bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPEMIMPINAN UMAR BIN KHATTAB DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Depri Deprizon
Published: May 2020

KEPEMIMPINAN UMAR BIN KHATTAB 

DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

 

Deprizon

Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

Gmail: deprizon@umri.ac.id

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini mengkaji dan mendalami tentang Kepemimpinan Umar Bin Khattab t dalam bidang Pendidikan Islam. Kepemimpinan terampil memukau, karena hak dan tanggung jawabnya ia laksanakan, pandangannya terhadap bawahannya penuh dengan kasih sayang, lemah lembut, juga komunikasi aktif (aktif comukation), maka Sikap inilah yang seharusnya menjadi ruh dan urat nadi dari seorang pemimpin. Penulis mencoba untuk menguak Kepemimpinan Umar Bin Khattab t dan perkembangan pendidikan Islam Pada masa kepemimpinannya sebagai Khalifah kedua, seperti: 1)Umar Bin Khattab adalah orang yang adil, 2)Umar Bin Khattab memiliki sifat kasih sayang, 3)Umar Bin Khattab memiliki sifat bijaksana, 4)Umar Bin Khattab memiliki sifat yang Kuat, 5)Umar Bin Khattab memiliki kecerdasan, 6)Umar Bin Khattab Konsekwen. Metodologi Penelitian ini mengacu kepada pendekatan kepustakaan (library research yang bersifat deskriptif Kualitatif). Penelitian ini memfokuskan objek kajiannya berupa sumber-sumber teoritis yang bersifat tertulis. Hasil dari penelitian ini terutama bagi dunia Akademis dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan acuan dan rujukan (literatur) yang dapat menambah khazanah pustaka terutama dalam rumpun ilmu bidang pendidikan Islam.

 

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Umar Bin Khattab t, Pendidikan Islam.
NEUROPLASTICIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE DA NEUROCIÊNCIA
Authors: Araújo Caimar Bruna , César Dias Lopes Gabriel
Published: May 2020

O estudo do sistema nervoso tem relação com comportamento, emoções e memória e está relacionado diretamente aos estímulos  ue o homem tem, seja do organismo ou do meio externo. De acordo com alguns estudos, existem neurônios que crescem por toda a  ida fenômeno que leva o nome de neogênese ou neuroplasticidade, podendo estes migrar pra áreas afetadas por doenças  eurodegenerativas por exemplo. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a partir da neurofisiologia a capacidade do sistema nervoso  e adaptação e de readaptação frente aos estímulos. Para a realização do estudo foi utilizado pesquisas de revisão de literatura entre  s anos de 2009 a 2019, nas bases de dados Scielo, Lilacs, Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, sendo discutido temas pertinentes ao  ssunto. Foram utilizadas palavras chave em português e inglês sendo elas: Neuronios; Plasticidade Neural; Sinapses; Neuroplasticidade e Neurons; Neural Plasticity; Synapses; Neuroplasticity.
Gyermekközpontú igazságszolgáltatás
Authors: Hegedűs Ákos
Published: May 2020

What can this more and more frequently asserted new phrase mean? Is this a new slogan to be advertised at many places? The importance of the age can be observed from the beginning of the legislation just like the special role of the child in societies. At the same time, we meet pitfalls and uncertainties at the level of applicable procedural rules. There is a need of knowledge of some fundamental provisions of the procedural and substantive rules of criminal and civil law, bearing in mind within the scope of interpretation the legal principles established by international treaties, so that the phrase would not mean only a cliché. It is important to make it clear who can be regarded as a minor, what can be done by a child in person and what are the rules of representation, because every decisionmaker was a child once and the procedural legality depends on the compliance of the rules applicable to children.
Orvos vagy egészségügyi rendészet története az ókortól a XIX. század végéig
Authors: Sallai János
Published: May 2020

Among nowadays’ daily news appeared like a bombshell the flu-like disease caused by the coronavirus and immediately began to dominate world news. According to the shots presented obtained outstanding attention the healthcare regulations, the quarantine, the protective means and the closure of the Chinese city Wuhan, where coronavirus appeared in masses and took several hundred victims in January 2020. The coronavirus is new, but the developed health crisis and its handling is not new in the history of policing. This paper presents the short history of medical or health policing from the antiquity to the end of the 19th century.
A koronavírus gazdasági hatásai a vízügyi ágazatban
Authors: Balatonyi László , Tóth László
Published: May 2020

The containment of the virus needs co-ordinated actions of the member states and an international cooperation. For the water sector as a nationwide organisation subordinated the Ministry of Interior it is a new challenge, too and has to be settled together. In this situation the fighting needs a basic change of our rules of action. Although the organisation tries to minimize spreading out of the virus, but it must handle the tasks fixed in the valid statute regulations and other legal rules of the sector, too. The experiences already show that the calculable economic stability has already changed this year.
„A rendőrségnek mindent!”
Authors: Hornyik Zsuzsanna
Published: May 2020

This year on 4th May celebrated Dr. László Pella ret. pol. brigadier-general his 80th birthday. He was born in Miskolc and when he came into the capital as a top water polo player, he did not intend yet to become a policeman. When he joined the Police, he had a career there worth getting to know. László Pella keeps in touch not only with old colleagues but also with employees of the local Police station even today, retained his obligation to maintenance of public order and public safety. What he keeps in fondest memory and how he lives in retirement we can get known from the interview with him, conducted by Zsuzsanna Hornyik.
How does Emotional Intelligence Relate to Transformational Leadership, Creativity, and Job Performance?
Authors: Md. Sahidur Rahman  , Shameema Ferdausy  , Md. Al-Amin  , Refa Akter
Published: May 2020

This study aims to investigate the relationships between emotional intelligence (EI), and transformational leadership (TL), creativity (CR), and job performance (JP) of the managers as perceived by the subordinates. Cross-sectional survey research is the primary research design for the study. A printed survey instrument is used to collect data from 189 working MBA students in Chattogram city using a purposive sampling technique. The respondents provide information about EI, TL, CR, and JP of their managers. We employed descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and regression analysis to analyze the obtained data. The findings of the study show that there is a positive correlation between EI and TL (r = 0.68). Again, a firm affinity is observed between EI and CR (r = 0.62). Furthermore, a strong relationship is found between EI and JP (r = 0.73). This study imparts the message to the organizations that they should focus on upgrading the EI competencies of the managers who intend to be transformational leaders and willing to show their credibility in creativity and superiority in job performance.  The purposive sampling technique was adopted which is one of the major limitations of this study.
FROM GLOBAL MINDSET TO INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES: THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE SMES
Authors: He Chuantian , Baranchenko Yevhen , Lin Zhibin , Szarucki Marek , Yukhanaev Andrey
Published: May 2020

Following China’s “One Belt One Road” global economic expansion strategy,
Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) along with state-owned, large corporations are
increasingly seeking business opportunities internationally. Little is known about the process of
small firms’ international opportunity creation and discovery in this particular context. This
study examines the role of Chinese SME manager’s global mindset in driving their international
opportunity identification through two key activities in their internationalization process:
international knowledge based and networking activities. Data were collected from a survey of
191 small and medium-sized enterprises in China. The results of structural equation modelling
show that Chinese SME managers’ global mindset has a positive effect on both international
networking and knowledge acquisition activities, which in turn have positive effects on the
development of international opportunities. The findings suggest that SMEs, while going through
the internationalization process, rely extensively on social interaction with foreign business
partners to obtain knowledge of the customers and institutions in the foreign market.
The Isaac Newton Telescope Monitoring Survey of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies. I. Survey Overview and First Results for Andromeda I
Authors: Saremi Elham , Javadi Atefeh , Th. van Loon Jacco , Khosroshahi Habib , Molaeinezhad Alireza , McDonald Iain , Raouf Mojtaba , Danesh Arash , Bamber James R. , Short Philip , Suárez-Andrés Lucia , Clavero Rosa , Gozaliasl Ghassem
Published: May 2020

An optical monitoring survey in nearby dwarf galaxies was carried out with the 2.5 m Isaac Newton Telescope. Fifty-five dwarf galaxies and four isolated globular clusters in the Local Group were observed with the Wide Field Camera. The main aims of this survey are to identify the most evolved asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and red supergiants at the end-point of their evolution based on their pulsational instability, use their distribution over luminosity to reconstruct the star formation history, quantify the dust production and mass loss from modeling the multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs), and relate this to luminosity and radius variations. In this first of a series of papers, we present the methodology of the variability survey and describe the photometric catalog of the Andromeda I (And I) dwarf galaxy as an example of the survey, and we discuss the identified long period variable (LPV) stars. We detected 5581 stars and identified 59 LPV candidates within two half-light radii of the center of And I. The amplitudes of these candidates range from 0.2 to 3 mag in the i-band. Seventy-five percent of detected sources and 98% of LPV candidates are detected at mid-infrared wavelengths. We show evidence for the presence of dust-producing AGB stars in this galaxy including five extreme AGB (x-AGB) stars, and we model some of their SEDs. A distance modulus of 24.41 mag for And I was determined based on the tip of the red giant branch. Also, a half-light radius of 3.′2 ± 0.′3 was calculated.
Hierarchical Bayesian Thermonuclear Rate for the 7Be(n,p)7Li Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Reaction
Authors: de Souza Rafael S. , Kiat Tan Hong , Coc Alain , Iliadis Christian
Published: May 2020

Big Bang nucleosynthesis provides the earliest probe of standard model physics, at a time when the universe was less than 1000 seconds old. It determines the abundances of the lightest nuclides, which give rise to the subsequent history of the visible matter in the universe. This work derives new 7Be(n,p)7Li thermonuclear reaction rates based on all available experimental information. This reaction sensitively impacts the primordial abundances of 7Be and 7Li during big bang nucleosynthesis. We critically evaluate all available data and disregard experimental results that are questionable. For the nuclear model, we adopt an incoherent sum of single-level, two-channel, R-matrix approximation expressions, which are implemented into a hierarchical Bayesian model, to analyze the remaining six data sets we deem most reliable. In the fitting of the data, we consistently model all known sources of uncertainty, including discrepant absolute normalizations of different data sets, and also take the variation of the neutron and proton channel radii into account, hence providing less biased estimates of the 7Be(n,p)7Li thermonuclear rates. From the resulting posteriors, we extract R-matrix parameters (E

r
,

,

) and derive excitation energies and partial and total widths. Our fit is sensitive to the contributions of the first three levels above the neutron threshold. Reaction rates were computed by integrating 10,000 samples of the reduced cross section. Our 7Be(n,p)7Li thermonuclear rates have uncertainties between 1.5% and 2.0% at temperatures of ≤1 GK. We compare our rates to previous results and find that the 7Be(n,p)7Li rates most commonly used in big bang simulations have uncertainties that are too optimistic.
High-velocity Type Ia Supernova Has a Unique Host Environment
Authors: Pan Yen-Chen
Published: May 2020

Ejecta velocity of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is one powerful tool to differentiate between progenitor scenarios and explosion mechanisms. Here we revisit the relation between photospheric Si ii
λ6355 velocities (v
Si ii
) and host-galaxy properties with ∼280 SNe Ia. A more stringent criterion on the phase of SN spectra is adopted to classify SNe Ia in terms of their photospheric velocities. We find a significant trend that SNe Ia with faster Si ii
λ6355 (high-v
Si ii
SNe Ia) tend to explode in massive environments, whereas their slower counterparts can be found in both lower-mass and massive environments. This trend is further supported by the direct measurements on host gas-phase metallicities. We suggest this relation is likely caused by at least two populations of SNe Ia. Since stars of higher metallicity (at a given mass) generally form less massive white dwarfs, our results support some theoretical models that high-v
Si ii
SNe Ia may originate from sub-Chandrasekhar class of explosions. Previous observations also showed some evidence that high-v
Si ii
SNe Ia could be related to the single degenerate systems. However, we find high-v
Si ii
SNe Ia do not come from particularly young populations. We conclude metallicity is likely the dominant factor in forming high-v
Si ii
SNe Ia. This also implies their potential evolution with redshift and impact on the precision of SN Ia cosmology.
Substructure Formation in a Protostellar Disk of L1527 IRS
Authors: Nakatani Riouhei , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Ohashi Satoshi , Zhang Yichen , Hanawa Tomoyuki , Chandler Claire , Oya Yoko , Sakai Nami
Published: May 2020

We analyze multifrequency, high-resolution continuum data obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Jansky Very Lary Array to study the detailed structure of the dust distribution in the infant disk of a Class 0/I source, L1527 IRS. We find three clumps aligning in the north–south direction in the 7 mm radio continuum image. The three clumps remain even after subtracting free–free contamination, which is estimated from the 1.3 cm continuum observations. The northern and southern clumps are located at a distance of ∼15 au from the central clump and are likely optically thick at 7 mm wavelength. The clumps have similar integrated intensities. The symmetric physical properties could be realized when a dust ring, or spiral arms, around the central protostar is projected to the plane of the sky. We demonstrate for the first time that such substructure may form even in the disk-forming stage, where the surrounding materials actively accrete toward a disk-protostar system.
Gendered Understanding of Ebola Crisis in Sierra Leone. Lessons for COVID-19
Authors: Androsik Ana
Published: May 2020

This case study provides evidence in response to the research question: “How did males and females in the bottom of the socio-economic hierarchy i.e. rural poor, respond to the 2014/2015 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone?” This case study focuses on the following research sub-questions:

• Caretaking Responsibilities: What kind of additional burdens were placed on rural men and women who took on the responsibility for orphaned children?

• Income Earnings: How did market closures and restrictions on movements affect income earnings of males and females in the rural area?

Based on the analysis of the Ebola crisis on rural poor men and women income and caretaking responsibilities highlighted in this case study, we can state that most women bore the costs of caretaking responsibilities. However, both women and men of Sierra Leone bore serious socio-economic costs at the level of their productive labor (income in this case study).

The international community is presently dealing with the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on marginalized communities, and the outcomes are still unknown. This brief case study helps to understand the gendered outcomes of previous public health epidemics in the context of social stratification. It is likely that many international humanitarian organizations will eventually aim at building economic and social resilience of impoverished communities with the focus on specific needs of different genders. An evidence from previous public health crises on the economy can help design the most efficient program interventions.
Hearing Loss in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Authors: Yan Flora , Reddy Priyanka D. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Ward Celine , Meyer Ted A.
Published: May 2020

Objective.

To determine the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and to describe frequency-specific hearing threshold changes in this patient population compared to patients without AS.

Methods.

A systematic review querying 4 databases (PubMed, OVID Medline, Scopus, Cochrane) was performed to identify studies evaluating HL in patients with AS. Metaanalysis was performed to identify overall prevalence rate and OR of HL, as well as to compare mean differences in frequency-specific hearing thresholds between patients with and without AS.

Results.

Our metaanalysis included 14 studies and 1083 patients (598 with AS vs 485 without AS). The pooled prevalence of HL in patients with AS was 42.4% (95% CI 29.2–56.2). Patients with AS had a significantly higher OR of HL than patients without AS (OR 4.65, 95% CI 2.73–7.91). Mean differences in pure-tone hearing thresholds ranged from 0–5 decibels (dB) for frequencies of 0.25–4 kHz, and from 5–15 dB for frequencies of 6–16 kHz.

Conclusion.

Patients with AS have higher odds of having HL than patients without AS. The AS population also presents with significantly impaired hearing thresholds across all conventional and extended pure-tone frequencies. This may manifest as slight to moderate HL. Results of this systematic review might justify increased attention to audiologic manifestations of patients with AS.
Human Trafficking of Children
Authors: Nazer Dena , Greenbaum Jordan
Published: May 2020

Human trafficking has been increasingly recognized worldwide as a major public health problem. It is a crime based on exploitation of the most vulnerable and marginalized people of any community and is a violation of human rights. Children, especially immigrant and refugee children, are at risk of victimization and may experience considerable physical and mental health consequences. Adding these problems to pre-existing vulnerabilities and adversities makes human trafficking a complex health issue that needs to be addressed by a multidisciplinary team that includes health care providers. This article aims to provide an overview of human trafficking and the red flags that may alert the pediatrician to the possibility of exploitation, with a special focus on immigrant and refugee children. It describes a trauma-informed, rights-based approach and discusses ways in which pediatricians can contribute to a multidisciplinary response to human trafficking.[Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(5):e209–e214.]
Forensic Medical Evaluation of Children Seeking Asylum: A Guide for Pediatricians
Authors: Gartland Matthew G. , Ijadi-Maghsoodi Roya , Giri Minal , Messmer Sarah , Peeler Katherine , Barkoudah Ashley , Shah Sural
Published: May 2020

Applications for asylum in the United States have increased significantly in the past decade, including those by children fleeing persecution. Pediatricians may serve as a resource for children seeking asylum by participating in specialized training and performing forensic medical evaluations for use in the legal process. A forensic medical evaluation comprises an interview to elicit a narrative of reported abuse, a psychological assessment, and/or a medical assessment. Evaluators document an impression of the consistency of medical and psychological findings with the trauma, which forms the legal basis for a child's asylum claim. This article provides guidance to pediatrician evaluators with an emphasis on an age- and development-specific approach to a forensic medical evaluation of children seeking asylum. Collaboration with primary care pediatricians and community partners about asylum evaluations is important to building support for immigrant children who have experienced trauma.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(5):e215–e221.]
Motivation and Employee Effectiveness in Online Learning Environments: Leadership Strategies of New Generation and Emotional Intellect
Authors: Israfilov Nail , Borisova Oksana , Kartashova Oxana , Davydova Nataliia , Biserova Galia , Gryaznukhin Aleksandr
Published: May 2020

The article aims at analyzing the impact of leadership technologies and emotional intellect within the motivation systems in educational organizations in the EU and CIS countries on employee effectiveness in online learning environments. During research implementation, it has been also identified the direct relationship be-tween these technologies and profitability of these organizations. The research has shown that the issue of effective motivation and incentive system which would ensure a real professional development for the employees of educational organizations and makes the organization a leading one is of rather in-depth conceptual character and needs development of an adequate employee strategy by using more contemporary methods of influencing them. The achieved results are unique and can be used within the study of the issues related to online learning and motivation as of employees of educational organizations, so as employees in overall in their professional activity.
Entre le don et la traduction. Formes de la critique génétique en Argentine
Authors: Goldchluk Graciela , Cabrera Delfina
Published: May 2020

Cet article présente les formes que la critique génétique a prises en Argentine. La réception de ce courant critique aurait été impossible sans la pratique de la traduction, conçue comme un mode de lecture situé dans un contexte dont la sauvegarde du patrimoine scripturaire était la tâche prioritaire. Il était donc nécessaire de construire des outils théoriques et méthodologiques qui permettraient de rendre lisibles les manuscrits disponibles et de découvrir ceux qui avaient été oubliés.
À la recherche de Mohamed Kouaci, artisan de la Révolution par l’image
Authors: Chominot Marie
Published: May 2020

Mohamed Kouaci (1922-1996) est le photographe algérien le plus connu de la période de la guerre d’indépendance (1954-1962). Pourtant, ses archives, conservées par la famille, restent en grande partie inédites. Peu explorées, elles n’ont jamais fait l’objet d’un inventaire raisonné. Elles posent à l’historien qui souhaite les appréhender comme sources des questions de méthodologie complexes. Basé sur le croisement de sources écrites, orales et photographiques, cet article propose une expérience de recherche en terrain algérien, centrée sur un fonds d’archives privé. Il retrace le parcours singulier de ce photographe militant, émigré à Paris en 1946 et que l’on retrouve à Tunis en 1958, devenu responsable du service photographique du ministère de l’Information du Gouvernement Provisoire de la République Algérienne. L’analyse fine de son fonds photographique permet de resituer son activité dans un contexte plus large : il fut l’un des nombreux artisans, la plupart anonymes, de la politique d’information menée par les indépendantistes du Front de libération nationale pendant la guerre, afin de proposer un autre récit et de s’opposer à la vision univoque donnée par la France. La photographie occupa en effet une place centrale dans les stratégies de médiatisation et d’internationalisation de la cause algérienne, qui ont fini par porter leurs fruits.
Pratique artistique et prise en charge de la mémoire : Sofiane Zouggar, artiste et archiviste
Authors: Khene Rym
Published: May 2020

C’est par le prisme commun de l’archive et de l’art que l’artiste algérien Sofiane Zouggar s’attèle aux questions de l’image et de la violence de la période des années 1990. Cet article explore les différents volets du projet toujours en cours, Memory of Violence, en interrogeant le geste archivistique de l’artiste dans sa spécificité mais aussi en le rapprochant du geste du chercheur.
La multiréférentialité des savoirs dans les disciplines technologiques et la question de la référence pour le savoir à enseigner : l’exemple de l’agronomie
Authors: Cancian Nadia , Chrétien Fanny , Prévost Philippe , Simonneaux Laurence , Métral Jean-François , David Marie , Frère Nathalie , Olry Paul
Published: May 2020

Dans les disciplines technologiques, dont les savoirs se situent en interface entre la science, l’ingénierie et les pratiques sociotechniques, l’approche multiréférentielle des savoirs de référence permet une meilleure prise en compte de la complexité des situations professionnelles. À partir de l’exemple de l’agronomie, discipline technologique de l’enseignement agricole, interrogée actuellement par le mouvement de l’agroécologie, cet article montre comment une approche plurididactique (didactique des questions socialement vives, didactique professionnelle et didactique disciplinaire) permet de construire un savoir de référence pour l’enseignement qui s’appuie sur la multiréférentialité des savoirs intégrés dans les situations professionnelles.
Tracing Self-Reactive B Cells in Normal Mice
Authors: Nojima Takuya , Reynolds Alexander E. , Kitamura Daisuke , Kelsoe Garnett , Kuraoka Masayuki
Published: May 2020

BCR transgenic mice dominate studies of B cell tolerance; consequently, tolerance in normal mice expressing diverse sets of autoreactive B cells is poorly characterized. We have used single B cell cultures to trace self-reactivity in BCR repertoires across the first and second tolerance checkpoints and in tolerized B cell compartments of normal mice. This approach reveals affinity “setpoints” that define each checkpoint and a subset of tolerized, autoreactive B cells that is long-lived. In normal mice, the numbers of B cells avidly specific for DNA fall significantly as small pre-B become immature and transitional-1 B cells, revealing the first tolerance checkpoint. By contrast, DNA reactivity does not significantly change when immature and transitional-1 B cells become mature follicular B cells, showing that the second checkpoint does not reduce DNA reactivity. In the spleen, autoreactivity was high in transitional-3 (T3) B cells, CD93+IgM−/loIgDhi anergic B cells, and a CD93− anergic subset. Whereas splenic T3 and CD93+ anergic B cells are short-lived, CD93−IgM−/loIgDhi B cells have half-lives comparable to mature follicular B cells. B cell–specific deletion of proapoptotic genes, Bak and Bax, resulted in increased CD93−IgM−/loIgDhi B cell numbers but not T3 B cell numbers, suggesting that apoptosis regulates differently persistent and ephemeral autoreactive B cells. The self-reactivity and longevity of CD93−IgM−/loIgDhi B cells and their capacity to proliferate and differentiate into plasmacytes in response to CD40 activation in vitro lead us to propose that this persistent, self-reactive compartment may be the origin of systemic autoimmunity and a potential target for vaccines to elicit protective Abs cross-reactive with self-antigens.
Loss of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activity in Regulatory T Cells Leads to Neuronal Inflammation
Authors: Stark Anne-Katrien , Davenport Elizabeth C. M. , Patton Daniel T. , Scudamore Cheryl L. , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Veldhoen Marc , Garden Oliver A. , Okkenhaug Klaus
Published: May 2020

Class I PI3K enzymes are critical for the maintenance of effective immunity. In T cells, PI3Kα and PI3Kδ are activated by the TCR and costimulatory receptors, whereas PI3Kγ is activated by G protein–coupled chemokine receptors. PI3Kδ is a key regulator of regulatory T (Treg) cell function. PI3K isoform-selective inhibitors are in development for the treatment of diseases associated with immune dysregulation, including chronic inflammatory conditions, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Idelalisib (PI3Kδ), alpelisib (PI3Kα), duvelisib (PI3Kδ/γ), and copanlisib (pan-PI3K) have recently been approved for use in cancer treatment. Although effective, these therapies often have severe side effects associated with immune dysregulation and, in particular, loss of Treg cells. Therefore, it is important to gain a better understanding of the relative contribution of different PI3K isoforms under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Experimental autoimmune encephalitis is a mouse model of T cell–driven CNS inflammation, in which Treg cells play a key protective role. In this study, we show that PI3Kδ is required to maintain normal Treg cell development and phenotype under homeostatic conditions but that loss of PI3Kδ alone in Treg cells does not lead to autoimmunity. However, combined loss of PI3Kα and PI3Kδ signaling resulted in increased experimental autoimmune encephalitis disease severity. Moreover, mice lacking PI3Kα and PI3Kδ in Treg cells developed spontaneous peripheral nerve inflammation. These results show a key role for PI3K signaling in Treg cell–mediated protection against CNS inflammation.
Successful Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Using Immunosuppressive Conditioning Regimen for a Patient with Red Blood Cell Transfusion-Dependent Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Shimomura Maiko , Doi Takehiko , Nishimura Shiho , Imanaka Yusuke , Karakawa Shuhei , Okada Satoshi , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Kobayashi Masao
Published: May 2020

Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is the rare glycolytic enzyme defect causing hemolytic anemia. Treatments are mainly red cell transfusion and/or splenectomy, leading to iron overload. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is alternatively curative treatment for severe PKD. The intensity of conditioning is often controversial because of higher risk of graft failure and organ damage. Here, we present a transfusion-dependent PKD patient undergoing BMT from an HLA-identical sibling using intensively immunosuppressive conditioning regimen. This report suggests that BMT using immunosuppressive conditioning regimen may be a feasible and effective treatment for patients with severe PKD with iron overload. We suggest the timing of the transplantation at an earlier age in severe PKD predicted from gene mutation is preferred before cumulative damage of transfusion.
Regionalization of maximum, minimum and mean streamflows for the Juruena River basin, Brazil
Authors: Matos Talisson Sáteles , Uliana Eduardo Morgan , Martins Camila Aparecida da Silva , Rapalo Luis Miguel Castillo
Published: May 2020

This study aimed to regionalize maximum (Qmax), minimum (Q95), and long-term mean (Qltm) streamflows in the Juruena River Basin to further water-resource planning and management, especially regarding water-use grant rights, streamflow regulation, and hydraulic designs. To do that, a traditional method was used, which relates the interest streamflows with sub-basin physiographic parameters by linear and nonlinear regressions. In summary, the traditional method was efficient for regionalization of Q95, Qltm, and Qmax streamflows for the Juruena River Basin. Moreover, the explanatory variables able to provide the best results for regionalization of Q95 and Qltm stream flows are drainage area, total watercourse length, and sub-basin mean altitude. For Qmax regionalization, the best results were provided by explanatory variables like drainage area, perimeter, and total watercourse length.
Streamflow regionalization for the Mortes River Basin upstream from the Funil Hydropower Plant, MG
Authors: Amorim Jhones Da Silva , Junqueira Rubens , Mantovani Vanessa Alves , Viola Marcelo Ribeiro , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Bento Nicole Lopes
Published: May 2020

Maximum and minimum streamflow are fundamental for water resource management, especially for water rights. However, lack of monitoring and scarce streamflow data limit such studies. Streamflow regionalization is a useful tool to overcome these limitations. The study developed models for regionalization of the maximum and minimum reference streamflows for the Mortes River Basin (MRB) (Water Resources Planning and Management Unit - GD2), Southern Minas Gerais State. The study used long-term streamflow historical series provided by the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA). Previous exploratory analysis was performed, and it was observed that the streamflow series are stationary according to the Mann-Kendall test. The estimation of the streamflow for different return periods (RP) was performed by fitting Probability Density Functions (PDFs) that were tested by the Anderson-Darling (AD) test. The Generalized Extreme Values (GEV) and Wakeby were the most appropriate PDFs for maximum and minimum streamflows, respectively. The streamflow models were fitted using a power regression procedure, considering the drainage area of the watersheds as inputs. The fittings reached the coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.90. Thus, the streamflow regionalization models demonstrated good performance and are a potential tool to be used for water resource management in the studied basin.
Le trouble développemental du langage (TDL) : mise à jour interdisciplinaire
Authors: Breault Chantale , Béliveau Marie-Julie , Labelle Fannie , Valade Florence , Trudeau Natacha
Published: May 2020

Bien que le trouble développemental du langage (TDL) soit fréquent (7,58 %; Norbury et al., 2016) et ait des impacts perdurant jusqu'à l’âge adulte (Feeney, Desha, Khan, Ziviani, & Nicholson, 2016), il est beaucoup moins connu que d’autres problématiques telles que le trouble du déficit de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) ou le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA). L’inconstance des définitions selon les domaines (p. ex., médecine, éducation, psychologie, orthophonie) pourrait partiellement expliquer cette méconnaissance (Bishop, 2017). Depuis peu, une terminologie et une démarche menant au diagnostic de TDL font l’objet d’un consensus international multidisciplinaire, et ce, grâce au projet CATALISE (Bishop, Snowling, Thompson, Greenhalgh, & CATALISE-consortium, 2016, 2017). Le but de cet article est de présenter une mise à jour des enjeux et des connaissances actuelles liés au TDL en s’intéressant aux changements d’appellation et de critères initiés par le projet CATALISE. Pour les professionnels et chercheurs œuvrant dans le domaine, il s’agit d’une occasion de réfléchir aux besoins des personnes vivant avec un TDL.
Comparison of Simulation-Based and Textbook-Based Instructions on Middle School Students’ Achievement, Inquiry Skills and Attitudes
Authors: Cayvaz Aysegul , Akcay Hakan , Kapici Hasan Ozgur
Published: May 2020

Simulations, which is a type of educational technology has started to be used widely in classes. Contradictive results show that there is no certain conclusion about the effects of them on students’ domain knowledge, inquiry skills and attitudes towards science. The goal of the study is to compare the impacts of simulation-based and textbook-based instructions on the middle school students’ science achievement, inquiry skills and attitudes towards science. The study was done with 188 middle school students and three science teachers. Whereas 98 of them enrolled in the classes where simulation-based instruction was used, 90 of the participants were from the classes in which textbook-based instruction followed. A quasi-experimental research design was used in the study. The data was gathered by the achievement test, the inquiry skills, and the attitude scale. The findings revealed that simulation-based instruction is significantly efficient in enhancing middle school students’ science achievement and inquiry skills. Yet, it was also reached that both of the instructions have no significant impact on students’ attitudes towards science. Possible reasons behind the results were also discussed.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Mathematics Attitudes
Authors: Olivares Vidal , Ceglie Robert J
Published: May 2020

Cold sweats, head shakes, and memories of hardship are the common reactions when adults are introduced to a high school mathematics teacher. These negative reactions contribute to an attitude towards mathematics that continues to permeate American society. Unfortunately, there is a growing concern that these negative attitudes may be passed from adults to susceptible youth resulting in a never-ending cycle of dislike towards mathematics. The current study aimed to investigate the ways in which students internalize the mathematics attitudes of their parents in light of mathematics capital theory. Instruments measuring self-efficacy beliefs in mathematics, as well as value placed on learning content were administered to all juniors, seniors, and their parents in a suburban school district. The survey data was analyzed to identify candidates for interviews. Interviews of eight parents and their children were conducted to explore the sources of the students’ self-efficacy beliefs. Findings revealed that the relationship between a parent and child’s belief systems is complex and varies according to the parent’s level of mathematics beliefs.
Where’s the Science? Exploring a New Science Teacher Educator’s Theoretical and Practical Understandings of Scientific Inquiry
Authors: Donohue Kerri , Buck Gayle A. , Akerson Valarie
Published: May 2020

The purpose for this self-study was to explore the theoretical and practical understandings of scientific inquiry inherent in our elementary teacher preparation program, specifically those of new instructors. Although scientific inquiry and inquiry-based learning are emphasized in our program, several new instructors, doctoral students hired to teach undergraduate courses, expressed some discomfort with the lesser amount of traditional science content that could be found in the course syllabi. To support their development and our own understandings of how to guide them as they begin teaching in higher education, it was important that we understood the transition in regard to teaching scientific inquiry and using inquiry-based pedagogy. Thus, we conducted this collaborative self-study on how a new instructor, experiencing such discomfort, was experiencing a transition in which her epistemology of science was being challenged. The implications of the findings, which derived from critical friend meetings, journal entries, and student artifacts from the scientific inquiry course she taught, serve to inform the field of science education in terms of new science teacher educators moving from a traditional teacher-centered science classroom into a student-centered classroom.
Mathematics Student Teachers’ Views and Choices about Teaching and Textbooks in Middle and High School Classrooms
Authors: Gay A. Susan , Barry Arlene , Rothrock Katrina S. , Pelkey Lisa
Published: May 2020

A survey of 80 United States middle and high school mathematics student teachers gathered data on availability and use of textbooks and traditional and technology-supported instructional strategies.  Findings about textbooks include (1) most classrooms had one or more textbook formats (print, digital or e-textbook) available but did not necessarily expect students to use the textbook; (2) some differences were noted when comparisons were made based on school location, size, and grade level; and (3) student teachers preferred the digital textbook format but there was also support for the print format.  Analysis of student teachers’ self-reported use of instructional strategies, including a principal component analysis, revealed use of traditional teaching strategies and student-centered teaching.  Student teachers’ views about how best to teach mathematics centered on themes of active learning and ways to meet students’ needs.
Oral Corrective Feedback Preferences of University Students in English Communication Classes
Authors: Unsal Sakiroglu Hulya
Published: May 2020

The ultimate goal of teaching foreign language is to achieve an elevated level of language competence via providing maximum language exposure and minimum learner mistakes. To fulfill the goal, many strategies have been developed. One of the strategies is the provision of feedback during the formal speaking courses. Nevertheless, format of the oral corrective feedback in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes has been controversial regarding methods of correction, timing of correction and target errors. Moreover, learner attitudes toward correction are deemed to be an important component. In this study, the aim was to investigate how and when the error correction should take place in EFL communicative classes based on students’ perspectives. A total of 65 students at Kafkas University who were pre-intermediate and intermediate levels were interviewed using a self-report questionnaire, 14 of which were discarded due to irrelevant and redundant replies. The results revealed that 90% of the learners would like to be corrected when they had errors during the process of speaking English. Majority of the students indicated the preference to be corrected after finishing turn with nice and friendly manners. The results indicated that teachers should be aware of student attitudes toward oral corrective feedback.
Apresentação
Authors: Martins Júnior Carlos
Published: May 2020

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O lugar dos indígenas no ensino de história
Authors: Nascimento Elisangela Castedo Maria do
Published: May 2020

Os objetivos dessa pesquisa foram: a) refletir o lugar do indígena na história do Brasil que ainda ensina o “descobrimento” e não invasão, como mostram os fatos; b) discutir como a educação escolar foi usada, para conquistar os indígenas por meio da imposição de outra língua, outros costumes, outra cultura e as perdas que houve nesse processo. Justifica-se a pesquisa baseada nos autores que defendem outra visão sobre “descobrimento”, visto que já existiam pessoas habitando esta terra. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, com utilização da revisão de literatura. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho baseamo-nos nos seguintes referenciais teóricos: Cunha (1995); Freire (2004); Gomes e Rocha (2016), entre outros que discutem a conquista por meio da educação escolar e as perdas decorridas nesse processo.
A cidade de ponta a cabeça
Authors: Silva Edson
Published: May 2020

O artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as ações de normatização do cotidiano e as práticas da população de Jacobina entre os anos de 1955 e 1959, recorte em que a cidade passou por um processo de modernização e reconfiguração da paisagem urbana. A partir do cruzamento de fontes como textos jornalísticos e documentos administrativos municipais procuramos analisar o pulsar cotidiano das ruas e instituições, atuação dos dispositivos de poder na cidade e as práticas cotidianas, que produziam outro cenário urbano, ao avesso da ordem.
Community Dermatology: Necessity or Hype?
Authors: Shrestha Rushma , Parajuli Niraj , Karki Anupama
Published: May 2020

Skin diseases are common all over the world with high prevalence in developing countries with significant socioeconomic and behavioral impact. In Nepal, it is the fourth leading cause of nonfatal diseases. A community clinic is a term used for a specialist clinic provided in a Primary Care setting. The aim of these clinics in Nepal is to improve access to basic health services including family planning, child health, and safe motherhood. But there are no policies for dermatological diseases in rural communities. As skin diseases do not usually cause mortality, it is often ignored. But the morbidity is often high and the impact on the quality of life is also high. Conducting regular skin camps at inaccessible parts of the country is a good way to provide service to the people of the community.
Treatment of Chalazian: a Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhattarai Binita , Shrestha Koshal , Patel Sushila , Manandhar Laxmi Devi , Karki Rosy , Gurung Nanda
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Chalazion is a common eyelid margin disorder manifesting as granulomatous inflammation associated with meibomian gland lipids. There are three methods of treating chalazian: IntralesionalTriamcinolone Acetonide (0.1-0.3 ml of 40mg/ml), Incision and Curettage and Conservative Treatment (hot compression +lid hygiene + antibiotic ointment).Methods: Patients with chalazian presenting to the Outpatient Department (OPD) of the Lumbini Eye Institute and Research Center (LEIRC) from 15 March 2017 to 15 July 2017 were included in the study. They underwentany of the three procedures (Conservative Treatment or Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection or Incision and Curettage) according to their choice. We compared all three methods of treatment of chalazion on follow upvisit at 2 weeks, which was done to determine effectiveness in terms of reduction of size or complete resolution of the chalazia.Results: Out of 112 patients enrolled in study 65(58%) were females and 47(42%) were male with a male: female ratio of (0.7:1). The mean age of involvement was 25.7years (SD 10.3). At 2 weeks follow up there wascomplete resolution in incision and curettage (I and C) group 77 % (41/53) and in Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) injection group 63 %( 20/32). Pearson’s correlations showed that I and C were superior to any other forms of intervention for any size of chalazian followed by intralesional injection of TA.Conclusion: Incision and Curettage remained the best choice for the treatment of chalazion followed by triamcinolone acetonide injection but may need multiple injections.
Knowledge and Attitude on Abortion among women of Reproductive age group attending Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Laxmi , Karmacharya Isha , Karki Netra Bahadur , Shrestha Sandhya
Published: May 2020

Background: Abortion was legalized in Nepal in September 2002 by the amendment to the “Muluki Ain”. Legal, moral and ethical issues surrounding abortion make research on all aspects of abortion difficult to undertake. The objective of this study is to assess knowledge and attitude regarding abortion among women of reproductive age group (15-45 years). Methods: This study was a descriptive and conducted in Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH), Pokhara, Nepal. The tools were demographic proforma, knowledge questionnaire, and attitude scale on abortion. Data was collected by asking questions regarding abortion. The total sample was 100 and the sampling technique was purposive. The data were analyzed using Excel 2007, SPSS for Windows Version 16.0 Results: The majority (83%) of the participant were of age group 15-30years, most (70%) of them were married, most (82%) of them were Hindu. The majority of the participants (95%) had heard regarding Abortion. About half (55%) got information from mass media. Most (58%) of the women are having average knowledge regarding Abortion, and the remaining 4% is having poor knowledge. The majority (90%) of the women have a good attitude and no one is having an unfavorable attitude. There is a significant association between knowledge and level of education. There is a positive correlation between knowledge and attitude. Conclusion: Though the majority of the women had a good attitude regarding abortion, still few women i.e. 4% attending MTH don’t have good knowledge.