bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Ökologie der Person – Kantische Motive des Personbegriffs in Karol Wojtyłas Person und Tat
Authors: Waleszczuk Zbigniew
Published: September 2014

Apart from many legitimate concerns about ecology, the most important contemporary concern should be of anthropological nature and must address the human being as a person (Benedikt XVI). What is man? Are human beings free? What should human beings do? These Kantian questions also describe the main starting points of Karol Wojtyła’s philosophy in The Acting Person.With regard to the importance of the question (ecology of man) our challenge is divided into three parts. First, man is a person; second, his call is to liberty and last, responsible love is an emanation of personal dignity. In this manner the three important points in Wojtyła’s philosophy (person, liberty, love) are well characterized. The essence of man is his personal dignity as a source for the possibility of free (responsible) decisions – “the act”. The experience of morality is included in the experience of being a person. Wojtyła poses the question “how do I understand who I am throughout my acts?” Like Kant, the author emphasizes the importance of free will, conscientiousness as an obligation, which speaks to the conscious person. I determine myself through my own decision (person´s actions). For Wojtyła, participation in love is the basis of all human personal experiences. “Only persons participate in love”. Participation in the character of the other becomes – in the language of Wojtyła – “the choice of the other person in myself ”.
Kontemplacja a poznanie w filozofii Plotyna
Authors: Stróżyński Mateusz
Published: September 2014

Plotinus’ mysticism is a controversial field of study. While some scholars see in it the essential aspect of his system, others consider it to be of little importance. Interpretations of the “mystical union” with the One also differ from monistic to theistic, and the debate seems to be far from an ultimate conclusions. This paper is an attempt to find a different approach to this problem, namely, by examining relationships between contemplation (which appears to be a more useful term than “mystical experience”) and knowledge in the system of Plotinus. It is suggested that the two main types of contemplation are “noetic” contemplation, which is a paradigm for knowledge and derives from Plato’s and Aristotle’s account of noesis, and “hypernoetic” contemplation which is a borderline phenomenon for ancient philosophy, because it is a state of beatifying unknowing. While noetic contemplation is more typical of Western philosophy, hypernoetic contemplation is a phenomenon similar to what Eastern mystical religions strive for. Even though Plotinus’ philosophy seems to incorporate an experience that is central to the Eastern thought, the author of the Enneads remains a profoundly Western thinker, trying to put the state of contemplative unknowing in the context of intellectual, rational pursuit of truth and happiness.
O nacjonalizmie w filozofii
Authors: Frank Siemion L. , Czardybon Barbara
Published: September 2014

The article is a translation into Polish Semyon L. Frank’s review of Vladimir F. Ern’s famous work entitled A few words about Logos, the Russian philosophy and scientific spirit. Because of the new philosophical journal „Logos”. The author of this review regards Ern’s article as a eulogy of Russian philosophical thought. Ern rejects the whole “modern Western philosophical awareness.” It is – as he claims – imbued with the principle of ratio, hostile to the idea of Logos, expressed in Russian philosophy and the Orthodox Church. First and foremost, Frank accuses Ern of a vague outline of the concept of ratio. According to the author of the review, the principle of ratio is a fundamental feature of the concept of philosophy as such, and the history of ancient philosophy is the history of the origin of rational science. He stresses that Ern blurs the difference that exists between philosophy and religion and Ern’s hidden thought is the belief that religion better replaces philosophy. According to him, Ern is a conceited and blind nationalist who lacks a proper perspective on the assessment of his native philosophy and, at the same time, he impertinently tramples on the eternal values of European thought. Ultimately Frank supports the development of philosophical culture in Russia not writing off the meaning of the relations of thought with Western heritage.
Pojęcie boskiej wiecznej teraźniejszości w kontekście matematycznej analizy niestandardowej
Authors: Dadaczyński Jerzy
Published: September 2014

The paper presents, first, existing problems related to the concept of (divine) eternal present. In order to solve these problems, there is presented a mathematical tool of non-standard analysis as proposed by German mathematicians C. Schmieden and D. Laugwitz. Time of created world is identified with the line of real numbers. The “place” of real number zero is filled with an infinite set of infinitely small numbers. This set is identified with God’s time. Then it is possible so to define the relationship of simultaneity that it is non-transitive, which eliminates the paradoxes associated with the concept of (God’s) eternal present. It appears, that by using the tools of non-standard analysis the issue of divine eternal present makes sense.
Rodzina jako fundament kształtowania człowieka. Szkic do Metafizyki macierzyństwa Wilhelma Schappa
Authors: Nowikow Igor
Published: September 2014

Wilhelm Schapp, the German philosopher (a student of Edmund Husserl), wrote his treatise “Zur Metaphysik des Muttertums” in 1937, but the book was not published until 1965, fourteen days before the author’s death. Its theme is motherhood and family. This article attempts to interpret Wilhelm Schapp`s text; the subject of the analysis is, firstly, the meaning of the title phrase “Metaphysik des Muttertums” (“metaphysics of motherhood”), and secondly, the role of the family in the educational process. In his metaphysical work Wilhelm Schapp appears as a philosopher, strongly connected with the Christian tradition; according to him the main term of this tradition is not reason, but love, the deepest manifestation of which is motherhood.
Spór o Kartezjusza. Polemika B. Wyszesławcewa z J. Maritainem, dotycząca znaczenia filozofii Kartezjusza dla nowożytnej duchowości europejskiej
Authors: Augustyn Leszek
Published: September 2014

The article deals with the debate which took place in 1931 in Paris and was published in the same year in Cahier de la Quinzaine. The main adversaries were Jacques Maritain and Boris Vysheslavtsev. The French and the Russian philosopher discussed the nature and significance of Cartesian heritage for contemporary philosophy and culture. Maritain accuses Descartes of detachment from traditional philosophy, which resulted in a grave fallacy. Vysheslavtsev in turn argues that the 17th-century philosopher set forth a path on which it is possible to overcome the errors he is accused of. His reductive method led him towards the phenomenology of the “I” and the Absolute, revealing the specificity of the relation between the two. He stopped halfway, however, assuming the two sides of that relation to be separate elements. Thus he found himself in an ambiguous position, thinking in fact more than he was able to enunciate within the intellectual culture of his time. Referring to that polemic, Nikolai Berdyaev points out that, surprisingly, it is the French Neo-Thomist who formulates a severe indictment of Descartes, while the Russian philosopher attempts to defend him. The situation appears even more intriguing in view of the hostility that Russian philosophy has always shown towards all forms of rationalism, especially artesianism. Despite that, it is the Russian religious thinker who defends the creator of modern rationalism and even incorporates some of his philosophical intuitions into his own philosophical reflections. What then does this controversy consist in? And what is it in Cartesian philosophy that Vysheslavtsev appreciated and Maritain failed to notice?
Filozoficzno-przyrodnicza koncepcja cudu u Gottfrieda Wilhelma Leibniza i Samuela Clarke’a
Authors: Bubula Daniel
Published: September 2014

Clarke’s primary interest in miracles centered around proving that their occurrence provides evidence for the truth of Christianity. He tried to show their possibility by appealing to a system that emphasizes the role of a libertarian divine will and direct divine intervention in the ordinary course of nature, denies activity to matter, and claims that basic forces that keep the world together are the effect of continual spiritual activity. As a result, properly speaking, natural laws govern the divine will not matter, to which they are therefore extrinsic. By contrast, Leibniz’s interest in miracles centered around their use against models of reality that made natural laws extrinsic to the nature of bodies. Such models, he thought, would lead to a diminished view of God and, by being associated with incorrect views on substance, could open the door to a materialist view of the mind.
Wiara jako troska ostateczna. W nawiązaniu do myśli Paula Tillicha
Authors: Bogdalczyk Maciej
Published: September 2014

The notation, meaning and role of faith as the ultimate concern are essential for the whole theo-philosophical thought of Paul Tillich. Faith as the ultimate concern expresses human relation with what interests him the most in his being. In accordance with the ultimate concern a man forms his life – the material sense of the ultimate concern, which at the same time account for the purpose of his existence – the formal sense of the ultimate concern. The ultimate concern functions as a guarantor of the purpose of human’s actions as well, so it possesses its significant ethical dimension. The ultimate concern is eventually set in personal God, who by his embodiment overcame the ontological gap between a finite human being and God’s infinity and brought reconciliation between them.
Wiara, rozum i doświadczenie
Authors: Sołowjow Włodzimierz
Published: September 2014

The Polish translation from Russian of V. Solovjev’s article (1877). According to Solovjev faith, reason and experience have their own specific character and belong to the different levels of cognition, nevertheless all of them need each other.
Beauty and Art in Solovjev (1850–1903) and in Bulgakov (1874–1948). Does Beauty Save the World?
Authors: Breckner Katharina
Published: September 2014

In Solovjev beauty is substance. He suggests „beauty” and „the good” to be Siamese twins and predicts that beauty will transform „material being” to a „moral order”, thus saves the world! The essay examines Solovjev’s eschatology that in fact denotes a special view of Creation: Creation awaits continuation by man’s ability to create beauty. Beauty in nature arises by the cosmic representative of Divine „All-unity”, by the sun. In human life man’s consciousness is to overtake the sun’s cosmic role and create beauty by re-creating in life. The relationship between the animals’ and human consciousness signifies the same relation as beauty in nature versus beauty in life: we should change our attitude towards nature, which doubtlessly is an ecumenical, ecological, and universally modern request. The formation of a righteous society springs off nature’s and society’s permanent spiritualisation by the sun-like lucidity of human ideas that brightly illuminate nature and matter. Solovjev’s eschatology holds that nature’s creation has not ended after Seven Days, but nature yields the seeds to co-Creatorship. This is precisely why man should change his attitude towards nature by spiritually enlivening it. The Churches’ unification, the future Universal Church, the manifestation of „All-unity”, would of course correlate to beauty.Co-creatorship, man’s task and ability to re-create beauty by changing his attitude towards nature doubtlessly belongs into the spheres of theurgy. This is the point where Sergej Nikolaevich Bulgakov entered the discussion with Solovjev and made quite a different point. He corrected Solovjev by insisting that only God’s descending acts into this world make theurgy, make continuous Creation possible. Basically, theurgy depends on God’s will. However, God’s „theurgic descent” and, as he called it, man’s „sophianic ascent” may join together and generate the possibility of co-creatorship, another of Christanity’s miracles. This, the intersecting of ascending and descending wills and wishes is what Bulgakov called „Sophia-urgy”.Diametrically opposed to Solovjev, Bulgakov defended that God entrusted theurgic might to the Church exclusively. Man – through the Church’s mediation – is merely „recipient” of theurgy, never its „creator”. The Eucharist sacrament shelters „sophianic” knowledge that is needed to begin the world’s transformation into beauty. „Spiritual beauty” is not of this world, but it is bound to the Eucharist, the cradle of life. Beauty in Bulgakov, and in Solovjev, is another expression for the spiritual reunification of the created and the Uncreated, in short the re-arrival of original beauty. Similar to Solovjev also Bulgakov hoped for nature’s spiritualisation as condition sine qua non to beauty’s future reign. Only, he focused on the Church’s tasks to reincarnate Sophia, the beauty of God’s Wisdom, on earth.
Psychoanaliza w szkole lwowsko-warszawskiej: Stepan Baley o motywie endymiońskim w twórczości literackiej Tarasa Szewczenki i Juliusza Słowackiego
Authors: Ivanyk Stepan
Published: September 2014

The concept of Endymion motive of creativity by Ukrainian and Polish psychologist Stepan Baley as an example of psychoanalytic studies in the tradition of the Lvov-Warsaw philosophical school is examined in this paper. It is shown that S. Baley on the base of used methodology was able to identify deep parallels in the works of great poets of Ukraine (Taras Shevchenko) and Poland (Juliusz Słowacki).
Człowiek a świat naturalny. Wokół koncepcji egalitaryzmu gatunkowego Paula W. Taylora
Authors: Hołub Grzegorz
Published: September 2014

The paper takes up Paul W. Taylor’s theses (beliefs) concerning the relations between human beings and the environment. First thesis sets forth that humans are members of the Earth community of life; second, humans are interrelated with other species; third, all organisms are teleological centers of life tending to fulfill their inner good; fourth, humans are equal with other living creatures. These theses are analyzed in-depth and critically assessed. Most controversial is the last belief. It implies that all living creatures have the same value and should be treated equally. The paper shows that these assertions are not viable. More realistic is the idea that natural living creatures differ as far as their values are concerned. Hence, in the paper is undertaken an attempt to figure out a method of disclosing these axiological differences, starting from a personalist model describing mutual relations between anthropology and ethics.
Grzegorz Palamas wobec kontrowersji hezychastycznej
Authors: Kroczak Justyna
Published: September 2014

This paper is an attempt of characteristics concerning theological phenomena called Hesychast Controversy. The presentation includes analysis of history of hesychasm and important facts from Gregory Palamas biography. The main source for research on that field is work of Palamas entitled Triads. Many of the orthodox theologians state that Triads appears as the most important work of orthodox spirituality. In my opinion the problem of fourteenth-century hesychasm and controversy around this spiritual movement, as an interesting field of research, is worth exploring.
Między nieuchronną skończonością a nieśmiertelnością. Vladimira Jankélévitcha i Józefa Tischnera dwugłos na temat śmierci
Authors: Karpiński Piotr
Published: September 2014

Death is one of the most important human experiences which have an impact on our life. As a philosophical topic death occurs mainly in the domain of bioethics and philosophical anthropology. This article discusses and confronts two concepts of death: the concept of Vladimir Jankélévitch, the French philosopher from the circle of philosophy of spirit, and the concept of Józef Tischner, the Polish phenomenologist and the creator of philosophy of drama.Józef Tischner elaborates on the Christian concept of death, looking for the solution to this problem in the act of Jesus. From the analysis of death emerges its sense i.e. its inner structure. When a close person or relative dies what follows is the experience of emptiness and absence. A similar thing happens in the case of my own death, but then the experience of emptiness is directed against me, taking the shape of the „active desolation”. There are two possible reactions of man to the phenomenon of death: fear or protest. He attempts to get over death by giving it some meaning. Tischner mentions here heroic death, martyrdom, death as an escape from the world and sanction death. The fullest answer to the problem of death is brought by Christianity and the act of Jesus, which consists in provoking death. The death that is voluntarily accepted becomes a gateway to the eternity or, in other words, true life.Jankélévitch treated death with dead seriousness. The solutions provided by religions are unacceptable to him for they generate cold comfort only. Every man is mortal, but it is death that determines life, making it unique and exceptional. Jankélévitch employs here the term of „organobstacle”. Each organ is useful in something to man but, at the same time, it limits him somehow. The same can be said about death. It limits human life but, simultaneously, man would not be man without death.It could seem that there is not a common point in these two abovementioned concepts, and the reason for the radical parting of the ways of Tischner and Jankélévitch lies in their religious views and opinions. For both of them death is an affirmation and a sign of life, but life that is perceived in a completely different way: for Tischner the point is the resurrection and the eternal life, for Jankélévitch the point is the temporal and earthly existence. Nevertheless, these two approaches converge by introducing the principal of love. According to Jankélévitch, only love does not die and becomes the promise of the future. Also for Tischner, man rises from the dead only as much as he loves.
Cielesność i dekonstrukcja chrześcijaństwa: Jean-Luc Nancy a Jacques Derrida
Authors: Baszczak Błażej
Published: September 2014

This article aims to be a confrontation with Nancy’s “deconstruction of Christianity”. For Nancy to deconstruct Christianity means to point to the places where Christianity itself overflows its status as religion and as metaphysics. Nancy shows how the three Christian mysteries (Trinity, Incarnation, Resurrection) are not merely explainable metaphysically and how they thus open the thought of the new relation between body-mind. These theses have been criticized by Jacques Derrida reading of Nancy’s work in Le Toucher. Jean-Luc Nancy. Derrida turns his attention to a certain strand of the tradition which he calls “haptological” (from the Greek haptein, to touch). This tradition is implicated in the metaphysical gesture insofar as it thinks touch in terms of identity, homogeneity, immediacy and self-presence, even when it emphasizes a certain interruption or distance. According to Derrida, this is Nancy’s complicity with some form of metaphysical thinking. The conclusion of this article aims to expose the multidimensional discussion between philosophers.
Tomistyczna a Freudowska koncepcja sumienia
Authors: Jasek Grzegorz
Published: September 2014

The aim of this paper is to present and confront Thomistic and Freudian theories of conscience despite the essential differences  between these two concepts. According to St. Thomas Aquinas conscience is an act of practical reason that recognizes objective moral truth in a receptive way. On the contrary, Sigmund Freud states that conscience is a part of the superego which supervises and controls human behavior taking into consideration changeable ethical norms and values. This paper is an attempt to complete Aquinas’s classical doctrine of conscience with Freud’s contemporary yet controversial psychoanalytic theory of personality, especially in the matter of pathological feeling of guilt.
Eidos chrześcijaństwa w nawiązaniu do poglądów Romano Guardiniego
Authors: Jaworski Marian
Published: September 2014

This paper aims: 1. To discuss Romano Guardini’s method of philosophical and religious studies and its achievements, i.e. presenting the Christian eidos as finding its fullest expression in Jesus as our Lord. 2. To compare Guardini’s method with medieval philosophy as taught by Thomas Aquinas and others. Citing G. van Rieta, the paper attempts to show that Thomism should be continued today, drawing on contemporary philosophy, the phenomenological method in particular. This is a reliable way to see what Christianity is in itself, in its specific religious character.
Microtensile Bond Strength of Methacrylate and Silorane Resins to Enamel and Dentin
Authors: Silva Gisele Rodrigues da , Araújo Isabela Sousa , Pereira Rodrigo Dantas , Barreto Bruno de Castro Ferreira , Prado Célio Jesus do , Soares Carlos José , Martins Luís Roberto Marcondes
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of two substrates (enamel and dentin) considering two study factors: type of composite resin [methacrylate-based (Filtek Supreme) or silorane-based (Filtek LS)] and aging time (24 h or 3 months). Twenty human molars were selected and divided into 2 groups (n=10) considering two dental substrates, enamel or dentin. The enamel and dentin of each tooth was divided into two halves separated by a glass plate. Each tooth was restored using both tested composite resins following the manufacturer's instructions. The samples were sectioned, producing 4 sticks for each composite resin. Half of them were tested after 24 h and half after 3 months. µTBS testing was carried out at 0.05 mm/s. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests at α=0.05. Significant differences between composite resins and substrates were found (p<0.05), but no statistically significant difference was found for aging time and interactions among study factors. The methacrylate-based resin showed higher µTBS than the silorane-based resin. The µTBS for enamel was significantly higher than for dentin, irrespective of the composite resin and storage time. Three months of storage was not sufficient time to cause degradation of the bonding interaction of either of the composite resins to enamel and dentin.
Direct Adhesive Pin-Retained Restorations for Severely Worn Dentition Treatment: A 1.5-Year Follow-Up Report
Authors: Andrade Camila Lima de , Gonçalves Thais Marques Simek Vega , Santos Ícaro Leite dos , Barros Michel Silva , Araújo Nubia Rafaela Ribeiro , Cury Altair Antoninha Del Bel
Published: September 2014

Excessive occlusal surface wear can result in occlusal disharmony, functional and esthetic impairment. As a therapeutic approach, conventional single crowns have been proposed, but this kind of treatment is complex, highly invasive and expensive. This case report describes the clinical outcomes of an alternative minimally invasive treatment based on direct adhesive-pin retained restorations. A 64-year-old woman with severely worn dentition, eating problems related to missing teeth and generalized tooth hypersensitivity was referred for treatment. Proper treatment planning based on the diagnostic wax-up simulation was used to guide the reconstruction of maxillary anterior teeth with direct composite resin over self-threading dentin pins. As the mandibular remaining teeth were extremely worn, a tooth-supported overdenture was installed. A stabilization splint was also used to protect the restorations. This treatment was a less expensive alternative to full-mouth rehabilitation with positive esthetic and functional outcomes after 1.5 years of follow-up.
Cell Viability of Candida albicans Against the Antifungal Activity of Thymol
Authors: Vasconcelos Laís César de , Sampaio Fabio Correia , Albuquerque Allan de Jesus dos Reis , Vasconcelos Laurylene César de Souza
Published: September 2014

Candida albicans is a commensal fungus, but circumstantially it may cause superficial infections of the mucous membranes, such as denture stomatitis, when a biofilm is formed on the surface of dental prostheses. This study evaluated the cell viability of C. albicans biofilms against the antifungal activity of thymol when compared with miconazole, by the fluorescence imaging using SYTO 9 and propidium iodide dyes, and counting of colony forming units. C. albicans standard strains (ATCC 11006) were used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of drugs were determined by broth microdilution tests and the inoculum was standardized to match 0.5 on the McFarland scale (106 cfu/mL). Biofilms were grown on the surface of acrylic resin disks in parallel flow chambers from Sabouraud broth supplemented with 10% dextrose. For counting of colony forming units, the fungal solution was sequentially diluted and plated in Sabouraud dextrose agar. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=5%). Biofilms treated with thymol and miconazole presented low numbers of viable cells at the evaluated exposure times. There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) when compared with control, and the mean value of the exposure times between miconazole and thymol did not differ significantly (p>0.05). In conclusion, both drugs have similar efficiency as antifungal agents against biofilms of C. albicans formed on acrylic surfaces.
Cariology in Curriculum of Brazilian Dental Schools
Authors: Ferreira-Nóbilo Naiara de Paula , Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário de , Cury Jaime Aparecido
Published: September 2014

Reasons for the iniquities of caries, globally recognized, may be related to how Cariology has been taught in dental schools. In Brazil, the most important universities, when considering healthcare teaching, are the public ones. The objective of this study was to identify the insertion of the contents of Cariology in the course flowcharts of public dental schools in the country. The survey was conducted in 2013 seeking to identify the realities of different geographical regions, aimed to the census of public dental schools. It was performed a documentary analysis of the menus of disciplines, identifying the following issues: number of dental schools that include content related to Cariology in their curricula; average total workload undergraduate courses and disciplines that contemplate the theme; distribution of disciplines in professional training cycles (basic, clinical and public health); existence of discipline and/or a specific department; verification of bibliographic indication directly related to Cariology. The response rate was 93.6%. All dental schools recommended specific books, and none of them had a Department of Cariology. All dental schools in the country contemplated content related to Cariology in their disciplines, distributed in specific disciplines (except for the Northern region) and disciplines in the three cycles of learning (basic, clinical and public health), with larger workload in the clinical cycle. Although public dental schools in Brazil demonstrated commitment to contemplating the content related to Cariology in their disciplines, the emphasis on the clinical cycle may not be promoting the integrated formation of students, which could be contributing to reflect the inequalities of the disease in the country.
Influence of the Method in Root Canal Filling Using Active Lateral Compaction Techniques
Authors: Rossetto Danilo Bailo , Fernandes Samuel Lucas , Cavenago Bruno Cavalini , Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro , Ordinola-Zapata Ronald , Andrade Flaviana Bombarda de
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate, by stereomicroscopy and confocal laser microscopy, the influence of different lateral compaction methods for the obturation quality, as well as the time spent for the procedure. Thirty root canals of freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with the ProTaper system up to F5 instrument and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer by the lateral compaction technique. The teeth were divided into 3 groups (n=10) in accordance with the method used for the lateral compaction, as follows: Manual, Mechanical and Ultrasonic. The sealers were stained with rhodamine B dye in a proportion of 0.1% per gram in weight to allow for the analysis under a confocal microscope. During the root filling procedure, the time spent was recorded with a stopwatch. The specimens were stored at 37 °C for 48 h, and then sectioned at 2, 4 and 6 mm from the apex. The percentage of gutta-percha, sealer and void areas were evaluated using a stereomicroscope and sealer penetration perimeter by confocal laser microscope. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). The mechanical method required a shorter time for the lateral compaction than the manual method (p<0.05). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) for the perimeter of the dentin with sealer penetration among all groups. The mechanical method showed a higher (p<0.05) percentage of gutta-percha and less sealer at the 4 mm section in comparison with the manual method. The ultrasonic group showed intermediate values. The void areas found in the root filling were similar (p>0.05) between the three methods. In conclusion, the fastest lateral compaction was achieved with the mechanical method, and all the methods showed void areas in the root filling.
Microbial Reduction by Two Chemical-Mechanical Protocols in Primary Teeth with Pulp Necrosis and Periradicular Lesion - An In Vivo Study
Authors: Triches Thaisa Cezária , Figueiredo Luciene Cristina de , Feres Magda , Freitas Sérgio Fernando Torres de , Zimmermann Gláucia Santos , Cordeiro Mabel Mariela Rodríguez
Published: September 2014

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of chemical-mechanical procedures of two endodontic protocols for septic content reduction of root canals from primary teeth with pulp necrosis and periradicular lesion. Twenty-four primary root canals with pulp necrosis and periradicular lesion were divided into two treatment groups (n=12): multiple-visit and single-visit protocols. Samples were collected using sterile paper points before and after endodontic cleaning followed by microbiological identification through checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Statistical analysis was performed using Proportion Test for score=0 comparing the findings before and after treatment for each group (Wilcoxon's test) as well as the differences in scores between protocols (Mann-Whitney's test) (p<0.05). Data were expressed as prevalence (presence or absence) and estimate of the average count (x105 cells) of each species. Differences in proportions of score=0 prior to treatment were non-significant (p=0.415), demonstrating equivalence between groups. A significant increase in score=0 was detected after treatment for both groups (p<0.0001). Single-visit protocol achieved a significantly greater reduction in mean scoring following endodontic treatment (p=0.024). Both protocols were capable of significantly reducing septic content in root canals of primary teeth with periradicular lesion. Moreover, single-visit protocol showed greater efficacy in reducing endodontic infection.
Combining ability of tomato lines in saladette-type hybrids
Authors: Andrade Marcela Carvalho , Silva Alex Antônio da , Conrado Thiago Vicenzi , Maluf Wilson Roberto , Andrade Thiago Matos , Oliveira Celso Mattes de
Published: September 2014

Given the growing importance of the saladette fresh tomato market in Brazil, the objective of this paper was to assess the combining abilities of lines potentially useful as parents of hybridsin this class. The experiment consisted of28 genotypes, 18 hybrids from a partial diallel crossobtained from crossing two groups of tomato lines (Group I, with 9 parents, and Group II, with 2 parents), 8 F1 experimental hybrids, and 2 commercial checks. Traits evaluated were total yield, mean fruit mass, fruit shelf life, shape and percentsoluble solids. Additive genetic effects were generally more important than non-additive effects for all traits evaluated. The TOM-542 and TOM-734 lines, from group I, and the TOM-720 line, from group II, presented high general combining ability (GCA) estimates for most of the traits of importance for saladette tomatoes, and were therefore considered suitable parents of hybrids of this class. Higher fruit shelf life of TOM-723 as a parental line compared with TOM-720 (Group II), was mainly attributed to the presence in the former of the norA allele, which controls longer fruit shelf life. F1 hybrids (TOM-542 x TOM-720), (TOM-580 x TOM-720), (TOM-734 x TOM-720), and (TOM-727 x TOM-720) showed good performance and fruit quality and thus constitute possible commercial varieties.
CO2 emission from soil after reforestation and application of sewage sludge
Authors: Carmo Janaina Braga , Urzedo Danilo Ignácio de , Ferreira Filho Pedro José , Pereira Elisabete Alves , Pitombo Leonardo Machado
Published: September 2014

This study aimed to quantify the carbon dioxide emissions from an Oxisol under degraded pasture located in Sorocaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. The treatments were: sewage sludge (LE), sewage sludge compost (CLE), mineral fertilizer (AM) and no fertilization (T0). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with analysis of the effect of the four treatments (CLE, LE, and AM T0) with four replications. The application of sewage sludge, sewage sludge compost, mineral fertilizer and no fertilizer was statistically significant for the variables of height increase and stem height of Guanandi seedlings (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambessèdes - Calophyllaceae). Treatments showed significant differences in terms of CO2 emissions from soil. The CLE exhibited the highest CO2 fluxes, reaching a peak of 9.33±0.96 g C m- 2 day- 1 (p<0.0001), as well as the LE with a maximum CO2 flux of 6.35±1.17 C m- 2 day- 1 (p<0.005). The AM treatment (4.96±1.61 g C m- 2 day- 1) had the same statistical effect as T0 (5.33±0.49 g C m- 2 day- 1). CO2 fluxes were correlated with soil temperature in all treatments. However, considering the period of 172 days of evaluation, the total loss of C as CO2 was 2.7% for sewage sludge and 0.7% for the sewage sludge compost of the total C added with the application on soil.
Fósforo na alimentação de pacus criados em tanques-rede
Authors: Diemer O. , Boscolo W.R. , Signor A.A. , Klein S. , Feiden A.
Published: September 2014

Avaliaram-se o desempenho zootécnico, as características da carcaça, as características hematológicas e bioquímicas, a composição química e também a qualidade da água na criação de pacus Piaractus mesopotamicus em tanques-rede em reservatório e alimentados com dietas que continham diferentes quantidades de fósforo total. Foram utilizados 3.000 peixes, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições em 20 tanques-rede, sendo a unidade experimental composta por um tanque com 150 peixes. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco dietas, elaboradas de modo a conterem quantidades de fósforo total de 6,0; 7,5; 9,0; 10,5 e 12,0g/kg por meio da suplementação de fosfato bicálcico. A quantidade de 6,0 a 12,0g/kg de fósforo total na ração pode ser utilizada na alimentação de pacus criados em tanques-rede, sem que haja comprometimento do desempenho dos animais, e pode-se recomendar, comercialmente, 6,0g/kg de fósforo total em dietas para pacus.
Avaliação da migração das células progenitoras após terapia da tendinite equina
Authors: Oliveira P.G.G. , Carvalho A.M. , Yamada A.L.M. , Maia L. , Freitas N.P.P. , Watanabe M.J. , Landim-Alvarenga F.C. , Alves A.L.G.
Published: September 2014

A terapia celular vem sendo utilizada com resultados promissores no tratamento da tendinite equina, entretanto ainda existem dúvidas quanto à persistência e ao comportamento dessas células quando implantadas no local da lesão, e quanto à sua migração para outros focos inflamatórios. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a marcação das células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) com nanocristal antes e após o implante em lesões tendíneas experimentais do tendão flexor digital superficial (TFDS) de equinos, bem como observar a possibilidade de migração das CTMs marcadas para outro foco de lesão, o membro contralateral do mesmo animal. Para isso, foi realizada a indução de lesão experimental no TFDS em ambos os membros torácicos de cinco equinos e, após sete dias, foram implantadas as CTMs autólogas marcadas com o nanocristal Qtracker 655 em um dos membros dos animais. Após sete dias do implante, foi realizada a biópsia tendínea para posterior avaliação histopatológica, utilizando-se microscopia com fluorescência. Também foi realizado o teste de viabilidade celular antes e após a incubação com o nanocristal. As CTMs marcadas e injetadas no tecido tendíneo mantiveram sua fluorescência sete dias após seu implante, e não ocorreu migração para o membro contralateral. O uso do nanocristal para a marcação das CTMs derivadas da medula óssea equina mostrou-se efetivo pelo fato de essa nanopartícula não ter alterado a viabilidade celular e por ela ter permanecido ativa durante o período implantado.
Avaliação genética de caprinos da raça Saanen nascidos no Brasil de 1979 a 2009
Authors: Ferreira T.A. , Pereira I.G. , Gouveia A.M.G. , Pires A.V. , Facó O. , Farah M.M. , Pessoa M.C. , Guimarães M.P.S.L.P.M.
Published: September 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar herdabilidades, correlações genéticas e fenotípicas e tendências genéticas das características morfológicas e de tipo de caprinos da raça Saanen nascidos no Brasil de 1979 a 2009. Dados de 1243 caprinos, 197 machos e 1046 fêmeas, foram utilizados para estimar parâmetros genéticos e tendência das características: perímetro torácico, comprimento corporal, altura na cernelha, altura, largura e comprimento da garupa, bem como as principais características que definem o padrão racial e a aptidão do animal (paleta e linha superior, membros e pés, tipo leiteiro, capacidade de corpo, úbere, ligamento traseiro e dianteiro, textura do úbere, tetos e nota). Os componentes de variância foram estimados pelo método da máxima verossimilhança restrita em análise multicaracterística. A tendência genética foi obtida por meio da regressão dos valores genéticos médios por ano de nascimento. As estimativas de herdabilidade das características morfofuncionais variaram de 0,08 a 0,45, as correlações genéticas de -0,58 a 0,89 e fenotípicas de -0,11 a 0,87. A tendência foi de um leve declínio ao longo dos anos para a maior parte das características avaliadas, o que evidencia a existência de variabilidade genética aditiva entre os animais, mas demonstra que a seleção praticada tem sido pouco efetiva.
Equilíbrio ácido-básico de embriões e pintos de corte em momentos críticos da incubação e submetidos a diferentes períodos de transferência para o nascedouro
Authors: Barbosa V.M. , Baião N.C. , Rocha J.S.R. , Mendes P.M.M. , Lara L.J.C. , Pompeu M.A. , Leme F.O.P. , Cardeal P.C. , Martins N.R.S. , Leite R.C.
Published: September 2014

Foram analisados os níveis de pCO2, pO2, pH e HCO3 - de embriões e pintos de corte provenientes de matrizes novas e velhas, nos momentos anteriores à bicagem interna e externa da casca e ao nascimento, submetidos a diferentes períodos de transferência para as condições ambientais dos nascedouros. Os tratamentos foram definidos pela idade da matriz (33 e 63 semanas) e pela transferência para o nascedouro (aos 15, 17 e 19 dias). O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas subdivididas, sendo a parcela os três momentos de transferência e a subparcela as duas idades das matrizes. Foram utilizadas seis repetições para cada tratamento, e o embrião ou o pinto foi considerado uma repetição. Os dados normais e homogêneos foram submetidos às análises de variância, e as médias comparadas pelos testes F, de Tukey e SNK. Embriões cujos ovos foram transferidos aos 15 dias para o nascedouro apresentaram melhor equilíbrio ácido-básico durante as fases pré-natal e perinatal. Durante o último terço da incubação, independentemente das diferentes condições ambientais às quais os embriões são submetidos e da idade da matriz, há capacidade de resposta fisiológica que permite uma estabilidade no equilíbrio ácido-básico dos pintos após a eclosão.
Substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na alimentação de matrizes suínas primíparas durante a lactação
Authors: Moreira F.R.C. , Costa A.N. , Martins T.D.D. , Silva J.H.V. , Pascoal L.A.F. , Cruz G.R.B.
Published: September 2014

Avaliou-se o efeito da substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na dieta de matrizes suínas híbridas durante as fases de lactação e pós-desmame. Foram utilizadas 25 fêmeas, distribuídas em três tratamentos, com porcentagens crescentes de sorgo granífero - 0%, 25% e 50% - em substituição ao milho. Os animais foram avaliados durante as fases de lactação e pós-desmame, tendo sido mensurados o peso vivo (PV) e a espessura de toucinho (ET) ao parto, ao oitavo, 16º e 25º dias de lactação - desmame. Nesses momentos, foram realizadas colheitas de amostras de leite para análise bioquímica. As leitegadas foram pesadas no mesmo intervalo de tempo. No estro pós-desmame (RE), determinou-se o intervalo estro-cobertura (dias), PV e ET. Quanto às fêmeas, não ocorreram efeitos sobre o PV e a ET. Quanto ao número e ao peso dos leitões, as fêmeas do grupo controle apresentaram maior número de leitões nascidos vivos. O GPD dos leitões foi maior nas leitegadas dos tratamentos com 50% de sorgo. Não houve diferença para as análises do leite. No RE, não ocorreram efeitos. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o sorgo granífero pode substituir o milho em até 50% na dieta de fêmeas suínas durante lactação, sem comprometer os parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos.
Parâmetros de desempenho e carcaça de genótipos de frangos tipo caipira
Authors: Veloso R.C. , Pires A.V. , Torres Filho R.A. , Pinheiro S.R.F. , WinKelstroter L.K. , Alcântara D.C. , Cruz C.C.D.C.S.
Published: September 2014

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características de desempenho e de carcaça de sete genótipos de frangos tipo caipira da linhagem Redbro. Foram utilizados 840 pintos de um dia, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, dos seguintes genótipos: Caboclo, Carijó, Colorpak, Gigante Negro, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor. Os frangos foram alojados em 28 boxes, sendo 30 frangos por boxe, em galpão de alvenaria com acesso a um piquete de 45m², em quatro repetições. As características de desempenho (conversão alimentar, ganho em peso médio diário, consumo de ração médio diário) foram avaliadas nos períodos: um a 28, um a 56, um a 70 e um a 84 dias de idade. O peso corporal foi avaliado aos 28, 56, 70 e 84 dias de idade. As características de carcaça (peso e rendimento de carcaça, peito e pernas) foram obtidas a partir do abate de dois frangos por boxe, aos 85 dias de idade. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando-se o "proc glm" do SAS. Verificou-se que, em todos os períodos, os frangos do genótipo Colorpak apresentaram maior peso corporal, consumo de ração médio diário, ganho em peso médio diário e melhor conversão alimentar. Entretanto, os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram menores consumo de ração médio diário, ganho de peso médio diário e pior conversão alimentar. Quanto ao rendimento de cortes, observou-se que os genótipos Caboclo e Gigante Negro apresentaram os menores valores, e o Carijó, Colorpak, Pesadão Vermelho, Pescoço Pelado e Tricolor obtiveram os melhores rendimentos de pernas. Para o rendimento de peito, o Carijó e o Pesadão Vermelho obtiveram os maiores valores. A escolha do genótipo deve ser feita de acordo com o interesse do mercado, pois há diferenças no desempenho e no rendimento de carcaça e dos cortes.
Palatabilizantes em dietas de leitões recém-desmamados
Authors: Martinez J.F. , Amorim A.B. , Faria D.E. , Nakagi V.S , Sartori M.M.P. , Marques M.F.
Published: September 2014

Com o intuito de verificar a eficácia do açúcar e do edulcorante à base de sacarina sódica e neoesperidina nas dietas de leitões, foram realizados dois experimentos, ambos com 42 leitões recém-desmamados aos 21 dias de idade. Foram oferecidas três dietas: dieta controle (DC), dieta com açúcar (DA) e dieta com edulcorante (DE). Os experimentos foram em blocos ao acaso, sendo o primeiro com sete repetições e dois animais por unidade experimental e o segundo com seis repetições, um animal por unidade experimental, e arranjo fatorial 3 x 2 + 1 (três dietas, duas épocas de abate: aos 28 e 35 dias de idade e um abate no dia do desmame). No primeiro experimento, os animais permaneceram nas instalações de creche até 63 dias de idade para avaliação do desempenho e da viabilidade econômica das dietas. No segundo experimento, os animais foram abatidos para se proceder à pesagem de órgãos, medição do comprimento do intestino delgado e coleta dos segmentos do duodeno e jejuno para realização da morfometria intestinal. Não houve diferenças entre as dietas para consumo diário de ração (CDR), ganho diário de peso (GDP) e conversão alimentar (CA) nos períodos 1 (21 aos 28 dias), 3 (21 aos 50 dias) e 4 (21 aos 63 dias de idade). No período 2 (21 aos 35 dias), os animais que consumiram a DE apresentaram maior (P<0,05) CDR e GDP, se comparados aos que consumiram a DA. Nos períodos 1, 2 e 3, foi observado menor custo da dieta por kg de peso vivo ganho e melhores índices econômico e de custo para os animais que consumiram DE. Ao se avaliar a morfometria intestinal e o peso de órgãos, não se observou diferença entre as dietas, com exceção para o peso do estômago, que foi maior nos animais que consumiram DE. A inclusão de edulcorante é eficaz em melhorar o desempenho no período 2, além de ser viável sob o ponto de vista econômico.
Expressão gênica de adipocinas em ovelhas alimentadas com resíduos da indústria do biodiesel da mamona
Authors: Duarte S.S. , Gomes-Filho M.A. , Silva D.M.F. , Silva L.M. , Oliveira C.H.A. , Rodrigues F.V. , Silva A.M. , Fernandes C.C.L. , Silva C.M.G. , Rondina D.
Published: September 2014

A expressão de RNAm para leptina, receptor de leptina (obRb), adiponectina, receptor de adiponectina (AdipoR1) e resistina foi avaliada por meio da técnica de PCR em tempo real, em tecidos ovariano, hipofisário, adiposo do omento e da região perirrenal, em ovelhas alimentadas sem farelo de mamona ou com farelo de mamona detoxificada durante 14 meses. O tipo de dieta não afetou os níveis de RNAm para leptina, obRb, adiponectina, AdipoR1 e resistina nos diferentes tecidos avaliados (P>0,05). Nos tecidos ovariano e hipofisário, não foi verificada a expressão da adiponecina e da resistina, respectivamente. Como consequência, pode-se concluir que o farelo de mamona detoxificada pode ser utilizado como fonte proteica na dieta de ovelhas, sem afetar a expressão do gene resistina e dos genes leptina e adiponectina, bem como de seus receptores.