bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nobiletin Stimulates Chloride Secretion in Human Bronchial Epithelia via a cAMP/PKA-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Hao Yuan , Cheung Cindy S.T. , Yip Wallace C.Y. , Ko Wing-hung
Published: August 2015

Background/Aims: Nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid isolated from tangerines, alters ion transport functions in intestinal epithelia, and has antagonistic effects on eosinophilic airway inflammation of asthmatic rats. The present study examined the effects of nobiletin on basal short-circuit current (ISC) in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE14o-), and characterized the signal transduction pathways that allowed nobiletin to regulate electrolyte transport. Methods: The ISC measurement technique was used for transepithelial electrical measurements. Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and cAMP were also quantified. Results: Nobiletin stimulated a concentration-dependent increase in ISC, which was due to Cl- secretion. The increase in ISC was inhibited by a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitor (CFTRinh-172), but not by 4,4'-diisothiocyano-stilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS), Chromanol 293B, clotrimazole, or TRAM-34. Nobiletin-stimulated ISC was also sensitive to a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, H89, and an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, MDL-12330A. Nobiletin could not stimulate any increase in ISC in a cystic fibrosis (CF) cell line, CFBE41o-, which lacked a functional CFTR. Nobiletin stimulated a real-time increase in cAMP, but not [Ca2+]i. Conclusion: Nobiletin stimulated transepithelial Cl- secretion across human bronchial epithelia. The mechanisms involved activation of adenylate cyclase- and cAMP/PKA-dependent pathways, leading to activation of apical CFTR Cl- channels.
Therapeutic Effects of Transplantation of As-MiR-937-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Liu Zhen , Wang Cunfu , Wang Xiao , Xu Shunliang
Published: August 2015

Background/Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common dementias among aged people, and is clinically characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral and learning dysfunction and cognitive deficits. So far, this is no cure for AD. A therapeutic effect of transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into murine model of AD has been reported, but remains to be further improved. Brn-4 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in neuronal development, whereas the effects of Brn-4 overexpression in transplanted MSCs on AD are unknown. Methods: MSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow and induced to overexpress antisense of miRNA-937 (as-miR-937) through adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated transduction, and purified by flow cytometry based on expression of a GFP co-transgene in the cells. The Brn-4 levels in mouse MSCs were examined in miR-937-modified MSCs by RT-qPCR and by Western blot. These miR-937-modified MSCs were then transplanted into an APP/PS1 transgenic AD model in mice. The effects of saline control, MSCs and asmiR-937 MSCs on AD mice were examined by deposition of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates (Aβ), social recognition test (SR), Plus-Maze Discriminative Avoidance Task (PM-DAT) and the levels of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the mouse brain. Results: MSCs expressed high levels of Brn-4 transcripts but low levels of Brn-4 protein. Poor protein vs mRNA levels of Brn-4 in MSCs appeared to result from the presence of high levels of miR-937 in MSCs. miR-937 inhibited translation of Brn-4 mRNA through binding to the 3'-UTR of the Brn-4 mRNA in MSCs. Expression of as-miR-937 significantly increased Brn-4 protein levels in MSCs. Transplantation of as-miR-937-expressing MSCs significantly reduced the deposition of Aβ, increased the levels of BDNF, and significantly improved the appearance in SR and PM-DAT in AD mice. Conclusion: Overexpression of as-miR-937 in MSCs may substantially improve the therapeutic effects of MSCs on AD, possibly through augmenting Brn-4 levels in MSCs.
Longitudinal Changes in Placental Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Parameter in Murine Pregnancy: Compartmental Analysis
Authors: Krishnamurthy Uday , Szalai Gabor , Shen Yimin , Xu Zhonghui , Yadav Brijesh Kumar , Tarca Adi Laurentiu , Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn , Hernandez-Andrade Edgar , Than Nandor Gabor , Haacke Ewart Mark , Romero Roberto , Neelavalli Jaladhar
Published: August 2015

Objective: To quantify gestation-dependent longitudinal changes in the magnetic resonance transverse relaxation time (T2) parameter of the major constituent regions of the mouse placenta and to evaluate their relative contributions to changes in overall placental T2. Methods: Timed-pregnant CD-1 mice underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 7.0 T field strength, on gestational day 13 (GD13), GD15 and GD17. T2 of the placenta and its constituent high and low blood perfusion regions were quantified. A linear mixed-effects model was used to fit the T2 across gestation, and the significance of coefficients was tested. Results: A decrease in the T2 values of the placenta and its constituent regions was observed across gestation. The temporal change in T2 was estimated to be -1.85 ms/GD (p < 0.0001) for the placenta, -1.00 ms/GD (p < 0.001) for the high-perfusion zones (HPZs) and -1.66 ms/GD (p < 0.0001) for the low-perfusion zones (LPZs). Conclusion: T2 of the constituent zones of the murine placenta decreases with advancing gestation. While the T2 of the LPZ is smaller than that of the HPZ, there is no difference in their decrease rate relative to that of the whole placenta (p = 0.24). The results suggest an increased role of constituent volume fractions in affecting overall gestation-dependent placental T2 decrease in mice.
Whole Body MRI in the Staging of Esophageal Cancer - A Prospective Comparison with Whole Body 18F-FDG PET-CT
Authors: Malik Vinod , Harmon Mark , Johnston Ciaran , Fagan Andrew J. , Claxton Zieta , Ravi Narayanasamy , O''Toole Dermot , Muldoon Cian , Keogan Mary , Reynolds John Vincent , Meaney James F.M.
Published: August 2015

Background: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) is established in the staging of esophageal cancer. In this study, an MRI protocol was designed to emulate the anatomical (T1-weighed (T1W) and T2W imaging) and functional information (diffusion-weighted imaging) provided by PET-CT. Methods: In all, 49 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus underwent PET-CT and whole-body MRI (WBMRI). WBMRI was carried out using dedicated sequences tailored to detect metastatic disease at each area corresponding to the anatomical coverage of PET-CT. Nodal status was determined from histopathology and endoscopic ultrasound biopsy (EUS). Results: PET-CT and WBMRI identified the primary tumor in 46/49 (94%) and 48/49 (98%) patients, respectively. Nodal analysis in patients undergoing surgery (n = 18) yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of 27, 100, 100, 47 and 56% for PET-CT, compared with 30, 100, 100, 53 and 61% for WBMRI. When nodal analysis included both surgical specimens and EUS criteria (n = 39), sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 46, 91, 93, 40 and 59% for PET-CT compared with 59, 92, 94, 50 and 67% for WBMRI. Both imaging modalities identified distant metastases in 2 patients. Conclusion: WBMRI has similar accuracy to PET-CT in detecting the primary tumor, nodal deposits and for exclusion of systemic metastatic disease.
Cell Surface Glycan Changes in the Spontaneous Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Equine Amniotic Multipotent Progenitor Cells
Authors: Lange-Consiglio Anna , Accogli Gianluca , Cremonesi Fausto , Desantis Salvatore
Published: August 2015

Amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) spontaneously transform into amniotic mesenchymal cells (AMCs) in vitro during cell culture. Glycocalyx was analyzed to identify the glycan pattern in AECs, AMCs and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiated cells (EMTCs). Pure cell cultures were derived using cloned AEC and AMC cell lines obtained by the dilution technique from amniotic membranes. Mesenchymal cells generated by differentiation of clonal epithelial cells were considered transdifferentiated. Immunocytoscreen, in vitro multipotent differentiation and molecular characterization of EMTCs were performed. In combination with saponification and sialidase digestion, a panel of 12 lectins was used to analyze the glycan pattern of AEC, AMC and EMTC glycocalyx. Cytokeratin cell markers were lost in EMTCs and typical mesenchymal markers, such as vimentin, appeared. These cells retained their differentiation potential. Lectin histochemistry revealed a cell-specific glycan profile. Galactose (Gal)β1,4GlcNAc, Neu5Acα2,6Gal/GalNAc and N-acetyl neuraminic (sialic) acid (NeuNAc)α2,3Galβ1,3(±NeuNAcα2,6)GalNAc were highly expressed on the surface of all the amniotic cell cultures. AECs expressed asialoglycans with terminal GalNAc and GlcNAc. More highly mannosylated N-linked glycans and NeuNAcα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAc in O-linked glycans were expressed by EMTCs, but these cells had fewer glycans ending with fucose (Fuc), Gal, GlcNAc and GalNAc than AECs. GlcNAc- and GalNAc-terminating glycans were similarly expressed on the glycocalyx of the mesenchymal cell populations (EMTCs and AMCs). These results demonstrate for the first time that the spontaneous epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of equine amnion cells is characterized by cell surface glycan remodeling and that glycosylation changes result in a cell type-specific glycan profile. The glycopattern of equine amnion spontaneous EMTCs differs from EMT of tumoral cells.
Standardized Uptake Value on 18F-FDG PET/CT as a Prognostic Factor for Survival of Women with Malignant Uterine Tumors: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pan Yifan , Yao Yongliang , Ma Yubo
Published: August 2015

Background: Malignant uterine tumors are crucial in the evaluation of prognosis and the determination of therapeutic strategy. Aim: This meta-analysis of the available literature aimed to investigate the prognostic value of standardized uptake value (SUV) on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in uterine malignancies before treatment. Methods: The PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1990 to February 2014) were searched to identify studies evaluating SUV on 18F-FDG PET/CT as a prognostic tool for predicting long-term survival in patients with carcinomas of the uterus. The χ2 test and the I2 index were used to estimate heterogeneity among the trials selected in the meta-analysis. The combined hazard ratio was calculated by using a fixed- or random-effects model according to heterogeneity. Results: Thirteen studies with a total of 1,196 patients were eligible for analysis. High pretreatment SUVmax was significantly associated with poorer event-free survival and overall survival, and the summarized hazard ratio was 3.33 (95% confidence interval 2.34-4.74) and 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.03-1.67), respectively. Conclusion: The present evidence indicates that SUV on 18F-FDG PET/CT seems to be a valuable prognostic indicator for survival of patients with malignant uterine tumors. Given that 18F-FDG PET/CT can provide both morphologic and functional information, we suggest utilizing PET/CT and its quantitative marker in uterine malignancies before treatment.
Isolated Conjunctival Inflammation Suggestive of IgG4-Related Disease
Authors: Aziz Hassan A. , Villa-Forte Alexandra , Plesec Thomas P. , Singh Arun D.
Published: August 2015

Purpose: In this interventional case report, we present the correlation between an isolated conjunctival inflammatory lesion and IgG4-related disease. Results: A 29-year-old female presented with a solitary conjunctival mass of the right eye. The rest of the ocular examination including orbital assessment was negative. Excisional biopsy was suggestive of IgG4-related disease. The patient was treated with oral steroids and remained disease free at 18 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Isolated conjunctival inflammation without orbital involvement can be considered within the spectrum of IgG4-related disease.
Association between Elder Mistreatment and Suicidal Ideation among Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults in the USA
Authors: Dong XinQi , Chen Ruijia , Wu Bei , Zhang Ning Jackie , Mui Ada Chan Yuk-Sim , Chi Iris
Published: August 2015

Background: Elder mistreatment and suicidal ideation are important public health concerns among aging populations. However, very few studies have been conducted to explore the association between elder mistreatment and suicidal ideation. Objectives: To examine the association between elder mistreatment and suicidal ideation among Chinese older adults in the USA. Methods: Guided by a community-based participatory research approach, in this study we conducted in-person interviews with Chinese older adults aged 60 years and older in the Greater Chicago area from 2011 to 2013. Elder mistreatment was assessed by a 10-item instrument derived from the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test (H-S/EAST) and the Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale (VASS). Suicidal ideation was assessed by the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Geriatric Mental State Examination-Version A (GMS-A). Results: Overall, 3,159 Chinese older adults participated in this study, and their mean age was 72.8 years. After controlling for age, gender, education, income, medical comorbidities, depressive symptoms, and social support, elder mistreatment was significantly associated with 2-week suicidal ideation (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.52-4.01) and 12-month suicidal ideation (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.62-3.73). With respect to gender differences, the study found that the association remained significant for older women but not for older men after adjusting for all confounding factors. Conclusion: As the largest epidemiological study conducted among Chinese older adults in the USA, this study suggests that elder mistreatment is significantly associated with 2-week and 12-month suicidal ideation in older women but not in older men. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to explore the mechanisms through which elder mistreatment links with suicidal ideation.
Olanzapine Is Faster than Haloperidol in Inducing Metabolic Abnormalities in Schizophrenic and Bipolar Patients
Authors: Fabrazzo Michele , Monteleone Palmiero , Prisco Vincenzo , Perris Francesco , Catapano Francesco , Tortorella Alfonso , Monteleone Alessio Maria , Steardo Luca , Maj Mario
Published: August 2015

The effects of olanzapine and haloperidol on metabolic parameters in bipolar patients have been evaluated much less comprehensively than in schizophrenic patients. Therefore, in this study, medical records of 343 schizophrenic and bipolar patients treated with haloperidol or olanzapine for 1 year were retrospectively reviewed and metabolic outcomes were evaluated. After 12 months of follow-up, 25.9% of patients showed ≥3 metabolic abnormalities with a point prevalence of 27.2% in the bipolar and 24.9% in the schizophrenic group: 22.0% of the schizophrenic patients treated with haloperidol and 29.8% of those treated with olanzapine achieved ≥3 metabolic alterations; in bipolar patients, these percentages were 15.8% of those treated with haloperidol and 37.8% of those treated with olanzapine (p < 0.0001). Significant changes were reported over time in fasting glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol blood levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body weight, and BMI. Overall, a significant number of schizophrenic and bipolar patients treated with olanzapine showed ≥3 metabolic alterations in the first month of treatment when compared to those treated with haloperidol. Moreover, the number of olanzapine-treated patients developing metabolic changes in the first month was significantly higher in both diagnostic groups when compared to those who reached metabolic abnormal values in the subsequent 11 months. These data suggest that both antipsychotics could increase the metabolic risk in schizophrenic and bipolar patients with a higher prevalence in olanzapine-treated patients. On the other hand, olanzapine-treated patients seem to achieve metabolic abnormalities faster than haloperidol-treated subjects in both diagnostic groups.
Prognostic Factors Associated with Visual Outcome after Pars Plana Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane
Authors: Laban Kamil G. , Scheerlinck Laura M.E. , van Leeuwen Redmer
Published: August 2015

Purpose: Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane has shown varying results. More data are needed on the factors associated with visual outcome. Methods: We extracted baseline clinical characteristics, optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics and 3-month postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate whether baseline and OCT characteristics are associated with BCVA at 3 months as well as BCVA difference. Results: Out of 82 operated eyes, 66 (80%) had a 3-month follow-up, and 47 (71%) showed a 3-month postoperative improvement. Preoperative BCVA was an independent determinant of postoperative BCVA (r = 0.31; p < 0.01) and BCVA difference (r = 0.68; p < 0.01). Other baseline and OCT characteristics showed no independent associations with postoperative outcome. Conclusion: Better preoperative BCVA predicts better postoperative BCVA. Other baseline and OCT characteristics are not associated with visual outcome 3 months after surgery.
Model for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease: Insights from a Korean Cardiovascular Risk Model
Authors: Park Gyung-Min , Kim Young-Hak
Published: August 2015

The profile and prevalence of risk factors in cardiovascular disease (CVD) are different between Western and Asian populations. In the guidelines, tailored approaches following risk stratification based on CVD risk models are recommended for the primary prevention of CVD in asymptomatic subjects. However, current risk models for predicting CVD in Asian populations are limited. A recent study of a large cohort of asymptomatic Korean individuals developed a CVD risk model to predict global cardiovascular risk that showed good performance in predicting cardiovascular events. This model may be useful for the primary prevention of CVD in East Asian individuals as well as Koreans.
Single Running Suture versus Single-Knot Running Suture for Vesicourethral Anastomosis in Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective Randomised Comparative Study
Authors: Wiatr Tomasz , Golabek Tomasz , Dudek Przemyslaw , Belch Lukasz , Przydacz Mikolaj , Bukowczan Jakub , Mains Edward , Kata Grzegorz , Sobczynski Robert , Golabek Katarzyna , Chlosta Piotr
Published: August 2015

Aim: To investigate the safety, surgical efficiency and patients' ability to recover from urinary continence as a result of a single absorbable running suture versus single-knot running suture for vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA) during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Material and Methods: In a prospective randomised study, we evaluated 162 consecutive patients who underwent LRP with VUA using the single running suture technique or the single-knot running suture technique. Perioperative patients' characteristics, morbidity and urinary continence were analysed. Results: The baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. The single running suture technique was related to decreased anastomotic and total operative times compared with the Van Velthoven technique (13.17 ± 5.74 min vs. 28.49 ± 6.45 min, p = 0.0001, and 174.41 ± 62.97 min and 184.94 ± 46.16 min, p = 0.04, respectively). Overall, urinary continence rates at 3, 6 and 12 months in groups 1 and 2 were 49.4 and 69.1%, 81.5 and 86.4%, and 91.4 and 93.8%, respectively (all with p > 0.05 except the follow-up assessment at 3 months following surgery, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Both methods ensure satisfactory rates of urinary leakage and bladder neck stricture, as well as continence after LRP. However, since the single running suture VUA technique is easier to perform, and the mean anastomosis time of the single running suture VUA technique is shorter than that of the Van Velthoven technique, it appears, therefore, preferable.
Comparison of Intravenous and Oral Hydration in the Prevention of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Low-Risk Patients: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Martin-Moreno Paloma L. , Varo Nerea , Martínez-Ansó Eduardo , Martin-Calvo Nerea , Sayón-Orea Carmen , Bilbao Jose I. , Garcia-Fernandez Nuria
Published: August 2015

Aims: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common cause of renal failure. We evaluated the effectiveness of oral sodium citrate versus intravenous (IV) sodium bicarbonate for CI-AKI prophylaxis as well as their influence on kidney injury biomarkers. Material and Methods: A randomized, controlled, single-center study including 130 hospitalized patients (62.3% men), who were randomized to receive sodium bicarbonate (1/6 men, 3 ml/kg/h for 1 h; n = 43), oral sodium citrate (75 ml/10 kg divided into 4 doses; n = 43) or nonspecific hydration (n = 44) before contrast administration, was conducted. Serum creatinine and kidney injury biomarkers (cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-8, F2-isoprostanes and cardiotrophin-1 [CT-1]) were assessed. Results: Incidence of CI-AKI was 9.2% with no differences found between hydration groups: 7.0% in sodium bicarbonate group, 11.6% in oral sodium citrate group and 9.1% in the nonspecific hydration group. Urinary creatinine and urinary CT-1/creatinine ratio decreased 4 h after contrast infusion (p < 0.001), but none of the biomarkers assessed were affected by the treatments. Conclusions: There were no differences in hydration with oral sodium citrate and IV sodium bicarbonate for the prophylaxis of CI-AKI. Therefore, oral hydration represents a safe, inexpensive and practical method for preventing CI-AKI in low-risk patients. No effect on biomarkers for kidney injury could be demonstrated.
Proveniência de zircões detríticos e implicações para a paleogeografia da Formação Furnas no noroeste da Bacia do Paraná
Authors: Santos Thais Borba , Mancini Fernando , Cury Leonardo Fadel , Ferreira Francisco José Fonseca
Published: August 2015

No noroeste da Bacia do Paraná, entre os estados de Mato Grosso e Goiás, ocorrem exposições da Formação Furnas, onde também é reconhecido o Lineamento Transbrasiliano. A partir da análise de mapas magnéticos, definiu-se o arcabouço geológico-geofísico do embasamento da área de estudo, com seis principais domínios separados por 5 lineamentos. O contato entre os domínios da Faixa Paraguai e do Arco Magmático de Goiás é marcado pela principal direção do Lineamento Transbrasiliano na área de estudo. Outros lineamentos que ocorrem associados à direção de deformação da Faixa Paraguai foram identificados como um componente secundário do Lineamento Transbrasiliano. A descrição de afloramentos ao longo da borda noroeste da Bacia do Paraná permitiu o reconhecimento das unidades I, II e III da Formação Furnas. Os dados U-Pb dos zircões detríticos da Formação Furnas apresentaram predomínio de grãos com idades neoproterozoicas (560 - 800 Ma), com idade mínima de 526 Ma, e ocorrência de grãos com idades paleoproterozoicas (≈1750/2100 Ma) e arqueanas (≈2700/2800/3100 Ma). O estudo de proveniência de zircões detríticos da Formação Furnas com determinação de idades U-Pb, associado ao arcabouço estrutural do embasamento da bacia, e a comparação com dados paleoambientais foram a base da avaliação da paleogeografia da porção noroeste da Bacia do Paraná durante a deposição da Formação Furnas. As idades indicam uma importante contribuição neoproterozoica semelhante às idades das rochas do Arco Magmático de Goiás, que associados aos dados de paleocorrentes para noroeste permitem inferir que as rochas do arco constituiriam terrenos elevados, orientados na direção NE-SW.
Depósitos de plataforma mista, Neocarbonífero da Bacia do Amazonas, região de Uruará, estado do Pará
Authors: Silva Pedro Augusto Santos da , Afonso Jhon Willy Lopes , Soares Joelson Lima , Nogueira Afonso César Rodrigues
Published: August 2015

Rochas carbonáticas são amplamente registradas na região oeste e centro-oeste do Estado do Pará, borda Sul da Bacia do Amazonas, correspondentes ao período Neocarbonífero. Esses depósitos são incluídos na sequência pensilvaniana-permiana correspondente a uma super sequência de segunda ordem representada pelo Grupo Tapajós. A Formação Itaituba corresponde à porção transgressiva que precedeu a expressiva continentalização e formação de Pangeia. Essa unidade é constituída de carbonatos fossilíferos, arenito com estratificação cruzada e subordinadamente folhelhos e evaporitos de ambiente marinho costeiro. Dezenove fácies e microfácies foram agrupadas em cinco associações de fácies (AF) correspondentes a depósitos de planície de maré (AF1), canal de maré (AF2), laguna (AF3), barra bioclástica (AF4) e plataforma externa (AF5). A AF1 compreende ciclos de exposição subaérea com formação de gretas de contração e deposição subaquosa, composta de brecha dolomítica, dolomito fino laminado e dolomudstone com terrígenos separados por arenito maciço piritoso e dolomito fino silicificado. A AF2 consiste em arenito fino com laminação cruzada de base reta e recobrimento pelítico nos foresets, siltito argiloso com laminação cruzada, marga com laminação cruzada cavalgante e arenito grosso com estratificação cruzada com recobrimento pelítico nos foresets. Falhas sinsedimentares afetam os arenitos e siltitos. A AF3 é constituída de siltito maciço avermelhado, mudstone fossilífero, floatstone com braquiópode e folhelho negro piritoso maciço. A AF4 é representada por grainstone oolítico fossilífero e grainstone com terrígenos e fósseis de braquiópodes, equinodermas, bivalves, moluscos e subordinadamente artrópodes, briozoários e foraminíferos. A AF5 associa-se a uma plataforma composta de wackestone fossilífero, wackestone fossilífero com terrígenos e mudstone maciço. A assembleia fossilífera é representada por foraminíferos, braquiópodes, bivalves e, subordinadamente, briozoários e equinodermas, que atestam um ambiente costeiro de salinidade moderada e profundidade baixa com intensa proliferação de organismos bentônicos. O modelo deposicional da Formação Itaituba, na região de Uruará, foi atribuído a um sistema lagunar e de planície de maré conectado a um sistema de plataforma marinha carbonática. As lagunas eram bordejadas por planície de maré na porção mais continental e periodicamente supridas por aporte de terrígeno fino (silte) que inibia a precipitação carbonática. Barras bioclásticas cortadas por canais de maré (inlet) separavam a laguna da plataforma rasa com maior abundância de fósseis marinhos bentônicos, registrando o início de uma transgressão marinha neocarbonífera na Bacia do Amazonas advinda de NNW.
Circulating microRNA Profiling Needs Further Refinement Before Clinical Use in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Coffey Sean , Williams Michael J. A. , Phillips L. Vicky , Jones Gregory T.
Published: August 2015

Background

Aortic stenosis (AS) is a progressive condition leading to heart failure and death without treatment. No medical therapy currently exists for AS, and a major management challenge is deciding on the correct timing of aortic valve replacement. MicroRNAs (mi
RNA
s) are short noncoding
RNA
s that are stable in the circulation. We wished to use mi
RNA
s as biomarkers of disease in
AS
.

Methods and Results

We performed microarray‐based whole mi
RN
ome profiling of 24 participants with AS and 27 control participants. After adjustment for age and multiple testing, we identified 4 mi
RNA
s significantly different between groups. These findings were then examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in a larger validation cohort of 101 controls and 94 participants with AS, stratified in a prespecified analysis by presence of coexisting coronary artery disease (
CAD
). We obtained mixed results for miR‐22‐3p, miR‐24‐3p, miR‐382‐5p, and miR‐451a in the validation cohort, with differing associations according to
CAD
status. miR‐21‐5p was increased in
AS
patients without
CAD,
but there was no difference between groups with
CAD
.

Conclusion

Despite holding great promise, circulating mi
RNA
profiling requires further refinement before translation into clinical use as a biomarker in aortic stenosis.
Occurrence of some Lejeuneaceae (Jungermanniophyta) in Bahia, Brazil

Authors: Bastos Cid José Passos , Bôas-Bastos Silvana Brito Vilas
Published: August 2015

Five species of Lejeuneaceae, tribe Lejeuneae from state of Bahia, Brazil are described and illustrated. Data on geographic distributions, distribution in Brazil and habitat in Bahia are also given.
Notes on Seychelles mosses. 5. Mosses of Frégate Island
Authors: O’Shea Brian J.
Published: August 2015

In May 1997, the first collections of bryophytes were made on Frégate island, Seychelles. A list of collections is provided. Fissidens sciophyllus is recorded for the first time from the Seychelles.
Epiphyllous liverworts on rosette leaves of Ardisia species (Myrsinaceae) in China

Authors: But Paul P.P.H. , Wu Pan-cheng , Wang Mei-zhi
Published: August 2015

Four species of Ardisia (Myrsinaceae, Magnoliopsida) with rosette or low-lying leaves in China (including Hong Kong) have been found to be the hosts for 12 species of epiphyllous liverworts which belong to 4 families and 9 genera. However, no obvious species-specific hostepiphyte relationship could be recognized.
Epiphytic bryophytes of Monteverde, Costa Rica
Authors: Merwin Mark C. , Gradstein S. Robbert , Nadkarni Nalini M.
Published: August 2015

A survey of the literature and collections in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve and adjacent pastureland yielded a total of 198 epiphytic bryophyte taxa (120 species of hepatics in 50 genera, 77 species of moss in 48 genera, and 1 hornwort): 178 in the primary forest, 63 in the secondary forest, and 84 in the pastureland.
Taxonomic Results of the BRYOTROP Expedition to Zaire and Rwanda 33. Splachnaceae, Tayloria

Authors: Boecker M.
Published: August 2015

A revision of the african species of the genus has been published by Koponen & Weber (1972). Out of eight African species named by O´Shea (1995) two quite common ones have been found on the BRYOTROP III Expedition.
Bryophytes of Uganda. 5. Bryocrumia L.E.Anderson (Hypnaceae), a monotypic moss genus new to Africa

Authors: O’Shea Brian J. , Buck William R.
Published: August 2015

A number of collections from Africa identified as Phyllodon scutellifolius or Glossadelphus serpyllifolius belong to Bryocrumia vivicolor, previously known only from America and Asia. Phyllodon scutellifolius is known only from one (possibly two) collections from Madagascar, and Glossadelphus serpyllifolius is a synonym of Bryocrumia vivicolor.
Book Review
Authors: Malcolm Bill , Malcolm Nancy
Published: August 2015

This book is absolutely unique in several respects. There exists bryological glossaries, usually in bryophyte floras. Most have no figures to illustrate the terms, and some have few drawings. And there exists the “Glossarium Polyglottum Bryologicae” published by the Missouri Botanical Garden, which is comprehensive but lacks any figures.
A small collection of bryophytes from Montserrat, West Indies
Authors: Wigginton M. J. , Banwell A. D.
Published: August 2015

Four species of liverworts and 13 taxa of mosses have been identified from samples collected in Montserrat in 1980, 11 of which appear to be new to the island.
Studies on some Asian species of the genus Leptodontium (Müll. Hal.) Hampe (Musci, Pottiaceae)

Authors: Sollman Philip
Published: August 2015

Leptodontium taiwanense Nog. is synonymous with Leptodontium aggregatum (Müll. Hal.) Kindb.; Leptodontium scaberrimum Broth. is synonymous with Leptodontium viticulosoides (P. Beauv.) Wijk & Margad. Bryoerythrophyllum yichunense C.H. Gao is the same as Leptodontium flexifolium (With.) Hampe in Lindb. A note on Leptodontium handelii Thér. is given. This taxon is identical with Leptodontium flexifolium (With.) Hampe.
The taxonomic status of Bryum arachnoideum C. Müll. and B. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Brid.

Authors: Frahm Jan-Peter
Published: August 2015

A study of an isotype of Bryum arachnoideum C. Müll., a poorly understood species described from tropical Africa, revealed that this species is distinct from B. argenteum Hedw. var. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Hampe. The differences between both species are listed. All specimens from tropical Africa named as B. arachnoideum by the author must be attributed to B. argenteum var. lanatum. The differences between B. argenteum var. argenteum and var. lanatum, both morphologically and ecologically, are so important that it is proposed to treat var. lanatum on a species level as B. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Brid.
A new lophopid genus as another piece in the biogeographical history puzzle of the family in the Sunda Shelf (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Lophopidae)
Authors: SOULIER-PERKINS ADELINE , STROIŃSKI ADAM
Published: August 2015

A new Lophopidae genus Binaluana gen. nov. and species B. emarginata sp. nov. from Palawan are described. Characters are given in order to distinguish this new genus from Bisma and Zeleja that share general figure with it. The morphological characters are coded for the genus and a new phylogenetic analysis using parsimony is performed. The Lophopidae remain monophyletic and Binaluana is placed as sister group of the genus Bisma. (Zeleja (Binaluana+Bisma)) is monophyletic and emerges at the base of the Zeleja+ group. The place of Binaluana within the Lophopidae is discussed along with its historical biogeographic origin.
First record and five new species of Xylographellini (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from China, with online DNA barcode library of the family
Authors: LOPES-ANDRADE CRISTIANO , GREBENNIKOV VASILY V.
Published: August 2015

We report the first record of the beetle tribe Xylographellini (Ciidae) from the continental Palaearctic Region, represented by five new species discovered in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, China: Scolytocis danae sp. nov., Syncosmetus euryale sp. nov., Sync. medusa sp. nov., Sync. perseus sp. nov. and Sync. stheno sp. nov. Illustrations and identification keys are provided for these new species, and in order to facilitate further research of Ciidae we present an open-access DNA barcode library (dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-SYNCOSM) containing 114 records (of 44 species in 14 genera), 15 of which belong to the newly described species. A phylogenetic analysis based on the barcode fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene did not recover much tree structure within Ciidae, however both Xylographus Mellié and Syncosmetus Sharp were recovered as clades, with a single Scolytocis Blair being the sister to the latter.
Description of four new species of the tiger moth genus Dysschema Hübner (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini, Pericopina)
Authors: MORAES SIMEÃO DE SOUZA , DUARTE MARCELO
Published: August 2015

Description of four new species of the tiger moth genus Dysschema Hübner (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini, Pericopina). Four new species of Pericopina are described, three from southeast of Brazil: Dysschema uriasi Moraes, sp. nov., Dysschema wayneri Moraes, sp. nov., Dysschema amapoarum Moraes & Duarte sp. nov., and one from Mexico: Dysschema tarsoi Moraes sp. nov. Detailed species descriptions are based upon morphological characters. Photographs of habitus, illustrations of genitalia and comments on morphology are provided.
Offshore Propagation of Coastal Precipitation
Authors: Li Yanping , Carbone R. E.
Published: August 2015

This work focuses on the seaward propagation of coastal precipitation with and without mountainous terrain nearby. Offshore of India, diurnal propagation of precipitation is observed over the Bay of Bengal. On the eastern side of the bay, a diurnal but nonpropagating signal is observed near the west coast of Burma. This asymmetry is consistent with the inertio-gravity wave mechanism. Perturbations generated by diurnal heating over the coastal mountains of India propagate offshore, amplify in the upwind direction, and dissipate in the downwind direction relative to the steering wind, owing to critical-level considerations. A linear model is applied to evaluate sensitivity to gravity waves, as these affect deep moist convection and propagation. Analyses are performed for various heating depths, mountain widths, stability, Coriolis effect, background mean wind, and friction. Calculations reveal how these factors affect the amplitude, dissipation, initiation phase, and propagation speed of the diurnal disturbance. The propagation of precipitation triggered by land–sea breezes is distinguishable from that triggered by a mountain–plains circulation. Convection resulting purely from mountain heating begins earlier, propagates slower, and damps faster than that of the land–sea breeze. For mountains near a coast, slower propagation and stronger earlier convection result from a resonance-like combination of two dynamical mechanisms. The propagation of precipitation is initially triggered by the mountain breeze near the coastal mountain. Over the open ocean, the dominant signal propagates as that of the land breeze but with stronger convection.
Mental health service utilisation after a Community Treatment Order: A comparison between three modes of termination
Authors: Vine Ruth , Turner Suzanne , Pirkis Jane , Judd Fiona , Spittal Matthew J
Published: August 2015

Objective:

Little work has examined Community Treatment Order processes, including mode of termination. This paper aimed to examine service utilisation and legal status following the Community Treatment Order termination by a review board, treating psychiatrist or expiry of order.

Method:

Data-linkage study following the service utilisation of those discharged from a Community Treatment Order of at least 3-month duration for the subsequent 2 years. We used the state-wide database of all contacts with state-funded mental health services in Victoria, Australia.

Results:

Of the 1478 patients who were discharged, 5% were discharged by the review board, 88% were discharged by the treating psychiatrist and in 7% the order expired. Logistic regression indicated that those discharged by the treating service were less likely to be subsequently placed under an involuntary order than those discharged by the Mental Health Review Board or those whose order had expired (odds ratio = 0.61).

Conclusion:

Poorly planned discharge as a result of expiry of the Community Treatment Order or abrupt discharge by the review board may be associated with a more severe relapse and subsequent need for compulsory treatment. The likelihood of being readmitted as an involuntary patient is greater for younger adults and those living in urban settings. In order to minimise the risk of major relapse, strong community engagement with treating services should be supported.
Genealogies of the Dalit political: The transformation of Achhut from ‘Untouched’ to ‘Untouchable’ in early twentieth-century north India
Authors: Rawat Ramnarayan
Published: August 2015

The essay documents the unprecedented transformation of the term Achhut in the Hindi literature from an adjective describing a quality ‘untouched, [and] pure’ to a noun referring to an untouchable person or caste and characterising them as impure. Using Hindustani and other language dictionaries of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, prominent Hindi-language journals of the period, such as the Nagari Pracharini Patrika and Sarasvati, and the Adi-Hindu Mahasabha political and literary activism, I will trace the history and politics of the Dalit movement in the early twentieth century that may have created a new meaning of this category. In particular, I investigate the role that the Adi-Hindu Mahasabha movement, through its publication and politics, may have played a key role in proactively constituting a new meaning of the term Achhut. I also highlight the role of Nirgun Bhakti traditions, their locations in Dalit mohallas , as crucial to the articulation of the Dalit political in North India.
Book Review: James Mchugh, Sandalwood and Carrion: Smell in Indian Religion and Culture
Authors: Knutson Jesse Ross
Published: August 2015

James Mchugh, Sandalwood and Carrion: Smell in Indian Religion and Culture, New York: Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 322.
Book Review: Chitralekha Zutshi, Kashmir’s Contested Pasts: Narratives, Sacred Geographies and the Historical Imagination
Authors: Maurya Anubhuti
Published: August 2015

Chitralekha Zutshi, Kashmir’s Contested Pasts: Narratives, Sacred Geographies and the Historical Imagination, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp. 378.
The effect of laser engraving on aluminum foil-laminated denim fabric
Authors: Jiang Shou Xiang , Yuan Guoxiang , Huang Jingjing , Peng Qingxin , Liu Yan
Published: August 2015

In this paper, a developed textile design method combining laser engraving and foil lamination was explored. With the foil laminating, the surface of denim fabric shows shinning effect. After that, the foil-laminated denim samples were treated with laser engraving by adjusting the parameters, including resolution (dots per inch, dpi) at 20, 30, 40 and 50 dpi and the pixel time (microsecond, μs) at 120 and 180 μs to melt and evaporate the aluminum foil and some surface fibers. The properties of the laser-engraved foil-laminated denim fabric, including weight, tearing strength, air resistance, surface observation, color appearance, colorfastness and abrasion resistance, and some low-stress mechanical properties, were investigated. The experimental results revealed that the changes in these properties are mainly related to the melted and evaporated surface laminated aluminum foil and different sizes of cracks, wrinkles and pores formed on the fiber surface with the increment of laser energy applied. This study also revealed the potential of pattern creation with different values and reflective appearance for the embellishment of denim fabric combining the aluminum foil laminating method through the laser engraving process. With lower resolutions, engraved vague patterns with small laser beam dots can be achieved. While the treatment resolution increased, clear patterns could be performed. Based on the same resolution, the higher pixel time can export more energy, which makes the pattern look more clearly. This design approach opens up new possibilities for metallic denim fabric design without any chemicals used.
The Epistemic Norms of Intra-Scientific Testimony
Authors: Gerken Mikkel
Published: August 2015

What is the epistemic position that a scientist must be in vis-à-vis a proposition, p, to be in a good enough epistemic position to assert that p to a fellow scientist within the scientific process? My aim is to provide an answer to this question and, more generally, to connect the epistemological debates about the epistemic norms of assertion to the debates about the nature of the scientific process. The question is important because science is a collaborative enterprise based on a division of labor. It has even been suggested that such collaboration is a part of the scientific method. However, scientific collaboration depends upon communication between scientists—that is, intra-scientific testimony. After distinguishing some different kinds of intra-scientific testimony (Section 2), I provide a specific proposal for an epistemic norm of assertion that generally governs such testimony (Section 3). I argue that the proposal aligns with the requirements of three scientific virtues—replicability, revisability, and accountability (Section 4). The discussion of replicability considers a prominent debate in the social and cognitive sciences. In conclusion, I consider some of the wider questions raised by characterizing scientific collaboration, division of labor, and more generally, scientific method via intra-scientific testimony (Section 5).
(Psychological) Distance Makes the Heart Grow Fonder
Authors: Park Lora E. , Young Ariana F. , Eastwick Paul W.
Published: August 2015

Interpersonal attraction may be shaped by (a) one’s psychological distance from a target (the subjective experience that a target is close to or far from the self) and (b) the perceived standing of a target on a trait relative to the self (as better or worse than the self). We propose that when evaluating a psychologically distant target, individuals may rely on abstract schemas (e.g., the desirability of a partner’s traits) and prefer targets who possess more (vs. less) desirable qualities than themselves. However, when evaluating psychologically near targets, concrete contextual details of the environment (e.g., how a target’s behavior affects self-evaluations in the moment) may determine individuals’ attraction toward targets. Six studies revealed that when evaluating psychologically distant targets, men showed greater attraction toward women who displayed more (vs. less) intelligence than themselves. In contrast, when targets were psychologically near, men showed less attraction toward women who outsmarted them.
Energy Expenditure After Liver Resection: Validation of a Mobile Device for Estimating Resting Energy Expenditure and an Investigation of Energy Expenditure Change After Liver Resection
Authors: Hughes Michael J. , Harrison Ewen M. , Wigmore Stephen J.
Published: August 2015

Background: Resting energy expenditure (REE) is the major component of total energy expenditure. REE is traditionally performed by indirect calorimetry (IC) and is not well investigated after liver surgery. A mobile device (SenseWear Armband [SWA]) has been validated when estimating REE in other clinical settings but not liver resection. The aims of this study are to validate SWA vs IC, quantify REE change following liver resection, and determine factors associated with REE change. Materials and Methods: Patients listed for open liver resection prospectively underwent IC and SWA REE recordings pre‐ and postoperatively. In addition, the SWA was worn continuously postoperatively to estimate daily REE for the first 5 postoperative days. To determine acceptability of the SWA, validation analysis was performed. To assess REE change, peak postoperative REE was compared with preoperative levels. Factors associated with REE change were also analyzed. Results: SWA showed satisfactory validity compared with IC when estimating REE, although postoperatively, the 95% levels of agreement (–5.56 to 3.18 kcal/kg/d) may introduce error. Postoperative REE (median, 23.5 kcal/kg/d; interquartile range [IQR], 22.6–25.7 kcal/kg/d) was significantly higher than predicted REE (median, 19.7 kcal/kg/d; IQR, 19.1–21.0 kcal/kg/d; P < .0001). Median REE rise was 11% (IQR, –1% to 25%). Factors associated with REE rise of >11% were age (P = .017) and length of operation (P = .03). Conclusions: SWA offers a suitable alternative to IC when estimating postoperative REE, but the magnitude of the error (8.74 kcal/kg/d) could hinder its accuracy. REE quantification after liver resection is important to identify patients who could be prone to energy imbalance and therefore malnutrition.