bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Testing in Neurology
Authors: Salunkhe Manish , Agarwal Ayush , Faruq Mohd. , Srivastava Achal Kumar
Published: June 2022

Approximately 80% genes have an active expression in the brain and 40% of known genetic disorders affect the central nervous system. Revolutionary techniques like next-genome sequencing have solved the problem of the diagnostic odyssey in neurological genetic diseases. As several studies have shown the cost-effectiveness of next-genome sequencing compared to the older tests available in our diagnostic armamentarium, it becomes imperative to know about these genetic mutations and the tests available to diagnose them. We have tried to explain the basic concepts of genetics, the selection of available tests and their interpretation for neurophysicians.
Tubercular Meningitis Complicated by Weil'S Syndrome – Management of Tuberculosis in a Patient with Concurrent Hepatic and Renal Dysfunction
Authors: Hareshkumar Chaudhary Niraliben , Gopal Prashant , Diggikar Pradnya Mukund
Published: June 2022

Weil's syndrome, a severe form of the disease, may present with symptoms such as jaundice, renal dysfunction, and hemorrhagic diathesis and it can progress to multi-organ failure leading to death. In patients with coinfection of tuberculosis with leptospirosis, there may be severe hepatic and renal dysfunction rendering the standard antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimen useless, thus requiring alternate drug selection and dose modification of antitubercular drugs. We present a case of a 57-year-old female who presented with high-grade fever and yellowish discoloration of the eyes. She was diagnosed with Weil's disease and started on treatment. She later developed altered sensorium and lumbar puncture was suggestive of tubercular meningitis. Due to her deranged renal and hepatic function tests, she was started on a modified regimen of ATT with intermittent dialysis. The patient responded to treatment and was shifted to the standard Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol (HRZE) regimen once renal and hepatic functions returned to normal.
Clinical Presentations of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria as Suspected and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Das Sivasankar , Mishra Baijayantimala , Mohapatra Prasanta Raghab , Preetam Chappity , Rath Sutapa
Published: June 2022

Background:

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are on the rise worldwide. The diagnosis and treatment of NTM disease create a dilemma for physicians as their clinical features often overlap with that of tuberculosis (TB). The present study aims to report a series of NTM infections presenting as suspected TB.

Methods:

It was a prospective observational study starting from December 2018 to January 2022

.

A total of 1850 suspected TB patients (pulmonary = 522 and extrapulmonary = 1328) were included in this study. Clinical features, radiological findings, microbiological diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were recorded. Clinical specimens were processed for Ziehl–Neelsen staining, GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay by cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test, and culture. The culture-positive isolates were categorized as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex or NTM depending on the detection of MPT64 antigen by immunochromatographic test. The NTM isolates were speciated by line probe assay using GenoType® Mycobacterium common mycobacteria kit. The criteria of the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America were applied to confirm NTM disease.

Results:

Of 1850 suspected TB patients, NTM disease was diagnosed in 20 patients (pulmonary = 9, nonpulmonary = 11). Eight NTM cases presented as suspected drug-resistant-TB with a history of antitubercular therapy. Among pulmonary NTM cases, Mycobacterium scrofulaceum (n = 7) was the most common species followed by Mycobacterium kansasii (n = 1) and Mycobacterium intracellulare (n = 1). In nonpulmonary cases, Mycobacterium abscessus (n = 8) was involved in majority of cases followed by Mycobacterium fortuitum (n = 3). Cavitary lung disease and laparoscopic port site infections were most frequent pulmonary and non-pulmonary manifestations respectively.

Conclusion:

Hence, there is an urgent need for better diagnostic and drug susceptibility testing facility along with standardized treatment protocol for NTM disease.
A Neutrophil-based Test as an Auxiliary Tool for Substantiating the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis
Authors: Rojas-Espinosa Oscar , Beristain-Cornelio Guadalupe , Santillán-Flores Marco Antonio , Arce-Paredes Patricia , Islas-Trujillo Sergio , Rivero-Silva Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2022

Background:

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is still a prominent threat to animal health; lacking an efficient vaccine, other than BCG to get rid of tuberculosis, the most effective way for this is culling and slaughtering the infected animals. There are several cellular, serological, and molecular tests for the diagnosis of the disease but the most practical one at the field level is the double skin testing with bovine and aviary tuberculins. This is not a very specific test but is sensitive enough to identify most diseased animals; adjunct practical tests are desirable to strengthen the utility of skin tests. All lymphoid and myeloid cells participate, in diverse grades, in the immune response to tuberculosis with neutrophils playing an unintended pathologic role. The study aimed to investigate the response of neutrophils to agents present in the sera of tuberculous cows.

Methods:

We have developed a neutrophil-based test (N BT) to identify diseased cows within a herd suspected of having tuberculosis; a positive N BT correlates with a positive double skin test. In this test, healthy neutrophils are incubated with the sera of healthy or tuberculous cows for 3 and 6 h, and the nuclear morphologic changes are recorded and analyzed.

Results:

Sera from tuberculous but not from healthy cows induce nuclear alterations including pyknosis, swelling, apoptosis, and sometimes NETosis, in healthy neutrophils, and CFP 10 and ESAT 6 participate in the phenomenon.

Conclusion:

We propose the N BT as an auxiliary tool for substantiating the diagnosis of bTB reinforcing the PPD test outcome to help decide whether or not a cow should be sacrificed.
Trigeminocardiac reflex during maxillary third molar extraction
Authors: Agarwal Anmol , Mittal Gaurav , Garg Ritesh , Rathi Abhishek
Published: June 2022

Trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a cascade of physiological response secondary to the stimulation of any of the sensory divisions of the trigeminal nerve, which is the largest cranial nerve and provides sensory supply to the face, scalp, mucosa of the nose, and mouth. This response usually presents as a triad including bradycardia, apnea, and gastric motility changes. On the another side, transient loss of consciousness or vasovagal syncope, a well-known phenomenon in dentomaxillofacial surgery with its pathophysiology fully elucidated, is thought to be mediated by TCR and sometimes termed as dentocardiac reflex. Thus, it is imperative to know about TCR and its association with routine dental and maxillofacial surgery procedures. It can potentially happen during any minor or major oral surgical procedures ranging from simple third molar extractions, soft tissue surgeries, root canal treatments, or management of maxillofacial fractures. This paper presents two case reports demonstrating TCR which presented during maxillary third molar extraction and author(s) own experience in managing the same.
Desmoplastic ameloblastoma with mucous cell differentiation
Authors: Goyal Jay Nandkishor , Shah Punit , Suryawanshi Shekhar , Goyal Priti
Published: June 2022

Ameloblastomas are tumors arising from the odontogenic epithelium. Ninety cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma have been reported so far in the literature, out of which only five cases with mucous cell differentiation have been reported. We are presenting a case of 24-year-old female having a chief complaint of a painless swelling on the left side of the face for 7 months. After radiological, histopathological findings lesion was diagnosed with unicystic ameloblastoma which was treated by segmental resection. The purpose of this article is to present a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma that has occurred in an unusual site and has unique histopathological features.
Comparison of intraarticular injection of platelet-rich plasma following arthrocentesis, with sodium hyaluronate and conventional arthrocentesis for management of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint
Authors: Ramakrishnan Divya Sanjeevi , Kandamani Janani , Senthil Nathan K. P.
Published: June 2022

Aim:

The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the management of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Settings and Design:

Thirty-three patients were selected from the pool of patients visiting the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Simple randomization was done.

Subjects and Methods:

Patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR) were indicated for arthrocentesis. Group A patients are treated with PRP, Group B patients with sodium hyaluronate following arthrocentesis, and Group C patients were treated with arthrocentesis alone. Postoperative pain and maximal incisal opening are the primary outcomes evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The collected data were analyzed with IBM. SPSS statistics software 23.0 version and the one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test were used.

Results:

The mean age is 33 years, with female predominance. The statistical significant differences (P < 0.05) in pain and MIO between the 3 groups at the end of 3rdweek, 4thweek, and 3rd month postoperatively are seen in PRP group comparative to other groups.

Conclusions:

Our study has concluded that the intraarticular injection of PRP is an effective management for anterior DDWOR of TMJ than intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate and arthrocentesis in, reducing the pain and improving the interincisal distance in patients with DDWOR, thus providing a rapid recovery and improved quality of life.
Long-term Survivorship and Non-cancer Competing Mortality in Head and Neck Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in South Korea
Authors: Jung Yuh-Seog , Lee Dahhay , Jung Kyu-Won , Cho Hyunsoon
Published: June 2022

Purpose As the survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) improves, survivors increasingly confront non-cancer–related deaths. This nationwide population-based study aimed to investigate non-cancer–related deaths in HNC survivors.Materials and Methods Data from the Korean Central Cancer Registry were obtained to characterize causes of death, mortality patterns, and survival in patients with HNC between 2006 and 2016 (n=40,890). Non-cancer-related mortality relative to the general population was evaluated using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). The 5- and 10-year cause-specific competing risks probabilities of death (cumulative incidence function, CIF) and subdistribution hazards ratios (sHR) from the Fine-Gray models were estimated.Results Comorbidity-related mortality was frequent in older patients, whereas suicide was predominant in younger patients. The risk of suicide was greater in patients with HNC than in the general population (SMR, 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7 to 3.5). The probability of HNC deaths reached a plateau at 5 years (5-year CIF, 33.9%; 10-year CIF, 39.5%), whereas the probability of non-HNC deaths showed a long-term linear increase (5-year, CIF 5.6%; 10-year CIF, 11.9%). Patients who were male (sHR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.41 to 1.72), diagnosed with early-stage HNC (localized vs. distant: sHR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.58 to 2.21) and older age (65-74 vs. 0-44: sHR, 6.20; 95% CI, 4.92 to 7.82; ≥ 75 vs. 0-44: sHR, 9.81; 95% CI, 7.76 to 12.39) had an increased risk of non-cancer mortality.Conclusion Non-HNC–related deaths continue increasing. HNC survivors are at increased risk of suicide in the younger and comorbidity-related death in the older. Better population-specific surveillance awareness and survivorship plans for HNC survivors are warranted.
Design and Implementation of a Custom, Web-Based Cooperative Loan Application Management System
Authors: Rilwan Dauda M. , Oyelakin Akinyemi M. , Usman Mohammed A.
Published: June 2022

Cooperative societies are growing in Nigerian Educational institutions. Members of different groups within theseacademic settings have been coming together to support each other financially through saving and incidental accessto loans. A good example of such cooperative groups is ASUP SICHST Makarfi cooperative society limited. Oneof the key challenges that most of these societies face in their day-to-day administration is the use of manualtechniques for management of cooperative records. ASUP SICHST Markarfi cooperative society limited is used asthe case study in this work. The society is registered by government of Kaduna State and is operating at Shehu IdrisCollege of Health Sciences and Technology, Makarfi. Despite having some proposals for deploying ICT solutionsto manage cooperative activities, it was observed that there is paucity of works that specifically identify the needto provide solutions to loan application management problem in a custom scenario. This study proposed a webbased loan application management system that addresses the identified problems in the current manual system.The solution was developed with focus on features that cater for loan application management function in thecooperation society, in a custom manner. MySQL, PHP, HTML, CSS and JQuery were the tools used for theimplementation. The new system is found to be custom-developed and can promote the creation and managementof members’ loan applications in the cooperative society. It is believed that this approach is better when it comesto deploying solutions for the management of custom operations of cooperative society activities.
Aflatoxin Total and Microbial Contamination of Grains, Oil Seeds, Yam Chips and Fish Sold in Maiduguri Market
Authors: Saka Habeeb K. , Bala Ibrahim , Ahmad Farida U. , Adamu Ahmad A. , Yerima Ahmad K. , Ibrahim Abdullah T. , Alkali Abba Kaka , Bamishaiye Eunice I.
Published: June 2022

Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites of fungus Aspergillus flavus and closely related species that infects severalagricultural commodities. The consumption of contaminated commodities adversely affects the health of humansand animals and also a cause of significant economic losses to producers. This study surveyed the aflatoxincontamination level of cowpea, maize, melon, groundnut, yam chips and fish sold in Maiduguri metropolis.Samples from each product (250 g) were bulked and thoroughly mixed using coning and quartering method to geta representative sample for analysis. Laboratory observations were carried out regarding microbial analysis,proximate composition and aflatoxin content. Samples for aflatoxin detection were classified into three; unsortedsamples, sorted samples and sorted/washed dried samples. Fish had the highest bacterial load 2.48 x 106 cfu/ml andAspergillus species were found to be the predominant fungi identified. Maize and groundnut with moisture contentof 5.63 and 5.62 had the highest total aflatoxin contamination (320.51 μg/kg and 236.3 μg/kg respectively) both inthe unsorted group. Total aflatoxin reduction of (58.82 - 99.99%) was observed in all the sorted samples andsorted/washed dried samples. It can be concluded that commonly sold food in Maiduguri had fungal and Aflatoxincontamination. Food should undergo several rounds of sorting to remove discoloured grains and grains that showsevidence(s) of deterioration to reduce the ingestion of food contaminated with aflatoxin.
Tripping Profile Analysis of the 33 kV Feeder of Ugbowo 2 x 15 MVA, 33/11 kV Injection Substation
Authors: Akpojedje France O. , Abu Yussuf O. Abu , Onowighose Onoriode
Published: June 2022

This paper investigated the tripping profile of the 33 kV feeder of Ugbowo 2 x 15 MVA, 33/11 kV electric powerdistribution network. The annual data of daily tripping of the 33 kV feeder from September 2019 to August 2020were collated and collected from the Ugbowo injection substation. The daily outage of the 33 kV feeder was usedto compute the monthly and yearly tripping profile of the sub-transmission line (33 kV feeder) of the Ugbowoinjection substation. The monthly and yearly failure rate, MTTR, MTTF, MTBF, availability, unavailability, SAIFI,SAIDI, ASAI, ASUI, etc. for the period of twelve (12) months were analyzed using the Load Point Indices (LPI)and Microsoft Excel was used graphically to interpret the results of the tripping profile of the 33 kV feeder. Theresults obtained from the analyses of the 33 kV feeder of the network showed that yearly failure rate, MTTR,MTTF, MTBF, unavailability, availability, SAIFI, SAIDI, ASAI and ASUI were 4.32%, 6.520 h, 23.148 h, 29.668h, 21.98%, 78.02%, 0.0358 interruptions/customer/yr, 0.2336 h/customer/yr, 78.03%, and 21.97%, respectively.These results revealed that the performance indices of the 33 kV feeder with annual total outage frequency (SAIFI)and percentage availability (ASAI) were a far cry from the recommended values of the internationally acceptablestandard value (IASV) of 0.01 and 99.99% respectively. This poses a threat to the reliability and availability ofelectricity supply to consumers.
Design and Simulation of an Advanced Solid-state Photomultiplier for Fiber-Optic Communication Systems
Authors: Rabiu Sanusi , Musa Salisu , Raymond Jerry
Published: June 2022

Detection of weak infrared light is essential for high data rate fiber-optic communication systems since itsperformance depends heavily on the sensitivity and bandwidth of photodetectors. Semiconductor diodes are themost common types of photodetectors that are widely considered. Indium Arsenide (InAs), being an AvalanchePhotodiode (APD), has become a solid-state photodetector of choice owing to its ability to detect infrared light ofup to about 3.5 μm. In this work, the depletion width and electric field profile of p-i-n InAs were simulated andused to obtain the multiplication gain. The effect of combining a series of p-i-n InAs in order to obtain longerdepletion width for the purpose of achieving high multiplication gain was investigated. To achieve this main target,the work was designed in two stages. The first stage involved designing a simple p-n junction of InAs to test themodel. Further improvement of the design to increase the depletion region was carried out by sand-witching anintrinsic piece of semiconductor material between the p and n-regions to form p-i-n InAs. The results obtainedshowed that the modification led to an interesting increase in the depletion width, electric field and themultiplication gain. In the second stage, the series of p-i-n InAs were combined to form an “Advanced solid-statephotomultiplier”. For the first time, a larger depletion width was achieved and thus increased multiplication gain.The results presented deduced that this novel design is promising since an appreciable gain much greater than 1000was achieved at about 6 V. Therefore, this could be used as an alternative to photomultiplier tube as well as otherexpensive photodetectors available.
Main developments in State aid control 2018
Authors: Pelin April , Flynn Leo
Published: June 2022

No abstract
Is 5-to-4 the new 4-to-3? A view from the United States
Authors: Hill Nicholas , Waehrer Keith
Published: June 2022

No abstract
Competition issues in digital markets
Authors: Khan Lina M.
Published: June 2022

No abstract
Learning from distant cousins? Post-Keynesian Economics, Comparative Political Economy, and the Growth Models approach
Authors: Stockhammer Engelbert , Kohler Karsten
Published: June 2022

Since the global financial crisis there has been growing interest in Post-Keynesian macroeconomic theory by political economists. In particular, the recent Growth Models approach in Comparative Political Economy (CPE) draws heavily on Kaleckian macroeconomics of demand regimes. This paper, firstly, traces the disintegration of nineteenth-century political economy and highlights that many streams within heterodox economics are a continuation of the political economy project, as are the sub-fields of CPE and International Political Economy in the social sciences. Secondly, the paper gives an overview of the Growth Models approach and its relation to Post-Keynesian Economics (PKE). It clarifies different strategies of identifying growth models empirically, namely GDP growth decomposition versus analysing growth drivers, and it highlights changes in growth models since the global financial crisis. Finally, it identifies opportunities and challenges that emerge from a continued engagement of PKE with political economy and with CPE in particular.
A Review on the Use of Waste Material in Flexible Pavement
Authors: Pandey Mradul , Pandey Vijayant
Published: June 2022

The day by day increase in the traffic in the country like India has to lead to a need for very good quality pavement, one of the most widely used pavements in India is flexible pavement but the conventional flexible pavement used has some problems in it such as rutting, potholes, etc. on the other hand waste disposal is also a problem in India waste such as plastic, coconut, coconut fibre, etc. these are some of the most common waste found in India. To deal with both the problems, the use of this waste in bituminous mix construction will improve the quality of pavement and also solves the problem of the disposal of this waste. This paper gives a review on the use of materials like coconut fibre, shell, and plastic waste in flexible pavement and also suggests some waste materials to incorporate into the mix.
A vueltas sobre la problemática de la libre designación en la habilitación nacional
Authors: Vera Torrecillas Rafael Jesús
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el proceso de introducción de la libre designación en la Escala de funcionarios de habilitación nacional, y reflexionar sobre la incompatibilidad de este sistema de provisión excepcional de puestos de trabajo con la independencia que reclama el ejercicio por estos funcionarios de las funciones reservadas a ellos encomendadas. La existencia del peculiar régimen jurídico de los secretarios, interventores y tesoreros en nuestra función pública local, se fundamenta en la garantía de independencia y objetividad en el ejercicio de unas funciones de control que se califican como necesarias en todas las Corporaciones locales. Estos funcionarios no ejercen funciones propias de la ejecución de políticas públicas locales, sino ligadas a la actividad de control de legalidad, fiscalización, manejo y custodia de fondos públicos y de recaudación; funciones a todas luces incompatibles con un mecanismo de provisión en el que prima la confianza política, y en el que el nombramiento y el cese recae en la decisión discrecional del órgano político a quien fiscalizan.
Disadvantaged Students’ Experiences with Social Studies Distanced Learning: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Supardi Supardi
Published: June 2022

Distanced learning, for most people, is synonymous with internet-based education and high technology. High technology-based learning in distanced learning contrasts with the distributed learning experienced by children in disadvantaged areas. This topic is complex and requires attention so that no child is left behind; yet it is rarely discussed in literary works, especially the facts of distanced learning without the internet from students' point of view who directly experience the phenomenon. This study aims to explore students’ experiences in disadvantaged areas in Indonesia regarding the implementation of distanced learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the process of in-depth individual interviews with seven participants, I used the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. The results of this study indicate that although students in remote areas have a passion for learning, the distanced learning process without the support of adequate facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic is felt to be severe for the students. This condition causes psychological problems for junior high school students in remote areas; namely, students feel inferior and suffer a learning loss. In the future, it is necessary to develop an effective distance-learning model without internet-oriented for children in remote areas to develop students’ well-being.
EFFECT OF IRRADIATION AND THERMO-INDUCED PROCESSES ON
REACTOR IN VESSEL ELEMENTS DURING LONG-TERM OPERATION
Authors: Breslavsky Dmytro , Tatarinova Oksana , Kalchenko Olexandr , Tolstolutska Galyna
Published: June 2022

A method for determining the effect of inhomogeneous temperature distribution, irradiation damage, irradiation swelling, irradiation creep of the material on the long-term strength of reactor in vessel internals and their deformation has been developed. The deformed state of the WWER type nuclear reactor baffle was determined. Constitutive equations taking into account the hidden damage of the material are proposed. According to the results of computer simulations, the strain fields of the section of the baffle during its operation for 60 years were analyzed, the place of possible occurrence of a macroscopic defect was determined.
RADIATION HARDNESS OF POLYSILOXANE-BASED SCINTILLATORS
Authors: Zhmurin P.М. , Yelisieiev D.A. , Alekseev V.D. , Yelisieieva O.V. , Нurkalenko Yu.О. , Popov V.Ph.
Published: June 2022

Polysiloxane-based scintillators with different contant of aromatic chromophore groups have been obtained. 2,5-diphenyloxazole and its alkyl derivative were used as activators. The optical and scintillation properties of the obtained polysiloxane scintillators have been studied, and their radiation resistance has been determined. The prospect of using the material in fields with high dose loads is estimated.
Histological Changes in the Lung Tissue in Association with COVID-19: Review Article
Authors:   Ass. Prof., Hammurabi Medical Collage, Babylon University, Iraq, Ghazi Hameda Abd Al-Mahdi
Published: June 2022

Background: It has been shown that SARS-CoV-2 is a multi-systemic virus and can affect number of body systems including the respiratory tract, the gastro-intestinal tract, the liver, the kidney and the nervous system. Despite the high mortality rate, there is little literature on postmortem findings of this unique virus, perhaps due to its highly contagious nature, inadequate information on prevention, and a lack of robust infrastructure for appropriate management of infected cases at various centers throughout the world. Aim of the study: The aim of the current study was to review and list the main histological changes seen in patients died because of COVID-19. Methods: A systemic search was carried out including Google Scholar, PubMed, and MEDLINE and the Google search Engine in order to scan all available published articles dealing with histological changes affection the lung in patients with documented COVID-19. The following key words were used to accomplish the search mission: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Lung Histology, Pulmonary Histology, Histopathology. The search was limited to articles written in English language. Any article published between the end of 2019 and the time of initiating the current work was reviewed. The information in the current review is totally based on reviewed articles that are mentioned in the section of references. Results: The main sources of lung tissues were Whole lung biopsy, Postmortem study, Core needle biopsy and Ultrasound based samples from autopsy. The exudative changes include injury to pneumocytes, congestion of capillaries, giant cell formations, dilation of alveolar ducts, thickening of capillaries, edema of interstitium and formation of hyaline membrane. The proliferative changes include hyperplasia of Type-2 pneumocytes with some reactive atypia with proliferation of myofibroblastic cells leading to granulation tissue formation, thickening of alveolar wall accumulation of alveolar macrophages, interstitial thickening which harbors collections of proliferating fibroblasts together with foci of hemorrhage and lymphocytic infiltration. Conclusion: The main histopathological changes in lung of patients with COVID-19 can be grouped into three main phases, exudative, proliferative and fibrotic phases in addition to changes involving vascular tissues, bronchi and bronchioles and the main changes are the diffuse alveolar damage seen in exudative and proliferative phases.
Precompetitive anxiety in young swimmers: analysis of the perceived competition difficulty (Ansiedad precompetitiva en nadadores juveniles: análisis desde la percepción del nivel de dificultad competitivo)
Authors: Barbosa-Granados Sergio , Arenas-Granada Jaime , Urrea Héctor , García-Más Alexandre , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Herrera-Velásquez Diana , Nanez Jonathan , Aguirre-Loaiza Haney
Published: June 2022

Anxiety in sports has been widely studied by professionals in sports sciences. However, the effect of perceived difficulty and Trait-anxiety on precompetitive State-anxiety is unknown. Through a non-experimental and longitudinal design, this article studied: (i)the effect of the perceived competition difficulty (easy, moderate, and hard) on State-anxiety and, (ii)the effect of Trait-anxiety, sex, and age on the behavior of State-anxiety. Seventy-nine young swimmers (Mage= 13.3, SD= 1.9) male (n= 58, 73.4%) and female (n= 21, 26.6%) were assessed via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The Anova and Manova indicated that the perceived difficulty of the competition affects State-anxiety. Therefore, a higher perception of task difficulty is associated with higher State-anxiety. Additionally, the interaction of sex, age and Trait-anxiety did not show an effect on State-anxiety (p> .05). The interaction of age and Trait-anxiety showed an effect (p> .05). A main effect of Trait-Anxiety on State-anxiety was observed in the perception of easy and hard difficulty. In conclusion, the perceived difficulty the competition affects the athlete's State-anxiety.
 
Resumen: La ansiedad en el deporte ha sido ampliamente estudiada por profesionales de las ciencias del deporte. Sin embargo, se desconoce el efecto de la dificultad percibida y el rasgo de ansiedad sobre el estado de ansiedad precompetitivo. Mediante un diseño no experimental y longitudinal, este artículo estudió: (i) el efecto de la percepción del nivel de dificultad competitivo (fácil, moderado y difícil) sobre la Ansiedad-Estado y (ii)el efecto de la Ansiedad-Rasgo, sexo y edad sobre el comportamiento de la Ansiedad-Estado. Setenta y nueve nadadores juveniles (Medad= 13.3, SD = 1,9) hombres (n = 58, 73,4%) y mujeres (n= 21, 26,6%) fueron evaluados a través del Inventario de Ansiedad Estado y Rasgo (STAI). El Anova y Manova indicaron que la percepción del nivel de dificultad afecta la Ansiedad Estado. Por tanto, una mayor percepción del nivel de dificultad de la competencia se asocia con una mayor Ansiedad-Estado. Además, la interacción entre sexo, edad y Ansiedad Rasgo no mostró efecto sobre la Ansiedad-Estado (p> .05). La interacción de la edad y el Ansiedad-Rasgo mostró un efecto significativo (p> .05). En cambio, se observó un efecto principal de la Ansiedad-Rasgo sobre la Ansiedad-Estado en la percepción de dificultad fácil y difícil. En conclusión, la percepción del nivel de dificultad de competencia afecta Ansiedad-Estado del nadador.
Diferencias de sexo en la maduración del control postural durante la infancia y la adolescencia: un estudio transversal en niños de 4 a 17 años
Authors: García Massó Xavier , Villarrasa Sapiña Israel , Pellicer Chenoll Maria Teresa , Bermejo Ruiz Jose Luis , Monfort Torres Gonzalo , Marco Ahulló Adrià
Published: June 2022

Purpose: the aim of this study was to determine the differences between the sexes in the development of postural control during childhood and adolescence. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-nine children were involved in a 30-s trial with eyes open and a 30-s trial with eyes closed. Using a Wii Balance Board, the mean velocity and median frequency in antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions were calculated, as well as the 95% confidence interval ellipse area. Results: The results showed that the youngest boys (4-5 years old) had a greater ellipse area than girls of the same age, while the girls in this age group showed a greater ellipse area ratio, although these differences disappeared until 12-13 years old. At this age, the boys showed greater mean velocity in antero-posterior direction both with eyes open and closed, as well as a greater ellipse area and mean velocity in the medio-lateral direction with eyes open. At 16-17 years old, the boys had lower mean velocity in the medio-lateral direction both with eyes open and eyes closed. Conclusions: In conclusion, the results indicate certain differences in the postural control maturation of girls and boys during childhood and adolescence.
Resumen. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las diferencias entre sexos en el desarrollo del control postural durante la infancia y la adolescencia. Material y métodos: Trescientos ochenta y nueve niños participaron en un ensayo de 30s con los ojos abiertos y otro de 30s con los ojos cerrados. Utilizando una Wii Balance Board, se calculó la velocidad media y la frecuencia media en las direcciones anteroposterior y medio-lateral, así como el área de la elipse del intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que los niños más pequeños (4-5 años) tenían un área de elipse mayor que las niñas de la misma edad, mientras que las niñas de este grupo de edad mostraban una mayor relación de área de elipse, aunque estas diferencias desaparecieron hasta los 12-13 años. A esta edad, los chicos mostraron una mayor velocidad media en dirección anteroposterior tanto con los ojos abiertos como cerrados, así como una mayor área de la elipse y velocidad media en dirección medio-lateral con los ojos abiertos. A los 16-17 años, los chicos presentaban una menor velocidad media en la dirección medio-lateral tanto con los ojos abiertos como cerrados. Conclusiones: los resultados indican ciertas diferencias en la maduración del control postural de chicas y chicos durante la infancia y la adolescencia.
Stretching global activo en alumnos de educación secundaria. Efectos sobre sobre la amplitud de movimiento (Active stretching, flexibility, adolescents, postural hygiene, range of motion)
Authors: Sanchez Moreno Miguel , Jurado Juan Antonio Romero
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los efectos de 5 semanas de entrenamiento de flexibilidad mediante el tipo de estiramiento stretching global activo (SGA) sobre la amplitud de movimiento en un grupo de estudiantes de educación secundaria. Un total de 21 alumnos pertenecientes a una clase de secundaria fueron aleatoriamente asignados a un grupo control (n=10) o experimental (n=11). La intervención consistió en 10 sesiones durante 5 semanas aplicando 20 minutos de ejercicios SGA de cierre coxofemoral. Para evaluar las mejoras en amplitud de movimiento se llevó a cabo una prueba de evaluación dedos-suelo y una medición del ángulo de flexión activa del hombro (hiperflexión bilateral sagital de hombro); antes (pre) y después (post) de la intervención. En el grupo control no se observaron diferencias significativas en la amplitud de movimiento del miembro inferior ni en el ángulo de hiperflexión del hombro. Sin embargo, los sujetos experimentales tuvieron mejoras significativas en ambas pruebas después de la intervención. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre grupos. Por tanto, parece ser que el método SGA genera mejoras a nivel de amplitud de movimiento en miembro superior e inferior y puede ser una propuesta innovadora, útil e interesante para aplicar durante la vuelta a la calma durante las clases de Educación Física. 
Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of 5 weeks of flexibility training using the type of global active stretching (SGA) on range of motion in a group of high school students. A total of 21 students belonging to a high school class were randomly assigned to a control (n = 10) or experimental (n = 11) group. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions over 5 weeks applying 20 minutes of coxofemoral closure SGA exercises. To evaluate the improvements in range of motion, a finger-ground evaluation test and a measurement of the active shoulder flexion angle (bilateral sagittal shoulder hyperflexion) were carried out; before (pre) and after (post) the intervention. In the control group, no significant differences were observed in the range of motion of the lower limb or in the angle of hyperflexion of the shoulder. However, the experimental subjects had significant improvements in both tests after the intervention. No significant differences were observed between groups. Therefore, it seems that the SGA method generates improvements at the level of range of motion in the upper and lower limbs and can be an innovative useful, and interesting proposal to apply during the cool down during Physical Education classes.
Calidad de vida de docentes de Chile y Colombia durante la pandemia de Covid-19 (Quality of life of teachers from Chile and Colombia during the Covid-19 pandemic)
Authors: Velandia Zambrano Víctor , Cuevas Rodriguez Gustavo , Salvador Soler Noemi
Published: June 2022

Es importante considerar el proceso educativo y el estado del profesorado para poder generar un ambiente adecuado en el aula. Si bien existe numerosa evidencia en calidad de vida en docentes de universidad, existen pocos trabajos que investiguen al docente a nivel básico y medio. El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo tipo no experimental y transversal de diseño descriptivo-comparativo. La muestra fue seleccionada bajo un criterio no probabilístico, incluyendo 117 docentes (66 de Chile y 51 de Colombia) de instituciones públicas y privadas. En ambos países el Rol Emocional fue la dimensión más afectada, seguido de Vitalidad y Rol Físico mientras que la dimensión con mejor puntuación fue Función Física. Al comparar ambos países Colombia mostró mejores puntuaciones en 6 de las 8 dimensiones, obteniendo Chile solamente mejor puntuación en Rol Físico y Salud General, pero estas diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas. En ambos sexos solamente en la Salud Mental se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los resultados sugieren que en el ámbito de la calidad de vida el confinamiento vivido durante la pandemia junto con las rápidas adaptaciones que debieron realizar los docentes en competencias digitales durante el cierre de las escuelas habría generado un impacto en la parte emocional de los docentes y especialmente en la salud mental de las docentes.
Abstract: It is important to consider the educational process and the status of the teaching staff in order to create a suitable environment in the classroom. Although there are numerous evidences on quality of life in university teachers, there are few studies that investigate the teacher at the basic and intermediate level. The study is of a quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach with a descriptive-comparative design. The sample was selected under a non-probabilistic criterion, including 117 teachers (66 from Chile and 51 from Colombia) from public and private institutions. In both countries, Emotional Role was the most affected dimension, followed by Vitality and Physical Role, while the dimension with the best score was Physical Function. When comparing both countries, Colombia showed better scores in 6 of the 8 dimensions, with Chile only obtaining a better score in Physical Role and General Health, but these differences were not statistically significant. In both genders, only in Mental Health statistically significant differences were obtained. The results suggest that in terms of quality of life, the confinement experienced during the pandemic together with the rapid adaptations teachers had to make in digital skills during the school closures would have had an impact on the emotional well-being of teachers and especially on the mental health of female teachers.
Eventos deportivos inclusivos en edad escolar, adultos y mayores: revisión sistemática (Inclusive sports events in school age, adults and the elderly: systematic review)
Authors: Gamonales José M. , León Kiko , Moñino José Fernando , Mancha-Triguero David , Muñoz-Jiménez Jesús
Published: June 2022

La gestión de eventos deportivos es un área en continuo desarrollo, que busca, a través de sus propuestas, llegar al mayor número de participantes. En la actualidad, existe una corriente novedosa de diseño de actividades para todo tipo de público, sin importar las capacidades de los usuarios. Teniendo en cuenta esto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura en torno a los eventos deportivos inclusivos en edad escolar, adultos y mayores. Para ello, se utilizaron las bases de datos Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, Dialnet, Sportdiscus y Google Académico. Las palabras clave utilizadas en la búsqueda de documentos fueron “Gestión deportiva”, “Evento deportivo” e “Inclusivo”. El booleano utilizado fue “And”. Para mejorar la calidad de la búsqueda, se establecieron una serie de criterios de inclusión y exclusión de manuscritos. Tras la revisión de manuscritos hasta diciembre del 2021, se seleccionaron diez documentos que cumplían con los criterios seleccionados. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los eventos deportivos inclusivos que se realizan en la actualidad están financiados con fondos públicos. Además, los participantes de este tipo de eventos suelen ser personas con y sin discapacidad, en igualdad de condiciones. Por último, la revisión sistemática de la literatura relacionada con los eventos deportivos inclusivos en edad escolar, adultos y mayores ha permitido tener un mayor conocimiento sobre las características básicas de los mismos. 
Abstract. The management of sporting events is a continuous advance area that seeks, through its proposals, to reach the largest number of participants. Currently, there is a new trend of design activities for all types of public, regardless of the capabilities that they present. Taking this into account, the aim of the present study was to carry out an systematic review of the literature on inclusive sporting events in school age, adults and the elderly. Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, Dialnet, Sportdiscus, and Google Scholar databases were used. The keywords selected to find the documents were “Sports management”, “Sports event” and “Inclusive”. The boolean used was – “And”. To improve the quality of the search, a series of manuscript inclusion and exclusion criteria were established. After reviewing the manuscripts until December 2021, ten documents were selected that met the selected criteria. The results indicate that most of the inclusive sporting events that take place are publicly funded. In addition, participants in this type of event are usually people with and without disabilities, on equal terms. Lastly, the systematic review of the literature related to inclusive sporting events in school age, adults and the elderly has allowed us to have a better understanding of their basic characteristics.
Transparência e accountability na Administração Pública: o caso da Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Rio Paranaíba
Authors:   , Melo Diego Queiroz
Published: June 2022

Nos anos recentes o Brasil vivenciou período de baixo crescimento econômico e corte de gastos da máquina pública (KUPFER, 2020). Com menos recursos orçamentários e maior rigidez fiscal parece aumentar a necessidade de promover a transparência e eficiência nos gastos públicos, tornando as instituições públicas mais fiscalizáveis e responsabilizando ainda os gestores públicos por suas atuações. A informação e o acesso a ela tornam-se então importantes ativos para cumprir esses objetivos. Esta pesquisa identificou junto a servidores da gestão financeira e orçamentária da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, representados aqui nas figuras de seus diretores gerais, diretores administrativos-financeiros e secretários dessas diretorias que existem questões estruturais na instituição que uma limitam o alcance de uma transparência profunda e a melhoria da accountability da instituição. Dentro das questões estruturais identificou-se a necessidade de uso de uma Unidade de Administração de Serviços Gerais (UASG) própria, a ausência de um setor financeiro na instituição, ausência de capacitação, conscientização ou orientações específicas voltadas aos gestores a respeito de accountability e transparência. Também foi identificado o baixo interesse da sociedade em participar da gestão da instituição, fazendo-se necessário que os gestores busquem novas formas de trazer a sociedade para a gestão da instituição, tornando essa comunicação com a sociedade mais "amigável", adotando formatos de divulgação de informações visualmente mais atrativos e acessíveis por canais mais abrangentes como as redes sociais. Notou-se ainda avanços institucionais que poderão tornar a instituição mais fiscalizável e transparente, como foi com a criação da Diretoria de Governança Institucional (DGI). Visualizou-se, de acordo com os entrevistados, possibilidades de melhorar a imagem institucional e a captação de recursos financeiros por meio de uma abordagem mais ativa da transparência e accountability. Como proposta de intervenção, desenvolveu-se então um programa computacional que será gerido pelos gestores da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Rio Paranaíba, com informações financeiras e orçamentárias que estes julgarem relevantes. O programa computacional foi desenvolvido de acordo com os requisitos visuais, técnicos e de informação que foram apontados nas entrevistas, aliados à visão do pesquisador nas áreas de Administração Pública e Tecnologia da Informação, produzindo-se um conjunto de informações em um formato que, espera-se, ser útil para os gestores desta Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior - IFES, mas também simples e atrativo ao cidadão de modo a despertar seu interesse e participação na gestão pública. Palavras-chave: Transparência. Accountability. Administração Pública.
Effect of Moss Killer on Dissolved Oxygen and Turbidity of Western Washington Lakes
Authors: Jacob Amal , Mcgee Rhonda
Published: June 2022

Several studies have been conducted on the effects of various pollutants on freshwater water systems in Washington state; however, research into the effects of increased concentrations of zinc, particularly via moss control products (representing a significant portion of the accumulative zinc pollution in Washington waterways) is scarce. The goal of this study is to shed light on the effect of moss control on the health of native aquatic microbial communities in Western Washington, measured via rate of change of dissolved oxygen and turbidity levels. Samples from Green Lake, Martha Lake, and Lake Washington were collected and introduced to varying concentrations of moss control, and the dissolved oxygen and turbidity levels of these samples were monitored over five days. It was discovered that there is a statistically significant negative correlation between concentration of moss control and both dissolved oxygen and turbidity. More research is needed to verify and further investigate these relationships.