bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Academics of a University in Midwest Brazil
Authors: Rezende Ana Paula Rodrigues , Alvarenga Fernanda Rassi , Ramos Marcelo , Franken Débora Luiza , Dias da Costa Juvenal Soares , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal , Paniz Vera Maria Vieira
Published: February 2022

Objective To investigate the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in university students, the factors associated with PMS, the most prevalent symptoms, and the interference of symptoms in academic, family, social, and work activities.

Methods This cross-sectional study included 1,115 university students aged ≥ 18 years from the University of Rio Verde, Goiás. Premenstrual syndrome and PMDD were identified using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool. Associations with sociodemographic, behavioral, reproductive, nutritional, and health factors were investigated using the Poisson regression.

Results The prevalence of PMS was 46.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44.0–49.8), and of PMDD, 11.1% (95% CI 9.3–13.0). The most prevalent symptoms were physical, such as breast tenderness, bloating, e weight gain (73%); followed by psychological ones such as overeating/food cravings, tearful/more sensitive to rejection (> 60%). More than 30% of the patients reported that the symptoms interfered in a moderate-to-severe way in their social and academic activities. After adjusted analysis, PMS was more prevalent in those who were attending the 1st/2nd semester of college (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.14–1.80), those who consumed alcohol in the last 30 days (PR 1.23; 95% CI 1.04–1.47), and those who had depression (PR 1.49; 95% CI 1.30–1.71).

Conclusion Almost half of the university students had PMS and ∼ 11%, PMDD. Physical symptoms were the most common and interfered in a moderate-to-severe way in various aspects of life. Attending the first semesters, consuming alcohol, and having depression were risk factors for PMS. The identification of risk factors for PMS is essential to prevent symptoms and reduce the impact of the syndrome.
Habits of Genital Hygiene and Sexual Activity among Women with Bacterial Vaginosis and/or Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Bardin Marcela Grigol , Giraldo Paulo César , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna , Sanches José Marcos , Araujo Camila Carvalho de , Amaral Rose Luce Gomes do
Published: February 2022

Objective To evaluate genital hygiene among women with and without bacterial vaginosis (BV) and/or vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).

Methods A cross-sectional study of reproductive-aged women who underwent gynecological and laboratory tests and fulfilled a genital hygiene questionnaire.

Results This study evaluated 166 healthy controls and 141 women diagnosed with either BV (n = 72), VVC (n = 61), or both (n = 8). The use of intimate soap and moist wipes after urination was more frequent among healthy women (p = 0.042 and 0.032, respectively). Compared to controls, bactericidal soap was more used by women with BV (p = 0.05).

Conclusion Some hygiene habits were associated to BV and/or VVC. Clinical trials should address this important issue in women's health.
Colposcopic Findings and Diagnosis in Low-Income Brazilian Women with ASC-H pap Smear Results
Authors: Maffini Cibele Feroldi , Collaço Luiz Martins , Sebastião Ana Paula Martins , Zanine Rita Maira
Published: February 2022

Objective To determine the accuracy of colposcopy findings in diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women with an atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) pap smear result and analyze whether the prevalence of HSIL and cancer correlates with sociodemographic risk factors and specific colposcopic findings.

Methods Colposcopic findings and sociodemographic risk factors were analyzed as possible predictors of a CIN 2 or worse diagnosis in women with an ASC-H pap smear result.

Results Accuracy of the colposcopic impression was 92%, sensitivity was 91.6%, and specificity was 93.1%, with a positive predictive value of 96.4% and negative predictive value of 84.3%. Diagnosis of CIN 2 or worse was more frequent in patients with a previous history of cervical dysplasia and pre-menopausal patients. Identification of major colposcopic findings, dense acetowhite epithelium, coarse mosaicism, and punctuation correlated significantly with CIN 2 or worse.

Conclusion Colposcopy performed by an experienced examiner can accurately differentiate patients with CIN 1 or less from patients with CIN 2 or worse. Diagnosis of CIN 2 or worse was more frequent in patients with a previous history of cervical dysplasia and pre-menopausal patients. The degree of acetowhite changes was the best colposcopic feature to predict CIN2 or worse.
Transcutaneous Nerve Electrostimulation (TENS) in Pain Relief During Labor: A Scope Review
Authors: Reis Carla Cristina Silveira dos , Dias Leandro da Cunha , Carvalho Lorena Bezerra , Junior Lourivaldo Bispo Alves , Imoto Aline Mizusaki
Published: February 2022

Objective To map health evidence on the effectiveness of transcutaneous nerve electrostimulation (TENS) therapy in pain relief during delivery.

Methods This is a scoping review in the PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, VHL, PEDRO, and SciELO databases, through the descriptors electric stimulation, transcutaneous and labor, obstetric and their synonyms.

Results A total of 263 studies were identified, of which 54 duplicates were excluded. After sorting by titles and abstracts, there were 24 articles for reading, remaining 6. The six studies evaluated the reduction of pain through the visual analogue scale (VAS).

Conclusion The findings indicate that the use of TENS as a nonpharmacological strategy for pain relief in labor has positive results.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gynecological Health: An Integrative Review
Authors: Marquini Gisele Vissoci , Martins Sérgio Brasileiro , Oliveira Letícia Maria , Dias Márcia Maria , Takano Claudia Cristina , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira
Published: February 2022

Objective To analyze the existing scientific literature to find out if the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has an effect on gynecological health.

Search Strategy We performed an integrative review of articles published between April 2020 and April 2021 on the PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases, using COVID-19 and the following relevant terms: Menstrual change; Ovarian function; Violence against women; Contraception; HPV; Mental health; and Urogynecology.

Selection Criteria Among the eligible studies found, editorials and primary research articles, which describe the dynamics between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection (the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic) and gynecological health, were included.

Data Collection and Analysis Through qualitative synthesis, data were extracted from the included publications and from guidelines of national and international societies of gynecology.

Main Results The 34 publications included in the present study showed that some factors of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and, consequently, the COVID-19 pandemic, might be associated with menstrual abnormalities, effects on contraception, alterations in steroid hormones, changes in urogynecological care, effects on women's mental health, and negative impact on violence against women.

Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the health of women. The scientific community encourages the development of recommendations for specialized care for women and strategies to prevent and respond to violence during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report with Radiological–Pathological Correlation
Authors: Chandel Karamvir , Lal Anupam , Srinivas Rohit K. , Chatterjee Debajyoti , Gupta Vikas
Published: February 2022

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the biliary system, specifically the gallbladder (GB), are extremely rare, accounting for only 0.2% of all NETs. The majority of GBNETs are discovered by chance during a histological examination of GB samples at autopsy, after cholecystectomy, or after surgery for other suspected biliary pathology. GBNETs are thought to develop from preexisting endocrine cells in the GB's neck or from induced endocrine cells caused by intestinal metaplasia of the body and fundus. We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the GB with neuroendocrine differentiation due to its rarity.
Salvage Nipple-sparing Mastectomy for Patients with Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Case Series of Brazilian Patients
Authors: Frasson Antônio Luiz , Lichtenfels Martina , Barbosa Fernanda , Souza Alessandra Borba Anton de , Falcone Ana Beatriz , Miranda Isabela , Vollbrecht Betina , Malhone Carolina , Tariki José Yoshikazu
Published: February 2022

Objective Few studies analyzed the safety of salvage nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) for local relapse treatment. We evaluated the outcomes of patients with indications for mastectomy who chose to undergo NSM for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR).

Methods Between January 2001 and December 2018, we evaluated 24 women who underwent NSM for local relapse after conservative surgery.

Results The patients were followed up for a mean time of 132 months since the first surgery. After the NSM, 5 (20.8%) patients were diagnosed with local recurrence and only 1 (4.2%) patient died. The patients presented 4.8% (2) of partial and 2.4% (1) of total nipple necrosis.

Conclusion In this long-term follow-up since the first surgery, we observed low rates of complication and good survival, although associated with high local recurrence in patients diagnosed with IBTR undergoing NSM as salvage surgery. We demonstrated that NSM may be considered after IBTR for patients who did not want to undergo total mastectomy.
Characterization of self-magnetic pinch (SMP) radiographic diode performance on RITS-6 at Sandia National Laboratories. I. Diode dynamics, DC heating to extend radiation pulse
Authors: Renk T. J. , Oliver B. V. , Kiefer M. L. , Webb T. J. , Leckbee J. J. , Johnston M. D. , Simpson S. , Mazarakis M. G.
Published: February 2022

Radiographic diodes focus on an intense electron beam to a small spot size to minimize the source area of energetic photons for radiographic interrogation. The self-magnetic pinch (SMP) diode has been developed as such a source and operated as a load for the six-cavity radiographic integrated test stand (RITS-6) inductive voltage adder driver. While experiments support the generally accepted conclusion that a 1:1 aspect diode (cathode diameter equals anode–cathode gap) delivers optimum SMP performance, such experiments also show that reducing the cathode diameter, while reducing spot size, also results in reduced radiation dose, by as much as 50%, and degraded shot reproducibility. Analysis of the effective electron impingement angle on the anode converter with time made possible by a newly developed dose-rate array diagnostic indicates that fast-developing oscillations of the angle are correlated with early termination of the radiation pulse on many of the smaller-diameter SMP shots. This behavior as a function of relative cathode size persists through experiments with output voltages and currents up to 11.5 MV and 225 kA, respectively, and with spot sizes below approximately few millimeters. Since simulations to date have not predicted such oscillatory behavior, considerable discussion of the angle behavior of SMP shots is made to lend credence to the inference. There is clear anecdotal evidence that DC heating of the SMP diode region leads to stabilization of this oscillatory behavior. This is the first of two papers on the performance of the SMP diode on the RITS-6 accelerator.
Heterocyclic azides: advances in their chemistry
Authors: Bakulev V. A. , Shafran Yu. M. , Beliaev N. A. , Beryozkina T. V. , Volkova N. N. , Joy M. N. , Fan Zh.
Published: February 2022

This is the first systematic review on the synthesis and reactions of heterocyclic azides with acetylene and acetonitrile derivatives, alkenes, enamines and dicarbonyl compounds. Examples are given for the application of these reactions to the synthesis of mono-, bi- and tricyclic compounds and ensembles of various heterocycles, e.g., azines and azoles (including 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and nonaromatic 1,2,3-triazolines), amidines and diazo compounds. Methods for the synthesis of supramolecular structures, coordination compounds, ligands, bioconjugates and biologically active compounds based on reactions with heterocyclic azides are considered. The review describes the use of these transformations in biological chemistry to study processes in living systems, as well as in materials chemistry for the production of luminophores and sensors for metals. Original studies published mainly over the past 15 years are discussed.
 The bibliography includes 222 references.
Improving access for the vulnerable: a mixed-methods feasibility study of a pop-up model of care in south-eastern Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Russell Grant , Westbury Susannah , Clifford Sharon , Sturgiss Elizabeth , Fragkoudi Anna , Macindoe Rob , Stuart Deborah , Kunin Marina , Walsh Jill , Scott Cathie
Published: February 2022

Access to appropriate health and social care is challenging for vulnerable populations. We used a ‘pop-up’ delivery model to bring community-based services in contact with communities with poor access to health and social care. Our aim was to examine whether pop-up events improve access to essential health and social support services for selected vulnerable communities and increase collaboration between community-based health and social services. Set in south-eastern Melbourne, two pop-up events were held, one with people at risk of homelessness attending a community lunch and the other with South Sudanese women helping at-risk youth. Providers represented 20 dental, housing, justice, employment and mental health services. We made structured observations of each event and held semi-structured interviews with consumers and providers. Pre-post surveys of managers assessed acceptability and perceived impact. We reached 100 community participants who had multiple needs, particularly for dentistry. Following the events, participants reported increased knowledge of services and access pathways, community members spoke of increased trust and partnerships between service providers were fostered. The pop-up model can increase provider collaboration and provide new options for vulnerable populations to access needed services. ‘Bringing the service to the person’ is a compelling alternative to asking consumers to negotiate complex access pathways.
A multiomic study uncovers a bZIP23-PER1A–mediated detoxification pathway to enhance seed vigor in rice
Authors: Wang Wei-Qing , Xu Ding-Yi , Sui Ya-Ping , Ding Xiao-Hui , Song Xian-Jun
Published: February 2022

Seed vigor in crops is important in terms of improving grain quality and germplasm conservation; however, little is known about its regulatory mechanisms through the encoded proteome and gene network. Comparative analyses of transcriptome (RNA sequencing [RNA-seq]) and broadly targeted metabolic profiling of two subspecific rice cultivars with distinct seed vigor during accelerated aging revealed various biological pathways and metabolic processes as key influences explaining trait differences. RNA-seq coexpression regulatory network analyses identified several transcription factors, including bZIP23 and bZIP42, that act as nodes in the gene network. Importantly, transgenic seeds of overexpression of
bZIP23
enhanced seed vigor, whereas its gene knockout reduced seed vigor, suggesting that the protein it encodes functions as a positive regulator. Similarly, overexpression and knockout of
PER1A
that encodes a key player in the detoxification pathway enhanced and decreased seed vigor, respectively. We further demonstrated a direct interaction of the
PER1A
promoter with bZIP23 in seeds, which activates the expression of
PER1A
, and the genetic evidence suggested that
bZIP23
most likely functions in a common pathway with and acts upstream of
PER1A
to modulate seed vigor. In addition, the control of seed vigor by the bZIP23-PER1A module was connected with that of the abscisic acid signaling pathway. Collectively, we revealed the genetic architecture of variation in seed vigor and uncovered the bZIP23-PER1A–mediated detoxification pathway that enhances the trait in rice.
Molecular mechanisms underlying metamorphosis in the most-ancestral winged insect
Authors: Okude Genta , Moriyama Minoru , Kawahara-Miki Ryouka , Yajima Shunsuke , Fukatsu Takema , Futahashi Ryo
Published: February 2022

Significance

As caterpillars metamorphose to butterflies, insects change their appearance dramatically through metamorphosis. Some insects have an immobile pupal stage for morphological remodeling (homometaboly). Other insects, such as cockroaches, have no pupal stage, and the juveniles and adults are morphologically similar (hemimetaboly). Notably, among the most-ancestral hemimetabolous insects, dragonflies drastically alter their appearance from aquatic nymphs to aerial adults. In dragonflies, we showed that transcription factors
Kr-h1
and
E93
are essential for regulating metamorphosis as in other insects, while
broad
, the master gene for pupation in holometabolous insects, regulates a number of both nymph-specific genes and adult-specific genes, providing insight into what evolutionary trajectory the key transcription factor
broad
has experienced before ending up with governing pupation and holometaboly.
Casein kinase 1 and disordered clock proteins form functionally equivalent, phospho-based circadian modules in fungi and mammals
Authors: Marzoll Daniela , Serrano Fidel E. , Shostak Anton , Schunke Carolin , Diernfellner Axel C. R. , Brunner Michael
Published: February 2022

Significance

Circadian clocks rely on negative feedback loops. The core circadian inhibitors, FRQ in
Neurospora
and PERs in animals, are progressively hyperphosphorylated, inactivated, and degraded. CK1 is essential for these clocks. Despite our knowledge of the role of CK1, it is not known how many other kinases are required and how multisite phosphorylation might contribute to circadian timekeeping. We show here that CK1 alone is sufficient to slowly phosphorylate low-affinity sites in FRQ or PER2. The reaction is nearly temperature compensated, and the phosphorylation state of FRQ or PER2 corresponds to the time elapsed since the start of the reaction. Thus, CK1 and FRQ or PER2 form equivalent modules that are in principle capable of measuring time on a circadian scale.
ERK signaling dissolves ERF repression condensates in living embryos
Authors: Weaver Claire J. , Patel Aleena L. , Shvartsman Stanislav Y. , Levine Michael S. , Treen Nicholas
Published: February 2022

Significance

Transcriptional repression is essential for correct gene expression, and failure to repress genes appropriately is associated with many diseases. Recently, evidence is accumulating that phase separation is an important component of transcriptional repression. We show that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal responsive repressor, Ets-2 repressive factor (ERF) is capable of forming condensates and that phosphorylation of ERF causes these condensates to dissolve. This provides a mechanism for how signal-dependent derepression can occur, and similar processes are likely to occur in other signaling pathways. Additionally, we document the dynamic dissolution and reformation of condensates during a single interphase in coordination with the export/import of ERF. This demonstrates an example of how nuclear condensates can function.
Commentary Article: Study Protocol for the Respond to Prevent Study: A Multi-State Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve Provision of Naloxone, Buprenorphine and Nonprescription Syringes in Community Pharmacies
Authors: Green Traci C. , Bratberg Jeffrey , Irwin Adriane N. , Boggis Jesse , Gray Mary , Leichtling Gillian , Bolivar Derek , Floyd Anthony , Al-Jammali Zain , Arnold Jenny , Hansen Ryan , Hartung Daniel
Published: February 2022

Access to the opioid antidote naloxone is a critical component of addressing the opioid crisis. Naloxone is a population-level prevention intervention associated with substantial reductions in overdose mortality and reduction of nonfatal overdose. Pharmacies’ pivotal role in dispensing medications like buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid use disorder and selling nonprescription syringes places them at the crossroads of opioid access and risk mitigation methods like naloxone provision. Testing ways to optimize pharmacy-based naloxone provision will be key as the country expands the implementation of naloxone through the medical system. In the Respond to Prevent Study, we conducted a large, practical study of a pharmacy-focused intervention in a sample of Washington, Oregon, Massachusetts and New Hampshire community chain pharmacies to increase naloxone dispensing and improve opioid safety. The intervention integrated two evidence-based educational toolkits and streamlined materials to enhance the focus on naloxone policy, stigma reduction, and patient communications around naloxone, nonprescription syringes and buprenorphine access. The real-world study implemented a stepped wedge, clustered randomized trial design across 175 community chain pharmacies to evaluate the effectiveness of the Respond to Prevent intervention in increasing: (a) pharmacy based naloxone distribution rates, naloxone-related patient engagement, and pharmacist and technicians’ attitudes, knowledge, perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy toward naloxone; and (b) pharmacy nonprescription syringe sales, and pharmacist and technicians’ attitudes, knowledge, perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy toward dispensing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder (secondary outcomes). This commentary provides a brief narrative about the study and presents insights on the design and adaptations to our study protocol, including those adopted during the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic further compounded by Western wildfires in 2020.
Fast and realistic 3D feature profile simulation platform for plasma etching process
Authors: Yook Yeong Geun , You Hae Sung , Park Jae Hyeong , Chang Won Seok , Kwon Deuk Chul , Yoon Jung Sik , Yoon Kook Hyun , Shin Sung Sik , Yu Dong Hun , Im Yeon Ho
Published: February 2022

We present a topographic simulation platform that simultaneously considers 3D surface movement, neutral and ion transport, and surface reactions in plasma high-aspect-ratio (HAR) oxide etching. The hash map data structure is considered for an effective 3D level-set algorithm with parallelized computations to calculate surface moving speed. Neutral and ion transport within nanoscale semiconductor geometry is parallelized with a graphics processing unit (GPU) so that the speedup ratio, as compared to a single central processing unit (CPU), is approximately 200. The surface reaction based on a two-layer model was incorporated into a 3D feature profile simulation platform with CPU parallelization. Finally, our simulation platform demonstrates that adaptive surface meshing can drastically decrease the computational load with a parallelized numerical platform.
A hybrid column generation and simulated annealing algorithm for direct aperture optimization
Authors: Mueller S , Guyer G , Risse T , Tessarini S , Aebersold D M , Stampanoni M F M , Fix M K , Manser P
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this work was to develop a hybrid column generation (CG) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm for direct aperture optimization (H-DAO) and to show its effectiveness in generating high quality treatment plans for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and mixed photon-electron beam radiotherapy (MBRT). The H-DAO overcomes limitations of the CG-DAO with two features improving aperture selection (branch-feature) and enabling aperture shape changes during optimization (SA-feature). The H-DAO algorithm iteratively adds apertures to the plan. At each iteration, a branch is created for each field provided. First, each branch determines the most promising aperture of its assigned field and adds it to a copy of the current apertures. Afterwards, the apertures of each branch undergo an MU-weight optimization followed by an SA-based simultaneous shape and MU-weight optimization and a second MU-weight optimization. The next H-DAO iteration continues the branch with the lowest objective function value. IMRT and MBRT treatment plans for an academic, a brain and a head and neck case generated using the CG-DAO and H-DAO were compared. For every investigated case and both IMRT and MBRT, the H-DAO leads to a faster convergence of the objective function value with number of apertures compared to the CG-DAO. In particular, the H-DAO needs about half the apertures to reach the same objective function value as the CG-DAO. The average aperture areas are 27% smaller for H-DAO than for CG-DAO leading to a slightly larger discrepancy between optimized and final dose. However, a dosimetric benefit remains. The H-DAO was successfully developed and applied to IMRT and MBRT. The faster convergence with number of apertures of the H-DAO compared to the CG-DAO allows to select a better compromise between plan quality and number of apertures.
Probing new physics at future tau neutrino telescopes
Authors: Huang Guo-Yuan , Jana Sudip , Lindner Manfred , Rodejohann Werner
Published: February 2022

We systematically investigate new physics scenarios that can modify the interactions between neutrinos and matter at upcoming tau neutrino telescopes, which will test neutrino-proton collisions with energies ≳ 45  TeV, and can provide unique insights to the elusive tau neutrino. At such high energy scales, the impact of parton distribution functions of second and third generations of quarks (usually suppressed) can be comparable to the contribution of first generation with small momentum fraction, hence making tau neutrino telescopes an excellent facility to probe new physics associated with second and third families. Among an inclusive set of particle physics models, we identify new physics scenarios at tree level that can give competitive contributions to the neutrino cross sections while staying within laboratory constraints: charged/neutral Higgs and leptoquarks. Our analysis is close to the actual experimental configurations of the telescopes, and we perform a χ2-analysis on the energy and angular distributions of the tau events. By numerically solving the propagation equations of neutrino and tau fluxes in matter, we obtain the sensitivities of representative upcoming tau neutrino telescopes, GRAND, POEMMA and Trinity, to the charged Higgs and leptoquark models. While each of the experiments can achieve a sensitivity better than the current collider reaches for certain models, their combination is remarkably complementary in probing the new physics. In particular, the new physics will affect the energy and angular distributions in different ways at those telescopes.
Overview of the VI International Conference on Advanced Agritechnologies, Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Development – AGRITECH-VI – 2021
Authors: Kovalev I V , Pyzhikova N I , Voroshilova A A , Shaporova Z E
Published: February 2022

The overview describes the main directions and results of the International Conference “AGRITECH-VI-2021” held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 18-20 November 2021. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings. The anchor partners of Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall were Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia and Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan. The Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” and Siberian Scientific Centre DNIT sponsored the Conference.
Studies of the features of vacuum drying of organic-mineral fertilizers
Authors: Monastyrskiy D I , Kulikova M A , Kolesnikova T A , Volchek A P
Published: February 2022

Abstact

The article presents the results of studies of drying of organic-mineral fertilizer. Drying options in various technological regimes are considered. Vacuum methods are used in drying materials because they provide good quality at high speeds. In this study, samples of organic-mineral fertilizers were dried at an absolute pressure of 65-75 Pa at a temperature of 50-70 ° C to assess the drying characteristics. The change in the mass proportion of water can be considered as one of the indicators of the effectiveness of vacuum drying of organic-mineral fertilizer. Optimal drying parameters were established when using a vacuum pump in a laboratory installation. The advantages of vacuum drying are revealed, consisting in reducing the process time by more than 2 times. The proposed model effectively predicts the moisture content in organic-mineral fertilizer during vacuum drying.
Sustainable development of ecological and economic use of agricultural land and water resources of the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Sodikov K A , Arabov F P , Bobohonzoda Kh R , Asomuddin K R , Fozilov Sh R
Published: February 2022

The authors of the article focus on the issues of sustainable ecological and economic development of agricultural land and water resources in the region. The formation and development of land resources in agriculture, in particular, its organizational, ecological, economic and technical state, have been analyzed. The main problems and reasons affecting the efficient use of irrigated lands have been investigated and the current state of land resources in agriculture has been analyzed. It has been determined that in order to prevent further degradation processes on agricultural lands and ensure the preservation of their fertility, it is necessary to strengthen state regulation of nature conservation activities at all levels. First of all, through the elements of institutional support, it is required to streamline the management functions in the field of land relations for the use, protection and protection of agricultural lands from degradation processes. The conceptual provisions of the formation of an ecological and economic mechanism for the protection of agricultural lands from degradation processes are substantiated, taking into account the legal, organizational, economic and social aspects of such formation. Modern reclamation technologies are proposed as agro biological methods of plant protection in conditions of aggravation of land degradation processes. The application of these provisions made it possible to form theoretical and methodological guidelines for building an ecological and economic mechanism for the use of land resources in agriculture, provides for the ordering of a set of elements, and the relationship of its main components, which are implemented in the form of tools, methods and technologies.
Technological indicators of winter wheat grain and flour, depending on the duration of germination
Authors: Vinogradov D V , Zubkova T V
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the research was to determine the technological parameters of winter wheat grain and flour obtained from moistened grain, depending on the duration of germination. It has been established that grain moistening leads to a significant deterioration of its technological properties. First of all, nature is significantly reduced. It becomes lower by 50 g already after 4 hours, and later by more than 100 g. The vitreousness of grain is almost 2 times reduced and the content of wet gluten is reduced by more than 5 %. Grain moistening does not lead to a decrease in the yield of flour, but the indicators of its whiteness change significantly, the acidity increases, and the content of crude gluten decreases. The technical and chemical parameters of flour, such as control gas production and gas retention capacity, are also reduced.
Impact of the competitive potential of fortified dairy products on ensuring the sustainability of promising food systems
Authors: Simonenkova A P , Demina E N , Luneva O N , Bychkova T S , Ilyukhina N A
Published: February 2022

Today the market situation is difficult: incomes of the population are falling, consumer activity is declining. The negative trend also affected the sales of dairy products. However, some products, such as milkshakes, are showing growth in sales despite the economic downturn. This segment is one of the largest in the dairy industry. Due to the pleasant organoleptic characteristics, full-fledged chemical composition, the ability to unlimitedly simulate the recipe composition, milkshakes are very popular among various categories of the population. To increase the competitiveness of the product, various fruit and berry fillings are often added, however, the production of a milkshake with the addition of fruits is limited by a rather short shelf life and sale. It is possible to solve this problem by using fruit, berry and vegetable powders in the formulation of milkshakes, which, unlike purees and juices, are concentrates of raw materials, retain their quality longer, and are better transported. At the same time, it seems important to predict the possibility of developing and ensuring the competitive stability of innovative milkshakes. The competitiveness of innovative milkshakes can be assessed by calculating the competitive potential by indicators measured on a scale of relations. When calculating the model of competitive potential, a system of quality indicators was used, which includes five groups: functional efficiency, social purpose, reliability, patent-legal and ergonomic indicators. Comparison of the quality of the developed product and the standard was carried out using normalized weight coefficients assigned by the expert method. It has been established that the developed milkshakes surpass the standard in terms of social purpose, and in terms of reliability, patent-legal and ergonomic indicators, they are not inferior to it. Thus, milkshakes containing freeze-dried fruit-berry and fruit-vegetable powders can be competitive compared to traditional milkshakes on the consumer market.
Sustainable cluster interaction models of agro-industrial sector’s subjects in the Russian Federation regions: food security
Authors: Ruiga I R , Vasilyeva Z A , Kovzunova E S , Durnovo N A , Danilova N N
Published: February 2022

In the article actualizes the role of network and cluster interaction mechanisms in the system of food security of the state and regions, in particular. The structuring of network and cluster interaction mechanisms of the constituent entities of the agricultural sector have been conducted taking into account the balance of economic interests. The existing forms of inter-firm interactions, restrictive pattern and possibilities of various collaboration forms application on the models comparative analysis of industrial cluster structures basis of in the world economy are revealed. The specific features of inter-firm interaction in agro-industrial cluster structures on the basis of comparative analysis of foreign practices and existing models experience (including their structural elements) in the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of agricultural sectors have been defined. The results of the comparative analysis (interpreted as a matrix) underlying the formation of models of economic behaviour of subjects on the basis of network interaction of the participants (non-diversified and multiprofile models). The proposed business model of cluster interaction of participants can be used by regional public authorities in making management decisions regarding the formation of economic policy, ensuring food independence and sustainability of innovation and investment development of regions through the introduction of the cluster approach.
Reengineering of agricultural production based on digital technologies
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Prodius Oksana , Chelombitko Tetiana , Poltorak Anastasiia , Sirenko Natalia , Dudnyk Alla , Chernyak Vladimir
Published: February 2022

Digital technologies allow automating the processing of large amounts of data and information flows. This creates conditions for making automatic management decisions and makes it possible to more effectively manage the financial and economic activities of an agricultural enterprise. The use of information technologies makes it possible to reduce the costs of producing services and goods, establishes closer relationships between consumers and producers of agricultural products. Digital technologies make it possible to train, train and retrain employees and organize their joint work activities. The reengineering of state support for the agricultural sector should primarily be aimed at the introduction of digital information technologies in agriculture. This will create conditions for improving the efficiency of the agricultural sector, increase its competitiveness and reduce the need for state support.
The direction of the chernozem soils evolution under the influence of agrogenic effects
Authors: Aksenova Yu V
Published: February 2022

Long-term irrigation caused a rise in the groundwater level and the chernozem evolution into meadow-chernozem soil, which in wet years are in the meadow mode. Soils, used in grain-grass crop rotations, were characterized by high fertility level. Perennial grasses stabilized the content of humus at the level of 6.5–7.2%. Under conditions of irrigated farming, its amount increased to 7.2–8.0%. Humic acids prevailed in the qualitative composition of humus, the value of which decreased against the background of the combined application of mineral and organic fertilizers. The share of fulvic acids was lower in irrigated soils in the variants without and with the application of mineral fertilizers. The use of mineral fertilizers against irrigation reduced the water-resistance of soil aggregates by 20–40%. Soils occupied by vegetable crop rotations had a low fertility level. With the cultivation of vegetable crops without fertilizers application, the amount of humus set at the level of 3.9–5.0%. Irrigation caused an increase in the soil-absorbing complex of exchangeable magnesium and sodium on average by a factor of 2 and led to the tendency of development of soil alkalinity. Against the background of high content of exchangeable sodium, the soil structure completely lost its resistance to the water eroding action. The aggregate state of the soil is satisfactory, but the number of agronomically valuable aggregates was below the optimal level.
Analysis of the fractional composition of coal dust and its effect on the explosion hazard of the air in coal mines
Authors: Rodionov Vladimir , Tumanov Maxim , Skripnik Igor , Kaverzneva Tatiana , Pshenichnaya Claudia
Published: February 2022

The relationship of the fractional composition is revealed and its influence on the explosiveness of the air in coal mines is revealed. The aim of the work is to determine the fractional composition of the studied samples of coal grades “L” (long-flame), “F” (fat) and “A” (anthracite) and its effect on the physical and explosive properties. It has been established that coal dust has a fractional composition containing more than 55% of fractions less than 94 microns and during natural grinding (without discharge of static electricity) in fine fractions (less than 94 microns) there are large conglomerates of particles that disintegrate when exposed to air currents similar to the speed of air movement in mountainous areas. workings. Based on the results obtained, further stages of work on the study of the explosive properties of coal dust are determined. The data on the granulometric and optical types of analysis are presented.
The influence of soil acid-base properties on the species diversity of the genus Leccinum and the accumulation of cesium-137 by fruit bodies
Authors: Ivanov D M
Published: February 2022

For the first time, pH factor of soil-water extract was used to separate genus Leccinum systematic units. It was found that the increased acidity of raised sphagnum bogs and boggy areas with a developed green mosses cover leads to cesium-137 accumulation in fungi fruit bodies of Leccinum holopus.
Application of the factor analysis method in calculating the cadastral value of land plots
Authors: Badmayeva S E , Badmayeva Yu V , Gorbunova Yu V , Yevtushenko S V , Yevtushenko T V
Published: February 2022

The cadastral valuation of land plots is carried out as a state measure, since it is the basis for the regulatory and information support for the regulation of land relations of owners, landowners and land users with the state regarding the use of the lands provided to them and payment for land. The article discusses the process of calculating the cadastral value using factor analysis by the method of principal components, namely, the transition from the initial pricing factors to hidden factors. To identify the most accurate result, the standard model was applied, where pricing factors are used. The results obtained are reflected in the graph, which demonstrates the main advantage of the applied method.
The dynamics of the bird population in the forest ecosystems of Eastern Siberia (South Baikal) under the conditions of the modern climate changes
Authors: Mel’nikov Yu
Published: February 2022

The work was carried out on a key site with an area of more than 50 km2 on the right bank of the source of the Angara river (South Baikal) in 2010-2020 The studies were carried out in winter and summer periods, based on the standard technique used in Russia for these purposes. The studies fall on a period of strong warming close to the maximum, most likely a centuries-old climate cycle. It is shown that the dynamics of population density and species diversity of birds in the winter and summer seasons at this time are very different. The summer period is by wavelike (cyclical) changes characterized, without a pronounced trend. In winter, on the contrary, there is a well-pronounced trend towards a noticeable decrease in these indicators. The different responses of birds to climate changes are undoubtedly by the initial factors operating at their areas determined. In the summer period - the drying up of the territory of Central Asia and the resettlement of birds, especially waterfowl and waterfowl, to the northern borders of their areas. In the winter period - by situations in the optima of wintering habitats, which also shifted somewhat to the north (even in sedentary bird species). These materials indicate the strong impact of climate change on the environment.
Modulating the temporal dynamics of nonlinear ultrafast plasmon resonances
Authors: Asif Hira , Sahin Ramazan
Published: February 2022

Surface plasmon-induced nonlinear optical resonances have shown immense potential in advanced optical imaging and nonlinear photonic devices. However, the ultrashort lifetime of these intense nonlinear fields inhibits their effective use in the vast applications of quantum plasmonics. Here, we propose enhancement in the lifetime of fast decaying second harmonic (SH) plasmon mode through a weak and pure resonant interaction with a two-level quantum emitter (QE). We compute the time evolution of SH response under a two-coupled oscillator model, in which we examine the interaction of short-lived SH mode supported by Au nanoparticle (AuNP) with long-lived dark mode (DM) or QE systems. To analyze the effect of spectral and temporal properties of DM and QE on the SH field, we evaluate the lifetime enhancement factor as a function of coupling strength and tuned resonant frequencies. The results show that tiny object like QE with sharp spectral bandwidth, small decay rate, and large oscillating strength is more efficient to control and probe the temporal dynamics of the SH field, as compared to DM which have a wide spectral bandwidth. Also, we control the lifetime of the SH mode after the natural decay time of the fundamental mode (FM), which distinguishes SH mode irrespective of its spatial convolution with elementary modes. Our proposed AuNP-QE coupled plasmonic system supporting nonlinear signal with enhanced temporal character paves its way for designing efficient on-chip nonlinear optical devices and can be a powerful tool in ultrahigh resolution nonlinear optical imaging.
Primary Si refinement and eutectic Si modification in Al-20Si via P-Ce addition
Authors: Chokemorh Peerawit , Pandee Phromphong , Chankitmunkong Suwaree , Patakham Ussadawut , Limmaneevichitr Chaowalit
Published: February 2022

Enhancing the mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys by refining the primary and eutectic Si morphology is very challenging. In this study, the refinement mechanism of primary and eutectic Si morphologies via the simultaneous addition of P-Ce into the Al-20Si alloy was studied. Microstructural analysis revealed that the primary and eutectic Si morphologies were significantly refined, which increased the tensile strength. Furthermore, the addition of Ce, up to 0.6 wt%, can result in the formation of Ce-rich intermetallic phases, which may lead to a significantly increased tensile strength while retaining the ductility of the alloy. The ultimate tensile strength of the Al-20Si alloy increased from 96 to 175 MPa, and the elongation increased from 1.0% to 1.7% with the addition of P-Ce. Moreover, the wear resistance of the alloy improved. The added P and Ce did not react with each other to form an intermetallic compound; therefore, this method can simultaneously refine primary and eutectic Si.
Study on the effects of cationic dyes species on the structure and performance of sepiolite hybrid pigments
Authors: Yin Song , Zhai Jingya , Zhang Zepeng , Chen Huiwen , Yu Yinfeng , Zhang Tiantian , Yan Haowei , Dong Xueling
Published: February 2022

In this work, sepiolite hybrid pigments were prepared with four kinds of cationic dyes with different structures and functional groups, Basic orange 2 (BO2), Mytheme blue (MB), Basic red 18 (BR18) and Basic red 2 (BR2), by the vacuum method. The obtained samples were respectively named as BO2/Sep, MB/Sep, BR18/Sep and BR2/Sep. The sepiolite hybrid pigments were characterized and tested by XRD, FT-IR, Microporous physical/chemical adsorption analyzer, thermal analyzer, et al. The effects of cationic dyes structure and functional groups types on the positions and loading capacity of cationic dyes in sepiolite hybrid pigments were investigated. The results indicated that positions and loading capacity of cationic dyes in sepiolite hybrid pigments are not only related to the size of the cationic dyes but also related to the functional groups and electrical properties of the cationic dyes. The smaller the size of the cationic dyes, the greater the positive charge, and the stronger the functional groups interact with the sepiolite, the greater the amount that enters the sepiolite channel and is adsorbed. The loading capacity of cationic dyes in hybrid pigments dropped as the order MB/Sep, BO2/Sep, BR18/Sep, BR2/Sep. In addition, the position and interaction of cationic dye in sepiolite determine the stability of hybrid pigments. The resistance of hybrid pigments to the acid decreased as the order MB/Sep, BR18/Sep, BO2/Sep, BR2/Sep. In the base medium, the order is MB/Sep, BO2/Sep, BR18/Sep, BR2/Sep. The weatherability of the hybrid pigments was also better than pure cationic dyes.