bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZAÇÃO DO LASER DE BAIXA POTÊNCIA NA SÍNDROME DA ARDÊNCIA BUCAL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Aylla de Lima Leal  , Michelle Miranda Lopes Falcao
Published: June 2023

A Síndrome da ardência bucal é caracterizada pelo quadro de ardência quase sempre acompanhado de dor, sem que haja a presença de qualquer disfunção e causa orgânica aparente. Essas características associadas à sensação de queimação, boca seca e paladar alterado contemplam o conjunto de sintomas que a definem como uma síndrome.
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA MELHORIA DA NOTIFICAÇÃO DO AGRAVO NO MUNICIPIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, BA
Authors: Soares e Soares Caroline Fernandes , Fernanda Matheus Estrela
Published: June 2023

A violência contra mulher, caracterizada enquanto violência de gênero, é um evento presente no cotidiano e em toda sociedade, que representa um grande ônus social e econômico. Analisando a prevalência deste fenômeno, em todo o mundo, cerca de uma a cada três mulheres já foi violentada por seu parceiro íntimo (WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, 2021).
INVESTIGAR A POSSÍVEL ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE CONSUMO DE BEBIDA ALCÓOLICA E HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA EM ADULTOS DE MUCUGÊ BAHIA
Authors: Pedro Yan Tomás Ananias  , Davi Felix Martins Junior
Published: June 2023

Há séculos, bebidas alcoólicas são consumidas pela humanidade e associadas a momentos de prazer e satisfação imediata (FERREIRA et al., 2013).
USO DE MEDICAMENTOS E NUTRACÊUTICOS NA SÍNDROME DA ARDÊNCIA BUCAL PRIMÁRIA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Tatiane Regina Costa Cezar  , Michelle Miranda Lopes Falcao
Published: June 2023

A Síndrome da Ardência Bucal (SAB) é uma condição crônica de desconforto relacionado à dor e sensação de queimação na cavidade oral sem sinais clínicos que justifiquem a sua origem (BENDER, 2018). É classificada, de acordo com a etiologia, em primária quando não se identifica um fator causal para a dor e ardência; e secundária, quando outras condições patológicas, podem justificar a sintomatologia, funcionando como uma espécie de gatilho para o aparecimento (CHIMENOS-KÜSTNER et al., 2017; THOPPAY; DESAI, 2019).
As narrativas dos periódicos Estadão e O Globo sobre a violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, 1972 a 1989
Authors: Beatriz Santos Sodré  , Andrea da Rocha Rodrigues Pereira Barbosa
Published: June 2023

A presente pesquisa aqui discutida, O Plano, "A representação dos periódicos Estadão e O Globo sobre a violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes no Brasil, 1972 a 1989".
SOBERANIA POPULAR AUTODETERMINADA: A INCLUSÃO NA TEORIA DISCURSIVA DO DIREITO
Authors: De Almeida Daniel Lima , Eduardo Chagas Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Situado no âmbito da teoria discursiva do direito, o trabalho abordou os fundamentos e pressupostos da forma procedimental de Jürgen Habermas e seu papel jurídico em sociedades complexas.
URBANIZAÇÃO E PRODUÇÃO DE CIDADES NA BAHIA: AS OCUPAÇÕES NA CIDADE DE FEIRA DE SANTANA ENTRE 1970 E 1980
Authors: Tainara Sampaio de Moura Santana  , Janio Laurentino de Jesus Santos
Published: June 2023

A história da habitação social no Brasil é de extrema importância para o contexto histórico-social das ocupações. Em 1850 foi aplicada a Lei de Terras que traz a obrigatoriedade do reconhecimento legal da propriedade, porém, sendo um período aindaescravocrata exclui negros, índios, mulheres e imigrantes pobres.
IMPLICAÇOES DIDÁTICAS DO ENSINO DE LEITURA FILOSÓFICA NA DOCÊNCIA UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Matheus das Neves Costa  , Fabricio Oliveira da Silva
Published: June 2023

Considerando que há uma questão central a ser pensada na atividade docente na universidade, que leva em consideração a relação professor e estudante, os modos de ensinar e de aprender leitura ancoram-se nos movimentos que o professor e o estudante fazem, para respectivamente, terem condições de desenvolverem os processos, segundo Anastasiou (2009) de ensinagem e de aprendizagem.
NARRATIVAS DE MESTRES DA TRADIÇÃO ORAL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O REPERTÓRIO VOCABULAR
Authors: Ronaldo Pereira Porto  , Fabiola Silva de Oliveira Vilas Boas
Published: June 2023

Este estudo, vinculado ao Projeto de pesquisa Cacimba de Histórias: vidas e saberes dos contadores de histórias tradicionais de cidades do interior da Bahia, tem como objetivo investigar a história de vida e repertórios de mestres e mestras da tradição, do interior da Bahia, para a criação de um dicionário ilustrado que conterá palavras especialmente utilizadas em seus respectivos repertórios.
OS ESQUEMAS [XNI-ALIS]A E [XNI-ARIS]A NA LÍNGUA LATINA: UMA ABORDAGEM CONSTRUCIONAL
Authors: Beatriz Barreto da Silva Santos  , Natival Almeida Simões Neto
Published: June 2023

Os sufixos portugueses -ar (familiar, escolar, rudimentar) e -al (dental, carnal, normal) têm origem nos sufixos latinos -aris e -alis. Em plano de trabalho anterior, o objetivo era catalogar as palavras derivadas com os sufixos -aris e -alis no latim clássico e descrever o comportamento morfológico, fonológico e semântico das realizações encontradas. O plano de trabalho atual parte dos resultados da pesquisa anterior, sendo analisados agora pela perspectiva da Morfologia Construcional.
UM ESTUDO PILOTO DE USO DE FERRAMENTAS COMPUTACIONAIS EM CORPORA ELETRÔNICOS NO ÂMBITO DA PARCERIA CE-DOHS E CORPUS TYCHO BRAHE, VIA CONVÊNIO UEFS-UNICAMP DE TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Lopes de Almeida Bruno , Zenaide de Oliveira Novais Carneiro
Published: June 2023

A discussão se divide em seções, respectivamente enumeradas, que discutem e elucidam partes fundamentais ao desenvolvimento do plano de trabalho: A ferramenta de edição eletrônica eDictor, a apresentação dos documentos, a Plataforma Tycho Brahe e os resultados das testagens e aprimoramentos realizados e/ou sugeridos.
O OBJETO DIRETO ANAFÓRICO DE TERCEIRA PESSOA EM CARTAS NOVECENTISTAS DE CORAÇÃO DE MARIA (BA)
Authors: Ingrid Bastos dos Santos  , Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira Lacerda
Published: June 2023

O Núcleo de Estudos de Língua Portuguesa (NELP), do Departamento de Letras e Artes (DLA) da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), tem um banco de textos, com mais de um milhão de palavras – o Corpus Eletrônico de Documentos Históricosdo Sertão (CE-DOHS) < http://www.uefs.br/cedohs/> –, destacando-se a documentação epistolar, sobretudo dos séculos XIX e XX.
MULHERES DA TERRA: UMA LEITURA FOUCAULTIANA DAS RAÍZES FEMININAS EM TORTO ARADO
Authors: Maria Rafaelle Silva Lima  , Carla Luzia Carneiro Borges
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho baseia-se no estudo e na análise discursiva da mulher por meio dos discursos produzidos segundo as personagens principais, Bibiana e Belonísia, no livro Torto Arado do autor nordestino, baiano, doutor em estudos étnicos e africanos, Itamar Vieira Junior.
UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE O USO DO ARTIGO DEFINIDO DIANTE DE ANTROPÔNIMOS NO PORTUGUÊS FALADO EM LUANDA-ANGOLA E NA COMUNIDADE DE MUSSUCA, NO ESTADO DE SERGIPE
Authors: Matheus de Araujo Azevedo  , Silvana Silva de Farias Araujo
Published: June 2023

Nesse trabalho, buscamos comparar a variação do uso de artigos definidos diante de nomes de pessoas, também denominado de antropônimos, no português falado em Luanda, capital de Angola, e na comunidade quilombola de Mussuca, no Estado de Sergipe, buscando entender o fenômeno em estudo à luz da sócio-história dessas ex-colônias de Portugal.
A escrevivência de Yasmin Morais: discurso, sujeito e escrita de si em Profundanças
Authors: Cazumbá Azevedo Vitória , Carla Luzia Carneiro Borges
Published: June 2023

Na primeira fase da pesquisa “Modos de dizer e ser leitoras e escritas em Profundanças”, participei de congressos para apresentação de trabalho, realizei entrevistas com as escritoras, viagens de campo ao Pernambuco e ao sul da Bahia para mapear e cartografar as escrevivências das escritoras da antologia.
ESTUDO DA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE BIOMOLÉCULAS FLUORESCENTES E NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PRATA PRODUZIDAS POR ELETRÓLISE AQUOSA
Authors: Renato Torres Brandes  , Ernando Silva Ferreira
Published: June 2023

A interface composta por material biológico e sintético tem sido cada vez mais requisitada em aplicações no contexto biomédico, o estudo desta fronteira é de grande ajuda para o desenvolvimento de áreas como a dos implantes.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DA LAGOA DO BERRECA, FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHIA
Authors: Camilla Marcele Silva Alves  , Taise Bomfim de Jesus
Published: June 2023

A cidade de Feira de Santana representa a segunda maior cidade do Estado da Bahia, e está localizada a cerca de 108 km a noroeste de Salvador, numa área de transição entre a faixa litorânea e o semi-árido. (CORREA NETO, et al, 2005).
Análise temporal dos casos de internações por complicações da sífilis na Bahia
Authors: Isabel Guedes de Souza  , Aloisio Machado da Silva Filho
Published: June 2023

A sífilis trata-se de uma infecção bacteriana sistêmica, crônica, curável que acomete os seres humanos. Todavia, são poucos os dados epidemiológicos encontrados sobre DST na América Latina e Caribe, enquanto os dados oficiais são incompletos, fatores que dificultam a implementação de possíveis medidas de prevenção e tratamento por desconhecimento do público alvo (GERBASE et al., 1999 apud GARCIA, 2009).
Avaliação de Políticas de Aumento de Dados de Estado-da-Arte para Reconhecimento de Espécies de Plantas em Larga Escala através de Deep Learning
Authors: Dourado Filho Luciano Araújo , Angelo Conrado Loula
Published: June 2023

As técnicas de Aumento de Dados (AD) consistem na aplicação de transformações sobre imagens a fim de potencializar o treinamento de modelos de aprendizado de máquina através da codificação manual de invariâncias para realização de tarefas decomputação visual.
CURVATURAS DE UMA SUPERFÍCIE REGULAR
Authors: Matheus Silva Xavier  , Claudiano Goulart
Published: June 2023

O trabalho tem como objetivo central o estudo das curvaturas em superfícies regulares. Para atingir este objetivo, foi necessário a realização de uma revisão bibliográfica detalhada de conteúdos de Geometria Diferencial essenciais para a compreensão e estudo dos conceitos de curvatura, sendo esses: Superfícies Regulares, Superfícies Parametrizadas Regulares, Plano Tangente, Primeira Forma Fundamental, Segunda Forma Fundamental e Aplicação Normal de Gauss.
Desatentos: Um Jogo Sério para a Conscientização do TDAH
Authors: Vinícius Dias de Jesus Maciel  , Victor Travassos Sarinho
Published: June 2023

Segundo (Mattos, 2001) “O TDAH junto com a dislexia, representa a principal causa de fracasso escolar, sendo que a dificuldade de aprendizagem está presente em 20% das crianças com este transtorno”. (Couto et al, 2010) reafirma a gravidade do problemaquando afirma, que o TDAH e a dislexia, são as principais causas de fracasso escolar e estão presentes em 7% das crianças no Brasil.
GamingUS: Aplicando User Stories como Elementos e Interações de Jogo em uma Proposta de Desenvolvimento de um Game-of-Games Multiplayer
Authors: William Oliveira Soares  , Victor Travassos Sarinho
Published: June 2023

Jogos sérios, ou jogos com propósitos, buscam proporcionar ambientes lúdicos e interativos integrados a aspectos de ensino de uma maneira engajada e específica para um determinado assunto (Buchinger & Silva Hounsell, 2013). Jogos sérios também podem ser voltados para a criação de novos jogos, os quais são obtidos através da conclusão de suas respectivas partidas, algo também conhecido como metagames ou Game-of-Games (GoG) (Bruinsma & Spil, 2016).
Uso de minerais como suplementos na produção de etanol por leveduras
Authors: Anunciação Adriana Soares , Ernesto Acosta Martinez
Published: June 2023

O etanol é o biocombustível mais consumido no mundo e o Brasil foi o primeiro país que introduziu esse combustível renovável. Atualmente, o Brasil detém o processo economicamente mais viável para a produção de etanol, sendo um dos maiores produtores do mundo (BASSO et al., 2011).
LEVANTAMENTO PROSPECTIVO DE PROCESSOS E TECNOLOGIAS NO APROVEITAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS GERADOS A PARTIR DO PROCESSAMENTO DE POLPAS DE FRUTAS DE UMBU E UMBU-CAJÁ
Authors: Ana Clara de Araujo Moreira  , Tais Silva de Oliveira Brandao
Published: June 2023

Qualquer setor de produção é inerente que ocorra a geração de resíduos e subprodutos. Contudo, tem-se observado nos últimos anos uma atenção especial no sentido de diminuir ou buscar formas de aproveitamento de resíduos sólidos gerados pela maioria dos processos agroindustriais (MARADINI FILHO et al., 2020).
LEVANTAMENTO PROSPECTIVO DO PROCESSO PRODUTIVO DE POLPA DE CAJU E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS ATRAVÉS DA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Brena Cardoso Pires  , Fatima Luscher Albinati
Published: June 2023

O pseudofruto caju é composto pelo pedúnculo, parte da polpa do fruto, e a castanha, que é o fruto (SERRANO; PESSOA, 2016). Segundo a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa e Agropecuária - EMBRAPA (2000), o pedúnculo do caju contém de três a cinco vezes mais vitamina C que a laranja, cálcio, fósforo e outros componentes, como carotenoides, compostos fenólicos e antioxidantes, nutrientes essenciais à dieta humana.
Investigando o impacto de anomalias de código nas práticas do desenvolvimento de software
Authors: Daniel Alves Costa  , Jose Amancio Macedo Santos
Published: June 2023

Com os estudos realizados na área de Engenharia de Software foi visto a necessidade de identificar anomalias presentes nos códigos com o intuito de melhorar o software estudado evitando possíveis erros futuros e grandes dificuldades para manutenção do mesmo quando este estiver em uso (Fowler, 2018).
MORTALIDADE POR CÂNCER EM TRABALHADORAS E TRABALHADORES AGRÍCOLAS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE FEIRA DE SANTANA
Authors: Da Conceição Santana Leandra Ingrid , Gean Claudio de Souza Santana
Published: June 2023

O Brasil é o maior consumidor de agrotóxicos do planeta em volume de produtos, com cerca de 550 mil toneladas de ingredientes ativos em 2017 (TANIGUCHI, 2019). Esse dado chama atenção por conta dos efeitos que essas substâncias têm no meio ambiente e na saúde das trabalhadoras e trabalhadores agrícolas que estão expostos a esses compostos. Koifamn e Hatagima (2003) verificaram um aumento da mortalidade por câncer de pâncreas, fígado, laringe, bexiga e tumores hematológicos em homens, e de câncer de pâncreas e tumores hematológicos em mulheres.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE ESCRITA ACADÊMICA NUM CURSO DE ENGENHARIA
Authors: Mirelle Oliveira da Cruz  , Helia Lucila Malta
Published: June 2023

Discutimos a relação dos estudantes e a escrita na universidade, focalizando estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem de escrita acadêmica num curso de Engenharia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana UEFS, a partir da perspectiva dos estudantes. A escrita é considerada uma habilidade primordial para a difusão e produção do conhecimento nas práticas escolares bem como na universidade, consiste numa prática a ser desenvolvida constantemente.
AUMENTO DE DESEMPENHO DO MÓDULO DE RECUPERAÇÃO DE IMAGENS PARA O SISTEMA PATHOSPOTTER
Authors: Ozenilson Alisson Pereira da Cruz  , Angelo Amâncio Duarte
Published: June 2023

De acordo com a Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia (SBN), cerca de 850 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo sofrem de algum tipo de doença renal (Andrade & Tavares, 2020). Entre elas, as doenças glomerulares foram a terceira principal causa de doenças renais primárias no Brasil em 2017, estando atrás somente da hipertensão e da diabetes (Thomé et al., 2019). O diagnóstico das doenças glomerulares é feito através da análise microscópica do rim e necessita de um patologista especialista.
Progressive algorithm for the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a multilayered eccentric sphere
Authors: Li Rongheng , Li Ben Q.
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a general progressive algorithm for the computational study of electromagnetic wave scattering by a multilayered eccentric nanoparticle. The presented methodology is based on a combination of the vector addition theorem for spherical wave functions and an efficient progressive algorithm that matches the boundary conditions of every two adjacent shell layers from the outmost to the innermost layer. As a result, only a solution of small-sized matrices is required rather than solving a large set of system equations as reported in other works. With the developed approach, explicit expressions of the Mie scattering coefficients of the eccentric particle can be obtained. Moreover, the Mie coefficients of a specific inner layer could be calculated selectively, instead of having to compute those of all layers of the entire particle as required by other algorithms. The presented methodology can be used to study practically any type of spherical particle inclusions and the most widely studied cases such as scattering by solid particles, concentric particles, and inclusions with centers displaced along a straight line are just special cases of the algorithm presented. Computed results are also presented, illustrating that the eccentric structure allows extra freedom in the design of multilayered nanoparticles for optical applications.
Hysteresis of lock-in range in a He–Ne ring laser gyroscope
Authors: Lariontsev E. G.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a hysteresis of the lock-in range in a He–Ne ring laser
gyroscope is theoretically analyzed. We propose a new model accounting
an additional coupling of the counterpropagating waves due to their
diffraction on the gratings induced in the cavity mirrors. Numerical
simulations in the proposed model show the existence of broad
hysteresis areas of a lock-in range. Dependence of hysteresis on the
pump excess above the threshold has been studied.
Optical detection of the ultrasound-induced pulsed thermal lens close to the ice-water phase transition
Authors: Flizikowski G. A. S. , Bergmann E. V. , Bazachi A. , Mendes R. S. , Novatski A. , Jacinto C. , Baesso M. L. , Malacarne L. C. , Astrath N. G. C.
Published: June 2023

Piezo-optic and thermo-optic coefficients are important material properties that play a critical role in the design and optimization of many optical devices. The ability to accurately measure and control these coefficients is essential for achieving high performance and reliability in a wide range of applications. In this article, we use the optical detection of the ultrasound-induced thermal lens effect to investigate these properties for water at low temperatures. The results show that the anomalous behavior of water around 4°C is easily observed. The thermal lens method is used to determine the temperature dependence of the piezo-optic and thermo-optic coefficients.
Etchless photonic integrated circuits enabled by bound states in the continuum: tutorial
Authors: Yu Yue , Sun Xiankai
Published: June 2023

We provide a detailed tutorial demonstrating how the principle of “bound states in the continuum” (BICs) enables ultralow-loss guiding and routing of photons in photonic integrated circuits fabricated with an etchless process. Here, BICs refer to the nondissipative transverse magnetic (TM) polarized bound modes that exist in the transverse electric (TE) polarized continuum. First, we provide a theoretical analysis of BICs based on the coupling between the TM bound modes and the TE continuum, which is next verified by numerically simulated waveguide propagation loss of the TM bound modes for different waveguide geometries. Then, we present the experimental details, which include fabrication processes and characterization methods for various types of BIC-based integrated photonic devices. Finally, we discuss the superiority and versatility of the BIC-based integrated photonic platform, which can be adopted for different thin-film substrates, for different wavelength ranges, and for heterogeneous integration with different functional materials.
Low-loss and flexible terahertz bandpass frequency selective surface based on cyclic olefin copolymer substrate via solvent-free synthesis
Authors: Cai Longzhu , Jiang Zhi Hao , Wu Jing-Bo , Chen Hui , Hong Wei
Published: June 2023

This study investigates a low-loss and flexible terahertz frequency selective surface (FSS) based on cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) film substrate, which is fabricated via a simple temperature-control method without the use of solvent. The measured frequency response of the proof-of-concept COC-based THz bandpass FSS matches well with the numerical results. Due to the ultra-low COC dielectric dissipation factor (order of 0.0001) in the THz band, the measured passband insertion loss at 559 GHz reaches 1.22 dB, which is much better than that of previously reported THz bandpass filters. This work indicates that the remarkable characteristics (small dielectric constant, low frequency dispersion, low dissipation factor, good flexibility, etc.) of the proposed COC material make it a great application prospect in the THz field.
Method for extracting pigment characteristic spectra from the phytoplankton absorption spectrum
Authors: Zhang Tinglu , Tai Feng , Hu Lianbo , Chen Shuguo
Published: June 2023

The extraction of pigment characteristic spectra from the phytoplankton absorption spectrum has high application value in phytoplankton identification and classification and in quantitative extraction of pigment concentrations. Derivative analysis, which has been widely used in this field, is easily interfered with by noisy signals and the selection of the derivative step, resulting in the loss and distortion of the pigment characteristic spectra. In this study, a method based on the one-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was proposed to extract the pigment characteristic spectra of phytoplankton. DWT and derivative analysis were applied simultaneously to the phytoplankton absorption spectra of 6 phyla (Dinophyta, Bacillariophyta, Haptophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Prochlorophyta) to verify the effectiveness of DWT in the extraction of pigment characteristic spectra.
Non-local affinity adaptive acceleration propagation network for generating dense depth maps from LiDAR
Authors: Zhang Hanxuan , Huo Ju
Published: June 2023

Depth completion aims to generate dense depth maps from the sparse depth images generated by LiDAR. In this paper, we propose a non-local affinity adaptive accelerated (NL-3A) propagation network for depth completion to solve the mixing depth problem of different objects on the depth boundary. In the network, we design the NL-3A prediction layer to predict the initial dense depth maps and their reliability, non-local neighbors and affinities of each pixel, and learnable normalization factors. Compared with the traditional fixed-neighbor affinity refinement scheme, the non-local neighbors predicted by the network can overcome the propagation error problem of mixed depth objects. Subsequently, we combine the learnable normalized propagation of non-local neighbor affinity with pixel depth reliability in the NL-3A propagation layer, so that it can adaptively adjust the propagation weight of each neighbor during the propagation process, which enhances the robustness of the network. Finally, we design an accelerated propagation model. This model enables parallel propagation of all neighbor affinities and improves the efficiency of refining dense depth maps. Experiments on KITTI depth completion and NYU Depth V2 datasets show that our network is superior to most algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency of depth completion. In particular, we predict and reconstruct more smoothly and consistently at the pixel edges of different objects.
Higher order wavefront correction and axial scanning in a single fast and compact piezo-driven adaptive lens
Authors: Gowda Hitesh G. B. , Wallrabe Ulrike , Wapler Matthias C.
Published: June 2023

We present a compact adaptive glass membrane lens for higher order wavefront correction and axial scanning, driven by integrated segmented piezoelectric actuators. The membrane can be deformed in a combination of rotational symmetry providing focus control of up to ± 6 m−1 and spherical aberration correction of up to 5 wavelengths and different discrete symmetries to correct higher order aberrations such as astigmatism, coma and trefoil by up to 10 wavelengths. Our design provides a large clear aperture of 12 mm at an outer diameter of the actuator of 18 mm, a thickness of 2 mm and a response time of less than 2 ms.
Femtosecond-laser-based full-field three-dimensional imaging with phase compensation
Authors: Shi Liheng , Wang Yue , Zhang Ruixue , Zhang Jinxu , Yang Yuetang , Li Yang , Chen Jiayang , Zhou Siyu , Wu Guanhao
Published: June 2023

Coherence scanning interferometer (CSI) enables 3D imaging with nanoscale precision. However, the efficiency of such a system is limited because of the restriction imposed by the acquisition system. Herein, we propose a phase compensation method that reduces the interferometric fringe period of femtosecond-laser-based CSI, resulting in larger sampling intervals. We realize this method by synchronizing the heterodyne frequency with the repetition frequency of the femtosecond laser. The experimental results show that our method can keep the root-mean-square axial error down to 2 nm at a high scanning speed of 6.44 µm per frame, which enables fast nanoscale profilometry over a wide area.
Four-wave mixing seeded by a rapid wavelength-sweeping FDML laser for nonlinear imaging at 900 nm and 1300 nm
Authors: Lamminger Philipp , Hakert Hubertus , Lotz Simon , Kolb Jan Philip , Kutscher Tonio , Karpf Sebastian , Huber Robert
Published: June 2023

Four-wave mixing (FWM) enables the generation and amplification of light in spectral regions where suitable fiber gain media are unavailable. The 1300 nm and 900 nm regions are of especially high interest for time-encoded (TICO) stimulated Raman scattering microscopy and spectro-temporal laser imaging by diffracted excitation (SLIDE) two-photon microscopy. We present a new, to the best of our knowledge, FWM setup where we shift the power of a home-built fully fiber-based master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) at 1064 nm to the 1300-nm region of a rapidly wavelength-sweeping Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) laser in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) creating pulses in the 900-nm region. The resulting 900-nm light can be wavelength swept over 54 nm and has up to 2.5 kW (0.2 µJ) peak power and a narrow instantaneous spectral linewidth of 70 pm. The arbitrary pulse patterns of the MOPA and the fast wavelength tuning of the FDML laser (419 kHz) allow it to rapidly tune the FWM light enabling new and faster TICO-Raman microscopy, SLIDE imaging, and other applications.
Ultrahigh-resolution and ultra-simple fiber-optic sensor with resonant Sagnac interferometer
Authors: Liu Shuting , Zhao Shuangxiang , Liu Qingwen , Jiang Shoulin , Jin Wei , He Zuyuan
Published: June 2023

The resonant fiber-optic sensor (RFOS) is well known for its high sensing resolution but usually suffers from high cost and system complexity. In this Letter, we propose an ultra-simple white-light-driven RFOS with a resonant Sagnac interferometer. By superimposing the output of multiple equivalent Sagnac interferometers, the strain signal is amplified during the resonance. A 3 × 3 coupler is employed for demodulation, by which the signal under test can be read out directly without any modulation. With 1 km delay fiber and ultra-simple configuration, a strain resolution of 28fε/Hz at 5 kHz is demonstrated in the experiment, which is among the highest, to the best of our knowledge, resolution optical fiber strain sensors.
“Blue-free” orange ZnO-related light-emitting diode based on a natural interface layer of Ga2O3 and ZnGa2O4
Authors: Huang Haoxuan , Xiang Guojiao , Song Chengle , He Zhen , Zhang Jiahui , Zhang Jinming , Yue Zhiang , Zhang Xian , Wang Peiyao , Jin Yidan , Mei Mengyan , Ding Jinwei , Wang Yongqi , Zhao Yang , Wang Hui
Published: June 2023

To fabricate a ZnO-related light-emitting diode (LED) with zero emission at blue wavelengths (“blue-free”), an ingenious strategy is employed. Specifically, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a natural oxide interface layer, possessing remarkable visible emission potential, is introduced into the Au/i-ZnO/n-GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure. The unique Au/i-ZnO/interface layer/n-GaN structure successfully eliminated the harmful blue emissions (400–500 nm) from the ZnO film, and the remarkable orange electroluminescence is mainly attributed to the impact ionization process of the natural interface layer at high electric field. It is worth mentioning that the device achieved ultra-low color temperature (2101 K) and excellent color rendering index (92.8) under electrical injection, indicating that the device could fulfill the requirements of electronic display systems and general illumination, and might even play unexpected roles in special lighting domains. The results obtained provide a novel and effective strategy for the design and preparation of ZnO-related LEDs.
Random number generation using spontaneous symmetry breaking in a Kerr resonator
Authors: Quinn Liam , Xu Gang , Xu Yiqing , Li Zongda , Fatome Julien , Murdoch Stuart G. , Coen Stéphane , Erkintalo Miro
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate an all-optical random number generator based on spontaneous symmetry breaking in a coherently driven Kerr resonator. Random bit sequences are generated by repeatedly tuning a control parameter across a symmetry-breaking bifurcation that enacts random selection between two possible steady-states of the system. Experiments are performed in a fiber ring resonator, where the two symmetry-broken steady-states are associated with orthogonal polarization modes. Detrimental biases due to system asymmetries are suppressed by leveraging a recently discovered self-symmetrization phenomenon that ensures the symmetry-breaking dynamics act as an unbiased coin toss, with a genuinely random selection between the two available steady-states. We optically generate bits at a rate of 3 MHz without post-processing and verify their randomness using the National Institute of Standards and Technology and Dieharder statistical test suites.
Polarimetric calibrated robust dual-SLM complex-amplitude computer-generated holography
Authors: Sui Xiaomeng , Wu Weijie , Pivnenko Mike , Chu Daping , Cao Liangcai
Published: June 2023

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a widely used spatial light modulator (SLM) in computer-generated holography (CGH). However, the phase-modulating profile of LCoS is often not ideally uniform in application, bringing about undesired intensity fringes. In this study, we overcome this problem by proposing a highly robust dual-SLM complex-amplitude CGH technique, which incorporates a polarimetric mode and a diffractive mode. The polarimetric mode linearizes the general phase modulations of the two SLMs separately, while the diffractive mode uses camera-in-the-loop optimization to achieve improved holographic display. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposal in improving reconstructing accuracy by 21.12% in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and 50.74% in structure similarity index measure (SSIM), using LCoS SLMs with originally non-uniform phase-modulating profiles.
Higher-order hybrid topological bound states in a non-Hermitian system
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Rui Guanghao , He Jun , Gu Bing
Published: June 2023

Higher-order topological states, such as the corner and pseudo-hinge states, have been discovered in both Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems. These states have inherent high-quality factors that make them useful in the application of photonic devices. In this work, we design a non-Hermiticity solely induced Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) lattice and demonstrate the existence of diverse higher-order topological bound states in the continuum (BICs). In particular, we first uncover some hybrid topological states that occur in the form of BICs in the non-Hermitian system. Furthermore, these hybrid states with an amplified and localized field have been demonstrated to excite nonlinear harmonic generation with high efficiency. The appearance of these topological bound states will advance the study of the interplay of topology, BICs, and non-Hermitian optics.
Low-loss 3-dimensional waveguide crossing with a parabolic taper interlayer coupler based on a SiN-SiN-Si three-layer platform
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Han Lin , Ruan Xiaoke , Chu Tao
Published: June 2023

We demonstrated a SiN-SiN-Si three-layer silicon waveguide crossing with low-loss crossings and interlayer couplers. The underpass and overpass crossings exhibited ultralow loss (<0.82/1.16 mdB) and cross talk (<−56/−48 dB) in the wavelength range of 1260–1340 nm. To reduce the loss and length of the interlayer coupler, a parabolic interlayer coupling structure was adopted. The measured interlayer coupling loss was less than 0.11 dB from 1260 to 1340 nm, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the lowest loss reported for an interlayer coupler based on a SiN-SiN-Si three-layer platform. The total interlayer coupler length was only 120 µm.
Dielectric function and band gap determination of single crystal CuFeS2 using FTIR-VIS-UV spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: Hale Nathan , Hartl Matthias , Humlíček Josef , Brüne Christoph , Kildemo Morten
Published: June 2023

Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were performed on antiferromagnetic semiconductor CuFeS2 grown via molecular beam epitaxy. UV/Visible and IR ellipsometry data was merged and modeled to derive the dielectric function of CuFeS2 from 30 meV to 4.5 eV. The CuFeS2 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which gave the crystal quality, surface roughness and sample film thickness. A critical point analysis revealed a direct band gap of 0.76 eV, while modeling gives a carrier concentration of 8 ± 2 × 1019~cm−3 and an estimate of the indirect band gap of 0.5 eV. Optically active infrared phonons were observed at 319 cm−1 and 350 cm−1 with significant Raman active modes at 85.8 cm−1, 265 cm−1, 288 cm−1, 318 cm−1 and 377 cm−1. The fitted optical constants were then used to characterize the crystal quality and spatial uniformity.
The absence of core piRNA biogenesis factors does not impact efficient transposon silencing in Drosophila
Authors: Chary Shashank , Hayashi Rippei
Published: June 2023

Organisms require mechanisms to distinguish self and non-self-RNA. This distinction is crucial to initiate the biogenesis of Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). In Drosophila ovaries, PIWI-guided slicing and the recognition of piRNA precursor transcripts by the DEAD-box RNA helicase Yb are the 2 known mechanisms to licence an RNA for piRNA biogenesis in the germline and the soma, respectively. Both the PIWI proteins and Yb are highly conserved across most Drosophila species and are thought to be essential to the piRNA pathway and for silencing transposons. However, we find that species closely related to Drosophila melanogaster have lost the yb gene, as well as the PIWI gene Ago3. We show that the precursor RNA is still selected in the absence of Yb to abundantly generate transposon antisense piRNAs in the soma. We further demonstrate that Drosophila eugracilis, which lacks Ago3, is completely devoid of ping-pong piRNAs and exclusively produces phased piRNAs in the absence of slicing. Thus, core piRNA pathway genes can be lost in evolution while still maintaining efficient transposon silencing.
Mathematical properties of optimal fluxes in cellular reaction networks at balanced growth
Authors: Dourado Hugo , Liebermeister Wolfram , Ebenhöh Oliver , Lercher Martin J.
Published: June 2023

The physiology of biological cells evolved under physical and chemical constraints, such as mass conservation across the network of biochemical reactions, nonlinear reaction kinetics, and limits on cell density. For unicellular organisms, the fitness that governs this evolution is mainly determined by the balanced cellular growth rate. We previously introduced growth balance analysis (GBA) as a general framework to model and analyze such nonlinear systems, revealing important analytical properties of optimal balanced growth states. It has been shown that at optimality, only a minimal subset of reactions can have nonzero flux. However, no general principles have been established to determine if a specific reaction is active at optimality. Here, we extend the GBA framework to study the optimality of each biochemical reaction, and we identify the mathematical conditions determining whether a reaction is active or not at optimal growth in a given environment. We reformulate the mathematical problem in terms of a minimal number of dimensionless variables and use the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to identify fundamental principles of optimal resource allocation in GBA models of any size and complexity. Our approach helps to identify from first principles the economic values of biochemical reactions, expressed as marginal changes in cellular growth rate; these economic values can be related to the costs and benefits of proteome allocation into the reactions’ catalysts. Our formulation also generalizes the concepts of Metabolic Control Analysis to models of growing cells. We show how the extended GBA framework unifies and extends previous approaches of cellular modeling and analysis, putting forward a program to analyze cellular growth through the stationarity conditions of a Lagrangian function. GBA thereby provides a general theoretical toolbox for the study of fundamental mathematical properties of balanced cellular growth.
Identifying properties of pattern completion neurons in a computational model of the visual cortex
Authors: Baker Casey M. , Gong Yiyang
Published: June 2023

Neural ensembles are found throughout the brain and are believed to underlie diverse cognitive functions including memory and perception. Methods to activate ensembles precisely, reliably, and quickly are needed to further study the ensembles’ role in cognitive processes. Previous work has found that ensembles in layer 2/3 of the visual cortex (V1) exhibited pattern completion properties: ensembles containing tens of neurons were activated by stimulation of just two neurons. However, methods that identify pattern completion neurons are underdeveloped. In this study, we optimized the selection of pattern completion neurons in simulated ensembles. We developed a computational model that replicated the connectivity patterns and electrophysiological properties of layer 2/3 of mouse V1. We identified ensembles of excitatory model neurons using K-means clustering. We then stimulated pairs of neurons in identified ensembles while tracking the activity of the entire ensemble. Our analysis of ensemble activity quantified a neuron pair’s power to activate an ensemble using a novel metric called pattern completion capability (PCC) based on the mean pre-stimulation voltage across the ensemble. We found that PCC was directly correlated with multiple graph theory parameters, such as degree and closeness centrality. To improve selection of pattern completion neurons in vivo, we computed a novel latency metric that was correlated with PCC and could potentially be estimated from modern physiological recordings. Lastly, we found that stimulation of five neurons could reliably activate ensembles. These findings can help researchers identify pattern completion neurons to stimulate in vivo during behavioral studies to control ensemble activation.
Midwifery care providers’ childbirth and immediate newborn care competencies: A cross-sectional study in Benin, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda
Authors: Moller Ann-Beth , Welsh Joanne , Agossou Christian , Ayebare Elizabeth , Chipeta Effie , Dossou Jean-Paul , Gross Mechthild M. , Houngbo Gisele , Hounkpatin Hashim , Kandeya Bianca , Mwilike Beatrice , Petzold Max , Hanson Claudia
Published: June 2023

Evidence-based quality care is essential for reducing sub-Saharan Africa’s high burden of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. Provision of quality care results from interaction between several components of the health system including competent midwifery care providers and the working environment. We assessed midwifery care providers’ ability to provide quality intrapartum and newborn care and selected aspects of the working environment as part of the Action Leveraging Evidence to Reduce perinatal morTality and morbidity (ALERT) project in Benin, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda. We used a self-administered questionnaire to assess provider knowledge and their working environment and skills drills simulations to assess skills and behaviours. All midwifery care providers including doctors providing midwifery care in the maternity units were invited to take part in the knowledge assessment and one third of the midwifery care providers who took part in the knowledge assessment were randomly selected and invited to take part in the skills and behaviour simulation assessment. Descriptive statistics of interest were calculated. A total of 302 participants took part in the knowledge assessment and 113 skills drills simulations were conducted. The assessments revealed knowledge gaps in frequency of fetal heart rate monitoring and timing of umbilical cord clamping. Over half of the participants scored poorly on aspects related to routine admission tasks, clinical history-taking and rapid and initial assessment of the newborn, while higher scores were achieved in active management of the third stage of labour. The assessment also identified a lack of involvement of women in clinical decision-making. Inadequate competency level of the midwifery care providers may be due to gaps in pre-service training but possibly related to the structural and operational facility characteristics including continuing professional development. Investment and action on these findings are needed when developing and designing pre-service and in-service training.

Trial registration: PACTR202006793783148—June 17th, 2020.
A comparative study on behavior, awareness and belief about cervical cancer among rural and urban women in Vietnam
Authors: Phung Minh Tung , An Pham Le , Vinh Nguyen Nhu , Le Hong H. T. C. , McLean Karen , Meza Rafael , Mukherjee Bhramar , Lee Alice W. , Pearce Celeste Leigh
Published: June 2023

Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer in Vietnam but based on the literature, only ~25% of Vietnamese women reported ever being screened for cervical cancer. To inform strategies to reduce the cervical cancer burden in Southern Vietnam where disease incidence is higher than the national average, this study examined behaviors, awareness, barriers, and beliefs about cervical cancer screening among rural and urban women in this geographical region. In October-November 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 196 rural and 202 urban women in Southern Vietnam; participants completed a cervical cancer screening questionnaire. Descriptive analyses and rural-urban differences in screening behavior, awareness, barriers, and beliefs are presented. About half of the rural and urban participants reported ever being screened for cervical cancer. Most participants showed high perceived severity of cervical cancer and benefits of screening. Further, they reported that they would screen if it was recommended by doctors and/or friends/family. However, most women showed low awareness and perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer. Logistical and psychosocial barriers to physician-based screening methods were reported. Based on our results, the World Health Organization 2030 goals for cervical cancer screening are not currently met in Southern Vietnam. Increasing health literacy and engaging doctors and family members/social networks emerged as important avenues to improve screening. HPV (Human papillomavirus) self-sampling is also a potential approach to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening given the identified psychosocial and logistical barriers.
A facility-based study of lipids, glucose levels and their correlates among pregnant women in public hospitals of northern Ethiopia
Authors: Berihu Gebregziabher , Mitiku Mengistu , Asfaw Beyene Selamawit , Gebregziabher Letekirstos , Gebregiorgis Yohana , Eyasu Mulu , Teferi Molla , Wellay Tsegay , Tewele Alemtsehay , Tesfay Atsbeha Mussie
Published: June 2023

Background

Lipids and glucose concentrations in the blood rise during pregnancy period. Poor control of these analytes results in cardio metabolic dysfunction. Despite this, there are no documented studies which investigate lipids and glucose among pregnant women in Tigrai, northern Ethiopia.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess lipid and glucose levels and identify their correlates among pregnant women in Tigrai, northern Ethiopia.

Method

We conducted a facility-based cross sectional study comprising of systematically selected 200 pregnant women from July to October 2021. Those who were severely ill were excluded from the study. We used a structured questionnaire to collect socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of pregnant women. Lipids such as triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, cholesterol and blood glucose were also measured using Cobas C311 chemistry machine from plasma samples. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Logistic regression was performed and statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.

Result

Proportion of pregnant women with cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and blood glucose levels above the upper limit of the normal range used for clinical decision were 26.5%, 43%, 44.5% and 21%, respectively. Pregnant women’s income > = 10,000 ETB (AOR = 3.35; 95%CI: 1.46–7.66), age (AOR = 3.16; 95%CI: 1.03–9.68), gestational age 29–37 weeks (AOR = 8.02; 95%CI: 2.69–23.90) and having systolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg (AOR = 3.99; 95%CI: 1.64–9.75) demonstrated statistically significant association with raised levels of lipids.

Conclusion and recommendation

Proportion of pregnant women with out of normal range values of lipids, particularly triglycerides and low density lipoprotein, is high. Gestational age is a strong predictor of increase in blood levels for both lipids. Provision of life style related health education and dietary intake to pregnant mothers matters. Moreover, monitoring lipid profile and glucose level during antenatal care period is essential.
Perceived unmet needs of an age-friendly environment: A qualitative exploration of older adults’ perspectives in a Malaysian city
Authors: Lim Xin-Jie , Chew Chii-Chii , Chang Chee-Tao , Supramaniam Premaa , Ding Lay-Ming , Devesahayam Philip Rajan , Low Lee-Lan
Published: June 2023

This exploratory qualitative study investigates older adults’ unmet needs in the age-friendly city of Ipoh, Malaysia. Seventeen participants were interviewed, including ten older adults residing in Ipoh City for at least six months, four carers, and three professional key informants. Interviews were conducted using semi-structured questions based on the WHO Age-Friendly Cities Framework. A 5P framework for active ageing based on the ecological ageing model was adapted for data analysis. The 5P framework consists of domains of person (micro), process (meso), place (macro), policymaking (macro), and prime, which allows for the dissection of older adults’ unmet needs in planning for multilevel approaches, which were employed for analysis. Person: the personal needs requiring improvement included digital divide disparity, inadequate family support, and restricted sports activities attributed to physical limitations. Process: There were fewer social activities and a lack of low-cost and easily accessible venues for seniors. Economic challenges include expensive private healthcare services, variation in the quality of care in older residential care facilities, and limited savings for retirement. Place issues include unequal distribution of exercise equipment, public open spaces, the need for more conducive parking for seniors, and a place for social activities. Difficulties assessing public transportation, digitalized services, and unaffordable e-hailing services are common among seniors. Housing issues for seniors include a lack of barrier-free housing design and unaffordable housing. Policymaking: Insufficient private sector commitment to improving services to older adults, lack of policy governance on the quality of nursing homes, and insufficient multidisciplinary governance collaboration. Prime: Health promotion for preventing age-related illness is required to preserve health in old age, and full-time family caregivers’ psychological well-being is often overlooked.