bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adjustments of Women Students at BUC
Authors: Rubeiz Dr. Ghassan
Published: March 2020

The theoretical framework of this study deals with the problems of adjustments of college women in an Arab university.
Aziza Hussein
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Aziza Hussein: Egypt
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Under “The Bill for the Protection of Women and Family Members Against Domestic Violence”
Authors: Zalzal Marie-Rose
Published: March 2020

Violence against women is directly linked to the historic discrimination against them. It is an expression of the gendered imbalance of power that has resulted in a gap intensified by the existing legal, social, and cultural institutions. Eliminating gender-based violence can only be achieved by addressing gender gaps, which require the adoption of specialized policies and programs. The Lebanese government ratified the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women in 1996, and civil society utilizes it as a standard reference to eliminate discrimination against women from the existing legislations as well as to improve on them1 in order to create a more women-friendly environment.
Prologue: The Black Day
Authors: Al-Hardan Anaheed
Published: March 2020

Come here grandmother, take a seat next to me, and let us be very clear. Tell me about those lines that crease your olive skin, leaving behind them endless trails of a thousand silent sorrows. Of the lost world in which only comfortable familiarity arose on the edge of the eastern sun towards the lands of the Prophet and dutifully set in the west towards the lands of those people who they told you were the Crusaders. Those days in which your friends were the laurel and the carob trees, and in which your lives were named with vivid events.
Women in the Middle East: Past and Present
Authors: El Cheick Nadia
Published: March 2020

Anyone engaged in the study of Islamic and Middle Eastern women’s history will be familiar with the vast output of Nikki Keddie in this field. Her contributions have been seminal in propelling the investigation of women and gender relations in a variety of historical contexts. This book includes both new and old material, brought together by the author’s formidable goal of providing a general synthesis of the state of the field at this moment. Relying on the rapidly evolving expansion ofresearch and scholarly output, it covers the period from pre-Islam until the present.
Islamic Masculinities
Authors: Kanafani Samar
Published: March 2020

There is a great dearth of studies on masculinities in the Islamic and Arab world, and emerging literature on ‘subaltern’ masculinities (in this region at least) comes mostly in the form of collected essays as opposed to single-author, depth-of-field treatises. But even as it grows, this young field seems to avoid building up a canon, and this is by no means a criticism. Practitioners in this field, as in this particular collection of essays, have opted for multiplicity in form as well as content rather than any unitary voice.
A Transnational Dialogue from the Arab-Argentine Immigrant Press
Authors: Logroño Narbona María del Mar
Published: March 2020

Beyond the geographical borders of the Middle East, discourses and debates about Middle Eastern women played an important role in the Arabic immigrant press inthe Mahjar (diaspora). This article explores the particular case of al-Istiklaal in the final moments and aftermath of the Great Syrian Revolt, “the largest, longest, andmost destructive of the Arab Middle Eastern revolts” (Provence, 2005, p. 12). From its first issue in June 1926 until late 1929, this Arab-Argentine newspaper systematically attacked the French Mandate and advocated for an independent Syria and Lebanon, which should be part of a larger pan-Arab political entity.
Empowering Women, Developing Society: Female Education in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Roudi-Fahimi Faraneh , Moghadam Valentine M.
Published: March 2020

Education is a key part of strategies to improve individuals' well-being and societies' economic and social development. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) (countries and territories included in the Middle East and North Africa as defined here are listed in Table 1), access to education has improved dramatically over the past few decades, and there have been a number of encouraging trends in girls' and women's education (see Figure 1). Primary school enrolment is high or universal in most MENA countries, and gender gaps in secondary school enrolment have already disappeared in several countries. Women in MENA countries are also more likely to enrol in universities than they were in the past.
Opening Speech
Authors: Turk Donna
Published: March 2020

I would like to point out the fact that the forum plays a critical role in emphasizing the dynamism of the academic environment in Lebanon and enhancing its impact on Arab women. This will be made clear through different statements made by an elite group of Arab women who have excelled in many political, social, and business arenas.
A Practical Approach to Female Empowerment
Authors: Khader Faris
Published: March 2020

Like many Palestinians, 32-year-old Manzur calls Gaza a prison, the biggest in the world. He lives a short distance from Gaza City in Beach Camp, home to 50,000 refugees. True to its name, the camp is by the sea, but even the beach here is blighted by the squalor and overcrowding. Manzur is lucky to have a job, as a hotel security guard, but earns too little to buy a flat or hope to attract a bride. He lives with his parents, four sisters, eight brothers and a grandfather. They share four rooms between them (The Guardian, July 27, 2000).
Remembering Rose Ghurayyib
Authors: Nassar Anita Farah
Published: March 2020

In the early 1900s, when young women rarely had access to education, Rose Ghurayyib's strong belief in women's right to enlightenment enabled her to pursue higher studies and spread progressive education among young Arab women and girls.
Family Laws: The Changing and the Pseudo-Eternal
Authors: Hamadeh Najla
Published: March 2020

Laws are a basic necessity of civilized living. They organize the various functions in society, ensure property rights, and aim to restrain transgression by stipulating to punish or rehabilitate transgressors. Laws also define the rights and responsibilities of each person vis-à-vis the state and with respect to other people. This is why they are an integral part, indeed a justification, of any theory of social contract.
Round Table: Personal Status Laws
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Personal Status Laws were the subject of a round table discussion held at the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World in January 2005. The participants were Dr. Bechir Bilani, Attorney at law, Mohammad Matar, Attorney at law, Ahmad El-Zein, Attorney at law, Judge Arlette Juraysati, and Dr. Ibrahim Najjar. The moderator was Dr. Najla Hamadeh. Also present were Dr. Dima Dabbous-Sensenig, Acting Director of the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World, and Myriam Sfeir, Assistant Editor of Al-Raida.
Activisms in Egypt
Authors: Lewis Leslie R.
Published: March 2020

In spite of rhetoric about an incipient citizen’s democracy in Egypt, civil conditions are such that they militate against organized change. There is a sustained (23-year) state of emergency which limits public protest, political parties and civil organizations. Depressed economic conditions tend to draw people away from social and political concerns in favor of basic survival. In spite of this, a growing minority of citizens do engage in numerous diverse forms of activism. Women form a large part of this cadre. Contrary to the stereotypical depiction of them as passivevictims of patriarchal oppression, women have organized themselves for over a century around various feminist, nationalist and religious causes. They have challenged both state authority, and prevailing gender ideologies and practices that shape their everyday lives (Al-Ali 2003).
A Dream Come True
Authors: Husseini Rana
Published: March 2020

Maha Barghouti is a name Jordanians will remember for the longest time. She was the first and only athlete to grant Jordan its first ever gold medal in an Olympic event in December 2000. Barghouti's achievement during the Sydney Paralympics in the Wheelchair table tennis competition lifted Jordan's flag waving in Sydney's skies. "I always dreamt of being the one who will lift Jordan's name high in an Olympic event, and thank God my dream came true," Barghouti said.
Film Festival: Women and Sexuality
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Film Festival:Women and Sexuality (June 28-30, 2004)
Educating Ms. Fatima
Authors: Walters Tim , Swan Susan , Wolfe Ron , Whiteoak John , Barwind Jack
Published: March 2020

The United Arab Emirates is a smallish Arabic/Islamic country about the size of Maine located at the tip of the Arabian Peninsula. Though currently oil dependent, the country is moving rapidly from a petrocarbon to a people-based economy. As that economy modernizes and diversifies, the country’s underlying social ecology is being buffeted. The most significant of the winds of change that are blowing include a compulsory, free K-12 education system; an economy shifting from extractive to knowledge-based resources; and movement from the almost mythic Bedouin-inspired lifestyle to that of a sedentary highly urbanized society. Led by resource-rich Abu Dhabi and Dubai, the federal government has invested heavily in tourism, aviation, re-export commerce, free trade zones, and telecommunications. The Emirate of Dubai, in particular, also has invested billions of dirhams in high technology. The great dream is that educated and trained Emiratis will replace the thousands of foreign professionals now running the newly emerging technology and knowledge-driven economy.
Young Media Women
Authors: Issa Nahawand Al-Kadri
Published: March 2020

Searching for definitions and classifications of innovation took me a lot of time, and I almost fell in the trap of the male standard authority, which defines what is beautiful and what is not, and sets the standards of success and failure. I was faced with puzzling and confusing questions such as: Is there a feminine innovation that is different from the male one? I almost overlooked the whole topic, convinced that placing innovation in fixed stereotypes would strangle innovation itself. Nevertheless, some interviews that I carried out with young media women encouraged me to take the chance, to go beyond innovative and non-innovative definitions and classifications and to play the game of innovation itself based on the game of life continuity. I kept moving up and then down the innovation threshold as I saw fit, in an attempt to recreate it.
The Mind Complains and the Body Suffers
Authors: Baydoun Azzah Shararah
Published: March 2020

Arab Women’s Guide to Mental Health
Gender-Based Discrimination in the Area of Nationality
Authors: Nashabe Omar
Published: March 2020

The United Nations’ International Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) held its 64th session from February to March in Geneva, Switzerland. On March 3rd and 4th the committee considered the fourteenth to sixteenth periodic reports of Lebanon on its implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (in accordance with article 9 of the CERD).
Writing their Own Way: American Women, Palestine’s Bedouins and Issues of Safety in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Ross-Nazzal Jim
Published: March 2020

Throughout the nineteenth century, more and more Americans traveled abroad, especially after the American Civil War (1861-1865). Many, upon their return home, published their travel accounts. I have collected and analysed the published accounts of fifty American women. What follows is an investigation into how American women travelers who ventured to Palestine perceived and interacted with Palestine’s Bedouin populations by examining their published travel accounts.
Arab Women’s Movements: Late Subject of History
Authors: Sayigh Rosemary
Published: March 2020

Women’s movements in the Arab world seemed both a necessary and a difficult choice as topic for Al-Raida’s 100th issue. Necessary because it is surely one of Al-Raida’s chief raisons d’etre to discover and re-present women-based organizing throughout this vast area. Difficult because of the short time for collecting materials, unevenness of research and knowledge, disconnections between activists, organizations, and regions, and the rapid recent expansion of women’s NGOs that makes even listing them a major project. In spite of the number of women and gender study centers that exist in Arab countries, the data they have is still slight and hard to access.1 Many women’s organizations still don’t have electronic mail, especially in the poorer countries. Above all, there’s no single center whose function is to accumulate studies, collate, connect and disseminate them.
“Le désir amputé, sexual experience of Lebanese women”
Authors: Badawi Marie-Thérèse Khair
Published: March 2020

It has been thirteen years and a half years since L’Harmattan published my work “Le désir amputé” on the sexual experience of the Christian woman in a traditional Lebanese society, and fifteen and a half years since it has been submitted as a PhD thesis. Ever since, solicitations concerning the same theme at meetings, in periodicals … have been at the origin of further publications on sexual education, the male/female relationship, the experience of the body, etc …
Red Lips
Authors: Ghoussoub Mai
Published: March 2020

‘We are building an Installation on the theme of refugees. One part of the installation consists of objects that you could carry along if you had to leave your home, at a short notice, with an unknown future.’ The objects sent to the artists carried mainly memories of survival: keys, deeds, diplomas, radios, purses… One item looked puzzling and defied what seemed essential for a future of migration into the unknown: a red, strong strident lipstick tube! A light and superfluous memory into the future, or was it so?
Is There a Lesbian Identity in the Arab Culture?
Authors: Al-Ghafari Dr. Iman
Published: March 2020

The subject of female homosexuality in the Arab intellectual tradition has always been one of absence or dismissal. This can be attributed to the fact that female sexuality is mostly seen as primarily heterosexual in a predominantly patriarchal culture. Consequently, erotic relations among women are devalued as a temporary substitute for the love of men, and are considered of no real threat to the dominant heterosexual system as long as they remain undercover, or in the closet. Because homoerotic desire “defies social norms, breaks patternsand expectations for relationships” (Hart 69), homosexuality is a taboo subject that is rarely dealt with in Arabic literature. Hence, my main interest in this paper is to examine the grass roots of the lesbian identity in feminist discourse, and to relate the representations of lesbians in some interdisciplinary publications in lesbian studies to two recent Arabic novels: Misk Al-Ghazal (Women of Sand and Myrrh, 1986) by Hanan Al-Shaykh, and Ana, Hiya, Anti (I am You, 2000) by Elham Mansour.
The Role of the UN Agencies in Women’s Development in Lebanon
Authors: Al-Abiad Rania
Published: March 2020

Women in Lebanon often suffer from widespread discrimination that seems to inhibit their full participation in society. Discrimination manifests itself, for example, in the lack of full human rights and in scant provisions for educational opportunities. Other instances include under-representation in the political spheres and in decision-making positions, unequal access to health services, as well as subjugation to a patriarchal system of living. Many women feel that they are prohibited from freely expressing their ideas and their wishes, and fear being alienated from the social milieu in which they live. Moreover, even into the twenty first century, incidents of honor crimes still echo in the far outskirts of the country. While Lebanon is witnessing breakthroughs in many social, technological, economic, and other civic spheres, much remains to be done, when it comes to women.
Building People not Building Prisons
Authors: Khudr Adele
Published: March 2020

In the popular point of view, prisons are thought of as crime fighting-devices. Hence, in the 18th century, exile, execution and exposing offenders to various forms of corporal punishment were the most common penalties for criminal acts. Although jails were commonplace, imprisonment was viewed as a temporary restriction rather than the prescribed penalty for crime. Retribution was considered as the prime motivation for official punishment.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

“Three men inmates entered her cell, apparently given access to the isolation unit by guards. They dragged her from the cot, punching and pulling her. One pinned herdown on the floor and clamped her with handcuffs; another forced open her legs; the third penetrated her.Repeatedly she was beaten, raped and cursed. She blacked out and lost track of time.
Women in Detention in the Middle East: A Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Rishmawi Mervat
Published: March 2020

Women in the Middle East are systematically subjected to discrimination, prejudice, stereotypical treatment, and lack of protection by the law, customs and practice. Nowhere is this more evident than upon arrest or detention where they often find themselves subject to double discrimination : firstly, as “criminals”, or offenders, and secondly as women. The protective Arab culture of the “honor” and “interest” of the woman suddenly vanishes, and what is normally seen as the unacceptable, suddenly becomes acceptable.
Workshop Report: Human Rights in Prison
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Omar Nashabe, an instructor of human rights at the Lebanese American University (LAU) and an instructor of Sociology at the American University of Beirut (AUB) and Haigazian University, is currently working on a voluntary basis, to improve the situation of human rights in Lebanese prisons. Nashabe earned his BA at the American University of Beirut and MA in Social Policy at the State University of New York (SUNY), and it is in those university years that he got interested in crime, deviance and rehabilitation.
Testimonies
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Testimonies
And They Call This Peace!
Authors: Tarazi Monica
Published: March 2020

Live testimony from occupied Jerusalem: "I wrote this last night when I got home from Jerusalem. It is neither clever nor analytical. But it's what I saw. And what I saw was heartbreaking." Monica Tarazi
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

"Various definitions of empowerment for women exist. Empowerment is a process of gaining understanding of, and control over, the political forces around one as a means of improving one's standing in society. This requires awareness of one's situation, skill acquisition that enables change, and working jointly in effecting change. It involves 'claiming equality' instead of waiting for others to provide it. Empowerment can be used for social mobilization, changing women's state of mind, and gaining access to the bases of social power. ... Empowerment begins when women 'change their ideas about the causes of their powerlessness, when they recognize the systemic forces that oppress them, and when they act to change the conditions of their lives. '" (Women in the Third World: An Encyclopedia of Contemporary Issues, pp. 498 - 499)
An Interview with CAWTAR's Executive Director, Soukeina Bouraoui
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

An Interview with CAWTAR's Executive Director Soukeina Bouraoui
Recent Publications/Call for papers/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Call for Papers: The 3rd Bangkok Gender and Equity Conference will take place from 5-7 January, 2000 in Bangkok, Thailand
Summary of Conference Papers
Authors: Sinno Dania
Published: March 2020

Summary of Conference Papers
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

"Is it true that we had all lived more or less ordinary lives in the way that women do, or thought we had, anyway. But here we were, six women from varying backgrounds, all having made it through wars, financial ups and downs, jobs, marriages, births, deaths, divorces, disillusionments, successes, and all the publicand private events of more than 60 years running, and we were claiming to have nothing of interest to say!
Women in Lebanon Tell Their Lives
Authors: Sayigh Rosemary
Published: March 2020

Oral history as research approach emerges partly from nineteenth century European romantic nationalism, with its enthusiasm for folk-lore and folk-narrative, partly from journalistic investigation into social conditions, for instance Mayhew's study of the London poor (1861) or, much later, the radio journalist Studs Terkel's classic study of the Great Depression (1970).
Sylvana Lakkis: NGO Activist
Authors: Lakkis Sylvana
Published: March 2020

Born in 1968, in Jbeil; currently living in lbeil; recorded in the Beirut office of the Lebanese Sitting Handicapped Association. Language: colloquial/educated Arabic.
Maha Yehia: Academic, Urbanist
Authors: Yehia Maha
Published: March 2020

Born in 1968, in Beirut; at the time of the recording she was living in Beirut; recorded in her Beirut office al Ihe American University. Language: English with some Arabic
CEDAW in the Arab World and the Reservations Presented by Arab Countries
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Out of the twenty-two members of the League of Arab States, only eleven have ratified the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women
Women's Rights in Islam and the Content of CEDAW
Authors: Tay Mohammed
Published: March 2020

The paper sheds light on the positive role religions have played in advocating freedom. Religion liberated man from all forms of oppression, slavery and dominion, and then left to him (the man) the power to act within a general framework based on freedom. However, human beings did not remain commited to this principle, and the strong man has imposed his will over the weak. One of the expressions of such authority was man 's oppression of woman. Apparently, women's rights have been subject to most ambiguity especially in relation to the issue of equality.
Recommendations Presented by the Participating Countries
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Sudan/Jordan
Recent Publications/Conferences/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Conferences: The All China Women's Federation (ACWF) will be hosting a seminar from 18-22 June, 1998 in Beijing, China.
The Agricultural Center of the North
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

In 1994 the Rene Moawad Foundation (RMF), a nongovernmental and non-profit organization whose objective is improving the level of human and social conditions prevailing in Lebanon through economic and development projects, started building an Agricultural Center in the North , with the financial help of the European Union, the Spanish government, and the Spanish foundation Promocion Social de la Cultura.
IWSAW Celebrates International Women's Day With Palestinian Author Sahar Khalifeh
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In celebration of International Women's Day (March 8), the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World (IWSAW), in co-operation with Dar Al-Adab (a publishingcompany) organized on March 7, 1997 an encounter with the Palestinian author Sahar Khalifeh, who was eloquently introduced by Afeefi Arsanios (UNDP - United Nations Development Program). Sahar Khalifeh gave a powerful speech entitled, "Woman and Writing or Feminist Writing", which was followed by a lively discussion. Excerpts from her speech follow.
The Arab Family in Transition
Authors: Hammoud Hassan
Published: March 2020

Learning about Arab culture is a dual process of unlearning the static, oversimplified views that have guided Western thought, then relearning by following a dynamic, analytical approach to a highly complex and contradictory reality ... Unlike mainstream Western scholarship, Arab critical approaches aredeeply embedded in a sense of Arab belonging and a commitment to the transcendence of the prevailing order (Barakat p.181). The intensily transitional nature of contemporary Arab society makes generalization difficult. Arab society today is neither traditional nor modem, old or new, capitalist or socialist or feudal,Eastern or Western, religious or secular; particularistic or universalistic in its cultural orientations (Barakat, p.22).
The Girl in the Lebanese Family
Authors: Ibrahim Saleh
Published: March 2020

It should be evident to those interested in women's issues that the prevailing standards associated with Lebanese women are evidently changing. Given that we are passing through a stage where chaos and contradictions prevail, it is very difficult to obtain precise facts. However, we can shed some light on various aspects related to women's issues in general. One of the prominent features that characterize the transitional period through which we are passing is the sharp split in outlook and convictions pertinent to women. In this article I will analyze the girl ' s status in the Lebanese family and emphasize that she has progressed and that her conditions have improved. I will base my analysis on a brief survey and on published research written on this subject.
Alicia Ghiragossian: The Trilingual Poet
Authors: Kalaidijian Azadouhi Simonian
Published: March 2020

Poetry is the expression of our innermost being: dreams, ideals, passions, and emotions. However, it has ebbed through the tide of the modern technological age, which has crushed and distorted the soul of the individual human being. In such an unpoetic cultural environment, the appearance of souls dedicated to poetry is a rare phenomenon and deserves our appreciation and encouragement.
Women's Rights Are Human Rights
Authors: King-Irani Laurie
Published: March 2020

Women's Rights Are Human Rights
Laure Moughaizel Evaluates Lebanese Laws
Authors: Ismail Ghena
Published: March 2020

Laure Moughaizel Evaluates Lebanese Laws
Islam and Women's Human Rights
Authors: Nahle Rania Ahmed
Published: March 2020

Islam is a full and complete religion which addresses every aspects of life: social. economical, familial. spiritual and political. There is no doubt that there are physiological and psychological differences between men and women. but thisdoes not obviate the fact that they are both human beings endowed with intrinsic rights and worth. Thus. they should be treated equally, taking into consideration the implications of their inherent differences.
Women and AIDS in Lebanon: A Question of Rights and Responsibilities
Authors: King-Irani Laurie
Published: March 2020

The young mother was anxious. Her baby son. 14 months old, did not seem to be gaining much weight and he was continuously beset by health problems.
Arab women novelists: The formative years and beyond
Authors: Aercke Kristiaan
Published: March 2020

by Joseph T. ZeidanAlbany, NY: State University of Albany Press,1995- 363 pages
Jean Said Makdisi , Author and Educator
Authors: Ismail Ghena
Published: March 2020

An interview with Jean Said Makdisi, Professor of Humanities at LAU
Female Circumcision: Culture or Torture?
Authors: Hage Heba
Published: March 2020

The operation lasts just fifteen minutes. A little girl is entirely nude, her legs spread wide apart while she is held down by several women. A traditional practitioner offers a short prayer, takes a sharp razor, and excises the clitoris.She cuts from top to bottom. Then, to ensure adhesion, the practitioner uses four acacia thorns which pierce one side and pass through the other. These are held in place by a thread or horse-hair. The girl is defenseless; her unbearable pain isexpressed in howls.
Editors Come and Go But AI-Raida Remains
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Al-Raida has been a wonderful experience for me during the last 4 years and eight months. It is, however, time for me to move on. I will be moving into another dimension of social development. With me I take, not only the good memories of my time at the Institute but the conviction and commitment to the improvement of women's status and conditions wherever I may be. Through Al-Raida, I learned that there can be nodevelopment without women.
Arab Regional Preparatory Meeting Adopts Plan of Action for Advancentent of Arab Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Arab Regional Preparatory Meeting for the Fourth World Conference on Women adopted "Peace" as its aim for the achievement of development and equality, according to Dr. Sabah Bakjaji, UnderSecretary- General of the United NationsExecutive Secretary of ESCWA. "Peace will allow resources formerly utilized for war to be channeled to development and to achieve the three goals of the conference: providing women with health services and opportunities for education and work, on an equal footing for men" he said at the opening of The Arab Regional Preparatory meeting on November 6-10, 1994, in Amman, Jordan.
Art and Freedom
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

History tells us that slavery existed from early times in ancient Mesopotamia, Pharaonic Egypt, ancient Greece and other cradles of civilization. It continued throughout the Middle Ages and the modem period, during which it diminished, beginning in the United States of America with the Civil War (1861-1865) that abolished black slavery. Although the efforts of the United Nations has somewhat succeeded in eradicating this evil in other parts of the world, slavery continues to exist in a variety of forms such as the trafficking of women and children in Thailand, India, south Asian and other countries in the world.
Etel Adnan
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

When she was seventeen she wanted to become an architect, but her mother was horrified, it's a man's job she had said. ConsequenUy, Etel Adnan went to L'Ecole Superieure Des Lettres, a literary school in Beirut. Her mother's attitude and concurrently that of society created a barrier between Etel and her parents, and she dreamed of leaving the country. Eventually, she got a scholarship and went to the Sorbone in Paris and then on to Berkeley and Harvard in the United States of America.
Health Awareness Among Lebanese Women
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

In an attempt to investigate health awareness among Lebanese women, we administered a random sample survey (see below). The size of the sample is 201 women of which the mqjority are in age bracket between 20 and 30 years old (39.3%), single (58.7%), with a university education (75.1 %) and engaged in remunerated work or employment (57. 7%).
Their Stories
Authors: Yared Nazik Saba
Published: March 2020

Unfortunately, people in Lebanon do not realize how many of their women are battered at home. They are women of all religions, backgrounds and social classes. Sadly, many non-battered women are not empathetic to the fact that others are beaten by their husbands, brothers or sons. Over and again, I am shocked by the reaction of some women friends and acquaintances when I explain the problem to them hoping they would be motivated to contribute to our efforts to help victimized women. Their replies are as follows: these women deserve to be beaten; or like to be beaten; otherwise, why do they accept it.
Reports from Newspapers - November 1993 - March 1994
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Violence against women, especially battery, remains relatively marginal in the responsible coverage of human tragedies_ Violence against women receives little attention, whether in the formal or informal sectors of the Lebanese society. Although it would seem that we are beyond establishing whether it exists or not, mainstream media does not contribute to understanding and evaluating the situation. Furthermore, as this survey will show, there is an evident shortage in valid and reliable data needed to endorse and produce action
Religious Courts
Authors: Hamadeh Nayla Khodr
Published: March 2020

Husbands who physical abuse their wives are not a rare phenomenon. In fact, this type of domestic violence exists in all societies and social strata. This paper investigates the matter through interviews with Lebanese religious authorities who are familiar with relevant court cases.
Tunisia: Protection of the Environment through Management and Exploitation of Solid Waste
Authors: Ammar Samira Bin
Published: March 2020

Urbanization and industrial development are responsible fornumerous manifestations of pollution. Tunisia has witnessed in the last two decades, as in other developing countries, rapid urbanization due to demographic development and to thecreation of several large industrial projects.
Factores personales y contextuales para compatibilizar voluntariado y actividad laboral:
Authors: Ariza Montes Antonio , Morales Gutiérrez Alfonso Carlos
Published: March 2020

El propósito de nuestra investigación consiste en analizar cuáles son los factores que determinan el nivel de dedicación de tiempo a actividades voluntarias en trabajadores por cuenta ajena. Para ello se ha aplicado un modelo de regresión logística a una muestra de 6.334 asalariados en el que se consideran cuatro categorías de factores: personales y familiares, laborales, organizativos y de implicación en la comunidad. Las conclusiones de este estudio son especialmente relevantes en dos ámbitos. Por un lado, para el diseño de una política de responsabilidad social por parte de las empresas que incorpore eﬁcazmente la ﬁgura del voluntariado corporativo considerando los factores relevantes. Por otro, para que las organizaciones del Tercer Sector amplíen su perspectiva más allá del perﬁl tradicional de voluntario que suelen utilizarse.
"Eficiencia y concentración del sistema bancario español"
Authors: López Martín Mª del Carmen
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: MARAVALL, F., GLAVAN, S. Y ANALISTAS FINANCIEROS INTERNACIONALES (2009) Eficiencia y concentración del sistema bancario español. Madrid, Ed. Fundación de las Cajas de Ahorros (FUNCAS), 270 págs.
Palabras de Manuel Segura Morales S. I. en su investidura como doctor honoris causa
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: March 2020

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"Gobernador del Banco de España. Discursos y conferencias"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: Rojo, L. Á. (2012) Gobernador del Banco de España. Discursos y conferencias, Madrid, Banco de España–Eurosistema, 550 pp.
"Conferencia en memoria de Luis Ángel Rojo"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: BANCO DE ESPAÑA (2012) Conferencia en memoria de Luis Ángel Rojo, Madrid, Banco de España, 234 pp.
Por la regeneración democrática de la vida pública en España
Authors: Bocero de la Rosa Francisco José
Published: March 2020

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"Los Estados de Bienestar en la encrucijada. Políticas Sociales en perspectiva comparada"
Authors: Muniategui Azcona Eider
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: PINO MATUTE, E. del y RUBIO LARA, Mª J. (EDS.) (2013) Los Estados de Bienestar en la encrucijada. Políticas Sociales en perspectiva comparada, Madrid, Tecnos, 376 pp.
Valoración de competencias en el título de administración y dirección de empresas:
Authors: De los Ríos Berjillos Araceli , Millán Lara Salud , Ruiz Lozano Mercedes , Tirado Valencia Pilar
Published: March 2020

En el contexto del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), el desarrollo de competencias constituye la formulación concreta sobre cómo llevar a la práctica la formación integral del estudiante universitario. La adaptación al EEES ha supuesto un replanteamiento de los objetivos de los planes de estudio y de las metodologías empleadas en el ámbito universitario.El periodo transcurrido desde su implantación es ya lo suﬁcientemente amplio como para permitir hacer una evaluación sobre el grado de alcance de los objetivos pretendidos en el proceso de formación, en el marco de este nuevo contexto. Mediante un cuestionario se ha obtenido la opinión de alumnos y egresados sobre la importancia de las competencias deﬁnidas en el título en Administración y Dirección de Empresas (ADE) y en qué medida se están desarrollando. El análisis realizado da lugar a conclusiones que permiten emprender acciones de mejora en la acción educativa.
Matías García Gómez y “Fomento Social” (1962–1968)
Authors: Camaño Laraña Ildefonso
Published: March 2020

En esta primera entrega se presenta el contexto histórico –social y eclesial– en que nació el centro “Fomento Social”, fundado por los jesuitas en Madrid en 1926, como obra de la Casa de Escritores de la Compañía de Jesús. En él, veinte años más tarde, nacería la Revista de Fomento Social. El artículo está consagrado a la acción del jesuita Matías García Gómez (1929–2013) que trabajó en la revista como colaborador, así como en el centro citado, en dos etapas: 1962–1968 y 1975–1981. En esta primera parte se aborda el primer periodo, con especial atención a la experiencia de García Gómez en el Concilio Vaticano II y su recepción por la Iglesia española durante la dictadura franquista. Además se presentan las publicaciones de García Gómez durante ese periodo, tanto las relacionadas con el Vaticano II, como los artículos en la Revista de Fomento Social y otras publicaciones.
Crónica de la 25ª Reunión del Grupo Fomento Social
Authors: Margenat Peralta José María
Published: March 2020

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ETEA cumple 50 años
Authors: Romero Rodríguez José Juan , Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: March 2020

Esta nota presenta sintéticamente la historia de la institución cordobesa ETEA con ocasión de su cincuentenario (1963–2013) y, a partir de ella, una breve consideración de su misión educativa universitaria y social, a la que caracteriza como “misión de alcance”, subrayando especialmente dos aspectos: la investigación agraria y la comunidad humana universitaria que ha existido en la institución en este período.
"La Banca que necesitamos. De la crisis bancaria a la banca ética. Una alternativa socialmente responsable"
Authors: Miranda Serrano Luis Mª
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: SANCHIS PALACIO, J. R. (2013) La Banca que necesitamos. De la crisis bancaria a la banca ética. Una alternativa socialmente responsable. Valencia, Publicaciones de la Universidad de Valencia, 158 pp.
"Las empresas sociales. Una nueva dimensión del capitalismo para atender las necesidades más acuciantes de la humanidad"
Authors: Serrano Cañas José Manuel
Published: March 2020

Reseña de la obra de: YUNUS, M. (2011) Las empresas sociales. Una nueva dimensión del capitalismo para atender las necesidades más acuciantes de la humanidad. Barcelona, Paidós, 256 pp.
PREPARATION, PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF LIPASE FROM HEPATOPANCREAS OF TRA (PANGASIUS) CATFISH
Authors: Vuong Thy Bao , Tran Lam Bich , Luu Duan
Published: March 2020

Lipase from the hepatopancreas of Tra (Pangasius) catfish was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion-exhange chromatography on DEAE Cellulose and gel filtration Sephadex G-75. The preparation was homogeneous on polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 37.95 times higher than that of the crude extract. The enzyme showed a molecular weight of 57000 Da. The pH and temperature optima of purified lipase were 8 and 500C respectively. Enzyme activity was enhanced by Ca2+ but inhibited by heavy metals Zn2+, Cd2+, Mg2+.
NEW METHODOLOGY INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING (EMA) AND CLEANER PRODUCTION ASSESSMENT (CPA) TO EFFECTIVELY CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION
Authors: Do Huyen Thi Thu , Le Hai Thanh
Published: March 2020

Environmental management accounting (EMA) and cleaner production assessment (CPA) both are considered effective tools to assist industries improve their production performance, minimize pollution and progress toward sustainable development. The paper presents the development of a suitable methodology integrating these two tools in order to facilitate approach of EMA to industries, to reflect environmental costs in the company’s financial statements for more sustainable business plans and accurate evaluation of the effectiveness of applied CP measures. This method is expected to be a new solution for the difficulties of EMA in approaching industries and for the limitations of existing accounting system in quantifying efficiencies of CP measures.
VOLATILITY IN STOCK RETURN SERIES OF VIETNAM STOCK MARKET
Authors: Vo Vinh Xuan , Nguyen Ngan Thi Kim
Published: March 2020

This paper studies the features of the stock return volatility using GARCH models and the presence of structural breaks in return variance of VNIndex in the Vietnam stock market by using the iterated cumulative sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm. Using a long-span data, GARCH and GARCH in mean (GARCH-M) models seems to be effective in describing daily stock returns’ features. About structural breaks, when applying ICSS to standardized residuals filtered from GARCH (1, 1) model, the number of volatility shifts significantly decreases in comparison with the raw return series. Events corresponding to those breaks and altering the volatility pattern of stock return are found to be country-specific. Not any shifts are found during global crisis period. Further evidence also reveals that when sudden shifts are taken into account in the GARCH models, volatility persistence remarkably reduces and that the conditional variance of stock return is much affected by past trend of observed shocks and variance. Our results have important implications regarding advising investors on decisions concerning pricing equity, portfolio investment and management, hedging and forecasting. Moreover, it is also helpful for policy-makers in making and promulgating the financial policies.
KOREA HAS CONSTRUCTED WORLD CLASS UNIVERSITIES: “BRAIN KOREA 21” PROJECT
Authors: Dinh Linh Ai
Published: March 2020

In 1999, Korea carried out “Brain Korea 21” project to construct their worldclass universities and reformed higher education. The project consists of two phases: the first phase from 1999 to 2005 with estimated investment of 1,2 billion dollar, the second phase from 2006 to 2012 at a cost of approximately 2,1 billion dollar investment.With the “Brain Korea 21” project, Korea has had a breakthrough step in the right direction in the development of higher education as well as the world-class university. With all the determination and effort, so far South Korea has guidelined of Seoul National University (SNU) and the Institute for Science Korea Advanced Technology (KAIST) always in the top position of 100 Universities in world-class raking THES.
EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION OF RECOMBINANT T4 DNA LIGASE IN E. COLI
Authors: Duong Duy Long , Luong Duc Van , Nguyen Hieu Thi Phuong , Tran Hoa Thanh , Dang Thao Thi Phuong , Tran Thuoc Linh
Published: March 2020

In this study, we report results on the expression and purification of recombinant T4 DNA ligase. Plasmid pET16b-T4Dnl contains the gp30 gene which encodes for T4 DNA ligase. The target protein is fused with 10xHis tag to facilitate the purification and recovery. pET16b-T4Dnl was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) and then induced the expression of 10xHis-T4Dnl by IPTG. The recombinant protein was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The activity of purified protein was tested by joining DNA λ/HindIII.
THERAVADA BUDDHISM IN KHMER PEOPLE’S LIFE IN THE MEKONG DELTA – FROM THE ANGLE OF MARRIAGE
Authors: Dang Oanh Thi Kim
Published: March 2020

Theravada Buddhism, although it is a religion based on the principle of “ly gia cat ái” which means “leaving family and cutting off love, in reality, for the Khmer people in the Mekong River Delta, Theravada Buddhism has very clearly shown secularization into all aspects of Khmer people’s life. In Khmer traditional society, Theravada Buddhism teachings are the foundation for rules which operate social relationship, social management including both the power of community and of pagodas, which creates special features of Khmer traditional agricultural society, completely different from Vietnamese villages and communes. Particularly, in the field of marriage and family, from concepts, rules to wedding rituals, from rites and customs in daily life to funeral rituals of family life etc. all are absorbed and profoundly influenced by Theravada Buddhism ideology and philosophy. The paper aims to learn about influences, and direct as well as indirect impacts of Theravada Buddhism on marriage and family life of the Khmer in the Mekong Delta, contributing more data to prove the role of Theravada Buddhism in the life of Khmer people in the Mekong Delta.
FRIEDEL-CRAFTS ALKYLATION OF ANISOLE AND BENZYL BROMIDE USING ZIF-8 AS AN EFFICIENT CATALYST
Authors: Phan Nam Thanh Son , Le Ky Khac Anh , Nguyen Nhung Thi Hong
Published: March 2020

A highly porous zeolite imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) was synthesized from the reaction of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole by a solvothermal method in DMF. The ZIF-8 was characterized using several techniques including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), and nitrogen physisorption measurements. Highly crystalline porous ZIF-8 was achieved with Langmuir surface areas of more than 1700 m2/g being observed. The ZIF-8 could be effectively used as a solid acid catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction between anisole and benzyl bromide with no contribution from homogeneous catalysis of active acid species leaching into reaction solution.
BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA SEED OIL: SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATE EMISSION FROM BIODIESEL FUEL IN DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Ton Phuong Nu Thanh , Le Hai Viet , To Hien Thi
Published: March 2020

This research focused on BDF production from Jatropha seed oil and evaluation of its exhaust gas on the diesel engine in order to produce and confirm the environmental benefit of BDF. This report showed the results of research on BDF production from Jatropha seed oil and engine emissions from blend of diesel fuel and BDF from Jatropha oil. A maximum of 78% biodiesel yield was found at 2.25%w/w catalyst KOH, the optimum molar ratio of Jatropha oil to methanol of 1:6, at a reaction temperature of 550C in 45 minutes. The use of BDF blends in conventional diesel engine results in substantial reduction in emission of hydrocarbon CxHy, carbon monoxide CO and sulfates SO2, whereas NOx emission increases a little. The reason for reducing of CxHy, CO and SO2 emission and increasing NOx emission with biodiesel mixtures was mainly due to the presence of oxygen in their molecular structure.
U – Pb ISOTOPIC AGE IN ZIRCON OF THE GRANITOID ROCKS AT CAM MOUNTAIN – ANGIANG PROVINCE
Authors: Tran Hung Phu , Trinh Vy Nguyen Hung
Published: March 2020

Results of analyzing U – Pb isotopic age for zircon in biotite granite, fine granite, monzodiorite, syenite diorite are 88±1,7 Ma, 86±1,7 Ma, 108±0,63 Ma 101±1,5 Ma,. These confirmed that they are Cretaceous age. Through this paper, many thanks to Professor Tony Crawford and Master Dinh Quang Sang (Tasmania University, Australia) for helping us to analyze these isotopic samples.