bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Sociability in Angelman, Cornelia de Lange, Fragile X, Down and Rubinstein Taybi Syndromes and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Moss Joanna , Nelson Lisa , Powis Laurie , Waite Jane , Richards Caroline , Oliver Chris
Published: November 2016

Few comparative studies have evaluated the heterogeneity of sociability across a range of neurodevelopmental disorders. The Sociability Questionnaire for People with Intellectual Disability (SQID) was completed by caregivers of individuals with Cornelia de Lange (n = 98), Angelman (n = 66), Fragile X (n = 142), Down (n = 117) and Rubinstein Taybi (n = 88) syndromes and autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 107). Between groups and age-band (<12yrs; 12–18yrs; >18yrs) comparisons of SQID scores were conducted. Rates of behaviors indicative of selective mutism were also examined. Fragile X syndrome achieved the lowest SQID scores. Cornelia de Lange, ASD, and Fragile X groups scored significantly lower than Angelman, Down and Rubinstein Taybi groups. Selective mutism characteristics were highest in Cornelia de Lange (40%) followed by Fragile X (17.8%) and ASD (18.2%). Age-band differences were identified in Cornelia de Lange and Down syndrome.
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders Among Children With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Tonnsen Bridgette L. , Boan Andrea D. , Bradley Catherine C. , Charles Jane , Cohen Amy , Carpenter Laura A.
Published: November 2016

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often co-occur with intellectual disability (ID) and are associated with poorer psychosocial and family-related outcomes than ID alone. The present study examined the prevalence, stability, and characteristics of ASD estimates in 2,208 children with ASD and ID identified through the South Carolina Autism and Developmental Disabilities Network. The prevalence of ASD in ID was 18.04%, relative to ASD rates of 0.60%–1.11% reported in the general South Carolina population. Compared to children with ASD alone, those with comorbid ID exhibited increased symptom severity and distinct DSM-IV-TR profiles. Further work is needed to determine whether current screening, diagnostic, and treatment practices adequately address the unique needs of children and families affected by comorbid ASD and ID diagnoses.
Construct Validation of the Supports Intensity Scale – Children and Adult Versions: An Application of a Pseudo Multitrait-Multimethod Approach
Authors: Seo Hyojeong , Shogren Karrie A. , Little Todd D. , Thompson James R. , Wehmeyer Michael L.
Published: November 2016

This study examined the convergent validity of the Supports Intensity Scale – Adult Version (SIS-A; Thompson et al., 2015a) and Supports Intensity Scale – Children's Version (SIS-C; Thompson et al., 2016a). Data from SISOnline (n = 129,864) for the SIS-A and from the SIS-C standardization sample (n = 4,015) were used for analyses. Using a pseudo multitrait-multimethod model, we estimated observed support needs scores as shared trait (support needs concept) and method (type, frequency, and daily support time) variances. Overall, trait variances more strongly influenced support needs scores than method variances, supporting the convergent validity of both versions of SIS. Findings also suggested that each of three methods of measuring support needs uniquely contributed to observed support needs ratings although different patterns existed between the SIS-A and SIS-C.
A practical approach to remote ischemic preconditioning and ischemic preconditioning against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Totzeck Matthias , B. Hendgen-Cotta Ulrike , A. French Brent , Rassaf Tienush
Published: November 2016

Although urgently needed in clinical practice, a cardioprotective therapeutic approach against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury remains to be established. Remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) represent promising tools comprising three entities: the generation of a protective signal, the transfer of the signal to the target organ, and the response to the transferred signal resulting in cardioprotection. However, in light of recent scientific advances, many controversies arise regarding the efficacy of the underlying signaling. We here show methods for the generation of the signaling cascade by rIPC as well as IPC in a mouse model for in vivo myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury using highly reproducible approaches. This is accomplished by taking advantage of easily applicable preconditioning strategies compatible with the clinical setting. We describe methods for using laser Doppler perfusion imaging to monitor the cessation and recovery of perfusion in real time. The effects of preconditioning on cardiac function can also be assessed using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging approaches. On a cellular level, we confirm how tissue injury can be monitored using histological assessment of infarct size in conjunction with immunohistochemistry to assess both aspects in a single specimen. Finally, we outline, how the rIPC-associated signaling can be transferred to the target cell via conservation of the signal in the humoral (blood) compartment. This compilation of experimental protocols including a conditioning regimen comparable to the clinical setting should proof useful to both beginners and experts in the field of myocardial infarction, supplying information for the detailed procedures as well as troubleshooting guides.
La primera colonia escolar de vacaciones para niños pobres de las escuelas públicas madrileñas (1887)
Authors: Rodríguez Pérez Juan Félix
Published: November 2016

El estudio que presentamos es el resultado de una investigación histórica que pretende revalorizar la iniciativa de organización de las colonias escolares. En el último cuarto del siglo XIX, las condiciones de vida de una parte importante de la infancia en España fueron muy precarias. Un grupo de personas preocupadas por la regeneración de la sociedad española, agrupadas en torno a la Institución Libre de Enseñanza (ILE), lograron de los poderes públicos la fundación de un centro oficial: el Museo Pedagógico de Instrucción Primaria. Manuel B. Cossío, director del Museo y discípulo predilecto de Francisco Giner de los Ríos, con escasos recursos, pero con ilusión e imaginación, organizó de forma oficial en nuestro país la primera colonia escolar de vacaciones para niños pobres de las escuelas públicas madrileñas.La consulta de fuentes bibliográficas de primer orden nos ha permitido confirmar que, gracias a diversos apoyos económicos, oficiales y privados, se llevó a cabo la colonia en el verano de 1887. La planificación, organización y desarrollo de la iniciativa pasaba por poner en juego múltiples actividades educativas. Los excelentes resultados de la experiencia, en los aspectos físicos e intelectuales, encumbraron a la colonia escolar como modelo en su clase. La continuidad estaba garantizada, faltaba que otras instituciones y organizaciones se fueran sumando a la corriente colonial en nuestro territorio.
Carnaval y música en Salamanca en la primera década del s. XX a través de la prensa local
Authors: Álvarez García Francisco José
Published: November 2016

Las fiestas de Carnaval son sin duda una de las manifestaciones culturales más arraigadas en el contexto de la sociedad salmantina de finales del siglo XIX. Con la entrada del siglo XX, por diferentes circunstancias, muchas de las tradiciones se van perdiendo, desapareciendo con ellas murgas, comparsas y diferente tipología de agrupaciones instrumentales.El presente artículo resume, principalmente a través de la prensa local, las principales participaciones musicales, recogiendo las agrupaciones más relevantes en el panorama musical salmantino de la época y haciendo hincapié en el proceso de desaparición antes mencionado.
William Butler Yeats y Lennox Robinson ante el drama irlandés de crítica social: el cisne a la sombra del león
Authors: Osuna Osuna Teresa
Published: November 2016

Este artículo, que sigue el formato de una obra teatral estructurada en tres actos a modo de introducción, nudo y desenlace, tiene el fin de presentar el talento creador de dos personalidades imprescindibles para el Abbey Theatre en el contexto del drama de crítica social de la Irlanda de principios del siglo xx: William Butler Yeats y Lennox Robinson. El primero llega a la cima en el género de la poesía, percibiéndose y mitificándose su ingenio y su figura de tal forma que eclipsará al segundo durante el periodo que dura su estrecha relación. Ambos se convertirán en dos figuras dependientes la una de la otra, y uno de ellos permanecerá a la sombra del otro en la absoluta entrega de ambos a su teatro. Lennox Robinson finalmente introducirá en el Abbey Theatre la escuela del realismo, impulsada con éxito en el Continente por el dramaturgo noruego Henrik Ibsen. El recorrido por sus obras materializa la impronta realista de Robinson en el Abbey como oposición a la huella de Yeats, colocándose aquél a la vanguardia con sus dramas de crítica social y sus comedias satíricas, que supondrán su culminación como dramaturgo y su reconocimiento final, por parte de Yeats y de sus contemporáneos, como «Man of the Theatre».
Using domain-specific languages for analytic graph databases
Authors: Sevenich Martin , Hong Sungpack , van Rest Oskar , Wu Zhe , Banerjee Jayanta , Chafi Hassan
Published: November 2016

Recently graph has been drawing lots of attention both as a natural data model that captures fine-grained relationships between data entities and as a tool for powerful data analysis that considers such relationships. In this paper, we present a new graph database system that integrates a robust graph storage with an efficient graph analytics engine. Primarily, our system adopts two domain-specific languages (DSLs), one for describing graph analysis algorithms and the other for graph pattern matching queries. Compared to the API-based approaches in conventional graph processing systems, the DSL-based approach provides users with more flexible and intuitive ways of expressing algorithms and queries. Moreover, the DSL-based approach has significant performance benefits as well, (1) by skipping (remote) API invocation overhead and (2) by applying high-level optimization from the compiler.
dmapply
Authors: Ma Edward , Gupta Vishrut , Hsu Meichun , Roy Indrajit
Published: November 2016

Due to R's popularity as a data-mining tool, many distributed systems expose an R-based API to users who need to build a distributed application in R. As a result, data scientists have to learn to use different interfaces such as RHadoop, SparkR, Revolution R's ScaleR, and HPE's Distributed R. Unfortunately, these interfaces are custom, non-standard, and difficult to learn. Not surprisingly, R applications written in one framework do not work in another, and each backend infrastructure has spent redundant effort in implementing distributed machine learning algorithms.

Working with the members of R-core, we have created ddR (Distributed Data structures in R), a unified system that works across different distributed frameworks. In ddR, we introduce a novel programming primitive called dmapply that executes functions on distributed data structures. The dmapply primitive encapsulates different computation patterns: from function and data broadcast to pair-wise communication. We show that dmapply is powerful enough to express algorithms that fit the statistical query model, which includes many popular machine learning algorithms, as well as applications written in MapReduce. We have integrated ddR with many backends, such as R's single-node parallel framework, multi-node SNOW framework, Spark, and HPE Distributed R, with few or no modifications to any of these systems. We have also implemented multiple machine learning algorithms which are not only portable across different distributed systems, but also have performance comparable to the "native" implementations on the backends. We believe that ddR will standardize distributed computing in R, just like the SQL interface has standardized how relational data is manipulated.
LDBC graphalytics
Authors: Iosup Alexandru , Hegeman Tim , Ngai Wing Lung , Heldens Stijn , Prat-Pérez Arnau , Manhardto Thomas , Chafio Hassan , Capotă Mihai , Sundaram Narayanan , Anderson Michael , Tănase Ilie Gabriel , Xia Yinglong , Nai Lifeng , Boncz Peter
Published: November 2016

In this paper we introduce LDBC Graphalytics, a new industrial-grade benchmark for graph analysis platforms. It consists of six deterministic algorithms, standard datasets, synthetic dataset generators, and reference output, that enable the objective comparison of graph analysis platforms. Its test harness produces deep metrics that quantify multiple kinds of system scalability, such as horizontal/vertical and weak/strong, and of robustness, such as failures and performance variability. The benchmark comes with open-source software for generating data and monitoring performance. We describe and analyze six implementations of the benchmark (three from the community, three from the industry), providing insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the platforms. Key to our contribution, vendors perform the tuning and benchmarking of their platforms.
Hybrid row-column partitioning in teradata
®
Authors: Al-Kateb Mohammed , Sinclair Paul , Au Grace , Ballinger Carrie
Published: November 2016

Data partitioning is an indispensable ingredient of database systems due to the performance improvement it can bring to any given mixed workload. Data can be partitioned horizontally or vertically. While some commercial proprietary and open source database systems have one flavor or mixed flavors of these partitioning forms, Teradata Database offers a
unique
hybrid row-column store solution that seamlessly combines both of these partitioning schemes. The
key
feature of this hybrid solution is that either row, column, or combined partitions are all stored and handled in the same way internally by the underlying file system storage layer. In this paper, we present the main characteristics and explain the implementation approach of Teradata's row-column store. We also discuss query optimization techniques applicable specifically to partitioned tables. Furthermore, we present a performance study that demonstrates how different partitioning options impact the performance of various queries.
Nitro
Authors: Lakshman Sarath , Melkote Sriram , Liang John , Mayuram Ravi
Published: November 2016

We present Nitro, a high-performance in-memory key-value storage engine used in Couchbase 4.5 Global Secondary Indexes. The Nitro storage engine is well suited for the recent hardware trends like large amounts of memory and many CPU cores. The storage engine leverages latch-free data structures and tries to achieve linear scalability for the index read-write operations. The Nitro storage engine offers concurrent readers and writers, lightweight database snapshots, stable scan, backup and recovery operations.

We integrated Nitro into the Couchbase Global Secondary Indexes (GSI) and observed significant improvement in performance compared to our disk oriented storage engine configured with the same amount of memory for buffer cache. On a 32 core machine, we observed an end-to-end GSI server insertion throughput of 1,650,000 entries/sec and index update throughput of 822,000 entries/sec. A single instance of Nitro data structure running on a 40 core machine achieved a peak insertion throughput of 4 million index entries/sec and entry lookup throughput of 10 million lookups/sec.
Rudolf
Authors: Milo Tova , Novgorodov Slava , Tan Wang-Chiew
Published: November 2016

Credit card frauds
are unauthorized transactions that are made or attempted by a person or an organization that is not authorized by the card holders. In addition to machine learning-based techniques, credit card companies often employ domain experts to manually specify rules that exploit domain knowledge for improving the detection process. Over time, however, as new (fraudulent and legitimate) transaction arrive, these rules need to be updated and refined to capture the evolving (fraud and legitimate) activity patterns. The goal of the RUDOLF system that is demonstrated here is to guide and assist domain experts in this challenging task.

RUDOLF automatically determines a best set of candidate adaptations to existing rules to capture all fraudulent transactions and, respectively, omit all legitimate transactions. The proposed modifications can then be further refined by domain experts based on their domain knowledge, and the process can be repeated until the experts are satisfied with the resulting rules. Our experimental results on real-life datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach. We showcase RUDOLF with two demonstration scenarios: detecting credit card frauds and network attacks. Our demonstration will engage the VLDB audience by allowing them to play the role of a security expert, a credit card fraudster, or a network attacker.
Ziggy
Authors: Sellam Thibault , Kersten Martin
Published: November 2016

Data exploration has received much attention during the last few years. The aim is to learn interesting new facts from a possibly unfamiliar data set. Typically, explorers operate by trial and error: they write a query, inspect the results and refine their specifications accordingly. In this demo proposal, we present Ziggy, a system to help them understand their query results. Ziggy's aim is to complement an existing exploration system. It assumes that users already have a query in mind, but they do not know what is interesting about it. To assist them, it detects
characteristic views
, that is, small sets of columns on which the tuples in the results are different from those in the rest of the database. Thanks to these views, our explorers can understand why their selection is unique and make more informed exploration decisions.
Blaeu
Authors: Sellam Thibault , Cijvat Robin , Koopmanschap Richard , Kersten Martin
Published: November 2016

Blaeu is an interactive database exploration tool. Its aim is to guide casual users through large data tables, ultimately triggering insights and serendipity. To do so, it relies on a double cluster analysis mechanism. It clusters the data vertically: it detects
themes
, groups of mutually dependent columns that highlight one aspect of the data. Then it clusters the data horizontally. For each theme, it produces a data map, an interactive visualization of the clusters in the table. The
data maps
summarize the data. They provide a visual synopsis of the clusters, as well as facilities to inspect their content and annotate them. But they also let the users navigate further. Our explorers can change the active set of columns or drill down into the clusters to refine their selection. Our prototype is fully operational, ready to deliver insights from complex databases.
Sapphire
Authors: El-Roby Ahmed , Ammar Khaled , Aboulnaga Ashraf , Lin Jimmy
Published: November 2016

There is currently a large amount of publicly accessible structured data available as RDF data sets. For example, the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud now consists of thousands of RDF data sets with over 30 billion triples, and the number and size of the data sets is continuously growing. Many of the data sets in the LOD cloud provide public SPARQL endpoints to allow issuing queries over them. These end-points enable users to retrieve data using precise and highly expressive SPARQL queries. However, in order to do so, the user must have sufficient knowledge about the data sets that she wishes to query, that is, the structure of data, the vocabulary used within the data set, the exact values of literals, their data types, etc. Thus, while SPARQL is powerful, it is not easy to use. An alternative to SPARQL that does not require as much prior knowledge of the data is some form of keyword search over the structured data. Keyword search queries are easy to use, but inherently ambiguous in describing structured queries.

This demonstration introduces Sapphire, a system for querying RDF data that strikes a middle ground between ambiguous keyword search and difficult-to-use SPARQL. Our system does not replace either, but utilizes both where they are most effective. Sapphire helps the user construct expressive SPARQL queries that represent her information needs without requiring detailed knowledge about the queried data sets. These queries are then executed over public SPARQL endpoints from the LOD cloud. Sapphire guides the user in the query writing process by showing suggestions of query terms based on the queried data, and by recommending changes to the query based on a predictive user model.
December
Authors: Amsterdamer Yael , Milo Tova , Somech Amit , Youngmann Brit
Published: November 2016

Adequate crowd selection is an important factor in the success of crowdsourcing platforms, increasing the quality and relevance of crowd answers and their performance in different tasks. The optimal crowd selection can greatly vary depending on properties of the crowd and of the task. To this end, we present December, a declarative platform with novel capabilities for flexible crowd selection. December supports the personalized selection of crowd members via a dedicated query language Member-QL. This language enables specifying and combining common crowd selection criteria such as properties of a crowd member's profile and history, similarity between profiles in specific aspects and relevance of the member to a given task. This holistic, customizable approach differs from previous work that has mostly focused on dedicated algorithms for crowd selection in specific settings. To allow efficient query execution, we implement novel algorithms in December based on our generic, semantically-aware definitions of crowd member similarity and expertise.

We demonstrate the effectiveness of December and Member-QL by using the VLDB community as crowd members and allowing conference participants to choose from among these members for different purposes and in different contexts.
A demonstration of VisDPT
Authors: He Xi , Raval Nisarg , Machanavajjhala Ashwin
Published: November 2016

The release of detailed taxi trips has motivated numerous useful studies, but has also triggered multiple privacy attacks on individuals' trips. Despite these attacks, no tools are available for systematically analyzing the privacy risk of released trajectory data. While, recent studies have proposed mechanisms to publish synthetic mobility data with provable privacy guarantees, the questions on -- 1) how to explain the theoretical privacy guarantee to non-privacy experts; and 2) how well private data preserves the properties of ground truth, remain unclear. To address these issues, we propose a system --- VisDPT that provides rich visualization of sensitive information in trajectory databases and helps data curators understand the impact on utility due to privacy preserving mechanisms. We believe VisDPT will enable data curators to take informed decisions while publishing sanitized data.
JexLog
Authors: Scheuer Tobias , May Norman , Böhm Alexander , Scheibli Daniel
Published: November 2016

Today's hardware architectures provide an ever-increasing number of CPU cores that can be used for running concurrent operations. A big challenge is to ensure that these operations are properly synchronized and make efficient use of the available resources. Fellow database researchers have appropriately described this problem as "staring into the abyss" of complexity [12], where reasoning about the interplay of jobs on a thousand cores becomes extremely challenging. In this demonstration, we show how a new tool, JexLog, can help to visually analyze concurrent jobs in system software and how it is used to optimize for modern hardware.
Mixed-instance querying
Authors: Bonaque R. , Cao T. D. , Cautis B. , Goasdoué F. , Letelier J. , Manolescu I. , Mendoza O. , Ribeiro S. , Tannier X.
Published: November 2016

As the world's affairs get increasingly more digital, timely production and consumption of news require to efficiently and quickly exploit heterogeneous data sources. Discussions with journalists revealed that content management tools currently at their disposal fall very short of expectations. We demonstrate T
atooine
, a lightweight data integration prototype, which allows to quickly set up integration queries across (very) heterogeneous data sources, capitalizing on the many data links (joins) available in this application domain. Our demonstration is based on scenarios we study in collaboration with Le Monde, France's major newspaper.
NLProv
Authors: Deutch Daniel , Frost Nave , Gilad Amir
Published: November 2016

We propose to present NLProv: an end-to-end Natural Language (NL) interface for database queries. Previous work has focused on interfaces for specifying NL questions, which are then compiled into queries in a formal language (e.g. SQL). We build upon this work, but focus on presenting a detailed form of the
answers
in Natural Language. The answers that we present are importantly based on the
provenance
of tuples in the query result, detailing not only which are the results but also their
explanations.
We develop a novel method for transforming provenance information to NL, by leveraging the original NL question structure. Furthermore, since provenance information is typically large, we present two solutions for its effective presentation as NL text: one that is based on provenance factorization with novel desiderata relevant to the NL case, and one that is based on summarization.
Towards personalized maps
Authors: Zhao Kaiqi , Liu Yiding , Yuan Quan , Chen Lisi , Chen Zhida , Cong Gao
Published: November 2016

Rich geo-textual data is available online and the data keeps increasing at a high speed. We propose two user behavior models to learn several types of user preferences from geo-textual data, and a prototype system on top of the user
pre
ference models for
min
ing and s
e
a
r
ch geo-textual data (called PreMiner) to support personalized maps. Different from existing recommender systems and data analysis systems, PreMiner highly personalizes user experience on maps and supports several applications, including user mobility & interests mining, opinion mining in regions, user recommendation, point-of-interest recommendation, and querying and subscribing on geo-textual data.
Squall
Authors: Vitorovic Aleksandar , Elseidy Mohammed , Guliyev Khayyam , Minh Khue Vu , Espino Daniel , Dashti Mohammad , Klonatos Yannis , Koch Christoph
Published: November 2016

Squall is a scalable online query engine that runs complex analytics in a cluster using skew-resilient, adaptive operators. Squall builds on state-of-the-art partitioning schemes and local algorithms, including some of our own. This paper presents the overview of Squall, including some novel join operators. The paper also presents lessons learned over the five years of working on this system, and outlines the plan for the proposed system demonstration.
Rogas
Authors: Liu Minjian , Wang Qing
Published: November 2016

Network analytics has become increasingly popular in recent years. Various graph systems have been developed for analysing networks, while network data is still largely stored and managed in relational database systems in the first place. As two separate systems are often used to manage and analyse network data, it not only increases the difficulty for users to learn and maintain these different systems simultaneously, but also impedes performing more sophisticated analysis on relational and topological properties of network data. Aiming to tackle these issues, we present
Rogas
in this paper, which is a declarative framework that allows the user to formulate analysis queries naturally without thinking about the tedious implementation details of graph algorithms and query processing.
LocationSpark
Authors: Tang Mingjie , Yu Yongyang , Malluhi Qutaibah M. , Ouzzani Mourad , Aref Walid G.
Published: November 2016

We present LocationSpark, a spatial data processing system built on top of Apache Spark, a widely used distributed data processing system. LocationSpark offers a rich set of spatial query operators, e.g., range search,
k
NN, spatio-textual operation, spatial-join, and
k
NN-join. To achieve high performance, LocationSpark employs various spatial indexes for in-memory data, and guarantees that immutable spatial indexes have low overhead with fault tolerance. In addition, we build two new layers over Spark, namely a query scheduler and a query executor. The query scheduler is responsible for mitigating skew in spatial queries, while the query executor selects the best plan based on the indexes and the nature of the spatial queries. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary network communication overhead when processing overlapped spatial data, We embed an efficient spatial Bloom filter into LocationSpark's indexes. Finally, LocationSpark tracks frequently accessed spatial data, and dynamically flushes less frequently accessed data into disk. We evaluate our system on real workloads and demonstrate that it achieves an order of magnitude performance gain over a baseline framework.
Schema independent and scalable relational learning by castor
Authors: Picado Jose , Ataei Parisa , Termehchy Arash , Fern Alan
Published: November 2016

Learning novel relations from relational databases is an important problem with many applications in database systems and machine learning. Relational learning algorithms leverage the properties of the database schema to find the definition of the target relation in terms of the existing relations in the database. However, the same data set may be represented under different schemas for various reasons, such as efficiency and data quality. Unfortunately, current relational learning algorithms tend to vary quite substantially over the choice of schema, which complicates their off-the-shelf application. We demonstrate
Castor
, a relational learning system that efficiently learns the same definitions over common schema variations. The results of Castor are more accurate than well-known learning systems over large data.
AD-WIRE
Authors: Kannapalli Rajeshkumar , Nazi Azade , Das Mahashweta , Das Gautam
Published: November 2016

Over the past few decades as purchasing options moved online, the widespread use and popularity of online review sites has simultaneously increased. In spite of the fact that a huge extent of buying choices today are driven by numeric scores (e.g., rating a product), detailed reviews play an important role for activities like purchasing an expensive DSLR camera. Since writing a detailed review for an item is usually time-consuming, the number of reviews available in the Web is far from many. In this paper, we build a system AD-WIRE that given a user and an item, our system identifies the top-
k
meaningful tags to help her review the item easily. AD-WIRE allows a user to compose her review by quickly selecting from among the set of returned tags or writes her own review. AD-WIRE also visualizes the dependency of the tags to different aspects of an item so a user can make an informed decision quickly. The system can be used for different type of the products. The current demonstration is built to explore review writing process for the mobile phones.
Operational analytics data management systems
Authors: Böhm Alexander , Dittrich Jens , Mukherjee Niloy , Pandis Ippokratis , Sen Rajkumar
Published: November 2016

Prior to mid-2000s, the space of data analytics was mainly confined within the area of
decision support systems
. It was a long era of isolated enterprise data ware houses curating information from live data sources and of business intelligence software used to query such information. Most data sets were small enough in volume and static enough invelocity to be segregated in warehouses for analysis. Data analysis was not ad-hoc; it required pre-requisite knowledge of underlying data access patterns for the creation of specialized access methods (e.g. covering indexes, materialized views) in order to efficiently execute a set of few focused queries.
Human factors in crowdsourcing
Authors: Amer-Yahia Sihem , Roy Senjuti Basu
Published: November 2016

Today, crowdsourcing is used to "taskify" any job ranging from simple receipt transcription to collaborative editing, fan-subbing, citizen science, and citizen journalism. The crowd is typically volatile, its arrival and departure asynchronous, and its levels of attention and accuracy diverse. Tasks vary in complexity and may necessitate the participation of workers with varying degrees of expertise. Sometimes, workers need to collaborate explicitly and build on each other's contributions to complete a single task. For example, in disaster reporting, CrowdMap allows geographically closed people with diverse and complementary skills, to work together to report details about the course of a typhoon or the aftermath of an earthquake.

This uber-ization of human labor requires the understanding of workers motivation in completing a task, their ability to work together in collaborative tasks, as well as, helping workers find relevant tasks. For over 40 years, organization studies have thoroughly examined human factors that affect workers in physical workplaces. More recently, computer scientists have developed algorithms that verify and leverage those findings in a virtual marketplace, in this case, a crowdsourcing platform.

The goal of this tutorial is to review those two areas and discuss how their combination may improve workers' experience, task throughput and outcome quality for both micro-tasks and collaborative tasks. We will start with a coverage of motivation theory, team formation, and learning worker profiles. We will then address open research questions that result from this review.
Fast and adaptive indexing of multi-dimensional observational data
Authors: Wang Sheng , Maier David , Ooi Beng Chin
Published: November 2016

Sensing devices generate tremendous amounts of data each day, which include large quantities of multi-dimensional measurements. These data are expected to be immediately available for real-time analytics as they are streamed into storage. Such scenarios pose challenges to state-of-the-art indexing methods, as they must not only support efficient queries but also frequent updates. We propose here a novel indexing method that ingests multi-dimensional observational data in real time. This method primarily guarantees extremely high throughput for data ingestion, while it can be continuously refined in the background to improve query efficiency. Instead of representing collections of points using Minimal Bounding Boxes as in conventional indexes, we model sets of successive points as line segments in hyperspaces, by exploiting the intrinsic value continuity in observational data. This representation reduces the number of index entries and drastically reduces "over-coverage" by entries. Experimental results show that our approach handles real-world workloads gracefully, providing both low-overhead indexing and excellent query efficiency.
Voodoo - a vector algebra for portable database performance on modern hardware
Authors: Pirk Holger , Moll Oscar , Zaharia Matei , Madden Sam
Published: November 2016

In-memory databases require careful tuning and many engineering tricks to achieve good performance. Such database performance engineering is hard: a plethora of data and hardware-dependent optimization techniques form a design space that is difficult to navigate for a skilled engineer --- even more so for a query compiler. To facilitate performance-oriented design exploration and query plan compilation, we present
Voodoo
, a declarative intermediate algebra that abstracts the detailed architectural properties of the hardware, such as multi- or many-core architectures, caches and SIMD registers, without losing the ability to generate highly tuned code. Because it consists of a collection of declarative, vector-oriented operations, Voodoo is easier to reason about and tune than low-level C and related hardware-focused extensions (Intrinsics, OpenCL, CUDA, etc.). This enables our Voodoo compiler to produce (OpenCL) code that rivals and even outperforms the fastest state-of-the-art in memory databases for both GPUs and CPUs. In addition, Voodoo makes it possible to express techniques as diverse as cache-conscious processing, predication and vectorization (again on both GPUs and CPUs) with just a few lines of code. Central to our approach is a novel idea we termed
control vectors
, which allows a code generating frontend to expose parallelism to the Voodoo compiler in a abstract manner, enabling portable performance across hardware platforms.

We used Voodoo to build an alternative backend for MonetDB, a popular open-source in-memory database. Our backend allows MonetDB to perform at the same level as highly tuned in-memory databases, including HyPeR and Ocelot. We also demonstrate Voodoo's usefulness when investigating hardware conscious tuning techniques, assessing their performance on different queries, devices and data.
Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus: The Never-Ending Story
Authors: Orlović Jovan , Miljković-Selimović Biljana , Dinić Marina , Ristić Ljiljana
Published: November 2016

Combating Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections using antibacterial drugs is actually an ongoing effort to overcome resistance mechanism of this microorganism. In this paper, we discussed (1) the mechanisms of resistance to some of the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in the treatment of S. aureus: methicillin, vancomicyn and quinolones. In addition, (2) efflux pump mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis in the presence of compounds that inhibit S. aureus growth and reproduction, as well as mechanisms of resistance to a number of antibiotics, have been reviewed.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension – Pathophysiology Based on Case Series
Authors: Ljubisavljević Srdjan , Zidverc Trajković Jasna
Published: November 2016

According to the definition, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a pathological state characterized by an increase in intracranial pressure; however, there are no obvious intracranial pathological processes. The pathophysiology of this disorder is not clear, although there are many reports related to it.

We present an overview of possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms, clinical presentations and therapeutic interventions from a series of patients hospitalized with the clinical picture and final diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). All data were collected from the moment of IIH diagnosis as well as three months later.

The obtained data showed that IIH is a disease that primarily affects obese women in early and midlife. The positive correlation between values of cerebrospinal fluid pressure and body mass index was observed. The disorders of sexual hormones were identified as a possible etiology for IIH female patients. Headache, papilloedema, decreased visual acuity, vertigo and cranial nerve palsy were identified as the most prevalent IIH clinical presentations. The existence of stenosis and hypoplasia of the sigmoid and transverse sinus were confirmed only in one third of IIH patients. Pharmacotherapy combined with weight loss was efficacious in a large number of patients. In this series, there were no short-term consequences of IIH.

The results suggest the importance of early and accurate looking for IIH in obese early and midlife women with any hormonal imbalances having a variety of neurological expression, mostly presented as headaches and visual disturbances. Early detection of IIH might influence the timely treatment and prevent far-reaching and severe clinical consequences.
Existence of solutions for a nonlinear Choquard equation with potential vanishing at infinity
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Figueiredo Giovany M. , Yang Minbo
Published: November 2016

We study the following nonlinear Choquard equation:

-

Δ
⁢
u

+

V
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

=

(

1

|
x
|

μ

∗
F

⁢

(
u
)

)

⁢
f
⁢

(
u
)

 

in
⁢

ℝ
N

,

$-\Delta u+V(x)u=\biggl{(}\frac{1}{|x|^{\mu}}\ast F(u)\biggr{)}f(u)\quad\text{%
in }\mathbb{R}^{N},$

where

0
<
μ
<
N

${0<\mu<N}$

,

N
≥
3

${N\geq 3}$

, V is a continuous real function and F is the primitive function of f. Under some suitable assumptions on the potential V, which include the case

V
⁢

(
∞
)

=
0

${V(\infty)=0}$

, that is,

V
⁢

(
x
)

→
0

${V(x)\to 0}$

as

|
x
|

→

+
∞

${|x|\to+\infty}$

, we prove the existence of a nontrivial solution for the above equation by the penalization method.
Sonification: Review of Auditory Display Solutions in Electronic Travel Aids for the Blind
Authors: Bujacz Michał , Strumiłło Paweł
Published: November 2016

Sonification is defined as presentation of information by means of non-speech audio. In assistive technologies for the blind, sonification is most often used in electronic travel aids (ETAs) - devices which aid in independent mobility through obstacle detection or help in orientation and navigation. The presented review contains an authored classification of various sonification schemes implemented in the most widely known ETAs. The review covers both those commercially available and those in various stages of research, according to the input used, level of signal processing algorithm used and sonification methods. Additionally, a sonification approach developed in the Naviton project is presented. The prototype utilizes stereovision scene reconstruction, obstacle and surface segmentation and spatial HRTF filtered audio with discrete musical sounds and was successfully tested in a pilot study with blind volunteers in a controlled environment, allowing to localize and navigate around obstacles.
Authorization and illegitimation among biomedical doctors and indigenous healers in Tanzania
Authors: Higgins Christina
Published: November 2016

This paper analyzes interactions that took place during a set of workshops involving biomedical doctors and indigenous healers in northern Tanzania which promoted the use of indigenous knowledge in public health education and training. Such workshops are needed since, despite their success in treating patients for a number of health problems, healers are still misrepresented in the media and in wider society and are often confused with witchdoctors. In the context of inequality, then, the purpose of the workshops was to encourage the participants to learn from one another and to find ways to collaborate so that they could better treat patients in their area. The analysis assesses the efforts of the non-governmental organization that organized the workshops to create a culture of inclusion and equality among the doctors. The analysis shows how both parties are first legitimated through narratives of equality in the official discourse of the workshops. Subsequently, however, the healers are delegitimized in their interactions with the biomedical doctors through unequal forms of address and through the conflation of indigenous healing with witchcraft. The analysis shows how inequality in discursive practices is a key site for enduring struggles over symbolic power, even in contexts where equality is explicitly on the agenda.
Symbolic power and the native/non-native dichotomy: Towards a new professional legitimacy
Authors: Derivry-Plard Martine
Published: November 2016

Based on the research literature of the “native/non-native” distinction and on Bourdieu’s notion of field and social action, this paper proposes to use the specific case of foreign language (FL) teaching in the French educational system to conceptualize the FL teaching field as a highly contested space where unequal actors vie for symbolic power and influence. The FL teaching field is organised into two large spaces: one representing state school educational systems, the other representing private language schools. Symbolic power and teaching legitimacies have been jointly constructed giving more power and legitimacy to non-native teachers in state school settings, and more power and legitimacy to native teachers in private language schools. Universities occupy a middle position between the educational settings of the national education systems and the private settings of language schools: the teaching of language to future specialists is still in the hands of non-native speaker teachers whereas the teaching of language to non-language specialists seems more open to native speaker teachers. The “native/non-native” opposition that linguists thought to be relevant linguistically might no longer be a linguistic concept (Paikeday 1985; Davies 1991; Rampton 1990; Cook 1999; Muni Toke 2013), but, as a social construct, this opposition is still very much alive. It serves to design language policies within which actors-teachers of foreign and second languages confront one another. Due to the global deregulation of educational settings, language actors-teachers are therefore put into a highly competitive market: both native and non-native language teachers struggle to be recognized, and essentialist or even racist attitudes have developed into what Holliday (2006) calls “nativespeakerism”. Understanding the structure of the language teaching field worldwide makes it possible to clarify the power struggle and symbolic violence within the field, whose goals and values are paradoxically aimed at mutual understanding through language teaching and cultural mediation – and even more so in the age of multilingualism.
The ethics of digital ethnography in a team project
Authors: Tagg Caroline , Lyons Agnieszka , Hu Rachel , Rock Frances
Published: November 2016

This article draws on researcher vignettes to explore ethical decisions made in the process of collecting and analysing mobile messaging data as part of a team ethnographic project exploring multilingualism in superdiverse UK cities. The research involves observing key participants at work as well as recording them at home and collecting their digital interactions. The nature of ethnographic research raises ethical issues which highlight the impossibility of divorcing ethics from project decision-making. We therefore take on board a reconceptualisation of research ethics not as an external set of guidelines but as being at the core of research, driving decision-making at all steps of the process. The researcher vignettes on which we draw in exploring this process facilitate a reflexive approach and enable us to identify and address ethical issues in our research. In this article, we focus on the potential impact that digital communication technologies can have on the kinds of relationships that are possible between researchers and research participants, and on the roles that both carry out within the project. In doing so, we explore the part that digital communications play in the co-construction of social distance and closeness in research relationships. Our discussions around these issues highlight the need for an awareness not only of how our participants’ media ideologies shape their use and perceptions of digital technologies, but also how our own assumptions inform our handling of the digital data.
Isolation and characterization of lytic phages TSE1-3 against Enterobacter cloacae
Authors: Khawaja Komal Ameer , Abbas Zaigham , Rehman Shafiq ur
Published: November 2016

The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens is becoming a major challenge for patient care. The utilization of alternative therapies for infectious diseases other than antibiotics is an urgent need of today medical practice. The utilization of lytic bacteriophages and their gene products as therapeutic agents against antibiotic resistant bacteria is one of the convincing alternative approaches. Here we present the isolation and characterization of three lytic bacteriophages TSE1-3 against