bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response of the global ITCZ to different ENSO phases and how the ITCZ determined from the maximum precipitation compares with the surface tropical winds convergence
Authors: Ramotubei Teke Solomon , Landman Willem Adolf , Mateyisi Mohau M , Nangombe Shingirai S , Beraki Asmerom F
Published: April 2024

The position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) may lead to
drying/flooding in some parts of the world. Its spatial and temporal
variation responds to well-established oscillation processes like the
El-Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This research establishes the
response of the ITCZ position to the ENSO phases and how its position,
determined from maximum precipitation, relates to the convergence of
surface tropical winds. The ERA5 reanalysis data, 1990 – 2020, is used
in this study. Each longitude is scanned for latitude of maximum
precipitation, during each El-Niño/La-Niña/Neutral years, within the
20°N/S latitude range to identify the ITCZ position. The study concludes
that the position established by the maximum precipitation aligns with
the surface tropical winds convergence over the global oceanic areas. On
seasonal average, the La-Niña related ITCZ position is consistently
southward of its El-Niño position over Africa and Central Pacific Ocean.
The study uncovered that the extreme cases of El-Niño/La-Niña leads to
further north/south shifting of the ITCZ position from its normal
El-Niño/La-Niña positions. The continental and Atlantic Ocean ITCZ is
more persistent and shows a minimal fluctuation during the
El-Niño/La-Niña. Over Africa, cross-wavelet analysis shows common
high-power features in the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) and ITCZ signals
over a four-year periodicity, mirroring the ENSO periodicity albeit with
slowly varying time lag across the years. The cross-correlation of the
two signals is strongest in Austral summer (DJF). The global and
temporal ITCZ shifts open an opportunity for improved interpretation of
seasonal forecasts of hydroclimatic events, especially under climate
change conditions
Oncogenesis and autoimmunity as a result of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Kyriakopoulos Anthony M , Nigh Greg , McCullough Peter A , Seneff Stephanie
Published: April 2024

When an antigen stimulates the immune system, specific T regulatory
(Treg) and T effector (Teff) subpopulations develop from naïve T cells.
The Treg cell population will produce the memory Treg (mTreg) cells
against that specific antigen. An inappropriate homeostatic balance
among Teff, Treg and mTreg cells can direct the immune system toward
either cancer or autoimmunity. When cancer is present, Treg cells
suppress anti-tumor immunity, and, when cancer is absent, Treg cells
play the beneficial role of preventing the development of autoimmunity.
In this review, we analyze Treg responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA
vaccination and find distinct pathological responses under differing
conditions. In cancer patients, the degree of disease progression
depends on the cancer status at the time of vaccination and the type of
cancer treatment they receive concurrently. We hypothesize that
migration of circulating dendritic cells and mTreg cells back to the
thymus accelerates thymic involution, a direct cause of
immunosenescence. In summary, the Treg responses produced after mRNA
vaccination and the subsequent mRNA-encoded SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
expression may lead to a harmful influence on the immune system of
vaccinees, and subsequent accelerated development of cancer and
autoimmune disease. These mechanisms are consistent with both
epidemiological findings and case reports.
THE EFFECT OF ADDITIONAL DOSES OF CURCUMA FLOUR (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) IN FEED ON THE GROWTH OF GOURAMY (Osphronemus gouramy) FRY
Authors: Wardani Rizka Maulina , Herman Roffi Grandiosa , Haetami Kiki , Iskandar Iskandar
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum content of the addition of curcuma flour with different doses to the feed on the growth of gourami fry (Osphronemus gouramy). The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) experimental method, which consisted of 5 treatments with 3 replications. The treatment used was treatment (A) without giving curcuma flour (control), (B) giving curcuma flour at 2.5%/kg feed, (C) giving curcuma flour at 5%/kg feed, (D) giving curcuma flour ginger at 7.5%/kg feed, (E) giving curcuma flour at 10%/kg feed. The results of analysis of variance (Anova) showed that the addition of the flour at different doses had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth of gouramy fish fry. The results showed that the addition of curcuma flour at 7.5%/kg of feed gave the best results with the highest absolute weight growth of 15.11 ± 0,42 g, the highest absolute length growth of 3.92 ± 0,42 cm, the feed conversion ratio of 1.95 ± 0.11, and survival of 100%. Keywords: Gouramy fish, curcuma flour, growth, feed.
SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF SHEREDDED SPICED FISH FORMULATIONS WITH DIFFERENT PROCESSING TREATMENTS
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Akhyar Gusri , Julita Sela
Published: April 2024

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a type of fish cultivated by local people in Lake Ranau, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. Fish is easily damaged by chemical and microbiological processes, so proper handling and processing is needed to extend its shelf life. Shredded spiced fish is an innovative diversification of shredded fish product made from tilapia fish ori-ginating from Lake Ranau with added of multi-spices. Multi-spices are known to have high antioxidant content, so they can improve the quality and develop the taste of shredded spiced fish product.  The multi spices seasoning formulation and process stages greatly influence the characteristics of the shredded produced.  This research aims to study the formulation and processing treatment of the sensory characteristics of the best shredded spices fish. Determining the best formulation and processing treatment was determined using the sensory test method, namely a scoring test involving 30 panelists, then the data was processed using Microsoft Excel 2021. The result showed that the shredded spiced fish product with sample code 212 (without stir-frying) produced the best characteristics with a texture parameter value of 3.85; fragrance 4.05; colors 4.85; and tasted 4 with a total score of 16.75. Keywords: Multi spices, organoleptic, process stages, sheredded fish, tilapia.
ANALYSIS OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE UTILIZATION OF THREADFIN BREAM (Nemipterus sp.) LANDED AT LEMPASING FISHING PORT, BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Putriani Rizha Bery , Lahay Almira Fardani , Putri Septi Malidda Eka , Julian David
Published: April 2024

The waters of Lampung Bay have high potential resources for threadfin bream (Nemipterus sp.). This fish has significant economic value as a diverse food ingredient. However, currently, the body size of threadfin bream found tends to be uniform and even smaller due to continuous overfishing. The research was conducted to assess the status of utilization of threadfin bream resources in the waters of Lampung Bay based on five important aspects, namely ecology, economics, social, technological and institutional. The research was carried out in May 2023 at Lempasing Fishing Port, Bandar Lampung City, with data collection through observation and interviews. Data analysis used the multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) method using the Rapfish (rapid appraisal for fisheries) application to evaluate the sustainability of the use of threadfin bream. The results of the analysis show that the sustainability index value for the use of threadfin bream in the waters of Lampung Bay is as follows: ecological dimension 48.59; economic dimension 36.80; social dimension 75.00; technology dimension 49.91; and ethical dimension 61.64. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of threadfin bream in the waters of Lampung Bay is quite sustainable, with an average index value of 54.39.Keywords: Ecological dimension, multi-dimensional scaling, Rapfish, sustainability index.
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Pulp Flour as a Non-Conventional Filler in Comminuted Pork: Effect on Physicochemical, Sensory Attributes and Cost of Meatloaves
Authors: Adjei Obed , Sasu Prince , Baidoo Jessica Kukua , Adjei-Mensah Benjamin , Bredu Gifty Amoakoah , Owusu Ansah Theophilus , Attoh-Kotoku Victoria , Appiah Francis , Donkoh Armstrong
Published: April 2024

This study explored the use of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) pulp flour (BFPF) as a filler in meatloaves, partially substituting comminuted pork. Four experimental treatments were formulated: T1 (control) with 0% BFPF, T2 with 5% BFPF, T3 with 10% BFPF, and T4 with 15% BFPF, baking them at 175 °C for 55 minutes. Data on chemical composition, cooking yield, pH, and sensory evaluation were collected. Increasing BFPF levels reduced protein and fat but increased moisture and ash in the meatloaves. Cooking yield significantly improved (p < 0.001), ranging from 751.7 g/kg DM (T1) to 835.3 g/kg DM (T5). The pH remained stable (p = 0.350), and taste preferences showed no significant differences (p = 0.283). The cost of meatloaf decreased linearly with higher BFPF inclusion. Replacing comminuted pork with up to 15% BFPF in meatloaf can improve cooking yield and reduce fat and cost without compromising on pH and sensory attributes.
Public-private partnerships and impact investing
Authors: Košábková Karolína
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the application of Impact investing within the framework of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as exemplified on the case study of Treviso. Impact investing represents one the possible tools that can help with combining financial sources and expertise. Utilizing a case study methodology, this paper delves into the dynamics, challenges, and outcomes of this partnership model and the importance of these pioneering projects for future collaborations.
Market concentration and contracting out a public service – case study of the waste collection and disposal service in the municipalities in Central Slovakia
Authors: Murínová Kristína , Mikušová Meričková Beáta
Published: April 2024

Market concentration of a public service is one of the factors influencing the risks associated with contracting out, as described by the principal-agent theory. A monopoly of the service producer (the agent) creates a space for enforcing the producers own interests but not those of a service provider (the principal), whose interest is to provide the public service effectively. Market concentration therefore affects the effectiveness of contracting out said service. The aim of the study is the identification of market concentration of the waste collection and disposal service as a factor affecting the cost effectiveness of contracting out and the contract management quality in the environment of Slovak municipalities. Market concentration is analyzed through a market concentration index, in this case the Herfindahl-Hirschman index. Findings of this study confirm the existence of a high market concentration of the service in the monitored municipalities.
Unlocking the Potential of BIM and VR Integration to Address Construction Challenges in Malaysia’s Building Industry: A Literature Review
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, Zainuddin Nasrin Syahirah , Alias Aidi Hizami ,   Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, Abu Bakar Nabilah ,   Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, Haron Nuzul Azam ,   Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

Delays in project completion, cost overruns, safety risks, and poor communication among project stakeholders are just some of the leading causes of the many problems plaguing Malaysian construction projects. The construction sector in this country is suffering from these significant problems, which could be remedied with the help of emerging technologies, including Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR). Integrating Virtual Reality (IVR) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) may help avoid and resolve such problems during construction. The features allow for remote collaboration, enhanced communication and connection, enhanced immersion and interactivity, and reduced costs. This literature review exemplifies the challenge that arose on a construction site, as well as the potential of VR technology in general and its integration in assisting the construction industry in Malaysia with BIM. Based on the comprehensive analysis conducted, it is evident that the integration of BIM and VR presents a vast potential to alleviate and resolve the pressing construction-related challenges afflicting Malaysia’s construction industry. The effective integration of these innovative technologies can revolutionise the sector by mitigating cost overruns, reducing project delays, enhancing communication, and improving safety outcomes. Therefore, realising the potential and exploring the possibilities of BIM and VR integration is crucial to overcoming the issues and promoting sustainable growth in Malaysia’s construction sector.
Estimativa do balanço hídrico climatológico e classificação climática para Bom Despacho – MG
Authors: Oliveira José Ângeles Moreira de
Published: April 2024

A característica do clima de determinada região influencia diretamente as atividades agrícolas, seja com relação à disponibilidade hídrica ou com relação às variações de temperatura. É essencial o conhecimento dessas características para um melhor planejamento da produção agrícola. O estudo objetivou analisar a disponibilidade hídrica e a classificação climática para Bom Despacho-MG. Foram utilizados dados médios relativos à precipitação e temperatura mensal, compreendendo o período entre 1986 e 2018. Os resultados revelaram que o município apresenta deficiência hídrica anual de 122,0 mm, totalizando seis meses de deficiência hídrica. O excedente hídrico foi observado nos meses de novembro, dezembro, janeiro, fevereiro e março, totalizando 400,0 mm. O município foi caracterizado como sendo de clima mesotérmico, úmido e de pequeno déficit hídrico (B1rB'4b'1).
Global warming, a global energy resource
Authors: Baird Jim
Published: April 2024

Global warming is a thermodynamics problem. When excess heat is added to the climate system, the land warms more quickly than the oceans due to the land’s reduced heat capacity. The oceans have a greater heat capacity because of its higher specific heat and the heat mixing in the upper layer of the ocean. Thermodynamic Geoengineering (TG) is a global cooling method which deployed at scale would generate 1.6 times the world’s current supply of primary energy and remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. The cooling would mirror the ostensible 2008–2013 global warming hiatus. At scale 31,000 1-gigawatt (GW) ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) plants are estimated to be able to: a) displace about 0.8 watts per square meter (W/m2) of average global surface heat from the surface of the ocean to deep water that could be recycled in 226-year cycles, b) produce 31 terawatts (TW) (relative to 2019 global use of 19.2 TW and c) absorb about 4.3 Gt CO2 per year from the atmosphere by cooling the surface. The estimated cost of these plants is $2.1 trillion per year or 30 years to ramp up to 31,000 plants which are replaced as needed thereafter. Compared for example to the cost of world oil consumption that in 2019 was $2.3 trillion for 11.6 TW. The cost of the energy generated is estimated at $0.008/KWh.
Rats and their helminth parasites: Potential zoonosis threats of land use change in the northeastern sub-watersheds of Mount Makiling, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Paller V. G. V. , Fornesa R. N. , Fernandez D. A. P. , Estaño L. A.
Published: April 2024

The continuous challenges of land use change have brought potential threats to biodiversity and the spread of zoonotic diseases. In this study, synanthropic rodents and their helminth parasites were used as sentinels to assess the potential impact of land use on zoonosis. Rats were collected in different ecosystems, namely agricultural, agroforest, and residential areas in the northeastern sub-watersheds of Mount Makiling, Laguna, Philippines. Three (3) species of rats were captured, namely, Rattus tanezumi, Rattus norvegicus, and Rattus exulans. Of the total 180 rats collected, 92.7 % were found infected with helminth parasites, namely Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Taenia pisiformis, and Strobilocercus fasciolaris (cestodes); Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Strongyloides ratti, Capillaria hepatica, Trichuris muris, and Rictularia sp. (nematodes); and Echinostoma ilocanum (trematode). Of these 11 species, nine (9) were considered zoonotic. This study provides important information on the helminth parasites of rats in the northeastern sub-watersheds of Mount Makiling and the potential threat of zoonotic transmission due to increasing land use change and urbanization in the area. Moreover, urbanization can provide favorable eco-epidemiological conditions for rodent-borne pathogens, such as parasites, that are seriously threatening agricultural settings and human settlements in these areas.
Relative egg extraction efficiencies of manual and automated fecal egg count methods in equines
Authors: Britton L. , Ripley B. , Slusarewicz P.
Published: April 2024

The World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology recently released new recommendations for the design of fecal egg count (FEC) reduction tests for livestock. These provide suggestions as to the number of animals to be sampled and the minimum number of eggs that must be counted to produce statistically meaningful results.

One of the considerations for study design is the multiplication factor of the FEC method to be used; methods with lower multiplication factors require fewer animals to be sampled because they are presumed to count more eggs per test. However, multiplication factor is not the sole determinant of the number of eggs counted by any given method, since different techniques use very different sample extraction methodologies that could affect the number of eggs detected beyond just the amount of feces examined.

In this light, we compared three commonly used manual FEC methods (mini-FLOTAC, McMaster and Wisconsin) and two automated methods (Imagyst and Parasight All-in-One) with respect to how many equine strongylid and ascarid eggs they counted in the same samples.

McMaster and mini-FLOTAC (multiplication factors of 25x and 5x, respectively) produced the most accurate results of the methods tested but mini-FLOTAC counted approximately 5-times more eggs than McMaster. However, Wisconsin and Parasight (multiplication factor = 1x) counted 3-times more ova than mini-FLOTAC, which was less than the 5-fold difference in their multiplication factors. As a result, these tests perform with multiplication factors more akin to 1.6x relative to mini-FLOTAC. Imagyst, due to its unique sample preparation methodology, does not have a traditional multiplication factor but performed similarly to McMaster with respect to egg recovery.
First molecular observation on Mylonchulus hawaiiensis from South Africa
Authors: Shokoohi E.
Published: April 2024

During a survey of soil nematodes in South Africa, a species of predatory nematodes, namely Mylonchulus hawaiiensis was recovered from soil in the Magoebaskloof mountain of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The morphology of the material studied fit well with the previous populations of the same species. A molecular study of 18S rDNA region of M. hawaiiensis indicated a 100% similarity between the South African population and the Japanese population of M. hawaiiensis (AB361438; AB361439; AB361440; AB361442). In addition, phylogenetic analysis placed all M. hawaiiensis in a group with 0.97 posterior probability. Additionally, ITS rDNA of M. hawaiiensis amplified for the first time. However, Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a morphological variation among the different populations of M. hawaiiensis. In addition, haplotype analysis also revealed that the South African population is close to the Japanese population. In conclusion, 18S rDNA was a good marker for detecting M. hawaiiensis. Measurement, photographs, and phylogenetic position of South African M. hawaiinesis are given.
Fungsi Kognitif Berhubungan dengan Keseimbangan Dinamis Lansia: Studi Observasional
Authors: Yunita Ni Putu Alvina Dharma , Tianing Ni Wayan , Widnyana M. , Saraswati Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Kemampuan lansia dalam menjaga keseimbangan, baik secara statis maupun dinamis, merupakan aspek yang perlu diperhatikan. Keseimbangan mencakup kemampuan untuk menjaga prediksi pusat gravitasi tubuh pada permukaan yang mendukung, baik saat berjalan, duduk, berdiri, maupun berpindah atau bergoyang. Keseimbangan menjadi hal yang sangat penting dalam menjaga posisi dan stabilitas tubuh ketika bergerak dengan perubahan posisi. Penurunan fungsi kognitif yang umum terjadi pada lansia dapat berkontribusi pada penurunan kualitas hidup, termasuk gangguan dalam menjaga keseimbangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fungsi kognitif dan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia di Desa Guwang, Sukawati, Gianyar.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional yang melibatkan teknik purposive sampling. Sebanyak 41 lansia dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian dengan mempertimbangkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data melibatkan pengukuran keseimbangan dinamis lansia menggunakan Time Up and Go Test (TUG), serta pengukuran fungsi kognitif menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Hasil: Analisis hipotesis menggunakan uji Spearman’s rho menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara fungsi kognitif dan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia di Desa Guwang, Sukawati, Gianyar, dengan nilai p sebesar 0,000 (<0,05).

Simpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara fungsi kognitif dan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia di Desa Guwang, Sukawati, Gianyar.

 

Kata Kunci: keseimbangan dinamis, fungsi kognitif, lansia
Durasi Penggunaan Komputer dengan Risiko Terjadinya Non-Specific Neck Pain pada Pegawai Kantoran
Authors: Naraswari Ni Wayan Krisnawati , Wibawa Ari , Saraswati Putu Ayu Sita , Wahyuni Nila
Published: April 2024

Pendahuluan: Non-specific neck pain merupakan nyeri leher yang sering dihubungkan dengan posisi pekerjaan yang postur atau lehernya tidak dalam keadaan ergonomis. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi non-specific neck pain adalah durasi bekerja yang menggunakan komputer terlalu lama. Penggunaan komputer dengan frekuensi tinggi dalam posisi tubuh yang statis akan meningkatkan risiko sakit dan nyeri pada area otot-otot leher serta menimbulkan rasa ketidaknyamanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan durasi penggunaan komputer dengan risiko terjadinya non-specific neck pain pada pegawai Kantor Kementrian Agama Kota Denpasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik cross sectional. Total sampel dari penelitian ini sebanyak 55 pegawai dengan teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas yaitu durasi penggunaan komputer, serta variabel terikat yaitu non-specific neck pain.

Hasil: Metode analisis data untuk mencari hubungan antara kedua variabel yang digunakan adalah uji chi-square. Diperoleh hasil analisis p=0,002 (p<0,05) dengan prevalensi yang mengalami non-specific neck pain dan menggunakan komputer lebih dari 4 jam sebanyak 28 orang (82,3%).

Simpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara non-specific neck pain dengan durasi penggunaan komputer pada pegawai kantoran.

 

Kata Kunci: non-specific neck pain, durasi penggunaan komputer, pegawai kantor
Tingkat Pengetahuan Bantuan Hidup Dasar Mahasiswa Profesi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Authors: Palaguna I Dewa Gde Bagus Panji , Ariastuti Ni Luh Putu , Widyanthini Desak Nyoman
Published: April 2024

The level of knowledge of basic life support affects the rate of CPR in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. It plays a role in increasing the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. This cross-sectional descriptive study used an online survey with 20 questions related to basic life support. Respondents' answers were processed into good knowledge level (score 76-100%), sufficient (score 56-75%), and less (score <56%), then divided based on the characteristics of the sample and described in narrative form. From a total of 86 respondents, it was found that the characteristics of the study program were 52 (60.5%) medical students, 34 (39.5%) nursing students aged 21-24 years and had experience participating in BLS training, but only 9 (10, 5%) who have experience providing BLS actions. A total of 33 (38.4%) have good knowledge, 43 (50%) have sufficient knowledge, and 10 (11.6%) have poor knowledge. Twenty-nine out of 52 medical student respondents had good knowledge, and 21 out of 34 nursing student respondents had sufficient knowledge. Most respondents with experience doing BLS have good knowledge and sufficient knowledge of respondents who do not have experience of doing so.
PROFIL EFEK SAMPING RADIOTERAPI PADA PASIEN KANKER SERVIKS DI RSUP PROF. DR. I. G. N. G. NGOERAH DENPASAR
Authors: Wulandari Putu Kintan , Budiana I Nyoman Gede , Wijaya Surya I Gede Ngurah Harry , Suwardewa Tjokora Gde Agung
Published: April 2024

Kanker serviks merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar pada wanita di Indonesia. Kanker serviks adalah keadaan tumbuhnya tumor ganas pada sel jaringan serviks. Salah satu pengobatan yang dilakukan sebagai terapi pada kanker serviks adalah radioterapi. Penggunaan radioterapi sendiri tentu memiliki efek samping tersendiri bagi pasien kanker serviks. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil efek samping radioterapi pada pasien kanker serviks di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan consecutive sampling sebagai metode pendekatan dengan jumlah minimal 43 sampel. Sample didapatkan berdasarkan pengambilan data dan wawancara kuesioner yang diambil di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah dan data disajikan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan sampel sebesar 46 sampel dengan usia pasien berada pada rentang 31-60 tahun (89,1%) dengan persentase stadium tertinggi adalah stadium III-IIIC (58,7%). Efek samping yang dirasakan oleh pasien dengan persentase tertinggi adalah kelelahan (78,3%), diikuti dengan penurunan nafsu makan (63,0%), efek samping lainnya (52,2%), mual (43,5%), diare (43,5%), mulas (37,0%), nyeri BAB dan BAK (32,6%), muntah (8,7%), kerontokan rambut (4,3%), cemas dan perubahan kulit (2,2%). Penggunaan radioterapi sebagai terapi penyembuhan kanker serviks tentu memiliki efek samping bagi penggunanya. Efek samping yang sering dirasakan oleh pasien adalah kelelahan, penurunan nafsu makan, mual, muntah, diare, mulas, nyeri BAB, nyeri BAK, perubahan pada kulit, cemas, kerontokan rambut dan lain-lain.
CASE OF HEPATITIS IN SIAMESE CAT
Authors: Amira Nurul , Arjentinia Putu Gede Yudhi , Soma I Gede
Published: April 2024

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver which can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and drugs. However, there are several cases of hepatitis in animals whose cause is unknown, such as what happened to the male Siamese cat in this case report. Therefore, several examinations are carried out to find out the cause and appropriate treatment. Before carrying out the examination, recording the signs and anamnesis is very important. The examination is carried out systematically, namely by clinical and laboratory examination. Laboratory examinations carried out include lesion and cytology examinations (impression tests), hematology examinations, ultrasonography (USG), and anatomical pathology and histology examinations. The results of the ulcer cytology examination using the impression test method found large numbers of neutrophils. CBC examination results revealed that the cat had an infection, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Blood biochemistry results also revealed that the cat had liver damage with increased AST and ALT values. Abdominal ultrasonography also confirms liver damage. Damage to the liver, spleen and kidneys is also visible on microscopic examination (histopathology). Symptomatic therapy is carried out to reduce clinical symptoms, namely by administering Ornipural®, Viamin 34 inject, and Enbatic powder. The cat died after 1 week of administration of Viamin and Enbatic powder, as well as 1 administration of Ornipural®. From the results of the examination that was carried out, the cat had hepatitis. Early treatment by observing clinical symptoms in animals can reduce the severity of a disease.
WIDENING OF THE NIKTITAN MEMBRANE IN THE EYE OF DOMESTIC CATS WITH CHLAMYDIOSIS SUSPECT
Authors: Irawati Silvia , Widyastuti Sri Kayati , Suartha I Nyoman
Published: April 2024

Feline chlamydiosis or chlamydia is an infection caused by a bacterial organism. A local cat named Mio, male, orange and white, aged about 4 months, weighing 1.2 kg, had complaints of sneezing, red eyes and runny nose in the left eye since 2 weeks ago. The condition of the eye has gotten worse since a week ago with the white membrane covering the eyeball. Respiratory examination showed abnormal results, namely the case cat experienced sneezing and had a serous discharge. On examination the eye looks swollen and there is a mucopurulent discharge. The pupil reflex of the left eye is not visible because the nictitan membrane covers almost the entire eyeball. The Schirmer test showed that the case cat was producing excessive tears. Examination using an ophthalmoscope, the pupil of the cat's eye in the left case was not detected due to being covered by a shifting nictitating membrane. the fluorescen test showed a negative result, which means that there was no ulcer on the cornea. CBC examination results showed that the cat had leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. The case cat was diagnosed with dilation of the nictitating membrane and unilateral conjunctivitis with suspected chlamydiosis. Therapy is carried out by administering antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and vitamins. Evaluation on the 8th day after administration of therapy showed slightly improved results. In the left eye inflammation has started to improve. In addition, the mucus in the left eye also began to decrease. We recommend that treatment of case cats be continued for up to 3 weeks and a PCR test should be carried out so that the cause of infection in case cats can be known for sure.
Virtual Reality in The University Classroom: Experiences, Challenges and Opportunities For Teaching in Higher Education
Authors: Mora Víctor Israel Crespo , Paguay Alex Rolando Moyota , Salinas Hector Arrieta , Reinoso Gladys Gioconda Lagos
Published: April 2024

Objective: This article aims to explore virtual reality from its experiences, challenges and opportunities for teaching higher education and learning content from different areas of knowledge.   Methods: This uses a qualitative approach through a documentary search that allows us to know the implementation of virtual research in the classroom as a significant process for teaching university students. The population involved in the research are studies carried out between 2018 - 2024 and the sample is selected using eligibility criteria; on the one hand, the inclusion criteria determining databases such as Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet and Google Scholar and Scopus; On the other hand, articles that do not contain the categories of principles such as virtual reality, teaching and university education are excluded.   Result: As a result, a total of 25 studies were collected from which a discussion is developed about the challenges, opportunities and learning experiences of RVI; This is essential because it determines an implementation path for university teachers in higher education institutions. Thus, it is concluded that the challenges are infrastructure, permanent network connection and the digital skills of teachers; The opportunities are the motivation and positive attitude of learning, interaction and communication, teamwork and academic progress and finally, the experiences determine a development in the student's knowledge and their ability to apply said knowledge in reality. physics through learning experience in simulated reality.
The Impact of Digital Marketing and Innovation on Marketing Performance is Influenced through the Development of a Competitive Advantage
Authors: Muis Indra , Adhi Triyogo Mulyo , Kamalia Rahmadienna Fachrunisa
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this research is to explain how Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) implement digital marketing and innovation, achieve competitive advantage, and improve marketing performance. The study also examines how digital marketing and innovation influence marketing performance through competitive advantage. This study centers on detailing and examining these aspects, involving an investigation carried out on small-scale food and beverage entrepreneurs in Bekasi, Indonesia.
 
Theoretical Framework: Este estudo está fundamentado na Teoria da Visão Baseada em Recursos. Ele enfatiza a importância das capacidades dinâmicas, que são a habilidade de uma empresa ajustar seus recursos e capacidades para se manter competitiva em condições de mercado em constante mudança. As organizações podem manter sua vantagem competitiva e alcançar sucesso a longo prazo ao adaptar-se continuamente e introduzir novas ideias.
 
Method: This study utilizes quantitative methodologies. 100 food and beverage micro business owners were surveyed using the simple random sampling method. The PLS technique is utilized in the data analysis process.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that competitive advantage is positively impacted by digital marketing and innovation. Digital marketing also has a beneficial impact on marketing effectiveness. Competitive advantage plays a role in connecting digital marketing with marketing performance, as well as linking innovation with competitive advantage. Innovation does not impact marketing performance.
 
Research Implications: Entrepreneurs must integrate digital marketing to enhance marketing effectiveness and incorporate digital marketing and innovation to boost competitive edge. It is necessary to engage in constant communication with customers using online platforms, ensure fast and efficient access to information, keep product content up-to-date and in line with current trends, deliver products as scheduled, and provide frequent updates on product availability in the market. They must also implement modifications in their business operations to effectively and efficiently meet the demands and desires of their customers.
 
Originality/Value: This research adds to the existing body of research by validating that digital marketing can enhance marketing effectiveness both directly and through competitive advantage. Innovation does not have a direct impact on marketing performance. In order to enhance the marketing performance of food and beverage MSMEs, innovation must serve as a competitive edge. The MSME owners can be motivated by the research results to adopt digital marketing and innovation, leading to a competitive edge for their products. This will help enhance their marketing performance and ensure long-term sustainability.
Point of Care Ultrasound Identification and Aspiration of a Neck Lymph Node
Authors: Moore Andrew , Mrad Ali , Riley Leonard , Castillo Sonia
Published: April 2024

The tissue diagnosis and staging of all types of lung cancer is foundational for prognosis and establishing the optimal treatment plan. In order to appropriately stage lung cancer, the highest stage should be established using the 8th edition TNM criteria, where tumor size (T), nodal involvement (N), and metastasis (M) are all taken into account. Establishing a tissue diagnosis may involve the use of CT guided biopsy, navigational bronchoscopy, endobronchial biopsy, endobronchial ultrasound, percutaneous lymph node biopsy and/or excisional biopsy of supraclavicular nodes. It is recommended to proceed with the method that is considered least invasive and provides the highest staging. We present a case of recurrent lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed with real time ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of a neck lymph node.
The Application of Point of Care Ultrasound to Screen for Pulmonary Hypertension: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ke Danny Yu Jia , Tso Melissa , Johri Amer
Published: April 2024

Background: Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a condition with several cardiopulmonary etiologies that has the potential of progressing to right heart failure without proper intervention. After a history, physical exam, and investigations, cases of suspected PH typically undergo imaging via a (TTE). This is a resource-intensive procedure that is less accessible in remote communities. However, point of care ultrasound (POCUS), a portable ultrasound administered at the bedside, has potential to aid in the diagnostic process of PH. Methods: The MEDLINE, , and CENTRAL databases were searched to screen the intersection of POCUS and PH. Studies involved adult patients, and only English articles were accepted. Reviews, case reports, unfinished research, and conference abstracts were excluded. Our aim was to identify primary studies that correlated POCUS scan results and additional clinical findings related to PH. Results: Nine studies were included after our search. In these studies, POCUS was effective in identifying dilatation of inferior (IVC); internal jugular vein (IJV); and hepatic, portal, and veins in patients with PH. The presence of pericardial effusion, effusion, or b-lines on POCUS are also associated with PH. Conclusions: This review suggests important potential for the use of POCUS in the initial screening of PH. IVC and basic cardiopulmonary POCUS exams are key for PH screening in patients with . Right-heart dilatation can be visualized, and peripheral veins may be scanned based on clinical suspicion. POCUS offers screening as an extension of a physical exam, with direct visualization of cardiac morphology. However, more studies are required to develop a statistically validated POCUS exam for PH diagnosis. More studies should also be conducted at the primary-care level to evaluate the value of screening using POCUS for PH in less-differentiated patients.
Fabrication of CuO/Au Nanowires on a Copper Substrate for Ultra-Sensitive SERS Sensors
Authors: Anh Tran Thi Ngoc , Danh Sai Cong , Thu Nguyen Thi , Hoang Do Huy
Published: April 2024

To optimize the surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) phenomenon on the surface of noble metals, gold nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of nano-sized copper wires to enhance the dispersion of gold particles on the research surface. A simple experimental procedure was carried out in two stages. First, the thin copper substrate was lightly oxidized with ammonium persulfate in an alkaline environment, then incubated at 200oC for 3 hours to form copper nanowires that exist stably on the substrate surface. Immediately afterward, highly uniform CuO/Au nanowires were formed by the chemical reduction of HAuCl4 on the surface of the oxidized copper plate. The results show that gold nanoparticles of about 5 nm were attached to CuO nanowires with a length of up to 10 µm and a diameter between 100 and 300 nm. The X-ray energy dispersive spectrum demonstrated a uniform distribution of gold particles. The CuO/Au structure was used as a SERS substrate to detect methylene blue at a low concentration of 10 pM corresponding to 2 signals at the peaks 1395 cm−1 and 1625 cm−1 as the C-H and C-C deformation vibrations of the aromatic ring. The logarithms of the methylene blue concentrations were linearly proportional to their SERS signal intensity of methylene blue at the peak of 1625 cm-1  with a value R2 = 0.96. The signals of SERS for methylene blue at twelve different points on the material sample showed no significant differences in both intensity and shape of the spectrum, with an RSD value of 5.9%.
Polypeptide Antibiotic Produced by a Thermo-Halophilic Bacterium from Pria Laot Sabang 76 Isolate
Authors: Febriani Febriani , Suzanni Mulia A. , Rakashiwi Ellenia , Nurdin  , Iqbalsyah Teuku M.
Published: April 2024

Extremophiles are known to produce antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate and purify polypeptide antibiotics from Pria Laot Sabang (PLS) 76, a bacterium isolated from an undersea fumarole. The antibiotic production was done by cultivating PLS 76 in a 2.5% TSB liquid medium and incubated at 70°C, 150 rpm for 112 hours. Ninhydrin assay on the crude supernatant after centrifugation indicated that the PLS 76 produced a polypeptide antibiotic. The supernatant was partitioned using methanol. The antibiotic activity was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method, and the inhibition zone was about 12 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The methanol fraction was purified further by Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and produced several fractions. Fractions with the same Rf were pooled and subjected to the ninhydrin assay. Fraction A, which gave a positive result after the ninhydrin assay, showed an inhibition zone of only 7 mm against E. coli and S. aureus. The Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (QTOF) Mass Spectrometry data indicated that the antibiotic's structure was similar to Polymyxin B2, an antibiotic of a polypeptide group.
Efektifitas Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Kelapa dan Sereh untuk Pembuatan Perisa Alami dengan Biokatalisator Lipase serta Penggunaan Ultrasonik
Authors: Moentamaria Dwina , Amalia Nabila Rizki , Rosita Dwi Chrisnandari  , Irfin Zakijah , Wulan Dyah Ratna
Published: April 2024

In general, flavor are synthesis through enzymatic hydrolysis and esterification reactions (up to 20 hours) using commercial ingredients based on free fatty acids and alcohol. Efficient endeavors utilizing enzymatic transesterification to expedite reactions are necessary to acquire flavored products. Substrates may originate from commercial or natural sources abundant in fatty acids and alcohol. Commercial fatty acids and alcohol (geraniol) are readily available in pure forms. Alternatively, fatty acids can be sourced from coconut oil, while geraniol can be derived from lemongrass oil, which is more cost-effective compared to commercial ingredients. Ultrasonics have emerged as a means to expedite enzymatic. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of ultrasonic power and transesterification reaction time between coconut oil and geraniol on geraniol conversion. Utilizing lipase (415.99 U/g), coconut oil was subjected to transesterification with commercially obtained pure geraniol in a 1:3 weight ratio, conducted in an ultrasonic tank filled with water. Reaction durations spanned 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes, with ultrasonic powers set at 50, 70, and 90 watts. The study findings elucidated that the highest geraniol conversion rate of 50.59% was achieved with 70 watts of ultrasonic power over a 90-minute period. These optimal conditions were subsequently applied to transesterify coconut oil with geraniol from lemongrass oil, yielding a conversion rate of 90.29%. This finding demonsttrate the posibility of employing coconut oil and lemongrass oil in a one-stage transesterification process to produce natural flavors via enzymatic lipase catalysis expedited by ultrasonic technology, facilitating swift reaction times.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper Betle Linn.) sebagai Capping Agent dalam Green Synthesis Spinel Ferit ZnFe2O4 untuk Remediasi Fenol dalam Air dan sebagai Anti Bakteri
Authors: Rahmayeni Rahmayeni , Yuliani Putri , Putri Yulia Eka , Stiadi Yeni
Published: April 2024

The spinel ferrite material ZnFe2O4 was synthesized using a green synthesis approach by the hydrothermal method. In the synthesis, 2M NaOH was used as a mineralizer and betel leaf extract with varying volumes of 1, 3, 5, and 7 mL as a capping agent, then continued with calcination at 500, 600, and 700°C. Several devices, such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, DRS-UV-Vis, and VSM, were used to characterize the synthesized ZnFe2O4 material. The pattern of XRD indicated that the ZnFe2O4 material has a cubic structure, where the increase in crystal size was after calcination. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrum shows the Fe-O interaction at wave numbers 427-417 cm-1, which is located on the octahedral side, while the Zn-O interaction at wave numbers 534-510 cm-1, which is located on the tetrahedral side in spinel ferrite structure. From the DRS UV-Vis spectrum pattern and band gap values, it was found that the material absorbs light in the visible region. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images show that the morphology of the synthesized material is circular. The Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) hysteresis curve shows that the synthesized ZnFe2O4 has paramagnetic properties. The synthesized ZnFe2O4 material has photocatalytic activity towards phenolic compounds with a degradation percentage reaching 62.2%, and this material is active as an antibacterial with an inhibition area of 14.4 for S. aereus bacteria.
التحليل المكاني لخصائص التربة في منطقة مشروع ري دجلة
Authors: احمد منى يوسف , حميد دلي خلف
Published: April 2024

يعد مشروع ري دجلة من المشاريع الإروائية المهمة في العراق بصورة عامة وفي محافظة صلاح الدين بصورة خاصة ، لهذا جاء اختيار موضوع الدراسة كفاءة مشروع ري دجلة لاحتياجات المائية لاهم المحاصيل في ناحة دجلة التابعة لقضاء سامراء ولأنه يقع في منطقة شبه جافه وذات خصائص مناخية متقلبة إذ لا يمكن الاعتماد على كمية الأمطار في تلبية الحاجات المائية في منطقة الدراسة ، وقد نشأت فكرة انشاء المشروع نتيجة لرغبة في التخلص من تعدد المضخات وما تسببه من مشاكل في التشغيل وسوء الارواء في المنطقة حيث تم المباشرة بإنشاء المشروع في عام(1981) وتم الانتهاء منه عام (1984) وتبلغ مساحته الإروائية ضمن للمشروع  ( 18000 ) دونم ، ويبلغ  طول القناة الرئيسية للمشروع فيبلغ ( 22 ) كم، تم في هذا البحث تم اخذ خمس عينات من التربة من مواقع مختلفة من منطقة الدراسة وتم اجراء التحليل المختبري (الفيزيائي والكيميائي ) لتلك العينات واظهرت النتائج صلاحية التربة في منطقة الدراسة لأغراض الزراعة .
تطور الرعاية الصحية في عهد الرئيس هاري ترومان (1945 – 1952)
Authors: محمد سبع الحمداني ندى صالح , جاسم الجنابي غفار جبار
Published: April 2024

إن الحديث عن الرعاية الصحية في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، ونظمها وتطورها، يؤرخ لنظام التأمين الصحي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية بنشأته وتطوره كنظام خاص قائم على التوظيف بالدرجة الأولى، بالرغم من محاولات فرضة كنظام (إلزامي) من خلال الخطط والمشاريع الصحية التي طرحت في المنتصف الاول من القرن العشرين، حينما شهد سوق التأمين الصحي تطوراً كبيراً بداية من هذا التاريخ عندما كان عدد المواطنين الأمريكيين المتمتعين بالتغطية التأمينية في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية (12,3) مليون مواطن حتى اربعينيات القرن الماضي، والذي شهد نمواً خلال مدة الخمسينات الى أن وصل عدد المواطنين الأمريكيين المتمتعين بالتغطية التأمينية حوالي (122,5) مليون مواطن، أي ما يعادل عشرة أضعاف احصائية عقد الأربعينات.
دور الإيلاف في رحلة الشتاء والصيف
Authors: حميد مصلح صفا صالح , صالح خالد احمد
Published: April 2024

إن الموضوع الذي تناولته هذه الدراسة هو ( دور الايلاف في رحلة الشتاء والصيف ) واكتسب هذا الموضوع أهمية كبيرة قبل الإسلام تطرقنا من خلاله إلى مفاهيم الإيلاف وأوضاع مكة قبل الإسلام وتناولت إبرام قريش لمعاهدة الإيلاف من حيث تسمية قريش وأقسامها وتجارة قريش واطراف الايلاف وانواع التجارة ورحلة الشتاء والصيف وأهم نتائج الإيلاف .