bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROKEYA SAKHAWAT HOSSAIN’S SULTANA’S DREAM: AN AVANT-GARDE OF ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE OF WOMEN TOWARDS FREEDOM
Authors: Alam Mahbubul , Rima Nawshan Ara
Published: December 2020

Critics and research scholars, so far have observed and considered Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain’s (1880-1932) Sultana’s Dream to be a feminist utopia- an imaginary place of ideal perfection or any non-existent society described in her considerable detail-overlooking main purpose, to an extent, in writing the novella. When the idea of female emancipation and awakening was completely unknown and unimaginable to Indian women in general, Begum Rokeya tried to instill its zeal in these ignorant women, got them to believe in their power, and showed a way of their ultimate freedom as something real and possible through a dream. The bitter discrimination she experienced in her own family as a girl, and the misfortune of the women of her society and women of undivided India bled her soft heart and urged her to work for the advancement and empowerment of women breaking all the traditional, social, cultural and religious barriers. In this regard, besides quality education, she believed that the first and the most important condition for female emancipation is self-reliance or economic independence where she differed from all other major contemporary feminists of the world for her unequivocal approach. The paper, therefore, aims at exposing the pathetic consequences of deprived and distressed women drowned under the dirt of illiteracy, fanaticism, superstitions, and prejudices showing the way they can be educated, economically solvent, self-reliant towards ultimate freedom and attributed state power and responsibilities which Begum Rokeya presents in the disguise of a dream in Sultana’s Dream.
NEED ANALYSIS OF ESP FOR NON-ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
Authors: Ekayati Rini , Manurung Imelda Darmayanti , Yenni Elvita
Published: December 2020

In non-English study programs, English learning material is arranged based on the specificities of the English learners themselves, commonly known as English for Specific Purpose (ESP). By using a qualitative approach and descriptive method, this study aims to map the students’ English language skills, determine the objectives of learning English, and the concept of ESP material needed by students in the non-English Study Program at  UMSU. Sources of data in this study were 80 (eighty) respondents (students) from non-English study programs who had already completed their general English course. Data analysis was performed by using qualitative descriptive methods in terms of numbers and percentages. The results show that the students’ needs vary from one student to another depending on their respective fields of knowledge. The students’ average ability starts from the low until intermediate level, and speaking and listening skills cover those needed by the learners of the respective study program. Their learning objectives are divided into two criteria, short-term goals related to current needs such as academic/educational needs and long-term goals related to their world of work after completing education. The concept of ESP English learning needed depends on the varying needs of each existing non-English study program. Thus, the ESP concept that is designed must be adapted to these needs.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FOAMED EMULSION COMBUSTION: EFFECTS OF OXYGEN, DICHLOROETHANE, AND GLYCEROL CONCENTRATIONS
Authors:   Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korshunov A.
Published: December 2020

The paper considers experimentally the issue of combustion of foamed emulsions prepared via bubbling of the emulsion with the use of oxygen/nitrogen mixture.
STABILITY OF ULTRALEAN HYDROGEN FLAMES IN TERRESTRIAL CONDITIONS
Authors:   Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakovenko I. , Melnikova K. ,   Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kiverin A. ,   Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of specific features of flame dynamics in ultralean hydrogen-air mixtures in terrestrial gravity conditions. By means of numerical methods, it is shown that gasdynamic flows, which develop due to the buoyancy force acting on the hot combustion products, play a crucial role on the overall ultralean flame dynamics from the earliest stage after ignition and up to the large-scale motion of the developed flame. Immediately after ignition, convective flows determine the stability of flame kernel. It is shown that, on the one hand, despite the “superadiabatic” temperature of the flame products that is considered as one of the main stability factors of the ultralean flames in microgravity conditions, the influence of convective flows on the ultralean flames in terrestrial gravity conditions can alter flammability limits from that measured in microgravity. On the other hand, the propagation dynamics of the stable flame kernels is also mainly determined by the buoyancy forces. Rising velocity of the flame kernel in the ultralean mixture occurs to be much greater than the burning velocity and correlates well with estimations obtained for the bubble rising in liquid. Apart from the upward rising, the developed flame is shown to be expanding laterally; so, the complex large-scale flame structure is observed which could be a possible threat for explosion and fire safety for many industrial environments.
ON THE MECHANISMS OF POROUS SILICON COMBUSTION IN OXYGEN AND AIR ATMOSPHERE WHEN SODIUM PERCHLORATE IS INCORPORATED IN PORES
Authors:   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, MIRONOV V. N. , PENYAZKOV O. G. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, KRIVOSHEYEV P. N. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, IVANOV I. A. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, KASPAROV K. N. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ROSHCHIN L. Yu. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: December 2020

The processes of pSi ignition and combustion in oxygen are described. When spark ignition in the porous layer releases the Joule heat, it leads to a significant heating-up of the breakdown region.
THERMAL BEHAVIOR AND IGNITION OF HIGH-ENERGY MATERIALS CONTAINING B, ALB2, AND TIB2
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Korotkikh A. G. , Arkhipov V. A. ,   Tomsk State University, Sorokin I. V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Selikhova E. A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of ignition and thermal behavior for samples of high-energy materials (HEM) based on ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), active binder and powders of Al, B, AlB2, and TiB2. A CO2 laser with a heat flux density range of 90-200 W/cm2 was used for studies of ignition. The activation energy and characteristics of ignition for the HEM samples were determined. Also, the ignition delay time and the surface temperature of the reaction layer during the heating and ignition for the HEM samples were determined. It was found that the complete replacement of micron-sized aluminum powder by amorphous boron in a HEM sample leads to a considerable decrease in the ignition delay time by a factor of 2.2-2.8 at the same heat flux density due to high chemical activity and the difference in the oxidation mechanisms of boron particles. The use of aluminum diboride in a HEM sample allows one to reduce the ignition delay time of a HEM sample by a factor of 1.7-2.2. The quasi-stationary ignition temperature is the same for the AlB2-based and AlB12-based HEM samples.
IGNITION AND STABILIZATION OF HOMOGENEOUS COMBUSTION IN HIGH-SPEED FLOW BY PULSE-PERIODIC LASER RADIATION
Authors:   S. A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zudov V. N. , Tretyakov P. K. ,   S. A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tupikin A. V. ,   S. A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The paper present the results of an experimental study of the effect of focused pulsed-periodic radiation from a CO2 laser on the initiation and development of a combustion process in subsonic and supersonic flows of homogeneous fuel-air mixtures (H2 + air and CH4 + air). The radiation from the CO2 laser propagated across the stream and was focused on the jet axis. To register the flow structure, a schlieren imaging setup with a slit and a flat knife was used. The image was recorded by a high-speed camera with exposure time of 1.5 s and frame rate of 1000 fps. At the same time, spectrozonal recording (at the wavelength of OH* and CH* radiation) and emission spectroscopy (in the wavelength range of 210-780 nm) was carried out. Stable ignition of methane and hydrogen-air mixture has been obtained at supersonic outflow into the flooded space. The results of the spectrozonal registration indicate the occurrence of combustion reactions in the wake behind the optical discharge region. The analysis of the radiation spectrum of optical discharge in a supersonic flow revealed the main types of radicals present in the plasma. Strong intensity was found in the H lines, which cannot help but affect the development of the initiation and behavior of the combustion process in the wake of the optical discharge.
FLAME FRONT DYNAMIC STUDIES BEFORE THE ONSET OF DETONATION IN DILUTED STOICHIOMETRIC ACETYLENE-OXYGEN MIXTURES
Authors:   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Baranyshyn Ya. A. , Krivosheyev P. N. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Penyazkov O. G. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Sevrouk K. L. ,   A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: December 2020

The results of experimental research of deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in stoichiometric mixtures of acetylene-oxygen diluted by 70% argon or 60% nitrogen in round smooth tube with diameter of 0.04 m in the mode of low-energy initiation of combustion by a spark discharge (0.8 mJ) are presented. Simultaneous registration of shock wave propagation by high-frequency pressure sensors and the reaction front propagation by ionization sensors allowed us to obtain the quantitative data on the dynamics of the formed shock wave, local velocity of the flame front, and its spatial configuration (relative to the walls of the tube) and to determine the length of the flame and the distance between the shock wave and the flame front in the process of its acceleration. Two typical stages of flame acceleration were observed in experiments. At flame velocities less than the sound velocity of the products, the spatial configuration of the flame front was very unstable and its strong transverse oscillations were recorded. With further increase in the speed, the spatial configuration of the flame front was stabilized before transition to detonation. The high-speed video recording of the glow at the DDT made it possible to register the appearance of hot spots and to determine their position relative to the tube walls and the front flame front. It is established that after the flame front attains a speed of an order of sound speed in the products, near a tube wall between a shock wave and a flame front, there is a hot spot from which the detonation wave develops. In the mixture diluted with argon, several hot spots were often observed simultaneously. In the mixture diluted with nitrogen, weak initiation modes were observed, in which the emergence of the hot spot did not lead to the development of detonation over long distances (more than a meter). In a mixture diluted with argon, the occurrence of a hot spot always led to detonation.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE EFFECT OF INITIAL NONUNIFORMITY AND FLUCTUATIONS OF FUEL CONCENTRATION ON COMBUSTION STABILITY AND NOX AND CO EMISSION IN A LEAN PREMIXED METHANE/AIR COMBUSTOR
Authors:   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Yakubovskiy K. Ya. , Lebedev A. B. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors, Toktaliev P. D. ,   P. I. Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors
Published: December 2020

The effect of initial nonuniformity and fluctuations of fuel concentration on the combustion stability and NOx and CO emission in the model combustion chamber was analyzed with the use of previously developed simple and computationally inexpensive Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methodology for simulation of three-dimensional unsteady turbulent flows with premixed combustion of methane-air mixture in low-emission combustion chamber which geometry is represented by channel with the backward facing step. Typical sizes of the combustion chamber, flow parameters, turbulence level, and method of flame front stabilization are close to those of full-sized industrial combustors.
“Nunc eo ingenio sum.” Philologie et écriture de soi dans les Variae lectiones de Marc-Antoine Muret
Authors: Claire Lucie
Published: December 2020

The collection Variae lectiones by Marc-Antoine Muret (1526-1585), which is part of the humanist tradition of miscellanea, is characterized by the prominent presence of the first person. This article proposes to study the relationship between philology and writing about oneself by examining the different kinds of ‟Iˮ used by Muret. Staking at the outset a claim to auctoritas, the ‟Iˮ of Variae lectiones refers above all to a scholarly and erudite persona, which the French humanist develops with the ambition of consolidating his personal reputation at a
crucial period of his career in Italy. Finally, while writing as a philologist, Muret sometimes reveals himself through his readings of the Ancients, and hints at a more intimate ‟Iˮ which emerges in some accounts of episodes experienced.
The phenomenon of imams’ emotional burnout
Authors: Galieva G. F.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of an assessment that considers the prevalence and severity of emotional burnout among imams. The study involved 30 imams attending Advanced training courses at Russian Islamic Institute. All the participants were of a masculine gender between the ages of 32 and 55 and who have been imams for 10 up to 28 years. To identify and assess the level of a burnout syndrome in the study, we used the following questionnaires and methodologies: «Rapid assessment of burnout» by V. Capponi, T. Novak, MBI questionnaire by K. Maslach, S. Jackson in the adaptation of N.E. Vodopyanova, a methodology by V.V. Boyko for diagnosing the level of emotional burnout. Analysis of the study results revealed that the majority of imams examined revealed the signs of burnout, although not severe, closer to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization syndrome. This fact displays the need of conducting corrective and preventive measures for preventing the further development of the syndrome.
Broken Home Mengakibatkan Perilaku Menyimpang
Authors: Mardhiyah Bahjatul
Published: December 2020

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan perilaku kekanak-kanakan menjadi remaja yang tahu dengan baik-buruknya kehidupan. Seiring berjalannya waktu membuat anak-anak menjadi remaja yang memiliki banyak pergaulan di lingkungan kehidupannya, baik pergaulan positif ataupun pergaulan negatif. Di zaman sekarang banyak orang tua yang tidak peduli akan resiko yang akan di tanggung anaknya akibat perceraian orang tuanya, maka dari itu banyak remaja berperilaku yang tidak senonoh akibat dari keputusan orang tua yang tidak mikirkan anaknya.
Canonical dualism the vacuum Wheeler-Schwinger
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: December 2020

Canonical vacuum Wheeler-Schwinger
ANALISIS DATA BERKALA DENGAN METODE SEMI AVERAGE STUDI KASUS PT.ANGKASA JAYA
Authors: Waruwu Doktrin Ivan Khalik , Hilman Aloysius , Fadilah Rizki Nanda , Sera Viona
Published: December 2020

– PT. Angkasa Jaya merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pangan. Perusahaanini mengalami proses naik turun pendapatan atau keuntungan setiap tahunnya selama proses perjalananusaha pangan tersebut. Untuk menghitung rata-rata pendapatan tiap tahunnya, serta untuk melakukanperamalan pendapatan pada tahun- tahun berikutnya, maka digunakanlah analisis data berkala denganmetode semi average. Analisis statistika bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara duaatau lebih peubah. Bila hubungan demikian ini dapat dinyatakan dalam bentuk rumus matematik, makakita akan dapat menggunakannya untuk keperluan peramalan. Peramalan adalah proses untukmemperkirakan beberapa kebutuhan dimasa yang akan datang. Peramalan dilakukan denganmemanfaatkan informasi terbaik yang ada pada masa itu, untuk menimbang kegiatan di masa yang akandatang agar tujuan yang diinginkan dapat tercapai.
Cubilin is transcriptionally modulated in the spinal cords of salamanders following traumatic resection.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

In nature, there are extraordinary creatures that have the ability to regenerate spinal cord tissue following traumatic injuries (1, 2, 3, 4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion how this process transpires, by studying transcription at the systems level in the spinal cord tissue of axolotl salamanders following traumatic cord resection. We identified CUBN, encoding cubilin, as among the genes whose expression changes most significantly in the spinal cords of salamanders during the regenerative process. CUBN is likely one of many molecules whose modulation at the level of gene expression, in a complex, multi-step process, is critical for rebuilding the spinal cord.
Constructing an Inadequate Human Rights Regime: Indonesia and the Deliberate Weakening of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights Authority
Authors: Darwis
Published: December 2020

The establishment of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights in 2019 provided hopes for the advancement of human rights in Southeast Asia. As a region that puts forward the notions of consensus and non-sovereignty, concluding regional human rights norms is seen as a first step in solidifying human rights protection in the region. Unfortunately, since its establishment, the commission has failed to fulfill the expectations to implement protection-based regional norms in Southeast Asia, measured by their failure to effectively respond to systemic human rights abuses in the region. This article employs the Neoliberal Institutionalist’s view of Hegemonic Stability Theory (specifically to Robert Keohane) in analyzing how regional hegemons such as Indonesia, have deliberately directed the establishment of a weak human rights regime, in the form of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights, which is proven by; (1) The Commission’s deficiencies in human rights protection, and (2) Indonesia’s lack of political will in solidifying human rights regimes in Southeast Asia.
In silico evaluation of isatin-based derivatives with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: M Rajesh Kumar , Gideon Daniel Andrew , Mariadasse Richard , Nirusimhan Vijay , A Sherlin Rosita. , E Jesu Castin , Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman , Dhayabaran V. Violet
Published: December 2020

Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione)-containing compounds have been shown to possess several remarkable biological activities. We had previously explored a few isatin-based imidazole derivatives for their predicted dual activity against both inflammation and cancer. We explored 47 different isatin-based derivatives (IBDs) for other potential biological activities using in silico tools and found them to possess anti-viral activity. Using AUTODOCK tools, the binding site, binding energy, inhibitory constant/Ki and receptor-ligand interactions for each of the compounds was analyzed against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The partition coefficient (logP) values were predicted using MedChem Designer tool. Based on the best Ki, binding energy and the ideal range of logP (between 1.0-3.0), 10 out of total 47 compounds were deemed to be prospective RdRp inhibitors. Some of these compounds gave better Ki, binding energy and logP values when compared to standard RdRp inhibitors such as remdesivir (Ki = 15.61 μM, logP = 2.2; binding energy = -6.95), a clinically approved RdRp inhibitor which is widely used for critical care of COVID-19 patients. The same in silico parameters were assessed for 9 other popular RdRp inhibitors (other than remdesivir), which were earlier used to target RdRp of other viruses, and are now repurposed to target SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. The results showed that the 10 selected isatin-based derivatives (IBDs) could be further explored for activity against SARS-Cov-2. In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of these compounds in silico.
PENGARUH PERSIAPAN DAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP FISIK DAN PSIKIS MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE DI RUMAH AJA
Authors: Yanti Putri
Published: December 2020

Pandemi Covid-19 mulai menyebar di Indonesia sejak bulan Maret yang lalu. Di mana, Wuhan merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab munculnya virus ini. Semenjak virus ini menyebar ke berbagai belahan dunia, Indonesia termasuk salah satu negaranya. Sejak Maret yang lalu, aktifitas di Indonesia mulai dikurangi khususnya untuk menempuh pendidikan. Sehingga seluruh pelajar, khususnya mahasiswa harus melakukan pembelajaran via online di rumah aja. Pembelajaran ketika di rumah aja sangat erat kaitannya dengan kondisi fisik dan psikis mahasiswa yang dipengaruhi oleh persiapan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran dan kondisi lingkungannya.
Benford’s Law Application: Case of Elections in Sri Lanka
Authors: Quarm Richmond Sam , Busharads Mohamed Osman Elamin
Published: December 2020

Sri Lanka, like many developing countries has been involved in a circle of allegations of election fraud. Usually these claims are pronounced more by losing parties. This study uses Benford’s law, a law of probability distribution of digits, to investigate whether the election fraud claims might have merit. A sample in this study is made of 808 election data. This data comes from the 2010 Presidential election for representatives from three major political parties and from 2010 General Election data. All of the data points were obtained through reliable government sources, two of which are, the Department of Elections website of Sri Lanka, and the National News Paper statistics (2010). The study contrasts the distribution of the first digit of election results against the Benford’s Law benchmark. After obtaining the results, we organize the data and find median, mean, mode and standard deviation. The preliminary results showe that the data does not align with Benford’s law predictions. In other words, it shows that the data does not follow the law where the mean is larger than the median and there is a positive skewness then it likely follows a Benford’s distribution. The distribution of the first digit of actual data for three parties disagrees with Benford's law. This misalignment is more pronounced for the winning party than for the second and third place parties, respectively. We, therefore, look forward to run the data through several critical analyses and observing if there shall be any fraud or manipulation in numbers.
Primary synovial sarcoma thyroid: an unusual presentation
Authors: Srivastava Pallavi , Anand Nidhi , Husain Nuzhat
Published: December 2020

Primary Synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland is a rare sarcoma. We report a case of synovial sarcoma of the thyroid gland in a 2-yr-old boy presenting with a palpable progressively increasing neck mass, high resolution ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous lesion measuring 5 x 4 cm identified in the right lobe compressing the left lobe. A total thyroidectomy was performed and grossly both the lobes were involved. Histologically, the tumor was a biphasic synovial sarcoma which was confirmed by immunohistochemical markers showing positive expression for vimentin, Epithelial membrane antigen &Transducin-like enhancer of split-1. This is an unusual location for the occurrence of primary synovial sarcoma and aggressive nature the early diagnosis is difficult, and no definite treatment regimens are being defined due to the rarity of neoplasm.
Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of proximal stomach; a rare but sinister pathology
Authors: Gaire Deepshikha , Maharjan Daisy , Sharma Nisha
Published: December 2020

Mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract comprising of both epithelial and neuroendocrine components, each representing at least 30% of the tumor. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, radiological findings, histopathological features in conjunction with immunostaining with specific neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, and markers of epithelial differentiation such as cytokeratin, CDX2, and carcinoembryonic antigen. A 50-year-old female presented with a history of dysphagia, chest pain, anorexia, and significant weight loss with normal physical findings and baseline investigations. Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed growth at the gastroesophageal junction involving cardia of the stomach. Histopathological examination of the resected mass showed both adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinomatous components each involving more than 30% of total mass examined. Identifying adenocarcinoma component admixed with a high-grade neuroendocrine component is significant as the prognosis and survival of patients differ from pure adenocarcinoma.
Handling and processing of pathology samples of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patient
Authors: Karki Diksha , Upadhyaya Paricha , Adhikari Purbesh , Dahal Mona , Yadav Jitendra Kumar
Published: December 2020

The SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a major public health concern. Human to human transmission has been confirmed via droplets, contaminated surfaces, and hands. All the staffs and personnel working in the laboratory are also at risk of contracting this infection, especially during the handling and processing of samples from suspected or confirmed patients of COVID-19. With no definite treatment and vaccine in sight, the way forward is to break the chain of transmission by eliminating the risk of exposure to laboratory staffs by proper handling and processing of all the samples in an appropriate containment level laboratory, proper use of personal protective equipment with special attention on disposal and decontamination of work surfaces.
Les équivalences discursives et les suites préconstruites
Authors: Gross Gaston
Published: December 2020

A given predicate is defined by a set of properties which combine and which automatically generate all the sentences it allows. Among them, we note the number and the semantic class of the arguments which characterize it, the adjectival and adverbial modifiers which can be added tothe scheme of arguments as well as all the transformations which affect each of these units. The speaker is responsible for attributing to sentences the set of all the forms that language allows him to generate. What has just been said can be considered as a definition of syntax.But this situation is far from exhausting the description of a language. J. Dubois and especially Maurice Gross have devoted large-scale work to fixed expressions, that is to say, to the restrictions relating to the combinatorics usually observed around a given predicate. These studies have focused on the limitations of grammar rules as they are generally described. These two authors have drawn up lists of tens of thousands of “fixed” verbs and have highlighted the limits of this fixing. However, they made an observation without highlighting the causes of the fixing, which is a much more complex linguistic fact than this work suggests. The purpose of this article is twofold. On the one hand, it emphasizes what can be called discursive equivalences: in a given situation, the same idea can be translated by expressions which have no obvious link between them, as in: con comme la lune, con comme un balai, con comme une baleine, con comme une bite, con comme une valise. Another example: voici belle lurette, voici longtemps, voici un temps fou, voici une paille, voici une paye. It goes without saying that the speaker is not master of these expressions, because they are written in the language. This article shows that these equivalences are very numerous. On the other hand, I. Mel’čuk initiated important work on pragmatemes. Again the “regular” syntax is defective. All these cases are in fact examples of pre-constructed sequences, of which this article attempts to make a first classification. These sequences are explained by specific communication conditions as seen with these examples:a) Doubt or reluctance in the face of information that one can hardly believe:à d’autres !, à d’autres mais pas à moi !, à d’autres mais pas à nous !

b) Criticism of a work that is considered null and uninteresting:c’est de la bouillie pour les chats, c’est de la bricole, c’est de la briquette, c’est de la couille,c’est de la merde, c’est de la piquette, c’est du flan, c’est du pipeau, c’est du vent.This is long-term work, which allows us to renew certain theoretical perspectives.
Formules de remerciement en français et en polonais utilisées dans la communication en ligne (approche pragmatique)
Authors: Łobko Kamila
Published: December 2020

Thanking, belonging to expressive speech acts, according to the classification by Searle (1969), can be regarded as worth exploring due to the fact that gratitude, as a component of value systems, is as the fundamental emotion underlying social relations, and thus reflected in the language, especially fixed expressions, crucial for linguistic politeness. The aim of the present research is to compare explicit and implicit formulas (as referred to by Kerbrat-Orecchioni 2001) of the act of thanking in French and Polish. The examined material is composed of exemplary utterances retrieved from blogs, social networking sites, and internet fora. The methodology used includes studies on speech act theory (Austin 1962), typology of speech acts (Searle 1969), as well as research papers on language politeness by Kerbrat-Orecchioni (1996, 2001) and gratitude (SieradzkaBaziur 2017). Moreover, the author refers to comparative studies on politeness acts conducted up to now (Romero 2000, Rădulescu and Scurtu 2003, Perez 2005, Grossmann and Krzyżanowska 2018, Meng 2012). The author classifies collected explicit and implicit utterances, juxtaposing French and Polish examples and providing an analysis based on pragmatic parameters. As a result, the author creates a corpus of utterances used for expressing gratitude along with a study on diverse thanking formulas in both languages.
Composizione-univerbazione? Le oscillazioni di grafia nei produttivi composti italiani a schema (N) VN sul materiale linguistico tratto da La Gazzetta dello Sport negli anni 2016—2020
Authors: Godzich Anna
Published: December 2020

Word-formation and compounding in Italian present many interesting challenges (classification of compounds, its interpretation and types of semantic relationship that may hold between the compound’s elements). This article attempts to examine a different one — the orthography of one productive compounding pattern in present-day Italian, that is Verb + Noun compounds. Various accounts of Verb + Noun ortography are reviewed, with special focus on the status of hyphenated words. In light of this data, the author focuces also on the problem of inclusion of compounds as multi-word units by dictionaries. The aim of this research is to contrast theoretical prescriptions with some data samples of Italian (Noun) Verb + Noun compounds drawn from La Gazzetta dello Sport (2016—2020). With this analysis the author wants to examine more in detail whether the use reflects what Italian grammarians claim about the Verb + Noun compounds ortography rules, because in various researches conducted in this field that aspect has often been neglected.
Nelly Arcan, une postféministe?
Authors: Berek Ewelina
Published: December 2020

The article proposes to reconsider the place taken by Nelly Arcan’s work in the women’s and feminist thinking in Quebec in the last years. The author discusses the concepts like the passivity of writer’s main characters, her conception of femininity and the fatalism which characterize her female characters. The aim of the article is to shed light in Nelly Arcan’s vision and renewal of the contemporary Quebecer literature. Her intimate, provocative, furious and dark novels bring out the deadlock on the women’s thinking nowadays and challenge the achievements of the claims of the feminist movements.
Madeleine Blais-Dahlem et sa vision de l’autotraduction
Authors: Czubińska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Nowadays self-translation remains a frequent practice in the literary field in Canada. A close reading of the self-translations done by Canadian writers such as Nancy Houston, Marco Micone or Patrice Desbiens allows to discover each author’s own vision of self-translation as a creative process. The aim of the paper is to determine, through a comparative analysis of excerpts from the two language versions of the play La Maculée/sTain (2012) and the latest bilingual novel La voix de mon père / My Father’s Voice (2015) by Fransaskois playwright Madeleine Blais-Dahlem, to what extent her self-translating practice guides the reading of the text. Examiningthe back and forth between the two versions of the same work will allow to delve deeper into the subject of the identity and privileged status of the translator (Tanqueiro 2009: 109, Saint 2018: 120), but also into the role and skills of the receiver of Madeleine Blais-Dahlem’s bilingual writings.
La traduction littéraire qui n’est pas que la traduction. Sur les enjeux traductologiques au Canada
Authors: Warmuzińska-Rogóż Joanna
Published: December 2020

The article aims to take a close look at the literary relations between English- and French-speaking Canada. Among different possibilities, the author analyzes specific cases concerning literary prizes, in particular winners of the Governor General’s Prize in the category of translation. As it is one of the most prestigious awards in Canada, it undoubtedly conditions the reception of a literary work, being a symbol of prestige. The choice of the jury can sometimes seem surprising or even confusing, as it was the case of Nancy Huston or Jacques Brault who won the prize in the category of translation. Without a doubt, the specificity of the translation à la canadienne goes beyond any distinctions and descriptions and – being also a political issue – revolts against all control and all interference.
The use of sewage sludge and diatomite as growing medium in scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling production and evaluation of its land performance
Authors: Kose Murat , Angin Ilker , Demirci Fatih , Oncul Omer , Ugurlu Caglar
Published: December 2020

Although several organic and inorganic substrates are added to growing media for improving its physical and chemical characteristics, the need for search of new materials and/or mixtures that reduces the high-priced peat content in substrates is still interesting. This study evaluated the feasibility of reducing the peat content in substrates by replacing it with different amounts of diatomite and sewage sludge for Scots pine seedling (Pinus sylvestris L.) growth and their land performance. In order to evaluate the feasibility of reducing the peat content in substrates by replacing it with different amounts of diatomite and sewage sludge, an experiment was carried out in a temperature-controlled greenhouse under natural light. To evaluate the land performance of Scots pine seedlings grown in different substrates, a trial was established between the years 2013-2017 in Sarıkamış, Kars (NE Anatolia). Sewage sludge application, due to its high organic matter and macro and micronutrient content, has improved the composition of the rhizosphere, thereby resulting in growth acceleration. As a result of the evaluations made in terms of both seedling morphological characteristics and land performance; the best performance was determined in the 9th (50%P+50%SS) and 3rd (75%SS+25%DE) mixtures.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА КОНФЛИКТОГЕННЫХ ЗОН В СИСТЕМЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ НА ПРИМЕРЕ СТАЦИОНАРНОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Низова Л. М. , Рыбаков А. В.
Published: December 2020

This article examines the specifics of conflicts in the sphere of social services for elderly citizens. The significance of this phenomenon is updated in order to improve the quality of social services in the framework of the national regional project “Older generation”. In order to clarify the causes of conflicts, author's monitoring of social services for citizens over the past five years and an empirical study of two categories of respondents: professional providers and recipients of social services living in a stationary institution of the state budget institution of the Republic of Mari El Yoshkar-Ola residential home for the elderly and disabled “Pine grove” were conducted. The reason for the presented research was the causes of conflicts, the objects and frequency of conflict situations, the most acceptable outcomes of conflicts, strategies for the behavior of recipients and service providers, as well as measures to prevent the occurrence of conflict situations in an inpatient social service institution. A wide Arsenal of conflict zones is revealed: between residents, employees and recipients of social services, between employees and the administration. The main reasons are dissatisfaction with the quality of services, sometimes inconsistency of stay in a boarding school in the usual favorable environment, high psychological stress and emotional burnout of employees. Prevention measures should include lectures on conflict zones, social responsibility for their behavior, strict compliance with the rules and regulations of residence, and others. The relevance of conflict zones in the conditions of a stationary institution dictates the need for further experimental and empirical research on this issue.
Isolation, Structural Characterization and Identification of Major Constituents in Ephedra foliata Naturally Growing in Iraq by TLC, GC-MS and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS
Authors: Khaleefa Ahmed S. , N.  Hamad Maha
Published: December 2020

Abstract:

   The aerial part of Ephedra foliata Family Ephedraceae have long been used in traditional medicine and now Ephedra species have medicinal, ecological, and commercial value. The variety of pharmacological actions of this plant is due to its chemical constituents. Ephedrine and related alkaloids; are the newly potential medicinal value of Ephedra supplements for weight loss or performance improvement. Other pharmacological actions like antibacterial and antifungal effects of the phenolic acid compounds, the immunosuppressive action of the polysaccharides, and the antitumor action of flavonoids. The genus of this plant wildly distributed throughout asia, america, europe, and north africa.  Aim of study:  this study is to screen the phytochemical constituents due to the importance of pharmacological actions of this plant.

Methods:  the aerial part of E. foliata was macerated in 80% ethanol for 9 days and fractionated by n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol fractions, and isolated compounds were analyzed by GC-MS, TLC, UPLC ESI MS/MS.

Results and discussion: The various chromatographic and spectroscopic results indicate  the presence of a different type of phytochemicals like ephedrine, 6hka, vicenin 2 and quercetin 3-sophoroside-7-rhamnoside.
CYP2D6 Genotype in Relation to Liver Toxicity Due to Tetrabenazine in Iraqi Patients with Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders
Authors: Abbood Zainab A. , Ali Shatha H. , Sheaheed Nawfal M.
Published: December 2020

Abstract

The  common types of movement disorders are ; dystonia which is a syndrome  of  repetitive muscle contractions. While , Huntington disease is autosomal dominant progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which is characterized by involuntary movements (“chorea”).

Tetrabenazine therapy has been shown to effectively control this movements compared with placebo.

Design the proper dosing approach for patients treated with tetrabenazine with genotype polymorphisms and their hepatic effect on patients.

A prospective case controlled study was carried on 50 patients whom    divided into 2 groups :first group involved 25 patients who had chorea, and group 2 included  patients with dystonia, whom treated with (tetrabenazine) for three months. In addition to control group involved 25 healthy subjects . Blood samples were collected at the beginning and after three months  to assess  liver function  in relation to genetic polymorphism of CYP 450 2D6 enzyme for both groups and measuring the plasma concentration of tetrabenazine , alpha and beta  dyhdrotetrabenazine.

The results show a significant CYP 450 2D6 enzyme polymorphism. And elevations of liver enzymes in the patient indicate hepatotoxicity of tetrabenazine and its metabolites,

Determination a genotype of the CYP 450 2D6  genes in Iraqi patients, in relation  to the safety and efficacy of tetrabenazine  .
THE ROLE OF AGILE SOFTWARE ARCHITECT IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL DISRUPTION AND TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Dragičević Zoran , Bošnjak Saša
Published: December 2020

The consequence of the increasing development and use of digital technologies, in every segment of society, is the emergence of digital disruption - a powerful external pressure that is changing the way business is done in all industries. Businesses are responding to digital disruption by digital transformation, which involves organizational change, redefining and aligning digital and business strategies, new business models, increased agility of software development and delivery processes, migration and/or integration of legacy systems using cloud-based platforms and ecosystems. In such a context, one of the key responsibilities of a software architect is to maintain the agility of the organization by defending the flexibility of digital strategy and IT resources so that the enterprise is able to transform and respond adequately and rapidly to the effects of digital disruption. In this regard, the question arises as to how digital disruption and business transformation affect the change in the role, importance, competence and agility of a software architect, especially in the context of the development of complex business software systems. This paper aims to present the role of an agile software architect in the era of digital disruption and transformation, by integrating the results of theoretical and empirical research. A systematic literature review identifies the role, importance, and competencies of a software architect in implementing agile architecture. In other hand, empirical research, based on a case study in a large enterprise, provides a better understanding of the importance of software architect for aligning business and digital strategy, as well as its contribution to increasing the agility of the process of developing, delivering and integrating complex business software systems.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES FORMING A PERCEPTION OF CORPORATE IMAGE BRAND IN THE CROATIAN BANKING INDUSTRY
Authors: Pirić Valentina , Martinović Maja , Koričan Lajtman Mirna
Published: December 2020

The banking industry is currently at the forefront of the development of technolo¬gy-based service delivery, and the survival of banks depends on their ability to deal with the environmental challenges. Due to these challenges, many banks are faced with an identity crisis and increased customer migration rates that negatively affect the levels of business profitability. Croatian market ads additionally challenge almost 30 banks currently operating with customers that are extremely price sensitive. Research shows that in the banking sector, a favorable image is considered a critical aspect of a company’s ability to maintain its market position, as the image has been related to core attributes of organizational success. This paper studies the dimensions of corporate image, focusing on the corporate image concept in the Croatian banking industry as perceived by consumers and its possible impact on their choice of banks. The purpose of this study is to give an insight and provide a deeper understanding of how the banks, by developing a strong and consistent corporate image using corporate communication activities, ensure a long-term source of sustainable competitive advantage and influence on customers’ end choice. A study was carried out in Croatia during 2019 using 250 respondents-consumers who used different types of banking services in different banks. Series of ANOVA analysis shows how the perception of the corporate image of the bank and its influence on the customer’s choice of the bank, bank loyalty and the quality of the bank services varies depending on some demographic and social variables. Results pose implications for bank communications and service positioning within customer segments. This research raises ideas for future studies as well.
Breve revisão bibliográfica sobre os efeitos do licopeno em neoplasias prostáticas
Authors: Selegato Neto Ricardo Selegato Neto , Lobo Barbosa Camila , Marcucci Maria Cristina , De Melo Adriana
Published: December 2020

Nesse artigo, foram abordadas as atividades do licopeno, buscando as suas propriedades funcionais e se é possível utilizá-lo como forma de prevenção no câncer de próstata. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, consultando-se a base de dados da Pubmed nos últimos dez anos, afim de buscar como o licopeno, presente em carotenoides como o tomate, melancia, goiaba, entre outros alimentos, poderia ser utilizado para a prevenção do câncer ora mencionado e se existem dados científicos que suportem essa teoria. Os resultados mostram informações conflitantes, a grande maioria dos dados revisados, não apresenta provas suficientes para suportar o uso do licopeno na prevenção do câncer de próstata, entretanto, em casos isolados, houve uma diminuição em marcadores câncerígenos após o aumento do consumo de licopeno.
Behind the stage of a literary text. ‘Custom is despot among men’
Authors: Tsimbaeva E. N.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes physical and physiological problems caused by fashionable clothing in the mid-18th to early 20th cc. that shaped people’s appearances and lifestyles in the past. Affecting the skeletal system and the functioning of internal organs and brain in particular and causing various illnesses, these problems went largely unrecognized by contemporaries, including writers, but would inevitably surface in literary works as part and parcel of everyday life. Without understanding their role, one may struggle to comprehend not only plot twists and characters’ motivations but also the mentality of the bygone era as portrayed in fiction. Chronologically, the research covers the period from the mid-18th c. to World War I. The author only focuses on so-called respectable society (a very tentative term that covers members of the aristocracy and other classes with comparable lifestyles), since it was this group which drew the most attention from fiction writers of the period. The scholar chose to concentrate on the kind of daily realia of ‘noble society’ that permeate works by Russian, English, French and, to some extent, German authors, considered most prominent in Europe at the time.