bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multinuclear MRI to disentangle intracellular sodium concentration and extracellular volume fraction in breast cancer
Authors: Ianniello Carlotta , Moy Linda , Fogarty Justin , Schnabel Freya , Adams Sylvia , Axelrod Deborah , Axel Leon , Brown Ryan , Madelin Guillaume
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this work was to develop a novel method to disentangle the intra- and extracellular components of the total sodium concentration (TSC) in breast cancer from a combination of proton ($$^{1}$$

1

H) and sodium ($$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$

23

Na

) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. To do so, TSC is expressed as function of the intracellular sodium concentration ($$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$

C
IC

), extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and the water fraction (WF) based on a three-compartment model of the tissue. TSC is measured from $$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$

23

Na

MRI, ECV is calculated from baseline and post-contrast $$^{1}$$

1

H $$\hbox {T}_{{1}}$$

T
1

maps, while WF is measured with a $$^{1}$$

1

H chemical shift technique. $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$

C
IC

is then extrapolated from the model. Proof-of-concept was demonstrated in three healthy subjects and two patients with triple negative breast cancer. In both patients, TSC was two to threefold higher in the tumor than in normal tissue. This alteration mainly resulted from increased $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$

C
IC

($$\sim$$
∼
 30 mM), which was $$\sim$$
∼
 130% greater than in healthy conditions (10–15 mM) while the ECV was within the expected range of physiological values (0.2–0.25). Multinuclear MRI shows promise for disentangling $$\hbox {C}_{\text {IC}}$$

C
IC

and ECV by taking advantage of complementary $$^{1}$$

1

H and $$^{23}\hbox {Na}$$

23

Na

measurements.
Masks and distancing during COVID-19: a causal framework for imputing value to public-health interventions
Authors: Babino Andres , Magnasco Marcelo O.
Published: March 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community developed predictive models to evaluate potential governmental interventions. However, the analysis of the effects these interventions had is less advanced. Here, we propose a data-driven framework to assess these effects retrospectively. We use a regularized regression to find a parsimonious model that fits the data with the least changes in the $$R_t$$

R
t

parameter. Then, we postulate each jump in $$R_t$$

R
t

as the effect of an intervention. Following the do-operator prescriptions, we simulate the counterfactual case by forcing $$R_t$$

R
t

to stay at the pre-jump value. We then attribute a value to the intervention from the difference between true evolution and simulated counterfactual. We show that the recommendation to use facemasks for all activities would reduce the number of cases by 200,000 ($$95\%$$

95
%

CI 190,000–210,000) in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New York State. The framework presented here might be used in any case where cause and effects are sparse in time.
Quantifying genetic heterogeneity between continental populations for human height and body mass index
Authors: Guo Jing , Bakshi Andrew , Wang Ying , Jiang Longda , Yengo Loic , Goddard Michael E. , Visscher Peter M. , Yang Jian
Published: March 2021

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in samples of European ancestry have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with complex traits in humans. However, it remains largely unclear whether these associations can be used in non-European populations. Here, we seek to quantify the proportion of genetic variation for a complex trait shared between continental populations. We estimated the between-population correlation of genetic effects at all SNPs ($$r_{g}$$

r
g

) or genome-wide significant SNPs ($$r_{{g\left( {GWS} \right)}}$$

r

g

GWS

) for height and body mass index (BMI) in samples of European (EUR; $$n = 49,839$$

n
=
49
,
839

) and African (AFR; $$n = 17,426$$

n
=
17
,
426

) ancestry. The $$\hat{r}_{g}$$

r
^

g

between EUR and AFR was 0.75 ($${\text{s}}.{\text{e}}. = 0.035$$

s
.
e
.
=
0.035

) for height and 0.68 ($${\text{s}}.{\text{e}}. = 0.062$$

s
.
e
.
=
0.062

) for BMI, and the corresponding $$\hat{r}_{{g\left( {GWS} \right)}}$$

r
^

g

GWS

was 0.82 ($${\text{s}}.{\text{e}}. = 0.030$$

s
.
e
.
=
0.030

) for height and 0.87 ($${\text{s}}.{\text{e}}. = 0.064$$

s
.
e
.
=
0.064

) for BMI, suggesting that a large proportion of GWAS findings discovered in Europeans are likely applicable to non-Europeans for height and BMI. There was no evidence that $$\hat{r}_{g}$$

r
^

g

differs in SNP groups with different levels of between-population difference in allele frequency or linkage disequilibrium, which, however, can be due to the lack of power.
A prospective cohort register-based study of chronic postsurgical pain and long-term use of pain medication after otorhinolaryngological surgery
Authors: Graf Nina , Geißler Katharina , Meißner Winfried , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: March 2021

Data on chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after otorhinolaryngological surgery are sparse. Adult in-patients treated in 2017 were included into the prospective PAIN OUT registry. Patients’ pain on the first postoperative day (D1), after six months (M6) and 12 months (M12) were evaluated. Determining factor for CPSP was an average pain intensity ≥ 3 (numeric rating scale 0–10) at M6. Risk factors associated with CPSP were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. 10% of 191 included patients (60% male, median age: 52 years; maximal pain at D1: 3.5 ± 2.7), had CPSP. Average pain at M6 was 0.1 ± 0.5 for patients without CPSP and 4.2 ± 1.2 with CPSP. Average pain with CPSP still was 3.7 ± 1.1 at M12. Higher ASA status (Odds ratio [OR] = 4.052; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.453–11.189; p = 0.007), and higher minimal pain at D1 (OR = 1.721; CI = 1.189–2.492; p = 0.004) were independent predictors of CPSP at M6. Minimal pain at D1 (OR = 1.443; CI = 1.008–2.064; p = 0.045) and maximal pain at M6 (OR = 1.665; CI = 1.340–2.069; p < 0.001) were independent predictors for CPSP at M12. CPSP is an important issue after otorhinolaryngological surgery. Better instrument for perioperative assessment should be defined to identify patients at risk for CPSP.
Prolonged cetuximab treatment promotes p27Kip1-mediated G1 arrest and autophagy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Okuyama Kohei , Suzuki Keiji , Naruse Tomofumi , Tsuchihashi Hiroki , Yanamoto Souichi , Kaida Atsushi , Miura Masahiko , Umeda Masahiro , Yamashita Shunichi
Published: March 2021

Cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody, is an efficient anti-tumor therapeutic agent that inhibits the activation of EGFR; however, data related to the cellular effects of prolonged cetuximab treatment are limited. In this study, the long-term cellular outcome of prolonged cetuximab treatment and the related molecular mechanism were explored in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line constitutively expressing a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator. Fluorescent time-lapse imaging was used to assess clonal growth, cell motility, and cell-cycle progression. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the level of phosphorylation and protein-expression following cetuximab treatment. Over 5 days cetuximab treatment decreased cell motility and enhanced G1 phase cell arrest in the central region of the colonies. Significantly decreased phosphorylation of retinoblastoma, Skp2, and Akt-mTOR proteins, accumulation of p27Kip1, and induction of type II LC3B were observed over 8 days cetuximab treatment. Results of the present study elucidate the cetuximab-dependent inhibition of cell migration, resulting in high cell density-related stress and persistent cell-cycle arrest at G1 phase culminating in autophagy. These findings provide novel molecular insights related to the anti-tumor effects of prolonged cetuximab treatment with the potential to improve future therapeutic strategy.
Ultra-broadband, lithography-free, omnidirectional, and polarization-insensitive perfect absorber
Authors: Chen Tse-An , Yub Meng-Ju , Lu Yu-Jung , Yen Ta-Jen
Published: March 2021

Perfect absorbers (PAs) at near infrared allow various applications such as biosensors, nonlinear optics, color filters, thermal emitters and so on. These PAs, enabled by plasmonic resonance, are typically powerful and compact, but confront inherent challenges of narrow bandwidth, polarization dependence, and limited incident angles as well as requires using expensive lithographic process, which limit their practical applications and mass production. In this work, we demonstrate a non-resonant PA that is comprised of six continuous layers of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) and chromium (Cr) in turns. Our device absorbs more than 90% of light in a broad range of 900–1900 nm. In addition, such a planar design is lithography-free, certainly independent with polarization, and presents a further advantage of wide incidence up to 70°. The measured performance of our optimized PA agrees well with analytical calculations of transfer matrix method (TMM) and numerical simulations of finite element method, and can be readily implemented for practical applications.
Publisher Correction: Author Correction: The origin of Rhinocerotoidea and phylogeny of Ceratomorpha (Mammalia, Perissodactyla)
Authors: Bai Bin , Meng Jin , Zhang Chi , Gong Yan-Xin , Wang Yuan-Qing
Published: March 2021

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01852-5
Effect of silylating agents on the superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties of siloxane/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposite coatings on cellulosic fabric filters for oil–water separation
Authors: Eduok Ubong , Faye Omar , Szpunar Jerzy , Khaled Mazen
Published: March 2021

Two silylating agents, hexamethyldisilazane and trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane enhance the superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties of siloxane/PDMS nanocomposite coatings on cotton filters for oil–water separation.
Enantioselective hydrogenation of annulated arenes: controlled formation of multiple stereocenters in adjacent rings
Authors: Wiesenfeldt Mario P. , Moock Daniel , Paul Daniel , Glorius Frank
Published: March 2021

We report a method for the enantioselective hydrogenation of annulated arenes using 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinones as substrates.
Immunomodulatory nanomedicine for colorectal cancer treatment: a landscape to be explored?
Authors: Silveira Maria José , Castro Flávia , Oliveira Maria José , Sarmento Bruno
Published: March 2021

Immunomodulatory nanomedicine has the potential to modulate CRC tumors with distinct associated immune cells, leading to the recruitment and activation of the immune populations, which will further, recognize tumor cells and allow its elimination.
Acid-responsive endosomolytic polymeric nanoparticles with amplification of intracellular oxidative stress for prodrug delivery and activation
Authors: Lu Nannan , Xi Longchang , Zha Zengshi , Wang Yuheng , Han Xinghua , Ge Zhishen
Published: March 2021

A pH-responsive endosomolytic polymeric micelle was engineered to deliver oxidation-activable prodrugs into the cytoplasm of cancer cells for modulation of intracellular oxidative stress and prodrug activation after endosomal escape.
Understanding the different reactivity of (Z)- and (E)-β-nitrostyrenes in [3+2] cycloaddition reactions. An MEDT study
Authors: Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Domingo Luis R. , Jasiński Radomir
Published: March 2021

The different reactivity and selectivities of isomeric E/Z β-nitrostyrenes in polar zw-type [3+2] cycloaddition reactions is explained within MEDT.
In situ exsolved Co components on wood ear-derived porous carbon for catalyzing oxygen reduction over a wide pH range
Authors: Xu Yu , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Ping , Lu Min , Xie Xiaoji , Huang Ling
Published: March 2021

A wood ear-derived carbon catalyst with Co components can be an efficient oxygen reduction catalyst for various fuel cells.
Wideband Acoustic Reflex Growth in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Westman Martha R. , Putterman Daniel B. , Garinis Angela C. , Hunter Lisa L. , Feeney M. Patrick
Published: March 2021

Purpose

Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are often treated with intravenous (IV) aminoglycoside (AG) antibiotics to manage life-threatening bacterial infections. Preclinical animal data suggest that, in addition to damaging cochlear hair cells, this class of antibiotics may cause cochlear synaptopathy and/or damage to higher auditory structures. The acoustic reflex growth function (ARGF) is a noninvasive, objective measure of neural function in the auditory system. A shallow ARGF (small reflex-induced changes in middle ear function with increasing elicitor level) has been associated with synaptopathy due to noise exposure in rodent and human studies. In this study, the ARGF was obtained in CF patients with normal hearing, some of whom have been treated with IV AGs, and a control group without CF. The hypothesis was that patients with IV-AG exposure would have a shallow ARGF due to cochlear synaptopathy caused by ototoxicity.

Method

Wideband ARGFs were examined in four groups of normal-hearing participants: a control group of 29 individuals without CF; and in 57 individuals with CF grouped by lifetime IV-AG exposure: 15 participants with no exposure, 21 with low exposure, and 21 with high exposure. Procedures included pure-tone audiometry, clinical immittance, wideband acoustic immittance battery, including ARGFs, and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions.

Results

CF subjects with normal pure-tone thresholds and either high or low lifetime IV-AG exposure had enhanced ARGFs compared to controls and CF participants without IV-AG exposure. The groups did not differ in transient evoked otoacoustic emission signal-to-noise ratio.

Conclusion

These results diverge from the shallow ARGF pattern observed in studies of noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy and are suggestive of a central mechanism of auditory dysfunction in patients with AG-induced ototoxicity.
The physical properties of local (U)LIRGs: A comparison with nearby early- and late-type galaxies
Authors: Paspaliaris E.-D. , Xilouris E. M. , Nersesian A. , Masoura V. A. , Plionis M. , Georgantopoulos I. , Bianchi S. , Katsioli S. , Mountrichas G.
Published: March 2021

Aims. In order to pinpoint the place of the (ultra-) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) in the local Universe, we examine the properties of a sample of 67 such nearby systems and compare them with those of 268 early- and 542 late-type, well studied, galaxies from the DustPedia database.

Methods. We made use of multi-wavelength photometric data (from the ultra-violet to the sub-millimetre), culled from the literature, and the CIGALE spectral energy distribution fitting code to extract the physical parameters of each system. The median spectral energy distributions as well as the values of the derived parameters were compared to those of the local early- and late-type galaxies. In addition to that, (U)LIRGs were divided into seven classes, according to the merging stage of each system, and variations in the derived parameters were investigated.

Results. (U)LIRGs occupy the ‘high-end’ on the dust mass, stellar mass, and star-formation rate (SFR) plane in the local Universe with median values of 5.2 × 107 M⊙, 6.3 × 1010 M⊙, and 52 M⊙ yr−1, respectively. The median value of the dust temperature in (U)LIRGs is 32 K, which is higher compared to both the early-type (28 K) and the late-type (22 K) galaxies. The dust emission in PDR regions in (U)LIRGs is 11.7% of the total dust luminosity, which is significantly higher than early-type (1.6%) and late-type (5.2%) galaxies. Small differences in the derived parameters are seen for the seven merging classes of our sample of (U)LIRGs with the most evident one being on the SFR, where in systems in late merging stages (‘M3’ and ‘M4’) the median SFR reaches up to 99 M⊙ yr−1 compared to 26 M⊙ yr−1 for the isolated ones. In contrast to the local early- and late-type galaxies where the old stars are the dominant source of the stellar emission, the young stars in (U)LIRGs contribute with 64% of their luminosity to the total stellar luminosity. The fraction of the stellar luminosity absorbed by the dust is extremely high in (U)LIRGs (78%) compared to 7% and 25% in early- and late-type galaxies, respectively. The fraction of the stellar luminosity used to heat up the dust grains is very high in (U)LIRGs, for both stellar components (92% and 56% for the young and the old stellar populations, respectively) while 74% of the dust emission comes from the young stars.
Radio detection of VIK J2318−3113, the most distant radio-loud quasar (z = 6.44)
Authors: Ighina L. , Belladitta S. , Caccianiga A. , Broderick J. W. , Drouart G. , Moretti A. , Seymour N.
Published: March 2021

We report the 888 MHz radio detection in the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS) of VIK J2318−3113, a z = 6.44 quasar. Its radio luminosity (1.2 × 1026 W Hz−1 at 5 GHz) compared to the optical luminosity (1.8 × 1024 W Hz−1 at 4400 Å) makes it the most distant radio-loud quasar observed so far, with a radio loudness R ∼ 70 (R = L5 GHz/L4400 Å). Moreover, the high bolometric luminosity of the source (Lbol = 7.4 × 1046 erg s−1) suggests the presence of a supermassive black hole with a high mass (≳6 × 108 M⊙) at a time when the Universe was younger than a billion years. Combining the new radio data from RACS with previous ASKAP observations at the same frequency, we found that the flux density of the source may have varied by a factor of ∼2, which could suggest the presence of a relativistic jet oriented towards the line of sight, that is, a blazar nature. However, currently available radio data do not allow us to firmly characterise the orientation of the source. Further radio and X-ray observations are needed.
Suppression of neoclassical tearing mode instability at the initial stage by electron cyclotron current drive
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wu Bin , Xie Yuanlai , Chen Yuqing , Zhang Hongming , Wang Ji , Wang Jinfang , Hu Chundong
Published: March 2021

The suppression of the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) by the electron cyclotron wave current drive (ECCD) is studied numerically based on the reduced MHD equations. The required current drive for the NTM stabilization is shown to be significantly reduced if ECCD is applied at the initial stage when the magnetic island is not too large. The modulated ECCD is more effective than a continued one to suppress the NTM, as expected. The value of the duty circle of modulated ECCD is also found to affect the result.
Basis set dependence of 1H–X spin–spin coupling constants in non-empirical pure DFT framework, X = 1H, 13C, 19F, 35Cl: Case of CHCl=CH–CF3 stereoisomers
Authors: Holtomo Olivier , Nsangou Mama , Motapon Ousmanou
Published: March 2021

A collection of indirect spin–spin coupling constants (SSCCs) including 3J(H,H), nJ(C,H) (n = 1–3), nJ(H,F) (n = 3, 4), and nJ(H,Cl) (n = 2, 3) were assessed in the non-empirical density functional theory (DFT) framework for the stereoisomers of CHCl=CH–CF3. The present paper puts on view the DFT method, the basis set, and the stereoisomer dependences of the SSCCs. The basis sets cc-pVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q, and 5) were used to handle these nuclear parameters. The DFT scheme through the non-empirical exchange–correlation functionals Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof, Perdew–Kurth–Zupan–Blaha exchange–correlation functional, Tao, Perdew, Staroverov, and Scuseria (PBEPBE, PKZBPKZB, and TPSSTPSS) was benchmarked by the computationally expensive second-order polarization propagator approximation method to provide a very good correlation of the nuclear SSCC parameters. This method was corrected by the relativistic, vibrational, and solvent effects. The findings show that the SSCCs are highly sensitive to the basis set. The convergence of SSCCs to the basis set limit is achieved for some coupling constants and tends to achieve for the others, except for 2J(H,Cl) and 3J(H,Cl). The functionals PBEPBE and PKZBPKZB appear as the excellent deal to assess all the coupling constants of this study. nJ(H,F) (n = 3, 4) and nJ(H,Cl) (n = 2, 3) are very well described by all the three competitive functionals and the different quality X of the basis set in regard to the experimental results and the reference values.
Improvement of spatial resolution by tilt correction in near-field scanning microwave microscopy
Authors: Zhang Xianfeng , Wu Zhe , Lan Quansong , Du Zhiliao , Zhou Quanxin , Jiang Ruirui , Liu Jianlong , Gong Yubin , Zeng Baoqing
Published: March 2021

The limitation of mechanical manufacturing will result in a small tilt angle of the sample stage in the horizontal direction, which decreases the spatial resolution of imaging in near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM). In this paper, we focus on the tilt correction and improve the spatial resolution of the NSMM image. The results of electromagnetic simulation and line scan measurement demonstrate the critical parameters affecting the sensitivity of NSMM, such as the length of the probe extending out of the cavity, the tip–sample distance, and the tip apex size. The tilt images can rotate successfully to the horizontal plane with the tilt correction methods, and the local average and re-interpolation are applied to denoise the images. Experimental NSMM images of copper thin film grid, coin texture, lithography mask, and leaf vein are obtained. The images before and after correction verify the improvement of the spatial resolution with all the above methods.
Evolution of structural and magnetic properties of Ar2+ ion irradiated TiO2 thin films annealed under argon atmosphere
Authors: Bharati B. , Rath Chandana
Published: March 2021

In this report, the evolution of structural as well as magnetic state of 900 °C annealed TiO2 films under argon (Ar) environment have been examined before and after irradiating with the Ar2+ ions of energy 500 keV. The pristine film stabilized with Magneli phase (Ti4O7), the film retains its crystallinity but phase get transformed to anatase TiO2, irradiating with the lowest fluence, 1 × 1014 ions/cm2. After rising up to 5 × 1016 ions/cm2 ion fluence, film again stabilize with the Magneli phase (Ti4O7). In the previous report, we have demonstrated an unusual phase change from anatase TiO2 to brookite, where films are annealed in O2 atmosphere. In contrast to that here we have obtained TiO2 from Ti4O7 at lowest fluence but at highest fluence again Ti4O7 is obtained. The energy deposited by the ion beam passed to the lattice and collision cascades are formed which brings atomic displacement in the lattice, results the structural transformation. Surface topography is not affected much after the irradiation as observed from atomic force microscopy (AFM). Interesting, ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature stems in all the films as a consequence of the controlled introduction of anionic defects (oxygen vacancies).
Stem constancy under the microscope
Authors: Hettwer Caroline , Fuhrhop Nanna
Published: March 2021

Writing systems show variation in stem spellings,
for example with double consonant letters. In German, the double
consonant is always preserved (e.g., rennen –
rennt, “to run – runs”), while in Dutch it is not
(rennen – rent). In English  is
normally not preserved (running – run), though in
French it varies: bonne – bon (“well” feminine –
masculine), donner – donne (“to give – (I) give”).
There are different regularities for double consonant spellings in
all four languages; thus, stem constancy varies in strength
depending on the language. In order to develop a typology of writing
systems, language-specific types and limitations of stem constancy
need to be described in greater detail. This chapter will do this by
examining the above-mentioned four languages. It will compare the
strength and degree of systematicity of stem constancy, as well as
issues of frequency. Mark Aronoff was always interested in spelling
systems and he is a morphologist – so this chapter is dedicated to
Mark.
Major lexical categories and graphemic weight
Authors: Berg Kristian
Published: March 2021

English spelling has a very interesting
regularity: there exists a minimum word length for lexical words.
Words of this class have to be at least three letters long, even if
they consist of only two phonemes and could be spelled with two
letters (e.g., ebb/*eb, egg/*eg).
This regularity does not hold for function words (e.g.,
a, I, be,
he, it, etc.). This means that
an important distinction between words (lexical vs. functional) is
mirrored in the writing system. In a study of Early Modern English
texts, I demonstrate that this regularity evolved gradually over the
course of 200 years. This is a case of self-organization in
spelling: without explicit guidance or regulation, the pattern
emerged in usage. The proposed function of having separate
constraints for the length of lexical words and function words is a reading aid.
Two-suffix combinations in native and non-native English
Authors: Manova Stela , Knell Georgia
Published: March 2021

We demonstrate the existence of a novel type of
morphomic structure: the suffix combination in word formation. We
ran two psycholinguistic experiments with 45 native and 30
non-native English speakers, asking them to judge whether or not
existing and non-existing two-suffix combinations presented without
bases occur in English. Both groups identified existing and
non-existing suffix combinations with very high accuracy; productive
combinations were recognized more accurately than unproductive ones.
Our research shows that suffix combinations are listed in the mental
lexicon as morphomes. This finding accords with recent research in
natural language processing that induces a language’s patterns,
rules, and semantics based entirely on form relations. We also
discuss other possible applications of the morphome outside of
theoretical linguistics.
El género tesis de licenciatura en lingüística
Authors: Lobos Ignacio , Venegas René
Published: March 2021

Abstracta

El estudio de los géneros discursivos académicos ha recibido una especial atención en la última década. No
obstante, los estudios sobre el género tesis de licenciatura son escasos, especialmente desde la perspectiva léxico-gramatical.
Nuestro objetivo es describir léxico-gramaticalmente cada movimiento del género tesis de licenciatura en lingüística, a partir de
la extracción y cuantificación de trigramas de lemas en 33 tesis de licenciatura en lingüística. Para ello se utiliza la
lingüística de corpus, pues permite etiquetar automáticamente sus unidades léxicas e identificar patrones de lemas usados para el
análisis estadístico. Entre los hallazgos se destaca que los trigramas de lemas diferencian en un 99,3% los movimientos. Además,
se identifican los trigramas propios de cada movimiento, estos se relacionan funcionalmente con los propósitos comunicativos. Los
hallazgos establecen una clara relación entre las formas lingüísticas y las funciones comunicativas en este género. Los resultados
tienen aplicaciones para el desarrollo de herramientas de apoyo a la escritura desde una pedagogía basada en el género.
First-principles characterisation of structural and electronic properties of some RuO2 crystals
Authors: Maurya V , Sharma G , Joshi K B
Published: March 2021

Density functional theory at the level of LDA, GGA, LDA + U, GGA + U and hybrid functionals is applied to investigate structural and electronic properties of three RuO2 crystals. The rutile structure, and the pyrite and flourite modifications of RuO2 are undertaken. The structural properties, enthalpy-pressure curves, electronic states, and Fermi surfaces are presented. The enthalpy-pressure curves show that pressure causes the rutile-RuO2 to transform into pyrite and flourite phases. The pyrtie phase transforms in the fluorite phase. All calculations point out pressure induced rutile → pyrite phase transition in confirmation with the experimental studies. The pyrite → fluorite transition is pointed out by current calculations. The rutile and pyrite crystals are metals while hypothetical fluorite is a semiconductor. All calculations show s that the fluorite has an indirect bandgap in the 0.57–2.96 eV range. The Fermi surface of metallic rutile structure using GGA + U shows improvement over GGA on comparison with the measurement. The GGA + U calculations suggest that rutile → fluorite and pyrite → fluorite metal-insulator transitions are accompanied by orbital ordering.
Pushing run-and-tumble particles through a rugged channel
Authors: Bijnens Bram , Maes Christian
Published: March 2021

We analyze the case of run-and-tumble particles pushed through a rugged channel both in the continuum and on the lattice. The current characteristic is non-monotone in the external field with the appearance of a current and nontrivial density profile even at zero field for asymmetric obstacles. If an external field is exerted against the direction of that zero-field current, then the resulting current decreases with persistence at small field and increases with persistence at large field. Activity in terms of self-propulsion increases the maximal current and postpones dying. We give an effective theoretical description with wider validity.
Planning of Service Mobile Robot Based on Convolutional LSTM Network
Authors: Yin Shuai , Yuschenko Arkady
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes method that can complete motion planning in one step using convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. Service mobile robot movement from the starting position to the target position includes three main tasks: mapping, positioning, motion planning. The convolutional LSTM network mainly is used to complete motion planning. The input of the network is a GRB picture with obstacles, target position, starting position. The outputs of the network are linear velocity and angular velocity of service mobile robot. The convolution layer of the network is to mark obstacles, target position and starting position. LSTM layer describes the time characteristics of movement and full connected layer is used to smoothly fit linear velocity and angular velocity of service mobile robot. The convolutional LSTM network can complete tasks of path finding and control, that is, mapping pictures with obstacles, target position, starting position to linear velocity and angular velocity of service mobile robot. Compared with traditional separate solutions for motion tasks, this method has obvious advantages such as good fault tolerance and complete motion tasks planning in real time. In experiment, a mobile robot “Turtlebot” based on ROS systems was used to verify the effectiveness and convenience of the method for motion planning.
Application of Machine Learning for E-justice
Authors: Metsker O , Trofimov E , Kopanitsa G
Published: March 2021

Decision support systems (DSS) in law enforcement have a long history. Starting from the late 50s, they have been developed through several architectural approaches. Still, having a proven capability of DSSes to improve legal practice, the real-world application is limited due to multiple issues, including lack of trust, interpretability, validity, scalability, etc. The paper develops a service-based decision support platform for machine learning applications for eGovernance and internal policy modelling and presents a case study of the application of the platform for the case of migration law enforcement. We have developed a decision support platform a number of micro services that connect with each other asynchronously via the REST protocol. The artificial intelligence core of the platform was built upon a knowledge base, which includes machine learning models and methods. In this work we have developed a method of structuring, analysis of legal data models based on machine learning. In the course of computational experiment, the efficiency of the developed method was proved and the interpretation of the obtained results was performed to provide recommendations for the enhancement of administrative regulation.
Efficient Roughness and Small Wear
Authors: Voinov Kirill
Published: March 2021

The reliability for the surfaces of friction directly depends on the shape and size of the roughness (and material of course) which there are on the surfaces of the mobile pair of friction (body and counter body). The movement even for the one part leads to detach small parts from the surface of friction. This process has the name wear/wear and tear or deterioration. Usually, this action is escorted with the physical phenomenon as the heating. In this case both the firmness and the wear resistance begin to fall/diminish essentially. In this article one important factor will be described in detail. It connects with the analysis how we can make all lugs in a roughness more stable during the real operation. Several ways will be demonstrated and described here. Moreover, applied calculations and figures confirm the theoretical positions as well. At last, some negative estimates during the processes of calculations and dimensions at the present time are given and the methods how to avoid them in practice using new achievements and recommendations.
Defect Identification Detection Research for Insulator of Transmission Lines Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Fan P , Shen H M , Zhao C , Wei Z , Yao J G , Zhou Z Q , Fu R , Hu Q
Published: March 2021

Traditional method of insulator defect identification is manually operated, which has low efficiency and high cost. Therefore, an automatic method of insulator defect identification is proposed in this paper. Firstly, image segmentation was operated by classification method of Random Forest (RF) to realize the object recognition of the insulator. Then, the method of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was adopted to classify the normal and defect states of insulators, and finally, the location of self-explosion defect identification was realized by Faster Region-Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN). A large number of images of insulators taken by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) were used as experimental data to verify the method. The results show that the method in this paper could efficiently identify the defects of insulators, and the recognition rate reached 89.0%. The results can provide some references for the research of insulator defect identification of transmission lines.
Modeling of Performance Decay Prediction Based on LSTM-SVM Flexible Circuit Board Processing Roll
Authors: Huang Guanze , Li Weijie , Deng Yaohua
Published: March 2021

The roller is the core component of the flexible material roll-to-roll equipment, and its performance will affect the processing quality, so it is necessary to predict the health of the roller. In order to improve the prediction accuracy and effectively extract the time sequence information hidden in the signal, a LSTM-SVM-based processing roll performance degradation prediction model is proposed. By collecting the bearing vibration sensor data, extracting the characteristics of the vibration signal after normalization, using the extracted features as the input of the prediction model, inputting a part of the samples as the training set into the LSTM-SVM prediction model, and inputting the model in batches for network training, and Adjustment parameters. After the model is trained, use the test set for testing. Compared with support vector machines, the SLTM-SVM model is more effective in predicting the performance degradation of roll-to-roll equipment.
Brand-new Speech Animation Technology based on First Order Motion Model and MelGAN-VC
Authors: Chen Shaomin , Gao Xinyi , Wang Jiangtao , Xiao Yu , Zhang Yueling , Xu Gang
Published: March 2021

Speech animation has huge application potential in instant messaging and entertainment media fields such as videophones, virtual meetings, audio and video chats. The traditional voice-driven speech animation has the problem of a single adaptation language, and the performance-driven speech animation has the problem of high cost of capture equipment and difficult mass production. Based on the above existing problems, we propose a new method of speech animation generation, that is, given a static portrait of a person and a face-driven video, finally generate a face animation video of the character in the given portrait. The conversion system consists of two parts: face conversion and voice conversion. We noticed that the final generated face animation video has problems such as low definition, not smooth playback, and metallic sound. On this basis, this article proposes to increase the animation enhancement experiment and replace the encoder measures for improvement. Through comparative experiments, the above measures are proved to be effective.
Research and Application of Train Online Health Status Detection Based on Feedforward Neural Network
Authors: Zuo Jianyong , Feng Furen , He Yixin
Published: March 2021

A large amount of data is generated during train operation. By using PHM technology, we can analyse the health status of train systems and equipment which guide train operation and maintenance scientifically and effectively. Based on the feedforward neural network, the paper introduces some research of train on health status, such as remaining life prediction. To better verify the method, an online health analysis equipment suitable for train CAN bus is designed. The method and equipment are tested based on the data of a real train braking system, and the results show that the remaining predicted mileage of the brake system decreased by 1.1%, and the remaining predicted maintenance time decreased by 2.3% because of the impact of fault injection technology on brake cylinder performance. The result proved the effectiveness of the method and equipment for the online health status analysis of trains.
Scale Adaptive Block Target Tracking Based on Multi-layer Convolution Features and Kernel Correlation Filter
Authors: Zhang Ting , Hu Dong , Zhang Jing
Published: March 2021

Target tracking is currently a hot research topic in Computer Vision and has a wide range of use in many research fields. However, due to factors such as occlusion, fast motion, blur and scale variation, tracking method still needs to be deeply studied. In this paper, we propose a block target tracking method based on multi-convolutional layer features and Kernel correlation filter. Our method divides the tracking process into two parts: target position estimation and target scale estimation. First, we block the target frame based on the condition number. Second, we extract the features by the convolutional layer and apply it to the kernel correlation filter to get the center position of different block targets. With the reliability of different blocks measured by the Barker coefficient, the overall target position center is obtained. Then, the affine transformation is adopted to achieve the scale adaptation. The algorithm in this paper is evaluated by the public video sequences in OTB-2013. Numerous experimental results demonstrate that the proposed tracking method can achieve target scale adaptation and effectively improve the tracking accuracy.
Research on the Effects of DC Grounding Electrode of Yanmenguan Converter Station on the Earthing Network of Substation and Windfarm Based on CDEGS Software
Authors: Cheng Xiaosheng , Zhao Yanping , Shi Weiguang , Wang Kesheng , Liu Wei , Cai Xinjing
Published: March 2021

It is of importance to assess the electromagnetic influcence of HVDC converter station on buried metal facilities of AC substations, fossil-fuel plants, windfarms and pipelines. Electromagnetic interference model was established based on the experimental measurement of soil resistivity and actual physical location. It was shown that the grounding potential rise (GPR) of Yijing 220kV substation, Banjing wind farm, Nanhuashan wind farm, Jiyangshan wind farm, Liugou wind farm and Limin wind farm exceeded the standard. The effects of distance, soil resistivity and injected current on GPR were also investigated. The results can provide reference significance for design and maintance of HVDC transmission engineering.
Key Technology and Open Test Method of Rail Train Field bus
Authors: Song Jianwei , Cui Jinxue
Published: March 2021

With the continuous development of the rail transit field, the communication between trains and vehicles has received extensive attention. Therefore, various international organizations have studied and formulated various communication network standards. At present, the field buses used in rail transit at home and abroad (except Japan) are mainly TCN (Train Communication Network), WorldFIP bus and LonWorks bus. This article describes and compares these three types of field buses.
Analog Considerations for Designing a Potentiostat in a PSoC: Sources of Errors and Compensation Techniques
Authors: Lopin Prattana , Lopin Kyle V
Published: March 2021

Designing with a Programmable System on a Chip (PSoC) allows for entire circuit designs to be implemented with a single commercially available chip and eliminates the need to physically assemble electronic components. This is possible as the PSoC incorporates a microcontroller with digital and analog components into a single package. While this design allows for much easier implementation of circuits, there are some drawbacks. In this paper we will demonstrate one of those drawbacks, high routing resistance in parts of the analog mesh that connects the analog parts and external pins. We show how this resistance can cause measurement errors when the PSoC is implemented as a single chip potentiostat. As the internal analog routing resistance is in the kΩ range, measuring currents in the Kॅ range can cause mV errors, leading to lose of voltage control during electrochemical experiments. We also demonstrate a calibration routine to compensate for this voltage error that reduced the error by over 90%.
Research on Transmission Equipment Defect Detection based on Edge Intelligent Analysis
Authors: Shen H M , Fan P , Wei Z , Zhao C , Zhou S , Wu Q R
Published: March 2021

In the transmission system, the continuous load operation and the external environment will make the equipment fault hidden danger, which will affect the stable operation of the transmission system. In this paper, an edge intelligent analysis system of transmission equipment defect image recognition is proposed. The system migrates the cloud image recognition to the edge. Feature Pyramid Network(FPN) is introduced into Single Shot MultiBox Detector(SSD) object detection algorithm based on MobileNet v1 feature extraction network to detect defects of different sizes in large-size, small-size, tower and insulator equipment. So as to realize the rapid positioning of defects and upload the results to the cloud. The results of system application show that the accuracy and recall rate of the proposed system are high. In the case of ensuring the detection accuracy, it meets the real-time requirements of detection. The system can effectively improve the automation level of transmission equipment operation and maintenance. While improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of transmission lines, the safe operation of the transmission system is ensured.
Coordination Control and Suitability Evaluation of Multiple Ice-Storage Tanks in an Air-conditioning System Under Unreliable Communication
Authors: Yu Meng , Hu Wenbo , Huo Weiqiang , Cui Cui , Zhu Liangliang , Liu Jiaji , Wang Yao
Published: March 2021

Electric energy is an important part of building energy consumption, and air-conditioning accounted for most of the consumption of electric energy. Ice storage air conditioning is widely concerned because of its strong adjustability. Due to the limited space, it is often necessary to use multiple ice storage devices simultaneously to meet the application requirements. In this paper, a distributed coordination method for multiple ice storage devices is presented, which can allocate storage tasks according to the capacity of the device. Each device only needs to communicate with its neighbouring cold storage device, and finally achieve the control goal through distributed iteration. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is analysed by rigorous mathematics. If the communication topology between devices is connected, the algorithm can converge to the expected point. Finally, the validity and suitability of the algorithm and the correctness of theoretical analysis are verified and evaluation by digital simulation.
Design and Implementation of An Intelligent Vehicle Monitoring System
Authors: Sheng Xiaohua , Chen Hao , Wan Mengyi , Gu Gongchuan , Liu Zhicheng , Wang Xixi
Published: March 2021

Illegal behaviours often occur in using public cars in the enterprise. To detect abnormal vehicle usage, we propose an intelligent vehicle monitoring system. This system adopts the architecture of separating the front end and back end. Automatically alarm for exceptional vehicle usage by data analyzing and show the statistical results in the form of dynamic charts. This system enables enterprises and institutions to effectively grasp the shared data resources and promotes the informatization, standardization, integration and intelligence of vehicle management, so as to improve work efficiency and economic benefits.
Proof-of-Concept (POC) of Restaurant’s food requests in the Lisk Blockchain/sidechain
Authors: Alves Davi
Published: March 2021

Request food online is daily present in the life of people, however, it is necessary to send delivery information to different restaurant systems and sometimes these restaurants share customer sensitive information with their partners without the authorization of the customer creating a security risk with customers data. Also, in most cases when a person travels to a different country and wants to request food online, it is necessary to use the local currency, requiring a currency exchange operation. This paper evaluates a proof-of-concept (POC) of the integration of blockchain in the food industry, allowing customers to order food online through a sidechain, an exclusive blockchain with specific custom transaction types for restaurants. The FoodTransaction type is responsible to order food and store cryptographically customer sensitive information that only the customer itself and the requested restaurant can read, hence it respects customer privacy. Furthermore, the blockchain cryptocurrency can be used anywhere in the world. The performance evaluation shows a great advance in throughput when compared to the use of the payment solution on Bitcoin applications. Finally, the results show the possibility to extend the restaurant sidechain business to several restaurants in the world and in different time zones.
A Data Access Control Method Based on Blockchain
Authors: Ma Jun Wei , Xue Hong Lin , Wang Feng , An Yi , Han Dong Hui , Wang Dong , Zhao Min , Bi Sheng
Published: March 2021

In the digital era, a large amount of data is generated every day and recorded on the storage system. Access control is an important mechanism for ensuring data privacy and security. Data accessing control model of traditional storage system is centralized, which has threatened the information security of users. As blockchain is emerging technology which is widely used in the area of data privacy preserving, in this paper we proposed a decentralized access control model via blockchain based smart contracts implementation. Once satisfying the conditions set by users, visitors could apply to the blockchain for authentication, then obtain permission to access user data and operate the data, finally achieving secure access control of user data. In our experiment, we build the blockchain system based on Hyperledger Fabric project and evaluate both the efficiency of writing and the verification of access permission. The result shows our model’s usability and efficiency.
Research on Network Security Risk Assessment Method Based on Improved AHP
Authors: Li Juan , Yan Lina , Wang Jingyu , Fu Tao
Published: March 2021

Aiming at the problem that the data cannot pass the consistency test in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), an improved AHP is proposed. The implementation scheme of the improved AHP based on D-S evidence theory and gray theory is designed, and matlab is used for simulation experiment. The results show that the improved method can effectively enhance the reliability of network security risk assessment results.