bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of distance education program on mothers’ empowerment in exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Taheri Zeynab , Bakouei Fatemeh , Delavar Mouloud Agajani , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Bakhtiari Afsaneh , Amiri Fatemeh Nasiri
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Mothers need the necessary skills to be empowered in successful breastfeeding. This study aimed to investigate effectiveness of the distance education program on the mothers’ empowerment in exclusive breastfeeding.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A randomized clinical trial study was done on 72 nulliparous pregnant women 28–32 weeks with normal pregnancy. The qualified women were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups based on the random-number table. The breastfeeding training packages were sent to women in the intervention group via Telegram every week from 32 until 37 weeks of gestation. The mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding (primary outcome) and the exclusive breastfeeding rate (secondary outcome) were assessed by questionnaires.

RESULTS:

Based on the repeated measured tests, although scores for all domains and also the total score of the mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding between two groups had increased during the study period, there was a significant difference between the increasing trends of the maternal empowerment domains in two groups (interaction P value <0.001). Also, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (secondary outcome) at 6 months was significantly higher in the intervention group (81.8% and 57.1% in the intervention and control groups, respectively) (P = 0.028).

CONCLUSION:

Distance education could increase all domains of the mothers’ empowerment in breastfeeding after delivery. Also, exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months after delivery was significantly higher in mothers who were receiving the distance education packages.
Encouraging students’ engagement and promoting deep learning in immunology through an interactive clinical case problem-solving (CCPS) approach
Authors: Sannathimmappa Mohan B. , Nambiar Vinod , Aravindakshan Rajeev
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Modern competency-based medical education emphasizes student-centered teaching-learning strategies where students take responsibility of their own learning. Student-centered approaches facilitate multifaceted learning such as observation, critical evaluation, analysis, deeper understanding, and application of knowledge. The current study aims at assessing the students’ perception on utilization of clinical case problem-solving approach (CCPS) to promote their lifelong learning.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present cross-sectional study was conducted at College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CoMHS) during the year 2021-2022. MD3 students of the academic year 2021-2022 were the study participants. The study was approved by institutional Ethic and Review Committee. Students’ performances were assessed through pre-test and post-test performances. Students’ feedback was collected through a predesigned questionnaire on a 3-point Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficient test was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. The data was entered to Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Paired t-test was used to compare pre-test and post-test scores and the data was expressed as numbers and percentages.

RESULTS:

In total, 103 participants were included in the study. Post-test scores were significantly higher compared to pre-test scores (p < 0.05). Questionnaire results showed that CCPS approach was accepted as an effective learning strategy. Majority (>90%) of the students expressed CCPS approach was interesting, motivated to learn, encouraged peer discussion, enhanced knowledge, and clarified their topic-related doubts. More than 80% students opined that CCPS enhanced their critical thinking, problem-solving ability, deep learning, and lifelong learning skills. Nearly 90% of the students suggested for including such sessions for more topics in immunology course in future.

CONCLUSION:

From our study results, it can be concluded that CCPS is an effective learning strategy to encourage students’ engagement and promote their deep learning skills.
Correlations of resilience with coping strategies, and the underlying factors in the nurses working in COVID-19 hospitals
Authors: Ruhabadi Fatemeh , Assarroudi Abdolghader , Mahdavifar Neda , Rad Mostafa
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

As the core of a health-care team, nurses play a key role in promoting community health, and their job involves witnessing human suffering and pain in health-care settings. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlations between resilience coping strategies, and the underlying factors in the nurses working in COVID-19 hospitals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 nurses working in COVID-19 wards for a minimum of 6 months in 2021. The participants were selected via multistage sampling. Data were collected using demographic, resilience, and coping strategy instruments. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20.

RESULTS:

The mean resilience score was 76.94 ± 11.33. The mean scores of emotion-focused and problem-focused strategies were 59.65 ± 4.40 and 96.08 ± 5.38, respectively. The assessment of the correlation between resilience with the emotion-focused and problem-focused strategies showed a positive significant correlation (r = 0.25; P < 0.001 and r = 0.33; P < 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

According to the results, the nurses working in COVID-19 wards mostly adopted problem-focused strategies in difficult work conditions depending on the required care provision. Both coping strategies significantly affected the subscales of resilience in the nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that special attention be paid to teaching strategies to cope with anxiety and resilience and develop problem-solving skills in nursing personnel during the emergence and outbreak of new diseases in order to reduce their anxiety.
A comparative study of the effect of face-to-face counseling and telephone counseling on attitudes toward infertility in infertile couples
Authors: Rezamahaleh Fateme Ahmadi , Khadivzadeh Talat
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Couples’ attitudes toward infertility are related to different dimensions of infertility. Counseling can change attitudes toward infertility in infertile couples. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine and compare the effect of face-to-face counseling and telephone counseling on infertility attitudes in infertile couples.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This two-group intervention study was performed on 34 infertile couples who were randomly assigned to face-to-face and telephone counseling groups. The couple attended counseling sessions as scheduled by the researcher. An Infertility Attitude Questionnaire was completed by all participants at the beginning and end of the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS:

The results of independent t test showed that after the intervention, the mean score of attitude toward infertility in the face-to-face counseling group was significantly higher than the telephone counseling group. Based on paired t test, the mean score of infertility attitude in the face-to-face counseling group was significantly increased two weeks after the intervention compared to before. The mean score of infertility attitude in the telephone counseling group was significantly increased two weeks after the intervention compared to before. According to the results of independent t test, the attitude score toward infertility was not statistically significant between the two groups.

CONCLUSION:

The results of the present study showed that with counseling, the mean score of infertility attitude in infertile couples in both groups had increased. In other words, counseling can change attitudes toward infertility in infertile people.
Exploration of the primary needs of health care services for earthquake victims in the west of Iran
Authors: Solhi Mahnaz , Zahed Shakiba , Ostadtaghizade Abbas , Gilan Hadi Darvishi
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Natural disasters always have significant effects on social infrastructures, living conditions, and health care systems. This study aims to explain the needs of victims in the west of Iran for primary health care services.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This thematic content analysis and qualitative study was done from September 2020 to June 2021 in the west of Iran. Participants were selected using purposive sampling method. The data were extracted through semi-structured interviews with 17 earthquake victims and then examined through thematic content analysis.

RESULTS:

By analyzing and coding the data, the primary needs of victims post an earthquake in the west of Iran were classified into four main categories) health services, mental health, social health, and health management (and 14 subcategories.

CONCLUSION:

Regarding the primary needs (health services, mental health, social health, and health management), establishing a headquarters to meet the immediate and special health care needs seems to be required. It was recommended to create institutions for monitoring and supporting the health care needs at the level of the community and even policymaking, as well as guiding earthquake-stricken areas such as the eco-village.
Outcome of structured health education intervention for obesity-risk reduction among junior high school students
Authors: Rizvi Jaun Z. , Kumar Pawan , Kulkarni Muralidhar M. , Kamath Asha
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Obesity has been identified as a serious global health concern whose prevalence doubles almost every 10 years. Health education regarding physical activity and healthy diet imparted to adolescents could prove to be fruitful in reducing obesity-risk. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of health education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding obesity-risk reduction and to estimate the postinterventional change in body mass index (BMI) and total body fat (%) among adolescent school children in South India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Stratified cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out among 398 students recruited at baseline including 206 and 192 participants in intervention and control group respectively selected through simple random sampling from eligible government aided and private schools to assess KAP regarding physical activity and diet using pretested and validated questionnaire by making three school visits 6 months apart. Anthropometric measurements were recorded in first and third visit only, while health education intervention was given in first visit to intervention and third visit to control group after taking their responses on the questionnaire. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 15.

RESULTS:

Overall dropout rate was 13.5% with dropout in intervention and control group being 12.6% and 14.5% respectively, making 180 participants in intervention and 164 in control group available for analysis. Mean physical activity KAP score improved significantly from 16.19 ± 4.61 to 19.46 ± 10.07 in intervention group. Mean dietary KAP score also improved significantly from 21.38 ± 4.07 to 23.43 ± 4.53 in intervention group (p < 0.001). Mean BMI decreased significantly within intervention group (p < 0.001) as compared to control group (p = 0.908). Based on cut-off level for total body fat (%) to categorize obesity-risk among participants, statistically significant decline in proportions from 26.1% to 13.3% was observed in intervention group (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Results depicted better KAP in intervention group than control group in all the three visits while it improved significantly within both groups. Hence, the health education was found to be effective in improving the overall KAP regarding modifiable risk factors of obesity among the study participants. Further studies to screen the adolescents for obesity-risk and successive health education sessions must be carried within schools in order to bring about change in knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding obesity-risk.
Comparative evaluation of postoperative pain and tissue response in patients undergoing conventional flap surgeries with or without 940 nm diode laser exposure - A randomized clinical study
Authors: Roy Sonali , Singh Dhirendra K. , Manohar Balaji
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Over the past few years, a growing body of evidence has allowed us to ascertain that the initiation of periodontitis stems from the existence of oral microbial biofilm and that this requires definitive treatment. Owing to its exceptional usability, affordability, and antibacterial activity, the “diode laser” (DL) has increasingly become a popular and important tool in a dentist's armamentarium. However, there is a scarcity of scientific evidence on the utility and advantages of using “diode laser” in periodontal flap surgery. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of 940 nm diode laser exposure in combination with conventional periodontal flap surgery for the treatment of chronic periodontitis to evaluate postoperative discomfort and clinical parameters.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 10 subjects (7 males and 3 females) with generalized chronic periodontitis were recruited and completed the study without any dropouts. For this split-mouth study, 40 sample sites with pocket probing depth (PPD) 5–7 mm post periodontal Phase I therapy were selected. The quadrants were randomly allocated to Groups A, B, C, and D using the fish bowl lottery method. Kirkland flap surgery with laser and modified Widman flap (MWF) with laser were performed in Group A and C, respectively, while Kirkland flap surgery and MWF surgery were performed in Group B and Group D. Clinical parameters including visual analog scale (VAS) score and gingival inflammation were determined at 3rd and 7th day postoperatively while PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and sulcus bleeding index (SBI) were recorded at baseline and 6 months following treatment. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for intra-group and inter-group comparison of parameters, respectively.

RESULTS:

Statistically significant difference was attained with postoperative discomfort in laser-assisted groups on 1st and 3rd day postoperatively (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the proportion of subjects with gingival inflammation. A statistically significant reduction in mean PPD at 6 months postoperatively was seen among all study groups (P < 0.05) but the inter-group difference was not statistically significant. SBI score reduced significantly from baseline to 6 months follow-up among all four groups (P < 0.05). However, we did not find the inter-group difference to be statistically non-significant.

CONCLUSION:

Diode laser as an adjunct to the surgical procedure can demonstrate appreciable benefits by increasing the CAL and minimizing the postoperative pain and the probing pocket, but such additional effects were not observed with gingival inflammation.
The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on sleep quality of university students and variables predicting sleep quality
Authors: Bulut Arzu , Sengul Halil , Uslu Yeter Demir , Bas Kazım , Tosun Nurperihan
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND/AIM:

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a long period of stress for people worldwide and has significantly affected sleep duration. The pandemic revealed new stress factors that are likely to affect sleep. Uncertainty is a factor that leads to anxiety and depression, which affects sleep. It should also be noted that reductions in sleep quality rather than sleep duration are associated with negative consequences on mental health. This study aims to investigate online that how this situation affected university students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This research, with a descriptive study design, was conducted in Turkey between June 01, 2021 and July 30, 2021. The sample included 604 people who accepted voluntary participation, chosen by the random selection method. In the study, sociodemographic information form, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), morningness–eveningness questionnaire scale (MEQ Scale), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) were used as data collection tools. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between the scales. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the role of morningness–eveningness, anxiety, depression, and insomnia severity on sleep quality.

RESULTS:

Sleep quality was negatively correlated with morningness–eveningness scores (r = –0.32, P < 0.01), and positively and significantly related with anxiety (r = 0.43, P < 0.01), depression (r = 0.40, P < 0.01) and insomnia severity (r = 0.55, P < 0.01). According to regression coefficients, while anxiety (β = 0.041, P < 0.001) and insomnia severity scores (β = 0.226, P < 0.001) positively predicted sleep quality, depression did not predict it significantly (β = 0.009, P > 0.05). A significant difference was found in sleep quality according to morning, evening, and intermediate types (F = 27.401, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Events related to the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with reduced sleep quality in connection with increasing negative moods. Considering the importance of sleep for a healthy life, efforts should be made to raise awareness about this issue and to provide psychological help to affected individuals.
Assessment of the efficacy of a video-based hybrid teaching module of oxygen therapy and critical care area troubleshooting in nursing professionals managing COVID-19 patients
Authors: Dhar Mridul , Sharma Sameer , Hemanthkumar K , Rao Shalinee
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Video-based teaching has become rapidly popular during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of a hybrid video-based teaching module of oxygen therapy and critical care troubleshooting in nursing professionals managing COVID-19 patients in our institute.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A retrospective analytical study (pretest and posttest design) was conducted in our medical education department in March 2022 using the data from a workshop conducted on oxygen therapy and critical care area troubleshooting during COVID-19 patient management for 296 nursing professionals. A hybrid video-based teaching module was used. Pretest and posttest data were compared along with subgroup analysis. P value <0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

Posttest scores were significantly higher than the baseline scores in the overall group as well as in all subgroups (P < 0.001). Subgroup comparisons revealed no significant difference in mean baseline pretest and posttest scores in male versus female participants. Baseline pretest scores (P = 0.02) and posttest scores (P = 0.08) were lower in the nurses of the noncritical areas compared to critical area nurses. Mean improvement in posttest score compared to baseline score was similar between all groups.

CONCLUSION:

Hybrid technique involving both video aspects and in-person teacher presence for demonstration or troubleshooting improves perceived knowledge in nursing professionals with some prior formal training and may be superior to the conventional only didactic/lecture-based demonstrations, especially in the context of imparting rapid training during pandemics or similar urgent situations.
A cross-sectional evaluation of communication skills and perceived barriers among the resident doctors at a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Ranjan Piyush , Kumari Archana , Sarkar Siddharth , Kaur Tanveer , Aggarwal Ramesh , Upadhyay Ashish Datt , Chakrawarty Biswaroop , Nayer Jamshed , Joshi Mohit , Chakrawarty Avinash
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

The study was conducted to assess the different components of communication skills and barriers to practicing good communication skills among resident doctors in a health care setting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A web-based cross-sectional survey was performed, and data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha (0.88). A total of 431 responses were statistically analyzed. Chi-square test was used to associate the socio-demographics and communication skills. Regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between various communication domains and barriers, which were adjusted for potential confounders such as age and gender.

RESULTS:

Resident doctors have differential levels of competencies in each domain of communication skills. Around two-thirds of the residents did not practice good communication skills while breaking the bad news and reported poor para-verbal skills. Some of the most common barriers to practicing good communication skills were found to be an infrastructural deficit, lack of time, and long working hours. These barriers significantly affected the communication skills such as para-verbal skills {[-0.32; P < 0.01; C.I (-0.54 to -0.09), [-0.27, P < 0.05, C.I (-0.54 to. 004)], [-0.32, P < 0.01, (0.07–0.56)]}, the ability to break bad news {[-0.42, P < 0.01, (-0.73 to -0.11)], [-0.35, P < 0.05, (-0.75 to -0.35)], [0.48, P < 0.01, (0.12–0.84)]}, and communication with patients/attendants {[0.39, P < 0.01, C.I (-0.71 to -0.06)], [-0.88, P < 0.001, C.I (-1.2 to -0.48)], [-0.88, P < 0.001, C.I (-1.2 to -0.48)]} after adjustment for confounding such as age and gender.

CONCLUSION:

There is a scope for improvement in practicing good communication skills with patients, among the residents doctors in India. Structured modules for training and evaluation should be implemented in the medical curriculum.
Неподвижные точки бесконечномерного оператора, связанного с мерами Гиббса
Authors: Olimov Umrbek Rashidovich , Rozikov Utkir Abdulloevich
Published: January 2023

Описаны неподвижные точки бесконечномерного нелинейного оператора, связанного с моделью жесткого ядра (HC-модель) со счетным набором $\mathbb N$ значений спина на дереве. Этот оператор определяется счетным набором параметров $\lambda_i>0$, $a_{ij}\in\{0,1\}$, $i,j\in\mathbb N$. Найдено достаточное условие на эти параметры, при котором оператор имеет единственную неподвижную точку. Показано, что если это условие не выполняется, то оператор может иметь до пяти неподвижных точек. Кроме того, доказано, что каждая неподвижная точка генерирует нормализуемый граничный закон и, следовательно, определяет меру Гиббса для данной HC-модели.
О структуре канонической унитонной факторизации решения некоммутативной унитарной сигма-модели
Authors: Bekresheva Vera Vladimirovna
Published: January 2023

Известно, что каждое решение $\Phi$ ненулевой конечной энергии представимо с точностью до мультипликативной константы в виде суперпозиции конечного числа отражений специального вида $\Phi = e^{i\theta}(I-2P_1) …(I-2P_n)$. Это представление называется канонической унитонной факторизацией. Ортопроекторы $P_1, …, P_n$ называются унитонами, они имеют конечномерные образы $\alpha_1, …, \alpha_n$. Показано, что при $1\le j\le n$ подпространства $\alpha_1+…+\alpha_j$ инвариантны относительно оператора уничтожения, причем собственные значения оператора уничтожения на этих подпространствах совпадают.
Интегрирование модифицированного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза-синус-Гордона в классе периодических бесконечнозонных функций
Authors: Khasanov Aknazar Bekdurdievich , Normurodov Khozhimurod Normuminovich , Hudayerov Ulugbek Obilmalikovich
Published: January 2023

Метод обратной спектральной задачи применяется для интегрирования нелинейного модифицированного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза-синус-Гордона в классе периодических бесконечнозонных функций. Доказана разрешимость задачи Коши для бесконечной системы дифференциальных уравнений Дубровина в классе шесть раз непрерывно дифференцируемых периодических бесконечнозонных функций. Показано, что сумма равномерно сходящегося функционального ряда, построенного с помощью решения системы уравнений Дубровина и формулы первого следа, удовлетворяет модифицированному уравнению Кортевега-де Фриза-синус-Гордона.
Башня Майораны и интерпретация квантовой механики в терминах клеточного автомата вплоть до планковского масштаба
Authors: Tamburini F , Licata Ignazio Francesco
Published: January 2023

Считается, что детерминистская переформулировка квантовой механики позволяет обойтись без обычных философских интерпретаций вероятности и стохастичности стандартных квантово-механических сценариев. Недавно 'т Хофт предложил другую точку зрения, основанную на онтологической формулировке квантовой механики, которая получается путем записи гамильтониана квантовой системы таким образом, чтобы сделать ее математически эквивалентной детерминированной системе. Онтологические детерминированные модели состоят из элементарных ячеек, также называемых клеточными автоматами, внутри которых описывающие динамику величины колеблются по периодическим орбитам. Это обобщает и заменяет классический язык квантовой механики, основанный на гармонических осцилляторах. Показано, что структуре наборов клеточных автоматов можно придать ясную физическую интерпретацию, используя уравнение Майораны с бесконечным числом компонент: клеточные автоматы являются элементарными строительными блоками, порожденными группой Пуанкаре преобразований пространства-времени, с положительной энергией вплоть до планковского масштаба. Этот подход тесно связан с гипотезой Римана.
Yetişkin Seçici Yeme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Uyarlamasının Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Authors: HAMURCU Pınar , ŞAHİN İrem Nur , ÇELİK Abdullah
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Seçici yeme, hayatın her döneminde karşılaşılabilen ve besin alımını sınırlandıran, psikososyal bir bozukluktur. Literatürde yapılan çalışmalar seçici yemenin hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik morbidite ile ilişkili olduğunu bildirmektedir. Bu çalışmada “The Adult Picky Eating Questionnaire”ın Türkçe uyarlaması olan Yetişkin Seçici Yeme Ölçeği’nin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Metodolojik araştırma tasarımı kullanılan çalışma, 2021-2022 akademik yılında Üsküdar Üniversitesi’nde 222 katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Google Formlar’da yapılandırılmış bir anket aracılığıyla Bilgi Formu, Yetişkin Seçici Yeme Ölçeği ve Yeme Tutum Testi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede iç tutarlılık katsayısı, faktör analizleri ve korelasyonları IBM SPSS26® yazılımı ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Yetişkin Seçici Yeme Ölçeği’nin 114 kişi ile yürütülen pilot çalışmasında, Cronbach’s Alpha değeri 0.795 bulunarak, ölçeğin oldukça güvenilir olduğu ve ölçekten madde çıkartılmadan, geçerlilik analizine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın 222 örneklemli Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi’nde, Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin değeri 0.788 ile örneklem hacminin iyi düzeyde yeterli olduğu ve Bartlett Küresellik testi ile χ2=722.637 ve p=0.000 düzeyinde istatistiki açıdan anlamlılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Faktör yükleri >0.20 ve öz değerleri >1 olan ve toplam varyansın %56.768’ini açıklayan dört faktörlü bir yapı saptanmıştır. Çalışmanın Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi’nde 16 maddelik versiyonun uyum iyiliği indeksleri RMSEA=0.010; CFI=0.998; GFI=0.975; NFI=0.933; SRMR=0.059; AGFI=0.966; χ2/df=0.906 olarak yeterli uyum gösterdiği saptanmıştır. İç tutarlılık analizinde Cronbach’s Alpha katsayısı 0.829 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yetişkinlerde seçici yemeyi ölçmeye yarayan Yetişkin Seçiçi Yeme Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Formu’nun geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Kırsal Bir Bölgede Yaşayan Yaşlılarda Yalnızlık ve Yaşlılığı Algılama Düzeyleri
Authors: VARER AKPINAR Ceren , OZVURMAZ Safiye , AYKAÇ KOÇAK Ayla , KURT Fatma , KOÇ Nazife
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Yaşlanma sürecinin beraberinde getirdiği önemli sorunlardan olan yalnızlık ve bireyin yaşlılığı nasıl algıladığının belirlenmesi yaşlılık döneminde olan bireylerin yaşam kalitelerinin arttırmada önemli olacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kırsal bölgede yaşayan yaşlıların yaşlılığı algılama ve yalnızlık düzeylerini incelemektir.Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma, Aydın ili merkezine bağlı kırsal bir bölgede aile sağlığı merkezine kayıtlı 65 yaş üzeri 335 yaşlı bireyde, Nisan 2021-2022 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Veri toplam aracı; Yaşlılığı Algılama Kısa Anket Formu (B-APQ), Yaşlılar için Yalnızlık Ölçeği (YİYÖ) ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyo demografik özellikleri sorgulayan anket formundan oluşmaktadır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 335 yaşlı bireyin ortalaması 71.70±5.60’dir. Çalışmada B-APQ toplam puanı ile YİYÖ ve sosyal yalnızlık alt boyutu arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. 70-79 yaş grubunda diğer yaş gruplarına göre, kadınlarda erkeklere göre, geniş ailede yaşayanlarda çekirdek ailede yaşayanlara göre, yalnızlık hisseden yaşlılarda hissetmeyenlere göre yaşlılığı algılama daha olumludur (p<0.05).Sonuç: Yaşlıların yalnızlığını önlemeye yönelik yapılacak müdahaleler, yaşlılık sürecinin olumlu algılanmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Yeni Besin Deneme Korkusu: Obezite Gelişiminin Hem Nedeni Hem Sonucudur.
Authors: BOLAT Hatice , ERGÜN Can
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Yeni besin deneme korkusu (yiyecek neofobisi, FN) daha önce denenmemiş yiyecekleri deneme korkusudur. Obez bireylere, yeni besinlerin tanıtılması ve yeni besinlere karşı teşvik edilmenin yeni besin korkusu üzerinde etkileri olduğu bildirilmekte ancak konuyla ilgili çalışmalar literatürde çok sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma beslenme bilgi düzeyi ile yiyecek neofobisi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla 18-65 yaş aralığına sahip 384 gönüllü birey (294’ü kadın 90’ ı erkek) ile yürütülmüştür.Yöntem: Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri, antropometrik ölçümleri, beslenme alışkanlıkları, sağlıklı beslenme bilgi kanalları, FNS ölçeği kullanılarak yiyecek neofobi düzeyi, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Kadınlar, erkeklere göre daha neofobik bulunmuştur (p=0.007). Eğitim seviyesi yüksek olan kişilerin yeni yiyeceklere karşı korkusu daha düşüktür (p=0.014). Aylık geliri yüksek olan kişilerin yeni yiyecekleri deneme korkusu aylık geliri düşük olanlara göre daha düşük bulunmuştur (p=0.008). Yeni besinleri deneme korkusu diyet çeşitliliğini çok azaltmakla birlikte özellikle vitamin ve mineral eksikliklerine yol açmasından dolayı bireylerin obezite riskini arttırmaktadır. Sonuç: Vücut Kütle İndeksi değeri yüksek olan obez bireyler yağ, şeker içeriği yüksek olan yiyeceklere daha fazla eğilim göstermektedir. Obezite sonucu bireyler geleneksel yüksek kalorili yiyecekleri tercih ederek yeni besin deneme arzularında azalma görülmüş ve yiyeceğe karşı neofobi geliştirmişlerdir.
Kanserin Önlenmesi ve Tedavisinde Aralıklı Açlığın Etkisi
Authors: ŞEREF Betül , AKBULUT Gamze
Published: January 2023

Kanser, hem ülkemiz hem de dünyada en önde gelen ölüm nedenlerinden biridir. Bu nedenle mevcut tedavilerin yanında kanserin önlenmesi ve tedavisinde yeni arayışlara girilmiştir. İnsan vücudunda pek çok mekanizmayı etkileyerek etki gösteren ve enerji kısıtlaması ile birlikte öğün zamanlamasını da içeren aralıklı açlık, günümüzde vücut ağırlığı kaybının yanı sıra pek çok hastalığın tedavisi ve sağlığın korunmasında tercih edilebilmektedir. Aralıklı açlık, temelde oksidatif stres, inflamasyon, DNA hasarı ve büyüme faktörleri gibi pek çok metabolik yolak üzerinden etki gösterebilmektedir. Bu durum aralıklı açlığın hem kanserin önlenmesi hem de kemoterapi yan etkilerinin azaltılması ve metabolik parametrelerin iyileşmesi gibi etkileri nedeniyle kanser tedavisinde de kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Fakat aralıklı açlık ile birlikte enerji alımında oluşan azalmanın kanserli bireylerde ağırlık kaybına neden olmasının bununla birlikte metabolik ve oksidatif stres durumunun yaşanmasının olumsuz etkiye neden olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca aralıklı açlık ve kanser ilişkisinin netleşmesi için yeterli klinik düzeyde çalışmanın bulunmadığı da bildirilmektedir. Bu derlemede aralıklı açlık ve kanser ilişkisinde güncel literatürün özetlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
The use of ultrasonography to guide diagnosis and treatment in resuscitation in a case of arrest due to pulmonary embolism
Authors: AKGÜL Agit
Published: January 2023

Pulmonary embolism is one of the reversible causes of death. Simultaneous diagnostic procedures are beneficial for successfully resuscitating patients brought to the emergency department as an arrest after pulmonary embolism. Ultrasonography is one of the few diagnostic procedures to be performed on an unstable patient during resuscitation and is a direct guide for treatment. We followed the passage of the thrombus from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium in the ultrasonography performed simultaneously with the resuscitation of the 76-year-old male patient who was brought to the hospital with arrest, and we started thrombolytic therapy simultaneously with resuscitation. Thrombus enlargement was observed in the right atrium. The patient who did not respond to resuscitation died. Although the causes of reversible arrest are known, there may be uncertainties in diagnostic procedures and treatment during resuscitation. Classical resuscitation practice may be insufficient to solve reversible problems such as pulmonary embolism. Although there are reservations about the inclusion of point-of-care ultrasound in resuscitation, it can play a life-saving role.
Nursing Management Of The Patient Developing Quadriplegia Due To Neurological Involvement After Covid-19: A Case Report
Authors: AKDURAN Funda , EMİROĞLU Bahar
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 first emerged in China, spread quickly, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Neurological complications have led to important symptoms in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. These symptoms have substantially affected patients' quality of life, caused them to depend on others, and prolonged their recovery processes with anxiety and hopelessness. In this case report, the care process applied to an individual who developed quadriplegia due to neurological involvement after COVID-19, according to the "Nursing Model Based on Activities of Living", is shared. With effective evidence-based nursing care, the patient's quality of life was improved, existing problems were alleviated, and the patient was protected against complications.
Exploration of Male Partners’ Gender Based Violence by Female Partners in Dar es Salaam-Tanzania
Authors: Athuman Amaniel , J. Munishi Emmanuel
Published: January 2023

This study explored Gender Based violence of male partners by female partners in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, using the qualitative approach. It employed a prolonged field engagement through in-depth interviews. While Dar es Salaam Region consists five municipalities, this study was conducted in Ilala Municipality owing its strategic location in the city with big populations and large social interactions. Through snowball sampling technique, 25 men were sampled as respondents and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The study established that males experienced a variety of gender-based violence including physical, psychological and economic violence. Factors contributing to gender-based violence included lack of awareness and negative perception toward gender-based violence services. Because of the patriarchal nature of the society, men who experience GBV did not report the incidents since they felt being embarrassed and undermined by the community's social structure. Based on conclusions, the study recommends that men should strive to get empowered economically, considering that there has been a positive correlation between men’s economic powerlessness and violence against them by their partners. Affected men should be sensitized on the availability and significance of various institutions dealing with GBV; they should consult the institutions whenever they fall victim to GBV. Finally, there is a need for more male representation in gender desks since gender desks in many police stations currently lack equitable men representation.
ABSORÇÃO DE LIPÍDIOS TOTAIS EM QUIBES DE PEIXE AMAZÔNICO FRITOS POR DIFERENTES MÉTODOS
Authors: Freire Tiago , Sousa Solane , Guimarães João , Atayde Hérlon
Published: January 2023

In this study, the total lipids in kibbeh prepared from minced Amazonian “charutinho” fish (Hemiodus spp.) submitted to different types of frying were compared. Gutted and ticked specimens of this fish were subjected to milling to produce minced fish, whose portions were separated into unwashed and washed. These portions were mixed with several ingredients, formatted and frozen. The frozen kibbehs were separated into three treatments: raw (control), subjected to frying in hot oil and the other, to the electric fryer without oil. All were analyzed for total lipid content (cold extraction method). The results were statically analyzed and compared. When raw or fried in an air fryer, fish kibbeh is less “fat” than meat kibbeh, being indicated as an alternative for individuals seeking a healthier diet. For the consumption of raw kibbeh, fish are more suitable than meat, as it has fewer total lipids the more washes are used in the washing process. However, the more washings of the minced meat occur and the fewer total lipids in the raw kibbeh, the greater will be the lipid increment after frying in hot oil, indicating that this method is inconvenient for the preparation. Therefore, fish kibbeh remains a healthy food alternative for humans if they are eaten raw or fried in an air fryer.
IDEOLOŠKO-POLITIČKO PREVASPITAVANjE ŽENA U LOGORIMA GOLI OTOK I SVETI GRGUR (ANALIZA SVEDOČANSTAVA)
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences, Zalad Gordana
Published: January 2023

The theoretical framework of this paper is the historical Resolution of the Soviet Informbiro issued on June 28, 1948, and its unforeseeable consequences in Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav president Tito and the Soviet president Stalin became enemies and that was a turning point in the ideological and political life of people in Yugoslavia. Whoever opted for the Reso- lution, or was informed on, was sent to prison. Soon the concentration camps had been opened on the islands of Goli and Sveti Grgur and brutal torture had begun. Unfortunately, women were not spared and some authors speculate that there were between 3 and 5 thousand women in the camps. We interviewed three women who were imprisoned: Margita Martinović, Smilja Filipčev and Ljubica Baglama, and through their experience and recollection, analysed the structure of torture and punishment, the structure of power and the functioning of the work sites for re-education. We coined a term pyramid of power, which describes the totalitarian power in the camps where the manager was like a god and everyone had to obey without any objection. Imprisonment had tremendous consequences on their life. Punishment continued after they had left the prison: they had been constantly followed by secret police; they could not find jobs; they were isolated from their friends and family (they were also in danger of being imprisoned). This analysis of their testimony shows huge differences, but also many similari- ties and most women convicts could be classified in one of our three analysed cases.
Ocular Damage in Craniofacial-Orbital Trauma: About 170 Cases
Authors: Abounaceur A
Published: January 2023

Background: Ocular trauma represents an important part of the pathology observed in ophthalmologic emergencies, since it represents about 20% of the reasons for consultation. Ocular damage in cranio-orbital trauma is frequent and constitutes a major but avoidable cause of acquired monocular blindness and poor vision in adults.Thus, the aim of this work is to study the epidemiologic, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this clinical entity.

Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims; retrospective over 3 years (January 1, 2019 to June 1, 2022) on 170 files of patients admitted to the ophthalmological emergency department, hospital 20 August 1953 of Casablanca, Morocco, for craniofacial trauma with orbito-ocular damage.

Results: The frequency of ocular involvement was 38.6%. The average age was 27.95 years, with a male predominance (72.3%). Lesions of the anterior segment were more frequent than those of the posterior segment (16.5% versus 4.8%). The prognosis was much better in patients with closed globe trauma (96% without sequelae). Despite this, patients may still have anatomical and functional sequelae.

Conclusion: Cranio-facial-orbital trauma is a public health problem in our context and affects mainly young people. It is urgent to strengthen prevention actions at various levels.
Espacios educativos y aprendizaje en la educación superior, aproximaciones teóricas y percepción docente
Authors: Galaz-Arancibia Giselle , Collao-Jofré Daniela , Valdés-Montecinos Michel
Published: January 2023

Las universidades estatales en Chile, mayoritariamente han adoptado modelos educativos en búsqueda de la adquisición y fortalecimiento de competencias de los estudiantes, centrando las metodologías y estrategias en el rol protagónico que estos deben adquirir, para enfrentarse al campo laboral contribuyendo al progreso social, por esto, se requiere de un espacio educativo que contemple características ambientales, pedagógicas y digitales que contribuyan al logro del perfil de egreso. Es así, que se pretende comprender la relación de los espacios educativos y los modelos constructivistas, por medio de una investigación con enfoque cualitativo, que se sustenta en el paradigma interpretativo. La información recabada de fuentes primarias y secundarias, muestran hallazgos que permiten identificar los escenarios de aprendizaje en el contexto presencial y online, que requieren ser seleccionados y organizados según las competencias declaradas en los programas de estudios.
Perfil y preferencias en la elección de carrera universitaria en Colombia
Authors: Tellez Rico Sandra Milena , Guzmán-Bermúdez Yessica
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación abordó la preferencia de los bachilleres en Colombia en virtud de las decisiones que toman dentro de un conjunto de oportunidades y, que rodean la elección del programa de formación y de la institución de educación superior, aspecto que surge por la tensión entre calidad docente y calidad educativa. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender la configuración de la preferencia académica de los bachilleres para su ingreso a la educación superior, con énfasis en carreras de educación, tomando como referente elementos de la Teoría de la Elección Racional, a partir del análisis estadístico descriptivo de clústeres, extraídos de la base de datos del ICFES (Instituto Colombiano para la Evaluación de la Educación), evidenciando que la configuración de la preferencia confluyen tres elementos: a) deseos y creencias de quien decide; b) restricciones; y c) opciones disponibles o conjunto de oportunidad que permite la acción. Luego se contrastan las similitudes y diferencias de los elementos circundantes a la elección de este tipo de programas, concluyendo que hay semejanzas en sus deseos y oportunidades, no obstante, los filtros y las restricciones marcan diferencias entre los bachilleres que eligen carreras de educación y los que no.
Brecha en la Competencia Comunicativa Intercultural dentro de las aulas de inglés en Chile
Authors: Driscoll Trevor , Tovar Correal Marjorie
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se hace una revisión narrativa de la literatura relevante sobre competencia intercultural en el aula de inglés en el contexto de América Latina. El modelo de competencia comunicativa intercultural fue diseñado en la década de 1990 en Gran Bretaña por Michael Byram, un profesor de francés, para ayudar a los estudiantes de idiomas extranjeros a comunicarse con interlocutores de otras culturas. El objetivo de esta revisión narrativa es discutir el marco teórico y conceptual del modelo de Competencia Comunicativa Intercultural con la enseñanza de inglés como lengua extranjera en las aulas de América Latina y, específicamente, Chile. Esta revisión de literatura narrativa se esfuerza por discutir de manera amplia lo que la literatura revela que está ocurriendo y también descubrir vacíos en la temática. Los principales hallazgos fueron que las escuelas chilenas necesitan reducir las tensiones étnicas y raciales y que el modelo de competencia comunicativa intercultural en el aula de inglés como lengua extranjera puede formar estudiantes y docentes culturalmente sensibles.
Job Stress and Burnout Among University Teachers with Mediating Effect of Social and Gender Support
Authors: Tehreem Hina , Ali Mehwish Muhammad , Tasneem Sobia
Published: January 2023

The core objective of the research was to analyze the association between job stress and burnout among university teachers. It has been observed that stress and burnout is the natural phenomenon present in every working place, particularly among university teachers. Therefore a quantitative survey was conducted to determine whether stress and burnout are related and the impact of social support and gender differences on the relationship. For statistical analysis, teachers from four public universities in Lahore city were taken as samples. Survey questionnaires were distributed among 400 teachers through stratified random sampling. The results show that stress and burnout are positively correlated, but social support can mediate in reducing the stress to burnout relationship. Social support as a moderator plays a vital role in suppressing the pressure build-up among the teachers due to job stress and burnout. This study might be beneficial for teachers in understanding the consequences of stress and the importance of social support from university and family. This study might help retain work-life balance among teachers.
A Phenomenological Study on Academic Cheating behaviors Exhibited by Visually Impaired College Students
Authors: Ashraf Samina , Iqbal Kashif
Published: January 2023

Students with visual impairment are academically disadvantaged due to visual impairment that lets them indulge in academically dishonest behavior cheating. Academic cheating at the college level demolishes the personality and moral values of any individual. This study intended to explore academic cheating behavior in visually impaired students at the college level. This study was qualitative in approach and exploratory in nature. The sample of the study included 20 teachers working in colleges in the Lahore district that were selected from the larger group of the population for this study. A self-developed semi-structured interview was used as a tool for data collection. The validity of the instrument was assured by the experts' opinions related to the field of special education. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed through an extensive literature review and pilot testing.  Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Three major themes were drawn from the thematic analysis i.e, teachers’ perception of academic cheating, the nature of academic cheating, and remedies to eliminate academic cheating. The findings of the study revealed that the maximum number of respondents were females who reported that visually impaired students do cheating if they get the opportunity. Additionally, the majority of the respondents stated that visually impaired students are involved in various academic cheating styles due to prevalent corruption in society. The study recommended special moral training lectures by the veteran of motivation and counseling to visually impaired students at the college level periodically. Moreover, teachers at the college level should promote academic integrity in their respective classes.