bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are variations in ventricular catheter placement related to design of the catheter? A single-center cohort study
Authors: Harland Emily , Oh Justin , Protas Matthew , Krishnamurthy Satish
Published: October 2024

Background:

The use of intracranial catheters is a common procedure used for neurosurgical patients with a variety of pathologies. Despite its frequency of use, shunt failure and revision have been reported to be a common problem. Given that depth of insertion can significantly affect the catheter tip position, a single institution retrospective chart review was performed to examine the accuracy of shunt and external ventricular drain (EVD) placement.

Methods:

Computed tomography (CT) images of the head following shunt or ventriculostomy insertion were analyzed to determine the delta between the final length of the intracranial catheter and the intended depth described in the operative notes.

Results:

We found that there was a statistically significant difference in the accuracy of placement when comparing EVDs to shunts. The most used EVDs at our institution are marked with a solid black line in increments spaced 2 cm apart. The most used ventricular shunt catheter has a marking at 5 cm and 10 cm from the tip of the catheter. We believe that the visual confirmation that is afforded by metric unit markings on the EVD allows for better final placement of the catheter at the outer table of the calvarium.

Conclusion:

The addition of regular millimeter metric unit markings by the manufacturer is imperative in decreasing the chances of error in the insertion of ventricular catheters and preventing potential neurovascular injury to the surrounding structures.
Wrapping method for better fat handling in endoscopic trans-sphenoidal surgery
Authors: Matano Fumihiro , Tahara Shigeyuki , Hattori Yujiro , Nounaka Yohei , Isayama Koshiro , Teramoto Akira , Morita Akio
Published: October 2024

Background:

Fat is commonly used for preventing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS). However, fat is soft, slippery, and sometimes not easy to handle. The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of our Surgicel® wrapping method, which allows for better fat handling, in preventing the occurrence of CSF leakage among patients undergoing ETSS.

Methods:

We used fat tissues removed from the abdomen. The fat was cut with scissors into pieces that were approximately 5 mm in size. Surgicel® was also cut into 2.5 cm2. The fat tissues were encased with these Surgicel® squares and slightly moistened with a saline solution.

Results:

Between January 2023 and August 2024, 34 patients aged 18–86 years (average 54.9 years) underwent ETSS. Among these patients, 20 had pituitary tumors, 6 had Rathke’s cysts, and 8 had other conditions. None of the patients had CSF leakage postoperatively. The use of Surgicel®-wrapped fat during ETSS is better than the use of fat alone.

Conclusion:

The Surgicel® wrapping method allows for better fat handling during ETSS.
Frictional forces in stent retriever procedures: The impact of vessel diameter, angulation, and deployment position
Authors: Tsuto Kazuma , Takeuchi Masataka , Shimizu Yu , Matsumoto Takashi , Iwabuchi Satoshi
Published: October 2024

Background:

Mechanical thrombectomy has improved the outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke, but complications such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can worsen the prognosis. This study investigates the frictional forces exerted by stent retrievers (SRs) on vessel walls, hypothesizing that these forces contribute to vascular stress and a risk of hemorrhage. We aimed to understand how vessel diameter, curvature, and stent deployment position influence these forces.

Methods:

Using a silicone vascular model simulating the middle cerebral artery, we created virtual vessels with diameters of 2.0 mm and 2.5 mm, each with branching angles of 60° and 120°. A Trevo NXT (4 × 28 mm) SR was deployed and retracted through these models, measuring the maximum static frictional force at the moment the SR began to move. The stent deployment position relative to the curvature (straight, distal 1/4, center, and proximal 1/4) was also varied to assess its impact on frictional forces. Each condition was tested 15 times, and the results were statistically analyzed.

Results:

The highest frictional force was observed in the 2.0 mm/120° model, followed by the 2.0 mm/60°, 2.5 mm/120°, and 2.5 mm/60° models. Narrower and more sharply curved vessels exhibited significantly higher frictional forces. Friction also increased with more distal stent deployment, particularly in the narrower vessels.

Conclusion:

Smaller vessel diameters, greater curvature, and more distal stent deployment positions increase frictional forces during thrombectomy, potentially leading to SAH. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriately sized SRs and considering stent deployment positions to minimize vascular stress.
НАСТАВНИЧЕСТВО КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КРОСС-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЦИФРОВЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СМЕШАННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ
Authors: О.Б. Ганпанцурова , А.А. Гречухина
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена вопросу определения наставничества как важнейшего фактора в процессе формирования кросс-функциональных цифровых компетенций личности, а также определению дефиниции «кросс-функциональные цифровые компетенции» и основных принципов наставничества. Во введении отмечается актуальность и проблематики теоретического исследования, заключающаяся во влиянии искусственного интеллекта и глобальной цифровизации всех сфер жизнедеятельности человека на формирование личностно-профессиональных особенностей, и на появление абсолютно новых вызовов для профессиональной педагогики и психологии наставничества. В основном содержании статьи приведен теоретический анализ современных представлений о наставничестве в системе смешанного обучения как одного из факторов формирования кросс-функциональных компетенций личности. Целью теоретического анализа, осуществленного в данном исследовании выступила попытка построения уровневого подхода к практике формирования кросс-функциональных цифровых компетенций специалистов различных профессиональных направлений, а также формулировка базовых педагогических принципов, и принципов наставничества в системе смешанного обучения. В заключении отмечено, что кросс-функциональные цифровые компетенции – это «новая этика и культура», каскадно формирующаяся система ценностей, установок, норм и правил поведения в современных реалиях, которую поддерживает, транслирует и помогает интериоризировать профессионалу институт наставничества.

The article is devoted to the issue of defining mentoring as the most important factor in the process of developing cross-functional digital competencies of an individual, as well as defining the definition of “cross-functional digital competencies” and the basic principles of mentoring. The introduction notes the relevance and problems of theoretical research, which consists in the influence of artificial intelligence and global digitalization of all spheres of human activity on the formation of personal and professional characteristics, and the emergence of completely new challenges for professional pedagogy and mentoring psychology. The main content of the article provides a theoretical analysis of modern ideas about mentoring in the blended learning system as one of the factors in the formation of cross-functional competencies of an individual. The purpose of the theoretical analysis carried out in this study was an attempt to build a level approach to the practice of forming cross-functional digital competencies of specialists in various professional fields, as well as the formulation of basic pedagogical principles and principles of mentoring in the blended learning system. In conclusion, it is noted that cross-functional digital competencies are “new ethics and culture”, a cascade-forming system of values, attitudes, norms and rules of behavior in modern realities, which the mentoring institute supports, transmits and helps to internalize for a professional.
Использование технологий педагогического дизайна в условиях цифровизации образования
Authors: Н.А. Воробьева , С.В. Обоева , М.И. Бернадинер
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются подходы к цифровизации образования с точки зрения проектирования образовательных технологий, в основе которых лежит модель педа гогического дизайна. Особое внимание в статье уделено созданию цифровых образовательных сред в контексте педагогического дизайна.

The article considers approaches to digitalization of education from the point of view of designing educational technologies based on the model of pedagogical design. Special attention is paid to the creation of digital educational environments in the context of pedagogical design.
Использование стратегий геймификации для мотивации школьников обучению информатике
Authors: А.Г. Сиденко
Published: October 2024

В статье обсуждается использование стратегий геймификации для мотивации школьников обучению информатике. Оценивается влияние, которое оказывает применение элементов технологии геймификации в организации процесса обучения школьников программированию.

The article discusses the use of gamification strategies to motivate students to learn computer science. The influence of the use of elements of the teimification technology in the organization of the process of teaching students programming is estimated.
Политическое сознание гражданина древнегреческого полиса
Authors: А.В. Львов
Published: October 2024

Основным мерилом для античного гражданина была степень его участия в политической жизни своего полиса, а связь между человеком — гражданином, коллективом граждан и полисом была особенно тесной. В свете этого целью данной статьи является попытка рассмотрения особенностей формирования и развития политического сознания античного человека, соотношения его политического сознания с реальным поведением.

The main criterion for the ancient citizen was the degree of his participation in the political life of their polis and the relationship between a man-citizen, a group of citizens and the polis was especially close. In light of this the purpose of this article is to attempt to consider the formation and development of the political consciousness of the ancient man, the relationship of the political consciousness with real behavior.
Развитие административных функций территориальных органов юстиции в современной России
Authors: Н.В. Антонова , А.В. Ким
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются управленческие функции территориальных органов юстиции в динамике развития общественных отношений на современном этапе. Показана реализация контрольных полномочий этих органов на объект регулирования в деятельности некоммерческих организаций, нотариата, адвокатуры и субъектов регионального нормотворчества. Обозначены ограничения, создающие препятствия в принятии властных решений территориальными органами юстиции.

The article considers the administrative functions of the territorial bodies of justice in the dynamics of the development of social relations at the present stage. The implementation of the supervisory powers of these bodies on the object of regulation in the activities of non-profit organizations, notaries, advocacy and subjects of regional rule-making is shown. The limitations are designated that create obstacles in taking power decisions by the territorial bodies of justice.
Роль Европейского суда справедливости в установлении общеевропейского стандарта защиты основных прав человека
Authors: А.Ю. Ключников
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены отдельные вопросы становления в Европейском союзе института защиты прав человека и основных свобод, его превращения в одну из основ функционирования наднациональной организации. Автором делаются выводы о соотношении наднациональной и национальной конституционно-правовой компетенции в рассматриваемой сфере. Изучены особенности комплексного воздействия двух наднациональных судов — Суда ЕС и Европейского суда по правам человека — на область защиты прав человека в Европейском союзе.

The article deals with some issues of the establishment of the Institute for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the European Union, its transformation into one of the foundations of a supranational organization functioning . The author draws conclusions about the relationship between supranational and national constitutional and legal competence in this area. The features of the complex impact of two supranational courts such as the EU Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights on the area of protection of human rights in the European Union were studied.
Сущность и особенности субкультуры осужденных к лишению свободы
Authors: Л.Б. Смирнов , Е.Д. Проценко
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию проблематики субкультуры мест лишения свободы, особенностей субкультурных взаимоотношений осужденных. Анализируются элементы субкультуры, сложившейся в пенитенциарных учреждениях: неформальная стратификация, нормы, татуировки, жаргон.

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of the subculture of institutions of confinement, the features of subcultural relations of convicts. The elements of the subculture that has developed in the penitentiary institutions are analyzed such as informal stratification, norms, tattoos, jargon.
Субъект преступления «Неоднократное нарушение установленного порядка организации либо проведения собрания, митинга, демонстрации, шествия или пикетирования»
Authors: А.И. Воеводина
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена проблематике субъекта преступления, совершенного в виде неоднократного нарушения установленного порядка организации либо проведения собрания, митинга, демонстрации, шествия или пикетирования, особенностям его установления при квалификации преступления, а также тем специфическим чертам, которые дополняют данный элемент состава преступления.

The article is devoted to the subject of the crime of repeated violation of the established procedure for organizing or holding a meeting, rally, demonstration, procession or picketing, the specifics of its establishment when qualifying a crime, as well as those specific features that complement this element of crime.
Типология факторов, повлиявших на византийское правосознание
Authors: А.И. Смирнов
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается правовое сознание Византийской империи с точки зрения причин, обусловивших его формирование. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам влияния христианства на правосознание византийского общества. Автором предпринята попытка типологизировать факторы, оказавшие влияние на византийское правосознание.

The article considers the legal consciousness of the Byzantine Empire in terms of the reasons for its formation. A special attention is paid to the influence of Christianity on the legal consciousness of Byzantine society. The author made an attempt to systematize the factors that influenced the Byzantine sense of justice.
Социокультурная сущность источников права в традиционном казахском обществе и вопросы плюрализма обычного права
Authors: К.Н. Дауталиев
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются источники права традиционного казахского общества анализируется социокультурная сущность источников традиционного казахского права определяется место и роль источников обычного права казахов в системе социальных нормативов плюрализм обычного права подвергается ревизии с учетом кочевого быта и интеркоммуникативных факторов.

The article highlights the sources of law of the traditional kazakh society the social and cultural essence of sources of traditional kazakh law is analyzed the place and role of kazakh common law sources in the system of social standards are determined common law pluralism is subject to revision, taking into account nomadic life and intercommunicative factors.
Правовые аспекты идентификации и индивидуализации биомедицинских клеточных продуктов
Authors: Е.А. Шарковская
Published: October 2024

В статье автор исследует идентификацию и индивидуализацию биомедицинских клеточных продуктов как условия их успешного обращения на рынке. Идентификация, необходимая для регистрационных процедур и применения к пациентам, подразделяется на родовую и видовую, а в состав процедуры индивидуализации, которая служит цели коммерческого распространения клеточного продукта, включены торговое наименование, товарный знак и реклама. На основании анализа действующих нормативных актов и зарубежного опыта сформулирован вывод о фрагментарности правового регулирования идентификации и индивидуализации, выделены возникающие по этой причине проблемы, предложены пути их решения.

In the article the author examines the identification and individualization of biomedical cell products as the conditions for their successful circulation in the market. The identification necessary for registration procedures and application to patients is divided into generic and specific and the individualization, which serves the purpose of commercial distribution of the cellular product, includes the trade name, trademark and advertising. Based on the analysis of existing regulations and foreign experience a conclusion is made about the fragmentation of the legal regulation of identification and individualization, the problems that arise for this reason are highlighted and ways to solve them are proposed.
Проблемы систематизации законодательства Российской империи о нотариате
Authors: М.Р. Атоян
Published: October 2024

В статье проанализированы проблемные вопросы систематизации нотариального законодательства в Российской империи. Проанализировано Временное положение о нотариальной части 1866 года. Раскрыты особенности данного нормативного правового акта. Рассмотрена попытка реформирования законодательства о нотариате, предпринятая в начале ХХ века. Сделан вывод о незавершенном характере систематизации дореволюционного нотариального законодательства.

The article analyzes the problematic issues of the systematization of notarial legislation in the Russian Empire. The Provisional Regulation on the notarial part of 1866 is analyzed. The features of this normative legal act are disclosed. An attempt to reform the legislation on notaries at the beginning of the twentieth century is shown. The conclusion is made about the incomplete nature of the systematization of pre-revolutionary notarial legislation.
Потребности молодых педагогов в наставничестве и методической поддержке
Authors: А.М. Моисеев
Published: October 2024

Статья написана на основе результатов исследования, посвященного разработке содержания, технологий и интерактивной среды для наставничества, методической поддержки и профессионального взаимодействия начинающих педагогов. Новизна исследования состоит в целенаправленном системном изучении потребностей молодых учителей в наставничестве и методической поддержке.

The article is based on the results of the research on the development of content, technologies and interactive environment for mentoring, methodological support and professional interaction of aspiring teachers. The novelty of the research is a focused systematic study of the needs of young teachers in mentoring and methodological support.
Учебное исследование — мост между университетом и музеем
Authors: Е.А. Асонова , А.Н. Россинская
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена итогам апробации методики организации исследовательской деятельности студентов в музеях. Основой методики стали разработанные авторами модельные учебные задания социологического и психолого-педагогического характера, которые могут быть использованы в рамках учебной дисциплины, практики обучающихся бакалавриата и магистратуры. В статье приведены итоги апробации разработанных заданий, сформулированные на основе анализа интервью с представителями музеев Москвы.

The article deals with the results of the experimental implication of the methodology developed to organize students education research practices in Moscow museums. The methodology is based on the sample of sociological, psychological and pedagogical assignments, that may be used in the study process and during the internship in Bachelors and Masters programs. The conclusions on the results of the experiment were taken from the interviews with representatives of Moscow museums.
Психологические особенности подростков с избыточной массой тела
Authors: Т.И. Хазиева
Published: October 2024

В работе представлены результаты исследования некоторых психологических особенностей подростков с избыточной массой тела, в частности рассмотрены психологические особенности познавательных и эмоционально-волевых процессов. Выдвигается предположение о том, что подростки с избыточной массой тела являются группой риска для формирования и развития различных аддикций.

Psychological Characteristics (Particularities) of Teenagers with Overweight The work presents the results of a study of some psychological characteristics of teenagers with overweight. The psychological characteristics of cognitive and emotional-volitional mental processes of adolescents with overweight were considered. It is hypothesized that overweight adolescents are in the risk group for the formation and development of various addictions.
«Восточная легенда» И.С. Тургенева: психоаналитические смыслы лирического высказывания
Authors: И.А. Беляева , Е.Е. Круглова
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам психоаналитической интерпретации миниатюры И.С. Тургенева Восточная легенда из цикла Стихотворения в прозе . В научной традиции ее обычно связывают с освоением восточной стилистики Тургеневым и видят в ней социальный смысл. Авторы предлагают новое прочтение текста, усматривая в нем не только выражение детских травм писателя, но и их преодоление. Они анализируют произведение как лирическую исповедь, где личное и сокровенное скрыто за стилизацией под восточную притчу.

This article deals with psychoanalytic interpretation of I.S. Turgenevs short piece An oriental legend from the Poems in Prose series. An oriental legend is traditionally regarded as Turgenevs attempt in oriental stylization, while its meaning is considered to be his social insights. The authors of this article suggest a new understanding of Turgenevs text as the one reflecting writers childhood traumas as well as their overcoming. An oriental legend is analysed here as a lyrical confession, where the intimate and the secret are both hidden beneath the form of an oriental parable.
Методика организации урока литературы в 11-м классе на основе системно-деятельностного подхода к обучению
Authors: Л.Е. Млечко
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается процесс организации урока литературы в 11-м классе в условиях внедрения федерального государственного образовательного стандарта (ФГОС) нового поколения. Приведен пример разработанного урока по конкретной теме с указанием этапов урока и соответствующих им заданий.

The article tackles the structure of a literature lesson in the 11th form under the implementation of the newest edition of the Federal Sate Educational Standard. The example of a lesson plan including all the stages with the corresponding tasks is given.
ПОЭТИЧЕСКАЯ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ КАРТИНЫ МИРА В РУССКОЯЗЫЧНОЙ БЕЛОРУССКОЙ ПОЭЗИИ «ПОГРАНИЧЬЯ» (Л. КРАСЕВСКАЯ И А. АВРУТИН)
Authors: М.П. Жигалова
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется сложнейший феномен современной литературы - транскультурная поэзия русско-белорусского пограничья с выходом в мультикультурный полилог. Интерпретация художественных картин мира двух конгениальных русскоязычных поэтов Белоруссии - Л. Красевской и А. Аврутина - сопровождается выводами компаративно-аналитического плана, позволяющими определить типологию лирического русскоязычного поэтического текста и высветить оригинальную авторскую модель мира. Автор статьи акцентирует внимание на образно-метафорических, семантико-символических составляющих их поэзии и отмечает тенденцию к движению от личного к всеобщему бытийному. Подчеркивается особая форма мультикультурного патриотизма Красевской, связанного с неразделимостью в ее творческом миропонимании «двух родин». Более того, ностальгическая тоска по ним фиксируется в поэтических образах, имеющих поликультурный характер. Подобного рода мультикультурализм выявляется и в авторской эстетике Аврутина, репрезентирующей полилог материальной и духовной сфер лирического героя как особую форму ноосферного сознания.

The article analyzes the most complex phenomenon of modern literature - transcultural poetry of the Russian-Belarusian borderland with access to a multicultural polylogue. The interpretation of the artistic pictures of the world of two congenial Russian-speaking poets of Belarus - L. Krasevskaya and A. Avrutin - is accompanied by conclusions of a comparative-analytical plan, allowing determining the typology of the lyrical Russian-language poetic text and highlighting the original author’s model of the world. The author of the article focuses on the figurative-metaphorical, semantic-symbolic components of their poetry and notes the tendency to move from the personal to the universal existential. Emphasizes a special form of Krasevskaya’s multicultural patriotism, associated with the inseparability of the “two motherlands” in her creative worldview. Moreover, nostalgic longing for them is recorded in poetic images that have a multicultural character. This kind of multiculturalism is also revealed in the author’s aesthetics of Avrutin, representing the polylogue of the material and spiritual spheres of the lyrical hero as a special form of noospheric consciousness.
БИБЛЕЙСКИЙ ИНТЕРТЕКСТ В ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ ХХ‒ХХI ВЕКОВ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РОМАНОВ Ч. АЙТМАТОВА «ПЛАХА», У. ХАМДАМА «БУНТ И СМИРЕНИЕ», Р. СЕЙСЕНБАЕВА «МЕРТВЫЕ БРОДЯТ В ПЕСКАХ»)
Authors: Н.А. Сыздыкбаев
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются компаративные аспекты в рецепции библейского текста в литературе ХХ-ХХI веков. Автор актуализирует иноэтнокультурную проблематику в развитии феномена богоискательства в разных национальных художественных моделях миробытия и акцентирует внимание на концептуальной роли библейских мотивов и их авторской интерпретации в анализируемых романах. Уровни корреляции библейского и коранического текстов в ряде анализируемых иноэтнокультурных романов (русской / киргизской, узбекской, казахской литератур) позволяет выявить специфику репрезентации «вечных тем» в интертекстуальном поле национальных художественных неомифов, структурированных по принципу интерференции этнических мифологем богоискательства. К анализу привлекаются следующие романы писателей: Ч. Айтматова «Плаха» (писатель, соотносимый одновременно с русской и киргизской литературами), У. Хамдама «Бунт и смирение» (современный узбекский писатель), Р. Сейсенбаева «Мертвые бродят в песках» (казахский писатель).

The article deals with comparative aspects in the reception of the biblical text in the literature of the 20-21 centuries. The author actualizes foreign cultural issues in the development of the phenomenon of God-seeking in different national artistic models of the world and focuses on the conceptual role of biblical motifs and their author’s interpretation in the analyzed novels. The levels of correlation of the Biblical and Qur’anic texts in a number of analyzed foreign-cultural novels (Russian/Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Kazakh literature) allows us to reveal the specifi cs of the representation of “eternal themes” in the intertextual field of national artistic neo-myths, structured according to the principle of interference of ethnic mythologies of God-seeking. The author draws for analysis the following novels of writers - Ch. Aitmatov “The Scaff old” (the writer, correlated simultaneously with Russian and Kyrgyz literature), U. Khamdam “Rebellion and Humility” (modern Uzbek writer), R. Seisenbaeva “The Dead Wander in the Sands” (Kazakh writer).
КУРИЦА, ПЕТУХ И ЦЫПЛЕНОК В СИСТЕМЕ КОМПАРАТИВНЫХ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМОВ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Е.В. Огольцева
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются компаративные гнезда устойчивых сравнений русского языка с образами «петух», «курица» и «цыпленок». Цель анализа - выявление сходства и различия между компаративными единицами этих гнезд на семантическом и прагматическом уровнях. Особое внимание уделено гендерному аспекту анализа воспроизводимых компаративных единиц, а также особенностям семантики и функционирования наименований детенышей (цыпленок, куренок). Выявляются «женские» и мужские признаки-основания компаративных конструкций.

The article deals with comparative nests of stable comparisons of the Russian language with the images of “rooster”, “hen” and “chicken”. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the similarities and differences between the comparative units of these nests at the semantic and pragmatic levels. Particular attention is paid to the gender aspect of the analysis of reproducible comparative units, as well as the peculiarities of the semantics and functioning of the names of the cubs (hen, chicken). The “female” and male signs-bases of comparative constructions are revealed.
Картина мира в творчестве композиторов рубежа XX—XXI веков через призму поэтики заглавий: Харрисон Бёртуисл — Кайя Саариахо — Тристан Мюрай
Authors: Т.В. Цареградская
Published: October 2024

Настоящая статья посвящена феномену «совокупного текста» авторских заглавий. «Героями» стали три выдающихся композитора рубежа XX — XXI веков: Харрисон Бёртуисл, Кайя Саариахо, Тристан Мюрай. «Cовокупный текст» авторских заглавий обрисовывает сферу пристрастий и интересов, свойственных этим композиторам, раскрывает их личные вкусы и помогает понять и объяснить выбор тех или иных тем в их творчестве. Исследование показало, что для Бёртуисла существует центральная тема творчества, сосредоточенная в мифе об Орфее и той «вселенной», которую этот миф охватывает. Саариахо часто мотивируют впечатления от прочитанной литературы, ей близки мотивы «фэнтези», а также изысканная живопись разных эпох. Т. Мюрай в своей эволюции проходит путь от идей, берущих свое начало в образах техники, к гуманитарным темам пейзажного характера и далее к воображаемым путешествиям и романтической музыке.

The present article is devoted to the phenomenon of the composer`s titles “joint text”. Three outstanding composers of the end of the XXth century — beginning of the 21st century became the heroes of the present research: Harrison Birtwistle, Kaia Saariaho and Tristan Murail. The “joint text” of composers` titles has the ability to show author`s range of interests and explain the choice of topics. Our research has demonstrated that Birtwistle possesses as a centre of his creative interests the mythic figure of Orpheus and the circumstances of his life and his environment. Saariaho is often motivated by the impressions from the literature. She is also fond of fantasy motives as well as exquisite paintings of different epochs. Tristan Muraill during his evolution moves from purely technical ideas to paysages and further to the imaginary landscapes and romantic literature images.
Structure and Stability of Copper Nanoclusters on Monolayer Tungsten Dichalcogenides
Authors: Sweetman Michael , Nies Cara-Lena , Nolan Michael
Published: October 2024

Layered materials, such as tungsten dichalcogenides (TMDs), are being studied for a wide range of applications, due to their unique and varied properties. Specifically, their use as either a support for low dimensional catalysts or as an ultrathin diffusion barrier in semiconductor devices interconnect structures are particularly relevant. In order to fully realise these possible applications for TMDs, understanding the interaction between metals and the monolayer they are deposited on is of utmost importance. The morphology that arises due to given metal-substrate combinations determines their possible applications and thus is a central characteristic. Previous theoretical studies typically focus on the effects which single metal adatoms, or dopants, have on a TMDs’ electronic and optical properties, thereby leaving a knowledge gap in terms of thin film nucleation on TMD monolayers. To address this, we present a density functional theory (DFT) study of the adsorption of small Cu clusters on a range of TMD monolayers, namely WS2, WSe2 , and WTe2. We explore how metal–substrate and metal–metal interactions contribute to both the stability of these Cu clusters and their morphology, and investigate the role of the chalcogen in these interactions. We find that single Cu atoms adsorb most strongly to the adsorption site above the W atom, however as nanocluster size increases, Cu tends to be adsorbed atop the chalcogen atoms in the monolayer to facilitate Cu-Cu bond formation. We show that Cu-Cu interactions drive the stability of of the adsorbed Cu nanoclusters, with a clear preference for 3D structures on all 3 monolayers studied. Furthermore, significant Cu migration occurs during 0 K relaxation. This, combined with the small activation barriers found for Cu migration suggest facile and dynamic cluster behaviour at finite temperature on all three monolayers. Finally, we find that Cu clusters are generally most stable on WTe2 and least stable on WSe2. This difference however is typically only in the range of 0.1 eV
One Ligand, Four Cages: Diverse Outcomes in Pd3L4 Metal-Peptidic Cage Self-Assembly via Subtle Oligoproline Modifications
Authors: Barber Ben , Jamieson Ellen , White Leah , McTernan Charlie
Published: October 2024

The self-assembly of metal-organic cages enables the rapid creation of atomically defined, three-dimensional, nanoscale architectures from easily accessible building blocks. Rigid and flat aromatic panels are typically used as ligands. Building on our recent success using oligoprolines to create defined metal-peptidic Pd2L4 cages with emergent head-to-tail isomer control, we have defined a new family of metal-peptidic cages. Herein, we show that installation of an additional metal-binding motif, enabling formation of Pd3L4, dual-cavity, anisotropic ‘peanut’ cages, generates complex and emergent behavior in response to small changes in ligand isomerism. By varying the sequence isomer used, or the stereochemistry of the 4R/S hydroxyproline, we can generate four distinct self-assembly outcomes, forming: the Pd3L4 cis CCNN cage isomer, the Pd3L4 ‘All Up’ CCCC cage isomer, a mixture of all possible isomers of Pd3L4 cages, or an interpenetrated Pd6L8 cage. We show that simple and subtle changes to a peptidic ligand give rise to complex behavior in metal-peptidic cage self-assembly, further underlining the advantages of supramolecular chemistry embracing biological building blocks.
Putting the “P” back in Delayed Fluorescence – Silylethynyl Substitution Generates Efficient Pyrene Annihilators for Red-to-Blue Photon Upconversion
Authors: Isokuortti Jussi , O'Dea Connor J. , Allen Seth R. , Vasylevskyi Serhii , Page Zachariah A. , Roberts Sean T.
Published: October 2024

Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) converts low-energy photons to higher-energy ones under low-intensity incoherent excitation, thus enabling applications in fields ranging from medicine to solar energy conversion. Silylethynyl mono- and di-substitution of acenes, offers an attractive route to creating new annihilators that operate with minimal energy loss. Here, we demonstrate this approach can be extended to pyrene, yielding annihilators that display efficient red-to-blue upconversion. While pyrene is the namesake of P-type delayed fluorescence, the original name for triplet-triplet annihilation, it is known to be a poor annihilator due to its propensity for forming excimers. By tetra-substituting pyrene with silylethynyl groups, we substantially hinder excimer formation while simultaneously minimizing the energy gap between the singlet and triplet pair states that participate in TTA-UC, yielding outstanding annihilators for red-to-blue upconversion that operate with quantum yields of upwards of 19% (30% when corrected for inner filter effects). Further, we find reducing the bulkiness of the silyl substituents is key to achieving high TTA-UC quantum yields, which highlights the importance of annihilator side group selection when optimizing photon upconversion.
Investigating the mechanism of formation of nitro-substituted nicotine analogue via the [3 + 2] Cycloaddition reaction of (E)-substituted nitroethene derivatives and (Z)- C-(3-pyridyl)-N-aryl-nitrones: A Density Functional Theory (DFT) study
Authors: Appiah Oscar Adjei Boadi , Adei Evans , Tia Richard
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction mechanism between (E)-substituted nitroethene derivatives and (Z)-C-(3-pyridyl)-N-aryl-nitrones to form nitro-substituted nicotine analogues using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the B3LYP-D3/6-311G(d,p) level. The results reveal that the reaction proceeds with significant regio- and stereoselectivity, favoring the exo-isoxazolidine nicotine analogue. Substituents on both nitroethene and nitrone influence the activation barriers, with electron-withdrawing groups increasing the reaction's electrophilicity and electron-donating groups increasing nucleophilicity. The calculated global reactivity indices support these trends, with the alkene acting as the electrophile and the nitrone as the nucleophile. These findings provide valuable theoretical insight into the selectivity and reactivity of cycloaddition reactions, offering guidance for the efficient synthesis of nicotine analogues with potential biological applications.
Valence tautomerism, non-innocence, and emergent magnetic phenomena in lanthanide-organic tessellations
Authors: Dunstan Maja , Pedersen Kasper Steen
Published: October 2024

Coordination networks based on lanthanide ions entangle collective magnetic phenomena, otherwise only observed in inorganic 4f materials, and the tunable spatial and electronic structure engineering intrinsic to coordination chemistry. We discuss the use of 2D-structure-directing linear {LnII/IIII2} nodes to direct the formation of polymeric coordination networks. The equatorial coordination plasticity of {LnII/IIII2} results in broad structural diversity, including previously unobtainable tessellations containing motifs observed in quasicrystalline tilings. The new phases host also magnetic frustration, which is at the origin of enhanced magnetic refrigeration potential. Finally, careful redox matching of Ln node and frontier orbitals of the ligand scaffold has culminated in the discovery of quantitative valence tautomeric conversion in a molecule-based Ln material, opening up new avenues for combining exotic magnetic phenomena with an encoded switch.
Single-Handed Helical Polymer-Based Polycarboxylate with Achiral Triarylphosphine Pendants as Chiral Catalysts for Asymmetric Cross-Coupling Reactions in Pure Water
Authors: Kamiya Naoaki , Kuroda Takuma , Nagata Yuuya , Yamamoto Takeshi , Suginome Michinori
Published: October 2024

Helical poly(quinoxaline-2,3-diyl)s (PQX) containing chiral carboxylic acid side chains derived from natural L-lactic acid were synthesized. The newly synthesized helical polymer-based polycarboxylic acid was soluble in basic pure water by forming poly-carboxylate and adopted the P-helical conformation (right-handed), whereas the M-helical conformation is predominant under weakly acidic aqueous conditions. The water-soluble PQX containing additional monomer units bearing a 2-(diarylphosphino)phenyl group was employed in the asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction in pure water in the absence of organic cosolvents. Remarkable enantioselectivities up to 99% ee, which were found to be higher than the same coupling reac-tion in organic solvent using the corresponding lipophilic PQX, were obtained for the couplings of 2-substituted 1-halonaphthalenes. It is presumed that the hydrophobic reaction environment is provided by the hydrophobic main chain of PQX according to the Nile Red-based hydrophobicity test. Recovery of the crude product without using any trace of organic solvent has been demonstrated by the switch of solubility of PQX depending on pH.
Understanding Anionic Hyperporphyrins: TDDFT Calculations on Peripherally Deprotonated Meso-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin
Authors: Conradie Jeanet , Wamser Carl , Ghosh Abhik
Published: October 2024

Presented herein is a DFT/TDDFT study of meso-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (H2[THPP]) and its O-deprotonated tetraanionic form; the latter was modeled as both a tetralithium complex and as a free tetraanion. Based on our calculations, the experimentally observed hyperporphyrin spectra are attributed to an admixture of phenol/phenoxide character into the a2u-type HOMO of tetraphenylporphyrin. The admixture results in an elevation of the orbital energy of the HOMO in relation to other frontier orbitals, which accounts for the observed spectral redshifts. The calculations underscore differences in the performance of different exchange-correlation functionals. Thus, while the popular hybrid functional B3LYP greatly exaggerates the redshift of the far-red hyperporphyrin band of O-deprotonated H2[THPP], the range-separated functional CAMY-B3LYP predicts a more moderate redshift. The latter, however, fails to reproduce experimentally observed absorptions in the 550-600 nm range, suggesting that range-separated functionals may not be appropriate for non-charge-transfer transitions.
Density functional theory investigation of Stability and Reactivity in Au-Cu nanoclusters of type AumCun (m+n=13)
Authors: PAL PRADEEP KUMAR , Priyakumar U Deva
Published: October 2024

Pure and doped gold clusters have been of immense use in catalyzing reactions and assembling nano functional materials for various applications. In this work, we focus on stepwise doping of copper atoms in pure 13 atom gold clusters, thereby the cluster composition investigated is Aum Cun (m+n = 13). We employ the genetic algorithm ABCluster which uses the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to model the various isomers of each cluster composition. We applied DFT functional PBE and LANL2DZ basis functions to model the potential energy surface of the clusters. The minimum energy isomer of each composition was then used to study various molecular properties like binding energy, second order difference in energy, vertical ionization energy, vertical electron affinity, HOMO-LUMO gap, second order difference in energy. Odd-even oscillations in the molecular properties reveal the competing shell closing stabilization between Cu and Au atoms. To compare the activity of the clusters in catalysis, adsorption studies of small molecules O2 and C2H2 were done. This work aims to study the entire range of Cu doped 13 atom Au cluster compositions.
Anti-Electrophoretic Response Driven Bending-Tilting Deformation of Cationic Polyelectrolyte Brushes Drives Massively Non-Linear Electroosmotic Transport in Brush-Grafted Nanochannels
Authors: Ishraaq Raashiq , Das Siddhartha
Published: October 2024

The interplay of the electric field-driven response of charged polyelectrolyte (PE) brushes and the supported counterions and water molecules dictate the intriguing fluid dynamics in a PE-brush-grafted nanochannel. Such combined brush-ion-fluid dynamics can be captured in unprecedented atomistic details using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations unraveling a plethora of new and fascinating nanoscale science. In this paper, we use such simulations to describe a most remarkable non-linearly enhanced large electroosmotic (EOS) flow, where, in a nanochannel grafted with cationic PMETAC ([Poly(2-(Methacryloyloxy)Ethyl) Trimethylammonium Chloride]) brushes, a two-fold increase in the electric field strength leads to a several-fold (much more than two-fold) increase in the EOS flow strength and volume flow rate. The electric field enforces the PMETAC brushes to undergo a bending-tilting driven deformation with a significant portion of the brush layer becoming parallel to the grafting surface. In response, a substantial fraction of the counterions come out of the brush layer (hence become more mobile), but instead of going into the bulk, accumulate at the brush-bulk interface, i.e., stay in close proximity of the brush segments aligned parallel to the grafting surface. This creates a fascinating situation, where the counterions are not completely within the brush layer, yet they fully screen the brush charges. Such “freer” conditions enable the counterions to achieve very high velocity, which eventually ensures that the water solvating the counterions themselves move very fast triggering the significantly augmented EOS transport. Probing deeper we can identify that the bending-tilting driven brush deformation, enforcing the brushes to align parallel to the substrate, results from the anti-electrophoretic behavior of the brushes, where despite being positively charged, the brushes move against the electric field direction: such a highly unprecedented behavior can be associated with the very fast velocities of the negatively charged counterions and the electrostatic coupling of the counterions with the positive functional groups of the brushes. We anticipate that the findings of this paper will not only open up novel strategies for flow enhancement in functionalized nanochannels and shed light on a myriad of applications associated with the anti-electrophoretic response of charged polymer chains, it will kindle interests in the need for understanding the detailed chemical architecture of polyelectrolyte systems (beyond coarse-graining based simplifications) in nanoscale science and engineering.
Direct observation and control of non-classical crystallization pathways in binary colloidal systems
Authors: Zang Shihao , Paul Sanjib , Leung Cheuk W , Chen Michael S , Hueckel Theodore , Hocky Glen M , Sacanna Stefano
Published: October 2024

Crystallization stands as a prime example of self-assembly. Elementary building blocks converge, seemingly adhering to an intricate blueprint, orchestrating order from chaos. While classical theories have long described crystallization as a monomer-by-monomer addition (whether involving atoms, ions, molecules or colloids), non-classical crystallization pathways introduce complexity. Using microscopic charged particles as monomers, we reveal the precise mechanisms underpinning the formation of ionic colloidal crystals. Our findings indicate that these crystals primarily crystallize through a two-step process, wherein metastable amorphous `blobs' condense from the gas phase, subsequently evolving into small binary crystals. Once formed, these small crystals grow to form large faceted structures through three main processes that occur simultaneously: addition of free monomers from bulk, capture and absorption of surrounding blobs, and oriented attachment of other crystals. These complex crystallization pathways occur both in bulk and on surfaces across a range of particle sizes and interaction strengths, resulting in a diverse array of crystal types and morphologies. Harnessing our ability to tune the interaction potential through small changes in salt concentration, we developed a continuous dialysis approach that allows fine control over the interaction strength in both time and space. This method enables us to discover and characterize a wide variety of crystal structures in a single experiment, including a previously unreported low-density hollow structure and the heteroepitaxial formation of composite crystal structures.