bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NITROFURANTOIN SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN UROPATHOGENS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
Authors: Gupta Toshani , Chavan Sonal , S Raut Sharmila
Published: January 2024

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are a signicant public health concern, and the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among
uropathogens makes treatment challenging. This study examines the susceptibility pattern of antimicrobials, focusing on Nitrofurantoin, a
commonly prescribed drug. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing was conducted to enhance result reliability. A total of 228 culturepositive urine samples were processed, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to established guidelines, revealing
92.5% gram-negative and 7.5% gram-positive organisms. Overall, Nitrofurantoin showed high susceptibility (81.90% sensitivity) by disk
diffusion and improved results (89.52% sensitivity) by MIC testing. Escherichia coli exhibited the highest sensitivity to fosfomycin (97.86%),
nitrofurantoin (87.86%), and imipenem (83.57%). Klebsiella pneumonia was most susceptible to nitrofurantoin and amikacin (66.04%). These
ndings highlight the effectiveness of Nitrofurantoin in treating UTIs in the current setting.
COMPARISON OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE BETWEEN LEVOBUPIVACAINE AND BUPIVACAINE IN ORTHOPEDIC LOWER LIMB SURGERIES -A RANDOMISED DOUBLE BLINDED STUDY
Authors: Vijay Manasa , Girija Kumari Ballarapu , Koramutla Pradeep Kumar
Published: January 2024

Background- Bupivacaine is the most commonly used local anesthetic drug in central neuraxial Blockade (spinal anesthesia). Newer Drug
Levobupivicaine which is an S isomer of bupivicaine is being used popularly in wide range of surgical patients as it is less cardiotoxic and less
neurotoxic with no changes in the potency when compared to Bupivacaine. As Both the drugs have similar arrhythmogenic effects on the
cardiovascular system. However, there is no clear Literature regarding which drug is more Arrhythmogenic.Thus information about which drug is
more arrhythmogenic and hemodynamically stable.This studywas aimed to detect the Hemodynamic responsiveness between the Hyperbaric
levobupivicaine and Hyperbaric Bupivacaie.in patients posted for Lower limb fracture stabilisations Based on previous studies 60 Methodologypatients of either gender with ASA Grade 1 and 2 aged between 20 and 60 years were included in the study. Height between 150 to 170 cms,and
weight between 50 to 100 kgs were enrolled in the study ..Patients were randomly assigned into two groups , GROUP A ( n=30). who received
Levobupivacaine (L) 15 mg of 0.5 % and Group B (n=30) who received Bupivacaine .The following parameters were recorded in the intraoperative
period . Basal heart rate , blood pressure was recorded preoperatively and after spinal anesthesia at an intervals of 5min,10min,20min,30 min
,1hour and 2 hours. Adverse effects if any like vomiting , shivering ,bradycardia etc was noted during the entire study .statistical analysis unpaired
student t test was performed among the variables. Most of the patients in GROUP A varied in height Results- between 163-179 meters .group
(n=19, 63.3%) with the mean height of 166.80 meters. Most of the patients in group B belonged to the same height as group A( n=20,66.7% ) with
the mean height of 166.73 .There is no statistically signicant difference (p>0.05) between the two groups with regard to the Height . In Group – B
patients majority belong to the same height group as Group – A (n=20, 66.7%) with the mean height of 166.73 meters. The association between the
intervention groups and height distribution is considered to be not statistically signicant since P>0.05 as per student t- Test. to 66.90 The
association between the intervention groups and mean heart rate is considered to be statistically signicant since P<0/01 as per paired sample t- Test
except at 5 minutes where there is no statistically signicant difference. levobupivicaine appears to be better hemodynamically stable Conclusionthan the Bupivicaine and it can be a better alternative to the Bupivicaine
ROLE OF FIBEROPTIC ENDOSCOPIC EVALUATION OF SWALLOWING IN TRACHEOSTOMY DECANNULATION OF NEUROTRAUMA PATIENTS
Authors: B K Venkatesha , Pawar Akshay
Published: January 2024

Background: Elective tracheostomy is most commonly indicated in neurotrauma patients who are anticipated to require prolonged ventilatory
support. Once the indication of the tracheostomy is resolved, it is essential to wean off the patient from the tracheostomy. Prolonged tracheostomy
may result in tracheal stenosis, recurrent infections, excessive irritant coughing, delaying decannulation and demoralizing for the patient. In order
to successfully decannulate a tracheostomised patient, there needs to be a denitive protocol and tool for avoiding re-cannulation/ decannulation
failure. This study aims at dening the role of Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) in tracheostomy decannulation.
Objective: To determine the role of beroptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) as a tool in the decannulation of tracheostomised
neurotrauma patients. All the tracheostomised neurotrauma patients underwent c Methodology: linical assessment of swallowing, and
1
standardized protocols of clinical indicators listed by ROSS AND WHITE were followed for clinical assessment. Patients were subjected to
Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES), Demography along with underlying neurotrauma details, duration of tracheostomy
/Ryle's tube insertion, CAS scores and FEES detected PAS scores were documented in proforma. The data about the micro aspiration, Gross
aspiration to different consistencies of the food along with any structural pathologies were noted during endoscopy and were recorded and scored
2 according to Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) in a proforma. Results: Among 51 patients recommended by the Clinical Assessment of
Swallowing (CAS), 35 (68.62%) patients were decannulated after Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of swallowing (FEES), 16 (31.38%) were
deferred decannulation due to signs of aspiration on endoscopic visualization (Silent aspirators). Amongst the 16 patients who were deferred of
decannulation, 6 (37.5%) patients were noted to have edematous arytenoids, 5 (31.25%) patients had vocal cord congestion, 2 (12.5%) patients
each with vocal cord mobility and false cord hypertrophy were noted and 1 (6.25 %) patient had bulky arytenoids with no signs of aspiration.
Conclusion: Functional Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) objectively identied silent aspirators who otherwise would have been
missed during the clinical evaluation of swallowing. Thus, played an important role in preventing the chances of decannulation failure.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF AZOOSPERMIC MEN IN WESTERN INDIA- A TERTIARY CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Meena Mamta , Sharma Anita , Choudhary Bhanuja , Saini Manju
Published: January 2024

Background: Infertility affects 8-12 % couples worldwide, of which 50% is due to male factor. About 1% of all men in the general population and
10-15 % of infertile men have azoospermia. The data and studies regarding prevalence, epidemiology and causes of male infertility is lacking in the
state of Rajasthan. Aim:Aim of the study to nd recent trends and causes of azoospermia. Settings and Design: This is a descriptive observational
study conducted at IVF center of tertiary center from January 2020 to December 2021 on male partners of infertile couples having azoospermia.
Material and methods: Semen analysis of all participants was done after 3-5 days of abstinence. Investigations included endocrinological
evaluation and scrotal ultrasound, testicular biopsy and karyotyping were done, if required. Results: Most patients were in age group 21-29 years,
belonged to urban background with literacy level till 12th grade and presented with primary infertility with married life of 2-20 years. Most had
normal Body mass index (BMI). About 70% were involved in substance abuse like alcohol, smoking and tobacco. After detailed workup Patients
were divided into four groups Pretesticular (1.75%), testicular (52%), post testicular (31.25%) and idiopathic (15%) azoospermia. Conclusion:
The study will help in nding epidemiology and causes of male infertility in the state. A detailed work up and thorough evaluation will help in
guiding appropriate medical, surgical treatment and requirement for assisted reproductive techniques.
A STUDY TO FIND THE PREVALENCE, ETIOLOGY AND OUTCOME OF HYPONATREMIA IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: D Shalabha , T. C Neetha
Published: January 2024

Background and Aims: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder among hospitalized patients, and has been associated with
increased mortality ranging from 5% to 50%. In this study, the primary objective was to nd the prevalence of hyponatremia in critically ill patients
and the secondary objectives were to nd the aetiology of hyponatremia in critically ill patients and to nd the outcome of these patients. Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study of a series of critically ill patients during a 12-month period. Results: In our study there were 76 patients with
hyponatremia (39.6%) and remaining 116 patients were within normal levels (60.4%). Among the 76 patients there were 30 patients (39.5%) with
mild hyponatremia; moderate levels in 41 patients (53.9%) and severe hyponatremia in 5 patients (6.6%). The hyponatraemic patients admitted in
the ICU were mostly due to post- operative cause (56.6%).
A Software Implementation of a Conversational Multilingual Avatar-Based Interactive Multifunctional AI Kiosk and Mobile Application With Computer Vision
Authors: Ravikumar Udayshankar
Published: January 2024

Background: In an era of increasing globalization and digital
interaction, the demand for efficient, multilingual customer service
solutions is paramount. This study introduces a novel software
implementation of a conversational multilingual avatar-based interactive
multifunctional AI kiosk and mobile application with computer vision,
which is designed to address the challenges in delivering seamless,
interactive, and inclusive customer service. The system integrates
advanced technologies, including natural language processing, computer
vision, and artificial intelligence, to create a user-friendly,
avatar-based interactive platform. The purpose of this study is to
explore the software’s architecture, functionality, and effectiveness in
providing a multilingual, conversational interface for diverse user
demographics, particularly in kiosk and mobile application formats.

Results: The implementation demonstrated robust performance in several
key areas. The avatar-based interface, created using ReadyPlayerMe,
delivered a highly interactive and engaging user experience, enhanced by
computer vision technologies like OpenCV and Google ARCore for accurate
face detection and tracking. The system effectively utilized Whisper API
and Google Cloud’s Speech-to-Text (STT) and Text-to-Speech (TTS)
services to facilitate realtime language translation and processing.
This ensured seamless communication in multiple languages. The
integration with OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 model, prompt-tuned to specific
business data, provided contextually relevant and accurate responses,
significantly enhancing the user experience. Critical issues such as
privacy, data security, and real-time processing were effectively
addressed, ensuring user trust and system efficiency. Additionally, the
system demonstrated an ability to cater to a broad spectrum of
industries, making it a versatile tool in varied business scenarios.

Conclusions: The multifunctional conversational AI software effectively
bridges the communication gap in customer service interactions,
providing a scalable, secure, and user-friendly solution. Its ability to
engage users in their native language, coupled with its interactive
avatar-based interface, marks a significant advancement in the realm of
digital customer service solutions. This implementation holds
substantial potential for widespread adoption across various sectors,
offering implications for enhancing global customer service standards,
business efficiency, and user inclusivity. The success of this system
sets the stage for future innovations in AI-driven customer interaction
technologies.
What's in an AI's Mind's Eye? We Must Know
Authors: Sipper Moshe , Lapid Raz
Published: January 2024

We discuss the crucial importance of explainability and
understandability in artificial intelligence, in addition offering a
small, insightful experiment, followed by a discussion of responses,
challenges, and obstacles. We believe the pursuit of AI explainability
and understandability is crucial, to be ignored at our peril.
Human-Aware Energy Beamforming for Microwave Wireless Power Transfer
Authors: Murata Kentaro , Kaneko Naoki , Muramatsu Kyoshiro , Yamamoto Haruki , Honma Naoki
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a novel human-aware energy beamforming (BF) method
for safe and secure microwave wireless power transfer (MWPT). The
proposed method first estimates an equivalent channel between a
transmitting array antenna and a human body from continuous-wave pilot
signals Doppler-shifted by human vital activities by utilizing the MWPT
system as a quasi-monostatic multiple-input multiple-output (or
single-output) radar. This allows the online estimation of the radio
frequency (RF) exposure power without prior human geometry information.
Then, the closed-form optimum BF weight can be derived to maximize the
figure of merit (FoM), defined as the ratio of the received power to
exposure power in the form of a generalized Rayleigh quotient. This
simultaneously facilitates the suppression of RF exposure and
enhancement of transfer efficiency.

Comprehensive experiments were conducted to evaluate the proposed BF
performance using our multi-antenna testbed with proven applicability to
various human-sensing experiments. The indoor experiment proved that the
proposed method performs null steering auto-tuned to human positions
within a distance of up to 3 m and to the physical characteristics of
six subjects, even under realistic conditions with multipath fading and
array error. It achieved the highest FoM of 21.65 dB among conventional
BF methods for a typical case. This was an improvement of 7.10 dB when
compared with the result of maximum ratio transmission BF, which
maximizes the transfer efficiency. This study demonstrates the
possibility of coexistence of humanity and MWPT technology for its
future social implementation.
A Practical Guide to the 555: Regarding a Self-Sustainable Battery-Powered Electrical Generator
Authors: Simon Rahsaan
Published: January 2024

A novel solution in the field of electric generation is essential for the longevity of the planet if we wish to increasingly continue our utilization of electricity. As such, a novel solution should incorporate environmental cleanliness, sustainability, and longevity if it is to be considered a meaningful contribution to this problem. Therefore, it is shown that such a solution can be achieved with the utilization of an electric oscillator, Li-ion battery, and a moderately permeable temporary magnetic core to produce a constant supply of clean electricity. Such a solution will not only solve all of the problems listed above but will do so while being portable and cost-effective. Thus providing a path for increasingly sustainable solutions forward while simultaneously presenting a solution that is more viable than the clean energy sources of today.
Improving Sit/Stand Loading Symmetry and Timing Through Unified Variable Impedance Control of a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis
Authors: Welker Cara , Best Thomas , Gregg Robert
Published: January 2024

Individuals using passive prostheses typically rely heavily on their
biological limb to complete sitting and standing tasks, leading to
slower completion times and increased rates of osteoarthritis and lower
back pain. Powered prostheses can address these challenges, but have
control methods that divide sit-stand transitions into discrete phases,
limiting user synchronization across the motion and requiring long
manual tuning times. This paper extends our preliminary work using a
thigh-based phase variable to parameterize optimized data-driven
impedance parameter trajectories for sitting, standing, and walking,
with only two classification modes. We decouple the stand-to-sit and
sit-to-stand equilibrium angles through a knee velocity-dependent
scaling term, reducing the model fitting error by approximately half
compared to our previous results. We then experimentally validate the
controller with three individuals with above-knee amputation performing
sitting and standing transitions to/from three different chair heights.
We show that our controller implemented on a powered knee-ankle
prosthesis produced biomimetic joint mechanics, resulting in
significantly reduced sit/stand loading asymmetry and time to complete a
5x sit-to-stand task compared to participants’ passive prostheses.
Integration with a previously developed walking controller also allowed
sit/walk transitions between different chair heights. The controller’s
biomimetic assistance may reduce the overreliance on the biological limb
caused by inadequate passive prostheses, helping improve mobility for
people with above-knee amputations.
Small Signal Analysis of DC Voltage Control Based on a Virtual Resistance of DC/DC converter Integrated in a Multiterminal DC Grid
Authors: Shafique Ghazala , Boukhenfouf Johan , Gruson Francois , Samimi Shabab , Colas Frédéric , Guillaud Xavier
Published: January 2024

The future multi-terminal direct-current (MTDC) grid will require the
interconnection of point-to-point high-voltage (HV) DC links with
different specifications such as DC voltage level, system grounding
configuration and HVDC technology. To adapt these differences, DC/DC
converters are obligatory to interconnect HVDC links. Additionally, they
are capable of providing supplementary functionalities as they are
highly controllable devices. In this paper, a primary virtual resistance
DC voltage controller associated with DC/DC converter is proposed for
managing DC grid voltages of the interconnected HVDC grids, increasing
the reliability of the system. The commonly known topology,
Front-to-Front Modular Multilevel Converter (F2F-MMC) is adopted for
DC/DC converter. Time-domain simulations are performed using EMTP
software for validating the controller behaviour under power
disturbances and large events of loss of one converter in a MMC-based
MTDC system. The converters are modelled using reduced order modelling
(ROM) methodology. Apart from this, dynamic studies have been carried
out using a linear state space model for small-signal stability analysis
of a HVDC system integrating DC/DC converter with a virtual resistance
DC voltage controller. The results are examined through parametric
sensitivity analysis.
Building a Simple COVID-19 Knowledge Graph in Bahasa Indonesia: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Muharram Arief Purnama , Taufikulhakim Farhan Hilmi , Purwarianti Ayu
Published: January 2024

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease that has become a pandemic
worldwide. Many studies have been conducted to enhance our understanding
of COVID-19. However, the abundance of information obtained from these
studies has resulted in information overload. In this study, we purposed
a simple COVID-19 Knowledge Graph in Bahasa Indonesia as a way to
reconstruct knowledge to combat this information overload. We used
Bahasa Indonesia in our study to explore its potential for constructing
a Knowledge Graph (KG). The construction of our KG involved manual
curation of medical literatures and annotation of entities and
relationships by the domain experts. The KG was implemented using Neo4J
version 5. We successfully demonstrated our COVID-19 KG, which consists
of 240 nodes and 276 relationships with 15 and 14 node and relationship
labels respectively. Accessing the information within the KG is made
effortless through the use of Cypher queries in Neo4J. Further research
is still needed to develop the KG into a larger and better one. However,
our COVID-19 KG can serve as a basis for further development.
Determination of restoration potential on small river reaches in urban environment in Hungary
Authors: Erdei Tímea , Boromisza Zsombor , Domokos Endre , Földi Zsófia
Published: January 2024

Urban river reaches are an important element in green infrastructure, but they are typically in worse condition than rural river reaches, so their restoration is an important task. The purpose of this study was to determine the restoration potential of small river reaches in urban environments in Hungary. We evaluated the necessity and possibility of restoration in terms of three restoration goals: improvement of water quality; improvement of ecological and hydromorphological characteristics; and improvement of recreational and landscape characteristics. We determined the restoration potential of the examined river reaches by comparing the need and possibility of restoration. Based on the results, we revealed the main problems of the examined rivers, which reflect the need for restoration. In terms of water quality, the presence of polluting sources and the effects of agricultural areas along the river were found to cause problems in several cases. Regarding the ecological and hydro-pathological characteristics, the lack of woody vegetation on the floodplain, the modified riverbed, and the large proportion of sections with bank protection all contribute to unfavorable conditions. In terms of recreational and landscape characteristic aspects, the need for restoration increases if the small river forms a central element of the urban environment, but currently has few recreational functions. In most cases, the possibility for restoration is limited by the width of the floodplain, as this can hinder the implementation of interventions that require a larger area. Based on the results, there are settlements with good restoration potential from the point of view of several restoration goals, so these settlements are also suitable for implementing restorations with complex goals(e.g., Nagyecsed, Hatvan, Jászberény, or Szolnok). Using the developed method, the main difference between the examined river reaches can be revealed and the restoration goals can be prioritized, which can sustain the planning process and preparation of river restorations.
Unique landscape features and significance of former allotment gardens in the protection of the visual landscape
Authors: Albicz Kinga , Hubayné Horváth Nóra
Published: January 2024

The term “allotment garden” is a special form of land use, developed in Hungary under socialism in the early 1960s. It originally referred to privately owned small parcels of land, traditionally vineyards, orchards and gardens, which offered their owners weekend recreation in addition to the opportunity of backyard farming. However, the vast majority of allotment gardens have a historical background, with horticulture having existed before gardens were classified as allotment gardens. Since their creation, allotment gardens have undergone a significant change of function. Some have been preserved for traditional small-scale garden farming, while others were integrated into settlements as residential areas, or grassy, neglected, afforested areas. Despite the process of transformation and degradation, allotment gardens still today contain various landscape features: they more or less preserve the characteristics of human conscious land-scape forming activities, landscape pattern, natural heritage and valuable visual features of the landscape, and in many cases the heritage of historic land use and remained traces of farming. This article approaches the value of allotment gardens from a heritage and visual landscape protection viewpoint, at national and sample area level. The aim of the study is to explore vineyard origins and landscape significance of allotment gardens and to present the unique landscape features of allotment gardens applying geographic information methods. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of the vineyard origins analysis revealed that the vineyard past as a historical antecedent can be detected in a significant part of the total area of allotment gardens. The results of the study indicated that unique landscape features occur at a density almost five times higher than the national average in the allotment-garden areas. One-third of the country's unique landscape features related to vine and fruit production are concentrated in these areas. However, the research also revealed that the survey on allotment garden landscape features of cultural and historical significance is far from being complete. Presumably, there are many more landscape features (cellars, gorges and retaining walls of stone) in the allotment gardens than are recorded in the unique landscape feature database. The significance of allotment gardens in the protection of the visual landscape is confirmed by the fact that the proportion of allotment garden patches classified as zones of visually sensitive landscapes is almost one and a halftimes the national rate.
Modernista közparkjaink megőrzésének kihívásai
Authors: Karlócainé Bakay Eszter , Gergely Antal , Takácsné Zajacz Vera
Published: January 2024

Among the projects of the 20th century modern landscape architecture, there are some works that deserve to be pre-served as an integral part of the garden heritage. A world-wide inventory and evaluation of this landscape heritage is currently underway to identify those works that best represent the landscape architecture of the period.How can these works be restored in a way that meets today's ecological and social sustainability requirements without losing their original character? In the intensively used public parks presented in this article, complete reconstruction is generally not feasible, but the scale of the transformation is a central issue. International experi-ence shows how unclear the criteria for aspects of select-ing works to be preserved. For the time being, it is still often a subjective judgement, even within the professional community, whether the intervention used in the renova-tion process changes the composition of the original work.The renewal of any historic park and garden from any era must address sustainability, usually primarily from an ecological perspective. However, the contemporary regeneration of public parks and urban open spaces from the modern era, which are still intensively used today, is further complicated by the need for contemporary recrea-tional functions to be incorporated during the renovation and the application of universal design principles, which present additional challenges to integrate. Social sustain-ability is a strong requirement at these renovations.In this article, we analyse four modern public parks that were been renewed in the last 25 years or are in the process revitalization. In our country today, there is still no professional consensus as to which modern public parks can be considered valuable and worth preserv-ing for the future - if not through complete reconstruc-tion, then by carefully preserving the basic concept and compositional principles. The guiding principle in the selection of the public parks presented in this article was that they should be of different periods and have different recreational functions, with different challenges in their restoration.
COVID 19 Vaccinations and Its Impact
Authors: Ganai Shaista , Mir Mohd Sarwar
Published: January 2024

Vaccination with a 95% efficacy against disease could substantially mitigate future attack rates, hospitalizations, and deaths, even if only adults are vaccinated. Non-pharmaceutical interventions remain an important part of outbreak response as vaccines are distributed over time. To bring the lives to near normal, only option to attain it is mass vaccination in order to attain a herd immunity of >70 percent. A multicentric study was carried out two sites. A total of 160 patients were studied, 80 in a hospital set up and 80 in community. It was observed that severity of symptoms in cases who had received vaccination was less as compared to unvaccinated lot. Also the vaccination was viewed positively by the majority of the respondents.
Unit Cost of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India
Authors: Ganai Shaista , Mir Mohd Sarwar
Published: January 2024

Cost control programmes are not aimed at cutting the quality or quantity of services provided to the patient. They are aimed at increasing the performance efficiency of the healthcare team. Knowledge of unit cost is needed to assist planning for recurrent budget as an indicator of efficiency and to enforce pricing of services. The study revealed that the unit cost for MRI scan is Rupees 7432.7.
The Impact of Age on Semen Parameters of Northern Sudanese Couples
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Ibrahim , Elkarsany Mubarak Elsaeed Mustafa , Abderahman Nahla Ahmed Mohammed , Ali Elameen Elawad , Hamad Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Background: There are several physiological changes brought on by the inevitable process of aging. For exploring the potential role of aging in male infertility; we examined the semen quality in Northern Sudanese sub fertile men. Objectives: This study aimed to look into possible association between male age and different sperm parameters derived from semen analysis taking into account the World Health Organization (WHO) reference values of semen indicators. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study included 150 Northern Sudanese Couples men presenting with primary or secondary infertility who underwent semen analysis at Modern Specialized Laboratory (MSL), Atbara, River Nile State, Sudan, between August 2021 and April 2023. Seminal fluid were collected in a sterile, wide mouth container, by dry masturbation, after at least 48 hours of abstinence and brought immediately to the laboratory. Color, viscosity, PH and volume were examined macroscopically, and motility under the microscope within 20 minutes to one hour of collection time and was stained by10% Giemsa stain after fixation by spirit for 10-15min. Morphology and abnormal sperms were checked manually to assess the abnormalities in the head, midpiece and the tail of the sperm. This manual method was allowed the discrimination of immature sperm from white blood cells (WBCs) and then counting the WBCs. Data were collected by predesigned closed ended questionnaires, through direct personal interview with patients and questionnaires were filled after an informed consent was taken from each patient. The statistical analysis was done with the help of statistical software for social sciences SPSS 21. The characteristics of the semen, personal and demographic data were analyzed according to the standard protocols. Results: There was significant positive association between age and the different measured parameters except for the reaction and presence of microorganism and, a significant difference was found with the presence of microorganism by p=0.004. Conclusion: Age differences between participants were not observed to have an impact on semen parameters.
Counseling On Sport Massage and Use of Kinesiotaping For Athletes and Gymnastic Coaches
Authors: Tresnowatii Idah , Gilang Nuari Panggraita  , Mega Widya Putri  , Lukman Alfaris  , Nurul Aqil Nahari
Published: January 2024

Sport Massage is a method of recovery using massage specifically for athletes. Sports injuries that occur in performance sports athletes, apart from disrupting their health, can also reduce the athlete's opportunity to achieve optimally. Massage is a form of manipulation that has the characteristics of the causes of sports injuries, types of injuries and how to treat sports injuries. The ultimate goal of treating sports injuries is to maximize the injury recovery process and to minimize the risk of re-injury. Sports injuries are injuries to the integumentary, muscular and skeletal systems caused by sports activities. One of the branches of sport that aims to achieve achievement is gymnastics. Gymnastics is divided into 3: Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics and Aerobic Gymnastics. Training aimed at achieving maximum performance certainly has risks. The risk of sports activities is injury, ranging from minor injuries to serious injuries which are very likely to occur in athletes who do regular exercise.
Monetary Policy and Illiquidity
Authors:   Professor of Economics and Finance, SOAS, University of London jt29@soas.ac.uk, Toporowski Jan
Published: January 2024

The discussion of financial stability, and the role of monetary policy, is incoherent because there is very little agreement on what constitutes financial stability (and, by implication, instability) - exchange rate stability, asset price stability, absence of debt default. By implication, there is a gap between the claims of various authors to the general applicability of their respective analyses, and the actual applicability of their conclusions, let alone the usefulness of some of their policy recommendations. The paper argues that the key issue is the regulation of the liquidity of all financial markets, and not just that of the banking system, through the markets for government securities. The paper examines the sources of this liquidity in the financial portfolios of the private sector, and how that liquidity may be managed through the open market operations of central banks and the debt management operations of governments. An implication of this approach is yield curve control and the use of (government) debt management to control the liquidity of the markets. These elements of monetary policy have been neglected in theory and policy since the 1950s.
THE IMPACT OF BRAND EQUITY ON SELECT FMCG PRODUCTS AT HYDERABAD-AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Ms. Muneera Yasmeen Quadri  , Mr. Y Suryanarayana Murthy  , Mr. Titas Rudra
Published: January 2024

In the ever-expanding landscape of FMCG products and services, brand equity plays a pivotal role in establishing a competitive edge in metropolitan cities. The abstract concept of brand equity encompasses various elements that contribute to the overall value of the brand, including brand image, brand loyalty, brand recognition and perceived quality. Brands that excel in building strong equity are able to command higher prices, capture larger market shares, and enjoy enduring customer relationships. In the context of metropolitan cities where competition is fierce and consumer choice abound, establishing a robust brand equity becomes crucial for FMCG companies. Consequently, they can foster trust and loyalty among these discerning customers resulting in increased sales and long-term success in metropolitan markets.
KEYWORDS: Brand Equity, Brand Loyalty, Brand Image, Brand Recognition, Consumer Perceptions.
EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS OF SELECTED POLICE STATIONS IN METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES: TOWARDS OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES
Authors: Genaro P Mancio  , Renel P Cruz  , Edelito P Deles  , Oscar G Abuan
Published: January 2024

This study employed quantitative research methods to evaluate the level of earthquake preparedness in selected police stations located in Metro Manila. The study examined four crucial aspects: Organization and Planning, Resources and Logistics, Coordination and Responsiveness, and Training. Information was gathered from two cohorts: 207 law enforcement officers stationed at the designated police stations and 200 individuals from the general population living in Metro Manila. The study utilized a survey questionnaire that applied a four-point rating scale, ranging from Highly Prepared to Not Prepared, to assess the perceptions of both groups regarding the preparedness of these police stations. The findings revealed a significant disparity in the perception of earthquake readiness between police personnel and the civilian population at the selected stations. Police personnel usually maintained a favorable perspective, considering their stations well-equipped and competent, whereas the civilian populace reported lower confidence in their preparedness. This difference in perception highlights the necessity for enhanced communication, education, and community involvement to close the gap and increase public knowledge of the earthquake preparedness initiatives of police stations in Metro Manila. Hence, the research suggests prioritizing teaching programs for police personnel and cultivating closer ties with local people to establish confidence and enhance earthquake preparedness endeavors. Overall, this study provides significant knowledge about the earthquake readiness situation in specific police stations in Metro Manila. This information has implications for improving disaster management strategies and initiatives, ultimately leading to more efficient preparedness and response efforts in the event of earthquakes in the region.
KEYWORDS: Earthquake Preparedness, Police Stations Operational Capabilities, Organization and Planning, Resources and Logistics, Coordination and Responsiveness, and Training. Information
UNVEILING THE SUCCESS: MARKETING STRATEGIES OF FOREVER LIVING PRODUCTS INTERNATIONAL INC
Authors: Mohammed Younus  , Dr. S. Suneetha  , Mr. Titas Rudra
Published: January 2024

This article deals about the dynamic marketing strategies employed by Forever Living Products, a renowned player in the health and wellness industry. Focused on the holistic well-being of individuals, Forever Living has carved a niche through a unique blend of aloe Vera-based formulations and a robust direct selling model. The exploration encompasses the brands emphasis on aloe Vera based product portfolio, and the distinctive approach to global expansion. Additionally, the article sheds light on the companys commitment to sustainability, its innovative digital marketing tactics, and the success stories that underscore the effectiveness of its strategies. By dissecting these key elements, readers gain valuable insights into strategy prowess that propels Forever Living Products in a competitive market, providing a roadmap for business seeking inspiration in the realm of health and wellness marketing.
KEY WORDS: Marketing Strategy, Multi-Level Marketing, Unilevel & Binary Structures
DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MODERN BUSINESS SYSTEMS
Authors: Filip Jovanović  , Sanja Marković  , Ljiljana Berezljev
Published: January 2024

The rapid development of digital technologies, such as mobile services, information technology, and cloud computing, has irreversibly transformed the way business is conducted and opened the doors to a new era of digital entrepreneurship. In todays business world, successful enterprises are those that can harness the benefits of digital tools to create value and meet the needs of modern consumers. This paper presents the key technological trends in modern business. Cloud Computing is presented as an optimal way to distribute business applications, providing flexibility and cost reduction through remote servers. Artificial intelligence and Machine Learning are transforming the business world, enabling the resolution of various challenges. Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality provide innovative ways of interaction, while the Internet of Things connects smart objects. Big Data enables data analysis to improve business, while Data Mining is used to extract knowledge from heterogeneous sources. These technologies shape digital transformation, emphasizing the need for adaptation and the adoption of new paradigms.
KEYWORDS: Digital entrepreneurship, Digital economy, Digital marketing, E-business, Internet.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Kualitas Pelaporan Keuangan Yayasan Berdasarkan Interpretasi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan 35 di Masjid Jami Al-Mujahidin Bintara Bekasi Barat
Authors:   Universitas Bakrie, Lucyanda Jurica , Pratiwi Monica Weni , Santoso Berkah Iman , Rudianto Dudi , Nurdini Dinda Annastasya , Fadhilah Anisah
Published: January 2024

The activity of community service aims to improve the quality of the Yayasan's financial statements using a digital technology based on the Interpretation of Financial Accounting Standards (ISAK) 35 at the Yayasan Masjid Jami’ Al-Mujahidin Mosque Bintara, Bekasi Barat. The problem faced by the management of the Yayasan is the limited literacy related to the Yayasan's financial accounting standards and digital-based financial applications. Currently, the management has not implemented financial reporting based on ISAK 35. The management already has financial statements made manually. The method of these activities are training and socialization of digital-based financial report applications based on ISAK 35. Before and after the training, the pre-test and post-test were carried out related to training activities. The results of the activity shown that the training provided positive impacts that additional insights and understanding of the management related to financial reporting based on ISAK 35. In addition, the training provides digital literacy insights and makes it easier for the management to make financial reports. The trainees were satisfied with this community service activity. The target of this activity is that the Yayasan's management is able to apply digital-based financial statements based on ISAK 35 at the Yayasan Masjid Jami Al-Mujahidin.
TRATA CON FINES DE EXPLOTACIÓN LABORAL EN MUJERES INDIGENAS EN MÉXICO: UNA REALIDAD EMERGENTE
Authors: Lizbeth García Montoya, Ofelia López Mejía
Published: January 2024

Esta contribución refleja la problemática de trata de personas con fines de explotación laboral. El objetivo es describir las condiciones laborales en las que se encuentran las mujeres indígenas jornaleras con el fin de identificar la presencia de posibles elementos que integran el delito de trata de personas en la modalidad de explotación laboral, así como indagar sobre el marco 2jurídico que protege a las víctimas fenómeno. Este estudio se realizóen el municipio de Escuinapa, Sinaloa, siguió una metodología cuantitativa bajo la técnica de encuesta estructurada. La muestra ascendió a 100 mujeres con las características antes señaladas, obteniéndose como principal resultado la presencia de elementos que configuran la trata laboral y con ello una serie de violaciones a derechos humanos que viven las mujeres indígenas en México.
Industrializacja w miastach zaboru pruskiego na prawach powiatu, na początku XX w. na podstawie spisów pruskich
Authors: Zielińska Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

The subject matter of the article is inscribed in a broad current of research on the economic history and civilisational changes in the Prussian Partition in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The aim of the study is to analyse the economic situation and the level and characteristics of industrialisation in six towns with poviat (districts) rights located within the Prussian Partition: Bydgoszcz, Elbląg, Gdańsk, Grudziądz, Poznań, Toruń. This analysis is based on the exploration of two Prussian censuses of 12 June 1907: the Berufszählungen occupational census and the Betriebszählungen industrial/business census. Selected census data are presented in the form of tables and a graph. Employment in non-agricultural divisions and branches of the national economy is presented, including the 5 most numerous in terms of the number of employed workers. The structure of the working population in the main occupation is also presented, including for the 5 occupations with the highest employment. For the six urban poviats (districts), the importance of crafts and the small-scale nature of industry was observed. The cities most significant in terms of industrialisation processes were Gdańsk and Poznań, but also Elbląg. Each city had its own characteristics in terms of economic conditions and development. It can be concluded that industrialisation was one of the most important, though not the only, factor for the cities in question (economic factor). Despite the fact that the authorities of the Second Reich took good care of the civilisational progress of the Prussian Partition, the backwardness of this area in terms of development processes was still visible.
NANOTEXNOLOGİYA ƏSASINDA YARADILMIŞ İZOLYASİYA ÖRTÜKLƏRİNİN TİKİNTİ QURAŞDIRMA İŞLƏRİNDƏ TƏTBİQİ
Authors: Murad Muxtarov, Elşən Sultanov Murad Muxtarov, Elşən Sultanov
Published: January 2024

Nanotexnologiyaya əsaslanan materiallar əvvəllər kosmik tədqiqatlar, əczaçılıq və elektronika tərəfindən istifadə olunurdu, lakin son on ildə bir neçə nanotexnologiyaya əsaslanan istilik izolyasiya materialları tikinti sənayesində peyda oldu. Hal-hazırda onlar yalnız dar bir praktikada təqdim olunurlar, lakin bir çox potensial tətbiqlər təklif edirlər. Bu variantlar əksər memarlara məlum deyil, onlar natamam və çox vaxt ziddiyyətli xüsusi ədəbiyyata görə bu materiallardan sadəcə qorxa bilərlər.
Nanotexnologiya ilə hazırlanmış izolyasiya örtükləri tikinti və quraşdırmada müxtəlif tətbiqlər tapır. Onlar istilik müqavimətini artırır, istilik ötürülməsinin qarşısını alır və binalarda, boru kəmərlərində və avadanlıqlarda üstün izolyasiya təmin edir. Bundan əlavə, bu örtüklər tez-tez davamlılıq, çeviklik və ətraf mühit amillərinə qarşı müqavimət nümayiş etdirir, enerji səmərəliliyinə və struktur uzunömürlülüyünə kömək edir.
Buna görə də inamsızdırlar və adi və ənənəvi texnologiyalardan istifadə etməyə üstünlük verirlər.
Bu məqalə dizaynerlər üçün nanotexnologiyaya əsaslanan istilik izolyasiya materialları haqqında əsas məlumatları təqdim etmək məqsədi daşıyır. Bu, onların ən mühüm material xüsusiyyətlərini, funksional prinsiplərini, tətbiqlərini və bina tikintisində potensial istifadə variantlarını təsvir edir.
Açar sözlər: nanotexnologiya, tikinti, izoliyasiya, örtüklər, quraşdırma işləri
PARALEL PROQRAMLAŞDIRMADA İSTIFADƏ EDILƏN ƏSAS ALQORITMLƏR
Authors: Elviz İsmayilov,  Şəbnəm Cəfərzadə Elviz İsmayilov,  Şəbnəm Cəfərzadə
Published: January 2024

Məlum olduğu Qeyd etmək lazımdır ki, müxtəlif sahələrdə meydana çıxan böyük hesablama və yaddaş resursları tələb edən mürəkkəb məsələlərin həllində fərdi kompüterlərin hesablama gücü və yaddaşı kifayət etmir.Buna görə böyük və sürətli hesablamalar zamanı imkanları daha böyük olan çoxprosessorlu hesablama maşınlardan istifadə olunması daha məqsədəuyğundur. Hazırda isə dünyada hesablama klasterlərindən istifadə olunur.Bu zaman böyük və sürətli məsələlərin həlli qısa müddətdə icra edilir.Bu klasterlər birdən çox hesablama maşınlarını özündə birləşdirərək, onların resurslarını bir məsələnin həllinə yönəltməyə imkan verir. Burada məsələ hissələrə bölünüb hesablanır və sonda isə alınan nəticələr birləşdirilir. Bütün bu prosses paralel proqramlaşdırma texnologiyası ilə həyata keçirilir.Ümumiyyətlə, hər bir proqram təminatı müxtəlif alqoritmlərlə paralelləşdirilə bilər. Bu gün paralel proqramlaşdırmada üç əsas alqoritmdən istifadə olunur. Bunlar: bölmək və idarə etmək, paralel göstərici üsulları və təsadüfiləşdirmə. Nəticədə hər paralel proqramlaşdırma alqoritmin özünəməxsus istifadə sahəsi var. Hansı alqoritmdən istifadə etmək, yaxud proqramın paralel proqramlaşdırmaya uyğun olub-olmaması proqramın strukturu ilə birbaşa bağlıdır.Paralel proqramlaşdırmaya ehtiyac və bu sahədə tədqiqatların əhəmiyyəti getdikcə daha aydın görünür.
Açar sözlər: Paralel proqramlaşdırma, alqotirm, böl və idarə et, paralel göstərici üsulları, təsadüfiləşdirmə.
BUZOVNA-MAŞTAĞA YATAĞININ QIRMƏKIALTI LAY DƏSTƏSININ IŞLƏNILMƏSININ BAŞA ÇATDIRILMASININ GEOLOJI-RIYAZI ƏSASLANDIRILMASI
Authors: Ağarza Hacıyev, Sürəyya Əliyeva Ağarza Hacıyev, Sürəyya Əliyeva
Published: January 2024

Məqalədə Buzovna-Maştağa yatağı Qırməki altı lay dəstəsi timsalında işlənmənin başa çatdırılmasına baxılmışdır. Burada yataq haqqında kifayət qədər məlumat verilmiş, QA lay dəstəsinin işlənməsi hasilat əyrilərə görə təhlil edilmiş, istismarın tənzimlənməsi üçün “Nəzarət” xəritələri tərtib olunmuşdur. Obyektin işlənməsini səmərəli başa çatdırmaq üçün bir neçə təklif verilmişdir: ikinci lülə ilə quyuların qaytarılması, quyuların texnoloji rejimin dəyişdirilməsi və s.
Açar sözlər: yataq, quyu, horizont, Şuxart xəritələri, Qırməki layı.