bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Insights into Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Papain-Like Protease in the Evolution and Management of COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: MAGWAZA NONJABULO N. , MUSHEBENGE AGANZE , UGBAJA SAMUEL CHIMA , MBATHA NONKULULEKO AVRIL , KHAN RENE B. , KUMALO HEZEKIEL M.
Published: November 2023

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has created an incomparable global health problem. PLpro is a key protein involved in viral polyprotein processing and immune system evasion, making it a prime target for the development of antiviral drugs to combat COVID-19. The review begins by elucidating the functional and structural properties of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro, underscoring its significance in viral pathogenicity and replication. Employing homology modeling, a tertiary structure model of PLpro is constructed, laying the groundwork for subsequent investigations. To expedite the search for potential therapeutic candidates, the study harnesses computational methodologies. Molecular docking techniques are employed to explore binding sites for antiviral drugs within the catalytic region of PLpro. This computational approach not only aids in drug development but also provides crucial preliminary data before experimental research commences. The stability of drug-PLpro complexes is assessed through comprehensive all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, affording dynamic insights into drug-PLpro interactions. By evaluating binding energy estimates from MD simulations, stable drug-PLpro complexes with potential antiviral properties are identified. However, it is emphasized that experimental validation is imperative to confirm these computational findings, necessitating in vitro and in vivo tests to assess safety and efficacy. This pivotal stage bridges the computational realm with real-world clinical applications. The review emphasizes the imperative need for enhancements in the existing PLpro-targeting drugs currently on the market. Their actions are insufficient for clinical use and necessitate thorough characterization and improvement. The Supervised Molecular Dynamics (SuMD) simulation technique reveals critical information about drug unbinding pathways, shedding light on opportunities for refinement. In addition to optimizing existing drugs, the investigation of sub-structurally similar molecules emerges as a promising avenue for drug development. In conclusion, the review underscores the pivotal role of targeting SARS-CoV-2 PLpro in the ongoing battle against COVID-19. By integrating molecular dynamics simulations, structural modeling, and computational insights, a robust foundation is established for identifying promising antiviral drug candidates. The continual need for improvement in existing drugs and the exploration of novel compounds remain paramount in the global effort to combat COVID-19. The evolution and management of COVID-19 hinge on the symbiotic relationship between computational insights and experimental validation, illustrating the interdisciplinary synergy crucial to this endeavor.
HIF-1α/MMP-9 Axis Is Required for the Early Phases of Skeletal Myoblast Differentiation under Normoxia Condition In Vitro
Authors: Chellini Flaminia , Tani Alessia , Parigi Martina , Palmieri Francesco , Garella Rachele , Zecchi-Orlandini Sandra , Squecco Roberta , Sassoli Chiara
Published: November 2023

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α represents the oxygen-sensitive subunit of HIF transcriptional factor, usually degraded in normoxia and stabilized in hypoxia to regulate several target gene expression. Nevertheless, in the skeletal muscle satellite stem cells (SCs), an oxygen level-independent regulation of HIF-1α has been observed. Although HIF-1α has been highlighted as SC function regulator, its spatio-temporal expression and role during myogenic progression remain controversial. We herein analyzed HIF-1α expression and localization in differentiating murine C2C12 myoblasts and SCs under normoxia and evaluated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 as a HIF-1α target, by biomolecular, biochemical, morphological and electrophysiological analyses. HIF-1α expression increased after 24/48 h of differentiating culture and tended to decline after 72 h/5 days. Committed and proliferating mononuclear myoblasts exhibited nuclear HIF-1α expression, differently from the more elongated and parallel-aligned cells, likely ready to fuse with each other, which show mainly a cytoplasmic localization of the factor. Multinucleated myotubes displayed both a nuclear and cytoplasmic HIF-1α expression. The MMP-9 and MyoD (myogenic activation marker) expression synchronized with that of HIF-1α, increasing after 24 h of differentiation. Short-interfering RNA silencing of HIF-1α and MMP-9 and MMP-9 pharmacological inhibition unraveled MMP-9 as HIF-1α downstream effector and HIF-1α/MMP-9 axis essential for the morpho-functional cell myogenic commitment.
Neuromyelitis Optica Mimicking Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Park Junghwan , Lee Dong Gyu
Published: November 2023

The differentiation between Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is necessary, because both diseases have similar symptoms, such as motor weakness and sensory disturbances. The challenge arises when NMOSD presents with short-segment spinal cord lesions, which can mimic the clinical presentation of CSM. This case report presents an NMOSD misdiagnosed as CSM. A 66-year-old woman presented with neck pain, left arm pain, and motor weakness. She was initially diagnosed with CSM based on MRI findings that revealed the increased signal intensity of the spinal cord at the C3 to 4 levels and underwent surgery. Three years later, she had sudden left upper extremity motor weakness and mild gait disturbance. Physical exam showed left-side weakness and altered reflexes, with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) findings on cervical MRI. The CSF study revealed a 2+ AQP4-Ab finding. Finally, NMO was diagnosed. Steroid pulsed therapy and immunosuppression therapy led to improved motor function and gait after 20 days. We present a case report of a NMO patient who initially exhibited clinical and radiological features CSM but was later diagnosed with NMO. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge in distinguishing NMO from CSM, especially in elderly patients who commonly experience spinal degeneration leading to cord compression and associated cord signal changes on MRI. The misinterpretation or confusion with transverse myelitis can occur as a result. This case highlights the importance of considering NMO as a potential differential diagnosis in elderly patients with spinal degeneration, emphasizing the significance of precise and timely diagnosis for guiding optimal treatment decisions.
Dietary Protein Source Affects the Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Host Performance in Nile Tilapia
Authors: Do Vale Pereira Gabriella , Teixeira Carla , Couto José , Dias Jorge , Rema Paulo , Gonçalves Ana Teresa
Published: November 2023

Dietary protein quality plays a key role in maintaining intestinal mucosal integrity, but also modulates the growth of luminal microorganisms. This work assessed the effect of dietary protein sources on the performance, gut morphology, and microbiome in Nile tilapia. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets comprising equivalent amounts of the protein supply derived from either PLANT, ANIMAL, INSECT, or MICROBIAL (bacterial biomass) sources were fed to triplicate groups of fish (IBW: 12 g) during 46 days. Fish fed ANIMAL and MICROBIAL diets showed significantly higher growth than those fed the PLANT and INSECT diets (P < 0.05). Relative abundance at the phylum level shows Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria as more abundant phyla in tilapia’s intestine, while Cetobacterium is the most representative genera in all treatments. Interesting patterns were observed in the correlation between amino acid intake and genus and species abundance. Metabolism prediction analysis showed that microbial amine and polyamine degradation pathways are modulated depending on diets. In conclusion, different protein sources interfere directly with the cross-talk of bacteria pathways and amino acid intake.
Effect of Microstructural Arrangement on Mechanical Behaviour of 3D Printed Polyamide
Authors: Hedjazi Lotfi , Belhabib Sofiane , Stephant Nicolas , Durand Sylvie , Guessasma Sofiane
Published: November 2023

This study aims at relating the microstructural arrangement, in particular the symmetry materialised by filament sequencing in fused filament fabrication process on mechanical behaviour of printed polyamide. Dogbone structures are printed using various printing temperatures, which are combined with part orientation and raster angle that represent the in-plane and out-of-plane symmetrical arrangement of filament. Mechanical testing is conducted on both as-received filaments and printed structures to derive the effect of filament arrangement symmetry and process-generated defects on mechanical loss. In addition, microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy is used to share more light on the filament arrangement and their consequence on deformation mechanisms with respect to the printing conditions. The results show that 3D printed polyamide-based material exhibit remarkable tensile performance with strain stiffening behaviour and large elongation at break thanks to particular filament layout. Among the considered printing conditions, the part orientation is found to have the largest influence on tensile behaviour, which modulates the behaviour from complete restoration of the filament performance to mechanical loss.
Effects of Gofio on the Rheological Properties of Aloe Vera Juice
Authors: Rubio-Hernández Francisco José , Rubio-Merino Julia , García-López Elvira
Published: November 2023

Considering nutritional qualities of gofio (Gf) and aloe vera juice (AVJ), their combination is indicated as an easy and fast source of ingest of basic bio elements. As the texture of the final product must be accepted by customers, the influence of Gf concentration on the rheological behavior of Gf/AVJ suspensions was determined. Shear thinning index of AVJ maintains unaltered despite the presence of Gf particles, although the viscosity value increases as expected. Linear viscoelastic studies on Gf/AVJ confirmed this is a viscoelastic liquid that changes from chewy to creamy texture with Gf concentration increase.
Phylogenetic Reconstructions Reveal the Co-circulation of Different Lineages of Dengue Virus 2 in the Northern Region of Brazil: Insights into the Persistence of the Asian-American Genotype and the Introduction of the Cosmopolitan Genotype
Authors: Amorim Murilo Tavares , Naveca Felipe Gomes , Hernández Leonardo Henrique Almeida , Da Paz Thito Yan Bezerra , De Oliveira Cintia Cryslaine da Silva , Santos Alessandra da Conceição Miranda , Queiroz Alice Louize Nunes , Wanzeller Ana Lucia Monteiro , Silva Eliana Vieira Pinto da , Silva Fábio Silva da , Silva Sandro Patroca da , Nunes Bruno Tardelli Diniz , Cruz Ana Cecília Ribeiro
Published: November 2023

Dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) is responsible for dengue epidemics on a global scale and is recognized for being associated with severe cases of the disease. This study conducted the phylogenetic investigation of DENV-2 in the Northern region of Brazil. DENV-2 isolates from 2017 to 2021, originating from Northern Brazilian states, were selected. Only one lineage (I) of the Asian-American genotype and one lineage (5) of the cosmopolitan genotype were observed. All sequences of the Asian-American genotype used in this study were segregated into a paraphyletic subgroup aligned with sequences from an American clade. These results indicate a probable geographic link starting from Puerto Rico. Additionally, sequences from Acre were identified and grouped into a monophyletic clade of the cosmopolitan genotype. These results indicate the cocirculation of two DENV-2 distinct lineages: Lineage 1, Asian-American genotype (probable origin from Puerto Rico); Lineage 5, cosmopolitan genotype (probable origin from Peru). Our results provide important data regarding the study of DENV genotypes and lineages distribution, as well as opening up possibilities for probable introduction and dissemination routes.
Rare Neurological Disorder Unveiled: CLIPPERS Disease - A Case Report
Authors: Shah Sahil , Gami Vismit , Desai Dev , Teraiya Tushar
Published: November 2023

CLIPPERS which stand for Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids, is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. The aetiology of CLIPPERS remains unclear, although its pathogenesis shows immune-mediated processes. The diagnosis of CLIPPERS is challenging without a specific biomarker hence, it is important to consider if both the clinical and radiological features are consistent with the diagnosis, or rather any other disease that mimics CLIPPERS. The Authors present a case of a 40-year-old Female patient diagnosed with CLIPPERS syndrome in India. Differential diagnosis, clinical and MRI characteristics of CLIPPERS syndrome, and treatment approaches are discussed.
Physiological Effects of Weighted-Vest in Trail Running Athletes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jiménez-Redondo Germán , Martínez-Noguera Francisco Javier , Alcaraz Pedro E. , Marín-Pagán Cristian
Published: November 2023

The need to carry different items, which become an extra load, is a characteristic of trail running. The aim of this study is to determine physiological-metabolic changes produced by running with extra load. Four male well-trained trail runners completed three treadmill maximal metabolic tests carrying different loads (0% (L0), 5% (L5), and 10% (L10) of their body mass) in a weighted vest. Gasses exchange was monitored to assess ventilatory thresholds 1 (VT1), and 2 (VT2), zone of maximal fat oxidation, and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Heart rate (HR), power and velocity (V) were tracked for comparing their behavior. A repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences in V (p<.001; ηp2= 0.910) as a limitation for reaching peak velocity (Vpeak) with L10 respect to L0 (p=0.001), and L5 (p=0.011). Power expression showed differences (p=0.068; ηp2= 0.592). It tended to be greater with L10 than L0 (p=0.057), despite achieving lower V. VT2 tended to occur at different %VO2peak (p=0.069; ηp2= 0.591). L5 VT2 was reached at higher %VO2peak than L0 (p=0.062), and L10 (p=0.071). ANOVA also showed a tendency to signification for V at this point (p= 0.098; ηp2= 0.538). In conclusion, L10 seems to limit Vpeak while L5 may delay VT2 expression.
Crude glycerin in feed for Colossoma macropomum fish: evaluation of histopathological effects on the liver and kidney
Authors: Santos Eduardo Libanio Reis , Moron Sandro Estevan
Published: November 2023

The present study aimed to verify whether the use of crude glycerin in the diet of juvenile Colossoma macropomum could promote histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys. 150 juveniles were used, divided into 15 tanks of 1000 liters (five treatments and three repetitions, n = 10). Five different diets with inclusion of crude glycerin (0%; 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%; 15%) were used in exchange for soybean oil and partial replacement of corn bran. The animals were fed to satiation for 60 days. After this period, liver and kidney samples from each group were submitted to histological processing and histopathological analysis. The semi-quantitative method was used to assess the lesions: calculation of Mean Alteration Values (MVA), which assess the occurrence of the lesion, and the Histopathological Alterations Index (HAI), which allows assessing the severity of the lesions. The results indicated significant non-harmful effects, but adaptive responses to the diet. In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 15% crude glycerin can be used without causing significant liver and kidney changes in C. macropomum juveniles.
Comparative footprint studies of single and multiday trawl fishing along Ratnagiri coast, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Singh Jaspreet , Sarma Kamal , Jaiswar A. K. , Mohite A. S. , AHIRWAL S. K. , Samanta R. , Shenoy Latha
Published: November 2023

Trawl fishing is widely recognised as the most productive and industrious fishing method in the world. Due to the importance of trawl fisheries along the Ratnagiri coast of Maharashtra, the present comparative study was undertaken on single and multiday trawl fishing in the region. In this study, monthly variations in fishing depth, catch per hour (CPH), discard per hour (DPH), spatio-temporal species distribution and spatial prediction of catch-discard of 136 trawl hauls were analysed. Single and multiday trawlers were operated from 15°53’24’’N to 18°00’36’’N latitude and 72°55’55’’E to 73°25’48’’E longitude within a depth range of 10 to 64 m in the Arabian Sea. For the multiday trawlers, maximum CPH of 68.30 kg h-1 was recorded in October 2015, while single day trawlers recorded CPH of 42.70 kg h-1 in November 2015. Average DPH for multiday and single day trawlers were recorded as 7.66 and 3.84 kg h-1 respectively. The study found that CPH and DPH were significantly (p<0.05) higher in multiday trawlers than single day trawlers. Based on spatial mapping, high fishing pressure was observed in the area south-west off Ratnagiri. Our results highlighted the need for suitable strategies for conservation and management of fisheries resources to achieve long-term sustainability in the region.
Keywords: Catch, Discard, Diversity, GIS mapping
Biology of the cleftbelly trevally Atropus atropos (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) from Ratnagiri coast of India
Authors: Akanksha V. Rakhunde  , Vivek H. Nirmale  , Ravindra A. Pawar  , Santosh Y. Metar  , Bhaskar P. Bhosale
Published: November 2023

The cleftbelly trevally Atropus atropos (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) is one of the important carangid species landed mostly as trawl bycatch along Ratnagiri coast. Investigations were carried out on A. atropos with respect to length-weight relationship, condition factor, morphometrics, feeding and reproductive biology. The length-weight relationship indicated negative allometric growth in A. atropos. Morphometric measurements showed significant correlation with total length. The gut content analysis revealed A. atropos to be a carnivore fish feeding mainly on Acetes spp., small teleostean fishes, cephalopods, and squilla. Sex ratio showed dominance of males. Gonadosomatic index and maturity studies indicated that A. atropos has a protracted spawning season extending from May to December. Length at sexual maturity for females was estimated to be 171 mm. Fecundity ranged from 16458 to 138688 eggs with an average of 70097 eggs. Ova diameter studies showed that A. atropos spawns twice in a protracted spawning season.
Keywords: By-catch, Carangidae, Carnivore, Reproductive biology, Spawning season
Analysis, development and implementation of adaptive algorithms for (flexible) traffic light regulations
Authors: Rutkovsky V. N. , Kapski D. V.
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes various adaptive control algorithms used in the intelligent system of the largest city – Minsk. An adaptive control algorithm has been developed depending on the dynamically changing load of a local intersection. On the example of one of the intersections, an example of the implementation of this algorithm is given. Recommendations are given for the further application of this algorithm on the street network.
LA CREATIVITÀ DELLE FOTOGRAFIE ON-LINE ALLA LUCE DELLA NUOVA DIRETTIVA 790/2019
Authors: Trerè Bianca
Published: November 2023

Il complesso normativo che regola la materia (essenzialmente le direttive n. 2019/790 sul diritto d’autore e sui diritti connessi nel mercato unico digitale e n. 2001/29 sull’armonizzazione di taluni aspetti del diritto d’autore e dei diritti connessi nella società dell’informazione) presenta confini labili e mutevoli, al punto che le autorità giudiziarie statali e comunitarie sono chiamate non solo a dirimere controversie, ma anche a fornirne l’interpretazione: una valutazione normativa aggravata dalla circostanza per cui i giudici sono chiamati a  pronunciarsi non solo sugli elementi giuridici quanto nell’ambito di una vera fase di “politica del diritto”. In un contesto del genere il vero elemento innovativo di cui deve tenere conto l’interprete è rappresentato da fattori umani, quali la  modifica della percezione del tempo e della realtà che creano una potenziale frattura fra ambito normativo e sociale.
MÉXICO ANTE EL ARBITRAJE DE INVERSIÓN CIADI, LA JUSTICIA ALTERNATIVA EN MATERIA DE INVERSIONES
Authors: Islas Colín Alfredo , Domínguez Vázquez Julio Alberto
Published: November 2023

La justicia alternativa es considerada en México como un derecho fundamentalde acceso a la justicia, por lo que los medios alternos de solución de conflictoshan adquirido fuerza en el contexto nacional. México ha firmado el ConvenioCIADI, el cual garantiza a los estados contratantes, la resolución de conflictosvía el arbitraje de inversiones. Este artículo estudia de manera los resultadosque México ha obtenido frente a los procedimientos arbitrales de inversión.
El derecho de oposición de los acreedores en la fusión de sociedades mercantiles
Authors: Bermúdez Madrigal Julio
Published: November 2023

Una fusión es el proceso a través del cual dos o más sociedades mercantiles inscritas se integran en una única sociedad, pudiendo existir ya o a través de la creación de una nueva. Esto se hace a través de la transmisión a título universal a la nueva sociedad, o a la sociedad adquirente, de ambos patrimonios atribuyendo a los socios de las antiguas sociedades las acciones, participaciones o cuotas de la sociedad resultante (ex. art. 22 LME). El procedimiento y los requisitos necesarios para llevar a cabo una fusión vienen previstos en nuestro Ordenamiento en la LME. Aun siendo éstos muy numerosos y de gran importancia, en el presente artículo nos centraremos en el derecho que ostentan los acreedores de cada una de las sociedades que se fusionan a oponerse al proceso en un plazo determinado, ya que en muchos casos la tutela de éstos puede impedir la formalización de la fusión, por lo que es un aspecto muy a tener en cuenta.
Una tregua para la administración concursal
Authors: González Navarro Blas. A
Published: November 2023

Es cierto que el Derecho sigue a la vida, que la realidad precede a la norma; pero también ocurre en ocasiones que, al contemplar los fenómenos que precisan de regulación, el legislador recibe empellones, presiones para regular y para hacerlo de determinada manera, de modo que, llevado por esa corriente parece que irresistible, no examina la realidad de forma sosegada y ponderada, sino prácticamente de reojo. Las recientes modificaciones introducidas en la Ley Concursal (LC) en lo que hace al estatuto de la administración concursal española son un buen ejemplo: con una justificación cierta y objetiva, como era la de abordar aspectos claramente mejorables del sistema de nombramiento o retribución de los administradores concursales, se ha acabado por construir un sistema de tal agresividad hacia este tipo de profesionales que, sin duda, favorecerá su huida de los concursos, produciendo el indeseado efecto de expulsión de los mejores.
20 años de Autocontrol de la publicidad en España
Authors: Fernández Carballo-Calero Pablo
Published: November 2023

El término “autorregulación” hace referencia a la capacidad que poseen los sujetos privados para crear un conjunto de normas de naturaleza vinculante a las cuales deciden someterse en el ejercicio de su actividad. Junto a la citada acepción, que incide en el proceso autónomo de creación normativa, se han utilizado otras fórmulas que ponen a su vez el acento en la capacidad de control sobre la aplicación de las normas por los propios sujetos implicados en su elaboración. Desde esta perspectiva, el vocablo se utiliza como sinónimo de autocontrol o autodisciplina.
La configuración de las sociedades laborales como entidades de economía social. Novedades de la Ley 44/2015, de 14 de octubre, de Sociedades Laborales y Participadas
Authors: Verdú Cañete Mª José
Published: November 2023

En cumplimiento del mandato constitu-cional dirigido a los poderes públicos relativo al establecimiento de “medios que faciliten el ac-ceso de los trabajadores a la propiedad de los medios de producción” (art. 129.2), surge en nuestro Ordenamiento la figura de las “socie-dades laborales”, cuya regulación aborda por vez primera la Ley 15/1986, de 25 de abril, de Sociedades Anónimas Laborales.
Propuestas superadoras para la prevención de la insolvencia del consumidor en el Derecho Concursal Argentino
Authors: Suozzi Leonel Alejandro
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The Argentine bankruptcy law requires specific regulations for the special case of insolvency of consumers and users of goods and services. Not only proper bankruptcy procedure is needed to allow the debtor to discharge his obligations to foster the economic development but also the possibility of negli-125gence or bad-faith in his actions, which should be regulated by an appropriate period of rehabilitation.Notwithstanding these (missing) fundamental pillars for successful consumer insolvency regime, it is es-sential to develop a third pillar: Prevention.Preventing the insolvency of consumers with heterogeneous knowledge base and personal circumstances encourages interdisciplinary regulation that takes into account, on the one hand, education from the initial levels. On the other hand, a specific regulatory framework to avoid misleading advertising and the correla-tive regime of sanctions for entities that violate it. Finally, it will be necessary to modify the bankruptcy or-der to contemplate this special type of debtor for the purposes of a voluntary reorganization or eventual bankruptcy, pillar that will be part of following contributions on the subject.So as to meet the objectives comparative analysis of legal systems that have managed to incorporate the required modifications will be useful. Thus, this work fits into the research stay at the end of 2014 in Elche, Alicante, allowing comparison and obtaining necessary guiding principles from the Spanish law.Keywords: consumer, over indebtedness, preventing insolvency, bankruptcy law, bankruptcy.
El procedimiento de subasta privada en el contexto de una adquisición de empresa
Authors: Serrano Acitores Antonio
Published: November 2023

En el contexto de una adquisición de em-presas, la compra de la sociedad objetivo (en ade-lante, la “Sociedad Target”) supondrá generalmen-te un proceso lleno de complejidad tanto documen-tal como técnica.En este sentido, más allá de la libertad de pactos concedida por el art. 1255 del CC, no existe un marco normativo que regule el proceso de ad-quisición de una empresa.
Sukuk: los llamados ‘bonos islámicos’
Authors: Martín Baumeister Bruno
Published: November 2023

La industria financiera islámica ha expe-rimentado un crecimiento notable en las últi-mas décadas, impulsada por la creciente acu-mulación de riqueza de los países islámicos exportadores de petróleo y por el fuerte au-mento de la población musulmana, dentro y fuera del mundo islámico, que busca oportuni-dades y productos de inversión acordes con sus creencias religiosas. En los últimos treinta años la industria financiera islámica ha pasado de ser un nicho marginal a representar una práctica bancaria cada vez más implantada en países de África, Oriente Medio, el Sudeste Asiático y –en menor medida– Europa y Nor-teamérica y que encuentra cada vez mayor aceptación entre inversores, bancos interna-cionales y despachos de abogados.
Evolución del tratamiento del buen gobierno corporativo de las sociedades anónimas en el Derecho español
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Guillermo Jesús
Published: November 2023

En el curso de la evolución de la normativa de las sociedades anónimas en España, desde el siglo XIX hasta nuestros días cabe singularizar las siguientes etapas o fases en la configuración de los que, en amplios términos, podrían considerarse rasgos esenciales de la disciplina del gobierno corporativo de estas entidades
La inoponibilidad de la persona jurídica en el Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación Argentina
Authors: Gerbaudo Germán E
Published: November 2023

La constitución de una persona jurídica persigue como finalidad la creación de un sujeto de derecho distinto de las personas que la componen, con diferente patrimonio y distinta personalidad. En consecuencia, se produce una separación entre la personalidad del ente y las personas que lo componen. Se observa la existencia de dos patrimonios diferenciados, el de la persona jurídica y el de sus miembros. Por lo tanto, la persona jurídica exhibe un patrimonio como atributo de la persona y los terceros que contratan con aquella no lo hacen con sus integrantes sino derechamente con el ente.
El Anteproyecto de Código Mercantil en sus previsiones sobre las cartas de patrocinio
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos
Published: November 2023

Todo el mundo sabe lo que son las “cartas de patrocinio”: y nadie sabe lo que son. No se nos ocurre mejor fórmula para expresar una realidad ciertamente desconcertante. El caso es especialmente comprometido porque la relevancia práctica de tal desconcierto es muy significativa y con efectos que van más allá de nuestras fronteras. Dos nuevas resoluciones han despertado el interés por la cuestión pretérita (STS de 28 de julio de 2015, RJ\2015\4899 y STS de 26 de diciembre de 2014, RJ\2014\6828).
El deber de lealtad de los administradores sociales en caso de grupos de sociedades: STS, Sala Primera, de 11 de diciembre de 2015
Authors: Cohen Benchetrit Amanda
Published: November 2023

El artículo 227 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital (en adelante, TRLSC), dentro del Capítulo III (“De los deberes de los administradores”), del Título VI (“La administración de la sociedad”) recoge, a modo de cláusula general, el deber de lealtad de los administradores sociales, disponiendo que “1. Los administradores deberán desempeñar el cargo con la lealtad de un fiel representante, obrando de buena fe y en el mejor interés de la sociedad.”. En el apartado 2 señala las consecuencias que se asocian a la infracción del deber de lealtad que “determinará no sólo la obligación de indemnizar el daño causado al patrimonio social, sino también la de devolver a la sociedad el enriquecimiento injusto obtenido por el administrador”.
La nueva doctrina jurisprudencial sobre el impago de la prima en el seguro obligatorio de automóviles
Authors: Ortiz del Valle Mª del Carmen
Published: November 2023

La regulación del impago de la prima en el contrato de seguro ha sido una cuestión controvertida en distintos particulares. La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo(Sala de lo Civil, sección 1ª), núm.267/2015, de 10 de septiembre de 2015, ha terciado en el debate a propósito del impago de la prima en el ámbito del seguro obligatorio de automóviles.
La aportación judicial a la construcción del derecho de los grupos de sociedades
Authors: Embid Irujo José Miguel
Published: November 2023

Han pasado ya muchos años desde que el grupo de sociedades abandonó la nebulosa jurídica en la que le situaba su singularidad como forma de empresa, la complejidad de su regulación en otros ordenamientos (como el Derecho alemán) y, por qué no decirlo, la escasa atención que, por lo general, le dispensaban los juristas españoles, además de su tradicional irrelevancia en el Derecho positivo de nuestro país.
Deber de asistencia a Juntas de administradores sociales y validez de acuerdos sociales
Authors: Cazorla González-Serrano Luis
Published: November 2023

La Ley de Sociedades de Capital, introdujo como novedad la atribución a los administradores sociales de un deber de asistencia a las Juntas de la sociedad (artículo 180), pero sin anudar a dicho deber la correlativa “sanción” en caso de incumplimiento.
La derivación de responsabilidad en la venta de unidades productivas en sede concursal
Authors: Armijo Pliego Ana
Published: November 2023

Mucho se ha escrito en relación con la sucesión empresarial a efectos laborales y de la Seguridad Social en la venta de unidades productivas en sede concursal, problemática –que lejos de estar resuelta– sigue generando, en la actualidad, numerosas controversias, lo que aboca a una gran inseguridad jurídica y, en fin, a la ineficacia de un mecanismo que pretendía fomentar la viabilidad de empresas más allá de la liquidación. La intención de este artícul es ofrecer un resumen de las posturas mantenidas por nuestros tribunales y esbozar el estado de la cuestión.
Los periodos limitados en la nueva normativa de abuso de mercado
Authors: Enrique García Lázaro
Published: November 2023

La entrada en vigor, el 3 de julio del pasado año, del Reglamento Europeo de Abuso de Mercado (Reglamento n° 596/2014 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 16 de abril de 2014, sobre el abuso de mercado; en adelante, por sus siglas en inglés, “MAR”) trajo consigo la imposición de nuevas obligaciones a las sociedades cotizadas en materia de prevención del abuso de mercado.
Hurtos en establecimientos comerciales: la valoración de las mercancías a efectos penales
Authors: García Mosquera Marta
Published: November 2023

La sustracción de objetos en establecimientos comerciales constituye una manifestación preocupante para el sector que se inserta, desde la óptica jurídico-penal, en lo que se conoce como delincuencia patrimonial leve.
La doctrina del Tribunal Supremo sobre la anulabilidad de la compraventa de vivienda futura por vicio en el consentimiento con ocultación de irregularidades urbanísticas. Delimitación del riesgo cubierto por las garantías previstas en la legislación sobre cantidades anticipadas
Authors: Ortiz del Valle Mª del Carmen
Published: November 2023

Resulta práctica habitual en nuestros días que el acceso a la propiedad de una vivienda se produzca a través de las ventas sobre plano. El legislador estatal aprobó la Ley 57/1968, de 27 de julio, sobre percibo de cantidades anticipadas en la construcción y venta de viviendas. Dicha Ley ha sido derogada tras la entrada en vigor de la Ley 20/2015, de 14 de julio, de Ordenación, Supervisión y Solvencia de las Entidades Aseguradoras y Reaseguradoras (LOSSEAR) que da nuevo contenido a la Disposición Adicional 1ª de la Ley 38/1999, de 5 de noviembre, de Ordenación de la Edificación. Bajo la rúbrica “Percepción de cantidades a cuenta del precio durante la construcción”, la DA 1ª LOE pretende actualizar el régimen de las cantidades adelantadas en la compraventa de viviendas. No obstante, y a pesar de ser más completo, este nuevo régimen en muy poco mejora al anterior planteando similares dudas e incertidumbres. Particular interés adquiere la extensión y el concepto del riesgo cubierto por la garantía.
Análisis del administrador social: teoría del vínculo y relación con la sociedad
Authors: Bonmatí Sánchez José
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo trata de analizar las implicaciones jurídicas de los administradores sociales y del consejero delegado, en cuanto a su relación laboral o mercantil debido a la aplicación de la “teoría del vínculo”, y a la retribución de los consejeros delegados debido a la reforma de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital.
Límites legales a los proyectos de crowdfunding financiero*
Authors: Verdú Cañete Mª José
Published: November 2023

La Ley 5/2015, de 27 de abril de fomento de la financiación empresarial, dedica el Título V al “Régimen de jurídico de las plataformas de financiación participativa” y, dentro de este título, el Capítulo IV se refiere a los “promotores y proyectos” (arts. 66 y 80), estableciéndose los requisitos y las limitaciones a las que han de someterse. El problema de los límites legales a los proyectos de crowfunding finaciero es un aspecto crucial en esta materia.
SOLICITUD DE REGISTRO DE MARCA. PRÁCTICAS DESLEALES Y MALA FE
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos
Published: November 2023

La STJCE de 11 de junio de 2009, asunto Lindt, no vincula necesariamente la mala fe del solicitante de la marca a la utilización por un tercero de un signo idéntico o similar para un producto o servicio idéntico o similar que pudiera dar lugar a confusión con el signo cuyo registro se solicita. Tal posicionamiento, así entendido, supondría una interpretación restrictiva de la mala fe en la solicitud del registro de marca que ahora el TJUE ha rechazado explícitamente. El binomio representado por la STJUE de 12 de septiembre de 2019 (asunto c-104/18 P) y la STJUE de 29 enero de 2020 (asunto c-371/2018) aproximan la delimitación del concepto de la mala fe en la solicitud de marca, a nuestro juicio, a una concepción más vinculada a la funcionalidad de la marca y a la garantía de una leal participación en el proceso competitivo (suponga o no ese registro una colisión directa con un signo de un tercero). Pero la interpretación no rígida (no restrictiva) de la mala fe que sugiere el TJUE, y aunque no debiese ser así, corre el riesgo de alterar las reglas de una competencia leal en su aplicación al caso concreto.
Digital divide and bilateral trade in Africa
Authors: MIGNAMISSI DIEUDONNE , Bio Issa
Published: November 2023

This paper contributes to the literature on the discussed effects of digitization on bilateral trade in African countries over the period 1995-2021. We proceed in two steps. In the first, we calculate, following an absolute and bilateral approach, original digital divide indicators relating to fixed phone, cell phone, internet and broadband. In a second step, we link the calculated indicators to measures of bilateral trade (bilateral exports, bilateral imports and total bilateral trade). Given the characteristics of the data, we apply the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator. Subsequently, we deepen the empirical investigations by disaggregating the effect of the digital divide on bilateral exports and imports, estimating the effect of the bilateral digital divide (including the sign of the gap) on bilateral trade, further controlling for omission bias despite accounting for multilateral resistances, using several estimators competing with PPML, further controlling for fixed effects and multilateral resistances with Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood Regression with High Dimensional Fixed Effects, controlling for endogeneity with IV-Poisson regression, then by addressing the issue of uncertainty in the model using several Bayesian techniques. Taken together, these techniques led us to the key finding that the digital divide is a limiting factor for bilateral trade in Africa. In other words, the distance of countries from complete digital coverage or digital inequalities between countries, is an obstacle to bilateral trade in Africa. This is due to high transaction costs, complex and cumbersome administrative and commercial procedures between countries, and poor digital and physical connectivity between countries, among other things. These different situations tend to lengthen the distance between countries, reinforcing the border effect, all of which contribute to reducing the intensity of trade between countries. The various sensitivity and robustness tests corroborate this main result.
Predictive models for live birth outcomes of FET: Improving clinical decision-making based on machine learning analysis
Authors: Hu Xinyue , Wang Xuejiao , Xia Mingjing , Ding Yubin , Li Tian , Zhong Zhaohui , Wang Mao , Zhong Hucen , Wan Qi , Tang Xiaojun
Published: November 2023

Purpose: This study used multiple machine learning algorithms to predict live births from frozen embryo transfers (FET) based on patient demographics, laboratory test results, and parameters associated with the FET cycle.
Methods: Data from 33,915 cycles of frozen-thaw embryo transfer performed at Chengdu Xinan Gynecological Hospital between January 2015 and December 2021 were used. The dataset was randomly divided into a training set (70%) and a test set (30%). Features were ranked for importance based on the random forest model, and features with the top 25 contribution values were used to develop logistic regression models, random forest models, support vector machine models, and XGBoost models. Shapley was used to interpret the results of the best-performing models. Receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) under area and calibration curves were to be assessed for the performance of machine learning prediction models.
Results: Ranking the importance of features based on the stable random forest algorithm showed that the most predictive features included AMH, Basal PRL, Basal T, Basal FSH, etc. The XGBoost model had the highest AUC (0.750, 95% CI 0.746-0.755). The XGBoost-based SHAP summary plot indicated that patients with lower age, shorter years of infertility, and D5 embryo type for transfer had a greater likelihood of live birth outcome after freeze-thaw embryo transfer.
Conclusion: The XGBoost model performed best in predicting the outcome of freeze-thaw embryo transfer. The algorithm combined with the interpretability of SHAP summary plot can assist clinicians in the decision-making process of freeze-thaw embryo transfer.
Efficacy of the Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay + Forest Bathing intervention in improving cognitive function and metabolic health: A single-blind, pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Law Pui Sze Queenie , Yau K K Katherine , Kwan Yiu Cho Rick
Published: November 2023

Objectives
We hypothesised that the Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is effective in maintaining/enhancing cognitive function in people of Chinese ethnicity, while forest bathing (FB) can enhance the effect of the MIND diet. The objectives of this study were to examine 1) the preliminary effects of the MIND and FB interventions on the cognitive function and metabolic health of community-dwelling older adults and 2) adherence to the interventions in this population.
Design
A three-armed pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted.
Setting and Participants
We recruited community-dwelling older adults with hypertension.
Intervention
Participants were randomly allocated to three groups at a 1:1:1 ratio: 1) MIND+FB, 2) MIND diet, and 3) control group. Both the MIND+FB and MIND diet interventions lasted 12 weeks.
Measurements
The outcome measure were cognitive function, measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and metabolic risk factors (i.e. waist circumference and fasting blood glucose) at baseline (T0), at 1 week after the completion of the intervention (T1) and at 1 week after the 3-month intervention (T2). The Friedman test was used to examine the within-group effects over the three time points in the three groups separately.
Results
Thestudy recruited 48 participants, with a median age of 76 ± 16 years and a median MoCA score of 20 ± 8. Cognitive function improved significantly overtime in the MIND+FB group (w = 0.619, p < 0.001) and the MIND diet group (w = 0.293, p = 0.009), but not in the control group. Metabolic risk factors (i.e. waist circumference and fasting blood glucose) improved significantly in the MIND+FB group from T0 to T2. The MIND dietary pattern was significantly improved in the MIND+FB group from T0 to T1. The BMI was significantly reduced from T0 to T1 in the MIND diet group. No significant between-group differences were observed in the total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and systolic blood pressure.
Conclusion
The MIND+FB intervention and the MIND diet promoted cognitive function and reduced some metabolic risk factors in community-dwelling older adults. These interventions have the potential to be applied in the community to prevent cognitive decline in older adults.
Using of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle and Vinegar as a Substitute of Insecticides on Vicia faba Plant
Authors: Khudhur Nashmeel Saeed , Saeed Sakar Abdulqadr , Qadr Halala Rahman , Karim Ayoub Sabir
Published: November 2023

The current research study includes a process of green safety method for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Musa paradisiaca L. leaf plant extract as an efficient chelating and capping agent for ZnO NPs from Zinc acetate dihydrate salt, and use with vinegar as a substitute of Carbaryl insecticide on Vicia faba plant. UV-Vis and FTIR studies of Musa paradisiaca L. leaf extract and ZnO NPs demonstrated that this plant is an excellent candidate for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs. From using various characterization techniques of XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis. spectroscopy and TEM, the structure, morphology, chemical composition and crystallinity of ZnO NPs were investigated. The XRD pattern spectrum and TEM, and FTIR confirmed the pure crystallinity and the spherical-shape of the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NP structure with an average size 47 nm and with the measurement results of ZnO NPs band gap was around 4.52 eV. Seven treatments each with three replications were sprayed by the leaves including: 100 ppm ZnO NPs, 200 ppm ZnO NPs, 1% vinegar, 10% vinegar, recommended dose (1X) of Carbaryl, double dose (2X) of Carbaryl and a control (without any treatment). Following Carbaryl (2X) spraying, 100 ppm of ZnO NPs has shown the greatest effects on death rate and corrected mortality rate (Mc %) of Aphis fabae by values of 87.5% and 5.15% respectively. Moreover, 200 ppm ZnO NPs increased soil TDS and EC to 270.65 ± 0.029 ppm and 189.49 ± 0.003 µS.cm− 1 respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs and vinegar are good and natural substitutes of chemical pesticides.
Performance trend of the family physician referral system before and after the Covid-19 pandemic: A study in northern Iran
Authors: Soltani Seyed-Amir , Fallah Mehrdad , Marvi Aboalfazl , Naderi Malihe , Abedini Ehsan , Jahani Mohammad-Ali , Mahmoudi Ghahraman
Published: November 2023

Background: Considering the challenges of the referral system in the family physician program and the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of the relevant ministry's programs, it is necessary to assess the performance of the referral system. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the performance of the family physician referral system before and after Covid-19 in Golestan province.
Objective: The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted on secondary data (including information on physicians' and midwives' visits, percentage of prescriptions and other information) in Golestan province from 2017 to 2022 in a census and retrospective manner. Data were collected using the reference ratio checklist and analyzed with SPSS 23 software at a significance level of less than 0.05.
Results: The highest and lowest percentages of referrals by family physicians were belonged to the surgical and infectious specialists before Covid-19, and internal medicine and urology specialists after Covid-19, respectively. Referral due to physician's diagnosis and target group increased compared to before Covid-19 and care and reverse referral decreased compared to before Covid-19. The amount of changes in the population covered by rural insurance, the amount of referrals to midwives, the percentage of electronic appointments after Covid-19 were significant compared to before it (P-Value<0.05).
Conclusion: The present study showed that the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on family physician referral indicators, such as the process of referral to specialists, drug prescriptions, insurance coverage, one-time service population, and patient care.