bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of a 3D-printed external cranial protection device in preventing complications after unilateral supratentorial decompressive craniectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Peng , Li Jinping
Published: December 2024

The objective was to clarify the feasibility and clinical effect of 3D-printed external cranial protection devices (ECPD) in preventing complications following unilateral supratentorial decompressive craniectomy (DC). A retrospective cohort study was conducted on post-DC patients meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the experimental group, head computed tomography data were collected after DC, and the ECPD were 3D-printed with photosensitive resin materials, and fixed to the bone window defect for continuous wear. The control group received similar postoperative treatment and procedures but did not place the ECPD. Clinical data were collected and analyzed. Forty-four patients were enrolled, 24 in the experimental and 20 in the control group. The incidence of postoperative complications of DC was 84.09%. The median time to initial use of the 3D-printed ECPD was 13.5 days. No patients had skin pressure ulcers, allergies, or wound infections. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in pre-DC Glasgow Coma Scale scores, post-DC complication rates, or Glasgow Outcome Scale scores at discharge (P > .05). Whereas, there was a statistically significant difference in pre-cranioplasty DC-related complications (P = .027), with a notable reduction in the incidence of subdural effusion in the experimental group (P = .004). The 2 groups had no significant differences in modified Rankin Scale scores after cranioplasty. The clinical use of the 3D-printed ECPD is safe and reliable, effectively reducing the incidence of complications following DC, particularly in the prevention and treatment of subdural effusion. However, it does not significantly improve the prognosis of patients after DC, warranting further research.
Role of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score in predicting thrombophlebitis among patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter
Authors: Shi Yujing , Zhan Zhangli , Ju Mengyang , Yang Ling , Chen Xiaojiao , Liang Liang , Ge Xiaolin , Zhu Caiqiang , Sun Xinchen , Di Xiaoke , He Chenghong
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the role of the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet score (HALP), a pre-catheterization blood parameter, in predicting the occurrence of thrombophlebitis. We recruited 268 in-hospital patients who visited the Department of Oncology of our hospital and underwent peripherally inserted central catheter between January 2021 and January 2024. The cutoff value of the HALP score was defined using receiver’s operating characteristic curve, and the differences were analyzed with log-rank test. The significance of HALP in predicting thrombophlebitis was evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 240 patients were enrolled and divided into a high-HALP (≥31.4) group (n = 125) and a low-HALP (<31.4) group (n = 115). The relationship between the composition of HALP and clinical pathological parameters was analyzed. HALP was significantly correlated with gender (X
2 = 4.74), limb restriction (X
2 = 3.69), performance status score (X
2 = 11.9), D-dimer (X
2 = 7.88), and platelet count (X
2 = 5.22). Multivariate regression analysis found male (hazard ratio [HR] 0.29 (0.12–0.69)), more puncture times (HR 0.01 (0.001–0.15)), lower HALP (HR 1.93 (0.82–4.52)), and sterile couplant (HR 20.6 (4.7–91.2)) were independent factors affecting the occurrence of thrombophlebitis. Receiver’s operating characteristic curve analysis showed the area under the curve of the HALP score was 0.718 (95% confidence interval 0.638–0.798), which was significantly larger than the other 3 parameters. Hence, we believe the predictive efficiency of HALP is higher than other parameters. The pre-catheterization HALP score can be used as a simple, accessible, and reliable tool for predicting thrombophlebitis in patients to undergo peripherally inserted central catheter.
Meta-analysis and network pharmacology studies of the clinical efficacy of Guizhi Fuling capsules/pills combined with dienogest in treating endometriosis
Authors: Qin Yajie , Yang Xiaotian , Zhao Qi , Tang Xingran , Zhao Huijin , Jiao Yang , Zhou Huifang
Published: December 2024

Background:

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common chronic inflammatory gynecological disease that belongs to the classification of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes “Zheng Jia,” and the classic Chinese formula Guizhi Fuling (GZFL) demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of this condition. This study aims to investigate GZFL’s effect and potential mechanism in EMs.

Methods:

The search reviewed randomized controlled trials in 7 databases from inception to 2024, assessed quality with the Cochrane tool, and analyzed data with STATA 15 by 2 reviewers. In the network pharmacology study, we searched and screened the components and targets of GZFL, subsequently compared these targets to EMs targets, and used bioinformatics techniques to analyze and explore their potential interactions.

Results:

Nine randomized controlled trials involving 897 participants were analyzed. Meta-analysis showed that GZFL combined with dienogest significantly enhanced the clinical effectiveness rate (odds ratio = 2.404, 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.868 to 3.093; P < .001). Specifically, combination therapy with GZFL reduced serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (standardized mean differences [SMD] = −1.65, 95% CI = −2.13 to −1.17, P < .001), estradiol (SMD = −1.54, 95% CI = −1.89 to −1.19, P = .003), matrix metalloproteinases (SMD = −2.636, 95% CI = −2.993 to −2.279, P < .001), pain scores (SMD = −0.88, 95% CI = −1.11 to −0.67, P < .001) and the diameter of ectopic cysts (SMD = −1.7, 95% CI = −2.42 to −0.98, P < .001). Network pharmacology analysis identified 136 components and 145 common targets, focusing on interleukin-6, cellular tumor antigen p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, estrogen receptor alpha, Cyclooxygenase-2, and matrix metalloproteinases-9. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses suggested GZFL modulates hormone receptors and inflammatory responses in EMs treatment.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, GZFL combination treatment could increase the clinical effectiveness rate of EMs patients, and reduce the serum level of carbohydrate antigen 125, estradiol, matrix metalloproteinases, pain scores, and the diameter of the ectopic cyst. The potential mechanism might be linked to the modulation of hormone receptors and inflammation.
Causal association between cardiovascular risk factors and common skin diseases: A multivariate Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Peng Shaoyi , Li Kaiyuan , Han Lingyu , Liu Peng
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular diseases and dermatological conditions are prevalent health issues worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that risk factors for cardiovascular diseases may be associated with the development of dermatological conditions. However, the causal association between these factors remain unclear. This study utilized data from genome-wide association studies and applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the potential causal association between cardiovascular risk factors and common dermatological conditions. Genetic variants significantly associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum uric acid, blood glucose, and hypertension were selected as instrumental variables. We employed inverse variance weighted, MR Egger, and weighted mode methods for analysis. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results. The MR analysis indicated a positive association between LDL-C levels and the risk of psoriasis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.47, P = .02). Additionally, hypertension and serum uric acid levels were positively associated with the risk of dermatitis eczema (hypertension: OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.23–6.24, P = .01; serum uric acid: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, P = .01). This study provides evidence of a potential causal association between LDL-C levels and psoriasis, as well as between hypertension and serum uric acid levels and dermatitis eczema. These findings highlight the potential importance of cardiovascular health management in the prevention and treatment of common dermatological conditions. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore the underlying biological mechanisms.
SOCS1: A potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for aggressive gliomas and a new target for immunotherapy
Authors: Gu Chuanshen , Chen Xinyi , Wu Jiayan , Zhang Yiwen , Zhong Linyu , Luo Han , Luo Wenshu , Yang Fuxia
Published: December 2024

Gliomas, the most common and deadly cancers of the central nervous system, present a unique immunological barrier that severely undermines the effectiveness of immunotherapies. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), belonging to the SOCS protein family and playing a pivotal role in various cancer treatment strategies and is abundant in high-grade gliomas. This study conducted a comparative analysis of SOCS1 and glioma immune checkpoints. It underscores the feasibility of leveraging SOCS1 as a promising diagnostic and prognostic marker for aggressive gliomas, thus offering novel targets for glioma immunotherapy. Comprehensive gene expression analyses and clinical data validations were performed across multiple databases. The expression and biological functions of SOCS1 were examined through an array of techniques including pan-cancer analysis, functional enrichment, gene set variation analysis, and immune microenvironment examination. This was done alongside a comparison of the similarities between SOCS1 and various glioma immune checkpoints. Utilizing clinical information from patients, a bespoke predictive model was developed to further corroborate the prognostic capabilities of SOCS1. The investigation revealed considerable similarities between SOCS1 and several immune checkpoints such as CTLA4, demonstrating SOCS1’s role as an independent prognostic factor positively influencing glioma patient outcomes. The inclusion of SOCS1 in the developed predictive model significantly enhanced its precision. Our findings highlight SOCS1’s potential as an innovative target for glioma immunotherapy, providing a novel strategy to overcome the immunological barriers posed by gliomas. Furthermore, identifying SOCS1 as a viable diagnostic marker for aggressive gliomas improves the accuracy of prognostic predictions for affected patients.
Calcifediol and paricalcitol as adjunctive therapies for HSV-1 keratitis and corneal perforation: A case report
Authors: Nemet Vedran , Matić Suzana , Zielsdorf Sarah J. , Tolj Ivana , Jelić Vuković Marija , Švitek Luka , Kalauz Miro , Strunje Ivana , Matić Lucija , Heffer Marija
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Herpes simplex virus 1 establishes a latent infection in trigeminal ganglia. Reactivation causes cold sores, as well as viral keratitis. The purpose of this study was to report potential benefits of using active vitamin D receptor ligands (VDR-agonists) as adjunctive therapies for the treatment of infectious corneal perforations, and prevention of HSV recurrence.

Patient concerns:

A 57-year-old female with a past history of episodic, poorly-healing, corneal erosions, recurring orolabial herpetic lesions, as well as PCR-confirmed recurrences of herpes simplex keratitis presented with a burning sensation and slight pain in the right eye. Examination indicated HSV keratitis. Topical antibiotic and oral antiviral treatments were prescribed. Despite these standard-of-care treatments, a perforated corneal ulcer ensued.

Diagnoses:

Corneal perforation associated with HSV-1 keratitis recurrence, later confirmed by PCR analysis of corneal scrapings.

Interventions:

Corneal perforation was treated with a human fibrin glue, fortified with multilayered amniotic membrane transplant, as well as a therapeutical contact lens. Following surgery, calcifediol and paricalcitol were started as oral adjunctive therapies in an attempt to boost tissue regeneration and innate-immunity within the slow-healing cornea. Anterior segment optical-coherence tomography was used to measure corneal thickness. Frequent follow-ups with various specialists allowed for comprehensive patient evaluation, and meticulous screening for any signs indicating potential HSV-1 recurrence.

Outcomes:

Following calcifediol-paricalcitol therapy corneal thickening, and re-epithelization ensued. During combined calcifediol-paricalcitol therapy, the patient has had no recurrence of herpes simplex keratitis, or orolabial herpes lesions.

Lessons:

Corneal stabilization avoided a high-risk, full-thickness corneal transplantation, facilitating future cataract surgery, and allowing for some degree of visual recovery in this eye.
Research hotspots and trends in the treatment of postoperative pain with ropivacaine: A bibliometric analysis from 2003 to 2022
Authors: Yin Bin , Wang Hexiang , Zhao Xiaoming , Zhang Liwen , Yu Yuanyuan
Published: December 2024

Background:

The aim of this study is to explore the current study status and progression of the effects of ropivacaine in local analgesia by using bibliometric methods.

Methods:

Published articles related to the treatment of postoperative pain with ropivacaine from 2003 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Detailed information such as authors, keywords, journals, countries, institutions and references were analyzed by bibliometric methods and visualized by VOSviewer.

Results:

A total of 1150 articles published in the treatment of postoperative pain with ropivacaine were included in the bibliometric analysis. From 2003 to 2022, the number of articles was on the rise and increased rapidly after 2018. The United States published the highest number of articles and Ilfeld ranked first in the number of papers (35) and citation frequency (1670). Journal of Anesthesiology had the highest average number of citations per article (89.43). There is a close cooperation among countries especially centering China and the United States at their core, universities are the main institutions in publishing articles. The most cited literature was published by Knudsen whose study major in finding out the effects of ropivacaine and bupivacaine to the central nervous system. Among the top 10 high frequency keywords, ropirvacaine and postoperative anesthesia appeared most frequently.

Conclusion:

The application of ropivacaine to postoperative anesthesia attracts growing interest from the scholars all over the world and was the future research hotspot in treating postoperative pain.
Efficacy and safety of QingReJieDu therapy in preventing acute radiation esophagitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jian , Qiu Dan , Dong Xinying , Liu Yangxin , Chen Jianxin
Published: December 2024

Background:

Acute radiation esophagitis (ARE) is a frequently observed complication of radiotherapy for malignant tumors. QingReJieDu (QRJD) therapy is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of ARE. There is a lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing ARE. Therefore, the objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of QRJD therapy in preventing ARE.

Methods:

Systematic searches were conducted across 8 databases from their inception to December 30, 2023. This study included randomized controlled trials that assessed the effectiveness of QRJD therapy in preventing ARE. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane collaboration tool. Data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.

Results:

Eleven randomized controlled studies involving 754 participants were included in this analysis. The results demonstrated that QRJD therapy effectively prevented the occurrence of ARE (relative risk = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80–0.89, P < .001), as well as the development of grade ≥ 3 ARE (relative risk = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.28–0.59, P < .001). Furthermore, QRJD therapy delayed the time of the first episode of ARE (weighted mean difference = 5.67, 95% CI: 5.33–6.02, P < .001). No significant increase in adverse events was observed with the QRJD therapy.

Conclusion:

Our results indicate that QRJD therapy has a significant preventive effect on ARE in clinical practice. However, it is important to note that these findings should be confirmed through more rigorously designed, multicenter, large-sample, and large-scale randomized controlled trials.
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in pediatric patients: A Chinese single center observational study and literature review
Authors: Hu Minhua , Zeng Wenxing , Zhang Jingtao , Yan Hongsong , Huang Feng , Xiong Hao , Fang Bin , Li Yue
Published: December 2024

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare autoinflammatory disorder that commonly poses diagnostic challenges due to its atypical symptomatology. This observational study aimed to investigate the clinical features, laboratory test results, imaging features, and treatment strategies for pediatric patients with CRMO. We retrospectively analyzed 7 pediatric patients with CRMO treated at the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between January 2018 and February 2022. This study aimed to enhance current understanding of CRMO by exploring in-depth clinical data. The study cohort comprised 5 males and 2 females, aged 3 to 13 years. All patients experienced symptoms for a median duration of 6 months prior to hospitalization, at which point they presented with recurrent pain and various accompanying signs including hypothermia (14.28%), swelling (42.85%), localized skin warmth (42.85%), and plantar pustules (14.28%). The femurs (71.42%) and tibia (71.42%) were frequently affected. Radiographic and computed tomography scans revealed osteosclerosis and osteolytic lesions, while magnetic resonance imaging revealed bone marrow edema. Histological examination of bone biopsies from 4 patients revealed fibrous tissue hyperplasia and lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration, despite negative bacterial cultures. Laboratory test results were either normal or slightly elevated. Symptomatic improvement was observed in 6 patients (85.72%) treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, while 1 patient (14.28%) resistant to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs responded well to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. The clinical presentation of CRMO lacks specificity, with unexplained bone pain being the most common symptom. Precise diagnosis and timely intervention depend on a thorough magnetic resonance imaging evaluation for lesion detection, which facilitates CRMO diagnosis. This study offers valuable insights into the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging features, and treatment strategies of CRMO in pediatric patients.
Efficacy of generic versus branded diacerein for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A randomized control trial
Authors: Jaruthien Nonn , Tanavalee Aree , Ngarmukos Srihatach , Tanavalee Chotetawan , Amarase Chavarin , Somrak Pakpoom
Published: December 2024

Background:

Several studies have proved that diacerein effectively treats knee osteoarthritis (OA). All studies used branded diacerein. Recently, generic diacerein has been available in several countries, with limited studies comparing the efficacy of generic and branded diacerein for knee OA treatment.

Methods:

Among 200 eligible patients, 94 were randomized to take a daily 50 mg of generic diacerein (Diaceric®); group A or branded diacerein (Artrodar®); group B for treating mild to moderate knee OA. All patients were assigned 5-visit assessments and followed until 24 weeks. The primary outcome was a visual analog scale (VAS) on the motion. The secondary outcomes were 2 patient-report outcome measures (PROMs): the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index and the Short Form-12 (SF-12), as well as 3 performance-based measures (PBMs): 5-time sit to stand test (5 × SST), the time up and go test (TUGT), and the 3-minute walk test (3MWT).

Results:

There were 47 patients in group A and 47 in group B, with no patients lost for FU. Among all patients, 79.8% were female with a mean age of 63.2 years in group A and 64.8 years in group B. The Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade II was the most common in both groups. There were no differences in all demographic data. At 24-week follow-up (FU), both groups had significantly improved VAS, with a 12-week earlier improvement in the branded diacerein. In addition, the PBMs, including 5 × SST and 3MWT, significantly improved from 12-week FU in both groups, with insignificantly improved WOMAC and SF-12 and no serious adverse events in either group.

Conclusion:

After a 24-week FU, the generic diacerein had similar efficacy as the branded diacerein in significantly improving VAS and PBMs: 5 × SST and 3MWT. However, the latter had a faster statistically improved VAS than the former.
Genetic association between autoimmune thyroiditis and microscopic polyangiitis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Zhimin , Wang Yujia , Xu Yanfang
Published: December 2024

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of life-threatening autoimmune small vessel vasculitis and the prognosis depends heavily on whether a prompt diagnosis is achieved. Autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common autoimmune endocrine disease and could overlap with other autoimmune diseases. It remains elusive whether autoimmune thyroiditis affects the risk of AAV development. We performed a 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the true association between autoimmune thyroiditis and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), a subtype of AAV. Independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis or Grave disease with genome-wide significance were selected as instrumental variables from large genome-wide association study. MPA genome-wide association study summary statistics were obtained from FinnGen consortium. The inverse-variance weighted method was conducted as the primary analysis for estimating the effect of the exposure on the outcome. Mendelian randomization-Egger and the weighted median method were used to confirm the results. We found a causal association between Hashimoto thyroiditis and MPA while no causal effect of Grave disease on MPA. This study contributed a genetic viewpoint to the understanding of the link between autoimmune thyroiditis and AAV.
Hypertrophic pachymeningitis with cranial nerve palsy as the initial symptom: A case report
Authors: Zhang Xin
Published: December 2024

Rationale:

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare and complex condition marked by inflammation and thickening of the dura mater. It can occur either on its own or as a result of various underlying medical issues. This type of granulomatous meningitis is extremely rare and poorly understood, making diagnosis and treatment particularly challenging. Patients with HP may experience severe headaches and cranial nerve defects, but in some cases, the condition can occur without any symptoms, making it undetected. We detail the case of patient who was diagnosed with HP after presenting with abducens nerve palsy, a condition that significantly affected her vision and quality of life. Remarkably, she showed substantial recovery following a course of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, coupled with careful radiographic diagnosis and follow-up assessments. The decision to report this case stems from its rarity and the diverse clinical manifestations associated with this condition, which can vary widely among patients.

Patient concerns:

A 26-year-old Asian female, sought medical attention at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, where she reported experiencing diplopia, a troubling symptom indicative of abducens nerve palsy.

Diagnosis:

To establish a definitive diagnosis, second-generation sequencing biological detection was employed to rule out any infectious causes, while radiographic imaging provided confirmation of HP.

Interventions:

In terms of intervention, the patient was promptly initiated on a regimen of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, followed by a carefully monitored oral sequential reduction of the medication. Throughout her treatment, she underwent regular liver function tests to ensure her safety, and liver protective drugs were also administered as a precautionary measure.

Outcomes:

As of now, the patient has successfully completed her treatment and is reported to be doing well, marking a positive outcome in her recovery journey.

Lessons:

This case underscores the critical importance of imaging examinations in the clinical diagnosis of patients presenting with diplopia, as they play a vital role in both diagnosing and differentiating between various diseases. Furthermore, it is essential to rule out any infection-related factors in patients diagnosed with HP before commencing treatment with glucocorticoids, ensuring a comprehensive approach to patient care.
Study on the influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jingyu , Wang Yimu , Wu Lingsha , Wang Lingyu , Fang Haiyan
Published: December 2024

Background:

The influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students were analyzed through meta-analysis to provide the corresponding basis for its prevention and treatment.

Methods:

The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP database, China Biology Medicine Disc, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of science were searched for the literature on the influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students was retrieved from the science database from the establishment of the database to July 17, 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale was used to score the quality of cohort and case–control studies included in the study. The cross-sectional studies were scored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Two researchers independently screened the literature, and if there was no consensus, the third party would make a judgment on whether to include the literature. The extracted content included the first author, publication year, country, study type, sample size, and influencing factors. Stata17.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results:

A total of 23 studies were included, with a total sample size of 18,080 cases. Current evidence shows that the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students is 70.3% (95%CI: 62.7–77.9%), and the combined odd ratio values (95%CI) of the main influencing factors are: family history of dysmenorrhea 2.116 (1.613–2.776), early age at menarche 2.200 (1.392–3.477), irregular menstrual cycle 1.662 (1.166–2.367), drinking cold drinks 1.717 (1.220–2.417), high caffeine intake 2.082 (1.379–3.144), stress 1.895 (1.515–2.282), medical specialty 1.827 (1.365–2.445), and adequate sleep 0.328 (0.232–0.463).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea is high in female college students, and adequate sleep is a protective factor for primary dysmenorrhea. Family history of dysmenorrhea, early age at menarche, irregular menstrual cycle, drinking cold drinks, high caffeine intake, stress, and medical specialty were all risk factors.
A combined association of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase and bilirubin with sleep duration in aged 16–85 years (2005–2010)
Authors: Yao Lishuai , Chen Tiantian
Published: December 2024

Sleep is a vital restorative process that plays a pivotal role in maintaining the delicate equilibrium of mental and physical well-being. Both short and long sleep duration are associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated a robust association between sleep duration and liver disease. In this study, we conducted statistical tests and performed subgroup analyses to explore potential variations in this association across different contexts, aiming to elucidate the correlation between ALT, AST, and TB with sleep duration. This cross-sectional investigation utilized datasets from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 to 2010. Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the linear association between ALT, AST, and TB with sleep duration. Test for interaction is commonly conducted using multivariabte models to assess statistically significant subgroup disparities. Fitted smoothied curves and threshold effect analyses were employed to depict nonlinear relationships. The study enrolled 17,491 participants aged 16 to 85 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a mean age of the participants was 45.58 ± 19.94 years. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a significant positive association between sleep duration and ALT [−0.23 (−0.45, −0.00) 0.0455] and AST[−0.20 (−0.38, −0.01) 0.0338] in Model 3. Using a two-segment linear regression model, we found an U-shaped relationship and significant inflection point between between ALT and AST with sleep duration. The present study unveiled a significant inverse correlation between sleep duration and levels of ALT and AST, while no significant association was observed with TB levels. Furthermore, variations in the optimal sleep duration for liver function recovery were identified across diverse populations, thereby offering valuable healthcare recommendations to public.
Causal relationship between physical activity and scoliosis: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Cong , Liu Gang , Lu Qi , Ning Zhengmei , Chen Junfei
Published: December 2024

Scoliosis, marked by abnormal spinal curvature, is common in adolescents and can lead to chronic pain and reduced quality of life. The relationship between physical activity and scoliosis is debated. In this study, we aim to investigate the causal relationship between physical activity levels and idiopathic scoliosis risk using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Two-sample MR analyses evaluated low-intensity (low-intensity physical activity [LIPA]), moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA), and total physical activity (TLA) as exposures, selecting genetic instruments based on their associations. Total physical activity significantly associated with idiopathic scoliosis (OR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.11–2.68; P = .015), whereas LIPA and MVPA showed no significant associations. Reverse MR found no idiopathic scoliosis impact on activity levels. Multivariable MR showed no significant activity-scoliosis links. Total physical activity emerges as an idiopathic scoliosis risk factor, warranting mechanistic exploration. LIPA and MVPA do not causally link to scoliosis. Idiopathic scoliosis does not influence activity levels.
Celebrating Frontline Leadership in Nursing
Authors: Zimmermann Deborah
Published: December 2024

Frontline nursing leaders who foster compassionate and innovative healthcare settings improve nurse engagement, patient outcomes, and workplace culture. These leaders play a crucial role in advancing healthcare by highlighting the need to recognize and support these essential professionals.
Breaking the Cycle of Nurse Manager Presenteeism
Authors: Bethel Claire , McIntosh Caitlin , Rainbow Jessica G.
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to describe the factors leading to, and explore the coping strategies and the consequences of, nurse manager presenteeism

BACKGROUND

Presenteeism, or presence at work while not fully performing, is prevalent among direct-care nurses, yet no studies have explored nurse manager presenteeism.

METHODS

This study used a convergent mixed-methods design with 1:1 interviews, a demographic questionnaire, mental/physical health and work situation questions, and the Job Stress–Related Presenteeism Scale (JSPS). Participants included 14 nurse managers from 3 hospitals in Central Pennsylvania.

FINDINGS

Quantitative results reveal participants' physical and mental health, results of the JSPS, and inferences between presenteeism and health/demographic items. The overarching qualitative theme was the cyclic nature of presenteeism. Work demands and other contributing factors, like illness and personal factors, contribute to presenteeism, which leads to adverse consequences. The consequences lead to more work demands and can lead the nurse manager to consider leaving a job or the profession. The cycle can be broken by protective factors, coping mechanisms, and support. Mixed-methods results revealed convergence among the quantitative and qualitative results.

CONCLUSIONS

Executive leaders must help nurse managers break the cycle of nurse manager presenteeism. Nurse managers need fewer work demands and more support to improve their performance at work.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Expedient Identification and Management of Hydropneumothorax Secondary to Necrotizing Pneumonia
Authors: Cramer Natan , Philip Vipin , Azhdam Devora Bita
Published: December 2024

We report the use of point-of-care ultrasound to identify a hydropneumothorax in a 6-year-old previously healthy girl arriving at the emergency department in severe respiratory distress. The use of point-of-care ultrasound in this instance allowed for the expedient management and stabilization of the hydropneumothorax with emergent thoracentesis. The patient was ultimately found to have Streptococcus pyogenes bacteremia and necrotizing pneumonia.
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Demonstrated More Lesions of Leptomeningeal Metastases Compared With 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT in a Pediatric Neuroblastoma Patient
Authors: Zheng Lingling , Li Siqi , Xu Yanfeng , Wang Wei , Yang Jigang
Published: December 2024

A 5-year-old girl with high-risk neuroblastoma after therapy was evaluated by 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Contrast-enhancement brain MRI demonstrated 2 metastatic lesions in the right parietal lobe of brain. One lesion showed abnormal MIBG accumulation associated with high density in the right central posterior gyrus, whereas the other lesion did not show MIBG uptake. In contrast, increased 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake was seen in both lesions. Neuroblastoma cells were found by cytological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Clinical Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Young Adult With Down Syndrome Regression Disorder
Authors: Kelley Brendan J. , Bailey Kala J. , Hubregsen Joshua J.
Published: December 2024

Down syndrome regression disorder (DSRD) is a condition in which individuals with Down syndrome experience a decline in social and adaptive functioning in adolescence to early adulthood. Initially described as catatonic psychosis and later designated Down syndrome disintegrative disorder (DSDD), the etiology for DSRD remains unclear but has been hypothesized to relate to autoimmune function, stress, and psychiatric disease. DSRD presents heterogeneously and has no clearly established diagnostic criteria, which can complicate treatment recommendations. ECT has been used to successfully treat DSRD, but the number of reported cases remains low, especially when it is unclear whether there are comorbid catatonic features. Here, we present a case of successful use of ECT in an individual with DSRD in which catatonic features were difficult to ascertain, and we make recommendations for the use of ECT in the treatment of DSRD.
Lipid-based nanoparticles deliver mRNA to reverse the pathogenesis of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency in a preclinical model
Authors: Zadory Matthias , Lopez-Vince Elliot , Haddouch Hamza , Babity Samuel , Rezaei Nastaran , Moawad Fatma , El Rahbani Rita Maria Kenaan , Vujic Nemanja , Trinh Vincent Q. , Kratky Dagmar , Gravel Simon-Pierre , Brambilla Davide
Published: December 2024

Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the only known enzyme that degrades cholesteryl esters (CEs) and triglycerides (TGs) in the lysosomes. LAL deficiency (LAL-D) results in hepatosplenomegaly with extensive accumulation of CEs and TGs, and can in the most severe cases be a life-threatening condition in early infancy. Using messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for protein replacement is an innovative approach for the treatment of genetic disorders, but is challenged by a safe and efficient mRNA delivery. Here, we generated a combinatorial library of lipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs) for mRNA delivery and screened itin vitroandin vivo,which yielded a new formulation with a superior potency than an FDA-approved nanoformulation. This formulation efficiently delivered LAL mRNA and restored LAL activity in liver and spleen, mediating significant reversal of the pathological progression in an aggressive preclinical model of LAL-D.In vivo,the new formulation also promoted a more sustained and quantitatively higher LAL expression. In addition, repeated administration regimen mitigated hepatosplenomegaly, and targeted lipidomic analysis revealed strong diminution of CEs and TGs and of toxic lipid species in the liver and spleen. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant attenuation of inflammatory processes, fibrosis and several pathological pathways associated to LAL-D. These findings provide strong evidence that the intracellular production of LAL via mRNA-LNP is a very promising approach for the chronic treatment of LAL-D and support the clinical translation of mRNA therapy to overcome the challenges associated with traditional enzyme replacement therapies.

One Sentence Summary

Screening of a mRNA-LNPs library yielded a formulation with outmost potency and mitigated the progression of LAL deficiency in a preclinical model.
Can remotely-sensed vegetation health indices increase the hedging-effectiveness of index insurance? – Insights from Germany
Authors: Nordmeyer Eike Florenz , Musshoff Oliver
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Satellite-retrieved vegetation health (VH) indices are under active consideration to be integrated into weather index insurance to reduce the basis risk and increase the attractiveness to farmers. The objective of this study is to obtain a deeper understanding of the hedging effectiveness (HE) of the satellite-retrieved VH indices.

Design/methodology/approach

By using winter wheat yield records from 79 farms in Northern and Eastern Germany over 20 years, we designed index insurance based on three satellite indices to explore their HE: the Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), the Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and the Vegetation Health Index (VHI) with a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km. As the benchmark, a meteorological index related to precipitation is employed.

Findings

The results indicate that, on average, the TCI and VHI outperform the benchmark index in a statistically significant way. However, considerable differences across regions are observed. In particular, the highest HE, and therefore basis risk reduction, was found for regions with sandy soils in Eastern Germany.

Practical implications

Insurers can be advised to accelerate the research and development of satellite-based index insurance in Eastern Germany. By considering our insurance design, products with low transaction costs and therefore comparatively low loading factors can be offered to farmers.

Originality/value

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that uses a large sample to explore the HE of index insurance based on satellite-retrieved VH indices by focusing on different regions in a country.
Who hates your brand? An analysis of consumer brand hater typology
Authors: Bayarassou Oula , Becheur Imene , Valette-Florence Pierre
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a typology of brand haters, depending on their coping processes to the different stressful consumption situations, and associate these hate profiles with their corresponding psychological traits.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a mixed methodology composed of two phases, a qualitative and a quantitative one, conducted simultaneously. The aim of the qualitative study is to define clusters of the antecedents and consequences of brand hate and better understand the coping responses of brand haters. This phase uses the OMIE (Multi-Image Elicitation) tool. During the quantitative phase, a series of multiple correspondence analyses (MCAs) allows characterizing and mapping each segment of brand haters according to their personality traits and the coping processes identified during the qualitative phase.

Findings

Depending on their motives and the consequences of their brand hate, we identified three distinct types of brand haters. First, rational haters are particularly sensitive to the brand’s deceptive nature, leading to deep feelings of disappointment and efforts to avoid the brand. Next, hostile haters express an active form of hate driven by unauthentic brand practices or ideological reasons (e.g. exploitation of children), often with a focus on revenge. Lastly, threatened haters experience both passive and active forms of brand hate, stemming from perceived physical and mental threats that extend beyond individual complaints to broader societal issues. In terms of psychological profiles, our findings suggest that rational haters may exhibit extraverted and sophisticated personalities. Hostile haters, on the other hand, are associated with conscientious personality traits. Finally, threatened haters are characterized as agreeable and creative.

Originality/value

The paper uses a unique approach to map hater profiles with their coping responses and psychological traits. Additionally, the mixed methodology employed in this research contributes to its originality.
Talent management in small and micro businesses: can soft skills be trained?
Authors: Spiteri Axiak Ilaria , Packer Peter A. , Ghio Stephanie
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The paper is part of a wider four year doctoral study examining talent management in small and micro businesses in small island states. It focuses specifically on soft skills training and how it is used as an employee retention tool, analyzing the attitudes of owner-managers, HR consultants and the effect on their businesses.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper’s methodology is a qualitative one, gathering data from fourteen semi-structured interviews, with constant comparative analysis to determine findings. MAXQDA software is utilized throughout the process.

Findings

Findings emerging from the data indicate that the soft skills trainability of employees is questioned by owner-managers and often overlooked as a talent management tool. This at a time when the competitive importance of outstanding customer relations makes such skills increasingly important, especially since the talent pool in small island states is relatively small.

Originality/value

Findings shed light on small and micro businesses in a small island state and may also reflect regional economies of larger countries that similarly rely on small and micro businesses.
The drivers of lean, agile and green principles towards business competitiveness among manufacturing firms in Malaysia
Authors: Nawanir Gusman , Moshood Taofeeq Durojaye
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Business competitiveness is critical for a thriving economy that requires companies to be more efficient and innovative to outperform their rivals. This paper investigates the main determinants of business competitiveness from the resource-based view (RBV) perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 140 discrete and large manufacturing firms in Malaysia through a cross-sectional quantitative-based survey with a convenience sampling procedure. The findings from the PLS-SEM analysis showed that implementing LAG manufacturing significantly amplifies business competitiveness.

Findings

It was found that cost leadership strategy drives lean and agile manufacturing implementation, while differentiation positively amplifies the implementation of lean, agile and green manufacturing. This study contributes to the body of knowledge and provides insight to practitioners in tailoring strategies to steer manufacturing firms toward being more competitive.

Originality/value

This study identifies the effect of LAGP implementation on business competitiveness. This paper will benefit practitioners and managers by providing insights into tailoring strategies to steer manufacturing firms towards being more competitive. This paper follows a structure that includes: an introduction to the study, a review of relevant literature on business competitiveness, lean, agile and green manufacturing implementation, the development of hypotheses, the presentation of research methodology and findings, and finally, a conclusion with a discussion, implications, limitations and suggestions for future research.
Industry 4.0 and lean thinking: the critical success factors perspective
Authors: Kakouris Andreas , Athanasiadis Vasilis , Sfakianaki Eleni
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Acknowledging the importance of both lean thinking (LT) and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) for successful business performance and organisational success, the present study investigates the critical success factors (CSFs) for the concurrent implementation of both approaches, a field not yet significantly explored.

Design/methodology/approach

The study conducts two systematic literature reviews (SLRs), one on LT and the other one on I4.0 to map out the CSFs for the effective implementation of each approach. These CSFs are subsequently prioritised with the use of a Delphi Study. Finally, from the set of the common CSFs recognised through the two approaches, a more condensed list is put forward as the first step towards achieving a successful synergy between LT and I4.0.

Findings

The study’s findings suggest the most important CSFs and determine their definition in the context of a concurrent implementation of LT and I4.0. This can provide managers and practitioners with the awareness of crucial factors, enabling them to take the necessary steps for planning and implementing both approaches.

Practical implications

A concise set of CSFs for the concurrent implementation of both LT and I4.0 has been identified, which can be viewed as a starting point for providing top executives and managers with useful insights into enhanced business efficiency and performance. This study furthermore contributes to the overall body of knowledge on LT and I4.0.

Originality/value

The scholarly literature that explores a common set of CSFs for the concurrent implementation of LT and I4.0 is limited. This gap significantly enhances the importance of the present research, contributing to a better understanding amongst both academics and practitioners of the key supporting factors for the integration of the two approaches.
Sustainability consciousness of selected university students in South Africa
Authors: Uleanya Chinaza , Ilesanmi Kehinde Damilola , Yassim Kathija , Olumuyiwa Omotosho Ademola , Kimanzi Mathew
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Sustainable development as well as sustainability is desired globally. However, the knowledge and consciousness of people on issues around sustainability remains questionable. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the sustainability consciousness (SC) of university students in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative research methodology was adopted for this study. The sample comprised 1,591 randomly selected students from four South African universities. The data was collected through an online survey. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used for analysis.

Findings

The findings of this study showed that there is need to consider country-specific contextual issues when considering factors capable of promoting the SC of students. Also, the incorporation of modules on sustainability has the potency of increasing the SC of students.

Originality/value

This study recommends, amongst others, the need for the revision of the curricula of universities to accommodate topical issues on sustainability that are capable of increasing the consciousness of students on the subject. In addition, pedagogical approaches that enhance sustainability knowledge and action (like green pedagogies) are required.