bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of appropriate approaches for healthy weight loss
Authors: Ding Jiateng
Published: November 2023

The global prevalence of obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern, necessitating immediate attention and action in terms of prevention and treatment. As a result of China's enhanced level of living and societal advancement, there has been a discernible shift in people's aesthetic preferences. In contemporary times, there is a prevailing cultural preference among Chinese individuals for a slender physique, which has led numerous young women with an inclination towards aesthetics to resort to various methods in order to modify their body weight. Nevertheless, the impact of obesity extends beyond its aesthetic implications, encompassing a range of detrimental health conditions, notably including elevated blood glucose levels and heightened blood cholesterol levels. Hence, it is of paramount importance to mitigate the underlying factors contributing to obesity. This study uses a literature review method to elucidate the optimal approach to weight loss. This study elucidates the etiology of obesity, delineates the various origins of obesity, and subsequently explores strategies to mitigate and prevent obesity. It begins by examining the fundamental reasons of obesity, followed by an analysis of dietary choices that promote optimal energy intake. Additionally, it delves into the role of physical activity as a pivotal approach to weight loss, serving as a gateway to understanding effective methods for managing and curbing obesity. This study aims to enhance comprehension of the concept of obesity, while simultaneously offering references within the realm of effective weight management strategies. Additionally, it seeks to contribute further insights into the global issue of obesity.
The safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines for adolescents
Authors: Li Rui
Published: November 2023

Since the 2019 outbreak of COVID-19, the virus has rapidly spread worldwide, becoming the largest epidemic in recent years. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can cause symptoms ranging from mild to severe, potentially leading to death, including for patients in intensive care units. Fortunately, scientists and researchers worldwide raced against time, quickly organized, and devoted themselves to vaccine research. After unremitting efforts, they developed a vaccine for COVID-19 at record speed, successfully slowing down and preventing its spread. However, even after more than three years, although significant progress has been made in combating the epidemic, numerous challenges still need to be addressed. One of these problems is the vaccination of young people, which poses a significant challenge. The vaccination of young people is hampered by severe side effects experienced by some individuals and concerns voiced by parents, which makes the process difficult. This paper examines literature and gathers data from sources such as CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and World Health Organization database to analyze the impact of three major COVID-19 vaccines on adolescents. The analysis focuses on vaccination responses and associated effects, aiming to provide references for future epidemic prevention. In addition, the suggestions may increase parents' trust in vaccines, provide them with important information, and help the vaccination of teenagers go more smoothly.
Impacts of wildfires and strategies to accelerate secondary succession: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Cao Xingchen
Published: November 2023

Wildfires pose a significant and growing threat to ecosystems, leading to loss of biodiversity, water contamination, and alteration of habitats. This paper examines the devastating impacts of wildfires, with a focus on California, and explores the natural process of secondary succession in coastal forests. It further presents a comprehensive set of solutions to accelerate this process and mitigate the effects of wildfires. Strategies include immediate interventions like mulching, controlling invasive species through geo-spatial mapping, utilizing artificial structures such as seed banks and erosion control matting, and strategic planting and seeding. The paper emphasizes the need for collaboration among governments, researchers, and communities to implement these solutions effectively. It offers a roadmap for creating resilient ecosystems that can recover more quickly and sustainably from wildfires, highlighting the importance of innovation, education, and commitment to safeguarding our natural environment.
Advancements in the research of combining MRI and CRISPR technology for the treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Chen Weiyu , Huang Liyu , Huang Yujia , Liu Qi
Published: November 2023

Cancer remains a significant contributor to global mortality, posing a considerable public health challenge. Among the various types of cancer, breast cancer stands out as one of the most prevalent among women worldwide. Ongoing efforts are dedicated to the development of innovative treatments with minimal side effects. A groundbreaking genome technique for editing, CRISPR-associated protein-9 (Cas9), also known as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), has become an effective instrument for genetic modification. This technology has revolutionized genome editing across diverse biological fields, including its applications in genome therapy and tumor research. With ongoing advancements in sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained increasing recognition for the detection of breast cancer. MRIs capability to produce high-resolution images plays a pivotal role in aiding healthcare professionals in precise localization of breast masses, tumors, and other abnormalities. Additionally, it facilitates the assessment of parameters like tumor size, extent, and lymph node involvement, contributing to the formulation of more accurate treatment strategies. Here is a review summary of the combined utilization of MRI and CRISPR technology in breast cancer treatment. It explores the synergy between these two technologies, discussing their advantages and disadvantages and their potential to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes.
Blood-brain barrier on-a-chip and its application
Authors: Zhou Shutong
Published: November 2023

In the past five years, the organ-on-a-chip technology developed quickly and provided a novel platform for in vitro modelling and experimental testing. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important barrier separating the brain from the rest of the body, thereby protecting the brain from toxins. It is important to study the BBB in terms of its permeability to various molecules, not only identifying potential toxins that might harm the brain, but also to design administration routes for drugs targeting the central nervous system (CNS). This review will summarize various recent designs of the BBB chips and their pros and cons, as well as the future directions for the organ-on-chip technology.
Observational characteristics and causes of extreme heavy rainfall in typhoon Duksuri (2305)
Authors: Wang Liuming
Published: November 2023

Super Typhoon Duksuri (2305), made landfall in Fujian Province, causing significant impacts from July 27th to July 31st. The typhoon resulted in heavy to torrential rainfall in multiple provinces, particularly in southern Taiwan, eastern Fujian, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Daily accumulated precipitation reached a maximum of 200 to 220 millimeters. Using ERA5 reanalysis data and NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 reanalysis data, this article conducted an observational analysis of Duksuri. The results indicate that the interaction between subtropical high-pressure systems, typhoons, and the strong southeast and east winds created favorable conditions for the prolonged duration of Duksuri and extreme precipitation. The extreme rainfall in southern Taiwan and eastern Fujian was primarily caused by the abundant moisture associated with the typhoon itself. In contrast, the extreme rainfall in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was primarily due to the northward movement of the remnants of the typhoon, hindered by the high-pressure systems, resulting in longer and concentrated precipitation. Additionally, both regions are located on the windward slopes of mountainous areas, which significantly enhance the rainfall due to orographic lifting.
An experimental investigation on salt-finger convection
Authors: Wang Sijie , Liu Chang
Published: November 2023

This work investigates the vertical and horizontal characteristic velocities of salt-finger convection over different density ratios by experimentally adding various concentrations of salty, hot water into cold, fresh water in a water tank. salt fingers are visualized by dye and its displacement over time is obtained by recording and analysing video. These experiments effectively generate the phenomena resembling salt-finger micro-structure in the ocean. The vertical velocity is significantly increased by lowering the density ratio corresponding to a larger salinity difference between the top and bottom showing a stronger destabilizing effect. Tilted fingers that resemble the experimental and oceanography observations are also observed. We also observe a non-zero horizontal velocity implying the presence of staircases. Finger widths obtained from the experiments are compared with that predicted from the linear stability analysis, which is within the same order of magnitude.
The application of SIR model in COVID-19
Authors: Wu Jiayi
Published: November 2023

The SIR model was used to better comprehend and analyse the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. This mathematical framework splits the population into three compartments: suspectable, infectious, and recovered, allowing disease spread to be simulated across time. After making some essential assumptions of SIR model, the project illustrates the rate of suspectable, infected, recovered individuals over time by constructing several differential equations using specific parameters. Also, SIR model gives insights into expected disease trajectories, the impact of therapies, and other pertinent discoveries by including critical factors and assumptions. Researchers successfully anticipate disease trajectories using this simulation, indicating the usefulness of actions in preventing viral propagation. Researchers have found that the incubation period of COVID-19 has vital impact on the epidemic curve, which results in a slower growth in the number of infected people overtime and a delay in the upward slope of the infectious in the epidemic curve. The SIR models examination of epidemic curves has assisted in identifying the peak of infections, estimating the duration of outbreaks, and assessing the efficiency of public health measures in various context. Further study, continued data collecting, and integration with real-world data will improve the accuracy and usefulness of the SIR model, enabling evidence-based ways to combating COVID-19s issues.
Prediction of concrete strength using MCMC and GPR methods
Authors: Zhang Deren
Published: November 2023

Concrete strength prediction is a complex nonlinear regression task that involves multiple ingredients and age as key factors. In order to achieve accurate predictions, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) techniques are employed. The dataset, sourced from Kaggle repositories, comprises a comprehensive collection of 1030 data points. Alongside the existing features (content of ingredients, age and strength), we introduce new ones, including water-cement ratio, sand ratio, and water-binder ratio, to enhance the model's credibility. To determine the optimal kernel function, the dataset is partitioned into training and testing subsets. Notably, the MCMC method yields an R2 of 0.41, while GPR demonstrates a significantly improved R2 of 0.89. Further investigation is warranted to refine the model's fit and optimize its predictive capacity.
Earthquake wonders: High school investigation in mortise tenon structures
Authors: Yang Aijia
Published: November 2023

Frequent global earthquakes lead to catastrophic property damage and casualties due to building collapses. However, the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake showcased an exception: the Forbidden City, constructed with wooden materials and featuring mortise-tenon structures, remained unscathed among surrounding destruction. This study investigates the earthquake-resilient attributes of wooden mortise-tenon joints utilizing economical high school equipment. An innovative low-cost sensor system, featuring custom instrumented hammer, is developed and validated. Calibration of the hammer's impact force employs correlation with acceleration data from a standardized scale weight during impact. The system's reliability is tested by comparing resonance frequencies from Finite Element modal analysis and experimental data for a cantilever beam. Impact hammer tests assess frequency response and damping across buildings with various joint configurations. Mortise-tenon joints display augmented frictional damping due to internal displacement. Through simulated vibration acceleration responses, a crucial finding emerges---integration of mortise-tenon joints translates to an impressive 11.0% reduction in earthquake vibrations. This research underscores the potential of accessible high school devices in advancing seismic engineering insights.
The performance and application of sweep wing aircraft
Authors: Chen Kainan
Published: November 2023

With the development of science and technology, more and more civil and military aircraft have adopted swept-back wing shapes. this paper explores the relationship between the angle of swept-wing and the lift, drag and lift-drag ratio of the aircraft, and expounds it in combination with the actual swept-wing aircraft, such as Boeing737 and MIG-23 to find the best sweep angle of the aircraft in the appropriate range and analyze the effect of swept wing angle on flight speed. This paper studies and analyzes the data through literature retrieval and data processing and cites data models from many academic journals. The experimental data are mainly derived from computational fluid dynamics and wind tunnel simulation. This paper finds that a wider sweep angle can result in better aerodynamic performance, suited for supersonic flight, while a smaller sweep angle can result in a better lift-drag ratio, it is suitable for takeoff and landing of aircraft and low-speed flight attitude.
Speed regulation of electric vehicle motor based on PID control
Authors: Zhu Qing
Published: November 2023

Electric vehicles, as a new technological advancement in the automotive industry for addressing energy and environmental issues, have become a hot topic in both domestic and international car development. The electric vehicle generator, which plays a crucial role, is a key component of electric vehicles. The Alternating Current (AC) motor in electric vehicles is highly efficient and widely used in various fields. Therefore, studying AC motors holds significant theoretical and practical significance. This article first explains the car model and the principle of the electric motor, followed by an analysis of the ProportionalIntegralDerivative (PID) principle. Finally, through PID control, the simulation of the electric vehicle's speed is conducted to achieve better stability and economy. The experiments demonstrate that by improving the phase margin and stability of the lag compensator and feedback loop system, the driving comfort and practicality of electric vehicles can be effectively enhanced.
Fetal health screening model and element analysis
Authors: Huang Yuqi
Published: November 2023

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals has mentioned to reduce child mortality. That is also a crucial indicator of human progress. The UN hopes that all countries will eradicate preventable deaths of newborns at the end of 2030. Cardiotocogram (CTG) can be used to identify in-danger women during pregnancy. The aim of this article is to apply machine learning algorithm techniques on CTG data to ensure fetal well-being. CTG data of 2126 samples and 22 variables were obtained from the CTG exams on Kaggle. Two different classification models were trained through the data. In order to predict Normal, Suspect, and Pathological fetal states, each class had its own sensitivity, precision and F1 score. Each model has its overall accuracy. Determined by obstetricians interpretation of CTG, Normal state accounted for 57%, Suspect state accounted for 23% and Pathological state accounted for 20%. The classification models generated by Logistic Regression and Random Forest to predict the suspect and pathological state of the fetus by tracing CTG. They had high precision of 86% and 94% respectively. However, the classification model developed by Random Forest had higher prediction accuracy for a negative fetal outcome. Healthcare workers without professional training in low-income countries have the opportunity to utilize this model for the purpose of prioritizing pregnant women in hard-to-reach regions, ensuring they receive timely referrals and appropriate follow-up care.
An approach to simulate basic concepts of mathematics with object-oriented programming
Authors: Dai Siyang
Published: November 2023

Traditional approaches to using data structures mainly focus on the improvement in algorithm efficiency but rarely take advantage of object-oriented programming that can simulate the definition of mathematic concepts in a way that is similar to human thinking mode, so traditional approaches cannot satisfy the need of simulating sets and their features and operations for mathematics studies. In this paper, the author pointed out the disadvantages of traditional ways, proposed a series of hypotheses describing the relationship between sets and classes such as inheriting and inclusion relationships and a way based on those hypotheses using features of object-oriented programming, and used C#, one of the best object-oriented programming languages, to simulate sets and their features. In addition, for each hypothesis, the author raised examples with C# codes that realize the theory in this paper, clearly showing the approach proposed in this paper and why it is both efficient and elegant.
Calculating non-scalar diffraction efficiently via merging Braunbek method and Bluestein method
Authors: Yang Thomas Zhirui
Published: November 2023

Diffraction is an optical phenomenon that is commonly investigated for its applications in many optical systems, such as diffractive optical elements, microscopy, and coronagraphs. Current models for predicting diffraction typically suffer from either efficiency or accuracy. This paper addressed both issues by implementing techniques inspired by Braunbek method and Bluestein method. A modification to the Kirchhoffs boundary conditions is used to improve the theoretical model, and the Chirp-z transform is applied instead of the fast Fourier transform for more flexible calculations. A comparison between diffraction patterns for different models shows that the new method exceeds in accuracy. A comparison of time between numerical methods demonstrates that the chirp-z transform is faster in computation than the fast Fourier transform by about a minute. The method introduced provides many implications, such as the enhancement of dynamic optical systems and the improvement of flexibility in other realms of numerical Fourier transform.
Application of magnus effect on wings
Authors: Zhang Qin
Published: November 2023

As an important part of the aircraft, the wing provides enough lift for the aircraft, but also creates additional drag. An effective wing design guarantees sufficient lift while minimizing the impact of drag on the aircraft. Aerodynamic analysis is an interdisciplinary research in the course of wing design. In this paper, the design of Magnus type is discussed by means of computational fluid dynamics. First, the airfoil with Magnus rollers was designed. Then, the key parameters such as rotational speed and Angle of attack are studied. Through the analysis of the line chart and calculation domain image of the calculation results, the results show that the installation of Magnus roller on the wing can effectively increase the lift and reduce the drag. With the increase of the rotational speed of Magnus Roller, the lift generated is larger. In the process of increasing the rotational speed, the reflux area behind the airfoil keeps decreasing until it disappears. It is proved that the Magnus airfoil can effectively avoid the phenomenon of airflow separation and avoid the stall of the aircraft. The conclusion can provide theoretical basis for the optimization design of the new generation aircraft airfoil.
Microelectronics innovation and implementation in intelligent transportation systems
Authors: Zhu Bo
Published: November 2023

Under the background of urbanization and rapid development of transportation, the innovation of intelligent transportation system has become the key to improving traffic efficiency, relieving traffic pressure, and solving traffic problems. With the continuous progress of microelectronics technology, its application in the field of intelligent transportation is becoming more and more eye-catching. This paper focuses on the innovation and realization of micro-electronic technology in intelligent transportation system, and discusses the application of micro-electronic technology in intelligent navigation, intelligent parking, traffic flow optimization, etc. Through a literature review approach, this study demonstrates how microelectronics technology can drive the development of intelligent transportation systems to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban transportation. The research results show that microelectronics technology not only brings revolutionary changes to the field of intelligent transportation, but also provides accurate positioning and navigation functions in intelligent navigation systems, realizes more efficient parking process management in intelligent parking systems, and plays a key role in traffic flow optimization. Microelectronic technology has wide application prospects and a positive social influence in the field of intelligent transportation.
Analysis of the Pneumatics principles of several aircrafts
Authors: Zhan Shiyi
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the advancement of science and technology, particularly the development of flight control technology, has driven the progress of aircraft technology, which facilitates the rapid development of many kinds of aircraft. Pneumatics, the mechanics of gas flow, is used to study aerodynamics. In the design and manufacturing of aircraft, gas flow has a significant impact on the movement, control, attitude, stability, and other aspects of the aircraft. This paper describes the basic Pneumatics principles in aircraft design: aerodynamics is the discipline that studies the interaction between airflow and aircraft, it is the core foundation of aircraft external shape design, a pivotal discipline in overall design, and a prerequisite for conducting design analyses in fields, it plays a crucial role in aircraft design and force analysis for the aircraft, and this paper also introduces the aerodynamic layout design and aerodynamic characteristics of tilt-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), multi-rotor aircraft and bionic flapping wing aircraft, so as to offer some references for future study of air vehicles.
The optimization method for alleviating the congestion during peak hours of Guangzhou metro line 3 is based on thorough research and analysis
Authors: Luo Zuolin
Published: November 2023

The proportion of subway usage in citizens' daily travel increases everyday, but overcrowding during peak hours remains a problem. Studying the characteristics of passenger flows in subways during peak hours is meaningful and a basic requirement to ensure the operation of stations. Although there are various reasons for the surge in passenger flows during peak hours, the fundamental solution is to control the passenger volume within the acceptable range of the station. Therefore, studying appropriate flow control methods to alleviate overcrowding during peak hours is practically valuable for urban development and citizens' lives. To solve this problem, the existing solutions usually involve flow restrictions or diversion, resulting in additional consumption with limited effectiveness. This paper focuses on the overcrowding phenomenon during the evening rush hour of the subway. A route selection model is proposed based on passengers' tendency to choose the route with the minimum negative utility (long travel time, discomfort, etc.) to achieve the feasibility of reducing passenger flow during peak hours, with the objective function set as the minimum value. To optimize the model, decision nodes for constrained routes are provided based on the calculation process of the search decision points and passenger volume threshold set by facility capacity, i.e., when the actual capacity exceeds the threshold. Subsequently, reasonable restrictions are set on the decision nodes of the minimum utility function route to prevent many passengers from entering the platform. Several methods, case analysis and data importation, can effectively ensure the safe and efficient operation of the station.
Research on function optimization problem based on Newtons method
Authors: He Junlong
Published: November 2023

Optimization is important because it helps improve efficiency, reduce waste, and achieve better outcomes in various fields such as business, engineering, and science. It enables organizations and individuals to make the most of their resources and capabilities, ultimately leading to increased productivity, cost savings, and better overall performance. The main focus of this paper is on studying how to optimize results when solving mathematical problems. We use optimization in mathematical problems to achieve the best possible solution or outcome by efficiently utilizing available resources and constraints. This helps us make informed decisions, save time, and find solutions that are both effective and efficient. The main focus of this article is to explore what Newton's method is, its fundamental principles, and its practical applications in solving mathematical problems. It delves into how Newton's method can be employed to achieve optimization within mathematical problem-solving contexts. The article discovers that utilizing Newton's method to solve mathematical problems for computational optimization is a favorable choice.
The formation and evolution of black holes
Authors: Wang Ziqin
Published: November 2023

The concept of Black Holes was first introduced as a prediction by Eisteins Theory of General Relativity and later solved by the Schwarzschild Solution in 1915. A point of mass to great that the bend in space time as a result doesnt allow even light to escape its gravitational pull within the Event Horizon, a point of infinite density and a point at which the laws of time break down. Formation of Black Holes are of interest in many fields of not only Astrophysics but the Physics as a whole. For example it can tell us about the structure and rotation of galaxies which in turn reveals properties of Dark Matter while features such as Hawking Radiation help to further link the world of quantum mechanics to Eisteins Theory of General Relativity. Stellar Black Holes are the remains of enormous stars which has collapsed after running out of fuel for nuclear fusion to continue. These objects can be found throughout the galaxy but most importantly at the center of each galaxy lies a Supermassive Black Hole such as Sagittarius A* at the centre of the Milky Way which has a massive of 4.6 million solar masses, the process by which these Supermassive Black Holes form remain unknown till this day. Black Holes have been notoriously hard to detect due to the fact that they cannot be seen and only through the analysis of orbits of objects around it can its properties like mass be determined. Their mystical nature is exactly why Black Holes draw so much interest within the Astrophysics community today. The formation of such large celestial objects has been debated among Physicists for decades and this paper aims to review current understandings and existing research on the formation of Black Holes to provide an overview on the collapse of stars and the processes with which the core may evolve into a black hole.
Kriittiset tilanteet, väkivalta ja niihin liittyvä stressi ensihoitajien työssä
Authors: Nordquist Hilla
Published: November 2023

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää suomalaisten ensihoitajien kohtaamia kriittisiä tilanteita, väkivaltaa ja niihin liittyvää stressiä. Tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin EMS Critical Incident Stress -kyselyllä, jossa oli listattuna 31 ensihoitajien työn kriittistä tilannetta. Vastaajat (N = 436) raportoivat työuransa aikana kohtaamiensa kriittisten tilanteiden määrän ja arvioivat niihin liittyvää, viimeisen kuuden kuukauden sisällä kokemaansa stressiä. Aineisto analysoitiin logistisella regressioanalyysilla, khiin neliö -testillä, Kruskal-Wallis -testillä ja Mann-Whitney U-testillä. Yleisimpiä kriittisiä tilanteita, jotka sisälsivät uhan ensihoitajaa itseään kohtaan, olivat tuttujen henkilöiden kohtaaminen ensihoitotehtävillä, mahdollisessa hengenvaarassa olo, aseella uhatuksi tuleminen, aggressiivisten väkijoukkojen kohtaaminen ja pahoinpitelyn kohteena oleminen. Kriittisistä potilastilanteista kuoleman kohtaaminen monessa muodossa, pahoinpidellyn aikuisen kohtaaminen, seksuaalisesti hyväksikäytetyn aikuisen ja eri tavoin laiminlyötyjen ikääntyneiden kohtaaminen erottuivat yleisyydellään muista ensihoitajien kriittisistä tilanteista. Erilaisten kriittisten tilanteiden kohtaaminen yleistyi työuran edetessä. Työkokemusvuodet olivat myös yhteydessä aseellisen uhkauksen ja pahoinpidellyksi tulemisen kokemiseen. Koetulla väkivallalla oli yhteys ensihoitajien työkykyyn ja palautumiseen. Kriittisiin tilanteisiin liittyvän stressin aiheuttajina erottuivat erityisesti ensihoitajan itsensä tekemät virheet sekä erilaiset lapsiin kohdistuneet rikokset ja onnettomuudet. Tällaisella stressillä oli yhteys ensihoitajien työkykyyn ja palautumiseen. Johtopäätöksenä on, että monet ensihoitajien yleisimmin kohtaamista kriittisistä tilanteista ovat taustoiltaan tahallisia ja rangaistavia tekoja, eivätkä onnettomuuksia. Lisätutkimuksia, mielellään pitkittäisasetelmalla, tarvitaan erityisesti kriittisten tilanteiden luonteesta ja ilmaantuvuudesta, väkivaltakokemusten vaikutuksista sekä ennaltaehkäisy- ja tukistrategioista, joilla turvataan ensihoitajan hyvinvointi ja kyky suoriutua työstään myös tulevaisuudessa.
Rikosprosessin portinvartijat – Lähisuhdeväkivallan rikosluonteen rajanveto poliisin puuttumisen näkökulmasta
Authors: Fagerlund Monica
Published: November 2023

Lectio praecursoria
Monica Fagerlundin väitöskirja ”Rikosprosessin portinvartijat – Lähisuhdeväkivallan rikosluonteen rajanveto poliisin puuttumisen näkökulmasta” tarkastettiin Helsingin yliopiston valtiotieteellisessä tiedekunnassa 10.6.2023. Vastaväittäjänä toimi tutkimusprofessori Timo Harrikari Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitokselta ja kustoksena yliopistonlehtori, dosentti Virve-Maria Toivonen Helsingin yliopiston Kriminologian ja oikeuspolitiikan instituutista. Väitöskirjan yhteenveto on luettavissa verkko-osoitteessa http://hdl.handle.net/10138/357913
A morphological Study of Anatomical Variations of Frontal Sinus in Adult Libyan People Using CT Scan
Authors: Almasheety Asil. A . , Karwad Mustafa A , Haidar Murshed H.
Published: November 2023

Background: The structure of the frontal sinus varies greatly, and these differences influence the onset and progression of clinical diseases. Frontal sinus morphology is unique to each individual and may be used to properly identify people. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the morphometric anatomical variations of the frontal sinus in adult Libyan people using a CT scan in relation to gender. Method and result: 147 patients (78 females and 69 males) were included in this study. Patients were divided into three groups regarding their frontal sinus pneumatization extent on the orbital roof: group 1 pneumatization (small), group 2 pneumatization (medium), and group 3 pneumatization (large). We found that the most common frontal sinus type is medium-sized (37.75 %), followed by the small (24.8%) and large (22.8%) types, respectively. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in terms of frontal sinus type (P-value = 0,311). We recorded aplasia in 17.7% of all patients, which included (bilateral in 9.5%, left unilateral in 2% and right unilateral in 6.1%). In conclusion, we classified frontal sinuses using the categorization established by Stokovic et al. and showed that pneumatization patterns differ even between two opposite sides of the same individual.
Diagnosis Aspek yang Berkaitan dari Pergantian Petugas Medis RS “X”
Authors: Yaser Mohamad
Published: November 2023

Introduction: The study extensively investigates the factors associated with employee turnover, particularly concentrating on nurses, at Hospital "X". Hospitals play a pivotal role in providing healthcare services to communities, but intense competition and societal changes have implications for employee turnover, including that of nurses. The turnover rates of nurses in the years 2019-2021, encompassing the period from January to October, depict figures of 15.5%, 14.7%, and 23.6% consecutively. Employing a dual-pronged methodology encompassing quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research aimed to identify the driving forces behind employee turnover at Hospital “X”
Methods: The study is an analytical study using mixed method measurements, using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to understand the cause of employee turnover at Hospital “X”. This study was conducted between November 2020 and February 2022. The quantitative study population was all 79 nurses who resigned.
Results: The qualitative insights derived from (FGD) outcomes emphasize that remuneration, the work environment, growth prospects, recognition, and external job offer collectively shape employee turnover patterns at Hospital “X”. While most of these aspects are adequately addressed, suggestions are made for refining issue-resolution strategies within management and facilitating better access for employees residing beyond the local area. In the quantitative analysis, The analysis findings underscore that specific variables exhibit a significant correlation with the factors prompting resignations, whereas others lack such a discernible link. Notably, gender, age, and education level demonstrate limited influence on reasons for resignations, whereas marital status, recruitment origin, and tenure significantly impact the decision to leave.
Discussion: In conclusion, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of the variables impacting employee turnover rates, particularly those concerning nurses, at Hospital “X”. The amalgamation of findings from quantitative and qualitative analyses furnishes a more holistic comprehension of the subject, serving as a foundation for management to enhance retention strategies and foster an environment conducive to a motivated workforce. The research significantly contributes to unraveling the intricacies of hospital organizational dynamics and fostering initiatives to retain highly skilled personnel.
Destination psychological ownership, environmental awareness and sustainable practices: A study among inbound UK and Chinese adults of Generation Zs
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Ali Anees Janee bin , Iqbal Qaisar
Published: November 2023

Sketching on psychological ownership-attitude-behavior theory, the present study examines the effect of destination psychological ownership on Generation Z’s tourist environmental attitude, which in turn influences their sustainable behavior. This study also investigates the conditional impact of environmental awareness on the ecological attitude-sustainable behavior relationship. Using a purposive sampling approach, the authors collected data from inbound Generation Z tourists in the UK and China through a survey. The findings concluded with a significant positive impact of destination psychological ownership on Generation Z’s environmental attitude. The current evidence also supports the positive effect of ecological attitude on Generation Z’s sustainable behavior. The present work offered robust evidence that environmental awareness moderates the environmental attitude-sustainable behavior relationship in Generation Z. Concerning UK and Chinese cultural differences, the findings concluded with variations among their Generation Z tourist destination psychological ownership, ecological attitude and sustainable practices. Implications and limitations have also been elaborated on at the end.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding The Administration Of the Pentavalent Vaccine Among Health Care Workers In Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR: A Mixed Method Approach
Authors: Samontry Bounthome , Vongsy Manyvanh , Trang Do , Chaleunvong Kongmany , Sychareun Vanphanom , Durham Jo
Published: November 2023

Knowledge and practice regarding the administration of the pentavalent vaccine among health care workers in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR: A mixed method approach
Abstract
Background: The pentavalent vaccine is an essential, cost-effective public health measure to reduce preventable premature child mortality and childhood mobility and contributes to lowering the spread of vaccine-preventable diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice of providing pentavalent vaccines and its related factors among health care workers (HCWs).
Method: This was a cross-sectional analytical study, using the qualitative and quantitative methods. The study was conducted in nine district hospitals and 33 health centers in Vientiane Capital. In total, 184 health care workers were involved in the study and in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 HCWs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to determine the factors associated with the knowledge and the practice of pentavalent vaccines. A thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data.
Results: The results showed that more than half (63.3%) had poor knowledge of the pentavalent vaccine, while about two thirds (65.7%) reported good practices for delivering the pentavalent vaccine. In the multiple logistic regression, significant factors associated with the knowledge of the pentavalent vaccine were the qualification of HCWs (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=1.1 – 6.3, p=0.030), receiving training on vaccines (AOR=3.4, 95% CI=1.7 – 6.8, p<0.001), and incentives of working for vaccination programmes (AOR=2.7, 95% CI=1.2 – 6.1, p=0.020). The qualitative study revealed the need to improve supply-side determinants including increased training to improve the health staff’s competency, knowledge and practice of immunization.
Conclusion: The data from this research indicated that more than half of the HCWs had poor knowledge about the pentavalent vaccine, despite vaccination practice being relatively good. There was a correlation between improved knowledge, with those HCWs who had higher education, and received training and incentives. These findings demonstrate there is a need for more efficient training and the continuous education of HCWs in the field of immunization.
Keywords: Pentavalent vaccine, health care workers, knowledge and practice, Lao PDR.
Recent advances in peptide-based nanovaccines for re-emerging and emerging infectious diseases
Authors: Orosco Fredmoore
Published: November 2023

Peptide-based nanovaccines have emerged as promising strategies for combating re-emerging and emerging infectious diseases. They exhibit excellent immunogenicity and therapeutic potential. They have shown the ability to elicit robust immune responses, including activation of antigen-presenting cells, induction of specific antibodies and T-cell responses, and generation of memory immune cells. This comprehensive review article aims to provide a thorough overview of recent advances in the field, including self-assembling peptide-based nanovaccines, immunological mechanisms, structural design approaches, and utilization of various nanomaterials. Overall, peptide-based nanovaccines hold great promise in combating infectious diseases. Precise design and assembly of targeted and tailored immune responses will enable effective prevention, treatment, and long-term protection. Further research is needed to optimize their efficacy, safety, and clinical translation. The knowledge gained from these studies will pave the way for a future with more effective immunotherapeutic interventions against infectious diseases.
La réduction des modèles hydrologiques pour des applications pratiques moins fastidieuses
Authors: Delay Frédérick , Ackerer Philippe
Published: November 2023

Ce travail constate qu’il peut très souvent persister des incohérences entre la complexité des modèles hydrologiques (qui progressent en fonction de la connaissance acquise du fonctionnement du milieu naturel) et les données disponibles pour la documentation du modèle et son application. Ainsi, les modèles hydrologiques «  intégrés  » traitent de la dynamique hydrique complète d’un bassin versant mais ne sont conditionnables que sur des données qui ne distinguent que très partiellement toute la dimension de l’écoulement. Il est proposé de réduire ce type de modèle en agrégeant sa physique pour en réduire la dimension euclidienne. Le modèle devient alors un outil manipulable et en meilleure adéquation avec les données d’observation. Paradoxalement, la complexité de la physique d’un modèle peut aussi en faciliter la réduction. Traiter par exemple des écoulements dans un aquifère carbonaté par une approche double continuum augmente le nombre de paramètres locaux comparé à une approche simple continuum. Cependant, l’hétérogénéité structurale du réservoir étant inscrite dans les équations du modèle, la paramétrisation à l’échelle de l’aquifère se simplifie fortement. La réduction est ici le fait d’une diminution des efforts de conditionnement du modèle sur les données ; les exercices d’inversion et de prédiction deviennent abordables. Finalement, il semble aujourd’hui nécessaire d’envisager et jauger les progrès réalisés par les modèles, d’une part sur leur complexité accrue, d’autre part sur la capacité de réduire cette complexité en fonction des applications ciblées et des informations disponibles.
Un nucinulide (Brachiopoda, Rhynchonellida) nouveau de l’Emsien (Dévonien) du massif Armoricain (France)
Authors: Brice Denise , Mottequin Bernard
Published: November 2023

Le nucinulide Palinulus armoricanus nov. sp. (brachiopode rhynchonellide) est abondant au sein du membre inférieur de la Formation des Marettes qui était autrefois exposée au sein d’une tranchée temporaire à La Lézais (Gahard), au nord de Rennes dans le Synclinorium du Ménez Bélair (Massif Armoricain). Les conodontes, brachiopodes et autres faunes associées indiquent un âge emsien supérieur (partie inférieure). Palinulus armoricanus nov. sp. a de nombreux caractères communs avec deux espèces reconnues dans l’Emsien de la partie septentrionale du Gondwana, à savoir Palinulus zairensis Sartenaer, 2005 de l’Anti-Atlas marocain et Palinulus saharensis Brice et al., 2011 du Maroc oriental (Tafilalt), ainsi qu’une espèce non formellement dénommée et identifiée sous le nom d’« Uncinulus pila (Schnur, 1851) » par Schumann (1965) qui provient du Nord de l’Espagne (Chaîne Cantabrique). Cela conforte les reconstitutions paléogéographiques qui soulignent des liens étroits entre l’Afrique du Nord, le Massif Armoricain ainsi que la Péninsule Ibérique : domaine Ibarmaghien = domaine Ibérique-Armoricain-Maghrébin sensu Plusquellec (1997).
Extension d’un niveau repère riche en Inoceramus Crippsi [bivalve] dans le cénomanien basal du bassin anglo-parisien
Authors: Amédro Francis , Matrion Bertrand , Touch Rodolphe , Verrier Jean-Marie
Published: November 2023

Un horizon d’abondance de l’espèce Inoceramus crippsi Mantell, 1822, associée à l’huître Rastellum carinatum (Lamarck, 1806) et aux ammonites Sharpeiceras laticlavium (Sharpe, 1855) et S. schlueteri Hyatt, 1903, existe à la base des craies cénomaniennes dans le bassin anglo-parisien. Sa continuité est démontrée depuis les falaises des côtes de la Manche jusqu’aux départements de l’Aube et de la Marne. Ce niveau repère, daté par les ammonites de la zone à Mantelliceras mantelli et plus précisément de la sous-zone à Sharpeiceras schlueteri, est situé juste au-dessus des niveaux transgressifs de base du Cénomanien. Il est aisément reconnaissable sur le terrain et dans les sondages et très utile pour effectuer des corrélations précises au sein du bassin.
Le Givétien de la Villede-d’Ardin (sud du massif armoricain, France) : une série discordante sur un socle cadomien ?
Authors: Bouton Pascal , Camuzard Jean Pierre
Published: November 2023

Les grès et calcaires givétiens d’Ardin (Deux-Sèvres, France) affleurent à l’extrémité sud-est du Sillon houiller vendéen. Cette faille namuro-stéphanienne est un des grands décrochements crustaux sud-armoricains installés à l’emplacement de la zone de suture varisque entre le Gondwana et la microplaque Armorica. Épaisse d’environ 400 m, la série givétienne s’est déposée sur un domaine stable et peu profond. Elle débute par des conglomérats quartzeux monogéniques et se termine par l’installation d’un récif à tétracoralliaires, stromatopores et brachiopodes (Stringocephalus). Ses trilobites (Dechenella) constituent l’unique exemple de faune d’affinité morave connu dans le Massif armoricain. Cette affinité plutôt nord-gonwanienne s’exprime également avec les brachiopodes du Cambrien supérieur (Billingsella) de l’Unité voisine de Puyhardy. Le Givétien repose sur une série très déformée, l’Unité de RocCervelle, précédemment attribuée au Cambrien ; il nous paraît aujourd’hui plus logique d’en faire un équivalent du Protérozoïque des Mauges dont la structuration est cadomienne. La seule déformation enregistrée par le Givétien est sa verticalisation lors du serrage qui affecte le bassin du Carbonifère supérieur ; c’est une autre particularité du Givétien, car les dépôts du Paléozoïque inférieur et moyen des unités voisines de Puyhardy et de Chantonnay ont été déformés entre le Dévonien supérieur et le Namurien, c’est-à-dire lors de la phase structurale majeure du Domaine sud-armoricain.
Un affleurement temporaire exposant le contact entre les formations de Beaulieu et de Ferques (Frasnien, Boulonnais)
Authors: Mistiaen Bruno , Brice Denise , Loones Christian , De Sousa Anthony
Published: November 2023

Le sommet du Membre des Pâtures (membre supérieur de la Formation de Beaulieu) et une bonne partie du Membre de Fiennes (membre inférieur de la Formation de Ferques) appartenant tous deux au Frasnien moyen et à la zone à conodontes moyenne à asymmetricus (= zone à punctata) ont été observés de façon momentanée lors du creusement d’une tranchée pour l’installation de nouveaux équipements sur le site des Carrières de Stinkal, à Ferques (Boulonnais, France). Un niveau, riche en brachiopodes décalcifiés, a été échantillonné au sommet du Membre des Pâtures, qui n’avait jusqu’ici jamais fourni de faunes. Il a livré, par ordre d’abondance, les espèces Cyrtospirifer syringothyriformis, Rigauxia acutosina, Comiotoechia barroisi et Spinatrypa ? sp. qui sont brièvement discutées. L’intérêt de l’étude de tels affleurements temporaires est ainsi mis en évidence.