bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors for Access-Site Pain Chronicity after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention via Radial Artery Access
Authors: Brogiene Liuda , Baksyte Giedre , Klimaite Agne , Paliokas Martynas , Macas Andrius
Published: November 2020

Objectives. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and predictive factors for developing chronic access-site (A-S) pain after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via radial artery access. Methods. Data of selected patients (n = 161) who underwent elective PCI were collected prospectively and analysed in 2020. Verbal analogue scale was used to evaluate pain intensity after 12, 24, and 48 h and 3 months after PCI. The univariate logistic regression analysis was used. Results. Pain prevalence decreased from 29% straight after PCI and 54% two hours later to 3.7% following 3 months after procedure. The predictors for A-S pain chronicity are diabetes (OR = 5.77 95% CI (1.07–31.08),

p
=
0.041

), hematoma (OR = 6.48, 95% CI (1.06–39.66),

p
=
0.043

), A-S hand neuropathy (OR = 19.93 95% CI (1.27–312.32),

p
=
0.033

), A-S pain immediately after PCI (OR = 14.60 95% CI (1.63–130.27),

p
=
0.016

), after 12 h (OR = 17.2 95% CI (1.60–185.27),

p
=
0.019

), 24 h (OR = 48 95% CI (4.87–487),

p
=
0.01

), and 48 h (OR = 23.46 95% CI (3.81–144.17),

p
=
0.001

), and pain intensity immediately after procedure (OR = 3.30 95% CI (1.65–6.60),

p
=
0.001

), after 2 h (OR = 2.56 95% CI (1.15–5.73),

p
=
0.022

), after 12 h (OR = 3.02 95% CI (1.70–5.39),

p
<
0.001

), after 24 h (OR = 3.58 95% CI (1.90–6.74),

p
<
0.001

), and after 48 h (OR = 2.89 95% CI (1.72–4.87),

p
<
0.001

). Pain control was performed with Ketoprofen and Ibuprofen as most used NSAIDs. 10 mg of Morphine intravenously was the choice from strong opioids if necessary. Conclusions. The prevalence of chronic A-S pain is 3.7%. Main predictive factors for the A-S pain chronicity are diabetes, hematoma, and persistent pain and pain intensity during 48 h period after PCI.
A Novel Median-Point Mode Decomposition Algorithm for Motor Rolling Bearing Fault Recognition
Authors: Yao Ganzhou , Fan Bishuang , Wang Wen , Ma Haihang
Published: November 2020

Precise fault recognition of motor rolling bearing fault is playing a significant role in any machinery and equipment. However, conventional decomposition methods fail to completely reveal the fault signal information of motor rolling bearing due to mixed modes problem. To solve the problem, the median-point mode decomposition (MMD) method is presented. The MMD method uses sort-based inversion to sort out each variation of the same time interval for better and specific mode decomposition, with the assistance of the advanced envelope curve formed by the median points between adjacent extreme points. It certainly alleviates the mixed mode during the iteration of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Therefore, comparison results are simulated in the proposed MMD method with conventional methods. Experiment of motor rolling bearing fault is operated for fault recognition in order to demonstrate the MMD algorithm.
Edema facial como manifestación inicial atípica de arteritis de células gigantes: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Gonzalez Almonacid Cecilia Ignacia , Sabat Sarras Karime Alejandra , Garchitorena Marqués Maria Jesús , Gac Espánola Homero , Silva María Jesus
Published: November 2020

Introducción: la arteritis de células gigantes es la vasculitis de vaso grande más frecuente y se ve predominantemente en adultos mayores de 50 años. El diagnóstico es en base a la clínica que se compone de cefalea, polimialgia reumática, sensibilidad en relación a la arteria temporal, compromiso del estado general, entre otras cosas, más laboratorio que se evidencia reactantes de fase aguda elevados y anemia y se confirma con biopsia de arteria temporal. Métodos: reporte de un caso de una paciente con debut con cefalea y aumento de volumen facial, lo que conllevó un diagnóstico erróneo de celulitis facial. Debido a esta presentación atípica, se retrasó el diagnóstico de arteritis de la temporal y tratamiento oportuno. Resultados: la arteritis de células gigantes es una patología que posee un gran rango de presentaciones atípicas, lo que ocurre en hasta un 38% de los pacientes que poseen la enfermedad, manifestaciones que incluyen neuralgia del trigémino, infartos linguales, aneurismas aórticos, edema facial, entre otros. Conclusión: es muy relevante conocer las presentaciones atípicas de esta patología que son muy frecuentes de encontrar en los pacientes y conocerlas nos permite aumentar nuestra sospecha clínica permitiendo un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno, evitando consecuencias irreversibles por el retraso diagnóstico.
Macrophage-Based Approaches for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Anderson Nicholas R. , Minutolo Nicholas G. , Gill Saar , Klichinsky Michael
Published: November 2020

Adoptive cell therapy with genetically modified T cells has generated exciting outcomes in hematologic malignancies, but its application to solid tumors has proven challenging. This gap has spurred the investigation of alternative immune cells as therapeutics. Macrophages are potent immune effector cells whose functional plasticity leads to antitumor as well as protumor function in different settings, and this plasticity has led to notable efforts to deplete or repolarize tumor-associated macrophages. Alternatively, macrophages could be adoptively transferred after ex vivo genetic modification. In this review, we highlight the role of macrophages in solid tumors, the progress made with macrophage-focused immunotherapeutic modalities, and the emergence of chimeric antigen receptor macrophage cell therapy.
Entinostat plus Pembrolizumab in Patients with Metastatic NSCLC Previously Treated with Anti–PD-(L)1 Therapy
Authors: Hellmann Matthew D. , Jänne Pasi A. , Opyrchal Mateusz , Hafez Navid , Raez Luis E. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. , Wang Fang , Trepel Jane B. , Lee Min-Jung , Yuno Akira , Lee Sunmin , Brouwer Susan , Sankoh Serap , Wang Lei , Tamang David , Schmidt Emmett V. , Meyers Michael L. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Shum Elaine , Ordentlich Peter
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

New therapies are needed to treat immune checkpoint inhibitor–resistant non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify biomarkers to personalize treatment. Epigenetic therapies, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, may synergize with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade to overcome resistance. We report outcomes in patients with anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 [PD-(L)1]–resistant/refractory NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab plus entinostat in ENCORE 601.

Patients and Methods:

The expansion cohort of ENCORE 601 included patients with NSCLC who previously experienced disease progression with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The primary endpoint for the phase II expansion cohort is overall response rate (ORR); safety, tolerability, and exploratory endpoints are described.

Results:

Of 76 treated patients, 71 were evaluable for efficacy. immune-regulated RECIST–assessed ORR was 9.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8–18.1], which did not meet the prespecified threshold for positivity. Median duration of response was 10.1 months (95% CI: 3.9–not estimable), progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months was 22%, median PFS was 2.8 months (95% CI: 1.5–4.1), and median overall survival was 11.7 months (95% CI: 7.6–13.4). Benefit was enriched among patients with high levels of circulating classical monocytes at baseline. Baseline tumor PD-L1 expression and IFNγ gene expression were not associated with benefit. Treatment-related grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 41% of patients.

Conclusions:

In anti–PD-(L)1–experienced patients with NSCLC, entinostat plus pembrolizumab did not achieve the primary response rate endpoint but provided a clinically meaningful benefit, with objective response in 9% of patients. No new toxicities, including immune-related adverse events, were seen for either drug. Future studies will continue to evaluate the association of monocyte levels and response.
Abstract IA-15: Metabolic networks in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment
Authors: Lyssiotis Costas A.
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic tumors are dynamic pseudo-organs that contain numerous cell types interacting to create unique physiology. A typical pancreatic tumor is made up largely of stromal fibroblasts and immune cell populations, rather than cancer cells. These non-malignant cells act collaboratively to create a dense fibrotic matrix that blocks cancer cells from accessing nutrients and oxygen by inhibiting vascularization. The cancer cells are thus in a state of near-starvation and must employ unorthodox methods to obtain nutrients to support their bioenergetic and biosynthetic needs. Our group has provided foundational work describing the cell autonomous reprogramming of metabolic processes in the cancer cells to facilitate survival and growth under these challenging circumstances. Beyond cell intrinsic metabolic alterations, pancreatic cancer cells also work cooperatively with non-cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment through the exchange of growth factors, signaling molecules and metabolites. In this seminar, I will describe new work illuminating pathways of metabolic crosstalk among pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor associated macrophages, and malignant pancreatic cancer cells in maintenance of tumor growth, survival and therapeutic resistance.

Citation Format: Costas A. Lyssiotis. Metabolic networks in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-15.
Abstract IA-17: Mechanisms of pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia
Authors: Pryce Benjamin , Ratnam Nivedita , Talbert Erin E. , Dilhoff Mary , Schmidt Carl R. , Wang David J. , Guttridge Denis C.
Published: November 2020

Cachexia is a debilitating syndrome that results in severe, involuntary weight loss due to the depletion of skeletal muscle mass. Currently, no effective therapy exists to combat this malignant disorder. For pancreatic cancer, 85% of patients lose on average 14% of their pre-illness weight, and cachexia dramatically limits their ability to tolerate surgery, chemo- or radiotherapy. New therapies will likely evolve from an enhanced understanding of the mechanisms leading to muscle wasting and tumor development. Our laboratory has been examining the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in tumorigenesis for several decades and that interest led us to discover the connection between NF-κB and muscle wasting in cancer cachexia and more recently in pancreatic cancer. We view the pathway as playing two separate functions in pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia. The first occurs at the level of skeletal muscle, or more preciously in skeletal muscle stem cells. We have found that during cancer progression, skeletal muscle undergoes a type of injury response leading to the activation of resident stem cells to engage in a regeneration program. NF-κB is activated in these stem cells and functions to inhibit regeneration, which contributes to the overall wasting process in cachexia. New data reveal that NF-κB activity in progenitor cells also regulates a local muscle inflammatory environment that might also contribute to skeletal muscle catabolism. The mechanism of this regulation will be discussed in more details. The second function of NF-κB signaling that we are pursuing focuses in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Using orthotopic mouse models of pancreatic cancer, we showed that NF-κB plays a critical role in protecting tumor cells from the surveillance property of anti-tumor macrophages. This occurs through the direct transcriptional regulation of the immunosuppressive cytokine, GDF15. Interestingly, circulating levels of GDF15 are elevated in cachectic patients and recent studies indicate that this cytokine might be an attractive therapeutic target in cancer cachexia. Together, we speculate that NF-κB functions in cancer cachexia by acting in muscle stem cells to block muscle repair, as well as promoting pancreatic cancer through the production of immunosuppressive genes such as GDF15.

Citation Format: Benjamin Pryce, Nivedita Ratnam, Erin E. Talbert, Mary Dilhoff, Carl R. Schmidt, David J. Wang, Denis C. Guttridge. Mechanisms of pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-17.
Abstract PO-017: Targeting NF-kB pathway through IRAK4 renders immune checkpoint blockade effective in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Daoxiang , Somani Vikas , Dodhiawala Paarth B. , Grierson Patrick M. , Li Lin , Seehra Kuljeet , Liu Xiuting , Knolhoff Brett L. , Ruzinova Marianna B. , DeNardo David G. , Lim Kian-Huat
Published: November 2020

Effective immunotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is impeded by multiple barriers in the tumor microenvironment. These include the dense extracellular matrix (ECM), excessive inhibitory myeloid cells, cytokines and chemokines, which collectively incapacitate anti-tumour T cells. Constitutive activation the NF-kB pathway is a mechanism that drives intrinsic survival of PDAC cells and stromal fibrosis, but its impact on anti-tumour immunity has not been investigated. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database, we found that expression of RELA, a canonical NF-kB factor, in PDAC samples is associated with activated stroma and lower cytotoxic T cell signatures. In a PDAC tissue microarray, the staining intensity of activated IRAK4, the innate immune kinase that drives NF-kB signaling, negatively correlates with T cell abundance. Based on these findings, we investigated the immunological impact role of IRAK4 in PDAC. Transcriptomic analysis showed that ablation of IRAK4 in PDAC cells downregulates NF-kB and inflammatory signatures, and markedly decreases transcription of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2). Accordingly, pharmacologic inhibition of IRAK4 significantly decreased intratumoral hyaluronan, as well as collagen, in autochthonous PDAC mice and potentiated standard chemotherapy. Furthermore, IRAK4 inhibition also significantly reduced production of several suppressive chemokines and checkpoint ligands PD-L1 and Nectin2, leading to revitalization of infiltrative CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These effects were partly mediated through reduction of intratumoural hyaluronan, which we recapitulated with HAS inhibitor, 4-MU. Accordingly, combined IRAK4 inhibitors with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) especially anti-CTLA4, were highly efficacious in abrogating tumour growth in autochthonous PDAC mice and doubling their survival. In summary, we showed that targeting the NF-kB pathway through IRAK4 renders ICB effective via multiple mechanisms and should be tested in clinical trials for PDAC patients.

Citation Format: Daoxiang Zhang, Vikas Somani, Paarth B. Dodhiawala, Patrick M. Grierson, Lin Li, Kuljeet Seehra, Xiuting Liu, Brett L. Knolhoff, Marianna B. Ruzinova, David G. DeNardo, Kian-Huat Lim. Targeting NF-kB pathway through IRAK4 renders immune checkpoint blockade effective in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-017.
Abstract PO-021: Targeting glutamine dependencies in pancreatic cancers
Authors: Kimmelman Alec , Encarnacion-Rosado Joel
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. PDAC cells activate a non-canonical glutamine metabolic pathway essential to increase the level of NADPH, an important metabolite for redox balance, promoting tumor growth. Targeting glutamine metabolism using CB-839, a small molecule that targets glutaminase, the first step of glutaminolysis failed in PDAC. CB839 treatment only blocks the carbon utilization of glutamine and not the nitrogen portion which is critical for anabolic processes. We have previously shown that PDAC cells can rewire their metabolism and overcome GLS inhibition within days. We hypothesize that using a glutamine analog, such as 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), which broadly inhibits all of the metabolic reactions that require glutamine, will provide a new therapeutic avenue for PDAC. Here, we investigate the role of DON in PDAC metabolism and progression. DON treatment leads to a profound decrease in proliferation, TCA cycle metabolites, and mitochondrial basal respiration in a panel of PDAC cells. In vivo studies using a syngeneic, orthotopically transplantation model in the pancreas demonstrated a significant decrease in tumor growth. Bulk RNA-seq studies demonstrated a decrease in the transcriptional signature of ECM and hypoxia, which was confirm by histology, suggesting the role of the TME in the response to glutamine blockage. Currently, we are testing the role of this drug and potential mechanisms of resistance using an autochthonous PDAC mouse model.

Citation Format: Alec Kimmelman, Joel Encarnacion-Rosado. Targeting glutamine dependencies in pancreatic cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-021.
Abstract PO-022: Plasma fatty acid levels in treatment-naïve metastatic pancreatic cancer patients are associated with clinical indicators of cachexia
Authors: Gumpper Kristyn , Hart Phil A. , Belury Martha , Crowe Olivia , Cole Rachel M. , Badi Niharika , Hinton Alice , Ramsey Mitchell L. , Noonan Anne , Conwell Darwin L. , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida
Published: November 2020

Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by weight loss and tissue wasting, which is associated with reduced quality of life, responsiveness to chemotherapy, and decreased survival. We aim to determine whether changes in plasma fatty acid content in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC): 1) are predictive of developing cachexia, and 2) whether these changes are influenced by other clinical parameters, like diabetes, that could contribute to malnutrition. Treatment-naïve metastatic PDAC subjects (n=51) were enrolled in NCT01280058 in which plasma samples and clinical data were collected prior to treatment. Subjects were assigned to either weight stable (<5% relative body weight loss, n=26) or “cachectic” (≥5% weight loss, n=25). Plasma fatty acid composition was analyzed via gas chromatography and reported as a percentage of the total identified fatty acids. Oleic (p=0.004) and adrenic acids (p=0.018) were significantly increased in cachectic subjects, regardless of age, sex, or BMI. Docosapentaenoic n-6 acid was more commonly elevated in older cachectic subjects compared to younger subjects (p=0.048). Adrenic acid levels were higher in subjects with cachexia and diabetes compared to subjects without diabetes with cachexia (p=0.0019) or stable weight (p=0.029). Additionally, linoleic acid was lower in subjects with cachexia and diabetes compared to subjects with cachexia and no diabetes (p=0.015) and subjects with stable weight (p=0.017). Area under the receiver operator curves (AUC) showed that oleic acid (AUC=0.726) and adrenic acid (AUC=0.706) are mildly effective at predicting cachexia, and the combination slightly improved the predictive ability (AUC=0.757). Our pilot study identified several plasma fatty acids that are associated with PDAC-associated cachexia, and are influenced by age and diabetes status. Further studies examining how fatty acids contribute to or arise from the development of cachexia may create opportunities for developing effective therapies for cachexia.

Citation Format: Kristyn Gumpper, Phil A. Hart, Martha Belury, Olivia Crowe, Rachel M. Cole, Niharika Badi, Alice Hinton, Mitchell L. Ramsey, Anne Noonan, Darwin L. Conwell, Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate. Plasma fatty acid levels in treatment-naïve metastatic pancreatic cancer patients are associated with clinical indicators of cachexia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-022.
Abstract PO-032: Targeting the KRAS dimerization interface enhances T-cell mediated anti-tumor response in vivo
Authors: Khan Imran , Lefler Julia , Marelia Catherine , Zuberi Mariyam , Denbaum Eric , Koide Akiko , Timmers Cynthia , Ostrowski Michael , Koide Shohei , O’Bryan John
Published: November 2020

RAS is the most frequently mutated human oncogene and about 20% of all human cancers harbor mutations in one of three RAS oncogenes (K, N and H-RAS) with pancreatic cancers harboring RAS mutations in >90% of tumors. Therapeutically targeting RAS has been highly challenging and other than allele specific KRAS (G12C) inhibitors, no direct RAS inhibitor has been approved for clinical trial. However, KRAS (G12C) mutations are less abundant in some cancers like pancreatic cancer, thus there remains an unmet need for inhibitors that target the more common RAS mutants. This demand devising novel strategies to identify new approaches to inhibit RAS. Previously, we developed the H/KRAS-specific monobody called NS1 that allosterically inhibit RAS-mediated signaling by targeting the α4-α5 dimerization interface. When used as a genetically encoded intracellular reagent, NS1 inhibited the growth of H/KRAS-mutant human tumor lines both in vitro and in xenograft tumor models. However, these tumor models lack a functional immune system. Here, we evaluated the potency of targeting KRAS dimerization interface with NS1 in an immune-competent murine model of pancreatic cancer. Although human and murine KRAS differ by a single amino acid [Asp (D) to Glu (E)] at position 132 in the NS1 binding region of the allosteric lobe, NS1 bound similarly to human and murine KRAS both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, NS1 expression inhibited ERK-MAPK activation, proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of engineered KPC cells derived from pancreatic tumor in the KPC genetic mouse model. Finally, when these engineered KPC cells were injected orthotopically in immune-competent C57/B6 mice, we observed a dramatic decrease in tumor growth kinetics and tumor burden in NS1 expressing cohorts. Similarly, NS1 expression resulted in decreased ERK-MAPK activation and increased apoptosis. NS1 expressing tumors were characterized by increased infiltration of helper CD4+ T cells and macrophage. Thus, inhibition of mutant KRAS by NS1 results in an enhanced anti-tumor immune response in a syngeneic model for pancreatic cancer. These results establish that targeting α4-α5 dimerization interface of RAS can be a viable therapeutic option for targeting KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer.

Citation Format: Imran Khan, Julia Lefler, Catherine Marelia, Mariyam Zuberi, Eric Denbaum, Akiko Koide, Cynthia Timmers, Michael Ostrowski, Shohei Koide, John O’Bryan. Targeting the KRAS dimerization interface enhances T-cell mediated anti-tumor response in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-032.
Abstract PO-036: Defining the role of chromatin remodelers in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ferguson Lesley Paige , Gatchalian Jovylyn , Lytle Nikki , Rajbhandari Nirakar , McDermott Matthew , Chambers Kendall , Rosenthal Sara Brin , Schuerch Christian , Zlobec Inti , Wartenberg Marten , Diamantis Eva , Galván José A. , Albini Sonia , Puri Lorenzo , Bruneau Benoit , Lowy Andrew M. , Hargreaves Diana , Reya Tannishtha
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease characterized by aggressive metastasis and resistance to therapy, making clinical management a significant challenge. We have focused on understanding how pancreatic cancer may be influenced by developmental and stem cell signals as they are often aberrantly re-activated during cancer progression. Given the central role for epigenetic regulation in development, we hypothesized that epigenetic factors may be required to sustain the self-renewal and aggressive nature of pancreatic cancer cells. To this end, we carried out a functional screen and identified Smarcd3, a component of the SWI/SNF (Baf) nucleosome remodeling complex, as a novel functional dependency in PDAC. SWI/SNF coordinates context-specific gene regulation in development and is frequently dysregulated in cancer. However, Smarcd3 has not been linked to functions in PDAC and represents a new epigenetic mediator of tumorigenesis. We found that Smarcd3 was uniquely up-regulated in PDAC stem cells and was required for the in vivo propagation of mouse and patient-derived tumors. Further using integrated RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and network analysis we found that Smarcd3 regulates global SWI/SNF binding and histone acetylation, driving the epigenetic regulation of core cell fate and metabolic programs. Specifically, we found that Smarcd3 regulated genes converging on the mevalonate pathway and ultimately cholesterol biosynthesis, which has been directly implicated in stem signaling in PDAC. Collectively, these data identify Smarcd3 as a critical novel dependency and epigenetic regulator of pancreatic cancer metabolism.

Citation Format: Lesley Paige Ferguson, Jovylyn Gatchalian, Nikki Lytle, Nirakar Rajbhandari, Matthew McDermott, Kendall Chambers, Sara Brin Rosenthal, Christian Schuerch, Inti Zlobec, Marten Wartenberg, Eva Diamantis, José A. Galván, Sonia Albini, Lorenzo Puri, Benoit Bruneau, Andrew M. Lowy, Diana Hargreaves, Tannishtha Reya. Defining the role of chromatin remodelers in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-036.
Adherence to Immunization: Rebuttal of Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Etzioni-Friedman Tamar , Etzioni Amos
Published: November 2020

Immunizations have been saving the lives of millions of people since they were first used by Edward Jenner in 1796, and new vaccines are being developed all the time. Hopefully, a new vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will be developed in the near future, and perhaps even one for human immunodeficiency virus. Although the effectiveness of vaccinations has been proven over the years and adverse effects to currently available vaccinations are extremely rare, many people continue to defer immunizations for themselves and their families. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), this phenomenon, known as “vaccine hesitancy,” is a major public health problem globally. This review summarizes the unproven adverse effects of various vaccines and stresses the importance of enforcing vaccination policies to minimize vaccine hesitancy. Every effort should be made to improve existing vaccines and to produce new ones, according to carefully designed scientific preclinical and clinical trials. This is particularly important in today’s era, in light of the global transparency regarding vaccination development, and the potential for future pandemics such as COVID-19.
Sun Yuqi e Sérgio Capparelli: história de uma tradução
Authors: Cabrini Júnior Paulo de Tarso
Published: November 2020

Relato sentimental de uma leitura dos Poemas Clássicos Chineses, tradução de Sérgio Capparelli e Sun Yuqi. Lançado em 2012, pela editora L&PM de Porto Alegre, Brasil. O livro contém uma tradução de três poetas máximos da Literatura Chinesa, a saber: Li Bai, Du Fu e Wang Wei (todos eles da dinastia Tang, séc. VIII d. C.). O livro dos tradutores brasileiros será tratado com múltiplas referências ao clássico de Lao Tzu (老子), o Tao Te Ching (道德經, séc. VI a.C.), e ao poema do escritor português Camilo Pessanha (1867-1926), “Ao longe os barcos de flores” (1899).
Poesia Clássica Chinesa – Dinastia Tang: princípios e roteiro de uma antologia em português
Authors: Portugal Ricardo Primo
Published: November 2020

Exposição dos princípios que orientaram a preparação e as traduções do livro Antologia da Poesia Chinesa – Dinastia Tang, no prelo, com descrição dos aspectos estruturais da poesia clássica chinesa, a partir de poemas de Du Fu e Li Bai, desenvolvendo os conceitos de paralelismo, harmonização sonora/aliteração, tradução-recriação, tradução estrangeirizante e outros, com base em aportes teóricos de Walter Benjamin, Roman Jakobson, Haroldo de Campos, François Cheng e outros autores.
Traduzir a poesia brasileira
Authors: Xudong Hu
Published: November 2020

É constrangedor confessar, mas antes de eu ir ao Brasil em 2003, ignorava por completo a riqueza da poesia modernista desse grande país. Na realidade, eu não era o único. O desconhecimento total da poesia brasileira entre os poetas contemporâneos chineses ainda é uma situação comum. Antes de eu deixar o Brasil em 2005, além de Vinícius de Moraes, eu também havia traduzido alguns poemas de Manuel Bandeira, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Mário Quintana, Paulo Leminski, Ana Cristina César. Contudo, logo descobri minha meta de tradução: João Cabral de Melo Neto, mestre da poesia modernista brasileira.
Poemas chineses
Authors: Marsicano Alberto , Chih Chiu Yi , Si-Yuan Chiu
Published: November 2020

Apresentamos aqui três versões de dois poemas de Li Po. Durante o trabalho, deparamo-nos com a delicada tarefa de transpor a estrutura sintética dos poemas, o que nos levou à extrema concisão no processo de tradução. A visualidade ideogrâmica e a riqueza imagética da poesia chinesa foram aspectos fundamentais que exigiram bastante cuidado de nossa parte, incluindo o próprio universo cifrado e simbólico dos poemas.
Oito Poemas de 杜甫 Du Fu
Authors: Abreu António Graça de
Published: November 2020

Traduzir Du Fu é tarefa impossível. Mas porque é impossível, as traduções acontecem. O poeta chinês burilava de tal modo o correr dos versos, a construção do poema é tão complexa, com permanentes jogos de palavras, alusões literárias, rimas internas e ritmos surpreendentes que muitos dos maiores tradutores para língua inglesa e francesa não têm tido coragem para se aventurar na engenhosa tarefa de o traduzir. Que Du Fu me perdõe a ousadia de tentar verter alguma da sua poesia para a língua de Camões e Pessoa.
Lu Xun e a anatomia de um povo
Authors: Schmaltz Márcia
Published: November 2020

A leitura de Lu Xun é um passo para a compreensão da inteligentsia chinesa. A sua leitura ajuda a entender as duas primeiras décadas do século XX, época de transição chinesa do regime monárquico para o republicano anterior a 1949. A prosa ficcional do Autor é um retrato de um período atribulado, de contradição, de mudança de costumes e de modernização. Para a leitura de Lu Xun, porém, faz-se necessário uma retrospectiva histórica em algumas linhas para situar o leitor.
A recepção das obras de Jorge Amado na China
Authors: Jianbo Zhang
Published: November 2020

Na literatura brasileira, e também na literatura traduzida na China, Jorge Amado (1912-2001) é uma das referências obrigatórias. O autor escreveu mais de 30 livros ao longo de 70 anos, tendo tido 15 de seus títulos traduzidos para o chinês. Foi o primeiro escritor brasileiro a ser publicado em chinês, após a fundação da República Popular da China, em 1949. Com tantas obras traduzidas, Jorge Amado passou a ser muito “amado” pelos chineses. E é ainda hoje o escritor brasileiro mais traduzido e, por conseguinte, a figura mais importante na difusão da cultura brasileira na China. No entanto, a tradução das obras de Jorge Amado na China não foi determinada primeiramente por uma ótica literária, mas sim política e ideológica. Na qualidade de membro do Partido Comunista do Brasil, as causas defendidas nas obras do escritor brasileiro eram aplaudidas pelo jovem governo comunista chinês nos anos 1950, quando Jorge Amado foi apresentado aos chineses como “lutador da paz”, em vez de escritor. Devido à realidade sócio-histórica e cultural na China, a tradução de suas obras não foi contínua. Ela ocorreu basicamente em dois momentos significativos: na primeira metade dos anos 1950 e nos anos 1980, o que será apresentado neste artigo. Do ponto de vista literário, no entanto, essa segunda fase de tradução, na década de 1980, é a mais importante, uma vez que a ideologia política deixou de ser o critério principal na tradução de escritores estrangeiros na China, e assim o charme singular das obras de Jorge Amado tornou-se o “passaporte” para sua entrada na China.
A anunciação da morte do herói
Authors: Bonadio Italia
Published: November 2020

Este estudo se propõe a fazer a tradução e a análise do poema Xuāngào (宣告) escrito pelo poeta Bei Dao no final do século XX. A ideia é tornar possível a leitura de um complexo e belo poema chinês para os falantes de Língua Portuguesa e também desmistificar a cultura chinesa como pacífica ou alienada. Através da arte busca-se entender como funciona o pensamento de um povo não para classificá-lo como exótico, mas para perceber que acima de tudo é humano.
A flor mais linda do mundo
Authors: Shan Fan
Published: November 2020

Normalmente lemos histórias de amor entre uma mulher e um homem, entre um leão e uma leoa, mas esta é uma história fora do habitual. Normalmente os pássaros não costumam apaixonar-se por flores. Aqui reside a originalidade desta história, que é realmente muito especial, diferente, sentimental. Triste e linda.
Entrevista com Li Changsen
Authors: Escaleira Maria de Lurdes Nogueira
Published: November 2020

Li Changsen (James Li) nasceu na Província de Jilin, nordeste da China, lincenciou-se em Estudo da Língua e Cultura Portuguesas pela Universidade de Comunicação da China e doutorou-se em História Chinesa pela Universidade de Jinan. Ao longo dos mais de quarenta anos, tem-se dedicado a atividades nas áreas do jornalismo, tradução e interpretação, ensino de mandarim e de português e à investigação em linguística, tradutologia, macaologia, comunicação social, história do intercâmbio das culturas sino-ocidentais e estudos comparativos das línguas chinesa e portuguesa.
Contributo da adjetivação na construção da identidade macaense – estudo da obra Curiosidade de Macau Antiga de Luís Gonzaga Gomes
Authors: Lili Han
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo visa explorar, à luz da teoria da avaliatividade, os enunciados atitudinais de Luís Gonzaga Gomes em Curiosidade de Macau Antiga, através da análise da sua adjetivação para as diferentes comunidades chinesas, portuguesas e estrangeiras. A partir da análise das três vertentes (o afeto, o julgamento e a apreciação) da atitude do autor, constata-se que o emprego de adjetivos revela a tentativa do autor de procurar os traços identitários macaenses, contribuindo evidentemente para estabelecer algumas regras de conduta e referências para a construção da identidade macaense.
Alberto Marsicano
Authors: Milton John
Published: November 2020

"Eu adorava tomar uma cerveja com Marsicano e escutar suas experiências mirabolantes. Ele não está mais conosco, mas sua wit de raconteur pode ser vista nas Crônicas Marsicanas (L&PM 2007) e também na entrevista que ele deu ao programa da TV Cultura, Provocações, em 2012."Homenagem de John Milton ao músico, tradutor, poeta e raconteur Alberto Marsicano.
Os epigramas de Marcial e seus ritmos em português
Authors: Cairolli Fabio Paifer
Published: November 2020

O artigo propõe um modelo de tradução poética dos epigramas de Marcial, contemplando a especificidade rítmica da obra latina com metros portugueses, quer recolhidos na tradição vernácula, quer criados especificamente para expressar características do original que se desejava manter no idioma de chegada. Seguir-se-á à exposição destes critérios da coletânea com poemas traduzidos em cada um dos metros propostos.
Association Between Hospital Debriefing Practices With Adherence to Resuscitation Process Measures and Outcomes for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Malik Ali O. , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Trumpower Brad , Kennedy Marci , Krein Sarah L. , Chinnakondepalli Khaja M. , Hejjaji Vittal , Chan Paul S.
Published: November 2020

Background

Identifying actionable resuscitation practices that vary across hospitals could improve adherence to process measures or outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). We sought to examine whether hospital debriefing frequency after IHCA varies across hospitals and whether hospitals which routinely perform debriefing have higher rates of process-of-care compliance or survival.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide survey of hospital resuscitation practices in April of 2018, which were then linked to data from the Get With The Guidelines–Resuscitation national registry for IHCA. Hospitals were categorized according to their reported frequency of debriefing immediately after IHCA; rarely (0%–20% of all IHCA cases), occasionally (21%–80%), and frequently (81%–100%). Hospital-level rates of timely defibrillation (≤2 minutes), epinephrine administration (≤5 minutes), survival to discharge, return of spontaneous circulation, and neurologically intact survival were comparted for patients with IHCA from 2015 to 2017.

Results

Overall, there were 193 hospitals comprising 44 477 IHCA events. Mean patient age was 65±16, 41% were females, and 68% were of White race. Across hospitals, 84 (43.5%) rarely performed debriefings immediately after an IHCA, 82 (42.5%) performed debriefing sessions occasionally, and 27 (14.0%) performed debriefing frequently. There was no association between higher reported debriefing frequency and hospital rates of timely defibrillation and epinephrine administration. Mean hospital rates of risk-standardized survival to discharge were similar across debriefing frequency groups (rarely 25.6%; occasionally 26.0%; frequently 25.2%,
P
=0.72), as were hospital rates of risk-adjusted return of spontaneous circulation (rarely 72.2%; occasionally 73.0%; frequently 70.0%,
P
=0.06) and neurologically intact survival (rarely 21.9%, occasionally 22.2%, frequently 21.1%,
P
=0.75).

Conclusions

In a large contemporary nationwide quality improvement registry, hospitals varied widely in how often they conducted debriefings immediately after IHCA. However, hospital debriefing frequency was not associated with better adherence to timely delivery of epinephrine or defibrillation or higher rates of IHCA survival.
A Response to Joseph M. Lear, ‘Liturgy with Ruth: Immigration and the Problem of Anti-Eucharist’
Authors: Casarez Tommy
Published: November 2020

In this response to Joseph Lear, Tommy Casarez praises Lear’s use of the phrase, ‘anti-eucharist’, and his claim that we live in an anti-eucharist culture, or something akin to Madonna’s material world. Noting the significance of food and common meals in Scripture, Casarez points out that Ruth is not only and not primarily a recipient but also a contributor. Lear is commended for his description of a space-making ethic, with the eucharist serving as a space-making event that essentially defines the shape and character of the Christian way of life.
Towards a Pentecostal, Postcolonial Reading of the New Testament
Authors: Low U-Wen
Published: November 2020

Although both Pentecostalism and postcolonial thought seem to stand poles apart, they have a remarkable amount in common. Early Pentecostal revivals largely sprang from ‘subaltern groups’, people groups marginalized by colonial power and dominant groups. Bringing together Pentecostalism and postcolonial thought is a complex task, but one that promises to yield positive results. Exploring the text through the twin lenses of postcolonial thought and the distinctive Pentecostal emphasis on pneumatology results in a fresh hermeneutical perspective: that the Holy Spirit might be understood as a postcolonial agent of change that empowers those who have experienced the baptism of the Holy Spirit to resist dominant structures of oppression. The New Testament text can therefore be understood as a ‘hidden transcript’, a disguised work of resistance composed by subaltern groups against dominance and oppression. This article therefore seeks to explore the theoretical underpinnings of a ‘Pentecostal, postcolonial reading’ of the New Testament.
Glory beyond the Camp
Authors: Redick Caroline R.
Published: November 2020

This article investigates whether the charismatic renewal’s Via Spiritus, with its emphasis on festival, joy, and divine empowerment, has eclipsed the Via Crucis, with its somatic pedagogy of suffering and renunciation. It explores this dynamic by contrasting two practices: the medieval Catholic pilgrimage and charismatic revival-seeking. Through exploring the overlaps between these two practices, the revival is interpreted as a liminal journey, a festival of grace, and a ritual of renunciation. At the same time, contrasting the penitential ritual of pilgrimage and revivals reveals a deficit of repentance in charismatic practice and theology.
Mission in the Middle
Authors: Álvarez Miguel
Published: November 2020

Miguel Álvarez, a native of Honduras, explores how mission theology and the contextual implementation of Missio Dei is impacted by Latino hermeneutics. As a foundation, the article compares the North American and Latin American approaches to missiology. It shows how mission as an act of benevolence in the practice of faith differs from mission as a total commitment to the gospel in the execution of the Great Commission. Álvarez contends that because of their context of service, Latinos interpret God’s mission based on a paradigm that favors the poor and disenfranchised of society, and he argues that the ministry of Jesus Christ followed the same paradigm. This Latino perspective on mission helps to explain the current revival that is taken place in the Global South today.
Herd Agency
Authors: Bumochir Dulam , Ichinkhorloo Byambabaatar , Ahearn Ariell
Published: November 2020

In this article, we draw upon ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Mongolia and China to develop understandings of herd–herder (mal–malchin) relations further. We focus primarily on horse-herding practices and related divisions of labour, and the three concepts of herd intuition (zön), serenity (taa) and fortune (buyan, khishig, zaya), to present additional interpretations of human–animal relations in Mongolia. Through this exploration, we develop the concept of herd agency and examine how it relates to specific horse-herding knowledge and techniques, as well as the cosmological significance of human–animal relations. All three concepts reveal the importance of cosmological agents with herd–herder relations. We conclude by emphasising the changing nature and politics of human–animal relations in these regions.
Property Relations of Mongolian Women during the Qing Period
Authors: Chuluunbaatar Udaanjargal , Rogers Leland Liu
Published: November 2020

This study considers the historical importance of the dowry, or inǰe, in outer Mongolia during the Qing period (1636–1911), focusing on the developments of the legal system towards women’s rights over their dowry using archival legal case documents from the Mongolian archives. Previous studies argue that the dowry system was of little importance among the steppe populations; however, the Mongolian archival documents make it clear that the dowry played a very important role in society for establishing prestige and for acquisition of property for families during the Qing period. They also show that the courts in Mongolia consistently ruled in favour of women, particularly in the case of their ownership and compensation for dowry livestock during divorce cases, including livestock born from dowry livestock, demonstrating that pre-modern Mongol women were considered autonomous social agents with distinct personal rights, and not thought of as property.
Re-reading Armenian Modernity in Madt‘ēos Mamurian’s English Letters
Authors: Aktokmakyan Maral
Published: November 2020

This article moves to examine Madt‘ēos Mamurian’s English Letters or the Destiny of an Armenian alongside issues of national consciousness and the modern political subject. Focusing on the narrative style and structure that allowed the author to problematize and cultivate the idea of reawakening the Armenian nation and individual as a political animal, the article claims to bring in the notion of the strange, stranger and the uncanny, as the operating tools in Mamurian’s engagement with the modern in a late nineteenth century Ottoman-Armenian context.
Medieval contexts and modern realities of a Genocide-survivor artwork
Authors: Grigoryan Savary Gohar
Published: November 2020

This article is a critical review of Heghnar Watenpaugh’s monograph The Missing Pages, which traces the history of the thirteenth-century Zeytun Gospels from its creation to the 2010s, when several of the manuscript’s illustrated folios became subject to a restitution claim through a lawsuit filed by the Armenian Church against the Getty Museum. It highlights the importance of Watenpaugh’s publication on assembling and clarifying the impressive itinerary of the Zeytun Gospels, the manuscript’s sociocultural functions, as well as the historiographic research on Cilician miniature painting conducted by the author in the framework of this book. In the present article, several issues raised in the book are critically explored from different angles, expressing a partial or significant difference of opinion when it comes to some of the interpretations and contextualizations proposed by Watenpaugh. These include: Watenpaugh’s nonexhaustive consideration of the Zeytun Gospels’ colophons, which stand as the most authentic documentations on the manuscript’s history prior to the twentieth century; her tracing of parallel examples of artifacts that survived the Genocide based not on scholarly research but on popular narratives (and on contemporary literary writings); the discussion of bilingual coins minted by the Armenian king Hetum I and the Seljuk sultan Kaykhusraw II as cases of “complex identities of the period”, without delving into these complexities, and, thus, not doing justice to the nuances of the medieval context of their rule; some aspects of the history of scholarship on Cilician miniature painting; and the way Watenpaugh presents two of the most prominent historians of Armenian art, Sirarpie Der Nersessian and Karekin Hovsepian, and their attitudes toward the ownership and acquisition of Armenian cultural heritage by western art institutions, which appear to be less than balanced in The Missing Pages. Finally, some reflections on contemporary exhibition practices of survivor artifacts, whose current locations of preservation are often a consequence of (cultural) genocide and dubious acquisition practices, require clearer and more in-depth presentation, at least as far as the exhibition history of the Zeytun Gospels and its separated folios is concerned.
Creedal Controversies among Armenians in the Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Empire
Authors: Ohanjanyan Anna
Published: November 2020

In the late seventeenth century along the lines of European confession-building and Ottoman sunnitization, the Armenian Apostolic Church initiated the reshaping of its orthodoxy in the face of growing Tridentine Catholicism. Through the contextualization of the polemical writing attributed to the famed Constantinopolitan Armenian erudite Eremia Čʻēlēpi Kʻēōmiwrčean, this article discusses the ways of detecting “bad innovations” in the doctrine and practice of Armenian communities in the Ottoman realms, and the doctrinal instruments used for enforcing “pure faith” towards social disciplining of the Apostolic Armenians.
Machima itatiaia sp. nov.: a new species of lichen-mimic katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: ANTUNES ANDRÉ FONSECA , TAKIYA DANIELA MAEDA
Published: November 2020

The Brazilian genus Machima Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 includes three valid species: M. paranensis Rehn, 1950 and M. scalprum Rehn, 1950 distributed on Southern and M. phyllacantha (Burmeister, 1838) from Northeastern Brazil. Herein we analyzed eleven male specimens of Machima from Parque Nacional de Itatiaia and propose a new species. Machima itatiaia sp. nov. is characterized by its main lobe of the cercus curving abruptly on apical two-thirds and accessory lobe as long as wide. The new species is the first record of the genus from Southeastern Brazil. Finally, we also present a key to species of Machima based on males.