bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN ROBUSTA GREEN BEANS COFFEE THROUGH THE WET FERMENTATION PROCESS WITH THE RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Maskum Ali , Wijonarko Gunawan , Purbowati Ike Sitoresmi mulyo , Anggriawan Riyan
Published: October 2021

Coffee is a refreshing drink that has potential as an antioxidant shown by its total phenol content. Fermentation is used to increase the phenolic compound content in coffee. The purpose of this study was to optimize the wet fermentation process to produce optimal phenolic compounds in green bean coffee. The process optimization was carried out by using Response Surface Methodology with three independent variables, namely the addition of yeast, added sugar, and fermentation time. The results of the quadratic model equation research to get the optimal process, namely Y= 65.18 + 0.56X1 + 2.66X2 + 16.26X3 + 1.51X1X2 + 0.18X1X3 + 0.66X2X3 + 9.29X12 + 23.71X22 + 6.08X32 with r2 of 0.8242 The optimum value of the wet fermentation process is based on the predictive value of the quadratic model, namely the addition of yeast 3.25%; added sugar 21.38%; and 124.73 hours of fermentation time resulted in a total phenol of 10.22 mg GAE / g.
PEMANFAATAN DAUN MINT (Menta piperita) SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA ALAMI UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN PATOGEN PADA JUS BUAH ALPUKAT
Authors: Astuti Beti Cahyaning , Yuliastuti Eko , Mustofa Akhmad , Suhartatik Nanik , Aditya Ihfan Bagas
Published: October 2021

Previous research has identified the food safety aspects of the fresh fruit juices sold in Surakarta. The results showed that the level of microbiological contamination in fresh fruit juice was very high and it was not safe for consumption. This study aims to test the ability of mint leaves (Menta piperita) as a natural antimicrobial source to suppress the growth of pathogens in avocado juice. Mint leaves contain natural antimicrobial compounds in the form of menthol, menthone, menthophuran, and methyl acetate. The study used a factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors, namely the length of incubation time and the addition of mint leaves stored in standard room temperature and refrigerant. The incubation times were 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours. The results showed that mint leaves were able to suppress the number of Staphylococci, reaching the lowest number, namely 2.19 ± 0.00 log CFU / ml. Total Salmonella-Shigella was not detected by adding mint leaves and incubation for 6 hours at cold temperature. The total coliform count gave the final result with the lowest log colony count value in avocado juice and cold incubation temperature of 3.58 ± 0.43. The use of mint leaves as a natural antimicrobial in food is not yet effective, so it needs to be studied more about the use of its essential oil or needs to be explored for further effective methods.
SUPPLY CHAIN UNCERTAINTY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF INDONESIA’S AGRO-INDUSTRY
Authors: Perdana Yandra Rahadian
Published: October 2021

Supply chain management (SCM) is a multi-stakeholder network for managing the flow of raw materials, finished products, information and money. The supply chain’s network refers to the interdependencies of the processes and activities. Taking this into account, stakeholders deal with an environment of volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA). The dynamic nature of the supply chain’s environment implies uncertainty in the upstream and downstream sides. Drawing from the literature, manufacturers need to mitigate any uncertainty in their supply chains, which can consist of supply, demand, and technology uncertainties. However, the previous literature neglected any discussion of supply chain uncertainty in the context of the agro-industry. Hence, to answer this gap, this study aimed to investigate the supply chain’s environmental uncertainty factors in the agro-industry’s sectors. Accordingly, this study obtained 30 respondents from the agro-industry in Indonesia. This study reported that the agro-industry in Indonesia has uncertainties about supply, demand and technology. It is faced with the inability of suppliers to consistently deliver raw materials, in terms of their quantity and quality. Meanwhile, demand uncertainty is caused by the fluctuations in customers’ demands and the industry’s low forecasting accuracy. Moreover, the rapidly changing technology has implications for uncertainty in services and product standards; making it difficult for manufacturers to anticipate the changes. This uncertainty in the supply chain’s environment needs to be controlled by the agro-industry through supply chain integration
Enhancing the Quality of Compost from Oil Palm Residue by Inoculating Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: Impact on Brassica rapa v. chinensis Growth
Authors: Madusari Sylvia , Firmanto Zakat
Published: October 2021

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are by-products of the processing of oil palm mills. The addition of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms is carried out to improve nitrogen content in OPEFB compost and it can be used as a growing medium to increase the quality of vegetable crops. The aim of this study is to analyse the potential of empty fruit bunch composts enriched with Azotobacter for improving pak choi (Brassica rapa v. chinensis) growth. The process involved the conversion of OPEFB by fortifying it with Azotobacter into value-added composts. Temperature, pH, conductivity, and nutrient characteristics of composts were analyzed during the composting process. The Completely Randomized Design was conducted to observe the potential of Azotobacter-fortified composts on pak choi growth. The growing media made in seven combinations, namely: F0: 100% soil (control); T1P1: 30% OPEFB composts + 70% soil; T1P2: 50% OPEFB composts + 50% soil; T1P3: 70% OPEFB composts + 30% soil; T2P1: 28% OPEFB composts + 2% Azotobacter sp. + 70% soil; T2P2: 48% OPEFB composts + 2% Azotobacter sp. + 50% soil; T2P3: 68% OPEFB composts + 2% Azotobacter sp. + 30% soil. The research revealed that the highest pH and conductivity values are 8.46 and 1.16 mS.cm-1, which occurred in Azotobacter assisted OPEFB composting. In the application of the compost as the growing media for pak choi, the morphological parameter showed significant effects. The Azotobacer assisted compost promoted significant increase in plant height (23,7 cm), root dry weight (2,84 g), shoot dry weight (2,39 g), root length (28,56 cm), leaf area (73,37 cm2), and number of stomata (36,70 cm-1).
Alternatif Pendanaan Antara Leasing, Hutang Jangka Panjang dan Saham Biasa dalam Pengadaan Aktiva Tetap pada PT. Blue Bird Tbk
Authors: Bella Mei Mita , Amaniyah Evaliati
Published: October 2021

In a business, fixed assets are very important for a company, fixed assets in the company are usually used as an investment for the long term. In addition, the most important thing in a company is fixed assets as a working capital for the survival of the company. The choice of financing alternatives will affect the decision making in the procurement of fixed assets. The purpose of this study is to determine which source of funding is the most efficient in the procurement of fixed assets among leasing, long term debt, and common stock capital at PT. Blue Bird Tbk in 2019. This study uses a descriptive research method that compare   net present value of the three funding alternatives. The result of study shows that long-term debt has a smallest net present value compared to leasing and common stock capital so that it is most efficient when used in the procurement of fixed assets in PT. BIue Bird Tbk.
Pengaruh Gaya Hidup Halal, Label Halal Dan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ms Glow (Studi Pada Mahasiswi Universitas Trunojoyo Madura)
Authors: Hoiriyah Yuliana Ulfidatul , Chrismardani Yustina
Published: October 2021

This study aims to see the effect of the halal lifestyle, the halal label, and the price of MS Glow’s product on the  purchase decision of students of Trunojoyo Madura University from 2017 to 2020. Sampling in this study used accidental sampling with a total of 100 respondent, and analyzed using multiple linear regressions analysis. Based on the partial analysis, the result show, that each variables (halal lifestlye, halal label and price) has a significant effect on the purchase  decision of MS Glow of the students of Trunojoyo Madura University.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN HARGA SAHAM DAN VOLUME PERDAGANGAN SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENGUMUMAN COVID-19 DI INDONESIA (Studi Pada Indeks Saham LQ-45 Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Iswanti Aviana Putri , Susandini Aprilina
Published: October 2021

The Covid-19 case in Indonesia was first announced on March 2, 2020. This study aims to determine whether there is a significant difference in share prices and share trading volume before and after the announcement of Covid-19 in Indonesia on LQ-45 shares on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. . The research data were taken 14 days before and 14 days after the announcement of the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The data analysis was processed with descriptive statistics, the One Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. From the results of data processing, it shows that there is a significant difference in stock prices before and after the announcement of the first Covid-19 case in Indonesia. This is indicated by a significance value of 0.00 0.05. Where the share price has decreased compared to before the announcement of the Covid-19 case. Meanwhile, the trading volume of shares also shows a significant difference. Where the significance value is 0.00 0.05. The volume of stock trading after the announcement shows an increasing value.
ANALISIS STRATEGI BAURAN KOMUNIKASI PEMASARANDALAM MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN SENJATA KERIS DIDESA AENG TONG – TONG SUMENEP
Authors: Albar Andi Barri , Suyono Suyono
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine what strategies are used to increase the sale of keris weapons in the village of Aeng Tong-Tong Sumenep. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, descriptive research aims to collect detailed information by describing the situation in the field, data obtained through interviews with researchers from informants. From the results of research that can be obtained that the marketing communication mix that has been used by businessmen in the village of Aeng Tong-Tong Sumenep currently is Advertising, Sales promotion, Event and experiences, Online and social media marketing,interactive marketing, Personal selling. With the marketing communication mix relatively increased compared to before using only conventional sales methods.
ANALYSIS VALUE CHAIN GOVERNANCE DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL OF VANNAMEI SHRIMP FARMERS IN MRANDUNG BANGKALAN
Authors: Eri Silvia , Mada Yudhi Prasetya
Published: October 2021

The people of Mrandung has plunged into of business shrimp farmer, mostly the type of shrimp chosen is vannamei shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ), the aim of this study is to find out and to analysis of the distribution channel governance chain value in Mrandung, the method that used in this study is a qualitative research, and the conclusion in this study is that indigenous people lack of knowledge in governance and the value chain of the vannamei shrimp distribution channel so that many farmers suffer losses due to unknowledgeable. But on the other hand there is a company namely PT. TBAI (Tanjung Bumi Indonesian Aquaculture) that engaged in vannamei shrimp farming and the company has been already using good corporate governance and the distribution channel value chain, making it is quite maximum for the company's value. The results of this study show governance on company farms vannamei shrimp was very good, the value chain of distribution channels has been using are already managed well with using three distribution channels more widely, while the governance from distribution channels chain vannamei shrimp farmer I use two distribution channels more simple than others and shrimp vannamei farmer II uses one distribution channel chain more complexly than I.
Pengaruh Inovasi Produk Dan Pemasaran Media Facebook Terhadap Minat Beli Batik Pada UD. Silvia Desa Telaga Biru-Tanjung Bumi
Authors: Pamungkas Endah Sofy Tri , Pambudi Bambang Setyo
Published: October 2021

Tanjung Bumi batik has a rich variety of motifs, patterns, and colors that can describe the character of the coastal population, especially Madura Island. The purpose of this study was to determine whether product innovation and Facebook media marketing had an effect on buying interest in batik. The sampling technique in this study used the non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique, and analyzed with IBM SPSS 2.0 software. The results of this study indicate that the product innovation variable (X1) is worth 0.608, which shows a value of 0.000 0.05, this indicates that the product innovation variable has a significant effect on buying interest. The Facebook media marketing variable (X2) has a value of 0.424, which shows a value of 0.000 0.05, it shows that the Facebook media marketing variable has a significant effect on buying interest. Based on testing the value of Ftable 2.41 Fcount of 483.646 with a significance of 0.000 0.05, this shows that Product Innovation and Facebook Media Marketing have a simultaneous or joint effect on buying interest.
Mengungkap Sistem Pemasaran Nasi Boran Dengan Pendekatan Teori Entrepreneurial Marketing
Authors: Muyassirah Muyassirah , Arief Mohammad
Published: October 2021

This research aims to describe the appropriate marketing system for selling Nasi Boran with an entrepreneurial marketing theory approach. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data mining techniques in this research, namely: observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. Data reduction, data display (display), and verification used for analyzing data. The results of this study indicate that there are seven variables to the entrepreneurial marketing theory approach on the marketing of Nasi boran. These include: (1) Proactive, namely increased sales. (2) Innovative, which is creating new ideas. (3) Calculated Risk-Taking, namely facing the competitive world of business. (4) Opportunities, namely seeing and taking opportunities. (5) Customer Intensity, namely building and maintaining good relationships. (6) Resource Leveraging, namely using and utilizing existing resources. (7) Value Creation, namely creating new combinations.
Reaksi Pasar Atas Saham Yang Masuk Dan Keluar Indeks LQ 45
Authors: Indrawati Sari
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji reaksi pasar saham ketika saham ditambahkan dan dihapus dari indeks LQ 45. Reaksi pasar diuji dengan menggunakan metode event study untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat rata-rata abnormal return yang signifikan, rata-rata cumulative abnormal return dan rata-rata. rasio volume di sekitar tanggal pengumuman. Penelitian ini juga menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada rata-rata abnormal return, rata-rata cumulative abnormal return dan rasio volume rata-rata saham yang ditambahkan dan dihapus dari indeks LQ 45 dengan menggunakan uji-t sampel independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat reaksi pasar yang positif ketika saham ditambahkan ke indeks LQ 45 sedangkan saham yang dihapus dari indeks LQ 45 menunjukkan reaksi pasar yang negatif. Independent-sample t-test menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata abnormal return antara saham yang ditambahkan dan dihapus dari indeks LQ 45 dan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada rata-rata abnormal return kumulatif dan rasio volume rata-rata antara saham yang ditambahkan dan dihapus dari indeks LQ 45.
Pemahaman Konsep Geometri Anak Usia Dini pada Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM
Authors: Sa'ida Naili
Published: October 2021

Pemahaman konsep geometri pada anak penting untuk dikembangkan karena dalam kehidupan sehari-hari cenderung sering kita perlukan, melalui konsep geometri anak mampu mengembangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pemahaman konsep geometri anak usia dini melalui pembelajaran berbasis STEAM.  Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pre experiment one group pretest posttest. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi dan wawancara. Indikator dalam penelitian ini diantaranya: mengelompokkan bentuk geometri berdasarkan warnanya, pengelompokan geometri berdasarkan bentuk, pengelompokan geometri menurut ukuran, dan menyebutkan benda disekitar yang berbentuk geometri. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon match pairs test. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai Thit sebesar 0 dan Ttab=3 dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan N=10. Diketahui Thit≤ Ttab, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis STEAM mampu mengembangkan pemahaman konsep geometri anak usia dini. Pengembangan geometri pada penelitian ini lebih pada inovasi model pembelajaran yang diterapkan yaitu dengan pembelajaran berbasis STEAM yang mampu membuat anak lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya, dapat melakukan penelitian pengembangan pemahaman konsep geometri pada aspek lain dengan meningkatkan kualitas dari segi pelaksanaan atau media yang mampu mencapai hasil yang optimal.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PENGELOLA PARKIR ATAS KEHILANGAN KENDARAAN DI TEMPAT PARKIR
Authors: Faisal Bagus Imam , Dara Siwi Widia , Fraja St. Ika Noerwulan , Zubairi Zubairi
Published: October 2021

Parking organizers often do not want to replace lost vehicles as written on the ticket. Even though Article 102 of PP 79/2013 stipulates that the parking organizer must replace, but is not equipped with clear sanctions. The problem formulations of this research are the parking control system and the parking manager's responsibility for the parked vehicles loss. The research purpose are to analyze the parking control system and the parking manager's responsibility for the parked vehicles loss. This research is legal research with primary sources, secondary sources, and tertiary sources collected by the literature study method and analyzed by prescriptive methods. The parking control system aims to support the parking work system to make it more effective, efficient and safe. The existence of parking lots, provision of facilities, and security guarantees are a unified system. If there is a parked vehicle missing, the parking organizer must replace it as stipulated in Article 102 PP 79/2013, but the sanctions are not clearly regulated. The inclusion of writing in the parking location that contains a statement that is not responsible for loss is known as a standard clause that contradicts Article 18 of Law 8/1999, and can be sued civilly for illegal acts and defaults based on Article 1694, Article 1234, Article 1239, Article 1365 , 1366, and 1367 BW. So parking organizers must maintain security and replace losses.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP FRANCHISEE YANG DI RUGIKAN OLEH FRANCHISOR DALAM PERJANJIAN WARALABA
Authors: Astutik Dwi Puji
Published: October 2021

Problems that often occur in practice of franchise agreements in Indonesia wich is often the franchise receiver and franchise giver in conducting cooperation agreements do not involve the role of a notary public in making the agreement so that the form of the agreement made is only an underhand agreement, it is very detrimental and creates risks if one party violates the agreement that has been agreed upon. The agreement made by both parties is no exception the franchise agreement which is made is only a limited agreement under the hand so that the protection of the rights of each party in the franchise agreement, especially the franchisee is not enough to protect the rights attached to him, because agreements made only under the hands of the strength of proof are not perfect, unlike agreements made authentically before a notary whose proof of strength is perfect. Therefore, in practice there are still many franchisees whose are harmed by the franchise agreement agreed upon with the franchisor. This research is normative using the statutory approach and the conceptual approach. The source of legal material in this study uses primary legal material sources supported by secondary legal materials and uses legal material collection techniques through library research, the analysis in this study uses content analysis and systematic interpretation. The results showed that legal protection in franchising activities (Franchise) is regulated in Government Regulation Number 42 of 2007 concerning Franchising. The form of this cooperation agreement is outlined in the form of a written agreement that contains several standard and additional clauses that have been discussed previously between the two parties. , this is what limits the franchisee by stating that after the termination of the agreement, the franchisee is limited to not doing business in a similar business to the previous franchise business that has been undertaken for a certain period. To protect the rights of the franchisee, the franchise agreement agreed upon must be in the form of a notary deed (authentic). It aims to ensure justice sbetween the parties and legal certainty of the contents of the franchise agreement more secure.
Orbital cholesterol granuloma: a retrospective case series
Authors: Zhao Yun , Hui Jingwen , Yu Shasha , Lin Jinyong , Zhao Hong
Published: November 2021

Background
To review the clinical features, radiographic features, therapy, pathological features and prognosis of orbital cholesterol granuloma(CG).
Methods
Twelve patients with orbital CG who were referred to Tianjin Eye Hospital between January 2002 and December 2020 were include in this retrospective case series study. Data collected included patient ophthalmic manifestations, imaging finding, treatment strategies, pathological features and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed.
Results
The patients comprised 10 males and 2 females. The mean age was 34.5±8.9 years(range 16 to 45 years). Four patients had a history of orbital trauma. The clinical manifestations at first visit were proptosis ( 7/12, 58.3%), periorbital or eyelids swelling (6/12,50%), limitation of eye displacement (4/12,33.3%), ptosis(2/12,16.7%), decreased visual acuity (1/12,8.3%).CT showed a non-enhancing,well-circumscribed lesion in the orbit with extensive erosion of the adjacent frontal bone and temporal bone.MRI showed a non-enhancing mass with intermediate to high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Ten patients underwent lateral orbitotomy, and two patient underwent supraorbital orbitotomy,.All patients had aggressive bone erosion. Histopathologic evaluation of the cyst contents and wall revealed cholesterol clefts,multinucleated giant cells,histiocytes, foamy macrophages,and altered blood pigments. The median recurrence time of 79.6±49.8 months (range 19 month to 193 months). Three patients were lost to follow-up. No postoperative diminution of vision was noted,and no recurrence was observed.
Conclusions
Cholesterol granulomas can present as superiotemporal or temporal orbital lesions. The diagnosis can be established based on CT and MRI. Most of patients can have no history of orbital trauma.
Assessment of Maternal and Child Health Care Services Performance in The Context of COVID-19 Pandemic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Evidence From Routine Service Data
Authors: Gebreegziabher Senedu Bekele , Marrye Solomon Sisay , Kumssa Tsegaye Hailu , Merga Kassa Haile , Feleke Alemu Kibret , Dare Degu Jerene , Hallström Inger Kristensson , Yimer Solomon Abebe , Shargie Mulatu Biru
Published: November 2021

Background
In many settings, health care service provision has been modified to managing COVID-19 cases, and this has been affecting the provision of maternal and child health services. The aim of this study was to assess trends in selected maternal and child health services performance in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A cross-sectional data review was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from April to May 2021. Routine health management information system database was reviewed from Addis Ababa Health Bureau for the period from July 2019 to March 2021 across all quarters. Proportions and mean with standard deviations were computed. T-test was used to assess statistically significant differences in services mean performance.
Results
PNC visit, new contraceptives accepters, safe abortion care and number of under-five years old children treated for pneumonia significantly decreased by 9.3% (p-value 0.04), 20.3% (p-value 0.004), 23.7% (p-value 0.01) and 77.2% (P-value < 0.001), respectively during the first eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the previous eight months’ average performance. The trends in ANC first visit, new contraceptive accepters, pentavalent-3 vaccination and under-five children treated for pneumonia began to decline between January-March 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic began; with accelerated declines between April-June 2020 following national lockdown. The trends for the stated services began to increase during July-September 2020, during the last quarter of national lockdown. Contraceptive accepters and pentavalent-1 vaccination continued to decline and showed no recovery until January-March 2021when this study was completed.
Conclusions
Most of the maternal and child health services performance declined following the onset of COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown, and most of the services began recovering during July-September 2020, the last quarter of national lockdown. However, new and repeat contraceptive accepters and pentavalent-1 recipients continue to decline and show no recovery during end of the study period. Implementing COVID-19 prevention measures and assuring the community about the safety of service delivery is imperative to ensure continuity of the maternal and child health services. Regular monitoring and evaluation of services performance is required to identify slowly recovering services and respond to potentially volatile changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
ACRnet: Adaptive Cross-transfer Residual neural network for chest X-ray images discrimination
Authors: Zhang Wenyu
Published: November 2021

Background: Cardiothoracic diseases are a serious threat to human health and chest X-ray images have great reference value for the diagnosis and treatment. However, it is difficult for professional doctors to accurately diagnose cardiothoracic diseases through chest X-ray images sometimes and there will be different understanding based on human subjective differences, which will affect the judgment and treatment of diseases. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a high-precision neural network to recognize chest X-ray images of cardiothoracic diseases.Methods: In this work, we cross-transfer the information extracted by the residual block and by the adaptive structure to different levels, which avoids the reduction of the adaptive function by residual structure and improves the recognition performance of the model. To evaluate the recognition ability of ACRnet, VGG16, InceptionV2, ResNet101 and CliqueNet are used for comparison. In addition, we use the deep convolution generative adversarial network (DCGAN) to expand the original dataset.Result: We find ACRnet has better recognition ability than other networks in identifying cardiomegaly, emphysema and normal. Besides, ACRnet's recognition ability has been greatly improved after data expansion. Conclusions: The experimental result indicates that emphysema and cardiomegaly can be effectively identified by ACRnet. Using DCGAN technology to expand the dataset can further improve the recognition ability of the model.
Clinical Characteristics and Allergen Detection of Perioperative Anaphylaxis: A 12-year Retrospective Analysis from an Anesthesia Clinic in China
Authors: Liu Xiaowen , Gong Ruisong , Xin Xin , Zhao Jing
Published: November 2021

Background: Anaphylaxis during anesthesia is a rare but often a potentially life-threatening event for patients. Identifying culprit agents responsible for anaphylaxis is of great important for avoiding potential re-exposure to allergens, but it poses great challenge for anesthetists. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the culprits of patients with a history of perioperative anaphylaxis referred to an anesthesia allergy clinic in China, and to evaluate the role of allergy diagnostic tests in clinical practice.Methods: A total of 145 patients (102 female/43 male) who attended the Anesthesia Allergy Clinic for allergen detection between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics, results of allergy diagnostic tests including skin and/or basophil activation tests, and the incidence of repeat anaphylaxis after use of recommended alternative anesthetics were obtained.Results: Of these 145 patients, 109 patients (75.2%, 74 females/35 males) were determined to experience perioperative anaphylaxis. The commonest presenting clinical feature was cardiovascular manifestations (n=63, 57.8%). According to diagnostic work up, the commonest culprits for perioperative anaphylaxis were neuromuscular blocking agents (n= 35, 32.1%). After diagnostic work up, 52 patients underwent repeat anesthesia, and none had recurrent anaphylaxis.Conclusions: This study suggests that neuromuscular blocking agents are the main culprits for perioperative anaphylaxis. For patients with perioperative anaphylaxis, allergy diagnostic tests are essential to identify causative agents, and to find suitable alternative drugs for the planning of repeat anesthesia.
Computational Analysis of Cortical Neuronal Excitotoxicity in a Large Animal Model of Neonatal Brain Injury
Authors: Kratimenos Panagiotis , Vij Abhya , Vidva Robinson , Koutroulis Ioannis , Delivoria-Papadopoulos Maria , Gallo Vittorio , Sathyanesan Aaron
Published: November 2021

Background: Neonatal hypoxic brain injury is a major cause of intellectual and developmental disability. Hypoxia causes neuronal dysfunction and death in the developing cerebral cortex due to excitotoxic Ca2+-influx. In the translational piglet model of hypoxic encephalopathy, we have previously shown that hypoxia overactivates Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM) signaling via Sarcoma (Src) kinase in cortical neurons, resulting in overexpression of proapoptotic genes. However, identifying the exact relationship between alterations in neuronal Ca2+-influx, molecular determinants of cell death, and the degree of hypoxia in a dynamic system represents a significant challenge. Methods: We used experimental and computational methods to identify molecular events critical to the onset of excitotoxicity-induced apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets. We used 2-3 day-old piglets (normoxic [Nx], hypoxic [Hx], and hypoxic + Src-inhibitor-treatment [Hx+PP2]groups) for biochemical analysis of ATP production, Ca2+-influx, and Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase 2(CaMKK2) expression. We then used SimBiology to build a computational model of the Ca2+/CaM-Src-kinase signaling cascade, simulating Nx, Hx, and Hx+PP2 conditions. To evaluate our model, we used Sobol variance decomposition, multiparametric global sensitivity analysis, and parameter scanning.Results: Our model captures important molecular trends caused by hypoxia in the piglet brain. Incorporating the action of Src kinase inhibitor PP2 further validated our model and enabled predictive analysis of the effect of hypoxia on CaMKK2. We determined the impact of a feedback loop related to Src phosphorylation of NMDA receptors and activation kinetics of CaMKII. We also identified distinct modes of signaling wherein Ca2+ level alterations following Src kinase inhibition may not be a linear predictor of changes in Bax expression. Importantly, our model indicates that while pharmacological pre-treatment significantly reduces the onset of abnormal Ca2+-influx, there exists a window of intervention after hypoxia during which targeted modulation of Src-NMDAR interaction kinetics in combination with PP2 administration can reduce Ca2+-influx and Bax expression to similar levels as pre-treatment. Conclusions: Our model identifies new dynamics of critical components in the Ca2+/CaM-Src signaling pathway leading to neuronal injury and provides an essential framework for drug efficacy studies in translational models of neonatal brain injury for the prevention of intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Diabetes is not associated with greater pain and worse patient-reported outcome measures one year after laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy
Authors: Nagata Kosei , Miyahara Junya , Nakamoto Hideki , Kawamura Naohiro , Takeshita Yujiro , Higashikawa Akiro , Ono Takashi , Fukushima Masayoshi , Okazaki Rentaro , Hara Nobuhiro , Kato So , Doi Toru , Taniguchi Yuki , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Tanaka Sakae , Oshima Yasushi
Published: November 2021

Although patients with diabetes reportedly have more peripheral neuropathy, the impacts of diabetes on postoperative recovery in pain and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is not well characterized. The authors aimed to elucidate the effects of diabetes on neck/arm/hand/leg/foot pain and PROMs after laminoplasty CSM. The authors retrospectively reviewed 339 patients (82 with diabetes and 257 without) who underwent laminoplasty between C3 and C7 in 11 hospitals during April 2017−October 2019. Preoperative Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores in all five areas, the Short Form-12 Mental Component Summary, Euro quality of life 5-dimension, Neck Disability Index, and the Core Outcome Measures Index-Neck) were comparable between the groups. The between-group differences were also not significant in NRS scores and PROMs one after surgery. The change score of NRS hand pain was larger in the diabetic group than the nondiabetic group. The diabetic group showed worse preoperative score but greater improvement in the Short Form-12 Physical Component Summary than the nondiabetic group, following comparable score one year after surgery. These data indicated that the preoperative presence of diabetes, at least, did not adversely affect pain or PROMs one year after laminoplasty for CSM.
Platelet-activating Factor Acetyl Hydrolase IB2 Dysregulated Cell Proliferation in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: he yingying , he zhicheng , Zhang Xiaoyu , LIU SHUBAI
Published: November 2021

BackgroundOvarian cancer is the world’s largest cause of death for gynaecologic diseases. Platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase IB2 (PAF-AH IB2) is an intracellular serine esterase that hydrolyzes platelet-activating factor, a G-protein-like trimer with two catalytic subunits and one regulatory subunit. The deregulatory role of PAF-AHIB2 in the etiology of ovarian cancer is poorly understood. MethodsIn this study, the TCGA exploration and cancer tissue immunohistochemistry were utilized to investigate aberrant overexpression of PAF-AH IB2 in ovarian cancer. PAF-AH IB2 Stable knocking down (KD) ovarian cancer cells were established to investigate the impact on the cell proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity in vitro. The whole transcription profiling, tyrosine kinase profiling and standard cell functional assays were integrated to explore the biological importance and mechanism of PAF-AH IB2 modulated in ovarian cancer. ResultsInteresting, PAF-AH IB2 was identified significantly overexpression in four subtypes of ovarian cancer. PAF-AHIB2 KD significantly reduced cancer cell proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity in vitro, activated Caspases and caused cell cycle arrest, and making the cells more sensitive to PAF. Several key regulators of multiple tyrosine kinases-mediated signaling pathway were down-regulated in PAF-AH 1B2 KD cells, revealing a novel interaction network between the growth factor receptors pathway and PAF-AH 1B2 mediated PAF signalling.Conclusions These results discovered an unrevealed role for PAFAH IB2 as a novel potential therapy target and essential signaling mediators in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, as well as new potential preventive and therapeutic strategies to inhibit this enzyme in clinical treatment for ovarian cancer.
Getting Ready for Beyond-5G, Super-IoT and 6G at Hardware Passive Components Level – A Multi-State RF-MEMS Monolithic Step Attenuator Analyzed up to 60 GHz
Authors: Iannacci Jacopo , Tagliapietra Girolamo
Published: November 2021

Looking at 2030, the landscape of technology will be dominated by paradigms like 6G, Super-IoT (Internet of Things) and Tactile Internet (TI). From the perspective of Hardware (HW) components technologies, the turning into reality of such scenarios will demand for a radical reconceptualization of devices, sub-systems and systems, probably modifying the concept of HW itself. Driven by the target of taking initial steps in the direction of such future applications, this work discusses a 4 bit RF power step attenuator entirely realized in RF-MEMS technology. Physical samples are fabricated in a surface micromachining technology and rely on electrostatically actuated cantilevered MEMS ohmic switches to select or short resistive loads placed along the RF line. Fabricated devices are tested and validated up to 30 GHz, while simulations are discussed up to 60 GHz for the full set of allowed configurations. Despite a few technology non-idealities, the network shows levels of attenuation with a flatness as good as 1 dB over 60 GHz frequency span. The measured and simulated data reported in this work offer important indications on how to improve the network concept, both at technology and design level.
Model Simulations Unveil The Structure-Function-Dynamics Relationship of The Cerebellar Cortical Microcircuit
Authors: De Schepper Robin , Geminiani Alice , Masoli Stefano , Rizza Martina Francesca , Antonietti Alberto , Casellato Claudia , D'Angelo Egidio
Published: November 2021

The cerebellar network is renowned for its regular architecture that has inspired foundational computational theories. However, the relationship between circuit structure, function and dynamics remained elusive. To tackle the issue, we have developed an advanced computational modeling framework that allowed us to reconstruct and simulate the structure and function of the mouse cerebellar cortex using morphologically realistic multi-compartmental neuron models. The cerebellar connectome was generated through appropriate connection rules, unifying a collection of scattered experimental data into a coherent construct and providing a new model-based ground-truth about circuit organization. Naturalistic background and sensory-burst stimulation were then used for functional validation against recordings in vivo, monitoring the impact of cellular mechanisms on signal propagation and spatio-temporal processing. Our simulations show, for the first time, how mossy fibers entrain the local neuronal microcircuit boosting the formation of columns of activity travelling from the granular to the molecular layer providing a new resource for the investigation of cerebellar computation.
A GC-MS-based Metabolomic Strategy to Investigate the Protective Effects of Mulberry Polysaccharide on CCl4-induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice
Authors: Ma Xiaofen , Yang Jian , Baker Subinur , Li Zhen , Li Xin , Li Fei , ma xiaoli
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMulberry (Morus alba) fruits of the woody mulberry tree (family: Moraceae Morus) is a type of mulberry fruit grown in the southern Xinjiang region,which polysaccharides have antioxidant and liver protective effects.This article further preliminary study on the protective effects of mulberry polysaccharide (MP) on liver.MethodsA detection kit was used to assess serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other indicators. Liver tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and observed under a microscope. The entire endogenous metabolite proﬁling was acquired via metabolomics strategy using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to assess the underlying protective mechanisms of MPs. ResultsResults indicated that MPs exerted a hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injury by decreasing serum ALT and AST levels, hepatic MDA, and restored hepatic SOD glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. A total of 33 possible endogenous metabolites associated with lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism including amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids, were found.Conclusions﻿The results of the present study provide a reference for elucidating the protective mechanisms of MPs against acute liver injury.
Endogenous Calcium Mediated The Seedling Growth And Fluoride Stress Tolerance In Four Bean Genotypes
Authors: Chahine Sara , Melito Sara , Giannini Vittoria , Roggero Pier Paolo , Seddaiu Giovanna
Published: November 2021

Fluoride (F) pollution is a global environmental problem representing a severe risk for food and vegetables grown in contaminated soils. Phaseolus vulgaris L. is widely cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions and in F contaminated areas of the world. F tolerance during germination and seedling growth was evaluated for four bean ecotypes: Borlotto nano and three African genotypes (Lyamungu 85, Lyamungu 90 and Jesca).Seeds were grown in sand enriched with NaF or KF at three different levels (0, 80 and 200 mg kg-1). NaCl was used as a benchmark to determine a potential effect of different Na levels in plant. Total F content and minerals accumulation (Na, K and Ca) in roots and shoots were measured. The translocation factor, growth ratio, F tolerance index were evaluated to estimate plant-salt response. Germination rate decreased with increased F level. Borlotto was more F sensitive (0% germination with 200 mg kg-1of KF and NaF) than African genotypes. Under the highest F concentration (200 mg kg-1), F preferentially accumulated in shoots (Jesca 75.7 mg kg-1, Lyamungu 85 100.1 mg kg-1 and Lyamungu 90 115.4 mg kg-1). Ca content in roots was negatively correlated to F absorption, suggesting its antagonistic role to F mobility.Based on these parameters, Jesca and Lyamungu 85 were the most tolerant species recording a low F uptake and a high Ca content in the root. This study highlighted the central role of Ca, as a key secondary messenger in regulating the plant growth and development under F stress.
Upregulated CCNE1 Correlates with Poor Prognosis, Tumor Immune Infiltration and Escape in Breast Cancer
Authors: Feng Jiaxi , Hu Yanan , Liu Dan , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Mengci , Wang Yan , Qiu Shipei , Li Xiang , Li Xinping
Published: November 2021

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in women and widely known for its poor prognosis. More and more research has discovered that cyclin E1 (CCNE1) plays an important role in progression of various types of cancer. But its specific mechanism in BC progression still needs further research to explore.MethodsAt first, we determined the expression and prognostic value of CCNE1 through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data. Then, we predicted the upstream non-coding RNAs of CCNE1 through StarBase, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. We further studied the correlation of CCNE1 expression with BC immune cell infiltration, biomarkers of immune cells and immune checkpoints expression through TIMER and GEPIA databases.ResultsThe results suggested that CCNE1 was significantly upregulated in BC and its high expression was correlated with poor prognosis in BC patients. Next, we identified long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00511 / microRNA-195-5p (miR-195-5p) / CCNE1 axis as the most potential pathway that could regulate CCNE1 expression in BC through StarBase, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Furthermore, our in-depth research discovered that CCNE1 expression level was significantly correlated with tumor immune cell inﬁltration, biomarkers of immune cells, and immune checkpoint expression in BC.ConclusionIn summary, high expression level of CCNE1 was significantly correlated with poor prognosis, tumor immune infiltration and escape in BC.
Earthworm Community In Relation To Soil Properties And Metals In Hebei Province, North China
Authors: Yin Yue , Wang Kun , Chen Miaomiao , Mu Xiaoquan , Li Bo , Yang Yang , Wang Dianwu
Published: November 2021

In this study, we examined the influence of soil properties (pH, total potassium (TK), available potassium (AK), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available potassium (AP), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and soil organic carbon (SOC)), and metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn) on the density, diversity, and species composition of earthworms in the Hebei Province, North China. In total, 535 earthworms were collected from 20 sites in the study area, and belonged to three families, six genera, and ten species. Amynthas hupeiensis (39.4%) and Drawida gisti (37.8%) were the dominant species. The correlations between soil variables and earthworm composition determined using redundancy analysis indicated that SOC, TK, and AK enhanced earthworm density (total, adult, and juvenile) and species (A. hupeiensis and D. gisti) abundances. Earthworm composition remained unaffected by the metals (Cd and Pb) in the uncontaminated sites; in contrast, species were absent in areas with high metal concentrations (S19 and S20). Soil TN content was negatively and positively related to Shannon and Peilou indexes (p<0.05), respectively, indicating that TN may be pivotal in influencing earthworm diversity and species evenness. Overall, the soil properties such as K, SOC, and TN were the key variables affecting earthworm density, diversity, and species dominance.
Preparation of a Novel Clay Loaded With Fe (VI) for Degradation of Cefazolin: Performance, Pathway and Mechanism
Authors: Zhou Mingluo , Zhou Riyu , Jiang Peng , Liang Huili , Zhou Yi , Chen Haiyan , Wang Bin , Chen Shu , Tu Weiguo , Yang Yuankun
Published: November 2021

Cephalosporin antibiotics, a group of widely prescribed antibiotics, are frequently detected in wastewater effluent and in the natural aquatic environment. Materials have been sought to effectively degrade the antibiotics. In this study, a novel high-iron clay was prepared with potassium ferrate and montmorillonite via a strong alkaline in-situ synthesis method. Degradation of cefazolin sodium (CFZ) by this novel Fe (VI)-clay was investigated. The optimal conditions for the degradation of CFZ were determined using a single factor experiment and response surface optimization method. We found that 89.84 % removal efficiency was obtained in 137 min when pH value was 5.16 and Fe (VI)-clay dosage was 0.79 g/100mL. The CFZ degradation mechanism was studied by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) in combination with spectroscopic and mass spectroscopic analysis. The spectroscopic characteristics of the products at different stages showed that the oxidation decomposition reaction occurred during the degradation of CFZ by Fe(VI) -clay. Further, DFT calculation combined with GC-MS results showed that the degradation pathways of CFZ by the Fe (VI)-clay was mainly the cleavage of β-lactam, thiadiazole, tetrazole and dihydrothiazine rings.