bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION OF PASSIVE VERBAL CONSTRUCTIONS FROM RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN SCIENTIFIC AND SOCIO-POLITICAL TEXTS
Authors: Kunch Zoriana
Published: March 2021

This work describes specific morphological and syntactic features of Ukrainian scientific and technical speech in the context of the appearance of non-substantiated norms of the literary Ukrainian language of passive verbal constructions, and provides adequate methods for the translation of passive constructions from Russian into Ukrainian. The most common mistakes are found in the translation from the Russian language into Ukrainian syntactic constructions with passive verb forms, the causes for the appearance of these false constuctions are analyzed, and their inexpedient use is justified, as well as the need to use specific Ukrainian constructions when translating from Russian passive verbal constructions to the Ukrainian language.
Поэтический и образный строй стихотворения Е.Л. Владимировой «Я всего лишь тюремный поэт...»
Authors: ГорбачевСкИй чеСлав антоновИч
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes one of the poems written by the Russian poetess Elena Vladimirova. The author protests against prisons and hard forced camps systems established by Joseph Stalin, in which Elena Vladimirova spent more than eighteen years. We focus on such features of the poem as a poetic and figurative system and images-sym-bols, time and space, and two main “points of view”: “the supervisor’s estate” and “the slave’s estate”. The conclusions of the analyzed poem may initially seem unexpected: the boundaries between freedom and imprisonment are very unstable and subtle in the totalitarian state.
Pole frazeosemantyczne konceptu „WŁADZA”/ „ВЛАСТЬ” we współczesnym języku polskim i rosyjskim
Authors: Sitarski Andrzej
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the phraseological realisation of the concept “POWER” in modern Polish and Russian. On the basis of the denotative and connotative analysis of the examples of phraseologisms representing the concept “POWER” in both languages, the author concludes that power is a multi-layered entity in both linguacultural spaces. It encompasses the presence of the subject and object of power, as well as the distinct ability of the subject to control the way in which another subject or a nobject functions. The chosen phraseological units confirm that they represent facts and judgements that can be interpreted as mostly negative and rarely positive with a varying degree of connotative saturation, being usually negative.
Ugniatanie materii słownej „jak ogromnej dzieży ciasta”, czyli schulzowskie porównania w tłumaczeniu na język hiszpański
Authors: Galant Barbara
Published: March 2021

One of the markers of Bruno Schulz’s style is the simile. It plays two roles in the poetic prose of the author: on the one hand, it confronts two phenomena in a concise and conventional manner; on the other, it compares, quite unexpectedly, two events, living creatures or objects, which seem to have nothing in common. In this article I analyze excerpts of three Spanish translations in order to identify techniques used to render this trope, to verify the consequences of the omission of the linking words, and to investigate whether Spanish readers will be able to recreate the same or a similar image to the one evoked in the original.
Każda droga ma kres (tragiczna przystań reemigrantki Mariny Cwietajewej w Jełabudze w świetle Dzienników Gieorgija Efrona)
Authors: Ojcewicz Grzegorz
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the last few days in the life of Marina Tsvetaeva spent in Yelabuga, which eventually led the writer to commit suicide. The notes included in the diary of her son, Georgy Efron, are an important and original source of knowledge on Tsvetaeva’s mental and physical state. The 16-year-old boy’s reaction to the death of his mother may come as a surprise if a broader social and biographical context (a migrant and remigrant biography of the poetess and her teenage son as well as the reality of the Stalinist country, where – contrary to the assurances made by the propaganda – there was no safe haven for people returning from post-Revolution exile) is not taken into consideration.
Specyfika semantyczna czasowników z przyrostkiem -ну-/-ną- w języku rosyjskim i polskim
Authors: Woch Joanna
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate semantic similarities and differences between Polish and Russian verbs with suffixes -ну-/-ną-. The analyzed affixes form semantically neutral semelfactive verbs in standard Polish and Russian. The main differ-ence can be observed in the spoken language, in which suffixes -ну-/-ną- form expressive semelfactive verbs. The study shows that the Russian suffix -ну- is more productive as it can be added to almost any durative verb stem and it is part of another suffix -ану-, which does not have an equivalent in Polish. In Polish the expressive character of -ną-verbs can be achieved secondarily as a result of a metaphorization and metonymyzation of semantically neutral verbs.
Бытование кириллической книги XVI – первой четверти XVII в. в старообрядческой среде
Authors: Титовец Елена
Published: March 2021

The subject of analysis is the old printed Cyrillic editions of the 16th – first quarter of the 17th century books, acquired by the Central Science Library of NAS of Belarus from Old Believers M.S. Sevastyanov and N.M. Sorokin. Based on a study of handwritten notes, stamps and other book signs, the author reveals the history of these copies. The owners of the books were representatives of various social groups. All the features of the exemplars are represented in the catalogues of the Cyrillic editions of the Central Science Library of NAS of Belarus.
ПРЕЗЕНТАТИВНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯ ПРИРОДЫ В ИДИОСТИЛЕ БОРИСА ГРЕБЕНЩИКОВА
Authors: Leszczak Swietłana
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the distinction between the function of a descriptive artisticmodel and the explicative schemes of its realization. The descriptive model is consideredas a structural-model function responsible for the cognitive representation of reality thatis pictured in a text, a series of texts, creative output of an author, or a certain artistictrend. Semantics of a descriptive model is always connected to some cognitive spaceof the picture of the world. Based on the example of cognitive space “nature”, the authorfocuses on the descriptive model of the presentation of this cognitive space employed byBoris Grebenshchikov in his poetic texts. Moreover, the author determines the conceptsof nature most relevant to the poet’s idiostyle.
AKSJOLOGICZNA (NIE)STABILNOŚĆ ORIENTACJI W/DO (WEWNĄTRZ)-OD (NA ZEWNĄTRZ)
Authors: Popek-Bernat Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to investigate the axiology related to the IN(TO)-OUTorientation. Following the assumptions developed by Krzeszowski [1994, 1997],the type of values ascribed to these orientations may vary within a specific context.In order to verify whether and how often the IN(TO) and the OUT orientations arein fact positively or negatively loaded and to what extent their axiologies are (in)stable,some linguistic elaborations of the sex-related orientational metaphors in Spanish andPolish are analyzed. The study is based on the premises of the Fundamental AxiologicalMatrix conception [Krzeszowski 1997].
METODOLOGIA POSTĘPOWANIA PRZY REKONSTRUKCJI RAMY KOGNITYWNEJ POJĘCIA TOLERANCJI NA PODSTAWIE MODELU SEMANTYKI RAMOWEJ ALEXANDRA ZIEMA
Authors: Dudzik Karina
Published: March 2021

The principal aim of this article is to present the author’s own analysis modelfor the creation of a holistic cognitive definition of ‘tolerance’, based on Alexander Ziem’ssemantic frame theory. Starting with frame and its constituent elements (slots, fillers,default values), the author compares her own concept and Ziem’s model, demonstratingboth similarities and differences that can be explained by various aims of the analysis.The last part discusses the advantages of the frame semantics perspective in the research,including contrastive research concerning the meaning of linguistic expressions.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕКСИКОГРАФИРОВАНИЯ МНОГОЗНАЧНЫХ СЛОВ В «ЦЕРКОВНОМ СЛОВАРЕ» ПРОТОИЕРЕЯ ПЕТРА АЛЕКСЕЕВА
Authors: Феликсов Сергей
Published: March 2021

This article discusses features of the lexicographic description of polysemous wordsin one of the most valuable works in eighteenth-century Russian culture – The ChurchGlossary by Archpriest Peter Alekseev. It is the first work in the history of Russianlexicography that provides the most comprehensive description of church terms.
ODCHODZĄCA ROSJA W POWIEŚCI DAWNA PODRÓŻ LEONIDA ZUROWA
Authors: Witczak Patryk
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the theme of Russia in the novel Old journey written by a wellknownnovelist of the first wave of Russian emigration in the 20th century, Leonid Zurov.Emigrational literary vision of Russia, overwhelmed by the element of revolution,had also its mystical aspect, where the suffering of the country was in the foreground.The messianic dimension is implied by the motif of Russia – the holy Rus.
“Вовча зоря” and “Сталінка”: The lost generation through the eyes of Yevgen Pashkovsky and Oles Ulyanenko
Authors: Horniatko-Szumiłowicz Anna
Published: March 2021

The subject of the paper is to compare the two contemporary novels – “Вовча зоря” (1991) and “Сталінка” (1994). The research question concernes the portrayal of the lost generation by the two prominent Ukrainian writers, also authors of the aforementioned novels – Y. Pashkovsky (b. 1962) and O. Ulyanenko (1962-2010). The research methodology includes the historical approach, the theoretical approach, the analytical method and the comparative approach. Research involved an analysis of source material, specifically the avalaible critical pieces (papers, reviews, interviews). Results learned from the research allow us to determine that despite a few differences in world creation and style, both writers accurately portrayed the Ukrainian lost generation of the 1980s, including their misplaced values and lost direction.
ЕМПІРИЧНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Габа Ірина
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study of social activity as a qualitative characteristic of professional self-realization of the individual, internally determined by his individual needs, values, volitional characteristics and characteristics, which is manifested in the desire to transform society and self and appropriate actions (social activities). It is noted that professional self-realization is considered in a broader context and includes social activity as one of the forms of success. It was found that professional self-realization of the individual requires an appropriate mode of activity, which is characterized by purposefulness, freedom, independence and occurs as needed, and social activity aims to acquire knowledge, skills and abilities through meaningful activities that transform attitudes toward objects of knowledge. The relationship between social activity and professional self-realization of student youth is revealed. It is proved that the higher the level of self-efficacy in the activity, the better developed the professional sphere and its value components, as well as the levels of internality. It was found that the level of self-efficacy in activity is inversely dependent on self-efficacy in interpersonal communication. There is a direct relationship between the level of predominance of the professional sphere and the types of subjective control. It is established that the predominance of life values ​​in the professional sphere of life, in particular the predominance of a high level of creativity is explained by the desire of modern youth to modernize the work process and self-realization in the profession through their own activity as individuals. It is determined that student youth seeks to achieve concrete and tangible results in their professional activities, to achieve recognition in society, approval of their own work, but due to the fact that this is only the beginning of their professional self-realization, these social activities are developing. Based on the obtained results, the dependence of indicators of professional self-realization on the factors of social activity of student youth was established.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ РЕСУРСИ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ПСИХОЛОГА
Authors: Шахов ВЛАДИСЛАВ , Шахов ВОЛОДИМИР
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes and summarizes the results of an empirical study of socio-psychological resources that determine the psychological features of the professional identity of future psychologists in the process of their training in higher education. There were significant differences in the indicators of professional identity of first and fourth year students, which determine the current status of professional identity. In particular, the most significant differences in the status of professional identity between first- and fourth-year students were identified on the scales of autonomy, service, and challenge. A significant difference between first- and fourth-year students is characterized by the data on the "moratorium" scale, which indicates the predominance of first-year students in the state of identity crisis and active efforts to solve it by trying different options. The status of a "moratorium" usually involves high anxiety. Comparing the results of the study of professional identity of first and fourth year students, in the course of empirical research we found significant differences in the indicators that determine the imposed, formed status of professional identity and moratorium. Thus, according to our data, most fourth-year students have achieved a professional identity. This indicates the formation of a certain set of personally significant goals, values and beliefs that provide a sense of direction and meaningfulness of life.
Noncognitive Factors Affecting Academic Achievement of Juvenile Delinquents
Authors: Coker David
Published: March 2021

The present study provides a description and analysis of the plight of first-time detained juvenile delinquents in the United States and the impact of noncognitive attributes and academic achievement on grades. Juvenile delinquents have poor outcomes as adults in higher rates of drug abuse, poor high school graduation rates, and lowered employment well into adulthood. The research questions examined the correlation among the noncognitive attributes of grit, academic self-concept, mental health, and self-esteem, academic achievement, and English and Mathematics grades for first-time detained juvenile delinquents aged 10-18. A multiple regression analysis of archival records of students in a short-term juvenile detention center was conducted. Findings showed three predictor variables were statistically significant and influenced academic performance measured by grades: verbal ability, social self-esteem, and prosocial skills. For juvenile delinquents (n = 72; males = 58, females = 14) aged 10-18 (M =15.3; SD = 1.6; range 10-18), the three predictor variables predicted English grades (adjusted R2 = .280) and Mathematics grades (adjusted R2 = .225). There was a discussion and recommendations for policies and research. The results support the need to consider noncognitive factors and the consideration of communication skills in the education of juvenile delinquents.
Les variétés améliorées de douglas en France
Authors: Bastien Jean-Charles , Philippe Gwenaël , Rousselle Yves , Sanchez Leopoldo , Chaumet Marin , Girard Sabine
Published: March 2021

Die verbesserten Douglasienherkünfte in Frankreich

Le douglas est planté sur 415 000 ha en France. Du fait de sa croissance rapide, sa plasticité et la qualité de son bois, le douglas occupe une place croissante dans les reboisements. Chaque année, les 700 kg de semences nécessaires pour produire les plants destinés aux reboisements sont récoltés dans huit vergers à graines. Les performances et la plasticité de ces huit variétés sont évaluées dans une large gamme de milieux en vue de fournir aux reboiseurs des conseils d’utilisation pour le court terme et des perspectives à plus long terme face au réchauffement climatique. Des mesures recueillies sur 24 sites à un stade encore juvénile (5 à 8 ans) ne montrent pas de différences marquées entre variétés pour la survie. En revanche, elles mettent en évidence des différences d’environ trois semaines entre la date de débourrement des plants du verger le plus précoce et celle du plus tardif. Sur l’ensemble des sites, hormis un verger composé de clones californiens, la supériorité de croissance en hauteur des variétés par rapport à celle d’un peuplement de l’aire naturelle utilisé comme témoin varie entre 7 et 16%. Par ailleurs, si la croissance en hauteur est très dépendante du site de test, les interactions entre variétés et sites restent très peu significatives. Cet article présente enfin la stratégie adoptée pour créer une nouvelle génération de vergers à graines, destinée à produire 1000 kg de semences par an, tenant compte d’une évolution possible des besoins en variétés de douglas souhaitées par la filière forêt bois française.
Über die Invasivität der Douglasie und ihre Auswirkungen auf Boden und Biodiversität
Authors: Wohlgemuth Thomas , Moser Barbara , Pötzelsberger Elisabeth , Rigling Andreas , Gossner Martin M.
Published: March 2021

Über die Invasivität der Douglasie und ihre Auswirkungen auf Boden und Biodiversität

In der Diskussion urn die Aufrechterhaltung der Ökosysternleistungen von Wäldern irn Klirnawandel stehen dern Nutzen von gebietsfrernden Baurnarten ernsthafte Bedenken des Naturschutzes gegenüber. Die Frage, ob eine Baurnart invasiv ist oder nicht, bringt die beiden Positionen auf den Punkt. Der vorliegende Artikel überprüft den Invasivitätsstatus für die Gewähnliche Douglasie (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco), die als Zukunftsbaurnart gilt. Es wird dabei von der in der Schweiz gültigen Definition ausgegangen, wonach sich ausbreitende gebietsfrernde Arten invasiv sind, wenn sie die Biodiversität und Ökosysternleistungen beeinträchtigen oder Mensch und Urnwelt gefährden. Angesichts fehlender Hinweise auf eine selbstständige Ausbreitung der Baurnart kann die Douglasie in der Schweiz nicht als invasiv bezeichnet werden. Vergleichsstudien in Mitteleuropa belegen, dass der Anbau der Douglasie nicht nachteilig auf die Bodeneigenschaften wirkt. Irn Vergleich zu Reinund Mischbeständen aus Eiche, Buche und Fichte bieten jedoch Douglasienreinbestände ungünstigere Lebensräurne für Tier- und Pilzarten, was sich in geringeren Artenzahlen ausdrückt. Für Gefässpflanzen und Moose sind die Unterschiede stark von der Bestandesstruktur abhängig und daher steuerbar. Wir folgern daher, dass die Douglasie in naturnah bestockten Wäldern beigernischt werden kann, wobei rnagliche Auswirkungen auf die Biodiversität kontinuierlich beobachtet werden rnüssen.
Pengaruh Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Dan Emphaty Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pada Outlet Perum Bulog Cabang jember
Authors: Faikotul Hikmaha Anggun Elok , Maspufah Hayatul , Salahudin Salahudin
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Emphaty terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada outlet Perum Bulog Cabang Jember baik secara parsial maupun simultan.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer yang dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber yang berasal dari kuesioner, wawancara, studi pustaka dan observasi langsung pada perusahaan. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan metode analsis regresi linier berganda, uji hipotesis, dan koefisien determinasi dengan bantuan alat analisis SPSS versi 21.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel Tangible (X1), Reliability (X2), Responsiveness (X3), Assurance (X4), Emphaty (X5) berpengaruh secara simultan pada outlet Perum Bulog Cabang Jember. Sedangkan pengujian secara parsial variabel Tangible () dan Emphaty (X5) tidak berpengaruh secara parsialterhadap kepuasan konsumen pada outlet Perum Bulog Cabang Jember dan variabelReliability (X2), Responsiveness (X3), Assurance (X4), berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap kepuasan konsumen  pada outlet Perum Bulog Cabang Jember.
Radiowave technology of resonant gas-sensor microwave telemetry
Authors: Kostin M. S. , Yarlykov A. D.
Published: March 2021

The possibility of using microstrip reflector microwave resonators in solving problems of resonant gas-sensor telemetry on layered dielectric substrates with gas-sensitive sputtering was investigated. It is noted that the use of chemically active sputtering, for example, on the basis of zeolites having a high selective gas adsorbent kinetics in terms of speed, makes it possible to create radiosensor materials capable of changing the dielectric constant in the process of absorbing gases, as well as of sublimated vapors of solid and liquid phases of various compounds. As an alternative approach in the field of dosimetric gas monitoring, a modification of radiosensor applications based on microwave sensors is proposed, which allows using microwave solutions based on microstrip microwave resonators with active gas-sensitive sorption zeolite sputtering on a dielectric substrate to conduct gas analysis in real time. The radio-wave principle of the microstrip gas sensor analyzer was formulated. An electrodynamic model of a microstrip gas sensor analyzer in the Altair Feko environment was developed. An experiment was planned, and gas-sensor telemetry tests of ammonia vapors  dissolved  in  water were carried out. It was established that the amount  of sorbed water and ammonia in the zeolite unambiguously conforms both to the absolute value of the reflection coefficient at resonance and to the resonant frequency itself. Using  the example of recording hydrogen nitride vapors it was shown that the reflection coefficient and frequency shift in the resonator, which depend on the concentration of the adsorbed gas, correspond to the saturation characteristics of the gas sensor and make it possible to repeatedly measure small concentrations of a gas that can be absorbed by zeolite at a temperature corresponding to the condition of rapid evaporation of controlled gas from the active dielectric layer, which guarantees desorption of the sensor. It was established that in order to increase the speed of the gas sensor response it is advisable to create a microstrip resonator for the resonance region of 8...10 GHz and to use a microstrip sensor substrate material with a high dielectric constant. This is due to the fact that the transition to the upper microwave frequencies will allow reducing the size of the topology of the microstrip resonator and reducing the effective area of the zeolite deposition, and, consequently, increasing the adsorption rate of the gas-sensitive layer of the active dielectric.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA INDUSTRI KECIL DAN MENENGAHDENGAN PENDEKATAN MODEL ERGONOMI POSTUR KERJA
Authors: Arief Syaeful
Published: March 2021

Human factors are very important factors in small and medium industries, in determining the productivity of a production system. However, work safety and comfort are often overlooked, as happened in two different companies, namely food companies and manufacturing companies. Both are influenced by the conditions of the company's work facilities that are less ergonomic, so that they can endanger the body of the worker. A similar thing also happened to Manufacturing companies. This study aims to analyze and make a proposal for a more ergonomic work facility design using the Ergonimi pastoral approach. From the results of the improvement it was found that the risk level of Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD) was reduced from high to low and from high to moderate. While productivity of work time increases by 10-20%.
Website e-Commerce Penjualan Sepatu Sekolah Studi Kasus : Toko Sepatu Nadin di Tembilahan
Authors: Yuli Prasetyo Dwi
Published: March 2021

The rapid development of technology makes users increasingly spoiled by their presence, especially those that are developing today, namely e-commerce websites, especially with the spread of the Covid-19 virus pandemic that occurs almost everywhere around the world, making people very afraid to interact outside the home, with e-commerce makes buyers or consumers very easy in the process of purchasing transactions. Consumers do not need to come to the Nadin Tembilahan shoe store but they only need to open an e-commerce website using either a handphone or a computer, buyers can choose and buy the desired shoes. Nadin shop is one of the shops that operates in the shoe sales department in the area of tembilahan, managing a shoe shop is not as easy as imagined. Lack of sales in the days of the Covid-19 pendemic and the difficulty of processing payments and shipping goods, making a decrease in sales turnover shoes. Another problem faced by Nadin shoe stores is one of them is the process of selling shoes that still use the manual system, not yet done using e-commerce websites. Many weaknesses and omissions such as slow sales services, stacking shoes, inaccurate and timely reporting. With this problem the researchers tried to help to design a shoe sales e-commerce website, with the presence of this e-commerce very helpful for shop owners in managing their shoe stores, this proved to easily convey the promotion of shoes to the public, purchase transactions, payment and shipping of goods, because the buyer does not have to come to the shop, the buyer just simply makes a purchase transaction and waits for his shoes to come home. The presence of this e-commerce website really helped Nadin shopkeepers in Tembilahan in running their business and also provided a decent profit especially during the Covid-19 virus pandemic.
Analisa Kapasitas Daya Dukung Cerocok Tunggal dan Kelompok Skala Lapangan
Authors: Sofyan  , Muhardi  , Fatnanta Ferry
Published: March 2021

Provinsi Riau didominasi oleh tanah lunak yang berupa tanah sedimen alluvial dataran rendah, terutama daerah rawa pasang surut di kabupaten yang dekat dengan sungai. Umumnya permasalahan yang timbul pada konstruksi di atas tanah lunak adalah besarnya penurunan dan kapasitas dukung yang rendah yang diakibatkan dari beban berat tanah itu sendiri. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengujian di lapangan lokasinya di jalan sungai beringin kel. Sungai beringin Kab. Indragiri Hilir   dengan variasi fondasi cerucuk bakau tunggal dan kelompok variasi spasi dengan panjang cerucuk yang di gunakan ± 7 meter dengan metode loading test pemberian beban untuk cerucuk tunggal 50 kg (25%) hingga mencapai 200%, untuk cerucuk Kelompok variasi spasi di beri beban ±139 kg (25%) hingga beban mencapai 200%.

Berdasarkan metode analis dan metode loading test yang digunakan. Dari hasil penelitian

diperoleh cerucuk bakau group spasi 3 d memiliki kapasitas Q ultimit yang besar dengan penurunan tanah  yang  kecil.  Pengaruh  variasi  spasi  dan  konfigurasi  cerucuk  bakau  terhadap  kekuatan pengujian pembebanan cerucuk bakau juga memberikan nilai Q ultimit yang berbeda. Variasi spasi dari hasil pengujian q ultimit pada cerucuk bakau di tanah lunak yang memiliki jarak (spasi 3 d) menghasilkan q ultimit lebih besar dibandingkan pemasangan cerucuk yang rapat (0 d), sedangkan variasi konfigurasi cerucuk bakau tunggal metode analis (metode Mayerhof) menghasilkan q ultimit 774,78 kg dan metode interpretasi (metode chin) sebesar 472 kg.
Proyección de Matricula para el Análisis de la Infraestructura de Programas Académicos en Vía de Acreditación
Authors: Villegas Téllez R. , Torres Frausto D.A. , Palacios Gutiérrez K. , De Los Reyes Quiroz F.
Published: March 2021

La proyección de matrícula es una metodología útil para pronosticar el flujo educativo de cualquier institución educativa, ya que apoya la toma de decisiones. La UNESCO ha diseñado un modelo de simulación para la estrategia y política educativa llamado EPSSim. Se recuperó la información del sistema de control escolar Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Irapuato para realizar elcálculo de las tasas de transición, las cuales se usaron en el modelo de flujo educativo diseñado y aplicado a una solución de software. El modelo de flujo educativo estimó una proyección de 63 alumnos para el primer ciclo del año 2016 teniendo como base 93 alumnos de nuevo ingreso. Las dos áreas de infraestructura académica que resultaron deficientes en el análisis de la proyección considerando los lineamientos del Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación son el equipamiento de los laboratorios y el acervo bibliográfico disponible en la biblioteca.

Enrollment forecast is a useful methodology to estimate the educational flow of any educational institution in order to support decision making. UNESCO has developed a simulation model for both, educational strategy and educational policy called EPSSim.The information needed to calculate the transition rates was retrieved from the educational control system of the Instituto Tecnologico Superior de Irapuato, these rates were used in the educational flow model, designed and applied to a software solution. This educational flow model estimated 63 students in the first cycle in 2016 having a base of 93 of new enrollment. The academic infrastructure areas that were deficient considering this forecast regarding the guidelines of the Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación (National Computing Acreditation Council) were the equipment of laboratories and the bibliographic titles available in the library.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Flavonoid Content in Biancaea Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Leaves
Authors: Nurlinda Nurlinda , Handayani Virsa , Rasyid Faradiba Abdul
Published: March 2021

AbstractBiancaea sappan  (BS) is traditionally used to treat anticonvulsants, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anticoagulant, antiviral, immunostimulant, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. Flavonoids are found in Secang; flavonoids are secondary metabolites that have antioxidant activity. This study aims to identify the flavonoids using TLC and determination of flavonoids content in BS leaves. Initially, The methanol extract of BS was obtained by maceration with ethanol. The qualitative analysis of flavonoid was using TLC and visualization by sprayed with AlCl3. The determination of total flavonoid content is conducted based on the AlCl3 method with total flavonoids expressed in QE (Quercetin equivalent) at the maximum wavelength of 431 nm. The research results showed that BS leaves contain flavonoids and the total flavonoid content of BS leaf extract is 1.0318 mg QE / g extract.Keywords: Caesalpinia sappan; Flavonoid content, Spectrophotometric
Las garantías jurídicas frente a la participación política de las mujeres en Colombia, Perú y Bolivia
Authors: Andrade Obando Ángela Geovana , Arboleda Aristizábal Laura , Chalarca Hoyos Jenny
Published: March 2021

La participación política de la mujer está respaldada en cada ordenamiento jurídico, en la cual se consagra la facultad que tiene toda mujer a participar en escenarios políticos, pero, en la actualidad los índices de participación política de la mujer son mínimos debido a prejuicios que a lo largo del tiempo se han presentado hacia la mujer y su intervención en este campo, por ende surgió la necesidad de indagar sobre el tema, ya que cada ordenamiento jurídico ha creado garantías que respaldan y facilitan el acceso a estos escenarios políticos o decisiones políticas. Para la indagación se utilizó como herramienta metodológica el Derecho Comparado que permite confrontar diversos sistemas jurídicos que en la actualidad se encuentran vigentes. Se analizó la normatividad, jurisprudencia y doctrina entre Colombia, Bolivia y Perú, y encontramos una problemática de desigualdad e inequidad en la participación política. A través de la indagación y comparación entonces de los instrumentos jurídicos entre tales países, se obtuvo referencias que permitieron lograr mejores resultados al conocer sobre las garantías jurídicas y que a su vez han formado un ejercicio de paridad política y equilibrio hacia la inclusión femenina en los movimientos de participación.
Anti-fungal secondary metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes from rhizospheric bacteria in crop protection: a review
Authors: Chowdhury Farhana Tasnim , Zaman Nazia Rifat , Islam Mohammad Riazul , Khan Haseena
Published: March 2021

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) residing in soil rhizosphere provide enormous beneficial effects to a plant host producing diverse secondary metabolites and enzymes useful for plant growth and protection. Siderophores, antibiotics, volatile compounds and hydrolytic enzymes are the major molecules secreted by the PGPRs, which have substantial antifungal properties and can provide plant protection. These compounds are responsible for the lysis and hyperparasitism of antagonists against deleterious fungal pathogens. Siderophore-producing PGPRs function by depriving the pathogen of iron nutrition. Antibiotics have been reported to be involved in the suppression of different fungal pathogens by inducing fungistasis, inhibition of spore germination, lysis of fungal mycelia. The PGPRs also secrete a wide range of low molecular weight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that inhibit mycelial growth, sporulation, germination of phytophathogenic fungi, etc. Hydrolytic enzymes, mostly chitinase, protease and cellulose, lyse the cell wall of fungi. Therefore, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be considered as an effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable replacement to the chemical fungicides. There are many PGPRs that perform very well in controlled conditions but not in field conditions, and hence the commercializing of hese products is not easy.  Development of formulations with increased shelf life, a broad spectrum of action and consistent performance under field conditions can pave the way for commercializing the PGPRs at a faster rate.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 44, No. 2, 69-84, 2020
Um olhar sobre a evasão de estudantes universitários durante os estudos remotos provocados pela pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Nunes Renata Cristina
Published: March 2021

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar de que forma os estudantes universitários estão lidando com o ensino remoto e quais fatores estão relacionados à sua decisão de abandonar disciplinas. A metodologia foi descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Os meios de investigação utilizados caracterizam este estudo como Levantamento. Os estudantes que participaram da pesquisa são de cursos superiores do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense – campus Cabo Frio que, por conta do fechamento das escolas causado pela pandemia do COVID-19, começou a oferta do ensino remoto a partir de setembro de 2020. Os resultados indicam que os estudantes estão cansados, ansiosos, estressados, desanimados, desmotivados e aprendendo menos. Muitos estudantes relacionam a falta de tempo como razão para a desistência, por trás dessa resposta revelam-se a sobrecarga de trabalho, as tarefas domésticas mas esconde-se a falta de uma rotina de estudos. O momento é desafiador para as instituições, mas o desafio não se encerra com o retorno às atividades presenciais. Será necessário tomar medidas para lidar com os sentimentos desses estudantes e também com as deficiências de aprendizado que possam ter ocorrido.
DEVELOPMENT OF A GUIDE MODULE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILL BASED HISTORICAL LEARNING OUTCOME TEST INSTRUMENT
Authors: Fikri Asyrul
Published: March 2021

This research aims to create a module for making a history learning outcome test based on High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in lectures at the Departement of History Education at the University of Riau, in the Penilaian pembelajaran Sejarah course. The research method used in this research is research and development which adopts the 4-D (Four-D) development model.In this research, the development in question is the creation of a guide module for the preparation of High Order Thinking Skill-based historical learning outcomes instruments The result of expert validation on the module content has a value of 3.8 (very feasible), then the result of the linguist validation has a value of 3.6 (very feasible). and the results of the module trial for students gave a score of 96.22 (very positive). Thus, the guide module that has been compiled is suitable for use as teaching materials in Penilaian pembelajaran Sejarah course at the Riau University departement of Historical education.
Impartiality through ‘Moral Optics’: Why Adam Smith revised David Hume's Moral Sentimentalism
Authors: Fricke Christel , Carrasco Maria Alejandra
Published: March 2021

We read Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments as a critical response to David Hume's moral theory. While both share a commitment to moral sentimentalism, they propose different ways of meeting its main challenge, that is, explaining how judgments informed by (partial) sentiments can nevertheless have a justified claim to general authority. This difference is particularly manifest in their respective accounts of ‘moral optics’, or the way they rely on the analogy between perceptual and moral judgments. According to Hume, making perceptual and moral judgments requires focusing on frequently co-occurring impressions (perceptions of objects or reactive sentiments) for tracking an existing object with its perceptual properties or an agent's character traits. Smith uses visual perception for the purpose of illustrating one source of the partiality of the sentiments people feel in response to actions. Before making a moral judgment, people have to disregard this partiality and accept that they are all equally important. Smith and Hume's different ways of relying on the same analogy reveals the still-overlooked and yet profound differences between their moral theories.
Perception as a Multi-Stage Process: A Reidian Account
Authors: Folescu Marina
Published: March 2021

The starting point of this paper is Thomas Reid's anti-skepticism: our knowledge of the external world is justified. The justificatory process, in his view, starts with and relies upon one of the main faculties of the human mind: perception. Reid's theory of perception has been thoroughly studied, but there are some missing links in the explanatory chain offered by the secondary literature. In particular, I will argue that we do not have a complete picture of the mechanism of perception of bodies. The present paper, relying, in part, on a particular theory in psychology – the feature integration theory of attention – will make a contribution in this regard.
Critical Role of TLR4 on the Microglia Activation Induced by Maternal LPS Exposure Leading to ASD-Like Behavior of Offspring
Authors: Xiao Lu , Yan Junyan , Feng Di , Ye Shasha , Yang Ting , Wei Hua , Li Tingyu , Sun Wuqing , Chen Jie
Published: March 2021

Objective: To investigate the role of TLR4 on the microglia activation in the pre-frontal cortex, which leads to autism-like behavior of the offspring induced by maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure.

Methods: Pregnant TLR4−/− (knockout, KO) and WT (wild type, WT) dams were intraperitoneally injected with LPS or PBS, respectively. The levels of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the maternal serum and fetal brain were assessed with ELISA following LPS exposure. The gestation period, litter size and weight of the offspring were evaluated. Three-chamber sociability test, open field test and olfactory habituation/dishabituation test were used to assess the offspring's autism-like behavior at 7 weeks of age. Western blotting was performed to examine the levels of TLR4, Phospho-NFκB p65, IKKα, IBA-1, iNOS, Arg-1, C3, CR3A, NMDAR2A, and Syn-1 expression in the pre-frontal cortex. The morphological changes in the microglia, the distribution and expression of TLR4 were observed by immunofluorescence staining. Golgi-Cox staining was conducted to evaluate the dendritic length and spine density of the neurons in 2-week-old offspring.

Results: Maternal LPS stimulation increased serum TNFα and IL-6, as well as fetal brain TNFα in the WT mice. The litter size and the weight of the WT offspring were significantly reduced following maternal LPS treatment. LPS-treated WT offspring had lower social and self-exploration behavior, and greater anxiety and repetitive behaviors. The protein expression levels of TLR4 signaling pathways, including TLR4, Phospho-NFκB p65, IKKα, and IBA-1, iNOS expression were increased in the LPS-treated WT offspring, whereas Arg-1 was decreased. Maternal LPS treatment resulted in the significant reduction in the levels of the synaptic pruning-related proteins, C3 and CR3A. Moreover, the neuronal dendritic length and spine density, as well as the expression levels of the synaptic plasticity-related proteins, NMDAR2A and Syn-1 were reduced in the WT offspring; however, gestational LPS exposure had no effect on the TLR4−/− offspring.

Conclusion: Activation of TLR4 signaling pathway following maternal LPS exposure induced the abnormal activation of microglia, which in turn was involved in excessive synaptic pruning to decrease synaptic plasticity in the offspring. This may be one of the reasons for the autism-like behavior in the offspring mice.
Combination With Tomatidine Improves the Potency of Posaconazole Against Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Rocha-Hasler Marianne , de Oliveira Gabriel Melo , da Gama Aline Nefertiti , Fiuza Ludmila Ferreira de Almeida , Fesser Anna Frieda , Cal Monica , Rocchetti Romina , Peres Raiza Brandão , Guan Xue Li , Kaiser Marcel , Soeiro Maria de Nazaré Correia , Mäser Pascal
Published: March 2021

Azoles such as posaconazole (Posa) are highly potent against Trypanosoma cruzi. However, when tested in chronic Chagas disease patients, a high rate of relapse after Posa treatment was observed. It appears that inhibition of T. cruzi cytochrome CYP51, the target of azoles, does not deliver sterile cure in monotherapy. Looking for suitable combination partners of azoles, we have selected a set of inhibitors of sterol and sphingolipid biosynthetic enzymes. A small-scale phenotypic screening was conducted in vitro against the proliferative forms of T. cruzi, extracellular epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Against the intracellular, clinically relevant forms, four out of 15 tested compounds presented higher or equal activity as benznidazole (Bz), with EC50 values ≤2.2 μM. Ro48-8071, an inhibitor of lanosterol synthase (ERG7), and the steroidal alkaloid tomatidine (TH), an inhibitor of C-24 sterol methyltransferase (ERG6), exhibited the highest potency and selectivity indices (SI = 12 and 115, respectively). Both were directed to combinatory assays using fixed-ratio protocols with Posa, Bz, and fexinidazole. The combination of TH with Posa displayed a synergistic profile against amastigotes, with a mean ΣFICI value of 0.2. In vivo assays using an acute mouse model of T. cruzi infection demonstrated lack of antiparasitic activity of TH alone in doses ranging from 0.5 to 5 mg/kg. As observed in vitro, the best combo proportion in vivo was the ratio 3 TH:1 Posa. The combination of Posa at 1.25 mpk plus TH at 3.75 mpk displayed suppression of peak parasitemia of 80% and a survival rate of 60% in the acute infection model, as compared to 20% survival for Posa at 1.25 mpk alone and 40% for Posa at 10 mpk alone. These initial results indicate a potential for the combination of posaconazole with tomatidine against T. cruzi.
Calculation of Short-Circuit Current in DC Distribution System Based on MMC Linearization
Authors: Sun Peixiao , Jiao Zaibin , Gu Hanwen
Published: March 2021

The calculation of the short-circuit current is an important basis for fault detection and equipment selection in the DC distribution system. This paper proposes a linearized model for modular multilevel converter (MMC) considering different grounding methods and different failure scenarios. This model can be used in different fault conditions before MMC’s block. Under different fault forms, the model has different manifestations. This paper analyzes and models the DC distribution network with two types of faults: inter-pole short circuit and single-pole grounding short circuit. Among them, the modeling and analysis of single-pole grounding short-circuit uses the method of common- and differential-mode (CDM) transformation. To solve such a model, an analytical calculation method is proposed. As a mean of evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model, the analytical calculation solution is compared to the solution produced by PSCAD/EMTDC. A comparison of the results reveals the efficacy of the proposed model.
Animal Cognition in an Urbanised World
Authors: Lee Victoria E. , Thornton Alex
Published: March 2021

Explaining how animals respond to an increasingly urbanised world is a major challenge for evolutionary biologists. Urban environments often present animals with novel problems that differ from those encountered in their evolutionary past. To navigate these rapidly changing habitats successfully, animals may need to adjust their behaviour flexibly over relatively short timescales. These behavioural changes, in turn, may be facilitated by an ability to acquire, store, and process information from the environment. The question of how cognitive abilities allow animals to avoid threats and exploit resources (or constrain their ability to do so) is attracting increasing research interest, with a growing number of studies investigating cognitive and behavioural differences between urban-dwelling animals and their non-urban counterparts. In this review we consider why such differences might arise, focusing on the informational challenges faced by animals living in urban environments, and how different cognitive abilities can assist in overcoming these challenges. We focus largely on birds, as avian taxa have been the subject of most research to date, but discuss work in other species where relevant. We also address the potential consequences of cognitive variation at the individual and species level. For instance, do urban environments select for, or influence the development of, particular cognitive abilities? Are individuals or species with particular cognitive phenotypes more likely to become established in urban habitats? How do other factors, such as social behaviour and individual personality, interact with cognition to influence behaviour in urban environments? The aim of this review is to synthesise current knowledge and identify key avenues for future research, in order to improve our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary consequences of urbanisation.