bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Manajemen Laba Pada Laporan Keuangan Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Rohmaniyah Alfiyatur , Khanifah Khanifah
Published: March 2020

Abstract

This study aims to analyze earnings management in Islamic banking financial statements (studies on Indonesian Islamic Commercial Banks 2015-2017).in this study the data used is secondary data and uses the 2015-2017financial report at annualreport. The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling with a total of 13 Indonesian Islamic Commercial Banks. The data analysis method used is the discretionary accrual approach, descriptive statistical analysis, multiple regression analysis. The test results that have been carried out during the observation period are in the indexed Islamic Commercial Banks to practice earnings management in the financial statements. This is evidenced by the results of the discretionary accrual (DA) for three years which are negative and positive, discretionary accrual (DA) which has been analyzed has an average below zero,in other words the average DA value is negative, this means Indonesian Islamic Commercial Banks In 2015-2017, earnings magement was carried out by reducing the profit rate.

Keywords: earnings management and discretionary accrual.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengalisis manajemen laba pada laporan keuangan perbankan syariah (studi pada Bank Umum Syariah IndonesiaTahun 2015-2017). Dalam penelitian ini data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan menggunakan laporan keuangan periode 2015-2017 di annualreport. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Dengan jumlah sebanyak 13 Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah pendekatan discretionary accrual, analisis deskriptif statistik, analisis regresi berganda. Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan selama periode pengamatan yaitu pada Bank Umum Syariah terindekasi melakukan praktik manajemen laba dalam laporan keuangan. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil Discretionary Accrual (DA) selama tiga tahun yang bernilai negatif dan positif, Discretionary Accrual (DA) yang telah dianalisis memmiliki rata-rata di bawah angka nol, dengan kata lain nilai DA rata-rata bernilai negatif, hal ini berarti Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia Pada tahun 2015-2017 melakukan manajemen laba dengan cara menurunkan angka laba.

Kata Kunci: manajemen laba dan discretionary accrual.
Analisis Laporan Keuangan Dalam Menilai Kesehatan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Pada Pt. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) Jateng Tahun 2013-2017
Authors: Nurullasari Haninditya , Yusroni Nanang , Astuti Ernawati Budi
Published: March 2020

Abstract

This study aims to determine the level of soundness of the company's financial performance from PT. BPR in 2013-2017 using ratio analysis of capital, profitability and liquidity factors. The data analysis technique used is a quantitative descriptive analysis technique. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion shows that the financial health performance of PT. Central Java Rural Banks (BPR) in 2013-2017 viewed from the capital factor if calculated using the CAR ratio can be categorized as HEALTHY. When viewed from the profitability factor and calculated using the ROA ratio it is also categorized HEALTHY, but when seen the BOPO ratio of PT. Central Java Rural Bank in 2015-2017 is categorized as NOT HEALTHY because the resulting ratio is too high so it is inefficient. While the health level is seen from the liquidity factor of PT. Central Java Rural Bank is categorized as HEALTHY.

Keywords: Soundness, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return On Assets (ROA), Operating Expenses Against Operating Income (BOPO), Cash Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR)

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan kinerja keuangan perusahaan dari PT. BPR Jateng Tahun 2013-2017 dengan menggunakan analisis rasio dari faktor permodalan, rentabilitas dan likuiditas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa kesehatan kinerja keuangan PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) Jateng pada tahun 2013-2017 dilihat dari faktor permodalan apabila dihitung dengan menggunakan rasio CAR dapat dikategorikan SEHAT. Jika dilihat dari faktor rentabilitas dan dihitung dengan menggunakan rasio ROA juga dikategorikan SEHAT, namun apabila dilihat rasio BOPO PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Jateng tahun 2015-2017 dikategorikan TIDAK SEHAT karena rasio yang dihasilkan terlalu tinggi sehingga tidak efisien. Sedangkan tingkat kesehatan dilihat dari faktor likuiditas PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Jateng dikategorikan SEHAT.

Kata Kunci : Tingkat Kesehatan, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return On Assets (ROA), Beban Operasional Terhadap Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Cash Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR)
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Kartu Seluler Indosat
Authors: Yanto Agus Fitri
Published: March 2020

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine product quality and promotion effect on the purchasing decision to Indosat cellular card products. The F test results = 10.457 (0,000
Saddu al-Dzari’ah dalam Muamalah Islam
Authors: Takhim Muhamad
Published: March 2020

Sadd al-dzari’ahmerupakan salah satu metode pengambilan keputusan hukum (istinbath al-hukum) dalam Islam.Melalui metode ini upaya manusiadiproteksi dan dijaga untuk tidakterjerumus dalam kerusakan (Mafsadah), dengan cara menutup dan memblokir semua sarana, alat dan wasilah (perantara) yang akan digunakan untuk melakukan suatu perbuatan.Sedangkan kebalikan dari Sadd al-dzari’ah adalah Fath Adz-Dzariah, membuka (memperbolehkan) penggunaan sarana, alat dan atau wasilah yang akan digunakan untuk melakukan suatu perbuatan. Pendekatan yang penulis gunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Penulis mendeskripsikan pendapat para ulama, dalil beserta beberapa contoh implementasi dalam muamalah islam kemudian menganalisisnya, sehingga penulis mempunyai kesimpulan bahwa Saddu al-Dzari’ahmerupakan metode tindakan preventif yang digunakan oleh sebagian para ulama dalam menyelesaikan problem muamalah islam.

Kata kunci: Saddu al-Dzari’ah, Hujjah,Istimbat
PENGARUH KEPATUHAN DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA)
Authors: Mawuntu Nikita Srisilia , Manossoh Hendrik , Afandi Dhullo
Published: March 2020

Local Government Financial Statement is an information media for the society that gives information about the financial position and the performance of local government. Therefore, a financial statement should be qualified, reliable, accountable and transparent to meet the public requirement. Some factors are considered capable to improve the quality of Local Government Financial Statement. They are compliance with the rule of law and internal control. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of compliance to the rule of law and internal control toward the quality of Minahasa Utara Regency Government Financial Statement. There are 60 respondents as the samples have been taken from 24 Local Government Organization used in this research. It uses quantitative analysis method and questionnaire instrument as primary data collection and process the data by SPSS version 23. The statistic method that used to verify the hypothesis is by multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis test results show that compliance to the rule of law has a positive and significant effect to the quality of Local Government Financial Statement while internal control has no significant and positive influence to the Financial Statement of Minahasa Utara Regency Government.
Bio-Electro-Fenton: a novel method for treating leachate in Da Phuoc Landfill, Vietnam
Authors: Linh Ho Nhut , Ho Hai Truong Nam
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Leachate is a noticeable pollution problem because it contains a considerable amount of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). If leachate isn’t treated thoroughly, its leak will negatively affect the environment. Therefore, appropriate treatment technologies are required to remove them. Bio-Electro-Fenton (BEF) is a new method using microorganisms such as electrolytes to convert chemical energy into electricity to help create H2O2 support advanced oxidation process (AOPs). The potentiality of the applicability of BEF technology as a pretreatment step for leachate from Da Phuoc landfill (operation time > 12 years), Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: The BEF pilot scale model (30 x 10 x 10 cm) is divided by a proton exchange membrane (PEM) (Nafion®112) into two chambers (anode and cathode). Cathode chamber used a graphite electrode, the anode chamber used a carbon fabric electrode. The experiments aimed to determine the optimal conditions of parameters affecting the BEF system by determining the efficiency of COD removal and BOD5/COD ratio in leachate. Results: At optimal conditions of the model including pH 3, [Fe2+] = 4g/L, current intensity = 1A, reaction time  60 minutes and airflow = 12 L/min, as a result COD was reduced by 68.2% from 4950 mgO2/L to 1574.1 mgO2/L, the ratio of BOD5/COD = 0.1. Conclusion: The study result showed that Bio-electro-Fenton process is effective for wastewater with high concentrations of pollutant and difficult to treat as leachate, suggesting that the appropriate method for pre-treatment processes support the thorough elimination of pollutants.
Methanol Poisoning and Its Treatment
Authors: Najari Fares , Baradaran Ideh , Najari Dorsa
Published: March 2020

Background: Methanol is a toxic alcohol found in illegal liquor, and its poisoning may cause death if not treated timely and properly. In 2018, methanol toxicity in Iran increased dramatically. Regarding the high prevalence of methanol toxicity, its high mortality rate, and the cost of treatment as well as the importance of timely diagnosis in the treatment of this condition, we decided to review methanol toxicity, its signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.Evidence Acquisition: We searched for articles on reliable databases such as Embase and Medline from January 2018 to May 2018 using the following keywords: “methanol,” “toxic alcohol,” and “ethanol toxicity treatment.”Results: This review discusses how to diagnose methanol toxicity by using clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory examinations; it also suggests new treatments. Meanwhile, we provide alternatives for diagnosis in case of shortages of tests in the emergency department.Conclusion: Diagnosis of ethanol toxicity due to non-specific signs and symptoms, late patient’s referral, and lack of proper history-taking can be very difficult and delay the onset of treatment. There is also no clear scientific evidence as to whether ethanol or fomepizole should be used as the first choice of therapy for methanol toxicity because there is no direct comparison between these two antidotes regarding their effectiveness and safety. The appropriate antidote is chosen depending on the availability, cost, accessibility of hemodialysis, and the physician’s experience. If the therapist does not have enough experience, it is easier to use fomepizole.
Medical Confidentiality: Legal and Ethical Challenges in Iran
Authors: Banagozar Mohammadi Ali , Vahabzadeh Maryam
Published: March 2020

Being a matter of confidentiality, medical "secret" is an issue that physicians are aware of due to nature of their profession. Breach of confidentiality is defined as giving away a patient’s medical records by any means such as writing, telling, implying etc. According to law in Iran, medical confidentiality is one of the principles of medical profession and if anyone breaches it, they can be imprisoned up to one year. It is imperative that medical professionals make every effort to protect their patients’ secrets from being divulged even to their next of kin. Disclosure of patients' secret without their consent also results in public distrust in the healthcare system so that individuals either refuse to see the doctor or give incomplete and inaccurate information in the future, which per se can cause serious health risks.
建筑环境与暖通空调节能探析
Authors: 井 振宇
Published: March 2020

近些年来,伴随着我国国民经济的快速发展,人民群众的生活水平和经济状况也有了很大改善,另外,由于城镇化的加速推进,也使得对于空调的需求越来越大,随之而来的是能源消耗的大量增加。当今世界正面临越来越严重的能源短缺问题,世界各国都在采取措施积极应对,中国也加入了节能减排的队伍中。对于空调而言,其节能效果也正在受到越来越多的关注。另外,随着人民环保意识提高,对建筑环境也提出新的更高的要求。设计人员在施工过程中,需要多采用节能材料,另外要多已经节能设备,推进暖通空调的节能。
水利水电工程中的混泥土防渗墙施工探析
Authors: 朱 俊丽
Published: March 2020

随着我国社会经济发展的加快,水利工程作为我国社会发展的重点工程,在社会经济发展环境中也取得了显著的成绩,其中水利发电以其独特的优势得到了广泛的认可和应用。发展的水利水电工程,施工技术是截水墙的关键部分,本文首先对防渗墙施工技术在水利工程类型介绍,然后重点水利建设项目技术质量控制的主要对策是本文所讨论的,分析了水利水电工程项目在防渗墙施工中应注意的技术要点,希望我国水利水电工程顺利进行。
关于构建高职教育校内实训基地建设评估体系的探讨
Authors: 张 晓莉 , 郭 婷
Published: March 2020

高职教育的要点是全面提高学生的实践技能。为此许多高职院校建立的校内实训基地。而实训基地的作用需要借助评估才能明确教学质量,才能表明实训基地的建设效果。因此评估体系的确定是关键。针对评估体系培养要结合高职教育的特点明确标准,把握评估的内涵,依据相应的原则,以发挥评估的作用。
浅析高中语文教学中德育教育的渗透
Authors: 熊 梅
Published: March 2020

语文是一门语言学科,语文教师在语文教学活动中必须要树立明确的德育与美育目标,并采取有效的措施,实现二者的有机融合,进而帮助学生塑造正确的三观,引领学生健康成长。基于此,文章对高中语文课堂美育、德育的内涵做了具体分析,又结合着学生们的实际需要,总结了一些有效渗透的办法。
浅谈大学支持附属学校英语校本教研
Authors: 温 婧
Published: March 2020

在我国传统教育模式下,大学教育注重于理论研究,而中小学偏重教学实践,两种不同教育模式容易造成教育理论与实践的脱节,大学与中小学教育资源不能实现共享,教育整合力也难以实现。
基于PBGS理念的《旅游学概论》混合式教学课程改革研究
Authors: 王 秋娜
Published: March 2020

根据《幼儿园教育指导纲要》要求,我园针对如何做好幼小衔接教育而开展主题活动进行反复探索,通过“我要上学啦”主题下一系列活动内容的实施,帮助大班幼儿从意识上、思想上、行为上进一步向小学生活靠拢,为幼儿顺利升入小学做好心理和能力上的双重准备。
精准扶贫背景下关于高校资助育人的思考
Authors: 李 征 , 于 景琦 , 吕 征
Published: March 2020

增强国家教育文化软实力,培养更多优秀的青年人才力量已成为当前最关键任务。开展精准资助工作任重道远,高校要不断完善资助育人的新理念,从实际出发落实资助育人的创新措施,把“育人”二字贯彻所有经济资助本身,把物质资助和精神资助相结合。
小学语文群文阅读在课堂教学中的应用探析
Authors: 王 书茵
Published: March 2020

随着经济体制的调整,社会的发展也在稳固的提升,教育事业的改革被提升了到一个新的高度,尤其是在小学教育方面,更加引起了教育部门的重视。在小学语文教学中,提升孩子们的核心素养逐渐成为了语文教学的重点,越来越先进的教育方法被应用到教学实践中,其中群文阅读作为一种创造性的语文阅读教学,较好的弥补了学生在阅读时出现了单一问题,可以最大化的提升孩子们的学习兴趣,帮助他们扩展知识面,让单一的知识变得立体,发散思维,让学习不再局限于书本上的知识,多元化的教学更好的提升学生对于各方面知识的认知。本文研究通过对群文阅读教学和小学语文学科教学的相关文献进行整理分析,对小学语文群文阅读在课堂教学中存在的问题进行探讨,发现教学中存在的一些不足,针对小学语文群文阅读教学这一难题进行解析,提出一些针对性的方式方法,希望可以对小学语文教育提供一定理论支持,也为广大教育者在教学方面提供一定的参考。
Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans: um Diagnóstico Diferencial dos Tumores do Mediastino Anterior em Crianças
Authors: Azevedo Dutra Robson , Cartafina Perez-Boscollo Adriana , Da Silva Junior Luiz Mauricio , Alexandre Murilo , Dutra de Morais Júnior Sebastião
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A Histiocitose de células de Langerhans (HCL) corresponde a um grupo heterogêneo de desordens caracterizadas pela proliferação monoclonal de células dendríticas. Com incidência de 5 a 10 casos/milhão/ano, apresenta etiologia desconhecida e um amplo espectro clínico, manifestando-se principalmente por meio de lesões ósseas e cutâneas. Predomina no sexo masculino e em menores de 15 anos. Relato de caso: Relato de caso de uma criança do sexo feminino, 4 anos de idade, que apresentava uma grande massa em mediastino anterior, aderida aos vasos da base do coração. A biópsia da lesão sugeriu HCL, o que foi confirmado pelo estudo imuno-histoquímico, positivo para os marcadores CD1a e S100. Na investigação complementar, também foi observado acometimento cutâneo pela doença. Conclusão: O acometimento linfonodal pela HCL ocorre em apenas 5-10% dos casos. Ao afetar os linfonodos mediastinais, pode resultar em tumores de tamanhos variados. Nesses casos, o diagnóstico constitui um desafio, haja vista o grande número de patologias que se manifestam por massas mediastinais. Dessa forma, enfatiza-se a importância de incluir a HCL no diagnóstico diferencial das massas mediastinais em crianças.
Türkiye’de Dış Borçlar Sürdürülebilir mi? ARIMA Modeli
Authors: YENİSU Ersin
Published: March 2020

Dış borçlar özellikle ikinci dünya savaşından sonra az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerce kalkınma amacıyla kullanılan bir gelir kaynağı olmuştur. Tasarruf açığı dolayısıyla sermaye birikimi yetersiz olan Türkiye gibi ülkeler dış borçları çoğu zaman verimli ve ekonomilerin üretim gücünü arttıracak şekilde kullanamamışlardır. Mali açıklarını kapatmaya çalışan ülkeler için dış borç sarmalı zamanla söz konusu borçların sürdürülemez bir düzeye gelmesine yol açmıştır. Literatüre göre genellikle ekonomik büyüme üzerinde negatif etkileri olan dış borç anapara ve faiz ödemelerinin sürdürülebilirliği ve dış borçların etkin kullanıp kullanılmadığı günümüzde önem taşımaktadır. Nitekim bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin dış borçlarının sürdürülebilir olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye’de dış borç yapısını analiz etmek ve öngörü yöntemiyle dış borçların sürdürülebilir olup olmadığı tespit etmektir. Bunun için 1990-2016 yıllık verileri kullanılmış olup analiz aracı olarak grafiklerden, tablolardan ve ekonometrik bir yöntem olan ARIMA modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada ARIMA modeliyle 2017-2025 yılları “Dış Borç Stoku”, “GSYİH” ve “İhracat” değerleri tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmaya göre Türkiye’de dış borçlar sürdürülebilirdir. Fakat eşik değerde bulunulması nedeniyle dış borç yönetiminde ihtiyatlı olunmasının gerektiği de açıktır. Diğer taraftan dış borç stoku konusu sadece bir ülkenin mevcut mali dengeleri üzerinde değil aynı zamanda gelecek kuşakların üzerine ekonomik bir yük getirmesi açısından da değerlendirilmelidir.
Konaklama Arz Yapısı Bakımından Turistik Destinasyonlarda Dış Çevre Analizi: Ayvalık Örneği
Authors: BEZİRGAN Muammer , KÖMÜR Taner
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bölgede faaliyet gösteren konaklama işletmeleri açısından Ayvalık destinasyonunun dış çevre analizinin yapılmasıdır. Ayvalık turizm sektörü verilerinin incelenmesiyle birlikte turizm pazarının yapısı, sınırları ve pazarın gelişme hızı belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak rekabet analizi ile rakip analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, ikincil veri kaynaklarından yararlanılmıştır. Ayvalık, Türkiye’nin en büyük Doğa ve Tabiat Parkına sahip olmasının yanı sıra zeytin ve zeytinyağıyla Türkiye’de ve Dünya’da tanınmış markalardan biridir. Ayvalık’ta turizm işletme ve belediye belgeli toplam 291 adet konaklama tesisi bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu tesislerin sadece 22’si turizm işletme belgelidir. Bu noktada bölgede turizm işletme belgeli tesis sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu verilere göre Ayvalık’ın bugüne kadar turizm potansiyelini hedeflediği düzeyde değerlendirememesi, turizm işletme belgeli tesis yatırımı ihtiyacına işaret etmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma sonucunda bölgedeki turizm faaliyetinin artış eğilimi gösterdiği; bölgeyi ziyaret edenlerin % 20’sini yabancı turistler oluşturduğundan pazarın iç turizm ile sınırlandırılmış olduğu; bölgedeki arsa sıkıntısı ile kalifiye personel bulmanın zor olması, pazara girişteki başlıca engellerin olduğu; çok sayıda konaklama tesisi arasında tam rekabet piyasa koşullarının hakim olduğu; az sayıdaki tedarikçi arasında yeterince rekabet oluşmadığından tedarikçilerin gücünün yüksek ve çok sayıda konaklama tesisini seçebilme şansı olduğundan müşteri gücünün yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.
Lise Öğrencileri İçin Analitik Düşünme Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: OCAK Gürbüz , PARK Ferat
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada lise öğrencilerinin analitik düşünme düzeyleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Afyonkarahisar ilinde öğrenim gören 297 lise öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada karma yöntemlerden olan keşfedici ardışık desen kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada 24 maddelik beşli likert tipinde lise öğrencileri için analitik düşünme ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek 1. faktörde (bilgiyi özümseme) 0.449 - 0.734 arasında faktör yükleri olan 10 madde, 2. faktörde (ayrıntılara dikkat etme) 0.590 – 0.772 arasında faktör yükleri olan 6 madde, 3. faktörde (çözümleme) 0.617 - 0.769 arasında faktör yükleri olan 4 madde ve 4. faktörde (çalışma stratejisi) 0.646 - 0.758 arasında faktör yükleri olan dört alt faktörden oluşturulmuştur. Geliştirilen ölçeğin alt boyutlarının cronbach alfa katsayıları 0.867, 0.840, 0.774 ve 0.741 ve ölçeğin tüm güvenirlik katsayısı 0.908 olarak hesaplanarak güvenilir olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda 24 maddelik, 4 alt boyuta sahip, 5’li likert tipinde ve güvenilir bir ölçek elde edildiği söylenebilir. Araştırmanın son bölümünde doğrulayıcı faktör analizi çalışmaları gerçekleştirmiş ve uyum iyiliği indekslerinin mükemmel ve kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
En Erken Devirlerden Türk Mezarlarına Ölü Yakımı Uygulaması
Authors: YILDIRIM Elvin
Published: March 2020

Türklerin binlerce yıllık mezar gömü üslubu olarak inhumasyon uygulamasını kullandıkları, atalar kültü inanışına göre ölülerini kurganlara gömdükleri bilinmektedir. Diğer taraftan Türkler arasında ölü yakımının uygulanıp uygulanmadığı meselesi üzerine tartışmalar mevcuttur. Çin kaynakları Türklerin ölü yakımı uygulamasını yaptıklarını ifade etmektedirler. Arkeolojik olarak da Türklerde ölü yakımı uygulamasının kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Böylece yazılı kaynaklar ve maddi kültür unsurları birbirlerini desteklemiş bulunmaktadır. Türklerin yurt tuttuğu engin bozkır coğrafyasında Ural havalisinden Hakasya topraklarına kadar Srubna-Andronovo Kültürü döneminden Karasuk Kültürü ve Tagar-Taştık Kültürü ve beraberinde Türk boylarının sahneye çıkışı ve uyguladıkları ölü gömme uygulamalarını mezar envanterleri üzerinden inceleyerek, kremasyon uygulamasının en erken hangi dönem kullanıldığının ve ne zaman terk edildiğinin cevaplarını ortaya koymaya çalışacağız.
CONSTRUINDO UM AUTOR COLONIAL NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Souza Caio Cesar Esteves de
Published: March 2020

Este ensaio propõe uma reflexão em andamento sobre os mecanismos que a historiografialiterária e a filologia/crítica textual empregam desde o século XIX paraconstruir autores coloniais nas letras latino-americanas. Enquanto reflexão emandamento, não busca propor respostas definitivas, mas defender a pertinência dealgumas perguntas para as quais apenas podemos oferecer respostas parciais noatual estado de nossa pesquisa. Trata-se de um convite à reflexão sobre temas quemuitas vezes passam batido na atividade crítica.Palavras-chave: Autor, Letras Coloniais, História, Filologia, Ensaio.
A EXPRESSÃO VARIÁVEL DO FUTURO E DO CONDICIONAL NO SEMIÁRIDO BAIANO – COMPARANDO EXTREMOS SOCIAIS
Authors: Rocha Franciane , Oliveira Josane Moreira de
Published: March 2020

Este artigo comporta um estudo realizado em dois extremos de localidade e escolaridade em Feira de Santana, Bahia, com o objetivo de obter um retrato sociolinguístico da produção do futuro e do condicional, considerando sua realidade polarizada tanto social quanto linguisticamente. Tomamos a produtividade da forma ir + infinitivo na nossa amostra e a existência de outras formas de expressão do valor futuro na fala dos feirenses. Além disso, nos centramos no uso das estruturas de condicional e sua distribuição regular na fala dos informantes das zonas rural e urbana, estratificados em informantes cultos (escolarizados em nível superior) e informantes não escolarizados. Concluímos que, ao comparar as ocorrências de futuro, é clara a superioridade produtiva estabelecida pelo futuro perifrástico sobre as outras variantes nos dados de futuro, configurando uma mudança linguística praticamente estabelecida na fala dos feirenses.Palavras-chave: Sociolinguística; Expressão de Futuro; Português Brasileiro; Feira de Santana.
КОМУНІКАТИВНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ У ПОЛІТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ОФІЦІЙНИХ СТОРІНОК НАРОДНИХ ДЕПУТАТІВ У СОЦІАЛЬНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ «ФЕЙСБУК»)
Authors: Sashchuk T.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of the study of the communicative competence of the politicians on the basis of the analysis of their messages on their official pages of the Facebook social network. The research used the following general scientific methods: descriptive and comparative, as well as analysis, synthesis and generalization. The quantitative content analysis method with qualitative elements was used to distinguish the peculiarities of information messages that provide communication of the deputies of Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian Parliament) on their official Facebook pages. Information messages have been analyzed by the following three criteria: subject matter, structure and language.

 

For the first time the article draws a parallel between communicative competence and the ability to communicate with voters on the official pages of Facebook which is the most popular social network in Ukraine. As it is established, communicative competence in the analyzed cases is caused not by education, but by previous professional activity of a politician. The most successful and high-quality communication was from the current parliamentarian who worked as a journalist in the past. More than half of the messages that provided successful communication consisted of sufficiently structured short text and a video. The topic covers the activity of the parliamentarian in the Verkhovna Rada and in his district. More than half of the messages are spoken in the first person.

The findings of the study can be used in teaching such subjects as Political PR and Electronic PR, and may be of interest to politicians and their assistants.

Key words: competence and competency, communicative competence, political discourse, official page of the deputy of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on the Facebook social network, subject matter and structure of the information message, first-person narrative, correspondence of communication to the level of communicative competence.
ВИСВІТЛЕННЯ ТРАГЕДІЇ ГОЛОДОМОРУ (1932–1933) В АКТУАЛЬНИХ ПРОГРАМАХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ РЕДАКЦІЙ «ГОЛОСУ АМЕРИКИ», BBC, DW, РАДІО «ВАТИКАН» І «СВОБОДА»
Authors: Tsyperdiuk I.
Published: March 2020

 

The article analyzes the work of the Ukrainian editorial office of Voice of America, BBC, DW, Vatican Radio, and Radio Liberty, which traditionally cover the Holodomor theme, showing different sides of this tragic event. Monitoring of the materials that are about the next anniversary of the Holodomor was done, and it was found out how effectively the editorial office was able to present this complex topic.

It is shown that the Ukrainian editorial offices of foreign radio stations reported on the Holodomor of the Ukrainian people of 1932–1933, which was arranged by the Soviet regime, throughout the entire history of their broadcasting. Ukrainian editorial offices of Vatican Radio, Voice of America, and Radio Liberty have become the voice of the enslaved Ukrainian people for decades, who could not tell the world about the genocide when being under occupation. Due to their programs and materials, this topic did not dissolve in the general information flow.

When covering the 86th anniversary of the Holocaust victims of 1932–1933, Ukrainian editorial offices of Voice of America, BBC, DW, and Radio Liberty have shown an example of comprehensive coverage of a complex historical topic. The programs and materials that analyze the greatest tragedy of the Ukrainian people are intended to show in detail the perpetrators of this terrible crime and the victims, who should not be forgotten. The work of the Ukrainian editorial offices in this direction is fully in line with the best world practice, when the media helps society to realize and understand the horrific pages of their past, in order to learn the truth and move into the future.

Against the backdrop of numerous articles on the Holodomor prepared by Ukrainian editorial offices of Voice of America, BBC, DW, and Radio Liberty in 2019, there has been little involvement of the domestic media in this regard. This demonstrates that Ukrainian society, and with it, the media environment, continues to overcome the difficult path of restoring historical memory, establishing the causes of national defeats and tragedies, the largest of which was the genocide of Ukrainians in 1932–1933.

Key words: Holodomor, genocide, the Ukrainian editorial offices of Voice of America, BBC News Ukrainian, DW, Radio Liberty, Vatican Radio.

 
ГЕНДЕРОВАНА МОВА В ГАЗЕТНОМУ Й ТЕЛЕВІЗІЙНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ УКРАЇНИ: СУЧАСНЕ БАЧЕННЯ
Authors: Ostapchuk S.
Published: March 2020

The article describes the generic differentiation of nouns for the designation of persons in the modern newspaper and TV space; covered the use of gender endings in the language practice of mass communication; it is determined that forms of both genera – male and female can be formed from most profession’s names. Attention is paid to the expediency of using feminine and masculine or common gender instead of the common masculine. Gender issues in language communication are discussed. Gender and professional communication has outlined.

In the scientific context, different approaches to gender theories have been covered: sociological and linguistic. The general tendency of the gender approach to socio-cultural reality is revealed: naming the feminitives and masculinitives, social roles and processes, giving them the features, expressiveness.

There are two sets of feminitives: the first is nouns that call women by different characteristics: family ties, nationality, profession, position, and so on. The second group of feminitives are nouns that call females animals.

It has been established that the media play an important role in shaping public opinion, evaluating events, influencing the image of modern men and women and shaping our gender stereotypes.

It is revealed that the most productive is the suffix – k-, by which the most feminine innovations are now formed, the suffix – its- – the second word-forming productivity, the suffix – in- generates feminitives from the masculine bases to – ets, – log or consonant.

It is revealed that the new spelling has approved the use and the most productive models of feminitives’ creation.

It has been found that the most promising and well-grounded area of analysis of the peculiarities of male and female language is the study of the tactics of speech behavior of men and women in different communicative situations, taking into account the cultural tradition of a particular society.

Key words: gender, gender language, language culture, gender endings, feminitives, gender differentiation of nouns, gender approach, media, TV space.
Political Socialization of Youth as a Product of Interaction of Value-Mental Attitudes of an Individual and Purposeful Information Influence
Authors: Ihrushko A. , Belkova S.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the political socialization of youth as a component of general socialization, carried out under the influence of a combination of institutional and personal factors, in particular the influence of the media.

The purpose of the article is to determine the mechanisms of the influence of information and communication technologies on the political socialization of youth based on the analysis of personal and institutional factors of political socialization.

The article used a set of general scientific methods, namely: a logical analysis of scientific achievements and theoretical conclusions on the research problem; comparative method; a systematic approach that allowed revealing the integrity and interconnection of factors and mechanisms of informational impact on the process of political socialization.

It is determined that the value-normative formation of an individual occurs through the implementation of certain social mechanisms, with the help of which the socio-political roles and political activity of individuals as participants in the political process are fixed.

It is revealed that an individual interpretation of the features of cultural interaction in the process of political socialization is of particular importance in the conditions of the modern information society. Through the process of political socialization, the regulation of political practices is ensured. As a result of socialization, value-mental attitudes are consolidated, through the prism of which there is an assessment of the everyday life of the individual, and, accordingly, the perception of the political world.

In fact, building a system of social mechanisms for the influence of the media on the process of political socialization of youth is crucial because it creates the prerequisites for the further development of civil society. At the same time, the fixed social models of political practices, based on the symbolic reproduction of images and values, will ensure at the social level the correspondence of individual needs of an individual with group needs. Accordingly, there will be a reproduction (adjustment) of behavioral practices in accordance with the goals, interests and ideals of the social group that shares certain political values.

Key words: mass media, informational impact, political socialization, political culture, value orientations.
КНИЖКОВІ ІНТЕРНЕТ-МЕДІА В КОНТЕКСТІ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ
Authors: Ohar E.
Published: March 2020

The object of the study in this article is internet media, which have fulfilled a professional and at the same time an important socio-cultural functions over the last decade: to reflect on the phenomena, events, facts of the modern literary and publishing process. In the Ukrainian scientific discourse, these media are mostly seen as tools for promoting book or as a platform for literary criticism. The article suggests comprehending the phenomenon in terms of journalism studies, which allows further analysis of the content generated by them in the aspect of cultural journalism.

The subject of the study is the typological characteristics of the analysed media – «LitAzkent», «Bukvoyid», «Chytomo», «BaraBuka, Space of Ukrainian Children’s Literature», «Buckmol» which hold a strong position in the relevant segment of media market. They have been selected for consideration as the ones 1) specializing in literary and book issues, 2) not having a «printed history» and created as online electronic media only, 3) targeted at a wide audience, presented by both professionals and readers.

Based on the analysis of the elements of self-identification and auto-promotion, the content of the media resources directly, different reviews in specialized mass media, as well as taking into account broad understanding of the concept «book» as a semantic equivalent of the concept «book culture», the reasons have been presented to identify these media as «book ones».

The problem of identification of the internet discourse on literary and book artifacts as a kind of cultural journalism has been considered, the reasons that slow down its full development have been identified, the necessity of its further study has been emphasized.
Key words: іnternet media, book journalism, cultural journalism, criticism.
РЕФОРМA МІСЦЕВОГО СAМОВРЯДУВAННЯ Й ДЕЦЕНТРAЛІЗAЦІЯ ВЛAДИ В РЕГІОНAЛЬНОМУ МЕДІAДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Reshetukha T. , Borsuk N.
Published: March 2020

In Ukraine, the fifth year of local self-government reform and decentralization of power is ending. Operational and professional coverage of information about the tasks, ways of realization and results of reform activity, achievements of the community is imposed first of all on the media. A special role is assigned to regional media, which is more trusted by citizens and is more objective in reporting on quality change at the local level.

The aim of the research is to coverage the link between the stages of local self-government reform and decentralization of power, and the number of publications in regional media.

The chronological framework of the research (January, 2017 – December, 2017 and September, 2018 – August, 2019) corresponds to the most active stages of reform implementation. In total, 793 publications were analyzed in the four most popular on-line publications of the four regions, that is oblast (Vinnytsia oblast – «Vinnytsia. info», Mykolaiv oblast – «NikVesti», Ternopil oblast – «20 Khvylyn», Kharkiv oblast – «Spravzhnia Varta»).

The research showed that the number of publications on local self-government reform in the analyzed media in 2018–2019 is mostly higher than in 2017, since the implementation of local self-government reform and decentralization of power gained momentum: «Vinnytsia. info» in 2017 – 90, in 2018–2019 – 143, increased by a factor of 1.6; «NikVesti» in 2017 – 31, in 2018–2019 – 76, increased by a factor of 2.5; «20 Khvylyn» in 2017 – 67, in 2018–2019 – 124, increased by a factor of 1.9; «Spravzhnia Varta» in 2017 – 146, in 2018–2019 – 121, increased by a factor of 0.83.

The number of materials is increasing not linearly, but at certain time intervals, which is related to the implementation of the reform in the specific geographic area and the stages of the reform (October-December, 2017; October-December, 2018; March and August,2019).

The geographical location of the region (oblast) did not affect the average number of publications (the exception is Mykolaiv oblast publication – «NikVesti»).

Key words: regional media, media discourse, local self-government reform, decentralization of power, on-line publication.
Size/Layout Optimization of Truss Structures Using Shuffled Shepherd Optimization Method
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Zaerreza Ataollah
Published: March 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the ability of the recently developed multi-community meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, shuffled shepherd optimization algorithm (SSOA), in layout optimization of truss structures. The SSOA is inspired by mimicking the behavior of shepherd in nature. In this algorithm, agents are first divided into communities which are called herd and then optimization process, inspired by the shepherd’s behavior in nature, is operated on each community. The new position of agents is obtained using elitism technique. Then communities are merged for sharing the information. The results of SSOA in layout optimization show that SSOA is competitive with other considered meta-heuristic algorithms.
Success of Economic Sanctions Threats: Coercion, Information and Commitment
Authors: Walentek Dawid , Broere Joris , Cinelli Matteo , Dekker Mark , Haslbeck Jonas
Published: March 2020

This study examines when and why threats of economic sanctions lead to successful extraction of policy concessions. Scholars identified three hypotheses that explain success of sanction threats: the coercive, the informational and the public commitment hypothesis. The underpinning mechanisms for the hypotheses are, respectively, the economic cost of sanctions, uncertainty about the resolve of the sender and domestic audience cost for issuing empty threats. In this study, we offer an empirical test of the three hypotheses on threats effectiveness. In addition, we assess how variation in the three mechanisms affects effectiveness of threats relative to imposed sanctions. Our results show that effectiveness of threats strongly increases in economic cost to the target; however, threats become increasingly effective relative to imposed sanctions for lower uncertainty and higher domestic audience cost.
Short-Term Root-Zone Temperature Treatment Enhanced the Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites of Hydroponic Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Grown in a Plant Factory
Authors: Nguyen Duyen T. P. , Lu Na , Kagawa Natsuko , Kitayama Mizuki , Takagaki Michiko
Published: March 2020

The demand for high-nutrient and fresh vegetables, including coriander, has been growing rapidly. A plant factory with artificial lighting enables the application or suppression of stress conditions to plants for producing high-quality vegetables. This study aimed to determine a suitable root-zone temperature (RZT) treatment for enhancing the biomass and secondary metabolite content of hydroponic coriander plants. The combination of a mid-RZT (25 °C) pre-treatment with low (15 °C or 20 °C) or high (30 °C or 35 °C) RZT for a short period (3 or 6 days) was applied to the plants before harvesting. The fresh weights of the coriander plants were reduced under RZT stress. By contrast, the content of secondary metabolites, including ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid, and the antioxidant capacity of the plants were enhanced by the combination of the lowest or highest RZT (15 °C or 35 °C) and the longer stress period (6 days). Growing coriander under an RZT of 30 °C for 6 days can produce large amounts of bioactive compounds and water, whereas growing coriander at an RZT of 15 °C for 6 days can produce high dry biomass and secondary metabolite content.
Evaluation of Stress Response under a Standard Euthanasia Protocol in Horses Using Analysis of Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Gehlen Heidrun , Loschelder Johanna , Merle Roswitha , Walther Maike
Published: March 2020

The effects of a standard protocol for euthanasia on heart rate variability (HRV) as a consequence of stress response were analyzed in this prospective clinical study. The HRV was determined in 40 horses undergoing euthanasia due to various reasons, at different locations, and with/without owner presence. For euthanasia, horses were sedated with xylazine or a combination of xylazine and butorphanol. General anesthesia was induced using diazepam and ketamine. Afterwards, horses were euthanized with pentobarbital. The ECG data were taken by a Telemetric ECG at three time points (sedation, anesthesia, anesthesia until death). The HRV was analyzed including the low (LF) and high frequency (HF) components of HRV and the sympathovagal balance (LF/HF ratio). Significant differences in the LF, HF and LF/HF ratio were found between the three time points of euthanasia (p < 0.001). The HRV analysis showed dominating sympathetic activity in the preparation phase of euthanasia and during the injection of pentobarbital. The location of euthanasia, presence of owner and type of primary diseases had no influence on stress parameters. Horses showing excitations or groaning during euthanasia did not differ in HRV. Horse with colic were however more likely to show reoccurrence of breathing during euthanasia. In conclusion, HRV is a sensitive, noninvasive parameter to obtain sympathovagal stimulations during euthanasia and adapted protocols for euthanasia in horse with colic should be studied.
Genome-Wide Analyses Identifies Known and New Markers Responsible of Chicken Plumage Color
Authors: Mastrangelo Salvatore , Cendron Filippo , Sottile Gianluca , Niero Giovanni , Portolano Baldassare , Biscarini Filippo , Cassandro Martino
Published: March 2020

Through the development of the high-throughput genotyping arrays, molecular markers and genes related to phenotypic traits have been identified in livestock species. In poultry, plumage color is an important qualitative trait that can be used as phenotypic marker for breed identification. In order to assess sources of genetic variation related to the Polverara chicken breed plumage colour (black vs. white), we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a genome-wide fixation index (FST) scan to uncover the genomic regions involved. A total of 37 animals (17 white and 20 black) were genotyped with the Affymetrix 600 K Chicken single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Array. The combination of results from GWAS and FST revealed a total of 40 significant markers distributed on GGA 01, 03, 08, 12 and 21, and located within or near known genes. In addition to the well-known TYR, other candidate genes have been identified in this study, such as GRM5, RAB38 and NOTCH2. All these genes could explain the difference between the two Polverara breeds. Therefore, this study provides the basis for further investigation of the genetic mechanisms involved in plumage color in chicken.
Hepatic Inflammatory Response to Exogenous LPS Challenge is Exacerbated in Broilers with Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Mei Wenqing , Hao Yarong , Xie Huilin , Ni Yingdong , Zhao Ruqian
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to examine hepatic function and inflammatory response in broilers with fatty livers, following acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. One-day-old Lihua yellow broilers were fed a basal diet. Broilers were divided into four groups: control (CON), corticosterone treatment (CORT), LPS treatment (LPS), and LPS and CORT treatment (LPS&CORT). Results show that CORT induced an increase in plasma and liver triglycerides (TGs), which were accompanied by severe hepatic steatosis. The LPS group showed hepatocyte necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration. Total liver damage score in the LPS&CORT group was significantly higher than that in the LPS group (p < 0.05). Activity levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were similar in the CON and CORT groups, but higher in the LPS group. Gene expression upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and iNOS) was also noted in the LPS group (p < 0.05). In particular, LPS injection exacerbated the gene expression of these proinflammatory cytokines, even when accompanied by CORT injections (p < 0.05). In summary, our results indicate that broilers suffering from fatty liver disease are more susceptible to the negative effects of LPS, showing inflammatory response activation and more severe damages to the liver.
Jumping Flying Distance and Jump Performance of Elite Male Volleyball Players at FIVB Volleyball Men’s World Championship
Authors: Pawlik Damian , Kawczyński Adam , Chmura Jan , Maćkała Krzysztof , Kutrzyński Marcin , Mroczek Dariusz
Published: March 2020

We investigated different specific jumping performances of high-level male volleyball players. The aim of this study was to assess covered jumping distance, jump height, and number of jumps performed at certain positions by volleyball players competing at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men’s World Championship in Poland. A total of 140 male volleyball players from national teams participated in the study. The analysis was performed for jumping flying distance (JFD), jump serve height (SJH), attack jump height (AJH), block jump height (BJH), and quantity of jumps (JC). The analysis of JFD of attack jumps showed that the middles covered a shorter distance than the other players. When analyzing the block jump lengths, distance during jump performance covered by the receivers (R1) was shorter than that of the opposites. Analysis of SJH by volleyball players at various positions showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) among the middles (M1, M2), receivers (R1, R2), and opposites (O). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in BJH were found between the middles and the rest of the players. The results of the experiment show a high degree of reliability for jump height during serve and attack, jumping flying distance covered during an attack, and number of block jumps. The strongest relationship was seen between jump components, which predominantly depend only on a volleyball player performing a specific action (e.g., jump serve or attack jump).