bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Crop Acreage Estimation within a Semiarid Watershed via Statistical Assessments and Techniques
Authors: Butler Erick , Howell Nathan , Guerrero Bridget , Mulamba Oliver
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

We assessed methods to effectively reduce error in crop acreage estimates.

The study compared statistical methods against National Agricultural Statistics Service data at the state and county level.

We determined that improvements in crop estimates are largely affected by the input datasets.

The error in crop acreage estimates is dependent on the crop, scope of analysis, and growing season.

It is necessary to examine if the statistical methods designed to improve Cropland Data Layer (CDL) acreage estimates at a national level improve estimates at the county level. This study determined whether the calibration of CDL by statistical techniques increased the accuracy of crop estimates on a semiarid West Texas watershed. Since there is a substantial amount of agriculture and farming in areas like West Texas, accurate crop estimates of datasets at smaller scales become important. We compared three methods: the pixel counting method of the CDL, linear regression of the CDL against the MODIS Land Cover Type Product (MLCT), and the Bayesian method (posterior probability) on the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) against the USDA National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) Quick Stats. Four crops [corn (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)] were analyzed at state and county levels during two growing seasons (2009 and 2011). Prediction errors were estimated by comparing computed acreage with the appropriate NASS Quick Stats values. The total error for each assessment method was estimated for all acreage values in that particular assessment category. We found that the Bayesian method improved the estimates of sorghum and winter wheat and linear regression improved acreage estimates for cotton and corn in 2011 and 2009, respectively. Our results indicate that county‐level adjustments are very sensitive. Therefore, one must carefully select the method that best fits the type of crop, geographical location, and growing season being considered.
Assessment of Soil to Mitigate Antibiotics in the Environment Due to Release of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent
Authors: Franklin Alison M. , Williams Clinton F. , Watson John E.
Published: September 2018

With low levels of human antibiotics in the environment due to release of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, concern is rising about impacts on human health and antibiotic resistance development. Furthermore, WWTP effluent may be released into waterways used as drinking water sources. The aim of this study was to analyze three antibiotics important to human health (sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, and trimethoprim) in soil and groundwater at a long‐term wastewater reuse system that spray irrigates effluent. Soil samples were collected (i) at a site that had not received irrigation for 7 mo (approximate background concentrations), and then at the same site after (ii) one irrigation event and (iii) 10 wk of irrigation. Water samples were collected three times per year to capture seasonal variability. Sulfamethoxazole was typically at the highest concentrations in effluent (22 ± 3.7 μg L−1) with ofloxacin and trimethoprim at 2.2 ± 0.6 and 1.0 ± 0.02 μg L−1, respectively. In the soil, ofloxacin had the highest background concentrations (650 ± 204 ng kg−1), whereas concentrations of sulfamethoxazole were highest after continuous effluent irrigation (730 ± 360 ng kg−1). Trimethoprim was only quantified in soil after 10 wk of effluent irrigation (190 ± 71 ng kg−1). Groundwater concentrations were typically <25 ng L−1 with high concentrations of 660 ± 20 and 67 ± 7.0 ng L−1 for sulfamethoxazole and ofloxacin, respectively. Given that antibiotics interacted with the soil profile and groundwater concentrations were frequently about 1000‐fold lower than effluent, soil may be an adequate tertiary treatment for WWTP effluent leading to improved water quality and protection of human health.

Core Ideas

Antibiotics in the environment may pose ecological and health risks.

Soil may be a natural filter due to its physical and chemical nature.

Soil may help to prevent antibiotics from contaminating groundwater.

Soil could provide a tertiary treatment for wastewater effluent.
The Accuracy of Genomic Prediction between Environments and Populations for Soft Wheat Traits
Authors: Huang Mao , Ward Brian , Griffey Carl , Van Sanford David , McKendry Anne , Brown-Guedira Gina , Tyagi Priyanka , Sneller Clay
Published: September 2018

Genomic selection (GS) uses training population (TP) data to estimate the value of lines in a selection population. In breeding, the TP and selection population are often grown in different environments, which can cause low prediction accuracy when the correlation of genetic effects between the environments is low. Subsets of TP data may be more predictive than using all TP data. Our objectives were (i) to evaluate the effect of using subsets of TP data on GS accuracy between environments, and (ii) to assess the accuracy of models incorporating marker × environment interaction (MEI). Two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations were phenotyped for 11 traits in independent environments and genotyped with single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers. Within each population–trait combination, environments were clustered. Data from one cluster were used as the TP to predict the value of the same lines in the other cluster(s) of environments. Models were built using all TP data or subsets of markers selected for their effect and stability. The GS accuracy using all TP data was >0.25 for 9 of 11 traits. The between‐environment accuracy was generally greatest using a subset of stable and significant markers; accuracy increased up to 48% relative to using all TP data. We also assessed accuracy using each population as the TP and the other as the selection population. Using subsets of TP data or the MEI models did not improve accuracy between populations. Using optimized subsets of markers within a population can improve GS accuracy by reducing noise in the prediction data set.
Gene Pool Subdivision of East African Sweetpotato Parental Material
Authors: David Maria C. , Diaz Federico C. , Mwanga Robert O. M. , Tumwegamire Silver , Mansilla Roberto C. , Grüneberg Wolfgang J.
Published: September 2018

Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] breeding is important for food security and health in East Africa (EA), and a breeding platform in Uganda provides national researchers and breeders in EA with true seed. Our objectives were to characterize genetic relationships among parental material used at the EA breeding platform. There were 135 parents and six check clones analyzed using 31 simple sequence repeat primers. An average of 7.13 alleles per primer was found, and Jaccard similarity coefficients were in the range of 0.298 to 1.00 with a mean of 0.542. Unweighted pair group cluster analysis placed most African parents in two main subclusters showing no association with morphology or geographical origin. The subclusters were also supported by principal coordinate analysis, derivative analysis of principal components, and population structure simulations. The analyzed breeding material from EA was highly genetically variable, grouped in two distinct genetic pools, and suitable to study heterosis exploiting breeding schemes.
Contribution of Additive and Dominance Effects on Agronomical and Nutritional Traits, and Multivariate Selection on Urochloa spp. Hybrids
Authors: Matias Filipe Inácio , Barrios Sanzio Carvalho Lima , Bearari Lucas Martins , Meireles Karem Guimarães Xavier , Mateus Rogério Gonçalves , Amaral Pedro Nelson Cesar do , Alves Geovani Ferreira , Valle Cacilda Borges do , Fritsche-Neto Roberto
Published: September 2018

A tropical forage breeding program contains several peculiarities, especially when it involves polyploid species and facultative apomixis. Urochloa spp. are excellent perennial forages, and the identification of superior genotypes depends on the selection of many characteristics under complex genetic control, with high cost and time‐consuming evaluation. Therefore, the use of tools such as multivariate analysis and diallel analyses could contribute to improving the efficiency of breeding programs. Thus, the objectives were to estimate (i) the contribution of additive and nonadditive effects on agronomical and nutritional traits in a population of interspecific hybrids of Urochloa spp., originated from a partial diallel between five apomictic and four sexual parents, and (ii) the accuracy of multivariate index selection efficiency. Genetic variability was detected between the parents, crosses, and hybrids for all the traits. There was no clear trend of the importance of the additive and nonadditive genetic effects on agronomical and nutritional traits. Furthermore, the predominant component of genetic variance changed depending on the characteristic. Moreover, there was no parent or cross that was outstanding for all traits simultaneously, showing the high variability generated from these crosses. The Mulamba and Mock index associated with principal components analysis allowed a more significant gain only for agronomic characteristics. However, the per se index, at the univariate level, promoted a more balanced response to selection for all traits.
Function Analysis of Human Protein Interactions Based on a Novel Minimal Loop Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Mingyang , Pei Zhili , Fan Xiaojing , Jiang Jingqing , Wang Qinghu , Zhang Zhifeng
Published: September 2018

Background:

Various properties of Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network have been
widely exploited to discover the topological organizing principle and the crucial function motifs
involving specific biological pathway or disease process. The current motifs of PPI network are
either detected by the topology-based coarse grain algorithms, i.e. community discovering, or
depended on the limited-accessible protein annotation data derived precise algorithms. However,
the identified network motifs are hardly compatible with the well-defined biological functions
according to those two types of methods.

Method:

In this paper, we proposed a minimal protein loop finding method to explore the
elementary structural motifs of human PPI network. Initially, an improved article exchange model
was designed to search all the independent shortest protein loops of PPI network. Furthermore,
Gene Ontology (GO) based function clustering analysis was implemented to identify the biological
functions of the shortest protein loops. Additionally, the disease process associated shortest protein
loops were considered as the potential drug targets.

Result: Our proposed method presents the lowest computational complexity and the highest
functional consistency, compared to the three other methods. The functional enrichment and
clustering analysis for the identified minimal protein loops revealed the high correlation between
the protein loops and the corresponding biological functions, particularly, statistical analysis
presenting the protein loops with the length less than 4 is closely connected with some disease
process, suggesting the potential drug target.

Conclusion:

Our minimal protein loop method provides a novel manner to precisely define the
functional motif of PPI network, which extends the current knowledge about the cooperating
mechanisms and topological properties of protein modules composed of the short loops.
Bench‐Scale Evaluation of Hydrothermal Processing Technology for Conversion of Wastewater Solids to Fuels
Authors: Marrone P. A. , Elliott D. C. , Billing J. M. , Hallen R. T. , Hart T. R. , Kadota P. , Moeller J. C. , Randel M. A. , Schmidt A. J.
Published: September 2018

Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) and Catalytic Hydrothermal Gasification (CHG) proof‐of‐concept bench‐scale tests were performed to assess the potential of hydrothermal treatment for handling municipal wastewater sludge. HTL tests were conducted at 300 to 350 °C and 20 MPa on three different feeds: primary sludge, secondary sludge, and digested solids. Corresponding CHG tests were conducted at 350 °C and 20 MPa on the HTL aqueous phase output using a ruthenium‐based catalyst. Biocrude yields ranged from 25 to 37%. Biocrude composition and quality were comparable to biocrudes generated from algae feeds. Subsequent hydrotreating of biocrude resulted in a product with comparable physical and chemical properties to crude oil. CHG product gas methane yields on a carbon basis ranged from 47 to 64%. Siloxane concentrations in the CHG product gas were below engine limits. The HTL‐CHG process resulted in a chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of > 99.9% and a reduction in residual solids for disposal of 94 to 99%.
An Isovist Study for Wayfinding in Historic Quarter
Authors: Chen Chih-Hung , Lin Ting-Ju , Chen Chih-Yu
Published: September 2018

Based on the assumption that human behaviours are mainly affected by physical and animate environments, this empirical research takes the changeful and complex historical district in Tainan to observe wayfinding behaviours. An a priori analysis of the isovist fields is conducted to identify spatial characteristics. Three measures, the relative area, convexity, and circularity, are applied to scrutinize the possible stopping points, change of speed, and route choices. Accordingly, an experiment is carried out to observe spatial behaviours and different influences of social stimuli. Results show that social interactions afford groups and pairs to perform better than individual observers in wayfinding.Keywords: wayfinding; isovist; spatial perception and social stimuli; historic quarter.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.139
Assessment of Adaptable Urban Environment for Public Art Integration via Observation Study
Authors: Jasmi Muhammad Falihin , Nik Mohamad Nik Hanita
Published: September 2018

In Malaysia, there is an unprecedented interest in public art, especially in the major cities. Notwithstanding the increasing interest, however, the rationale and placement of it is extensively debatable. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the adaptable urban environment for public art integration towards enhancing the image of Johor Bahru City Centre, through an observation study. It identifies the urban morphology that substantiates development of suitability plan for public art placement, whilst refining legibility, connectivity, and urban fabric. The outcome of this paper is hoped to support related professionals in defining guidelines and strategies for public art, towards liveable city.Keywords: Public Art; Urban Environment; Adaptable Environment; Urban Morphology.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.141
Impact of Dining Café Atmospherics on Youth Behavioural Intention
Authors: Abdul Jalil Nur Aina , Fikry Amily , Zainuddin Anizah
Published: September 2018

This study aims to investigate the impact of café atmospherics on Malaysian youth behavioural intention. The findings from the study indicate: (1) The youth preferences of store atmosphere in cafes include five factors, specifically, lighting, facility aesthetic, employee factor, ambient intelligent and music; (2) Cafe atmospheric (lighting, facility aesthetic, employee factor, ambient intelligent and music) factors have significant positive correlation with youth approach behaviours. As a conclusion, this study is important to the foodservice operators to understand the youth intention to revisit a café. The paper concludes with the implications for academic researchers and marketing practitioners.Keywords: Atmospheric; Youth; Behavioural Intention; Malaysia.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.145
The Effects of Colour in Work Environment: A systematic review
Authors: Savavibool Nattha , Gatersleben Birgitta , Moorapun Chumporn
Published: September 2018

In the work environment, colour is considered an important design element used to improve aesthetic qualities of the environment and for a company’s branding. This paper reviews existing research on the effects of workplace colour on worker’s mood, wellbeing and other work-related outcomes. In total 40 papers fitted the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The results show a significant influence of colour on affect (e.g. mood, emotion), wellbeing (e.g. stress, comfort, wellbeing), and performance (e.g. productivity, performance, creativity). The review concludes with suggestions for further research.Keywords: Colour perception; Colour psychology; Effect of colour; Work environment.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.152
Hubungan Length of Stay dan Karakteristik Pasien (Jenis Kelamin dan Umur) Terhadap Biaya Pasien JKN Acute Infarction Myocardial di Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta 2016
Authors: Kriswanti Lia Suci , Sugeng Sugeng
Published: September 2018

Latar Belakang: Undang-Undang nomor 29 tahun 2004 tentang praktik kedokteran pasal 49 ayat 1 bahwa setiap dokter atau dokter gigi dalam melaksanakan praktik kedokteran atau kedokteran gigi wajib menyelenggarakan kendali mutu dan kendali biaya. Hal ini mendorong peneliti untuk melihat hubungan antara length of stay dan karakteristik pasien (umur dan jenis kelamin) terhadap biaya perawatan sebagai kendali mutu dan biaya.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara length of stay dan karakteristik pasien (jenis kelamin dan umur) terhadap biaya perawatan pasien JKN acute infarction myocardial di Rumah Sakit Bethesda 2016.Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian descriptive dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Rancangan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan data studi dokumentasi. Sampel berjumlah 38 berkas. Teknik sampling purposive sample.Hasil: Dari sampel sebanyak 38 berkas, terdapat jenis kelamin laki-laki 35 orang (92%), perempuan 3 orang (8%). Umur kurang dari sama dengan 65 tahun 24 orang (63%), umur lebih dari 65 tahun 14 orang (37%). Length of stay kurang dari sama dengan 7 hari 28 orang (74%), length of stay lebih dari 7 hari 10 orang (26%). Dari hasil uji statistik Chi-squared Test, diperoleh nilai p-value length of stay sebesar 0,04342 yang menunjukkan bahwa Ho diterima dengan nilai Odd Ratio (OR) sebesar 4,783396Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara Length Of Stay terhadap Biaya Pasien JKN Acute Infarction Myocardial di Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogyakarta 2016. Peluang length of stay yang tepat menyebabkan keakuratan biaya perawatan 4,78 kali lebih besar dibandingkan length of stay yang tidak tepat.
Keamanan dan Kerahasiaan Berkas Rekam Medis di RSUD Dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen
Authors: Prasasti Tazia Intan , Santoso Dian Budi
Published: September 2018

Latar Belakang: Keamanan dan kerahasiaan merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam pengelolaan berkas rekam medis. Keamanan dan kerahasiaan rekam medis di RSUD dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen belum terjaga. Pasien yang akan konsultasi ke poliklinik lain membawa berkas rekam medisnya sendiri. Masih ada petugas selain petugas rekam medis yang keluar masuk ruang filing sehingga informasi dalam berkas rekam medis berpotensi jatuh pada pihak yang tidak berhak.Tujuan: Mengetahui keamanan dan kerahasiaan rekam medis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen.Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu 1 orang kepala instalasi rekam medis dan 3 orang petugas rekam medis. Objek penelitian adalah berkas rekam medis.Hasil: Tinta yang digunakan sudah seragam, jelas dan rata. Kertas yang digunakan adalah HVS dengan ukuran A4 berat 70 gram. Map yang digunakan dari bahan karton. Tersedia alat pemadam kebakaran dan rutin dilakukan pengecekan sekring. Ruang filing tidak tahan gempa dan pemeliharaan kebersihan masih kurang. Masih ada pihak lain yang masuk ruang filing. Pasien membawa sendiri berkas rekam medisnya.Kesimpulan: Keamanan rekam medis ditinjau dari faktor internal menunjukkan semua komponen sudah aman yaitu tinta, kertas, dan map. Ditinjau dari faktor eksternal, semua komponen belum aman yaitu pihak lain yang tidak berkewenangan, bencana, debu, serta serangga dan hama perusak lainnya. Kerahasiaan rekam medis belum terjaga karena pasien masih membawa sendiri berkas rekam medisnya.
Palatability Characterization of Fresh and Dry-Aged Ground Beef Patties
Authors: Gredell Devin A. , McHenry Jordan H. , Woerner Dale R. , Legako Jerrad F. , Engle Terry E. , Brooks J. Chance , Tatum J. Daryl , Belk Keith E.
Published: September 2018

Descriptive trained sensory attributes, fatty acids, and volatile compounds were determined to characterize the effects of dry-aging on ground beef. Beef shoulder clods were ground to include 100% fresh beef, 100% dry-aged beef, and a 50% fresh and 50% dry-aged ground beef blend. Samples comprised of 100% dry-aged beef were rated greatest (P < 0.001) for browned/grilled, earthy/mushroom, and nutty/roasted-nut flavors; however, panelists also detected greater (P ≤ 0.011) incidences of sour/acidic and bitter flavors. The addition of dry-aged beef increased (P < 0.001) hardness and reduced (P < 0.001) tenderness. Dry-aging also caused a shift in saturated fatty acids, where shorter chain saturated fatty acids (≤ 16:0) were reduced (P ≤ 0.034) compared to stearic acid (18:0). Meanwhile, increases of trans-octadecenoic acid (18:1 trans) and decreases of cis monounsaturated fatty acids were present in dry-aged beef. Concentrations of 18:2 conjugated linoleic isomers were greatest (P < 0.001) in fresh beef and decreased with the incorporation of dry-aged beef. Several lipid-derived volatile compounds were greater (P < 0.05) in dry-aged beef compared with fresh beef, implying a greater degree of lipid degradation among dry-aged beef. Increases (P ≤ 0.031) were determined for 3- and 2-methyl butanal with the addition of dry-aged beef. Intermediates of the Maillard reaction, 2,3-butanedione and acetoin, were determined to be greatest (P ≤ 0.046) from dry-aged beef. Alterations of fatty acids and volatile compounds with dry-aging were determined to be related with intensity of individual flavor attributes. Overall, it may be concluded that inclusion of dry-aged beef impacts flavor profile through altered fatty acid profiles and flavor related compounds. These results support the idea that dry-aging may be utilized to impart an altered ground beef flavor experience.
Las propiedades de las disoluciones a través de experimentos mentales
Authors: Andrade Gamboa Julio J. , Donati Edgardo D.
Published: September 2018

Los experimentos mentales han desempeñado un importante papel en la evolución de las ideas científicas, existiendo algunos ejemplos famosos, especialmente en la historia de la Física. Estos experimentos consisten en el análisis de situaciones hipotéticas que pueden predecirse utilizando conceptos y conocimientos anteriores, pero que pueden desembocar en aparentes paradojas que finalmente permiten ampliar el marco conceptual previo. Estos experimentos pueden ser usados en la enseñanza de las ciencias y permiten, a través de variados mecanismos que van desde la intuición hasta la analogía, una primera aproximación para la comprensión de determinados temas.
La motivación de los estudiantes y la enseñanza de la Química. Una cuestión controvertida
Authors: Furió Más Carlos J.
Published: September 2018

El tema de la motivación de los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje de cualquier materia científica constituye una seria preocupación para el profesorado. En primer lugar, porque los docentes constatan una falta general de interés de los alumnos hacia las disciplinas científicas como la Física y la Química. Esta percepción ha sido corroborada por los propios estudiantes en diferentes trabajos de investigación. En efecto, los propios estudiantes señalan como principales causantes de su actitud desfavorable, de su desinterés hacia la ciencia y su aprendizaje, a la enseñanza de una ciencia descontextualizada...
Efectividad de la maestría en gestión de centros educativos en la gestión de Comunidades de Práctica Educativa (CPE)
Authors: Galán Bismar , González Aida A. , Pichardo Geynmi
Published: September 2018

El estudio estuvo enfocado en determinar la efectividad de la Maestría en Gestión de Centros Educativos en la gestión de Comunidades de Práctica Educativa (CPE). Se desarrolló bajo un enfoque socio-crítico y cualitativo, apoyado en la aplicación de cuestionarios y el desarrollo de entrevistas y grupos focales para la recogida de información. En el mismo se consideraron de forma intencional 70 directores de centros educativos de Jornada Escolar Extendida de sectores urbanos de la ciudad de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana. El hallazgo principal se evidenció en la brecha cognitiva manifestada por los participantes entre la teoría y la praxis: hay manejo de la información teórica, pero no hay evidencias de su utilización en la práctica. Además, hay condicionantes del contexto que limitan el logro de dichas comunidades en escuelas de jornada extendida: sobrepoblación estudiantil, la falta de espacio físico, personal docente y habilidades administrativas para un manejo eficiente del tiempo.
Creación de una colección de libros decodificables para la práctica lectora inicial en el idioma español
Authors: Sánchez-Vincitore Laura V.
Published: September 2018

Este proyecto diseñó una metodología para la creación de libros decodificables que serían utilizados como herramienta de práctica de la lectura inicial de los estudiantes del proyecto Leer en la República Dominicana. El artículo2 presenta los fundamentos teóricos en los que se basa la creación y el uso de este tipo de material, así como evidencia empírica a través de levantamientos de datos para confirmar que las decisiones técnicas tomadas durante la actividad fueran las más apropiadas. Como resultado, se crearon 18 libros originales categorizados en 6 etapas decodificables, una guía estandarizada sobre la redacción de este tipo de material y plantillas electrónicas mediante el uso del programa de computadora BLOOM para su diagramación y producción en masa. Esta actividad innovadora es un ejemplo de la toma de decisiones educativas basadas en la evidencia, ya que parte de una necesidad previamente identificada, además de que su desarrollo fue sistematizado y evaluado. Tiene un componente multiplicador de importancia, pues fomenta que otros actores, fuera del proyecto y de la República Dominicana, tengan no solo acceso al material, sino también la oportunidad de producir y compartir sus propios libros decodificables con la comunidad educativa.
Editorial
Authors: Escala Miguel J.
Published: September 2018

No precisa de un resumen.
DESIGUALDADE DE OPORTUNIDADES: UMA ANÁLISE DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE PORTO ALEGRE AO LONGO DA DÉCADA DE 2000
Authors: De Lima Bianca Dos Santos , Bagolin Izete Pengo
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o acesso e a distribuição das oportunidades humanas na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre entre 2000 e 2010 através da utilização da metodologia de Barros et al (2009). A desigualdade individual da renda, resultado da interação entre fatores de esforço e circunstância pode ser mensurada por meio do acesso aos serviços básicos. Os resultados mostram redução no índice de oportunidades humanas, evidenciando um pequeno aumento da desigualdade no acesso a tais serviços.
RESERVAS LEGAIS DE PROPRIEDADES RURAIS COM PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE NO VALE DO TAQUARI
Authors: Scheifler Alexandre Batista , Rempel Claudete
Published: September 2018

A Reserva Legal (RL), segundo o Novo Código Florestal Federal (NCFF), é uma área localizada no interior de uma propriedade ou posse rural, necessária ao uso sustentável dos recursos naturais, com a função de reabilitação dos processos ecológicos, conservação da biodiversidade e abrigo e proteção da fauna e flora nativa. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o status quo da RL das propriedades rurais produtoras de leite do Vale do Taquari (VT), e verificar as necessidades de adequação das mesmas frente à legislação ambiental. Foram amostradas 101 propriedades rurais produtoras de leite as quais se buscou verificar o uso e a cobertura da terra em relação aos remanescentes de vegetação nativa, as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) e a RL. Para tanto, foi utilizado o procedimento técnico de pesquisa de campo e documental a partir do qual foi possível concluir que as propriedades rurais produtoras de leite do VT estão atendendo aos parâmetros regimentais do NCFF em termos de RL. A pesquisa revelou a necessidade de aprofundar outros aspectos ou mesmo instrumentos que garantam a coexistência da atividade com a preservação ambiental.
Preparation and recovery of iron carbide from pyrite cinder using carburization-magnetic separation technology
Authors: Chen D. , Gou H. , Lv Y. , Li P. , Yan B. , Xu J.
Published: September 2018

A new technique with carburization followed by magnetic separation is presented for the preparation of high-grade iron carbide from pyrite cinder to promote the high value-added utilization of pyrite cinder. The effects of carburizing temperature, carburizing time and Na2SO4 dosage on carburized pellets were investigated, and the effects of Na2SO4 dosage and grinding fineness on magnetic concentrate were carried out. The optimized process parameters were proposed as follows: carburizing at 650?C for 180 minutes in CO-CO2-H2 gas mixtures, Na2SO4 dosage of 9%, magnetic field intensity of 130 mT, and grinding fineness of 92.25% powder passing 0.025mm. The iron content, total carbon content, total iron and carbon content of magnetic concentrate were 82.62%, 5.60%, and 88.22%, respectively. The recovery rate of iron reached 88.67%. The behaviors and mechanisms of carburization, separation, and Na2SO4, were ascertained with optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Hybrid duo
Authors: Loncar Sonja , Pavlovic Andrija
Published: September 2018

As members of the LP Duo, for the past 14 years we have experimented with
various possibilities of playing on two pianos. Our artistic curiosity and
the desire to gain new knowledge and freedom led to our involvement with the
Quantum Music project and the creation of a new instrument - the hybrid
piano. In this paper we elaborate on our experience with using the new
hybrid pianos within the Quantum Music project, but also discuss our
ensemble as an artistic embodiment of duality, entanglement and other
quantum phenomena. Hybrid piano is a combination of a traditional piano and
digital synthesizer with analogue controls that allows different processing
of acoustic and digital signals in real time and enables the pianists to
continue to use concert pianos whilst equipping them with new colours and
new, hitherto unexlplored expressive possibilities.
The Jankovic sisters and kinetography Laban
Authors: Rakocevic Selena
Published: September 2018

Based on the archival material from the Legacy of Sisters Jankovic, which is
stored in the National Library of Serbia, this article critically examines
Ljubica and Danica Jankovic?s relation to today?s world-renowned dance
notation, kinetography Laban. The analyzed archival material includes the
transcript of the first edition of Laban?s notation called Schrifttanz in
German, as well as several unpublished manuscripts by Ljubica Jankovic. Even
though the Jankovic sisters were familiar with kinetography Laban, they
(especially Ljubica) were its great opponents. Instead of learning and using
kinetography Laban, they developed their own dance notation system in early
1930s and used it until Ljubica?s death in 1974. In this article, the
relationship of the Jankovic sisters? dance notation to Rudolf Laban?s
kinetography is considered in the context of the wider processes of
development of ethnochoreology, traditional dance notations, as well as the
history of kinetography Laban in Europe in the first half and mid-20th
century.
New cold-level utilization scheme for cascade three-level rankine cycle using the cold energy of liquefied natural gas
Authors: Yao Shouguang , Xu Likang , Tang Liang
Published: September 2018

The topic of this study is the intermediate fluid vaporizer gasification system for a liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit. To reduce the loss of heat exchange, the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is optimised based on the cascade three-level Rankine cycle that uses the cold energy of liquefied natural gas to generate power. The optimized primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is then compared with the original cascade three Rankine cycle established under the same conditions. Then, a secondary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is proposed. Results show that under a liquefied natural gas flow of 175 t/h, the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system exhibits a maximum net output power of 4130.72 kW and an exergy efficiency of 23.78%, which is higher than that of the typical cascade three-level Rankine cycle. Moreover, the net output power and exergy efficiency of the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system increased by 3.71% and by 3.84%, respectively. The secondary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system exhibits a maximum net output power of 4143.75 kW and an exergy efficiency of 23.85%.
Comparative study of heat and fluid flow characteristics of parallel and offset strip fin micro-channels using CFD simulations
Authors: Venkiteswaran Vinod , Yee Cheah , Ming Chia
Published: September 2018

The primary aim of this study was to consider novel configurations of water-cooled micro-channel layout and compare them with existing configurations. The authors emphasize on establishing a benchmark based on investigations by earlier researchers and numerically analysing them. As a first attempt, offset strip fins are compared with existing parallel fins in terms of subsequent flow fields and temperature profiles. In offset types designated as A and B, the highest velocities occur at the side channels because of the straight wall allowing smooth flow through the channel. Generally, for offset type, the velocity increases after the sidewalls towards the centre. Type A configuration had an uneven velocity profile because of its staggered channel entrance. The lowest average temperature was observed in parallel heat sinks, followed by type A and type B. Causes are discussed for the observed differences and criteria are suggested for the selection of an appropriate geometry of offset fins. An efficient cooling system will ensure effective working of equipment resulting in low energy consumption and better sustainability. This work opens a platform for research on various other configurations and their use in micro-channel cooling.
Analysis of smoke stratification and smoke layer thickness in underground car parks
Authors: Spiljar Zeljko , Schneider Daniel , Drakulic Miodrag
Published: September 2018

Fire accidents in underground car parks have a significant impact on the building structure and lives of people and firefighters. Different methods are used to obtain a reliable estimation of fire and hot smoke influence on the building structure. Numerical modelling is crucial in the fire design and is a useful tool to determine smoke stratification and clear layers for safe human evacuation and firefighter access. Smoke stratification can be checked separately for any time interval in any section of an underground car park, regardless of the underground car park architecture complexity. This paper describes numerical modelling of smoke stratification and movement in an underground car park. The results show smoke movement and smoke layer thickness during the evacuation time, and how they can help reduce the harmful influence of fire on the underground car park structure.
Double stratfied flow of nanofluid subject to temperature based thermal conductivity and heat source
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Ullah Ikram , Alsaedi Ahmed , Waqas Muhammad
Published: September 2018

Stratified hydromagnetic flow of nanomaterial in the zone of stagnation point is addressed. An exponential base space dependent heat source, temperature dependent thermal conductivity and viscous dissipation are accounted. In addition, first order chemical reaction is present. The obtained non-linear system is computed by employing homotopic procedure. Convergent solutions are obtained. Plots and tabulated values are arranged for interpretation of sundry variables. Clearly temperature and concentration distributions are decayed in presence of stratification. Moreover skin friction and temperature are reduced via wall thickness parameter.
Exergy efficiency analysis of lignite-fired steam generator
Authors: Krasniqi-Alidema Drenusha , Filkoski Risto , Krasniqi Marigona
Published: September 2018

The operation of steam generators and thermal power plants is commonly evaluated on a basis of energy analysis. However, the real useful energy loss cannot be completely justified only by the First law of thermodynamics, since it does not differentiate between the quality and amount of energy. The present work aims to give a contribution towards identification of the sources and magnitude of thermodynamic inefficiencies in utility steam generators. The work deals with a parallel analysis of the energy and exergy balances of a coal-fired steam generator that belongs to a 315 MWe power generation unit. The steam generator is de-signed for operation on low grade coal - lignite with net calorific value 6280 to 9211 kJ/kg, in a cycle at 545?C/177.4 bar, with feed water temperature 251?C, combustion air preheated to 272?C and outlet flue gas temperature 160?C. Since the largest exergy dissipation in the thermal power plant cycle occurs in the steam generator, energy, and exergy balances of the furnace and heat exchanging surfaces are established in order to identify the main sources of inefficiency. On a basis of the analysis, optimization of the combustion and heat transfer processes can be achieved through a set of measures, including retrofitting option of lignite pre-drying with flue gas and air preheating with dryer exhaust gases.
Experimental study of temperature inversions above urban area using unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Masic Adnan , Bibic Dzevad , Pikula Boran , Dzaferovic-Masic Emina , Musemic Rajfa
Published: September 2018

Vertical temperature profiles represent a very important factor for various analytical and numerical studies, such as weather forecasts, air pollution models and CFD simulations. These temperature profiles are especially important during the winter periods, when temperature inversions occur. The cities in the natural valleys, such as the city of Sarajevo, B&H, are strongly affected by this phenomenon. In this paper, a method for quantitative characterization of vertical temperature profiles, which is based on the in-house developed data acquisition system and the unmanned aerial vehicle, is presented. Comprehensive calibration and verification procedure was performed and explained in details. Field measurements were focused on the winter period and extreme temperature inversion scenarios. The correlation with the air pollution in the city, for the same period, was discussed as well.
Cost-optimal energy retrofit for Serbian residential buildings connected to district heating systems
Authors: Stojiljkovic Mladen , Stojiljkovic Mirko , Ignjatovic Marko , Vuckovic Goran
Published: September 2018

Buildings are significant energy consumers and provide a notable potential to reduce primary energy consumption and increase energy efficiency. Cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency projects is of crucial importance for their implementation. Cost-optimality of different packages of energy retrofit measures is studied across the EU, but Serbia mostly lacks such information. This paper analyzes cost-optimal solutions for Serbian residential buildings connected to district heating systems, considering three different scenarios related to the economic input parameters. Additionally, it considers the potential for primary energy savings beyond cost-optimality and associated costs. The optimal solutions, that correspond to minimal global cost or minimal primary energy consumption, are determined as the results of the combinatorial optimization problems. These problems are solved using the genetic algorithm and local search. The results are compared against the ones obtained with the sensitivity analysis. The global cost can be reduced by 8-43% in the cases of cost-optimal solutions, simultaneously saving 30-76% of primary energy. The potential to save primary energy is higher - it exceeds 70% in all the analyzed cases, but also requires higher global cost, sometimes larger than in the absence of the retrofit. The paper also emphasizes high dependencies of the results on very uncertain economic inputs.
Influence of over fire air system on NOx emissions: An experimental case study
Authors: Hodzic Nihad , Kazagic Anes , Metovic Sadjit
Published: September 2018

In this work, various combinations of the NO emission influencing factors and their x combined effects in air staging combustion on level of furnace, using over fire air, were investigated in an experimental lab-scale furnace. At this, process temperature were varied in the range from 950?C to 1450?C, excess air ratio in primary zone in the range ? = 0.9 - 1.2, while distance of over fire air nozzles from the burner outlet varied until a 1 given distance of 2/5 of total length of furnace. Basic fuel is brown coal from Middle Bosnia coal basin, mixed in two coal blends and one coal-woody biomass blend, to combine an effect of fuel characteristics variation on NO emission. Results shows that x an average reduction of NO emission over tested temperature range, when using over x fire air against conventional air supply with over fire air switched off, is 26.5%. At this, much more NO emission reduction for two coal blends were occurred at higher x temperatures ? at 1350?C and above, where an average NO emission reduction is x 32.5%. Furthermore, it was found that the NO emission decreased with an increase in x distance of over fire air nozzles from the outlet level of burner until a distance of 1/3 of total furnace length; with further increase of the distance, NOx emission is stabilised and no further effect to NOx emission reduction was observed, while CO emission and unburnt increased.
Suppurative gastritis in a HIV-positive patient: A case report
Authors: Damjanov Dragomir , Preveden Tomislav , Brkic Snezana , Maric Daniela , Zivojinov Mirjana , Damjanov Dimitrije , Savic Zeljka , Urosevic Ivana
Published: September 2018

Introduction. Suppurative gastritis (SG) is a rare disease characterized by a bacterial infection of the stomach wall. This condition has high mortality rate, especially in patients with predisposing factors such as alcoholism, immunodeficiency and previous endoscopic gastric procedures. Case report. A 41 year old male was hospitalized with epigastric pain, fever and vomiting. The symptoms started a few days after esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). His personal medical history included periodical excessive alcohol consumption. Based on initial blood tests the patient was diagnosed with sepsis and was promptly started a treatment with antibiotics. In the first few days of hospitalization there was an improvement in inflammation marker levels, but the patient was still febrile and with the referred epigastric pain. A computed tomography scan showed marked thickening of the gastric wall and EGD revealed deep ulcers in the stomach with fibrinopurulent exudate. Histological examination of gastric biopsies showed necrosis and abscesses. Blood cultures were positive for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with subsequent change in antibiotics. The repeated blood tests showed leucopenia and the patient tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A second EGD showed pus in the stomach, with a gastric aspirate culture positive for Enterococcus spp. The treatment was modified and a third EGD showed healed gastric mucosa confirmed by histopathological evaluation. Conclusion. Taking in consideration the high mortality rate of SG, it is necessary to make an early diagnosis and start the treatment against specific pathogens, since it can be crucial for a better outcome of this clinical condition.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in secondary sepsis: Is there an association with lethal outcome?
Authors: Udovicic Ivo , Surbatovic Maja , Rondovic Goran , Stanojevic Ivan , Zeba Snjezana , Djordjevic Dragan , Popadic Ana , Milosavljevic Snezana , Stankovic Nikola , Abazovic Dzihan , Vojvodic Danilo
Published: September 2018

Background/Aim. Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in human host response to sepsis still needs to be clarified. The aim of our study was to determine whether frequency and/or absolute numbers of the MDSCs were associated with outcome in critically ill patients with secondary sepsis and/or septic shock. Methods. Total of 40 critically ill patients with secondary sepsis were enrolled in a prospective study. We detected and enumerated both main subsets of MDSCs: granulocytic (G)-MDSCs and monocytic (M)- MDSCs on the Day 1 (the day of hospital admission) and the Day 5 after the. The primary end-point was hospital mortality. Results. Increased frequencies and absolute numbers of subpopulations corresponding to MDSCs were associated with poor outcome. As far as relative kinetics was concerned, in both survivors and non-survivors, sepsis duration from 1th to 5th day was accompanied by an increase in MDSCs values of both investigated subpopulations. In contrast to findings of stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis of the variables on the Day 1, on the Day 5 it was determined that the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (OR 2.350; p < 0.05) and G-MDSCs frequencies (OR 3.575; p < 0.05) were independent predictors of lethal outcome. Conclusion. These findings suggest harmful role of MDSCs in secondary sepsis.