bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of postoperative motor function in rolandic meningiomas
Authors: Ottenhausen Malte , Rumalla Kavelin , Younus Iyan , Minkowitz Shlomo , Tsiouris Apostolos John , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

Resection of supratentorial meningiomas is generally considered a low-risk procedure, but tumors involving the rolandic cortex present a unique challenge. The rate of motor function deterioration associated with resecting such tumors is not well described in the literature. Thus, the authors sought to report the rates and predictors of postoperative motor deficit following the resection of rolandic meningiomas to assist with patient counseling and surgical decision-making.

METHODS

An institution’s pathology database was screened for meningiomas removed between 2000 and 2017, and patients with neuroradiological evidence of rolandic involvement were identified. Parameters screened as potential predictors included patient age, sex, preoperative motor severity, tumor location, tumor origin (falx vs convexity), histological grade, FLAIR signal (T2-weighted MRI), venous involvement (T1-weighted MRI with contrast), intratumoral hemorrhage, embolization, and degree of resection (Simpson grade). Variables of interest included preoperative weakness and postoperative motor decline (novel or worsened permanent deficit). The SPSS univariate and bivariate analysis functions were used, and statistical significance was determined with alpha < 0.05.

RESULTS

In 89 patients who had undergone resection of convexity (80.9%) or parasagittal (19.1%) rolandic meningiomas, a postoperative motor decline occurred in 24.7%. Of 53 patients (59.6%) with preoperative motor deficits, 60.3% improved, 13.2% were unchanged, and 26.4% worsened following surgery. Among the 36 patients without preoperative deficits, 22.2% developed new weakness. Predictors of preoperative motor deficit included tumor size (41.6 vs 33.2 cm3, p = 0.040) and presence of FLAIR signal (69.8% vs 50.0%, p = 0.046). Predictors of postoperative motor decline were preoperative motor deficit (47.2% vs 22.2%, p = 0.017), minor (compared with severe) preoperative weakness (25.6% vs 21.4%, p < 0.001), and preoperative embolization (54.5% vs 20.5%, p = 0.014). Factors that trended toward significance included parafalcine tumor origin (41.2% vs 20.8% convexity, p = 0.08), significant venous involvement (44.4% vs 23.5% none, p = 0.09), and Simpson grade II+ (34.2% vs 17.6% grade I, p = 0.07).

CONCLUSIONS

Resection of rolandic area meningiomas carries a high rate of postoperative morbidity and deserves special preoperative planning. Large tumor size, peritumoral edema, preoperative embolization, parafalcine origin, and venous involvement may further increase the risk. Alternative surgical strategies, such as aggressive internal debulking, may prevent motor decline in a subset of high-risk patients.
Small sagittal vertical axis accompanied with lumbar hyperlordosis as a risk factor for developing postoperative cervical kyphosis after expansive open-door laminoplasty
Authors: Matsuoka Yuji , Suzuki Hidekazu , Endo Kenji , Sawaji Yasunobu , Murata Kazuma , Nishimura Hirosuke , Tanaka Hidetoshi , Yamamoto Kengo
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

Preoperative positive cervical sagittal imbalance and global sagittal imbalance are risk factors for postoperative cervical kyphosis after expansive open-door cervical laminoplasty (ELAP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the incidence of postoperative cervical kyphosis after ELAP and the preoperative global sagittal spinal alignment in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) without spinal sagittal imbalance.

METHODS

Among 84 consecutive patients who underwent ELAP for CSM at the authors’ hospital, 43 patients without preoperative cervical kyphosis (C2–7 angle ≥ 0°) and spinal sagittal imbalance (C2–7 sagittal vertical axis [SVA] ≤ 80 mm and C-7 SVA ≤ 95 mm) were included in the study. The global spinal sagittal parameters were measured on lateral whole-spine standing radiographs preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. The difference in preoperative global sagittal spinal alignment between the postoperative cervical lordosis group and the cervical kyphosis group was analyzed.

RESULTS

The incidence of postoperative cervical kyphosis after ELAP was 25.6% (11 of 43 cases). Thirty-two patients (16 men and 16 women; mean age 67.7 ± 12.0 years) had lordosis, and 11 (7 men and 4 women; mean age 67.2 ± 9.6 years) had kyphosis. The preoperative C-7 SVA and pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI−LL) in the kyphosis group were significantly smaller than those in the lordosis group (p < 0.05). The smaller C-7 SVA accompanied by a small PI−LL, the “truncal negative offset,” led to postoperative cervical kyphosis due to posterior structural weakening by ELAP.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with CSM without preoperative cervical and global spinal sagittal imbalance, a small SVA accompanied by lumbar hyperlordosis is the characteristic alignment leading to postoperative cervical kyphosis after ELAP.
Risk factors for anterior bone loss in cervical disc arthroplasty
Authors: Kieser David Christopher , Cawley Derek Thomas , Fujishiro Takashi , Mazas Simon , Boissière Louis , Obeid Ibrahim , Pointillart Vincent , Vital Jean-Marc , Gille Olivier
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of anterior bone loss (ABL) in cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) and the subsequent effect of this phenomenon.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective radiological review of 185 patients with a minimum 5-year follow-up after CDA (using Bryan, Discocerv, Mobi-C, or Baguera C). Postoperative radiographs were examined and compared to the initial postoperative films to determine the percentage of ABL. The relationship of ABL to potential risk factors was analyzed.

RESULTS

Complete radiological assessment was available in 145 patients with 193 CDRs and 383 endplates (average age 45 years, range 25–65 years, 54% women). ABL was identified in 63.7% of CDRs (48.7% mild, 11.9% moderate, 3.1% severe). Age (p = 0.770), sex (p = 0.200), postoperative alignment (p = 0.330), midflexion point (p = 0.509), maximal flexion (p = 0.080), and extension (p = 0.717) did not relate to ABL. There was no significant difference in the rate of severe ABL between implants. Multilevel surgery conferred an increased risk of any and severe ABL (p = 0.013 for both). The upper endplate, defined as superior to the CDA, was more commonly involved (p = 0.008), but there was no significant difference whether the endplate was between or not between implants (p = 0.226). The development of ABL did not affect the long-term range of movement (ROM) of the CDA, but did increase the overall risk of autofusion. ABL was not associated with pain or functional deficits. No patients required a reoperation or revision of their implant during the course of this study, and there were no cases of progressive ABL beyond the first year.

CONCLUSIONS

ABL is common in all implant types assessed, although most is mild. Age, sex, postoperative alignment, ROM, and midflexion point do not relate to this phenomenon. However, the greater the number of levels operated, the higher the risk of developing ABL. The development of ABL has no long-term effect on the mechanical functioning of the disc or necessity for revision surgery, although it may increase the rate of autofusion.
Trends in isolated lumbar spinal stenosis surgery among working US adults aged 40–64 years, 2010–2014
Authors: Raad Micheal , Donaldson Callum J. , El Dafrawy Mostafa H. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Riley Lee H. , Neuman Brian J. , Kebaish Khaled M. , Skolasky Richard L.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

Recommendations for the surgical treatment of isolated lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) (i.e., in the absence of concomitant scoliosis or spondylolisthesis) are unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate trends in the surgical treatment of isolated LSS in US adults and determine implications for outcomes.

METHODS

The authors analyzed inpatient and outpatient claims from the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database for 20,279 patients aged 40–64 years who underwent surgery for LSS between 2010 and 2014. Only patients with continuous 12-month insurance coverage after surgery were included. The rates of decompression with arthrodesis versus decompression only and of simple (1- or 2-level, single-approach) versus complex (> 2-level or combined-approach) arthrodesis were analyzed by year and geographic region. These trends were further analyzed with respect to complications, length of hospital stay, payments made to the hospital, and patient discharge status. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

The proportion of patients who underwent decompression with arthrodesis compared with decompression only increased significantly and linearly from 2010 to 2014 (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.06–1.10). Arthrodesis was more likely to be complex rather than simple with each subsequent year (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.33–1.49). This trend was accompanied by an increased likelihood of postoperative complications (OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.02–1.21), higher costs (payments increased by a mean of US$1633 per year; 95% CI 1327–1939), and greater likelihood of being discharged to a skilled nursing facility as opposed to home (OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.03–1.20). The South and Midwest regions of the US had the highest proportions of patients undergoing arthrodesis (48% and 42%, respectively). The mean length of hospital stay did not change significantly (p = 0.324).

CONCLUSIONS

From 2010 to 2014, the proportion of adults undergoing decompression with arthrodesis versus decompression only for the treatment of LSS increased, especially in the South and Midwest regions of the US. A greater proportion of these fusions were complex and were associated with more complications, higher costs, and a greater likelihood of being discharged to a skilled nursing facility.
Incomplete reossification after craniosynostosis surgery—incidence and analysis of risk factors: a clinical-radiological assessment study
Authors: Thenier-Villa José Luis , Sanromán-Álvarez Pablo , Miranda-Lloret Pablo , Plaza Ramírez María Estela
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE

One of the principles of the surgical treatment of craniosynostosis includes the release of fused bone plates to prevent recurrence. Such bone defects require a reossification process after surgery to prevent a cosmetic problem or brain vulnerability to damage. The objective of this study is to describe and analyze the radiological and clinical evolution of bone defects after craniosynostosis.

METHODS

From January 2005 to May 2016, 248 infants underwent surgical correction of craniosynostosis at HUiP La Fe Valencia; the authors analyzed data from 216 of these cases that met the inclusion criteria for this study. Various surgical techniques were used according to the age of the patient and severity of the case, including endoscopic-assisted suturectomy, open suturectomy, fronto-orbital advancement, and cranial vault remodeling. Clinical follow-up and radiological quantitative measurements in 2 periods—12–24 months and 2 years after surgery—were analyzed; 94 patients had a postoperative CT scan and were included in the radiological analysis.

RESULTS

At the end of the follow-up period, 92 of 216 patients (42.59%) showed complete closure of the bone defect, 112 patients (51.85%) had minor bone defects, and 12 patients (5.56%) had significant bone defects that required surgical intervention. In the multivariate analysis, age at first surgery was not significantly associated with incomplete reossification (p = 0.15), nor was surgical site infection (p = 0.75). Multivariate analysis identified area of cranial defect greater than 5 cm2 in the first CT scan as predictive of incomplete reossification (p = 0.04). The mean area of cranial defect in the first CT scan (12–24 months after surgery) was 3.69 cm2 in patients treated with open surgery and 7.13 cm2 in those treated with endoscopic-assisted procedures; in the multivariate analysis, type of procedure was not related to incomplete reossification (p = 0.46). The positive predictive value of palpation as evaluation of bone cranial defects was 50% for significant defects and 71% for minor defects.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of cranial defects due to incomplete reossification requiring cranioplasty was 5.56% in our series. Defects greater than 5 cm2 in the first postoperative CT scan showed a positive association with incomplete reossification. Patients treated with endoscope-assisted procedures had larger defects in the initial follow-up, but the final incidence of cranial defects was not significantly different in the endoscope-assisted surgery group from that in the open surgery group.
Is Breast Best? Examining the effects of alcohol and cannabis use during lactation
Authors: Brown R.A. , Dakkak H. , Seabrook J.A.
Published: May 2018

Maternal drug use during lactation may have adverse effects on the health of their children. Two common drugs used during this period are alcohol and cannabis. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health, and Google Scholar with the following search terms: marijuana, cannabis, THC, alcohol, ethanol, breastfeeding, lactation, and breastmilk. The search strategy was restricted to papers since the year 2000, and limited to English language journals. Reference lists were also used to capture any articles that were missed from the database searches. In total, 19 articles were found related to alcohol and breastfeeding ( n = 17 original research papers; n = 2 systematic reviews), and 4 articles were specific to cannabis ( n = 2 original papers; n = 2 systematic reviews). The most common outcomes associated with alcohol consumption and breastfeeding included changes in sleep patterns, reduced milk production and flow, lower milk intake, and impaired immune function. Maternal outcomes related to cannabis consumption included panic attacks, delayed response time, increased heart rate, reduced short-term memory, dizziness, and impaired motor performance; infant outcomes associated with maternal cannabis use and breastfeeding were reduced muscular tonus, poor sucking, and growth delay and restriction. Mothers should be advised to refrain from substance use during the lactation period for the health and safety of their children.
Early prediction of a significant patent ductus arteriosus in infants <32 weeks gestational age
Authors: Katheria V. , Poeltler D.M. , Brown M.K. , Hassen K.O. , Patel D. , Rich W. , Finer N.N. , Katheria A.C.
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND:

The optimal thresholds for identification of preterm infants at greatest risk for adverse sequelae related to patent ductus arteriosus have not been well delineated. Our aim was to determine hemodynamic parameters in the first 24 hours using continuous non-invasive vital and structural measurements to predict which infants required PDA treatment in our institution.

METHODS:

Retrospective secondary analysis of data from infants born 23 to 32 weeks gestational age with cardiac output and stroke volume via electrical cardiometry, cerebral tissue oximetry measurements, mean arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and oxygen saturation and functional echocardiography results at 12 hours of life were recorded when available (93 percent of subjects).

RESULTS:

A total of 292 infants, of which 55 (26±2 weeks, 862±268 grams) were treated for PDA. Treated infants demonstrated increased left ventricular output ( p < 0.001) and lower mean BP ( p = 0.010). The optimal area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for predicting PDA treatment in our all gestations cohort is a mean BP at 15 hours of life of <33 mm Hg (AUC = 0.854, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.792, 0.916). For infants <28 weeks a mean BP at 13 hours of life of <33 mm Hg (AUC = 0.741, p < 0.050, 95% CI 0.642, 0.839).

CONCLUSIONS:

In our cohort increased left ventricular output and lower mean BP predicted a clinically significant PDA requiring treatment.
Rock Slope Design using Q-slope and Geophysical Survey Data
Authors: Bar Neil , Barton Nick
Published: May 2018

The Q-slope method for rock slope engineering provides an empirical means of assessing the stability of excavated rock slopes in the field. It enables rock engineers and engineering geologists to make potential adjustments to slope angles as rock mass conditions become apparent during the construction of reinforcement-free road or railway cuttings and in open cast mines. Q-slope was developed by supplementing the Q-system which has been extensively used for characterizing rock exposures, drill core and underground mines and tunnels under construction for over 40 years. The Q׳ parameters (RQD, Jn ,Jr and Ja) have remained unchanged in Q-slope, although a new method for applying Jr /Ja ratios to both sides of a potential wedge is used, with relative orientation weightings for each side. The term Jw has been replaced with the more comprehensive term Jwice , which takes into account long-term exposure to various climatic and environmental conditions such as intense erosive rainfall and ice-wedging effects. SRF categories have been developed for slope surface conditions, stress-strength ratios and major discontinuities such as faults, weakness zones or joint swarms. Through case studies across Europe, Australia, Asia, and Central America, a simple relationship between Q-slope and long-term stable slope angles was established. The Q-slope method is designed such that it suggests stable, maintenance-free, bench face slope angles of, for instance, 40–45°, 60–65° and 80–85° with respective Q-slope values of approximately 0.1, 1.0 and 10. Q-slope has also been found to be compatible with P-wave velocity and acoustic and optical televiewer data obtained from borehole and surface-based geophysical surveys to determine appropriate rock slope angles.
Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Management of Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Mahmood Khurshid , Islam Ariful , Baral Aparajeya Bivab Bikash , Chakraborty Prasanta Kumar
Published: May 2018

Background: Management of osteoarthritis of knee joint is very important.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.Methodology: This study was designed as randomized control trial which was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka Bangladesh from July 2007 to December 2007 for a period of six (06) months. Patients presented with osteoarthritis at the age group of more than 30 years to 60 years with both sexes who were attended in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation department in the Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were selected as study population. The study populations were included by purposive sampling method after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups designated as intervention group (group A) and control group (group B). Group A was treated with TENS, therapeutic exercise, NSAID and ADL. Group B was treated with therapeutic exercise, NSAID and ADL.Results: A total of 60 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint were included in the study group. The mean age of both sexes were 46.67±7.04 years and male (46.83±7.73) patients were higher than female (46.56±6.41). There was significant difference in improvement of pain between two groups after treatment for two week (p=0.002); however, finally it was found that there was no significant difference in improvement of pain between two groups after treatment for 6(six) weeks. There was no significant difference in improvement of range of movement (ROM) between two groups after treatment for six weeks (p=0.946). There was no significant difference in improvement of walking speed between two groups after treatment for six weeks (p=0.611).Conclusion: In conclusion significant decrease of pain with increase of ROM and walking speed is found in all patients group with OA knee regardless of the treatment program.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(2): 75-79
Clinical, Biochemical and Hormonal Profile of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Nahar Khairun , Mahfuza Gazi , Begum Shirin Akhter , Khatun Khodeza , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: May 2018

Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogenous condition, the pathophysiology of which is multifactorial. It is considered as a systemic and metabolic disorder like hyperglycemia and insulin resistance with increased risk of type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the clinical, biochemical and hormonal profile of patients PCOS and to find out correlations among them.Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study was done including 100 diagnosed cases of PCOS attending the GOPD, BSMMU Hospital. This study was done to analyze the clinical, biochemical and hormonal characteristics of PCOS patients and to observe the correlations among them.Result: The mean age of study populations was 22.7± 6.9 years and more than half of them were overweight or obese. Menstrual abnormality like oligomenorrhoea and secondary amenorrhoea was found in 95% cases and 5% were eumenorrhic. Prevalence of hirsutism and subfertility was 69% and 50% respectively. More than half (52%) of cases had LH/FSH ratio >2 which is taken to be significant. About one-third (30%) of cases had total testosterone level above the reference range with a mean value of serum testosterone 71.4±27.9 ng/dL.Conclusion: Significant positive correlation was found among increased BMI, increased LH/FSH ratio, serum testosterone and serum TSH level. Further studies are needed to corroborate our findings and to find out the clinical, biochemical and endocrinological characteristics of our women of PCOS.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(2): 94-98
Idiopathic Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis: A Case Report from Bangladesh
Authors: Sabeka Meera Momtaz , Islam Md Nazrul
Published: May 2018

A 52 years old lady presented with sudden severe headache with the history of similar intense headache twenty years back which ended up with left sided blindness. Her physical examination was unremarkable except optic atrophy of the left eye. Investigation included biochemical work up, imaging studies and CSF study. The MRI of brain with contrast gave the key diagnostic clue with characteristic findings of hypertrophic pachymeningitis. Other investigations helped to rule out possible etiologies and the diagnosis idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis was finally made. The patient has been treated with steroid and enjoyed improvement in her yearlong symptoms.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(2): 110-112
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Counteracts on Internal Ribosome Entry Site Suppression by G3BP1 and Inhibits G3BP1-Mediated Stress Granule Assembly via Post-Translational Mechanisms
Authors: Ye Xu , Pan Ting , Wang Dang , Fang Liurong , Ma Jun , Zhu Xinyu , Shi Yanling , Zhang Keshan , Zheng Haixue , Chen Huanchun , Li Kui , Xiao Shaobo
Published: May 2018

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious, severe viral illness notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health. The causative agent, FMD virus (FMDV), replicates rapidly and efficiently inhibits host translation and the innate immune response for it has developed multiple tactics to evade host defenses and takes over gene expression machinery in the host cell. Here, we report a systemic analysis of the proteome and phosphoproteome of FMDV-infected cells. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FMDV infection shuts off host cap-dependent translation, but leaves intact internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation for viral proteins. Interestingly, several FMDV IRES-transacting factors, including G3BP stress granule assembly factor 1 (G3BP1), were dephosphorylated during FMDV infection. Ectopic expression of G3BP1 inhibited FMDV IRES activity, promoted assembly of stress granules, and activated innate immune responses, collectively suppressing FMDV replication. To counteract these host protective responses, FMDV-induced dephosphorylation of G3BP1, compromising its inhibitory effect on viral IRES. In addition, FMDV also proteolytically cleaved G3BP1 by its 3C protease (3Cpro). G3BP1 was cleaved at glutamic acid-284 (E284) by FMDV 3Cpro, and this cleavage completely lost the abilities of G3BP1 to activate innate immunity and to inhibit FMDV replication. Together, these data provide new insights into the post-translational mechanisms by which FMDV limits host stress and antiviral responses and indicate that G3BP1 dephosphorylation and its proteolysis by viral protease are important factors in the failure of host defense against FMDV infection.
Une tombe monumentale d’époque républicaine à Marguène (île de Jerba, Tunisie)
Authors: Ben Tahar Sami
Published: May 2018

La tombe de Marguène située au Nord Ouest de l’île de Jerba a été découverte fortuitement en décembre 2006. Il s’agit d’un complexe architectural monumental constitué d’un dromos, d’une salle centrale précédée par un accès surmonté d’une auge à libation et de deux pièces sépulcrales. Bien qu’elle ait été revisitée aux temps modernes par les fouilleurs clandestins, cette tombe constitue un témoignage de première importance pour la connaissance du monde funéraire africain à l’époque pré-augustéenne. Cette demeure funéraire familiale fut réutilisée au courant du Ier s. apr. J.-C. non seulement pour y déposer des nouvelles sépultures, mais aussi pour célébrer des cérémonies en l’honneur des défunts.
Dédicace à un citoyen d’Ammaedara : C. Marius Fidus « emmeritensis »
Authors: Benzina Ben Abdallah Zeïneb
Published: May 2018

Deux nouvelles inscriptions d’Ammaedara sont publiées ici. La première inscription est une base honorifique d’un grand intérêt étant donnée la rareté des textes publics conservés à Haïdra. Elle est dédiée à un certain C. Marius Fidus par le populus emeritensis (l’adjectif emeritensis fait allusion à la titulature de la ville, colonia Flauia Augusta Emerita, colonie flavienne de vétérans), pour le remercier, suivant une formule originale, de sa liberalitas epulatiua. Elle rappelle le cursus de ce notable, et signale les statues qui sont offertes à lui-même (une statue en pied) et à ses fils (un bige). La seconde inscription est une dédicace de deux lignes sur un autel, faite par un personnage nommé Tetius Iucundus à une divinité dont le nom n’est pas indiqué.
Les inscriptions militaires d’Haïdra (Tunisie) dans le fonds Poinssot (INHA)
Authors: Benzina Ben Abdallah Zeïneb , Rocca Elsa
Published: May 2018

The excavations of the eastern necropolis of Haïdra’s archaeological site, carried out by the doctor Dolcemascolo during the first half of the XXth century, delivered numerous funeral inscriptions of soldiers of Legio III Augusta. This group of 22 sheets stored in the Poinssot collection at the Institut national of art history (INHA) is a great testimony and makes the purpose of this article.
Données nouvelles sur l’histoire d’une cité méconnue du Haut-Tell tunisien : la ciuitas A[---] / Aïn M’dhoja (région de Makthar)
Authors: Chérif Ali
Published: May 2018

On trouvera ici un dossier documentaire se rapportant à une cité africaine localisée dans l’actuel village d’Aïn M’dhoja, dans la région de Makthar. Inscriptions libyques, nécropole dolménique, inscriptions latines et divers monuments et traces de constructions constituent les principales sources disponibles permettant de reconstituer certains moments de l’histoire de ce site et de son peuplement aux époques préromaine et romaine. Cette contribution met en évidence une cité dont l’histoire et les vestiges sont largement méconnus.
Une nouveauté pour la carrière de P. Alfius Maximus Numerius Auitus
Authors: Marmouri Khaled
Published: May 2018

P. Alfius Maximus Numerius Auitus est considéré depuis longtemps comme curateur des Sabrathenses, d’après la dédicace IRT, 113. Le réexamen de ce texte à partir de photographies d’archives autorise à éliminer cette curatelle, dont l’identification s’appuie sur un déchiffrement défectueux, et à y substituer une légation provinciale. Cette révision permet de revenir sur la carrière de ce sénateur, peu connue, et sur la datation de sa charge africaine qui doit se placer sous le règne de Sévère Alexandre.
Nouvelles hypothèses sur l’origine et le contenu des amphores africaines Ostia LIX et XXIII
Authors: Botte Emmanuel , Contino Alessia , Djaoui David , Panella Clementina , Tchernia André , Capelli Claudio , Bonifay Michel
Published: May 2018

Après avoir rappelé le cadre typologique et chronologique des amphores Ostia LIX et XXIII entre la seconde moitié du IER s. et le début du IIIe s. (I), nous proposons une nouvelle lecture de trois groupes d’inscriptions peintes (VIR, STR et MOL) figurant sur le type Ostia LIX à Pompéi, qui semblent indiquer des conserves d’olives à divers degrés de maturité (II). Les analyses pétrographiques permettent d’exclure la provenance de Tauromenium en Sicile, interprétation traditionnelle du quatrième groupe d’inscription (TAVR), tandis qu’elles n’excluent pas une origine africaine, notamment dans la région du tell tunisien septentrional (III). De fait, les lettres TAVR pourraient s’accorder avec le toponyme Tauraca, altération de T(h) abraca/ Tabarka (IV). Ainsi, nous pensons qu’à la fin du Ier s., les amphores Ostia LIX étaient destinées au transport des olives ou de l’huile d’olive de l’Afrique, principalement du nord-ouest de la Proconsulaire, l’huile devenant à partir de la première moitié du IIe s. le contenu habituel du type Ostia XXIII (V).
Solid-state Stern–Gerlach spin splitter for magnetic field sensing, spintronics, and quantum computing
Authors: Björnson Kristofer , Black-Schaffer Annica M
Published: May 2018

We show conceptually that the edge of a two-dimensional topological insulator can be used to construct a solid-state Stern–Gerlach spin splitter. By threading such a Stern–Gerlach apparatus with a magnetic flux, Aharanov–Bohm-like interference effects are introduced. Using ferromagnetic leads, the setup can be used to both measure magnetic flux and as a spintronics switch. With normal metallic leads a switchable spintronics NOT-gate can be implemented. Furthermore, we show that a sequence of such devices can be used to construct a single-qubit SU(2)-gate, one of the two gates required for a universal quantum computer. The field sensitivity, or switching field, b, is related to the characteristic size of the device, r, through b = h/(2πqr2), with q being the unit of electric charge.
FACTORS INFLUENCING KNOWLEDGE RETENTION PROCESS: CASE OF LITHUANIAN ARMED FORCES
Authors: RAUDELIŪNIENĖ Jurgita , DAVIDAVIČIENĖ Vida , PETRUSEVIČIUS Ramūnas
Published: May 2018

Knowledge management is one of the most potent means for the improvement of Lithuanian armed forces efficiency in context of transformations. Knowledge retention is one of the knowledge management processes that is related to knowledge selection, accumulation of the organization experience, renewal of the organizational memory in order to preserve the valuable knowledge from the potential loss. In order for the Lithuanian armed forces to manage the knowledge effectively and develop – it is important to purposefully preserve the valuable knowledge. The knowledge retention management problems of the Lithuanian armed forces are classified into: human, organizational, functional, technological and technical. In order to solve the problematics of such type, the identification of the factors, that provides the premises for the complex assessment of the knowledge retention process, becomes an important factor. The purpose of the article is to identify the factors that are significant for the evaluation of the knowledge retention process effectiveness of the Lithuanian armed forces. In order to achieve the objective such methods as the analysis of the scientific literature, multiple criteria and expert assessment are employed. According to the research results most factors were attributed to the group of the organizational and knowledge content factors.
THE EVALUATION OF THE CONTENT OF FIBERS IN STEEL FIBER REINFORCED STRUCTURES AND IMAGE ANALYSIS
Authors: ĎUBEK Marek , MAKÝŠ Peter , ĎUBEK Silvia , PETRO Marek
Published: May 2018

The distribution of fiber orientation is an important factor in determining the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced concrete. This study proposes a new image analysis technique for improving the evaluation accuracy of fiber orientation distribution in the sectional image of fibers reinforced concrete. The article is devoted to research the systematic evaluation of fiber-cuts through the image processing software. Mathematical representation of the final dispersal of fibers in steel fiber-reinforced concrete is incorporated into a programmed evaluation software. The software detects fibers and classified according to their axes of rotation angle and size of the identified ellipse detection area. Image processing algorithm and detecting fibers has been developed only for these research purposes. Detection area is randomly inserted via steel fiber reinforced concrete structure. The results show the average value of uniformity in the fiber-samples produced in the laboratory.
Distances of Dwarf Carbon Stars
Authors: Harris Hugh C. , Dahn Conard C. , Subasavage John P. , Munn Jeffrey A. , Canzian Blaise J. , Levine Stephen E. , Monet Alice B. , Pier Jeffrey R. , Stone Ronald C. , Tilleman Trudy M. , Hartkopf William I.
Published: May 2018

Parallaxes are presented for a sample of 20 nearby dwarf carbon stars. The inferred luminosities cover almost two orders of magnitude. Their absolute magnitudes and tangential velocities confirm prior expectations that some originate in the Galactic disk, although more than half of this sample are halo stars. Three stars are found to be astrometric binaries, and orbital elements are determined; their semimajor axes are 1–3 au, consistent with the size of an AGB mass-transfer donor star.
Global and Regional IUCN Red List Assessments: 5
Authors: Orsenigo Simone , Cambria Salvatore , Crisafulli Alessandro , De Sanctis Michele , Fanelli Giuliano , Gennai Matilde , Gonnelli Vincenzo , Latini Marta , Nicolella Gianluca , Perrino Enrico V. , Serafini Sauli Alessandro , Silletti Giuseppe N. , Viciani Daniele , Wagensommer Robert P. , Fenu Giuseppe
Published: May 2018

In this contribution, the conservation status of four vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria are presented. It includes the assessment ofArceuthobiumoxycedri(DC.) M.Bieb.,IonopsidiumalbiflorumDurieu,TrifoliumlatinumSebast., andViciaincisaM.Bieb. at a Regional level (Italy).
Community structure and population dynamics of small mammals in an urban-sylvatic interface area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Gentile Rosana , Cardoso Thiago S. , Costa-Neto Sócrates F. , Teixeira Bernardo R. , D'Andrea Paulo S.
Published: May 2018

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most disturbed Brazilian biomes, with 183 out of 298 species of mammals occurring in the state of Rio de Janeiro. In this study, we aimed to characterize the diversity, community structure, and habitat use of small mammals in the FIOCRUZ Atlantic Forest Campus (CFMA), including areas of Pedra Branca State Park (PBSP, subunit Pau da Fome), state of Rio de Janeiro. We also compared species diversity and composition between two moments 15 years apart (2001 and 2012–2015) and analyzed the population dynamics of the marsupialDidelphisaurita(Wied-Neuwied, 1826). Small mammal captures were made in different habitats: sylvatic-urban interface areas near human dwellings, disturbed forest, and preserved forest areas. Five marsupial species and four rodent species were captured in both periods. There was a reduction in species richness and β diversity between the two periods, indicating that disturbances in the environment over the years may have affected the small mammal community structure. The most altered environment showed the greatest species richness and abundance, while the forest areas showed the smallest values, which may be explained by the loss of mammal species, mainly specialist species in forested areas. We identified three groups of species according to habitat preferences: one related to environments with a higher density of vegetation in upper strata –Marmosaparaguayana(Tate, 1931) andMonodelphisamericana(Müller, 1776), another related to a higher density in lower forest strata –Akodoncursor(Winge, 1887), and another with no association with the investigated habitat variables –D.auritaandOligoryzomysnigripes(Olfers, 1818). The small mammal community structure showed a low level of nestedness in both sampling periods. This study is the first report to evaluate the community structure of small mammals in the sylvatic-urban interface area of Pedra Branca State Park, the largest forest reserve within an urban area in Brazil. The surveys indicate that the small mammal diversity was low in both sampling periods and in both areas, and a species loss in the Pau da Fome locality was observed, despite it is a conservation unit. The greater species abundance and richness in the most disturbed areas suggest an increase of factors favoring the occurrence of synanthropic and opportunistic species.
Du groupe virtuel au transfert par diffraction sur le numérique
Authors: Tordo Frédéric
Published: May 2018

La psyché du sujet et ses liens aux autres s’inscrivent d’emblée dans le virtuel. L’Autre virtuel est en effet une place pour la représentation d’autrui qui permet son anticipation. Mais cette dimension intersubjective et virtuelle est également à l’œuvre avec « plus-d’un-Autre ». C’est le groupe virtuel comme partie intégrante du groupe interne mais aussi comme lieu des transmissions transgénérationnelles. Or, la groupalité numérique forme un espace de réactualisation du groupe virtuel. Nous retrouvons cette dynamique intersubjective dans le « transfert par diffraction sur le numérique », situation au cours de laquelle l’analysant en cure individuelle projette des éléments de son groupe interne non seulement sur l’analyste mais aussi sur les sujets d’une groupalité numérique, voire sur la scène numérique dans son ensemble. Une vignette clinique illustre cette forme nouvelle de diffraction sur le numérique.
Modalités objectales des relations digitales
Authors: Haddouk Lise
Published: May 2018

Les relations digitales, duelles ou en groupe, présentent des modalités plus ou moins objectales. Les relations digitales, duelles ou en groupe, présentent-elles des modalités objectales ? Le contexte socioculturel de la cyberculture et les valeurs qui y sont associées contribuent à la qualité des nouvelles modalités relationnelles observées sur les médias numériques. Les relations digitales pourraient se situer sur un axe narcissico-objectal, en fonction de leur qualité. Plusieurs exemples illustrent ces variations. Pour mieux comprendre ces phénomènes, des concepts théoriques sont utiles : la relation d’objet, le virtuel, la présence et la réalité psychique. La dimension intersubjective des relations digitales est illustrée par des processus apparaissant dans les groupes en ligne tels que ceux constitués par les joueurs de mmorpg . De plus, la présentation de recherches en télépsychothérapie et en visioconsultation évoque la possibilité d’établir des relations digitales objectales, inscrites dans un processus inter-subjectif.
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : Présence à distance et coprésence. Une séance de psychothérapie multifamiliale animée par Skype
Authors: Hiers Svetlana
Published: May 2018

Depuis trois ans, une équipe en Russie propose une psychothérapie multifamiliale pour accompagner les enfants, présentant des troubles du comportement, un retard du langage, ou bien une dysharmonie, avec une problématique transversale de la difficulté de séparation. D’abord les familles forment un grand groupe pendant quelques séances. Une fois que l’alliance thérapeutique est instaurée, les adultes et les enfants forment deux groupes séparés/simultanés. Le groupe de parents est animé par Skype, depuis Paris. L’article présente cette expérience groupale novatrice et son cadre mixte présentiel-distanciel : la réunion en coprésence d’un groupe, animé par un psychologue en ligne. Une étude de la première séance parents-enfants vient d’illustrer les effets de la présence à distance du psychologue sur les phénomènes groupaux.
Accession à la parentalité, solitude maternelle psychique… et communauté virtuelle
Authors: Villecourt-Couchat Isabelle
Published: May 2018

Les avancées technologiques de l’internet et des réseaux sociaux ont modifié la perception parentale du soutien social postnatal pour les parents et les professionnels. Cet article propose d’analyser leur influence sur l’accession à la parentalité. Le suivi médical est présent au cours de la grossesse, qu’en est-il après ? Les mères se retrouvent souvent seules pour s’occuper de leur enfant et accompagner les étapes du développement de celui-ci. Elles souffrent d’isolement et de solitude. À partir d’une vignette clinique, je décrirai comment les difficultés et anxiétés maternelles s’expriment à travers une solitude psychique pouvant fragiliser la construction de la parentalité. L’article s’intéresse au phénomène de mise en ligne sur internet et les réseaux sociaux : aurait-il un lien avec la solitude psychique et le vécu d’isolement social des mères concernées ? La communauté virtuelle serait alors invitée à jouer un rôle de soutien dans la construction de la parentalité.
Les craintes suscitées par la formation en ligne… en psychanalyse des liens
Authors: Jaïtin Rosa
Published: May 2018

L’auteur interroge les craintes de la formation en ligne en psychanalyse des liens. Pour les analyser, il introduit les dispositifs de « grupo operativo » et de multiplication dramatique. Les peurs suscitées par l’animation des groupes à distance naissent à un point de rencontre entre le transfert, le contre-transfert et l’inter-transfert, qui se manifestent dans la résonance intersubjective. Les techniques utilisées permettent d’entrer et de sortir rapidement des situations régressives générées lors du regroupement annuel présentiel. Les chaînes scéniques associatives des jeux de multiplication dramatique permettent d’analyser et d’élaborer les effets régressifs qui peuvent être transformés. Dans le travail de regroupement annuel que nous avons effectué, des angoisses primitives de mort interplanétaire mobilisées par la formation virtuelle sont devenues évidentes.
Recherches en groupe et Skype
Authors: Eiguer Alberto
Published: May 2018

Cet article étudie les groupes de recherche théorico-empirique qui emploient Skype. Dans cette pratique, se donnent rendez-vous la dynamique des groupes, la communication à distance, l’inter-vision et le travail de recherche. Une synthèse originale émerge où se font remarquer l’objet ou l’outil de médiation et une notion : l’attractivité. L’auteur aborde des questions liées à la communication par Skype comme la distance affective ou l’émergence de la sensorialité archaïque ainsi que la sollicitation singulière de la vue et de la parole lors des échanges. Ensuite, la méthodologie de ces recherches est présentée. Les séances de travail permettent que le groupe devienne un espace de jeu mobilisé par la technique et ses difficultés. Skype devient un outil de médiation favorisant l’information, la rêverie, la créativité et influençant les vécus contre-transférentiels, essentiels en recherche clinique : ces derniers révèlent les conflits cliniques les plus poignants chez les patients. Une séance de travail illustre ces différentes productions.
Cet obscur sujet du désir
Authors: Gardey Delphine , Hasdeu Iulia
Published: May 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la conceptualisation de la sexualité féminine dans le monde occidental du milieu du xix e siècle à nos jours. Il retrace la façon dont les savoirs et les pratiques médicales rendent compte du désir féminin, de la sexualité féminine et de leurs défaillances ou dysfonctions. D’objets du désir, les femmes, un jour, deviennent sujets. Il devient possible de revendiquer le désir et le plaisir au féminin comme un fait, un bien et un droit. Les notions de « dysfonctions » ou de « défaillances » adviennent une fois la normalité du plaisir au féminin admise, c’est-à-dire après les années 1970. En opérant du passé au présent, il s’agit de revenir sur les formes de médicalisation de la sexualité et d’interroger certaines circularités discursives et pratiques. Il est aussi question de mettre en évidence la part attribuée à la biologie et à la culture, à la physiologie ou à la « psyché » dans la définition de la sexualité féminine dans l’espace occidental. Il s’agit également de situer et de caractériser le modèle biologique contemporain de la sexualité ainsi que la façon dont il contribue à définir la sphère tant intime que sociale.
Le sexe des femmes migrantes. Excisées au Sud, réparées au Nord
Authors: Villani Michela
Published: May 2018

Originellement définie comme un problème de santé publique, l’excision du clitoris devient à partir des années 2000, l’objet d’une politique de réparation de la sexualité. La généalogie de ce nouveau crime (les mutilations sexuelles) et la naissance d’un nouveau handicap (une sexualité sans clitoris) sont ici explorées dans une perspective postcoloniale qui fait dialoguer les environnements cognitifs d’« ici » et de « là-bas ». Le passage d’une normalité sociale encadrée dans un rituel (l’excision) acquiert la forme d’une anomalie corporelle (mutilation), voire d’une anormalité sexuelle (handicap). Cet article rend compte des expériences personnelles et sexuelles des femmes migrantes et des filles de migrants d’origine d’Afrique subsaharienne, vivant en France et ayant formulé une demande de reconstruction clitoridienne auprès d’un service hospitalier français. Les trajectoires de ces deux groupes sont étudiées dans un contexte de globalisation qui tient compte des dynamiques migratoires : la médecine s’impose à l’intérieur d’une circulation des savoirs et prend la forme d’une justice procédurale apte à réaliser l’égalité dans les modèles de genre au travers d’une réparation corporelle et sexuelle.
La direction d’école en France
Authors: Combaz Gilles , Burgevin Christine
Published: May 2018

En France, depuis le début des années 2000, un certain nombre de mesures législatives ont été prises pour promouvoir l’accès des femmes à des postes de responsabilités dans la sphère professionnelle. Les données disponibles montrent que, pour l’instant, cet objectif est loin d’être atteint, notamment au sein de la fonction publique pour les postes d’encadrement supérieur. En revanche, les tendances ne semblent pas identiques pour l’accès à des postes moins prestigieux. À cet égard, il importe de vérifier si la direction d’école dans le premier degré représente une réelle opportunité pour les femmes. Pour ce faire, un triple dispositif méthodologique a été élaboré : une enquête exhaustive portant sur 22 départements français a permis de rendre compte de la répartition par sexe des différentes fonctions pouvant être exercées dans le premier degré ; une enquête nationale par questionnaire et une série de 28 entretiens ont été réalisés pour appréhender finement certains déterminants sociaux d’accès à la fonction de direction.