bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Media and audiences in historical and sociological perspective
Authors:   Regent’s University London, Rikitianskaia Maria
Published: January 2023

What role do audiences play in the formation of the media? What influence do consumer practices have on media? This article explores the relationship between media and audiences from a historical and sociological perspectives. Using a literature review on audiences in media and communications history, this paper analyses the role of audiences in the formation of media and outlines the key terms and concepts for understanding the audiences of different media from a historical perspective. As media studies is an important part of the social sciences, conceptualising the audiences as a key part of media processes is an essential part of understanding media, including their history. It is through a sociological perspective that we can assess the importance of listeners, viewers and readers for the media development. The main terms used in media studies and media education for audience research are discussed. The concept of the media triangle is described in detail to assess the significance of audiences to media history. The interaction between ‘old’ and ‘new’ media is then described in order to understand historical trajectories. The next section focuses on the analysis of the influence of audiences on the formation of cultural consumption practices of different media such as the press, phonograph, cinema, radio and television broadcasting, and digital media. The key terms used in this article are imagined community, media domestication, implied audience, collective and individual consumption and participatory culture. In the conclusion, paper stresses out the co-existence of the applied concepts in the current media environment as the result of media and communications development since the late 19th century.
Pd/In-based catalysts for nitrate catalytic removal from water: synthesis designs aiming for better N2 selectivity
Authors: Sacco Nicolas Alejandro , Miranda Zoppas Fernanda , Aghemo Vanina , Beltrame Thiago , Marchesini Fernanda Albana
Published: January 2023

Catalysts based on Pd/In were prepared through the wet impregnation method using Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 as supports. The impact of the synthesis procedure on N2 selectivity was studied. Characterization was performed using X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The catalytic performance of these materials was evaluated for nitrate removal from water in a batch reactor. The order of better nitrate removal was found to be Al2O3>TiO2>SiO2. The selectivity towards N2 was also impacted by the support used, with Al2O3-based catalysts being the most selective and TiO2-based the least due to strong metal–support interaction. The synthesis stages also impacted nitrate removal efficiency and selectivity, with the highest N2 selectivity (94.4% at 90% nitrate conversion) found in catalysts where In was added after Pd and underwent intermediate calcination, reduction and final reduction stages.
Repurposing some of the Well-known Non-steroid Anti-inflammatory
Drugs (NSAIDs) for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Vasconcelos Maria Helena , Palmeira Andreia , Sousa Sofia Martins , Xavier Cristina Pinto Ribeiro
Published: January 2023

Drug repurposing is a strategy used to develop new treatments based on approved or in-vestigational drugs outside the scope of their original clinical indication. Since this approach bene-fits from the original toxicity data of the repurposed drugs, the drug-repurposing strategy is time-saving, and inexpensive. It has a higher success rate compared to traditional drug discovery. Several repurposing candidates have been identified in silico screening and in vitro methodologies. One of the best examples is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Tumor-promoting inflamma-tion is one of the hallmarks of cancer, revealing a connection between inflammatory processes and tumor progression and development. This explains why using NSAIDs in the context of neoplasia has become a topic of interest. Indeed, identifying NSAIDs with antitumor activity has become a promising strategy for finding novel cancer treatment opportunities. Indeed, several commercial anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, celecoxib, tepoxalin and cyclo- valone, naproxen, and indomethacin have presented antitumor activity, and some of them are al-ready in clinical trials for cancer treatment. However, the benefits and complications of using NSAIDs for cancer treatment must be carefully evaluated, particularly for cancer patients with no further therapeutic options available. This review article provides insight into the drug repurposing strategy and describes some of the well-known NSAIDs that have been investigated as repurposed drugs with potential anticancer activity.
A Comparative Study on In vitro Anti-cancer and In vivo Anti-angiogenic
Effects of TRPC Blockers Pyr-3 and SKF-96365
Authors: Kıyan Hülya Tuba , Üvez Ayca , Erkisa Merve , Ikitimur-Armutak Elif İlkay , Yılmazer Nadim , Esener Osman Behzat Burak , Erol Kutucu Deniz , Üstünova Savaş , Ulukaya Engin , Öztürk A. Alper , Gürel-Gürevin Ebru
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Angiogenesis is involved in many physiological and pathological conditions including cancer. A number of TRP channels induce angiogenesis, promote cell proliferation or induce apoptosis in several types of human cancers. Therefore, TRP channels may be considered potential pharmacological targets for therapeutic options of disorders caused by insufficient angiogenesis or aberrant vascularization.

Aims:

This study aimed to comparatively investigate in vitro anti-cancer and in vivo anti-angiogenic effects of TRPC blockers Pyr-3 and SKF-96365.

Methods:

For anti-cancer effects, four cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, A549, PC-3, and HCT-116) were used. In vivo anti-angiogenic effects were investigated by employing in vivo CAM assay of fertilized hen eggs.

Results:

Pyr-3 affected cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, all concentrations of SKF-96365 significantly reduced cell viability in all cell lines. Pyr-3 and SKF-96365 at concentrations of 2.5 µg/pellet and 50 µg/pellet, respectively inhibited in vivo angiogenesis significantly.

Conclusion:

The concentration of 2.5 µg/pellet caused no irritation, whereas 50 µg/pellet produced some slight irritation. Apart from their anti-cancer effects, our findings indicate that Pyr-3 and SKF-96365 may be promising anti-angiogenic agents for the treatment of angiogenesis-related disorders.
Lymphocytic Esophagitis: A Case Series of Esophageal Disease with
Increasing Frequency
Authors: Tahan Veysel , Yousef Mohamad , Chela Harleen , Ertugrul Hamza , Albarrak Abdulmajeed , Basar Omer , Pasha Syed , Mousa Yousef , Al Juboori Alhareth , Frazier Shellaine , Daglilar Ebubekir
Published: January 2023

Background:

Lymphocytic esophagitis (LE) is a poorly understood clinical finding that
has been increasingly identified in the last decade. Previous studies proposed increased frequency
of LE in elderly females, as well as associations with smoking and pediatric Crohn’s disease.

Objective:

We aimed to determine the patient characteristics and clinical features of our adult LE
patients. As inflammation in the esophagus has been linked to cancer, this review also describes
this association. However, there are no reported cases of malignant transformation in those with
underlying lymphocytic esophagitis.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed records for patients at the University of Missouri Hospital-
Columbia (located in the USA) who had a histopathological diagnosis of LE. Cases of LE were
identified using the pathology reporting system at the University of Missouri Hospital for esophageal
biopsy specimens for the above-mentioned period.

Results:

The data of a total of 20 adult cases with esophageal biopsy specimens consistent with LE were included.

Conclusions:

LE seems to be a benign but disturbing clinical problem and should be remembered
in elderly females complaining of dysphagia or refractory reflux symptoms. It has similar endoscopic
findings of eosinophilic esophagitis with rings and esophagitis. Smoking and hiatal hernia
are common risk factors. The majority of LE patients can respond to proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
therapy. Endoscopic dilations and steroid therapy should be considered for PPI nonresponder LE
patients.
Strategies, Synthesis, and Applications of Metal-Organic Framework Materials
Authors: Li Zuo-Xi , Guo Chunxian
Published: January 2023

 Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), as one type of famous porous material
with many advantages (good crystallinity, design ability, facile modification and
flexibility), show a wide range of applications in gas adsorption and separation, ion
exchange, fluorescent recognition, nonlinear optics, molecular magnets and
ferroelectrics, heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductors, and so on. The research of
MOFs span many disciplines, such as inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry,
coordination chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, crystal engineering and materials
science. The design, synthesis, and applications of MOFs have attracted tremendous
attention in broad scientific areas. Therefore, it is worth releasing a professional
publication to elucidate so many related issues. In this chapter, we start with the
introduction of MOFs, including the definition, classification, concepts, terminologies,
and some well-known research. Then we carefully summarize the design and synthesis
of MOFs from three aspects of raw materials, synthetic methods, and design strategy,
aiming to get the goal of controllable syntheses of MOFs. Following this, we report the
developments and applications of MOF materials in adsorption and separation, organic
catalysis, luminescence, and drug delivery. Finally, we briefly outline challenges and
perspectives of MOF materials, and provide some promising research subjects in this
area.
Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Structures for Biomass Upgrading
Authors: Wu Yushan , Xu Yanfei , Qin Chuan , Ding Mingyue
Published: January 2023

Biomass valorization is receiving increasing attention over the past years with the consumption of traditional fossil fuels as well as the deterioration of the global environment. The transformation of biomass into highly value-added chemicals and important feedstocks will be of keen interest and great impact. The conversion process of biomass requires efficient and durable catalysts with high selectivity and stable structures. This chapter focuses on the employment of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), MOF composites (metal, metal oxide, or polyoxometalates combined with MOFs), and MOF-derived materials (carbon, carbon-supported metal or metal oxide by using MOF as precursors) as solid catalysts for the upgrading of biomass into important fine chemicals. First, we will give a short introduction of biomass and MOFs, and then the brief biomass valorization reactions by MOFs and MOF-based catalysts based on the types of substrates. The last segment is summary of the state of the art, challenges, as well as prospects of MOFs and MOFs-derived structures for biomass transformation.
Applications of physics-informed neural networks for property characterization of complex materials
Authors: Lee Sangmin , Popovics John
Published: January 2023

The characterization of in-place material properties is important for quality control and condition assessment of the built infrastructure. Although various methods have been developed to characterize structural materials in situ, many suffer limitations and cannot provide complete or desired characterization, especially for inhomogeneous and complex materials such as concrete and rock. Recent advances in machine learning and artificial neural networks (ANN) can help address these limitations. In particular, physics-informed neural networks (PINN) portend notable advantages over traditional physics-based or purely data-driven approaches. PINN is a particular form of ANN, where physics-based equations are embedded within an ANN structure in order to regularize the outputs during the training process. This paper reviews the fundamentals of PINN, notes its differences from traditional ANN, and reviews applications of PINN for selected material characterization tasks. A specific application example is presented where mechanical wave propagation data are used to characterize in-place material properties. Ultrasonic data are obtained from experiments on long rod-shaped mortar and glass samples; PINN is applied to these data to extract inhomogeneous wave velocity data, which can indicate mechanical material property variations with respect to length.
Development of the play-based model on volley ball basic techniques for junior high school
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin , Setiawan Iwan , Apriana Sanga Dwi Dicky Reva
Published: January 2023

This study aims to develop a play-based learning model for basic volleyball techniques and to assess the effectiveness of the volleyball basic technique learning through the approach in improving the learning outcomes on volleyball subject in the juniour high school. The research type was research and development which adopted the 10-step theory of Borg and Gall.. This study used both qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The study designed employed a pretest-posttest control group design to determine the initial abilities of the experimental group and the control group. The significant test of the effectiveness of the basic technique according to play-based volleyball learning model waas rigidly determined by using the t-test. Prior to data analysis, the results of the increase in the experimental group and the control group (n = 40) in the volleyball basics technique were tested for normality using the real level = 0.05.. The results of this study indicate a significant value for the experimental group data of 0.13 and the control group data of 0.09. Because the significant value of the two groups is greater than 0.05, the overall data for the study group is normally distributed. The effectiveness test of the basic techniques of volleyball used the t-test with t count 10.524 and t table 2.024. Accordingly, the basic volleyball techniques of the experimental group was more effective than that of the control group. Junior high school students are thus given an effective and efficient play-based model for learning fundamental volleyball skills.
Estadística utilizada en tesis doctorales de ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte
Authors: Lozada-Medina Jesús León , Padilla-Alvarado José Rafael , Cortina-Nuñez Manuel de Jesús , Baldayo-Sierra Manuel
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La aplicación de pruebas y técnicas estadísticas es necesaria para la comprobación de las hipótesis surgidas ante los objetivos de la producción científica en las áreas afines a la Actividad Física (AF) y el Deporte. Objetivo: del estudio fue determinar las estadísticas aplicadas para las tesis doctorales en ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Metodología: Se examinaron 44 trabajos de los repositorios públicos de tres universidades de habla hispana. Resultados: se observa un equilibrio en el uso de pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas (38,6% y 40,9% respectivamente), el 20,5% restante aplicaron ambos tipos de pruebas. Para las pruebas paramétricast la t student (23,3%), ANOVA (23,3%) y la R de Pearson (12,3%) destacan como las de mayor uso. Las técnicas de las pruebas no paramétricas más aplicadas la U de Mann Whitney (18,6%), Wilcoxon (16,3%), Chi cuadrado (15,1%) y Alpha de Cronbach (10,5%). Conclusiones: Se observó que las técnicas estadísticas usadas se inclinan a la comparación de medidas y a establecer asociación o correlaciones. Estos hallazgos sugieren el estudio en profundidad de dichas técnicas estadísticas.
Sensing Psychological Well-being Using Social Media Language: Prediction Model Development Study
Authors: Han Nuo , Li Sijia , Huang Feng , Wen Yeye , Wang Xiaoyang , Liu Xiaoqian , Li Linyan , Zhu Tingshao
Published: January 2023

Background

Positive mental health is arguably increasingly important and can be revealed, to some extent, in terms of psychological well-being (PWB). However, PWB is difficult to assess in real time on a large scale. The popularity and proliferation of social media make it possible to sense and monitor online users’ PWB in a nonintrusive way, and the objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of using social media language expression as a predictor of PWB.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the predictive power of social media corresponding to ground truth well-being data in a psychological way.

Methods

We recruited 1427 participants. Their well-being was evaluated using 6 dimensions of PWB. Their posts on social media were collected, and 6 psychological lexicons were used to extract linguistic features. A multiobjective prediction model was then built with the extracted linguistic features as input and PWB as the output. Further, the validity of the prediction model was confirmed by evaluating the model's discriminant validity, convergent validity, and criterion validity. The reliability of the model was also confirmed by evaluating the split-half reliability.

Results

The correlation coefficients between the predicted PWB scores of social media users and the actual scores obtained using the linguistic prediction model of this study were between 0.49 and 0.54 (P<.001), which means that the model had good criterion validity. In terms of the model’s structural validity, it exhibited excellent convergent validity but less than satisfactory discriminant validity. The results also suggested that our model had good split-half reliability levels for every dimension (ranging from 0.65 to 0.85; P<.001).

Conclusions

By confirming the availability and stability of the linguistic prediction model, this study verified the predictability of social media corresponding to ground truth well-being data from the perspective of PWB. Our study has positive implications for the use of social media to predict mental health in nonprofessional settings such as self-testing or a large-scale user study.
Readiness of Health Care Professionals in Singapore to Teach Online and Their Technology-Related Teaching Needs: Quantitative Cross-sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Lee Jason Wen Yau , Bello Fernando
Published: January 2023

Background

With the increasing acceptance of face-to-face classes transitioning to web-based learning due to COVID-19, there is an increasing need to have educators trained and equipped to teach online. The ability to teach in-person may not necessarily mean that one is ready teach in a web-based environment.

Objective

The objective of our study was to investigate the readiness of health care professionals in Singapore to teach online and their technology-related teaching needs.

Methods

This was a quantitative cross-sectional pilot study conducted among health care administrative staff and professionals in medicine, nursing, allied health, and dentistry. Participants were recruited via an open invitation email to all staff members of Singapore’s largest group of health care institutions. Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire. Differences in the readiness of the professionals to teach online were analyzed using analysis of variance, and a 1-sided independent sample t test was performed to analyze the differences between respondents younger than 40 years and those older than 41 years.

Results

A total of 169 responses was analyzed. Full-time academic faculty members scored the highest for readiness to teach online (2.97), followed by nursing professionals (2.91), medicine professionals (2.88), administrative staff members (2.83), and allied health professionals (2.76). However, there was no statistically significant difference (P=.77) among all the respondents in their readiness to teach online. There was an agreement among all professionals in their need for software tools to teach; in particular, there was a significant difference in the software needs among the professionals for streaming videos (P=.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the readiness to teach online between those younger than 40 years and those older than 41 years (P=.48).

Conclusions

Our study shows that there are still some gaps in terms of readiness to teach online among health care professionals. Our findings can be used by policy makers and faculty developers to identify opportunities for development among their educators so that they are ready to teach online with the appropriate software tools.
Smart Glasses for Supporting Distributed Care Work: Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Zhan , Bai Enze , Joy Karen , Ghelaa Partth Naressh , Adelgais Kathleen , Ozkaynak Mustafa
Published: January 2023

Background

Over the past 2 decades, various desktop and mobile telemedicine systems have been developed to support communication and care coordination among distributed medical teams. However, in the hands-busy care environment, such technologies could become cumbersome because they require medical professionals to manually operate them. Smart glasses have been gaining momentum because of their advantages in enabling hands-free operation and see-what-I-see video-based consultation. Previous research has tested this novel technology in different health care settings.

Objective

The aim of this study was to review how smart glasses were designed, used, and evaluated as a telemedicine tool to support distributed care coordination and communication, as well as highlight the potential benefits and limitations regarding medical professionals’ use of smart glasses in practice.

Methods

We conducted a literature search in 6 databases that cover research within both health care and computer science domains. We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology to review articles. A total of 5865 articles were retrieved and screened by 3 researchers, with 21 (0.36%) articles included for in-depth analysis.

Results

All of the reviewed articles (21/21, 100%) used off-the-shelf smart glass device and videoconferencing software, which had a high level of technology readiness for real-world use and deployment in care settings. The common system features used and evaluated in these studies included video and audio streaming, annotation, augmented reality, and hands-free interactions. These studies focused on evaluating the technical feasibility, effectiveness, and user experience of smart glasses. Although the smart glass technology has demonstrated numerous benefits and high levels of user acceptance, the reviewed studies noted a variety of barriers to successful adoption of this novel technology in actual care settings, including technical limitations, human factors and ergonomics, privacy and security issues, and organizational challenges.

Conclusions

User-centered system design, improved hardware performance, and software reliability are needed to realize the potential of smart glasses. More research is needed to examine and evaluate medical professionals’ needs, preferences, and perceptions, as well as elucidate how smart glasses affect the clinical workflow in complex care environments. Our findings inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of smart glasses that will improve organizational and patient outcomes.
J-C Public Signs Contrast and Translation
Authors: Song Xiangjing
Published: January 2023

Public signs are special texts that are common in public places. And functions of them are to provide information or to remind readers of some requirements. As China strengthens exchanges with other countries in economy and culture, the translation of public signs was born at the right moment. The public sign translation is an important link in building a harmonious society, establishing an international metropolis and promoting economic development. Nowadays, the translation of English signs in China tends to be mature, but there are still many mistranslation and misinterpretation of Japanese signs. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the research progress and contrast of Chinese and Japanese public signs.
Análisis de la participación de la comunidad local en el proceso de valoración del patrimonio industrial minero de Lota (1997-2021)
Authors: Ganchala Sebastian , López-Meza María Isabel
Published: January 2023

This research addresses the process to enhance Lota’s industrial mining heritage, in the period between the Labor Reconversion Plan of 1997 and Lota Mining Complex’s application to UNESCO’s Tentative List at the beginning of 2021. This period allowed studying a series of strategies implemented by the State together with other actors, as well as understanding the involvement of the community in the commune’s revitalization process. The purpose of the research was to analyze these strategies, to make a comparison regarding the prevailing purposes and uses for each type of actor, according to the hypotheses and paradigms on the social uses of cultural heritage. To do this, the Critical Discourse Analysis approach and tools were applied to different documentary sources. The heritage valuation strategies and actions that emerge from the closure of the mines in Lota, were initially developed top-down, starting from the authorities. However, throughout the heritage valuation process, a series of instances are established where the local community begins to influence the comprehensive management of the site's components. In this way, the results of the research reveal a trend toward a horizontal relationship between the different actors involved in the safeguarding process, from a participatory approach that contemplates the involvement of the local community.
Cierre de apéndice auricular en fibrilación auricular y alto riesgo de sangrado: serie de casos
Authors: Pugliese Isabella , Perafán Pablo , Llanos-Leyton Natalia , Martinez Heidi , Vesga Carlos , Amaya Pablo
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN:
La fibrilación auricular aumenta 5 veces el riesgo de un ataque cerebrovascular de origen cardioembólico. La anticoagulación está indicada para prevención primaria y secundaria de embolismo cerebral. En pacientes con alto riesgo de sangrado no modificable se ha propuesto el cierre de apéndice auricular izquierdo como alternativa a la anticoagulación.

MÉTODOS:
Serie de casos retrospectiva de pacientes incluidos en el registro ReACTIVE entre los años 2019 y 2020 con diagnóstico de fibrilación auricular, puntaje de CHA2DS2-VASc ? 4, HAS BLED ? 3 y contraindicación de terapia anticoagulante a largo plazo. Se incluyeron variables demográficas, factores de riesgo, desenlace clínico usando la escala de Rankin modificado y se hizo seguimiento clínico a 3 meses después del procedimiento.

RESULTADOS:
Se incluyeron 6 pacientes, el 50 % de ellos mujeres, con mediana de edad de 80,8 ± 4,8 años. El 83,3 % presentó antecedente de sangrado mayor bajo consumo de anticoagulantes. En el seguimiento a 90 días, ningún paciente experimentó sangrado ni ataque cerebrovascular, un paciente murió por causas no cardiovasculares, en tanto que el 83,3 % de los pacientes tuvieron un Rankin modificado favorable (0-2).

CONCLUSIONES:
El cierre de apéndice auricular es una opción terapéutica en pacientes con fibrilación auricular y contraindicación para anticoagulación por alto riesgo de sangrado. Nuestra serie obtuvo resultados similares a los publicados a escala nacional a pesar de incluir pacientes con edad más avanzada. La conformación de equipos interdisciplinarios de corazón y cerebro es útil en la selección de pacientes para esta terapia.
Afasia primaria progresiva y sus variantes: diagnóstico, evolución, características imagenológicas y manejo
Authors: Montoya Bedoya Sofia , Campuzano Cortina Sofia , Gómez Ruiz Isabela , Suárez Escudero Juan Camilo
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN:
Las demencias son un conjunto de trastornos neurocognitivos, en personas con edad menor a 65 años sobresale la demencia frontotemporal, síndrome neurodegenerativo heterogéneo que tiene dos grandes variantes: conductual y afasia primaria progresiva. En esta última se describen tres variantes: no fluente, semántica y logopénica, que exigen en la práctica conocimientos actualizados para su diferenciación y comprensión. El objetivo de este escrito es hacer una revisión narrativa sobre las tres variantes clínicas de la afasia primaria progresiva, profundizando en diagnóstico, evolución, características imagenológicas y manejo.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:
Artículo de revisión narrativa a partir del estado del arte en literatura biomédica sobre demencia frontotemporal, afasia primaria progresiva y sus variantes.

RESULTADOS:
El compromiso del lenguaje y de otras funciones cognitivas, así como los hallazgos imagenológicos, son heterogéneos en las tres variantes. Semiológicamente, la afasia primaria progresiva no fluente se caracteriza por apraxia del habla, la variante logopénica por fallas en la nominación y la variante semántica por fallas en el significado del mensaje. El compromiso imagenológico en la afasia primaria progresiva no fluente es más frontoinsular y corticosubcortical; en la variante semántica es habitualmente temporal del lado dominante; y en la variante logopénica priman alteraciones temporoparietales. No hay tratamiento específico, pero se puede vincular algunas opciones farmacológicas con procesos/técnicas de rehabilitación del lenguaje.

CONCLUSIÓN:
Si bien se trata de una forma heterogénea de demencia, tiene características clínicas (síntomas, signos y evolución) e imagenológicas importantes a la hora de su detección y diagnóstico en ambientes clínicos.
Modern Language Policy: Theory and Practice
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the RAS, Ronghui Zhao ,   China center for language planning and policy studies (CCLPPS)
Published: January 2023

The international joint research presents the general principles of modern approaches for investigating the language policy of multi-ethnic countries in general and the Russian Federation in particular, analyzes the specific features of the language policy and language legislation of the Russian Federation and foreign countries. Particular attention is paid to various aspects of modern language planning in the post-Soviet space, including the analysis of language functioning in international organizations, in social networks, as well as in the context of the language competition and national security issues. A separate chapter is devoted to the experience of implementing the language policy of multi-ethnic countries in relation to urban space.
Languages of Dagestan: Threats, Challenges, Prospects
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and Art named after Gamzat Tsadasa of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ataev Boris M.
Published: January 2023

In the era of general globalization, it becomes very urgent to solve such an important scientific and humanitarian problem as a comprehensive analysis of modern linguistic life in the post-Soviet multi-ethnic space and forecasting the development of events in this area. The aim of the article is to consider modern ethno-linguistic processes in the Republic of Dagestan, which are taking shape in the circumstances of the weakening of the positions of national languages. National languages are rarely used in communication at the family level. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the language situation are determined as a starting point. The necessary conditions for the survival of national languages with different social status are identified and the prospects for their coexistence with the languages of more numerous peoples are predicted. The problems associated with the language policy are investigated, the reasons for the process of the disappearance of minority languages are analyzed, and a set of measures is proposed for the preservation and development of the Dagestan languages. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to adopt a special state program for the preservation, development and functioning of the languages of Dagestan.
On Standardization of Russian Geographical Names in Japan
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Rufova Elena S.
Published: January 2023

This article deals with the problem of standardization of Russian geographical names in Japan. The relevance of the study is due to the need for correct transfer of phonetic, semantic and written forms of Russian toponyms into Japanese, not only for use in guidebooks, tourist booklets and websites, but also for the exact location of the geographical object. The texts of Japanese tourist websites JTB (Japan Tourist Bureau), H.I.S., KNT (Kinki Nippon Tourist) were used as research material. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that Russian place names are considered for the first time in the context of the standardization of toponyms in Japan, the difficulties of transferring Russian toponyms into Japanese are revealed. The study reveals different spellings of Russian place names in the texts of Japanese tourist websites when transmitting voiced/deaf consonant, voiceless vowels, softness of the consonant, which can lead to misunderstanding, and is an important component of international communication and understanding of different cultures.
The Urban Space of Krasnoyarsk in Discourse for “Ours” and “Others” in Russia-based Media Texts in Russian and English
Authors:   HSE St. Petersburg, Kolmogorova Anastasia V. , Melnikova Marina I. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: January 2023

The urban space of the city is an important semiotic object, which finds its embodiment not only in visual texts (for example, maps), but also in verbal articles in Russian and foreign media, where it becomes the object of discursive modeling. The material for our research was articles dedicated to the city of Krasnoyarsk, published in the period from 2014 to 2020 in domestic media, addressed to both Russian and foreign readers. The conducted discursive analysis with elements of qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that in the discourse of Russian–language media, the urban space of Krasnoyarsk undergoes a certain “zoning”: there is a center and it is the best place of the city, the quintessence of its “spirit” and atmosphere; there are iconic places that become an element of the branding of the city; but there are also sleeping areas, the image of which is axiologically it is regulated relative to the binary mythologically– based opposition “living (nature) — inanimate (concrete bags)”: “living” areas are evaluated positively, “inanimate” — negatively. In general, the discursive construction of urban space is quite heavily mythologized by relying on binary oppositions that make up the essence of mythological thinking. In the English−language discourse — “for others” — urban space is constructed formally - its object is several brand elements and so-called “infrastructures”.
The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption and value relevance
Authors: Al-Refiay Hussen Amran Naji , Al-Shaikh Sinan Salem Kasim , Abdulhussein Azher Subhi
Published: January 2023

This research examines the impact of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on value relevance (VR). It is reported that most previous studies that address value relevance relationships with the IFRS have found conflicting results. For example, a reduction in VR in the US but it enhances in most reviewed studies (Gao et al., 2022). According to the findings, the impact of implementing IFRS varies from country to country. In the UK, the IFRS adoption has decreased the book value (BV) while in France and Germany, has increased. After adopting IFRS during the financial crisis, the findings also suggest that the VR has fallen in these nations. All financial institutions trading on the stock markets of these three nations serve as a sample for this study. Quantitative methods are used to collect data for this study, while SPSS is used for statistical analysis. The data was analysed prior to IFRS (2000–2004), for the global financial crisis of 2008, and later IFRS (2006–2015). This study adds to accounting knowledge by analysing the results of IFRS adoption throughout the time frames. In addition, it helps accounting standards setters and policymakers in developing IFRS quality and establishing related policies.
Cholera outbreak in Malawi: Empirical assessment and lessons learnt
Authors: Nazir Abubakar , Shariff Sanobar , Kantawala Burhan , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Oseili Taha , UWISHEMA Olivier
Published: January 2023

Malawi’s deadliest cholera outbreak in two decades has killed over 643
people as the illness spread across the country’s entire southeastern
region. According to estimates, roughly one-third of Malawi’s safe water
sources are inoperable. According to reports, all shallow wells in
Malawi, particularly those near oceans that frequently rain, are tainted
with feces. Cholera detection relies mainly on the clinical
identification of cases presenting with watery diarrhea with a confirmed
positive culture test or a positive polymerase chain reaction. There are
three oral cholera vaccines as follows; Dukoral ®, Shanchol
, and Euvichol-Plus ® which are administered in two
doses.
Druggable site near the upper vestibule determines the high affinity and P2X3 selectivity of Sivopixant, a clinical candidate for refractory chronic cough
Authors: Wang Dong-Ping , Zhang Meng , Li Ming , Yang Xiao-Na , Li Chang-Zhu , Cao Peng , Zhu Michael , Tian Yun , Yu Ye , Lei Yun-Tao
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose: The ionotropic purinergic trimeric receptor P2X3
is a new drug target other than the opioid receptor for the treatment of
refractory chronic cough (RCC). However, the only marketed P2X3
antagonist, Gefapixant/AF-219, has a side effect of taste disorders due
to simultaneous action on the human P2X2/3 (hP2X2/3) heterotrimer.
Therefore, selective molecules with high affinity for the hP2X3
homotrimer and low affinity for the hP2X2/3 heterotrimer have potential
in iteration 2.0 RCC drug development, such as Sivopixant/S-600918, a
clinical phase II RCC candidate with lower taste disturbance than
Gefapixant. S-600918 and its analogue
(3-(4-((3-chloro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)amino)-3-(4-methylbenzyl)-2,6-dioxo-3,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazin-1(2H)-yl)propanoic
acid (DDTPA) exhibit both high affinity and high selectivity for hP2X3
homotrimers compared to hP2X2/3 heterotrimer. The mechanism of its
druggable site and this high selectivity is not clear. Experimental
Approach: Here, we reveal a novel allosteric mechanism that
distinguishes this drug candidate from other P2X3 inhibitors through
chimera construction, site covalent occupation, metadynamics,
mutagenesis, and electrophysiology. Key Results: We suggest that the
tri-symmetric site adjacent to the upper vestibule determines the high
affinity and selectivity of S-600918/DDTPA for hP2X3. Only four amino
acids of the hP2X2 upper body domain swapped with hP2X3, allow the
hP2X2/3 heterotrimer to gain comparable affinity for S-600918/DDTPA as
the hP2X3 homotrimer. Conclusion and Implications: Thus, we have
revealed the molecular basis for the cough suppressive effects and
reduced side effects of new RCC clinical candidates from the perspective
of receptor-ligand recognition, which may provide information critical
for the development of new drugs targeting P2X3 for indications such as
RCC, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and primary hypertension.
Microbial redox cycling enhances ecosystem thermodynamic efficiency and productivity
Authors: Seto Mayumi , Kondoh Michio
Published: January 2023

Microbial life in an ecosystem with low energy supply has been
considered to employ two energy utilization strategies. The first is
energy conservation at an individual level, while the second is energy
use optimization in response to the availability of energy resources.
Here, using an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction network model where
microbial metabolic pathways are established through multiple
species-level competition and cooperation within a redox reaction
network, we hypothesize that microbial ecosystems can move forward to
increase energy use efficiency, namely an energy efficiency strategy at
the community level. This strategy is supported by microbial functional
diversity that enables species to interact with others in various ways
of metabolic handoffs. Moreover, the high energy use efficiency is
attributable to the mutualistic division of labor that increases the
complexity of metabolic pathways, which actively drives material cycling
to exploit more energy.
Perceived Challenges in Inclusive Education: An Exploratory Study of Primary Schools in Pakistan
Authors: Virani Zubaida , Ali Naina Hassan
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the challenges perceived by teachers towards inclusive education in primary schools in Pakistan. It also highlighted the importance of parental involvement in promoting inclusive education. Despite promises, the local government seems to have failed to provide equal access to education for all children in Pakistan. Among various hindrances, negative attitudes of the public, particularly among teachers and parents towards inclusive education can be considered the most significant deterrents to inclusive education in primary schools in Pakistan. Using an exploratory qualitative research design, in-depth interviewswere conducted with primary school teachers (n = 15 selected purposively) and parents (n = 5 selected purposively) having children with special needs. Having a pre-decided inclusion criterion, schools were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The findings of the study reveal that a successful inclusive education setup requires proper comprehension of inclusive education and diversified learning needs, responsible school management, and enhanced parent-teacher relationship. Schools are recommended to conduct awareness programmes for inclusive educational setups. There is also the need for teachers’ training programmes to address the need for inclusive education in society.
Improvement in the transverse dimension of dental arches in mixed dentition patients with posterior crossbite treated with functional therapy
Authors: Tortarolo Alessandro , di Benedetto Laura , Tonni Ingrid , Tepedino Michele , Vallelonga Teresa , Piancino Maria Grazia
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the effects of treatment of posterior crossbite (PXB) in the mixed dentition with the Function Generating Bite (FGB) appliance on the transverse dimension of the dental arches.

Materials and Methods

This study included 84 PXB patients (female = 46; male = 38; mean age, 8.2 ± 1.8 years) and 69 control (C) patients (female = 31; male = 38; mean age, 8.9 ± 1.4 years). Measurements were taken with digital calipers on maxillary and mandibular study casts before (T0) and after (T1) treatment for the following measures: intermolar (IMD), intermolar gingival (IMGD), intercanine (ICD), and intercanine gingival distances (ICGD).

Results

At T0, there was a significant difference in all maxillary measurements between the PXB and C groups (P < .001), reflecting maxillary hypoplasia in PXB patients. At T1, there was no difference between the groups. In PXB patients, the mean increase between T0 and T1 for IMD was 4.34 ± 2.42 mm; this difference measured 3.51 ± 2.19 mm for IMGD, 2.78 ± 2.37 mm for ICS, and 1.89 ± 1.7 mm for ICGD. There was no significant difference in mandibular measurements between groups at T0 and T1.

Conclusions

Functional therapy with FGB is effective in significantly increasing the transverse dimension of the maxillary dental arch in PXB patients. Considering its efficacy in treating masticatory dysfunction, FGB may be considered a good treatment option for the correction of PXB in growing children.
The comparative efficacy and safety of basiliximab and antithymocyte globulin in deceased donor kidney transplantation: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Hong Su Yeon , Kim Young Soo , Jin Kyubok , Han Seungyeup , Yang Chul Woo , Chung Byung Ha , Park Woo Yeong
Published: January 2023

Background: Generally, an induction agent is chosen based on the conditions of the deceased donor and the recipient. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) is preferred in relatively high-risk conditions. No clear evidence indicates which induction agent is safer or more efficient for deceased donor kidney transplantation (DDKT). This study compares the efficacy and safety of basiliximab (BSX) and ATG according to donor characteristics in DDKT. Methods: A total of 724 kidney transplant recipients from three transplant centers were enrolled, and propensity score matching was performed. Based on a donor age of 60 years, donor kidney with acute kidney injury (AKI), and Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) score of 65%, we investigated how the choice of induction therapy agent affected the posttransplant clinical outcomes of delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR), infectious complications, and allograft and patient survival. Results: AR and DGF did not differ significantly according to induction agent in elderly/young donor, AKI/non-AKI, and high-KDPI/low-KDPI subgroups. The infection rate did not show meaningful differences. The differences in death-censored allograft survival and patient survival rates between induction agents were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Our study suggests that BSX can produce clinical outcomes similarly favorable to those of ATG even in DDKT cases with relatively poor donor conditions. Nonetheless, the donor and recipient conditions, immunological risk, and infection risk must be all taken into consideration when choosing an induction agent. Therefore, clinicians should carefully select the induction therapy agent for DDKT based on the risks and benefits in each DDKT case.
Edukasi Pengisian SPT Tahunan kepada WajibPajak UMKM Tahun Pajak 2020 untuk menghidari adanya Tax Avoidence di wilayah KPP Pratama Sukoharjo
Authors: Mujiyati Mujiyati , Abdul Aris M. , Pambudi Istighfarany Aishwarya Salma , Farizky Aisyah Chairunnisa Fatihah , Wulandari Dwi
Published: January 2023

Dirjen pajak telah menerbitkan Peraturan Nomor PER-02/PJ/2019 tentang Tata Cara Penyampaian, Penerimaan dan Pengolahan Surat Pemberitahuan secara online melalui e-filing.  E-filing merupakan layanan pengiriman atau penyampaian Surat Pemberitahuan (SPT) tahunan PPh elektronik yang dilakukan secara online dan real time melalui internet. Dengan adanya e-filing wajib pajak dihimbau untuk melaporkan SPT Tahunan secara online atau e-filling. Namun realita di lapangan masih banyak pelaku UMKM belum memahami cara menyampaikan SPT Tahunan melalui e filing. Kendala lainnya adalah adanya antisipasi pencegahan penularan covid-19 di seluruh dunia. Tujuan edukasi kepada wajib pajak ini adalah agar wajib pajak tidak menghindar melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakan (tax avoidance). Oleh karena itu tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat melalu Tax Center UMS Surakarta bekerja sama   dengan   KPP Sukoharjo melakukan edukasi dan pendampingan dalam menyampaikan SPT Tahunan melalui e filing bagi UMKM di masa Pandemi Covid-19 Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah pengusaha UMKM yang ada di wilyayah KPP Sukoharjo