bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Diagnosis of 18p Deletion and 8p Trisomy Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Papamichail Maria , Eleftheriades Anna , Manolakos Emmanouil , Papamichail Adamantia , Christopoulos Panagiotis , Manegold-Brauer Gwendolin , Eleftheriades Makarios
Published: November 2023

18p deletion syndrome constitutes one of the most frequent autosomal terminal deletion syndromes, affecting one in 50,000 live births. The syndrome has un-specific clinical features which vary significantly between patients and may overlap with other genetic conditions. Its prenatal description is extremely rare as the fetal phenotype is often not present during pregnancy. Trisomy 8p Syndrome is characterized by heterogenous phenotype, with the most frequent components to be cardiac malformation, developmental and intellectual delay. Its prenatal diagnosis is very rare due to the unspecific sonographic features of the affected fetuses. We present a very rare case of a fetus with multiple anomalies diagnosed during the second trimester whose genomic analysis revealed a 18p Deletion and 8p trisomy Syndrome. This is the first case where this combination of DNA mutations has been described prenatally and the second case in general. The presentation of this case, as well as the detailed review of all described cases, aim to expand the existing knowledge regarding this rare condition facilitating its diagnosis in the future.
Development of a Scale to Measure Nursing Difficulties Experienced by Migrant Nurses : A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wen Yanhua , Nakatani Hisae , Peng Xuxin , Kako Mayumi , Hasunuma Naoko
Published: November 2023

Background: Migrant nurses require support when they work overseas, but what they need support for requires clarification.This study aimed to developed a scale measuring the nursing difficulties experienced by migrant nurses and examined its reliability and validity.
Methods: Using convenience sampling, China-educated nurses who worked as nurses in Japan were recruited. Exploratory factor analysis, criterion validity, and known-groups technique were used to assess the self-created 24-item scale of the nursing difficulties experienced by migrant nurses.
Results: A total of 662 migrant nurses who working in Japan participated, and 303 responses were collected. A three-factor scale with 20 items was identified, consisting of “language competence in medical conversation,” “considerate of patients’ feelings with nursing practice,” and “smooth relationships with colleagues.” The Cronbach’s α for the scale was .96, and αs ranged from .84 to .90 for each factor. The correlation between each factor ranged from .52 to .68, indicating significant positive correlations. Regarding validity, we based our analysis on the known-groups technique and found significant negative correlations with the number of years of nursing experience, which was hypothesized, and difficulty was reduced by accumulating nursing experience in Japan. Criterion validity correlations were noted between the developed scale and the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses (r = -0.29, 95% confidence interval -0.40 ~ -0.18) and the Burnout Assessment Tool (r = 0.36, 95% confidence interval 0.25 ~ 0.46).
Conclusions: The scale was confirmed to be valid and reliable, and it can be used to measure the nursing difficulties experienced by migrant nurses.
Gall phenology, population trend and damage caused by Ophelimus migdanorum and its parasitoid Closterocerus chamaeleon on Eucalyptus globulus at two sites with different rainfall parameters in Bogotá
Authors: Lores-Medina Angelica , Pinzón-Florián Olga
Published: November 2023

The gall wasp Ophelimus migdanorum represents a pest risk for several Eucalyptus species established in Colombia. Biological development and damage could be conditioned by the climate and, in the tropical Andes, by precipitation. We studied gall phenology, population fluctuation, and leaf damage caused by O. migdanorum and its parasitoid Closterocerus chamaeleon over five months at two sites with contrasting rainfall in peri-urban areas of Bogotá, Colombia. Gall phenology and foliar damage were evaluated on ten trees per site for six months. We evaluated gall phenology through characterization of the gall size and color and the wasps´ development stage. We also evaluated gall phenology based on the affected leaf area and the gall´s density on the leaf blade. Likewise, the individuals found in five attractive traps at each site were quantified biweekly to record the population fluctuation. The effect of precipitation on wasp frequency and gall density between sites and sampling dates was compared with the Chi2 test, while the relationship with precipitation was evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. Only females of the gall wasp and its parasitoid were observed during the evaluation, which showed multivoltine behavior. Six developmental stages of the galls were differentiated, each having typical coloration. Drier microclimates favored the gall´s size, stages development frequency, population trend, and foliar damage. A general trend indicates a greater abundance of the parasitoid C. chamaeleon than O. migdanorum. Our study indicates that in places with rainy microclimates, there´s a less damaging effect of O. migdanorum on E. globulus.
How do plateau pikas use burrows during population reestablishment?
Authors: Zhang Rui , Deng Teng , Xu Hualei , Liu Wei
Published: November 2023

The construction of burrow systems is one of the most important challenges for burrowing animals, especially during population reestablishment. To explore their strategy of utilizing burrow resources during this period, we chose plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) as the research object. We conducted monthly field positioning of the four components (available burrows(AvB), abandoned burrows (AbB), latrine pits(LP), and sporting pits (SP)) of their burrow systems. By analyzing the utilization dynamics of the components at different base time, we found the remaining burrows before extermination were largely utilized in rebuilding their new burrow systems, and theutilization rate magnitude relationshipsof the four components were AvBs > AbBs > LPs > SPs. Burrow components during population reestablishment generally have higher maintenance rates, higher transformation rates to AvBs, lower disappeared rates and lower new adding rates than in the natural state. During population reestablishment, burrows at the early breeding season are used more stably than at other times.
Plasma-derived exosomal long noncoding RNAs of pancreatic cancer patients as novel blood-based biomarkers of disease
Authors: He Xiaomeng , Chen Litian , Li Wenyang , Zhang Xin , Bai Zhihui , Wang Zhefeng , Liu Shanshan , Corpe Christopher , Wang Jin
Published: November 2023

Background
Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is one of the most intractable and fatal malignancies and has been associated with the dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, their clinical value in pancreatic cancer is poorly explained but is essential to improve the prognosis of PaCa.
Methods
In this study, we analyzed the plasma-derived exosomal lncRNA profiles in patients with PaCa by whole transcriptome sequencing analysis, and the expression levels of four plasma-derived exosomal lncRNAs (LINC01268, LINC02802, AC124854.2, and AL132657.1) in PaCa plasma were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR). The relationship between the expression of the four lncRNAs and the clinicopathologic features of patients with PaCa was also evaluated.
Results
We demonstrated that exosomal LINC01268, LINC02802, AC124854.2, and AL132657.1 were highly expressed in PaCa plasma compared with normal controls and positively correlated with serum expression of CA19-9. The receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of the four lncRNAs were 0.8044, 0.6587, 0.7023, and 0.6172, respectively, and the AUC value of the combination of the four exosomal lncRNAs was increased to 0.8130, with a sensitivity of 0.72 and specificity of 0.84, which suggested that plasma-derived exosomal LINC01268, LINC02802, AC124854.2, and AL132657.1 may be novel diagnostic markers for PaCa.
Conclusions
Our research revealed the plasma-derived exosomal long noncoding RNAs of PaCa patients were novel blood-based biomarkers of disease
Forest fire mapping: a comparison between GIS-based Random Forest and Bayesian models
Authors: Noroozi Farzaneh , Ghanbarian Gholamabbas , Safaeian Roja , Pourghasemi Hamid Reza
Published: November 2023

In recent decades, fires in natural ecosystems, particularly forests and rangelands, have emerged as a significant threat. To address this challenge, our study aims to identify and prioritize forest fire-prone areas while highlighting key environmental and anthropogenic factors contributing to forest fires in Iran's Firouzabad region, Fars province. We compiled a forest fire incident map using data from the Data Center of the Natural Resources Department in Fars province, cross-referenced with field surveys. We examined 80 forest fire sites, randomly divided into a "training dataset" (70%) and a "validation dataset" (30%). We created “Forest Fire Susceptibility” (FFS) maps using GIS-based Bayesian and Random Forest (RF) methodologies, incorporating twelve unique environmental and human-induced variables. The performance of these methodologies was evaluated using the "Area Under the Curve-AUC." RF outperformed the Bayesian model with AUC scores of 0.876 and 0.807, respectively. The RF model identified 37.86% of the area as having a high fire risk, compared to the Bayesian model's estimate of 48.46%. Key factors influencing fire occurrences included elevation, mean annual precipitation, distance to roads, and mean annual temperature. Conversely, variables such as slope direction, topographic wetness index, and slope percent had a lesser impact. Given the presence of at-risk flora and fauna species in the area, our findings provide essential tools for pinpointing high fire susceptibility zones, aiding regional authorities in implementing preventive measures to mitigate fire hazards in forest ecosystems. In conclusion, our methodologies allow for the rapid creation of contemporary fire susceptibility maps based on fresh data.
Pattern-based forecasting enhances the prediction skill of European heatwaves at the sub-seasonal range
Authors: Rouges Emmanuel , Ferranti Laura , Kantz Holger , Pappenberger Florian
Published: November 2023

The prediction of European heatwaves at the subseasonal range is of key importance to mitigate their impact. This study builds on previous work (Rouges et al., 2023) which identifies five main European heatwave types based on their atmospheric circulation patterns (CPs). These CPs are potential predictors of heatwaves, as these patterns are connected with a high probability of 2-meter temperature exceeding the 90th percentile. Therefore, the aim of this study is to use these patterns to construct a pattern-based forecast method. The skill of this method to forecast extreme warm temperatures is then assessed and compared with the direct grid-point based forecast (using the direct 2-meter temperature forecast of the model). The extended (or subseasonal) range reforecast data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is used for the skill evaluation. Firstly, the skill of the extended range model is assessed in predicting CPs. This methodology is then compared with the direct prediction of extreme warm temperatures. The results show that the pattern-based methodology has a low skill at the short to medium range compared to the direct method, however it maintains skill for longer lead times, extending the forecast skill horizon significantly by up to six days over key heatwave regions. This improvement is localized over regions with the highest conditional probability of extreme warm temperatures. Further on, the prediction skill of persistent high temperatures (four days) is also assessed using persistent CPs (five days or longer). Similarly, an improvement in forecast skill horizon is observed but the improvement is more modest and even more localized. The extension of the forecast skill horizon seen at the subseasonal range with the pattern-based forecast method constructed in this study could be used to provide early warnings of European heatwaves and therefore support the timely implementation of mitigation plans.
Towards a Generic Agent Based Vector-Host Model
Authors: Chenaoui Cyrine , Marilleau Nicolas , Miled Slimane Ben
Published: November 2023

The aim of our work is to develop a conceptual generic agent-based model to formalize the interaction of vector and host given climate change. The model consists in creating a hypothetical example of a vector-host system. It simulates the vector's life cycle while considering interactions with hosts and the temperature. It is presented following the ODD protocol and based on parameters and processes to conceptualize the vector-host complexity. It could accommodate a broad spectrum of vector species and different biogeographic regions.
Our model can be extended to more ecologically complex systems with multiple species and real-world landscape complexity to test different host and / or vector-targeted control strategies and identify practical approaches to managing vector population and movement patterns.
Preferences for and intention to use an app for premenstrual mental health symptoms using the Health Behaviour Model (HBM)
Authors: Funnell Erin L. , Martin-Key Nayra A. , Benacek Jiri , Spadaro Benedetta , Bahn Sabine
Published: November 2023

Premenstrual symptoms are common, with premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder associated with decreased wellbeing and suicidality. High-quality apps can offer convenient support for premenstrual mental health symptoms. We aimed to understand app preferences and Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs driving app use intention. A online survey was delivered. Structural equation modelling (SEM) explored HBM constructs. Data from 530 participants were analysed. Symptom monitoring (74.72%, n = 396) and psychoeducation (57.92%, n = 307) were sought after, with 52.64% (n = 279) indicating unwillingness to pay. Satorra Bentler-scaled fit statistics indicated a good model fit (χ2(254) = 565.91, p < .001; CFI = .939, RMSEA = .048, SRMR = .058). HBM constructs explained 58.22% of intention to use, driven by cues to action (β = .49, p < .001), perceived barriers (β=-.22, p < .001), perceived severity (β = .16, P = .012), and perceived benefits (β = .10, p = .035). Results indicate that app developers should engage in co-design, secure endorsement from healthcare professionals, highlight therapeutic benefits, and address barriers like digital discomfort, privacy concerns, and quality.
Nomogram that can predict failure of conservative treatment for thoracolumbar burst fracture was established
Authors: sun lele , shi lei , WANG kangkang , CAO Jie , Yin wen , LIANG Chengmin
Published: November 2023

Objective: This research aimed to identify risk factors for the failure of conservative treatment for thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBF) and develop a nomogram to predict it.
Methods: A total of 152 patients with TBF who underwent conservative treatment were evaluated, including successfully-received-conservative-treatment (SRCT) group (120 cases) and converted-to-surgical-treatment (CST) group (32 cases), in our medical center from December 2016, to December 2022. The risk factors for CST were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Then, a nomogram was created and evaluated using the bootstrap method. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical value of the nomogram were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), a calibration curve, a clinical impact curve (CIC), and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: Age, smoking, interpedicular distance, canal compromise, and local kyphotic angles were regarded as independent risk variables for CST (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC was 0.87 (0.79–0.94). The calibration curve and the ideal curve were fitted using the bootstrap method, which was internally repeated 1000 times. The average absolute error was 0.04, and the projected values were in good agreement with the actual values. DCA demonstrated a high risk threshold range (0.10–0.86). CIC showed that the nomogram exhibited clinical applicability, and it may be utilized to predict the high-risk population at various levels.
Conclusions: Age, smoking, interpedicular distance, canal compromise, and local kyphosis angle are independent risk factors for CST. The nomogram established in this study, with high sensitivity and specificity, may effectively predict CST risk.
A Novel 3D Geometry-Based Propagation Model for RIS-Aided Macrocell High-Speed Railway Communication Environments
Authors: Zhou Beiping , Zhao Keqi , Zhao Yongfeng , Abulihaiti Yierfan , Yang Chen , Fu Linghan
Published: November 2023

Reconfigurable intelligence surface (RIS) consists of a large number of low-cost passive reflecting elements has attracted significant attention from communication communities, which is mainly due to its ability to substantially improve the communication performance. In light of this, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) geometry-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) propagation model in this article, which is mainly suitable for describing the high-speed railway communications assisted by RIS in macrocell environments, such as train-to-train scenarios. In such propagation model, the waves emitted from the mobile transmitter experience non line of sight (NLoS) propagation links before reaching the mobile receiver, as well as the RIS propagation links before reaching the receiver. We compute the expressions of the RIS-assisted high-speed railway channel propagation properties, for example, spatial-time (ST) cross-correlation functions (CCFs), between different propagation links. Then, we study the temporal auto-correlation functions (ACFs) of the propagation links in the provided propagation model for distinct movement time instants. Analysis shows that the communication performance can be enhanced by rising the number and the size of RIS reflecting elements, and it is validated by numerical simulation results.
Editorial: Planspiele in der Hochschullehre
Authors: Goldmann Anne , Schwanholz Julia
Published: November 2023

Planspiele erfreuen sich in der akademischen Lehre zunehmender Beliebtheit. Ihr Einsatz an Hochschulen und Universitäten erfolgt bisher unterschiedlich, abhängig von Disziplin und Einsatzort. Wissenschaftliche Reflexionen über den Einsatz von Planspielen gibt es insgesamt nur wenige. Das vorliegende Sonderheft setzt hier an: Es werden unterschiedliche fachwissenschaftliche Diskussionen zusammengeführt und interessante Reflexionen von Anwender:innen über die eigenen Lehr- und Lernzusammenhänge versammelt. Die Bandbreite der bearbeiteten Themen reicht dabei von Überblicksdarstellungen der Literatur über Auseinandersetzungen mit verschiedenen Arten des Kompetenzerwerbs, Curricula und Prüfungsformen bis hin zu spezifischen Planspielen, wie Projektmanagement und der Führungskräfteausbildung. Ebenso werden innovative Formate und die Entwicklung digitaler Planspiele vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Praxisbericht Einsatzszenarien und -erfahrungen bei betriebswirtschaftlichen Planspielen
Authors: Burchert Heiko , Schneider Jürgen
Published: November 2023

In der Hochschule Bielefeld gehören Planspiele zum festen Bestandteil von Studiengängen mit betriebswirtschaftlichen Inhalten. Aktuell kommen nur noch internetbasierte Planspiele im Bereich Betriebswirtschaftslehre zum Einsatz. Die Einsatzbereiche der Planspiele sind vielfältig. Hauptsächlich werden damit Bachelor- und Masterstudiengänge in Pflichtmodulen versorgt, um betriebswirtschaftliche Inhalte aus vorhergehenden Lehrveranstaltungen zu konsolidieren und zu vertiefen. Die gewonnenen Erfahrungen aus verschiedenen Lehrkonzepten werden kritisch reflektiert. Eine Besonderheit bei der Planspieldurchführung an der Hochschule Bielefeld ist die Bewertung der Planspielleistung der Gruppen. Hierzu wurde eigens ein Bewertungskonzept entwickelt, das in der Studierendenschaft große Akzeptanz gefunden hat. Neben der Bewertung der Planspielleistung gehen die Autoren auf weitere Prüfungsformen ein, die eine individuelle Leistungsmessung ermöglichen.
In silico Analysis of Natural Products from Brazilian Biodiversity in COVID-19 Treatment: NuBBE Database against SARS-CoV-2 Papain-Like Protease
Authors: Cheohen Caio Felipe , Esteves Maria Eduarda , Gomes Vinnícius , Allonso Diego , da Silva Manuela
Published: November 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has infected 630 million people and led to 6.59 million deaths worldwide since its outbreak. To control COVID-19 advance, finding new molecules with potential to inhibit viral spread is pivotal. Papain-like protease (PLpro) is one of the most interesting targets of pharmacological inhibition since it is implicated not only in viral replication but also in modulation of host immune response. Natural products are of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry due to their diverse structure and biological activities. The NuBBEDB (Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products Database) is an excellent source of natural products (NPs) from the Brazilian flora. In this study, we performed virtual screening, molecular dynamics, and binding energy analyses of the NuBBEDB library to target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) papain-like protease (PLpro), the virus’s protease essential for replication. Among the top-ranked molecules, the indole alkaloids raputindoles A, C, and D emerged as potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors, showing significant interactions with the pivotal Beta-Loop-2 (BL2) region, including the catalytic Y268 residue. Notably, raputindole D displayed enhanced stabilization of the BL2 region, while raputindole C exhibited superior overall stability. These in silico findings suggest that raputindoles, especially D, might offer therapeutic value against COVID-19, laying the groundwork for further experimental evaluations.
Public Space as Urban Cultural and Tourism Education Facility with Historical Atmosphere
Authors: Tahalea Silviana , Novianti Erlina
Published: November 2023

The Old City area, which is a part of Jakarta City has become the symbol of Batavia's historical greatness. Batavia is also known as the Queen of The East due to its beauty (Brill, 1993). From its long historical record and the abundant number of historical heritages, Old City area revitalization efforts have become a priority in DKI Jakarta Governor’s work programs. Based on Law Number 26 Year 2007 regarding Landscapes, Jakarta should own 30% of green open spaces in its administrative area. However, Jakarta only provides 10% of green open (Hariyawan et al., n.d.). The small amount can also be seen in the Old City area with a small portion of green open space or public area. The Old City area of Jakarta is now filled with illegal dwellings and abandoned buildings which are often used by migrant communities as their residences. This situation creates irregularity and discomfort for the people. Old City area is a cultural heritage area, which is often utilized as a gathering area for artists with routine activities such as photographers, mural artists, and theatrical actors. However, these communities often face difficulties due to limited facilities in the area. Based on the policy analysis of historical cultural heritage preservation of the Old City area in Jakarta, we can conclude that revitalization efforts aim to provide public open spaces by optimizing their functions, and comforts, while also bringing back the historical heritage atmosphere. The goal of this design is to shape interaction space patterns that are in accordance with the local art communities so that they can have their own working spaces. The method utilized in this research was a qualitative descriptive and case study methods, which were implemented in the Old City area. The revitalization of the Old City area in Jakarta has the potential to improve it as urban tourism and art education, which is also integrated with green open space that functions as social space. The involvement of communities in the area is also important in assisting the organizing, driving, and supervising efforts of public areas.
Biological Significance of EphB4 Expression in Cancer
Authors: Ullah Asmat , Razzaq Anam , Zhou Chuanzan , Ullah Najeeb , Shehzadi Somia , Aziz Tariq , Alfaifi Mohammad Y. , Elbehairi Serag Eldin I. , Iqbal Haroon
Published: November 2023

Eph receptors and their Eph receptor-interacting (ephrin) ligands comprise a vital cell
communication system with several functions. In cancer cells, there was evidence of bilateral Eph
receptor signaling with both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting actions. As a member of the
Eph receptor family, EphB4 has been linked to tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis, which
makes it a viable and desirable target for drug development in therapeutic applications. Many investigations
have been conducted over the last decade to elucidate the structure and function of
EphB4 in association with its ligand ephrinB2 for its involvement in tumorigenesis. Although several
EphB4-targeting drugs have been investigated, and some selective inhibitors have been evaluated
in clinical trials. This article addresses the structure and function of the EphB4 receptor, analyses
its possibility as an anticancer therapeutic target, and summarises knowledge of EphB4 kinase
inhibitors. To summarise, EphB4 is a difficult but potential treatment option for cancers.
Supersaturation Behavior: Investigation of Polymers Impact on Nucleation
Kinetic Profile for Rationalizing the Polymeric Precipitation Inhibitors
Authors: Handa Uditi , Malik Anuj , Guarve Kumar , Rani Nidhi , Sharma Prerna
Published: November 2023

Background:

Although nucleation kinetic data is quite important for the concept of supersaturation
behavior, its part in rationalizing the crystallization inhibitor has not been well understood.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the nucleation kinetic profile of Dextromethorphan HBr
(as an ideal drug, BCS-II) by measuring liquid-liquid phase segregation, nucleation induction time,
and Metastable Zone width.

Methods:

Surfeit action was examined by a superfluity assay of the drug. The concentration was
scrutinized by light scattering techniques (UV spectrum (novel method) and Fluorometer (CL 53)).

Results:

The drug induction time was 20 min without polymer and 90 and 110 min with polymers,
such as HPMC K15M and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability
to inhibit nucleation was Xanthan Gum > HPMC K15M in the medium (7.4 pH). Similarly, the drug
induction time was 30 min without polymer and 20, 110, and 90 min with polymers, such as Sodium
CMC, HPMC K15M, and Xanthan Gum, respectively. Therefore, the order of the polymer's ability
to inhibit nucleation was HPMC K15M > Xanthan Gum > Sodium CMC in SIFsp (6.8 pH), which
synchronizes the polymer’s potentiality to interdict the drug precipitation.

Conclusion:

The HPMC K15M and xanthan Gum showed the best crystallization inhibitor effect for
the maintenance of superfluity conditions till the drug absorption time. The xanthan gum is based on
the “glider” concept, and this shows the novelty of this preliminary research. The screening methodology
used for rationalizing the best polymers used in the superfluity formulations development successfully.
Antibiotic Potentiation Through Phytochemical-Based Efflux Pump
Inhibitors to Combat Multidrug Resistance Bacteria
Authors: Cheema Harveer Singh , Maurya Anupam , Kumar Sandeep , Pandey Vineet Kumar , Singh Raman Mohan
Published: November 2023

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance development poses a significant danger to the
efficacy of antibiotics, which were once believed to be the most efficient method for treating infections
caused by bacteria. Antimicrobial resistance typically involves various mechanisms, such as
drug inactivation or modification, drug target modification, drug uptake restriction, and drug efflux,
resulting in decreased antibiotic concentrations within the cell. Antimicrobial resistance has been
associated with efflux Pumps, known for their capacity to expel different antibiotics from the cell
non-specifically. This makes EPs fascinating targets for creating drugs to combat antimicrobial
resistance (AMR). The varied structures of secondary metabolites (phytomolecules) found in plants
have positioned them as a promising reservoir of efflux pump inhibitors. These inhibitors act as
modifiers of bacterial resistance and facilitate the reintroduction of antibiotics that have lost clinical
effectiveness. Additionally, they may play a role in preventing the emergence of multidrug resistant
strains.

Objective:

The objective of this review article is to discuss the latest studies on plant-based efflux
pump inhibitors such as terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, and tetralones. It highlighted
their potential in enhancing the effectiveness of antibiotics and combating the development of multidrug
resistance.

Results:

Efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) derived from botanical sources, including compounds like
lysergol, chanaoclavine, niazrin, 4-hydroxy-α-tetralone, ursolic acid, phytol, etc., as well as their
partially synthesized forms, have shown significant potential as practical therapeutic approaches in
addressing antimicrobial resistance caused by efflux pumps. Further, several phyto-molecules and
their analogs demonstrated superior potential for reversing drug resistance, surpassing established
agents like reserpine, niaziridin, etc.

Conclusion:

This review found that while the phyto-molecules and their derivatives did not possess
notable antimicrobial activity, their combination with established antibiotics significantly reduced
their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Specific molecules, such as chanaoclavine and
niaziridin, exhibited noteworthy potential in reversing the effectiveness of drugs, resulting in a
reduction of the MIC of tetracycline by up to 16 times against the tested strain of bacteria. These
molecules inhibited the efflux pumps responsible for drug resistance and displayed a stronger affinity
for membrane proteins. By employing powerful EPIs, these molecules can selectively target and
obstruct drug efflux pumps. This targeted approach can significantly augment the strength and efficacy
of older antibiotics against various drug resistant bacteria, given that active drug efflux poses a
susceptibility for nearly all antibiotics.
Ranking and Prioritizing Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yusefi Ali Reza , Bordbar Shima , Mehralian Gholamhossein , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri , Khammarnia Mohammad , Kavosi Zahra , Bastani Peivand
Published: November 2023

Background:

Gastric cancer is one of the gastrointestinal tract cancers with the highest mortality rate; hence, accurate knowledge of the main causes of this disease is of paramount importance to plan, monitor, and evaluate national and regional programs to control this cancer. The present study was to rank and prioritize gastric cancer risk factors.

Methods:

In this study, gastric cancer risk factors were first extracted in a systematic review, and they were then ranked and prioritized using a focused group discussion. MICMAC software was used to rank the factors.

Results:

According to the findings, the following 13 factors had the highest effect on the incidence of gastric cancer: socioeconomic status, age, consumption of pickles and sour vegetables, salt consumption, meat consumption (red, smoked, and processed and salty), consumption of fried foods, consumption of fats and oils, consumption of fish (Salty, smoked, and processed), consumption of bread and leftovers and moldy foods, irregular eating habits, excessive daily calorie intake, smoking (cigarettes, opium, and hookah), and alcohol consumption.

Conclusion:

Prioritizing risk factors would help policymakers identify and present executive strategies and detect action priorities to manage gastric cancer risk factors. According to the findings of the present study, national planning to support vulnerable socio-economic groups, the development of screening programs, and the early detection of diseases in the early stages at an early age, and diet adjustment to increase the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables and reduce salt, high-fat and fried foods, salted foods, and processed meats are recommended.
Linear and Nonlinear Associations between Meteorological Variables and the Incidence of Malaria in Zahedan District Southwest of Iran 2000-2019
Authors: Nili Sairan , Khanjani Narges , Ghaderi Ebrahim , Mohammadkhani Minoo
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Iran is one of the malaria-prone countries. Malaria transmission is likely to be affected by many factors, including meteorological variables. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of climate variables on malaria incidence.

Methods:

A secondary analysis was conducted to examine the relation between malaria and meteorological variables in Zahedan district from 2000 to 2019. We built univariate and multivariate Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models and Generalized Additive Models (GAM)/ Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) using R software. AIC, BIC and residual tests were used to test the goodness of fit of SARIMA models, and R2 was used to select the best model in GAM/GAMM.

Results:

The SARIMA multivariate (1,0,1) (0,1,1)12 model, including the mean temperature and minimum humidity variables without lag, was the best fit. In nonlinear analysis, the number of malaria cases positively correlated with the month from January and peaked in May (edf=6.29). There was a generally negative correlation between malaria and time in years (edf=8.41). The mean temperature, between 20 to 30°C had the highest and slightly positive relation with the incidence of malaria (edf=7.55). Rainfall showed a negative association with small fluctuations between 20 and 45 mm and a positive association over 50 mm (edf=7.52). Mean relative humidity from above 50% had a negative relation with the number of cases (edf=6.93). The hours of sunshine in a month, until 235 hours, had a negative correlation and above 340 hours had a positive correlation with the incidence of malaria (edf=7.4).

Conclusion:

Meteorological variables can affect malaria occurrence.
Heat Shock Proteins’ Expression Profiles in Odontogenic Ameloblastomas and Cysts
Authors: MATHIOU VASILIKI , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , MAIPAS SOTIRIOS , THYMARA IRENE , MASTRONIKOLI SOFANIKI , PESCHOS DIMITRIOS , TSAMIS KONSTANTINOS I. , LAZARIS ANDREAS C. , KAVANTZAS NIKOLAOS , STATHOPOULOS PANAGIOTIS
Published: November 2023

Tumors and cysts with odontogenic origin represent a family of lesions with specific histo-genetic and clinical characteristics. Among them, ameloblastomas are common benign neoplasms, predominantly detected in the anatomic areas of the jaws and also in the mandible and maxilla. Although they are characterized by a slow and stable growing pattern, a subset of them shows a tendency for local tissue invasiveness and partially increased recurrence rates after surgical excision. Furthermore, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are potentially implicated in ameloblastoma onset and progression. HSPs regulate the folding and refolding of proteins and are induced in response to oxidative stress. They are crucial members of the chaperone intracellular system and are categorized based on their molecular weight (i.e., HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90). In the current review, we describe HSPs origin and function, focusing on their deregulation mechanisms and impact predominantly on ameloblastomas and also on inflammatory and developmental odontogenic cystic lesions.
An Empirical Study on the Satisfaction Survey of Virtual Reality Game Users' Flow Experience (Preprint)
Authors: Li PengFei , QI Fa , Jiang Tan
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

With the explosion of the metaverse concept, major technology companies worldwide have introduced new products in the field of virtual reality (VR) hardware. However, as a burgeoning force in the industry, relatively few high-quality VR games are available compared to traditional games. Furthermore, the laws, rules, standards, and trends in VR game design have not yet been fully explored.

OBJECTIVE

Before conducting a formal large-scale investigation, this study conducted a pre-test sample analysis to refine the initial scale and determine the final scale items. The pre-test survey was administered to employees of the Guangzhou Nuodengren Game Studio, specifically to the VR game R&D team. Questionnaires were distributed online through various channels, including WeChat and specialized websites.

METHODS

This study employed a hybrid research approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, and utilized a literature review, case analysis, and comparative analysis to conduct. A questionnaire was distributed to respondents, including but not limited to individuals who have used VR devices to experience a variety of VR game genres, such as sports, music, first-person shooter (FPS), adventure, narrative, and simulation.

RESULTS

Research on flow antecedents was conducted across three dimensions: audio-visual experience, human-computer interaction, and gameplay planning. Regarding the results related to the flow experience, two dimensions were selected: realistic experience and value feedback. Based on these five dimensions, we divided the games into 20 perspectives and used SPSS statistical analysis software to process the relevant statistical data.

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that the establishment of both flow antecedents and consequences positively influences the VR game users' experience. This influence significantly enhances user satisfaction with the VR gaming experience and contributes to the enrichment of methodologies for enhancing flow experiences in VR game designs.
The Quest for Identity: A Feminist Analysis of Shashi Deshpande’s Novel That Long Silence
Authors: Khanam Sajyia
Published: November 2023

Shashi Deshpande's novel That Long Silence, published in 1988, emerges as a pivotal work within the landscape of Indian literature, particularly in the context of women's writing. Through the lens of its compelling narrative and the intricately developed character of Jaya, the novel delves into the complexities of the female experience in contemporary India. This paper seeks to explore the thematic elements of the 'identity quest' and the profound significance of 'silence' within the narrative. By tracing Jaya's journey in her pursuit of self-discovery and agency amidst societal expectations, this analysis uncovers Deshpande's multi-faceted approach to feminism. The concept of 'silence' emerges as a potent motif, reflecting the intricate dynamics of gender roles and repression. Ultimately, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of Shashi Deshpande's literary contributions and her significant role in shaping feminist discourse within Indian literature.
A Study on the Composition of Presentation of Foreigner Students: Focusing on beginners' level
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Min Su
Published: November 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to reveal the structure of the presentation of Level 1 Korean learners among foreigner students and the aspects of the connection adverbs used in the presentation. Through this, it is possible to analyze the structure of the presentation and the use of connection adverbs to analyze the difference between Western and Eastern learners among Level 1 Korean learners and use them in educational measures.
Methods The purposes of this study a presentation was written for Level 1 learners taking a regular Korean course at the K University Language Education Center in Seoul. Basic questions were provided together to prepare learn-ers for the presentation, and the amount of the presentation was analyzed together by filling it out on the squared manuscript paper. In addition, the contents of the presentation were analyzed, focusing on the contents of the ba-sic questions. The presentation was analyzed to understand the structure of the presentation, and the use of con-nection adverbs used in the presentation was examined.
Results As a result, The presentation of Western learners consisted of introduction, main body, and conclusion, but in many cases, the introduction and conclusion were omitted from the presentation of Eastern learners. In ad-dition, it can be seen that there is a difference in the amount of the presentation by Western learners and the pre-sentation by Eastern learners. Looking at the connection adverbs used in the presentation, seven learners used connection adverbs in all Western learners' presentations, but have never used them in Eastern learners' presentations.
Conclusions Through this, In the Level 1 learner's presentation writing education, it can be seen that education on the introduction, main body, finishing structure, and essential content of the presentation is necessary. In addi-tion, there are connection adverbs that are frequently used and used a small number of times in the use of con-nection adverbs, so it can be seen that it is necessary to practice connecting contents using various connection adverbs.
Investigating aspects of Korean contemporary Poetry in Korean language education textbooks: Focusing on cultural elements
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Soo Yeon
Published: November 2023

Objectives This study aims to analyze modern poetry from a cultural perspective rather than a literary aspect in Korean language education, and to present a way to use modern poetry more effectively in Korean language edu-cation by analyzing cultural elements.
Methods For this study, 55 modern poems, excluding overlapping psalms, were analyzed from 75 contemporary poems contained in 141 Korean textbooks at 12 universities in Seoul, which have the highest distribution of aca-demic learners. In order to analyze modern poetry contained in Korean textbooks, poetry was classified as a cul-tural element using the cultural category of the third stage of the “Standard Curriculum” prepared at the national level.
Results Using the cultural category of the “Checking and Complementing the Use of the International Standard Korean Curriculum,” 55 modern poems were classified into cultural elements such as “Living Culture,” “Language Culture,” “History Culture,” “Art Culture,” “Traditional Culture,” “Instrumental Culture,” and “Information Culture.” The frequency of cultural items classified as cultural elements was 55 times for “language culture,” 37 times for “geographic culture,” 36 times for “spiritual culture,” 18 times for “living culture,” and 17 times for “receiving culture.”
Conclusions As a result of analyzing 55 modern poems contained in 141 Korean textbooks as cultural elements of the “standard curriculum,” they were concentrated on “language culture,” followed by “geographical culture” and “mental culture.” Psalms that can be classified into various cultural elements including low frequency ‘institutional culture’, ‘traditional culture’, ‘historical culture’, and ‘art culture’ should be added.
Reflections on Clinical Clerkship Education for Preparing for the Post-COVID Era: Focusing on the Experience of E-Medical School in Seoul
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jeong So-Mi , Ko Ara , Pyun Wook Bum , Tae Chung Hyun
Published: November 2023

Objectives This study aimed to examine clinical clerkship education in the COVID-19 era and gather fundamental information for setting the direction of clinical clerkship education in the post-COVID era.
Methods This study focused on the minutes of the ‘Clinical clerkship Advancement Conference’ held in December 2022 and the ‘2023 Clinical clerkship Improvement Plans’ submitted by each clinical clerkship department at E-Medical School in Seoul. The study employed the Focused Group Interview analysis method.
Results First, when examining the factors that influenced clinical clerkship education during the COVID-19 peri-od, a total of 8 categories and 17 subcategories were identified in two domains: positive factors of clinical clerkship education and negative factors of clinical clerkship education. Second, when examining the improvement plans for clinical clerkship education in preparation for the post-COVID era, a total of 6 categories and 23 subcategories were derived from three domains: efforts for pre-implementation education improvement, efforts for operational improvement of clinical clerkship education, and long-term improvement. Third, when exploring the requirements for clinical clerkship in the post-COVID era, a total of 6 categories and 11 subcategories were identified in two do-mains: recommendations for clinical clerkship education in the post-COVID era and necessary support for clinical clerkship education in the post-COVID era.
Conclusions This study examined the clinical clerkship education conducted during the COVID-19 period and de-rived implications for improving clinical clerkship in the post-COVID era. The findings of this study will serve as foundational data for future improvements in clinical clerkship education and ultimately contribute to enhancing the quality of clinical clerkship education.
COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus at RSU South Tangerang-Indonesia: Clinical Profile and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Hasanah Nur , Ismaya Nurwulan Adi , Tulandi Silvester Maximus , Permatasari Putri Indah , Wafa Wafa , Hakim Amelia Nurul
Published: November 2023

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the risk factors for COVID-19. This causes the morbidity and severity of COVID-19 patients to be higher in patients with diabetes. Objectivity: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of treatment therapy for COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes at the South Tangerang City General Hospital. Material and methods: This study used a descriptive design with a quantitative approach and retrospective data collection. Sampling was done by Total Sampling with a total sample of 127 patients from 234 patients. Result: The characteristics of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes were dominated by the male gender (55.1%), with an age range of 46-55 years (38.6%), high school education (43.3%), and have a private employee type of work (55.1%). The symptoms of COVID-19 patients with comorbid diabetes were cough (89.8%), with a length of stay for patients 7–14 days (72.4%).Treatment for COVID-19 with comorbid diabetes was antibiotics azithromycin (26.0%), antiviral remdesivir (62.2%), methylprednisolone (73.2%), acetylcysteine (85.0%), vitamin C (89.8%), and the antidiabetic group that is often used is insulin novorapid (41.7%). Conclusion: The results of laboratory examinations showed that COVID-19 treatment therapy is effective in reducing the amount of virus in the blood, which is indicated by an increase in the PCR value (p-value <0.001), lowering blood sugar levels (which is characterized by a decrease in blood sugar levels when (p-value <0.001) ), and reduce hypercoagulation which is characterized by a reduction in the value of D-dimer (p-value < 0.005).