bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety During Employment-Seeking for Autistic Adults
Authors: Hildebrandt Tamara , Simpson Kate , Adams Dawn
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Autistic adults are more likely to be unemployed compared to neurotypical adults and those with disability. To address these poorer employment outcomes, it is important to consider factors that may be impacting on autistic adults’ employment outcomes. Anxiety is a common co-occurring condition for autistic adults; however, there is little research on how anxiety affects or influences autistic people’s experience across the employment-seeking process. The aim of this study was to explore whether anxiety is perceived to affect autistic adults’ ability to engage in employment-seeking tasks. Methods: Online, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 autistic adults (22–52 years) who were actively seeking employment or had sought employment in the last 18 months. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were generated from the data analysis. Theme 1, Finding the “sweet spot”, identified some level of anxiety—but not too much—was helpful in performing the employment-seeking tasks and this “spot” could vary depending on the person and the task. Theme 2, Anxiety affects the ability to perform and function, encapsulates the autistic person’s experience when anxiety is too high. The third theme, The “vicious cycle” of anxiety and employment-seeking behaviours, explores participants’ ongoing experience of anxiety on their employment-seeking behaviours. Conclusions: The findings suggest that autistic job candidates would benefit from tailored accommodations and adjustments offered throughout the recruitment process, to reduce anxiety and improve employment-seeking outcomes for autistic candidates.
Brain Stimulation Techniques in Research and Clinical Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Therapeutic Potential in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Moshayedi Ata Jahangir , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Emadi Andani Mehran
Published: December 2024

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a range of motor and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) that significantly impact patients’ quality of life. This review aims to synthesize the current literature on the application of brain stimulation techniques, including non-invasive methods such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS), and transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), as well as invasive approaches like deep brain stimulation (DBS). We explore the efficacy and safety profiles of these techniques in alleviating both motor impairments, such as bradykinesia and rigidity, and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive decline, depression, and impulse control disorders. Current findings indicate that while non-invasive techniques present a favorable safety profile and are effective for milder symptoms, invasive methods like DBS provide significant relief for severe cases that are unresponsive to other treatments. Future research is needed to optimize stimulation parameters, establish robust clinical protocols, and expand the application of these technologies across various stages of PD. This review underscores the potential of brain stimulation as a vital therapeutic tool in managing PD, paving the way for enhanced treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.
The Impact of Upward Social Comparison on Social Media on Appearance Anxiety: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Tian Jinrui , Li Boxuan , Zhang Ronghua
Published: December 2024

In the digital age, social media has not only transformed the way individuals interact but has also become a significant platform for self-presentation, especially among young people. Social comparison regarding appearance has become more prevalent in this environment, raising concerns about its impact on mental health. This study specifically examines the effects of upward social comparison (USC) on appearance anxiety, providing empirical support for the relationship between USC and appearance anxiety. Based on the Stress-Vulnerability Model, the Stress and Coping Model, Objectification Theory, and Self-Compassion Theory, the study constructs a moderated mediation model. An anonymous survey was conducted of 397 young adults (mean age = 21.6 years, SD = 2.12 years). The results showed that: (1) USC significantly predicted appearance anxiety (β = 0.546, p < 0.001); (2) self-objectification partially mediated the relationship between USC and appearance anxiety, with the mediation effect accounting for 21% of the total effect; (3) self-compassion moderated the relationship between USC and self-objectification, such that higher levels of self-compassion weakened the effect of USC on self-objectification.
The Effects of Confiding on Shift Work Nurses’ Emotion Regulation and Self-Perceived Well-Being: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lu Cui , Sun Yawen , Wang Chunyan , Chen Tianyong , Tang Yi
Published: December 2024

Shift work nurses suffered great stress and emotion dysregulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpersonal emotion regulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, often facilitated through confiding. It has been suggested that medical staff benefit from confiding, with the act of reflecting on the social support gained from confiding being associated with higher well-being. Consequently, we hypothesized that thinking about the social support derived from confiding about work-related hassles could enhance emotion regulation and well-being in shift work nurses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the intervention “thinking about the social support obtained from confiding about work-related hassles” on shift work nurses’ emotion regulation and self-perceived well-being. An online randomized controlled trial was conducted with 66 shift work nurses, including 34 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group, to assess the impact of an 8-week confiding intervention focused on thinking about the social support obtained from confiding. The results indicated that the intervention significantly improved the interpersonal emotion regulation of shift work nurses in the experimental group compared to the control group. In terms of intrapersonal emotion regulation, the intervention appeared to reduce the cognitive reappraisal in the intervention group; however, there was no significant difference in cognitive reappraisal or expressive inhibition between the intervention group and control group. Furthermore, self-rated general health and sleep quality showed significant improvement in the intervention group compared to pre-test levels, but no significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups. In conclusion, the online confiding intervention effectively enhanced interpersonal emotion regulation among shift work nurses. However, its effects on intrapersonal emotion regulation were not significant. Similarly, while participants in the intervention group reported improved self-rated general health and sleep quality, these improvements did not significantly differ from those in the control group.
Transformational Leadership, Organizational Resilience, and Team Innovation Performance: A Model for Testing Moderation and Mediation Effects
Authors: Yu Jiayu , Xiang Kaibiao
Published: December 2024

This study adopts transformational leadership as the research subject and aims to explore the effect of transformational leadership on organizational resilience and team innovation performance: to test the mediating role of organizational resilience between transformational leadership and team innovation performance, as well as to examine the moderating role that environmental uncertainty performs in the process of the mediation. By analyzing the data collected from a questionnaire, this research discovered that transformational leadership has a positive effect on team innovation performance, which is mediated by organizational resilience. This relationship is more significant when environmental uncertainty is considered as a moderator in the mediation process. Ultimately, based on the findings illustrated above, this study provides suggestions to improve team innovation performance by developing transformational leadership capabilities and awareness, enhancing the business environment, boosting organizational resilience, and increasing the resilience of enterprises in the context of environmental uncertainty. The contribution of this research is demonstrated by the provision of a set of scientifically grounded recommendations for the administration of organizations and enterprises in underdeveloped regions of China.
Correction: Liu et al. (2024). “Walking with Dreams”: The Categories of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Its Influence on Learning Engagement of Senior High School Students. Behavioral Sciences, 14(12), 1174
Authors: Liu Xuejun , Mei Xiongjie , Ji Guojun
Published: December 2024

The authors would like to adjust the author order for the following two reasons: 1 [...]
The Development and Validation of the Adolescent Problematic Gaming Scale (PGS-Adolescent)
Authors: Luo Zhanni , Xie Jiayan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop and validate the Adolescent Problematic Gaming Scale (PGS-Adolescent). Following established scientific protocols, we developed an initial version of the PGS-Adolescent scale and validated it using data from 448 valid survey responses collected from adolescents in China. The dataset was split into two parts: 225 responses were allocated for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and 223 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA and CFA processes necessitated the removal of 10 items due to low factor loadings, low communalities, misalignment with intended factors, and inadequate item retention. Significantly, all the survey items measuring daily-life disturbance (DD) were excluded. The final 20-item PGS-Adolescent scale includes four constructs: interpersonal relationships (IRE), schooling disruption (SD), physical consequences (Phy-C), and psychological consequences (Psy-C). Researchers may consider directly applying the validated PGS-Adolescent scale or evaluating its applicability and validity in diverse populations and contexts.
Model Testing and Numerical Simulation of the Bearing Characteristics of Screw-Core Cement Mixing Pile
Authors: Wu Luoan , Gao Yue , Du Yaohui , Xuan Junjie , Nao Jiu , Li Shibo , Li Jinhao , Wang Yanqi , Zhang Hao , Cao Lei , Meng Cheng , Yang Zewei
Published: December 2024

The screw-core mixing pile, which enhances traditional smooth-surface rigid piles by introducing a threaded surface, has been rapidly applied in China. Indoor model testing and numerical simulation techniques are used to perform static load tests on single piles to analyze the load–settlement relationship between the new screw-core mixing pile and the traditional circular-core mixing pile. The study examines the axial force distribution between the pile core and the mixing pile shell and establishes a bearing capacity model for screw-core mixing piles. Additionally, model piles with six different thread height ratios (w/d, where w is the thread width and d is the internal diameter of the screw-core) are developed using finite element simulation software to analyze the effect of thread height ratio on the bearing capacity of screw-core mixing piles. The influence of the height ratio on the bearing capacity of screw-core mixing piles is discussed in detail. The results indicate the following: (1) Due to differences in the pile core structure, the bearing capacity of the screw-core mixing pile is 1.44 times greater than that of the circular-core mixing pile. (2) When the vertical load is small, both the pile core and the mixing pile shell share the load; however, as the vertical load increases, the axial force gradually concentrates in the pile core, with the screw core showing a higher load-bearing capacity than the circular-core. (3) Under vertical load, the settlement of the screw-core mixing pile decreases stepwise from the top of the pile down to the surrounding area, demonstrating that the screw-core is more effective than the circular core. (4) The increase in thread height ratio significantly enhances the bearing capacity of the screw-core mixing pile. However, considering material limitations and engineering costs, the optimal thread height ratio should be determined based on actual bearing capacity requirements and soil conditions.
Axial Compression Behavior of Novel Latticed Columns with CFST Tubes and Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Zhang Ningning , Hu Zhaohui , Li Xian , Nie Ying , Liu Jun
Published: December 2024

Metallurgical industrial buildings, particularly those over 10 years old, frequently experience increased vibrations in their latticed columns due to prolonged dynamic loads from cranes, affecting both structural safety and usability. To enhance the strength and stiffness of these structures in a cost-effective way, a novel composite latticed column made from concrete-filled steel tubes and corrugated steel plates is proposed. An analytical study on its axial compression behavior has also been conducted. The analytical parameters included the yield strength of steel tube and compressive strength of concrete, the waveform of corrugated steel plate, as well as the thickness, yield strength, and configuration of steel lacing tubes. Results show that compared to specimens with C30 concrete, the bearing capacity and initial axial stiffness of specimens with C50 concrete can increase by 35% and 33%, respectively. Compared with the steel specimen with yield strength of 235 MPa, the peak bearing capacity of the steel specimen with yield strength of 400 MPa can be increased by 28%. Additionally, increasing the wave height reduces the concrete cross section, resulting in a decrease in axial stiffness and ductility. Compared to specimens with horizontal lacing tubes, those with diagonal lacing tubes exhibit increases in ductility and axial stiffness of 33% and 12%, respectively. Therefore, diagonal lacing tubes should be considered for the optimal axial compression behavior of latticed columns. Furthermore, a model for predicting the axial compression bearing capacity of latticed columns with CFST tubes and corrugated steel plates was proposed.
Evaluating and Comparing the Bending Performance of RC Beams Fabricated with Lightweight Aggregate Concrete and Normal Concrete of Equivalent Strength
Authors: Narimanifar Kamyar , Mousavi Ghasemi Seyed Arash
Published: December 2024

The construction industry continually seeks to optimize the materials used in building projects to balance structural integrity with economic and environmental concerns. Particularly in urban high-rise construction and seismic zones, the choice of material can significantly affect the project’s feasibility and safety. This study investigated the mechanical response of regular and lightweight concrete to bending stresses, which are critical factors in the structural design process. By comparing the strain–stress relationships, densities, and deformation capacities of these two varieties of concrete, this research aimed to clarify their fundamental differences. Lightweight concrete, with its lower density of 1800 kg/m3, offers noticeable weight reductions, thus presenting a viable solution for structures where reduced mass is beneficial, such as in areas with load-bearing limitations or for components that require ease of transportation and assembly. However, this study found that the reduction in weight is accompanied by lower compressive and flexural strength compared to normal concrete, which, with a density of 2400 kg/m3, exhibited greater mechanical strength and resilience under bending stresses. Stress–strain graphs generated from the experimental data illustrated both types of concrete’s elastic and plastic deformation behaviors, highlighting the material’s transition from elasticity to plasticity at specific stress points. This nuanced understanding of the materials’ behaviors is vital for construction professionals as it equips them with the information necessary to make informed decisions on material selection, ensuring safety, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness in construction projects.
Development of a Transdisciplinary Research-Based Framework for the Improvement of Thermal Comfort of Schools Through the Analysis of Shading System
Authors: Oregi Xabat , Goti Aitor , Pérez-Acebo Heriberto , Álvarez Irantzu , Eguia Maria-Isabel , Alberdi Elisabete
Published: December 2024

This article investigates a methodology for the application of the design of sunlighting and shading systems in educational settings, focusing on their impact on thermal comfort. As educational environments increasingly recognize the importance of physical comfort in enhancing learning outcomes, this study starts with an analysis of current shading practices and their effectiveness. A user-friendly methodology for assessing sunlight and shading in schools is developed, utilizing a transdisciplinary research approach, with various stakeholders, including educators, architects, and environmental scientists. Through case studies conducted in Zornotza, Spain, the research warns about the detrimental effects of inadequate shading on student well-being and proposes design solutions for each of the cases. Our findings underscore the necessity for innovative design strategies that integrate both passive and active shading solutions, ultimately contributing to healthier, more sustainable learning environments. These innovative strategies can be better oriented at the early stages of the analysis of the problem if transdisciplinary research is applied, advocating for a holistic approach to educational facility design that prioritizes the comfort and success of students.
Modulating Perception in Interior Architecture Through Décor: An Eye-Tracking Study of a Living Room Scene
Authors: Wlazły Weronika , Bonenberg Agata
Published: December 2024

The visual perception of interior architecture plays a crucial role in real estate marketing, influencing the decisions of buyers, interior architects, and real estate agents. These professionals rely on personal assessments of space, often drawing from their experience of using décor to influence how interiors are perceived. While intuition may validate some approaches, this study explores an under-examined aspect of interior design using a mobile eye-tracking device. It investigates how decorative elements affect spatial perception and offers insights into how individuals visually engage with interior environments. By integrating décor into the analysis of interior architecture, this study broadens the traditional scope of the field, demonstrating how décor composition can modulate spatial perception using eye-tracking technology. Results show that effective styling can redirect attention from key architectural elements, sometimes causing them to be overlooked during the critical first moments of observation commonly known as the “first impression”. These findings have important implications for interior design practice and architectural education.
Regenerative and Innovative Utilization of Coffee Residue and Waste Cooking Oil: Improving Rheological Properties of Recycled Asphalt
Authors: Zhu Ruipeng , Hu Chunhua
Published: December 2024

Currently, there is limited research on the utilization of spent coffee grounds (SCG) in asphalt pavement. This study explores using SCG as a novel rejuvenator together with waste cooking oil (WCO) to enhance the performance of aged asphalt (AA). The high-temperature performance of recycled asphalt was preserved using SCG containing oily components. However, the low-temperature performance of long-term aged asphalt could not be completely restored to the level of virgin asphalt. Therefore, various dosages of SCG and WCO were utilized to optimize the recovery of low-temperature properties while maintaining high-temperature performance. The recycled asphalt (RA) was analyzed through conventional indexes, microscopic characteristics, and rheological properties using penetration and softening point tests, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). The results showed that the G* of W7S12 increased by 90% relative to virgin asphalt. Additionally, at strain levels of 2.5% and 5%, the fatigue life of W8S18 was approximately 3.39 times and 2.34 times greater, respectively, than that of the virgin asphalt. The addition of a rejuvenator can enhance the low-temperature cracking resistance of aged asphalt. Moreover, the FTIR results indicated that the regeneration mechanism of recycled asphalt consisted of physical blending. In summary, W7S12 exhibited the highest high-temperature performance, while W8S18 demonstrated superior fatigue life. This study may promote the sustainable development of asphalt pavements by utilizing organic waste as a rejuvenator through resource recovery.
Corrosion Characteristics and Flexural Performance of Carbonated Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams in Corrosive Environments
Authors: Yi Guixiang , Song Yuanyuan , Wang Jian , Chen Bo
Published: December 2024

The influence of the carbonation of recycled coarse aggregates on the durability performance of the recycled aggregate concrete beams is still unclear. In this study, the corrosion characteristics and flexural performance of the carbonated recycled aggregate concrete (C-RAC) beams in corrosive environments were investigated. The results illustrated that the mass loss of the longitudinal tensile steel bars (LTSBs) in the corroded C-RAC beams decreased when the replacement ratio of the carbonated recycled coarse aggregate (CRCA) increased. Compared to the corroded non-carbonated recycled aggregate concrete (NC-RAC) beam, the mass loss of LTSBs in the corroded C-RAC beam was reduced by 37.91% when the CRCA replacement ratio was 100%. The average mass loss of the short limbs of the stirrups on the tensile side of the corroded C-RAC beam was lower than that of the corroded NC-RAC beam. As the CRCA replacement ratio increased, the flexural performance of the corroded C-RAC beams was enhanced. When the CRCA replacement ratio was 100%, the ultimate load and the displacement ductility coefficient of the corroded C-RAC beam increased by 14.04% and 25.82% compared to the corroded NC-RAC beam, respectively. During the service life, the concrete strains of the cross-section at the mid-span of the corroded C-RAC beams satisfied the assumption of plane section. The research results of this study can provide some reference for the durability design and engineering application of C-RAC beams.
The Impact of Accident Experience on Unsafe Behaviors of Construction Workers Within Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Yang Su , Liu Lingyu , Wang Ting , Guo Yongqi , Qian Yingmiao , Chen Huihua
Published: December 2024

The construction industry’s poor safety is a global issue, with construction workers’ unsafe behaviors (CWUBs) identified as a major cause of accidents. Based on social cognitive theory (SCT) and using multiple regression analysis, this study categorizes accident experience (AE) into direct and indirect types, examining how each affects CWUBs and the roles of risk perception (RP), safety attitude (SA), and safety competence (SC) in these relationships. Utilizing a structured questionnaire completed by 334 valid respondents and analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM), the study found that indirect experience (IE) significantly reduced CWUBs, with a standardized path coefficient of −0.364, while direct experience (DE) has a smaller impact, with a standardized path coefficient of −0.154, but a significant p. Furthermore, IE positively influenced RP, SA, and SC, explaining 66.8% of its total effect. This study offers a new framework for understanding how AE influences CWUBs, providing actionable insights for managers to implement effective strategies that reduce CWUBs on construction sites.
Exploring Architectural Units Through Robotic 3D Concrete Printing of Space-Filling Geometries
Authors: Yabanigül Meryem N. , Gulec Ozer Derya
Published: December 2024

The integration of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) into architectural design and production offers a solution to challenges in the construction industry. This technology presents benefits such as mass customization, waste reduction, and support for complex designs. However, its adoption in construction faces various limitations, including technical, logistical, and legal barriers. This study provides insights relevant to architecture, engineering, and construction practices, guiding future developments in the field. The methodology involves fabricating closed architectural units using 3DCP, emphasizing space-filling geometries and ensuring structural strength. Across three production trials, iterative improvements were made, revealing challenges and insights into design optimization and fabrication techniques. Prioritizing controlled filling of the unit’s internal volume ensures portability and ease of assembly. Leveraging 3D robotic concrete printing technology enables precise fabrication of closed units with controlled voids, enhancing speed and accuracy in production. Experimentation with varying unit sizes and internal support mechanisms, such as sand infill and central supports, enhances performance and viability, addressing geometric capabilities and fabrication efficiency. Among these strategies, sand filling has emerged as an effective solution for internal support as it reduces unit weight, simplifies fabrication, and maintains structural integrity. This approach highlights the potential of lightweight and adaptable modular constructions in the use of 3DCP technologies for architectural applications.
Engineered Cellular Therapies for the Treatment of Thoracic Cancers
Authors: Erickson Spencer M. , Manning Benjamin M. , Kumar Akhilesh , Patel Manish R.
Published: December 2024

Thoracic malignancies (lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma) are prevalent worldwide and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Effective treatments are needed for patients with advanced disease. Cell therapies are a promising approach to the treatment of advanced cancers that make use of immune effector cells that have the ability to mediate antitumor immune responses. In this review, we discuss the prospect of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, T cell receptor-engineered (TCR-T) cells, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as treatments for thoracic malignancies. CAR-T cells and TILs have proven successful in several hematologic cancers and advanced melanoma, respectively, but outside of melanoma, results have thus far been unsuccessful in most other solid tumors. NK cells and TCR-T cells are additional cell therapy platforms with their own unique advantages and challenges. Obstacles that must be overcome to develop effective cell therapy for these malignancies include selecting an appropriate target antigen, combating immunosuppressive cells and signaling molecules present in the tumor microenvironment, persistence, and delivering a sufficient quantity of antitumor immune cells to the tumor. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer great promise as a source for both NK and T cell-based therapies due to their unlimited expansion potential. Here, we review clinical trial data, as well as recent basic scientific advances that offer insight into how we may overcome these obstacles, and provide an overview of ongoing trials testing novel strategies to overcome these obstacles.
Clinically Significant BRCA1 and BRCA2 Germline Variants in Breast Cancer—A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Pleșea Răzvan Mihail , Riza Anca-Lelia , Ahmet Ana Maria , Gavrilă Ionuț , Mituț Andreea , Camen Georgiana-Cristiana , Lungulescu Cristian Virgil , Dorobanțu Ștefania , Barbu Adina , Grigorescu Andra , Mirea Cecil Sorin , Schenker Michael , Burada Florin , Streață Ioana
Published: December 2024

Background: Conditions associated with BRCA1/2 pathogenic (PVs) or likely pathogenic variants (LPVs) are often severe. The early detection of carrier status is ideal, as it provides options for effective case management. Materials and Methods: The study involved 58 patients with a personal and familial history of breast cancer (BC) who underwent genetic testing at the Regional Centre for Medical Genetics Dolj over a three-year period. An immunohistochemical panel (HER2, ER, PR, and Ki-67) was used to define the molecular subtypes of breast tumors. The AmpliSeq for Illumina BRCA Panel was used to evaluate germline variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in patients with BC. The χ2 test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare the different parameters studied. Results: Our findings revealed that 15.5% of the patients carried either BRCA1 or BRCA2 PVs or LPVs. BRCA1 carriers had aggressive tumors whereas BRCA2 carriers had rather low-grade tumors. Conclusions: The study revealed that PVs in both BRCA genes have a significant frequency among BC patients in our region, and BRCA1 carriers tend to develop more aggressive tumors than carriers of BRCA2 PVs and patients with no germline PVs in either of the two genes. These observations could provide new epidemiologic data for this disease in our region and contribute further to the development of national screening strategies.
Evaluation of Predictive Factors for Transarterial Bleomycin–Lipiodol Embolization Success in Treating Giant Hepatic Hemangiomas
Authors: Kacała Arkadiusz , Dorochowicz Mateusz , Korbecki Adrian , Sobański Michał , Zdanowicz-Ratajczak Agata , Patrzałek Dariusz , Janczak Dariusz , Guziński Maciej
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Giant hepatic hemangiomas are challenging to manage, requiring effective therapeutic approaches. Transarterial bleomycin–lipiodol embolization (TACE) has shown promise as a treatment option, yet predictive factors for its success are not well defined. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of TACE for giant hepatic hemangiomas and identify factors influencing treatment outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 31 adult patients who underwent TACE with bleomycin and lipiodol between December 2014 and October 2022 was conducted. Clinical parameters including age, sex, hemangioma location, lesion size, bleomycin dose, number of TACE sessions, and follow-up duration were evaluated. The primary outcome was hemangioma volume reduction, with statistical analyses identifying factors associated with significant lesion regression. Results: Higher bleomycin doses and longer intervals from procedure to follow-up were positively correlated with hemangioma volume reduction, while variables such as patient sex and lesion location showed no statistically significant impact on clinical success. The findings suggest that increased bleomycin dosage and extended follow-up periods may enhance treatment efficacy. Conclusions: The study identifies bleomycin dose and follow-up duration as predictive factors for TACE success in treating giant hepatic hemangiomas, underscoring their role in optimizing therapeutic strategies. These insights contribute to improved treatment personalization for patients with giant hepatic hemangiomas and highlight the need for further prospective studies to validate and expand upon these findings.
Components of the Endosome-Lysosome Vesicular Machinery as Drivers of the Metastatic Cascade in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nturubika Bukuru Dieu-Donne , Logan Jessica , Johnson Ian R. D. , Moore Courtney , Li Ka Lok , Tang Jingying , Lam Giang , Parkinson-Lawrence Emma , Williams Desmond B. , Chakiris James , Hindes Madison , Brooks Robert D. , Miles Mark A. , Selemidis Stavros , Gregory Philip , Weigert Roberto , Butler Lisa , Ward Mark P. , Waugh David J. J. , O’Leary John J. , Brooks Douglas A.
Published: December 2024

Prostate cancer remains a significant global health concern, with over 1.4 million new cases diagnosed and more than 330,000 deaths each year. The primary clinical challenge that contributes to poor patient outcomes involves the failure to accurately predict and treat at the onset of metastasis, which remains an incurable stage of the disease. This review discusses the emerging paradigm that prostate cancer metastasis is driven by a dysregulation of critical molecular machinery that regulates endosome-lysosome homeostasis. Endosome and lysosome compartments have crucial roles in maintaining normal cellular function but are also involved in many hallmarks of cancer pathogenesis, including inflammation, immune response, nutrient sensing, metabolism, proliferation, signalling, and migration. Here we discuss new insight into how alterations in the complex network of trafficking machinery, responsible for the microtubule-based transport of endosomes and lysosomes, may be involved in prostate cancer progression. A better understanding of endosome-lysosome dynamics may facilitate the discovery of novel strategies to detect and manage prostate cancer metastasis and improve patient outcomes.
Correction: Patel et al. Palmitoyl Carnitine-Anchored Nanoliposomes for Neovasculature-Specific Delivery of Gemcitabine Elaidate to Treat Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers 2023, 15, 182
Authors: Patel Akanksha , Saraswat Aishwarya , Patel Harsh , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Patel Ketan
Published: December 2024

In the original publication [...]
Regorafenib Treatment for Recurrent Glioblastoma Beyond Bevacizumab-Based Therapy: A Large, Multicenter, Real-Life Study
Authors: Tünbekici Salih , Yuksel Haydar cagatay , Acar Caner , Sahin Gökhan , Orman Seval , Majidova Nargiz , Coskun Alper , Seyyar Mustafa , Dilek Mehmet sıddık , Kara Mahmut , Dıslı Ahmet Kursat , Demir Teyfik , Kolkıran Nagihan , Sahbazlar Mustafa , Demırcıler Erkut , Kuş Fatih , Aytac Ali , Menekse Serkan , Yucel Hakan , Biter Sedat , Koseci Tolga , Unsal Ahmet , Ozveren Ahmet , Sevınc Alper , Goker Erdem , Gürsoy Pınar
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: In the REGOMA trial, regorafenib demonstrated an overall survival advantage over lomustine, and it has become a recommended treatment for recurrent glioblastoma in guidelines. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of regorafenib as a third-line treatment for patients with recurrent glioblastoma who progressed while taking bevacizumab-based therapy. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study in Turkey included 65 patients treated between 2021 and 2023 across 19 oncology centers. The main inclusion criteria were histologically confirmed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastoma, progression after second-line bevacizumab-based treatment, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of ≤2. Patients received regorafenib 160 mg once daily for the first 3 weeks of each 4-week cycle. Results: The median age of the patients was 53 years (18–67 years), with a median progression-free survival of 2.5 months (95% Confidence Interval: 2.23–2.75) and a median overall survival of 4.1 months (95% CI: 3.52–4.68). The median overall survival was improved in patients who received subsequent therapy after regorafenib treatment compared with those who did not (p = 0.022). Progression-free survival was longer in patients with ECOG 0–1 than in those with ECOG 2 (p = 0.042). The safety profile was consistent with that of the REGOMA trial, with no drug-related deaths observed. Conclusions: Regorafenib shows good efficacy and safety as a third-line treatment for recurrent glioblastoma after bevacizumab-based therapy. This study supports the use of regorafenib and emphasizes the need for further randomized studies to validate its role and optimize treatment strategies.
Hypnosis Sedation Used in Breast Oncologic Surgery Significantly Decreases Perioperative Inflammatory Reaction
Authors: Berliere Martine , Roelants Fabienne , Duhoux François P. , Gerday Amandine , Piette Nathan , Lacroix Camille , Docquier Marie-Agnes , Samartzi Vasiliki , Coyette Maude , Hammer Jennifer , Touil Nassim , Azzouzi Houda , Piette Philippe , Watremez Christine
Published: December 2024

Background: Hypnosis sedation has recently been used for anesthesia in breast oncologic surgery. Methods: Between January 2017 and October 2019, 284 patients from our Breast Clinic (Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain) and from the Jolimont Hospital were prospectively included in an interventional non-randomized study approved by our two local ethics committees and registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03330117). Ninety-three consecutive patients underwent surgery while on general anesthesia (GA group). Ninety-two consecutive patients underwent surgery while on general anesthesia preceded by a hypnorelaxation session (GAVRH group). Ninety-five consecutive patients underwent surgery while exclusively on hypnosis sedation (HYPS group). Clinical parameters (pain score, anxiety and distress score) were measured on days 0, 1 and 8 for all patients. All evaluable patients underwent NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and CRP (C-reactive protein) dosage on days 0, 1 and 8. Results: Pain scores and anxiety scores were statistically lower in the HYPS group on days 1 and 8, as was the duration of NSAID consumption. NLR and CRP values were significantly inferior on day 1 for all patients who benefited from hypnosis sedation. Conclusions: Some benefits of hypnosis sedation (reduction in postoperative pain, decrease in NSAID consumption) are correlated with a significant reduction in inflammatory parameters in the perioperative process.
Dose-Limiting Toxicities of Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer Patients: Studying Interactions Between Pharmacokinetics, Physical Activity, and Body Composition—A Protocol for an Observational Cohort Study
Authors: De Nys Len , Barzegar-Fallah Anita , Lanckmans Katrien , Steurbaut Stephane , Beckwée David , de Haar-Holleman Amy , Provyn Steven , Gasthuys Elke , Vande Casteele Sofie , De Sutter Pieter-Jan , Vermeulen An , Van Bocxlaer Jan , Wuyts Stephanie C. M. , Adriaenssens Nele
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Paclitaxel (PTX), a commonly used chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC), is associated with dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) such as peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia. These toxicities frequently lead to dose reductions, treatment delays, or therapy discontinuation, negatively affecting patients’ quality of life and clinical outcomes. Current dosing strategies based on body surface area (BSA) fail to account for individual variations in body composition (skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and adipose tissue (AT) mass) and physical activity (PA), which can influence drug metabolism and toxicity. This study aims to explore the relationships between PTX pharmacokinetics, body composition, and PA to predict DLTs. Methods: This single-group observational cohort study will recruit 40 female BC patients undergoing PTX treatment. Data collection will include plasma PTX concentrations, body composition assessments (using dual X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis), PA measurements (via accelerometers), and questionnaires to assess BC-related health-related quality of life, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and neutropenia during the PTX schedule using validated questionnaires. Dose-limiting toxicities will be graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 (grade 3 or higher). This protocol is designed to develop a population-based PK-PD model that predicts the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia in women with stage II or III BC undergoing PTX therapy, focusing on explanatory outcomes related to SMM, AT mass, and PA.
Enhanced CO2 Photoreduction Performance of WO3−x
Authors: Cheng Yelan , Li Zhaolin , Yang Xiaofei
Published: December 2024

Converting CO2 greenhouse gases into high-value-added fuels via semiconductor photocatalysts is an ideal solution to address current environmental and energy issues. Due to its unique physicochemical traits and flexible structure, WO3 is widely employed in photocatalysis. Nevertheless, it commonly faces problems such as limited light absorption and low reaction selectivity. Here, we effectively tackle the existing issue by introducing an oxygen defect strategy to synthesize two-dimensional WO3−x nanosheets with rich oxygen vacancies. Due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), these nanosheets may exhibit broad light absorption and efficient CO2 adsorption and activation. In the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO), WO3−x nanosheets exhibited 100% selectivity and 16.1 μmol g−1 h−1 yield, 6.2 times higher than WO3. Oxygen vacancies improve WO3’s band structure and increase its capacity to absorb visible light. Based on electrochemical tests and fluorescence spectroscopy analysis, the outstanding functionality of WO3−x nanosheets is related to the improved separation and transport of photocurrents and the restricted radiative recombination of the resulting electron pairs and holes.
An Overview of the Advantages of Combining Photo- and Electrooxidation Processes in Actual Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Valenzuela Laura , Villajos Beatriz , Mesa Medina Sara , Faraldos Marisol
Published: December 2024

The elimination of pollutants in real water and wastewater is a challenge for the successful application of electrooxidation processes (EOPs). The presence of inorganic salts in the reaction medium is of great relevance during EOPs, with active participation in the electrochemical reactions. A revision of the reported devices used in the decontamination and disinfection of real wastewater demonstrated the main drawbacks of efficiently removing pollutants. However, the combination of photocatalytic processes with electrochemical technologies has been explored to improve overall efficiency and reduce energy consumption. A wide variety of materials, mainly metals, polymers, carbon and graphite derivatives, oxides, and MOFs, as well as their combinations, have been applied to electrodes and photoactive coatings. The deposition of the active layer has been enriched with novel designs, including porous hierarchical growth and 3D printing. The use of powerful characterization techniques allows for the study of the composition, structure, surface, and photo- and electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes. The simultaneous optimization of the operating conditions, parameters, and reactors must be specifically defined according to each water matrix. This approach will increase the efficiency of the whole process and contribute to cost savings. Economic contributions have been revised to calculate the cost of wastewater treatment.
Evolutionarily Developed Alternatively Spliced Exons Containing Translation Initiation Sites
Authors: Takeda Jun-ichi , Okamoto Takaaki , Masuda Akio
Published: December 2024

Alternative splicing is essential for the generation of various protein isoforms that are involved in cell differentiation and tissue development. In addition to internal coding exons, alternative splicing affects the exons with translation initiation codons; however, little is known about these exons. Here, we performed a systematic classification of human alternative exons using coding information. The analysis showed that more than 5% of cassette exons contain translation initiation codons (alternatively skipped exons harboring a 5′ untranslated region and coding region, 5UC-ASEs) although their skipping causes the deletion of translation initiation sites essential for protein synthesis. The splicing of 5UC-ASEs is under the repressive control of MATR3, a DNA/RNA-binding protein associated with neurodegeneration, and is distinctly regulated particularly in the human brain, muscle, and testis. Interestingly, MATR3 represses its own translation by skipping a 5UC-ASE in MATR3 to autoregulate its expression level. 5UC-ASEs are larger than other types of alternative exons. Furthermore, evolutionary analysis revealed that 5UC-ASEs have already appeared in cartilaginous fishes, have increased in amphibians, and are concentrated in the genes involved in transcription in mammals. Taken together, our analysis identified a unique set of alternative exons, 5UC-ASEs, that have evolutionarily acquired a repression mechanism for gene expression through association with MATR3.
The Hippo Signaling Pathway Manipulates Cellular Senescence
Authors: Miyajima Chiharu , Nagasaka Mai , Aoki Hiromasa , Toriuchi Kohki , Yamanaka Shogo , Hashiguchi Sakura , Morishita Daisuke , Aoyama Mineyoshi , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Inoue Yasumichi
Published: December 2024

The Hippo pathway, a kinase cascade, coordinates with many intracellular signals and mediates the regulation of the activities of various downstream transcription factors and their coactivators to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, the aberrant activation of the Hippo pathway and its associated molecules imposes significant stress on tissues and cells, leading to cancer, immune disorders, and a number of diseases. Cellular senescence, the mechanism by which cells counteract stress, prevents cells from unnecessary damage and leads to sustained cell cycle arrest. It acts as a powerful defense mechanism against normal organ development and aging-related diseases. On the other hand, the accumulation of senescent cells without their proper removal contributes to the development or worsening of cancer and age-related diseases. A correlation was recently reported between the Hippo pathway and cellular senescence, which preserves tissue homeostasis. This review is the first to describe the close relationship between aging and the Hippo pathway, and provides insights into the mechanisms of aging and the development of age-related diseases. In addition, it describes advanced findings that may lead to the development of tissue regeneration therapies and drugs targeting rejuvenation.
Detection of Human Bladder Epithelial Cancerous Cells with Atomic Force Microscopy and Machine Learning
Authors: Petrov Mikhail , Makarova Nadezhda , Monemian Amir , Pham Jean , Lekka Małgorzata , Sokolov Igor
Published: December 2024

The development of noninvasive methods for bladder cancer identification remains a critical clinical need. Recent studies have shown that atomic force microscopy (AFM), combined with pattern recognition machine learning, can detect bladder cancer by analyzing cells extracted from urine. However, these promising findings were limited by a relatively small patient cohort, resulting in modest statistical significance. In this study, we corroborated the AFM technique’s capability to identify bladder cancer cells with high accuracy using a controlled model system of genetically purified human bladder epithelial cell lines, comparing cancerous cells with nonmalignant controls. By processing AFM adhesion maps through machine learning algorithms, following previously established methods, we achieved an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.97, with 91% accuracy in cancer cell identification. Furthermore, we enhanced cancer detection by incorporating multiple imaging channels recorded with AFM operating in Ringing mode, achieving an AUC of 0.99 and 93% accuracy. These results demonstrated strong statistical significance (p < 0.0001) in this well-defined model system. While this controlled study does not capture the biological variation present in clinical settings, it provides independent support for AFM-based detection methods and establishes a rigorous technical foundation for further clinical development of AFM imaging-based methods for bladder cancer detection.