bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Signature of Extracellular Vesicles for Lung Cancer Recognition
Authors: Novikova Svetlana E. , Soloveva Natalia A. , Farafonova Tatiana E. , Tikhonova Olga V. , Liao Pao-Chi , Zgoda Victor G.
Published: October 2021

The proteins of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that originate from tumors reflect the producer cells’ proteomes and can be detected in biological fluids. Thus, EVs provide proteomic signatures that are of great interest for screening and predictive cancer diagnostics. By applying targeted mass spectrometry with stable isotope-labeled peptide standards, we assessed the levels of 28 EV-associated proteins, including the conventional exosome markers CD9, CD63, CD81, CD82, and HSPA8, in vesicles derived from the lung cancer cell lines NCI-H23 and A549. Furthermore, we evaluated the detectability of these proteins and their abundance in plasma samples from 34 lung cancer patients and 23 healthy volunteers. The abundance of TLN1, TUBA4A, HSPA8, ITGB3, TSG101, and PACSIN2 in the plasma of lung cancer patients was measured using targeted mass spectrometry and compared to that in plasma from healthy volunteers. The most diagnostically potent markers were TLN1 (AUC, 0.95), TUBA4A (AUC, 0.91), and HSPA8 (AUC, 0.88). The obtained EV proteomic signature allowed us to distinguish between the lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma histological types. The proteomic cargo of the extracellular vesicles represents a promising source of potential biomarkers.
P2Y12 Purinergic Receptor and Brain Tumors: Implications on Glioma Microenvironment
Authors: Morrone Fernanda Bueno , Vargas Pedro , Rockenbach Liliana , Scheffel Thamiris Becker
Published: October 2021

Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults, characterized by a high proliferation and invasion. The tumor microenvironment is rich in growth-promoting signals and immunomodulatory pathways, which increase the tumor’s aggressiveness. In response to hypoxia and glioma therapy, the amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) strongly increase in the extracellular space, and the purinergic signaling is triggered by nucleotides’ interaction in P2 receptors. Several cell types are present in the tumor microenvironment and can facilitate tumor growth. In fact, tumor cells can activate platelets by the ADP-P2Y12 engagement, which plays an essential role in the cancer context, protecting tumors from the immune attack and providing molecules that contribute to the growth and maintenance of a rich environment to sustain the protumor cycle. Besides platelets, the P2Y12 receptor is expressed by some tumors, such as renal carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and gliomas, being related to tumor progression. In this context, this review aims to depict the glioma microenvironment, focusing on the relationship between platelets and tumor malignancy.
Anthocyanins from Aristotelia chilensis Prevent Olanzapine-Induced Hepatic-Lipid Accumulation but Not Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle Cells
Authors: del Campo Andrea , Salamanca Catalina , Fajardo Angelo , Díaz-Castro Francisco , Bustos Catalina , Calfío Camila , Troncoso Rodrigo , Pastene-Navarrete Edgar R. , Acuna-Castillo Claudio , Milla Luis A. , Villarroel Carlos A. , Cubillos Francisco A. , Aranda Mario , Rojo Leonel E.
Published: October 2021

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are major problems worldwide and dietary polyphenols have shown efficacy to ameliorate signs of these diseases. Anthocyanins from berries display potent antioxidants and protect against weight gain and insulin resistance in different models of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Olanzapine is known to induce an accelerated form of metabolic syndrome. Due to the aforementioned, we evaluated whether delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (DG) and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside (DS), two potent antidiabetic anthocyanins isolated from Aristotelia chilensis fruit, could prevent olanzapine-induced steatosis and insulin resistance in liver and skeletal muscle cells, respectively. HepG2 liver cells and L6 skeletal muscle cells were co-incubated with DG 50 μg/mL or DS 50 μg/mL plus olanzapine 50 μg/mL. Lipid accumulation was determined in HepG2 cells while the expression of p-Akt as a key regulator of the insulin-activated signaling pathways, mitochondrial function, and glucose uptake was assessed in L6 cells. DS and DG prevented olanzapine-induced lipid accumulation in liver cells. However, insulin signaling impairment induced by olanzapine in L6 cells was not rescued by DS and DG. Thus, anthocyanins modulate lipid metabolism, which is a relevant factor in hepatic tissue, but do not significantly influence skeletal muscle, where a potent antioxidant effect of olanzapine was found.
Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Apoptotic Effect of the Small Molecule Procyanidin B1 in Early Mouse Embryonic Development Produced by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Authors: Gao Wei , Yu Tingting , Li Guomeng , Shu Wei , Jin Yongxun , Zhang Mingjun , Yu Xianfeng
Published: October 2021

As an antioxidant, procyanidin B1(PB1) can improve the development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos; PB1 reduces the level of oxidative stress (OS) during the in vitro development of SCNT embryos by decreasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing the level of glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Metabolite hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produces OS. Catalase (CAT) can degrade hydrogen peroxide so that it produces less toxic water (H2O) and oxygen (O2) in order to reduce the harm caused by H2O2. Therefore, we tested the CAT level in the in vitro development of SCNT embryos; it was found that PB1 can increase the expression of CAT, indicating that PB1 can offset the harm caused by oxidative stress by increasing the level of CAT. Moreover, if H2O2 accumulates excessively, it produces radical-(HO-) through Fe2+/3+ and damage to DNA. The damage caused to the DNA is mainly repaired by the protein encoded by the DNA damage repair gene. Therefore, we tested the expression of the DNA damage repair gene, OGG1. It was found that PB1 can increase the expression of OGG1 and increase the expression of protein. Through the above test, we proved that PB1 can improve the repairability of DNA damage. DNA damage can lead to cell apoptosis; therefore, we also tested the level of apoptosis of blastocysts, and we found that PB1 reduced the level of apoptosis. In summary, our results show that PB1 reduces the accumulation of H2O2 by decreasing the level of OS during the in vitro development of SCNT embryos and improves the repairability of DNA damage to reduce cell apoptosis. Our results have important significance for the improvement of the development of SCNT embryos in vitro and provide important reference significance for diseases that can be treated using SCNT technology.
Phytochemicals: “A Small Defensive Advantage for Plants and Fungi; a Great Remedy for the Health of Mankind”
Authors: Lupiáñez José A. , Rufino-Palomares Eva E.
Published: October 2021

In the chronology of Biochemistry, as a new science that emerged in the mid-nineteenth century after its separation from Organic Chemistry and Physiology, its beginnings were characterized by an intense search and subsequent isolation and characterization of different organic compounds that were part of the chemical composition of living organisms [...]
An Ultra-Compact Design of Plasmonic Memristor with Low Loss and High Extinction Efficiency Based on Enhanced Interaction between Filament and Concentrated Plasmon
Authors: Tian Ye , Zhang Saiwen , Tan Weishi
Published: October 2021

We present a numerical design of the plasmonic memristive switching device operated at the telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm, which consists of a triangle-shaped metal taper mounted on top of a Si waveguide, with rational doping in the area below the apex of the taper. This device can achieve optimal vertical coupling of light energy from the Si waveguide to the plasmonic region and, at the same time, focus the plasmon into the apex of the metal taper. Moreover, the area with concentrated plasmon is overlapped with that where the memristive switching occurs, due to the formation/removal of the metallic nano-filament. As a result, the highly distinct transmission induced by the switching of the plasmonic memristor can be produced because of the maximized interactions between the filament and the plasmon. Our numerical simulation shows that the device hasa compact size (610 nm), low insertion loss (~1 dB), and high extinction efficiency (4.6 dB/μm). Additionally, we point out that stabilizing the size of the filament is critical to improve the operation repeatability of the plasmonic memristive switching device.
Reducing the Risk of Co-Optation in Alternative Food Networks: Multi-Stakeholder Cooperatives, Social Capital, and Third Spaces of Cooperation
Authors: Ajates Raquel
Published: October 2021

Farming cooperatives are organisations fundamentally based on social capital. However, the neoliberal and globalisation turn in the food system have led to the economisation of agricultural cooperatives as their main objective and criteria for evaluating their performance, and to a retreat from their participation in the wider cooperative movement. Nevertheless, new models of cooperation may provide a method to divert from this neoliberalisation trend by promoting social capital and mutual learning amongst different actors committed to a transition to sustainable food systems. This paper applies the anthropological concept of third spaces to examine the case of multistakeholder cooperatives. This type of food and farming cooperatives are composed of a diverse membership groups (e.g., producers, consumers, coordinators, buyers, etc). A nuanced analysis of these cooperatives’ capacity to generate social capital, and more specifically to blur the boundaries between bonding, bridging, and linking social capital, is presented. Evidence from five case studies suggests that multistakeholder cooperatives that remain at the border of their game, operating in both real and symbolic third spaces, are more likely to be based on and reproduce different types of social capital as well as social and environmental sustainability, while in turn reducing the risk of co-optation of their transformative practices.
Assessing the Integration of Environmental Justice and Sustainability in Practice: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Clark Susan Spierre , Miles Monica Lynn
Published: October 2021

The environmental justice (EJ) movement has been a key factor in the United States’ struggle to provide a healthy environment for all to thrive. The origins of the movement date as far back as the 1960’s, led primarily by people of color and low economic status communities living in America’s most polluted environments. More recently, the just sustainability movement calls for the inclusion of EJ considerations, including social justice, equity, and human rights, into sustainability science and initiatives. Whereas previous work has elucidated synergies between both concepts, this paper provides a literature review of studies that apply the concepts of EJ and sustainability in the US to inform ways in which the concepts are merging (or not) for practical applications. The primary objectives of this review are (1) to identify the common themes in which EJ and sustainability are applied, (2) to qualitatively assess the progression of the integration of these important movements in practical applications, and (3) to inform research gaps that exist in this area. In general, we find that despite the increasing conceptual emphasis on the need to integrate these important concepts, the reviewed scholarship reveals that in practice, the integration of EJ and sustainability remains piecemeal.
Specific features of interaction of nurse in general practice with other specialists
Authors: Dvoinikov Sergey Ivanovich , Karaseva Larisa Arkadyevna
Published: October 2021

The crisis of a unified infrastructure of the health care system requires a transformation of the provision of medical care by bringing it directly to the patient, to the family, combining the elements of treatment and prevention, medical and social assistance at its level. All over the world, the important role of primary medical and social care (PHC) in protecting the health of the population is recognized, while the main place in the organization of out-of-hospital primary medical care is general medical practice. By actively modifying certain aspects of family life, GPs have the opportunity to make wider use of the possibilities of preventive medicine, in many ways to prevent the onset and development of diseases.
Nephrotic syndrome in the practice of a paramedic
Authors: Skvortsov Vsevolod Vladimirovich
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the issues of the clinic, diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome, its complications and the principles of prevention.
Memo for a patient with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Kovalev Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: October 2021

Angina pectoris is not an independent disease, but a syndrome that is a manifestation of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Ischemic artery disease occurs due to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle and is an acute or chronic heart dysfunction resulting from a relative or absolute decrease in the supply of the myocardium with arterial blood. In more than 90% of cases, the anatomical basis of ischemic heart disease is the lesion of the coronary arteries of the heart. Angina pectoris is a kind of heart signal about oxygen deficiency. The signal is felt in the form of attacks of short-term sudden acute compressive, pressing, burning pains in the heart region. In some patients, the pain is accompanied by a state of general discomfort, a feeling of lack of air, and interruptions in the work of the heart.
Laser therapy in the correction of pathogenetic disorders in pyoderma
Authors: Laknitskaya Anastasiya Olegovna
Published: October 2021

Currently, one of the priority medico-social problems of medicine is the optimization of methods for treating bacterial skin infections, in particular pyoderma associated with S pyogenes - group A Streptococcus. The traditional treatment complex, which includes antibacterial drugs used systemically or locally, selected taking into account individual sensitivity and the presence of pathognomonic microflora, is not always effective due to an increase in antibiotic resistance. Currently implemented methods of immunocorrection, carried out taking into account changes in the immune status in this pathology and the corresponding clinical pictures of patients, are pathogenetically justified and can be effective. The use of local laser therapy requires laboratory approaches to diagnostics, clarifying the role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity, intercellular mediators and antioxidant defense systems, which allow optimizing laser therapy as a method of treating this pathology. The use of a 450nm low-intensity laser promotes clinical recovery in patients.
Depression and tobacco smoking (analytical review). Part 2
Authors: Savin Sergey Zinovievich , Solodkaya Evgeniya Valerievna
Published: October 2021

In the pathogenesis of depressive disorders and the consequent suicidal behavior, an important role belongs to the neurochemical processes and structures of the central nervous system. An analytical study of Russian and foreign literature was carried out to obtain information about the relationship between neurochemical factors in the development of depressive disorders and to elucidate the causes and risk factors of suicidal behavior due to depression and an unhealthy habit common among young people, i.e. tobacco smoking. A systematic search of scientific publications on the neurobiological aspects of the research into the causes and risk factors of depressive spectrum disorders was carried out. The analysis of the results of relevant neurobiological studies in the field of etiology and formation of depressive disorders with suicidal behavior contributes to the development of effective means of prevention and treatment of depressive spectrum disorders.
Medical databases. What is important for a doctor to know?
Authors: Krylov Aleksandr Petrovich
Published: October 2021

The article describes the main databases on medicine, gives their general characteristics and methods of access to information.
Transient elastography in patients at risk of liver fibrosis in primary care: a follow-up study over 54 months
Authors: Reinson Tina , Byrne Christopher D , Patel Janisha , El-Gohary Magdy , Moore Michael
Published: October 2021

Background

Liver fibrosis assessment services using transient elastography are growing in primary care. These services identify patients requiring specialist referral for liver fibrosis, and provide an opportunity for recommending lifestyle change. However, there are uncertainties regarding service design, effectiveness of advice given, and frequency of follow-up.

Aim

To assess the following: (a) effectiveness of standard care lifestyle advice for weight management and alcohol consumption; (b) uptake for liver rescan; and (c) usefulness of a 4.5-year time interval of rescanning in monitoring progression of liver fibrosis.

Design & setting

Analysis of patient outcomes 4.5 years after the first ‘liver service’ attendance that included transient elastography in five GP practices in Southampton, UK.

Method

Outcomes included weight, alcohol consumption, rescan uptake, time interval between scans, and change in liver fibrosis stage.

Results

A total of 401 participants were recontacted. Mean standard deviation (± SD) weight loss was 1.2 kg±8.4 kg (P = 0.005); Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) grade increased by 7.8% (P ≤0.001). A total of n = 116/401 participants were eligible for liver rescanning and n = 59/116 (50.9%) agreed to undergo rescanning. Mean ± SD time interval between scans was 53.6±3.4 months. Liver fibrosis progressed from mild (≥6.0 kPa–8.1 kPa) to significant fibrosis (8.2 kPa–9.6 kPa) in 3.4% of patients; from mild to advanced fibrosis (9.7 kPa–13.5 kPa) and cirrhosis (≥13.6 kPa) in 15.3% of patients, and did not progress in 81.3%. No baseline factors were independently associated with liver fibrosis progression at follow-up.

Conclusion

Rescan recall attendance and adherence to lifestyle changes needs improving. Optimum time interval between scans remains uncertain. After a mean interval of 53.6 months between scans, and with no specific predictors indicated, a substantial minority (18.7%) experienced a deterioration in fibrosis grade.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENTOF THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE MOSCOW METRO IN THE PERIOD FROM 1935 TO 2000
Authors: Bratischev A.
Published: October 2021

For 200 years, the Metro has been carrying out most of the passenger traffic in large cities and metropolitan areas. The metro architecture embodies cultural ideals, historical milestones and the achievements of society in various fields. The metro is the transport frame of the city, participates in the formation of the urban ensemble. Sustainable development of the metro requires a comprehensive study of its architecture, analysis of domestic and foreign analogues: the prerequisites and chronology of metro development, identification of concepts, directions, principles and techniques of the architectural formation of metro objects. A systematic approach to architectural analysis and design of the metro, identifying the importance of the role of an architect allows to determine the prospects and vectors for the development of transport infrastructure, improve the quality and safety of passenger traffic, design energy-efficient, autonomous, economical, aesthetic and ergonomic metro stations. The high rates of modern metro design require the development of measures to preserve the unity of the metro lines and communication with the city space. Systematization and classification of trends in the development of metro architecture in the period from 1823 to 2000 will allow to determine the arsenal of architectural techniques, to develop urban planning approaches to the architectural solution of the stations
ORGANIZATIONAL FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONAL AND PLANNING STRUCTURE OF SERVICE AREAS IN SMALL HOTELS
Authors: Badavi A.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, small hotels are the most popular and intensively developing sector of the hotel industry. The modern typology of small hotels has significantly expanded and it includes new types of focus at a specific target segment of consumers. Customer focus is the most characteristic feature of small hotels and it is reflected in the organizational features of the functional and planning structure of the service areas in small hotels. The article is devoted to the discusses of the main and additional functional areas of small hotels (service part) based on the analysis of modern experience in the design and construction of small hotels, as well as the analysis of regulatory documents and scientific work on the design of this type of facilities. The main variants of functional schemes of the reception and lobby area, public catering area, consumer service and trade area, cultural and leisure, business, fitness and recreation, administrative and production areas, and areas for servicing cars (only for motels) are given. Conclusions are drawn about the direct relationship between the form of organization of the functional and planning structure of the service areas of small hotels with their specialization. It is concluded that the presence and composition of various functional areas of small hotels is always determined by a combination of the following external factors: type of hotel, location, level of comfort, contingent of guests. The tendency of consolidation and unification of separate functional zones of small hotels for maximum optimization of their space is revealed.
PRINCIPLES OF MODERNISM IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF SHOPPING COMPLEXES OF 1960-1980s IN THE CITIES OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
Authors: Ivanova-Ilyicheva A.
Published: October 2021

The 1960-1980s is the time for the development of the wide architectural and construction practice of the Soviet Union of the techniques and methods of world modernism, the adaptation of world experience to the special socio-economic and political circumstances of the country. The public and shopping center on Kalinin Avenue in Moscow is one of the demonstrative experiments in Soviet architecture. It illustrates the functional-typological and spatial-planning findings of XX century architecture, demonstrates the attitude of modernism to the historical urban environment and at the same time fully meets the image of modernity in architecture. It shows the relationship of modernism to the historical urban environment. This ensemble has become an example to be repeated in many cities of the country, including in the South of Russia. The article is devoted to the architecture of the Krasnodar Book House and the Shopping Gallery on Navaginskaya Street in Sochi. They are considered as unique examples of the organization of an extended citywide public and shopping center. The author has carried out a comparative analysis of objects in the context of world and domestic trends in the formation of a functional-spatial type, identified space-planning and formal techniques of modernism in their architecture. On the basis of the conducted field surveys, photographs, study of literature, historical graphic and photographic materials, the now lost original appearance of the objects is restored. Despite the differences in the degree of spatial complexity, functional and imaginative content of the complexes built in Sochi and Krasnodar, the nature of their integration into the historical environment of cities, both objects are typical examples of their stylistic and typological group and are endowed with common recognizable features.
Catalogue des poissons fossiles du gisement de Cerin (Ain), conservés dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon (Première partie)
Authors: Desroches André
Published: October 2021

Ce travail, qui servira de base pour les travaux ultérieurs, est simplement un catalogue des très nombreux restes de poissons provenant du gisement de Cerin (Ain, France) et conservés dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon.
Le karst de la région des Abîmes de la Fage (Causse de Martel, France)
Authors: Renault Philippe
Published: October 2021

Ce chapitre précise d'abord les caractères spéléogénétiques de la galerie des Abîmes de la Fage : conduit paragénétique déblayé puis colmaté au Quaternaire à proximité des entrées. L'étude des cavités et carrières voisines permet de montrer que les grottes sèches du Causse de Martel correspondent au déblaiement local d'un important système de cavités colmatées. L'âge de ces anciens remplissages est difficile à préciser dans l'état actuel de nos connaissances.
Les ursidés du gisement des Abîmes de la Fage à Noailles (Corrèze) (Ursus deningeri Von Reich.)
Authors: Bonifay Marie-Françoise
Published: October 2021

Les restes d'Ursidés de l'Aven de la Fage (Corrèze) sont peu nombreux mais présentent l'intérêt d'appartenir à l'espèce Ursus deningeri von Reich, qui diffère d'Ursus spelaeus par certains caractères anatomiques : l'ours fossile de la Fage possède des canines plus frêles, des tuberculeuses plus réduites, un métacarpien externe moins épais, un astragale moins massif et en général une taille plus réduite que l'ours des cavernes du Pléistocène supérieur.

L'association de faune de la Fage est d'âge rissien, l'intérêt stratigraphique de la présence de cette espèce d'Ursidé est de permettre de placer avec plus de certitude les deux niveaux qui ont livré U. deningeri parmi ceux contemporains de la première moitié du Rissien.
Les mustelidés (Mammalia, Carnivora) du gisement pléistocène moyen de la Fage (Corrèze)
Authors: Hugueney Marguerite
Published: October 2021

Dans le gisement de la Fage, les Mustélidés sont représentés par la belette (Mustela nivalis) extrêmement abondante, l'hermine (Mustela erminea) très rare, quelques blaireaux (Meles meles), une mandibule de glouton (Gulo gulo) et le crâne d'un putois ; il ne s'agit pas de l'espèce indigène mais du putois des steppes (Mustela (Putorius ) eversmanni) vivant uniquement dans les régions steppiques et, aujourd'hui essentiellement asiatique.

L'étude de 197 mandibules de belettes de la Fage, en comparaison avec des populations actuelles et avec les belettes fossiles provenant d'autres localités quaternaires (par exemple la Colombière, Ain) a montré la grande variabilité de la taille de Mustela nivalis (= M. minuta, 1 = M. microgale et M. macrosoma) sous l'influence des conditions climatiques.

Tous ces Mustélidés ne se différencient pas des espèces actuelles, seule la répartition géographique est différente puisqu'à côté des formes que l'on rencontre encore de nos jours dans la région de la Fage on trouve des espèces actuellement asiatiques ou boréales ; peut-être les niches écologiques étaient-elles alors plus diversifiées qu'aujourd'hui.
Eléments de datation pour la basse terrasse de l'Allier à Joze (Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Daugas Jean-Pierre , Evin Jacques , Paquereau M.-M. , Raynal Jean-Paul , Tixier Luc
Published: October 2021

La datation radiocarbone d'un bois fossile et l'analyse pollinique d'un niveau tourbeux permettent de proposer un âge holocène pour la partie visible de la basse terrasse de l'Allier dans le secteur de Joze.
La lampe magdalénienne de la Goutte-Roffat à Villerest (Loire)
Authors: Deloge Huguette
Published: October 2021

Après quelques considérations sur le site en général et le gisement en particulier, les conditions de découverte de la lampe magdalénienne de la Goutte-Roffat sont indiquées. La pièce est ensuite étudiée du point de vue descriptif, technique, typologique et fonctionnel. La conclusion invite les préhistoriens de nos régions à tenir compte dans leurs recherches, de l'intérêt que représentent les lampes paléolithiques en palethnologie.
Découverte d'ossements d'ours dans la grotte du Crochet, à Dorvan, commune de Torcieu (Ain)
Authors: Drouin Philippe , Ballesio Roland , Philippe Michel
Published: October 2021

La grotte du Crochet est la plus longue cavité du Bugey méridional et la seconde pour le département de l'Ain.

Découverte et explorée dès 1938, elle a fait l'objet d'explorations de plusieurs groupes spéléologiques de l'Ain et du Rhône. Depuis 1981, le Groupe Ulysse Spéléo, de Lyon, a repris l'étude de la cavité, en s'appuyant sur les résultats de traçages sur le massif.

Dans un nouveau réseau ont été découverts des ossements d'ours. Ils appartiennent vraisemblablement à un même animal. Par leurs caractères et leurs dimensions, ces ossements correspondent à un individu de petite taille mais entrant dans la limite de la variation observée chez l'ours des cavernes de l'Europe occidentale.
La vie en Ardèche au Miocène supérieur d'après les documents trouvés dans la carrière de la Montagne d'Andance
Authors: Mein Pierre , Méon Henriette , Romaggi Jean-Paul , Samuel Elisabeth
Published: October 2021

La carrière de diatomites de la Montagne d'Andance (Ardèche, France) livre des restes d'organismes continentaux variés : macrorestes végétaux, pollens, arthropodes, vertébrés. On essaie ici de proposer une datation paléontologique de ces restes (âge : Turolien) et de reconstituer l'environnement dans lequel ont vécu ces organismes.
Les oiseaux de la grotte du Salpêtre de Pompignan (Gard)
Authors: Vilette Philippe , Mourer-Chauviré Cécile , Meignen Liliane
Published: October 2021

L'avifaune de la grotte du Salpêtre est surtout riche dans la couche la, datée de 9900 ± 200 ans BP. Cette avifaune comporte surtout des formes vivant dans les forêts tempérées, mais comporte encore des éléments froids comme un lagopède, Lagopus sp., ou le cassenoix, Nucifraga caryocatactes. Dans le niveau F1 on trouve la chouette chevêchette, Glaucidium passerinum, espèce caractéristique de la taïga et très rarement signalée à l'état fossile.
La carrière des calcaires lithographiques de Cerin (Ain, commune de Marchamp). Vie et extinction d'une exploitation communale sur un gisement paléontologique célèbre
Authors: Bourseau Jean-Paul , Buffetaut Éric , Barale Georges , Bernier Paul , Gaillard Christian , Gall Jean-Claude , Wenz Sylvie
Published: October 2021

La lecture des documents conservés aux Archives départementales de l'Ain (Bourg-en-Bresse) permet de reconstituer l'histoire des carrières de calcaire lithographique de Cerin. Lettres diverses, courriers administratifs, délibérations de conseils municipaux et textes des baux illustrent la place importante qu'a eue cette activité, au siècle dernier, sur la commune de Marchamp. Tous ces écrits sont le reflet des relations amicales ou tendues qui ont pu exister entre les gens du pays, les carriers et le Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de la Ville de Lyon.
Détermination du sexe et de l'âge au décès à partir de l'humérus humain
Authors: Cogoluènhes André
Published: October 2021

Il est possible de déterminer le sexe des squelettes humains à partir des mensurations au milieu de l'humérus. L'âge au décès est pronostiqué valablement grâce à la densité de l'humérus.
D1 — Etude tomodensitométrique
Authors: Bochu Michel
Published: October 2021

L'examen au scanner montre que les bandelettes sont disposées régulièrement, les bras n'étant pas séparés du tronc. Les tissus osseux sont très bien conservés. La résine a sédimenté dans la partie postérieure de toutes les cavités. Les paquets canopes sont bien visibles dans le thorax.
D2 — Examen clinique et autopsie
Authors: Herzberg Guillaume , Cadi Pierre
Published: October 2021

L'examen clinique et l'autopsie de la momie sont réalisés en utilisant les techniques classiques, et en essayant qu'elles soient aussi peu agressives que possible. Le crâne, les régions thoraciques et abdominales, le sexe, les membres supérieurs et inférieurs sont examinés. Aucune pathologie particulière n'est mise en évidence chez ce sujet masculin, probablement mort assez jeune entre 30 et 40 ans). Deux signes de momification sont mis en évidence : une communication entre les fosses nasales et la cavité endocrânienne d'une part, un trou dans la fosse iliaque gauche d'autre part. Les paquets Canopes sont découverts dans les cavités abdominale et thoracique et soumis à un examen histologique.
Ah, cette Grésigne ! Catalogue des coléoptères de la forêt de la Grésigne (Tarn)
Authors: Rabil Jean
Published: October 2021

Jean Rabil a consacré de nombreuses années à l'étude des Coléoptères de la forêt de la Grésigne (Tarn, France). Il donne la liste commentée de ses observations en fournissant de nombreuses informations éthologiques et écologiques sur les insectes rencontrés.
Le cercueil de Tja-en-Khonsou du Muséum de Lyon
Authors: Gay Véronique , Petitpa Marie-Christine
Published: October 2021

L'étude du cercueil intérieur anthropomorphe de Tja-en-Khonsou, appartenant au Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon, inventorié sous le n° 90000829, est décoré sur ses quatre côtés d'offrandes funéraires et d'extraits du Livre des Morts.

La généalogie du défunt nous permet, grâce à la comparaison d'indices typologiques, textuels et ono-mastiques, une datation relativement précise. Le défunt auquel appartient ce cercueil aurait vécu au début de la XXVIème dynastie sous le règne de Psam-métique I. Ce dernier a conquis le pays en s'opposant à Montouemhat après avoir chassé les Assyriens d'Egypte. Il traduisit sa victoire par l'hégémonie qu'il conféra au clergé d'Amon à Thèbes auquel Tja-en-Khonsou appartenait, plutôt qu'au clergé de Montou dont ses ancêtres avaient été les dignitaires.
Moulage d'un squelette d'ours des cavernes dans la Balme à Collomb (Savoie)
Authors: Philippe Michel , Deverchère Gérard
Published: October 2021

The Balme à Collomb (Chartreuse Massif, Savoie), was an important cave for the hibernation of cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) during the last ice age. The in situ moulding of a ground surface on which many parts of a skeleton belonging to an adult bear were lain, has been realized and this, in spite of very particular conditions : temperature 1,5° C, ambiant or surrounding humidity 90%...

The different stages of this difficult operation are presented here as a photographic report.
Les ossements d'ours fossiles du Takouatz Guerrissène (Djurdjura, Algérie)
Authors: Auboire Guy , Gillon Pierre
Published: October 2021

Découverts il y a seize ans lors d'une prospection menée avec le Spéléo-Club Rosnéen, ces restes osseux sontdemeurés inédits. Après une description de la cavité etde son contexte spéléogénétique par P. Gillon, G. Au-boire présente et décrit les ossements ramenés à la surface, dont une boîte crânienne en excellent état L'analyse comparative des caractères descriptifs et biométriques des pièces datées par le radiocarbone de 9620 B.P. conduit à placer le spécimen du Takouatz entre Ursus deningeri et Ursus spelaeus, au sein de l'espèce Ursus arctos endémique à l'Afrique du Nord, dont il constitue l'un des derniers représentants. Cette étude souligne la particularité des caractères évolutifs des Ursidés fossiles de cette région, marqués par la concomitance de traits archaïques et évolués sur un même spécimen. Ce particularisme devrait être l'occasion d'une évaluation de la variation morphologique de l'espèce arctos et des espèces voisines, qui pourrait aboutir à une révision générale des nombreuses sous-espèces déjà décrites.
Masques et statuaire d'Afrique noire dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon
Authors: Zerbini Laurick
Published: October 2021

Les collections africaines du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon sont encore mal connues malgré leur qualité et leur richesse. La constitution de ce patrimoine ethnologique, à la fin du XIXe siècle, se confond avec celles des premières collections du Muséum au Palais des Arts. Louis Lortet et Ernest Chantre créent en 1879 une section d'anthropologie et d'ethnologie. Cette politique sera poursuivie par le Muséum dans ses nouveaux bâtiments Boulevard des Belges. L'Afrique noire, sans être le point focalisateur des élites lyonnaises lancées dans l'aventure coloniale, revêt un intérêt certain illustré dans un premier temps par l'Exposition coloniale de 1894, puis par la création du musée colonial scolaire. Après sa fermeture en 1960, les collections africaines reprennent leur place comme section enthnographique du Muséum. Collections publiques, collections privées enrichirent progressivement le Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon.
Le crâne trépané chalcolithique du dolmen de La Salvage (Millau, Aveyron)
Authors: Escola Marina , Boutin Jean-Yves
Published: October 2021

Un crâne, mis au jour en 1883, dans le dolmen de La Salvage, par Cartailhac, présentait deux trépanations. L'original semble avoir disparu. Un excellent moulage avait été déposé, à cette époque, au Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon. Ce dernier a permis d'étudier la topographie et la morphologie des pertes de substances qui n'avaient jamais été décrites. Nous serions en présence de deux interventions chirurgicales exécutées in-vivo, la deuxième ayant été suivie de décès.
Les Bovinés
Authors: Chaix Louis
Published: October 2021

Le Creux des Elaphes a livré les squelettes de trois bovinés, plus ou moins complets. La datation absolue de deux d'entre eux les replace dans l'Atlantique ancien. Le squelette le plus complet provient de l'éboulis. Il s'agit d' un aurochs (Bos primigenius) femelle. Cet animal adulte était de petite taille. L'éboulis a également livré les restes d'un boviné nouveau-né. Le très jeune âge de cet animal ne permet pas une attribution spécifique.

Dans la galerie supérieure, le squelette d'un aurochs de moins de 18 mois a été découvert. Il s'agit d' un mâle dont l'étude métrique pose encore une fois le problème de l 'allométrie chez cette espèce.
Catalogue des collections de Reptiles du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon. Deuxième note : Colubridae et Atractaspididae
Authors: Clary Joël , Ineich Ivan , Martelli Jean-Louis , Smith Hobart Muir
Published: October 2021

L'étude des serpents conservés dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon permet de fournir la liste de l'ensemble des serpents appartenant aux familles des Colubridae et des Atractaspididae.
Sensibilité de Cylindera arenaria aux aménagements fluviaux : l'exemple de la région lyonnaise (Coléoptères Cicindelidae)
Authors: Richoux Philippe
Published: October 2021

Cylindera arenaria, petite cicindèle paléarctique vivant sur les bancs de graviers des cours d'eau à régime torrentiel était présente sur l'ensemble du Rhône et de ses affluents alpestres. Sa présence correspond aux zones de tressage où les cours d'eau ont la possibilité de divaguer librement dans la plaine alluviale. Sur le Rhône, en amont de Lyon, l'étude des collections montre une évidente régression de la population à la fin du XIXe siècle en corrélation avec l'édification des digues insubmersibles, la construction de canaux pour la navigation et la production d'énergie électrique. Ces aménagements ont entrainé la diminution drastique de la bande de tressage. La comparaison avec les autres populations du Rhône, de la Durance et du Var montre que les mêmes causes (aménagements hydrauliques) ont les mêmes effets : la régression des populations de Cylindera arenaria.
Contribution à l'étude des Ursidés pléistocènes des gorges de l'Ardèche et de leurs plateaux : les restes d'Ursus deningeri de la grotte des Fées, à Vallon-Pont-d'Arc (Ardèche)
Authors: Ballesio Roland , Barth Philippe , Gély Bernard , Rosa Michel
Published: October 2021

La grotte des Fées est située dans la vallée de l'Ibie, petit affluent de l'Ardèche, à Vallon-Pont-d'Arc (Ardèche), non loin de la célèbre grotte Chauvet. Elle a livré un squelette partiel avec tronc, omoplate gauche, crâne et mandibule, ainsi qu'un autre crâne, deux hémimandibules et quelques os du squelette post-crânien. Il y a des éléments d'au minimum cinq ours adultes et d'un ourson. L'attribution de ces restes à Ursus deningeri est essentiellement fondée sur les caractères dentaires.
Catalogue des collections de reptiles du Muséum, Lyon
Authors: Ineich Ivan , Martelli Jean-Louis , Clary Joël
Published: October 2021

La liste de l'ensemble des Sauriens conservés dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Lyon est achevée avec la seconde partie des Sauriens et par les Rhynchocéphales.
The Andes mountain range uplift as a vicariant event in the Pimeliinae (Coleoptera :Tenebrionidae) in Southern South America
Authors: Flores Gustavo Ernesto , Pizarro-Araya Jaime
Published: October 2021

The Andes mountain range extends over 8500 km along the Pacific coast of South America. Its medium altitude is 3500 m, reaching more than 6000 m at different latitudes. The uplift of the Andes split arid habitats creating very diverse ecosystems on both sides. The distribution of the Pimeliinae (Coleoptera : Tenebrionidae) south of parallel 15° South is analysed, where the Andean mountain range separates xeric habitats both eastward and westward. The genera of Pimeliinae show four distribution patterns : endemic taxa east of the Andes, endemic taxa west of the Andes, taxa widely distributed on both sides of the Andes, and taxa inhabiting high altitudes in the Andes. Known phylogenies of genera and species of Pimeliinae are examined in terms of the Andean mountain uplift creating a vicariant event. A biogeographical track exhibited by certain genera of Pimeliinae connecting central Chile and southern Argentina is examined.
Fauna of Tenebrionidae in arid zones of SE Spain : endemism and species turnover
Authors: Sanchez Piñero Francisco
Published: October 2021

Tenebrionids constitute a dominant group in arid ecosystems of SE Spain. During a two year study conducted at three sites in the arid Guadix-Baza Basin (Granada province) using diverse methods (hand collecting, pitfall trapping, surveys on vegetation, light trapping) a total of 39 species of Tenebrionidae were collected. Results show a high number of endemic species of SE Iberian Peninsula (36%) associated with these habitats. In addition, another feature of the fauna in these arid zones is the high species turnover among sites, with different sites sharing 54-61% of species. Similarity between sites is much lower when species abundances are considered since the same species may be present in different sites, but abundances usually differ significantly. Low similarity among desert tenebrionid assemblages in SE Spain shows the existence of a high ecological diversity in the region. These results show that arid regions of SE Spain have a highly diverse and unique fauna, and have important implications on biodiversity conservation in SE Spain.
Taxonomic structure and relationships of the genus Cylindronotus Faldermann, 1837 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Nabozhenko Maxim V.
Published: October 2021

This paper deals with the systematic position and taxonomic structure of the genus Cylindrinotus Faldermann, 1837 (tribe Helopini, subtribe Cylindrinotina). Two basic concepts about systematic position and structure of the genus Cylindrinotus are discussed : 1) Cylindrinotus sensu lato (sensu Reitter, 1922, but without Nesotes Allard, 1876, Stenomax Allard, 1876 and Xanthomus Mulsant, 1854) ; 2) Cylindrinotus sensu stricto (nominative subgenus of the genus Cylindrinotus sensu Reitter, 1922). The second concept seems to be justified since cylindrinotoid and nalassoid genera are different evolutionary lineages. Monophyly and generic status of Cylindrinotus seems plausible. Taxonomical position of the genera Odocnemis Allard, 1876 and Cylindrinotus will remain unclear until larval stages of these groups are examined.
Protocole de réhabilitation d'une collection conchyliologique ancienne
Authors: Audibert Cédric , Clary Joël
Published: October 2021

De nombreuses collections conchyliologiques anciennes nécessitent des interventions indispensables à leur bonne conservation. Les personnes chargées de la conservation de ces collections sont confrontées à un vrai dilemme muséologique : conserver en l'état et empêcher des altérations supplémentaires de survenir au risque d'interdire toute manipulation ou étude, ou bien intervenir a minima pour rendre néanmoins la collection disponible à la communauté scientifique. Cette solution intermédiaire entre un stockage préventif et une restauration professionnelle consiste simplement en un ensemble de mesures de conservation prises selon un protocole rigoureux, en veillant à ce que les actions soient suivies et toutes réversibles.
Catalogue des collections de reptiles du Muséum de Lyon (Musée des Confluences). Septième note : Chéloniens et Crocodiliens
Authors: Bour Roger , Martelli Jean-Louis , Boyer Richard
Published: October 2021

L'étude des tortues et crocodiles conservés dans les collections du Muséum de Lyon (= Musée des Confluences) permet de fournir l'inventaire actualisé des spécimens de ces deux groupes.
Les "expositions de référence" au musée des Confluences
Authors: Côté Michel
Published: October 2021

Les termes d'exposition temporaire et d'exposition permanente ne renvoyant qu'à la notion de temps, le musée des Confluences prévoit la programmation d'espaces découvertes, d'expositions de déclinaison et d'expositions de synthèse et de référence. En quoi ces expositions sont-elles de référence ? L'exposition doit faire autorité au sens où ce qu'elle explique doit être rigoureusement fondé sans exclure pour autant la présentation de points de vue différents. Les objets présentés sont des objets de référence puisqu'ils constituent des points de repère historiques. Dans le domaine de l'histoire naturelle, certains objets sont des types : ils constituent en quelque sorte l'étalon de l'espèce et ce sur un plan international. Dans d'autres domaines, sont considérées comme référentielles deux approches : l'une basée sur la valeur intrinsèque de l'objet, l'autre sur la valeur de témoignage d'une situation, d'une époque ou d'une activité.
Animaux de laboratoires et fonctionnement social
Authors: Buatois André
Published: October 2021

The use of laboratory animals in biological and biomedical research is partly dependant on the way society works. The information that concerns the animal within the laboratory does not comply with the way these organisations really work. Therefore, an openness policy is put forward to enable a better understanding of the conditions to use those animals.

A society debate is now necessary. It concerns : the ways the society is informed, the distinctive features related to the use of laboratory animals, questions about the way the new ethics committees work, an updated approach of the concept of the animal as a model of man from researches in cardiology, philosophical questions on the development of genetically modified animals. That debate should encourage to accept laboratory animals for the progress of biomedical research, as it operates today.
Éthique et expérimentation dans les sciences du vivant
Authors: Atlan Henri , Chabert Véronique
Published: October 2021

The evolution of biology that has become biotechnology, producer of artéf acts and artificial living objects, marks a stage in experimentation practice and begs new ethical questions. Contrary to what the word "bioethics" implies, biology cannot solve problems raised from the internal deontological rules of the discipline. The fact that traditional definitions are no longer suitable starts a multi-disciplinary reflection that leads to rethink the foundations of ethics insofar as the limits that can be given to biotechnologies cannot be inferred from universal principles that rest upon an inflexible definition of the living and of man. The essence of an organism does not lie in its genes. What is not a man can become a man ; what is not an embryo can become an embryo. Essentialist definitions have to make way for progressive definitions. How can these ethics be conveyed by law or rights 1 Is a worldwide harmonization desirable ?