bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jovens, arte e os sentidos de cidade
Authors: Bueno Gabriel , Zanella Andréa Vieira
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho são analisados possíveis sentidos de cidade a partir de fotografias produzidas por alguns jovens residentes em Florianópolis/SC. As informações que baseiam este artigo são oriundas de um projeto de oficinas estéticas voltadas para a prática e para a discussão teórica de linguagens artísticas oriundas da arte urbana. Foram escolhidas para análise dos sentidos de cidade as fotografias e um graffiti realizado coletivamente que ilustra a cidade, além da nossa própria imersão como participantes das oficinas. As análises foram realizadas a partir das contribuições de L. Vygotsky e M. Bakhtin – focando a relação semiótica que se estabelece entre os jovens e a cidade e os sujeitos que se constituem a partir dessa relação. Como resultado foi possível constatar que alguns elementos apareceram com frequência nas objetivações estéticas da cidade. Esses elementos nos dizem sobre como estes jovens florianopolitanos vêem a sua cidade e quais sentidos estão sendo atribuídos a ela.
Do estrangeiro em sua corporeidade: notas sobre ética na tradução literária
Authors: Cardoso Ferreira Rony Márcio
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão teórica a respeito da ética na tradução literária, considerando o profícuo diálogo entre perspectivas epistemológicas que concebem o ato tradutório enquanto atividade relacional por excelência. Em outras palavras, objetiva evidenciar em que medida a tradução, como fenômeno linguístico, literário e cultural, mobiliza uma atitude ética do tradutor frente a uma alteridade. Esta reflexão também mobiliza considerações a partir de termos fundamentais dos estudos da tradução literária (fidelidade, experiência, intraduzibilidade, estrangeiro, estrangeiridade, analítica da tradução, transferência, hospitalidade, diferença, entre outros), no intento de postular a importância da tradução e dos tradutores na história, na constituição das literaturas e nas formações de identidades culturais. Para tanto, valeremo-nos, principalmente, dos postulados de Antoine Berman (2002, 2013) e Jacques Derrida (2002, 2003, 2004), a fim de sublinhar que à tradução subjaz uma ética ocupada com a corporeidade estranha dos textos.
Equilibria in a dynamic model of two firms coordination with non-fixed prices
Authors: Парфенов Андрей Павлович , Parfyonov Andrey
Published: October 2021

Model of 2 companies' interaction is considered. Companies exchange two kinds of goods with each other. These goods also can be selled on the market. Prices of goods change over time. Interation is modelled by positional game which is similar to Rosental's Centipede game. Conditions for a contract beetween companies are found. For these conditions, companies can't violate a contract because it is unprofitable for them. Such conditions are modelled by Nash equilibriua in a positional game. We found that sufficient conditions for contract: it renews each 2 points of time; each company pays rather big fine if it refused to transfer good to another company.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, TEMPAT TINGGAL DAN INFORMASIPETUGAS LAPANGAN KELUARGA BERENCANA (PLKB) TERHADAP UNMET NEED KB PADA WANITA KAWIN
Authors: Zia Hanum Kholida
Published: October 2021

Family Planning Program has some indicators of success; one of the indicators is unmet needs of family planning services. The success of the unmet need indicator services is the decrease of unmet need to 9.9% in 2019. In 2012, the number of unmet need for family planning amounted to 11.4%. This study aims to identify whether there is a correlation of the education level, residence, and information of family planning field officers with unmet needs for family planning in East Java. This research was conducted with a cross-sectional design with the data from the 2012 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. There is a correlation of the education level (p=0.000), residence (p=0.010), and information of family planning field officer (p = 0.048) with the unmet needs for family planning. The research cocludes that education level, residence, and information from health centre affect the unmet need for family planning.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN GIZI DENGAN POSTER DAN KARTU GIZI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP ANAK TENTANG GIZI SEIMBANG DI SDN PLOSO I-172 SURABAYA
Authors: Indraswari Sonya Hayu
Published: October 2021

The prevalence of childhood obesity in Indonesia increase from year to year. This circumstance is believed to be associated with the high consumption of fatty foods and lack of knowledge of a balanced diet. Conducting the nutrition education of balance diet (nutrition counseling) is one of the ways to improve knowledge and attitude towards nutrition and to reduce nutritional problems. The study aims to analyze the effect of nutrition education by utilizing the poster and nutrition card on elementary students at SDN Ploso I-172 Surabaya. This study was Quasi-experimental research with pre-post test design involving 29 samples of elementary students at SDN Ploso I-172 Surabaya. The samples were chosen through a simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by interview using the questionnaire. The statistical test utilized the Paired Sample T-Test. The nutrition education with posters media increased the students’ knowledge (p=0.005) and attitude (p <0.001) on a balanced diet after the intervention. Similarly, in the case of nutrition education using nutrition card, there was an increase in knowledge (p=0.016) and attitude (0.002). The average students’ knowledge before they got nutrition education with poster media was 9.40, which then increased to 11.00, while the average students’ attitude score also increased from 71.47 to 78.20. The average students’ knowledge before they were given nutrition education with nutrition card media was 8.86 and increased to 11.57, the average students’ attitude value also increased from 72.21 to 79.28. In conclusion, there were the effects of nutrition education intervention using poster and nutrition card in improving the knowledge and attitude on balance diet of elementary students at SDN Ploso I-172 Surabaya
Assessment of Ocular Neuropathic Pain Following Vitreoretinal Surgery using 23-gauge Sclerotomy
Authors: niktinat hanie , Yousefshahi Fardin , Latifi Golshan , Fadakar Kaveh , Kalantaritarari Farid , Fooladi Marjan Imani , Goudarzi Mehrdad , Ebrahimiadib Nazanin
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To investigate the presence of persistent ocular pain after 23-gauge pars plana vitreoretinal surgeryMethod: This is a prospective study including patients who underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy or silicone removal with local or general anesthesia. We evaluated the symptoms of ocular neuropathic pain before and two months after surgery using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) questionnaire, and the impact of reported ocular symptoms on quality of life. Correlation between ocular pain and factors such as patient demographics and underlying conditions were also assessed.Result: Seventy-five patients with a mean age of 58.93 ± 12.05 years were evaluated. Forty-four (58.7%) were males. Sixty-seven (89.3%) patients underwent vitrectomy and eight had silicone removal surgery, all using 23-gauge instruments. there was an increasing trend in eye pain scores at two months after surgery which did not reach a statistical significance. However, the analgesic consumption increased from 4% before surgery to 17.3% two months after surgery. Patients who reported increased analgesic usage two months after surgery, scored worse in items of the quality-of-life questionnaire. In addition, patients who reported ocular and facial pain and photophobia before surgery had higher chances of analgesic consumption after surgery (p-value: 0.03, 0.003, and 0.001, respectively). Those who reported migraine headaches had higher chances of reporting eye symptoms, postoperatively (p-value: 0.041). Conclusion: Surgeries involving 23-gauge incisions may not induce ocular neuropathic pain. However, increased use of analgesics after surgery was observed.
Analytical Analysis of Nonlinear Internal Resonance Bandgap of Pendulum Type Metamaterial
Authors: GUO SHAOJIE , Bai Changqing , Zhang Hongyan , Zhang Yahong
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a pendulum type metamaterial (PTM) is designed with a pendulum bob hinged at the primary mass. The nonlinear dynamic model of PTM unit cell is presented with the aid of the Bloch theorem. The analytical formula of dispersion equation is deduced from the nonlinear model using the harmonic balance method. The obtained bandgap of the innovative metamaterial is in good agreement with the numerical result, thus validating the presented model. The nonlinear frequency band structure of PTM is investigated and compared with that obtained from linearized PTM model. It is found that the local resonant bandgap is tunable, and the nonlinear geometric influence of pendulum on PTM bandwidth is significant. The effects of 1:1, 1:1/2 and 1:1/3 internal resonance on the dispersion characteristics are analyzed with large swinging angle. The upper boundaries of the frequency bandgap under 1:1/2 and 1:1/3 internal resonance rise nonlinearly with the characteristic frequency of the secondary system to higher than those under linear and 1:1 internal resonance conditions. The mass coefficient gradually increases the width of PTM bandgap and PTM can possess a broader bandgap with optimized parameters.
The Prediction of Muscle Strength, Physiological Indexes, Balance, and Walking Ability on Risk of Fall for Prefrail Older People
Authors: Lee Yan-Cheng , Chang Shu-Fang , Kao Ching-Yun
Published: October 2021

Aim: To explore the relationship of older adults’ demographic information, physiological indices, and stages of frailty with their risks of falling. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, a total of 221 older adults were surveyed. Results: Results were observed in terms of the participants’ physical performance, with significant differences being observed in the correlations of left-hand grip strength, (t = 5.05, p<.000), right-hand grip strength (t = 6.03, p<.000), and total grip strength (t = 5.70, p<.000), time up and go test (t = -6.25, p<.000), and 30-sec chair stand test (t = 7.19, p<.000) with the risks of falling. The stages of frailty (X2 = 9.64, p<.002) were confirmed to be significantly associated with risks of falling. According to the logistic regression analysis results, long-term medication (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.02-0.62, p < .01) and right-hand grip strength (OR = 0.86, 95%CI = 0.76-0.97, p < .01) are the main predictors of older adults’ risks of falling. Conclusions: Older females with low education, history of falls, weaker grip strengths; taking longer to finish the TUG test; and standing fewer times during the 30-second chair stand test were at risk of fall. In prediction, older people using long-term medication were at lower risk of falling, and the greater the hand grip strength was, the lower the fall risk was. According to the research results, nursing personnel must develop care programs and improving older adults’ risk of fall.
Estimating the Course of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany via Spline-based Hierarchical Modelling of Death Counts
Authors: Wistuba Tobias , Mayr Andreas , Staerk Christian
Published: October 2021

The effective reproduction number is a key figure in context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which is typically estimated based on daily confirmed cases. Here, we consider a retrospective modelling approach for estimating effective reproduction numbers based on death counts during the first year of the pandemic in Germany. The proposed Bayesian hierarchical model incorporates splines to estimate reproduction numbers flexibly over time while adjusting for varying effective infection fatality rates. The approach also provides estimates of dark figures regarding undetected infections over time. Results for Germany illustrate that estimates based on death counts are often similar to classical estimates based on confirmed cases. However, considering death counts is more robust against shifts in testing policies: in particular, confirmed cases indicate a spike in the effective reproduction number linked to a local super-spreading event in June 2020, whereas our model does not estimate a spike but reduced dark figures of infections. During the second wave of infections, classical estimates suggest a flattening trend of infections following the "lockdown light" in November 2020, while our results indicate that infections continued to rise until the "second lockdown" in December 2020. This observation is associated with more stringent testing criteria introduced concurrently with the "lockdown light", which is reflected in subsequently increasing dark figures of infections estimated by our model. In light of progressive vaccinations, shifting the focus from modelling confirmed cases to reported deaths with the possibility to incorporate effective infection fatality rates might be of increasing relevance for the future surveillance of the pandemic.
Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L2 Gene Sequence Variation Analysis in Indonesian Cervical Cancer Specimens
Authors: Putra Syandrez Prima , Putra Andani Eka , Astuti Indwiani , Asmara Widya
Published: October 2021

Background: Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is the most common etiological cause of cervical cancer in Indonesian women. HPV16 L2 genetic variation analysis is important for vaccine strategies of cervical cancer, yet the data in Indonesia is still limited. In this research, we determined the variation of the HPV16 L2 gene sequences in Indonesian cervical cancer specimens. Method: We cross-sectionally observed a total of 23 DNA isolates of HPV16 positive specimens stored in the laboratory of the Center for Diagnostic and Research on Infectious Diseases (PDRPI Lab) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia. The HPV16 L2 genes were amplified, sequenced, and followed by DNA alignment, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis, and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. Results: As many as 35 SNPs were found, consist of 18 synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) and 17 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs). Amino acid variations were mostly detected at S269P (100%) and L330F (43.48%) with no variation in the immuno-protective region near L2 N-terminus. A total of 5 HPV16 phylogenetic sub-lineages were found closely related to A1 (n=5), A2 (n=12), A3 (n=2), A4 (n=3), and C (n=1). Conclusion: The variation of HPV16 L2 gene sequences was mostly located on the central region of the L2 sequences and the cross-protective region near the L2 N-terminus was particularly conserved. This study should enhance the information about HPV16 L2 gene variation in Indonesia.
Population Based Mean Vitamin-D Levels In 19 European Countries & COVID-19 Mortality
Authors: Ahmad Amar , Heumann Christian , Ali Raghib , Oliver Tim
Published: October 2021

Background: Reports early in the epidemic linking low mean national Vitamin D level with increased COVID-19 death, and until recently little research on the impact of Vitamin-D deficiency on severity of COVID-19, led to this update of the initial report studying mortality up to the end of January 2021. Methods: Coronavirus pandemic data for 19 European countries were downloaded from Our World in Data, which was last updated on January 24, 2021. Data from March 21, 2020 to January 22, 2021 were included in the statistical analysis. Vitamin-D (25)-HD mean data were collected by literature review. Poisson mixed-effect model was used to model the data. Results: European countries with Vitamin-D (25)-HD mean less than or equal to 50 have higher COVID-19 death rates as compared with European countries with Vitamin-D (25)-HD mean greater than 50, relative risk of 2.155 (95% CI: 1.068 - 4.347, p-value = 0.032). A statistically significant negative moderate Spearman rank correlation was observed between Vitamin-D (25)-HD mean and the number of COVID-19 deaths for each 14-day period during the COVID-19 pandemic time period. Conclusions: The observation of the significantly lower COVID-19 mortality rates in countries with lowest annual sun exposure but highest mean Vitamin-D (25)-HD levels provides support for the use of food fortification. The need to consider re-configuring vaccine strategy due to emergence of large number of COVID-19 variants provides an opportunity to undertake such therapeutic randomized control trials.
Left Atrial Phasic Function Remodeling During Its Enlargement: a Two-dimensional Speckle-tracking Echocardiography Study
Authors: Chen Chuyun , Yang Ying , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2021

Background: Left atrial (LA) size is often used as a surrogate marker of LA function in clinical practice, with larger atria thought to represent a “dysfunctioning” atrium, since there is no accepted ‘gold’ standard to evaluate LA function. The exact relationship between LA size and phasic function, and whether LA dysfunction occur before LA enlargement (LAE) may be of clinical interest while have not been fully studied. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D STE) was showed a promising method in measuring LA physic deformation. Materials and methods: A community cohort of 715 subjects at cardiovascular disease high risk accepted comprehensive echocardiography. LA longitudinal phasic strain Sa (absolute peak strain during atrial contraction), Se (peak strain at early diastole) and Stot (total atrial strain =Sa+Se), representing contractile, conduit, and reservoir function respectively, were measured using off-line 2D STE software in apical 4 chamber view, and data were compared among groups at different LA size and between sub-groups in normal LA size with and without hypertension (HT). Results: With LAE (from normal size, mild, moderate to severe LAE), the Stot(21.74±5.97,20.75±4.99,20.49±5.27,17.75±4.71, respectively, ANOVA p=0.003) and Sa (11.84±3.92,11.00±3.29,10.11±2.57,8.55±2.88, respectively, ANOVA p<0.001) reduced while Se had no change. In normal sized LA subgroups, Stot (21.35±5.91 vs 23.01±6.02, p=0.008) and Se (9.51±4.41 vs 11.17±4.89, p<0.001) reduced in subjects with HT comparing with those without. Conclusion: LA phasic function remodeling occurs before LAE and continues with LAE, with reservoir, conduit and contractile function being affected unparalleled.
Pulse Pressure is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Japanese Non-Demented Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mizuhara Ryo , Mitaki Shingo , Takamura Masahiro , Abe Satoshi , Onoda Keiichi , Yamaguchi Shuhei , Nagai Atsushi
Published: October 2021

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that vascular risk factors, especially hypertension, relate not only to cardiovascular disease but also to cognitive impairment. However, the impact of pulse pressure on cognitive function remains controversial. In this study, we evaluated the associations between pulse pressure and cognitive function in a Japanese health examination cohort using propensity matching analysis.MethodsWe examined 2,546 individuals with a mean age of 60.8 ± 10.3 years who voluntarily participated in health examination. Clinical variables including pulse pressure, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognitive function were assessed. We divided the participants into the high and low pulse pressure groups and evaluated their physical examination data, cognitive functions, and silent brain lesions using propensity matching. To clarify whether pulse pressure and blood pressure have different implications for cognitive function, a mediating analysis was also conducted.ResultsHigher pulse pressure corresponded to lower Okabe and Kohs’ scores. The relationship between pulse pressure and cognitive impairment was not significantly mediated by systolic blood pressure. We observed no significant associations between silent brain lesions and pulse pressure.ConclusionHigh pulse pressure associates with cognitive impairment without systolic blood pressure mediation in Japanese subjects without dementia.
Flow Structures Downstream of Square-shaped Cylinder in Channel
Authors: KURTULMUŞ Nazım
Published: October 2021

Experiments were conducted to investigate the flow topology downstream of a square-shaped cylinder situated in a straight channel. The critical parameters such as the Reynolds number (Re = 500) and the blockage ratio of the square-shaped cylinder (25%) were determined in light of the literature. A Particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was used to obtain the instantaneous velocity vector map. The flow structures, including the time-mean vorticity distribution, <ω> instantaneous and time-mean streamline topology, Ψ, distributions of streamwise velocity fluctuations, urms, turbulent kinetic energy, TKE are presented with Figures.
Effect of Metformin and Lifestyle Interventions on Mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study
Authors: Lee Christine G. , Heckman-Stoddard Brandy , Dabelea Dana , Gadde Kishore M. , Ehrmann David , Ford Leslie , Prorok Philip , Boyko Edward J. , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Wallia Amisha , Knowler William C. , Crandall Jill P. , Temprosa Marinella , Group the Diabetes Prevention Program Research
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine
whether metformin or lifestyle modification can lower rates of all-cause and
cause-specific mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes
Prevention Program Outcomes Study.

Research Design and Methods: From
1996-1999, 3234 adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes were randomized
to an intensive lifestyle intervention, masked metformin or placebo. Placebo
and lifestyle interventions stopped in 2001, and a modified lifestyle program was offered
to everyone, but unmasked study metformin continued in those originally
randomized. Causes of deaths through December 31, 2018 were adjudicated
by blinded reviews. All-cause and cause-specific mortality hazard ratios were
estimated from Cox-proportional hazard regression models and Fine-Gray models,
respectively.

Results: Over a median of 21
(IQR 20-21) years, 453 participants died. Cancer was the leading cause of death
(n=170), followed by cardiovascular disease (n=131). Compared to placebo,
metformin did not influence mortality from all causes (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.79,
1.25), cancer (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.72, 1.52) or cardiovascular disease (HR 1.08,
95% CI 0.70, 1.66). Similarly, lifestyle modification did not impact all-cause
(HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.81, 1.28), cancer (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.74, 1.55) or
cardiovascular disease (HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.77, 1.81) mortality. Analyses
adjusted for diabetes status and duration, body mass index, cumulative glycemic
exposure, and cardiovascular risks yielded similar results for all-cause
mortality.

Conclusions: Cancer was the
leading cause of mortality among adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes.
Although metformin and lifestyle modification prevented diabetes, neither
strategy reduced all-cause, cancer, or cardiovascular mortality rates.
Prověřování přímých zahraničních investic směřujících do Evropské unie
Authors: Fischerová Eliška
Published: October 2021

The new legal regulation included in the regulation (EU) 2019/452 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2019 establishes a framework for the screening of foreign direct investments from the third countries into the Union on the ground of security or public order. The paper focuses on the screening mechanisms designed for the screening of the foreign direct investments and their possible form according to the draft of the Foreign Invest ment Screening Act.
Definice terorismu
Authors: Ho Ba Huy
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on the definition of terorism, which cross multiple disciplines. Till today, international organizations, such as the United Nations or the European Union have not agreed on its definition. The article discuss es difficulties in this activity, evolution of terrorism itself, methods of commiting it, multiple attemps of definition and suggests possible problems that may arise due to the lack of definition. It also examins on the regulation in the Criminal Code of Czech Republic
Local executive authorities as the subjects of the public administration
Authors: Yakovchuk Ya.V.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the public administration of the local executive authorities in the context of European in-tegration and decentralization of power. The implementation of public administration by local state administrations involves satisfying the basic needs of society, the balance between the rights and interests of those to whom the actions of public administration are directed, and the interests of society as a whole.It is noted that public administration of the local executive authorities is carried out through executive and ad-ministrative activities and the provision of administrative services. Through public administration, local public ad-ministrations ensure an open process of policy-making and implementation, involving individuals and civil society, which contributes to greater openness, accountability and responsibilityIt is concluded that public administration by local state executive authorities is an external form of exercising power in the relevant administrative-territorial unit, which ensures compliance with Ukrainian legislation, law and order, observance of citizens’ rights and freedoms, implementation of state and regional programs of socio-econom-ic and cultural development, environmental protection programs, the implementation of other powers granted by the state, as well as those delegated by the respective councils. Attention is drawn to the fact that, in connection with the decentralization of power, to improve the system of ter-ritorial organization of power and improve the management of public development, from the beginning of January 2022, public administration by the local executive authorities will be limited exclusively to executive management. In addition, in the context of European integration the transposition of European standards to the activity, the im-plementation of State policy and national programs of economic, scientific and technical, social, ethnic and cultural development and environmental protection by the relevant administrative and territorial unit are a priority for the effective operation of local executive authorities
Principles of decriminalization of criminal law prohibitions
Authors: Pustova N.O.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the principles of decriminalization of measures of criminal law influence based on a comprehensive system analysis. It is noted that the main direction of criminal law policy is the decriminalization of acts that determine the object of such policy influence. The principle of sufficient social danger implies that the act causes significant harm to the public interest. The principle of the possibility of a positive impact of non-criminal law prohibitions on human behavior involves settling the issue of effective counteraction to the act. The principle of the relative prevalence of acts to be decriminalized emphasizes the need to take into account their individual nature when establishing legal liability for acts. The principle of the predominance of positive consequences in decrim-inalization is especially relevant for economic activity. The principle of timeliness of decriminalization means its implementation at the time of its occurrence, when the act does not pose a social danger, which implies the harmfulness of belated decriminalization.The essence of decriminalization is expressed in the legislation through the principles of law – thus ensuring the formation of the legal law, which means an officially recognized, binding legal act, which is based on the principles of law as rules applicable to the regulation of specific social relations. Decriminalization should be carried out in accordance with systemic principles. If necessary, this is supplemented by the construction of optimal models. This approach to the problem is due to the need to create an appropriate law-making mechanism that would avoid mistakes in reforming criminal law. The principles of decriminalization form a complex system, where one principle is based on the content of another. The fundamental principle of decriminalization is the principle of the rule of human rights and freedoms, which is concretized in general principles as the presumption of innocence, justice.
Should Your Brand Pick a Side? How Market Share Determines the Impact of Divisive Corporate Political Stances
Authors: Hydock Chris , Paharia Neeru , Blair Sean
Published: October 2021

When the public opinion on a social matter is divided, it is riskier for large brands to engage in activism than for small brands. As long as a brand’s initial market share is sufficiently small, engaging in activism can result in a net increase in customers even if the brand takes a stance that consumers overwhelmingly oppose. In contrast, large brands can lose more than they gain, even when opponents and supporters are in balance. Product quality or competitive prices are no insurance against taking the wrong stances. Consumers are willing to trade off price and quality for political values. Therefore, brands cannot dismiss the consequences of politics, even if they hold a traditional competitive advantage in price or quality.
Doubting the Quran, the Hadith, and Muhammad’s Splitting of the Moon: A Probabilistic Refutation of One of Islam’s Most Striking Miraculous Claims
Authors: Lataster Raphael
Published: October 2021

Having spent many years engaging with Christian claims about miracles, especially the purported resurrection of Jesus, I now shift attention to Islamic miracle claims, the most striking of which seems to me to be Muhammad’s alleged splitting of the moon. I explain, in a Bayesian fashion, why this almost certainly did not happen.
God Emperor Trump: Defending Western Civilization Against Neo-Marxism and Militant Islam
Authors: Price Robert M.
Published: October 2021

As we await the Second Coming of President Donald Trump, it is important to understand that his conservative Evangelical supporters view him not as a new Christ but as a new Constantine, a guardian of Western Civilization in a crucial period when we face threatened conquest by foreign enemies and infiltrators, Postmodern Neo-Marxism, and Militant Islam Thus he should be seen also as a new Charles Martel. He need not be a Bible-reading pietist to fulfill these roles, so Christians need not be ashamed of him if he isn’t.
Agrotourism Development in Sukalarang Village, Sukabumi Regency
Authors: Putri Agustina Eka , Dienaputra Reiza D , Novianti Evi , Khadijah Ute Lies
Published: October 2021

The diversity of attractiveness of agricultural cultivation supported by a strategic location, unspoiled environment, mostly agricultural land, and community friendliness can be the main attraction for tourists and Sukalarang Village, Sukabumi Regency has it all. This study aims to identify the attractiveness of Sukalarang Village through agrotourism and analyze its development strategy. The qualitative method is this research approach with online primary and secondary data sources through previous research, online media, and government regulatory documents. Data collection techniques using online questionnaires and interviews. The research analysis used was qualitative and descriptive. This finding is expected to be able to answer the potential attraction of Sukalarang Village agro-tourism because the people in Sukalarang Village still make agricultural and plantation activities their daily activities and formulate development strategies as an agro-tourism village with the initiation of plantation owners and the village government. Sukalarang Village.
Soft dosage forms as interfaces
Authors: Ivanov L. V. , Bezugla O. Р. , Shcherbak O. V. , Derymedvid L. V. , Kravchenko V. G.
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyze data on combined drugs in soft dosage forms as potential drug interfaces.
Materials and methods. The bibliosemantic research method was used in the work.
Results and discussion. By analogy with foreign interfaces of carbon nanotubes with neurons it has been proposed to consider a number of soft dosage forms as interfaces between inanimate organic structures of dosage forms and living cells of the skin tissue or the mucous membrane. A number of soft dosage forms, which can be considered as interfaces between the inanimate organics of dosage forms and living cells of the skin tissue and mucosa, has been studied and analyzed. Interfaces are polymer matrices made of polyethylene glycols, high molecular weight polysaccharides, carbomers, etc. A carbomer can be considered as the basis of plastic, conformationally mobile interfaces between the general dosage form and living cells of the skin and mucosa. It has been shown that the mechanism of increasing biocompatibility with the help of polyethylene glycols is the ability of PEG molecules due to compaction (spiralization) or expansion of the molecules to accept the optimal conformation, giving their hydrophobic or polar groups for the optimal binding, on the one hand, with medicinal substances (drugs), and, on the other hand, with bioobjects. It has been shown that the affinity for PEG-400 phosphatidylcholine liposomes is 6 times greater than that of propylene glycol, and the affinity for PEG-1500 liposomes is 24 times higher than that of propylene glycol. Upon contact with the skin or the mucosa the interface structure may be destroyed as the components of the dosage form have different affinities for membranes of cells of biological surfaces – surface active substances that quickly bind to the lipid bilayer of the membranes of the skin or mucous membranes are the first ones that leave the dosage forms. Then, other auxiliary substances of the interface bind to the cell membranes at different speeds and in different ways.
Conclusions. Therefore, a dosage form as an interface is a dynamic matrix that can rebuild and, as it contacts the membranes of skin cells or mucous membranes, promote absorption of the drug substance according to a specific program.
Entre reticências e exclamações
Authors: Kleppa Lou-Ann
Published: October 2021

Este estudo examina o uso dos sinais de pontuação em peças publicitárias publicadas na Revista Manchete no ano de 1952. Consideramos como sinais de pontuação apenas estes onze: alínea, ponto, vírgula, ponto e vírgula, dois pontos, travessão, parênteses, aspas, exclamação, interrogação e reticências – por serem graficamente autônomos. O acervo de periódicos da Fundação Biblioteca Nacional (online e gratuito) foi a empiria escolhida para examinar 30 peças publicitárias diferentes entre si publicadas ao longo das 36 edições do ano de 1952. Nosso objetivo é descrever os usos dos sinais de pontuação identificados nessas 30 propagandas publicadas 70 anos atrás, aplicando o ferramental teórico (não normativo) disponível sobre sinais de pontuação e refletir sobre as práticas linguísticas de escrita e de fala, orais e letradas que influenciam esses usos – diferentes dos usos atuais. Percebemos estreita relação entre a indústria cultural do rádio, predominante na época, e a representação da oralidade na escrita através de sinais de pontuação que marcam a modalidade enunciativa (principalmente reticências e exclamação).
La historia (des)bordada: imágenes de las refugiadas laosianas en América Latina
Authors: Landazábal Mora Marcela
Published: October 2021

Este artículo analiza las estrategias de sostenimiento de la vida, más allá de la supervivencia, de las refugiadas laosianas a cuatro décadas de su arribo a América Latina, las cuales pueden rastrearse en algunas prácticas culturales y producciones estéticas. La autora, por medio de una etno-geo-grafía –búsqueda centrada en determinadas prácticas de la imagen y los relatos en relación con sus entornos y trayectos– rastrea las capacidades políticas y reconstructivas de las estéticas de resistencia ante escenarios de profunda violencia. El artículo concluye con unas reflexiones acerca de cómo la estética de las refugiadas laosianas constituye un proceso de acoplamiento y encantamiento con la realidad; una poética-política de relación con el caos del mundo contemporáneo..
Динамизм духовного фамилиекона и модели внесеминарского выбора фамилий церковниками
Authors: Азовцев (Andrei Vasil’evich Azovtse Андрей Васильевич
Published: October 2021

В статье исследуются динамические процессы в фамилиеконе русского духовенства, напрямую не связанные со временем обучения конкретных церковников в заведениях духовного образования. Описываются на фактических примерах и систематизируются основные модели перемены фамилий представителями рассматриваемого сословия во внесеминарский период их жизни. Делается общий вывод о том, что характеризующееся динамизмом становление духовного фамилиекона позволяет описывать его как часть общих процессов, протекавших в фамильных системах всех прочих социальных страт российского общества.
Review on Ethical Issues in Ethnographic Study: Some Reflections
Authors: Ghimire Nani Babu
Published: October 2021

Consideration of ethical issues in an ethnographic study is a significant matter to draw trustworthy findings and conclusions for the qualitative researchers. They need to be sensitive and honest on following the principles of ethical consideration while they are engaging in ethnographic research either in data collection or writing research papers. In this paper, I have employed literature review and self-reflective methodology to draw attention of the ethnographers to consider the ethical issues in doing ethnography. The findings and discussion have revealed that the ethnographic researchers should review the ethical aspects of their study from the Institutional Review Board; they must work in a natural setting to discover realistic experiences and/or struggles of the participants by respecting their cultural sensitivity and gaining permission and access to them as voluntary participants in the study. Moreover, the ethnographers need to take informed consent from their participants by securing confidentiality, maintaining anonymity, developing reciprocity, and preserving honesty for them in the research. Likewise, it is found that the ethnographic researcher must be conscious not to harm their participants during research work, and they should not fabricate their data, falsify the interpretation and plagiarize the already published materials in their research paper.
Covid-19 the Trigger for SDG Solutions in Mental Health
Authors: Illingworth Paul
Published: October 2021

Introduction. This paper explores COVID-19 impact on Global attempts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3, specifically Target 3.4.
Purpose. Suggest a new WHO Mental Health Action Plan needs to be refocused to help achieve universal mental health.
Approach. The author discusses the context of COVID-19s impact on Governments inability to progress the UN Sustainable Development Goals, specifically Target 3.4, reviewing this against the WHO Mental Health Action Plan (MHAP) 2013-2020 (WHO 2013). Utilizing relevant publications, progress/lack of progress are discussed, suggestions made as to how, by refocusing the MHAP to one more culturally sensitive and localized, to progress towards universal mental health.
Discussion. Contextualizing the lack of specific Sustainable Development Goals mental health target. The continual use by the WHO of promoting western medical approaches to achieve universal global mental health is explored, while using COVID-19 pandemic as a means of triggering change in how localized, culturally specific non-medical approaches could be championed.
Limitation/Strengths. The paper does not involve an extensive literature search. However, subject matter is timely and relevant. It challenges traditional approaches of how Global Mental Health has been addressed by organizations led by the UN/WHO. It identifies positive ways of progressing global mental health, by utilizing localized and culturally sensitive approaches.
Practical/Social value. The suggestions made are cost effective, given the financial challenges COVID-19 has brought, that is a practical and social value in its own right. Additionally, the practical local and culturally sensitive solutions can be used globally. They could be undertaken on their own or in conjunction with traditional western/medical models. The potential social value could be considerable, should it be the focus of the latest WHO Mental Health Action Plan.
Conclusion. Any new WHO Mental Health Action Plan must ensure non-traditional interventions are central and increasingly used to achieve universal mental health for all
CONFLITO SOCIAL E LUTA POR RECONHECIMENTO:
Authors: Silva de Jesus Likem Edson
Published: October 2021

O pressuposto da teoria social crítico-normativa elaborada por Axel Honneth é de que a ausência de reconhecimento social nas relações intersubjetivas é a principal causa dos conflitos articuladores de mudanças na sociedade, sendo estes intrínsecos tanto à formação da intersubjetividade, quanto dos/as próprios/as sujeitos/as. Tais experiências podem dar origem a lutas por reconhecimento que têm por finalidade restaurar a integridade moral dos indivíduos. Partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica, notadamente a partir da obra Luta por reconhecimento: a gramática moral dos conflitos morais (2003) e de autores que a antecedem e com ela dialogam, o objetivo do presente artigo é discutir os principais aportes teóricos em que Honneth se ancora para elaborar sua tese da gramática moral dos conflitos sociais, bem como apresentar os padrões de reconhecimento que constituem a concepção formal de eticidade honnethiana – o amor, a esfera jurídica e a estima social – que, quando satisfeitos, promovem a autoconfiança, a autorrespeito e a autoestima, respectivamente. Também é abordado, de modo breve, como o Estado pode interferir nessas dimensões e a luta por reconhecimento na esfera pública, notadamente quanto a adjudicação de direitos e a atribuição de um valor social aos indivíduos a partir do assentimento solidário.
ІГРОВА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК НЕВІД’ЄМНИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ НАВЧАННЯ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ
Authors: Заячківська Надія , Кашуба Наталія
Published: October 2021

У статті описана проблема важливості ігрової діяльності як компонента навчання молодших школярів. Розкрито значення використання ігор на уроках у початковій школі, структуру гри як діяльності та як процесу; особливості застосування дидактичних ігор і підготовку до їх реалізації. Описано також роль ігрових технологій у процесі розвитку толерантності в учнів початкової школи. Нами було опрацьовано науково-методичну базу і виокремлено особливості, які відрізняють гру від інших видів діяльності. Порушено доволі актуальне на сьогодні питання застосування комп'ютерних ігор як засобу навчання і виховання. Зважаючи на стрімкий розвиток сучасних технологій та інформатизацію суспільства, використання такого виду ігор є актуальним і затребуваним. Окрім цього, у статті розкрито, яким чином вчитель може створити комп’ютерну гру самостійно за допомогою спеціальних сервісів. Скориставшись ними, педагог матиме змогу розробити гру конкретно під тему уроку.
Reacción leucemoide asociada con el síndrome de Weil, reporte de caso.
Authors: Cogollo Gonzalez Marysabel , Lujan Agámez Marco
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La leptospirosis, es una zoonosis de distribución mundial, principalmente en regiones tropicales. El síndrome de Weil, es la forma severa de la leptospirosis, representa el 5-10% de todos los casos, dentro de las alteraciones hematológicas que lo acompañan, se puede evidenciar una reacción leucemoide, la cual es un hallazgo infrecuente en esta entidad. Caso clínico: Se describe el caso de un paciente con síntomas sugestivos de síndrome de Weil, quien, en el curso de la hospitalización, desarrolla una reacción leucemoide. Se realizó serología seriada por ELISA para Leptospira la cual fue positiva. Después de la instauración del tratamiento antibiótico, se normaliza el recuento de leucocitos, con egreso hospitalario satisfactorio. Conclusión: Se debe considerar la presencia de reacción leucemoide en el curso de una leptospirosis severa, para evitar la realización de procedimientos hematológicos innecesarios.
Динаміка питомої активності 137Cs у надземній фітомасі багна болотного (Ledum palustre L.) у лісах Полісся України після аварії на Чорнобильській АЕС
Authors: Krasnov V. P. , Orlov O. O. , Zhukovskyi O. V.
Published: October 2021

Досліджено динаміку рівнів радіоактивного забруднення 137Cs (1991–2018 рр.) надземної фітомаси багна болотного (Ledum palustre L.) – поширеної лікарської рослини, яка росте в перезволожених соснових (рідше мішаних) лісах та на відкритих оліготрофних і мезотрофних болотах Українського Полісся. Виявлено зниження цього показника за період досліджень у 3,1–6,5 разу. На всіх постійних пробних площах зменшилася щільність радіоактивного забруднення ґрунту у 2,1–2,7 разу, що пояснюється природним розпадом радіонукліда та перерозподілом між компонентами лісових екосистем. За період досліджень відзначено також зниження інтенсивності надходження 137Сs до фітомаси багна болотного – коефіцієнт переходу знизився у 1,2–3,0 разу. Результати досліджень дали змогу визначити залежності зміни питомої активності 137Сs в олистяних пагонах багна болотного та коефіцієнтів переходу в часі, які можна використовувати для прогнозування їхнього радіоактивного забруднення в наступні роки.
Особливості лісового фонду рекреаційно-оздоровчих лісів Лівобережної України
Authors: Musienko S. I. , Rumyantsev M. G. , Tarnopilska O. M. , Bondarenko V. V. , Lukyanets V. A. , Kobets O. V.
Published: October 2021

На основі аналізу повидільної таксаційної бази даних ВО «Укрдержліспроект» визначено площу й запас рекреаційно-оздоровчих лісів у межах Лівобережної України. Виявлено, що найбільша частка площі цих лісів зосереджена в межах Лівобережного Степу (38,1 %), дещо менша (34,2 %) ? у Лівобережному Лісостепу, найменша (15,5 %) – у Лівобережному Поліссі. Видовий склад рекреаційно-оздоровчих лісів є різноманітним і суттєво різниться за кількістю лісоутворювальних порід залежно від природної зони. Виявлено, що в Лівобережному Поліссі найбільшою є частка площі лісів досліджуваної категорії в умовах свіжого субору, в Лівобережному Лісостепу – свіжого груду, а в Лівобережному Степу – сухого груду. Вікова структура насаджень у рекреаційно-оздоровчих лісах регіону досліджень є розбалансованою із суттєвим переважанням середньовікових насаджень (близько 60 % від загальної площі). Переважна більшість рекреаційно-оздоровчих лісів є середньоповнотними (із відносною повнотою 0,7–0,8) та ростуть за І–ІІ класами бонітету.
Risk Scores Based on Six Survival-Related RNAs in a Competing Endogenous Network Composed of Differentially Expressed RNAs Between Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Carrying Wild-Type or Mutant Von Hippel–Lindau Serve Well to Predict Malignancy and Prognosis
Authors: Zhu Rui , Li Xiezhao , Cai Zhiduan , Liang Siyang , Yuan Yaoji , Xu Yuyu , Lai Dehui , Zhao Haibo , Yang Weiqing , Bian Jun , Liu Leyuan , Xu Guibin
Published: October 2021

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) carrying wild-type Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor are more invasive and of high morbidity. Concurrently, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network has been suggested to play an important role in ccRCC malignancy. In order to understand why the patients carrying wild-type VHL gene have high degrees of invasion and morbidity, we applied bioinformatics approaches to identify 861 differentially expressed RNAs (DE-RNAs) between patients carrying wild-type and patients carrying mutant VHL from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, established a ceRNA network including 122 RNAs, and elected six survival-related DE-RNAs including Linc00942, Linc00858, RP13_392I16.1, hsa-miR-182-5p, hsa-miR-183-5p, and PAX3. Examining clinical samples from our hospital revealed that patients carrying wild-type VHL had significantly higher levels of all six RNAs than those carrying mutant VHL. Patients carrying wild-type VHL had significantly higher risk scores, which were calculated based on expression levels of all six RNAs, than those carrying mutant VHL. Patients with higher risk scores had significantly shorter survival times than those with lower risk scores. Therefore, the risk scores serve well to predict malignancy and prognosis.