bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between serum mitokine levels and outcomes in stable COPD: an observational prospective study
Authors: Amado Carlos A. , Martín-Audera Paula , Agüero Juan , Lavín Bernardo A. , Guerra Armando R. , Muñoz Pedro , Berja Ana , Casanova Ciro , García-Unzueta Mayte
Published: October 2022

Mitokines (Humanin (HN), GDF15 and FGF21) are produced as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction and may have major roles in chronic inflammation, malnutrition and exercise capacity in people with COPD. Except for GDF15, studies on this subject are lacking. A total of 165 patients with stable COPD and 49 smokers without COPD were enrolled. We assessed their serum mitokine levels and clinical characteristics at baseline. We recorded moderate and severe exacerbation for the next 12 months. Baseline serum HN (p = 0.037) and GDF-15 (p = 0.013) levels were higher in the COPD group. High HN levels were independently associated with a high risk of exacerbation (HRE) (OR 2.798, 95% CI 1.266–6.187, p = 0.011), malnutrition (OR 6.645, 95% CI 1.859–23.749, p = 0.004), and 6MWD (OR 0.995, 95% CI 0.991–0.999, p = 0.008), and future moderate (HR 1.826, 95% CI 1.181–2.822, p = 0.007) and severe exacerbations (HR 3.445, 95% CI 1.357–8.740, p = 0.009). High GDF15 levels were associated with HRE (OR 3.028, 95% CI 1.134–8.083, p = 0.027), 6MWD (OR 0.995, 95% CI 0.990–0.999, p = 0.017) and predicted desaturation in 6MWT (OR 3.999, 95% CI 1.487–10.757, p = 0.006). High FGF21 levels were associated with HRE (OR 2.144, 95% CI 1.000–4.600, p = 0.05), and predicted future severe exacerbation (HR 4.217, 95% CI 1.459–12.193, p = 0.008). The mitokine levels were higher in patients with COPD than smokers without COPD, and were associated with important clinical outcomes such as exercise capacity and COPD exacerbation. Among the mitokines, HN showed the strongest association with COPD and may serve as a future risk biomarker in this disease.

Trial registation NCT04449419.
3D printed laboratory equipment to measure bulk materials in extreme conditions
Authors: Divis Jan , Hlosta Jakub , Zurovec David , Rozbroj Jiri , Kruszelnicka Weronika , Necas Jan , Zegzulka Jiri
Published: October 2022

Due to relatively new solutions in the field of 3D printing, there are few studies on the possibility of using printed elements in measuring devices. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using instruments made by material extrusion 3D printing method for measurement of selected mechanical-physical properties of bulk materials. Study explores the feasibility of measuring bulk material mechanical-physical properties when there are obstacles for printing original or modified measuring instruments in common practice. To achieve the goals a series of experiments such as Schulze’s ring shear tests, Freeman’s FT4 shear tests, compressibility tests, and Flow Rate and Stability tests were performed with use of original aluminium or steel made instruments and 3D printed instruments from polylactic acid and acrylic styrene acrylonitrile materials, using lunar regolith simulants LHS-1 and LMS-1 produced by CLASS Exolith Lab as a sample material. The results obtained from tests with original and printed instruments were then compared. The compared values of tests showed applicability of the 3D printed measuring instruments in a 5% range of measurement deviation. The biggest advantages of the 3D printed measuring instruments were the lower weight, the ability to print on the spot, to replace a damaged part with a new 3D printed part on-demand if extremely fast results are needed or due to the logistical unavailability, customization of the standardized tests for better understanding the behaviour of the particulate materials, and cheaper manufacturing costs.
Differential metabolism between biofilm and suspended Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures in bovine synovial fluid by 2D NMR-based metabolomics
Authors: Leggett Abigail , Li Da-Wei , Bruschweiler-Li Lei , Sullivan Anne , Stoodley Paul , Brüschweiler Rafael
Published: October 2022

Total joint arthroplasty is a common surgical procedure resulting in improved quality of life; however, a leading cause of surgery failure is infection. Periprosthetic joint infections often involve biofilms, making treatment challenging. The metabolic state of pathogens in the joint space and mechanism of their tolerance to antibiotics and host defenses are not well understood. Thus, there is a critical need for increased understanding of the physiological state of pathogens in the joint space for development of improved treatment strategies toward better patient outcomes. Here, we present a quantitative, untargeted NMR-based metabolomics strategy forPseudomonas aeruginosasuspended culture and biofilm phenotypes grown in bovine synovial fluid as a model system. Significant differences in metabolic pathways were found between the suspended culture and biofilm phenotypes including creatine, glutathione, alanine, and choline metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. We also identified 21 unique metabolites with the presence ofP. aeruginosain synovial fluid and one uniquely present with the biofilm phenotype in synovial fluid. If translatable in vivo, these unique metabolite and pathway differences have the potential for further development to serve as targets forP. aeruginosaand biofilm control in synovial fluid.
Evidence of and deaths from malaria and severe pneumonia co-infections in malaria-endemic areas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mala Wanida , Wilairatana Polrat , Milanez Giovanni De Jesus , Masangkay Frederick Ramirez , Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar , Kotepui Manas
Published: October 2022

Malaria and pneumonia are the leading causes of childhood mortality in children under 5 years of age. Nevertheless, the proportions and deaths of malaria co-infection among patients with severe pneumonia, particularly in children under 5 years of age, and characteristics of co-infection remain poorly explored. Hence, the present study aimed to collate the evidence of malaria among patients with severe pneumonia, severe pneumonia among patients with malaria, and the proportion of deaths among patients with co-infections. Potentially relevant studies were searched in six databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid, and MEDLINE to identify studies on malaria and severe pneumonia co-infections that were published until 21 July 2022 with a restriction for the non-English language but no restriction for the publication year. The quality of the included studies was determined using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). The pooled estimates, including the pooled proportion of malaria among patients with severe pneumonia, and the proportion of deaths among patients with co-infections, were estimated by the random-effects model. Of the 4094 studies examined, 11 studies that met the eligibility criteria were included in the review. Meta-analysis results showed that the proportion of malaria (2162 cases) among patients with severe pneumonia (9738 cases) was 19% (95% CI 12–26%, I2: 98.79%, 11 studies). The proportion of severe pneumonia (546 cases) among patients with malaria (10,325 cases) was 20% (95% CI 0–40%, I2: 99.48%, 4 studies). The proportion of deaths among patients with co-infection was 13% (95% CI 2–23%, I2: 85.1%, 3 studies). In conclusion, nearly one-fifth of patients with severe pneumonia have malaria, one-fifth of patients with malaria have severe pneumonia, and about 13% of co-infections lead to deaths. This information raised the clinical importance of diagnosis and management of concurrent infections. Patients with severe pneumonia should be investigated for malaria, and vice versa. Detection of co-infections might provide the information to inform the physician to manage and cure co-infected patients who live in areas where both diseases were endemic.
Real time monitoring of cold Ca2+ dependent transcription and its modulation by NCX inhibitors
Authors: Wang Hsin-tzu , Miyairi Shiori , Kitamura Miho , Iizuka Kosuke , Asano Yoshimasa , Yoshimura Takashi , Kon Naohiro
Published: October 2022

Real-time monitoring of cellular temperature responses is an important technique in thermal biology and drug development. Recent study identified that Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX)-dependent Ca2+ influx transduces cold signals to circadian clock in mammalian cultured cells. The finding raised an idea that cellular responses to the cold signals can be analyzed by monitoring of clock gene expression. We found that Per1 and Per2 were up-regulated after culture at 27 °C compared to 37 °C in Rat-1 fibroblasts. In order to monitor cold-Ca2+-dependent transcription in living cells, we developed a luciferase-based real-time reporting system by using Per1 promoter, Per2 promoter, Ca2+/cAMP-response elements (CRE) or NFAT-binding elements. We found that benzyloxyphenyl NCX inhibitor KB-R7943 and SN-6, but not SEA-0400 or YM-244769 inhibited the cold induction of Per2. Our study established a real-time monitoring system for cold Ca2+ signaling which can be applied to evaluation of drugs.
Insights on the bacterial composition of Parmigiano Reggiano Natural Whey Starter by a culture-dependent and 16S rRNA metabarcoding portrait
Authors: Sola Laura , Quadu Emanuele , Bortolazzo Elena , Bertoldi Loris , Randazzo Cinzia L. , Pizzamiglio Valentina , Solieri Lisa
Published: October 2022

Natural whey starters (NWS) are undefined bacterial communities produced daily from whey of the previous cheese-making round, by application of high temperature. As a result, in any dairy plant, NWS are continuously evolving, undefined mixtures of several strains and/or species of lactic acid bacteria, whose composition and performance strongly depend on the selective pressure acting during incubation. While NWS is critical to assure consistency to cheese-making process, little is known about the composition, functional features, and plant-to-plant fluctuations. Here, we integrated 16S rRNA metabarcoding and culture-dependent methods to profile bacterial communities of 10 NWS sampled in the production area of Parmigiano Reggiano cheese. 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis revealed two main NWS community types, namely NWS type-H and NWS type-D.Lactobacillus helveticuswas more abundant in NWS type-H, whilstLactobacillus delbrueckii/St. thermophilusin NWS type-D, respectively. Based on the prediction of metagenome functions, NWS type-H samples were enriched in functional pathways related to galactose catabolism and purine metabolism, while NWS type-D in pathways related to aromatic and branched chain amino acid biosynthesis, which are flavor compound precursors. Culture-dependent approaches revealed low cultivability of individual colonies as axenic cultures and high genetic diversity in the pool of cultivable survivors. Co-culturing experiments showed that fermentative performance decreases by reducing the bacterial complexity of inoculum, suggesting that biotic interactions and cross-feeding relationships could take place in NWS communities, assuring phenotypic robustness. Even though our data cannot directly predict these ecological interactions, this study provides the basis for experiments targeted at understanding how selective regime affects composition, bacterial interaction, and fermentative performance in NWS.
Oropharyngeal obstruction and respiratory system compliance are linked to ventilatory control parameters in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Bokov Plamen , Boujemla Imene , Matrot Boris , Spruyt Karen , Gallego Jorge , Delclaux Christophe
Published: October 2022

Instable ventilatory control is an endotypic trait of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the anatomical compromise of the upper (oro- and naso-pharynx) and lower airways and ventilatory control (measured by chemical loop gain) in otherwise healthy children suffering from moderate to severe OSAS (apnea hypopnea index ≥ 5/hour). The children underwent ear, nose and throat examination, measurement of impedance of the respiratory system that allowed characterizing peripheral lung mechanics using the extended Resistance-Inertance-Compliance model. Physiologically constrained analytical model based on tidal breathing analysis allowed for the computation of steady-state plant gain, steady-state controller gain (CG0) and steady-state loop gain (LG0). Medium-frequency components of the feedback control system were then deduced. Fifty children (median age 11.2 years) were enrolled. Oropharyngeal obstruction was associated with decreased CG0 (0.6 [0.2; 1.0] vs 1.5 [0.5; 6.6] L.s− 1.mmHg− 1, p = 0.038) and LG0 (0.4 [0.2; 1.1] vs 1.2 [0.4; 9.3], p = 0.027), while nasal obstruction did not modify ventilatory control parameters. In a multivariate analysis Medium-Frequency PG was negatively related to minute ventilation and respiratory system compliance. Both upper (tonsil hypertrophy) and lower (compliance of respiratory system) airways are linked to ventilatory control in children with moderate to severe OSAS.
Intra-specific variation in sensitivity of Bombus terrestris and Osmia bicornis to three pesticides
Authors: Linguadoca Alberto , Jürison Margret , Hellström Sara , Straw Edward A. , Šima Peter , Karise Reet , Costa Cecilia , Serra Giorgia , Colombo Roberto , Paxton Robert J. , Mänd Marika , Brown Mark J. F.
Published: October 2022

There is growing evidence that pesticides may be among the causes of worldwide bee declines, which has resulted in repeated calls for their increased scrutiny in regulatory assessments. One recurring concern is that the current frameworks may be biased towards assessing risks to the honey bee. This paradigm requires extrapolating toxicity information across bee species. Most research effort has therefore focused on quantifying differences in sensitivity across species. However, our understanding of how responses to pesticides may vary within a species is still very poor. Here we take the first steps towards filling this knowledge gap by comparing acute, lethal hazards in sexes and castes of the eusocial beeBombus terrestrisand in sexes of the solitary beeOsmia bicornisafter oral and contact exposure to the pesticides sulfoxaflor, Amistar (azoxystrobin) and glyphosate. We show that sensitivity towards pesticides varies significantly both within and across species. Bee weight was a meaningful predictor of pesticide susceptibility. However, weight could not fully explain the observed differences, which suggests the existence of unexplored mechanisms regulating pesticide sensitivity across bee sexes and castes. Our data show that intra-specific responses are an overlooked yet important aspect of the risk assessment of pesticides in bees.
A mixed distribution to fix the threshold for Peak-Over-Threshold wave height estimation
Authors: Durán-Rosal Antonio M. , Carbonero Mariano , Gutiérrez Pedro Antonio , Hervás-Martínez César
Published: October 2022

Modelling extreme values distributions, such as wave height time series where the higher waves are much less frequent than the lower ones, has been tackled from the point of view of the Peak-Over-Threshold (POT) methodologies, where modelling is based on those values higher than a threshold. This threshold is usually predefined by the user, while the rest of values are ignored. In this paper, we propose a new method to estimate the distribution of the complete time series, including both extreme and regular values. This methodology assumes that extreme values time series can be modelled by a normal distribution in a combination of a uniform one. The resulting theoretical distribution is then used to fix the threshold for the POT methodology. The methodology is tested in nine real-world time series collected in the Gulf of Alaska, Puerto Rico and Gibraltar (Spain), which are provided by the National Data Buoy Center (USA) and Puertos del Estado (Spain). By using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test, the results confirm that the time series can be modelled with this type of mixed distribution. Based on this, the return values and the confidence intervals for wave height in different periods of time are also calculated.
Interlocking design, programmable laser manufacturing and testing for architectured ceramics
Authors: Yazdani Sarvestani H. , Esmail I. , Katz Z. , Jain S. , Sa J. H. , Backman D. , Ashrafi B.
Published: October 2022

Tough and impact-resistant ceramic systems offer a wide range of remarkable opportunities beyond those offered by the conventional brittle ceramics. However, despite their promise, the availability of traditional manufacturing technique for fabricating such advanced ceramic structures in a highly controllable and scalable manner poses a significant manufacturing bottleneck. In this study, a precise and programmable laser manufacturing system was used to manufacture topologically interlocking ceramics. This manufacturing strategy offers feasible mechanisms for a precise material architecture and quantitative process control, particularly when scalability is considered. An optimized material removal method that approaches near-net shaping was employed to fabricate topologically interlocking ceramic systems (load-carrying assemblies of building blocks interacting by contact and friction) with different architectures (i.e., interlocking angles and building block sizes) subjected to low-velocity impact conditions. These impacts were evaluated using 3D digital image correlation. The optimal interlocked ceramics exhibited a higher deformation (up to 310%) than the other interlocked ones advantageous for flexible protections. Their performance was tuned by controlling the interlocking angle and block size, adjusting the frictional sliding, and minimizing damage to the building blocks. In addition, the developed subtractive manufacturing technique leads to the fabrication of tough, impact-resistant, damage-tolerant ceramic systems with excellent versatility and scalability.
Combining OSMAC, metabolomic and genomic methods for the production and annotation of halogenated azaphilones and ilicicolins in termite symbiotic fungi
Authors: Hebra Téo , Pollet Nicolas , Touboul David , Eparvier Véronique
Published: October 2022

We gathered a collection of termite mutualistic strains from French Guiana to explore the metabolites of symbiotic microorganisms. Molecular networks reconstructed from a metabolomic analysis using LC–ESI–MS/MS methodology led us to identify two families of chlorinated polyketides, i.e., azaphilones from Penicillium sclerotiorum and ilicicolins from Neonectria discophora. To define the biosynthetic pathways related to these two types of scaffolds, we used a whole genome sequencing approach followed by hybrid assembly from short and long reads. We found two biosynthetic gene clusters, including two FAD-dependent halogenases. To exploit the enzymatic promiscuity of the two identified FAD halogenases, we sought to biosynthesize novel halogenated metabolites. An OSMAC strategy was used and resulted in the production of brominated analogs of ilicicolins and azaphilones as well as iodinated analogs of azaphilones.
Numerical simulation of closed plastic impeller molding process and its parameter optimization
Authors: Fang Mingyue , Zhu Zhaozhe , Zhang Zhendong
Published: October 2022

Aiming at the warping deformation and volume shrinkage of the closed plastic impeller, the relevant compression molding process parameters were optimized.Based on the theoretical equation of the pressing pressure for general sheet plastics, the theoretical derivation of the pressing pressure suitable for cylindrical cavities was carried out, and the theoretical derivation of the pressing pressure suitable for closed plastic impeller molding was derived, and the pressing pressure was calculated to be 15 MPa. The warpage deformation and shrinkage rates under different combinations of process parameters were obtained, and the influence of process parameters on warpage deformation and shrinkage rates, as well as the two combinations of process parameters that satisfy the best warpage deformation and shrinkage rates, respectively, were obtained by extreme difference analysis. A GA-BP neural network model was established for the prediction of the process parameters of closed plastic impeller compression molding, and the prediction curves were fitted into a function to obtain a set of process parameter combinations with optimal warpage and shrinkage at the same time by using the multi-objective optimization function of NSGA-II algorithm.
The effect of action contingency on social perception is independent of person-like appearance and is related to deactivation of the frontal component of the self-agency network
Authors: Hamamoto Yumi , Takahara Yukiko , dos Santos Kawata Kelssy Hitomi , Kikuchi Tatsuo , Suzuki Shinsuke , Kawashima Ryuta , Sugiura Motoaki
Published: October 2022

The detection of object movement that is contingent on one’s own actions (i.e., movements with action contingency) influences social perception of the object; such interactive objects tend to create a good impression. However, it remains unclear whether neural representation of action contingency is associated with subsequent socio-cognitive evaluation of “contacting agents”, or whether the appearance of agents (e.g., face- or non-face-like avatars) is essential for this effect. In this study, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task with two phases: contact (contact with face- or non-face-like avatars moving contingently or non-contingently) and recognition (rating a static image of each avatar). Deactivation of the frontoparietal self-agency network and activation of the reward network were the main effects of action contingency during the contact phase, consistent with previous findings. During the recognition phase, static avatars that had previously moved in a contingent manner deactivated the frontal component of the frontoparietal network (bilateral insula and inferior-middle frontal gyri), regardless of person-like appearance. Our results imply that frontal deactivation may underlie the effect of action contingency on subsequent social perception, independent of person-like appearance.
Influence of prenatal exercise on the relationship between maternal overweight and obesity and select delivery outcomes
Authors: McDonald Samantha M. , Mouro Steven , Wisseman Breanna , Isler Christy , DeVente James , Newton Edward , Hildebrand Jason , Kuehn Devon , Kelley George , Chasan-Taber Lisa , Broskey Nicholas T. , May Linda E.
Published: October 2022

Women with overweight or obesity (OWOB) have an increased risk of cesarean birth, preterm birth (PTB), and high birth weight infants. Although regular exercise decreases this risk in healthy weight women, these associations have not been explored in OWOB. Women were randomized at 13–16 weeks’ gestation to 150-min of moderate-intensity exercise (n = 131) or non-exercising control (n = 61). Delivery mode, gestational age (GA), and birth weight (BW) were obtained via electronic health records. Pregnant exercisers had no differences in risk of cesarean birth, PTB, or BW compared to control participants. OWOB exercisers had higher rates of cesarean birth (27.1% vs. 11.1%), trends of higher PTB (15.3% vs. 5.6%), but normal weight babies relative to normal weight exercisers. Controlling for race and body mass index (BMI), maternal exercise reduced the relative risk (RR) for cesarean birth from 1.63 to 1.43. Cesarean births predicted by pre-pregnancy BMI and fitness level, whereas BW was predicted by race, gestational weight gain (GWG), pre-pregnancy fitness level, and exercise level. Cesarean birth was predicted by pre-pregnancy BMI and fitness level, while maternal exercise reduced the magnitudes of the relative risks of cesarean birth. Maternal exercise, pre-pregnancy fitness level, and GWG predict neonatal BW.

Trial Registration:Influence of Maternal Exercise on Infant Skeletal Muscle and Metabolomics-#NCT03838146, 12/02/2019,https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/template/EditRecord.vm?epmode=Edit&listmode=Edit&uid=U0003Z0X&ts=8&sid=S0008FWJ&cx=77ud1i.
Antarctic aldehyde dehydrogenase from Flavobacterium PL002 as a potent catalyst for acetaldehyde determination in wine
Authors: Paun V. I. , Banciu R. M. , Lavin P. , Vasilescu A. , Fanjul-Bolado P. , Purcarea C.
Published: October 2022

Latest solutions in biotechnologies and biosensing targeted cold-active extremozymes. Analysis of acetaldehyde as a relevant quality indicator of wine is one example of application that could benefit from using low-temperatures operating catalysts. In search of novel aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) with high stability and activity at low temperatures, the recombinant S2-ALDH from the Antarctic Flavobacterium PL002 was obtained by cloning and expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Structural and phylogenetic analyses revealed strong protein similarities (95%) with psychrophilic homologs, conserved active residues and structural elements conferring enzyme flexibility. Arrhenius plot revealed a conformational shift at 30 °C, favoring catalysis (low activation energy) at lower temperatures. In addition to a broad substrate specificity with preference for acetaldehyde (Km = 1.88 mM), this enzyme showed a high tolerance for ethanol (15%) and several salts and chelators (an advantage for wine analysis), while being sensitive to mercury (I50 = 1.21 µM). The neutral optimal pH (7.5) and the stability up to 40 °C and after lyophilization represent major assets for developing S2-ALDH-based sensors. An enzymatic electrochemical assay was developed for acetaldehyde detection in wines with proven accuracy in comparison with the reference spectrophotometric method, thus evidencing the potential of S2-ALDH as effective biocatalyst for industry and biosensing.
Parental religiosity is associated with changes in youth functional network organization and cognitive performance in early adolescence
Authors: Brooks Skylar J. , Tian Luyao , Parks Sean M. , Stamoulis Catherine
Published: October 2022

Parental religious beliefs and practices (religiosity) may have profound effects on youth, especially in neurodevelopmentally complex periods such as adolescence. In n = 5566 children (median age = 120.0 months; 52.1% females; 71.2% with religious affiliation) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, relationships between parental religiosity and non-religious beliefs on family values (data on youth beliefs were not available), topological properties of youth resting-state brain networks, and executive function, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility were investigated. Lower caregiver education and family income were associated with stronger parental beliefs (p < 0.01). Strength of both belief types was correlated with lower efficiency, community structure, and robustness of frontoparietal control, temporoparietal, and dorsal attention networks (p < 0.05), and lower Matrix Reasoning scores. Stronger religious beliefs were negatively associated (directly and indirectly) with multiscale properties of salience and default-mode networks, and lower Flanker and Dimensional Card Sort scores, but positively associated with properties of the precuneus. Overall, these effects were small (Cohen’s d ~ 0.2 to ~ 0.4). Overlapping neuromodulatory and cognitive effects of parental beliefs suggest that early adolescents may perceive religious beliefs partly as context-independent rules on expected behavior. However, religious beliefs may also differentially affect cognitive flexibility, attention, and inhibitory control and their neural substrates.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Quadratic multiple
regression model and spectral relaxation approach for carreau nanofluid inclined magnetized
dipole along stagnation point geometry
Authors: El Din Sayed M. , Darvesh Adil , Ayub Assad , Sajid Tanveer , Jamshed Wasim , Eid Mohamed R. , Hussain Syed M. , Sánchez-Chero Manuel , Ancca Sheda Méndez , Ramírez Cerna Johana Milagritos , Dapozzo Carmen Luisa Aquije
Published: October 2022

Researchers across the world have tried to explore the impact of
non-Newtonian liquid flowing via an extendable surface with the inclusion of various
effects due to its industrial and engineering applications like polymer production,
paper production, filament extrusion from a dye, etc. This study investigates the
behavior of stagnation point flow of Carreau liquid attached with inclined magnetic
effect and spectral relaxation approach is utilized here for the numerical outcome. In
this study, a few other vital features are attached like the quadratic multiple
regression model for Nusselt number evaluation, passive control of nanoparticles, viscus
heating thermophoresis, Brownian motion, and mixed convection, etc. Velocity
disbursement visibility is analyzed by placing an inclined magnetic field. Physical
model generates collection of partial differential equations (PDEs) and these PDEs are
moved into ordinary differential equations by a similarity transformations scheme.
Further for numerical process, spectral relaxation method is used. Growth in K causes a reduction in velocity because this parameter
K creates the impedance to flowing resulting in
confines the movement of liquid in restricted the plate. Direct relation is found
between $$Ec$$

Ec

and the energy file. In the case of S > 1, physically it is a
representation of Joule and viscous dissipations. This article is novel in its sense
that the influence of oblique magnetic force and second order velocity slippage on
Carreau nano liquid and its numerical computation with help of the spectral relaxation
method has never been done before. Furthermore, the quadratic multiple regression model
has been employed to find the heat transition rate in the status of the Nusselt
number.
Decontamination potential of date palm fruit via non-thermal plasma technique
Authors: Lotfy Khaled , Al‐Qahtani Salem , Al-Harbi Nadi , El-Absy Karima , Shulaybi Faisal Bu , Alali Saeed , Mashtoly Tamer
Published: October 2022

The potential of the surface dielectric barrier discharge technique (SDBD) was evaluated to decontaminate the date palm fruit. Preliminary investigations emphasized that Aspergillus niger fungus was predominant in most date samples as a post-harvest infestation. The influence of SDBD techniques on the viability of A. niger isolated from date varieties was investigated and documented. Physical and chemical characterizations of treated dates were assessed, and statistical correlation coefficients were calculated and elucidated. A 4 log10 reduction of A. niger radial growth was observed at 3 min exposure/15 days of incubation. Simultaneous reductions in pH, water activity, and moisture content of treated dates were observed when compared to untreated dates. Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between physical and chemical variables with the viability of A. niger in treated samples. Therefore, we believe that SDBD treatment will be a promising technique for decontaminating date fruits from attacked fungi, which will positively impact sustainable food security and consumer health.
Assessing the challenges of e-learning in Malaysia during the pandemic of Covid-19 using the geo-spatial approach
Authors: Jafar Adi , Dollah Ramli , Sakke Nordin , Mapa Mohammad Tahir , Hua Ang Kean , Eboy Oliver Valentine , Joko Eko Prayitno , Hassan Diana , Hung Chong Vun
Published: October 2022

The outbreak of the pandemic Covid-19 has transformed the education system in most countries worldwide. Following the lockdown measures in Malaysia, the Malaysian education system has fully transformed from conventional learning to online learning or known as e-learning as an alternative to minimize social contacts and physical communication to curb the transmission of Covid-19. In this regard, this study aims to identify the challenges faced by students in higher learning institutions throughout Malaysia during the implementation of the e-learning program. This study is based on a large sampling consisting of 2394 students from both public and private universities. The result from this study is analyzed through inferential methods such as the Spatial Analysis, the Principal Component Analysis, and the Mann–Whitney U test and through descriptive methods using the frequency analysis and the percentage analysis. Findings from this study suggest that location significantly influenced the challenges faced by students throughout the implementation of e-learning in higher learning institutions. For example, students in rural areas which can be identified as “vulnerable groups” are more likely to face both technical and connection with the internet access, tend to have a declining focus on learning and are prone to physical health problems, facing social isolation and low digital literacy compared to students in urban areas. Based on geographical analysis, students in Sabah, Perlis, and Melaka are most at risk of facing e-learning challenges. An anomaly case of students in Kuala Lumpur, however, posed another different result compared to other cities as they confront similar challenges with students in rural areas. This study provides the nuances of location and its implications for vulnerable groups that may put them at disadvantage in the e-learning program. Findings from this study will help to inform the relevant authorities and policymakers in improving the implementation of e-learning in Malaysia, especially towards the vulnerable groups so that it can be delivered more systematically and efficiently.
Associations among internet addiction, lifestyle behaviors, and dental caries among high school students in Southwest Japan
Authors: Iwasaki Masanori , Kakuta Satoko , Ansai Toshihiro
Published: October 2022

Internet addiction (IA) negatively affects adolescents’ lifestyle behaviors. Inappropriate lifestyle behaviors could have negative effects on dental health. This cross-sectional study aimed to test whether IA was indirectly associated with dental caries through unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among high school students in southwest Japan. IA was characterized by a Young's Internet Addiction Test score of ≥ 50, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors by a cumulative count of 8 different lifestyle behaviors (termed the unhealthy lifestyle behavior index [ULBI]), and dental caries by the number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT). Poisson regression and linear regression models were fitted to the relationship, with IA as the exposure, the ULBI as the mediator, and the DMFT as the outcome. The natural indirect effect (NIE) and the proportion mediated by the ULBI were estimated by performing a mediation analysis. Overall, 1562 high school students were included. IA was observed in 406 participants and was associated with a larger DMFT. The ULBI significantly mediated the association between IA and the DMFT (NIE: incidence rate ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.07, proportion mediated = 64.3%). Dental caries was more common in our cohort of high school students with IA, which is partially explained by these students having unhealthy lifestyle behaviors.
Highly efficient and durable antimicrobial nanocomposite textiles
Authors: Novi Vinni Thekkudan , Gonzalez Andrew , Brockgreitens John , Abbas Abdennour
Published: October 2022

Healthcare associated infections cause millions of hospitalizations and cost billions of dollars every year. A potential solution to address this problem is to develop antimicrobial textile for healthcare fabrics (hospital bedding, gowns, lab coats, etc.). Metal nanoparticle-coated textile has been proven to possess antimicrobial properties but have not been adopted by healthcare facilities due to risks of leaching and subsequent loss of function, toxicity, and environmental pollution. This work presents the development and testing of antimicrobial zinc nanocomposite textiles, fabricated using a novel Crescoating process. In this process, zinc nanoparticles are grown in situ within the bulk of different natural and synthetic fabrics to form safe and durable nanocomposites. The zinc nanocomposite textiles show unprecedented microbial reduction of 99.99% (4 log10) to 99.9999% (6 log10) within 24 h on the most common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungal pathogens. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity remains intact even after 100 laundry cycles, demonstrating the high longevity and durability of the textile. Independent dermatological evaluation confirmed that the novel textile is non-irritating and hypoallergenic.
A dynamical traffic flow model for a cognitive drivers' sensitivity in Lagrangian scope
Authors: Hossain Md. Anowar , Tanimoto Jun
Published: October 2022

A new microscopic traffic flow model is established based on heterogeneous driver's sensitivity; in this new model, the driver's sensitivity is defined as being dependent on the headway distances to the preceding vehicle, similar to Bando’s optimal velocity function. We introduce the formulation of this cognitive driver's sensitivity utilizing a modified form of Bando’s optimal velocity function. A simple methodology, which is used for improving Bando’s optimal velocity function, has been implemented for developing the cognitive driver’s sensitivity function, which establishes a correlation between the flow field’s density and human drivers' responses. The model is highly advanced for introducing a human-driven traffic flow field considering the driver’s mental behavioral activity. Using the linear stability condition, we elucidate a neutral stability condition. A series of numerical simulations indicates how the present model describes dynamics that differ from the conventional model, which assumes a constant driver's sensitivity.
A label-free fluorescent aptasensor based on the AIE effect and CoOOH for ultrasensitive determination of carcinoembryonic antigen
Authors: Ju Yulong , Tang Qiukai , Yang Yiwen , Zeng Yanbo , Zhai Yunyun , Wang Hailong , Li Zuguang , Li Lei
Published: October 2022

A label-free fluorescent aptasensor based on the AIE effect and CoOOH platform was developed and used to detect CEA with high sensitivity and specificity. The proposed aptasensor can detect CEA in serum samples of cancer patients with high accuracy.
Monitoring the electrochemical reactions on a gold nanoelectrode arrayviafluorescence-enabled electrochemical imaging
Authors: Li Xiuxiu , Qin Xiang , Wu Yafeng , Wang Kang , Xia Xinghua , Liu Songqin
Published: October 2022

We first observed the electrochemical reaction on an independent gold nanoelectrodeviasuper-resolution fluorescence imaging achieved by anchoring fluorescent molecules on the surface of the nanoelectrode and using an ionic liquid as the electrolyte.
Halide–propene complexes: validated DSD-PBEP86-D3BJ calculations and photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Watson Peter D. , Corkish Timothy R. , Haakansson Christian T. , McKinley Allan J. , Wild Duncan A.
Published: October 2022

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to determine the electron binding energies of the X−⋯C3H6(X = Cl, Br, I) complexes.
Rapid quantitative analysis of palladium in ores using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted with laser-induced fluorescence (LIBS-LIF)
Authors: Elhamdaoui Ismail , Mohamed Nessrine , Selmani Samira , Bouchard Paul , Sabsabi Mohamad , Constantin Marc , Vidal François
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the use of conventional LIBS and LIBS-LIF techniques for measuring trace amounts of palladium in solid ore samples.
Autonomous wearable sweat rate monitoring based on digitized microbubble detection
Authors: Lin Haisong , Yu Wenzhuo , Suarez Jorge Emiliano De Dios , Athavan Harish , Wang Yibo , Yeung Christopher , Lin Shuyu , Sankararaman Sriram , Milla Carlos , Emaminejad Sam
Published: October 2022

A digitized microbubble detection mechanism delivered by a hybrid microfluidic/electronic system is devised for autonomous wearable high signal-to-noise ratio sweat rate monitoring.
Surface engineered Fe3O4 nanomagnets for pH-responsive delivery of gemcitabine hydrochloride and in vivo tracking by radiolabeling
Authors: Dutta Bijaideep , Shelar Sandeep B. , Barick K. C. , Shetty Priyalata , Chakravarty Rubel , Chakraborty Sudipta , Checker Swati , Sarma H. D. , Hassan P. A.
Published: October 2022

Polyphosphate grafted Fe3O4 nanomagnets for pH-responsive drug delivery and their in vivo tracking by 64Cu and 177Lu radiolabeling.
van der Waals integration of mixed-dimensional CeO2@Bi heterostructure for high-performance self-powered photodetector with fast response speed
Authors: Liu Xinlin , Liu Cailing , Fu Yushuang , Xu Yiguo , Khan Karim , Tareen Ayesha Khan , Zhang Ye
Published: October 2022

CeO2@Bi van der Waals heterostructure has been utilized for photoelectrochemical-type photodetector. The photodetector shows self-powered photodetection with fast response speed and good long-term cycle stability in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte.
Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl thiazoles via [3 + 2] cycloaddition of pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates with CF3CN
Authors: Yao Yunfei , Lin Bo , Wu Minze , Zhang Yafang , Huang Yangjie , Han Xiaoyan , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: October 2022

A [3 + 2] cycloaddition of pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates with CF3CN for the synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles is reported.
The missing MIL-101(Mn): geometrically guided synthesis and topologically correlated valence states
Authors: Xiao Yonghong , Li Mian , Chen Jian-Rui , Lian Xin , Huang Yong-Liang , Huang Xiao-Chun
Published: October 2022

Through a geometrically guided approach, i.e. with the aid of pyridyl modulators, the long-sought MIL-101(Mn) structure is finally achieved, which features emergent topologically correlated mixed-valence states that are apt for enzymatic catalysis.
Centimeter-sized single crystals of 2D hybrid perovskites toward ultraviolet photodetection with anisotropic photoresponse
Authors: Niu Xinyi , Liang Lishan , Zhang Xinyuan , Wang Ziyang , Zhu Tingting , Wu Jianbo , Guan Qianwen , Hua Lina , Luo Junhua
Published: October 2022

Centimeter-sized high-quality single crystals made into photodetectors exhibited considerable anisotropic properties and sensitive photodetection capabilities under ultraviolet illumination.
Rh(iii)-catalyzed substrate-dependent oxidative (spiro)annulation of isoquinolones with diazonaphthoquinones: selective access to new spirocyclic and oxepine-fused polycyclic compounds
Authors: Guo Shenghai , Zhang Ziyi , Zhu Yuanqing , Wei Zhaotong , Zhang Xinying , Fan Xuesen
Published: October 2022

An efficient protocol for the selective synthesis of novel isoquinolone-containing spirocyclic and oxepine-fused polycyclic compoundsviarhodium(iii)-catalyzed (spiro)annulation ofNH-isoquinolones with diazonaphthalen-2(1H)-ones is reported.
Rescuing the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes by host–guest isolation
Authors: He Yanfeng , Mao Caihong , Duan Mingwan , Fan Linmeng , Wang Xiaohan , Cai Yan , Du Min , Hu Minli , Hu Ping , Cheng Qiuyu , Hu Xiaobo
Published: October 2022

A host molecule with an open and flexible backbone was synthesized and is capable of recognizing various perylene diimide dyes. The host exhibits unique universality in improving the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes.
Zr4+ solution structures from pair distribution function analysis
Authors: Kløve Magnus , Christensen Rasmus Stubkjær , Nielsen Ida Gjerlevsen , Sommer Sanna , Jørgensen Mads Ry Vogel , Dippel Ann-Christin , Iversen Bo Brummerstedt
Published: October 2022

Zr4+ solution structures have been determined using X-ray pair distribution function analysis across pH, concentrations, solvents and metal sources.
Assessing the impact of two independent direction-dependent calibration algorithms on the LOFAR 21 cm signal power spectrum
Authors: Gan H. , Mertens F. G. , Koopmans L. V. E. , Offringa A. R. , Mevius M. , Pandey V. N. , Brackenhoff S. A. , Ceccotti E. , Ciardi B. , Gehlot B. K. , Ghara R. , Giri S. K. , Iliev I. T. , Munshi S.
Published: October 2022

Context.Detecting the 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionisation (EoR) has been highly challenging due to the strong astrophysical foregrounds, ionospheric effects, radio frequency interference (RFI), and instrumental effects. Better characterisation of their effects and precise calibration are, therefore, crucial for the 21 cm EoR signal detection.

Aims.In this work we introduce a newly developed direction-dependent calibration algorithm calledDDECAL, and compare its performance with an existing direction-dependent calibration algorithm calledSAGECAL, in the context of the LOFAR-EoR 21 cm power spectrum experiment.

Methods.We process one night of data from LOFAR observed by the HBA system. The observing frequency ranges between 114 and 127 MHz, corresponding to the redshift from 11.5 and 10.2. The north celestial pole (NCP) and its flanking fields were observed simultaneously in this data set. We analyse the NCP and one of the flanking fields. While the NCP field is calibrated by the standard LOFAR-EoR processing pipeline, usingSAGECALfor the direction-dependent calibration with an extensive sky model and 122 directions, for the RA 18h flanking field,DDECALandSAGECALare used with a relatively simple sky model and 22 directions. Additionally, two different strategies are used for the subtraction of the very bright and far sources Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A.

Results.The resulting estimated 21 cm power spectra show thatDDECALperforms better at subtracting sources in the primary beam region, due to the application of a beam model, whileSAGECALperforms better at subtracting Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A. The analysis shows that including a beam model during the direction-dependent calibration process significantly improves its overall performance. The benefit is obvious in the primary beam region. We also compare the 21 cm power spectra results on two different fields. The results show that the RA 18h flanking field produces better upper limits compared to the NCP for this particular observation.

Conclusions.Despite the minor differences betweenDDECALandSAGECAL, due to the beam application, we find that the two algorithms yield comparable 21 cm power spectra on the LOFAR-EoR data after foreground removal. Hence, the current LOFAR-EoR 21 cm power spectrum limits are not likely to depend on the direction-dependent calibration method. For this particular observation, the RA 18h flanking field seems to produce improved upper limits (~30%) compared to the NCP.
Insomnie-Screening mit dem Home Sleep Test
Authors: Hofmann Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Die Insomnie ist mit einer Prävalenz von 10 % bis 30 % eine weit verbreitete Schlafstörung. Folgeerkrankungen, Fehlzeiten und Unfälle bewirken erhebliche indirekte Kosten. Daher sollten Insomnien frühzeitig erkannt und behandelt werden. Die Polysomnografie ist der Goldstandard zur Untersuchung von Schlafmustern, aber eine teure und aufwändige Methode. Die Aktigrafie wurde als eine Alternative zur Bewertung von Schlaf-Wach-Mustern vorgeschlagen, sie kann jedoch keine Auskunft über Schlafstadien und Schlafqualität geben. Basierend auf einer Kombination von Aktigrafie mit einem vereinfachten EEG-System wurde ein drahtloser, am Kopf getragener Schlafmonitor entwickelt (Home Sleep Test, HST). Die leichte Applikation der Sensoren und die Datenübertragung via HST-Cloud ermöglichen die Beurteilung des Schlafverhaltens in der häuslichen Umgebung. Über die Cloud-basierte Analyse-Software sind AASM-konforme Analysen und die Erstellung von Reports möglich. Mit dem HST steht ein kosteneffektiver, ambulanter Insomnie-Screener zur Verfügung, der mit seiner minimalisierten Sensorik viele für ein Hypnogramm erforderlichen Signale aufzeichnet und die Insomnie-Diagnostik verbessern kann.
Digitale Biomarker
Authors: Meister Sven , Burmann Anja
Published: October 2022

Daten fungieren vermehrt als eine Art „neues Blut“. Sie können für die Versorgung und Forschung relevante Informationen in Form von Mustern enthalten, welche mithilfe von Algorithmen erschlossen werden. Dieser Beitrag formuliert praktische Rahmenbedingungen für „Digitale Biomarker“, also das Zusammenspiel von Algorithmen und Gesundheitsdaten zur Extraktion von objektiven Parametern zur fachlichen Beurteilung. Anhand zweier Projekte zu den Indikationen der Epilepsie und der infantilen Zerebralparese werden die Einsatzbereiche sowie die erzielten Ergebnisse beschrieben.