bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 16.04.2022 г. по 22.04.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: April 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 16.04.2022 г. по 22.04.2022 г.
Creatividad, innovación y desarrollo empresarial
Authors: Molina Sánchez Rubén , López Salazar Alejandra , López Salazar Gloria Leticia , Bribiescas Silva Francisco Arturo , Pinto Yerovi Adelita , Pinto Yerovi Tamara Pando Ezcurra , Carhuancho Mendoza, Irma Milagros , Nolazco Labajos Fernando Alexis , Zacarías Sánchez Juan Antonio , Baldomar Juan Pablo , Reyes Sánchez Adriana , Sánchez Pérez Javier Olaf , Urrutia de la Garza Jesús Alberto , Loera Anchondo Ercilia , Cabrejos Burga Raúl Eduardo , Godoy Casoez Juan , Rivera Muñoz Jorge , Romani Miranda Úrsula Isabel , Fornelli Martín del Campo Alejandro , Sánchez Baltasar Laura Berenice , Burgos Navarrete Mauricio Andrés , Nolasco Olivares Alejandro
Published: April 2022

Este compendio se constituye una recopilación ordenada y actualizada de las principales ponencias de los autores sobre experiencias de gestión y normas legales en México, Perú y Colombia, que rigen la actividad de la gestión empresarial. Teniendo en cuenta que los procesos y procedimientos de trabajo administrativo constituyen elementos primordiales para la adecuada operación de las áreas que conforman la estructura orgánica de las instituciones, se convocó a expertos en la materia a aportar con sus investigaciones y experiencias en la presentación de estos temas, que son de especial interés para quienes tienen como desempeño de que quehacer la gestión de organizaciones e instituciones.
Geomechanical Interferometry: Theory and Application to Time-Lapse Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Data for Separating Displacement Signal Between Overburden and Reservoir Sources
Authors: Shabelansky Andrey , Nihei Kurt , Zhang Zhishuai , Bevc Dimitri , Milliken William , Mali Gwyn
Published: April 2022

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data provide a measurement of the Earth’s surface displacements to monitor reservoir stresses, fluid pressure, and volume changes. However, the InSAR measurements may suffer from poor sensitivity and resolution. To improve the sensitivity of the InSAR data and localize the effects of the near-surface overburden, we employ a Green’s function retrieval (GFR) approach that uses time-lapse InSAR data. In this work, we derive the equations and compute the sensitivity between InSAR displacements caused by the reservoir changes with respect to observation points (i.e., virtual sources) at the surface. We present this method with time-lapse InSAR data from an oil field in the San Joaquin Valley to demonstrate the improved resolution of the GFR-InSAR measurements for subsurface imaging and continuous reservoir monitoring with applications to development, production, and subsurface integrity.
Use of non-invasive sensor to assess intracranial compliance in the management of migraine patients: case report
Authors: Cherain Luiz Gabriel Gonçalves , Barbosa Mateus Gonçalves de Sena , de Souza Rafaela Luiza Vilela , Paula Rafaela de Souza , Campos Geovana Ribeiro , Silva Isadora , Peixoto Elaine , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study is to report the use of a non-invasive sensor to assess intracranial compliance (ICC) in patients complaining of migraine. This case report presents a 34-year-old, female patient that was treated for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) by placing a non-adjustable lumboperitoneal shunt. After one year, she presented with headache and signs of overdrainage. Non-invasive monitoring of ICC was done, suggesting a reduction in the ICC, but no change in the opening pressure of the valve. A diagnosis of migraine was made, with improvement after brain monitoring, leading treatment without any new surgical intervention. With this case, we conclude that the use of non-invasive sensor helped the medical team to understand the information obtained by the ICP curve in the office, and in the management of patients with headache complaints, supporting clinical decision making, improving the quality of care, correlated with underlying diseases and procedural and patient safety.
Feasibility and safety of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery through an inframammary incision
Authors: Fayed Haytham Mahmoud , Yousry Joseph , El-Fayomi Tarek , Al-Husseini Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

Background: Breast-conserving therapy (BCT) became the treatment of choice for early breast cancer due to a better understanding of the disease's biological activity and natural history. With the addition of oncoplastic breast surgery (OPS), conservation could be conducted in relatively large tumors with the best possible cosmetic results and without jeopardizing oncological safety. OPS procedures are by incising the skin envelop of the breast and then dissection of the dermoglandular breast tissue. An inframammary crease incision is a suitable choice as a hidden scar in the breast envelope because one of the primary considerations for good oncoplastic methods is the cosmetic outcome. It also provides easy access to the retromammary region. This study aims to assess the feasibility of adopting the retro glandular approach for breast-conserving surgery by making a skin incision in the inframammary fold (IMF)Patients and methods: This study involved 67 female patients with breast cancer who were candidates for BCS and had tumors deeply seated between January 2019 and July 2021. An incision is made in the inframammary fold, its length depends on the tumor site, the tumor was excised after retroglandular exploration. Reapproximation of the glandular pillars was done and the wound was closed after a closed suction drain was inserted. SPSS software package version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results: All patients were presented with mass, most of them (53.7%) had breast cup size B. 55.3% of cases had their tumor in the lower half of the breast. The median operative time was 125 (110 – 140) minutes. Seroma was the most common complication (8.9% of cases). 62.7% of cases had excellent results as judged by breast surgeons other than the operating surgeon. 82.1% of patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results.Conclusion: The Inframammary approach for breast-conserving surgery is feasible and safe for surgical treatment of patients presented with deeply seated breast cancer.Trial registration: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine on 16- 7- 2020. Approval number: 0106451.
Contextual validation of the prediction of postoperative complications of colorectal surgery by the " ACS NSQIP ® Risk Calculator " (Sousse, Tunisia, 2015-2019)
Authors: Abdelkrim Mehdi ben , ELGHALI Mohamed Amine , MOUSSA Amany , ABDELAZIZ Ahmad BEN
Published: April 2022

Context:
Models for predicting individual risks of surgical complications are advantageous for operative decision making and the nature of postoperative management procedures.
Objective
Validate the "ACS NSQIP ® Risk Calculator" in the prediction of postoperative complications during colorectal cancer surgery, operated during the years 2015–2019.
Methods
this is a prognostic validation study of the “ACS NSQIP ® ” applied retrospectively to patients operated on for colorectal cancer in the surgical department of FarhatHached hospital, during the 2015 and 2019 five-year term. Three levels of adjustment. Discrimination and calibration were carried out mainly by ROC curves (AUC ≥ 0.8).
Results
In this study, 129 patients were included with a sex ratio of 1.22 and a median age of 62 years. The most common operative procedure was low segmental colectomy with colorectal anastomosis. Thirty-seven patients (28.7%) had had at least one postoperative complication. The prediction and cuts-off points values of mortality (AUC = 0.858; CI95% [0.570–0.960]; Cuts-off points = 1.8%), cardiac complications (AUC = 0.824; CI95% [0.658–0.990] ; cuts-off points = 1.8%), thromboembolic complications (AUC = 0.802; CI95% [0.617–0.987]; cuts-off point = 3.1%) and renal insufficiency (AUC = 0.802; CI95% [ 0.623–0.981]; cuts-off point = 1.2%) were adjusted according to level 1 of the calculator.
Conclusion
This work contextualized the prediction of postoperative complications in colorectal surgery in the university general surgery department of FarhatHached in Sousse (Tunisia), making it possible to improve the quality and safety of surgical care. The application of the Tunisian mini calculator is recommended as well as the generalization of validation following the development of a generic calculator for all operating procedures.
Measuring rurality in health services research: A scoping review
Authors: Danek Robin , Blackburn Justin , Mazurenko Olena , Green Marion , Menachemi Nir
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study is a scoping review of the different methods used to measure rurality in the health services research (HSR) literature.Methods: We identified peer-reviewed empirical studies from six leading HSR journals plus the Journal of Rural Health that used any method to measure rurality as a part of their analysis. From each study, we identified the geographic unit (e.g. county, zip code) and method (e.g. Rural Urban Continuum Codes, Rural Urban Commuting Areas) used to classify categories of rurality. We analyzed whether geographic units and methods used to classify rurality differed by focus area of studies including costs, quality, and access to care. Lastly, we examined the number of rural categories used by authors to assess rural areas. Findings: In 103 included studies, five different geographic units and 11 methodological approaches were used to measure rurality. The most common geographic units used to measure rurality were county (n=59, 57%), which was used most frequently in studies examining cost (n=12, 75%) and access (n=33, 57.9%). Rural Urban Commuting Area codes were the most common method to measure rurality for studies examining access (n=13, 22.8%) and quality (n=10, 44%). The majority of included studies made rural versus urban comparisons (n=82, 80%) as opposed to focusing on rural populations only (n=21, 20%). Among studies that compared rural and urban populations, most studies used only one category to identify rural locations (n=49 of 82 studies, 60%).Conclusion: Geographic units and methods to determine rurality were used inconsistently within and across studies with an HSR focus. This finding may affect how health disparities by rural location are determined and thus how resources and federal funds are allocated. Future research should focus on developing a standardized system to determine under what circumstances researchers should use different geographic units and methods to determine rurality by HSR focus area.
A bench study of critical care ventilators: performance analysis
Authors: Castro Sara Martínez , Nacher Francisco Javier Belda , Bernabeu Jaume Puig , Domingo Marina Soro , Navarro Carlos Delgado , Pons Héctor Ortega
Published: April 2022

Background: Global pandemic due to COVID-19 has increased the interest for ventilators´ use worldwide. New devices have been developed and older ones have undergone a renewed interest, but we lack robust evidence about performance of each ventilator to match appropriate device to a given patient and care environment.Methods: The aim of this bench study was to investigate the performance of six devices for noninvasive ventilation, and to compare them in terms of volume delivered, trigger response, pressurization capacity and synchronization in volume assisted controlled and pressure support ventilation. All ventilators were tested under thirty-six experimental conditions by using the lung model ASL5000® (IngMar Medical, Pittsburgh, PA). Two leaks levels, two muscle inspiratory efforts and three mechanical patterns were combined for simulation. Trigger function was assessed by measurement of trigger-delay time. Pressurization capacity was evaluated as the net area under the pressure-time curve over the first 500 ms after inspiratory effort onset. Synchronization was evaluated by the asynchrony index and by the incidence and type of asynchronies in each condition. Results: All ventilators showed a good performance, even if pressurization capacity was worse than expected. Leak level did not affect their function. Differences were found during low muscle effort and obstructive pattern. In general, Philips EV300 and Hamilton C3 showed the best results.Conclusions: NIV devices successfully compensate air leaks but still underperform with low muscle effort and obstructive lungs. Clinicians´ must have a clear understanding of the goals of NIV both for devices´ choice and set main parameters to achieve therapy success.
The Risk of Developing Eating Disorders Among Medical Students in University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan 2021
Authors: MAGZOUB YUMNA AHMED ELTAYEB MAGZOUB , ALTAMIH RANDA AHMED ABDALRAHEEM ALTAMIH
Published: April 2022

Background: Abnormat defines Eating Disorders. The aim of this study is to explore the risk of developing Eating Disorders among Medical students and examine its association to Childhood Trauma and Low Self-esteem eating habits causing physical or psychosocial derangements are the main constituents.Methodology: An observational (comparative cross-sectional) study where a total of 299 students participated, 81 males and 218 females. 62 from the faculty of Dentistry, 49 from the faculty of Pharmacy and 202 from the faculty of Medicine - all in Year 3, 4 and 5. Participants filled out a pre-designed online Google survey. Descriptive statistics were used to compute means, and standard deviations for numerical variables. Results: The total number of participants was 299 of which 37 students were found to be at risk of developing an Eating Disorder (12.4%). There was no correlation between the increased risk and socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, academic year, faculty and weight status). No significant association between sexual, emotional and physical abuse was found. Conversely, it was discovered that Emotional Neglect may be a factor leading to an increased risk of developing Eating Disorders (p=0.028). A correlation was also established with childhood maltreatment and the prevalence of risk for Eating Disorders (p=0.016). The correlation with Low self-esteem proved to be statistically insignificant as well (p>0.05).Conclusion: The percentage of medical students victimized by Eating Disorders was found to be relatively high hence it is important that more attention is brought to this phenomenon.
Factor Affecting Insurance Companies Profitability in Ethiopia
Authors: Ababu Dereje Gebeyehu , Getahun Azmeraw Misganaw , Ayele Dagne Desta
Published: April 2022

Background: The performance of any firm not only plays the role to increase the market value of that specific firm but also leads towards the growth of the whole industry which ultimately leads towards the overall prosperity of the economy. The aim of this study was determining factor that affect profitability of Insurance Company in Ethiopia. Methodology: The sample in this study includes 5 years data from 2012 to 2016 which is secondary data obtained from the financial statements (Balance sheet and Profit/Loss account) of Insurance Companies in Ethiopia are analyzed. To comply with the objective of this research, the authors are primarily used based on quantitative research, which constructed an econometrics model to identify and measure the determinants of profitability.Results: The average and standard deviation for profitability of insurance company measured by using Return on assets (ROA) for Ethiopian insurance companies was 0.117 and 0.08, respectively. In the univariable analysis, age of company, Firm Growth, Company Size, Leverage and market share are highly significant predictors of profitability. Furthermore, age of company, leverage and branch distribution was found the crucial factors in determining the profitability of insurance companies using multivariable analysis in Ethiopia.
Performance Computation of Modified Spin Coater via Taguchi Method for Coating of Solar Cells for high speed optical Networks
Authors: Heeravathi S. , Christy Ananthi
Published: April 2022

Spin coating was used to produce thin coatings on moderately flat substrates. The coating material solution was dumped onto the substrate and turned off at a high velocity in the range of 1000–8000 rpm, leaving a uniform layer. The ultimate thickness of the deposited film was determined by the angular speed, solution viscosity, and spinning time. The advantages of spin-coating include the ability to achieve very fine, fine, and uniform coverage; however, the problem with large samples is a drawback. In this paper, we propose a fine-tuning technique for a modified spin-coating device to coat a zinc oxide (ZnO) solution on a solar cell for increasing the efficiency of the solar cell. We examined nine samples prepared using different parametric conditions, such as the spinning speed, spinning time, and quantity of solution. The spinning speed was set as 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm. Increasing the evaporation rate instantly in the spin coater resulted in a smooth and uniform thin film. The surface of the layer and the availability of the solution were examined using scanning electron microscopy. To determine the optimal process parameters of the spin coater, the Taguchi method was used. By studying the main effects plot of the signal-to-noise ratio, the optimal settings of the parameters were obtained: a spinning time of 3 s, spinning speed of 2000 rpm, and ZnO solution quantity of 5 µL yielded the desired thickness of 2.4 µm and good uniformity. The experimental results, process parameters, and response parameters were investigated via an analysis of variance. After the solar cell was coated with the modified spin-coating device, its efficiency was 5.4%.
Pediatric chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy associated with hypoglossal nerve involvement
Authors: Süt Nurşah Yeniay , Yıldırım Miraç , Bektaş Ömer , Kartal Ayşe Tuğba , Teber Serap
Published: April 2022

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune peripheral nervous system disease characterized by progressive or relapsing symmetric weakness and sensory dysfunction. It may rarely cause cranial nerve neuropathy. Although cranial nerve involvement is rarer in CIDP than Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), it may occur in rapid-onset and relapsed courses. We present an 8-year-old boy with hypoglossal nerve involvement, which has not been previously described in children. No accompanying disorder or antibodies were identified. This report is the first case in the literature for hypoglossal nerve involvement in children with CIDP. This report expands on the phenotypic features of CIDP in children and highlights that CIDP may represent with hypoglossal nerve involvement in children.
Spatiotemporal changes of cyanobacterial and heterotrophic bacterial communities during an algal bloom in a subtropical water source reservoir ecosystem of China
Authors: Huang Zhenhua , Jiang Cancan , Xu Shengjun , Zheng Xiaoxu , Lv Ping , Wang Cong , Wang Dongsheng , Zhuang Xuliang
Published: April 2022

Massive nitrogen and phosphorus input into aquatic ecosystems makes algal bloom one of the most concerning problems in China. Algal blooms not only threaten the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems but also influence the microbial community within. However, less is known regarding how algal bloom affects the spatiotemporal variation of the aquatic microbial community, including cyanobacteria and other bacteria. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to investigate how the cyanobacterial and bacterial community diversity and composition spatiotemporally vary along with main algal bloom phases in upstream rivers of a eutrophicated water source reservoir. For both cyanobacteria and bacteria, their diversities demonstrated temporal significance amongst different phases in each river, indicating the apparent impact of algal bloom. Dominant cyanobacterial taxa included Cyanobacteriales and Synechococcales, and dominant bacterial taxa comprised Acinetobacter, CL500-29, hgcI clade, Limnohabitans, Flavobacterium, Rhodoluna, Porphyrobacter, Rhodobacter, Pseudomonas, and Rhizobiales, whose relative abundance varied along with the algal bloom, rendering distinct community composition for each river. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis additionally indicated significant differences amongst different phases, and the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with LDA effect size analysis (LEfSe) helped to identify the dominant species (OTUs) in each river at different phases. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) or redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed distinct correlation patterns of cyanobacterial and bacterial communities with the environmental parameters, which implies their distinct ecological functions. In general, these results demonstrated the significant influence of algal bloom on microbial communities in a eutrophicated water source reservoir basin. These observations also arouse universal demands for strategies conserving the aquatic microbial equilibrium and alleviating algal blooms in reservoirs.
Two-Dimensional ECG-based Cardiac Arrhythmia Classification using DSE-ResNet
Authors: Li Jiahao , Pang Shao-peng , Xu Fangzhou , Zhou Shuwang , Shu Minglei
Published: April 2022

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is mostly used for clinical diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia due to its simplicity, non-invasiveness, and reliability. Recently, many models based on the Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been applied to the automatic classification of cardiac arrhythmia with great success. However, most models independently extract the internal features of each lead in the 12-lead ECG during the training phase, resulting in a lack of inter-lead features. Here, we propose a general model based on the two-dimensional ECG and ResNet with detached squeeze-and-excitation modules (DSE-ResNet) to realize the automatic classification of 9 cardiac arrhythmias. The original 12-lead ECG is spliced into a two-dimensional plane like a grayscale picture. DSE-ResNet is used to simultaneously extract the internal and inter-lead features of the two-dimensional ECG. Furthermore, an orthogonal experiment method is used to optimize the hyper-parameters of DSE-ResNet and a multi-model voting strategy is used to improve classification performance. Experimental results based on the test set of China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 (CPSC2018) show that our model has average F1 = 0.817 for classifying normal category and 8 cardiac arrhythmias. Meanwhile, compared with the state of the art model in CPSC2018, our model achieved the best F1 in 2 sub-abnormal types. This shows that the model based on the two-dimensional ECG and DSE-ResNet has advantage in detecting some cardiac arrhythmias and have the potential to be used as an auxiliary tool to help doctors perform cardiac arrhythmias analysis.
A Sustainable Climate Forecast System for Post-processing of Precipitation With Application of Machine Learning Computations
Authors: Ghazikhani Adel , Babaeian Iman , Gheibi Mohammad , Hajiaghaei-Keshteli Mostafa , Fathollahi-Fard Amir M.
Published: April 2022

Although many meteorological prediction models have been developed recently, but their predictions are still unreliable. Post-processing is a task for improving meteorological predictions. This study proposes a post-processing method for the Climate Forecast System Version2 (CFSV2) model. The applicability of the proposed method is shown in Iran for an observation data from 1982 to 2017. A software has been implemented which could be used to automatically perform post-processing in meteorological organizations. With application of the present study, Decision Support System (DSS) is implemented for controlling precipitation based natural side effects such as flood disaster or drought phenomenon. Likewise, it is worth noting that the mentioned DSS meets Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through grantee of human health and environmental protection issues. Finally, the most important section of DSS is related to prediction and in the present study it is performed by Random Forest algorithm with more than 0.87 correlation coefficient.
Viral load dynamics in healthcare workers with COVID-19 during Delta and Omicron era
Authors: Veer Brian M.J.W. van der , Dingemans Jozef , Bank Leonie E.A. , von Wintersdorff Christian J.H. , Loo Inge H.M. van , Savelkoul Paul H.M.
Published: April 2022

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, several variants of concern (VOC) have emerged and became the dominant strain. These are considered VOC because of traits like increased transmissibility, increased severity, and immune-evasion. Understanding their viral load dynamics, with the use of longitudinal follow-up data, can help to understand transmission and could inform policy makers on for example infection prevention guidelines. However, longitudinal follow-up studies are scarce. In this study, we were able to monitor the viral load dynamics of the Delta, Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants via an unique dataset that was obtained as a consequence of the implemented infection prevention guidelines for healthcare workers at our institution, based on longitudinal follow-up of viral load. We found that the dynamics are different between Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 variants, the latter having the highest viral load on day 5 (5.7 log10 copies/mL compared to 4.3 log10 copies/mL for Delta and 4.8 log10 copies/mL for BA.1) and day 7 (4.4 log10 copies/mL compared to 3.3 log10 copies/mL for Delta and 3.8 log10 copies/mL for BA.1). However, the infection duration does not appear to be different between these variants. Still, considerable viral loads even after the suggested quarantine period were observed, in particular for the Omicron BA.2 sub variant. This highlights the need for a tailored approach per variant as results of previously circulating variants do not always match. This is in particular important for healthcare workers as they can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to vulnerable patients.
The “Crustacean seas” in the light of DNA barcoding: a reference library for endemic Ponto-Caspian amphipods
Authors: Copilaș-Ciocianu Denis , Rewicz Tomasz , Sands Arthur Francis , Palatov Dmitry , Marin Ivan , Arbačiauskas Kęstutis , Hebert Paul D. N. , Grabowski Michal , Audzijonyte Asta
Published: April 2022

The Ponto-Caspian region is an endemicity hotspot that harbors several crustacean radiations, among which amphipods are the most diverse. These poorly known species are severely threatened in their native range, while at the same time they are invading European inland waters with significant ecological consequences. A proper taxonomic knowledge of this fauna is paramount for its conservation within and monitoring outside the native region. Here, we assemble a DNA barcode reference library for nearly 60% of all known Ponto-Caspian amphipod species. We use several methods to define molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) based on two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S) and assess their congruence with current species-level taxonomy based on morphology. Depending on the method, we find that 54–69% of species had congruent morpho-molecular boundaries. The cases of incongruence resulted from lumping distinct morphospecies into a single MOTU (7–27%), splitting a morphospecies into several MOTUs (4–28%), or both (4–11%). MOTUs defined by distance-based methods without a priori divergence thresholds showed the highest congruence with morphological taxonomy. These results indicate that DNA barcoding is valuable for clarifying the diversity of Ponto-Caspian amphipods, but reveals that extensive work is needed to resolve taxonomic uncertainties. Our study advances the DNA barcode reference library for the European aquatic biota, paving the way towards improved taxonomic knowledge needed to enhance monitoring and conservation efforts.
Protective Evaluation of feed fortified with Alstonia boonei and Mitracarpus scaber in African Catfish exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila: Clinicopathology and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Ajadi Abdullateef Abiodun , Jarikre Theophilus , Jibril Afusat Jagun , Emikpe Benjamin
Published: April 2022

The present study was carried out to determine the protective effects of two dietary plants and the associated pathology in African catfish exposed to A. hydrophila. Four hundred and twenty fish with average weight of 20.53 ± 0.15 g were distributed equally (in triplicates) into seven experimental groups (six treatment groups and a control group) with 20 juvenile African catfish in each aquarium. Fish were fed for 84 days with control and six other experimental diets containing different percentages of Alstonia boonei (0.5%,1.0% and 1.5%) and Mitracarpus scaber (0.5%,1.0% and 1.5%) of the basal diets. At the end of 12th week, the fish were challenged with A. hydrophila and clinical signs and mortality rate were observed for fourteen days post challenge. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis. All the groups fed with plant supplemented feed had 100% survival rate except A. boonei (0.5%) with 85% and control had 70% survival rate. The dietary plants also improved the haematological parameters and reduced the histopathological lesions associated with A. hydrophila exposure, compared to the control. The findings have demonstrated the protective potentials of A. boonei and M. scaber inculcated in feed against A. hydrophila infection in African catfish
Hyaluronic acid-exposed nanoparticles delivered raloxifene against colon cancerous cells and orcasterated epigenetics
Authors: Abd-Rabou Ahmed A. , Abdelaziz Ahmed M. , Shaker Olfat G. , Ayeldeen Ghada
Published: April 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's mortality causes. Despite recent breakthroughs in treatment, the prognosis for CRC remains poor due to drug resistance. Raloxifene (RX) was recently licensed for the prevention of CRC. We proposed a unique delivery approach to improve the activity of RX by combining with hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (CS). Consequently, we explored the cytotoxic and epigenetic effects of RX-HA-CS nanoparticles (RX NPs) against Caco-2 and HCT 116 cell lines. The entrapment efficiency (EE%) of RX in its NP was 90.0 ± 8.12%. In addition, RX NPs induced higher cytotoxic effect against Caco-2 cells than HCT 116 cells. The cytotoxic fold changes of the RX NP in Caco-2 and HCT 116 cells were 2.52 and 2.16, respectively, compared with the free counterpart. The epigenetic mechanistic effects of these proposed regimens on non-coding-RNAs were investigated. Additionally, some protein levels were assessed in CRC cells upon treatments. Intriguingly, it was suggested that RX NPs tackled the CRC cells through down-regulation of H-19, HOTTIP, HULC, LINC00641, miR-200, miR-92a, miR-21, YKL-40, PPARγ, and VEGF, as well as up-regulation of miR-944 and ECN. We can conclude that the RX NP promisingly tackles CRC cells through modulations of lncRNAs and miRNAs.
Understanding the multilevel determinants of clinicians’ imaging decision-making: Setting the stage for de-implementation of low-value imaging
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Birken Sarah A. , Nielsen Matthew E. , Elston-Lafata Jennifer , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Spees Lisa P.
Published: April 2022

Background: De-implementation requires targeting multilevel determinants of low-value care. The objective of this study was to identify multilevel determinants of imaging for prostate cancer (PCa) and asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH), two common urologic conditions that have contributed substantially to the approximately $30 billion spent annually on unnecessary imaging in the US. Methods: We used a convergent mixed-methods approach involving survey and interview data. Using a survey, we asked 33 clinicians (55% response rate) to indicate their imaging approach to 8 clinical vignettes designed to elicit responses that would demonstrate guideline-concordant/discordant imaging practices for describing patients with PCa or AMH. A subset of survey respondents (N=7) participated in semi-structured interviews guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), whose combination has offered comprehensive understanding of multilevel implementation determinants. We analyzed the interviews using a directed content analysis approach. For each clinical condition, we identified relevant constructs/domains based on the frequencies with which the construct/domain was mentioned across interviews. We then identified subthemes within each construct/domain and examined subtheme similarities and differences across the two clinical conditions. Results: The majority of clinicians chose guideline-concordant imaging behaviors for PCa; guideline-concordant imaging intentions were more varied for AMH. Imaging decisions for both PCa and AMH were often driven by national guidelines from major professional societies. However, when clinicians felt that guidelines were inadequate, they reported that their decision-making was influenced by their knowledge of recent scientific evidence, past clinical experiences, and the anticipated benefits of imaging (or not imaging) to both the patient and the clinician. In particular, clinicians referred to patients’ anxiety and uncertainty which were, at times, resolved through more intensive diagnostic imaging. Patients’ clinical factors also informed clinicians’ imaging decisions. For AMH patients, clinicians additionally expressed concerns regarding legal liability risk. Conclusions: Our study identified comprehensive multilevel determinants of imaging to inform development of de-implementation interventions to reduce low-value imaging, using CFIR+TDF, which we found useful for identifying determinants of de-implementation. De-implementation interventions should be tailored to address the contextual determinants that are specific to each clinical condition.
Microbulbifer okhotskensis sp. nov., isolated from a deep bottom sediment of the Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Romanenko Lyudmila , Kurilenko Valeriya , Otstavnykh Nadezhda , Velansky Peter , Isaeva Marina , Mikhailov Valery
Published: April 2022

A Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterium КММ 9862T was isolated from a deep bottom sediment sample obtained from the Okhotsk Sea, Russia. Based on the 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences analyses the novel strain КММ 9862T fell into the genus Microbulbifer (class Gammaproteobacteria) sharing the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.4% to Microbulbifer echini AM134T and Microbulbifer epialgicus F-104T, 97.3% to Microbulbifer pacificus SPO729T, 97.1% to Microbulbifer variabilis ATCC 700307T, and similarity values of < 97.4% to other recognized Microbulbifer species. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain КMM 9862T and M. variabilis ATCC 700307T and M. thermotolerans DSM 19189T were 80.34 and 77.72%, and 20.2 and 19.0%, respectively. Strain КMM 9862T contained Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and C16:0, C16:1 ω7c, C12:0, and C10:0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids, phosphatidic acid, and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G + C content of 49.8% was calculated from the genome sequence. On the basis of the phylogenetic evidence and distinctive phenotypic characteristics, the marine bacterium KMM 9862T is proposed to be classified as a novel species Microbulbifer okhotskensis sp. nov. The type strain of the species is strain KMM 9862T (= KACC XXXX).
Indian real estate regulations and urban homebuyers: impact assessment
Authors: Chawla Neelam , Kumar Basanta
Published: April 2022

The previously unregulated urban housing and real estate market scenario began to change by promulgating a new law, i.e., the Indian Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERDA, 2016/Act). Claims are that the Act has been saving homebuyers from exploitation by the promoters' evasive and aggressive approach and impacting the economy and society. The paper briefly examines relevant provisions of the Act and judicial pronouncements protecting urban homebuyers' interests; it analyzes in-depth their impact on them in particular and society by empirically studying 540 sample homebuyers' reactions. In addition, the study discusses the implications of regulating foreign direct investments in aiding current policy perceptions supporting housing vis-a-vis the economy. The results show that very often, builders exploit homebuyers. Timely judiciary interventions have removed the initial bottleneck created by builders, positively impacting builders' and governments' safeguarding of homebuyers' interests. The conclusion emerges that even five years after the Act's implementation, its implementation remains uneven.
In vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities of gold nanoparticles synthesized using gamma 1 Irradiation
Authors: Safwat Nesreen A. , El-Hadedy Doaa E. , Saleh H. H. , Ali Zakaria I.
Published: April 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Magnetic Field Recovery Technique Based on Distance Weighting Multipole Expansion Method
Authors: Qiang Li-E , Liu Binbin , Yang Zhen , Peng Xiaodong , Ma Xiaoshan , Xu Peng , Luo Ziren , Tang Wenlin , Zhang Yuzhu , Gao Chen
Published: April 2022

A space-borne gravitational wave detector requires the inertial reference to be in an ultra-low disturbance state, which places exceedingly high demands on the sensitivity of the inertial sensor (IS). However, the local magnetic field of the satellite platform will disturb the test mass (TM) and produce acceleration noise. To monitor and assess the influence of the magnetic field on the TM, it is necessary to monitor the magnetic field near the IS in real-time and reconstruct the magnetic field in the TM area. We propose a distance weighting multipole expansion (DWME) method to satisfy the demand of high-precision magnetic field reconstructions using a small number of magnetometers in a space gravitational wave detection mission. This new method can fully utilize all the magnetometer readout data near two TMs in the spacecraft by distance weighting. The proposed DWME method can reduce the average reconstruction error of a sensitive axial magnetic field from 1.2% to 0.8% and the maximum error from 16% to 8% when compared with the traditional multipole expansion method. Thus, the method provides a new technique to reconstruct the magnetic field using a small number of magnetometers.
Effective Multicast Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Shrawankar Urmila
Published: April 2022

Ad-hoc Networks uses multicast routing protocols which generally depend on creation of multicast tree for the transmission of packet from source to destination. It leads to maintain states of the neighboring node, makes it ineffective and incurs more cost. Maintaining the states of nodes also increases communication and processing overhead as well as requires more amount of memory. Almost all protocols maintain the path list in their routing table which also increases overhead while routing the packets. To overcome the problem of increased communication and processing overhead, a Stateless Receiver-Based multicast routing protocol is used that includes a list of the multicast destination member’s addresses, added in packet headers, to enable receivers to decide the best way to forward the multicast traffic.
Use of areca-nut husk ash (AHA) in brick preparation and its impact analysis
Authors: Sharma Subrahmanya R , S Sanjay S
Published: April 2022

Varieties of wastes were used in the preparation of bricks by mixing them in calculated proportions along with soil/clay. Bricks are prepared by the use of wastes such as, wood saw dust and ashes, bamboo ashes, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, charcoal, sludge, waste glass powder, plastics, fly ash, mining fluid wastes, petroleum refining wastes, textile wastes, sewage sludge etc. The areca-nut husk is available in plenty as a local excess waste, which is burnt to ash in the furnace. The areca-nut husk ash (AHA) comprises rich content of silica in it, hence mixed with clay in various ratios to prepare the ash based class II bricks. Interestingly bricks prepared had exhibited very low water absorption ability and had superior compression strength. Present invention provides a sustainable waste ash management pathway by making use of AHA to produce the essential construction materials.
From Experimental Results To Business Strategies: Harnessing The Power Of Decision Trees And Rule-Learners
Authors: Pasha Fahad Mansoor
Published: April 2022

Marketing research is considered impractical and theoretical. Marketing research relies on complex models and theoretical concepts that require complex knowledge to understand. However, practitioners (e.g., managers, strategic planners) do not possess complex knowledge. The current study proposes that marketers communicate study results in non-complex, easily understandable language. The current study identifies decision rules and rule-learners as two techniques that marketing researchers can use to communicate study results in easily understandable language. Decision trees and rule-learners transform study results into rules (e.g., if-else statements) that help practitioners adopt strategies based on study results. Using data from two real markets, the current study shows that rule-learners produce more accurate rules (i.e., higher strategic accuracy), while the decision trees create more diversified rules (i.e., greater strategy options). Hence, the decision trees and rule-learners must be combined to produce optimal gains for practitioners using marketing study results. Future research and implications are discussed.
Value Orientations of the Audiovisual Periodicals Dramaturgy: Reconfiguring Scientific Optics
Authors:   Media Industry Academy, Kemarskaya Irina N.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the problem of the transition to a new paradigm of media products’ value understanding of audiovisual periodicals in digital age. Relevance of the approach is challenged by the necessity to change the evaluative paradigm of modern aesthetics, which dominated for almost the entire twentieth century, to the criteria of postmodern and metamodern. The article emphasizes the professional competencies that can be positioned as “non-digitizable”, such as creativity and value orientation of creators. The article demonstrates the transformation of singularity and innovativeness of films to the “dramaturgy of seriality” due to TV and web documentaries, and further, to the dramaturgy of open search processes of metamodern. Methodologically, the change of scientific “optics” is proved in the course of revision of traditional screen dramaturgy replaced by the new approaches to the value status of transmedia audiovisual broadcasting. A generative format model is presented as the general-purpose mechanism of the TV and video shows dramatic structure. The value approach changes the methodological discourses of evaluating broadcasting media: from text-centric to polycode, from author’s subordination to viewer’s priority, from the content analysis to the dynamics of show structures. The results of the study move forward the development of professional competencies in media value chain and can be used for the training and retraining of specialists.
The Image of the Perception of the Japanese and Japan in the Pre-Revolutionary Experience of Artistic Reflection: The Genre Aspect
Authors:   Amur State University, Zabiyako Anna A. , Yuqi Wang ,   Amur State University
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the research is determined by the interest of modern literary criticism in the imagological aspects and the problem of developing a research strategy in relation to this kind of texts. The novelty of the work is defined by the genre approach to the study of the image of perception of Japan and the Japanese in Russian pre-revolutionary literature dedicated to the events of the Russian-Japanese war, the introduction of previously unknown texts into scientific circulation, a comparative analysis of narrative strategies that determine the genre specificity of each text. The purpose of the work is to explicate the genre originality of works on the RussianJapanese war, which determines the perspective of the pre-revolutionary artistic reception of the image of perception of Japan and the Japanese in Russia. The methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach that underpins the imagological paradigm of research. The authors rely on Russian and Chinese works on the history of Japan, Russian-Japanese relations, ethnography of Japan, ethnopsychology, religious studies, on the broad context of imagological research; apply historical-literary, comparative-historical, immanent analysis methods. The complex research is based on modern works concerning the problems of genre studies. The article traces the path of transformation of perceptions of Japan and the Japanese in Russian literature since the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of 20th century which is determined by the genre task of the works: from the first travelogues to the jingoistic notes in periodicals and further to “pacifist” fiction and post-war artistic experiences – the spy and detective text by A. I. Kuprin, the military diaries by V. V. Veresaev, a children’s ethnographic story by I. I. Mitropolsky. We conclude that the tragic and inglorious experience of the Russian-Japanese war pushed the horizons of not only the scientific comprehension of Japan and the Japanese by Russian scientists but also giving development to various genres of Russian literature opened the artistic possibilities of new ethnocultural and ethnopsychological experiences of self-knowledge of Russianness and Russians.
A Story Cutty Sark by I. A. Efremov: The Specifics of the Correlation of Documentary and Artistic Principles
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Khudenko Elena A. , Myznikova Ekaterina A. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2022

The article studies the specifics of the correlation of documentary and artistic principles based on the material of Ivan Efremov’s story Cutty Sark. Comparison of the 1943 and 1957 editions of the story allows us to state that the text is “constructed” for the implementation of certain author’s intentions. In particular, the second edition “weighs down” the documentary beginning of the text, but it creates the illusion of documentality, the effect of verisimilitude. The perfection of the sailboat and the history of its existence become a source of reflection for the author about art, about expediency as a result of an evolutionary process that harmonizes the ratio of form and content. A comparison of the Ephraim story with a scientific source ‒ the book of the shipbuilding historian J. Campbell ‒ leads to the identification of a certain intentional author’s strategy. The distortion of the factual basis in the storyline of the story emphasizes Efremov’s desire to derive a general “law” (formula) of beauty and immortality and apply this law to every kind of creativity. The idea of a highly artistic, “wonderful” creation is realized at all levels of the text: the language of the story is replete with visual and expressive means; the name of the sailboat is played out in the context of Robert Burns’ poetics; the principle of sevenfold is used. Thus, the story about the clipper Cutty Sark, far from documentary authenticity, becomes the embodiment of a beautiful fate and good luck achieved due to the balance of form and content in the sailboat. The specificity of the correlation of the documentary and the artistic in the story under study allows us to speak about the author’s strategy formed, which then passed into novel creativity, as well as about the originality of the writer’s philosophical and aesthetic views.