bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RAPID LOAD TESTING OF STONE COLUMNS TO AID DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS ON IMPROVED GROUND
Authors: Touma John Fahd , Sadek Salah , Najjar Shadi
Published: January 2020

Building Codes and best practice require load testing of embedded structural foundation elements to validate design and construction execution quality. This requirement is particularly challenging when associated with ground improvement schemes relying on granular reinforcing/stone columns. Stone columns present an economic solution for improving the bearing capacity of shallow foundations on soft soils. A novel impulse load test was developed and used to quantify the load-displacement response of shallow foundations supported on stone columns at a clay site. The device is referred to as the Rapid Plate Load Tester (RPLT) and is a modified version of the Axial Compressive Force Pulse test for deep foundations. In this paper, the comprehensive site investigation, stone columns construction, load testing procedure, and data analysis are described. Static and dynamic field tests were performed to target loads of 2000 kN and equivalent bearing pressures of 500kPa. The results obtained from the RPLT tests were used to derive equivalent static load settlement curves for footings on both the natural clay ground and improved ground and compared with the results obtained from the full-scale static load tests.
THE ELEMENTS OF NATURAL CONCEPT IN SUSTAINABLE BUILDING SKINS
Authors: Salah Taher , Mohamed Omnia , Azmy Akram
Published: January 2020

Introducing new ideas and solutions that serve environmental functions in sustainable building designs have become an enormous challenge recently, particularly with the current practices of architects and designers in this field. To achieve comfort zone in commercial and residential spaces, the three major aspects that have to be considered are thermal, ventilation and daylight. The proposed project is located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, and the main purpose of choosing this location is the hot weather in the U.A.E. Therefore, applying the bio-mimicry design on building skins will react as a solution to improve the indoor thermal comfort in reducing solar heat gain and achieving uniformity in daylight as well as focusing on ventilation in certain seasons, to motivate and enhance the natural ventilation pattern and to reduce the energy consumption as well. This study will mainly focus on developing a building skin that considers locally sourced material such as clay and protect birds' habitat by creating a place for breeding and feeding the birds as well as to integrate plant pots into the skin to reduce pollution. Secondly, combining it with a natural concept strategy that matches the various systems used, to enhance the indoor environment and the indoor comfort needs. The Simulation software, ECOTECT/IES, was used to measure the daylight and thermal performance levels before and after applying the skin concept. The expected findings of this paper may also help in solving part of the existing building envelopes and evaluate their negative impacts in the hot climate region.
THE HAWAII SUPERFERRY BUSINESS VENTURE NAVIGATES TO FAILURE
Authors: Tramontano Rocco , Singh Amarjit
Published: January 2020

At first glance, the private business venture of the Hawaii Superferry appeared to be an economic opportunity for Superferry executives, the State of Hawaii, as well as tourists and residents looking for a cheaper alternative for inter-island travel. However, upon its introduction to the Hawaii Islands, it faced stiff opposition from several public interest groups. Plagued with legal troubles and roadblocks throughout the Superferry's short lifetime, the inter-island ferry business was no longer able to stay afloat financially. The poor implementation of conflict resolution and negotiation of the parties involved appeared to be the perfect storm for what was supposed to be smooth sailing. The eagerness with which the State waived environmental permits appeared to be done with the sole aim of benefiting the Superferry corporation, upon which the Court did not look with favor. This article explores the arguments made by the defense and opposition, and presents the findings of the court.
YIELD STRESS BASED ON NATURAL STRAIN THEORY UNDER CYCLIC SHEAR LOAD AFTER LARGE SIMPLE SHEAR
Authors: Kato Yasuyuki
Published: January 2020

This paper describes the variation of yield stress under cyclic loads after applying large pre-deformation. In this research, the Natural Strain is used as a strain representation for describing an elastoplastic behavior under large deformation. Using test pieces which is already given a pre-deformation of large simple shear, the yield stress under cyclic shear loads in the forward direction and the reverse direction is examined. As for the method for estimating yield stress in each cycle, the slope of a tangent in the principal deviatoric stress and the principal deviatoric strain curve is adopted. The experiments are conducted with the different sizes of pre-deformation and strain amplitude in order to reveal the effect of pre-deformation on the yield phenomenon. Then, these experimental results are compared with the results of yield stress in the previous study, which is obtained under cyclic load for tension and compression after applying the large uniaxial tension.
ALTERNATIVE MEDIATION OPERABILITY MECHANISMS UNDER STANDARD CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT CONDITIONS
Authors: Barakat Mohammad , Abdul-Malak Mohamed-Asem , Khoury Hiam
Published: January 2020

The use of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) techniques has been on the rise, particularly as part of the contemporary, staged-type mechanisms forming part of the pertinent conditions of the construction contract. Among the several ADR methods in use, mediation is the method widely found to be explicitly or implicitly incorporated in any such mechanisms, with its use being often stipulated as condition precedent to ultimately resorting to arbitration. This paper investigates the varying statuses of mediation as prescribed under three American-based standard contract conditions, in comparison with its implied status under international such conditions. The within and in-between comparative analyses revealed distinct differences and some resemblances in respect of several concerned attributes including: (1) the staging (sequence step) of the mediation process within the involved claim/dispute resolution timelines, (2) the condition(s) for triggering such a process, (3) the provisions governing its length, and (4) the manner with which it may be ended. The paper concludes with inferences as to the characteristics that may be hypothetically viewed as more conducive to the effective employment of such an ADR technique in resolving disputes.
ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING IN REHABILITATION AT SOCIAL HOUSING QUARTERS
Authors: Abrantes Vitor , Abrantes Nuno , Alves Fernando Brandão
Published: January 2020

The rehabilitation of social housing quarters is done with the purpose to answer three central questions: (1) to solve the existing anomalies that are often caused by rain water infiltrations through the vertical's building envelope and also through roof, condensation caused by the lack of insulation and poor existent ventilation and existing cracks in building's facades; (2) to improve thermal comfort and increase energy efficiency of the buildings; (3) to increase the satisfaction and self-esteem of the residents promoting a modern and also high quality architectural intervention at social housing quarters. This study will describe the executed solutions for the rehabilitation of this three social housing quarters, three of the biggest social quarters of the Oporto region, each one with a different intervention in the building envelope.
VITAMIN STATUS IN ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT SPORTS BEFORE COMPETITIONS
Authors: Potolitsyna N , Nutrikhin A , Bojko E
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin status of athletes involved in various sports before important competitions. Materials and Methods. Athletes (n = 176) from six sports (сross-country skiing, biathlon, cycling, track-and-field, taekwondo, basketball) living in the territory of the Komi Republic were examined. Blood sampling was performed from the cubital vein 5–7 days before important competitions. Results. The results of this study showed widespread inadequate levels of some of the vitamins in athletes. The greatest number of people with hypovitaminosis (especially vitamins B1 and E) was among cross-country skiers, biathletes and taekwondo athletes. In general, the situation was similar for men and women. Comparative ana­lysis of the vitamin status in athletes and people from this area (not athletes) showed that women-athletes had a generally higher incidence of deficiency than nonathletic women, and men-athletes had a similar vitamin status to nonathletic men. Conclusion. The results of this study showed that highly skilled athletes, regardless of the sport, were characterized by a high risk of vitamin deficiency. It is necessary to pay attention to the vitamin status of athletes, so as not to put at risk their health and physical performance.
MORPHOLOGICAL MARKERS OF THE POST EXERCISE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS
Authors: Nikolenko V , Oganesyan M , Vovkogon A , Sankova M , Rizaeva N
Published: January 2020

Aim. The article deals with establishing the character of the correlations between the somatometrical features and morphological signs of connective tissue dysplasia in persons with frequent post exercise structural and functional disorders of the locomotor apparatus. This is required for creating treatment and disease preventive measures and recommendations to choose an adequate physical activity. Materials and methods. A comprehensive medical and anthropological examination of 48 people aged from 18 to 47 years (mean age 36.38 ± 6.02 years) with frequent post exercise structural and functional disorders of the locomotor apparatus was carried out. A questionnaire was developed to assess the status of their connective tissue. The control group consisted of 36 apparently healthy people aged 18.85 ± 0.56 years. Statistical processing of the data obtained was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. All patients with frequent post exercise structural and functional disorders of the locomotor apparatus had connective tissue dysplasia of moderate and severe degree, the total score of which was 49.44 ± 13.1. The analysis of the frequency of connective tissue dysplasia morphological signs occurrence depending on their diagnostic significance, made it possible to establish the pathognomonic predictors of high susceptibility to frequent disorders of the locomotor apparatus. Conclusion. Early diagnostics of frequent disorders of the locomotor apparatus will contribute to timely preventive measures in terms of physical load and a corresponding rehabilitation for eliminating the deve­lopment of the main disorder.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PHYSICAL AND SPORTS SPECIALIZATIONS ON PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS OF STUDENTS
Authors: Klimov Vladimir Mikhaylovich , Аizman Roman Idelevich
Published: January 2020

Aim. The ability to choose a sport or physical activity is an important condition for increasing interest and forming a sustainable incentive for physical education. At the same time, the effect of different physical activities on the psychophysiological status of students is not well understood. The purpose of the article was to establish the psychophysiological status of girls when studying at the university and engaged in various sports in physical education (basketball, swimming, aerobics, traditional classes in general physical training). Materials and methods. The neurodynamic, cognitive and psychodynamic features of 1st to 4th year female students (n = 153) of the Novosibirsk State Technical University were studied. Various types of memory (mechanical, semantic, image), the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction, concentration of attention, mental performance, and balance of nervous processes were evaluated using modern generally accepted methods. The psycho-emotional status of females was determined with the help of such indicators as anxiety, frustration, inflexibility hostility, aggressiveness. Results. By the end of the 4th year, the integral level of psychophysiological status (ILPS) significantly improved only in female basketball players. In other students, an average ILPS did not change throughout the entire training. According to the results of the correlation analysis, a positive relationship was found between basketball and the level of the psychophysiological status. Aerobics classes resulted in a decrease in psycho-emotional status (increased anxiety and frustration) against the background of a stable psychophysiological potential. Conclusion. Basketball has the most favorable effect on the psychophysiological status of students in the framework of the physical education program.
Perbandingan Taman Jepang Dan Taman Jawa
Authors: Mulyadi Budi
Published: January 2020

(Title: Comparison Of Japanese Garden And Java Garden). The purpose of this paper is to find out the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden This research is research model that use literary review research model to collect the data. The paper shows that there are the similarities and differences between Japanese garden and Java garden. Seen from the concept Japanese Gardens do not recognize straight or symmetrical lines. Japanese gardens are deliberately designed asymmetric so that none of the elements become dominant  while the Java garden concept is more concerned with beauty by planting many types of flowers that contain elements of philosophy seen from its elements, Japanese garden has 7 elements, namely water, stone, plants, water containers, bridges, sand and lanterns while the Java park has water elements, plants, buildings and organisms
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI SEKITAR KAWASAN BUKIT SEMARANG BARU
Authors: Oktinova Nadia , Rudiarto Iwan
Published: January 2020

Jumlah penduduk di pusat kota yang cukup besar mengakibatkan semakin berkurangnya lahan di wilayah tersebut sehingga lambat laun akan terjadi perkembangan perkotaan ke arah pinggiran (urbanisasi), seperti yang terjadi di Kota Semarang yaitu pengembangan kota baru Bukit Semarang Baru (BSB) di Kecamatan Mijen. Dengan adanya BSB ini terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan yang kemudian juga mengakibatkan adanya perkembangan perkotaan di sekitarnya. Dengan adanya hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dan perkembangan perkotaan yang terjadi di sekitar kawasan BSB. Pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan spasial yang pengolahan data serta analisisnya secara spasial menggunakan software ArcGIS 10.3.1. Data penggunaan lahan diperoleh dengan interpretasi citra DigitalGlobe tahun 2013 dan tahun 2017 yang kemudian dilakukan teknik overlay untuk mengetahui perubahan penggunaan lahannya. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu telah terjadi perubahan penggunaan lahan dari lahan pertanian menjadi danau/waduk (36,45 ha), industri (14,98 ha), lahan kosong (22,41 ha), perdagangan dan jasa (2,78 ha) dan permukiman (84,84 ha) serta perubahan penggunaan lahan permukiman menjadi perdagangan dan jasa (2,59 ha).  Di sekitar kawasan BSB juga telah terjadi perkembangan perkotaan yang terlihat dari peningkatan penggunaan lahan terbangun sebesar 102,59 ha dengan pola konsentris dan horisontal dimana lahan terbangunnya ini menyebar pada seluruh wilayahnya.
HUKUK VE MUHASEBE AÇISINDAN TEMİNAT MEKTUPLARI
Authors: ALIŞKAN Murat , ÇAKICI Cemal
Published: January 2020

Türk hukuk uygulamasına, ilk önce devlet ve kamu kuruluşları tarafından yapılan arttırma, eksiltme ve ihaleler nedeniyle giren teminat mektupları, bugün en yaygın ve en önemli bankacılık işlemlerinden biridir. Türk Hukuk Sisteminde teminat mektubuna ilişkin özel bir düzenleme yoktur. Bu durum hem teoride ve hem de uygulamada bir çok hukuki sorunlara sebep olmaktadır. Bu makalenin birinci amacı, bu sorunları tespit etmek, çeşitli görüşleri değerlendirmek ve çözüm önerilerini ortaya koymaktır. Teminat mektuplarının muhasebeleştirilmesinde farklı uygulamalar olabilmektedir. Bu konuda tekdüzen bir yaklaşım bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle bu makalenin ikinci amacı, teminat mektuplarının nasıl muhasebeleştirilmesi gerektiğinin gösterilmesidir. Teminat mektupları taraflar bakımından herhangi bir varlık, kaynak, gider ve gelir hareketi yaratmamaktadır. Bu nedenle sadece bilgi vermek amacıyla kayıt yapılması gerekmektedir. Böylece, gerek banka muhasebesinde ve gerekse de diğer işletmelerin muhasebesinde bu konu sadece bilgi vermek amacıyla Nazım Hesaplar yoluyla izlenmektedir.
ÖLÜMSÜZ LİDERLER VE LİDERLİK ANLAYIŞINDA ASIRLARCA DEĞİŞMEYEN ORTAK PARAMETRELER
Authors: KASIMOĞLU Murat , KÜÇÜKASLAN Aslı
Published: January 2020

Liderler örgütler açısından çok önemli faktörlerdir. Başarı ve sürdürülebilir büyüme onların vizyon ve liderlik stillerinden gelir. Liderlik, talep edici küresel dünyada daha önemli duruma gelmiştir. Güçlü liderlere ve liderlik sürecine sahip örgütler piyasada daha rekabetçi bir pozisyona sahip olurken, aksi durumda sonuç, örgütler ve onun paydaşları açısından felaket olmaktadır. Çalışmamızdaki temel amaç, liderlik ortak tutum ve özelliklerinin geçmişte, günümüzde ve gelecekte, neler olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışmaktır. Liderlerin yöneltme karakteri ve efsanevi liderlik uygulamaları onları ölümsüz yaparak, toplumların gözünde kahraman yapmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızda ölümsüz liderlik kavramı ve liderlik modelleri ele alınmış ve liderler ve liderlik üzerinde farklı bakış açıları değerlendirilmiştir.
KADIN VE ERKEKLER AÇISINDAN ÖRGÜTSEL GÜÇ ARALIĞI
Authors: İSLAMOĞLU Güler , BORÜ Deniz
Published: January 2020

Kültürel bir değişken olan güç aralığı, otorite pozisyonundaki kişilerin sahip olması gereken güç konusundaki inancı göstermektedir [1J. Bireysel bir değişken olarak güç aralığı, kişilerin otorite ile olan ilişkilerini şekillendirmektedir. Geniş güç aralığında otoriteye itaat beklenirken, dar güç aralığında bireyler arasındaki eşitsizliğin giderilmesi istenir. Hofstede'ye göre, güç aralığının yüksek olduğu ülkelerde çalışanlar üstlerine karşı itaatkardırlar ve otoriter ve baba rolü oynayan liderleri tercih ettikleri gibi karar alınırken söz sahibi olmak istemezler [1], Buna karşın dar güç aralığına sahip çalışanlar ise yöneticilerinin bir karar verirken kendilerine danışmalarını isterler [2] ve önemli konularda görüşlerini iletmek amacıyla kendileri yöneticilerine yakınlaşma fırsatı yaratırlar. Örgütsel güç aralığı her zaman çalışanların tercih ettikleri düzeyde değildir. Zira, güç aralığı, hem örgütte var olduğu şekli ve kişilerin tercihleri açısından, hem de cinsiyet açısından farklı anlam taşımaktadır. Ancak örgütteki güç aralığı ne kadar çalışanların güç aralığı tercihlerine yakınsa, birey örgüt bütünleşmesi o derece yüksek olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, örgütsel güç aralığı tanımlaması yapılarak kadın ve erkekler açısından farklılıklar ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar güç aralığının örgütsel ve birey düzeyinde farklı algılandığını, cinsiyet açısından anlamlı farklılıkların olduğunu göstermiştir.
ORGANİZASYONLARDA YARATICILIK YE YENİLİK SÜRECİNİ OLUMSUZ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KÜÇÜKASLAN Aslı
Published: January 2020

Günümüz iş dünyasında farklı yönleriyle ortaya çıkan yaratıcılık, temel olarak organizasyonlar arası rekabeti yöneten en önemli faktör olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Organizasyonlarda yaratıcılığı artırmanın birçok nedeni vardır. Liderler tarafından kontrol edilen içsel ve dışsal faktörler etkin yaratıcı organizasyonel form tasarımında önemli öğelerdir. Ancak birçok faktör liderler ve çalışanların önünde yetenekleri kullanma konusunda engel teşkil etmektedir. Başarı ve sürdürülebilir büyüme yaratıcı organizasyon formuna bağlıdır. Bir organizasyon yaratıcı iş süreçlerine ve yaratıcılığı destekleyen bir yönetim anlayışına sahip ise piyasada daha rekabetçi pozisyona sahip olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, işletmeleri daha fazla yaratıcı yapan ve yaratıcılık sürecini körelten faktörlerin neler olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışmaktayız. Spesifik olarak yaratıcı organizasyonel form yaratılmasında liderliğin etkisi tartışılmaktadır
KENTİÇİ OTOBÜS TAŞIMACILIĞINDA YENİ BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ VE SİMÜLASYON TEKNİĞİ İLE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Erdal
Published: January 2020

Ulaşım problemi, bir kent için temel sorun alanlarından birisidir ve problemin temel unsurlarından birisi de toplu taşıma sistemidir. Toplu taşıma sisteminde ise kilit rol karayolu ve otobüs taşımacılığındadır. Bu yaklaşımla çalışmamızın konusu olarak “Kenti çi Otobüs Taşımacılığında Hat Planlaması” konusu ele alınmış, çalışma kapsamı içerisinde mevcut durum incelenerek hat planlaması problemi çerçevesinde yeni model önerileri getirilmiştir. Önerilen modeller ile mevcut durum arasındaki kıyaslama belirlenen performans ölçütleri kapsamında benzetim tekniği yardımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma İstanbul ili özelinde hat planlama problemine odaklanmaktadır. Uygulama alanı olarak Kadıköy-Sahrayı Cedit hattı seçilmiştir. Uygulama alanına yönelik olarak öncelikle mevcut durum incelenmiş sonrasında ise çözüm olarak iki alternatif senaryo önerilmiştir.
TÜKETİCİLERİN KORUNMASI VE TARIMDA VERİMLİLİK AÇISINDAN GENETİK OLARAK DEĞİŞTİRİLMİŞ ORGANİZMALAR (GDO) SORUNU
Authors: NARDALI Sinan , KARTAL Burak
Published: January 2020

Genetik Olarak Değiştirilmiş Organizmalar (GDO) konusu ülkemiz açısından yeni gibi gözükse de, bazı ülkelerde son on yıldır tartışılmakta ve yasal olarak düzenlenmektedir. Bu alanda faaliyet gösteren işletmeler hem tarımda verim ve kalite artışı sağlamayı hem de sağlık ve çevre konularında katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Diğer yandan GDO’lu ürünler bünyelerindeki farklı genler nedeniyle sağlık ve özellikle çevre konularında riskler taşımakla eleştirilmektedir. Daha kesin olan bir başka sorun ise ülkemizdeki insanların habersiz biçimde yıllardan beri bu ürünleri tüketmesidir. Bilimsel kanıtların yetersizliğiyle büyüyen bütün bu tartışmalar çerçevesinde devletler, kamuoyu ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının da baskısı sonucu konuyla ilgili bazı önlemler almaktadır. Bu çalışma ile GDO’nun anlamı, fayda ve sakıncaları, tüketicilerin korunması ile ilişkisi ve konu hakkındaki yasal düzenlemeler ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra GDO konusu Türk tarım sektöründeki verimsizlik sorunuyla ilişkileııdirilmiş ve mevcut uygulamalar değerlendirilip, öneriler getirilmiştir.
KÜRESELLEŞME VE ULUSÖTESİ ŞİRKETLERİN (TNCs) YENİ AÇILIMLARI
Authors: ŞİŞMAN Mehmet
Published: January 2020

Ulusötesi şirketlerin (TNCs) geçirdiği evrim ve küreselleşme sürecindeki farklılaşan faaliyetleri bu çalışmanın temel konusunu oluşturmaktadır.Klasik iş bölümü, yeni iş bölümü ve küreselleşme olarak üç temel devrede özetlenebilecek olan TNCs evrimi küresel aşamada yeni açılımlar sergilemiştir.Klasik iş bölümü evresi emperyalizm uygulamalarının gözlendiği hammadde kaynaklarının gelişmekte olan ülkelerden devşirildiği dönemdir. Yeni iş bölümü ve ardından küreselleşme aşamasında ise temel olarak ucuz iş gücü, teknik olanaklar ve ulaşım ve iletişim teknolojileri belirleyici olmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, TNCs şirket ele geçirmeler ve birleşmeleri (evlilikler) uluslararası merkezileşme göstergesi olurken, bilgisayar, biyoteknoloji ve iletişim teknolojileri alanlarındaki yatırımların yığılması ise uluslararası yoğunlaşma düzeylerini göstermesi açısından küreselleşme sürecindeki dikkat çekici unsurlardır.
HATA TÜRÜ VE ETKİLERİ ANALİZİ (FMEA) VE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AKIN H. Besim
Published: January 2020

İstatistik proses kontrol yöntemlerinden olan HTEA(FMEA) çeşitli sektörlerde kullanılmaktadır. HTEA(FMEA)uygulaması, kendi konularında uzman, işletmenin farklı bölümlerinde ya da farklı projelerde görev alan çalışanlarının belirli kurallar dahilinde bir araya gelmeleri ve ekip çalışması bilinciyle yürütülür. Böylece tasarım, proses, bakım ve ya diğer üretim noktalarında ortaya çıkma olasılığı olan hataları önceden belirlemek, verimlilik artışı, yüksek kalite, yüksek müşteri memnuniyeti ve böylece maliyet masraflarında minimizasyon sağlayarak işletmelerin karlılığını arttırmak mümkün olabilmektedir. Yöntem, öncelikleri standartlaştırılmış tablolardan yaralanarak oluşturulan risk öncelik göstergesi(ROG) belirler. RÖG değerleri en aza indirilene kadar çalışmaya devam edilir. RÖG katsayısının üç kriteri vardır. 1.Olasılık (hatanın frekansıdır),2. Şiddet(Hatanın ciddiyeti ve etkileridir),3. Fark edilebilirlik (Müşteriye ulaşmadan önce hatanın belirlenmesi işlemidir. Bu kriterlerin değeri l’den 10’a kadar olmak üzere sayısal olarak belirlenir. FMEA, bir ürünün dizayn aşamasında, diğeri ise proses aşamasında olmak üzere iki şekilde yapılır. FMEA, dizaynın her
aşamasında,gelişiminde,üretim operasyonunda veya ürünün kullanımında uygulanabilir
Massa de sementes e variação diurna das trocas gasosas em Luetzelburgia auriculata (Alemão) Ducke
Authors: Lopes Maria de Fátima de Queiroz , Figueiredo Francisco Romário Andrade , Bruno Riselane de Lucena Alcântara , Silva Ronimeire Torres da , Souza Leonardo Vieira de , Lima Lucas Kennedy Silva
Published: January 2020

Luetzelburgia auriculata é uma espécie importante em programas de reflorestamento e recuperação de áreas degradadas. A massa da semente é um fator associado ao vigor, que assegura o estabelecimento de plântulas nas condições do semiárido, pois, as reservas garantem a sobrevivência das espécies. Além disso, respostas fisiológicas revelam o desempenho em diferentes ambientes, servindo como parâmetro na escolha de espécies destinadas a áreas de reflorestamento. Com isso, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a influência da massa de sementes na variação diurna das trocas gasosas em plantas jovens de Luetzelburgia auriculata. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 sendo duas classes de sementes (leves <0,35 e pesadas ≥0,35 g) e cinco horários de leitura (8:00; 10:00; 12:00; 14:00 e 16:00 h) com 10 repetições. Foram mensuradas: fotossíntese líquida, condutância estomática, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2, temperatura foliar, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência instantânea de carboxilação. Foram quantificadas as medidas da temperatura do ambiente e umidade relativa do ar. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, nos casos de significância foram realizadas análise de regressão polinomial. A fotossíntese líquida, transpiração e condutância estomática decresceram principalmente a partir das 10 h, apresentando estreita correlação com características do ambiente. O pico fotossintético de L. auriculata ocorre entre 10 e 12h, sendo esse o intervalo ideal para fazer análises das trocas gasosas da espécie. No entanto, a massa de sementes não influencia nas trocas gasosas.
Clinicians’ and laboratory medicine specialists’ views on laboratory demand management: a survey in nine European countries
Authors: Ibarz Mercedes , Cadamuro Janne , Sumarac Zorica , Guimaraes Joao Tiago , Kovalevskaya Svetlana , Nybo Mads , Cornes Michael P. , Vermeersch Pieter , Simundic Ana-Maria , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: January 2020

Background

Laboratory tests are an essential aspect of current medical practice and their use has grown exponentially. Several studies however have demonstrated inappropriate use of laboratory testing. This inappropriateness can lead to delayed or wrong diagnosis, negatively impacting patient safety and an increase in health care expenditure. The aim of the present small-scale survey was to obtain information on the current status of demand management in European laboratories, as well as the opinions of laboratory and clinical professionals in this regard.

Methods

Two surveys were developed, one for laboratory specialists and one for clinicians, covering information on current use, knowledge and opinions on the possible impact of different demand management strategies on patient outcome and health care costs. Additionally, we asked for the current state and willingness on collaboration of laboratory specialists and clinicians.

Results

One hundred and fifty responses, 72 laboratory specialists and 78 clinicians, from nine countries were received. Developing local ordering protocols/profiles in collaboration with clinicians was the most used strategy (80.3% of laboratories). Of clinicians, 85.6% considered measures to ensure appropriate use of tests necessary and 100% were interested in advice/information about their indication. Of the laboratory specialists 97.2% were either already participating or willing to participate in multidisciplinary groups on the appropriateness of test demand as were 60.3% of clinicians, and 85.9% of clinicians were interested in attending activities about laboratory test demand management.

Conclusions

The results of our survey show that tools to improve the appropriate use of laboratory tests are already regularly used today. Laboratory medicine specialists as well as clinicians are willing to undertake additional shared activities aimed at improving patient-centered laboratory diagnostic workup.
Beech wood treated with polyglycerol succinate: a new effective method for its protection and stabilization
Authors: L’Hostis Clément , Fredon Emmanuel , Thévenon Marie-France , Santiago-Medina Francisco-José , Gérardin Philippe
Published: January 2020

This paper deals with an original and non-biocidal chemical treatment consisting of a vacuum/pressure impregnation step of beech wood with a water-borne mixture made from heat-activated condensation of succinic anhydride (SA) and glycerol (G). Chemical structures of adducts were established using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF) investigations. Beech wood was impregnated and cured in order to induce in situ polymerization of glycerol/succinic adducts (GSA) in the cell walls, leading to the formation of polyglycerol succinate (PGS) polyester. Various treatment conditions were investigated depending on the duration (6–72 h) and curing temperature (103–160°C). Weight percent gains (WPGs) ranging between 40 and 60% were obtained. Attenuated total reflectance-middle infrared spectroscopy (ATR-MIR) and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy confirmed polyester formation. A curing temperature of 160°C was found to be the best condition to totally avoid polymer leaching, and brought the anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) up to 64%. Decay resistance of PGS-treated wood against Trametes versicolor and Coniophora puteana was also strongly temperature and time dependent: performances fit with the EN113 standard requirements if a curing temperature of 160°C was applied.
Exploring vowel formant estimation through simulation-based techniques
Authors: Kendall Tyler , Vaughn Charlotte
Published: January 2020

This paper contributes insight into the sources of variability in vowel formant estimation, a major analytic activity in sociophonetics, by reviewing the outcomes of two simulations that manipulated the settings used for linear predictive coding (LPC)-based vowel formant estimation. Simulation 1 explores the range of frequency differences obtained when minor adjustments are made to LPC settings, and measurement timepoints around the settings used by trained analysts, in order to determine the range of variability that should be expected in sociophonetic vowel studies. Simulation 2 examines the variability that emerges when LPC settings are varied combinatorially around constant default settings, rather than settings set by trained analysts. The impacts of different LPC settings are discussed as a way of demonstrating the inherent properties of LPC-based formant estimation. This work suggests that differences more fine-grained than about 10 Hz in F1 and 15–20 Hz in F2 are within the range of LPC-based formant estimation variability.
Template-free synthesis of Se-nanorods-rGO nanocomposite for application in supercapacitors
Authors: Ghouri Zafar Khan , Motlak Moaaed , Afaq Shagufta , Barakat Nasser A. M. , Abdala Ahmed
Published: January 2020

Both selenium and reduced graphene oxide have low specific capacitance due to their chemical nature. Nevertheless, their specific capacitance could be enhanced by hybridizing Se nanomaterials with reduced graphene oxide via formation of electrochemical double layer at their interfacial area. Therefore, novel Se-nanorods/rGO nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by template free hot reflux route starting with graphene oxide and selenium dichloride. The composite of rGO decorated by Se-nanorods is characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption– desorption. The unique architecture of the composite exhibits high specific capacitance of 390 F/ g at 5 mV/s scan rate in 1.0 M KOH solution with ~ 90% cyclic stability after 5000 cycles making it very promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.
Cotton fibres functionalized with plasmonic nanoparticles to promote the destruction of harmful molecules: an overview
Authors: Boufi Sami , Bouattour Soraa , Ferraria Ana Maria , Ferreira Luís Filipe Vieira , Rego Ana Maria Botelho do , Chehimi Mohamed M. , Vilar Manuel Rei
Published: January 2020

Self-decontaminating cotton fabrics were designed, produced and characterized aiming at the decomposition of harmful molecules namely chemical warfare agents (CWAs) by photocatalysis under day light or indoor illumination. This was achieved through the creation of a hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructured textile composed of a thin layer of TiO2nanoparticles (NPs) generatedin situand chemically immobilised on the cellulose chains of cotton fibres. TiO2NPs were converted into anatase by a hydrothermal procedure at low temperature around 100°C. The fabrics covered with TiO2nanoparticles were examined in terms of their chemical composition, morphology, crystallinity, ageing, robustness and photocatalytic properties. In the whole preparation of the photocatalytic fabrics, only environment-friendly solvents (water or alcohol) were used. One of the important achievements in this work was providing fabrics with suitable photocatalytic activity under visible light. This was reached through plasmonic photocatalysis by generating noble metal nanoparticles (Au, Ag) and/ or their halides (AgBr, AgCl) neighbouring or topping the TiO2NPs in the fabrics. The kinetics of degradation of the different systems were analysed and proved that the resulting fabrics could efficiently decompose, under visible light, organic dyes and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a CWA simulant.

Graphical abstract
Prediction of the maximum flow length of a thin injection molded part
Authors: Liparoti Sara , Speranza Vito , De Meo Annarita , De Santis Felice , Pantani Roberto
Published: January 2020

One of the most significant issues, when thin parts have to be obtained by injection molding (i.e. in micro-injection molding), is the determination of the conditions of pressure, mold temperature, and injection temperature to adopt to completely fill the cavity. Obviously, modern computational methods allow the simulation of the injection molding process for any material and any cavity geometry. However, this simulation requires a complete characterization of the material for what concerns the rheological and thermal parameters, and also a suitable criterion for solidification. These parameters are not always easily reachable. A simple test aimed at obtaining the required parameters is then highly advantageous. The so-called spiral flow test, consisting of measuring the length reached by a polymer in a long cavity under different molding conditions, is a method of this kind. In this work, with reference to an isotactic polypropylene, some spiral flow tests obtained with different mold temperatures and injection pressures are analyzed with a twofold goal: on one side, to obtain from a few simple tests the basic rheological parameters of the material; on the other side, to suggest a method for a quick prediction of the final flow length.
Memoria y ficción: una aproximación al ensayismo de Andreas Kurz a partir de la obra de Robert Musil
Authors: Islas Flores César Mario
Published: January 2020

En este artículo, se intenta ilustrar el vínculo existente entre Viena: otra ficción de Andreas Kurz, y el concepto de ensayismo formulado por el también escritor austriaco Robert Musil en textos ensayísticos y también en su novela El hombre sin atributos. Para Kurz como para Musil, la escritura ensayística conjuga a partes iguales y con idéntico rigor la dimensión autobiográfica y el análisis histórico, la literatura y la historiografía, de ahí que se torne colmado de sentido el intento de establecer una analogía entre ambas escrituras que se inscriben, además, en la añeja y luminosa tradición intelectual austriaca. El fin último de esta aproximación investigativa sería abonar a una reflexión de largo aliento que tiene lugar acerca del papel que la memoria juega en la redefinición de los límites intelectuales y éticos de la escritura ensayística.
Dinero y plus-valor. Circulación y producción de capitales
Authors: Oliva Carlos
Published: January 2020

El trabajo muestra la relevancia de una importante corriente de marxistas que han comenzado a pensar de forma determinante a los modos de circulación y distribución, frente a un marxismo que siempre privilegió la comprensión del sistema capitalista desde los modos de producción. En este sentido, se muestra la operación circulatoria del capital y el capitalismo en la configuración de una particular espacialidad social, su permanente ensayo de la violencia y su despliegue ficcional como realidad de segundo grado.
Bolívar Echeverría: el discurso crítico y la política de la forma natural.
Authors: Torres Gaxiola Andrea
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se presentan las implicaciones políticas y críticas que suponen el volver al estudio del valor de uso en la obra de Bolívar Echeverría. El marxismo clásico se ha centrado a lo largo del tiempo en el análisis de distintos elementos propios de la teoría de Marx, como discusiones respecto a los modos de producción, estructura-superestructura, la teoría del valor, la teoría de la crisis, entre otros, sin embargo, con respecto al valor de uso, apenas ha destacado su relevancia o tan sólo ha delineado algunas ideas al respecto. En cambio, en El discurso crítico de Marx Echeverría propone volver al estudio del valor de uso con el fin de replantear la discusión de lo político dentro del marxismo. Con base en ello, en este artículo se intenta mostrar la hipótesis teórica de Bolívar Echeverría en la que propone reinterpretar la obra de Marx a partir del eje forma natural-valor de uso como mecanismo para replantear el discurso crítico hacia una mayor comprensión de aquello que corresponde a la esfera de lo político. Para Echeverría el ámbito en el que la esencia de lo político y la autarquía de lo humano se encuentra es la de la reproducción social de la vida, la de la construcción concreta de la forma natural.
Introducción a la teoría de los modos de intercambio
Authors: Karatani Kojin
Published: January 2020

En La estructura de la historia mundial (edición japonesa 2010; edición inglesa 2014), señalé la necesidad de transponer la noción central de “modos de producción” por la de “modos de intercambio”. En este trabajo quiero explicar esto. Através de una metáfora arquitectónica, la ortodoxia marxista ha explicado la historia de las formaciones sociales en términos de los modos de producción, que existen como base económica (fundamento) y por los cuales se determina la superestructura política-ideal. Un modo de producción se constituye por las fuerza productivas, que están constituidas por las relaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza, y las relaciones de producción, que provienen de las relaciones entre los seres humanos. Yo no me opongo a la idea de que la historia de las formas sociales está determinada por la base económica, pero, desde mi punto de vista, esta base no está en los modos de producción, sino en los modos de intercambio. Lo que yo llamo modos de intercambio incluye a ambas relaciones, entre la naturaleza y los seres humanos, y entre entre los propios seres humanos.
Tras las huellas de nuestros antepasados: introducción a la Estructura de la historia mundial de Kōjin Karatani
Authors: Makioka Yutaka
Published: January 2020

Este artículo presenta el pensamiento del filósofo japonés Kōjin Karatani, se enfoca principalmente en su reciente trabajo La estructura de la historia mundial (2010). En esta obra, Karatani propone el concepto de "modos de intercambio" para sustituir el tradicional concepto de modos de producción. Los modos de intercambio son conceptualizados como: el modo A (don y contradón), el modo B (sumisión y protección) y el modo C (dinero y mercancía). En tanto que son los modos de intercambio predominantes de las etapas históricas, representan, respectivamente, las tres formaciones sociales (sistemas-mundo). A estos tres modos, Karatani agrega el cuarto, el modo D, que debe ser el principio constitutivo del comunismo futuro y de la siguiente etapa de la historia de la humanidad. A mi juicio, sin embargo, la característica del modo D sólo se esboza formalmente en dicha obra y no se da explicación suficiente sobre su detalle, así como la necesidad de la transición a esta nueva etapa de la historia. Para complementar este vacío teórico, es preciso dirigirse a algunos libros y artículos más recientes de Karatani, anunciados después de la publicación de la "Estructura". De esta manera, se pone de manifiesto la naturaleza del modo D como un retorno del nomadismo originario que precede al inicio del intercambio, y como un poder que invalida la facultad de los demás modos de intercambio.
Family Strain Predicts Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged Adults: Hope Mediates and Self-Compassion Moderates the Relation
Authors: Mistretta Erin G. , Davis Mary C. , Yeung Ellen
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Interpersonal strain is linked with depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. This study examined 1) the extent to which hope mediates the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms, and 2) whether these indirect effects are conditional on self-compassion.

Methods: Self-reported family strain, self-compassion, hope, and depressive symptoms were assessed in a community sample of 762 middle-aged adults aged 40-65. Follow-up measures of depressive symptoms were assessed approximately 20 months later.

Results: Hope mediated the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms. For individuals high versus low in self-compassion, strain-related declines in hope predicted smaller increases in depressive symptoms.

Discussion: Taken together, the findings suggest that family strain may lead individuals to experience less hope and subsequent increases in depressive symptoms. However, a self-compassionate attitude may serve as a resilience resource, weakening the hope – depressive symptoms relation.
Sexual Orientation and Gender of Intimate Relationship Partners Among Adolescents With BPD and Psychiatrically Healthy Adolescents
Authors: Zanarini Mary C. , Magni Laura R. , Temes Christina M. , Hein Katherine E. , Aguirre Blaise A. , Goodman Marianne
Published: January 2020

The first aim of this study was to describe reported sexual orientation in a group of adolescents diagnosed with borderline personality disorder compared to a group of psychiatrically healthy adolescents. The second purpose was to compare data on dating and gender of dating partners in the same two groups. Two semistructured interviews, which assessed sexual orientation, dating history, and gender of dating partners, were administered to 104 borderline adolescents and 60 psychiatrically healthy comparison subjects. Borderline adolescents were significantly more likely than comparison subjects to report having a gay/lesbian/bisexual orientation. They also were significantly more likely to date and to report dating a same-gender partner or same- and other-gender partners than comparison subjects. The results of this study suggest that same-gender attraction and/or intimate relationships may be an important interpersonal issue for approximately one-third of adolescents with BPD.
Copeptin is not useful as a marker of malignant disease in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis
Authors: Winzeler Bettina , Steinmetz Michelle , Refardt Julie , Cesana-Nigro Nicole , Popovic Milica , Fenske Wiebke , Christ-Crain Mirjam
Published: January 2020

Objective

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is a common condition in hospitalized patients. It is crucial to establish the cause of SIAD, especially in order to exclude underlying malignancy. As malignant SIAD may be due to a paraneoplastic synthesis of arginine vasopressin, we hypothesized that its stable surrogate marker copeptin can be used as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between malignant and non-malignant SIAD.

Methods

Prospective observational study. We analyzed data from 146 SIAD patients of two different cohorts from Switzerland and Germany. Patients were included while presenting at the emergency department and underwent a standardized diagnostic assessment including the measurement of copeptin levels.

Results

Thirty-nine patients (median age: 63 years, 51% female) were diagnosed with cancer-related SIAD and 107 (median age: 73 years, 68% female) with non-malignant SIAD. Serum sodium levels were higher in cancer-related versus non-malignant SIAD: median (IQR) 124 mmol/l (120; 127) versus 120 mmol/l (117; 123) (P<0.001). Median (IQR) copeptin levels of patients with cancer-related SIAD were 11.1 pmol/l (5.2; 37.1) and 10.5 pmol/l (5.2; 25.2) with non-malignant SIAD (P = 0.38). Among different cancer entities, patients suffering from small-cell lung cancer showed the highest copeptin values, but overall no significant difference in copeptin levels between cancer types was observed (P = 0.46).

Conclusions

Copeptin levels are similar in cancer-related and non-malignant SIAD. Therefore, Copeptin does not seem to be suitable as a marker of malignant disease in SIAD.
How treatments with endocrine and metabolic drugs influence pituitary cell function
Authors: Tulipano Giovanni
Published: January 2020

A variety of endocrine and metabolic signals regulate pituitary cell function acting through the hypothalamus-pituitary neuroendocrine axes or directly at the pituitary level. The underlying intracellular transduction mechanisms in pituitary cells are still debated. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions as a cellular sensor of low energy stores in all mammalian cells and promotes adaptive changes in response to calorie restriction. It is also regarded as a target for therapy of proliferative disorders. Various hormones and drugs can promote tissue-specific activation or inhibition of AMPK by enhancing or inhibiting AMPK phosphorylation, respectively. This review explores the preclinical studies published in the last decade that investigate the role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the intracellular transduction pathways downstream of endocrine and metabolic signals or drugs affecting pituitary cell function, and its role as a target for drug therapy of pituitary proliferative disorders. The effects of the hypoglycemic agent metformin, which is an indirect AMPK activator, are discussed. The multiple effects of metformin on cell metabolism and cell signalling and ultimately on cell function may be either dependent or independent of AMPK. The in vitro effects of metformin may also help highlighting differences in metabolic requirements between pituitary adenomatous cells and normal cells.