years (1991-2021). Two reviewers assessed the articles for eligibility,
and data were extracted from the shortlisted articles as per a predefined template, including
the quantification of methodological aspects.

Results:

In total, 1249 studies were examined, out of which 23 completely met the inclusion criteria
for full-text review. A total of 16 studies were based solely on the Indian population, while
the rest (7) included South Asia/Asia for the intervention, of which India was a participant nation.
Most of the economic evaluations targeted treatment-based or pharmacological interventions
(14) for CVDs. The evaluations were based on Decision-based models (10), Randomized
controlled Trials (RCTs) (9), and Observational studies (4). The cost-effectiveness ratio for the
included studies exhibited a diverse range due to variations in methodological approaches, such
as differences in study settings, populations, and inconsistencies in study design. The mean
ICER (Incremental Cost-effectiveness ratio) for primordial and primary preventions was found
to be 3073.8 (US $2022) and 17489.9 (US $2022), respectively. Moreover, the combined mean
value for secondary and tertiary prevention was 2029.6 (US$2022).

Conclusion:

The economic evidence of public health interventions are expanding, but their focus
is restricted towards pharmacological interventions. There is an urgency to emphasize primordial
and primary prevention for better outcomes in health economics decision-making. Technology-
based avenues for intervention need more exploration in order to cater to a large population
like India.
Impact of Luteinizing Hormone on IVF/ICSI Assisted Reproduction on the Initiation Day of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocol
Authors: Zhang Li-Jia , Liu Dun , Xu Li-Qing , Wei Jin-Yan , Fan Lin , Zhang Xi-Qian , Liu Feng-Hua
Published: July 2024

Objective:

The aim of the study was to explore the optimal timing of gonadotropin initiation
and the reasonable interval of luteinizing hormone (LH) level in the gonadotropin-releasing
hormone antagonist (GnRH-A) protocol.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the LH level in patients with different
ovarian response treated in GnRH-A protocol in 1361 IVF/ICSI cycles. Ovarian response
(including AMH, AFC) in these patients were divided into the poor ovarian response group (an antral
follicle count (AFC) ≤ 6, n = 394), the normal ovarian response group (an AFC > 6 and < 15,
n = 570), and the high ovarian response group (an AFC ≥ 15, n = 397), according to the AFC. The
patients were sub-grouped according to LH levels on the protocol initiation day, and the clinical
outcomes (including dose of Gn initiation, Gn administration days, GnRH-ant administration
days, P levels on the HCG day, E2 levels on the HCG day, LH levels on the HCG day, number of
embryos transferred, total fertilization rate, embryo implantation rate (%), proportion of 2PN, proportion
of good-quality embryos, endometrial thickness on the hCG injection day (mm), moderate
to severe OHSS, AFC on the initiation day, proportion of type A endometrium on the hCG injection
day, clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy
rate) were compared.

Results:

On the GnRH-A protocol initiation day, among all patients with different ovarian responses,
the body mass index (BMI) in those with an LH ≥ 5 IU/L was lower. The difference of pregnancy
outcome between the LH < 5 IU/L group and the LH ≥ 5 IU/L group were not statistically
significant among the different ovarian response groups, but the LH < 5 IU/L group had a higher
proportion of good-quality embryos (80.3 ± 24.9 vs. 74.8 ± 26.9, P =0.035) than the LH≥5IU/Lgroup
in those with poor ovarian response. The total fertilization rate (82.2 ± 18.1 vs 85.4 ± 15.1,
P =0.021) and proportion of two pronuclei (2PN) (69.0 ± 20.9 vs 72.7 ± 19.9, P =0.035) were higher
in the LH ≥ 5 IU/L group than the LH<5 IU/L group for those with normal ovarian response.
The embryo implantation rate (41.4 ± 41.3 vs 52.6 ± 43.4, P =0.012) was higher in the LH ≥ 5
IU/L group than in the LH<5 IU/L group in those with high ovarian response. The results of the
multivariate logistic analysis showed that the age of the female partner, number of embryos transferred,
proportion of good-quality embryos, endometrial thickness on the hCG injection day, and
moderate-to-severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were independent factors correlated
with the outcome of live births (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The LH levels on the gonadotropins (Gn) initiation day in GnRH-A protocol will not
affect pregnancy outcomes.
Investigating the State of Self-Harm and its Relationship with Suicidal Ideation in College Students: Evidence from a Cross-sectional Study in Southern Iran
Authors: Faryabi Reza , Bordbar Shima , Bahmaei Jamshid , Barfar Eshagh , Yusefi Ali Reza
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation as two important psychological challenges can have irreparable consequences for students. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the state of self-harm and its relationship with suicidal ideation in students.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students of different fields at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in the south of Iran between June and September 2023. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires of the Beck scale for suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and self-harm behaviors. Descriptive statistics methods were used for the scores of self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation. Pearson's correlation coefficient was also used to check the correlation between these two main variables, and statistical tests such as t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare averages between groups. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 23.

Results

Self-harm behaviors were at low, average, high, and very high levels in 24%, 67%, and 9% of students, respectively. Also, Suicidal ideation was in low, moderate, and high (readiness to commit suicide) levels in 5.6%, 3.4%, and 1.05% of students, respectively. Furthermore, 89.95% of students also had no suicidal thoughts. There was a statistically significant correlation between self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation of students (p<0.001, r=0.667). Also, the mean score of self-harm behaviors, including dormitory residents (p=0.02), males (p=0.04), singles (p=0.001), undergraduates (p=0.003), and unemployed (p=0.01) was significantly higher than others. In addition, the average score of suicidal ideation was significantly higher in students living in the dormitories (p=0.03), including singles (p=0.005), undergraduates (p=0.02), and unemployed (p=0.04) than in others.

Conclusion

It is suggested that the officials of student, counseling, and cultural affairs of universities improve the living conditions of students in dormitories, pay attention to the needs of students, and try to solve their mental and psychological problems, as well as provide employment and marriage of students to reduce their self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation. Additionally, government policy interventions, such as routine mental health care screening programs for students and timely interventions to solve mental health problems, are suggested.