bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Situ Synthesis of β-Na1.5Y1.5F6: Er3+ Crystals in Oxyfluoride Silicate Glass for Temperature Sensors and Their Spectral Conversion and Optical Thermometry Analysis
Authors: Dagupati Rajesh , Klement Robert , Rajavaram Ramaraghavulu , Velázquez José J. , Galusek Dušan
Published: November 2021

Transparent oxyfluoride glass-ceramics (GCs) with embedded β-Na1.5Y1.5F6 crystals doped with Er3+ ions were fabricated by a melt-quenching method with subsequent heat-treatment. The structural characterizations and spectroscopic techniques were performed to verify the precipitation of β-Na1.5Y1.5F6 crystals and partition of the Er3+ dopant into the crystals. Bright green up-conversion (UC) emission was achieved in Er3+-doped glass-ceramic (Er-GC). Furthermore, the temperature-dependent visible UC behavior based on thermally coupled energy levels (TCLs) and non-thermally coupled energy levels (NTCLs) was also examined in the temperature range 298 k to 823 K with maximum relative sensitivity (Sr) of 1.1% K−1 at 298 K for TCLs in Er-G and Er-GC samples.
Valorization of Cladophora glomerata Biomass and Obtained Bioproducts into Biostimulants of Plant Growth and as Sorbents (Biosorbents) of Metal Ions
Authors: Dziergowska Katarzyna , Wełna Maja , Szymczycha-Madeja Anna , Chęcmanowski Jacek , Michalak Izabela
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to propose a complete approach for macroalgae biomass valorization into products useful for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection. In the first stage, the effects of macroalgal extracts and ZnO NPs (zinc oxide nanoparticles) on the germination and growth of radish were examined. Macroalgal extract was produced from freshwater macroalga, i.e., Cladophora glomerata by ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE). The extract was used to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles. In germination tests, extracts and solutions of ZnO NPs were applied on paper substrate before sowing. In the second stage, sorption properties of macroalga, post-extraction residue, and ZnO NPs to absorb Cr(III) ions were examined. In the germination tests, the highest values of hypocotyl length (the edible part of radish), i.e., 3.3 and 2.6 cm were obtained for 60 and 80% extract (among the tested concentrations 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) and 10 and 50 mg/L NPs, respectively. The highest sorption capacity of Cr(III) ions (344.8 mg/g) was obtained by both macroalga and post-extraction residue at a pH of 5 and initial Cr(III) ions concentration of 200 mg/L. This study proves that macroalgae and products based on them can be applied in both sustainable agriculture and wastewater treatment.
Thermodynamic Assessment of a Solar-Driven Integrated Membrane Reactor for Ethanol Steam Reforming
Authors: Wang Hongsheng , Wang Bingzheng , Lundin Sean-Thomas B. , Kong Hui , Su Bosheng , Wang Jian
Published: November 2021

To efficiently convert and utilize intermittent solar energy, a novel solar-driven ethanol steam reforming (ESR) system integrated with a membrane reactor is proposed. It has the potential to convert low-grade solar thermal energy into high energy level chemical energy. Driven by chemical potential, hydrogen permeation membranes (HPM) can separate the generated hydrogen and shift the ESR equilibrium forward to increase conversion and thermodynamic efficiency. The thermodynamic and environmental performances are analyzed via numerical simulation under a reaction temperature range of 100–400 °C with permeate pressures of 0.01–0.75 bar. The highest theoretical conversion rate is 98.3% at 100 °C and 0.01 bar, while the highest first-law efficiency, solar-to-fuel efficiency, and exergy efficiency are 82.3%, 45.3%, and 70.4% at 215 °C and 0.20 bar. The standard coal saving rate (SCSR) and carbon dioxide reduction rate (CDRR) are maximums of 101 g·m−2·h−1 and 247 g·m−2·h−1 at 200 °C and 0.20 bar with a hydrogen generation rate of 22.4 mol·m−2·h−1. This study illustrates the feasibility of solar-driven ESR integrated with a membrane reactor and distinguishes a novel approach for distributed hydrogen generation and solar energy utilization and upgradation.
Electronegativity under Confinement
Authors: Robles-Navarro Andrés , Cárdenas Carlos , Fuentealba Patricio
Published: November 2021

The electronegativity concept was first formulated by Pauling in the first half of the 20th century to explain quantitatively the properties of chemical bonds between different types of atoms. Today, it is widely known that, in high-pressure regimes, the reactivity properties of atoms can change, and, thus, the bond patterns in molecules and solids are affected. In this work, we studied the effects of high pressure modeled by a confining potential on different definitions of electronegativity and, additionally, tested the accuracy of first-order perturbation theory in the context of density functional theory for confined atoms of the second row at the Hartree–Fock level. As expected, the electronegativity of atoms at high confinement is very different than that of their free counterparts since it depends on the electronic configuration of the atom, and, thus, its periodicity is modified at higher pressures.
miR-370-3p Regulates Adipogenesis through Targeting Mknk1
Authors: Zhang Peiwen , Li Xinrong , Zhang Shunhua , Wu Shuang , Xiao Qian , Gu Yang , Guo Xinyu , Lin Xutao , Chen Lei , Zhao Ye , Niu Lili , Tang Guoqing , Jiang Yanzhi , Shen Linyuan , Zhu Li
Published: November 2021

Excessive fat accumulation can lead to obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and other diseases. MicroRNAs are a class of microRNAs that regulate gene expression and are highly conserved in function among species. microRNAs have been shown to act as regulatory factors to inhibit fat accumulation in the body. We found that miR-370-3p was expressed at lower levels in the fat mass of mice on a high-fat diet than in mice on a normal control diet. Furthermore, our data showed that the overexpression of miR-370-3p significantly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of adipogenic markers. Thus, miR-370-3p overexpression reduced lipid accumulation. Conversely, the inhibition of miR-370-3p suppressed 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation and promoted preadipocyte differentiation. In addition, Mknk1, a target gene of miR-370-3p, plays an opposing role in preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, consistent results from in vitro as well as in vivo experiments suggest that the inhibition of fat accumulation by miR-370-3p may result from the inhibition of saturated fatty acids that promote the accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, these results suggest that miR-370-3p plays an important role in adipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism through the regulation of Mknk1.
Towards a Synthetic Biology Toolset for Metallocluster Enzymes in Biosynthetic Pathways: What We Know and What We Need
Authors: Shomar Helena , Bokinsky Gregory
Published: November 2021

Microbes are routinely engineered to synthesize high-value chemicals from renewable materials through synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. Microbial biosynthesis often relies on expression of heterologous biosynthetic pathways, i.e., enzymes transplanted from foreign organisms. Metallocluster enzymes are one of the most ubiquitous family of enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis and are of great biotechnological importance. However, the functional expression of recombinant metallocluster enzymes in live cells is often challenging and represents a major bottleneck. The activity of metallocluster enzymes requires essential supporting pathways, involved in protein maturation, electron supply, and/or enzyme stability. Proper function of these supporting pathways involves specific protein–protein interactions that remain poorly characterized and are often overlooked by traditional synthetic biology approaches. Consequently, engineering approaches that focus on enzymatic expression and carbon flux alone often overlook the particular needs of metallocluster enzymes. This review highlights the biotechnological relevance of metallocluster enzymes and discusses novel synthetic biology strategies to advance their industrial application, with a particular focus on iron-sulfur cluster enzymes. Strategies to enable functional heterologous expression and enhance recombinant metallocluster enzyme activity in industrial hosts include: (1) optimizing specific maturation pathways; (2) improving catalytic stability; and (3) enhancing electron transfer. In addition, we suggest future directions for developing microbial cell factories that rely on metallocluster enzyme catalysis.
Recording from an Identified Neuron Efficiently Reveals Hazard for Brain Function in Risk Assessment
Authors: Machnik Peter , Schuster Stefan
Published: November 2021

Modern societies use a continuously growing number of chemicals. Because these are released into the environment and are taken up by humans, rigorous (but practicable) risk assessment must precede the approval of new substances for commerce. A number of tests is applicable, but it has been very difficult to efficiently assay the effect of chemicals on communication and information processing in vivo in the adult vertebrate brain. Here, we suggest a straightforward way to rapidly and accurately detect effects of chemical exposure on action potential generation, synaptic transmission, central information processing, and even processing in sensory systems in vivo by recording from a single neuron. The approach is possible in an identified neuron in the hindbrain of fish that integrates various sources of information and whose properties are ideal for rapid analysis of the various effects chemicals can have on the nervous system. The analysis uses fish but, as we discuss here, key neuronal functions are conserved and differences can only be due to differences in metabolism or passage into the brain, factors that can easily be determined. Speed and efficiency of the method, therefore, make it suitable to provide information in risk assessment, as we illustrate here with the effects of bisphenols on adult brain function.
Insecticidal, Repellent and Antifeedant Activity of Essential Oils from Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii (Hook. & Arn.) Nied. Leaves and Pilgerodendron uviferum (D. Don) Florin Heartwood against Horn Flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: Espinoza Javier , Medina Cristian , Aniñir Washington , Escobar-Bahamondes Paul , Ungerfeld Emilio , Urzúa Alejandro , Quiroz Andrés
Published: November 2021

Haematobia irritans is a cosmopolitan obligate blood-feeding ectoparasite of cattle and is the major global pest of livestock production. Currently, H. irritans management is largely dependent on broad-spectrum pesticides, which has led to the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, alternative control methods are needed. Essential oils have been studied as an alternative due to their wide spectrum of biological activities against insects. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal, repellent and antifeedant activity of the essential oils from Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii leaves and Pilgerodendron uviferum heartwood against horn flies in laboratory conditions. The composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Accordingly, α-pinene (36.50%) and limonene (20.50%) were the principal components of the B. cruckchanksii essential oil, and δ-cadinol (24.16%), cubenol (22.64%), 15-copaenol (15.46%) and δ-cadinene (10.81%) were the most abundant compounds in the P. uviferum essential oil. Mortality of flies and feeding behavior were evaluated by non-choice tests, and olfactory response was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. Both essential oils were toxic to horn flies, with LC50 values for B. cruckchanksii essential oil of 3.58 µL L−1 air at 4 h, and for P. uviferum essential oil of 9.41 µL L−1 air and 1.02 µL L−1 air at 1 and 4 h, respectively. Moreover, the essential oils exhibited spatial repellency in the olfactometer using only 10 µg of each oil, and these significantly reduced the horn fly feeding at all doses evaluated. Although further laboratory and field studies related to the insectistatic and insecticide properties of these essential oils against H. irritans are necessary, B. cruckshanksii leaves and P. uviferum heartwood essential oils are promising candidates for horn fly management.
Patterns of Egg Consumption Can Help Contribute to Nutrient Recommendations and Are Associated with Diet Quality and Shortfall Nutrient Intakes
Authors: Papanikolaou Yanni , Fulgoni Victor L.
Published: November 2021

Limited data are available on how eggs are consumed in the typical American eating pattern and the contribution to usual intakes, diet quality and in meeting recommendations. The objectives of the present analysis included identifying how eggs are consumed within U.S. dietary patterns and how these patterns are associated with the usual intakes of shortfall nutrients and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2015) using data from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001–2016. An additional objective included assessing the differences between egg consumers and egg non-consumers in nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy. Several egg-containing dietary patterns were identified, and two egg patterns were associated with a greater diet quality compared to a no egg pattern (p < 0.0001). Most egg patterns identified were similar in diet quality scores when compared to the no egg pattern; however, the two egg patterns had lower diet quality scores. Egg consumption combined with a greater intake of total protein foods, seafood and plant protein, total vegetables, total fruit, whole fruit, whole grains and dairy foods, and a lower intake of refined grains and added sugars contributed to an improved diet quality, supporting that no one food is responsible for a healthy dietary pattern. Egg consumers demonstrated significantly higher intakes of dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, total choline, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E when compared to egg non-consumers. A comparison of egg consumers and egg non-consumers found egg consumers had significantly less percentages of the population below the EAR for calcium, iron, magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E. Similarly, the percentage of the population above the recommendations for potassium and choline were greater for egg consumers vs. egg non-consumers. In egg consumers, 24.4% of the population was above the AI for dietary choline when compared to 4.3% of egg non-consumers (p < 0.0001). Findings from the present analysis demonstrate that eggs and egg-containing foods can be an important part of a healthy dietary pattern when balanced accordingly with other nutrient-dense foods.
3D GelMA ICC Scaffolds Combined with SW033291 for Bone Regeneration by Modulating Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Jiang Qian , Bai Guo , Liu Xin , Chen Yuxiao , Xu Guangzhou , Yang Chi , Zhang Zhiyuan
Published: November 2021

Despite the interaction between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and macrophages has been found to play a critical role in repairing bone defects, it remains a challenge to develop a desirable tissue engineering scaffold for synchronous regulation of osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization. Herein, this study proposed a novel strategy to treat bone defects based on three-dimensional Gelatin Methacryloyl Inverted Colloidal Crystal (3D GelMA ICC) scaffold and an active 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) inhibitor SW033291. Specifically, the 3D GelMA ICC scaffolds were firstly prepared by colloidal templating method, which displayed good cell attachment and promoted intercellular interaction among macrophage and BMSCs due to its uniform pore interconnectivity. By combined use of SW033291, the release of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from BMSCs on the GelMA ICC scaffold was significantly upregulated and macrophages M2 polarization was markedly increased. In turn, BMSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation was further enhanced by paracrine regulation of M2 macrophage, and thus finally caused more in vivo new bone formation by shaping up a pro-regenerative local immune microenvironment surrounding GelMA ICC scaffold. Our findings demonstrate the potential of 3D GelMA ICC scaffolds combined with SW033291 to become an effective tissue engineering strategy for bone regeneration.
Hybrid Ring- and Tree-Topology RoF Transmission System with Disconnection Protection
Authors: Li Chung-Yi , Chang Ching-Hung , Lin Zih-Guei
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a hybrid ring- and tree-topology radio over fiber (RoF) transmission system with self-disconnection protection that can support the high distribution density of base stations (BSs) in a metropolitan area and strengthen the network quality of service through self-disconnection protection. The number of supportable BS in the system can be increased significantly by integrating the time- and wavelength-division multiplexing techniques and properly utilizing a new-generation single-line bidirectional add/drop multiplexer (SBOADM) into the proposed system. Moreover, when the ring–fiber link of the system is interrupted for any reason, the system operator can recover the broken connections quickly only by transforming an optical switch state at the CO end to allow the downlink optical signals to transmit along the clockwise and counterclockwise directions of the ring–fiber link simultaneously. In this case, the downstream optical signals can be delivered to each set of BS-groups through the two-way transmission characteristics of the SBOADM automatically, and the uplink optical signals, originally, from each set of BS-groups can be transmitted back to the CO end along the opposite direction of the downlink signal-routing path. In this way, the interference caused by fiber breakage can be avoided immediately, and the entire transport system can be reconnected to ensure the quality of network services. Our experimental results prove that the overall transmission performances are similar to those under normal circumstances.
Applications of THz Spectral Imaging in the Detection of Agricultural Products
Authors: Ge Hongyi , Lv Ming , Lu Xuejing , Jiang Yuying , Wu Guofang , Li Guangming , Li Li , Li Zhi , Zhang Yuan
Published: November 2021

Agricultural products need to be inspected for quality and safety, and the issue of safety of agricultural products caused by quality is frequently investigated. Safety testing should be carried out before agricultural products are consumed. The existing technologies for inspecting agricultural products are time-consuming and require complex operation, and there is motivation to develop a rapid, safe, and non-destructive inspection technology. In recent years, with the continuous progress of THz technology, THz spectral imaging, with the advantages of its unique characteristics, such as low energies, superior spatial resolution, and high sensitivity to water, has been recognized as an efficient and feasible identification tool, which has been widely used for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of agricultural production. In this paper, the current main performance achievements of the use of THz images are presented. In addition, recent advances in the application of THz spectral imaging technology for inspection of agricultural products are reviewed, including internal component detection, seed classification, pesticide residues detection, and foreign body and packaging inspection. Furthermore, machine learning methods applied in THz spectral imaging are discussed. Finally, the existing problems of THz spectral imaging technology are analyzed, and future research directions for THz spectral imaging technology are proposed. Recent rapid development of THz spectral imaging has demonstrated the advantages of THz radiation and its potential application in agricultural products. The rapid development of THz spectroscopic imaging combined with deep learning can be expected to have great potential for widespread application in the fields of agriculture and food engineering.
Adsorption of Cr(OH)n(3−n)+ (n = 1–3) on Illite (001) and (010) Surfaces: A DFT Study
Authors: Du Jia , Fan Leilei , Wang Qinghe , Min Fanfei
Published: November 2021

The development of clay adsorption materials with high Cr(III) removal capacities requires an understanding of the adsorption mechanism at the atomic level. Herein, the mechanisms for the adsorption of Cr(OH)2+, Cr(OH)2+, and Cr(OH)3 on the (001) and (010) surfaces of illite were studied by analyzing the adsorption energies, adsorption configurations, charges, and state densities using density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energies on the illite (010) and (001) surfaces decrease in the order: Cr(OH)2+ > Cr(OH)2+ > Cr(OH)3. In addition, the energies associated with adsorption on the (010) surface are greater than those on the (001) surface. Further, the hydrolysates are highly active and can provide adsorption sites for desorption agents. The silica (Si–O) ring on the illite (001) surface can capture Cr(OH)n(3−n)+ (n = 1–3). In addition, both Cr(OH)2+ and Cr(OH)2+ form one covalent bond between Cr and surface OS1 (Cr–OS1), whereas the hydroxyl groups of Cr(OH)3 form three hydrogen bonds with surface oxygens. However, increasing the number of hydroxyl groups in Cr(OH)n(3−n)+ weakens both the covalent and electrostatic interactions between the adsorbate and the (001) surface. In contrast, the Cr in all hydrolysates can form two covalent Cr–OSn (n = 1–2) bonds to the oxygens on the illite (010) surface, in which Cr s and O p orbitals contribute to the bonding process. However, covalent interactions between the cation and the (010) surface are weakened as the number of hydroxyl groups in Cr(OH)n(3−n)+ increases. These results suggest that the illite interlayer can be stripped to expose Si–O rings, thereby increasing the number of adsorption sites. Furthermore, regulating the generated Cr(III) hydrolysate can increase or weaken adsorption on the illite surface. Based on these findings, conditions can be determined for improving the adsorption capacities and optimizing the regeneration performance of clay mineral materials.
Biological Indicators for Fecal Pollution Detection and Source Tracking: A Review
Authors: Li Enze , Saleem Faizan , Edge Thomas A. , Schellhorn Herb E.
Published: November 2021

Fecal pollution, commonly detected in untreated or less treated sewage, is associated with health risks (e.g., waterborne diseases and antibiotic resistance dissemination), ecological issues (e.g., release of harmful gases in fecal sludge composting, proliferative bacterial/algal growth due to high nutrient loads) and economy losses (e.g., reduced aqua farm harvesting). Therefore, the discharge of untreated domestic sewage to the environment and its agricultural reuse are growing concerns. The goals of fecal pollution detection include fecal waste source tracking and identifying the presence of pathogens, therefore assessing potential health risks. This review summarizes available biological fecal indicators focusing on host specificity, degree of association with fecal pollution, environmental persistence, and quantification methods in fecal pollution assessment. The development of practical tools is a crucial requirement for the implementation of mitigation strategies that may help confine the types of host-specific pathogens and determine the source control point, such as sourcing fecal wastes from point sources and nonpoint sources. Emerging multidisciplinary bacterial enumeration platforms are also discussed, including individual working mechanisms, applications, advantages, and limitations.
Digital Banking in Northern India: The Risks on Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Kaur Baljinder , Kiran Sood , Grima Simon , Rupeika-Apoga Ramona
Published: November 2021

The widespread use of digital technologies and the current pandemic (COVID) have fueled the need and call for digital transformation in the banking sector. Although this has various benefits, it is a disruption to the norm to which a bank customer has to become accustomed. This variance means that customers would have to make some changes to their routine. This can constitute risks in terms of maintaining customer satisfaction at previous levels. These risks are associated with customer retention because a service or product needs to be aligned with customer expectations to avoid them switching to other service providers. Moreover, it can also have an effect on reputation. Offering digital account opening or remote deposits may not satisfy customers; competitive advantage depends on many aspects such as providing a hassle-free, personalized and cyber-secure experience, economic aspects and the needs of the society at large. Therefore, there is a need to understand the intensity of the risk factors that influence customer satisfaction for digitalized banking services and products. To do this, we carried out a structured survey, framed on the five dimensions of the SERVQUAL model, which was sent out to Northern Indian banking customers, to which we received 222 valid responses. We subjected the data received to Structural Equation Modelling using the SmartPLS version 3 application software. Results reveal that digital banking customers in Northern India are genuinely satisfied with the quality of services provided by digital banking. Moreover, ‘reliability’ has the strongest risk factor impact on customer satisfaction, followed by ‘tangibility’ and ‘responsiveness’.
Extended lymphadenectomy in locally advanced rectal cancers: a systematic review
Authors: Mahendran Balaji , Balasubramanya Supriya , Sebastiani Simone , Smolarek Sebastian
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The surgical treatment of advanced low rectal cancer remains controversial. Extended lymphadenectomy (EL) is the preferred option in the East, especially in Japan, while neoadjuvant radiotherapy is the treatment of choice in the West. This review was undertaken to review available evidence supporting each of the therapies.Methods: All studies looking at EL were included in this review. A comprehensive search was conducted as per PRISMA guidelines. Primary outcome was defined as 5-year overall survival, with secondary outcomes including 3-year overall survival, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival, length of operation, and number of complications.Results: Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. There was no significant publication bias. There was statistically significant difference in 5-year survival for patient who underwent EL (odds ratio, 1.34; 95 confidence interval, 0.09–0.5; P=0.006). There were no differences noted in secondary outcomes except for length of the operations.Conclusion: There is evidence supporting EL in rectal cancer; however, it is difficult to interpret and not easily transferable to a Western population. Further research is necessary on this important topic.
Carpas e insectos en Labrador/Nitassinan
Authors: Tytelman Carolina
Published: November 2021

Los procesos de co-manejo condensan algunas de las características de las relaciones actuales entre los pueblos indígenas y el Estado en Canadá. En este artículo se analiza el funcionamiento de una institución de comanejo forestal entre la Nación Innu y el gobierno provincial de Terranova y Labrador a partir de dos ejemplos: la pérdida de una carpa comunitaria y la gestión de una infestación forestal. Estos ejemplos muestran diferentes ideas de responsabilidad entre los participantes del proceso de co-manejo, ilustrando sus limitaciones.
La enfermería como proyecto.
Authors: Gonzalez Federico , Malleville Sofía
Published: November 2021

En este artículo nos preguntamos cómo la carrera de Enfermería se configura como proyecto para mujeres de clases populares que finalizaron sus estudios en el marco del Plan FinEs2. En términos metodológicos, retomamos un corpus empírico construido en una investigación desarrollada en dos barrios populares de la ciudad de La Plata durante los años 2013-2020. Desde un enfoque etnográfico analizamos registros de observaciones participantes en distintos espacios barriales y entrevistas en profundidad a estudiantes mujeres. Planteamos la necesidad de problematizar la linealidad de los vínculos entre educación y trabajo, incorporando en el análisis las articulaciones de distintas dimensiones que intervienen en los procesos de configuración de proyectos. Finalmente, argumentamos que en las egresadas del FinEs2 las representaciones sobre el futuro se vinculaban a un proceso de construcción de un “sí cuidador” en el que la enfermería aparece como una oportunidad de ampliación del horizonte de lo posible.
Producción científica y redes de colaboración en la Seguridad Social del Perú (EsSalud): Análisis bibliométrico 2008-2020
Authors: Alarcón-Ruiz Christoper A: , Cortez-Soto Andrea G. , Romero-Cerdan Anthony , Benites-Bullón Alejandro , Altamirano-Farfá Euler Faraday , Pino-Zavaleta Dennis Anthony , Pino-Zavaleta Francis Robert , Paredes-Huanca Karla Alessandra , Soto-Becerra Percy , Apolaya-Segura Moises , Maguiña Jorge L.
Published: November 2021

Introducción: La producción científica de EsSalud ha aumentado progresivamente. Sin embargo, no se ha descrito su producción científica e identificado sus redes de colaboración en las principales bases de datos bibliográficas a nivel internacional. Objetivos: Describir la producción científica de EsSalud en revistas científicas indizadas durante el periodo 2008-2020. Material y Métodos: Estudio bibliométrico que evaluó artículos científicos y resúmenes de congresos, con al menos una filiación institucional relacionada a EsSalud entre sus autores, que se encuentren indizadas en las bases de datos bibliográficas de Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid-Medline o Scielo Citation Index durante el periodo 2008-2020. Se reporta la producción científica anual total y por separado, según base. Se identificaron las redes de colaboración intra y extrainstitucionales. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 4159 registros y, tras aplicar los criterios de selección, quedaron 2333 artículos. Se observó un incremento de publicaciones en todas las bases de datos, excepto en Scielo Citation Index. La mayoría de los artículos fueron originales, observacionales y autofinanciados. Dos hospitales nacionales de EsSalud aportaron casi dos tercios de toda la producción científica evaluada. Se identifico poca colaboración entre instituciones de EsSalud de Lima con las de otras regiones y entre regiones, pero sí con las universidades locales. El área médica que más fue abordada por las publicaciones científicas fue la relacionada con las especialidades de medicina clínica. Conclusiones: La producción científica de EsSalud ha aumentado y ha mejorado en calidad, con una importante colaboración con universidades locales. Es importante impulsar iniciativas que promuevan la investigación y colaboración dentro de EsSalud, en el marco de las prioridades de investigación y de las principales causas de mayor carga de enfermedad en la institución y el país.
Terapias target más quimioterapia comparado con quimioterapia en cáncer de mama triple negativo EC IV o recurrente. Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Authors: Aliaga-Caján Jorge , Caballero-Alvarado José , Sandoval-Ato Raúl , Barboza-Meca Joshuan , Serna-Alarcón Víctor
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis para comparar terapias target más quimioterapia con quimioterapia en el tratamiento de pacientes con cáncer de mama triple negativo EC IV o recurrente. Material y Métodos: Una búsqueda sistemática de estudios clínicos aleatorizados para el tratamiento de cáncer de mama triple negativo en EC IV o recurrente. Los desenlaces de interés fueron Sobrevida Global (SG) y sobrevida libre de progresión (SLP). Se registró datos de cada estudio clínico para los desenlaces y se estimó RR. Resultados: 10 estudios fueron incluidos y los participantes oscilaron entre 53 a 902 por estudio. La sobrevida global observamos que la terapia target más quimioterapia en las pacientes con cáncer de mama triple negativo EC IV o recurrente estuvo asociado a una disminución del 15% del riesgo de mortalidad con un RR (IC 95%): 0,85 (0,70 a 1,03). En relación al nivel de riesgo libre de progresión observamos que en la intervención se presentó una disminución del 16% en el riesgo de progresión con un RR (IC 95%): 0,84 (0,74 a 0,95). La sobrevida libre de progresión en las pacientes con la intervención oscilo entre 2,8 a 9,7 meses, mientras que en la terapia convencional osciló entre 1,5 a 6,2 meses. Conclusión: Las pacientes con cáncer de mama EC IV o recurrente triple negativo que recibieron terapia target más quimioterapia presentaron tendencia a la disminución en el riesgo de progresión de enfermedad (SLP) y mortalidad (OS), sin embargo, ­­­­se requieren más estudios clínicos para validar su significancia.
Centros de salud mental comunitaria: ¿Son la solución para los problemas de salud mental en el primer nivel de atención?
Authors: Calla-Torres Milagros , Hurtado-Ruiz María , Galvez-Olortegui José , Li-Amenero César
Published: November 2021

Carta al Editor (sin resumen)
Evaluación de la confiabilidad de la información sanitaria en español sobre la Covid-19 en Google
Authors: Mujica-Rodríguez Iván E. , Toribio-Salazar Luz M. , Curioso Walter H.
Published: November 2021

Introducción: La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha generado un incremento de la información sobre esta enfermedad, por lo que es fundamental garantizar la credibilidad y confiabilidad de las páginas web que brindan esta información. Objetivo: Evaluar la confiabilidad de la información sanitaria en español sobre la COVID-19 en el motor de búsqueda Google considerando los criterios de la herramienta HONcode. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal. Las páginas web de Google se analizaron en diciembre del 2020 desde Lima-Perú, utilizando 4 términos de búsqueda. Se evaluó la confiabilidad de la información sanitaria de las páginas web mediante la herramienta HONcode (versión 3.1.3). Se clasificaron según la fuente de información y su procedencia. El análisis estadístico se realizó para un nivel de significancia de p<0,05. Resultados: Se evaluaron 200 páginas web en español, el 16,5% poseían certificado HONcode, la mayoría fue de la OMS (33,3%), la principal fuente de información fue “académica-profesional” (30,0%). Además, el 33,0% de las páginas web eran peruanas, siendo mayormente de tipo gubernamental (42,4%), pero ninguna tenía certificado HONcode. Conclusiones: Solo una de cada seis páginas web proporcionaba información sanitaria confiable sobre la COVID-19. Además, se distingue la presencia de las páginas web de la OMS en proveer información sanitaria sobre la COVID-19 en Google. Si bien este estudio destaca las páginas web de organismos internacionales, se requiere fortalecer la comunicación desde las páginas web gubernamentales peruanas.
Ivermectina y Warfarina: Un Potencial Peligro para la Salud Pública Peruana
Authors: Acuña-Chávez Luis M. , Farfán-Castillo Angie , Martin-Castro Ana C. , Fasanando-Vela Rudy
Published: November 2021

Carta al editor ( Sin resumen )
Climate Change is Driving Greening Trend Whereas Tree Cover is Declining in The Western Himalaya of Pakistan
Authors: Khan Arshad Mahmood , Khalid Nadia
Published: November 2021

Recent studies suggest that two factors including climate change (especially precipitation) and human land use management (HLUM) are primarily driving greening trend around the world. However, studies targeting the impact of both factors on different vegetation layers (i.e. herbs, shrubs and tree layers) are lacking. This study hypothesize that precipitation relatively influence the under-storey vegetation cover more quickly, and HLUM (say afforestation/reforestation, deforestation) is more important towards top-storey layer. To investigate this, 13 randomly selected permanent stations in the wild natural west Himalayan coniferous forests of Sudhan Gali, Pakistan were explored from 2000-2016 to collect vegetation health data by two ways; Ground data (i.e. cover estimation of three layers), and indirect remote sensing (RS) data (i.e. MODIS NDVI/EVI 16-days-time series). Deforestation and grazing pressure as HLUM were measured by using some new and more intuitive mathematical operations, and climatic data (1979-2018) was also collected and compared. The results depicted that there is an overall greening trend in the study area coupled with significant increase in average herbaceous cover, NDVI, EVI and precipitation during 2009-2016. Contrastingly, high elevation microhabitats are facing maximum cover loss (especially top-storey), and have negative seasonal Sen’s slope values of the studied time series. The distance-based Redundancy Analysis (db-RDA) results confirmed that variations in RS-data were significantly explained by precipitation and herbaceous cover only. This study concluded that overall greening trend was driven by precipitation, and not remarkably by HLUM by supporting under-storey vegetation, whereas, top-storey tree layer is still declining, and need immediate attention.
Studies on the electrical characteristics of a high-k dielectric/metal gate MOS capacitor by high-pressure annealing
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Divya Pandi , Lee Wen Hsi , Wang Y.L.
Published: November 2021

In this work, a high-pressure annealing (HPA) technique at 6 atm over a wide range of temperatures (200 °C–450 °C) was used for post-metallization annealing on a high-k/metal gate MOS capacitor. To verify the ability of HPA to improve interface trap density and leakage issues another MOS capacitor with the same structure was annealed by microwave annealing (MWA) for comparison. The electrical performance of the capacitors under different annealing conditions were analyzed and the difference in characteristics such as flat-band voltage shift, oxide trapped charge, interface state density and leakage current were compared. HPA demonstrates a low trap density when compared with other annealing techniques, indicating potential removal of charge traps and a reduction in leakage current density. The results show that HPA is more effective at minimizing the oxide trapped charged at low temperature than MWA at 3000 W and the reduction in leakage current density after HPA at low temperatures corresponds to the reduction in charge traps. HPA at low temperature demonstrates great potential as a post-metallization annealing process for high-k/metal gate structures due to its ability to overcome undesired effects such as diffusion of Al into the dielectric layer.
Developing a Contract Management System for FMCG Chain Retailing Companies in the Context of Digital Transformation
Authors: Voronova O. V. , Il’in I. V. , Sheleyko V. A.
Published: November 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to develop and describe a contract management system for FMCG chain retailing companies in the context of the digital transformation of the economy.

Tasks. The authors examine the specific aspects of developing a contract management system for chain retailing companies; develop a classification of contracts by sector of activity and outline the landscape of the contract management process; create and describe a system for managing contracts.

Methods. The methodological basis of this study includes conceptual representations of the contract management system, which make it possible to apply a systems approach, generalization, grouping, methods of formal system representation, and socio-economic experimentation.

Results. The study examines the specific aspects of developing a contract management system for chain retailing companies in the context of the digital transformation of the economy, describing the major types of contracts used by these companies. The contracts are classified by sector of activity, and the landscape of the contract management process is outlined. Its individual units correspond to the Deming cycle and represent a cyclically repeating decision-making process.

Conclusions. As a result, a contract management system for chain retailing companies is proposed, and the relationship between the management subsystem and the system of requirements for the architecture of business services in the field of contract management is determined. It is shown that successful implementation of an efficient contract management system requires preliminary work to identify requirements for the architecture of business services. Taking into account these requirements in the modeling of architectural solutions and integrating them into the business architecture will ensure high-quality contract management through the optimization of the company’s resources and highly efficient regulation of the relationship between the stakeholders and counterparties of chain retailing companies.
Enhancing Challenge Framing in Defence Organisations: Towards Reflexive Methods
Authors: Beaulieu-Brossard Philippe , Dufort Philippe
Published: November 2021

This article contributes to problem solving, design, and planning in defence organisations by arguing that a ‘problem’ or a ‘challenge’ is never objective, natural or ready-made. Challenges are contingent to the conditions under which individuals perceive and formulate them. As a result, this article understands ‘challenges’ and ‘approaches’ to address them as co-dependent on one another. This article recommends that officers should attempt to generate the most interesting and, we hope, innovative problem-solution pair or challenge-approach pair in order to integrate this insight into practice when problem solving, designing, or planning. Leaders and their teams can learn to inhabit this mind-set by finding inspiration in three modes observed through practice: initial challenge framing, challenge curation and co-evolution. For each of these modes, the article proposes reflexive methods and tools for enhancing introspection in challenge framing and formulation namely the Five Whys, question-storming, and loyal opposition. The article supports these recommendations and methods through insights gleaned from philosophy of knowledge, design theory, and on design experiences with the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) in 2019.
Dualism of Drought and Water in Drylands
Authors: ZHANG Xiuqing
Published: November 2021

This paper analyzes Thea Astley’s fourth Miles Franklin award novel ——Drylands from the perspective of the contradiction of drought and water. It depicted a fully-fledged drought and an eminent absence of water. It was the crisis of drought in the tropical small town of Drylands in rural Queensland that forced villagers to flee the arid land and seek refuge in costal or watery areas. Characters’ fate was closely related with drought and water.
Scenario Reduction Network Based on Wasserstein Distance with Regularization
Authors: Sun Yingyun , Dong Xiaochong , Malik Sarmad Majeed
Published: November 2021

Power systems with high penetration of renewable energy contain various uncertainties.
Scenario-based optimization problems need a large number of discrete scenarios to obtain a reliable
approximation for the probabilistic model. It is important to choose typical
scenarios and ease the computational burden. This paper presents a scenario reduction network
model based on Wasserstein distance. Entropy regularization is used to
transform the scenario reduction problem into an unconstrained problem. Through
an explicit neural network structure design, the output of the scenario
reduction network corresponds to Sinkhorn distance function. The scenario
reduction network can generate the typical scenario set through unsupervised
learning training. An efficient algorithm is proposed for continuous/discrete scenario
reduction. The superiority of the
scenario reduction network model is verified through case studies. The
numerical results highlight high accuracy and computational efficiency of the
proposed model over state-of-the-art model making it an ideal candidate for large-scale scenario
reduction problems
A Lightweight Framework for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Acceleration in Complex Industrial Systems
Authors: Shan Nanliang
Published: November 2021

With the acquisition of massive condition monitoring data, how to realize real-time and efficient intelligent fault diagnosis is the focus of current research. Inspired by the ideas of compressed sensing (CS) and deep extreme learning machines (DELM), a data-driven lightweight framework is proposed to accelerate intelligent fault diagnosis. The integrated framework contains two modules: data sampling and fault diagnosis. Data sampling module projects the intensive original monitoring data into lightweight compressed sampling data non-linearly, which can effectively reduce the pressure of transmission, storage and calculation. Fault diagnosis module digs deeply into the inner connection between the compressed sampled signal and the fault types to realize accurate fault diagnosis. This work has three meaningful points. First, we believe that the bearing vibration signal is not strictly sparse in the transform domain. Second, we verified that the sparse signal after compressed sampling can be directly used for fault diagnosis without being reconstructed. Third, adding a kernel function to the DELM can perfectly map the low-dimensional inseparable features after compressed sampling to the high-dimensional space non-linearly to make it linearly separable and thus improve the classification accuracy
The requalification of industrial buildings: a circular economy perspective
Authors: Maniero Agata , Fattori Giorgia
Published: November 2021

Since the 1970s, in Europe the industrial decommissioning phenomenon has led to the generation of an obsolescent and widespread building stock, located in highly strategic areas. This paper, aiming to make abandoned industrial buildings re-enter the market, focused on the development of prefabricated housing modules, according to the nested-building renovation approach. The project started from the constraint’s typological analysis (architectural, functional and structural) of 900 reinforced concrete industrial buildings in view of the intervention replicability. Finally, to validate the design and technological choices, the analysed system was applied to a real case study in Verona: the Greggi Warehouse (1960) in the “ex-Manifattura Tabacchi” factory area.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Retinal Vein Occlusion: Correlation between Foveal Avascular Zone Area and Visual Acuity
Authors: Feroz Lubna , Uzair Najia , Shamim Mariam , Siddiqui Shahab ul Hassan , Mehmood Syed Asad
Published: November 2021

Purpose:  To find out correlation between visual acuity and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using OCTA in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Study Design:  Descriptive observational study.

Place and Duration of Study:  Layton Rehmatullah Benevolent trust free Eye Hospital, from September 2018 to December 2019.

Methods:  This observational study included 50 eyes of 50 patients, who were treated with intra-vitreal anti-VEGF for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. We excluded patients with macular edema due to other ocular diseases. OCTA was performed in every patient to measure the size of foveal avascular zone. FAZ area of 0.6mm2 or less was taken as normal and any value above that was considered to be larger FAZ. IBM SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. Frequencies with percentages were used to present qualitative variables and mean ± SD were calculated for the quantitative variables. P-value ≤ 0.005 was taken as significant.

Results:  Mean age was 58.38 ± 7.51 years. There were 28 males and 22 females. Mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.62 ± 0.26 logMar. The patients with normal FAZ area in DCP showed a mean BCVA of 0.51 ± 0.265 logMAR in comparison to those who had larger FAZ in DCP, where the mean BCVA was 0.75 ± 0.204 logMAR. DCP was larger in patients with CRVO than BRVO.

Conclusion:  OCTA is a good diagnostic tool for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the deep capillary plexus. Improvement in visual acuity is related with the size of the DCP in FAZ.

Key Words:  Retinal vein occlusion, Foveal avascular zone, Optical Coherence Tomograghy Angiography.