bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alternative Energy
Authors: Black Brian C. , Flarend Richard
Published: March 2024

An exceptionally timely volume that weighs the costs and benefits of alternative energy sources and their implications for reducing energy consumption.

As this book makes clear, civilization cannot long continue to ride on an oil slick. Worldwide, many people have come to see dependence on coal, and especially on oil, not only as unsustainable, but as profoundly destabilizing, both environmentally and politically. While ever-increasing demands continue to be placed on "mainstream" energy sources, recurring attempts have been made to generate power in "alternative" ways.

After retracing some of these efforts, this succinct and historically informed volume explores the ongoing debate over alternative energy that gathered strength in the 20th century, showing how that debate mirrors larger attitudes toward energy and consumption. Like other volumes in this series, Alternative Energy is designed to provide material for student reports and debate arguments. It is an outstanding sourcebook for those interested in investigating the problems and prospects of alternative fuels.
American Indians in the Early West
Authors: Mathews-Benham Sandra K.
Published: March 2024

Thousands of years of American Indian history are covered in this work, from the first migrations into North America, through the development of specific tribal identities, to the turbulent first centuries of encounters with European settlers up until 1800.
The American Revolution
Authors: Gould Neil
Published: March 2024

This engaging overview of the American Revolution enables readers to consider and understand history with greater intimacy and accuracy through more than 100 primary documents.

This book provides American history readers with a handy reference that examines all important aspects of the era of the American Revolution. The author models how an expert scholar interacts with primary sources, thereby providing guidance that shows readers how to pick apart and critically evaluate firsthand the key documents chronicling these major events in American history.

The book is divided into four sections. The first, "The Road to Revolution," deals with events that include both British actions and Colonial reactions. The section's major focus is on the question, "What brings people to the point where they are willing to spill blood for a cause?" Section two is about the war's battles, highlighting military strategy and tactics and the decisive role of leadership in achieving victory. Section three, "A Nation of Amazons," focuses on the military exploits of women who disguised themselves as men, fired cannons, executed enemy soldiers, and served as spies. Section four, titled "The Songs of Liberty," shares works that both inspired and reflected the conflict's main events.
Artillery
Authors: Kinard Jeff
Published: March 2024

Addressing its technical evolution as well as its military and social impact, this comprehensive reference shows how historic leaders such as Dionysus of Syracuse, the Ottoman sultan Mohammad II, Oliver Cromwell, and Napoleon Bonaparte were successful in battle because of their innovative use of artillery.

Artillery: An Illustrated History of Its Impact charts the development of large, crew-operated battlefield weapons from the dart firers and catapults of the ancient world to the invention of gunpowder in China and its applications in medieval Europe, and from the emergence of naval and land gunnery four centuries ago to the latest rapid-fire, rocket propulsion, laser guidance, and antiaircraft technologies.

Written by an expert on military history, Artillery explores the technological and strategic innovations that have made these weapons increasingly effective at breaking through fortifications, inflicting casualties from a safe distance, providing cover for advancing forces, demoralizing opponents, and defending positions from attack. Beyond the battlefield, the book also looks at the impact of artillery on history and on the lives of civilians as well as soldiers.
Climate Change
Authors: Downie David , Brash Kate , Vaughan Catherine
Published: March 2024

An accessible introduction to climate change that outlines key scientific, economic, and political issues, reviews how the global community has addressed the issue to date, and discusses the options being explored for further action.

Climate Change: A Reference Handbook offers readers a way to separate science from politics on this crucial and often contentious issue. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the science and public policy of climate change, including discussion of historical developments, today's key concepts, and the future of climate science and policy.

Climate Change begins by explaining the science behind global climate change, including the growing consensus that human activity is a major contributing factor. It then takes an objective look at the key conflicts in climate science and policy, describes those that have been resolved, and offers a balanced review of proposals for those that have not. A separate chapter focuses on the scientific, economic, and political aspects of climate change as they are playing out specifically in the United States.
Equal Protection
Authors: Hudson ,   Jr. David L.
Published: March 2024

This book uses primary sources to closely examine the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and to show how legal interpretations of it have had a profound impact on American life as we know it.

The Fourteenth Amendment addresses many aspects of American citizenship, including the rights of citizens. The most commonly used—and frequently litigated—phrase in the amendment is "equal protection of the laws." This phrase has figured prominently in a plethora of landmark cases in U.S. history dealing with a variety of issues, including Brown v. Board of Education (racial discrimination), Roe v. Wade (reproductive rights), Bush v. Gore (election recounts), Reed v. Reed (gender discrimination), University of California v. Bakke (racial quotas in college admissions), and Obergefell v. Hodges (gay marriage).

This book closely examines the history and development of the Equal Protection Clause and details the many ways in which it has shaped U.S. history. Selections show how the equal protection clause came into being in the post-Civil War era; feature seminal Supreme Court decisions on the nature and extent of applications of the equal protection clause in American life and law through the years; and include documents that consider the impact that the equal protection clause has had and may have on American society in the 21st century.
The Executive Branch of Federal Government
Authors: Dirck Brian R.
Published: March 2024

This volume gives students, professors, and the general public a single, comprehensive source on the key themes in the historical development of the presidency from America’s founding era through the presidency of George W. Bush.

How has the role of the president changed since George Washington? How does the president interact with Congress? The courts? The states? Other nations? These are just a few of the overarching questions addressed in this volume in ABC-CLIO’s About Federal Government set devoted to the president and the executive branch he manages.

The Executive Branch of the Federal Government provides a brief history of the presidency, then looks at the constitutional powers of the office, the day-to-day functions of the federal bureaucracy, general elections, and presidential relationships with Congress and the courts. But perhaps most compelling are the insights into the officeholders themselves, the individuals who have served as president, each fashioning a term reflective of his own personality.
Juvenile Justice
Authors: Shoemaker Donald J. , Wolfe Timothy W.
Published: March 2024

Authoritative, current, and easy to use, this book is an outstanding resource for readers looking to gain an accurate and thorough understanding of American juvenile justice.

Juvenile delinquency has been of interest to the general public and academic scholars for many decades—and it has been an ongoing societal problem for the same amount of time. Delinquency covers a range of behaviors from minor offenses, such as trespassing or vandalism, to the more serious crimes often associated with gangs that include murder. Juvenile Justice: A Reference Handbook puts juvenile justice under the microscope, surveying its long history and key issues, exploring the myriad of problems and controversies tied to the juvenile justice system, and explains how policymakers and legal professionals have tried to solve these vexing issues.

The book first presents historical and contemporary discussions of juvenile justice, especially in the United States. The next chapters address problems, controversies, and possible solutions for juvenile justice; present insightful, diverse perspectives from leading experts; and profile important figures in the juvenile justice system and the field of crime and delinquency. The book also contains data and primary documents that show who gets processed through the juvenile justice system and for what kinds of criminal acts.
Marijuana
Authors: Newton David E.
Published: March 2024

This single-volume resource provides sound, up-to-date information and authoritative resources for research on the controversial topics of the use of marijuana for medical and recreational purposes and the effects of marijuana use on society.

The use of marijuana has consistently been a highly controversial, polarizing, and emotional topic, so much so that social, cultural, and religious factors have largely influenced public opinion, legislation, and law enforcement's treatment of marijuana use. At the same time, much of the scientific information about the plant has largely been ignored in the policies and practices of the United States over the past 100 years.

Marijuana: A Reference Handbook provides detailed coverage of the history and background of marijuana use in society, with special emphasis on the present day in the United States. It outlines the development of federal and state legislation with respect to marijuana use over the last century, focusing on changes that are taking place in the second decade of the 21st century, and examines the pros and cons of the use of marijuana for a variety of purposes. The book presents readers with unbiased, research-based information about the effects, benefits, and risks of marijuana use. Readers will also learn about the role of hemp across human history and about very recent legislative action on the use of marijuana for both recreational purposes and medical use.
The Marx Brothers
Authors: Gehring Wes D.
Published: March 2024

This bio-bibliography was designed to present a combined biographical, critical, and bibliographical portrait of the Marx Brothers. It examines their significance in film comedy in particular, and as popular culture figures in general. The book is divided into five sections, beginning with a biography which explores the public and private sides of the Marx Brothers. The second section is concerned with the influences of the Marx Brothers as icons of anti-establishment comedy, as contributors to developments in American comedy, as early examples of saturation comedy, and as a crucial link between silent films and the talkies. Three original articles, two by Groucho and one by Gummo, comprise part three. A bibliographical essay, which assesses key reference materials and research collections, is followed by two bibliographical checklists. Appendices containing a chronological biography with a timeline, a filmography, and a selected discography complete the work.
Myths and Hero Tales
Authors: Perkins Agnes Regan
Published: March 2024

This one-stop cross-cultural selective guide to recent retellings of myths and hero tales for children and young adults will enable teachers and library media specialists to select comparative myths and tales from various, mostly non-European cultures. The focus is on stories from Native America, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Central and South America, and Oceania. The Guide contains extensively annotated entries on 189 books of retellings of myths and hero tales, both ancient and modern, from around the world published between 1985 and 1996. Represented are 1,455 stories suitable for use with young people from mid-elementary through high school.

The entries, arranged alphabetically by writer, contain complete bibliographic data, age and grade levels, and evaluative annotations. Seven indexes—title, author, illustrator, culture, story type, name, and grade level—make searching easy. The story type index will enable teachers to select comparative myths and tales from different cultures on more than 50 types of myths and hero tales. Among the many myth types cited are origin of human beings and the world, comparative social customs and rituals, natural and heavenly phenomena, animal appearance and behavior, searches and quests, and tricksters. Among the hero tale types are fools and buffoons, kings and queens, warriors, monster slayers, important female figures, magicians, voyagers and adventurers, and spiritual leaders. The Guide concludes with a bibliography of retellings published earlier that have come to be considered standard works.
The Holocaust
Authors: Bartrop Paul R. , Grimm Eve E.
Published: March 2024

From genocidal campaigns to careful neutrality to valiant lifesaving efforts, every country’s experience of the Holocaust was different during and immediately following World War II.

This book profiles 50 nations and territories from around the globe, examining how prewar conditions and attitudes toward Jews influenced the trajectory of that place’s wartime experience and its role in the Holocaust. It also explores the aftermath and lasting impact of the Holocaust in these places. Each profile begins with a collection of at-a-glance facts about population, government leaders, wartime status, and more. All profiles begin with a brief introduction, followed by information about the Jewish population in that place, the prewar environment, wartime experiences, and the aftermath of the Holocaust. This standardized format makes it easy for readers to find specific information while also helping them place events within the proper historical context. A curated selection of further readings at the end of each profile and an end-of-volume list of books and Internet resources point readers toward materials for additional study.

While often conceptualized as a single event that happened the same way across all Axis or Axis-occupied countries, the Holocaust and reactions to it varied widely from country to country. In many cases, political and economic conditions in the prewar years, as well as the degree of anti-Semitism in a nation, influenced that country’s experience of the Holocaust. Even after the war, countries experienced the aftermath of the Holocaust in different ways. Some places, such as Palestine, became a beacon for Jewish refugees, while others, such as Brazil, became a hideout for Nazi war criminals.
Physiotherapy versus alternative medicine for pain and quality of life in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Gurjant , Chahal Aksh , Singh Manjeet , Samuel Asir John
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a prevailing condition widely affecting mobility. However, many non-invasive treatments have been proposed for LSS. Physiotherapy is reported as more commonly used with very little evidence reporting the efficacy of alternative medicine. For clinicians, there was a need to find a better mode of treatment. The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions and alternative medicine for leg pain, back pain, and walking distance in patients with LSS.

Methods

Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for papers published in the previous 5 years (2016–2020). The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted from September 2021 to December 2021 at the Musculoskeletal Research Lab of Maharishi Markandeshwaer Institute of Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation. Study selection and outcomes: randomised controlled trials (RCT), randomised clinical trials, randomised cross-over trials, quasi-RCTs, and non-RCTs were included if they evaluated the effects of physiotherapy or alternative medicine on pain and walking distance in patients with LSS. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Self-paced walk test (SPWT), and treadmill walking were used as outcome measures. All the authors independently screened and extracted data from the 8 studies retrieved through the search using a pilot-tested performa. The quality of studies was assessed using the PEDro scale and the Cochrane risk of bias criteria.

Results

Meta-analysis was performed using a fixed-effects model that showed (1) Physiotherapy was more effective than the control in improving leg pain. The Standardised mean difference (SMD) (95% CI) in the NRS score for leg pain was found to be 1.12 (0.83, 1.40); (2) Physiotherapy was more effective than the control in improving back pain. The SMD (95% CI) in the NRS score for back pain was 0.29 (−0.18, 0.76); (3) Physiotherapy was more effective than the control in improving walking distance. The SMD (95% CI) for walking distance was found to be 144.59 m (133.16 m, 159.02 m).

Conclusions

The results of the present study indicate that physiotherapy has higher significant results than alternative medicine in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.
Effect of home-based core exercises on postpartum stress urinary incontinence during COVID-19 pandemic in Jeddah city: a randomised control trial
Authors: Alahmri Lujen Mohammed , Embaby Heba
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Introduction. Postpartum stress urinary incontinence affects many women worldwide; it may exist during pregnancy or postpartum with a risk of permanence increasing five years later. This study aimed to determine the effect of home-based core exercises on postpartum stress urinary incontinence during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Jeddah city.

Methods

Randomised control trial was conducted on 26 postpartum women aged 25–40 years with mild or moderate grade stress urinary incontinence and a body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m2. Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups (A & B). Group A performed home-based core exercises and pelvic floor muscle training for twenty-four sessions three times weekly for eight weeks; each session lasted 30 minutes. Group B performed home-based PFMT only. The assessment of pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) was measured with the Modified Oxford Grading Scale, while the 1-hour pad test and International Consolation on Incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICIQ UI- SF) total score served to assess incontinence severity before and after treatment.

Results

The results showed a significant improvement in PFMs strength and endurance in both groups and there was a highly significant difference between groups, favouring the study group (A). There was a highly significant difference between the groups in the 1-hour pad test and ICIQ-SF total score, favouring the study group (A).

Conclusions

Home-based core exercises for postpartum SUI women were an effective method to improve PFMs strength and endurance and minimise SUI symptoms.
Is there a subgroup of females with patellofemoral pain syndrome likely to benefit from proximal control exercises?
Authors: Shalash Khaled Alaa Eldin Fetouh , Chabara Abd El Rahman , Azzam Ahmad Hamdi , Mohamed Nabil A , ElMelhat Ahmed M
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most popular complaints among young females. Proximal hip control exercises can improve hip strength and reduce the stresses and pain. However, there is a lack of studies that investigate predictors of the success of proximal hip control exercises in this disorder. This predictive validity diagnostic trial aimed to investigate the effect of body mass index, age, duration of symptoms, and knee angle valgus on proximal control exercise success to improve hip muscle abductors and external rotator isometric strength.

Methods

Fifty females with PFPS recruited from Ain shams University Hospital with a mean age of 25 years received proximal control exercises (transversus abdominis and multifidus activation, hip extensor, abductor and external rotator strengthening). Participants were assessed for hip strength using a handheld dynamometer, and dynamic knee valgus via video analysis using the Kinovea v.0.8.15 computer program.

Results

Age was found to be a predictor of success in hip abductor strength, and duration of symptoms a predictor of success in hip external rotator strength with proximal control exercises in patellofemoral pain syndrome female individuals, with no specific cut-off points.

Conclusions

Proximal control exercises can improve hip strength in females with PFPS with no specific cut-off points for the significant predictors found (age and duration of symptoms).
Comparative effects of moderate-intensity interval training on sleep quality and functional capacity in atrial fibrillation patients with two types of sleep apnea
Authors: Atef Hady , Muka Taulant , Elansary Doa , Ali Heba Mohammed , Ahmad Ahmad Mahdi
Published: March 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to examine the effects of moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) on the quality of sleep and functional capacity in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with different presentations of sleep apnoea after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods

18 participants with AF and sleep apnoea aged 45–65 years were assigned into two groups: AF with obstructive sleep apnoea group (group A, n1 = 9) and AF with mixed sleep apnoea group (group B, n2 = 9). Both groups received MIIT for ten weeks (3 sessions / week) and medical treatment (i.e., Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and drug therapy). Exclusion criteria were unstable cardiac comorbidities and neurological/musculoskeletal limitations to exercise intervention. Outcome measures included sleep parameters collected from the actigraphy, overall sleep quality rating domain of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and six-minute walk distance (6-MWD).

Results

Significant changes were present in the means of all outcomes in group A (p < 0.05) and two outcomes (i.e., cut points & 6-MWD) in group B compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Also, there were significant differences in the absolute mean changes from baseline (∆) between the two groups, in favour of group A, in sleep latency (p < 0.001), total sleep duration (p = 0.026), sleep efficiency (p < 0.001), overall sleep quality rating item of the PSQI (p = 0.001), and 6-MWD (p = 0.008).

Conclusions

MIIT can be a supplementary therapeutic intervention that could contribute to greater positive changes in sleep quality and functional capacity in AF patients with obstructive sleep apnoea rather than in AF patients with mixed sleep apnoea post-CABG. MIIT could enhance the functional capacity independent of improving sleep quality in patients with AF and mixed sleep apnoea post-CABG.
Impact of smartphone use on posture control in healthy adolescents
Authors: Anter Esraa Abd Elaziz , Al-tohamy Amira Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Smartphone (SP) use among adolescents is constantly increasing, and it has been reported that SP usage is detrimental to a number of health-related factors. This study was conducted to determine whether the use of SPs has an immediate impact on posture control in healthy adolescents and whether different time limits have different effects.

Methods

This single-group experiment was conducted on 75 adolescents aged between 13 and 18. Subjects’ static balance was evaluated using the Humac balance system before using an SP and after 10 min, 15 min, 20 min SP use, and 20 min using the SP with a headpiece. The stabilometric measures, including stability and path length scores, were obtained.

Results

By comparing stability scores and path length scores between baseline static assessment, after 10 min, after 15 min, after 20 min, and after 20 min of using an SP with a headpiece, we found that there was a significant difference between baseline static assessment and reassessment after all time limits. Following the use of an SP, the stability scores decreased, and path length scores increased. We also found no significant difference in stabilometric scores between different time limits of SP use. Furthermore, there were no substantial differences regarding posture control between the use of SP with and without headpieces.

Conclusions

Based on our study’s findings, SP use has an immediate effect on posture control with different time limits in healthy adolescents. Therefore, it is better to avoid SP use before or during activities requiring good postural stability.
Tỷ lệ và một số yếu tố liên quan đến thực trạng mắc COVID-19 của nhân viên y tế tại một số tỉnh, thành phố năm 2021 - 2022
Authors: Anh Đoàn Hải , Giang Lê Minh , Vân Hoàng Thị Hải , Hảo Trần Thị , Ánh Trần Ngọc , Hương Đặng Thị , Thảo Trần Thị Thanh
Published: March 2024

Nghiên cứu được tiến hành nhằm xác định tỷ lệ nhân viên y tế (NVYT) mắc COVID-19 khi tham gia phòng chống dịch tại 07 tỉnh/thành năm 2021 - 2022 và các yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 62,6% (383/612) nhân viên y tế từng được chẩn đoán mắc COVID-19 trong thời gian trực tiếp tham gia phòng chống dịch năm 2021 - 2022. Phần lớn nhân viên y tế mắc COVID-19 trong bối cảnh tham gia chống dịch tại cơ quan đang công tác (79,5% ở năm 2021 và và 90,0% ở năm 2022). Tỷ lệ tiêm vắc xin phòng COVID-19 nói chung ở nhân viên y tế (NVYT) đạt mức cao và sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa nhóm NVYT đã tiêm ≤ 2, 3 hay 4 mũi vắc xin phòng COVID-19 (p < 0,05). Kết quả phân tích đa biến cho thấy NVYT tham gia trực tiếp điều trị bệnh nhân COVID-19 tại bệnh viện, tái sử dụng PPE, trực tiếp điều trị bệnh nhân COVID-19 ở cộng đồng, lấy mẫu COVID-19 ở cộng đồng, triển khai tiêm vắc xin COVID-19, hỗ trợ tiêm vắc xin COVID-19 có liên quan đến tỷ lệ mắc COVID-19 ở NVYT. Việc xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm COVID-19 trong NVYT cũng như xác định một số yếu tố liên quan là một phần quan trọng để có biện pháp can thiệp nhằm giảm nhẹ hậu quả đối với sức khỏe của NVYT trong đại dịch COVID-19.
Đánh giá hiệu quả quản lý, điều trị bệnh đái tháo đường tại tuyến huyện trên địa bàn tỉnh Ninh Bình năm 2022 – 2023
Authors: Hạnh Phạm Thị Phương , Liên Nguyễn Thị , Quý Đoàn Ngọc , Anh Vũ Đức
Published: March 2024

Để đánh giá hiệu quả quản lý, điều trị bệnh nhân đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ) tại tuyến huyện trên địa bàn tỉnh Ninh Bình năm 2022 - 2023, chúng tôi đã tiến hành nghiên cứu và sử dụng thiết kế nghiên cứu can thiệp không đối chứng trên 141 bệnh nhân bị ĐTĐ. Kết quả cho thấy, sau 3 tháng điều trị: Giá trị trung bình về các chỉ số glucose máu lúc đói, HbA1c, lipid máu và huyết áp sau 3 tháng điều trị có kết quả hiệu quả hơn so với thời điểm chưa điều trị. Mức kiểm soát glucose đạt mục tiêu chiếm 51,8% và HbA1c là 50,4% (p < 0,05). Sau 6 tháng điều trị: Giá trị trung bình của các chỉ số mục tiêu đều giảm xuống rõ rệt: gluocose máu lúc đói từ 10,4 ± 2,79mmol/l xuống còn 7,03 ± 1,57mmol/l, HbA1c từ 8,13 ± 0,98% xuống còn 6,73 ± 0,51%; cholesterol TP từ 6,36 ± 1,29mmol/l xuống còn 5,19 ± 1,07mmol/l; Triglycerid từ 2,95 ± 1,72mmol/l xuống còn 2,06 ± 0,91mmol/l, (p < 0,05). Sau 6 tháng tỷ lệ kiểm soát glucose máu đạt mục tiêu là 70,9% và chỉ số HbA1c đạt 77,3% (p < 0,05). Nghiên cứu này cho thấy, bệnh nhân ĐTĐ cần được tư vấn thường xuyên về chế độ dinh dưỡng, tập luyện và điều trị để tăng hiệu quả điều trị. Những bệnh nhân được tư vấn sau 3 tháng và 6 tháng có sự giảm rõ rệt về giá trị glucose lúc đói và HbA1c, sự khác biệt này có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05.
RECONSTUIÇÃO IMEDIATA DO ÁCIDO POLI-L-LÁTICO
Authors: Pires e Albuquerque Penna Giraud Ana Cecília , Castro de Sousa Gabriella
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia e segurança da reconstituição do ácido poli-L-lático imediatamente anterior ao procedimento através de uma revisão de literatura. Revisão Bibliográfica: O ácido poli-L-láctico (PLLA) foi inicialmente aprovado para uso para o tratamento da lipoatrofia facial associada ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Mais tarde, passou a ter indicações cosméticas e, desde então, vem sendo amplamente utilizado com a finalidade de restaurar a perda do volume facial decorrente do processo de envelhecimento. Composto por micropartículas de PLLA em pó, com os excipientes carboximetilcelulose de sódio (NaCMC) e manitol, é reconstituído pela adição de água estéril para injeção (SWFI). Foi possível verificar que ao decorrer dos anos, na prática clínica, o volume utilizado para reconstituição do produto aumentou gradualmente, muitas vezes, em combinação com a adição de lidocaína, visando trazer maior conforto durante as aplicações. Esses métodos com maior volume de reconstituição levaram a um aumento da segurança da aplicação. Acreditava-se ainda que, para uma completa hidratação do produto e suspensão uniforme, seria necessário tempo de repouso de 24 a 72 horas. Contudo, esse longo período de hidratação é demorado e tem custo elevado para os profissionais injetores. Conclusão: Portanto, acreditava-se que o tempo de repouso era imprescindível para hidratar a solução e deixá-la uniforme. Contudo, alguns estudos demonstraram a segurança e eficácia da aplicação de PLLA imediatamente após a reconstituição, apesar de maior risco de formação de nódulos. Nesse sentido, mais pesquisas precisam ser conduzidas para certificar a segurança da reconstituição imediata do PLLA.
ANAIS - VI CONGREHOF - 2023
Authors: Souza Daniela Martins de , Souza Mario Silveira de
Published: March 2024

ANAIS - VI CONGREHOF - 2023
Sotorasib (Lumakras)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2024

CADTH recommends that public drug plans should not reimburse Lumakras for the treatment of adult patients with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) G12C-mutated locally advanced (not amenable to curative therapy) or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy.

The clinical evidence reviewed by CADTH was insufficient to conclude that treatment with Lumakras results in a clinically meaningful delay in disease progression compared with docetaxel. It was impossible to assess whether treatment with Lumakras would prolong survival relative to docetaxel.

Patients identified the need for more effective treatments that delay disease progression, prolong survival, control disease symptoms, improve quality of life, reduce side effects, and offer an oral route of administration. While Lumakras offers an oral route of administration, it is not clear whether Lumakras meets the other needs identified by patients.
Trifluridine-Tipiracil (Lonsurf)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2024

CADTH recommends that Lonsurf be reimbursed by public drug plans in combination with bevacizumab for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in adults who have been previously treated with or are not candidates for available therapies, including fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapies; anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) biological agents; and, if positive for RAS wild-type disease, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) agents, if certain conditions are met.

Lonsurf should be covered for use in adults with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma that cannot be surgically removed or has spread to other parts of the body and if the patient’s disease progressed or the patient was intolerant to a maximum of 2 prior chemotherapy regimens. Eligible patients should have good overall health (performance status) and no unstable neurologic issues related to the central nervous system (CNS) or need increasing doses of steroids to control CNS disease.

Lonsurf should be reimbursed in combination with bevacizumab. It should be prescribed by doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating patients with mCRC. Lonsurf plus bevacizumab should be stopped if the disease worsens or the patient has severe side effects. The cost of Lonsurf should be reduced.
HUMANIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DURANTE O PRÉ-NATAL NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA EM SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: França Vanessa Bandeira de , Ferreira Shirley Kellen , Ramos Thallita de Freitas
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo desse artigo foi analisar a partir dos estudos disponíveis na literatura a assistência da humanização durante o pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde, identificando as ações de humanização da assistência desenvolvidas durante o pré-natal e os fatores que influenciaram o processo de humanização. Método: Como recurso metodológico utilizou-se a revisão integrativa da literatura de acordo com a prática baseada em evidências (PBE), sendo a coleta de dados realizada no mês de setembro de 2023, nas seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de dados em Enfermagem (BDENF), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), além da Cochrane e do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Resultados: A amostra final foi composta por 9 artigos. A assistência da humanização  no período do pré-natal foi subdividida em duas categorias: Práticas desenvolvidas pelos profissionais de saúde no processo de humanização da assistência ao pré-natal e os Fatores que influenciam a humanização da assistência ao pré-natal. Considerações Finais: Os dados obtidos constataram que grupos de gestantes, o acolhimento e o vínculo entre usuária e profissional puderam incluir significativamente na adesão e continuidade da gestante nas consultas de pré-natal.
Oceanographic processes driving low-oxygen conditions inside Patagonian fjords
Authors: Linford Pamela , Pérez-Santos Iván , Montero Paulina , Díaz Patricio A. , Aracena Claudia , Pinilla Elías , Barrera Facundo , Castillo Manuel , Alvera-Azcárate Aida , Alvarado Mónica , Soto Gabriel , Pujol Cécile , Schwerter Camila , Arenas-Uribe Sara , Navarro Pilar , Mancilla-Gutiérrez Guido , Altamirano Robinson , San Martín Javiera , Soto-Riquelme Camila
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of coastal ocean waters have decreased over the last few decades in part because of the increase in surface and subsurface water temperature caused by climate change, the reduction in ocean ventilation, and the increase in stratification and eutrophication. In addition, biological and human activity in coastal zones, bays, and estuaries has contributed to the acceleration of current oxygen loss. The Patagonian fjord and channel system is one world region where low-DO water (LDOW, 30 %–60 % oxygen saturation) and hypoxia conditions (<30 % oxygen saturation, 2 mL L−1 or 89.2 µmol L−1) are observed. An in situ dataset of hydrographic and biogeochemical variables (1507 stations), collected from sporadic oceanographic cruises between 1970 and 2021, was used to evaluate the mechanisms involved in the presence of LDOW and hypoxic conditions in northern Patagonian fjords. Results denoted areas with LDOW and hypoxia coinciding with the accumulation of inorganic nutrients and the presence of salty and oxygen-poor Equatorial Subsurface Water mass. The role of biological activity in oxygen reduction was evident in the dominance of community respiration over gross primary production. This study elucidates the physical and biogeochemical processes contributing to hypoxia and LDOW in the northern Patagonian fjords, highlighting the significance of performing multidisciplinary research and combining observational and modeling work. This approach underscores the importance of a holistic understanding of the subject, encompassing both real-world observations and insights provided by modeling techniques.
MESSAGEix-Materials v1.0.0: Representation of Material Flows and Stocks in an Integrated Assessment Model
Authors: Ünlü Gamze , Maczek Florian , Min Jihoon , Frank Stefan , Glatter Fridolin , Natsuo Kishimoto Paul , Streeck Jan , Eisenmenger Nina , Krey Volker , Wiedenhofer Dominik
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Extracting and processing raw materials into products in industry is a substantial source of CO2 emissions, which currently lacks process detail in many integrated assessment models (IAMs). To broaden the space of climate change mitigation options and to include circular economy and material efficiency measures in IAM scenario analysis, we developed MESSAGEix-Materials module representing material flows and stocks within the MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM IAM framework. With the development of MESSAGEix-Materials, we provide a fully open-source model that can assess different industry decarbonization options under various climate targets for the most energy and emissions-intensive industries: Aluminium, iron and steel, cement, and petrochemicals. We illustrate the model’s operation with a baseline and mitigation (2 degrees) scenario setup and validate base year results for 2020 against historical datasets. We also discuss the industry decarbonization pathways and material stocks of the electricity generation technologies resulting from the new model features.
A decomposition approach to evaluating the local performance of global streamflow reanalysis
Authors: Zhao Tongtiegang , Chen Zexin , Tian Yu , Chen Xiaohong
Published: March 2024

Abstract. While global streamflow reanalysis provides valuable information for water resources management, its local performance in the time-frequency domain is yet to be investigated. This paper presents a novel decomposition approach to evaluating streamflow reanalysis by combining wavelet transform with machine learning. Specifically, the time series of streamflow reanalysis and observation are respectively decomposed and then the approximation components of reanalysis are compared to those of observed streamflow. Furthermore, the accumulated local effects are derived to showcase the influences of catchment attributes on the performance of raw reanalysis at different scales. For streamflow reanalysis generated by the Global Flood Awareness System, a case study is devised based on streamflow observations from the Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies. The results highlight that the reanalysis tends to be more effective in characterizing seasonal, annual and multi-annual features than daily, weekly and monthly features. The Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) values of raw reanalysis and approximation components are primarily influenced by precipitation seasonality. That is, high values of KGE tend to be observed in catchments where there is more precipitation in winter, which can be due to low evaporation that results in reasonable simulations of soil moisture and baseflow processes. The longitude, mean precipitation and mean slope also influence the local performance of approximation components. On the other hand, attributes on geology, soils and vegetation appear to play a relatively small part in the performance of approximation components. Overall, this paper provides useful information for practical applications of global streamflow reanalysis.
TENDENTIOUS CURVATURE OF MIRRORS: ROMAN JAKOBSON IN THE «POPULAR HISTORIOGRAPHY» OF LINGUISTICS
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Radchenko Oleg A. , Alikaev Rashid S. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University
Published: March 2024

This article explores presentation peculiarities of R.O. Jakobson’s (1896-1982) biographical data on popular Internet sites that often serve as the main or most sought-after source of information on the history of Russian and foreign linguistics by young researchers in Russia. A narrative metacritical approach to the information presented on these platforms allows to visualize the extent to which prominent linguists’ images can be distorted, exemplified by one of the founders of the Moscow Linguistic Circle and the Prague School of Functional Linguistics. The main attention is paid in the article to the Prague period of R.O. Jakobson's activity.
INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS ON MAINTENANCE STAFF FATIGUE
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation, Rybalkina Alexandra L.
Published: March 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of individual circadian rhythms and age influence on maintenance staff fatigue. Fatigue indicators were assessed using seven indicators for four types of shifts: day shift, night shift, daily shift, five-day work week. Changes in the values of maintenance staff fatigue indicators were analyzed for each type of work shift, depending on the type of individual circadian rhythms (larks, owls, pigeons) and depending on age (20-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59 years old). The data obtained show that the age and individual circadian rhythms influence the civil aviation maintenance staff fatigue.
QUIZ AS A TOOL TO ATTRACT READERS TO WRITINGS ABOUT RUSSIAN ROBINSONS
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Shvetsova Tatiana V. , Shakhova Veronika E. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University  named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: March 2024

The article describes the concept of creation and application of quiz-technology as an actual tool for participation of students to reading works about adventures «robinsons» from Mezen in the Arctic. Material for the design of the class serves an 18th century essay. The book by P. L. Le Roy «The adventures of four Russian sailors to the island of East Spitsbergen brought by storm, where they have lived for six years and three months» (1766) is difficult to perceive for a modern teenager. As practice has shown, quiz is a productive means of encouraging schoolchildren to reading the text. In our case, the quiz allows us to solve two problems in a game form: to increase the motivation for studying the literature, and to acquaint with one of the key stories in the literary history of the Russian North – the survival of fishermen on the Edge island in 1743-1749.
SUPPLIER SELECTION AND EVALUATION METHODS BASED ON CATEGORIZATION OF PRODUCT AND COMPONENT PARAMETERS
Authors:   SOYUZCERT LLC, Khersonsky Nikolai S. , Bolshedvorskaya Ludmila G. ,   Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation
Published: March 2024

The risk of release of non-conforming products may arise under the influence of various factors. The results of earlier studies showed that the most significant factors that reduce the quality of products include a decrease in the efficiency of equipment, the level of professional competence of performers, the reliability of partners and suppliers of raw materials, materials, components. This work is devoted to the development of a mechanism for choosing a reliable supplier.
Non-linear effects of built environment factors on mode choice: A tour-based analysis
Authors: Fang Jia , Yan Xiang , Tao Tao , Chen Changjie
Published: March 2024

Understanding the connections between the built environment and travel mode choice is a major research topic in transportation. However, existing studies usually examine the relationship through trip-based analyses rather than tour-based approaches. A tour consists of multiple trips that originate and end at the same place, which is increasingly considered the more appropriate analysis unit for travel behaviors. Applying a tour-based approach, this study employs random forest to investigate the non-linear impacts of built environment factors and tour attributes on different mode combinations of a tour. We find that tour attributes and connectivity-related variables (e.g., block size and intersection density) have a strong association with the use of active travel modes when their values are within a certain threshold. In addition, capturing mode change behaviors offers more nuanced understanding of how various built environment variables shape people’s decision to combine modes in a tour.
Servicios estadounidenses de SVOD en España: análisis de la disponibilidad, características y prominencia de obra local
Authors: García Leiva Mª Trinidad , Albornoz Luis A. , Gallo Pedro
Published: March 2024

El artículo retrata y analiza la disponibilidad y la prominencia de la obra española presente en cinco servicios audiovisuales bajo demanda por suscripción (SVOD) ofrecidos en España: Netflix, Prime Video, HBO Max, Disney+ y Apple TV+. Los datos del trabajo de campo, efectuado sobre muestras obtenidas de sus catálogos, en enero de 2022 y 2023, permiten conocer qué cantidad de obra española integra los servicios considerados, cuáles son sus principales características y qué prominencia se da (o no) a esa obra. Se concluye que, si bien todos los catálogos analizados ofrecen obra española, su cantidad es muy variable entre los distintos servicios y está conformada mayoritariamente por largometrajes cinematográficos y obras de ficción producidas en castellano. Respecto a la prominencia, Netflix ofrece más facilidades para que los usuarios lleguen a encontrar películas y series españolas, mientras que el resto de los servicios cuentan con un amplio margen de mejora.
Fatigue in healthcare workers with mild COVID-19 survivors in Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga Bintang YM. , Siagian Parluhutan , Sinaga Joshua P. , Samodra Yoseph L.
Published: March 2024

Persistent symptoms after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, known as post-COVID syndrome (PCS), presented an ongoing health burden among COVID-19 survivors, including health workers. The existence of fatigue in mild COVID-19 survivors has not been widely reported. The aim of this study was to present the symptoms of fatigue in healthcare workers who experienced mild COVID-19 and the factors associated with fatigue. A cross-sectional study was conducted at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan, Indonesia, from September to December 2022, included doctors, nurses, ancillary workers, and medical support workers who experienced mild COVID-19. Fatigue was measured by a fatigue assessment scale (FAS). The assessed possible risk factors were gender, age, vaccination history, comorbid, presence of PCS, duration of PCS symptoms, and number of PCS symptoms. The chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test was used to assess the association between the incidence of fatigue and risk factors. A total of 100 healthcare workers of mild COVID-19 survivors were included. Most of them were nurses (58%), women (81%), and aged 19−30 years old (36%). The majority had incomplete vaccination history (64%), experienced PCS (71%), no comorbidities (61%), and experienced <3 months of PCS symptoms (55%). Mild to moderate fatigue was found in 23% of healthcare workers and only 1% experienced severe fatigue. No significant association was found between gender, vaccination history, and comorbidities with the incidence of fatigue. However, a significant association was observed between age (p=0.021), the presence of PCS (p=0.041), and the number of PCS symptoms (p=0.047) with fatigue incidence. Furthermore, there were significant associations between symptoms of PCS (confusion (p=0.004), insomnia (p=0.001), myalgia (p=0.035), arthralgia (p=0.028), throat pain (p=0.042), headache (p=0.042), and chest pain (p=0.011)) with fatigue. These findings can contribute to providing the necessary support for mild COVID-19 survivors and persistent fatigue.