bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies improve cognitive function in patients affected by chronic migraine complicated with medication overuse-headache
Authors: Guerzoni Simona , Lo Castro Flavia , Baraldi Carlo , Brovia Daria , Tascedda Fabio , Rivi Veronica , Pani Luca
Published: May 2024

Background: Migraine represents one of the most disabling neurological diseases in the world. This burden is primarily due to recurrent pain episodes, alongside cognitive function impairments that patients may experience. This paper aims to explore the effect of three anti-calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) – erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab – on the cognitive performance of a sample of patients suffering from migraine using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire.Methods: A total of 215 patients suffering from migraine who visited the Modena Headache Center were enrolled. The MoCA questionnaire was filled in by the patients at the baseline and subsequent assessments were conducted at 6 and 12 months thereafter. Additionally, patients were requested to complete the 6-item Headache Impact Test, Migraine Disability Assessment Score, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale every three months.Results: The sample was composed of 82% of female participants and 87% of the enrolled patients were diagnosed with chronic migraine. Following one year of treatment, there was a significant enhancement observed in MoCA scores compared to baseline measurements. Moreover, higher consumption of analgesics, elevated body mass index (BMI), and prolonged chronic migraine history exhibited an inverse correlation with MoCA score improvements after 12 months.Conclusions: Erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab have proven to be effective in relieving the cognitive impairment associated with migraine after 1 year of treatment. These findings underscore the reversibility of cognitive impairment among migraine sufferers, even among those suffering from chronic migraine, as delineated by the majority of the patients under study. This study revealed that prolonged chronic migraine history, higher baseline analgesic intake, and elevated BMI were all predictive of diminished cognitive enhancements following treatment.
When mycosis fungoides seems not to be within the spectrum of clinical and histopathological differential diagnoses
Authors: Di Prete Monia , Michelerio Andrea , Lora Viviana , Tomasini Carlo Francesco , Cota Carlo
Published: May 2024

The most prevalent primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides (MF), is characterized by the development of plaques and nodules after an erythematous patchy phase that is non-specific. An infiltrate of atypical small- to medium-sized cerebriform lymphocytes in the superficial dermis, with variable epidermotropism, is the histopathological hallmark of the disease. In more advanced stages of the illness, large-cell transformation may be seen. Early diagnosis of MF can be very challenging based only on histopathologic or clinical findings, so it is critical to have a clinical-pathological correlation. Many atypical variants of MF that deviate from the classic Alibert-Bazin presentation of the disease have been described over the past 30 years, sometimes with different prognostic and therapeutic implications. Clinically or histopathologically, they can mimic a wide range of benign inflammatory skin disorders. To make a conclusive diagnosis in these cases, it is recommended to take multiple biopsies from various lesions and to carefully correlate the clinical and pathological findings. We have outlined the various facets of the illness in this review, positioning MF as a “great imitator”, with an emphasis on the more recently identified variations, differential diagnosis, and its benign mimics.
Update on primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas rare subtypes
Authors: Alberti-Violetti Silvia , Berti Emilio
Published: May 2024

Rare subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) include four entities, primary cutaneous γδ T-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, primary cutaneous acral CD8+ T-cell lymphoma, which were previously considered provisional and are now included in the new 5th World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid tumors as distinct entities. An updated summary of the clinical, histological, and genomic characteristics of these uncommon CTCL subtypes is given in this review, with a focus on the growing body of knowledge regarding their classification and possible treatment strategies.
Erratum - LncRNA gadd7 promotes mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells by positively regulating MFN1 in an in vitro model of hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury
Authors: Liu Guoyue , Yin Cunzhi , Qian Mingjiang , Xiao Xuan , Wu Hang , Fu Fujian
Published: May 2024

This corrects the article published in European Journal of Histochemistry 2023;67:3535. doi: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3535
Psychospiritual care: a concept analysis
Authors: Umam Khotibul , Suarilah Ira , Felipe-Dimog Eva Belingon , Yusuf Ah. , Susilo Imam
Published: May 2024

Psychospiritual care has taken many forms and approaches. In the clinical setting, the meaning, variations, and inconsistencies in the delivery of psychospiritual and its related terms persist. The purpose of the study is to identify the meaning and attributes of psychospiritual care and enhance collaborative practice by presenting a concept analysis. This review used Walker and Avant's eight-step approach to concept analysis. Psychospiritual is a broad, dynamic, and unique concept that integrates psychological and spiritual methods. In this analysis, the defining attributes of psychospiritual care are intuitive self-awareness, therapeutic use of psychological and spiritual perspective, and cultivation of psychological and spiritual environment. Providing psychospiritual care promotes positive consequences, such as therapeutic effects for patients and promoting psychospiritual awareness among psychospiritual interventionists. A comprehensive definition of psychospiritual care has been developed. The findings contribute to science by creating a platform for developing practice standards, research, and theory. Implementing psychospiritual care may improve overall occupational health and well-being, thereby improving patient care delivery.
Comparison of remimazolam and desflurane in emergence agitation after general anesthesia for nasal surgery: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Cho Sung-Ae , Ahn So-min , Kwon Woojin , Sung Tae-Yun
Published: May 2024

Background: Remimazolam is an ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine. Few studies have evaluated the effects of remimazolam-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) on emergence agitation (EA). This study aimed to compare the incidence and severity of EA between TIVA using remimazolam and desflurane. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study enrolled 76 patients who underwent nasal surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized into two groups of 38 each: desflurane-nitrous oxide (N2O) (DN) and remimazolam-remifentanil (RR) groups. The same protocol was used for each group from induction to emergence, except for the use of different anesthetics during maintenance of anesthesia according to the assigned group: desflurane and nitrous oxide for the DN group and remimazolam and remifentanil for the RR group. The incidence of EA as the primary outcome was evaluated using three scales: Ricker Sedation-Agitation Scale, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, and Aono’s four-point agitation scale. Additionally, hemodynamic changes during emergence and postoperative sense of suffocation were compared. Results: The incidence of EA was significantly lower in the RR group than in the DN group in all three types of EA assessment scales (all P < 0.001). During emergence, the change in heart rate differed between the two groups (P = 0.002). The sense of suffocation was lower in the RR group than in the DN group (P = 0.027). Conclusions: RR reduced the incidence and severity of EA in patients undergoing nasal surgery under general anesthesia. In addition, RR was favorable for managing hemodynamics and postoperative sense of suffocation.
To compare the efficacy of the between-the-fingers grip with the conventional pen-holding grip to hold an endotracheal tube for orotracheal intubation: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Thakur Soumya , Tewari Prabhat , Shamshery Chetna , Mishra Prabhakar
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims:

Correctly holding the endotracheal tube (ETT) is essential for successful tracheal intubation. The study’s primary objective was to compare the between-the-fingers grip with the conventional pen-holding grip regarding the number of attempts required for orotracheal intubation and usage of external aids.

Methods:

Three hundred patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were randomised according to the method to hold the ETT to Group C (conventional grip) and Group M (modified, between-the-fingers grip) during oro-tracheal intubation. A designated anaesthetist blinded to the groups performed laryngoscopy in all the patients, and difficult Cormack-Lehane grade 3b and 4 (n = 24) were excluded. Then, the group was revealed to the anaesthetist, and intubation was done accordingly; the number of attempts, use of backward upward rightward pressure (BURP), and time taken were noted. The sample size was estimated using the software G*Power version 3.1.9.2. Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 23 (SPSS-23, IBM, Chicago, USA) was used for data analysis.

Results:

Single-attempt intubation was comparable between the groups (99.3% versus 97.2%, P = 0.197). In contrast, the external assistance as BURP (0.75% versus 6.99%, P = 0.009) and the time taken for intubation (P = 0.008) were reduced in group M significantly.

Conclusion:

The between-the-fingers grip seems as effective as the standard grip to hold the ETT during intubation. However, it proved to be better as it can reduce the requirement for external assistance in BURP.
Comparing the posture and comfort of anaesthesiologists during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in the head-elevated laryngoscopy position in supine position and with a 25° backup: A randomised clinical crossover trial
Authors: Mookambika R , Hemanth Kumar RV , Areti Archana , Jaya V
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims:

The head-elevated laryngoscopy position (HELP) and a 25° backup have been proposed to enhance glottic visualisation, yet concerns about ergonomic discomfort hinder their widespread adoption. This study compares the comfort and posture adopted by anaesthesiologists while performing laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation with patients in HELP while in a supine position or with 25° backup.

Methods:

The study included 48 patients aged 18–60 years with normal airways and 12 experienced anaesthesiologists. Patients were randomised into two groups using permuted block randomisation. Anaesthesiologists performed laryngoscopy and intubation in supine HELP and 25° backup HELP positions. Anaesthesiologist’s posture was determined by measuring the angles of neck, wrist, elbow, back and knee joints, which were compared using Student’s t-test, and subjective comfort assessed on a Likert scale was compared using the Chi-square test. As mentioned by the anaesthesiologist, Cormack- Lehane grading was also noted and compared using a Chi-square test between groups, taking a P value <0.05 as significant.

Results:

Both positions demonstrated comparable anaesthesiologist posture (P = 0.919) and comfort (P = 0.644). However, the 25° backup HELP positions significantly improved Cormack–Lehane grades, with 68% achieving grade 1 compared to 31% in the supine HELP group (P = 0.012). Haemodynamic stability and tracheal intubation time showed no significant differences between the groups (P = 0.475 and 0.117, respectively), and no complications were reported in either group.

Conclusion:

Anaesthesiologists’ posture and comfort during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are similar between supine and 25° backup in patients with easy airways.
Аналитическая сложность: функции
с 1-мерным стабилизатором в калибровочной группе
Authors: Beloshapka Valerii Konstantinovich
Published: May 2024

Получено дифференциальное условие того, что аналитическая
функция двух переменных имеет одномерный стабилизатор
в калибровочной псевдогруппе. Дано мультипликативное представление
таких функций (однородные функции). Получено уточнение теоремы
о стабилизаторе и построены два важных примера.
Поставлен ряд вопросов.
Библиография: 9 названий.
О сохраняющих дизъюнктность биаддитивных операторах
Authors: Dzhusoeva Nonna Anatolevna
Published: May 2024

В работе изучаются ортогонально биаддитивные операторы, сохраняющие дизъюнктность. Установлено, что для порядково полной векторной решетки $W$
и порядковых идеалов $E$ и $F$ в $W$ множество $\mathfrak{N}(E,F;W)$ всех коммутирующих с проекторами ортогонально биаддитивных операторов является
полосой в порядково полной векторной решетке $\mathcal{OBA}_r(E,F;W)$ всех регулярных ортогонально биаддитивных операторов, действующих из декартова
произведения $E$ и $F$ в $W$. Найден общий вид оператора порядкового проектирования на эту полосу, а также установлена операторная версия теоремы
Радона-Никодима для сохраняющего дизъюнктность положительного, ортогонально биаддитивного оператора.
Библиография: 34 названия.
Об однозначной разрешимости нелокальных задач для абстрактных
сингулярных уравнений
Authors: Glushak Alexander Vasilevich
Published: May 2024

Излагаются достаточные условия однозначной разрешимости нелокальных задач для абстрактных
сингулярных уравнений, которые формулируются в терминах нулей модифицированной функции
Бесселя и резольвенты операторного коэффициента рассматриваемых уравнений. Приводятся примеры.
Библиография: 21 название.
Evaluation of the value of combined detection of tumor markers CA724, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA242, and CA19-9 in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhou Chong-Mei , Zhao Shao-Hua
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer is a global health concern that poses a significant threat to human well-being.

AIM

To detecting serum changes in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 724, CA242, and CA19-9 expression among patients with gastric cancer.

METHODS

Eighty patients diagnosed with gastric cancer between January 2020 and January 2023 were included in the observation group, while 80 patients with benign gastric diseases were included in the control group. Both groups were tested for tumor markers (CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9]. Tumor marker indicators (CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9) were compared between the two groups, assessing positive rates of tumor markers across various stages in the observation group. Additionally, single and combined detection of various tumor markers were examined.

RESULTS

The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value observed for the combined detection of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 were higher than those of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 individually. Therefore, the combined detection of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 has a high diagnostic accuracy and could reduce the occurrence of missed or misdiagnosed cases, facilitating the early diagnosis and treatment of patients.

CONCLUSION

CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 serum levels in gastric cancer patients significantly surpassed those in non-gastric cancer patients (P < 0.05). Their combined detection can improve the diagnostic accuracy for gastric cancer, warranting clinical promotion.
Is sarcopenia effective on survival in patients with metastatic gastric cancer?
Authors: Dogan Ozlem , Sahinli Hayriye , Duzkopru Yakup , Akdag Tuba , Kocanoglu Abdulkadir
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Sarcopenia is a progressively diminishing state characterized by the reduction of muscle mass and density, which is frequently observed in malignancies of solid organs.

AIM

To assess how sarcopenia affects the overall survival of individuals who have been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer.

METHODS

The study retrospectively included individuals who had been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer between January 2008 and December 2020. Sarcopenia was identified through the calculation of the average Hounsfield units (HUAC) using computed tomography (CT) images taken at the time of diagnosis in patients.

RESULTS

A total of 118 patients with metastatic gastric cancer were evaluated. Sarcopenia was detected in 29 patients (24.6%). The median survival of all patients was 8 (1-43) mo. The median survival of patients with sarcopenia was 2 mo, while it was 10 mo for those without sarcopenia (P < 0.001). A significant relationship was found between sarcopenia and survival.

CONCLUSION

Sarcopenia has been observed to impact survival outcomes in various types of solid tumor cancers. Sarcopenic patients can be identified in a short time, easily and inexpensively, by HUAC measurements from CT images used for diagnosis, and survival could be promoted with nutritional support.
Clinical outcome and prognostic factors of T4N0M0 colon cancer after R0 resection: A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Bang , Zhang Zhao-Xiong , Nie Xin-Yang , Sun Wei-Lin , Yan Yong-Jia , Fu Wei-Hua
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Paradoxically, patients with T4N0M0 (stage II, no lymph node metastasis) colon cancer have a worse prognosis than those with T2N1-2M0 (stage III). However, no previous report has addressed this issue.

AIM

To screen prognostic risk factors for T4N0M0 colon cancer and construct a prognostic nomogram model for these patients.

METHODS

Two hundred patients with T4N0M0 colon cancer were treated at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between January 2017 and December 2021, of which 112 patients were assigned to the training cohort, and the remaining 88 patients were assigned to the validation cohort. Differences between the training and validation groups were analyzed. The training cohort was subjected to multivariate analysis to select prognostic risk factors for T4N0M0 colon cancer, followed by the construction of a nomogram model.

RESULTS

The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 86.2% and 74.4% for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Enterostomy (P = 0.000), T stage (P = 0.001), right hemicolon (P = 0.025), irregular review (P = 0.040), and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) (P = 0.011) were independent risk factors of OS in patients with T4N0M0 colon cancer. A nomogram model with good concordance and accuracy was constructed.

CONCLUSION

Enterostomy, T stage, right hemicolon, irregular review, and CA199 were independent risk factors for OS in patients with T4N0M0 colon cancer. The nomogram model exhibited good agreement and accuracy.
METTL5 promotes gastric cancer progression via sphingomyelin metabolism
Authors: Zhang Ya-Qiong , Li Jian , Qin Zhe , Li De-Ming , Ye Fang-Zhou , Bei Song-Hua , Zhang Xiao-Hong , Feng Li
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The treatment of gastric cancer (GC) has caused an enormous social burden worldwide. Accumulating studies have reported that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is closely related to tumor progression. METTL5 is a m6A methyltransferase that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the metabolic stability of cells. However, its aberrant regulation in GC has not been fully elucidated.

AIM

To excavate the role of METTL5 in the development of GC.

METHODS

METTL5 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and further verified via immunohistochemistry, western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in tissue microarrays and clinical samples. The tumor-promoting effect of METTL5 on HGC-27 and AGS cells was explored in vitro by Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, colony formation assays, scratch healing assays, transwell assays and flow cytometry. The tumor-promoting role of METTL5 in vivo was evaluated in a xenograft tumor model. The EpiQuik m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit was used for m6A quantification. Next, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the association between METTL5 and sphingomyelin metabolism, which was confirmed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and rescue tests. In addition, we investigated whether METTL5 affects the sensitivity of GC cells to cisplatin via colony formation and transwell experiments.

RESULTS

Our research revealed substantial upregulation of METTL5, which suggested a poor prognosis of GC patients. Increased METTL5 expression indicated distant lymph node metastasis, advanced cancer stage and pathological grade. An increased level of METTL5 correlated with a high degree of m6A methylation. METTL5 markedly promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells in vitro . METTL5 also promotes the growth of GC in animal models. METTL5 knockdown resulted in significant changes in sphingomyelin metabolism, which implies that METTL5 may impact the development of GC via sphingomyelin metabolism. In addition, high METTL5 expression led to cisplatin resistance.

CONCLUSION

METTL5 was found to be an oncogenic driver of GC and may be a new target for therapy since it facilitates GC carcinogenesis through sphingomyelin metabolism and cisplatin resistance.
Casual associations between blood metabolites and colon cancer
Authors: Hu Ke-Yue , Cheng Yi-Quan , Shi Zhi-Long , Ren Fu-Peng , Xiao Gang-Feng
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Limited knowledge exists regarding the casual associations linking blood metabolites and the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

AIM

To investigate causal associations between blood metabolites and colon cancer.

METHODS

The study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal impact of 486 blood metabolites on colorectal cancer. The primary method of analysis used was the inverse variance weighted model. To further validate the results several sensitivity analyses were performed, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR robust adjusted profile score. These additional analyses were conducted to ensure the reliability and robustness of the findings.

RESULTS

After rigorous selection for genetic variation, 486 blood metabolites were included in the MR analysis. We found Mannose [odds ratio (OR) = 2.09 (1.10-3.97), P = 0.024], N-acetylglycine [OR = 3.14 (1.78-5.53), P = 7.54 × 10-8], X-11593-O-methylascorbate [OR = 1.68 (1.04-2.72), P = 0.034], 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine [OR = 4.23 (2.51-7.12), P = 6.35 × 10-8] and 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphoethanolamine 4 [OR = 3.99 (1.17-13.54), P = 0.027] were positively causally associated with colorectal cancer, and we also found a negative causal relationship between Tyrosine [OR = 0.08 (0.01-0.63), P = 0.014], Urate [OR = 0.25 (0.10-0.62), P = 0.003], N-acetylglycine [0.73 (0.54-0.98), P = 0.033], X-12092 [OR = 0.89 (0.81-0.99), P = 0.028], Succinylcarnitine [OR = 0.48 (0.27-0.84), P = 0.09] with colorectal cancer. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the rigidity of the results.

CONCLUSION

This study showed a causal relationship between 10 blood metabolites and colorectal cancer, of which 5 blood metabolites were found to be causal for the development of colorectal cancer and were confirmed as risk factors. The other five blood metabolites are protective factors.
Transglutaminase 2 serves as a pathogenic hub gene of KRAS mutant colon cancer based on integrated analysis
Authors: Peng Wei-Bin , Li Yu-Ping , Zeng Yong , Chen Kai
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Colon cancer is acknowledged as one of the most common malignancies worldwide, ranking third in United States regarding incidence and mortality. Notably, approximately 40% of colon cancer cases harbor oncogenic KRAS mutations, resulting in the continuous activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling.

AIM

To investigate the key pathogenic genes in KRAS mutant colon cancer holds considerable importance.

METHODS

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis, in combination with additional bioinformatics analysis, were conducted to screen the key factors driving the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer. Meanwhile, various in vitro experiments were also conducted to explore the biological function of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2).

RESULTS

Integrated analysis demonstrated that TGM2 acted as an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival. Immunohistochemical analysis on tissue microarrays revealed that TGM2 was associated with an elevated probability of perineural invasion in patients with KRAS mutant colon cancer. Additionally, biological roles of the key gene TGM2 was also assessed, suggesting that the downregulation of TGM2 attenuated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of the KRAS mutant colon cancer cell line.

CONCLUSION

This study underscores the potential significance of TGM2 in the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer. This insight not only offers a theoretical foundation for therapeutic approaches but also highlights the need for additional clinical trials and fundamental research to support our preliminary findings.
MiRNA-145-5p inhibits gastric cancer progression via the serpin family E member 1- extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 axis
Authors: Bai Hong-Xia , Qiu Xue-Mei , Xu Chun-Hong , Guo Jian-Qiang
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology. However, there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC).

AIM

To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p (miR145-5p ) in the progression of GC.

METHODS

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells. The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays, and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot. Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1 ) expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis. The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested. A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p . The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.

RESULTS

GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA. Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression. Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression. Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2).

CONCLUSION

This study found that miR-145-5p inhibits tumor progression and is expressed in lower amounts in patients with GC. MiR-145-5p was found to affect GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by negatively regulating SERPINE1 levels and controlling the ERK1/2 pathway.
Hotspots and trends of risk factors in gastric cancer: A visualization and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Li Meng , Gao Ning , Wang Shao-Li , Guo Yu-Feng , Liu Zhen
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The lack of specific symptoms of gastric cancer (GC) causes great challenges in its early diagnosis. Thus it is essential to identify the risk factors for early diagnosis and treatment of GC and to improve the survival rates.

AIM

To assist physicians in identifying changes in the output of publications and research hotspots related to risk factors for GC, constructing a list of key risk factors, and providing a reference for early identification of patients at high risk for GC.

METHODS

Research articles on risk factors for GC were searched in the Web of Science core collection, and relevant information was extracted after screening. The literature was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019, CiteSpace V, and VOSviewer 1.6.18.

RESULTS

A total of 2514 papers from 72 countries and 2507 research institutions were retrieved. China (n = 1061), National Cancer Center (n = 138), and Shoichiro Tsugane (n = 36) were the most productive country, institution, or author, respectively. The research hotspots in the study of risk factors for GC are summarized in four areas, namely: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection, single nucleotide polymorphism, bio-diagnostic markers, and GC risk prediction models.

CONCLUSION

In this study, we found that H. pylori infection is the most significant risk factor for GC; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most dominant genetic factor for GC; bio-diagnostic markers are the most promising diagnostic modality for GC. GC risk prediction models are the latest current research hotspot. We conclude that the most important risk factors for the development of GC are H. pylori infection, SNP, smoking, diet, and alcohol.
Metastatic pancreatic and lung cancer patient in complete remission following immunotherapy: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Martínez-Galán Joaquina , Jiménez-Luna Cristina , Rodriguez Isabel , Maza Elisabeth , García-Collado Carlos , Rodríguez-Fernández Antonio , López-Hidalgo Javier Luis , Caba Octavio
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types, but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We describe a case of metastatic PDAC effectively treated with pembrolizumab.

CASE SUMMARY

We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with unresectable locally advanced PDAC, treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel followed by radiotherapy plus capecitabine. At nine months, pancreatic tumor progression was observed at the level of the hepatic hilum with the appearance of a new pulmonary nodule suggestive of a second primary, confirmed by left lung biopsy. Systemic immunotherapy was then initiated with pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein-1 that covers the two tumor types. The patient showed a complete metabolic response that was maintained throughout the treatment. The patient continues to be disease-free at 5.6 years since the start of immunotherapy.

CONCLUSION

These results suggest that the administration of pembrolizumab after chemoradiotherapy has a beneficial effect in patients with metastatic PDAC. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with metastatic PDAC and metastatic lung cancer showing such a long-lasting complete response after pembrolizumab treatment without curative surgery. Further studies are required to determine biomarkers that identify PDAC patients most likely to benefit from this immunotherapy.
Harrison, Wallace Kirkman (1895–1981))
Authors: Cormier Leslie Humm
Published: May 2024

New York stands as a global city today in great part thanks to the landmark collaborations of American modern architect Wallace Kirkman Harrison (1895–1981), whose legacy includes the Rockefeller Center and the 1939 New York World’s Fair. Most outstanding was Harrison’s leadership of the international design team for the Headquarters of the United Nations, a global symbol of peace and cooperation.
Schroeter, Werner (1945–2010)
Authors: Ehrenreich Andreas
Published: May 2024

In the late 1960s, Werner Schroeter taught himself to handle a camera and shot his first shorts on Super 8 and 16 mm that were presented at the Festival of Knokke in Belgium. After the critical success of his breakthrough Eika Katappa (1969), the writer-director created over 20 experimental feature-length fictional films and documentaries that are infused with his unique queer style and sensibility. Schroeter displayed a profound interest in music, equally in opera and ‘Schlager’, mixing the hits of his favourite artists Maria Callas and Caterina Valente in his films’ soundtracks. Music dominates the viewing experience at the expense of narrative progression. Blending high and low art elicits a kind of intense melodramatic emotionality which is the director’s primary aesthetic concern. Often, the films linger on their characters’ extreme emotional states without regard to story coherence or psychological development. Schroeter’s cinema dwells frequently on scenes of excess, showcasing loose series of meticulously composed tableaus. It is a highly artificial and manneristic œuvre with a modernist pastiche-like quality that contains manifold references to literature and visual art. Thematically, many of his films focus on death and the instability of sexual identity.
Marx, Karl (1818–1883)
Authors: McNeill Dougal
Published: May 2024

Karl Marx (1818–1883) was a revolutionist, socialist, philosopher, journalist and social theorist, best known for his Communist Manifesto, co-written with his friend and collaborator Friedrich Engels, his Capital (1867), a massive critique of political economy still unfinished at his death, and his activities in the International Workingmen’s Association, or First International. His influence on twentieth-century politics, philosophy, literature, art and social theory is almost impossible to overstate. Mass political movements on every continent took inspiration from his writing; almost one-third of the world was ruled in the twentieth century by states claiming to be following his legacy; ‘Marxism’ as a coherent philosophy and programme of political action has been debated and contested in academic, journalistic, political and philosophical settings almost constantly since his death; and his Communist Manifesto is one of the biggest-selling political pamphlets of the era. He is of particular importance for scholars of modernism for three reasons: (1) his own status as a modernist writer tackling the question of capitalist modernity; (2) the influence Marx and Marxism had on modernists and modernism; and (3) the Marxist framework many theorists of modernism have adopted.
The Thermal Properties of Artificial Reptile Refugia.
Authors:   , Harris Simon
Published: May 2024

The global decline of reptile species makes their conservation increasingly important. To aid conservation efforts we must have detailed information about reptile populations and any changes or trends that emerge amongst them. For this reason, rigorous population surveys must be carried out and it is in the best interest of these efforts that the survey tools used are as effective as possible. Artificial refugia surveying is a commonly used technique to survey reptiles in temperate climates. In this thesis we examine the thermal properties of traditional and novel refugia materials (aluminium, brass and polystyrene), and their performance in the field, in an attempt to prove that the technique can still be improved upon. The thermal properties of the materials were examined in a laboratory experiment and then used in a survey of Grass Snakes (Natrix natrix) across three different sites to determine which material performed the best. Overall, the new materials did not perform as well as the traditional however new alterations to traditional materials did result in an increase in performance. Iron outperformed bitumen when it was painted black and attracted to highest number of reptiles in the field survey. This shows that tried and tested methods can still always be improved upon and bitumen, the most popular refugia material according to a survey conducted as part of this thesis, may not necessarily be the best.
Adopting Learner-Centred Pedagogy to Develop Business Studies Learners' Problem-Solving and Creative Thinking Skills in Selected Schools in South Africa
Authors: Gcabashe Nduduzo Brian
Published: May 2024

The need for problem-solving and creative thinking skills to be taught well in business studies classrooms can never be overemphasised due to the complexity of the problems and challenges faced by businesses in the 21st-century business environment. Teachers are, therefore, required to adopt pedagogies that would enable learners to acquire problem-solving and creative thinking skills to operate effectively in the new business environment. This study investigates business studies teachers' adoption of learner-centred pedagogy to nurture learners' problem-solving and creative thinking skills. This qualitative study is positioned within the interpretive paradigm. An exploratory case study was employed as a research design. Progressive Learning Theory was adopted as the lens of the study. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were used to collect data from six business studies teachers who were sampled purposefully from six secondary schools in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. The raw data was analysed thematically. It was found that most teachers managed to adopt learner-centred pedagogy and learning activities that promoted the acquisition of problem-solving and creative thinking skills. The study concluded that business studies teachers are now embracing learner-centred pedagogy in their classrooms, and they understand the importance of teaching learners to equip them with skills that are demanded by the 21st-century business environment. Despite these findings, it is still recommended that workshops and short learning courses be offered to teachers to equip them with pedagogical skills that would help them to engrain and sustain learner-centred pedagogy in their instructional practices.
A Quantitative Study Examining the Relationship Between Parental Socioeconomic Status, Body Image, Peer Influence, and Self-esteem Among Adolescents
Authors: Habeeb Adewuyi Omoponle , Odutayo Adesegun Olayide
Published: May 2024

People with high self-esteem are better able to take delight in life's little pleasures, handle difficult situations, overcome challenges, establish lasting relationships, and strengthen their weaknesses. This study examined socioeconomic status, body image, and peer influence on self-esteem among in-school adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design of the correlational type was used during the investigation. This study employed a multi-stage sampling technique. Three hundred and forty-five in-school adolescents made the study sample. Data was collected using reliable instruments: (Peer Influence Scale α = .78; Body image scale α =0.83; Parental Socioeconomic Status Scale α =0.89; Self-Esteem Inventory α=.71). From the results, socioeconomic status (r = .533; p.<05), body image (r =. 577; p.<05), and peer influence (r = .331; p.<05) had a significant relationship with (self-esteem). Body Image made the most significant contribution (β = .371; t = 7.555; p<0.05) followed by Peer influence (β = .316; t = 8.112; p<0.05) and Socioeconomic status (β = .312; t = 6.374; p<0.05). The study underscores the need for counseling and orientation programs for adolescents in all ramifications; this will help ease the psychological strain that could hamper their self-esteem.
Elaboración de concreto para veredas utilizando residuos de construcción, vidrio, PET (Tereftalato de Polietileno), y bagazo de caña de azúcar (Saccharum Officinarum)
Authors: Sisniegas Gálvez Paul Alexis , Ninaquispe Zare Viviano Paulino Ninaquispe Zare , Gregorio Mayer Ascon Dionicio , Campos Vásquez Nilson Deonil , Vásquez Salazar Oscar Daniel , Vásquez Díaz José Laureano
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación “Elaboración de concreto para veredas utilizando residuos de construcción, vidrio, PET (Tereftalato de Polietileno), y bagazo de caña de azúcar (Saccharum Officinarum) cuyo objetivo fue elaborar un concreto para veredas utilizando residuos de construcción, vidrio, PET , y bagazo de caña de azúcar, sometiendo la resistencia a la compresión, mediante el diseño de mezclas, teniendo en cuenta la reutilización del vidrio, el comportamiento pulzonico del bagazo y la alta resistencia del PET, así mismo el trabajo de investigación es cuantitativa teniendo tres probetas con concreto experimental que después de 28 días fueron evaluadas en la probeta 1 se determinó 0% de materiales no convencionales, la probeta 2 se determinó el 1% de materiales no convencionales y la probeta 3 con el 4% de materiales no convencionales, los instrumentos utilizados en los ensayos según las normas de edificaciones y las herramientas de medición el cono de abrams, máquina de flexo-compresión, obteniendo resultados positivos en las probetas de muestreo siendo óptimo para la elaboración de un concreto para veredas.
Factibilidad de instalación de célula robótica para soldadura FSW: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Sisniegas Gálvez Paul Alexis , Ninaquispe Zare Viviano Paulino , Gregorio Mayer Ascon Dionicio , Vásquez Salazar Oscar Daniel , Campos Vásquez Nilson Deonil , Vásquez Díaz José Laureano
Published: May 2024

Dentro de los procesos metalmecánicos, la automatización y robotización es, hoy en día, esencial para conseguir incrementar la producción e impactar profundamente en los procesos de fabricación, entre las cuales se incluyen sistemas, tanto ligeros como pesados, de máquinas de corte, manipulación y soldadura altamente automatizadas. En general, los procesos de corte y soldadura robotizados sólo están implantados en grandes empresas punteras a nivel mundial, debido a su capacidad para acometer este tipo de inversiones, que para las pymes, muchas veces no es posible llevar a cabo.En este trabajo se propone una célula robotizada para soldadura FSW, dicha célula robótica de soldadura FSW consta de dos bancos de trabajo, dispositivos de sujeción para las piezas a ser soldadas y un robot industrial equipado con husillo para FSW. El robot más apropiado será de marca KUKA®, KR 1000 1300 titan PA-F, el cual está configurado para una carga nominal de 1300 kg para aprovechar de forma óptima el rendimiento y la dinámica del robot.
Pengalaman Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut yang Menjalani Kateterisasi Jantung di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta
Authors: Widyastanti Christina Restu , Marti Eva , Setya Widyastuti Chatarina
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang: Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) mengakibatkan kematian yang tinggi dan meningkat setiap tahunnya, diakibatkan ketidak seimbangan antara kebutuhan oksigen pada jantung dan aliran darah karena adanya penyempitan aliran pembuluh darah jantung. Prosedur kateterisasi jantung dapat menimbulkan beberapa respon bagi pasien, seperti kecemasan, nyeri, takut tentang prosedur, takut kematian, dan tindakan ini dilakukan pada pasien dalam keadaan sadar. sehingga pasien dapat melihat secara langsung proses tindakan kateterisasi jantung. Setelah tindakan pasien akan dibawa ke ruang ICCU untuk dilakukan perawatan lanjutan paska kateterisasi
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengalaman pasien SKA yang menjalani kateterisasi jantung di RS Panti Rapih Yogyakarta.
Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan phenomenology deskriptif. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dengan non probability sampling (purposive sampling), dengan kriteria inklusi partisipan yang menjalani kateterisasi jantung pertama kali dan dipasang stent/ring. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 partisipan sesuai saturasi data, pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dengan pedoman wawancara dan alat perekam. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah dari Creswell.
Hasil: Penelitian didapatkan enam tema yaitu 1) Motivasi internal dan eksternal dalam melakukan kateterisasi jantung 2) Berserah diri dalam menjalani kateterisasi jantung,3) Gambaran tindakan kateterisasi jantung tidak menakutkan 4) Rasa tidak nyaman setelah tindakan kateterisasi jantung 5) Perasaan positif setelah menjalani kateterisasi jantung 6) Pelayanan yang baik oleh tenaga kesehatan.
Peran perawat sangat penting dalam mendampingi pasien yang menjalani kateterisasi jantung baik sebelum tindakan, saat dan sesudah tindakan, karena akan berdampak pada psikologis pasien. Bagi tenaga kesehatan, supaya memberikan pelayanan secara holistik, terutama memperhatikan aspek psikologis seperti memberikan dukungan dan penjelasan tentang prosedur kateterisasi jantung sehingga dapat mengurangi kecemasan dan memberikan kepuasan pada pasien
Kata kunci: Pengalaman, Sindrom Koroner Akut, Kateterisasi Jantung
New ways to improve the efficiency of railway transportation of viscous petroleum products
Authors: Moiseev V. I.
Published: May 2024

The paper proposes a new approach to solving the problem of increasing the economic efficiency of railway transportation of viscous petroleum fuels (fuel oils) at low air temperatures. The physical properties of fuel oils allow them to be obtained when poured into the tank of a tank wagon in a stratified state, when their density in the upper part of the tank is significantly less than in its lower part. This blocks the natural convection of hot fuel oil on the cold walls of the tank, and it cools only due to the molecular thermal conductivity which is very small. Upon cooling down, a relatively thin highly viscous layer forms on the inner walls of the tank of a tank wagon, which acts as a heat-insulating shell, and the bulk of it (more than 90%) retains high temperature and fluidity throughout the period of transportation. The thermal and hydrodynamic calculations were performed using modern computer technologies (the ANSYS 5.6 software package). The results obtained show that the need to heat up the fuel oil during unloading remains, but already requires significantly less time and heat energy. The proposed energy-saving technologies for the delivery of viscous petroleum products are especially relevant in Russia with its cold continental climate, long-haul transportation, and the current structure of the country’s wagon fleet. The value of the results obtained lies in the fact that the proposal can be implemented on tank wagons in circulation with minimal change to their design. The technology of operation of the drain equipment at unloading points will not change either.
Differences Between Discovery Learning And Case-Based Learning Using Animated Videos On Critical Thinking Skills In Start Triage Among Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Sari Rystika Angga , Larasati Retno , Sari Hayati Yati
Published: May 2024

The 2004 disaster in Aceh underscores the need to strengthen disaster triage preparedness. Triage would be more accurate when considering human resource factors. Students are educated nurse candidates who will serve the community through their ability to think critically. Innovative learning opens opportunities to sharpen critical thinking in students' preparedness for emergency disaster situations. This study analyzes the differences between discovery learning and case-based learning on critical thinking in START Triage among undergraduate nursing students. This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test and post-test design involving 40 undergraduate nursing students selected through purposive sampling and divided into two groups: control and intervention. Data collection utilized the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory questionnaire. The results of the Paired T-test revealed differences in critical thinking ability in START Triage before and after receiving discovery learning and case-based learning. Furthermore, the independent T-test results indicated a significant influence of case-based and discovery learning on critical thinking ability in START Triage. Case-based learning utilizing animated videos significantly impacted nursing students' critical thinking ability in START Triage. Using animated videos as a basis for case-based learning provides a foundation for educational institutions to integrate into learning activities and disaster simulation exercises to enhance the quality of Triage services.