bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A robust solvothermal-driven solid-to-solid transition route from micron SnC2O4 to tartaric acid-capped nano-SnO2 anchored on graphene for superior lithium and sodium storage
Authors: Xie Furong , Zhao Shiqiang , Bo Xiaoxu , Li Guanghui , Fei Jiamin , Ahmed Ebrahim-Alkhalil M. A. , Zhang Qingcheng , Jin Huile , Wang Shun , Lin Zhiqun
Published: November 2022

A robust solvothermal-driven solid-to-solid transition strategy is developed to craft tartaric acid-capped ultrafine SnO2 encapsulated in graphene with outstanding lithium and sodium storage reversibility due to effectively inhibited Sn coarsening.
Manganese porphyrin/ICG nanoparticles as magnetic resonance/fluorescent dual-mode probes for imaging of sentinel lymph node metastasis
Authors: Fu Xiaomin , Fu Shengxiang , Cai Zhongyuan , Jin Rongrong , Xia Chunchao , Lui Su , Song Bing , Gong Qiyong , Ai Hua
Published: November 2022

F127-ICG/Mn nanoparticles as FL/MR probes were used for the diagnosis of sentinel lymph node metastasis and differentiation of micrometastasis and macrometastasis.
Se-doped Li6PS5Cl and Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5 with improved ionic conductivity and interfacial compatibility: a high-throughput DFT study
Authors: Jiang Ming , Chen Zhi-Wen , Rao Adwitiya , Chen Li-Xin , Zu Xiao-Tao , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: November 2022

Se dopants improved the Li+ ionic conductivity of Li6PS5−xSexCl and Li5.5PS4.5−xSexCl1.5 significantly, and Se-doped SSEs showed better interfacial stability with LiCoO2 than sulfides-type SSEs.
Vocabulary Outcomes With Third Graders in a Teacher and Speech-Language Pathologist Collaboration
Authors: Mitchell Mary P. , Ehren Barbara J. , Towson Jacqueline A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a vocabulary intervention delivered by teachers collaborating with speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the classroom as compared with teachers in a noncollaborating condition.

Method:

This quasi-experimental study employed a collaboration treatment condition (
n
= 2 collaborative pairs,
n
= 34 students) and a comparison condition (
n
= 2 noncollaborating teachers,
n
= 34 students). In both conditions, versions of the Vocabulary Scenario Technique were implemented. Third-grade students completed vocabulary assessments for three vocabulary tasks. Results on each of the measures were analyzed using a two-factor split-plot analysis of variance.

Results:

A significant interaction effect on the Words-in-Context (WIC) task, with a medium effect size (
f
= .28), supported the value-added impact of having the SLP collaborate directly with the teacher in implementing the approach. Gains on the Synonyms and Non-Example measures were not significantly different between the conditions, but large effects were found for all three tasks within the collaboration condition, whereas gains in the comparison condition showed large effects for the Synonyms task only and medium effects for the WIC and Non-Example tasks.

Conclusions:

SLPs' contributions within their collaborations were associated with gains that were larger than those made by students in classrooms where teachers did not collaborate with SLPs on a vocabulary task requiring application of word meanings in sentences. Clinical implications and areas for future research are discussed.
On the third relative greedy weight of 4‐dimensional codes
Authors: Wei Yao , Liu Zihui
Published: November 2022

Motivated by the concepts of the relative generalized Hamming weight and the greedy weight, the relative greedy weight is introduced, and then it is shown that the codes achieving the upper bounds on the relative greedy weight are optimal on the security of the transmitted data symbols in the wire‐tap channel. Based on such applications, the finite geometry method is generalized, and by using the generalized finite geometry method, certain upper bounds on the third relative greedy weight of 4‐dimensional codes with respect to 1‐dimensional subcodes are first determined, and then optimal codes are constructed with respect to these obtained upper bounds.
Preparation of a novel cross‐linked polyetherimide with enhanced breakdown strength and high‐temperature energy storage performance
Authors: Duan Guangyu , Hu Fengying , Zhang Ruina , Hu Zuming
Published: November 2022

Polymer dielectrics with excellent energy storage performance at high temperature are urgently needed in advanced applications, such as hybrid electric vehicles, smart grid and pulsed power sources. Polyetherimide (PEI), which is supposed to be the most promising candidate among polymer dielectric materials, displays a limitation for high‐temperature polymer dielectrics owing to the rapidly decreasing discharged energy density (Ud) and charge‐discharge efficiency (η). Herein, a novel PEI with cross‐linked networks was firstly prepared by utilising 2,4,6‐Triaminopyrimidine (TAP) as a cross‐linker. The results showed that the breakdown strength of the cross‐linked PEI (c‐PEI) with 2 wt% TAP increased to 399.4 MV/m, showing an increment of 23.3% in comparison with non‐cross‐linked PEI. Additionally, owing to the restrained polarisation loss and relaxation loss by cross‐linked networks, the dielectric loss of c‐PEI dielectric gradually decreased with the increasing content of TAP. Of particular significance was the c‐PEI dielectrics exhibiting improved Ud and η at high temperature. The maximum Ud of c‐PEI with 2 wt% TAP was 2.53 J/cm3 at 150°C, which was 24.8% higher than non‐cross‐linked PEI (2.11 J/cm3 at 150°C). This research provides an innovative strategy to achieve novel PEI dielectrics with improved Ud and η at high temperature.
Bi‐level deep mutual learning assisted multi‐task network for occluded person re‐identification
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Liangbo , Zhou Yu
Published: November 2022

An occluded person re‐identification (ReID) approach is presented by constructing a Bi‐level deep Mutual learning assisted Multi‐task network (BMM), where the holistic and occluded person ReID tasks are treated as two related but not identical tasks. This is inspired by the human perception characteristic that there exist both similarities and differences when human views a holistic image and the occluded one. Specifically, a multi‐task network with two branches is designed, where the convolutional neural network based feature representation part shares the weights by two tasks for commonality extraction, while the following output layers have respective weights for difference representation. Furthermore, as the non‐occluded regions convey discriminative information, a bi‐level mutual learning strategy is proposed and applied mutually on two branches to obtain more effective information from the non‐occluded regions in the occluded images for better identity recognition. This is achieved by both feature‐level and output‐level mutual loss functions. Extensive experiments prove the advantages of the BMM for person ReID.
Parametric design method of building structured cabling system oriented to data mining
Authors: Wang Bing , Yue Wei
Published: November 2022

With the rapid development of the construction industry, structured cabling systems (SCSs) have been widely used in the construction industry. However, the design of structured cabling projects is basically done by hand by designers, it then draws using general‐purpose drawing software such as Autocomputer‐aided design, and this traditional design method can no longer cope with the rapid development of SCS construction technology. Data mining techniques can filter and extract useful information from large amounts of data and create an intelligent analysis system, it draws valuable conclusions. Among them, parametric design is widely used in the field of construction. In order to promote the development of building structured cabling industry, this paper will use data mining technology to study the parametric design method of SCS. This paper puts forward the method of secondary development and design software through the research of building SCS, and uses data mining technology to carry out parametric design of building SCS. Then, the feasibility of the design is tested by comparing the data of the traditional design and the parametric design. Experimental data show that the use of parametric design system for building construction drawing design can shorten the time to 0.29 times the original, greatly reducing the design time and improving work efficiency.
Evolution of smart grids towards the Internet of energy: Concept and essential components for deep decarbonisation
Authors: Ghiasi Mohammad , Wang Zhanle , Mehrandezh Mehran , Jalilian Shayan , Ghadimi Noradin
Published: November 2022

To achieve low‐carbon sustainable energy development, new technologies such as Internet of Energy (IoE), intelligent systems and Internet of Things (IoT) as well as distributed energy generations via smart grids (SG) are gaining attention. The interoperability between intelligent energy systems, realised through the web, enables automatic consumption optimisation and increases network efficiency and intelligent management. IoE is an intriguing topic in close connection with the IoT, communication systems, SG and electrical mobility that contributes to energy efficiency to achieve zero‐carbon technologies and green environments. Furthermore, nowadays, the widespread growth and utilisation of processors for mining digital currency in homes and small warehouses are some other factors to be considered in terms of electric energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. However, research on the use of the Internet for evaluating the misallocation of energy and the effect it can have on CO2 emissions is often neglected. In this study, the authors present a detailed overview regarding the evolution of SG in conjunction with the employment of IoE systems as well as the essential components of IoE for decarbonisation. Also, mathematical models with simulation are provided to evaluate the role of IoE in reducing CO2 emission.
Smart automatic synchronization system based on coherence algorithm for power grids
Authors: Mahmoud Ragab Abd Allah
Published: November 2022

An automatic synchronizing system is useful to reconnect two separated segments of a power system. This article describes a smart synchronizer based on coherence indices computed for voltage and current waves to value the synchronization level during normal operating conditions. The coherence index is a measure of the similarity degree between two time‐series waves taken from the two subsystems. Thus, it can be used to detect any system disturbance, and to identify the synchronous operation. To investigate the technique performance, a power system with real parameters' data is simulated on Alternative Transient Program (ATP) platform, and the algorithm procedure is implemented in MATLAB software. The simulation results indicate the possibility of the method application practically, and it can operate online and automatically for various networks. Besides, it can select only one coherence setting for the synchronization assessment, and alter the setting according to the prevailed conditions of the networks. In addition, it is considered an integrated scheme which combines both synchronizing and protection functions. Moreover, it offers a new design of relay operating characteristics to differentiate between the synchronization and non‐synchronization operation. Consequently, the synchronizer transmits a closing command to the intended CB, yet stays idle under contingency events.
Standing Flexion Test: A Manual Diagnostic Test as First Indication
of Sacroiliac Dysfunction – Study from Practice
Authors: Loudovici-Krug Dana , Lemhöfer Christina , Best Norman
Published: November 2022

Background The standing flexion test (SFT) is an orienting test,
supporting to diagnose a sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJ-D) in manual
medicine. However, the literature research for this term shows the paucity of
according investigations. The aim is to investigate the importance of the SFT
with regard to possible functional disorder of the SIJ.

Method Teachers of the Medical Association for Manual Medicine
(physiotherapists and physicians) were asked to fill in a documentation sheet
considering different exsmination procedures belonging to routine manual
medicine anamnestic findings. The only inclusion criterion was the positive SFT.
The results are presented descriptive with according percentages.

Results From January to August 2019, a total of 366 SIJ data sheets with
positive SFTs were completed by 20 ÄMM-teachers, involving six
imcomplete ones. 263 of the 360 patients enrolled actually had a SIJ-D
(73.06%).

Further relevant results refer to pain oft he SIJ region (205 of 360; 173 with
SIJ-D), the Patrick-Kubis-Test (246 of 360; 201 with SIJ-D), the pelvic tilt
(134 of 360; 134 with SIJ-D), the pelvic torsion (209 of 360; 164 with SIJ-D)
and the increased iliac muscle tone (282 of 360; 216 with SIJ-D).

Discussion After a positive SFT, the Patrick-Kubis-test, the tonus check
of the iliac muscle and the indication of pain in the SIJ-region can be used for
the diagnosis of a SIJ-D. If at least two of the three aspects are conspicuous,
SIJ-D is very likely to be present.
Structure of Neurosurgical Care in Germany in Comparison to Countries Organized in the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies: A Need to Reorganize Neurosurgical Training and Care in Germany
Authors: Ringel Florian , Stoffel Michael , Krieg Sandro M. , Schöller Karsten , Gerlach Rüdiger , Conzen Michael , Schuss Patrick , Kreutzer Jürgen , Beck Jürgen ,   and,   on behalf of Ressort 1 of the Neurosurgical Academy (NCA) of the German Society of Neurosurgery (DGNC) the Berufsverband Deutscher Neurochirurgen (BDNC)
Published: November 2022

Background Although the world is experiencing a deficit in the neurosurgical workforce, the number of neurosurgeons in Germany has increased within the last two decades. The aim of the present study was to assess the neurosurgical workforce in Germany, compare it to European countries, and assess structures in neurosurgical departments in Germany.

Methods Data regarding the number of neurosurgeons in Germany as well as the number of departments, beds, cases, and neurosurgical procedures were gathered. A survey among German neurosurgical departments was performed to assess the structure of neurosurgical care. Furthermore, another survey among European countries was performed to acquire information regarding the number of surgeons and the regulation of training.

Results From 2000 to 2019, the number of board-certified neurosurgeons in Germany increased by 151% from 973 to 2,446. During the same period, the German population increased by only 1% from 82.26 million to 83.17 million. Thus, the number of neurosurgeons per 100,000 inhabitants increased from 1.18 to 2.94. The increase of neurosurgeons is not paralleled by an increase in departments or an increase in neurosurgical procedures within the active neurosurgical departments. In comparison to the participating European countries, where the number of neurosurgeons per 100,000 inhabitants ranged from 0.45 to 2.94, with Germany shows the highest number.

Conclusions German institutions of medical administration urgently need to consider regulation of neurosurgical specialist training to prevent a further uncontrolled increase in neurosurgeons in a manner that is not adapted to the needs of neurosurgical care for the German population. Actions might include a regulation of entry to the training and of the number of training sites. Furthermore, an integration of non-physician assistant health care professionals and delegation of non-surgical workload from neurosurgeons is necessary. A further increase in neurosurgeons would be associated with a decrease in the surgical caseload per surgeons during training and after board certification, which might compromise the quality of neurosurgical care.
N-Tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles as Scaffolds for Morpholines: The Total Synthesis of (–)-Chelonin A
Authors: Bissember Alex C. , Smith Jason A. , Stewart Scott G. , Gunawan Nina , Nutt Michael J.
Published: November 2022

Substituted morpholine derivatives appear frequently in biologically active compounds and thus novel routes towards such structures are of great synthetic interest. Herein, we report the total syntheses of chelonin A, a morpholine-derived marine natural product with reported antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. The key step in this process was a rhodium carbenoid 1,3-insertion into a bromohydrin O–H bond, followed by annulation, leading to a 2,6-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazine core. This work was then extended to deliver the first asymmetric total synthesis of (–)-chelonin A using an enantioenriched bromohydrin, prepared in turn via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of an α-bromoketone.
Comparison of Outcomes of Scapholunate Ligament Reconstruction Techniques
Authors: Wu Meagan , Ilyas Asif
Published: November 2022

Introduction Injury to the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) is a common cause of carpal instability, yet surgical management of chronic SLIL disruption remains challenging with no optimal technique identified.

Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis was to comparatively review the available evidence of clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcome measures among popular techniques of SLIL reconstruction (capsulodesis, tenodesis, and bone-tissue-bone graft) to better guide management of SLIL injuries.

Methods A total of 1,172 patients from 42 included studies were assessed. Standardized data extraction and analysis were performed. The mean of postoperative outcome assessments with standard deviation was used to calculate pooled standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval.

Results Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for postoperative pain was lowest in bone-tissue-bone patients at 0.9 (p = 0.0360). Bone-tissue-bone patients had the highest percentage of “excellent” functional outcomes at 64.5% (p < 0.0001). Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH)/QuickDASH score was best in bone-tissue-bone patients at 9.7 (p < 0.0001). Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score was best in tenodesis patients at 37.8 (p = 0.0255). There were no statistically significant differences in grip strength, range of motion, or radiographic outcomes among the techniques.

Conclusion Existing data demonstrate some benefit of bone-tissue-bone reconstruction over capsulodesis and tenodesis in pain reduction and functional improvement of the injured wrist. No statistically significant differences among radiographic outcomes could be ascertained, possibly attributable to the heterogeneity of procedures. This review provides an updated reference and highlights the need for multicenter trials with longer term follow-up and more standardized outcome measures.
The Lateral-W Construct: An Anatomical Variant of the Dorsal Wrist Ligaments
Authors: Fermín Theodorakys Marín , Zampeli Frantzeska , Hagert Elisabet
Published: November 2022

Background The dorsal intercarpal ligament (DIC) is an elegant dorsal stabilizer of the proximal carpal row, including the scaphoid's proximal pole and scapholunate joint. Along with the dorsal radiocarpal (DRC) ligament, it acts as a dorsal radioscaphoid stabilizer, with dynamism due to its ability to modify its length up to threefold by changing the angles between its V-shaped bundle morphology. The DIC ligament consistently originates from the dorsal tubercle of the triquetrum on the ulnar side. It spans transversely, attaching to the dorsal groove of the scaphoid (97–100%), lunate (75–90%), and proximal rim of the trapezium (12.5–50%), and overlapping the lunotriquetral interosseous ligament and the scapholunate interosseous ligament. Together with the DRC, Viegas et al (Viegas SF, Yamaguchi S, Boyd NL, Patterson RM. The dorsal ligaments of the wrist: anatomy, mechanical properties, and function. J Hand Surg Am 1999;24(3):456–468) proposed that this ligament complex should be called the “lateral-V construct.”

Anatomical Variant The authors present a unique type C variant of the DIC ligament, showing a distinct thick bundle directed at the dorsal aspect of the second metacarpal base that thus creates a “lateral-W construct.” This dorsal triquetro-metacarpal 2 (dTqMC2) ligament acts as restraint to the body of the capitate and will provide enhanced stability of the dorsal midcarpal joint by limiting dorsal translation of the capitate in relation to the lunate.

Clinical Relevance Our finding may contribute to the increasing knowledge of the dorsal ligament complex and its role in dorsal midcarpal instability, as well as surgical repair techniques.
Prevention of Adverse Outcomes and Treatment Side Effects in Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Grover Kavita M. , Sripathi Naganand
Published: November 2022

In this article, we review prevention of serious adverse clinical outcomes and treatment side effects in patients with neuromuscular disorders including myopathies and myasthenia gravis. While neither of these entities is preventable, their course can often be modified, and severe sequelae may be prevented, with the identification of risk factors and proactive attention toward treatment planning.
Negative inductor effects in nonlinear two-dimensional systems: Oscillatory neurons and memristors
Authors: Bisquert Juan
Published: November 2022

Many chemical and physical systems show self-sustained oscillations that can be described by a set of nonlinear differential equations. The system enters oscillatory behavior by an intrinsic instability that leads to bifurcation. We analyze conducting systems that present oscillating response under application of external voltage or current. Phenomena like electrochemical corrosion and the spiking response of a biological neuron are well-known examples. These systems have applications in artificial neurons and synapses for neuromorphic computation. Their dynamical properties can be characterized by normal mode analysis of small expansion of the constituent nonlinear equations. The linearized model leads to the technique of ac frequency response impedance spectroscopy that can be obtained experimentally. We show a general description of two-variable systems formed by a combination of a fast variable (the voltage) and a slowing down internal variable, which produce a chemical inductor. A classification of bifurcations and stability is obtained in terms of the parameters of the intrinsic equivalent circuit including the case of a negative inductor. Thereafter, we describe a number of physical examples and establish the characterization of their properties: The electrocatalytic reaction with adsorbed intermediate species, an oscillating metal oxide memristor, and finally we discuss the signs of the equivalent circuit elements in the central model of neuroscience, the Hodgkin–Huxley model for an oscillating neuron.
Graph based multi-scale neighboring topology deep learning for kidney and tumor segmentation
Authors: Xuan Ping , Bi Hanwen , Cui Hui , Jin Qiangguo , Zhang Tiangang , Tu Huawei , Cheng Peng , Li Changyang , Ning Zhiyu , guo Menghan , Duh Henry B L
Published: November 2022

Objective. Effective learning and modelling of spatial and semantic relations between image regions in various ranges are critical yet challenging in image segmentation tasks. Approach. We propose a novel deep graph reasoning model to learn from multi-order neighborhood topologies for volumetric image segmentation. A graph is first constructed with nodes representing image regions and graph topology to derive spatial dependencies and semantic connections across image regions. We propose a new node attribute embedding mechanism to formulate topological attributes for each image region node by performing multi-order random walks (RW) on the graph and updating neighboring topologies at different neighborhood ranges. Afterwards, multi-scale graph convolutional autoencoders are developed to extract deep multi-scale topological representations of nodes and propagate learnt knowledge along graph edges during the convolutional and optimization process. We also propose a scale-level attention module to learn the adaptive weights of topological representations at multiple scales for enhanced fusion. Finally, the enhanced topological representation and knowledge from graph reasoning are integrated with content features before feeding into the segmentation decoder. Main results. The evaluation results over public kidney and tumor CT segmentation dataset show that our model outperforms other state-of-the-art segmentation methods. Ablation studies and experiments using different convolutional neural networks backbones show the contributions of major technical innovations and generalization ability. Significance. We propose for the first time an RW-driven MCG with scale-level attention to extract semantic connections and spatial dependencies between a diverse range of regions for accurate kidney and tumor segmentation in CT volumes.
Improving ANAIS-112 sensitivity to DAMA/LIBRA signal with machine learning techniques
Authors: Coarasa I. , Apilluelo J. , Amaré J. , Cebrián S. , Cintas D. , García E. , Martínez M. , Oliván M.A. , Ortigoza Y. , Ortiz de Solórzano A. , Pardo T. , Puimedón J. , Salinas A. , Sarsa M.L. , Villar P.
Published: November 2022

The DAMA/LIBRA observation of an annual modulation in the detection rate compatible with that expected for dark matter particles from the galactic halo has accumulated evidence for more than twenty years. It is the only hint of a direct detection of the elusive dark matter, but it is in strong tension with the negative results of other very sensitive experiments, requiring ad-hoc scenarios to reconcile all the present experimental results. Testing the DAMA/LIBRA result using the same target material, NaI(Tl), removes the dependence on the particle and halo models and is the goal of the ANAIS-112 experiment, taking data at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain since August 2017 with 112.5 kg of NaI(Tl). At very low energies, the detection rate is dominated by non-bulk scintillation events and careful event selection is mandatory. This article summarizes the efforts devoted to better characterize and filter this contribution in ANAIS-112 data using a boosted decision tree (BDT), trained for this goal with high efficiency. We report on the selection of the training populations, the procedure to determine the optimal cut on the BDT parameter, the estimate of the efficiencies for the selection of bulk scintillation in the region of interest (ROI), and the evaluation of the performance of this analysis with respect to the previous filtering. The improvement achieved in background rejection in the ROI, but moreover, the increase in detection efficiency, push the ANAIS-112 sensitivity to test the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation result beyond 3σ with three-year exposure, being possible to reach 5σ by extending the data taking for a few more years than the scheduled 5 years which were due in August 2022.
Design of a giant electrorheological fluid actuator for achieving soft transmission
Authors: Sun Yi , Xiao Juncheng , Pu Huayan
Published: November 2022

Giant electrorheological fluid (GERF) is a kind of intelligent material whose shear yield stress can be adjust continuously by changing the applied electric field and has potential to be used in clutches and multi-axis transmission systems. According to the rheological characteristics of GERF, an actuator based on parallel plate electrodes is designed and a soft transmission mode is proposed to realize a tuneable torque output capacity. The driving principle of the soft transmission, the rheological model of GERF, the design scheme of the actuator is discussed, and verified with experiments. The experimental results show the relationship between the output torque and electric field intensity, centre distance and electric field type, and suggest the feasibility of applying this driving principle to multi-axis drive system in the future.
Aerodynamic optimization of a propeller airfoil at low Reynolds numbers
Authors: Wei Kaijun , Wu Jiali , Zhang Junhong , Peng Guilin , Rong Haichun
Published: November 2022

The aerodynamic optimization method was presented to design a propeller airfoil for a stratosphere airship at low Reynolds numbers. The delta class and shape transformation were adopted to describe the airfoil geometry as the design variables. The flow field was calculated by an open-source code XFOIL to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics as the design targets. The separated particle swarm optimization was employed as the optimization algorithm. The optimization case started with a typical low Reynolds number airfoil E387 and obtained a thicker and more cambered airfoil using the proposed method. The flow fields of the optimized and initial airfoils were analysed by CFD. Results suggested that the lift-to-drag ratio of the optimized airfoil changed from 35.7 to 45.9 with an increasing rate by 28.5% at design cruise condition. The overall aerodynamic performance of the optimized airfoil has been significantly improved at both design and off-design conditions within a wide range of attack angle. The optimization platform presented here is an efficient and effective method for the low-Reynolds-number airfoil designs.
Uncertainty evaluation due to the difference in definitions of the acceleration parameter to examine the influence of mean flow acceleration on the experimental turbulent flows
Authors: Kashiwagi Takanari , Suzuki Hiroki , Mochizuki Shinsuke
Published: November 2022

This study presents the uncertainty arising from the difference among three definitions of acceleration parameter. Previous studies have used two definitions of the acceleration parameter, denoted as the first and second definitions in this study. In the present study, an intermediate definition is introduced in addition to the two definitions. Then, mean velocity profile functions represented by each of these definitions are derived. If the magnitude of the acceleration parameter is sufficiently small, the mean velocity profiles represented by the definitions can result in the same with each other and are derived to be a linear function. The difference magnitude in the mean velocity profile among these definitions is of the order of the square of the acceleration parameter magnitude. The difference in the values obtained experimentally for the acceleration parameter can be larger than the order of the typical magnitude in experimental uncertainty. The present study derives a simple formula to estimate a value of the second definition from that of the first definition. The deviation uncertainty of this derived formula is found to be smaller than the magnitude of this typical experimental uncertainty.
Mechanism study of ultrasonic-assisted screening of fine powder materials
Authors: Chen Yazhe , Yao Hongliang
Published: November 2022

The strong adsorption characteristics of fine power materials give rise to problems such as material conglomeration, blockage of sieve mesh and low process efficiency during screening, thus necessitating studies on processes like ultrasonic-assisted powder materials screening. In this study, based on the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory, an energy balance model that takes into account the viscous force and ultrasonic vibration energy was first established; secondly, the force balance model was established as the breaking up of aggregates due to collisions between them during screening depends on the balance of forces on the aggregates; thirdly, the process of particle agglomeration and dispersion was studied via EDEM simulation; finally, the results of the experiment were used to verify the mechanism by which the ultrasonic auxiliary prevents material agglomeration and adsorption. The results showed that ultrasonic vibration can effectively scatter the particles, and improve the screening efficiency.
Analysis and research on the flow capacity of memory alloy gasket and ordinary gasket under AC source
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Lin Haofan , Wei Bo , Song Guoquan , Fang Chengwei , Zheng Wenzhe , He Jian , Jin Yubo , Lu Hongkun , Zou Xiaofeng
Published: November 2022

The heating of the fittings of the substation is a major hidden danger affecting the safe and stable operation of the substation. As a load of substations has increased, several heating defects of fittings joints have been found during daily inspections and live inspections. Facing the defects of fittings and joints, operation and maintenance personnel often use methods such as dismantling the equipment to polish the oxide layer, applying conductive paste on the contact surface, and tightening connecting bolts [1]. However, the current methods all require power outage maintenance, which not only increases the daily workload of operation and maintenance personnel, but also inevitably causes a certain load loss. Therefore, it is urgent to study a new method to effectively suppress the heating defect of the fittings without power failure, which also provides a certain theoretical and experimental basis for improving the detection and operation and maintenance of fittings [2]. In order to verify the performance of memory alloy smart gaskets, this paper selects memory alloy smart gaskets and ordinary steel spring gaskets, and develops the effects of current and torque on the temperature rise and loop resistance of the fittings of different types of gaskets under AC current [3]. Experimental results show that under the same torque, the temperature of the memory pad end is lower than that of the ordinary end, and the greater the current, the more obvious the effect; under the same current, the temperature of the memory pad end is lower than that of the ordinary end, and the smaller the torque, the more obvious the effect. It proves that memory pads have certain advantages over ordinary pads.
Application of mechanical characteristic test in the development of 220kV SF6 new type quick circuit breaker
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Yang Yong , Song Guoquan , Wei Bo , Lin Haofan , Zheng Wenzhe , He Jian , Ji Yuhao , Fang Chengwei , Xia Ligang , Huang Junhao
Published: November 2022

In order to accumulate preliminary data of mechanical characteristics of the fast switch, and to verify whether the design parameter requirements are met. This paper selects three prototypes and three engineering prototypes respectively, collects and analyzes mechanical characteristics of three engineering machines before and after the prototype test, the life prototype before and after the life test, the capacity prototype before and after the capacity test. It is proved that the opening and closing time of quick-switch prototype and engineering prototype meet design requirements. Data results measured by all parties are in good agreement. Among three prototypes, the maximum phase difference between fast switch opening time, opening speed, closing time, and closing speed is only 10.7%, 6.7%, 8.8%, and 9.5%. In three-phase engineering prototype, the maximum inter-phase difference of fast switch opening time, opening speed, closing time, and closing speed is only 8.3%, 4.9%, 3.5%, and 7.8%.
Interleaved operation of parallel three-level inverter and suppression of circulating current
Authors: Wu Zhizhen , Zhang Guorong , Chen Weilun , He Haiyang
Published: November 2022

Circulating current suppression has been a key problem for non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected parallel inverters, but traditional circulating current suppression method cannot meet the aims of reducing circulating current and output current harmonic at the same time. This paper analyzes the five-level voltage output capability based on the interleaved parallel three-level inverter through the interaction of the two parallel inverters, then proposes the interleaved operation idea based on Model Predictive Control Strategy. Futhermore, based on the basic vector of zero common-mode voltage in this system, this paper proposes a method of suppressing circulating current suitable for interleaved parallel three-level inverters, and derives a detailed modulation implementation process. Simulation shows that while suppressing the circulating current, the proposed method can greatly reduce the harmonic distortion of the parallel output current, which achieves the goals of suppressing the circulating current and reduce output current harmonics simultaneously in the non-isolated parallel photovoltaic inverter.
Electric energy conversion design of hydrogen fuel cell for automobile
Authors: Gao Jiawei , Chen Jing , Yang Mu , Yang Hangqu
Published: November 2022

Hydrogen energy is one of the emerging new energy sources in today’s era. It not only has a wide range of materials and simple production, but also its combustion products have no pollution to the environment and have excellent quality that non-renewable fuels such as coal and oil do not have. However, as one of the most common application forms of hydrogen fuel, hydrogen fuel cell, due to its own design and structural characteristics, not only brings convenience to us, but also has the problems of low output voltage and large fluctuation range. Therefore, only by using DC-DC converter to boost and stabilize the output voltage of hydrogen fuel cell, can we efficiently supply power to the backward circuit and load. Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of single isolated and non-isolated converter, this paper puts forward the converter model combining isolated and non-isolated converter, and then introduces the feedback link to stabilize the voltage. Finally, the circuit model is constructed by using MATLAB / Simulink software to verify the accuracy of theory and analysis.
Design and experiment of on-orbit assembly ground simulation robot
Authors: Pang Chuanke , Zhong Rui
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a space telescope assembly scheme and a ROS-based on-orbit assembly robot simulation system. First, the system fuses the hand-eye camera and the global camera ArUco marked image information to complete the identification and position and pose estimation of the structural parts to be assembled. Then, the pose information is transmitted to the ROS motion control node through Modbus-TCP communication, and the dual-arm robot system is controlled to complete motion planning and obstacle avoidance, arriving at the designated position for precise pick and place. After many simulation experiments of the designed space telescope model assembly scheme, it has been proved that the target object pose estimation algorithm is accurate, and the dual-arm collaborative robot has high position accuracy, which can realize the ground simulation autonomous assembly of large-scale space facilities. The system has certain practical application value with high integration, strong expansibility and good portability.
A study on Bayesian method for reliability evaluation of small sample size aviation support systems
Authors: Wang Yanlei , Cheng Hongwei
Published: November 2022

In order to realize the reliability evaluation of small sample size aviation support system with known prior information, the Bayes methods of system reliability evaluation are given by using the second-order moment equivalent method, relative least squares method (RLS method), maximum entropy method (ME method) and Chebyshev polynomial method respectively, and the accuracies of the above Bayes synthesis methods are compared and analysed through an example. The results show that the ME method and RLS method have higher evaluation accuracy than the second-order moment equivalent method and Chebyshev expansion method. Finally, ME method and RLS method are applied to the reliability evaluation of aviation support system, and good evaluation results are obtained. At the same time, it provides a valuable reference for the reliability evaluation of complex system with small sample size in engineering practice.
Online energy consumption optimization method for rework production systems
Authors: Sun He , Ding Yutong , Zhang Kaigan , Wu Zelin , Xing Xueqi , Fan Zhi , Xia Tangbin
Published: November 2022

Aiming at the problems of high equipment composition complexity, long idle time of idle machines, and difficulty in online optimization of energy consumption in the production system that adopts the “immediate rework” mechanism, an online energy consumption optimization method for rework production systems is proposed. A digital model of production system energy consumption for the “immediate rework” mechanism is established, and real-time data is integrated to realize online energy consumption optimization based on the optimal buffer threshold. Taking the module production line of a battery workshop of a new energy vehicle factory as the application object, the online energy consumption optimization system of the rework production line of the workshop is designed and developed, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are verified.
Study on the interaction mechanism of double-blade corona discharge with a large discharge gap
Authors: LI Dingchen , LI Chuan , LI Jiawei , YANG Wendi , XIAO Menghan , ZHANG Ming , YU Kexun
Published: November 2022

Multi-source corona discharge is a commonly used method to generate more charged particles, but the interaction mechanism between multiple discharge sources, which largely determines the overall discharge effect, has still not been studied much. In this work, a large-space hybrid model based on a hydrodynamic model and ion-transport model is adopted to study the interaction mechanism between discharge sources. Specifically, the effects of the number of electrodes, voltage level, and electrode spacing on the discharge characteristics are studied by taking a double-blade electrode as an example. The calculation results show that, when multiple discharge electrodes operate simultaneously, the superimposed electric field includes multiple components from the electrodes, making the ion distribution and current different from that under a single-blade electrode. The larger the distance between discharge electrodes, the weaker the interaction. When the electrode spacing d is larger than 4 cm, the interaction can be ignored. The results can guide the design of large discharge gap array electrodes to achieve efficient discharge.
#FleeingWuhan: Legitimation and Delegitimation Strategies in Hostile Online Discourse
Authors: Ho Janet
Published: November 2022

Following the first coronavirus case reported to the World Health Organization in Wuhan in 2019 and the ensuing city-wide lockdown that was imposed, many people attempted to leave the city, culminating in a vigorous discourse on the dominant Chinese microblogging site, Weibo. This study seeks to examine how online participants discursively delegitimated and legitimated people who left Wuhan before the lockdown. Weibo posts with the hashtag #逃离武汉 (‘Fleeing Wuhan’) were collected, and delegitimation and legitimation strategies deployed by users were identified. My findings reveal that the delegitimators exploited moral evaluation and impersonal authority to highlight the construed unethicality and shamelessness of people who left Wuhan, whereas the legitimators used an array of strategies, including explanation and definition, to normalize their intentions and counter linguistic hostility. These findings also provide implications vis-à-vis the clustering of delegitimation strategies as well as their linkages with emotional appeals in online discourse.
Five years on: the monster flare of 2017
Authors: French Ryan
Published: November 2022

Ryan French looks back at a momentous event, both in the history of solar physics, and his own career.
A fast and powerful linear mixed model approach for genotype-environment interaction tests in large-scale GWAS
Authors: Zhong Wujuan , Chhibber Aparna , Luo Lan , Mehrotra Devan V , Shen Judong
Published: November 2022

Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI or GxE) plays an important role in understanding complex human traits. However, it is usually challenging to detect GEI signals efficiently and accurately while adjusting for population stratification and sample relatedness in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Here we propose a fast and powerful linear mixed model-based approach, fastGWA-GE, to test for GEI effect and G + GxE joint effect. Our extensive simulations show that fastGWA-GE outperforms other existing GEI test methods by controlling genomic inflation better, providing larger power and running hundreds to thousands of times faster. We performed a fastGWA-GE analysis of ~7.27 million variants on 452 249 individuals of European ancestry for 13 quantitative traits and five environment variables in the UK Biobank GWAS data and identified 96 significant signals (72 variants across 57 loci) with GEI test P-values < 1 × 10−9, including 27 novel GEI associations, which highlights the effectiveness of fastGWA-GE in GEI signal discovery in large-scale GWAS.
Gaussian universal likelihood ratio testing
Authors: Dunn Robin , Ramdas Aaditya , Balakrishnan Sivaraman , Wasserman Larry
Published: November 2022

The classical likelihood ratio test based on the asymptotic chi-squared distribution of the log-likelihood is one of the fundamental tools of statistical inference. A recent universal likelihood ratio test approach based on sample splitting provides valid hypothesis tests and confidence sets in any setting for which we can compute the split likelihood ratio statistic, or, more generally, an upper bound on the null maximum likelihood. The universal likelihood ratio test is valid in finite samples and without regularity conditions. This test empowers statisticians to construct tests in settings for which no valid hypothesis test previously existed. For the simple, but fundamental, case of testing the population mean of $d$-dimensional Gaussian data with an identity covariance matrix, the classical likelihood ratio test itself applies. Thus, this setting serves as a perfect test bed to compare the classical likelihood ratio test against the universal likelihood ratio test. This work presents the first in-depth exploration of the size, power and relationships between several universal likelihood ratio test variants. We show that a repeated subsampling approach is the best choice in terms of size and power. For large numbers of subsamples, the repeated subsampling set is approximately spherical. We observe reasonable performance even in a high-dimensional setting, where the expected squared radius of the best universal likelihood ratio test’s confidence set is approximately 3/2 times the squared radius of the classical likelihood ratio test’s spherical confidence set. We illustrate the benefits of the universal likelihood ratio test through testing a nonconvex doughnut-shaped null hypothesis, where a universal inference procedure can have higher power than a standard approach.
‘The Great Oblivion’—An Autoethnographic Depiction of Social and Personal Recovery After Electro-convulsive Therapy (ECT)
Authors: Moberg Jennie
Published: November 2022

This article aims to shed light on cognitive disabilities after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) from an expert-by-experience perspective. It illuminates the living conditions that may follow, with a particular focus on epistemic injustice, societal attitudes, narration and recovery. Since personal narratives about ECT are scant, an autoethnographic method was used through which I weave together my own experiences of ECT and the need for support from, for example, social services, with research in various nearby areas. These experiences were then placed in a wider psycho-social context. Three themes emerged when analysing own experiences of ECT, revealing both risks and important aspects of managing side effects such as cognitive disabilities: (i) At the social services office; (ii) Alienation in society; and (iii) Excerpt from a friendly conversation. Subjective experiences may broaden the understanding of a certain phenomenon which calls for greater (societal) knowledge regarding cognitive disabilities after ECT. It also emphasises the importance of different professionals, including social workers and psychiatric staff, working to promote recovery, legitimise users’ narratives and not seeing disabilities as given obstacles in everyday life.