bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient uptake and adherence to social prescribing: a qualitative study
Authors: Pescheny Julia , Randhawa Gurch , Pappas Yannis
Published: August 2018

Background

Social prescription is an initiative that aims to link patients in primary care with sources of support within the community and voluntary sector to improve their health, wellbeing, and care experience. Such programmes usually include navigators, who work with referred patients and issue onward referrals to sources of non-medical support. Most research on social prescribing (SP) has focused on outcome evaluations, resulting in a knowledge gap of factors affecting uptake and adherence. Understanding such factors enables the refinement of programmes, which has the potential to enhance uptake and adherence, reduce health inequalities, and optimise investment.

Aim

To explore the experiences and views of service users, involved GPs, and navigators on factors influencing uptake and adherence to SP.

Design & setting

Qualitative interviews were conducted with stakeholders involved in an SP programme in the east of England (Luton).

Method

Data were collected from semi-structured face-to-face interviews with service users, navigators, and GPs. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results

Factors affecting uptake and adherence to SP were related to patients’ trust in GPs, navigators' initial phone call, supportive navigators and service providers, free services, and perceived need and benefits. Reported barriers to uptake and adherence were fear of stigma of psychosocial problems, patient expectations, and the short-term nature of the programme.

Conclusion

This study provides an insight into factors affecting patient uptake and adherence to SP programmes. More research in this field, including patients who refused to participate in SP, is needed.
Spin-coated planar Sb2S3 hybrid solar cells approaching 5% efficiency
Authors: Kaienburg Pascal , Klingebiel Benjamin , Kirchartz Thomas
Published: August 2018

Antimony sulfide solar cells have demonstrated an efficiency exceeding 7% when assembled in an extremely thin absorber configuration deposited via chemical bath deposition. More recently, less complex, planar geometries were obtained from simple spin-coating approaches, but the device efficiency still lags behind. We compare two processing routes based on different precursors reported in the literature. By studying the film morphology, sub-bandgap absorption and solar cell performance, improved annealing procedures are found and the crystallization temperature is shown to be critical. In order to determine the optimized processing conditions, the role of the polymeric hole transport material is discussed. The efficiency of our best solar cells exceeds previous reports for each processing route, and our champion device displays one of the highest efficiencies reported for planar antimony sulfide solar cells.
On the Dynamics of Pebbles in Protoplanetary Disks with Magnetically Driven Winds
Authors: Shadmehri M. , Khajenabi F. , Pessah M. E.
Published: August 2018

We present an analytical model to investigate the production of pebbles and their radial transport through a protoplanetary disk (PPD) with magnetically driven winds. While most of the previous analytical studies in this context assumed that the radial turbulent coefficient is equal to the vertical dust diffusion coefficient, in the light of the results of recent numerical simulations, we relax this assumption by adopting effective parameterizations of the turbulent coefficients involved, in terms of the strength of the magnetic fields driving the wind. Theoretical studies have already pointed out that even in the absence of winds, these coefficients are not necessarily equal, though how this absence affects pebble production has not been explored. In this paper, we investigate the evolution of the pebble production line, the radial mass flux of the pebbles, and their corresponding surface density as a function of the plasma parameter at the disk midplane. Our analysis explicitly demonstrates that the presence of magnetically driven winds in a PPD leads to considerable reduction of the rate and duration of the pebble delivery. We show that when the wind is strong, the core growth in mass due to the pebble accretion is so slow that it is unlikely that a core could reach a pebble isolation mass during a PPD lifetime. When the mass of a core reaches this critical value, pebble accretion is halted due to core-driven perturbations in the gas. With decreasing wind strength, however, pebble accretion may, in a shorter time, increase the mass of a core to the pebble isolation mass.
Shocked POststarburst Galaxy Survey. III. The Ultraviolet Properties of SPOGs
Authors: Ardila Felipe , Alatalo Katherine , Lanz Lauranne , Appleton Philip N. , Beaton Rachael L. , Bitsakis Theodoros , Cales Sabrina L. , Falcón-Barroso Jesús , Kewley Lisa J. , Medling Anne M. , Mulchaey John S. , Nyland Kristina , Rich Jeffrey A. , Urry C. Meg
Published: August 2018

The Shocked POststarburst Galaxy Survey (SPOGS) aims to identify galaxies in the transitional phase between actively star-forming and quiescence with nebular lines that are excited from shocks rather than star formation processes. We explored the ultraviolet (UV) properties of objects with near-ultraviolet (NUV) and far-ultraviolet (FUV) photometry from archival GALEX data; 444 objects were detected in both bands, 365 in only the NUV, and 24 in only the FUV, for a total of 833 observed objects. We compared SPOGs to samples of star-forming galaxies (SFs), quiescent galaxies (Qs), classical E+A post-starburst galaxies, active galactic nuclei (AGN) host galaxies, and interacting galaxies. We found that SPOGs have a larger range in their FUV–NUV and NUV–r colors compared with most of the other samples, although all of our comparison samples occupied color space inside of the SPOGs region. On the basis of their UV colors, SPOGs are a heterogeneous group, possibly made up of a mixture of SFs, Qs, and/or AGN. Using Gaussian mixture models, we are able to recreate the distribution of FUV–NUV colors of SPOGs and E + A galaxies with different combinations of SFs, Qs, and AGN. We find that the UV colors of SPOGs require a >60% contribution from SFs, with either Qs or AGN representing the remaining contribution, while UV colors of E + A galaxies required a significantly lower fraction of SFs, supporting the idea that SPOGs are at an earlier point in their transition from quiescent to star-forming than E + A galaxies.
Evidence for Multiple Molecular Species in the Hot Jupiter HD 209458b
Authors: Hawker George A. , Madhusudhan Nikku , Cabot Samuel H. C. , Gandhi Siddharth
Published: August 2018

Molecular species in planetary atmospheres provide key insights into their atmospheric processes and formation conditions. In recent years, high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy in the near-infrared has allowed detections of H2O and CO in the atmospheres of several hot Jupiters. This method involves monitoring the spectral lines of the planetary thermal emission Doppler-shifted due to the radial velocity of the planet over its orbit. However, aside from CO and H2O, which are the primary oxygen- and carbon-bearing species in hot H2-rich atmospheres, little else is known about the molecular compositions of hot Jupiters. Several recent studies have suggested the importance and detectability of nitrogen-bearing species in such atmospheres. In this Letter, we confirm potential detections of CO and H2O in the hot Jupiter HD 209458b using high-resolution spectroscopy. We also report a cross-correlation peak with a signal-to-noise ratio of 4.7 from a search for HCN. The results are obtained using high-resolution phase-resolved spectroscopy with the Very Large Telescope CRyogenic high-resolution InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (VLT CRIRES) and standard analysis methods reported in the literature. A more robust treatment of telluric contamination and other residuals would improve confidence and enable unambiguous molecular detections. The presence of HCN could provide constraints on the C/O ratio of HD 209458b and its potential origins.
Carotid magnetic resonance imaging in persons living with HIV and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score
Authors: Mee Thomas C , Aepfelbacher Julia , Krakora Rebecca , Chairez Cheryl , Kvaratskhelia Nina , Smith Bryan , Sandfort Veit , Hadigan Colleen , Morse Caryn , Hammoud Dima A
Published: August 2018

Background

Both traditional and HIV-specific risk factors contribute to greater incidence of cardiovascular disease in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Using state-of-the-art, high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the common carotid arteries, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between carotid vessel wall thickness (c-VWT) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score in PLWH.

Methods

Cross-sectional determinations of c-VWT using MR imaging in virally suppressed PLWH without known cardiovascular disease ( n=32) and matched controls ( n=13) were completed. Clinical data, including ASCVD risk and c-VWT, were compared between groups and regression analyses performed to identify predictors of c-VWT.

Results

PLWH had significantly higher c-VWT (1.15 ±0.11 mm versus 1.08 ±0.08 mm; P=0.02) as well as higher diastolic blood pressure compared to controls, but exhibited no differences in 10-year ASCVD risk score, systolic blood pressure or smoking. Ten-year ASCVD risk score (r=0.53, P-value =0.0002), age (r=0.30, P-value <0.05), triglycerides (r=0.33, P-value =0.03) and waist circumference (r=0.36, P-value =0.02) were significantly associated with increased c-VWT. Among PLWH, c-VWT did not differ by protease inhibitor use. In a multivariate regression analysis, ASCVD risk score was the only variable significantly associated with c-VWT ( P-value =0.02), whereas, HIV status was not.

Conclusions

In this cross-sectional study MR imaging demonstrated that c-VWT, a known marker for CVD risk, was increased in PLWH relative to controls, and that 10-year ASCVD risk was closely related to c-VWT, independent of HIV infection. Our data suggest that traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in PLWH are adequately captured in the ASCVD risk score which was closely associated with subclinical carotid disease.
A new rare species of the Rhadinaea decorata group from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico (Squamata, Colubridae)
Authors: García-Vázquez Uri Omar , Pavón-Vázquez Carlos J. , Blancas-Hernández Jean Cristian , Blancas-Calva Epifanio , Centenero-Alcalá Eric
Published: August 2018

A new species of theRhadinaeadecoratagroup is described based on two specimens from the Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero, Mexico. The new species differs from all other members of the genusRhadinaeaby having: eight supralabials; 149–151 (male) ventrals; 63–77 (male) subcaudals; two large pale nuchal blotches, forming an incomplete collar that occupies two scales laterally and is bissected along the dorsal midline; a postocular pale marking consisting of a well-defined, narrow line beginning behind the upper posterior margin of the eye and extending posteriorly nearly horizontally until connecting with the nuchal blotches; and the dark ground color of the flanks extending to the lateral portion of the ventrals. The large nuchal blotches distinguish the new species from the other members of theR.decoratagroup, except forR.cuneataand some individuals ofR.hesperia(pale nuchal marking one-scale wide inR.marcellae, absent in the other species). The condition of the postocular pale marking distinguishes it fromR.cuneataandR.hesperia(postocular pale marking wedge-shaped inR.cuneata, not connected with the pale post-cephalic markings inR.hesperia). Furthermore, the number of subcaudals and the coloration of the lateral portion of the ventrals distinguish it fromR.omiltemanaandR.taeniata, the remaining congeners found in Guerrero (85–90 in males ofR.omiltemanaand 91–121 inR.taeniata; dark color of the flanks not reaching ventrals in the former species, occasionally and faintly inR.taeniata). Additionally, a new combination forR.stadelmaniis proposed. The new species is the first described in the genusRhadinaeain more than 40 years.
New species and a new genus of Philopotamidae from the Andes of Bolivia and Ecuador (Insecta, Trichoptera)
Authors: Holzenthal Ralph W. , Blahnik Roger J. , Ríos-Touma Blanca
Published: August 2018

A new genus and species of Philopotamidae (Philopotaminae),Aymaradellaboliviana, is described from the Bolivian Andes of South America. The new genus differs from other Philopotaminae by the loss of 2A vein in the hind wing and, in the male genitalia, the synscleritous tergum and sternum of segment VIII, and the elongate sclerotized dorsal processes of segment VIII. The first record ofHydrobiosella(Philopotaminae) in the New World is also provided with a new species from the Andes of Ecuador,Hydrobiosellaandina. In addition, a new species of the Neotropical genusChimarrhodella(Chimarrinae),Chimarrhodellachoco, is described from the Choco-Andean region of Ecuador, andChimarrhodellaperuviana(Ross) is recorded from Ecuador for the first time. Lastly,Wormaldiaimbrialis(Philopotaminae), new species, is described, also from the Ecuadorian Choco.
Computational Models for Optimization of the Intrastromal Corneal Ring Choice in Patients With Keratoconus Using Corneal Tomography Data
Authors: Lyra Daniela , Ribeiro Guilherme , Torquetti Leonardo , Ferrara Paulo , Machado Aydano , Lyra João Marcelo
Published: August 2018

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the predictability of asphericity and average keratometry in patients with keratoconus after implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) using artificial intelligence.

METHODS:

This study included 209 eyes of 160 patients with keratoconus (grades I, II, and III) who had ICRS implanted. The 160 arc length Ferrara ICRS was implanted in all patients. ICRS thickness varied from 150 to 250
μ
m. Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany) corneal tomography parameters, clinical data, and ICRS data formed the basis of the 39 studied parameters. Linear regression was used to create the models.

RESULTS:

The best mean absolute error value found was 0.19 for asphericity and was 1.18 for mean keratometry. Comparing the mean absolute error values of the nomogram with the average absolute error of the algorithm, there was an improvement of 0.11 for asphericity and 0.09 for mean keratometry in relation to the current nomogram.

CONCLUSIONS:

The current study showed that the use of computational models could lead to more accurate results and contribute to better surgical decision-making to improve the clinical outcomes in patients with keratoconus implanted with ICRS.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(8):547–550.]
Reivindicación de una modernidad del sur. El reconocimiento del «género humano» en el pensamiento hispano del siglo XVI
Authors: Polo Blanco Jorge
Published: August 2018

En el presente trabajo queremos esbozar una vindicación del pensamiento hispano que, al calor de la conquista de América, elaboró un potente cuerpo de reflexiones innovadoras que rompía con los moldes epistémicos e ideológicos del teocratismo medieval. Este pensamiento, puesto en marcha principalmente por figuras pertenecientes a la orden religiosa de los dominicos, se construyó dentro de los moldes teológicos de la escolástica pero, en realidad, abrió un terreno fecundo e intelectualmente inédito en lo jurídico, lo moral y lo antropológico-filosófico. Su contribución teórica, en ese sentido, fue de una envergadura extraordinaria, no siempre valorada por la historiografía. Y ese pensamiento, que constituyó un eslabón primigenio y primordial en la germinación de la modernidad, se produjo en un contexto sureño y católico. Es verdad que aquella incipiente modernidad quedó sepultada y obturada ya en el último cuarto del XVI y, principalmente, a partir del 1600. El testigo pasó entonces a los países protestantes del norte, como Holanda. Pero creemos imprescindible conocer y estudiar aquel pensamiento hispano que alumbró por vez primera la seminal categoría de «género humano», con todas las implicaciones que ello conllevaba.
Aquel infeliz estado de pobreza. Los veranos ruinosos en la isla de Margarita: siglos XVI-XVIII
Authors: Altez Rogelio
Published: August 2018

Los diferentes fenómenos meteorológicos conducentes a sequías registrados en la isla de Margarita durante el período colonial son revisados aquí desde una perspectiva analítica que interpreta la articulación clima-sociedad-historia como una relación indivisible. El trabajo, basado en la recopilación de información documental, pretende evidenciar la historicidad de la vulnerabilidad de aquella sociedad, así como su carencia de estrategias de adaptación al medioambiente.
El origen del colono en Puerto Rico. Un balance historiográfico del agricultor de la industria azucarera en el siglo XX
Authors: Alemán Iglesias Javier
Published: August 2018

En el presente ensayo se analiza el origen del colono en la industria azucarera de Puerto Rico durante el siglo XX. El propósito principal es demostrar, por medio de una revisión historiográfica, la manera en que distintos autores han estudiado al colono en la isla caribeña, señalando las aportaciones y limitaciones de estos investigadores en relación a este personaje histórico.
Sustainable Development in Muslim Economies
Authors: Ansari Aisha
Published: August 2018

This chapter addresses geopolitics and sustainability and their interrelations with peace and stable economic conditions. Historical events in energy and geopolitics often suggest economic and social patterns which aim for sustainable growth but result in impoverished living conditions. Through analyzing the downward spirals in supply and demand, behaviors, and lifestyles, economies have the potential to offer diverse strategies for management of change and development. Exploring cultural and economic development, striking a balanced and normative approach which acknowledges the existence of societal dogmas, and finding alignment in educational, political, economic, and spiritual values are keys to sustainability.
A Big Data Framework for Decision Making in Supply Chain
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: August 2018

The advent of information and communication technologies (ICT) ushers a cost-effective prospect to take care of large volumes of complex data, commonly known as “big data” in the supply chain operational environment. Big data is being generated today by web applications, social media, intelligent machines, sensors, mobile phones, and other smart handheld devices. Big data is characterized in terms of the velocity, volume, and variety with which it produces along the supply chain. This is due to recent advances in telecommunication networks along with centralized and decentralized data storage systems, which are processed thanks to modern digital computational capabilities. There is a growing interest in the use of this large volume of data and advanced analytics for diverse types of business problems in supply chain management (SCM). Such decision-support software applications employ pure mathematical techniques, artificial intelligence techniques, and sometimes uses both techniques to perform analytical operations that undercover relationships and patterns within supply chain generated big data. This chapter proposes a framework for the utilization of big data in SCM decision making. The framework is based on the SCOR (supply chain operations reference) model, which is endorsed by Supply Chain Council (SCC). The proposed framework is influenced by the enterprise potential of augmented reality and virtual reality in supply chain applications, and it identifies key categories of big data analytics applications for the key businesses of SCOR model. Finally, the chapter highlights research issues to extract insight from big data sources for enterprise decision making.
Software Agents Mediated Decision Simulation in Supply Chains
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: August 2018

The concept of software agent has become important in both artificial intelligence and mainstream computer science. Multi-agent systems (MAS) are providing the way to design and implement information system solutions that exhibit flexibility, adoptability and reconfigurability in a distributed environment, which are main benefits over traditional centralized software systems. The analysis, design, deployment and testing of such distributed agent-based software systems, particularly those exhibiting intelligent decision-making properties, are usually a challenging task. Simulation plays a key role to analyse the behaviour of MAS solutions during the analysis and design phase of automated software solution. This chapter uses the concept of multi-agent computing and presents software architecture for green supply chain management, in particular carbon footprint assessment planning for a multi-modal transportation problem. In this architecture, all the software agents' operations are governed by a hybrid knowledge-based which utilizes case-based reasoning (CBR) and rule-based reasoning (RBR). The describe architecture accepts a transportation service request and plans a transportation strategy with a minimum environmental impact (i.e. CO2 footprint), by retrieving best practices (from a carbon footprint perspective) for each route leg, from a repository of best practiced cases. Carbon footprint best practices from each route leg in a multi-modal transportation scenario are used to minimize environmental impact and thus demonstrate system functionality.
Risk Mapping Analysis With Geographic Information Systems for Landslides Using Supply Chain
Authors: Suresh D.  , Yarrakula Kiran , Venkateswarlu B.  , Mohanty Biswajita , Manupati Vijayakumar
Published: August 2018

Among the various natural disasters, landslides are considered to be one of the serious geological hazards that are triggered due to intensive rainfall, earthquakes, deforestation, mining, floods, etc. Landslides result in devastating impacts causes thousands of deaths and injuries, damage to properties. The changing pattern of landslide hazard zones every year forces the need to safeguard people and properties in the respective areas. Weighted linear combination (WLC) is used to prepare the landslide hazard zonation map in the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu, India. Nine layers, namely slope, aspect, lineament density, rainfall, distance of roads, elevation, distance from rivers, landuse/landcover, geology, are used in overlay analysis. Supply chain facilities are widely used in the field of transportation of goods to the consumers with the reduction of transportation costs. The implementation of supply chain mechanism along with GIS in disaster management could help to save numerous lives during disaster events.
Evaluation and Selection of Green Suppliers Using Fuzzy VIKOR and Fuzzy TOPSIS
Authors: Sasikumar P.  , Vimal K. E. K.
Published: August 2018

Green supplier selection is considered to be one of the prominent strategic ways to determine the success of whole supply chain in recent times. In this chapter, fuzzy VIKOR and fuzzy TOPSIS methods are used to select the suitable green supplier under fuzzy environment. The green supplier evaluation approach is demonstrated with a real-world case study involving textile manufacturing industry in southern part of India concerning 11 foremost evaluation criteria that the company has determined to select the most suitable supplier. The compromising solution for the four decision makers in Fuzzy VIKOR corroborate with the compromising solution of Fuzzy TOPSIS method. The application of proposed method in the case organization helps to identify the appropriate supplier systematically. The result offer useful insight for the managers to select the suitable supplier to improve the environmental image of the organization.
Basis for Competitive Advantage in the Different Application Domains
Authors: Roos Göran
Published: August 2018

A competitive advantage can be defined as a condition or circumstance that puts a company in a favorable or superior business position as compared to its competitors. Competitive advantages can be treated within the firm or grounded in an advantage existing in the firm's operating environment. In looking at South Australia's competitive advantage as it relates to the macroalgae value chain, we can see that it has a reputation of unpolluted costal land and waters that is ideal for the cultivation of marine macroalgae. This chapter explores that competitive advantage.
Understanding Luxury Food for the Asian Markets Through an Intellectual Capital Lens
Authors: Roos Göran
Published: August 2018

When entering the food segment with new or existing products, it is essential to avoid commoditization and cost-based competition. This becomes especially important for a new player like the South Australian macroalgae-based food products and food ingredients industry. The extreme top end of these industries in terms on non-price-based competition is the luxury products industry and for Australia the key export market is China. This chapter provides an insight into the luxury food products industry for export to China.
Impact of Climate Change on Tourism
Authors: Siddiqui Samreen , Imran Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Climate change is an influencing phenomenon in present global perspective having a wide range of impacts at different levels within the society and industries. This chapter introduces the climate change basics and its major impacts on the global environment. Further, it describes the tourism industry and identifies its relationship with climate change. Scientists take different approaches to deal with climate indices and their application to identify the impact of climate change on the tourism industry. This chapter classifies the tourism industry into different industry type based on the regional characteristics links with the geographical locations. Climate effects have been discussed with different case studies and regions. Then the chapter has been concluded with the major overall impact of climate change in terms of temperature rise, sea level rise (SLR), change in precipitation and extreme events in some cases, on the tourism industry, and next steps to be taken towards sustainable tourism industry.
Ecotourism as a Viable Option for Conservation of Wildlife in Protected Areas Under Shivalik Hills of the Outer Himalaya, India
Authors: Akash  , Navneet
Published: August 2018

The concept of ecotourism in protected areas and their implications for the conservation of flora and fauna are of global significance. Ecotourism is not only for suitable practice of tourism in protected areas as it deals with environmental conservation, but also supports local communities. The Himalaya in present times harbors a good increase of ecotourism in protected areas like Rajaji tiger reserve, Nanda Devi Biosphere reserve, Corbett National park, Kedarnath wildlife sanctuary, etc. Efforts done by state government in building tourism state have promoted the tourism industry in general. This chapter will explore the potential of ecotourism in protected areas and the local people's perceptions towards the local tourism, conservation of wildlife and substitutes for their livelihood. Additionally, it will explore potential sites already developed or can be developed for increasing options for enhancing ecotourism, providing information about various tools, which can attract the tourists from various disciplines.
Vulnerability of Avifauna and Wildlife to Tourism Impacts
Authors: Salgueiro Joana , Vieira José Guilherme Moreira Simões , Vieira Luis R. , Azeiteiro Ulisses M. , Soares Amadeu M. V. M. , Morgado Fernando
Published: August 2018

The chapter is developed on a two approach basis. In the first, it analyzed a global contextualization of the vulnerability of avifauna and wildlife to tourism impacts, where a transversal diagnosis is made. The vulnerability of wildlife to disturbance is complex and several studies suggest that animals undergoing non-threatening, predictable, and frequent disturbances can become familiarized and opportunistic. The results of a case study about tourist activities impact on birds with high and urgent importance in an environmental protection area (Cananéia-Iguape, Brazil) are also analyzed. This study consisted of fieldwork through the methodology of fixed points. The objective was to identify ecological indicators most likely to be threatened by tourism, the identification of bird species and of tourism activities susceptible to human presence. The results obtained demonstrate the need for the creation of buffer zones and the introduction of information signs. These are tools that can be used to promote the coexistence of wildlife and tourism.
Emancipation of South African Women in Biodiversity Conservation for Tourism
Authors: Mawela Ailwei Solomon
Published: August 2018

The emancipation of women volunteering in biodiversity conservation for tourism in local communities cannot be overemphasized, particularly in developing countries. This chapter explores the views of Alexandra Township women participating in biodiversity conservation for tourism. A case study design was used. Purposive selection technique was employed to sample 10 women. The semi-structured interview was used to collect data. Findings indicated that members of the environmental organization lack substantive environmental conservation knowledge which resulted in poor biodiversity conservation for tourism. Several challenges emerged such as lack of support from the government, lack of tourist attractions, poor infrastructure, inadequate human resources, and poor profits. This study suggests the empowerment of women in local environmental organizations through in-service training in biodiversity conservation.
Understanding Knowledge Absorption for Inbound Open Innovation Practices
Authors: Zincir Oya , Rus Diana
Published: August 2018

The successful integration of internal and external knowledge is crucial for the success of inbound open innovation processes. Yet, to date, our understanding of how different kinds of knowledge characteristics affect the knowledge absorption process in inbound open innovation is still rather fragmented. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of how different aspects of knowledge (i.e., internal and external knowledge antecedents: prior knowledge, internal and external knowledge structure, knowledge source, types of knowledge, and knowledge environment) related to knowledge absorption in the inbound open innovation process. In the discussion, the authors highlight how far different knowledge characteristics either help or hinder knowledge absorption and, thereby, the potential success of inbound open innovation practices. Moreover, they point towards areas that promise to be fruitful for future research exploring the link between aspects of knowledge and absorptive capacity in the context of inbound open innovation.
Strategies and Tools for Knowledge Management in Innovation and the Future Industry
Authors: Črešnar Rok , Nedelko Zlatko , Jevšenak Senta
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine two widely used knowledge management strategies and propose to each strategy complementary knowledge management tools that can help to encourage innovation, especially in the future Industry 4.0. Organizations are currently facing dynamic transitional changes and are becoming increasingly knowledge-based. Knowledge is an essential driver of innovation. Therefore, strategies must be implemented to support the knowledge management process. Strategies for knowledge management can be frequently oriented towards ICT or towards interpersonal relationships. For the support of knowledge management strategy, organizations may use technologies, techniques, and methods that are often referenced to as knowledge management tools. In Industry 4.0, strategically focused knowledge management could prove to be a critical component in securing the relevant knowledge to help foster innovation. Furthermore, the implementation of knowledge management strategies is shown to have a direct positive impact on organization's performance.
Resilience, Innovation, and Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Pinto Hugo , Guerreiro André
Published: August 2018

Resilience is obtaining a considerable attention in social sciences. It has particular interest by regional studies as a bouncing forward characteristic of territories that are able to create new paths, based in their explicit and latent capabilities, to cope with shocks and disruptions. Inspired by the evolutionary perspective of resilience, this chapter debates the notion of resilience and presents its relevance to the understanding of innovation and knowledge transfer. Innovation is presented as a crucial collective process to create new possibilities to transform regional economies. Knowledge transfer, from public research organizations to firms, assumes a crucial function by structuring important networks, generating social capital and opening innovation to catalyze the social valorization of research results.
“Getting Bruised, Hurting, and Dirty” in School Leadership
Authors: Grimmett Peter P.
Published: August 2018

Two themes, 1) administrative managerialism and 2) human kinship, are used to theorize an effective approach to educational leadership. The first arises from difficulty in Canada recruiting teachers into school administration. The second emphasizes human kinship, where we speak out of our materiality as an earthling. These themes suggest a leadership profile grounded in valuable experience gained in the practice of teaching. The intent of this chapter is to theorize an approach to leadership that emphasizes a sense of calling toward the public good, where school leaders can engage in the action that nurtures a culture encouraging teachers to be responsibly accountable and students to engage in assiduous study. “Careerists” rarely take time to understand the complexities of a symbolic/cultural approach and the author's claim is that we need to select leaders who understand how to infuse the work of teaching with value, meaning, passion, and purpose.
Conceptualizing a Leadership Style for Promoting the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Rural Secondary Schools
Authors: Jojo Zingiswa Mybert
Published: August 2018

Mathematics teachers serve as instructional leaders in their classrooms to ensure effective teaching and learning of mathematics. This chapter chronicles the conceptualization of a leadership style that promote the teaching and learning of mathematics in rural secondary schools. In this chapter, a prediction of a leadership style that can transform underachieving rural secondary schools for the promotion of teaching and learning of mathematics is presented. In addition, the interaction between transformational and instructional leadership effects in the mathematics classroom are discussed. The chapter defines leadership in mathematics teaching, discusses leadership for the mathematics classroom, presents how leadership was introduced in South African schools, followed by Mathematics instructions and leadership, and principal's perceptions on school leadership and its links to or effects on mathematics performance. Finally, the chapter suggests applied transformational leadership as a proposed tested model that has yielded a good performance in rural mathematics classrooms.
Community College Infrastructure
Authors: Gaulee Uttam
Published: August 2018

The idea of community colleges serves to disrupt elitism in higher education by countering social stratification that is created and maintained by conventional models of education around the world. At a time when countries seek to redefine their education policies towards stabilization, prosperity, and democratization of opportunities, the idea of community college offers a powerful connective solution to community, industry, and national economies. The powerful but flexible idea of community college infrastructure is open for adaptations through a wide range of unique economic contexts around the world.
Diploma Pathway Programs
Authors: Velliaris Donna M.
Published: August 2018

As a second chance for prospective students who do not meet initial Australian Higher Education (HE) entrance requirements, “pathway” providers attract (international) students early in their tertiary lifecycle to secure their destination. The pathway model that evolved in the 1980s-90s was developed to address the issue of attrition. This innovative model tailored a learning solution that enhanced student transition (i.e., cultural and social integration and academic support). Increasingly, “pathway” institutions offer valuable partnerships for the Australian HE sector, and it is beneficial to conduct research into this division to strengthen and improve the overall teaching and learning experience. There appears to be scant literature on pre-university pathway offerings within and beyond Australia; thus, the contents of this chapter explicates three diploma programs delivered at one particular institute during the period 2013-2015 in Australia.
Challenges Facing Contemporary Community Colleges
Authors: Ardalan Shah S.
Published: August 2018

For over a century, American community colleges have delivered on their mission of open access and now educate about half of all undergraduate students in the United States. Recognized as primary providers of higher education and workforce training, especially to non-traditional and socioeconomically disadvantaged students, community colleges serve as transformative engines of prosperity and democratization of education. Contemporary community colleges face many challenges. Mainly, while community colleges are persistently underfunded, their leaders are under ever-increasing demand to improve student completion.
Learning Together
Authors: Tollefson-Hall Karin L.
Published: August 2018

This chapter describes a 17-year partnership between the James Madison University Art Education Center and the Virginia Mennonite Retirement Community. The collaboration centers on a service-learning experience for pre-service art educators to provide art instruction to the residents of the retirement community. In 2009, the author became the coordinator of this service-learning experience and instructor for its corresponding art education course. The art education students work with independent living and memory care residents of the retirement community. Being a part of a collaborative, long-term program with the retirement community has provided tremendous learning experiences for the author, her students, the residents, and the retirement community staff regarding the power of art making in an intergenerational setting. This chapter includes a literature review, examples of artwork made in the program, descriptive observations, and reflections on the author's experience working with students and residents in the retirement community.
Story Dances
Authors: Crawford Julia Ann
Published: August 2018

The motivation of this chapter is to add to the literature about the practice of teaching dance with a critical and somatic approach and to contribute to illuminating the reality of negotiating power in the dance classroom and the complexity of the influence of cultural values on this dynamic. This chapter reflects on the process of teaching a dance curriculum that explores identity to three different cultural groups in order to gain knowledge of best practices for nurturing somatic authority and providing meaningful choice opportunities while developing dance skills.
Beyond Words
Authors: Tan Suet Ferng
Published: August 2018

Post-traumatic growth is an intangible yet a very real and possible phenomenon. Conventional measurement of post-traumatic growth relies on formal self-assessed questionnaires and interviews which may be challenging to administer and sustain in the long course of the healing process. This chapter builds upon the post-traumatic growth inventory designed by authors Tedeschi and Calhoun and proposes an arts-based assessment for post-traumatic growth. This may offer a more organic approach to the measurement of growth and it may be utilized by caregivers and counselors in a safe, non-clinical environment. The results from this research demonstrate the effectiveness and depth of arts-based assessment both as a standalone as well as a complementary tool that can be used alongside other forms of assessment to measure growth.
Food Advergames and Children
Authors: Chakraborty Tanusree , Saha Raiswa
Published: August 2018

Advergames are a very dynamic marketing tool for companies coupled with being interactive, fulfilled, networked, creating positive connection with consumers, provides pleasurable environment marked by two-way communication. Food advergames target children population who without knowing the persuasive content of the games engage in the play. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the psychodynamics of food advergames, how advergames influences children's eating attitude and behavior, and also discusses about the health hazards that food advergames bring in with itself. Finally, the chapter throws light on the impact and concerns of food advergames on children's eating behavior.
Gap Between Mobile and Online Advergames
Authors: Çadırcı Tugce Ozansoy , Gungor Aysegul Sagkaya
Published: August 2018

Mobile and online advergames are likely to influence brand associations differently. Regardless of the advergame environment, successful games are capable of taking the player into the flow state. How the experience of flow influences the outcomes of the advergames in different environments is a new and an important subject for the advertisers. In order to understand the outcomes (i.e., brand recall and brand attitude) of the advergames in different mediums (online vs. mobile) with the flow introduced, a lab experiment was conducted. Results of the experiment yielded that brand recall and brand attitude were different in different environments. When the interaction of skill and challenge was introduced to the study, however, hypotheses were partially supported. Furthermore, arousal resulted in better brand recall and more positive brand attitudes in the mobile environment. Lastly, time distortion caused no difference in brand attitude, while supporting mobile in brand recall.
Social Media Marketing
Authors: Prasad Priyanka , Saigal Pooja
Published: August 2018

Utilizing internet, particularly social networking websites, for marketing is called social media marketing. It comprises designing a well-structured content that consumers can share with each other to help a company broaden its customer base and increase its brand visibility. However different social media platforms have different target audiences, and therefore, in order to succeed, it is indispensable for marketers to have a thorough understanding of tools and techniques required to attract different clusters of customers.
Gamification to Promote the Engagement in Healtcare and Wellness of Patients Under Therapeutic Care
Authors: Mishra Surendra Prasad , Kulshreshtha Dinkar , Srivastava Anoop Kumar , Gandhi Ajeet Kumar , Rastogi Madhup
Published: August 2018

The evolution of gaming in healthcare promotion evolved concurrently with the ascendance of computing technology, smart phones, facilitated by video-based 3D technology and virtual reality in the mid-eighties and nineties. Health and wellness in the twenty-first century is interlinked with the wealth of the nation and individuals and its traditional definition of physical, psychological, spiritual, social, and financial optima has seen new paradigms. The gaming technology has found groundbreaking applications in many diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to modulate the behavioral changes, simulation of virtual reality, and passage to recovery through neurologically engaging the cognitive functions with the stimuli produced. Physiological symptoms and life-threatening disorders which may caused be faced by viral inflictions (HIV, Hepatitis C, etc.) and type 2 diabetes could today be significantly managed by gaming technologies for psychosomatic management.
From Early Marriage to Adolescent Pregnancy in Turkey
Authors: Yildirim Filiz , Abukan Bilge , Oztas Duygu
Published: August 2018

Early marriages/child marriages, defined as formal marriages or informal unions before age 18, have been studied within other adolescence issues in Turkey. Adolescence pregnancies resulting from early marriages in Turkey should not be evaluated without considering the socio-cultural context. This is because this problem occurs mostly under the marriage structure even if it is too early (under the age of 18) and families approve of such marriages. The purpose of this study is to discuss adolescent pregnancies as a result of early marriages in Turkey in accordance with the socio-cultural context pertaining to the social structure of Turkey.
Bringing Culture Back In
Authors: Akella Devi
Published: August 2018

Teenage pregnancy in United States has strong cultural and historical connections. Unfortunately, in a majority of the studies, all debates and perspectives on teen pregnancy ignore these underlying cultural values and signifiers. Yet to allow a more holistic understanding of teen pregnancy, the behavior of these teenagers should be examined within the parameters of their cultural and historical backgrounds. Teen pregnancy needs to be deconstructed from a cultural angle. This chapter focuses on the African American population and provides an alternate perspective on the behavior and actions of teenagers and on their choice of early motherhood. The chapter uses interviews conducted with school nurses and school counselors affiliated with two public high schools to provide critical insights on teenage pregnancy.
Applications of Ontology-Based Opinion Mining
Authors: Sulthana Razia , Ramasamy Subburaj
Published: August 2018

Ontology provides a technique to formulate and present queries to databases either stand-alone or web-based. Ontology has been conceived to produce reusable queries to extract rules matching them, and hence, it saves time and effort in creating new ontology-based queries. Ontology can be incorporated in the machine learning process, which hierarchically defines the relationship between concepts, axioms, and terms in the domain. Ontology rule mining has been found to be efficient as compared to other well-known rule mining methods like taxonomy and decision trees. In this chapter, the authors carry out a detailed survey about ontology-related information comprising classification, creation, learning, reuse, and application. The authors also discuss the reusability and the tools used for reusing ontology. Ontology has a life cycle of its own similar to the software development life cycle. The classification-supervised machine learning technique and clustering and the unsupervised machine learning are supported by the ontology. The authors also discuss some of the open issues in creation and application of ontology.
Internet of Things and Its Impacts in Computing Intelligence
Authors: Sarowar Md. Golam , Kamal Md. Sarwar , Dey Nilanjan
Published: August 2018

In the age of information superhighway, internet of things (IoT) is a hotly debated subject. The difference between ancient era and current time is the very lager digital communications among the people in whole world. The entire universe is moving towards digitalization and the key framework is the internet and connecting devices. The devices that are connected with internet are called internet of things. So, the impacts and influences of IoT are very significant in current computational analysis and dealings. Realizing the worth of big data in internet of things (IoT), this contribution gives instances of M2M messaging mechanism, cloud-based embedded computing, mobile computing, and cellular networking technologies in alliance with IoT devices, sensors, gadgets, etc., location spoofing detection for IoT, clustering tools for next generation, and details observation of methods, prospects, processing of big data which has a massive growth after the evolution of IoT. Finally, the concluding announcement interprets principal scheme of this work and future research directions in this field.