bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needs of Diabetic Patients Other Than Oral Hypoglycemics or Insulin
Authors: Ayyad Rezk R. , Mansour Ahmed M. , Nejm Ahmed M. , Hassan Yasser Abdel Allem , Ayyad Ahmed R. , Samir Mariam
Published: January 2025

Firstly, the diabetic patients in the world nearly 10.5% of the world population ranging from the birth to 79 years (mostly the diabetes is at all ages from birth to death), so this disease must be taking the importance and priority of all countries due to the loss of economics of the individuals and countries, so in this article we explain the sum of needs of diabetic patients.
The diabetic patient firstly needs of glucose more than the healthy people due to the Prescence of glucose more than normal level in blood and no enter to the cell of tissue of the organs (the central nervous system CNS and Heart need glucose and oxygen), also the diabetic patients need other substances to enter the glucose to the cell forced and substance convert the glucose into substance other than glucose, this substance may be enzymes which need to Co-enzymes to act on glucose e.g., Riboflavin (Vit.B2) and Nicotinamide (Vit.B3) which they enter in formation of FAD and NAD which required for enzymes which act on glucose, lastly Cyanocobalamin (Vit.B12) which keeps and regenerates the nerves especially peripheral nerves.
Innovative Approaches to Scar Revision: Clinical Applications of Combined Laser Therapy and Biomaterials
Authors: Xu Cong
Published: January 2025

This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined laser therapy and biomaterials in scar revision. Through a randomized controlled trial, patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group received CO2 laser therapy combined with collagen or hyaluronic acid biomaterials. The primary assessment indicators included the visual analog scale (VAS) for scar, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score, and patient satisfaction surveys. The study results showed significant improvements in the appearance, texture of the scar, and patient satisfaction in the treatment group. Long-term follow-up studies further confirmed the durability of the treatment effects. The conclusion of this study supports the combination of laser therapy and biomaterials as an effective method for scar revision. Future research should focus on personalized treatment strategies and the assessment of long-term effects.
Medical Informatization and Medical Innovation: Promoting Technological Advancement in the Medical Industry
Authors: Wen Shuping
Published: January 2025

This study delves into the pivotal role of medical informatics in bolstering the quality of healthcare services, enhancing patient experience, streamlining the allocation of medical resources, and bolstering compliance with medical policies and regulations. Through a comprehensive analysis of medical informatics cases across various regions, this research uncovers the centrality of information technology in driving medical innovation. The findings underscore that medical informatics not only significantly elevates the quality and efficiency of healthcare services but also augments patient satisfaction and engagement. Furthermore, this study accentuates the significance of medical informatics in ensuring regulatory compliance. Despite the myriad benefits, medical informatics also grapples with technical challenges, security, and privacy issues, alongside challenges within the policy and regulatory framework. This study offers insightful recommendations and strategies for policymakers, healthcare institutions, and practitioners to navigate the future trajectory of medical informatics.
Management Strategies for Mixed GH and Prolactin-Secreting Macroadenomas Following Surgical Failure: A Case Report
Authors: HASNI Yosra , NOUIRA Sawsen , FEKIH Hamza EL , THABET Maissa , SSAFI Wiem , THABET Nawres , HALLOUL Imen , SAAD Ghada , MAAROUFI Amel
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, leading to various complications. The primary treatment goal is to reduce GH and IGF-I levels, with options including surgical resection, medical therapy (e.g., somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), dopamine agonists, and pegvisomant), and radiotherapy. The rate of biochemical control reported varies widely across different studies. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old woman with clinically evident acromegaly, characterized by physical changes, was referred due to symptoms including snoring, dental spacing, profuse sweating, joint aches, headaches, visual blurring, and amenorrhea. She had no hypertension, galactorrhea, or diabetes mellitus. Clinical examination revealed a clear acromegalic phenotype and a thyroid goiter. Initial tests showed elevated IGF-1(687 µg/L), high prolactin (165 ng/ml), normal glucose tolerance, and normal lipid profile. MRI identified a large hyperintense mass with supra- and latero-sellar extension. Campimetry revealed a bitemporal hemianopsia in both the right and left eyes. The patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery, with histology confirming a GH/PRL adenoma. At 3 months, residual tumor was still present, and IGF-1 levels were elevated. The treatment with cabergoline and lanreotide for four years did not achieve biological or tumor control of the tumor residue, despite dosage increases. However, switching to pasireotide led to the normalization of IGF-1 levels after four months, although this was accompanied by an increase in fasting blood glucose levels. Conclusion: In summary, this case highlights the effective use of pasireotide, in combination with the dopamine agonist cabergoline, for managing acromegaly in a patient with residual disease. It underscores the importance of personalized treatment plans and the necessity for ongoing monitoring and therapy adjustments to achieve the best possible outcomes.
Alcoholic Liver Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: January 2025

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) occurs from initial alcoholic fatty liver (steatosis) to more advanced type inflammation, such as alcoholic hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis for chronic excessive continual alcohol consumption. It is considered as the continuous damage to the liver and its functions. Steatosis is the primary stage of the accumulation of macrovesicular fat in the cytosol of hepatocytes. Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is the second stage of ALD that is a more severe, and inflammatory type of liver injury. Alcoholic cirrhosis is the final stage of ALD that is characterized by excessive liver scarring and liver failure. After years of regularly excessive alcohol consumption is one of the leading causes of ALD worldwide and the most prevalence of it is seen in high-income countries, especially in the western world, such as in Europe and North America. Women are more vulnerable to ALD pathogenesis than men, and after a shorter period of habitual drinking at a lower amount of alcohol they have a high probability of developing ALD. Lifelong stopping of drinking alcohol is an active therapy of ALD. Liver transplantation is the life-saving strategy for cirrhosis patients. This review paper tries to discuss the aspects of ALD, and its diagnosis and management strategy.
Personal Expression of Homeless People Through Material and Surface Exploration
Authors: Fauzi Tetriana Ahmed , Shan Yeow Lin
Published: January 2025

This research conveys the personal expression of the homeless through the exploration of materials and surfaces. In this research, the personal expressions about homeless people in Georgetown, Penang were observed by the artist. This research analyzes and finds the relationship of meaning behind the expression created in the artworks using the Panofsky model. In this study, the article also examines and explores material that can deliver personal expression about homeless people in Georgetown, Penang. Suitable subjects and visual references in portraying the expression about homeless people in Georgetown, Penang are determined. After literature review and practice review on artists’ artworks, non-participation observation, art-based research, research on material and medium and Intrinsic Value in relation to the Panofsky Model are adopted by this research. Studio investigation carried out by materials experimentation that could convey the artist’s personal expression of the homeless in Penang were carried out.
Self-Awareness and the Meaning of Existence from Phenomenological Perspective
Authors: Xi Junlin
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the relationship between self-awareness and existential meaning from a phenomenological perspective. By analyzing the fundamental theories and methods of phenomenology, this paper reveals the central role of self-awareness in elucidating individual existential meaning and emphasizes the importance of engaging in self-reflection and experience in daily life. The study finds that self-awareness and existential meaning are mutually constitutive under a phenomenological perspective, which provides guidance for modern individuals in seeking and establishing their personal values. Although the research has limitations, it offers a theoretical foundation for further exploration of phenomenology in the fields of self-awareness and existential meaning.
Trends in Sedentary Behavior and Its Health Impacts Among Office Workers in Shanghai
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu
Published: January 2025

Sedentary behavior has become a critical public health concern, particularly among office workers in urban environments like Shanghai. This study explores the prevalence and patterns of sedentary behavior, highlighting the significant shifts observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research examines contributing factors such as office design, cultural norms emphasizing long working hours, and the impact of remote work. The health implications are discussed, focusing on increased risks of metabolic syndrome, musculoskeletal disorders, and mental health issues like stress and anxiety. Strategies for reducing sedentary time, including flexible workspaces, workplace challenges, and wearable technology, are evaluated for their effectiveness. The findings underscore the importance of a multifaceted approach in addressing sedentary behavior to improve both individual health outcomes and organizational productivity.
Physical Activity Levels and Their Correlation with Type 2 Diabetes in Middle-Aged Chinese Women
Authors: Chen Yufeng
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the relationship between physical activity levels and Type 2 diabetes among middle-aged women in China, with a focus on the long-term health and economic benefits of increased physical activity. Physical activity is a key factor in managing blood glucose levels and reducing the risk of diabetes, but it is only one of many contributing factors. Genetics, poor diet, and obesity also play significant roles in diabetes development, particularly when combined with low physical activity. The study examines current public health initiatives in China, such as government-led campaigns aimed at encouraging physical activity, and suggests strategies for improving activity levels through urban design, community programs, and technological interventions. Long-term benefits for both individuals and the healthcare system are also discussed, including reduced healthcare costs and improved quality of life. Finally, future research areas, particularly longitudinal studies assessing the impact of physical activity on diabetes over time in Chinese populations, are identified.
Global food security: Challenges in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Shebanina Olena , Poltorak Anastasiia , Chorniy Dmytro
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to substantiate the peculiarities of the current state of global food security. In the process of writing the article, the following methods were applied: bibliometric analysis (using Google Analytics, Vosviewer v.1.6.18 and SciVal), system-structural analysis and synthesis, historical, dialectical, graphical and descriptive-statistical methods. The article clarifies the essence of the economic category “global food security”, which is considered as a state of the world food system, in which all people in all regions of the world have physical, social and economic access to an adequate volume of safe, high-quality, nutritious and wholesome food to ensure an active and healthy life over the long term. It is noted that advancement toward fulfilling the 2nd Sustainable Development Goal “ending hunger” is insufficient and uneven. In 2023, more than 700 million individuals in the world suffered from hunger, and 29% of the world’s population faced food insecurity. Forecasts show that achieving the 2nd Sustainable Development Goal by 2030 will be impossible without increased efforts and innovation. It has been established that the dynamics of food insecurity vary greatly between regions. The situation is the worst in Africa, with the food insecurity rate reaching 58% in 2023. Conflict, extreme climate events, economic crises and income inequality are the main factors that worsen the food security situation.These factors create a synergistic negative impact, especially in countries with low and middle incomes, and require the development of comprehensive measures to address food security issues. The study’s practical value is found in the application of the results of the food security monitoring, which will contribute to the adoption of effective solutions to overcome hunger and achieve the goals of sustainable development
Review of the main diseases of Solanum lycopersicum and methods of chemical control of pathogens
Authors: Havryliuk Liliia , Beznosko Iryna , Humennyi Danylo , Gentosh Dmytro , Bashta Olena
Published: January 2025

This article overviews the major diseases affecting tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), caused by viral, bacterial, and phytopathogenic microorganisms. Pathogenic microorganisms parasitising tomato plants lead to significant crop losses in agricultural production, reducing the quality of the produce. The study aimed to investigate the impact of microorganisms on tomato plants, the extent of their harmful effects, and methods of controlling disease pathogens. It has been established that the primary diseases of tomato plants are caused by fungi of the genera Fusarium (fusarium wilt), Phytophthora (late blight), Botrytis (grey mould), and Alternaria (early blight); viruses such as tomato spotted wilt virus and tomato yellow leaf curl virus; and bacteria such as Ascochyta cucumis (bacterial canker of tomatoes) and Xanthomonas vesicatoria (bacterial spot). Agricultural chemicals are recognised as an essential component in pest and disease management, and the primary means of combating plant diseases include chemical substances such as prochloraz, thiabendazole, propiconazole, carbendazim, benomyl, thiophanate, fuberidazole, and others. Systemic fungicides are crucial in controlling various diseases and exhibit beneficial physiological or growth-stimulating effects on plants, including delaying leaf senescence and increasing chlorophyll content. It has been observed that fungicides (chemical groups: strobilurin and carboxamide) are effective in combating early blight, while the primary strategy for controlling grey mould involves chemical management through the use of synthetic fungicides such as quinone inhibitors, benzimidazoles, carbamates, phenylpyrroles, and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Reviewing diseases and chemical control methods for pathogens is highly valuable for agricultural applications. The practical significance of this research lies in its ability to help agricultural producers manage their crops effectively and maintain fruit quality. Knowledge of the major diseases affecting tomatoes enables the timely identification of symptoms and the implementation of appropriate preventive and treatment measures
The Universal Vitamin A supplementation in India: Appropriate time for change in the Policy
Authors: Kapil Umesh
Published: January 2025

India is promoting universal vitamin A supplementation (UVAS) on the grounds that it could result in a 23% decrease in overall mortality. However, this controversial claim has only been discovered in clinically vitamin A-deficient endemic areas with basic healthcare services. Apart from conjectures the exact metabolic mechanisms involved in bringing about this mortality reduction are unknown. The findings of researchers from the John Hopkins School provide the majority of the evidence for the mortality reduction claim.
The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM): Impact, Challenges, and Future Directions for Urban Health Care
Authors: Venkatesh U , Garg Suneela , Gnanasekaran Sridevi , Pal Gopal Krushna
Published: January 2025

The rapid urbanization in India has resulted in significant health challenges, particularly for the urban poor residing in slums and underserved areas. The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was launched in May 2013 to address these challenges by improving health care access, infrastructure, and outcomes for urban populations. This review provides an in-depth analysis of NUHM, covering its objectives, key features, achievements, challenges, and future directions. NUHM has enhanced health care accessibility through the establishment of Urban Primary Health Centres (UPHCs) and community outreach services, empowered communities through the involvement of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and Mahila Arogya Samitis (MAS), and reduced health inequities. However, the mission faces challenges such as inadequate funding, workforce shortages, coordination issues, and the need to address social determinants of health. Recommendations for the way forward include increasing funding, strengthening workforce capacity, fostering intersectoral collaboration, enhancing monitoring and evaluation, and scaling up successful models like MAS. By addressing these areas, NUHM can continue to improve health outcomes for urban populations and contribute to the overall well-being of India's growing urban population.
The Zika Virus: An Overview of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention
Authors: Ugandar RE , Reddy A Sai Keshava
Published: January 2025

Zika virus (ZIKV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its rapid spread and association with severe neurological complications, including microcephaly in new-borns and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Zika virus, covering its epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and strategies for prevention and control. By synthesizing current research and data, we highlight the need for on-going vigilance and research to mitigate the impact of this virus on global health.
A Pertussis outbreak investigation, Amreli district, Gujarat state, India, December 2022 -August 2023
Authors: Kokare Vikas , Rajput Anoop , Joshi Krupal , Parmar Kamlesh
Published: January 2025

Background: Theory examinations are widely used to assess learning in medical education. However, a lack of Standardization of assessment leads to incomplete assessment. Blueprinting of question papers can be a crucial tool for the maintenance of validity and uniformity of assessment. Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop an assessment blueprint for constructing question papers for the undergraduate anatomy curriculum. Methodology: The blueprint of the question paper for the anatomy curriculum was developed with the help of relative weightage assigned to each part or section of anatomy. The weightage of each part/region of anatomy was calculated with the help of hours allotted to that part for teaching and training purposes divided by the total hours assigned by NMC for the anatomy curriculum. The blueprint of the question paper was validated by experts. Results: The weightage of each part/section was calculated. Maximum weightage was given to 25.48% of the abdomen and pelvis followed by Head and Neck, 23.54%. The minimum weightage of 3.22% was given to general anatomy. Conclusion: An assessment blueprint can be a guiding tool for constructing a valid question paper with appropriate coverage of each subsection/part of the curriculum. It will solve the issue of over or underrepresentation of content.
Tobacco Cessation Centre - A Welcome move by Government of India
Authors: Nath Ravindra
Published: January 2025

I write to express my strong support for the recent establishment of Tobacco Cessation Clinics (TCCs) across medical institutions in India, a timely and commendable initiative by the Government of India as part of its Tobacco Free Youth Campaign 2.0. This move represents a crucial step forward in the fight against the tobacco epidemic that continues to claim millions of lives globally, with India accounting for a significant portion of this toll. By integrating TCCs into the healthcare infrastructure, the government is taking a bold, proactive stance to curb tobacco use and reduce the associated burden of disease, especially among the high-risk populations encountered in medical institutions.
Surgical Treatment Results in Tibia Pilon Fractures : About 32 Cases
Authors: Mansi Zied , Tounsi Abdelkader , Atef Ltifi , Chneti Islem , Rbai Hedi , Chermiti Wajdi , Haggui Ali , Zaidi Bacem , Gazzah Wael
Published: January 2025

The Study carried out a retrospective study of a series of 32 cases of tibial pilon fractures, treated surgically in the traumatology-othopedia department of the IBN EL JAZZAR Hospital in KAIROUAN, over a period of 8 years from January 2014. to December 2021.
The fracture of the tibial pilon affects young active subjects, with an average age of 42 years, and a male predominance, the sex ratio M/F equal to 2.2 The common causes of high energy truama were : fall from height 47 % followed by public road accidents at 31.25%. Anteroposterior view and lateral x-rays of the ankl we use ankle series to confirm the diagnosis; AP, Lateral and Mortise view to confirm the diagnosis, and to analyze the different morphology of the fracture. Surgical treatment by open osteosynthesis was carried out in 65% of cases; combined treatment means; and closed treatment in 11% of cases. According to SOFCOT clinical criteria, functional results were good in 65% of cases, average in 25% of cases, and poor in 10% of cases. The analysis of our results showed a majority of good clinical and radiological functional results with open treatment: which showed its superiority compared to closed treatment; and combined treatment. Complications noted were infection; skin necrosis; algodystrophy.
Carapace Width and Weight Relationship and the Estimated Size at Sexual Maturity for Female Mud Crabs (Scylla serrata Forskål, 1775) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Croos Rukshan Calistus , Murugavel Deepak , Mahidha Naveenkumar , Muthuvel Arumugam , Shankar Kanchana
Published: January 2025

The mud crab, Scylla serrata lives in mangrove ecosystems and is widely distributed in the Indo-West-Pacific. The present work was aimed to reveal the carapace width-weight relationships of S. serrata and its size at sexual maturity for females from Vakarai, Valaichenai, Nasivanthivu, Panichankerny in Batticaloa districts, east coast of Sri Lanka. The crabs were collected through suitable traps and crab nets from November 2023 to January 2024. A total of 660 individuals were collected, their carapace length, width, and weight were measured, and their sexes male and female were identified. The sex ratio of total collected samples was 1:1.41. CL of S. serrata caught in these months ranged from 51 to 108 mm for males and 54 to 126 mm for females, whereas, the CW was 70 to 201 mm for males and 74 to 202 mm for females. The carapace length-weight relationships of total samples are shown in logarithmic equations: W = -7.5200 + 3.1310 Log CL for males and Log W = -7.7623 + 3.1853 Log CL for females. The carapace width-weight relationships are as follows: W = -5.9201+ 2.4440 Log CW for males and Log W = -5.3719 + 2.3231 Log CW for females. The b values of the carapace width-weight relationship, indicate a negative allometric growth pattern. Based on these findings during January the female crabs attain a larger mean size at maturity than in November and December by internal carapace width (ICW). This study explains about variation in mature and immature stages between the smallest to largest female crabs and also shows uneven growth in male and female crab.
APPLYING SEMI-SUPERVISED FUZZY C-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED ON COLLABORATIVE CLUSTERING MODEL FOR LANDCOVER CLASSIFICATION FROM LANDSAT-7 IMAGERY
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Mai Dinh Sinh
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of artificial satellites has led to an explosion of remote sensing data sources. Centralized storage of large data sources is becoming increasingly complex, and decentralized storage solutions on distributed systems are increasingly gaining attention. Traditional data mining techniques have become obsolete and are no longer suitable for solving large, multidimensional, distributed data problems. These data sets, for some reasons such as security, data transmission, privacy, etc., cannot be shared directly between computers but can only share information about cluster structure. This paper presents a semi-supervised fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on the collaborative clustering model (CSFCM) on distributed systems applied to the problem of land cover classification from remote sensing data. The proposed model aims to solve the problem of land cover classification where remote sensing data is decentralized and stored on a distributed system of computers connected via the network. Experiments on four optical satellite image datasets show that the proposed method provides significantly better results in both classification quality and classification time compared to local clustering on individual datasets. This result suggests that developing collaborative model-based data analysis algorithms can help solve the problem of remote or distributed remote sensing image data analysis.
INVESTIGATION OF THE VERTICAL GROUND MOTION EFFECTS ON THE SEISMIC RESPONSES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Authors:   Le Quy Don Technical University, Ha Van Luong
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the effects of vertical ground motion on the seismic responses of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Conventional seismic design primarily focuses on horizontal ground motions, often neglecting the significant impacts of vertical accelerations. This study begins with a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of vertical ground motion, thereby enhancing the understanding of these loads. A numerical analysis is performed on a typical multistorey RC building model to evaluate the impact of vertical ground motion on internal forces, specifically axial forces in column elements and bending moments in beam elements. The findings show that vertical ground motion can result in substantial increases in internal forces, which may necessitate revisions to current design practices. This study emphasizes the importance of considering vertical ground motion in the seismic-resistant design of RC structures to ensure safety and structural integrity.
The Impact of a School Principal’s Leadership Style on the School Climate
Authors:   Philippine Women’s University, MONTALES DAVID BOWIE U.
Published: January 2025

The transition from remote learning to face-to-face classes has presented many challenges for teachers worldwide. In this context, this study aims to determine the level of difficulties teachers experience during the transition to face-to-face classes in highly urbanized schools in Central Philippines School Year 2022-2023. The data needed for this descriptive study was collected from 96 junior high school teachers using a researcher-made questionnaire that passed the duly validated and reliability test. The statistical tools used were frequency count, percentage distribution, mean, and Mann-Whitney U Test. The level of difficulty of teachers during the transition to face-to-face classes, according to parent-teacher partnership and classroom management is moderate in difficulty. Whereas, instructional delivery, utilization of instructional tools, and learning assessment are low. When grouped according to profile variables, no significant difference was shown in the level of difficulties of teachers, particularly in three study domains: parent-teacher partnership, classroom management, and utilization of instructional tools. However, there was a significant difference between the study variable of highest educational attainment in instructional delivery and average family monthly income in the learning assessment. The study results call for an intervention plan and additional training programs to support teachers during the significant shift in the teaching modalities.
Keywords: Education, difficulty, transition, teachers, Negros Occidental, Philippines
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TEST WITH RECOMBINANT TUBERCULOSIS ALLERGEN AND THE MANTOUX TEST IN TB DIAGNOSIS IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PEOPLE
Authors:   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh, Russia, Stogova N.A.
Published: January 2025

Objective: to compare the effectiveness of immunodiagnosis of TB in elderly and senile people using the test with
the recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA) and the Mantoux test with 2 TU PPD-L. Materials and methods. We used
case history data for 2011–2022 to analyze results of TB detection using skin tests with tuberculin and RTA in 541 patients,including those with established pulmonary TB: 75 patients aged 60–89, 239 patients aged 18–44, and 227 patients with
non-tuberculous pulmonary diseases aged 60–89 years. Among them were 319 (59%) male patients and 222 (41%)
female patients. The Mantoux test and RTA test were simultaneously performed on both forearms before TB treatment.
HIV-positive patients were not included in the study. Results. We established that sensitivity of the Mantoux test was 60%
in elderly and senile people, and 89.5% in young people, while sensitivity of the RTA test was 46.7% in elderly and senile
people, and 66.1% in young people. Among elderly and senile people false-positive reactions to the Mantoux test were
observed in 25 (33.3%) and to the RTA test – in 36 (48%) out of 75 patients; among young people – 17 (48%) and 71 (29.7%)
out of 239 patients, respectively. Simultaneous injections of both tests in elderly and senile people demonstrated concordant
positive reactions in 32 (42.7%), concordant negative reactions – in 22 (29.3%), indeterminate reactions – in one (1.3%),
and discordant reactions – in 20 (26.7%) out of 75 patients. Conclusion. Sensitivity of immunological skin tests for TB
detection in elderly and senile people was lower than in young people. Considering high incidence of false-negative
reactions and discordance in reactions to the Mantoux test and RTA test in elderly and senile people, it is advisable to
simultaneously perform tests on both forearms to detect positive reaction to any of the tests followed by extensive
examination for TB.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MULTI- AND EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Giller D.B. , Saenko S.S. ,   Regional Clinical Centre of Phthisiopulmonology, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Shcherbakova G.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia 2, Enilenis I.I. ,   I.M. Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Kesaev O.Sh. ,   I.M. Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Gerasimov A.N. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Moscow, Russia, Daudova Dzh.G. ,   I.M. Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

The review addresses the pressing issue of managing multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)
tuberculosis. It presents data concerning the efficacy of surgical interventions for treating MDR and XDR tuberculosis, along
with insights into the prevalence of postoperative complications and mortality rates within the presented patient cohort.
AI and Artists: Navigating Ethics, Regulation, and the Impact of AI on Artistic Practice
Authors: Selhi Reema
Published: January 2025

Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have captured public interest, especially with the advent of generative AI technologies like ChatGPT and Dall-E. These tools, which create text, images, and videos rapidly and often for free, promise transformative impacts on society, economy, and culture. However, for artists, generative AI raises significant practical, ethical, and philosophical questions. A 2023 survey by DACS revealed artists’ concerns about AI’s impact on their work, data privacy, and the spread of misinformation. While some see AI as a positive tool, many demand safeguards and regulations, emphasising the need for consent and compensation when AI uses their work.
Expanding Drug Indications: Strategic Lifecycle Management vs. Evergreening in SGLT2 Inhibitors
Authors: Shimmura Kazuhisa
Published: January 2025

In the rapidly evolving pharmaceutical industry, Lifecycle Management (LCM) strategies are critical for maximizing the profitability and extending the market life of drugs. This study investigates the strategic importance of expanding indications for sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors before the expiration of their foundational patents. By analyzing these pre-expiration strategies, the balance between genuine innovation and strategic evergreening is addressed. The analysis covers the legal, regulatory, and clinical dimensions of indication expansions across the US, EU, and Japan, contrasting with the traditional focus on LCM strategies post-patent expiration.
Call to Action Industry Article: Start-up IP in Academic Private Sector Partnerships - Who Owns it Really?
Authors: Tkachenko Kristine
Published: January 2025

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Linked Open Archives (LOA): Uma experiência de Interação em Grafos para Acervos Arquivísticos na Web
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo , Miranda Jair Martins de , Filgueiras Alison
Published: January 2025

O artigo apresenta o protótipo da plataforma Linked Open Archives (LOA), que combina grafos de conhecimento e tecnologias da web semântica para organizar e visualizar acervos arquivísticos a partir da ontologia Records in Contexts (RiC-O). O LOA permite a exploração interativa de documentos históricos, conectando entidades e relações e permitindo a busca e navegação com grafos interativos e consultas SPARQL. A pesquisa oferece insights sobre o uso de grafos interativos na visualização e interação humano-dados.
Um convite à Interação Humano-Dados – qualidades feministas desde a página inicial
Authors: Bim Sílvia Amélia , Oliveira Rodrigo , Salgado Luciana
Published: January 2025

Um dos desafios da área de Interação Humano-Dados é promover a Literacia de Dados. Acreditamos que um ambiente acolhedor, construído a partir de qualidades da IHC Feminista, pode despertar o interesse das pessoas em desenvolver as habilidades necessárias para a construção da Literacia de Dados. Desta forma, neste artigo trazemos o exemplo de uma experiência de avaliação do primeiro protótipo de uma plataforma de dados abertos sobre equidade de gênero em posições de liderança na área de STEM. O relato está situado no contexto de um projeto de pesquisa que envolve três países da América Latina. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de contemplar o pluralismo desde a página inicial da plataforma.
Interação humano-dados no contexto de recomendação para desenvolvedores de projetos de software open-source do GitHub
Authors: Constantino Kattiana , Prates Raquel , Figueiredo Eduardo
Published: January 2025

A colaboração ativa é essencial para o sucesso de projetos de software em todo o ciclo de vida do desenvolvimento. Infelizmente, em plataformas de codificação social, como o GitHub, ainda é desafiador para os desenvolvedores identificar potenciais colaboradores e por conseguinte, melhorar a qualidade das contribuições. Para esse fim, implementamos estratégias de recomendação de desenvolvedores, apoiadas por uma ferramenta visual e interativa, chamada COOPFINDER, para conectar colaboradores com base em um conjunto de arquivos de seus interesses. Além disso, a ferramenta fornece metadados e vincula diferentes atributos que não podem ser analisados usando a interface do GitHub, facilitando a tomada de decisão dos colaboradores.
Mechanical and Microwave Absorption Properties of Exfoliated Graphite and Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles on Polyvinylidene Fluoride Thin Films
Authors: LEKKAIYAN BASKARAN Thamil Amudhu , RAMALINGAM Vimal Samsingh , SUNDARSINGH Esther Florence , CHANDRAN Arun Prakash
Published: January 2025

This study presents a simple and efficient method for the development of thin polymer composite films for use in absorbing electromagnetic waves at X-band frequencies. The thin film composites were fabricated by solution casting technique by incorporating the exfoliated graphite, and manganese ferrite nanoparticles into the polyvinylidene fluoride matrix. The composite film consisting of both 3 wt.% of MnFe2O4 and exfoliated graphite/PVDF showed better absorption properties and achieved a minimum reflection loss of –30.54 at 9.62 GHz in the 8 – 12 GHz frequency range. This synergistic effect of the film was attributed to its β-phase formation, multiple-reflection-absorption effect, and the conduction of fillers at their interfaces. Finally, the mechanical and absorption characteristics of the fabricated thin film composites were also investigated. The results indicated that these composite films hold potential for use in microwave absorption applications in the X band.
Is the Youth Vote Liberal?
Authors: Cook Zachary
Published: January 2025

Young Americans are not reliable liberals. But drawing from over one hundred surveys from the present day back to the Great Depression, and from interviews with campaign professionals from the Barack Obama and Bernie Sanders campaigns, Zachary Cook argues that across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, younger Americans have more faith in the power of government to provide better economic outcomes for all, and to effectively regulate business – if the right politicians can be found to do it. While older voters grow more skeptical about the federal government’s power to oversee the private sector, youth are more idealistic about the power of government to “do more,” even while they may distrust current politicians in office. Younger voters are not hostile to capitalism. They do not feel they have to choose sides between big government and big business. Given the current two-party system, this potential trust in the power of government works in the Democrats’ favor when appealing to the youth vote.
Urinary Catheter Causing Paracentesis-induced Circulatory Dysfunction
Authors: Assis José Guilherme , Rua Joana
Published: January 2025

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to acute-on-chronic liver failure with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. About six liters of a yellow, turbid fluid were collected via indwelling urinary catheter (UC) overnight. He subsequently developed neurological and cardiac dysfunctions. Imaging confirmed bladder perforation and intraperitoneal placement of the UC, establishing the diagnosis of paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction due to unintended ascitic fluid drainage. He was stabilized with albumin replacement. The UC was removed, and the bladder injury resolved spontaneously. Discussion: This case depicts a rare complication of urinary catheterization, which underscores the need for careful monitoring and prompt intervention to effectively manage unexpected catheter-related issues.
Challenges in Diagnosis and Management of Altered Mental Status in the Setting of Urosepsis and Hydrocephalus Secondary to an Occlusive Cyst of the Fourth Ventricle: A Case Report
Authors: Van Ligten Matthew , Hudson Miles , Parker Jonathon , Martini Wayne
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Hydrocephalus presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its diverse clinical manifestations and underlying causes. Symptoms can vary from feelings of unsteadiness to focal symptoms such as weakness, difficulty ambulating, or urinary incontinence. Due to the wide variety of symptoms, hydrocephalus can present a difficult diagnosis for any physician and may require different interventions depending on the underlying cause. Case Report: This case report highlights a 69-year-old female with altered mental status, initially diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus and sepsis. The patient’s symptoms, including confusion, urinary dysfunction, and gait ataxia, initially masked the hydrocephalus, emphasizing the importance of considering this condition in patients with prolonged progression of neurological deficits. Brain imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), facilitated the diagnosis, suggesting hydrocephalus with downward tonsillar herniation. The acute management involved empirical antibiotic therapy for associated sepsis, followed by the placement of an external ventricular drain for cerebrospinal fluid diversion and sampling, including cytology and cell counts, given the concern for tonsillar herniation with a lumbar puncture. Cine MRI and CT cisternogram demonstrated a cyst filling the volume of the fourth ventricle. Subsequent surgical fenestration of the cyst using a suboccipital craniotomy for cyst resection alleviated symptoms and stabilized ventricular size. Conclusion: Hydrocephalus can present with unique and varying symptoms, and it can have a variety of underlying causes. This case underscores the necessity for individualized treatment approaches tailored to the underlying etiology of hydrocephalus, including temporizing measures and more aggressive approaches once infection has improved.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Limbah Sampah Rumah Tangga Menjadi Eco-Enzim Di Kelurahan Trimurjo
Authors: Mariana Erni , Kinasih Ayang , Wardany Kusuma , Rosyidah Ummi , Qomariyah Siti
Published: January 2025

Garbage is one of the main causes of environmental problems and can damage the balance of the ecosystem. Trimurjo Subdistrict has a lot of organic waste. The objectives of this service are as follows: 1) provide and introduce techniques for converting household organic vegetable waste into eco-enzymes; 2) increase awareness of the importance of converting household waste into economically profitable products. In Trimurjo District, housewives receive direct instructions on how to make eco-enzymes from organic waste. The community, especially housewives, will learn to make eco-enzymes. The brown color and aroma of fermentation will indicate that they are made. After that, the eco-enzyme is processed to produce room fragrance products. The results of this service are: 1). This program has also succeeded in encouraging the community to develop new organic waste processing methods. The results of the response questionnaire that has been explained show that partners are very interested in providing community service. 2). This outreach program succeeded in increasing public awareness about managing organic waste in an environmentally friendly manner.
Kegiatan Perlombaan Bulan Muharram Sebagai Motivasi Anak-Anak Di Desa Taba Lagan
Authors: Arrizqi Hasbi , Mubarok Muhammad Mufti , Andini Riski , Silvira Sofi
Published: January 2025

The Islamic New Year, known as 1 Muharram, is an important event in the Hijri calendar that marks the beginning of the new year for Muslims. This celebration commemorates the migration of the Prophet Muhammad SAW from Mecca to Medina, an event that is not only religiously significant, but also socially and politically. Islamic New Year is a moment of reflection and self-evaluation for Muslims, where they are reminded to increase their worship, strengthen ties of brotherhood, and renew their commitment to carrying out religious teachings. In a modern context, this celebration is also often characterized by social, educational and cultural activities aimed at strengthening Islamic identity amidst the dynamics of global society. Through a deeper understanding of the meaning and value of the Islamic New Year, it is hoped that Muslims can continue to move forward with hope and clear goals. The article was written to find out how effective the Muharram Competition activities are for understanding in depth and increasing religious knowledge. The approach used is to use an educational scientific perspective, especially religious science. The results of this research show that competition activities in the month of Muharram have a significant effect, with children's competitions motivating children and becoming more enthusiastic and interested in studying Islam.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Desa Lawang Agung Dalam Program Senam Sehat Setiap Hari Jumat
Authors: Riswati Riga , Ulfah Lendra , Muryaningsih Azizah , Oktariani Hesty , Anggraini Kirana Widya , Artandi Muhammad , Aditya Muhammad , Kirana Indira
Published: January 2025

This athletic endeavor has two goals: the first is to improve the body's resistance or immunity, and the second is to build the social relationships that exist amongst the people who live in Lawang Agung Village. The ABCD technique is the methodology that was used in this research. This method entails the creation of sporting activities and the active engagement of inhabitants of Lawang Agung Village, which is situated in Seluma Regency, Bengkulu. In order to ensure that the event was a success, the execution of this activity was carried out at the Lawang Agung Village Office, which is situated in the Seluma Regency of Bengkulu. This activity had a beneficial effect, as seen by the elevated level of excitement displayed by the community. The information provided by this service suggests that there are still a significant number of individuals who have never engaged in any kind of morning exercise. This is the primary reason for organizing sporting activities, particularly for the residents of Lawang Agung Village, which is situated in the Seluma Regency of Bengkulu. We believe that by participating in this activity, we will be able to inspire a greater number of people to take part in sporting activities that will help them maintain their health and improve their fitness levels. It is anticipated that the whole community of Lawang Agung Village, which is situated in Seluma Regency, Bengkulu, would be made aware of the significance of morning exercise as a component of a healthy lifestyle. This is done in order to ensure that it may bring about positive advantages to the welfare and health of all individuals from the community.
Meningkatkan Partisipasi Remaja Islam Masjid (RISMA) Al-Muttaqin Terhadap Kegiatan Keagamaan Di Dusun Ii Pondok Kubang
Authors: Chotima Indah Husnil , Ismil Aulia , Fitra Deva Amalia , Agriani Salwa Eka , Salsabilla Sakinah Aulya , Rambe Novia Ratna Sari , Shintia Shintia , Adillah Dzakiyah , Erdiansyah M. Alif , Akbar M. Riski , Ishfahandi Adib Rovi
Published: January 2025

Real Work Lecture (KKN) is a program that involves students to actively participate in problems faced by the community. In addition, KKN functions as a means to showcase student initiatives in lectures with their applications in the community. Mosque-Based KKN is one type of KKN offered by Fatmawati Soekarno Bengkulu. Mosque-based KKN is carried out in a mosque-based area with the aim of increasing mosque activities to support the spread of the Islamic Message and mobilizing the community in development through various activities that can involve, include, and grow the community. The purpose of this study is to find and increase participation. The result of this activity is to reactivate the Islamic Youth Mosque (RISMA) of the Al-Muttaqin Mosque in Dusun II, Pondok Kubang Village, which was previously vacant with the election of a new administrator. The active RISMA Al-Muttaqin Mosque participated in collaborating with KKN students while serving in Pondok Kubang Village.