bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental and structural factors associated with bacterial diversity in household dust across the Arizona-Sonora border
Authors: Benton Lauren D. , Lopez-Galvez Nicolas , Herman Chloe , Caporaso J. Gregory , Cope Emily K. , Rosales Cecilia , Gameros Mercedes , Lothrop Nathan , Martínez Fernando D. , Wright Anne L. , Carr Tara F. , Beamer Paloma I.
Published: June 2024

We previously reported that asthma prevalence was higher in the United States (US) compared to Mexico (MX) (25.8% vs. 8.4%). This investigation assessed differences in microbial dust composition in relation to demographic and housing characteristics on both sides of the US–MX Border. Forty homes were recruited in the US and MX. Home visits collected floor dust and documented occupants’ demographics, asthma prevalence, housing structure, and use characteristics. US households were more likely to have inhabitants who reported asthma when compared with MX households (30% vs. 5%) and had significantly different flooring types. The percentage of households on paved roads, with flushing toilets, with piped water and with air conditioning was higher in the US, while dust load was higher in MX. Significant differences exist between countries in the microbial composition of the floor dust. Dust from Mexican homes was enriched with Alishewanella, Paracoccus, Rheinheimera genera and Intrasporangiaceae family. A predictive metagenomics analysis identified 68 significantly differentially abundant functional pathways between US and MX. This study documented multiple structural, environmental, and demographic differences between homes in the US and MX that may contribute to significantly different microbial composition of dust observed in these two countries.
Risk of diabetes mellitus based on the interactive association between G6PD rs72554664 polymorphism and sex in Taiwan Biobank individuals
Authors: Chang Yen-Lin , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Chou Ying-Hsiang , Hsiao Chih-Hsuan , Zhong Ji-Han , Huang Chien-Ning , Liaw Yung-Po
Published: June 2024

The presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with differing prevalence between males and females. Although G6PD deficiency is an X-linked genetic condition, its interaction with sex regarding T2DM risk among the Taiwanese population has not been fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between G6PD deficiency and T2DM risk in the Taiwanese population, focusing on the potential influence of sex. Data were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database, involving 85,334 participants aged 30 to 70 years. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the interaction between G6PD rs72554664 and sex in relation to T2DM risk. The T2DM cohort comprised 55.35% females and 44.65% males (p < 0.001). The TC + TT genotype of rs72554664 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.95 (95% CI: 1.39–2.75), and males showed an OR of 1.31 (95% CI: 1.19–1.44). Notably, the G6PD rs72554664-T allelic variant in hemizygous males significantly elevated the T2DM risk (OR), 4.57; p < 0.001) compared to females with the CC genotype. Our findings suggest that the G6PD rs72554664 variant, in conjunction with sex, significantly affects T2DM risk, particularly increasing susceptibility in males. The association of the G6PD rs72554664-T allelic variant with a higher risk of T2DM highlights the importance of sex-specific mechanisms in the interplay between G6PD deficiency and T2DM.
Improved image contrast in nonlinear light-sheet fluorescence microscopy using i$$^2$$PIE Pulse compression
Authors: Badrodien Imraan , Neethling Pieter H. , Bosman Gurthwin W.
Published: June 2024

Nonlinear microscopy has become an invaluable tool for biological imaging, offering high-resolution visualization of biological specimens. In this manuscript, we present the application of a spectral phase measurement technique, i$$^2$$

2

PIE, to compress broad-bandwidth supercontinuum pulses for two-photon excitation fluorescence light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the two-photon excitation response achieved. We also showed that the implementation of i$$^2$$

2

PIE allowed for enhanced image contrasts when compared to conventional compression techniques, with i$$^2$$

2

PIE producing an image contrast improvement over conventional methods by over 50%.
Comparative analysis of sandy beach and foredune geomorphic change measurements from Apple lidar and small-unoccupied aerial systems
Authors: Burchi Brendan M. J. , Theuerkauf Ethan J.
Published: June 2024

Sandy beach and foredune environments are common throughout coastlines globally. Coastal landscapes are dynamic and vulnerable to water level fluctuations, storm events, and human disturbances. Standard methods for measuring geomorphic changes include small-unoccupied aircraft systems paired with structure-from-motion photogrammetry (sUAS-SfM), but this can be costly and logistically challenging. We evaluated the accuracy of Apple lidar in comparison to high precision sUAS-SfM and RTK-GPS to map sandy beach and foredune geomorphic change. Checkpoint elevations were measured via RTK-GPS and both the sUAS-SfM and Apple lidar surveyed elevations were compared against these checkpoints to evaluate the performance of both methods for measuring elevations. The sUAS-SfM elevation data were on average around 0.004 m above/below the checkpoint elevations while the Apple Lidar elevations were around 0.039 m. Apple lidar and sUAS-SfM-derived volumetric measurements and spatial patterns of erosion and accretion were compared to evaluate the Apple lidar’s ability to detect geomorphic change over time. The geomorphic changes documented from these two methods were similar though the Apple lidar appeared to capture finer-scale erosion and accretion patterns. Our findings indicate that the Apple lidar can capture sandy beach and foredune geomorphic changes rapidly and accurately, which can promote proactive and resilient coastal management.
Exploring the impact of nonverbal social behavior on learning outcomes in instructional video design
Authors: Frenkel Jonas , Cajar Anke , Engbert Ralf , Lazarides Rebecca
Published: June 2024

Online education has become increasingly popular in recent years, and video lectures have emerged as a common instructional format. While the importance of instructors’ nonverbal social cues such as gaze, facial expression, and gestures for learning progress in face-to-face teaching is well-established, their impact on instructional videos is not fully understood. Most studies on nonverbal social cues in instructional videos focus on isolated cues rather than considering multimodal nonverbal behavior patterns and their effects on the learning progress. This study examines the role of instructors’ nonverbal immediacy (a construct capturing multimodal nonverbal behaviors that reduce psychological distance) in video lectures with respect to learners’ cognitive, affective, and motivational outcomes. We carried out an eye-tracking experiment with 87 participants (Mage = 24.11, SD = 4.80). Results of multilevel path analyses indicate that high nonverbal immediacy substantially increases learners’ state motivation and enjoyment, but does not affect cognitive learning. Analyses of learners’ eye movements show that learners allocate more attention to the instructor than to the learning material with increasing levels of nonverbal immediacy displayed by the instructor. The study highlights the importance of considering the role of multimodal nonverbal behavior patterns in online education and provides insights for effective video lecture design.
Influence of heterochirality on the structure, dynamics, biological properties of cyclic(PFPF) tetrapeptides obtained by solvent-free ball mill mechanosynthesis
Authors: Bak-Sypien Irena , Pawlak Tomasz , Paluch Piotr , Wroblewska Aneta , Dolot Rafał , Pawlowicz Aleksandra , Szczesio Małgorzata , Wielgus Ewelina , Kaźmierski Sławomir , Górecki Marcin , Pawlowska Roza , Chworos Arkadiusz , Potrzebowski Marek J.
Published: June 2024

Cyclic tetrapeptides c(Pro-Phe-Pro-Phe) obtained by the mechanosynthetic method using a ball mill were isolated in a pure stereochemical form as a homochiral system (all L-amino acids, sample A) and as a heterochiral system with D configuration at one of the stereogenic centers of Phe (sample B). The structure and stereochemistry of both samples were determined by X-ray diffraction studies of single crystals. In DMSO and acetonitrile, sample A exists as an equimolar mixture of two conformers, while only one is monitored for sample B. The conformational space and energetic preferences for possible conformers were calculated using DFT methods. The distinctly different conformational flexibility of the two samples was experimentally proven by Variable Temperature (VT) and 2D EXSY NMR measurements. Both samples were docked to histone deacetylase HDAC8. Cytotoxic studies proved that none of the tested cyclic peptide is toxic.
EMCMDA: predicting miRNA-disease associations via efficient matrix completion
Authors: Qin Chao , Zhang Jiancheng , Ma Lingyu
Published: June 2024

Abundant researches have consistently illustrated the crucial role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in a wide array of essential biological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs have been validated as promising therapeutic targets for addressing complex diseases. Given the costly and time-consuming nature of traditional biological experimental validation methods, it is imperative to develop computational methods. In the work, we developed a novel approach named efficient matrix completion (EMCMDA) for predicting miRNA-disease associations. First, we calculated the similarities across multiple sources for miRNA/disease pairs and combined this information to create a holistic miRNA/disease similarity measure. Second, we utilized this biological information to create a heterogeneous network and established a target matrix derived from this network. Lastly, we framed the miRNA-disease association prediction issue as a low-rank matrix-complete issue that was addressed via minimizing matrix truncated schatten p-norm. Notably, we improved the conventional singular value contraction algorithm through using a weighted singular value contraction technique. This technique dynamically adjusts the degree of contraction based on the significance of each singular value, ensuring that the physical meaning of these singular values is fully considered. We evaluated the performance of EMCMDA by applying two distinct cross-validation experiments on two diverse databases, and the outcomes were statistically significant. In addition, we executed comprehensive case studies on two prevalent human diseases, namely lung cancer and breast cancer. Following prediction and multiple validations, it was evident that EMCMDA proficiently forecasts previously undisclosed disease-related miRNAs. These results underscore the robustness and efficacy of EMCMDA in miRNA-disease association prediction.
Evolutionary and phylogenetic insights from the mitochondrial genomic analysis of Diceraeus melacanthus and D. furcatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Dallagnol Lilian Cris , Cônsoli Fernando Luís
Published: June 2024

The mitochondrial genomes of D. melacanthus and D. furcatus were sequenced and used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships with 54 species of Pentatomidae. Their mitogenomes are 17,197 and 15,444 bp-long, respectively, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 22/21 transfer RNA genes, with conserved gene arrangement. Leu, Lys, and Ser were the most common amino acids in their PCGs. PCGs evolutionary analysis indicated their mitogenomes are under purifying selection, and the most conserved genes are from the cytochrome complex, reinforcing their suitability as markers for molecular taxonomy. We identified 490 mtSSRs in 56 Pentatomidae species, with large variation and a positive correlation between mtSSR number and genome size. Three mtSSRs were identified in each Diceraeus species. Only the mtSSR in the nad6 (D. melacanthus) and nad4 (D. furcatus) appear to have application as molecular markers for species characterization. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyly of Pentatomidae. However, our analysis challenged the monophyly of Pentatominae and Podopinae. We also detected unexpected relationships among some tribes and genera, highlighting the complexity of the internal taxonomic structure of Pentatomidae. Both Diceraeus species were grouped in the same clade with the remaining Carpocorini analyzed.
Transcriptional profiling links unique human macrophage phenotypes to the growth of intracellular Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi
Authors: Schade Ruth , Butler Daniel S. C. , McKenna Joy A. , Di Luccia Blanda , Shokoohi Vida , Hamblin Meagan , Pham Trung H. M. , Monack Denise M.
Published: June 2024

Macrophages provide a crucial environment for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) to multiply during typhoid fever, yet our understanding of how human macrophages and S. Typhi interact remains limited. In this study, we delve into the dynamics of S. Typhi replication within human macrophages and the resulting heterogeneous transcriptomic responses of macrophages during infection. Our study reveals key factors that influence macrophage diversity, uncovering distinct immune and metabolic pathways associated with different stages of S. Typhi intracellular replication in macrophages. Of note, we found that macrophages harboring replicating S. Typhi are skewed towards an M1 pro-inflammatory state, whereas macrophages containing non-replicating S. Typhi exhibit neither a distinct M1 pro-inflammatory nor M2 anti-inflammatory state. Additionally, macrophages with replicating S. Typhi were characterized by the increased expression of genes associated with STAT3 phosphorylation and the activation of the STAT3 transcription factor. Our results shed light on transcriptomic pathways involved in the susceptibility of human macrophages to intracellular S. Typhi replication, thereby providing crucial insight into host phenotypes that restrict and support S. Typhi infection.
Adaptive soft sensor using stacking approximate kernel based BLS for batch processes
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Yang Mingyi , Xu Zhigang , Wang Junyi , Yang Xiao , Wu Xinguang
Published: June 2024

To deal with the highly nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of Batch Process, a model named adaptive stacking approximate kernel based broad learning system is proposed in this paper. This model innovatively introduces the approximate kernel based broad learning system (AKBLS) algorithm and the Adaptive Stacking framework, giving it strong nonlinear fitting ability, excellent generalization ability, and adaptive ability. The Broad Learning System (BLS) is known for its shorter training time for effective nonlinear processing, but the uncertainty brought by its double random mapping results in poor resistance to noisy data and unpredictable impact on performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes an AKBLS algorithm that reduces uncertainty, eliminates redundant features, and improves prediction accuracy by projecting feature nodes into the kernel space. It also significantly reduces the computation time of the kernel matrix by searching for approximate kernels to enhance its ability in industrial online applications. Extensive comparative experiments on various public datasets of different sizes validate this. The Adaptive Stacking framework utilizes the Stacking ensemble learning method, which integrates predictions from multiple AKBLS models using a meta-learner to improve generalization. Additionally, by employing the moving window method—where a fixed-length window slides through the database over time—the model gains adaptive ability, allowing it to better respond to gradual changes in industrial Batch Process. Experiments on a substantial dataset of penicillin simulations demonstrate that the proposed model significantly improves predictive accuracy compared to other common algorithms.
Theoretical study of adsorption properties and CO oxidation reaction on surfaces of higher tungsten boride
Authors: Radina Aleksandra D. , Baidyshev Viktor S. , Chepkasov Ilya V. , Matsokin Nikita A. , Altalhi Tariq , Yakobson Boris I. , Kvashnin Alexander G.
Published: June 2024

Most modern catalysts are based on precious metals and rear-earth elements, making some of organic synthesis reactions economically insolvent. Density functional theory calculations are used here to describe several differently oriented surfaces of the higher tungsten boride WB5-x, together with their catalytic activity for the CO oxidation reaction. Based on our findings, WB5-x appears to be an efficient alternative catalyst for CO oxidation. Calculated surface energies allow the use of the Wulff construction to determine the equilibrium shape of WB5-x particles. It is found that the (010) and (101) facets terminated by boron and tungsten, respectively, are the most exposed surfaces for which the adsorption of different gaseous agents (CO, CO2, H2, N2, O2, NO, NO2, H2O, NH3, SO2) is evaluated to reveal promising prospects for applications. CO oxidation on B-rich (010) and W-rich (101) surfaces is further investigated by analyzing the charge redistribution during the adsorption of CO and O2 molecules. It is found that CO oxidation has relatively low energy barriers. The implications of the present results, the effects of WB5-x on CO oxidation and potential application in the automotive, chemical, and mining industries are discussed.
Impact of different fibrin glue application methods on inguinal hernia mesh fixation capability
Authors: Takegawa Yoshitaka , Tsutsumi Norifumi , Yamanaka Kazunori , Koga Yuki
Published: June 2024

The use of fibrin glue for inguinal hernia mesh fixation has been suggested to be effective in preventing hematomas and reducing postoperative pain compared to tacks and sutures.. The effect of fibrin glue can vary significantly based on the device used. This study assessed the efficacy of fibrin glue based on the type of devices used in an ex vivo system. The rabbit’s abdominal wall was trimmed to a size of 3.0 × 6.0 cm and was secured at the edges with metal fixtures. To measure the maximum tensile strength at the point of adhesion failure, the hernia mesh was fixed to the rabbit’s abdominal wall using fibrin glue in a 2 cm square area, left for 3 min, and then pulled at a speed of 50 cm/min. The test was conducted 10 times for each group. The median (minimum–maximum) tensile strength values using the spraying, two-liquid mixing, and sequential layering methods were 3.58 (1.99–4.95), 0.51 (0.27–1.89), and 1.32 (0.63–1.66) N, respectively. The spraying method had predominantly higher tensile strength values than the two-liquid mixing and sequential layering methods (P < 0.01). In conclusion, in hernia mesh fixation, the spraying method can be adopted to achieve appropriate adhesive effects.
Creatine and l-carnitine attenuate muscular laminopathy in the LMNA mutation transgenic zebrafish
Authors: Pan Shao-Wei , Wang Horng-Dar , Hsiao He-Yun , Hsu Po-Jui , Tseng Yung-Che , Liang Wen-Chen , Jong Yuh-Jyh , Yuh Chiou-Hwa
Published: June 2024

Lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations contribute to severe striated muscle laminopathies, affecting cardiac and skeletal muscles, with limited treatment options. In this study, we delve into the investigations of five distinct LMNA mutations, including three novel variants and two pathogenic variants identified in patients with muscular laminopathy. Our approach employs zebrafish models to comprehensively study these variants. Transgenic zebrafish expressing wild-type LMNA and each mutation undergo extensive morphological profiling, swimming behavior assessments, muscle endurance evaluations, heartbeat measurement, and histopathological analysis of skeletal muscles. Additionally, these models serve as platform for focused drug screening. We explore the transcriptomic landscape through qPCR and RNAseq to unveil altered gene expression profiles in muscle tissues. Larvae of LMNA(L35P), LMNA(E358K), and LMNA(R453W) transgenic fish exhibit reduced swim speed compared to LMNA(WT) measured by DanioVision. All LMNA transgenic adult fish exhibit reduced swim speed compared to LMNA(WT) in T-maze. Moreover, all LMNA transgenic adult fish, except LMNA(E358K), display weaker muscle endurance than LMNA(WT) measured by swimming tunnel. Histochemical staining reveals decreased fiber size in all LMNA mutations transgenic fish, excluding LMNA(WT) fish. Interestingly, LMNA(A539V) and LMNA(E358K) exhibited elevated heartbeats. We recognize potential limitations with transgene overexpression and conducted association calculations to explore its effects on zebrafish phenotypes. Our results suggest lamin A/C overexpression may not directly impact mutant phenotypes, such as impaired swim speed, increased heart rates, or decreased muscle fiber diameter. Utilizing LMNA zebrafish models for drug screening, we identify l-carnitine treatment rescuing muscle endurance in LMNA(L35P) and creatine treatment reversing muscle endurance in LMNA(R453W) zebrafish models. Creatine activates AMPK and mTOR pathways, improving muscle endurance and swim speed in LMNA(R453W) fish. Transcriptomic profiling reveals upstream regulators and affected genes contributing to motor dysfunction, cardiac anomalies, and ion flux dysregulation in LMNA mutant transgenic fish. These findings faithfully mimic clinical manifestations of muscular laminopathies, including dysmorphism, early mortality, decreased fiber size, and muscle dysfunction in zebrafish. Furthermore, our drug screening results suggest l-carnitine and creatine treatments as potential rescuers of muscle endurance in LMNA(L35P) and LMNA(R453W) zebrafish models. Our study offers valuable insights into the future development of potential treatments for LMNA-related muscular laminopathy.
Analysis and removal of bisphenols in recycled plastics using polyethylene glycol
Authors: Núñez Samuel S. , Ortuño Núria , Fernández-Durán Sabrina , Moltó Julia , Conesa Juan A.
Published: June 2024

This study examines the presence of bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), F (BPF), and M (BPM) in various recycled plastics readily available on the market (LDPE, HDPE, PET, and PP), in light of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) limits. Twenty samples of different origin are analyzed, cleaning treatments are applied, and the migration potential of these bisphenols into food is studied. BPM is absent in all samples, but a post-consumer recycled LDPE sample reveals high bisphenol concentrations, raising concerns, reaching 8540 ng/g, 370 ng/g, and 29 ng/g of BPA, BPS, and BPF, respectively. Migration tests show substantial migration of these contaminants into food simulants. Using a cleaning treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) reduces BPA in LDPE, HDPE, PP, and PET samples by 95%, 99%, 97% and 28%, respectively, highlighting the importance of cleaning treatments across various polymers in plastic recycling. These findings not only protect food safety but addressing environmental challenges associated with plastic recycling.
An improved multiphase chemistry mechanism for methylamines: significant dimethylamine cloud production
Authors: Hoffmann Erik H. , Tilgner Andreas , Herrmann Hartmut
Published: June 2024

Monomethylamine (MMA), dimethylamine (DMA), and trimethylamine (TMA) are important compounds for atmospheric key processes, e.g., new particle formation (NPF). A description of their multiphase chemical processing within atmospheric models is incomplete, but mandatory to describe their atmospheric budgets. In this study, a detailed multiphase chemistry mechanism was developed and first process model investigations were performed. The simulations focused on pristine marine conditions, where open research questions exist regarding ambient gas-phase concentrations of methylamines, particularly with regards to unexpectedly high DMA levels. The simulations reveal that TMA oxidation in cloud droplets results into DMA formation with a yield of around 87%, a missing DMA production pathway in current models. Also, it is demonstrated that about 21% and 69% of the respective DMA and TMA gas-phase oxidation proceed via autoxidation yielding HOOCH2NHCHO and HOOCH2N(CHO)CH2OOH, respectively. The discussed processes should be included into atmospheric models for advanced predictions of NPF and climate impacts.
Precision engineering of nano-assemblies in superfluid helium by the use of van der Waals forces
Authors: Topcu Gokhan , Al Hindawi Aula M. A. , Feng Cheng , Spence Daniel , Sitorus Berlian , Liu Hanqing , Ellis Andrew M. , Yang Shengfu
Published: June 2024

The ability to precisely engineer nanostructures underpins a wide range of applications in areas such as electronics, optics, and biomedical sciences. Here we present a novel approach for the growth of nanoparticle assemblies that leverages the unique properties of superfluid helium. Unlike viscous solvents at or near room temperature, superfluid helium provides an unperturbed and cold environment in which weak van der Waals interactions between molecular templates and metal atoms become significant and can define the spatial arrangement of nanoparticles. To demonstrate this concept, diol and porphyrin-based molecules are employed as templates to grow gold nanoparticle assemblies in superfluid helium droplets. After soft-landing on a solid surface to remove the helium, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging shows the growth of gold nanoparticles at specific binding sites within the molecular templates where the interaction between gold atoms and the molecular template is at its strongest.
Decarbonization potential of floating solar photovoltaics on lakes worldwide
Authors: Woolway R. Iestyn , Zhao Gang , Rocha Sofia Midauar Gondim , Thackeray Stephen J. , Armstrong Alona
Published: June 2024

As climate change progresses, there is increasing emphasis on net zero and energy system decarbonization. Several technologies are contributing to this agenda, but among these, the growth of solar photovoltaics has consistently exceeded all projections. With increasing land-use pressures, and the expense of building-mounted photovoltaics, water surfaces are increasingly being exploited to host these technologies. However, to date, we lack an understanding of the global potential of floating solar photovoltaics and, as such, we do not yet have sufficient insight to inform decisions on (in)appropriate areas for future deployment. Here we quantify the energy generation potential of floating solar photovoltaics on over 1 million water bodies worldwide (14,906 TWh). Our analysis suggests that with a conservative 10% surface area coverage, floating solar photovoltaics could produce sufficient energy to contribute a considerable fraction (16%, on average) of the electricity demand of some countries, thus playing an important role in decarbonizing national economies.
Impact of polystyrene microplastic carriers on the toxicity of Pb2+ towards freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica
Authors: Xie Changjian , Li Xiaowei , Chen Yiqing , Wu Xin , Chen Haiyang , Zhang Shujing , Jiang Libo , Pang Qiuxiang , Irshad Samina , Guo Zhiling , Lynch Iseult , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2024

Schematic diagram of the toxicity mechanism of PS MPs as Pb2+carriers against planarians.
The role of tetrahydrocurcumin in disease prevention and treatment
Authors: Zhou Mengting , Li Rui , Hua Hua , Dai Ying , Yin Zhujun , Li Li , Zeng Jin , Yang Mengni , Zhao Junning , Tan Ruirong
Published: June 2024

Tetrahydrocurcumin showed potential biological activities in neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, liver, metabolic, renal, skin and inflammatory diseases as well as cancer.
The development and validation of a new method for the fast determination of Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn in rice by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
Authors: Pohl Pawel , Greda Krzysztof , Welna Maja , Jamroz Piotr , Dzimitrowicz Anna , Szymczycha-Madeja Anna
Published: June 2024

An alternative method of rice sample preparation for measuring the total content of selected elements, i.e., Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn, by ICP OES was developed.
A photoactivatable upconverting nanodevice boosts the lysosomal escape of PROTAC degraders for enhanced combination therapy
Authors: Zhan Jiayin , Li Xiang , Mu Yueru , Yao Huiqin , Zhu Jun-Jie , Zhang Jingjing
Published: June 2024

A near-infrared light-controlled PROTAC delivery nanodevice achieves enhanced protein degradation efficiency and synergistic therapeutic efficacy in combination with NIR light-triggered photodynamic therapy.
Affinity enhancement of polo-like kinase 1 polo box domain-binding ligands by a bivalent approach using a covalent kinase-binding component
Authors: Tsuji Kohei , Tamamura Hirokazu , Burke Terrence R.
Published: June 2024

A bivalent approach for targeting polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) kinase domain and polo-box domain simultaneously provides dramatically enhanced affinity ligands of Plk1 even with the use of a non-selective ATP-competitive inhibitor.
Application of machine learning to discover new intermetallic catalysts for the hydrogen evolution and the oxygen reduction reactions
Authors: Martínez-Alonso Carmen , Vassilev-Galindo Valentin , Comer Benjamin M. , Abild-Pedersen Frank , Winther Kirsten T. , LLorca Javier
Published: June 2024

A machine learning algorithm was trained with a DFT database of H, O, and OH adsorption energies into pure metals and bimetallic compounds including the effect of elastic strains to discover new intermetallic catalysts for the HER and the ORR.
Binder design strategies for cathode materials in advanced secondary batteries
Authors: Lv Mengge , Zhao Ran , Hu Zhifan , Yang Jingjing , Han Xiaomin , Wang Yahui , Wu Chuan , Bai Ying
Published: June 2024

This review evaluates the binder design strategies for cathodes in advanced secondary batteries, offering clear guidance for the development of novel binders in terms of the failure behaviors of the cathode materials.
Thermoelectric characterization of crystalline nano-patterned silicon membranes
Authors: Ikzibane Hafsa , Patil Akash , Canosa Jon , Okada Etienne , Blandre Etienne , Dubois Emmanuel , Robillard Jean-François
Published: June 2024

Thermoelectric characterization of built-in devices designed using a silicon-on-insulator substrate to extract the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of 60 nm thick crystalline silicon membranes.
Mechanochemical synthesis of β-cyclodextrin urea derivatives under reactive CO2 atmosphere by Staudinger aza-Wittig reaction
Authors: Nasri Sawssen , Lestoquoy Maxime , Ponchel Anne , Monflier Eric , Menuel Stéphane
Published: June 2024

Easily synthesize various ureido β-cyclodextrins with minimal environmental impact using a fast and solvent-free mechanochemical process under carbon dioxide reactive atmosphere.
γ-Fe2O3 decorating N,S co-doped carbon nanosheets as a cathode electrocatalyst for different-scenario fuel cells
Authors: Zhou Xintao , Wu Mingyang , Chen Kai , Wang Haijian , Wen Zhenhai , Ci Suqin
Published: June 2024

The decoration of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles onto N,S co-doped carbon nanosheets enhances their catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in both neutral and alkaline environments, making them a promising candidate for applications in various fuel cell scenarios.
A palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative (5 + 5) cyclization reaction of vinyloxazolidine-2,4-diones: access to ten-membered N,O-containing heterocycles
Authors: Fu Xiao-Hui , Liao Juan , Wang Zhen-Hua , Ge Zhen-Zhen , Zhou Ming-Qiang , You Yong , Zhang Yan-Ping , Zhao Jian-Qiang , Lu Ji-Hong , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: June 2024

A palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative (5 + 5) cyclization reaction of vinyloxazolidine-2,4-diones for the synthesis of ten-membered N,O-containing heterocycles is disclosed.
Analysis of the seasonal water quality variation at the hydraulic junction of a dual-source water distribution system
Authors: Dong Bowen , Huang Hui , Wang Chengyan , Zhang Xiaolong , Gao Chenyu , Su Nan , Shi Dayong , Ren Jie
Published: June 2024

The implementation of a dual-source water supply system offers an increased level of reliability in water provision; however, intricate hydraulic dynamics introduce apprehensions regarding water safety at the hydraulic junction.
A laboratory scale fast feedback characterization loop for optimizing coated catalysts for emission control
Authors: Delrieux Tim , Sharma Shweta , Maurer Florian , Dolcet Paolo , Lausch Maximilian , Zimina Anna , Cárdenas Camilo , Lott Patrick , Casapu Maria , Sheppard Thomas Lennon , Grunwaldt Jan-Dierk
Published: June 2024

This work presents a fast and non-invasive photo-based channel analysis approach, which helps to screen and understand the effects of different coating parameters on the activity of noble metal-based oxidation catalyst coated on a ceramic cordierite.
pH-Assisted multichannel heat shock monitoring in the endoplasmic reticulum with a pyridinium fluorophore
Authors: Chakraborty Sandip , Bindra Anivind Kaur , Thomas Anagha , Zhao Yanli , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai
Published: June 2024

An endoplasmic reticulum-targeting fluorescent pH sensor can be used in “turn-on”, “ratiometric” and “turn-off” modes in the same pH range by changing the excitation wavelength of the microscope to monitor heat shock in cells.
Visible-light-induced direct C–H alkylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with alkylsulfones
Authors: Ohtsuka Motoo , Ghosh Koushik , Yim Jacky C.-H. , Sotome Hikaru , Okamoto Tsubasa , Suda Kayo , Kobori Yasuhiro , Yokogawa Daisuke , Miyasaka Hiroshi , Crudden Cathleen M. , Nambo Masakazu
Published: June 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are derivatized with high selectivity using readily available alkylsulfones under visible light irradiation.
Non-Ir based catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction: progress and challenges
Authors: Lin Lin , Wei Kai , Wang Xian , Ma Wei , Bian Chunlei , Ge Junjie
Published: June 2024

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysis is the key to solve the problem of hydrogen production by hydrolyzing water and secondary metal–air batteries.
Two-dimensional Janus antimony chalcohalides for efficient energy conversion applications
Authors: Chauhan Poonam , Singh Jaspreet , Kumar Ashok
Published: June 2024

Specific functionalities at the nanoscale can emerge from the broken inversion symmetry in two-dimensional (2D) Janus monolayers.
Water-enhanced CO2 capture with molecular salt sodium guanidinate
Authors: Evans Hayden A. , Carter Marcus , Zhou Wei , Yildirim Taner , Brown Craig M. , Wu Hui
Published: June 2024

Solid-state amine absorbent materials, including those containing guanidine derivatives, have received tremendous attention as the world combats the challenges of climate change.
Specific and efficient knockdown of intracellular miRNA using partially neutralized phosphate-methylated DNA oligonucleic acid-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Sung Yi-Jung , Cai Wei-Ting , Chen Yi-Ping , Chan Hardy Wai-Hong , Lin Cong-Kai , Wang Po-Hsiang , Chen Wen-Yih
Published: June 2024

The binding of nDNA to target miRNA leads to increased downstream mRNA levels.
Dissecting the nature and dynamics of electronic excitations in a solid-state aggregate of a representative non-fullerene acceptor
Authors: Giannini Samuele , Cerdá Jesús , Prampolini Giacomo , Santoro Fabrizio , Beljonne David
Published: June 2024

Understanding electronic excitations and their dynamics in non-fullerene acceptors is crucial for enhancing opto-electronic properties. Using a Frenkel-exciton Hamiltonian and non-adiabatic dynamics, we reveal design strategies to achieve this goal.
Surface co-modification enabling efficient and spectrally stable mixed-halide blue light-emitting diodes
Authors: Ma Yongbo , Sun Wenda , Lu Haolin , Liu Yuling , Li Yue , Yun Rui , Yuan Mingjian , Zhang Libing , Li Xiyan
Published: June 2024

Collaborative optimization of strong coordination and hydrogen bonds is employed to impede phase separation and enhance photoluminescence for mixed-halide QDs.
An integrated leather-based fluid transport wearable sweat device for electrolyte balance monitoring
Authors: Zhou Tong , Hu Shi , Ji Wenhui , Liu Yunqing , Zhang Rui , Liu Huanzhuan , Wang Feng , Zhu Jingyu , Tao Chao , Zha Baoli , Wu Jiansheng , Huo Fengwei
Published: June 2024

The integrated leather-based fluid transport wearable sweat device achieves continuous and long-term monitoring of body physiology.
WaveSeg‐UNet model for overlapped nuclei segmentation from multi‐organ histopathology images
Authors: Khan Hameed Ullah , Raza Basit , Khan Muhammad Asad Iqbal , Faheem Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Nuclei segmentation is a challenging task in histopathology images. It is challenging due to the small size of objects, low contrast, touching boundaries, and complex structure of nuclei. Their segmentation and counting play an important role in cancer identification and its grading. In this study, WaveSeg‐UNet, a lightweight model, is introduced to segment cancerous nuclei having touching boundaries. Residual blocks are used for feature extraction. Only one feature extractor block is used in each level of the encoder and decoder. Normally, images degrade quality and lose important information during down‐sampling. To overcome this loss, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) alongside max‐pooling is used in the down‐sampling process. Inverse DWT is used to regenerate original images during up‐sampling. In the bottleneck of the proposed model, atrous spatial channel pyramid pooling (ASCPP) is used to extract effective high‐level features. The ASCPP is the modified pyramid pooling having atrous layers to increase the area of the receptive field. Spatial and channel‐based attention are used to focus on the location and class of the identified objects. Finally, watershed transform is used as a post processing technique to identify and refine touching boundaries of nuclei. Nuclei are identified and counted to facilitate pathologists. The same domain of transfer learning is used to retrain the model for domain adaptability. Results of the proposed model are compared with state‐of‐the‐art models, and it outperformed the existing studies.
Forced oscillation of planetary mechanism synchronizer for spindle drive
Authors: Alimov Bakhtiyar , Kodirova Yelena
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the results of a theoretical and experimental study of forced oscillation of the epi-hypocyclic planetary mechanism synchronizer used to drive the spindles of the cotton machine apparatus. Spectrum of natural oscillation frequency of synchronizer is determined and mass moment of their inertia is set for stability in operating mode when satellite comes in and out of gear engagement of planetary mechanism. Periodic nature of system oscillations under action of external forces of satellite is considered. The graph of oscillations of actual excitation of the synchronizer in the form of a pulse semi-sinusoidal curve is obtained. The beam diagram is built that allows you to make delaminations from the resonant modes of operation of the synchronizer.
Interaction of logistic and production systems of the petrochemical industry in the conditions of industry 4.0
Authors: Shinkevich Alexey I. , Nadezhdina Maria E. , Solovev Sergei A.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the actualization of information systems and technologies from the point of view of logistics and production processes of petrochemical enterprises. The topic is relevant in the context of the fourth industrial revolution and the transition to a new technological order, and is also confirmed by state development and digitalization programs. Logistic processes at petrochemical enterprises are closely linked with the production cycle. The study examines logistics and production processes in the aspect of industrial digitalization.
Two-parameter models of brittle materials behavior under uniaxial compression
Authors: Zaitseva M.I. , Nikonova J.V. , Petrov A.N. , Kolesnikov G.N.
Published: June 2024

Numerical and analytical models are widely presented in the literature. In this report, analytical models of only one class are considered, the first of which is the Furamura model. Models of this class do not require a large amount of input data; in addition, their mathematical description does not contain complex equations. The researchers initially used these models to analyze the behavior of concrete at high temperatures. The current scope of these models covers applied analysis of the behavior of rocks, frozen soils, and other materials, including their behavior on the downward branch under controlled deformation. The purpose of this report is to discuss not only the positive characteristics of the models of the class under consideration, but also to draw the readers' attention to the limitations in the use of the models, which will contribute to their improvement and effective application for sustainable development.
Tribological studies of materials for sliding bearings when lubricated with hydraulic fluid
Authors: Roshchin M.N.
Published: June 2024

Tribological research of materials BrOPh6.5-0.15, PH4M paired with 40X steel and lubricated with hydraulic fluid AMh-10 showed good antifriction properties. The results of the research on the influence of load, speed and temperature on the coefficient of friction of materials: BrOPh6.5-0.15 and PH4M when lubricated with AMh-10 hydraulic fluid. At a load of 0.5447 MPa, the coefficient of friction of BrOPh6.5-0.15 material at a temperature of 90°C is 1.58 times higher, and at a load of 2.003 MPa, the coefficient of friction of BrOPh6.5-0.15 material is 2.85 times higher than the coefficient of friction of BrOPh6.5-0.15 material at a temperature of 20°C. Materials BrOPh6.5-0.15 and PH4M are promising for application in plain bearings of pumps pumping hydraulic fluid AMh-10.
Energy efficiency of electric scooters in different start modes
Authors: Shvetsova Svetlana
Published: June 2024

This article examines the energy efficiency of electric scooters in different starting modes. The influence of various start modes on the energy efficiency of electric scooters used in urban environments was analyzed. A comparison was made of the start performance using only the electric battery and the start performance combined with the battery and the physical strength of the electric scooter driver. In this case, the comparison was made with different types of surface on which the launch took place. The results of the analysis of the influence of various start modes on the energy efficiency of electric scooters can be used in research in the field of development of electric transport.
Clustering of k-means based on Euclidean distance metric and Mahalanobis metric
Authors: Akhmatshin Farid , Egarmin Pavel , Gerasimova Marina , Petrova Irina , Mikitchak Sergey
Published: June 2024

Clustering of k-means uses different variants of the algorithm of the same name to identify clusters. This paper deals with the performance study of the clustering algorithm using Euclidean distance metric and Mahalanobis metric. The choice of k-values as the initial estimate of the mean is considered in the second and fifth iterations. The BIRCH-3 and Mopsi-Finland datasets [1] are chosen as input data to investigate the performance of the metrics. The study shows the high efficiency of the k-means clustering algorithm using the Euclid metric depending on the random selection of the initial k values in the initial iterations of the algorithm. The use of Mahalanobis metric is more effective with an increasing number of iterations.
Implementation of data parsing technology using neural network and web driver
Authors: Egarmin Pavel , Panov Roman , Akhmatshin Farid , Mikitchak Sergey , Egarmina Alena
Published: June 2024

As a rule, data parsing is used to quickly obtain information from various web resources for further study and use. For parsing, you can use both specialized online services and desktop applications. Unfortunately, existing parsing technologies have some limitations. For example, it is often difficult to parse dynamic web pages and classify information obtained through parsing. New approaches are needed in implementing data collection and analysis - using language models and software (web driver) that simulate human actions when working with websites. The web driver assists in accessing data from dynamically updated sites, while artificial intelligence technologies help correctly recognize and classify data. This technology can be used to create parsers for real estate agencies, employment services, university admission committees, advertising campaigns, and financial organizations.
Mathematical analysis on novel coronavirus model using HPM
Authors: Anitha S. , Tamil Selvi K.V. , Senthamarai R.
Published: June 2024

An analysis of the model underpinning the description of the spread of coronavirus infection reservoir (seafood market) is examined in detail in this work. We considered the infection cases available from January 21, 2020 to January 28, 2020 and parameterized the model. An iteration technique, namely, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM), is implemented to provide an approximate solution for non-linear systems of differential equations. The approximated solution obtained by HPM is compared with those obtained numerical to prove the trustworthiness of HPM. Moreover, the lessening and simplicity in calculations give HPM broader applicability. The given model is then numerically solved by MATLAB program, with numerous graphical findings that can aid in infection mitigation. Excellent agreement is noted on comparisons between the analytical and numerical results.
Some dimensional-geometric modulations of the Stonehenge megalithic complex
Authors: Shatalov Alexander
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the modulated dimensional-geometric peculiarities of the Stonehenge megalith and continues the theme of our previous publications devoted to such megalithic objects as the “stone ship” Ales Stenar, small circle in Nabta Playa, and the outer “circle of stones” in Clava. By “modulation” we mean the use of a large module in the size of historical structures, quantitatively equal to the simple number of known historical linear measures (the simple number 37 is most often identified). A more detailed justification of the method is given in “Hypothesis of the dimensional-geometric scheme of the Nabta-Playa megalith landscape monument” including connections with the dimensional-geometric features of ancient Egyptian architecture are also shown there.