bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case report: Successful induction of buprenorphine/naloxone using a microdosing schedule and assertive outreach
Authors: Rozylo Jennifer , Mitchell Keren , Nikoo Mohammadali , Durante S. Elise , Barbic Skye P. , Lin Daniel , Mathias Steve , Azar Pouya
Published: January 2020

Background

The requirement for moderate withdrawal prior to initiation can be a barrier to buprenorphine/naloxone induction.

Case presentation

We aimed to use a microdosing regimen to initiate regular dosing of buprenorphine/naloxone in a high-risk patient with a history of failed initiations due, in part, to withdrawal symptoms. Using an assertive outreach model and a buprenorphine/naloxone microdosing schedule, we initiated treatment of an individual’s opioid use disorder. There was a successful buprenorphine/naloxone microdosing induction as the team reached a therapeutic dose of buprenorphine/naloxone. Including the induction period, the medication was used consistently for 4 weeks.

Conclusions

A microdosing schedule can be used to induce a patient onto buprenorphine/naloxone with no apparent withdrawal; gradually reducing illicit substance use. This case report builds on previous literature, highlighting ways to minimize barriers to induction of buprenorphine/naloxone, using a microdosing schedule and assertive outreach. Given the safety profile of buprenorphine and its potential to be a lifesaving intervention, a larger study of microdosing is indicated.
Correction to: Evaluating the effectiveness of adjuvant radiotherapy in addition to surgery versus surgery alone at improving oncologic outcomes for early stage buccal carcinoma: A systematic review
Authors: Best Corliss Ann Elizabeth , Quimby Alexandra Elizabeth , Best Brittany Ann Barbara , Fergusson Dean , Alsaffar Hussain
Published: January 2020

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that one of the authors’ names was spelled incorrectly. In this Correction the incorrect and correct author name are shown. The original publication of this article has been corrected.
Comparison of protein profiles of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva: possible origin of pellicle proteins
Authors: Odanaka Hibiki , Obama Takashi , Sawada Naoko , Sugano Marika , Itabe Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Matsuo
Published: January 2020

Background

The pellicle, the acellular organic material deposited on the surface of tooth enamel, has been thought to be derived from saliva. In this study, protein compositions of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva collected from healthy adults were compared to elucidate the origin of pellicle proteins.

Results

The pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva from the parotid gland or mixed gland were collected; subsequently, protein expression in samples from the respective individual was compared by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Following SDS-PAGE, proteins in the major bands were identified by mass spectrometry. The band pattern of pellicle proteins appeared different from those of gingival crevicular fluid, or saliva samples. Using mass spectrometry, 13 proteins in these samples were identified. The relative abundance of the proteins was quantitatively analyzed using mass spectrometry coupled with stable isotope labeling and by western blot. Cystatin S and α-amylase detected in pellicle were enriched in saliva samples, but not in gingival crevicular fluid, by western blot, and their abundance ratios were high in saliva and low in gingival crevicular fluid when analyzed by stable isotope labeling. Serotransferrin, however, was found only in the pellicle and gingival crevicular fluid by western blot and its abundance ratio was low in saliva.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that the gingival crevicular fluid appears to contribute to pellicle formation in addition to saliva.
Emerging role of nanosuspensions in drug delivery systems
Authors: Jacob Shery , Nair Anroop B. , Shah Jigar
Published: January 2020

Rapid advancement in drug discovery process is leading to a number of potential new drug candidates having excellent drug efficacy but limited aqueous solubility. By virtue of the submicron particle size and distinct physicochemical properties, nanosuspension has the potential ability to tackle many formulation and drug delivery issues typically associated with poorly water and lipid soluble drugs. Conventional size reduction equipment such as media mill and high-pressure homogenizers and formulation approaches such as precipitation, emulsion-solvent evaporation, solvent diffusion and microemulsion techniques can be successfully implemented to prepare and scale-up nanosuspensions. Maintaining the stability in solution as well as in solid state, resuspendability without aggregation are the key factors to be considered for the successful production and scale-up of nanosuspensions. Due to the considerable enhancement of bioavailability, adaptability for surface modification and mucoadhesion for drug targeting have significantly expanded the scope of this novel formulation strategy. The application of nanosuspensions in different drug delivery systems such as oral, ocular, brain, topical, buccal, nasal and transdermal routes are currently undergoing extensive research. Oral drug delivery of nanosuspension with receptor mediated endocytosis has the promising ability to resolve most permeability limited absorption and hepatic first-pass metabolism related issues adversely affecting bioavailability. Advancement of enabling technologies such as nanosuspension can solve many formulation challenges currently faced among protein and peptide-based pharmaceuticals.
Successful treatment of extensive spinal epidural abscess with fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous drainage: a case report
Authors: Fujii Masashi , Shirakawa Tsutomu , Shime Nobuaki , Kawabata Yasuyo
Published: January 2020

Background

Surgical drainage and antimicrobial therapy are the most accepted empirical treatments for spinal epidural abscess. However, surgery may not be indicated when patient’s general health condition is poor. Percutaneous drainage has been reported as a non-surgical treatment for children or patients with no or minor neurological deficits. Here we describe the successful treatment of an extensive spinal epidural abscess with fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous drainage in an elderly man with progressive muscle weakness who could not be operated because of a poor general health condition.

Case presentation

An 81-year-old man presented with fever, back pain, and progressive muscle weakness in bilateral legs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed extensive fluid retention in the spinal epidural space (Th6 to L3). Paraplegia due to an epidural abscess was suspected. We considered an emergency operation; however, the patient’s general condition was poor. Therefore, fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous epidural drainage was performed. After drainage, his back pain and muscle weakness gradually resolved. After 3 weeks, MRI showed that the abscesses had completely disappeared.

Discussion

Compared with surgical drainage, fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous epidural drainage is a less invasive treatment option for patients with a poor general condition.
Proposal of peritoneal biopsy procedures for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Authors:   on behalf of the Peritoneal Biopsy Study Group of the Japanese Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, Mizumasa Tohru , Honda Kazuho , Aoki Shigehisa , Hamada Chieko , Miyazaki Masanobu , Ito Yasuhiko , Tanno Yudo , Nakano Toshiaki , Nakayama Masaaki
Published: January 2020

Prolonged peritoneal dialysis (PD) is responsible for progressive morphological changes such as deterioration of the peritoneal membrane. These changes increase the risk of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). Histological assessments of peritoneal membrane biopsy samples are fundamental for the evaluation of the peritoneal damage caused by PD. For evaluating serial morphological changes induced in the peritoneum by PD, we recommend to perform peritoneal biopsy examinations not only after the cessation of PD but also before performing PD. At the time of PD catheter insertion, the parietal peritoneum (1.5 × 1.5 cm) and rectus abdominal muscle posterior sheath is sampled at a point 3 cm below the PD catheter insertion site. Furthermore, at the time of PD catheter removal, the parietal peritoneum is sampled at a point 3 cm apart from the PD catheter insertion site to avoid artifacts. The peritoneum should be evaluated to detect mesothelial cell denudation, acellular sclerotic changes and thickness of the submesothelial connective tissue, vasculopathy of the post-capillary venules, vascular angiogenesis, and new encapsulating membrane. The method presented herein allows the minimization of surgical invasiveness and artifacts of the specimens and safe performance of peritoneal biopsy examinations. Morphological evaluation of the peritoneum involving an appropriate biopsy strategy, in conjunction with functional markers of deterioration, such as peritoneal permeability or cytokine levels, is a useful approach for examining peritoneal damage and predicting the prognosis of PD patients, especially the onset of EPS.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis—our experience
Authors: Manogna Pamulapati , Dev Bhawna , Joseph Leena Dennis , Ramakrishnan Ramya
Published: January 2020

Background

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare benign chronic inflammatory condition of the breast and is most commonly seen in women of childbearing age. The etiology is uncertain, and an autoimmune association has been suggested with the diagnosis usually made by exclusion. The clinical and radiological features often mimic that of breast cancer and hence confirmed early diagnosis is required to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary delay in the treatment.

Results

The most common clinical presentation of granulomatous mastitis is unilateral palpable breast lump with or without associated pain. The typical ultrasound finding is an ill-defined, irregular heterogeneous, predominantly hypoechoic lesion with multiple tentacles. Histologic features show a well-defined non-necrotizing epitheloid granulomas along with Langhans type giant cells.

Conclusion

Imaging features mimic that of breast cancer, and final diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis always requires specific pathologic findings while excluding other causes.
PET/CT implication on bronchogenic carcinoma TNM staging and follow-up using RECIST/PERCIST criteria: a comparative study with CT
Authors: Osman Ahmed M. , Korashi Hazem I.
Published: January 2020

Background

To evaluate the role of PET/CT on bronchogenic carcinoma staging as well as treatment response evaluation on follow-up compared to CT study alone.

Methods

A prospective study of 60 patients confirmed histopathologically to have non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma, 30 of them came for staging (group T) while the rest 30 came for follow-up (group F) to assess therapy response. All patients underwent PET/CT with data analysis done using the eighth edition tumor, nodal, metastatic staging (TNM) staging for group T and RECIST/PERCIST criteria for group F. The CT data alone transferred to a blind radiologist for analysis using the same parameters. The results were collected and compared.

Results

Regarding group T, 12 patients showed different TNM staging between PET/CT and CT alone, 5 cases with different T stagings, 4 cases with different N stagings, and 5 cases with different M stagings. Also, 8 cases showed different surgical stagings. Regarding group F, 9 cases showed a difference between RECIST obtained by CT and PERCIST obtained by PET/CT with most of the cases (6 cases) showed change from partial or stable response to progressive response.

Conclusion

PET/CT has a significant role in TNM staging of bronchogenic carcinoma more at T2 staging due to its ability to differentiate the tumoral mass from the nearby pulmonary reaction. Also, PET/CT makes a difference in tumoral follow-up by its ability to detect the functional changes even before structural changes. Finally, PET/CT is a very important tool in management strategy.
Mechanical and molecular parameters that influence the tendon differentiation potential of C3H10T1/2 cells in 2D- and 3D-culture systems
Authors: Gaut Ludovic , Bonnin Marie-Ange , Blavet Cédrine , Cacciapuoti Isabelle , Orpel Monika , Mericskay Mathias , Duprez Delphine
Published: January 2020

One of the main challenges in tendon field relies in the understanding of regulators of the tendon differentiation program. The optimum culture conditions that favor tendon cell differentiation are not identified. Mesenchymal stem cells present the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages in cultures under different cues ranging from chemical treatment to physical constraints. We analyzed the tendon differentiation potential of C3H10T1/2 cells, a murine cell line of mesenchymal stem cells, upon different 2D- and 3D-culture conditions. We observed that C3H10T1/2 cells cultured in 2D conditions on silicone substrate were more prone to tendon differentiation assessed with the expression of the tendon markers Scx, Col1a1 and Tnmd as compared to cells cultured on plastic substrate. 3D fibrin environment was more favorable for Scx and Col1a1 expression compared to 2D-cultures. We also identified TGFβ2 as a negative regulator of Tnmd expression in C3H10T1/2 cells in 2D- and 3D-cultures. Altogether, our results provide us with a better understanding of the culture conditions that promote tendon gene expression and identify mechanical and molecular parameters on which we could play to define the optimum culture conditions that favor tenogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.
WD40 protein Wuho controls germline homeostasis via TRIM-NHL tumor suppressor Mei-p26 in Drosophila
Authors: Rastegari Elham , Kajal Kreeti , Tan Boon-Shing , Huang Fu , Chen Ruey-Hwa , Hsieh Tao-Shieh , Hsu Hwei-Jan
Published: January 2020

WD40 proteins control many cellular processes via protein interactions. Drosophila Wuho (Wh, a WD40 protein) controls fertility, although the involved mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show that Wh promotion of Mei-p26 (a human TRIM32 ortholog) function maintains ovarian germ cell homeostasis. Wh and Mei-p26 are epistatically linked, with wh and mei-p26 mutants showing nearly identical phenotypes, including germline stem cell (GSC) loss, stem-cyst formation due to incomplete cytokinesis between GSCs and daughter cells, and overproliferation of GSC progeny. Mechanistically, Wh interacts with Mei-p26 in different cellular contexts to induce cell type-specific effects. In GSCs, Wh and Mei-p26 promote BMP stemness signaling for proper GSC division and maintenance. In GSC progeny, Wh and Mei-p26 silence nanos translation, downregulate a subset of microRNAs involved in germ cell differentiation and suppress ribosomal biogenesis via dMyc to limit germ cell mitosis. We also found that the human ortholog of Wh (WDR4) interacts with TRIM32 in human cells. Our results show that Wh is a regulator of Mei-p26 in Drosophila germ cells and suggest that the WD40-TRIM interaction may also control tissue homeostasis in other stem cell systems.
Feasibility and Effects on Muscle Function of an Exercise Program for Older Adults
Authors: MINETT MAGGIE M. , BINKLEY TERESA L. , HOLM RICHARD P. , RUNGE MARTIN , SPECKER BONNY L.
Published: January 2020

Introduction

Study objective was to determine feasibility and compliance with a 3-month exercise intervention in older adults, and if peripheral quantitative computed tomography muscle measures and jumping mechanography could detect changes in muscle mass and function.

Methods

A parallel group, nonblinded, pilot trial with individuals 70 yr or older randomized to control group of walking-only (WALK) or an intervention group of walking combined with exercises to improve balance and strength (W + EX). Both groups attended similar weekly nutrition education sessions. Body composition, muscle density, intramuscular adipose tissue area, and muscle function were assessed before and after the intervention using dual-energy x-ray, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, functional tests, and mechanography.

Results

Eighty-five (90%) of 94 individuals enrolled completed (41WALK, 44W + EX). Eighty-six percent of participants attended seven or more nutrition sessions, and log sheets, used to assess exercise compliance, were returned by 66% of participants, and of those, 88% logged activity on 50%+ days. Sixty-seven percent of participants stated that they increased activity levels, and 82% stated that they felt better overall. Both groups increased lean and lost fat mass, resulting in decreases in fat percentage (all, P < 0.05). Intramuscular adipose tissue area decreased and muscle density increased among WALK (P < 0.05 and P = 0.056, respectively) but were not different between groups. Improvement in force efficiency and chair-rise power were greater among W + EX group than WALK (5.9% ± 1.8% vs −1.2% ± 2.0% [P = 0.01] and 0.25 ± 0.19 W·kg−1 and −0.37 ± 0.23 W·kg−1 [P = 0.04], respectively). Differences in mechanography results became greater in a per-protocol analysis.

Conclusions

A larger trial is feasible, and the program was well accepted. Both groups showed improvements, the program that included strength and balance lead to greater jump force efficiency and power than walking only. Whether these differences lead to differences in fall rates need to be determined in a larger trial.
Tissue-specific changes in the RNA structurome mediate salinity response in Arabidopsis
Authors: Tack David C. , Su Zhao , Yu Yunqing , Bevilacqua Philip C. , Assmann Sarah M.
Published: January 2020

Little is known concerning the effects of abiotic factors on in vivo RNA structures. We applied Structure-seq to assess the in vivo mRNA structuromes of Arabidopsis thaliana under salinity stress, which negatively impacts agriculture. Structure-seq utilizes dimethyl sulfate reactivity to identify As and Cs that lack base-pairing or protection. Salt stress refolded transcripts differentially in root versus shoot, evincing tissue specificity of the structurome. Both tissues exhibited an inverse correlation between salt stress-induced changes in transcript reactivity and changes in abundance, with stress-related mRNAs showing particular structural dynamism. This inverse correlation is more pronounced in mRNAs wherein the mean reactivity of the 5′UTR, CDS, and 3′UTR concertedly change under salinity stress, suggesting increased susceptibility to abundance control mechanisms in transcripts exhibiting this phenomenon, which we name “concordancy.” Concordant salinity-induced increases in reactivity were notably observed in photosynthesis genes, thereby implicating mRNA structural loss in the well-known depression of photosynthesis by salt stress. Overall, changes in secondary structure appear to impact mRNA abundance, molding the functional specificity of the transcriptome under stress.
Latvian Comic Science Fiction 1960–1990
Authors: Simsone Bārbala
Published: January 2020

The theme of the present paper is a tendency in Latvian literature that flourished from 1960s to the late 1980s and has so far not been subjected to research. It is the phenomenon of short stories with science fiction elements appearing in humor magazines of Soviet Latvia, mainly in Dadzis (The Thistle) and Dadža kalendārs (The Thistle’s Almanac) as well as in the short story collections by the regular authors of these periodicals. In these stories renowned Latvian satirists such as Andrejs Skailis, Žanis Ezītis, Miermīlis Steiga and others use the disguise of science fiction to ridicule the negative aspects of Soviet reality that the authors of “serious literature” rarely dared to touch upon. Although this phenomenon obviously existed only for a couple of decades, it must be recognized as a specific hybrid genre the writers created and used to talk about problems everyone knew and almost nobody talked about.
The Call of the Wild: John Buchan’s Heroes and the Decline of British Aristocracy
Authors: Rajamäe Pilvi
Published: January 2020

The article will look at how John Buchan (1875–1940) has traced the decline of British aristocracy in his novels that cover the time period when the power radically shifted from the landowning to the middle class, with concomitant feelings of confusion, loss, disillusionment and inadequacy on the part of the class whose very existence was being undermined. Buchan wrote at the time when the spirit of chivalry, so carefully cultivated by the Victorian chivalric revival, still coloured the thinking of the aristocracy and the upper middle class, soon to be extinguished by the trenches of the Great War. This spirit abhorred middle-class mercantilism and pragmatism. Thus we see Buchan’s aristocratic heroes, beleaguered by the encroaching spirit of worldliness, going questing in the wilderness to regain their mental balance and purpose. Romantically communing with nature and following their ideals, they fulfil their personal quests, thus reasserting the concepts of duty and selfless service that had been part of the aristocratic code of honour before it was made redundant by middle-class materialism.
About the Authors
Authors: Authors About
Published: January 2020

About the Authors
Contemporary Finnish drama in Estonian Theatre in the 21st century
Authors: Epner Luule
Published: January 2020

After regaining independence in 1991 Estonia, like other Baltic states, went through a transition period which can be described as a return to the West, i.e. Europe. By now, Estonia has joined European community and is successfully integrated with Europe. However, in regard to the country’s cultural and political identity, the process of self-determination continues, particularly on the level of regional identity: whether the newly independent Baltic countries belong to Eastern or Northern Europe? Estonia tends to position itself among Nordic countries, primarily by reason of close historical ties and linguistic kinship with Finland.

In the light of current identity processes the cultural interaction between Estonia and Finland deserves attention. This paper examines only one aspect: the reception of contemporary Finnish dramaturgy in the 21st century Estonian theatre. Finnish dramas had been staged in Estonian theatres since the end of the 19th century. However, it is noticeable that their number has significantly increased since the 2000s, and the repertoire of the major Estonian theatres contains far more new, contemporary Finnish plays than well-known classics. Plays by Leea Klemola, Sirkku Peltola, Juha Jokela, Mika Myllyaho, Pipsa Lonka and others enjoy great popularity among Estonian audiences. How do these plays represent Finnish society? How were they interpreted and received in Estonian theatre? How do stage productions of Finnish plays contribute to the construction of shared Nordic identity? The paper looks for answers to these questions.
Editorial
Authors: Dudek Dominika , Sobański Jerzy , Klasa Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

brak streszczenia
Józef Bednarz (1879–1939) – psychiatrist, forensic expert and manager of psychiatric treatment in the interwar period
Authors: Kujawski Ryszard
Published: January 2020

W artykule przedstawiono sylwetkę polskiego psychiatry doktora Józefa Bednarza (1879-1939). Bednarz, ostatni międzywojenny dyrektor Pomorskiego Krajowego Zakładu Psychiatrycznego w Świeciu, postrzegany bywa głównie w elegijnym kontekście tragicznej śmierci, zadanej z rąk okupantów hitlerowskich w październiku 1939 roku. Celem pracy jest przybliżenie - zachowując pamięć o tragicznej śmierci - działalności naukowej, orzeczniczej, organizacyjnej i leczniczej „Pomorskiego Korczaka”. Jego prace naukowe, choć niezbyt liczne, cechowały się dogłębną analizą badanych problemów, a niektóre z nich weszły do kanonu polskiej literatury psychiatrycznej okresu dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Działał w różnych strukturach Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychiatrycznego oraz w komitecie redakcyjnym „Rocznika Psychiatrycznego”. Dał się poznać jako świetny psychiatra sądowy, kierując oddziałem sądowym w szpitalu w Tworkach (1921-27) i w więzieniu w Grudziądzu (1931-32). Przed ponad dziesięć lat, będąc dyrektorem dwóch dużych szpitali psychiatrycznych w Kulparkowie (1927-29) oraz w Świeciu (1933-39), rozwinął rozległą działalność organizacyjną. Szerzej omówiono aktywność Bednarza jako dyrektora Pomorskiego Krajowego Zakładu Psychiatrycznego w Świeciu. Pozostanie w pamięci potomnych jako pierwszy dyrektor szpitala psychiatrycznego zamordowany przez nazistów oraz jedna z pierwszych ofiar terroru hitlerowskiego wśród psychiatrów polskich.
IMAGINÁRIO INFANTIL E PÓS-VERDADE: ENTRELAÇOS MIDIÁTICOS EM PERSPECTIVA DISCURSIVA E POLÍTICA
Authors: Marques Juliene Da Silva , Lima Samantha Dias de
Published: January 2020

O artigo tem como córpora de análise publicações referentes à verdade e à pós-verdade que circularam no contexto midiático digital. A pesquisa analisa o entrelaço do imaginário da infância com o contexto da pós-verdade contemporânea. A produção original, um bilhete escolar, que se derivou em outras, criada por um estudante de 5 anos. Analisar-se-ão as materialidades em uma perspectiva discursiva de linha francesa com base em um questionamento da interpretação. Os resultados apontam que o imaginário infantil aproxima-se do conceito de pós-verdade, marcando uma conexão possível em uma linha discursiva entre a infância e o contexto adulto e político do cenário atual.
BICHAS PRETAS E NEGÕES: SEUS FAZERES CURRICULARES EM ESCOLAS DAS PERIFERIAS
Authors: Caetano Marcio Rodrigo Vale , Teixeira Tarciso Manfrenatti de Souza , Silva Junior Paulo Melgaço da
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, debateremos os limites e possibilidades das masculinidades negras imersas em normas curriculares cisheteropatriarcaisde duas escolas públicas localizadas nas periferias das cidades de Duque de Caxias e Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Para tanto, asexperiências autoetnográficas de dois docentes serão as bases para narrar as tensões e acordos emergentes a partir dos deslocamentos produzidos a partir das normas escolares, nos denunciando que, obstante ao controle, emergem ricas polissêmicas performatividades que habitam os cotidianos das escolas e disputam seus currículos.
INTERCULTURALIDADE NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: A MATRIZ CURRICULAR DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICORACIAIS
Authors: Albuquerque Regina Lucia Fernandes
Published: January 2020

A pesquisa analisa a relação entre interculturalismo (CANDAU, 2008) e currículo escolar em uma turma de Educação Infantil, com crianças na faixa etária de 5 anos, em uma escola da Rede Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro. Tem por objetivo analisar atividades desenvolvidas na turma que se aproximem de práticas curriculares interculturais no que tange a educação para as relações étnico-raciais. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com metodologia de pesquisa no/do/com o cotidiano. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de ampliação e análise das formas de implementação da lei 11.645/2008 na Educação Básica, uma vez que na escola acompanhada o tema parece ser tratado como um apêndice curricular delimitado por marcos temporais de datas comemorativas.
ALTERIDADE NOS CURRÍCULOS DE MATEMÁTICA: A INVERSÃO DO VETOR E A AÇÃO DOS ATORES NA ESCOLA
Authors: Valle Júlio César Augusto do , Conrado Andréia Lunkes
Published: January 2020

Neste texto, nosso propósito consiste em descrever as convergências de pesquisas sobre políticas curriculares que vêm enfatizando a necessidade de que a macropolítica tenha como princípio estruturante certo grau de permeabilidade em relação à ação e ao tempo dos atores das/nas escolas, em seus variados contextos. Para isso, defendemos um caminho para a alteridade nas políticas curriculares que substitua a prescrição curricular como paradigma e oriente-se por uma inversão do vetor curricular, que produza um movimento capaz de acolher a diversidade cultural e as diferenças representadas por situações de rupturas, controvérsias e problemáticas cotidianas que marcam o território escolar.
ENTREVISTA – NILDA ALVES
Authors: Gonçalves Rafael Marques
Published: January 2020

Entrevista com a Profa. Dra. Nilda Alves
Day-case discharge of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Venable Nathan Aaron
Published: January 2020

Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, both worldwide and in the UK. Modes of treatment, such as percutaneous coronary intervention, have reduced mortality and morbidity. Pressures on health services and cost efficiency drives have necessitated changes in practice. One such change is the use of nurses with advanced practice skills to provide care for patients with cardiovascular disease from admission through to discharge; including taking a history and examination, prescribing, taking informed consent for left heart catheterisation and percutaneous intervention, and providing follow-up clinics after discharge. This article describes the experience of a well-established interventional cardiology specialist nurse team when developing advanced practice skill sets and a local policy for initial safety-netting, collaborating with healthcare colleagues to overcome challenges, and adapting flexible ways of working, enabling a safe transition from overnight stay to same-day discharge of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Feet from a different angle
Authors: Brown Sarah Mary
Published: January 2020

Sarah Mary Brown FWCF, takes a look at the hoof pastern axis
A valuable modality: skeletal scintigraphy imaging
Authors: Quiney Laura
Published: January 2020

Laura Quiney, IMV Imaging, discusses the pros and cons of this established diagnostic tool
The challenges of an equine welfare charity
Authors: Cutress Lynn
Published: January 2020

Lynn Cutress, Chief Executive of Redwings Horse Sanctuary, discusses some of the most common challenges faced by UK equine charities
Keeping the balance
Authors: Grimwood Katie
Published: January 2020

Katie Grimwood BSc (Hons), Nutrition Advisor, Baileys Horse Feeds discusses the importance of readily available vitamins and minerals in the equine diet
Equinovarus foot in stroke survivors with spasticity: a narrative review of muscle–tendon morphology and force production adaptation
Authors: Freire Bruno , Abou Libak , Dias Caroline Pieta
Published: January 2020

Background/Aims

Spastic paresis is the most common motor disorder in stroke survivors and can cause various types of muscle overactivity. This can lead to the development of spastic equinovarus foot, producing an inadequate base of support that limits locomotion and weight transfers. Physical therapists require better knowledge of the effects of spastic equinovarus foot in order to administer effective clinical treatment. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to describe changes in the muscle morphology and force production of stroke survivors with spastic equinovarus foot in relation to gait performance.

Methods

A narrative review of research into the effects of spastic paresis and equinovarus foot in stroke survivors was undertaken.

Results

There were a total of 20 identified studies that observed muscle-tendon morphology and force production in stroke survivors. All studies included in the present review reported several changes in muscle and tendon biomechanical properties as results of the spastic muscle overactivity.

Conclusions

Stroke survivors with spastic equinovarus foot experience muscle and tendon morphology that result in decreased force production, muscle power and gait performance.
Prehospital amputation: a scoping review
Authors: Gander Bradley
Published: January 2020

Background:

Where limbs or extremities become entrapped and it is not possible to extricate a patient in time to prevent death, or because of a deterioration or scene safety emergency, prehospital amputation is an option to enable extrication.

Aims:

This study aimed to analyse accounts of prehospital amputation and identify factors that may influence practice as well as areas for further research.

Methods:

A search of multiple databases (AMED, BNI, CINAHL, EMCARE, Google Scholar and PubMed) and additional literature for accounts of prehospital amputation was carried out.

Results:

Thirteen sources of evidence describing 20 cases of prehospital amputation (18) or dismemberment (2) in a variety of settings between 1975 and 2019 were identified. Prehospital amputation was reported following structural collapse (8), industrial accidents (6), road traffic crashes (5) and rail incidents (1). The procedure was undertaken for a range of reasons, including unsuccessful traditional extrication attempts (7), time-critical patient condition (6), a risk of further extrication attempts causing structural destabilisation (5) and dismemberment of deceased victims (2). The equipment used to perform the amputation was not reported in 14 cases. Outcomes were reported in 17 accounts, with all patients surviving to hospital.

Conclusion:

Prehospital amputation is performed extremely rarely and accounts in the literature are limited. The situations and environments in which prehospital amputation is reported vary and specialist teams are often required. Further review of guidance and studies on techniques may be beneficial.
Research Roundup
Authors: Paterson Ruth
Published: January 2020

Ruth Paterson provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
What is on the table
Authors: Wakefield Benjamin
Published: January 2020

With the Conservative Party winning the UK general election this December, Benjamin Wakefield considers what might be in store for the NHS and how its workers can continue to develop strategies to defend it
How to … assist older residents to share and record their experiences
Authors: Ashurst Adrian
Published: January 2020

Many older people have a wealth of valuable experiences and memories waiting to be revealed. Adrian Ashurst shares some ideas regarding how to record and share residents' thoughts and perspectives on their past and their future
Managing health changes for people with a learning disability in a residential care home setting
Authors: Scott Sharon , Denton Lilette , Conway Frances , Kinley Julie
Published: January 2020

People with learning disabilities frequently have complex comorbidities, and the identification, assessment and management of these conditions in a care home setting is important but is often challenging. Researchers from St Christopher's Hospice offer insight into their specially developed programme for managing residents' health needs and any sudden declines
Infection prevention in care homes: the role of community nurses
Authors: Woods Dana
Published: January 2020

Community nurses are often in the position of providing clinical services to residents in the care home sector. In doing so, they need to consider the factors that may increase the risk of infection and how these might be addressed. Dana Woods explains
Long-term study finds social contact reduces the risk of dementia
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: January 2020

We know that lifestyle changes, such as to diet and exercise regimens, can have an impact on the risk of developing dementia. However, research has revealed that socialisation has an important role to play. Sarah Jane Palmer explains
Under scrutiny: the role of the nursing associate
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: January 2020

From January 2019, nursing associates have been able to apply for registration with the Nursing and Midwifery Council. Just over a year on, Helena Frankova examines the role and what the Care Quality Commission will evaluate during an inspection
Putting private equity on the agenda
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: January 2020

Private equity has been responsible for both the rescue and destruction of many businesses. However, attracting and retaining investors is a challenge in itself. Adam Bernstein explores this difficult task and its role in the care sector
Evaluation method for the optical feedback factor and linewidth enhancement factor using phase discontinuities in self-mixing interferometry signals
Authors: Ri Chol-Yong , Kim Chol-Su , Ri Guk-Chol , Kang Jong-Chol , Pak Chol-Min , O Jin-Myong
Published: January 2020

Self-mixing interferometry (SMI) is a reliable method that has been applied to measuring displacements, absolute distances, and velocities of remote targets. Evaluating the optical feedback factor

C

and the linewidth enhancement factor

α

is a vital step in calculating laser diode parameters and in processing SMI signals using phase unwrapping. This paper proposes an evaluation method for the optical feedback factor and the linewidth enhancement factor of arbitrary waveforms by investigating the slopes of phase discontinuity distribution in the optical feedback regime of

1

<

C

. First of all, the effects that the slope of phase discontinuity distribution has on the prediction of the optical feedback factor and the linewidth enhancement factor are clarified. Next, an algorithm is proposed to evaluate the optical feedback factor and the linewidth enhancement factor using the slope variation of phase discontinuity distribution, along with a method to select discontinuities in order to improve measurement accuracy using the cumulative effect of discontinuity distribution. The proposed method is verified through simulations as well as experiments with a low-cost semiconductor laser.
Simple and affordable imaging of multiple physiological parameters with RGB camera-based diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Nishidate Izumi , Minakawa Masashi , McDuff Daniel , Wares MD. Abdul , Nakano Kazuya , Haneishi Hideaki , Aizu Yoshihisa , Niizeki Kyuichi
Published: January 2020

We propose a simple and affordable imaging technique to evaluate transcutaneously multiple physiological parameters by using a digital red-green-blue camera. In this method, the RGB-values were converted into tristimulus values in the CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) XYZ color space, which is compatible with the common color spaces. Monte Carlo simulation for light transport in biological tissue was then performed to specify the relationship among the XYZ-values and the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, bilirubin, and melanin. The concentration of total hemoglobin and tissue oxygen saturation were also calculated from the estimated concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. In vivo experiments with bile duct ligation in rats demonstrated that the estimated bilirubin concentration increased after ligation of the bile duct and reached around 22 mg/dl at 116 h after the onset of ligation, which corresponds to the ground truth value of bilirubin measured by a commercially available transcutaneous bilirubinometer. Experiments with rats while varying the fraction of inspired oxygen demonstrated that oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin decreased and increased, respectively, as the fraction of inspired oxygen decreased. Consequently, tissue oxygen saturation dramatically decreased. We further extended the method to a non-contact imaging photo-plethysmograph and estimation of the percutaneous oxygen saturation. An empirical formula to estimate percutaneous oxygen saturation was derived from the pulse wave amplitudes of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. The estimated percutaneous oxygen saturation dropped remarkably when a faction of inspired oxygen was below 19%, indicating the onset of hypoxemia due to hypoxia, whereas the tissue oxygen saturation decreased gradually according to the reduction of the faction of inspired oxygen. The results in this study indicate the potential of this method for imaging of multiple physiological parameters in skin tissue and evaluating an optical biomedical imaging technique that enables cost-effective, easy-to-use, portable, remotely administered, and/or point-of-care solutions.
Performance comparison of Yb:YAG ceramics and crystal gain material in a large-area, high-energy, high average–power diode-pumped laser
Authors: Divoky M. , Pilar J. , Hanus M. , Navratil P. , Sawicka-Chyla M. , De Vido M. , Phillips P. J. , Ertel K. , Butcher T. , Fibrich M. , Green J. T. , Koselja M. , Preclikova J. , Kubat J. , Houzvicka J. , Rus B. , Collier J. , Lucianetti A. , Mocek T.
Published: January 2020

We compare for the first time the influence of different Yb:YAG gain media on the performance of a large-area, high average–power laser system with an output energy of up to 6 J. Monocrystalline slabs grown by a new technique without central growth defect are compared with ceramics. Small signal gain, maximum output energy and thermal lensing are compared for ceramic slabs with co-sintered amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) absorber cladding, monocrystalline slab with and without optically bonded ASE absorber cladding, and surface structured monocrystalline slabs. We show that these large monocrystals with optically bonded absorber cladding have similar performance to cladded ceramics, so far the only material for high-energy Yb:YAG lasers.
Design and experimental demonstration of Doppler cloak from spatiotemporally modulated metamaterials based on rotational Doppler effect
Authors: Liu Baiyang , Giddens Henry , Li Yin , He Yejun , Wong Sai-Wai , Hao Yang
Published: January 2020

Recently, spatiotemporally modulated metamaterial has been theoretically demonstrated for the design of Doppler cloak, a technique used to cloak the motion of moving objects from the observer by compensating for the Doppler shift. Linear Doppler effect has an angular counterpart, i.e., the rotational Doppler effect, which can be observed by the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light scattered from a spinning object. In this work, we predict that the spatiotemporally modulated metamaterial has its angular equivalent phenomenon. We therefore propose a technique to observe the rotational Doppler effect by cylindrical spatiotemporally modulated metamaterial. Conversely, such a metamaterial is able to cloak the Doppler shift associated with linear motion by generating an opposite rotational Doppler shift. This novel concept is theoretically analyzed, and a conceptual design by spatiotemporally modulating the permittivity of a voltage-controlled OAM ferroelectric reflector is demonstrated by theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. Finally, a Doppler cloak is experimentally demonstrated by a spinning OAM metasurface in radar system, which the spatiotemporal reflection phase are mechanically modulated. Our work presented in this paper may pave the way for new directions of OAM carrying beams and science of cloaking, and also explore the potential applications of tunable materials and metasurfaces.
Random number generation by coherent detection of quantum phase noise
Authors: Álvarez J.-R. , Sarmiento S. , Lázaro J. A. , Gené J. M. , Torres J. P.
Published: January 2020

In 2010 Qi et al. [Opt. Lett. 35(3), 312 (2010)] demonstrated a random number generator based on the drift of the phase of a laser due to spontaneous emission, The out-of-the-lab implementation of this scheme presents two main drawbacks: it requires a long and highly unbalanced interferometer to generate a random phase with uniform probability distribution, or alternatively, a shorter and slightly unbalanced interferometer that notwithstanding requires active stabilization and does not generate a uniform probability distribution without randomness extraction. Here we demonstrate that making use of the random nature of the phase difference between two independent laser sources and two coherent detectors we can overcome these limitations. The two main advantages of the system demonstrated are: i) it generates a probability distribution of quantum origin which is intrinsically uniform and thus in principle needs no randomness extraction for obtaining a uniform distribution, and ii) the phase is measured with telecom equipment routinely used for high capacity coherent optical communications. The speed of random bit generation is determined by the photodetector bandwidth and the linewidth of the lasers. As a by-product of our method, we have obtained images of how phase noise develops with time in a laser. This provides a highly visual alternative way of measuring the coherence time of a laser.
Terahertz Fano resonances induced by combining metamaterial modes of the same symmetry
Authors: Xu Rongyang , Zhang Zhi , Wieck Andreas D. , Jukam Nathan
Published: January 2020

Fano resonances are observed in a composite metamaterial that consists of an electric split ring resonator eSRR and an I-shaped resonator ISR. By adjusting the length of the ISR the degree of asymmetry in the line shape of the composite metamaterial can be controlled and even made to be symmetric. In contrast to other methods to create Fano resonances, the individual modes of the eSRR and ISR have the same symmetry and are not evanescently coupled to each other. The transmission is simulated using the finite difference time domain method and a coupled oscillator model is used to obtain nominal values of the Fano asymmetry factor q. Composite metamaterials and individual eSRR and ISR metamaterials are fabricated, and their transmission is measured with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
Octave-spanning coherent supercontinuum generation in an AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguide
Authors: Kuyken Bart , Billet Maximilien , Leo Francois , Yvind Kresten , Pu Minhao
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate supercontinuum generation over an octave spaning from 1055 to 2155 nm on the highly nonlinear aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)-on-insulator platform. This is enabled by the generation of two dispersive waves in a 3-mm-long dispersion-engineered nano-waveguide. The waveguide is pumped at telecom wavelengths (1555 nm) with 3.6 pJ femtosecond pulses. We experimentally validate the coherence of the generated supercontinuum around the pump wavelength (1450–1750 nm), and our numerical simulation shows a high degree of coherence over the full spectrum.
Recurso educacional aberto: saberes necessários sobre Notificação Compulsória
Authors: Silva Geraedson Aristides da , Teixeira Geraldo Magella , Lucena Kerle Dayana Tavares de
Published: January 2020

A Notificação Compulsória oferece um meio valioso para monitorar a saúde populacional e indicar prioridades para as políticas de saúde e alocação de recursos financeiros. Deste modo, evidencia-se também a necessidade de estimulação de uma formação adequada seja ainda na graduação ou durante o exercício profissional. Este estudo objetivou apresentar o processo de construção de um Recurso Educacional Aberto sobre Notificação Compulsória, criado em decorrência da falta de conhecimento da maioria dos estudantes e profissionais da saúde e da deficiência no ensino pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior sobre o tema. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, cuja abordagem foi qualitativa, realizado no mês de novembro de 2018, a partir de uma disciplina cursada em uma pós-graduação stricto sensu. Resultados: A construção do recurso ocorreu através de seis etapas distintas apresentadas ao longo deste artigo e cujo produto final foi o e-book acerca da Notificação Compulsória. Conclusão: O processo de construção do recurso educacional aberto apresentado neste artigo, juntamente com as demais informações sobre Notificação Compulsória oferecem suporte para aprendizagem de profissionais e estudantes da saúde, que muitas vezes precisam superar as dificuldades no próprio conhecimento e contribuir com as estratégias de promoção e prevenção da saúde da população brasileira.