bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential of desiccation-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in growth augmentation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought stress
Authors: Shankar Ajay , Prasad Vishal
Published: February 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and physiology are adversely affected due to limited water availability. However, desiccation-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (DT-PGPR) are potential candidates that can overcome the negative impacts of water stress. In the present study, a total of 164 rhizobacterial isolates were screened for desiccation tolerance up to −0.73 MPa osmotic pressure, of which five isolates exhibited growth and expression of plant growth properties under the influence of desiccation stress of −0.73 MPa. These five isolates were identified as Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3, Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS4, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS5. All five isolates exhibited plant growth-promoting properties and production of exopolysaccharide (EPS) under the impact of desiccation stress. Furthermore, a pot experiment on wheat (variety HUW-234) inoculated with the isolates Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3 exhibited a positive influence on the growth of wheat under the condition of water stress. A significant improvement in plant height, root length, biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, membrane stability index (MSI), leaf relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugar, total phenol, proline, and total soluble protein, were recorded under limited water-induced drought stress in treated plants as compared with non-treated plants. Moreover, plants treated with Enterobacter cloacae BHUAS1, Bacillus cereus BHUAS2, and Bacillus megaterium BHUIESDAS3 depicted improvement in enzymatic activities of several antioxidant enzymes such as guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Beside this significant decrease in electrolyte leakage, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were also recorded in treated plants. From the results obtained, it is evident that E. cloacae BHUAS1, B. megaterium BHUIESDAS3, and B. cereus BHUAS2 are the potential DT-PGPR having the capability to sustain growth and yield, alleviating the deleterious effect of water stress in wheat.
Response and recovery mechanisms of river microorganisms to gradient concentrations of estrogen
Authors: Qin Dan , Li Yan , Chen Nengwang , Hu Anyi , Yu Chang-Ping
Published: February 2023

As an important ecological system on the earth, rivers have been influenced by the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization, and anthropogenic activities. Increasingly more emerging contaminants, such as estrogens, are discharged into the river environment. In this study, we conducted river water microcosmic experiments using in situ water to investigate the response mechanisms of microbial community when exposed to different concentrations of target estrogen (estrone, E1). Results showed that both exposure time and concentrations shaped the diversity of microbial community when exposed to E1. Deterministic process played a vital role in influencing microbial community over the entire sampling period. The influence of E1 on microbial community could last for a longer time even after the E1 has been degraded. The microbial community structure could not be restored to the undisturbed state by E1, even if disturbed by low concentrations of E1(1 μg/L and 10 μg/L) for a short time. Our study suggests that estrogens could cause long-term disturbance to the microbial community of river water ecosystem and provides a theoretical basis for assessing the environmental risk of estrogens in rivers.
Executive function abilities in cognitively healthy young and older adults—A cross-sectional study
Authors: Idowu Mojitola I. , Szameitat Andre J.
Published: February 2023

A prominent feature of cognitive aging is the decline of executive function (EF) abilities. Numerous studies have reported that older adults perform poorer than younger adults in such tasks. In this cross-sectional study, the effect of age on four EFs, inhibition, shifting, updating, and dual-tasking, was examined in 26 young adults (mean 21.18  years) and 25 older adults (mean 71.56  years) with the utilization of a pair of tasks for each EF. The tasks employed for DT were the Psychological Refractory Period paradigm (PRP) and a modified test for everyday attention, for inhibition the Stroop and Hayling sentence completion test (HSCT), for shifting a task switching paradigm and the trail making test (TMT), and for updating the backward digit span (BDS) task and a n-back paradigm. As all participants performed all tasks, a further aim was to compare the size of the age-related cognitive decline among the four EFs. Age-related decline was observed in all four EFs in one or both of the tasks employed. The results revealed significantly poorer performance in the older adults in the response times (RTs) of the PRP effect, interference score of the Stroop, RT inhibition costs of the HSCT, RT and error-rate shifting costs of the task switching paradigm, and the error-rate updating costs of the n-back paradigm. A comparison between the rates of decline revealed numerical and statistically significant differences between the four EFs, with inhibition showing the greatest decline, followed by shifting, updating, and dual-tasking. Thus, we conclude that with age, these four EFs decline at different rates.
Nomogram including indirect bilirubin for the prediction of post-stroke depression at 3 months after mild acute ischemic stroke onset
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Sun Wenzhe , Miao Jinfeng , Zhu Zhou , Liang Wenwen , Qiu Xiuli , Pan Chensheng , Li Guo , Lan Yan , Zhao Xin , Xu Yi
Published: February 2023

Background

Post-stroke depression (PSD) has been proven to be associated with stroke severity. Thus, we hypothesized that the prevalence of PSD would be lower in patients with mild stroke. We aim to explore predictors of depression at 3 months after mild acute ischemic stroke (MAIS) onset and to develop a practical and convenient prediction model for the early identification of patients at high risk.

Methods

A total of 519 patients with MAIS were consecutively recruited from three hospitals in Wuhan city, Hubei province. MAIS was defined as a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of ≤5 at admission. Meeting the DSM-V diagnostic criteria and a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) score of >7 at their 3-month follow-up were considered the primary outcomes. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the factors adjusted for potential confounders, and all independent predictors were brought into the construction of a nomogram to predict PSD.

Results

The prevalence of PSD is up to 32% at 3 months after MAIS onset. After adjusting for potential confounders, indirect bilirubin (p = 0.029), physical activity (p = 0.001), smoking (p = 0.025), hospitalization days (p = 0.014), neuroticism (p < 0.001), and MMSE (p < 0.001) remained independently and significantly related with PSD. The concordance index (C-index) of the nomogram jointly constructed by the aforementioned six factors was 0.723 (95% CI: 0.678–0.768).

Conclusion

The prevalence of PSD seems equally high even if the ischemic stroke is mild, which calls for great concern from clinicians. In addition, our study found that a higher level of indirect bilirubin can lower the risk of PSD. This finding may provide a potential new approach to PSD treatment. Furthermore, the nomogram including bilirubin is convenient and practical to predict PSD after MAIS onset.
Nano-pulse stimulation™ therapy (NPS™) is superior to cryoablation in clearing murine melanoma tumors
Authors: McDaniel Amanda , Freimark Bruce , Navarro Cebrina , Von Rothstein Kristin , Gonzalez Dacia , Linder Keith , Nuccitelli Richard
Published: February 2023

Background

Nano-Pulse Stimulation™ Therapy (NPS™) is a new, bioelectric modality that applies ultrashort pulses of electric energy to trigger regulated cell death in treated tissues. Instead of initiating necrosis by heating or freezing, NPS therapy permeabilizes intracellular organelles to activate the cell’s own self-destruct pathway of programmed or regulated cell death. Unlike cryotherapies that can both damage structural tissues and diffuse into the periphery beyond the margins of the lesion, NPS only affects cells within the treated zone leaving surrounding tissue and acellular components unaffected.

Methods

We generated melanoma tumors in mice by injecting B16-F10 cells intradermally and compared the efficacy and resulting skin damage from Nano-Pulse Stimulation Therapy with that of cryoablation in clearing these tumors.

Results

The results of the study demonstrate that NPS is superior at clearing B16-F10 melanoma lesions. NPS permanently eliminated up to 91% of all tumor lesions with a single treatment compared to cryoablation that only eliminated up to 66%. Importantly, NPS permanently eliminated these lesions with no recurrence and with minimal dermal fibrosis, underlying muscle atrophy, permanent hair follicle loss or other markers of permanent skin damage.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that NPS is a promising new modality for the clearance of melanoma tumors and is a more efficacious, less damaging approach than cryoablative methods for the treatment of aggressive malignant tumors.
The feasibility of decreasing the thresholds for biopsy in Kwak and C TIRADSs
Authors: Fu Chao , Cui Yiyang , Li Jing , Wang Yan , Si Caifeng , Cui Kefei
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To estimate the feasibility of decreasing the original thresholds for biopsy in the Kwak Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (Kwak TIRADS) and Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C TIRADS).

Methods

This retrospective study included 3,201 thyroid nodules from 2,146 patients with a pathological diagnosis. We lowered the original fine-needle aspiration (FNA) thresholds with the TR4a-TR5 in Kwak and C TIRADSs and calculated the ratio of additional benign-to-malignant nodules being biopsied (RABM). If the RABM is less than 1, the decreased FNA thresholds could be accepted and used to the modified TIRADSs (modified C and Kwak TIRADSs). Then, we estimated and compared the diagnostic performance between the modified TIRADS and the original TIRADS to determine if the decreased thresholds could be an effective strategy.

Results

A total of 1,474 (46.0%) thyroid nodules were diagnosed as malignant after thyroidectomy. The TR4c-TR5 in Kwak TIRADS and TR4b-TR5 in C TIRADS had a rational RABM (RABM < 1). The modified Kwak TIRADS had higher sensitivity, a positive predictive value, a negative predictive value, lower specificity, an unnecessary biopsy rate, and a missed malignancy rate compared with the original Kwak TIRADS (94.1% vs. 42.6%, 59.4% vs. 44.6%, 89.9% vs. 52.8%, 45.0% vs. 54.9%, 40.6% vs. 55.4%, and 10.1% vs. 47.1%, respectively, P < 0.05 for all). Similar trends were seen in the modified C TIRADS versus the original C TIRADS (95.1% vs. 38.7%, 61.7% vs. 47.8%, 92.3% vs. 55.0%, 49.7% vs. 64.0%, 38.3% vs. 52.2%, and 7.7% vs. 44.9%, respectively, P < 0.05 for all).

Conclusions

The biopsy of all nodules with TR4C-TR5 in the Kwak TIRADS and TR4B-TR5 in the C TIRADS might be an effective strategy. This paper contributes to the contradiction concerning whether to perform FNA for the nodules smaller than 10 mm.
CXCL9 correlates with antitumor immunity and is predictive of a favorable prognosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Xue Shen , Su Xiao-min , Ke Li-na , Huang Yu-gang
Published: February 2023

Background

The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-9 (CXCL9) is related to the progression of multiple neoplasms. Yet, its biological functions in uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma (UCEC) remain shrouded in confusion. Here, we assessed the prognostic significance and potential mechanism of CXCL9 in UCEC.

Methods

Firstly, bioinformatics analysis of the public cancer database, including the Cancer Genome Atlas / the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (TCGA+ GTEx, n=552) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO): GSE63678 (n=7), were utilized for the CXCL9 expression-related analysis in UCEC. Then, the survival analysis of TCGA-UCEC was performed. Futher, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was carried out to reveal the potential molecular signaling pathway in UCEC associated with CXCL9 expression. Moreover, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay of our validation cohort (n=124) from human specimens were used to demonstrate the latent significance of CXCL9 in UCEC.

Results

The bioinformatics analysis suggested that CXCL9 expression was significantly upregulated in UCEC patients; and hyper-expression of CXCL9 was related to prolonged survival. the GSEA enrichment analysis showed various immune response-related pathways, including T/NK cell, lymphocyte activation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction network, and chemokine signaling pathway, mediated by CXCL9. In addition, the cytotoxic molecules (IFNG, SLAMF7, JCHAIN, NKG7, GBP5, LYZ, GZMA, GZMB, and TNF3F9) and the immunosuppressive genes (including PD-L1) were positively related to the expression of CXCL9. Further, the IHC assay indicated that the CXCL9 protein expression was mainly located in intertumoral and significantly upregulated in the UCEC patients; UCEC with high intertumoral CXCL9 cell abundance harbored an improved prognosis; a higher ratio of anti-tumor immune cells (CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ cell) and PD-L1 was found in UCEC with CXCL9 high expression.

Conclusion

Overexpressed CXCL9 correlates with antitumor immunity and is predictive of a favorable prognosis in UCEC. It hinted that CXCL9 may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in UCEC patients, which augmented anti-tumor immune effects to furnish survival benefits.
Tyrosine kinases in nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Authors: Piccaluga Pier Paolo , Cascianelli Chiara , Inghirami Giorgio
Published: February 2023

Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are uncommon and heterogeneous tumors characterized by a dismal prognosis. Targeted therapy has been proposed. However, reliable targets are mostly represented by a few surface antigens (e.g., CD52 and CD30), chemokine receptors (e.g., CCR4), and epigenetic gene expression regulation. In the last two decades, however, several studies have supported the idea that tyrosine kinase (TK) deregulation might be relevant for both the pathogenesis and treatment of PTCL. Indeed, they can be expressed or activated as a consequence of their involvement in genetic lesions, such as translocations, or by ligand overexpression. The most striking example is ALK in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCL). ALK activity is necessary to support cell proliferation and survival, and its inhibition leads to cell death. Notably, STAT3 was found to be the main downstream ALK effector. Other TKs are consistently expressed and active in PTCLs, such as PDGFRA, and members of the T-cell receptor signaling family, such as SYK. Notably, as in the case of ALK, STAT proteins have emerged as key downstream factors for most of the involved TK.
Ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy: A promising combination therapy for tumors
Authors: Cai Huazhong , Ren Yongfei , Chen Shuangwei , Wang Yue , Chu Liangmei
Published: February 2023

Low response rate and treatment resistance are frequent problems in the immunotherapy of tumors, resulting in the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. In recent years, it has been found that ferroptosis may be related to the treatment of cancer. Various immune cells (including macrophages and CD8+ T cells) can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells, and synergistically enhance the anti-tumor immune effects. However, the mechanisms are different for each cell types. DAMP released in vitro by cancer cells undergoing ferroptosis lead to the maturation of dendritic cells, cross-induction of CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ production and M1 macrophage production. Thus, it activates the adaptability of the tumor microenvironment and forms positive feedback of the immune response. It suggests that induction of ferroptosis may contribute to reducing resistance of cancer immunotherapy and has great potential in cancer therapy. Further research into the link between ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy may offer hope for those cancers that are difficult to treat. In this review, we focus on the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy, explore the role of ferroptosis in various immune cells, and discuss potential applications of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy.
Toxicology as a diagnostic tool to identify the misuse of drugs in the perinatal period
Authors: Jones Joseph
Published: February 2023

The use, misuse, and abuse of substances are a continued public health concern in this country and around the world. Perinatal exposure to substances of abuse is associated with several long-term negative consequences for the neonate. Limited resources exist to assist perinatal health professionals on this very complex subject. The purpose of this document is to provide additional information about selecting monitoring protocols, the specifics of appropriate testing methodologies, and the interpretation of toxicological findings. Understanding these concepts better allows perinatal healthcare professionals to be a voice for the voiceless in order to protect and enrich lives during this unprecedented opioid epidemic.
Diagnosis and intervention of severe tricuspid regurgitation secondary to rupture of the chordae tendineae: A case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Jiaxi , Du Chaojun , Zhang Wenbo , Mi Yaping , Shan Yaping , Zhang Huifeng , Shi Qiqi , Chen Gang
Published: February 2023

Unguarded severe tricuspid regurgitation caused by rupture of papillary muscle or chordae tendineae is rare but fatal in neonates. The experience in the management of these patients is still limited. A newborn presenting severe cyanosis after delivery was diagnosed with severe tricuspid regurgitation secondary to rupture of chordae tendineae by echocardiography (Echo), then treated by surgical reconstruction of chordae/papillary muscle connection without artificial materials. A takeaway lesson from this case is that Echo is an important method to diagnose a rupture of chordae tendineae or papillary muscle and that prompt diagnosis and timely surgery can be life-saving.
Systematic identification of TPS genes in Gossypium and their characteristics in response to flooding stress
Authors: Cui Aihua , Jin Yunqian , Li Yongqi , Nie Taili , Sun Liangqing
Published: February 2023

Terpene synthases (TPS) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of plant terpenoids. Studies on TPSs have not been reported in Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium arboreum. 260 TPSs were identified in Gossypium, including 71 in Gossypium hirsutum, 75 in Gossypium. barbadense, 60 in Gossypium. arboreum, and 54 in Gossypium raimondii. We systematically analyzed the TPS gene family of Gossypium from three aspects: gene structure, evolutionary process and gene function. (1) Gene structure: Based on the protein structure of two conserved domains (PF01397 and PF03936), the TPS gene family is divided into five clades: TPS -a, -b, -c, -e/f and -g. (2) Evolution: Whole genome duplication and segmental duplication are the main modes of TPS gene amplification. (3) Function: The abundance of cis-acting elements may reveal the functional diversity of TPSs in cotton. TPS gene has tissue specific expression in cotton. The hypomethylation of the exon of TPSs may help to enhance the adaptability of cotton to flooding stress. In conclusion, this study can broaden the understanding of structure-evolution-function of the TPS gene family, and provide reference for the mining and verification of new genes.
Liminal design: A conceptual framework and three-step approach for developing technology that delivers transcendence and deeper experiences
Authors: Liedgren Johan , Desmet Pieter M. A. , Gaggioli Andrea
Published: February 2023

As ubiquitous technology is increasingly mediating our relationships with the world and others, we argue that the sublime is struggling to find room in product design primarily aimed at commercial and transactional goals such as speed and efficiency. We suggest a new category of products to promote deeper and more meaningful experiences, specifically those offering liminality, transcendence, and personal transformation. This paper introduces a conceptual framework and three-step design approach looking at narrative participation in design through abstractions to promote, hold and deepen more complex emotions. We explore implications from a theoretical point of view and suggest product examples for how the model might be applied in practice.
Tax evasion, psychological egoism, and revenue collection performance: Evidence from Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mu Renyan , Fentaw Nigatu Mengesha , Zhang Lu
Published: February 2023

Tax evasion is the illegal withholding or underpayment of taxes, typically accomplished by intentionally providing false or no evidence to tax authorities. Tax evasion has had a severe detrimental influence on the economy of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. The Amhara Regional State lost tax revenue in recent years due to tax evasion. The objective of this study was to see how tax evasion, taxpayers’ psychological egoism, and other relevant factors affect tax revenue collection performance in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 395 VAT-registered taxpayers through a structured questionnaire. The structural equation model and multiple regression analysis method were utilized for empirical test based on the softwares of SPSS and AMOS. This research revealed that tax evasion and psychological egoism negatively affect tax revenue collection performance. Tax education and technology significantly and positively affected tax revenue collection performance. Meanwhile, the relationships between the above factors (tax evasion, tax education, and technology) and the tax revenue collection performance are reliably mediated by taxpayers’ psychological egoism. Those findings can give clues to researchers, tax experts, and policymakers for improving the tax revenue collection performance in Amhara Region. The government can enhance public education to reduce tax evasion and such misbehavior caused by taxpayers’ psychological egoism. Meanwhile, the most up-to-date tax invoicing technologies, like artificial intelligence and machine learning technology should be adopted.
Fear of COVID-19 is associated with trust, subjective numeracy, and differentially with loneliness in older versus younger adults
Authors: Chung Alison F. , Teasell Madeleine J. , Pergher Valentina , Thornton Allen E. , Thornton Wendy Loken
Published: February 2023

Introduction

The emotional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting public health emergency are only beginning to be understood.

Methods

We assessed the contributions of emotional and cognitive factors and age-related comorbidities to greater COVID-19 fear in a community dwelling sample of 142 younger (Mage = 19.63, SDage = 2.59) and 157 older (Mage = 72.01, SDage = 7.06) adults, between July 2020 and July 2021. We hypothesized that individuals with increased loneliness, depression, and/or decreased subjective numeracy (SN) and interpersonal trust would experience more COVID-19 fear. We also predicted that females and older adults would experience more COVID-19 fear given that age-related comorbidities are associated with increased illness severity.

Results

Results showed that the extent of loneliness in older adults was more strongly related to fear of COVID-19 than it was in younger adults (β = 0.197, p = 0.016), and poorer SN was associated with increased COVID-19 fear in both age groups (β = −0.138, p = 0.016). Further, higher interpersonal mistrust was associated with increased COVID-19 fear (β = 0.136, p = 0.039), as was identifying as female (β = 0.137, p = 0.013).

Discussion

Given that self-described poor numeracy was a marker for greater COVID-19 fear, investigators and policy makers might consider mitigation opportunities addressing data literacy requirements imposed by the media. Further, outreach to mitigate loneliness, particularly of the elderly, might effectively lessen the negative psychological impact of this ongoing public health crisis.
Affectively effective: Work-related emotional intelligence as a predictor of organizational citizenship
Authors: Robinson Michael D. , Irvin Roberta L. , Krishnakumar Sukumarakurup
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Efforts to link ability-related emotional intelligence to organizational behavior have resulted in modest findings.

Methods

The present three studies examine whether a work-contextualized form of emotional intelligence (W-EI) may have greater predictive value, particularly in the organizational citizenship domain. Because W-EI should benefit social relationships within the workplace, positive associations between W-EI and organizational citizenship behavior were hypothesized.

Results

This hypothesis was supported in three studies (total N = 462) involving samples of part-time student employees (Study 1), postdoctoral researchers (Study 2), and full-time employees (Study 3). All studies also provided evidence for incremental validity, such as with respect to the Big 5 personality traits, and Study 3 highlighted processes related to workplace engagement (in the form of higher levels of interpersonal job satisfaction and lower levels of burnout).

Discussion

The results demonstrate the importance of W-EI in understanding employee variations in organizational citizenship.
Military tactical adaptive decision making during simulated military operational stress is influenced by personality, resilience, aerobic fitness, and neurocognitive function
Authors: Sekel Nicole M. , Beckner Meaghan E. , Conkright William R. , LaGoy Alice D. , Proessl Felix , Lovalekar Mita , Martin Brian J. , Jabloner Leslie R. , Beck Alaska L. , Eagle Shawn R. , Dretsch Michael , Roma Peter G. , Ferrarelli Fabio , Germain Anne , Flanagan Shawn D. , Connaboy Christopher , Haufler Amy J. , Nindl Bradley C.
Published: February 2023

Laboratory-based studies designed to mimic combat or military field training have consistently demonstrated deleterious effects on warfighter’s physical, cognitive, and emotional performance during simulated military operational stress (SMOS).

Purpose

The present investigation sought to determine the impact of a 48-h simulated military operational stress (SMOS) on military tactical adaptive decision making, and the influence of select psychological, physical performance, cognitive, and physiological outcome measures on decision making performance.

Methods

Male (n = 48, 26.2 ± 5.5 years, 177.7 ± 6.6 cm, 84.7 ± 14.1 kg.) subjects currently serving in the U.S. military were eligible to participate in this study. Eligible subjects completed a 96-h protocol that occurred over five consecutive days and four nights. Day 2 (D2) and day 3 (D3) consisted of 48-h of SMOS wherein sleep opportunity and caloric needs were reduced to 50%. Differences in SPEAR total block score from baseline to peak stress (D3 minus D1) were calculated to assess change in military tactical adaptive decision making and groups were stratified based on increase (high adaptors) or decrease (low adaptors) of the SPEAR change score.

Results

Overall, military tactical decision-making declined 1.7% from D1 to D3 (p < 0.001). High adaptors reported significantly higher scores of aerobic capacity (p < 0.001), self-report resilience (p = 0.020), extroversion (p < 0.001), and conscientiousness (p < 0.001). at baseline compared to low adaptors, while low adaptors reported greater scores in Neuroticism (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The present findings suggest that service members whose adaptive decision making abilities improved throughout SMOS (i.e., high adaptors) demonstrated better baseline psychological/self-reported resilience and aerobic capacity. Further, changes in adaptive decision-making were distinct from those of lower order cognitive functions throughout SMOS exposure. With the transition of future military conflicts placing higher priority on enhancing and sustaining cognitive readiness and resiliency, data presented here demonstrates the importance of measuring and categorizing baseline measures inherent to military personnel, in order to change and train one’s ability to suffer less of a decline during high stress conditions.
Comparative analysis of the influence of Chinese urban and rural family cultures on household financial asset allocation
Authors: Li Zhisheng , Mirko Cucci , D’Agostino Maria Teresa , Jin Jiyang
Published: February 2023

Despite the national strategic priority to achieve common prosperity, there still exist prominent discrepancies in financial asset allocation between Chinese urban and rural families, which requires a deeper, more comprehensive investigation. To fill this gap, the present research adopted a cultural perspective to investigate relevant issues by addressing the cognitive differences of residents between urban and rural families. Under the analytical framework of Hofstede’s cultural values, this paper discusses the cognitive differences between urban and rural families in terms of financial asset allocation in the cultural dimensions of collectivism, individualism and uncertainty avoidance; hypotheses are accordingly developed. In terms of research methods, the data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) were used in the probit model to investigate the influence of urban and rural family cultural differences on household financial asset allocation. The results of this paper are as follows: (1) family cultural values have a positive impact on family financial asset allocation; (2) knowledge acquisition plays an intermediary role in family cultural values and family financial asset allocation; (3) and for rural families with high collectivism and uncertainty avoidance, the mediating effect is more prominent. This paper provides a new perspective for exploring the possibility of household asset allocation from the perspective of cultural psychology. The contribution of this paper have theoretical and practical reference significance to narrow the wealth gap between urban and rural areas and achieve common prosperity.
A bibliometric review of coach leadership studies
Authors: Cruz Angelita Bautista , Kim Hyun-Duck
Published: February 2023

This study examined published articles concerning sports leadership within the sport psychology domain over the last 30 years using bibliometric analysis that centered on the written content of the publications as unit of analysis in order to explore the intellectual base, particularly the structural relationships among relevant research components about coach leadership. Leximancer version 5.0 (Leximancer Pty Ltd.) was used to extract data from 100 sports leadership-related articles from four sport psychology journals. Overall, the most relevant concepts generated were coaches (100%) and athletes (59%), followed by study, sport, support, and motivation, and behaviors. Also, relevant concepts produced for each journal were quite similar which included coaches, athletes, behaviors, study, support and team. Further, publications related to coach leadership have shown a steady growth rate since 1990 with 76% of all published articles were conducted via quantitative research method. Finally, United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Belgium were the top countries involved in the area of coach leadership. Coach leadership studies generally focus on behaviors and perceptions related to the coach and relationships between leadership and psychological outcomes. Each journal has a similar but distinct rationale when publishing papers about coach leadership. Bibliometric analysis can be applied as an alternative methodology to summarize large volumes of relevant data in order to map the current knowledge as well as identify potential future research directions.
Pica in childhood: Prevalence and developmental comorbidity
Authors: Lesinskienė Sigita , Stonkutė Greta , Šambaras Rokas
Published: February 2023

Background

Pica is an eating disorder in which a person feels the urge to eat non-nutritious, non-food substances. It can occur at any age; however, a higher prevalence is observed among children with mental health issues and pregnant women. Recently, additional attention has been given to the role of sensory sensitivity in eating disorders.

Aim of the study

To examine the prevalence of pica in preschool children and explore the associations with increased sensory sensitivity traits and rates of internalizing and externalizing difficulties.

Methodology

Parents/guardians of children aged 3–6 years were asked to complete an anonymous online questionnaire containing demographic data, questions regarding the peculiarities of children's eating, sensory sensitivity. Furthermore, a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was also completed. This study included 655 participants. Of those 655, 41 study participants who did not complete the questionnaire were excluded. The final sample consisted of 614 participants who had completed the questionnaire.

Results

Approximately, 3.7% of participants indicated that their child ate non-nutritious, non-food substances. Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits in response to sounds (p = 0.008), visual stimuli (p < 0.001), and skin contact (p = 0.006) ate significantly more non-nutritious non-food substances. Those who had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing difficulties had more difficulties associated with eating. Children who had increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, or skin contact had significantly more internalizing difficulties (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between higher externalizing difficulties and increased sensory sensitivity to sounds, visual stimuli, skin contact, or smells (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Children with increased sensory sensitivity traits were more likely to eat inedible substances than those without. Furthermore, children who had increased sensory sensitivity traits were significantly more picky about food and had more internalizing difficulties. It is important for specialists to combine clinical data on the characteristics of a child's development, including sensory, eating, and emotional health aspects.
Generalised uncertainty relations from finite-accuracy measurements
Authors: Lake Matthew J. , Miller Marek , Ganardi Ray , Paterek Tomasz
Published: February 2023

In this short note we show how the Generalised Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP), two of the most common generalised uncertainty relations proposed in the quantum gravity literature, can be derived within the context of canonical quantum theory, without the need for modified commutation relations. A generalised uncertainty principle-type relation naturally emerges when the standard position operator is replaced by an appropriate Positive Operator Valued Measure (POVM), representing a finite-accuracy measurement that localises the quantum wave packet to within a spatial regionσg> 0. This length scale is the standard deviation of the envelope function,g, that defines the positive operator valued measure elements. Similarly, an extended uncertainty principle-type relation emerges when the standard momentum operator is replaced by a positive operator valued measure that localises the wave packet to within a regionσ̃g>0in momentum space. The usual generalised uncertainty principle and extended uncertainty principle are recovered by settingσg≃ℏG/c3, the Planck length, andσ̃g≃ℏΛ/3, where Λ is the cosmological constant. Crucially, the canonical Hamiltonian and commutation relations, and, hence, the canonical Schrödinger and Heisenberg equations, remain unchanged. This demonstrates that generalised uncertainty principle and extended uncertainty principle phenomenology can be obtained without modified commutators, which are known to lead to various pathologies, including violation of the equivalence principle, violation of Lorentz invariance in the relativistic limit, the reference frame-dependence of the “minimum” length, and the so-called soccer ball problem for multi-particle states.
Creating a new paradigm for the local interstellar medium–A perspective
Authors: Linsky Jeffrey L. , Redfield Seth
Published: February 2023

The interstellar medium close to the Sun called the local ISM (LISM) provides critical insights into physical processes and phenomena in the more distant interstellar medium in our Galaxy without the confusion of many complex structures in the sight lines to distant stars. High-resolution ultraviolet spectra are powerful diagnostic tools for understanding the LISM together with the observed properties of the outer heliosphere and hydrogen wall absorption in the astrospheres of nearby stars. For nearly 30 years the kinematic structure of the LISM has been identified from measured radial velocities of interstellar gas along many sight lines distributed across a wide range of Galactic coordinates. These data permitted the identification of three dimensional velocity vectors characterizing “clouds”. While this simple structure robustly predicts the radial velocities and associated clouds along newly observed sight lines, there are many challenges to this multi-cloud model that could lead to a revised model of the LISM. This paper reviews the assumptions and accomplishments of the multi-cloud model, and describes how the various challenges to this model could lead to a more comprehensive model with insight into physical processes and structures in the Galactic interstellar medium.
Nomogram for preoperative prediction of high-volume lymph node metastasis in the classical variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Feng Huahui , Chen Zheming , An Maohui , Chen Yanwei , Chen Baoding
Published: February 2023

Introduction

The objective of our study was to construct a preoperative prediction nomogram for the classical variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (CVPTC) patients with a solitary lesion based on demographic and ultrasonographic parameters that can quantify the individual probability of high-volume (>5) lymph node metastasis (HVLNM).

Materials and methods

In this study, a total of 626 patients with CVPTC from December 2017 to November 2022 were reviewed. Their demographic and ultrasonographic features at baseline were collected and analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Significant factors after the multivariate analysis were incorporated into a nomogram for predicting HVLNM. A validation set from the last 6 months of the study period was conducted to evaluate the model performance.

Results

Male sex, tumor size >10 mm, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), and capsular contact >50% were independent risk factors for HVLNM, whereas middle and old age were significant protective factors. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.842 in the training and 0.875 in the validation set.

Conclusions

The preoperative nomogram can help tailor the management strategy to the individual patient. Additionally, more vigilant and aggressive measures may benefit patients at risk of HVLNM.
Government veterinarians' perceptions of routine biosecurity focused on dairy cattle farms in north-western and north-eastern Spain
Authors: Moya Sebastián , Navea José , Casal Jordi , Ciaravino Giovanna , Yus Eduardo , Diéguez Francisco Javier , Benavides Bibiana , Tirado Francisco , Allepuz Alberto
Published: February 2023

The implementation of biosecurity measures in livestock production systems can be affected by the psychosocial factors of its stakeholders, which can be observed through their knowledge, attitudes and perceptions/practices. In Spain, there are no regulations per se to promote biosecurity. Of all stakeholders, farmers and veterinarians have been addressed in previous biosecurity studies, but not veterinarians belonging specifically to the government services. This study explores this particular group's perceptions of routine biosecurity in livestock production systems in north-western and north-eastern Spain, an understanding of which could help to improve the implementation of biosecurity measures on farms. Eleven interviews were conducted with veterinarians from different levels of the government services in Galicia and Catalonia, and were analyzed through content analysis. Dairy cattle farms were considered as the reference livestock production systems. The respondents stress the limited availability of staff and time resources for biosecurity. The advisory role of government veterinarians is not well recognized among farmers, who feel that their services prioritize their sanctioning role. In fact, government veterinarians consider that farmers only implement biosecurity measures to avoid being sanctioned, and not because they are aware of the importance of biosecurity. Meanwhile, the participants comment that biosecurity regulations should be flexible and need to consider the contexts of the farms where biosecurity measures are implemented. Finally, government veterinarians are willing to attend biosecurity meetings together with all farm stakeholders, at which the government services could be informed about biosecurity issues on farms. The person who could take on the biosecurity advisory role should be defined, along with further discussion of such matters as the responsibilities of each stakeholder. Government veterinary services need to be considered in studies of biosecurity operations in order to improve their implementation. It is therefore concluded that government veterinarians are seeking to balance their own institutional perspective with that of farmers and veterinarians in the routine implementation of biosecurity measures.
Lung Transplantation From Controlled and Uncontrolled Donation After Circulatory Death (DCD) Donors With Long Ischemic Times Managed by Simple Normothermic Ventilation and Ex-Vivo Lung Perfusion Assessment
Authors: Palleschi Alessandro , Zanella Alberto , Citerio Giuseppe , Musso Valeria , Rosso Lorenzo , Tosi Davide , Fumagalli Jacopo , Bonitta Gianluca , Benazzi Elena , Lopez Gianluca , Rossetti Valeria , Morlacchi Letizia Corinna , Uslenghi Clarissa , Cardillo Massimo , Blasi Francesco , Grasselli Giacomo , Valenza Franco , Nosotti Mario
Published: February 2023

Donation after cardiac death (DCD) donors are still subject of studies. In this prospective cohort trial, we compared outcomes after lung transplantation (LT) of subjects receiving lungs from DCD donors with those of subjects receiving lungs from donation after brain death (DBD) donors (ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT02061462). Lungs from DCD donors were preserved in-vivo through normothermic ventilation, as per our protocol. We enrolled candidates for bilateral LT ≥14 years. Candidates for multi-organ or re-LT, donors aged ≥65 years, DCD category I or IV donors were excluded. We recorded clinical data on donors and recipients. Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. Secondary endpoints were: duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, severe primary graft dysfunction (PGD3) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). 121 patients (110 DBD Group, 11 DCD Group) were enrolled. 30-day mortality and CLAD prevalence were nil in the DCD Group. DCD Group patients required longer MV (DCD Group: 2 days, DBD Group: 1 day, p = 0.011). ICU length of stay and PGD3 rate were higher in DCD Group but did not significantly differ. LT with DCD grafts procured with our protocols appears safe, despite prolonged ischemia times.
Do Taxes Still Affect Earning Persistence?
Authors: Pereira Ângela , Pereira Cláudia , Gomes Luís , Lima Armindo
Published: February 2023

While financial statements are the primary source of information about a firm, they tend to be under earnings management practices, namely to avoid paying tax. Therefore, we aim to examine whether taxes still affect earning persistence in an era of prevalent digital information. For that purpose, we use book–tax differences considering the deductible temporary differences and the taxable temporary differences. In addition, we analyze which of the two earnings components are more affected by taxes, specifically cash flow or accruals. We estimate econometric regressions using panel data to test our hypotheses. Through a sample of 421 small- and medium-sized (SME) Portuguese firms, between 2016 and 2020, we found empirical evidence that earning persistence tends to be lower when deductible temporary differences increase, while taxable temporary differences produce no statically significant effect. Furthermore, our results suggest that cash flow component increases more earning persistence than accruals. Therefore, deductible temporary difference may be an indicator of earnings management activities in these firms. These results are relevant, given the potential negative consequences of earnings management for the efficient decision making of stakeholders and even more because SMEs represent a substantial number of firms in European countries, particularly in Portugal.
Supporting Knowledge Workers’ Health and Well-Being in the Post-Lockdown Era
Authors: Harkiolakis Tatiana , Komodromos Marcos
Published: February 2023

The specific problem is that knowledge workers experience high levels of stress and burnout in their professional lives, a trend that increased due to the transition to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic. This integrative literature review addresses this problem by answering the following research questions: (1) How can working in the post-lockdown era allow greater well-being, job satisfaction, and job security to abide?; and (2) How can mental capital be increased in the 21st century to ensure maximum health and positive well-being in the future employment arena and on a global scale? This review contributes to the literature on worker health and wellbeing, hybrid work arrangements, and knowledge workers’ professional experiences. The findings suggest that knowledge workers can only thrive in a hybrid work environment if organizations take an empathetic approach to manage these workers and give them sufficient autonomy and flexibility in determining their work conditions, in addition to ample opportunities for social interaction and professional advancement.