bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Murder, They Wrote: Genre and Collaboration in the Detection Club Novels
Authors: Briest Sarah
Published: November 2022

Members of a literary organization known as the Detection Club cowrote the mystery novels The Floating Admiral and Ask a Policeman in 1932 and 1933, respectively. These novels are of interest primarily for what they suggest about literary genre: the microcosms of their composition supply concrete, if playful, models of phenomena also at work in the macrocosm of genre fiction. Thus, collaborative writing emerges as a form of genre laboratory, ideally suited to the small-scale imitation and exploration of superordinate generic processes. Both the writers’ reflections on their collaborative efforts as well as the finished results of said efforts throw into stark relief the interdependent processes of writing and reading, semiotic encoding and interpreting, as they characterize the formation and reformation of generic conventions. Moreover, the ludic facets of the Detection Club collaborations indicate that the notion of (nonliterary) genre-as-game, as embraced by rhetorical genre studies, can be productively applied to literary genre.
Increase in Trigeminal Nerve Cross-Sectional Area on Immediate Postoperative MRI Predicts Favorable Outcome After Microvascular Decompression for Classical Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Lee Changik , Choi Jin-gyu , Son Byung-chul
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

Although distortion or indentation of a trigeminal nerve due to neurovascular compression (NVC) is associated with classical trigeminal neuralgia, whether morphological change in the trigeminal nerve is relieved by eliminating NVC has not been studied.

OBJECTIVE:

To estimate morphological change in the trigeminal nerve after microvascular decompression (MVD).

METHODS:

Fifty patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia who underwent MVD were included. Using coronal images in both preoperative and postoperative MRI, the trigeminal nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured at 4 mm anterior to the nerve entry into the pons. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Barrow Neurological Institute Pain Intensity Scale (BNI-PS) at the patient's latest follow-up.

RESULTS:

Forty-one patients achieved favorable outcomes without medication (BNI-PS I or II), and 9 patients had residual pain (BNI-PS ≥ 3A). The mean symptomatic trigeminal nerve CSA was increased by 51.47% after MVD in the favorable outcome group (preoperative: 4.37 ± 1.64 mm2 vs postoperative: 6.26 ± 1.76 mm2, P < .01), whereas it was not significantly changed in the unfavorable outcome group (preoperative: 4.20 ± 1.19 mm2 vs postoperative: 4.43 ± 1.24 mm2, P = .69). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the 3-year probability of maintaining a favorable outcome was 92.3 ± 7.4% and 56.1 ± 11.9%, for those whose symptomatic trigeminal nerve CSA was increased by over 20% and less than 20%, respectively (P < .01).

CONCLUSION:

Morphological changes in the trigeminal nerve due to NVC could be recovered by MVD, and increases in the trigeminal nerve CSA predicted favorable outcomes.
Methods and Impact for Using Federated Learning to Collaborate on Clinical Research
Authors: Cheung Alexander T. M. , Nasir-Moin Mustafa , (Fred) Kwon Young Joon , Guan Jiahui , Liu Chris , Jiang Lavender , Raimondo Christian , Chotai Silky , Chambless Lola , Ahmad Hasan S. , Chauhan Daksh , Yoon Jang W. , Hollon Todd , Buch Vivek , Kondziolka Douglas , Chen Dinah , Al-Aswad Lama A. , Aphinyanaphongs Yindalon , Oermann Eric Karl
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

The development of accurate machine learning algorithms requires sufficient quantities of diverse data. This poses a challenge in health care because of the sensitive and siloed nature of biomedical information. Decentralized algorithms through federated learning (FL) avoid data aggregation by instead distributing algorithms to the data before centrally updating one global model.

OBJECTIVE:

To establish a multicenter collaboration and assess the feasibility of using FL to train machine learning models for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) detection without sharing data between sites.

METHODS:

Five neurosurgery departments across the United States collaborated to establish a federated network and train a convolutional neural network to detect ICH on computed tomography scans. The global FL model was benchmarked against a standard, centrally trained model using a held-out data set and was compared against locally trained models using site data.

RESULTS:

A federated network of practicing neurosurgeon scientists was successfully initiated to train a model for predicting ICH. The FL model achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.9487 (95% CI 0.9471-0.9503) when predicting all subtypes of ICH compared with a benchmark (non-FL) area under the ROC curve of 0.9753 (95% CI 0.9742-0.9764), although performance varied by subtype. The FL model consistently achieved top three performance when validated on any site's data, suggesting improved generalizability. A qualitative survey described the experience of participants in the federated network.

CONCLUSION:

This study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing a federated network for multi-institutional collaboration among clinicians and using FL to conduct machine learning research, thereby opening a new paradigm for neurosurgical collaboration.
Loss of the placental iron exporter ferroportin 1 causes embryonic demise in late-gestation mouse pregnancy
Authors: Cao Chang , Fleming Mark D.
Published: November 2022

Fetal development relies on adequate iron supply by the placenta. The placental syncytiotrophoblasts (SCTB) express high levels of iron transporters, including ferroportin1 (Fpn1). Whether they are essential in the placenta has not been tested directly, mainly due to the lack of gene manipulation tools in SCTB. Here, we aimed to generate a SCTB-specific Cre mouse and use it to determine the role of placental Fpn1. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we created a syncytin b (Synb) Cre line (SynbCre) targeting the fetal-facing SCTB layer in mouse placental labyrinth. SynbCre deleted Fpn1 in late gestation mouse placentas reliably with high efficiency. Embryos without placental Fpn1 were pale and runted, and died before birth. Fpn1 null placentas had reduced transferrin receptor expression, increased oxidative stress and detoxification responses, and accumulated ferritin in the SCTB instead of the fetal endothelium. In summary, we demonstrate that SynbCre is an effective and specific tool to investigate placental gene function in vivo. The loss of Fpn1 in late gestation mouse placenta is embryonically lethal, providing direct evidence for an essential role of Fpn1 in placental iron transport.
Advanced cross-sectional imaging of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Diab Rawan , Chang Dandan , Zhu Chengcheng , Levitt Michael R. , Aksakal Mehmet , Zhao Hui-Lin , Huynh Thien J. , Romero-Sanchez Griselda , Mossa-Basha Mahmud
Published: November 2022

While the rupture rate of cerebral aneurysms is only 1% per year, ruptured aneurysms are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, while aneurysm treatments have their own associated risk of morbidity and mortality. Conventional markers for aneurysm rupture include patient-specific and aneurysm-specific characteristics, with the development of scoring systems to better assess rupture risk. These scores, however, rely heavily on aneurysm size, and their accuracy in assessing risk in smaller aneurysms is limited. While the individual risk of rupture of small aneurysms is low, due to their sheer number, the largest proportion of ruptured aneurysms are small aneurysms. Conventional imaging techniques are valuable in characterizing aneurysm morphology; however, advanced imaging techniques assessing the presence of inflammatory changes within the aneurysm wall, hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow within aneurysm sacs, and imaging visualization of irregular aneurysm wall motion have been used to further determine aneurysm instability that otherwise cannot be characterized by conventional imaging techniques. The current manuscript reviews conventional imaging techniques and their value and limitations in cerebral aneurysm characterization, and evaluates the applications, value and limitations of advanced aneurysm imaging and post-processing techniques including intracranial vessel wall MRA, 4D-flow, 4D-CTA, and computational fluid dynamic simulations.
The discovery and characterization of two novel structural motifs on the carboxy-terminal domain of kinetoplastid RNA editing ligases
Authors: Moses Daniel , Mehta Vaibhav , Salavati Reza
Published: November 2022

Parasitic protozoans of theTrypanosomaandLeishmaniaspecies have a uniquely organized mitochondrial genome, the kinetoplast. Most kinetoplast-transcribed mRNAs are cryptic and encode multiple subunits for the electron transport chain following maturation through a uridine insertion/deletion process called RNA editing. This process is achieved through an enzyme cascade by an RNA editing catalytic complex (RECC), where the final ligation step is catalyzed by the kinetoplastid RNA editing ligases, KREL1 and KREL2. While the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of these proteins is highly conserved with other DNA ligases and mRNA capping enzymes, with five recognizable motifs, the functional role of their diverged carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) has remained elusive. In this manuscript, we assayed recombinant KREL1 in vitro to unveil critical residues from its CTD to be involved in protein–protein interaction and dsRNA ligation activity. Our data show that the α-helix (H)3 of KREL1 CTD interacts with the αH1 of its editosome protein partner KREPA2. Intriguingly, the OB-fold domain and the zinc fingers on KREPA2 do not appear to influence the RNA ligation activity of KREL1. Moreover, a specific KWKE motif on the αH4 of KREL1 CTD is found to be implicated in ligase auto-adenylylation analogous to motif VI in DNA ligases. In summary, we present in the KREL1 CTD a motif VI for auto-adenylylation and a KREPA2 binding motif for RECC integration.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF A RURAL SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors: Zakharova Irina M. , Sadykova Lilia R. , Khakimova, Nailya G.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the work is to summarize the results of a pilot study of the assessment of the structural components of the professional competence of a rural school teacher, to determine the principles and directions of research on the design of a diagnostic map for assessing the professional deficits of a teacher working in a rural school.

Research methods. In the course of the research, a theoretical analysis of pedagogical literature was carried out, which allowed to clarify the degree of relevance and depth of study of the problem under study. The conducted pilot study of each teacher’s assessment of their level of pedagogical competence made it possible to determine the direction of designing practice-oriented tasks in order to diagnose professional deficits of a rural school teacher.

The results of the study. The theoretical analysis of the structural components of the professional competence of the teacher in the aspect of the implementation of the requirements of the updated Federal State Educational Standards and the developed draft Professional standard of the teacher. The results of a pilot study of the assessment of the structural components of the professional competence of a rural teacher, including a small school, are shown. The blocks of teachers’ competencies to be evaluated are defined: normative, subject, psychological and pedagogical, methodological and analytical. Various models for assessing the level of formation of professional competencies of teachers are presented and analyzed. The principles and directions of applied research on the design of a diagnostic card for assessing professional deficits of a teacher working in a rural school are determined.

The scope of the results. The article will be useful for teachers of pedagogical universities, organizations of additional professional education, students studying in the areas of “Pedagogical education”.
A STUDY OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SOCIONIC PERSONALITY TYPES AND TEMPERAMENT TYPES
Authors: Kovalenko Roman K. , Zvonareva Nataliya A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose. The article is concerned with socionics, which is a typological approach-based framework that serves for modelling of the human capacity to perceive, process and produce information. The article studies the current state of socionics and the areas for further development. One of the primary focus areas of socionics is the experimental studies aiming to prove the construct validity of socionics. For this purpose, the correlation between socionic dichotomies and different psychologic models, such as a model of temperament, is studied. There are three hypotheses on a correlation between socionic personality types and temperament types.

Methodology. To conduct the research we used methods of socionic type identification, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire adapted by Shmelev A.G., the “Type of Behavioral Activity” questionnaire by Wasserman L.I., and Gumenyuk N.V., and calculated the point-biserial correlation coefficient.

Results. The correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the Extraversion scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the poles of Extraversion, Ethics and Declaring. A positive correlation is revealed between the Neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Dynamic socionic pole, as well as between the Type of Behavioral Activity scale and the Extraversion pole. The findings confirm the hypothesis suggested by Gulenko W.W., according to which the socionic types correlate with the temperament types. They also confirm the hypotheses by Filatova E.S., and Stepanov R.A. / Lytov D.A., according to which Extraversion sensu Eysenck correlate to Extraversion, the socionic pole, and disprove their hypotheses on the correlation between the Neuroticism scale and socionic dichotomies.

Practical implications. The findings contribute to proving the construct validity of the socionics model. This ensures that practitioners who use socionic methods draw on the experimentally verified hypotheses.
PROSOCIAL MEDIA RESOURCE: PROJECT-EDUCATIONAL INTENSIVE OF STUDENTS
Authors: Shmeleva Elena A. , Kislyakov Pavel A. , Priyatkina Natalya Yu. , Meerson Ayzek-Leyb S. , Belov Stanislav V. , Markelov Valery K. , Ananyeva Ekaterina A.
Published: November 2022

Relevance. The relevance of the topic comes from its various aspects and manifestations of behavior aimed at helping other people and society, including using the digital environment. The article discusses the technology of students’ project activities for the creation of prosocial media. The experience of prosocial design on the platform of the University 20.35 is presented.

The purpose of the study. Based on the study of the attitude of young people to media resources promoting assistance to other people and society, to develop and implement educational intensive technology to create by students prosocial media.

Methods and methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the approaches of media education. Methods: data selection and systematization, document analysis, Internet media monitoring, quantitative analysis of publications in youth Internet media, design. Empirical data are comprehended and processed using content analysis, quantitative analysis methods (descriptive statistics, percentage analysis. The calculations were made on the basis of the SPPS 22 statistical software package.

Results. The preferences of young people in the choice of forms of presentation of prosocial topics in the media space are revealed, their reactions to prosocial posts, blogs, videos, publications are studied, the structure of the projected prosocial media environment is determined. An educational intensive technology has been implemented to create a test prototype for the prosocial media “Let’s make the world a better place!”.

Conclusion. Based on the results of the study of the attitude of young people to prosocial media, a technology for teaching the design of prosocial media was developed and implemented, which allowed students to form attitudes to prosocial activity.

The scope of the results. The results of the study should be taken into account when developing programs and projects aimed at ensuring the digital socialization of young people.
TEENAGER’S SOCIAL ATTITUDES: POSSIBILITIES OF DIGITAL PEDAGOGICAL DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Vanina Emilia V. , Ilina Aleksandra A. , Parfyonova Irina V.
Published: November 2022

The relevance of the topic depends on the particular importance of asocial attitude diagnosing for the educational process in connection with the cyberspace development and the organization of a digital educational environment.

The purpose of the article is a description of a diagnosis method of students’ social attitudes for teaching purposes.

The method materials: the opportunities of using of metaphorical cards of association for the diagnosis of peculiar properties of students’ social attitudes in relation to five key objects: network security, cooperation, creativity, self-determination, continuing education. The authors offer the MAK operation algorithms as a way ofthesocial attitude diagnosing and the technology of a result interpretation.

Conclusions and areas of application: the diagnosis gives the opportunity to analyze the level of a social attitude formation based on a three-pillar model (cognitive, affective, connotative components), the produced results can be used to implement the Training and Universal Educational Actions Development Program.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL-ORIENTED FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE THROUGH THE USE OF BLENDED LEARNING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Zudina Alena I.
Published: November 2022

The objective of the research is to study the effectiveness of using blended learning technology to develop professional-oriented foreign language communicative competence of students in teaching a foreign language.

Currently, the rapid processes of global political, economic, cultural and religious integration and the increasing role of intercultural communication determine the level of proficiency of a foreign language specialist in any field. The key goal of teaching a foreign language is a specialist ready to continuously improve his professional competencies, including foreign-language communicative competence.

The process of developing a foreign language communicative competence is more effective provided if blended learning technology is actively used.

Blended learning is considered as a comprehensive educational technology that combines the traditional form of face-to-face education in the audience under the guidance of a teacher in real time and learning through a digital educational environment, which allows to build the process of teaching a foreign language in accordance with modern requirements for university graduates.

The article pays special attention to the concept, as well as various approaches to the use of various models of blended learning technology in the process of developing a professional-oriented foreign language communicative competence in teaching a foreign language.

The results of the study show that blended learning technology contributes to the formation of independence and responsibility of students, their self-education and development of the ability to continuously improve their professional competencies, including professional-oriented foreign language communicative competence.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the topic of efficiency of using innovative technologies in teaching foreign languages, which is relevant in the conditions of modern education. The subject of analysis is blended learning technology. The author aims to unlock the potential of using blended learning technology to form a professional-oriented foreign language communicative competence.

Methodology. The basis of the research is the methods of studying and analyzing publications that examine aspects of this problem, summarizing our own experience in using blended learning technology, as well as systematizing the information studied.

Results. Blended learning technology is one of the modern approaches to teaching a foreign language in a university. Combining traditional forms of education in the audience and innovative forms through electronic educational platforms and online resources, this technology contributes to the formation of independence and responsibility of students, their self-education and development of the ability to continuously improve their professional competencies, including professional-oriented foreign language communicative competence.

Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in teaching foreign languages.
Supplemental tables and figures for "Assessing the Effects of a Winter Wheat Cover Crop on Soil Water Use, Cotton Yield, and Soil Organic Carbon in No-Till Cotton Production Systems"
Authors: Himanshu Sushil , Ale Srinivasulu , DeLaune Paul B. , Singh Jasdeep , Mauget Steven , Barnes Edward
Published: November 2022

Parameters adjusted during the evaluation of CERES-Wheat and CROPGRO-Cotton modules of the DSSAT Cropping System Model; and Comparison of simulated and measured soil water and cover crop and no-cover-crop treatments.
Assessing the bird and tree species diversity in the north of Badung, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Yuni Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusua , Wijaya I Made Saka , Sari Ida Ayu Eka Pertiwi
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Yuni LPEK, Wijaya IMS, Sari IAEP. 2022. Assessing the bird and tree species diversity in the north of Badung, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4482-4489. Bird diversity is related to tree diversity, which is influenced by landscape heterogeneity. Here, we reported the bird diversity of Jempanang, Bali, Indonesia, in riparian, plantation, and forest edge habitats estimated through a point count survey undertaken in June 2021, and related to patterns of tree diversity. Overall, Jempanang had a high diversity of bird and tree species, with 54 bird species and 18 tree species recorded in total. Among habitats, bird diversity was highest in the riparian area, whereas the plantation and forest edges had moderate bird diversity. The plantation had the lowest absolute tree diversity, but all sites had a moderate level of tree diversity. The wide range of land uses in Jempanang provides a diverse composition of plant species, thereby increasing the number of environmental niches and driving higher diversity of bird species. The presence of apex raptor species indicates that Jempanang can be considered an area with good environmental quality. Considering the high diversity of bird and tree species in the area, birdwatching activities could be promoted as an agent for community-based conservation, potentially providing local incentives for preserving the area’s biodiversity.
Marker validation for salt tolerance in Indica rice
Authors: SUPRAYOGI SUPRAYOGI , DEWI PRITA SARI , OKTAVIANI EKA , AISYA ALWA WIDI
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Suprayogi, Dewi PS, Oktaviani, E, Aisya AW. 2022. Marker validation for salt tolerance in Indica rice. Biodiversitas 23: 4517-4523. The development of salt-tolerantrice variety is of importance with concern to the use of the coastal area for rice production and, consequently, the development ofarapid and accurate method of variety selection. Molecular markers associated with Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for salt tolerance in rice have been reported elsewhere. This research aimed to identify molecular markers associated with salt tolerance in rice. The research was carried out from September 2020 to February 2021 at Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Nine Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers and one Sequence Tagged Site (STS) marker were evaluated for their association with salt tolerance. The rice varieties consisted of three salt-tolerant varieties,  one salt-sensitive variety, and six commercial varieties. Nona Bokra PCR amplicon was used as a positive control for DNA band scoring. Binary data of the amplicon banding pattern were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the grouping of the evaluated varieties about their tolerance to assigned markers. The result demonstrated that the evaluated rice varieties fell into four groups of marker resemblances. Among the evaluated SSR markers, RM 3412, RM 342, RM 8094, and Wn 11463 significantly contributed to the grouping. The present study confirmed that Wn 11463 is a strong marker for salt tolerance in rice. However, validation needs to be made on a broader range of genotypes to see the significance of RM 8094 and RM 3412 as salt tolerant markers.
Phytopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents against an invasive weed, Asystasia gangetica, at Sakambangan rubber plantation in Garut, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: YULIA ENDAH , MAHMUDAH ALYA IZZA , RAHAYU ALDI , NASAHI CEPPY , MAHARANI YANI , SUGANDA TARKUS , WIDAYAT DEDI
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Yulia E, Mahmudah AI, Rahayu A, Nasahi C, Maharani Y, Suganda T, Widayat D. 2022. Phytopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents against an invasive weed, Asystasia gangetica, at Sakambangan rubber plantation in Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4532-4538. Many weeds are invasive species causing both economic and ecological losses. Asystasia gangetica is one of invasive species from the Acanthaceae family and has now been established as one of the most important weeds of rubber plantation. Mechanical control of A. gangetica is ineffective, while chemical control is harmful to the environment. Thus, it is imperative to explore alternative control methods. This study aimed to carry out an inventory of pathogenic fungi isolated from A. gangetica and test their pathogenicity to A. gangetica and rubber seedlings. This research was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. The methods used were field observation and laboratory test conducted at the Sakambangan rubber plantation, Garut District, West Java and the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Pathogenicity test was carried out using water-culture method to grow the tested plants without soil. Fungi isolated from A. gangetica identified as Fusarium sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Cercospora sp. were tested to be pathogenic to A. gangetica, and deemed potential biocontrol agents. However, Pestalotiopsis sp. and Cercospora sp. were also pathogenic to rubber seedlings which make them ineligible as biocontrol agents for A. gangetica in rubber plantations.
Cultural strategies of the local and transmigrant communities in dealing with land and forest fire disasters in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: SINTA DEWI , ISKANDAR JOHAN , GUNAWAN BUDHI
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sinta D, Iskandar J, Gunawan B. 2022. Cultural strategies of the local and transmigrant communities in dealing with land and forest fire disasters in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4705-4715. The Indonesian Province of Central Kalimantan has frequently faced catastrophic land and forest fire disasters in the last two decades. In 2015, the province experienced the most extensive land and forest fire disaster in Indonesia, causing severe ecological, economic, and socio-political problems. The villages of Baru and Kumpai Batu Bawah, located in South Arut Subdistrict, are included in the Priority Zone for Forest and Land Fire Disaster Management in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The two villages have been recognized as a high potential hazard and vulnerability to forest and land fires since 2015. This study aimed to compare the cultural strategies of the local communities of Baru Village with transmigrant communities of Kumpai Batu Bawah Village with distinctly different cultures in dealing with forest and land fires. The qualitative method was applied in this study. Several field techniques, including observation and semi-structured interviews or in-depth interviews with competent informants of local and transmigrant communities, were employed. The study showed that distinctive strategies were applied by two communities, based on the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and embedded with culture for dealing with land and forest fire disasters in the Central Kalimantan ecosystem. Some TEK and cultural factors, including ways of looking at nature, and knowledge related to the environment expressed in the form of behavior such as land management practices for agriculture with disaster mitigation were documented as predominant factors of both communities for dealing with land and forest fire disasters.
Diversity and ecology of Pteridophytes in Cendil heath forest and Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest, Belitung Island, Indonesia
Authors: PRIAMBUDI ABYAN SETYA , CHIKMAWATI TATIK , SULISTIJORINI SULISTIJORINI , FAKHRURROZI YULIAN
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Priambudi AS, Chikmawati T, Sulistijorini, Fakhrurrozi Y. 2022. Diversity and ecology of Pteridophytes in Cendil heath forest and Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest, Belitung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4775-4782. The tropical heath forest is a unique ecosystem type characterized by sandy and acidic soils with poor nutrients and water availability, making this ecosystem very vulnerable to disturbances. Yet, knowledge regarding the diversity and ecology of the biological elements of heath forests is still very limited, moreover, information on lesser-known plant groups, such as pteridophytes. Pteridophytes can be used as indicators of the quality of a forest ecosystem since they are cosmopolitan and have an excellent adaptation to various habitats. Belitung Island, Indonesia, is a region with a large proportion of tropical heath forest and small areas of tropical rainforest. There are only a few studies on comparison of the flora of the two ecosystem types on Belitung Island. This research aimed to compare the diversity and the ecology of pteridophytes that grow in the Cendil heath forest and the Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest, Belitung Island. The study used the cruise and the purposive sampling methods to record all pteridophytes within the sampling plots measuring 5 x 5 m alternately located on the right and left of line transects with a length of 50 meters each transect. Ecological data were calculated using the Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, Evenness index, Sorensen similarity index, Morisita distribution index, and Canonical Correspondence Analysis. The results showed that as many as 31 species of pteridophytes belonged to 14 families in the Cendil heath forest and Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest. The pteridophytes found in the Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest were higher (30 species) than that in the Cendil heath forest (9 species). There was high dominance of a few species in the Cendil heath forest due to the presence of three species with high IVI, namely Dicranopteris linearis, Palhinhaea cernua and Dicranopteris splendida. In contrast, pteridophytes in the Gurok Beraye tropical rainforest were evenly distributed with no high dominance species. Environmental parameters that affected the diversity and abundance of pteridophytes included temperature, light intensity, humidity, and altitude.
Growth patterns of captive painted terrapins Batagur borneoensis in the Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mawardi Abdul Latif , Atmaja Teuku Hadi Wibowo , Sarjani Tri Mustika , Khalil Muhammad , Sarong Muhammad Ali , Yusriono Yusriono
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Mawardi AL, Atmaja THW, Sarjani TM, Khalil M, Sarong MA, Yusriono. 2022. Growth patterns of captive painted terrapins Batagur borneoensis in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4872-4878. Painted terrapin is one of the endemic animal species found only in Indonesia and Malaysia. These animals live in very wide waters, which include rivers, mangroves and coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth pattern of Batagur borneoensis at the Marine Tuntong Education and Conservation Center, Satucita Lestari Indonesia Foundation, Aceh Province. The study used a survey method with data collection techniques by direct observation to the location of the captive B. borneoensis to obtain comprehensive data. The sample used in this study was the captive-bred B. borneoensis at the Marine Tuntong Education and Conservation Center Satucita Lestari Indonesia Foundation with different age variations, including 2 months, 2 years, 3 years and 4 years, with a total sample 3 individuals per age category. Parameters measured in this study included the total weight of B. borneoensis, carapace arch length and carapace arch width. In general, the growth pattern of B. borneoensis found in the education and conservation center at YSCLI is classified as negative allometric, this growth indicates that length growth is faster than overall body weight gain. When viewed based on the age difference, the growth pattern of B. borneoensis aged 2 months to 2 years is still classified as positive allometric, but when it is 3 to 4 years old, it only changes to negative allometric. It can be concluded that for the age of 2 years and under, the captive process of B. borneoensis is still suitable, but when it is over 2 years old, it is no longer suitable for captivity, considering that the animal's growth pattern is not balanced between carapace length and total body weight. It is recommended that if the animal is over 2 years old, it should be immediately released into its natural habitat in the wild so that it can live and develop naturally in order to preserve the aquatic biota.
Community distribution and utilization of gastropods in the Coastal Area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia
Authors: SUJARTA PUGUH , MAILISSA MARZELINE GESTY , KEILUHU HENDERINA JOSEFINA , HADISUSANTO SUWARNO , YULIANA SARAH
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sujarta P, Mailissa MG, Keiluhu HJ, Hadisusanto S, Yuliana S. 2022. Community distribution and utilization of gastropods in the Coastal Area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5001-5011. Gastropods and snails are mollusk phylum animals with diverse species that inhabit and spread in various marine ecosystems. The main objective of this study was to determine the structure of gastropod communities and their utilization in the coastal area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. Samples of gastropods were collected through descriptive-quantitative surveys using the line-transects technique. In addition, information on the utilization of gastropods was collected from surveys with semi-structural interviews with selected respondents from Liki Island, the outermost island in East Indonesia, with a total area of 1318.54 ha. The result showed a total of 1812 living specimens from 63 species of gastropods from 23 families, collected from six sampling stations, with 182-603 specimens on average. There were five species of gastropods encountered in all sampling stations, namely Conus litteratus (family of Conidae), Monetaria moneta, Monetaria annulus (Cypraeidae), Oxymeris crenulata (Terebridae), and Polinices flemingianus (Naticidae). The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) belonged to Nerita albicilla (Neritidae) from Station 1 (IVI 58.45). In contrast, the lowest belonged to the species of Nassarius limnaeiformis (Nassariidae), Oliva caerulea, and Oliva oliva (Olividae) from Station 4 (each IVI 2.56), with the moderate value of Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and low value of Dominance Index. People in the coastal area of Liki Island use 12 species of gastropod as wall ornaments and consume 12 species of gastropod, as well. In general, the people of Liki Island use gastropods wisely based on the socio-cultural characteristics of the local community.
Review: The status of the endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) and conservation actions in Thailand
Authors: Sukmasuang Ronglarp , Bhumpakphan Naris , McShea William J , Wajjwalku Worawidh , Siriaroonrat Boripat , Kamolnoranart Sumate , Yindee Marnoch , Nipanan Tarasak , Maleehuan Banpot , Khanthathongsakuldee Krittaphas , Pongcharoen Chattraphas , Sutummawong Nantida , Thomas Warisara
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sukmasuang R, Bhumpakphan N, McShea WJ, Wajjwalku W, Siriaroonrat B, Kamolnoranart S, Yindee M, Nipanan T, Maleehuan B, Khanthathongsakuldee K, Pongcharoen C, Sutummawong N, Thomas W. 2022. Review: The status of the endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) and conservation actions in Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 5020-5034. The endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) once roamed throughout the plains and dry forests of South and Southeast Asia. However, due to heavy poaching and habitat loss, the population has declined drastically and has disappeared from many of its historical ranges. They are presently found in some natural areas of India, Myanmar, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Hainan Island, China. Thailand used to be the distribution center of the species, where two subspecies, the R.e. thamin and R.e. siamensis, were found. However, both subspecies have disappeared from the natural resources of Thailand since the early 1990s. Many conservation programs have been conducted to save this species in Thailand, such as captive breeding and reintroduction. Our literature review revealed that currently, more than a thousand R.e. thamin are housed in over 20 wildlife breeding facilities and 109 R.e. siamensis in 8 breeding facilities. Based on the workshops on conservation and restoration of the species, suitable genetic selection can create populations suitable for return to protected forest areas in Thailand. At present, more than 554 R.e. thamin have been released back into the wild in 8 wildlife sanctuaries, 3 national parks and 1 non-hunting area and 27 R.e. siamensis were released in 2 wildlife sanctuaries in Thailand. The follow-up of the deer in the release areas was flawed. Major knowledge gaps include recent trends in the population dynamics, habitat selection, diet items and threats. Identifying and restoring suitable dry forest habitats for reintroduction are also keys for species conservation.
Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: HAYATI ZINATUL , DESFIANA ULIL HASRI , SUHARTONO SUHARTONO
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Hayati Z, Desfiana UH, Suhartono S. 2022. Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5043-5049. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are two predominant enterococcal species associated with opportunistic infections, especially in clinical settings. This study aimed to determine the distribution and antibiotic sensitivity of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital during 2019-2022. This study involved isolation, identification, and testing of antibiotic susceptibility of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates. A total number of 299 enterococcal isolates detected in this study consisting of 233 (7.92%) isolates of E. faecalis and 66 (2.18%) isolates of E. faecium. Both E. faecalis and E. faecium shared phenotypic features in common. Enterococcus faecalis isolates exhibited less sensitivity to benzathine penicillin G, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, high-level streptomycin, doxycycline, and fosfomycin. Enterococcus faecium had less sensitive to all tested antibiotics, except for linezolid, vancomycin, and tigecycline. Based on the clinical specimens, enterococci were predominantly found in urine specimens accounting for 42.80%, while based on patient’s age, enterococci were prevalently found in patients aged >46 years accounting for 72%. The distribution of both enterococci was evenly detected in both male and female patients. Based on the wards, enterococci were predominantly detected (50.65%) in patients treated in the internal medicine wards. Overall, the present study suggested the susceptibility of enterococcal pathogens and determined the most effective antimicrobials as empirical therapy to treat the infections. The surveillance programs and infections control should be effectively implemented to manage these multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections particularly within healthcare settings.
Fractal analysis of seahorses in Mindanao, Philippines: A tale of their own
Authors: Tabugo Sharon Rose , Claver Precious Shane Stephanie
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Tabugo SR, Claver PSS. 2022. Fractal analysis of seahorses in Mindanao, Philippines: A tale of their own. Biodiversitas 23: 5233-5238. Monitoring populations of species is essential for science-driven policymaking. However, monitoring can be a daunting task for threatened and vulnerable species like seahorses. They are often threatened by overfishing and habitat destruction in the marine environment. Since they are considered a flagship species, monitoring populations in Panguil and Murcielagos Bay, which served as the home of the two common seahorses in Mindanao, Philippines, is vital. Fractals naturally occur in nature and hence can be used as possible predictors. Morphometric complexity patterns were investigated in the Hippocampus kuda and Hippocampus comes via fractal geometry to delineate irregular non-euclidean objects. The difference between fractal dimension and lacunarity values was tested between species. The hypothesis states that high fractal dimensions are deviations from the equilibrium state/chaos and, thereby, can be linked to vulnerability. High mean fractal dimension (Da) based on box-counting and coefficient of variation (CV) of the lacunarity method were found in H. kuda (F) and H. comes (F). The observed variations can be attributed to morphological complexity as they have adapted to varied microhabitats. Herewith, fractals can be a fast, easy, convenient, and non-invasive way of monitoring species. The results of the study can support conservation protection measures for the two species.
Biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration potential in varying tree species, ages and densities in Gunung Bromo Education Forest, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: DARMAWAN AHMAD ARIF , ARIYANTO DWI PRIYO , BASUKI TYAS MUTIARA , SYAMSIYAH JAUHARI , DEWI WIDYATMANI SIH
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Darmawan AA, Ariyanto DP, Basuki TM, Syamsiyah J, Dewi WS. 2022. Biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration potential in varying tree species, ages and densities in Gunung Bromo Education Forest, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5093-5100. Forest biomass plays an important role in carbon storage to mitigate climate change. While many studies have investigated the carbon stock of various forests, adding knowledge in the context of education forest might enrich the importance of this forest as a carbon pool besides its role for education purposes. Gunung Bromo Education Forest in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia consists of several tree cover types with each type having a different ability to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This research aimed to determine the accumulation of biomass in Gunung Bromo Education Forest and to investigate the potential for carbon sequestration across different tree species, age classes and densities. Three species of tree (i.e. pine, Indonesian rosewood and mahogany) with varying ages were measured and calculated the biomass (i.e. tree, litter and understorey) and total carbon sequestration potentials (i.e. tree, litter and understorey, and soil organic carbon). This study used purposive sampling method across 9 combinations of tree cover type and age classes, each with 3 replication, resulting in a total of 27 sampling points. The results showed pine stands planted in 1973 had the highest tree biomass of 461.08 t ha-1 and while the pine agroforest planted in 2016 and Indonesian rosewood agroforest planted in 2018 had the lowest tree biomass with 1.02 t ha-1 and 0.39 t ha-1, respectively. Similarly, the pine stands planted in 1973 had the highest total carbon sequestration of 372.68 t ha-1 and the lowest in the pine agroforest planted in 2016 and Indonesian rosewood agroforest planted in 2018 with 187.11 t ha-1 and 193.58 t ha-1 respectively. The results of this study strengthen the common agreement in previous carbon studies that tree age strongly affects biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration, in which the older the plant, the higher the carbon sequestration potential than that of younger plants.
Daily behavioral research on Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) mothers and offsprings at Suaq Balimbing Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sutekad Dalil , Jannah Miftahul , Fitri Lenni , Fauziah Fauziah
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sutekad D, Jannah M, Fitri L, Fauziah F. 2022. Daily behavioral research on Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) mothers and offsprings at Suaq Balimbing Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5108-5121. Discovering the daily behavior of female orangutan mothers and their offspring can provide information for use as a recent reference in orangutan conservation action plans. This research aims to determine the daily behavioral patterns of mother and offspring Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) at the Suaq Balimbing research station. This study was conducted between June 2019 and March 2020 and used focal animal sampling as the method. The method used consists of searching and daily behavioral logging. The results of the research showed that six orangutan mothers and offsprings (three mother-offspring pairs) showed different behavioral patterns. The distinction was felt in the distribution of time spent on activities. Eating, moving, resting, nesting, and social activity are all part of an orangutan's daily behavior. The proportion of time allocation used in the daily activities of female mother and Sumatran orangutan pairs (Pongo abelii) that is successfully observed in the Suaq Balimbing research station are eating (68.79%), resting (11.59%), moving (11.02%), nesting (1.11%), others (5.04%) and unknown (2.45%). Orangutans' diet plants in Suaq Balimbing consist of 30 species from 25 families, including the liana diet, plants consumed with the seeds, and plants consumed by the bark. According to the findings of this study, the behavior of a mother Sumatran orangutan, while it is with its offspring can be described.