bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Design Approach to Flood Problem in Palembang City
Authors: Kamil Erfan M , Asysyauki Akhmad Hamdi , Diem Anson Ferdiant
Published: September 2023

Flood in city of Palembang caused by many factors. Inadequate and unconnected city drainage channels, as well as the geomorphological condition of the city which is a lowland with rivers and swamps are the causes of flooding that routinely occurs. Various ways to overcome flooding have been done but still not effective, flooding still occurs and the losses incurred are also increasing. This paper took urban design as a tool to tackle flood problems without ignoring other technical aspects. The purpose of this research is to find the main problem of flood and then analyze it with urban context to get the effective solutions. The method which selected are literature and comparative study. The conclusion is the needed of a master plan of flood intervention, re-established green open space until 30% of total area, Fix the drainage system, install storm-water way system and reclaimed river, swamp as flood control.
Pemodelan Tata Ruang Pekarangan Rumah Tinggal Suku Madura Berbasis Tanaman Edible Lokal
Authors: Santoso Dian Kartika , Setyabudi Irawan , Rahmawati Atina
Published: September 2023

Indonesia has very rich natural and cultural resources. One of them is the uniqueness of one of the islands in East Java, namely Madura. Madura has a different climate from most of East Java, so that allows for different natural resources. Conservation is one thing that can be done to protect biodiversity. Utilization of edible plants or plants that can be eaten is one way. There needs to be a modeling of the Madurese yard based on local edible plants. The method used in this research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, namely understanding the phenomenon experienced by the research subject as a whole, and describing it. Several plants that have been identified as edible are moringa leaves, Chinese petai, katu, pumpkin, banana cobs and pumpkin leaves which are commonly consumed as daily food. While the people of Madura, who are known for their tradition of drinking herbal medicine, use several plants such as tamarind to mix their herbal medicine. So far, the use of yards in the area of Madura, Bangkalan in particular has grown organically. The results of the yard modeling proposed by the study are the utilization of the back of the long-crop arrangement for planting food crops, this is because only the back can be used as a family yard and use plant as a border.
Optimalisasi Ruang Gerak Siswa pada Area Komunal Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putri Amelia Kiki , Damayanti Galuh , Rahma Annisa Ullya
Published: September 2023

In addition to teaching and learning activities, in elementary schools there are interactions between students and teachers, as well as students and students. This study focuses on activities in the communal area of a primary school to be analyzed according to the needs of users. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide solutions for related parties in the development of communal areas in accordance with their existing activities and conditions. Research is descriptive quality research with data collection through questionnaires, surveys and interviews from teachers/ school administrators. Sampling interviews to determine aspects of the needs of space users, literature studies to find out the standards and aspects needed to determine the factors that influence the design of communal areas, and the characteristics of users, the students. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that space optimization can be done by means of communal areas made with open-layout in order to facilitate student movement and can be used tentatively at certain times, it is also necessary to manage access times and types of student activities when there is a change of class or communal area activities, considering the limited space. Research can be continued by comparing with similar case studies to find rhythms and solutions that can be applied in general or specifically per object of study.
Sentiment Analysis Based on Performance of Linear Support Vector Machine and Multinomial Naïve Bayes Using Movie Reviews with Baseline Techniques
Authors: Danyal Mian Muhammad , Khan Sarwar Shah , Khan Muzammil , Ghaffar Muhammad Bilal , Khan Bilal , Arshad Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Movies are the better source of entertainment. Every year, a great percentage of movies are released. People comment on movies in the form of reviews after watching them. Since it is difficult to read all of the reviews for a movie, summarizing all of the reviews will help make this decision without wasting time in reading all of the reviews. Opinion mining also known as sentiment analysis is the process of extracting subjective information from textual data. Opinion mining involves identifying and extracting the opinions of individuals, which can be positive, neutral, or negative. The task of opinion mining also called sentiment analysis is performed to understand people’s emotions and attitudes in movie reviews. Movie reviews are an important source of opinion data because they provide insight into the general public’s opinions about a particular movie. The summary of all reviews can give a general idea about the movie. This study compares baseline techniques, Logistic Regression, Random Forest Classifier, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Gradient Boosting Classifier, and Passive Aggressive Classifier with Linear Support Vector Machines and Multinomial Naïve Bayes on the IMDB Dataset of 50K reviews and Sentiment Polarity Dataset Version 2.0. Before applying these classifiers, in pre-processing both datasets are cleaned, duplicate data is dropped and chat words are treated for better results. On the IMDB Dataset of 50K reviews, Linear Support Vector Machines achieve the highest accuracy of 89.48%, and after hyperparameter tuning, the Passive Aggressive Classifier achieves the highest accuracy of 90.27%, while Multinomial Nave Bayes achieves the highest accuracy of 70.69% and 71.04% after hyperparameter tuning on the Sentiment Polarity Dataset Version 2.0. This study highlights the importance of sentiment analysis as a tool for understanding the emotions and attitudes in movie reviews and predicts the performance of a movie based on the average sentiment of all the reviews.
INSTRUMENTS OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SHIPBUILDING: GLOBAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Парсяк Володимир , Жукова Олена
Published: September 2023

The article explores the challenges stemming from the authors' perspective on Ukraine's future business endeavours pertaining to the exploitation of World Ocean resources. Authoritative statistical data analysis from international organizations has shown that many coastal countries are making full use of their advantageous geographical position to address critical challenges such as food provision (by means of fish and seafood industrial production, algae cultivation, and mariculture) and the stabilization of the respective regions' social situation through job creation and maintenance. The objective focus of shipbuilding as a manufacturer of specialized equipment facilitating human labor in the harsh sea and ocean environments is presented. The business-government relations are examined through the example of prominent maritime nations, providing valuable insights.
Managing K-Pop Impressions on BTS ARMY Fandom in Jakarta
Authors: Firenza Jessica , Menayang Alfred Pieter
Published: September 2023

K-Pop gained popularity in Indonesia through Korean dramas featuring songs sung by Korean singers. Indonesian K-Pop fans, especially the BTS group, the popularity of BTS amazed many fans and wanted to imitate everything BTS did to make them look like them. Behind it all, these fans live between as a fan and as ordinary people who carry out activities like other people in general. The theory used is impression management theory by Erving Goffman, which states that individuals must form and uphold an image that is in line with the role they want to present to the public, and the concept of dramaturgy theory which compares human interaction with theatrical performances with individuals playing specific roles to achieve goals, they are the front stage, middle stage, and backstage. Research on this topic uses impression management theory and dramaturgical theory, which explain that individuals and organizations present themselves in a certain way to achieve their goals. This research follows a constructivist paradigm and uses qualitative methods like participatory observation, interviews, and documentation.
Inovasi Penerapan Teknik Gamifikasi Terhadap Pembelajaran Kampus Merdeka
Authors: Kedah Zulkarnain
Published: September 2023

Belakangan ini pendidikan diramaikan dengan hadirnya program Kampus Merdeka yang dicetuskan oleh Nadiem Makarim. Hal itu menggunakan konsep Kampus Merdeka belajar mengikuti perkembangan pendidikan di era 4.0. Perubahan ini menjadi paradigma bagi Perguruan Tinggi untuk membangun Kampus Merdeka belajar agar siap menghadapi tantangan di era 4.0. Namun, tantangan itu tidak mudah bagi Perguruan Tinggi agar mahasiswa mengikuti program merdeka belajar dengan cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan penggunaan teknik gamifikasi agar mahasiswa termotivasi mengikuti kegiatan merdeka belajar pada sistem pembelajaran. Gamifikasi berupa sebuah badge atas pencapaian mahasiswa dalam segala aktivitas pembelajaran yang telah dilakukan. Sistem merdeka belajar Perguruan Tinggi dirancang dengan menggunakan metode Agile Development dan 2 (dua) jenis framework yaitu Laravel dan VueJS dalam sebuah website. Adanya literature review sebagai acuan penelitian pembelajaran dengan gamifikasi membuktikan signifikan. Hasil penelitian dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil Analisa Skor SUS menunjukan angka 90. Hal ini menandakan bahwa sistem kampus merdeka belajar memberikan manfaat positif bagi mahasiswa. Maka perpaduan merdeka belajar dengan gamifikasi membuat mahasiswa bisa lebih termotivasi dan siap menghadapi tantangan belajar di era 4.0.
Transformasi Pendidikan Digital 5.0 melalui Integrasi Inovasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi
Authors: Muhammad Yusuf  , Dwi Julianingsih  , Tarisya Ramadhani
Published: September 2023

Pendidikan Digital 5.0 menggabungkan inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang efektif, interaktif, dan relevan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan peran transformasi pendidikan digital 5.0 melalui integrasi inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Data dari sumber literatur relevan digunakan untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang konsep pendidikan digital 5.0 dan integrasi inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dalam konteks pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan digital 5.0 memberikan peluang baru dalam belajar dan mengajar. Integrasi inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi menciptakan ekosistem pembelajaran berbasis teknologi canggih seperti kecerdasan buatan, pembelajaran mesin, realitas virtual, dan internet of things. Pendekatan ini meningkatkan motivasi, interaksi, dan partisipasi siswa. Selain itu, integrasi inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi juga mendorong strategi pembelajaran inovatif seperti flipped classroom, blended learning, dan personalized learning. Guru dapat menghadirkan konten pendidikan yang menarik dan relevan serta memfasilitasi kolaborasi dan komunikasi yang efektif antara guru dan siswa. Namun, transformasi pendidikan digital 5.0 juga menghadapi tantangan. Persiapan yang berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk mempersiapkan guru dan siswa dalam menguasai dan memanfaatkan teknologi secara optimal. Privasi dan keamanan penggunaan teknologi digital juga harus diperhatikan. Kesimpulannya, transformasi pendidikan digital 5.0 melalui integrasi inovasi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Dengan teknologi canggih dan strategi pembelajaran inovatif, pendidikan digital 5.0 menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang interaktif, kreatif, dan adaptif. Tantangan dalam implementasi teknologi juga harus diatasi agar potensi penuh pendidikan digital 5.0 dapat terwujud.
Peran Transformasi Teknologi Informasi di Era Industri 4.0 Pada Profesi Akuntansi
Authors: Negara Oscar Jaya , Muhammad Kamil Husain  , Isaac Khong
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana teknologi informasi mendukung profesi akuntan di era Industri 4.0. Analisis deskriptif adalah strategi penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi informasi, melalui penggunaan teknologi data digital seperti Internet of Things, AI, dan Cyber-Physical Systems dalam bisnis, membantu para akuntan dalam menjalankan tugasnya di era Industri 4.0. Penelitian ini membantu para akuntan dalam melakukan pekerjaan mereka dan menunjukkan keterampilan yang harus mereka miliki untuk menghadapi era Industri 4.0. Penelitian ini juga menawarkan panduan dan rekomendasi kepada profesi akuntan tentang bagaimana teknologi informasi berfungsi dalam Industri 4.0. Dengan meneliti bagaimana teknologi informasi dapat membantu tanggung jawab akuntan di era industri 4.0, penelitian ini melanjutkan upaya-upaya sebelumnya di bidang "tugas akuntan, bukan pekerjaan." Banyak infrastruktur teknis telah diciptakan seiring dengan pergerakan dunia menuju revolusi industri 4.0 (IR 4.0). Oleh karena itu, penelitian baru terhadap perkembangan mutakhir ini diperlukan untuk memverifikasi bahwa akuntan memenuhi syarat untuk melakukan tugasnya. Hal ini sangat penting untuk dilakukan dalam rangka memenuhi tuntutan yang meningkat dari sektor ini yang disebabkan oleh kemunculan IR 4.0. Peran teknologi informasi sebagai alat pendukung bagi akuntan adalah satu-satunya topik yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian kami yang akan datang, kami akan membahas lebih rinci tentang posisi akuntan dalam industri 4.0.
Enhancing accuracy in brain stroke detection: Multi-layer perceptron with Adadelta, RMSProp and AdaMax optimizers
Authors: Uppal Mudita , Gupta Deepali , Juneja Sapna , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , El Bayoumy Ibrahim , Hussain Jamil , Lee Seung Won
Published: September 2023

The human brain is an extremely intricate and fascinating organ that is made up of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem and is protected by the skull. Brain stroke is recognized as a potentially fatal condition brought on by an unfavorable obstruction in the arteries supplying the brain. The severity of brain stroke may be reduced or controlled with its early prognosis to lessen the mortality rate and lead to good health. This paper proposed a technique to predict brain strokes with high accuracy. The model was constructed using data related to brain strokes. The aim of this work is to use Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) as a classification technique for stroke data and used multi-optimizers that include Adaptive moment estimation with Maximum (AdaMax), Root Mean Squared Propagation (RMSProp) and Adaptive learning rate method (Adadelta). The experiment shows RMSProp optimizer is best with a data training accuracy of 95.8% and a value for data testing accuracy of 94.9%. The novelty of work is to incorporate multiple optimizers alongside the MLP classifier which offers a comprehensive approach to stroke prediction, providing a more robust and accurate solution. The obtained results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in enhancing the accuracy of brain stroke detection, thereby paving the way for potential advancements in medical diagnosis and treatment.
Biomechanical stability of oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with four types of internal fixations: finite element analysis
Authors: Hao Jiayu , Tang XianSheng , Jiang Nizhou , Wang Hong , Jiang Jian
Published: September 2023

Objective: Using finite element analysis to identify the optimal internal fixation method for oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF), providing guidance for clinical practice.

Methods: A finite element model of the L4 – L5 segment was created. Five types of internal fixations were simulated in the generated L4-L5 finite element (FE) model. Then, six loading scenarios, i.e., flexion, extension, left-leaning, right-leaning, rotate left, and rotate right, were simulated in the FE models with different types of fixations. The biomechanical stability of the spinal segment after different fixations was investigated.

Results: Regarding the range of motion (ROM) of the fused segment, OLIF + Bilateral Pedicle Screws (BPS) has a maximum ROM of 1.82° during backward bending and the smallest ROM in all directions of motion compared with other models. In terms of the von Mises stress distribution on the cage, the average stress on every motion direction of OLIF + BPS is about 17.08MPa, and of OLIF + Unilateral Vertebral Screw - Pedicle Screw (UVS-PS) is about 19.29 MPa. As for the von Mises stress distribution on the internal fixation, OLIF + BPS has the maximum internal fixator stress in left rotation (31.85 MPa) and OLIF + Unilateral Pedicle Screw (UPS) has the maximum internal fixator stress in posterior extension (76.59 MPa). The data of these two models were smaller than those of other models.

Conclusion: OLIF + BPS provides the greatest biomechanical stability, OLIF + UPS has adequate biomechanical stability, OLIF + UVS-PS is inferior to OLIF + UPS synthetically, and OLIF + Double row vertical screw (DRVS) and Individual OLIF (IO) do not present significant obvious advantages.
The odontoblastic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells: molecular regulation mechanism and related genetic syndromes
Authors: Pan Houwen , Yang Yiling , Xu Hongyuan , Jin Anting , Huang Xiangru , Gao Xin , Sun Siyuan , Liu Yuanqi , Liu Jingyi , Lu Tingwei , Wang Xinyu , Zhu Yanfei , Jiang Lingyong
Published: September 2023

Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into multiple lineages including odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, neural cells, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, melanocytes, and hepatocytes. Odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is pivotal in dentinogenesis, a delicate and dynamic process regulated at the molecular level by signaling pathways, transcription factors, and posttranscriptional and epigenetic regulation. Mutations or dysregulation of related genes may contribute to genetic diseases with dentin defects caused by impaired odontoblastic differentiation, including tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), Raine syndrome (RS), hypophosphatasia (HPP), Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), and Elsahy-Waters syndrome (EWS). Herein, recent progress in the molecular regulation of the odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is summarized. In addition, genetic syndromes associated with disorders of odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs are discussed. An improved understanding of the molecular regulation and related genetic syndromes may help clinicians better understand the etiology and pathogenesis of dentin lesions in systematic diseases and identify novel treatment targets.
Portable NIR spectroscopy: the route to green analytical chemistry
Authors: Gullifa G. , Barone L. , Papa E. , Giuffrida A. , Materazzi S. , Risoluti R.
Published: September 2023

There is a growing interest for cost-effective and nondestructive analytical techniques in both research and application fields. The growing approach by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) pushes to develop handheld devices devoted to be easily applied for in situ determinations. Consequently, portable NIR spectrometers actually result definitively recognized as powerful instruments, able to perform nondestructive, online, or in situ analyses, and useful tools characterized by increasingly smaller size, lower cost, higher robustness, easy-to-use by operator, portable and with ergonomic profile. Chemometrics play a fundamental role to obtain useful and meaningful results from NIR spectra. In this review, portable NIRs applications, published in the period 2019–2022, have been selected to indicate starting references. These publications have been chosen among the many examples of the most recent applications to demonstrate the potential of this analytical approach which, not having the need for extraction processes or any other pre-treatment of the sample under examination, can be considered the “true green analytical chemistry” which allows the analysis where the sample to be characterized is located. In the case of industrial processes or plant or animal samples, it is even possible to follow the variation or evolution of fundamental parameters over time. Publications of specific applications in this field continuously appear in the literature, often in unfamiliar journal or in dedicated special issues. This review aims to give starting references, sometimes not easy to be found.
Human SHQ1 variants R335C and A426V lead to severe ribosome biogenesis defects when expressed in yeast
Authors: Alidou-D’Anjou Ismaël , Patel Aniket , Sleiman Sophie , Dragon François
Published: September 2023

SHQ1 is an essential chaperone that binds the pseudouridine synthase dyskerin in the cytoplasm and escorts the enzyme to the nucleus, where dyskerin is assembled into small nucleolar RNPs (snoRNPs) of the H/ACA class. These particles carry out pseudouridine formation in ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and participate in maturation of rRNA precursors (pre-rRNAs). Variants of human SHQ1 have been linked to neurodevelopmental deficiencies; here we focused on two compound heterozygous mutations identified in a child showing a severe neurological disorder comprising cerebellar degeneration. To investigate the molecular defects caused by mutations R335C and A426V we used a conditional yeast strain that can be depleted of the endogenous Shq1 protein while constitutively expressing human SHQ1 (wild-type or variants). Although wild-type SHQ1 complemented the Shq1-depleted strain, cells expressing variant R335C could not support growth, and cells expressing variant A426V were temperature-sensitive. When shifted to restrictive conditions, yeast cells progressively lost H/ACA snoRNAs and accumulated unprocessed pre-rRNAs, which led to reduced production of ribosomes. Levels of Cbf5 (yeast homologue of dyskerin) were decreased in yeast cells expressing SHQ1 variants under restrictive conditions. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that interaction of Cbf5 with SHQ1 variants was weakened but not abolished, and yeast two-hybrid assays showed that mutation R335C is more deleterious than mutation A426V. Our data provide additional evidence for the critical role of SHQ1 in chaperoning the pseudouridine synthase dyskerin, and how its inadequate function has detrimental consequences on the production of H/ACA snoRNPs and ribosomes.
Contextualising and storying the Italian hostile environment: Lina Prosa's civil theatre of re-humanisation
Authors: De Michelis Lidia , Gualtieri Claudia
Published: September 2023

This essay investigates the construction of a hostile environment for refugees and asylum seekers in Italy in recent years. Rather than a consistent set of practices, the construction of the Italian hostile environment should be interpreted as a series of uneven responses to increasing migration from the Mediterranean South, and of unsystematic concrete procedures for migration control, developed according to diverse local contexts. These specific hostile environment constructions obfuscate dehumanising practices. In this context, however, forms of civic engagement offer important examples of resistance, which we aim at bringing to the foreground in the first part of this essay. The second part addresses imaginative and artistic responses to the Italian hostile environment by focusing on the stage. In particular, Sicilian playwright Lina Prosa's The Shipwreck Trilogy will be taken as case study. Representing immigration from the triple perspective of the sea voyage, the mountain limbo, and the existential “horizontal shipwreck” caused by negligent legislation, the Trilogy moves away from explicit humanitarianism or advocacy and consolidated patterns of the “right kind” of refugee story. It celebrates, instead, migrant agency and re-mythologises the figure of the migrant as a bearer of knowledges, aspirations, affects, memories, claims, relationalities, and better stories.
Effects of exogenous lactic acid bacteria and maize meal on fermentation quality and microbial community of Orychophragmus violaceus silage
Authors: Zheng Mingli , Mao Peichun , Tian Xiaoxia , Meng Lin
Published: September 2023

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Resting-state prefrontal EEG biomarker in correlation with postoperative delirium in elderly patients
Authors: Kim Jeongmin , Park Sujung , Kim Keung-Nyun , Ha Yoon , Shin Sang-Jun , Cha Wonseok , Lee Ki-young , Choi Jungmi , Koo Bon-Nyeo
Published: September 2023

Postoperative delirium (POD) is associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients after surgery. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to develop a potential biomarker for degenerative cerebral dysfunctions, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This study aimed to explore the relationship between preoperative EEG and POD. We included 257 patients aged >70 years who underwent spinal surgery. We measured the median dominant frequency (MDF), which is a resting-state EEG biomarker involving intrinsic alpha oscillations that reflect an idle cortical state, from the prefrontal regions. Additionally, the mini-mental state examination and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) were performed before surgery as well as 5 days after surgery. For long-term cognitive function follow up, the telephone interview for cognitive status™ (TICS) was performed 1 month and 1 year after surgery. Fifty-two (20.2%) patients were diagnosed with POD. A multivariable logistic regression analysis that included age, MoCA score, Charlson comorbidity index score, Mini Nutritional Assessment, and the MDF as variables revealed that the MDF had a significant odds ratio of 0.48 (95% confidence interval 0.27–0.85). Among the patients with POD, the postoperative neurocognitive disorders could last up to 1 year. Low MDF on preoperative EEG was associated with POD in elderly patients undergoing surgery. EEG could be a novel potential tool for identifying patients at a high risk of POD.
Patient motivators to use opioids for acute pain after emergency care
Authors: Punches Brittany E. , Brown Jennifer L. , Taul Natalie K. , Sall Hawa A. , Bakas Tamilyn , Gillespie Gordon L. , Martin-Boone Jill E. , Boyer Edward W. , Lyons Michael S.
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Patients are stakeholders in their own pain management. Factors motivating individuals to seek or use opioids therapeutically for treatment of acute pain are not well characterized but could be targeted to reduce incident iatrogenic opioid use disorder (OUD). Emergency departments (EDs) commonly encounter patients in acute pain for whom decisions regarding opioid therapy are required. Decision-making is necessarily challenged in episodic, unscheduled care settings given time pressure, limited information, and lack of pre-existing patient provider relationship. Patients may decline to take prescribed opioids or conversely seek opioids from other providers or non-medical sources.

Methods

Using a framework analysis approach, we qualitatively analyzed transcripts from 29 patients after discharge from an ED visit for acute pain at a large, urban, academic hospital in the midwestern United States to describe motivating factors influencing patient decisions regarding opioid use for acute pain. A semi-structured interview guide framed participant discussion in either a focus group or interview transcribed and analyzed with conventional content analysis.

Results

Four major themes emerged from our analysis including a) pain management literacy, b) control preferences, c) risk tolerance, and d) cues to action.

Discussion

Our findings suggest targets for future intervention development and a framework to guide the engagement of patients as stakeholders in their own acute pain management.
Overexpression of FTO inhibits excessive proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of human glomerular mesangial cells by alleviating FOXO6 m6A modification via YTHDF3-dependent mechanisms
Authors: Zhuang Xingxing , Liu Tao , Wei Liangbing , Gao Jiarong
Published: September 2023

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent post-transcriptional modification presented in messenger RNA (mRNA) of eukaryotic organisms. Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is characterised by excessive proliferation and insufficient apoptosis of human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMCs) but its underlying pathogenesis remains undefined. Moreover, the role of m6A in CGN is poorly understood.

Methods: The total level of m6A modification was detected using the m6A quantification assay (Colorimetric). Cell proliferation was assessed by EdU cell proliferation assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. RNA sequencing was performed to screen the downstream target of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO). MeRIP-qPCR was conducted to detect the m6A level of forkhead box o6 (FOXO6) in HGMCs. RIP assay was utilized to indicate the targeting relationship between YTH domain family 3 (YTHDF3) and FOXO6. Actinomycin D assay was used to investigate the stability of FOXO6 in HGMCs.

Results: The study found that the expression of FTO was significantly reduced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HGMCs and renal biopsy samples of patients with CGN. Moreover, FTO overexpression and knockdown could regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of HGMCs. Furthermore, RNA sequencing and cellular experiments revealed FOXO6 as a downstream target of FTO in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of HGMCs. Mechanistically, FTO overexpression decreases the level of FOXO6 m6A modification and reduces the stability of FOXO6 mRNA in a YTHDF3-dependent manner. Additionally, the decreased expression of FOXO6 inhibits the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and promoting apoptosis of HGMCs.

Conclusion: This study offers insights into the mechanism through which FTO regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of HGMCs by mediating m6A modification of FOXO6 mRNA. These findings also suggest FTO as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CGN.
A literature review: mechanisms of antitumor pharmacological action of leonurine alkaloid
Authors: Cao Qiang , Wang Qi , Wu Xinyan , Zhang Qi , Huang Jinghan , Chen Yuquan , You Yanwei , Qiang Yi , Huang Xufeng , Qin Ronggao , Cao Guangzhu
Published: September 2023

Leonurine refers to the desiccated aerial portion of a plant in the Labiatae family. The primary bioactive constituent of Leonurine is an alkaloid, Leonurine alkaloid (Leo), renowned for its substantial therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of gynecological disorders, in addition to its broad-spectrum antineoplastic capabilities. Over recent years, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of Leo have garnered escalating scholarly interest. Leo exhibits its anticancer potential by means of an array of mechanisms, encompassing the inhibition of neoplastic cell proliferation, induction of both apoptosis and autophagy, and the containment of oncogenic cell invasion and migration. The key signal transduction pathways implicated in these processes include the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL), the Phosphoinositide3-Kinase/Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase (PI3K/AKT), the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), and the Mitogen-Activated Protein/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (MAP/ERK). This paper commences with an exploration of the principal oncogenic cellular behaviors influenced by Leo and the associated signal transduction pathways, thereby scrutinizing the mechanisms of Leo in the antineoplastic sequence of events. The intention is to offer theoretical reinforcement for the elucidation of more profound mechanisms underpinning Leo’s anticancer potential and correlating pharmaceutical development.
Electrophysiological basis of cardiac arrhythmia in a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Ginjupalli Vamsi Krishna Murthy , Cupelli Michael , Reisqs Jean-Baptiste , Sleiman Yvonne , El-Sherif Nabil , Gourdon Genevieve , Puymirat Jack , Chahine Mohamed , Boutjdir Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Graphical Abstract
Social distancing policy and mental health during COVID-19 pandemic: an 18-month longitudinal cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Bahk Yong-Chun , Jung Dawoon , Choi Kee-Hong
Published: September 2023

Background

Despite the effectiveness of social distancing policies in preventing the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), their impact on mental health remains a concern. Longitudinal studies investigating the psychological effects of social distancing are limited.

Methods

Longitudinal data on psychological variables were collected eight times between May 2020 and November 2021 through online surveys in South Korea.

Results

The participants in the study reported a worsening of depressive and anxiety symptoms, suicide risk, and psychological distress with increasing levels of social distancing. Specifically, during the third wave, when social distancing levels peaked, the highest levels of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were observed, and the second-lowest levels of vitality were reported. Furthermore, psychological risk factors, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal risk, were closely associated with vitality levels in daily life.

Discussions

During the pandemic, although social distancing helped prevent the spread of COVID-19, it also led to increased depression, anxiety, suicide risk, psychological distress, and decreased vitality. Engagement at a personal level in fundamental daily activities is important to cope with psychological distress. Our results indicate that commitment to fundamental daily activities and following routines is an important protective factor against psychological distress, notwithstanding COVID-19.
Effects of work-family conflict on turnover intention among primary medical staff in Huaihai Economic Zone: a mediation model through burnout
Authors: Wen Zongliang , Xu Jintao , Yu Jinxun , Huang Xiaojing , Ni Yuting
Published: September 2023

Background

Countries worldwide face the challenge of how medical personnel manage conflicts between work and family. Especially after the challenge of the COVID-19 epidemic, it is necessary to explore the possible mechanisms of work-family conflict, burnout, and turnover intention among primary medical staff.

Objectives

This study aims to observe the turnover intention of Chinese primary medical staff and explore the relationship between work-family conflict, burnout, and turnover intention.

Methods

A cross-sectional study included a turnover intention questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), and the Work-Family Conflict Scale (WFCS) to understand turnover intention, burnout, and work-family conflict among primary medical staff in four cities (Xuzhou, Linyi, Huaibei, and Shangqiu cities) within the Huaihai Economic Zone. Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to examine the related factors of turnover intention. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to study the mediating role of burnout between work-family conflict and turnover intention.

Results

In this study, there is a positive correlation between work-family conflict and turnover intention (P < 0.01). Demographic characteristics, work-family conflict, and burnout explained 2.3%, 20.3%, and 8.8% of the incremental variances, respectively. Burnout mediated the association between work-family conflict and turnover intention.

Conclusions

Burnout can be regarded as a mediator between two different variables: work-family conflict and turnover intention. Improving work-family conflict and alleviating burnout may play a key role in reducing the willingness of primary medical staff to resign. Corresponding measures can be taken to balance the conflict between work and family, alleviate burnout, reduce turnover rates, and build a primary medical staff team with higher medical service quality and stability.
Integration of a peer practitioner in a hospital unit for patients with psychotic disorders: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Lequin Pierre , Suter Caroline , Mazallon Roxane , Brodard Rachèle , Abrahamyan Empson Lilith , Robalo Bruno , Conus Philippe , Nguyen Alexandra , Favrod Jérôme
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Studies on the integration of peer mental health practitioners (PMHP) in hospitals are sparse, despite significant benefits being reported for patients and professionals. The integration of PMHP requires the consideration of several parameters and a change in the culture of care. This study aims to understand the impact of the integration of a PMHP in a hospital unit caring for patients with psychiatric disorders.

Methods

A qualitative content analysis of three focus groups with the interdisciplinarity team were conducted. A consulting PMHP was integrated into the entire research process.

Results

Data analysis revealed five main themes: the importance of integration, benefits for patients linked to the identification process, benefits for the team and institution, potentials risks, and perspectives.

Discussion

The study was conducted in a hospital setting with patients suffering from severe psychiatric disorders associated with behavioral disturbances. The benefits reported in the results outline the feasibility of PMHP integration in an acute psychiatric care setting. Nevertheless, further formalization of the PMHP role is required to minimize possible areas of tension between respective fields of activity of each professional.
Understanding Christians' underrepresentation in STEM and why it matters
Authors: Rios Kimberly , Mackey Cameron D. , Cheng Zhen Hadassah
Published: September 2023

In many Western societies, religious people (particularly Christians) are underrepresented in STEM fields, relative to their numbers in the general population. We review existing literature that supports two broad types of explanations for religious underrepresentation in STEM, focusing primarily on Christians in the US. First, Christianity and science may actually conflict or be perceived by Christians to conflict with one another, which reduces Christians' engagement in STEM fields. Second, science and scientists may be portrayed, and Christians stereotyped, in ways that lead Christians to believe they would not belong in STEM. We argue that it is critical to further investigate these explanations, as doing so will shed light on how to broaden participation and engagement in science among a sizeable chunk of the population. We conclude our review by discussing promising directions for future research and implications for non-Christian religions, as well as in contexts outside the West.
Value of a novel Y-Z magnetic totally implantable venous access port in improving the success rate of one-time needle insertion
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Lyu Xin , Wang Juanjuan , Shi Aihua , Zheng Yunyun , Lyu Yi , Yan Xiaopeng
Published: September 2023

Background and objectives

A totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) is a commonly used intravenous infusion device for patients receiving chemotherapy or long-term infusion therapy. To improve the success rate of one-time insertion of the Huber needle, we developed a novel Y-Z magnetic TIVAP (Y-Z MTIVAP), which we produced using three-dimensional printing technology.

Materials and methods

The Y-Z MTIVAP includes a magnetic port body and a magnetic positioning device. For testing, we established four venous port implantation models using the two types of TIVAPs and two implantation depth ranges (≤5 mm and >5 mm). Twenty nurses performed Huber needle puncture with the four models, and we recorded the number of attempts required for successful needle insertion, the operation time, and the operator's satisfaction.

Results

The success rate for one-time needle insertion with the Y-Z MTIVAP was significantly higher than that with the traditional TIVAP at either depth range (100% vs. 75% at ≤5 mm, p = 0.047; 95% vs. 35% at >5 mm, p < 0.001). With increasing implantation depth, the success rate for one-time insertion was significantly reduced with the traditional TIVAP (75% at ≤5 mm vs. 35% vs. >5 mm, p = 0.025), but the success rate with the Y-Z MTIVAP was not significantly affected (100% vs. 95%, p = 1.000). The operation time with the Y-Z MTIVAP was significantly shorter than that with the traditional TIVAP at either depth range (both p < 0.001), and 90% of operators reported that the Y-Z MTIVAP was superior to the traditional TIVAP.

Conclusions

The theoretical design of Y-Z MTIVAP is feasible, and the preliminary in vitro simulation experiment shows that it can significantly improve puncture success rate and shortened operation time.
Genetic characterization of canine astrovirus in non-diarrhea dogs and diarrhea dogs in Vietnam and Thailand reveals the presence of a unique lineage
Authors: Nguyen Tin Van , Piewbang Chutchai , Techangamsuwan Somporn
Published: September 2023

The role of canine astrovirus (CaAstV) in canine gastrointestinal disease (GID) is unknown. In this study, a total of 327 fecal swab (FS) samples were collected, including 113 FSs in Vietnam (46 samples from healthy dogs and 67 samples from GID dogs) and 214 FSs in Thailand (107 samples from healthy dogs and 107 samples from GID dogs). Overall, the prevalence of CaAstV in Vietnam and Thailand was 25.7% (29/113) and 8.9% (19/214), respectively. CaAstV was detected in both non-diarrhea dogs (21.7 and 7.5%) and diarrhea dogs (28.4% and 10.3%), respectively, in Vietnam and Thailand. In both countries, CaAstV was frequently detected in puppies under 6 months of age (23.3%) (p = 0.02). CaAstV-positive samples in Vietnam and Thailand were identified as co-infected with canine parvovirus, canine enteric coronavirus, canine distemper virus, and canine kobuvirus. The complete coding sequence of seven Vietnamese CaAstV and two Thai CaAstV strains were successfully characterized. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Vietnamese and Thai CaAstV strains were genetically close to each other and related to the Chinese strains. Furthermore, analysis of complete coding sequences indicated that the OR220030_G21/Thailand/2021 strain formed a unique lineage, whereas no recombination event was found in this study, suggesting that this strain might be an original lineage. In summary, this is the first study to report the presence of CaAstV in dogs with and without diarrhea in Vietnam and Thailand, and it was most often found in puppies with diarrhea. Our results highlight the importance of the CaAstV in dog populations and the need for continued surveillance of these emerging pathogens.
Does Replacing Maize with Barley Affect the Animal Performance and Rumen Fermentation, including Methane Production, of Beef Cattle Fed High-Concentrate Diets On-Farm?
Authors: Arbaoui Amira , de Vega Antonio
Published: September 2023

Ruminants fed high-concentrate diets produce less enteric methane than those fed high-forage diets, but not all grains are equally effective in reducing methane production. This study aimed to examine, in farm conditions, the effects of a partial substitution of maize with barley on animal performance and rumen fermentation, including methane production, of intensively reared beef calves (ca. 0.9:0.1 concentrate to forage ratio). Ninety-six beef calves were fed a concentrate with 45.5% maize and 15% barley (n = 48; M) or a concentrate with 15.5% maize and 45% barley (n = 48; B). Both the concentrate and barley straw were offered ad libitum. The type of concentrate did not have a significant effect (p > 0.05) on final live weight, average daily gain, carcass dressing percentage or intake of concentrate and straw. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility were higher (p < 0.05) for the M (75.4% and 76.6%) than for the B (71.0% and 73.1%) treatment, but with no effect on digestible organic matter intake. In general, the majority cereal in the concentrate did not affect rumen fermentation, including methane production, or the degradability of dry matter and starch. A partial substitution of maize with barley in the concentrate offered to beef calves does not seem a promising strategy to decrease the emissions of enteric methane on-farm.
Effects of Age and Season on Blood Parameters of Captive Giant Pandas: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jiang Ruijie , Zhang Xinyi , Xia Maohua , Zhao Sufen , Wang Yunsheng , Pu Tianchun , Zhang Chenglin , Wu Zhong , Xu Haihong , Fan Kai
Published: September 2023

The giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, serves as a flagship species for biodiversity conservation, embodying the intersection of ecological, evolutionary, and anthropogenic forces shaping the natural world. Hematological parameters serve as crucial indicators for assessing the physiological status of animals. However, our understanding of blood parameters and hemorheology in captive giant pandas under non-anesthetic conditions is limited. In this study, from September 2018 to August 2020, we collected blood samples from captive giant pandas under non-anesthetic conditions. Twelve captive giant pandas, ranging in age from 2 to 28 years, were divided into three groups based on their age, and the variations in basic blood parameters and hemorheological parameters across four seasons were analyzed. This provided baseline data for future blood sample comparisons in non-anesthetized captive giant pandas. Additionally, we observed seasonal changes in hematological morphology, hemorheology, and serum enzymes. Moreover, seasonality had a regulatory effect on hemorheological parameters and negatively impacted blood viscosity. Age influenced changes in serum enzymes, serum protein content, and serum metabolites, indicating differences in overall metabolic processes among giant pandas of different age groups. Whether factors such as season and climate contribute to environmental stress in captive giant pandas requires further investigation. The findings of this study may help to protect the stability of the giant panda population better and provide a reference for the medical care of captive giant pandas.
A Study of the Relationship between Dipole Noise Sources and the Flow Field Parameters around the Rearview Mirror of Passenger Cars
Authors: Zhang Siwen , Pang Jian , Wang Yiping , Ma Rui , Jiang Hao , Jia Wenyu , Xu Xiaomin , Xia Jinhao
Published: September 2023

When air flows through the mirrors, A-pillars, and other surfaces of a passenger car, airflow separation occurs to generate vorticity and generates aerodynamic noise. The dipole noise source is the main source of aerodynamic noise when the passenger car is travelling at high speed. In order to reveal the relationship between the physical quantities in the flow field and the intensity of the dipole noise source, this paper equates each dipole noise source to a sphere radiating noise to the outside. The acoustic wave fluctuation equations expressed as spherical coordinates are combined with the acoustic boundary conditions and the equations of motion of an ideal fluid medium to obtain the relationship between the intensity of the dipole noise source and the flow velocity and vorticity in the flow field. Then, through flow field simulation, we establish a method of identifying the dipole noise source and its distribution area, and analyze the generation mechanism of the dipole noise source. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the dipole noise sources are mainly concentrated in the airflow separation areas, which easily generate vortices. The size of the vorticity is the key factor affecting the intensity of the dipole noise source. When the intensity of the dipole noise source reaches its peak, the direction of the flow vorticity is perpendicular to the direction of the flow velocity and the peak of the flow velocity occurs before the peak of the dipole noise source, which indicates that the angle between the flow vorticity and the flow velocity, as well as the flow velocity, also has a certain effect on the generation of the dipole noise source.