bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editor's Introduction
Authors: Nelson Elizabeth Èowyn
Published: April 2021

Chaos and Interdisciplinarity, the theme of this volume of the journal, reflects the topic of the June 2019 conference of the Jungian Society for Scholarly Studies held in Asheville, North Carolina. I doubt that anyone imagined how relevant the topic of chaos would be, several months later, as we go to press in March 2020. At the Spring Equinox, which reminds us of the fundamental fact of ceaseless change, humanity is facing the social, cultural, economic, and political chaos created by the COVID-19 pandemic. We do not know what the future holds. It is said that the opposite of chaos is order, but kindness may be its true opposite, or its antidote and medicine, when chaos is painful, when it spreads, disease-like, among persons. Kindness takes little effort, but it begins with attention—and attention is scarce when chaos reigns. Chaos distills attention into the present moment and draws the heart toward the thoughtful action one can take in the only moment there is. Then one chooses to be kind or cruel, generous of soul or miserly. Momentary acts of kindness are more than momentary medicine: they are a tincture that dissolves into the chaos and, when recollected hours, days, or months later, soothes our response to it. “Performing random acts of kindness and senseless beauty,” a popular motto years ago, is a flawed idea. Kindness should be intentional and habitual, a generous impulse from one soul to another. Better: Perform intentional acts of kindness and enduring beauty. And so, at this moment, I name the great acts of kindness that made the 2020 volume of the journal possible: our terrific editorial team, especially Heather, Lisa, Matthew, and Peter; our generous peer reviewers; and the artists, poets, and scholars whose work is featured in these pages. The contributors explored the topic of chaos from a rich array of disciplines, including anthropology, art history, biology, climate science, complexity theory, cultural studies, ecology, economics, ecopsychology, ethics, folklore, genetics, literature, mythology, neurobiology, psychedelic research, religious studies, and shamanic studies. Methodological approaches include arts-based research, autoethnography, case study, hermeneutics, and phenomenology. May our work be a contribution to a thoughtful world and a reminder that beauty is always worth creating.

Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson, General Editor
Peningkatan Implementasi Sanitasi Lingkungan melalui Pelatihan bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Bogor
Authors: Kusumanti Ima , Sitindaon Hanna Maria , Nurfatharani Fiha , Istiqomah Anisa
Published: April 2021

Clean and healthy life behavior (PHBS) in schools is an activity to empower students, teachers, and the community to run a healthy lifestyle and create healthy schools. The activity aims to socialize the importance of environmental sanitation in schools and raise awareness about the importance of environmental health in schools, through socialization and implementation training conducted in September 2020 in Bantarjati District, Bogor City, West Java. The activity was followed by students in grade 4 (four) elementary school totaling 35 students with implementation activities consisting of the preparation, core program and evaluation stages, then analyzed qualitatively through field observations and participant understanding interviews. The implementation of sanitation that has been carried out on students is one of the basic sanitation, which is washing hands and sorting waste by type. Minister of Health Regulation No. 3 of 2014 concerning STBM explains that washing hands with soap is the behavior of washing hands using clean running water and soap. Waste in general is divided into two, namely organic and inorganic waste. Both of these wastes have benefits for us, but they also have an impact on the environment. The results showed that the students' level of understanding at SDN 6 Bantarjati Bogor had a fairly good level. However, periodic socialization needs to be carried out as a process of forming student character and becomes a habit that is carried out so that it can be applied in everyday life through implementation training (practice).
Optimizing Optimalisasi Ketersediaan Produk-produk Pertanian Berbasis Organic Farming Menuju Gaya Hidup Sehat melalui Sistem Pertanian Terpadu
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Hazmi Muhammad , Wijaya Insan , Akhmadi Arief Noor , Wahyudi Muhammad Iwan
Published: April 2021

A crucial problem faced by the target village community is the inhibition of changing the paradigm of the farmer community on the process of changing the mindset and action patterns in organic and conventional cultivation systems. In fact, the potential for the application of organic farming in the village is wide open, because the market for organic fertilizers and biological pesticides has started to run. The objective of the IbDM program is to optimize the supply of organic-based agricultural products towards healthy living. The implementation method used to find solutions to problems is in the form of social engineering and technological engineering approaches through socialization and training. The approach taken to the engineering process is in the form of a participatory approach, empowerment, and inter-entrepreneurial development in an effort to strengthen the capacity of community human resources by involving stakeholders through the village system model. The results of program implementation are as follows: 1) Socialization of the IbDM program with the results of partners understanding intellectually about the concept of this activity and are ready to participate in building an organic village; 2) The organic village cycle has been implemented properly with the formation of the Organic Farming Institute (OFI)) Al-Istiqomah; 3) Soil sample analysis has been carried out with 10 types of complete analysis and a 3 hectare demonstration plot mapping has been carried out; 4) A comparative study has been carried out to Gapoktan Al-Barokah Bondowoso; 5) Training has been carried out on the manufacture of organic materials; and 6) The results of the participatory review showed the achievement of success indicators of 65% and OFI performance of 30.23% or semi empowered and ready to go organic.
The Effect of Type and Duration of Seed Storage on Sugarcane Growth
Authors: Parnidi Parnidi , Hamida Rully
Published: April 2021

Sugarcane propagation is mostly done by stem cuttings aged 5 to 8 months. Sugarcane seeds in the form of stalks have limited storage capacity, the germination of seeds will decrease rapidly if the seeds are stored for too long time. The high weight and volume for the use of sugarcane seeds is one of the limiting factors if planting is to be carried out far from the seed breeding place. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the type and storage time of sugarcane seeds on the growth of sugarcane.The research was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Garden Balittas in January-December 2016. The research was carried out in the field using a divided plot design with 3 replications. The main plot is the type of seed, namely B1 (bud sett) and B2 (bud chip). As subplots are the storage time P0 (without storage/control), P1 (24 hours storage), P2 (48 hours storage), and P3 (72 hours storage). The results showed that the germination power of bud set did not decrease significantly. The increase in germination and first count germination was noticeable at 24-72 h storage compared to control. The percentage of bud chip seed germination rate decreases with increasing storage time. In the polybags phase, the growth of bud sett seeds is faster than bud chip seeds. The growth of 3 months old plants after transplanting the number of seedlings of bud sets and bud chips was not significantly different. The variables of plant height, stem diameter and number of internodes were significantly different. All the observation variables at the age of 6 months showed no significant difference between bud set seeds and bud chip seeds.
Deteksi Api Pada Video Menggunakan Metode Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Rabbani Budiman
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The camera is one of the tools used to collect images. Cameras are often used for the safety of homes, highways and others. Then in this study camera captures are used to support fire objects because fire is one of the causes of safety that can be controlled. Therefore, by utilizing a capture camera will see the best model of backpropagation neural network by combining the local binary patern (LBP) feature extraction method and the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) to access the fire. Then to evaluate the performance of the model created using three parameters that contain accuracy, recall, precision. The data in this study consisted of videos with variations of fire and non-fire videos. Based on the final results of the study, accuracy, remember, the best precision obtained simultaneously 96%, 97%, 97%. Then the validation process was done using 30 videos with a variation of 15 fire videos and 15 non-fire videos and obtained an accuracy of 86.6% with an average time value of 6.029 minutes.
Пандемия COVID-19: особенности механизма действия лекарственных средств
Authors: Карева Елена Николаевна , Булгакова Виля Ахтямовна , Сереброва С. Ю. , Пшеничная Наталья Юрьевна , Олейникова Ольга Михайловна , Поромов Артем Андреевич , Волчкова Елена Васильевна , Фисенко Владимир Петрович
Published: April 2021

Рассмотрены основные лекарственные средства, используемые для лечения COVID-19 и его осложнений. Приведена краткая информация о молекулярных механизмах действия лекарственных средств этиотропного, патогенетического и симптоматического типа действия. Проведен сравнительный анализ имеющихся данных об эффективности и безопасности лекарственных средств, рисков межлекарственных взаимодействий. В настоящее время не существует доказанных эффективных методов лечения COVID-19. Быстро расширяющиеся знания о природе SARS-CoV-2 создают условия для увеличения количества потенциальных мишеней для лекарственных средств при COVID-19.
Разработка и внедрение в клиническую практику нового фармакологического вещества из класса диарилхинолинов
Authors: Кудлай Дмитрий Анатолеьвич
Published: April 2021

Высокий уровень резистентности микроорганизмов обусловливает формирование нескольких путей поиска новых антибактериальных лекарственных средств. Самым эффективным является разработка препаратов с новым механизмом действия, так как модификация молекул с известной активностью сопряжена с риском развития перекрестной резистентности с известными лекарственными средствами. Лекарственные препараты с новым механизмом действия не только позволяют взять под контроль заболевание, по причине временного отсутствия у возбудителя устойчивости к ним, но и снизить популяцию возбудителя с устойчивостью к «старым» лекарственным средствам, тем самым восстановив к ним чувствительность. Данный обзор посвящен истории открытия и изучения нового класса противомикробных препаратов из класса диарилхинолинов, одним из которых является бедаквилин — противотуберкулезное лекарственное средство с новым механизмом действия и высокой клинической эффективностью. Мишенью нового препарата является протоновая помпа АТФ-синтазы микобактерий, блокада которой вызывает дефицит выработки энергии и приводит к гибели микобактерий. Препарат показан больным туберкулезом, вызванным штаммами M. tuberculosis с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью.
Desain E-Module Tematik Berbasis Kesantunan Berbahasa Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Ningsih Sri Yunimar , Mahyuddin Nenny
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi pandemik dan kemajuan teknologi yang berkembang pesat di era rovolusi 4.0 yang menuntut pendidik memiliki kemampuan beradaptasi dengan teknologi baru dan tantangan global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-module tematik berbasis kesantunan berbahasa anak usia dini di taman kanak-kanak yang valid, praktis dan efektif.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (RD) menggunakan model ADDIE. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dengan validasi Aiken’ns V. Hasil uji validasi materi e-module oleh ahli materi dan oleh ahli media dinyatakan valid dan layak digunakan. Hasil uji praktikalitas e-module dinyatakan praktis. Hasil persentase efektifitas e-module dinyatakan efektif. Dapat disimpulkan desain e-module tematik berbasis kesantunan berbahasa anak usia dini di taman kanak-kanak dinyatakan valid, praktis dan efektif
Pengaruh Tahfidz Metode Talaqqi Online terhadap Pengenalan Hijaiyah TK Program Tahfidz Sleman
Authors: Prathiwi Shin , Syamsudin Amir
Published: April 2021

Program tahfidz semakin marak dilakukan secara implisit atau eksplisit pada kurikulum TK. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan menguji pengaruh kemampuan tahfidz metode talaqqi online (x) terhadap pengenalan huruf hijaiyah (y) pada anak TK program tahfidz. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif expost facto untuk mengungkap kondisi lapangan. Penelitian memperoleh hasil, diketahui pengaruh yang bermakna antara kemampuan tahfidz terhadap mengenal huruf hijaiyah. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu lembar tes dan observasi oleh guru. Teknik analisis pada penelitian ini memakai analisis SEM-PLS. Analisis dipilih disebabkan jenis data bersifat ordinal. Pengisian lembar tes dan observasi diwakili oleh guru berdasarkan jawaban anak, dikarenakan pengambilan data dilakukan secara online terdampak covid-19. Kebaruan penelitian ini yaitu metode tahfidz menggunakan talaqqi online.  Metode talaqqi online mendukung pelaksanaan kegiatan tahfidz dan pengenalan huruf hijaiyah anak.
Menakar Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Acara Televisi pada Anak Usia 6-8 Tahun
Authors: Sabardila Atiqa , Markhamah Markhamah , Arifin Zainal , Kusmanto Hari , Hidayah Lathifah Nurul , Kurniasari Anita Dewi , Saputro Duwi
Published: April 2021

Media pendidikan karakter tidak hanya terbatas pada buku teks, karya sastra, maupun ungkapan hikmah. Media pendidikan yang dapat digunakan selain yang telah disebutkan adalah acara televisi sebagai media pendidikan karakter. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam program acara televisi yang diminati anak-anak Sekolah Dasar (SD) kelas rendah (usia 6-8 tahun). Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam program acara yang diminati anak-anak SD. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah program acara televisi yang diminati anak-anak SD. Data-data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner, observasi dan dilanjutkan dengan teknik catat. Analis data penelitian ini menggunakan metode padan referensial atau analisis isi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat sepuluh nilai pendidikan karakter dalam program acara televisi yang diminati anak-anak SD. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada nilai pendidikan karakter dan nilai sosial budaya yang terkandung dalam acara tersebut.
Disproportionate Burden: Estimating the Cost of FAFSA Verification for Public Colleges and Universities
Authors: Guzman-Alvarez Alberto , Page Lindsay C.
Published: April 2021

Verification is a federally mandated process that requires selected students to further attest that the information reported on their Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is accurate and complete. In this brief, we estimate institutional costs of administrating the FAFSA verification mandate and consider variation in costs by institution type and sector. Using data from 2014, we estimate that compliance costs to institutions in that year totaled nearly US$500 million with the burden falling disproportionately on public institutions and community colleges, in particular. Specifically, we estimate that 22% of an average community college’s financial aid office operating budget is devoted to verification procedures, compared with 15% at public 4-year institutions. Our analysis is timely, given that rates of FAFSA verification have increased in recent years.
Paying for Whose Performance? Teacher Incentive Pay and the Black–White Test Score Gap
Authors: Hill Andrew J. , Jones Daniel B.
Published: April 2021

Teacher performance pay is often introduced with the goal of reducing gaps in test scores across groups, yet little is known about how well they achieve this aim. We ask, “Do test score-based teacher incentives impact the Black–White test score gap?” Using student–teacher matched data and a difference-in-differences approach in which the performance of a teacher’s students before and after the policy is compared, we find that performance pay increases the conditional Black–White gap. The effect is particularly evident when bonuses are large, consistent with a causal response to performance pay.
Immunohistochemical assessment of S100, Vimentin, PCNA, p53 and MMP-9 expressions in bovine melanomas
Authors: Karakurt Emin , Aydın Uğur , Beytut Enver , Kılıç Engin , Dağ Serpil , Nuhoğlu Hilmi , Yıldız Uğur , Yıldız Ayfer , Kurtbaş Emre
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the expression of PCNA, p53, MMP-9, Vimentin and S100 immunohistochemically and determine the aggressiveness in diagnosis of bovine melanomas. The material of this study consisted of melanoma biopsy samples taken from 10 cattle brought to our department. Tissue samples from cattle were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution. After routine procedures paraffin blocks were cut sections of 5 μm thickness. For bleaching, some heavily pigmented tumour sections were deparaffinized, hydrated, and incubated in 10% solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 5 hours at 65oC until sections appeared clear and Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was applied to the sections to detect histopathological changes. Sections were examined and photographed under a light microscope. Avidin-Biotin Peroxidase was used as the immunohistochemical method. We observed that the tumoral mass was solitary, firm, hairless, oval-round shaped and quite large. We detected spindle and epithelioid type tumoral cells containing a lot of large brownish-black granular melanin pigments in their cytoplasm. All melanoma cases were immune positive for S100, Vimentin, PCNA, p53 and MMP-9 expressions. In conclusion, we think that these immunohistochemical markers are quite convenient in evaluating the prognosis and diagnosis of bovine melanomas.
Situasi pendidikan,Situasi pergaulan
Authors: Muhlis
Published: April 2021

SITUASI PERGAULAN, SITUASI PENDIDIKAN DAN ALATPENDIDIKAN1Mutmainnah,2Nurfaizah,3Nurhayati,4Muhlis,1,2,3,4Institut Agama Islam Muhammadiyah Sinjaiimmawanmuhlis@gmail.comAbstrakKegiatan pendidikan yang terlaksana melalui hubungan atau interaksi pendidikan antara peserta didik dan pendidik, merupakan peristiwa dan sekaligus upaya yang istimewa dan unik. Istimewa karena dengan pendidikan itulah (individu-individu) manusia dipersiapkan untuk menjalani kehidupannya, dan diarahkan serta dimungkinkan untuk mencapai tujuan kehidupannya. Unik karena mengandung ciri-ciri khas yang tidak terdapat pada kegiatan pendidikan, yaitu adanya peserta didik, pendidik dan tujuan pendidikan, yang ketiganya terintregasi melalui proses pembelajaran yang terjadi pada suatu kondisi yang disebut situasi pendidikan. Peristiwa pendidikan terjadi dalam hubungan sosial antara pendidik dan peserta didik. Berkenaan dengan hubungan sosial ini, sejak awalnya para ahli dalam bidang Psikologi Sosial (antara lain dalam Harlow, McGange & Thomson, 1971) menampilkan berbagai pokok kajian tentang pengaruh sosial, salah atu diantaranya ialah konformitas. Konformitas merupakan pengaruh sosial dalam bentuk penyamaan pendapat atau pola bertingkah laku seseorang terhadap orang lain yang mempengaruhinya. Dalam hubungan pendidikan, konformitas terjadi pada peserta didik sebagai hasil pengaruh dari peserta didik.
test
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang
Published: April 2021

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Performance metrics of the fixed stress split algorithm for multiphase poromechanics
Authors: Dana Saumik , Jammoul Mohamad , Wheeler Mary
Published: April 2021

We focus on the performance of the fixed stress splitting algorithm for the immiscible water-oil flow coupled with linear poromechanics. The two-phase flow equations are solved on general hexahedral elements using the multipoint flux mixed finite element method, whereas, the geomechanics equations are discretized using the conforming Galerkin method. The effects of the coupling parameter on the performance of the fixed stress algorithm is demonstrated for the Frio oil reservoir site.
Third-party punishment promotes fairness in children
Authors: Martin Justin , Martin Sophia , McAuliffe Katherine
Published: April 2021

Third-party punishment can promote fair behavior. However, the mechanisms by which this happens are unclear. Third-party punishment may increase fair behavior by providing direct feedback, helping shape the behavior of those punished, or through an influence on reputation, by encouraging the transgressor to behave appropriately before a third-party audience. Investigating whether and how third-party punishment leads to fairness in children during middle childhood— a key developmental period in the emergence of fairness—presents an ideal context in which to explore these two mechanisms. Six to nine-year-old children (N = 121) allocated resources between themselves and a partner in a forced-choice dictator game. In the Direct Feedback condition, a third party punished if the child chose the less fair option. In the Reputation condition, a third party merely observed the child. In the Baseline condition, no third party was present. We find that the Direct Feedback condition increased fairness relative to the other conditions, especially amongst younger children. These results highlight an important link between third-party punishment and fairness in children and, more broadly, help clarify the mechanisms through which third-party punishment can influence fair behavior and thereby, human cooperation.
Health Implications of Binaural Auditory Beat (BAB) Its Perils and Applications
Authors: Seo Changhyuk
Published: April 2021

Binaural Auditory Beat (BAB) is known to induce frequency-specific health effects. Theta frequency BAB, for instance, triggers a meditative state whereas alpha frequency BAB may function as an anxiolytic. Findings upon BAB exposure demonstrate mixed results and thus require further academic investigation, for the beneficial effect of a BAB in question may become detrimental if applied inappropriately. There are, unfortunately, hundreds of publicly available commercial BABs (C-BABs) today that are neither scientifically verified nor clinically safe. Virtually anyone can construct/distribute any kinds of BAB mixes at any given time via freely available BAB generators. This means customers may be exposed to unknown or even prematurely released C-BAB, not to mention that its neurophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. Considering a dearth of research and a pile of anecdotal reports on its side effects, C-BAB customers are exposing themselves to medically unrecognized health risks. The health effects of C-BAB will be reviewed and the perils of its clinical implementation and recreational applications will be discussed.
How Intelligence Interviewees Mentally Identify Relevant Information
Authors: Neequaye David A. , Lorson Alexandra
Published: April 2021

This research explored how intelligence interviewees mentally identify the relevant information at their disposal. We theorized that interviewees estimate the interviewer’s objectives based on how they frame any attempt to solicit information. Then interviewees organize the information they possess into item designations that pragmatically correspond to the perceived interviewer-objective. The more an interviewer specifies what they want to know, the more the interviewee will mentally designate information items corresponding with that objective. To examine the theory, we conducted two identical experiments wherein participants assumed the role of an informant with one of two dispositions. They were to be cooperative or resistant when undergoing an interview. The interviewer posed specific or ambiguous questions. In Study 1 (N = 210), interviewees identified applicable information items based on their interviewer’s questions. And interviewees answered their interviewer’s questions in Study 2 (N = 199). We aimed to demonstrate that question-type influences mental designations and disposition affects disclosures. Disposition had a stronger influence on interviewees’ disclosure than when reasoning about what the interviewer wants to know. But contrary to our expectations, mental designation preferences indicated that interviewees generally assume interviewers want to know complete details, irrespective of question specificity. We suggest avenues for future research.
Leftists possess more national consensus in Europe in one of two datasets
Authors: Brandt Mark John , Aron Anthony , Parker Megan , Rodas Cristina , Shaffer Megan
Published: April 2021

A regularity in US American politics is that liberals have more policy consensus than do conservatives, and both ideological groups have more consensus than moderates (Ondish & Stern, 2018). The idea is that conservatives’ local conformity paradoxically results in less consensus than liberals at the national level. If this is the case, then the liberal consensus effect should also be observed in other countries. We test this using data from Europe. In the European Social Survey (Country N = 38, N = 376,129) we find that on average leftists have more consensus than do rightists; however, we do not find this using the Eurobarometer (Country N = 18, N = 375,830). In both data sources we also observe variation in ideological differences between countries. These results suggest that there is a liberal/leftist consensus effect that can be found in Europe and the United States, but there are also exceptions.
Validation of Chinese version of Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R)
Authors: yang peiying , Yu Qian , Montag Christian , Becker Benjamin , Cheval Boris , Herold Fabian , Courvoisier Delphine , Li Jinming , Szabo Attila , Zou Liye
Published: April 2021

The Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R) has been suggested as screening tool for exercise dependence (ED), however, a validated Chinese version of this instrument is currently lacking. To this end, the present study translated and evaluated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the scale. Following a forward-backward translation of the EDS-R, the Chinese version (EDS-C) as well as validated scales assessing associated constructs were administered to a large sample of habitual exercisers (N=1447, 52.4% male) in universities and communities. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed and invariance test across gender was carried out. Additionally, internal consistency and test-retest reliability were determined. Furthermore, construct validity was tested by investigating associations of ED with exercise variables and related constructs. We observed that the EDS-C confirmed the original seven-factor structure (TLI = .94, CFI = .95, RMSEA = .068, SRMR = .032) and showed invariance across genders. Moreover, we observed good internal consistency, with Cronbach alpha ranging from 0.73 to 0.93 for sub-scales and a moderate test-retest reliability (r: 0.45-0.82). The construct validity was additionally supported given that higher levels in EDS-C associated with a higher frequency of exercise and higher levels of eating disorder symptoms, body image inflexibility and generalized anxiety symptoms. In summary, EDS-C is a reliable and valid screening tool for ED in Chinese universities as well as communities.
"Oh, the Places You Can Go" Gen Z Psychology Students' Perceived Career Options and Interests
Authors: Collisson Brian , Eck Brian E.
Published: April 2021

Background: Career options available to psychology graduates are often underestimated despite psychology being a marketable and versatile degree with hundreds of career options.Objective: This article identifies which career options students perceive as available to psychology graduates and assesses student interest in psychology-related careers. Method: In Study 1, 12 focus groups consisting of 59 psychology majors were asked to list the career options available to psychology graduates. In Study 2, 430 psychology students rated their interest in 273 psychology-related careers. Results: Study 1 revealed careers perceived as available to psychology graduates were most often in counseling (92%) and applied-settings (50%) with child-related (42%), business (25%), and research (25%) careers listed less often. Study 2 revealed psychology majors were most interested in counseling and child-related careers, with 18 of their top 20 careers of interest involving mental health or working with children. Conclusion: Students are often unaware of career options in psychology beyond counseling. Consequently, they tend to be most interested in careers related to counseling and children, particularly careers involving the mental healthcare of children.Teaching Implications: Findings may encourage psychology departments to communicate the broad range of psychology career options for the recruitment and advising of psychology majors.
Consensus goals in the field of visual metacognition
Authors: Rahnev Dobromir , Balsdon Tarryn , Charles Lucie , de Gardelle Vincent , Denison Rachel N. , Desender Kobe , Faivre Nathan , Filevich Elisa , Fleming Stephen M , Jehee Janneke , Lau Hakwan , Lee Alan L. F. , Locke Shannon M , Mamassian Pascal , Odegaard Brian , Peters Megan A. K. , Reyes Gabriel , Rouault Marion , Sackur Jérôme , Samaha Jason , Sergent Claire , Sherman Maxine T , Siedlecka Marta , Soto David , Vlassova Alexandra , Zylberberg Ariel
Published: April 2021

Despite the tangible progress in psychological and cognitive sciences over the last several years, these disciplines still trail other more mature sciences in identifying the most important questions that need to be solved. Reaching such consensus could lead to greater synergy across different laboratories, faster progress, and increased focus on solving important problems rather than pursuing isolated, niche efforts. Here, 26 researchers from the field of visual metacognition reached consensus on four long-term and two medium-term common goals. We describe the process that we followed, the goals themselves, and our plans for accomplishing these goals. If this effort proves successful within the next few years, such consensus-building around common goals could be adopted more widely in psychological science.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HARGA JUAL KOPRA DI DESA LORWEMBUN KECAMATAN KORMOMOLIN KEPULAUAN TANIMBAR
Authors: TUATFARY MIHEL
Published: April 2021

Persepsi merupakan salah satu proses yang didahului melalui Rangsangan yang diterima, diseleksi, diorganisir dan diinterprestasikan informasinya. Presepsi tidak hanya tergantung pada rangsangan fisik tetapi juga rangsangan yang berhubungan dengan lingkungan disekitarnya dan keadaan individu yang bersangkutan. Dalam ilmu ekonomi, perkembangan teori produksi ini sama rumusnya dengan perkembangan ilmu ekonomi itu sendiri. Hal ini dalam aktifitas ekonomi pada umumnya yang paling sering dilakukan adalah aktifitas kompleks. Kegiatan produksinya sendiri sebenarnya merupakan kegiatan yang lahir bersama dengan lahirnya kebutuhan manusia, maka diperlukan suatu proses produksi untuk memenuhinya, baik secara sub sistem maupun modern. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar presepsi masyarakat terhadap harga jual kopra.
Dynamic response of vertical shaft Pelton turbine unit for forced vibration
Authors: Koirala Raman , Luitel Mahesh Chandra
Published: April 2021

This research work was carried out to model the excitation force imparted by water jet in the form of Fourier series and determine the forced response of Pelton turbine unite of Khulelhani-I hydropower analytically by developing mathematical mode. Amplitude of forced vibration form analytical was compared with simulation result.

The mathematical model was developed by calculating the kinetic energy of disk and potential energy of both disk and shaft. Hamilton’s principle was used to determine equation of motion and then Galerkin method was used to determine response of the system. Fourier analysis was done to obtain the function in its exact form. The developed methodologies were followed to find the analytical solution of Kulekhani-I unit of 3100 kW rated at 600rpm. A rigid disk (runner and bucket assembly) was situated along end of flexible shaft with fixed support at the shaft.

First five Fourier components are to be considered in analysis for meaningful representation of forcing function. The amplitude of vibration of Pelton turbine unit with single nozzle in Y-direction (the direction of water jet) obtained by analytical method was closed with that obtained from the ANSYS simulation.
Metafory w dyskursie krytycznym Krzysztofa Uniłowskiego
Authors: Jaśkowiec Mirela
Published: April 2021

W artykule przedstawiono analizę wybranych metafor stosowanych przez Krzysztofa Uniłowskiego w jego dyskursie krytycznoliterackim. Punktem wyjścia badania jest założenie, że metafory używane są przez krytyków jako strategia komunikacyjna. Treści tekstów krytycznoliterackich Krzysztofa Uniłowskiego zostały poddane analizie opartej na przesłankach kognitywistycznych, uwzględniającej semiologię oraz performatywny wymiar metafor. Pierwszym przykładem metafory jest obraz „przepaści PRL-u” ujmowany w terminach geograficzno-topologicznych. Drugim przykładem jest „reguła przełamania”, ukazująca literaturę modernizmu w odniesieniu do prawa naturalnego. Następnie analizowany jest memetyczny aspekt metafor. Zabieg ten umożliwił Uniłowskiemu zapożyczenie instrukcji z innej dziedziny naukowej na potrzeby rozwiązania problemu reguły modernizmu – do literaturoznawstwa przeniesiona została terminologia matematyczna. Autorka artykułu zmierza do konkluzji o interdyscyplinarnym charakterze krytyki, umiejscowionej pomiędzy literaturą, nauką i publicystyką. Taka pozycja dyskursu krytycznego wymaga od niego przeprowadzania badań w formie publicznej prezentacji wywodu z pomocą odpowiednich zabiegów językowych.
PENERAPAN POMPA AIR TERINTEGRASI PHOTOVOLTAIC UNTUK PERTANIAN DAN KEMANDIRIAN ENERGI DESA
Authors: Musyafiq Afrizal Abdi , Susanti Hera , Rafiq Arif Ainur , Kristiningsih Ari , Mardiyana Mardiyana , Purwaningrum Santi
Published: April 2021

Masyarakat di Kabupaten Cilacap khususnya warga masyarakat Kecamatan Maos umumnya bekerja di bidang pertanian. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan dari Badan Pusat Statistika tahun 2019, sebanyak 6.494 jiwa penduduk kecamatan maos bekerja sebagai buruh tani. Permasalahan yang dihadapi di musim kemarau sangat mengganggu kegiatan masyarakat Desa Maos. Permasalahan yang timbul seperti kekurangan air untuk pertanian; masyarakat susah dalam mencari sumber air; dan perekonomian masyarakat terganggu. Solusi pada permasalahan ini adalah adanya pembuatan dan penerapan pompa air terintegrasi photovoltaic untuk pertanian yang diharapakan mampu meredakan bahkan menghilangkan akar permasalahan yang sedang dialami masyarakat Kecamatan Maos. Target dari kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya suatu pompa yang mampu mengalirkan air dari sumber air dengan pemanfaatan energi dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) yang ramah lingkungan dan terciptanya kemandirian energi desa berbasis Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT). Hasil yang dicapai pada kegiatan ini adalah terciptanya desa mandiri energi; semakin berkembangnya hasil panen dari pertanian masyarakat Kecamatan Maos walaupun dimusim kemarau; dan dapat meningkatkan perekenomian masyarakat Kecamatan Maos.
Procjena poplavnog rizika s utjecajem nesigurnosti
Authors:   , Kekez Toni
Published: April 2021

Many river basins are experiencing frequent flooding events with significant economic and other losses due to intensive precipitation as well as other atmospheric and hydrological conditions. European Flood Directive defined flood risk as a combination of flooding probability and possible adverse consequences on people, assets, cultural heritage and environment. Flood risk management considers implementation of different measures for mitigation and prevention of possible negative consequences related to flooding. Uncertainty can strongly affect the flood risk management process, especially near and during the flood event. A framework is proposed for implementation of uncertainty related to behavior of the endangered system in the flood risk assessment, in order to improve the decision-making process during the flood emergency response. The proposed framework is validated on the City of Slavonski Brod pilot site, where the results demonstrated that there is a significant flood hazard still present due to possible weir failure, despite the improvement of flood defense measures. Furthermore, the results demonstrated how flood risk value can significantly decrease by properly evacuating the affected population. Flood risk management on a strategic level requires a monetary quantification of possible flood risk, which is performed by calculating expected annual damage (EAD) based on the combination of flooding event probability and corresponding damages. A semi-analytic methodology is presented for estimation of expected annual damage based on the factor graph model, which enables integration of entire probability space as well as flexibility in defining input data. Furthermore, a novel approach is presented for definition of annual damage distribution based on first and second statistical moment and by employing Beta distribution. By analyzing the annual damage distribution as well as impact of different sources of uncertainty, the results demonstrated that there is a significant impact of extreme events with low occurrence probability on the expected annual damage.
Pluralist Democracy and Non-Ideal Democratic Legitimacy
Authors: Theuns Tom
Published: April 2021

The boundary problem holds that, whatever the theory of democratic legitimacy, the initial act of constituting the demos can never be considered met by it. Many contemporary attempts to solve the boundary problem can be understood as falling into two categories: functional demos views and global demos views. This article argues against both views. Functional demos views exacerbate the legitimacy puzzle posed by the boundary problem, while a global democracy cannot be held democratically accountable by its citizens. In the place of global demos and functional demos views, we ought to examine the democratic legitimacy of polities in light of the standards of pluralist democracy. Pluralist democracy is a non-ideal conception of democracy that recognizes democratic procedures to be historically grounded, non-ideal, and problem-oriented.
TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİ ATIKSUYUNDA HETEROJEN FENTON PROSESİ İÇİN KATALİZÖR OLARAK DEMİR İÇEREN METAL OKSİT KULLANIMI
Authors: DURGUT Merve , KAYA Şefika , AŞÇI Yeliz
Published: April 2021

The unconscious use of surface and ground waters and the rapid pollution of water, which is the main source of life for all living creatures as a result of drought due to global warming, pose a serious problem. The rapidly increasing world population and the need for clean water have brought up a global water crisis. The textile industry is one of the largest producers of wastewater in the world. Textile industry wastewater contains high amounts of non-biodegradable organic compounds, high concentrations of dyestuffs, salt, detergent and soap. Therefore, it is of great importance to remove organic pollutants in this wastewater. Since traditional methods are insufficient to remove organic compounds in wastewater, advanced treatment methods are required. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are one of the alternative treatment methods preferred in recent years. In this study, color removal from textile industry wastewater was researched by the heterogeneous Fenton process, which is an advanced oxidation process. The parameters such as catalyst dosage, pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration, temperature, reaction time and mixing speed that effect heterogeneous Fenton processes were investigated. Under optimum experimental conditions, the color removal efficiency was achieved as 87%.
ECONOMIC VIOLENCE AS A TYPE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: STATUTORY REGULATION AND THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION OF THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Oleksandr Bilovol
Published: April 2021

The criminal liability for economic violence in Ukraine as one of the types of domestic violence was analyzed in the article. Interpretations of such types of economic violence as intentional deprivation of housing, food, clothes, other property, money and documents or opportunity to use them, leaving without care or guardianship, preventing in receipt of necessary services in treatment or rehabilitation, ban to work, coercion to work, ban to study and also other offenses of economic nature. It was established that the intentional deprivation of housing, food, clothes, other property, money or documents should be understood as conditions under which the victim cannot use this property in full because it has been spent on the guilty person’s own needs, transferred to third parties, destroyed or damaged, etc. It was noted that the relevant property may belong to the offender or the victim. In turn, deprivation of the opportunity to use this property means that the victim is either limited in time to use these items, that is cannot use them constantly, but only for a certain time or with a certain frequency and/or cannot use this property to the extent which deems it necessary. Separation of these types of economic violence from crimes such as abuse of guardianship rights, evasion of alimony payment for child support, evasion of money payment for keeping of disabled parents, and malicious failure to care for a child or a person in custody or care was done. It was stated that committing such a type of economic violence as a ban on work or unlawful force to work, the offender against the will of the victim at his own discretion determines whether the victim has the right to realize his right to work or vice versa to force the victim against his will to work or overwork or perform the work chosen by the offender himself, not the victim. In this case, the aggressor may not work himself at all. This type of economic violence was separated from such crimes provided by other articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as the exploitation of children and the use of a minor child for begging. The attention was focused on the fact that the list of types of economic violence for which criminal liability may occur has an open character. This approach of the legislator makes the norm more flexible in application but significantly complicates its interpretation.
Znaczy upływ czasu jako okoliczność wyłączająca stwierdzenie nieważności decyzji wydanej z rażącym naruszeniem prawa
Authors: mirosław wincenciak
Published: April 2021

Regulacja określająca maksymalny termin stwierdzenia nieważności decyzji administracyjnej, której to decyzji przypisuje się wadę wydania z rażącym naruszeniem prawa wymaga oceny w kontekście zasad i wartości sytemu prawa administracyjnego. W prawie administracyjnym tkwią bowiem różne wartości, na których ono się opiera i z których się ono wywodzi. Tym samym również decyzje administracyjne dotyczą różnych interesów i wartości prawem chronionych, które wymagają oceny i wartościowania. Samo prawo, przez swoje istnienie i obowiązywanie, dostarcza na zewnątrz „swoich” nowych wartości, a więc samo jest wartością i wartości konstruuje. Wartości przez prawo administracyjne chronione, to takie, dla których ochrony prawo administracyjne jest tworzone. Ich źródłem jest sama Konstytucja RP, ustawy oraz konkretne normy. W doktrynie wskazuje się, że system prawa administracyjnego powinien odpowiadać na potrzeby dobrze zorganizowanego społeczeństwa, powinien przystosowywać się do nieprzerwanie dokonujących się zmian. Określenie maksymalnego okresu wzruszalności decyzji administracyjnej z powodu wydania jej z rażącym naruszeniem prawa musi uwzględniać funkcje i przedmiot regulacji. Należy także zastanowić się, czy biorąc pod uwagę cechy prawa administracyjnego można wskazać obszary prawa i kategorie stosunków prawnych, w których upływ czasu nie powinien powodować niemożności stwierdzenia nieważności decyzji z powodu wydania jej z rażącym naruszenia prawa, na przykład z uwagi na ważny interes państwa albo oczywiste skrzywdzenie podmiotu administrowanego.
Ocena zgodności z Konstytucją RP ustawy o Funduszu Wczasów Pracowniczych
Authors: Ewa Milczarek
Published: April 2021

Artykuł przedstawia problematykę zgodności z Konstytucją RP Ustawy z dnia 11 września 2015 r. o uprawnieniach do mienia Funduszu Wczasów Pracowniczych Dz.U. 2015 poz. 1824. Autorka przedstawia genezę i cele powstania Funduszu oraz jego przekształcenia spowodowane zmianami społeczno-gospodarczymi związanymi ze zmianą ustroju w latach osiemdziesiątych i dziewięćdziesiątych XX w. Ustawa regulująca status majątku po FWP została w1997 roku uznana za niezgodną z Konstytucją. Zrodziło to konieczność ponownego podjęcia tego tematu przez prawodawcę, do czego doszło dopiero w roku 2015. Autorka ocenia nową regulację w oparciu o konstytucyjne zasady ochrony prawa własności, zasady demokratycznego państwa prawa, niedziałania prawa wstecz oraz pewności obrotu nieruchomościami.
O naturze praw, niegdysiejszych przypisach, liście z Rabki oraz skarbie opowiedzianym przez staruszkę
Authors: Jacek Julian Mazurkiewicz
Published: April 2021

Polemika z poglądem, że prawo do grobu jest zawsze tylko prawem majątkowym, skłoniła mnie do zwrócenia uwagi na to, że chyba wszystkie prawa prywatne do dóbr są zarówno majątkowe, jak i niemajątkowe, oczywiście w zróżnicowanych proporcjach. Także próba określenia charakteru dóbr jako tylko majątkowych, czy tylko niemajątkowych, wydaje się zawodna. W artykule przypominam też niegdysiejszą rolę przypisów, jako miejsca wartościowych dygresji, uzupełniających  polemik, bezcennych niekiedy informacji. Przedstawiam  również takie obszary badań prawa dotyczącego sytuacji post mortem, który rzadko stanowią przedmiot zainteresowania uczonych.
Fikcja zdarzenia historycznego w kontekście zasady skargowości.
Authors: Witold Zontek
Published: April 2021

Proces karny jest ograniczony aktem oskarżenia wniesionym przez prokuratora. Dokument ten opisuje (lub powinien opisać), co się stało i dlaczego uważa się to za przestępstwo. Jednak, jak to często bywa, wstępny opis przestępstwa w akcie oskarżenia wymaga dalszych modyfikacji w trakcie procesu. Niektóre z tych modyfikacji są dość trywialne (data lub inne cechy ilościowe, miejsce itp.), ale inne, prowadzące do całkowitego przekwalifikowania czynu z aktu oskarżenia (tytułowa kradzież na paserstwo, oszustwo na przywłaszczenie itp.), są dość problematyczne. Według orzecznictwa wszak ani kwalifikacja prawna, ani opis zarzucanego przestępstwa nie są wiążące dla sądu, jedynie „zdarzenie historyczne” stanowiące podstawę faktyczną aktu oskarżenia stanowi granicę dla ewentualnych modyfikacji. Niestety, ostatnie orzeczenia Sądu Najwyższego wydają się być sprzeczne - niektóre akceptują wręcz nieskończone rozszerzenie granic potencjalnych modyfikacji (zdarzenie faktyczne niezależnie od „szerokości” jego zakreślenia), podczas gdy inne postulują ograniczenie takich modyfikacji, twierdząc, że pojęcie „zdarzenia historycznego” nie może być tak ogólne, by de facto umożliwić alternatywne oskarżenie. Czy „zdarzenie historyczne” jako kryterium stało się czystą fikcją? Czy istnieją jakieś ograniczenia dotyczące sposobu konstruowania faktycznego opisu przestępstwa i modyfikacji takiego opisu? Czy istnieją mechanizmy proceduralne zapewniające prawo do obrony w przypadku takich modyfikacji?