bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REALIDADE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA MORBIMORTALIDADE HOSPITALAR POR ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO, DE 2015 A 2019
Authors: E Silva Luís Carlos Machado , De Oliveira Ananda Medeiros , E Araujo Ana Carolina Ribeiro de Araujo , Rosa Isabella Mota Santa , Campos Jefferson Rummenigge Nascimento , Costa Sueli de Souza , Dias Laura Rosa Carvalho , Almeida Gleydstone Teixeira , Pires José Alberto Pereira , Serra Jacira do Nascimento , De Menezes Filho José Mário , Marques Consuelo Penha Castro
Published: October 2023

Com grande impacto social por alta mortalidade e morbidade no Brasil e no Mundo, o AVC continua em destaque dentre as Doenças Crônicas Não transmissíveis. Visando oferecer subsídios técnico-científicos sobre o perfil epidemiológico desta patologia no Nordeste, este artigo consiste em um estudo de corte transversal, quantitativo, epidemiológico, de série temporal, entre os anos de 2015 a 2019, tendo por base os dados disponibilizados na plataforma DATASUS. Evidenciou-se que o ano de 2019 foi o ano com maior número de internações por esta patologia, predominando em homens. No entanto, as mulheres tiveram mais óbitos. A raça mais acometida foi a parda, com mais de 82% das internações e mais de 83% dos óbitos. Os óbitos ocorreram em todas as faixas etárias, predominando nos mais idosos. O Estado com maior quantitativo de óbitos foi a Bahia, também o mais populoso do estudo. O perfil epidemiológico geral, do paciente acometido por AVC na região Nordeste do Brasil no período avaliado, foi, homem, com idade mais avançada (a partir de 60 anos), pardo, permanecendo cerca de 7,8 dias internados. O custo total desse período, com internações por AVC, foi de R$278.874.426.3, certamente, um custo bastante oneroso ao nosso sistema de saúde. As unidades federativas com maior acometimento são também as mais populosas. Percebendo-se que, por se tratar de uma doença prevenível, com graves sequelas e que causam grandes prejuízos pessoais, sociais e econômicos, torna-se relevante que o sistema público de saúde adote rigorosas medidas para sua prevenção.
Mujeres que viajan solas: la experiencia de turistas mexicanas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (México), Mendoza Ontiveros Martha Marivel , Chávez Pérez Mara ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (México), Cortés Rivera Gloria Alicia ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (México), Bernal Anel Guillermo ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (México)
Published: October 2023

This qualitative, interpretive study explores the experiences of Mexican women tourists traveling alone within a gendered framework that views women’s opportunities and constraints as socially situated, and places women’s lives as central to the tourism research agenda. Data were collected from 20 in‑depth interviews and a thematic analysis was used to compare and contrast the data. The results revealed two aspects, the first is that the experience of traveling alone allows women to improve their self‑perception, gain confidence and experience a sense of accomplishment; on the other hand, it was found that sexualized male attention and fear of insecurity is an important limitation to live an experience of freedom. When experienc‑ ing harassment by men in the destinations they visited, women behaved fearful of being attacked or abused, and this limited their use of the recreational space offered at the destination. However, these factors did not deter women from future solo travel plans.
Residents’ perceptions of post-COVID tourism. The case of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Rodríguez-Darias Alberto Jonay , Díaz Rodríguez Pablo ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España)
Published: October 2023

The perceptions and attitudes of residents in tourist destinations have been a relevant object of research almost since the beginning of academic interest in tourism. This paper analyses the implica‑ tions of the temporary suspension of tourism activity (as a consequence of pandemic control strategies) on the attitudes and perceptions about tourism of residents in a mature, mass tourism destination with very low seasonality. A quantitative methodological approach is proposed, based on a survey of 749 residents in Tenerife. It is argued that the experience of an environment without tourists for the first time in decades has facilitated processes of re‑symbolisation of the qualities of the surrounding tourism system, facilitating significant modifications. Likewise, in accordance with the literature, the influence of variables related to the involvement in the tourist system and its valuation by residents, especially the receipt of economic income from this activity, has been detected. Given the high economic dependence on tourism on the island, it was expected that the halt in tourism would lead to a greater recognition of its importance and value. However, the results showed that the opposite was true.
Ex Libris Tour: how can emblem books inspire new proposals for literary tourism?
Authors:   Universidade de Coimbra (Portugal), Araújo Filipa Medeiros
Published: October 2023

This paper aims at discussing how emblem studies can contribute to creating new literary tour‑ ism products, by questioning to what extent the selected places fit into the categories of literary destinations. It proposes drawing differentiated routes across Europe, curated by scientific knowledge, showing the po‑ tential of Alciato’s Emblemata (1531) as an inspiring resource for literary tourism. Based on the theoretical research of comparative studies, literary tourism and emblems, this case study shows how the hermeneutic process of decoding meanings can lead people (tourists, guides and stakeholders) to connect with artistic heritage by interpreting its symbolic language and value. The proposal explores a new perspective in liter‑ ary tourism products through emblem studies, fostering a deeper knowledge of the impact of active reading skills on cultural experiences. It considers that literary expertise encourages people to travel differently and reframes the concept of “emblematic places” on tourist routes.
Le tourisme et la valorisation symbolique de l’espace rural
Authors:    Centre Européen de Sociologie et Science Politique (Francia), Lafoz Mayra , Ramiro Patrícia Alves ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba (Barsil)
Published: October 2023

Based on two ethnographic studies carried out by Brazilian anthropologists, this article presents different strata of a game of representations forged in a French rural space where forms of symbolic valori‑ sation have been implemented that collaborate in the construction of French regional identities: the cheese heritage and farm tourism. Responding to the context of modernisation of agriculture which coexists with the policies of heritage in the rural landscape, the idealised representations of the French countryside are intended to obscure the reality of modern high‑yield agriculture to the effects of tourism.
Tecnologías aplicadas para la accesibilidad en espacios culturales protegidos. Caso: Centro Cultural Victoria Ocampo, Mar del Plata
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (Argentina), Slavin Estefania
Published: October 2023

Architectural heritage with cultural functions has a hierarchical role in cities as a testimony to history and a promoter of activities for both locals and tourists. Physical, sensory, intellectual and commu‑ nicational accessibility is a pending issue in most of the properties, particularly in the city of Mar del Plata. Given the need and the challenge of contributing to promoting equal access, use and enjoyment of these spaces, the potential that the incorporation and articulation of new technologies means is recognized. In this sense, a project is under development for the Victoria Ocampo Cultural Center, which takes as its main target the population with visual disabilities. To do this and through the work of an interdisciplinary team, this research‑action focuses on the contributions of 3D printing and augmented reality.
Inovação, Empreendedorismo e Artes e Ofícios Tradicionais. Estudo de caso da Região Viseu Dão Lafões
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Viseu (Portugal), Pato Maria Lúcia
Published: October 2023

With the changes manifested in rural areas over the last few decades, the preservation of these ter‑ ritories and their people is associated with the ability of the local population to innovate, often using endogenous resources. Traditional Arts and Crafts (TACs), allied to other local economic activities, constitute instruments of local socioeconomic regeneration. Starting from a research based on the websites of the fourteen municipalities of the interior region Viseu Dão Lafões in Portugal, complemented with analysis of bibliographic information regarding the initiatives described in the same websites, in this study, it is intended to observe what is the dis‑ semination that is made by the websites of the municipalities in the region and explore the innovation imprinted by these initiatives. The results suggest that despite the existence of notable examples of TACs initiatives in the region, with a clear focus on innovation – product, process, organizational and marketing, the promotion carried out by the municipalities is (still) modest. Taking into account the artisanal nature of these initiatives themselves, the scarcity of human and financial resources in the municipalities where they are located, but their contribution to strengthening the regional identity and to tourism, institutional support, namely in terms of the promotion that is carried out and animation practices involving artisans, must be reinforced.
APPLICATION OF THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM IN A DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING NETWORK
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Zverev I. Yu. , Rasskazova M. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

In this paper, the application of the assignment problem in the distributed numerical system of a credit institution is considered. The problem statement for this system differs from the classical assignment problem. An iterative algorithm for solving this problem has been developed. Computational experiments were carried out using Microsoft Excel.
SIMULATION STUDIES OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION IN THE SERVER COMPLEX
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Zadorozhny V. I. , Denisov O. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

A simulation model of a server complex is proposed for distributing the computational load using a server-balancer. The load distribution model between servers was created in the MATLAB/Simulink/SimEvents/Stateflow environment. The model is discrete-event and allows to take into account the random nature of the moments of occurrence of applications and the variable duration of the delay in the arrival of tasks
EXPERT EVALUATION OF THE CLASS SCHEDULE DURING ITS COMPILATION AND CORRECTION
Authors:   University of Architecture and Construction, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ismibeyli R. E. , Rzayeva S. H. ,   Institute of Control Systems of ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: October 2023

An approach is presented to the formation of evaluative (target) functions of the quality of the schedule in order to further automate the processes of monitoring, evaluating and analyzing changes directly during the work on compiling and adjusting the schedule of classes. The approach provides the possibility of operational work with the schedule, taking into account the values of the evaluation functions, the selection of the best possible options for changing the schedule in order to improve the values of the evaluation functions.
APPLICATION OF EXPERT METHODS TO ASSESS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE GLASS MAKING PROCESS
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Dmitriev P. E. , Kaliberda E. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

The features of glass melting process are considered, the factors influencing the quality of glass mass are analyzed, the classification of influence factors in the form of affinity diagram is presented, the most important influence factors are identified and their cross-assessment is carried out with the help of expert evaluation methods. On the basis of the analysis, proposals for minimizing the impact of the identified factors on the glass melting process have been developed
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE STABILITY OF THE ALGORITHM FOR IDENTIFYING THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY COEFFICIENT IN THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CASE
Authors:   Federal Research Center ", Evtushenko Yu. G. ,   Computer Science and Control",   of the Russian Academy of Sciences,  Moscow, Russia, Zubov V. I. ,   Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences,  Moscow, Russia, Albu A. F. ,   Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences,  Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2023

The problem of identification the temperature dependent thermal conductivity of a substance on temperature in the three-dimensional case is considered. The algorithm for solving the problem is based on the application of the Fast Automatic Differentiation technique. A numerical stability analysis of the obtained solutions is carried out. It is shown that the perturbation of the restored thermal conductivity coefficient is of the same order as the perturbation of the experimental data that caused it.
ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF SHEWHART CHARTS TO A SYSTEM BUILT ON A MICRO SERVICE ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Rogozhina E. A. , Tyumentsev E. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

Shuhart control cards act as the main tool for statistical process management, allowing to avoid losses in production processes. The effectiveness of using Shuhart control cards as a method of detecting the breakdown of random processes to a system built on a microservice architecture is considered. The research methods are comparative analysis and experiment. The results of the study are the correlation between the detected anomalies of the Shuhart control cards and the incidents created from the work stand by technical support.
CONTROL OF SOURCE PARAMETERS IN NON-LOCAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS OF A DYNAMIC SYSTEM
Authors:   Bake State University, Baku, Azerbaijan  Institute of Control Systems of Azerbaijan NAS, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ashrafova Y. R.
Published: October 2023

The problem of optimizing the values of source parameters in nonlocal boundary conditions of a system of ordinary differential equations is solved. The system consists of a large number of ODE subsystems with unseparated boundary conditions. Necessary conditions for optimality with respect to source parameters are obtained. The results of the conducted numerical experiments are presented on the test problem.
DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL VALUES OF KINETIC VELOCITY CONSTANTS OF ELEMENTARY STAGES FOR POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia, Gizzatova E. R. , Ismagilova A. S. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia, Shagiakhmetov A. R. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
Published: October 2023

Kinetic and mathematical models are given in the paper for the polymerization process under consideration. Mathematical interpretations of direct and inverse kinetic problems are given. The latter is reduced to finding the values of the kinetic constants of the elementary stages of the polymerization process. For preliminary localization of their values and narrowing of the permissible range of their variation, the paper proposes a method for constructing a functional surface in the basic space.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC TEACHING AID ON THE DISCIPLINE «OLYMPIAD TASKS IN MATHEMATICS»
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Bardal Y. S. , Devyaterikova M. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

The paper describes the process of implementing the electronic textbook «Differential and Integral Calculus», using the designer of electronic courses ISpring Suite. The compliance with the state standard of information and communication technologies in the field of education, structure and content of the electronic textbook. With the help of the set cover problem, optimal tests are formed, consisting of practical tasks and covering a set of knowledge elements.
COLORIZATION OF BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOS BASED ON A NEURAL NETWORK MODEL
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Pivovarov V. D. , Rasskazova M. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the development of a neural network model for colorization of black and white images. The main issues that arise when designing a neural network model for solving this problem are described. The choice of switching to work with the LAB color space from RGB is justified. The GAN architecture is described. The U-Net architecture is described. Models of the generator and discriminator are constructed. The tools used in the development of the neural network are described.
OPTIMIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF CUSTOMER SERVICE IN A MULTI-FUNCTIONAL CENTER BASED ON SIMULATION MODELING
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Pronnikova T. I. , Rasskazova M. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the problem of building a simulation model of customer service in a multifunctional center providing public and municipal services to optimize business processes. The logical scheme of the simulation model based on UML-diagrams has been developed. A 3D model of customer location and service at the multifunctional center has been created. Experiments have been conducted for different variants of queuing. Proposals for optimizing the work has been developed. The software AnyLogic was used as an implementation tool.
ALGORITHM FOR BUILDING A THEMATIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Shevtsov V. V. , Kaneva O. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2023

The paper provides an overview of the algorithm for constructing the thematic profile of the project and its work. The key models and methods of solving the problem of mathematical modeling, as one of the parts of the algorithm, are considered. The software implementation of all its parts has been completed and debugged, the quality of its work with different parameters has been checked to obtain the best result. For the algorithm itself, its advantages, the existing place of its application and possible development prospects are described.
Gossypiboma – “string of pearls” sign may be diagnostic: A case report
Authors: Odion Clement , Okomayin Andrew Akarutu , Tagar Esteem , Odigie Vincent Isibor , Okparaojiego Chinonye Sixtus , Aisabokhale Odiamehi
Published: October 2023

Gossypiboma is a retained non-absorbable material composed of the common cotton matrix. It is an unexpected surgeon’s “never event” with serious medicolegal implications. We present a case of a young woman who came to our facility 6 days after an emergency cesarean section for prolonged labor in a private hospital with features in keeping with post-operative peritonitis. Pre-operative abdominal radiographs revealed bowel loops that were majorly gasless, except for a row of small round pockets of gas running horizontally across the right hemi-abdomen, giving the “string-of-pearls” sign. She was optimized for an emergency laparotomy. The intraoperative finding was a retained sponge walled off by loops of the dilated small bowel. Within this cavity was found 400 mL of pus. The sponge was removed with ease and the pus was drained with a good post-operative outcome. The finding of a gasless abdomen on a plain radiograph is a thing of concern as small bowel obstruction with or without bowel ischemia is the most feared cause of a gasless abdomen which can be life threatening. Therefore, a gossypiboma should always be considered in a post-surgical patient with abdominal radiographic findings of a gasless abdomen; in particular, with the “string-of-pearls” appearance present. This case highlights that retention of foreign bodies after surgery is a persisting “never event” and as such there is the need to comply with current recommendations on the prevention of retained foreign bodies. The most important approach to reducing the incidence of gossypiboma is prevention. Thus, awareness of this problem is mandatory to avoid unnecessary morbidities.
“Post-COVID Complications” – The Long-term Effects After Recovery
Authors: Bhagat Ritika , Yadav Tapan , Siddhapuria Yash , Bindu Radhika , Rathod Mrudangsinh , Dikkatwar Manoj
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The aim was to investigate the evidence of post-COVID complications.

Material and Methods:

This study has summarized scientific articles retrieved from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar from March 2020 to October 2022 using keywords.

Results:

More than 35 articles have been reviewed and found 10 leading complications that occurred widely. Bibliographic materials such as systematic reviews, case studies, meta-analyses, research, and review articles were also reviewed.

Conclusion:

In this review, we focused on and summarized the leading post-COVID-19 complications that have occurred worldwide.
Three-Year Experience With Combined Complex Skin Repair in Patients With Extensive Burns: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gao Xingxin , Zhang Min , Song Dezhi , Wei Jialing , Lin Yuan , Wu Yajun , Zhong Chaoyi , Li Dehui , Xiang Bangde
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The Meek micrografting technique used in STSG expansion is effective in achieving wide and rapid coverage of burn wounds. Certain growth factors have also been shown to modulate or mediate wound healing. Objective. In this study, a combined treatment approach for severe burns involving the Meek micrografting technique, systemic application of rhGH, and topical application of rhEGF was evaluated. Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was conducted of 7 extensively burned patients who were treated with the Meek technique, systemic application of rhGH, and topical application of rhEGF between January 2017 and December 2019. Results. The mean percent TBSA burned was 89%. An average of 9.5 surgical procedures were performed to obtain skin cover, with an average of 5.8 Meek micrograft procedures performed in the 6 surviving patients. Complete wound healing was achieved at an average of 120 days in the 6 surviving patients. The mean graft take rate was 81%. Infection was the main reason for graft failure. Donor sites were used for up to 5 re-harvestings without additional morbidity. Conclusions. A multipronged treatment approach that combines the Meek micrografting technique, systemic application of rhGH, and topical application of rhEGF is a promising tool for the management of severe and extensive burns.
Urinary Bladder Matrix Devices Support Closure in Complex Sacral Wounds
Authors: Cotler Harrison , Baker Hannah
Published: October 2023

The management of sacral wounds is often complicated by patient comorbidities and anatomical factors. This retrospective case series describes the management of 5 complex sacral wounds in which UBM devices were applied to facilitate wound closure. The wounds in this series were exacerbated by comorbidities and challenging wound presentations including tunneling and exposed bone. In this series, application of UBM particulate and sheets supported progressive wound closure, marked by neo-tissue formation and depth reduction with closure of tunneling in all cases. Results from this series underscore the utility of UBM devices in the management of sacral wounds and especially those further hindered by extensive tunneling.
BASHY Dyes Are Highly Efficient Lipid Droplet-targeting Photosensitizers That Induce Ferroptosis Through Lipid Peroxidation
Authors: Silva Maria , Zhang Yiyi , Vinck Robin , Santos Fábio , António João , Gourdon-Grünewaldt Lisa , Zaouter Charlotte , Castonguay Annie , Patten Shunmoogum , Cariou Kevin , Boscá Francisco , Nájera Francisco , Arteaga Jesús , Gasser Gilles , Pischel Uwe , Gois Pedro
Published: October 2023

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven mechanism of cell death and a promising therapeutic target to eradicate cancer cells. In this study we discovered that boronic acid derived salicylidenehydrazone (BASHY) dyes are highly efficient singlet-oxygen photosensitizers (PSs; quantum yields up to 0.8) that induce ferroptosis triggered by photodynamic therapy. The best performing BASHY dye displayed a high phototoxicity against the human glioblastoma multiform U87 cell line, with an IC50 value in the low nanomolar range (4.40 nM) and a remarkable phototoxicity index (PI > 22700). Importantly, BASHY dyes were shown to accumulate in lipid droplets and this intracellular partition was found to be essential for the enhanced phototoxicity and the induction of ferroptosis through lipid peroxidation. The safety and phototoxcity of this platform were validated in in vivo studies on zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio).
Unveiling the Energy Storage Mechanism of MXenes under the Acidic Condition through Transitions of Surface Functionalizations
Authors: Bo Zheng , Chen Yucheng , Yu Qian , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa , Liu Zhu
Published: October 2023

The high capacitive performance of MXenes in acidic electrolytes have made them potential electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this study, we conducted a structural analysis of MXene surface functionalizations by identifying the surface group distribution pattern and revealed the energy storage process of MXene surface chemistry by combining a complete Pourbaix stability diagram and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Pourbaix diagram indicated that pH controls the surface termination; an acidic pH generates favorable initial surfaces of MXenes with a specific distribution of functional groups (ten hydroxyls with respect to eighteen total locations for the selected surface unit). Using this, we report the charging and uncharging process of MXenes with transitions of surface oxygenic groups (-OH and -O) via hydrogen ion adsorptions and desorptions on the MXene surface. Our results demonstrated that transitions of surface functionalizations contribute to comparable pseudocapacitance and electrostatic capacitance for MXenes. These findings provide insights into understanding the MXene energy storage mechanism by controlling surface functionalizations through the experimental reaction environment and synthesis condition.
Molecular origins of the ultrafast relaxation of a photoexcited hydrated electron
Authors: Paz Amiel , Glover William
Published: October 2023

Recent experiments have shown conclusively that the photoexcited hydrated electron has a non-radiative lifetime of ~50 fs. However, theoretical studies have been unable to rationalize such an ultrafast timescale and a molecular mechanism has remained elusive. To address this, we simulated the excited-state dynamics of this species with our recently developed quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics technology. Analyzing the evolution of the hydrated electron's ground and excited-state wavefunctions within a charge-transfer picture reveals that the lobes of the excited p state undergo a rapid separation which closes the energy gap to the ground state and promotes internal conversion on an ultrafast timescale. The lobe separation is seen to correlate with hydrogen bond rearrangements in the first few solvation shells of the electron.
Accelerated Hit Identification with Target Evaluation, Deep Learning and Automated Labs: Prospective Validation in IRAK1
Authors: Kamuntavičius Gintautas , Prat Alvaro , Paquet Tanya , Bastas Orestis , Abdel Aty Hisham , Sun Quing , Andersen Carsten , Harman John , Siladi Marc , Rines Dan , Flatters Sarah J. L. , Tal Roy , Norvaisas Povilas
Published: October 2023

In this study, we synergistically integrate Ro5's target evaluation (SpectraView) and deep-learning-driven virtual screening (HydraScreen) tools with Strateos automated robotic cloud lab optimized for ultra high-throughput screening, to experimentally validate Ro5's tools. This integrated approach leads to a significant acceleration in the processes of target identification and hit discovery. By using SpectraView to select IRAK1 as the focal point of our investigation, we prospectively validate HydraScreen structure-based deep learning model. We can achieve the identification of an 23.8% of all IRAK1 hits within the top 1% of ranked compounds. HydraScreen also outperforms traditional virtual screening techniques and offers advanced features such as ligand pose confidence scoring. Simultaneously, we identify three potent (nanomolar) scaffolds from our compound library, two of which represent novel candidates for IRAK1 and hold potential for future development. Our platforms and innovative tools promise to expedite the early stages of drug discovery.
Size-resolved identification and quantification of micro/nano-plastics in indoor air using pyrolysis gas chromatography-ion mobility mass spectrometry
Authors: Hashemihedeshi Mahin , Haywood Ethan , Gatch Daniel , Jantunen Liisa , Helm Paul , Diamond Miriam , Dorman Frank , Cahill Lindsay , Jobst Karl
Published: October 2023

Humans are exposed to differing levels of micro-/nanoplastics (MNPs) through inhalation, but few studies have attempted to measure <1 µm MNPs in air, in part due to a paucity of analytical methods. We developed an approach to identify and quantify MNPs in indoor air using a novel pyrolysis gas chromatographic cyclic ion mobility mass spectrometer (pyr-GCxcIMS). Four common plastic types were targeted for identification, namely (polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The method was applied to size-resolved particulate (56 nm-18µm) collected from two different indoor environments using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactors (MOUDI) model 110 cascade impactor. Comprehensive two-dimensional separation by GCxcIMS also enabled the retrospective analysis of other polymers and plastic additives. The mean concentrations of MNP particles with diameters <10 µm and <2.5 µm in the laboratory were 47 ± 5 and 27 ± 4 µg/m3 respectively. In the private residence, the concentrations were 24 ± 3 and 16 ± 2 µg/m3. PS was the most abundant MNP type in both locations. Approximately 57-67% of MNPs were characterized by particle diameters <2.5 µm, and 50-60% of the total particulate matter in the private residence was plastic. Non-targeted screening revealed the presence of plastic additives, such as TDCPP (Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate) whose abundance correlated with that of polyurethane (PU). This is consistent with their use as flame retardants in PU-based upholstered furniture and building insulation. This study provides evidence of exposure to MNPs which constitute over half of PM2.5 indoors and underlines the need for further study of this route of exposure to MNPs and the plastics additives carried with them.
Applying Nuclear Forward Scattering as in situ and operando Tool for the Characterization of FeN4 moieties in the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Heppe Nils , Gallenkamp Charlotte , Snitkoff-Sol Rifael , Paul Stephen , Segura-Salas Nicole , Moritz Dominik , Kaiser Bernd , Jaegermann Wolfram , Potapkin Vasily , Jafari Atefeh , Schünemann Volker , Leupold Olaf , Elbaz Lior , Krewald Vera , Kramm Ulrike
Published: October 2023

Nuclear forward scattering (NFS) is a synchrotron-based technique relying on the recoil-free nuclear resonance effect similar to Mössbauer spectroscopy. In this work, we introduce NFS for in situ and operando measurements during electrocatalytic reactions. The technique enables faster data acquisition and better discrimination of certain iron sites in comparison to Mössbauer spectroscopy. It is directly accessible at various synchrotrons to a broad community of researchers and applicable to multiple metal isotopes. We demonstrate the power of this technique with the hydrogen evolution mechanism of an immobilized iron porphyrin supported on carbon. Such catalysts are often considered as model systems for iron-nitrogen-carbon (FeNC) catalysts. Using in situ and operando NFS in combination with theoretical predictions of spectroscopic data enables the identification of the intermediate that is formed prior to the rate determining step. The conclusions on the reaction mechanism can be used for future optimization of immobilized molecular catalysts and metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) catalysts.
Can Mesoscopic Persistent Currents Thrive in Metal Nanoparticles at Room Temperature?
Authors: Ghosh Siddharth
Published: October 2023

Mesoscopic persistent current phenomena have sought significant attention, initially observed in metal micro-ring structures at cryogenic temperatures and subsequently in metal nanoparticles at room temperature. This paper explores the underlying physics of this intriguing phenomenon and explores potential explanations proposed by various research groups. Specifically, we focus on two major theoretical approaches, each shedding light on the unique characteristics of mesoscopic persistent currents. The first approach draws upon Fermi-Dirac statistics to elucidate the behaviour of electrons in mesoscopic systems. This classical framework has provided valuable insights into the quantum mechanical aspects of persistent currents in confined metal structures. In contrast, a very recent and promising theoretical avenue incorporates the concept of spin-orbit coupling, which has emerged as a novel explanation for mesoscopic persistent currents. This approach highlights the role of intrinsic spin properties of electrons and their interactions with the crystal lattice, offering a fresh perspective on this phenomenon. Moreover, this paper underscores the important role played by geometry in shaping mesoscopic persistent currents. By examining the intricate interplay between material properties and structural design, we establish a clear link between the geometry of the system and the manifestation of persistent currents. In summary, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of mesoscopic persistent currents in metal microstructures, offering a comparative analysis of two major theoretical approaches—Fermi-Dirac statistics and spin-orbit coupling. Through this exploration, we enhance our understanding of the fascinating interplay between quantum physics, material science, and geometry in the manifestation of persistent currents in mesoscopic systems.
Drug therapy’s new options in the treatment of the severe irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Makarova Alina A. , Ruchkina Irina N. , Diukova Galina M. , Romashkina Nataliy V. , Indejkina Lilia Kh. , Degterev Daniil A. , Parfenov Asfold I.
Published: October 2023

Background. Stress, individual characteristics of each patient, visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal motility have the key importance in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in the complex therapy of IBS patients with somatoform disorders.
Aim. To examine the effectiveness of the SNRIs antidepressant therapy in the treatment of patients with IBS and diarrhea (IBS-D) with extraintestinal manifestations.
Materials and methods. 42 patients with severe IBS and diarrhea (IBS-D) were examined, among them 22 female with a median age of 32 years old (22; 38), and 20 male with a median age of 31 years old (25; 35). Treatment with duloxetine 60 mg/day was prescribed. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed after eight weeks. The IBS clinical symptoms dynamics were assessed by the intensity of pain syndrome and bloating, which were determined using Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS), stool frequency and shape based on the Bristol stool scale; Visceral sensitivity threshold was assessed according to the Balloon dilatation test. There was studied the effect of the duloxetine on the extraintestinal manifestations of IBS. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the Beck scale of anxiety and depression and the SpielbergerKhanin scale by psychiatrist, neurologist-vegetol.
Results. All patients showed positive dynamics after eight weeks duloxetine treatment: the decrease of pain syndrome from 9 (9; 10) to 2 (2; 3) points, bloating from 8 (8; 9) points to 2,5 (1; 3) points according to VAS, and defecation frequency from 10 (9; 12) to 2 (1; 2) times a day; the change of stool consistency from 6th (6; 7) to 3rd (3; 4) type. The visceral sensitivity threshold increased: the time of appearance of the first urge to defecate increased from 56 (34; 74) ml to 95 (80; 98) ml. Significantly decreased extraintestinal manifestations of IBS. In reassessing each patients individual characteristics there were the decrease of the depression level according to the Beck scale from 26 (23; 32) to 11.5 (10; 13) points and personal personal anxiety level according to the SpielbergerKhanin scale from 42.5 (35; 53) to 22 (20; 24) points, as well as the decrease of situational anxiety from 40 (37; 49) to 22 (21; 36) points.
Conclusion. The severe course of IBS-D is mainly associated with the patients individual characteristics and anxiety or anxiety-depressive syndromes. The positive impact of duloxetine therapy in severe IBS-D with extraintestinal manifestations is associated with the regulation of serotonergic and noradrenergic activity of the central.
Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Bicbavova Galiya R. , Drapkina Oksana M. , Livzan Maria A. , Lisyutenko Natalia S. , Romanyuk Alisa E.
Published: October 2023

Background. Given the current trends in increasing the life expectancy of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), the study of the risk of atherothrombotic events in them requires study. For effective prevention of cardiovascular diseases, it is necessary to assess cardiovascular risk factors since the concept of their timely detection is the basic one when planning preventive measures.
Aim. To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with UC.
Materials and methods. One hundred eighty four UC patients participated in the case-control study; 56 participants were included in the control group. The studied parameters are unmodified, behavioral, and biological factors of cardiovascular risk. The study participants were surveyed, examined, measured blood pressure, height, weight, the level of total cholesterol was studied, and the lipid spectrum was analyzed in 80 patients with UC. Parametric and nonparametric statistical methods were used.
Results. UC patients consumed fruit less often, drank tea and coffee with sugar more often, exercised less often and experienced high levels of stress. A higher incidence of arterial hypertension in UC patients was established, even though the fact of taking glucocorticosteroids was considered. No significant differences were found in the assessment of relative and total cardiovascular risk.
Conclusion. Risk management of cardiovascular diseases in UC patients should focus on a personalized approach and timely screening of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors with their subsequent correction. The absence of significant differences in the level of relative and total cardiovascular risk indicates a limited contribution of traditional risk factors to the development of cardiovascular diseases in UC patients.
Acceptance of Agricultural Takaful Among Crop Farmers in Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman Sagir Muhammad , Bunu Mohammed Alhaji , Alkassim Jubril Lawan
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The primary aim of this research is to examine the elements that influence the acceptance of agriculture Takaful among crop producers in Yobe State. To achieve this, the study will focus on several specific objectives, including evaluating the impact of awareness, attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms on the acceptance of agricultural Takaful among crop farmers in Yobe state. Methodology: The study employed descriptive analysis using frequencies, percentages and inferential statistics using structural equation model as technique of data analysis. In this study, the data was analyzed by using software packages for social science, namely SPSS version 22, and AMOS version 21. Findings: The result shows that; awareness of crop farmers towards agricultural Takaful in Yobe State was positive and statistically not significant. While attitude, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms of crop farmers in the study area was positive and statistically significant. Research Limitations/Implications: This study focuses solely on exploring the farmers' willingness to adopt agricultural Takaful in Yobe state, specifically within the Damaturu local government area. The research exclusively relies on primary data obtained from participants through questionnaires. The reason for using this approach is that crop farming constitutes a significant portion of the economic activities in the study area
Concept and Scale Development of Karimah Work Ambition
Authors: Prasetiyo Alfian Yuda , Widodo Widodo , Ratnawati Alifah
Published: October 2023

Purpose: This study aims to examine a new model that fills the gaps and limitations of the previous concept, namely work ambition, which is inconsistent with Islamic values. This study presents the concept of karimah work ambition that can be accepted by Muslim employees so that it will help them achieve their best career without violating Islamic values. Methodology: The method used is a simple random sampling of employees of the Navigation District in Semarang City, Indonesia. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) N = 80 indicate a scale capable of measuring karimah work ambition. The results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (First-Order CFA) show that all indicators can explain latent constructs with outer loading values > 0.7. The structured Karimah work ambition scale has passed the psychometric property test, so it can be applied. Findings: The results of the study show that karimah work ambition is built on four dimensions, namely Amanah (trustworthiness) in dealing with challenges, Rida (acceptance) to the results of self-development, Shobaro (Patient) in will and Shiddiq (Honest) In will. Originality: This article is perhaps the only one that explores the concept of work ambition based on Islamic values. Practical and Social Implication: This research will provide leaders with knowledge on how to manage the ambitions of their employees without deviating from Islamic value. In addition, this research will provide knowledge to employees about how ambitious they are to achieve their careers based on Islamic values.
Thematic classification of English abbreviations for control in language teaching and its organization
Authors: Chernovaty Leonid , Kovalchuk Natalia
Published: October 2023

The article suggests a system of thematic subgroups (TSG) of English abbreviations within the thematic group (TG) ‘Control, tests and exams in language teaching’. Based on similar research into the Ukrainian specialized terms thematic classification, the authors justify the relevance of their study by the lack of sufficient research on English abbreviations and the need to work out their thematic typology. The purpose of the article is to develop the said TSG system, and the tasks involve the selection of terminological corpus, its analysis, outlining conclusions and prospects. theoretical background. The English terminology system is based on certain conceptual features, which allow integrating its components into certain TGs, viewed as the term clusters, having some common denotative features. The distribution of terms among TGs is believed to be essential for the development of terminological systems. The research corpus includes 101 abbreviations selected from the original relevant-domain English-language sources. Findings. Abbreviations-related TSGs within the said TG have varying degrees of complexity (which is the highest one within such TSGs as ‘Tests and the relevant notions’ – 42%, ‘Certificates’ – 32%, ‘Diplomas’– 19%), quantitative composition, structural type, parts of speech their full forms belong to, as well as the term formation models. The number of components in the analyzed abbreviations ranges from two to nine. However, the overwhelming majority of them comprise three to five elements. As far as the term-building models are concerned, acronyms prevail, though some combined models occur as well, such as apocope-related ones. Conclusions and prospects of further research. The common conceptual features of all TPGs provide for their thematic integrity, logic and clarity. The number of components of the constituents within the analyzed TG has a wider range as compared to other TGs. The term-building models, their structural characteristics and the translation techniques to render the analyzed abbreviations into other languages require additional study, which constitutes the prospect of further research.
Design and analysis of ternary delay flip-flop implemented with carbon nanotube field effect transistor
Authors: Pradeep Singh Yadav , Chinmay Chandrakar , Anil Kumar Sahu
Published: October 2023

Flip-flops serve as fundamental memory storage elements in digital circuits, and their efficiency significantly affects overall circuit performance. The aim of this study is to create a D flip-flop based on ternary logic and evaluate its performance in comparison to flip-flops that have already been designed. The proposed D flip-flop design leverages Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs). CNTFETs offer unique properties that can enhance the speed and power efficiency of flip-flop design. To evaluate the performance of the proposed design, it was simulated using the HSPICE simulator with a 32 nm Stanford CNTFET model. The simulation parameters include a power supply voltage of 0.9 volts and an operating frequency of 1 GHz. These specific settings allow researchers to analyze the behavior and performance of flip-flops under realistic operating conditions. By comparing the simulation results of the proposed D flipflop with the performance of previously designed flip-flops, the improvements are assessed in terms of the speed and power consumption. The simulation results provide valuable insights into the efficiency, reliability, and responsiveness of the proposed design. The findings of this research contribute to the advancement of digital circuit design by introducing a novel D flip-flop based on ternary logic and CNTFET technology. The goal is to enhance the overall performance efficiency of digital circuits, particularly in applications where D flip-flops are used as building blocks such as shift registers.
Design of duty cycle correction circuit using ASIC implementation for high speed communication
Authors: Siddesh K. B. , Roopa S. , Farzana Parveen B. A. , Tanuja T.
Published: October 2023

This research proposed an accurate Duty Cycle Correction (DCC) circuit for high-frequency systems with high measurement accuracy. It is a crucial component of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits and is applied as a percentage of the measured average power of a modulated signal to obtain the signal power. This circuit uses two stages of correction, with the first stage performing course correction and the second stage performing fine corrections. This allows the power to be determined during the pulse given the measurement of the average power of a modulated signal with a known duty cycle. DCC have improved stability, correction range, and operating frequency compared with mixed-signal and all-digital DCCs. In this analysis, the duty cycle correction circuits and their significance in Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) design, along with typical implementation methods, are discussed.