bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of successfulness of a capacity building workshop on smokeless tobacco and areca nut cessation conducted among Dental Surgeons of Sri Lanka: A cross sectional study
Authors: Jayasinghe Ruwan Duminda , Jayasooriya PR , Amarasinghe H , Hettiarachchi PVKS , Siriwardena BSMS. , Wijerathne UKYGDM , Kithalawarachchi SK. , Tilakaratne WM
Published: January 2021

Background- Prevalence of smoking in Sri Lanka shows a gradual reduction whilst the use of smokeless tobacco and areca nut shows an increasing trend. At present, to the best of our knowledge only a few well-structured smokeless tobacco (SLT)/areca nut (AN) cessation programmes are conducted in Sri Lanka, which is a gross underachievement considering that betel chewing related oral squamous cell carcinoma being the commonest cancer in Sri Lankan males. As General Dental Practitioners (GDP) do not contribute significantly to SLT/AN cessation activities at present, capacity building programmes on SLT/AN control were carried out. The study evaluated the knowledge, attitude and practices related to SLT/AN control among dental surgeonsMethods: Following an one day capacity building programme/workshop on smokeless tobacco / areca nut control, two self-administered questionnaires were used to assess the improvement of knowledge and change of attitudes among 663 GDPs. Results - 27.1% of the participants had received formal tobacco cessation training in the past. Majority had a good knowledge on harmful effects of SLT but not on areca nut. Their knowledge on the current legislation on SLT control in Sri Lanka and carcinogenicity of areca nut was not satisfactory. Almost all agreed that proper counseling leads to patient quitting the habit, a formal training is necessary to conduct tobacco control activities and it should be the part of the regular treatment modalities. More than 80% of the participants believed that they should support strict legislation. Almost 50% agreed on tobacco and areca nut free environment in their dental clinics. Most important factors leading to poor involvement in tobacco cessation activities were lack of expertise and inadequate educational material, not breach of patient privacy and lack of financial incentives. Surprisingly, 20.1% of the dental surgeons had consumed smokeless tobacco / areca nut products in the past and only a few were current users of tobacco and/or areca nut. Conclusions - Well planned workshops are efficient in improving knowledge, practices and attitudes of dental surgeons towards SLT/AN cessation.
Long-term Condition Management for Prisoners: improving the processes between community and prison
Authors: Wright Nat , Hankins F , Hearty P
Published: January 2021

Background: Prisoner populations have a disproportionately high prevalence of risk factors for long-term conditions (LTCs), and movement between community and prisons is a period of potential disruption in the ongoing monitoring and management of LTCs.Method: 19 qualitative interviews with staff, recruited by purposive sampling for professional background, were conducted to explore facilitators and barriers to screening, monitoring and medicines management for LTCs.Results: There is variability in prisoner behaviours regarding bringing community GP-prescribed medication to prison following arrest and detention in police custody, which affects service ability regarding seamless continuation of community prescribing actions. Systems for actively inputting clinical data into existing, nationally agreed, electronic record templates for QOF monitoring are under-developed in prisons and such activity is dependent upon individual “enthusiast(s)”.Conclusion: There is a pressing need to embed standardised QOF monitoring systems within an integrated community/prison commissioning framework, supported by connectivity between prison and community primary care records, including all activity related to QOF compliance.
The social support, mental health, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning of persons with schizophrenia participating in peer co-delivered vocational rehabilitation: a pilot study in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Kan-Yuan , Yen Chia-Feng
Published: January 2021

Background: Vocational peer support (VPS) services are recovery-oriented interventions in modern psychiatric care for persons with schizophrenia. However, few VPS services are found in currently psychiatric care in Taiwan. Hence, a pilot program of peer co-delivered vocational rehabilitation to support persons with schizophrenia in Taiwan was proposed and evaluated.Methods: Six peers were trained and were willing to co-lead and assist workplace problem-solving groups and care skills training in an extended vocational rehabilitation program from August 2017 to December 2018. The social support, mental health, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning of service users were assessed before and after peer co-delivered services, and the assessments were based on the following: Social Support Scale (SSS), Chinese Health Questionnaire-12 (CHQ-12), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Global Assessment of Function (GAF), and the Chinese version of the Social Functioning Scale (C-SFS). Results: The recruited 46 service users were mostly middle-aged (49.1 ± 9.8), with 27 being male (58.7%). After interventions, forty-two service users who completed the program had a significantly increased SSS score (149.1 ± 31.8 vs. 161.2 ± 35.0, df = 41, t = 2.70, p = 0.01) and subscale of friend-peer dimension (44.4 ± 12.0 vs. 53.2 ± 13.2, df= 41, t = 4.72, p < 0.001). The objective (GAF: 69.8 ± 9.8 vs. 72.6 ± 8.8, df = 41, t = 3.50, p = 0.001) and subjective social functional scores (C-SFS: 75.2 ± 8.8 vs. 78.1 ± 9.5, df = 41, t = 2.59, p = 0.01) both significantly increased. The weekly wage elevated significantly (37.5 ± 35.5 vs. 43.6 ± 38.0, df = 41, t = 2.57, p = 0.01) and the BPRS-18 score decreased significantly, too (31.2 ± 6.7 vs. 29.3 ± 5.0, df = 41, t = -2.83, p = 0.007).Conclusions: Peer co-delivered vocational rehabilitation services can enhance the social support received by persons with schizophrenia and improve their occupational function (as evidenced in wage increases). The pilot program proposed can thus be a model for non-Western countries with limited resources allocated from the government to support persons with schizophrenia.
Liver transplantation in recipients with class III obesity: post-transplant outcomes and weight gain
Authors: Soma Daiki , Park Yujin , Mihaylov Plamen , Ekser Burcin , Ghabril Marwan , Lacerda Marco , Charasani Naga , Mangus Richard Shane , Kubal Chandrashekhar Avinash
Published: January 2021

Introduction Over the past decades, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. Several studies have reported conflicting results for the impact of obesity on outcomes of liver transplantation (LT). This study aims to assess severe obesity's impact on LT outcomes and changes in body mass index (BMI) after transplantation.Methods All adult LT performed at Indiana University Health University Hospital between July 2001 and December 2018 were reviewed. A retrospective analysis for identified 2024 patients was conducted. BMI of recipients is subdivided into underweight, normal, overweight, class Ⅰ obesity, class Ⅱ obesity, and class Ⅲ obesity (<18.5; 18.5-24.9; 25‐29.9; 30‐34.9; 35‐39.9; ≥40 kg/m2, respectively). Survival outcomes were compared across the sub-group. Post-transplant BMI was followed up in a smaller cohort of patients receiving LT from January 2008 to December 2018 (n = 1004).Results Among 2024 patients in the analytic cohort, 1.9% were underweight, 24.5% were normal, 32.6% were overweight, 25% were in class Ⅰ obesity, 9.3% were in class Ⅱ obesity, and 1.1% were in class Ⅲ obesity. There was no significant difference in patient and graft survival at 10-year follow-up with respect to recipient obesity. The 1, 3, 5, and 10-year graft and patient survivals in class Ⅲ obesity group were 97.0%, 92.1%, 87.0%, and 79.8% for patient survival and 94.4%, 85.1%, 79.8%, and 72.5% for graft survival. Among 1004 patients identified in the sub-group, BMI of all groups except the underweight group declined in the first three months postoperatively. After the three months, the BMI of all groups except the class Ⅲ obesity group returned to the pre-LT level by two years and reached a plateau by five years. In patients with class Ⅲ obesity, there was a significant increase in body weight at long-term follow-up.Conclusion In this study, class Ⅲ obesity is not associated with higher post-transplant mortality. Obesity, including class Ⅲ obesity, should not be considered a contraindication to LT in the absence of other contraindications. Post-LT interventions are required to prevent significant weight gain in recipients with class Ⅲ obesity.
The influence of haematuria on the utility of the BTA stat test in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: a prospective study
Authors: Xiong Xiong , He Wei , Xiong Bin , Yao Feng
Published: January 2021

Background The urinary bladder tumour antigen (BTA) stat test has already been used for the diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer (BC). However, more evidence is needed regarding its efficacy and utility in the clinic. In this study, we investigated the influence of haematuria on the performance of the BTA stat test in a clinical cohort.Methods Urine samples from 836 subjects, including 50 healthy volunteers, 553 patients with benign urologic disorders, 124 patients with histologically proven BC, and 109 patients with other histologically proven urologic cancers, were analysed by the BTA stat test and urinalysis. We detected the sensitivity and specificity of the BTA stat test in each group and analysed the effect of haematuria on the specificity.Results Our data show that 58.06% of patients in the BC group had haematuria. Haematuria with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), renal hamartoma (RH) and urolithiasis were identified in 39.01%, 42.86% and 66.49% of patients with benign urologic disorders, respectively. Haematuria was identified in 48.72% of prostatic cancer patients and 67.74% of renal cancer patients. The overall sensitivity of the BTA stat test was 90.32%. The sensitivity was 97.22% in BC patients with haematuria and 80.77% in BC patients without haematuria. The overall specificity in healthy individuals, patients with benign urologic disorders and patients with other urologic cancers was 50.84%. In all patients with haematuria, the specificity of the BTA stat test was 15.82%, while the specificity was 72.6% in patients without haematuria.Conclusions Haematuria has a significant influence on the BTA stat test. The performance of the BTA stat test can be increased if patients with known or obvious haematuria conditions are excluded from the test.
Hierarchical Modelling of COVID-19 Death Risk in India in the Early Phase of the Pandemic
Authors: Olsen Wendy , Bera Manasi , Dubey Amaresh , Kim Jihye , Wisniowski Arkadiusz , Yadav Purva
Published: January 2021

We improve upon the modelling of India’s pandemic vulnerability. Our model is multi-disciplinary and recognises the nested levels of the epidemic. We create a model of the risk of severe COVID-19 and death, instead of a model of transmission. Our model allows for socio-demographic-group differentials in risk, obesity and underweight people, morbidity status and other conditioning regional and lifestyle factors. We build a hierarchical multilevel model of severe COVID-19 cases, using three different data sources: the National Family Health Survey for 2015/6, Census data for 2011, and data for COVID-19 deaths obtained cumulatively until June 2020. We provide results for 11 states of India, enabling best-yet targeting of policy actions. COVID-19 deaths in north and central India were higher in areas with older and overweight populations, and were more common among people with pre-existing health conditions, or who smoke, or who live in urban areas. Policy experts may both want to ‘follow World Health Organisation advice’ and yet also use disaggregated and spatially-specific data to improve wellbeing outcomes during the pandemic. The future uses of our innovative data-combining model are numerous.
PENGARUH NILAI TERHADAP-TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN (RESILIENSI)
Authors: Dhowi Bay , Andagsari Esther Widhi
Published: January 2021

Fokus dalam artikel ini adalah pengujian hubungan struktural antara nilai dan resiliensi. Secara teoritis, gagasan resiliensi tidak hanya mencakup kemampuan untuk bangkit dari kegagalan, tetapi juga mencakup ketahanan dalam menjalani sesuatu yang diyakini dan dijalani. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan ketangguhan terkait dengan values yang dianut oleh individu. Value yang dimaksudkan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada pemikiran Schwartz yang terbagi dalam lima dimensi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas Bina Nusantara. Sedangkan penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik convenient sampling. Jumlah sampel yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini sendiri adalah 150 orang mahasiswa yang didasarkan pada stabilitas data dalam analisis yang menggunakan structural equation modelling (SEM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa empat dimensi dalam nilai (openness to change, conservation, self-transcendent dan self-enhancement) memiliki hubungan struktural positif yang signifkan dengan ketangguhan (resiliensi). Semakin kuat openness to change, conservation, self-transcendent dan self-enhancement ini, maka akan diikuti dengan meningkatnya resiliensi. Berbeda dengan dengan empat aspek dalam value yang lain, aspek hedonism memiliki tidak memiliki hubungan structural yang tidak signifkan dengan ketangguhan (resiliensi).
HYPERMEDIA DEVELOPMENT AS SELF-REGULATED LEARNING RESOURCES FOR HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH DEBATING TRAINING
Authors: Ubaidah Ubaidah
Published: January 2021

This research was aimed to develop Hypermedia as an alternative learning resources that support self-regulated learning implementation for English Debating Training in Highschool. The product was developed by the framework of web-based learning environment development model. To ensure the eﬀectivity of the product, hypermedia was tested on formative and sumative evaluation involving expert, teacher, and students as participants. At the end of the study, the product was found eﬀective which is indicated by (1) 80% of students often use this hypermedia at their home as self-regulated learning resources, (2) the improvement of students debating knowledge which indicated by the improvement test result by 3.3 poin, and (3) outstanding the students’ achievement of debating competencies that 50% of the students have above average debating skills after learning with hypermedia “Enjoy Your Debate!”
FANTASI KELOMPOK PENDUKUNG PRABOWO DI MEDIA SOSIAL PADA DEBAT PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN INDONESIA 2019
Authors: Patria Laskarko
Published: January 2021

This research uses the theory of Symbolic Convergence, with the Subjective-Interpretive paradigm, with the Qualitative approach, and the Fantasy Theme Analysis method. The object of this research is the public audience/netizens who use Youtube-TVONE social media, during the broadcast of the 2019 Presidential Election Debate (Pilpres). Methods of data collection, using Observation and Documentation techniques. Netizens’ comments on Youtube social media at the time of the Debate show, are data that are the object of research. The research data is in the form of comments from netizens who are considered relevant are support presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto. The purpose of this study is to identify and interpret fantasy themes that appear in comments on Youtube. The results showed that fantasy themes that often appear in netizen’s comments are Leadership and Character. The meaning of the imagination of Prabowo’s support group is that the public wants Prabowo to be president, because he has a good character, honest, courageous, assertive, and has a leadership spirit, so he can regulate and discipline state ofcials and realize national economic independence. Prabowo’s support group was convinced that the president had to be replaced, because he did not have a leadership spirit, and the government was now considered less eﬀective, and not pro-people.
STRATEGI DAN PERFORMA PROGRAM KOMPAS TV DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN TV BERITA PADA PILPRES 2019
Authors: Yufriadi Ebnu
Published: January 2021

This research examined the program strategy and program performance of Kompas TV as a newcomer to the news TV channel in Indonesia during the 2019 presidential election (pilpres 2019). Kompas TV faces heavy competition against other news channels that have more diverse and varied programs. The research analyzed the available data supported by a number of theories and expected to be a guideline to the content selection for Kompas TV. The research focused on the program strategy of Kompas TV as a market challenger to Metro TV as a pioneer of news television in Indonesia, as well as the program performance of Kompas TV. This research used program strategy theories by Peter Pringle. Descriptive qualitative methods are applied in this research by (1) using a list of questions; (2) interviewing research and data mining managers and news executive producer of Kompas TV; (3) using secondary research such as books, journals, printed articles, and online sources. The researcher makes an answer by analyzing the collected data. The program strategy of the Kompas TV was interesting to be analyzed considering the positive results where the rating and share of Kompas TV were better than Metro TV during the 2019 presidential election.
CITRA DAN KOMUNIKASI WANITA PEROKOK DI JAKARTA
Authors: Ariestyani Arleen
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of smokers in Indonesia continues to increase and is worrying. In 2017 there are 6.3 million active smokers. During the last fve years female smokers increased by 400 percent and were the highest achievement in the world, including in Indonesia, and most women smokers were of productive age, ie 13 years to 40 years. For women who smoke they have symbols that contain meaning. Symbols are used to communicate between those who unwittingly cause rules in fellow smokers so that they can be understood when communicating. This study aims to determine the relationship between Image and Communication in women smokers in Jakarta and to identify the motives of women smokers in Jakarta. This study uses a qualitative approach in data collection, with the type of research in the form of case studies. Interviews were used to obtain knowledge about relationships resulting from the Image and Communication of Women smokers and the motives of women smokers. The research criteria determined were active smokers, smoking more than 5 years, productive age, in the city of Jakarta. Many of the smokers still think of several things such as Indonesian culture which is still a bit taboo for women smoking and a lot of community assessments about women smoking themselves. In the communication side of women smokers have 2 parts of the category how they interact with others, they share friendships with other people based on the person smoking or not smoking, this is to respect people who do not like smoking.
Capital Structure, Profitability, Firm Size and Corporate Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Indonesia Palm Oil Companies
Authors: Prabowo Ilham Condro
Published: January 2021

This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of capital structure, profitability and firm size on coporate tax avoidance. The dependent variable used in this study was tax avoidance proxied by the effective tax rate (ETR), and the independent variable was capital structure (DER), profitability (ROA), and firm size. The population in this study were palm oil companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period 2007-2018. The samples consist of 4 palm oil companies by using purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used in this research was multiple linier regression analysis. The result shows that capital structure and profitability have positive effect on tax avoidance, while firm size have no effect on tax avoidance.
Analisa Semiotik Terhadap Ragam Hias Rumah di Daerah Between Two Gates, Kampung Alun-Alun, Kotagede
Authors: Felix John
Published: January 2021

Indonesia consists of diverse cultures that have interesting backgrounds. One of them is Javanese culture which until now can be seen through one of them is decorative ornaments from several old houses in the Kotagede area of Jogjakarta. Traditional artists express aesthetic values and communicate messages through the design of house ornaments. This research attempts to read the message implied through home decoration in Kotagede, Jogjakarta with the semiotic method. When traditional artists make decorative ornaments, it seems he is giving a message through visual images or carving. This message seems to originate from their view of life as a result of their interaction with the environment which gives them a way to not only survive but also develop.
Acculturation in Culture Site Kelenteng Cu An Kiong - Lasem Viewed from Architectural and Decoration Angle
Authors: Pradhana Randy Indra , Dianti Ananda , Paulina Agnes
Published: January 2021

The entry of the influence of various foreign cultures in Indonesia can be seen in various aspects of cultural products. One of the things we can see is that there are a lot of cultural sites built in various regions that are influenced by foreign cultures. Cu An Kiong Temple in Lasem, Central Java is one of them. The research proposed in this proposal has a specific target to examine more deeply the influence of Chinese culture which is applied in the architectural style of the Cu An Kiong temple cultural site, with a long-term goal of cultural preservation in Indonesia which has experienced acculturation with local local culture. The research method was carried out by direct observation at the location, visual documentation and making notes about the architectural style used, and using literature
Lahir dan Berkembangnya Trend Instagram Brow di Industri Kecantikan
Authors: Earlene Maria Margaretha
Published: January 2021

An eyebrow makeup trend called Instagram Brow (InstaBrow) with 253,388 #instabrows uploads and 35,572 #instabrow uploads on Instagram. This study analyzes the background and definition of instabrow. The Netnography method used for this qualitative research because of its relation to the internet and ethnography (Kozinets, 2010). The data collection is done through the Sprinklr application, as well as observations on Instagram uploads, and the involvement of researchers as beauty influencers on Instagram. Discourse Analysis is used to compare the data with interview articles on popular news media websites about annual eyebrow trends. Instabrow is influenced by the method of eyebrow formation with the Golden Ratio principle from Anastasia Soare. Anastasia Beverly Hills (ABH), her makeup brand, though it doesn’t promote #instabrows, ABH is often mentioned along with the hashtag. Beauty businesses that promote the term “Instabrow” are Microblading services, provide semi-permanent eyebrows the consumer desire. The goal is for consumers who want beautiful eyebrows without having the need to waste time or energy every day. Celebrities such as Kylie Jenner with her distinctive eyebrow makeup helped with the popularity of Instabrow. Jenner now benefits from the trend by launching a variety of her eyebrow makeup products. Many professional makeup artists predicted the end of the instabrow trend since 2014, while even now the trend has not yet ended. Variations began to emerge, but the instabrow trend remains, even reached its peak in September 2018. The main reason makeup enthusiasts love it is how it is attractive in photos. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of the beauty industry regarding the phenomenon of instabrow trends on Instagram.
Museums and Tourism: Reengineering The Role Of Museums In Malaysia’s Cultural Heritage Tourism
Authors: SER ShawHong
Published: January 2021

Since 2013, cultural heritage tourism has been identified as a new segment to be developed by the Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board (MTPB). Today, the sector has undergone rapid growth and have a great impact on Malaysia’s tourism industry, as well as bring prospects for developing museum tourism in Malaysia. In this paper, to respond on the research scholarly interest in cultural management. The researcher discusses the roles of the museum to sustainable cultural heritage tourism growth with a special focus on challenges faces by Malaysia’s museum sector in developing museum tourism. Over the years, many researches have been done, and still researching by scholars on the need for cultural resource management placing focus on the role they take towards cultural economic development. The purpose of this research, among others, is to explore how museums in Malaysia could be more effectively utilized for museum tourism and to make suggestions for better utilization of the museum sector for cultural heritage tourism development. It is hoped that this paper will provide insights into an understanding of cultural heritage tourism in Malaysia with an emphasis on crisis and opportunity in developing museum tourism.
Talent Mobility Program: Diagnostic Process and Facilitating Systemic Change at the Telkom Group
Authors: Situmorang Soraya Agustina , Laurentius Lelo Yosep , Hartono Hendry
Published: January 2021

This study aims to understand that the talent mobility program in the Telkom group is a strategy, process and practice of human resources. This qualitative study evaluates the talent mobility program with the 2017-2019 CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model in the Telkom Group. Data were collected through document studies, observations, questionnaires, FGDs from former program participants, program participants, and in-depth interviews with Telkom Group Human Capital Management Director, TELKOMSEL Vice President People Development, Telkom Indonesia International Finance & Human Capital Director, and Chair of the Trade Unions Telkom Group. Analysis and interpretation of data shows that (1) the program contributes to assessing the effects of the human resource strategy on the Telkom Group's business strategy; (2) The program has dynamic planning and human resource control so that it is integrated with the business strategy and critical position in the Telkom Group; (3) The program is a method of accounting for human resources, namely the calculation of investments made to recruit, evaluate and train the potential of top talent to create a sustainable competitive advantage of the Telkom Group; and (4) The talent pool system in the program serves to accommodate the recognition of the needs, goals, and achievements of the top talent in the Telkom Group. The findings lead to a recommendation that the long-term organization availability of the Telkom Group depends on this talent mobility program. This is because the talent mobility program is a diagnostic process and facilitates systemic change in the Telkom Group through human capital.
Framework for the Design Engineering and Clinical Implementation and Evaluation of mHealth Apps for Sleep Disturbance: Systematic Review
Authors: Aji Melissa , Gordon Christopher , Stratton Elizabeth , Calvo Rafael A , Bartlett Delwyn , Grunstein Ronald , Glozier Nick
Published: January 2021

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps offer a scalable option for treating sleep disturbances at a population level. However, there is a lack of clarity about the development and evaluation of evidence-based mHealth apps.

Objective

The aim of this systematic review was to provide evidence for the design engineering and clinical implementation and evaluation of mHealth apps for sleep disturbance.

Methods

A systematic search of studies published from the inception of databases through February 2020 was conducted using 5 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and CINAHL).

Results

A total of 6015 papers were identified using the search strategy. After screening, 15 papers were identified that examined the design engineering and clinical implementation and evaluation of 8 different mHealth apps for sleep disturbance. Most of these apps delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I, n=4) or modified CBT-I (n=2). Half of the apps (n=4) identified adopting user-centered design or multidisciplinary teams in their design approach. Only 3 papers described user and data privacy. End-user acceptability and engagement were the most frequently assessed implementation metrics. Only 1 app had available evidence assessing all 4 implementation metrics (ie, acceptability, engagement, usability, and adherence). Most apps were prototype versions (n=5), with few matured apps. A total of 6 apps had supporting papers that provided a quantitative evaluation of clinical outcomes, but only 1 app had a supporting, adequately powered randomized controlled trial.

Conclusions

This is the first systematic review to synthesize and examine evidence for the design engineering and clinical implementation and evaluation of mHealth apps for sleep disturbance. The minimal number of apps with published evidence for design engineering and clinical implementation and evaluation contrasts starkly with the number of commercial sleep apps available. Moreover, there appears to be no standardization and consistency in the use of best practice design approaches and implementation assessments, along with very few rigorous efficacy evaluations. To facilitate the development of successful and evidence-based apps for sleep disturbance, we developed a high-level framework to guide researchers and app developers in the end-to-end process of app development and evaluation.
Comparative efficacy of dabrafenib + trametinib versus treatment options for metastatic melanoma in first-line settings
Authors: Wu Jing , Das Jaydeep , Kalra Manik , Ratto Barbara
Published: January 2021

Aim:
The objective was to systematically review the literature and assess the relative efficacy of agents approved in first-line settings via network meta-analysis.
Materials & methods:
A literature review was conducted via searching different medical databases. The eligibility criteria included Phase II or III randomized controlled trials that had enrolled treatment-naive adult patients with advanced/metastatic melanoma.
Results:
The network meta-analysis results suggested that dabrafenib + trametinib significantly prolongs the survival outcomes compared with the monotherapies and had comparable efficacy profile compared with encorafenib + binimetinib and cobimetinib + vemurafenib. In comparison with immunotherapies, the results varied for progression-free survival and overall survival. 
Conclusion:
Long-term survival data of dabrafenib + trametinib establishes the combination as one of the preferred treatment options for previously untreated melanoma patients.
Ketidakpuasan tubuh dan internalisasi media pada remaja
Authors: Hartati Paramita , Novianty Anita
Published: January 2021

Objektif: Pesan yang disampaikan oleh media mengenai bentuk tubuh kurus dan atletis yang dianggap sebagai tubuh ideal dan dijadikan sebagai prinsip penampilan dapat meningkatkan ketidakpuasan terhadap tubuh pada remaja. Ketidakpuasan tubuh merupakan perasaan dan pikiran negatif seseorang terhadap bentuk dan ukuran tubuhnya yang banyak dialami oleh remaja perempuan serta berdampak negatif (kecemasan dan depresi). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan pesan yang disampaikan oleh media pada remaja.Metode: Merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan Body Dissatisfaction Scale dan Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale-3 sebagai instrumen alat ukur. Partisipan penelitian merupakan kelompok remaja dengan jumlah partisipan 188 orang (43 laki-laki, 145 perempuan) dengan rentang usia 18-24 tahun.Temuan: Terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan internalisasi media.Kesimpulan: Dapat menjadi acuan dalam membentuk program prevensi terhadap ketidakpuasan tubuh dengan merefleksikan diri dan membuka sudut pandang baru mengenai hal positif yang dimiliki oleh orang dengan berbagai bentuk tubuh, serta menyediakan konten, iklan dan sampul produk yang memberikan makna positif terhadap berbagai bentuk tubuh.
DIGITAL TOOLS AND PAPER-AND-PENCIL IN SOLVING-AND-EXPRESSING: HOW TECHNOLOGY EXPANDS A STUDENT’S CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF A COVARIATION PROBLEM
Authors: Jacinto Hélia , Carreira Susana
Published: January 2021

This study aims at understanding the role of the tools chosen throughout the processes of solving a non-routine mathematical problem and communicating its solution. In assuming that problem-solving is a synchronous activity of mathematization and expression of mathematical thinking we take our proposed Mathematical Problem Solving with Technology (MPST) model to analyze the processes of solving-and-expressing-problems. Resorting to qualitative methods for data collection and analysis, we report on the case of an 8th grader working on a covariation problem to examine the role that paper-and-pencil and digital tools play in the development of a conceptual model of the situation. We found that the resources used throughout the solving-and-expressing activity influenced the depth of the conceptual model developed, within a process of progressive mathematization. Whereas paper-and-pencil led to the emergence of a conceptual model based on exploring particular cases, the digital transformation of the solution was triggered by the process of communicating its mathematical justification and expanded the previous model. Moreover, the complexity of this activity is evidenced by its multiple sequences of processes. Finally, the integration process seems crucial as the concomitant use of technological and mathematical resources precedes major advancements in the expansion of the conceptual model.
Ação entre amigos: relações entre banqueiros do bicho e milícias nas disputas político-econômicas da contravenção
Authors: Labronici Rômulo Bulgarelli
Published: January 2021

O mercado de jogos de apostas ilegais no Rio de Janeiro possui diversas formas de ser abordado. Neste trabalho, busca-se compreender e analisar a relação entre dois grupos distintos, porém complementares, denominados de banqueiros do jogo do bicho e milicianos que administram com mãos de ferro o monopólio desse mercado.  Disputas por esse controle envolve a produção de alianças voláteis que se consolidam e se desfazem à medida que os interesses político-econômicos se voltam para a dominação territorial de partes da cidade. Respeitando estruturas hierárquicas e disciplinares, o mercado adquiriu formas empresariais de manter-se lucrativo a partir de valores comuns entre tais os grupos. Além disso, as relações de parentesco e afinidade explicitam o modo com o qual os controles do jogo encontram-se circunscritos entre pequenos grupos inserindo a prática do apadrinhamento como peça inerente a estrutura macropolítica desse mercado.
Memes de pessoas idosas no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19: estereótipos e simulacros (Memes of elderly people in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic: stereotypes and simulacra)
Authors: Brunelli Anna Flora
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho, considerando a relevância de se refletir sobre representações de grupos minoritários, analisamos um conjunto de memes que retratam pessoas idosas no contexto da pandemia de Convid-19. Para tanto, adotamos o aparato teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso e, também, algumas teses de Psicologia Social sobre a questão dos estereótipos. A análise revela que os memes se valem de um estereótipo negativo das pessoas idosas, isto é, o do “velho teimoso”, que pode ser considerado como simulacro do discurso dos próprios idosos em defesa de sua autonomia, evidenciando, desse modo, o vínculo que há entre alguns estereótipos e certas formações discursivas, no interior das quais emergem na qualidade de simulacros.
Do lugar de pastora ao lugar de ministra: percurso de um enunciado atribuído a Damares Alves (From the shepherd’s place to the minister’s place: the course of an enunciation attributed to Damares Alves)
Authors: Silva Edvania Gomes da , Silva Alessandra Sousa
Published: January 2021

Analisamos o funcionamento discursivo do enunciado “Eu vi Jesus num pé de goiaba”, proferido por Damares Alves, Ministra da Mulher, da Família e dos Direitos Humanos. Para tanto, mostramos a circulação deste enunciado na Internet. As discussões teórico-metodológicas situam-se nos trabalhos de Maingueneau, Pêcheux e Paveau. Os resultados indicam que as análises discursivas ajudam a explicar aspectos sócio-históricos, relacionados, por exemplo, ao funcionamento da memória discursiva, mas também é preciso estar atento ao funcionamento dos fatores linguístico-enunciativos, por exemplo, a forma como o enunciado é retomado, pois a relação entre esses fatores contribui para o estudo da ética discursiva.
Allergen immunotherapy: the growing role of observational and randomised trial “real-world evidence”
Authors: Paoletti Giovanni , Bona Danilo Di , Chu Derek , Firinu Davide , Heffler Enrico , Agache Ioana , Jutel Marek , Klimek Ludger , Pfaar Oliver , Mosges Ralph , DunnGalvin Audrey , Genuneit Jon , Hoffmann Hans Jürgen , Canonica Giorgio Walter
Published: January 2021

Although there is a considerable body of knowledge about allergen
immunotherapy (AIT), there is a lack of data on the reliability of
real-world evidence (RWE) in AIT and consequently, a lack of information
on how AIT effectively works in real life. To address the current unmet
need for an appraisal of the quality of RWE in AIT, the European Academy
of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Methodology Committee recently
initiated a systematic review of observational studies of AIT, which
will use the RELEVANT tool and the Grading of Recommendations
Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach (GRADE) to rate the
quality of the evidence base as a whole. The next step will be to
develop a broadly applicable, pragmatic “real-world” database using
systematic data collection. Based on the current RWE base, and
perspectives and recommendations of authorities and scientific
societies, a hierarchy of RWE in AIT is proposed, which places pragmatic
trials and registry data at the positions of highest level of evidence.
There is a need to establish more AIT registries that collect data in a
cohesive way, using standardised protocols. This will provide an
essential source of real-world data that can be easily shared, promoting
evidence-based research and quality improvement in study design and
clinical decision-making.
100 Years after Suffrage: Just How Far Have Women Come?
Authors: Wilson Laura
Published: January 2021

Women earned the right to vote 100 years ago with the ratification of the 19th Amendment, effectively ending the suffrage movement that had transpired over generations. Their hard-won victory doubled the American electorate and provided women with an essential right of citizenship of which they had long been deprived. Not all women were welcomed at the polling place, though, and the exclusion of women of color, particularly in the Jim Crow South, revealed yet another barrier to eventually be struck down. In the 100 years since women earned their right to vote, they have begun “outvoting” their male counterparts and emerged as candidates for office in every branch and at every level of government. Despite great success, women are still underrepresented in public office, however. This article examines the role of women in politics from the decades prior to suffrage to the months leading up to the 2020 election and reminds us that although women have made tremendous strides, there is still a long way to go.
Elfrieda Lang: The Difficult Career Path of a German American Female Indiana Historian
Authors: Bigelow Bruce
Published: January 2021

Despite not going to high school, a German American woman became a major published history scholar, an assistant editor of the state history journal, and curator of special collections at a prestigious library in an era of patriarchy in the American history profession.
Colorectal Liver Metastasis
Authors: Kadera Brian E , D’Angelica Michael
Published: January 2021

Metastatic colorectal cancer isolated to the liver is a common clinical presentation in the United States, occurring in an estimated 50,000 patients per year. Unlike most stage IV malignancies, surgery is an effective mainstay of therapy. In the past several decades, novel surgical approaches, improved systemic chemotherapy, and locoregional therapies such as ablation and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy have broadened the indications for resection. At the same time, advances in perioperative care and adoption of parenchymal-sparing surgical techniques have lowered the perioperative mortality of liver resection to approximately 1%. Surgical cure is possible and using 10-year disease-free survival as a definition, this can be achieved in approximately 20 to 30% of well-selected patients. The majority of patients recur; thus, active surveillance is appropriate to identify patients for potential salvage therapy, including in some cases repeat resections and/or ablation, which is associated with prolonged survival and potential cure. More research is needed in biomarker drivers of prognosis, as there are few reliable clinicopathologic indicators to identify those in whom surgery will not benefit.

This review contains 7 figures, 7 tables, and 90 references.
Key Words: colorectal cancer, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, hepatic arterial infusion, hepatic resection, liver remnant, microwave ablation, portal vein ligation, ALPPS
Delirium In The Emergency Department: Diagnosis, Evaluation, And Management
Authors: Kennedy Maura
Published: January 2021

Delirium, an acute confusional state characterized by disturbances in attention, cognition, and arousal, is present in 7 to 10% of older emergency department (ED) patients, underdiagnosed in the ED setting, and associated with increased short-term mortality. Delirium is typically precipitated by a physiologic stressor, such as an acute medical illness, a new medication, or a change in environment. The keys to the care and management of delirious patients are timely diagnosis of delirium and identification and treatment of the precipitating cause. The medical evaluation should include a formal delirium assessment that includes tests of attention and targeted diagnostic tests to identify the underlying etiology, such as infection, metabolic derangement, neurologic emergencies, new medications, and/or toxidromes. Pharmacologic treatment of delirium should be limited to patients who are severely agitated and at risk for substantial harm to self and/or others and patients with delirium secondary to alcohol withdrawal. Typical and atypical psychotics at low doses are first line for use in severely agitated patients. Benzodiazepines may worsen delirium and should be reserved for treatment of patients with delirium secondary to alcohol withdrawal or if sedation is required for critical imaging and/or procedures. ED physicians should also be conscious of and strive to minimize iatrogenic precipitants of delirium.
 
This review contains 2 figures, 10 tables and 53 references
Key words: aged, agitation, arousal attention, confusion, delirium, delirium/diagnosis, delirium/etiology, delirium/therapy, dementia complications, geriatrics, risk factors
Abdominal Trauma and Complications
Authors: Aunchman Alia , Malhotra Ajai K
Published: January 2021

The abdomen, including pelvis, is injured in 10 to 15% of significantly injured patients: 80% by blunt and 20% by penetrating mechanisms. Abdominal injuries can be subtle and hence missed. The majority of injuries, if detected early, can be treated, and hence, delay in diagnosis or underappreciation of the severity of intra-abdominal injury is responsible for significant preventable morbidity and even mortality. The initial management is the same as any trauma patient, with the greatest threats to life addressed first. If the patient is in shock and the source is intra-abdominal, urgent laparotomy is indicated along with damage control resuscitation. If the patient remains in shock in the operating room, abbreviated damage control laparotomy should be pursued. In stable patients with penetrating mechanism, if the penetration extends into the peritoneal cavity, operative exploration to identify and address any injury is the safest approach; however, more selective approaches are increasingly being pursued. In stable patients with blunt mechanism, a thorough evaluation, usually including IV contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is pursued to diagnose, and equally importantly, exclude intra-abdominal injury. High-quality IV CECT has a very high negative predictive value for intra-abdominal injuries. In stable patients, injuries to spleen, liver, and kidney, irrespective of grade, are managed nonoperatively with or without angioembolization. Lower-grade pancreatic injuries are managed nonoperatively or with drainage, whereas higher-grade injuries (involving major ducts) usually require resection. Majority of gastrointestinal hollow viscus injuries are managed with repair, resection with anastomosis or diversion. Delays as short as 8 hours in definitive management of such injuries increase morbidity and mortality. Intra and retro peritoneal genitourinary injuries are repaired and extraperitoneal ones are managed without surgery. Retroperitoneal hematomas are managed based on mechanism, stability, and location. Abdominal trauma is associated with a host of complications that need to be detected early and managed appropriately to prevent delayed morbidity and mortality.
This review contains 5 figures, 6 tables, and 60 references.
Key Words: abdomen, complications, damage control, diaphragm, hollow viscus, trauma, solid organ, retroperitoneum
Burn Resuscitation
Authors: Gibran Nicole , Mandell Samuel P , Chin Theresa L.
Published: January 2021

Resuscitation of adult patients with burn size greater than 20% total body surface area (TBSA) and pediatric patients with burn size greater than 15% TBSA is essential for early survival due to the fluid shifts that occur after injury. After the primary and secondary survey, burn resuscitation is different from resuscitation from other types of shock because it is based on continuous fluid administration. Judicious use of fluids reduces fluid creep and complications of over-resuscitation. Accurate estimation of TBSA will improve the use of crystalloids. Furthermore, inhalation injury, chemical injury, electrical injury, and preexisting comorbidities can complicate resuscitation of these patients. Although crystalloids are the mainstay of therapy, adjuncts to resuscitation such as colloids, plasma exchange, and high-dose vitamin C have been considered to reduce complications of over-resuscitation or support patients who are refractory to typical resuscitation strategies in the initial period post injury. Wound care should never precede the primary and secondary survey and most often can wait until definitive care at a burn center.

This review contains 5 figures, 6 tables and 54 references
Key Words: burn, colloid, crystalloid, failing resuscitation, rescue therapy, resuscitation