bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaheuristic algorithms in visible and near infrared spectra to detect excess nitrogen content in tomato plants
Authors: Pourdarbani Raziyeh , Sabzi Sajad , Rohban Mohammad H , García-Mateos Ginés , Molina-Martínez José Miguel , Paliwal Jitendra , Arribas Juan I
Published: May 2022

Chemical fertilizers are widely applied in agriculture to achieve high yield, enhance produce quality and build resistance to diseases; in our case the plant being tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. var. Royal). However, the acidity, size and taste of tomato fruits could change with excess nitrogen (N) application. The present study aims at the early detection of nitrogen-rich tomato leaves using hyperspectral imaging techniques in the visible and near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectrum, in order to improve plant nutrition composition at an early growth stage. A 30% over-dose of nitrogen was applied to half of the tomato pots. Five leaves were randomly collected from each pot for 3 days (classes D0, D1, D2 and D3), and images were captured with a hyperspectral camera. A metaheuristic approach of artificial neural networks and the firefly algorithm (ANN-FA) was used to determine the most discriminative wavelengths. Afterwards, a combination of ANN and particle swarm optimization (ANN-PSO) was used to classify tomato leaves into the four classes. The training/classification process was repeated 200 times, and results indicated that the proposed approach was able to detect the excess of nitrogen even at the first day (D1), with a precision of 92.9%. Considering all the classes, the average correct classification rate was 92.6%, while the best execution achieved 95.5% accuracy. Thus, the method showed a high performance for practical uses.
Leader Trait Self-control and Follower Trust in High-Reliability Contexts: The Mediating Role of Met Expectations in Firefighting
Authors: Rosing Florian , Boer Diana , Buengeler Claudia
Published: May 2022

Drawing from the theory of met expectations, this study aims to create new knowledge on the antecedents of follower trust in leaders in the context of high-reliability organizations. We hypothesize that highly self-controlled leaders instill more trust than leaders with less self-control, as the former tend to meet follower expectations. This work combines data from a field survey ( N = 256) and a multi-wave field study ( N = 106), using samples of professional firefighters to support our hypotheses that met follower expectations mediate the relationship between leader trait self-control and follower trust in the leader. Our research highlights the importance of met expectations in high-reliability contexts and demonstrates the value of leader trait self-control in building trustful relationships.
The colors of ideology: Chromatic isomorphism and political party logos
Authors: Casiraghi Matteo CM , Curini Luigi , Cusumano Eugenio
Published: May 2022

Despite growing attention to electoral brands, political scientists have largely remained “color blind,” neglecting parties’ chromatic choices. Moreover, scholars dedicated limited attention to how party organizations converge on the use of similar structures and communication strategies, thereby engaging in a process of institutional isomorphism. We seek to simultaneously fill both gaps by examining the logos of more than 300 parties in 35 democracies during the latest political elections. Our findings show that a strong relationship exists between ideology and the use of certain color hues: left-wing party logos mainly display hues at the red end of the color spectrum, while blue hues prevail among right-wing parties. Likeminded parties’ chromatic isomorphism, however, is moderated by country and party-specific factors. Notably, the correlation between color hue and ideology is stronger in Western Europe and among older parties.
Sustainability of Facebook-radio convergence for content distribution in Nigeria: Computational content and stakeholders’ perspectives analyses
Authors: Ajetunmobi Umar O , Lasisi Mutiu I
Published: May 2022

Media convergence is not a new concept in journalism studies, though available evidence indicates that convergence studies have been explored more in the global north than the global south. This study, contextualised in Nigeria, joins the media convergence conversation by exploring the sustainability of Facebook-radio convergence for distributing broadcast programmes by seventeen (17) licenced radio stations in Oyo State, Nigeria. As a computational content analysis study, researchers analysed 85 purposively selected programmes of the stations as broadcast live on their Facebook pages alongside the 9527 likes, 10,314 shares, 7007 comments and 170,681 views the programmes generated. Stakeholders’ interviews were also conducted for a broadcasting expert, presenters of some of the stations, together with audience of the selected stations. The main finding shows that programmes that focussed more on socioeconomic problems and opportunities, and were broadcast in the afternoon, evening and at night received more digital engagement than other programmes’ formats and time belts. Although high cost of Internet data subscription in the country, absence of Internet-enabled mobile phones among many adherents of radio programmes (both in rural and urban areas), epileptic power supply that sometimes leave many people with unpowered mobile phones as well as weak Internet broadband connectivity common to many locations in Nigeria threaten the sustainability of Facebook-radio broadcasting in Oyo State. Deployment of 5G network, installation of more network masts with strong bandwidth and training of radio presenters and radio stations' social media handlers on innovative and audience-participatory programme production are recommended.
Undertale’s Loveable Monsters: Investigating Parasocial Relationships with Non-Player Characters
Authors: Elvery Gabriel
Published: May 2022

Interaction with non-player characters (NPCs) that simulates one-sided social interaction is a common feature of many role-playing video games (RPGs). This kind of interaction may be described as parasocial. Parasocial phenomena have been identified across media, but there are few studies which detail how they function within specific video games. This article marries close analysis of the video game Undertale with theories of parasocial phenomena to examine how effective parasocial relationships (PSRs) are created with its cast of quirky, loveable monsters. The article uses players’ reception of the game in the form of Steam reviews and Let’s play content to evidence players’ attachments to NPCs and uses the concept of parasociality coupled with close reading to explore why. The paper concludes by considering what insights analysis of PSRs in video games can provide regarding both our relationships with the technology that facilitates them, and our off-screen relationships.
The association between dietary inflammation scores and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases in Iranian adults
Authors: Farhadnejad Hossein , Tehrani Asal Neshatbini , Jahromi Mitra Kazemi , Teymoori Farshad , Mokhtari Ebrahim , Salehi-Sahlabadi Ammar , Mirmiran Parvin
Published: May 2022

Background

Potential dietary inflammation can precursor chronic diseases such as hepatic disorders. We aimed to examine the association of empirical dietary inflammatory patterns (EDIP) and dietary inflammation scores (DIS) with the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in Iranian adults.

Methods

This case–control study was conducted on 225 newly diagnosed NAFLD cases and 450 controls aged 20–60 years. The individuals’ dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The detection of NAFLD in subjects was done using the ultrasonography scan of the liver and confirmation of gastroenterologists. To calculate of EDIP score, the average daily intakes of each item (15 food items) were multiplied by the proposed weights, and then all the weighted values were summed. Also, to calculate the DIS score, each food item (18 food items) is multiplied by its specific weight to obtain the weighted values of each item. The weighted values were then standardized using the Z-score. Finally, the standardized weighted values of all the items were summed to get the overall DIS score for the individuals. Logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) of NAFLD across tertiles of EDIP and DIS.

Results

The mean (SD) age and BMI of the study population (53% male) were 38.1 (8.8) years and 26.8 (4.3) kg/m2, respectively. The median (IQR) of EDIP and DIS scores in individuals were 0.52 (0.34, 0.73), and 0.04 (− 0.55, 0.59), respectively. Based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling for age, sex, physical activity, smoking, marital status, waist-to-hip ratio, and dietary energy intake, individuals in the second (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.07–3.76) and third tertiles of DIS (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.39–4.63) had a higher odds of NAFLD compared to the lowest tertile of DIS (Ptrend = 0.003). Also, in the final model, there is a significant direct association between EDIP score and odds of NAFLD [(OR T2 vs. T1 = 0.88, 95% CI 0.50–1.57) and (OR T3 vs. T1 = 1.82, 95% CI 1.02–3.23)], (Ptrend = 0.031).

Conclusion

Our results suggested that higher scores of EDIP and DIS, indicating the high inflammatory potential of dietary pattern, are associated with increased odds of NAFLD in Iranian adults.
Automatic lesion segmentation using atrous convolutional deep neural networks in dermoscopic skin cancer images
Authors: Kaur Ranpreet , GholamHosseini Hamid , Sinha Roopak , Lindén Maria
Published: May 2022

Background

Melanoma is the most dangerous and aggressive form among skin cancers, exhibiting a high mortality rate worldwide. Biopsy and histopathological analysis are standard procedures for skin cancer detection and prevention in clinical settings. A significant step in the diagnosis process is the deep understanding of the patterns, size, color, and structure of lesions based on images obtained through dermatoscopes for the infected area. However, the manual segmentation of the lesion region is time-consuming because the lesion evolves and changes its shape over time, making its prediction challenging. Moreover, it is challenging to predict melanoma at the initial stage as it closely resembles other skin cancer types that are not malignant as melanoma; thus, automatic segmentation techniques are required to design a computer-aided system for accurate and timely detection.

Methods

As deep learning approaches have gained significant attention in recent years due to their remarkable performance, therefore, in this work, we proposed a novel design of a convolutional neural network (CNN) framework based on atrous convolutions for automatic lesion segmentation. This architecture is built based on the concept of atrous/dilated convolutions which are effective for semantic segmentation. A deep neural network is designed from scratch employing several building blocks consisting of convolutional, batch normalization, leakyReLU layer, and fine-tuned hyperparameters contributing altogether towards higher performance.

Conclusion

The network was tested on three benchmark datasets provided by International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC), i.e., ISIC 2016, ISIC 2017, and ISIC 2018. The experimental results showed that the proposed network achieved an average Jaccard index of 90.4% on ISIC 2016, 81.8% on ISIC 2017, and 89.1% on ISIC 2018 datasets, respectively which is recorded as higher than the top three winners of the ISIC challenge and other state-of-the-art methods. Also, the model successfully extracts lesions from the whole image in one pass in less time, requiring no pre-processing step. The conclusions yielded that network is accurate in performing lesion segmentation on adopted datasets.
Evaluation of C-shaped canals in maxillary molars in a Chinese population using CBCT
Authors: Qian Yuyan , Li Yamei , Song Jukun , Zhang Ping , Chen Zhu
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of C-shaped root canals in maxillary first (MFMs) and second (MSMs) molars in a Southwestern Chinese population using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT).

Methods

CBCT images of MFMs (n = 1488) and MSMs (n = 1547) from 1508 subjects enrolled in Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology between July 2018 to February 2021 were evaluated for the incidence and types of C-shaped root canals. Differences by age, sex, left or right side, and bilateral symmetry were also evaluated.

Results

C-shaped root canals were present in 2.93% MFMs and MSMs (n = 3035) in the Southwestern Chinese population. A significant higher incidence was observed in the MSMs (5.24%) than in the MFMs (0.54%). Increased incidences were noted in teeth with fused root. Two major types and 5 subtypes of C-shaped canal system of maxillary molars were defined, and the most common type of C-shaped canals is fusion of mesial-buccal (MB) and distal-buccal (DB) canals (Type I subtype C). No significant gender and age differences were noted in the prevalence of C-shaped root canals in this population, and no significant difference was seen in its incidence in the left or right MFMs and MSMs. The bilateral occurrence was observed in 1.27% of the patients.

Conclusion

C-shaped root canals are more frequently present in MSMs than in MFMs in the Southwestern Chinese population, with Type I subtype C (MB-DB canal fusion) as the most common subtype and low incidence of bilateral symmetry.
Grading of IDH-mutant astrocytoma using diffusion, susceptibility and perfusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Yang Xiefeng , Xing Zhen , She Dejun , Lin Yu , Zhang Hua , Su Yan , Cao Dairong
Published: May 2022

Background

The accurate grading of IDH-mutant astrocytoma is essential to make therapeutic strategies and assess the prognosis of patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of DWI, SWI and DSC-PWI in grading IDH-mutant astrocytoma.

Methods

One hundred and seven patients with IDH-mutant astrocytoma who underwent DWI, SWI and DSC-PWI were retrospectively reviewed. Minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin), intratumoral susceptibility signal intensity(ITSS) and maximum relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmax) values were assessed. ADCmin, ITSS and rCBVmax values were compared between grade 2 vs. grade 3, grade 3 vs. grade 4 and grade 2 + 3 vs. grade 4 tumors. Logistic regression, tenfold cross-validation,and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to assess their diagnostic performances.

Results

Grade 4 IDH-mutant astrocytomas showed significantly lower ADCmin and higher rCBVmax as compared to grade 3 tumors (adjusted P < 0.001). IDH-mutant grade 3 astrocytomas showed significantly lower ITSS levels as compared with grade 4 tumors (adjusted P < 0.001). ITSS levels between IDH-mutant grade 2 and grade 3 astrocytomas were significantly different (adjusted P = 0.002). Combined the ADCmin, ITSS and rCBVmax resulted in the highest AUC for differentiation grade 2 and grade 3 tumors from grade 4 tumors.

Conclusion

ADCmin, rCBVmax and ITSS can be used for grading the IDH-mutant astrocytomas. The combination of ADCmin, ITSS and rCBVmax could improve the diagnostic performance in grading of IDH-mutant astrocytoma.
Classification of painful or painless diabetic peripheral neuropathy and identification of the most powerful predictors using machine learning models in large cross-sectional cohorts
Authors: Baskozos Georgios , Themistocleous Andreas C. , Hebert Harry L. , Pascal Mathilde M. V. , John Jishi , Callaghan Brian C. , Laycock Helen , Granovsky Yelena , Crombez Geert , Yarnitsky David , Rice Andrew S. C. , Smith Blair H. , Bennett David L. H.
Published: May 2022

Background

To improve the treatment of painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) and associated co-morbidities, a better understanding of the pathophysiology and risk factors for painful DPN is required. Using harmonised cohorts (N = 1230) we have built models that classify painful versus painless DPN using quality of life (EQ5D), lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption), demographics (age, gender), personality and psychology traits (anxiety, depression, personality traits), biochemical (HbA1c) and clinical variables (BMI, hospital stay and trauma at young age) as predictors.

Methods

The Random Forest, Adaptive Regression Splines and Naive Bayes machine learning models were trained for classifying painful/painless DPN. Their performance was estimated using cross-validation in large cross-sectional cohorts (N = 935) and externally validated in a large population-based cohort (N = 295). Variables were ranked for importance using model specific metrics and marginal effects of predictors were aggregated and assessed at the global level. Model selection was carried out using the Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and model performance was quantified in the validation set using MCC, the area under the precision/recall curve (AUPRC) and accuracy.

Results

Random Forest (MCC = 0.28, AUPRC = 0.76) and Adaptive Regression Splines (MCC = 0.29, AUPRC = 0.77) were the best performing models and showed the smallest reduction in performance between the training and validation dataset. EQ5D index, the 10-item personality dimensions, HbA1c, Depression and Anxiety t-scores, age and Body Mass Index were consistently amongst the most powerful predictors in classifying painful vs painless DPN.

Conclusions

Machine learning models trained on large cross-sectional cohorts were able to accurately classify painful or painless DPN on an independent population-based dataset. Painful DPN is associated with more depression, anxiety and certain personality traits. It is also associated with poorer self-reported quality of life, younger age, poor glucose control and high Body Mass Index (BMI). The models showed good performance in realistic conditions in the presence of missing values and noisy datasets. These models can be used either in the clinical context to assist patient stratification based on the risk of painful DPN or return broad risk categories based on user input. Model’s performance and calibration suggest that in both cases they could potentially improve diagnosis and outcomes by changing modifiable factors like BMI and HbA1c control and institute earlier preventive or supportive measures like psychological interventions.
Spontaneous spinal intradural hemorrhage in dengue fever: a case report
Authors: Kaushik Rajeev Mohan , Kumar Ranjit , Kaushik Madhurima , Saini Manju , Kaushik Reshma
Published: May 2022

Background

Spontaneous spinal cord hemorrhage is extremely rare in dengue fever. We report a case of spontaneous spinal intradural hemorrhage in dengue fever associated with severe thrombocytopenia.

Case presentation

A 48-year-old Indian woman presented with fever and body aches followed by acute onset of paraplegia with bladder and bowel dysfunction and loss of sensations below the level of the umbilicus. She had severe thrombocytopenia and positive dengue serology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed compression of the spinal cord due to intradural hematoma at the D7–D8 vertebral level. The patient received symptomatic treatment for dengue fever and steroids. Emergency D7–D8 laminectomy with excision of the clot and dural repair was done after stabilizing the platelet count with multiple platelet transfusions. The constitutional symptoms responded well to the treatment. There was good improvement in sensory symptoms but negligible improvement in paraplegia with a change in muscle power from grade 0/5 to grade 1/5 in the postoperative period. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition, but paraplegia showed little improvement during follow-up of 1 year.

Conclusions

Spontaneous spinal cord hemorrhage can present as acute paraplegia in dengue fever. Failure to recognize this complication can delay initiating appropriate treatment with permanent loss of neurologic function.
Failure Mode Detection of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Using Ensemble Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Barkhordari Mohammad Sadegh , Massone Leonardo M.
Published: May 2022

Reinforced concrete structural walls (RCSWs) are one of the most efficient lateral force-resisting systems used in buildings, providing sufficient strength, stiffness, and deformation capacities to withstand the forces generated during earthquake ground motions. Identifying the failure mode of the RCSWs is a critical task that can assist engineers and designers in choosing appropriate retrofitting solutions. This study evaluates the efficiency of three ensemble deep neural network models, including the model averaging ensemble, weighted average ensemble, and integrated stacking ensemble for predicting the failure mode of the RCSWs. The ensemble deep neural network models are compared against previous studies that used traditional well-known ensemble models (AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost) and traditional machine learning methods (Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Random Forest). The weighted average ensemble model is proposed as the best-suited prediction model for identifying the failure mode since it has the highest accuracy, precision, and recall among the alternative models. In addition, since complex and advanced machine learning-based models are commonly referred to as black-box, the SHapley Additive exPlanation method is also used to interpret the model workflow and illustrate the importance and contribution of the components that impact determining the failure mode of the RCSWs.
The effect of loving-kindness meditation on employees’ mindfulness, affect, altruism and knowledge hiding
Authors: Liu Chao , Chen Hao , Liang Yu-Chao , Hsu Szu-Erh , Huang Ding-Hau , Liu Chia-Yi , Chiou Wen-Ko
Published: May 2022

Background

This study investigated the effects of the loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on employees’ mindfulness, affect, altruism and knowledge hiding.

Methods

In total, 100 employees were recruited from a knowledge-based enterprise in China and randomly divided into the LKM training group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). The LKM training group underwent LKM training for 8 weeks, while the control group did not. Seven main variables (mindfulness, altruism positive affect, negative affect, playing dumb, rationalized hiding, and evasive hiding) were measured both before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the LKM training intervention.

Results

The LKM intervention significantly increased participants’ altruism, and significantly reduced negative affect, playing dumb and evasive hiding, but did not significantly improve mindfulness, positive affect, and rationalized hiding.

Conclusions

LKM significantly improved employees’ altruism, and significantly reduce their negative affect, but did not significantly improve their mindfulness and positive affect. For knowledge hiding, LKM significantly reduced playing dumb and evasive hiding, but had no significant effect on rationalized hiding. These results further elucidate the psychological effects of LKM and suggest the possibility of reducing knowledge hiding in the workplace.

Trial registration

ChiCTR2200057460. Registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), 13 March 2022—Retrospectively registered.
Simple, accurate calculation of mechanical power in pressure controlled ventilation (PCV)
Authors: Trinkle Christine A. , Broaddus Richard N. , Sturgill Jamie L. , Waters Christopher M. , Morris Peter E.
Published: May 2022

Background

Mechanical power is a promising new metric to assess energy transfer from a mechanical ventilator to a patient, which combines the contributions of multiple parameters into a single comprehensive value. However, at present, most ventilators are not capable of calculating mechanical power automatically, so there is a need for a simple equation that can be used to estimate this parameter at the bedside. For volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), excellent equations exist for calculating power from basic ventilator parameters, but for pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), an accurate, easy-to-use equation has been elusive.

Results

Here, we present a new power equation and evaluate its accuracy compared to the three published PCV power equations. When applied to a sample of 50 patients on PCV with a non-zero rise time, we found that our equation estimated power within an average of 8.4% ± 5.9% (mean ± standard deviation) of the value obtained by numerical integration of the P–V loop. The other three equations estimated power with an error of 19.4% ± 12.9% (simplified Becher equation), 10.0% ± 6.8% (comprehensive Becher equation), and 16.5% ± 14.6% (van der Meijden equation).

Conclusions

Our equation calculates power more accurately than the other three published equations, and is much easier to use than the only previously published equation with similar accuracy. The proposed new mechanical power equation is accurate and simple to use, making it an attractive option to estimate power in PCV cases at the bedside.
Biostimulants an important nonchemical alternative to pesticides for management of virus disease in Muskmelon
Authors: Dhkal Manmohan , Sharma Abhishek , Sharma Sat Pal
Published: May 2022

Background

Use of chemical pesticides for controlling viral disease in different crops leads to the development of various problems, viz. residue in sprayed crop, pest resistance, pest resurgence and environmental pollution. It was necessary to find some products that were environmentally safe. So, during this study, biostimulants, viz. buttermilk, kaolin, vegetable oil, neem oil, horticultural mineral oil and lemon grass oil, were tested at different concentrations for the management of viral diseases in muskmelon.

Results

Among these biostimulants, spray of buttermilk at 20% concentration was found to be highly effective with minimum % disease incidence (50.8%) and % disease severity (21.3%), followed by kaolin 2%. Other treatments were also found to be significantly effective in the management of viral disease than the control. In addition to disease control, buttermilk at 20% was also found to increase number of fruits per plant (2.2), number of marketable fruits per plant (2.2), fruit weight (983.3 g), chlorophyll content (26.91 mg m−2) and photosynthetic activity (43.80 mg m−2). Similar to buttermilk 20%, kaolin 2% has also been observed to have significant effect on all abovementioned traits.

Conclusion

As buttermilk 20% spray was found to increase growth and yield of sprayed plant along with controlling viral disease, it can act as a good alternative for the pesticide spray in future because spray of pesticide majority time leads to residue problem, pest resistance and pest resurgence problem.
A rare case report of dominant paediatric sinus pericranii: food for thought!
Authors: Agarwal Arvind Kumar , Basantani Neeraj
Published: May 2022

Background

Sinus pericranii (SP) is a rare venous anomaly abnormally connecting the intracranial dural sinuses with the epicranial venous channels. Various authors have attempted to classify this entity to decide management for this potentially life-threatening condition. With approximately 200 cases reported in world literature till date, no definitive guidelines for management have emerged.

Case presentation

A female child aged 7 years presented to us with complaints of occipital swelling since birth. This swelling was gradually increasing in size as reported by the parents. On examination, the swelling was located in the right parieto-occipital region, size 10 cm diameter in lying position, soft, non-tender, fluid-like diffuse swelling with underlying areas of palpable bony defects, partially reducible in sitting up position, and cough impulse was present. On evaluation, a case of dominant SP was established.

Conclusion

Traditionally, SP has been reported mostly in paediatric population and managed surgically or endovascularly for selected cases, while the remaining cases have been observed. Profuse haemorrhage has been a major deterrent to manage these lesions surgically. Long-term complications like trauma, haemorrhage, infection and thrombosis have been reported in conservatively managed cases. The neurosurgical community has thus been left searching for the optimal management of SP. The authors report this case attempting to classify this case according to the available classification systems and hence decide the best possible management.
Dolor, rigidez y capacidad funcional asociados a la kinesiofobia en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (Perú)
Authors: De la Cruz-Pérez Jhonatan Peter , Camacho-Conchucos Herminio Teófilo
Published: June 2022

Introducción: la característica progresiva y crónica de la gonartrosis supone la presencia de síntomas como el dolor, la rigidez y la dificultad de la capacidad funcional en diferentes grados; sin embargo, pueden también surgir fenómenos psicosociales asociados como la kinesiofobia, que impiden la recuperación del paciente. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la asociación entre dolor, rigidez, capacidad funcional y kinesiofobia en pacientes con gonartrosis del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (Perú), en los primeros dos meses de 2020. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, correlacional y de corte transversal realizado en 88 pacientes con gonartrosis seleccionados por muestreo censal. Se empleó el Cuestionario WOMAC y la Escala Tampa para Kinesiofobia (TSK-11) y se utilizó el estadístico chi cuadrado de Pearson (p < 0.01) para el análisis bivariado. Resultados: una edad media de 66.38 años y una mayor frecuencia del sexo femenino (68.2 %), ocupación actual sin carga física (56.8 %), grado de instrucción secundaria (40.9 %), tiempo de enfermedad de 1-5 años (51.1 %), afectación bilateral de miembros inferiores (68.18 %), grado moderado de dolor (51.1 %), grado moderado de rigidez (51.1 %), grado con dificultades de capacidad funcional (61.4 %) y nivel alto de kinesiofobia (60.2 %). Se halló relación entre las variables dolor, rigidez y capacidad funcional con la kinesiofobia (0.000). Conclusiones: el dolor, la rigidez y la capacidad funcional están asociadas con la kinesiofobia en pacientes con gonartrosis. A mayor grado de sintomatología, mayor kinesiofobia.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CONTROLLING IN THE PROCESS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAMS OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Chirkova O. A.
Published: June 2022

The article defines the role of controlling in the process of development and implementation of programs for the the strategic development of the municipality. The author’s definition of concept of controlling is given. A scheme for its implementation in the process of implementing strategic programs is proposed, as well as a place in the process of implementing programs, is proposed. The author came to the conclusion that the effective organization of controlling allows for an increase in the effectiveness of the implementation of strategic programs, a decrease in the number of deviations of actual indicators from planned ones by preventing their occurrence at an early stage. If deviations are fixed, then it is necessary to take timely measures to eliminate them, mitigate the negative consequences of deviations, coordinate and regulate the process of implementing strategic development programs of the municipality, and support decision-making.
Aspectos Teóricos da Calibração Geométrica em Órbita de Sensores Remotos Imageadores Lineares do Tipo Pushbroom
Authors: Rodrigues Tiago Lima
Published: June 2022

A fim de que o completo potencial de exatidão geométrica de informações espaciais extraídas a partir de imagens de sensores remotos lineares orbitais do tipo pushbroom possa ser alcançado, é imprescindível que todos os erros sistemáticos presentes no processo de aquisição sejam levados em consideração. Além disso, a proximidade dos valores com a realidade física é essencial. No contexto da orientação rigorosa, os parâmetros de orientação interior (POI) devem ser adequadamente identificados e a estimativa de seus valores deve ser feita antes e imediatamente após o sensor ser colocado em órbita. Da mesma forma, devem ocorrer o refinamento dos parâmetros de montagem (PM) e o refinamento do alinhamento das bandas espectrais (ABE). Em órbita, mediante estudo prévio de periodicidade realizado por cada agência responsável, de tempos em tempos faz-se necessárias novas estimativas para verificação de alterações nos valores. Isso não somente por conta da alteração das características físicas do ambiente, mas também pelo próprio desgaste dos componentes internos constituintes. Esta atividade é denominada calibração geométrica em órbita. Neste artigo foram apresentados os principais aspectos teóricos envolvidos no processo, sem, contudo pretender esgotar o assunto.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pengembangan Nilai–Nilai Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa Melalui Penerapan Pendekatan PAIKEM pada Mata Pelajaran Keagamaan di MAN Kendal
Authors: Asnawi Muhamad
Published: May 2022

The national character building that has been pursued in various forms has not been implemented optimally. Today there are many anarchist acts, social conflicts, bad language and disrespect. All of this reinforces the uncertainty of the identity, culture and character of the nation. The specific purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of the PAIKEM method in teaching and learning practices in MAN Kendal. While the overall goal is to form a growth model for integrated education that incorporates cultural values ??and national character into teaching and learning practices, especially in the subjects of the Qur'an Hadith, Aqidah Ahklaq, and Fiqh in MAN Kendal. This study uses the school action research method (PTS) with data collection techniques through observation, field data notes, interviews, test results and notes on the results of reflections/discussions conducted by researchers and collaborative friends (research partners). The results of the study show that incorporating the development of cultural values ??and national character into all subjects is not a difficult task, but it is necessary to do it. The research results show that teachers at MAN Kendal develop a better understanding and mastery of PAIKEM, which has an impact on the growth of cultural values ??and national character.
Penggunaan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Take and Give untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Materi Menentukan Nilai Limit Fungsi Aljabar pada Peserta Didik Kelas XII Tata Boga 4 SMK Negeri 2 Godean
Authors: Harwidi Dini
Published: May 2022

This study aims to improve learning outcomes to determine the limit value of algebraic functions in students of class XII Tata Catering 4 SMK Negeri 2 Godean semester 1 of the 2019/2020 academic year through cooperative learning Type Take and Give. And describe the steps of implementing the Take and Give the type of cooperative learning to achieve completeness of learning outcomes to determine the limit value of classical algebraic functions in class XII Catering 4 students of SMK Negeri 2 Godean semester 1 of the 2019/2020 academic year. Research procedures through planning, implementation, observation and monitoring, and reflection. Data collection techniques through observation, field notes, and written tests. Types of instruments and how to use them with an observation guide. The data analysis technique used qualitative analysis. The results showed that in the implementation of learning to determine the value of the limit of algebraic functions through cooperative learning Type Take and Give in Cycle I, students who achieved KKM 58.06%. The average test result score was 67.50. In the second cycle students who reach KKM 87.10%. The average test result score was 75.81.
Peran Guru PAI dalam Membentuk Karakter Melalui Program Sekolah Ramah Anak (SRA) di SMPN 7 Yogyakarta
Authors: Ilham Muhammad
Published: May 2022

The background of this research is that the teacher of Islamic Religious Education is one of the elements that influence the process of character building at SMPN 7 Yogyakarta. Through the Child-Friendly School program, the process of character building becomes more positive for the development of students. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of PAI teachers and analyze the results achieved by PAI teachers in shaping the character of students through the Child-Friendly School (SRA) program at SMPN 7 Yogyakarta. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The results of this study are that in the process of character building the Islamic Religious Education teacher acts as an educator, leader, uswatun hasanah to shape the character of students in school to make a generation who is tough, has a noble character, is tolerant, and has a Muslim personality. With a persuasive approach by Islamic Religious Education Teachers can shape the learning culture in schools to be hospitable.
Estimation of deformation modulus of coals using artificial neural networks (ANN)
Authors: Köken Ekin
Published: May 2022

In this study, the Young modulus (E) of different coals was investigated using artificial neural networks (ANN). For this purpose, a comprehensive literature survey was carried out to compile such datasets available for the ANN analyses. As a result of the literature survey, a database composed of 81 datasets was formed. In the ANN analyses, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and dry density (ρd) of coals were adopted as input parameters. The ANN analysis results demonstrated that the predictive model established in this study could be reliably used to estimate the E for different coals. The correlation of determination value (R2) for the developed model is 0.85, which shows its relative success. In this context, this study can be declared a case study showing the applicability of ANN for the evaluation of E for a wide range of coal types. However, the number of samples and independent variables should be increased to obtain more comprehensive models in future studies.
A comparison of the Exxon Valdez, Torrey Canyon and Amoco Cadiz oil spills: Challenges, lessons learned and impacts on International Environmental Legislation
Authors: Boateng Nana
Published: May 2022

Water forms a great chuck of our planet earth. It still remains the most cost-effective way of moving great volumes of cargoes from one location to the other. The marine environment is very fragile and that ecosystem should not be degraded. Human error accounts for over eighty percent of accidents that occur at sea. It is even more this disturbing if the pollution is by caused by oil. Oil contains hydrocarbons which are deadly with high toxicity and affecting the marine life and the immediate environment which surrounds the place of the spill. The ecosystem is thrown out of balance as substantial damage is done to the marine flora and fauna which is either severely damaged or die. When oil gets in contact with seawater, certain processes immediately occur. The processes are physical, chemical and biological in nature as in oil dispersion, evaporation, emulsification, and a biodegradation occurrence. Three major oil spills by namely the Exxon Valdez, Torrey Canyon and Amoco Cadiz greatly impacted the marine environment and its coastal surroundings. This paper will interrogate these marine environmental disasters and their impacts when these spills occurred. It will also explain the major challenges that occurred dump these major oil spills, the challenges and lessons learned and their culminating impacts on international environmental legislation.
Circulating cell-free DNA undergoes significant decline in yield after prolonged storage time in both plasma and purified form
Authors: Yuwono Nicole Laurencia , Boyd Mollie Ailie Acheson , Henry Claire Elizabeth , Werner Bonnita , Ford Caroline Elizabeth , Warton Kristina
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Circulating DNA (cirDNA) is generally purified from plasma that has been biobanked for variable lengths of time. In long-term experiments or clinical trials, the plasma can be stored frozen for up to several years. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the stability of cirDNA to ensure confidence in sample quality upon analysis. Our main objective was to determine the effect of storage for up to 2 years on cirDNA yield and fragmentation.

Methods

We stored frozen EDTA plasma and purified cirDNA from 10 healthy female donors, then quantified cirDNA yield at baseline, and at regular intervals for up to 2 years, by qPCR and Qubit. We also compared cirDNA levels in non-haemolysed and haemolysed blood samples after 16 months of storage and tested the effect of varying DNA extraction protocol parameters.

Results

Storage up to two years caused an annual cirDNA yield decline of 25.5% when stored as plasma and 23% when stored as purified DNA, with short fragments lost more rapidly than long fragments. Additionally, cirDNA yield was impacted by plasma input and cirDNA elution volumes, but not by haemolysis.

Conclusions

The design of long-term cirDNA-based studies and clinical trials should factor in the deterioration of cirDNA during storage.
FEATURES OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT STRESS RESISTANCE
Authors:   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Vadzyuk S.N. , Sas В.В. ,   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Ratynska O.M. ,   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Tkachuk S.S. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to examine the characteristics of psycho-emotional state: self-assessment of depression, anxiety and depression on a hospital scale, emotional resilience, situational and personal anxiety in relation to stress in 637 people who returned from Joint Forces Operation. It is shown that among the surveyed individuals with good and moderate stress resistance there are average correlations between different manifestations of psycho-emotional state (p˂0,001). The average correlations between the intensity of combat experience of servicemen and average stress resistance were established: with increasing intensity of combat experience from mild to moderate, stress resistance decreased.
ARSENIY IVANOVYCH DANYLENKO IS A FORGOTTEN NAME OF AN OUTSTANDING UKRAINIAN SCIENTIST-BIOPHYSICIST, RADIOBIOLOGIST, RESEARCHER OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine, Boichak M.P.
Published: May 2022

The article covers the life and activities of Professor Arseniy Danylenko, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Biophysics of the O.O. Bogomolets Institute of Physiology. He stood at the origins of the research on ionizing radiation of very low intensities and methods of measuring them. For the first time, he determined the levels of natural radioactivity in different environments (atmosphere, soil, plants, animals, humans) and obtained important data on the role of microdoses of ionizing radiation in the life of an organism. Based on the study of the beta activity of the blood of healthy people and people suffering from various diseases, he established the limits of fluctuations in the level of activity of beta radiation, characteristic of these conditions. He was one of the initiators of the use of artificial radioactive isotopes in the diagnosis of tumors.
Análisis de curvas de fusión de alta resolución para identificar el sexo en papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Authors: Barrantes-Santamaría Walter , Sánchez-Barrantes Elodia M.
Published: May 2022

Introducción. El sexado de las plantas de papaya (Carica papaya L.) en plantaciones comerciales se suele hacer de forma visual una vez que la planta emite la flor. También existen procedimientos biotecnológicos como la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR), utilizados para detectar a edades tempranas el sexo de la papaya, sin embargo, ambos métodos mencionados presentan una serie de inconvenientes entre ellos los falsos positivos. Objetivo. Identificar el sexo en plántulas de papaya con marcadores SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) de alto grado de precisión. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno de la Universidad de Costa Rica, durante los meses de febrero a octubre del año 2020. Se evaluaron ocho marcadores SNP en plantas de papaya de sexo conocido mediante la técnica HRMA (siglas en inglés: High Resolution Melting Analysis), se escogió el mejor y se reevaluó en dos poblaciones del programa de mejora genética de este cultivo, las plantas sexadas se sembraron en campo para comparar el sexado molecular con el real en campo. Resultados. Varios de los marcadores SNP evaluados fueron polimórficos y podrían ser usados para identificar el sexo en la papaya, sin embargo, el marcador CpSERK_HRM_34704 fue el que se ajustó más a los criterios de selección. Conclusión. Para el caso del híbrido de papaya Pococí y poblaciones de mejora emparentadas con el mismo, el marcador CpSERK_HRM_34704 mostró un 100 % de precisión entre le sexado molecular de las plántulas en el almácigo con la técnica HRM y el sexo real de las mismas plantas sembradas en el campo.
Objective Bayesian Nets for Integrating Consistent Datasets
Authors: Landes Juergen , Williamson Jon
Published: May 2022

This paper addresses a data integration problem: given several mutually consistent datasets each of which measures a subset of the variables of interest, how can one construct a probabilistic model that fits the data and gives reasonable answers to questions which are under-determined by the data? Here we show how to obtain a Bayesian network model which represents the unique probability function that agrees with the probability distributions measured by the datasets and otherwise has maximum entropy. We provide a general algorithm, OBN-cDS, which offers substantial efficiency savings over the standard brute-force approach to determining the maximum entropy probability function. Furthermore, we develop modifications to the general algorithm which enable further efficiency savings but which are only applicable in particular situations. We show that there are circumstances in which one can obtain the model (i) directly from the data; (ii) by solving algebraic problems; and (iii) by solving relatively simple independent optimisation problems.
Core Challenges in Embodied Vision-Language Planning
Authors: Francis Jonathan , Kitamura Nariaki , Labelle Felix , Lu Xiaopeng , Navarro Ingrid , Oh Jean
Published: May 2022

Recent advances in the areas of multimodal machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of challenging tasks at the intersection of Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, and Embodied AI. Whereas many approaches and previous survey pursuits have characterised one or two of these dimensions, there has not been a holistic analysis at the center of all three. Moreover, even when combinations of these topics are considered, more focus is placed on describing, e.g., current architectural methods, as opposed to also illustrating high-level challenges and opportunities for the field. In this survey paper, we discuss Embodied Vision-Language Planning (EVLP) tasks, a family of prominent embodied navigation and manipulation problems that jointly use computer vision and natural language. We propose a taxonomy to unify these tasks and provide an in-depth analysis and comparison of the new and current algorithmic approaches, metrics, simulated environments, as well as the datasets used for EVLP tasks. Finally, we present the core challenges that we believe new EVLP works should seek to address, and we advocate for task construction that enables model generalizability and furthers real-world deployment.