bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE RISK OF SILK TOFU PRODUCTION IN SMALL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Syamsiah Yuliatin , TEKMAPRO Ahmad  Kurniawan
Published: July 2024

Silk tofu, a unique variant of tofu packaged in thin silk sheets that provides a significantly different texture and appearance, is the subject of this research. The study aims to investigate its nutritional value, sensory attributes, and market potential. MKM Silk Tofu 57 is a prominent producer of silk tofu located in Sidoarjo, specifically at jl. Beciro No.9, Beciro, Jumputrejo, Kec. Sukodono, Sidoarjo Regency. Throughout the production process, MKM Silk Tofu 57 faces numerous risks. Hence, a risk analysis is imperative to identify optimal solutions to reduce or eliminate these arising risks. This study delves into the risks encountered by MKM Silk Tofu 57 and proposes improvements to mitigate these risks. Utilizing qualitative data, such as the company's history, and quantitative data, including numerical figures, the research employed the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method to assess the risks. The results of the risk assessment, based on the Risk Priority Number ( RPN) calculations, identified the highest risk as the potential destruction of tofu during packaging, with an RPN value of 72. Risk management will be executed through the Service Quality method, encompassing five attribute methods: reliability, responsiveness, tangibility, assurance, and empathy .An observation conducted during this study yielded data and conclusions indicating the lowest satisfaction level in the assurance aspect. This signifies a lower level of accountability applied in the service provided by the silk tofu establishment, suggesting a need for enhancement in this area.
Analisis Ergonomi untuk Mengurangi Keluhan MSDs pada Kegiatan Penyadapan Karet
Authors: TEKMAPRO Raizummi Fil'aini , TEKMAPRO Joyce Rebeka Gultom , TEKMAPRO Zunanik Mufidah , TEKMAPRO Tri Novita Sari , TEKMAPRO Harmiansyah
Published: July 2024

Permasalahan utama yang masih terjadi di Indonesia adalah rata-rata tingkat produktivitas karet masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan negara pesaingnya yaitu Thailand. Ketika melakukan penyadapan, terdapat berbagai posisi kerja tidak ergonomis yang dapat menyebabkan petani menjadi lebih cepat lelah, sulit berkonsentrasi dan lambat dalam bekerja sehingga berakibat pada penurunan produktivitas. Dalam melakukan aktivitasnya, petani akan berdiri dalam waktu yang lama, berjongkok, memutar tubuh, berjinjit, dan membungkuk menyesuaikan dengan tinggi sadapan. Postur tubuh tidak ergonomis tersebut dapat memicu terjadinya keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) yaitu masalah pada sistem skletal tubuh manusia. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan identifikasi melalui pendekatan ergonomi berupa analisis postur kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko ergonomi postur kerja dan tingkat keparahan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) pada petani penyadap karet. Metode analisis postur yang digunakan adalah Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), dikombinasikan dengan metode Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) pada petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko ergonomi postur kerja petani berada pada level 4 dengan skor REBA 12 artinya memiliki risiko yang sangat tinggi. Tingkat keparahan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) yang dirasakan oleh petani yaitu sangat sakit sebesar 77% pada leher bawah dan pinggang,  66% pada leher atas,  serta 55% pada punggung dan betis.
Analysis of Nasolabial & Nasofacial Angles between Bengali & Manipuri Adult Males of Bangladesh: A Photo-Anthropometric Study
Authors: Pathan Md Azmal Khan , Paul Pankaj , Akhter Najnin , Choudhury Sudipta , Das Anamika , Hasan Abul
Published: July 2024

Background: Photo anthropometry is the scientific procedure that comprise using photographs to deal with the study of different proportion of body parts and completed measures that differ broadly among racial groups. This study was done to found the photo-anthropometric difference by measuring nasolabial and nasofacial angles of external nose between Bengali and Manipuri adult male of Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet from January 2022 to December 2022. Fifty (50) Bengali and fifty (50) Manipuri adult males ranging from 25 to 59 years age group were selected through convenient sampling. Photo-anthropometric methods were used for collecting data from Sylhet region. Values of the study were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Two samples mean "Z" test was used to compare the results between groups.
Results: Between the two ethnic groups Bengali and Manipuri, the angular dimensions of external nose, nasolabial angle (P ≤ 0.05) was significantly higher in Manipuri adult males. On the other hand, the nasofacial angle (P≤0.05) was significantly higher in Bengali adult males.
Conclusion: The result of the present study will play an important role in Anatomy, Plastic Surgery, Forensic Medicine, Genetics and Anthropology for identifications, adopting corrective surgical procedures, preparing nasal models for different ethnicity group.
BJME, Volume-15, Issue-02, July 2024: 52-59
AN INVESTIGATION OF STUDENT'S PERFORMANCE IN USING COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES IN WRITING AT EFL CLASSROOM
Authors: Daud Abdulhalim , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Octasary Magvirah
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the challenges faced by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students in using compound-complex sentences in their writing. The research aims to shed light on the difficulties encountered by EFL students when combining independent and dependent clauses with coordinating conjunctions to form compound-complex sentences. The study also explores the impact of mastering compound-complex sentences on EFL students' comprehension of literature texts. Through a mixed-method approach, including tests and interviews, the research analyzes the performance of EFL students in organizing complex and compound sentences and their ability to convert compound sentences into compound-complex ones. The findings reveal the obstacles EFL students encounter in structuring sentences and developing ideas in paragraphs, particularly when attempting to use compound-complex sentences. The study underscores the importance of sentence structure in effective writing and its influence on text clarity, coherence, and overall impact. The implications of this research extend to teaching and learning strategies in EFL classrooms, aiming to enhance students' writing capabilities and comprehension of literature texts.
When Do Firms Pay Deferred Income Taxes?
Authors: Oler Derek K. , Oler Mitchell J.
Published: July 2024

Deferred tax expense reflects temporary timing differences based on differences between when an item is recognized for accounting purposes and when the same item is recognized for tax purposes. Although in theory temporary differences will reverse, the timing of the reversals are uncertain. On average, deferred income tax expense for most firms is associated with relatively small future cash payments over the two years following deferred tax expense recognition, and a large portion of deferred tax expense does not result in future tax payments in a systematic manner. Firms with high growth in property, plant, and equipment are able to defer income tax indefinitely.
Revisiting the Portfolio Diversification Impact of Farmland
Authors: Lavelle Brian A. , Yamamoto Katherine
Published: July 2024

We examine the impact of farmland within a mixed asset portfolio consisting of U.S. stocks, bonds, Treasury Bills, real estate, and gold to determine farmland’s diversification benefits. Farmland returns are proxied via a U.S. Farmland Real Estate Investment Trust (F-REIT). Using both constrained and unconstrained asset allocation assumptions, we employ Markowitz Portfolio Optimization resulting in various asset allocation outcomes. We find farmland to be a suboptimal choice within a well-diversified portfolio despite possessing a low correlation with the other assets. By revisiting the portfolio impact of farmland, our results update findings in the literature which have been mixed and inactive in recent years. Additionally, our findings have meaningful implications for the average investor who is considering allocating investment into farmland.
The Return of the State and Its Alla Turca Version
Authors: İzmen Ümit , Özel Soli
Published: July 2024

Economic nationalism and state intervention recently gained attraction in many countries including Turkey. This paper questions whether Turkey has changed its economic policy framework towards a statecentric model and, if so, whether these changes are well thought-out and sustainable. The examination of key areas of state capitalism, that is the monetary, industrial, trade, financial, and state economic enterprise (SEE) policies put forward in the officially adopted five-year plans and annual programs, suggests that the changes in the economic policy framework began after the 2008 global crisis and accelerated after the transition to a presidential system. Upon examination, the policy framework does not reflect a definitive, coherent, and wholistic approach but rather a pragmatic attitude that swings back and forth, which exposes the country to swings in the global system.
RELATIONSHIP OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION (CASE STUDY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SURABAYA)
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Mettan Santho Vlennery , Rahmawati Veronika ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: July 2024

The nation's progress can be measured by the number of students who are educated to a high level and understand the importance of entrepreneurship. This approach aligns with the Government's development plan and can be realized with the support of students who venture into entrepreneurship. High school students are fully capable of becoming entrepreneurs since they are the future drivers of the economy. The Government provides support through the National Entrepreneurship Movement (GKN) Program, which is implemented cohesively by all ministries, led by the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs. The Ministry of National Education is one of the participating ministries in the program. This study investigates the factors influencing high school students' entrepreneurial intention regarding attitudes towards entrepreneurship by analyzing the impact of entrepreneurial education in Surabaya. The technique used is multiple regression analysis using the mediator variable, using a questionnaire distributed to high school students in Surabaya with 153 participants. The results showed that out of the 4 hypotheses, 2 hypotheses have been accepted, and 2 hypotheses have been rejected. For the hypothesized mediation relationship does not occur. Therefore, the relationship is a direct relationship between the attitude toward entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention. The follow-up research plan will include new variables and more diverse subjects.
MENGULIK FUNGSI PENGAWASAN INSPEKTORAT DAERAH KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Habibah Gaffar Ummu , Armin Rizka Amelia , Iskandar Dian
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk engulik fungsi pengawasan yang berlangsung di Inspektorat Daerah terhadap pelaksanaan tata kelola pemerintahan Kota Kendari yang masih menyisahkan permasalahan intern sebagai institusi yang bertanggung jawab melaksanakan fungsi pengawasan. Kurangnya sumber daya manusia, ketersedian anggaran danetepatan waktu penyelesaian pengawasan menjadi permasalahan pada pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan Inspektorat Kota Kendari. Kondisi ini menarik untuk diulik lebih lanjut yang dituangkan melalui penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode campuran yang merupakan pendekatan penelitian yang mengkombinasikan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan kuesioner. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aparatur pengawas dalam hal ini Inspektorat Daerah Kota Kendari telah melaksanakan fungsi pengawasan dengan efektif dengan berpedoman pada standar operasional pengawasan serta telah sesuai dengan peraturan berlaku yang tentunya juga akan mempengaruhi setiap unit yang diperiksa untuk selalu meningkatkan kualitas kinerjanya, khususnya dalam tertib administrasi dan tata kelola keuangan pemerintahan sehingga wajar jika Kota Kendari mendapatkan opini wajar tanpa pengecualian selama sembilan tahun berturut-turut dari tahun 2013-2021.
Implementasi Ta’zir Dalam Peningkatan Kesadaran Diri Santri (Studi Kasus Di Pondok Pesantren Putri Walisongo Cukir Jombang)
Authors: Wan Nurlaila Putri  , Aida Arini
Published: July 2024

Adanya sebuah  hukuman (ta’zir) di pondok pesantren memang dinilai bisa mampu memberikan rasa jera kepada santri hingga para santri tidak dengan sengaja untuk melanggar aturan yang telah ada di pondok, tujuan dari ta’zir adalah untuk mencegah timbulnya perilaku buruk dan untuk menanamkan sikap disiplin pada santri. Agar ta’zir bisa menjadi  efektif, ta’zir (hukuman) seharusnya kekuatan yang besar dan tegas akan tetapi tetap tidak membuat santri merasa menderita dan tersiksa. Persoalan yang dibahas dalam artikel ini adalah a) bagaimana bentu-bentuk ta’zir di PPP Walisongo Cukir Jombang b) bagaimana implementasi ta’zir dalam meningkatkan kesadaran diri santri c) bagaimana bentuk kesadaran diri santri. Adapun jenis penelitian yang peneliti pakai adalah kualitatif, pada metode pendekatan studi kasus. Informan dari penelitian ini terdiri dari, pembimbing lembaga madrasah hifdzil qur’an, ketua mabna lembaga madrasah hifdzil qur’an, pengurus bidang Kamanan madrasah hifdzil qur’an, dan dua santri madrasah hifdzil qur’an. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa di PPP Walisongo Cukir Jombang khususnya lembaga madrasah hifdzil qur’an(mhq) a). bentuk-bentuk ta’zirannya ada yang ringan, sedang, dan berat b). impelementasi ta’zirannya  melalui beberapa tahap seperti peneguran, pencatatan, pemanggilan, pelaksaanan ta’zir. Dilakukan secara perorangan dan berkelompok.dan tentunya memiliki beberapa kendala seperti tempat, waktu, dan santri itu sendiri c). bentuk kesadaran diri santri adalah mandiri dalam beribadah dan dalam peraturan, bertanggung jawab serta intropeksi diri.
Praktik Hutang Piutang Dalam Jual Beli Kebutuhan Pokok Di Warung Pojok Bu Umi Jombang Perspektif Hukum Bisnis Syariah
Authors: Hikmah Usulul hikmah , Norma Fitria
Published: July 2024

Dalam kehidupan manusia sejatinya tidak pernah lepas dari kegiatan bermuamalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Muamalah merupakan pergaulan hidup setiap orang yang melakukan perbuatan sosisal dengan orang lain yang nantinya akan menimbulkan suatu hak dan kewajiban. Hutang piutang ini merupakan tindakan terpuji karena terdapat sifat tolong-menolong antar sesama yang saling membutuhkan, karena kita hidup di anjurkan untuk saling membantu penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisa induktif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari memang sangat bermanfaat adanya warung pojok Bu Umi yang memberikan hutang kepada pelanggannya tetapi penjual tetap mencatat dalam pembukuannya agar dapat dingatkan untuk membayar hutang, tetapi pembeli atau yang memiliki hutang tidak terlalu lama dalam membayar hutang ke warung pojok Bu Umi. (2) Jika mengacu pada perspektif Hukum Bisnis Syariah tentunya  sudah termasuk di dalamnya karena sudah melakukan secara akad yang sama kedua belah pihak tidak merasa terpaksa, dan penjual juga mencatat apa yang di ambil oleh pembeli, adapun akad yang di lakukan oleh keduanya secara lisan yang mana hal ini tentu sering dilakukan oleh setiap pelanggan yang berhutang di warung pojok Bu Umi.
Effect of Puerperal Exercises and Auricular Acupressure on Uterine Involution
Authors: Rahmadini Fhadilah , Elly Nur , Buston Erni , Yovalwan Tahratul , Rahmadani Wahyudi
Published: July 2024

The process of uterine involution in postpartum mothers does not always proceed smoothly, potentially leading to subinvolution of the uterus and postpartum hemorrhage. This study aims to determine the influence of puerperal exercises and auricular acupressure on uterine involution in postpartum mothers. The research utilized a quasi-experimental design with a post-test only control group. The study was conducted in Bengkulu City. The sample consisted of 40 postpartum mothers, divided into 20 respondents in the intervention group receiving a combination of puerperal exercises and auricular acupressure, and 20 respondents in the control group receiving only puerperal exercises. Sampling technique was done through purposive sampling. The instruments used were a measuring tape and a questionnaire. Data analysis employed independent T-test. The results indicate a decrease in the height of the uterine fundus in both intervention and control groups, but the decrease in uterine involution was more significant in the intervention group (p=0.000). The study concludes that there is an influence of the combination of puerperal exercises and auricular acupressure on reducing uterine involution in postpartum mothers.
On the use of the local reflection coefficient to assess the diffuse field sound absorption coefficient of a porous material
Authors: Sgard Franck , Atalla Noureddine , Robin Olivier
Published: July 2024

The diffuse field sound absorption coefficient (SAC) of a sound absorber can be obtained from an average over the incidence angles of the oblique incidence plane wave SAC. The plane wave SAC can be derived from the plane wave complex-valued reflection coefficient defined as the ratio of the reflected sound pressure at a given point on the material surface to the incident sound pressure at the same point. In practice, the material is excited by a monopole, and the reflection coefficient becomes a local quantity which is a function of the source height and the radial distance from the source. This local reflection coefficient obtained at various points on the material surface is commonly used to approximate the oblique incidence plane wave reflection coefficient. The error in estimating the diffuse field SAC introduced by this approximation has not been explored in the literature. This paper investigates this error as a function of the material extent, thickness, and source height using an analytical approach to calculate the local reflection coefficient. The calculation is based on Allard’s model which describes the sound propagation above an infinite lateral extent porous material backed by a rigid wall and excited by a monopole. Using finite element simulations as a reference, the analytical model is shown to provide a good approximation of the diffuse field sound absorption performance of sufficiently large material areas. The diffuse field SAC calculated from plane wave reflection coefficients and local reflection coefficient are compared. The limitations inherent in deriving diffuse field SACs from local reflection measurements obtained with a monopole are highlighted.
Immunoregulatory paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells and mechanism in the treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Xiuzhi , Liu Tianhao , Ran Chunxiao , Wang Weidan , Piao Fengyuan , Yang Jiahui , Tian Simiao , Li Lu , Zhao Dewei
Published: July 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease caused by chronic inflammation that damages articular cartilage. At present, the treatment of OA includes drug therapy to relieve symptoms and joint replacement therapy for advanced OA. However, these palliatives cannot truly block the progression of the disease from the immunological pathogenesis of OA. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has shown great potential in tissue engineering repair. In addition, many studies have shown that BMSC paracrine signals play an important role in the treatment of OA through immune regulation and suppressing inflammation. At present, the mechanism of inflammation-induced OA and the use of BMSC transplantation in joint repair have been reviewed, but the mechanism and significance of BMSC paracrine signals in the treatment of OA have not been fully reviewed. Therefore, this article focused on the latest research progress on the paracrine effects of BMSCs in the treatment of OA and the related mechanisms by which BMSCs secrete cytokines to inhibit the inflammatory response, regulate immune balance, and promote cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition, the application potential of BMSC-Exos as a new type of cell-free therapy for OA is described. This review aimed to provide systematic theoretical support for the clinical application of BMSC transplantation in the treatment of OA.
Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor-related atrial fibrillation and its implications in the treatment of B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Du Jun , Chen Ze-Yu , Gu Xiao-Ran , Wang Ting , Huang Zou-Fang
Published: July 2024

Adverse events of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been commonly reported in lymphoma patients in treating Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi). The incidence rate of AF can vary depending on the specific types of BTKi and the patient population. Totally 45 published studies have revealed that the overall incidence rate of AF is 5% (95% CI 4%–7%). By performing a subtype single-rate analysis, the second-generation BTKi shows a lower AF incidence rate and lower cardiovascular toxicity. In the subtype single-rate analysis, we conclude the different AF incidence rates of Ibrutinib (10%, 95% CI 7%–13%), Acalabrutinib (4%, 95% CI 1%–6%), Orelabrutinib (0%, 95% CI 0%–1%), and Zanubrutinib (0%, 95% CI 0%–1%). The comprehensive analysis of AF inspires us to better predict and manage AF and other cardiovascular events in treating lymphoma. Meticulous evaluation, collaboration between cardiologists and hematologists, and discovery of new biomarkers are essential for its management.
Simulation and prediction of dynamic process of loess landslide and its impact damage to houses
Authors: Zhao Zhou , Zhang Yuhan , Chen Xing , Wei Jiangbo , Ma Jianquan , Tang Hao , Liu Fei
Published: July 2024

The mountainous areas of the Loess Plateau in China are crisscrossed with ravines, fragile ecological environment, and frequent landslide hazards. Landslides often cause building collapses and casualties, seriously affecting the sustainability of economic and social development in the region. In order to study the damage of loess landslides to village and town buildings, the paper takes the Xingwang landslide in Fugu County, Shaanxi Province, China as an example, and uses discrete element method and finite element method to study the dynamic process of landslide and its damage to houses. Firstly, the geological characteristics of the landslide were identified by means of investigation, surveying, engineering exploration and geotechnical testing. Secondly, a three-dimensional numerical model of the landslide area was established by using the particle flow code system (PFC3D). Finally, the entire movement process of the landslide was simulated, and the impact damage to houses induced from landslide was analyzed and predicted. The results show that the whole movement of the landslide lasted a total of 180 s, with a maximum average velocity of 2.01 m/s and a maximum average displacement of 73.7 m. The first and second rows of houses located at the foot of the landslide will suffer serious damage, with most bricks displacement ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 m and a maximum displacement of 10.3 m, posing a serious safety risk to the houses. Only a portion of the third row houses will be damaged, and the fourth row houses will not be threatened by landslide. By comparing with the prediction results of other methods and the current situation of buildings deformation, the results of this paper have a certain credibility. This study provides a numerical method for quantitative assessment of the risk and building damage for loess landslide, which can be used as a reference. It also provides technical support for formulating hazard prevention and reduction plans for the Xingwang landslide.
Soil sorption and effects on soil microorganisms of thymol and carvacrol monoterpenes from essential oils of aromatic plants
Authors: Thiele-Bruhn Sören , Shikuku Victor , Dittrich Felix , Torjir Doosuur Naomi , Saini Mitali , Getenga Zachary
Published: July 2024

To increase the biodiversity of agricultural systems, aromatic plants appear particularly promising as additional perennial crops in intercropping. They produce essential oils that contain monoterpenes, for example. These compounds have antibiotic properties that make them interesting for commercialisation as medicinal or pesticide products, but also carry the risk of undesirable effects on soil microorganisms and thus on essential soil functions. To investigate this, the monoterpenes thymol and carvacrol and a set of four typical agricultural soils were selected and soil sorption batch tests and soil toxicity tests were carried out to determine dose-response relationships. Sorption followed second order kinetics and was best described at equilibrium by the non-linear BET isotherm that distinguishes between monolayer and multilayer sorption of the non-polar compounds. While the kinetics were very fast with rate constants of 1.66 × 10−4 and 0.70 × 10−4 min−1 for thymol and carvacrol, the strength of sorption remained quite low (Kd 1.93–3.69), indicating a high mobility and bioavailability of the monoterpenes. In addition, the relation to single soil properties remained low, indicating a multivariate impact of several soil properties. Although thymol and carvacrol are isomeric compounds, they differed in the rate and strength of sorption as well as in the effects on five selected soil microbiological enzyme activities. In particular, carvacrol caused inhibition of enzyme activities, whereas thymol did not produce measurable or relevant effects in all cases. The effect concentrations of 10% and 25% percent inhibition (EC10, EC25) ranged from <1 µg to several grams per Gram of soil and hormesis effects were also observed at low concentrations. On the one hand, this indicates only low toxicity; on the other hand, several of the defined effect thresholds can be reached or exceeded by expected environmental concentrations. This may harbour a risk of adverse effects, but may also have a phytosanitary effect, which requires further research.
Chronic hepatitis E virus-induced spinal cord atrophy in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia: a case report and interdisciplinary management proposal
Authors: Ritter Marvin , Yomade Olaposi , Holtz Ben-Ole , Deinhardt-Emmer Stefanie , McLean Aaron Lawson , Hartinger Stefanie , Bechwar Julia , Schwab Matthias , Huss André , Mawrin Christian , Axer Hubertus , Schrenk Karin G. , Reuken Philipp A. , Mäurer Irina
Published: July 2024

Background

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause acute viral hepatitis with or without neurological manifestations, and occasionally progresses to chronic infection in immunocompromised individuals. The management of chronic HEV infection in cancer patients may be challenging due to the complex immunological constellation. Furthermore, the diagnostic workflow and the impact on quality of life of neurological HEV manifestations in immunocompromised patients have not been sufficiently delineated previously.

Case description

A 61-year-old male with systemically treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) experienced a slowly progressive atrophy of the spinal cord due to a chronic HEV infection. Despite continuous antiviral treatment with ribavirin, the patient’s neurological condition continued to deteriorate, particularly following subsequent attempts to treat CLL. Treatment with obinutuzumab resulted in acute bowel and urinary retention and a further deterioration of motor skills, prompting the discontinuation of obinutuzumab. The patient’s neurological status improved after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulins.

Conclusion

This case study provides a comprehensive long-term follow-up of a cancer patient with chronic HEV infection and associated CNS involvement, which resulted in progressive neurological disability over several years. The challenges faced in diagnosing new neurological symptoms in patients undergoing immunosuppressive cancer treatment underscore the need for an interdisciplinary diagnostic approach that includes HEV testing. We propose a diagnostic pathway for future validation in immunocompromised cohorts presenting with neurological symptoms, emphasizing its potential to enhance clinical outcomes.
Efficacy assessment of liposome crosslinked hyaluronic acid and standard hyaluronic acid eye drops for dry eye disease management: a comparative study employing the ocular surface analyzer and subjective questionnaires
Authors: Sánchez-González José-María , De-Hita-Cantalejo Concepción , González-Rodríguez María Luisa , Fernández-Trueba-Fagúndez Ana , Ballesteros-Sánchez Antonio , Martinez-Perez Clara , Caro-Díaz Romina , Guzman Carla Montiel , González-Oyarce María Fernanda , Sánchez-González María Carmen
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent condition causing ocular discomfort and visual disturbances, often managed with artificial tears. This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of eye drops containing Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid (CHA) with liposomes and crocin and standard Hyaluronic Acid (HA) for DED management.

Methods

A single-blind, longitudinal study was conducted on 24 participants (48 eyes), randomized to receive one of the two treatments. Ocular health measures, including the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and the standard patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) scores, were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks post-treatment using the Ocular Surface Analyzer.

Results

CHA achieved a lipid layer thickness increase of 1.29 ± 1.08 Guillon pattern degree (p < 0.01), FNIBUT increase 0.64 ± 0.77 s (p < 0.01), MNIBUT increase1.28 ± 4.74 s (p = 0.19), OSDI decrease 11.72 ± 6.73 score points (p < 0.01) and SPEED decrease 1.16 ± 5.05 score points (p = 0.27). Significant reductions in the OSDI and SPEED scores post-treatment were observed with both treatments, indicating their effectiveness.

Conclusion

CHA with liposomes exhibits superior efficacy compared to standard HA eye drops in the management of DED. These findings highlight the potential for personalized treatment strategies incorporating CHA, indicating a more effective approach to DED management. However, further research is required to validate these results and investigate the long-term effects, which may pave the way for a data-driven and optimized approach to managing DED.
Dazomet fumigation modification of the soil microorganism community and promotion of Panax notoginseng growth
Authors: Lin Ya-meng , Li Ming-hua , Dai Chun-yan , Liu Yuan , Zhang Wen-ping , Yang Qian , Cui Xiu-ming , Yang Ye
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Panax notoginseng, a medicinal herb in China, is attacked by several pathogens during its cultivation. Dazomet (DZ) is a soil fumigant that is effective in controlling soil-borne pathogens, but its long-term effects on P. notoginseng growth and soil properties are unknown.

Methods

We conducted field experiments over two consecutive years to assess the impact of three concentrations of DZ fumigation (35 kg/666.7 m2, 40 kg/666.7 m2, and 45 kg/666.7 m2) on soil physicochemical properties, microbial diversity, and P. notoginseng growth. Correlation analyses were performed between microbial community changes and soil properties, and functional predictions for soil microorganisms were conducted.

Results

DZ fumigation increased total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, available potassium, and ammonia nitrogen levels in the soil. DZ fumigation promoted the nutrient accumulation and improvement of agronomic traits of P. notoginseng, resulted in a 2.83–3.81X yield increase, with the highest total saponin content increasing by 24.06%. And the 40 kg/666.7 m2 treatment had the most favorable impact on P. notoginseng growth and saponin accumulation. After DZ fumigation, there was a decrease in the relative abundance of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium, Plectosphaerella, and Ilyonectria, while beneficial bacteria such as Ramlibacter, Burkholderia, and Rhodanobacteria increased. The effects of fumigation on soil microorganisms and soil physicochemical properties persisted for 18 months post-fumigation. DZ fumigation enhanced the relative abundance of bacteria involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, reduced the relative abundance of plant–animal pathogenic fungi, reduced the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.

Conclusion

In conclusion, DZ fumigation enhanced soil physicochemical properties, increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria in the soil, and rebalanced soil microorganism populations, consequently improving the growth environment of P. notoginseng and enhancing its growth, yield, and quality. This study offers a theoretical foundation for DZ fumigation as a potential solution to the continuous cropping issue in perennial medicinal plants such as P. notoginseng.
A lag bloom pattern of phytoplankton after freshwater input events revealed by daily samples during summer in Qinhuangdao coastal water, China
Authors: Wang Gang , He Yike , Chen Zuoyi , Liu Huixin , Wang Qiuzhen , Peng Chu , Zhang Jiabo
Published: July 2024

Phytoplankton blooms have become a global concern due to their negative impacts on public health, aquaculture, tourism, and the economic stability of coastal regions. Therefore, elucidating the shifts in phytoplankton community structure and abundance, as well as their environmental drivers, is crucial. However, existing studies often fail to capture the detailed dynamics of phytoplankton blooms and their environmental triggers due to low temporal observation resolution. In this study, high temporal resolution (daily) samples were collected over 43 days to investigate the influence of environmental factors on phytoplankton in Qinhuangdao in the summer. During the observation period, a total of 45 phytoplankton species were identified, comprising 26 Bacillariophyta species, 16 Dinophyta species, 2 Euglenophyta species, and 1 Chromophyta species. Interestingly, a lag bloom pattern of phytoplankton behind freshwater input was observed across day-to-day samples. Phytoplankton blooms typically lagged 1–3 days behind periods of decreased salinity and nutrient input, suggesting that freshwater influx provides the foundational materials and benefits for these blooms. Moreover, the phytoplankton blooms were triggered by six dominant species, i.e., Chaetoceros spp., Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Skeletonema costatum, Protoperdinium spp., Leptocylindrus minimus, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, and Thalassiosira spp. Consequently, the succession of phytoplankton showed a predominant genera shift in the following sequence: Nitzschia, Protoperdinium, and Prorocentrum – Skeletonema – Pseudo-nitzschia – Gymnodinium – Leptocylindrus. Besides that, a deterministic process dominated phytoplankton community assembly across time series, and DIP is a key factor in shifting the phytoplankton community structures in this area. In summary, our study offers high-resolution observations on the succession of phytoplankton communities and sheds light on the complex and differentiated responses of phytoplankton to environmental factors. These findings enhance our understanding of the dynamics of phytoplankton blooms and their environmental drivers, which is essential for the effective management and mitigation of their adverse impacts.
Deepening insights into cholinergic agents for intraocular pressure reduction: systems genetics, molecular modeling, and in vivo perspectives
Authors: Kim Minjae J. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Jablonski Monica M.
Published: July 2024

Parasympathetic activation in the anterior eye segment regulates various physiological functions. This process, mediated by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, also impacts intraocular pressure (IOP) through the trabecular meshwork. While FDA-approved M3 muscarinic receptor (M3R) agonists exist for IOP reduction, their systemic cholinergic adverse effects pose limitations in clinical use. Therefore, advancing our understanding of the cholinergic system in the anterior segment of the eye is crucial for developing additional IOP-reducing agents with improved safety profiles. Systems genetics analyses were utilized to explore correlations between IOP and the five major muscarinic receptor subtypes. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were applied to human M3R homology model using a comprehensive set of human M3R ligands and 1,667 FDA-approved or investigational drugs. Lead compounds from the modeling studies were then tested for their IOP-lowering abilities in mice. Systems genetics analyses unveiled positive correlations in mRNA expressions among the five major muscarinic receptor subtypes, with a negative correlation observed only in M3R with IOP. Through modeling studies, rivastigmine and edrophonium emerged as the most optimally suited cholinergic drugs for reducing IOP via a potentially distinct mechanism from pilocarpine or physostigmine. Subsequent animal studies confirmed comparable IOP reductions among rivastigmine, edrophonium, and pilocarpine, with longer durations of action for rivastigmine and edrophonium. Mild cholinergic adverse effects were observed with pilocarpine and rivastigmine but absent with edrophonium. These findings advance ocular therapeutics, suggesting a more nuanced role of the parasympathetic system in the anterior eye segment for reducing IOP than previously thought.
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease: focus on the relationship between miRNAs and microglia
Authors: Xu Ke , Li Yuan , Zhou Yan , Zhang Yu , Shi Yue , Zhang Chengguang , Bai Yan , Wang Shun
Published: July 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS). Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the pathological advancement of PD. PD is characterized by the presence of activated microglia and increased levels of proinflammatory factors, which play a crucial role in its pathology. During the immune response of PD, microglia regulation is significantly influenced by microRNA (miRNA). The excessive activation of microglia, persistent neuroinflammation, and abnormal polarization of macrophages in the brain can be attributed to the dysregulation of certain miRNAs. Additionally, there are miRNAs that possess the ability to inhibit neuroinflammation. miRNAs, which are small non-coding epigenetic regulators, have the ability to modulate microglial activity in both normal and abnormal conditions. They also have a significant impact on promoting communication between neurons and microglia.
Voluntary wheel running access produces opposite effects in male and female rats on both palatable diet consumption and associated ventral striatal opioid- and dopamine-related gene expression
Authors: Kocum Courtney G. , Cam Yonca , Shay Dusti A. , Schweizer Tim A. , Konrad Ella R. , Houska Tabitha K. , Sardina Carlos A. , Schachtman Todd R. , Vieira-Potter Victoria J. , Will Matthew J.
Published: July 2024

The relationship between physical activity levels and feeding behaviors has been a focus of preclinical research for decades, yet this interaction has only recently been explored for potential sex differences. The aim of the present study was to isolate sex-dependent effects of voluntary wheel running (RUN) vs. sedentary locked wheel (SED) home cage conditions on palatability-driven feeding behavior using a 2-diet choice task between standard chow and a high-fat diet. The sex-dependent effects of physical activity on feeding behavior were examined following a within-subject novel reversal design of physical activity conditions (i.e., RUN > SED > RUN), to assess temporal sensitivity of the interaction. Following the final 2 weeks of reestablished and sustained RUN vs. SED conditions in separate groups of both males and females, reward-related opioid and dopamine gene expression within the nucleus accumbens (Acb) brain region were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the initial RUN > SED transition led to sex-dependent effects of SED condition, as males increased, and females decreased their high fat consumption, compared to their respective high fat consumption during previous RUN condition phase. Following reintroduction to the RUN condition, males decreased, and females increased their high fat consumption, compared to their separate SED control group. Last, sex-dependent shifts in ventral striatal opioid- and dopamine-related gene expression were observed to parallel the behavioral effects. The major findings of the study reveal that SED and RUN home cage conditions shift palatability-driven feeding in the opposite direction for males and females, these effects are sensitive to reversal, and these sex-dependent feeding behaviors track sex-dependent changes to critical reward-related gene expression patterns in the Acb. Considering the present high rates of sedentary behavior and obesity, furthering our understanding of the interaction between physical activity (or lack thereof) and feeding behavior should be a priority, especially in the context of these divergent sex-dependent outcomes.
Muscular toxicity of colchicine combined with statins: a real-world study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database from 2004–2023
Authors: Liu Ying , Wei Chunyan , Yuan Yanling , Zou Dan , Wu Bin
Published: July 2024

Background

Through an analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), we explored the signal strength of adverse reactions (ADRs) related to myopathy caused by the combination of colchicine and statins and gained insight into the characteristics of these myopathy related ADRs.

Methods

We extracted data from the FAERS database about ADRs in individuals with myopathy resulting from the combination of colchicine and statins. The analysis was conducted for the period spanning from January 2004 to December 2023 using the reported odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) methods to assess muscle-related ADR signals.

Results

A total of 18,386 reports of statin myopathy-associated adverse reactions, 348 colchicine myopathy-associated adverse reactions, and 461 muscle-associated adverse reactions due to the combination of the two were collected; the strongest signals of statin myotoxicity events were for necrotizing myositis (ROR 50.47, 95% CL 41.74–61.01; IC 3.70 95% CL 3.25–4.08); the strongest signal for colchicine myotoxicity events was toxic myopathy (ROR 32.50, 95% CL 19.74–53.51; IC 4.97 95% CL 1.89–5.10), and the strongest signal for statins combined with colchicine was toxic myopathy (ROR 159.85, 95% CL 111.60–228.98; IC 7.22 95% CL 3.59–5.9); muscle-related adverse reactions signals were meaningful when the two drugs were combined in the order of colchicine combined with fluvastatin (ROR 187.38, 95% CL 96.68–363.17; IC 6.99 95% CL 1.65–5.68); colchicine combined with simvastatin in 135 cases (ROR 30.08. 95% CL 25.25–35.85; IC 4.80 95% CL 3.96–5.12); and colchicine combined with rosuvastatin (ROR 25.73, 95% CL 20.16–32.83; IC 4.59 95% CL 3.38–4.98) versus colchicine combined with atorvastatin (ROR 25.73, 95% CL 22.33–29.66; IC 4.59 95% CL 3.97–4.91) with almost identical signal intensity, followed by colchicine combined with pravastatin (ROR 13.67, 95% CL 9.17–20.37; IC 3.73 95% CL 1.87–4.47), whereas no signals were generated for lovastatin or pitavastatin.

Conclusion

Similar ADRs can occur when colchicine and statins are used individually or in combination; however, the strength of these reactions may differ. To minimize the risk of drug interactions, statins with less potential interactions, such as lovastatin, pitavastatin, and pravastatin, should be chosen, and myopathy-related indices and symptoms should be closely monitored during use.
The therapeutic potential of gelsolin in attenuating cytokine storm, ARDS, and ALI in severe COVID-19
Authors: Zhi Juan , Zhao Kai-Xuan , Liu Ju-Hui , Yang Dong , Deng Xiao-Ming , Xu Jin , Zhang Haoyue
Published: July 2024

Severe COVID-19 cases often progress to life-threatening conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Gelsolin (GSN), an actin-binding protein with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, is a promising therapeutic target for severe COVID-19. Plasma GSN levels are significantly decreased in critical illnesses, including COVID-19, correlating with dysregulated immune responses and poor outcomes. GSN supplementation may mitigate acute lung injury, ARDS, and sepsis, which share pathophysiological features with severe COVID-19, by scavenging actin, modulating cytokine production, enhancing macrophage phagocytosis, and stabilizing the alveolar-capillary barrier. Preliminary data indicate that recombinant human plasma GSN improves oxygenation and lung function in severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS. Although further research is needed to optimize GSN therapy, current evidence supports its potential to mitigate severe consequences of COVID-19 and improve patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological characteristics, mechanisms, and therapeutic value of GSN in severe COVID-19.
The methodology of resistance training is crucial for improving short-medium distance front crawl performance in competitive swimmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Guoli , Jin Yangqin , Zhang Haoyang , Fu Xueying , Yang Yong , Lin Shu-Cheng
Published: July 2024

Background

Resistance training is often a part of the routine training regimen for competitive swimmers. However, due to the variety of resistance training methodology, the results can be inconsistent and sometimes unsatisfactory. Clear recommendations are still lacking at present.

Aims

1) Quantify the impact of resistance training on swimmers’ upper limb maximum strength, front crawl performance and key technical parameters; 2) Find out the key technical parameters for improving front crawl performance—stroke rate or length; 3) Through subgroup analysis determine the best methodology of resistance training to enhance the front crawl.

Methods

Systematic search in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analyses using the inverse-variance are performed to compare swimmers’ upper limb maximum strength, front crawl performance and key technical parameters in resistance training and habitual aquatic training. A subgroup analysis was performed to examine whether the results were affected by the methodology of resistance training.

Results

Thirteen studies (267 competitive swimmers) met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis showed that resistance training significantly improved upper limbs maximum muscle strength, and 25, 50, 100, and 200 m front crawl performance in competitive swimmers. And improvements in swimming performance may simply resulted from resistance training increasing stroke rate rather than stroke length. In addition, the results of subgroup analysis showed that only concurrent resistance training (CRT) and power training (PT) ultimately improved swimming performance by increasing the maximum muscle strength of the upper limbs.

Conclusion

Resistance training significantly enhances competitive swimmers’ upper limb strength and front crawl performance across various distances. The improvement in performance is likely attributed to an increased stroke rate rather than stroke length. In addition, CRT and PT are particularly effective, indicating the importance of selecting the appropriate methodology of resistance training for optimal swimming performance enhancement.

Systematic review registration

https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3JEGW.