bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF BUDESONIDE COLON-TARGETED TABLETS USING CONTROLLED POROSITY OSMOTIC PUMP TECHNOLOGY
Authors: KUMAR VOLETI VIJAYA , Y. ISMAIL
Published: January 2025

Objective: Formulation and optimization of Budesonide (BDU) controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets (CPOP) to treat Nocturnal Asthma (NA) by adopting the Quality by design approach was set as objective of this research work.
Methods: Solubility of Budesonide was enhanced by converting in to the form of BUD Solid dispersions, using poloxamer 188. Controlled Porosity Osmotic pump (CPOP) tablets of budesonide were formulated by wet granulation technique. Quality by design approach using Box-Behnken design was adopted to optimize the selected critical factors. The optimized formulation was compared with the marketed extended-release formulation.
Results: The percentage of drug released at 4 h (D4), 7 h (D7), and 10 h (D10) were identified as response factors during the optimization phase. Statistical analysis showed that a combination of 200 mg of the SPM coat, 19.72 mg of Eudragit S 100 for the enteric coating, and 69.74 mg of guar gum in the core could achieve drug release rates of 9.4% after 4 h, 55.9% after 7 h, and 96.6% after 10 h of administration for the CPOP tablets.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the CPOP tablets were successfully formulated for colon-targeted drug release.
ADDITIVE CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF CISPLATIN AND ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA EXTRACT THROUGH THE MODULATION OF APOPTOTIC MARKERS, CYCLIN-D AND VEGF EXPRESSIONS IN SKOV3 OVARIAN CANCER CELL LINE
Authors: DIAH FARA VITANTRI , MAZFUFAH NUZLI FAHDIA , AROZAL WAWAIMULI , LOUISA MELVA , WANANDI SEPTELIA INAWATI , ARUMUGAM SOMASUNDARAM , SREEDHAR REMYA , WUYUNG PUSPITA EKA
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aims to investigate the possibility of additive cytotoxic effects of cisplatin and Andrographis paniculate (Burm. f.) Nees(AP) via apoptotic, cell cycle and angiogenesis pathways.
Methods: CC50 cisplatin, AP and Andrographolide (AG) were determined by the cell viability of SKOV3 after its exposure to these substances. SKOV3 cells were then divided into 6 experimental groups: one negativecontrol group, one with CC50 cisplatin alone, and three where CC50 was combined with CC50 AP, ½CC50 AP, and 1.5CC50 AP, respectively. The additive cytotoxic effect of cisplatin with AP or AG was evaluated through the modulation of several pathways via qRT-PCR of their markers: apoptotic pathways indicated by Bax, BCL2, Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 expression; cell cycle indicated by Cyclin-D expression; angiogenesis pathways by VEGF expression.
Results: Cisplatin reduces cell viability to 54%, 37% when combined with AG, and 30%, 23% and 20% with ½CC50 AP, CC50 AP and 1.5CC50 AP, respectively. AG and AP extract decreases SKOV3 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cisplatin combined with AP showed a statistically significant increase in BAX, Caspase 3, Caspase 9 expression and a decrease in BCL2, which indicated synergy in apoptotic pathways. The best result was seen in cisplatin combined with ½CC50 AP. A decrease in Cyclin D and VEGF was seen in all groups, the best seen in ½CC50 AP and CC50 AP, respectively, showing optimal cell cycle arrest and anti-angiogenesis properties when cisplatin is combined with AP extract.
Conclusion: Combining cisplatin with AP extract enhanced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and anti-angiogenesis properties.
PREVENTING DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CURRENT PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Authors: DHARANI B. , SEBASTIAN STEPHY , NAZRIN S. , A. SUBA
Published: January 2025

Objective: This review examines the growing global burden of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), a major complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and a leading cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). With diabetes rates increasing, DN presents a significant health challenge. Current treatments manage established DN, but preventive strategies targeting high-risk individuals are urgently needed. This review evaluates current and emerging therapies for DN prevention.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS and others) to identify studies on the treatment and prevention of DN in DM patients. Eligible studies included Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT), cohort studies and meta-analyses published upto 2024, focusing on outcomes like albuminuria, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and ESRD incidence.
Results: Current treatments, including Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB), effectively reduce albuminuria and slow progression. Emerging therapies, such as antioxidants (Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA), Resveratrol), Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists (MRA) and Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERA), show promise in improving kidney function and reducing inflammation. Other potential therapies targeting Oxidative Stress (OS), inflammation and fibrosis, such as Advanced Glycation End products(AGE) inhibitors and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors, have demonstrated preclinical efficacy but require further validation.
Conclusion: While current therapies slow DN progression, they do not offer definitive prevention. Emerging treatments targeting oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis show promise in reducing kidney damage. However, challenges like side effects and long-term safety remain. Further research is needed to establish the efficacy of these therapies and develop personalized strategies for preventing DN in high-risk populations.
Prevalence of Substance Abuse and its Associated Factorsamong Diploma Studying Students of High Land Area ofMid-Western Region, Nepal
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Janaki Medical College, Janakpur, Nepal, Pokhrel Bishal , Sah Prabin Kumar ,   School of Public Health, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal, Kafle Om Prakash ,   School of Public Health, Karnali Academic of Health Sciesces,Jumla, Nepal, Parajuli Kriti ,   Research Assistant, National Institute for development and research, Nepal
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Substance abuse such as alcohol, cigarette/tobacco, and cannabis are major public health problemswhich kills millions of people globally. Several social-demographic variables associated with substance abuse inadolescents and young adults in low- and middle-incomes countries like Nepal. There is limited study available onsubstance abuse among Nepalese adolescents and young adult. The study conducted in rural area of Nepal revealedhigh prevalence of substance abuse among adolescent and young adult and there are several limitations in this study.
Therefore the present study was planned to conduct in remote area of Nepal where substance abuse are commonlyused.
The aim of this study is “To assess the prevalence of substance abuse and its association factors among diplomastudying students in the remote high lands area of mid-western Nepal.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Karnali Technical School (KTS), Jumla, Nepal. Total 445students from different diploma level were included in the study. The semi-structured questionnaire was used whichincludes socio-demographic variables and consumption of alcohol, cigarette/tobacco and cannabis as tools for datacollection. All collected data were analyzed using SPSS 20 version software. Chi-square test was applied to measureassociation between socio-demographic variables and substance use. P value is set at alpha α = 0.05.
Result: Out of 445, 78 (17.5%) respondents used any form of substance. In types of substance abuse, 64 (14.4%)
used cigarette/tobacco followed by alcohol 53 (11.9%) and 39 (8.8%) as cannabis. Two in one adolescents reportedthat the peer group influence was the major factors for substance abuse. Age, gender, family income, father
occupation are strongly associated with substance abuse.
Conclusion: The substance abuse among diploma students was high. Several factors such as peer group pressure andsocio-demographic variables are accountable for substance abuse, therefore to discourage or prevent diploma studentsfrom using substance abuse, awareness and counselling program should be focused on harmful effects of substanceabuse.
Keywords: Prevalence, Substance abuse, Association, Diploma students
Chemical Analysis of Urinary Stones at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.
Authors:   Hospital Director, Rapti Academy of Health Sciences, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal., Panthi Janardan , Pokhrel Bishal ,   Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Rapti Academy of Health Sciences, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Urinary Stone (Urolithiasis) is a common problem all over the world, and its prevalence is higher in
those who lives in mountains, deserts, tropical and subtropical areas. The notorious nature of its recurrence is a great
challenge to the treatment of urinary stone disease.
Urinary stone is the third most common problems of urinary tract, exceeded only by urinary tract infection, and
pathological conditions of the prostate. Worldwide prevalence of urinary stone disease is increasing day by day. The
present study focuses on the demographic distribution and chemical analysis of the urinary stones of the patients
undergoing surgical intervention.
Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was carried out over a period of one year from July 2006 to July 2007 at
department of General Surgery, Urology unit, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Kathmandu. There was a total
of 4124 patients admitted in surgical ward. Among them 153 patients were admitted at Urology unit and stones of 50
patients who underwent surgical intervention were sent for biochemical analysis of stone at National Reference
Laboratory Kathmandu.
Results: Urinary stones with the male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Urinary stone was found more common in hilly area
of Nepal which was 64.0%. The most common urinary stone was Calcium Oxalate, 66.0%.
Conclusion: The study revealed that majority of the patients were between 20 to 29 years of age in which 60.0%were
male and 40.0%female. 64.0 % of stones were seen in Hilly area of Nepal, and calcium oxalate was the most common
types of urinary stone.
Keywords: Urinary stone, RAHS.
Una breve pero sustancial crítica a la visión del populismo de Nadia Urbinati
Authors: Suárez-Iñiguez Enrique
Published: January 2025

En este breve ensayo el autor crítica la visión de Nadia Urbinati sobre el populismo como democrático y señala que, en cambio, vulnera la democracia
El gobierno de Alberto Fernández en Argentina: La política y las políticas en tiempos de crisis (2019-2023)
Authors: Retamozo Martín , Trujillo Salazar Lucía
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza el período político iniciado en diciembre de 2019 en Argentina con la asunción del gobierno de Alberto Fernández del Frente de Todos, el cual se vio fuertemente influenciado por una crisis socioeconómica preexistente y el impacto posterior de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se examinan los aspectos económicos, sociales y políticos que motivaron las acciones gubernamentales en tres dimensiones principales. La primera se centra en las intervenciones mediante políticas sociales y económicas; la segunda aborda las tensiones dentro del sistema político; y la tercera se enfoca en el contexto geopolítico
López Leyva Miguel Armando y Monsiváis Carrillo A. (Coordinadores). (2024) ¿Como se sostiene la democracia?: resiliencia democrática en México. México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales.
Authors: Pérez Garcés Ranulfo
Published: January 2025

López Leyva Miguel Armando y Monsiváis Carrillo A. (Coordinadores). (2024) ¿Como se sostiene la democracia?: resiliencia democrática en México. México. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales.
Problemas de legitimidad democrática en la esfera pública digitalizada.Habermas Jürgen (2022). Ein neuer Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit und die deliberative Politik. Berlin. Suhrkamp.
Authors: Fernández Vega José
Published: January 2025

Habermas Jürgen (2022). Ein neuer Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit und die deliberative Politik. Berlin. Suhrkamp.
Technologies for safety and health management in large companies in Ecuador: A worker-centric exploration from technology adoption attitudes
Authors: González-Cañizalez Y. , Silva-Barreto J. , Manrique-Suárez R. , Rodríguez B.
Published: January 2025

Implementing I4.0 technologies to promote a safe work environment is essential to safeguard worker safety and health (OSH). An analysis based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the adapted Technology Organization and Environment (TOE) model led the association between applications based on the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and workers’ attitude toward these ap- plications in large Ecuadorian companies. Service & Commerce business companies gathering most workers, predominantly between 18 and 43 years old (63.86%), shows a positive and significant correlation between operation and supervision responsibilities, educational level, and the use of portable devices, especially in OSH (78.31%). A positive correlation is depicted between perceived ease of use (EU), perceived usefulness (PU), and risk perception (RP). The use of portable devices for work activities, combined with the detection of issues in the workflow, is positively correlated with sharing data to identify risks, bridging collective and individual OSH. Monitoring activities, data collection, and training concentrate the key technological applications in large companies in Ecuador.
Comparative analysis of machine learning models to predict rectangular patch antenna dimensions
Authors: Degachi R. , Ghendir S.
Published: January 2025

The non-linear relationship between antenna characteristics and their electromagnetic responses made the design and optimization process difficult, in the face of these difficulties, antenna engineers used several techniques, including machine learning, as it has great capabilities that make it a very useful tool that can help researchers in this field. In this paper, four machine learning algorithms: ANN, Random Forest, Decision Tree and SVR are used to predict the dimensions of a rectangular patch antenna, through the utilization of a dataset comprising 3111 simulated samples collected using HFSS Simulation software. The results showed that random forest with 100 estimators exhibited an outstanding performance concerning prediction accuracy, with a mean square error (MSE) of 0.52.
Enhanced approach for artificial neural network-based optical fiber channel modeling: Geometric constellation shaping WDM system as a case study
Authors: Abbass A. M. , Fyath R. S.
Published: January 2025

Recently, there has been increasing interest in applying machine learning (ML) approaches to enhance the performance of optical communication systems. This paper applies some of these approaches to design advanced wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM)-coherent optical fiber communication (OFC) systems assisted by the constellation shaping technique. A theoretical design and performance investigation are reported assuming end-to-end deep learning (E2EDL) autoencoder (AE)-assisted system configuration. A flexible artificial neural network (ANNs)-based optical fiber channel modeling approach suitable for different multi-span transmission links in OFCs is presented. This approach is applied to E2EDL-based geometric constellation shaping WDM systems and the results reveal that using a bi-directional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU)-neural network (NN) gives the best modeling that tracks the numerical nonlinear interference noise fiber model with much less computation time(~7%). This work is implemented using the Python programming language and utilizing the TensorFlow framework to develop the simulation models.
Proposed theoretical approaches for cellular base station radiation level estimation in urban environments
Authors: AL-jaff S. K. , Musadaq Rusul , Khodayer A. M. , Sallomi A. H.
Published: January 2025

Increasing demand for cellular communication service forced service providers to improve their quality of service by increasing the number of base stations inside or in the proximity of populated areas. Consequently, the level of electromagnetic pollution is increased resulting in great concern about the probable health risk due to exposure to the base station radiations. 
In order to estimate the possible health impact due to population exposure to cellular base station radiations, this paper presents two mathematical approaches suggested to evaluate the base station radiation level in terms of power density induced at the exposed objects. The first approach depends on the superposition theorem that considers radiations from all base stations surrounding the exposed object. The second approach uses a fluid model to study and estimate the power density received by the objects exposed to the cellular base station radiations in urban areas. Once the induced power density in the exposed human body is obtained, it is possible to evaluate the health effects, and the safety exposure limits can be set.
Characterization of urban mobility in Bogotá: A spatial autocorrelation analysis
Authors: Pantoja J. , Melo O. , Rodríguez D. J.
Published: January 2025

This paper studies the variables influencing urban mobility in Bogotá's Urban Planning Zones (UPZs) through spatial autocorrelation analysis. Initially, data from various databases were compiled, covering 13 variables across 111 UPZs. A descriptive analysis identified significant variables, revealing a positive skewness trend. Higher social strata (4, 5, and 6) correlated with better mobility indices and more automobiles per family. The Moran Index showed strong spatial autocorrelation in mobility indices, indicating that nearby UPZs have similar mobility patterns. Areas like Suba and Usaquén, with better infrastructure, showed higher mobility indices, while Ciudad Bolívar and Usme had poor infrastructure and low mobility. The study highlights the correlation between mobility and factors like social strata, automobile numbers, and infrastructure, providing a foundation for future transport and urban planning policies.
Avaliação da aplicação de um biorreator a membrana em bateladas sequenciais no tratamento de esgoto doméstico
Authors: Gavlak Guilherme , Pedroso Carlos Raphael , Setnarski Gabriele Monique de Andrade , Müller Lucas Eduardo , De Andrade Andressa
Published: January 2025

O sistema de biorreator com membranas (BRM) vem ganhando destaque nos últimos anos em comparação aos sistemas tradicionais de tratamento de efluentes domésticos, uma vez que as restrições estão cada vez maiores em função dos seus lançamentos em corpos hídricos. Desse modo, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicação, em escala piloto, de um biorreator a membranas em bateladas sequenciais (BRM-BS) no tratamento de esgoto doméstico. O desempenho do reator foi avaliado com base na remoção dos parâmetros: demanda química de oxigênio solúvel (DQOs), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), nitrogênio amoniacal, fósforo solúvel, cor aparente e turbidez. Paralelamente, foi avaliado no reator análises relacionadas aos processos de colmatação das membranas: produtos microbianos solúveis (SMP) e substâncias poliméricas extracelulares (EPS) em termos de proteínas e polissacarídeos, assim como a pressão transmembrana (PTM). O BRM-BS, apresentou eficiências expressivas na remoção de DQOs, cor verdadeira e turbidez, sendo de 94%, 93% e 99%, respectivamente. Os valores de SMP, EPS, DQOs correlacionaram significativamente com o aumento da PTM, porém, com baixa velocidade de colmatação. Em conclusão, a utilização de BRM-BS apresenta uma abordagem promissora para mitigar os impactos ambientais associados aos esgotos domésticos.
Percepção sobre a qualidade do serviço de água potável no Municìpio de Tucuruí – PA, Brasil: Das condições de oferta
Authors: Silva de Sousa Pedro Henrique , Rego Augusto da Gama , Silva de Jesus Allan Jamesson
Published: January 2025

The article aims to analyze the perception of the quality of drinking water supply services in the city of Tucuruí-PA. With a focus on identifying specific phenomena and discussing the relationship between water supply at the SAA km 4 and water consumption and use in the Jaqueira neighborhood, a correlation analysis was carried out only between socioeconomic variables and then between socioeconomic variables and those of water consumption and use. The study was carried out in two stages, the first addressing the capacity of the drinking water supply sector in km4 and the second focusing on the perception of services by the population of the Jaqueira neighborhood. The research indicated that by the year 2028, the km4 system may not have the capacity to meet the water demand of the population living in the area it serves. In addition, the population of the Jaqueira neighbourhood, characterized mainly by small families, low income and low level of education, evaluates the services as poor or very poor. In addition, a negative correlation was identified between the occurrence of intermittent water supply and the assessment of water quality, a positive correlation between economic class and the use of bottled water, as well as a negative correlation between the frequency of household cleaning of reservoirs and the occurrence of symptoms related to contact with poor quality water. Finally, it was not possible to accurately identify the profile of consumers based on perception
Análise da composição gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos urbanos da cidade de Guanambi-BA
Authors: Leal Thomas Leonardo Marques de Castro , De Oliveira Thaynara Lorrayne , Magalhães Araújo Luísa
Published: January 2025

Uma gestão de resíduos mais eficiente deve começar pela classificação e quantificação desses, ou seja, pela caracterização física dos resíduos. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo realizar o levantamento da composição gravimétrica dos RSU da cidade de Guanambi. Além disso, através de uma revisão sistemática, buscou-se analisar os trabalhos de composição gravimétrica do Brasil, dando um panorama das publicações e comparando os resultados com os obtidos no levantamento de campo. Na revisão sistemática, verificou-se uma diferença na classificação de alguns materiais da categoria de rejeitos, como tecido e borracha, fato que pode ter levado a diferença estatisticamente significativa no percentual. Já para os orgânicos e recicláveis, a média da amostra não difere estatisticamente da média nacional, ou seja, os valores encontrados pelos autores estão dentro do intervalo de confiança. Sobre os dados encontrados para a cidade de Guanambi, os resultados mostram que a fração de resíduos orgânicos está acima da média nacional (71.78%) e a de resíduos recicláveis (24.66%) e rejeitos (3.72%) estão abaixo da média. De forma geral, os resultados também apontaram uma diferença entre os resultados das frações para diferentes faixas de renda, com a menor fração de recicláveis identificados em bairro de alta renda, devido, principalmente, a características populacionais. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de buscar novas alternativas para a destinação dos resíduos orgânicos, já que a forma atual, um lixão a céu aberto, agrava os impactos ambientais negativos desses resíduos.
Police Training Revisited: Meeting the Demands of Conflict Training with a New Constraints-Led Approach
Authors: Koerner Swen , Staller Mario S.
Published: January 2025

Recent data indicate that police officers often feel unprepared for the ambiguous and unpredictable situations they face.
The Constraints-Led Approach (CLA) to training can make police training more realistic and effective, as well as enhance retention and transfer of core psychomotor skills. CLA-based training emphasizes active, hands-on training that gradually includes key constraints (contexts) of real-life police operations.
Initial studies show that CLA-based training can support police officers’ development of practical problem-solving skills in realistic scenarios in ways superior to traditional technique-based instruction.
Improving Police-Citizen Interactions Through Trauma-Informed Policing
Authors: Huppe Eva , Lair Zachary
Published: January 2025

Trauma, whether from personal experiences like abuse or from systemic discrimination, shapes how people respond to authority. Traditional policing can increase distress for those who have experienced trauma, but trauma-informed policing can help decrease distress.
Trauma-informed policing is becoming more common as awareness grows about trauma’s impact on mental health and police-community interactions. This approach prioritizes empathy, safety, and support to prevent re-traumatization and encourage healing.
Adopting trauma-informed practices can build trust between police and community members, which is essential for effective policing. These practices make victims feel safe and supported while improving officers’ mental health, creating a healthier, more productive work environment.
Was That Use of Force Reasonable? The Public Doesn’t Know
Authors: Richardson Dustin , Fridell Lorie
Published: January 2025

There is a gap between what community members believe is reasonable use of force and what the law defines as reasonable. This divide has led to significant consequences for police departments across the country and society as a whole.
In the current study, community members’ assessments of force reasonableness aligned with the legal standard on use of force only about half of the time, partly because legally irrelevant factors influenced their assessments.
To reduce the divide between community and legal standards on use of force, police leaders can provide community education, revise departmental policy, and/or deliver de-escalation training.
Dichos del sector agropecuario: mitos o realidad según el conocimiento de los agricultores en el sur del Ecuador
Authors: Paccha Tamay Karina , Capa-Mora Edwin Daniel , Carrera Durazno Rubén , Fierro Jaramillo Natacha , Jiménez Álvarez Leticia
Published: January 2025

Los agricultores, tienen una amplia gama de dichos y frases que son transmitidos de generación en generación y que reflejan su conocimiento y visión sobre la vida y el trabajo en el campo. El objetivo de esta investigación, fue identificar los dichos más relevantes del sector rural, de acuerdo con la percepción de los agricultores de la zona rural de la provincia de Loja (Ecuador) y determinar si estos dichos, son mitos o representan realidades en el entorno rural. Para ello, se recopiló información de productores agropecuarios, a través de 251 encuestas semiestructuradas, en donde se abordaron contenidos informativos como: género, edad, nivel de educación, dichos del sector agrícola y pecuario; el grupo, se eligió considerando la disponibilidad de las personas y se centró en aquellos que estaban involucrados en la actividad agropecuaria. Los resultados se ingresaron en Excel y se analizaron con una prueba de Chi cuadrado (p<0.05), para identificar diferencias estadísticas significativas; los cuales, mostraron que los encuestados, independientemente del su edad, género o nivel de educación, conocen sobre los dichos agropecuarios y que estos, son utilizados constantemente, para desarrollar las actividades de producción agropecuaria como siembra, podas y otras labores agro-culturales. Sin embargo, se aprecia que no todos los dichos, tienen un respaldo científico, pero, varios de ellos, tienen concordancia con el conocimiento técnico agroproductivo. Los dichos, son considerados como una forma valiosa de sabiduría ancestral y merecen ser revalorados y preservados para las generaciones futuras.
Students’ Mathematical Representation in Resource-based Learning Model Assisted by Google Classroom
Authors: Anggiana Agus Dede , Kandaga Thesa
Published: January 2025

Mathematics is a subject rich in representations, ranging from tables, diagrams, symbols, physical, to verbal. In the realm of mathematics, students are required to master all of these types of representations. To facilitate learning encompassing all of these representations, various structured materials and references are necessary. The objective of this research was to determine the extent of improvement in mathematical representation among students who received Model Resource-based Learning aided by Google Classroom. The research method employed was quasi-experimental. Sample of this study were students of grade XI in the academic year 2021/2022 at one high school in Bandung. Purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection. The research sample was selected based on available classes, ensuring that both classes had equivalent initial capabilities. One class then became the experimental group, while the other class served as the control group. The research instrument was a test of mathematical representation ability. Based on the data analysis, the improvement in mathematical representation ability among students in the experimental group was higher compared to students in the control group. It was also found that despite being provided with resources in Google Classroom, students' verbal representations were still lacking and remained the lowest type of representation besides physical representation.
Use of Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract Approach to Enhance Learners’ Conceptual Understanding of Fractions
Authors: Sello Leboho , Maphutha Kgaladi , Paul Mutodi
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we explored how using the Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract (CPA) approach enhances learners’ conceptual understanding of fractions in the Capricorn North District of South Africa. The research is framed within the conceptual understanding theory rooted in cognitive constructivism. Conceptual learning is understanding mathematical ideas as an integrated and functional system with three components: comprehension, operations, and relations. A one-phase concurrent embedded mixed-method research design was used to gather qualitative data through task-based interviews and quantitative data through pretests and post-tests. Deductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, independent and paired samples T-tests. Seventy (70) conveniently sampled Grade 7 learners participated in the study. The findings indicate that the CPA approach enhanced the learners’ conceptual understanding of fractions though the effect size of the intervention is minimal and negligible. Furthermore, the study found that the incorporation of concrete objects and visual aids proved to be efficient. Additionally, the qualitative results revealed how learners’ conceptual understanding of fractions was enhanced during the intervention. This study contributes to innovative teaching methods of fractions, potentially enhancing mathematics performance and inspiring educators to explore new teaching approaches.
Analysis of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Reviewed from Students' Self-Confidence in Grade VIII
Authors: Zukhriya Rohmatin , Kartono Kartono , Wijayanti Kristina
Published: January 2025

Mathematical problem-solving ability is one of the basic skills that helps students solve mathematical problems. This study aims to describe mathematical problem-solving skills based on the level of self-confidence. The research method is descriptive and qualitative. In this study, testing instruments and questionnaires were used for data collection. The study participants were six students which students representing high, medium, and low self-confidence categories with the sampling technique using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The study findings show that students in the high confidence category could meet all the indicators of mathematical problem-solving ability. Students in the medium confidence category can meet three indicators of mathematical problem-solving ability, namely, constructing new knowledge through problem-solving, implementing and adapting appropriate plans/strategies to solve problems, and solving problems that arise in mathematics and other situations. Meanwhile, students in the low confidence category can meet the indicator of the mathematical problem-solving ability to construct new knowledge through problem-solving. Therefore, this research is expected to provide input for teachers to design lessons that can help students develop their mathematical problem-solving skills.
MEMÓRIAS DO OIAPOQUE:
Authors: Tassinari Antonella Maria Imperatriz
Published: January 2025

A partir da demanda de universitários indígenas do Oiapoque para acessar o acervo das pesquisas que realizei em suas aldeias nos anos 1990, iniciei em 2010 um projeto para digitalizar e disponibilizar virtualmente esse material. Este artigo pretende refletir sobre as peripécias desse projeto, idealizado como uma proposta de devolução de dados através de hipermídia. O projeto foi encontrando uma série de dificuldades relativas à sua aprovação por parte das comunidades indígenas, que levaram à criação de novas estratégias de disponibilização dos dados, bem como às reflexões apresentadas no artigo sobre a natureza dos dados de pesquisa antropológica, a durabilidade dos dados digitalizados, o coletivo que almeja (ou não) o seu acesso virtual e, principalmente, a relação das pesquisas antropológicas com os processos locais de transmissão de saberes e de produção da memória.
REFLEXÕES E PRÁTICAS SOBRE A RESTITUIÇÃO DE DADOS DE PESQUISA E DE EXTENSÃO NA ANTROPOLOGIA
Authors: Ferreira Jaqueline , Fleisher Soraya , Bittencourt Ribeiro Fernanda
Published: January 2025

Apresentação do Dossiê Reflexões e práticas sobre a restituição de dados de pesquisa e de extesão na Antropologia
The Decline of Islam and the Progress of the Western World
Authors: Saputra Junifer , Erman Erman , Hasnah Radhiatul
Published: January 2025

This article aims to find out the history of the decline of Islam and the progress of the Western World. This research uses library research or literature study; the research source focuses on books and articles related to the discussion. The result of this research is to find out that the decline of Islam occurred during the Abbasid dynasty, when there were various problems that caused Islamic civilization to begin to weaken and even decline. The decline of Islam was primarily caused by the Mongol invasion, which marked the Abbasid period's collapse. In addition, fragmentation and intellectual stagnation were also major factors in the collapse of Islam in the Abbasid period. While the progress of the Western World is inseparable from the history of Islamic civilization, which experienced progress and decline, the factors that became the main cause in the progress of the Western World are Renaissance and Humanism, which marked the beginning of the progress of the western world with the transition of social changes in society to massive. The Science Revolution, Industrial Revolution, Colonialism, and Imprealism are also important factors in the progress of the Western World.
Criticism of Mixed Marriage and Child Citizenship Rights: Family Law Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Mutakin Ali
Published: January 2025

Mixed marriage and children's citizenship rights in Indonesia are increasingly becoming relevant topics in the midst of globalization and high social mobility. This study aims to analyze criticism of existing regulations and explore the need for more inclusive and responsive family law reform. The methodology used in this study includes a qualitative analysis of laws and regulations. The data collection techniques applied include a thorough literature study of various sources, including books, journal articles, and relevant legal documents. The results of the study show that the current laws, especially Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and Law No. 12 of 2006 on Citizenship, are still inadequate in accommodating the rights of children from mixed marriages. Legal uncertainties regarding child citizenship as well as complex registration procedures lead to discrimination and hinder children's access to basic services. Therefore, comprehensive reforms are needed to ensure the protection of the rights of children and women, as well as to harmonize national laws with international standards. This research contributes to a broader discussion on the importance of family law reform to realize justice and welfare for all family members in Indonesia.
The extremes of continuum and emission-line variability of AGN: Changing-look events and binary SMBHS
Authors: Komossa S. , Grupe D.
Published: January 2025

The extremes of emission-line and continuum variability of Active Galactic
Nuclei (AGN) are unique probes of the physics and geometry of the central
engine. This review provides an overview of the most extreme cases of
continuum and optical emission-line variability of AGN and the proposed
interpretations. We also point out remaining challenges in the identification
of changing-look (CL) AGN and discuss future prospects. This includes the
need for identification of larger samples of CL narrow-line Seyfert 1
galaxies and CL LINERs at opposite ends of the accretion regime. In the
second part, evidence for semi-periodic variability of broad lines and
continuum emission, and its possible interpretation by the presence of
binary SMBHs is addressed. Most recent results from the project MOMO are
presented which monitors densely the best-known binary SMBH candidate OJ
287. In the last few years, the results from this project have ruled out the
leading binary model and clearly established the need for new binary
modeling in an entirely different parameter regime and based on the actually
measured (primary) SMBH mass of 108 M?. Ongoing and near-future time-domain
surveys, and first gravitational wave detections of single systems, will play
an important role in advancing this frontier in astrophysics.
Time-resolved effects of short-term overfeeding on energy balance in mice
Authors: Ranea-Robles Pablo , Lund Camilla , Svendsen Charlotte , Gil Cláudia , Lund Jens , Kleinert Maximilian , Clemmensen Christoffer
Published: January 2025

To curb the obesity epidemic, it is imperative that we improve our understanding of the mechanisms controlling fat mass and body weight regulation. While great progress has been made in mapping the biological feedback forces opposing weight loss, the mechanisms countering weight gain remain less well defined. Here, we integrate a mouse model of intragastric overfeeding with a comprehensive evaluation of the regulatory aspects of energy balance, encompassing food intake, energy expenditure, and fecal energy excretion. Furthermore, to assess the role of adipose tissue thermogenesis in protecting against overfeeding-induced weight gain, we analyze the expression of genes involved in futile metabolic cycles in response to overfeeding and subject uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) knockout (KO) mice to intragastric overfeeding. Data from two independent experiments demonstrate that 7 days of 140-150% overfeeding results in substantial weight gain and triggers a potent, sustained decrease in voluntary food intake, which coincides with a gradual return of body weight toward baseline after overfeeding. Intragastric overfeeding triggers an increase in energy expenditure that seems to be adaptive. However, mice lacking UCP1 are not impaired in their ability to defend against overfeeding-induced weight gain. Finally, we show that fecal energy excretion decreases in response to overfeeding, but only during the recovery period, driven primarily by a reduction in fecal output rather than in fecal caloric density. In conclusion, while overfeeding may induce adaptive thermogenesis, the primary protective response to forced weight gain in mice appears to be a potent reduction in food intake.
Performance of Lac Insect Kerria lacca Kerr on Bushy Host Flemingia semialata (Roxb.)
Authors: Bhagyapriya P. , Rao S. R. Koteswara , Sanyasidhurua  , Ramesh D.
Published: January 2025

The study was carried out to assess the potential of Flemingia semialata as host of lac insect at Agriculture College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh (522101) India during January to June, 2023 to investigate the potential of F. semialata under coastal conditions of Andhra Pradesh.  Among different productivity parameters, initial density of settlement (Number per square cm), final density of settlement (Number per square cm)., sex ratio (% of male insects), density at crop maturity (Number per square cm) were recorded high at lower stem portion of the host plant F. semialata compared to upper and middle stem portions. Initial mortality (%) was recorded high at upper portion of host plant compared to middle and lower portions. Mean fecundity (Number of young ones produced by the female insect) recorded was 389.60. Mean yield (kg) of brood lac obtained was 0.76 kg and mean yield (kg) of scrapped lac obtained was 0.35 kg. Mean female size was recorded as 1.85mm. Mean broodlac-scraped lac ratio recorded was 2.17. Among the life cycle parameters of Lac insect mean sex ratio varied from 22.66 to 25.29. The life period of female was recorded as 156 days. The mean fecundity of female was 380.96 crawlers. There was a positive non-significant correlation recorded between female lac cell size and fecundity and also between female lac cell size and female cell weightand concluded that F. semialata can be used as a potential host for lac cultivation in the state of Andhra Pradesh
20 anos de produção científica (2001-2021) sobre avaliação na formação inicial em Educação Física
Authors: Freitas Nayane Moia de , Santos Wagner dos , Barcelos Marciel
Published: January 2025

O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a natureza da produção científica sobre a avaliação na formação inicial em educação física, particularmente na Região Norte. O método utilizado foi a revisão sistemática, no período de 2001-2021, os estudos foram mapeados dentro dos seguintes indexadores: Scielo, Hbisco, Lilacs, Doaj, Pubmed, Latindex e o Portal de Periódicos da Capes. A pesquisa evidencia uma crescente de resultados em relação às produções sobre a avaliação na formação inicial, mas que se encontra concentrada em uma região nacional, embora haja indícios de aumento na produção sobre o tema na Região Norte. Com isso, conclui-se que o debate acerca da avaliação na formação inicial em educação física vem se expandindo em função de um grupo que tem discutido o objeto nos últimos anos.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kulit Jeruk Lemon (Citrus limon) pada Pemanfaatan Serbuk Batang Singkong sebagai Obat Nyamuk Bakar
Authors: Puspita Ratna , Asmara Sandi , Rahmawati Winda , Kuncoro Sapto
Published: January 2025

The abundant amount of cassava stem waste in Indonesia has not been utilized optimally. As an effort to optimize the utilization of cassava stem waste, it is used as a raw material for mosquito coils with the addition of active ingredients as insect repellents. One of the natural insect repellents is lemon peel which contains limonoids as an active substance. In the making processing of mosquito coils, adhesives are also needed. so that the composition of waste cassava stems, lemon peel, and adhesive affects the characteristics of mosquito coils. Important parameters that were observed to obtain the characteristics of mosquito coils were shatter resistance index, moisture content, density, burn duration, smoke distribution, and organoleptic tests.  Result of research of P1 showing until P5 have an effect on burn duration. Weight one mosquito coils at various treatment gyrate 11,39-17,04 and old burn 7,1 hour - 8 hour Keyword: Burn Duration, Lemon Peel, Mosquito Coils.
Rancang Bangun Kereta Gantung Pengangkut Produk Hasil Pertanian
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Gandi , Tamrin Tamrin , Asmara Sandi
Published: January 2025

Problems in the agricultural sector are not only in the process of plant maintenance activities, but also because of the location of agricultural land that is not always easily accessible such as in mountainous areas and mountain slopes. This is certainly one of the obstacles for farmers in terms of transporting agricultural products. Cable cars are one of the innovations of transportation equipment that transport agricultural products that can be developed to help and facilitate the work of farmers effectively and efficiently. This study aims to design and make cable cars as a means of transporting agricultural products and performing performance tests on tools. This research was conducted in September-October 2018 at the Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. This research begins with the stage of determining the basic design of tools, designing tools, making tools, testing tools, observing and retrieving data. The mechanism of action of this tool is to hang the rail frame using a rope that is tied to a metal iron to a support pole at a certain slope angle. Then on the frame of the train there is an iron hook as a means of hanging a net that has been filled with loads. The way to operate the tool is by manually pulling it. The results showed that the no-load tool performance test took 6.08 seconds, with a load of 10 kg which was 6.86 seconds, a load of 20 kg at 8.10 seconds, and a load of 30 kg at 10.28 seconds. The slope angle obtained at 48 cm slope height is 8.53 °, the slope height of 57 cm is 6.84 °, and the slope height of 66 cm is 5.71 °. The cable car transporting agricultural products is 1200 cm long, 10 cm wide, and 16 cm high. The maximum load capacity that can be operated by the tool is 30 kg. Keywords: Agricultural Produce, Cable Car, Manual.
Analisis Perencanaan Bangunan Bendung untuk Kebutuhan Air Irigasi di Das Way Pemerihan Kecamatan Bengkunat Kabupaten Pesisir Barat
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Amin Muhammad , Asmara Sandi , Ramadhani Julia
Published: January 2025

The need for irrigation water in Weir building planning is needed to increase the production of irrigation areas by taking into account the availability of water and water needs.  Therefore the purpose of this study is to determine the amount of water that must be accommodated by the weir so that the optimal planting area with the right planting pattern in the District of Bengkunat, West Coast Regency. The area of irrigation area of 152 ha and the area of Weir capacity of 17.7 ha and the height of the Weir from the simulation results is 11.29 m so as to obtain the volume of Weir capacity of 991,200 m3 with the source of irrigation water comes from the watershed way Pemerihan. Analysis of irrigation water needs includes regional water balance, land preparation, consumptive use, perlocation, and mainstay discharge. The use of geographic information systems and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) will help the analysis process of irrigation water needs. The maximum value of irrigation water needs for the first and second planting period is 3.75 m3/sec which occurs in December the second two weeks and May the first week. Mainstay discharge sufficient water needs in the first and second growing season. The optimal crop area is for corn plants with an area of 70 ha. The recommended planting pattern in Bengkunat District is rice-Padi-palawija.Keywords: Irrigation Water Needs, Mainstay Discharge, SWAT, Weir.
Sauna ja synnynnäiset sydänviat
Authors: Tikkanen Jorma
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää äidin raskaudenaikaisen saunomisen vaikutusta lapsen synnynnäisen sydänvian riskiin. Aineisto kerättiin vuosina 1982–1984. Sen muodostivat 573 sydänvikaista lasta ja 1055 tervettä verrokkilasta. Lasten äidit haastateltiin neuvolassa keskimäärin kolme kuukautta synnytyksen jälkeen. Noin 95 % tapaus- ja verrokkiryhmistä saunoi alkuraskauden aikana. Saunomistiheydessä ei ollut eroa tapaus- ja verrokkiryhmien välillä. Äidin saunominen ei ollut yhteydessä myöskään raskauden kestoon, syntymäpainoon tai istukan painoon. Näytti siltä, ettei äidin saunominen vaikuta raskauden kulkuun eikä lisännyt lapsen sydänvian muodostumisvaaraa siten, että se näkyisi kolmen vuoden valtakunnallisessa aineistossa.