bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex difference, growth pattern, and cephalic index of Turi ducks at different ages based on head morphometry
Authors: Bangun Nur Wijaya  , Yeni Dhamayanti  , Sri Mulyati  , Soeharsono Soeharsono  , Sunaryo Hadi Warsito  , Sri Hidanah
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the morphometric differences in the head of male and female Turi ducks. Ten male and ten female day-old ducks (DOD) were randomly selected by a lottery system from the population, raised, and had their head morphology measured using a digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm on the first day, and at the age of 2, 4, 6, and 8weeks. The result showed that male Turi duck had wider (p <0.05) head at the ages of 1 day, 2 and 6 weeks, head length and head height at the ages of 1 day, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, rostrum width at the ages of 1 day, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, and rostrum length at the age of 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. There were no significant differences (p >0.05) in the head width at the ages of 4 and 8 weeks, rostrum width at 2 weeks, and rostrum length at 1day old male and female Turi ducks. Morphometric growth pattern showed that older Turi ducks (at a range of 1 day to 8 weeks) had larger (p <0.05) head morphometry. However, the cephalic index in male and female Turi ducks was not significantly different (p > 0.05) at all ages. It could be concluded that in general head morphometry was useful for determining male and female Turi ducks at the ages of 1 day, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks
Risk factors of pyometra in cat at several clinics in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rosyta Pegy , Rimayanti Rimayanti  , Budi Utomo  , Jola Rahmahani  , Yulianna Puspitasari  , Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti
Published: October 2024

Pyometra is a reproductive disease that most often affects cats which is caused by bacterial infection of the uterus. This study aims to determine the risk factors that could influence the occurrence of pyometra in cats. The study was conducted at the Four Leg Pet Care, Asa Animal Clinic, and K-5 Animal Care in Kediri regency in December 2021 to February 2022. This retrospective cohort study took secondary data for the period 2020 to 2021 as research material and found 35 cats diagnosed with pyometra. The odds ratio was calculated to analyze the associations to some factors including age, body weight, use of hormonal contraception, frequency of administration of hormonal contraception, hormonal contraceptive drugs used, dose of hormonal contraception given.  Analysis of the relationship between risk factors for pyometra showed that the factors age, use of hormonal contraception, and frequency of giving hormonal contraceptives each have p values ​​of 2.17, 2.13, and 2.13, respectively. It could be concluded that age, use of hormonal contraception, and frequency of administration of hormonal contraception influenced or had an association with the risk of pyometra in cats.
Calf morbidity and mortality rates Associated risk factors in smallholder dairy farms in Kembata Tembaro zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yohannes Teshome , Geinoro Tariku
Published: October 2024

A study was carried out in the Kembata Tembaro Zone of Southern Ethiopia, focusing on both prospective cohort and cross-sectional surveys. The objective was to measure the rates of calf sickness and death and to pinpoint the factors that contribute to these conditions. Over 180 days, 140 newborn calves from selected small-scale dairy farms were studied. The study evaluated the prevalence of illness, mortality, and specific diseases by calculating incidence rates. Results indicated a 41.7% risk of illness and a 9.5% mortality rate among calves. Factors such as the calf's condition at birth, birth location/environment, the surface on which the calf was born, timing of the first colostrum intake, maternal parity, calf breed, and the breeding service technique significantly influenced mortality rates. Similarly, these factors were also significantly linked to the crude morbidity rate. Calves born naturally were at a lower risk of sickness (HR=0.6, p=0.001) compared to those assisted. Calves born indoors had a lower risk of sickness (HR=0.9, p=0.008) than those born outdoors. Calves that received colostrum within six hours of birth had a lower risk of sickness (HR=0.6, p=0.009) than those that received it later. Additionally, the study found that the floor of the birth place, the mother's parity, the breed of the calf, and the technique of the breeding service were additional risk factors for calf sickness. The time of the first colostrum intake, the mother's parity, and the calf's birth condition were also significant risk factors for calf death.
Coconut water combined with purebred chicken egg yolk as an alternative semen extender for Madura Pote bucks semen preservation
Authors: Tatik Hernawati  , Susilowati Suherni , Tri Wahyu Suprayogi  , Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari  , Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada
Published: October 2024

One of the many efforts to increase the quality of livestock genetics is through artificial insemination (AI). Other than increasing it, AI can be conducted to preserve semen. A successful AI is determined by seminal quality, therefore, a method to preserve semen for a longer storage time is needed. The method used is adding an extender that fulfills prerequisites for a semen extender such as coconut water combined with egg yolk citrate extender. Coconut water is rich in carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, and antioxidants while egg yolk contains lecithin. This study aims to find out the Pote buck spermatozoa quality stored in coconut water and egg yolk extender. This study uses three groups of treatments (T0: 0.1 ml semen + 0.9 ml egg yolk citrate, T1: 0.1 ml semen + 0.9 ml coconut water, and T2: 0.1 ml semen + egg yolk citrate (20%) + coconut water). All three of these are stored at 5oC and evaluated every day until day 5 of their motility, viability, intact plasma membrane, abnormality, and MDA level. Data analysis used is ANOVA and a further test called BNT is conducted if a significant difference is determined. No significant difference was found between T0 and T1 (p>0.05). The highest progressive motility, viability, and intact plasma membrane (%) among the three groups of treatments happened to be from T2. Meanwhile, a low percentage of spermatozoa abnormality and MDA level were also found in T2 with its extender being coconut water combined with egg yolk citrate. To conclude, the best extender for storing Pote buck semen is stored at 5oC is coconut water combined with egg yolk citrate extender.
Possibilities of Radiation Diagnosis in Detecting Spinal Echinococcosis: Literature Review and Case Report
Authors: Gladyshev A. Yu. , Labutin V. К. , Rostovtsev М. V. , Nudnov N. V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the possibilities of radiation methods in the diagnosis of spinal echinococcosis based on publications and our own clinical observation. An electronic literature search was conducted using PubMed/ MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ResearchGate databases; the review included case reports, retrospective studies, and literature reviews published from 1991 to 2023. A clinical case of a patient with spinal echinococcosis was described showing that for this disease, a comprehensive radiation examination using radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides the necessary information. MRI is the most informative method, since it gives excellent visualization of spinal canal structures and allows detecting a number of spinal echinococcosis characteristic manifestations.
Karamanlı Aynî’nin “Nazmü’l-Eflâk” Kasidesinde Sabit Yıldızlar, Burçlar ve Ay’ın Menzilleri
Authors: Topal Ahmet
Published: October 2024

On beşinci yüzyıl şairlerinden Karamanlı Aynî’nin Türkçe divanı, klasik Türk şiirinde astronomi ve astroloji (ilm-i nücûm) alanında yapılacak çalışmalar için zengin bir kaynak niteliğindedir. Şairin takımyıldızları, burçları, Ay’ın menzillerini tasvir ettiği Nazmu’l-Eflâk adıyla da bilinen kasidesi bu alandaki birikimini gösteren bir metindir. Kaside yüz yirmi yedi beyittir; 26-92. beyitler, güney ve kuzey yarım kürelerde bulunan sabit yıldızların, burçların ve Ay’ın menzillerinin anlatıldığı asıl bölümdür. Burada şair takımyıldızların suretlerinin tasvirini yapar, genellikle ebced hesabıyla yıldız sayılarını belirtir, takımyıldızların öne çıkan yıldızları varsa onları tanıtır. Bu bölüm terminoloji açısından oldukça zengin bilgiler içermektedir. Kasidenin bundan sonraki bölümleri Hz. Ali, ehl-i beyt, on iki imam övgüsü hakkında naat ve Yezid’in yergisi hakkındadır. Bu makalede, Nazmü'l-Eflâk kasidesinin astronomi ile ilgili kısımları incelenmeye çalışılmış; bu bağlamda kasideden elli dört beyit üzerinde durulmuştur. Makalenin amacı sadece bir Divan şairinin astronomi bilgisini ortaya koymak değil, aynı zamanda başta sözlük olmak üzere klasik Türk edebiyatı alanında astronomi ve astroloji üzerine yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sağlamaktır. Bu sebeple kasidede geçen takımyıldızların/yıldızların diğer kaynaklardaki isimleri araştırılmış ve bu unsurlar kaynaklara dayanılarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
MTA–TTK Olvasási Nehézségek Kutatócsoport: Olvasáskutatás és zenepedagógia
Authors: Ferenc Honbolygó , Csaba Kertész , Sándor Imre Nagy
Published: October 2024

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Beszámoló a Találkozások az anyanyelvi nevelésben 5. konferenciáról
Authors: Anita Viszket , Eszter Kárpáti , Judit Farkas , Zsolt Prohászka , Eszter Kocsis , Judit Kleiber , Aliz Huszics
Published: October 2024

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The Necroinflammatory activity of HCV in liver biopsies of Iraqi patients that detected by In Situ hybridization technique.
Authors: Al-azzawi Raghad  Harbi , Mohammed Ghanima Sadiq , Al-khalidi Nawal Mahdi
Published: October 2024

تم اجراء اختبار in situ hybridization لـ 22 مريضا مصابا بالتهاب الكبد الفايروسي نمط (ج) لـ ( 9 ذكور و 13 انثى ) (مسبقا اظهروا جميعهم نتائج موجبة لاضدادanti-Hc IgG وارتفاع مستوى انزيمات GPT,GOT) وذلك من اجل دراسة الفعالية الالتهابية التنخرية والكشف عن وجود الحامض النووي الرايبي لفايروس التهاب الكبد نمط (ج) (HCV-RNA) في المقاطع النسيجية لخزعة الكبد. اظهرت النتائج بان نسبة الخلايا المصابة تتراوح ما بين 10% الى 100% وبمعدل (61.77%), وان الحامض النووي الرايبي قد تم الكشف عنه في سايتوبلازم الخلايا الكبدية.
Compatibility between Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum in disease control of Fusarium tomato wilt under greenhouse condition
Authors: Jediaa I . A. , Ali A . A. , Abbas B. A. , Musa Sh . A. , Hassan H.R. , Muhamed L. J.
Published: October 2024

اجريت هذه الدراسة لتقويم كفاءة ست عزلات من البكتريا Pseudomonas fluorescens وفطر Trichoderma harzianum والتوافق بينهما في مكافحـة مرض الذبول الفيوزارمي على الطماطه المتسبب عن الفطر Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici تحت ظروف البيت الزجاجي . اظهرت النتائج تفوقا عاليا لعزلة البكتريا (B3) وفطر الترايكوديرما (T1) في خفض نسبة الاصابة للبادرات بعد 14 يـومـا اذ بلغت 13,3% و21% على التوالي مقارنة بالشاهد (40%) كما ادت الى خفض شدة الاصابــة اذ بلغت 28% و30% وعلى التوالي مقارنة بالشاهد (90%) بعد 35 يوما ، واعطت هاتان العزلتان قدره استيطانية عالية على الجذور بعد 21 يوما سواء أكانت بمفردها او فـــي معاملة التوافق . كما اظهرت الدراسة تفوق معاملة التوافق بين العزلتين  (B3 ، (T1 فـي خفض نسبة الاصابة للبادرات بعد 14 يوما اذ بلغت 10,3% مقارنة بالشاهــد (36,3%) وكـذلك في شدة الاصابة 16% مقارنة بالشاهد 88% بعد 35 يوما من الزراعـــة . كما اظهرت تفــوقا معنويا في زيادة بعض معايير النمو الخضري.
Effect of Hardening to drought tolerance on the moisture contents of sunflower plant. II moisture percentage in leaves and heads
Authors: AL-Jobori Kamil. M.
Published: October 2024

يهدف العمل الى دراسة التغيرات الحاصلة في المحتوى الرطوبي لأوراق وأقراص نباتات زهرة الشمس خلال مراحل نموها تحت ظروف التطويع لتحمل الجفاف . نفذت تجارب حقلية خلال ربيعي 2000 و2001 . أستعمل تصميم ألألواح ألمنشقة-ألمنشقة بثلاث مكررات.شملت ألالواح ألرئيسية على معاملات ألري الى 100% (ألري ألكامل) و75 و50%من ألماء ألجاهز في ألتربة،وأحتل ألصنفان يوروفلور وفلامي ألالواح ألثانوية. أشتملت ألدراسة على أربع معاملات نقع للبذور:ألمقارنة(من دون نقع)وألنقع في ألماء وألنقع في محلول ألكلتار(250 جزء من ألمليون) وألنقع في محلول ألبكس (500 جزء من ألمليون) ألتي أحتلت ألالواح تحت ألثانوية.تنقع ألبذورلمدة24 ساعة ثم تجفف هوائيا لغاية وصولها ألى أوزانها ألاصلية قبل ألنقع.حسبت كميات ألمياه لكل رية لتعويض ألاستنزاف ألرطوبي خلال موسم ألنمو بأستعمال مقياس ألرطوبة ألنيتروني. أجريت جميع ألعمليات ألزراعية حسب ألتوصيات.
   أوضحت ألنتائج بأن معاملات الري لم تؤثر في النسبة المئوية للرطوبة في ألأوراق ، في حين أدى الري ألاعتيادي وألشد  600 كيلوباسكال الى زيادة النسبة المئوية للرطوبة في ألأقراص بنسبة 1.69 و2.44 % عن الشد 800 كيلوباسكال  بعد 58 يوما من ألزراعة في ألموسم2001. تفوقت معاملتي الري الاعتيادي  والشد 800 كيلوباسكال بنسبة 3.66 و 1.52% على معاملة الشد 600 بعد 72 يوما من الزراعة في متوسط ألموسمين .تفوق ألصنف يوروفلور على الصنف فلامي في نسبة الرطوبة في أوراق نباتاته بعد86 يوما من ألزراعة بنسبة 5.34 في ألموسم 2001 و 2.76%في متوسط ألموسمين.كما تفوق في نسبة الرطوبة في أقراص نباتاته بنسبة 2.79% في الموسم 2001. ساهمت عمليات  نقع ألبذور قبل الزراعة في الماء ومحاليل الكلتار والبكس في زيادة نسبة الرطوبة في ألأوراق بنسبة 3.73 و2.65 و 4.13% عن بعد 58 بوما من الزراعة في متوسط الموسمين ، ونسبة الرطوبة في ألأقراص بنسبة 4.05 و 5.12 و 5.44% بعد 58 يوما من الزراعة في الموسم 2000 وبنسبة 2.80 و3.09 و2.86% في الموسم 2001 قياسا بمعاملة من دون نقع. يستنتج من هذه ألدراسة أهمية نقع ألبذور قبل ألزراعة في ألماء أومحاليل منظمات ألنمو لتحسين العلاقات المائية لأوراق وأقراص النباتات وزيادة نسبة التزهير وعقد البذور وامتلاءها عند تعرضها للجفاف.
Extraction of raw cellular wall of Enterobacter cloacae and study of its toxicity
Authors: Hussain N. Sh. M. , Flaih M. T.
Published: October 2024

حضر مستخلص الجدار الخلوي الخام لبكتريا Enterobacter cloacae باستعمال انزيم الـ Lysozyme الذي استعمل لتحليل الخلايا فضلاً عن اضافة انزيمي الـ DNase ، والـ RNase وكانت نسبة البروتينات ونسبة الكربوهيدرات فيه 24 % و 1.44 % على التوالي.
درست امراضية البكتريا وذلك بدراسة تأثيرها القاتل فقد تم تحديد الجرعة المميتة النصفية (LD50) لكل من عالق البكتريا ومستخلص جدارها الخلوي الخام باستعمال اناث الفئران السويسرية البيض ، وكانت قيمة LD50 للعالق البكتيري مساوية لـ 3.16 × 109 وحدة مكونة للمستعمرة / مليليتر. اما مستخلص الجدار فلم يكن له أي تاثير قاتل للفئران الا انه اثر في الحالة الفسلجية لها وبشكل كبير ؛ مما ادى الى نقصان اوزانها بمعدل 8 غرامات.
The Effect of some inducer agents in increase the production of Enterocin U36 produced by Enterococcus faecalis U36 that isolated from Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Kandela Nuha J. , Aziz Ghazi M. , Khanika Hausain
Published: October 2024

الانتروسين U36 ( (ENT U36, هو بكتريوسين منتج من بكترياfaecalis U36    Enterococcus    المعزولة محليا    من عينات ادرار اخذت من مرضى يعانون من التهابات السبيل البولي ، ذي فعالية مثبطة لعدد من الانواع البكتيرية القريبة الصلة التي تعود للبكتريا المنتجة لحامض اللاكتيك Lactic acid bacteria والتي شملت E. faecalis S10. و Lactococcus lactis  و L. fermentum،  بالاضافة الى فعاليته  التثبيطية ضد بعض الممرضات البكتيرية والتي تضمنت الانواع الاتية  Listeria mono cytogenesو  Staphylococcus auraus وStreptococcus spp.   و Escherchia coli  والعصيات المكونة للسبورات s Bacillus subtili.
       حددت الظروف المثلى لانتاج الانتروسين من العزلة المحلية EFU36 باستخدام المزارع المغمورة اذ اظهرت النتائج ان وسط الانتاجية الامثل للانتروسين اشتمل على  مصادر كاربونية ومصادر نايتروجينية وبعض الاملاح ولقح الوسط بحجم نهائي 2% من لقاح بعدد خلايا حية 1X910 خلية / مليلتر و رقم هيدروجيني امثل 6  عند درجة حرارة مثلى (35 – 37) ْم بسرعة 120 دورة / دقيقة اذ بلغت الفعالية النوعية 310 x 91 وحدة/ مليغرام بروتين. ودرس  تاثير عدد  من  المحفزات  للانتاجية  مثل Chloramphenicol   و B12  Vitamin وFolic Acid و Mitomycin-C  في الوسط الامثل للانتاجية للعزلة المنتخبة وقد لوحظ ان استخدام 1.5% من المايتومايسين –C قد اعطى اعلى فعالية نوعية عندما بلغت        X  103  310 وحدة / مليغرام بروتين عند اضافته بعد 3 ساعات من  المدة المثلى للانتاج.
The effect of NPK fertilizer on some physiological characters of Petroselinum hortense
Authors: Al-Kaisi, W.A. , Al-Hallaq A.M. , Hassan R. A.
Published: October 2024

أجريت تجربة لدراسة تأثير سماد NPK بالتركيزين 0.25 ,0.50 غم/ كغم تربة في بعض الصفات الفسيولوجية لنبات المعدنوس Petroselinum hortense .
            أظهرت النتائج بأن التسميد بالتركيزين أعلاه أدى إلى زيادة الوزن الجاف للنبات ومعدل النمو المطلق ومعدل النمو النسبي للنبات , كذلك النسبة المئوية لعناصر النتروجين والفسفور والبوتاسيوم في النبات فقد كانت الفروق في صفات النبات قيد الدراسة مختلفة معنوياً بالتركيز الأول مقارنة بالثاني .
S-Generalized supplemented modules
Authors: Al-Bahrany B. H. , Al-Rikabiy A. J.
Published: October 2024

أكسيو قدم المفهوم الأتي، يقال للمقاس M بأنه مكمل معمم إذا كان لكل مقاس جزئي N من M، يوجد مقاس جزئي K من M بحيث أن K +N=M  وNK  Rad(K).نها حمادة والهاشمي قدما المفهوم الأتي، يقال للخاصية S المعرفة على المقاسات بأنها خاصية شبه جذرية أذا تحقق الأتي:1.    ليكن N→ M :f تشاكلاً شاملاً. أذا كانت M مقاساً يملك الخاصية S فأن N مقاساً يملك الخاصية S.2.    كل مقاس M يحوي على المقاس الجزئي S(M).هذه الملاحظات قادتنا إلى اقتراح تعريف المقاسات المكملة المعممة من النمط S. لتكن S خاصية شبه جذرية، يقال للمقاس M المعرف على الحلقة R بأنه مقاس مكمل معمم من النمط S. إذا كان لكل مقاس جزئي N من M، يوجد مقاس جزئي K من M بحيث أن M=N+K وN∩ K  S(K).الغرض الرئيسي من هذا البحث هو تطوير خواص المقاسات المكملة المعممة من النمط S. لقد أعطينا مجموعة من القضايا الجديدة وأوضحنا المفاهيم بأمثلة.
Preparedness for injuries sustained while hiking 14,000ft peaks in Colorado
Authors: Twardowski Nicole , Cooper Spencer , Zapata Isain , Ross David
Published: October 2024

Background: Every year hikers and climbers sustain injuries on Colorado’s highest peaks, with fatalities occasionally occurring. The purpose of this study was to investigate injury types and supplied carried by people hiking 14,000 feet (4,267.2 meters) peaks in Colorado. As the popularity of the sport increases, research exploring hiker experience, and injuries becomes imperative so that participants are better informed.
Methods: An exploratory descriptive survey study using an online survey of a hiking group of 330 participants was conducted. These participants reported on injuries, supplies and practices of those attempting these hikes.
Results: A total of 70% of respondents reported having sustained injuries while attempting a 14,000 feet peak hike, however these injuries were rarely serious. A large proportion of participants report being prepared for managing injuries by carrying medical supplies such as pain relievers (78.2%), adhesive bandages (77.9%), and bandages (66.7%). The major issue in their attempts was reported to be running out of water (39.4%), and getting lost (21.2%). Only a third of the participants had taken outdoor wilderness survival classes.
Conclusion: Most frequent injuries sustained by participants tend to be minor and are more likely to occur or being witnessed as the activity is performed more frequently. This research serves as a reference of common injuries as well the types of first aid items that hikers commonly utilize and the associations between injuries and how hikers prepare for a 14,000 feet peak.
Constructing a Potential HLA Haplo-homozygous Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Haplobank Using Data from an Umbilical Cord Blood Bank
Authors: He Ji , He Yanmin , Zhan Qigang , Wu Zhipan , Sheng Qi , Zhang Wei , Zhu Faming
Published: October 2024

Background: iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells) can differentiate into any type of cell and have potential uses in regenerative medicine for the treatment of many diseases. However, reducing immune rejection is a key problem in the application of iPSCs that can be solved by the development of haplobanks containing specially selected iPSC lines. Methods: To study the feasibility of constructing an HLA (human leukocyte antigen)-matched induced pluripotent stem cell haplobank in China, 5421 umbilical cord blood samples were randomly collected from the Umbilical Cord Blood Bank of Zhejiang Province. The HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 loci were genotyped using next-generation sequencing. Using HLA genotype data at the high-resolution level, the number of HLA homozygous donors needed to cover a certain percentage of the Chinese population and the feasibility of constructing a high-matching iPSC haplobank were estimated.
Results: Thirteen HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 and 11 HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 haplotype homozygotes were observed among the stored umbilical CB units which were as HLA zero-mismatched iPSC donors cumulatively matched 37.01% and 32.99% of 5421 potential patients respectively. The analysis showed that 100 distinct HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 and HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 homozygous haplotypes would cover 72.74% and 67.87% of Chinese populations, respectively, and 600 HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 homozygous haplotypes would cover more than 90% of Chinese populations. PCA(principal component analysis)of published HLA data from different populations revealed that the frequency of these haplotypes in Asian populations is different from those in European populations.
Conclusion: The results suggested that at least some HLA-homozygous iPSC lines developed from Chinese individuals will not only be useful for covering the Chinese population but will also cover other Asian populations. A high-matching iPSC haplobank generated from umbilical CB units may be an economical and effective option in an allogeneic model of iPSC therapy.
Inhibition of circular RNA 006029 alleviates pancreatic β-cell injury through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Kunlin , Feng Jiaxing , Zheng Ying , Wang Zhen , Zhou Zhiguang
Published: October 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by the damage of pancreatic β-cells induced by autoimmune responses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve important regulatory functions in the pathogenesis of T1DM, but the underlying mechanisms require more substantiation. This study focused on a novel circRNA circ006029 to investigate its regulations on β-cell damage. The potential involvement of circ006029 in β-cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammatory responses was investigated via experiments such as CCK-8, qRT-PCR, and immunoblot. The utilization of a cytokine mixture, and specific molecular blockers Rapamycin and Capivasertib were applied to investigate the pathway by which circ006029 regulates in β-cell damage. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to explore differentially expressed mRNAs related to circ006029 regulation. The expression of circ006029 was observed to increase in damaged MIN6 cells. The inhibition of circ006029 serves a protective role in MIN6 β-cells by promoting β-cell proliferation and attenuating apoptosis. circ006029-knockdown could augment β-cell autophagy and attenuate apoptosis through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, circ006029 might be involved in the inflammatory response of MIN6 cells. These findings suggest that circ006029 may serve a detrimental role in β-cell damage, which provides new ideas for exploring the mechanism of β-cell damage in early insulitis in T1DM.
Detection of Aβ40 in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of Alzheimer’s Disease patients Using Photoelectrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Li Liting , Wei Na , Guo Yiwei , Zhu Xingyu , Wang Lin , Zhu Yanzhao , Fang Ke , Ma Shenhui , Zhang Yingying , Zhang Yan , Zhou Xiaofei , Zhao Gang , Bu Yuyu , Zhou Linfu
Published: October 2024

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for disease treatment and improving patient prognosis. However, due to the low content, complex composition, and individual differences of target proteins in real clinical specimens of AD patients, ultra sensitive detection of early biomarkers for AD still faces challenges. This study presents the development of an ultrasensitive TiO₂/Au-C₃N₄ heterojunction photoelectrochemical biosensor, fabricated using electrophoretic deposition (EPD), for the quantitative detection of amyloid-beta 40 (Aβ40) protein in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. the sensor exhibited excellent performance, featuring a linear detection range from 10− 15 to 10− 11 g/mL and a remarkably low detection limit(LOD) of 0.33 fg/mL.The validation in clinical settings demonstrated the successful detection of Aβ40 protein in real samples(including human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), human plasma, and artificial saliva), which effectively distinguished between AD patients and non-AD controls. Additionally, the integration with the Single Molecule Array (SiMoA) method validated the sensor’s accuracy in identifying control groups. These results strongly suggest that semiconductor photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors possess significant potential as cost-effective, rapid, and highly sensitive tools for detecting ultra-trace substances in human body fluids, which offers promising opportunities for the early screening of high-risk populations for AD.
Addressing Unmet Needs of Female Cancer Survivors Seeking Sexual Health Information Through Social Media
Authors: Barnett Rebecca L. , Gomez Daniel A , Tevis Sarah E. , Vemuru Sudheer R , Oliveira Flavia Fairbanks Lima , Rojas Kristin E.
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Sexual dysfunction is under-addressed throughout cancer care continua, and survivors often seek information outside of patient-provider relationships. This study aims to describe the demographics of cancer survivors seeking sexual health information through social media while describing preferred methods of information acquisition and the content patients seek online to fill knowledge gaps.
Methods:
An anonymous survey was made available online through a sexual health after cancer program’s social media page. Multiple-choice questions assessed age, cancer diagnosis, sexual health concerns, and resources used for health-related information. Short answer responses allowed for descriptions of unmet educational needs. Descriptive analyses of multiple-choice questions, and qualitative analysis of open response themes were performed.
Results:
Of 302 survey participants, 301 were cancer survivors. Participants ages 18 to 65+ had a variety of cancer types. Most reported that painful sex (36%) or low desire (34%) was their most bothersome problem. The majority (81%) reported interest in seeking sexual health information online. 161 (54%) participants provided free-text responses that were analyzed qualitatively. They expressed a particular need for information about low desire (25%) and discomfort during sex (15%).
Conclusions:
Female cancer survivors with diverse disease sites and ages seek sexual health information through social media to fill knowledge gaps that are often not met through direct provider communication.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
Cancer patients, young and old, seek sexual health information from diagnosis through survivorship. These results inform tailored educational initiatives for survivors to receive accessible, evidence-based information in the media that they prefer, while highlighting the need to audit existing sources to minimize misinformation exposure.
Retinal optical coherence tomography intensity spatial correlation features as new biomarkers for confirmed Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Jin Zi , Wang Xinmin , Lang Ying , Song Yufeng , Zhan Huangxiong , Shama Wuge , Shen Yingying , Zeng Guihua , Zhou Faying , Gao Hongjian , Ye Shuling , Wang Yanjiang , Lu Fan , Shen Meixiao
Published: October 2024

Background
The nature and severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies in the retina and brain correspond. However, retinal biomarkers need to be validated in clinical cohorts with confirmed AD biomarkers and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The main objective of this study was to investigate whether retinal metrics measured by OCT aid in the early screening and brain pathology monitoring for confirmed AD.
Methods
This was a case-control study. All participants underwent retinal OCT imaging, and neurological examinations, including amyloid-β (Aβ) positron emission tomography. Participants were subdivided into cognitively normal (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD-derived dementia (ADD). Except retinal thickness, we developed the grey level co-occurrence matrix algorithm to extract retinal OCT intensity spatial correlation features (OCT-ISCF), including angular second matrix (ASM), correlation (COR), and homogeneity (HOM), one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in retinal parameters among the groups, and to analyze the correlation with brain Aβ plaques and cognitive scores. The repeatability and robustness of OCT-ISCF were evaluated using experimental and simulation methods.
Results
This study enrolled 82 participants, subdivided into 20 CN, 22 MCI, and 40 ADD. Compared with the CN, the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and myoid and ellipsoid zone were significantly thinner (P<0.05), and ASM, COR, and HOM in several retinal sublayers changed significantly in the ADD (P<0.05). Notably, the MCI showed significant differences in ASM and COR in the outer segment of photoreceptor compared with the CN (P<0.05). The changing pattern of OCT-ISCF with interclass correlation coefficients above 0.8 differed from that caused by speckle noise, and was affected by OCT image quality index. Moreover, the retinal OCT-ISCF were more strongly correlated with brain Aβ plaque burden and MoCA scores than retinal thickness. The accuracy using retinal OCT-ISCF (AUC=0.935, 0.830) was better than that using retinal thickness (AUC=0.795, 0.705) in detecting ADD and MCI.
Conclusions
The study demonstrates that retinal OCT-ISCF enhance the association and detection efficacy of AD pathology compared to retinal thickness, suggesting retinal OCT-ISCF have the potential to be new biomarkers for AD.
This project has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2000040786; registration date: 2020-12-10).
The association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and bone mineral density in adult men: NHANES (2011-2018)
Authors: Sun Zhengyu , Yue Yong , Li Pengcheng
Published: October 2024

Background The ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHHR) represents a novel lipid marker. This study examined the correlation between NHHR and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) in adult men.
Methods Data from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized in this study, including 5,434 men aged 20-59 years. To analyze the relationship between NHHR and lumbar BMD, multivariate linear regression models and stratified analyses were employed. Fitted smoothing curves and threshold effect analysis were also applied to examine the nonlinear association of NHHR with lumbar BMD.
Results After adjusting for covariates, weighted multivariable linear regression models revealed a negative relationship between NHHR and lumbar BMD (β = -0.005, 95% CI: -0.008 to -0.002, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses stratified by race, age, and BMI demonstrated this negative association in non-Hispanic black (β = -0.015, 95% CI: -0.025 to -0.005, P = 0.003) and other race (β = -0.006, 95% CI: -0.012 to -0.001, P = 0.013), participants aged 40-49 years (β = -0.011, 95% CI: -0.017 to -0.004, P = 0.001), BMI<25 (β = -0.009, 95% CI: -0.017 to -0.001, P= 0.022) and 25≤BMI<30 (β = -0.010, 95% CI: -0.015 to -0.005, P < 0.001). For the total cohort, other race individuals, and participants aged 30-39 years, a nonlinear relationship was explored with inflection points at 4.76, 5.00, and 2.83, respectively.
Conclusions In adult men aged 20 to 59 years, our research identified a negative relationship between NHHR and lumbar BMD. Among the overall cohort, as well as in other race individuals and participants aged 30-39 years, the relationship exhibited a nonlinear curve with inflection points at 4.76, 5.00, and 2.83, respectively. Consequently, NHHR measurement may serve as a sensitive biomarker for early osteoporosis detection and therapeutic guidance.
Thiazide-associated hyponatremia: a retrospective cohort study comparing hydrochlorothiazide vs indapamide vs chlorthalidone
Authors: Klhůfek Josef , Vodička Martin , Ponížil Petr , Ryšavý Ilja , Fojtík Petr , Kojecký Vladimír , Šálek Tomáš
Published: October 2024

Background
Hyponatremia is a crucial complication of therapy with thiazide diuretics.
Aim
This study compares the epidemiological and biochemical profiles and hospital course of patients using hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), indapamide (INDA), and chlorthalidone (CTD) admitted with thiazide-associated hyponatremia.
Method
Retrospectively obtained data from the hospital’s digital registries. The epidemiological and biochemical parameters between the HCTZ, INDA, and CTD groups were compared. The correlation between dose and biochemical parameters in each group was performed. The thiazide groups without diuretic co-medication were compared (HCTZ vs INDA) and the correlation between dose and biochemical parameters in each group was performed.
Results
A comparison of the HCTZ (n = 135), INDA (n = 125), and CTD (n = 27) groups identified difference in serum potassium (s-K; p = 0.03). The hyponatremia correction rate was slower in the CTD group at 96 h after admission (p < 0.001). After the exclusion of diuretic co-medication, the HCTZ group (n = 64/135) showed a higher prevalence of ARBs, s-K (both p < 0.001) and a lower median (IQR) equipotent dose (12.5 (o) mg vs 2.5 (1.2) mg), prevalence of ACE-I (p < 0.001), and eGFR (p = 0.03), when compared to the INDA group (n = 109/125).
Conclusion
Except for s-K, we observed no significant difference in biochemical and epidemiological profiles between HCTZ, INDA, and CTD. After excluding the influence of other diuretics, we observed higher s-K in the HCTZ group compared to the INDA group, potentially explained by the lower equipotent dose of HCTZ. The CTD group showed a statistically significant trend of slower hyponatremia correction.
Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency, Associated Factors, and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Queiroz Adriana Duarte Miranda , Torres Maria Roseneide dos Santos , Ratis Luana Cristina Fernandes , Morais Maria Clara Vieira , Souza Alex Sandro Rolland Rolland
Published: October 2024

Objectives
this study aimed to determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency, associated factors, and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders.
Methods
a prospective cohort study was conducted in a reference maternity hospital in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, from June 2022 to April 2023. Pregnant women (n = 250) in the third trimester, aged 18 years or older, and with hypertensive disorders were included. Clinical-epidemiological data and urinary samples for iodine concentration were collected; concentrations < 150 µg/L were considered iodine deficiency. A multivariate logistic regression model determined variables associated with iodine deficiency, showing their odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
the prevalence of iodine deficiency was 74.8% (n = 187). Women with chronic arterial hypertension and gestational hypertension showed the highest frequencies of iodine deficiency (27.6% and 26.9%, respectively). Twinning (OR = 3.26; 95%CI 1.79 to 5.96; p < 0.001) and superimposed preeclampsia (OR = 0.37; 95%CI 0.15 to 0.93; p < 0.001) were statistically associated with iodine deficiency. Regarding evaluated outcomes, chorioamnionitis (OR = 1.32; 95%CI 1.23 to 1.42; p < 0.001) and neonatal jaundice (OR = 1.25; 95%CI 1.07 to 1.44; p = 0.004) were associated with a high risk of iodine deficiency.
Conclusion
a high prevalence of iodine deficiency was observed in women with chronic arterial hypertension and gestational hypertension, associated with twinning, chorioamnionitis, and neonatal jaundice, which suggest a need for investigation in these patients. Superimposed preeclampsia was a protective factor for iodine deficiency compared with other hypertensive disorders.
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis based on Probability Density Evolution Method
Authors: Wang Meng , Gao Xiangling , Ning Chao-Lie
Published: October 2024

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) is a widely used framework to assess the seismic hazard of an interested site. This framework contains uncertainties which can be categorized into the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty. Generally, the aleatory uncertainty is measured by the total probability theorem, and the epistemic uncertainty is quantified by the logic tree. Despite its wide usage, the framework, especially the uncertainty representation by the logic tree faces two controversies. The first controversy is how to determine the assigned weights of the logic tree objectively, and the second controversy is how to interpret the logic-tree output reasonably. To address the two controversies, a probability density evolution method (PDEM)-based PSHA method was proposed in this study from the prospective of uncertainty quantification and propagation. Different from the traditional PSHA procedure, this method quantifies the probability density functions (PDFs) of basic random variables from source rupture to site condition first, and then adopts the generalized F-Discrepancy method to divide the probability space of basic random variables as the representation point set. After that, each representation point produces a seismic hazard curve following the classical PSHA formula. Finally, the generalized density evolution equation (GDEE) was introduced to obtain the PDFs of seismic hazard curves. To illustrate the advantage of the proposed method, a hypothetic site in Shanghai was chosen as a demonstrative example to evaluate the PDFs of peak ground acceleration (PGA) under varying annual exceedance rate of seismic hazards. The investigation indicates that the proposed method can resolve the aforementioned controversies effectively, where the assigned weights of the logic tree can be well determined by the generalized F-Discrepancy method, and the GDEE can obtain the PDFs of seismic hazard curves without much difficulties.
Higher proactivity in later-borns: effects of birth date on personality in a small mammal
Authors: QIU Jingyu , Pillay Neville , Schradin Carsten , Makuya Lindelani , Rödel Heiko G.
Published: October 2024

In short-lived animals, individuals born earlier in the breeding season frequently reproduce within the season of birth. Consequently, it has been proposed that those born early benefit from a more proactive behavioral type to compete for reproductive resources whereas later-borns adopt a more reactive personality to conserve energy to survive through the non-breeding season and reproduce in the following year. However, being proactive could also benefit later-borns in acquiring decreasing resources in the late breeding season. We investigated personality differences depending on the date of birth in relation to resource variation in a free-living population of the bush Karoo rat (Otomys unisulcatus). This species constructs stick lodges, a critical resource protecting the rats from the harsh semi-desert environments, but the availability of vacant lodges decreases with increasing population density during the breeding season. We predicted an increased occurrence of proactive phenotypes during the later breeding season, contrasting with the commonly assumed decrease in proactive phenotypes in late season due to lack of reproductive opportunity. We behaviorally phenotyped n= 99 individuals through repeated behavioral tests and found consistent individual differences along a proactive-reactive gradient. Most importantly, later-borns showed greater activity, boldness and exploration tendencies, indicating a more proactive personality. In addition, among early-born females, individuals which reproduced showed no differences in personality compared to those which did not reproduce. Our results indicate that seasonal differences in personality types in the bush Karoo rat may be driven by resource constraints in the late season rather than by differences in reproduction opportunities.
An in vivo study of the ameliorative effect of supplementation with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 in immunocompromised mice
Authors: Ma Weiwei , Wu Yanan , Sun Hang , Zhao Yiyang , Huang Lili
Published: October 2024

Lacticaseibacillus strains are considered as a safe and healthy probiotic, which can be used to produce "natural food" and has a broad market prospect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 on immunocompromised mice, and to provide basic scientific basis for food research and development of this strain. Sixty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank group, model group, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 low-dose group (1.6×106 CFU/ only), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 medium-dose group (1.6×107 CFU/ only) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 high-dose group (1.6×108 CFU/ only). Body weight, immune organ index, cellular immune index, humoral immune index, non-specific immune index, colon pathological tissue section, intestinal flora structure and the content of short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) were determined. The results showed that compared with the model group, the body mass, thymus index, spleen index, optical density index, plantar thickness, hemolytic plaque number, anti-volume, NK cell activity, carbon clearance phagocytosis index, macrophage neutral red phagocytosis rate, macrophage phagocytosis index and macrophage phagocytosis index of mice were increased, intestinal tissue damage was reduced, and intestinal flora richness of mice was increased. Levels of short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid) also increased. It is speculated that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Glory LP16 has the function of enhancing immunity in mice.
Cigarette smoke alters calcium flux to induce PP2A membrane trafficking and endothelial cell permeability
Authors: Dabo Abdoulaye , Raghavan Sonya , Ezegbunam Wendy , Thankachen Jincy , Evgrafov Oleg , Majka Sue , Geraghty Patrick , Foronjy Robert
Published: October 2024

Alveolar capillary barrier disruption induces local edema and inflammation that impairs pulmonary function and promotes alveolar destruction in COPD. This study aimed to determine how cigarette smoke modulated the serine-threonine phosphatase protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) to alter the barrier function of human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs). Cigarette smoke exposure lowered overall PP2A activity and enhanced endothelial permeability in HLMVECs. However, directly decreasing PP2A activity with Fostriecin significantly reduced endothelial cell permeability. Protein fractionation studies determined that cigarette smoke diminished cytosolic PP2A activity but increased membrane and cytoskeletal activity. These changes coincided with the translocation of PP2A from the cytosol to the membrane, which reduced occludin phosphorylation in the membrane. Cigarette smoke decreased protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity, a PP2A activator which also counters calcium intracellular influx. The decrease in PTP1B activity correlated with reduced calcium efflux in endothelial cells and these changes in calcium flux regulated PP2A activity. Indeed, culturing endothelial cells in low calcium medium prevented the decrease in cytosolic PP2A activity mediated by cigarette smoke. Together, these findings outline a mechanism whereby cigarette smoke acts via calcium to traffic PP2A from the cytosol to the membrane where it dephosphorylates occludin to increase endothelial cell permeability.
Combined application of Boron and Auxin improve the spikelet fertility, crop yield and grain quality in rice crop
Authors: Sarwar Naeem , Naveed Muhammad , Ahmad Shakeel
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Climate fluctuations have produced uncertain situation for the farmers as many crops facing abiotic stresses at various stages which decreases the crop productivity. Rice crop is very sensitive at reproductive stage and can produce unfilled grains when faced elevated temperature. We hypothized that optimum level of growth regulators and boron nutrition may enhance the pollen strength which may improve fertilization and filled grains.
Method: Two-year field experiment was designed to see the impact of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and boron (B) fertilization to boost the auxin along with pollen viability for better crop productivity. Fine rice genotype was grown under three cultivation systems i.e. S1 (Aerobic), S2 (Alternative wetting and drying) and S3 (Flooding). Moreover, at flowering stage foliar application of B and NAA was done as follows T0 (Control), T1 (Boron 0.1%), T2 (NAA 40 μmol L-1), T3 (B + NAA).
Results: Results revealed that combined application of NAA and B improved the plant auxin level along with boron contents which improved the sporogenesis process and enhanced the speikelet fertility. Improved physiological parameters were noticed in S3 (Flooded cultivation system) with T3 (B + NAA) application (S3T3) which lead toward higher thousand grain weight, grain yield and biological yield. Moreover, it improved the rice grain quality which was also maintained after cooking.
Conclusion: Therefore, foliar application of NAA and boron at reproductive stage would be a useful strategy for improving rice growth, morpho-physiological and yield attributes in various cultivation systems.
Cost and beyond: A comparative systematic literature review of the economic viability of primary cropping systems
Authors: Gill Suveera , Johal Ramanjit Kaur , Sharma Maitri
Published: October 2024

The study aims to assess the economic viability of organic and conventional primary cropping systems through a systematic literature review based on 56 studies from the leading scientific databases, i.e., Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), published up to December 31, 2023. The main results highlight that the yields are lower in organic than in conventional farming, irrespective of the crop and agroecological conditions associated with the region. Due to substantial financial subsidies the state provides in certain geographies, cultivating organics is profitable. Further, high consumer demand in developed economies and adequate export support make them economically viable. Decisively, organic practices address ecological challenges and create a balanced approach to agricultural development, empowering farmers and rural livelihoods. By supporting studies and advancements in organic agriculture, public authorities can use region-specific policies to promote the development of technologies and methodologies, leading to higher yields, reduced environmental impact, and overall progress in the organic farming sector. The study concludes by providing research directions underlining the flaws that currently limit studies on the economic viability of comparative farming systems.