bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Every Child on the Map: A Theory of Change Framework for Improving Childhood Immunization Coverage and Equity Using Geospatial Data and Technologies (Preprint)
Authors: Chaney Sarah Cunard , Mechael Patricia , Thu Nay Myo , Diallo Mamadou S , Gachen Carine
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

The effective use of geospatial data and technologies to collect, manage, analyze, model, and visualize geographic data has great potential to improve data-driven decision-making for immunization programs. This article presents a theory of change for the use of geospatial technologies for immunization programming—a framework to illustrate the ways in which geospatial data and technologies can contribute to improved immunization outcomes and have a positive impact on childhood immunization coverage rates in low- and middle-income countries. The theory of change is the result of a review of the state of the evidence and literature; consultation with implementers, donors, and immunization and geospatial technology experts; and a review of country-level implementation experiences. The framework illustrates how the effective use of geospatial data and technologies can help immunization programs realize improvements in the number of children immunized by producing reliable estimates of target populations, identifying chronically missed settlements and locations with the highest number of zero-dose and under-immunized children, and guiding immunization managers with solutions to optimize resource distribution and location of health services. Through these direct effects on service delivery, geospatial data and technologies can contribute to the strengthening of the overall health system with equity in immunization coverage. Recent implementation of integrated geospatial data and technologies for the immunization program in Myanmar demonstrate the process that countries may experience on the path to achieving lasting systematic improvements. The theory of change presented here may serve as a guide for country program managers, implementers, donors, and other stakeholders to better understand how geospatial tools can support immunization programs and facilitate integrated service planning and equitable delivery through the unifying role of geography and geospatial data.
Exploring the user-experience of animation tailoring:
A mixed-methods approach comparing animation and video tailoring (Preprint)
Authors: Cheung Kei Long , Knapen Vera , Durusu Dilara , Winkens Bjorn , de Vries Hein
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Computer-tailored programs have shown their efficacy to enhance lifestyle behaviours. Video-based messaging improves user evaluations but is expensive and may be replaced by animations.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the effects of animation-based tailoring compared to video-based tailoring on the user-experience, using a modified case intervention: Support-to-Quit.

METHODS

A randomised controlled cross-over design was used with two periods (animation-based tailoring vs. video-based tailoring). A mixed-methods study was conducted using structured face-to-face interviews and digital questionnaires. The intervention Support-to-Quit was a web-based computer-tailored program to support smoking cessation. We recruited 58 participants (34.9% response rate) with 17 interviewees and 41 survey participations.

RESULTS

No significant differences in the scores between the video-based and the animation-based versions of the program were obtained (all p-values ≥ 0.14), indicating similar user-experience, and intention to use the program between the delivery modes. Small effect sizes favouring animated texts were found for loyalty and enjoyment. Interviews showed consistent findings, further revealing the specific perceptions surrounding the concepts of the user-experience model, and overall more positive feedback was given to the animated versions

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that animation-based tailoring and video-based tailoring yield similar user-experience of smokers. Due to the overall similar user-experience and two trends favouring animated texts, one can argue that animation-based tailoring may be a better and cheaper option from an intervention development perspective. Yet, future studies with larger sample sizes are needed.
Application of Inertial Measurement Units and Machine Learning Classification in Cerebral Palsy: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Khaksar Siavash , Pan Huizhu , Borazjani Bita , Murray Iain , Agrawal Himanshu , Liu Wanquan , Elliott Catherine , Imms Christine , Campbell Amity , Walmsley Corrin
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a physical disability that affects movement and posture. Approximately 17 million people worldwide and 34,000 people in Australia are living with CP. In clinical and kinematic research, goniometers and inclinometers are the most commonly used clinical tools to measure joint angles and positions in children with CP.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents collaborative research between the School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences at Curtin University and a team of clinicians in a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving children with CP. This study aims to develop a digital solution for mass data collection using inertial measurement units (IMUs) and the application of machine learning (ML) to classify the movement features associated with CP to determine the effectiveness of therapy. The results were calculated without the need to measure Euler, quaternion, and joint measurement calculation, reducing the time required to classify the data.

METHODS

Custom IMUs were developed to record the usual wrist movements of participants in 2 age groups. The first age group consisted of participants approaching 3 years of age, and the second age group consisted of participants approaching 15 years of age. Both groups consisted of participants with and without CP. The IMU data were used to calculate the joint angle of the wrist movement and determine the range of motion. A total of 9 different ML algorithms were used to classify the movement features associated with CP. This classification can also confirm if the current treatment (in this case, the use of wrist extension) is effective.

RESULTS

Upon completion of the project, the wrist joint angle was successfully calculated and validated against Vicon motion capture. In addition, the CP movement was classified as a feature using ML on raw IMU data. The Random Forrest algorithm achieved the highest accuracy of 87.75% for the age range approaching 15 years, and C4.5 decision tree achieved the highest accuracy of 89.39% for the age range approaching 3 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Anecdotal feedback from Minimising Impairment Trial researchers was positive about the potential for IMUs to contribute accurate data about active range of motion, especially in children, for whom goniometric methods are challenging. There may also be potential to use IMUs for continued monitoring of hand movements throughout the day.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12614001276640, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367398; ANZCTR ACTRN12614001275651, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367422
Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Postpartum Depression: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Saqib Kiran , Khan Amber Fozia , Butt Zahid Ahmad
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Machine learning (ML) offers vigorous statistical and probabilistic techniques that can successfully predict certain clinical conditions using large volumes of data. A review of ML and big data research analytics in maternal depression is pertinent and timely, given the rapid technological developments in recent years.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to synthesize the literature on ML and big data analytics for maternal mental health, particularly the prediction of postpartum depression (PPD).

METHODS

We used a scoping review methodology using the Arksey and O’Malley framework to rapidly map research activity in ML for predicting PPD. Two independent researchers searched PsycINFO, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and the ACM Digital Library in September 2020 to identify relevant publications in the past 12 years. Data were extracted from the articles’ ML model, data type, and study results.

RESULTS

A total of 14 studies were identified. All studies reported the use of supervised learning techniques to predict PPD. Support vector machine and random forest were the most commonly used algorithms in addition to Naive Bayes, regression, artificial neural network, decision trees, and XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting). There was considerable heterogeneity in the best-performing ML algorithm across the selected studies. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values reported for different algorithms were support vector machine (range 0.78-0.86), random forest method (0.88), XGBoost (0.80), and logistic regression (0.93).

CONCLUSIONS

ML algorithms can analyze larger data sets and perform more advanced computations, which can significantly improve the detection of PPD at an early stage. Further clinical research collaborations are required to fine-tune ML algorithms for prediction and treatment. ML might become part of evidence-based practice in addition to clinical knowledge and existing research evidence.
Tephra fall at Tungurahua Volcano (Ecuador) - 1999-2014: An Example of Tephra Accumulation from a Long-lasting Eruptive Cycle
Authors: Bustillos A. Jorge , E. Romero Jorge , Troncoso Liliana , Guevara C. Alicia
Published: April 2021

Tungurahua volcano awoke in 1999 after 75 years of quiescence, and its activity continues at the time of writing (2015). After fifteen years of eruptions, roughly 0.13 km• of tephra have been released and deposited mainly to the west and southwest of the volcano. In order to describe the activity and understand the implications associated to its tephra emissions, we review the: 1) their distribution, 2) quantification of ejecta, 3) their components and 4) eruption dynamics. Most of the eruptions have consisted of short-lived explosions, Strombolian eruptions, hydro-volcanic interactions triggering Vulcanian eruptions, one Subplinian event and transitional style phases, which is supported by analysis of tephra components. Major tephra fallouts occurred in 2001, 2006, and 2014. The rate of tephra discharge increased almost 2.1 times from the pre-2006 period to the post-2006 period. Tungurahua poses a continuing geological hazard across the adjacent regions, but also it is a natural laboratory for studying long-lasting eruptions and their effect.
Differences in Epicentral Location of Mexican Earthquakes between Local and Global Catalogs: An update
Authors: Hjörleifsdóttir Vala , Krishna Singh Shri , Husker Allen
Published: April 2021

Differences in epicentral locations between local and global catalogs for earthquakes in the Mexican subduction zone were first observed to be biased in the 1980s, based on a few well studied events. In this study we compare locations between two local catalogs; (1) a recent high precision catalog of events in the state of Guerrero and (2) the catalog of the Servicio Sismológico Nacional (SSN), to the global catalog of the United States Geological Service (USGS). We find that on average epicentral locations in the global catalog of earthquakes larger than M 5 in the Mexican subduction zone are 26 km towards N54°E of those in the local catalogs. We investigate how the errors vary for different types of earthquakes in Guerrero, and how they vary along the trench, from the state of Jalisco to the state of Chiapas. The average differences are largest for thrust events occurring close to the trench, and for events in Michoacán. The differences are greater on average for large earthquakes than for small. There is a trade-off between the distance from the trench and timing, suggesting a poor resolution of these parameters, due to the lack of stations the Pacific Ocean. We attribute the differences in locations to systematic patterns in the velocity structure of the mantle, with consistently fast paths to the northeast and relatively slow paths towards the southwest.
Comparative analyzes among electrical resistivity tomography arrays in the characterization of flow structure in free aquifer
Authors: Augusto Moreira César , Montenegro Marcelo , Carrara Alan
Published: April 2021

This paper makes a comparative analysis between the Dipole-dipole, Wenner and Schlumberger arrays through electric resistivity tomography (ERT), about the sensitivity and resolution in the spatial characterization of infiltrating pollutants in septic tank and cone of depression in supply well, both contained in unconfined aquifer. Data acquisition consisted of electrical resistivity rea-dings using five parallel lines with 105m long, electrode spacing and lines of 5m. The data from each line were subjected to 2D inversion and then interpolated to generate 3D blocks, which were extracted from a fixed resistivity isosurface (620 W.m), which enabled the modeling of volumes related to the flow structures. The results for the Dipole-dipole array allowed the modeling of the cylindrical structure associated to the supply well, and an isosurface deformation associated to the septic tank, but did not allow the modeling of the plume. The data for the Schlumberger array cannot allow for the cone recognition, but resulted in a drop shape model, associated to the septic tank and similar to a contamination plume. The Wenner array resulted in a model with structu-re in elongated keel format associated to the cone of depression, and another that is similar to the drop shape model, also associated to the septic tank. The comparative analysis shows that the Dipole-dipole array is recommended in works of modeling vertically integrated three-dimensional structures of high resistivity in the saturated zone. The Wenner and Schlumberger arrays are recommended for modeling vertically integrated three-dimensional structures of low resistivity in unsaturated zone, with emphasis on the Schlumberger array.
Relationship between the minima of the horizontal magnetic component measured in Mexico and the Dst and SYM-H indices for geomagnetic storms with Dstâ‰¤ -100nT during the descending phase of solar cycle 23
Authors: Martínez-Bretón Julia Lénica , Mendoza Ortega Blanca , Hernández-Quintero Esteban
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we analyze the time delay between the occurrence of the minima in the geomagnetic Dst, SYM-H indices and the horizontal magnetic component (H) measured in the Teoloyucan Magnetic Observatory (TEO) of Mexico. This difference was calculated in Universal Time for 15 geomagnetic storms (Dstâ‰¤-100nT) occurred during the descending phase of solar cycle 23. We found that, when the TEO was at the dayside, dawn and dusk, the time difference was negative, indicating that the minimum appeared first in the Dst, SYM-H reported by Kyoto, and afterwards in the H reported by TEO. On the other hand, when the TEO was close to midnight the difference was positive, indicating that the minimum occurred first at TEO and afterwards in Dst. We noticed that 14 out of 15 geomagnetic storms followed this behavior, except the most intense one of the sample. For the rest of the storms, it seems that the cause of the delay is not the intensity of the magnetic field at minimum but the intensity of the current systems present during the storm occurrences.
Shallow geoelectrical characterization of a small portion of the Basin of Mexico aquifer: Towards a better resource management
Authors: Arango-Galván Claudia , Flores-Márquez Elsa Leticia , Hernández-Espriú Antonio , Arias-Paz Alberto , Sagahón-López Edgar Jesús
Published: April 2021

Shortage in supply of fresh water in megacities is becoming increasingly common. Mexico City is part of this problem because dramatic reductions in groundwater levels have been observed in recent years along with associated problems such as subsidence and poor water quality, endangering access to this resource. The Ciudad Universitaria campus is located in the southern part of this mega city and has over 150,000 users, whose clean water demand is met from three abstraction wells supplying almost three million cubic meters per year. However, the configuration of this portion of the Mexico Basin aquifer is not well known and has shown a strong depletion in the water table. Thus, an integrated study was conducted with the aim to characterize this portion of the aquifer to provide information that allows carrying out a better assessment of its current situation and improving its management. Despite the difficulty to conduct a direct characterization of the hydrogeological units outcropping in the area since almost all the campus is covered with infrastructure (i.e. academic facilities, roads, gardens), a geological reconnaissance was carried out in the vicinity of exploitation wells and a geophysical characterization was performed using time-domain electromagnetics. Additio-nally, a pumping test was conducted in the main exploitation well in order to estimate hydraulic properties of the aquifer. Thus, the integration of these techniques allows inferring some important issues regarding the aquifer and its exploitation in this area.
Geoelectrical investigation of saline water intrusion into freshwater aquifers: A case study of Nador coastal aquifer, Tipaza, Algeria
Authors: Bouderbala Abdelkader , Remini Boualem , Saaed Hamoudi Abdelamir
Published: April 2021

The groundwater in Nador coastal plio-quaternary aquifer had high salinity in 1995, due to a seawater intrusion, where the Electrical Conductivity (EC) exceeded 9000 Î¼S.cm-1. After the implementation of Boukourdane’s dam, a pumping reduction of groundwater occured, and the irrigation was ensured by the dam and the water resulting from the sewage treatment plant.The physico-chemical analysis of the groundwater quality for the year 2013 shows that there is a dilution of the salinity compared to 1995 with values of EC less than 4400 Î¼S.cm-1. It also shows that more than 45% of the physico-chemical parameters have values above the permissible limits of the WHO standard for drinking purpose. The geophysical study is aimed mainly to understand the geophysical characteristics of groundwater in Nador plain by studying the electrical resistivity distribution of the subsurface saturated layers by applying the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) techniques. A total of 47 VES and 3 profiles of ERT were carried out to understand the resistivity distribution of the area. The interpretation of the results has identified a highly saline coastal aquifer and delineates the freshwater in the upstream at more than 2 km.
Establishing the range of background for radon variations in groundwater along the Serghaya fault in southwestern Syria
Authors: Al-Hilal Mohamed
Published: April 2021

Long-term groundwater radon measurements were carried out in two selected karstic springs emerging from the Serghaya fault zone in southwestern Syria. The work is aimed at determining the range of radon background along the concerned fault, which represents a prominent branch segment of the Dead Sea Fault System in the region. The obtained data was statistically analyzed and the mean radon values have been standardized in terms of probability of magnitude in order to enable the separation between normal radon variations from other anomalous or geotectonic related values. The results revealed a general background range of radon concentration varying between 5000 and 13000 Bqm-3, and thus all radon values lying outside this range were considered anomalous. However, remarkable clusters of high radon concentrations with peak values more than twice times the background level, were observed in both monitoring springs through the period (1992-1994). These abnormal radon values were positively correlated with simultaneous time of high precipitations, while no significant earthquake activities were recorded in the region during that period. Therefore, such radon signals do not seem to be a reflection of regional changes in crustal strain, but rather they mostly indicate evidences of radon response to the groundwater table fluctuations due to high precipitations. These consequences may confirm the usefulness of radon application as an important natural tracer in hydrogeological investigations.
Cardiovascular mortality in northwestern Russia in relation with geomagnetic disturbances
Authors: Shumilov Oleg , Kasatkina Elena , Koshcheeva Tatiana , Chramov Alexey
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to identify the impact of natural (geomagnetic disturbances), socioeconomic and man-made factors on mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Northwestern Russia. Data from 9057 CVD deaths in Kirovsk town (Kola Peninsula, 67.6 N, 33.7 E) were analyzed with respect to seasons of the year from 1948 to 2010. Total male CVD deaths showed three significant peaks in May, September and winter. The May maximum was dominant for all males, except for the oldest age (â‰¥70 years) group and seemed to be caused by emotional and physical effects of increased hormones in spring. Total female CVD deaths showed two significant maxima in autumn and winter and one insignificant spring peak. Seasonal distribution of the moderate (50<Ap<100 nT) magnetic had a bimodal pattern with spring and autumn peaks. This bimodal pattern of seasonal variation is also present in the female and male oldest age (â‰¥70 years) groups. Multi-Taper-Method (MTM) spectral analysis revealed periods of ~9-10 years, ~4.7 years and ~2.3 years at confidence level of â‰¥90%. These periods seem to coincide with the main cycles of variations of the aa-index of geomagnetic activity. There is no significant association of air pollution and CVD mortality at the region.
Hydraulic conductivities identification via Ensemble Kalman Filtering with transformed data considering the risk of systematic bias
Authors: Vázquez-Guillén F. , Auvinet Guichard
Published: April 2021

In subsurface hydrology, Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF) has been coupled with groundwater flow and transport models to solve the inverse problem. Several extensions of the EnKF have been proposed to improve its performance when dealing with non-multi-Gaussian random field models of the hydraulic conductivity. One such variant is the EnKF with transformed data (tEnKF), which uses Gaussian anamorphosis within a conditioning step. Although this transformation has been used in the past to identify hydraulic conductivities, previous studies have ignored the risk of introducing a systematic bias in the spatiotemporal evolution of the hydraulic head field during the forecast steps that the update steps may not correct over time. This paper proposes that in order to evaluate the performance of tEnKFs, applications in synthetically generated random porous media should take into account this risk by incorporating prior knowledge with a multi-Gaussian conductivity correlation structure, and by adopting a reference field with asymmetric correlation structure. As an example of this application, hydraulic conductivities using the tEnKF were identified by solving a one-dimensional, single phase flow problem in a continuous random porous medium. Common concepts in Geostatistics are used to explain the hypothesis underlying both EnKF and tEnKF and to establish a clear link between the tEnKF and the stochastic simulation of conditional random fields.
Effects of the soil properties on the sea pressure profile due to seismic motions
Authors: Rodríguez-Castellanos Alejandro , Ávila-Carrera Rafael , Pineda-León Ernesto , Martínez-Calzada Víctor , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco José
Published: April 2021

Large number of earthquakes have epicenters in offshore areas and their effects are a matter of great concern. This paper applies, for two dimensional problems, the Indirect Boundary Element Method to calculate the seismic pressure profile with the water depth due to the incidence of P- and SV-waves on the seabed, which can be characterized using the soil properties. Moreover, seismic amplifications of the seabed are highlighted. Our formulation can be considered as a numerical implementation of the Huygens’ Principle in which the diffracted waves are constructed at the boundary from which they are radiated. Thus mathematically, it is fully equivalent to the classical Somigliana’s representation theorem. Numerical results show the importance of knowing the properties of the marine soil because the pressure profile has an enormous dependence with respect to them. In some cases, pressure amplifications of six times between extreme values of soil materials can be expected. In addition, results from a layered numerical model evince that large seismic amplifications may be found, they can reach values up to 15.57 and 18.36 times the incident P- and SV-waves, respectively.
Influence of sensory experiences on tourists' emotions, destination memories, and loyalty
Authors: Yang Feifei , Huang Anmin , Huang Jie
Published: April 2021

We examined the influence of tourists' sensory experiences on their destination loyalty, and the mediating effects of tourists' emotions and memories of their experience. Data were collected using a self-report survey from 304 tourists visiting Wuyi Mountain, a natural and cultural
World Heritage Site in China. We found positive impacts of sensory experiences on emotions, memories, and loyalty; of emotions on memories and loyalty; and of experience memories on loyalty. Further, sensory experiences increased tourists' loyalty by positively influencing their memories,
and sensory experiences positively affected tourists' memories by arousing their emotions, thereby affecting their loyalty. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the internal mechanism of stimulating sensory experiences for enhancing tourist loyalty. Avenues for engaging tourists
should address the effect of sensory experiences on emotions and destination memories.
Beneficios y complicaciones del catéter venoso central de instalación periférica en cuidados intensivos adultos
Authors: Marzán-Garay Isabel Paulina , Azolas–Páez América Del Carmen , Mosqueda-Díaz Angélica
Published: April 2021

Introducción. Los accesos venosos centrales son indispensables en pacientes críticos, para fines diagnósticos y terapéuticos, en los últimos años la evidencia ha mostrado un incremento en el uso de catéteres centrales de instalación periférica (PICC). El objetivo de este artículo es identificar, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, los beneficios y complicaciones asociados al uso de dichos catéteres. Materiales y Métodos: Se aplicó la estrategia PICO para establecer la pregunta clínica que orientó la investigación. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed/Medline, Scielo, Web of Science, Ovid, Clinicalkey y Scopus, usando la expresión de búsqueda “PICC AND complicaciones y beneficios AND unidad de cuidados intensivos” en español e inglés. Los filtros aplicados fueron: texto completo, idiomas inglés, español y portugués, publicados los últimos 10 años y en investigaciones en humanos. Para el análisis crítico se utilizó la guía CASPe. Resultados. Sólo 10 artículos cumplieron los criterios para conformar la muestra bibliográfica, con investigaciones realizadas en China, Estados Unidos, España, Irak - Reino Unido. Discusión. Como beneficios destaca que el PICC es muy versátil, su instalación no presenta daño pleural o hemorrágico, puede usarse por periodos prolongados, disminuyendo los costos. La instalación puede ser realizada por profesional de enfermería capacitado, las principales complicaciones son infección y trombosis. Conclusiones. El PICC es una alternativa de acceso vascular efectiva y segura, posee grandes ventajas, su instalación puede ser efectuada por enfermeras capacitadas, y presenta menos riesgo de infecciones u otras complicaciones en relación al uso del clásico CVC.
Caracterização hidroquímica de águas superficiais dos rios Guajiru e do Mudo, Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Doce, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: DAMASCENO Micael Batista , SOUZA Raquel Franco de , DINIZ FILHO José Braz , CASTRO Vera Lúcia Lopes de
Published: April 2021

A Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Doce contém os tributários rio do Mudo e rio Guajiru. É uma das principais bacias do Litoral Oriental do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo em vista ser responsável pela formação da lagoa de Extremoz, a qual abastece parte da região metropolitana de Natal/RN. Vem sofrendo ao longo dos anos intensa pressão por parte da ocupação humana e industrialização. Parte da região das nascentes é composta por rochas do embasamento Pré- cambriano (e.g. granitos e ortognaisses), predominando no restante rochas sedimentares da Formação Barreiras e materiais Quaternários. Foram estabelecidos oito pontos de amostragens nas sub bacias dos rios Guajiru e do Mudo, onde foi coletada água, no período de julho a agosto de 2016, para classificação hidroquímica e correlação de suas características com os aspectos litológicos. O diagrama de Piper classificou as amostras predominantemente como cloretadas sódicas. Os diagramas de Stiff e Radiais mostram agrupamentos das amostras, tendo relacionamento genético com as regiões de nascente. A partir dos Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos - STDs as águas foram classificadas predominantemente como salgadas e salobras. As razões iônicas caracterizaram águas associadas a rochas cristalinas gnáissicas e graníticas. Os diagramas de Gibbs mostraram a influência do processo de evaporação/cristalização na química das águas. As águas estudadas (salgadas/salobras) nessa porção das nascentes demonstram ser quimicamente distintas das águas superficiais do médio e baixo curso da bacia hidrográfica, nos quais se têm águas doces/potáveis (usadas inclusive para consumo humano), devido a perenização dos rios/vales efluentes com águas doces do aquífero Barreiras.
Chemical composition of essential oils of the tree Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) cultivated in Costa Rica
Authors: Cicció José F. , Chaverri Carlos
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Melaleuca is a Myrtaceous genus of flowering plants of about 290 species, distributed throughout Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia, and New Caledonia. Objective: To identify the chemical composition of the essential oils from leaves, twigs and fruits of M. quinquenervia cultivated as ornamental in Costa Rica. Methods: The essential oils were obtained through the steam distillation process in a Clevenger type apparatus. The chemical composition of the oils was done by GC-FID and GC-MS, using the retention indices on a DB-5 type capillary column in addition to mass spectral fragmentation patterns. Results: The essential oils consisted mainly of terpenoids (88,2-96,6%). A total of 88 compounds were identified, accounting for 93.1-97.0% of the total amount of the oils. The major constituents from the leaf oil were 1,8-cineole (31,5%), viridiflorol (21,7%), and α-pinene (17,9%). The fruit essential oil consisted mainly of viridiflorol (42,1%), α-pinene (15,0%), limonene (6,4%), α-humulene (4,7%), β-caryophyllene (3,9%), and 1,8-cineole (3,4%). The major components of twigs oil were viridiflorol (66,0%), and 1,10-di-epi-cubenol (4,0%). Conclusion: The plants introduced in Costa Rica belong to chemotype II whose oils contain as major constituents 1,8-cineole and viridiflorol, and it suggest that the original plants were brought from southern Queensland or northern New South Wales (Australia) or from New Caledonia.
Bezoar de dinero: reporte de bezoar atípico, su manejo y una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Gómez Daniel Alfonso , Cabrera Luis Felipe , Pulido Jean Andre , González González Laura Maria , Melo Infante Alix Julieth , Pastrana Peña Daniela , Pedraza Ciro Mauricio , Mendoza Zucchini Andres
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: presentar el manejo laparoscópico en un caso de bezoar atípico y una revisión de la literatura.

Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 67 años con síndrome pilórico debido a una obstrucción intestinal por cuerpo extraño.

Resultados: se encuentra como hallazgo endoscópico un bezoar atípico (bezoar de dinero) impactado en la región prepilórica sin posibilidad de resolución por este medio, por lo cual se considera el manejo laparoscópico.

Discusión: los bezoares se definen como cualquier objeto el cual tuvo una ingesta voluntaria o involuntaria, que se aloja en alguna parte del tracto gastrointestinal superior, con mayor frecuencia a nivel gástrico, y no se puede digerir por los mecanismos fisiológicos del cuerpo; además, se clasifican según su composición.

Conclusiones: en pacientes con obstrucción intestinal alta debido a cuerpos extraños en los cuales el manejo endoscópico falla, el manejo quirúrgico mínimamente invasivo con cirugía laparoscópica es viable y eficaz.
Dermatomiositis y cáncer colorrectal: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Jaramillo Santos Mario Andrés , Sánchez Gil Andrés , Valencia Uribe Andrés , Arango Molano Lázaro Antonio
Published: April 2021

Los pacientes con dermatomiositis presentan un mayor riesgo de asociación con patología maligna subyacente, sin conocerse una causa precisa de esta relación. Son múltiples las posibles localizaciones anatómicas, entre las que se incluyen los ovarios, mamas, zona gástrica, zona colorrectal, sangre, pulmones y próstata. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 58 años que durante el estudio de pérdida anormal de peso manifestó debilidad muscular grave y alteraciones dermatológicas asociadas con el hallazgo de adenocarcinoma del colon transverso.
DFT study of structural, electronic, optical, and electrical properties of CuO based on GGA+U and TB-mBJ approximations
Authors: Es-Smairi Adil , Fazouan N , Atmani El Houssine , Maskar E , Vu Tuan , Rai Dibya Prakash
Published: April 2021

The structural, electronic, optical, and electrical properties of CuO
were studied using the density functional theory (DFT) based on the Full
Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FP-LAPW) method as
implemented in the Wien2k code. The structural parameters are optimized
by using the 4D-optimize option and the PBE-sol functional. The
electronic and optical properties were analysed adopting Generalized
Gradient approximation plus the screened Coulomb interaction (GGA+U) and
the modified Becke-Johnson (GGA-TB-mBJ) potential for comparison. The
calculated band energies have been used with the Boltzmann transport
equation to calculate the thermoelectric properties. It is shown that
the gap energy obtained by the (TB-mBJ) approximation potential is 2.02
eV more close to the experimental values comparing to that given by the
GGA+U (Eg=1.57 eV). The optical properties reveal a high absorption
coefficient in the UV region with an average transmittance of around
65% in the visible range, which covers a high range of light using
TB-mBJ exchange potential and an average reflectivity of approximately
18% in visible light. The CuO conductivity is limited by the carrier
mobility at low temperature and primarily defined by the carrier
concentration at high temperature. These properties make CuO a promising
material for solar cell applications as an absorbent layer and
antireflection coating.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Fundamentals, And Optimization
Authors: Ali Ahmed , Abdel-Rahman Mahran
Published: April 2021

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a teamwork clinical pharmacokinetic
services aimed to optimize pharmacotherapy of certain drugs such as
those with a narrow therapeutic range, complicated pharmacokinetics. It
involves the determination of drug level in blood samples taken at the
appropriate time. Interpretation of results requires integration of
pharmacokinetics, the pharmacodynamics of the drug and the patient’s
clinical profile. To be cost-effective the service should be optimized.
This review was written by experts from different developing countries
to highlight the fundamentals of the service and provide suggestions for
its optimization. These cover the rationale of requesting drug level,
design of request form, optimal sampling, and analytical tools.
guidelines for appropriate interpretation of drug levels; completeness
of the roles of the qualified medical team; continuing education and
skills development; involve the patients in improving the service,
conducting relevant research; use PK software and integration of TDM
with pharmacogenomics
A large right atrial thrombus penetrating through a patent foramen ovale in a patient with Prothrombin G2120 Mutation
Authors: Anderson Ricardo Patricio Pérez , Boehm Johannes , Lange Ruediger , Guenzinger Ralf
Published: April 2021

Abstract: The Prothrombin mutation G2021 alone is considered a minor
risk factor for thromboembolism, but thromboembolic events are more
likely in the presence of additional risk factors. We report on a
44-year-old female with an atrial thrombus causing pulmonary embolism
and transiting through a patent foramen ovale. The thrombus was
extracted by open heart operation. The patient had a family history for
thromboembolic events. Further diagnostic after surgery found the
patient positive for the Prothrombin mutation G2021, but not for the
Factor V Leiden mutation. After surgery, a permanent oral
anticoagulation has been started.
The Effect of Legal Entity Identifiers on Audit Fee Changes
Authors: Yen Ju-Chun
Published: April 2021

This study investigates whether a client's use of a Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) is associated with audit fee changes. An LEI uniquely identifies different legal entities worldwide, making audit clients' transactions and related parties more transparent and traceable, potentially reducing auditors' costs and audit risks, as reflected in audit fee changes. Using a sample of U.S. firms, I find that audit fees increase more for LEI firms than for non-LEI firms within the first few years of LEI registration, but they increase less for LEI firms than for non-LEI firms afterward. The results support a reduction in audit costs due to LEIs, with a learning effect. I also find that audit firms' brand name and industry expertise strengthen this association. This study provides initial empirical evidence of the effects of LEI and policy implications.
The Association between Auditor Provided Tax Planning and Tax Compliance Services and Tax Avoidance and Tax Risk
Authors: Chyz James A. , Gal-Or Ronen , Naiker Vic , Sharma Divesh S.
Published: April 2021

This study examines associations between auditor provided tax compliance and tax planning services and tax avoidance and tax risk. Collectively, our results suggest that companies paying their auditors for tax planning advice are more effective tax planners (in terms of higher tax avoidance and lower tax risk) than firms that do not engage their auditor for tax work. Our tax avoidance results are more pronounced for clients of auditors with more tax expertise and longer tenure, as well as for firms with higher tax and operational complexity. We also find that our tax avoidance results hold only when firms also engage their auditors for tax compliance work, which is consistent with auditors seeking to minimize reputation threats. Our study's unique hand-collected panel dataset provides a more precise and nuanced perspective on the role auditors play in tax outcomes.
Taxes as a tool for development in healthcare industry in Russia and the world
Authors: Garnov Andrey Petrovich , Prodanova Natalia Alekseevna , Perepelitsa Denis Grigorevich , Aleksandrovich Markov Maksim , Asyaeva Elmira Ahmetshaevna , Garnova Victoria Yuryevna
Published: April 2021

It is generally assumed that the result of the healthcare company's work is taxed. This is the principle used by most tax systems in the world. But not with us. The tax system that is currently being used in Russia, which was invented and implemented by "experts" from the IMF, is not based on the state withdrawing from the producer some, even the lion's share, of the profit that he received. The know-how of this system consists of “wind up” taxes and other mandatory payments of a tax nature on the cost of production and on each other. The concept of social entrepreneurship at the microeconomic level is revealed. The characteristics of social and socially oriented enterprises are given, their role as a palliative in alleviating poverty in Russia is shown. The main obstacles to the formation and development of social entrepreneurship in Russia are identified. Measures to overcome them are proposed and the prospects of this type of entrepreneurship are evaluated.
Ko te Tika, ko te Pono, ko te Aroha: Exploring Māori values in the university
Authors: Stewart Georgina , Smith Valance , Diamond Piki , Paul Nova , Hogg Robert
Published: April 2021

This research is offered as a koha (contribution) to the ongoing debates within the university where all co-authors work as academic staff, Auckland University of Technology (AUT) in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. We set out to critically investigate three key Māori words, tika, pono, aroha, and the results of their adoption as ‘university values’ by AUT. In the sections below, we synopsise and synthesise scholarly literature from a critical Māori perspective, informed by collective lived experience, including our experiences of being Māori academics, working at AUT. This research offers an internal critique of our employer university and is therefore an exercise in academic freedom and a form of activist research, as is consistent with the political nature of Kaupapa Māori approaches. While this article restricts itself to one university, the conundrum of using Māori knowledge in educational and other contemporary social institutions is topical across the nation. The key question we investigate is: Are these three words, tika, pono, aroha, being used by AUT in ways consistent with their Māori meanings?
Text-Forming Function of Addition in the Later Stories of V. G. Lidin
Authors: Seagal K. Ya.
Published: April 2021

The subject of analysis is addition as a phenomenon of language and speech, as well as the specificity of the text-forming function of addition in artistic and speech creativity. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that until now in the theory of syntax there is no generally accepted view of the essence of addition and how it is produced in speech, and it is also not considered that the text-forming function of addition is unique in different speech spheres, in particular in artistic speech creativity. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that addition is presented as a special syntactic form, characterized by its semantics and formally constructive organization and determining the assumptions and limitations of its speech implementation. The dual manifestation of the text-forming function of attachment in artistic and speech creativity is shown. The research material is based on the late stories of V. G. Lidin, included in the collection “Melting Snows” (1980): this writer, whose metapoetics is characterized by close attention to syntax, used addition with extraordinary skill.  When analyzing addition constructions in three stories, it was found that the addition is produced intentionally, counting on a textual perspective. It has been established that the text-forming function of addition is manifested in the organization of compositional-semantic communication on the one hand, and in the creation of an artistic detail on the other hand.
Genre Originality of Travel Cycle in Modern Russian Poetry (“Indian cycle” by V. Polozkova)
Authors: Gudkova S. P. , Samoylenko V. A.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the study of genre features of the lyrical cycle of travel in modern poetry on the example of “Indian Cycle” (2008) by Vera Polozkova. The relevance of the study is due to the need to comprehend the lyrical cycle of travel as a synthetic genre form, in the structure of which various kinds of changes take place, first of all, genre features of the lyric cycle and travelogue are synthesized. The study of this genre form makes it possible not only to determine the originality of the author's creative manner and his place in the modern literary process, but also to trace the main trends in the development of the lyric cycle of travel in modern Russian poetry as a whole. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of genre, problem-thematic, compositional features of the “Indian Cycle”, which makes it possible to draw a conclusion about the expansion of the genre-typological features of the travel cycle due to additional lyrical motives (landscape, philosophical, love). It is established that the lyrical cycle of V. Polozkova’s travel is built along a real geographical route, the image of the country being visited becomes a plot-forming basis. In the course of the study, the peculiarities of the artistic perception of the geographical, cultural and historical space of the eastern country, national spirit and attributes are revealed. The features of the influence of the travel route on the inner world of the lyrical heroine are analyzed. Cultural codes and clichés associated with stereotypical perception of India are being rethought. The work proves that V. Polozkova's "Indian Cycle" clearly demonstrates the trend of genre synthesis emerging in contemporary poetry.
Prishvin and Stalin: Artistic Image of the Leader in Writer’s Work
Authors: Podoksenov A. M. , Telkova V. A.
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the subject of the article is the question of who was the real prototype of the Chekist Sutulov in Prishvin’s novel “Tsar’s road”, which has not yet been considered in the history of foreign affairs. It is shown that in Russian literature it is difficult to find master of the pen, whose work would be to the same extent conditioned by the influence of the ideological and political context. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt was made to show how, through the artistic image of the Chekist Sutulov, one of the main characters of the novel “Tsar’s Road”, Prishvin seeks to reflect the ideo-logical and political attitudes, characteristic features of behavior, style of thinking and speech of Stalin. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the 18-volume “Diary” of the writer, which was not previously published due to censorship restrictions, which became available to the reader only in the post-Soviet period. It is shown that, through the artistic image of Sutulov, Prishvin gives his personal assessment of Stalin’s role in the development of the state, striving to artistically faithfully and truthfully reflect the characteristic features of that atmosphere of economic, political and spiritual super-tension in which Soviet society lived in the 1930s on the eve of the Great Patriotic War.