bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standardization in biobanking – between cooperation and competition
Authors: Meinung Bettina , Martin Dunja , Zimmermann Uwe
Published: December 2019

This article presents the current situation of German biobanks and shows future fields of action in the European and international context on the basis of upcoming legal and normative challenges. It gives an overview of the development of the international biobank standard ISO 20387 and the commitment of German biobank experts in the ISO committee TC276. Less attention than the biobank standard per se has so far been paid to the basic mechanisms by which standards are developed and the potential of their application and accreditation. In this sense, this article deals with the motivation for active participation in standardization projects. We discuss the status of ISO 20387 as a conformity assessment standard and the consequence of accreditation as a performance monitor.
Strong coupling between organic dye molecules and lattice modes of a dielectric nanoparticle array
Authors: Heilmann Rebecca , Väkeväinen Aaro I. , Martikainen Jani-Petri , Törmä Päivi
Published: December 2019

Plasmonic structures interacting with light provide electromagnetic resonances that result in a high degree of local field confinement, enabling the enhancement of light-matter interaction. Plasmonic structures typically consist of metals, which, however, suffer from very high ohmic losses and heating. High-index dielectrics, meanwhile, can serve as an alternative material due to their low-dissipative nature and strong scattering abilities. We studied the optical properties of a system composed of all-dielectric nanoparticle arrays covered with a film of organic dye molecules (IR-792) and compared these dielectric arrays with metallic nanoparticle arrays. We tuned the light-matter interaction by changing the concentration in the dye film and reported the system to be in the strong coupling regime. We observed a Rabi splitting between the surface lattice resonances of the nanoparticle arrays and the absorption line of the dye molecules of up to 253 and 293 meV, for the dielectric and metallic nanoparticles, respectively. The Rabi splitting depends linearly on the square root of the dye molecule concentration, and we further assessed how the Rabi splitting depends on the film thickness for a low dye molecule concentration. For thinner films of thicknesses up to 260 nm, we observed no visible Rabi splitting. However, a Rabi splitting evolved at thicknesses from 540 to 990 nm. We performed finite-difference time-domain simulations to analyze the near-field enhancements for the dielectric and metallic nanoparticle arrays. The electric fields were enhanced by a factor of 1200 and 400, close to the particles for gold and amorphous silicon, respectively, and the modes extended over half a micron around the particles for both materials.
Progress and challenges in p-type oxide-based thin film transistors
Authors: Shang Zong-Wei , Hsu Hsiao-Hsuan , Zheng Zhi-Wei , Cheng Chun-Hu
Published: December 2019

Transparent electronics has attracted much attention and been widely studied for next-generation high-performance flat-panel display application in the past few years, because of its excellent electrical properties. In display application, thin film transistors (TFTs) play an important role as the basic units by controlling the pixels. Among them, oxide-based TFTs have become promising candidates and gradually replaced the conventional amorphous and polycrystalline silicon TFTs, due to high mobility, good transparency, excellent uniformity and low processing temperature. Even though n-type oxide TFTs have shown high device performance and been used in commercial display application, p-type oxide TFTs with the equal performance have been rarely reported. Hence, in this paper, recent progress and challenges in p-type oxide-based TFTs are reviewed. After a short introduction, the TFT device structure and operation are presented. Then, recent developments in p-type oxide TFTs are discussed in detail, with the emphasis on the potential p-type oxide candidates as copper oxide, tin oxide and nickel oxide. Moreover, miscellaneous applications of p-type oxide TFTs are also presented. Despite this, the performance of p-type oxide TFTs still lags behind, as compared with that of n-type counterparts. Thus, the current issues and challenges of p-type oxide TFTs are briefly discussed.
Finite element nonlinear transient modelling of carbon nanotubes reinforced fiber/polymer composite spherical shells with a cutout
Authors: Lee Sang-Youl , Hwang Ji-Gwang
Published: December 2019

This study dealt with geometrically nonlinear transient behaviors of carbon nanotube/fiber/polymer composite (CNTFPC) spherical shells containing a central cutout. A multiscale analysis using the Hewitt and Malherbe model was performed to determine the carbon nanotube (CNT)weight ratios, thickness-radius ratios, thickness-length ratios of CNTs, and cutout sizes. Based on the first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT),the Newmark method and Newton-Raphson iteration were used for the nonlinear dynamic solution. The proposed approach in this study has been verified by previous studies. Parametric results showed the significance of a proper CNT ratio and curvature for better structural performance on the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of CNTFPC spherical shells with a cutout.
Luminescence of uranium(VI) after liquid-liquid extraction from HCl by Aliquat® 336 in n-dodecane:1-decanol by time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy
Authors: Reiller Pascal E. , Mariet Clarisse
Published: December 2019

To investigate the extraction of uranium(VI) in HCl media by Aliquat® 336 in 1:99 (v:v) 1-decanol:n-dodecane mixture, our objective is to identify the complexe(s) in the organic phase by time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy (TRLS). The extraction mechanism is supposed to involve the formation of

[
U

O
2

C

l
4

2
−

⋅

(

R
4

N
+

)

2

]

$[U{O_2}Cl_4^{2 - } \cdot {({R_4}{N^ + })_2}]$

in the organic phase. The occurrence of such a species leads to the presence of the

UO

2

Cl

4

2
−

${\rm{U}}{{\rm{O}}_2}{\rm{Cl}}_4^{2 - }$

species in the organic solution, which luminescence shows particular features. The luminescence spectra and decay time evolutions are obtained in the organic phase as a function of HCl concentration in the aqueous phase (0.5–6 M). The extraction of

UO

2

Cl

4

2
−

${\rm{U}}{{\rm{O}}_2}{\rm{Cl}}_4^{2 - }$

is confirmed by the particular spectrum of uranium(VI) in the organic phase, and the typical splitting of the luminescence bands, due to the crystal field effect, is clearly evidenced. The stoichiometry is verified using luminescence intensity variation as a function of the activity of Cl−, and extraction constants are calculated both using the specific interaction theory and Pitzer model. A decomposition of the spectrum of the extracted complex in the organic phase is also proposed. The decay time variation as a function of temperature allows estimating the activation energy of the luminescence process of the extracted complex.
The role of the immune response mediator genes polymorphism in the predisposition to juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Nazarova Liliia Sh. , Danilko Ksenia V. , Malievsky Viktor A. , Bakirov Akhat B. , Viktorova Tatiana V.
Published: December 2019

Objective ― The aim of the work was to study the contribution of the immune response mediator genes polymorphism (TNFA rs1800629, LTA rs909253, IL1B rs16944, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, IL2RA rs2104286, IL6 rs1800795, IL10 rs1800872, MIF rs755622, CTLA4 rs3087243, NFKB1 rs28362491, PTPN22 rs2476601, PADI4 rs2240336) to the formation of the predisposition to juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and its clinical variants. Material and Methods ― The JIA group included 330 patients and the control group – 342 volunteers without autoimmune diseases from the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. Genotyping was conducted by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results ― Taking into account the differences by sex, it was established, that the alleles/genotypes of the TNFA rs1800629, LTA rs909253, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, PTPN22 rs2476601 polymorphic loci and the TNFA rs1800629*G – LTA rs909253*G haplotype are associated with the development of JIA as a whole (p<0.05); alleles/genotypes of the LTA rs909253, IL1B rs16944, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, IL2RA rs2104286, IL6 rs1800795, IL10 rs1800872, MIF rs755622, CTLA4 rs3087243, NFKB1 rs28362491, PTPN22 rs2476601 polymorphic loci and the TNFA rs1800629*G – LTA rs909253*G haplotype – with some of JIA clinical variants (p<0.05). Conclusion ― In this work, the relationship of the alleles, genotypes and haplotypes of a number of the immune response mediator genes polymorphic loci with the risk of the development of JIA and its clinical variants was established. Specific associations were observed for girls and boys, which indicates the existence of sexual dimorphism in the JIA pathogenesis.
The spread of tuberculosis in the student milieu of Russian emigrants in Czechoslovakia in the 1920s: statistics, control measures, outcomes
Authors: Klimovich Lyudmila V. , Suvorov Valeriy V.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the health status of emigrant students from Russia who lived in the Republic of Czechoslovakia in the 1920s. Special attention is paid to the spread of tuberculosis among students. The author gives the information about the ratio of sick students, severe cases, and lethal outcomes. It has been pointed out that death from tuberculosis accounted for 50% of all lethal outcomes. The data obtained gave grounds to draw a conclusion that the incidence rate of tuberculosis among students was high. There were cases of tuberculosis of bones and joints, the presence of malignant tumors. The author traced the relationship between a student’s academic performance and his illness. The article describes the methods used by the medical commission to reduce the number of severe cases: summer sanatoriums, colonies for ill students. The paper also describes control measures taken both at the government level and at the level of public activity of the emigrant community. The Committee on Tuberculosis Control in the Society of Russian Doctors in the Republic of Czechoslovakia made a contribution to the cause of preserving the life and health of students. The paper is based on archival materials from the records of the Committee on Education of Russian and Ukrainian Students in the Republic of Czechoslovakia in the National Archives of the Czech Republic.
Novel Bayesian Networks for Genomic Prediction of Developmental Traits in Biomass Sorghum
Authors: dos Santos Jhonathan P R , Fernandes Samuel B , McCoy Scott , Lozano Roberto , Brown Patrick J , Leakey Andrew D B , Buckler Edward S , Garcia Antonio A F , Gore Michael A
Published: December 2019

The ability to connect genetic information between traits over time allow Bayesian networks to offer a powerful probabilistic framework to construct genomic prediction models. In this study, we phenotyped a diversity panel of 869 biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) lines, which had been genotyped with 100,435 SNP markers, for plant height (PH) with biweekly measurements from 30 to 120 days after planting (DAP) and for end-of-season dry biomass yield (DBY) in four environments. We evaluated five genomic prediction models: Bayesian network (BN), Pleiotropic Bayesian network (PBN), Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN), multi-trait GBLUP (MTr-GBLUP), and multi-time GBLUP (MTi-GBLUP) models. In fivefold cross-validation, prediction accuracies ranged from 0.46 (PBN) to 0.49 (MTr-GBLUP) for DBY and from 0.47 (DBN, DAP120) to 0.75 (MTi-GBLUP, DAP60) for PH. Forward-chaining cross-validation further improved prediction accuracies of the DBN, MTi-GBLUP and MTr-GBLUP models for PH (training slice: 30-45 DAP) by 36.4–52.4% relative to the BN and PBN models. Coincidence indices (target: biomass, secondary: PH) and a coincidence index based on lines (PH time series) showed that the ranking of lines by PH changed minimally after 45 DAP. These results suggest a two-level indirect selection method for PH at harvest (first-level target trait) and DBY (second-level target trait) could be conducted earlier in the season based on ranking of lines by PH at 45 DAP (secondary trait). With the advance of high-throughput phenotyping technologies, our proposed two-level indirect selection framework could be valuable for enhancing genetic gain per unit of time when selecting on developmental traits.
Análisis de factores de expansión del gasto en pensiones en el Régimen de Invalidez, Vejez y Muerte de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social
Authors: Sandoval Vásquez José Fulvio , Hernández Castro Gustavo
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se analiza, desde un punto de vista macroeconómico, las opciones que tiene Costa Rica para controlar el crecimiento del gasto en pensiones en relación con el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), en el caso del Régimen de Invalidez Vejez y Muerte (RIVM) administrado por la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (CCSS). Con esta finalidad se desarrolla un modelo econométrico que descompone la razón gasto en pensiones a PIB en cuatro factores (demografía, mercado de trabajo, elegibilidad y generosidad). La estimación del modelo proporciona los coeficientes de elasticidad de cada factor respecto a la razón gasto en pensiones al PIB, los cuales permiten analizar la importancia de cada elemento y establecer opciones de política para la contención del gasto en procura de la sostenibilidad del RIVM por el lado del gasto.
El lenguaje de los otros, escenario de alteridades: Aportes a la aproximación teórica entre antropología y literatura
Authors: Perea Fabián
Published: December 2019

El lenguaje, en su multiplicidad de acción como mecanismo de reconfiguración simbólica, se presenta como un elemento constante en las relaciones sociales. En este sentido la antropología se ha preguntado no sólo por la utilidad del lenguaje en estas relaciones, sino por la forma en la cual este se utiliza dentro de los análisis antropológicos y sus implicaciones metodológicas. La literatura, por su parte, se muestra como un espacio en el que el uso del lenguaje responde principalmente a un ejercicio descriptivo, que trasmuta en la articulación de distintos conceptos simbólicos para la creación de una realidad en la que el autor es el artífice, lo cual crea relaciones entre la realidad simbólica del autor literario y los conceptos abstraídos que representan la organización simbólica de sociedades específicas. Este artículo de revisión busca explorar, a través del uso de las crónicas antropológicas  y de textos literarios de ficción,  las relaciones entre la antropología y la literatura desde la perspectiva del lenguaje como elemento de creación de alteridad, para proponer aproximaciones teóricas que cuestionen la relación entre el autor y el sujeto observado que, en consecuencia, se presenten como posibilidades de posturas metodológicas en las cuales se  haga uso del lenguaje como herramienta analítica.
La novela policiaca de quiosco como narrativa de terror: Villa del Mar y El caserón del órgano de Josefina de la Torre
Authors: García-Aguilar Alberto
Published: December 2019

Este artículo analiza dos novelas de quiosco publicadas en la década de 1940 por la escritora española Josefina de la Torre: Villa del Mar  (1941) y El caserón del órgano (1944). Se estudia cómo reproduce en ellas varios de los rasgos más frecuentes en los subgéneros policiaco y de terror, como el detective como un héroe de aventuras, la (falsa) casa encantada y el asesino increíblemente malvado, para ofrecer unas obras destinadas al ocio de los lectores.
Algunas peculiaridades de la traducción de las rimas de Bécquer al georgiano (un intento de aproximación de dos culturas)
Authors: Luarsabishvili Vladimer
Published: December 2019

El propósito de nuestro trabajo es tratar algunas peculiaridades de la traducción literaria del texto romántico español y de Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer en particular; mostramos y argumentamos las técnicas usadas en el proceso de traducción de Rimas de Bécquer al georgiano, destacamos las dificultades que acompañaron al proceso y proponemos las vías de actividad traductora orientadas a una recepción relevante del texto.
Entre estética y literatura: metodologías para leer el continuo textovisual de las obras literarias en la era digital
Authors: Mora Vicente Luis
Published: December 2019

Las formas mixtas de texto e imagen son una constante en la historia de la literatura, creando una unidad legible de espacio significativo que denominaremos textos iluminados. Pese a esa larga tradición, los textos híbridos entre imagen y texto son muy frecuentes en la actualidad, y esta abundancia podría ser un problema para la teoría de la literatura y la crítica. Cada aproximación teórica tiene elementos aprovechables y también puntos problemáticos de cara al análisis textual. Este artículo explora y sintetiza varias construcciones teóricas, desde la écfrasis a la «image-text» (W. J. T. Mitchell), desde la hipotiposis a las «poéticas del iconotexto» (Lilian Louvel), desde la semiótica al digitalismo, con ánimo de encontrar el criterio menos reductor para leer los textos iluminados, con una propuesta final que combina la teoría de la literatura con la estética.
Integración y resistencia a la asimilación del texto literario en los mensajes hipercodificados. Kipling en la publicidad y el álbum ilustrado
Authors: Trabado Cabado José Manuel
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se pretende estudiar dos estrategias discursivas que he denominado “integración” y “resistencia a la asimilación” en las que se ven involucrados los mensajes hipercodificados dentro de la denominada “cultura líquida”. Ambas actúan en un sentido diferente pero poseen en común su relación con la remediación y con otros procesos que muestran la metamorfosis de un texto literario. En este caso se estudia el poema de Kipling titulado “If” que forma parte de un álbum ilustrado y de un anuncio publicitario.
Numerical Treatment of short Laser Pulse Compression in transient stimulated Brillouin Scattering
Authors: Dement’ev A. , Girdauskas V. , Vrublevskaja O.
Published: December 2019

Results of numerical investigation of the compression process of short pulses during essentially nonstationary SBS are presented, taking into account the diffraction and focusing of the interacting light beams and the finite oscillation period and lifetime of hypersound waves in nonlinear media.
Initial Boundary-Value Problems for Derivative Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation. Justification of Two-Step Algorithm
Authors: Meškauskas T. , Ivanauskas F.
Published: December 2019

We investigate two different initial boundary-value problems for derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The boundary conditions are Dirichlet or generalized periodic ones. We propose a two-step algorithm for numerical solving of this problem. The method consists of Bäcklund type transformations and difference scheme. We prove the convergence and stability in C and H1 norms of Crank–Nicolson finite difference scheme for the transformed problem. There are no restrictions between space and time grid steps. For the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the proposed numerical algorithm converges and is stable in C1 norm.
On Joint Distribution of General Dirichlet Series
Authors: Genys J. , Laurinčikas A.
Published: December 2019

In the paper a joint limit theorem in the sense of the weak convergence in the space of meromorphic functions for general Dirichlet series is proved under weaker conditions as in [1].
Geometric Zeta-Function and Euclidean Action
Authors: Javtokas A.
Published: December 2019

This paper provides analysis on successful combining Euclidean action and geometric zeta-function, investigating distribution of the zetafunction poles (spectrum).
Stabilization of Continuous-Time Adaptive Control Systems with Possible Input Saturation through a Controllable Modified Estimation Model
Authors: De la Sen M.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents an indirect adaptive control scheme for linear continuous-time systems. The estimated plant model is controllable and then the adaptive scheme is free from singularities. Such singularities are avoided through a modification of the estimated plant parameter vector so that its associated Sylvester matrix is guaranteed to be nonsingular. That property is achieved by ensuring that the absolute value of its determinant does not lie below a positive threshold. An alternative modification scheme based on the achievement of a modified diagonally dominant Sylvester matrix of the parameter estimates is also proposed. This diagonal dominance is achieved through estimates modification as a way to guarantee the controllability of the modified estimated model when a controllability measure of the estimation model without modification fails. In both schemes, the use of a hysteresis switching function for the modification of the estimates is not required to ensure the controllability of the modified estimated model. Both schemes ensure that chattering due to switches associated with the modification is not present. The results are extended to the first-order case when the input is subject to saturation being modeled as a sigmoid function. In this case, a hysteresis-type switching law is used to implement the estimates modification.
Recent Breakthrough in Primality Testing
Authors: Šleževičienė R. , Steuding J. , Turskienė S.
Published: December 2019

This paper briefly surveys the history of primality tests. The recently discovered deterministic polynomial time primality test due to Agrawal, Kayal and Saxena is presented and some improvements are shortly discussed.
The Joint Universality for L-Functions of Elliptic Curves
Authors: Garbaliauskienė V.
Published: December 2019

A joint universality theorem in the Voronin sense for L-functions of elliptic curves over the field of rational numbers is proved.
Linearly Invariant Classes of Functions Analytical in the Half-Plane
Authors: Kirjackis J. , Kiriyatzkii E. G.
Published: December 2019

In present paper the properties of classes of introduced by authors functions analytical in the half-plane are investigated. These classes constructed by using special normalization of functions, automorphism of the half-plane and by operator actual on these classes. Such classes are called as linearly invariant ones. In case when domain is unit disc similar linearly invariant classes were considered by Ch. Pommerenke, V. Starkov, E.G. Kiriyatzkii.
Anthroponyms of Jewish Women in the 16th Century Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Authors: Čirūnaitė Jūratė
Published: December 2019

The most popular names among Jewish women in 16th century Lithuania were Simcha, Marjam, Anna, Debora. The names were most frequently recorded as diminutives (63.3%), with only 36.4% appearing in canonical forms. The smallest group comprises names formed using only anthroponyms that were derived from those of (male) family members (29.6%). 35.2% of the namings are recorded as mixed type. The same number of women are recorded using only names in the documents.Personal names are included in 70.4% of recorded women’s namings. Andronyms (anthroponyms formed from the spouse’s name) were found in 64.8% of all the records. 9.3% of women’s namings include anthroponyms formed using the spouse’s patronymic. Only 1.9% of namings had a female patronymic (the derivative of the suffix -owna/-ewna).One-member female namings prevail (59.3%). Two-member namings comprise 33.3%. Three members are found in 5.6% of the namings, while four-membered ones comprise 1.9%. The average length of the namings is 1.5 times that of the anthroponyms.Common words explaining anthroponyms were found in 68.5% of the namings. Common words related to religion prevail (51.4%). 29.7% of the common words characterize relationships or family status, and only 10.8% describe occupation, post or trade (vocation). Common words describing descent (social origin) comprise only 8.1% of all the women’s namings.Namings consisting only of anthroponyms of family members can be subdivided into the following subgroups: 1) derivatives of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja; 2) derivatives of the suffix ‑owaja/-ewaja; 3) derivatives of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja + the genitive of a male patronymic; 4) derivatives of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja + a male patronymic + the genitive of a male patronymic. Namings without anthroponyms consisting of family members included names and names with common words. Mixed namings consisted of: 1) a name + a derivative of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja; 2) a derivative of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja + the genitive of a male patronymic + a name; 3) a derivative of the suffix -owaja/-ewaja + the genitive of a male patronymic + a name + a female patronymic.The most popular type of naming is a recorded name.
Pediatric Readiness in Emergency Medical Services Systems
Authors: Moore Brian , Shah Manish I. , Owusu-Ansah Sylvia , Gross Toni , Brown Kathleen , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Remick Katherine , Adelgais Kathleen , Lyng John , Rappaport Lara , Snow Sally , Wright-Johnson Cynthia , Leonard Julie C. ,   and the AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE AND SECTION ON EMERGENCY MEDICINE EMS SUBCOMMITTEE,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES COMMITTEE,   EMERGENCY NURSES ASSOCIATION PEDIATRIC COMMITTEE,   NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PHYSICIANS STANDARDS AND CLINICAL PRACTICE COMMITTEE,   NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL TECHNICIANS EMERGENCY PEDIATRIC CARE COMMITTEE, Wright Joseph , Adirim Terry , Agus Michael S.D. , Callahan James , Gross Toni , Lane Natalie , Lee Lois , Mazor Suzan , Mahajan Prashant , Timm Nathan , Goodloe Jeffrey , Brown Kathleen , Abell Becky , Alson Roy , Bachista Kerry , Bowman Lynthia , Boynton Heather , Brown Sara Ann , Chang Allen , Copeland Darby , De Lorenzo Robert , Douglas Derek , Fowler Raymond , Gallagher John , Gilliam Sheaffer , Guyette Frank , Holland Dustin , Jarvis Jeffrey , Kalan Clinton , Keeperman Jacob , Kupas Douglas , Lairet Julio , Levy Michael , Lyon Kristopher , Manifold Craig , McCabe-Kline Kristin , Mell Howard , Miller Brian , Millin Michael , Rosen Brett , Ross Jared , Ryan Kevin , Sanko Stephen , Schlesinger Shira , Sheppard Charles , Sibold Harry , Smith Sullivan , Spigner Michael , Stracuzzi Vincent , Tanski Christopher , Tennyson Joseph , White IV Chelsea , Wilcocks David , Yee Allen , Young Tiffany , Foresman-Capuzzi Joyce , Johnson Rose , Martin Heather , Milici Justin , Brandt Cam , Nelson Nicholas , Lyng John , Watson Shannon , Remick Katherine , Dietrich Ann , Bates Kyle , Flake Frank , Flores Gustavo
Published: December 2019

This is a joint policy statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Emergency Physicians, Emergency Nurses Association, National Association of Emergency Medical Services Physicians, and National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians on pediatric readiness in emergency medical services systems.
Una leyenda heroica. Historia y memoria pública del movimiento estudiantil costarricense
Authors: Chaves Zamora Randall Andrés
Published: December 2019

Resumen. En abril de 1970, miles de estudiantes de colegio y de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) protagonizaron el movimiento estudiantil más recordado en el país desde ese momento y hasta la actualidad. La cadena de protestas, motivada por la oposición estudiantil a la empresa transnacional Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), generó una amplia cobertura mediática y ha sido conmemorada por sus líderes y protagonistas durante medio siglo. Las páginas siguientes son una interpretación histórica de las memorias públicas sobre esa coyuntura. En primer lugar, se explica la forma en que los universitarios se incluyeron en la discusión legislativa sobre la empresa, mientras que la segunda parte analiza la cadena de protestas realizadas en oposición al proyecto. Ambos apartados utilizan las memorias públicas de los protagonistas del movimiento, dadas a conocer en formato escrito, oral y audiovisual en diferentes medios periodísticos. El estudio termina con una revisión de las interpretaciones más significativas dadas a conocer por la generación de Alcoa y propone que esta memoria estuvo caracterizada por olvidos, omisiones y silencios motivados por el género de quienes recordaron su juventud, resultando en la creación de una memoria masculinizada.
"Purificarse en las aguas del Jordán". La ruta política y social de la amnistía de 1955 en Costa Rica y la participación de las mujeres
Authors: Ugalde Quesada Alexia
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se reconstruye la ruta social y política que conlleva a la declaración de una primera amnistía general después de la guerra civil de 1948 en Costa Rica. A partir de fuentes oficiales y periodísticas se analizan los múltiples actores que se manifestaron en contra y a favor de esta legislación, visibilizando particularmente el papel de las mujeres. Concluyendo que la amnistía no fue de ninguna forma una concesión del gobierno sino el resultado de la constante exigencia de diversos sectores de la sociedad costarricense. Además, la amnistía tardó en declararse más de siete años por la falta de voluntad política de los vencedores para generar políticas de conciliación nacional.
Colaboraciones académicas y balance general de la producción historiográfica en temas de ciencia, tecnología y medio ambiente en Costa Rica
Authors: Chavarría Camacho David Arturo
Published: December 2019

Este artículo realiza una caracterización y sistematización general de las principales investigaciones académicas que tratan sobre los procesos históricos y su relación con el surgimiento y desarrollo de los fenómenos en ciencia, tecnología y medio ambiente en Costa Rica. Se determinan las principales problemáticas que analizan dichos autores, así como las temáticas generales de sus investigaciones, y algunos vínculos y colaboraciones académicas entre ellos, lo que permite acercarse a un diagnóstico general del estado del conocimiento en estos campos de estudio. Para realizar este artículo, se emplearon métodos gráficos para analizar las asociaciones entre los investigadores, lo que permite determinar los componentes más generales de la estructura intelectual de los participantes de esta producción académica. La investigación considera tres componentes principales en dicho proceso: 1) los trabajos que tratan la historia de la institucionalización de las disciplinas científicas; 2) aquellos que llevan a cabo un análisis histórico de las relaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza en Costa Rica y, vinculado a este, 3) los trabajos que analizan la técnica, la tecnología y el medio ambiente en la historia agraria costarricense.
El lugar donde encallan las ballenas o cómo sobrevivir al apocalipsis en Cuentos mínimos para una sola historia de Luis Thenon
Authors: Cortés Carlos
Published: December 2019

Luis Thenon. (2019). Cuentos mínimos para una sola historia. San José: Editorial Uruk. 91 páginas.
Un acercamiento analítico al pluralismo jurídico en Bolivia: Lo Aymara en un panorama multipolar desde la visión de Fernando Untoya
Authors: Mballa Louis Valentin , Copa Pabón Magali Vianca
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo hace un acercamiento al pluralismo jurídico en Bolivia. Desde la visión de Untoya, se retoman las aportaciones de autores indianistas y kataristas a través de las nociones de lo propio y de rebelión india. A partir de esas nociones, se plantea la existencia de una dinámica de ocultamiento en la aplicación del pluralismo jurídico boliviano. En este sentido, el reconocimiento de la justicia indígena implica al mismo tiempo una limitación grave en su ejercicio, lo cual mantiene una relación asimétrica y dicotómica entre la justicia ordinaria y la justicia indígena. Por lo tanto, en el marco de este artículo, se reafirma la importancia de la identidad en un contexto multipolar dominado por los relativismos culturales y la difuminación de las identidades, poniendo en riesgo el desarrollo de las naciones indígenas en América Latina en general y en Bolivia en particular.
Estimating age-specific hazard rates of infection from cross-sectional observations
Authors: Feng Zhilan , Glasser John W.
Published: December 2019

Mathematical models of pathogen transmission in age-structured host populations, can be used to design or evaluate vaccination programs. For reliable results, their forces or hazard rates of infection (FOI) must be formulated correctly and the requisite contact rates and probabilities of infection on contact estimated from suitable observations. Elsewhere, we have described methods for calculating the probabilities of infection on contact from the contact rates and FOI. Here, we present methods for estimating the FOI from cross-sectional serological surveys or disease surveillance in populations with or without concurrent vaccination. We consider both continuous and discrete age, and present estimates of the FOI for vaccinepreventable diseases that confer temporary or permanent immunity.
Capacidad instalada, un factor para la optimización del tiempo y los recursos en instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Dillon Pérez Francisco Xavier , Espinosa Fuentes Diana Estefanía , Dillon Pérez Juan Esteban , Espinosa Fuentes Paola Andrea
Published: December 2019

Medir la capacidad instalada de una institución de educación superior supone un reto complejo debido a la falta de metodologías claras y de investigaciones en esta área, esto dificulta la asignación y el uso de los espacios académicos definidos casi siempre en función del número de matriculados. El objetivo de la investigación fue revisar la metodología de aplicación para determinar la capacidad instalada, y la posibilidad de utilizar o aplicar (total o parcialmente) su metodología de cálculo en un contexto distinto del tomado como referencia. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron establecer la aplicación parcial de esta metodología, esto debido a la estructura académica (entendida como la organización y definición de horas clase, sin tomar como referencia la estructura de créditos) bajo la cual la institución de educación superior tomada como ejemplo en esta investigación se encuentra. Como conclusión se menciona que el cálculo de la capacidad instalada debería relacionar el uso de los espacios universitarios con el número de estudiantes matriculados por carrera, programa y curso; además, esta combinada con la asignación de horas clase docentes, permitiría optimizar: tiempo, espacios y recursos no solo académicos sino también humanos.
EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE: EXPERIENCE OF BMT BERINGHARJO
Authors: ULFI IZZANI
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze the benefits of empowering women program through Islamic microfinance program by focusing on the case of Baitulmal wat Tamwil (BMT) in Beringharjo, Indonesia. It is expected to fill the gap in the literature since most of the current studies have been focusing on conventional microfinance rather than Islamic microfinance. This study used primary data collected by interviewing participants of the Islamic microfinance program offered by the BMT. The Qualitative Content Analysis method has been used to extend the conceptual theoretical framework and give wider results description that could not be captured by the quantitative approach. The result shows that there were improvements in various socio-economic aspects of the participants such as higher income and expenditure, and more involvements in community activities, decision making and children’s education. While the focus of this study is only limited to the case of BMT Beringharjo in Jogjakarta, Indonesia, the findings from this study can be generalized and would contribute towards further improvements of future women empowerment programs throughout the globe.
Developing training for pioneer ministry in the Church of Scotland: Reflections on grounding pedagogy and lessons in practice from abroad
Authors: Forsyth Alexander
Published: December 2019

This article focusses on the formation and delivery of training and support for pioneer ministry in the Church of Scotland, by (i) reflecting on recent thinking on the place of theological education in enabling missional vocation; and (ii) presenting three case studies of approaches taken by denominations (in the Netherlands, Germany and Aotearoa New Zealand) which share a similar historical tradition with the Church of Scotland and which have seen similar trajectories of decline.
Ecological and Economic Aspects of Land Desertification
Authors: Rulev Alexander , Rulev Gleb
Published: December 2019

Agricultural lands of the Russian Federation are intensively subjected to degradation and desertification as a result of irrational economic activity, which, against the background of unfavorable climatic factors, led to the destruction of natural ecosystems, degradation of the soil cover and ultimately to the creation of the unfavorable ecological environment. About 65 % of 130 million hectares of arable land, are exposed to water and wind erosion. Only by water erosion, 10 % of arable land lost 30–60 % of fertility and almost 25 % lost 10–30 %. As a result of deflation 25million hectares of agricultural land in the European part of the Russian Federation are degraded to varying degrees. The concept of the anti-degradation arrangement proposes to use environmental-economic geoinformational monitoring. Within the framework of this approach, the development of cartographic and mathematical models in three time environments is proposed: pre-agricultural, modern degraded, and certainly improved condition. The ecological and economic analysis makes it possible to synthesize information flows and analyze the most important degradation processes. The most important tool for implementing ther adaptive-landscape anti-degradation arrangement of agricultural landscapes is precision farming, which consists of several subsystems: decision-making, monitoring, agronomic techniques, specialized equipment, etc. Computer technologies and telecommunications allow to speed up and optimize production by combining technology and people, which helps reduce costs. Precision agriculture is impossible without using modern advances in collecting, processing and storage of various, often heterogeneous, agricultural information.
Regional Cluster Policy in Russia: Methods and Practical Results
Authors: Petrova Elena , Kalinina Alla , Lapina Marina
Published: December 2019

The existence of the evolutionary and artificial components of the development of clusters in the practical implementation of cluster policy determines the relevance of the research. The article contains a comparative analysis of foreign programs for the development of clusters and Russian programs for supporting clusters, which makes it possible to formulate recommendations on forming regional cluster policy. The study makes it possible to identify specific mechanisms and management tools, socio-economic conditions of the territory affecting the success of the implemented cluster development programs. All the cases reviewed show that the decision on which public and private actors should participate in the management of the cluster is very relevant and often affects the overall results of the PPH. According to the results of the study, it is necessary to provide flexible systems for cluster management in order to change this management system depending on the situation. In the long term, the PPH strategy should be consistent with a more general regional and local development strategy. The results of the analysis can serve as a basis for forming a new cluster policy in the region based on the transformation of existing ones, the integration of its new information-analytical and organizational elements, methods and tools, as well as the development of practical recommendations for implementing cluster development programs in the regional economy.
Family Life Cycle: Implementing the Strategy of Social and Economic Development (Based on Subjects of the Southern Federal District)
Authors: Mitrofanova Inna , Ivanova Tat’jana , Ryabova Inna
Published: December 2019

Migration flows in the Russian Federation are intensive in recent years. People go to the places where they can have better conditions for work and solutions of social problems. The purpose of this article is studying such opportunities in the strategy of regional social and economic development of 2030. The methodology of the research consists in the solution of a number of questions. The concept “life cycle of family” is debatable. The paper gives its treatment and presents the cognitive map of requirements of different stages of the life cycle. The authors give the analysis of the strategy of regional social and economic development. The empirical base of the research is the strategy of social and economic development of Volgograd region, Rostov region, Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Republic of Adygea. The article characterizes the specifics of satisfying needs for services of health care, education, culture, sport, the possibility to receive housing, the requirement to human resources in the specified regions. It allowed to define characteristics of individuals interested in accommodation on a certain area and to offer directions of their rebranding. The article provides assessing competitiveness of the strategy of regional social and economic development for 2018–2030 in terms of the family life cycle. The following indicators are used for this purpose: climate attractiveness, unemployment rate, population share with incomes below the subsistence rate, infantile mortality on 1 thousand births, mortality on 100 thousand people of the working population, average monthly salary, share of the employed in small and average business from the total number of the population. The authors conclude that the developed strategies of socio-economic development of territories taking into account the competition between regions do not fully contribute to overcoming the negative trends of their development. In addition to working out the strategy of a particular subject of the Russian Federation, the analysis of the provisions planned by neighboring regions is necessary.
Plasma surface modifications of orthopedic biomaterials by the adoption of bioinorganic cations: a review
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Yeung Kelvin W K
Published: December 2019

A variety of bioinorganic ions have been reported to alter different cellular functions, including the transport of potassium (K+) and calcium (Ca2+) ions, while also modulating signal transduction, energy metabolism and cell proliferation due to the electro-potential change of the cell membrane. It was recently reported that the presence of such bivalent cations in the bone system is beneficial to bone growth and plays a key role in bone remodeling and skeletal development. In the present paper, the authors aim to report the potential mechanism of bone healing stimulated by bioinorganic ions and the relevant surface modification techniques for orthopedic biomaterials.
Fenología, sincronía floral y éxito reproductivo de Neolloydia conoidea (Cactaceae)
Authors: Arroyo-Pérez Erika , Jiménez-Sierra Cecilia Leonor , Zavala-Hurtado José Alejandro , Flores-Rivas Joel David , Salgado-Ugarte Isaías Hazarmabeth
Published: December 2019

Antecedentes: Los estudios sobre los patrones de floración, sincronía floral y éxito reproductivo en cactáceas son incipientes y de muchas especies se desconoce prácticamente su biología reproductiva como ocurre con la cactácea globosa Neolloydia conoidea . Preguntas: ¿Cómo es el patrón de floración a nivel poblacional? ¿Cómo es la sincronía floral? y ¿Existe relación entre la sincronía floral y el éxito reproductivo?  Especie: Neolloydia conoidea Britton & Rose (Cactaceae) Sitio de estudio y fechas: Municipio de Tolimán en Querétaro, México. Dos años de observaciones (N = 146 individuos en 2015; 142 en 2016) en una población de Neolloydia conoidea . Métodos: Censo de las flores en antesis y análisis de la fenología de floración a través de Estimadores de Densidad por Kernel (EDK) y componentes gaussianos. Determinación de la sincronía floral a través de los índices de Augspurger (SA) y de Marquis (SM) y comparación del éxito reproductivo (fruit set y seed set) por año y por pulsos.  Resultados: Neolloydia conoidea presentó un patrón de floración con 5 a 6 pulsos discretos al año. La sincronía por año y por pulsos fue baja y no se correlacionó con el éxito reproductivo. Conclusiones: Neolloydia conoidea presenta un patrón de floración en pulsos con bajos niveles de sincronía. Este es el primer registro de dicha estrategia para una cactácea globosa, aunque un patrón similar ya ha sido reportado para una cactácea columnar. Sugerimos que esto podría representar una estrategia de “bet hedging” en el sitio de estudio.
Impact of Late Pleistocene-Holocene climatic fluctuations on the phylogeographic structure and historical demographics of Zamia prasina (Cycadales: Zamiaceae)
Authors: Montalvo-Fernández Grecia , Sánchez-Teyer Lorenzo Felipe , Carnevali Germán , Vovides Andrew P. , Gaytán-Legaria Ricardo , Ortíz -García Matilde Margarita , Muñoz-López Jaime Alejandro , Martínez Castillo Jaime
Published: December 2019

Background: Glacial periods during the Pleistocene have been hypothesized to have greatly influenced geographical patterns of genetic structure and demography of many tropical species. The Glacial Refugium Hypothesis proposes that, during cold, dry glacial periods, populations of moisture-affinities tropical species were restricted to sheltered, humid areas and that, during warmer and more humid interglacial periods, these populations expanded. Some mountain regions in the tropics acted as refugia during the cold, dry periods of the Pleistocene for several temperate forest taxa, which recolonized the humid areas farther north during the interglacial periods.
Questions: (1) Did Late Pleistocene-Holocene climate changes affect the historical demophraphy of Zamia prasina ? (2) Does the historical distribution of Zamia prasina agree with the Glacial Refugium Hypothesis?
Study species: Zamia prasina W.Bull. (Zamiaceae), the only cycad native to the Yucatan Peninsula Biotic Province (YPBP).
Methods: Five individuals were collected in 23 populations and characterized using two DNA regions: plastid atpF-atpH , and nuclear ITS2. Genetic diversity, phylogeographic structure, historical demography, and potential distributions were assessed. 
Results: Our results showed moderately high genetic diversity and low, but significant, phylogeographic structure. Two genetic groups were identified, one in the eastern part of the Peninsula, the other in the western. The changes in historical demography suggest that Z. prasina experienced a population expansion following the warm conditions of the Holocene.
Conclusions: The population dynamics of Zamia prasina are in accordance with the Glacial Refugium Hypothesis.