bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of ER Stress in Xenobiotic-Induced Liver Diseases and Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Yujing , Qi Yuchen , Huang Shuai , Jiang Xiaodong , Xiao Weiwei , Wang Le , Liu Ziwei , Liu Sulai
Published: November 2022

The liver is a highly metabolic organ and plays a crucial role in the transportation, storage, and/or detoxication of xenobiotics. Liver damage induced by xenobiotics (e.g., heavy metal, endocrine disrupting chemicals, Chinese herbal medicine, or nanoparticles) has become a pivotal reason for liver diseases, leading to great clinical challenge and much attention for the past decades. Given that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the prominent organelle involved in hepatic metabolism, ER dysfunction, namely, ER stress, is clearly observed in various liver diseases. In response to ER stress, a conserved adaptive signaling pathway known as unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to restore ER homeostasis. However, the prolonged ER stress with UPR eventually leads to the death of hepatocytes, which is a pathogenic event in many hepatic diseases. Therefore, analyzing the perturbation in the activation or inhibition of ER stress and the UPR signaling pathway is likely an effective marker for investigating the molecular mechanisms behind the toxic effects of xenobiotics on the liver. We review the role of ER stress in hepatic diseases and xenobiotic-induced hepatotoxicity, which not only provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of liver diseases and the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by xenobiotics but also presents a potential target for the prevention and treatment of xenobiotic-related liver diseases.
Abnormally Expressed lncRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Risk: A Diagnostic Meta‐Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Dong Ying-ying , Zhou Quan , Li Hao , Lv Zhi , Yuan Yuan , Sun Li-ping
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs is relevant to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC), but the significance remains inconclusive. We performed a diagnostic meta‐bioinformatics analysis to elucidate the association between lncRNA expression and GC risk. Methods. Published datasets were selected from PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Web of Science, up to 1st December 2021. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value. RNA sequencing data were downloaded for validation. Results. 54 studies with 4671 patients and 4652 matched controls were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.71, 0.76, 2.9, 0.39, 8, and 0.79, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that the DOR and AUC of intergenic lncRNAs, circulating lncRNAs, larger sample size (>200), and high‐quality (NOS score ≥ 7) groups were superior to antisense lncRNAs, tissue lncRNAs, smaller sample size (≤200), and low‐quality (NOS score < 7) groups, respectively. However, only circulating lncRNAs had significantly higher diagnostic utility than that tissue lncRNAs. Nine differentially expressed lncRNAs in the meta‐analysis were verified in TCGA‐STAD. PVT1 was the most effective single lncRNA, with AUC of 0.949, SEN of 0.808, and SPE of 0.969, while PVT1 and C5orf66‐AS1 were the most effective combination, with AUC of 0.972, SEN of 0.941, and SPE of 0.937. Conclusion. Abnormally expressed lncRNAs, especially circulating lncRNAs, might be potential diagnostic biomarkers for GC risk. A novel combined model of lncRNAs might achieve better GC diagnosis performance.
Performance Analysis of a Relift Luo Converter-Derived Dual-Output DC to DC Converter for Microgrid Applications
Authors: Banupriya R. , Nagarajan R.
Published: November 2022

A microgrid typically maintains multiple voltage bus bars with AC or DC or both. The various subsystems participating in the microgrid are connected to the appropriate voltage bus bars. Renewable energy sources like the wind energy or the solar photovoltaic energy may also be integrated to the microgrid. A battery-based energy storage system is also usually required. In this work, a dual-output DC to DC converter derived from the double lift or the relift Luo converter is proposed and validated. The proposed system uses a solar photovoltaic source and delivers a high-voltage DC output to deliver power to the high-voltage DC bus bar. A battery of medium voltage is connected across the second output of the dual-output converter. The proposed idea is validated using modeling and simulations in the MATLAB Simulink environment and an experimental prototype.
Association of a Multiancestry Genome-Wide Blood Pressure Polygenic Risk Score With Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Parcha Vibhu , Pampana Akhil , Shetty Naman S. , Irvin Marguerite R. , Natarajan Pradeep , Lin Henry J. , Guo Xiuqing , Rich Stephen S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Li Peng , Oparil Suzanne , Arora Garima , Arora Pankaj
Published: November 2022

Background:

Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the underlying genetic risk of elevated blood pressure (BP) determine an individual’s composite risk of developing adverse cardiovascular events. We sought to evaluate the relative contributions of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors to the development of adverse cardiovascular events in the context of varying BP genetic risk profiles.

Methods:

Genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) was computed using multiancestry genome-wide association estimates among US adults who underwent whole-genome sequencing in the Trans-Omics for Precision program. Individuals were stratified into high, intermediate, and low genetic risk groups (>80th, 20–80th, and <20th centiles of systolic BP [SBP] PRS). Based on the ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations, participants were stratified into low and high (10 year-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk: <10% or ≥10%) cardiovascular risk factor profile groups. The primary study outcome was incident cardiovascular event (composite of incident heart failure, incident stroke, and incident coronary heart disease).

Results:

Among 21 897 US adults (median age: 56 years; 56.0% women; 35.8% non-White race/ethnicity), 1 SD increase in the SBP PRS, computed using 1.08 million variants, was associated with SBP (β: 4.39 [95% CI, 4.13–4.65]) and hypertension (odds ratio, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.46–1.55]), respectively. This association was robustly seen across racial/ethnic groups. Each SD increase in SBP PRS was associated with a higher risk of the incident CVD (multivariable-adjusted hazards ratio, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.04–1.10]) after controlling for ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations risk scores. Among individuals with a high SBP PRS, low atherosclerotic CVD risk was associated with a 58% lower hazard for incident CVD (multivariable-adjusted hazards ratio, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.36–0.50]) compared to those with high atherosclerotic CVD risk. A similar pattern was noted in intermediate and low genetic risk groups.

Conclusions:

In a multiancestry cohort of >21 000 US adults, genome-wide SBP PRS was associated with BP traits and adverse cardiovascular events. Adequate control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors may reduce the predisposition to adverse cardiovascular events among those with a high SBP PRS.
Information Exposure and Information Overload as Antecedents of Crisis Communicative Responses and Coping: A Cross-Country Comparison
Authors: Lai Chih-Hui , Tang Tang
Published: November 2022

This study examines information exposure as the antecedent of different types of crisis response outcomes as well as the moderating influence of message quality and information overload in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that the pandemic has impacted the countries worldwide, we conducted a cross-country, two-wave survey in the United States and Taiwan. The results identified three types of media users based on their differential patterns of crisis information exposure—selective users, inclusive users, and cravers. Compared to selective users, inclusive users and cravers were more likely to engage in different types of communicative responses (i.e., information seeking and sharing, and information sharing without verification [ISWV]), which then helped them with support-seeking coping. In addition, information overload was the condition that influenced the extent to which inclusive users engaged in information seeking and sharing, and the subsequent coping. Cross-country differences were found such that information overload and ISWV played important roles in influencing crisis outcomes in the United States and Taiwan, respectively.
Consumer Privacy Choices and (Un)Targeted Advertising Along the Purchase Journey
Authors: Choi W. Jason , Jerath Kinshuk , Sarvary Miklos
Published: November 2022

Advertising to a consumer provides potentially useful information to the consumer and moves them along the purchase journey, and tracking the consumer's online activities enables an advertiser to infer the consumer's purchase journey state and target repeat ads accordingly. However, many consumers dislike being tracked, and, furthermore, repeat advertising may lead to ad wearout. The authors develop a model with consumers, an advertiser, and an ad network to investigate, under the preceding considerations, the impact of regulations that endow consumers with the choice to opt in to or out of online tracking. The authors find that, if ad effectiveness is intermediate, opting in to tracking decreases ad repetition; otherwise, opting in increases ad repetition. To make an opt-in decision, a consumer weighs the cost of ad wearout from repeat ads against the benefit of obtaining potentially relevant product information from them, and the consumer opts in to tracking if either ad effectiveness is intermediate or sensitivity to ad wearout is low. This opt-in pattern creates counterintuitive implications; for instance, higher ad effectiveness, even though it implies higher ad valuation for the advertiser, may reduce repeat ads and the ad network's profit. Under regulation that requires consumer consent for tracking, the results shed light on when and why consumers give such consent, and provide useful insights for practitioners and policy makers.
Witnessing Risky Behaviors in Workplaces and Predictors of Sexual Violence Awareness
Authors: Kang Hyekyung , Kim Young A.
Published: November 2022

To investigate the levels of witnessing risky behaviors in workplaces, such as sexual violence, and identify the factors associated with sexual violence awareness among employees. An online survey was conducted on 336 workers (aged 20-65 years), registered in an online survey company in Korea. The survey was conducted from September 15, 2021, to September 17, 2021. The participants were divided into equal quotas sampled on the basis of sex and age (participants’ average age was 44 years, among whom 171 were women [50.9%] and 165 were men [49.1%]). The questionnaire contained items pertaining to demographic characteristics, gender consciousness, sexual violence awareness, witness experience, situational empathy distress, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression. Sexual violence awareness was lower among male workers than among female workers ( P < .001), and sexual harassment and violence accounted for 54.8% of cases witnessed. The predictors of sexual violence awareness were age, gender consciousness, situational empathy, and self-esteem, with these factors explaining 53.9% of the variance. The findings highlight the need for strategies to improve sexual violence awareness and bystander intervention that are tailored to demographic predictors, such as sex, age, total length of employment, and position. These results could provide foundational data for developing sexual violence prevention education programs and practical bystander intervention programs focused on coworkers as well as promote relevant policymaking.
Living as Socially Marked Individuals: Two Stories on Stigma and Its Consequences
Authors: Dollar Cindy Brooks , Tietjen Grant
Published: November 2022

Perceptions, applications, and consequences of stigma have been of interest to sociologists for centuries. Following criticisms of original labeling models, modified labeling theory (MLT) sought to reframe arguments about the consequences of negative labeling. MLT focuses on explaining how socialization teaches us the deleterious consequences of stigmatizing labels, and how anticipations of stigma are met with deliberate management to cope with expected stigma. MLT proposes three stigma management strategies: secrecy, withdrawal, and education. In the present paper, we use an autoethnographic, narrative sociology approach to share our personal experiences with stigma. The autoethnographic-storytelling approach effectively places our experiences within our cultural settings and demonstrates MLT’s applicability. Using one narrative of a designated “criminal offender” and the other of a “sexual assault victim,” we show how the politically charged labels of “offender” and “victim” while publicly framed as opposing, share similarities, thus emphasizing MLT’s explanatory potential. The narratives indicate, however, that stigma management may be more complex than present literatures capture. We propose the notion of a stigma management toolkit to help explain the availability, selection, and employment of certain stigma management practices and conclude by encouraging further theorization on stigma-related processes.
A Framework for Approaching Mixed Methods Intervention Research to Address the Emotional and Behavioral Health Needs of Children
Authors: Houchins David E. , Hitchcock John H. , Conroy Maureen A.
Published: November 2022

The use of singular methodologies has dominated emotional and behavioral disorder (EBD) intervention research, and by extension, the field has not deployed mixed-methods research (MMR). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of MMR and demonstrate its utility for conducting EBD intervention research. The basic tenants and design principles of MMR are discussed. Then, we present an aspirational framework that summarizes 17 areas where MMR can be applied to EBD intervention research using a school psychology study for illustration. The framework includes (a) research question development, (b) intervention development, (c) instrumentation development, (d) selection, (e) sampling, (f) multi-lens causality, (g) social validity, (h) acceptability, (i) stakeholder perspectives, (j) treatment integrity, (k) contamination, (l) carry-over effects, (m) outcome variability, (n) attrition, (o) replication, (p) data analysis and interpretation, and (q) dissemination. By referring to this framework as being aspirational, we mean to convey that very few social science studies or programs of research fully address all its elements; indeed, it may even be considered as a wish list. However, we contend that MMR approaches can help researchers to address the framework more fully within their lines of EBD inquiry.
Daily stress, family functioning and mental health among Palestinian couples in Israel during COVID-19: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Hassan-Abbas Niveen M.
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic created a range of stressors, among them difficulties related to work conditions, financial changes, lack of childcare, and confinement or isolation due to social distancing. Among families and married individuals, these stressors were often expressed in additional daily hassles, with an influence on mental health. This study examined two moderated mediation models based on Bodenmann’s systemic-transactional stress model. Specifically, the models tested the hypothesis that intra-dyadic stress mediates the association between extra-dyadic stress and mental health, while two measures of family functioning, cohesion and flexibility, moderate the relationship between extra and intra-dyadic stress. Participants were 480 Palestinian adults in Israel who completed self-report questionnaires. All were in opposite-sex marriages and identified as either cisgender women or cisgender men. The results showed partial mediation patterns supporting both models, indicating that family cohesion and flexibility weakened the mediating effect of intra-dyadic stress on the relationship between extra-dyadic stress and mental health. These findings increase our understanding of the variables that affected mental health during the pandemic, and suggest that when faced with extra-dyadic stress, married individuals with good family environments are less likely to experience high levels of intra-dyadic stress, which is in turn associated with preserved mental health. Limitations and implications for planning interventions for couples and families during the pandemic are discussed.
The concept of holism applied in recent palliative care practice: A scoping review
Authors: Bryk Andrea , Roberts Greg , Hudson Peter , Harms Louise , Gerdtz Marie
Published: November 2022

Background:

Whilst there is a sense of holism existing within palliative care practice, what is not clear is the extent to which holism, as applied in recent palliative care practice, has been adequately researched. Currently, no reviews on this topic were identified through systematic and scoping review registries.

Aim:

To identify and describe the available published evidence on the key features of holism and the core domains underpinning the application of holism in relation to recent palliative care practice.

Design:

Scoping review using the Johanna Briggs Institute design.

Data sources:

MEDLINE, EMCARE, and CINAHL (Ovid), PsycINFO, SocINDEX, SCOPUS and Web of Science. (International, peer-reviewed, published papers in the English language from January 2010to December 2020).

Results:

Five studies met inclusion criteria. Two studies used qualitative methods, one used mixed-methods, and two were randomised controlled trials. The research investigated (1) frameworks for holistic care and (2) assessment tools applied in palliative care settings.

Conclusions:

The results from the review led to identifying key features of palliative care that were presented as interconnected aspects of holistic care domains in both assessments and interventions. The literature revealed a focus on curative and biomedical approaches to disease management with holistic aspects acknowledged, but not in the forefront of core service delivery. Holism was generally conceptualised as an overarching theoretical framework to palliative care service provision and positioned as an adjunct to palliative models of care. These findings point to a gap in research that links the concept of holism to applied palliative care practices.
Liminal states: Propertied citizenship and gendered kin work in middle-class Kolkata families
Authors: Donner Henrike
Published: November 2022

This article traces the way the intersection between gender, class and family values is reorganised in relation to state policies that enable propertied citizenship through home-ownership. Focusing on ethnographic data from Kolkata, India, it discusses how women realise propertied citizenship in exchange for care work rather than through employment as developmentalist and liberal feminist discourses suggest. Here the way women’s lives are envisaged and represented through investment in high levels of educational attainment is in contrast to low levels of employment, symptomatic of what I call ‘liminal states’ – a gendered state of immaturity and dependence on kin. Home-ownership as a means of ‘empowerment’ configures the home as the economic and affective focus of gendered care work, which reproduces Berlant’s ‘cruel optimism’, whereby the desire to own a home and the practices of homemaking hamper autonomy and restrict the efficacy of agency.
Appreciating Michael Perelman
Authors: Barkin David
Published: November 2022

JEL Classification: B32, B50
Histological Evaluation of Skin Tissue Treated With Vibration Amplification of Sound Energy at Resonance
Authors: Mazzocca-Mattioli Rossella , Gonzalez-Aguilera Carlos Mauricio , Pérez-Trujillo Jose Juan , Montes De-Oca Roberto , García-Perez Mauricio Manuel , Castro-Govea Yanko , Salas-Treviño Daniel
Published: November 2022

Currently, ultrasound-assisted liposuction has been widely used under empirical criteria. To date, no exhaustive description of the histological effects that are exerted during Vibration Amplification of Sound Energy at Resonance (VASER) application has been reported. Here, we describe the histological alterations in the skin of lipectomy flaps after using the VASER technology at different power settings.Four lipectomy flaps were resected and treated with VASER at 50% or 100% power for 1 minute in duplicate. Therefore, each experimental condition was tested on 8 tissue samples. We described the histopathological alterations in the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The observations were performed by 2 independent morphologists unrelated to the lipectomy and treatment procedures. In the histopathological analysis, we did not find significant differences in the histopathological alterations of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis using both power settings. However, the dermis of the flaps subjected to 100% power showed considerable collagen fibers degradation and more adipocytes with ruptured membranes in comparison with the flaps treated with 50% power. Although we did not find significant differences between the 2 power conditions tested in this study, more histological alterations in the dermis were observed with the maximum power setting even at a “safe” distance reported in the conventional technique. However, this study was the first approach to determine the histological effects of VASER application, therefore, these results must be corroborated in further studies with a greater number of lipectomies, as well as more specific histopathological analyses. Finally, the data shown in this study reflect the importance of optimizing VASER procedures to increase the safety and efficacy of this technique.
Constructivism and the student-centered entrepreneurship classroom: Learning avenues and challenges for US college students
Authors: Sioukas Anastasios
Published: November 2022

Constructivism holds that learners construct knowledge when they make sense of the world. It provides the basis for the movement from teacher-centered towards student-centered learning in entrepreneurship, which is accelerating. Yet, research into using constructivism in the entrepreneurship classroom of community colleges in the USA is seriously lacking. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the learning avenues and challenges that college students face in the student-centered entrepreneurship classroom. Evidence indicates that participants embrace the student-centered classroom by connecting with instructors and peers, engaging in real-life application activities, taking responsibility for learning and adopting a reflective practice. However, data show that students also face challenges. They lack basic knowledge in certain areas, and need more extensive support and learning technology systems. The study proposes a path to position students as co-designers of the classroom while mitigating challenges. Implications for entrepreneurship education and future directions are discussed.
Effects of cutting speed and fiber orientation on tool wear and machining quality in milling CFRP with PCD cutter
Authors: Wang Fuji , Chen Peizhe , Fu Rao , Bi Guangjian
Published: November 2022

Milling carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites faces significant challenges, such as rapid tool wear leading to machining damage, even for a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) cutter. However, the effects of the milling conditions on the tool wear of PCD cutters remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of the cutting speed and fiber orientation on the tool wear of a PCD cutter and the corresponding machining quality in milling CFRP. These effects were analyzed by considering fiber and cutter interactions, and milling experiments with a PCD cutter were conducted for validation based on the analyses of cutting-edge profiles, cutting forces, burr area, and machined surface of CFRP. The worn cutting edge profiles were found to be elliptical in shape for cutting CFRP in different fiber orientations owing to the more severe wear on the flank face and cutting edge. Tool wear decreased with increasing cutting speed under a consistent feed per tooth, which further led to a reduction in the cutting force, burr area, and surface roughness. In addition, the maximum and minimum variations of worn cutting edge profiles were found in the cutting of 45° and 135° CFRP, respectively, suggesting that frequently changing the tool working position at 45° could suppress burr damage and increase tool life.
A practical procedure for vehicle sound package design using statistical energy analysis
Authors: Salmani Hossein , Khalkhali Abolfazl , Mohsenifar Amin
Published: November 2022

Vehicle sound package has a substantial role in attenuation of vehicle noise for the purpose of improving interior comfort and reducing environmental noise pollution. In this paper, two approaches of absorptive design and multi-layer design are investigated to improve the performance of a sound package in automotive applications. For this purpose, the sound package of the engine compartment including hoodliner and dash insulator is studied. Furthermore, this paper proposes an experimentally validated prediction model through Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) to evaluate the sound insulation of a vehicle body sound package. For this purpose, the research includes characterization techniques of sound package materials to determine intrinsic parameters of different layers required to develop a reliable SEA model. The inverse method and time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP) are utilized to characterize porous materials and heavy layer properties, respectively. The comparison of results that are experimentally obtained by acoustic cabin shows a fairly well agreement with the proposed SEA modeling procedure for the desired frequency range. By observing the results of the simulation for the hoodliner and dash insulator, it was revealed that the absorptive design combines the benefits of high sound absorption capability, wide absorption frequency band, and lightweight. Indeed, with an appropriate combination of layers, the multi-layer design can simultaneously provide a mixture of absorptive design attributes and sound insulation capabilities. The transmission loss obtained from the proposed design of the dash insulator revealed an increase by 42% without any reduction in the amount of sound absorption. Also, the sound absorption of the proposed hoodliner is enhanced more than twice in reference to the base design.
Researching Finnish library responses to Covid-19 digital literacy challenges through the employment of reflective practice
Authors: Rivera-Macias Berenice , Casselden Biddy
Published: November 2022

Social distancing restrictions due to the Covid-19 pandemic were declared in Finland in March 2020. Libraries followed Government recommendations resulting in limited library service delivery across a variety of sectors. This research investigates challenges experienced by public, special and academic libraries in the Helsinki metropolitan area focussing on library staff reflections of digital literacy services offered during the pandemic. A multiple case study, with an emergent mixed methods research design was utilised. All data was gathered online due to Covid-19 restrictions: Quantitative data originated from an online survey of library staff; library websites were also audited. Qualitative data originated from semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the data enabled a clear understanding of digital literacy challenges and responses. Overall, the mixed methods design and the data collection techniques, encouraged reflection upon experience, which in return informed a rich picture of the multiple case study. Results demonstrated that digital literacy challenges existed, particularly related to reaching library customers requiring digital support. Finnish libraries did not differentiate information literacy from digital literacy, as both were perceived as part of library service. Library staffs’ reflections corroborated similar research, for example, the impact of teleworking, on technology use and social aspects of working from home. Recommendations include undertaking further research on special libraries and promoting reflective practice as a mechanism for better understanding the views of library staff.
Brazilian Company for Industrial Research and Innovation: A New Generation of STI Policy Mechanisms for the Modernisation of the Productive Sector
Authors: Guimaraes Sonia K. , Barcelos Regis L.G.
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on the Brazilian Company for Industrial Research and Innovation, (EMBRAPII), a social organisation created as an intermediary agent to encourage partnerships between research centres and companies. The main objective was to overcome the shortcomings of Brazil’s conventional STI public policies, the technological and innovation results of which were considered unsatisfactory. EMBRAPII innovates in governance and funding, regarded as an instrument capable of boosting companies’ engagement in collaborative technology and innovation projects. This article concludes by acknowledging EMBRAPII’s evident qualities with respect to the conventional STI policies, even though its achievements seems lower than expected in terms of the number of companies involved. The research findings endorse Ergas’ assumption that policies cannot be assessed in isolation. ‘The first and most fundamental is the dependence of technology policy outcomes on their economic and institutional environment.…’.
Market Concentration, Diversification and Firm’s Performance in the Case of Indian Chemical Industry
Authors: Shaurav Kumar , Rath Badri Narayan
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the effects of market concentration and diversification on firms’ performance in the case of the Indian chemical industry. The findings indicate a positive relationship between market concentration and performance measured in terms productivity and profitability. However, firm diversification shows a negative impact on a firm’s productivity and but positive impact on its profitability. The study also reveals that market concentration outperformed in comparison to the diversification strategy for the Indian chemical industry.
Formulation in psychiatry – a guide to developing competence
Authors: Parker Stephen , Nhieu Kitty , Warren Nicola , Dark Frances , Cutbush Jimsie , Suetani Shuichi
Published: November 2022

Objective

This paper highlights the importance of psychiatric formulation and provides guidance to those learning the art of formulation. To achieve this, we explore the guidance on formulation that has been previously published in Australasian Psychiatry, identify the key components of psychiatric formulation, and outline an approach to comprehensive formulation in routine clinical practice.

Conclusion

Formulation is the foundation of good psychiatric practice but presents a considerable challenge to the novice practitioner. Understanding the ingredients of formulation and a method for meaningfully putting these together will guide deliberate practice to learn the art of psychiatric formulation.
Caregiver and Teacher Perspectives on Home–School Partnerships Within a Tier 2 Intervention
Authors: Sutherland Kevin S. , Wu Eleanor G. , Washington-Nortey Melissa , McKnight Kimberly W. , McLeod Bryce D. , Conroy Maureen A.
Published: November 2022

Home–school partnerships between teachers and caregivers of students with or at risk of emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD) are critical to support positive student outcomes. Yet, effective home–school partnerships may be particularly challenging to foster for students with or at risk of EBD, and little is known about how teachers and caregivers view these partnerships. We used a directed content analysis qualitative approach to examine the presence or absence of components of a conceptual model, the CARES framework, within home–school partnerships from the perspectives of both teachers and caregivers of students with or at risk of EBD. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six U.S. teachers and 11 U.S. caregivers who had participated in a study examining the promise of a Tier 2 intervention. Findings highlight themes unique to specific components of the CARES framework and themes common across components, with authentic relationships and effective communication emerging as particularly salient for both caregivers and teachers. Results suggest critical directions for future research and essential lessons for researchers developing interventions to support positive home–school partnerships for caregivers and teachers of students with or at risk of EBD.
Trump Tweets and Democratic Attitudes: Evidence from a Survey Experiment
Authors: Bowler Shaun , Carreras Miguel , Merolla Jennifer L.
Published: November 2022

During his tenure in office, President Trump made repeated attacks on democratic norms and practices in his public statements, in particular via Twitter. Does this type of anti-democratic rhetoric lead to an erosion of citizens’ democratic attitudes? We argue that reactions to Trump’s rhetoric are not likely to be uniform given the highly polarized political climate in the United States. In order to test this theoretical proposition, we fielded a survey experiment on a module of the 2019 Cooperative Congressional Election Study. Treated respondents were exposed to a range of tweets sent by President Trump attacking three critical institutions of a liberal democracy (the media, Congress, and the Courts). We find limited evidence that Trump’s rhetoric leads to an erosion of democratic attitudes. On the contrary, the results suggest there is significant pushback against anti-democratic messages, especially among Democrats.
Perceived Discrimination Among Adolescents in Ireland
Authors: Költő András , Gavin Aoife , Vaughan Elena , Molcho Michal , Kelly Colette , Nic Gabhainn Saoirse
Published: November 2022

Adolescents belonging to minority or marginalized groups often experience discrimination, which may negatively affect their mental and physical health. Using the dataset of the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study, we analyzed perceived discrimination based on various grounds in four minority groups of schoolchildren in Ireland: sexual minority youth, youth living with a disability or chronic condition, immigrant youth, and youth belonging to the Traveller community. To minimize the potential confounding effect of psycho-social contextual factors, we used a case-control matching approach, comparing minority groups with their non-minority peers matched by gender, age group, and social class. Minority groups were significantly more likely than their matched non-minority counterparts to report discrimination, not only on the basis of their minority status but also on other grounds. These associations varied in their effect size. We discuss educational and policy implications of the findings for reducing discrimination and structural stigma in school settings.
Wild Intimacies: Justice-Seeking Mothers in Iran, Networked Activism and the Affective Politics of Mourning
Authors: Tafakori Sara
Published: November 2022

This article analyses the mediated affective practices of the network of #justice-seeking mothers in Iran, who campaign for justice for their children’s deaths at the hands of the state. I situate their melancholic performance of maternal mourning as central to the mediation of a ‘wild’ public intimacy, which contests the state’s attempts to limit and foreclose the spaces of political appearance. This intimate public, I argue, draws on the affordances of visuality and hashtags on Instagram and Twitter to invoke expanded notions of ‘home’ and ‘motherhood’that affectively sustain its political activism. Recent feminist scholarship has emphasised the counter-hegemonic potentials of mourning practices that go beyond the patriarchal family as a reference point, especially in campaigns that seek justice for and recognition of the dead, whether these practices are offline or online. I argue, however, that attention to the ‘relational’ (cultural, social, physical) affordances of digital mourning in this case s reveals that grassroots maternalism may draw its emotional resources from a shifting combination of conventional (familial) and non-conventional forms of kinship. It is this fluid and provisional approach to emotional and political ties that enables the #justice-seeking mothers’ network to mobilise a variety of intimate registers in constructing an affective space of political appearance.
Existential threat and responses to emotional displays of ingroup and outgroup members
Authors: Wessler Janet , van der Schalk Job , Hansen Jochim , Klackl Johannes , Jonas Eva , Fons Maurice , Doosje Bertjan , Fischer Agneta
Published: November 2022

The present research investigates how emotional displays shape reactions to ingroup and outgroup members when people are reminded of death. We hypothesized that under mortality salience, emotions that signal social distance promote worldview defense (i.e., increased ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation), whereas emotions that signal affiliation promote affiliation need (i.e., reduced ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation). In three studies, participants viewed emotional displays of ingroup and/or outgroup members after a mortality salience or control manipulation. Results revealed that under mortality salience, anger increased ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation (Study 1), enhanced perceived overlap with the ingroup (Study 3), and increased positive facial behavior to ingroup displays—measured via the Facial Action Coding System (Studies 1 and 2) and electromyography of the zygomaticus major muscle (Study 3). In contrast, happiness decreased ingroup favoritism and outgroup derogation (Study 2), and increased positive facial behavior towards outgroup members (Study 3). The findings suggest that, in times of threat, emotional displays can determine whether people move away from unfamiliar others or try to form as many friendly relations as possible.
Advancing support for intergroup equality via a self-affirmation campaign
Authors: Shuman Eric , Hebel-Sela Shira , Zipris Inbal , Hasson Yossi , Hameiri Boaz , Halperin Eran
Published: November 2022

Members of historically advantaged groups are often unwilling to support actions or policies aimed at reducing inequality between advantaged and disadvantaged groups, even if they generally support the principle of equality. Based on past research, we suggest a self-affirmation intervention (an intervention in which people reflect on a positive trait or value in order to affirm their positive self-image) may be effective for increasing the willingness of advantaged group members to address inequality. Importantly, while self-affirmation has been only operationalized as a written exercise in the past, in this project, we adapt it into video messages for use in public campaigns. In Study 1, we experimentally tested an initial video adaptation of self-affirmation and found that it was effective in increasing the willingness of advantaged group members to address inequality in the context of Jewish–Arab relations in Israel. Based on this study, two NGOs developed a real campaign video and used it in their public campaign, and we tested this applied intervention (in Study 2) and found it to be effective compared to a control condition that only presented information about inequality. Together, these studies represent the first implementation of self-affirmation in real-world campaigns and indicate that it can be an effective way to increase support for action to address inequality.
How Gift Prices Affect Gratitude? “Right” Gift-Price Effect
Authors: Park Jooyoung , Chen Mengshu , Kim Jungkeun
Published: November 2022

This research examines the effects of gift prices on recipients’ gratitude. Five studies show an inverted U-shaped relationship between gift price and recipients’ gratitude. Recipients are more likely to appreciate gifts of monetary value that align with their expectations than inexpensive or expensive gifts whose values do not meet the recipients’ expectations. Two parallel underlying mechanisms explain the inverted U-shaped relationship: when gift prices are lower than expected, recipients perceive givers as inconsiderate, and when gift prices are higher than expected, recipients feel indebted. Additionally, we examine two boundary conditions. Compared to North Americans, Asians are more likely to show an inverted U-shaped relationship. In addition, close friends, rather than distant friends, are more likely to show an inverted U-shaped relationship. The paper concludes with a discussion of contributions to the literature on gift-giving and practical implications.
ANZMAC Executive: A Personal Perspective on How ANZMAC Has Evolved, and What Role It Ought to Play in the Future
Authors: Aitken Robert
Published: November 2022

The traditional role of an academy, derived from the ancient centres of learning made famous by Plato and Aristotle, was to enable and encourage the development and dissemination of knowledge. While times have changed, the need for knowledge has not, and the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC) is proud to play its part in contributing to this tradition. However, the ways in which the Academy can continue to fulfil its role, and the nature of its relationship with its community, are critical questions that need to be addressed. Given the disruptive and unpredictable nature of change in the current environment, and the wider and increasingly urgent calls to live more sustainably, the Academy is in a position to take a leading role in encouraging and informing the changes necessary to meet the needs of its community and the responsibilities of the discipline. These questions, and the challenges presented by changing expectations from within and outside of academia, are considered in the following perspective.
Rohingya diaspora online: Mapping the spaces of visibility, resistance and transnational identity on social media
Authors: Aziz Abdul
Published: November 2022

This article examines how the Rohingya diaspora employs social media platforms to reclaim their identity narratives through visibility and resistance in the context of genocide and subsequent prolonged displacement. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 15 displaced Rohingya members and activists in Brisbane, Australia, this article demonstrates how transnational digital engagements foreground the construction of the Rohingya diaspora, and subsequently how the transnational identities are negotiated and mediated online. The findings show that the social media platforms facilitated the Rohingya diaspora development and identity construction through building an ‘imagined community’ of resistance, transnational advocacy networks and diasporic media production. At the same time, this article explores how online activism evolved and marginal voices emerged in cyberspace longing for home(land), justice and citizenship rights. This study brings unique insights to understand voices from the margins and shows how new media allow ethnic minorities and marginalised groups to construct diasporic identity through online mediation in transnational spaces.
Humanitarian Sovereignty, Exceptional Muslims, and the Transnational Making of Kuwaiti Citizens
Authors: Leichtman Mara A
Published: November 2022

What is the role of transnational non-state philanthropic actors in the Kuwaiti humanitarian mission abroad? How does humanitarian aid reinforce and (re)conceptualize Kuwaiti notions of citizenship? A key provider of foreign assistance, this small, at times vulnerable, Gulf country has given generously to other nations as part of a strategic foreign policy. Kuwait’s humanitarian sovereignty involves coordinated efforts at multiple levels of state policy, civil society organizations, and pious individual donors who fund the work of international Islamic charities – which have increasingly become more connected to the state. Exceptional Muslim humanitarians donate their time along with their money, and youth in greater numbers are volunteering with transnational missions. An honorable endeavor—sanctioned by the government—volunteering brings religious rewards and leads to professional development. Bridging state, civil society, and private domains, transnational giving from Kuwait merges religious and national forms of community and shapes moral citizens.
No one is self-made: Evolving iterations of giving and shaping of transnational Kamma caste subjectivities
Authors: Roohi Sanam
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on the transnational giving practices of Kammas (a dominant caste in Coastal Andhra, South India) by examining their records, standing myths and evolving iterations around the practice. While Kammas date their giving practices to the 1700s, written records trace community giving to the late colonial period, where a few elites instituted and patronized caste associations. The practice was reconstituted in the late 1990s, with many affluent Kamma professionals in the US embracing the role of community welfare organizers. In its transnational moment, expressed through the idiom of donations, horizontal giving has become one of the key embodied markers of Kamma selfhood, recursively produced as a group trait of a globally dispersed community of professionals. Despite the evolving iterations and modernizing impulses, the article argues that historically, giving for the Kammas has engendered an interiority and exteriority and is intimately tied to their collective quest for upward social mobility.
Optimization of diesel engine performance and emission characteristics with cerium oxide nanoparticles mixed waste cooking oil biodiesel blends
Authors: Lakhera Alok , Kumar Narendra , Sharma Abhishek , Saxena Ambuj , Padap Aditya Kumar , Yadav Arvind Kumar , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar
Published: November 2022

The study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a four-stroke, single-cylinder, and direct injection diesel engine with variable compression ratio using nanoparticles blended biofuel. The cerium Oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles have been blended in corresponding ratios with waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel. Further, response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD) approach was used to evaluate engine performance parameters such as brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), and emission characteristics (such as NOx, CO, and CO2 emission). In addition, the quadratic models were obtained to investigate the influence of input parameters on each output response with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The desirability approach was used to obtain the optimal engine performance and emission characteristics. The analysis revealed that WCO blended with CeO2 nanoparticles fuel improves CI engines’ performance and reduces their hazardous emissions. The compression ratio of 14:1 at 10.29% blend composition and 50 ppm concentration level of nanoparticles with composite desirability of 0.858 was found to be the engine’s optimal operating conditions. At optimal conditions, BTE, BSFC, NOx, CO, and CO2 were 36.62%, 0.2204 kg/kW-h, 168 ppm, 0.0192%, and 1.132% respectively.