bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In the development of creative abilities of preschool children design technology
Authors:   Sh.Ualikhanov Kokshetau University e-mail: gulnur270998@gmail.com, Toshigen . , Zhumabayeva Z. ,   Pavlodar pedagogical university e-mail: zezh@mail.ru
Published: July 2021

The article provides brief information about the creative word. Ways of development of creative abilities of children of preschool age by means of technology of designing are considered. The goals and importance of the development of children’s creative abilities in the child’s life are defined. The definition of design technology was issued. On the effectiveness of the use of design technology in the development of creative abilities. The features of the design technology and the importance of the development of children’s creativity are considered. In the system of preschool education there are areas of creativity within the framework of the state compulsory standard of preschool education, indicating the types of projects. Ways of application of creative educational activity are presented. In preschool age, educational activities in drawing, music, modeling, modeling affects the influence of the child on the formation of creative and intellectual abilities and psychologically developed personality. The General tasks of creative development are considered.
Large eddy simulation of boundary-layer turbulence over the heterogeneous surface in the Source Region of the Yellow River
Authors: Zhang Yunshuai , Huang Qian , Ma Yaoming , Luo Jiali , Wang Chan , Li Zhaoguo , Chou Yan
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Lake breezes are proved by downdrafts and the divergence flows of zonal wind in the source region of the Yellow River in the daytime based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data. In order to depict the effect of the circulations induced by surface anomaly heating (patches) on the boundary-layer turbulence, the large eddy model was used to produce a set of 1D strip-like surface heat flux distributions based on observations, which obtained by a field campaign in the Ngoring Lake Basin in the summer of 2012. The simulations show that for the cases without ambient winds, patch-induced circulations (SCs) enhance the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and then modify the spatial distribution of TKE. Based on phase-averaged analysis, which separates the attribution from the SCs and the background turbulence, the SCs contribute no more than 10 % to the vertical turbulent intensity, but their contributions to the heat flux can be up to 80 %. The lake patches produce consistent spatial distributions of wind speed and turbulent stress over the lake–land boundary, and the obvious change of turbulent momentum flux over the boundary of patches can not be neglected. In the entrainment layer, the convective rolls still persist under stronger geostrophic winds of 7–11 m s−1. The increased downdrafts, which mainly occur over the lake patches and carry more warm, dry air down from the free atmosphere. In general, the SCs promote the growth of convective boundary layer, while the background flows inhibit it. The background winds also weaken the patch-induced turbulent intensity, heat flux, and convective intensity.
Contrasting ice formation in Arctic clouds: surface-coupled vs. surface-decoupled clouds
Authors: Griesche Hannes J. , Ohneiser Kevin , Seifert Patric , Radenz Martin , Engelmann Ronny , Ansmann Albert
Published: July 2021

Abstract. In the Arctic summer of 2017 (1 June to 16 July) measurements with the
OCEANET-Atmosphere facility were performed during the Polarstern cruise
PS106. OCEANET comprises amongst other instruments the multiwavelength
polarization lidar PollyXT_OCEANET and for PS106 was complemented
with a vertically pointed 35 GHz cloud radar. In the scope of the
presented study, the influence of cloud height and surface coupling on the
probability of clouds to contain and form ice is investigated. Polarimetric
lidar data were used for the detection of the cloud base and the identification
of the thermodynamic phase. Both radar and lidar were used to detect cloud
top. Radiosonde data were used to derive the thermodynamic structure of the
atmosphere and the clouds. The analyzed data set shows a significant impact of
the surface-coupling state on the probability of ice
formation. Surface-coupled clouds were identified by a quasi-constant
potential temperature profile from the surface up to liquid layer base. Within
the same minimum cloud temperature range, ice-containing clouds have been
observed more frequently than surface-decoupled clouds by a factor of up to 6
(temperature intervals between −7.5 and −5 ∘C, 164 vs. 27
analyzed intervals of 30 min). The frequency of occurrence of
surface-coupled ice-containing clouds was found to be 2–3 times higher
(e.g., 82 % vs. 35 % between −7.5 and
−5 ∘C). These findings provide evidence that above
−10 ∘C heterogeneous ice formation in Arctic mixed-phase
clouds occurs by a factor of 2–6 more often when the cloud layer is coupled
to the surface. In turn, for minimum cloud temperatures below
−15 ∘C, the frequency of ice-containing clouds for coupled
and decoupled conditions approached the respective curve for the
central European site of Leipzig, Germany (51∘ N,
12∘ E). This corroborates the hypothesis that the free-tropospheric ice
nucleating particle (INP) reservoir over the Arctic is controlled by
continental aerosol. Two sensitivity studies, also using the cloud radar for
detection of ice particles and applying a modified coupling state detection,
both confirmed the findings, albeit with a lower magnitude. Possible
explanations for the observations are discussed by considering recent in situ
measurements of INP in the Arctic, of which much higher concentrations were
found in the surface-coupled atmosphere in close vicinity to the ice shore.
A systematic assessment of water vapor products in the Arctic: from instantaneous measurements to monthly means
Authors: Crewell Susanne , Ebell Kerstin , Konjari Patrick , Mech Mario , Nomokonova Tatiana , Radovan Ana , Strack David , Triana-Gómez Arantxa M. , Noël Stefan , Scarlat Raul , Spreen Gunnar , Maturilli Marion , Rinke Annette , Gorodetskaya Irina , Viceto Carolina , August Thomas , Schröder Marc
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Water vapor is an important component in the water and energy cycle of the Arctic. Especially in light of Arctic amplification, changes in water vapor are of high interest but are difficult to observe due to the data sparsity of the region. The ACLOUD/PASCAL campaigns performed in May/June 2017 in the Arctic North Atlantic sector offers the opportunity to investigate the quality of various satellite and reanalysis products. Compared to reference measurements at R/V Polarstern frozen into the ice (around 82∘ N, 10∘ E) and at Ny-Ålesund, the integrated water vapor (IWV) from Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) L2PPFv6 shows the best performance among all satellite products. Using all radiosonde stations within the region indicates some differences that might relate to different radiosonde types used. Atmospheric river events can cause rapid IWV changes by more than a factor of 2 in the Arctic. Despite the relatively dense sampling by polar-orbiting satellites, daily means can deviate by up to 50 % due to strong spatio-temporal IWV variability. For monthly mean values, this weather-induced variability cancels out, but systematic differences dominate, which particularly appear over different surface types, e.g., ocean and sea ice. In the data-sparse central Arctic north of 84∘ N, strong differences of 30 % in IWV monthly means between satellite products occur in the month of June, which likely result from the difficulties in considering the complex and changing surface characteristics of the melting ice within the retrieval algorithms. There is hope that the detailed surface characterization performed as part of the recently finished Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) will foster the improvement of future retrieval algorithms.
Influence of the semidiurnal lunar tide on the equatorial plasma bubble zonal drifts over Brazil
Authors: Paulino Igo , Paulino Ana Roberta , Medeiros Amauri F. , Wrasse Cristiano M. , Buriti Ricardo A. , Takahashi Hisao
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Using OI6300 airglow images collected over São João do Cariri (7.4° S, 36.5° W) from 2000 to 2007, the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) zonal drifts were calculated. A strong day-to-day variability was observed in the EPB zonal drifts due to the complexity in the dynamics of the nighttime thermosphere-ionosphere system near the equator. The present work investigated the contribution of the semidiurnal lunar tide M2 for the EPB zonal drifts. On average, the M2 contributes 5.6 % to the variability of the EPB zonal drifts, presenting an amplitude of 3.1 m/s. The results showed that the M2 amplitudes in the EPB zonal drifts were solar cycle and seasonal dependents. The amplitude of the M2 was stronger during the high solar activity reaching over 10 % of the EPB zonal drift average. Regarding the seasons, during the southern hemisphere summer, the M2 amplitude was twice larger (12 %) compared to the equinox ones. The seasonality agrees with other observations of the M2 in the ionospheric parameters such as vertical drifts and electron concentration, for instance. On the other hand, the very large M2 amplitudes found during the high solar activity must be further investigated.
Precise timing of MIS 7 substages from the Austrian Alps
Authors: Wendt Kathleen A. , Li Xianglei , Edwards R. Lawrence , Cheng Hai , Spötl Christoph
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Investigating the precise timing of regional-scale climate changes during glacial terminations and the interglacial periods that follow is key to
unraveling the mechanisms behind these global climate shifts. Here, we present a high-precision time series of climate changes in the Austrian Alps
that coincide with the later portion of Termination III (TIII), the entire penultimate interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7), Termination IIIa
(TIIIa), and the penultimate glacial inception (MIS 7–6 transition). Using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry techniques, we have constructed a
uranium-series chronology with relative age uncertainties averaging 1.7 ‰ (2σ) for our study period (247 to 191 thousand years
before present, ka). Results reveal the onset of warming in the Austrian Alps associated with TIII at 242.5 ± 0.2 ka and the
duration of MIS 7e warming between 241.8 and 236.7 (±0.6) ka. An abrupt shift towards higher δ18O values at
216.8 ka marks the onset of regional warming associated with TIIIa. Two periods of high δ18O values (greater than
−10 ‰ Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB)) between 215.9–213.3 and 204.3–197.5 (±0.4) ka coincide with interglacial substages MIS 7c and 7a,
respectively. Multiple fluorescent inclusions suggest a partial retreat of the local Alpine glacier during peak obliquity forcings at
214.3 ± 0.4 ka. Two newly collected stalagmites from Spannagel Cave (SPA146 and 183) provide high-resolution replications of the
latter portion of the MIS 7a-to-6e transition. The resulting multi-stalagmite record reveals important chronological constraints on climate shifts in
the Austrian Alps associated with MIS 7 while offering new insight into the timing of millennial-scale changes in the North Atlantic realm leading
up to TIII and TIIIa.
Coupling saturated and unsaturated flow: comparing the iterative and the non-iterative approach
Authors: Brandhorst Natascha , Erdal Daniel , Neuweiler Insa
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Fully integrated three-dimensional (3D) physically based hydrologic models usually require many computational resources. For many applications, simplified models can be a cost-effective alternative. The 3D models of subsurface flow are often simplified by coupling a 2D groundwater model with multiple 1D models for the unsaturated zone. The crucial part of such models is the coupling between the two model compartments. In this work we compare two approaches for the coupling. One is iterative where the 1D unsaturated zone models go down to the impervious bottom of the aquifer, and the other one is non-iterative and uses a moving lower boundary for the unsaturated zone. In this context we also propose a new way of treating the specific yield, which plays a crucial role in linking the unsaturated and the groundwater model. Both models are applied to three test cases with increasing complexity and analyzed in terms of accuracy and speed compared to fully integrated model runs. The non-iterative approach is faster but does not yield a good accuracy for the model parameters in all applied test cases, whereas the iterative one gives good results in all cases. Which strategy is applied depends on the requirements: computational speed vs. model accuracy.
The 2020 glacial lake outburst flood at Jinwuco, Tibet: causes, impacts, and implications for hazard and risk assessment
Authors: Zheng Guoxiong , Mergili Martin , Emmer Adam , Allen Simon , Bao Anming , Guo Hao , Stoffel Markus
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We analyze and reconstruct a recent glacial lake outburst
flood (GLOF) process chain on 26 June 2020, involving the moraine-dammed
proglacial lake – Jinwuco (30.356∘ N, 93.631∘ E) in
eastern Nyainqentanglha, Tibet, China. Satellite images reveal that from
1965 to 2020, the surface area of Jinwuco has expanded by 0.2 km2
(+56 %) to 0.56 km2 and subsequently decreased to 0.26 km2
(−54 %) after the GLOF. Estimates based on topographic reconstruction and
sets of published empirical relationships indicate that the GLOF had a
volume of 10 million cubic meters, an average breach time of 0.62 h, and an
average peak discharge of 5602 m3/s at the dam. Based on pre- and
post-event high-resolution satellite scenes, we identified a large debris
landslide originating from western lateral moraine that was most likely
triggered by extremely heavy, south-Asian-monsoon-associated rainfall in
June 2020. We back-calculate part of the GLOF process chain, using the
GIS-based open-source numerical simulation tool r.avaflow. Two scenarios are
considered, assuming a debris-landslide-induced impact wave with overtopping
and resulting retrogressive erosion of the moraine dam (Scenario A), as well as
retrogressive erosion without a major impact wave (Scenario B). Both
scenarios are in line with empirically derived ranges of peak discharge and
breach time. The breaching process is characterized by a slower onset and a
resulting delay in Scenario B compared to Scenario A. Comparison of the
simulation results with field evidence points towards Scenario B, with a peak
discharge of 4600 m3/s. There were no casualties from
this GLOF, but it caused severe destruction of infrastructure (e.g., roads and
bridges) and property losses in downstream areas. Given the clear role of
continued glacial retreat in destabilizing the adjacent lateral moraine
slopes and directly enabling the landslide to deposit into the expanding
lake body, the GLOF process chain can be plausibly linked to anthropogenic
climate change, while downstream consequences have been enhanced by the
development of infrastructure on exposed flood plains. Such process chains
could become more frequent under a warmer and wetter future climate, calling
for comprehensive and forward-looking risk reduction planning.
El carácter enciclopédico de Wikipedia en español: aproximación a sus contenidos sobre Ciencias y Humanidades
Authors: Fernández Montes José Mario , Iriarte Franco Miguel Ángel , Mori Recio José Emilio , Tejero Matía Santiago
Published: July 2021

Partiendo de la dimensión enciclopédica de Wikipedia –marcada por la amplitud, variedad y ordenación sistemática de sus contenidos–, esta investigación busca identificar los campos de conocimiento presentes en ella y analizar cuantitativamente esa presencia. Con ese fin, selecciona una muestra de artículos —los destacados y buenos de Wikipedia en español— y, según agrupaciones de elaboración propia, los encuadra en los ámbitos STEM y HSSA, herederos de las clásicas Ciencias y Letras. Por medio de recursos de acceso a las bases de datos de Wikipedia y de tratamiento de esa información, el trabajo estudia variables como el número de artículos, su extensión, la cantidad de visitas y el volumen de editores y ediciones. Las conclusiones ponen en relación la presencia de HSSA y STEM; la más destacada es el mayor volumen de artículos HSSA en cifras totales, que contrasta con el número más alto de visualizaciones medias de los STEM.
Dos investigaciones recientes sobre los guaraní
Authors: Carid Naveira Miguel
Published: July 2021

Morais, Bruno Martins. Do corpo ao pó: Crônicas da terrotarialidade Kaiowá e Guarani nas adjacências da morte. 2017. Editora Elefante, São Paulo. 368 pp. ISBN: 978-85-93115-08-0.

Pierri, Daniel Calazans. O perecível e o imperecível: Reflexões Guarani Mbya sobre a existencia. 2018. Editora Elefante. São Paulo. 320 pp. ISBN: 978-85-93115-11-0.
Theoretical bases for academics’ potential development: foreign and domestic experience
Authors: Skyba Yurii , Lebedynets Hanna
Published: July 2021

Ensuring and improving the quality of teaching and learning, in particular the academics’ potential development, is reflected in strategic European and domestic documents, namely in the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, the Paris Communiqué, the Strategy for Higher Education in Ukraine for 2021-2031 and others. The expediency for academics’ potential development is confirmed by the results of a national survey on the needs for the development of Ukrainian universities in the process of reforming higher education in the context of European integration. The article highlights the problems of academics’ potential development. Based on foreign and domestic experience, the theoretical bases for academics’ potential development, in particular the conceptual and terminological apparatus and structural components of teaching metacompetence are substantiated. The concept «potential of an academic» is defined as a set of intellectual, intangible resources, conditions and opportunities created for the production and accumulation of new knowledge, ideas, technologies, competencies and other productive properties at the university, which combines two levels of connections functioning in unity. The first level of connections are resources that are the result of past and present, and the second – opportunities, i.e. those abilities and connections that are future-oriented, constantly changing, evolving, forming new abilities, characteristics, including elements of the future development. The following components are distinguished in the structure of teaching metacompetence: prognostic; design; objective; innovative; pedagogical partnership; organizational; information and digital; reflexive; linguistic and communicative; inclusive; motivational; health-preserving; emotional-ethical and evaluative-analytical. The development of the above components of teaching metacompetence will help ensure the quality of higher education and increase the competitiveness of the university in the educational services market.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES IN THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF ADENOMYOSIS
Authors: METREVELI BEKA , GAGUA DAVID , BURKADZE GEORGE
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, adenomyosis represents one of the most common pathology of female genital system. It occurs at different ages, including nulliparous, infertile and multiparous women. The etiology of adenomyosis is still under investigation. Despite the fact that there are many different theories, none of them fully explain the mechanisms of adenomyoisis development. The pathogeneis of adenomyosis is also less studied. Many studies indicate the involvement of female sex hormone receptors, cell proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the involvement of inflammation. Some investigators describe the malignant transformation of adenomyosis, which makes the study of the disease etiology and pathogenesis more important. In current review, we discuss the different theories of adenomyosis development, as well as the risk of malignant transformation.
BILIARY COMPLICATIONS AFTER ORTHOPEDIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: BOLKVADZE RUSLAN , KASHIBADZE KAKHABER , TSALUGHELASHVILI ALEXANDER , CHOMAKHASHVILI ZURAB , TSETSKHLADZE OTAR , ZHGHENTI GIORGI , ZOSIDZE NATO , JINTCHARADZE DEMUR
Published: July 2021

Since 1967, liver transplantation has been considered to be a standard surgical intervention in patients with terminal stage of liver disease, orthopedic liver transplantation is characterized by a number of complications, which can be fatal for the patient. One of the most important post-transplant complications of the liver is biliary complications - the so-called Achilles tendon for liver transplantation. The article discusses current issues in the treatment, diagnosis and prevention of biliary complications, which will allow us to treat patients with these incurable complications more quickly and effectively.
CASES OF CONVERSION OF THE CIVIL LEGAL ACT IN SUCCESSION MATTERS
Authors:   Moldova State University, Baiesu Sergiu , Sargarovschi Mariana ,   Moldova State University
Published: July 2021

The conversion as a way of correcting the causes of nullity of the civil legal act, which consists in capitalizing in a transformed manner the manifestation of valid will expressed in a civil legal act struck by nullity in a subsequent civil legal act, has applicability in various matters of civil law. This paper focuses on the identification and analysis of conversion hypotheses in the field of succession reflected in the doctrine, but also in the Civil Code of the Republic of Moldova. Thus, the author noted that a privileged will struck by nullity may be converted into a holographic will, that the act of alienation of the succession property struck by nullity may be converted into tacit acceptance of the succession and that the act of alienation of the object of the bequest struck by nullity will be able to be converted into revocation of the bequest.
DELIMITATION OF HOSTAGE-TAKING FROM BLACKMAIL OFFENSES AND OTHER SIMILAR CRIMINAL ACTS
Authors:   ", Chirita Valentin ,   Stefan cel Mare",   Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Moldova
Published: July 2021

The delimitation of this offense from other similar components is of special importance in order to perform a correct deed qualification according to article No. 280 of the Penal Code of RM. The analysis of the problem in question has a great significance for both theory and judicial practice. The delimitation of the hostage-taking from other similar offenses is to be performed on the basis of the objective and subjective signs by which the respective components differ. The offense provided in art. 280 of the Penal Code of the RM is connected with a series of misdemeanors, which threaten, first of all, the freedom of a person, the transport security, as well as patrimonial relations. This type of offense refers to: blackmail (art. 189 of the Penal Code of RM), kidnapping of a person (art. 164 of the Penal Code of RM), illegal deprivation of liberty (art. 166 of the Penal Code of RM), hijacking or capture of a train, an aircraft, maritime or fluvial ship (art. 275 CP) etc.
THE CONCEPT OF THREAT IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors:   Moldova State University, Angheluta Mihaela
Published: July 2021

In the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, the concept of threat designates not a socially dangerous phenomenon, but a socially dangerous act. From this perspective, the content of the concept of threat is disclosed in this article. In the Criminal Code, the notion of threat designates the prejudicial action, committed with intent, which is one of the types of mental violence, which involves the exercise of an informational influence on the victim, which has the effect of intimidating it, which assumes that the victim is provided with information about causing her harm, which involves partial or full impairment of the victim’s ability to make decisions and express opinions. The notion of threat must be defined in Chapter XIII of the general part of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. This definition must be abstracted from details concerning concrete crime components. This would contribute to the interpretation and application of liability for the threat in strict accordance with the principle of legality.
THE PHENOMENON OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE. CAUSALITY AND CONSEQUENCES OF VIOLENT FAMILY CLIMATE
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cebotari Olesea
Published: July 2021

Domestic violence represents a serious social problem being considered a form of torture because of its characteristics. Lived as a reality, it causes traumas, lived in the imaginary, it breakdowns the human being, making it incapable of the performances of a normal life, integrated in the society. The consequences appear not only on an individual level, but also socially through the shattering of relationships and the erosion of solidarity and social cohesion. So we can say that domestic violence is a pressing problem that requires solutions without delay and special attention from both society and the state. It is widespread throughout the country and has a negative impact on the health of all women who are beaten by their partners. We cannot but overlook the fact that violence leads to increased mortality, as well as homicides or even suicides. So, domestic violence is a very alarming phenomenon that demands to be solved quickly and effectively.
Rajayakshma: Ayurvedic classical literature review.
Authors: Shirke Vivek
Published: July 2021

Rajayakshma is a group of diseases that gets manifested with the vitiation of tridhatu and sapta dhatu. Due to indulging in Sahas veg sandarana. kshaya, and vishamashana , there is the manifestation of Ekadasha Rupa. Rajayakshma is considered as king of all diseases. Thus it is termed as Raja (King) and Yakshma (decay) which mean of the fraying conditions of huge magnitude. Symptoms of Rajayakshma are Parshwashool, Jwar, kasa and raktashthiwana.  In modern era Rajayakshma can be correlated to Tuberculosis. Though there is a difference in the pathogenesis of Rajayakshma and Pulmonary Tuberculosis. The clinical picture of both is quite similar. It is a major public health problem in India due to environmental changes, changes in behavior, diet habits, poor quality of life, population explosion, undernutrition, and lack of awareness about the causes of disease and modern lifestyle. Ayurveda can provide the satisfactory health services due to it comprehensive capacity of attending all type of Pathological changes.
Factors influencing financial inclusion in Oman: An empirical study
Authors: Warsame Mohammed Hersi , Lasyoud Alhashmi Aboubaker , Abdalla Yousif Abdelbagi
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the factors that have the highest effects on financial inclusion in Oman. To achieve this, a survey questionnaire employing selective sampling was conducted at Al-Buraimi governorate to examine the moderation effect of gender, age and level of education among other relevant variables on financial inclusion in Oman. The results show that the younger generation were more likely to be financially excluded compared to the well-off participants and that financial literacy is significantly moderated by age, gender and employment status. The study made a huge contribution in the endeavor of enhancing financial inclusion in Oman by depicting the importance of social influence, which would assist bank managers and financial marketers as it largely dictates the choice of the type of the bank that a customer would choose in Oman.
A Study on factors affecting job satisfaction of working women with Karl Pearson’s Chi-Square test
Authors: Malik Manjula , Nehra A. K. , Saini B K
Published: July 2021

The Present research article is an endeavour to study the factors affecting job satisfaction of working women with Karl Pearson’s Chi-Square test. The chi square test for independence of two variables allows the researcher to determine whether variables are dependent or independent of each other. Two types of questionnaires, self made and on five pre-defined level scale were sent to 200 higher secondary government and private school teachers of Barmer district in Rajasthan out of which 180 were returned by the respondents. The Chi-Square test results indicate that there is a significant difference in job satisfaction of higher secondary school teacher. Research shows that female teachers are less satisfied than male teachers.
The changing characteristics of COVID-19 presentations. A regional comparison of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalised patients during the first and second wave
Authors:   Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, Atkin Cat , Kamwa Vicky ,   Department of Acute Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn way, Birmingham, West Midlands, Reddy-Kolanu V ,   Acute Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Parekh D ,   A. Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Evison F ,   Research Analytics, Department of Health Informatics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Nightingale P ,   China, Gallier S ,   Territories, Hong Kong SAR,, Ball S ,   Hospital, Shatin, New, Sapey E ,   Kong, Prince of Wales
Published: July 2021

Background: This study assesses COVID-19 hospitalised patient demography and outcomes during wave 1 and wave 2, prior to new variants of the virus. Methods: All patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 swab between 10th March 2020 and 5th July 2020 (wave 1) and 1st September 2020 and 16th November 2020 (wave 2) admitted to University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust were included (n=4856), followed for 28 days. Results: Wave 2 patients were younger, more ethnically diverse, had less co-morbidities and disease presentation was milder on presentation. After matching for these factors, mortality was reduced, but without differences in intensive care admissions. Conclusion: Prior to new SARS-CoV-2 variants, outcomes for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 were improving but with similar intensive care needs.
A prospective, observational study of the performance of MEWS, NEWS, SIRS and qSOFA for early risk stratification for adverse outcomes in patients with suspected infections at the emergency department
Authors:   Section emergency medicine, Emergency department, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Mohammadi P , Dekker R ,   Section emergency medicine, Emergency department, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Brown V ,   Section emergency medicine, Emergency department,Gasthuis & Vlietland,Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Attaye T ,   Section emergency medicine, Emergency department, Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Huisman SJ ,   Section Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis, Delft, The Netherlands, Hettinga-Roest AA ,   Section Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bernhoven, Uden, The Netherlands, Nanayakkara PWB ,   Section Acute Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Published: July 2021

Background: Many patients with suspected infection are presented to the emergency Department. Several scoring systems have been proposed to identify patients at high risk of adverse outcomes. Methods: We compared generic early warning scores (MEWS and NEWS) to the (SIRS) criteria and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessement (qSOFA), for early risk stratification in 1400 patients with suspected infection in the ED. The primary study end point was 30-day mortality. Results: The AUROC of the NEWS score for predicting 30-day mortality was 0.740 (95% Confidence Interval 0.682-0.798), higher than qSOFA (AUROC of 0.689, 95% CI 0.615- 0.763), MEWS (AUROC 0.643 (95% CI 0.583-0.702) and SIRS (AUROC 0.586, 95%CI 0.521 – 0.651). The sensitivity was also highest for NEWS≥ 5 (sensitivity 75,8% specificity of 67,4%). Conclusion: Among patients presenting to the ED with suspected infection, early risk stratification with NEWS (cut-off of ≥5) is more sensitive for prediction of mortality than qSOFA, MEWS or SIRS, with adequate specificity.
Quality: What does it mean in Acute Medicine and how do we measure it?
Authors:   Consultant Acute Medicine, Senior Clinical Lecturer, Bangor University, Bangor, Subbe CP , Holland M ,   Visiting Professor & Clinical Lecturer, Bolton University, Lewis G ,   Consultant Acute Medicine and Nephrology, Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Ireland, Soong JTY ,   Consultant Physician, Division of Advanced Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Varia R ,   Clinical Director & Consultant Acute Medicine, St Helens & Knowsley Hospitals NHS Trust. Trust Fluid & AKI Lead, Price V ,   Consultant Acute Medicine, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Gebrill A ,   Consultant Acute Medicine, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, Sullivan P ,   Consultant Acute Medicine, St Richard’s Hospital, Chichester
Published: July 2021

Acute Medicine is a specialty that is not defined by a single organ system and sits at the interface between primary and secondary care. In order to document improvements in the quality of care delivered a system of metrics is required. A number of frameworks for measurements exist to quantify quality of care at the level of patients, teams and organisations, such as measures of population health, patient satisfaction and cost per patient. Measures can capture whether care is safe, effective, patient-centred, timely, efficient and equitable. Measurement in Acute Medicine is challenged by the often-transient nature of the contact between Acute Medicine clinicians and patients, the lack of diagnostic labels, a low degree of standardisation and difficulties in capturing the patient experience in the context. In a time of increasing ecological and financial constraints, reflecting about the most appropriate metrics to document the impact of Acute Medicine is required.
Evaluation of systemic vasoconstriction and prognosis using thermography: a systematic review
Authors:   MD Department of Emergency Medicine Odense University Hospital Denmark, Jensen RO , Lo RSL ,   MB BCh BaO Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Emergency Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China, Kellett JG ,   MB BCh BAO (Medicine) Department of Emergency Medicine Hospital of South West Jutland Denmark, Graham CA ,   MD MPH Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Emergency Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China., Brabrand M ,   MD PhD Department of Emergency Medicine Hospital of South West Jutland Denmark
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This systematic review investigates whether infrared thermography (IRT) can measure systemic vasoconstriction and addresses the value of IRT in assessing circulatory deficiency and prognoses. Methods: Design was based on the PRISMA criteria and a systematic search of 6 databases was performed. Results: Of 3,198 records, five articles were included. Three clinical studies were identified; two found significant correlations between IRT obtained temperatures and mortality. An experimental study found an association between peripheral temperature and stroke volume. An animal study found that central-peripheral temperature differences correlated with shock index, mean arterial pressure, and disease progression. Conclusions: Data from the most valid study suggests that central-peripheral temperature differences should be investigated further, both on its own, and integrated with other variables.
Fatal Methaemoglobinaemia Due To Intentional Sodium Nitrite Poisoning
Authors:   Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, Huntington GR , Pennington JM ,   Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London
Published: July 2021

We report a case of fatal methaemoglobinaema resulting from sodium nitrite poisoning. A 28 year old woman arrested in the emergency department following collapse. During resuscitation a venous blood gas revealed a methaemoglobin percentage of 81%. Following treatment with methylene blue, sodium bicarbonate and adrenaline, the methaemoglobin decreased. Prior to transfer to intensive care, a CT head revealed extensive hypoxic brain injury. Two days later brain death was confirmed on brainstem testing. Severe methaemoglobinaemia is rapidly fatal, with fast diagnosis and treatment associated with improved outcomes.
Primary upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (effort thrombosis)
Authors:   SpR Acute Internal Medicine & General Internal Medicine Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Ramadan SM , Kasfiki EV ,   Consultant Acute Medicine, Deputy Director of Clinical Simulation Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Kelly CWP ,   General Practitioner The Old Fire Station Surgery, Beverley, Ali I ,   Consultant and Clinical Lead in Acute Medicine Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Published: July 2021

Primary spontaneous upper extremity deep vein thrombosis is characterised by thrombosis within deep veins draining the upper extremity due to anatomical abnormalities of the thoracic outlet causing axillosubclavian compression and subsequent thrombosis. It is an uncommon condition that typically presents with unilateral arm swelling in a young male following vigorous upper extremity activity. The diagnosis of this condition is usually made by Doppler ultrasound, but other investigations are mandatory to exclude the secondary causes of upper extremity DVT. Different treatment options are available including anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgery. We report the case of a young healthy male with athletic physique who presented with pain and swelling of his dominant arm after weightlifting in the gym.
КВАНТИТАТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МОНЕТНОГО СЕРЕБРА ДЕНЕЖНОЙ РЕФОРМЫ ХАНА КЕПЕКА МЕТОДОМ ОЭСА
Authors: Петров Павел Николаевич , Байтанаев Бауыржан Абишевич , Шайхутдинова Евгения Флюровна
Published: July 2021

Предпринято изучение характера монетного реформирования в Бухаре и Самарканде при чагатаидском хане Кепеке (718–725/1318–1325). С этой целью был изучен с помощью разрушающего метода оптического атомно-эмиссионного спектрального анализа (ОЭСА) элементный состав монетных сплавов дореформенных и пореформенных дирхамов. Было составлено три группы монет (I и II – «масудбековские» дирхамы конца XIII – начала XIV в. и III – пореформенные кепековские дирхамы Самарканда и Бухары). Ранее эти же образцы изучались с помощью рентгено-флуоресцентного анализа (РФА). Проведен сравнительный анализ с данными, полученными с этих же образцов, но методом РФА. Установлено, что для высокопробных серебряных сплавов (более 80%) оба метода дают близкие результаты и метод РФА, как неразрушающий, может использоваться для ориентировочной оценки количественного и качественного элементного состава. В ходе реформирования монетного дела в Бухаре и Самарканде при Кепеке была поднята проба серебра для выпуска пореформенных дирхамов практически с 85% (в «масудбековских» дирхамах) до 97%, т.е. на 10%. При этом обменный рыночный эквивалент предреформенных и пореформенных монет (3 к 4) указывает на одинаковое количество серебра в каждой из этих двух групп. То есть реформирование монетного дела в Бухаре, а потом и в Самарканде, при хане Кепеке не преследовало цель прямого фискального выигрыша непосредственно за счет экономии количества серебра в дирхамах, но была направлена на оздоровление торговли в регионе путем улучшения качества серебряных монет.
PER ASPERA AD ASTRA: К ЮБИЛЕЮ АРМАНА БЕЙСЕНОВА
Authors: Бедельбаева Марина Васильевна , Базарбаева Галия Аппазовна
Published: July 2021

В сентябре исполнилось 60 лет казахстанскому археологу, специалисту в области изучения древностей раннего железного века Центральной Азии – Арману Бейсенову. Адресуя данную статью в его честь, отметим, что под руководством Армана Зияденовича сделан ряд открытий в области изучения памятников эпохи бронзы, раннего железного века и Нового времени Сарыарки и Жетысу. Благодаря А.З. Бейсенову, были изданы сборники документов и научных статей, монографии. Особенного внимания в творчестве коллеги заслуживает достойное отношение к наследию классиков отечественной археологии. Благодаря кропотливому труду А.З. Бейсенова, очерчены силуэты казахстанских археологов XX в., чьи работы актуальны и востребованы в настоящее время. В настоящее время А.З. Бейсенов успешно продолжает исследования, совмещая экспедиционную и кабинетную работу, занимается подготовкой молодых специалистов, разрабатывает актуальные направления отечественной науки. Хронологическая колонка 14С дат по исследованным А.З. Бейсеновым памятникам в археологии раннего железа Казахстана, пожалуй, не знает себе равных. От всей души поздравляем юбиляра и желаем стремления к новым открытиям, достойных учеников, реализации задуманного!
К 90-летию ОЛЕГА ВИКТОРОВИЧА МЕДВЕДЕВА
Authors: Кузнецова Ольга
Published: July 2021

В январе 2021 г. отметил свой 90-летний юбилей Олег Викторович Медведев – старейший сотрудник Института археологии им. А. Х. Маргулана. На протяжении многих лет Олег Викторович работал фотографом в Институте. Благодаря его кропотливой работе были зафиксированы многочисленные раскопки, которые проводили археологи.
Exploring the Potential Challenges of Belt and Road Initiative for Sustainable Supply Chains: South Asian Perspective
Authors: Butt Atif Saleem , Shah Hamad Hassan , Ahmad Ahmad Bayiz
Published: July 2021

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been the subject of research in many disciplines. However, its application to the supply chain domain is scant and limited. In particular, extant literature is mute on how BRI may potentially impact sustainable supply chains. Given that BRI is a large-scale project focusing on building large-scale logistics infrastructure, it can have serious implications for sustainable supply chains from environmental and social perspectives. This study attempts to address this gap. Using a phenomenological approach and conducting 36 semi-structured interviews with senior managers from five South Asian countries (Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, and China), this study reveals that BRI can potentially harm organizations' supply chains from environmental, social, and governance perspectives. The study contextualizes the findings in the extant literature and further articulates its implications for theory and practice. It finally concludes by discussing its limitations and future research directions.
Contribution à l'amélioration de la qualité de prise en charge du paludisme au Centre de Santé Communautaire de Sanankoroba dans le district sanitaire de Kalabancoro, Mali
Authors: K Toungara
Published: July 2021

Introduction : Le paludisme constitue un véritable problème de santé publique dans le monde et majeur dans les pays subsahariens. Sa prise en charge selon les recommandations de l'OMS n'est pas correctement effectuée partout. Le but de notre travail était de contribuer à l'amélioration de la qualité de la prise en charge du paludisme dans le centre de santé communautaire de Sanankoroba. Matériel et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale à passage répété de recherche action de Susman. Elle s'est déroulée en quatre mois allant du 1ier juillet au 31 octobre 2019 dans le centre de santé de Sanankoroba. Ont été inclus dans cette étude les cas présumés ou confirmés du paludisme par les prestataires de santé du CSCom de Sanankoroba. Résultats : Après la mise en place du plan d'action entre l'évaluation initiale et finale, nous avons constaté une évolution de la concordance entre signes et classification du paludisme de 51% à 93,3% (Chi2 = 40,848 ; p<10-3). Le suivi et l'évolution appliqués par les prestataires étaient passés de 0% à 82,7% (Chi2 = 105,7 ; p = 0,765) au cours de l'évaluation finale. Les conseils sur les mesures de prévention de 0% à 81.3 % après le plan d'action. Conclusion : Les insuffisances constatées au cours de cette étude ont été corrigées grâce à des planifications faites et leur mise en œuvre.Mots clés : paludisme, centre de santé communautaire, Sanankoroba, Mali
Evaluation des besoins en prothèse dentaire chez les patients au service d'hépato-gastroentérologie du CHU-Gabriel Touré de Bamako
Authors: B Coulibaly
Published: July 2021

Introduction : La santé bucco-dentaire est caractérisée par l'absence de douleur buccale ou faciale, de cancer de la bouche ou du pharynx, d'infection ou de lésion buccale, de maladie parodontale, de déchaussement et de perte de dents et d'autres maladies et troubles qui limitent la capacité de mordre, mâcher, sourire et parler d'une personne, et donc son bien-être psychosocial. L'édentement étant un manque partiel ou total de dents, il réduit à lui seul la capacité de mordre, de mâcher, de sourire, de parler et de bien-être psychosocial. L'objectif général de cette étude était d'identifier les besoins de réhabilitation prothétique dentaire chez les patients hospitalisés âgés de 15 ans et plus dans le service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie du CHU Gabriel Touré de Bamako. Matériel et Méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale descriptive qui s'est déroulée sur une période de 3 mois du 18 août au 18 novembre 2016 dans le service d'hospitalisation de l'unité d'hépato-gastro-entérologie du CHU Gabriel Touré de Bamako. Ont été inclus, tous les patients hospitalisés au service d'hépato-gastro- entérologie du CHU-Gabriel Touré, âgés de 15 ans ou plus ayant répondu aux questionnaires. Nous avons colligé 100 patients. Résultats : Dans notre étude, nous avons une prédominance masculine avec 58%. La tranche d'âge des 45 à 54 ans représentait 25% de la population active avec une moyenne de 44 ans. La présence de tartre est observée chez 70% de nos patients; la candidose était plus représentée avec 57% des cas. Sur le plan hépato- gastro-entérologique, les maladies hépatiques étaient les plus représentés avec 37%. L'étude a rapporté 64% des cas d'édentement avec au moins une dent manquante. La région molaire était la plus représentée dans 82,81% des cas. Conclusion : Les édentements constituent un problème de santé publique en raison de leur prévalence et de leur handicap. La réhabilitation prothétique dentaire rétablit l'équilibre biologique, fonctionnel, esthétique et psychologique.Mots clés : bilan, besoins, prothèse dentaire, hépato-gastro-entérologie, CHU-Gabriel Touré, Bamako