bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate trends and climate change scenarios in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Le Anh Ngoc , Vo Thi Nguyen , Nguyen Van Hong , Nguyen Dang Mau
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews the trends of climate and climate change scenarios in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The linear regression method is used to determine the trend and variation of past climate (1980-2019) at Tan Son Hoa station. The annual average temperature tends to increase about 0.024°C/year (r2=0.54) and the rainfall tends to increase about 6.03 mm/year (r2=0.67). For temperature scenario, by 2030 the annual average temperature in the whole city will increase from 0.80- 0.81°C (RCP4.5) and 0.92-0.98°C (RCP8.5). By 2050, it will increase 1.23-1.33°C (RCP4.5) and 1.55-1.68°C (RCP8.5). By 2100, it will increase 1.75-1.88°C (RCP4.5) and 3.20-3.55°C (RCP8.5) compared to the base period. Regarding rainfall scenario, in 2030, the city-wide average rainfall will increase by 12-21% (RCP4.5) and by 12-17% (RCP8.5). By 2050, the average rainfall is likely to increase by 13-15% (RCP4.5) and 15-17% (RCP8.5). By 2100, the average rainfall is likely to increase by 18-22% (RCP4.5) and 20-21% (RCP8.5) compared to the base period.
Effects of sediment deposit on the hydraulic performance of the urban stormwater drainage system
Authors: Quang C N X , Giang N N H , Hoa H V , Hung P Q
Published: January 2022

Sediment deposit is a critical factor strongly affecting the drainage capacity of the conduits due to its cross-section area narrowing and roughness increasing. In this study, a numerical model was applied to investigate the influences of sediment deposit on the hydraulic performance of the drainage conduits. The Nhieu Loc - Thi Nghe (NL-TN) basin, located in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, was selected as a case study. The drainage network of the NL-TN basin was simulated by using the EPA-SWMM model. The effects of sediment deposit were assessed by a non-dimensional comparison of the simulated peak flows of the sediment-deposited conduits and the clean ones. The results indicated that the sediment deposit significantly affects the flow capacity of the conduits and could cause severe inundation. Narrowing of the cross-section area has more impact on the hydraulic performance of the conduit than the increase in the roughness. A 40% increase in the Manning coefficient could decline the peak flow to approximately 80-90%, while a 40% increase in sediment thickness depth could degrade the peak flow by about 60-70% to compare with the peak flow of the clean conduit. The findings could support decision makings on the operation and maintenance of the sewer system and adaptation to extreme rainfall events.
Recovering Zinc from electroplating wastewater by crystallization in a pellet reactor
Authors: Hoang Nhung Thi-Tuyet , Tran Anh Thi-Kim
Published: January 2022

A pellet reactor (PR) was used to investigate the ability for zinc recovery from electroplating wastewater. The pellet reactor is a fluidized bed reactor, in which the nucleated precipitation of heavy metals occurred on the surface of seeding material. The zinc removal efficiency was 75% at molar ratio [CO3
2-]/[Zn2+] of 2.5, the flowrate of 16 L/h, sand’s diameter of 0.25 – 0.5 mm, and sand’s mass of 50 g. The elemental analysis of zinc carbonate and zinc hydroxide crystallization was analyzed by X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and the surface was characterised by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) to get the morphological observation of the pellets after 38-day operation. This study demonstrated that the fluidized bed reactor can be considered a feasible method for zinc removal efficiency from electroplating wastewater to achieve sustainable development.
GIS-Based Touring Route Planning for Forest Parks - Baiwangshan Forest Park as an Example
Authors: Jiao Yan , He Zuoyu
Published: January 2022

With the popularization of low-carbon concept, residents pay more and more attention to the demand of urban forest parks. In this essay, the GIS software based on remote sensing technology is used to analyze the elevation, slope and slope direction of Baiwangshan Forest Park and carry out superimposed data processing, followed by distance analysis of park nodes, and finally obtain different types of tour organization routes such as cultural experience, ecological civilization, sports and fitness, to realize the efficiency and rationality of forest park tour route design, improve the utilization rate of forest resources, and provide reference for future tour route planning of the same type of The tour route design of forest park is efficient and reasonable, and the utilization rate of forest resources is improved.
Self-healable Hydroxyl-terminated Polybutadiene based Polyurethane for Sustainable Development
Authors: Liu Yahao , Zheng Jian , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Yu , Yu Guibo , Jia Yunfei
Published: January 2022

Self-healing technology provides a promising road for the sustainable development of the environment, which can extend the service life of materials, thereby reducing the waste of natural resources. As is known to all, it is difficult to obtain a polymer with fast room-temperature self-healing properties without any external stimuli. In this work, a series of polyurethanes with fast room-temperature self-healing capability were designed and prepared by combining the hydrogen bonds and the aromatic disulfide bonds. Owing to their synergistic effect, the obtained polyurethane exhibited high self-healing efficiency of 95.2% for SPU-1, and 98.4% for SPU-2. It is excepted that this design strategy may be potential applications in sustainable development for applied materials.
Light-Weight and Cost-Effective Spherical Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Effective Water Wave Energy Harvesting
Authors: Ye Zhicheng , Liao Shuai , Wang Fengxin , Mo Lianghao , Li Guoming , Luo Yuanzheng
Published: January 2022

Ocean wave energy is one of the most promising clean and renewable energy, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can be seen as a promising technology by harvesting blue energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This work utilized a novel process to fabricate porous foam-shaped PDMS vibrator combined with aluminium metal electrode film and polyimide (Kapton) film to form a contact separation single electrode vibrating friction nanogenerator. The vibratory TENG with porous PDMS spherule (P-TENG) as vibrator enhanced the output performance with facile manufacturing process. The results show that the output voltage of the vibratory friction nanogenerator with porous spherules as the vibratory friction nanogenerator is 38.89% higher than that with solid ones and the charge accumulation and release period is eight times higher. Given the features of exceptional output performance, unprecedented robustness and universal applicability resulting from porous structure, the P-TENG is promising candidate for ocean wave energy harvesting in our water-wave experiment.
Research on the Perception of University Students’ Urban Environment Based on Cognitive Maps——Take Jinan City as an Example
Authors: Fu Jia , Lu Zhenyu , Zhao Feng
Published: January 2022

This article takes the university students’ spatial cognition information of the city where the school is located as the research object, and takes time development as the cut-in angle. Through the classification study of the cognitive map, the analysis of the characteristics of the university students’ cognition of urban environment and the causes of their influence are found. In the process of transforming from the tourist perspective to the local perspective, the frequency of cognitive elements changes, that is, the cognitive characteristics from scattered to structural, and finally proposes urban environment development planning recommendations based on readability.
Research on the Planning and Design of Forest Recreation Base Based on GIS and RMP Analysis -- Take the Example of Forest Recreation Base Above the Clouds in Heshun County, Shanxi Province
Authors: Lu Jiahao , He Zuoyu
Published: January 2022

After the Novel coronavirus pneumonia, it is imperative to revitalize and restore the industry. Promoting the forest recreation industry in Heshun County to find the right positioning and integrating the local ecological and cultural connotation is the most effective channel and way. This paper uses GIS to spatially analyze the forest recreation base above the clouds and combines RWP analysis to analyze and summarize its current resources and development status, analyze the dilemmas and shortcomings in the process of base construction, and use it to make some suggestions on the path and benefits of integrating forest recreation and ecological culture in Heshun County. In this way, we can make reference to the integration of forest recreation and ecological culture in other regions and build a sustainable forest recreation industry in the new era.
Physical and dynamic mechanical properties of continuous bamboo reinforcement/bio-based epoxy composites
Authors: Richmond Tutea , Lods Louise , Dandurand Jany , Dantras Eric , Lacabanne Colette , Malburet Samuel , Graillot Alain , Durand Jean-Michel , Sherwood Edouard , Ponteins Philippe
Published: January 2022

Unidirectional bamboo reinforced cardanol-based epoxy composites were prepared by a close mould method. Two morphologies of reinforcements were used in this research: bamboo fibres and bamboo strips. The present article investigates the influence of bamboo reinforcements on the thermal and mechanical properties of the bio based matrix. Differential Scanning Calorimetry analyses showed that the introduction of bamboo does not modify the physical properties of the matrix. DMA analyses in shear mode showed an improvement of the shear conservative modulus that reaches 1.7 ± 0.1 GPa. This value that is independent from the morphology of reinforcements, indicates the existence of physical interactions. The continuity of matter between bamboo strips or bamboo fibres and the matrix observed by SEM confirms this result. Nevertheless, in tensile mode, the improvement of the tensile conservative modulus is specific to the used morphology. Indeed, for bamboo strips composites, it is 7.7 ± 0.8 GPa, while for bamboo fibres composites, it reaches 9.6 ± 0.8 GPa. This result is explained by the optimisation of stress transfer thanks to the specific morphology of bamboo fibres. A significant increase is also observed for the rubbery modulus due to entanglements specific of bamboo reinforcement.
3D x-ray microtomography investigations on the bimodal porosity and high sulfur impregnation in 3D carbon foam for Li–S battery application
Authors: Thripuranthaka M , Chaturvedi Vikash , Dwivedi Pravin Kumari , Torris Arun , Shelke Manjusha V
Published: January 2022

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to current state-of-the-art rechargeable Li-ion battery technologies, have received tremendous attention as potential candidates for next-generation portable electronics and the rapidly advancing electric vehicle market. However, substantial capacity decay, miserable cycle life, and meagre stability remain critical challenges. More specifically, shuttling of polysulfide (Li2S
x
(3 < x ⩽ 8)) species severely hinders the cycle performance resulting in capacity fade and cycling instability. In the present work, a highly conducting three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanofiber (CNF) foam has been synthesized using the lyophilization method followed by thermal pyrolysis. The highly porous foam materials have a bimodal porosity distribution in the nano and micro regime and were successfully investigated to serve as a potential host for sulfur species intended for Li–S battery application. 3D x-ray microtomography was employed to estimate the nature of sulfur impregnation and distribution in the 3D porous networks. On utilizing the final product as cathode material, sulfur impregnated carbonized CNF foam and modified the separator with functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes delivered a specific capacity of ∼845 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1.
Solar cell parameter accuracy improvement, via refinement of the Co-Content function. Part 1: theoretical analysis
Authors: Rangel-Kuoppa Victor Tapio
Published: January 2022

In this Part 1 of this series of articles, the accuracy on the obtention of the shunt resistance (Rsh), the series resistance (Rs), the ideality factor (n), the light current (Ilig), and the saturation current (Isat), via the use of the Co-content functionCCV,I=∫0VI−IscdV(whereIsc=IV=0) is investigated theoretically, as function of the number of measured points per voltage (PV) and percentage noise (pn). Reasonable values are obtained forRsh,Rs, andIlig, withPV= 11 measurement points perVif thepnis 0.1% or less. For a reasonable determinationofnat leastPV= 101 measurement points perVare needed.Isatdetermination requirespnof 0.01% or lower with at leastPV= 101 measured points perVand should be evaluated at large values ofV.The results given in this Part 1 are used in Part 2 to discuss the reported application of theCCV,Ito obtain Rsh,Rs,n,Ilig, andIsatfound in the literature.
Entropy, free energy, symmetry and dynamics in the brain
Authors: Jirsa Viktor , Sheheitli Hiba
Published: January 2022

Neuroscience is home to concepts and theories with roots in a variety of domains including information theory, dynamical systems theory, and cognitive psychology. Not all of those can be coherently linked, some concepts are incommensurable, and domain-specific language poses an obstacle to integration. Still, conceptual integration is a form of understanding that provides intuition and consolidation, without which progress remains unguided. This paper is concerned with the integration of deterministic and stochastic processes within an information theoretic framework, linking information entropy and free energy to mechanisms of emergent dynamics and self-organization in brain networks. We identify basic properties of neuronal populations leading to an equivariant matrix in a network, in which complex behaviors can naturally be represented through structured flows on manifolds establishing the internal model relevant to theories of brain function. We propose a neural mechanism for the generation of internal models from symmetry breaking in the connectivity of brain networks. The emergent perspective illustrates how free energy can be linked to internal models and how they arise from the neural substrate.
Predicting future links with new nodes in temporal academic networks
Authors: Ran Yijun , Liu Si-Yuan , Yu Xiaoyao , Shang Ke-Ke , Jia Tao
Published: January 2022

Most real-world systems evolve over time in which entities and the interactions between entities are added and removed—new entities or relationships appear and old entities or relationships vanish. While most network evolutionary models can provide an iterative process for constructing global properties, they cannot capture the evolutionary mechanisms of real systems. Link prediction is hence proposed to predict future links which also can help us understand the evolution law of real systems. The aim of link prediction is to uncover missing links from known parts of the network or quantify the likelihood of the emergence of future links from current structures of the network. However, almost all existing studies ignored that old nodes tend to disappear and new nodes appear over time in real networks, especially in social networks. It is more challenging for link prediction since the new nodes do not have pre-existing structure information. To solve the temporal link prediction problems with new nodes, here we take into account nodal attribute similarity and the shortest path length, namely, ASSPL, to predict future links with new nodes. The results tested on scholar social network and academic funding networks show that it is highly effective and applicable for ASSPL in funding networks with time-evolving. Meanwhile, we make full use of an efficient parameter to exploit how network structure or nodal attribute has an impact on the performance of temporal link prediction. Finally, we find that nodal attributes and network structure complement each other well for predicting future links with new nodes in funding networks.
Measuring optical loss in yttrium orthosilicate using a whispering gallery mode resonator
Authors: Norman Daniel S , Azeem Farhan , Longdell Jevon J , Schwefel Harald G L
Published: January 2022

The fabrication of a yttrium orthosilicate (YSO) whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator is described, displaying quality (Q)-factors as high as 1.1 × 109. An overview of the experimental setup is presented including the procedure for spatial and spectral characterisation of the WGMs. We consider the optical losses present in such a resonator and what steps were taken in order to minimise these losses. The surface scattering in such a resonator is considered and we show that in the wavelength range of 1.5 μm, the Q-factor is not limited by scattering losses for the case in which surface inhomogeneities are weakly correlated. The high Q-factors we demonstrate have implications for rare earth ion dopant based quantum technologies because YSO is an important host material for these applications.
A practice game changer: Impact of tenecteplase for acute ischemic stroke in a multicenter quality improvement project
Authors: Noh Lydia , Pham Felix , Haddad Lara , Burkhard Theresa , Paletz Laurie , Pech Marco , Lewis Maya , Manoukian Vicki , Schlick Konrad H , Song Shlee
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Tenecteplase is a thrombolytic that is more fibrin specific, has a longer half-life, and is easier to administer than alteplase for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This article outlines the pharmacy experience and perspective on implementation of tenecteplase as the treatment of choice for AIS.

Tenecteplase has been of increasing interest for AIS and is currently being studied in several clinical trials. Although it is not indicated by the Food and Drug Administration for AIS, several published studies and an update to stroke guidelines from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association support its use in this setting. In January 2021, Cedars-Sinai Health System made the decision to add tenecteplase to the formulary for AIS in addition to keeping alteplase for patients who met the criterion of being outside the 4.5-hour window following stroke onset. Along with the added benefits of having tenecteplase on formulary come challenges of managing multiple thrombolytics for the same indication. Identifying key stakeholders and creating an interdisciplinary team are critical to ensure safe transitions.

Conclusion

Institutions can safely transition from alteplase to tenecteplase as a thrombolytic of choice for AIS.
Plasma Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Levels and Mortality Risk Among Younger-Old Japanese People: A Population-Based Case–Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Wenjing , Morinaga Jun , Ukawa Shigekazu , Endo Motoyoshi , Yamada Hiroya , Kawamura Takashi , Wakai Kenji , Tsushita Kazuyo , Ando Masahiko , Suzuki Koji , Oike Yuichi , Tamakoshi Akiko
Published: January 2022

Aging is an important medical and social problem. Excessive angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL)-2 signaling causes chronic tissue inflammation, promoting development and progression of aging-related diseases. Moreover, circulating ANGPTL2 levels reportedly predict the risk of some aging-related diseases and subsequent death. However, there are, as yet, no reports of whether circulating ANGPTL2 levels predict vital prognosis in younger-old, community-dwelling populations. This study investigated associations between plasma ANGPTL2 levels and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in this population. The case–cohort study was abstracted from an ongoing, age-specific prospective cohort study: the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project. This project enrolled 3 073 participants aged 64 years at the beginning of the investigation from 1996 through 2005. A subcohort of 714 randomly sampled participants plus 387 cases representing deceased participants followed through 2015 underwent survival analysis. Plasma ANGPTL2 concentrations were positively associated with >80% and 100% higher risk of all-cause mortality and cancer mortality, respectively, after adjustment for gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, walking time, sleep duration, caloric intake, medical status, disease history, BMI, and triglyceride, creatinine, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. A more robust association between ANGPTL2 levels and all-cause and cancer mortality was seen in participants with either frailties or with lifestyles of heavier drinking or current smoking. Elevated plasma ANGPTL2 levels are associated with high all-cause and cancer mortality in a community-dwelling sample of younger-old adults. These findings expand our knowledge of human aging and associated diseases.
Future-Proofing Organizational Knowledge Management and Human Resourcing: Identifying Early Retirement Predictors in a Modern Police Force
Authors: AlKaabi Faisal Ahmed Mohamed , Davies Amanda
Published: January 2022

An acknowledged challenge for human resource management is building resilience against loss of organizational knowledge through employee early retirement. In the highly competitive business world of the 21st century in which human capital is emerging as a commercial and competitive asset, developing an understanding of the non-work factors which predicate early retirement has the capacity to inform on strategies for mitigating the organizational, professional, and personal impact of employee early retirement. A study conducted within a Middle East policing organization identified the imbalance between work and family, limited support for workplace stress from social and organization avenues increases early retirement intentions. The study evaluated demographic factors, level of satisfaction with work, and social circumstances correlated with odds of early retirement intentions. The findings offer a contribution to the developing body of research and resultant policy formulation focused on identifying the influence on early retirement through (a) the replicable design and analysis approach applied in the study and (b) the non-work social factors evaluated.
ATAC-Seq Reveals the Landscape of Open Chromatin and cis-Regulatory Elements in thePhytophthora sojaeGenome
Authors: Zhang Zhichao , Lin Long , Chen Han , Ye Wenwu , Dong Suomeng , Zheng Xiaobo , Wang Yuanchao
Published: January 2022

Nucleosome-free open chromatin often harbors transcription factor (TF)-binding sites that are associated with active cis-regulatory elements. However, analysis of open chromatin regions has rarely been applied to oomycete or fungal plant pathogens. In this study, we performed the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) to identify open chromatin and cis-regulatory elements in Phytophthora sojae at the mycelial stage. We identified 10,389 peaks representing nucleosome-free regions (NFRs). The peaks were enriched in gene-promoter regions and associated with 40% of P. sojae genes; transcription levels were higher for genes with multiple peaks than genes with a single peak and were higher for genes with a single peak than genes without peak. Chromatin accessibility was positively correlated with gene transcription level. Through motif discovery based on NFR peaks in core promoter regions, 25 candidate cis-regulatory motifs with evidence of TF-binding footprints were identified. These motifs exhibited various preferences for location in the promoter region and associations with the transcription level of their target genes, which included some putative pathogenicity-related genes. As the first study revealing the landscape of open chromatin and the correlation between chromatin accessibility and gene transcription level in oomycetes, the results provide a technical reference and data resources for future studies on the regulatory mechanisms of gene transcription.

[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Comparison Between Prothioconazole and Prothioconazole-Desthio in Poison-Plate Mycelial Growth Assays of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Breunig Mikaela , Chilvers Martin I.
Published: January 2022

The active ingredient prothioconazole is a demethylase inhibitor (DMI) widely used in numerous commercial fungicide formulations for crop protection. However, prothioconazole converts in planta to prothioconazole-desthio, which was found to be the primary active form inhibiting CYP51 activity in fungi. Here, experiments were performed on Fusarium graminearum to compare the use of technical-grade prothioconazole-desthio, technical-grade prothioconazole, and formulated product Proline in poison-plate mycelial growth assays to investigate the relevancy of using prothioconazole for sensitivity testing. Prothioconazole-desthio was significantly more efficacious at mycelial growth inhibition than prothioconazole but mycelial growth and effective concentration to reduce growth by 50% (EC50) values between the two correlated significantly. Although care should be taken in interpreting EC50 values of prothioconazole, the compound is still suitable for monitoring sensitivity rather than purchasing the more expensive prothioconazole-desthio.
Emerging scale invariance in a model of turbulence of vortices and waves
Authors: Shavit M. , Vladimirova N. , Falkovich G.
Published: January 2022

This note is devoted to broken and emerging scale invariance of turbulence. Pumping breaks the symmetry: the statistics of every mode explicitly depend on the distance from the pumping. And yet the ratios of mode amplitudes, called Kolmogorov multipliers, are known to approach scale-invariant statistics away from the pumping. This emergent scale invariance deserves an explanation and a detailed study. We put forward the hypothesis that the invariance of multipliers is due to an extreme non-locality of their interactions (similar to the appearance of mean-field properties in the thermodynamic limit for systems with long-range interaction). We analyse this phenomenon in a family of models that connects two very different classes of systems: resonantly interacting waves and wave-free incompressible flows. The connection is algebraic and turns into an identity for properly discretized models. We show that this family provides a unique opportunity for an analytic (perturbative) study of emerging scale invariance in a system with strong interactions.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Scaling the turbulence edifice (part 1)’.
Remarks on anomalous dissipation for passive scalars
Authors: Mazzucato A. L.
Published: January 2022

We consider the problem of anomalous dissipation for passive scalars advected by an incompressible flow. We review known results on anomalous dissipation from the point of view of the analysis of partial differential equations, and present simple rigorous examples of scalars that admit a Batchelor-type energy spectrum and exhibit anomalous dissipation in the limit of zero scalar diffusivity.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Scaling the turbulence edifice (part 1)’.
Aquibium microcysteis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Microcystis aeruginosa culture and reclassification of Mesorhizobium carbonis as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and Mesorhizobium oceanicum as Aquibium oceanicum comb. nov
Authors: Kim Minkyung , Kim Wonjae , Park Woojun
Published: January 2022

A novel bacterial strain, NIBR3T, was isolated from a

Microcystis aeruginosa

culture. Strain NIBR3T was characterized as Gram-negative, rod-shaped, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and aerobic. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NIBR3T was most closely related to

Mesorhizobium carbonis

B2.3T (=KCTC 52461),

Mesorhizobium oceanicum

B7T (=KCTC 42783) and

Mesorhizobium qingshengii

CCBAU 33460T (=HAMBI 3277), at 98.7, 97.2 and 97.2% similarity, respectively. Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that three strains [strain NIBR3T with the previously reported two

Mesorhizobium

species (

M. carbonis

B2.3T and

M. oceanicum

B7T)] formed a distinct cluster from other

Mesorhizobium

type strains. The average nucleotide identity of strain NIBR3T relative to

M. carbonis

B2.3T
, M. oceanicum B7T, and

M. qingshengii

CCBAU 33460T was found to be 84.3, 79.4 and 75.8 %, with average amino-acid identities of 85.1, 74.8 and 64.3 %, and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of 27.6, 22.6 and 20.7 %, respectively. The genome size and genomic DNA G+C content of NIBR3T were 6.1 Mbp and 67.9 mol%, respectively. Growth of strain NIBR3T was observed at 23–45 °C (optimum, 33 °C), at pH 6–11 (optimum, 8) and in the presence of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The major polar lipids in this novel strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. Summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) was the most abundant cellular fatty acid in strain NIBR3T. Based on genotypic characteristics using our genomic data, strain NIBR3T was identified as a member of new genus, Aquibium gen. nov., with the two aforementioned stains. The type strain f the novel species, Aquibium microcysteis sp. nov., is NIBR3T (=KACC 22092T=HAMBI 3738T). We also reclassified

Mesorhizobium carbonis

and

M. oceanicum

as Aquibium carbonis comb. nov. and A. oceanicum comb. nov., respectively.
Memory effects and static disorder reduce information in single-molecule signals
Authors: Song Kevin , Makarov Dmitrii E. , Vouga Etienne
Published: January 2022

A key theoretical challenge posed by single-molecule studies is the inverse problem of deducing the underlying molecular dynamics from the time evolution of low-dimensional experimental observables. Toward this goal, a variety of low-dimensional models have been proposed as descriptions of single-molecule signals, including random walks with or without conformational memory and/or with static or dynamics disorder. Differentiating among different models presents a challenge, as many distinct physical scenarios lead to similar experimentally observable behaviors such as anomalous diffusion and nonexponential relaxation. Here we show that information-theory-based analysis of single-molecule time series, inspired by Shannon’s work studying the information content of printed English, can differentiate between Markov (memoryless) and non-Markov single-molecule signals and between static and dynamic disorder. In particular, non-Markov time series are more predictable and thus can be compressed and transmitted within shorter messages (i.e. have a lower entropy rate) than appropriately constructed Markov approximations, and we demonstrate that in practice the LZMA compression algorithm reliably differentiates between these entropy rates across several simulated dynamical models.
Functional variability in adhesion and flocculation of yeast megasatellite genes
Authors: Saguez Cyril , Viterbo David , Descorps-Declère Stéphane , Cormack Brendan , Dujon Bernard , Richard Guy-Franck
Published: January 2022

Megasatellites are large tandem repeats found in all fungal genomes but especially abundant in the opportunistic pathogenCandida glabrata. They are encoded in genes involved in cell-cell interactions, either between yeasts or between yeast and human cells. In the present work, we have been using an iterative genetic system to delete severalC. glabratamegasatellite-containing genes and found that two of them were positively involved in adhesion to epithelial cells, whereas three genes controlled negatively adhesion. Two of the latter,CAGL0B05061gorCAGL0A04851g,are also negative regulators of yeast-to-yeast adhesion, making them central players in controllingC. glabrataadherence properties. Using a series of syntheticSaccharomyces cerevisiaestrains in which theFLO1megasatellite was replaced by other tandem repeats of similar length but different sequences, we showed that the capacity of a strain to flocculate in liquid culture was unrelated to its capacity to adhere to epithelial cells or to invade agar. Finally, in order to understand how megasatellites were initially created and subsequently expanded, an experimental evolution system was set up, in which modified yeast strains containing different megasatellite seeds were grown in bioreactors for more than 200 generations and selected for their ability to sediment at the bottom of the culture tube. Several flocculation-positive mutants were isolated. Functionally relevant mutations included general transcription factors as well as a 230 kb segmental duplication.
Comprehensive assessment of functional effects of commonly used sweeteners on ex vivo human gut microbiome
Authors: Sun Zhongzhi , Wang Wenju , Li Leyuan , Zhang Xu , Ning Zhibin , Mayne Janice , Walker Krystal , Stintzi Alain , Figeys Daniel
Published: January 2022

The gut microbiome composition and function are associated with health and diseases. Sweeteners are widely used food additives, although many studies using animal models have linked sweetener consumption to gut microbial changes and health issues. Whether sweeteners directly change the human gut microbiome functionality remains largely unknown. In this study, we systematically investigated the responses of five human gut microbiomes to 21 common sweeteners, using an approach combining high-throughput ex vivo microbiome culturing and metaproteomics to quantify functional changes in different taxa. Hierarchical clustering based on metaproteomic responses of individual microbiomes resulted in two clusters. The first cluster was composed of non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) and two sugar alcohols with shorter carbon backbones (4-5 carbon atoms), and the second cluster was composed of sugar alcohols with longer carbon backbones. The metaproteomic functional responses of the second cluster were similar to the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides and kestose, indicating that these sugar alcohol-type sweeteners have potential prebiotic functions. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the direct effects of commonly used sweeteners on the functions of the human gut microbiome using a functional metaproteomics approach, improving our understanding of the roles of sweeteners on microbiome-associated human health and disease issues.
Genome assembly, structural variants, and genetic differentiation between Lake Whitefish young species pairs (Coregonus sp.) with long and short reads
Authors: Mérot Claire , Stenløkk Kristina S R , Venney Clare , Laporte Martin , Moser Michel , Normandeau Eric , Árnyasi Mariann , Kent Matthew , Rougeux Clément , Flynn Jullien M. , Lien Sigbjørn , Bernatchez Louis
Published: January 2022

Nascent pairs of ecologically differentiated species offer an opportunity to get a better glimpse at the genetic architecture of speciation. Of particular interest is our recent ability to consider a wider range of genomic variants, not only single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), thanks to long-read sequencing technology. We can now identify structural variants (SVs) like insertions, deletions, and other rearrangements, allowing further insights into the genetic architecture of speciation and how different types of variants are involved in species differentiation. Here, we investigated genomic patterns of differentiation between sympatric species pairs (Dwarf and Normal) belonging to the Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) species complex. We assembled the first reference genomes for both C. clupeaformis sp. Normal and C. clupeaformis sp. Dwarf, annotated the transposable elements, and analysed the genomes in the light of related coregonid species. Next, we used a combination of long-read and short-read sequencing to characterize SVs and genotype them at population-scale using genome-graph approaches, showing that SVs cover five times more of the genome than SNPs. We then integrated both SNPs and SVs to investigate the genetic architecture of species differentiation in two different lakes and highlighted an excess of shared outliers of differentiation. In particular, a large fraction of SVs differentiating the two species correspond to insertions or deletions of transposable elements (TEs), suggesting that TE accumulation may represent a key component of genetic divergence between the Dwarf and Normal species. Altogether, our results suggest that SVs may play an important role in speciation and that, by combining second and third generation sequencing, we now have the ability to integrate SVs into speciation genomics.
Multiple parameters shape the 3D chromatin structure of single nuclei
Authors: Götz Markus , Messina Olivier , Espinola Sergio , Fiche Jean-Bernard , Nollmann Marcelo
Published: January 2022

The spatial organization of chromatin at the scale of topologically associating domains (TADs) and below displays large cell-to-cell variations. Up until now, how this heterogeneity in chromatin conformation is shaped by chromatin condensation, TAD insulation, and transcription has remained mostly elusive. Here, we used Hi-M, a multiplexed DNA-FISH imaging technique providing developmental timing and transcriptional status, to show that the emergence of TADs at the ensemble level partially segregates the conformational space explored by single nuclei during the early development of Drosophila embryos. Surprisingly, a substantial fraction of nuclei displayed strong insulation even before TADs emerged. Moreover, active transcription within a TAD led to minor changes to the local inter- and intra-TAD chromatin conformation in single nuclei and only weakly affected insulation to the neighboring TAD. Overall, our results indicate that multiple parameters contribute to shaping the chromatin architecture of single nuclei at the TAD scale.
Escherichia coli response to subinhibitory concentration of Colistin: Insights from study of membrane dynamics and morphology
Authors: Ponmalar Ilanila Ilangumaran , Swain Jitendriya , Basu Jaydeep K.
Published: January 2022

Prevalence of wide spread bacterial infections bring forth a critical need in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the antibiotics as well as the bacterial response to those antibiotics. Improper usage of antibiotics, which can be in sub-lethal concentrations is one among the multiple reasons for acquiring antibiotic resistance which makes it vital to understand the bacterial response towards sub-lethal concentrations of antibiotics. In this work, we have used colistin, a well-known membrane active antibiotic used to treat severe bacterial infections and explored the impact of its sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on the lipid membrane dynamics and morphological changes of E. coli. Upon investigation of live cell membrane properties such as lipid dynamics using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we observed that colistin disrupts the lipid membrane at sub-MIC by altering the lipid diffusivity. Interestingly, filamentation-like cell elongation was observed upon colistin treatment which led to further exploration of surface morphology with the help of atomic force spectroscopy. The changes in the surface roughness upon colistin treatment provides additional insight on the colistin-membrane interaction corroborating with the altered lipid diffusion. Although altered lipid dynamics could be attributed to an outcome of lipid rearrangement due to direct disruption by antibiotic molecules on the membrane or an indirect consequence of disruptions in lipid biosynthetic pathways, we were able to ascertain that altered bacterial membrane dynamics is due to direct disruptions. Our results provide a broad overview on the consequence of the cyclic polypeptide, colistin on membrane specific lipid dynamics and morphology of a live Gram-negative bacterial cell.
The role of finance in the sales and operations planning process: a multiple case study
Authors: Seeling Marcelo , Kreuter Tobias , Scavarda Luiz Felipe , Thomé Antonio Márcio Tavares , Hellingrath Bernd
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to offer evidence-based findings on the under-researched role of finance in the sales and operations planning (S&OP) process, aiming to guide academics and practitioners towards successful S&OP implementations.

Design/methodology/approach

The research builds upon a multiple case study, embracing five Latin American subsidiaries of four global manufacturing corporations from the consumer goods, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Following an exploratory approach, the case study results are analysed in within- and cross-case analyses.

Findings

The research findings are synthesised into a framework, demonstrating relevant benefits from the engagement of finance along the S&OP process and the implications of its interactions with traditional S&OP functions as sales, marketing and operations. The paper shows how finance adds value in supporting the process, enabling decisions on costs, margins, capital expenditures and return on investments. Finance strengthens S&OP when assessing demand- and supply-related risks and facilitates comparing the functional business areas' plans to budget. While finance participation is highlighted as necessary for supporting successful S&OP implementations, it also receives valuable inputs in return, characterising a two-way communication role that benefits the entire organisation.

Originality/value

This is the first research paper focusing on empirically exploring the role of finance within S&OP, going beyond initial insights from practice and academia. It provides practitioners and scholars with an in-depth, evidence-based view of finance's integration along the S&OP process.
University accelerators and entrepreneurship education in Australia: substantive and symbolic motives
Authors: Maritz Alex , Nguyen Quan Anh , Shrivastava Abhinav , Ivanov Sergey
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the status of university accelerators (UAs) in Australia, expanding a similar paper on related entrepreneurship education (EE) in 2019. The aim is to review neoteric global best practice UA, aligning context and specific inference to the impact of UAs in Australia.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors introduce an iterative and emergent inquiry into multi-method research, including a quantitative examination of Australian UAs, Leximancer algorithmic analyses of entrepreneurial strategic intent and narratives from best practice applications.

Findings

The paper highlights the sparse and inconsistent distribution across UAs in Australia, further characterized by significant symbolic motives of operation. Furthermore, the integration of EE evidenced on global UA is not as evident in Australia, highlighting outcomes more specific to the success of nascent (student) startups as opposed to educational outcomes.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations include the availability and accuracy of online documents and data, although implications have been mitigated using multi-method research design.

Practical implications

Despite the provision of critical grounding for practitioners and researchers in developing UAs, further research is recommended regarding the efficacy and impact of these accelerators.

Originality/value

This study is the first multi-methods emergent inquiry into UAs in Australia, coupled with integration of EE. The authors provide guidelines and inferences for researchers, educators, policymakers and practitioners alike as they seek to explore and act upon the impact of UAs.
Intention to adopt cryptocurrency: a robust contribution of trust and the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Soomro Bahadur Ali , Shah Naimatullah , Abdelwahed Nadia A. Abdelmegeed
Published: January 2022

Purpose

At present, the adoption of cryptocurrency investment has brought consideration to the globe. The present paper attempts to investigate the intention to adopt cryptocurrency (IACR) among the potential investors of Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is applied to underpin the conceptual framework. The study uses a quantitative approach. The study collects cross-sectional data through an online survey questionnaire. In the last, the authors utilized 334 samples for outcomes.

Findings

Findings of the SEM reveal a significant positive effect of attitude, subjective norms (SNs), perceived behavioral control (PBC) and trust on IACR.

Practical implications

The outcomes of an investigation would develop further intention and trust towards cryptocurrency adoption. The results would support developing favorable policies regarding the reduction of the ban on cryptocurrency in Pakistan to make easier transactions of the investors further. Possibly, it brings several opportunities in all segments of society in making the digital transaction modes through cryptocurrency. Finally, the findings would further validate the TPB in the context of cryptocurrency.

Originality/value

The study provides a better understanding of cryptocurrency and investors IACR. The empirical evidence further develops the other individuals' intentions towards cryptocurrency usage.
Burden and benefits-related suicides: “misperception” or state crafted reality?
Authors: Mills China
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This article aims to focus on deaths by suicide in relation to UK welfare reform as a case study to question one of suicidology’s most dominant theories – the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (Joiner, 2005) and its influential ideas on “perceived burdensomeness” – as well as wider ideologies on suicide and mental health reflected in this approach.

Design/methodology/approach

This article draws on evidence from disabled people’s campaigning groups (primary sources) and research literature (secondary sources), which shows the negative psychological impact of burden discourse and how this shows up in people’s accounts of feeling suicidal, in suicide notes and in family accounts of those who have died by suicide. It uses this evidence to problematise the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (Joiner, 2005), specifically its ideas about “burden” as an individual misperception, and the assumption that suicide is always the outcome of mental health problems.

Findings

The findings highlight the systemic, intersectional and cumulative production of suicidality by governmental “welfare reform” in the UK, through positioning welfare claimants as “burdens” on society. They show that by locating the problem of burdensomeness in individual “misperceptions”, the Interpersonal Theory allows the government’s role in crafting stigmatisation and conditions of suicidality to be overlooked and to be reproduced.

Originality/value

The article raises urgent ethical questions about the application of approaches, such as the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, to benefits-related suicides and calls for approaches to benefits-related harm and suicide to be rooted in social and disability justice.