bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding spices and herbs as source food of potassium (macromineral): How does the cooking method influence it?
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Firda Prasetyo Aghnaita , Furqonia Annisaa Wulida , Majid Hazreen Abdul
Published: January 2025

Population studies reported that most of the world's population consume an amount of potassium that falls below the recommended intake levels. The most prominent source of potassium are fruits, vegetables, and nuts. However, there is still limited study that shows spices and herbs (SH) contain high potassium. Potassium is a nutrient that is intimately linked to diet quality; however, the cooking process of SH frequently results in a reduction of its nutrient. This study is a literature review based on an electronic database concerning the nutritional content and the effect of cooking on the content of macromineral’s in SH. The data presented in this study were derived from Indonesian and United States food composition databases. The study found that SH mostly contains potassium in the category of medium to very high, as well as low sodium. The highest potassium content is found in turmeric, which is 2,080 mg/100 g. SH have long been used for culinary and medicinal purposes that require cooking methods, although the cooking process (dry heat cooking and moist heat cooking) affects the micromineral content in SH, especially moist heat cooking (steaming, blanching, and boiling), which significantly reduces potassium content. A comprehensive review of the extant literature in the field has confirmed that SH contains high potassium content and cooking process can decrease its potassium content. It is necessary to conduct further experimental research to prove potassium content of SH and the effect of other cooking processes on macromineral content in SH.
Identification and characterization of peat soils using a physiographic approach at semi-detailed scale: a case study in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sukarman Sukarman , Sulaeman Yiyi , Yatno Edi , Gani Rachmat Abdul , Minasny Budiman
Published: January 2025

Understanding peatland coverage and characteristics is essential for improved utilization and conservation efforts. Peatlands in Bangka Belitung Islands, Sumatra, are under threat of illegal mining activities. Creating detailed maps is challenging in Indonesia amid low accessibility, yet the physiographic approach provides an alternative strategy in peatland map provision. This research aims to update peat data in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, create peat soil maps at a scale of 1:50,000, and estimate peat soil carbon stocks. This research started with a base map using a 1:50,000 scale, surveyed and sampled the soil on transects perpendicular to the river, analyzed the samples in the laboratory, and created a peat soil map. Compared with the existing map, the new map improves land unit attributes and peat characteristics as well as improves delineation results. Results show that peat soils cover 24,311 hectares, mostly distributed in Central Bangka and South Bangka Regencies, with depths varying between 50 to < 300 cm. Shallow peats dominate with an area of 13,668 hectares (56.22%). The estimated carbon stock contained in peat is 11.6 million tons C. The peat soils are Organosol Saprik, Organosol Hemik, and Organosol Sulfidik. The soils are acidic with low exchangeable cations and base saturation. The study highlights that deep peat soils under bushes and shrubs should be conserved for forests or reforested. Detailed spatial information on peatlands is useful for policymakers related to local peat soils planning and management.
Surgery for Olecranon Fractures in the Elderly (SOFIE)
Authors: Joshi Mithun A. , Le Michael , Campbell Ryan , Sivakumar Brahman , Limbers John , Harris Ian A. , Symes Michael
Published: January 2025

Background:

The financial and resource burden of management of olecranon fractures in the elderly is likely to increase with an aging population. There is limited evidence guiding treatment choice in this cohort. This study aimed to determine whether operative treatment of displaced olecranon fractures in elderly patients provides superior 12-month functional outcomes compared to nonoperative treatment.

Methods:

A multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted across 24 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. Patients aged ≥75 years presenting with an acute (within 14 days), displaced, closed, isolated olecranon fracture were included. Operative treatment involved reduction and stabilization using tension band wiring or plate fixation. Nonoperative treatment consisted of a sling for comfort and early movement as tolerated. The primary outcome was the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were the DASH score at 3 months and pain, quality of life, Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), active elbow range of motion, and complication rate at 3 and 12 months. Data were analyzed based on an intention-to-treat principle, with sensitivity analyses using as-treated groups.

Results:

Sixty participants were randomized, 27 to the operative group (mean age and standard deviation [SD], 83 ± 5.8 years; 22 [81%] females) and 33 to the nonoperative group (mean age, 82 ± 4.5 years; 23 [70%] females), with no significant difference in baseline characteristics. There was no significant difference (mean difference, −6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −14.9 to 1.8; p = 0.12) in the mean DASH scores at 12 months (the primary outcome) between the operative (12.3 ± 14) and nonoperative (18.9 ± 18) groups. Although active elbow extension was significantly superior in the operative group at 12 months, no other secondary outcome differed significantly between groups at 12 months.

Conclusions:

The study found no significant difference in DASH scores at 12 months between the operative and nonoperative groups. This supports nonoperative treatment as a reasonable option for displaced stable olecranon fractures in elderly patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Aplicación del marco de referencia de control interno COSO 2013 para la mejora del cumplimiento del proceso de trámite documentario en la Gerencia de Desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad Distrital de Echarati, Perú – 2023
Authors:   , Alagon Quispe Juan Diego Guillermo , Coloma Canela Maria del Rosario
Published: January 2025

Este estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la relación entre el marco de referencia de control interno COSO 2013 y la mejora del cumplimiento del proceso de trámite documentario en la Gerencia de Desarrollo Social de la Municipalidad Distrital de Echarati, Perú – 2023. La metodología, que se empleó fue no experimental de tipo descriptivo correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo. Se basó en un cuestionario aplicado a noventa y ocho (98) servidores públicos, el cual fue procesado en el software SPSS, del cual se obtuvo un valor de rho Spearman de (0.855) y un nivel de sig. igual a 0.000 < 0.05. Esto permitió concluir que el control interno COSO se relacione de modo significativo con la mejora del cumplimiento del proceso de trámite documentario en la Gerencia de Desarrollo Social.
Cooperative Optimization Design Method of Multitrajectory Profile in “Well Factory” for Oil and Gas Development
Authors: Wang Ge , Huang Wenjun , Gao Deli
Published: January 2025

A “well factory” refers to the arrangement of multiple or even a large number of similar wells on the same platform and the drilling and completion of these wells with standardized equipment and a similar operational approach. The well factory mode can effectively handle the challenges posed by complex terrains in oceans and mountainous areas and achieve economical and efficient development of oil and gas resources. Conventional studies mainly focus on the optimization of a single trajectory or the sequential optimization of multiple trajectories. However, there is a lack of cooperative optimization of multiple trajectories, making it difficult to obtain better design results for well trajectories of the well factory mode. Owing to the complicated interdependencies among the design variables of each trajectory (such as the kickoff point, target section length, well inclination, azimuth, and buildup rate), traditional methods struggle to directly address the cooperative optimization problem. This problem involves collaboration and interaction between different trajectories to achieve common objectives and enhance the overall optimization effectiveness. This study established a multitrajectory profile cooperative optimization design model with the objective of minimizing the overall drilling footage, trajectory complexity, trajectory similarity, and collision risk. Next, a cooperative coevolution (CC) approach was introduced and combined with a directed artificial bee colony (DABC) algorithm to develop a collaborative update strategy for multitrajectory optimization. Finally, the CC-DABC algorithm was tested, and a case study was conducted using the new design method. The results indicated that the new method could effectively handle multitrajectory profile cooperative optimization design for various well layouts, including single-layer, multilayer, and extremely small well-spacing scenarios. The CC-DABC algorithm significantly outperformed other combined algorithms in terms of optimization effectiveness, robustness, and overall search efficiency and exhibited excellent performance under small well spacing conditions. In the case study, the trajectories optimized with the new method had less drilling footage and smaller trajectory complexity than the original designs. Additionally, the anticollision risk and staggered arrangement of the kickoff points between adjacent wells effectively met the engineering requirements, demonstrating the application potential of this new method.
A Global Assessment of Regional Forest Carbon Leakage
Authors: Daigneault Adam , Sohngen Brent , Belair Ethan , Ellis Peter
Published: January 2025

Improved forest management (IFM) practices are recognized as high-impact, low-cost natural climate solutions. Unfortunately, leakage accounting often relies on limited analysis and ad hoc reasoning, leading to integrity concerns and underinvestment in IFM. This study proposes an alternative data-intensive, dynamic economic-ecological modeling approach with global applicability. Results show how leakage varies by IFM project type, location, timeframe, and implementation rate. Critically, we show that widely cited harvest or land leakage measures ignore complex forest dynamics and are a poor proxy for the more meaningful metric, carbon leakage. While harvest leakage is nearly always positive, some project designs can result in beneficial carbon spillovers. The study improves the evidence base for robust leakage quantification in IFM carbon projects, enabling more accurate accounting and ensuring credible climate benefits.
Hydrazone-based Photocages: A Novel Class for Precise Sub-Organelle Visualization and Cargo Release
Authors: Xie Lijun
Published: January 2025

Photocages are widely investigated for their potential in bioimaging, controlled drug release, and the modulation of cellular processes. Novel universal photoreactive groups (PRGs) can significantly expand the structural diversity of photocages. In this work, we developed a novel class of PRGs based on the classic aldehyde-hydrazone moiety by conjugating several fluorescent aldehydes with various substituted phenylhydrazines. The resulting aldehyde-hydrazone photocages, including five series of new photocages PC, TP, CM, BW and FY, underwent controlled degradation upon exposure to specific light wavelengths of 365-450 nm, releasing corresponding fluorescent aldehydes of pyrene, anthracene, perylene, cinnamaldehyde, and tetraphenylethylene (TPE). Their fluorescent enhancements, redshifts or blueshifts in fluorescence spectra were clearly observed. To further demonstrate the light-controlled feasibility of the synthesized photocages in the field of molecule release and sub-organelle targeting, morpholine-hydrazone based hybrid BW3MP was constructed for sub-organelle lysosome-specific imaging and cargo release of cargo unit MP. The photo-induced cleavage of the C=N bond, visualized in real time through fluorescence change during confocal imaging, demonstrates a high release efficiency of MP (75.5%, BW3MP). Taken together, our work holds significant promise for the advancement of novel drug delivery systems (DDSs).
Iterative variational learning of committor-consistent transition pathways using artificial neural networks
Authors: Chipot Christophe , Megías Alberto , Arredondo Sergio Contreras , Chen Giuseppe , Tang Chenyu , Roux Benoit
Published: January 2025

This contribution introduces a neural-network-based approach to discover meaningful transition pathways underlying complex biomolecular transformations in coherence with the committor function. The proposed path-committor-consistent artificial neural network (PCCANN) iteratively refines the transition pathway by aligning it to the gradient of the committor. This method addresses the challenges of sampling in molecular dynamics simulations rare events in high-dimensional spaces, which is often limited computationally. Applied to various benchmark potentials and biological processes such as peptide isomerization and protein-model folding, PCCANN successfully reproduces established dynamics and rate constants, while revealing bifurcations and alternate pathways. By enabling precise estimation of transition states and free-energy barriers, this approach provides a robust framework for enhanced-sampling simulations of rare events in complex biomolecular systems.
A new point of care diagnostic for the sensitive and specific diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury using a surface enhanced Raman scattering lateral flow immunoassay (SERS-LFIA)
Authors: Dear James , Sloan-Dennison Sian , Scullion Kathleen , Clark Benjamin , Fineran Paul , Mair Joanne , Laing Stacey , Shand Neil , Rathmell Cicely , Creasey David , Bingemann Dieter , Faircloth Jonathan , Zieg Mark , Weir Christopher , Faulds Karen , Graham Duncan
Published: January 2025

Paracetamol overdose (POD) is common, with approximately 100,000 cases attending hospital emergency departments in the UK annually. Early treatment with the antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is crucial for patients who are at risk of developing life-threatening acute liver failure. A rapid point-of-care (POC) assay is required to identify high-risk patients with fit-for-purpose sensitivity and specificity to facilitate early targeted NAC treatment. Here we demonstrate that measuring a circulating biomarker, cytokeratin-18 (K18), using a novel POC assay facilitates the rapid and accurate detection of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). To achieve this, a novel in vitro diagnostic medical device was developed to quantitatively detect serum K18. The device combines a Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) with a bespoke handheld Raman Reader (HRR) to produce quantitative surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The accuracy of the novel diagnostic was assessed in 2 performance evaluation studies using a total 199 serum samples from individuals following a POD. The device achieved diagnostic accuracy for DILI with a specificity of 94% and sensitivity of 82%. These data demonstrate that SERS-LFIA can rapidly identify patients who have DILI which potentially allows for individualised treatment pathways.
Altered surface behaviour in earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) under artificial light at night
Authors: Cai Jiaqing , Bennie Jonathan , Gaston Kevin J.
Published: January 2025

Artificial light at night (ALAN) has been spreading rapidly globally, disrupting animal physiology, behaviour, and associated ecosystem processes. However, impacts on soil-dwelling animals that are nocturnally active aboveground remain underexplored. Here, we examined these for the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L., an ecosystem engineer that frequently surfaces at night. We recorded four types of L. terrestris nighttime surface behaviour, including overall surface activity, and three finer categories: risk exploration before surfacing, foraging, and over-surface exploration. One experiment (controlled-temperature-room-based) tested these behavioural responses to seven ALAN levels, whilst another (field-based) investigated whether behavioural responses can consequently affect litter removal and soil respiration. In the controlled-temperature room, compared to darkness, L. terrestris significantly decreased their overall nighttime foraging at ALAN levels of 10 lx and above, with these negative ALAN effect sizes increasing with light intensity. With more risk exploration before surfacing, L. terrestris still showed greatly reduced foraging activity at the 10 lx ALAN level in the field. However, such altered behaviour did not cause clear patterns in either litter removal or soil respiration. Our results confirm that 10 lx ALAN (or potentially lower) is effective in disrupting L. terrestris nighttime surface behaviour, but this may have limited impacts on the short-term C cycling.
Quantifying the amount of carbonate removed in bovine enamel after irradiating with 9.3 micron CO2 laser
Authors: Ramareddy Vijayashankar , Siegel David , Kerbage Charles
Published: January 2025

High power pulsed 9.3 µm CO2 laser irradiation at sub ablative fluences removes carbonate groups in Carbonated Hydroxyapatite (CHA) resulting in formation of pure Hydroxyapatite (HA) which is less soluble in acidic environments. The amount of carbonate removed was quantified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and a theory based on Arrhenius damage integral was applied to obtain activation energy for the laser mediated chemical reaction. We show Activation energy is 70 ± 10 kJ/mol and fluence corresponding to 50% carbonate removed is 0.84 J/cm2.
Urban Green Space Accessibility and its Spatial Relationship with Appearance Parameters, Surface Temperature and Heat Fluxes
Authors: ÜNSAL Ömer , AYATLI Başak , KUZULUGİL Ali Can
Published: January 2025

This study aims to assess the spatial distribution of urban green areas on a citywide scale, utilizing Moran's Index to analyze spatial correlations within the city center. The results indicate that green spaces are clustered, with a Moran's Index of 0.49 when analyzed by average integration value and 0.36 based on population distribution. Anselin Local Moran's I cluster analysis reveals that 12% of green areas in the Low-Low Cluster are co-located in regions accessed by a smaller population, while 23.3% in the High-High Cluster are located in areas accessed by a larger population. Hot-cold spot analysis determined the optimal fixed distance for urban green space to be 849.83 meters, with 29.4% of green areas having fewer than eight neighboring areas within this distance band. A similar analysis based on street integration identified 1661.15 meters as the ideal fixed distance. Furthermore, the study examines the influence of urban geometry on environmental factors by analyzing the effects of sky, building, and tree view factors (SVF, BVF, TVF) on surface temperature (LST) and heat fluxes (SHF, LHF). Notably, Heydar Aliyev Park exhibited high integration and vegetation-related values but lower LST and accessibility scores.
Nonlinear Seismic Response and Residual Drift Determination Combining Ground Acceleration Data with Recorded Videos
Authors: boroschek Ruben , Yeow Trevor , Kusunoki Koichi
Published: January 2025

While we can only instrument a small number of structures with traditional sensors, cities have become surrounded by video cameras that record response of whatever is in their field of view. In this paper we have a proof of concept that if we combine the seismic response data derived from video cameras with input obtained from accelerometers installed at ground level, the linear and nonlinear response of the structure can be estimated. We present an application and validation in a laboratory environment on a plane steel frame under varying shaking amplitudes. Linear and nonlinear responses are monitored using standard acceleration and displacement sensors and later compared with the displacements derived from videos using standard computer vision techniques. No targets were used to track key features in the structure. The comparison of computer vision derived displacements with the traditional sensor data gives excellent results with differences in displacement time histories of less than 1%. Later, the derived computer vision relative to ground displacements are used in parametric input-output system identification to estimate the evolution of the modal parameters as a function of response amplitude. For this case, the synchronized input from an inertial accelerometer is used. The result from this identification process is nearly identical to the ones obtained using the traditional acceleration sensors. To extend its use, double differentiation of the computer vision derived displacement is used to estimate accelerations in a reduced frequency band with practically no difference with acceleration records on the selected band. There are several advantages detected from combining standard sensors and computer vision techniques, like full space definition of possible monitoring points and limiting the distortion of acceleration records due to structural rotations and the possibility to obtain residual displacements. The methodology to obtain reliable displacement is presented together with the determination of varying modal property as a function of shaking intensity and damage level.
Environmental Impacts of Pacific White Shrimp Farming: Insights from Intensive and Chelating-Enhanced Systems
Authors: Santoso Arif Dwi , Shoiful Ahmad , Ihsan Iif Miftahul , Hanif Muhammad , Suharyadi Suharyadi , Admirasari Rahmania , Sani Agam Wira , Setyawan Agus
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the sustainability of Pacific white shrimp farming in two systems: intensive ponds and marine chelate (CM) ponds, by using a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. The analysis includes pond productivity, bacterial composition, environmental impact categories, and sensitivity analysis, with a focus on identifying improvement opportunities. Intensive ponds exhibited higher productivity due to advanced management practices but incurred significant environmental impacts, particularly in global warming potential and eutrophication, driven by electricity and feed usage. In contrast, CM ponds demonstrated lower productivity but presented more balanced environmental performance, highlighting their potential as sustainable alternatives. Microbiological assessments revealed distinct bacterial profiles between the two systems, with intensive ponds showing higher pathogenic bacterial loads due to nutrient-rich environments. In contrast, CM ponds maintained more stable microbial communities, fostering healthier cultivation conditions. Sensitivity analysis identified electricity and feed inputs as critical variables affecting environmental outcomes, emphasizing the importance of resource efficiency and sustainable feed formulations. Strategic recommendations were developed for stakeholders, including policymakers, researchers, and farmers. Governments are encouraged to promote renewable energy adoption and sustainable feed standards, while shrimp farmers should optimize feed use and improve water management practices. Researchers are directed to explore microbial community dynamics and innovative LCA approaches to improve further aquaculture sustainability. This study contributes to the understanding of environmental trade-offs in vannamei shrimp farming and offers actionable insights for achieving sustainable aquaculture practices. The findings underscore the need for integrative approaches to balance productivity and environmental stewardship, aligning with global sustainability goals.
A Systematic Review of Sustainable Renewable Energy Applications, Procedures, Challenges, and Limitations
Authors: Ferdous Zannatul , Barman Swapan Chandra
Published: January 2025

This study explores the limitations and future pathways for integrating renewable energy solutions, focusing on technical, economic, and environmental challenges. The primary objective is to identify barriers to renewable energy adoption, including energy storage inefficiencies, high initial costs, and environmental impacts, and propose recommendations to overcome them. Using a systematic literature review approach, the study employed keyword searching across academic databases with terms such as renewable energy limitations, energy storage technologies, and policy incentives. We had selected studies from 2020-2024 that focused on renewable energy challenges and solutions, while excluding articles unrelated to energy storage, economic factors, or policy recommendations.
The findings reveal that 60% of projects cite energy storage limitations, 70% highlight economic barriers, and 40% note environmental concerns due to the disposal of renewable energy materials. Lithium-ion batteries dominate energy storage but suffer from high costs and limited lifespans, while the high upfront investment remains a key economic hurdle, particularly in low-income regions. Environmental issues, such as harmful material disposal and fluctuating raw material prices, further hinder adoption.
The study acknowledges limitations, including reliance on secondary data and the focus on specific renewable technologies, which may not capture the full spectrum of regional variations. Despite these constraints, the findings emphasize the need for advanced storage technologies like hydrogen and thermal systems, subsidies to reduce costs, and enhanced recycling methods to mitigate environmental impacts.
Key recommendations include strengthening policy frameworks to incentivize green technology investments, fostering public-private partnerships for innovation, and advancing circular economy practices to promote sustainability. Addressing these challenges is critical for ensuring the global transition to renewable energy systems that are both efficient and sustainable.
CFD Simulation and Performance Comparison of Two Distillation Tank Designs with Different Heat Source Geometries
Authors: Shariati Omid , SamimiAkhjahani Hadi
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a numerical simulation using ANSYS Fluent to investigate the performance of two water desalination systems under identical conditions. Realistic environmental conditions such as ambient pressure, temperature, fluid inlet velocity, and temperature of the fluid entering the tank and the heat source (both being water) were considered. Both models were tested under the same conditions: a pressure of 1 atm, an ambient temperature of 27°C, an inlet fluid velocity in the tank of 0.08 m/s, an inlet fluid temperature to the tank of 27°C, an inlet fluid velocity to the heat source of 0.01 m/s, and an inlet fluid temperature to the heat source of 67°C. The tank and heat source were made of aluminum and copper, respectively. The obtained results showed significant differences and will be discussed in detail in the following sections.
A memory transcriptome time course reveals essential long-term memory transcription factors.
Authors: Martin Francisco , Jones Spencer , Gil-Marti Beatriz , Sacristan-Horcajada Eva , Edison Abigail , Butler Emily , Miandashti Neda , Roselli Camilla , Turiegano Enrique , Boto Tamara , Kramer Jamie
Published: January 2025

Long-term memory (LTM) requires transcription and translation of new proteins, but short-term memory does not. Several signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in LTM-related transcription have been identified, yet the transcriptional response to memory formation and retrieval remains poorly understood. Here, we performed a transcriptome time course during LTM formation in Drosophila melanogaster exposed to courtship conditioning. We identified a mushroom body-specific transcriptional memory trace that becomes activated during memory consolidation. For memory retrieval, we used scRNAseq of CREB-activated MB cells to detect a neuronal cluster with specific up-regulation of classical memory-related genes as well as members of the memory consolidation response. As a proof of causality, we conducted a loss-of-function screen, finding 16 positive hits whose disruption impaired LTM. Among them, we identified two immediate-early genes (IEGs), Hr38 and stripe (sr), which encode transcription factors that are activated by courtship LTM training and required for LTM but not STM. ChIP-seq binding sites for these critical memory transcription factors map to MB-accessible chromatin near training-induced genes that comprise the MB memory consolidation and recall trace. Overall, we further define the transcriptional response to long term memory formation and retrieval, and identify critical transcription factors that may help shape it.
Establishment of an Early Warning Screening System for High Risk Population in High Incidence Area of Esophageal Cancer, Gansu province, northwestern China: A Retrospective Population-Based Study
Authors: Zhu Duojie , Li Chengyun , Che Yinggang , Cheng Huijuan , Li Yumin
Published: January 2025

Objective
The medical treatment of cancer patients has caused a huge burden on the financial expenditure of the government, so it is crucial to evaluate whether the financial expenditure of public medical care. The aim of this study was to identify risk populations of esophageal cancer (EC) in Liangzhou through epidemiological data and evaluate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of early screening in these populations.
Methods
We collected data on EC incidence and follow-up from 2009 to 2021 in the regions of Liangzhou and Jingtai in Gansu Province. We used spatial analysis and regional investigation the incidence data of EC reporting area to analyze the prevalence of EC within Liangzhou and Jingtai, the impact of lifestyle, heavy metals and nitrosamines on EC. Subsequently, we conducted a health economics assessment based on the Chinese government's regional investment in EC screening in Gansu Province in the past five years, with a view to optimizing cancer prevention measures in areas with high incidence of EC.
Results
From 2009 to 2021, the incidence of EC in Liangzhou remained high with an average annual incidence of 45.23 per100,000, there were 8 communities and townships with the incidence of EC higher than 70/100,000 in Liangzhou. Drinking alcohol, intake of red meat, salted food, dried food, fried food and dry thinness were risk factors for EC. The trace elements ( iron, copper and zinc) and NMEA, NDEA and NDPA in drinking water of Liangzhou were higher than those in Jingtai County, suggested that the residents of Liangzhou District are exposed to higher environmental carcinogenic risk. In the systematic health economics evaluation of the EC screening, we found that the screening cost amounted to 1,1407200 yuan, and the benefit totaled 1,9763200 yuan, resulting in a cost-benefit ratio (CBR) of 1:1.73.
Conclusions
This study identified high-incidence areas and key populations of EC. This approach guided the implementation of targeted EC screening in specific area, proving to be a cost-effective and efficient screening method. The adoption of this approach should be widely applied in the prevention and control of EC in the future, and provides an important basis for the clinical benefit and early screening of patients with EC.
Enhanced Adsorption of Amido Black (AB) Dye Using PAN/EPI-DMA-bentonite Composite Fibers as a Novel Electrospun Solution for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Jalil Aiizat Ikhwan Abdul , Ismail Suzylawati , Shahadat Mohammad , Yılmaz Murat
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the use of PAN/EPI-DMA-bentonite composite fibers, synthesized through electrospinning, for the efficient adsorption of anionic azo dye, Amido Black (AB), in wastewater treatment. The composite fibers were developed by incorporating epichlorohydrin dimethylamine (EPI-DMA) modified bentonite into a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix, enhancing the surface's positive charge and increasing adsorption sites. Characterization using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET analyses confirmed successful bentonite integration, increased fiber diameter, and enhanced surface area, contributing to improved dye affinity. Adsorption experiments revealed that a 3 wt% EPI-DMA-bentonite dosage achieved optimal AB dye removal, with the composite demonstrating a maximum adsorption capacity of 1829 mg/g at 200 ppm dye concentration. Acidic conditions (pH 2-4) significantly improved adsorption efficiency, reaching up to 92% dye removal due to increased electrostatic attraction between the anionic dye and cationic sites on the composite fibers. Isotherm and kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process adheres to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting monolayer adsorption and chemisorption mechanisms. Compared to conventional adsorbents, the PAN/EPI-DMA-bentonite composite exhibited superior adsorption capacity, highlighting its potential as an effective and scalable solution for industrial dye-laden wastewater treatment.
Tree species traits and soil biochemical properties drive carbon stability and temperature sensitivity of soil aggregates in agroforestry systems of subtropical northeast India
Authors: Thangavel Ramesh , Manjaiah Kanchikerimath , Arunachalam A. , Hazarika Samarendra , Choudhury Burhan U. , Arumugam Balusamy , Tomar J. M.S. , Mishra V.K.
Published: January 2025

Agroforestry systems play a critical role in enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) stability and mitigating climate change by integrating trees and crops to improve soil fertility and carbon sequestration. This study investigates the SOC stability, aggregate dynamics, and temperature sensitivity of SOC mineralization across four agroforestry systems (Michelia oblonga, Parkia roxburghii, Alnus nepalensis, and Pinus kesiya). Tree traits, soil properties, and aggregate characteristics were analyzed alongside a 60-day incubation experiment under three temperature regimes (25°C, 30°C, and 35°C). The results revealed the SOC mineralization significantly varied amongst the agroforestry systems with highest value in M. oblonga (25.59 mg CO2 g− 1) and lowest in A. nepalensis (20.39 mg CO2 g− 1). Macroaggregates consistently showed higher SOC concentrations and biochemical indicators, such as polysaccharides and total glomalin-related soil proteins (TG-RSP), compared to microaggregates and bulk soil. The temperature and aggregate sizes statistically influenced the SOC mineralization rates, with noticeable interaction effect. SOC mineralization rates increased with temperature, but Alnus nepalensis exhibited the highest temperature sensitivity (Q10 = 0.955 and activation energy = 24.25 kJ mol− 1), highlighting its resilience to thermal stress. Strong positive correlations were observed between soil aggregate stability and soil biochemical indicators such as SOC, polysaccharides and TG-RSP of bulk soil and aggregates. Temporal trends indicated that carbon mineralization peaked at 30 days before stabilizing, reflecting the decomposition of labile carbon pools. These findings highlight the critical role of tree traits, soil aggregates, and thermal stability in driving SOC retention in agroforestry systems.
Experimental Investigation of effect Slotted leading Edge Circulation Control Aerofoil Aerodynamic and Acoustics
Authors: Al-okbi Yasir , Atiya Mohammed A. , Al-amir Qusay Rasheed , Jweeg Muhsin Jaber , Al-Dujele Rana
Published: January 2025

This study discusses the separation flow active flow control of the NACA 633618-il three-dimensional straight aerofoil, which is carried out by using the inclined exit synthetic jet exciter. The synthetic jet can effectively control the flow separation of the wings, increase the maximum lift coefficient by 12.4%, and delay the stall angle of attack by 6°. Using boundary layer testing techniques and
The particle image velocimetry system is used to study and analyse the control mechanism of the synthetic jet separation flow. The results show that the boundary layer velocity pattern becomes full after the control.
The shape factor decreases, the underlying energy increases, and the ability to resist adverse pressure gradients increases. The transient and real-time homogenised PIV test flow field map further proves the synthetic jet flow direction.
After the main flow is injected and mixed with momentum, the main flow adheres to the aerofoil surface, the fluid turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress near the aerofoil increase, and the separation point is pushed downstream. Later, flow separation is inhibited.
Nucleation mechanism and growth behavior of nano-arrays on plant fibers via sol-gel process
Authors: Liu Xuan
Published: January 2025

Nano-deposition is emerging as an effective strategy to endow plant fibers(PFs)with the desirable surface and mechanical properties. In this work, we elaborate on the effects of the surface features of PFs and the sol-gel process parameters on nano-array deposition, thus reveal the underlying mechanisms of in-situ nucleation and growth behavior. For the PFs with the carboxymethyl pre-treatment (PFs-COOH), (1) the increased amorphous region provides the access for the deposition solution to react with PFs-COOH; (2) The introduced carboxyl groups help the heterogeneous deposition of nano-arrays by promoting the interaction between PFs-COOH and nano-arrays; (3) The concave structure of the surface flaws decreases the Gibbs free energy of heterogeneous nucleation, creating the suitable deposition sites for the layer-by-layer self-assembled nano-arrays. For the sol-gel process parameters, the precursor concentration regulates the supersaturation of the reaction solution, which provides driving force for the heterogeneous nucleation and growth of nano-arrays; The ammonia concentration controls the morphologies of nano-deposition including the thin nano-gel, well-aligned nano-arrays and aggregated nano-particles; The reaction time relates to the nucleation and growth cycle of nano-arrays. Based on the grey relational analysis, the effect of process parameters on the particle size is as follows: reaction time < precursor concentration < basic catalyst. The cooperation of the surface features of PFs and the sol-gel process parameters makes the well-aligned nano-arrays fill up the surface flaws of PFs, achieving the ideal controlling effect. Our work offers a theoretic basis for the effective preparation of PFs with the excellent properties.
Enhancing Tiny Object Detection without Fine Tuning: Dynamic Adaptive Guided Object Inference Slicing Framework with Latest YOLO Models and RT-DETR Transformer
Authors: MUZAMMUL MUHAMMAD , LI Xuewei , Li Xi
Published: January 2025

Tiny Object Detection (TOD) in high-resolution imagery presents persistent challenges in computer vision, including low resolution, occlusion, and cluttered backgrounds. This paper introduces the Dynamic Adaptive Guided Object Inference Slicing (GOIS) framework, a novel two-stage adaptive slicing approach that dynamically reallocates computational resources to Regions of Interest (ROIs). This methodology significantly enhances detection precision and efficiency, achieving 3–4× improvements in Average Precision (AP) and Average Recall (AR) metrics for small objects. Additionally, the framework demonstrates substantial gains of 50–60% across other metrics, ensuring robust performance across various object scales. While slight declines in large-object detection were noted in specific scenarios, GOIS consistently excels in detecting small and medium-sized objects, effectively addressing critical challenges inherent to TOD. The GOIS framework integrates adaptive slicing, multi-scale representation, and context-aware modeling, surpassing the limitations of static slicing methods by mitigating boundary artifacts and optimizing computational efficiency. Its architecture-agnostic design allows seamless integration with diverse state-of-the-art detection models, including YOLO11, RT-DETR-L, and YOLOv8n, without requiring extensive retraining. Rigorous validation on the VisDrone2019-DET dataset, supplemented by evaluations on low-resolution images, video streams, and live camera feeds, highlights GOIS’s transformative potential. These findings establish its applicability to critical domains such as UAV-based surveillance, autonomous navigation, and precision diagnostics. The code and results are publicly available at https: // github. com/ MMUZAMMUL/ GOIS with a live demonstration accessible at https: // youtu. be/ T5t5eb_ w0S4 .
Comparison of the derivatization methods in the analysis of fatty acid profiles in cream – new look on the safety of dairy products
Authors: Florkiewicz Aleksandra Bogumiła , Gużewska Gaja , Arendowska Izabela , Ludwiczak Agnieszka , Rudnicka Joanna , Szultka-Młyńska Małgorzata , Ligor Tomasz , Pomastowski Paweł
Published: January 2025

Milk and dairy products, especially cream, are rich in proteins, vitamins, microelements, macroelements, and fatty acids (FAs). The FAs profile can vary depending on factors such as cattle breed, health status, types of feed used, season, geographic location, milking frequency and method, lactation phase, and frequency. The FAs present in milk, both long- and short-chain, and essential unsaturated fatty acids (EFA), including omega-3 and omega-6, have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This study presents the results of FAs profile analysis in cream, conducted using gas chromatography (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID). Sample preparation involved acid and base derivatization methods, with the results compared between these approaches. Additionally, microbiological composition and the physicochemical properties of the samples were examined. A total of 31 standard FAs were identified. The results showed that acid derivatization was more efficient and reliable for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The samples revealed significant amounts of FAs with varying chain lengths and saturation levels.
РАЗВИТИЕ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ГЕОГРАФИИ В РОССИИВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ ХХ ВЕКА(ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ВСЕРОССИЙСКИХ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СЪЕЗДОВ)
Authors: ПЕТРОВА О.С.
Published: January 2025

Процесс складывания исторической географии как отрасли научного знания был длительным и не завершился даже к началу ХХ столетия. Всероссийские археологические съезды, собиравшиеся в России во второй половине XIX начале ХХв., способствовали формированию и развитию исторической географии. Изучение документальных материалов Археологических съездов позволяет изучать различные аспекты формирования предмета исторической географии от эмпирического знания о пространственном размещении памятников древности до постановки проблем теоретико-методологического характера.

The establishment of historical geography as a separate scientific field was long and was far from completion at the beginning of the 20th century. The All-Russian Archaeological Congresses of the second half of the 19th beginning of the 20th century facilitated the institutionalization of historical geography. The congresses documents allow one to trace various aspects of the emerging discipline from empirical knowledge about the localization of historical monuments to theoretical and methodological problems of historical geography.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC SEARCH FOR LYME BORRELIOSIS SEVERITY DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Sverstiuk Andrii , Nykytyuk Svitlana , Synytska Vira , Antiuk Zhanna , Kyrychok Olexandra
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the data of the use of analytical search capabilities for the optimization of the literature sources analysis in the Scopus scientometric database when studying the current state of Lyme borreliosis diagnosis and treatment in children.
Methods of examination: analytical requests and assessment were used to investigate the analytical data of the scientific search for Lyme Borreliosis diagnosis. The Scopus scientometric database gives the capabilities to make a relevant search of scientific literature on the studied issues. In particular, to assess the relevance of research on LB in infectious diseases field, the following analytical query was formulated in the Scopus database: (ALL("tick bites") OR ALL("endemic area in lyme borreliosis") OR ALL("questionnaire of parents of children with Lyme disease") OR ALL("affected by ticks") OR ALL("DNA to complex B. burgdorferi s.l. ") OR ALL("B. miyamotoi").
Research results. The use of the Scopus scientometric database optimizes the relevant search of scientific literature by the research topic; total number of papers and comparisons in Cite Score, SIR, SNIP; search results by authors, subject areas, country, among leading scientific institutions, types of publications, and the largest financial sponsors of the research topic.
Conclusions: the analytical review of publications on the use of artificial intelligence in medicine, in particular, infectology was presented in the article. The analysis of the papers in the Scopus scientometric database was carried out. The authors with the largest number of papers, taking into account countries and scientific institutions, were presented. Based on the data obtained from the analytical review of literature sources using Scopus, we can conclude that there is a growing scientific interest in the problem of studying the causes of the onset and progression of Lyme borreliosis. Thus, such research is extremely relevant for improving and maintaining patient health.