bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific circulating microRNAs during hepatitis E infection can serve as indicator for chronic hepatitis E
Authors: Harms Dominik , Choi Mira , Allers Kristina , Wang Bo , Pietsch Heiko , Papp C.-Patrick , Hanisch Lina , Kurreck Jens , Hofmann Jörg , Bock C.-Thomas
Published: March 2020

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 3 and 4 (HEV-3, HEV-4) infections are an emerging public health issue in industrialized countries. HEV-3 and −4 are usually self-limiting but can progress to chronic hepatitis E in immunocompromised individuals. The molecular mechanisms involved in persistent infections are poorly understood. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) can regulate viral pathogenesis and can serve as novel disease biomarkers. We aimed to explore the modulation of serum miRNAs in patients with acute (AHE) and chronic (CHE) hepatitis E. Both AHE- and CHE-patients exhibited high viral loads (median 3.23E + 05 IU/mL and 2.11E + 06 IU/mL, respectively) with HEV-3c being the predominant HEV-genotype. Expression analysis of liver-specific serum miRNAs was performed using real-time PCR. miR-99a-5p, miR-122-5p, and miR-125b-5p were upregulated in AHE (4.70–5.28 fold) and CHE patients (2.28–6.34 fold), compared to HEV-negative controls. Notably, miR-192-5p was increased 2.57 fold while miR-125b-5p was decreased 0.35 fold in CHE but not in AHE patients. Furthermore, decreased miR-122-5p expression significantly correlates with reduced liver transaminases in CHE patients. To our knowledge, this marks the first investigation concerning the regulation of circulating liver-specific miRNAs in acute and chronic HEV infections. We found that miR-125b-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-99a-5p may prove useful in the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis E.
Limitations of concurrently representing objects within view and in visual working memory
Authors: Liang Tengfei , Cheng Zijian , Hu Wenjing , Ye Chaoxiong , Zhang Jiafeng , Liu Qiang
Published: March 2020

Representing visibly present stimuli is as limited in capacity as representing invisible stimuli in visual working memory (WM). In this study, we explored whether concurrently representing stimuli within view affects representing objects in visual WM, and if so, whether this effect is modulated by the storage states (active and silent state) of memory contents? In experiment 1, participants were asked to perform the change-detect task in a simultaneous-representing condition in which WM content and the continuously-visible stimuli in view were simultaneously represented, as well as a baseline condition in which only the representations of visual WM content were maintained. The results showed that the representations in visual WM would be impaired when the continuously-visible stimuli in view were concurrently represented, revealed by the reduced CDA amplitude and the lower behavior performance. In experiment 2, a dual-serial retro-cue paradigm was adopted to guide participants to maintain memory items in two different storage states, and the results revealed that simultaneously representing the continuously-visible stimuli and the WM content would only impair the WM representations in the active state. These evidences demonstrated that only the visual WM representations that were maintained in the active state would definitely share the limited resources with the representations of continuously-visible information, and further supported the dissociation between the active state and silent state of visual WM storage.
Vulnerability of Tritia reticulata (L.) early life stages to ocean acidification and warming
Authors: Oliveira Isabel B. , Freitas Daniela B. , Fonseca Joana G. , Laranjeiro Filipe , Rocha Rui J. M. , Hinzmann Mariana , Machado Jorge , Barroso Carlos M. , Galante-Oliveira Susana
Published: March 2020

Ocean acidification and warming (OA-W) result mainly from the absorption of carbon dioxide and heat by the oceans, altering its physical and chemical properties and affecting carbonate secretion by marine calcifiers such as gastropods. These processes are ongoing, and the projections of their aggravation are not encouraging. This work assesses the concomitant effect of the predicted pH decrease and temperature rise on early life stages of the neogastropodTritia reticulata(L.), a common scavenger of high ecological importance on coastal ecosystems of the NE Atlantic. Veligers were exposed for 14 days to 12 OA-W experimental scenarios generated by a factorial design of three pH levels (targeting 8.1, 7.8 and 7.5) at four temperatures (16, 18, 20 and 22 °C). Results reveal effects of both pH and temperature (T °C) on larval development, growth, shell integrity and survival, individually or interactively at different exposure times. All endpoints were initially driven by pH, with impaired development and high mortalities being recorded in the first week, constrained by the most acidic scenarios (pHtarget7.5). Development was also significantly driven by T °C, and its acceleration with warming was observed for the remaining exposure time. Still, by the end of this 2-weeks trial, larval performance and survival were highly affected by the interaction between pH and T °C: growth under warming was evident but only for T °C ≤ 20 °C and carbonate saturation (pHtarget ≥ 7.8). In fact, carbonate undersaturation rendered critical larval mortality (100%) at 22 °C, and the occurrence of extremely vulnerable, unshelled specimens in all other tested temperatures. As recruitment cohorts are the foundation for future populations, our results point towards the extreme vulnerability of this species in case tested scenarios become effective that, according to the IPCC, are projected for the northern hemisphere, where this species is ubiquitous, by the end of the century. Increased veliger mortality associated with reduced growth rates, shell dissolution and loss under OA-W projected scenarios will reduce larval performance, jeopardizingT. reticulatasubsistence.
Janus effect of glucocorticoids on differentiation of muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors
Authors: Cerquone Perpetuini Andrea , Giuliani Giulio , Reggio Alessio , Cerretani Mauro , Santoriello Marisabella , Stefanelli Roberta , Palma Alessandro , Vumbaca Simone , Harper Steven , Castagnoli Luisa , Bresciani Alberto , Cesareni Gianni
Published: March 2020

Muscle resident fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), support muscle regeneration by releasing cytokines that stimulate the differentiation of myogenic stem cells. However, in non-physiological contexts (myopathies, atrophy, aging) FAPs cause fibrotic and fat infiltrations that impair muscle function. We set out to perform a fluorescence microscopy-based screening to identify compounds that perturb the differentiation trajectories of these multipotent stem cells. From a primary screen of 1,120 FDA/EMA approved drugs, we identified 34 compounds as potential inhibitors of adipogenic differentiation of FAPs isolated from the murine model (mdx) of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The hit list from this screen was surprisingly enriched with compounds from the glucocorticoid (GCs) chemical class, drugs that are known to promote adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. To shed light on these data, three GCs identified in our screening efforts were characterized by different approaches. We found that like dexamethasone, budesonide inhibits adipogenesis induced by insulin in sub-confluent FAPs. However, both drugs have a pro-adipogenic impact when the adipogenic mix contains factors that increase the concentration of cAMP. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that treatment with glucocorticoids induces the transcription of Gilz/Tsc22d3, an inhibitor of the adipogenic master regulator PPARγ, only in anti-adipogenic conditions. Additionally, alongside their anti-adipogenic effect, GCs are shown to promote terminal differentiation of satellite cells. Both the anti-adipogenic and pro-myogenic effects are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor and are not observed in the presence of receptor inhibitors. Steroid administration currently represents the standard treatment for DMD patients, the rationale being based on their anti-inflammatory effects. The findings presented here offer new insights on additional glucocorticoid effects on muscle stem cells that may affect muscle homeostasis and physiology.
Fluorescent sp3 Defect-Tailored Carbon Nanotubes Enable NIR-II Single Particle Imaging in Live Brain Slices at Ultra-Low Excitation Doses
Authors: Mandal Amit Kumar , Wu Xiaojian , Ferreira Joana S. , Kim Mijin , Powell Lyndsey R. , Kwon Hyejin , Groc Laurent , Wang YuHuang , Cognet Laurent
Published: March 2020

Cellular and tissue imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, ~1000–1350 nm) is advantageous for in vivo studies because of low light extinction by biological constituents at these wavelengths. However, deep tissue imaging at the single molecule sensitivity has not been achieved in the NIR-II window due to lack of suitable bio-probes. Single-walled carbon nanotubes have emerged as promising near-infrared luminescent molecular bio-probes; yet, their inefficient photoluminescence (quantum yield ~1%) drives requirements for sizeable excitation doses (~1–10 kW/cm2) that are significantly blue-shifted from the NIR-II region (<850 nm) and may thus ultimately compromise live tissue. Here, we show that single nanotube imaging can be achieved in live brain tissue using ultralow excitation doses (~0.1 kW/cm2), an order of magnitude lower than those currently used. To accomplish this, we synthesized fluorescent sp3-defect tailored (6,5) carbon nanotubes which, when excited at their first order excitonic transition (~985 nm) fluoresce brightly at ~1160 nm. The biocompatibility of these functionalized nanotubes, which are wrapped by encapsulation agent (phospholipid-polyethylene glycol), is demonstrated using standard cytotoxicity assays. Single molecule photophysical studies of these biocompatible nanotubes allowed us to identify the optimal luminescence properties in the context of biological imaging.
Annexin B12 Trimer Formation is Governed by a Network of Protein-Protein and Protein-Lipid Interactions
Authors: Tao Meixin , Isas J. Mario , Langen Ralf
Published: March 2020

Membrane protein oligomerization mediates a wide range of biological events including signal transduction, viral infection and membrane curvature induction. However, the relative contributions of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions to protein oligomerization remain poorly understood. Here, we used the Ca2+-dependent membrane-binding protein ANXB12 as a model system to determine the relative contributions of protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions toward trimer formation. Using an EPR-based detection method, we find that some protein-protein interactions are essential for trimer formation. Surprisingly, these interactions are largely hydrophobic, and they do not include the previously identified salt bridges, which are less important. Interfering with membrane interaction by mutating selected Ca2+-ligands or by introducing Lys residues in the membrane-binding loops had variable, strongly position-dependent effects on trimer formation. The strongest effect was observed for the E226Q/E105Q mutant, which almost fully abolished trimer formation without preventing membrane interaction. These results indicate that lipids engage in specific, trimer-stabilizing interactions that go beyond simply providing a concentration-enhancing surface. The finding that protein-membrane interactions are just as important as protein-protein interactions in ANXB12 trimer formation raises the possibility that the formation of specific lipid contacts could be a more widely used driving force for membrane-mediated oligomerization of proteins in general.
Interfacial effects on leakage currents in Cu/α-cristobalite/Cu junctions
Authors: Lin Kuan-Bo , Su Yen-Hsun , Kaun Chao-Cheng
Published: March 2020

As the miniaturization trend of integrated circuit continues, the leakage currents flow through the dielectric films insulating the interconnects become a critical issue. However, quantum transport through the mainstream on-chip interfaces between interconnects and dielectrics has not been addressed from first principles yet. Here, using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism, we investigate the interfacial-dependent leakage currents in the Cu/α-cristobalite/Cu junctions. Our results show that the oxygen-rich interfaces form the lowest-leakage-current junction under small bias voltages, followed by the silicon-rich and oxygen-poor ones. This feature is attributed to their transmission spectra, related to their density of states and charge distributions. However, the oxygen-poor interfacial junction may conversely have a better dielectric strength than others, as its transmission gap, from −2.8 to 3.5 eV, is more symmetry respect to the Fermi level than others.
Author Correction: BiVO4-rGO with a novel structure on steel fabric used as high-performance photocatalysts
Authors: Fang Dong , Li Xiujuan , Liu Hui , Xu Weilin , Jiang Ming , Li Wenbin , Fan Xin
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Decimated little brown bats show potential for adaptive change
Authors: Auteri Giorgia G. , Knowles L. Lacey
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Classification and Visualization of Alzheimer’s Disease using Volumetric Convolutional Neural Network and Transfer Learning
Authors: Oh Kanghan , Chung Young-Chul , Kim Ko Woon , Kim Woo-Sung , Oh Il-Seok
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Feedbacks and eddy diffusivity in an energy balance model of tropical rainfall shifts
Authors: Peterson Henry G. , Boos William R.
Published: March 2020

Radiative feedbacks are known to strongly modify horizontal shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) produced by remote atmospheric energy sources. This study uses a one-dimensional moist energy balance model to understand how radiative feedbacks and the structure of an imposed eddy diffusivity can influence such ITCZ shifts. The Planck feedback is shown to damp ITCZ shifts more strongly for extratropical forcings than for tropical ones, because lower moisture content in cold regions makes the temperature response larger there. The water vapor feedback on ITCZ shifts is shown to be dominated by changes in the cross-equatorial asymmetry of the relative humidity of subtropical dry zones, with additional contributions by the changes in mixing ratio that occur at fixed relative humidity and by the meridional shift of the humid ITCZ. Finally, the ITCZ response is found to be highly sensitive to the meridional structure of the diffusivity; the ITCZ shift increases with the tropical diffusivity, even when the global mean diffusivity is fixed.
The role of an interface in stabilizing reaction intermediates for hydrogen evolution in aprotic electrolytes
Authors: Castelli Ivano E. , Zorko Milena , Østergaard Thomas M. , Martins Pedro F. B. D. , Lopes Pietro P. , Antonopoulos Byron K. , Maglia Filippo , Markovic Nenad M. , Strmcnik Dusan , Rossmeisl Jan
Published: March 2020

By combining idealized experiments with realistic quantum mechanical simulations of an interface, we investigate electroreduction reactions of HF, water and methanesulfonic acid on the single crystal (111) facets of Au, Pt, Ir and Cu in a variety of aprotic electrolytes.
Hierarchical Mo-doped CoP3 interconnected nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting in an alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Shasha , Guo Mingjing , Song Shuyi , Zhan Ke , Yan Ya , Yang Junhe , Zhao Bin
Published: March 2020

Hierarchical Mo-doped CoP3 nanosheet arrays were fabricated on carbon cloth to serve as an efficient and robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in alkaline media.
Electronic strain effect on Eu(iii) complexes for enhanced circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Tsurui Makoto , Kitagawa Yuichi , Fushimi Koji , Gon Masayuki , Tanaka Kazuo , Hasegawa Yasuchika
Published: March 2020

The structural and electronic strain of ligands promotes the enhancement of the magnitude of circularly polarized luminescence in chiral Eu(iii) complexes.
Emerging investigator series: critical review of photophysical models for the optical and photochemical properties of dissolved organic matter
Authors: McKay Garrett
Published: March 2020

Photophysical models for dissolved organic matter optical properties and photochemistry are critically reviewed.
Dietary intake of Lycium ruthenicum Murray ethanol extract inhibits colonic inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine experimental colitis
Authors: Zong Shuai , Yang Liu , Park Hyun Jin , Li Jinglei
Published: March 2020

Lycium ruthenicum Murray extract protected experimental colitis by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines production, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammatory mediators activation and oxidative stress, and restored intestinal barrier integrity.
Nanocapillary confinement of imidazolium based ionic liquids
Authors: Marion Sanjin , Davis Sebastian J. , Wu Zeng-Qiang , Radenovic Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

Glassy dynamics of confined room temperature ionic liquids in single glass nanocapillaries with diameters down to 20 nm.
Ligand exchange on Au38(SR)24: substituent site effects of aromatic thiols
Authors: Li Yingwei , Juarez-Mosqueda Rosalba , Song Yongbo , Zhang Yuzhuo , Chai Jinsong , Mpourmpakis Giannis , Jin Rongchao
Published: March 2020

Ligand exchange on Au38(SR)24 with 21 different thiols reveals the substituent site effects of ligands on nanocluster transformation, and “anagostic” interactions are observed.
Dynamics of charge-transfer excitons in a transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructure
Authors: Bian Ang , He Dawei , Hao Shengcai , Fu Yang , Zhang Lu , He Jiaqi , Wang Yongsheng , Zhao Hui
Published: March 2020

Hot charge-transfer excitons are formed in a transition metal dichalcogenide trilayer heterostructure and diffuse during their cooling process.
Highly active hydrogen evolution catalysis on oxygen-deficient double-perovskite oxide PrBaCo2O6−δ
Authors: Togano Hayato , Asai Kaisei , Oda Seiji , Ikeno Hidekazu , Kawaguchi Shogo , Oka Kengo , Wada Kouhei , Yagi Shunsuke , Yamada Ikuya
Published: March 2020

Oxygen-deficient double perovskite oxides PrBaCo2O6−δ exhibit highly active hydrogen evolution reaction catalysis, which is associated with multiple factors: oxygen deficiency, high Co valence, and A-site cation ordering.
Preparation of sheep bone collagen peptide–calcium chelate using enzymolysis-fermentation methodology and its structural characterization and stability analysis
Authors: Wang Xueqi , Zhang Zhen , Xu Hongyan , Li Xiaoye , Hao Xudong
Published: March 2020

In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis and Lactobacillus fermentation were used in combination to prepare collagen peptide with high free calcium content, followed by the addition of anhydrous ethanol to obtain peptide–calcium chelate.
Pulse electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole/graphene oxide@graphene aerogel for high-performance supercapacitor
Authors: Zhang Erhui , Liu Weifeng , Liu Xuguang , Zhao Zongbin , Yang Yongzhen
Published: March 2020

The as-prepared polypyrrole/graphene oxide@graphene aerogel by pulse electropolymerization technique presents excellent capacitive performance.
Potentiometric and UV-Vis spectrophotometric titrations for evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of chicoric acid
Authors: Yi Haiqing , Cheng Yan , Zhang Yu , Xie Qingji , Yang Xiaoping
Published: March 2020

Potentiometric/spectrophotometric titrations have revealed the antioxidation behavior and mechanisms of chicoric acid (ChA, versus trolox) against ABTS˙+ radical cations.
Mixed Tb/Dy coordination ladders based on tetra(carboxymethyl)thiacalix[4]arene: a new avenue towards luminescent molecular nanomagnets
Authors: Ovsyannikov A. S. , Khariushin I. V. , Solovieva S. E. , Antipin I. S. , Komiya H. , Marets N. , Tanaka H. , Ohmagari H. , Hasegawa M. , Zakrzewski J. J. , Chorazy S. , Kyritsakas N. , Hosseini M. W. , Ferlay S.
Published: March 2020

The single crystals of the two isostructural Tb3+- and Dy3+-based coordination polymers (HL3–TbandHL3–Dy) were structurally characterized, and their photophysical properties were investigated, together with their corresponding solid solutions.
Chemiluminescent organic nanophotosensitizer for a penetration depth independent photodynamic therapy
Authors: Lu Xiaomei , Song Xingwen , Wang Qi , Hu Wenbo , Shi Wei , Tang Yufu , Wu Zizi , Fan Quli , Huang Wei
Published: March 2020

A chemiluminescent organic nanophotosensitizer activated by hydrogen peroxide was fabricated for a potential penetration depth-independent photodynamic therapy.
Insights into the formation of metal carbon nanocomposites for energy storage using hybrid NiFe layered double hydroxides as precursors
Authors: Romero Jorge , Varela María , Assebban Mhamed , Oestreicher Víctor , Guedeja-Marrón Alejandra , Jordá Jose L. , Abellán Gonzalo , Coronado Eugenio
Published: March 2020

The low-temperature formation mechanism of NiFe-carbon magnetic nanocomposites prepared using hybrid sebacate intercalated layered double hydroxides as precursors has been deciphered using a set ofin situcharacterization techniques.
Trends in trigonal prismatic Ln-[1]ferrocenophane complexes and discovery of a Ho3+single-molecule magnet
Authors: Latendresse Trevor P. , Vieru Veacheslav , Upadhyay Apoorva , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. , Chibotaru Liviu F. , Nippe Michael
Published: March 2020

Lanthanide ferrocenophanes are an intriguing class of organometallic complexes that feature rare six-coordinate trigonal prismatic coordination environments of 4f elements with close intramolecular proximity to iron ions.
On stability and kinetics of Li-rich transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides
Authors: Euchner Holger , Chang Jin Hyun , Groß Axel
Published: March 2020

Stability and kinetics of Li-rich transition metal oxides and oxyfluorides are extensively studied by DFT.
A broadband aggregation-independent plasmonic absorber for highly efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Huang Zhongming , Li Shengliang , Cui Xiao , Wan Yingpeng , Xiao Yafang , Tian Shuang , Wang Hui , Li Xiaozhen , Zhao Qi , Lee Chun-Sing
Published: March 2020

A plasmonic solar absorber, featuring broadband light harvesting by manipulating the structural anisotropy at the single nanoparticle level, enables absorption over the entire solar spectrum.
Controlled synthesis of GaSe microbelts for high-gain photodetectors induced by the electron trapping effect
Authors: Wu Chun-Yan , Zhu Huinan , Wang Ming , Kang Jingwei , Xie Chao , Wang Li , Luo Lin-Bao
Published: March 2020

A GaSe microbelt-based photodetector has been realized with a high responsivity of ∼3866 A W−1 and a photoconductive gain of up to ∼1.06 × 104, which are attributed to the built-in electric field between the GaSe microbelt and the surface GaOx layer.
Postgraduate Specialization Fellowship Training for Audiologists: Survey Results From Educators, Supervisors, and Students
Authors: Arenberg Julie G. , Hull Ray H. , Hunter Lisa
Published: March 2020

Purpose

From the Audiology Education Summit held in 2017, several working groups were formed to explore ideas about improving the quality and consistency in graduate education in audiology and externship training. The results are described here from one of the working groups formed to examine postgraduate specialization fellowships.

Method

Over the course of a year, the committee designed and implemented two surveys: one directed toward faculty and one toward students. The rationale for the survey and the results are presented. Comparisons between faculty and student responses are made for similar questions.

Results

Overall, the results demonstrate that the majority of both students and faculty believe that postgraduation specialization fellowships are needed for either 1 year or a flexible length. There was a consensus of opinion that the fellowship should be paid, as these would be designed for licensed audiologists. Most believed that the fellowships should be “governed by a professional organization (e.g., American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, American Academy of Audiology, American Doctors of Audiology, etc.),” or less so, a “separate body for this specific purpose.” Potential topics for specialization identified were the following: tinnitus, vestibular, cochlear implants, pediatrics, and intraoperative monitoring. The highest priority attributes for a specialization site were “abundant access to patient populations,” “staff of clinical experts,” and “active research.” The weight put toward these attributes differed between faculty and students with faculty prioritizing “university/academic centers,” and “access to academic coursework in the fellowship area.” The faculty rated “caseload diversity,” “minimum hours,” “research,” and “academic affiliation” as requirements for a fellowship site, with less weight for “coursework” and “other.” Finally, the students valued “improved personal ability to provide exceptional patient care,” “the potential for increased job opportunities,” and the “potential for a higher salary” as benefits most important to them, with lower ratings for “recognition as a subject matter expert” or “potential pathway to Ph.D. program.”

Conclusions

As a result of the survey, further exploration of a postgraduate specialization fellowship is warranted, especially to determine funding opportunities to offset cost for the sites and to ensure that fellows are paid adequately.
Numerical simulations of large-amplitude oscillations in flux rope solar prominences
Authors: Liakh V. , Luna M. , Khomenko E.
Published: March 2020

Context. Large-amplitude oscillations (LAOs) of solar prominences are a very spectacular, but poorly understood, phenomena. These motions have amplitudes larger than 10 km s−1 and can be triggered by the external perturbations such as Moreton or EIT waves.

Aims. Our aim is to analyze the properties of LAOs using realistic prominence models and the triggering mechanism by external disturbances.

Methods. We performed time-dependent numerical simulations of LAOs using a magnetic flux rope model with the two values of shear angle and density contrast. We studied the internal modes of the prominence using horizontal and vertical triggering. In addition, we used perturbation that arrives from outside to understand how such external disturbance can produce LAOs.

Results. The period of longitudinal oscillations and its behavior with height show good agreement with the pendulum model. The period of the transverse oscillations remains constant with height, suggesting a global normal mode. The transverse oscillations typically have shorter periods than longitudinal oscillations.

Conclusions. The periods of the longitudinal and transverse oscillations show only weak dependence on the shear angle of the magnetic structure and prominence density contrast. The external disturbance perturbs the flux rope exciting oscillations of both polarizations. Their properties are a mixture of those excited by purely horizontal and vertical driving.
Period spacings of gravity modes in rapidly rotating magnetic stars
Authors: Prat V. , Mathis S. , Neiner C. , Van Beeck J. , Bowman D. M. , Aerts C.
Published: March 2020

Context.Stellar internal magnetic fields have recently been shown to leave a detectable signature on period spacing patterns of gravity modes.

Aims.We aim to investigate the effect of the obliquity of a mixed (poloidal and toroidal) dipolar internal fossil magnetic field with respect to the rotation axis on the frequency of gravity modes in rapidly rotating stars.

Methods.We used the traditional approximation of rotation to compute non-magnetic modes, and a perturbative treatment of the magnetic field to compute the corresponding frequency shifts. We applied the new formalism to HD 43317, a magnetic, rapidly rotating, slowly pulsating B-type star, whose field has an obliquity angle of about 80°.

Results.We find that frequency shifts induced by the magnetic field on high-radial-order gravity modes are larger with increasing obliquity angle, when the magnetic axis is closer to the equatorial region, where these modes are trapped. The maximum value is reached for an obliquity angle of 90°. This trend is observed for all mode geometries.

Conclusions.Our results predict that the signature of an internal oblique dipolar magnetic field is detectable using asteroseismology of gravity modes.
Methodology of The Research of Organizational and Economic Bases of Development of Agro, Ethno and Spiritual Tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Saparbayev Abdizhapar , Saparova Gulnara , Makulova Aiymzhan , Imatayeva Aliya , Abdulkhalil Aisha
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the problems and prospects for the development of ethno, eco, agro and spiritual tourism. An important problem of ethno-tourism is the problem of increasing the excursion attractiveness of countries and regions. The main environmental problem of the development of society is the protection and storage of natural identity and security. This work is the result of research conducted by the author for the period 2012-2017. using statistical and financial reporting of Kazakhstan tourism. The work includes methods for comparing current years and past (base).Purpose of scientific work is analysis of the trends of development and approaches to the development of the state programs of the development of agro-, Etna and spiritual tourism in the economy Of the Republic Kazakhstan. Lies in the fact that in further development of methodological base the estimation of the effectiveness of agro-, Etna and spiritual tourism on the basis of innovation approach and unity of the processes of their functioning. The methods proposed in this work show what methods of programs can be used for the development of tourism both within the state and abroad.
Digitalization of the company’s financial resources (by the example of Air Astana JSC)
Authors: Kassenova Gulmira , Zhamiyeva Aizhan , Zhildikbayeva Aizhan , Doszhan Raigul , Sadvakassova Kamilla
Published: March 2020

The article considers the problems of the digitalization and use of financial resources. There is an investigation on the factors of impact on the efficiency of developing, the sources and directions of entrepreneurs’ financial resources allocation has been carried out in the article. For effective financial activity of the enterprise ways to improve the development and use of financial resources were suggested. The relevance of the topic is that the current situation of the companies will help to effectively analyze problem, build up the efficiency and effectiveness of its financial resources, activate the financial position of the financial institution. The financial resources of the enterprise are all part of the financial instruments for the formulation of non-qualified assets in all types, as well as the accounting of assets, capital and equity. The financial resources are designed to secure the financial budget, banks, insurance organizations, suppliers and goods; the cost of implementation of the expansion, reconstruction and modernization of production, the acquisition of new basic facilities.
The development of e-commerce infrastructure in modern conditions
Authors: Akhmetova Zaures , Baimukhanbetova Elmira , Belgozhakyzy Moldir , Alikbaeva Ainur , Tulebaeva Nazym
Published: March 2020

The article explores the e-commerce infrastructure. The factors that influence the development of e-commerce are highlighted. The relevance of the role of e-commerce in the world economy is gaining its importance and the use of electronic virtual tools in modern conditions has shown the result of the experience of developed countries which brings efficiency to any country or industry.

It is proved that for the application of effective methods of e-commerce development it begins with the construction of its infrastructure, which contains factors affecting the development of this industry. The study also examines the trend and prospects for the development of electronic commerce in Kazakhstan. The dynamics of foreign countries is shown. The e-commerce development tools are considered, some problems of the development of the e-commerce infrastructure are identified and ways to solve them are proposed.
Developing the ways of managing the financial market functions in the railway transportation of Kazakhstan during the crisis
Authors: Alashbayeva Nursulu
Published: March 2020

The stability of economic relations is the basis of intensive development of an each country. Variation of economic factors in the globalization process of the market economy is very important in maintaining the competitiveness of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RoK) in the world system of market relations. The globalization of the market economy and growing competitiveness directly affect the economic stability of the country. The dynamics of the financial market makes contributions not only in micro level but also in macro level. Accumulation of financial resources in selected market and the balance between fluctuating economic factors that affect them are proof for functioning of the financial market. In addition, we are discussing here about institutional changes, changes in the normative and legal acts, also about governmental support for reform processes which affect to the management of railway transportation. The paper determines the funding problems in passenger transportation requires the direct participation of the government.
A study on feminist scholarship and human rights activism against practices of gendered-based violence: focused on Korean comfort women movement
Authors: Balaubaeva Binur , Nuralieva Sania , Parpiyev Syrym
Published: March 2020

This article focused on the Korean comfort women issue(Chongshindae issue).The Chongshindae issue is not just a question, which was silent for about 50 years. It has an important influence on contemporary times in Korean and other Asian societies. Moreover, it can prevent future problems related to social class, gender issues, violations against women and the impact of patriarchal organizations. This article argues, first, the issue of the comfort women system during the war between Japan and South Korea evolved into a universal dispute in the contemporary world. Moreover, not only Korean feminists, but also feminist scholars and human rights activists from different countries were involved. In otherwise, it is important to note that the gender hierarchy and patriarchal society in both countries of Japan and Korea limited the opportunities of feminists and human rights activists over the comfort women issue. The Controversial AWF seemed like a tool of Japan to avoid their legal responsibility and official apology. Nevertheless, the Chongshindae movement had achieved remarkable success regarding the comfort women issue, despite the controversies between the two countries, especially in establishing the historical monument. Moreover, a feminist national context helped to raise the issue of comfort women as a political issue, and made it symbolic.
Influence of inflation on long-term economic growth in the context of the raw material orientation of the national economy
Authors: Omarova Aizhan , Oralbaeva Zhanar , Turlybekova Assel , Marat Assiya
Published: March 2020

In modern conditions for Kazakhstan, it becomes important to choose a development model that would be the most optimal and effective. When developing a model of economic policy, special attention should be paid to the choice of a system of indicators that could adequately describe macroeconomic processes as a whole and their interconnections. At the same time, economists argue that the implementation of the model approach can become the basis for strategic decisions only in a stable economic situation and when in the period under review the change in the cost structure of GDP is not distorted by high inflation. Therefore, in modern conditions of economic development, in our opinion, it is of interest to study the relationship between economic growth and the level of current and threshold inflation. This study substantiates the role of the threshold inflation level and proposes an equation of the functional dependence of this indicator on the main economic indicators. The necessary conditions for the implementation of the inflation targeting regime are disclosed. It is concluded that in conditions of commodity dependence, new effective monetary policy instruments are required.
The study of the phenomenon of self-employment and its role in the national economy: the case of Kazakhstan
Authors: Rakhmatullayeva Dinara , Iliyashova Guliya , Maukenova Altynai , Ishanov Yernazar
Published: March 2020

This article explores the urgent problem of the role of the self-employed population in the development of the national economy. An empirical review of foreign literature allowed the authors to identify the causes and consequences of self-employment of the population. Statistical comparative analysis was used to study trends in the structure of the workforce, as well as the main macroeconomic indicators of the republic. Based on the results, the authors attempted to investigate the potential impact of the self-employed on the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan and assess existing measures to regulate self-employment in the country.
Development of a set of limits for the main performance indicators of energy-generating companies
Authors: Tarasova Anna , Velikorossov Vladimir , Filin Sergey , Ibraimova Saltanat , Yakushev Alexey
Published: March 2020

Restrictive conditions established on average throughout the organization, which each energy-generating company should strive to carry out, have been proposed and analyzed. In order to ensure a sustainable level of financial stability, the calculation of the use of debt coverage and debt service limits is predicated. Fulfillment of the established limits should be taken into account in the formation of investment programs, which the energy-generating company intends to implement, which should imply the corresponding energy-generating company certain preferences, for example, a reduced interest rate on loans, which in turn increases the efficiency of the investment project of the organization and leads to more economic efficiency of the tariff method RAB-regulation.
Green economy - a promising environment for innovative entrepreneurship
Authors: Tulegenova Madina , Baimukhametova Aifer
Published: March 2020

The process of technological transformation proceeds continuously, embodying new knowledge in new technologies and products. Each of its stages gives rise to a new model of entrepreneurship and human economic behavior. In the course of his active life, man transforms the natural environment to meet his needs. But showing excessive selfishness, he crossed the critical threshold of intervention in wildlife, causing irreparable damage. Industrial technology has accelerated this process. There is a need to change the model of economic and environmental business behavior as the basis for sustainable development. The formation of a new environmental culture begins in the field of education and is implemented in entrepreneurial activity.
Cerebral palsy risk factors: international experience
Authors: Issayeva Raushan , Aliakparova Aigerim , Abzaliyeva Symbat , Kassenova Gulzhan , Tashenova Gulnara
Published: March 2020

This review article aims to outline several risk factors for the Cerebral Palsy (CP) development worldwide. CP is the most prevalent disabling condition in children that imposes a significant socio-economical responsibility on the system of the health care. Despite a solid body of extant research, the exact etiology of CP remains unknown. There are several risk factors that may be triggering CP development at pre-, intra- and postnatal periods, particularly, gestational age, birth weight, mother's health, placental abnormalities, thrombophillia, asphyxia, brain ischemia and multiple pregnancies. According to extant literature, the majority of CP cases develop within antenatal period in high-income countries. Contrastingly, in developing countries, there is a slightly higher proportion of a postnatally acquired CP cases linked to post-infectious brain damage following meningitis, septicaemia, as well as other conditions, such as malaria. However, these studies were of a small size and not case-controlled or population-based, which significantly curtails the results and underestimating the real picture. With very small number of survivors of early preterm, common risk factors identified to be the maternal rhesus allergenic immunization and birth asphyxia, or hereditary diseases, such as dehydrogenase of glucose-6-phosphate (G6PD) deficiency and encephalopathy of subsequent bilirubin. According to standardized data from international surveillance programs, important risk factors are strongly associated with CP development in most countries.
Schoolchildren Determination in Kazakhstan: Condition Analysis and Project Suggestions
Authors: Kupeshova Saule , Zhumagaziyeva Almira , Smagulova Gulzhihan , Meirkhanova Yerkezhan
Published: March 2020

In accordance with data from the labor market formation (nearest past) in Kazakhstan, the prevalence of some jobs over the others can be put into the question. However, the following hypothesis might be stated in advance: do high school students possess a clear vision of current labor market conditions and make their choice consciously with the help of objective information? Judging by the first glance, the hypothesis might be proven false, therefore, a deeper research with respect to both theoretical and empirical evidence is to be analyzed, as is discussed below.Firstly, it should be taken into account, that the question of self-determination has been put into question by various researchers, however, the area remains largely understudied. For example, according to Wrigth, a larger share of schoolchildren demonstrates a tendency towards changing a major for one or more times, however, the explanatory causes of such behavior have been largely uncertain (Wrigth, 2018). It should be noted, that such behavior can be also attributed to Kazakhstan situation, which has further consequences of inappropriate labor market performance. Therefore, the intention of this article is to analyze the situation of schoolchildren determination in Kazakhstan, and to propose potential areas of development. Further, the intention is an attempt to improve the life outcomes of schoolchildren and students via investigation of such factors as major and occupation selection, most important motives and potential outcomes, that could be eventually used for social development, such as higher information policies, enhancement of school and university administration and schoolchildren decisions
The Analysis of the Meaning of the Person’s Internal World as a Basis of Self-Efficacy in the Educational System
Authors: Tashimova Fatima , Rizulla Aidana , Ibrayeva Galiya , Abdullina Gulnar , Nurumov Bakhtiyar
Published: March 2020

The formation of the subject of the education system is inextricably linkedwith factors of self-knowledge and self-awareness that includes the knowledge of one’s own inner world. The inner world was associated with mental processes, conscious and unconscious factors, feelings and emotions, semantic reality. In recent years, in connection with the understanding of a person as a collective phenomenon, the inner world begins to be perceived as a representation of significant others. In particular, in psychoanalysis it is the representation of parents, in individual psychology it is siblings, in analytical psychology it is a multitude of personalities, up to the first man, that determine the formation of subjectivity. Based on this, we define the inner world not just as a semantic reality, but a reality for the production of meanings, provided by the cooperation of all the intimate personalities represented in one person, with whom she/he interacts directly and indirectly.Based on this, we propose a semantic analysis of the inner world, which involves the identification of a system of significant personalities, the subjective reflection of their values and actions, the study and rethinking of positive and negative influences that ensure the formation of new meanings.
Model of Scientific and Methodological Support for Training of Mentors for Vocational Education System in the Conditions of Digitalization
Authors: Gapsalamov Almaz , Akhmetshin Elvir , Falyakhov Irek , Vasilev Vladimir , Sedov Sergei
Published: March 2020

Under the influence of digitalization, pedagogical activity in the system of modern vocational education is complicated and requires the mastering and improvement of competences in the field of design and the creation of a practical-oriented environment for training. Mentoring in such a system is becoming a key element in the training of competitive personnel. In this regard, it is fair to speak of the relevance of teacher training on the basis of the principles of variability and modularity, with the possibility of providing different entry paths, taking into account the availability or lack of experience in pedagogical activities, as well as basic profession and individual needs. The study is based on the use of methods of theoretical analysis, systematization, generalization of scientific and pedagogical literature on the topic of research, modeling. In the course of the study, the significance of the mentor’s psychological and pedagogical competence for vocational education system was shown, the content of its motivational-value, cognitive, process-activity, and reflective-analytical components that determine the effectiveness of the implementation of productive mentoring in the context of digitalization. A structural model of scientific and methodological support for the training of mentors for vocational education system in the context of digitalization is proposed.
Le phosphore dans les fers et aciers. Points de vue historiques et thermochimiques
Authors: Le Coze Jean
Published: March 2020

Le cycle du phosphore dans l’élaboration des fers et aciers, par la voie indirecte : haut fourneau plus affinage (convertisseur Thomas, puddlage, foyer d’affinerie) est décrit. À la question qui se pose sur le mode d’introduction du phosphore dans le fer solide de réduction directe, une réponse est proposée, à partir d’une étude expérimentale de la forge catalane, datant du milieu du 19e siècle, en y appliquant nos connaissances thermochimiques actuelles.
Le phosphore dans les fers et aciers. Points de vue historiques et thermochimiques
Authors: Le Coze Jean
Published: March 2020

Les effets de la présence du phosphore dans les aciers modernes et dans les fers anciens sont passés en revue. Des fers phosphoreux, décrits par les archéologues, ont été fabriqués depuis de nombreux siècles à partir de minerais phosphoreux, soit par la voie indirecte (haut-fourneau + affinerie), soit par réduction directe du minerai. Avant la découverte du phosphore élémentaire, on parlait des « fers cassants à froid ». Ces fers, à fortes teneurs en phosphore, ne posaient pas de problème de forgeage à chaud, car leurs teneurs en carbone étaient très basses. Il a fallu attendre le début du 19esiècle pour trouver des remèdes à cette maladie. Les aciers modernes à très faibles teneurs en phosphore résiduel présentent généralement des risques de fragilité, différents des fers anciens.