bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanotechnology in veterinary medicine: a review
Authors: Ianiski Lara Baccarin , Rodrigues Fernando de Souza , Stibbe Paula Cristina , Weiblen Carla , Pereira Daniela Isabel Brayer , Santurio Janio Morais , Silva Cristiane de Bona da , Sangioni Luis Antônio , Vogel Fernanda Silveira Flores , Costa Mateus Matiuzzi da , Dutra Valéria , Nakazato Luciano , Botton Sônia de Avila
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this review was to address the applicability of nanotechnology in veterinary medicine, with an emphasis on research in Brazil from 2013 to 2020. Firstly, we introduced to the general aspects of applicability of nanotechnology in veterinary medicine, and lately we pointed the research involving nanoscience performed in Brazil, in the studied period. Nanotechnology is the field of science that has the capacity to organize matter in nanoscale structures (1 to 100 nm), enabling innovations in different areas including biotechnology, agriculture, disease diagnosis, food and clothing industry, electronics, and pharmacological therapies. In veterinary medicine, several studies are being carried out in the world, mainly in the areas that involve search of new treatment options and the development of immunotherapy, as well as in the diagnosis of diseases. In Brazil, it is clear that the use of nanotechnology in veterinary medicine is still incipient, but it can be considered a growing area. In addition, several points have to be reflected and researched, including some adverse effects and implications to validate the safe use of nanotechnology in veterinary medicine. Therefore, this review highlighted the nanotechnology as a promise alternative in the current context of Brazilian technological innovation involving animal health, as well as a possible diagnostic tool and highlighting its potential therapeutic use in disease control in veterinary medicine. Regarding future perspectives, we believed that greater investment in science and technology could contribute to the advancement and strengthening of nanotechnology in Brazil.
The role of purslane in modulating diverse effects of high fat diet on biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters of rats’ liver
Authors: Mousa A. M. , Taha M. E. , ELdeighdye SH. M. , Kamal A. M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract Consuming a high-fat diet causes a harmful accumulation of fat in the liver, which may not reverse even after switching to a healthier diet. Different reports dealt with the role of purslane as an extract against high-fat diet; meanwhile, it was necessary to study the potential role of fresh purslane as a hypolipidemic agent. This study is supposed to investigate further the potential mechanism in the hypolipidemic effect of fresh purslane, by measuring cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr). Rats were divided into two main groups: the first one is the normal control group (n=7 rats) and the second group (n=28 rats) received a high fat diet for 28 weeks to induce obesity. Then the high fat diet group was divided into equal four subgroups. As, the positive control group still fed on a high fat diet only. Meanwhile, the other three groups were received high-fat diet supplemented with a different percent of fresh purslane (25, 50 and 75%) respectively. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed and samples were collected for molecular, biochemical, and histological studies. Current study reported that, supplementation of fresh purslane especially at a concentration of 75% play an important role against harmful effects of high-fat diet at both cellular and organ level, by increasing CYP7A1 as well as Ldlr mRNA expression. Also, there were an improvement on the tested liver functions, thyroid hormones, and lipid profile. Fresh purslane plays the potential role as a hypolipidemic agent via modulation of both Ldlr and Cyp7A, which will point to use fresh purslane against harmful effects of obesity.
Qualidade do sono dos estudantes de medicina de uma faculdade do sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: Medeiros Glenia Junqueira Machado , Roma Pedro Fernandes , Matos Pedro Henrique Meirelles Ferreira Pinheiro de
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O sono é um estado fisiológico que se dá de forma cíclica em grande quantidade de seres vivos do reino animal, tendo sido analisados comportamentos de repouso e atividade, que compõem um ciclo vigília-sono. Na universidade, os acadêmicos de Medicina se deparam com falta de tempo e com exaustão, visto que o curso possui carga horária integral, fato que faz com que os graduandos deixem as atividades básicas cada vez mais para o final do dia, o que os leva a desenvolver distúrbios do sono. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade de sono e a incidência de distúrbio de sono em estudantes de Medicina. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada individualmente com os estudantes de Medicina de uma faculdade do sul de Minas Gerais, via plataforma Google Forms, em que eles responderam a dois questionários autoaplicáveis. O primeiro englobava perguntas sobre gênero e ano de graduação, e o segundo, denominado Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh, avaliou a qualidade de sono. Foram utilizados os programas Bioestat 5 e Excel 365 para a análise estatística. Resultado: A análise do estudo demonstrou distúrbio de sono em 20,5% dos estudantes e qualidade subjetiva de sono ruim ou muito ruim em 40,2% dos discentes. Conclusão: Por meio da presente pesquisa, observou-se que a qualidade de sono dos estudantes de Medicina é inferior à da população geral, estando diretamente relacionada à progressão do curso. Foi concluído que os estudantes deste estudo têm, além disso, em média, menos horas de sono que o restante dos brasileiros.
Negociações (im)possíveis: a preceptoria e os desafios na relação entre ensino e serviço
Authors: Borges Flávia Queiroz , Hasse Mariana , Silva Janaína Paula Costa da , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa , Teixeira Flávia do Bonsucesso
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) foi criado em 1954. Em 2011, ocorreu a inclusão dos estágios supervisionados em medicina geral e comunitária I e II no internato, que inseriu os estudantes na rede de serviços da atenção básica do município, processo marcado por conflitos e limitações. Visando solucionar os impasses criados, a UFTM contratou, por meio de concurso público, preceptores de medicina de família e comunidade para atuar na rede municipal. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o arranjo institucional proposto para otimizar a relação ensino-serviço nos estágios supervisionados da área de medicina de família e comunidade, a partir da percepção de docentes e preceptores do Departamento de Saúde Coletiva que atuam na atenção primária. Método: Trata-se de estudo de caso apoiado em pesquisa documental e entrevistas realizadas com três docentes e três preceptores do curso de Medicina de uma instituição pública. Resultado: A análise temática revelou três núcleos que foram agrupados nas categorias “contexto difícil”, “desencontro de expectativas” e “fios soltos”. O “contexto difícil” exigia a negociação e o deslocamento de poder entre as instituições e seus agentes. A (con)fusão entre os papéis de docente e preceptor produziu “desencontro de expectativas”. Em “fios soltos”, a lacuna entre a universidade e a rede municipal parece intransponível e reiterada a partir do concurso. Conclusão: A realização do concurso e a contratação de preceptores não foram suficientes para superar os desafios da articulação entre a universidade e a rede municipal de saúde. A pesquisa demonstra que não existe caminho simples para a integração ensino-serviço e que a interdependência dos atores aponta para o desafio e a necessidade da construção de agendas e espaços de decisão coletivos.
Desenvolvimento de competência moral na formação médica
Authors: Gontijo Eliane Dias
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Introdução: A prática da medicina requer competência moral, além de competências técnicas. Na formação médica, os docentes são corresponsáveis por apresentar os valores intrínsecos aos direitos humanos e mediar o desenvolvimento de atitudes, motivação e práticas, além de servirem como modelos aos jovens aprendizes. Desenvolvimento: Educar em valores não significa que os professores podem escolher aqueles a serem seguidos pelos alunos. A competência moral compreendida como a capacidade de julgar e tomar decisões segundo princípios internos é uma habilidade, mais do que uma simples atitude, que pode e deve ser construída ao longo da vida. Assim, a educação/formação moral deve ser entendida como um processo que conduz o sujeito à reflexão sobre situações cotidianas, envolvendo dilemas morais. O futuro profissional tem a oportunidade de se sensibilizar para considerar a singularidade de cada situação diante de decisões e avaliações, bem como se responsabilizar pelas escolhas feitas e pelas suas consequências. Para o desenvolvimento da competência moral nos processos formativos, os professores devem ampliar, para além da transmissão de informações, a reflexão sobre o compromisso social e ético e buscar a formação de cidadãos autônomos, críticos e participativos. Acreditar que apenas o exemplo do professor é capaz de promover o desenvolvimento moral restringe a questão aos seus aspectos afetivos, pois, assim, não se vislumbram os aspectos cognitivos da formação moral e o pensamento crítico para o favorecimento da abordagem e condução de conflitos morais ao longo da vida acadêmica e profissional. Conclusão: Os valores morais necessitam deixar de serem impostos por agentes externos e converterem-se em diretrizes internas, legitimadas pela própria pessoa e, portanto, desenvolvidas por meio de uma reflexão crítica, responsável, autônoma e criativa de cada sujeito. Mais do que aprender teorias ou discutir os grandes filósofos, os alunos devem ser capazes de despertar em si mesmos sentimentos e atitudes que os levem a valorizar convicções humanistas e humanitárias, e adotar comportamentos justos e empáticos como elementos essenciais da boa prática médica, de modo que se tornem moralmente competentes.
Experiência no ensino de patologia em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Pereira Fabiana Toledo Bueno , Bernardi Fabiola Del Carlo , Pozzan Geanete
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Introdução: A patologia é uma disciplina básica que exerce o link entre ciclos básicos e clínico-cirúrgicos. A partir do início de 2020, com a pandemia provocada pela síndrome respiratória aguda grave do coronavírus 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 - Sars-CoV-2) e a implantação do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE), o curso de patologia em nossa instituição sofreu alterações e adaptações. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos relatar as atividades desenvolvidas em nossa faculdade para o ensino da patologia geral, dentro do contexto do ERE, e discutir como parte dessas estratégias poderá ser incorporada após o término da pandemia. Relato de experiência: Para o ensino das alterações macroscópicas, utilizamos discussões com peças cirúrgicas filmadas, enquanto as alterações microscópicas foram desenvolvidas no chamado “Projeto Atlas”. Discussão: Nosso projeto foi bem dinâmico com grande aceitação por parte dos alunos que tiveram atitudes mais proativas, principalmente em relação ao estudo dos casos de microscopia. As estratégias também se prestaram muito bem como forma de avaliação formativa. Conclusão: Muitas das estratégias que têm sido desenvolvidas por diferentes grupos de professores neste momento da pandemia trouxeram alternativas muito interessantes que devem ser incorporadas ao curso mesmo quando ele voltar a ser presencial. Peças filmadas contemplaram o estudo da macroscopia durante esse período de restrições e podem ser incorporadas à rotina presencial, intercalando com as técnicas utilizadas anteriormente. Já o “Projeto Atlas” foi uma experiência positiva, ressaltando o papel do aluno como protagonista do seu processo de ensino/aprendizagem e o trabalho em pequenos grupos como pontos principais.
CULTURA PROFISSIONAL DOS PROFESSORES: DA TEORIA DE ANDY HARGREAVES À REALIDADE VIVENCIADA NA ESCOLA
Authors: Semião Daniela , Tinoca Luís , Pinho Ana Sofia
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por base a teoria de Hargreaves (1998) sobre as diferentes culturas profissionais dos professores e pretende apresentar evidências sobre a forma como o trabalho colaborativo é percecionado nas escolas, bem como sobre práticas que lhe estão associadas, permitindo refletir sobre a cultura profissional predominante entre os docentes. A modalidade utilizada foi o estudo de caso, inserida numa metodologia qualitativa, privilegiando-se a dimensão interpretativa dos participantes sobre a realidade vivenciada/percecionada. Os dados foram recolhidos no ano letivo de 2018/2019, por meio de análise documental e entrevista a seis professores do Ensino Fundamental que lecionam numa instituição de ensino particular em Lisboa, Portugal. Os resultados levam-nos a concluir que o trabalho entre pares se reveste de formas de colaboração a um nível superficial, e acontece maioritariamente entre docentes do mesmo departamento. Embora também tenham sido identificadas práticas de colaboração, os resultados indiciam predominar uma cultura, essencialmente, “balcanizada”.
Two new species of oribatid mites of the genus Xenillus (Acari, Oribatida, Liacaridae) from Bolivia
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Starý Josef
Published: November 2021

Two new species of oribatid mites of the genus Xenillus (Oribatida, Liacaridae) are described from leaf litter in a rain forest in Bolivia. Xenillus pseudobolivianus sp. n. is similar to X. bolivianus and X. neonominatus in the morphology of lamellar cusp, length of bothridial and interlamellar setae and length and morphology of dorsal notogastral setae, but differs from both by the morphology of bothridial head and interlamellar and notogastral setae, the ornamentation of the notogaster, and the different length of some notogastral setae. Xenillus amboroensis sp. n. is similar to X. amazonensis, X. disjunctus, X. diversisetosus, X. fecundus, X. longipes, and X. ornatus in the morphology of bothridial seta, but differs from all by the morphology of lamellar cusp, the placement of the lamellar seta, and the different length of some notogastral setae.
Argümanlaştırma (Argümantasyon) ve Argümanlaştırmanın İslam Bilimlerinde Kullanımı
Authors: Özel Elif
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada önce çağdaş dönemde argüman ile argümantasyonun ne olduğunu tanımlıyoruz. Bundan sonra da İslami bilimlerden çeşitli örnekler vererek çağdaş dönemdeki argüman ile argümantasyon teorilerinin İslam bilimlerinde kullanılabileceğini ileri sürüyoruz. Bunun nedeni şudur: Argüman, öncelikle, çeşitli iddiaları temellendirmek için sürekli gereklidir. Çünkü bu, hangi görüşlerin hangilerinden daha iyi olduğunu anlamaya çalışmanın bir yoludur. Zira bütün görüşler aynı değildir. Öte yandan bazı sonuçlar iyi sebeplerle desteklenebilir fakat diğerleri daha zayıf bir destek de alabilir. Farklı sonuçlar elde etmek için argümanlar sunmalıyız ve sonra onların ne kadar güçlü olduğunu görmek için bu argümanları değerlendirmeliyiz. Argüman, ikinci olarak, başka bir sebepten dolayı da gereklidir: Nedenlerle iyi bir şekilde desteklenmiş bir sonuca vardığımızda, argüman teorileri onu açıklayabileceğimiz ve savunabileceğimiz bir yol olacaktır. İyi bir argüman sadece sonuçları tekrar etmez. Bundan ziyade diğer kişilerin kendi düşüncelerini oluşturması için sebep ve kanıt da sunar. O nedenle argümantasyon teorileri İslam bilimleri için faydalı bir araçtır. Bunun bir metot olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.
Controlling the Lithium Intercalation Voltage in the Li(Mn1-xNix)2O4 Spinel via Tuning of the Ni Concentration: a Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Malatji Kemeridge T. , Santos-Carballal David , Terranova Umberto , Ngoepe Phuti E. , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT LiMn2O4 spinel is a promising cathode material for secondary lithium-ion batteries. Despite showing a high average voltage of lithium intercalation, the material is structurally unstable, undergoing lowering of the crystal symmetry due to Jahn-Teller distortion of the six-fold Mn3+ cations. Although Ni has been proposed as a suitable substitutional dopant to improve the structural stability of LiMn2O4 and enhance the average lithium intercalation voltage, the thermodynamics of the Ni incorporation and its effect on the electrochemical properties of this spinel material are not yet known. In this work, we have employed density functional theory calculations with a Hubbard Hamiltonian (DFT+u) to investigate the thermodynamics of cation mixing in the Li(Mn1_xNix)2O4 solid solution. Our results suggest LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 is the most stable composition from room temperature up to at least 1000 K, in agreement with experiments. We also found that the configurational entropy is much lower than the maximum entropy at 1000 K, indicating that higher temperatures are required to reach a fully disordered solid solution. A maximum average lithium intercalation voltage of 4.8 eV was calculated for the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 composition, which is very close to the experimental value. The temperature was found to have a negligible effect on the Li intercalation voltage of the most stable composition. The findings reported here support the application of LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 as a suitable cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, with a highly stable voltage of intercalation under a wide range of temperatures. Keywords: Spinel, equilibrium concentration, mixing thermodynamics, solid-state chemistry and lithium voltage of intercalation.
Thermodynamics of the Atomic Distribution in Pt3Pd2, Pt2Pd3 and their Corresponding (111) Surfaces
Authors: Meerholz Kyle , Santos-Carballal David , Terranova Umberto , Falch Anzel , van Sittert Cornelia G.C.E. , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT In this study, we have developed solid-state models of platinum and palladium bimetallic catalysts, Pt3Pd2 and Pt2Pd3, which are rapidly thermally annealed at 800 °C. These models were constructed by determining all the unique atomic configurations in a 2x2x1 supercell, using the program Site-Occupation Disorder (SOD), and optimized with the General Utility Lattice Program (GULP) using Sutton-Chen interatomic potentials. Each catalyst had 101 unique bulk models that were developed into surface models, which were constructed using the two-region surface technique before the surface energies were determined. The planes and compositions with lowest surface energies were chosen as the representative models for the surface structure of the bimetallic catalysts. These representative models will now be used in a computational study of the HyS process for the production of hydrogen. Keywords: HyS process, platinum, palladium, solid-state, catalyst, Site-Occupation Disorder.
The Relation Between Career Barriers Faced by Teachers & Level of Stress and Job Satisfaction
Authors: İNANDI Yusuf , YAMAN Şaziye , ATAŞ Mustafa
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the relation between career barriers of teachers, who have previously experienced the phenomenon? and those who work in state schools, and their job satisfaction and stress level. The paper also addresses the predictive power of teacher’s career barriers on their job satisfaction and stress level. To be able to analyse the mentioned relationship, correlational survey model was used in this research. In the study, disproportionate stratified sampling was used and 278 teachers’ notions were taken into consideration. Data were gathered via the application of “Teachers’ Career Barriers Scale” which was developed by Inandi and Gilic (2020), “Sources of Stress Scale”, developed by Pehlivan (1993) and “Job Satisfaction Scale”, developed by Spector (1994) and translated into Turkish by Yelboga (2009). Correlation and regression analysis were used for the collected data. As a result of the study, significant relations were found between teachers’ career barriers, and their job satisfaction and stress levels; teachers’ career barriers significantly have predicted their stress levels and job satisfaction. Besides, one of the fast and effective ways to decrease stress levels and therefore increase job satisfaction of teachers is to eliminate the career barriers they encounter amongst which the most destructive sub-dimensions are union and administrative barriers
Comparing the Automatic Item Selection Procedure and Exploratory Factor Analysis in Determining Factor Structure
Authors: ŞENGÜL AVŞAR Asiye
Published: November 2021

It is necessary to supply proof regarding the construct validity of the scales. Especially, when new scales are developed the construct validity is researched by the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Generally, factor extraction is performed via the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which is not exactly factor analysis and the Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) among EFA methods. Factors may also be determined with different techniques depending on the advances in psychometry. In the context of nonparametric item response theory, the Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA) and the Automatic Item Selection Procedure (AISP) provide significant contributions to researchers in scale development studies. The aim of the current study is to compare the AISP and the EFA methods in determining the factor structures. The Revised Life Orientation Test, whose factor structure was previously known and validated, and the draft Expectation Scale from Academics in Distance Education Scale, which was at the preliminary stage of the scale development process with the unknown factor structure, were considered in this comparison. It was determined that the consistency of the findings obtained from the EFA, and the ones obtained from the AISP provided strong evidence in ensuring the construct validity. The PAF and the AISP produced similar results in this research. The PAF results should be taken into consideration instead of the PCA, especially in scale development studies. It is recommended that the AISP and the PAF results be evaluated together for strong evidence in the investigation of construct validity in scale development studies
Una nueva especie y notas de las Proteaceae en Costa Rica
Authors: Morales J. Francisco
Published: November 2021

Roupala loranthoides Meisn. se reduce a la sinonimia de R. glaberrima. Se describe e ilustra Roupala casota y se discuten sus relaciones con especies morfológicamente similares. Se descarta la presencia de Panopsis antioquensis, P. mucronata, P. sessilifolia y Roupala percoriacea en Costa Rica.
Towards a taxonomic treatment of the Ericaceae for Bolivia and Peru: New species of Thibaudia, synonyms, lectotypes, and observations
Authors: Luteyn James L.
Published: November 2021

Thibaudia cardenasii Luteyn, T. nervosa Luteyn, T. beckii Luteyn, T. cuscoensis Luteyn, and T. lanata Luteyn are described and illustrated. New synonyms and lectotypes are proposed for numerous taxa of Ericaceae, all towards a taxonomic treatment of Ericaceae for Bolivia and adjacent southern Peru.
Endobeuthos paleosum gen. et sp. nov., fossil flowers of uncertain affinity from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber
Authors: Poinar, Jr. George O. , Chambers Kenton L.
Published: November 2021

Endobeuthos paleosum gen. et sp. nov. is based on 6 flowers preserved together in a single block of mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma). The calyx is composed of ca. 50+ small, helically arranged sepals. The corolla consists of 5 imbricate petals forming a sheath-like structure that is usually concealed within the calyx. The petal tips are often spreading and exserted from the calyx. There are numerous stamens, each of which consists of a filament and an enlarged anther connective with a single lateral, bisporangiate theca. Dehiscence is extrorse. The tips of 3 or 4 styles are visible, indicating that the flowers are bisexual. The fossils possess unique features that prevent assignment to any modern family. However, the numerous sepals and stamens and a thickened anther connective may suggest an association of E. paleosum with the family Dilleniaceae.
The status of Physalis hederifolia (Solanaceae) in Louisiana, U.S.A.
Authors: Pyne Milo
Published: November 2021

Physalis hederifolia A. Gray (Solanaceae) has been attributed to the state of Louisiana in the U.S.A. None of the specimens upon which this attribution is based actually belong to this taxon, and the vast majority of them have been determined to belong to a new obligate psammophyte Physalis species with large calyces and seeds that ranges from south-central Texas north and east to southwestern Arkansas and central Louisiana.
Donald J. Pinkava (29 August 1933-25 July 2017)
Authors: Makings Liz
Published: November 2021

Donald J. Pinkava (29 August 1933-25 July 2017)
New combination in Anthenantia (Poaceae: Panicoideae)
Authors: Wipff Joseph K. , Shaw Robert B.
Published: November 2021

The following new combination is made in Anthenantia: Anthenantia villosa (Michx.) P. Beauv. var. texana (Kral) J.K. Wipff & R.B. Shaw.
Taxonomic studies in the Miconieae (Melastomataceae). XIV. Species of Miconia section Sagraea that occur in the Greater Antilles and additionally in the Lesser Antilles and/or continental regions
Authors: Judd Walter S. , Ionta Gretchen M. , Majure Lucas C.
Published: November 2021

The systematics of three species of Miconia sect. Sagraea from the Greater Antilles, which also occur in the Lesser Antilles and/or continental regions, is investigated. These taxa, representing lineages of likely independent dispersal into the Greater Antilles, are here taxonomically revised, including for each a description, nomenclatural information (including a new name, Miconia sciaphila, and two new combinations, M. berteroi and M. septuplinervia), specimen citations, and an eco-geographical characterization. These species are compared with members of two species-rich clades of sect. Sagraea of independent diversification in the Greater Antilles: the Clidemia oligantha/C. leucandra complex (comprising seven species) and the Brevicyma clade (29 species). A key to the three species, distinguishing among them and separating them from the two species-rich Greater Antillean clades is provided.
Two new records and morphological discussions of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
Authors: Freitas Joelcio , De Lírio Elton John , Guimarães Elsie Franklin , Alves-Araújo Anderson
Published: November 2021

Aristolochia bahiensis F. González and Aristolochia hypoglauca Kuhlm. are reported as new records to the flora of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and additionally we provide a discussion about morphological differences between Aristolochia tamnifolia (Klotzsch) Duch. and A. bahiensis. We present photographs, a geographic distribution map, and morphological observations for these three species.
Sandsage prairie: floristics, structure, and dynamics of a Great Plains plant community
Authors: Locklear James H.
Published: November 2021

Sandsage prairie is a shrub-steppe ecological association unique to the Great Plains of North America in which sand sagebrush, Artemisia filifolia, is the dominant and diagnostic element. This paper presents the first comprehensive account of the floristics, community structure, and vegetation dynamics of sandsage prairie throughout its distribution. Sandsage prairie occurs in discontinuous tracts throughout western parts of the central and southern Great Plains in association with dune fields and other areas of sand habitat. The most conspicuous element of the vegetation is shrub-steppe dominated by Artemisia filifolia with a moderate to dense herbaceous layer dominated by perennial grasses. The relative density of Artemisia filifolia canopy cover in the landscape can range from 10% to 50% and is influenced by topographic gradient, climatic variability, fire history, grazing history, and past range management practices. Occurring in mosaic with the shrub-steppe component of sandsage prairie are intergrading but distinct assemblages of herbaceous species tied to varying degrees of disturbance and stabilization within the dune field. A total of 119 plant taxa in 33 families are characteristic of sandsage prairie in the Great Plains, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Onagraceae the largest families (in descending order). There is a pronounced northsouth gradient to the associated flora, with 34 species (29% of the total) being restricted to or most prevalent in either northern or southern stands of sandsage prairie. Sandsage prairie occurs in highly dynamic habitat subject to a host of natural disturbance factors and as a consequence exhibits a high level of heterogeneity in community structure with frequent shifts in species composition and dominance.
A new iridescent corticolous myxomycete species (Licea: Liceaceae: Liceales) and crystals on American elm tree bark in Texas, U.S.A.
Authors: Keller Harold W. , Marshall Vanessa M.
Published: November 2021

A Licea species new to science is described on the bark surface of living American elm (Ulmus americana L.) cultured in moist chambers. It is characterized by an iridescent peridium on the sides of the sporangium, a black apical circular patch of globular debris, and dark reddish black spores that are smooth over half the surface and ridged-reticulate over the other half with the paler thinner wall collapsing into a coffee-bean shape. This combination of morphological characters is distinct and separates this taxon from all other species of Licea. The history of moist chamber culture use and field collection of corticolous myxomycetes is reviewed. The discovery of crystals of unknown origin on the bark surface of American elms associated with Licea species are illustrated with light microscope photography and scanning electron microscopy. Light microscope images and habit photographs were made using multi-focus imaging and computer stacking to increase depth of field and provide illustrations in color of sporangial structures of the new Licea species. This tiny short-stalked Licea approximately 100 um in height, and with distinctive external and internal morphological characters, was photographed using scanning electron microscopy. Dark-spored versus light-spored species of Licea are reviewed and compared with the most recent molecular analysis as this relates to the genus Licea. This paper is the first in a series that will document the discovery of Licea fruiting bodies of four new species on American elms in nature parks near Fort Worth, Texas.
Neil Arthur Harriman (1 August 1938-7 December 2018)
Authors: Of Neil Harriman Colleagues and Friends
Published: November 2021

Oshkosh Northwestern, 10 December 2018
eDNA/eRNA extraction protocols from marine samples v1
Authors: Mirimin Luca , Miller Dulaney , Fernandez Sara
Published: November 2021

This document provides a series of protocols used to extract eDNA or eRNA from marine environmental samples such as small and large volume (filtered) water, sediment or (fine mesh net) plankton. Specifically, these protocols are recommended for use following sampling as described in Mirmin et al. (2021; Environmental DNA sampling protocols for the surveillance of marine non-indigenous species.protocols.iohttps://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.by7rpzm6).
[RETRACTED] Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies Shark Tank - Does Eagle Hemp CBD Gummies Shark Tank Really Work Or Scam? Read This Before Buy! v1
Authors: not provided eaglehempcbdgummiessharktank
Published: November 2021

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Health
Protocols for eDNA/eRNA extraction from marine samples v2
Authors: Mirimin Luca , Miller Dulaney , Fernandez Sara
Published: November 2021

This document provides a series of protocols used to extract eDNA or eRNA from marine environmental samples such as small and large volume (filtered) water, sediment or (fine mesh net) plankton. Specifically, these protocols are recommended for use following sampling as described in Mirmin et al. (2021; Environmental DNA sampling protocols for the surveillance of marine non-indigenous species.protocols.iohttps://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.by7rpzm6).
Mediating role of metacognitions in the relationship between cognitive avoidance and smoking addiction: a structural equation modeling
Authors: EVLİ Mahmut , ŞİMŞEK Nuray
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Cognitive processes have an important place in starting or quitting smoking, which is an important public health problem all over the world. The present study was conducted to determine the mediator role of metacognition about smoking in the relation between cognitive avoidance and nicotine addiction in individuals who want to quit smoking.

Materials and Methods: The study was completed with a total of 294 people who volunteered to participate in the study and who filled the data collection forms. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistics and the Spearman Correlation Test was used for correlation analysis. The effects of cognitive avoidance, nicotine addiction, and metacognition about smoking on each other was examined with structural equality modelling.

Results: A total of 61.9% of the volunteers who participated in our study were male, and the mean age was 33.17±10.62. The data were found to support the model, and the goodness of fit indices were acceptable (CMIN/DF=2.02, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.90, CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.059). Cognitive avoidance and metacognitive beliefs affect nicotine addiction in individuals who want to quit smoking, and metacognitive processes about smoking played mediator roles in the interaction between cognitive avoidance and nicotine addiction.

Conclusion: It will be useful to include cognitive processes as well as metacognitive processes about smoking in smoking cessation programs.
Changes in cerebral oxygenation and cognitive functions during controlled hypotension
Authors: AYDIN Bengü Gülhan , KÜÇÜKOSMAN Gamze , PİŞKİN Özcan , GÜLÇEK Necla , OKYAY Rahşan Dilek , AYOĞLU Hilal
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of controlled hypotension on cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients undergoing nasal surgery.

Materials and Methods: Forty patients were randomized by a sealed envelope method into two drug groups: esmolol (Group E, n=20) or nitroglycerin (Group N, n=20) administration prior to surgical incision. The cognitive functions of the patients were evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination Test 1 day before and 1 day after the operation. Regional oxygen saturation was monitored with near-infrared spectroscopy to detect cerebral desaturation.

Results: The desired mean arterial blood pressure (50-65 mmHg) could be achieved in all groups. A decline in cognitive function occured in 16 patients (40%) at the 24th postoperative hour. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of POCD. There was a significant relationship between POCD and cerebral desaturation status.

Conclusion: Cerebral desaturation seen during hypotensive anesthesia may cause early POCD development, therefore we think that close cerebral and hemodynamic monitoring during hypotensive anesthesia may preserve cognitive functions.
Sınırda kişilik bozukluğunda serum ürik asit seviyeleri ve dürtüsellikle ilişkisi
Authors: KAZĞAN Aslı , YILDIZ Sevler , KURT Osman , KORKMAZ Sevda
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı ilaç kullanımı olmayan sınırda kişilik bozukluğu (SKB) tanılı hastalardaki serum ürik asit seviyelerini incelemek ve bunun dürtüsellikle olabilecek olası ilişkisini araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya SKB tanılı 69 hasta ve 54 sağlıklı kontrol grubu dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcılara sosyodemografik veri formu, Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği Kısa Formu (BDÖ-11) uygulanmıştır. Ardından tüm katılımcılardan açlık venöz kan örnekleri alınarak serum ürik asit düzeyleri çalışılmıştır.

Bulgular: SKB tanılı hastalarda serum ürik asit seviyeleri, BDÖ-11 alt boyut ve toplam puanları ve BDÖ toplam puanı kontrol grubundan anlamlı şekilde yüksek bulunmuştur. Serum ürik asit seviyeleri ile BDÖ-11 ölçek puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu görülmüştür.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, ilaç kullanımı olmayan sınırda kişilik bozukluğu tanılı hastalarda kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek serum ürik asit seviyelerini bildirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları SKB tanılı hastalardaki dürtüselliğin biyolojik temellere dayandırılması açısından örnek oluşturabilir. SKB hastalarında ürik asit seviyeleri ile ilgili ileride yapılacak olan uzunlamasına ve deneysel çalışmalar bizlere bu hastalardaki dürtüselliğin tanı ve tedavisi açısından alternatif bir yol gösterecektir.
ANTECIPAÇÃO DO CONTROLE DA FERRUGEM-DO-CAFEEIRO (Hemileia vastatrix) COM DIFERENTES FUNGICIDAS
Authors: De Souza Hernane , Silva Franco Júnior Kleso , Prado Brigante Giselle , De Souza Dias Márcio , Scalco Ferreira Natália
Published: November 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a antecipação do controle da ferrugem do cafeeiro (Catuai Amarelo IAC 62) com diferentes fungicidas, sendo realizada em uma lavoura de aproximadamente 23 anos. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), constituído de 5 tratamentos com 4 repetições, totalizando 20 parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos foram: controle (água); Ciproconazol + Azoxistrobina, Piraclostrobina + Epoxiconazol, Flutriafol, Ciproconazol. Foi avaliado o nível incidência de ferrugem no ramo plagiotrópico e o crescimento de internódios aos 14, 28, 42, 56 e 70 dias após a aplicação (DAA). O controle antecipado da ferrugem com fungicidas Piraclostrobina + Epocoxiconal e Flutrifol aos 28DAA, 56DAA resultaram em menores níveis, aos 56DAA os mesmos fungicidas e também o Ciproconazol e aos 70DAA o Flutriafol, com o menor nível de ferrugem. Já em relação ao número de internódios dos ramos plagiotrópicos aos 70DAA o Flutriafol foi o que acarretou menor número.
Examining performance and optimization of a cogeneration system comprised with allam cycle and MED-TVC for generating power and drinking water: Case study: Kish island
Authors: AHMADI Azadeh , NOORPOOR Alireza , KANI Alireza , SARAEI Alireza
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a new thermodynamic cycle for power and fresh water production is presented, which includes MED-TVC desalinations and Allam cycles due to the important influence they have on the electric power industry in controlling and limiting greenhouse emissions. First, the Allam cycle analyzed and the appropriate location for heat-extraction identified to produce the required water vapor for the desalination system. It was determined that the heat site suitable for use in the desalination cycle is the heat from the outlet of the Compressor, which is estimated as 100 MW. The MED-TVC Desalination, one of the most suitable and most economical desalination, is used to combine the Allam cycle and desalination in the Kish district, located in the south of Iran. The proposed cycle is analyzed from the perspective of energy and exergy. The results show, the highest amount of exergy used to generate power in turbine and the amount of produced freshwater increase with increasing the capacity of Turbine. For this purpose genetic algorithm is used in two different scenarios to minimize and maximize the exergy destruction and produced fresh water respectively. The optimization of the system with genetic algorithm led to 18% decrease in total exergy destruction of the cycle in the first scenario and 7% decrease in the second optimization scenario. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cycle in first scenario and second scenario increased by 30% and 13% respectively. In the scenario optimization scheme, the amount of fresh water increased by 22%.
Hydro-conditioning and seed partitioning for Inga laurina (SW.) Willd Propagation
Authors: Porto Alexandre Hack , Júnior Américo Wagner , Neto Carlos Kosera , Voss Larissa Corradi , Moura Gisely Corrêa de , Radaeli Juliana Cristina
Published: November 2021

The Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd species comes from tropical and subtropical regions, in several phytogeographic areas of distribution, including Brazil. It belongs to the leguminous family, present in riparian forests and used in urban afforestation, it provides shading and a pleasant microclimate, ornamental value, in addition to the fruit being consumed by man and birds. Species of this genus have compounds that are used in popular medicine. The propagation method is still by seeds, making it difficult to obtain the seedling, as they present recalcitrance, impairing its storage viability. The objective of this work was to verify the possibility of I. laurina seeds partitioning for the species propagation, and the storage viability, if previously subjected to hydro-conditioning. A completely randomized design was adopted, in a 2 x 4 factorial (Lot x storage time), with four replications of 50 seeds per experimental unit. The treatments were formed by the lots of whole and partitioned seeds, plus the hydro-conditioning application in the stored period. After the treatment’s application, sowing was done in tubes, being kept in a 120-day evaluation period. After this period, emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time, air length and roots (cm), the aerial part and roots dry biomass (g), number of roots, leaves and stems (g) were evaluated. Seed partitioning was not proved to be advantageous. The seed partitioning technique was not proved to be advantageous. The hydro-conditioning adoption during storage allowed the seeds to remain viable and with the desired vigor.
Time and technique of green pruning 'Charme' peaches to obtain quality fruits
Authors: Dotto Marcelo , Pirola Kelli , Cassol Darcieli Aparecida , Junior Américo Wagner , Citadin Idemir , Antunes Luis Eduardo Correa
Published: November 2021

One of the management techniques that aim to improve the quality of the fruits is green pruning, which main purpose is to increase the penetration of light in the crown, favoring pigmentation, thus improving the flavor of the fruits. However, it is not always done, since it requires labor. The objective of this work was to evaluate the time and the way of Management green pruning, as well as the practice of thinning associated with it in order to obtain high quality peaches from the ‘Charme’ cultivar. The work was carried out in a commercial orchard in the Dois Vizinhos (PR) municipality, in three productive cycles. A completely randomized design was used, a 3 x 3 bifactorial scheme (green pruning time x green pruning management technique), with 4 replications of two plants per experimental unit. The times of green pruning or bending were in the third, fourth and fifth weeks before harvest. The techniques were first to remove vertical branches facing the center of the canopy and in the base of the tree with reference to broken and poorly ones and, the second the belding of these. The productive capacity and the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in three productive cycles. The quality of the ‘Charme’ peach only presented improvements with the green pruning from the third year of its realization.
Production of barueiro seedlings in different substrates
Authors: Alves Naiara Ferreira , Costa Ana Claudia , Alvarenga Júlio Miguel
Published: November 2021

Barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is one of the species native to the Brazilian cerrado that has economic potential. Thus, for the implantation of commercial orchards of this fruit tree, it is important to produce quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of barueiro seedlings under different substrates containing organic residues in the municipality  of Nova Xavantina-MT. The experimental design used was randomized blocks (RBD), with 7 treatments (soil (control); soil + bovine manure (2: 1); soil + coffee husk (3: 1); soil + humus (2: 1); soil + coffee husk + humus (3: 1: 1); soil + coffee husk + bovine manure (3: 1: 1); and soil + humus + bovine manure (3: 1: 1)) and 4 replicates, with ten plants per plot, totaling 280 seedlings. Treatments consisted of substrates formulated with different proportions of soil, bovine manure, coffee husk and earthworm humus. Substrate containing only soil (control) provided greater plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of leaflets, shoot and root fresh and dry mass and Dickson Quality Index. In general, residues tested did not favor the growth parameters evaluated, possibly because barueiro is a species native to the Cerrado, not very demanding in soil fertility. Under the conditions of this work, it is recommended the use of soil in the formulation of substrates to produce barueiro seedlings. The addition of organic matter to the soil had negative effect on seedling development.
Precision agriculture: soybean culture in South Brazil
Authors: Marcos Hammerschmidt José , Karswegaard Pereira Calábria Zieglenristen , Vinicius Cremonesi Marcus
Published: November 2021

The objective of describing the scientific production on precision agriculture for soybean cultivation in southern Brazil. Integrative review developed in five stages: 1) to identify research problems: what is the scientific production on precision agriculture for the soybean economy in Brazil, 2) data collection, 3) data evaluation, 4) analysis and interpretation of data and 5) presentation of results. 19 articles appeared, published in the period from 2011 to 2019. All involve the study of soy, created in Latosol, Cambisolo and Argisolo; study areas ranging from 1.74 to 225 hectares; predominance of no-tillage carried out over ten years; crop rotation in summer and winter. As topics addressed: Physiological quality of soybean seeds; Sowing of soybeans; Chemical and physical attributes of the soil; Spectral indices during soybean growth; Weeds and pest control. There was greater emphasis on technologies: digital maps, machinery, tests, computer systems / programs, software, georeferencing, soil analysis, electronic meters, digital images, equipment and optical sensors. The tools used in precision agriculture are important for professional qualification, increased reduction, environmental impacts, sustainability, optimization of time and products and services, cost reduction.
Substrate and indolebutyric acid in the rooting of pomegranate cuttings collected in two seasons
Authors: Pirola Kelly , Dotto Marcelo , Aparecida Cassol Darcieli , Luis Alegretti Alexandre , Wagner Júnior Américo
Published: November 2021

The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) presents potential for commercial exploitation as a fruit, ornamental or medicinal plant. However, for its usage in orchards, it is ideal that the seedlings come from vegetative propagation techniques. The aim of this work was to test the usage of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and substrates, at two harvesting times (before and after fruiting) in the cutting propagation of pomegranate. The work was carried out at UTFPR, Campus Dois Vizinhos. The experiments were installed in a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme (IBA concentration x substrate), with four replications and ten cuttings per experimental unit. IAB was tested at concentrations 0; 1000; 2000 and 3000 mg L-1. The used substrates were Red Latosol, medium textured sand, commercial substrate MecPlant® and a mixture of Red Latosol + sand + commercial (1:1:1, v/v). The cuttings were placed in beds in a screened protected environment, with 50% shading. Irrigation was performed three times a day for 30 min., by a micro sprinkler. After 60 days, rooting (%), cuttings with callus (%), number of primary leaf and root shoots, length of the three largest roots and percentage of dead cuttings were evaluated. Cutting presented itself as a potential technique to be adopted for pomegranate, using sand, with the use of IBA at concentrations between 1600 and 1750 mg L-1. Cuttings must be collected before fruiting. However, rhizogenesis close to 50% was achieved at the time after such phenological stage.