bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of long-term oncological outcomes after central lumpectomy versus nipple-sparing breast-conserving surgery for centrally located breast cancer: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Hwang Yung-Huyn , Yoo Tae-Kyung , Lee Sae Byul , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Kim Hee Jeong , Ko Beom Seok , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho
Published: October 2023

Purpose
To compare the oncological safety of nipple-sparing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) versus central lumpectomy for centrally located breast cancer (CLBC).
Methods
Patients who underwent BCS for CLBC at Asan Medical Center from 2007 to 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The oncological outcomes of nipple-sparing BCS (NS-BCS) and central lumpectomy were compared using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and compared again after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM).
Results
The study included 309 patients who underwent NS-BCS and 107 patients who underwent central lumpectomy (median follow-up: 111 months). On multivariate analysis, central lumpectomy had a lower risk of local recurrence compared to NS-BCS, albeit without statistical significance (HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.02–1.23, p = 0.078). There was no significant difference in the risk of death (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.03–1.70, p = 0.14). After PSM, each group had 107 patients. The 5-year and 10-year local recurrence-free survival rates were 96.2% and 94.8% for NS-BCS, and 99.1% and 99.1% for central lumpectomy, respectively (p = 0.059). There were no significant differences in overall survival, regional recurrence-free survival, or distant recurrence-free survival. Fifteen patients (4.9%) who underwent NS-BCS had ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), of which 40% were in the nipple-areolar complex and previous surgical sites. One patient (0.9%) who underwent central lumpectomy experienced an IBTR in a different quadrant.
Conclusion
NS-BCS showed more local recurrence than central lumpectomy, albeit without statistical significance. When deciding whether to spare the nipple during BCS in CLBC, patients should be sufficiently informed about the risk of IBTR.
Trends in Head and Neck Cancer incidence in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between 1995-2015
Authors: Deutsch Fiona , Pham Dung , Hien Nguyen Dinh , Nguyen Tuan , Tran Ngoc , Sais Dayna , Tran Nham
Published: October 2023

Background In Southeast Asia, the epidemiological profile of Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) remains under-researched. This study delineates the incidence and subtype-specific burdens of HNC in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996–2015).Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective analysis using the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry. The study estimated the 5-year point incidence for four HNC subtypes over 20 years. Age-standardised rates (ASR) were determined using national population metrics. Joinpoint regression analysis was executed to discern patterns over time.Results HNC incidence in Ho Chi Minh City escalated between 1996 and 2015, with nasopharyngeal and oral cancers demonstrating pronounced prevalence. Male diagnoses constituted 73%. The median age of HNC diagnosis in the Vietnamese cohort was approximately a decade earlier than global averages.Conclusions The marked variance in HNC trends in Ho Chi Minh City from global patterns underscores the urgency for implementing effective healthcare strategies in Vietnam.
Quantifying the Role of Insurance in Tornado-impacted Community Recovery: A Survey and Simulation-based Approach
Authors: Zhao Jie , Lee Ji Yun , Yan Guirong Grace , Ma Fangjiao
Published: October 2023

Insurance against disasters plays a critical role in community recovery by providing policyholders with reliable and timely payments for repairing or reconstructing damaged houses. By allowing homeowners to transfer risk, insurance enables homeowners to repair or reconstruct damaged houses without experiencing significant financial hardship. Although historical events have highlighted the importance of insurance, its quantitative impact on community recovery, particularly in tornado-impacted communities, is understudied. This study focuses on advancing our understanding of whether sufficiently insured houses can have a positive impact on the recovery of tornado-impacted communities (i.e., the main research question). This paper proposes a two-stage simulation framework to quantitatively evaluate the effects of insurance on community recovery. In the first stage of the framework, we developed statistical models to estimate homeowners’ insurance decisions prior to a tornado event. In the second stage, we examined the effects of insurance on various aspects of community recovery. All the empirical and statistical models within the framework were developed based on the data collected from online surveys targeting residents whose properties were damaged by the tornadoes that occurred in May 2019 in the United States. Finally, the proposed simulation framework was applied to the City of Dayton, Ohio following those May 2019 tornado events to address the main research question. The results of the simulation concluded that sufficiently insured houses can have a positive impact on community recovery and highlighted the need for effective policies and economic incentives to encourage individuals to purchase insurance.
Oncomelania lorelindoensis: the intermediate host of Sulawesi’s Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Nelwan Martin
Published: October 2023

Purpose: In this study, I report a study of the genus Oncomelania focused on Schistosoma japonicum and Oncomelania lorelindoensis as the intermediate hosts of Sulawesi schistosomiasis japonica, their distributions in Sulawesi, and control of O. lorelindoensis.
Principal results: Proto-Oncomelania originated in eastern Indonesia, Sulawesi. It spread to the Philippines, Japan, and China, and then gave rise to Oncomelania. It is the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. The genus Oncomelania comprises five species: Oncomelania hupensis, O. lorelindoensis (formerly O. hupensis lindoensis), O. minima, O. robertsoni, and O. quadrasi. Oncomelania lorelindoensis is the intermediate host of Sulawesi S. japonicum. It occurs in and around the Lore Lindu National Park: the Bada Valley, the Lindu Valley, and the Napu Valley, Central Sulawesi. This organism may have prevailed in the Kulawi Valley and the Palu Valley of Central Sulawesi Province. Control of O. lorelindoensis can use mechanic techniques, molluscicides, and genetic manipulation techniques.
Conclusions: Oncomelania lorelindoensisoccurs in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: the Bada Valley, the Lindu Valley, and the Napu Valley. It may also have expanded to other areas around Lore Lindu National Park. This organism is the intermediate host of Sulawesi S. japonicum.
Effects of low-dose Esketamine on postoperative analgesia and sleep quality in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Wei Qiufeng , Wang binbin , Feng sisi , Dai weixin , Lin cheng xin , He wen zheng
Published: October 2023

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is widely acknowledged as the primary treatment for end-stage joint diseases.Perfect postoperative analgesia can significantly decrease the incidence of adverse complications after hip replacement.We hypothesized that administering Esketamine in patient-controlled analgesia after hip replacement can alleviate postoperative pain and improve sleep quality in patients.
Methods: We recruited 72 patients undergoing unilateral total hip arthroplasty under combined general and peripheral nerve block anaesthesia. The patients were assigned to either the F-D group (fentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine，n=34) or the Es-D group (Esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine，n=38) using a random number table method. The primary outcome measures included the time to the first use of rescue analgesics and the dose of rescue analgesics.
Results: Patients in the Es-D group had a significantly shorter time to request the first postoperative rescue analgesic than those in the F-D group (P＜0.05). The dose of rescue analgesics used in the Es-D group was considerably lower than that in the F-D group (P＜0.05).The two groups had no significant differences in postoperative sleep quality and adverse reactions. However, four cases of urinary retention were observed in the F-D group, which was significantly higher than in the Es-D group (P＜0.05).
Conclusion: Esketamine provided a better analgesic effect than fentanyl and did not increase postoperative adverse reactions but can not improve the sleep quality for patients.
Trial registration:The clinical trial was registered at the China Clinical Trial Registration Center on 24/02/2021. (ChiCTR2100043649).http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=122393.
Iconographic validation of the Bristol scale in patient with neurological diseases
Authors: Dekimeche Inès , Grasland Matthieu , Jolu Anna , Essid Dalel , Chesnel Camille , Haddad Rebecca , Breton Frédérique Le , Miget Gabriel , Amarenco Gérard
Published: October 2023

Introduction :
The Bristol Stool Scale, published by Heaton et al. in 1988 in a population of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, is a self-assessment tool to estimate stool appearance and therefore the transit time.
It is a widely used scale recommended in the 2016 ROME IV criteria to diagnose chronic constipation.
Although initially validated in a large population of patients with gastrointestinal disorders, its specific evaluation in a population suffering from neurological diseases has never been validated.
Methods :
Subjects were asked to orally categorize nine color photos of stool with various consistencies, viewed on a computer screen, according to the Bristol scale that was provided to them in paper and in color. Then, they were asked about the comprehension of the scale, its acceptability, its completeness, and the difficulty to position themselves on a single category.
The primary endpoint was the agreement of subjects’ responses by the intraclass agreement coefficient (ICC) on the scoring of a sample of stool photographs by the Bristol scale.
Secondary end points were comprehension, acceptability and appropriateness collected during qualitative interviews with subjects.
Results:
The calculated intra-class correlation index was 0.92. For the stool photographs at the extremities of the scale (Bristol 1 and 7) all subjects responses were the same.
The scale was considered as not difficult to be understood and well accepted in the population.
Conclusion :
The Bristol scale can be used in subjects with neurological diseases, as it is well understood and accepted by this population. It can be helpful in the management of rehabilitation and medical treatment of constipation and/or fecal incontinence observed in this population.
High expression of RTEL1 predicates worse progression in gliomas and promotes tumorigenesis through JNK/ELK1 cascade
Authors: Wang Guanjie , Ren Xiaojuan , Li Jianying , Cui Rongrong , Zhao Xumin , Sui Fang , Liu Juan , Chen Pu , Yang Qi , Ji Meiju , Hou Peng , Gao Ke , Qu Yiping
Published: October 2023

Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor. The maintenance of telomeres serve as an important biomarker of glioma subtypes. However, the biological role of the maintenance of telomere length gene regulator of telomere length 1 (RTEL1) in glioma remains unclear. Thus, we use quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot to determine RTEL1 expression in a cohort of glioma patients. And the biological functions of RTEL1 in glioma cells were then examined by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. We observed that the expression of RTEL1 is positively correlated with telomere length in glioma tissue, and serve as a poor prognostic factor in TERT wild-type patients. Functional assays demonstrate that RTEL1 plays an oncogene role in glioma cell lines. In addition, RNA sequence and microarray assays were taken to identify its downstream targets. We identified phosphorylation of JNK/ELK1 signaling might be one of the mechanisms regulated by RTEL1 in glioma cells. In conclusion, Our results suggested that RTEL1 promotes glioma tumorigenesis through JNK/ELK1 cascade and indicate that RTEL1 may be a prognostic biomarker in gliomas.
Algorithms for treatment of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) based on Modified and Abbreviated Finnegan Symptom Score
Authors: Kraft Walter , Maisel Brenton , Adeniyi-Jones Susan , Selvage Eric , Ng Samuel , Chervoneva Inna
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Chervoneva et al (2020) developed an abbreviated score (sMNAS-9) for evaluating NOWS symptoms. We sought to develop NOWS treatment algorithms for clinical decision rules based on sMNAS-9 instead of the full modified Finnegan MOTHER NAS scale (MNAS) scores.
STUDY DESIGN:
This was a retrospective study of 373 infants with NOWS treated with morphine between 2007–2016. The infants were randomly split into training/test sets. The training set was used to derive cutoff values for sMNAS-9 scores for optimal sensitivities and specificities. The independent test set evaluated the agreement of the clinical decision rules based on sMNAS-9 with full MNAS in NOWS morphine and buprenorphine treatment algorithms.
RESULT
Clinical decision rules based on sMNAS-9 yielded sensitivities of 88% or higher and specificities of 85% or higher for predicting the respective rules based on full MNAS.
CONCLUSION
The sMNAS-9 scoring instrument is expected to yield similar clinical decisions in treatment of NOWS
Triaging Effect of High-Risk HPV Genotyping on Women with Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance in Rural China
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Hao Yubing , Niu Meili , Zheng Jie , Jia Xinhua , Zhang Shaokai , Wang Libing , Zhang Xun , Pan Qinjing , Feng Xiangxian , Qiao Youlin , Li Zhifang
Published: October 2023

Objective
We evaluated the diagnostic value of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotyping in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in rural China.
Methods
The subjects were women with ASC-US cytology who received cervical cancer screening in rural areas of Changzhi, China. Liquid-based cytology, HPV genotyping, and colposcopy were performed. Patients with positive colposcopy further underwent histopathological examination. Pathological diagnosis was the gold standard. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) on histology were endpoints. The sensitivity, specificity, area under the ROC curve, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and referral rate of different HR-HPV genotyping were calculated.
Results
Among the 571 enrolled women with ASC-US, the total positive rate of HR-HPV was 49.31%. Among the women with CIN2 + lesions, the positive rate of HR-HPV was 93.54%. Among several common combination models of genotyping, HPV16/18 had the highest specificity (90.19%) and positive predictive value (17.92%), and the lowest referral rate (12.78%) in women with ASC-US. Among all different HPV genotyping combinations, the sensitivity, negative predictive value, and the area under the ROC curve had no significant difference.
Conclusions
HPV16/18 is a cost-effective diagnostic triaging strategy for women with ASC-US in rural areas with a lack of medical resources and an underdeveloped economy.
Up-regulated mRNA expression of VEGFA receptors (FLT1 and KDR) in placentas after assisted reproductive technology fertilization
Authors: Mrozikiewicz Aleksandra E. , Kurzawińska Grażyna , Walczak Michał , Zielińska-Skrzypczak Marzena , Ożarowski Marcin , Jędrzejczak Piotr
Published: October 2023

Objective
Placental angiogenesis is a pivotal process for feto-maternal circulation and ensures efficient development of the placenta throughout pregnancy. Many factors during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer procedures may affect placental gene expression and fetus development. The present study aimed to identify differences in angiogenesis-related gene (VEGFA, FGF2, FLT1 and KDR) expression profiles in placentas after assisted reproductive technology fertilization and natural conception in healthy women.
Methods
In a case-control study, term placentas were collected from Caucasian women after assisted reproductive technology fertilization (N = 20) and after natural conception in women with uncomplicated pregnancy (N = 9). The mRNA expression in placentas was examined for VEGFA, FGF2, FLT1 and KDR genes by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Group stratification was performed for comparison of investigated genes between the type of embryo transferred (fresh/frozen), place of tissue donation (center/margin) and newborns’ gender (male/female).
Results
In the ART placentas significant down-regulation of VEGFA gene (p = 0.016) and up-regulation of FLT1 (p = 0.026) and KDR (p < 0.001) gene receptors were observed. Genes encoding VEGFA receptors were up-regulated in both fresh (ET) and frozen (FET) embryo transfer groups compared to controls. For the FLT1 gene a statistically significant difference was observed between the frozen embryo transfer group and the controls (p = 0.032). Relative expression of KDR was significantly higher for both embryo transfer groups compared to controls (p < 0.001) and between ET and FET (p = 0.002). No statistically significant differences were observed between placental expression in different places of tissue donation and newborns’ gender.
Conclusion
We observed differences in the placental expression of VEGFA and its receptors FLT1 and KDR in pregnancies after assisted reproductive technology compared to naturally conceived pregnancies. More research is needed to clarify these alterations that may affect placental development and fetal health.
Identification and Characterization of Achromobacter spanius P-9 and Elucidation of its Deoxynivalenol-Degrading Potential
Authors: Yao Feng , Du Yaowen , Tian Siyi , Chang Guoli , Zhang Yanping , Zhu Ruiyu , Cai Chenggang , Shao Suqin , Zhou Ting
Published: October 2023

Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses significant challenges due to its frequent contamination of grains and associated products. Microbial strategies for mitigating DON toxicity showed application potential. Eight bacterial isolates with DON degradation activity over 5% were obtained from various samples of organic fertilizer in this study. One of the isolates emerged as a standout, demonstrating a substantial degradation capability, achieving a 99.21% reduction in DON levels. This isolate, underwent thorough morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterization to confirm its identity, and was identified as a new strain of Achromobacter spanius P-9. Subsequent evaluations revealed that the strain P-9 retains its degradation activity after a 24-hour incubation, reaching optimal performance at 35°C with a pH of 8.0. Further studies indicated that Ca2+ ions enhance the degradation process, whereas Zn2+ ions exert an inhibitory effect. This is the pioneering report of DON degradation by Achromobacter spanius, illuminating its prospective utility in addressing DON contamination challenges.
A Novel Active Learning Approach for Improving Classification of Unlabeled Video Based on Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Salama Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Deep learning has made great strides in computer vision, but requires substantial labeled data. Manual video annotation is extremely laborious, as annotators must watch entire videos to provide accurate labels. Active learning reduces this effort by selectively querying the most informative examples for labeling. We introduce a unique active learning framework designed specifically for enhancing the efficiency of video classification. It minimizes annotator effort by identifying representative and informative frames, rather than full videos. Our batch selection approach pinpoints useful videos using uncertainty and diversity criteria. Representative sampling then extracts exemplar frames from each video. Annotators only need to label these frames, avoiding watching full videos. Experiments demonstrate our method successfully reduces human annotation cost for video classification. By querying informative, representative frames, it acquires crucial labels without needing exhaustive manual review of all data. We introduce an active learning technique specifically for alleviating the video annotation burden. By requesting labels for a small set of exemplar frames, it achieves high accuracy while minimizing human effort. This makes large-scale video classification more feasible.
Does matrilineality reduce gender inequality in Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) public participation? Some evidence from Malawi
Authors: Sibale Juwo Lwesya , Fischer Thomas B
Published: October 2023

This paper reports on Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) public participation in Malawi with a focus on the role of women from matrilineal and patrilineal marriage systems. Six rural ESIA projects are explored of which three are in areas of patrilineal and three are in areas of matrilineal systems. Participation space was found to be consistently dominated by men, with no obvious differences between both systems. The key reasons are likely to be lower educational and social status of women in rural areas throughout the country. This is associated with a number of challenges, including chronic poverty and food insecurity. Affirmative action is needed to achieve a better representation of women in ESIA processes.
Combination of percutaneous thermal ablation and adoptive Th9 cell transfer therapy against non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Pan Hanbo , Tian Yu , Pei Siyu , Yang Wanlin , Zhang Yanyang , Gu Zenan , Zhu Hongda , Zou Ningyuan , Zhang Jiaqi , Jiang Long , Hu Yingjie , Shen Shengping , Wang Kai , Jin Haizhen , Li Ziming , Zhang Yanyun , Xiao Yichuan , Luo Qingquan , Wang Hui , Huang Jia
Published: October 2023

Background
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the predominant malignancies globally. Percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) has gained widespread use among NSCLC patients, with the potential to elicit immune responses but limited therapeutic efficacies for advanced-stage disease. T-helper type 9 (Th9) cells are a subset of CD4+ effector T cells with robust and persistent anti-tumor effects. This study proposes to develop PTA-Th9 cell integrated therapy as a potential strategy for NSCLC treatment.
Methods
The therapeutic efficacies were measured in mice models with subcutaneously transplanted, recurrence, or lung metastatic tumors. The tumor microenvironments (TMEs) were evaluated by flow cytometry. The cytokine levels were assessed by ELISA. The signaling molecules were determined by quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The translational potential was tested in the humanized NSCLC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model.
Results
We find that PTA combined with adoptive Th9 cell transfer therapy substantially suppresses tumor growth, recurrence, and lung metastasis, ultimately extending the survival of mice with NSCLC grafts, outperforming both PTA and Th9 cell transfer monotherapy. Analysis of TMEs indicates that combinatorial therapy significantly augments tumor-infiltrating Th9 cells, boosts anti-tumor effects of CD8+ T cells, and remodels tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments. Moreover, combinatorial therapy significantly strengthens the regional and circulation immune response of CD8+ T cells in mice with tumor lung metastasis and induces peripheral CD8+ T effector memory cells in mice with tumor recurrence. Mechanically, PTA reinforces the anti-tumor ability of Th9 cells primarily through upregulating interleukin (IL)-1β and subsequently activating the downstream STAT1/IRF1 pathway, which could be effectively blocked by intercepting IL-1β signaling. Finally, the enhanced therapeutic effect of combinatorial therapy is validated in humanized NSCLC PDX models.
Conclusions
Collectively, this study demonstrates that combinatorial therapy displays robust and durable anti-tumor efficacy and excellent translational potential, offering excellent prospects for translation and emerging as a promising approach for NSCLC treatment.
Bone Metabolism Biomarkers after Parathyroidectomy: The Impact on Patient Survival
Authors: Zhang Weichen , Zhang Minmin , Wang Hongying , Mao Jianping , Qian Jing , Ni Li , Wang Mengjing , Chen Jing
Published: October 2023

Background
The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors from a series of bone metabolism indicators in perioperative period for long-term prognosis and develop a prediction model with internal validation among hemodialysis patients underwent parathyroidectomy.
Methods
This study was a single-center, retrospective cohort study in Huashan Hospital of Fudan University. Patients who underwent parathyroidectomy and followed for at least one year were enrolled and divided into development cohort and validation cohort. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to establish the prediction model for composite endpoint of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality and operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the cut-off value of each predictive variable.
Results
A total of 109 patients were enrolled. The averaged follow-up vintage was (51.67 ± 34.70) months. A total of 16 (14.7%) patients died and cardiovascular disease occurred in 15 (13.8%) patients. The final development and validation cohorts included 82 and 27 patients, respectively. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed age (OR = 1.086, P = 0.048, 95%CI = 1.001–1.179), △P which was defined as the difference between preoperative and the 7th-day postoperative serum phosphorus levels (OR = 2.665, P = 0.028, 95%CI = 1.111–6.397), 7th-day postoperative intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) of grafted arm (OR = 1.024, P = 0.036, 95%CI = 1.002–1.047) and 7th-day postoperative bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) (OR = 0.95, P = 0.04, 95%CI = 0.905–0.998) were correlated with CVD and all-cause mortality. △P which contributed to 36% of the total weights had the greatest impact on the endpoint.
Conclusion
Age, △P, 7th-day postoperative iPTH of grafted arm, 7th-day postoperative BAP can predict long-term cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients after parathyroidectomy.
Sensory phenotypes of chronic pain in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Spasova Arina P. , Mironov A. V. , Dorozhenko A. M. , Barysheva O. Yu. , Tikhova G. P.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Determining sensory phenotypes that reflect underlying pain mechanisms may be relevant for critically ill patients with chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the intensity, localization and sensory phenotypes of chronic pain in critically ill patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 99 critically ill patients. Inclusion criteria: age 18–75 years, length of stay in the ICU > 3 days, duration of mechanical ventilation > 48 hours, APACHE II score ≥ 7 points, obtaining informed consent. Localization, intensity, and qualitative characteristics of long-term (at least 6 months) pain associated with ICU stay were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory and the PainDetect Questionnaire, and the severity of anxiety and depression on the HADS scale. Before discharge, all patients underwent thermal quantitative sensory testing (CST) with assessment of cold detection thresholds and warm detection thresholds, paradoxical thermal sensations, cold pain thresholds and heat pain thresholds, conditioned pain modulation. RESULTS: After 6 months chronic pain syndrome developed in 59 % of patients. Data were obtained on the intensity, localization, and severity of the neuropathic and dysfunctional components of pain. When assessing the thermal parameters of QST, a statistically significant difference in the distribution of values for the thresholds of sensitivity to cold and heat was obtained between the group of patients with chronic pain and the group without pain (p < 0.0001) Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between changes in static and dynamic parameters of thermal sensory testing, the formation of an “irritated” and “deafferent” sensory phenotype depending on the duration of mechanical ventilation, stay in the ICU and assessment on the SOFA scale. CONCLUSIONS: sensory phenotypes make it possible to identify patients with dysfunction of small diameter fibers, impaired endogenous pain control mechanisms, which will allow selecting an individual program to pain relief.
Dynamics of organ dysfunction and inflammation markers in patients with septic shock during multimodal hemocorrection: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Rey S. I. , Kulabukhov V. V. , Popov A. Yu. , Nikitina O. V. , Berdnikov G. A. , Kim T. G. , Masolitin S. V. , Magomedov M. A. , Ignatenko O. V. , Krotenko N. P. , Marysheva A. N. , Chaus N. I. , Okhinko L. V. , Mendibaev M. S. , Chumachenko A. G. , Grechko A. V. , Pisarev Vladimir M.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Septic shock is the most serious complication in intensive care that associates with significant mortality. Extracorporeal hemocorrection may improve treatment of patients with septic shock. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the effect of hemocorrection with the multimodal adsorbent device Efferon LPS on the dynamics of organ dysfunction and inflammation markers in patients with septic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter randomized controlled study was conducted in four clinical organizations in the city of Moscow from March 2021 to May 2022. The study included 58 patients (29 men and 29 women) with septic shock. Randomization was performed in a ratio of 2:1 (hemoperfusion: control). Within 24 hours of enrollment in the study, selective hemoperfusion procedures were performed or standard therapy was used. Hemosorption using Efferon LPS was performed twice, with an interval of 24.5 (23.3–26.0) hours. RESULTS: The use of the multimodal selective hemosorbent Efferon LPS significantly reduced the severity of multiple organ failure (MOF) in patients with septic shock from 7 to 3 points on the SOFA scale after 72 hours by improving hemodynamics, respiratory and renal function. In contrast to the control group, in the Efferon LPS group, the levels of CRP, PCT and IL-6 significantly decreased in 72 hours. The severity of MOF significantly correlated with the level of CRP and PCT (Spearman’s r = 0.346 and r = 0.444, respectively). The duration of hospitalization in survived patients was 16.1 days and 30.1 days in the Efferon LPS and control group, respectively (p = 0.032). The need for a renal replacement therapy (RRT) in survivors by the 3rd day was significantly reduced only in the Efferon LPS group — from 73.7 to 33.3 %. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the selective hemosorbent Efferon LPS resulted in significant decreases the hallmarks of systemic inflammation, MOF and requirements for RRT in patients with septic shock.
Modifed Delphi analysis of the guidelines of the All-Russian public organization “Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists” “The use of non-invasive lung ventilation”
Authors: Dunts Pavel V. , Andreenko A. A. , Bautin A. E. , Grigoryev S. V. , Doroginin S. V. , Zamyatin M. N. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Lazarev V. V. , Leyderman I. N. , Lomivorotov V. V. , Potievskaya V. I. , Subbotin V. V. , Trembach N. V. , Fisher V. V. , Shifman E. M. , Shchegolev A. V. , Zabolotskikh I. B.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: The need for an independent assessment of the guidelines before their planned revision based on the third-party opinion of competent specialists is beyond doubt. This analysis allows to adapt the implementation of recommendations in practice, regarding equipment and knowledge of physicians. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness, safety and availability of implementation in clinical practice of the guidelines “Application of non-invasive lung ventilation” using the modified Delphi method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expertise consisted of three stages. The first stage consisted in the analysis of the guidelines “The use of non-invasive lung ventilation” and the preparation of a questionnaire. At the main stage, a questionnaire was sent out and panel members were asked to evaluate the positions using ten-point Likert scale. The analytical stage consisted in calculating the weighted average, median and mode. The weighted average score were taken into account; the value of the median or mode of criteria for the quality of medical care, weighted average. RESULTS: Fifteen panel members was enrolled. The main remarks and additions were to clarify the terminology, concretize certain recommendations and style. Panel members determined the possibility of implementing the recommendation of the guidelines in practice. The lack of equipment makes therapeutic measures limited. This fact confirms the low results of the weighted average assessment of the criteria for the quality of medical care. CONCLUSIONS: Consensus was reached on 20 of the 21 thesis recommendations, on four of the eight criteria for the quality of medical care, and on the amended wording of certain recommendations. The Delphi analysis made it possible to look at the implementation of the giudelines from the perspective of practicing anesthesiologist and intensive care physician, including in structural units with a low level of material and equipment.
Knowledge creation, knowledge impact and knowledge diffusion: how do they connect with higher education?
Authors: Dobrovolska Olena , Sonntag Ralph , Buschendorf Susan , Klimova Elena , Ortmanns Wolfgang
Published: October 2023

Knowledge-based economy causes changes in the higher education system: university graduates must have the ability to constantly learn and improve their skills, generate and disseminate new knowledge, form and multiply the knowledge capital of business. This paper aims to investigate a pairwise interconnection between higher education indicators and sets of parameters characterizing knowledge creation, impact, and diffusion. The following higher education indicators are used: expenditure on education, tertiary enrollment, graduates in science and engineering, tertiary inbound mobility, researcher, gross expenditure on R&D, top 3 global corporate R&D investors, top 3QS university ranking. Knowledge creation indicators are patents by origin, PCT patents by origin, utility models by origin, scientific and technical articles, citable documents, H-index. Knowledge impact is characterized through labor productivity growth, new businesses, software spending, ISO 9001 quality certificates, high-tech manufacturing. Knowledge diffusion parameters include intellectual property receipts, production and export complexity, high-tech exports, ICT services exports. The information base of the study is the data of the Global Innovation Index Report from the World Intellectual Property Organization for 40 European countries (selected depending on the availability of statistics) for 2022, research method – Canonical Correlation Analysis. The strongest positive correlation was found between higher education indicators and knowledge creation parameters. The second position takes connection between higher education indicators and knowledge diffusion parameters, the third – between higher education indicators and knowledge impact indicators. Among the higher education indicators, the most significant were gross expenditure on R&D, top 3 global corporate R&D investors, top 3 QS university ranking.
Cumhuriyet'ten Günümüze Siyasi Yönetimde Kadının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KARABETYAN Lina
Published: October 2023

Toplumsal kalkınmanın sağlanabilmesindeki en önemli unsurlardan biri de kadınların iş hayatında bulunuyor olmalarıdır. Bir toplumdaki kadınların iş yaşamına dahil edilmesiyle birlikte kadının aile ve toplum içerisindeki statüsünde ilerleme meydana gelmektedir. Bununla birlikte, kadınların çalışma yaşamında bulunmaları iktisadi büyümeye olumlu katkı sağlamakta, çeşitlilik ve yaratıcılığı artırarak iş yerlerinde daha yenilikçi ve verimli bir ortamın oluşmasına yardımcı olmaktadır. Ayrıca, cinsiyet eşitliğinin teşvik edilmesi, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin yeniden şekillenmesine ve daha adil bir toplum yapısının oluşmasına katkıda bulunur. Fakat, kadınların emek gücü piyasalarındaki bugünkü statülerine ulaşmaları yüzyıllarca süren oldukça güç çaba ve mücadelelerin bir ürünüdür. Cumhuriyet’ten günümüze, Türk kadınının siyasi yönetimde az temsil edilmesi, tarihsel, sosyal ve ekonomik faktörlere dayanmaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği oluşturmaya ilişkin duyarlılık ve algının söz konusu olduğu toplumlarda, bir taraftan toplumsal cinsiyet uçurumu daha da daralmakta, bir taraftan da kadınların siyasi yönetime katılımlarında artış gözlenmektedir. Türkiye’de kadınların siyasi yönetimde bulunma oranı yaklaşık olarak yüzde 20, bakanlıklarda ise yüzde 5 civarındadır. Finlandiya, Norveç, İsveç gibi kadın erkek eşitliğinin yaşandığı ülkelerde kadınların siyasette katılımı yüzde 50’nin üstündedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Cumhuriyet’ten günümüze siyasi yönetimde kadınların durumunun değerlendirilmesini yapmak ve siyasi yönetime katılımda engelleri ve çözüm önerilerini ortaya koymaktır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, Türk kadınının siyasi yönetimde temsil edilme oranının; tarihsel süreç içerisinde değişim göstermesine rağmen toplumsal normlar ve cinsiyet rollerinin etkisi, eğitim, siyasi parti yapıları ve ekonomik engeller gibi nedenlerle genel olarak düşük kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sorunun çözümü için toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğine dayalı yaklaşımların benimsenmesi ve bu alanda gerçekleştirilecek reformlarla kadınların siyasi hayatta daha aktif bir şekilde yer alması önemle vurgulanmalıdır.
Cumhuriyetin Yüzüncü Yılında Birleşmiş Milletler Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri Kapsamında Türkiye İşletmelerinde Cinsiyet Eşitliği ve Cam Tavan Sendromu
Authors: EDİNSEL Sercan , AKDEMİR Mehmet Alper
Published: October 2023

Günümüzdeki işletmeler, insan kaynaklarından sürdürülebilir bir şekilde faydalanabilmek için işgücünde cinsiyet eşitliğini sağlama konusuna önem göstermektedirler. Bu özen özellikle Birleşmiş Milletler yirminci yüzyılın sonlarına doğru dünyamızın temel sorunlarına çözüm sunmak adına bir reçete sunmaya ihtiyaç duyarak hazırlamış olduğu on yedi maddelik Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedeflerinin Türkiye tarafından kabul edilmesi ile daha da artmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin cam tavan sendromu açısından tüm dünya ülkeleri içindeki durumunu tespit etmek ve bunu yayımlanan istatistiki veriler ile açıklamaktır. Birleşmiş Milletlerin Sürdürebilirlik hedefleri beşinci maddesi kapsamında Türkiye’nin özellikle işgücünde cam tavan sendromu konusunda diğer Ekonomik İş birliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü ülkeleri içerisinde hâlihazırdaki durumu ve yıllara yönelik gösterdiği gelişmeler literatür taraması ve istatistiki verilerin incelenmesi ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada cam tavan sendromu kapsamındaki ikincil istatistiki veriler analiz edilmiş ve bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle dünya genelinde kullanılan Cam Tavan Endeksi ile Türkiye’nin diğer dünya ülkeleri içerisindeki durumu incelenmiştir. Buna ek olarak cam tavan sendromunun göstergesi olduğu değerlendirilen Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verilerinden ve Sabancı Üniversitesi Kurumsal Yönetim Kurulunca oluşturulan “Yönetim Kurulunda Kadın Türkiye Raporu” kapsamındaki veriler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin yüzüncü yılında “Cam Tavan Endeksi” içerisinde yer alan yirmi dokuz ülke arasında 2016-2023 yılları arasında sürekli olarak Ekonomik İş birliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü ortalamasının altında yirmi yedinci sırada yer almaktadır. Kadın büyükelçi sayısındaki artış ve kadın milletvekili oranındaki yükselme gibi olumlu gelişmeler de bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu gelişmelere rağmen istihdam alanındaki cinsiyet dengesizliği ve kadınların iş gücüne katılımını sınırlayan önemli engellerin hâlâ devam etmesi, ulusal düzeyde tam bir eşitliğe ulaşılamadığını göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda, cam tavan sendromunun hâlâ etkili olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise ülkemizde cam tavan sendromunun azaltılmasına yönelik görüş ve önerilere yer verilmiştir.
AL MAWARDI’S SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY (STUDY OF AL MAWARDI'S POLITICAL THOUGHT)
Authors: Maghfiroh Mauliana
Published: October 2023

As social beings, humans depend on each other to meet their needs and interests. For this reason, a definite regulatory structure (institutionalization) is needed to minimize and overcome various problems that arise. Al-Mawardi is one of the most interesting Islamic political thinkers to discuss. The basic concept of al-Mawardi's political thought is the origin of the social contract theory. Through qualitative research methods through literature studies, this article will discuss al-Mawardi's social contract theory based on his political thoughts. The discussion in this article starts from a discussion of al-Mawardi's biography, al-Mawardi's main thoughts regarding the state and leadership, as well as the relationship between the ruler and the people which later became the social contract theory.
RENEWAL CONCEPT OF ISLAM AND ITS URGENCY IN ADVANCING ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN INDONESIA ACCORDING TO HARUN NASUTION
Authors: Agustono Ihwan
Published: October 2023

This article intends to examine the concept of rational theological concepts in Islam with a focus on the thoughts of Harun Nasution. Harun Nasution is a controversial Islamic reformer. His idea was born as a response to and against the traditional ideas that developed at that time; even Harun Nasution dared to go against the flow of traditional ethics that according to him had long been rusty and difficult to remove. The emphasis of this paper is on the presentation of Harun Nasution's progressive thinking in the Islamic theological concept and tts importance in advancing Indonesian Islamic civilization. Thus, the qualitative method will be employed in this work, along with a historical study approach gleaned from books, journals, and related publications. The essence of Harun Nasution’s theory is the realization that Islam is a universal rational religion, and that via rational theology, people can fully comprehend the meaning of revelation in both the Qur'an and the Hadith. To build the Islamic Ummah such that it always exists exclusively through forming a rational society, a renewal movement through education is required.
A review on climate change impacts, models, and its consequences on different sectors: a systematic approach
Authors: Rawat Amit , Kumar Dilip , Khati Bhishm Singh
Published: October 2023

Climate change refers to long-term alterations in climate patterns across various regions of the world. As per the data availability and explanations given by different researchers, human exercises, particularly the burning of coal, deforestation, and the use of oil, have increased the temperature of the Earth by significantly improving the engagement of heat-absorbing gases in the environment. The above-stated ratio will increase proportionally in the future. Therefore, climate change is one of our biggest global challenges, and urgent action must be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and adapt to its effects, and ensure a long and healthy life for all. This paper examines the different aspects of the effects of climate change on different ecosystem elements, such as air, water, plants, animals, and human beings, with a notable focus on economic aspects. Finally, to better understand the situation, data in this report were collected from different media platforms, research mechanisms, guideline papers, newspapers, and other references. This review paper considers climate change mitigation and transformation worldwide in different sectors like human health, crop productivity, and the related economic impact. The conclusions emphasize that government monitoring is essential for countries' long-term growth through responsible resource management.
Sphingomonas Paucimobilis Bacteremia in a Patient with Major Burns Injury:
A Case Report
Authors: Al Maskari Afaf , Ganeshan Ramesh , Al Messabi Ahmed , Al Zaabi Hasan , Abdul Haqu Noor Mohammad , Serafino Wani Robert Lodu , Babiker Zahir , Alatoom Adnan , Jabeen Fouzia , Nsutebu Emmanuel Fru
Published: October 2023

Background::

Sphingomonas paucimobilis is an emerging opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital and community-acquired infections. Infection is the
most common cause of morbidity and mortality in burn patients.

Case Presentation::

We present a case of a 29-year-old lady who sustained severe burn injuries after a gas explosion at home. She was admitted to the United Arab
Emirates (UAE) National Burns Unit and required several episodes of surgical debridement. She developed S. paucimobilis bloodstream infection
whilst being treated with Piperacillin-tazobactam. She was subsequently treated with Meropenem for a total of 7 days after removing the source of
infection, an infected central line. The S. paucimobilis isolate showed intermediate resistance to Piperacillin-tazobactam.

Conclusion::

Numerous case reports indicate high morbidity in patients with life-threatening S. paucimobilis infections, immunocompromised patients, and
patients with underlying medical comorbidity; however, this is the first reported case from the UAE.
SGLT2 Inhibitors and Diabetic Kidney Disease: Targeting Multiple and
Interrelated Signaling Pathways for Renal Protection
Authors: Papaetis Georgios S.
Published: October 2023

Almost 20-40% of all patients suffering from diabetes mellitus experience chronic kidney disease, which is related to higher mortality
(cardiovascular and all-cause). The implication of several pathophysiological mechanisms (hemodynamic, tubular, metabolic and inflammatory) in
the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease generates an urgent need to develop multitarget therapeutic strategies to face its development and
progression. SGLT2 inhibitors are undoubtedly a practice-changing drug class for individuals who experience type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney
disease. In vitro studies, exploratory research, sub-analyses of large randomized controlled trials, and investigation of several biomarkers have
demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors achieved multiple beneficial activities, targeting several renal cellular and molecular pathways independent of
their antihyperglycemic activity. These mainly include the reduction in intraglomerular pressure through the restoration of TGF, impacts on the
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, improvement of renal hypoxia, adaptive metabolic alterations in substrate use/energy expenditure,
improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, and reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. This manuscript thoroughly investigates
the possible mechanisms that underlie their salutary renal effects in patients with diabetes, focusing on several pathways involved and the interplay
between them. It also explores their upcoming role in ameliorating the evolution of chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes.