bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from NFE2L2 Mutations Enhance Radioresistance in Head and Neck Cancer by Modulating Intratumoral Myeloid Cells
Authors: Guan Li , Nambiar Dhanya K. , Cao Hongbin , Viswanathan Vignesh , Kwok Shirley , Hui Angela B. , Hou Yuan , Hildebrand Rachel , von Eyben Rie , Holmes Brittany J. , Zhao Junfei , Kong Christina S. , Wamsley Nathan , Zhang Weiruo , Major Michael B. , Seol Seung W. , Sunwoo John B. , Hayes D. Neil , Diehn Maximilian , Le Quynh-Thu
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the primary treatments of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which has a high-risk of locoregional failure (LRF). Presently, there is no reliable predictive biomarker of radioresistance in HNSCC. Here, we found that mutations in NFE2L2, which encodes Nrf2, are associated with a significantly higher rate of LRF in patients with oral cavity cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy but not in those treated with surgery alone. Somatic mutation of NFE2L2 led to Nrf2 activation and radioresistance in HNSCC cells. Tumors harboring mutant Nrf2E79Q were substantially more radioresistant than tumors with wild-type Nrf2 in immunocompetent mice, whereas the difference was diminished in immunocompromised mice. Nrf2E79Q enhanced radioresistance through increased recruitment of intratumoral polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) and reduction of M1-polarized macrophages. Treatment with the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839 overcame the radioresistance induced by Nrf2E79Q or Nrf2E79K. RT increased expression of PMN-MDSC–attracting chemokines, including CXCL1, CXLC3, and CSF3, in Nrf2E79Q-expressing tumors via the TLR4, which could be reversed by CB-839. This study provides insights into the impact of NFE2L2 mutations on radioresistance and suggests that CB-839 can increase radiosensitivity by switching intratumoral myeloid cells to an antitumor phenotype, supporting clinical testing of CB-839 with RT in HNSCC with NFE2L2 mutations.
Significance:
NFE2L2 mutations are predictive biomarkers of radioresistance in head and neck cancer and confer sensitivity to glutaminase inhibitors to overcome radioresistance.
Simultaneous Ovarian and Renal Vein Thrombosis as a Rare Cause of Postoperative Pain After Sigmoid Colectomy
Authors: Chandran Tara , Bani Hani Murad , Hain Jon
Published: March 2023

Post operative pain is often the cause of many ED visits. When patients are discharged and return with postoperative abdominal pain, common etiologies include incisional pain, neuropathic pain, musculoskeletal pain from immobility, ileus, and more sinister causes including adhesive bowel obstruction, abscess formation, and anastomotic leak. We present a 62 year-old female without any hereditary thrombophilia or other prothrombotic factors who presented to the ED after a sigmoid colectomy and diverting ileostomy for perforated diverticulitis and subsequent ileostomy reversal with abdominal pain. CT discovered a left ovarian vein thrombus extending into the left renal vein. With a myriad of diagnoses, it is important to have a low threshold for imaging to rule out serious pathology and also diagnose any unusual causes that can be treated promptly to prevent organ damage and subsequent complications.
Unpacking pervasive heteronormativity in sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities to embrace multiplicity of sexualities
Authors: Mkhize Sthembiso Pollen , Mthembu Anele
Published: March 2023

This article provides a critical review of research on geographies of sexuality and acknowledges how sexual identities are constructed through an intersection of multiple dimensions in the sub-Saharan Africa region. Although the region is experiencing a gradually changing landscape regarding the rights of queer people, ongoing discriminatory practices attached to heteronormativity suppress the expression of non-normative sexual identities. Upon exploration of queer theory and a review of literature on the challenges facing queer people, this article argues for reimagining an African society that embraces a multiplicity of sexualities. It also advocates for tackling hetero- and binary-defined norms by presenting counterarguments and scenarios that demonstrate the significance of deconstructive and non-binary approaches towards sexuality and space in sub-Saharan Africa.
Investigations of thermo-mechanical properties of cryogenic and dual alkali-anhydrous treated hemp fibre and its composites
Authors: Thomas Lijin , Ali Mubarak , V N AjuKumar , Zainuddin Shaik , Jeelani Shaik
Published: March 2023

Physicochemical/thermal modifications on the organic fibres increase the cellulose exposure, potentially improving the thermo-mechanical properties of the composites. This work aims to investigate the thermo-mechanical properties of hemp fibres and their composites to understand the effect of the proposed novel cryogenic treatment using physicochemical characterization like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The study compares them with conventional dual alkali-anhydrous treatment on the fibres. Dual alkali-anhydrous treatment on the fibres didn’t change its thermal properties, but specific chemical changes were detected. In comparison, investigations of cryogenic treatment on fibres showed improved thermal stability and wettability due to increased cellulose exposure in the primary cell wall. It also reduced the moisture absorption in the fibres. Improvement in mechanical properties was observed in cryogenic treated hemp composite due to increased frictional bond in the composite interface. Hence the proposed cryogenic treatment provides new directions for developing bio-composites for potential engineering applications like automobile interiors and insulation panels in mining applications.
Ranked feature-based data-driven bearing fault diagnosis using support vector machine and artificial neural network
Authors: Mathur Amit , Kumar Pradeep , Harsha SP
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes a data-driven fault diagnosis method for rolling element bearing under different operating conditions. The work is aimed to incorporate the filter-type feature selection algorithms, namely, neighborhood component analysis, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, chi-square, and ReliefF algorithms for the feature ranking of the extracted time-domain statistical features from the collected vibration data of the five different bearing defect conditions (normal, outer race defect, ball defect, inner race defect, and combined inner and ball defect). The vibration data have been recorded and an envelope analysis technique for pre-processing the signal is used to identify the fundamental defect frequencies of all the bearings. The artificial neural network and the support vector machine are used to predict the comparative performance of the feature selection algorithms. The results demonstrate that the neighborhood component analysis algorithm achieves the highest accuracies for the bearing fault detection with both the support vector machine and artificial neural network among all the feature selection methods. Therefore, the effective feature ranking before the fault classification by the machine learning algorithms can lead to an efficient and reliable bearing fault diagnosis.
Promising zone two-stage design for a single-arm study with binary outcome
Authors: Shan Guogen
Published: March 2023

Adaptive designs are increasingly used in clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of new drugs. For a single-arm study with a binary outcome, several adaptive designs were developed by using numerical search algorithms and the conditional power approach. The design based on numerical search algorithms is able to identify the global optimal design, but the computational intensity limits the usage of these designs. The conditional power approach searches for the optimal design without expensive computing time. In addition, promising zone strategy was proposed to move on drug development to the follow-up stages when the interim results are promising. We propose to develop two adaptive designs: One based on the conditional power approach, and the other based on the promising zone strategy. These two designs preserve types I and II error rates. It is preferable to satisfy the monotonic property for adaptive designs: The second stage sample size decreases as the first stage responses go up. We theoretically prove this important property for the two proposed designs. The proposed designs can be easily applied to real trials with limited computing resources.
Book review: Jaideep Chandra, Irrawaddy Imperatives: Reviewing India’s Myanmar Strategy
Authors: Arunkumar M. C.
Published: March 2023

Jaideep Chandra, Irrawaddy Imperatives: Reviewing India’s Myanmar Strategy. Pentagon Press LLP, 2021, pp. 470, ISBN: 978-93-90095-34-6.
Experience of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Qualitative Study of a Nurse-Led Clinic
Authors: Pun Jack , Tsang Ching Man , Wong Jolly , Kong Brandon Chee Kin
Published: March 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an extremely prevalent chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease. This study explores the experiences of patients with RA under nurse-led care, the roles that nurses play, and the outcomes achieved when applying the patient-centered care (PCC) approach. A purposive sample of 12 participants who had been diagnosed with RA for at least 1 year were recruited from a nurse-led rheumatology clinic. They were also receiving treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. All of the participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the care they received in the nurse-led clinic, along with high levels of medication adherence. The nurses were highly accessible to the participants, and they regularly communicated information regarding their symptoms, medication, and treatment management. These findings illustrate the importance of the holistic care that nurses provide to their patients, as the participants agreed that nurse-led services could have a wider outreach in hospitals and the community.
Mean Platelet Volume as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity and its Association With Coronary Artery Calcification
Authors: Amsalem Itshak , Asher Elad , Blaufeld Inbar , Hitter Rafael , Levi Nir , Taha Louay , Shaheen Fauzi Fadi , Karameh Hani , Maller Tomer , Perel Nimrod , Steinmetz Yoed , Karmi Mohammad , Hamayel Kamal , Manassra Mohammed , Wolak Talya , Glikson Michael , Wolak Arik
Published: March 2023

Coronary calcium score (CCS) is a highly sensitive marker for estimating coronary artery calcification (CAC) and detecting coronary artery disease (CAD). Mean platelet volume (MPV (is a platelet indicator that represent platelet stimulation and production. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between MPV values and CAC. We examined 290 patients who underwent coronary computerized tomography (CT) exam between the years 2017 and 2020 in a tertiary care medical center. Only patients evaluated for chest pain were included. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) CAC calculator was used to categorize patients CCS by age, gender, and ethnicity to CAC severity percentiles (<50, 50-74, 75-89, ≥90). Thereafter, the association between CAC percentile and MPV on admission was evaluated. Out of 290 patients, 251 (87%) met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There was a strong association between higher MPV and higher CAC percentile ( P = .009). The 90th CAC percentile was associated with the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and statin therapy ( P = .002, .003, .001, and .001, respectively). In a multivariate analysis (including age, gender, DM, hypertension, statin therapy, and low-density lipoprotein level) MPV was found to be an independent predictor of CAC percentile (OR 1.55-2.65, P < .001). Higher MPV was found to be an independent predictor for CAC severity. These findings could further help clinicians detect patients at risk for CAD using a simple and routine blood test.
Responding to Survivors of Intimate Partner Homicide in Black Communities
Authors: Bent-Goodley Tricia , Romero-Chandler Sakima , Zonicle Aaliah
Published: March 2023

While there has been increasing attention given to understanding intimate partner violence homicide, little has been done to address how to support survivors of intimate partner violence homicide. This paper explores perceptions of the needs of survivors of intimate partner violence homicide through 22 focus groups which included 128 participants identifying as Black or African American. Of those, 28 identified as survivors of intimate partner violence and 26 identified as providers. The findings reinforce addressing the needs of intimate partner violence homicide survivors from a holistic, culturally responsive, and trauma-informed lens. Implications on how to address these needs are discussed.
Identification of Conserved and Novel MicroRNAs with their Targets in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Leaves by High-Throughput Sequencing
Authors: Khan Qurshid Hasan
Published: March 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, endogenous, non-coding RNAs of 20–24 nucleotides that play a significant role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Various conserved and novel miRNAs have been characterized, especially from the plant species whose genomes were well-characterized; however, information on miRNA in economically important plants such as pea ( Pisum sativum L.) is limited. In this study, I have identified conserved and novel miRNA in garden pea plant leaves samples along with their targets by analyzing the next generation sequencing (NGS) data. The raw data obtained from NGS were processed and 1.38 million high-quality non-redundant reads were retained for analysis, this tremendous quantity of reads indicates a large and diverse small RNA population in pea leaves. After analyzing the deep sequencing data, 255 conserved and 11 novel miRNAs were identified in the garden pea leaves sample. Utilizing psRNATarget tool, the miRNA targets of conserved and novel miRNA were predicted. Further, the functional annotation of the miRNA targets were performed using blast2Go software and the target gene products were predicted. The miRNA target gene products along with GO_ID (Gene Ontology Identifier) were categorized into biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. The information obtained from this study will provide genomic resources that will help in understanding miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation in garden peas.
“Busybodies With Time on Their Hands”: Accountability, Research, and Resistance
Authors: Bates Stephen
Published: March 2023

In a common pattern, journalists reject outside criticism and denounce the critics. Resistance to criticism sometimes follows a second pattern, one largely overlooked by scholars: Journalists kill a large-scale research project before it gets under way and thereby prevent criticisms from even being articulated. This monograph examines four major research projects that got canceled in the face of opposition from the press: studies of international news in the early 1920s, public opinion about the press in the late 1930s, press accuracy and ownership in the late 1930s, and coverage of a presidential campaign in the mid-1950s.
The Implementation of a Nutrition Intervention in Food Pantries: The Spirit of SWAP
Authors: Morales Sofia I. , Vicente Genesis , LaMonaca Katherine , Rios Jasmine , Cunningham Shayna D. , Higginbottom Jackson , Mathios Erin , Werlin Steve , Cramer James , Santilli Alycia , O’Connor Duffany Kathleen
Published: March 2023

Background. Food insecurity, affecting approximately 10% of the U.S. population, with up to 40% or higher in some communities, is associated with higher rates of chronic conditions and inversely associated with diet quality. Nutrition interventions implemented at food pantries are an effective strategy to increase healthy food choices and improve health outcomes for people experiencing food and nutrition insecurity. Supporting Wellness at Pantries (SWAP), a stoplight nutrition ranking system, can facilitate healthy food procurement and distribution at pantries. Purpose. Guided by the RE-AIM Framework, this study assesses the implementation and outcomes of SWAP as nutritional guidance and institutional policy intervention, to increase procurement and distribution of healthy foods in pantries. Method. Mixed-methods evaluation included observations, process forms, and in-depth interviews. Food inventory assessments were conducted at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Results. Two large pantries in New Haven, Connecticut, collectively reaching more than 12,200 individuals yearly, implemented SWAP in 2019. Implementation was consistent prepandemic at both pantries. Due to COVID-mandated distribution changes, pantries adapted SWAP implementation during the pandemic while still maintaining the “spirit of SWAP.” One pantry increased the percentage of Green foods offered. Challenges to healthy food distribution are considered. Discussion. This study has implications for policy, systems, and environmental changes. It shows the potential for SWAP adoption at pantries, which can serve as a guide for continued healthy food procurement and advocacy. Maintaining the “spirit of SWAP” shows promising results for food pantries looking to implement nutrition interventions when standard practice may not be possible.
Working With Rural Producers to Expand EBT in Farmers’ Markets: A Case Study in Hardeman County, Tennessee
Authors: Franck Karen L. , Jarvandi Soghra , Johnson Kristen , Elizer Amy , Middleton Stephanie , Sammons Lee
Published: March 2023

Rural residents tend to eat less fruits and vegetables, placing them at higher risk of chronic diseases compared with urban residents. Farmers’ markets can provide increased access to fresh produce for rural communities. Encouraging markets to accept Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits through Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) can expand access to healthy foods to low-income residents. Rural markets are less likely to accept SNAP compared with urban markets. Rural producers have identified lack of knowledge and limited support about the application process as barriers for accepting SNAP. This case study details how our Extension program helped a rural producer through the SNAP application process. We started with a workshop to inform rural producers about the benefits of accepting SNAP. After the workshop, we provided hands-on support and assistance to help one producer navigate the EBT application process as well as how to implement and advertise SNAP at the market. Implications for practitioners about tips to help producers overcome challenges and barriers for EBT acceptance are discussed.
Community Gardens: A Catalyst for Community Change
Authors: Berg Alison C. , Padilla Heather M. , Sanders Catherine E. , Garner Christina T. , Southall Hannah G. , Holmes Grace , Ashley Shanda , Crosson Luke , Twilley Barbara , Everson Denise D. , Hubbard Rachel , Brown Courtney S. , Lamm Alexa J. , Johnson Laura P. , Davis Marsha
Published: March 2023

Community gardens are increasing in popularity and are associated with extensive physical and mental health benefits, increased access to fresh produce, and increased social connections. However, evidence is primarily from research in urban and school settings, and little is known about the role of community gardens in rural settings as part of policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) changes to promote health. This study explores the implementation of community gardens as part of an obesity prevention project, titled Healthier Together (HT), in five rural Georgia counties with limited food access and high obesity prevalence (>40%) using a mixed-methods research design that included data from project records, a community survey, interviews, and focus groups with county coalition members. Nineteen community gardens were implemented across five counties, 89% distributed produce direct to consumers, and 50% were integrated into the food system. Few (8.3%) of the survey respondents (n = 265) identified gardens as a food source, but 21.9% reported using an HT garden in the past year. Themes emerging from interviews (n = 39) and five focus groups suggested community gardens were a catalyst for broader community health change by increasing awareness of the value and absence of healthy food and generating excitement for future PSE initiatives to more comprehensively address food and physical activity access. Practitioners should consider placement of rural community gardens to optimize access to and distribution of produce as well as communication and marketing strategies to increase engagement and leverage gardens as gateways for PSE approaches to improve rural health.
Perspectives From Extension Staff on Building and Sustaining Community Wellness Coalitions
Authors: Moore Lindsay , McCormack Lacey , Meendering Jessica R. , Burdette Linda , Stluka Suzanne
Published: March 2023

Background

Community wellness coalitions are an important part of functioning program infrastructure and have been effective in promoting policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) change, especially when paired with technical support by a community champion or Extension staff. PSE strategies are critical to support long-lasting behavior change but can be challenging to implement. Extension is an established and equipped organization that has potential to help community overcome those challenges. The aim of this article was to identify and describe experiences of Extension staff working as community coaches.

Methods

A mixed-methods design to assess the impact of Extension staff working with Community Champions included a quantitative Extension Coaching Confidence Scorecard and an Extension Key Informant Interview.

Results

The total Extension Coaching Confidence score significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention (55.1 ± 35.3 vs. 81.7 ± 37.7, p = .03). Five facilitators and two barriers to wellness coalition development were identified by Extension staff.

Discussion

The results of this study indicate that the model of community coaching used was effective at addressing the foundational components of the Component Model of Infrastructure (CMI). However, comprehensive training for Extension staff in the CMI and technical assistance are needed in order to build capacity, achieve outcomes, and promote sustainability.

Implications for Practice

Individuals seeking to transition to PSE work should be provided with a foundation of specific, targeted training in the CMI and evidence-based technical assistance methods. Practitioners should recognize the essential role of community champions in PSE work. Completing the Extension Coaching Confidence Scorecard periodically can inform evolving training needs.
Roadblocks and detours on pathways to a clinical diagnosis of autism for girls and women: A qualitative secondary analysis
Authors: Hamdani Yani , Kassee Caroline , Walker Meaghan , Lunsky Yona , Gladstone Brenda , Sawyer Amanda , Ameis Stephanie H , Desarkar Pushpal , Szatmari Peter , Lai Meng-Chuan
Published: March 2023

Background:

Autism is not always considered for girls and women until later along their clinical diagnostic pathways. Misdiagnosis or late diagnosis can pose significant disadvantages with respect to accessing timely health and autism-related services and supports. Understanding what contributes to roadblocks and detours along clinical pathways to an autism diagnosis can shed light on missed opportunities for earlier recognition.

Objective:

Our objective was to examine what contributed to roadblocks, detours, and missed opportunities for earlier recognition and clinical diagnosis of autism for girls and women.

Design:

We conducted a qualitative secondary analysis using data from a Canadian primary study that examined the health and healthcare experiences of autistic girls and women through interviews and focus groups.

Methods:

Transcript data of 22 girls and women clinically diagnosed with autism and 15 parents were analysed, drawing on reflexive thematic analysis procedures. Techniques included coding data both inductively based on descriptions of roadblocks and detours and deductively based on conceptualizations of sex and gender. Patterns of ideas were categorized into themes and the ‘story’ of each theme was refined through writing and discussing analytic memos, reflecting on sex and gender assumptions, and creating a visual map of clinical pathways.

Results:

Contributing factors to roadblocks, detours, and missed opportunities for earlier recognition and diagnosis were categorized as follows: (1) age of pre-diagnosis ‘red flags’ and ‘signals’; (2) ‘non-autism’ mental health diagnoses first; (3) narrow understandings of autism based on male stereotypes; and (4) unavailable and unaffordable diagnostic services.

Conclusion:

Professionals providing developmental, mental health, educational, and/or employment supports can be more attuned to nuanced autism presentations. Research in collaboration with autistic girls and women and their childhood caregivers can help to identify examples of nuanced autistic features and how context plays a role in how these are experienced and navigated.
Social gaze cueing elicits facilitatory and inhibitory effects on movement execution when the model might act on an object
Authors: Wang Xiaoye Michael , Karlinsky April , Constable Merryn D , Gregory Samantha EA , Welsh Timothy N
Published: March 2023

Social cues, such as eye gaze and pointing fingers, can increase the prioritisation of specific locations for cognitive processing. A previous study using a manual reaching task showed that, although both gaze and pointing cues altered target prioritisation (reaction times [RTs]), only pointing cues affected action execution (trajectory deviations). These differential effects of gaze and pointing cues on action execution could be because the gaze cue was conveyed through a disembodied head; hence, the model lacked the potential for a body part (i.e., hands) to interact with the target. In the present study, the image of a male gaze model, whose gaze direction coincided with two potential target locations, was centrally presented. The model either had his arms and hands extended underneath the potential target locations, indicating the potential to act on the targets (Experiment 1), or had his arms crossed in front of his chest, indicating the absence of potential to act (Experiment 2). Participants reached to a target that followed a nonpredictive gaze cue at one of three stimulus onset asynchronies. RTs and reach trajectories of the movements to cued and uncued targets were analysed. RTs showed a facilitation effect for both experiments, whereas trajectory analysis revealed facilitatory and inhibitory effects, but only in Experiment 1 when the model could potentially act on the targets. The results of this study suggested that when the gaze model had the potential to interact with the cued target location, the model’s gaze affected not only target prioritisation but also movement execution.
‘I am a Punk, I Don’t Give a Damn!’ Chez Narcisse: A Rural Place of Resistance
Authors: Tuaillon Demésy Audrey
Published: March 2023

Chez Narcisse is a bar located on the threshold of the southern Vosges, in the east of France, that has been run by the same family for over 120 years. Its particularity lies in the fact that since the mid 1980s, it has included a concert hall in the garden behind the bar, which punk bands use to play. This place brings together a bar that is anchored in the daily life of the village and these festive events, which always take place on Sunday evenings. Chez Narcisse thus appears as a ‘double’ space that emphasizes the search for independence and culture in a rural environment. An ethnographic research carried out in this place since January 2017 highlights how the DIY ethos is as much a way of doing things as a purpose. The punk ethos of DIY is claimed by the owners, volunteers, musicians and stakeholders of Chez Narcisse in order to build its identity as an ‘alternative’ place well known in the contemporary French punk scene.

By taking up James C. Scott’s work, the aim is to understand how Chez Narcisse is a social site of resistance and the role that DIY plays in it. To do this, I will first present the construction of this alternative place which articulates both a local and rural level and a global one (the concerts and the venue attract punks from all over France). A performance upstage testifies to a veiled but very present resistance, based on a family imaginary. The second part aims at highlighting the daily forms of resistance at Chez Narcisse expressed through the use of DIY. Thus, this place would be less ‘punk’ through programmed music than through the use of DIY as a value to defend and a project to share.
A study on the variant characters in the stele inscriptions in the Later Lê Dynasty in Vietnam
Authors: He Huazhen , Li Yu , Lu Linwei
Published: March 2023

The study of the variant characters in the stele inscriptions in the Later Lê Dynasty (1428 CE–1789 CE) is not only a study of the dynastic history of the inheritance and variation of Sino-annamite characters, but also an essential part of the study of their spreading and history. Chinese characters in the stele inscriptions were very rich in figure. They contained many variant characters inherited from Chinese literature and those modified with Vietnamese regional characteristics. This article systematically sorts out these variant characters from a diachronic perspective to investigate their structure categories and time distribution. It also reveals the historical track of the inheritance and variation of Chinese characters at that time. Summarizing the characteristics of these variant characters is conducive to comprehensively sorting out the historical context of inheritance and variation of Chinese characters in Vietnam, showing the far-reaching influence of ancient Chinese culture on Vietnam, and systematically build all the information of the stele inscriptions in Vietnam into a searchable database for easy query and research the stele inscriptions in Vietnam.
Euphonic changes in songs included in Seonmun Yeomsongjip (禪門拈頌集) in Goryeo dynasty
Authors: Lee Jiyoung
Published: March 2023

This analysis has examined the historical euphonic changes based on the rhyming letters in the songs in Seonmun Yeomsongjip (禪門拈頌集 , hereinafter the Compilation) in Goryeo dynasty, which has reached the following conclusions. First, the endings of syllables with vowel endings was not significant and did not significantly change from those of middle Chinese until the Southern Song dynasty. Second, the merger between /-m/ and /-n/ occurred with every single initial. Third, the mergers between /-n/ and /-ŋ/ emerge as well as a result of the influence of the Wu dialect in the Southern Song dynasty. Finally, there are multiple cases of the mixed use of stop endings, among which those of /-t/ and /-k/ are particularly notable.
Factors contributing to preventing operating room “never events”: a machine learning analysis
Authors: Arad Dana , Rosenfeld Ariel , Magnezi Racheli
Published: March 2023

Background

A surgical “Never Event” is a preventable error occurring immediately before, during or immediately following surgery. Various factors contribute to the occurrence of major Never Events, but little is known about their quantified risk in relation to a surgery’s characteristics. Our study uses machine learning to reveal and quantify risk factors with the goal of improving patient safety and quality of care.

Methods

We used data from 9,234 observations on safety standards and 101 root-cause analyses from actual, major “Never Events” including wrong site surgery and retained foreign item, and three random forest supervised machine learning models to identify risk factors. Using a standard 10-cross validation technique, we evaluated the models’ metrics, measuring their impact on the occurrence of the two types of Never Events through Gini impurity.

Results

We identified 24 contributing factors in six surgical departments: two had an impact of > 900% in Urology, Orthopedics, and General Surgery; six had an impact of 0–900% in Gynecology, Urology, and Cardiology; and 17 had an impact of < 0%. Combining factors revealed 15–20 pairs with an increased probability in five departments: Gynecology, 875–1900%; Urology, 1900–2600%; Cardiology, 833–1500%; Orthopedics,1825–4225%; and General Surgery, 2720–13,600%. Five factors affected wrong site surgery’s occurrence (-60.96 to 503.92%) and five affected retained foreign body (-74.65 to 151.43%): two nurses (66.26–87.92%), surgery length < 1 h (85.56–122.91%), and surgery length 1–2 h (-60.96 to 85.56%).

Conclusions

Using machine learning, we could quantify the risk factors’ potential impact on wrong site surgeries and retained foreign items in relation to a surgery’s characteristics, suggesting that safety standards should be adjusted to surgery’s characteristics based on risk assessment in each operating room. .

Trial registration number

MOH 032-2019.
Prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy: quantifying intra-fraction motion and calculating margins using the new BIR geometric uncertainties in daily online IGRT recommendations
Authors: McNeice Joseph M , Sanilkumar Nandu , Alexander Sophie E , Talbot James , Tree Alison C , McNair Helen A
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

To measure the magnitude of intra-fraction prostate motion (IFPM) during stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) delivered without intra-fraction tracking. To assess if current margins adequately cover IFPM. To derive margins using new guidelines.

Methods:

IFPM was determined in 20 patients receiving 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions using 97 pairs of pre- and post-treatment cone beam CT (CBCT) scans. Correlation of time between CBCT acquisitions and motion was determined. The magnitude of IFPM was compared to current margins (6 mm isotropic, 3 mm posterior). Margins were calculated using IFPM alone and updated guidelines.

Results:

The averaged 3D root mean square IFPM was 2.5 mm (4.2 mm). Independent prostate motion was predominantly posterior (70%) and inferior (63%). There was weak correlation between posterior (ρ = 0.38) and inferior (ρ = 0.36) IFPM and time. IFPM greater than current margins occurred in 8 of 97 fractions, six in the posterior direction. Margins were ≤3.5 mm using IFPM alone and ≤3.3 mm Left 3.5 mm Right, 7.0 mm inferior, 3.7 mm superior, 4.4 mm anterior and 3.3 mm posterior using new guidelines, compensating for motion in 92% of fractions.

Conclusions:

Our current SBRT margins account for 92% of IFPM, predominantly posterior and inferior. Although updated guidelines suggest an increase in margins inferiorly, any increase must be balanced against the possibility of increased toxicity, particularly if biochemical control and side-effects are favourable with current practice.

Advances in knowledge:

The difference between current clinical margins and those determined using updated guidance is demonstrated. The implications must be considered against clinical outcomes.
Magnesium and Zinc in Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Nechifor Mihai
Published: March 2023

Bipolar disorder ( BD ) is a severe and recurrent mood disorder. The influence of magnesium and zinc on animal behavior is certain and this has been experimentally demonstrated repeatedly. However, some clinical studies have positively correlated the decrease in the concentration of the two cations with a more severe symptomatology of BD, but in other cases no modified values ​​of the concentration of magnesium and zinc were found or no relationship was identified between these concentrations and the clinical manifestations of the disease. This diversity of results has various causes but the most important of these are: problems regarding the diagnosis of BP and the diagnostic criteria used; the phases of the disease in which the cationic concentrations were determined were different; determination of intracellular magnesium was rarely done; the different ages of the patients and different associated diseases influenced the interpretation of the results. In some studies, the administration of some mood modulators (sodium valproate, carbamazepine or quetiapine) in BD type I hospitalized adult patients during the maniacal episode has increased plasma zinc and erythrocyte magnesium concentration . Missing correlations between how long is the evolution of the disease and the levels of these cations. Existing date support the idea that a low level of magnesium and zinc play a role in pathogenesis of BD. The assertion of a definite beneficial role of the association of magnesium and zinc with mood modulators in BD therapy requires more clinical studies.
Functional Dynamics of Hemostasis and Hemorheology in Young Men at Risk of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Vinichenko Maria A. , Yu. Zavalishina Svetlana , S. Mal Galina
Published: March 2023

Of great medical and social importance in modern conditions is the increase in the effectiveness of preventing the development of arterial hypertension at a young age. Purpose of the work: to evaluate the impact of systematic dosed jogging on the parameters of the homeostasis system and the rheological properties of blood in adolescents with a predisposition to the development of arterial hypertension. The study included 60 young men with high normal blood pressure and the risk of developing arterial hypertension with normal body weight. They were divided into 2 groups. The first of them (31 people) began regular jogging for 1 hour a day, 6 times a week for 1 year. The second group (29 young men) kept their previous inactive way of life. The work took into account the level of blood pressure, the amount of fibrinogen in the blood, plasminogen activity, the amount of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, platelet aggregation, blood viscosity. Student's t-test was calculated. As a result of regular jogging in young men with a predisposition to the formation of arterial hypertension, it was possible to normalize the level of blood pressure, homeostasis parameters and hemorheology parameters taken into account. The changes achieved had a very positive effect on microcirculation, providing a general recovery. Long-term low physical activity in young men at risk of developing arterial hypertension contributed to the preservation of elevated blood pressure numbers, aggravation of homeostasis disorders and deterioration of blood rheology.
Use of “The Knowledge-to-Action Framework” for the implementation of evidence-based nursing in child and family care: Study protocol
Authors: Torres Cânia P. , Mendes Francisco J. , Barbieri-Figueiredo Maria
Published: March 2023

Nurses are increasingly focused on a practice based on scientific knowledge. However, it is important to distinguish high-quality evidence that can be applied in practice from studies of low or dubious scientific quality. Therefore, nurses must base their practice on structural support that allows for the definition of personalized and context-specific interventions. The objectives of this study are to identify the main barriers and facilitators to the evidence-based nursing approach and to implement an Evidence-Based Practice model (EBP) in clinical practice settings. We seek to contribute to evidence-based nursing by promoting professional skills in nurses, using "The Knowledge-to-Action Framework" (KTA). The research focuses on a participatory action research methodology based on the cyclical process of the KTA framework, contemplating the creation of knowledge and the implementation of existing solutions or new solutions through an action cycle. The participants will be nurses and parents/caregivers) from a pediatric service in Northern Portugal. The study will be conducted in 3 phases: phase 1 will identify the priority issues by exploring the barriers and facilitators of EBP from the nurses’ perspective and assessing the parents’/caregivers’ satisfaction with nursing care. Phase 2 will be divided into (a) the planning and (b) the implementation of the KTA model, where we aim to build and validate (a) a training plan and (b) the implementation of the KTA model. Phase 3 is for the evaluation of the model implementation and sustaining knowledge. It is recognized that there is a large gap between knowledge production and the subsequent implementation of interventions based on the best available evidence. However, this reality is complex and involves several levels of decision and intervention that oscillate from the individual responsibility of each nurse to the organizational dimension.
Changes in growth, physiology, and photosynthetic capacity of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under different nitrate levels
Authors: Han Kangning , Zhang Jing , Wang Cheng , Yang Yan , Chang Youlin , Gao Yanqiang , Liu Yang , Xie Jianming
Published: March 2023

Nitrate content is an essential indicator of the quality of vegetables but can cause stress at high levels. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of nitrate stress tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). We studied the effects of exogenous application of 15 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM NO3- on spinach growth, physiology, and photosynthesis. The results showed that all the nitrate treatments inhibited the growth of the aerial parts of spinach compared to the control. In contrast, low nitrate levels (50 and 100 mM) promoted spinach root formation, but this effect was inhibited at high levels (150, 200, and 250 mM). Treatment with 150 mM NO3- significantly decreased the root growth vigor. Low nitrate levels increased the chlorophyll content in spinach leaves, whereas high levels had the opposite effect. High nitrate levels also weakened the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII Y(II), and increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), reducing photosynthetic performance. Nitrate stress increased the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and promoted the accumulation of nitrate in spinach leaves, exceeding the health-tolerance limit for nitrate in vegetables, highlighting the necessity of mitigating nitrate stress to ensure food safety. Starting with the 150 mM NO3- treatment, the proline and malondialdehyde content in spinach leaves and roots increased significantly as the nitrate levels increased. Treatment with 150 mM NO3- significantly increased soluble protein and flavonoid contents, while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were significantly reduced in leaves. However, spinach could resist nitrate stress by regulating the synthesis of osmoregulatory substances such as proline, thus showing some nitrate tolerance. These results provide insights into the physiological regulatory mechanisms of nitrate stress tolerance and its mitigation in spinach, an essential vegetable crop.
The utilization of industrial by-products as soil conditioners and fertilizers in non-food potato production
Authors: Kuokkanen Matti , Tuomisto Jussi , Prokkola Hanna , Tervonen Pekka , Lassi Ulla
Published: March 2023

Peatlands require soil improvement to be suitable for cultivation. Creating eco-friendly and cost-effective carbon sinks in peatlands originated from peat production has several benefits. For this purpose various valuable biomass can be used by utilizing industrial by-products also as soil conditioners and fertilizers. For example, the addition of such materials has potential to transform peat bogs, which otherwise would slowly release methane, into productive cultivated areas. The rehabilitation of peat bogs from unused land into various agricultural and forestry areas is also a viable business activity. The examined industrial by-products could have many agricultural applications in non-food potato production, wherein monoculture causes problems such as condensed soil, lost humus or soil organic matter, and reduced nutrient retention capacity, leading to increased leaching of nutrients and negative impacts on the environment. Five industrial by-products were examined in this study as soil conditioners and fertilizers: fiber sludge, biocarbon, hygienic biodigestate, paper mill sludge, and gypsum waste. Based on the results of a nutrient content analysis, hygienic biodigestate and fiber sludge were the most effective fertilizers.
In vitro germination and regeneration of Senna artemisioides, a valuable leguminous ornamental shrub
Authors: BERTSOUKLIS Konstantinos , NAKSI Kostandin , ARETAKI Paraskevi-Evangelia
Published: March 2023

Τhis research was carried out at the prospect of introducing new ornamental species in the floriculture industry concerning the use of valuable plants. A leguminous species native to Australia was the object of the present study.  Seeds of Senna artemisioides established in a private botanical garden were chosen as the starting material for both germination and in vitro studies. Hot water treatment at 90 °C, for 10 min was applied to interrupt the seed-coat dormancy. Incubation was conducted in vitro in Petri dishes, at seven different temperatures ranging from of 5.0 to 35.0 °C, involving three separate treatments of incubation at 5.0 °C, for 0, 30 and 60 days. The seeds germinated at 25 °C (56.0%). Node explants derived from produced seedlings were cultured in vitro onto Murashige and Skoog media (MS), hormone free (Hf) or containing 6-Benzyladenine (BA). The establishment of initial cultures was successful being higher on MS supplemented with BA at the range 0.1-1.0 mg L-1 media. The multiplication phase followed on MS media containing the same range of a total of four cytokinins widely used in in vitro experimentation, i.e BA, Kinetin (KIN), N6-Isopentenyladenine (2IP) and Zeatin (ZEA). 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was tested in conjunction with the higher concentration of the four cytokinins. MS media supplemented with BA at 0.5 mg L-1 led to a satisfactory proliferation rate; 2.4 shoots/explant were formed. Rooting phase had moderate efficiency, being higher for media with 4.0 mg L-1 IBA. Acclimatisation was successful for all rooted plantlets, promising an effective method for exploitation of this new ornamental species of high value.
The Importance of Caring Behaviors and Feeling Safe for Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Corless Inge B. , Tyer-Viola Lynda A. , Hagan Joseph , Quinn Lisa , Mancuso Julia M. , Griffith Catherine A. , Sipe Margie , Banister Gaurdia , Hall Kathryn E.
Published: March 2023

Caring is a foundational concept for professional nursing. Because a hospital may be an unfamiliar environment for patients, feeling safe is vital. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the importance of caring behaviors for making patients feel safe and their relationship with patient characteristics. Data analysis (n= 324) indicated “being listened to” was the most important caring practice, while having your nurses and doctors demonstrate professional knowledge and skill was the most important behavior for feeling safe. In today’s hospital environment, nurses need to provide patient care that patients consider caring and that helps patients feel safe.
Toward a metrology-information layer for digital systems
Authors: Kuster Mark
Published: March 2023

Recent work has proposed a metrology-information layer (M-Layer) to support digital systems with quantities and units by addressing the difficulties conventional quantity-unit systems pose for digitalization. This paper reports work toward developing the M-Layer’s current abstract conceptualization into a concrete model, working prototype, and demonstration software, with the eventual goal to create a FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) resource.