bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teatralidades De(s)coloniales. Influencias
Authors: Sarmiento-Bonilla María Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Este libro es un tomo de tres, que componen la serie “Teatralidades De(s)coloniales: entre la formación, la creación y la política en las calles de Abya Yala”. Los tres tomos son conjuntos de vivencias, conocimientos y sentipensamientos que compusieron prácticas escénicas en los espacios públicos de este continente. Estos tomos no tienen un orden preestablecido y he querido mantener una cierta libertad para que la lectora los lea en el orden que lo desea, tanto de un tomo a otro, como en el interior de los mismo. Esto quiere decir, que, aunque se encuentren organizados en capítulos dentro de cada tomo, quien lee puede decidir saltar de uno al otro, volver, o realizar el orden dado.
Capítulo 2
Authors: Ardila-Pérez Juliana Carolina , Naranjo-Flórez Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2021

En cuanto a la noción y el alcance de cada una de las figuras en mención, esto es la de las inhabilidades por un lado y la de las incompatibilidades por el otro, cabe señalar, en primer lugar, que de ninguna manera pueden identificarse o considerarse sinónimos de un mismo y único fenómeno jurídico a pesar de que la Ley les otorga unos efectos similares. Así lo ha explicado el Consejo de Estado
Capítulo 3
Authors: Ardila-Pérez Juliana Carolina , Naranjo-Flórez Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2021

En reciente providencia el Consejo de Estado explicó que unas inhabilidades requieren de la existencia de acto administrativo para su configuración, mientras que otras se concretan con la ocurrencia del hecho bien sea por la participación en la licitación o por la celebración del contrato, es decir, no requieren ser declaradas mediante acto.
Capítulo 9
Authors: Ardila-Pérez Juliana Carolina , Naranjo-Flórez Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2021

El Consejo de Estado señaló que “la presentación de un impedimento por el servidor público directivo para no tomar parte en las decisiones de tipo contractual que puedan afectar sus intereses personales o familiares resulta de suyo irrelevante frente a la inhabilidad y, por lo mismo, no hace que esta última desaparezca”.
Inhabilidades e Incompatibilidades en la Contratación Estatal
Authors: Ardila Perez Juliana Carolina , Naranjo Flórez Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2021

En alianza estratégica con el portal “Contratación en Línea” presenta este texto, como un aporte académico que emerge de investigaciones, congresos y seminarios conjuntos, en la idea de promover procesos de formación, que permitan que el ejercicio de los servidores públicos y los contratistas esté apegado al respeto de la ley y de los manuales éticos. Procurando con ello que los involucrados suplan sus demandas y necesidades de manera eficiente y que se cumplan a cabalidad sus expectativas en el marco de la ley.

De esta forma, evitamos distorsionar los caminos y los conductos normales que dicta la ética.
Parte 1, Capítulo 2
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

En esta sección se hace análisis comparativos de los principales grupos de referencia en los que el ICFES separa los saberes propios, haciendo énfasis en el área de conocimiento de Economía, Administración y Contaduría. Se da una mirada histórica de la prueba Saber-Pro entre los años 2012 y 2015. Solo se realiza la comparación en estos años, debido a que los resultados en este periodo son comparables, en forma y en puntajes promedio.
Parte 1, Capítulo 4
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

En esta sección se presentan los resultados de los estudiantes de Administración en los módulos de competencias genéricas y específicas según características de dichos estudiantes. Dichos resultados se presentan por características personales (género), socioeconómicas, sociolaborales y de ingresos (estrato socioeconómico, situación laboral, horas de trabajo, ser cabeza de familia, número de personas a cargo), niveles de educación de los padres de los estudiantes (educación de la madre, educación del padre) y su acceso a bienes y servicios informáticos (tiene internet, tiene computador).
Parte 2, Capítulo 2
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

En el capítulo Antioquia se encuentran 27 instituciones miembros y 2 invitadas de los departamentos de Antioquia, Caldas, Choco y Risaralda. Se realiza un análisis de los resultados del examen Saber Pro del año 2016, en distintos aspectos relacionados con las instituciones, el programa de formación y los individuos que lo presentaron.
Parte 2, Capítulo 4
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Se realiza un análisis de los resultados del examen Saber Pro del año 2016, en distintos aspectos relacionados con las instituciones, el programa de formación y los individuos que lo presentaron y que pertenecen a las IES del capítulo Centro de ASCOLFA. Este consta de seis instituciones de las cuales cinco son miembros y se encuentran ubicados en los departamentos de Tolima, Huila y Casanare.
Parte 2, Capítulo 6
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Se realiza el análisis de los resultados promedio de los estudiantes en los módulos de competencias genéricas del examen Saber Pro del año 2016 que pertenecen a las IES del capítulo Oriente de ASCOLFA, en distintos aspectos relacionados con las instituciones, el programa de formación y los individuos que lo presentaron. El capítulo está constituido por 16 Instituciones de Educación Superior miembros y 3 invitadas de los departamentos de Santander y Norte de Santander.
Discusión y recomendaciones
Authors: Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Mejía-Rodríguez Andrés Felipe , Salas-Díaz Ricardo José , Fajardo-Vásquez Henry Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Acá se presentan algunos resultados del estudio realizado. Estas se dividen en tres partes.

En la primera parte se presenta se presentan resultados y síntesis de partes anteriores. En la segunda, se presenta un argumento sobre la creación de valor en programas de Administración y estudios afines.
Conclusiones: Colcha terminada, pero no cerrada y referencias
Authors: Sarmiento-Bonilla María Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Sobre este proceso de investigación y de vida, narrado a lo largo de los tres conjuntos o tomos y los ocho enlaces que componen esta obra, no me resta decir nada más. Ciertamente, más que palabras, lo que me falta es calle, acción, interacción, intercambio, circulación. Más que conclusiones, quiero tener caminos donde pueda deambular, errar, corpografiar y gritar para así poder fisurar y sembrar.
Teatralidades De(s)coloniales. Propuestas
Authors: Sarmiento-Bonilla María Fernanda
Published: July 2021

Este libro es un tomo de tres, que componen la serie “Teatralidades De(s)coloniales: entre la formación, la creación y la política en las calles de Abya Yala”. Los tres tomos son conjuntos de vivencias, conocimientos y sentipensamientos que compusieron prácticas escénicas en los espacios públicos de este continente. Estos tomos no tienen un orden preestablecido y he querido mantener una cierta libertad para que la lectora los lea en el orden que lo desea, tanto de un tomo a otro, como en el interior de los mismo. Esto quiere decir, que aunque se encuentren organizados en capítulos dentro de cada tomo, quien lee puede decidir saltar de uno al otro, volver, o realizar el orden dado.
Introducción
Authors: Trujillo-Flórez Luis Martín
Published: July 2021

Los programas académicos virtuales cada día requieren estrategias educativas más inmersivas que permitan evidenciar la adquisición de competencias por parte de los estudiantes. Para facilitar dichos procesos se creó un Laboratorio de innovación pedagógica que a través de una metodología denominada ADDIEI (Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación, Evaluación, e Investigación), creada a partir de la combinación de varios métodos para elaborar ambientes y herramientas virtuales facilita el diseño, producción y elaboración de diversos proyectos de innovación educativa mediados por TIC. La creación de un Laboratorio de innovación pedagógica ha permitido el desarrollo de tales proyectos educativos de manera fácil y sostenible, con la gran ventaja que los productos resultantes se elaboran de acuerdo con las necesidades de los programas académicos y pueden implementarse en cualquier institución educativa.
Capítulo 1
Authors: Trujillo-Flórez Luis Martín , Martínez-Contreras Ronald Mauricio
Published: July 2021

Debido a la relación existente entre los estudiantes de administración de empresas del Politécnico Grancolombiano con el sector empresarial a través del módulo de diagnóstico empresarial, surge la necesidad de desarrollar un software que fortalezca la calidad de los productos de consultoría entregados al finalizar el curso. El propósito de esta experiencia de aprendizaje es brindarle al estudiante una herramienta que les permita profundizar en sus procesos de análisis teniendo como base conceptual la metodología de diagnóstico propuesta por Fred Davis (1995). Tras una revisión hecha a lo largo del proyecto de las tecnologías existentes para el desarrollo del análisis estratégico de las compañías fue posible identificar que en el mercado no existe un software con las características desarrolladas por el equipo de trabajo, y se hizo una revisión de las bases académicas que le dan sustento al diagnóstico empresarial en los tiempos modernos de tal modo, que el usuario del simulador cuente con un software de vanguardia desde el punto de vista académico y tecnológico.
Capítulo 2
Authors: Camejo-Ruíz José Armando
Published: July 2021

Los elementos de carácter teórico que se asocian al plano discursivo fundante en el presente estudio, tienen, como marca para la construcción de los referentes, a las formulaciones generadas desde las investigaciones vinculadas con las concepciones sobre ética, responsabilidad social y relaciones laborales; estos factores vinculantes devienen teoría social y se diferencian de los enfoques clásicos, en tanto persiguen suministrar aportes para reposicionar los componentes de los sistemas explicativos desde los cuales se intenta dar cuenta de los aspectos inherentes a lo que acá se expone como construcción.
Capítulo 4
Authors: Camejo-Ruíz José Armando
Published: July 2021

En la investigación se tomaron como universo de referencia a los profesionales que administran cargos de gerencia (media y alta), en las empresas tomadas como escenario empírico para el estudio. El número de gerentes ya referido se muestra en el cuadro siguiente
Preliminares
Authors: Carrizosa-Posada Diego , Medina Álvaro
Published: July 2021

Además de artista plástico, Luis Alberto Acuña fue escritor, dos actividades que Diego Carrizosa, el autor de este libro, considera detenidamente para revelarnos que no fueron oficios autónomos, como podría pensarse, sino complementarios.

El historiador Acuña, uno de los primeros en estudiar el arte de los Chibcha en sus diversas manifestaciones, desde los petroglifos hasta la alfarería pasando por el textil y la cerámica, alimentó, con sus escritos, los temas que el pintor Acuña desarrolló en lienzos y muros de grandes dimensiones. El artista se había empeñado, nos recuerda Carrizosa, en exaltar asuntos de importancia nacional que habían sido relegados por las generaciones anteriores, por no decir menospreciados.
Capítulo 4
Authors: Carrizosa-Posada Diego
Published: July 2021

Según Rubiano y Gallo de Bravo (1981), Rómulo Rozo y Luis Alberto Acuña se encontraron en 1926 en París, con el ingeniero y escritor bogotano Miguel Triana, quien fuese miembro de la Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias Naturales, de la Academia Colombiana de Historia, y fundador de la Sociedad Colombiana de Ingenieros. Triana incentivó en los dos jóvenes el interés por temas relacionados con el pasado precolombino y el origen del hombre colombiano, circunstancia que les fortaleció las bases conceptuales para proseguir indagaciones futuras sobre este tipo de temáticas.
Capítulo 1
Authors: Serrano-Marín Vicente
Published: July 2021

Uno de los enfoques más ricos e interesantes, y desde luego más originales, a la hora de abordar el neoliberalismo como fenómeno es el que aporta MichelFoucault en la segunda mitad de los años 70 del siglo xx en los cursos queimparte en el Collège de France, especialmente en el que acaba por titular El nacimientode la biopolítica.
Capítulo 6
Authors: Villasana-López Pedro Enrique
Published: July 2021

Quisiera comenzar por dejar más o menos claro, acerca de qué y de quién hablamos cuando hacemos uso del término resiliencia, según la APA, “la capacidad para adaptarse y superar la adversidad” (APA 2018), y entendida a los efectos de este trabajo como la resistencia activa a desaparecer ejercida por un fenómeno, corriente de pensamiento, forma de vida, modelo de sociedad, etc. En este sentido, nuestra hipótesis de entrada es que lo que hemos presenciado en las últimas décadas en América Latina, no ha sido la resistencia a desaparecer (resiliencia) ejercida por el Liberalismo, y su autodeclarado sucesor, el Neoliberalismo; sino del Colonialismo y su impresentable sucesor, el Neocolonialismo, como expresión de un burdo acto de ilusionismo, o suplantación de identidad, o como lo llamamos, un fraude continuado.
Uso de plataformas virtuales en la metodología de aula invertida
Authors: Rincón-León Oscar Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Métodos semipresenciales de educación y constantes cambios en la forma como se construyen metodologías para realizar mejoras en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes han generado espacios donde formas tradicionales de aprendizajes se invierten y permiten nuevas formas de interacción entre profesores y estudiantes, optimizando los tiempos de aprendizaje y de enseñanza entre los dos protagonistas (Velegol, Zappe y Mahoney, 2015).
Experiencias de aprendizaje significativo para la apropiación de conocimientos en ciencias económicas, administrativas y contables
Authors: Pico-Bonilla Claudia Milena
Published: July 2021

El contenido de este libro resultado de investigación interinstitucional prioriza conceptos transversales y propone ejercicios en el aula que responden a las demandas de unos estudiantes que abogan por roles más activos en el ejercicio de enseñanza aprendizaje; los cuales enmarcados en el discurso del capitalismo cognitivo y en los cambios que han experimentado los sistemas productivos con la aceleración de la productividad y el fin del fordismo proponen que el saber superior requiere construirse sobre tres ejes: la diversificación y especialización, la innovación y las habilidades para la toma de decisiones en un entorno de sobreabundancia de información.
La descentralización territorial y la integración andina
Authors: Blanco-Alvarado Carolina
Published: July 2021

La temática que he querido presentar hoy la he titulado la Descentralización territorial en el marco de la Comunidad Andina. Empezar a dialogar sobre esta temática implica en primera instancia tener muy en cuenta que hoy el derecho público y en especial el derecho administrativo tienen grandes desafíos, tanto en el marco global como en el marco nacional con la finalidad de asegurar una buena prestación de servicios públicos, y en especial, con la finalidad de asegurar con calidad la adecuada prestación de servicios públicos.
Nuevas tendencias de la responsabilidad civil
Authors: Fernández-Muñóz Mónica Lucía
Published: July 2021

El Derecho por supuesto es una ciencia de carácter dinámico que está en continua evolución lo que supone que constantemente estemos haciendo este tipo de reflexiones para ver cuáles son los últimos avances.
Responsabilidad por productos defectuosos
Authors: Isler-Soto Erika
Published: July 2021

El tema sobre el cual me gustaría que conversáramos hoy se refiere a la responsabilidad por productos, en un escenario en el cual el derecho común no es capaz de abordar la acción indemnizatoria que de ella se deriva. Esta situación se entronca bastante con la ponencia anterior, en el sentido de que la profesora Fernández ya acusaba que el sistema dual de responsabilidad, que distingue entre supuestos contractuales y extracontractuales, está colisionando con las exigencias actuales de la vida en sociedad.
Las cláusulas abusivas: Perspectivas para un contrato equilibrado y su posible reforma
Authors: Gual-Acosta José Manuel
Published: July 2021

Ahora, sin tomarme más del tiempo asignado, expondré sobre un argumento que suele generar inquietud y confusión. Me refiero a los abusos contractuales que como situaciones habituales tanto en la contratación civil, comercial y de consumo, se manifiestan como cláusulas abusivas y sobre estas qué control ejercer ante las partes oscuras de la ley.
La tendencia constitucionalizante en el derecho de los negocios
Authors: Acosta-Rodríguez Joaquín Emilio
Published: July 2021

Básicamente lo que me resta a mí por complementar con respecto a todos estos valiosos contenidos que se han expuesto, es que estamos en una era en que el concepto de Derecho ha cambiado: mis estudiantes estarán aburridos de oírme hablar de la posguerra y del nuevo concepto de Derecho; resulta que esta nueva concepción de lo jurídico ha sido plasmada en las denominadas constituciones de posguerra
Capítulo 2
Authors: Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Durán-Becerra Esteban
Published: July 2021

El segundo capítulo expone un análisis de los resultados de tres las dimensiones (Producción intelectual, Capital Humano e Internacionalización), que se presenta en el Modelo de Indicadores de Desempeño de la Educación – MIDE, del Ministerio de Educación Nacional, que se realizó por primera vez en 2018 (Figura 13). Este es un piloto para analizar las diferentes Áreas de Conocimiento (AC), iniciando su desarrollo para el Núcleo Básico de Conocimiento de Administración.
Capítulo 4
Authors: Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Durán-Becerra Esteban
Published: July 2021

En el capítulo cuatro se hace el análisis de los resultados de los estudiantes en el examen Saber Pro comparando los resultados naciones, y según la división regional de la Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Administración –ASCOLFA-. Se hace un análisis de algunas características de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) y toda la información se toma a partir de las bases de datos de los resultados del examen Saber Pro 2017 que se encuentran en el FTP_ICFES.
Capítulo 6
Authors: Rincón-Báez William Umar , Becerra-Plaza Giséle Eugenia , Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Durán-Becerra Esteban
Published: July 2021

Para el sexto capítulo se interpretan los datos de tasas de cotización e ingresos de los graduados tomadas un año después de su salida de la institución e inicio de su vinculación laboral. Este análisis se realiza inicialmente para todas las Áreas de conocimiento (AC), por origen y carácter de la institución, metodología del programa, género y región de los estudiantes; además se compararán los tres núcleos básicos (NB) de Administración, Economía y Contaduría, en estas mismas variables. Para lo anterior, se analizan los datos del Observatorio Laboral para la Educación (OLE) del Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia (Colombia. Observatorio Laboral para le Educación, 2017).
WEAR DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF SHUNTING LOCOMOTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL RAILWAY TRANSPORT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MATERIAL CORROSION
Authors: Horobets Y. V
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The research is aimed at obtaining new knowledge about the environmental influence on the supporting structures of the traction rolling stock of railways according to the corrosive wear parameter, the nature of the dynamics of this influence, as well as the evaluation of technical condition of the domestic traction rolling stock of industrial railways. Methodology. To obtain the relevant data, the author conducted aggregation and analysis of the results of ultrasonic thickness measurement of the main supporting structures of locomotives, obtained during eight years of the work to extend the service life of industrial transport locomotives. The supporting structures of series of locomotives presented in this study have a total range of service life of 25-48 years. They are located in different regions of Ukraine. Findings. The author found that among the surveyed fleet of diesel locomotives of industrial transport, the uniform corrosion level of supporting structures has a linear dependence on their service life with a rather low slope. Thus, according to the definitions of the normative documentation, which was relevant at the time of production of the rolling stock units that are the objects of this study, the material of the supporting structures (except for one particular case) belongs to the resistant group of metal corrosion resistance. Originality. Due to reasons such as the independence of industrial rolling stock from state-owned railway enterprises and the performance of maintenance work by various organizations, information on the general condition of the rolling stock of industrial transport is not readily available. The author for the first time collected statistical data on the state of industrial rolling stock and analyzed them. Practical value. The obtained results illustrate the development dynamics of equal corrosion of traction industrial transport structures, which, in turn, gives grounds for the subsequent improvement of the methodology of examining rolling stock units both during scheduled work and in order to extend the service life.
Genetic evaluation models for resistance to ticks in a crossbred Angus-Nellore population
Authors: Bravo André Padilha , Prestes Alan Miranda , Oliveira Mauricio Morgado de , Roso Vanerlei Mozaquatro , Mello Fernanda Cristina Breda , Rorato Paulo Roberto Nogara
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: This research identified the animal model that best describes the genetic and residual variations for tick counts in yearlings from a crossbred Angus-Nellore population of 6,951 animals that are progenies of 382 bulls and 6,198 cows. Genetic values were predicted by the Bayesian inference methodology. The models tested were: Traditional Animal, and Crossbred Animal with and without segregation, considering residual homoscedastic and heteroscedastic variances. The criteria of choice were the number of parameters, deviance information, and predictive order, which indicated the best fitfor the Traditional Animal model and Crossbred Animal model (with segregation), both with residual heteroscedastic Gaussian variance. The mean values of fixed genetic effects were positive and similar in the both models, indicating that animals with higher proportion of the Angus breed had greater infestation, and the Nellore breed was an important addition for resistance to ticks. The estimated genetic variation by the heteroscedastic Gaussian Animal model for the Nellore breed was 4.54-fold higher than that estimated for the Angus breed. The estimates of heritability of the different genetic groups ranged from 0.12 to 0.15 and from 0.01 to 0.35, respectively, for the Traditional Animal model and for the heteroscedastic Gaussian crossbred model. The Spearman’s rank-order correlation for the predicted genetic values was 0.94, considering all sires. However, when considering the top 10%, 20%, and 30% sires, differences in ranking were more evident (0.28 to 0.67). The Crossbred Animal model with segregation and heterogeneous residual variances was the most appropriate for genetic evaluation of tick counts on animals from Angus-Nellore crossings.
Herbage intake by steers grazing in a natural grassland with predominance of Andropogon lateralis Nees managed under different canopy heights
Authors: Biasiolo Ricardo , Zanella Pablo Giliard , Lopes Cássio Felipe , Barbosa Artur Martins , Baldissera Tiago Celso , Pinto Cassiano Eduardo , Garagorry Fabio Cervo , Ribeiro-Filho Henrique Mendonça Nunes
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The animal performance on pasture is directly correlated to canopy structure since this influences the herbage consumption. This study was evaluated the effects of four pre-grazing canopy heights (12, 20, 28 and 36 cm) of Andropogon lateralis Ness on herbage intake and feeding behavior of steers in a natural grassland under intermittent stocking management, using the same proportion of defoliation (40% reduction in pre-grazing height, i.e., post-grazing heights of 7.2, 12.0, 16.8 and 21.6 cm). The experiment was conducted on a total area of 14,000 m2, divided into sixteen paddocks of 875 m2. Thirty-two steers were used, divided into uniform pairs according to the live weight (LW) at the start of the experiment (244 ± 23.0 kg). Each paddock was subdivided into three plots of identical area; the first two plots were used for the adaptation period and the third for the assessment period. A randomized block design was used with four replicates and two assessment periods. Herbage mass and neutral detergent fiber content increased linearly (P < 0,001) with the increase of pre-grazing canopy heights. In contrast, was not affected by treatments, with mean values of 75 g/kg of dry matter (DM) in the upper stratum and 83 g/kg of DM in lower stratum. The herbage intake was similar between treatments (P = 0.255), averaging 1.78% LW. Grazing time increased linearly in the upper stratum and decreased linearly in the lower stratum with increasing pre-grazing canopy heights. Total time spent grazing, ruminating, and idling did not differ between treatments, with means of 52.6%, 23.0%, and 24.2%, respectively. Pre-grazing canopy heights treatments, based on the predominant species A. lateralis, did not affect the daily herbage intake of steers.
Environmental degradation risk by water erosion in a water producer Colombian Andes basin
Authors: Mellado Daniel Enrique Guauque , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Curi Nilton
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Globally, soil degradation by water erosion has become one of the major environmental problems in tropical regions, especially under the severe environmental conditions of the Andes. This study aims to detail the soil risk to degradation by water erosion in a water producer basin located in the Tropical Colombian Andes (Combeima River basin), applying the RUSLE model, discussing how to minimize the erosion processes under its environmental conditions (steep slope, climatic variability, soil classes and properties diversity, and alternative land uses). RUSLE was applied with the support of GIS to estimate current and potential risk to soil erosion in the basin, allowing the identification of areas more prone to degradation. It was found that currently, 50.5% of the basin’s area presents, on average, annual soil losses greater than 25 Mg ha-1 yr-1, meaning a very high risk to water erosion, with 30.4% showing a severe risk (> 100 Mg ha-1 yr-1). It was possible to conclude that the current land uses and soil management systems have not been effective in mitigating soil erosion, mainly when situated in steep topography. Therefore, it is necessary sustainable planning for the conservation of soil, water, organic carbon, plant nutrients, and other elements (not-nutrients) in this tropical Andes region.
A educação e o ensino de bioética em época de pandemia
Authors: Neves Júnior Waldemar Antônio das , Marques Lumaira Maria Nascimento Silva da Rocha , Teixeira Michelle Cecille Bandeira
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Due to the suspension of face-to-face activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, Higher Education Institutions had to discuss and plan alternative actions in an attempt to readequate themselves to emerging educational demands in order to offer remote accessibility to the academic community and, consequently, reduce social and digital exclusion. Development: Having that in mind, this article aims at offering a reflection on the teaching of bioethics under the perspective of social justice and education. Within this context, the students’ socioeconomic profile cannot be ignored in the planning of online education, since it directly affects students’ accessibility to academic activities through the use of computers and the internet. Therefore, this article proposes the use of moral intelligence skills as learning goals, in addition to revising and contextualizing pre-existing problems prior to the new reality of didactic contents. Moreover, it proposes a reflection on how bioethics may contribute to the discussions on the increase in social inequalities during this moment of crisis. Conclusion: The reflections presented in this article can be used in both remote, face-to-face and hybrid teaching contexts.
Inclusion of health care for people with disabilities in Brazilian undergraduate medical education
Authors: Freitas Júnior Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira , Freitas Rafael Antônio Santana de Oliveira , Carvalho Marcelo Pacheco , Maranhão Samantha Santos de Albuquerque , Lisboa Lilian Lira , Azevedo George Dantas de
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Introduction: In Brazil, official data estimate there are 45.6 million people with some type of disability and legislation establishes that medical schools should prepare future professionals for the essential care for people with disabilities (PWD). Health disparities faced by PWD are due, among other factors, to inadequate access to healthcare and poor training of professionals to deal with these situations. Objective: To identify the presence of aspects related to PWD healthcare in the curricula of medical courses in Brazil. Method: A documentary analysis of curricula and syllabuses was performed and included research in websites of 328 medical courses (42% public and 58% private) authorized by the Brazilian Ministry of Education. The Brazilian National Curricular Guidelines (NCG) were adopted as a theoretical framework (Brazil, 2014). The classification considered was: Class I - minimum attendance of the pedagogical project to the recommendations on care for PWD, due to the strict transcription of the NCG text and Class II - inclusion in the syllabus and programmatic content of the reference curricular components to the development of specifically related clinical skills to the health care of the PWD, including communication, clinical examination skills and ethical aspects. Results: Documents from 171 courses were available for analysis and the inclusion of aspects related to PWD healthcare was identified in 89 courses (52%). This inclusion was more prevalent in public courses (n=56; 62,9%) than in private ones. The inclusion of the teaching of the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) was observed In 50 courses (29.2%). The curricular contents were predominantly focused on the Class I (n=80;89,9%) with an absolute lack of description of the procedural strategies to promote the development of clinical competencies related to PWD care. Conclusion: Our study reinforces the need to improve this approach in medical school curricula since providers can play an essential role in mitigating health disparities faced by PWD through competent care. In the Brazilian context, our data point out to a dramatic situation consistent with the invisibility of PWD issues; a need for the development and implementation of PWD-specific educational curricula.
IgA nephropathy in patients with serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) positivity: case series
Authors: Dias Cristiane Bitencourt , Jorge Lectícia Barbosa , Woronik Viktoria , Cavalcante Lívia Barreira , Yu Luis
Published: July 2021

Abstract Some cases of patients with IgA nephropathy diagnosed via kidney biopsy and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity have been reported. This article describes a case series comprising patients with IgA nephropathy and ANCA positivity seen at a medical center in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1996 to 2016. A total of 111 patients underwent diagnostic kidney biopsies for IgA nephropathy. Five were ANCA-positive at the time of diagnosis; their mean age was 45 ± 15.3 years and they were predominantly females with a mean proteinuria of 2.2 ± 0.9 g/day and a median serum creatinine level of 2.5 (2.0 - 8,6) mg/dL; all had hematuria. Four of the five were cANCA-positive (80%); all had normal serum C3 and C4 levels; and 80% were positive for ANA. One case presented an association with infection, but no associations were found with medication. One patient had granuloma and another had a collapsing lesion. This article describes the cases of five ANCA-positive patients (with predominantly cANCA positivity) submitted to diagnostic kidney biopsies for IgA nephropathy; one patient had a collapsing lesion, but progressed well.
Shear strength characteristics of interlocked EPS-block geofoam-sand interface
Authors: Özer A. T. , Akay O.
Published: July 2021

Translation of entire geofoam embankment at the bottom of geofoam block assemblage and bedding sand is a possible internal failure mode due to unbalanced hydrostatic forces. In addition, available shearing resistance along the bottom of geofoam block assemblage and bedding sand is an important design issue for internal seismic stability analysis. This study has focused on the methods to increase the interface shear resistance along the traditional flat surface geofoam block and bedding sand interface. In addition to traditional flat surface geofoam-sand interface, the effect of four different interlock configurations composed of geofoam blocks with one- and four-triangular and one- and four-square ledges were quantified by using direct shear tests. Two different densities (EPS19 and EPS29) and two different types of sand (Ottawa sand and Adapazari sand) were used. Therefore, the effects of geofoam stiffness, interface geometry, grain size and particle shape of the bedding sand on the interface stress-strain behavior was quantified. Manufacturing ledges along the traditional geofoam surface significantly improved the geofoam block-sand interface shear resistance. In addition, interrupting the failure plane with ledges changed the interface shear mechanism of the traditional flat surface geofoam block-bedding sand interface from purely frictional to frictional-cohesive behavior.
Confined-reinforced earth with various geogrid lengths in reducing differential settlement
Authors: Ho H. M. , Kuwano J.
Published: July 2021

Reducing differential settlement between bridges and their embankments caused by an earthquake is necessary to maintain traffic, especially emergency vehicles accessing affected areas. The confined-reinforced earth (CRE) method has been proposed to strengthen the subgrade layer at the bottom of a road pavement and to ultimately reduce road surface unevenness. The method uses granular soil, geogrid layers and confining tie rods. This study presents model experiments designed to investigate the effects of embedded geogrid lengths on CRE behavior under differential settlement and cyclic (vehicle) loads. The CRE was constructed on a fixed plate to simulate a bridge abutment, and on a movable plate to simulate the settlement of an embankment. The results showed that the surface settlement distribution and the maximum surface slope of the CRE decreased with an increase in embedded geogrid length until the geogrids are sufficiently long. Beyond this length value, the deformation only changed slightly. The tensile strain in the geogrids also increased with increased embedded geogrid length under settlement, and the maximum tensile strain increased linearly with increasing settlement. The increment of tensile strain due to the cyclic load was larger for lower geogrid layers than for upper geogrid layers.
Phase equilibrium occurring during low-carbon iron-based melt deoxidation with silicostrontium
Authors: Makrovets L. A. , Samoilova O. V. , Mikhailov G. G. , Bakin I. V.
Published: July 2021

At the moment, to improve quality of metal (especially low-alloyed), out-of-furnace steel processing technologies are used with complex alloys utilization, which include alkaline earth metals (ALM) in addition to silicon. Study of strontium additives effect on deoxidation and liquid steel modification processes is one of the promising areas of research in field of metallurgical technologies. Thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in Fe – Sr – Si –C– O system melt was carried out using method of constructing surface of components solubility in metal. Solubility surface determines stability limits of non-metallic phases formed during deoxidation, depending on composition of liquid metal of the studied system. The  calculation was carried out using equilibrium constants of reactions occurring in the melt during deoxidation, as well as the first order interaction parameters (according to Wagner) of elements in liquid iron. Activity of the oxide melt components was determined using theory of subregular ionic solutions. Activity of the gas phase was calculated taking into account partial pressures. Simulations were performed for two temperatures (1550 and 1600  °C) for fixed carbon concentrations (0 (no carbon in liquid iron) and 0.1 % (low-carbon metal melt)). It has been shown that, in comparison with silicon, strontium is stronger deoxidizing agent in liquid metal. According to the simulation results, liquid oxide non-metallic inclusions of variable composition or strontium ortho- and metasilicates Sr2SiO4 and SrSiO3 (with an increase in strontium concentration) should be the main oxide phases in deoxidation products. Decrease in the temperature of liquid metal leads to changes in phase formation (formation of SrSiO3 silicate becomes possible).
Review on the book of Roshchin V.E. and Roshchin A.V. “Physics of Pyrometallurgical Processes”
Authors: Yakushevich N. F. , Gizatulin R. A.
Published: July 2021

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Effects of processing, storage time, and tissue volume in the retrieval and quality of RNA and the expression level of RNU6
Authors: Benedetti Ines , De León Laura , Reyes Niradiz
Published: July 2021

Background: Molecular analyses of tumor RNA expression have become widely used both for research and clinical purposes. Tumoral tissue preservation is a critical step to ensure accuracy of molecular-based diagnostics, for which, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues represent a valuable source of clinical samples. MicroRNAs are ideal biomarkers in FFPE-tissues, in whose expression evaluation RNU6 is one of the genes used as a normalizer. Our aim was to determine, in FFPE tissue samples, the effects of length of storage and corresponding volume of each studied sample, on the RNA retrieval, quality and concentration, as well as their correlation to the expression level of RNU6. Methods: Fifty tissue blocks with a mean length of tissue storage of 30 months (SD=±12.07, 95% CI= 27.4-34.3). were included. Total RNA was isolated, absorbance and concentrations were determined and correlated with length of storage and volume of tissue. RT-qPCR for RNU6 was performed and their Ct results were correlated to the same parameters. Results: There was a direct correlation between the concentration and quality of the obtained RNA, and an inverse correlation between the tissue storage time and the RNA quality. The volume of tissue studied was not correlated with the RNA quality or concentration. The RNA quality and the length of tissue storage directly correlated to the RNU6 expression level, while RNA concentration and the volume of tissue studied did not affect it. Conclusions: There is an association between longer FFPE tissue storage time with lower RNA quality and lower RNU6 expression level.
“Kenőcs a halotti szellem ellen”: egy késő-babiloni orvosi szöveg elemzése
Authors: Bácskay András
Published: July 2021

This paper edits an accadian medical record out of the Late Babylonian period preserved on a clay tablet which is housed in the British Museum. The table provides a short insight into the Mesopotamian medical documents of the Late Babylonian period (the time of the Persian and Seleucid rule in Babylonia). This study while publishing and analysing the specific record demonstrates parallel the general characteristics of medical tablets of this era.
Magyarországi helyzetkép táplálkozási szokásokról a kultúra és a hagyományok tükrében, különös tekintettel a romákra
Authors: Kocsis Éva , Mózes Noémi , Feith Helga
Published: July 2021

For centuries, the traditional eating habits of the Hungarian people have also been influenced by historical events, what kind of rule we were under, or which country we were allied with. The eating habits of the smaller segments, such as families, were determined by the given political situation and social affiliation. Of course, the weather conditions also had a great influence on the ingredients of the kitchen. Today’s modern eating habits are influenced by knowledge, financial means, fashion, the environment. The combination of these, combined with physical inactivity, causes the domestic population to be a leader in the world and European rankings in terms of overweight and obesity. The health situation of the Roma, as the largest minority in Europe, is of great importance in Hungary as well. Their health is worse than that of the majority of society, and their life expectancy is lower. The ethnic group with a long tradition and customs, preserving the ancient heritage proudly. In addition to their disadvantaged situation, this still affects their eating habits today. Despite the abandonment of the nomadic lifestyle, typical flavours and kitchen techniques are still used today, despite the fact that assimilation greatly influences their diet. Going through the history of both the Hungarian and the Gypsy minority, we review eating habits, what they have preserved from the past, and the extent to which the fashion of the “Western way of life” has an impact on the eating habits of modern society.
Fegyelem a kolera idején – járványhelyzet szabályozása a XIX-XX. századi magyar törvényekben
Authors: Lomnici Zoltán
Published: July 2021

This study tracks and explains the legal and institutional background of the state of public health emergency and epidemic disasters related to the historic development of Hungarian legislation. There are concerned several important parliamentary acts, and rules and regulations issued during the cholera pandemic 1893–94. One of the main lessons learned is that an appropriate legal and financial framework is needed to control any pandemic, and the states involved must strengthen all essential institutions of their public health system – nevertheless, Hungary has a very long tradition in this regard.
A vér-agy gát rövid története - felfedezésétől a depresszióig
Authors: Gál Zsófia
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, it is not questioned that the blood-brain barrier plays an extremely important role in isolating central nervous system structures from peripheral tissues, but in the early stages of medical research and life sciences, its existence was not clearly defined. A better understanding of the real structure took a long time and needed new techniques. Currently, researchers are still focusing on the blood-brain barrier in conditions of the nervous system like mental disorders, since it is increasingly important to get closer to understanding the exact function of this barrier. This short summary gives an insight into these problems.
Dance as a Remedy of Lifestyle Medicine, a Cultural-psychophysiological Approach
Authors: Lázár Imre
Published: July 2021

Dance is a traditional element of cultural-psychophysiological homeostasis. The chapter approves the role of dance in maintaining mental and bodily health. As dance is deeply cultural by its nature, it is worth extending its framework of healing from social-psychophysiological towards the cultural. The chapter explores the cultural, social, psychological, and bodily benefits and homeostatic functions of dance in an age of sedentary lifestyle. Sedentarism proved to be a silent killer responsible for increased cardiovascular, oncological morbidity and mortality; therefore, one should explore the lifestyle medical gains of dance along the whole life course. We explore the PNI-related and neurological aspects of endocrine functions of active muscle and its role in the prevention of chronic diseases and ageing. Dance also proved to be beneficial in mental health problems. We pay special attention to Hungarian folk dance revival, the so-called Táncház (Dance House) movement, and its practical potential in physical and psychological health protection, social skill development, gender socialization, and personal development.
A magyarországi alkalmazott gyógyszerészek érdekvédelmi mozgalmai 1919-ig
Authors: Szmodits László
Published: July 2021

The Author presents the living and working conditions of the Hungarian employed pharmacists and their changes from the 19th century, up to 1919. The ideas, demands, professional political and political movements of the employed pharmacists, as well as their organizational frameworks, are discussed.
A fogászati kerámiaanyagok fejlődésének történeti áttekintése
Authors: Saláta József
Published: July 2021

Initially, ceramics - mostly burnt clay - were used to manufacture container pottery. The first porcelain objects reached Europe out of China in the Medieval Ages. The technique of their manufacturing was a mystery for many hundred years, yet Germans succeeded first to produce fine European porcelain at the beginning of the 18th century. Its elegance and hardness woke the dentists’ interest too thus Frenchmen created the first porcelain dentures in the second half of the 18th century. Since then, there has been an increasing demand for esthetic fixed implant dentures instead of removable ones. The development of ceramic materials resulted in better mechanical and optical properties, thus the first fixed porcelain inlays and jacket crowns were introduced already in 1889. The addition of leucite filler crystals to porcelain in the 20th century increased the thermal expansion of the ceramic. It could be fired on common dental casting alloys, so the first porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown was created in 1962. Several new techniques were developed from the middle of the 1980s to the end of the 1990s to deal with initial shrinkage and achieve better properties. Beyond casting, pressing, and CAD/CAM technology, additive manufacturing opened new perspectives in dentistry several years ago in processing dental ceramics.
Galilei életműve és kopernikánus eszméi. Eszmetörténeti áttekintés
Authors: Vassányi Miklós
Published: July 2021

This study offers first a summary of Galileo’s life oeuvre, based on original sources. Second, it expounds on the arguments in detail he advanced while defending Copernicanism in five of his works, namely the Sidereus nuncius, the epistle addressed to Cristina di Lorena, the Dialogo, the Saggiatore, and the Discorsi e dimostrazioni. All interpretations endeavour to fine-tune Galilei’s points of view without the usual generalizations. Finally, a closing evaluation tries to clarify Galileo’s place in the history of European natural sciences.
A PET palack és egyéb poliészter hulladékok újrafeldolgozása, újrahasznosítása
Authors: Kutasi Csaba
Published: July 2021

The scientific definition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) changed for polyester in the common language. It was first manufactured in 1928 and the production of the fibre version started in 1941. Nowadays, 70% of artificial textile raw materials are polyester fibres and a significant amount of plastic waste is generated at the end of the life cycle of polyester clothing and other end products. The injection moulding process introduced in the 1970s made it possible to design and produce three-dimensional objects, and this resulted in the spreading of light, transparent, resistant and non-fragile PET bottles. Given that the degradation of PET is more than 450 years, the increase of recycling and reprocessing is an urgent pressure.