bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF BAUSTAB STABILIZING ADDITIVE ON CHANGES IN SOIL WATER RETENTION CAPACITY
Authors: Trautvain A. , Manokhin A.
Published: June 2020

Clay soils are the most common in the Russian Federation; they have high connectivity and strength in the dry state and low strength in the water-saturated condition. To successfully use such soils in road construction, it is necessary to change their natural properties. For these purposes, a fairly large group of additives is used – organic and inorganic-based soil stabilizers, as well as various polymer modifiers. The paper investigates the influence of the Baustab stabilizing additive ((manufactured by NPP ZIPo LLC) on the change in humidity, water-holding capacity of waterlogged soil, as well as the change in the maximum density and optimal humidity of modified soil on the example of light sandy loam. It has been found that the use of additive has little effect on changes in soil moisture over time. Despite this, the soil with Baustab additive acquires a dense texture, becomes more viscous, partially aggregates and water separation is not observed. A study of the water retention capacity from the percentage of stabilizing additives Baustab shows an increase in this indicator compared to the soil without additives in the range from 3 to 7%. In addition, the use of additives in the composition of the soil contributed to the production of a system with high compaction and mobility even at low humidity of the modified soil. The influence of the water component on the compaction of the modified soil is also insignificant. Such soil is likely to be subject to minimal subsidence and loss of strength characteristics in the autumn-spring period.
BRICS ÜLKELERİNDE PARA ARZI, FİNANSAL VE TİCARİ AÇIKLIĞIN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZYILDIZ Tuğba , DİNERİ Eda
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada BRICS ülkelerinde para arzı, finansal açıklık ve ticari açıklık ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki 1995-2018 dönemi için incelenmektir. Çalışmada ülkelerin diğer ülkelerle ne kadar entegre olduğunu gösteren finansal ve ticari açıklığın ve para arzının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi Panel VAR modeli ve Panel VEC Granger Nedensellik testi ile incelenmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin yönü Panel VEC Granger Nedensellik testi ile incelenmiştir. Nedensellik testi sonuçlarında kısa dönemde ekonomik büyümeden finansal ve ticari açıklığa doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin varlığı ortaya konulmuştur. Bununla birlikte para arzından ekonomik büyümeye ve ticari açıklığa doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uzun dönemde de ekonomik büyümeden finansal açıklığa doğru nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
EKSPLORASI AUDIT SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PADA ORGANISASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: NASUTION DITO ADITIA DARMA
Published: June 2020

Sumber daya manusia dianggap sebagai aset yang paling berharga bagi setiap organisasi. Namun tidak ada ketentuan legislatif maupun standar pelaporan keuangan yang menyediakan metode kuantifikasi investasi dan hasil apa pun dari sumber daya manusia. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman persepsi audit sumber daya manusia pada organisasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berhasil menyoroti kesadaran yang buruk dan ketersediaan audit sumber daya manusia di Indonesia. Hipotesis dan tabulasi lebih lanjut dari data memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang variasi berdasarkan jenis kelamin, sektor dan sifat organisasi serta ruang lingkup untuk penelitian di masa depan dan keterbatasan juga dijlaskan pada penelitian ini.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Üstbiliş Farkındalıkları
Authors: ALKAN Sevilay , AÇIKYILDIZ Gökay
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının üstbiliş farkındalıklarının; cinsiyet, öğrenim görülen program, akademik başarı ve sınıf düzeyi değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören toplam 953 (682 kadın, 271 erkek) öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmen adaylarının üstbiliş farkındalıklarını belirlemek amacıyla veri toplama aracı olarak Üstbiliş Farkındalık Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Dağılımları belirlemede aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve değişkenlere göre oluşan farkın belirlenmesinde ise t-testi ve varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular öğretmen adaylarının üstbiliş farkındalıklarının cinsiyet açısından tüm alt boyutlarda ve sınıf düzeyi açısından ise bazı alt boyutlarda istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde farklılık göstermediğini ortaya koymuştur. Öğrenim görülen program ve akademik başarı değişkenleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca öğrenim görülen program değişkeninin prosedürel bilgi ve izleme alt boyutlarında fen bilgisi öğretmenliği ile tüm programlar arasında fen bilgisi öğretmenliği aleyhine bir farklılık ortaya çıkmıştır.
Okuma Güçlüğüne İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: KODAN Hülya
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuma güçlüğü hakkındaki bilgilerini ve okuma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerine ilişkin deneyimlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nicel ve nitel yöntemlerin birlikte kullanıldığı karma bir yöntem olarak tasarlanmıştır. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuma güçlüğü konusundaki bilgi düzeyini belirlemek için “Okuma Güçlüğüne İlişkin Bilgi Ölçeği -Öğretmenlere Yönelik-“ kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel bölümünde ise sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuma güçlüğünün tespiti, değerlendirilmesi ve müdahalesindeki uygulamaları hakkındaki görüşlerini ortaya koymak için nitel anket kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu Bayburt il Merkez ilçesinde görev yapmakta olan 50 sınıf öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin analizinde doküman analizi ile birlikte nitel ve nicel betimsel analiz birlikte kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuma güçlüğüne ilişkin eksik ve hatalı bilgileri olmasına rağmen genel olarak bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sınıf öğretmenlerinin okuma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerle genelde ders dışı zamanlarda bireysel çalıştıkları, okuma güçlüğünün nedenlerini aile ilgisizliği ve eğitimsizliği olarak gördükleri, bireysel değerlendirme yaptıkları, ancak öğrencilerin gelişim sürecine ilişkin değerlendirme yapmadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Açık-Düşündürücü Öğretim Deneyimi Sonrası Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Bilimi Anlama Düzeyleri: Hermenötik Bakış
Authors: ÖZCAN Hasan , SARITAŞ Davut , TAŞAR Mehmet
Published: June 2020

öğretmen adaylarının bilim tarihinden uyarlanmış biyografik ve belgesel bir film üzerinden “sosyal ve kültürel bir bağlamda bilim” tasvirini nasıl yorumladıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Fenomenoloji deseniyle yürütülen çalışmada nitel toplanan veriler literatürde uzlaşı görüşü olarak ifade edilen yaklaşımın bilim doğası unsurları ve Diltley’in hermenötik yaklaşımında tanımlanan anlama düzeyleri dikkate alınarak betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Bu şekilde öğretmen adaylarının bilimin doğasının uzlaşımsal unsurlarına yönelik hermenötik anlama/anlamlandırma düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, daha önce almış oldukları açık-düşündürücü öğretimin muhtemel etkisi ile öğretmen adaylarını uzlaşılmış bilimin doğası unsurlarının çizdiği çerçeve içinde kalan ve belli bir özgünlüğe sahip yorumlar ile hermenötik açıdan temel düzeyde bir anlama ile bilimi değerlendirdikleri görülmüştür.  Bu bulgu bir insan etkinliği ve sosyal bir görüngü olan bilimi anlamada hermenötik yaklaşımın öğretim sürecine entegrasyonun önemine dikkat çekmektedir.
Comparative analysis of a selected version of the Symfony framework
Authors: Jusięga Michał , Dzieńkowski Mariusz
Published: June 2020

This article is about research during which selected versions of the Symfony programming framework were compared in terms of their performance. The following versions of the framework were analysed: 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 LTS, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 LTS. For the purpose of the research, a simple test application in PHP was developed in ten variants corresponding to selected versions of the framework and consisting of 17 fragments of code – methods in the class, each of which operates on one basic component of Symfony. The application prepared in this manner was subject to performance tests in a two-stage experiment. After the experiment, the quantitative analyses were conducted in which the following aspects were taken into consideration: the average values of execution times and the average amounts of memory usage for specific code fragments for individual versions of the Symfony framework components and the average time of execution and demand for memory for the entire tested application. The obtained results for each code fragment representing a given component were visualized in the forms of graphs. The performed analyses showed that the best version of the Symfony programming framework in terms of performance is version 4.1.
Verification of the precision of GSM and GPS signals available on mobile devices
Authors: Wlaź Mateusz , Kozieł Grzegorz
Published: June 2020

The research work presents the study of the quality of telecommunications and satellite signals. For this purpose, a proprietary application for mobile devices has been designed, which allowed the collection data. The tests were performed on several models of cell phones and for different operators. The test checked the impact of such things as weather conditions, device architecture, device age, type of terrain. Based on the results, heat maps were created to visualize the research.
Особенности написания медицинских статей
Authors: Косычева Марина Александровна , Хорохорина Галина Анатольевна
Published: June 2020

Рассматриваются основные особенности оформления научных медицинских статей, требования к их структурированию и содержанию. Анализируются вопросы этики представления результатов исследований в области медицины.
Функциональная значимость семян льна и практика их использования в пищевых технологиях
Authors: Миневич Ирина Эдуардовна
Published: June 2020

Благодаря своим уникальным свойствам семена льна вызывают пристальный интерес как источник биологически активных веществ, необходимых для функционального питания и поддержания активного здоровья человека. Они богаты эссенциальными полиненасыщенными жирными кислотами, пищевыми волокнами, полноценным белком, полипептидами и лигнанами, относящимся к классу фитоэстрогенов, которые поддерживают важнейшие физиологические функции организма человека. Данные о практическом использовании семян льна в пищевых технологиях, направленных на создание продуктов здорового питания, в отечественной научной литературе разрознены. Цель настоящего обзора – обобщение опубликованной в отечественной и зарубежной литературе информации по анализу функциональной значимости семян льна и их практическому использованию в продуктах питания, доказывающих перспективность и необходимость широкого внедрения данной культуры в пищевые технологии. на основе анализа функциональной значимости семян льна и продуктов их переработки обосновать практическую целесообразность их широкого использования в пищевых технологиях. В работе приведены краткие сведения об истории культуры льна и динамике производства семян льна в России. На основании анализа научных источников показана роль биологически активных веществ и функциональных ингредиентов семян льна в снижении риска и профилактике ряда заболеваний (онкологических, сердечно-сосудистых и пр.). Приведена информация о результатах исследований (в том числе собственных) по введению семян льна в широкий ряд разнообразных продуктов. Семена льна используют, в основном, в целом, измельченном виде, или в виде муки. Помимо муки и масла перспективными функциональными пищевыми ингредиентами являются белковые и полисахаридные продукты переработки семян льна. Показано, что семена льна и продукты их переработки используются для повышения пищевой ценности хлебобулочных, мучных кондитерских, молочных, мясных, экструдированных и прочих продуктов. Приведены данные об оптимальном содержании семян льна и их ингредиентов в пищевых продуктах, при котором улучшались их органолептические и повышались физико-химические свойства. Множество научных исследований семян льна являются обоснованным подтверждением необходимости широкого внедрения этой многофункциональной культуры в пищевые технологии 21 века.
Получение готового завтрака в виде хлопьев из зерна тритикале
Authors: Гунькин Владимир Александрович , Суслянок Георгий Михайлович , Вани Джаваид Ахмад
Published: June 2020

Показана актуальность производства зерновых продуктов высокой степени готовности и расширения сырьевой базы путем использования зерна тритикале. Обоснованы рациональные режимы ИК-обработки зерна тритикале при получении из него нового продукта в виде хлопьев с высокими пищевыми и потребительскими достоинствами. Изучено влияние ИК-обработки на физические и биохимические свойства зерна тритикале. Показано, что основными параметрами, определяющими режимы ИК-обработки зерна тритикале, являются влажность зерна, плотность (интенсивность) падающего потока лучистой энергии и время облучения. Изучено влияние различных режимов ИК-обработки на белки и углеводы зерна тритикале. Показано влияние интенсивности ИК-обработки зерна тритикале на степень декстринизации крахмала и на плотность зерновок. Исследовано влияние ИК-обработки на изменение суммы водорастворимых веществ зерна тритикале вследствие разрушения крахмала до декстринов и снижения растворимости белков в результате их денатурации. Установлено влияние ИК-обработки на атакуемость крахмала амилазами. Исследовано влияние режимов ИК-обработки на степень денатурации и фракционный состав белков зерна тритикале. Изучено влияние плющения зерна на углеводный комплекс и интенсификации ИК-обработки на потребительские достоинства хлопьев. Исследовано влияние ИК-обработки на кислотность водной и спиртовой вытяжек, содержание клетчатки. Показаны оптимальные режимы ИК-обработки для клейстеризации крахмала и образования декстринов. Изучены физико-химических изменения в зерне тритикале при его плющении в хлопья после ИК-обработки. Обосновано получение нового пищевого продукта быстрого приготовления в виде хлопьев, обладающих высокой пищевой ценностью и высоким содержанием пищевых волокон, который может быть использован в качестве сухого завтрака.
An application and Parallel Tabu Search Algorithm for Solving the PTSP Under the OpenMP-MPI Environment
Authors: Amar Mohamed Abdellahi , Khaznaji Walid
Published: June 2020

This paper reviews some real-world problems modeling

as Probabilistic Traveling Salesman Problem (PTSP), by

presenting the important results found in the literature. It

illustrates the usefulness of the inclusion of probabilistic elements in deterministic models. We propose a new modeling of the PTSP by the deviations of the routing of a robot in order to avoid obstacles which are not foreseen in its path. The Probabilistic Traveling Salesman Problem(PTSP) is a variation of the classic Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) where each node i is present

with probability pi. The solution for the PTSP consists in finding an a priori tour that visits all the cities that minimizes the expected length of the tour. From the litterateur the PTSP is NP-Complete, therefore the execution time is a prime factor in its resolution. In the last of his paper we present a new parallel Tabu search heuristic for solving PTSP by using the Open MPI environment.
A Study of Software Testing: Categories, Levels, Techniques, and Types
Authors: Umar Mubarak Albarka
Published: June 2020

Software Testing is the process of evaluating a software program to ensure that it performs its intended purpose. Software testing verifies the safety, reliability, and correct working of software. The growing need for quality software makes software testing a crucial stage in Software Development Lifecycle. There are many methods of testing software, however, the choice of method to test a given software remains a major problem in software testing. Although, it is often impossible to find all errors in software, employing the right combination of methods will make software testing efficient and successful. Knowing these software testing methods is the key to making the right selection. This paper presents a comprehensive study of software testing methods. An explanation of Testing Categories was presented first, followed by Testing Levels (and their comparison), then Testing Techniques (and their comparison). For each Testing Levels and Testing Techniques, examples of some testing types and their pros and cons were given with a brief explanation of some of the important testing types. Furthermore, a clear and distinguishable explanation of two confused and contradictory terms (Verification and Validation) and how they relate to Software Quality was provided.
Preliminary Clinical and Epidemiological Analysis of the First 1,000 Pediatric COVID-19 Cases in Moscow Region
Authors: Meskina Elena R.
Published: June 2020

Rationale. The novel coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide, though the epidemiological situation varies across countries. It is of interest to estimate the pediatric incidence in a separate constituent entity of the Russian Federation, Moscow Region (MR) closely connected with Moscow (accounting for the highest number of COVID-19 cases in Russia). Assessment of the epidemiological data is interesting due to the late onset of the epidemic outbreak, the preventive lockdown imposed during the early stages, and extensive testing of all the identified contacts.Purpose of the study: Assessment of the pediatric incidence of COVID-19, including identification of its main clinical and epidemiological characteristics, based on the monitoring data for the current situation in MR.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of all pediatric cases of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in MR (1,047 children of all ages) was performed. The time span covered the data of the daily monitoring of the epidemiological situation from the beginning of reporting (53 days in total). The information was obtained from the database of the Rospotrebnadzor Territorial Administration of MR and collected in compliance with the regulations on Daily Monitoring of Children with Coronavirus Infection, Management Section, State Information System, MR.Results. The pediatric cases of COVID-19 accounted for 6.3% (95% CI2 5.9–6.7) of all the cases reported by 6/5/2020 (16,590); the total infection rate of the pediatric population in the region was 0.07% (0.06–0.09). The basic reproduction number ranged from 4.8 (during the two-week exponential growth phase) to 2.7 (during the later period characterized by a slowdown in the incidence rate) and averaged 3.8 (3.0–4.57). The clustering rate of COVID-19 among children was high, reaching 82.8% (79.7–85.6) with a small average number of cases detected in the cluster — 1.21 (1.16–1.26). Asymptomatic COVID-19 cases prevailed significantly, amounting to 62.2% (59.2–65.1), including 73.1% in newborns; severe cases accounted for 0.38% (0.35–0.41) and hospitalized cases totaled 12.0 (10.1–14.2). No death cases were reported. The mean age of the diseased and infected was 8 [4; 13] years old. Boys prevailed insignificantly (53.2%).Conclusion. There is a distinct stage-by-stage development of the epidemic situation among children in MR. In the pediatric population, COVID-19 was generally acquired from a secondary household transmission within family clusters. Early preventive measures and extensive testing helped to reduce the period of exponential growth and, therefore, to avoid large clusters of infection. In addition, 17.2% of the COVID-19 clusters were identified as those where the child was the first to become sick. In the future, it is necessary to practice distancing and provide effective isolation of diseased children and adults, since the high rate of incidence in children can lag behind the incidence rate in adults.
FARKLILAŞAN ÖTEKİLER: KÜRTLERE VE SURİYELİ SIĞINMACILARA İLİŞKİN TEMSİLLERİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: CAKİN Berfin
Published: June 2020

Türkiye’de sosyal kutuplaşmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan ötekileştirme, yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Bilhassa 1990’lardan itibaren etnik, dini ve ideolojik kutuplaşma, ötekileştirmeyi derinleştirmiştir. Gelişen teknolojinin bireylere verdiği özgür ve anonim olarak düşüncelerini sunma imkanı, farklı kesimleri hedef alabilen ötekileştirmenin sosyal medya aracılığıyla daha da keskinleşmesine sebep olmaktadır. Literatürde varolan çalışmalar, Kürtlerin toplumun en çok ötekileştirilen etnik grubu olduğunu ortaya koysa da, Suriyeli sığınmacıların gelişiyle değişen atmosfer Kürtlerin ‘öteki’ konumlarında da bir değişimin sinyalini vermektedir. Bu bağlamda, makalenin amacı, Ekşi Sözlük’te Kürtlere ve Suriyelilere yönelik kullanılan temsillerin farklılaşan unsurlarının ortaya koyarak, Suriyeli sığınmacılara yönelik olumsuz temsillerin Kürtlerin ‘öteki’konumlarını ne düzeyde etkilediğini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla, Ekşi Sözlük entryleri aracılığıyla oluşturulan temsiller, içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, Ekşi Sözlük’te Suriyeli sığınmacılara yönelik oluşturulan olumsuz temsillerin, Kürtlerin olumsuz temsillerinden daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla beraber, seçilen entrylerde Suriyeli sığınmacıların ötekileştirilmesinin, toplumda bu iki sosyal grubun hiyerarşik olarak kurgusuna sebep olarak Kürtlere yönelik ötekileştirmeyi hafifletmiş olsa da, Suriyeli sığınmacıların bu karşılaştırma sebebiyle daha da fazla ötekileştirildiği görülmektedir.
COVID-19 Sonrası Yerleşik İktisadi Anlayışın Değişimine İlişkin Beklentilere Eleştirel Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: YILMAZ Mehmet Levent
Published: June 2020

2020 yılı başlarından itibaren tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid19 pandemisinin toplumsal ve ekonomik olarak getirdiği maliyetlerin artması bir dizi sistemik tartışmayı da beraberinde getirmiştir. Pek çok ülkenin sağlık altyapısının yetersizliği ve sosyal güvenlik sistemlerinin kapsayıcılık sorunu kamu otoritelerine olan güveni sarsmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra özellikle salgının kontrol altına alınabilmesi için uygulanan tedbirlerin ekonomileri ve küresel ticareti durma noktasına getirmesi, artan işsizlik rakamları ve yaşanan gelir kayıpları yerleşik iktisadi anlayışa ilişkin eleştirilerin dozunu artırmıştır. Öte yandan salgın süresince oluşan dünya düzenindeki değişim beklentisinden yerleşik iktisadi anlayış da etkilenmektedir. Özellikle artan korumacı politikalar ve uygulanan sınır kapatmaları küreselleşmeyi tartışmaya açarken, devletin piyasalardaki müdahaleleri ve kurtarma paketlerinin içerikleri liberal ekonomi politikalarının sorgulanmasına neden olmaktadır. Bazı düşünür ve bilim insanlarının küreselleşmenin ve liberal devlet anlayışının sonuna gelindiğine ilişkin görüşleri literatürde yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada bahsedilen görüşlerin temellerinin sağlam olup olmadığı sorgulanarak söz konusu değişim beklentilerine ilişkin eleştiriler belirtilmiştir.
THE EFFECT OF SALINITY OF IRRIGATION WATER AND SPRAYING BY HUMIC ACID IN SOME OF MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Al-Fahdawe E. K. , Al-Sumaidaie A. A. , Al-Hadithy Y. K.
Published: June 2020

A pots experiment was conducted at the Department of Biology/College of Education for Girls/University of Anbar during Autumn season of 2018-2019 to study the effect of the salinity irrigation water and spray by humic acid in some of morphological, physiological, growth and yield traits of wheat cv. IPa. The experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was assigned for irrigation by saline water at four level (S0, S1, S2 and S3), while the second factor was the foliar spraying of humic acid in three level (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1). The results showed that there was significant reduction in plant height, vegetative dry weight, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content when the plants were irrigated by saline water approached to 41.09 cm, 0.747 g, 0.849 g plant-1 and 38.67 SPAD, respectively at salinity level of 8.3 ds m-1 compared with the plants which irrigated by fresh water. The total carbohydrates were significantly decreased at the treatment of 8.3 ds m-1 reached 18.71 mg g-1. Spray levels humic acid achieved a significant increase in plant height, dry weight of the vegetative part, biological yield and chlorophyll leaves content sprayed at 1.0 and 1.5 g l-1 compared to no sprayed. Nitrogen concentration was significantly increased, while both phosphorus and potassium were decreased in the vegetative parts of wheat as the salinity of irrigation water increased. However, the increase of humic acid levels led to significant increasing in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIA: A TREND ANALYSIS
Authors: Rudresha C. E
Published: June 2020

International economic integration plays a significant role in the growth and development of any country, whether rich or poor. And foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the major components in the process of achieving international economic integration in any economy. As is known, FDI serves as a link between investment and savings. This is true even in the case of India which is facing the deficit of savings and which can be addressed with the help of FDI. It (i.e., FDI) also helps in raising the growth and development of the economy. India is one of the leading markets at the global level. It has emerged as one of the attractive destinations in the world with a significant change in the inflow of FDI. The journey of FDI is very interesting with the introduction of liberalized policy through new economic policy 1991 and also other policy reforms of Government of India. It has witnessed a drastic change in the inflow and direction of foreign investment in Indian economy. In this backdrop, an attempt is made in this paper to examine country-wise, sector-wise and region-wise FDI inflows in Indian economy during last 19 years, 2000-01 to 2018-19.
KEY WORDS: Economic Integration, Foreign Direct Investment, Developing Nations, Savings, Policy Reforms
Hikayat Susunan Kuning dalam Negeri Gagelang: Sebuah Tinjauan Historiografi
Authors: Rahayu Dwi Puji , Wirajaya Asep Yudha
Published: June 2020

This study aims to present a historiographic review of the text of the Yellow Tale in the State of Gagelang (hereinafter abbreviated as HSK). This research uses the historical method. The steps used in this study are (1) heuristics; (2) criticism; and (3) historiography. The results of research on this study are known that (1) In the text HSK tells about Sunan Kuning to his descendants and various conflicts in it; (2) The history of the tumult not only describes the conflict between Java and China, but also indicates the interference of the Dutch colonial involvement in it; (3) The relevance between the HSK text and the history of Pacer commotion. The relevance is illustrated by the existence of relevant and interrelated events between the HSK text and the history of Pacer commotion. During this time, the discourse that continues to be "echoed" by the colonial side is the commotion of Chinatown is a dark history for humanity in the archipelago. In fact, the discourse continues to be reproduced when various riots erupted in the country. The discourse that is raised is always based on ethnicity, religion, race, and intergroup. Thus, the presence of the HSK text is an important witness for the history of humanity on earth in the archipelago. In addition, HSK also uses the background of the banner story. It shows that history is not always written by "winners". Because the banner story is a folklore that is so closely related to the life of the Indonesian people. Therefore, a comprehensive and integral study of HSK and other historical texts is absolutely necessary to be carried out in order to reveal the true historical facts. So, Indonesian people can re-recognize the history of their ancestors, both through colonial sources and from the perspective of the nation's own historiography.
Koneksi Pusat dan Pinggiran: Perbandingan Teks Primbon Palinḍon Kraton Yogyakarta dan Palilinḍon Merapi-Merbabu
Authors: Dwiadmojo Ghis Nggar
Published: June 2020

The aims of this research are (1) to inventory and classify the corpus of the Javanese palilinḍon text and (2) to compare the palilinḍon text of Merapi Merbabu with the Primbon Palinḍon Kraton Yogyakarta text. The primary data of this study are the text of Palilinḍon, 29 L 328 (copied at Merapi Merbabu) and the text of Sĕrat Primbon Palintangan Palinḍon Pakĕdutan Add 12311 (copied at Yogyakarta Palace). The secondary data of this study are a cataloges containing information about manuscripts stored in libraries and museums in Indonesia and abroad. This research method is modern philology. There are 13 texts containing Javanese texts about palilinḍon. The 13 texts can be classified into two groups, the first copied at Merapi Merbabu and the second copied outside the Merapi Merbabu environment. Each group was taken one, namely Palilinḍon 29 L 328 which was copied at Merapi Merbabu and Primbon Palintangan Palinḍon Pakĕdutan Add 12311 which was copied in Yogyakarta Palace to be compared. Broadly speaking, the contents of the two texts are the same, namely containing information about events that followed the earthquake that occurred on the 12th month of Java. This proves the two texts are very strong connected. In the limited context of the Palilinḍon text, the connection of both of texts indicates the connection of both of scriptorium. Even though there are differences in word choices in the both of texts. In the text Palilinḍon 29 L 328 it is stated that if an earthquake occurs in a particular month, disaster will happen to the nagara while in the Primbon Palinḍon text Add 12311 it is stated that if an earthquake occurs in a particular month, the disaster will strike the desa. Nagara refers to the center, while the desa refers to the periphery. Nagara is the central representation, the residence of nobles and officials, if the negara is damaged the palace is also damaged. In the court's view this should not happen, then in Primbon Palinḍon Add 12311 the word 'nagara' was removed and the word ‘desa' was added as an object of disaster sufferers.
Evaluación del contenido de acrilamida en chips de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) elaborados por fritura convencional y al vacío
Authors: Iván Samaniego-Maigua-; José Angós-Iturgaiz Elena Villacrés-Poveda; Gabriela Zurita-Sorrosa;
Published: June 2020

La fritura es un método de cocción con mayor aceptación a nivel mundial, confiere a los alimentos y específicamente a la papa ciertas características únicas de aroma, sabor y textura, destruye los microorganismos e inactiva las enzimas. Sin embargo, este proceso a nivel doméstico y agroindustrial se realiza a temperaturas que superan los 120 oC, lo que puede propiciar la formación de acrilamida, a niveles que superan los límites permisibles para el consumo humano. Por lo que el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el contenido de acrilamida en siete variedades de papa procesadas por fritura convencional y al vacío. Esta investigación se desarrolló en el Departamento de Nutrición y Calidad de la Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, INIAP. Con el plan de experiencias de Doehler, se determinó las siguientes condiciones de tiempo y temperatura para la fritura convencional: variedades Diacol Capiro, INIAP-Rubí, Superchola e INIAP-Victoria (175 °C, 2.75 min), Josefina y Natividad (162 °C y 3.13 min) e INIAP-Libertad (175 °C, 2.00 min). La fritura al vacío se realizó 125 °C, 6 min y 11,30 kPa. El contenido de acrilamida varió dependiendo de la variedad de papa y las condiciones de fritura. En INIAP-Natividad y Superchola, procesadas por fritura convencional (162-175 oC), sobre-fritura (188 oC) y al vacío (125 oC), la concentración de acrilamida no superó el límite de detección. Mientras que en Diacol Capiro, INIAP-Josefina, INIAP-Rubí e INIAP-Victoria fritas a 188 oC, los niveles de acrilamida superaron el límite de detección (316.12 µg·kg-1), con valores de 2412.60, 1107.20, 1114.89, 1684 µg·kg-1, respectivamente. Se determinó un alto grado de correlación (0.79) entre el porcentaje de azúcares y el contenido de acrilamida, no así entre este parámetro y el contenido de proteína. 

Palabras clave: oxidación, fritura al vacío, Doehler, detección
Seleção de clones canadenses de batata para caracteres agronômicos e de qualidade de fritura, no Sul do Brasil
Authors: A.Ferreira de Carvalho; C.Marques Castro; E.Hirano G.Olegario da Silva; A.da Silva Pereira; F.Q. Azevedo;
Published: June 2020

Existe uma forte demanda da cadeia brasileira de batata por cultivares para o processamento na forma de palitos pré-fritos congelados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar clones de batata de origem canadense, quanto à adaptação ao sul do Brasil. Foi avaliado um conjunto de 11 clones pertencentes ao “Centre de Recherche Les Buissons”, QB, Canadá, e as cultivares Asterix e Markies (testemunhas). Experimentos foram realizados em Pelotas, RS, e Canoinhas, SC, Brasil, na primavera de 2019. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e parcelas compostas por duas linhas de 10 plantas cada. Foram avaliados caracteres componentes de rendimento e de qualidade de fritura, vigor de planta e ciclo de desenvolvimento vegetativo. Além disso, in Pelotas, foi acessada também a incidência de requeima (Phytophthora infestans). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, de agrupamento de médias e de correlação. Foram observados clones com potencial produtivo, qualidade de fritura, vigor de planta e ciclo vegetativo similares às cultivares testemunhas. O clone BGB 476 destacou-se para caracteres agronômicos e caracteres de qualidade de fritura.

Palavras-chave adicionais: Solanum tuberosum L., rendimento, cor de fritura, peso específico, precocidade.
Environmental safety in case of accidents on the marine component of a multimodal pipeline system
Authors: Кожевин Д.Ф. , Поляков А.С. , Скороходов Д.А. , Каминский В.Ю. , Стариченков А.Л.
Published: June 2020

Для трубопроводов, проложенных под водой, опасными являются следующие факторы пожара: тепловое излучение при факельном горении природного газа над поверхностью моря, избыточное давление и импульс волны давления при сгорании газопаровоздушной смеси, а также расширяющиеся продукты сгорания при реализации пожара-вспышки газопаровоздушной смеси. При этом рассмотрены особенности газового конденсата и моноэтиленгликоля. Выполнена оценка пожарных рисков и составлен перечень исходных данных для их расчётов. Описана последовательность развития аварии. При построении дерева событий учтена глубина подводного размещения трубопровода. При проведении анализа риска использованы четыре сценария выхода природного газа на поверхность. Определена величина потенциального пожарного риска в определенной точке трассы трубопровода. Выполнена оценка воздействия поражающих факторов при авариях на шлангокабеле и на трубопроводе. Рассмотрены нестабильные динамические явления, сопровождающие аварию на морском трубопроводе: в начальный период воздействия ударной волны, выбросе воды на палубу судна и пожароопасного воздушного шлейфа над поверхностью моря.

For pipelines laid under water, the following fire factors are dangerous: thermal radiation when natural gas flares above the sea surface, excessive pressure and pressure wave momentum when a gas-air mixture is burned, as well as expanding combustion products when a gas-air mixture is flashed. Gorenje The features of gas condensate and monoethylene glycol are considered. Fire risks were assessed and a list of initial data for their calculations was compiled. The sequence of accident development is described. When building the event tree, the depth of the underwater pipeline placement is taken into account. During the risk analysis, four scenarios of natural gas coming to the surface were used. The value of the potential fire risk at a certain point of the pipeline route is determined. An assessment of the impact of damaging factors in accidents on the hose cable and on the pipeline was performed. Unstable dynamic phenomena accompanying an accident on an offshore pipeline are considered: during the initial period of impact of a shock wave, the release of water on the ships deck and a fire-dangerous air plume above the sea surface.
Contesting Religious Authority in Ghana: Perspectives of Literary Works of Aminu Bamba
Authors: Dumbe Yunus Yunus , Gedzi Victor Selorme , Seekey Osman Issah
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the literary works of Aminu Bamba as a perspective of his contributions to Islamic reform and counter to religious unorthodoxy propagated by some religious elites in the Tijaniyya movement in Ghana. It pays particular attention to his interpretations of issues that pertain to theology, jurisprudence, and conflict resolution competences. Whereas this paper takes into cognizance the fact that aspects of his ideas on Islamic theology and jurisprudence were not original as they are well reflected in the mainstream traditional Islamic scholarship, the paper analyses the uniqueness of his ideas that center on eradicating religious unorthodoxy within the Tijaniyya. The article argues that Bamba’s reform ideas considerably depart from the Sufi-Salafi polemic that the debate on Islamic reform always characterize in Ghana.
Review of In a Pure Muslim Land: Shiʿism between Pakistan and the Middle East by Simon Wolfgang Fuchs
Authors: Kalantari Mohammad
Published: June 2020

By some estimates, the Shiʿis of Pakistan, roughly around 25 million people, represent, after that of Iran, the second-largest community of Shiʿis all around the world. Simon Fuchs’s book is among the few scholarly works which have tried to shed light on this relatively under-studied community. His study of Pakistani Shiʿis goes beyond their internal social and bureaucratic relations within the state, and concentrates more on the religious transnational trends which they have forged, especially after the 1979 Revolution in Iran. He argues how the Islamic Revolution in Iran, a watershed moment for Shiʿi transnationalism, was factored in by some Shiʿi scholars in Pakistan to consolidate their base throughout the community. Describing the evolution of these transnational ties, and its multi-layer interaction with the clerical authority and sectarian polemics in Pakistan, is the theme running through all chapters of the book.
Review of Gender and Equality in Muslim Family Law: Justice and Ethics in the Islamic Legal Tradition, ed. Ziba Mir-Hosseini, Kari Vogt, Lena Larsen, and Christian Moe
Authors: Orr Tim
Published: June 2020

The conflict addressed by the book Gender and Equity in Muslim Family Law centres on how religious authority in Islam is understood. The authors charge that the classical position within Islam, with its adherence to the fiqh tradition as immutable, employs a patriarchal understanding of gender. This understanding of inequality is taken for granted by the authors of early Islamic jurisprudence and reflects the values of their day. The authors challenge the classical Islamic jurisprudence that said women were created for men, are defective in reason and faith, and are destined to live in a world where men are superior to women.

The book analyses the political and hermeneutical obstacles to gender equality in Islam. It begins with an introduction by the four editors, Ziba Mir-Hosseini, Kari Vogt, Lena Larsen, and Christian Moe, who define the book’s purpose. They set out to provide a forum for diverse scholarly voices who address the problems for women in Islam that stem from the traditional understanding of the Arabic terms qiwāma and wilāya. These terms connote a form of guardianship that places men as heads over women as men are to serve as guardians and breadwinners in their respective homes. The guardian role, according to the traditional understanding, puts much power in men’s hands to supervise the decisions of women, especially when it comes to marriage. The authors of this book assume that classical jurists believed that women were incapable of making those decisions independently. In response, the authors of each chapter make their argument for various strategies of reform.
The Floodplain Fiasco
Authors: Kubiak Andrew J.
Published: June 2020

Flooding has long been a source of hardship for the people who work and live near bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, and streams. The United States has not been an exception. Only in recent decades has the United States taken proactive steps in an effort to mitigate the damage associated with flooding. These proactive measures predict the areas of the United States that flood, and require that people who live within those areas to purchase flood insurance. These predictions are in the form of a nationwide system of maps. Until recently, flood insurance was offered to affected property owners at a reduced rate. The nationwide system of maps indicate the potential limits of flooding however these maps are plagued by systematic errors, which reduce their accuracy to the point where the flooding limits indicated on the maps are almost, if not completely, meaningless. These errors are caused by the use of stormwater runoff rates that are based on existing conditions, the use of computer technology that cannot accurately model the effects of structures impeding the flow of stormwater, and the use of survey equipment that does not accurately model the terrain that forms the basis of these limits of inundation. For these reasons, the proposition of this Article is that the way flood insurance is managed should be changed. This Article also proposes several possible solutions to the problem of flood inundation mapping.
Field of Dreams
Authors: McGraw Michael J.
Published: June 2020

This Comment will detail the field’s powerful attraction, discuss and analyze the applicable zoning laws and governing case law associated with comparable property disputes in relation to the present facts, praise the use of tax rebates to help subsidize the project, and assert that the public sector could have established even further requirements for the private business to meet before receiving such substantial public funds.
Recognition and Reflection
Authors: Barnes Kristen
Published: June 2020

This Article focuses on the meaning of the system Gerhart describes by unpacking some of the conclusions he draws regarding legitimacy, cooperation, and morality. The Article also evaluates the framework he proposes for achieving decisions that are “fair and efficient.” The Article concludes that Gerhart’s theory significantly advances the project of incorporating equalizing concepts into property law which should result in decisions that are more equitable from a participatory and distributive perspective. However, there are aspects of the theory that do not capture the discordant elements of property systems and that do not unearth the inequalities at the root of the systems’ beginnings that are often replicated over time.
Prehospital interventions to prevent hypothermia in trauma patients: a scoping review
Authors: Mota Mauro , Cunha Madalena , Santos Margarida , Santos Eduardo , Meto Filipe , Abrantes Tito , Santa Ana
Published: June 2020

Objective: The aim of this review is to map the prehospital rewarming measures used to prevent hypothermia among trauma victims. Background: Hypothermia is responsible for an increase of the mortality and morbidity in trauma victims and its recognition and early treatment are crucial for the victim’s haemodynamic stabilisation. Prehospital interventions are particularly important, especially those that target bleeding control, haemodynamic stability, and safe body temperature. Registered nurses may be pivotal to prevention and minimisation of the dangerous effects of hypothermia. Study design and methods: A scoping review was used to identify articles from several online databases from 2010 to 2018. Studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included. Two reviewers performed data extractions independently. Results: Seven studies were considered eligible for this review: two quantitative research studies, one qualitative research study, and four literature reviews. Rewarming measures can be divided into two main groups: passive rewarming, which includes the use of blankets, positioning the response unit to act as a windbreak, removing the patients’ wet clothes, drying the patient’s body, and increasing the ambient temperature; and active rewarming which includes the use of heating pads, heated oxygen, warmed intravenous fluids, peritoneal irrigation, arteriovenous rewarming, and haemodialysis. Discussion: Active measures reported by the included studies were always used as a complement to the passive measures. Active rewarming produced an increase in core temperature, and passive rewarming was responsible for intrinsic heat-generating mechanisms that will counteract heat loss. Patients receiving passive warming in addition to active warming measures presented a statistically significant increase in body core temperature as well as an improvement in the discomfort caused by cold. Conclusion: Rewarming measures seem to be essential for the prevention of hypothermia and to minimise the discomfort felt by the patient. In many countries registered nurses can play important roles in the prehospital context of trauma victim’s assistance. Greater understanding of these roles is necessary to the development of better practices.
YIELD AND FIBRE CONTENT OF MAIZE PLANTS CULTIVATED FOR GREEN MATTER IN POLAND
Authors: Gąsiorowska Barbara , Płaza Anna , Rzążewska Emilia , Waranica Michał
Published: June 2020

Background. This work presents the findings of research conducted in 2009–2011 aimed at an assessment of the suitability for cultivation in Poland of selected maize cultivars included in the Common Catalogue of Varieties of Agricultural Plant Species (CCA). Production-related value of the examined cultivars and fibre content determining the quality of feed produced from maize stover harvested at various development stages were assessed. Material and methods. The following two factors were examined in the experiment: A − the harvest date of maize green matter (I − tasseling stage (75% of plants at this stage), II − milk maturity stage (after three weeks), III − wax maturity stage (after another three weeks); B − cultivars with different maturity (Pyroxenia – very early, FAO 130, Codimi – early, FAO 200, Moschus – early, FAO 220, Alombo – medium early, FAO 230, Celive – medium early, FAO 245).Results. The results demonstrated that the highest fresh matter yields were obtained for cv. Alombo harvested at the stage of milk maturity and at the stage of wax maturity, and for cv. Celive harvested at the wax maturity stage. Conclusion. All of the maize cultivars had their lowest content of crude fibre and its fractions when they were harvested at the wax maturity stage.