bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEM Studies on the Liquefaction Behavior of Particles With Different Aspect Ratios
Authors: Anitha Kumari S. D.  , Sitharam T. G.
Published: July 2018

Discrete element method (DEM) provides insight into the fundamental physical principles leading to a better understanding of the complex behavior of granular materials under different loading conditions. In the reported studies adopting DEM, real particle shape is ignored, and the particles are modeled as spheres. Spherical shapes are preferred as they provide the simplest case with least computational effort in calculations and efficient algorithms. Hence, in this study, a comprehensive and comparative study on the mechanical behavior of assemblies consisting of particles with different aspect ratios is reported. The results indicate that the assemblies with lower aspect ratio lose its strength completely at less number of cycles when subjected to lower confining pressures. At higher confining stresses, the particles are not quick enough to rearrange themselves resulting in the reduction of average coordination number. This causes a drop of shear strength leading to lower resistance to liquefaction for non-spherical assemblies at high confining stresses.
A Review of Metal Additive Manufacturing Technologies
Authors: Yakout Mostafa , Elbestawi M.A. , Veldhuis Stephen C.
Published: July 2018

Additive manufacturing is a layer based manufacturing process aimed at producing parts directly from a 3D model. This paper provides a review of key technologies for metal additive manufacturing. It focuses on the effect of important process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting part. Several materials are considered including aerospace alloys such as titanium (TiAl6V4 “UNS R56400”), aluminum (AlSi10Mg “UNS A03600”), iron-and nickel-based alloys (stainless steel 316L “UNS S31603”, Inconel 718 “UNS N07718”, and Invar 36 FeNi36 “UNS K93600”).
Study on the Properties of ZnO-TFT Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Liang Hao
Published: July 2018

ZnO thin films have been paid more attention by the scientific community because of their long wavelength and high temperature resistance, and the method of preparing ZnO-TFT by magnetron sputtering is one of the most widely recognized technologies. In this paper, the influence factors, such as sputtering power, sputtering oxygen argon ratio and sputtering temperature, are introduced. In this paper, the ZnO thin film substrate materials are analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are obtained.
Solubility Behavior of Tropine-Based Ionic Liquids with PF6- and their Application in Hydrogel Material
Authors: Zhang Teng He , Yao Shun
Published: July 2018

Four tropine-based ionic liquids with the anion of PF6-were synthesized and their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity was evaluated according to the solubility determination in water. Then the empirical equation model, the λh model, the NRTL model and Wilson model were used to correlate the solubility data. Among them the empirical equation model showed the best correlation result. At last, the ILs were used to prepare the gel sorbent material for potential use in chemical, environmental or pharmaceutical fields.
CBLB Constrains Inactivated Vaccine–Induced CD8+ T Cell Responses and Immunity against Lethal Fungal Pneumonia
Authors: Nanjappa Som G. , Mudalagiriyappa Srinivasu , Fites J. Scott , Suresh M. , Klein Bruce S.
Published: July 2018

Fungal infections in CD4+ T cell immunocompromised patients have risen sharply in recent years. Although vaccines offer a rational avenue to prevent infections, there are no licensed fungal vaccines available. Inactivated vaccines are safer but less efficacious and require adjuvants that may undesirably bias toward poor protective immune responses. We hypothesized that reducing the TCR signaling threshold could potentiate antifungal CD8+ T cell responses and immunity to inactivated vaccine in the absence of CD4+ T cells. In this study, we show that CBLB, a negative regulator of TCR signaling, suppresses CD8+ T cells in response to inactivated fungal vaccination in a mouse model of CD4+ T cell lymphopenia. Conversely, Cblb deficiency enhanced both the type 1 (e.g., IFN-γ) and type 17 (IL-17A) CD8+ T cell responses to inactivated fungal vaccines and augmented vaccine immunity to lethal fungal pneumonia. Furthermore, we show that immunization with live or inactivated vaccine yeast did not cause detectable pathologic condition in Cblb−/− mice. Augmented CD8+ T cell responses in the absence of CBLB also did not lead to terminal differentiation or adversely affect the expression of transcription factors T-bet, Eomes, and RORγt. Additionally, our adoptive transfer experiments showed that CBLB impedes the effector CD8+ T cell responses in a cell-intrinsic manner. Finally, we showed that ablation of Cblb overcomes the requirement of HIF-1α for expansion of CD8+ T cells upon vaccination. Thus, adjuvants that target CBLB may augment inactivated vaccines and immunity against systemic fungal infections in vulnerable patients.
Palindromic automorphisms of right-angled Artin groups
Authors: Fullarton Neil J. , Thomas Anne
Published: July 2018

We introduce the palindromic automorphism group and the palindromic Torelli group of a right-angled Artin group

A_\Gamma

. The palindromic automorphism group

\Pi A_\Gamma

is related to the principal congruence subgroups of GL

(n,\mathbb Z)

and to the hyperelliptic mapping class group of an oriented surface, and sits inside the centraliser of a certain hyperelliptic involution in Aut

(A_\Gamma)

. We obtain finite generating sets for

\Pi A_\Gamma

and for this centraliser, and determine precisely when these two groups coincide. We also find generators for the palindromic Torelli group.
Homological shadows of attracting laminations
Authors: Hadari Asaf
Published: July 2018

Given a free group

F_n

, a fully irreducible automorphism

f \in \operatorname{Aut}(F_n)

, and a generic element

x \in F_n

, the elements

f^k(x)

converge in the appropriate sense to an object called an attracting lamination of

f

. When the action of

f

on

\frac{F_n}{[F_n, F_n]}

has finite order, we introduce a homological version of this convergence, in which the attracting object is a convex polytope with rational vertices, together with a measure supported at a point with algebraic coordinates.
A characterization of relatively hyperbolic groups via bounded cohomology
Authors: Franceschini Federico
Published: July 2018

It was proved by Mineyev and Yaman that, if

(\Gamma, \Gamma')

is a relatively hyperbolic pair, the comparison map

H_b^k(\Gamma, \Gamma'; V) \to H^k(\Gamma, \Gamma'; V)

is surjective for every

k \ge 2

, and any bounded

\Gamma

-module

V

. By exploiting results of Groves and Manning, we give another proof of this result. Moreover, we prove the opposite implication under weaker hypotheses than the ones required by Mineyev and Yaman.
Global fractal transformations and global addressing
Authors: Vince Andrew
Published: July 2018

The attractor is a central object of an iterated function system (IFS), and
fractal transformations
are the natural maps from the attractor of one IFS to the attractor of another. This paper presents a global point of view, showing how to extend the domain of a fractal transformation from an attractor with non-empty interior to the ambient space. Intimately related is the extension of addressing from such an attractor to the set of points of the ambient space. Properties of such global fractal transformations are obtained, and tilings are constructed based on global addresses.
The $K$-theory of twisted multipullback quantum odd spheres and complex projective spaces
Authors: Hajac Piotr M. , Nest Ryszard , Pask David , Sims Aidan , Zieliński Bartosz
Published: July 2018

We find multipullback quantum odd-dimensional spheres equipped with natural

U(1)

-actions that yield the multipullback quantum complex projective spaces constructed from Toeplitz cubes as noncommutative quotients. We prove that the noncommutative line bundles associated to multipullback quantum odd spheres are pairwise stably
non
-isomorphic, and that the

K

-groups of multipullback quantum complex projective spaces and odd spheres coincide with their classical counterparts. We show that these

K

-groups remain the same for more general twisted versions of our quantum odd spheres and complex projective spaces.
Об оценках осцилляторных интегралов с множителем гашения
Authors: Ikromov Isroil Akramovich , Muranov Shakhriddin Abdullaevich
Published: July 2018

В данной работе рассматриваются оценки преобразования Фурье мер,
сосредоточенных на аналитических гиперповерхностях,
содержащих множитель гашения. В статье приведено решение задачи
С. Д. Согги и И. М. Стейна об оптимальном убывании преобразования
Фурье мер с множителем гашения для частного класса аналитических
поверхностей трехмерного пространства.
Библиография: 21 название.
Сравнение некоторых тригонометрических интегралов
Authors: Sworowski Piotr , Skvortsov Valentin Anatol'evich
Published: July 2018

Показано, что AS-интеграл Прайса-Томсона может противоречить
SCP-интегралу Бeркиля, $\mathrm{P}^2$-интегралу Джеймса и
тотализации $\mathrm{T}_{2s}$ Данжуа на классе функций
с непрерывной первообразной.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Dynamic Style
Authors: DeRose Steven J.
Published: July 2018

I here present a tool, called “AJICSS”, intended to make two things easier: first, developers’ transition from CSS to Javascript; and second, implementation of hypertext capabilities that involve real-time modifications to documents. In short, AJICSS:

lets you embed Javascript directly inside CSS rules (multiple reasons for this are discussed), and trigger it on demand.

provides functions to facilitate useful things such as dynamic layout and content changes.

facilitates implementing several hypertext features, including structural transclusion, stretchtext, user-controllable content changes and filtering, and spreadsheet-like tables.

AJICSS is written in Javascript, but is much easier to use than Javascript alone, and in particular makes it fairly easy (even for those with little programming background) to accomplish several long-neglected hypertext capabilities.
Fractal information is
Authors: Piez Wendell
Published: July 2018

We wrestle often with the granularity of data formats, object models, interfaces, and APIs: their strengths, their weaknesses, and the supports they provide to creators and consumers. Opinion is often muddled or extrapolated from limited experience: “X is lightweight”, “Y is ‘self-describing’”, “everyone prefers Z”. This is a fractal experience; there is self-similarity across scales. Issues that arise at one level of the system have weird echoes elsewhere. Indeed, one way of discriminating among options (XML, HTML, Markdown, JSON, YAML, SAX, DOM, etc.) is to consider their different approaches to the problem of managing the chaos and representing (ir)regularity. This examination leads to a better understanding of how to exploit their differences to make them work better together.
The Universal Business Language ecosystem and the OASIS TC process
Authors: Holman G. Ken
Published: July 2018

A rich worldwide ecosystem has grown around the freely-available Universal Business Language (UBL) standard for 81 business documents such as purchase orders, invoices, waybills, etc., and 4600 semantic business objects expressed in those business documents The UBL development committee was formed in 2001 as a technical committee in OASIS (the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) under a strict set of transparency rules supported by a rich set of collaborative tools with which the committee members have created both normative and non-normative work products. For UBL, normative XML schemas and non-normative JSON schemas are examples of both of these kinds of work products, specified for user communities to leverage in their communication environments for electronic business solutions.

Solutions built on a foundation of open standards are attractive to large ecosystems of developers and end users working towards shared objectives. To be truly open, the development and deployment of such a specification must address three critically important issues: governance, transparency and availability. UBL was developed under the governance of the OASIS Technical Committee Process, working with a tool set that is available to any community wanting to create a markup vocabulary. OASIS, a membership organization, fosters the successful development of work products by its members participating in its technical committees.

And so it is important to look into the detail of these two perspectives of UBL: how UBL is best deployed within the ecosystem due to its magnitude, and how UBL is governed and maintained during the development process.

Illustrated by UBL, when considering where to bring together participants developing new open vocabulary ecosystems, OASIS with its TC process should be a front-runner in your consideration of a positive and productive environment for building team results.
Numerical study of the Martelange mine to be used as underground reservoir for constructing an Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower plant
Authors: Pujades Estanislao , Orban Philippe , Archambeau Pierre , Erpicum Sebastien , Dassargues Alain
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower (UPSH) using abandoned mines has been
considered as a potential high capacity Energy Storage Systems. In UPSH
plants, the excess of electricity is stored in the form of potential energy
by pumping water from an underground reservoir (abandoned mine in this paper)
to a surface reservoir, while electricity is produced (when the demand
increases) discharging water from the surface into the underground reservoir.
The main concerns may arise from the water exchanges occurring between the
underground reservoir and the surrounding medium, which are relevant in terms
of environmental impact and UPSH efficiency. Although the role of the water
exchanges has been previously addressed, most studies are based on synthetic
models. This work focuses on a real abandoned slate mine located in
Martelange (Belgium). The effects of different rehabilitation works to
prepare the mine as an underground reservoir are assessed in terms of
groundwater exchanges and their associated consequences.
Seagrass community-level controls over organic carbon storage are constrained by geophysical attributes within meadows of Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Belshe Elizabeth Fay , Hoeijmakers Dieuwke , Herran Natalia , Mtolera Matern , Teichberg Mirta
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of using plant functional
traits to identify differences in sediment organic carbon (OC) storage within
seagrass meadows. At 19 sites within three seagrass meadows in the coastal
waters of Zanzibar, Tanzania, species cover was estimated along with three
community traits hypothesized to influence sediment OC storage (above and
belowground biomass, seagrass tissue nitrogen content, and shoot density).
Sediments within four biogeographic zones (fore reef, reef flat, tidal
channel, and seagrass meadow) of the landscape were characterized, and
sediment cores were collected within seagrass meadows to quantify OC storage
in the top 25 cm and top meter of the sediment. We identified five distinct
seagrass communities that had notable differences in the plant traits, which
were all residing within a thin veneer (ranging from 19 to 78 cm thick) of
poorly sorted, medium to coarsely grained carbonate sands on top of carbonate
rock. One community (B), dominated by Thalassodendron ciliatum,
contained high amounts of above (972±74 g DW m−2) and
belowground (682±392 g DW m−2) biomass composed of low-elemental-quality tissues (leaf C : N = 24.5; rhizome C : N = 97). While
another community (C), dominated by small-bodied ephemeral seagrass species,
had significantly higher shoot density (4178 shoots m−2). However,
these traits did not translate into differences in sediment OC storage and
across all communities the percentage of OC within sediments was similar and
low (ranging from 0.15 % to 0.75 %), as was the estimated OC storage
in the top 25 cm (14.1±2.2 Mg C ha−1) and top meter (33.9±7.7 Mg C ha−1) of sediment. These stock estimates are considerably
lower than the global average (194.2±20.2 Mg C ha−1) reported for
other seagrass ecosystems and are on the lower end of the range of estimates
reported for the tropical Indo-Pacific bioregion (1.9 to
293 Mg C ha−1). The uniformly low OC storage across communities,
despite large inputs of low-quality belowground tissues in community B,
indicates that the geophysical conditions of the coarse, shallow sediments at
our sites were not conducive to OC stabilization and outweighed any
variation in the quantity or quality of seagrass litter inputs. These results
add to a growing body of evidence showing that geophysical conditions of the
sediment modulate the importance of plant traits in regards to retention of
OC within blue carbon ecosystems and cautions against the use of plant
traits as a proxy for sediment OC storage across all seagrass ecosystems.
GMED: Global Marine Environment Datasets for environment visualisation and species distribution modelling
Authors: Basher Zeenatul , Bowden David A. , Costello Mark J.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The Global Marine Environment Datasets (GMED) is a compilation of publicly available climatic, biological and geophysical environmental layers featuring present, past and future environmental conditions. Marine biologists increasingly utilize geo-spatial techniques with modelling algorithms to visualize and predict species biodiversity at a global scale. Marine environmental datasets available for species distribution modelling (SDM) have different spatial resolutions and are frequently provided in assorted file formats. This makes data assembly one of the most time-consuming parts of any study using multiple environmental layers for biogeography visualization or SDM applications. GMED covers the widest available range of environmental layers from a variety of sources and depths from the surface to the deepest part of the ocean. It has a uniform spatial extent, high-resolution land mask (to eliminate land areas in the marine regions), and high spatial resolution (5 arc-minute, c. 9.2 km near equator). The free public online availability of GMED enables rapid map overlay of species of interest (e.g. endangered or invasive) against different environmental conditions of the past, present and the future, and expedites mapping distribution ranges of species using popular SDM algorithms. GMED can be found at http://gmed.auckland.ac.nz/ (DOI: https://10.6084/m9.figshare.5937268).
Temporal variability in detrital 10Be concentrations in a large Himalayan catchment
Authors: Dingle Elizabeth H. , Sinclair Hugh D. , Attal Mikaël , Rodés Ángel , Singh Vimal
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Accurately quantifying sediment fluxes in large rivers draining tectonically
active landscapes is complicated by the stochastic nature of sediment inputs.
Cosmogenic 10Be concentrations measured in modern river sands have
been used to estimate 102- to 104-year sediment fluxes in these
types of catchments, where upstream drainage areas are often in excess of
10 000 km2. It is commonly assumed that within large catchments, the
effects of stochastic sediment inputs are buffered such that 10Be
concentrations at the catchment outlet are relatively stable in time. We
present 18 new 10Be concentrations of modern river and dated
Holocene terrace and floodplain deposits from the Ganga River near to the
Himalayan mountain front (or outlet). We demonstrate that 10Be
concentrations measured in modern Ganga River sediments display a notable
degree of variability, with concentrations ranging between ∼9000 and
19 000 atoms g−1. We propose that this observed variability is driven
by two factors. Firstly, by the nature of stochastic inputs of sediment (e.g.
the dominant erosional process, surface production rates, depth of
landsliding, degree of mixing) and, secondly, by the evacuation timescale of
individual sediment deposits which buffer their impact on catchment-averaged
concentrations. Despite intensification of the Indian Summer Monsoon and
subsequent doubling of sediment delivery to the Bay of Bengal between ∼11 and 7 ka, we also find that Holocene sediment 10Be
concentrations documented at the Ganga outlet have remained within the
variability of modern river concentrations. We demonstrate that, in certain
systems, sediment flux cannot be simply approximated by converting detrital
concentration into mean erosion rates and multiplying by catchment area as it
is possible to generate larger volumetric sediment fluxes whilst maintaining
comparable average 10Be concentrations.
Comparison of defect detection limits in Lorentz force eddy current testing and classical eddy current testing
Authors: Otterbach Jan Marc , Schmidt Reinhard , Brauer Hartmut , Ziolkowski Marek , Töpfer Hannes
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Lorentz force eddy current testing (LET) is a
motion-induced eddy current testing method in the framework of nondestructive
testing. In this study, we address the question of how this method is
classified in comparison with a commercial eddy current testing (ECT)
measurement device ELOTEST N300 in combination with the probe PKA48 from Rohmann GmbH. Therefore,
measurements using both methods are performed and evaluated. Based on the
measurement results, the corresponding defect detection limits, i.e., up to
which depth the defect can be detected, are determined and discussed. For
that reason, the excitation frequency spectrum of the induced eddy currents
in the case of LET is considered.
Laboratory and numerical experiments on stem waves due to monochromatic waves along a vertical wall
Authors: Yoon Sung Bum , Lee Jong-In , Kim Young-Take , Shin Choong Hun
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In this study, both
laboratory and numerical experiments are conducted to investigate stem waves
propagating along a vertical wall developed by the incidence of monochromatic
waves. The results show the following features: for small-amplitude waves,
the wave heights along the wall show a slowly varying undulation. Normalized
wave heights perpendicular to the wall show a standing wave pattern. The
overall wave pattern in the case of small-amplitude waves shows a typical
diffraction pattern around a semi-infinite thin breakwater. As the amplitude
of incident waves increases, both the undulation intensity and the asymptotic
normalized wave height decrease along the wall. For larger-amplitude waves
with smaller angle of incidence, the measured data clearly show stem waves.
Numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the results of
laboratory experiments. The results of present experiments favorably support
the existence and the properties of stem waves found by other researchers
using numerical simulations. The characteristics of the stem waves generated
by the incidence of monochromatic Stokes waves are compared with those of the
Mach stem of solitary waves.
Exploring correlates of passenger satisfaction and service improvement priorities of the Shanghai-Nanjing High Speed Rail
Authors: Zhen Feng , Cao Jason , Tang Jia
Published: July 2018

Assessing passenger satisfaction is essential to enhancing loyalty and increasing ridership on high speed rail (HSR). Many studies explore passenger satisfaction with transit and conventional railway, but there are only a few that look at HSR. Although the HSR studies provide information on the relationship between service quality and passenger satisfaction, few identify the attributes that have the largest impact or improvement priorities for existing HSR. This study employs multivariate regression and importance-performance analysis to identify influential attributes and service improvement priorities for the Shanghai-Nanjing HSR. We found that the most important correlates of passenger satisfaction were staff attitudes, convenience of ticket purchase, and ease of the access trip. In general, passengers are satisfied with HSR services, especially with the attributes that are critical to overall HSR satisfaction. However, we found that improving toilet sanitation and seat comfort on the Shanghai-Nanjing HSR would increase passenger satisfaction.
La injusticia social en las fábulas de Fedro: origen y tradición
Authors: Cascón Dorado Antonio
Published: July 2018

Hace ya tiempo que los estudiosos de la obra de Fedro consideran la defensa de los humildes y el ataque a los poderosos una de las señas de identidad de sus fábulas. Tras recordar los apólogos en los que esa perspectiva social se pone de manifiesto y mostrar la coherencia de su pensamiento, constataremos su originalidad en la tradición fabulística, comparando sus ideas con las que encontramos en Babrio, La Augustana o Aviano. Ese pensamiento tan llamativo y coherente de Fedro no tiene que ver con la crítica contra el poder que aparece en algunas fábulas de la tradición esópica y que suele atribuirse a la influencia cínica. Pensamos que esa forma de pensar tiene su origen, además de en las difíciles circunstancias de su vida, en la influencia de la corriente más progresista del pensamiento estoico, representada por filósofos como Esfero, Antípatro o Blosio. El análisis de algunas de las más relevantes colecciones medievales y modernas hace evidente que sus ideas en este tema no han sido asumidas por los continuadores de su obra.
"Naufragium antequam nauem ascenderem feci": naufragio, escritura y autoejemplaridad en las Epistulae Morales de Séneca
Authors: Correa Soledad
Published: July 2018

En este artículo analizaremos dos epistulae de Séneca, la 53 y la 87, que tienen en común el hecho de que ambas se abren con una narración en primera persona singular. La compleja dinámica visual que estas narrationes construyen será clave para la promoción de la ejemplaridad del ego epistolar, en tanto éste montará un espectáculo de sus accidentados progresos en el camino hacia la sabiduría, presentándose al mismo tiempo como actor, espectador y juez de sus propias acciones. Consideramos que a través de estas narrationes, que involucran el motivo literario del naufragio, el ego epistolar se apropia activamente de un dispositivo cultural clave para la construcción de la memoria en Roma: el discurso ejemplar. Teniendo en cuenta que debe haber un monumentum, un registro, que visibilice la acción que se propone como ejemplar (Roller 2004), intentaremos demostrar que a través de la escritura de estas cartas el ego epistolar dirige la atención del lector hacia su propia ejemplaridad.
3D-printed Patient-specific Guides for Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Henckel Johann , Holme Thomas J. , Radford Warwick , Skinner John A. , Hart Alister J.
Published: July 2018

Surgeons and engineers constantly search for methods to improve the surgical positioning of implants used for joint arthroplasty. Rapid prototyping is being used to develop patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and has already been successfully translated into large-scale clinical use for knee arthroplasty. PSI has been used in shoulder arthroplasty; however, it is not yet known whether PSI provides improved accuracy and outcomes compared with conventional methods in either shoulder arthroplasty or knee arthroplasty. In the hip, PSI has been limited to the positioning of custom-manufactured implants and a small number of surgeons testing the emerging solutions from different manufacturers. Early results indicate consistent accurate positioning of implants with the use of PSI in hip arthroplasty but with added costs and uncertain effect on clinical outcomes.
Voices of Indonesian Migrant Workers at Home and Abroad
Authors: Martyn Howard Lorne
Published: July 2018

In this paper I discuss interviews conducted with Indonesian village women, concerning their decisions to sojourn abroad for work. The women detail three factors that they believe compel them to seek work abroad: lack of job opportunities, lack of educational and training opportunities and personal desire to experience life outside the confines of family and village life. They also raise the issue of government biases in educational and vocational planning that negatively affects villagers’ abilities to find employment within Indonesia, and particularly within rural environments.I also interviewed community support workers who mention political patronage as a factor in allocating funds for educational and training projects. Recent studies indicate that the Indonesian government has, for many years, prioritized formal education at the public-school level in urban centers and larger provincial towns, but that poorer rural villages lack access to similar opportunities. Many Indonesian women working in laboring positions abroad emanate from these poorer villages.Participant recommendations include delinking village educational funding from political patronage, and allocating more funds to remote villages, not only in terms of building more primary and secondary schools but also in terms of providing long-term vocational training, particularly for young adults, which, in combination with increased employment opportunities, may decrease the necessity to migrate.Data was collected through interviews and written journals in Indonesia and Hong Kong between 2005 and 2017.
Brand Activation: A Review on Conceptual and Practice Perspectives
Authors: Dissanayake Ravindra , Gunawardane Nisal
Published: July 2018

Brand activations is claimed as a notion found within experiential and behavioral contexts of branding. There are empirical studies claim brand activation is inline within the scope of event marketing. As per some arguments, brand activation finds itself imprecise foundation to explain its theoretical foundation. Supportively, studies are highlighting theoretical and empirical scant in examining influence of brand activation though practices are extendedly found. Alongside, this paper attempts to review the notion of brand activation in relation to empirical explanations, cases and its presence in different scenarios. Authors followed literature review as the main research strategy whilst specific attention was made to Asian market context in explaining cases and practices. Accordingly, paper investigates the concept of brand activation in relations to different scopes including branding, consumer behavior whilst digital or viral marketing platforms are also referred. Authors discuss the influence and association of brand activation with reference to different scenarios and cases directing future research requirements. Paper concludes research propositions in line with the empirical justifications encouraging future research priorities.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Family and Non-Family SMEs in Mexico
Authors: Maldonado-Guzman Gonzalo , Pinzón-Castro Sandra Yesenia , Alvarado-Carrillo Araceli
Published: July 2018

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been practically oriented towards large companies, and few studies have analyzed this construct in a context of family businesses, but there are few studies that relate CSR in small and medium-sized enterprises Family businesses (SMEs) and non-family businesses. Therefore, this empirical study has the essential objective of analyzing CSR in a context of family and non-family SMEs in Mexico. The results show that CSR is exactly the same in both family SMEs and non-family SMEs in Mexico.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Silica and Others Chemical Constituents of the Lyophilized Tea of Equisetum Arvense and Application of Its Biomass Wastes for Copper Adsorption
Authors: Monteiro Camila Muraroto , Barbosa Priscila Fernanda Pereira , De Oliveira Denys Ribeiro , Paim Leonardo Lataro , Nakamura Ana Paula Rizzato , Do Carmo Devaney Ribeiro
Published: July 2018

The herb Equisetum arvense is an herbaceous plant, commonly known as horsetail and as a medicinal plant. Its therapeutic resource is diffused intensely in the urban environment as an alternative or complementary form to allopathic medicines, therefore it is an important theme focused on medicine and popular health. In this context, the focus of the present work was to characterize the product of the tea from a manipulation form made by specialized pharmacy (M) and other natural product banking (B). The two horsetails were extracted in aqueous medium since this is the form in which the material is absorbed by the organisms. The M and B lyophilized products were preliminary characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), visible ultraviolet (Uv-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy (EDX). The resulting biomass adsorption (wastes) were applied in the cupric ions adsorption and the maximum adsorption capacity (Nfmax of M and B horsetail were 4.4x10-4 mol g-1 and 2.6x10-4 mol g-1 respectively.
Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of English Linguistics, Vol. 8, No. 4
Authors: Xu Diana
Published: July 2018

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of English Linguistics, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2018.
ONTOLOGICZNE I EPISTEMOLOGICZNE UWAGI O PENITENCJARYSTYCE I JEJ AUTONOMIZACJI
Authors: Czarkowski Jakub Jerzy
Published: July 2018

Nowoczesne społeczeństwo, procesy globalizacyjne oraz dynamicznie postępujący postęp technologiczny stawiają nowe wyzwania przed systemem więziennictwa. Współczesna penitencjarystyka potrzebuje określenia swoich ontologicznych i epistemologicznych podstaw, w szczególności przedmiotu badań.
DŁUG PUBLICZNY I DEFICYT BUDŻETOWY W UJĘCIU EKONOMICZNYM I PRAWNYM
Authors: Szybowski Daniel
Published: July 2018

Artykuł ma charakter opisowy. Głównym celem jest przedstawienie problemu dotyczącego długu publicznego i deficytu budżetowego zarówno w ujęciu historycznym (z punktu widzenia różnych szkół ekonomicznych) jak i z perspektywy prawa. Przedstawiono definicje i klasyfikacje tych pojęć. Deficyt budżetowy i dług publiczny są zjawiskami o naturze ekonomicznej, finansowej i prawnej. W zależności od tego, jaka naturę tych zjawisk mamy na uwadze, wyłaniają się odmienne ich pojęcia i funkcje oraz problemy i sposoby ich rozwiązywania. Problematyka deficytu budżetowego wynika z podejścia do równowagi budżetowej. Z kolei zagadnienia długu publicznego są pochodną problematyki deficytu budżetowego, finansowanego kredytem publicznym tworzącym dług publiczny. Deficyt budżetowy oraz źródła i formy jego finansowania wynikają z przyjętej organizacji sektora finansów publicznych oraz podlegają planowaniu i ustalaniu przez wyznaczone organy i według prawnie określonych reguł. Nie powinny być więc traktowane jako zdarzenia nieprzewidziane lub przypadkowe. Prawo tj. przepisy konstytucyjne oraz przepisy ustaw dotyczących finansów publicznych, a także ustalenia międzynarodowe obowiązujące państwa członkowskie OECD i Unii Europejskiej, określają podział kompetencji w zakresie ustalania deficytu budżetowego, zapewniając w tym względzie wyłączność rządu, w określaniu górnego poziomu deficytu budżetowego. Obecnie wydaje się, że zarówno rządy, jak i władze niezależnych banków centralnych doszły do wniosku, iż niemożliwe jest trwałe zrównoważenie budżetów państw, jak i likwidacja długu publicznego. Można się nawet spotkać z opiniami, że jest to zło konieczne dla trwałego zapewnienia funkcjonowania państw demokratycznych. Przegląd teorii odnoszących się do deficytów budżetowych pozwala na wyodrębnienie różnych jego rodzajów. Zaproponowane podziały stanowią pewną próbę systematyzacji omawianego zagadnienia, umożliwiająca nie tylko rachunkowe uchwycenie wyniku prowadzonej przez państwo polityki budżetowej, ale bliższe przyjrzenie się przyczynom ich powstawania.
REGULOWANA NORMATYWNIE ANTYCYKLICZNA ANTYKRYZYSOWA KRAJOWA POLITYKA MONETARNA BANKOWOŚCI CENTRALNEJ W POLSCE
Authors: Prokopowicz Dariusz , Gwoździewicz Sylwia
Published: July 2018

Streszczenie Od 1989 roku bankiem centralnym w Polsce jest Narodowy Bank Polski, którego działalność unormowana jest Ustawą o Narodowym Banku Polskim. Zgodnie z regulacjami tej Ustawy oraz w związku z funkcjonowaniem w Polsce waluty krajowej tj. polskiej złotówki bank centralny prowadzi całokształt polityki monetarnej w Polsce. Narodowy Bank Polski wykorzystując swe instrumenty krajowej polityki monetarnej może wpływać na procesy gospodarcze w ramach antycyklicznego interwencjonizmu celem aktywizowania procesów gospodarczych, wpływając na ilość cyrkulującego pieniądza w gospodarce i zmieniając koszt pieniądza wypożyczanego w kredytach przez banki komercyjne podmiotom gospodarczym. W ten sposób w sytuacji znacznego spowolnienia wzrostu gospodarczego kraju wywołanego globalnym kryzysem finansowym Narodowy Bank Polski prowadzi antykryzysową, interwencjonistyczną politykę monetarną. Tego typu działania prowadzone były już niejednokrotnie przez banki centralne w wielu innych krajach w przeszłości. Mimo tego, że rynek finansowy tak jak i inne rynki zbudowany jest według klasycznego modelu mechanizmu rynkowego, w którym współgrają ze sobą dwie strony rynku, tj. popyt i podaż a przedmiotem obrotu jest pieniądz w formie gotówkowej lub zawarty w różnych instrumentach finansowych to jednak jest to rynek zinstytucjonalizowany i uregulowany prawnie.
MULTIDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF CONGESTIONING IN VEHICULAR SYSTEMS
Authors: ROJAS RAMIREZ JORGE ARMANDO , TRENTESAUX DAMIEN
Published: July 2018

1913/5000
The pretension to develop an engineering project to solve circulation problems in large cities with the guidance of advanced technologies has led to the observation of several additional factors that affect the overall performance of the system. The most relevant are the polluting emissions, the physical and emotional health of the population and the excesses in the journey times. The vehicle entity, even with attributes of autonomy and connectivity, interacts with the entities road infrastructure, human driver and cybernetic link, determinants in the results.
Sicurezza in sala operatoria: utilizzo della tecnica FMEA/FMECA nel percorso diagnostico pre-analitico del campione biologico dalle sale operatorie ai laboratori
Authors: Arimatea Vanessa , Di Denia Patrizio , De Palma Alessandra , Cavedagna Daniela , Brugaletta Concetta , Miani Elena , Bianciardi Luca
Published: July 2018

[Safety in the operating room: use of the FMEA/FMECA proactive analysis technique in the pre-analytical diagnostic pathway of the biological sample from the operating room to laboratories]The inaccurate management of biological samples is one of the errors that can occur in the operating room: it can lead to a loss, incorrect labeling or storage of the sample, causing serious consequences for the patient. Proactive analysis of this high-risk process can reduce the possibility of this type of errors, improving patient safety and reliability of activities. A risk analysis technique employing proactive logic is the Failure and Effects Analysis/ Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMEA/FMECA).This paper describes an inter-professional and inter-facility project in which the FMEA / FMECA has been applied to the biological sample path from the operating room to the destination laboratories in two healthcare facilities in Bologna: the University Hospital S. Orsola Malpighi (AOU BO) and the Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute (IRCCS IOR). The aim of the project was to improve the safety and the reliability of the routine and urgent diagnostic procedure in these healthcare facilities.Two different working groups, belonging to the two healthcare facilities and composed of operating room doctors and nurses, have implemented the methodological steps of the FMEA/FMECA technique.At the end of the analysis process, 16 failure mode (FM) were identified at the AOU BO and 21 at the IRCCS IOR. Each FM was assigned a risk priority index (RPI) and the main causes and improvement actions to be planned were identified.Interventions were therefore undertaken to improve the safety and reliability of the riskiest welfare practices.A re-evaluation of the RPIs at 6 months-1 year from the improvement interventions will be carried out.The FMEA / FMECA technique gave the opportunity to the professionals involved to approach the adverse event through a new approach, which is the proactive method of risk analysis, using methods and tools for the improvement of patient safety that are independent, at least in part, from the study of the adverse event or near miss, representing an important step towards a real culture of security.
Natural enemies and biodiversity: The double-edged sword of trophic interactions
Authors: Mestre Alexandre , Holt Robert D.
Published: July 2018

Natural enemies, that is, species that inflict harm on others while feeding on them, are fundamental drivers of biodiversity dynamics and represent a substantial portion of biodiversity as well. Along the life history of the Earth, natural enemies have been involved in probably some of the most productive mechanisms of biodiversity genesis; that is, adaptive radiation mediated by enemy-victim coevolutionary processes. At ecological timescales, natural enemies are a fundamental piece of food webs and can contribute to biodiversity preservation by promoting stability and coexistence at lower trophic levels through top-down regulation mechanisms. However, natural enemies often produce dramatic losses of biodiversity, especially when humans are involved.
Prevalence of Wolbachia in 10 Tenebrionidae stored product insects and infection density dynamics in confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum (Jaquelin Du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebriondae)
Authors: Lu Yujie , Miao Shiyuan , Wang Zhengyan , Wang Sibao , Zhang Chenguang
Published: July 2018

Background: Increasingly interests in the potential use of insect symbionts Wolbachia to control populations of pest species were focused on many vector pest species and agricultural insects. However, few pieces of researches were reported in stored product insects.

Methods: We surveyed the prevalence of Wolbachia using a PCR detection method in 10 Tenebrionidae stored product insects. Subsequently, Wolbachia infection density and spatiotemporal dynamics in Tribolium confusum were investigated in detail by TaqMan probe real-time quantitative PCR, and Wolbachia elimination patterns by antibiotic treatment and host reproductive fitness parameters were compared.

Results: Our results identified that T. confusum were the only infected species in the survey. Wolbachia infection density consistently increased with the development of T.confusum and plateaued at 3.7×107 wsp copies per individual insect at the young adult stage. Wolbachia densities in females showed significant differences to the male at the pupae stage and varied in different tissues and organs.Aposymbiotic female beetles by feeding with Tetracycline diet were completely incapable to produce mature progenies when crossing with Wolbachia infected males. Embryogenesis and egg hatch rate were specifically inhibited after Wolbachia elimination, while other traits including egg produced numbers, pupation rate and sex ratio remained unaffected after antibiotic treatment.

Discussion: All the results indicated that Wolbachia infection was regarded as a mutualism but not obligate symbiont and benefited the host confused flour beetle.
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial volume and myozenin-1 protein differences exist between high versus low anabolic responders to resistance training
Authors: Roberts Michael D. , Romero Matthew A. , Mobley Christopher B. , Mumford Petey W. , Roberson Paul A. , Haun Cody T. , Vann Christopher G. , Osburn Shelby C. , Holmes Hudson H. , Greer Rory A. , Lockwood Christopher M. , Parry Hailey A. , Kavazis Andreas N.
Published: July 2018

Background

We sought to examine how 12 weeks of resistance exercise training (RET) affected skeletal muscle myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein levels along with markers of mitochondrial physiology in high versus low anabolic responders.

Methods

Untrained college-aged males were classified as anabolic responders in the top 25th percentile (high-response cluster (HI);n= 13, dual x-ray absorptiometry total body muscle mass change (Δ) = +3.1 ± 0.3 kg, Δ vastus lateralis (VL) thickness = +0.59 ± 0.05 cm, Δ muscle fiber cross sectional area = +1,426 ± 253 μm2) and bottom 25th percentile (low-response cluster (LO);n= 12, +1.1 ± 0.2 kg, +0.24 ± 0.07 cm, +5 ± 209 μm2;p< 0.001 for all Δ scores compared to HI). VL muscle prior to (PRE) and following RET (POST) was assayed for myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein concentrations, myosin and actin protein content, and markers of mitochondrial volume. Proteins related to myofibril formation, as well as whole lysate PGC1-α protein levels were assessed.

Results

Main effects of cluster (HI > LO,p= 0.018, Cohen’sd= 0.737) and time (PRE > POST,p= 0.037, Cohen’sd= −0.589) were observed for citrate synthase activity, although no significant interaction existed (LO PRE = 1.35 ± 0.07 mM/min/mg protein, LO POST = 1.12 ± 0.06, HI PRE = 1.53 ± 0.11, HI POST = 1.39 ± 0.10). POST myofibrillar myozenin-1 protein levels were up-regulated in the LO cluster (LO PRE = 0.96 ± 0.13 relative expression units, LO POST = 1.25 ± 0.16, HI PRE = 1.00 ± 0.11, HI POST = 0.85 ± 0.12; within-group LO increasep= 0.025, Cohen’sd= 0.691). No interactions or main effects existed for other assayed markers.

Discussion

Our data suggest myofibrillar or sarcoplasmic protein concentrations do not differ between HI versus LO anabolic responders prior to or following a 12-week RET program. Greater mitochondrial volume in HI responders may have facilitated greater anabolism, and myofibril myozenin-1 protein levels may represent a biomarker that differentiates anabolic responses to RET. However, mechanistic research validating these hypotheses is needed.
Hyperphalangy in a new sinemydid turtle from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota
Authors: Shao Shuai , Li Lan , Yang Yang , Zhou Chang-Fu
Published: July 2018

Hyperphalangy is a rare condition in extant aquatic turtles, and mainly limited to soft-shelled turtles. Here we report a new freshwater turtle,Jeholochelys lingyuanensisgen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China. This new turtle is characterized by a hyperphalangy condition with one additional phalanx in pedal digit V, rather than the primitive condition (phalangeal formula: 2-3-3-3-3) of crown turtles.J. lingyuanensisis recovered with other coexisting turtles in the family Sinemydidae in the phylogenetic analysis. This discovery further confirms that hyperphalangy occurred multiple times in the early evolutionary history of the crown turtles. Hyperphalangy is possibly a homoplasy inJeholochelysand the soft-shelled turtles to adapt to the aquatic environments.
Realization of a New Topological Crystalline Insulator and Lifshitz Transition in PbTe
Authors: Ma Songsong , Guo Chunyu , Xiao Chengcheng , Wu Fan , Smidman Michael , Lu Yunhao , Yuan Huiqiu , Wu Huizhen
Published: July 2018

Topological materials boast exotic metallic surface states with linear dispersion and spin‐momentum locking, which makes them potential candidates for dissipationless electronic and spintronic devices. Here, it is theoretically predicted that intrinsic Te antisite defects (TePb) in the narrow‐gap semiconductor PbTe induce a band inversion, turning it into a topological crystalline insulator (TCI). To experimentally verify the exotic properties, TePb antisites are introduced into PbTe crystals via nonstoichiometric growth by molecular beam epitaxy. Semimetallic resistivity and distinct quantum oscillations are observed on the TePb doped PbTe. Most importantly, a π Berry phase is unambiguously revealed by a Landau index analysis, demonstrating the Dirac fermion nature of the topological surface states. The discovered TCI nature in TePb doped PbTe is further explored using magneto‐transport measurements under external pressure, and the theoretical calculations of band structures with applying pressure indicate a pressure‐induced Lifshitz transition. Besides, it is proposed that the contribution of bulk states to transport can be reduced by enlarging the inverted gap with strain.