bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gabapentin as a drug with a broad potential. Presentation of its use in medical conditions beyond the official registration
Authors: Banasiak Aleksandra Paulina , Pierzchała Jakub Rafał , Katarzyna Bednarz  , Kasprowicz Jakub , Banaś Patryk , Sobańska Natalia , Teichman Rafał , Adamus Justyna , Abram Kamila , Hyjek Michał
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Gabapentin is a drug used for monotherapy or adjunctive therapy of simple and complex partial epileptic seizures in adults and children. It is also used to treat neuropathic pain for adults. There are reports in the medical literature of the effective use of gabapentin in the treatment of other conditions. Let's take a closer look at its therapeutic potential.Aim of the study: The overview of current literature knowledge about the usage of gabapentin in various medical conditions within the fields of toxicology, dermatology, gynecology, psychiatry branches' issues, with indicating the potential abuse. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the literature available in the PubMed database, using the keywords.Results: Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant drug structurally similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is considered to be a centrally acting analog of GABA, nevertheless, it presents a different molecular mechanism comparing to the other drugs that affect GABA-ergic transmission. The registered indications for its use are the treatment of seizures within adults and children and neuropathic pain in adults. The literature reveals that gabapentin is also used in the treatment of alcohol abuse disorders within the patients with alcohol withdrawal symptoms, the treatment of pruritus, hot flashes during menopause and the treatment of anxiety disorder. Summary: Due to the ambiguous effects of gabapentin usage, it can be applied to treat various medical conditions. Nevertheless, the usage of this drug described in the literature requires additional studies on a larger group of patients to confirm the findings.
EVALUATION OF COMPOSITE DCB DELAMINATION GROWTH BY COMBINING EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: LI GANG , RENAUD GUILLAUME
Published: October 2022

A study of quasi-static mode I delamination in a laminated unidirectional composite double cantilever beam (DCB) configuration was conducted experimentally and numerically. A two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) correction method that consisted of a series of analyses of the DCB compliances at different delamination lengths was conducted to establish an analytical correlation between the delamination length and the DCB opening compliance. This analytical correlation was then used to determine the delamination length provided the experimentally measured compliance. Consequently, the problematic delamination lengths generated from in-situ optical measurement were evaluated and corrected. Also, the fracture resistance curve was updated using the corrected delamination lengths. Good agreement in the loaddisplacement variation was then obtained between the experimental results and the subsequent 2D DCB FE modelling results using cohesive elements. Commentaries on the DCB quasi-static failure analysis and modelling using the cohesive zone modelling technique and the virtual crack closure technique were also provided.
OPTIMUM CONVERSION OF DESIGN OPTIMIZED FIBER PATHS TO 3D PRINTABLE G-CODES
Authors: YAP TIMOTHY , TAMIJANI ALI , TEHRANI MEHRAN
Published: October 2022

Topology and fiber path optimizations result in the ideal design of the shape and fiber placement, respectively, in composite structures subjected to certain loads and constraints. Advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) can enable such designs to be manufactured. Specifically, the use of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) in AM or automated fiber placement (AFP) allows for 3D printing of such topology and fiber path optimized designs. However, fiber path optimization methods generally result in a collection of fibers in loops (closed loops) that are impossible to print, and lines (open loops), which may be too short to print depending on the system. Additionally, placement of discontinuities, i.e., where a fiber path ends inside a part, can result in stress concentrations that degrade the part performance. This paper introduces an approach to automatically convert the collection of closed and open loops into printable set(s) of fibers. An additional optional consideration of stress concenterations can be provided to the algorithm, which is demonstrated using finite element analysis (FEA) for enhanced structural performance.
LOW VELOCITY IMPACT EXPERIMENTS OF S-2 GLASS-EPOXY COMPOSITES UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: DOSHI SAGAR M. , SAMUEL PAUL D. , ALI MOLLA A. , STACK ANDREW J. , HAQUE BAZLE Z. (GAMA) , DEITZEL JOSEPH M. , GILLESPIE, JR. JOHN W.
Published: October 2022

S-2 glass-epoxy composites are used in damage tolerant structural applications such as military ground vehicles due to their high specific strength, stiffness, and energy-absorbing capabilities. Composites can be susceptible to delamination failure caused due to high interlaminar shear stresses when subjected to transverse impact loading. While fiber fracture, fiber pullout, matrix cracking, and delaminations are the major damage mechanisms, delamination is a significant energy absorbing failure mode in low-velocity impacts (LVI). LVI leads to a reduction of stiffness and residual strength, which is critical for structural integrity. To improve the delamination resistance, researchers have used various types of interlayers for composites subjected to impacts. In this research, LVI experiments are conducted on composites made using plain weave S-2 glass and SC-15 epoxy resin. Two types of specimens are tested, 'baseline' (without interlayer) and 'interlayer' (with thermoplastic interlayer UAF 472). A Dynatup 9200 drop tower with a hemi-cylindrical 12.7 mm impactor is used. The specimens are impacted (40J) at three temperatures, -55C, RT, and 76C. The stiffness before and after the LVI test is evaluated, and the influence of temperature and impacts on stiffness change is discussed, along with the mechanisms that cause the change in stiffness. The interlayer specimens have significantly smaller delamination areas, and the stiffness loss due to impact is also reduced (compared to baseline) at each temperature. However, since the properties of the resin and the TPU deteriorate at elevated temperatures, there is a drastic stiffness loss in interlayer specimens at elevated temperatures in the pristine, non-impacted samples.
EFFECT OF LOW VELOCITY IMPACT ON THE COMPRESSIVE LOAD CARRYING CAPABILITY OF THICK COMPOSITES
Authors: SEAMONE ANDREW A. , DAVIDSON PAUL , WAAS ANTHONY M. , RANATUNGA VIPUL
Published: October 2022

The use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in modern aircraft has become common as a result of the advantage in the strength to weight ratio the material provides. A limitation to using CFRPs on aircraft stem from their low resistance to low velocity impact (LVI) damage. In these instances, LVI causes barely visible impact damage (BVID) such that the indication of impact on the structure is barely noticeable. These impacts have the potential to generate fiber and matrix failure and cause delamination between lamina which ultimately reduces the compressive load carrying capability of the composite. This study performs an experimental analysis on the knockdown in compressive load carrying capability over a range of impact energies that produce BVID on thick composite panels of 40, 48, and 56 plies.
Mathematical modeling and experimental verification of aging human eyes polarization sensitivity
Authors: Wang Qi , Bryanston-Cross Peter J. , Li Yahong , Liu Zhiying
Published: October 2022

The polarization perception sensitivity of the human eyes affects the perceived polarized image quality. In this paper, we used polarized spatiotemporal structured images to develop a spatiotemporal age mapping of the polarization perception of human eyes. We built an optical modulation transfer function mathematical model of the aging human eyes with spatiotemporal frequency domains and introduced the Stokes vector to analyze the polarized images. The proposed model provides a testing method based on a set of polarization images with spatiotemporal frequencies varying according to the perception of differently aged viewers. Then, we experimentally validated the proposed model by performing polarization perception tests on a group of volunteers. The test method has the diagnostic potential to confirm the health of human eyes and identify potential age-related macular diseases.
Optical monitoring of detergent pollutants in greywater
Authors: Lahoz Fernando , de Armas-Rillo Sergio , Hernández-Rodríguez Cecilio , Gil-Rostra Jorge , Yubero Francisco
Published: October 2022

Large amount of wastewater is produced by washing machines and dishwashers, which are used in a daily basis. This domestic wastewater generated in households or office buildings (also called greywater) is drained directly to the drainpipes without differentiation from that with fecal contamination from toilets. Detergents are arguably the pollutants most frequently found in greywater from home appliances. Their concentrations vary in the successive stages in a wash cycle, which could be taken into account in a rational design of home appliances wastewater management. Analytical chemistry procedures are commonly used to determine the pollutant content in wastewater. They require collecting samples and their transport to properly equipped laboratories, which hampers real time wastewater management. In this paper, optofluidic devices based on planar Fabry-Perot microresonators operating in transmission mode in the visible and near infrared spectral ranges have been studied to determine the concentration of five brands of soap dissolved in water. It is found that the spectral positions of the optical resonances redshift when the soap concentration increases in the corresponding solutions. Experimental calibration curves of the optofluidic device were used to determine the soap concentration of wastewater from the successive stages of a washing machine wash cycle either loaded with garments or unloaded. Interestingly, the analysis of the optical sensor indicated that the greywater from the last water discharge of the wash cycle could be reused for gardening or agriculture. The integration of this kind of microfluidic devices into the home appliances design could lead to reduce our hydric environmental impact.
Performance evaluation of discrete Raman amplifiers in coherent transmission systems
Authors: Hazarika Pratim , Tan Mingming , Iqbal Md Asif , Phillips Ian , Harper Paul , Stone Jeffery S. , Li Ming Jun , Forysiak Wladek
Published: October 2022

We evaluate the performance penalty due to discrete Raman amplifier (DRA) in a long haul WDM transmission system. The investigation was primarily performed to study the impact of the accumulated nonlinear noise due to fibre chromatic dispersion and nonlinear coefficient(γ). Nonlinear fibres such as inverse dispersion fibre (IDF), dispersion compensation fibre (DCF) and a development fibre known as the Corning Raman fibre (CRF) with the opposite sign of CD to the other two, were taken as the gain fibre in the DRA stage of the long-haul transmission setup. To study the performance penalty with these Raman gain fibres a 30 GBaud 120 Gb/s DP-QPSK channel @1550 nm was combined with 9 spectrally shaped 50 GHz amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) channels for transmission over a recirculation loop with a per loop length of 63 km single mode fibre (SMF). Our modelling and experimental results show that a fibre with positive dispersion >10ps/nm/km and a nonlinear coefficient of ∼ 4W-1km-1 is a good choice of gain fibre for DRA-assisted coherent transmission system.
The law of non-usage attrition in a technology-based behavioral intervention for black adults with poor cardiovascular health
Authors: Idris Muhammed Y. , Mubasher Mohamed , Alema-Mensah Ernest , Awad Christopher , Vordzorgbe Kofi , Ofili Elizabeth , Ali Quyyumi Arshed , Pemu Priscilla
Published: October 2022

Digital health innovations, such as telehealth and remote monitoring, have shown promise in addressing patient barriers to accessing evidence-based programs and providing a scalable path for tailored behavioral interventions that support self-management skills, knowledge acquisition and promotion of relevant behavioral change. However, significant attrition continues to plague internet-based studies, a result we believe can be attributed to characteristics of the intervention, or individual user characteristics. In this paper, we provide the first analysis of determinants of non usage attrition in a randomized control trial of a technology-based intervention for improving self-management behaviors among Black adults who face increased cardiovascular risk factors. We introduce a different way to measure nonusage attrition that considers usage over a specific period of time and estimate a cox proportional hazards model of the impact of intervention factors and participant demographics on the risk of a nonusage event. Our results indicated that not having a coach (compared to having a coach) decreases the risk of becoming an inactive user by 36% (HR = .63, P = 0.04). We also found that several demographic factors can influence Non-usage attrition: The risk of nonusage attrition amongst those who completed some college or technical school (HR = 2.91, P = 0.04) or graduated college (HR = 2.98, P = 0.047) is significantly higher when compared to participants who did not graduate high school. Finally, we found that the risk of nonsage attrition among participants with poor cardiovascular from “at-risk” neighborhoods with higher morbidity and mortality rates related to CVD is significantly higher when compared to participants from “resilient” neighborhoods (HR = 1.99, P = 0.03). Our results underscore the importance of understanding challenges to the use of mhealth technologies for cardiovascular health in underserved communities. Addressing these unique barriers is essential, because a lack of diffusion of digital health innovations exacerbates health disparities.
Direct and indirect costs attributed to alcohol consumption in Brazil, 2010 to 2018
Authors: de Freitas Mariana Gonçalves , Silva Everton Nunes da
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Alcohol consumption is the main risk factor for death and disability in the world population between 15 to 49 years old, is related to more than 200 causes of death, and has an important economic impact on the health and social security systems. In 2016, three million deaths were attributable to alcohol worldwide and 131.4 million DALYs. In Brazil, alcohol consumption per inhabitant was 7.8 liters in 2016; and the prevalence of abusive consumption was 17.1% in 2019.

Objective

Estimate the costs attributable of alcohol consumption in the Brazilian population 18 years-old and over, in the period 2010 to 2018.

Methods

This is a prevalence-based cost-of-illness study, with a top-down and retrospective approach, including direct costs (hospital and outpatient) and indirect costs (absenteeism from work) related to alcohol consumption. A list of diseases and conditions for which alcohol is a risk factor was used, and the Population Attributable Risk (PAR) was calculated to estimate what portion of the cost of these diseases is attributable to alcohol consumption. Prevalence was calculated by sex and level of alcohol consumption, based on data from the 2019 National Health Survey. Relative risk data were identified by disease/injury and level of daily consumption obtained from the Global Burden Disease study in 2017. The cost data used are from the Brazilian Unified Health System and social security system. All costs were adjusted for inflation for the period and converted to purchasing power parity.

Results

Prevalence data revealed that 73.6% of the Brazilian population reported not consuming alcoholic beverages, which included 62.9% of men and 83.0% of women. The lowest values for the PAR were found at the consumption range of 60 grams per day. Although the 12 grams per day consumption category is the least in terms of the quantity of alcohol consumed, it is one of the main ones in terms of PAR, given the higher prevalence of consumption. The total cost attributable to alcohol between 2010 and 2018 was Int$ 1,487,417,115.43, of which Int$ 737,834,696.89 was for hospital expenses, Int$ 416,052,029.75 for outpatient care, and Int$ 333,530,388.79 due to absenteeism from work.

Conclusion

Few comprehensive studies of alcohol-related costs have been developed, which suggests a knowledge gap in Brazil and worldwide and indicates the need for more research in this area. Understanding the economic impact of alcohol consumption is essential to help measure this public health problem in all its aspects and encourage implementation of public policies.
Nothing really changed: Arizona patient experience of methadone and buprenorphine access during COVID
Authors: Meyerson Beth E. , Bentele Keith G. , Russell Danielle M. , Brady Benjamin R. , Downer Missy , Garcia Roberto C. , Garnett Irene , Lutz Rebecca , Mahoney Arlene , Samorano Savannah , Arredondo Christina , Andres Honey J. , Coles Haley , Granillo Brenda
Published: October 2022

Objective

To understand patient experience of federal regulatory changes governing methadone and buprenorphine (MOUD) access in Arizona during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This community-based participatory and action research study involved one-hour, audio-recorded field interviews conducted with 131 people who used methadone and/or buprenorphine to address opioid use disorder at some point during COVID (January 1, 2020- March 31, 2021) in Arizona. Transcribed data were analyzed using a priori codes focused on federally recommended flexibilities governing MOUD access. Data were quantitated to investigate associations with COVID risk and services access.

Results

Telehealth was reported by 71.0% of participants, but the majority were required to come to the clinic to attend video appointments with an offsite provider. Risk for severe COVID outcomes was reported by 40.5% of the sample. Thirty-eight percent of the sample and 39.7% of methadone patients were required to be at the clinic daily to get medication and 47.6% were at high risk for COVID severe outcomes. About half (54.2%) of methadone patients indicated that some form of multi-day take home dosing was offered at their clinic, and 45.8% were offered an extra day or two of multi-day doses; but no participants received the federally allowed 14- or 28-day methadone take-home doses for unstable and stable patients respectively. All participants expressed that daily clinic visits interrupted their work and home lives and desired more take-home dosing and home delivery options.

Conclusions

MOUD patients in Arizona were not offered many of the federally allowed flexibilities for access that were designed to reduce their need to be at the clinic. To understand the impact of these recommended treatment changes in Arizona, and other states where they were not well implemented, federal and state regulators must mandate these changes and support MOUD providers to implement them.
Psychological impact, coping behaviors, and traumatic stress among healthcare workers during COVID-19 in Taiwan: An early stage experience
Authors: Lee Meng-Chun , Chen Cheng-Hsu , Hsieh Pei-Hsuan , Ling Cheng-Hua , Yang Cheng-Chia , Chang Yu-Chia , Yeh Li-Yeuh , Hung Hung-Chang , Yeh Te-Feng
Published: October 2022

Objective

This study investigated the psychological impact on, coping behaviors of, and traumatic stress experienced by healthcare workers during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic and formulated effective support strategies that can be implemented by hospitals and government policymakers to help healthcare staff overcome the pandemic.

Methods

This cross-sectional study recruited clinical healthcare workers at a regional hospital in Nantou County, Taiwan. The questionnaire collected personal characteristics, data on the impact and coping behaviors of the pandemic, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). A total of 354 valid questionnaires were collected. The statistical methods employed were univariate and multivariate stepwise regression, and logistic regression.

Results

Perceived impact and coping behaviors were found to be moderate in degree, and traumatic stress was lower than that in other countries. However, our data identified the following subgroups that require special attention: those with young age, those living with minor children, nurses, those with self-rated poor mental health, and those with insufficient COVID-19-related training.

Conclusion

Managers should pay particular attention to helping healthcare workers in high-risk groups, strengthen COVID-19 training, provide adequate protective equipment and shelter, and offer psychological counseling.
Diversity of resources in intercultural learning in multicultural and multilingual Plovdiv
Authors: Dikova Lyudmila , Petrova Elka
Published: October 2022

The poster presents part of the questionnaire survey results to establish different practices for multicultural interaction in an educational environment. The study was conducted by the "Education and enlightenment work" team of the KП-06-ОПР05/8 project "Plovdiv - from a multilingual and multicultural centre of Eastern Rumelia to a European capital of culture". The questions are provided for completion in electronic format and anonymously. The participants are teachers of various subjects from schools in the Plovdiv region who volunteered to fill out the survey. For the project activity, it was essential to study what resources, methods, and actions are applied in learning to make sense of intercultural interaction. For this purpose, a particular question was included in the survey. The choice could be between different resources, which were typological according to the most frequently applied in educational practice: text, image, or digital. An opportunity is also provided to describe other resources, methods, and activities specific to the teacher's training. The questionnaire was promoted through the project site blogs.uni-plovdiv.net/plovdivproject. At this stage, it was filled by 84 teachers of various subjects. The results are visualised in the poster diagram based on analysing and systematising the participants' answers. It shows that teachers often rely on digital resources, which syncs with current educational trends. The authors express sincere gratitude to the Scientific Research Fund at the Ministry of Education and Science and the "Scientific and Project Activity" Division at Plovdiv University "PaisiiHilendarski" for aiding the research.
Estabelecimento de metas de redução de mortes no trânsito nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Borges dos Santos Pedro Augusto , Igarashi André Victor , Vieira Garonce Francisco , Guimarães Júnior Paulo Roberto , Bastos Jorge Tiago
Published: October 2022

O estabelecimento de metas de redução de mortes no trânsito constitui-se de uma etapa fundamental do processo de gestão da segurança viária. O Plano Nacional de Redução de Mortes e Lesões no Trânsito (PNATRANS) estabelece metas de redução de mortes e lesões no trânsito, fixando reduções de 50% nos índices de mortes por 100 mil habitantes e mortes por 10 mil veículos, em um prazo de 10 anos. Porém não é abordado no documento como as metas estaduais e a meta nacional devem ser incorporadas pelos gestores dos municípios brasileiros de forma individualizada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo sugerir metas de redução de mortes no trânsito nos municípios brasileiros. A metodologia incluiu o emprego da Análise de Componentes Principais e a clusterização por k-means para o agrupamento de municípios segundo três categorias de indicadores referentes ao triênio 2017-2019: indicadores de resultado final, indicadores de resultado intermediário e indicadores socioeconômicos. Esse processo resultou na formação de 77 agrupamentos de municípios, baseados em 12 variáveis, para os quais a meta individual foi estabelecida por meio da aplicação do ciclo de benchmarking. Como resultado, foram obtidas metas de redução de mortes no trânsito para cada município brasileiro, as quais, se acumuladas, resultaram em uma meta de redução nacional de 56%, valor similar ao preconizado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde no horizonte até 2030.
Association of affective disorders and MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR gene polymorphisms: preliminary results of a family study
Authors: Kasyanov E. D. , Zhilyaeva T. V. , Maso G. E.
Published: October 2022

Genetic polymorphisms associated with impaired one-carbon metabolism (1-CM) can be a risk factor not only for somatic and neurological diseases, but also for affective disorders (AD).

Objective: to compare the frequency of genetic polymorphisms MTHFR, MTR, MTRR associated with 1-CM disorders among patients with AD, their blood relatives and healthy individuals.

Patients and methods. This cross-sectional study of the frequency of genetic polymorphisms (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR) associated with 1-CM included patients with AD (n=24), their blood relatives (n=40), as well as a group of healthy individuals (n=35). All study participants underwent a structured diagnostic interview, as well as genetic analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results and discussion. Patients with AD were statistically more likely to carry the minor allele C of the 1298A>C polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and the minor allele G of the 2756A>G polymorphism of the MTR gene compared to the group of healthy individuals. The minor allele T of the 677C>T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene was associated with longer depressive episodes, as well as with the presence of concomitant cardiovascular diseases in blood relatives of patients with AD.

Conclusion. Genetic polymorphisms associated with 1-CM may contribute to familial aggregation of AD and somatic diseases. Further highquality family studies using molecular genetic methods are needed.
Impact of work and study during pandemic on the mental state of medical professionals
Authors: Medvedev V. E. , Dogotar O. A. , Lyzlova N. Yu.
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a heavy increase in the incidence of development/exacerbation of mental disorders in healthcare workers. The relevance and importance of early detection of predisposition to the development of mental disorders is increasing not only among practicing physicians, but also among clinical residents and students of medical universities.

Objective: to assess the emotional state in different groups of medical workers and medical students.

Patients and methods. The study involved 110 doctors of both sexes, including 64 (68.2%) women and 46 (41.8%) men aged 26–40 years who took upgrade training courses at the RUDN University departments; 108 residents of the second year of study aged 24–26, of which 67 (62.1%) women and 41 (37.9%) men, and 43 students of the 1st year of RUDN University aged 17–19, of which 29 (67.4%) women and 14 (32.6%) men. The study was conducted in February–May 2021. The research methods included questionnaires and psychometric assessment of the condition of the subjects and statistical data processing.

Results and discussion. We documented a high frequency of signs of psychopathological disorders such as anxiety (44.5%), depression (23.6%), asthenia (86.4%) and eating behavior disorders (up to 68.2%) among practicing physicians of various specialties and students (residents and students) during pandemic.

Conclusion. The stressful impact of the pandemic on the work and training of medical professionals leads to a deterioration in their mental health.
Clinical and genetic associations of the CLOCK circadian rhythm gene and depressive disorders in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome during the period of alcohol abstinence
Authors: Tulbaeva N. R. , Nasyrova R. F. , Smirnova D. A. , Ashurov Z. Sh. , Efremov I. S. , Dobrodeeva V. S. , Abdrakhmanova A. E. , Asadullin A. R.
Published: October 2022

About 20% of patients with depression are diagnosed with alcohol dependence, and alcohol dependent individuals are at a higher risk of developing depression. A number of authors point to the relationship of CLOCK gene activity with both affective disorders and alcohol use/dependence disorders; in particular, variations in the CLOCK gene at the evidence level link to depression and stress.

Objective: to establish clinical and genetic associations of the CLOCK circadian rhythm gene and depressive disorders during the period of abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome.

Patients and methods. From June 2019 to December 2022, 402 patients (mean age 42.47±7.5 years) were examined, who underwent outpatient follow-up at a narcological dispensary not earlier than 1 month after and not later than 2 months after discharge from the hospital. All patients were diagnosed with middle-stage alcohol dependence syndrome, early remission phase. Depending on the presence of an episode of depression at the time of the examination, the main group (patients with a depressive disorder; n=128) and a comparison group (patients without a depressive disorder; n=274) were formed. Clinical interviews and psychometric study using the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Scale, were conducted for all the subjects. All subjects provided 10 ml venous blood samples for molecular, genetic and biochemical studies.

Results and discussion. Correlations were found between the carriage of the TT genotype of the CLOCK gene in patients with alcohol dependence and concomitant clinical depression. Carrying the TT genotype of the CLOCK gene is presumably associated with the predominance of the following symptoms of depression, which demonstrated statistically significant differences: loss of appetite, impaired concentration, apathy, as well as with a higher overall score on the MADRS depression scale. The established association between the CLOCK gene and depression in people with alcohol dependence can be considered as a vulnerability factor in relation to the development of depression in patients with the underlying disease – alcohol dependence syndrome.

Conclusion. The CLOCK gene is associated with the development of depression in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. Carriers of the TT genotype of the CLOCK gene (rs1801260) to a greater extent than carriers of other genotypes are characterized by the development of comorbid depression, as well as the predominance of such clinical symptoms as loss of appetite, impaired concentration, apathy, and a higher overall score on the MADRS depression scale.
The relationship between dissociative experiences and childhood trauma in nursing and midwifery students
Authors: Arabpour F. F. , Amini Sh. , Bidaki R. , Ashtari R. , Sepehri F. , Moghadam Ahmadi A. , Bakhshi H. , Bozorg B.
Published: October 2022

Objective: dissociative disorders usually have a poor prognosis. Childhood trauma is one of the most important predisposing factors for it. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dissociative experiences with childhood abuse, in nursing and midwifery students of Rafsanjan University Medical Science.

Patients and methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out in nursing and midwifery students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. The students were asked to complete Dissociative Experience (DES) and Traumatic Life Events Questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test and pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis.

Results and discussion. The prevalence of moderate and severe dissociative experiences among the participated students was about 38%. Nearly 50% of the students reported to have moderate to severe childhood injuries. Significantly higher dissociative experiences scores were observed in men compare with women (P=0.015). Moderate correlations were detected between subscales of childhood traumatic life events questionnaire and dissociative experiences score (P<0.05). Conclusion. The prevalence of dissociative experiences among the studied students was moderately high which revealed the necessity and importance of psychological counseling among health professional students. A positive correlation was detected between dissociative disorders and traumatic events. Therefore, in order to reduce the chance of dissociative disorder, childhood psychological counseling is necessary in children who have had traumatic events. Keywords: dissociative disorders, adult survivors of child adverse events, nursing, midwifery>˂ 0.05).

Conclusion. The prevalence of dissociative experiences among the studied students was moderately high which revealed the necessity and importance of psychological counseling among health professional students. A positive correlation was detected between dissociative disorders and traumatic events. Therefore, in order to reduce the chance of dissociative disorder, childhood psychological counseling is necessary in children who have had traumatic events.
Current view on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders exacerbations
Authors: Krasnov V. S. , Prakhova L. N. , Totolyan N. A.
Published: October 2022

Irreversible neurological deficit and disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NOSD) are formed as a result of exacerbations, which are often life-threatening. Timely diagnosis and treatment of exacerbations is a key task in the management of this category of patients. A unified structured approach to the diagnosis and treatment of NOSD exacerbations has not been developed. The purpose of this article is to analyze the scientific literature data on this issue in order to optimize the diagnostics and treatment of NOSD exacerbations in everyday clinical practice.
Dysphagia in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Koberskaya N. N.
Published: October 2022

The article highlights the problem of dysphagia, which is often present in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a rule, at advanced stages of the disease and significantly complicates the management of this group of patients. Issues of age-related physiologic swallowing changes are considered. Mechanisms of dysphagia development in the elderly and in AD patients are discussed. It is noted that in AD areas of the cerebral cortex, involved in the act of normal swallowing are affected. The most dangerous complication of dysphagia is aspiration, which increases the risk of pneumonia and death. It is noted that dysphagia in patients with AD leads to weight loss and increased dependence on nutrition. Weight loss increases the risk of opportunistic infections in patients with AD. In the case of dysphagia symptoms development, pill administration causes great problems. In this scenario, the solution is the use of dispersible or liquid forms of drugs. We describe a clinical case of severe AD in which a dispersible form of memantine, Memoritab, was used. The complications associated with dysphagia in patients with AD highlight the importance of early detection and treatment of this symptom. Understanding the specific pathological processes of the underlying disease that contribute to the development of dysphagia is necessary in order to adapt the treatment of patients in a timely fashion.
Well-Developed Coronary Collateral Circulation Is Associated With Higher Thrombus Burden in the Setting of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Vural Aslı , Kurt Devrim , Karagöz Ahmet , Günaydın Zeki Yüksel
Published: October 2022

Background

This study investigated the relationship between coronary collateral circulation (CCC) and intracoronary thrombus burden in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). CCC and thrombus burden are predictive of clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI.

Methods

Patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled (n = 172). CCC was graded according to the Cohen–Rentrop classification. Patients were classified as insufficient (grade 0 or 1, n = 134) or well-developed (grade 2 or 3; n = 38) CCC. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction scale was used to evaluate intra-coronary thrombus burden. The low-thrombus-burden group comprised those with grades 0 to 2, and the high-thrombus-burden group comprised those with grades 3 or 4.

Results

Right coronary artery infarcts had a 13.830-fold higher chance of having well-developed CCC than did left anterior descending artery infarcts (P < .001). Circumflex artery infarcts had a 7.904-fold higher chance of well-developed CCC than did left anterior descending artery infarcts (P = .016). High thrombus burden was associated with a 4.393-fold higher chance for well-developed CCC than was low thrombus burden (P = .030). Low albumin levels were related to a greater chance of having well-developed CCC (P = .046).

Conclusion

Patients with well-developed CCC have higher thrombus burden than do those with insufficient CCC. Because well-developed CCC is an indicator of more severe underlying lesions, we speculate that patients with severe lesions are more prone to experience more complicated STEMI with high thrombus burden.
La Educación para el desarrollo sostenible en la educación superior: El efecto de las áreas del conocimiento en las concepciones del profesorado universitario
Authors: Zúñiga Sánchez Oscar , Marúm Espinosa Elia , Rodríguez Armenta Carmen Enedina
Published: October 2022

En México, las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) han adoptado las mejores prácticas a efecto de incorporar la perspectiva de la sostenibilidad en el proceso de docencia, sin lograr aún hacer cambios transcendentales en su estructura y en su gestión académica para integrar esta perspectiva en el trabajo docente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar el efecto que tienen las áreas del conocimiento en las nociones que prevalecen en el profesorado respecto del concepto de Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (EDS) en el contexto de la docencia. Se aplicó una encuesta de manera transversal a docentes adscritos a un cuerpo académico (CA) de 26 IES mexicanas, empleando un método de muestreo mixto y estadísticos inferenciales. Los resultados muestran que el concepto de EDS adquiere, para quienes son docentes, interpretaciones diferentes en función del área de conocimiento a la cual pertenecen. Este hallazgo tiene implicaciones no sólo en las políticas públicas de incentivos como el Programa de Desarrollo del Profesorado (PRODEP), sino también en las formas de estructuración de la docencia en las IES, las cuales continúan manteniendo modelos que generan barreras disciplinares e inhiben el trabajo inter y transdisciplinar, como lo requiere la EDS.
Energiegerechtigkeit im Windenergieausbau – Finanzielle Teilhabe als Möglichkeit zur Stärkung lokaler Akzeptanz?
Authors: Olbrich Sarah , Fünfgeld Hartmut
Published: October 2022

Onshore wind energy development is often delayed or even prevented by local resistance. Against this backdrop, we discuss financial participation as a measure to promote local acceptance by positively influencing the perceived experience of justice. Building on the concept of energy justice, this paper investigates the extent to which different forms of financial participation are suitable for better distributing costs and benefits, creating opportunities for participation, and examining who can participate financially. In addition to a comprehensive literature review, interviews were conducted with wind turbine planners and operators. These show that stakeholders engage in financial participation to different degrees across different projects and that the preferred form of participation varies from one region to another. Moreover, no model of financial participation appears to be suited to address all dimensions of energy justice, as all models are characterised by certain advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the availability of financial participation options alone is unlikely to increase local acceptance. Such options can, however, be effective when combined with other measures to increase acceptance.
Phonological Processes of English Loanwords From French: A Transformational Generative Phonology Approach
Authors: Prihandani Rizka Ayu , Subiyanto Agus
Published: October 2022

English lexicon has borrowed from 84 languages with French as the most important donor (Bielenia-Grajewska, 2009). English borrowed a great number of lexicon from French in Norman Conquest period. French which had status as high language in a diglosia situation influenced English in superstate borrowing. The main reason for borrowing is to provide words from the source language variety when there is no suitable existing words in the target language (Rao, 2018). This paper aims at describing the phonological process in the English loanwords from French. The data were collected from two online dictionaries; Larousse Francais-Anglais Dictionary and Oxford Living Dictionary. The data are English loanwords from French enlisted under categories A and B in the dictionaries. The method used to analyze the data was distributional method. The results show that Assimilation occurs in 29 loanwords or 6.6% of the total process which makes Assimilation process the least in number of the total process. Neutralization covers 7.8% with 34 loanwords. Syllable Structure is undergone by 63 loanwords or 14.3% of the total process. Strengthening occurs in 117 loanwords or 26.7% of the total process. Weakening covers 43.6% of the total process with 191 loanwords. Therefore, Weakening is the phonological process most found in the study.
Kegiatan Pelestarian Arsip dalam Mengantisipasi Ancaman Bencana di Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari
Authors: Wijayanti Dhafin Rizqin , Arfa Mecca
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari Kecamatan Ngadirejo melakukan preservasi preventif arsip vital yang dimiliki sebagai upaya antisipasi terhadap bencana. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan action research. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik pemilihan informan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari belum maksimal dalam melakukan preservasi preventif arsip vital dengan keadaan lokasi Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari yang berada di lereng gunung Sindoro yang bertatus aktif. Tindakan yang dilakukan Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari dalam preservasi preventif arsip vital dengan menyimpan fisik arsip vital pada filling cabinet. Kemudian peneliti mengadakan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), hasil dari FGD kemudian disepakati untuk pembuatan pedoman preservasi preventif arsip vital, serta diterapkan sebagai alat bantu tahapan-tahapan proses preservasi preventif arsip vital. Setelah dilakukan penerapan buku pedoman preservasi preventif arsip vital berdampak positif bagi staf, dengan melaksanakan tindakan preservasi preventif secara runtut demi melindungi isi dan fisik arsip vital di Kantor Pemerintahan Desa Munggangsari.
Peran Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dalam Penyediaan Sumber Daya Informasi Elektronik sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Infodemi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Jumino Jumino , Mu’alifah Oktavia Lutfi
Published: October 2022

Penelitian yang berjudul Peran Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dalam Penyediaan Sumber Daya Informasi Elektronik sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Infodemi pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dilatarbelakangi oleh munculnya ledakan informasi terkait pandemi Covid-19 sehingga menyebabkan rasa ketakutan dan kekhawatiran yang berlebih serta perilaku yang tidak wajar dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dalam penyediaan sumber daya informasi elektronik sebagai upaya mengatasi infodemi pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Fenomena infodemi merupakan banjir besar informasi baik valid maupun tidak yang menjadikan manusia kesulitan dalam menemukan sumber informasi terkait Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyediaan sumber daya informasi elektronik oleh Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia sebagai upaya mengatasi infodemi pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yaitu ePustaka Corona Pedia di iPusnas yang dianggap paling tepat. Koleksi digital ePustaka Corona Pedia berasal dari sumber-sumber yang sudah tidak diragukan lagi, seperti Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Satuan Tugas Penanganan Covid-19, Ikatan Pustakawan Indonesia. Meskipun demikian Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia memiliki tantangan untuk dapat lebih mengoptimalkan jasa layanan informasi Corona Pedia kepada masyarakat yaitu dengan memperkenalkan atau mendiseminasikan informasi Corona Pedia kepada masyarakat luas.
Perbandingan Kosa Kata Bahasa Melayu Patani (Thailand) antara Dialek Yala dan Menara dalam Ranah Masyarakat
Authors: Kengmalaphi Nur Laila , Muallimin Muallimin
Published: October 2022

Pada bahasa Melayu Patani (Thailand) terdapat dialek Yala dan Menara. Kedua dialek tersebut digunakan dalam ranah masyarakat Patani. Penelitian ini mengkaji perbedaan antara kedua dialek tersebut, khususnya dalam hal kosakata dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa percakapan yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Patani, baik dialek Yala maupun dialek Menara. Ada terdapat 45 kosa kata yang dibandingkan antara dialek Yala dan Menara. Selain kata, ada 8 frasa yang dibandingkan antara Dialek Yala dan Dialek Menara. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian masyarakat patani merupakan masyarakat yang memiliki bahasa yang unik dalam komunikasi, yaitu pertama, bahasa Melayu Patani dialeknya berbeda dengan bahasa Melayu lainnya. Ciri kedua yaitu bahwa dalam bahasa Melayu Patani banyak menyingkatkan kalimat seperti "Nak gi mana"  untuk pertanyaan 'Hendak pergi kemana ?". Yang ketiga, Bahasa Melayu merupakan linguafranca, bahasa yang diguankan oleh masyarakat Melayu dan Thai, berupa campur kode antara bahasa Melayu dengan bahsa Thai.Wilayah Yala dan Pattani masih tergolong dalam dialek yang sama karena kedua wilayah tersebut mempunyai jarak yang sangat dekat dan memiliki variasi dan latar belakang yang sama. Sementara itu, Dialek Menara lebih dekat dengan bahasa Melayu standar karena secara geografis lebih dekat bahasa yang digunakan di Malaysia.
Dinamika Dimensi Budaya Kerajinan Ukir Jepara : Dari Seni Hias Dinding Masjid Mantingan Menuju Pasar Internasional
Authors: Indrahti Sri
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini mendiskripsikan tetang proses masuknya pemodal asing  serta pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dalam pengelolaan industri kerjainan ukir di Jepara (1980-2010). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah; mengidentifikasi masalah-masalah yang dihadapi industri kerajinan ukir    dalam menghadapi pemodal asing di Jepara, menemukan dan mendiskripsikan secara menyeluruh reaksi yang muncul, menemukan dan menganalisis interaksi sosial budaya orang asing dan orang pribumi, menemukan dan menganalisis proses datang-perginya pemodal asing, pengaruh yang ditimbulkan bagi keberlangsungan industri kerajinan ukir. Penelitian ini menggunakan  data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer, antara lain  arsip yang tersimpan di Dinarpus Jepara maupun Semarang, Dinas Perdagangan dan perindustrian Jepara tentang PMA dan PMDN, serta unit usaha kerajinan ukir.  Data sekunder antara lain majalah bulanan Gema Bumi Kartini bulanan terbitan Pemkab Jepara, jurnal, hasil penelitian yang relevan dengan industri kerajinan ukir Jepara pada periode penulisan. Fakta di lapangan akan dilengkapi dengan wawancara  informan pelaku, pengambil kebijakan serta komunitas yang mempunyai kepedulian pada sektor keberlangsungan industri kerajinan ukir. Tahap terakhir adalah historiografi dengan merekonstruksi  berdasarkan data yang diperoleh melalui proses pengujian dan analisis kritis, untuk menyajikan informasi baru tentang pemodal asing di Jepara dalm industri kerajinan ukir.