bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crowdwork: Wesen und Gestalt einer neuen Arbeitsform
Authors: Staiger Anna-Maria , von der Oelsnitz Dietrich
Published: December 2021

Der Beitrag beschreibt die immer stärker verbreitete Arbeitsform des Crowdworking. Es wird den Fragen nachgegangen, was unter Crowdwork zu verstehen ist, welche Formen in der Praxis vorzufinden sind und welche Elemente ein Crowdworking-Verhältnis konstituieren. Um einen vertiefenden Einblick in die (noch) atypische Arbeitsform zu geben, wird zudem auf unterschiedliche Aufgabentypen und Entlohnungsmodelle eingegangen. Darüber hinaus werden die wesentlichen Treiber und Motive der Crowdworker analysiert. In welcher sachlichen wie emotionalen Beziehung stehen die Ausführenden zu Auftraggebern und Vermittlungsportalen?
Das WiSt-Jubiläumsfragespiel: 19 aus 71
Authors: Gläser Martin
Published: December 2021

1971 wurde die Zeitschrift WiSt von den Herausgebern Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Erwin Dichtl und Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Otmar Issing ins Leben gerufen.In unserer Serie beantworten Autorinnen und Autoren der Zeitschrift 19 Fragen aus 71. Warum gerade 19 aus 71? Die Zahlen sind an das Jahr 1971 angelehnt. Für den Fragebogen haben wir uns unter anderem den „Proust´schen Fragebogen“ zum Vorbild genommen. Ursprünglich ist dieser ein beliebtes Gesellschaftsspiel, das einen fast unendlichen Spielraum von Antwortmöglichkeiten gibt: Die Person kann alles über sich preisgeben oder ein Rätsel bleiben. Gedacht ist es als ein Spiel, ein launiger Zeitvertreib, um einen kurzen, persönlichen Blick hinter den offiziellen Autorenlebenslauf zu werfen und unsere Autorinnen und Autoren etwas näher kennenzulernen.Aus 71 Fragen wählen wir für jeden Teilnehmer zufällig 19 Fragen aus. Von diesen können die Autorinnen und Autoren insgesamt fünf Fragen mit solchen aus dem Pool der übrigen 52 Fragen austauschen. Der vollständige Fragenkatalog ist auf unserer Homepage abrufbar. In diesem Heft fragen wir Prof. Dr. Martin Gläser.
Leistungsmessung an der Universität der Vereinten Nationen
Authors: Günther Edeltraud , Becker-Thierry Sabine , Nebel Bastian , Kirschke Sabrina
Published: December 2021

Wie kann ein Prozess initiiert und gestaltet werden, um die Wirkungen eines Instituts der Universität der Vereinten Nationen (UNU) auf Umwelt, Wirtschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft zu erfassen und zu bewerten? Die Analyse erfolgt am Beispiel des in Dresden angesiedelten Instituts für Integriertes Materialfluss- und Ressourcenmanagement (UNU-FLORES), das sich Fragen zum Nexus von Umweltressourcen, insbesondere Wasser, Boden, Abfall als Ressource, Energie, Biodiversität und Klima, dem sog. Ressourcen-Nexus, widmet.
INFLUENCIAS OLÍMPICAS MODERNAS: OLIMPISMO PARA EL DESARROLLO Y PAZ EN GUATEMALA
Authors: Ponciano Nuñez Pedro Danilo
Published: December 2021

El objeto de este estudio de investigación es doble. Primero, explicar un marco histórico sobre la práctica de la actividad física desde la antigüedad hasta los tiempos modernos donde se integra la promoción del cambio social y el desarrollo sostenible. En segundo lugar, mostrar un panorama de iniciativas sociales que utilizan la educación física y el deporte en Guatemala, que involucran al movimiento olímpico dentro de sus intervenciones sociales. El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante una exhaustiva metodología de investigación documental dentro de bases de datos de artículos científicos especializados. Además, el uso de literatura de estudios olímpicos e iniciativas deportivas sociales seleccionadas. Los resultados muestran cómo el Olimpismo y el deporte se integran en el trabajo prosocial hacia la promoción de objetivos de desarrollo sostenible y proponen futuras iniciativas para el desarrollo de esta línea de investigación limitada en Guatemala.
Poder y dependencia: los intermediarios locales en Siria Contemporánea
Authors: Al-Hussen Villa Nour
Published: December 2021

Durante décadas el régimen de los Asad ha extendido su dominio en las zonas periféricas del país a través de la articulación de una red de intermediarios de diferente naturaleza. Estos agentes locales eran encargados de asegurar la estabilidad y ejercer la contención de posibles sublevaciones a cambio de privilegios. La implosión de las estructuras del Estado el conflicto podría haber supuesto una oportunidad para terminar con las prácticas clientelistas del orden social preestablecido. No obstante, los resultados obtenidos en este documento demuestran no solo la supervivencia de la vieja estructura de intermediarios, sino también la emergencia de una nueva.
Medicine and Pharmacy in the works of Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
Authors: Sandor Vlaicu , Dumitrascu Dinu I. , Bojita Marius T. , Dumitrascu Dan L.
Published: December 2021

The 700th commemorative year of Dante’s death began on 25 March 2021, the day of the Annunciation of the Lord, of the creation of the world, the New Year’s Day in old Florence according to ab Incarnatione. On 25 March 2021, Holy Father Francis published the apostolic letter Candor Lucis Aeternae solemnly uniting the voice of the catholic church with the chorus of all the ones honoring the memory of the illustrious poet Dante Alighieri. In professional fraternity the voices of the guild colleagues join in, physicians and pharmacists, descendants of those in Arte dei Medici e degli Speziali, which proudly included among their members Dante Alighieri, at the crossing between the 13th and 14th centuries.
The traits of the changes of the matchematics teaching in the V–X forms
Authors: Cibulskaitė Nijolė , Valatkevičienė Jūratė
Published: December 2021

The research deals with the analysis of the mathematics teaching situation and his change in the main school during the period from 2003/2004 to 2006/2007 school years. The data of 1177 students of V–X formers in 2006/2007 s.y. were analyzed and compared with the data of 912 students of V–X formers in 2003/2004 s.y. The aims of this research were to ascertain the traits of present mathematics teaching of V–X formers and to compare this results with the results of the formerly research.The research results let draw the conclusions:– mathematics teachers applied such traditionalmethods as independentwork, self-control,work with visual manuals; the importance of the independentwork was decreased;– the frequency of the student‘swork with computers and the project‘smaking is increasing now;– considering peculiarities of human behaviour of teenagers, teachers should be recommended to pay more attention to student‘s interests and emotions in the classroom and to fostering student‘s self respect, particulary in the IX–X forms.
Number theory in secondary schools’ mathematics
Authors: Stankus Eugenijus
Published: December 2021

Schools’ curricula are analyzed in terms of Number Theory.  We deduce,  that the concept of number is first and main in secondary schools’ Mathematics.  The problems of divisibility of numbers are also discussed, the examples of such problems are given.
Nonlinear models for recognition of concentration of mixture
Authors: Ivanauskas Feliksas , Paulauskas Robertas , Vaitkus Pranas
Published: December 2021

In this paper extreme learning machine and support vector regression are used for biosensors response to mixtures of compounds classification. The results are compared with the results obtained using artificial neural networks and others.
Фізична терапія на етапах відновлення після ревізійного ендопротезування кульшового суглобу
Authors: Пустовойт Борис , Єфіменко Павло , Тохтамишев Микола , Каніщева Оксана
Published: December 2021

Мета: наукове обґрунтування, розробка та оцінка ефективності програми фізичної терапії пацієнтів при ревізійному ендопротезуванні кульшового суглобу.

Матеріал і методи: аналіз літературних джерел, показники артеріального тиску та пульсу, антропометрія, гоніометрія, тестування за шкалою ВАШ, математична статистика. Контингент досліджуваних склали пацієнти ДУ «Інститут патології хребта та суглобів ім. проф. М.І. Ситенка АМНУ» в кількості 19 осіб, які були роподілені на 2 групи, основна – 10 та контрольна – 9 осіб. Тривалість розробленої інтенсивної програми ФТ для пацієнтів основної групи – 37 днів, передопераційний період – 10 днів до хірургічного втручання та 27 днів після (ранній післяопераційний – 5 днів, пізній післяопераційний – 7 днів, ранній відновний – 15 днів). Пацієнти контрольної групи у той же час пройшли курс реабілітації за загально прийнятою методикою.

Результати: досліджена динаміка показників артеріального тиску та пульсу, антропометрії, гоніометрії кульшового та колінного суглобів, інтенсивності больового синдрому за шкалою ВАШ, визначено, що всі вказані показники були статистично кращими у пацієнтів основної групи.

Висновки: при ревізійному ендопротезуванні слід підготувати організм хворого для попередження післяопераційних ускладнень за допомогою засобів і методів фізичної терапії; у пацієнтів обох груп відбулося покращення показників гемодинаміки серцево-судинної системи, показників динаміки охватних розмірів стегна, обсягу рухів в кульшовому та колінному суглобах, тестування інтенсивності болю за шкалою ВАШ. Однак, у пацієнтів основної групи, у порівнянні з пацієнтами контрольної групи, виявлено суттєве (статистично доведене) покращення всіх показників; проведені спостереження підтвердили, що сегментарно-рефлекторний масаж можна проводити на ранніх етапах реабілітації; отримані в динаміці дослідження дають змогу стверджувати, що нами доведена висока ефективність розробленої програми фізичної терапії пацієнтів при ревізійному ендопротезуванні кульшового суглобу, яка дозволяє значно поліпшити стан опорно-рухового апарату та організму в цілому.

Ключові слова: ревізійне ендопротезування, кульшовий суглоб, фізична терапія.
Practice Facilitation Improves Adolescent Reproductive Health Preventive Services in Primary Care
Authors: Berlan Elise , Valenti Olivia , Long William , Toth Christina , Abenaim Angela , Maciejewski Heather , Gowda Charitha
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES

Provision of reproductive health preventive services to adolescents is critical given their high rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. Pediatricians are well positioned to provide these services but often face barriers. With this project, we aimed to build quality improvement (QI) capacity within pediatric practices to improve adherence to national guidelines for adolescent reproductive health preventive services.

METHODS

In 2016, an accountable care organization overseeing health care delivery for low-income children in the Midwestern United States used practice facilitation, a proven approach to improve health care quality, to support pediatric practices in implementing reproductive health QI projects. Interested practices pursued projects aimed at providing (1) sexual risk reduction and contraceptive counseling (reproductive health assessments [RHAs]) or (2) etonogestrel implants. QI specialists helped practices build key driver diagrams and implement interventions. Outcome measures included the proportion of well-care visits with RHAs completed and number of etonogestrel insertions performed monthly.

RESULTS

Between November 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, 6 practices serving >7000 adolescents pursued QI projects. Among practices focused on RHAs, the proportion of well-care visits with completed RHAs per month increased from 0% to 65.8% (P < .001) within 18 months. Among practices focused on etonogestrel implant insertions, overall insertions per month increased from 0 to 8.5 (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Practice facilitation is an effective way to increase adherence to national guidelines for adolescent reproductive health preventive services within primary care practices. Success was driven by practice-specific customization of interventions and ongoing, hands-on support.
The Scandinavian Way to Equality in Education
Authors: Lavrentsova Elena
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problem of social justice and equality in education, and its reflection in the socio-political discourse and education systems of four Nordic countries: Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden. The author traces the movement in the Scandinavian countries towards redefining equality in the focus of the social democratic ideology from providing equal starting opportunities and equal access to educational resources to a wider equalization, which includes educational outcomes. The experience of the Scandinavian countries to achieve "education for all" is presented, reflected in the national programs and refracted through the prism of the socio-political and institutional context. The deep relation between the adopted egalitarian course in education, typical for the countries in the region and their leading positions in international educational rankings, as well as the high level of socio-economic well-being is considered.
Close patient observation and electroencephalography play an important role in the diagnosis of rare diseases. Presentation of a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Authors:   Katedra Ratownictwa Medycznego, Państwowa Uczelnia Stanisława Staszica w Pile, Piła, Polska, Wiszniewska Małgorzata ,   Oddział Neurologiczny z Pododdziałem Leczenia Udarów Mózgu, Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Stanisława Staszica w Pile, Piła, Polska, Domagalska Andrzelika ,   Oddział Neurologiczny z Pododdziałem Leczenia Udarów Mózgu, Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Stanisława Staszica w Pile, Piła, Polska
Published: December 2021

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease is a rare, progressive spongiform encephalopathy caused by infectious proteins called prions. It is characterised by rapidly progressive dementia accompanied by cerebellar, visual, extrapyramidal, and pyramidal symptoms, as well as myoclonus and mutism in later stage of the disease. The most common type is sporadic Creutzfeldt– Jakob disease, accounting for 85% of all cases. Treatment of the disease is symptomatic. An important role in making the diagnosis is attributed to the observation of the patient and electroencephalography, showing characteristic cyclical discharges. We present the case of a patient whose first symptoms were psychiatric in nature, and who was diagnosed with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease based on careful observation, presence of myoclonus, and repeated electroencephalography examinations in which typical 1–2 seconds of sharp and slow wave discharges appeared. By presenting this case of severe progressive encephalopathy, we would like to highlight the fact that even in the age of modern diagnostic methods, electroencephalography, which has been in use for many years, may be crucial in the diagnostic process. We would also like to point out that the initial symptoms of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease may suggest a psychiatric disorder.
Among the Scientologists: History, Theology, and Praxis, by Donald A. Westbrook.
Authors: Gregorius Fredrik
Published: December 2021

Among the Scientologists: History, Theology, and Praxis, by Donald A. Westbrook. Oxford University Press, 2019. 332pp. Hb $45.00/£29.99. ISBN-13: 9780190664978.
Jehovah’s Witnesses
Authors: Chryssides George
Published: December 2021

Major publications on Jehovah’s Witnesses with scholarly or historical merit are reviewed here. Early writings, and literature relating to the two World Wars are discussed, followed by important “insider” accounts of the organization, notably A. H. Macmillan, Marley Cole, and Timothy White, and ex-member publications by M. James Penton, Raymond Franz, and Carl Jonsson. Particular attention is given to books appearing after 2014, notably Emily Baran, Zoe Knox, and the substantial three-volume anthology by Gerhard Besier and Katarzyna Stok?osa. The review does not cover novels, countercult critiques, or the author’s own publications.
Language Learning and Teaching in a Multilingual World Marie-Françoise Narcy-Combes, Jean-Paul Narcy-Combes, Julie McAllister, Malory Leclère and Grégory Miras (2019)
Authors: Hung Bui Phu
Published: December 2021

Language Learning and Teaching in a Multilingual World Marie-Françoise Narcy-Combes, Jean-Paul Narcy-Combes, Julie McAllister, Malory Leclère and Grégory Miras (2019) Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Pp. 224 ISBN: 9781788922975 (hbk) ISBN: 9781788927611 (pbk) ISBN: 9781788922982 (ebook pdf) ISBN: 9781788922999 (ebook epub)
The Dynamics of Language and Inequality in Education: Social and Symbolic Boundaries in the Global South Joel Austin Windle, Dánie de Jesus and Lesley Bartlett (eds) (2020)
Authors: Reilly Colin
Published: December 2021

The Dynamics of Language and Inequality in Education: Social and Symbolic Boundaries in the Global South Joel Austin Windle, Dánie de Jesus and Lesley Bartlett (eds) (2020) Bristol: Multilingual Matters. Pp. 184 ISBN: 9781788926942 (hbk) ISBN: 9781788926935 (pbk) ISBN: 9781788926966 (ebook)
Foreign Languages in Advertising: Linguistic and Marketing Perspectives Jos Hornikx and Frank van Meurs (2020)
Authors: Amos Will
Published: December 2021

Foreign Languages in Advertising: Linguistic and Marketing Perspectives Jos Hornikx and Frank van Meurs (2020) Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. Pp. 253 ISBN: 9783030316907 (hbk) ISBN: 9783030316938 (pbk) ISBN: 9783030316914 (ebook)
Handbook of Home Language Maintenance and Development: Social and Affective Factors Andrea C. Schalley and Susana A. Eisenchlas (eds) (2020)
Authors: Karpava Sviatlana
Published: December 2021

Handbook of Home Language Maintenance and Development: Social and Affective Factors Andrea C. Schalley and Susana A. Eisenchlas (eds) (2020) Berlin and Boston: Walter de Gruyter. Pp. 522 ISBN: 9781501516894 ISBN: 9781501510175 (eBook)
El «Lisardo enamorado» de Alonso de Castillo Solórzano: dobles redacciones, problemas textuales y cuestiones lingüísticas
Authors: Giorgi Giulia
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo se propone estudiar las vicisitudes editoriales del Lisardo enamorado de Alonso de Castillo Solórzano (Valencia, 1629) y de su primera versión, los Escarmientos de amor moralizados (Sevilla, 1628), pasando revista a los elementos lingüísticos e ideológicos que los distinguen e identificando las modalidades de reelaboración empleadas por su autor.
Tourism. Retrotopian Time-Travel (part two)
Authors:   Mgr., postgraduate, University of Ostrava, Faculty of Arts, Department of History, Czech Republic, Pezda Jan
Published: December 2021

The study historicizes the phenomenon of tourism as a purely modern variety of the mobility of which inner morphology began taking form at the turn of the 19th centuries. First, the study draws on the innovative approach of Hasso Spode, historian of mentality, who has a profound influence over contemporary research of the history of tourism in German historiography. Using his theoretical framing, the study discloses how travel that, from the late 18th century, had been a diverse set of motives, experiences, ideas and practices, started to be cemented by a psychomental foundation: the tourist gaze. Then, the study interprets tourism as the product of spatialization of time and temporalization of space. Finally, the article, using Zygmunt Bauman´s theoretical conception of “retrotopia”, clips today's form of tourism together with its primordial form and leads to a conclusion that the tourism as a controversial phenomenon of modern times is endowed with human nostalgia, romance, a never-ending desire for authenticity as well as an eternal obsession with the idea of “progress” encompassing also utopian notions.
Ośrodki zdrowia jako ogniwo publicznej służby zdrowia w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Authors:   Mgr, doktorant w Instytucie Historii, Kolegium Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Pasterski Bartosz
Published: December 2021

The article presents the circumstances of the establishment and the main activities of health centers in the interwar period. The first health centers in Poland were established in 1925 according to the concept of the American Rockefeller Foundation. Their functioning was to contribute to the improvement of health education, sanitation, hygiene, knowledge about food, and above all, to allow access to medical care and medical advice for all inhabitants of the country. Over time, as a result of the development of the entire system and the increase in the number of centers, there occurred a broadening of their specializations and improvement of the competences of their staff. Before the outbreak of World War II, health centers focused on prevention, treatment and combating common infectious diseases, which included tuberculosis, trachoma or venereal diseases among others. The activities of health centers contributed to the improvement of knowledge in the field of hygiene and prevention of infectious diseases, access to treatment and the dissemination of health care throughout the country.
Nationalisation and Reprivatisation of Forests in Poland after World War II
Authors:   Dr, Department of Economic History of the Faculty of History of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland, Jaroszyk Joanna
Published: December 2021

The article concerns the transfer of ownership of forest property, nationalized after World War II. It covers the process of property acquisition by way of nationalization decrees and dilemmas related to the issue of reprivatisation. Nationalization of forests throughout the country was mainly based on the Decree of the PKWN of December 12, 1944. on the takeover of some forests under the ownership of the Treasury. This decree was a supplement to the decree on agricultural reform, which initiated changes in the system and ownership after the Second World War. In a sense, it crowned the ‘task’ of nationalization, covering forests with a smaller area, not subject to the takeover under the agricultural reform decree. Different legal grounds for the nationalization of forests determined different re-privatization procedures initiated after 1989. The work includes issues proposed over the years and existing statutory solutions, as well as case law affecting the interpretation of legal norms.
Kilka uwag o historycznych fundamentach etnogenezy Friulów
Authors:   Dr hab., prof. UR, Instytut Nauk o Polityce Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Polska, Bonusiak Grzegorz
Published: December 2021

The territory of the modern Italian Republic is inhabited by a number of ethnic minorities. They are protected by the State, which recognises them as linguistic minorities. These include the Friulian-speaking community in the north-east of the country. Like all other ethnic groups, it has its own history, which has shaped its specific characteristics. After the Second World War, and especially since the late 1960s, the efforts of researchers and activists to describe and understand this process intensified. They began to identify those events that were considered particularly important in the process of Friulian ethnogenesis. The aim of this article is to subject them to critical analysis and to show possible simplifications or hypocrisies in the assumptions made to explain the phenomenon of the formation of Friulian distinctiveness.
Studies Regarding the Combat of the Braches Burns Produced by the Phomopsis Vaccinii at Blueberry Bushes Cultivated in Maramures County
Authors: MIHALESCU Lucia , VOŞGAN Zorica , MARIAN Monica , JELEA Stela , MARE ROŞCA Oana , POP Flavia , MAXIM Aurel , CORDEA Mirela
Published: December 2021

This study has examined the response of two species of the blueberry bushes: Elliot and Bluecrop cultivated in the climate conditions of the years 2014 and 2015 to the attack of the Phomopsis vaccinii; we have also testedand determined the biological efficiency of three fungicide products in order to recommend the best of them to be used in the bushes treatment. The attack was calculated by determining the disease frequency (F%) and its intensity (I%). We also calculated the biological efficiency for the three selected products, considered as being the best ones. We utilized the interrupted-linear setting method which consists of 5 plants/three repetitions / product and we monitored 3 plants from each repetition; 2 marginal plants were for untreated control. Our analysis of the two species pointed that the Bluecrop species has a much higher sensitivity against the pathogen than the one discovered in the Elliot species. The calculation of the biological efficiency proved that the best product Funguran OH 50 PW (90,5%) was followed by Alcupral 50 PU (88,8%) and the Copac ( 86,2%) for the Elliot variety, occupied the last place; the same hierarchy with smaller values was found for the Bluecrop variety.
Researches Regarding on the Impruvement and Efficiency of Minimal Soil Works System in Soybean Crop, Specific to Different Pedoclimatic Conditions, in Turda Area
Authors: CHEŢAN Felicia , CHEŢAN Cornel , ŞIMON Alina , DEAC Valeria , BĂRDAŞ Marius
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the influence of the conventional and minimum tillage system, the fertilization system and the agricultural year (expressed by different climatic conditions) on the production and economic efficiencyof the soybean culture. The experience poly-factorial, was placed on the type of soil Phaeozem (clay, iluvial) in the Transylvanian Plain (with multi-annual average temperature of 9.1°C and multi-annual average rainfall of531.0 mm). The soybean culture responded favorably to the minimal tillage technology, the production being veryclose to that obtained in the conventional system. The application of the “minimum tillage” system to the soybeanculture requires a fuel consumption of 63.1 l/ha at the price of 328.12 lei/ha compared to the classic technology atwhich 78.6 l/ha is consumed at the price of 412.36 lei/ha, is 84.24 lei/ha in favor of the minimum system.
The Heritability of Some Qualitative and Quantitative Traits at One Set of Spring Barley Genotypes
Authors: PORUMB Ioana , RUSSU Florin , ROTAR Ioan
Published: December 2021

Work collections are subjected to a renewal process, therefore a regular evaluation is needed inorder to appreciate the genetic advance of the existing variability at collection level and further to identify valuable genotypes in terms of morphoproductive and qualitative traits (protein, starch). The barley intended for brewing must correspond to some qualitative parameters, of which proteins and starch content are of major importance. For this purpose, a study was conducted to assess the variability and heritability indicators corresponding to the two traits at 48 barley genotypes. The genotypes that were the subject of this study were sown in three experimental years 2013, 2014 and 2016. The mean values of 2013 year was 13.71 compared with only 10.77, and 11.27 in 2014 and 2016. The significant value of the heritability coefficient along with the genetic advantage of 0.81 indicates the success of selection work for this important chemical trait.
Interaction of cultivar and irrigation on mixtures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: PANKOU Chrysanthi , LITHOURGIDIS Anastasios , DORDAS Christos
Published: December 2021

Intercropping is the simultaneous cultivation of two or more crops species in the same space for a considerable proportion of the growth period. Intercropping has several advantages and is used in both traditional and sustainable agriculture. The objective of the present study was to study the interactions among different pea and wheat cultivars and the effect of water availability on wheat-pea mixtures and the competition between the two species. The experiment was conducted for two successive growing seasons using two different irrigation regimes and two cultivars from each species. The different treatments were evaluated using morphological and agronomic characteristics. Intercropping treatment, cultivars, and irrigation level affected most of the characteristics that were studied and the competition between the two species. Biomass was higher by 47% and leaf area index by 34% under irrigation compared to the rainfed conditions. The different cultivars showed different response under the two water regimes. Based on the intercropping indices, the mixture ‘Yecora E’ - ‘Isard’ is favoured under irrigation while the combination ‘Elissavet’ - ‘Isard’ under low water availability. There was interaction between cultivars and irrigation and using different cultivars in intercropping can have higher yield advantage than monocropping by exploiting the environmental resources more efficiently. Therefore, the use of appropriate cultivars in mixtures can affect the growth, biomass yield and competition between the two species leading to higher yield and greater economic return.
Phosphorus-induced change in root hair growth is associated with IAA accumulation in walnut
Authors: XU Yongjie , XU Chunyong , ZHANG Dejian , DENG Xianzhen
Published: December 2021

Walnut, an important non-wood product forest tree, has free root hairs in orchards. Root hairs are specialized cells originating from the root epidermis that are regulated by plant hormones, such as auxins. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect and mechanism of phosphorus stress on root hair growth of walnut (Juglans regia L.) seedings by auxin (IAA) biosynthesis and transport. Both low phosphorus (LP) and no phosphorus stresses (NP) heavily decreased plant height, leaf number, total root length, root surface, shoot and root biomass, and root nutrient contents. The LP treatment significantly increased root hair growth, accompanied with up-regulation of the positive regulation root hair growth gene JrCPC and down-regulation of the negative regulation root hair growth gene JrTTG1, while the NP treatment had opposite effects. The root IAA level, IAAO activities, IAA transport genes (JrAUX1, JrLAX1, and JrPIN1), and the biosynthesis genes (JrTAA1 and JrTAR1) were increased by the LP treatment, while the NP treatment decreased all of them. Interestingly, the auxin biosynthesis gene CsYUCCA1 was not affected, which suggested that P mainly affects root hair growth of walnut by regulating auxin transport, and then affects root nutrient absorption and plant growth.
Comparative analysis of genetic diversity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) clonal seed orchards and seed stands
Authors: CIOCÎRLAN Elena , ȘOFLETEA Neculae , MIHAI Georgeta , TEODOSIU Maria , CURTU Alexandru L.
Published: December 2021

Norway spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst. is the most important conifer species in Romania and the most planted tree species in the Carpathian Mountains. Here we compare the genetic diversity of four Norway spruce clonal seed orchards and two seed stands located in the Eastern Carpathians. A set of highly polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers was used. The analysis of genotypic identity of ramets for each Norway spruce clone in all seed orchards indicated that nearly all sampled ramets (97%) were genetically identical. The genetic diversity in seed orchards (He=0.700) was slightly smaller compared to the seed stands (He=0.718). Allelic richness was higher in seed stands (10.874), compared to clonal seed orchards (8.941). The Bayesian analysis indicated a genetic structure with two clusters, one corresponding to the clonal seed orchards and a second one consisting of the two seed stands. Our results provide valuable information for the management of Norway spruce seed orchards in Romania.
Introduction pages
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: December 2021

The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 4, Volume 49, 2021 represent new exciting researches in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Cotton versus climate change: the case of Greek cotton production; Agronomic and genetic approaches for enhancing tolerance to heat stress in rice; Insights on solanaceous resistance against tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta), with emphasis on chemical compounds useful in integrated pest management; Role of conventional and molecular techniques in soybean yield and quality improvement - A critical review; Assessment of cold stress tolerance in maize through quantitative trait locus, genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis; Beneficial microorganisms enhance the growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under greenhouse conditions; Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of duplicated flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene family in Carthamus tinctorius L.; Comparative analysis of genetic diversity in Norway spruce (Picea abies) clonal seed orchards and seed stands, etc.
Organizações indígenas e redes comunicacionais no Brasil: uma história de luta, mobilização e resistência
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Amazonas, MILHOMENS Lucas
Published: December 2021

O movimento indígena brasileiro tem ganhado destaque nos últimos anos ao se tornar protagonista de importantes lutas. Temas relacionados a preservação do meio ambiente são cada vez mais comuns, tanto nos noticiários da grande mídia como nos veículos de comunicação “alternativos”. Entidades como a Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil (Apib) e a Coordenação das Organizações Indígenas da Amazônia Brasileira (Coiab) têm construído uma significativa rede mobilizacional no intuito de fortalecer suas demandas. O presente artigo é uma reflexão teórico-empírica que objetiva analisar a história da relação entre essas organizações e suas redes comunicacionais anticoloniais. Elementos importantes para compreender as estratégias de luta dos povos indígenas do Brasil no século XXI.
A Stepwise Procedure for Toxicity Studies Based on Ratio of two means
Authors: Adjabui Michael Jackson , Awaab John Ayuekanbey , Dioggban Jakperik
Published: December 2021

This paper proposes a stepwise confidence set procedure for identifying equivalence or safety of compounds in a toxicity study under heteroscedasticity of variances for a normally distributed data. The problem of statistical methodology for drug safety is the control of the familywise error rate (FWER). Hence, we construct a confidence set procedure for toxicological evaluation and incorporating the partitioning principle with a case of heteroscedascity of variances under normal assumption. Our simulation studies demonstrated that the power of the procedures for heterogeneity of variances increases with increasing in ratio of means.
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S1: Step-by-step-guide using image J in the work flow. v1
Authors: Kalke Paul , Helm Conrad
Published: December 2021

How to use ImageJ in our 3D-workflow from data manipulation, import, segmentation and export as OBJ-file.
A simulation strategy to determine the mechanical behaviour of cork-rubber composite pads for vibration isolation
Authors: Lopes Helena , Silva Susana , Machado José
Published: December 2021

The present work aimed to determine the performance of new cork-rubber composites, applying a modelling-based approach. The static and dynamic behaviour under compression of new composite isolation pads was determined using mathematical techniques. Linear regression was used to estimate apparent compression modulus and dynamic stiffness coefficient of compounds samples based on the effect of fillers, cork and other ingredients. Using the results obtained by regression models, finite element analysis (FEA) was applied to determine the behaviour of the same cork-rubber material but considering samples with different dimensions. The majority of the regression models presented R2 values above 90%. Also, a good agreement was found between the results obtained by the presented approach and previous experimental tests. Based on the developed methodology, the compression behaviour of new cork-rubber compounds can be accessed, improving product development stages.
A Pilot Study to Adapt a Trauma-Informed, Mindfulness-Based Yoga Intervention for Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Owen-Smith Ashli , Black Holle , Emerson David , Cotner Michaela , Smith Herschel , Jackson Douglas , Ford Julian D. , DeBar Lynn , DiClemente Ralph , Hayat Matthew J.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present study was to adapt and pilot a trauma-informed, mindfulness-based yoga (TIMBY) intervention focused on enhancing self-regulation among youth in the Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice system. In this article we (1) describe the process by which we systematically adapted an evidence-based protocol specifically for this population, (2) describe the nature of and rationale for those adaptations, (3) present some preliminary qualitative findings based on interviews with youth participants, and (4) briefly summarize how the adapted protocol will be evaluated in the subsequent feasibility trial. The iterative drafting and revision process involved modifications to a well-established, protocolized Trauma-Informed Yoga program and was identified by the project advisory board and t h rough formal interviews with intervention staff. Qualitative interviews were conducted with youth participants concerning intervention impact, credibility, and satisfaction. Several needed modifications were identified so that the intervention would be contextually appropriate for justice-involved youth. Thirty youth were enrolled in the pilot study: 77% we re Non - Hispanic Black/African-American, 18% were Non-Hispanic White, and 5% were Hispanic White. The average age was 16.45 years (range 14–20). The youth consistently reported satisfaction with the sessions and positive beliefs about how the sessions were helping them with a range of physical and psychological/ emotional challenges. Adaptations to the protocol in the present study highlight how mindfulness-based interventions for justice-involved youth need to consider what is both developmentally suitable for youth and appropriate in a justice setting. A feasibility study using this revised TIMBY protocol is underway at four Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice facilities to formally identify the barriers and facilitators to implementation for the present study and a future, larger-scale trial.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ground-Motion Intensity at the Irpinia Near-Fault Observatory, Southern Italy
Authors: Picozzi Matteo , Cotton Fabrice , Bindi Dino , Emolo Antonio , Maria Adinolfi Guido , Spallarossa Daniele , Zollo Aldo
Published: December 2021

Fault zones are major sources of hazard for many populated regions around the world. Earthquakes still occur unanticipated, and research has started to observe fault properties with increasing spatial and temporal resolution, having the goal of detecting signs of stress accumulation and strength weakening that may anticipate the rupture. The common practice is monitoring source parameters retrieved from measurements; however, model dependence and strong uncertainty propagation hamper their usage for small and microearthquakes. Here, we decipher the ground motion (i.e., ground shaking) variability associated with microseismicity detected by dense seismic networks at a near-fault observatory in Irpinia, Southern Italy, and obtain an unprecedentedly sharp picture of the fault properties evolution both in time and space. We discuss the link between the ground-motion intensity and the source parameters of the considered microseismicity, showing a coherent spatial distribution of the ground-motion intensity with that of corner frequency, stress drop, and radiation efficiency. Our analysis reveals that the ground-motion intensity presents an annual cycle in agreement with independent geodetic displacement observations from two Global Navigation Satellite System stations in the area. The temporal and spatial analyses also reveal a heterogeneous behavior of adjacent fault segments in a high seismic risk Italian area. Concerning the temporal evolution of fault properties, we highlight that the fault segment where the 1980 Ms 6.9 Irpinia earthquake nucleated shows changes in the event-specific signature of ground-motion signals since 2013, suggesting changes in their frictional properties. This evidence, combined with complementary information on the earthquake frequency–magnitude distribution, reveals differences in fault segment response to tectonic loading, suggesting rupture scenarios of future moderate and large earthquakes for seismic hazard assessment.
Postseismic Relaxation Following the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Pollitz Fred F. , Wicks Charles W. , Svarc Jerry L. , Phillips Eleyne , Brooks Benjamin A. , Murray Mark H. , Turner Ryan C.
Published: December 2021

The 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence involved predominantly right-lateral strike slip on a northwest–southeast-trending subvertical fault in the 6 July M 7.1 mainshock, preceded by left-lateral strike slip on a northeast–southwest-trending subvertical fault in the 4 July M 6.4 foreshock. To characterize the postseismic deformation, we assemble displacements measured by Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar. The geodetic measurements illuminate vigorous postseismic deformation for at least 21 months following the earthquake sequence. The postseismic transient deformation is particularly well constrained from survey-mode GPS (sGPS) in the epicentral region carried out during the weeks after the mainshock. We interpret these observations with mechanical models including afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust and mantle asthenosphere. During the first 21 months, up to several centimeters of horizontal motions are measured at continuous GPS and sGPS sites, with amplitude that diminishes slowly with distance from the mainshock rupture, suggestive of deeper afterslip or viscoelastic relaxation. We find that although afterslip involving right-lateral strike slip along the mainshock fault traces and their deeper extensions reach a few decimeters, most postseismic deformation is attributable to viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust and mantle. Within the Basin and Range crust and mantle, we infer a transient lower crust viscosity several times that of the mantle asthenosphere. The transient mantle asthenosphere viscosity is ∼1.3×1017  Pa s, and the adjacent Central Valley transient mantle asthenosphere viscosity is ∼7×1017  Pa s, about five times higher and consistent with an asymmetry in postseismic horizontal motions across the mainshock surface rupture.
Tocilizumab: A promising treatment for COVID-19 patients
Authors: Anandan Janani , Lee Cecilia
Published: December 2021

A novel Coronavirus was identified in China as SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 and was later declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization [1]. In most patients, COVID-19 presents with mild or moderate symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, and myalgia. However, around 10% of patients develop more severe symptoms such as pneumonia and multiorgan failure, which can result in death [1-2]. Until vaccines are widely available, the only way to reduce fatality rates is to treat affected patients with existing drugs and therapy options.
Neglected infectious diseases in the geriatrics
Authors: Al Yamani Abrar Abdulfattah , Falqi Yahya Mohammad , Alnawar Yussif Mohammed , Almahrous Lama Mohammed , Alwael Haitham Ahmed , Al Muhaif Ali Ibrahim , Mansour Hebah Adel , Banjar Ghadeer Adil , Sabrah Tameem Abdullah , Idreis Hanady Mohammed , Al Harban Yousef Shamlan
Published: December 2021

Infectious diseases in the elderly population pose a significant threat to their lives. Neglected tropical diseases significantly impact the health of the affected patients and populations at risk. Reports show that many of these disorders are among the highest ten most typical causes of disability-adjusted life years. In the present literature review, we have discussed the most common neglected tropical infections in geriatrics based on data from the current studies in the literature. Different infections can affect the geriatric population. However, evidence shows that this population is susceptible to developing severe disease-related conditions. This has been reported with dengue infection, onchocerciasis, and cholera. It has been demonstrated that ocular lesions and other clinical manifestations are highest among the elderly population with onchocerciasis. Severe dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever are also reported at a high rate in this age group. Concurrent infections and disorders were documented with many of these infections, probably due to reduced immunity. Socioeconomic factors, co-morbidities, access to healthcare settings, environmental factors, sanitation, clustering, and overcrowding contribute to the frequency of neglected tropical diseases in the elderly. Further studies are still needed because the current report is scarce, which might underestimate the current evidence.
Multivariate analytical methods for simultaneous estimation of Atenolol and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and tablet dosage form
Authors: Archakam Sreenivasa Charan , Palur Keerthisikha , Arava Praveen Kumar
Published: December 2021

The present study aimed to develop simple, accurate and precise FTIR and UV spectrophotometric methods for the quantification of Atenolol and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and tablet dosage forms.

FT-IR method like classical least squares (CLS) was developed within the range of 2366.69-3433.44; 1564.40-1673.30 cm- UV methods like Cramer’s matrix method (method-I) and linear regression analysis (Method II) were developed and they are based upon constructing the matrix set by using molar absorptivity values at 275.60 nm and 270.40 nm.

The assay values for FTIR- CLS method were 102% and 108 % for Atenololand Hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Cramer’s matrix method results were found to be 95.15% and 104% for Atenolol and Hydrochlorothiazide respectively and for linear regression method they were found to be 98.50% and 106% (w/w).
Mecanismos de inducción de rizobios para reducir el estrés por sequía en las leguminosas
Authors:   Departamento Académico de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Perú, Santillana Villanueva Nery
Published: December 2021

Drought is one of the main limitations of agricultural productivity and food security, in Andean mountain. The use of atmospheric nitrogen-fixing rhizobia in symbiosis with legumes, and tolerant to a wide range of adverse conditions, such as drought, is a great potential in sustainable agriculture. The aim of this review is to compile studies about drought stress effect on the legume-rhizobia symbiosis and rhizobia mechanisms to induce drought tolerance in legumes. The search for information was conducted from August to December 2020, using key terms. The drought effect on the nodulation and atmospheric nitrogen fixation process is made known, as well as the rhizobia ability to synthesize exopolysaccharides, enzymes, phytohormones, siderophores, osmolytes and solubilize phosphates as induction mechanisms to mitigate drought stress in legumes. This review will serve to propose future research using rhizobia to mitigate the drought effect on the legumes cultivation in environments such as the Andean mountains.