bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lope de Vega en los paratextos de El Fénix de Minerva y arte de memoria (1626): sociabilidad literaria e imagen de autor
Authors: García Aguilar Ignacio
Published: March 2023

En los preliminares de El Fénix de Minerva (1626) se recoge un elogio de Velázquez de Acevedo dirigido a Lope. Seguidamente se imprime una respuesta del mismo Lope al autor del libro. Ambos paratextos intercambian elogios que ponderan la calidad de la obra literaria, al tiempo que ofrecen una definición flexible e interesada de lo que deba significar el término «Fénix», con el que se identifican tanto el autor del libro como Lope de Vega. El análisis de esta comunicación permite entender mejor cómo Lope usaba los paratextos para posicionarse en el sistema literario epocal.
El Quijote como novela satírica: Cadalso y las Cartas marruecas
Authors: Martínez Mata Emilio
Published: March 2023

El inicio de las Cartas marruecas de José de Cadalso sitúa al Quijote como modelo de las narraciones críticas características del siglo XVIII. Este trabajo analiza el significado de esa referencia, la interpretación del Quijote a la que alude Cadalso y sus consecuencias en la nueva concepción narrativa.
Del ingenio y la destreza: consideraciones sobre Cervantes como poeta
Authors: Santa-Aguilar Sara
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es abordar la pregunta sobre los méritos de Cervantes como poeta a partir del estudio de su poesía inserta. Este artículo se ocupará de dos nociones fundamentales para entender la figura del poeta en el siglo xvii: el ingenio y la destreza. Por un lado, el análisis de Cervantes como creador de diferentes poetas revela a un poeta diestro, capaz de ejercitarse en una amplia gama de estilos. Por otro lado, se ahondará en el análisis de las obras de los ‘buenos poetas’ de Cervantes, destacando el despliegue de su ingenio que hace que, más que repetidores de metáforas cristalizadas, se configuren como auténticos renovadores barrocos de la lírica de su tiempo.
Los «segundos Hércules» de la épica ibérica altomoderna: Magallanes (Mal Lara) y Vasco de Gama (Camoens)
Authors: Zulaica López Martín
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo señalamos cómo un famoso paralelo mitográfico de Os Lusíadas (1572) tuvo un claro precedente en el apenas conocido Hércules animoso (c. 1565) de Juan de Mal Lara, un poema heroico mítico-alegórico que establece una correspondencia entre los doce trabajos de Hércules y las hazañas de Carlos I de España. En ambos poemas se compara a Hércules por la separación de Abila y Calpe, con la consiguiente apertura de las aguas del Mediterráneo al Atlántico, con las principales hazañas marítimas de dos navegantes, Vasco de Gama en el texto de Camoens y Fernando de Magallanes en el de Mal Lara.
Ecos gongorinos en el teatro de Antonio Enríquez Gómez
Authors: González Cañal Rafael
Published: March 2023

Análisis de la impronta gongorina en el teatro de Antonio Enríquez Gómez, poeta y dramaturgo de la generación calderoniana que escribe sus obras en las décadas centrales del siglo XVII. En sus comedias aparece con claridad la sátira anticulterana, aunque también encontramos ecos de romances y de otros poemas gongorinos. Igualmente, se detecta en algunos pasajes de sus obras el contagio del estilo culterano, puesto de moda por el maestro cordobés y sus seguidores.
La fuerza de la naturaleza en el auto Las aventuras del hombre de Lope de Vega
Authors: Izquierdo Domingo Amparo
Published: March 2023

Lope de Vega incorpora diferentes textos bíblicos y exegéticos en la descripción del mundo y de la naturaleza del auto Las aventuras del hombre. Diferentes motivos como la tormenta, la ferocidad de los animales salvajes o el simbolismo de los elementos irreductibles —agua, tierra, fuego, aire— forman los peligros a los que se enfrenta el hombre peregrino en su andadura terrenal. Este artículo examina las influencias de la Patrística —como De Paradisus de S. Ambrosio— en la composición de la obra ya que recoge y transforma en materia dramática discursos y sermones de la época sobre el tema.
Un itinerario de leyendas y mitos hispánicos: la Historia del regno de’goti nella Spagna… del padre De Rogatis
Authors: Marcello Elena E.
Published: March 2023

El artículo prosigue la investigación sobre la obra del padre jesuita Bartolomeo De Rogatis titulada Il regno de’goti nella Spagna abbattuto e risorto, ovvero La perdita e racquisto della Spagna occupata da’ Mori que se difundió en Italia a partir de 1648, con el objeto de estudiar su recepción en los argumentos y los libretos italianos de los siglos XVII y XVIII. Alrededor de la figura de Rodrigo, último rey de los godos, la historia del jesuita constituye el marco para el desarrollo histórico-ficcional de algunos libretos, aquí reseñados.
«Con labio de metal, voz de diamante»: los significados sonoros en Los cabellos de Absalón
Authors: Monzó Clara
Published: March 2023

Entre cajas y clarines discurren sobre el tablado los personajes de Los cabellos de Absalón. La exuberancia sonora de la obra, bien distinta a la que ostentan los espectáculos palaciegos, constituye un muestrario de recursos y efectos auditivos que en escena adoptan significados varios. Estas páginas se plantean como un breve recorrido a través de los usos convencionales de la instrumentación en el corral, recalando fundamentalmente en las cajas, y las estrategias con las que Calderón subvierte los mecanismos usuales de la tragedia para jugar, por medio del silencio y la música, con las expectativas del público, al tiempo que retrata simbólicamente las oscuras motivaciones de sus protagonistas.
Concordia discors: elementos romanceriles en la dramaturgia de Jacinto Cordeiro
Authors: Mota Carlos , Zapatero Ane
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una segmentación de la comedia palatina El mal inclinado (1634) del dramaturgo portugués Jacinto Cordeiro, con arreglo al método establecido por Crivellari (2013). La segmentación se acompaña de un análisis que se centra particularmente en los pasajes en verso de romance de la pieza y las trazas del romancero viejo y nuevo que se encuentran en ella, con la finalidad de mejorar nuestra comprensión de las técnicas empleadas por Cordeiro para componer sus comedias.
Red Aracne Nodus: consolidación y nuevos horizontes en las Humanidades Digitales
Authors: Collantes Sánchez Carlos M.
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo recorre la primera etapa del proyecto Aracne: Red de Humanidades Digitales y Letras Hispánicas desde su origen en 2011 tras el seminario BIDESLITE. Se tratan los motivos de su creación, los proyectos de investigación fundadores y los objetivos alcanzados en la primera etapa. Asimismo, se tratan las perspectivas que se abren a la Red en su segunda etapa, las necesarias actualizaciones tecnológicas y se presentan a los nuevos proyectos de investigación que formarán parte de la Red.
Developing a Scale for Awareness of Cervical Cancer: Study of Validity and Reliability
Authors: GÜNEYSU TUNAMAN Seçil , UÇAKCI ASALIOĞLU Canan , YAMAN SÖZBİR Şengül
Published: March 2023

This study aims to develop a scale to determine women’s awareness of cervical cancer. In development of the scale. a systematic algorithm was performed. The developed scale was applied on 512 individuals and the data was collected face to face. Two groups were formed with participants (n1=256. n2=256). With the data collected from the first group. exploratory factor analysis was performed while with the data of the second group. and confirmatory factor analysis was performed. At the end of the exploratory factor analysis. it was found that the scale consisted of 18 items and three factors. The validity of the obtained construct was confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. It was also found that the Cronbach-alpha internal consistency coefficient for the whole scale was 0.84 and the internal consistency coefficients of sub-dimensions ranged among 0.69 and 0.83. For test-retest reliability coefficient. the scale was applied on the same group at 4 week intervals and the scale-wide correlation coefficient was calculated as 0.98 while it was found to be among 0.95 and 0.97 for sub-dimensions. therefore. correlation coefficients were found to be significant. The data collected indicated the scale was valid and reliable in measuring women’s awareness of cervical cancer.
2022 cybersecurity & privacy annual report
Authors: O'Reilly Patrick D , Rigopoulos Kristina , Feldman Larry , Witte Greg
Published: March 2023

During Fiscal Year 2022 (FY 2022) - from October 1, 2021, through September 30, 2022 -the NIST Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) Cybersecurity and Privacy Program successfully responded to numerous challenges and opportunities in security and privacy. This Annual Report highlights the FY 2022 research activities for the ITL Cybersecurity and Privacy Program, including: the ongoing participation and development of international standards; research and practical applications in several key priority areas (e.g., Post Quantum Cryptography, updating the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF 2.0) and some new CSF profiles); accomplishments in the area of improving software and supply chain cybersecurity; IoT cybersecurity guidelines work; National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence (NCCoE) projects, and setting up a new comment site for NIST's Risk Management Framework work. NIST also celebrated a 50th anniversary in cybersecurity and the NCCoE celebrated a 10-year anniversary since inception.
ZPT and essential oil of verveine to radically abolish malodour in a girl from Djibouti who had undergone to pharaonic circumcision and suffered from a Papouli-Roulides’ vaginal aspergillosis
Authors: Martini Lorenzo , Brzeziński Piotr , Igor Feszak
Published: March 2023

We have studied a new strategy to combat a serious vaginal aspergillosis that is common in girls cases from countries like Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan etc.; in which Type III FGM (Female Genital Mutilation) is practiced as pharaonic circumcision. It is well known that infibulation can cause chronic pain and infection, organ damage, prolonged micturition, urinary incontinence, inability to get pregnant, difficulty giving birth, obstetric fistula, and fatal bleeding. Moreover, the prolonged micturition and the urinary incontinence usually causes an unwanted characteristic odor. This is why females from those regions often have to rely on wearing long burnouses or on using fragrances based on musks, opoponax and myrrh to conceal the malodour.
The practice of using the ergonomics of the environment in the educational process of the university in the implementation of the discipline "Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports"
Authors: Yaroshenko Evgeniya Valer'evna , Zhuravleva Yuliya Ivanovna , Zapirov Zakir Magomedovich
Published: March 2023

The subject of the study is the process of physical education at the university. The object of the study is the educational and training work on physical culture and sports at the university.The purpose of the study is to study the ergonomics of the environment and its impact on the biomechanics of motor actions implemented in the educational process of university students in the discipline "Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports". In this work, the authors presented in the form of a set of research methods, which included such as theoretical (system analysis, generalization), empirical methods (observation, included observation, pedagogical experiment) and statistical methods. The obtained data recorded during the study, after analysis and statistical processing, allowed us to state the importance of taking into account the influence of the ergonomics of the environment and formulate a conclusion about the need for its use, recognizing the effectiveness of its application in the practice of the educational process in the implementation of the program material of the discipline "Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports" in the walls of higher school. The scope of the results. At the training sessions on the discipline "Elective courses (modules) in physical culture and sports" in high school.The main conclusions of the study are the use of regional features of the ergonomics of the environment in the educational process. Such a format of research contributes to the development of the relationship between the theory and practice of physical culture and sports in the organization of the educational process of students at the university, giving it not only a practice-oriented character, but also a potentially developing science in competitive market circumstances. The novelty of this study lies in the use of various sports complexes, recreational walking and training grounds above different sea levels, it is possible to achieve an increase in the level of acclimatization changes in the body of students, from which it can be concluded that the ergonomics of the environment is used in the educational process of the university.
"The Peasant Lady": an Existential Choice, Super-Difficult in Life, but Possible in Art
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: March 2023

The article offers a new, in fact, cultural and psychological version of Pushkin's famous story "The Peasant Lady". Various assessments of this work are given, including the author's, teenage. The author argues that the modern understanding of works of art involves an analysis of the culture in which it was created, as well as the author of this work. Realizing this installation, he discusses why Pushkin shifted to the reader the consideration of the consequences that followed from the last scene of the "Peasant Girl", when the deception-Lisa's game was revealed. According to the author, this would destroy the plot, since it would show that the behavior of Lisa and Alexey contradicted the ideas of marriage and the actions of young people accepted in Russian society at that time.   It is hypothesized that Pushkin, composing "The Peasant Lady", solved his own existential problem, which P. Chaadaev pointed out to him, namely, his real life contradicted Pushkin's declared values and poems. Unable to rebuild his life in 1830, Alexander Sergeevich compromises, reconciling the real and desirable life in the field of art, this largely explains the peculiarities of the "Peasant Lady". In Marina Tsvetaeva's work, there was also the use of art (and other discourses) to bridge the gap between real and desired life, which to a certain extent allowed the artist to realize himself and preserve his mental health.
Themes of Christian Spirituality, New Plastic Forms and Perception of Visual Formulas in the XXth Century French Musical and Theatrical Works
Authors: Azarova Valentina Vladimirovna
Published: March 2023

For the first time, the author of this article considered a set of themes related to Christian spirituality in the works by P. Claudel, A. Honegger and O. Messiaen which were created for the XXth century French synthetic theater and offered a new reading into the holiness and Christian behavior. New plastic forms of stage movement and dance, which depicted modern ways of organizing stage space, have been defined as an integral part of French works for musical theatre. What has also been found is the results of perceiving visual formulas in some of the XIIIth and XVth cenury paintings. Special plastic forms, which are subject to the laws of dance, shaped about a concept of "dancing form" in the XXth century French musical and theatrical works. In synthetic musical and theatrical works, a game of form, proportions, light and color was designed. Some XXth century French playwrights and musicians perceiving visual formulas in the XIIIth and XVth century paintings led to expanding the range of interacting elements pertaining to various arts in several musical and theatrical works. Those by P. Claudel, A. Honegger and O. Messiaen play a significant role on the stage and reveal both a “considerate attitude towards the past” and “mediation with modern life”, as H. G. Gadamer said.
Women's Clothing Culture of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Authors: Yang jing
Published: March 2023

Chinese traditional costume is one of the important carriers of Chinese culture. The process of the emergence and development of the culture of traditional Chinese costume also reflects the cultural background and evolution of ancient Chinese society. In the context of the strengthening of the Chinese economy, the inheritance and development of Chinese clothing culture is of great importance for modern society. The epochs of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties are a period of Chinese history marked by frequent wars, ethnic integration and convergence of various ideas. Against this background, there was a weakening of the Confucian "ritual" style, followed by the spread of the teachings of Xuan Xue, Buddhism and Taoism, and a freer, down-to-earth, elegant clothing culture appeared. This article consists of the following three parts: Diversity of social background; Artistic forms of costume culture of the Wei-Jin eras; Modern trends in the development of clothing culture. Based, among other things, on such material as the scroll painting "The Fairy of the Lo River" by the artist Gu Kaizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, this article analyzes the influence of the teachings of Xuan-xue, Buddhism and Taoism on the costume of the Wei and Jin dynasties, illustrates the direction of development of modern Chinese costume culture, and continued the path for the development of clothing culture with Chinese specifics.
MySQL Database Server: Deploying Software Application to Enhance Visibility and Accountability
Authors: Sunday Babatunde Olagoke , Nduka Sunday O
Published: March 2023

This study explored the design and development of customized enterprise web-based application management systems, which introduced a better approach on how to promote Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) supply chain management visibility, accountability, integration of inventory, real time location tracking and monitoring. The literature reveals that the pool of Web-based supply chain management apps and use represents the degree of responsiveness to institutional pressures, the effect of top management perception and support, and the role of organizational characteristics in the choice to adopt Web-based software application. A software development life cycle method was adopted combining a logistics management system with Web Services technology using waterfall approach. The result of this study provides an important information, for ITNs company to consider the implementation of Web-based application over the existing excel platform which will improve several ITNs processes across the supply chain such as better-quality supply chain transparency, reduction of costs related to labor, greater inventory visibility and management of transport channels as well as improvements in client’s service experience. The study recommends that the company (ITNs) should invest in IT hardware infrastructures (internet, computers, and software), create a better awareness and develop a comprehensive training for staff across all the state on how to use the web base application in addition to increasing the number of employees who are specifically assigned to become company administrators in order to provide faster and user-friendly services.
Effect of Fertility Levels and Boron on the Development and Production of Cauliflower
Authors: Meena Atma Ram , Bairwa L. N. , Choudhary M. R. , Meena Suman , Yadav Bhagchand
Published: March 2023

A field experiment consisting five levels of fertility and four levels of boron in RBD with three replications was conducted at Horticulture Farm, SKNAU, (Jaipur) during Rabi season. The findings showed that different levels of fertility used to have a significant impact on the growth, yield of cauliflower. Plant height at 30 and 60 DAT, the number of leaves per plant at 30 and 60 DAT and leaf area were all highest when 75% RDF through inorganic fertilizers and 25% RDF through vermicompost were applied. Also, it was found that the application of 50% RDF using inorganic fertilizers and 50% RDF through vermicompost treatment resulted in the highest curd yield per plot and curd yield per ha (190.89 q/ha).
The Potentials of Beekeeping Activities in Enhancing Local Livelihoods and Climate Change Adaptation in Semi-arid Areas of Tanzania
Authors: Sewando Ponsian T.
Published: March 2023

Beekeeping also referred to as apiculture activities in semi-arid areas of Tanzania has been playing a significant role in enhancing rural livelihoods and climate change adaptation. Beekeeping groups have been established to mobilize resources and ensure high quality bee products and reliable markets. However, information on the enhancement of rural livelihoods and climate change adaptation in arid areas is scarce. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the potential of bee keeping activities and climate change adaptation issues in semi-arid areas. A stratified sampling design was employed to select 90 respondents from beekeeping groups. Data were collected using questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, Gross Margin Return on Investment (GMROI), Capacity Performance Index (CPI) and Livelihood Index (LI). The study revealed that there is a high return to capital invested due to capacity performance of the smallholder beekeeper’s groups. The groups’ capacity resulted in strengthened climate change adaptation strategies and enhanced livelihoods. The study concludes that the beekeeping activities are perceived to have high return to capital invested. This also facilitates adaptation to climate change in the area through environmental conservation and local livelihoods support. Therefore, government and other stakeholders should continue capacitating beekeeping groups.
Dilemas entre biografia e música
Authors: Moraes José Geraldo Vinci de
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
CHOTIL, Mazé Torquato. Maria d’Apparecida. Negroluminosa voz. Esboço biográfico. São Paulo. Editora Alameda, 2020. 180 p.
Racismo brasileiro na longa duração
Authors: Guimarães Antonio Sérgio Alfredo
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
SANTOS, Ynaê Lopes. Racismo brasileiro: uma história da formação do país. São Paulo: Todavia, 2022. 345 p.
A mitologia maldita do racismo nosso, de cada dia
Authors: Rodrigues Núbia Bento
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
SILVEIRA, Renato da. A mitologia maldita: estereótipos políticos e raciais na gênese da indústria cultural. Salvador: Edufba, 2021. 436 p. il.
Em Busca da África, um livro para ser pensado
Authors: Martins Leda Maria
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
DIAWARA, Manthia. Em busca da África: pretitude e modernidade. São Paulo: Zahar, 2022. 420 p.
The New Crisis of Increasing All-Cause Mortality in US Children and Adolescents
Authors: Woolf Steven H. , Wolf Elizabeth R. , Rivara Frederick P.
Published: March 2023

This Viewpoint discusses increased rates in pediatric mortality by age and cause between 1999 and 2021.
Association of Life Expectancy With Surveillance Colonoscopy Findings and Follow-up Recommendations in Older Adults
Authors: Calderwood Audrey H. , Tosteson Tor D. , Wang Qianfei , Onega Tracy , Walter Louise C.
Published: March 2023

Importance

Surveillance after prior colon polyps is the most frequent indication for colonoscopy in older adults. However, to our knowledge, the current use of surveillance colonoscopy, clinical outcomes, and follow-up recommendations in association with life expectancy, factoring in both age and comorbidities, have not been studied.

Objective

To evaluate the association of estimated life expectancy with surveillance colonoscopy findings and follow-up recommendations among older adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This registry-based cohort study used data from the New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry (NHCR) linked with Medicare claims data and included adults in the NHCR who were older than 65 years, underwent colonoscopy for surveillance after prior polyps between April 1, 2009, and December 31, 2018, and had full Medicare Parts A and B coverage and no Medicare managed care plan enrollment in the year prior to colonoscopy. Data were analyzed from December 2019 to March 2021.

Exposures

Life expectancy (<5 years, 5 to <10 years, or ≥10 years), estimated using a validated prediction model.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcomes were clinical findings of colon polyps or colorectal cancer (CRC) and recommendations for future colonoscopy.

Results

Among 9831 adults included in the study, the mean (SD) age was 73.2 (5.0) years and 5285 (53.8%) were male. A total of 5649 patients (57.5%) had an estimated life expectancy of 10 or more years, 3443 (35.0%) of 5 to less than 10 years, and 739 (7.5%) of less than 5 years. Overall, 791 patients (8.0%) had advanced polyps (768 [7.8%]) or CRC (23 [0.2%]). Among the 5281 patients with available recommendations (53.7%), 4588 (86.9%) were recommended to return for future colonoscopy. Those with longer life expectancy or more advanced clinical findings were more likely to be told to return. For example, among patients with no polyps or only small hyperplastic polyps, 132 of 227 (58.1%) with life expectancy of less than 5 years were told to return for future surveillance colonoscopy vs 940 of 1257 (74.8%) with life expectancy of 5 to less than 10 years and 2163 of 2272 (95.2%) with life expectancy of 10 years or more (P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, the likelihood of finding advanced polyps and CRC on surveillance colonoscopy was low regardless of life expectancy. Despite this observation, 58.1% of older adults with less than 5 years’ life expectancy were recommended to return for future surveillance colonoscopy. These data may help refine decision-making about pursuing or stopping surveillance colonoscopy in older adults with a history of polyps.
Physical Frailty, Genetic Predisposition, and Incident Parkinson Disease
Authors: Zheng Zekun , Lv Yanling , Rong Shuang , Sun Taoping , Chen Liangkai
Published: March 2023

Importance

Cross-sectional evidence implicates high prevalent frailty in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), whereas the longitudinal association remains unknown.

Objectives

To examine the longitudinal association of the frailty phenotype with the development of PD and to explore the modification role of genetic risk of PD in such an association.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This prospective cohort study launched in 2006 to 2010 with a follow-up of 12 years. Data were analyzed from March 2022 to December 2022. The UK Biobank recruited over 500 000 middle-aged and older adults from 22 assessment centers across the United Kingdom. Participants who were younger than 40 years (n = 101), diagnosed with dementia or PD at baseline, and developed dementia, PD, or died within 2 years from baseline were excluded (n = 4050). Participants who had no genetic data or mismatch between genetic sex and reported gender (n = 15 350), were not of self-reported British White descent (n = 27 850), and had no data for frailty assessment (n = 100 450) or any covariates were also excluded (n = 39 706). The final analysis included 314 998 participants.

Exposures

The physical frailty was assessed by the Fried criteria’s frailty phenotype through 5 domains, ie, weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slow walking speed, and low grip strength. The polygenic risk score (PRS) for PD comprised 44 single-nucleotide variants.

Main Outcomes and Measures

New-onset PD was identified through the hospital admission electronic health records and death register.

Results

Among 314 998 participants (mean age, 56.1 years; 49.1% male), 1916 new-onset PD cases were documented. Compared with nonfrailty, the hazard ratio (HR) of incident PD in prefrailty and frailty was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.15-1.39) and 1.87 (95% CI, 1.53-2.28), respectively, and the absolute rate difference per 100 000 person-years was 1.6 (95% CI, 1.0-2.3) for prefrailty and 5.1 (95% CI, 2.9-7.3) for frailty. Exhaustion (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.22-1.62), slow gait speed (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.13-1.54), low grip strength (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.13-1.43), and low physical activity (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.00-1.25) were associated with incident PD. A significant interaction between frailty and PRS on PD was found and the highest hazard was observed in participants with frailty and high genetic risk.

Conclusions and Relevance

Physical prefrailty and frailty were associated with incident PD independent of sociodemographic factors, lifestyles, multiple morbidities, and genetic background. These findings may have implications for the assessment and management of frailty for PD prevention.
Passivating Perovskites in Air Via an Alternating Cation Interlayer Phase Formed by Benzylamine Vapor Fumigation
Authors: Qian Yicheng , Li Jinzhao , Cao Huanqi , Ren Zhixin , Dai Xiaodong , Huang Tingting , Zhang Shifu , Qiu Yuan , Yang Liying , Yin Shougen
Published: March 2023

2D perovskites are widely employed to improve efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but the processes are rarely accomplished in air due to the difficulty of controlling the formation processes. An ultra‐thin 2D capping layer with an alternating cation interlayer (ACI) structure is in situ formed by fumigating 3D perovskites with benzylamine vapor. The whole process is finished in air within 10 s regardless of the humidity, after which both defects and tensile strain are reduced and the interfacial energy band gets benignly aligned to a type‐I heterojunction, avoiding direct charge recombination at the interface. Theoretical analysis reveals that the ACI phase is thermodynamically more stable than an analogous Ruddlesden–Popper phase. The strategy can passivate various perovskites, including methylammonium (or multi‐cation) lead (or lead/tin mixed) halide perovskites, prepared via either vapor or solution approaches, increasing the absolute power conversion efficiency by up to 2.5%. It can uniformly passivate PSCs without area limitation, and provide a repeatable methodology for passivating perovskites.
A Hetero‐Layered, Mechanically Reinforced, Ultra‐Lightweight Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Wide‐Temperature‐Range, Solid‐State Sodium Batteries
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Zhang Min , Zhou Kefan , Wang Helin , Shao Ahu , Hou Liuyan , Wang Zhiqiao , Tang Xiaoyu , Bai Miao , Li Shaowen , Ma Yue
Published: March 2023

The practical use of polyethylene oxide polymer electrolyte in the solid‐state sodium metallic batteries (SSMBs) suffers from the retard Na+ diffusion at the room temperature, mechanical fragility as well as the oxidation tendency at high voltages. Herein, a hetero‐layered composite polymeric electrolyte (CPE) is proposed to enable the simultaneous interfacial stability with the high voltage cathodes (till 4.2 V) and Na metallic anode. Being incorporated within the polymer matrix, the sand‐milled Na3Zr2Si2PO12 nanofillers and nanocellulose scaffold collectively endow the thin‐layer (25 µm), ultralightweight (1.65 mg cm−2) CPE formation with an order of magnitude enhancement of the mechanical strength (13.84 MPa) and ionic conductivity (1.62 × 10−4 S cm−1) as compared to the pristine polymer electrolyte, more importantly, the improved dimension stability up to 180 °C. Upon the integration of the hetero‐layered CPE with the iron hexacyanoferrate FeHCF cathode (1 mAh cm−2) and the Na foil, the cell model can achieve the room‐temperature cycling stability (93.73% capacity retention for 200 cycles) as well as the high temperature tolerance till 80 °C, which inspires a quantum leap toward the surface‐wetting‐agent‐free, energy‐dense, wide‐temperature‐range SSMB prototyping.
Disrupting Intracellular Iron Homeostasis by Engineered Metal‐Organic Framework for Nanocatalytic Tumor Therapy in Synergy with Autophagy Amplification‐Promoted Ferroptosis
Authors: Du Jiahao , Zhou Mengting , Chen Qian , Tao Yichao , Ren Jun , Zhang Yang , Qin Huanlong
Published: March 2023

Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring good biocompatibility and tunable microstructures are developed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for nanocatalytic therapy. However, the relatively low catalytic activity of MOF and intracellular ion homeostasis, a self‐protective mechanism to resist the intracellular accumulation of metal ions, results in the undesirable efficacy of tumor therapy. Herein, a therapeutic strategy is introduced of breaking intracellular iron homeostasis for nanocatalytic therapy in synergy with autophagy amplification‐promoted ferroptosis, based on etched MOF nanocatalyst (denoted COS@MOF), which is self‐etched by thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and further modified with autophagy agonist chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). Such self‐etched MOF exhibit an open cavity structure that is more conducive to adsorbing reactive molecules and producing more active sites, and an enhanced Fe(II)/Fe(III) ratio, reinforcing catalytic activity for ROS generation. The catalytic process of COS@MOF can be accelerated by overexpressed endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) within colorectal tumors which reduces Fe3+ into more active Fe2+. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that COS@MOF amplifies autophagy to break iron homeostasis for facilitating ROS production to promote ferroptosis, achieving synergetic nanocatalytic/ferroptosis tumor therapy. This study provides a promising paradigm to elevate MOF‐based catalytic performance in synergy with autophagy amplification‐promoted ferroptosis for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
Thermodynamically Stable Dual‐Modified LiF&FeF3 layer Empowering Ni‐Rich Cathodes with Superior Cyclabilities
Authors: Chu Youqi , Mu Yongbiao , Zou Lingfeng , Hu Yan , Cheng Jie , Wu Buke , Han Meisheng , Xi Shibo , Zhang Qing , Zeng Lin
Published: March 2023

Pushing the limit of cutoff potentials allows nickel‐rich layered oxides to provide greater energy density and specific capacity whereas reducing thermodynamic and kinetic stability. Herein, a one‐step dual‐modified method is proposed for in situ synthesizing thermodynamically stable LiF&FeF3 coating on LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 surfaces by capturing lithium impurity on the surface to overcome the challenges suffered. The thermodynamically stabilized LiF&FeF3 coating can effectively suppress the nanoscale structural degradation and the intergranular cracks. Meanwhile, the LiF&FeF3 coating alleviates the outward migration of Oα− (α<2), increases oxygen vacancy formation energies, and accelerates interfacial Li+ diffusion. Benefited from these, the electrochemical performance of LiF&FeF3 modified materials is improved (83.1% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1C), even under exertive operational conditions of elevated temperature (91.3% capacity retention after 150 cycles at 1C). This work demonstrates that the dual‐modified strategy can simultaneously address the problems of interfacial instability and bulk structural degradation and represents significant progress in developing high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).
A Hierarchical Structured Fiber Device Remodeling the Acidic Tumor Microenvironment for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Yan , Yuan Ruiting , Luo Yang , Guo Xing , Yang Guang , Li Xilin , Zhou Shaobing
Published: March 2023

The acidic microenvironment of tumors significantly reduces the anti‐tumor effect of immunotherapy. Herein, a hierarchically structured fiber device is developed as a local drug delivery system for remodeling the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) to improve the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy. Proton pump inhibitors in the fiber matrix can be sustainedly released to inhibit the efflux of intracellular H+ from tumor cells, resulting in the remodeling of the acidic TME. The targeted micelles and M1 macrophage membrane‐coated nanoparticles in internal cavities of fiber can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells and phenotypic transformation of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), respectively. The relief of the acidity in the TME further promotes ICD and the polarization of TAMs, alleviating the immunosuppressive microenvironment and synergistically enhancing the antitumor immune response. In vivo results reveal this local drug delivery system restores the pH value of TME from 6.8 to 7.2 and exhibit an excellent immunotherapeutic effect.
Light‐Induced Bipolar Photoresponse with Amplified Photocurrents in an Electrolyte‐Assisted Bipolar p–n Junction
Authors: Fang Shi , Li Liuan , Wang Weiyi , Chen Wei , Wang Danhao , Kang Yang , Liu Xin , Jia Hongfeng , Luo Yuanmin , Yu Huabin , Memon Muhammad Hunain , Hu Wei , Ooi Boon S. , He Jr‐Hau , Sun Haiding
Published: March 2023

The p–n junction with bipolar characteristics sets the fundamental unit to build electronics while its unique rectification behavior constrains the degree of carrier tunability for expanded functionalities. Herein, a bipolar‐junction photoelectrode employed with a gallium nitride (GaN) p–n homojunction nanowire array that operates in electrolyte is reported, demonstrating bipolar photoresponse controlled by different wavelengths of light. Significantly, with rational decoration of a ruthenium oxides (RuOx) layer on nanowires guided by theoretical modeling, the resulting RuOx/p–n GaN photoelectrode exhibits unambiguously boosted bipolar photoresponse by an enhancement of 775% and 3000% for positive and negative photocurrents, respectively, compared to the pristine nanowires. The loading of the RuOxlayer on nanowire surface optimizes surface band bending, which facilitates charge transfer across the GaN/electrolyte interface, meanwhile promoting the efficiency of redox reaction for both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction which corresponds to the negative and positive photocurrents, respectively. Finally, a dual‐channel optical communication system incorporated with such photoelectrode is constructed with using only one photoelectrode to decode dual‐band signals with encrypted property. The proposed bipolar device architecture presents a viable route to manipulate the carrier dynamics for the development of a plethora of multifunctional optoelectronic devices for future sensing, communication, and imaging systems.
Degradation of Methylene Blue by Hot Electrons Transfer in SnSe
Authors: Fan Li , Su Xin , Zhu Hongliang , Liu Hao , Lou Shuai , Shi Yi , Yan Shancheng
Published: March 2023

The thermoelectric effect allows for the direct generation of potential gradients from the temperature gradient of the material, and this spontaneous formation of cathodes and anodes can greatly facilitate chemical reactions. Here, the thermoelectric conversion process of SnSe, which has proven to be the best thermoelectric material, and its catalytic effect in the degradation of methylene blue are studied. With excellent thermoelectric properties but no heavy metals contained, it is revealed that SnSe serves as a thermal catalyst for organic degradation. By manifestation of the UV absorption, the degradation efficiency of methylene blue is greatly enhanced with the help of SnSe as a catalyst, especially at high temperatures. By thermoelectric test and theoretical analysis, it is further demonstrated that the non‐equilibrium carriers of SnSe at high temperatures create a built‐in electric field along the temperature gradient, thereby contributing to electron transport during the degradation of methylene blue. These results show that SnSe has an outstanding degradation effect on methylene blue, providing a new pathway for the degradation of water pollution.
Current Status and Future Prospects of Hydrogen Sulfide Donor‐Based Delivery Systems
Authors: Lu Huangjie , Chen Yuying , Hu Ping
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is regarded as an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule in mammals. As a gas transmitter, it induces important biological effects in many physiological and pathological processes, and possesses great therapeutic potentials. However, this bioactive gas has concentration‐related toxicity, rapid evaporation, and high reactivity, making it inconvenient to use as a therapeutic agent. As an exogenous source of H2S, various H2S donors are developed to release H2S after triggering the response under specific conditions, so as to supplement the level of H2S in the body. Meanwhile, to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the possible toxicities of the H2S donors, various new materials or methods for H2S delivery are studied, realizing sustained/controlled release profiles as well as achieving triggered, long‐term, local or targeted delivery approaches for the gas. This review summarizes the representative H2S donors and the latest progress of hydrogen sulfide donor‐based delivery systems, and the applications of such delivery systems in a series of target diseases that are suitable and expected to be treated by H2S, in order to provide reference for the design of secure and efficient H2S donor drug delivery system. In addition, the future of this field is also prospected.
Variation in Early Anakinra Use and Short‐Term Outcomes in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Chang Joyce C. , Young Cameron C. , Muscal Eyal , Sexson Tejtel Sara K. , Newhams Margaret M. , Kucukak Suden , Crandall Hillary , Maddux Aline B. , Rowan Courtney M. , Halasa Natasha B. , Harvey Helen A. , Hobbs Charlotte V. , Hall Mark W. , Kong Michele , Aguiar Cassyanne L. , Schuster Jennifer E. , Fitzgerald Julie C. , Singh Aalok R. , Wellnitz Kari , Nofziger Ryan A. , Cvijanovich Natalie Z. , Mack Elizabeth H. , Schwarz Adam J. , Heidemann Sabrina M. , Newburger Jane W. , Zambrano Laura D. , Campbell Angela P. , Patel Manish M. , Randolph Adrienne G. , Son Mary Beth F. ,   the Overcoming COVID‐19 Investigators
Published: March 2023

Objective

Evidence regarding effectiveness of interleukin‐1 receptor antagonism in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) is lacking. We characterized variation in initial treatment with anakinra and evaluated cardiovascular outcomes associated with adding anakinra to standard initial therapy.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of MIS‐C cases in a US surveillance registry from November 2020 to December 2021. Day 0 was the first calendar day of immunomodulatory treatment. Factors associated with initial anakinra use (days 0–1) were identified. We compared cases in patients ages 2–20 years receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and glucocorticoids versus anakinra plus IVIG and/or glucocorticoids on days 0–1, using inverse probability weighting to balance disease severity. Primary outcomes were vasopressor requirement on day 3 and impaired left ventricular ejection fraction on days 3–4. The secondary outcome was 50% reduction in C‐reactive protein on day 3.

Results

Among 1,516 MIS‐C cases at 44 sites, 193 (13%) patients received anakinra alone or with other immunomodulators as initial treatment (range 0–74% by site). Site accounted for 59% of residual variance in anakinra use. After balancing disease severity, initial treatment with anakinra plus IVIG and/or glucocorticoids (n = 121) versus IVIG plus glucocorticoids (n = 389) was not associated with significant differences in vasopressor requirement (25.6% versus 20.1%, respectively; risk ratio [RR] 1.27 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.88–1.84]), ventricular dysfunction (33.7% versus 25.7%, respectively; RR 1.31 [95% CI 0.98–1.75]), or C‐reactive protein reduction.

Conclusion

We identified substantial variation in initial anakinra use in a real‐world population of children with MIS‐C, but no average short‐term improvement in cardiovascular outcomes associated with early addition of anakinra to IVIG and/or glucocorticoids compared to IVIG and glucocorticoids alone.
Barriers to domestic violence education in Northern Ireland: Pupils' views and experiences
Authors: Maguire Stephanie , Pentaraki Maria
Published: March 2023

Domestic violence (DV) in adult and young people's intimate partner relationships is a social and public health problem across the globe. Education can play an important and unique role in addressing DV; however, it remains relatively under‐investigated. The aim of this qualitative study set in Northern Ireland, the first of its kind, was to explore young people's views and experiences of DV education. Focus groups were conducted with 188 pupils (97 males and 91 females) aged 16 to 18 attending post‐primary school. The data were analysed using thematic analysis and reveal five barriers to DV education: (1) absence of DV teaching and learning; (2) DV is a taboo topic; (3) lack of teacher training and expertise on DV; (4) religious influence; (5) prioritisation of academic achievement over pupil wellbeing. The results demonstrate that changes are needed in schools to improve the role of schools in addressing DV. From this qualitative study, we make recommendations for how school‐based DV education may help prevent and protect young people against intimate partner violence.
Validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the self‐evaluation of negative symptoms
Authors: Chen Guangdong , Chen Jiayue , Tian Hongjun , Lin Chongguang , Zhu Jingjing , Ping Jing , Chen Langlang , Zhuo Chuanjun , Jiang Deguo
Published: March 2023

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia can be present at any clinical stage, but evaluating the negative symptoms always remains challenging. To screen the negative symptoms effectively, self‐evaluation should be introduced. To date, professional psychiatrists used almost all of the scales available to screen the negative symptoms but could not obtain an accurate outcome. At the same time, an advanced self‐assessment scale is needed to accompany the patients’ self‐feeling‐based treatment strategies to understand their feelings about their symptoms. Hence, Chinese self‐evaluation of negative symptoms (SNS) should be introduced in China. This study aims to examine the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of SNS. Two hundred patients with schizophrenia were included in this study and were evaluated entirely with the self‐assessed negative symptoms by the Chinese version. The correlation analysis was performed between SNS and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) to assess the criterion validity of SNS for screening negative symptoms. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the constructive validity of the SNS. Two senior professional psychiatrists were involved in this assessment based on their clinical experience and capability to define the severity of the negative symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the cutoff point of SNS. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient were used to determine the reliability of SNS. We have the following findings: The Chinese version of SNS demonstrated a significant correlation with the SANS (r = .774, p < .05). Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the factor loading varies from .442 to .788. ROC analysis demonstrated that at SNS ≥ 8, the patients demonstrated a mild severity of negative symptoms, and at SNS ≥ 15, the patients demonstrated a severe severity of negative symptoms. Subsequently, 9 < SNS < 14 was defined as a moderate severity of negative symptoms. The Cronbach's alpha and ICC coefficients of the Chinese version SNS were .877 and .774, respectively. Our results showed that the acceptable validity and reliability of the Chinese version of SNS confirmed that SNS is an ideal tool for self‐assessment of the negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.