bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La investigación universitaria en formato podcast: análisis del proyecto Transmedia de la Universitat Jaume I de Castelló
Authors: Galán Cubillo Esteban , Sánchez Castillo Sebastián , Drylie Carey Lindsey
Published: July 2022

La digitalización está transformando de forma radical la creación y el consumo del conocimiento. De entre los nuevos medios surgidos en las dos últimas décadas, uno de los que más éxito ha tenido en el ámbito científico es el podcast. Por ello, este trabajo plantea un análisis del podcast Transmedia antes de la pandemia COVID-19 en el periodo 2017-2020. Este podcast se encuentra alojado en el espacio Web comtransmedia.com y consiste en proyecto de comunicación científica en el que se busca construir un espacio de diálogo entre la comunidad académica y los profesionales de la comunicación para afrontar los múltiples retos que en el ámbito de la comunicación y las humanidades nos ha planteado el siglo XXI. La plataforma nació bajo el paraguas de la Universitat Jaume I de Castelló pero aglutina a investigadores y profesionales de distinos países, instituciones y diferentes niveles de experiencia. El proyecto Transmedia surgió en 2017 y ha publicado ya cerca de 600 contenidos fundamentalmente en formato sonoro y con el objetivo de dar a conocer los trabajos que se realizan desde los principales centros de investigación y ponerlos en diálogo con las iniciativas empresariales más innovadoras. 

El artículo propone una metodología de investigación-acción como estrategia participativa que permite al equipo de investigación intervenir en el objeto de estudio para mejorar sus prácticas y se complementa con el análisis de las principales categorías a las que se adscriben los contenidos de la plataforma con el objetivo de evaluar las dimensiones transmedia del formato. Estas dimensiones ayudan a describir las diferentes categorías que se abordan en los contenidos y el nivel de respuesta que cada una tiene por parte de la audiencia.
Nuevas narrativas y formatos en comunicación
Authors: Cuéllar Bermejo Juan Manuel
Published: July 2022

Artículo de la sección Tribuna.
Nuevas narrativas y formatos en comunicación
Authors: Marinelli Alberto , Marcos García Silvia
Published: July 2022

Introducción a la sección Informe del número 24.
Religious painting by Alexander Smirnov in line with the traditions of Slavic culture
Authors: Rakova Ol'ga Aleksandrovna , Rakov Mikhail Pavlovich
Published: August 2022

The author of this article aims to reveal the features of Alexander Smirnov's religious painting in the context of the general culture of the Slavic peoples. This analysis is based on the diptych of the specified author, consisting of two samples of fine art – "Wonderful fishing" and "Blessing of loaves", whose creation history dates back to 1991-1993. The structure of the article is conditionally divided into two parts, the first of which is devoted to the analysis of the plastic language of the diptych in line with the traditions of Slavic culture. The organizational structure of the diptych is analyzed through the prism of traditional Russian symbols. The continuity of some forms of expression and their transformation in the key of religious contemporary art is considered. In the second section, from the point of view of compositional integrity, Alexander Smirnov's diptych "Wonderful Fishing" and "The Blessing of Loaves" is analyzed. The semantic and aesthetic component of this diptych is also considered through the analysis of rhythmic and compositional constructions. Comparison, analysis and synthesis are used as research methods. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the use of artistic plastic language turns out to be necessary for the master, since it allows him to conduct a dialogue with the recipient, revealing to him the full depth of the essence of the gospel tragedy. It is no coincidence that the basis of the diptych is the Christian teaching, which most fully reflects the phenomenon of human existence, echoing with modernity.
Buscando ar
Authors: Silva Sandra Maria Cerqueira da
Published: August 2022

Neste ensaio eu relato uma vivência pandêmica que não começou e não se encerrou naquele momento. Relato uma ferida que foi aberta a mais de quinhentos anos e que, ainda hoje permanece em carne viva. Até quando?
Bordar é rizomar meu sentir
Authors: Santos Raquel Silva
Published: August 2022

Neste ensaio visual busco trazer algumas pílulas de encantamento/desabafos íntimos que foram gestados e bordados em retalhos de tecido ao longo de fevereiro de 2021 durante a pandemia mundial de covid-19. Enquanto a segunda onda se aproximava do país, desesperançando possibilidades de viver lá fora, para uma família super quarentenada já vivenciando o medo do contágio e morte acelerados devido à hipertensão arterial, recebíamos o diagnóstico de um câncer familiar que me jogou em movimento. Apesar do medo, ter que sair de casa e enfrentar hospital para curar. Em uma tentativa de oração/desabafo/desejo em me manter viva e ter força para cuidar dos meus, essas frases saíram, em diálogos com tempo em bordados do avesso, trazendo o não visto e criando grafias próprias fora do meu corpo imaginação.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DO TRABALHO INTERSETORIAL NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA AS MULHERES NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Santos Ana Pereira , Moreira Viviane Coelho , Lacerda Kate Aparecida Rocha , Pinto Isabella Vitral , Bevilacqua Paula Dias
Published: August 2022

O texto narra a experiência de militância e trabalho de uma rede estadual de enfrentamento da violência contra as mulheres, além dos procedimentos tomados para o acolhimento inicial de um caso atendido em um serviço especializado que integra a rede de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência, durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil. Mesmo no contexto de crise sanitária, política, social e econômica, a rede reagiu de forma criativa, produzindo coesão, ações estratégicas e mobilização em torno da violência; aspectos semelhantes requeridos para o atendimento do caso pela equipe interdisciplinar. Ao apresentar essas experiências procuramos apontar alguns desafios para o trabalho em rede, na tentativa de contribuir para o aprimoramento das práticas coletivas que visam a garantia dos direitos das mulheres.
Carta ao meu pai: em direção a uma consciência feminista
Authors: Pages Camargo Tamiê , Lino Netto Livian , Coelho da Silva Diônvera , Alves Guimarães Isabella , Farias Barrios Andressa , Rocha Clasen Julia , Veiga Júnior Álvaro , Accorssi Aline
Published: August 2022

O artigo, construído em formato de carta, se inspira na realidade de muitas mulheres de nosso país. Aborda a experiência de abandono paterno de uma filha que, a partir do seu contato com teorias feministas, percebe e questiona as consequências da falta de paternagem ao longo de sua vida. Em busca da construção e da ampliação de uma consciência feminista, a carta apresenta um conjunto de reflexões direcionadas ao pai, morto recentemente vítima da COVID-19, e a outros homens. A reflexão perpassa às diferenças de classe, raça e gênero de forma interseccionada, aborda o cotidiano da reprodução da vida e ressalta a importância dos feminismos, enquanto posicionamento político, para a construção de relações mais igualitárias e justas. Conclui-se ressaltando, entre outros aspectos, a urgência de que homens assumam e compartilhem as responsabilidades no que se refere ao cuidado das crianças e do lar. Palavras-chave: paternagem, reprodução da vida; patriarcado; consciência feminista.
Medo constante e crescente: experiências de cuidado e ensino de enfermeiras durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Da Silva Ueigla Batista , Almeida Santos Eliene , Leal Lacerda Flávia Karine , Luz Sacramento Marcela , Rosendo do Nascimento Enilda
Published: August 2022

RESUMO: Objetivo: Compartilhar a experiência de cuidado e ensino de enfermeiras durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Relato de experiência, envolvendo enfermeiras do estado da Bahia, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Resultados: Foram construídas três categorias: Medo constante e que aumentava; Alterações no cotidiano: implicações para a vida, atividades laborais e acadêmicas; e Repercussões para a saúde. As enfermeiras experienciaram o medo da contaminação e morte, de si próprias e de seus familiares, além de repercussões na saúde como ansiedade, distúrbios do sono, irritabilidade, tristeza, isolamento, incertezas e dúvidas em relação ao futuro. Outrossim, as atividades acadêmicas remotas também contribuíram na sobrecarga das funções acadêmicas e laborais das enfermeiras. Conclusão: A pandemia impôs novos ritmos e modos de organização do trabalho de cuidado e de ensino que exigiu das instituições de saúde e de profissionais, rápidas respostas a questões por vezes atendidas precariamente; a sobrecarga de trabalho, o medo de se contaminar e contaminar familiares teve um grande impacto na saúde das trabalhadoras de enfermagem, levando ao adoecimento físico e mental.
Regulation of the THRA gene, encoding the thyroid hormone nuclear receptor TRα1, in intestinal lesions
Authors: Giolito Maria Virginia , La Rosa Théo , Farhat Diana , Bodoirat Serguei , Guardia Gabriela D. A. , Domon‐Dell Claire , Galante Pedro A. F. , Freund Jean‐Noel , Plateroti Michelina
Published: July 2022

The THRA gene, encoding the thyroid hormone nuclear receptor TRα1, is expressed in an increasing gradient at the bottom of intestinal crypts, overlapping with high Wnt and Notch activities. Importantly, THRA is upregulated in colorectal cancers, particularly in the high‐Wnt molecular subtype. The basis of this specific and/or altered expression pattern has remained unknown. To define the mechanisms controlling THRA transcription and TRα1 expression, we used multiple in vitro and ex vivo approaches. Promoter analysis demonstrated that transcription factors important for crypt homeostasis and altered in colorectal cancers, such as transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2; Wnt pathway), recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless (RBPJ; Notch pathway), and homeobox protein CDX2 (epithelial cell identity), modulate THRA activity. Specifically, although TCF7L2 and CDX2 stimulated THRA, RBPJ induced its repression. In‐depth analysis of the Wnt‐dependent increase showed direct regulation of the THRA promoter in cells and of TRα1 expression in murine enteroids. Given our previous results on the control of the Wnt pathway by TRα1, our new results unveil a complex regulatory loop and synergy between these endocrine and epithelial‐cell‐intrinsic signals. Our work describes, for the first time, the regulation of the THRA gene in specific cell and tumor contexts.
Influence of residential performance on residents' health status (part II): Nationwide survey of environmental performance of apartment buildings and residents' health status
Authors: Kawakubo Shun , Kamata Tomomitsu , Murakami Shuzo , Ikaga Toshiharu , Hoshi Tanji , Ando Shintaro
Published: July 2022

The residential environment clearly affects health. For example, a previous study has established relationships between specific environmental factors and the health status of residents in detached houses. However, studies focused on apartment buildings are still insufficient. Therefore, in this study, a large nationwide questionnaire survey of residents of apartments was conducted. The residential environment was subjectively evaluated using a Japanese Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) tool: the CASBEE Health Checklist. The results showed that residents living in apartments who score higher on the checklist tend to have a lower prevalence of various diseases, indicating that residential environment may be an important determinant of health. Furthermore, the odds ratios for residents living in apartment buildings were lower for diabetes mellitus, hypertensive diseases, heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and inflammatory polyarthropathies compared with residents living in detached houses. These findings support the general link between the residential environment and residents' health and suggest that housing typology is an important factor.
High‐Efficiency Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with Improved Photoluminescence Quantum Yield via Reducing Trap‐Induced Recombination and Exciton–Exciton Annihilation
Authors: Guan Zhiqiang , Li Yang , Zhu Zhaohua , Zeng Zixin , Chen Ziming , Ren Zhiwei , Li Gang , Tsang Sai‐Wing , Yip Hin‐Lap , Xiong Yuan , Lee Chun‐Sing
Published: July 2022

Although the performance of blue perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) has improved rapidly in the past few years, it still lags behind their green and red counterparts. One major cause of the inferior performance is the relatively low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of blue perovskite emitters due to more severe nonradiative recombination loss induced by traps and exciton–exciton annihilation (EEA). In this study, theoretical analysis reveals that trap‐induced recombination limits the maximum obtainable PLQY and EEA leads to fast roll‐off at high excitons densities. To address these issues, a synergic approach by introducing CsAc into perovskite and applying solvent annealing (SA) is used to suppress the trap‐induced recombination and the EEA, respectively. The acetate anion in CsAc effectively passivates defects of perovskite through Lewis acid–base reaction, enhancing PLQY of the perovskite films from 10.7% to 49.2%. Furthermore, carrier recombination dynamic investigations reveal that EEA and PLQY roll‐off are successfully deferred with SA treatment. As a result, external quantum efficiency (EQE) is improved from 2.9% to 11% and EQE roll‐off is significantly suppressed at high current density. This work demonstrates that alleviating trap‐induced and EEA non‐radiative losses are two effective methods to improve the PLQY and EQE of blue PeLEDs.
Sustained Release of Nitric Oxide and Cascade Generation of Reactive Nitrogen/Oxygen Species via an Injectable Hydrogel for Tumor Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Wang Yaoben , Yang Xiaowei , Chen Xiaobin , Wang Xin , Wang Yang , Wang Hancheng , Chen Zhiyong , Cao Dinglingge , Yu Lin , Ding Jiandong
Published: July 2022

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generated via the reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with reactive oxygen species (ROS) are more lethal than ROS, and thus RNS‐mediated therapy has great potential in cancer treatment, yet it is still largely unexploited. Herein, a novel, injectable and NO‐releasing hydrogel (NO‐Gel) composed of α‐(nitrate ester) acetic acid‐modified amphiphilic copolymers is developed. To further convert released NO to RNS, glutathione (GSH)‐sensitive CuCys nanoparticles (NPs) and β‐lapachone (Lapa) are co‐loaded into the NO‐Gel. This hydrogel system possesses a temperature‐induced sol‐gel transition and can continuously liberate Lapa, CuCys NPs, and NO in vitro for up to 3 weeks. The sustained supply of Lapa can efficiently boost hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in cancer cells, and intracellular GSH can induce the rapid release of NO and the reduction of CuCys NPs. With elevating H2O2 levels and producing highly reactive Cu(I), the Cu(I)‐catalyzed Fenton‐like reaction is dramatically enhanced, resulting in the generation of abundant hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and the subsequent cascade reactions among ·OH, H2O2, and NO cause more lethal RNS pool. After a single peritumoral injection of the hydrogel system, the cascade generation of ROS and RNS plus the substantial depletion of GSH can significantly suppress tumor growth.
Mass Transfer Printing of Metal‐Halide Perovskite Films and Nanostructures
Authors: Li Zhijian , Chu Shenglong , Zhang Yihan , Chen Wenjing , Chen Jia , Yuan Yongbo , Yang Shangfeng , Zhou Hongmin , Chen Tao , Xiao Zhengguo
Published: July 2022

Most methods of depositing perovskite films cannot meet the diverse requirements of real applications such as depositing films on various types of substrates, making patterns with different bandgaps for full‐color display. Here, a robust mass transfer method of perovskite films and nanostructures is reported, meeting those requirements, by using an ultrathin branched polyethylenimine as interfacial chemical bonding layers. The transfer‐printed perovskite films exhibit comparable morphology, composition, optoelectronic properties, and device performances with the counterparts made by optimized spin‐coating methods. The perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) using the transfer‐printed films show decent external quantum efficiencies of 10.5% and 6.7% for red (680 nm) and sky‐blue (493 nm) emissions, which are similar to the devices made by spin‐coating. This robust transfer printing method also enables the the preparation of perovskite micropatterns with a high resolution up to 1270 pixels per inch. Horizontally aligned red and sky‐blue perovskite microstripes are further obtained through multiple printing processes for white PeLEDs. This work demonstrates a feasible strategy for making perovskite films or micropatterns on various substrates for real applications in full‐color display, white LEDs, lasing, etc.
Performance Improvement of Flexible Pressure Sensor Based on Ordered Hierarchical Structure Array
Authors: Yang Shaohua , Zhang Chengpeng , Ji Jin , Liu Yongzhi , Wang Jilai , Shi Zhenyu
Published: July 2022

Flexible pressure sensors have been extensively explored for their widespread applications in wearable electronic devices such as medical diagnosis and motion monitoring. In this paper, a facile method is adopted to prepare the ordered hierarchical structure array and then it is applied to improve the performance of capacitive flexible pressure sensors. The results indicate that the pressure sensor based on hierarchical structure array is with high sensitivity (0.382 kPa‐1), fast response and recovery time (26 and 25 ms), and its minimum detection pressure can reach 4 Pa. Besides, the sensor based on hierarchical structure array has also been successfully applied to the dynamic pulse monitoring of the neck, limb movement monitoring, and pressure monitoring in water cup grasping process, which shows high stability and reliability, demonstrating its broad application prospects. This research could provide useful guidance for the preparation and applications of high‐performance flexible pressure sensors.
La2NiO4+δ‐Based Memristive Devices Integrated on Si‐Based Substrates
Authors: Khuu Thoai‐Khanh , Lefèvre Gauthier , Jiménez Carmen , Roussel Hervé , Riaz Adeel , Blonkowski Serge , Jalaguier Eric , Bsiesy Ahmad , Burriel Mónica
Published: July 2022

Valence change memories, in which internal redox reactions control the change in resistance are promising candidates for resistive random access memories (ReRAMs) and neuromorphic computing elements. In this context, La2NiO4+δ (L2NO4), a mixed ionic‐electronic conducting oxide, well known for its highly mobile oxygen interstitial ions, emerges as a potential switching material for novel L2NO4‐based memristive devices. However, their integration in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology still has to be demonstrated, as the major focus of previous studies has been carried out on epitaxial films grown on single crystals. In this work, the optimization of the deposition temperature and precursor solution composition is presented, allowing to obtain high‐quality polycrystalline L2NO4 thin films grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition on a platinized silicon substrate, and to use these films to build memristive devices in vertical configuration with Ti top electrodes. A bipolar analog‐type transition in resistance can be achieved in Ti/L2NO4/Pt memristive devices. While the “forming” process required for the devices based on nonoptimized L2NO4 thin films is considered as a drawback, the Ti/optimized L2NO4/Pt devices are forming‐free and exhibit a good cyclability. These results prove the switching response of L2NO4‐based devices in a vertical configuration for the first time.
Wind‐Driven Bidirectional Fluttering Triboelectric Nanogenerator Via Dual Flagpole and Slot Structure Design
Authors: Son Jin‐ho , Heo Deokjae , Goh Dongmin , Lee Minjoo , Chung Jihoon , Choi Seungtae , Lee Sangmin
Published: July 2022

Recently, as fossil fuel reserves have decreased and energy requirements have increased worldwide, wind energy, which has various advantages, such as ubiquitous, sustainable, clean, and infinite energy capacitance, has attracted increasing attention. In particular, wind‐driven fluttering‐type triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which can utilize mechanical movement induced by wind energy based on the coupling of the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction, have been widely studied. However, previous studies have not discussed structural device designs to harvest bidirectional wind energy. Herein, a wind‐driven bidirectional fluttering triboelectric nanogenerator (WBF‐TENG) is reported, which has a dual flagpole and slot structure design to generate electrical output against wind blowing from both directions. Considering natural wind flow in random direction, WBF‐TENG is more effective compared with the previous unidirectional fluttering TENGs. The electrical output of the WBF‐TENG is quantitatively measured and analyzed in terms of the peak and root mean square outputs depending on various design parameters and wind velocities. The findings demonstrated that the WBF‐TENG can be utilized as a swing safety light by continuously turning on 76 LEDs when riding a swing during right and left direction movements. Furthermore, the WBF‐TENG can scavenge omnidirectional wind energy by vertically stacking two devices.
Harvesting Wide Frequency Micromechanical Vibration Energy and Wind Energy with a Multi‐Mode Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Traffic Monitoring and Warning
Authors: Yang Chunchun , Liu Guanlin , Wang Xuejiao , Liu Boxun , Xiao Longfa , Wan Lingyu , Yao Huilu
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of road networks, various traffic safety issues have become endless. To solve the problems, a multi‐mode triboelectric nanogenerator(M‐TENG) composed of roller‐based TENG, turnplate‐based TENG, and vertical separation‐based TENG is proposed. The M‐TENG can be applied to harvest the wind energy and mechanical vibrational energy generated by moving vehicles on ordinary roads or roads beside bridges to provide power for traffic warning devices and signal sensors. In terms of wind energy harvesting, the M‐TENG shows an excellent wind energy conversion capability. For vibrational energy harvesting, the M‐TENG can respond well to the frequency range (1–40 Hz) of bridge vibration in an actual environment and produce a good output. Thus, due to the above excellent outputs, the M‐TENG can successfully power caution lights and commercial LED strips, achieving a good warning effect. Additionally, the M‐TENG also can send RF signals after charging the energy management unit circuit for 5 min when simulating a natural environment. Based on the aforementioned wide applications, the M‐TENG not only demonstrates its excellent energy harvesting capability but also shows that it has huge potential in the field of transportation.
Mechano‐Responsive Spiropyran Microbeads: A Facile Fabrication Strategy for Self‐Reporting Materials
Authors: Jang Han Gyeol , Jo Jun Young , Park Hyungbum , Jung Yong Chae , Choi Yong‐Seok , Jung Sungmin , Lee Doh C. , Kim Jaewoo
Published: July 2022

Spiropyran (SP) mechanophores are attracting attention as next‐generation smart materials that can self‐diagnose stress or strain thanks to their capacity for stress visualization with superior sensitivity. However, at present, to achieve the self‐reporting functionality, it is considered essential that SP is chemically bonded to a host matrix, which has greatly limited its application. In this paper, mechano‐responsive SP beads that can render a material self‐reporting by means of simple physical mixing are presented. The synthesis of SP beads is achieved in a microemulsifying needle via dispersion polymerization, and their application to various polymers and aluminum through blending or surface coating methods is reported. The self‐reporting property of the specimen, evaluated by in situ measurements of color and full‐field fluorescence during deformation, allows both homogeneous and spatially heterogeneous stress distributions to be successfully visualized; the experimental measurements are in good agreement with the finite element simulations. It is also observed that the mechano‐response of SP beads is highly dependent on the stiffness of the matrix. The surface‐coating method is demonstrated to possess great advantages in terms of applicability, sensitivity, and scalability, facilitating accurate self‐diagnosis of the onset and propagation of damage in real time, even under complex stress conditions.
Electronic Fibers/Textiles for Health‐Monitoring: Fabrication and Application
Authors: Yin Zhe , Lu Haojie , Gan Linli , Zhang Yingying
Published: July 2022

The requirements for comfort, multifunctionality, and aesthetic value of wearable electronics have increased owing to the development of smart wearables. Traditional wearable electronics lack flexibility, softness, and breathability; therefore, they are unsuitable for long‐term use. Recently, electronic fibers/textiles, which have a similar morphology to traditional fibers/textiles and have been imparted electronic functions, have attracted increasing interest. In this review, the latest advances in the fabrication and applications of electronic fibers/textiles, especially for health‐monitoring devices are summarized. First, the fabrication methods of electronic fibers/textiles are systematically introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each fabrication method are discussed. Subsequently, the applications of electronic fibers/textiles in health‐monitoring devices for sensing human motion, electrochemical and electrical signals, humidity, and temperature, are reviewed. As an integrated part of health monitoring, display textiles with information feedback functions are also reviewed. Furthermore, the progress in integrated multifunctional textiles is briefly discussed. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of electronic fibers/textiles are presented. Owing to the joint efforts of researchers in the materials, textile, and electronics industries, electronic fibers/textiles have become increasingly important in health management, medical care, and human–machine interfaces, and have changed the daily lives.
A Hollow Core‐Sheath Composite Fiber Based on Polyaniline/Polyurethane: Preparation, Properties, and Multi‐Model Strain Sensing Performance
Authors: Wu Yuting , Yan Tao , Zhang Keqin , Pan Zhijuan
Published: July 2022

Flexible strain sensors are gradually developing toward being textile‐shaped and multifunctional. Here, a microfluidic spinning strategy with special designed coaxial‐like needles is developed to fabricate conductive fibers with multi‐model strain sensing properties. The coaxial‐like needle can regulate the fiber's structure and characteristics by adjusting the meeting point of core and sheath solution. First, a polyaniline (PANI)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)‐based blended composite fiber (PTBF) with unique hollow‐porous morphology is prepared. The PTBF fibrous sensors with 30 wt.% PANI obtain a large strain range (50% strain), while the PTBFs with 50 wt.% PANI possess a high sensitivity (gauge factor of 160). On this basis, a PANI/TPU‐based core–sheath composite fiber (PTCF) is fabricated by changing the core and sheath solutions. PTCFs exhibit satisfactory multi‐model strain sensing capabilities, including tensile, bending, and pressure. The results show that the resistance of PTCF is extremely sensitive to tensile deformation. The PTCF‐based fibrous sensor can also detect 0–180° bending strains and 0.1–2 N pressure strains. The multi‐model strain sensor can be used in motion monitoring, gesture discrimination, finger‐pressure recognition, and flexible circuit switches. This work may provide a foundation for the direct integration of fiber‐based strain sensors into smart clothing.
Higher Water‐Splitting Performance of Boron‐Based Porous CoMnB Electrocatalyst over the Benchmarks at High Current in 1 m KOH and Real Sea Water
Authors: Lin Shusen , Habib Md Ahasan , Mandavkar Rutuja , Kulkarni Rakesh , Burse Shalmali , Chung Young‐Uk , Liu Changsheng , Wang Zilin , Lin Shiwei , Jeong Jae‐Hun , Lee Jihoon
Published: July 2022

The development of highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts at an affordable cost is an essential component for the large‐scale implementation of green hydrogen production. In this work, the fabrication of porous CoMnB electrocatalyst is demonstrated with the incorporation of boron into the Co‐Mn matrix by an electrochemical approach for bifunctional water electrocatalysis for the first time. The optimized CoMnB electrocatalyst demonstrates an excellent bifunctionality with a low 2‐E turnover voltage of 1.59 V at 20 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH. The CoMnB shows a comparable water‐splitting current at low current range as compared with the standard benchmark electrodes of Pt/C||RuO2 in 1 m KOH. Then, the CoMnB outperforms the benchmarks at above 800 mA cm−2, indicating a better H2 and O2 generation performance at the industrial operational condition of high current range. The CoMnB also exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity in real sea water +1 m KOH. In addition, the porous CoMnB electrocatalyst exhibits an excellent stability with stable current for continuous 72 h operation at high current and excellent repeatability after 1000 cycles. The result ranks the CoMnB as one of the best transition metal‐based water‐splitting electrocatalysts at low cost with an easy fabrication approach.
Pinaceae Fir Resins as Natural Dielectrics for Low Voltage Operating, Hysteresis‐Free Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Ivić Jelena , Petritz Andreas , Irimia Cristian Vlad , Kahraman Bilge , Kanbur Yasin , Bednorz Mateusz , Yumusak Cigdem , Aslam Muhammad Awais , Matković Aleksandar , Saller Klara , Schwarzinger Clemens , Schühly Wolfgang , Smeds Annika I. , Salinas Yolanda , Schiek Manuela , Mayr Felix , Xu Chunlin , Teichert Christian , Osiac Mariana , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Stadlober Barbara , Irimia‐Vladu Mihai
Published: July 2022

Natural dielectrics are emerging nowadays as a niche selection of materials for applications targeting biocompatibility and biodegradability for electronics and sensors within the overall effort of scientific community to achieve sustainable development and to build environmental consciousness. The two natural resins analyzed in this study, silver fir and Rocky mountain fir demonstrate robust dielectric properties and excellent film forming capabilities, while being trap free dielectrics in high‐performance organic field effect transistors (OFETs) operating at voltages as low as 1 V. Immense research possibilities are demonstrated through the avenue of inorganic nanofillers insertions in the natural resins film, that opens the door for fabrication of very low voltage OFETs with high dielectric constant insulating layers.
The Alzheimer's Association appropriate use recommendations for blood biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hansson Oskar , Edelmayer Rebecca M. , Boxer Adam L. , Carrillo Maria C. , Mielke Michelle M. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Salloway Stephen , Sperling Reisa , Zetterberg Henrik , Teunissen Charlotte E.
Published: July 2022

Blood‐based markers (BBMs) have recently shown promise to revolutionize the diagnostic and prognostic work‐up of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as to improve the design of interventional trials. Here we discuss in detail further research needed to be performed before widespread use of BBMs. We already now recommend use of BBMs as (pre‐)screeners to identify individuals likely to have AD pathological changes for inclusion in trials evaluating disease‐modifying therapies, provided the AD status is confirmed with positron emission tomography (PET) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing. We also encourage studying longitudinal BBM changes in ongoing as well as future interventional trials. However, BBMs should not yet be used as primary endpoints in pivotal trials. Further, we recommend to cautiously start using BBMs in specialized memory clinics as part of the diagnostic work‐up of patients with cognitive symptoms and the results should be confirmed whenever possible with CSF or PET. Additional data are needed before use of BBMs as stand‐alone diagnostic AD markers, or before considering use in primary care.
Phenol‐benzoxazolone bioisosteres of GluN2B‐NMDA receptor antagonists: Unexpected rearrangement during reductive alkylation with phenylcyclohexanone
Authors: Markus Alexander , Schreiber Julian A. , Goerges Gunnar , Frehland Bastian , Schepmann Dirk , Daniliuc Constantin , Fröhlich Roland , Seebohm Guiscard , Wünsch Bernhard
Published: July 2022

Negative allosteric modulators of N‐methyl‐
d‐aspartate receptors containing the GluN2B subunit represent promising drug candidates for the treatment of various neurological disorders including stroke, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. To increase the bioavailability and GluN2B affinity, the phenol of the potent benzazepine‐based inhibitor, WMS‐1410 (3), was replaced bioisosterically by a benzoxazolone moiety and the phenylbutyl side chain was conformationally restricted in a phenylcyclohexyl substituent. A four‐step, one‐pot procedure transformed the oxazolo‐benzazepine 7 into the phenylcyclohexyl derivative 11. The same protocol was applied to the methylated analog 12, which unexpectedly led to ring‐contracted oxazolo‐isoquinolines 18. This rearrangement was explained by the additional methyl moiety in the 8‐position inhibiting the formation of the planar intermediate iminium ion with phenylcyclohexanone. The allyl protective group of 11 and 18 was removed with RhCl3 and HCl to obtain the tricyclic compounds 5 and 19 without substituent at the oxazolone ring. The structures of the rearranged products 18 and 19 were elucidated by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. The oxazolo‐isoquinoline trans‐18 with allyl moiety (Ki = 89 nM) and the oxazolo‐benzazepine 5 without substituent at the oxazolone ring (Ki = 114 nM) showed GluN2B affinity in the same range as the lead compound 3. In two‐electrode voltage clamp measurements, 5 displayed only weak inhibitory activity.
Converting a mAb downstream process from batch to continuous using process modeling and process analytical technology
Authors: Chen Ran , Chen Xu‐Jun , Shi Ce , Jiao Biao , Shi Ye , Yao Bin , Lin Dong‐Qiang , Gong Wei , Hsu Simon
Published: July 2022

The biopharmaceutical market is driving the revolution from traditional batch processes to continuous manufacturing for higher productivity and lower costs. In this work, a batch mAb downstream process has been converted into an integrated continuous process with the combination of multiple techniques. For process intensification, two batch mode unit operations (protein A capture chromatography, ultrafiltration/diafiltration) were converted into continuous ones; for continuity, surge tanks were used between adjacent steps, and level signals were used to trigger process start or stop, forming a holistic continuous process. For process automation, manual operations (e.g., pH and conductivity adjustment) were changed into automatic operation and load mass was controlled with process analytical technology (PAT). A model‐based simulation was applied to estimate the loading conditions for the continuous capture process, resulting in 21% resin capacity utilization and 28% productivity improvement as compared to the batch process. Automatic load mass control of cation exchange chromatography (CEX) was achieved through a customized in‐line protein quantity monitoring system, with a difference of less than 1.3% as compared to off‐line analysis. Total process time was shortened from 4 days (batch process) to less than 24 hours using the continuous downstream process with the overall productivity of 23.8 g mAb per day for the bench‐scale system. Comparable yield and quality data were obtained in three test runs, indicating a successful conversion from a batch process to a continuous process. The insight of this work could be a reference to other similar situations.
Hyperthermia combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: Synergistic sensitization and clinical outcomes
Authors: Liu Pengyuan , Ye Mengna , Wu Yajun , Wu Lichao , Lan Kaiping , Wu Zhibing
Published: July 2022

Background

Within the field of oncotherapy, research interest regarding immunotherapy has risen to the point that it is now seen as a key application. However, inherent disadvantages of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as their low response rates and immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), currently restrict their clinical application. Were these disadvantages to be overcome, more patients could derive prolonged benefits from ICIs. At present, many basic experiments and clinical studies using hyperthermia combined with ICI treatment (HIT) have been performed and shown the potential to address the above challenges. Therefore, this review extensively summarizes the knowledge and progress of HIT for analysis and discusses the effect and feasibility.

Methods

In this review, we explored the PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov databases, with regard to the searching terms “immune checkpoint inhibitor, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, ablation, photothermal therapy”.

Results

By reviewing the literature, we analyzed how hyperthermia influences tumor immunology and improves the efficacy of ICI. Hyperthermia can trigger a series of multifactorial molecular cascade reactions between tumors and immunization and can significantly induce cytological modifications within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The pharmacological potency of ICIs can be enhanced greatly through the immunomodulatory amelioration of immunosuppression, and the activation of immunostimulation. Emerging clinical trials outcome regarding HIT have verified and enriched the theoretical foundation of synergistic sensitization.

Conclusion

HIT research is now starting to transition from preclinical studies to clinical investigations. Several HIT sensitization mechanisms have been reflected and demonstrated as significant survival benefits for patients through pioneering clinical trials. Further studies into the theoretical basis and practical standards of HIT, combined with larger‐scale clinical studies involving more cancer types, will be necessary for the future
Breast cancer in East Africa: Prevalence and spectrum of germline SNV/indel and CNVs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes among breast cancer patients in Tanzania
Authors: Rweyemamu Linus P. , Gültaşlar Büşra K. , Akan Gokce , Dharsee Nazima , Namkinga Lucy A. , Lyantagaye Sylvester L. , Yazıcı Hülya , Atalar Fatmahan
Published: July 2022

Background

Growing prevalence and aggressiveness of breast cancer (BC) among East African women strongly indicate that the genetic risk factor implicated in the etiology of the disease may have a key role. Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are known to increase the lifetime risk of BC. This study investigated the prevalence and spectrum of germline single nucleotide variant/insertion and deletion (SNV/indel), and copy number variations (CNVs) in BRCA1/2 among Tanzanian BC patients, and evaluated the associations of identified variants with patient's socio‐demographic and histopathological characteristics.

Methods

One hundred BC patients were examined for BRCA1/2 variants using next‐generation sequencing (NGS). Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay were performed for the confirmation of SNV/indel and CNVs, respectively.

Results

Six germline SNV/indel pathogenic variants were detected from six unrelated patients. Five of these variants were identified in BRCA1, and one in BRCA2. We also identified, in one patient, one variant of uncertain clinical significance (VUS). CNV was not detected in any of the BC patients. Furthermore, we found that in our cohort, BRCA1/2 variant carriers were triple‐negative BC patients (p = 0.019).

Conclusions

Our study provides first insight into BC genetic landscape by the use of NGS in the under‐represented East African Tanzanian populations. Our findings support the importance of genetic risk factors in BC etiology in Tanzania and showed a relatively high overall prevalence (6%) of germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants in BC patients. Therefore, our results indicate that BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants may well contribute to BC incidence in Tanzania. Thus, the identification of frequent variants in BRCA1/2 genes will enable implementation of rapid, inexpensive population‐specific BRCA1/2 genetic testing, particularly for triple‐negative BC patients known for their high prevalence in Tanzania. This will, in turn, greatly contributes to provide effective therapeutic strategies.
Thermal Response to Land‐Use Land‐Cover Patterns: An Experimental Study in Famagusta, Cyprus
Authors: Fuladlu Kamyar
Published: July 2022

The transformation of land‐use land‐cover (LULC), as induced by human and natural processes, drives the biogeochemistry of Earth and influences the complex interaction between many factors. The most significant outcomes of these interactions are the thermal responses and changes in land‐surface temperature (LST). The consequences of these factors can be seen in both global and regional scale changes in climate—remote sensing methods are widely used in constraining these changes and, thus, there is an increasing shift toward LULC studies. This study uses a hybrid method to investigate the thermal responses to LULC patterns by analyzing LST. This method combined the normalized difference vegetation index, normalized difference built‐up index, normalized difference barrenness index, and normalized difference moisture index, and is then applied to a study area in Famagusta, Cyprus. The results of this study can help to guide future development and land‐use optimization, in Famagusta or any other area in which the method is applied. The study results show that agricultural intensification contributes to increased LST ( = 313.3), whereas wetland ( = 307.5) and forested land decrease the LST. Positive correlations are recorded between increased LST, the normalized difference built‐up index (r = 0.702, p < 0.01), and two digital elevation models (r = 0.372, r = 0.364, p < 0.01), while negative correlations existed between LST and the indices of normalized difference vegetation (r = −0.082, p < 0.01), barrenness (r = −0.711, p < 0.01), and moisture (r = −0.702, p < 0.01).
Population Pharmacokinetics of Heptanoate in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Long‐Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders Treated With Triheptanoin
Authors: Lee Sun Ku , Gosselin Nathalie H. , Jomphe Claudia , McKeever Kathleen , Putnam Wendy
Published: July 2022

Triheptanoin is an odd‐carbon, medium‐chain triglyceride consisting of three fatty acids with seven carbons each on a glycerol backbone, indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with long‐chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC‐FAOD). A total of 562 plasma concentrations of heptanoate, the most abundant and pharmacologically active metabolite of triheptanoin, from 13 healthy adult subjects and 30 adult and pediatric subjects with LC‐FAOD were included in the population pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses. Multiple peaks of heptanoate observed in several subjects were characterized by dual first‐order absorption with a lag time in the second absorption compartment. The disposition of heptanoate in human plasma was adequately described by one‐compartmental distribution with a linear elimination. The apparent clearance (CL/F) and apparent volume of distribution were allometrically scaled with body weight to describe PK data across a wide range of age groups in subjects with LC‐FAOD. The typical CL/F in adult subjects with LC‐FAOD was ≈19% lower than that in healthy subjects. Model‐estimated elimination half‐life for LC‐FAOD patients was ∼1.7 hours, supporting a recommended dosing frequency of ≥4 times per day. Covariate analyses indicate that age, race, and sex did not lead to clinically meaningful changes in the exposure of heptanoate.
Analysis and design of a new fault‐tolerant digital comparator based on nano‐scale quantum technology
Authors: Jiao Yuhan
Published: July 2022

Quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) is a transistor‐free technique for designing digital circuits. It is a substitute for CMOS technology for producing low‐energy and high‐speed digital circuits. In addition, the digital comparator is an important digital circuit; its fault‐tolerant design is examined in this article. Additionally, a coplanar QCA‐based fault‐tolerant comparator circuit with a small number of cells is suggested. The QCADesigner is used to achieve exact simulation results. The suggested fault‐tolerant comparator requires 63 QCA cells, uses 0.8 m2, and has three clock cycles delay in accomplishing its purpose. Furthermore, simulation results demonstrate that the suggested comparator design with a limited number of cells can achieve a fault‐tolerant of 80% against cell missing, extra cell, cell displacement, and cell rotation faults.
The driver role of JAK‐STAT signalling in cancer stemness capabilities leading to new therapeutic strategies for therapy‐ and castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Lo U‐Ging , Chen Yu‐An , Cen Junjie , Deng Su , Luo Junghang , Zhau Haiyen , Ho Lin , Lai Chih‐Ho , Mu Ping , Chung Leland W.K. , Hsieh Jer‐Tsong
Published: July 2022

Background

Lineage plasticity in prostate cancer (PCa) has emerged as an important mechanism leading to the onset of therapy‐ and castration‐resistant PCa (t‐CRPC), which is closely associated with cancer stem cell (CSC) activity. This study is to identify critical driver(s) with mechanism of action and explore new targeting strategy.

Methods

Various PCa cell lines with different genetic manipulations were subjected to in vitro prostasphere assay, cell viability assay and in vivo stemness potential. In addition, bioinformatic analyses such as Ingenuity pathway and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were carried out to determine clinical relevance. The in vivo anti‐tumour activity of JAK or STAT1 inhibitors was examined in clinically relevant t‐CRPC model.

Results

We demonstrated the role of interferon‐related signalling pathway in promoting PCa stemness, which correlated with significant elevation of interferon related DNA damage resistance signature genes in metastatic PCa. Inhibition of JAK‐STAT1 signalling suppresses the in vitro and in vivo CSC capabilities. Mechanistically, IFIT5, a unique downstream effector of JAK‐STAT1 pathway, can facilitate the acquisition of stemness properties in PCa by accelerating the turnover of specific microRNAs (such as miR‐128 and ‐101) that can target several CSC genes (such as BMI1, NANOG, and SOX2). Consistently, knocking down IFIT5 in t‐CRPC cell can significantly reduce in vitro prostasphere formation as well as decrease in vivo tumour initiating capability.

Conclusions

This study provides a critical role of STAT1‐IFIT5 in the acquisition of PCSC and highlights clinical translation of JAK or STAT1 inhibitors to prevent the outgrowth of t‐CRPC.