bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A manifestação do comércio justo em organizações sociais híbridas e suas consequências na formação da força de trabalho em cooperativas
Authors: Cezar Layon Carlos , Rosa Alexandre Reis
Published: August 2022

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar como o perfil da força de trabalho de uma cooperativa de cafeicultores certificada pelo Fairtrade, tem potencial para influenciar no projeto híbrido de organização. A discussão teórica está fundamentada no hibridismo organizacional e no movimento do comércio justo instituído pelo sistema Fairtrade. A investigação foi conduzida de forma qualitativa, a partir de um estudo de caso realizado em uma cooperativa do interior do Espírito Santo. A coleta de dados foi realizada tendo como base a triangulação de entrevistas semiestruturadas; realizadas com os membros da cooperativa, observações; realizadas nas dependências da organização e propriedades rurais dos cooperados e, documentos; fornecidos pela organização. A análise dos dados foi desenvolvida pela técnica de análise de conteúdo com o uso do software Atlas.ti. Os principais resultados apontam para a formação de um perfil influenciado pelas demandas da comunidade local, como meio para alinhar os interesses particulares ao propósito da certificação, subvertendo assim aos interesses de mercado para imprimir sua identidade e garantir a atuação de forma híbrida.
O papel da resiliência na relação entre o estresse e a satisfação no trabalho
Authors: Silva Karlene Minely Nepomuceno , D'Angelo Marcia Juliana
Published: August 2022

Esse estudo examina o efeito mediador da resiliência na relação entre o estresse laboral e a satisfação no trabalho. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com uma amostra de 418 trabalhadores de empresas que atuam no Brasil, analisados por meio da modelagem de equações estruturais e análise de permutações. Os resultados mostram que a resiliência contribui para reduzir os impactos do estresse laboral na satisfação no trabalho, indicando que o desenvolvimento e o aprimoramento da resiliência deveriam ser estimulados nas organizações, para que os funcionários possam enfrentar as adversidades. No tocante às diferenças entre os grupos dos millennials (até 29 anos) e dos pós-millennials (acima de 29 anos), as evidências mostram que os funcionários mais velhos conseguem ser mais resilientes, ou seja, lidam melhor com colegas e situações difíceis e inesperadas e aceitam os desafios que contribuam para o crescimento profissional.  A principal contribuição teórica desse estudo é o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa empírica quantitativa que relaciona o estresse laboral e a satisfação no trabalho (consequente) influenciados pela resiliência em um modelo parcimonioso, ainda não considerado na literatura.
SOCIAL WORKERS’ PARTICIPATION IN SELF-CARE PRACTICES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: TURHAN Zeynep , GENC Emel
Published: August 2022

Social workers often fail to practice self-care due to the heavy caseloads and societal expectations about being always on the service, which does not let them have sufficient time to do self-care activities for their well-being. This study aimed to examine how social workers prepare for the inevitable stresses and secondary trauma and what the key factors of participation in self-care practices are for them. To examine this issue, a narrative style literature review was designed. According to the literature review, in 8 studies meeting inclusion criteria, organizational self-care support was the important factor for social work professionals’ participation in self-care activities. The synthesis of the literature review suggested that human services and social work agencies should recognize multiple factors of attending self-care practices and its relationship with the degree of motivations in their engagement in self-care. This article contributes to the debates around how social workers apply and engage in self-care practices in the reduction of secondary traumatic stress.
Marketing Strategy on Hasanah Saving Products at KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah Semarang
Authors: Nurudin Nurudin
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose - This study aims to find out what a hasanah savings product is and the marketing strategy implemented by KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah Semarang.Method - This research is a type of field research conducted at KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah Genuk Semarang to explore relevant data or primary and secondary data sources. The author collects data by interview, observation, and documentation. The collected data is then analyzed by analytical descriptive method.Result - The marketing strategy carried out by KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah is advertising by KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah in the form of brochures, internet, MMT and souvenirs. In addition to advertising, there is also personal selling, in practice marketing KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah serves and influences, offers, and directly disseminates its products to partners. There is also publicity carried out by KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah through tausiyah activities at the school foundation which is a mandatory activity once a month in the last week of the month accompanied by door prizes.Implication - This research can be used as a reference in marketing KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah hasanah savings products.Originality- The marketing strategy used in marketing KSPPS Berkah Mitra Hasanah hasanah savings products in Semarang is through advertising in the form of brochures, internet, MMT and souvenirs, besides that there are tausiyah activities and door prizes.
Materiales cementantes suplementarios como alternativa para la disminución del fenómeno de corrosión en estructuras de concreto reforzado
Authors: Landa Gómez Aldo Emelio , Fajardo San Miguel Gerardo , Cruz Moreno Dulce , Orozco Cruz Ricardo , Galván Martínez Ricardo
Published: August 2022

Este trabajo de investigación muestra la contribución de los materiales cementantes suplementarios (MCS) en la disminución del fenómeno de corrosión en el acero embebido en concreto ternarios. Se elaboraron sistemas acero-concreto ternario, constituidos por acero AISI 1018 (AC) embebidos en concretos ternarios con relación agua/cemento de 0.45. Se realizaron sustituciones parciales con respecto a la masa de cemento portland ordinario (CPO) por ceniza de bagazo de caña de azúcar (CBCA) y ceniza volante (CV) en un 10, 20 y 30 %, el valor de estos porcentajes corresponde al 50 % de CBCA y 50 % de CV. Los sistemas fueron evaluados con la técnica electroquímica de resistencia a la polarización (Rp), donde se analizó la densidad de corriente de corrosión (icorr) y la velocidad de corrosión (Vcorr) como indicadores para evaluar el fenómeno de corrosión. El sistema acero-concreto con el 20 % de sustitución (AC-CT20), disminuyó la Vcorr en un 89 % con respecto al sistema de referencia (AC-REF). Este resultado se atribuyó a que el AC se encuentra en estado pasivo, lo que se asoció con la fomación de la película pasiva que se confirmó con el valor de la media de icorr  de 0.09 µA/cm2.
Umidade ótima do solo para fins de disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos
Authors: Roessler Guilherme Andreata , Rodrigues da Silva Vanderlei , Dreifke Baldez Sabrina , De Borba Willian Fernando
Published: August 2022

A geração de resíduos sólidos aliado à disposição desses resíduos de maneira adequada são fatores determinantes em aterros sanitários tanto para a questão ambiental quanto para a saúde pública. Nesse contexto, as variáveis físicas do solo com relação a permeabilidade do solo são essenciais para a segurança da operação dos aterros. Diante disso, esse estudo tem por objetivo determinar a umidade ótima do solo para a sua máxima compactação. O estudo foi desenvolvido na área de um aterro sanitário, localizado no noroeste gaúcho. O solo local é um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO, no qual foi realizado o ensaio de compactação pelo método do Proctor e posterior determinação da condutividade hidráulica saturada, por meio do permeâmetro de carga constante. Os resultados indicaram uma porcentagem de argila de 65 %, o que resultou em um teor de umidade ótima de 34 %, densidade máxima de 1.395 kg/m³, condutividade hidráulica saturada de 2,1 x 10-6 cm.s-1. Com isso, conclui-se que o solo argiloso, apresentou os valores mínimos propostos pela legislação vigente para operação de aterros sanitários de resíduos urbanos, além de servir como auxílio no processo de tomada de decisão por órgãos gestores.
Methodical Approach to the Complex Description of Information Protection Object
Authors:   United Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kruglikov Sergey , Kasanin Sergey ,   United Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuleshov Yuri ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics
Published: August 2022

Purpose: on the basis of analysis of a comprehensive approach to the assessment of threats to information security to substantiate a methodological approach to a comprehensive description of the object of information protection with an assessment of its risks. Offer a tool for building private models and information security management system. Research method: use of partial integral index of security, which reflects the average risk of damage during the implementation of a threat of a certain type and characterizes the degree of danger. Analysis of the architecture of the object of assessment in relation to possible violations of information security, information security risk assessment using the apparatus of the theory of fuzzy sets when considering the methodological approach to a comprehensive description of the object of information security with an assessment of its risks. Result: proposed a comprehensive approach to assessing threats to the security of information. The assessment of the state of the protection object in case of violation of security is carried out with the help of particular integral index of security, which characterizes the possibility of inflicting damage in its implementation, according to which the ranking is made. On the basis of this methodical approach to complex description of the object of information protection with an assessment of its risks, using analysis of architecture of the object in application to possible violations of information security, and also making an assessment of risk using the apparatus of the theory of fuzzy sets is substantiated. This methodical approach is a formal tool for building private models and information security management system as a whole. On the basis of these models, it is possible to develop: methods of quantitative estimation of security; methods and approaches to the description of the factors influencing security; methods of security estimation of operating systems with use of the methodological approach to information systems security.
Analysis of Models and Techniques Used for Attribution of Cyber Security Violators in the Implementation of Targeted Attacks
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotenko Igor , Khmyrov Semyon ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the paper: analysis of models and techniques used for attribution of cybersecurity violators in the interests of building a promising attribution system in the implementation of targeted attacks against critical information infrastructure objects. Research method: system analysis of open sources of data on the attribution of cyber-violators in the implementation of targeted attacks against critical information infrastructure objects over a period mainly over the last 5 years. The result obtained: based on the consideration of open sources, the paper presents an analysis of the models and techniques used to attribute cyber intruders in the implementation of targeted attacks and used both in scientific and practical projects. The paper analyzes new models used for attribution, allowing the collection of data at the tactical-technical and socio-political levels. The main indicators of ongoing cyber attacks and intruders that are essential for the implementation of attribution processes are identified. The procedure for generating data for profiling cybergroups is considered, as well as the possibility of using the considered models and techniques in the interests of building a promising system for attribution of a cyber intruder in the implementation of targeted attacks against critical information infrastructure objects. The analysis was carried out according to sources over a twentyyear period, meanwhile, the main works under consideration were published in the last 5 years. The analysis does not claim to be complete, but an attempt is made to cover the most significant studies. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that the presented paper is one of the first domestic works that provides a detailed analysis of studies published in recent years in the field of attribution of cyber security violators. Models such as «cyber intrusion chain», «unified cyber intrusion chain», Diamond basic and extended intrusion analysis models, ATT&CK model are considered. Examples of attribution methods for argumentation-based reasoning with evidence at the technical and social levels and the use of technical artifacts to identify false flags in attribution are given. Besides, the paper also lists trends in the usage of modern solutions for detecting and attributing attacks based on artificial intelligence and machine learning.
Modiﬁcation of Epidemiological Model for Predicting the Development of a Socially Signiﬁcant Infection (by the Example of Chronic Viral Hepatitis C)
Authors: Yakhina R. A.
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: to develop, evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of an epidemiological model for the development of chronic viral hepatitis C, with the ability to predict the number of people who need to be tested for the presence of the virus.

Materials and methods. In our study, we used official data for the Republic of Bashkortostan on the spread of chronic viral hepatitis C (annual dynamics of cases) in the period from 2005 to 2020, which were provided at our request by the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital. Demographic indicators for births and deaths were taken from the annual statistical report of Bashkortostanstat. The study considered 2 mathematical models: 1) Model SIR considers three groups: susceptible (those who have not yet become infected), infected and dropouts (those who have recovered or died). 2) The STIRD model is the SIR model, improved by the author, which takes into account five population groups: susceptible (those who have not yet become infected), tested (those who have been in contact with the infected people and require a test to clarify the diagnosis), infected, dropouts (those who recovered) and deceased.

Results: from 2015 to 2017, the model provided representative data on the forecast of the infected people, the error was about 1.5-4%, but after this period, starting from 2018, the error rate became critical and the model lost its representativeness. To explain this phenomenon, there are 2 reasons: the first is the easy availability of drugs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, the second is the need to use Markov models in the model, since the calculation does not take into account the dynamics of changes in the coefficients of the model. As a result of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, the error was more than 166%, this is due to a decrease in contacts between people and, as a result, a sharp decrease in the incidence of chronic hepatitis C.

Conclusion. The complete epidemiological STIRD model proposed by the author (taking into account the demographic change in the structure of the population) has shown itself well in medium-term forecasting up to three years. A significant advantage of this model specification compared to other epidemiological models is the ability to predict the number of diagnostic laboratory tests needed to detect a virus in humans. This is important, since the diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C is covered from compulsory medical insurance and regional budgets. Epidemiological modeling opens up great opportunities for developing scenarios for combating viral hepatitis C, especially with its chronic form, because, according to WHO, each country has the opportunity to completely get rid of this socially significant infection by 2030.
LA RESOLUCIÓN CONTRACTUAL ANTICIPADA. BASES PARA UNA PROPUESTA DE SOLUCIÓN EN EL DERECHO CHILENO
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile, Mora Moscoso Patricia , Fuentes Guíñez Rodrigo ,   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Published: August 2022

El trabajo analiza el problema de la resolución contractual anticipada, a la luz de la doctrina y Derecho nacional. Si bien el Código Civil no consagra una regla precisa que permita aceptarla, se propone una solución a partir de la buena fe contractual, en su función integradora de obligaciones de lealtad y comunicación entre las partes.
Inhibition of the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway using Small Molecule Inhibitors:
Targeting Colon Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Omar Aadilah , Ruff Paul , Penny Clement
Published: August 2022

Background: The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is a key regulator of many important processes
in vertebrate embryonic development, including stem cell maintenance, cell differentiation, tissue
polarity and cell proliferation. During pathway activation, Ptch no longer inhibits Smo and the full
length Gli translocates to the nucleus resulting in the transcription of oncogenes. When constitutively
activated, this leads to tumorigenesis in several human cancers. Cyclopamine acts as an antagonist of
the HH signalling pathway by directly binding to the Smo heptahelical domain. The involvement of
this pathway in metastasis, and its presence in cancer stem cells (CSCs), makes it a valid option for
developing a targeted therapeutic against it.

Methods: CSC were isolated from DLD1 and HT29 cell lines using magnetic cell separation labelling
the CD133 receptor. The growth patterns of isolated CSCs (CD133 positive) in comparison to
non-stem cells (CD133 negative) were analysed using real-time cell impedance assays (RTCA).
Thereafter, adhesion, invasion and migration assays were performed with the application of small
molecule inhibitors. The expression levels of CD133 and SHH were evaluated using confocal microscopy
following treatment with cyclopamine.

Results and Discussion: Growth of CSCs appeared to be slower than non-CSCs. Adhesion, invasion
and cell migration were inhibited when CSCs were pharmacologically treated either with cyclopamine
or SANT-2 (a synthetic analogue of cyclopamine), small molecule inhibitors of the HH pathway.
Using confocal microscopy the cell surface expression of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) was significantly
decreased following treatment with cyclopamine, while the expression of CD133 remained
unaffected.

Conclusion: Considering these in vitro results, small molecule inhibitors targeting the SHH pathway
appear to be promising therapeutic tools for the treatment of metastatic colon CSCs.
The GPCR Antagonistic Drug CM-20 Stimulates Mitochondrial Activity in Human RPE Cells
Authors: Chang Qing , Chen Siquan , Yang Tahua
Published: August 2022

Background:

Mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a pathogenic factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Improvement of mitochondrial function may ameliorate RPE bioenergetics status, which may in turn nourish the retinal photoreceptors against degenerative loss.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to examine the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) antagonistic drug CM-20 in modulating mitochondrial function in RPE cells.

Methods:

Human-derived ARPE-19 cell line was differentiated to improve RPE morphology. Dose response of CM-20 was performed to examine mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Secondary validation with multiplexed live-cell mitochondrial imaging was performed. Protection of CM-20 to mitochondria against oxidative stress was detected under co-treatment with hydrogen peroxide.

Results:

Treatment with CM-20 elicited a dose-dependent increase of MMP. Multiplexed live-cell mitochondrial imaging showed consistent increase of MMP at an optimal concentration of CM-20 (12.5 µM). MMP was significantly reduced under hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and treatment with CM-20 showed rescue effects to MMP.

Conclusion:

CM-20 increases mitochondrial function and protects mitochondria under oxidative stress. As both GPCRs and mitochondria are potential drug targets, retinal neuroprotective testing of CM-20 is warranted in animal models of retinal degeneration.
Prevalence of Prehypertension among Saudi Adults: A Narrative Review
Authors: Al-Kadi Hanan
Published: August 2022

Background:

Prehypertension is a pre-disease state wherein an individual has a blood pressure (BP) measurement above normal (≥120/80 mmHg) but below the hypertensive range (<140/90 mmHg). Large population-based studies have shown that individuals with a BP in the prehypertensive range have an increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular events. Despite these risks and high mortality rates associated with pre-hypertension, there are currently no reviews that define the prevalence of pre-hypertension in the Saudi population.

Objective:

To determine the magnitude of the pre-hypertension problem among Saudi adults and identify areas for future research based on the current gaps in the literature.

Methods:

This narrative review considers studies addressing the prevalence of pre-hypertension among Saudi adults; 8 studies were identified for this review.

Results:

In total, 14,782 men and women participated in these studies. The overall prevalence of pre-hypertension in both sexes ranged from 18.5-54.9%. Men had higher rates of pre-hypertension (24.7-66.1%) than women (7-48.1%).A modifiable risk factor reported in the majority of the studies was increased adiposity.

Conclusion:

Lifestyle changes to reduce weight may be effective in preventing or at least delaying the progression to hypertension and its associated cardiovascular events. Large, prospective, epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the risk of incident hypertension and cardiovascular events in pre-hypertension patients. Randomized clinical trials are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification and/or pharmacotherapy in reducing the risk of incident hypertension.
Radicular Dens in Dente: Review of the Literature with Report of a Rare Case in a Child
Authors: Boaz Karen , Natarajan Srikant , Suprabha Baranya Shrikrishna , KP Nandita , Lewis Amitha J. , Deepak Sriranjani , Manaktala Nidhi
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Dens invaginatus is an extremely rare developmental disturbance that can occur in primary, permanent, or supernumerary teeth due to invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla during tooth development. The clinical recognition of the radicular variant of dens in the dente is challenging as it is mostly asymptomatic with a normal-appearing clinical crown and is incidentally discovered in radiographs.

Case presentation:

This report describes a case of the radicular variant of dens in dente that involved the mandibular lateral incisor in an 8-year-old child. The affected tooth was symptomatic and was extracted as a part of treatment.

Conclusion:

Although the present case required extraction since it was associated with periapical infection, in other cases, treatment may be rendered with appropriate restorative/endodontic procedures with a keen intent to avoid sacrificing the involved tooth as has been reported earlier and reviewed herein.
Complementary Effect of Electro Acupuncture on Refractory Head and Neck Myofascial Pain: A Retrospective Investigation of Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Bugshan Amr S. , Natto Zuhair , Maloney Georg E. , Farag Arwa M.
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Acupuncture (AC) is among the complementary treatment modalities to manage chronic myofascial pain. The aim of this investigation was to assess the additive effect of AC in reducing the intensity of primary chronic myalgia/myofascial head and neck pain in patients using oral orthotic appliances (OA).

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was conducted for 103 patients diagnosed with primary chronic myalgia/myofascial pain and received OA with/without AC at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM). Subjective reporting of face/TMJ/neck pain was recorded at the initial visit and at short-term and long-term follow-ups using patient-reported pain/discomfort numeric rating scale (NRS).

Results:

Most subjects were females (77.7%) with the mean age of the entire study population being 53 years old. In patients with refractory response to OA, combining AC with OA showed significant improvement in NRS score compared to baseline, in TMJ pain (P=0.023), neck pain (P= 0.055), facial pain (P=0.006). The addition of AC to OA has also brought refractory pain to low levels, comparable to what OA-only respondents reported [TMJ pain (P= 0.395), neck pain (P=0.694), face pain (P=0.553)].

Conclusion:

AC may provide a complementary therapeutic modality to manage refractory cases of primary chronic myofascial pain.
An Integrative Literature Review on Factors Affecting Breastfeeding in Public Spaces
Authors: Nyaloko Madimetja , Lubbe Welma , Minnie Karin
Published: August 2022

Background:

Breastfeeding in public spaces remains a challenge for mothers globally. This review aims to synthesise the available published evidence to understand factors that affect breastfeeding in public spaces globally.

Methods:

The current review was conducted using a systematic review methodology guided by Whittemore and Knafl's integrative literature review steps. The relevant studies were digitally searched on EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases. The review included literature from 2013 to 2018 to ascertain the factors affecting breastfeeding in public spaces. The screening concerned three rounds, including studying topics, abstract scrutinising, and ultimately checking content. Included studies were critically appraised by two reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme checklist. Data were pooled from included studies using a matrix. Finally, the data were synthesised and analysed to identify new themes relevant to the review topic.

Results:

There were 224 studies retrieved that discussed breastfeeding. However, only six research studies met the inclusion requirements and were subjected to the review procedure. The included studies were reviewed and integrated into four themes: lack of support, sexualisation of breasts, media, and culture.

Conclusion:

The findings indicated that mothers are unsupported to breastfeed in public spaces, posing a barrier to exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, the main focus should be on educating community members regarding the advantages of breastfeeding to support, encourage, and promote breastfeeding whenever and wherever inclusive of public spaces.
Demonstration and Performance Evaluation of Two Novel Algorithms for Removing Artifacts From Automated Intraoperative Temperature Data Sets: Multicenter, Observational, Retrospective Study
Authors: Bardia Amit , Deshpande Ranjit , Michel George , Yanez David , Dai Feng , Pace Nathan L , Schuster Kevin , Mathis Michael R , Kheterpal Sachin , Schonberger Robert B
Published: August 2022

Background

The automated acquisition of intraoperative patient temperature data via temperature probes leads to the possibility of producing a number of artifacts related to probe positioning that may impact these probes’ utility for observational research.

Objective

We sought to compare the performance of two de novo algorithms for filtering such artifacts.

Methods

In this observational retrospective study, the intraoperative temperature data of adults who received general anesthesia for noncardiac surgery were extracted from the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group registry. Two algorithms were developed and then compared to the reference standard—anesthesiologists’ manual artifact detection process. Algorithm 1 (a slope-based algorithm) was based on the linear curve fit of 3 adjacent temperature data points. Algorithm 2 (an interval-based algorithm) assessed for time gaps between contiguous temperature recordings. Sensitivity and specificity values for artifact detection were calculated for each algorithm, as were mean temperatures and areas under the curve for hypothermia (temperatures below 36 C) for each patient, after artifact removal via each methodology.

Results

A total of 27,683 temperature readings from 200 anesthetic records were analyzed. The overall agreement among the anesthesiologists was 92.1%. Both algorithms had high specificity but moderate sensitivity (specificity: 99.02% for algorithm 1 vs 99.54% for algorithm 2; sensitivity: 49.13% for algorithm 1 vs 37.72% for algorithm 2; F-score: 0.65 for algorithm 1 vs 0.55 for algorithm 2). The areas under the curve for time × hypothermic temperature and the mean temperatures recorded for each case after artifact removal were similar between the algorithms and the anesthesiologists.

Conclusions

The tested algorithms provide an automated way to filter intraoperative temperature artifacts that closely approximates manual sorting by anesthesiologists. Our study provides evidence demonstrating the efficacy of highly generalizable artifact reduction algorithms that can be readily used by observational studies that rely on automated intraoperative data acquisition.
Public Use of the “Your COVID Recovery” Website Designed to Help Individuals Manage Their COVID-19 Recovery: Observational Study
Authors: Baldwin Molly M , Daynes Enya , Chaplin Emma , Goddard Amye , Lloyd-Evans Phoebe H I , Mills George , Hong Annabel , Gardiner Nikki , Singh Sally J
Published: August 2022

Background

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented pressure was placed on health care services globally. An opportunity to alleviate this pressure was to introduce a digital health platform that provided COVID-19–related advice and helped individuals understand and manage their COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, in July 2020, the Your COVID Recovery website was launched by the National Health Service of England with the aim of creating a practical tool that provides advice and support to individuals recovering from COVID-19. The website includes information on many of the key COVID-19 symptoms. To date, public use of the Your COVID Recovery website and user behavior remain unknown. However, this information is likely to afford insight into the impact of the website and most commonly experienced COVID-19 symptoms.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate public use of the Your COVID Recovery website, a digital health platform that provides support to individuals recovering from COVID-19, and determine user behavior during its first year of operation.

Methods

Google Analytics software that was integrated into the Your COVID Recovery website was used to assess website use and user behavior between July 31, 2020, and July 31, 2021. Variables that were tracked included the number of users, user country of residence, traffic source, number of page views, number of session views, and mean session duration. User data were compared to COVID-19 case data downloaded from the UK government’s website.

Results

During the study period, 2,062,394 users accessed the Your COVID Recovery website. The majority of users were located in the United Kingdom (1,265,061/2,062,394, 61.30%) and accessed the website via a search engine (1,443,057/2,062,394, 69.97%). The number of daily website users (n=15,298) peaked on January 18, 2021, during the second wave of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. The most frequently visited pages after the home page were for the following COVID-19 symptoms: Cough (n=550,190, 12.17%), Fatigue (n=432,421, 9.56%), Musculoskeletal pain (n=406,859, 9.00%), Taste and smell (n=270,599, 5.98%), and Breathlessness (n=203,136, 4.49%). The average session duration was 1 minute 13 seconds.

Conclusions

A large cohort of individuals actively sought help with their COVID-19 recovery from the website, championing the potential of this tool to target an unmet health care need. User behavior demonstrated that individuals were primarily seeking advice on how to relieve and manage COVID-19 symptoms, especially symptoms of cough, fatigue, and musculoskeletal pain. COVID-19 rehabilitation programs should use the results of this study to ensure that the program content meets the needs of the post–COVID-19 population.
Identifying Parental Needs When Caring for a Child or Adolescent With Cancer: Participatory Design Study
Authors: Nielsen Camilla Littau , Clemensen Jane , Holm Kristina Garne , Jensen Claus Sixtus , Callesen Michael Thude
Published: August 2022

Background

Survival possibilities among children and adolescents (referred to as “children”) with cancer have increased, resulting in more children and parents living with sequelae and psychological distress, respectively. Childhood cancer treatment is intensive and long term and affects the everyday life and functioning of the whole family, including daily and social life restrictions and hospitalizations, which force the parents to split up between the hospital and home to care for both the ill child and siblings and manage their jobs and homelife routines. Adequate parental coping strategies are essential for family adjustment and the child’s coping ability. Parenting a child with cancer, however, is challenging and stressful.

Objective

This study aimed to identify parental needs when caring for a child with cancer.

Methods

Using a participatory design approach, we generated data through field studies and semistructured interviews with parents of children receiving treatment at Odense or Aarhus University Hospital and focus group interviews with parents of children who have completed treatment within the past 2 years.

Results

The parents felt trapped in an endless, emotional roller-coaster ride of fear, hope, grief, and mental and emotional exhaustion and had very limited resources for self-care. The presence of support from peers, health care providers, and relatives was a facilitator of successfully coping with the illness. In contrast, full-time isolation in the hospital, due to COVID-19 restrictions, was a barrier and linked with feelings of loneliness. Loneliness was also experienced as navigating difficult emotions when responding differently from the spouse or not feeling understood by relatives.

Conclusions

Parents of children with cancer face many stressors that may become a psychological burden. New innovative approaches to provide psychosocial support, taking into account that the families are periodically isolated, are needed. For this goal, technological solutions may be useful and should be the focal point of this study’s experimental design phase.
Relationships Among eHealth Literacy, Health Literacy and Physical Activity of Chinese College Students: A Prospective Path Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: LIU Hua Xuan , CHOW Bik Chu , HASSEL Holger , HUANG YaJun Wendy , WANG Run Bin
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Although eHealth literacy (EHL) was raised on the ground of health literacy (HL), few empirical studies were found to examine the association between them. The relationship between these two literacies still remains uncertain. Exploration on the relationship can contribute to demonstrate the differences between EHL and HL, and help deeper understand both of the concepts. In addition, recent studies have explored HL issues in daily life, linking HL closely to lifestyle behaviors. As one component of lifestyle behaviors, physical activity (PA) has been identified as an important health outcome of HL, yet few studies about HL or EHL in conjunction with PA has been conducted. Research on explaining the underlying mechanism for EHL or HL impacting PA is warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the relationships among health literacy, eHealth literacy and physical activity.

METHODS

An integrated social-cognitive model based on the social cognitive theory (SCT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was proposed. A prospective design was applied in data collection section. A total of 280 Chinese college students (56%female, age=21.2 ± 1.35 years) completed both the baseline survey (T1) and the 1.5-month-later follow-up (T2). Correlation analyses and path analysis were performed to test the proposed model and assess the associations among EHL, HL and PA.

RESULTS

Self-perceived EHL was found to significantly associate with self-perceived HL (β=0.22, p＜0.01), but had no relationship with HL actual performance. Significant mediation effects of self-efficacy (β=0.39, p＜0.001) and social support (β=0.06, p＜0.05) were found on the relations from self-perceived EHL to PA intention. Self-efficacy was also found to negatively mediate the relation between self-perceived HL and PA intention (β=-0.1, p＜0.01). Additionally, stronger PA intention successfully predicted more PA participation one and a half month later (β=0.22, p＜0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

A model based on the theory of planned behavior was proposed and tested in the current study to explore the relationships among eHealth literacy, health literacy and physical activity. The findings specifically highlighted that self-efficacy and social support played different roles in relationships from HL to PA and from EHL to PA, suggested a new underlying mechanism for constructing EHL and HL interventions in future studies.
Adapting Transportation Planning e-Tools to Older Adults’ Needs: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Tahir Sahar , Abdulrazak Bessam , Baillargeon Dany , Girard Catherine , Provencher Véronique
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Aging is often accompanied by a decrease in physical and sensory capacities and financial resources, which makes travel and the use of public transport a big challenge for older adults. These mobility limitations may prevent them from going out for groceries, medical appointments, or entertainment, which increases the risk of social isolation. A key element in helping older adults to maintain healthy aging and social engagement is to foster autonomy, freedom, and active mobility. A transportation planning e-tool can provide older adults with information about transport and trip options. There are many transportation planning e-tools, but little is known about whether and how their characteristics and functionalities address older adults’ needs and preferences.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to map existing transportation e-tools and identify gaps to be filled in order to match their functionalities with older adults’ needs and preferences.

METHODS

A scoping review of existing transportation planning e-tools was conducted based on the approach developed by Arksey and O’Malley. A search in the scientific literature (Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SocINDEX, and ERIC) as well as gray literature (TRID Database, Google Scholar, Proquest, Google Play, etc) was conducted in June 2020 and updated 3 times; in September 2021, December 2021, and May 2022. After the studies were selected, a comparative analysis was performed by 2 evaluators; an occupational therapy student and a computer science student. These e-tools were analyzed with respect to some characteristics (eg, tool’s development status, target customers, and geographic coverage) as well as 10 functionalities (time autonomy, walkability, crowd avoidance, incline avoidance, weather consideration, dark avoidance, winter obstacles avoidance, amenities inclusion, taxi driver’s information, and support affordance) that we defined based on older adults’ needs and preferences (mainly Canadians). These needs were identified from a literature review and confirmed by workshops (focus groups).

RESULTS

The scientific and gray literature search yielded 463 sources, and 42 transportation e-tools were included. None of the e-tools reviewed addresses all 10 functionalities. More specifically, functionalities such as dark avoidance and support affordance were not addressed by any of the included e-tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Most of the e-tools currently available to plan trips do not address older adults’ needs and preferences. The results of this scoping review helped fill this gap by identifying functionalities to include in transportation planning e-tools designed to promote active aging. The findings of this study highlight the need to use a multicriteria optimization algorithm to address older adults’ mobility needs and preferences.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/33894
TruGraf® Long-term Clinical Outcomes Clinical: TRULO Trial Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Stach Leslie , Hickey Janelle , Fleming James , Cober Tim , Kawano Allison , Szczepanik Amanda , Watson Alicia , Weems Juston , West-Thielke Patty
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Kidney transplant provides survival benefits to many patients in end stage renal failure. Advancements in medicine and technology have provided significant improvements in short term outcomes; however, long term outcomes are still lacking. Early events such as the diagnosis and treatment of subclinical rejection can modify the course of events and contribute to better long- term survival. Non-invasive blood-based biomarkers provide opportunity to aid in early diagnosis of subclinical rejection and allow for earlier intervention.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate long term clinical outcomes in kidney transplant patients undergoing non-invasive rejection monitoring with the OmniGraf® biomarker panel (TruGraf® and TRAC™)

METHODS

The TRULO (TruGraf Long-term Clinical Outcomes) study is a prospective, multi-center, observational study evaluating quarterly surveillance and additional testing when rejection is suspected (for cause) with the OmniGraf biomarker panel, which includes both TruGraf® Gene Expression Profile and TRAC™ donor-derived cell free DNA (dd-cfDNA). The TruGraf test is a qualitative, “rule out” assay that confirms if a patient’s peripheral gene expression is similar to a biopsy confirmed phenotype of no rejection (immune quiescence). TRAC™ dd-cfDNA utilizes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in genes of the organ donor compared to the recipient to estimate the fraction of circulating cfDNA originating from donor. Recent data support that utilizing a combination of gene expression and dd-cfDNA may be complementary in aiding the diagnosis of subclinical rejection.

The TRULO study will collect data over a 2-year study period with 2000 subjects at about 50 US transplant centers. The primary end point is a composite of the occurrence of either biopsy proven acute rejection (on a for cause biopsy) OR a decrease from baseline in eGFR >10ml/min at 2-years post-enrollment. A key secondary endpoint is the evaluation of the clinical utility surveys performed with each set of TruGraf and TRAC results.

RESULTS

Enrollment is competitive with 50 total enrolling sites. As of July 2022, 1324 patients have been enrolled with data collection in process.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a need for laboratory monitoring specific for immune status and rejection risk, in particular subclinical rejection that occurs prior to a rise in serum creatinine. TRULO aims to evaluate long term clinical outcomes in kidney transplant patients undergoing non-invasive rejection monitoring with the OmniGraf® biomarker panel.
Engagement, Use and Impact of Digital Mental Health Resources for Diverse Populations in COVID-19: Community-Partnered Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Wells Kenneth , Thames April Denise , Young Alexander S , Zhang Lily , Heilemann MarySue V. , Romero Daniela Flores , Oliva Adrian , Jones Felica , Tang Lingqi , Brymer Melissa , Arevian Armen
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic increased disparities for communities burdened by structural barriers, such as shortage of affordable housing or work opportunities, with mental health consequences. These impacts are noted across age groups, with mental health consequences.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate engagement in and impact of free, digital mental health resources, Together for Wellness/Juntos por Nuestro Bienestar (T4W/Juntos) developed with stakeholder input to support well-being during COVID-19 in California.

METHODS

T4W/Juntos was evaluated by stakeholder groups inviting providers, clients and partners to visit website and complete surveys at baseline (9/20/21-4/4/22) and 4-6 week follow-up (10/22/21-5/17/22). Engagement in website use was assessed by mean of three items (ease of use, satisfaction, relevance), comfort in use, and actual use (any and across six resource categories). Outcomes at follow up were depression (PHQ2) and anxiety (GHQ2) symptoms (primary); and behavioral health hotlines and services use (secondary). Multiple regression was used to identify predictors. Of 366 eligible, 315 (86.1%) completed baseline and 193 (61.3%) completed follow-up.

RESULTS

Mean baseline website engagement was associated with Hispanic ethnicity, English language preference for website, and COVID behavior changes; and those with more COVID behavior changes reported greater comfort using the website, each p<=.002. Greater website engagement was associated with less follow-up depression (PHQ2>=3) (p=.01); and website use predicted reduced pre-post PHQ2 score (p=.004). Greater engagement and comfort using the website predicted reduced follow-up hotline use (each p<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Ethnicity/language and COVID behavior changes were associated with website engagement, which predicted reduced follow-up depressive symptoms and hotline use. Findings may inform future research and policy on digital resources.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Analisis Keekonomian Skenario Pengelolaan Sampah di TPA Gunung Panggung Tuban Jawa Timur
Authors: Ula Rahmah Arfiyah , Haryanto Iman , Prasetya Agus
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis keekonomian pada skenario alternatif pengolahan sampah yang melibatkanan aerobic digestion (AD), pengomposan, dan landfilling. Penanganan sampah menggunakan beberapa metode alternatif selain dumping dan landfilling atau keduanya diperlukan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan. Penelitian terdahulu menggunakan pendekatan life cycle assessment (LCA) menunjukkan bahwa skenario tersebut memberikan dampak potensi pemanasan global yang lebih rendah di TPA Gunung Panggung, Kabupaten Tuban. Analisis kelayakan ekonomi menunjukkan hasil positif dengan nilai benefit cost ratio (BCR), net present value (NPV), dan internal rate return (IRR) masing-masing sebesar 1,62, Rp34.893.409.826,37, dan 34,07%. Analisis sensitivitas dilakukan dengan memvaria- sikan harga produk dan biaya produksi. Adanya perubahan harga tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap nilai kelayakan investasi ini.