bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does environmental information disclosure promote enterprise green technology innovation?
Authors: Zhang Kun , Li Ji , Ma Weigang , Wang Xingqi
Published: December 2024

Accelerating green technology innovation is essential for promoting economic transformation and achieving sustainable development. Environmental information disclosure (EID) at the city level, as a crucial component of the environmental governance system, provides new opportunities to drive enterprise green technology innovation. This study utilizes the Pollution Source Supervision Information Disclosure Index (PITI), implemented in China since 2008, as a quasi-natural experiment for EID. By integrating data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning the period from 2003 to 2020, a multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model is employed to identify the influence of EID. The findings indicate a positive association between EID and enterprise green technology innovation, resulting in concurrent enhancements in both quantity and quality. The robustness of the conclusions remains intact even after addressing endogeneity concerns. Mechanism analysis reveals that EID stimulates environmental governance by facilitating public participation-based, command-control, and market-incentive environmental regulation, thereby fostering enterprise green technology innovation. In addition, the impact of EID on enterprise green technology innovation is heterogeneous, with the policy effect being more pronounced in highly marketized and resource-rich samples. Finally, combining theoretical analyses and empirical results, relevant suggestions are made for formulating more flexible environmental regulatory policies and building a diversified environmental governance system.
Women’s narratives of experiences, drivers and consequences of mistreatment during maternity care in western Ethiopia
Authors: Kasaye Habtamu , Scarf Vanessa , Sheehy Annabel , Baird Kathleen
Published: December 2024

Background

The mistreatment of women during maternity care hinders quality care globally and deter women from seeking health services. To implement necessary actions, it is essential to explore instances of mistreatment, their factors and negative outcomes. This study explores the narratives of mistreatment experienced by women, its drivers, as well as the consequences of mistreatment.

Methods

We conducted a descriptive qualitative study among women who had received maternity care at East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants in Afan Oromo, each lasting, on average, 30 to 60 minutes. Interviews were conducted within three months of childbirth and discontinued upon reaching data saturation at seventeen interviews. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, translated into English, coded using NVivo 12 and analysed through thematic and framework analysis.

Result

Three main themes were identified in this study: experiences, drivers, and consequences of mistreatment of women during maternity care. The narratives of mistreatment fell into two sub-themes: interpersonal abuse and mistreatment in the process of care. Women described experiencing physical and verbal abuse, stigma, and discrimination, as well as neglect and abandonment, violations of privacy and confidentiality, and health facility failures related to resource limitations. These forms of mistreatment were perceived to arise from a complex interaction of factors at an individual, interpersonal, and facility level, as well as broader health system and societal norms, such as gender inequality. The identified consequences of mistreatment included fear of future childbirth, negative perceptions towards health facilities and healthcare providers, switching to home birth, and psychological stress.

Conclusions

This qualitative study presents women’s first-hand experiences of mistreatment in health facilities, highlighting various forms stemming from interpersonal interactions and systemic deficiencies in care quality. These experiences lead to significant negative consequences and implications on service delivery. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex factors driving mistreatment, extending beyond individual healthcare providers’ behaviours to macro-level health system issues and general violence against women in society. This emphasises the importance of applying a systems-thinking approach to address the abuse and suffering women experience during maternity care in health facilities.
Random survival forest model for early prediction of Alzheimer’s disease conversion in early and late Mild cognitive impairment stages
Authors: Saeed Amna , Waris Asim , Fuwad Ahmed , Iqbal Javaid , Khan Jawad , AlQahtani Dokhyl , Gilani Omer , Shah Umer Hameed ,   for The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2024

With a clinical trial failure rate of 99.6% for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), early diagnosis is critical. Machine learning (ML) models have shown promising results in early AD prediction, with survival ML models outperforming typical classifiers by providing probabilities of disease progression over time. This study utilized various ML survival models to predict the time-to-conversion to AD for early (eMCI) and late (lMCI) Mild Cognitive Impairment stages, considering their different progression rates. ADNI data, consisting of 291 eMCI and 546 lMCI cases, was preprocessed to handle missing values and data imbalance. The models used included Random Survival Forest (RSF), Extra Survival Trees (XST), Gradient Boosting (GB), Survival Tree (ST), Cox-net, and Cox Proportional Hazard (CoxPH). We evaluated cognitive, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and neuroimaging modalities, both individually and combined, to identify the most influential features. Our results indicate that RSF outperformed traditional CoxPH and other ML models. For eMCI, RSF trained on multimodal data achieved a C-Index of 0.90 and an IBS of 0.10. For lMCI, the C-Index was 0.82 and the IBS was 0.16. Cognitive tests showed a statistically significant improvement over other modalities, underscoring their reliability in early prediction. Furthermore, RSF-generated individual survival curves from baseline data facilitate clinical decision-making, aiding clinicians in developing personalized treatment plans and implementing preventive measures to slow or prevent AD progression in prodromal stages.
Body mass as a result of psychological, lifestyle and genetic determinants. A pilot study involving overweight/obese and normal weight women in their early adulthood
Authors: Obara-Gołębiowska Małgorzata , Przybyłowicz Katarzyna Eufemia , Danielewicz Anna , Sawicki Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Aim

The causes of obesity and overweight are complex and depend on mutually interrelated groups of lifestyle, psychological and genetic factors. Among 46 identified point mutations known within FTO gene, mutation SNP rs9939609 has the strongest effect on an increase in body weight. Therefore, the study aimed to assess psychological, lifestyle and genetic factors (expressed by the frequency of the FTO SNP rs-9939609 gene variant) and their association with body weight in young adult women.

Methods

We genotyped FTO rs9939609 SNP in cheek swabs collected from 49 women aged 18–35, equally with and without overweight and obesity. Eating behaviour was defined based on the Questionnaire of Eating-Related Behaviors (QERB) and physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Classical anthropometric indices and the body composition analysis results measured by bioelectrical impedance were used to characterise nutritional status.

Results

Overweight/obese participants had significantly higher body composition parameters than normal-weight participants, along with lower physical activity levels and more time spent sitting. Overweight/obese women presented significantly higher scores in emotional overeating, habitual overeating, and dietary restrictions, indicating more problematic eating behaviors compared to normal-weight individuals. No significant differences were observed in BMI, lifestyle factors, or eating behaviors across FTO gene variants (AA, AT, and TT). However, the TT and AT FTO gene variant groups showed significant positive correlations between habitual overeating and key measures of body weight (BMI, WC, and FM). In contrast, the AA variant group exhibited fewer associations between psychological and lifestyle factors with body weight.

Conclusions

Psychological and lifestyle factors, particularly overeating behaviors, were more strongly associated with increased body weight in women with the TT and AT variants of the FTO SNP rs-9939609 gene, highlighting the potential influence of genetic predisposition on eating habits and weight status in this population. Proper eating habits and high physical activity play an important role in preventing overweight and obesity regardless of the genotype that poses a potential risk of weight gain. The study’s findings bring practical implications for health education and health psychology.
Does the site of research evidence generation impact on its translation to clinical practice? A protocol paper
Authors: Pu Dai , Mitchell Debra , Brusco Natasha , Stephen Kelly , Hutchinson Ana , Griffith Anna , McDonald Cassie , Irwin Lucy , Said Cathy , O’Brien Lisa , Weller-Newton Jennifer , Haines Terry P.
Published: December 2024

The research-to-practice gap is a well-known phenomenon. The adoption of evidence into clinical practice needs to consider the complexity of the health care system and a multitude of contextual issues. Research evidence is usually a form of extrinsic motivation for practice change, but works best when it aligns with the intrinsic values of the system and the people in it. Health professionals tend to refer to internal, local policies, information sources and procedures more than external academic research evidence. This protocol paper describes a mixed-methods study with a quasi-experimental design that seeks to investigate how involvement in research might impact the uptake or implementation of recommendations arising from that research. Research evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mobilisation alarms for falls prevention will be disseminated at 36 hospital wards in Victoria, Australia. Eighteen of these wards will be sites where this research evidence was generated; another 18 wards will not have been involved in evidence generation. The uptake of research evidence will be measured across three time points using quantitative and qualitative data.

Trial registration: This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000823875p.
An empirical research based on spatial–temporal evolution of high-quality tourism development in Fujian Province of China
Authors: Ke Ying , Yang Min , Xie Yajun
Published: December 2024

The high-quality development of tourism is crucial to the sustainable development of regional economy. To evaluate high-quality tourism development, this paper has developed an index system with 6 second-level indicators and 24 third-level indicators and used methods of entropy-weight, AHP, and TOPSIS to empirically assess the high-quality tourism development of 9 cities in Fujian Province. According to the results, there are obvious regional differences in the development of high-quality tourism in Fujian Province. From 2016 to 2019, the overall development trend of cities in Fujian Province was consistent, showing a steady upward trend. Green development in tourism has the best performance, which was less affected by the COVID-19. Fuzhou and Xiamen contribute most to the tourism development of Fujian Province, while other cities are lagging behind for various reasons and the lack of innovation and shared development are two of them. Based on the results of the research, we put forward the following suggestions: Fujian should coordinate the planning of the province’s green eco-tourism resources to maximize the use of resources. It should combine the advantages of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries and fully develop both advanced regions and under-developed regions. It should also explore areas of potential growth in the tourism sector, such as Sanming, Longyan, and Nanpin, by strengthening digital innovation and sharing resources with Xiamen, Fuzhou, Quanzhou and other highly-developed tourism regions.
Colon mucosal proteomics of ankylosing spondylitis versus gut inflammation
Authors: Cheng Miao , Xiao Siqi , Kayi Shaer , Guan Yujie , Liu Yingxin , Chen Jianmei , Chen Hua , Wang Lei , He Xiaojin
Published: December 2024

Objective

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients often present with microscopic signs of gut inflammation. We used proteomic techniques to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the colon tissues of patients with AS and patients with gut inflammation, and then used investigated the influence of NMRAL1 protein on inflammatory cytokines to explore its potential role in the pathogenesis of AS and gut inflammation.

Methods

Colonic mucosal tissues were collected from four different groups: healthy individuals (group A), patients with gut inflammation only (group B), patients with AS only (group C), and patients with AS combined with gut inflammation (group D). A total of 20 samples were processed for proteomic analysis, wherein proteins were extracted using SDT lysis, followed by separation via sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The proteins were digested using the filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) method and then analyzed using a timsTOF Pro mass spectrometer. The resulting peptide data were used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) across the different groups. To further explore the inflammation-related function of NMRAL1 protein, the murine monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used. NMRAL1 mRNA expression levels were assessed via RT-qPCR, and inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-23) were measured using ELISA following NMRAL1 siRNA transfection in LPS-treated macrophages.

Results

We collected colonic mucosa specimens from 20 patients, including groups A,B, C and D with 5 patients in each group. We established a database of DEPs and identified 107 (63 upregulated and 44 downregulated) between group B and group A, 78 (16 upregulated and 62 downregulated) between group D and group C, 45 (8 upregulated and 37 downregulated) between group D and group B, and 57 (33 upregulated and 24 downregulated) between group C and group A. Further analysis revealed that the NmrA-like family domain containing 1 (NMRAL1) protein was identified as a DEP specifically associated with group D. The results of in vitro results showed a significant decrease in NMRAL1 mRNA expression in LPS-treated cells (P<0.001), which was further reduced in NMRAL1 siRNA-transfected cells (P<0.0001), confirming successful transfection. ELISA results revealed that the levels of key inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-23) were significantly elevated in the LPS-treated model group (P<0.0001, P<0.001), but these levels were significantly decreased after NMRAL1 siRNA transfection (P<0.0001, P<0.01, P<0.05).

Conclusion

NMRAL1 is identified as a key differentially expressed protein in AS patients with gut inflammation. Knockdown of NMRAL1 significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of AS and gut inflammation, and as a possible therapeutic target.
Estimating the collapse of Afghanistan’s economy using nightlights data
Authors: Saenger Till Raphael , Kapstein Ethan B. , Sircar Ronnie
Published: December 2024

The Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021 is associated with a rapid collapse of the Afghan economy. However, assessing the scale of this collapse is proving difficult as official data are scarce. To complement qualitative measures obtained through rapid surveys of the population, we employ monthly nightlights data as a proxy measure for changes in economic activity. By combining a synthetic control approach with nightlights data from neighboring countries, our analysis reveals a significant shift in Afghanistan’s economic trajectory: from positive growth to a deep recession, even considering the impact of the Covid pandemic. Our estimations suggest that Afghanistan’s GDP has declined by approximately 16% from 2020 to 2022, notably less than the World Bank’s current survey-based measure of a 28% decline in 2021 alone. In contrast to other available estimates, our reporting includes confidence intervals to convey the uncertainties surrounding these point estimates. This study showcases the potential applicability of our methodology and the use of appropriately processed monthly nightlights data in scenarios where administrative data is limited or unreliable.
Factors associated with the uptake and utilisation of diabetic retinopathy screening services in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review
Authors: Nwaoha Iheanyi Oby , Balibuno Albain Ayime , Ibrahim Nuha
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of chronic Diabetes that can lead to visual impairment if left untreated. While concerted efforts have been made to develop screening modalities to facilitate the early detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the factors impacting the optimal use of these screening services. This paper aims to identify and highlight factors associated with the access of Diabetic Retinopathy screening services from patient and service provider perspectives.

Methodology

This scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature was conducted from May 2023 to June 2023. Electronic databases searched include Medline, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, and African Journal Online (AJOL). Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved records for eligibility, and relevant data was extracted from the included studies. A descriptive overview of key findings was provided, and the 5As conceptual framework of access to healthcare was used to map the identified factors.

Results

The search strategy yielded 873 records. Of those, 19 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Health literacy and duration of Diabetes were reported in 12 and 9 studies as the most common factors associated with DR screening services access. Similarly, age at onset and inadequate referral by healthcare providers were cited as significant determinants of DR screening access in 7 studies, respectively.

Conclusion

The 5As framework of access to healthcare aids our understanding of factors associated with the access of DR screening from patient and service provider standpoints. To address these issues, there is a need for more research on this topic to design effective DR screening services in the region.
Role of immune-related endoplasmic reticulum stress genes in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy: Novel insights from bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhen Wan-Jing , Zhang Yan , Fu Wei-Dong , Fu Xiao-Lei , Yan Xin
Published: December 2024

Background

The current study aims to elucidate the key molecular mechanisms linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) and offer innovative therapeutic targets for SIC.

Methods

The study downloaded dataset GSE79962 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and acquired the ERS-related gene set from GeneCards. It utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and conducted differential expression analysis to identify key modules and genes associated with SIC. The SIC hub genes were determined by the intersection of WGCNA-based hubs, DEGs, and ERS-related genes, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Enrichment analyses, encompassing GO, KEGG, GSEA, and GSVA, were performed to elucidate potential biological pathways. The CIBERSORT algorithm was employed to analyze immune infiltration patterns. Diagnostic and prognostic models were developed to assess the clinical significance of hub genes in SIC. Additionally, in vivo experiments were conducted to validate the expression of hub genes.

Results

Differential analysis revealed 1031 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while WGCNA identified a hub module with 1327 key genes. Subsequently, 13 hub genes were pinpointed by intersecting with ERS-related genes. NOX4, PDHB, SCP2, ACTC1, DLAT, EDN1, and NSDHL emerged as hub ERS-related genes through the protein-protein interaction network, with their diagnostic values confirmed via ROC curves. Diagnostic models incorporating five genes (NOX4, PDHB, ACTC1, DLAT, NSDHL) were validated using the LASSO algorithm, highlighting only the prognostic significance of serum PDHB levels in predicting the survival of septic patients. Additionally, decreased PDHB mRNA and protein expression levels were observed in the cardiac tissue of septic mice compared to control mice.

Conclusions

This study elucidated the interplay between metabolism and the immune microenvironment in SIC, providing fresh perspectives on the investigation of potential SIC pathogenesis. PDHB emerged as a significant biomarker of SIC, with implications on its progression through the regulation of ERS and metabolism.
Application of Simodont virtual simulation system for preclinical teaching of access and coronal cavity preparation
Authors: Wei Yaru , Peng Zhengjun
Published: December 2024

To explore the quality, reliability, and practical effect of the Simodont virtual simulation training system in preclinical teaching of access and coronal cavity preparation for dental undergraduate students. Twenty dental undergraduate students from Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, were recruited and randomly divided into two groups after theory training. The groups were allocated using the random number method and assessed for access and coronal cavity preparation skills using a standardized assessment form and the Simodont virtual simulation system operation manual. Baseline scores were recorded for each student. One group received training with the Simodont virtual simulation system, while the other used a conventional phantom simulator system. After training, skills were reassessed, and scores were recorded. The groups then switched training systems and were assessed again. All students completed a Teaching Questionnaire at the end of the training. Data was collected and analyzed. The mean score of students in the virtual simulation priority group (15.9 ± 0.56 points) and the phantom-simulator priority group (15.3 ± 0.40 points) was significantly higher than the baseline score (13.3 ± 0.63 points) and (13.1 ± 0.30 points) (P < 0.05), respectively. Furthermore, the mean score of students in the virtual simulation priority group after training with both systems (15.9 ± 0.56 points) was significantly higher than that of the students in the virtual simulation priority group alone (14.2 ± 0.62 points) (P < 0.05). The mean score was also significantly higher in the virtual simulation priority group of students (15.9 ± 0.56 points) trained with both systems than in the phantom-simulator priority group of students (15.3 ± 0.40 points) trained with both systems for the assessment (p < 0.05). The mean score of students in the phantom-simulator priority group (15.3 ± 0.40 points) after training with both systems was significantly higher than that of the students in the phantom-simulator priority group alone (14.3 ± 0.28 points) (P < 0.05). The questionnaire results showed that the students fully agreed that "the Simodont virtual simulation system has the characteristics of repeatability, multi-dimensionality, and multiple practices, and gives me more attention to details. However, they also noted that "it needs to be improved and upgraded to be closer to the conventional phantom-simulator system. Compared with the conventional phantom-simulator system alone, the preclinical teaching effectiveness of access and coronal cavity preparation could be significantly enhanced by incorporating the Simodont virtual simulation system alongside the phantom-simulator training system. The training sequence might influence this improvement.
The landscape of alternative splicing in granulosa cells and a potential novel role of YAP1 in PCOS
Authors: Yang Linlin , Chen Jianhua , Miao Hui , Li Na , Bi Huilin , Feng Ruizhi , Miao Congxiu
Published: December 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent yet complex reproductive endocrine disorder affecting 11–13% of women worldwide. Its main symptoms include elevated androgen levels, irregular menstrual cycles, and long-term metabolic and offspring health implications. Despite the disease’s multifaceted nature involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, the role of alternative splicing in ovarian granulosa cells remains relatively unexplored. This study aims to investigate the transcriptional and alternative splicing characteristics of granulosa cells in PCOS patients and to elucidate the potential functional consequences of these changes. Analysis of previous published transcriptome sequencing data identified 491 upregulated and 401 downregulated genes in granulosa cells of PCOS patients, significantly involved in immune-related processes. Additionally, 1250 differential splicing events, predominantly involving exon skipping and affecting 947 genes, were detected. These genes with alternative splicing patterns were found to be enriched in endoplasmic reticulum stress and protein post-translational modification processes, suggesting their role in PCOS pathology. Moreover, the study highlighted that the utilization of different splice isoforms of the YAP1 gene may impact its interaction in the Hippo signaling pathway, influencing the pathogenesis of PCOS. These findings underscore substantial alterations in alternative splicing in granulosa cells of PCOS patients, providing a novel viewpoint for comprehending the molecular underpinnings of PCOS and suggesting potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Data Processing and Analysis to Improve the Management of Broadcasting Grants in Brazil
Authors:   Federal  Institute  of  Paraíba, Pereira da Silva Higo , Almeida Pedro ,   University of Brasília, Torres José , Frota Uanderson , Alvim Pedro , Gonçalves Daniel , Silva Hugerles , Dias Ugo , Silva Daniel ,   University of Brasilia, Soares Thiago ,   Brazilian Ministry of Communications, Silva Thiago ,   Brazilian Ministry of Communications
Published: December 2024

The Brazilian Ministry of Communications (MCom) currently utilizes the Mosaico platform for managing broadcasting grants. However, this platform primarily focuses on channel data, which does not align directly with the requirements of grant management. Consequently, there arises an imperative need for the development of a dedicated grants management system (GMS). To address this need effectively, it is crucial to undertake a thorough sanitation process for channel data. The objective is to identify errors and inconsistencies within the records and to adapt this data to a structure tailored to broadcasting grants. In this context, this paper presents the results of data processing derived from a python module named Mosaico database analysis (MDbA). The MDbA serves the purpose of automating the detection of errors and inconsistencies within the Mosaico channel database. It achieves this by applying predefined processing rules, which were defined in conjunction with a MCom team. Additionally, the module facilitates the creation of a new data structure specifically designed for grants, referred to as the grant data structure (GDS). As a result of the analysis conducted by MDbA, approximately 46941 inconsistencies of various types were identified within the Mosaico data. Moreover, leveraging a novel methodology for aggregating channel data in grants, approximately 23257 GDSs were established.
O texto como aporte de vetores do letramento científico
Authors: Brambila Guilherme
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho visa identificar a presença de vetores do letramento científico em textos de divulgação científica constantes em livros didáticos de língua portuguesa para o ensino médio aprovados no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático de 2021. Considerando a previsão curricular de ensino de textos do universo científico nas aulas de língua portuguesa por força da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, propõe-se um quadro de vetores do letramento científico com a finalidade de promover a análise e a otimização do planejamento docente, facilitando a promoção de práticas exitosas de letramento científico desde a escola básica. Parte-se dos estudos teóricos da Linguística Textual (Marcuschi, 2007; Elias, 2016; Brambila; Elias, 2023; Bentes, 2024; Brambila, 2024) e do letramento científico (Norris; Philips, 2003; Aikenhead, 2006; Magalhães; Cristovão, 2018; Valladares, 2021) para a construção do quadro de vetores. A análise de textos extraídos de livros didáticos é conduzida por uma metodologia qualitativa. Os resultados indicam que textos do universo científico não aportam necessariamente todos os vetores do letramento científico previamente elencados, o que revela a relevância da proposta de um quadro analítico ao trabalho e à intervenção docente nas aulas de língua portuguesa.
O discurso institucional sobre a mobilidade internacional Brasil-Colômbia e a formação do professor de espanhol
Authors: Lima Samuel de Carvalho , Guerra Wigna Thalissa
Published: December 2024

Este estudo apresenta uma discussão sobre o discurso institucional de um Instituto Federal sobre a mobilidade acadêmica como forma de divulgação de um programa de intercâmbio promovido pela instituição, bem como as avaliações e produções de sentido sobre essas experiências, tanto sob a perspectiva dos estudantes participantes quanto sob a perspectiva da própria instituição. À luz do conceito de língua do Círculo de Bakhtin, analisamos as relações dialógicas em 3 posts do Instagram de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do nordeste brasileiro. Os posts refletem e refratam a experiência de uma mobilidade internacional de 1 semestre acadêmico vivenciada por 2 estudantes brasileiros do curso Letras/Espanhol no segundo semestre de 2023. A análise do corpus revela que o discurso institucional mantém relações dialógicas com o discurso jornalístico, constituindo-se, predominantemente, por meio do discurso dos estudantes, citado de forma direta, garantindo-lhe uma ênfase valorativa positiva em relação à relevância da mobilidade internacional na formação do futuro professor de espanhol. Conjuntamente, o discurso institucional se torna um palco em que, pelo menos, 2 opiniões se encontram: por um lado, a experiência internacional no país em que a língua estrangeira é falada como primeira língua é importante; por outro lado, ela não é imprescindível. No debate ideológico, o discurso institucional responde ao contexto brasileiro mais imediato, em que cursos de formação de professores, devido à desvalorização da carreira docente, não têm demonstrado índices satisfatórios quanto ao acesso e êxito de estudantes em cursos de ensino superior, ao passo que se endereça à comunidade civil de modo a apresentá-los como atrativos, por meio de uma relação dialógica difusa com o discurso publicitário.
Na interação com o ChatGPT, uma conversa sobre letramentos acadêmicos
Authors: Souza-Silva Everton Henrique , Pereira Sônia Virginia Martins
Published: December 2024

As inteligências artificiais (IA) existem há mais de meio século, no entanto, as inteligências artificiais generativas (GenAI) são recentes e responsáveis pela forte popularização e pelo incremento do debate público acerca dessa área de conhecimentos nos últimos anos. Nesse enquadre, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as singularidades do uso de inteligências artificiais generativas no planejamento e na composição de textos acadêmicos/científicos, considerando-se a subjetividade autoral e a ética na produção intelectual. Para isso, sob abordagem qualitativa, realizamos uma pesquisa teórico-descritiva, na qual exploramos a ferramenta ChatGPT, por meio de um inventário de perguntas, em torno do termo-conceito “letramentos acadêmicos”, que buscaram desafiar o banco de dados dessa GenAI. A partir dos questionamentos, as respostas geradas pela máquina, por sua vez, foram contrastadas com a fundamentação teórica deste estudo, composta por Cortiz (2023), Buzato (2023), Lea e Street (2006), Street (2010; 2014 [1995]) e Silva (2016). Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de um estudante-usuário com gestos críticos, que compreenda as respostas geradas por modelos de linguagem, a exemplo do ChatGPT, como pontos incipientes de fomento para reflexões sobre objetos de conhecimento, atentando para o uso responsável de dados fornecidos por esses modelos. Requer-se, portanto, do estudante sua autonomia autoral, para a construção de saberes acadêmicos/científicos e sua textualização através de GenAI.
Intimidade artificial
Authors: Farhat Theodoro Casalotti
Published: December 2024

Fundamentado pela Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF), este estudo procurou explorar capacidades (con)textuais do ChatGPT (versão 4o), um dos chatbots de inteligência artificial mais populares contemporaneamente. Mais especificamente, investigamos capacidades relativas ao sistema contextual de distância social, que descreve o grau de “intimidade” realizado pelo texto. Para isso, trabalhamos com dois corpora paralelos: em um, instruímos o ChatGPT acerca do sistema em questão e de sua realização semiótica; depois, solicitamos que parafraseasse cinco textos naturais, segundo os quatro graus de distância social descritos pelo sistema e seguindo os princípios realizacionais propostos; em outro, pedimos que os mesmos textos fossem parafraseados segundo graus de “intimidade”, “pessoalidade” e “formalidade” – termos êmicos que frequentemente dizem respeito a diferentes graus de distância social. As paráfrases artificiais foram, então, analisadas qualitativamente segundo descrições léxico-gramaticais e semântico-discursivas da LSF. Como resultado, observamos que a instrução explícita acerca dos princípios que regem a realização do sistema resulta em paráfrases com índices realizacionais mais numerosos e salientes de cada um dos graus de distância social, com implicações relevantes tanto para a investigação analítica de produções artificiais enquanto objetos sociossemióticos quanto para aplicações em diferentes áreas.
Representación sociodiscursiva del feminicidio y la ética en la prensa del noreste mexicano
Authors: Estrada Olga Nelly , Flores María Eugenia
Published: December 2024

El feminicidio es el resultado de la violencia patriarcal e institucional que sufren las mujeres en todo el mundo (Lagarde, 2005). México se encuentra con un alto índice de feminicidios después de Honduras y el Salvador. Este trabajo indaga el proceso de la construcción mediática en la representación sociodiscursiva de cuatro casos de feminicidios, ocurridos en el noreste de México. Estos casos fueron publicados en diarios de la prensa mexicana y también involucran a otros actores sociales como las familias de las víctimas, organizaciones sociales, activistas y gobierno. Con base en el estudio del discurso, de la ética y con perspectiva feminista nos interesa saber cómo el poder patriarcal es reproducido por los medios periodísticos mediante argumentos emocionales, discursos discriminatorios y sexistas (Estrada, 2017). Los resultados apuntan a un uso discriminatorio del lenguaje, al empleo de falacias argumentativas y un empleo ideológico del discurso para invisibilizar las causas objetivas de los crímenes. Por lo tanto, nos preocupa, desde el compromiso ético (Amossy, 2016), académico y profesional, reflexionar sobre el tratamiento discursivo del fenómeno para incidir en un cambio social de manera que no se revictimice a las mujeres victimadas y sus familias.
Aspectos da tecnotextualidade na gestão dialógica de pontos de vista em postagens de Junior Yanomami no X
Authors: De Melo Catelão Evandro , Muniz-Lima Isabel
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho, problematizamos algumas estratégias de tecnotextualidade que podem provocar interatividade e efeitos argumentativos em postagens publicadas pelo ativista Junior Yanomami (@JYanomami) na rede social X. O estudo, de natureza descritivo/interpretativa, objetiva discutir usos tecnodiscursivos em postagens do comunicador indígena a respeito da crise humanitária na terra Yanomami (Brasil). O corpus selecionado toma como base dois momentos recentes e distintos na política brasileira: o fim do regime de extrema direita de Bolsonaro e o início do governo progressista de Lula. A pesquisa propõe aproximações entre pressupostos da Linguística Textual (Adam, 2020; Cavalcante et al., 2022), da abordagem enunciativo-interacional (Rabatel, 2017) e da Análise do Discurso Digital (Paveau, 2021). Neste estudo, assumimos um olhar da argumentação pelas instâncias onde podem ser encontradas/delimitadas figuras de elocução e, nesse sentido, propomos aproximações entre reflexões de Paveau (2021) e de Rabatel (2017). Resultados das análises revelaram certo gerenciamento enunciativo identificado, entre outros aspectos, pela observação dos níveis de interatividade (Muniz-Lima, 2024). O uso de recursos de ordem tecnolinguageira (links, imagens, marcação de perfis, hashtags), convocados tanto por Junior Yanomami quanto por seus interlocutores, contribuiu para um certo tipo de condução ou fortalecimento do projeto argumentativo buscando a adesão dos interlocutores.
Factores determinantes del tipo de reporte corporativo usado por las compañías latinoamericanas
Authors: Herrera Ortiz Alejandra , Correa Mejía Diego Andrés
Published: December 2024

Los reportes corporativos son el mecanismo de rendición de cuentas por excelencia. Este estudio buscó analizar los factores que determinan el uso específico de un tipo de reporte corporativo divulgado por las empresas que cotizan en el Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano-MILA. Se utilizó un conjunto de datos de panel de 109 empresas durante el periodo 2016-2021 para establecer relaciones entre el tipo de reporte con variables independientes internas y externas. Los resultados ofrecen evidencia empírica a nivel latinoamericano de que una buena estructura de gobierno corporativo se asocia positivamente con el tipo de reporte corporativo, mientras que la calidad de la regulación del país tiene un efecto negativo y el control de la corrupción tiene el impacto contrario, los cuales se compensan con el gobierno corporativo. Ahora, las variables de desempeño financiero no tuvieron gran significancia en la elección del reporte.
Desarrollo de una bebida alcohólica a partir de cubio (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz & Pav.) empleando levadura de Saccharomyces bayanus
Authors: Morantes Triana Martha , Lopez Molinello Alfredo , Prieto Lena , Povea Ismael , Saenz Santiago
Published: December 2024

Contexto: Cubio (Tropaeolum tuberosum), un tubérculo ancestral cultivado en regiones selectas de Colombia, posee valor nutricional significante pero continúa siendo marginalizado. Este estudio busca expandir el reconocimiento del cubio al diversificar sus aplicaciones mediante la producción de una bebida alcohólica fermentada.
Método: Inicialmente, el tubérculo de cubio fue caracterizado. Se empleó un pretratamiento concentrado y enzimático para liberar azúcares. Después se llevó a cabo el proceso de fermentación, utilizando Saccharomyces bayanus en un biorreactor cuidadosamente configurado y controlado. El medio de la fermentación estaba compuesto de 0.1 % de (NH4) H2PO4, 0.3 % de MgSO4, 0.5 % de peptona y 0.3 % de extracto de levadura, a fin de alcanzar un contenido de alcohol de 15 °GL. El biorreactor fue inoculado con Saccharomyces bayanus a 25 °C, manteniendo un pH de 5.2 y una velocidad de agitación de 100 rpm. Se monitorearon diariamente los niveles de pH, la concentración de azúcar y la biomasa a lo largo de un periodo de 15 días. Finalmente, se evaluaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas, los atributos físicos y las cualidades sensoriales del producto resultante.
Resultados: El análisis del tubérculo de cubio evidenció la presencia de 2.18 ± 0.002 % de azúcares reductores, 4.48 ± 0.064 % de proteína y 1.66 ± 0.015 % de almidón. A lo largo del proceso de fermentación, la levadura mostró una tasa de crecimiento de 2.3786 mg.L-1.día-1. Como resultado, la concentración de azúcares reductores se redujo a 15.45 mg.L-1.día-1, y se observó una producción de alcohol de 1.1786 ºGL.día-1. La bebida alcohólica final contenía 15.24 °GL, con un pH de 4.5 y una acidez total de 7.21 ± 0.029 g. L-1. Adicionalmente, un panel de expertos calificó positivamente el sabor y el aroma de la bebida.
Conclusión: Es tecnológicamente posible producir una bebida fermentada alcohólica de calidad adecuada a partir de tubérculo de cubio, lo que implica un uso alternativo para este cultivo ancestral.
Nursing Home Admission and Home Care Initiation After Acute Aortic Dissection: A Nationwide Registry-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Pedersen Maria Weinkouff , Oksjoki Riina , Møller Jacob Eifer , Gundlund Anna , Fosbøl Emil , Nielsen Dorte Guldbrand , Køber Lars , Andersen Mikkel Porsborg , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Søgaard Peter , Andersen Niels Holmark , Kragholm Kristian
Published: December 2024

Background:

Little is known about long-term outcomes beyond survival following acute aortic dissection. The aim of this research was to evaluate rates of home care initiation and nursing home admission during the first year after discharge and to assess factors associated with these needs.

Methods:

All patients in Denmark with a first-time diagnosis of acute aortic dissection type A or B between 2006 and 2015 were identified using national registries. Patients discharged alive without nursing home or home care use before aortic dissection were included, along with age-matched and sex-matched population controls without aortic dissection (at a ratio of 1:5). Cause-specific multivariable Cox regression was used to derive adjusted hazard ratios.

Results:

The study population comprised 1093 patients and 5465 control individuals with a median (IQR) age of 64 (55-71) years; 70.6% were men. During their hospital stay, 2.7% of patients were registered with a first-time diagnosis of stroke, 7.1% with heart failure, and 2.2% with acute kidney failure; 5.9% of patients needed first-time dialysis. During the first year after discharge, 0.8% of patients who had had aortic dissection were admitted to a nursing home, 7.8% started home care, and 5.9% died. Among controls, these rates were 0.2%, 1.2%, and 1.2%, respectively. Patients who had had aortic dissection had significantly increased risk of initiating home care (hazard ratio, 7.47 [95% CI, 5.38-18.37]; P < .001) and of being admitted to a nursing home (hazard ratio, 4.28 [95% CI, 1.73-10.59]; P = .001). Initiation of home care and nursing home admission were related to advanced age, female sex, preexisting comorbidities, in-hospital complications, and conservative management of type A aortic dissection.

Conclusion:

Only a small proportion of patients who survived an aortic dissection needed home care or nursing home admission after hospital discharge.
Book review of: Grabski-Kieron, Ulrike; Kordel, Stefan; Krajewski, Christian; Mose, Ingo; Steinführer, Annett (Hrsg.) (2024): Geographie ländlicher Räume
Authors: Schmied Doris
Published: December 2024

Buchrezension.
Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Nipah Shell Charcoal (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Fadlilah Ilma , Pramita Ayu , Dwityaningsih Rosita
Published: December 2024

Graphene, an allotrope of carbon, consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice and holds significant potential for diverse applications. This study focuses on the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) from nipah shell charcoal (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) using a modified Hummer’s method combined with microwave irradiation, employing L-ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. The synthesized rGO was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The FTIR spectra revealed an aromatic C=C ring stretching vibration at 1591.47 cm-1. The XRD analysis showed characteristic rGO peaks at 2θ ~ 27.58° and 48.45°. SEM images indicated that the rGO exhibited sheet-like structures with slight wrinkling. Elemental analysis identified carbon and oxygen as the primary elements in both GO and rGO, alongside trace impurities, including N, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Zn, and S. An increase in the C/O ratio from 1.90 in GO to 2.38 in rGO confirmed the successful synthesis of reduced graphene oxide.
Comparative effectiveness of plant-derived insecticides against whiteflies Bemisia tabaci Gennadius and thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman in tomatoes: A laboratory study
Authors: Bhanu G Satya , Elaiyabharathi T , Suganthi A , Kavitha C , Santhanakrishnan VP
Published: December 2024

Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and thrips (Thrips tabaci) are significant sucking pests of tomatoes, posing increasing threats to crop health and leading to considerable economic losses, particularly in the context of climate change. These pests are also vectors for viral transmission, further diminishing crop quality and yield. A laboratory bioassay was conducted to assess the efficacy of several plant-derived insecticide formulations, including Adathoda leaf extract soap (10 %) @ 7 g/L, Azadirachtin (1000 ppm) @ 2 mL/L, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) (5 %) @ 5 mL/L, Neem soap (10 %) @ 7 g/L and the microbial insecticide Lecanicillium lecanii (1 × 108 cfu/g) @ 5mL/L, along with Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 0.3g/L as a chemical control. The results indicated that Thiamethoxam 25% WG achieved the highest mortality rate against whiteflies at 72 hr post-treatment (72 %), followed by Adathoda leaf extract soap (10%) (64.00 %), Azadirachtin (63.2 %), L. lecanii (60 %), Neem soap (61.5 %) and NSKE (59.2 %). For thrips, Thiamethoxam 25% WG again demonstrated the greatest effectiveness (71.20 %), with Adathoda leaf extract soap (10%) (65.60 %), Azadirachtin (64.25 %), L. lecanii (58.20%), Neem soap (60.80 %) and NSKE (59.80 %) following. This research highlights the potential of Adathoda leaf extract soap (10 %) as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional neem formulations, suggesting its suitability for integration into future Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for tomatoes.
Growth and quality of 'Gulfblaze' plums subjected to fertigation
Authors: Grezele Fochesato Vinício , Silvestre Wendel Paulo , Fonseca dos Santos Strassburger Katiúscia , Cocco Carine
Published: December 2024

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of applying different doses of fertilizers through fertigation on the production, fruit quality, and nutritional status of the plum tree cultivar 'Gulfblaze'. The experiment was conducted in Antônio Prado, RS, during the 2019/2020 harvest in a 'Gulfblaze' plum orchard established in 2014, with a density of 800 plants per hectare. The treatments applied were T1: Irrigation only, without fertilizer application; T2: Fertigation with 50 % of the dose recommended by CQFS-RS/SC; T3: Fertigation with 100 % of the recommendation; T4: Fertigation with 150 % of the recommendation, and T5: Fertigation at 200 % of the recommendation. A randomized block experimental design was used, with five treatments and three replications, with each plot consisting of 26 plants, and of these, five were used for evaluations. The diameter, length, and average mass of fruits increased as the fertigation doses increased. The firmness of the fruit pulp, as well as the leaf area of the plant, performed better at doses of 150 % and 200 % of the recommended amount. The highest and lowest fertigation doses promoted a higher soluble solids content and SS/AT ratio, indicating an improvement in the qualitative parameters of the plums.