bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capture fishery in northern Todos os Santos Bay, tropical southwestern Atlantic, Brazil
Authors: Soares Lucy Satiko Hashimoto , Lopez Juliana Pierrobon , Muto Elizabeti Yuriko , Giannini Roberto
Published: March 2017

Information on marine and estuarine capture fishery activity in northern Todos os Santos Bay, northeastern Brazil, based on daily data collected between September 2003 and June 2005 is presented. Small-scale artisanal fishery in this area includes the use of traditional vessels both nonmotorized and motorized for locomotion, being carried out mainly by canoe or on foot, and involves many different kinds of gear, including gillnet, hook and line, seine nets, and traps. A total of 113 taxa were grouped into 77 resources, including 88 fish, 10 crustaceans, and 15 mollusks. Data on nominal catches of fish, crustaceans and mollusks are presented by month and location. A total of 345.2 tonnes of fishery resources were produced (285.4 tonnes of fish, 39.2 tonnes of fresh invertebrates, and 20.6 tonnes of processed invertebrates). Temporal variation in the fish catch was associated with the life cycle of the species or with the hydrographic conditions. The first-sale value of this catch amounted to around US$ 615,000.00, fishes representing 71.3% of it. A table of the average price of each fishery resource is presented. The results produced in this study may be considered a reference for future monitoring programs of fishery resources in the area.
Relationship between isotopic composition (Δ18O and Δ13C) and plaktonic foraminifera test size in core tops from the Brazilian Continental Margin
Authors: Franco-Fraguas Paula , Costa Karen Badaraco , Toledo Felipe Antonio de Lima
Published: March 2017

Stable oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopic signature registered in fossil planktonic foraminifera tests are widely used to reconstruct ancient oceanographic conditions. Test size is a major source of stable isotope variability in planktonic foraminifera found in sediment samples and thus can compromise paleoceanographic interpretations. Test size/stable isotope (δ18O and δ13C) relationships were evaluated in two planktonic foraminifer species (Globigerinoides ruber (white) and Globorotalia truncatulinoides (right)) in two core tops from the Brazilian Continental Margin. δ18 Omeasurements were used to predict the depth of calcification of each test size fraction. δ13C offsets for each test size fraction were then estimated. No systematic δ18O changes with size were observed in G. ruber (white) suggesting a similar calcification depth range (c.a. 100 m) during ontogeny. For G. truncatulinoides (right) δ18O values increased with size indicating ontogenetic migration along thermocline waters (250-400 m). δ13C measurements and δ13C offsets increased with size for both species reflecting well known physiological induced ontogenetic-related variability. In G. ruber (white) the largest test size fractions (300µm and >355µm) more closely reflect δ13C DIC indicating they are best suited for paleoceanographic studies.
Influence of upwelling and tropical environments on the breeding development of the intertidal barnacle Tetraclita stalactifera (Lamarck, 1818)
Authors: Skinner Luis Felipe , Macharet Hariana Kelen Lisboa , Coutinho Ricardo
Published: March 2017

Cabo Frio, with its unique oceanographic conditions, is an important biogeographical transitional region between tropical and sub-tropical waters. This is due to the presence of upwelling from the Central Water of the South Atlantic (CWSA), and the presence of tropical waters from the Brazilian Current (BC) and Coastal Water (CW). The intertidal barnacle, Tetraclita stalactifera, and its brooding stages were analyzed to correlate environmental conditions with reproductive development. Two thermal contrasting sites were chosen: Ponta da Cabeça (PC), which is under the influence of seasonal upwelling, and Ponta da Fortaleza (PF) which experiences tropical influences. At each site, T. stalactifera specimens were collected monthly and their egg lamellae conditions classified into stages from 0 (empty) to IV (ready to release). Our results show a seasonal effect on brooding at the PC site and a continuous development at the PF site. Nauplii larval availability also followed this trend. Differences between the sites could be due to ecological differences related to water temperature and the ecological-physiological response of the barnacles to these differences.
Early development, survival and growth rates of the giant clam Tridacna crocea (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae)
Authors: Mies Miguel , Braga Felipe , Scozzafave Marcello Santos , Lemos Daniel Eduardo Lavanholi de , Sumida Paulo Yukio Gomes
Published: March 2017

Tridacnid clams are conspicuous inhabitants of Indo-Pacific coral reefs and are traded and cultivated for the aquarium and food industries. In the present study, daily growth rates of larvae of the giant clam Tridacna crocea were determined in the laboratory during the first week of life. Adults were induced to spawn via intra-gonadal serotonin injection through the byssal orifice. After spawning oocytes were collected, fertilized and kept in 3 L glass beakers and raceways treated with antibiotics to avoid culture contamination. Larvae were fed twice with the microalga Isochrysis galbana and zooxanthellae were also offered twice during the veliger stage (days 4 and 6). Larval length was measured using a digitizing tablet coupled to a microcomputer. Larval mortality was exponential during the first 48 hours of life declining significantly afterwards. Mean growth rate was 11.3 μm day-1, increasing after addition of symbionts to 18.0 μm day-1. Survival increased to ca. 75% after the addition of zooxanthellae. The results describe the growth curve for T. crocea larvae and suggest that the acquisition of symbionts by larvae may be useful for larval growth and survival even before larvae have attained metamorphosis.
Pneumonia estafilocócica adquirida na comunidade
Authors: Santos José Wellington Alves dos , Nascimento Douglas Zaione , Guerra Vinicius André , Rigo Vanessa da Silva , Michel Gustavo Trindade , Dalcin Tiago Chagas
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVO: A pneumonia estafilocócica geralmente apresenta uma elevada taxa de morbidade e mortalidade. Normalmente ocorre em infecções por influenza (via aerógena) ou durante episódios de bacteremia (via hematogênica). MÉTODOS: Um estudo retrospectivo e descritivo foi realizado com os pacientes que foram admitidos em nosso hospital entre janeiro de 1992 e dezembro de 2003 com diagnóstico de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade causada por Staphylococcus aureus. Todos eles eram maiores de 14 anos e não usuários de drogas endovenosas. RESULTADOS: De um total de 332 casos de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade, foram encontrados 24 pacientes (7,3%) com pneumonia estafilocócica. A idade mínima e máxima eram de, respectivamente, 14 anos e 89 anos. Quinze pacientes eram homens e nove eram mulheres. Doze pacientes preenchiam critérios para pneumonia grave. O radiograma de tórax evidenciou consolidação unilateral em 14 casos, bilateral em 10, derrame pleural em 15, rápida progressão radiológica das lesões pulmonares em 14, presença de cavitação em 6 e pneumotórax em 1 paciente. A maioria dos pacientes apresentou co-morbidades e diabetes mellitus foi a mais freqüente. Doze pacientes apresentaram complicações como empiema e choque séptico. Houve quatro óbitos, o que representou 16,6% da amostra. CONCLUSÕES: A apresentação clínica da pneumonia causada por S. aureus é similar à apresentação das pneumonias originadas por outros agentes etiológicos. Os achados radiológicos, os dados epidemiológicos e os fatores de risco fornecem importantes indícios para o diagnóstico. Estes fatores são importantes para uma suspeição clínica, já que o S. aureus normalmente não é incluído nos tratamentos empíricos.
Sintomas respiratórios em trabalhadores de carvoarias nos municípios de Lindolfo Collor, Ivoti e Presidente Lucena, RS
Authors: Souza Rafael Machado de , Andrade Fabiana Michelsen de , Moura Angela Beatrice Dewes , Teixeira Paulo José Zimermann
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVO: Determinar a ocorrência de sintomas respiratórios e tabagismo, assim como parâmetros de função pulmonar, em trabalhadores da produção de carvão vegetal em três municípios do sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo do tipo observacional com 67 indivíduos, no qual os dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas e espirometria. RESULTADOS: Do total de 67 trabalhadores, 50 (75,0%) eram homens; média de idade = 46,52 ± 13,25 anos; média de IMC = 25,7 ± 3,85 kg/m²; VEF1 = 3,24 ± 0,82 L (93,2 ± 16,0% do previsto); CVF = 4,02 ± 0,92 L (95,5 ± 14,3% do previsto); e VEF1/CVF = 80,31 ± 9,82. Os sintomas de vias aéreas superiores mais frequentes foram espirros e secreção nasal, em 24 trabalhadores (35,82%), enquanto o das vias aéreas inferiores foi tosse, em 15 (22,38%). Dos 67 trabalhadores, 21 (31,34%) eram tabagistas. Os tabagistas apresentaram mais tosse (OR = 5,00; p = 0,01), obstrução nasal (OR = 3,50; p = 0,03), prurido nasal (OR = 8,80; p = 0,01) e sibilância (OR = 10,0; p = 0,03), assim como menor VEF1 (2,93 ± 0,80 L vs. 3,38 ± 0,80 L; p = 0,04) que os não tabagistas. Rinite ocupacional foi detectada em 14 trabalhadores (20,85%), asma brônquica em 4 (5,97%) e DPOC em 4 (5,97%). CONCLUSÕES: A ocorrência dos sintomas respiratórios e a redução do fluxo aéreo foram maiores nos trabalhadores tabagistas. O controle da pirólise não aumentou a ocorrência de sintomas respiratórios nos trabalhadores de carvoarias.
Dispneia em DPOC: além da escala modified Medical Research Council
Authors: Camargo Lilia Azzi Collet da Rocha , Pereira Carlos Alberto de Castro
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as correlações entre diversos instrumentos de avaliação de dispneia, dados espirométricos e de tolerância ao exercício e índice Body mass index, airway Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise capacity (BODE) em pacientes com DPOC. MÉTODOS: Entre março de 2008 e julho de 2009, de 79 pacientes com DPOC recrutados, 50 foram selecionados. Esses pacientes retornaram após um mês de tratamento regular com formoterol e responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: escala modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI), Oxygen Cost Diagram (OCD) e Shortness Of Breath Questionnaire (SOBQ). Em seguida, realizaram espirometria e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6), com a medição da distância percorrida no TC6 (DTC6), medida de SpO2 inicial e final, e graduação da dispneia pela escala analógica visual (EAV) e escala de Borg. RESULTADOS: As melhores correlações entre os instrumentos foram entre Borg e EAV (r s = 0,79) e BDI e SOBQ (r s = -0,73). Entre as escalas unidimensionais (VAS, mMRC, OCD e de Borg), apenas VAS se correlacionou com os parâmetros de espirometria, ao passo que as escalas multidimensionais BDI e SOBQ apresentaram fraca correlação. Houve boas correlações entre mMRC, BDI e SOBQ com DTC6. Entre os parâmetros espirométricos, a capacidade inspiratória (CI) e CVF tiveram as melhores correlações com DTC6. Na análise multivariada, BDI e CI foram selecionados como os melhores preditores para DTC6. CONCLUSÕES: Escalas multidimensionais de dispneia devem ser aplicadas para avaliar pacientes com DPOC.
New aerophytic morphospecies of Nostoc (Cyanobacteria) from São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Sant'Anna Célia Leite , Azevedo Maria Teresa de Paiva , Branco Luis Henrique Zanini , Komárek Jiří
Published: March 2017

Brazilian aerophytic biotopes are almost completely unknown regarding to cyanobacterial flora. During the study of this special flora, three morphospecies of the genus Nostoc from different habitats in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, were found. Based on their morphology, especially by formation and shape of the akinetes, life cycles and ecology, these populations were considered distinct from all known taxa of Nostoc and are proposed as new species: N. interbryum, N. viride, and N. alatosporum.
Role of test method in detection of alkali–silica reactivity of concrete aggregates
Authors: Munir Muhammad Junaid , Abbas Safeer , Qazi Asad Ullah , Nehdi Moncef L. , Kazmi Syed Minhaj Saleem
Published: March 2017

The risk of alkali–silica reaction of concrete aggregates in many parts of the world remains largely unexplored. In particular, a suitable approach for testing aggregates with marginal to moderate alkali–silica reactivity has not been clearly identified. In this study, the mineralogical compositions of aggregates from five different quarries were investigated. Mortar bar expansion for these aggregates was tested as per the guidelines of both C 227 and C 1260. Although the tested aggregate sources proved non-reactive under ASTM C 227 test conditions, ASTM C 260 identified one group of aggregates as potentially reactive. Scanning electron microscopy imaging confirmed that two sources of aggregates were reactive. The compressive and flexural strength test results of aged specimens with reactive aggregates indicated that the strength reduction of those subjected to 1 month of ASTM C 260 exposure was similar to those of specimens under 6 months of ASTM C 227 exposure. Based on the experimental results, it appears that aggregates with potential alkali–silica damage may be characterised as non-reactive if the appropriate test method is not adopted. The findings indicate that the ASTM C 1260 procedure is more effective in determining the reactivity potential of marginally to moderately reactive aggregates.
Modelling a heater experiment for radioactive waste disposal
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Son , Li Zhenze , Garitte Benoit , Barnichon Jean Dominique
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission’s modelling of coupled thermal, hydraulic and mechanical (THM) processes and their influence on the performance of the engineered barrier system (EBS) and the host rock. The coupled THM processes were monitored during a heater experiment called HE-E, performed in an Opalinus Clay formation at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory in Switzerland. The HE-E experimental set-up consisted of two EBS sections emplaced in an existing tunnel of the Underground Rock Laboratory. This paper focuses on the model development, parametric analysis, model calibration and verification with the field test data. The influence of THM processes on the EBS and host rock performance and the implications on the design and safety assessment of geological disposal repository systems are discussed.
Análise Comparativa dos Óbitos de Médicos e Advogados Periciados no IML-BH no Período de 2006 a 2012
Authors: Polyanna Helena Coelho Bordoni  , Ana Cláudia de Assis Capanema Braga  , João Paulo Silva Vieira  , Marcela Teixeira Laender  , Sillas Mourão Pinto  , Leonardo Santos Bordoni
Published: March 2017

As causas externas apresentam distribuição desigual entre diferentes grupos populacionais. Esta pesquisa buscou verificar se há diferença nos óbitos por causas externas entre médicos e advogados, profissões de um mesmo grupo socioeconômico. Foi realizado um estudo transversal dos laudos de necropsias realizadas em médicos e advogados no IML-BH no período de 2006 a 2012. Foram analisados 107 laudos, sendo 39 de médicos (36%) e 68 de advogados (64%). Em ambos os grupos houve predominância de indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade superior a 49 anos e a maioria vivia sozinha. As principais circunstâncias dos óbitos nos dois grupos foram acidentes de trânsito, suicídio e homicídio, nesta ordem de prevalência. Como não houve diferença estatística na maioria das variáveis analisadas e o poder do estudo foi inferior a 80%, não foi possível com os dados avaliados afirmar diferenças nos óbitos por causas externas entre as duas ocupações. Apesar deste estudo não apresentar poder suficiente para demonstrar associação entre a circunstância do óbito e a profissão, sua relevância encontra-se na descrição do perfil epidemiológico destes profissionais em relação às mortes por causas externas. O seu conhecimento pode orientar ações preventivas em relação a essa causa de mortalidade, contribuindo para medidas de saúde pública.
La Interrupción Terapéutica del Embarazo como Derecho Humano a la Salud. Un análisis desde el Bioderecho.
Authors: Marín Mora Alejandro Alfieri , Morales Muñoz Karla
Published: March 2017

Actualmente en Latinoamérica lo referente al Aborto abre el debate ético-jurídico en torno a la legalización del proceso. Si bien el debate sobre el Aborto está aún lejos de agotarse. Se pretende con esa revisión circunscribir la discusión específicamente a la Interrupción Terapéutica del Embarazo, entendiendo esta como un derecho a la salud de las mujeres, que ha sido plasmado en la jurisprudencia constitucional, y ha sido reconocido en la mayoría de las legislaciones tanto en América como en Europa. El Bioderecho nos otorga una nueva perspectiva de análisis de la Interrupción Terapéutica del Embarazo al abordar el problema desde tres corrientes, biológica, ética y juridica,; además nos permitimos mediante ejercicios de derecho comparado y análisis de los razonamientos jurisprudenciales, aproximarnos a conclusiones con respecto de un problema de salud que afrontan miles de mujeres.
Argumentos dos atores processuais nas causas jurídicas sobre saúde no Estado da Bahia, Brasil.
Authors: Barbosa Ramos Edith Maria
Published: March 2017

Objetivos: trata o artigo da análise dos argumentos fáticos, principiológicos, econômicos, de gestão pública e processuais nas causas judicias sobre saúde no Estado da Bahia com o objetivo de conhecer os discursos proferidos nas causas sobre saúde do autor, do réu e do juiz. Método: levantamento das decisões judiciais no Tribunal de Justiça da Bahia e leitura das peças processuais correspondentes aos atores processuais selecionados: petição inicial, contestação e sentença nos anos de 2012 e 2013. Resultados: foram encontrados 6.339 processuais em 2012 e 1.149 petições iniciais em 2013. Foram validados 64 processos, com 8 demandas iniciadas e sentenciadas no ano de 2012 e 56 demandas iniciadas e sentenciadas no ano de 2013. Das 64 demandas validadas 62 não obtiveram apoio de qualquer tipo de associação e apenas 2 demandantes receberam apoio de associação. As principais prestações de saúde solicitadas foram:  11 aquisição de medicamentos; 11 exames e 10 vagas em leito de UTI , seguidas de 5 cirurgias; 5 aquisição de produtos de saúde e 5 tratamento de saúde. O argumento mais proeminente foi por questões de gestão. Conclusão: os argumentos mais frequentes foi o da má-gestão da política pública.
Fragmentación de la Red Natura 2000 por infraestructuras viarias de transporte en Mallorca
Authors: Rosselló-Melis R. , Lorenzo-Lacruz J.
Published: March 2017

La fragmentación de hábitats está considerada como una de las principales causas de la actual crisis de biodiversidad. Particularmente, la presencia de infraestructuras lineales de transporte representa una de las principales causas de la fragmentación de hábitats y sus efectos suponen una amenaza para la diversidad y riqueza de los hábitats y para la capacidad de dispersión de las especies. En este estudio se realiza una evaluación del estado de fragmentación de los hábitats de la Red Natura 2000 (LIC y ZEPA) de Mallorca (Islas Baleares) y se analiza su relación con las infraestructuras viarias de transporte, a partir de la aplicación de distintos indicadores fisiográficos y morfométricos. En líneas generales, los análisis realizados muestran un mayor grado de fragmentación de los hábitats Natura 2000 del norte de la isla y de la parte occidental de la Sierra de Tramuntana. Estos últimos también presentan una mayor vulnerabilidad ante las perturbaciones externas, con una mayor proporción de hábitat de borde respecto al hábitat interior. En cuanto a los impactos causados por las carreteras, si bien la media de uso de las infraestructuras que atraviesan espacios mallorquines protegidos se sitúa en 5.500 vehículos/día, las mayores afecciones por tráfico rodado se concentran en determinados tramos de la sierra de Tramuntana y en el norte de la isla (bahía de Pollença, bahía de Alcudia y Artá), donde la intensidad de uso supera los 10.000 vehículos diarios.
Erosion processes on different relief units: the relationship of form and process
Authors: Iserloh T. , Wirtz S. , Seeger M. , Marzolff I. , Ries J.B.
Published: March 2017

Geomorphological relief units are related to certain processes and the history of their development. They are well defined by form and material. This study investigates erosion processes on different relief units. Rainfall simulations, rill experiments and monitoring by aerial photography were performed on dunes, glacis, Holocene fillings, talus material and Quaternary loam terraces in order to analyse the varying process intensities. Splash, interrill erosion and runoff generation were quantified by rainfall simulation experiments, rill erosion by rill experiments and gully growth by monitoring over several years. The test sites are situated in NE- and SE-Spain, S-Morocco and N-Burkina Faso. The results clearly show that the measured processes are very different from those supposed to be relevant for the formation of relief units. Dunes and Holocene fillings are highly erodible by splash and interrill erosion. In contrast, Quaternary loam terraces show a low susceptibility to erosion processes. We conclude that the relief units show very different dominances of erosion processes and process intensities. The differentiation is more significant with increasing scale and complexity of the erosion process: The extent of gully growth varies much more between the different units than those of splash and interrill erosion do.
Comparison of conventional and ultrasonologically guided fine needle aspiration cytology of the solitary nodule of the thyroid gland
Authors: N. R. Sajikumar , V. Ramkumar
Published: March 2017

Background: Solitary nodule of the thyroid can be a manifestation of a diversity of diseases affecting the thyroid gland. FNAC is the initial diagnostic investigation of choice in the work up of such patients. The study aimed to assess the impact of adding ultrasonographic assistance to FNAC in patients with such nodules.Methods: 100 patients with solitary nodule of thyroid were included in the study. 50 patients each underwent ultrasound guided FNAC and conventional FNAC. The patients proceeded to definitive surgery and the histopathological report was compared to the FNAC report.Results: The sensitivity (90.0 % v/s 83.3 %), negative predictive power (97.6 % v/s 95 %) and accuracy ( 98 % v/s 96%) of USG guided FNAC was higher than that of conventional FNAC. The false positivity rate (10 % v/s 16.7 %) of USG guided FNAC was found to be lower than that of conventional FNAC. These findings, which apparently showcase the advantages of USG guided FNAC, were not proven to be statistically significant.Conclusions: The database of our retrospective study regarding age and sex incidence, clinicopathological features and therapeutic outcome was comparable to other studies in various literatures.
Diagnostic and prognostic significance of procalcitonin in septicemia
Authors: Khan Azhar Ali , Singh Reeta , Singh Pavan Kumar
Published: March 2017

Background: Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment with adequate antimicrobial therapy are essential for successful treatment. Despite the use of available treatment modalities mortality in sepsis remains high, often due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled from Nehru Hospital, B.R.D. Medical College, Gorakhpur during the study period July 2013 to July 2014. All the patients were subjected to detailed clinical examination and investigations.  Patient’s clinical profile, progression of disease and outcome were recorded. PCT and various other relevant factors were measured in all study subjects. The study was designed to assess the levels of serum PCT in patients with septicemia and to see whether serum PCT level correlates with severity of septicemia and survival outcome.Results: Procalcitonin is a useful marker for severity of infection. High procalcitonin level is highly specific for infection. Low procalcitonin level cannot be used safely to exclude the presence of infection. Higher level of serum procalcitonin predicts mortality better than other parameters available.Conclusions: From present study we can conclude that although sepsis is mainly a clinical diagnosis and its severity can be assessed by scores like APACHE II, but serum procalcitonin is a good marker for the assessing severity of the sepsis. Serum procalcitonin can aid in early diagnosis as it appears in blood earlier than other markers.
Em busca da história perdida: resgate do patrimônio imaterial da cidade de Areia/PB
Authors: Costa Sinthya Pinheiro , Silva Sáskia Lavyne Barbosa da , Melo Adriano Ferreira de , Félix Diego Luis Dos Santos , Silva Gilberto Batista da , Costa Lucineide Clementino da
Published: March 2017

O patrimônio cultural e natural é fonte insubstituível de vida e inspiração, nosso ponto de referência, nossa identidade.Todos os vestígios deixados pelas gerações passadas são fontes históricas que podem ser analisadas pelos historiadores para produzir conhecimento histórico.  Com tanto valor cultural, a cidade foi escolhida como cenário do projeto de extensão que objetivava resgatar o patrimônio imaterial da cidade de Areia/PB a partir das histórias contadas por pessoas da comunidade, que dispunham de informações que contribuíssem para fortalecer os valores e a herança cultural deste povo. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizado um diagnóstico do patrimônio imaterial da cidade definindo as fontes das informações e posteriormente realizado um resgate da história contada através das escutas a comunidade. A partir dos dados coletados, chegou-se a 14 sujeitos que partilharam sua história, valores, tradição, arte. Estes sujeitos e sua história compuseram uma exposição fotográfica e serviram como inspiração na elaboração de um Cordel. A exposição teve 304 visitantes e aconteceu no Casarão José Rufino, na cidade de Areia.
Leucoplasia Oral: conceitos e repercussões clínicas
Authors: Ramos Ruth Tramontani , Paiva Camilla Rodrigues , Filgueiras Andreza Maria De Oliveira , Silva-Junior Geraldo Oliveira , Cantisano Marília Heffer , Ferreira Dennis De Carvalho , Ribeiro Marcia
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: o trabalho tem por objetivo revisar a literatura contemplando a atualização dos conceitos atuais sobre a leucoplasia oral (LO) e as suas repercussões clínicas. Material e Métodos: foram selecionados artigos científicos publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2016, através dos bancos de dados MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel Sistem online), PUBMED (Publicações Médicas) e LILACS (Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) utilizando como palavras-chave: Leucoplasia, carcinoma de células escamosas, desordens potencialmente malignas, lesões pré-malignas, terminologia. Foram selecionados 30 artigos em português e inglês em sua versão completa. Resultados: o termo leucoplasia deve ser usado para identificar placas brancas com possibilidade de malignização excluindo outras doenças ou desordens conhecidas que não demonstrem um risco aumentado para o câncer. Conclusão: concluiu-se que os conceitos sobre leucoplasia oral dentro das desordens potencialmente malígnas insere o potencial de transformação maligna, ressaltando a importância do reconhecimento e diagnóstico precoce.
Associação incomum entre queilite glandular e queilite actínica
Authors: Werneck Juliana Tristão , Leite Taiana Campos , Miranda Ana Maria De Oliveira , Dias Eliane Pedra , Cunha Karin Soares Gonçalves , Silva Júnior Arley
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: nosso objetivo é relatar a ocorrência simultânea de ambas as doenças no lábio inferior de uma paciente de meia-idade. Relato de Caso: apresentou quadro clínico compatível com queilite glandular e queilite actínica, confirmado pelo exame histopatológico. Conclusão: a importância do presente caso é a rara ocorrência concomitante de ambas as condições, com especial preocupação com o potencial de malignidade relacionado a ambas as doenças.
The study of the impacts of â€˜Runningâ€™ on the contact area of soles and maximal strength among elite middle distance runners
Authors: Uzun Ahmet , Aydos Latif , Kaya Metin , Yuksel Mehmet Fatih , Pekel Hacı Ahmet
Published: March 2017

It is possible that running training for many years in athletics affects athletes' running patterns and sole structure. The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of maximal force applied to the floor area and contact area of the athletes with related to mid-distance training for athletics. 18 male athletes who represent Turkey on the International area and another 25 male volunteers who form the control group from the participants of the study. The sole pressure measurement of the participants was performed through the use of EMED-SF (Novel H, Munich, Germany) plantar pressure analysis system (pedobarographic analysis).  In the study, significant differences were found in heel medial, heel lateral, foot middle, 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatars heads and left foot 3rd, 4th, 5th finger in the contact area values of the right and left foot averages. Besides, significant differences were found in heel medial, middle part of feet, 2nd and 3rd metatars heads and 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th fingers in maximal force values. Athletes have pressed on sole of the feet more as a result of long-term training and as a consequence this pressure caused a change of the soles contact area and maximal strength. Also it can be said that they have used forefront part of soles more actively during running and walking.

 

Keywords: runner foot sole, contact area, middle distance, pedobarographic.
Differences in anger, aggression, bullying among adolescents in different self-esteem groups
Authors: Valiune Dovile , Perminas Aidas
Published: March 2017

The purpose of the study was to compare anger, aggression, bullying among adolescents in three self-esteem groups. Rosenberg Self-esteem scale and Buss & Perry Aggression questionnaire were used for the study. Bullying was measured with questions:Â  How often have you been bullied by other students? How often have you bullied someone? 575 adolescents participated in the study. Results showed that the scores of physical aggression, anger, hostility, bullying victims wereÂ  significantly higher in lowest self-esteem group compared with middle and high self-esteem groups among girls. It was found that the scores of anger were significantly higher in lowest self-esteem group compared with middle and high self-esteem groups among boys. The scores of hostility were significantly higher in lowest self-esteem group compared with middle and highest self-esteem groups among boys. Also the hostility was significantly higher in middle self-esteem group compared with the highest self-esteem group among boys. The scores of bullying victims were significantly higher in lowest self-esteem group compared with highest self-esteem groups among boys. The results indicated that the issue of adolescent anger related problem such hostility, bullying victims, self-esteem must be underlined in educational and counseling programs.Â Â Keywords: anger; aggression; bullying; self-esteem; adolescence.Â Â
Prediction of Periodontitis Occurrence: Influence of Classification and Sociodemographic and General Health Information
Authors: Leite Fábio R.M. , Peres Karen G. , Do Loc G. , Demarco Flávio F. , Peres Marco A.A.
Published: March 2017

Background: Prediction of periodontitis development is challenging. Use of oral health–related data alone, especially in a young population, might underestimate disease risk. This study investigates accuracy of oral, systemic, and socioeconomic data on estimating periodontitis development in a population‐based prospective cohort.

Methods: General health history and sociodemographic information were collected throughout the life‐course of individuals. Oral examinations were performed at ages 24 and 31 years in the Pelotas 1982 birth cohort. Periodontitis at age 31 years according to six classifications was used as the gold standard to compute area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Multivariable binomial regression models were used to evaluate the effects of oral health, general health, and socioeconomic characteristics on accuracy of periodontitis development prediction.

Results: Complete data for 471 participants were used. Periodontitis classifications with lower thresholds yielded superior predictive power. Calculus, pocket, or bleeding presence at age 24 years separately presented fair accuracy. Accuracy increased using multivariable models; for example, the Beck et al. classification AUC from 0.59 to 0.75 combining proportion of teeth with calculus, bleeding, or pocket with income; number of lost teeth; sex; education; people living in the house; prosthetic needs; or number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT). Proportion of teeth with pocket, bleeding, or calculus; number of DMFT; toothbrushing frequency; blood pressure; sex; and income were most frequently associated.

Conclusions: Choice of classification might have an impact on accuracy to predict periodontitis occurrence. Regardless of the classification, predictive value for development of periodontitis in young adults might be increased by combining periodontal information, sociodemographic information, and general health history.
A Sialidase‐Deficient Porphyromonas gingivalis Mutant Strain Induces Less Interleukin‐1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α in Epi4 Cells Than W83 Strain Through Regulation of c‐Jun N‐Terminal Kinase Pathway
Authors: Li Chen , Yang Xue , Pan Yaping , Yu Ning , Xu Xiaoyu , Tong Tong , Tang Xiaolin , Zhang Dongmei , Liu Jingbo , Lin Li
Published: March 2017

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major periodontal pathogens. In a previous study, a mouse abscess model showed that sialidase deficiency of P. gingivalis weakened its virulence, but the mechanism behind this observation remains unknown.

Methods: A sialidase‐deficient mutant strain (△PG0352) and a complemented strain (com△PG0352) were constructed. Epi4 cells were stimulated by wild‐type strain P. gingivalis W83, △PG0352, or com△PG0352. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction was carried out to detect expression of virulent genes in P. gingivalis and interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α in epi4 cells. Activities of sialidase, gingipains, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were compared among the different P. gingivalis strains. Levels of IL‐1β and TNF‐α in the epi4 cells supernatant were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and levels of p38, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and phospho‐c‐Jun were detected by western blotting.

Results: Compared with P. gingivalis W83 and com△PG0352, activities of Kgp and Rgp gingipains and amount of LPS decreased in △PG0352, whereas there were no differences in LPS activity among these three strains. Level of phospho‐JNK was lower in epi4 cells stimulated by △PG0352. △pG0352 induced less IL‐1β and TNF‐α and more IL‐8 in epi4 cells; differences in IL‐1β and TNF‐α could not be detected after JNK blocking.

Conclusion: A sialidase‐deficient P. gingivalis mutant strain induces less IL‐1β and TNF‐α in epi4 cells than W83 strain through regulation of JNK pathway.
Značilnosti publiciranja na področju gozdno-lesne verige in njihov vpliv na vrednotenje področij v sklopu evalvacij raziskovalnih dosežkov - pregled objav
Authors: Peteh Maja , Južnič Primož
Published: March 2017

This article presents an overview of bibliometric research in the scientific fields of forestry, wood and paper sciences and highlights the characteristics of publishing in these areas, particularly those that affect the results of the evaluation process and, consequently, the development of these fields. Articles published in scholarly journals are considered important for the development of the scientific field and professional terminology, therefore the review focuses mainly on the specifics in the area of scientific publishing. Although forestry, wood and paper science comprise a single wood value chain, publications mainly cover only the forestry as a result of the interdisciplinary areas, different science classification schemes, narrow research areas, their role in the society. Research work under study focuses mainly on the publications indexed by citation databases WoS and Scopus. Some studies also present the findings on the level of individual institutions or countries. Publication of scientific papers in the field of forestry has an important impact on further development and continuation of journals in this field; especially in less common languages. An important part of articles in these fields is published in the journals which are not classified as forestry-associated indicating interdisciplinarity of the fields, cooperation between authors from different areas, as well as the impact of the evaluation policy on publishing patterns.
Atividade pesqueira dos índios Mura no Lago Ayapuá, Baixo Rio Purus, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Coimbra Artur Bicelli , Terra Adriana Kulaif , Mazurek Rosélis Remor de Souza , Pereira Henrique dos Santos , Beltrão Hélio , Sousa Raniere Garcez Costa
Published: March 2017

A pesca artesanal apresenta grande importância para as comunidades indígenas Amazônicas, como meio de subsistência e pelas marcas culturais e de tradição dessas comunidades. Neste estudo analisamos a pesca desenvolvida em quatro comunidades indígenas da etnia Mura da Terra Indígena Lago Ayapuá (TI-LA) no baixo rio Purus. Caracterizou-se a pesca quanto à composição e importância das espécies em peso e número de indivíduos, estrutura e tamanho dos indivíduos capturados, e peso total das capturas, entre outubro e dezembro de 2008. As espécies mais comercializadas foram o aruanã (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum), pescada (Plagioscion squamosissimus), as “feras” (dourada, Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii e filhote Brachyplatystoma filamentosum) e o tucunaré Cichla monoculus. Já as espécies mais consumidas foram aruanã, tucunaré, piranha-caju (Pygocentrus nattereri) e acará-açu (Astronotus crassipinni). Espécies como tucunaré e pescada apresentam tamanhos de captura dentro dos padrões permitidos pela legislação. No entanto, o acará-açu, aruanã, tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), surubim (Pseudoplatystoma punctifer), caparari (Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum), filhote e dourada não apresentam o mesmo padrão legal. A maior parte da produção (87%) foi destinada para a comercialização com barcos atravessadores. Medidas mitigatórias e preventivas são propostas para garantir a permanência dos estoques pesqueiros e consequentemente a sustentabilidade da pesca e a manutenção da população ribeirinha local.
Bring Back the Bureaucrats by John J. DiIulio, Jr.
Authors: Brunjes Benjamin M.
Published: March 2017

DiIulio, J. J. (2014). Bring Back the Bureaucrats. West Conshohocken, PA: Templeton Press. $12.95 (paperback), ISBN: 978-59947-467-0.
Exploring the Relationship Between Public Service Motivation and Formal and Informal Volunteering
Authors: Clerkin Richard M. , Fotheringham Eric
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we apply public service motivation to the ongoing discussion of formal and informal volunteering and whether these are two distinct constructs or variations on the same theme. This exploratory research uses survey data of undergraduate students reporting their participation in both types of volunteering activities. Using structural equation modeling, these formal and informal volunteering activities show different influences on three dimensions of PSM. In addition to PSM, high school volunteering and religiosity have direct effects on rates of formal volunteering, which in turn positively influence the PSM dimensions of civic duty and self-sacrifice. Being an Evangelical Christian is associated with increased informal volunteering, which is positively related to the PSM compassion dimension. These results indicate that the different dimensions of PSM, and how formal and informal volunteering influences them, should be useful tools for scholars and practitioners seeking to understand these distinct types of pro-social behaviors.
Glenoid Erosion Leading to Contact with Retained Metallic Suture Anchors: Bilateral Metallosis After Bilateral Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Mitchell Justin J. , Tahal Dimitri S. , Katthagen J. Christoph , Vap Alexander R. , Millett Peter J.
Published: March 2017

Case:

Hemiarthroplasty of the shoulder is commonly indicated for younger patients with osteoarthritis who desire to continue recreational and employment activities. In patients who have undergone prior shoulder surgery, metallic suture anchors may be present in the glenoid. We present a case of bilateral shoulder metallosis following bilateral resurfacing hemiarthroplasty for arthropathy in the setting of previous shoulder instability; the prostheses caused eventual glenoid erosion, leading to contact with the retained metal anchors.

Conclusion:

Because glenoid erosion is a common complication after shoulder hemiarthroplasty, patients with retained metal anchors are at risk for secondary metallosis due to medial protrusion of the prosthesis in the glenoid, with subsequent erosion of the metal anchors.
A Rare Case of Congenital Tibiofemoral Fusion with Bilateral Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency
Authors: Imthiaz V.K. , Shah Krupa , Shah Hitesh
Published: March 2017

Case:

We report a unique combination of neonatal bilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency with a congenital tibiofemoral fusion of the right leg.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, the combination of proximal femoral focal deficiency and the congenital absence of the knee joint in a child has not previously been reported.
Tears of the Subscapularis Tendon
Authors: Ono Yohei , Sakai Tadahiro , Carroll Michael J. , Lo Ian K.Y.
Published: March 2017

➢ With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy, the diagnosis and treatment of subscapularis tendon tears have been increasingly reported.

➢ The patient history and physical examination findings are important to heighten the suspicion of a subscapularis tendon tear and to distinguish acute traumatic tears from degenerative tears.

➢ While nonoperative treatment is the primary option for subscapularis tendon tears, surgery may be considered for acute traumatic tears and tears for which nonoperative treatment has failed.

➢ Both open and arthroscopic subscapularis tendon repairs have provided good clinical outcomes.

➢ For arthroscopic repair, maximizing visualization is paramount to recognizing the subscapularis tendon tear and allowing anatomical repair.
Fragility Fractures of the Pelvis
Authors: Rommens Pol Maria , Wagner Daniel , Hofmann Alexander
Published: March 2017

➢ Fragility fractures of the pelvis exhibit different morphological characteristics and occur as a result of different mechanisms than high-energy pelvic ring lesions. The degree of instability may increase over time.

➢ A new comprehensive classification system distinguishes between different degrees of instability and different locations of the fractures in the posterior pelvic ring.

➢ The majority of fragility fractures of the pelvis have nondisplaced components in the posterior part of the pelvic ring. These types of fragility fractures are treated nonoperatively with pain therapy and mobilization as tolerated. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to ameliorate the general condition of the patient and to treat underlying metabolic abnormalities.

➢ Because one of the primary goals of treatment is functional recovery, restoring stability is more important than restoring perfect anatomy.

➢ Less-invasive stabilization techniques are preferable to open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of posterior and anterior pelvic ring instabilities.
Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Dekker Travis J. , Dekker Paige K. , Tainter David M. , Easley Mark E. , Adams Samuel B.
Published: March 2017

➢ Osteochondral lesions of the talus remain difficult pathological entities to treat and require the utilization of a combination of conventional radiographs, computed tomographic scans, and magnetic resonance images to determine osseous involvement. Along with the size of the lesion, these characteristics will dictate the treatment required to obtain a satisfactory clinical result.

➢ Operative treatment should be reserved for patients who have mechanical symptoms following an acute osteochondral lesion of the talus or who are not satisfied with the result after 3 to 6 months of nonoperative treatment.

➢ The gold standard of operative treatment for lesions measuring <1.5 cm2 remains microfracture. Repair, replacement, or regenerative procedures should be considered for patients with refractory lesions or larger lesions.
Anterior Approach for Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: Dekker Robert G. , Kadakia Anish R.
Published: March 2017

End-stage ankle arthritis may be treated successfully with either an ankle arthrodesis or arthroplasty. Both surgical interventions have demonstrated success with regard to pain relief and function. Ankle arthrodesis is indicated for patients with recalcitrant ankle pain despite appropriate nonoperative intervention. Patients who have a history of posttraumatic arthritis from a high-energy injury, soft-tissue compromise, limited range of motion, or deformity may be superior candidates for arthrodesis. The surgical technique can be undertaken with either an open or an arthroscopic approach. An open anterior approach with an anatomic precontoured locking plate is ideal for patients with deformity and/or bone loss. Additionally, the use of a precontoured plate assists with achieving a neutral alignment in both the coronal and the sagittal plane, which is critical to the long-term success of the procedure. No hardware, however, substitutes for appropriate surgical technique, which is the focus of this video article.

The procedure includes the following steps:

An anterior extensile incision is made immediately lateral to the anterior tibial tendon, extending to the level of the talonavicular joint.

Dissection is taken with care to avoid the superficial peroneal nerve in the distal aspect of the incision. The extensor retinaculum is incised either longitudinally or in a z-shaped fashion to facilitate closure.

Deep dissection may be taken through the sheath of the anterior tibial tendon, which substantially decreases the risk of injury to the deep neurovascular bundle. Alternatively, dissection may be taken through the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) to avoid violation of the anterior tibial tendon sheath. The neurovascular bundle is directly posterior to the EHL at the level of the ankle joint.

The ankle joint is exposed, with the removal of tibial and talar osteophytes.

The joint surfaces are prepared.

The precontoured ankle arthrodesis plate, which is used to improve alignment, is positioned and placed.

Compression is achieved using the “Achilles tension band technique,” which furthers compression through the ankle.

An additional transarticular screw is placed.

The expected outcome of the procedure, based on recent clinical outcomes, is osseous union, and the rate of union has been reported to range from 91% to 96%. Improvement in function and pain relief are associated with a successful arthrodesis. Despite a slow deterioration of functional outcomes and radiographic progression of arthritis, clinical improvement with a high rate of patient satisfaction has been noted at a mean of 9 years postoperatively.
Aportaciones a la salud de los mexicanos
Authors: Frenk Julio
Published: March 2017

Me emociona profundamente estar hoy aquí para celebrar con ustedes el trigésimo aniversario del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública y el nonagésimo quinto aniversario de la Escuela de Salud Pública de México. Debemos sentirnos felices, pues hay muy buenas razones para celebrar. Varias de estas razones se exponen en el libro que me pidieron comentar y que resume las aportaciones del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) a las políticas públicas..