bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological and cannabinoid responses of hemp (Cannabis sativa) to rock phosphate dust under tropical conditions
Authors: De Prato Luca , Ansari Omid , Hardy Giles E. S. J. , Howieson John , O’Hara Graham , Ruthrof Katinka X.
Published: March 2023

Growing a high-value crop such as industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in post-mining environments is economically and environmentally attractive but faces a range of biotic and abiotic challenges. An opportunity to investigate the cultivation of C. sativa presented itself as part of post-mining activities on Christmas Island (Australia) to profitably utilise disused phosphate (PS) quarries. Challenges to plant growth and cadmium (Cd) uptake were addressed in this study using potted plants under fully controlled conditions in a growth chamber. A complete nutritional spectrum, slow-release fertiliser was applied to all plants as a control treatment, and two levels of rock PS dust, a waste product of PS mining that contains 35% phosphorus (P) and 40 ppm of naturally occurring Cd, were applied at 54 and 162 g L−1. After 12 weeks, control plants (no PS dust) significantly differed in phenological development, with no flower production, lower aboveground biomass and reduced photosynthesis efficiency than those with P applied as rock dust. Compared with the controls, the 54 g L−1 level of P dust increased shoot biomass by 38%, while 162 g L−1 increased shoot biomass by 85%. The concentration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol also increased with the higher P levels. Cd uptake from PS dust by C. sativa was substantial and warrants further investigation. However, there was no increase in Cd content between the 54 and 162 g L−1 application rates in seed and leaf. Results indicate that hemp could become a high-value crop on Christmas Island, with the readily available rock PS dust providing a source of P.
IX International Conference on Forest Fire Research and 17th International Wildland Fire Safety Summit: introduction to special issue (Part 2)
Authors: Almeida Miguel , Viegas Domingos Xavier , Ribeiro Luís Mário
Published: March 2023

The ninth International Conference on Forest Fire Research, together with the 17th International Wildland Fire Safety Summit was held in November 2022. This joint conference brought together several hundred presentations in the field of wildfire research. This special issue of the International Journal of Wildland Fire includes several papers describing work presented at the conference. Due to the large number and variety of papers submitted, the special issue is being published in several parts. Part 1 of the special issue was published, in January 2023, with a set of eight papers. This Foreword to Part 2 of the special issue introduces 10 new papers on various topics that include: modelling of ignition probability, fire behaviour modelling, wildfire hazard mapping, fire management policies, imagery and mapping, and wildland–urban interface. All papers in the special issue are published Open Access.
Disruption of energetic and dynamic base pairing cooperativity in DNA duplexes by an abasic site
Authors: Ashwood Brennan , Jones Michael S. , Ferguson Andrew L. , Tokmakoff Andrei
Published: March 2023

DNA duplex stability arises from cooperative interactions between multiple adjacent nucleotides that favor base pairing and stacking when formed as a continuous stretch rather than individually. Lesions and nucleobase modifications alter this stability in complex manners that remain challenging to understand despite their centrality to biology. Here, we investigate how an abasic site destabilizes small DNA duplexes and reshapes base pairing dynamics and hybridization pathways using temperature-jump infrared spectroscopy and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We show how an abasic site splits the cooperativity in a short duplex into two segments, which destabilizes small duplexes as a whole and enables metastable half-dissociated configurations. Dynamically, it introduces an additional barrier to hybridization by constraining the hybridization mechanism to a step-wise process of nucleating and zipping a stretch on one side of the abasic site and then the other.
Stunning of neutrophils accounts for the anti-inflammatory effects of clodronate liposomes
Authors: Culemann Stephan , Knab Katharina , Euler Maximilien , Wegner Anja , Garibagaoglu Hilal , Ackermann Jochen , Fischer Kim , Kienhöfer Deborah , Crainiciuc Georgiana , Hahn Jonas , Grüneboom Anika , Nimmerjahn Falk , Uderhardt Stefan , Hidalgo Andrés , Schett Georg , Hoffmann Markus H. , Krönke Gerhard
Published: March 2023

Clodronate liposomes (Clo-Lip) have been widely used to deplete mononuclear phagocytes (MoPh) to study the function of these cells in vivo. Here, we revisited the effects of Clo-Lip together with genetic models of MoPh deficiency, revealing that Clo-Lip exert their anti-inflammatory effects independent of MoPh. Notably, not only MoPh but also polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) ingested Clo-Lip in vivo, which resulted in their functional arrest. Adoptive transfer of PMN, but not of MoPh, reversed the anti-inflammatory effects of Clo-Lip treatment, indicating that stunning of PMN rather than depletion of MoPh accounts for the anti-inflammatory effects of Clo-Lip in vivo. Our data highlight the need for a critical revision of the current literature on the role of MoPh in inflammation.
The interweaved signatures of common-gamma-chain cytokines across immunologic lineages
Authors: Baysoy Alev , Seddu Kumba , Salloum Tamara , Dawson Caleb A. , Lee Juliana J. , Yang Liang , Gal-oz Shani , Ner-Gaon Hadas , Tellier Julie , Millan Alberto , Sasse Alexander , Brown Brian , Lanier Lewis L. , Shay Tal , Nutt Stephen , Dwyer Daniel , Benoist Christophe ,   The Immunological Genome Project Consortium
Published: March 2023

“γc” cytokines are a family whose receptors share a “common-gamma-chain” signaling moiety, and play central roles in differentiation, homeostasis, and communications of all immunocyte lineages. As a resource to better understand their range and specificity of action, we profiled by RNAseq the immediate-early responses to the main γc cytokines across all immunocyte lineages. The results reveal an unprecedented landscape: broader, with extensive overlap between cytokines (one cytokine doing in one cell what another does elsewhere) and essentially no effects unique to any one cytokine. Responses include a major downregulation component and a broad Myc-controlled resetting of biosynthetic and metabolic pathways. Various mechanisms appear involved: fast transcriptional activation, chromatin remodeling, and mRNA destabilization. Other surprises were uncovered: IL2 effects in mast cells, shifts between follicular and marginal zone B cells, paradoxical and cell-specific cross-talk between interferon and γc signatures, or an NKT-like program induced by IL21 in CD8+ T cells.
Reduced-variance orientational distribution functions from torque sampling
Authors: Renner Johannes , Schmidt Matthias , de las Heras Daniel
Published: March 2023

We introduce a method to sample the orientational distribution function in computer simulations. The method is based on the exact torque balance equation for classical many-body systems of interacting anisotropic particles in equilibrium. Instead of the traditional counting of events, we reconstruct the orientational distribution function via an orientational integral of the torque acting on the particles. We test the torque sampling method in two- and three-dimensions, using both Langevin dynamics and overdamped Brownian dynamics, and with two interparticle interaction potentials. In all cases the torque sampling method produces profiles of the orientational distribution function with better accuracy than those obtained with the traditional counting method. The accuracy of the torque sampling method is independent of the bin size, and hence it is possible to resolve the orientational distribution function with arbitrarily small angular resolutions.
Imaging and reconstruction of positive streamer discharge tree structures
Authors: Dijcks Siebe , der Leegte Martijn van , Nijdam Sander
Published: March 2023

Streamer discharges often exhibit branching, which can greatly affect their behavior and will lead to so-called streamer trees. In this work we present a methodology for investigating the structure of a streamer discharge tree by means of advanced imaging techniques. Stereoscopic and stroboscopic techniques augment the images with depth perception and temporal information relevant to study the inherently stochastic three-dimensional and transient streamers. A semi-automated post processing algorithm is developed to make a reconstruction of the streamer discharge tree formation. This results in a tree of streamer segments, separated by branching events, where velocities, diameters and trajectories are used to characterize the morphology. The workings of the algorithm is detailed using an exemplar measurement series of positive streamers in synthetic air at 233 mbar.
Preliminary design optimization of a fully superconducting motor based on disk-up-down-assembly magnets
Authors: Wang Rui , Liu Yingzhen , Cao Jiwei , Li Liyi , Liu Xiaokun , Xue Haida , Arndt Tabea
Published: March 2023

The transition to electric propulsion for aircraft provides an effective way to reduce fuel consumption and achieves low-carbon aviation. Due to the advantages of high magnetic field and ultra-compactness of superconducting disk-up-down-assembly (‘DUDA’) magnets, they have a promising use in superconducting motors. Therefore, this paper presents a design of a fully superconducting motor using superconducting DUDA magnets with Halbach arrays. In order to study the feasibility of the superconducting DUDA magnets in electric motors, preliminary studies of two sets of 4-layer superconducting DUDA magnets were carried out. The manufacturing method with lap joints of the DUDA magnets was proposed and then the manufactured magnets were tested in liquid nitrogen. The contact resistance and critical current at each lap joint have been calculated and the magnetic field distribution of the magnets has been measured. The magnetic fields of the magnets were also verified by simulation and then the magnets were scaled up in size to meet the magnetic field magnitude for the motor. It has been proved that the DUDA magnets can generate a constant magnetic field above 1.11 T along the x-axis without iron materials, which meets the requirements of motors. Based on the analysis of electromagnetic performance, the structural parameters of the superconducting DUDA magnets were optimized with different pole-slot number combination in order to obtain higher efficiency and specific power density. To calculate the efficiency, finite element models in Comsol evaluated the AC losses of the superconducting DUDA magnets. By changing the slot type and winding configuration, the optimized motor is able to achieve a specific power density of 11.55 kW kg−1 with an efficiency of 98% at 30 K.
Exploring quantum phase transitions by the cross derivative of the ground state energy
Authors: Wu H Y , Tzeng Yu-Chin , Xie Z Y , Ji K , Yu J F
Published: March 2023

In this work, the cross derivative of the Gibbs free energy, initially proposed for phase transitions in classical spin models (Chen et al 2020 Phys. Rev. B 101 165123), is extended for quantum systems. We take the spin-1 XXZ chain with anisotropies as an example to demonstrate its effectiveness and convenience for the Gaussian-type quantum phase transitions therein. These higher-order transitions are very challenging to determine by conventional methods. From the cross derivative with respect to the two anisotropic strengths, a single valley structure is observed clearly in each system size. The finite-size extrapolation of the valley depth shows a perfect logarithmic divergence, signaling the onset of a phase transition. Meanwhile, the critical point and the critical exponent for the correlation length are obtained by a power-law fitting of the valley location in each size. The results are well consistent with the best estimations in the literature. Its application to other quantum systems with continuous phase transitions is also discussed briefly.
Dymnikova-Schwinger traversable wormholes
Authors: Estrada Milko , Muniz C.R.
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we obtain new d-dimensional and asymptotically flat wormhole solutions by assuming a specific form of the energy density distribution. This is addressed by considering the generalization of the so-called Dymnikova model, originally studied in the context of regular black holes. In this way, we find constraints for the involved parameters, namely, the throat radius, the scale associated to the matter distribution, and the spacetime dimension, to build those wormholes. Following, we study the properties of the obtained solutions, namely, embedding diagrams as well as Weak and Null Energy Conditions (WEC and NEC). We show that the larger the dimension, the larger the flatness of the wormhole and the more pronounced the violation of these energy conditions. We also show that the corresponding fluid behaves as phantom-like for d ≥ 4 in the neighborhood of the wormhole throat. In addition, we specialize the employed model for d = 4 spacetime, associating it with the gravitational analog of the Schwinger effect in a vacuum and correcting the model by introducing a minimal length via Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). Thus, we obtain a novel traversable and asymptotically flat wormhole solution by considering that the minimal length is very tiny. The associated embedding diagram shows us that the presence of this fundamental quantity increases the slope of the wormhole towards its throat compared with the case without it. That correction also attenuates the WEC (and NEC) violations nearby the throat, with the fluid ceasing to be a phantom-type at the Planck scale, unlike the case without the minimal length.
Responsiveness of temperature using tunable dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser
Authors: Zamri A Z M , Zalkepali N U H H , Awang N A , Mustafa M K , Mahmud N N H E N , Muhammad N A M
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a responsiveness temperature based on a tunable dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Experiments have been carried out with tunable dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser by using graphite as a saturable absorber, which is incorporated in the two fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) as a sensing element. Both FBG 1 and FBG 2 have a central wavelength of 1550 nm and 1551 nm, respectively. The optical spectral and RF signals are proven observed during the temperature change. The results from optical spectra demonstrate the measured temperature has good linearity, where the slope of the graph is thus the temperature sensitivity of 1550 nm FBG. The R2 value of the graph is 0.965 and the value of temperature sensitivity is 0.0064 nm °C−1. For FBG 2 as the sensing element, the R2 value of the graph is 0.9751 and the value of temperature sensitivity is 0.0068 nm °C−1. In addition, the repetition rate is almost linear with the temperature change, giving the correlation factor of R2 value of FBG 1 and FBG 2 are 0.8118 and 0.9046, respectively. The experimental results prove the feasibility of the proposed temperature sensor.
Novel GaN-based double-channel p-heterostructure field-effect transistors with a p-GaN insertion layer
Authors: Niu 牛 Xuerui 雪锐 , Hou 侯 Bin 斌 , Zhang 张 Meng 濛 , Yang 杨 Ling 凌 , Wu 武 Mei 玫 , Zhang 张 Xinchuang 新创 , Jia 贾 Fuchun 富春 , Wang 王 Chong 冲 , Ma 马 Xiaohua 晓华 , Hao 郝 Yue 跃
Published: March 2023

GaN-based p-channel heterostructure field-effect transistors (p-HFETs) face significant constraints on on-state currents compared with n-channel high electron mobility transistors. In this work, we propose a novel double heterostructure which introduces an additional p-GaN insertion layer into traditional p-HFETs. The impact of the device structure on the hole densities and valence band energies of both the upper and lower channels is analyzed by using Silvaco TACD simulations, including the thickness of the upper AlGaN layer and the doping impurities and concentration in the GaN buffer layer, as well as the thickness and Mg-doping concentration in the p-GaN insertion layer. With the help of the p-GaN insertion layer, the C-doping concentration in the GaN buffer layer can be reduced, while the density of the two-dimensional hole gas in the lower channel is enhanced at the same time. This work suggests that a double heterostructure with a p-GaN insertion layer is a better approach to improve p-HFETs compared with those devices with C-doped buffer layer alone.
Revising the H2
16O line-shape parameters around 1.1 μm based on the speed-dependent Nelkin–Ghatak profile and
the Hartmann–Tran profile
Authors: Zhang 张 Hui 惠 , Zheng 郑 Jianjie 健捷 , Liu 刘 Qiang 强 , Zhu 朱 Wenyue 文越 , Qian 钱 Xianmei 仙妹 , Jiang 江 Guisheng 贵生 , Zha 查 Shenlong 申龙 , Zhang 张 Qilei 启磊 , Ma 马 Hongliang 宏亮
Published: March 2023

Accurate spectroscopic data for H2
16O in the 1.1 μm region are particularly important for the study of Earth’s atmosphere. The pure water vapor molecular spectra were measured based on direct laser absorption spectroscopy using a narrow line-width external cavity diode laser combined with a high-precision Fabry–Pérot etalon. A total of 31 H2
16O transitions were studied for the first time by using the speed-dependent Nelkin–Ghatak profile and the Hartmann–Tran profile. From an accurate line-shape analysis, we obtained the line intensities and the self-broadening coefficients, and they are compared with the available data reported in the HITRAN 2016 database and the HITRAN 2020 database. Finally, we obtained information on the influence of Dicke narrowing, as well as the correlations between Dicke narrowing and speed dependence, and of speed-dependent effects.
Modulated optical and ferroelectric properties in a lateral structured ferroelectric/semiconductor van der Waals heterojunction
Authors: Chen 陈 Shanshan 珊珊 , Zhang 张 Xinhao 新昊 , Wang 王 Guangcan 广灿 , Chen 陈 Shuo 朔 , Ma 马 Heqi 和奇 , Sun 孙 Tianyu 天瑜 , Man 满 Baoyuan 宝元 , Yang 杨 Cheng 诚
Published: March 2023

Modulation between optical and ferroelectric properties was realized in a lateral structured ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS)/semiconductor MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop area was modulated by the optical field. Two types of photodetection properties can be realized in a device by changing the ON and OFF states of the ferroelectric layer. The device was used as a photodetector in the OFF state but not in the ON state. The higher tunnelling electroresistance (∼1.4 × 104) in a lateral structured ferroelectric tunnelling junction was crucial, and it was analyzed and modulated by the barrier height and width of the ferroelectric CIPS/semiconductor MoS2 Schottky junction. The new parameter of the ferroelectric hysteresis loop area as a function of light intensity was introduced to analyze the relationship between the ferroelectric and photodetection properties. The proposed device has potential application as an optoelectronic sensory cell in the biological nervous system or as a new type of photodetector.
Inference of interactions between players based on asynchronously updated evolutionary game data
Authors: Zeng Hong-Li , Jing Bo , Wang Yu-Hao , Qin Shao-Meng
Published: March 2023

The interactions between players of the prisoner’s dilemma game are inferred using observed game data. All participants play the game with their counterparts and gain corresponding rewards during each round of the game. The strategies of each player are updated asynchronously during the game. Two inference methods of the interactions between players are derived with naïve mean-field (nMF) approximation and maximum log-likelihood estimation (MLE), respectively. Two methods are tested numerically also for fully connected asymmetric Sherrington–Kirkpatrick models, varying the data length, asymmetric degree, payoff, and system noise (coupling strength). We find that the mean square error of reconstruction for the MLE method is inversely proportional to the data length and typically half (benefit from the extra information of update times) of that by nMF. Both methods are robust to the asymmetric degree but work better for large payoffs. Compared with MLE, nMF is more sensitive to the strength of couplings and prefers weak couplings.
Helical particle manipulation based on power-exponent-phase acoustic vortices generated by a sector transducer array
Authors: Wang Qingdong , Hu Yantao , Wang Shengli , Li Hongyu
Published: March 2023

The characteristics of traditional acoustic vortices (AVs) were verified by the cross-sectional axisymmetric pressure distributions with perfect phase spirals around the center pressure null. In order to generate a non-axisymmetric pressure distribution, the concept of power-exponent-phase was first introduced into the formation of AV beams, named “power-exponent-phase acoustic vortices (PAVs)” in this paper. Based on a ring-array of sector transducers, the helical distribution of the low-pressure valley in cross-sections of PAVs, which enables particles to move from a distant position to the center low-potential well along a certain spiral passageway, was proved theoretically. The particle manipulation behavior for PAVs with a power order of 2 is numerically modeled and experimentally confirmed. The results show that PAVs with a non-axisymmetric spiral pressure distribution can be used to realize the directional transport of particles in an enlarged scope, suggesting prospective application potential in biomedical engineering.
Gate-controlled localization to delocalization transition of flat band wavefunction in twisted monolayer–bilayer graphene
Authors: Li Siyu , Wang Zhengwen , Xue Yucheng , Cao Lu , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Gao Hongjun , Mao Jinhai
Published: March 2023

Twisted graphene systems with flat bands have attracted much attention for they are excellent platforms to research novel quantum phases. Recently, transport measurements about twisted monolayer–bilayer graphene (tMBG) have shown the existence of correlated states and topological states in this system. However, the direct observations of the band structures and the corresponding spatial distributions are still not sufficient. Here we show that the distributions of flat bands in tMBG host two different modes by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/S). By tuning our tMBG device from the empty filling state to the full filling state through the back gate, we observe that the distributions of two flat bands develop from localized mode to delocalized mode. This gate-controlled flat band wavefunction polarization is unique to the tMBG system. Our work suggests that tMBG is promising to simulate both twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) and twisted double bilayer graphene (tDBG) and would be an ideal platform to explore novel moiré physics.
Generation of quasi-chirp-free isolated attosecond pulses from atoms under the action of orthogonal two-color combined pulse of fundamental frequency and higher intensity second harmonic fields
Authors: Yu Rui-Xian , Qiao Yue , Li Ping , Wang Jun , Chen Ji-Gen , Feng Wei , Guo Fu-Ming , Yang Yu-Jun
Published: March 2023

The intrinsic chirp of high-order harmonic generation is an important factor limiting the production of ultrashort attosecond pulses. Based on numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, the generation process of high-order harmonic from the He atom under the action of orthogonal two-color combined pulse of fundamental frequency and higher intensity second harmonic fields is studied. In this paper, we propose to achieve quasi-chirp-free isolated attosecond pulses by superimposing a higher second-harmonic field on the orthogonal direction of the fundamental frequency field. It is found that the high-energy part of its harmonic emission exhibits small chirp characteristics, which can be used to synthesize isolated attosecond pulses. Through the analysis of the wave packets evolution and the classical motion trajectories of the electron, it is demonstrated that the quasi-chirp-free harmonic can be attributed to the simultaneous return of electrons ionized at different times to the parent particle. The influence of the relative phase of the two pulses on the harmonics is further analyzed, and it is observed that this phenomenon is sensitive to the relative phase, but it can still generate isolated attosecond pulses within a certain phase.
High-order coupling of shear and sonic continua in JET plasmas
Authors: Rodrigues Paulo , Borba Duarte , Cella Francesca , Coelho Rui , Ferreira Jorge , Figueiredo António , Mantsinen Mervi , Nabais Fernando , Sharapov Sergei , Sirén Paula
Published: March 2023

A recent model coupling the shear-Alfvén and acoustic continua, which depends strongly on the equilibrium shaping and on elongation in particular, is employed to explain the properties of Alfvénic activity observed on JET plasmas below but close to the typical frequency of toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs). The frequency gaps predicted by the model result from high-order harmonics of the geodesic field-line curvature caused by plasma shaping (as opposed to lower-order toroidicity) and give rise to high-order geodesic acoustic eigenmodes (HOGAEs), their frequency value being close to one-half of the TAEs one. The theoretical predictions of HOGAE frequency and radial location are found to be in fair agreement with measurements in JET experiments, including magnetic, reflectometry and soft x-ray data. The stability of the observed HOGAEs is evaluated with the linear hybrid magnetohydrodynamic/drift-kinetic code CASTOR-K, taking into account the energetic-ion populations produced by neutral beam injection and ion cyclotron resonance heating systems. Wave-particle resonances, along with drive/damping mechanisms, are also discussed in order to understand the conditions leading to HOGAEs destabilisation in JET plasmas.
Probing non-linear MHD stability of the EDA H-mode in ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Cathey A. , Hoelzl M. , Gil L. , Dunne M.G. , Harrer G.F. , Huijsmans G.T.A. , Kalis J. , Lackner K. , Pamela S.J.P. , Wolfrum E. , Günter S. , Team the JOREK , Upgrade Team the ASDEX , MST1 Team the EUROfusion
Published: March 2023

Regimes of operation in tokamaks that are devoid of large edge localised modes have to be better understood to extrapolate their applicability to reactor-relevant devices. This paper describes non-linear extended magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that use an experimental equilibrium from an enhanced D-alpha (EDA) H-mode in ASDEX Upgrade. Linear ideal MHD analysis indicates that the operational point lies slightly inside of the stable region. The non-linear simulations with the visco-resistive extended MHD code, JOREK, sustain non-axisymmetric perturbations that are linearly most unstable with toroidal mode numbers of

n
=
{
6
…
9
}

, but non-linearly higher and lower n become driven and the low-n become dominant. The poloidal mode velocity during the linear phase is found to correspond to the expected velocity for resistive ballooning modes. The perturbations that exist in the simulations have somewhat smaller poloidal wavenumbers (

k
θ

∼
0.1

–

0.5
 

c

m

−
1

) than the experimental expectations for the quasi-coherent mode in EDA, and cause non-negligible transport in both the heat and particle channels. In the transition from linear to non-linear phase, the mode frequency chirps down from approximately 35 kHz to 13 kHz, which corresponds approximately to the lower end of frequencies that are typically observed in EDA H-modes in ASDEX Upgrade.
Suggested icosahedral states in 208Pb
Authors: Heusler Andreas
Published: March 2023

The known 6+ yrast and 12+ yrare states are recognized as members of an icosa-hedral rotational band. The 18+ state at 8813 keV is newly identified as icosahedral rotor.
Cluster structure of light nuclei
Authors: Iachello Francesco
Published: March 2023

The cluster structure ofkαnuclei withk=2, 3, 4 (8Be,12C,16O) is briefly reviewed. Recent work on20Ne (k=5) is presented. Current work on systemskα+xneutrons or protons,x=1 (9Be,9B;13C,13N;21Ne,21Na) is summarized.
Three-nucleon transfer mechanisms in the reaction induced by 30 MeV 3He on 9Be
Authors: Urazbekov Bakytzhan
Published: March 2023

In this work, the mechanisms of the three-nucleon cluster transfer in the nuclear reaction 3He(9Be, 6Be)6He are studied. The theoretical model suggests that three neutrons are transferred through two-step transfer mechanisms: n-2n and 2n-n. At the same time, the transfer of the 3He cluster in this nuclear reaction goes through inverse kinematics. The Coupled reaction channels (CRC) method is applied for the theoretical analysis of the nuclear reaction. The spectroscopic amplitudes for overlap function included in calculations of one-step and two-step reactions have been extracted. Comparisons of the obtained amplitudes with other sources are given. Calculation of the resulting model for the differential cross section of the reaction 3He(9Be, 6Be)6He shows good agreement with experimental data under the condition of factorization of certain overlap functions.
Multi-channel experimental and theoretical approach to study the 12C(18O,18F)12B single charge exchange reaction
Authors: Spatafora A , Carbone D , Cappuzzello F , Cavallaro M , Acosta L , Agodi C , Amador-Valenzuela P , Borello-Lewin T , Brischetto G A , Calabrese S , Calvo D , Capirossi V , Chávez-Lomelí E R , Ciraldo I , De Gregorio G , Delaunay F , Djapo H , Eke C , Finocchiaro P , Firat S , Fisichella M , Foti A , Gargano A , Hacisalihoglu A , Iazzi F , La Fauci L , Lay J A , Linares R , Lubian J , Medina N , Moralles M , Oliveira J R B , Pakou A , Pandola L , Petrascu H , Pinna F , Russo G , Sgouros O , da Silveira M A G , Solakci S O , Soukeras V , Souliotis G , Torresi D , Tudisco S , Yildirim A , Zagatto V A B
Published: March 2023

The broad network of nuclear reactions populated in the 18O + 12C collision was studied to test the capability of state-of-art nuclear structure and reaction theories to describe both the direct and sequential components of the (18O, 18F) single charge exchange nuclear reaction. The experiment was performed using the 18O beam at 275 MeV incident energy produced by the K800 superconducting cyclotron and the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer at the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. A unique comprehensive and coherent theoretical calculation, able to describe the whole network of direct reactions, is the approach proposed for the first time to analyse this large set of experimental data. This holistic approach, applied both to the experimental and theoretical analysis, is the main feature and novelty of the work here presented.
ASPECT-BET: An sdd-SPECTrometer for BETa decay studies
Authors: Biassoni Matteo , Brofferio Chiara , Capelli Silvia , Cappuzzello Francesco , Carminati Marco , Cavallaro Manuela , Coraggio Luigi , Cremonesi Oliviero , Gregorio Giovanni De , Fiorini Carlo , Itaco Nunzio , Nava Andrea , Pozzi Stefano
Published: March 2023

We present the status of the ASPECT-BET (An sdd-SPECTrometer for BETa decay studies) project which is aimed at developing a new detection strategy to perform high-precision, high-accuracy measurements of the energy spectra of beta decays of interest for the physics community, in particular in the field of nuclear physics, double beta decay and reactor neutrinos. The aim is to exploit a relatively novel spectroscopic technique based on Silicon Drift Detectors. An SDD-spectrometer, equipped with all the ancillary detectors required to reject events with only a partial energy deposition in the main sensitive elements, will provide high-statistics and virtually zero-background data. In order to isolate and study the systematic uncertainties, the statistical error on the measured spectra has to be reduced to a negligible level, balancing source activity, measurement duration and background. Reliable and well understood Montecarlo simulations are a key component of this application, as they provide a model for the response functions of the spectrometer, to be deconvolved from the data in order to correctly reconstruct the original spectral shapes. Thanks to the flexibility of the SDD detector technology, the here presented spectrometer could be coupled to a variety of beta sources, ranging from nuclei deposited on the surface of SDDs to minimise source self-absorpion to short-lived isotopes created and collected at unstable isotope beams like ISOLDE at CERN or the exotic beams at LNS, Catania. The current status of the technology, as well as some preliminary sensitivity studies, are presented and discussed.
Study of fundamental symmetries in the few-nucleon systems
Authors: Viviani M.
Published: March 2023

In this contribution we present two studies of fundamental symmetries in light nuclei: the investigation of CP violation via the calculation of the electric dipole moments (EDMs) of the deuteron, 3H and 3He, and the possible existence of a new bosonic particle, the so-called X17, in the 3H(p, e
+
e
−)4He and 3He(n, e
+
e
−)4He reactions. The advantage to perform these investigations in few-nucleon systems is related to the possibility to compute accurate ab initio bound- and continuum-states wave functions using well established nuclear interactions. Therefore, if these effects are observed, they can be unambiguously related to underlying beyond Standard Model theories.
Core-proton coupled nature of the 11/2+ state in 131 Sb probed by lifetime measurements
Authors: Bottoni S. , Gamba E. R. , De Gregorio G. , Gargano A. , Leoni S. , Fornal B. , Brancadori N. , Ciconali G. , Crespi F. C. L. , Cieplicka-Oryńczak N. , Iskra L. W. , Colombi G. , Kim Y.H. , Köster U. , Michelagnoli C. , Dunkel F. , Esmaylzadeh A. , Gerhard L. , Jolie J. , Knafla L. , Ley M. , Régis J.-M. , Schomaker K. , Sferrazza M.
Published: March 2023

The structure of the

11

/

2
1
+

state in 131Sb was investigated at the LOHENGRIN spectrometer of Institut Laue-Langevin via neutron-induced fission of 235U and lifetime measurements, yielding

T

1
/
2

=
3
(
2
)

, at the edge of the sensitivity of the experimental method. This first result for the

11

/

2
1
+

state half-life in neutron-rich Sb isotopes provides a quadrupole reduced transition probability to the ground state of

B
(
E
2
)
=

1.4

−
0.6

+
1.5

W.u., very close to the

B
(
E
2
;

2
1
+

→

0
1
+

)

in 130Sn. Realistic shell-model calculations reproduce well both the experimental level scheme of 131Sb and the

B
(
E
2
;

11

/

2
1
+

→

7
/

2
1
+

)

value, indicting a dominant

2
+

(

130

Sn
)
⊗
π

g

7
/
2

core-proton coupled configuration for the

11

/

2
1
+

state.
Nuclear structure studies in mirror nuclei
Authors: Tonev D. , de Angelis G. , Deloncle I. , Goutev N. , De Gregorio G. , Pantaleev I. L. , Demerdjiev A. , Geleva E. , Dimitrov D. T. , Genchev S. G. , Lakov N. , Lalev V. L. , Yavahchova M.S.
Published: March 2023

The nuclear structure of the A=31 and A=47 mirror couples produced by two fusion evaporation reactions has been elaborated, utilizing the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Excited states in 31P and 31S were populated using the 1p and 1n exit channels, respectively, of the reaction 20Ne + 12C, while in 47Cr and 47V couple excited states were populated based on 28Si + 28Si reaction, as products of 2αn and 2αp exit channels. The A=31 mirror couple was studied utilizing Piave-Alpi accelerator of the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro with GASP multidetector array and for A=47 one - with the EUROBALL array using XTU Tandem also in Legnaro. In both cases the lifetime measurements in mirror couples at the same experiment open possibilities for investigations of isospin symmetry. Determined B(E1) strengths in the mirror nuclei 31P and 31S allow to extract the isoscalar component, which can reach up to 24% of the isovector one. The B(E1) values can be modeled by the Equation of motion method. In the case of A=47 mirror couple, the quadrupole moments can be described by shell-model calculations.
What can we learn from experiments with high-brilliance gamma beams?
Authors: Balabanski Dimiter L.
Published: March 2023

An overview of the main directions of present-day studies with quasimonochromatic γ beams is presented with an emphasis on the research opportunities which will be provided to the users at the Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility at Magurele near Bucharest. Experiments with γ beams at the extremes of high temperature and high neutron-to-proton ratios will be discussed. The opportunities for nuclear structure studies with γ rays with orbital angular momentum (OAM) are outlined and a few selected physics problems and classes of experiments, related to, e.g., changes of photonuclear cross sections in reactions with OAM photons, as well as the possibility to address nuclear excitations with higher multipolarity are discussed. The perspectives for studies of exotic nuclei within the Gamma Factory experiment at CERN are discussed, too.
Influence of Novel Electromagnetic Strengthening on Mechanical Properties of Spaceborne Elastic Components
Authors: Hua Xiong , Xiao Yong , Gao Xiang , Yang Zhao , Wang Lipeng , Wang Zicheng
Published: March 2023

Numerous elastic components are widely used in the power drive, vibration control, and pressure compensation of deployable antennas. Thus, the deployment and normal service of the antenna rely on the consistency and stability of their mechanical properties. They offer important support for deployable antenna products to meet the requirements of shape and surface accuracy. This study found that the electromagnetic field can improve the stiffness, hardness, and stability of the space-borne spring. In this experiment, the hardness variance distribution is reduced by 40.79%, the creep resistance is improved by 45.76% to 61.48%, and fatigue life is increased by 69%. With the enhancement of mechanical properties, the uniformity, consistency, and individual differences of the spring are improved. According to the observations of metallographic microstructure, fine grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening mainly contribute to the reinforcing effect. It is found that the electromagnetic field has an important influence on improving the performance stability and consistency of the space-borne elastic element structure, and this technology has great prospects in the future aerospace field.
Aerodynamic Heat Simulation Heating System Based on Fuzzy PID Control
Authors: Deng Ke , Li Jinpeng , Wang Gang , Zhang Guangming , Bai Zhiqing , Lv Xiaodong
Published: March 2023

Facing the problem of having trouble building an exact mathematical model for aerodynamic heat simulation heating system (AHSHS), the conventional PID is considered to have the characteristics of simple operation, easy parameter adjustment, and high accuracy, but it is sensitive to external disturbances and has a poor anti-interference ability. In this paper, the fuzzy PID scheme for AHSHS is introduced to conquer the above problems. Firstly, the affiliation functions are constructed according to the system output errors and deviation variations. Next, the fuzzy rule table is designed, and the parameter autotune of PID is implemented utilizing both fuzzy inference and inverse fuzzification. Finally, comparative analysis through simulation verifies that the fuzzy PID scheme is more advantageous.
Influence of different testing positions of sensors on the dynamic response of load sensing hydraulic systems
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Wei
Published: March 2023

This paper first introduced the load sensing hydraulic system and elaborated on its load feedback, pressure cut-off, and constant power control principles. Moreover, based on the response hysteresis of the load sensing hydraulic system in the actual commissioning of the project, this paper proposed the possible influence of the sensor on the response of the hydraulic system through troubleshooting analysis. Third, experiments were conducted to obtain the system dynamic response curves given different sensor positions and to prove the hypothesis. Meanwhile, the influence mechanism and improvement measures were analyzed. Finally, the optimal installation positions of the sensor based on different operating conditions were discussed.
Construction of the RMST Indicator System for Aeronautical Complex Equipment Based on Correlation Analysis and Fuzzy-rough Set Theory
Authors: Hu Gexi , Gong Feng , Liu Hengchang , Yao Fengming , Li Bo
Published: March 2023

To solve the problem of the lack of a scientific indicator system in the current RMST research of complex aeronautical equipment, we focused on the construction principle of science and followed the six principles, including objective, complete, workable, independent, significant, and dynamic. We have adopted subjective methods to collect the RMST of indicators in all aspects. Then the redundant indicators with large correlation coefficients were eliminated sequentially using correlation analysis, and the indicators that did not have a significant impact on the evaluation results were eliminated using fuzzy rough set theory. In order to avoid the redundancy of indicators while ensuring the retention of significant indicators, a scientific and concise RMST indicator system was finally constructed, which filled the gap of the current RMST indicator system for aeronautical complex equipment.
Relative Control Deployment Strategy of Continuous Low-thrust Satellites in Mage-constellation
Authors: Zhao Shuailong , Zhang Yasheng , Wang Yaru , Li Peng , XuanWang
Published: March 2023

The semimajor axis relative control strategy is mostly used in the deployment of mage-constellation satellites. This paper proposes the single orbit element relative control method and the multiple orbit elements relative control method. The first method accumulates the semimajor axis difference and the inclination difference in the time domain to generate the required difference at the Right Ascension of Ascending Node (RAAN) and calculates the mathematical limit to distinguish the high and low inclination when the energy consumption is the least. The second method uses the Hamilton function to deduce the motion characteristics of the satellite under continuous low-thrust, obtains the mathematical models of the optimal transfer of speed and inclination, speed and RAAN, and gives the continuous maneuver strategy of the small satellite. Finally, based on the TLE data of the Starlink satellite, an example is analyzed, and the two control strategies are simulated and compared. The simulation results show that the multi-orbit element simultaneous control is superior to the single-orbit element control in deployment efficiency, and the time cost is lower in engineering practice.
Long-lived Prptoplanetary disk Formation
Authors: Liu Xia , Xiao Lin , Zhang Li
Published: March 2023

Recently, protoplanetary disks around M dwarf stars have had longer ages than that typical protoplanetary disks. These long-lived protoplanetary disks imply that some protoplanetary disks suffer from a low-radiation. On the other hand, the host star’s masses around these protoplanetary disks are very low. We do not know whether long-lived protoplanetary disks can survive around stars with higher mass. In this work, we explore how protoplanetary disks lose their masses and how protoplanetary disk lifetimes dextral photoevaporation on host star mass. We find that only low-mass stars (< 0.5 M*) can host lone-lived protoplanetary disks (∼45 Myr). When star masses > 0.7 M*, the protoplanetary disk lifetimes drop below 45 Myr quickly because of the strong accretion and photoevaporation. The host stars with ∼2 M* may have protoplanetary disks with a lifetime of up to only 14 Myr. According to observations and our simulations, we consider that long-lived protoplanetary disks can only survive around M dwarf stars.
A Task Planning Algorithm for High-Mobility Satellites Based on Trajectory Splicing
Authors: Lu Meng , Fan Dongdong , Yu Linghui , Li Minghu
Published: March 2023

Natural disasters are global issues that have led to huge casualties and property losses. Satellite observation is one of the predominant methods of disaster monitoring, and high-mobility satellites can normally provide faster responses. A study of the high-mobility satellite task planning problem for global decentralized multi-target observation is conducted in this paper. First, a “trajectory-target” database composed of candidate trajectories and the corresponding visibilities of targets is established. Second, a splicing algorithm is devised to connect the individual trajectories as a whole so that the task planning problem can be converted to a combinational optimization problem of candidate trajectories. To solve the optimization problem, a heuristic algorithm is designed based on NSGA-II with a double-layer encoding structure and hybrid-heuristic mutation operators. The results presented at the end of the paper verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Study on vibro-acoustic performance of composite laminates under transient impact excitation
Authors: Wang Hongfu , Guo Hanhui , Wang Yu , Du Yuan , Cai Wangqiu
Published: March 2023

With the widespread use of composite structures in ship superstructures, their vibro-acoustic response under transient impact loads is of increasing concern. This paper studies the vibro-acoustic behavior of a carbon fibre reinforced composite laminate under transient impact excitation based on the time-domain hybrid FEM/BEM method. Firstly, the numerical method is verified through the model test of a homogeneous plate. Subsequently, the vibration and sound radiation characteristics of composite laminates are studied. It was found that the impact noise energy mainly concentrated in the low-frequency range of 10~200Hz, and the peak noise spectrum was 9dB lower than that of the steel plate. The variation of lay-up orientations causes differences in the structural properties of the laminates, resulting in differences in their vibro-acoustic radiation performance. In this study, the laminate with the [0°/90°]5s orthogonal lay-up scheme has better acoustic radiation performance under the impact load.
Research on Acoustic Reflection Characteristics of Typical Concave Body based on COMSOL
Authors: Zhang Shisong , Sun Xiaofang , Yao Zhongshan
Published: March 2023

In the design of an underwater acoustic imaging system, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (Snr) of the signal receiver and achieve good acoustic imaging results, it is necessary to discuss the acoustic focusing problem of the concave body. Based on COMSOL finite element analysis, this paper makes a comparative analysis of concave structures in several typical acoustic reflection modules, takes plane waves as the background sound field, analyses the acoustic reflection performance of typical concave structures at different wavelengths and angles of incidence, and studies the acoustic convergence effect under different concave structures, providing reference and help for further optimizing the design of acoustic imaging systems.
Study on vibro-acoustic characteristics of an adaptive piezoelectric locally resonant structure
Authors: Huang Anmin , Wang Minqing , Liao Daxiong , Guo Zhiwei
Published: March 2023

Adaptively reducing low-frequency broadband vibration and noise is a challenge in the engineering and needs to be resolved. A piezoelectric locally resonant structure with periodic piezoelectric units and shunt damping circuits of synthetic impedance was studied to provide an option to deal with the problem. The z-scores method was applied to identify the peak frequencies used in the setting of control parameters. The band-gap performance and vibro-acoustic response were analyzed based on the plane wave expansion method and finite element method, respectively. The results show that the considered locally resonant piezoelectric structure with the z-scores peak-detection method can adaptively suppress the vibration and acoustic radiation of the plate, providing an effective method to reduce vibration and noise in time-varying excitation situations.