bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Core content for venous and Lymphatic Medicine: 2022 revision
Authors: Khilnani NM , Wasan SM , Pappas PJ , Deol Z , Schoonover JP , Daugherty SF , Attaran RR , Cartee TV , Straight TM , Fish J , Granzow JW , Winokur RS , Desai KR , Salazar G , Stoughton J , Gibson K , Jones AD , Lohr JM , Vayuvegula S , Meissner MH
Published: November 2023

The core content for a medical specialty outlines the scope of the discipline as well as the categories of knowledge considered essential to practice in the field. It provides a template for the development of curricula for medical school, graduate, and postgraduate education, as well as for creating certification standards. Venous and Lymphatic Medicine (VLM) is a specialty that has benefitted from contributions from specialists from several medical disciplines. Optimally, the societies, boards, and residency review committees representing these disciplines would uniformly recognize the scope of VLM to develop education and assessment standards to allow training and identification of qualified practitioners. In order to inform the standard setting bodies and other stakeholders of the current scope of VLM, a task force of VLM experts from cardiology, dermatology, emergency medicine, general surgery, interventional radiology, vascular medicine, and vascular surgery was formed to revise a 2014 consensus document defining the core content of the specialty of VLM.
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells suppress neuroinflammation and brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Mingming , Wang Danni , Xu Lin , Pan Yan , Huang Huachen , Li Minshu , Liu Qiang
Published: November 2023

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mobilizes circulating leukocytes that contribute to neuroinflammation and neural injury. However, little is known about the endogenous regulatory immune mechanisms to restrict neuroinflammation following ICH. We examined the role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) that are a specialized subset of innate immune modulators in a mouse model of ICH. We found accumulation of ILC2 in the brain following acute ICH and a concomitant increase of ILC2 within the peripheral lymph nodes. Depletion of ILC2 exacerbated neurodeficits and brain edema after ICH in male and female mice. This aggravated ICH injury was accompanied by augmented microglia activity and leukocyte infiltration. In contrast, expansion of ILC2 using IL-33 led to reduced ICH injury, microglia activity and leukocyte infiltration. Notably, elimination of microglia using a colony stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor diminished the exacerbation of ICH injury induced by depletion of ILC2. Brain-infiltrating ILC2 had upregulation of IL-13 after ICH. Results from in vitro assays revealed that ILC2 suppressed thrombin-induced inflammatory activity in microglia-like BV2 cells. Thus, our findings demonstrate that ILC2 suppress neuroinflammation and acute ICH injury.
Treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody, bevacizumab, has sex-specific effects in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sun Mujun , Baker Tamara L , Wilson Campbell T , Brady Rhys D , Yamakawa Glenn R , Wright David K , Mychasiuk Richelle , Vo Anh , Wilson Trevor , Allen Josh , McDonald Stuart J , Shultz Sandy R
Published: November 2023

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) involves damage to the cerebrovascular system. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is an important modulator of vascular health and VEGF-A promotes the brain’s ability to recover after more severe forms of brain injury; however, the role of VEGF-A in mTBI remains poorly understood. Bevacizumab (BEV) is a monoclonal antibody that binds to VEGF-A and neutralises its actions. To better understand the role of VEGF-A in mTBI recovery, this study examined how BEV treatment affected outcomes in rats given a mTBI. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham-injury + vehicle treatment (VEH), sham-injury + BEV treatment, mTBI + VEH treatment, mTBI + BEV treatment groups. Treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly via a cannula beginning at the time of injury and continuing until the end of the study. Rats underwent behavioral testing after injury and were euthanized on day 11. In both females and males, BEV had a negative impact on cognitive function. mTBI and BEV treatment increased the expression of inflammatory markers in females. In males, BEV treatment altered markers related to hypoxia and vascular health. These novel findings of sex-specific responses to BEV and mTBI provide important insights into the role of VEGF-A in mTBI.
Frequency of dysnatremia in patients admitted with COVID-19 infection and its prognostic implication
Authors: Gul Khan Farah , Sattar Saadia , Yaqoob Muhammad M. , Vallani Nida , Asad Maryam
Published: November 2023

Objective

We aimed to investigate the frequency of dysnatremia among patients admitted with COVID-19 infection and its association with inpatient mortality.

Methods

This retrospective longitudinal study was conducted for 12 weeks. Serum sodium levels were recorded at admission, during the hospital stay, and within 48 hours of discharge or death. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of mortality.

Results

This study included 574 patients (69.7% men, age 55.6 ± 14.4 years). On admission, mean sodium was 135.9 ± 6.4 mEq/L; 39% had hyponatremia and 4.7% had hypernatremia. During admission, hypernatremia increased to 18.8%; maximum sodium in patients who survived was 140.6 ± 5.0 mEq/L versus 151.0 ± 9.9 mEq/L in those who died. The final sodium was 145.4 ± 9.4 mEq/L in patients who died versus 137.7 ± 3.7 mEq/L in those who survived (odds ratio [OR]: 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.32). Other predictors of mortality included ischemic heart disease (OR: 3.65, 95% CI: 1.39–9.61), acute kidney injury (OR: 6.07, 95% CI: 2.39–15.42), invasive ventilation (OR: 28.4, 95% CI: 11.14–72.40), and length of stay (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.97).

Conclusion

Hypernatremia was frequently observed in patients who were critically ill and died and may be considered a predictor of mortality in COVID-19 infection.
Quantitative methods III: Strength in numbers?
Authors: Franklin Rachel
Published: November 2023

In this third and final report on quantitative methods, I focus on academic community: what we do, what we call ourselves, and why this is a matter of importance for the entire discipline of geography, but especially quantitative human geographers. I first highlight the increasingly diverse ways in which quantitative methods community is produced and manifested, before turning to the shifting, ever-expanding, and overlapping names and labels used to define this group. I argue that, although there is ample evidence that the quantitative methods community is thriving, there is also a growing disconnect from the sub-discipline of quantitative human geography.
Evaluating the Rutting Potential of Asphalt Mixtures with Simple and Practical Tests
Authors: Boz Ilker , Habbouche Jhony , Diefenderfer Stacey D. , Coffey Griffin , Seitllari Aksel , Ozbulut Osman E.
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study was to explore the use of monotonic loading tests (“monotonic tests”) as screening tools to assess the rutting potential of dense-graded asphalt surface mixtures in Virginia. To that end, three monotonic tests—the indirect tensile at high temperature (IDT-HT) test, the rapid rutting (RR) test, and the Marshall stability and flow (MS) test—identified from the literature, were evaluated using 16 plant-produced asphalt mixtures with “A” and “D” designations. The scope of the work also included performing the multiple stress creep and recovery test on the extracted and recovered binders. The results were applied to assess the monotonic tests and the asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) test relative to each other using several performance metrics. The results were also employed to develop performance threshold criteria for the tests being considered. The results showed that the IDT-HT and RR tests can be used to screen the rutting potential of asphalt mixtures meeting the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) mixture volumetric and gradation requirements for A and D mixtures. The initial performance criteria for the IDT-HT and RR tests were established for these mixtures. Based on the results, the IDT-HT test was found to be the most suitable alternative test to the APA test.
The Misandry Myth: An Inaccurate Stereotype About Feminists’ Attitudes Toward Men
Authors: Hopkins-Doyle Aífe , Petterson Aino L. , Leach Stefan , Zibell Hannah , Chobthamkit Phatthanakit , Binti Abdul Rahim Sharmaine , Blake Jemima , Bosco Cristina , Cherrie-Rees Kimberley , Beadle Ami , Cock Victoria , Greer Hazel , Jankowska Antonina , Macdonald Kaitlin , Scott English Alexander , Wai Lan YEUNG Victoria , Asano Ryosuke , Beattie Peter , Bernardo Allan B. I. , Boonroungrut Chinun , Chaudhuri Anindita , Chien Chin-Lung , Choi Hoon-Seok , Cui Lixian , Du Hongfei , Fuji Kei , Hitokoto Hidefumi , Iida Junko , Ishii Keiko , Jiang Ding-Yu , Jogdand Yashpal , Lee Hyejoo J. , Mifune Nobuhiro , Moon Chanki , Murayama Aya , Na Jinkyung , One Kim , Park Joonha , Sato Kosuke , Sharma Suryodaya , Suh Eunkook M. , Tipandjan Arun , Sutton Robbie M.
Published: November 2023

In six studies, we examined the accuracy and underpinnings of the damaging stereotype that feminists harbor negative attitudes toward men. In Study 1 ( n = 1,664), feminist and nonfeminist women displayed similarly positive attitudes toward men. Study 2 ( n = 3,892) replicated these results in non-WEIRD countries and among male participants. Study 3 ( n = 198) extended them to implicit attitudes. Investigating the mechanisms underlying feminists’ actual and perceived attitudes, Studies 4 ( n = 2,092) and 5 (nationally representative UK sample, n = 1,953) showed that feminists (vs. nonfeminists) perceived men as more threatening, but also more similar, to women. Participants also underestimated feminists’ warmth toward men, an error associated with hostile sexism and a misperception that feminists see men and women as dissimilar. Random-effects meta-analyses of all data (Study 6, n = 9,799) showed that feminists’ attitudes toward men were positive in absolute terms and did not differ significantly from nonfeminists'. An important comparative benchmark was established in Study 6, which showed that feminist women's attitudes toward men were no more negative than men's attitudes toward men. We term the focal stereotype the misandry myth in light of the evidence that it is false and widespread, and discuss its implications for the movement.
Social science research: An analysis of BRICS countries
Authors: Elango Bakthavachalam
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to conduct a quantitative analysis and comparison of social science research output among BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries. Data were collected through the open-access SCImago portal and Scopus. The number of documents and citable documents, global share and ranking, the number of citations per document, the h-index, and international collaboration were all analyzed. Except for China, none of the BRICS countries made the top 10 global rankings during the 1996–2021 period, but three of them (China, India, and Russia) did so in 2021. China has the most documents and the greatest h-index score, whereas South Africa has the highest number of citations. For China, on the other hand, more than half of the citations are self-citations. More than 50% of Russian documents are not cited in the subsequent literature. The study’s findings highlight publication trends and collaboration pattern among the BRICS countries in social sciences, which benefit the academic community, decision-makers, and the economy of the BRICS countries.
Engaging Young Students in Effective Robotics Education: An Embodied Learning-Based Computer Programming Approach
Authors: Zhang Xinli , Chen Yuchen , Li Danqing , Hu Lailin , Hwang Gwo-Jen , Tu Yun-Fang
Published: November 2023

Robotics education has received widespread attention in K-12 education. Studies have pointed out that in robotics courses, learners face challenges in learning abstract content, such as constructing a robot with a good structure and writing programs to drive a robot to complete specific learning tasks. The present study proposed the embodied learning-based computer programming approach and applied it to the LEGO Mindstorms EV3 robotics course. To evaluate its effectiveness, a quasi-experiment was conducted in one public primary school to explore its effects on students’ learning achievement, learning motivation, learning attitudes, learning engagement, and cognitive load. The experimental group (40 students) adopted the embodied learning-based computer programming approach, while the control group (40 students) adopted the conventional computer programming approach. The results showed that the experimental group had significantly better learning achievement in robotics than the control group, and that there was no significant difference in the cognitive load of the two groups. In terms of learning motivation, although both groups showed improvement, the experimental group had higher intrinsic learning motivation. In addition, the experimental group outperformed the control group with regard to learning attitudes and learning engagement (including cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement). Accordingly, this study could contribute to future research for developing more effective robotics teaching approaches and computer programming activity design.
The Imposition of a Coerced Autonomy: Suicidal “Bad Girls,” Human Service Professionals, and Gender Bias
Authors: Townsend Harriet
Published: November 2023

Through a thematic analysis of four cases of suicide by young women identified from the National Coronial Information System, I apply a gendered lens to understanding the ways in which human service professionals’ expectations of feminine behavior, led them to view these young women as “bad girls” and imposed a disempowering “coerced autonomy” framework onto them. In this framework, the girls were held responsible for factors that caused their distress but were denied self-determination in their diagnosis and/or treatment. I aim to broaden our understanding of how gendered expectations can have fatal consequences.
Sustainable natural biopolymers for biomedical applications
Authors: Monia Trimeche
Published: November 2023

Biopolymers are materials specifically engineered to interact with biological systems. They can be derived from either natural or synthetic sources, depending on the biological resources used or the manufacturing process employed. Over recent decades, these materials have gained significant popularity within the medical field due to their remarkable attributes such as biodegradability, bioactivity, and compatibility with human tissue. One notable application is their use as scaffolds for bone regeneration. Biopolymers, being renewable biomaterials, provide opportunities for continuous manufacturing and technological progress across various industries. These biomaterials have demonstrated great promise in medical sectors, including nerve regeneration and the production of surgical devices. Additionally, their versatility extends to non-biomedical applications, like food packaging. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of different biopolymers, elucidating their properties, showcasing their latest applications, and delving into the state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies used in their production. Special emphasis is placed on their suitability as bone tissue repair and regeneration scaffolds, owing to their unique properties, which render them an ideal choice for this specific application.
Novel Drug-Drug Interaction of Potential Rifabutin-Induced Edoxaban Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Lanier Cameron , Fuller Madeline , Reece Blair Abelson
Published: November 2023

Purpose: To report an incident of a breakthrough deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and potential example of a drug-drug interaction in a patient treated with edoxaban and rifabutin who was being treated for respiratory tuberculosis. Case: A 76-year-old male presented with anemia requiring transfusion and subsequent shortness of breath that was later diagnosed to be respiratory tuberculosis. He experienced a prolonged hospital stay due to persistently positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis respiratory samples and a complicated social situation that required continuous hospitalization for approximately five months. During his treatment the patient was transitioned from apixaban to edoxaban due to a drug-drug interaction with rifabutin. He subsequently had a DVT while on edoxaban after two months of therapy that would require him to transition to warfarin. Conclusion: This case represents an example of a potentially significant drug-drug interaction between edoxaban and rifabutin. Other direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) exhibit a potential drug-drug interaction that limit their effectiveness when used with rifamycins. This report describes the first known case of a patient experiencing a DVT after prolonged edoxaban use in combination with rifabutin. Treatment with DOACs for patients taking concomitant cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducers such as rifabutin may be more complicated than previously believed.
Impact of a Pharmacist-Conducted Preoperative Beta-Lactam Allergy Assessment on Perioperative Cefazolin Prescribing
Authors: Hitchcock Allison M. , Kufel Wesley D. , Seabury Robert W. , Steele Jeffrey M.
Published: November 2023

Background: Cefazolin is guideline recommended for perioperative prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery. Despite its unique R1 side chain, cefazolin is often avoided in patients with beta-lactam allergy with concern for cross reactivity. Objectives: The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who received cefazolin perioperatively. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of patients with a beta-lactam allergy clarified following the telephone interview and clinical outcomes including acute kidney injury, surgical site infection, Clostridioides difficile infection, and re-admission at 30 and 90 days. Methods: This single-center, quasi-experimental study evaluated a pilot program in which a pharmacist phoned patients > 18 years of age with a scheduled orthopedic surgery and a documented beta-lactam allergy to assess their allergy preoperatively. Recommendations to use cefazolin were based on an algorithm. Patients were divided into pre- and post-intervention cohorts. Results: A total of 832 patients were screened for inclusion with 135 and 66 patients included in the pre- and post-intervention cohorts. No significant difference was identified in the primary outcome. In the post-intervention cohort, 62% had a beta-lactam reaction updated in the electronic medical record. Those with a beta-lactam allergy delabeled or made less severe were numerically more likely to receive cefazolin than those with an unchanged reaction or a reaction made more severe (95.2% vs 68% vs 65%). There were no differences in clinical outcomes between groups. Conclusion: A pharmacist-conducted preoperative beta-lactam allergy interview in adult patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery improved beta-lactam allergy documentation but, did not result in increased utilization of cefazolin.
Different trajectories from a common crisis. Survival migrations and resilience of venezuelan adolescents to Peru
Authors: Cavagnoud Robin
Published: November 2023

This article examines the biography of adolescents who emigrated from Venezuela with family members due to economic hardship. It aims to highlight how a common crisis produces a variety of experiences, but that resilience is a central aspect of all life courses. It analyzes the stages of the adolescents’ migratory trajectory: their departure, journey, and settlement in Peru. The results show that the crisis homogenises the living conditions and produces a heterogeneity of migration experiences in which resilience is ever-present.
The influence of the mounting surface error on the deformation of the guideway
Authors: Song Luqi , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Xuesen , Sun Tao , Cheng Xiao
Published: November 2023

The guideway is deformed due to the clamp force of the bolt and the manufacturing error of the mounting surface. Deformation and manufacturing error constitute the guideway straightness error. In this paper, the pressure distribution of the bolt in the tightened state is simulated first, the relationship between the bolt clamp force and the tightening torque is calculated, and then the deformation of the guideway under different tightening torques is simulated. Finally, experiments are carried out on a guideway, and the results prove that the method proposed in this paper can accurately calculate the deformation of the guideway.
Design optimization and power management of a fuel cell-battery fixed-wing electric UAV
Authors: Saib Sabah , Achour Yahia , Ghennam Tarak , Marouani Khoudir , Rizoug Nassim
Published: November 2023

This study aims for endurance improvement and energy saving by addressing, on the one hand, the design optimization (DO) of a hybrid electric source (HES) consisting of a fuel cell (FC) and a battery, intended for a fixed-wing electric UAV (EUAV) and, on the other hand, the power management (PM) of the sources. The DO employed the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which determines the FC power and the battery capacity that offer the sources the least weight; the findings resulted in a weight reduction of 8%; this gain saves a total energy of 90.28 kJ that can extend the “endurance stage” by more than 26 min. Three power management strategies (PMS) are examined: frequency separation (FS), which gives good performance in PM and protects the FC from dehydration by smoothing its response; power limitation (PL) which protects the FC from exceeding its maximum power, and fuzzy logic (FL), which allows for more flexible power distribution between the sources and has the main advantage of controlling the battery state of charge (SOC). A fourth strategy was developed by combining the benefits of these three strategies. This hybrid PMS (HPMS) saves 2% of FC energy compared to the FL strategy. FS and PL save, respectively, 41% and 44% of FC energy, but the SOC can drop significantly, especially for longer missions. The experimental findings, achieved using a laboratory test bench, validate the simulated results obtained from MATLAB/Simulink software, confirming the validity and performance of the proposed HPMS.
Hedonic Value and Collaborative Luxury Consumption: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Jham Vimi , Mishra Sita , Jain Sheetal
Published: November 2023

In the recent past, attitude towards consumption has shifted with the development of sharing and renting models as new ways of consumption. This study used the theory of reasoned action to identify the role of hedonic value, attitude, subjective norm and perceived risks in influencing purchase intention in collaborative consumption for luxury fashion, as opposed to possessing goods. Data were collected from two high-end malls in Dubai ( n = 202) using a random sampling method. Before hypothesis testing, confirmatory factor analysis was done in AMOS 25. To examine mediation and moderation effects among constructs, the SPSS PROCESS Macro was used. The results of the study reveal that the two mediating variables, attitude towards luxury goods in collaborative consumption and subjective norm, strengthen the link between hedonic value and purchase intention for collaborative consumption of luxury goods. Further, the results of moderated mediation reveal that the perceived risk negatively affects the relationship between hedonic value and purchase intention and the relationship between subjective norm and purchase intention. As collaborative consumption is in the nascent stages in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, there is a need for marketers to carefully design their current strategies to reduce the risk associated with luxury rental goods and enhance consumer reassurance for increasing hedonic value.
A Longitudinal Two-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol to Evaluate the Efficacy of Yoga on Progression of Disease in Early Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Some Parameshwar , Majumdar Vijaya , N. K. Manjunath , Shetty Kuldeep , Snigdha Atmakur
Published: November 2023

Background

Numerous studies have shown that yoga can aid patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in managing their motor function, functional mobility, balance, anxiety, and overall quality of life. However, most of the reported research either needed more power or evaluated the results during or after the intervention. Due to the long-standing nature of PD, there are still few longitudinal studies investigating the potential of yoga to decrease the progression of the disease.

Purpose

We study whether sustained adjunct yoga intervention slows PD progression.

Methods

Over 18 months, this study will investigate the long-term benefits of yoga-based intervention in Parkinson’s patients. The concept of “intention-to-treat (ITT)” will be employed. From the outpatient clinic of the Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana in India, 160 patients with PD will be chosen. They will then be randomly assigned to either the interventional or control groups (1:1). The adjunct intervention group will participate in 21 daily contact yoga sessions (60 min) at the University Medical Center, followed by continued tele-supervised home practice and at-home self-practice. The effectiveness of the adjunct intervention will be evaluated at four different time points (baseline, 3-, 9-, 12-, and 18-month post-randomization). The primary endpoint will be the difference in the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III score at baseline and after 18 months of intervention. Secondary outcomes will include subscores of MDS-UPDRS I, II, and IV, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ)-39 scores, treatment adherence, the PDQ-39, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21, and the Scales for Outcomes in PD-Sleep Scale (SCOPA-S). The primary outcome will be analyzed using mixed-effect models for repeated measures, adjusted for covariates as fixed effects.

Results

The protocol was conceptualized in October 2021 and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of SVYASA. Recruitment began in February 2022 and is underway with patient enrollment.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first controlled study to examine the long-term effects of yoga as an adjuvant therapy on the progression of PD.

Key message

This would be the first long-term trial to assess the potential of an adjunct yoga intervention to modulate disease progression in early Parkinson’s patients.
Is Your City Too Big? Causes of Urban Primacy in India
Authors: Sridhar Kala Seetharam
Published: November 2023

In this article, we examine the degree of urban primacy and understand what explains urban primacy in the Indian states.

We estimated Zipf’s law for Indian states for 2001 and 2011. We then regressed the urban population in the largest city in each state as dependent on various factors.

We find Kerala had the least primacy as of 2011, whereby its biggest city contained only 5% of its urban population. Based on the second-stage regression, we find that the state per capita income, population and length of railways have a significantly negative effect on primacy, while MSME employment increases it. We examine the highway network in selected states characterized by severe primacy and find a major problem with national transport priorities.

The policy implications are for improving the national highway network and rail routes in the states to increase MSME employment and increase state income to reduce primacy.
Will a Plant-based Approach Be Sufficient to Address Food Security, Nutritional Adequacy and Sustainability in the Future?
Authors: Suri Shoba , Ray Subhasree
Published: November 2023

Food and nutrition insecurity threatens the long-term sustainability of our planet and is a significant socio-environmental disruptor. The growing world population is placing an increasing demand for environment-friendly, nutritious, safe food. Alongside this, diet-related diseases are also becoming increasingly prevalent. The food and agriculture system of our time emits 17.3 billion metric tonnes of carbon dioxide every year, with animal-based food production generating 57% of the total. Looking at these numbers, a growing conscience calls for a holistic food system that emphasizes saving the planet, preventing non-communicable diseases, offering food safety, ensuring nutritional adequacy, and developing sustainable food production practices. Plant-based diets are believed to solve all these problems and there is too much hype surrounding plant-based eating patterns on social media with the recent endorsement of influencers. It is undeniable that plant-based foods have tremendous future potential since they require fewer natural resources and are not detrimental to the environment. In addition, plant diets are reported to prevent and control non-communicable diseases. We propose three research questions in this context: (a) Are all plant-based foods equal in terms of health and environmental benefits? (b) Do these products meet acceptance, accessibility, and affordability requirements? (c) Does this process omit the immense nutritional benefit of other well-documented healthful dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet? We anticipate that the answers will supply valuable information to a broad range of stakeholders, including the public, global food production institutes, global nutrition bodies and researchers. Consequently, a well-rounded, economical, whole food-centred dietary approach can be formulated that will benefit us, our planet, and future generations.
Drought: Profile Assessment, Impact Analysis and Coping Strategies to Combat Drought in Naogaon District of Bangladesh
Authors: Rushmi Nowshin Rahman , Rana Md. Sohel , Rasel Md. , Islam Md. Jahidul , Prothan Md. Jakirul Islam Jony
Published: November 2023

This article tends to analyse the drought scenario of the Naogaon district in Bangladesh through groundwater potential zone modelling. The study’s findings illustrate that the maximum area covers a moderately potential groundwater zone. The study data also portrays various threats, including food insecurity and economic, social and environmental risks that were noticed as a consequence of the severe drought. The findings from the data indicate that the Porsha and Sapahar upazillas (sub-districts) of Naogaon district are more vulnerable zones in terms of drought. It is noteworthy that the people have been using indigenous knowledge to combat drought hazards. Local people are using crop calendars, agronomic management, water harvesting practices for less water-consuming crops and changes in occupation to manage the risks of drought in the study region.
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Cultural Practices of Sexual and Reproductive Health Among Afghan Refugee Women in Türkiye
Authors: Kuru Alici Nilgün , Ogüncer Ali
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Limited research on experiences of women, who constitute a double vulnerable group in both women and refugee status, regarding sexual and reproductive health. The purpose of this study is to examine the knowledge, beliefs, and cultural practices of Afghan women living in Türkiye regarding sexual and reproductive health.

Method:

This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted with 18 Afghan refugee women. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data.

Results:

Four themes emerged from interviews: cultural practices and beliefs related to pregnancy and postpartum, use of contraceptive methods, gender-based violence, and access to health services.

Conclusions:

Afghan women have different cultural practices regarding prenatal, pregnancy, and postpartum and lack of knowledge about sexual and reproductive health. Considering individual differences in sexual and reproductive health, providing sensitive, supportive, and informative services is recommended.
The Psychosocial Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Primary School Children of Health Professionals
Authors: Karahan Azize , Temiz Nida , Uğurlu Ziyafet , Fulser Berrak , Abbasoğlu Aysel , Ay Ayşe , Elbaş Nalan Özhan
Published: November 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health professionals had to spend much of their time working in hospitals, which may have caused psychological distress to their children. This study was in the form of a case study pattern, one of the qualitative research methods aimed to identify the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the primary school children of health professionals. Its sample consisted of health professionals ( n = 60) and their children ( n = 60), who were all at primary school. Data were collected from the parents using a questionnaire, and from the children by asking them to create drawings and explain them. Descriptive and content analysis were carried out. The findings were grouped under the headings of “Spatial and Social Effects on the Child's Daily Life,” “Effects on the Child's Emotions,” and “Effects on the Parent From the Child's Perspective.” It is recommended that interventions to maintain the psychosocial well-being of children be planned.
Flaw sensitivity of stochastic elastic materials
Authors: Lavoie Shawn R , Suo Zhigang
Published: November 2023

A material-specific length, called the flaw sensitivity length or fractocohesive length, is determined by measuring the strength of samples that contain cracks of various lengths. When the crack length is small compared with the fractocohesive length, the strength is unaffected by the crack. When the crack length is large compared with the fractocohesive length, the strength reduces as the crack length increases. Here we study how the fractocohesive length is affected by the stochastics of the constituents of a material. We simulate a model system, a truss in which the constituents are linearly elastic members forming a geometrically periodic lattice. The stochastics are represented by the scatter of strength among the members. The fractocohesive length scales with the length of each individual member, but the prefactor increases with the degree of scatter in member strength. The fractocohesive length can be much larger than the constituents of a material when the constituents have pronounced statistical variation.
Is Palliative Care Cost-Effective? A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Naoum Panagiota , Athanasakis Kostas , Pavi Elpida
Published: November 2023

Palliative care improves the quality of life for patients; however, its value-for-money is not yet established. The objective of the present study was to identify and critically assess published studies which investigate the cost-effectiveness of palliative care. A defined strategy was applied; the identified records were assessed with specific inclusion-exclusion criteria (PICO). Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Drummond checklist. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from January 2010 up to December 2022. A narrative synthesis approach was used. From a total of 3857 records, 21 studies were included in the analysis. Almost half (n = 10) the studies were conducted along randomized controlled trials, while the most common setting was home-based palliative care (n = 9). Quality of life was the most commonly assessed outcome (n = 14), measured almost exclusively in Quality-Adjusted Life Years (n = 13). In more than half of the included studies (n = 13), palliative care was found to lead to improved outcomes, while 3 studies did not find any difference in outcomes between comparators. Also, palliative care yielded lower costs in 13 studies and increased costs in 5 studies. Overall, 11 studies concluded that palliative care was a cost-effective intervention. The results of the review indicate that palliative care has the potential to be a cost-efficient allocation of healthcare resources or, at least, a cost saving approach. However, the need for a commonly aligned methodological framework still remains.
Publishing Registered Reports in Management and Applied Psychology: Common Beliefs and Best Practices
Authors: Briker Roman , Gerpott Fabiola H.
Published: November 2023

Management and applied psychology scholars are confronted with a crisis undermining trust in their findings. One solution to this crisis is the publication format Registered Reports (RRs). Here, authors submit the frontend of their paper for peer review before data collection. While this format can help increase the trustworthiness of research, authors’ usage of RRs—although emerging—has been scarce and scattered. Eventually, common beliefs regarding the (dis)advantages of RRs and a lack of best practices can limit the broad implementation of this approach. To address these issues, we utilized a systematic review process to identify 50 RRs in management and applied psychology and surveyed authors with ( N  =  86) and without experience ( N  =  161) in publishing RRs and reviewers/editors who have handled RRs ( N  =  59). On this basis, we (a) scrutinize prevalent beliefs surrounding the RR format in the fields of management and applied psychology and (b) derive hands-on best practices. In sum, we provide a fact check and guidelines for authors interested in writing RRs, which can also be used by reviewers to evaluate such submissions.
Brown Tumors of the Jaws: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Fedhila Maya , Belkacem Chebil Raouaa , Marmouch Hela , Terchalla Sabrine , Ayachi Samia , Oueslati Yassine , Oualha Lamia , Douki Nabiha , Khochtali Habib
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

(1) Describe the clinical spectrum, imaging features, management, and outcome of brown tumors (BT) of the jaws. (2) Determine via a literature review the facts and controversies around the characteristics and management of this lesion.

Materials and methods:

Our study was approved by the institutional committee of Sahloul University Hospital in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Sixteen patients with BT in the context of a primary, secondary, and tertiary hyperparathyroidism were treated and followed up during their recovery.

Results:

This study reports 16 patients with a mean age of 48 years old. Brown tumor lesions were associated with primary hyperparathyroidism in 6 cases (38%), secondary hyperparathyroidism to chronic kidney failure in 5 cases (31%), and tertiary hyperparathyroidism in the context of a long lasting CRI in 5 cases. Their location was maxillary in 7 cases, mandibular in 5 cases, and bimaxillary in 4 cases. The treatment consisted of parathyroidectomy in 13 patients, maxillary resection in 3 cases, and vitamin D treatment in 2 cases. Favorable outcomes, characterized by tumor regression, were reported in 9 cases, whereas unfavorable evolution was observed among 7 patients.

Conclusion:

Parathyroidectomy is the gold standard treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. It resulted in a total regression in all our cases. Regarding secondary hyperparathyroidism, blood screening and chronic renal insufficiency follow-up are critically valuable to detect this condition at an early stage, hence increasing the success rate of brown tumor regression. Our secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism results were miscellaneous; although it is important to emphasize the importance of the chronic renal insufficiency management to ensure a success.

Clinical relevance:

Brown tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis of giant cell lesions. Parathyroidectomy is usually sufficient to induce the total regression of the lesion in primary hyperparathyroidism cases. A more delicate approach is needed regarding secondary hyperparathyroidism. Meticulous control of chronic renal insufficiency is mandatory in addition to parathyroidectomy.
Celebrating 30 years of Organization: Epistemic pluralism, caring for our community and politics of hope
Authors: Zanoni Patrizia , Barros Marcos , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: November 2023

This editorial introduces the special issue celebrating 30 years of Organization. We first reflect on the continued relevance of our mission against the background of a management and organization studies field that is at once more open to the themes, epistemologies and methodologies we care about, and more dominated by a market logic and surveillance enforced through datafication technologies. Amidst this contradictory condition, we ask ourselves the important questions: What difference can we make and how do we best make it? We then renew our commitment to curating a space of epistemic pluralism, caring for our transnational, inclusive community and nourishing a political project of hope. For each of these ambitions, we mention the concrete actions we have been taking and those we plan to take in the near future. We conclude with an invitation to our readers, reviewers, board members and associate editors to participate in all activities ahead of us to build Organization further.
Social and mental health characteristics of adolescents living with HIV in Mexico: Implications for adherence to antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Arroyo-Jiménez Cointa , Benjet Corina , Robles Rebeca , Caballero-Suárez Nancy Patricia , Gálvez-Hernández Carmen Lizette , Ordoñez-Ortega Javier , Suárez-Maldonado Marco Tulio , Xochihua Luis
Published: November 2023

Mexico is the third Latin American country with the most children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (ALHIV). There is a lack of information on the characteristics of this population. We aimed to describe the social and mental health characteristics of Mexican ALHIV. A census was conducted of all adolescent patients with HIV at a pediatric hospital ( n = 47; mean age 14.39, S.D. = 3.65) and their caregivers. We collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, family, intelligence, mental health, adverse life events, substance use, treatment, knowledge of Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) and HIV, and biomarkers. Most cases were transmitted vertically and self-reported ART adherence was above 90%. Some obstacles to adherence were medicine discomfort, believing that they did not need it, and forgetfulness. The vulnerabilities were intellectual disability, adverse life events, possible mental health problems, and little knowledge of their illness and treatment. These findings suggest the importance of interventions to improve the perception and knowledge of HIV and ART to increase ART adherence.
Cultural poetics of illness and healing
Authors: Kirmayer Laurence J.
Published: November 2023

This issue of Transcultural Psychiatry presents selected papers from the McGill Advanced Study Institute on “Cultural Poetics of Illness and Healing.” The meeting addressed the cognitive science of language, metaphor, and poiesis from embodied and enactivist perspectives; how cultural affordances, background knowledge, discourse, and practices enable and constrain poiesis; the cognitive and social poetics of symptom and illness experience; and the politics and practice of poetics in healing ritual, psychotherapy, and recovery. This introductory essay outlines an approach to illness experience and its transformation in healing practices that emphasizes embodied processes of metaphor as well as the social processes of self-construal and positioning through material and discursive engagements with the cultural affordances that constitute our local worlds. The approach has implications for theory building, training, and clinical practice in psychiatry.
The Russia-Ukraine conflict as a discursive continuum: A comparative study of Business Today and New York Times using an extended corpus-based discourse-historical approach
Authors: Sun Yanting
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a comparative discourse analysis of media representations of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in the American newspaper New York Times and the Indian newspaper Business Today. Using an extended corpus-based discourse-historical approach incorporating tools from critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics, the study identifies key differences in main themes, discursive strategies, and linguistic means modulated by each nation’s geopolitics. The analysis reveals New York Times constructs the conflict predominantly as a moral and political crisis, employing critical language and ideological framing of Russia as the villain versus Ukraine as the victim. In contrast, Business Today approaches the conflict neutrally as an economic issue with pragmatic implications for India, avoiding explicit judgments and moral evaluations. While reflecting different ideological positions, the divergent framings and discursive strategies demonstrate the traditional “us versus them” dichotomy is an oversimplification. Through nuanced linguistic analysis of modal verbs, metaphors, analogies, hyperboles, and rhetorical questions, the study shows how historical relations, geopolitical interests, economic ties and cultural values create a complex discursive continuum rather than a static binary. By extending discourse-historical analysis, the paper advocates more pluralistic, self-reflexive journalism to enable nuanced policy debates attuned to on-the-ground realities, not just propagandistic binaries.
Better spiritual support for people living with early stage dementia: Developing the diamond conversation model
Authors: Haufe Marc , Leget Carlo , Potma Marieke , Teunissen Saskia
Published: November 2023

Background

People with early-stage dementia could benefit greatly from on-going spiritual support. However, health care professionals working in dementia care often do not have a clear idea of what such support might entail. There is a lack of tools that can help professionals provide such support. The Diamond conversation model used in palliative care could provide such a support. Aims: To develop the Diamond model for early-stage dementia so that professionals can provide better spiritual support.

Methods

Participatory research was conducted. Reflective interviews with chaplains, case managers and health psychologists identified frequently occurring existential and spiritual issues of clients and family members. A core participatory group consisting of chaplains, a psychologist and a researcher further analysed these issues thematically and co-developed the Diamond model for early stage dementia over three co-creation sessions. Researchers with Diamond model expertise provided feedback to the core participatory group in between these sessions based on the session output.

Findings

Central existential and spiritual issues were found to be: self-confidence and –worth, adaptability and capacity, security and loss, burden and enrichment of memory and faith and meaning. The five polarities of the Diamond model were found helpful to understand tensions surrounding these issues. Specific tensions were identified between maintaining a self and being valued, finding direction in what to do and a way to bear changes in ability, a strong need for attachment and letting go of past ways to relate to one another, the renewed intensity of long term memories and decline of the short term ones and surrendering to one’s life situation and wanting certainty and meaning.

Conclusions

The newly developed Diamond model for people with early-stage dementia offers a valuable framework to help professionals provide conversational support. More research needs to be done to further test and develop the model in practice.