bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Опыт работы священников и патронажной службы сестричества милосердия в ВИЧ-отделении ИКБ
Authors: Номеровский Виктор Олегович
Published: January 2025

Цель статьи — оценить знания, отношение и практику патронажных медсестёр и священ­ников, работающих с пациентами с ВИЧ/СПИДом. Для исследования был выбран описа­тельный метод. Данные были собраны с использованием опроса и тестирования тридцати медсестёр и пятерых священников, работающих с пациентами с ВИЧ/СПИДом в ВИЧ-отде­лении Клинической инфекционной больницы (ИКБ) города Луги Ленинградской области. В ходе исследования были даны ответы на вопросы: каковы знания, установки и практика медсестёр и священников, работающих с пациентами с ВИЧ/СПИДом? Умеют ли они за­щитить себя от возможного инфицирования? Как оценивают заботу со стороны медсестёр пациенты? Как оценивают общение со стороны священников пациенты? По результа­там статьи были даны рекомендации медицинскому персоналу и священнослужителям.

The knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients are becoming increasingly relevant today. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become one of the most serious problems for public health due to its high morbidity, mortality and eco­nomic consequences. Knowledge and positive attitude are important aspects of providing nurs­ing care to patients with HIV/AIDS. This article aims to assess the role, attitudes and practices of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients. This study was descriptive in nature and was con­ducted on 30 nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients in the HIV department of the Clinical In­fectious Diseases Hospital (ICB). The data was collected using the survey method. The results of the study showed that nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients have a high level of empathy for people living with HIV/AIDS, but at the same time there was a high level of avoidance. In addi­tion, the studied priests working with HIV patients showed a lack of proper use of communica­tion skills while observing security measures with HIV/AIDS patients. The nurses, on the other hand, demonstrated not only satisfactory practice both in the field of communication skills and in the field of security measures. Based on the results of the article, recommendations are given.
Early Literacy Assistance Regarding Fraud and its Resolution during the Covid Pandemic at Sagan Muhammadiyah Elementary School
Authors: Fitriyanti Fadia , Setyorini Kusumaningdyah Retno
Published: January 2025

During the Covid pandemic, SD Muhammadiyah Sagan held an online school. There are several obstacles in learning activities faced by SD Muhammadiyah Sagan during this Covid pandemic. PJJ is known as distance learning (online) has various advantages in addition to disadvantages, including being prone to fraud or irregularities in the form of learning for 6th grade elementary school children, being required to study independently during the PJJ period, this does not cover the possibility of the occurrence of such fraud. including cheating during exams or during closed quizzes/questions, for example, students very easily commit dishonest acts, because online learning, especially using online applications, is not supervised by the teacher directly and is still vulnerable to fraudulent actions. The solution offered for this problem is the need to socialize fraud and its resolution and practice simulations through games, material presentations and pre-post test questions that will be given to 5th grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Sagan. The method offered in this community service program is to organize socialization and games. From the results of monitoring and evaluation of pre and post tests conducted before and after service activities, there is an increase in the assessment that students understand very well about fraud and settlement as many as 7 out of 18 became 25 and less score decreased by one from 3 to 2 after the post test. So that the overall understanding of the fifth grade elementary school students at Muhammadiyah Sagan Elementary School of fraud and its resolution has increased.
Increasing the Productivity and Independence of Ex-People with Mental Disorders (ODGJ) Through Life Skills Based Empowerment
Authors: Cahaya Noor , Wathan Nashrul , Kaidah Siti
Published: January 2025

People with mental disorders experience disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that cause them to experience decreased productivity and personal autonomy. The program was aimed at increasing the productivity and personal autonomy of ex-ODGJ through life skills-based training in the form of making handicrafts. The target of the program were ex-ODGJs who were undergoing the rehabilitation process at the Rumah Singgah "Baiman" in Banjarmasin. The program was conducted in three stages, survey, implementation, and evaluation. Implementation was conducted in the form of training, which was carried out in 2 meetings. The total number of participants was 20, and they were divided into 4 groups. At the first meeting, we were given an introduction to how to operate a sewing machine and the practice of sewing independently. In the second meeting, participants were asked to independently produce hampers. The conclusion of this program was in the form of a positive impact on ex-ODGJ, which was assessed based on the independence parameter of 75% of participants being able to independently produce handicraft products according to the stages that have been taught; a 100% attendance rate, which describes the participants' motivation to participate in the activity; and based on the results of a qualitative assessment through interviews, information was obtained that participants felt happy and benefited from the program.
Education On "Zero Waste" Waste Management Based On The 3 R Approach In Jakarta Coastal Area
Authors: Wijaya Meiliyana , Dewi Rita Dewi , Joprang Freggy Spicano Joprang , Siladjaja Gabrielle Kyra Allegra , Hananta Linawati Hananta
Published: January 2025

Efforts to manage waste properly require active participation from the community in maintaining the preservation and sustainability of the earth. Over the past decade, various countries, including Indonesia, have adapted their waste management system to the zero-waste principle. This system applies the 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) in handling waste. Household waste generated by the people of the coastal area of Jakarta, especially the Kalibaru Village, Cilincing, has created a pile of garbage that has polluted the area. Community service programs in the form of education on waste management activities with this principle need to be carried out to increase public awareness of sustainably protecting the environment. The implementation of counseling activities is carried out by presenting "Zero waste" material with a "3R" approach with the lecture method, followed by a question-and-answer session, a quiz competition, and a competition to make multi-purpose stationery containers from cardboard and paper. Educational activities and craft-making contests are expected to increase the knowledge, understanding, and creativity of the Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) regarding waste management and to become ambassadors for change for others in their area.
Increasing Knowledge and Behavior in Selecting Healthy Food and Drinks among School Children Through the Thematic Gamification Program "Monopoly on Healthy Snacks"
Authors: Ni Luh Putu Dian Yunita Sari  , Triana Komang Yogi , Prastikanala I Kadek
Published: January 2025

A phenomenon in the growth aspect of the child age group is obesity. Obesity is influenced by behavior in choosing food and drinks consumed daily. The preventive efforts that have been carried out so far have focused on lecture methods and media distribution. However, an educational approach in the form of games has not been implemented. The aim of this program is to implement a monopoly game with the theme "Healthy Snacks Monopoly" to increase knowledge and behavior in choosing healthy foods and drinks. This game is played in groups, for 30 minutes, and students can buy the food and drinks provided. Monitoring is also carried out for one month through the homeroom teacher. The results obtained were that students showed an increase in aspects of knowledge and behavior in choosing healthy food and drinks. This game can be applied to teachers, parents and health workers who are responsible for the health of school children to improve healthy lifestyles, especially in choosing food and drinks.
Socialization of Village Website Management in Pardinggaran Village
Authors: Simbolon Iustisia , Arie Satia Dharma  , Herimanto Herimanto , Tahan HJ Sihombing  , Nenni Mona Aruan  , Archico Darius Simpar Sembiring  , Enrico Hezkiel Sirait  , Wilona Diva Artha Simbolon  , Emely Angelica Lestari
Published: January 2025

Socialization of village website management in Pardinggaran Village is an activity that helps the government increase awareness among village officials that village websites are a medium for promoting village tourism potential and superior village products. This activity is based on the results of observations on the village website owned by Pardinggaran Village which is still not optimal in managing information related to the village. There is still very little information regarding Pardinggaran Village from the website. Lack of exposure to village activities can be one of the reasons for the lack of tourism development in the village. This is because Pardinggaran Village is a village located in Toba Regency which is a tourist destination area. So, based on these problems, this activity aims to provide innovative solutions in the form of socialization in managing village websites. Through this activity, it is hoped that it can help Pardinggaran Village in managing the village website optimally so that the village website can be used as a medium for information and promotion.
Telepharmacy Education As A Step To Strengthen The National Health System In Pandeglang Regency
Authors: Yusransyah Yusransyah , Stiani Sofi Nurmay , Ismiyati Renditya , Udin Baha , Pratiwi Linda Rani , Maharani Sylvianti , US Sumarlin , Ernawati Eneng Elda
Published: January 2025

A health sector that uses information and communication technology (ICT) can offer a new perspective on health service delivery and help overcome the problem of insufficient availability of health workers. The form of implementation can be telepharmacy services, but only a few people understand telepharmacy. This service aims to provide telepharmacy education to the people of Pandeglang Regency as a first step to strengthening the National Health System. Health education is delivered through visualization using the community relations method. As part of the Community Service program, this activity aims to provide telepharmacy education to the people of Pandeglang Regency, which is part of improving the National Health System.
Strengthening School-Family Partnerships Through Seminars on the Detection of Children's Characteristics, Potential and Talents
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Komariah Aan , Kurniady Dedy Achmad , Suryana Asep , Amin Arip
Published: January 2025

The activity is a seminar for the detection of the characteristics, potential, and talents of children that is part of the strengthening of the school-family partnership. This is a part of an effort to raise awareness among parents of the importance of understanding the child especially in the characteristic, potential and talent that can be a reference in decision-making of the educational processes carried out both in the family and in the school. The implementation of this training is going well even though some audiences need to follow up in understanding and applying the concepts presented by the examiner. As a result of this activity, the seminar participants consisting of the parents of elementary school students in Randegan Wetan Village and some representatives of local primary school teachers were able to emulate the basic theory of detection of characteristics, potential, and children's talents
Assistance in Preparing Gender Responsive Village Budgets Towards Good Village Governance
Authors: Ummul Fithriyyah Mustiqowati , Zulhaida Zulhaida
Published: January 2025

This research-based community service aims to provide assistance to village officials in the preparation of gender-responsive village budgets.  This assistance is intended to provide understanding to the village community and especially to village government officials so that village funds can be used to develop gender-responsive village development programs. Gender responsive village budgets are a pillar in disseminating ideas that lead to improved village governance. This community service uses an Asset-based community development (ABCD) approach that emphasizes the assets and potential owned by Wonosari village, Rangsang district, MeraSSnti Islands regency. One of the things that is seen as an asset is the involvement of women in strategic positions as village government officials who handle village finances. In addition, the head of her village has had a gender justice perspective. The result of this community service is the achievement of changes in the understanding of village officials who already have a good understanding of gender response budgets
Sosialisasi Literasi Politik Bagi Siswa SMKN 1 Pangandaran Menjelang Pemilihan Kepala Daerah 2024
Authors: Fahrudin Atef , Lisnarini Naurah
Published: January 2025

The "Compact: Communication Impact" political literacy program was held to enhance the political awareness of 12th-grade students at SMKN 1 Pangandaran ahead of the 2024 Regional Election. Political literacy is crucial to fostering quality democratic participation, especially among youth. The program included Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), debates, expert sessions, and pre- and post-tests to measure outcomes. A total of 34 students participated, aiming to improve their ability to detect hoaxes, analyze political issues, and understand their role as first-time voters. Evaluation results showed a 6.05% increase in post-test scores, indicating improved political literacy. Students also shifted from apathetic to more critical and active political attitudes. This program successfully provided relevant political knowledge and practical skills, becoming a model for future youth political literacy initiatives.
Critical Appraisal of Exposure Studies on E-Cigarette Aerosols Generated by High-Powered Devices
Authors: Soulet Sébastien , Sussman Roberto
Published: January 2025

The InExpose system manufactured by SCIREQ® is valuable equipment for conducting preclinical studies in the laboratory. It generates e-cigarette (EC) aerosol by puffing the box mod of a high-powered third-generation device (JoyeTech® EVIC Mini), with its atomizer replaced by a custom-made 70 mL tank. We examined the experimental quality of aerosol generation procedures in 40 studies selected from an extensive literature search focused on the usage of the EVIC Mini with a 0.15 Ω coil. Only 14 out of the 40 studies provided sufficient information on their aerosol generation methodology. We identified and reviewed individually 5 studies from the 14 mentioned above that also conducted a chemical analysis of the aerosol. According to our experimental results, there is full certainty that all 14 studies exposed biological systems to aerosols generated under overheating and unrealistic conditions with high aldehyde loads that follow from machine puffing a high-powered device with inappropriate airflow. Given the similarity in design and scope of all studies and the needed training to use the InExpose, we argue that this evaluation very likely applies to the remaining 26 studies that used this equipment without providing sufficient information on aerosol generation procedures. Since preclinical studies are valuable for assessing effects on in vitro and in vivo systems exposed to EC aerosols, it is important to provide full information on aerosol generation parameters and to prevent exposing these biological systems to overheated and toxin-loaded aerosols. Finally, we provide a series of guidelines on aerosol generation procedures that we believe will be useful for the operation of the InExpose and for preclinical studies in general.
Kinase Suppressor of Ras 2 Promotes Self-Renewal and Clonogenicity of Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Huisman Dianna H. , Chatterjee Deepan , Ireland Abbie S. , Skupa Sydney , Girard Luc , Fisher Kurt W. , Kareta Michael S. , Minna John D. , Oliver Trudy G. , Lewis Robert E.
Published: January 2025

Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) tumors are heterogeneous, with a subpopulation of cells primed for tumor initiation. Here, we show that Kinase Suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) promotes the self-renewal and clonogenicity of SCLC cells. KSR2 is a molecular scaffold that promotes Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. KSR2 is preferentially expressed in the ASCL1 subtype of SCLC (SCLC-A) tumors and is expressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, one of the identified cells of origin for SCLC-A tumors. The expression of KSR2 in SCLC and pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) was previously unrecognized and serves as a novel model for understanding the role of KSR2-dependent signaling in normal and malignant tissues. Disruption of KSR2 in SCLC-A cell lines inhibits the colony forming ability of tumor propagating cells (TPCs) _in vitro_ and their tumor initiating capacity _in vivo._ The effect of KSR2 depletion on self-renewal and clonogenicity is dependent on the interaction of KSR2 with ERK. These data indicate that the expression of KSR2 is an essential driver of SCLC-A tumor propagating cell function, and therefore may play a role in SCLC tumor initiation. These findings shed light on a novel effector promoting initiation of ASCL1-subtype SCLC tumors, and a potential subtype-specific therapeutic target.
CASESUMM: A Large-Scale Dataset for Long-Context Summarization from U.S. Supreme Court Opinions
Authors: Heddaya Mourad , MacMillan Kyle , Malani Anup , Mei Hongyuan , Tan Chenhao
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces CASESUMM, a novel dataset for long-context summarization in the legal domain that addresses the need for longer and more complex datasets for summarization evaluation. We collect 25.6K U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) opinions and their official summaries, known as "syllabuses." Our dataset is the largest open legal case summarization dataset, and is the first to include summaries of SCOTUS decisions dating back to 1815.

We also present a comprehensive evaluation of LLM-generated summaries using both automatic metrics and expert human evaluation, revealing discrepancies between these assessment methods. Our evaluation shows Mistral 7b, a smaller open-source model, outperforms larger models on most automatic metrics and successfully generates syllabus-like summaries. In contrast, human expert annotators indicate that Mistral summaries contain hallucinations. The annotators consistently rank GPT-4 summaries as clearer and exhibiting greater sensitivity and specificity. Further, we find that LLM-based evaluations are not more correlated with human evaluations than traditional automatic metrics. Furthermore, our analysis identifies specific hallucinations in generated summaries, including precedent citation errors and misrepresentations of case facts. These findings demonstrate the limitations of current automatic evaluation methods for legal summarization and highlight the critical role of human evaluation in assessing summary quality, particularly in complex, high-stakes domains.

CASESUMM is available on HuggingFace [https://huggingface.co/datasets/ChicagoHAI/CaseSumm].1
Parameterized Deceleration in f(Q, C) Gravity: A Logarithmic Approach
Authors: Bhoyar S. R. , Ingole Yash
Published: January 2025

This study explores a novel logarithmic parameterization of the deceleration parameter within the \(f(Q, C)\) gravity framework, incorporating a nonlinear functional form \(f(Q, C) = \gamma_1 Q^n + \gamma_2 C\), where \(Q\) and \(C\) denote the nonmetricity scalar and boundary term, respectively, and \(n \geq 1\). This approach provides a distinctive perspective on the universe’s accelerated expansion without resorting to exotic fields. Using observational data from Hubble measurements (\(OHD\)) and the \(Pantheon + SH0ES\) Type Ia supernovae dataset, the model parameters were constrained through a \(\chi^2\) minimization technique. The analysis reveals a transition from deceleration to acceleration in the universe’s expansion history, with the transition redshifts \(z_t \approx 0.98\) (\(OHD\)) and \(z_t \approx 0.76\) (\(Pantheon + SH0ES\)). The model demonstrates consistency with observations, offering insights into the dynamics of dark energy and alternative gravity theories, while effectively modeling cosmic evolution across epochs.
NewsHomepages: Homepage Layouts Capture Information Prioritization Decisions
Authors: Welsh Ben , Zhou Naitian , Spangher Alexander
Published: January 2025

Information prioritization plays an important role in how humans perceive and understand the world. Homepage layouts serve as a tangible proxy for this prioritization. In this work, we present NewsHomepages, a large dataset of over 3,000 new website homepages (including local, national and topic-specific outlets) captured twice daily over a three-year period. We develop models to perform pairwise comparisons between news items to infer their relative significance. To illustrate that modeling organizational hierarchies has broader implications, we applied our models to rank-order a collection of local city council policies passed over a ten-year period in San Francisco, assessing their “newsworthiness”. Our findings lay the groundwork for leveraging implicit organizational cues to deepen our understanding of information prioritization.
МИТНІ РИЗИКИ У ТРАНСФЕРТНОМУ ЦІНОУТВОРЕННІ
Authors: Тищенко Вікторія , Найденко Олексій , Ачкасова Світалана
Published: January 2025

Діяльність суб’єктів господарювання пов’язана із багатьма ризиками, одними із яких є митні ризики, спричинені існуючими правилами трансфертного ціноутворення. В процесі дослідження доведено, що трансфертне ціноутворення є важливим елементом контролю за операціями з нерезидентами. Встановлено, що існує різний підхід в нормативно-правових актах до визначення переліку країн, які відносяться до офшорних зон та мають бути об’єктом контролю в процесі трансфертного ціноутворення. Окреслено проблему попереднього узгодження цін у контрольованій операції залежно від видів суб’єктів господарювання. Доведена хибність законодавчої норми щодо перевірок контрольованих операцій. Окреслено проблему значної фінансової відповідальності суб’єктів зовнішньоекономічної діяльності за порушення в сфері трансфертного ціноутворення. Узагальнено митні ризики, виникнення яких спричинено існуючими правилами трансфертного ціноутворення. Запропоновано напрями зменшення впливу правил трансфертного ціноутворення на суб’єктів зовнішньоекономічної діяльності в процесі здійснення митних процедур.
Rancang Bangun (SHANTI) Smart Hotspot Fakultas Teknologi Informasi dan Sains Universitas Hindu Indonesia Menggunakan Mikrotik dan Mikhmon
Authors: Mertha I Made Buana , Dewi Ida Ayu Utari , Wardana I Putu Mahendra Adi
Published: January 2025

Internet connectivity has become an essential need in various contexts, including the campus
environment. The Faculty of Information Technology and Science at Hindu University of Indonesia plays a central role as an educational institution that focuses on information technology, making the use of information technology and the internet increasingly crucial in supporting the learning process and administrative activities. The research carried out by researchers to overcome these challenges requires efforts to optimize the use of the MikroTik hotspot network so that it becomes more effective and efficient in the academic environment. Therefore, researchers will design (shanti) smart hotspots, Faculty of Information Technology and Science, Indonesian Hindu University using MikroTik and Mikhmon, by implementing stricter control measures that can be implemented to avoid misuse of internet access, while increasing overall network security in the area faculty environment
Participación social y derechos políticos de las mujeres indígenas en el marco de las Guerras del Agua y del Gas en Bolivia (2000-2003)
Authors: Fabian Martinez Elkin
Published: January 2025

El siglo xx se erige como un período crucial en la historia de América Latina, particularmente en Bolivia, donde diversos cambios y procesos sociales alteraron profundamente la concepción de la política, la democracia y el poder. Este artículo se centra en la participación de las mujeres indígenas y campesinas en los movimientos sociales en Bolivia, con un enfoque particular en las Guerras del Agua y del Gas en 2000 y 2003. El objetivo es visibilizar la contribución de estas mujeres a las luchas sociales y políticas, a menudo ignorada en la historia oficial. La problemática radica en la persistente invisibilización de las mujeres en estos movimientos, a pesar de su participación activa y crucial. Además, se aborda la persistencia de las desigualdades de género y la dominación patriarcal en Bolivia, que limitan la participación política de las mujeres y perpetúan la discriminación y violencia de género. Esta reflexión se basa en teorías feministas y de género para analizar la participación de las mujeres en los movimientos sociales y las formas de dominación patriarcal en el caso boliviano. También se utilizan teorías de los movimientos sociales para entender el surgimiento y desarrollo de estos movimientos en respuesta a las políticas neoliberales y la privatización de los recursos naturales. La metodología utilizada incluye el análisis de documentos históricos, registros de protestas y movilizaciones, y estudios teóricos previos sobre los movimientos sociales en Bolivia; es decir, es de carácter documental. Las conclusiones destacan la importancia de reconocer y valorar la participación de las mujeres en los movimientos sociales en Bolivia. A pesar de la discriminación y la violencia de género, las mujeres han sido activas en las luchas por sus derechos y contra la opresión. Así, se subraya la necesidad de desafiar las estructuras patriarcales y garantizar su plena participación y emancipación.
Discursos legislativos a favor de la Ley Micaela: la mirada mainstream en un territorio de frontera cultural
Authors: Zurita Inés
Published: January 2025

Este artículo tiene por objetivo abordar las representaciones construidas en los debates legislativos que se pronunciaron a favor de la adhesión de la provincia de Salta (Argentina) a la Ley Micaela (Ley de capacitación obligatoria en temática de género para los tres poderes del Estado) en el año 2019. Para ello se desarrolla un análisis discursivo de base sociosemiótica, con perspectiva de género, sobre un corpus compuesto por fuentes de información documental proveniente de las versiones taquigráficas de las sesiones legislativas. Los hallazgos permiten identificar los marcos interpretativos que circularon respecto a la problemática de la violencia de género en la provincia de Salta y el rol del Estado frente a su abordaje, lo cual gira en torno a la dicotomía ausencia-inacción/presencia-acción. En este sentido, por un lado, el Estado se presenta como parte del problema –en tanto que las políticas hasta entonces implementadas no funcionan de manera efectiva o no son suficientes, mientras que sus agentes reproducen la violencia por falta de perspectiva de género– y por otro lado, aparece como parte fundamental para la erradicación a partir de las capacitaciones que la propia normativa propone. De modo que, las representaciones sobre la Ley Micaela que se construyen en los discursos legislativos, responden a la mirada del feminismo hegemónico o mainstream de los activismos blancos y urbanos, que destacan el ámbito estatal como espacio privilegiado para sus demandas, y desde donde la mirada interseccional de la problemática por razón de género, raza y clase social, mantiene cierta opacidad o invisibilidad pese a tratarse de la provincia con el mayor número de poblaciones indígenas del país.
Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sembukan (Paederia Foetida L.) dalam Mengatasi Masalah Kulit
Authors: Safriana Safriana , Fitriani Enny , Andilala Andilala , Hasanah Mardhiati
Published: January 2025

Daun Sembukan (Paederia foetida l.) adalah tanaman liar yang banyak tumbuh didaerah pohon kelapa sawit atau di semak belukar.  Daun Sembukan (Paederia foetida l.) umumnya dipergunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai tanaman obat yang di antaranya berkhasiat sebagai antibiotik, anti fungi, dan anti radang pada kulit. Dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, daun Sembukan yang semulanya dimanfaatkan hanya dalam bentuk aslinya, kini dapat dijadikan krim. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan pemanfaatan krim ekstrak etanol daun Sembukan (Paederia foetida l.) dalam mengatasi masalah kulit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah sosialisasi dalam bentuk ceramah interaktif disertai dengan peragaan dan umpan balik dari masyarakat. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa : (1) Pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai manfaat daun Sembukan bertambah; (2) Bentuk krim dengan konsentrasi 5% ekstrak etanol daun Sembukan (EEDS) disukai oleh masyarakat karena mudah pada saat pengaplikasiannya dan krim dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 15%  EEDS kurang disukai masyarakat. Warna krim untuk konsentrasi 5% EEDS disukai oleh masyarakat dan krim dengan konsentrasi 10% dan 15% EEDS kurang disukai masyarakat karena memiliki warna yang kurang menarik. Aroma krim dengan konsentrasi 5% EEDS disukai oleh masyarakat. Aroma krim dengan konsentrasi 10% EEDS kurang disukai oleh masyarakat dan krim dengan konsentrasi 15% EEDS banyak tidak disukai oleh masyarakat karena memiliki aroma lebih tajam dari daun Sembukan.
Edukasi Bahaya Anemia pada Remaja di Madrasah Aliyah Al Ma’shum Sebagai Langkah Preventif Kesehatan Remaja
Authors: Pane Herviza Wulandary , Joharmi Joharmi
Published: January 2025

Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang sering dialami oleh remaja Indonesia, terutama remaja perempuan. Kondisi ini dapat berdampak pada kualitas hidup dan prestasi belajar. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa mengenai bahaya anemia dan pentingnya nutrisi yang baik untuk mencegahnya. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa pemberian pendidikan kesehatan berbasis media pengetahuan efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai anemia dan pencegahannya. Kegiatan dilakukan di SMA Al Ma’Shum dengan melibatkan 50 siswa sebagai peserta. Metode yang digunakan mencakup pretest dan posttest untuk mengukur perubahan pengetahuan siswa, serta pemberian pendidikan kesehatan mengenai anemia dan nutrisi pencegahannya. Media edukasi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berupa leaflet, presentasi PowerPoint, dan video. Penilaian pengetahuan dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan materi yang disampaikan. Dari 50 peserta menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa. Sebanyak 90% (45 peserta) memahami tentang anemia, termasuk penyebab, gejala, dan dampaknya, sedangkan 84% (42 siswa) menunjukkan pemahaman mengenai nutrisi yang baik untuk mencegah anemia. Hasil ini menunjukkan efektivitas pendekatan edukasi berbasis media dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan pemahaman siswa. Untuk keberlanjutan, diperlukan upaya koordinasi dengan pihak sekolah dan Puskesmas setempat, termasuk monitoring dan tindak lanjut kegiatan secara rutin. Disarankan pula pembentukan kelompok sebaya atau pojok informasi kesehatan di sekolah untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pencegahan anemia pada remaja secara berkelanjutan. Hal ini penting guna mendukung kesehatan remaja yang optimal dan mencegah dampak jangka panjang dari anemia.
Pemberian Edukasi Mengenai Penggunaan KB Sebagai Upaya Mengatur Jarak Kehamilan yang Sehat pada Pasangan Usia Subur
Authors: Wardati Jumadiah , Marbun Meyana , Friani Sri Rahma , Herawati Noni , Handayani Putri , Yolnada Yolanda
Published: January 2025

Ledakan penduduk dapat terus meningkat akibat penambahan angka kehamilan. Bahkan beberapa keluarga mengalami kesulitan dalam mengontrol kelahiran. Keluarga berencana merupakan suatu cara yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk mencapai jumlah anak yang diinginkan dan menentukan jarak kehamilan, dimana hal ini dapat dicapai melalui penggunaan metode kontrasepsi. Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) adalah pasangan yang berada dalam rentang usia dimana wanita mampu untuk hamil dan melahirkan, umumnya antara 15 hingga 49 tahun. Sedangkan program keluarga berencana (KB) adalah suatu upaya untuk membantu pasangan dalam menentukan jumlah anak yang diinginkan dari jarak kelahiran. Pada umumnya PUS  harus mengikuti program KB karena sebagian besar aktivitasnya dilakukan di rumah. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah  untuk menghindari kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dan mengatur jarak kehamilan sehingga dapat mengurangi ledakan penduduk akibat penambahan angka kehamilan. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan para peserta mengenai cara penggunaan kontrasepsi yang baik dan benar. Selain itu, peserta diharapkan memiliki kemampuan untuk memilih metode kontrasepsi yang cocok dan sesuai dengan kondisi mereka. Pendekatan yang dilakukan yaitu metode partisipatif dengan melakukan pendekatan terhadap tokoh masyarakat untuk mendapat perizinan dan dukungan dalam memberikan edukasi kepada sasaran kegiatan yaitu Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS).  Kegiatan ini juga meliputi pemberian edukasi berupa penyuluhan yang menggunakan media seperti video edukasi dan poster. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan antusiasme yang tinggi terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan.
Interest Rates and Price Levels: Quantifying Policy Effectiveness
Authors: Takahashi Ali
Published: January 2025

This paper estimates the causal effect of interest rates on household expenditure. The effect is estimated by conducting a semi-parametric model utilizing the [Robinson (1988)] Double Residual Estimator and a linear regression model. We find that the effect of interest rates on household expenditure is negligible across all models, when compared to results from a previous time period in which nominal rates were higher. The results raise concerns regarding the effectiveness of the current monetary policy regime, and therefore we expect greater use of fiscal policy to be beneficial. The question of how the current monetary policy regime will evolve throughout the next decade remains an interesting enquiry.
Constitutioneel procesrecht
Authors:   , Vetzo Max John
Published: January 2025

At first glance, constitutional adjudication seems foreign to the Dutch legal system. There is no constitutional court, and Article 120 of the Dutch Constitution prohibits the review of the compatibility of Acts of Parliament with the Constitution. On closer inspection, however, constitutional adjudication (writ large) is becoming an increasingly dominant feature of the Dutch constitutional system. With constitutional adjudication gaining prominence, a related and new area of law is steadily emerging: ‘Constitutional Procedure’. This field encompasses a wide array of procedural doctrines regulating constitutional jurisdiction and guiding the courts in exercising it, such as justiciability, evidence, participation, remedies and the legal effects of judgments. This thesis introduces constitutional procedure as a novel area of scholarly study and legal practice in the Netherlands. It thereby focuses on two key themes in modern Dutch constitutional procedure. First, it explores the limits of the judicial role in constitutional cases. As the judicialization of politics advances, questions arise about the position of the judiciary vis-à-vis the political branches of government, as well as the limits of the judicial role. An important subset of doctrines concerns judicial restraint, i.e. largely self-imposed limits by the courts. The thesis critically engages with modern day instances of judicial restraint in the Dutch legal order, proposing new and principled foundations for restraint as well as novel applications of traditional doctrines of deference. Second, this thesis addresses the need for procedural rules that are tailored to the specificities of the constitutional role of the Dutch courts. As constitutional adjudication becomes more prominent, the question arises whether procedural law should be adjusted to or specifically designed for the constitutional functions of the Dutch courts. Therefore, a second line of research in this study concerns the possibilities for procedural change in constitutional cases. The thesis aims to develop key components for a procedural framework for constitutional litigation in the Netherlands. It explores how procedural norms can reflect the special nature of constitutional adjudication with a view to facilitating the proper exercise of constitutional jurisdiction.
Macronutrient balance determines the human gut microbiome eubiosis: insights from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation of eight pulse species
Authors: Lee Da Bin , Hwang In Seon
Published: January 2025

The interactions between macronutrients, the human gut microbiome, and their metabolites (short-chain fatty acids) were comprehensively investigated via an in vitro digestion and fermentation model subjected to eight pulse species. 16S rRNA sequencing and taxonomic analysis of pulse digesta fermented for up to 24 h revealed an increase in the relative abundance of gut health-detrimental genera represented by Escherichia-Shigella in kidney bean, soybean, cowpea, chickpea, and black bean samples. In contrast, the relative abundance of health-positive genera, including Bacteroides, Eubacterium, and Akkermansia, was elevated in red bean, mung bean, and Heunguseul. At the same time, the proportion of the pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella decreased. Concurrently, these three species exhibited an increase in microbial diversity as evidenced by the calculation of α-diversity (Shannon index) and β-diversity (Bray-Curtis distance). Despite the lower nutrient contents in the three pulses, represented by carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids, network analysis revealed that the nutrient contents in the pulse digesta possess complex positive or negative correlations with a variety of bacteria, as well as their metabolites. These correlations were more pronounced in red bean, mung bean, and Heunguseul than in the other pulses. It was postulated that the overall potential to nourish gut environments in these species was due to the balance of their nutritional components. The linear regression analysis demonstrated that there was a negative association between carbohydrate and amino acid contents and the increase in Shannon indices. Furthermore, the ratio of carbohydrates to fatty acids and amino acids to fatty acids displayed negative correlations with the diversity increase. The ratio of carbohydrates to amino acids showed a weak positive correlation. It is noteworthy that a diet comprising foods with a balanced nutritional profile supports the growth of beneficial gut microbes, thereby promoting microbial eubiosis. Consistent work on different ingredients is essential for precise insight into the interplay between food and the human microbiome in complex dietary patterns.
Effectiveness of school-based active breaks on classroom behavior, executive functions and physical fitness in children and adolescent: a systematic review
Authors: Reyes-Amigo Tomás , Salinas-Gallardo Gabriel , Mendoza Edgardo , Ovalle-Fernández Camilo , Ibarra-Mora Jessica , Gómez-Álvarez Nicolás , Carrasco-Beltrán Hernaldo , Páez-Herrera Jacqueline , Hurtado-Almonácid Juan , Yañez-Sepúlveda Rodrigo , Zapata-Lamana Rafael , Sepúlveda-Figueroa Felipe , Olivares-Arancibia Jorge , Mota Jorge
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The classroom environment is ideal for promoting physical activity interventions since children spend most of their day there but often engage in sedentary behavior. Given this context, an emerging trend to promote physical activity is active breaks at school. This systematic review evaluated the effects of school-based physical activity interventions involving active breaks on children and adolescents’ classroom behavior, executive functions, and physical fitness.

Methods

This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost. Studies published between January 2010 and August 31, 2023, including participants aged 5 to 18, were included. Interventions involving active breaks and outcomes related to classroom behavior, executive functions, and physical fitness were considered.

Results

Initially, 145 studies were identified, with 22 duplicates excluded. After screening 123 articles by title and abstract, 86 were excluded. Subsequently, 37 articles underwent full-text screening, resulting in 22 included studies. Six studies showed positive effects on classroom behavior; five studies showed improvements in executive functions, and only two studies indicated increases in physical fitness.

Discussion

This review suggests incorporating active breaks during school hours can improve classroom behavior in children and adolescents. However, the effects of active breaks on executive functions and physical fitness are unclear. More research is needed to fully understand the benefits of implementing active break programs in the classroom.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO, CRD42023448267, available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023448267.
Large Losses of Pyrogenic Carbon (Biochar) and Native Soil Carbon During a 15-Month Field Study in North Florida, USA
Authors: Lyu Jing , Zimmerman Andrew R.
Published: January 2025

Although the application of biochar to soils has been proposed as a method of carbon sequestration for climate mitigation while improving crop yields, losses of biochar carbon (BC) through mineralization may reduce these benefits. However, few field studies have been conducted that control for biochar migration so that the rates and processes of BC remineralization from soils, as well as the effects of biochar on native soil organic carbon, can be accurately determined. Here, biochar made from different biomass types (oak, pine wood, and grass) and temperatures (lightly charred at 250 °C and pyrolyzed at 400 and 650 °C) were added to fine sandy Entisol in an open agricultural field and Spodosol in a shaded forested site in North Central Florida. After 15 months, BC losses, determined by the Kurth–Mackenzie–Deluca chemical–thermal oxidation method, ranged from 17.5 to 93.3% y−1 (14.0–51.5% y−1 for the 650 °C biochar). These losses were correlated with but much greater than the 0.4–3% y−1 BC losses recorded in a one-year laboratory study using the same biochars and those of several previous field studies (1–14% y−1). The losses of non-BC native carbon stocks (i.e., positive priming) also varied with biochar and soil type and ranged from 1.5 to 15.8% y−1. The high BC losses observed in this study may be attributed to the subtropical and temporally variable climate conditions at the study site. Greater efforts should be made to base BC long-term stability estimates on field studies that monitor or control for biochar migration rather than reliance only upon laboratory incubations.
Assessing Seed Germination and Plant Growth of Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. Cultivated in Biochar-Enriched Substrates
Authors: Bini Lorenzo , Biricolti Stefano , Lenzi Anna , Del Bubba Massimo , Petrucci William Antonio , Giordani Edgardo
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the use of biochar as a sustainable substitute to peat in the soilless cultivation of rocket salad (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.). Biochar was added to a peat-based substrate at concentrations of 0% (control), 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 70% v/v to assess its effects on seed germination, plant growth, mineral content, and nitrate accumulation. The results show that biochar concentrations up to 40% v/v maintained germination rates above 80%, similar to the control, while higher concentrations (70% v/v) drastically reduced germination to 29% and entirely compromised plant development and growth. A moderate biochar concentration (20%) had a positive effect on fresh weight and leaf area, while maintaining comparable levels of nutrient uptake, chlorophyll, and flavonols. In addition, biochar-enriched substrates (≥20% v/v) reduced nitrate accumulation in leaves by 26–30%, addressing a critical quality and safety concern. A high biochar content (≥40% v/v) altered the substrate’s physicochemical properties, including pH, porosity, and electrical conductivity, negatively affecting plant growth (a 38% reduction in plant growth and 42% in leaf area) and increasing heavy metal concentrations, such as that of zinc (~30%). These findings suggest that incorporating up to 20% v/v biochar in soilless substrates offers a sustainable alternative to peat, supporting rocket salad performance and improving leaf nitrate quality, without compromising yield or safety.
An Automatic Irrigation System Based on Hourly Cumulative Evapotranspiration for Reducing Agricultural Water Usage
Authors: Lee Yongjae , Ha Seung-un , Wang Xin , Hahm Seungyong , Lee Kwangya , Park Jongseok
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the development and application of an automatic irrigation system based on hourly cumulative evapotranspiration (ET) to optimize cabbage growth while reducing agricultural water usage. Traditional irrigation methods often result in inefficient water use due to reliance on human judgment or fixed schedules. To address this issue, the proposed system utilizes environmental data collected from a field sensor (FS), the Korea meteorological administration (KMA), and a virtual sensor based on a machine learning model (ML) to calculate the hourly ET and automate irrigation. The ET was calculated using the FAO 56 Penman–Monteith (P-M) ETo. Experiments were conducted to compare the effectiveness of different irrigation levels, ranging from 40, 60, 80, and 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc), on plant growth and the irrigation water productivity (WPI). During the 46-day experimental period, cabbage growth and WPI were higher in the FS and KMA 60% ETc levels compared to other irrigation levels, with water usage of 8.90 and 9.07 L/plant, respectively. In the ML treatment, cabbage growth and WPI were higher in the 80% ETc level compared to other irrigation levels, with water usage of 8.93 L/plant. These results demonstrated that irrigation amounts of approximately 9 L/plant provided the optimal balance between plant growth and water conservation over 46 days. This system presents a promising solution for improving crop yield while conserving water resources in agricultural environments.