bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quetiapine induced ischemic colitis: about two cases
Authors: Martín M. , Molina Liétor M.D.C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Due to its anticholinergic action, antipsychotic drugs, especially phenothiazines and atypical antipsychotics, have been described as a rare cause of drug-induced ischemic colitis. We present two cases of patients that were admitted to the gastroenterology unit of a general hospital and were diagnosed of quetiapine-induced ischemic colitis.

Objectives

To describe an uncommon side effect of neuroleptic treatment.

Methods

Case report and literature review.

Results

First patient, aged 73, with history of dysthymia, in treatment with desvenlafaxine, quetiapine, ketazolam, lorazepam, enalapril/hidroclorothiazide, omeprazole, simvastatin, tramadol/paracetamol, alendronate/colecalciferol and hidroferol, consulted in the emergency room for malaise, disorientation, haematuria, abdominal pain and changes in deposition rhythm; family members admitted frequent use of higher than prescribed doses of quetiapine and benzodiazepines. Second patient, aged 63, with history of histrionic personality disorder, in psychopharmacologic treatment with venlafaxine, quetiapine, diazepam, fentanyl, rupatadine, cinitapride, omeprazole, levosulpiride, simvastatin, fluticasone/salmeterol and celecoxib, consulted for abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea. Colonoscopy findings in both of them were compatible with ischemic colitis. Quetiapine was withdrawn in both cases, as the main diagnostic hypothesis was quetiapine-induced ischemic colitis. The patients achieved full recovery.

Conclusions

Ischemic colitis is a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect of antipsychotic drugs, with clozapine being the most reported atypical antipsychotic thought to cause it. The risk associated with quetiapine is thought to be lower given its milder anticholinergic effect. Co-prescription with other drugs with anticholinergic actions increases the risk. Clinicians should be aware of this association and the onset of constipation should alert medical staff.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The cognitive effects of esketamine: what do we know so far?
Authors: Barbosa M. , Guedes R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Esketamine is an S-enantiomer of ketamine approved by the EMA for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). As an NMDA receptor antagonist, its administration results in increase of glutamate release and AMPA receptor activation, supporting both rapid-onset and long-term antidepressant effects. Short-term tolerability seems acceptable but major concerns remain regarding long-term safety, specifically regarding potential neurocognitive toxicity.

Objectives

To clarify the potential short and long-term cognitive beneficial-effects and side-effects of esketamine.

Methods

Research was made using the Medline database, through the Pubmed search engine, using the keywords: “esketamine”, “cognition”. Only randomized-controlled trials were considered.

Results

One study focused on the effects of intranasal esketamine (INE) on cognitive functioning in 24 healthy individuals, who were evaluated pre- and postdose (40 min, 2h, 4h and 6h). The results showed a decline in cognitive performance at 40 min postdose, returning to comparable levels as placebo by 2h postdose. Another study, with a follow-up of 1 year, involving 802 TRD patients, accessed the long-term safety of INE. In patients aged <65 years-old, performance on all cognitive tests remained stable or slightly improved from baseline during long-term treatment. In patients ≥ 65 years-old, the mean performance on all tests improved or remained stable, while the simple and choice reaction time began slowing at week 20.

Conclusions

Esketamine has proven to be a promising new option for the treatment of TRD and available studies have shown promising results regarding patients’ cognitive function. Larger clinical trials are needed to further evaluate its short-term and long-term cognitive effects.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Differences of use between paliperidone palmitate 3 month and paliperidone palmitate 1 month in real practice, with psychotic patients
Authors: Escobedo-Aedo P. , Merayo-Cano J. , Mata Iturralde L. , Muñoz Lorenzo L. , Ovejero S. , Sánchez Alonso S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Paliperidone palmitate 1-month (PP1M) is a Long-acting injectable antipsychotic formulation, approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Recently, paliperidone palmitate 3-months (PP3M) formulation was introduced, which maintains stability while offering a longer dosing interval for the maintenance treatment in patients previously treated with PP1M. Despite of this, many patients are treated with PP1M without transition to PP3M.

Objectives

To identify variables explaining maintenance of PP1M treatment instead of going to PP3M. We hypothesize that more severe patients are delayed in transition to PP3M because of expectation to complete stabilization.

Methods

A descriptive analysis of 123 patients, diagnosed with psychotic disorders, on treatment with paliperidone palmitate 1 month or 3 months, was performed. Age, sex, type of paliperidone treatment, hospitalizations after the initiaton of treatment, years since diagnosis, polytherapy and toxic habits were some of the variables measured and compared between both groups (PP1M and PP3M).

Results

Most of patients (63,41%) were on PP3M. Both groups shared characteristics like male sex predominance, schizophrenia as the most common diagnosis, having a recent onset diagnosis, same frequency of polypharmacy and same pattern of drug consumption. There was a slight difference between both groups regarding severity. PP1M and PP3M showed respectively 33% and 16,7% of admissions after initiation.

Conclusions

No clear pattern determines less transition to PP3M from PP1M. No statistical difference was found except form the difference found in admission after change of treatment (to PP1M or PP3M), which could reflect influence of severity in treatment. Future research is needed in order to better elucidate this association.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clozapine-induced myocarditis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Angélico Ferreira I. , González Fé M.A. , Marqués Pastor M.D.M. , Roset C. , Torres L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

We present the case of a male patient, 47 years old, diagnosed with schizophrenia, that was admitted at our hospital presenting a confusional state, with agitation, motor discoordination and difficulty breathing. At the blood analyses there was evidence of an increase in cardiac enzymes. The clinical manifestations had begun 5 days before, with slight leucocytosis showing in a routine blood test made after initiating clozapine, followed by fever, vomiting and progressive impairment of general clinical state.

Objectives

To describe a case of clozapine-induced myocarditis, which is a known, but rare, side effect of clozapine and to do a brief review of the existing knowledge on this matter.

Methods

The authors undertook an article review using PubMed database and a thorough analysis of the clinical case.

Results

The hypothesis of clozapine-induced myocarditis was the main diagnosis considered since the beginning, nevertheless, a thorough clinical examination and complementary tests were made and all the previous psychopharmacological treatment was suspended. The final diagnosis was based on the clinical presentation (fever, vomiting, shortness of breath, confusion and impairment of general state), the elevation of CRP, PCT and TnI and findings on echocardiogram that suggested myocarditis (moderate systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle due to global hypokinesia and a non dilated left ventricle).

Conclusions

The clinical manifestations observed, the results of the complementary diagnostic tests and the review of the existing literature, allowed to make the diagnosis of clozapine-induced myocarditis. We find of considerable importance to continue to publish and study this matter as it is still insufficiently known.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
TOO MUCH OF NOT ENOUGH: Exploring Lack of Fear and Its Consequences
Authors: Jesus S. , Costa A. , Simões G. , Dias Dos Santos G. , Almeida M. , Alcafache J. , Garrido P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Fear is an unpleasant emotional response to perceiving a threat causing physiological changes. Humans feel fear for positive motives, as it plays a crucial role in our survival. Just as the right balance in life is ideal, pathological fear is often described in one of its exaggerations, of having too much. However, lack of fear or “hypophobia” can be just as devastating and debilitating. This can be demonstrated in the analogy between those who feel no pain who also demonstrate increased risk and decreased life expectancy.

Objectives

The authors aim to explore the concept of fear, discussing currently known physiological mechanisms in order to explain the effects that alterations of these mechanisms can have on fear responses, namely lack of fear, and subsequently the consequence of this on mental health.

Methods

A brief non-systematized literature review was performed based on works most pertinent to the topic discussed.

Results

Muted fear responses have been mentioned in the literature, principally associated with medical conditions affecting the physiological fear pathways, including Urbach-Wiethe disease. Amygdala damage provokes abnormal fear reactions and reduced fear experience. This appears to be similar to what is seen in psychopathy, where abnormalities in the limbic system produce abnormal fear responses.

Conclusions

Any extreme can cause havoc on a well-balanced machine. Just as the excess of fear results in mental issues such as anxiety, a lack of fear can also be debilitating. Those demonstrating less fear could help investigators better understand mental health disorders that have been demonstrated to be mediated by similar processes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Electroconvulsive therapy for Depression in Anorexia Nervosa. A review
Authors: Azevedo F. , André R. , Donas-Boto I. , Jeremias D. , Almeida C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Anorexia nervosa has an important burden on both patients and families, with important comorbidities such as depression and obsessive symptoms. These are more resistant to pharmacological treatment than in non-anorexia patients, due to both biological and psychological mechanisms. Electroconvulsive therapy is the best available therapy for treatment resistant depression making it a treatment to consider in treatment resistant depression in anorexia though only case reports exist.

Objectives

To review the current evidence for electroconvulsive therapy of depression in patients with anorexia nervosa as well as it’s ethical challenges

Methods

Non-systematic review of the literature with selection of scientific articles published in the past 10 years; by searching Pubmed and Medscape databases using the combination of MeSH descriptors. The following MeSH terms were used: “electroconvulsive therapy”, “anorexia nervosa”.

Results

Electroconvulsive therapy in anorexia has no controlled trials with mostly case reports available on scientific databases. It presents important challenges due to patient age, medical status and ethical challenges. Even less evidence exist for electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents than for adults, anorexia can complicate medical status presenting an anesthetic and life-support challenge and it’s egosyntonicity can place a legal and ethical challenge when patient refuses treatment.

Conclusions

Anorexia has a dramatic burden on patients and families affected, with integrated evidence-based treatment being necessary both for treating the current episode and for remission prevention. Case-reports show that electroconvulsive therapy can play a role on treatment resistant depression in anorexia.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for catatonia– a case report
Authors: Licht C. , Fuchs S. , Ruttmann A. , Richter K. , Hillemacher T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Catatonia is one of the most common severe motor syndromes, with an estimated prevalence among psychiatric inpatients of about 15 %. Benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are the most widely studied treatment methods recommended as first-line therapy. We present the case of a 55-year-old female patient with paranoid schizophrenia and severe life-threatening catatonia who remitted under a short series of rTMS.

Objectives

s. Introduction

Methods

The point of resting motor threshold (RMT) for the musculus rectus femoris was determined for the left hemisphere. A straight line 3 cm anterior and parasagittal from that point defined the SMA. A total of three sessions, each with 1000 pulses at intensity 66 % of the RMT, were performed within 24 and 120 hours apart. Stimulation protocol was set to 1Hz in the area of the left SMA with 25 series of 40 pulses, pulse width 25 ms, angle of attack 45°. Hardware: MagVenture, 8-coil “cool-B65 butterfly-shaped coil from Medtronic.

Results

Within 24 hours after the first session, a marked improvement of catatonic symptoms like independent locomotion and verbal communication was recognized. One week after the whole rTMS treatment, a food intake without a gastric tube was possible.

Conclusions

The present case demonstrates that pronounced catatonia may be successfully treated with inhibitory rTMS. Our results underline the importance of non-invasive brain stimulation as a valuable addition to the existing treatment spectrum for catatonia. Future research is empowered to path the way for a significant expansion of treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Spiritually oriented therapy approach applying in complex rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Magay A. , Alieva L. , Nochevkina A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Numerous studies point to a high effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation using psychopharmacological treatment, psychosocial methods and spiritually oriented care technologies.

Objectives

Description of the experience of using a spiritually oriented approach in complex rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders.

Methods

Clinical, pathopsychological, statistic. The study involved two groups of patients with illness (ICD-10 F 20.04 – F 20.05, F25.х, F21.3-21.4, F 33.4, F31.7, F32.2 – 18 patients) and comorbid addictive disorders (ICD-10 F10.2х1- F10.2х2 - 17 patients). “The Social Adjustment Scale–Self-Report SAS-SR” (М. Weissman, S. Bothwell, 1976); “Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form health survey” (SF-36, John E.Ware, 1992); “Methodology of the severity of anti-drug potential” (Kopeyko G.I. et al, 2018); “The Scale of Religiosity” (Kaz’mina O.Y., 2000) were used to assess the effectiveness.

Results

All patients received psychopharmacological treatment and participated in rehabilitation work in patient community organizations using psychosocial and spiritually oriented therapy. The rehabilitation program included psychoeducation, skills training, group and individual psychotherapy, social activity. Spiritually oriented assistance was realized in the tradition of dialogical approach (Florenskaya T.A., 1992) and included conversations on Evangelical topics, work in therapeutic groups on the principles of a religious community. Longer remission times, a social functioning improvement, a tendency to change lifestyle based on the values of religious worldview, anti-drug potential increase and a higher understanding of religious life with an orientation towards internal religiosity were revealed among the participants of complex rehabilitation program.

Conclusions

Perspective of using biopsychosociospiritual approach in psychiatry in work with patients with schizophrenia and patients with comorbid addictive disorders was shown.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral group therapy for anxiety disorders: Therapists’ perception of group management in community-based care
Authors: Durand C. , Provencher M. , Norton P. , Roberge P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is recognized as an effective treatment for anxiety disorders. Transdiagnostic group CBT (tCBT) targets cognitive and behavioural intervention strategies common to anxiety disorders. tCBT allows the treatment of a larger number of patients simultaneously and therapists only need to master a single intervention protocol. However, tCBT may present several challenges for therapists, particularly regarding group management.

Objectives

To explore therapists’ perceptions and experience of group management during tCBT for mixed anxiety disorders.

Methods

A qualitative study embedded in a randomized controlled trial of group tCBT (Roberge & Provencher; CIHR, 2015-2021). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 of the 21 therapists to document their perceptions and to identify improvements for tCBT delivery. The data were analyzed using a deductive approach and based on the interactive cyclical process of data reduction, display and conclusion drawing.

Results

Therapists raised the challenge of the heterogeneous characteristics of participants’ anxious profile, since they had to be creative to provide exercises that were suitable for a whole group. Exposure exercises, a key component of tCBT, were particularly affected by the composition of the groups. Previous group animation experience and the ability to establish a therapeutic alliance from a group perspective were important facilitators. Co-therapy also facilitated the intervention, since it allowed the therapists to be more vigilant to group dynamics and favored the organization of tCBT.

Conclusions

This study highlights the importance of exploring therapists’ perceptions and experience about group management in order to identify facilitators and barriers of group tCBT in community-based
care.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Sexual harassment-abuse and psychotherapy: the strenght of therapeutic relathionship
Authors: Moutafi C. , Kalafataki I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The term trauma comes from the ancient Greek word “titrosko” than means perforate. Sexual harassment and abuse of a person during childhood is an important risk factor for mental trauma.

Objectives

Present the impact of sexual harassment and abuse in the mental health of adolescents and the imprortance of therapeutic relationship.

Methods

From the literature review the child needs love which is demostrated with tenderness. The adult (perpetrator) with a disorder responds to the child’s tenderness with the language of passion. The immature Ego of the child is not strong enough to deal with the adult behavior and this causes anxiety, helplessness, confusion and guilt about the relationship with the adult. During the psychotherapeutic process, 4 main protagonists emerge : the victim, the perpetrator, an absent mother and an omnipotent savior.

Results

Mental trauma can adversely affect the development of the neurobiological system resulting in difficulty coping with stressful events. Untreated trauma can lead to serious psychopathology such as anxiety disorders , depressive disorder, personality disorders, addictions. The creation of a therapeutic relationship, understanding the adolescent and his family potential, the recognition and treatment of transference-countertransference phenomena and the existence of a clinical setting that acts as a restraint mechanism could contribute to the therapy of mental trauma.

Conclusions

The Therapeutic Department for Adolescents could be an environment to contain, process and transform the painful into pleasant emotions, as well as aiming the authenticity of the person with a history of sexual harassment and abuse.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Evaluation of the knowledge in seismotherapy of the nurses of the neuropsychiatry pole
Authors: El Kefi H. , Kabtni W. , Borgi S. , Gafsi I. , Bencheikh C. , Oumaya A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as seismotherapy or electroshock therapy, consists of passing an alternating current of variable intensity between two electrodes placed on either side of the patient’s skull to create a generalized convulsive seizure with therapeutic effects.

Objectives

To evaluate the knowledge of the nurses of the neuropsychiatry pole of the Military Hospital of Tunis in seismotherapy.

Methods

Descriptive study, carried out in February 2021 in the pole of neuropsychiatry of the Military Hospital of Tunis (Services of psychiatry, neurology and neurosurgery). We developed for this study a form gathering sociodemographic questions and technical questions on seismotherapy (indications, contraindication, monitoring parameters …).

Results

Thirty-nine (39) nurses agreed to answer the questionnaire. The average age was 37 years, 12 men and 27 women, with a sex ratio of 0.44. The majority (62%) of the participants had no idea about seismotherapy, 92% had never attended a session, 90% had no specific training, 87% thought that seismotherapy was indicated for all psychiatric illnesses. Seismotherapy was feasible on an empty stomach for 13% and after free and informed consent of the patient for only 33%.

Conclusions

Although included in the nursing curriculum, the knowledge in seismotherapy of the nurses of the neuropsychiatry pole seems limited. A specific training program is indicated in anticipation of the establishment of a seismotherapy unit at the Military Hospital of Tunis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychosocial skills of ICU healthcare staff providing care to patients with COVID-19
Authors: Soussi M. , Kahloul M. , Kacem I. , Ajmi M. , Slama Y. , Harzali A. , Chouchane A. , Maoua M. , Mrizak N. , Naija W.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 crisis has imposed deep improvements in ICU responsiveness face to unprecedented and uncertain situations. In addition to strengthening logistics resources, this responsiveness required the development of psychosocial skills of healthcare providers, especially in ICU.

Objectives

To assess extrinsic factors interfering with psychosocial skills of the staff working in COVID-19 ICU and to analyze the different dimensions of these skills.

Methods

This is an observational descriptive study conducted at the COVID-19 ICU of an Academic Hospital, during a one-month period. All healthcare providers were enrolled. Data collection was based on a self-administered questionnaire including: socio-demographic factors; the general perception of work in covid-19 ICU and psychosocial skills. Six dimensions were explored separately, then by a standardized scale ranging from 0 to 100.Three levels of satisfaction were considered.

Results

Fifty-five healthcare providers were enrolled. The average age was 32 years. The sex ratio was 0.25. Mean scales of satisfaction were 53.6 for professional status and occupational security; 62.4 for working conditions and 69.8 for relational aspects. The most altered extrinsic factors were satisfaction regarding the salary and satisfaction regarding the administration policy with mean scores of 15 and 10 respectively. Satisfying psychosocial skills were creative and critical thoughts, self-awareness and empathy for others, communication and interpersonal relationships. Whereas the most impaired skills were stress management and problems solving, with mean scales of 49.6 and 68.3 respectively.

Conclusions

Psychosocial skills were generally acceptable. However, they could be improved by specific actions targeting extrinsic factors.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Algorithm based online speech evaluation - the new horizon
Authors: Vashdi E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The VML method was developed and designed to treat Apraxia of speech focusing on the Autistic population. After experiencing over 2000 children in many countries around the world, we have developed an algorithm which represents the VML analysis process. The algorithm includes almost 1000 conditions and was found reliable with copying the in-person VML evaluation. The algorithm generates a treatment program with 95% accuracy of the elected treatment topics.

Objectives

The objective of the VML software is to enable the VML analysis and treatment at low cost to wide population around the world, at home. The program includes main treatment topics, detailed exercises, picture and videos demonstrating the proposed treatment and general guidelines. The software users are supported by the VML experts around the world.

Methods

Based on the algorithm, we have developed a software which can produce a highly detailed motor speech treatment program. The software is web based, available now in English, Mandarin and soon in other languages as well. The user is required to fill in the speech data using the software interface.

Results

The uniqe sofetware was tested and found to have 90% reliability rate in comparison to a VML expert treatment program. In addition it was found to have the ability to over come mild evaluation mistakes while producing an effective treatment program.

Conclusions

The MYVML evaluation software is innovation in the field of speech treatment, striving to share the knowledge and give the treatment tool to as many practitioners and families as possible.

Disclosure

I am the developer of the VML software described in the abstract
“Giros de Rua” - Revitalize physical and mental health in people with HIV through a psychosocial intervention program: a study protocol
Authors: Laranjeira C. , Querido A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Given the negative social representation attributed to mental illness, it is urgent to reconfigure its representation, not as an individual problem, but also as a collective. Several solutions have been indicated to improve the skills and quality of life (QoL) of these individuals. Among these, psychosocial rehabilitation programs stand out to keep individuals inserted in society reaching a level of independent functioning.

Objectives

This study aims to: - assess the level of QoL, social support, treatment adherence, mental health status and mental health literacy of Portuguese people with HIV integrated into a community intervention program “InPulsar - Giros na Rua” program [which aims to contribute to the improvement of the socio-sanitary conditions of people who use psychoactive substances and to their social and therapeutic referral, as well as promoting risk reduction by intervening in a public space]; - improve mental health literacy levels, adherence to therapeutic regimen and QoL in individuals with HIV, after 12 months of implementation of a psychosocial rehabilitation program [biweekly sessions].

Methods

We will perform a single-group pre-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention evaluation, supported by the participatory methodology in health.

Results

This study has received ethical approval from the local IRB. Data collection will start in November 2021 and will be completed in November 2022.

Conclusions

Through a multidisciplinary approach, this study will allow the development of health interventions articulated with psychosocial interventions based on various educational and behavioural strategies, promoting literacy and adherence to the therapeutic regimen.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A cardinal approach to evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation based on the analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Mitikhin V. , Solokhina T. , Tiumenkova G. , Kuzminova M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The approach to evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial rehabilitation (PSR) of mentally ill patients implies a multidimensional, hierarchical consideration of mental pathology with the inclusion of clinical and psychopathological, socio-environmental and personal indicators when setting goals and objectives of PSR

Objectives

Development of algorithms and models for evaluating the effectiveness of PSR taking into account: clinical, socio-demographic, psychological characteristics of the patient and the characteristics of the family environment, as well as factors of psychiatric care.

Methods

Clinical, statistical, algorithms of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) [1].

Results

Numerical estimates of changes (before and after the PSR program) in the main areas of patient’s functioning disorders, such as motivation, cognition, compliance, coping strategies, family, skills, immediate environment, and others, are proposed as particular criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of PSR. Quantitative estimates for particular criteria are obtained on the basis of rank estimates, which are converted into numerical ones based on AHP algorithms [1]. Quantitative integral estimates of the effectiveness of PSR are obtained on the basis of partial estimates, taking into account the weight of the corresponding areas of impaired functioning of patients.

Conclusions

The developed approach opens up prospects for obtaining numerical, partial and integral estimates based on various rank scales, which are of interest from the point of view of forming criteria-indicators (markers) of the effectiveness of psychosocial, rehabilitation, psychoeducational and psychotherapeutic measures. References: 1. Mitikhin, V.G., Solokhina, T.A. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2019; 119(2): 49-54

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychological characteristics of pedagogical activity of scientists
Authors: Gasimov A. , Konovalova A. , Maslova K.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Appeal to pedagogical abilities, important for the success of the teacher, allows us to highlight some actual requirements for the scientist.

Objectives

The research is aimed at studying various competencies as a factor of success of the teacher.

Methods

The method of work is a bibliographic analysis.

Results

Firstly, they are communicative abilities, by which are meant the ability to communicate, the ability to find an approach to students, to build trustful dialogue.

Secondly, they are didactic abilities that make it possible to intelligently present the knowledge, stimulate interest in the subject, stimulate students ’cognitive activity, the ability to organize students’ independent work, and form their need for independent knowledge acquisition.

Thirdly, the academic pedagogical abilities of scientists, that is, the abilities for the corresponding field of science, the knowledge of the subject taught, not only in the volume of the training course, but much wider and deeper are the aspect of the necessary pedagogical competencies of scientists.

Fourthly, pedagogical abilities are related to the research orientation of the teacher, with his need and ability to conduct his own research work.

Fifth, among the pedagogical abilities, the pedagogical imagination is distinguished, presupposing the ability to project and predict the development of the student’s actions.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that modern education and society as a whole formed a new request to science and scientists, consisting in the development of their respective pedagogical competences.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Evaluation of the Community Support Programme applied at the Intensive Psychiatric Rehabilitation Unit at the Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi
Authors: Contel M. , Laszlo M. , Prats L. , Vadillo E. , Guillén J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Our hospital has chosen a model that goes beyond long-term hospital inpatient care to a community support for people with severe and persisting mental illnesses. This programme is called Community Support Programme (CSP) and focuses mainly on connecting patients who are being discharged from long-term hospitalization to a community based rehabilitation service.

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness of the CSP among people with severe and persisting mental illness, as a method to support the positive outcomes and reduce the use of hospital resources after a discharge.

Methods

This is a retrospect, observational descriptive study. We reviewed 55 cases between 2017 and May of 2021. We analyzed demographic information, diagnosis, duration of stay in the CSP, number of hospitalizations before and after the program, number of emergency visits before and after this program and what kind of community rehabilitation services are connected after the discharge.

Results

We found 58,2% male and 41,8% female. The main diagnoses were schizophrenia; schizoaffective and bipolar disorder. Before the CSP 85.4% of the patients had been hospitalized, and 76% had attended in a psychiatric emergency unit. After the discharge 36,36% required hospitalization, and 40% visited the psychiatric emergencies units. 54,54% of patients didn’t require hospital resources after their discharge from CSP.

Conclusions

The results suggest that the CSP helps to avoid hospitalization, reduce the use of hospital resources and drop outs. It helps the transition from hospitalization to a community based rehabilitation service.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Making the most out of the EPA Research Summer School: from a group exercise to an international collaborative study protocol
Authors: Tapoi C. , De Filippis R. , Noël C. , Almeida D. , Gurrea Salas D. , Mieze K. , Pushko A. , Pinto Da Costa M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The 2021 Research Summer School took place virtually, and 7 psychiatric trainees or early career psychiatrists (ECPs) from 7 different European countries participated in a working group on how to conduct a cross-sectional survey study.

Objectives

To provide an overview of the process of developing an internationally collaborative protocol during the EPA Virtual Research Summer School.

Methods

All participants were asked by the Faculty mentor chairing this working group to write a research question that could be investigated through a cross-sectional survey. After a brainstorming discussion, it was decided to investigate the experiences, knowledge, and attitudes of psychiatric trainees and ECPs about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Europe, an effective yet controversial procedure.

Results

The process of developing a protocol entailed different phases. First, a literature search was conducted, which supported the need to explore more the attitudes towards ECT among ECPs. Through group discussion the study’s objectives were decided, as well as the most appropriate methodology (including data collection and questionnaire use). At the end of the course, the core of the research plan was presented to all participants at the Research Summer School, preceding its implementation.

Conclusions

Participating in the EPA Research Summer School is a unique experience, a great learning opportunity, and can also lead to fruitful collaborations. It enabled the learning of the key aspects of designing and conducting a survey. In a short period of time, it was possible to design a study protocol for a future international cross-sectional survey on ECT.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The relationship between treatment motivation, coping, and psychosocial functioning in a schizophrenia patient’s sample
Authors: Semenova N. , Kazakovtsev B. , Kachaeva M. , Burygina L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Schizophrenia is characterized by impairments in motivation and coping and decrements in psychosocial functioning in major life areas.

Objectives

This study attempted to examine the links between treatment motivation, coping, and psychosocial functioning for persons with schizophrenia. Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods

One hundred thirty-eight participants were recruited at random from outpatient psychosocial rehabilitation programs in Moscow-based psychiatric hospitals. The measures of motivation were administered by testers blind to scores on other study variables; measures of coping (COPE, CERQ) and psychosocial functioning (PSP, EQ5D5L, SF36, Q-Les-Q-18) were administered. Data were analyzed using latent construct modeling to test for mediator and moderator effects.

Results

There were strong bivariate relationships between coping, motivation, and psychosocial functioning. The results demonstrated that coping strongly mediated the relationship between motivation and psychosocial functioning. This mediation was evidenced by: 1) the direct path from motivation to a functional outcome no longer being statistically significant after introducing coping into the model; 2) the statistical significance of the indirect path from motivation through coping to functional outcome. There was no support for the moderation hypotheses.

Conclusions

Motivation influences psychosocial functioning through its relationship with coping, and coping is a critical mechanism for explaining the relationship between motivation and psychosocial functioning. These results will be compared with work on motivation, neurocognition, and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia (Nakagami et al. 2008), as well as with gender issues. Professionals working with schizophrenia patients should consider such variables as coping when designing and implementing gender-sensitive intervention programs.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
First Episode Psychosis and intensity of care after discharge : difference at two years between lost and maintained follow-up patients
Authors: Bordas R. , Laffont E. , Jourdan C. , Pujol M. , Lamary L.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Disengagement from care in early psychosis is frequent. In outpatient general psychiatric services rates range from 17 % to 60 %. In early intervention programs, rates range from 14 % to 33 % at two years. In Europe, a study reported an initial drop out rate at 48 %.

Objectives

Measure intensity of care during two years after first hospitalization in a schizophrenia spectrum disorder population. Search for a difference between lost and maintained follow-up patients.

Methods

A monocentric retrospective study was conducted. All patients aged 16 to 30 with at least one hospitalization for schizophrenia spectrum disorder from January 2013 to December 2018 in CHAC were included. First hospitalization medical charts and all (social, nurse, psychologist, psychiatrist) outpatient appointments were assessed. A monthly mean of all appointments (MMA) was calculated for each patient. Lost or maintained groups at two years were compared with a Mann-Whitney
test.

Results

Among 48 patients, 52,1 % (N=25) disengaged from initial follow up within 2 years. The MMA for (N=46) patients was 1,45 (SD 1,35), 0,5 (SD 0,33) for psychiatrists. For lost patients, the MMA was 1,35 (SD 1,40) compared to 1,55 (SD 1,32) for maintained. No significant difference was found : U=229,50 p=0,45.

Conclusions

At two years, care appears more intensive for maintained patients than for lost ones, but no significant difference was found.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Compulsory Admissions of Patients with Mental Disorders in Europe: State of The Art on Ethical and Legislative Aspects
Authors: Wasserman D.
Published: September 2022

Globally, mental health legislation has been changing and evolving throughout time. Compulsory admission is when patients with mental disorders are admitted to a psychiatric unit against their own will to receive treatment. In Europe, as public attitudes and practices shifted, compulsory admission procedures were reformed to ensure patient rights and safety. Differences however exist for compulsory admission procedures between countries. In 2018, a survey was created and disseminated by the European Psychiatric Association Ethics Committee to National Psychiatric Associations within 40 European countries to learn more about the legislation, key actors involved, and reasons for admission. Results showed that approximately half of the responding countries required an independent medical expert, typically a psychiatrist, to be involved in the procedure. Most countries by law required the involvement of a court-appointed judge in making the decision about compulsory admission and to review the case after a certain period of time. All but one country have time limits on legal decisions for compulsory admission. Further, patients have the right to obtain legal counsel to assist them through the process of appeal or the decision in most countries. The primary reasons for admission were the patient being a danger to themselves or others. Despite continued efforts, stigma still surrounds mental health disorders. Public awareness and increased knowledge are needed to improve the perception of compulsory admissions. Moving forward, it is necessary to create educational courses, as well as written guidelines for key actors, to stimulate good practice and promote voluntary treatment (Wasserman et al. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.79).

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Language and turn-taking in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Dusi L. , Lucarini V. , Cangemi F. , Lucchese J. , Giustozzi F. , Magnani F. , Marchesi C. , Vogeley K. , Grice M. , Tonna M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Language and conversation are deeply interrelated: language is acquired, structured, practiced in social interactions and linguistic resources (specifically syntactic, prosodic and pragmatic aspects) contribute to finely tuning turn-taking. Nevertheless, most studies focused on verbal aspects of speech in schizophrenia, with scant attention to their relation to conversation, where language is experienced at most.

Objectives

The present study was aimed at investigating a possible association between language impairment and conversational characteristics in a sample of clinically stable patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (N = 35, ages 18-65).

Methods

A spontaneous speech sample was recorded. For the assessment of language skills, the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication (TLC) and the Clinical Language Disorder Rating Scale (CLANG) were used, while conversational variables were extracted with an innovative method of semi-automatic analysis. The possible associations were investigated through the Pearson Correlation.

Results

Figure 1 represents graphically the correlational matrix between conversational variables and linguistic scale scores. In the heatmap, blue means negative and red positive correlations, the stronger the colour, the larger the correlation magnitude. Moreover, the significant associations are indicated with stars.

Conclusions

The results suggest that in schizophrenia spectrum disorders the disturbances of language, at a syntactic, prosodic and pragmatic level, have significant impact on communicative interaction.

Thus, conversation analysis might be a promising method to quantify objectively communicative impairment with the benefit of representing an ecological assessment, examining the performance of patients in the real situation of language use, which is social interaction.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
22q11.2 deletion syndrome and psychosis – regarding a clinical case
Authors: Santos Martins F. , Guerra C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common microdeletion syndrome. Its clinical presentation varies and it may present several medical complications, namely heart defects, cleft palate, autoimmune diseases, delayed development, and psychiatric disorders. In these patients, psychiatric disorders are frequent and may include attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Objectives

We aim to characterize psychosis in patients diagnosed with 2q11.2 deletion syndrome, which is one of the most frequent psychiatric presentations.

Methods

To introduce the topic of 22q11.2 psychiatric symptoms, we will start by presenting a clinical case. Then, a review of the related literature using the Pubmed database using the following expression “22q11.2 deletion syndrome”; “DiGeorge syndrome”; “velocardiofacial syndrome”; “psychosis”; “psychiatric disorders”.

Results

Patients diagnosed with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are considered high-risk for psychosis. In this clinical case, we present a 19-year old man diagnosed with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome who was admitted to a psychiatric ward for psychosis. The knowledge of the increased risk for psychosis in these patients should be taken into account in the face of behavioral changes de novo to assure a timely therapeutic approach. Currently, the treatment does not differ from other patients, but this is mainly due to the lack of knowledge on the best therapeutic approach in this specific diagnosis.

Conclusions

Genetic syndromes are often associated with psychiatric disorders. Patients diagnosed with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are at high risk for psychosis and should deserve a multidisciplinary approach so that their diagnosis and treatment are established as early as possible.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Results of the Employment-Activity Program (EAP) of the PEPsNA in patients with first-episode psychosis
Authors: Aranguren L. , Aquerreta Unzue A. , Ariz Cia M.C. , Azcarate Jimenez L. , Fernandez Falces A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The Employment-Activity Program (EAP) of the PEPsNA aims that people develop or regain the occupational roles to wich ther aspire in their life after a first episode, due to the early ages affected by psychosis. Social-labor integration strategies (vocational rehabilitation and supported employment) are effective tools to improve the evolution of people with serious mental illnes.

Objectives

Check the objectives achieved by the PEA, which in turn serves as a self-assessment, in order to improve our daily work.

Methods

Data related to employment/occupation are analyzed, (number of people who are active in employment or carrying out standarized studies, people with temporary labor disability or who repeat a year, sheltered employment, occupational center, long-term unemployment and others), instrumental functional capacity and neurocognitive status (CGI COG scale), occupational disability (WHODAS scale), social and occupational functioning (SOFAS scale) and quality of life (QLS scale)

Results

The rate of active persons with employment or standarized studies increases by 7.2% at 24 months, and the long-term unemployment rate decreases by 4.9%, the timing of the highest occupation being at 12-18 months of treatment, reaching 55% and the one with the lowest unemployment at 12 months, with 17.3%. The percentage of people with ILT falls by 13.4%. The functioning scales also detect an improvement after 2 years of treatment.

Conclusions

The PEA contributes to the improvement in the global funtioning of people and their quality of life.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.