bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„A tévé maradt az egyetlen lehetőség, ami lefoglalta őket” – Hatéves kor alatti gyermekek és családjuk digitális eszközhasználatának változása a Covid19 járvány idején
Authors: F. Lassú Zsuzsa , Megyeriné Fácska Judit
Published: November 2021

A 2020-ban kezdődött koronavírus-járvány az első év tavaszán teljes lezárást okozott a gyermekintézményekben. A szülők a világon mindenütt arra kényszerültek, hogy kiskorú gyermekeikről otthon gondoskodjanak, ami gyakran felborította a családok életet. Az otthonmaradt kisgyermekekkel való törődés és a munka nehezen sikeredő összeegyeztetése miatt az érintett családok gyermekei gyakrabban használtak, használnak digitális eszközöket. Kutatásunkban hat év alatti gyermekeket nevelő szülőket (N=391) vizsgáltunk a kisgyermekek médiaeszköz-használatával kapcsolatos általános és pandémia alatti „vészhelyzeti” nézetei és gyakorlata vonatkozásában, online kérdőív segítségével, kényelmi mintavétellel. Eredményeink szerint a megkérdezett családokban a kisgyermekek nagy része a járvány előtt is IKT-eszközhasználó volt, és a pandémia a vizsgált gyerekek 46%-ánál képernyőidő-emelkedéssel járt. A digitális eszközhasználat általános szabályozásával kapcsolatban a kutatásban sikerült négy faktort feltárni, melyek közül a „megengedő, nem szabályozó” és az „ellenőrző, kontrolláló” faktorok mutattak összefüggést a járvánnyal összefüggő változásokkal. Az általános „megengedő, nem szabályozó” attitűd (amely az idősebb és kevésbé iskolázott szülők és az idősebb gyerekek esetén jobban jellemző), a járvány alatt is összefüggést mutat az IKT-eszközhasználat növekedésével a gyermekek körében Az általános „ellenőrző, kontrolláló” attitűd esetén, kutatásunk szerint, a szülő a krízisben sem engedte a gyermekek túlzott képernyőhasználatát. Eredményeink a szülők tudatosságának fokozására hívják fel a figyelmet a kisgyermekek túlzott médiaeszköz használatával összefüggésben.
Digitális oktatás a család szemszögéből
Authors: Bencéné Fekete Andrea
Published: November 2021

A Covid19-vírus pillanatok alatt alakította át életünket és változtatta meg az iskolák és családok hétköznapjait. A pedagógusoknak egyik napról a másikra kellett átállniuk a digitális oktatásra, ezzel egy időben sok olyan fórum indult el, ahol a résztvevők módszertani segítséget nyújtottak egymásnak, és összegyűjtötték a rendelkezésre álló eszközöket. Egymást tanítva, a tudásmegosztás és egy új kapcsolattartási forma segítségével hazánkban is elindult az online oktatás. Ez az időszak a szülőket is kihívás elé állította, mert új kompetenciákat kellett elsajátítaniuk annak érdekében, hogy segíteni tudják gyermekeiket az online tanulási térben. A jelenlegi, nem reprezentatív feltáró kutatás célja annak vizsgálata volt, hogy miként alkalmazkodtak az alsó tagozatos gyerekek szülei (N=113) ahhoz, hogy váratlanul új szerepbe kerültek, sok esetben tanítókká váltak munkájuk mellett, otthoni környezetükben. A vizsgálat fókuszában a digitális iskola első periódusa áll, mégpedig a szülők szemszögéből. A kutatás keretében vizsgáltuk, milyen eszközöket, felületeket alkalmaztak a pedagógusok az online tanulás során. Bemutatásra kerülnek a pedagógus-szülő-gyermek kapcsolattartási formák, valamint a tanulásirányítás, tanulástámogatás módjai. A kutatás segítségével a szülők szemszögéből nyerhettünk betekintést a digitális iskola első pár hónapjába. Összességében elmondható, hogy a szülők megítélése szerint a gyerekek sikeresen teljesítették a számukra kitűzött feladatokat.
A tanítási gyakorlat alternatív megközelítései: jelenléti, távolléti és hibrid megoldások a koronavírus-járvány idején
Authors: Trentinné Benkő Éva , Kovács Magdolna
Published: November 2021

A 2020–2021-es évek a koronavírus világjárvány miatt kihívásokkal teli és embert próbáló időszak volt világszerte. A folyamatosan változó karanténhelyzet a magyar oktatás számára is komoly kihívásokat jelentett. A köznevelési és felsőoktatási intézmények bezárása néhány nap alatt kényszerű átállást igényelt a jelenlétiről a sürgősségi távolléti oktatásra. A magyar pedagógustársadalom bizonyította rugalmasságát, innovatív szemléletét és elhivatottságát. Tanulmányunk lehetséges megoldásokat kínál az egyik legnehezebb kihívásra: a pedagógusképző intézmény és az általános iskola közös tanítási gyakorlatának tervezésére, szervezésére és megvalósítására a veszélyhelyzet idején, jelenléti, távolléti és hibrid tanrendben. A bemutatott nyolc alternatíva közül a szerzők a fordított mentorálás és a csoportos társtanítás vizsgálatára részletesen is kitérnek. A résztvevői kutatás tapasztalatai azt bizonyítják, hogy az alkalmazott technikák támogatják a hallgatók pedagógiai kompetenciáinak széleskörű fejlődését, és pozitívan befolyásolják a pedagógiai kísérletben szereplő hallgatók és oktatók motivációját, reflektív szemléletét és tudatosságát ezekben a kiszámíthatatlan időkben is.
Az online oktatás tapasztalatai gyakorló pedagógusok és egyetemi hallgatók szemszögéből
Authors: Miskei-Szabó Réka
Published: November 2021

Jelen tanulmány pedagógusok és egyetemi hallgatók online oktatással kapcsolatos tapasztalatait vizsgálja a 2020/2021-es koranavírus-járvány miatti korlátozások idején. A tanulmány egy kismintás kutatáson alapszik. Az interjúkból nyert adatok betekintést engednek többek között az online oktatással kapcsolatos tapasztalatokba, a virtuális osztálytermek működésébe a megismert platformok és eszközök jelenléti oktatásban betöltött jövőbeni szerepébe.
A Covid19 járvány okozta életmódbeli változások hatásai az óvodahasználókra – Óvodapedagógusok és szülők tapasztalatainak áttekintése
Authors: Villányi Györgyné
Published: November 2021

A Magyar Pedagógiai Társaság Kisgyermeknevelési Szakosztály vezetésével széles körű online felmérés készült 2020. első felében az életbe lépett óvodai bezárásokkal kapcsolatos változások feltérképezése érdekében. A kérdőíveket Bakonyi Anna, Kosztel Krisztina és Villányi Györgyné Jutka készítették. A kérdések tartalmaztak statisztikai adatkérést, online óvodai nevelési tervezést, módszertani és megvalósítási módokat, valamint kapcsolattartási, szervezési lehetőségek feltárását is. Az óvodapedagógusoknak és a szülőknek készült kérdőívekben arra kerestük a választ, hogy hogyan élték meg a karanténban, a virtuális térben működő sajátos helyzetet. Kíváncsiak voltunk arra, milyen tapasztalatokkal, érzésekkel lettek gazdagabbak, vagy éppen szegényebbek, s melyek azok a pozitív tudástartalmak, melyek átvihetők, sőt átviendők későbbre is, a mindennapi óvodai életbe. A Facebookon 2020. május 12-e és június 09-e között kiküldött kérdőíveket 1298 óvodapedagógus töltötte ki . A szülők 2020. május 11-e és június 03-a közötti időszakban válaszoltak a kérdésekre, 681-an.
A gyermekbántalmazás megítélésének és felismerésének vizsgálata kora gyermekkorban a bölcsődékben
Authors: Édes Regina
Published: November 2021

Jelen tanulmány a gyermekbántalmazás megítélésével és felismerésével foglalkozó kutatás néhány eredményét teszi közzé. A kérdőíves vizsgálat során 378 bölcsődei kisgyermeknevelő és 110 szülő (nem számított gyermekük életkora) válaszait dolgoztuk fel. A kutatás egyik célja volt feltárni a már pályán lévő szakemberek tapasztalatait, mennyire érzik magukat felkészültnek a különböző képzési területeken végzettek, milyen attitűddel rendelkeznek a témában. A szülők tájékozottságát, attitűdjét és gyermeknevelési szokásait is vizsgáltuk a kérdőív segítségével. A megkérdezett kisgyermeknevelők 34%-a úgy véli, továbbképzésekre lenne szükség a gyermekbántalmazással kapcsolatban és 25,5%-a nem elégedett a tanulmányai során a témával kapcsolatban szerzett információkkal. Az életkor és a munkában eltöltött idő, valamint a bántalmazással kapcsolatos attitűd vizsgálatakor az idősebb korosztály és a hosszabb ideje pályán lévő szakemberek súlyosabbnak ítéltek egyes bántalmazási formákat, mint fiatalabb és/vagy pályakezdő munkatársaik. A szülők esetében a pofon és a gyermekkel való kiabálás súlyosságának megítélése volt megosztó.
Diplomás kisgyermeknevelők szakmai közérzete és jövőképe
Authors: Bencsikné Molnár Réka , Orbán Dóra
Published: November 2021

Jelen tanulmány a diplomás kisgyermeknevelők szakmai közérzetéről szól, és arra tesz kísérletet, hogy értelmezze azokat a perspektívákat, amelyeket a kisgyermeknevelők a szakmai jövőjükkel kapcsolatban látnak. Ehhez szükséges volt megismernünk az eddigi szakmai életutakat, kitekintve a pályaválasztás motívumaira, a csecsemő- és kisgyermeknevelő képzés élményeire és a bölcsődei intézményrendszer munkakörülményeire. A mintánkban 15 diplomás, az Újbudai Bölcsődei Intézményekben dolgozó kisgyermeknevelő szerepel, akik közül 10 fő OKJ-s végzettséggel is rendelkezik. Ennek következtében kutatásunknak nem várt hozadéka, hogy megvilágításba kerültek a két képzési szint sajátosságai is. Kutatásunkban az egyéni írásbeli kikérdezés módszerét és a félig strukturált interjút kombináltuk. A félig strukturált interjúk elemzése az Atlas.ti tartalomelemző szoftver segítségével valósult meg, adatfeldolgozási módszerünk a megalapozott elméleten alapul. Elemzésünk e módszer elveit követi, az adatok elemzése – az induktív kategóriaalkotás – Glaser (1992) elemzési stratégiáján alapszik. Az eredményekből kirajzolódó mintázatok rámutatnak azokra a feltételekre, amelyek hosszú távon motiváltan, örömmel a pályán tarthatják a kisgyermeknevelőket, biztosítva a jó szakmai közérzetet. Magas szintű elhivatottságot tükröz, hogy az intézményünkben dolgozó megkérdezett kisgyermeknevelők mindegyike a szakmához kapcsolódó konkrét továbbtanulási, tanulási és jó néhányan konkrét szakmai jövőképpel rendelkeznek. Eredményeink nemcsak a bölcsődei szakterületnek, valamint a szak fejlesztésével foglalkozó szakembereknek szolgálhatnak fontos ismeretekkel, hanem a szülők számára is megvilágításba kerülhet a csecsemő- és kisgyermeknevelő szakma sokszínűsége.
The Role of Environmental Innovation in Green Modernization of Industrial Enterprises
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm 614990, Russian Federation, Mingaleva Zhanna A. , Starkov Yurii V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm 614990, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

Environmental innovations, green financing, and green investments are currently aimed at implementing such key areas of “greening” the economy and society as reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and various pollutants into the environment. However, the process of green modernization of industrial enterprises is much more diverse and does not only involve environmental measures in relation to direct environmental pollution. The present article reveals the features of the behavior of Russian enterprises and organizations in the field of environmental innovation introduction. The ranking of environmental innovations by directions and goals of implementation is carried out, and their dynamics are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to such a direction of “greening” the economy and production underestimated to date as the activity of replacing raw and other materials with safe or less hazardous ones. The paper demonstrates the importance and significance of this direction of environmental innovation from the point of view of the formation of a green value chain. The main research methods are statistical, structural and logical, and comparative analysis as well as methods of graphical data presentation. The result of the study is the conclusion that it is necessary to increase the attention given by individual enterprises, the business community, investment organizations, the financial sector, government bodies and other subjects of society to such a direction of green modernization of industrial enterprises as the introduction of innovation in the use of environmentally friendly raw and other materials. First and foremost, the above implies an expansion of production and use of composite materials, which have huge application potential in various sectors of the economy, thus generally corresponding to the country’s technological development program.
The Affective Database: 'Symulation' and Enacting Worldhood in the Film-worlds of Scott Barley
Authors: Buchanan Jack
Published: November 2021

This article offers an alternate evolution of Lev Manovich’s (1999) concept of the database film, explored through the work of Welsh experimental filmmaker Scott Barley. Suggesting the existence of an affective type of database, this codifies their production as a form of ecological activism which phenomenologically affects viewers and creates a worldhood that each film inhabits. Viewers emerge as agential participants, which this article argues is an entanglement that occurs and continues long after the film’s initial release. Barley’s works often eschew formulations of humans, and instead invoke abstracted images of the world and wild animals, engendering an altered process of thought that attempts to avoid, reject and/or refute anthropocentrism. As Barley’s work continues to catalyse considerations of darkness, time, space and Jean Baudrillard’s simulation (1994), I argue that such films allow moments of stasis and stillness that are akin to death, bringing forth further considerations in viewer-participants about the world(s) they inhabit.
Double Female Presence among the “April” Poets (Lyrics by Vania Petkova and Nadia Kekhlibareva in the 1960s)
Authors: Kostova-Panayotova Magdalena
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the presence of two significant poetesses, Vania Petkova and Nadia Kekhlibareva, among the “April” generation of the late 1950s and 60s, who stand out amongst a background of male poets. This is especially significant considering the scarcity of women in the Bulgarian literary canon. The image of woman in the works of both poetesses is associated with a sensual, emotional, and even irrational beginning; the poetess fights for her space and the right to her own opinion, and she perceives the world mainly in accordance with her nature. The image of a woman in this poetry is often parallel to the image of a new hero of that time, although her image is associated with a sensual beginning and a woman brings beauty and freshness to drab everyday life. Nature, from the point of view of the lyrical heroine, corrects human relations (which are not devoid of lies and prejudices), cleanses and charges a person with new forces, and brings spontaneity. The lyrical heroine closes her existence with the life of the Motherland and declares that she breathes this in, thus strengthening her significance. Interestingly, doubts about faith in ideology and idols, new disappointments and the fears that time brings, as well as new aesthetic horizons appear in their poems despite them being characterized by the plot schematicity of ideological statements. Many poems are ahead of the general flow of literary works in terms of taste and poetic utterance, refreshing the literature and making it much more diverse, vital, and conditional. At the same time, they shift the emphasis to highlighting personal uniqueness and the need to fight for the preservation of one’s own identity in order to protect it from the unifying tendencies that threaten it.
Moscow in Russian-Polish Academic and Cultural Contacts from the End of the Eighteenth to the First Half of the Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: Kashtanova Olga S.
Published: November 2021

The question of Russian-Polish academic and literary contacts, which began to take on a systematic character after the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and formation of the autonomous Kingdom of Poland within the Russian Empire, has traditionally drawn the attention of both Russian and Polish historians. In this regard, of great interest is the period from the late 18th to the first half of the 19th centuries, which, in turn, can be divided into two stages: before the uprising of 1830–1831 (November Uprising), when the western provinces of the Russian Empire, as well as the Polish Kingdom, enjoyed an autonomous system of Polish education; and after the uprising, when universities and many academic societies in these territories were closed and the process of integrating Polish education into the all-Russian system began. In addition to St. Petersburg, which occupied a leading place in building contacts between representatives of Russian and Polish science and culture, Moscow, which was the second largest Polish colony after St. Petersburg, also played a significant role in maintaining
these contacts. Before the uprising of 1830, these contacts took the form of personal ties between individual scholars and writers, including members of academic societies and editorial offices of periodicals. After 1830, Russian-Polish academic relations were mainly limited to the sphere of activity of the Slavophiles. However, during this period, Moscow received its status as one of the educational centres for Polish youth, and it became one of the places of scientific activity of Polish professors. Among the graduates of Moscow University there were many famous doctors, lawyers, philologists, natural scientists, and other representatives of the Polish intelligentsia. The Polish scientists who taught there contributed to the development of not only Polish, but also Russian science.
Rematch between Robert Fischer and Boris Spassky in 1992 as an Attempt to Break through the Sports Sanctions in Yugoslavia
Authors: Perišić Jovana
Published: November 2021

The article examines the attempt of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to organise a breakthrough of the sports sanctions imposed on the country on 30 May, 1992. As a result of these sanctions, the country’s athletes were forced to participate in sports competitions without national emblems and flags. The next step was to be a complete ban on the participation of Yugoslav sport organisations in international competitions. In order to break through the international information blockade, the leadership of the FR of Yugoslavia tried to organise a commercial match between Robert Fischer and Boris Spassky, two veteran chess players, who played in the 1972 “Match of the Century.” The conference was organised by Jezdimir Vasiljević, a businessman who combined the cigarette and oil trade with the banking business. The results of this costly adventure were dubious. With the complete domination of huge international media corporations, positive results were almost impossible. However, the episode itself remains a bright page not only in the gloomy history of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, but also in the history of chess.
MAKALAH BMT
Authors: ainiyyah Fadillah adella
Published: November 2021

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Baitul mal wat tamwil(BMT)
Authors: islamyanti Nur
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang Baitul maal wat tamwil (BMT)
Animism and Language Evolution
Authors: Hasanov Eldar T.
Published: November 2021

The exact mechanism of the evolution of language remains unknown. One of the central problems in this field is the issue of reliability and deceit. According to honest signaling theory, communication systems become vulnerable to dishonesty and deceit when there are conflicting interests between the signaler and receiver. The handicap principle explains how evolution can prevent animals from deceiving each other even if they have a strong incentive to do so. It suggests that the signals must be costly in order to provide reliable communication between animals. Language-like communication systems, being inherently vulnerable to deception, could only evolve and become evolutionarily stable if they had some mechanisms that can make the communication trustworthy. One of the theories that try to solve the problem of reliability and deception is the ritual/speech coevolution hypothesis. As claimed by this theory, hard-to-fake rituals evolved concurrently with language. By reinforcing trust and solidarity among early humans it prevented deceitful and manipulative behavior within the group. One of the drawbacks of this hypothesis is that the relationship between ritual and speech is too indirect. Rituals could not have a real-time effect on every instance of speech and encompass all aspects of everyday language communication. Therefore rituals are not efficient enough to provide instant verification mechanisms to guarantee honest communication. It is more likely that the animistic nature of language itself, rather than ritual, was the handicap-like cost that helped to ensure the reliability of language during its origin. The belief in the parallel dimension of animistic spirits emerged concurrently with language as a hard-to-fake attestation mechanism that ensured inviolability of one's speech. The notion that animism emerged because of early behaviorally modern humans’ incoherent observations about the natural world is unlikely, because it implies a very improbable scenario, that there had been a more coherent and rational pre-animistic period which later degraded to animistic one.
Trait Anger Cause Risky Driving Behavior by Influencing Executive Function and Hazard Cognition
Authors: Yu Zhenhao , Qu Weina , Ge Yan
Published: November 2021

Road rage is a serious phenomenon around the world in the driving context and may contribute to risky driving behavior, further increasing the probability of collisions. Among several factors, trait anger is the most relevant variable towards road rage. This research aims to interpret how trait anger influences risky driving behavior in detail. We used an online questionnaire, which contains trait anger scale (TAS), executive function index (EFI), hazard cognition scale (HCS; represents attitudes towards risky driving behavior), driver behavior questionnaire (DBQ), and self-reported traffic violations (e.g., accidents, penalty points, fines). The linear regression model showed that trait anger is a medium but statistically significant predictor of risky driving behavior and drivers’ attitude towards risky situations can significantly predict risky driving behavior in statistics up to medium effect. But risky driving behavior cannot be predicted by executive function. Interestingly, for the objective indicators, the zero-inflated Poisson regression or negative binomial regression results suggested that age is a small protective factor towards accidents/penalty points/fines, and trait anger also is a small protective factor in accidents/fines. While executive function alleviates penalty points and fines, whereas hazard cognition alleviates penalty points only. They all represented a small effect on risky driving behavior. Path analysis suggested that trait anger influences risky driving behavior through executive function and hazard cognition. This study provides a theoretical framework for further research about road rage and offers some possible intervene towards road rage.
Growth Performance of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer) with Different Lysine Addition in the Moving Phase
Authors: Sanjaya Achmad , Hudaidah Siti , Supriya Supriya
Published: November 2021

White snapper (Lates calcarifer) is a fish that has high economic value because it has entered a large export market. The obstacle in the cultivation of white snapper is that it requires a higher protein in the threshing phase compared to larger fish to increase the growth performance of white snapper. This study aims to determine the best lysine dose for increasing the growth performance of the white snapper in the threshing phase. The research design method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications. The treatments given were artificial feed without the addition of lysine (KPKM), artificial feed with the addition of 0,15% lysine/kg of feed (KP A), and artificial feed with the addition of lysine 0,35%/kg of feed (KP B) for 56 days. The results obtained in this study were all parameters showed that the results were not significantly different between treatments (p> 0.05) for 56 days of maintenance. This is presumed because the levels of lysine in the formulated feed and the levels of lysine absorbed by the fish in the control treatment were higher than the other treatments. Then for the survival rate, the calculation result is 100% for all treatments. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is no best lysine dose in this study
Effect of Urea with Various Doses on Skeletonema costatum Cell Growth
Authors: Rosa Mila , Siregar Sofyan Husein , Nurrachmi Irvina
Published: November 2021

This research was conducted in March 2020 at BPBALP Teluk Buo, West Sumatera. This research aimed to determine the best dose for urea usage on S. costatum cell growth. The method used in this research was an experimental method using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, which was the various doses of urea fertilizer consisting of five treatments with three replications. Urea various doses used were 0 ppm (control treatment), 40 ppm (treatment A), 60 ppm (treatment B), 80 ppm (treatment C), and 100 ppm (treatment D) totaling 15 treatment units. The tested organism in this research was S. costatum. The container used was a plastic jar with 2 liters capacity. The parameters tested in this research were the maximum cell population density achieved by seven days of maintenance, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, and specific growth rate. The results showed that the best cell density was found at the treatment D (100 ppm), which was 1,228 x 104 cells / mL and the lowest cell density was in the control treatment (without urea) which was 533 x 104 cells / ml. The results of water quality measurements during the study were still in an adequate range and met the maintenance requirements of S. costatum. The range of water quality parameters were salinity 26-28 ppt,  temperature of 25-27oC, and pH of 8.
Role of Renal Biopsy in Managing Paediatric Renal Disease in a Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Yadav Shankar Prasad , Thakur Jitendra
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The contribution of renal biopsy is of major importance in many paediatrics renal diseases. This prospective study analysed the clinic-pathological spectrum of the biopsied cases, complications related to renal biopsy and its effect on management.
Methods: USG guided percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in indicated children. Laboratory findings, complications of the procedure, histological diagnosis and its effect on management were obtained from all patients who underwent renal biopsy from April 2019 to March 2020. The data were finally analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Total 50 cases were enrolled during the study period. There were 24 males and 26 females with age range from two to 16 years. The common indications for biopsy were acute nephritic syndrome (25 cases), including both primary glomerulonephritis (11 cases) and secondary glomerulonephritis (14 cases), of which lupus nephritis contributed (11/25) cases, followed by atypical/ steroid resistant or dependent nephrotic syndrome (18 cases). Among primary glomerulonephritis, diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis was most common pathological finding (11/25). One had crescentric glomerulonephritis. Lupus nephritis predominantly had Class IV/V pathology (6/11). Of 18 nephrotic syndrome cases, nine had minimal-change-disease and five had focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis. The complications associated with procedure were self-resolving gross hematuria in eight cases, perirenal hematoma requiring plasma transfusion in one case. Adequate renal tissue sample was obtained in 47 of the renal biopsies. Three cases underwent repeat biopsy. Immunosuppressive therapy was altered as per the biopsy report among 18 cases.
Conclusions: Our study showed that renal biopsy is a safe, reliable and effective technique in children. It resolutes many diagnostic dilemma and helps in effective management.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and its Awareness and Knowledge Among Parents
Authors: Kayastha Pawana , Chaudhary Robin Kumar , Basnet Subash
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Role of vitamin D in bone related diseases has a long history but mounting scientific evidences now show serious consequences on overall health of children. Despite the close link of vitamin D with child’s health, its inadequacy is not widely recognised as a problem in our population. This study is aimed to find out the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children and its awareness among parents.
Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted in paediatric outpatient department of Kathmandu Medical College and Hospital from January to May 2020. Children of one to 15 years were included and 295 samples were taken. A pre-designed questionnaire was given to all participants.Vitamin D3 levels were tested with Chemiluminiscence Immuno Assay (CLIA) technique. The status of vitamin D was defined as deficient if vitamin D3 level less than 50 nmol/l.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency were observed in 76.9% and among which 21%, 44.7% and 11.2% were mild, moderate and severe vitamin D deficiency respectively. Vitamin D level was observed significantly higher in males, younger children, those with presence of knowledge of vitamin D and those with adequate sun exposure. On the other hand factors like skin colour, time of exposure and exposed body parts to sun did not influence vitamin D level.
Conclusions: This study shows high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children but awareness among parents regarding vitamin D and its deficiency was low.
A Prospective Case-Control Study to Compare the Clinical Outcomes and Metabolic Profile in Neonates Born to Diabetic Mothers in a Tertiary Care Armed Forces Hospital, India
Authors: Dhillon Harpreet Singh , KN Kushvanth , Dhillon Gurpreet Kaur , Sasidharan Shibu , Singh Vijay
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise especially in women of Asian ethnicity. GDM carries with it a multitude of foeto-maternal complications, the management of which is still a challenge, especially in developing countries.
Methods: This was a hospital based prospective case control study conducted on 100 neonates to compare clinical outcomes and metabolic profiles in neonates of diabetic mothers and neonates of non-diabetic mothers over a period of two years.
Results: The mothers in GDM group had 66% emergency lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) compared to 32% in non- GDM group (p = 0.001). The infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) had statistically significant higher percentage of preterm births, NICU admission, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycaemia and polycythemia. The anthropometric and cord blood parameters (Haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelet, calcium and bilirubin) were comparable in both the groups.
Conclusions: GDM poses significant risks to both mother and neonate, however optimal glycemic control and meticulous monitoring and treatment protocols can reduce the incidence of certain known complications.
Determinants of Expressed Breast Milk Awareness Among Mothers in Siddharthnagar Municipality of Rupandehi District, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Sigma , Bhusal Chet Kant
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Expressed breast milk is the practice of squeezing breast milk for the purpose of further use. Infant and young child feeding is very important in promoting healthy growth and development, particularly during the first two years of child’s life. The awareness of mothers regarding expressed breast milk has a direct impact on the life of infants and feeding practices. The study aimed to find out possible determinants of awareness regarding expressed breast milk among mothers.
Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 mothers from January 2020 to May 2020 by using probability simple random sampling technique. A validated and pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule was used. The data was collected data and analysed.
Results: Mean age of mothers was 26 years. 54.1% of the respondents had low awareness regarding expressed breast milk. After adjustment some of the variables such as age of respondents (AOR = 0.03, CI = 0.01 - 0.08, p < 0.001), religion (AOR = 0.36, CI = 0.14 - 0.99, p < 0.001) and educational status of respondents (AOR = 4.40, CI = 1.72 - 11.26, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with level of awareness regarding expressed breast milk.
Conclusions: More than half of the mothers had low awareness regarding expressed breast milk. Age of the respondents, religion and educational status were found to be associated factors that influence mother’s awareness regarding expressed breast milk. It is recommended to concerned authority to conduct awareness program regarding expressed breast milk among mothers.
Do the Caregivers Of Under-Fives Have Proper Health Care Seeking Behaviour for Their Children? A Study from Urban Slums of a City in Eastern India
Authors: Mohanty Parimala , Satpathy Sudhir Kumar , Patnaik Sibabratta , Patnaik Lipilekha
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The morbidity and mortality among under-five children are many times higher in slums than more privileged urban neighbourhoods. This could be correlated with the caregivers’ behaviour too. Therefore, we intended to assess the health care seeking behaviour for their children among caregivers of under-five children in urban slums of Bhubaneswar city.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted during Jan 2019 to April 2019 in Bhubaneswar, India. Data regarding health care seeking behaviour of 530 caregivers of under-five (U5) children residing in urban slums of Bhubaneswar, whose children suffered from any illness in last one month, were collected.
Results: The most common childhood illnesses for which healthcare were sought were diarrhoeal diseases (30.4%) followed by respiratory infections (29.1%). A concept analysis of the predisposing factors was built up as “socio cultural context”, “economic context”, “education context”, and “individual preference” to know the health care seeking pattern. The health care seeking behaviour among the caregivers of under-five children was significantly associated with sex of child, size of the household, social group of caregiver, mother with mass media knowledge, age, education and occupation of mother, mother having BPL card, if suffering from chronic disease, decision making person for seeking health care, time lapse in approaching the health care facility and income loss due to U5 children illnesses.
Conclusions: The challenge is to know about signs and symptoms of ill-health and to recognise when to seek health care services. Measures can be taken to promote awareness for seeking timely appropriate care. There is a need to develop locally adapted behaviour change communication interventions for childhood Illnesses.
Biotinidase Deficiency, a Rare but Treatable Inborn Error of Metabolism
Authors: Rup Amit Ranjan , Dash Arun Kumar , Behera Jyoti Ranjan , Patanaik Sibabratta , Jain Mukesh Kumar
Published: November 2021

Biotinidase deficiency (BTD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder with predominant dermatogical and neurological manifestations, which if untreated leads to severe neurological sequelae. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with biotin prevents further progression of neurological symptoms and resolution of cutaneous features. We report an interesting case of four and half year male child presenting with seizures, developmental delay with non resolving extensive skin lesions and alopecia, diagnosed as BTD and successfully treated.
A Case of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephritis in a Limited Resource Setting
Authors: Sirait Agaprita Eunike
Published: November 2021

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is the commonest vasculitis in children, and the outcome depends on renal involvement or occurrence of HSP nephritis (HSPN). Hence, a meticulous diagnosis, treatment and regular follow-up plan is needed for a better prognosis. A case of 12 - year - old girl showing HSPN symptoms only eight weeks after the first onset of HSP is reported. Symptoms of HSPN might appear later, hence emphasising the importance of close monitoring in a patient of HSP. There is a lack of clear consensus about the management of HSPN until now, and it becomes a challenge especially in a limited resource setting like ours. In our case, the patient was treated with corticosteroids.
The Profile of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis in a Tertiary Children's Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Basnet Bal Mukunda , Lacoul Robal , Singh Raj Kumar , Simkhada Prashant , Chaudhary Gajendra
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) is the most common surgical cause of non-bilious vomiting in infancy and in the developed world. It is more common among male infants with a peak age at presentation of 4 weeks. This study aims to review the mean age at the time of diagnosis, serum electrolyte changes, ultrasonographic pyloric dimensions and surgical outcomes in IHPS at a tertiary children’s hospital in Nepal.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with IHPS who presented to Kanti Children’s Hospital between June 2016 and June 2020 was performed. Data on age, sex, laboratory and ultrasonographic dimensions, treatment and outcomes of treatment were collected and analysed.
Results: The clinical record of 150 infants were retrieved and analysed who were diagnosed according to the clinical manifestations, laboratory and ultrasound examination from 2016 to 2020. The mean age at presentation was 46.57 ± 27.3 days with male preponderance of 84%. The proportion of IHPS cases with hyponatremia and hypokalemia was 31.3% and 18.0% respectively. The mean pyloric muscle thickness and pyloric length was 5.4 mm and 20.28 mm respectively. All cases were managed with Ramstedt pyloromyotomy with an average length of hospital stay of 5.03 days. There was no mortality and also no significant major complications.
Conclusions: This study has shown that IHPS is a common condition in our setting. More attention should be paid to diagnose early. Paediatricians and general surgeons should have high index of suspicion in infants with non-bilious vomiting to avoid delay in diagnosis.
Nepal Pediatric Society Guidelines for the Safe Transport of Critically Ill Children in Nepal
Authors: Amatya Puja , Shrestha Dhruba , Joshi Suchita , Sharma Arun , Shrestha Shrijana , Basnet Sangita
Published: November 2021

Transport of critically ill children is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to the lack of adequate resources and skilled personnel. Transport of the sick child remains a major challenge in Nepal as well. The main objective of this article is to describe the importance of safe transport, and be a resource and guide for health care personnel during inter-facility transport of sick children in Nepal. This guideline is based on consensus statement of Nepal Pediatric Critical Care Working Group (NPCCWG) under the aegis of the Nepal Pediatric Society (NEPAS). It includes different components of transport, namely essential equipment, patient preparation, communications, medications, and transport checklist, that are required during transport of sick children, taking into consideration the current resources available in our health care facilities.
Exon 46-48 Deletion of DMD Gene - A Boon in Beckers Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Kulkarni Trimal , Charki Siddu , Kalyanshettar Siddarameshwar S , Patil Shankargouda  V , Patil Mallangouda M
Published: November 2021

Becker's muscular dystrophy (BMD) has wide spectrum of presentation from asymptomatic to severe progressive muscular weakness. Subtle weakness can be missed in busy outpatient units. Traditionally muscle biopsy is used for definitive diagnosis. But it is invasive and less helpful in genetic counseling of inherited dystrophinopathies compared to genetic studies. Newer techniques like next generation sequencing (NGS) also help in understanding many phenotype-genotype co-relations. We describe here a seven year boy who presented with mild weakness, without any evidence of cardiomyopathy and had exon 46 - 48 deletion on NGS.
MANAGEMENT OF STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN COMATOSE PATIENTS
Authors: E. Tstlidze  , I. Rukhadze  , I. Verulashvili
Published: November 2021

Among the patients with different types of Epilepsy, there is one of the most dangerous form named - Status Epilepticus, which needs emergency management. Without early response and correct treatment, patient’s health condition may become critical up to death. The most difficult treatment of Status Epilepticus is in patients with unknown coma. Under our observation, there were 22 patients with different etiological factors of coma. For clinical observation we used EEG monitoring and MRI scan in dynamics. According the health history of patients, we find out that 9 of them had immunological and unknown disorders causing Status Epilepticus. In three cases, main disease progression was determined without any leader etiological factors, which might cause immunological disorders. In 7 cases, there were nonconvulsive Status epilepticus. While all of these patients were under the general anesthesia, we were using anticonvulsive drugs in combination with immunotherapy and hormonotherapy. In two cases, we could not control Status Epilepticus. The EEG and MRI scan monitoring in dynamics shows us that difficulty in control of SE might be caused by exacerbation of the main disease. In conclusion, the acute disorders of central neuron system and early response of critical conditions are very important in correct and high quality management of both: Convulsive and non-Convulsive types of Status Epilepticus.
METODOLOGIA ÁGIL SCRUM PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SOFTWARE
Authors: Pires Loddi Vitor , Ribeiro de Campos Ronaldo
Published: November 2021

As empresas de desenvolvimento de software têm buscado controlar com maior facilidade suas demandas, realizando a entrega de produtos com maior qualidade e no menor prazo possível. Nesse esforço, a ausência de um determinado padrão para ser seguido pela equipe de desenvolvimento acaba sendo um problema diante da procura de um maior domínio das necessidades no desenvolvimento de sistemas. Para propor soluções para esta dificuldade foram desenvolvidas algumas metodologias. Este trabalho se concentra no estudo dessas metodologias, particularmente aquelas conhecidas como movimento ágil, dando ênfase à metodologia Scrum e apresentando características, métodos, efeitos, benefícios bem como problemas que possam ser provenientes de sua utilização. Em termos de metodologia, este trabalho utilizou a pesquisa bibliográfica por meio de levantamento realizado em livros, artigos e outros materiais relativos ao assunto. Na revisão teórica foram apresentadas as etapas, procedimentos, reuniões e cargos necessários para a implementação do Scrum em uma organização. Em seguida foi escolhido, entre os casos pesquisados na literatura, um caso de implantação da metodologia e relatado suas ocorrências, detalhando as dificuldades e adaptações necessárias para a aplicação da metodologia, assim como alguns dos resultados alcançados. Como resultado do estudo, foi possível identificar a adequação da metodologia à situações práticas.
USO DE UM SISTEMA DE AUTOMAÇÃO NA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS PARA A IRRIGAÇÃO PERIÓDICA DE HORTAS FAMILIARES
Authors: Schettini Pinto Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta o uso de uma rede de sensores sem fio, sendo controlados de forma centralizada ou descentralizada, em uma horta familiar. A proposta é a disponibilização de nós sensores que, a partir da obtenção de dados de umidade, temperatura e pressão e, utilizando dados pré-estabelecidos de cada tipo de hortaliça, possa irrigar de forma eficiente a plantação permitindo uma produção de qualidade, a custo baixo, mitigando a possibilidade de perdas no cultivo. A relevância deste estudo é comprovada a partir do momento em que possuímos, no Brasil, cerca de 5 milhões de pequenas propriedades rurais. A possibilidade desta forma de cultura familiar se inserirem no uso de uma tecnologia de vanguarda, por um custo baixo, lhes ofertando eficácia no resultado é bastante significativa. Em sua conclusão, o artigo destaca a acurácia do uso de nós sensores de forma centralizada ou descentralizada para o acionamento de irrigadores, proporcionado a economia no uso dos recursos hídricos.
MÉTODO DE PRODUÇÃO DE CALÇADO IMPRESSO EM 3D
Authors: Monezi Vinicius Giovani , Okada Roberto Hirochi
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um método de produção, com a impressão de um calçado e palmilha ortopédica através do uso de uma máquina de impressão 3D. Com o uso adequado de uma impressora 3D, software de modelagem virtual e a matéria prima adequada, pode-se produzir diversas peças e objetos de baixo custo com mão de obra barata. No trabalho é reforçado as qualidades da impressora 3D e seus benefícios econômicos como o mínimo de material desperdiçado e a automação do equipamento em indústrias. Este trabalho teve como intuito de procurar compreender melhor as bases dessa tecnologia e buscar por métodos de produção de baixo custo, para atender as necessidades de pessoas de baixa renda.
CICLO PDCA COMO FERRAMENTA DA QUALIDADE PARA A MELHORIA EM SERVIÇOS
Authors: Ricci Gabrieli Marina , Magrini Rosemary Chiuchi , Pandolfi Marcos Alberto Claudio
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi buscar conhecimento do ciclo PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) aplicado na qualidade de serviços. Para tanto fez-se uma revisão de bibliográfica.  Adotou-se a metodologia descritiva onde observou, registrou e analisou. Os dados bibliográficos foram levantados em SCIELO ( Scientific Electronic Library Online), Revistas online: Sociedade & Natureza, USP, FGV, PPGEA/FURG, Ambiente & Sociedade Biblioteca Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. A pesquisa foi realizada de maio a agosto de 2020, com publicações dos últimos 10 anos e foi estruturada com referencial teórico. Onde foi possível finalizar dizendo que, com o entendimento sobre o PDCA, ficou claro, que a qualidade é conjunto de técnicas e procedimentos administrativos, composta por ferramentas que tem o objetivo auxiliar todos os setores de uma organização e  de acordo com literatura o PDCA é uma ferramenta que traz contribuições em vários aspectos para incrementar as discussões sobre da qualidade e, a partir da percepção de que sua estrutura inclui requisitos essenciais como: conceito de qualidade; combinação das abordagens estatística e estratégica.
MANUFATURA AVANÇADA
Authors: Zirondi João Marcos , Okada Roberto Hirochi
Published: November 2021

A Revolução Industrial mudou de forma significativa todo o contexto social. Com a evolução tecnológica, as Indústrias começaram a evoluir seus métodos de trabalho, passando a usar a tecnologia, de forma a melhorar todo o processo produtivo. A Indústria 4.0, também chamada de Quarta Revolução Industrial tem como principal característica a aplicação de tecnologias, a manufatura avançada e a modernização, tendo como principal objetivo o uso de máquinas e objetos inteligentes. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é trazer o conceito da indústria 4.0, evidenciando aspectos da manufatura avançada, descrevendo também os desafios e oportunidades vivenciados pelas organizações que se adequam ao formato dessa modalidade de indústria. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi de revisão de literatura. O critério de inclusão dos artigos pesquisados está relacionado ao idioma (português) e a data de publicação (últimos dez anos). A literatura estudada traz os conceitos e evoluções tecnológicas pelas quais as indústrias passaram, evidenciando que a Indústria 4.0 traz em seu contexto a suma dos processos dos grandes avanços tecnológicos e que será sempre uma tendência no mercado que tem como principal característica o uso da tecnologia digital.