bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When the alienability contrast fails to surface in adnominal possession: bound nouns in Harakmbut
Authors: Van linden An
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the nature and behavior of independent, bound and deverbal nouns at various levels of linguistic organization in Harakmbut (isolate, Peru), and assesses the explanatory potential of the alienability contrast for the data observed. While the distinction between bound and independent nouns is to a great extent motivated by the conceptual distinction between inalienably and alienably possessed items, the behavior of bound and independent nouns in adnominal possession is not. Whereas independent (and deverbal) nouns use a genitive-marked two-word construction, bound nouns can use the same one, when keeping their noun prefix, or they can use a genitive-marked one-word construction, in which they drop their prefix. It is thus argued that there is no alienability split in adnominal possession, that is, there is no coding split according to which bound nouns behave fully differently from independent nouns. This is supported by the finding that bound nouns (unlike independent and deverbal ones) also show the same choice between a two-word and a one-word coding strategy in non-possessive adnominal modification. In noun-noun compounding, the data merely reveal different preferences of bound and independent nouns for the N1 versus N2 position; here deverbal nouns behave identically to bound nouns in dropping their prefix in N2. In noun incorporation, finally, the relevance of the alienability contrast is similar to that for the two-way noun class system. Inalienable semantics (and morphological boundness) could be argued to determine the incorporability of nouns, but there are also exceptions.
From Star Trek to The Hunger Games: emblem gestures in science fiction and their uptake in popular culture
Authors: Freestone Peta M. , Kruk Jessica , Gawne Lauren
Published: November 2023

Research on emblems to date has not drawn on corpus methods that use public data. In this paper, we use corpus methods to explore the use of original fictional gestures in the real world. We look at two examples from popular science fiction, the Vulcan salute from Star Trek and the three-finger salute from The Hunger Games. First, a Twitter corpus of the Vulcan salute emoji shows that it is used to represent Star Trek fandom and wider nerd culture, alongside its use as a greeting. Second, a global news corpus shows the three-finger salute has come to be used as a pro-democracy protest gesture across political and cultural boundaries in South East Asia. These corpus studies show different trajectories for the two gestures, with the three-finger salute escaping the confines of its fictional world, while the Vulcan salute has come to stand in as a reference to the media it originated from. We conclude with a reflection on the opportunities, challenges, and limitations of bringing corpus methods to gesture studies.
Rote Rosen, rote Lippen, roter Wein revisited
Authors: Forell Marina
Published: November 2023

The relationship between Germany and Italy is a special one, as Italy was already a place of longing in Goetheʼs time and became so even more in the 1950s post-war period, with the first travel abroad, interest in the new guest workers and the general desire for everything non-German. Italy thus became a very important place of the imagination in the Schlager-songs of West Germany: in addition to specifically German and Alpine themes, Italian subjects in particular can be found at this time and in this genre. The foundation for these attitudes, as this essay will show, lie in the approaches to Italy developed in the 19th century, based in part on escapism and exoticism. Even today, alongside pop and rock artists whose production functions differently, one German-Italian showmaster in particular still plays heavily with clichés but also with irony, as this essay will demonstrate. Through his staging, he implies that these patterns and paradigms are not yet completely obsolete.
Strukturbrüche
Authors: Döpking Lars
Published: November 2023

Since the end of the 1980s, Italian capitalism has been struggling. Low growth rates, increasing inequalities and relative impoverishment are compromising the pursuit of happiness and fuelling political discontent. Against this background of crumbling economic and social structures, the article explores historical and sociological perspectives on Italian capitalism’s contemporary dynamics. To this end, it first summarises some central lines of development and then maps existing explanatory approaches onto them. Third, it discusses what a historical contribution to these debates might look like. Finally, it recalls the promise of the Italian case within theoretical debates centred on the political economy of modernity.
Cloning andin silicoinvestigation of a putative voltage-gated calcium channel gene and protein inAstacus leptodactylus
Authors: Saglam Berk , Ergin Bora , Beyatli Nazlı Coskun , Arslan Kaan , Bastug Turgut , Purali Nuhan
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Voltage-gated calcium channels are essential elements in development of many cellular processes like electrical signaling, contraction secretion and gene expression. There has been a fair amount of information about the functional and structural properties of the calcium channels in mammalian species. Crayfish serves as a model animal for many types of experiments. However, there has been no information related to the molecular and genetic properties of the calcium channels in the crayfish.

Methods

Conventional cloning methods, three-dimensional structural calculations, docking experiments have been conducted.

Results

An mRNA 7,791 bp in size has been cloned. The coding region has been translated into an alpha peptide with 1,942 residues. The cloned protein sequence has similarity to other L-type voltage-gated calcium channel sequences from the neighboring species. Three-dimensional structure, in reference to human L-type voltage-gated calcium channel, has been calculated. Known calcium channel blockers, nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem have been successfully docked on the calculated three-dimensional model.

Conclusions

Considering the similarity assay in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) platform, the three-dimensional structural calculations and the docking experiments it was concluded that the cloned mRNA codes an alpha peptide for a putative voltage-gated calcium channel protein in the crayfish. In the present work by using the conventional molecular biology methods a complete mRNA coding a putative calcium channel has beende novocloned. Three-dimensional structure of the related protein has been calculated and several pharmacological agents blocking the channel have been docked to the identified receptor sites.
Types and Contributors to Occupational Fatigue
Authors: Marvin Graham , Schram Ben , Orr Robin , Canetti Elisa F. D.
Published: November 2023

Although fatigue is commonly experienced in many highly demanding occupations (e.g., military, first responders, etc.), it is poorly defined. Fatigue can strongly affect occupational performance by negatively influencing the ability to interact with the world by altering the capacity to think, move, feel, see, and speak. The first step in fatigue risk management strategies is to establish a context. The context of this narrative review is to specifically describe and discuss the 6 overarching types of occupational fatigue: cognitive, physical, burnout, emotional, visual, and vocal fatigue, and how each affects varying occupations. Furthermore, fatigue type can be influenced by several intrinsic factors, such as sleep deprivation, circadian alignment, ultradian process, sleep homeostasis, and health factors. Similarly, extrinsic factors influence fatigue, such as workload, shift work, and environmental issues. Understanding the types and contributors to occupational fatigue may help clarify the context of occupational fatigue and serve to guide future occupational fatigue management.
Neural Systems Underlying the Implementation of Working Memory Removal Operations
Authors: DeRosa Jacob , Kim Hyojeong , Lewis-Peacock Jarrod , Banich Marie T.
Published: November 2023

Recently, multi-voxel pattern analysis has verified that information can be removed from working memory (WM) via three distinct operations
replacement
,
suppression
, or
clearing
compared to information being
maintained
( Kim et al., 2020)
.
While univariate analyses and classifier importance maps in Kim et al. (2020) identified brain regions that contribute to these operations, they did not elucidate whether these regions represent the operations similarly or uniquely. Using Leiden-community-detection on a sample of 55 humans (17 male), we identified four brain networks, each of which has a unique configuration of multi-voxel activity patterns by which it represents these WM operations. The visual network (VN) shows similar multi-voxel patterns for
maintain
and
replace
, which are highly dissimilar from
suppress
and
clear
, suggesting this network differentiates whether an item is held in WM or not. The somatomotor network (SMN) shows a distinct multi-voxel pattern for
clear
relative to the other operations, indicating the uniqueness of this operation. The default mode network (DMN) has distinct patterns for
suppress
and
clear
, but these two operations are more similar to each other than to
maintain
and
replace
, a pattern intermediate to that of the VN and SMN. The frontoparietal control network (FPCN) displays distinct multi-voxel patterns for each of the four operations, suggesting that this network likely plays an important role in implementing these WM operations. These results indicate that the operations involved in removing information from WM can be performed in parallel by distinct brain networks, each of which has a particular configuration by which they represent these operations.
What is Learned Determines How Pavlovian Conditioned Fear is Consolidated in the Brain
Authors: Leake Jessica , Leidl Dana M. , Lay Belinda P. P. , Fam Justine P. , Giles Madeleine C. , Qureshi Omar A. , Westbrook R. Frederick , Holmes Nathan M.
Published: November 2023

Activity in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA) is needed to encode fears acquired through contact with both innate sources of danger (i.e., things that are painful) and learned sources of danger (e.g., being threatened with a gun). However, within the BLA, the molecular processes required to consolidate the two types of fear are not the same: protein synthesis is needed to consolidate the first type of fear (so-called first-order fear) but not the latter (so-called second-order fear). The present study examined why first- and second-order fears differ in this respect. Specifically, it used a range of conditioning protocols in male and female rats, and assessed the effects of a BLA infusion of the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, on first- and second-order conditioned fear. The results revealed that the differential protein synthesis requirements for consolidation of first- and second-order fears reflect differences in what is learned in each case. Protein synthesis in the BLA is needed to consolidate fears that result from encoding of relations between stimuli in the environment (stimulus–stimulus associations, typical for first-order fear) but is not needed to consolidate fears that form when environmental stimuli associate directly with fear responses emitted by the animal (stimulus–response associations, typical for second-order fear). Thus, the substrates of Pavlovian fear conditioning in the BLA depend on the way that the environment impinges upon the animal. This is discussed with respect to theories of amygdala function in Pavlovian fear conditioning, and ways in which stimulus–response associations might be consolidated in the brain.
Assortative mating in Gastropoda: A meta-analysis
Authors: Kramarenko S. S. , Kramarenko A. S.
Published: November 2023

The term ‘assortative mating’ denotes situations when the choice of a mating partner is nonrandom and the phenotypes across mate pairs are correlated, either positively or negatively. Assortative mating has been registered as a particular type of behaviour in many taxa of animals, including various vertebrate and invertebrate species. The aim of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis of published data concerning assortative mating in various taxa of Gastropoda. In total, we found 36 published peer-reviewed papers that consider the size-assortative mating in Gastropoda. 32 species belonging to different taxonomic groups of this class were studied, which provided 58 cases for further analysis. The range of estimates of the strength of assortment between individuals for species included into our meta-analysis (46 cases) is very wide: from –0.155 (Brephulopsis cylindrica) to +0.966 (Veronicella sloanii). Integrally, for the studied species of Gastropoda, the average weighted estimate of the strength of assortment between the sizes of copulating individuals was 0.381 ± 0.014. It revealed that virtually all the points representing individual studies form a funnel-shaped dispersion on a scatterplot that lies along the line representing the estimate of the generalized mean rgen = 0.343 and uniformly fill the funnel-shaped space between the lines of 95% confidence interval of the correlation coefficient for a given sample size adjusted for the overall mean. The distribution of the estimates of the correlation coefficient between copulating individuals among the various gastropod species has a shape close to the normal distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov's d = 0.061; P > 0.20). Moreover, most estimates are concentrated within a range from 0.2 to 0.6. We found that the probability of obtaining reliable estimates of the correlation coefficient between the sizes of copulating individuals is dependent upon the number of pairs used in the analysis (binary logistic regression: χ2 = 8.92; df = 1; P = 0.0028). It can be argued that the existence of the negative size-assortative mating in Gastropoda has not yet been proved. On the other hand, if only statistically significant cases of size-assortative mating are considered (37 cases out of 58, or 63.7%), the average weighted estimate of the strength of assortment between sizes of copulating mollusks is 0.439 ± 0.015 (95% confidence interval: 0.409–0.468). If we consider the mating system and the environment simultaneously, the positive size-assortativity is most pronounced among the gonochoristic snails living in the aquatic environment (0.448 ± 0.021) while among the aquatic hermaphroditic species it is the weakest (0.315 ± 0.028). Terrestrial hermaphrodites (land snails and slugs) take the middle position. The numerous examples of the assortative mating with respect to different morphological traits, either quantitative or qualitative, have been described in various species of aquatic and land snails.
The effect on the organism of rats of adding Helichrysum arenarium inflorescences to a hypercaloric diet, high in sugar and fat
Authors: Lieshchova M. A. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: November 2023

Obesity increases the risk of developing various pathological conditions such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. For mild correction and even treatment of obesity, drugs based on medicinal plants are increasingly being used. This work aims to determine the overall effect of Helichrysum arenarium inflorescences on physiological activity and metabolic processes in model animals fed a diet rich in fat and carbohydrates. In a 27-day experiment on 18 laboratory rats fed a diet with high-fat content and 20% fructose solution, we determined the effect of 0.4% and 4.0% dry inflorescences of H. arenarium from the feed mass on the animals' physiological activity and metabolic processes. The body weight of rats in the control group reached 121.7% of the initial body weight; when consuming 0.4% and 4.0% H. arenarium in the diet, this indicator was lower – 109.6% and 111.2%, respectively. Dry inflorescences of H. arenarium in the rats’ diet at a dose of 0.4% caused a decrease in the relative mass of the heart and thymus and an increase in the relative mass of the caecum and colon. A diet with the addition of H. arenarium caused a change in blood biochemical parameters: an increase in the urea concentration and urea nitrogen, and a decrease in the glucose concentration and protein coefficient. Helichrysum arenarium at both concentrations significantly increased the gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity with a decrease in alpha-amylase activity in the blood. A 0.4% dose of inflorescences of the food mass caused a decrease in AST activity, and 200 g sharply increased blood ALT activity. The consumption of dried H. arenarium inflorescences decreased hematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte and platelet counts, and increased the percentage of eosinophils and monocytes. A decrease in physical activity and an intensification of emotional state were found in the animals after eating dry inflorescences of H. arenarium, regardless of the dose compared with the control group of animals. Significant changes in the orientation activity of the animals were not observed. The obtained results show that adding dry H. arenarium inflorescences as a food supplement to a high-calorie diet is safe, does not cause pathological changes and side effects, and significantly affects metabolic processes. This provides theoretical support for the use of dried H. arenarium inflorescences for the production of nutraceutical and pharmacological products for the correction of metabolic disorders in humans and animals. The doses and duration of their use require further research.
Elm (Ulmus) leaf miners in North-East Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhussip M. , Akhmetov K. , Burkitbaeva U.
Published: November 2023

Leaf miners are increasingly causing damage to plants, often causing their death. There are about 10 thousand species of leaf miners in the world. The purpose of this study is to establish the location, species diversity, as well as the degree of damage caused by leaf miners to the leaves of Ulmus L. genus trees in the Pavlodar Region. In the course of the study, a visual inspection of the affected areas was used, as well as the selection, drying of damaged foliage and, subsequently, the removal of larvae and adult insects from it, followed by their study. During the vegetation seasons in 2019–2022, in Pavlodar, Ekibastuz and Aksu cities, as well as in Zhelezinka and Koktobe villages, elm leaves were studied for the presence of leaf miners, a visual inspection of the damage locations was conducted, and samples were taken, which later became the material for growing and detailed study of insects at different development stages. The article considers phyllophagous insects mining elm leaves in the North-East of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar Region) in 2019–2022. In the course of the conducted studies on the territory of the Pavlodar Region, 8 species belonging to 5 genera were identified: Stigmella Schrank, 1802, Orchestes Illiger, 1798, Fenusa Leach, 1817, Bucculatrix Zeller, 1839 and Phyllonorycter Hubner, 1822. Leaf miners that belong to the Agromyza genus of the Agromyzidae family were also identified. All representatives are obligate leaf miners, developing at the larval stage in the mesophyll of elm leaves. Most of the leaf-mining insects are represented by Agromyza and Stigmella species. They are among the most dangerous for the biocoenosis of the Pavlodar Region. Moreover, Agromyza insects have high plasticity and may become a problem in other regions. The obtained data will help to contribute to further studies in this direction, and also show the development degree of an understudied problem: the influence of leaf miners on the nature of Kazakhstan.
Assessment of anthropometric and physical profi le of selected school-age children in rural and urban setting in South-West Nigeria (NigeriaLINX pilot)
Authors: Otinwa Grace , Gbenga Jaiyesimi Boluwaji , Bamitale Toba , Owolabi Habeeb , Ajibola Gbenga , Ogunsemore MacPherson , Owolewa Musiliu
Published: November 2023

Objective: the objective of this study was to examine the anthropometric and physical profile of selected school-age children in rural and urban setting.Methods: the descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted for the study while multistage sampling techniques, which included simple random and systematicsampling techniques, were used to draw samples from the target population. The sample constitute healthy children who voluntarily participated in the study after consent for participation was given by individual parent. Anthropometric measurements for the study included height, weight, sitting height and BMI while the physical fitness tests for the study included sit and reach, handgrip strength, speed bounce, standing broad jump, 10m x 5 shuttles run and multistage fitness test. Z score, STEN score and independent T-Test were used for data analysis.Results: a total of 222 healthy children with average age of 10 years (male=112, female=109) participated in the study. The results showed that the urban children were taller (Urban=141.3±9.2m; Rural=134±21.3m), heavier (Urban=37.6±10.4kg; Rural=28.2±6.2kg), had more leg power (Urban=105.7±25.5; Rural=49.4±41.0) and arm strength (Urban=15.7±4.1; Rural=13.4±5.2) than rural children. However, the rural children had higher sit and reach score (Rural=25.3±5.8; Urban=22.8±6.0) and completed more laps in multistage fi tness test (Rural=35.5±25.5; Urban=12±5.7). The statistical analysis showed that all the variables were signifi cantly differenturban and rural children (P<0.05).Conclusion: the current study shows that the children in the urban and rural settings diff ered in the selected anthropometric and physical variables. Therefore, the physical education program and infrastructural facilities for physical activity and sport participation for school age children should be designed based on the socioeconomic status, social amenities and level of development of thehost community.
Fatores prognósticos em pacientes com câncer colorretal
Authors: Vilvert Aline , Glus Scharnoski Fernanda , Elisa Joanico Isabella , De Mattos Gazaniga Letícia , Rocha Lopes Melissa , Sokolowski Rafael , Saavedra Tomasich Flávio Daniel , Zenedin Targa Giovanni , Basso Preti Vinícius , Antunes de Andrade Fabiana
Published: November 2023

Objetivos: avaliar o impacto de variáveis clínicas e tumorais sobre a sobrevida global e a sobrevida livre da doença em pacientes com câncer colorretal atendidos em um hospital especializado em oncologia, em Curitiba, Paraná. Métodos: estudo de coorte retrospectivo com análise do registro hospitalar de câncer e de prontuários de pacientes com câncer colorretal tratados entre 2015 e 2016, com acompanhamento até janeiro de 2022. A curva de Kaplan-Meier e o modelo de Cox, com apresentação do Razão de Risco e Intervalo de Confiança de 95%, foram empregados nas análises. Resultados: foram incluídos no estudo 235 pacientes, sendo o sexo masculino (53,6%), a idade ao diagnóstico maior ou igual a 50 anos (86,8%) e o tumor de cólon (53,2%) os mais prevalentes. O risco de morte e de recorrência foram maiores em pacientes com estadiamento IV (Razão de Risco = 2,04; Intervalo de Confiança = 1,24-3,38 e Razão de Risco = 3,98; Intervalo de Confiança = 1,15-13,79), tumor no cólon (Razão de Risco = 2,77; Intervalo de Confiança = 1,57-3,85 e Razão de Risco = 2,25; Intervalo de Confiança = 1,40-3,60) e metástase nos linfonodos regionais (Razão de Risco = 2,26; Intervalo de Confiança = 1,27-4,03 e Razão de Risco =2,15; Intervalo de Confiança =1,24-3,73). O risco de óbito foi elevado em idosos com Índice de Massa Corporal de baixo peso (Razão de Risco = 3,5; Intervalo de Confiança = 0,9-75). Conclusões: no momento do diagnóstico, fatores tumorais como estadiamento avançado, tumor no reto e a presença de metástase são importantes preditores de mortalidade e recidiva do câncer colorretal, além disso, indicam o Índice de Massa Corporal como potencial variável de pior prognóstico na população idosa com câncer colorretal.
In operando neutron imaging characterizations of all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Cao Daxian , Zhang Yuxuan , Ji Tongtai , Zhu Hongli
Published: November 2023

The surge in electric vehicle demand has propagated the extensive application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in recent years. Gaining significant traction due to their promising high-energy density and elevated safety over traditional LIBs, all-solid-state Li batteries (ASLBs) have nonetheless been faced with hurdles relating to battery performance. These include concerns with interfacial compatibility, structural stability, Li dendrite inhibition, and large-scale manufacturing. To tackle these issues, it is necessary to employ advanced characterization methods to comprehend the intrinsic mechanisms within ASLBs. In this article, we advocate for the use of neutron imaging as a nondestructive approach for the operando visualization of ASLBs. We draw comparisons with other operando visualization strategies, underline the benefits of neutron imaging, and discuss its potential applicability in the scrutiny of all-solid-state Li metal batteries and all-solid-state Li-sulfur batteries. Neutron imaging provides valuable insights into the dynamics of Li concentration, reaction mechanisms, and transport constraints in ASLBs. These insights are pivotal in contributing to the evolution of high-performance all-solid-state batteries.

Graphical abstract

This article discusses the application of neutron imaging for operando characterization of all-solid-state batteries. It compares neutron imaging to other techniques and highlights its advantages in visualizing light elements such as lithium. It also covers recent progress in using neutron imaging to investigate reaction mechanisms, lithium dynamics, and failure modes in all-solid-state lithium metal and lithium sulfur batteries. It also analyzes the future outlook for neutron imaging as a powerful nondestructive tool to gain insights into interfacial phenomena in all-solid-state batteries.
Auraptene alleviates inflammatory injury and cell apoptosis in children with pneumonia in vitro
Authors: Wang Yuebin , Yuan Shuzhen , Tan Wei , Zhou Yuanyu , Liao Ruiyun , Su Wei
Published: November 2023

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of auraptene on inflammation and apoptosis of pneumonia cell model and uncover the mechanism.
Methods: WI-38 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct a pneumonia model. Cell counting kit-8 assay, enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were conducted to confirm the effects of auraptene on the viability and inflammation of WI-38 cells. Flow cytometry (FCM) and immunoblot assays were conducted to detect the effects of auraptene on the apoptosis of WI-38 cells. Immunoblot assay was performed to confirm the mechanism.
Results: We found that auraptene stimulated cell viability in WI-38 cells upon LPS treatment. Auraptene also inhibited cellular inflammation. Furthermore, auraptene inhibited cell apoptosis of WI-38 cells upon LPS treatment. Mechanically, auraptene inhibited the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway, thereby suppressing the pneumonia.
Conclusion: Auraptene alleviates inflammatory injury and cell apoptosis in pneumonia, thus has the potential to act as a pneumonia drug.
Repurposing AZD5438 and Dabrafenib for Cisplatin-Induced AKI
Authors: Pushpan Chithra K. , Kresock Daniel F. , Ingersoll Matthew A. , Lutze Richard D. , Keirns Darby L. , Hunter William J. , Bashir Khalid , Teitz Tal
Published: November 2023

Significance Statement

To combat both untoward effects of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in cisplatin-treated patients, two potential therapeutic oral anticancer drugs AZD5438 and dabrafenib, a phase-2 clinical trial protein kinase CDK2 inhibitor and an US Food and Drug Administration–approved drug BRAF inhibitor, respectively, were tested in an established mouse AKI model. Both drugs have previously been shown to protect significantly against cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice. Each drug ameliorated cisplatin-induced increases in the serum biomarkers BUN, creatinine, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Drugs also improved renal histopathology and inflammation, mitigated cell death by pyroptosis and necroptosis, and significantly enhanced overall survival of cisplatin-treated mice.

Background

Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy agent for a wide variety of solid tumors, but its use is dose-limited by serious side effects, including AKI and hearing loss. There are no US Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs to treat both side effects. Recently, two anticancer oral drugs, AZD5438 and dabrafenib, were identified as protective against cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice. We hypothesize that similar cell stress and death pathways are activated in kidney and inner ear cells when exposed to cisplatin and tested whether these drugs alleviate cisplatin-induced AKI.

Methods

The HK-2 cell line and adult FVB mice were used to measure the protection from cisplatin-induced cell death and AKI by these drugs. Serum markers of kidney injury, BUN, creatinine, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as well as histology of kidneys were analyzed. The levels of markers of kidney cell death, including necroptosis and pyroptosis, pERK, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, were also examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. In addition, CDK2 knockout (KO) mice were used to confirm AZD5438 protective effect is through CDK2 inhibition.

Results

The drugs reduced cisplatin-induced cell death in the HK-2 cell line and attenuated cisplatin-induced AKI in mice. The drugs reduced serum kidney injury markers, inhibited cell death, and reduced the levels of pERK and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, all of which correlated with prolonged animal survival. CDK2 KO mice were resistant to cisplatin-induced AKI, and AZD5438 conferred no additional protection in the KO mice.

Conclusions

Cisplatin-induced damage to the inner ear and kidneys shares similar cellular beneficial responses to AZD5438 and dabrafenib, highlighting the potential therapeutic use of these agents to treat both cisplatin-mediated kidney damage and hearing loss.
Da “Campanha” para a Cidade: as feiras da agricultura familiar em Santana do Livramento (RS)
Authors: Troian Alessandra , Aguirre Marcia Luiza Cruz , De Oliveira Sibele Vasconcelos
Published: November 2023

A comercialização em feiras é uma importante estratégia de reprodução da agricultura familiar e promotora do desenvolvimento regional. Em Santana do Livramento (RS), a falta de apoio político contribui(u) para a consolidação dos canais curtos de comercialização. Nesse sentido, o estudo visa analisar a dinâmica da produção e comercialização dos feirantes de Santana do Livramento (RS). Metodologicamente a pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, realizada a partir de revisão bibliográfica, entrevistas e observação não participante. Os dados foram obtidos durante o segundo semestre de 2019 através de entrevistas semiestruturadas a dez feirantes e observações em quatro feiras do município. Como resultados, tem-se que as feiras analisadas podem ser divididas em dois grupos, a dos feirantes ligados à Associação Santanense de Produtores Hortigranjeiros (ASPH) e dos feirantes vinculados ao Movimento dos Sem Terra (MST). Cada feira possui data, local, bem como estratégia de organização e planejamento distintos para a comercialização. Apesar das precárias condições de infraestrutura, as feiras se mantêm pelas relações de confiança e a reciprocidade existente entre feirantes e consumidores. Por fim, nota-se a expressiva capacidade de resiliência dos agricultores familiares frente às adversidades socioeconômicas locais.
Cidades pequenas, dinâmicas territoriais e mudanças na rede urbana da Região dos Vales-Rio Grande do Sul-Brasil
Authors: Lima da Silveira Rogerio Leandro , Rezende Faccin Carolina , Pavan Detoni Luana
Published: November 2023

Analisa-se o papel das cidades pequenas no contexto das dinâmicas urbanas e territoriais e das mudanças que ocorreram na rede urbana da Região do Vales, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Metodologicamente utiliza-se dados secundários dos estudos do IBGE sobre Regiões de Influência das Cidades (REGIC), elaborados entre 1966 e 2018. Entende-se a rede urbana como o conjunto articulado de centros urbanos através de relações e interações espaciais realizadas através de fluxos materiais e imateriais. Observa-se que a configuração espacial e dinâmica de funcionamento da rede urbana na Região dos Vales, refletem a limitada divisão territorial do trabalho existente na maior parte do território regional, de um lado, e decorrem da intensa fragmentação territorial promovida pelo processo de emancipações municipais, de outro lado. Representando a maioria das cidades da rede urbana regional, as cidades pequenas desempenham funções básicas e de imediato atendimento à população municipal e apresentam importante papel na estruturação da rede urbana regional. Algumas delas, têm ampliado a sua centralidade regional e se destacado na rede urbana através da gestão territorial pública que exercem e dos serviços privados especializados que ofertam na região decorrente dos seus processos de urbanização, condicionados pela dinâmica de desenvolvimento regional das atividades agroindustriais do tabaco e da produção de carne suína e de frango. Destacam-se também as capitais regionais de Santa Cruz do Sul e Lajeado, por exercerem intermediação de fluxos entre a metrópole de Porto Alegre e os centros locais e pela posição central que ocupam na rede urbana regional.
Montessori’s Perspective on Citizenship Education
Authors: De Brouwer Jaap , Klaver Lida , Van der Zee Symen
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to synthesize Montessori’s writings on citizenship education to support the implementation of a Montessorian view. This synthesis demonstrates that Montessori was of the explicit conviction that a better world can be achieved through citizenship education, as it strives for a peaceful and harmonious society. We approach this topic through the Dutch context. Although schools in the Netherlands are required by law to promote active citizenship and social cohesion, this law does not stipulate which of the many different views on citizenship education schools must adhere to. Schools have the liberty to devise their own citizenship curricula if they can substantiate their views and choices. For Montessori schools, this requires insight into Montessori’s view on citizenship education. Although Montessori’s views are still largely appropriate in our time, an ongoing dialogue about citizenship education is required, as Montessori lived and worked in a specific geopolitical context. Based on our analysis, we have identified seven themes that characterize Montessori’s view on citizenship education: one common citizenship goal; preparation for independent thinking and action; image of the future citizen; adapted and critical citizens; humanity for harmony; knowledge as prerequisite, personality development as goal; and an ever-expanding worldview. The results of this study provide valuable insights for designing and teaching citizenship education through a Montessorian lens.
Rediscovering the Child
Authors: Carver Kateri , Hassebroek Sarah
Published: November 2023

Action research is the term used for investigations done in the field, often by practitioners, and typically with a pragmatic rather than theoretical purpose (Willis & Edwards, 2014). This type of research is a key part of many Montessori teacher education programs, but the value of this important work is often lost to the field because the papers reside in separate institutional repositories with limited indexing. The Journal of Montessori Research is introducing a new annual review article series which features selected graduate student action research studies. The authors of this recurring series of articles represent Montessori teacher preparation programs and other university-based research roles. They will select studies that they believe are particularly high quality and relevant to the journal’s readers. We are calling this series of articles “Rediscovering the Child” to honor Maria Montessori’s seminal work and to acknowledge that all Montessori teachers engage in an ongoing process of rediscovering the children in their classrooms. When this process is formalized, action research is the result. This article is the first in the series and highlights six studies from University of Wisconsin-River Falls and St. Catherine University. In the coming issues, we will likely refine some aspects of our selection and review processes and expand the programs represented.
Tissue Sectioning v1
Authors: X. Henderson Michael
Published: November 2023

This protocol details formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sectioning on a microtome for subsequent tissue staining.
Renal Multicompartment Segmentation Object Boundaries v1
Authors: Lucarelli Nicholas
Published: November 2023

Boundary descriptions for segmentations produced by the CMILab multicompartment segmentation pipeline for PAS-stained renal whole slide images.
DatsenkoWannerCportucalensis v1
Authors: K Newman Dianne , Tsypin Lev , Saunders Scott , W Chen Allen
Published: November 2023

Protocol for performing Datsenko-Wanner deletions of C. portucalensis MBL genes based on https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.120163297
The culture-independent Bcc NAD methodfor the rapid detection and quantification of Bcc in water v1
Authors: Thu Duong Huong
Published: November 2023

Here we present a rapid (<4 hours from sample in to result out) culture-independent Bcc NAD method, incorporating a quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) assay. This method can be used to detect and simultaneously identify the Bcc species directly from water samples. This culture-independent Bcc NAD method is validated to the testing method equivalent of the ISO/TS 12869:2019 standard (a widely used rapid culture-independent NAD method for detecting Gram-negative Legionella species in water) in terms of specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and turnaround time to result compared to Bcc microbial culture diagnostic methodologies. We propose that the rapid culture-independent Bcc NAD method presented could gain widespread acceptance and be applied as a valuable diagnostic tool supporting a water risk management strategy in the pharmaceutical sector to assure the safety and quality of these water systems and water used for manufacturing. The development and validation of this culture-independent Bcc NAD method has been published in:
К изучению особенностей углекислотного экстракта золотарника канадского
Authors:   Удмуртский государственный университет, Мирошкина С.А. , Черепанов И.С.
Published: November 2023

Золотарник канадский травянистое многолетнее растение, завезен в Россию из Северной Америки как декоративное растение. На территории РФ стал инвазивным видом. В Удмуртской республике золотарник является фитоценотрансформером [1] – изменяет видовой состав фитоценозов, вытесняет местные виды растений, приводит к нарушению процессов в локальной экосистеме. Solidago canadensis хорошо растет на любом типе почв Удмуртии. Растения рода золотарник выделяют в почву аллелопатические вещества, замедляя или даже подавляя рост соседствующих растений. Золотарник канадский может нанести вред сельскому хозяйству и природным экосистемам, поэтому становятся важными вопросы изучения и борьбы с ним. Помимо того, что золотарник является инвазивным видом, он содержит ценные биологические вещества, что определило интерес к данному объекту. Использование золотарника канадского в качестве сырья позволяет бороться с его разрастанием и получать вещества, которые могут стать основой фитопрепаратов. Выделение этих веществ мы отрабатывали на установке докритической CO2 экстракции. Проводилась углекислотная экстракция и последующая экстракция шрота 67% этанолом. Результаты исследовали методами ИК- спектрометрии. По анализу экспериментальных данных удалось установить, что функционально-групповой состав исследованных CО2-экстрактов характеризуется наличием алифатических С-С/С-Н-групп, карбонильных, карбоксильных и сложноэфирных групп. Двойных углеродных связей различной конфигурации и характера сопряжения [2]. Фракционный состав в основном содержит липидные, терпеновые и пигментные фракции, компонентный состав включает сложные эфиры первичных и вторичных спиртов, в том числе глицериды, C=C-функционализированные пигменты, монотерпены и терпеноиды. Функционально-групповой состав этанольных вытяжек представлен ОН, С=О и СООН(СООR)-группами с ароматической составляющей структуры. Компонентный состав представлен сапонинами, флавоноидами и их гликозидами, а также пигментами ряда хлорофиллов.
Эндемики Дальнего Востока в коллекции живых растений in vitro Ботанического сада-института ДВО РАН
Authors:   Ботанический сад-институт ДВО РАН, Пьянова А.С. , Сабуцкий Ю.Е. , Бердасова К.С. , Лончакова Т.Е.
Published: November 2023

Эндемичные виды растений являются уникальными представителями флоры определенного региона. Такие виды, как правило, мало устойчивы к различным неблагоприятным условиям окружающей среды и антропогенному воздействию. Несмотря на различные стратегии поддержания редких и эндемичных видов, на сегодняшний день проблема сохранения таких видов остаётся актуальной. Одним из инструментов могут служить технологии микроклонального размножения. Цель биотехнологических приёмов состоит не в том, чтобы заменить традиционные методы сохранения, а в том, чтобы дополнить их и усовершенствовать. Коллекция живых растений in vitro Ботанического сада-института ДВО РАН включает семь эндемичных видов Дальнего Востока, большинство из которых включены в Красные книги как государственного, так и регионального уровня. Leontopodium palibinianum Beauverd (Asteraceae) – уязвимый вид. Включён в Красную книгу Приморского края [2]. Barnardia japonica (Scilla scilloides) (Thunb.) Schult. et Schult. Fil. (Asparagaceae) – на грани исчезновения. Вид включён в Красные книги Приморского края [2] и Российской федерации [3]. Lonicera tolmatchevii Pojark. (Caprifoliaceae) – уязвимый вид. Включён в Красную книгу Сахалинской области [4] и Красную книгу Российской федерации [2]. Iris mandshurica Maxim. (Iridaceae) – рекомендован для включения в готовящиеся издания Красной книги Приморского края и Красной книги России. Iris vorobievii N.S. Pavlova (Iridaceae) – угрожаемый. Включён в Красную книгу Приморского края [2] и Красную книгу Российской федерации [2]. Oxytropis chankaensis Jurtz. (Fabaceae) – уязвимый вид. Включён в Красную книгу Приморского края [2]. Lespedeza davurica (Laxm.) Schindl. (Fabaceae) – уязвимый вид. Включён в Красные книги Приморского края [2] и Амурской области [1]. Депонирование микроклонов в культурах in vitro позволяет не только сохранять генетическое разнообразие, но обеспечивает безопасный для природных популяций обмен растительным материалом. Исследование проведено на базе уникальной научной установки «Коллекция живых растений in vitro Ботанического сада-института ДВО РАН» (реестровый номер регистрации на сайте http://ckp-rf.ru – 347296) по теме государственного задания «Введение в культуру, изучение и сохранение генетических ресурсов хозяйственно ценных растений Восточной Азии». Регистрационный номер: 122040800086-1.
Функциональные признаки листьев важны для формирования субальпийских растительных сообществ.
Authors:   Уфимский институт биологии УФИЦ РАН, Гулов Д.М. ,   Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова
Published: November 2023

Функциональные признаки (ФП) растений важны для отбора видов в состав растительных сообществ. Сравнение средних значений ФП у растений внутри сообщества со случайными выборками позволяет оценить значимость признака для формирования состава сообществ. Сравнение средних и средневзвешенных значений ФП позволяет нам оценить их роль в доминировании в обществе. Мы определяли ФП листьев (площадь, масса, удельная поверхность листьев – SLA, содержание сухого вещества – LDMC) для сообществ двух типов (субальпийские болота и высокотравье) в Тебердинском национальном парке (КЧР). В субальпийский высокотравье и болоте мы случайным образом отобрали 9-12 зрелых неповрежденных листьев для каждого вида. Листья взвешивали в водонасыщенном состоянии, затем сканировали для определения площади, и высушивали для оценки сухой массы листа. На основании данных по сухой и влажной массе листа и его площади рассчитывали вклад CSR (конкурентности – стресс-толерантности – рудеральности) стратегий Ф.Грайма по методике С.Пиерса. Удельную площадь листа (SLA) рассчитывали путем деления площади на сухую массу листа. Многие ФП листьев и стратегии растений значимо различаются на болотах и в высокотравье от таковых для случайного набора видов из местной высокогорной флоры. Виды растений высокотравных сообществ, имеют большие размеры листьев, большую SLA и меньшее LDMC, а также больший вклад C и меньший S и R стратегий. Средневзвешенные значения ФП для этого сообщества выше для массы и площади листьев, ниже для SLA, выше для LDMC, здесь выше вклад С и меньше R стратегий. Растения субальпийских болот по сравнению со случайным набором видов имеют меньшие размеры листьев, меньшую SLA и большую LDMC, больший вклад стресс-толерантности (S) и меньший вклад C и R стратегий. Средневзвешенные величины ФП растений болот по сравнению с другими видами были ниже для SLA и выше для LDMC, болотные растения показали больший вклад S и меньший R стратегий. ФП растений субальпийских болот и высокотравья существенно различаются, что может быть связано с контрастным режимом увлажнения.