bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting PfCLK3 with Covalent Inhibitors: A Novel Strategy for Malaria Treatment
Authors: Jamieson Andrew , Brettell Skye , Jahna Omar , Begen Abbey , Cann Gillian , Olaniyan Niniola , Sharma Saumya , Yelland Tamas , Hole Alison , Alam Benazir , Gillespie Ross , Capper Michael , Milligan Graeme , Clarke David , Tobin Andrew
Published: May 2024

Malaria continues to pose a significant global health threat, with the number of deaths exceeding 600,000 annually. Acquired resistance to frontline drugs by the most deadly parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, means this number is increasing each year. There is therefore an urgent unmet need for new medicines with novel mechanisms of action. In this work, we solved the co-crystal structure of the essential malarial kinase PfCLK3 with the reversible inhibitor TCMDC-135051 1. This facilitated the rational design of covalent inhibitors of this validated drug target. An allosteric cysteine residue (Cys368) that is poorly conserved in the human kinome was targeted to improve the selectivity of hit molecules. Structure-based drug design yielded chloroacetamide 4, which displays low nanomolar potency and covalent inhibition in both recombinant protein and P. falciparum killing assays. Efficacy in parasites was maintained when 4 was washed out 6 hours after exposure. Compound 4 showed significantly improved kinase selectivity relative to TCMDC-135051 1, and cell viability experiments in HepG2 cultures also demonstrated an over 500-fold selectivity index relative to P. falciparum parasites. To our knowledge, compound 4 represents the first covalent inhibitor of a malarial kinase. Its covalency, efficacy and selectivity for PfCLK3 makes it a promising lead in the search for a single-dose cure for malaria.
Effects of CCSD effective Hamiltonian on Electronic Spectra of noble-gas atoms
Authors: Kitamura Naoki
Published: May 2024

It is one of the central topics in theoretical chemistry to develop numerical methods such as the transcorrelated method that inject electron correlations into the Hamiltonian by similarity transformations. In the transcorrelated theory, electron correlations are incorporated by the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff (BCH) similarity transformation of the Hamiltonian using exponential operators. The exponential operators are also used in the coupled cluster theory (CC) and can be used to act the BCH transformation on the Hamiltonian. However, when the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian by the CC amplitude is used with multi-reference electronic structure theory, it is not known well to the best of the author’s knowledge how it affects prediction of the electronic spectra which is experimentally important for atoms and molecules. In this study, focusing on the electronic spectra of noble-gas atoms, we investigate how an electronic structure is affected by the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian with the CC amplitude combined with multi-reference electronic structure theory. The complete active space (CAS) configuration interaction method using the BCH-similaritytransformed Hamiltonians (the BCH-CASCI method) regardless of the size of the CAS, in many cases the calculated values are closer than the CASCI method to the experimental values of ionization potentials in the case of an Ar atom. The one-electron spectra obtained by the BCH-CASCI method agreed generally with the CCSD method in an Ar atom compared with those obtained by the CASCI method. However, in a Xe atom which is a heavy element, the one-electron spectra which are obtained by this method are affected by non-Hermitian operators.
Prediction of the ground state for indenofluorene-type systems with Clar's π-sextet model
Authors: George Gibu , Stasyuk Anton , Solà i Puig Miquel
Published: May 2024

This study introduces the Ground State Stability (GSS) rule that allows predicting the nature of the ground state of indenofluorene (IF)-type systems from the simple counting of the Clar pi-sextets in the closed- and open-shell configurations. The IF-type system exhibits a triplet ground state when acquiring double or more the number of Clar pi-sextet in the open-shell form relative to the closed-shell form; otherwise, it assumes an open-shell singlet ground state. Performed state-of-the-art DFT calculations and analysis of aromaticity for the systems of interest validate the effectiveness of the proposed rule. We demonstrate that aromaticity plays the most crucial role in determining the ground electronic state for such polycyclic hydrocarbons. The simplicity of the GSS rule makes it a robust strategy for identifying promising systems in the development of indenofluorene-type materials.
Ribosome rescue factor PELOTA modulates translation start site choice for C/EBPα protein isoforms
Authors: Fernandez Samantha G , Ferguson Lucas , Ingolia Nicholas T
Published: May 2024

Translation initiation at alternative start sites can dynamically control the synthesis of two or more functionally distinct protein isoforms from a single mRNA. Alternate isoforms of the developmental transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) produced from different start sites exert opposing effects during myeloid cell development. This choice between alternative start sites depends on sequence features of theCEBPAtranscript, including a regulatory uORF, but the molecular basis is not fully understood. Here, we identify the factors that affect C/EBPα isoform choice using a sensitive and quantitative two-color fluorescent reporter coupled with CRISPRi screening. Our screen uncovered a role of the ribosome rescue factor PELOTA (PELO) in promoting the expression of the longer C/EBPα isoform by directly removing inhibitory unrecycled ribosomes and through indirect effects mediated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase. Our work uncovers further links between ribosome recycling and translation reinitiation that regulate a key transcription factor, with implications for normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis.
IGHMBP2 deletion suppresses translation and activates the integrated stress response
Authors: Park Jesslyn , Desai Hetvee , Liboy-Lugo José M , Gu Sohyun , Jowhar Ziad , Xu Albert , Floor Stephen N
Published: May 2024

IGHMBP2 is a nonessential, superfamily 1 DNA/RNA helicase that is mutated in patients with rare neuromuscular diseases SMARD1 and CMT2S. IGHMBP2 is implicated in translational and transcriptional regulation via biochemical association with ribosomal proteins, pre-rRNA processing factors, and tRNA-related species. To uncover the cellular consequences of perturbingIGHMBP2, we generated full and partial IGHMBP2 deletion K562 cell lines. Using polysome profiling and a nascent protein synthesis assay, we found that IGHMBP2 deletion modestly reduces global translation. We performed Ribo-seq and RNA-seq and identified diverse gene expression changes due to IGHMBP2 deletion, includingATF4up-regulation. With recent studies showing the integrated stress response (ISR) can contribute to tRNA metabolism-linked neuropathies, we asked whether perturbingIGHMBP2promotes ISR activation. We generated ATF4 reporter cell lines and found IGHMBP2 knockout cells demonstrate basal, chronic ISR activation. Our work expands upon the impact of IGHMBP2 in translation and elucidates molecular mechanisms that may link mutant IGHMBP2 to severe clinical phenotypes.
Dual neutrophil subsets exacerbate or suppress inflammation in tuberculosis via IL-1β or PD-L1
Authors: Doz-Deblauwe Emilie , Bounab Badreddine , Carreras Florence , Fahel Julia S , Oliveira Sergio C , Lamkanfi Mohamed , Le Vern Yves , Germon Pierre , Pichon Julien , Kempf Florent , Paget Christophe , Remot Aude , Winter Nathalie
Published: May 2024

Neutrophils can be beneficial or deleterious during tuberculosis (TB). Based on the expression of MHC-II and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), we distinguished two functionally and transcriptionally distinct neutrophil subsets in the lungs of mice infected with mycobacteria. Inflammatory [MHC-II−, PD-L1lo] neutrophils produced inflammasome-dependent IL-1β in the lungs in response to virulent mycobacteria and “accelerated” deleterious inflammation, which was highly exacerbated in IFN-γR−/−mice. Regulatory [MHC-II+, PD-L1hi] neutrophils “brake” inflammation by suppressing T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ production. Such beneficial regulation, which depends on PD-L1, is controlled by IFN-γR signaling in neutrophils. The hypervirulent HN878 strain from the Beijing genotype curbed PD-L1 expression by regulatory neutrophils, abolishing the braking function and driving deleterious hyperinflammation in the lungs. These findings add a layer of complexity to the roles played by neutrophils in TB and may explain the reactivation of this disease observed in cancer patients treated with anti-PD-L1.
K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chain interactome reveals branch- and length-specific ubiquitin interactors
Authors: Waltho Anita , Popp Oliver , Lenz Christopher , Pluska Lukas , Lambert Mahil , Dötsch Volker , Mertins Philipp , Sommer Thomas
Published: May 2024

The ubiquitin (Ub) code denotes the complex Ub architectures, including Ub chains of different lengths, linkage types, and linkage combinations, which enable ubiquitination to control a wide range of protein fates. Although many linkage-specific interactors have been described, how interactors are able to decode more complex architectures is not fully understood. We conducted a Ub interactor screen, in humans and yeast, using Ub chains of varying lengths, as well as homotypic and heterotypic branched chains of the two most abundant linkage types—lysine 48–linked (K48) and lysine 63–linked (K63) Ub. We identified some of the first K48/K63-linked branch-specific Ub interactors, including histone ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP10/ARTD10, E3 ligase UBR4, and huntingtin-interacting protein HIP1. Furthermore, we revealed the importance of chain length by identifying interactors with a preference for Ub3 over Ub2 chains, including Ub-directed endoprotease DDI2, autophagy receptor CCDC50, and p97 adaptor FAF1. Crucially, we compared datasets collected using two common deubiquitinase inhibitors—chloroacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide. This revealed inhibitor-dependent interactors, highlighting the importance of inhibitor consideration during pulldown studies. This dataset is a key resource for understanding how the Ub code is read.
Integrating Sustainable Development Principles in Learning Mathematics to Stimulate Sustainable Skills in Future Generations
Authors: Lestari Santi Arum Puspita , Nurapriani Fitria , Kusumaningrum Dwi Sulistya
Published: May 2024

This research constitutes a literature review employing a qualitative approach, analyzing scholarly articles, books, and other documents related to sustainable development. This article aims to summarize and analyze previous studies concerning sustainable development in the context of mathematics education, as well as strategies that can be employed to integrate the principles of sustainable education. Integrating the principles of sustainable development into education, including mathematics education, is crucial in fostering a more environmentally responsible society and promoting sustainability across all sectors. However, its implementation remains limited. Educators face various challenges, including a lack of time, resources, and understanding of sustainable education, along with a dearth of supportive teaching materials. The principles of sustainable development can serve as a framework for developing curricula and teaching practices that are more sustainable. Educators can select mathematical problems related to environmental or social issues, discuss relevant mathematical concepts in connection with these problems, and help students comprehend the impact of mathematical decisions on the environment and society. Integrating the principles of sustainable development into mathematics education not only aids in producing a generation with sustainable skills but also motivates students to learn mathematics in more engaging and meaningful ways. A learning approach centered around sustainable development can be an effective way to prepare students for a sustainable future. The article also underscores the necessity for curriculum development, training, and professional advancement for educators.
Comparison of speech and resonance outcomes across three methods of treatment for maxillary defects
Authors: Papadopoulos-Nydam Georgina , Wolfaardt Johan , Seikaly Hadi , O'Connell Dan , Harris Jeffrey , Osswald Martin , Nayar Suresh , Rieger Jana
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Treatment of maxillary defects, whether by prosthetic rehabilitation or surgical reconstruction, should aim to restore speech function and resonance balance. With the advent of technology and changing clinical practices related to maxillary defect management, speech outcomes need to be evaluated and compared in order to determine efficacy of differing approaches.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and four patients across three treatment groups for maxillary defects were included: 38 patients who were treated with maxillary obturators (OBT group), 39 patients who were treated with a standard fibular free flap reconstruction that did not involve digital planning of the reconstruction (Standard group) and 27 patients who were reconstructed using a digitally planned surgical design and simulation fibular free flap reconstruction (SDS group). Speech assessments were completed to assess word and sentence intelligibility, resonance balance, and aeromechanical orifice estimation among these three groups. Assessments included the Computerized Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech (C-AIDS), nasalance scores via the Nasometer and palatopharyngeal orifice area via the PERCI-SARS.
Results: Significant differences were found in word intelligibility between the SDS and the Standard groups (p=.035) and on nasalance scores between the SDS and the OBT groups (p=.027).
Conclusions: Patients treated with digital reconstruction (SDS) had better speech outcomes than the other two treatment groups, whose mean scores on certain speech variables were not within normal limits. Speech outcomes in the SDS group were consistently within the normal range across all measured speech variables. (Int J Maxillofac Prosthetics 2017;1:2-8)
Dietary exposure assessment of Filipinos to sodium benzoate in water-based
beverages
Authors: Guilaran R.E.P. , Nacionales K.B. , Billedo E.G. , Agor C.M.B. , Buiser P.B.M. , Lipana M.F.M. , Matanguihan J.R.A. , Lundag A.G.
Published: May 2024

Sodium benzoate (SB) is a common preservative in food used to inhibit the growth of
mold, yeast, and bacteria. One of the common sources of SB in the diet is processed
beverages. However, excess intake of SB can be detrimental to health. Thus, the present
study assessed the exposure of Filipinos to SB through the consumption of water-based
beverages. The actual SB content of water-based beverages available in the Philippine
market was determined using a validated reversed-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) method. A total of seventeen samples were collected from four
districts in Metro Manila for SB analysis. The SB concentration data were then combined
with the consumption data from the 2008 Philippine National Nutrition Survey (NNS) to
derive a dietary exposure estimate of Filipinos to SB in beverages. The dietary exposure
estimates were then compared with the upper bound ADI for SB set by the Joint FAO/
WHO Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) which is 20 mg.kg-1
day-1
. Results have
shown that the analyzed sample beverages contained SB from 1 to 286 mg.kg-1
. Filipinos
were found to be exposed to SB at levels below its ADI considering average (2 to 6%
ADI) and high consumption (4 to 18% ADI) of commonly consumed water-based
beverages. Children ages 1.0-5.9 years had the highest risk of exposure to SB. In general,
exposure of Filipinos to SB through the consumption of water-based beverages does not
constitute a significant health risk. However, to better validate the level of risk of children
to SB, it is recommended that the scope of the dietary exposure assessment be extended to
include other food groups known to contain SB and conduct a probabilistic approach to
exposure assessment using the latest consumption data from the NNS.
Research on Post-Reading Writing in the Teaching of Senior High School English Based on Core Literacy
Authors: Wang Xu
Published: May 2024

In today’s education field, high school English teaching no longer involves just the imparting of language knowledge, but is also related to the cultivation and promotion of students’ core quality. Among them, as an important teaching activity, post-reading writing has shown its unique teaching value under the framework of core literacy. This paper aims to deeply explore the teaching of post-reading writing based on core literacy in senior high school. Through theoretical overview and application, the significance of core literacy in the background, and the sharing of teaching strategies, it aims to provide a new way of thinking and methods for English educators, so as to promote the comprehensive improvement of students’ language ability, cultural awareness, and thinking quality.
Epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Santos Júnior Gilvan Caetano dos , Carvalho Maressa Maziero de , Salvatori Alessandra , Barbosa Karine Ferreira , Arruda Larissa Domingues Castilho de , Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues
Published: May 2024

Introduction: When syphilis is not treated during pregnancy, it results in a considerable proportion of early fetal and neonatal deaths, with a high probability of vertical transmission, and when this occurs, Congenital Syphilis (CS) develops. Aim: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of SC in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, from 2012 to 2021. Design: A cross sectional, descriptive, retrospective, qualitative and quantitative study was carried out, limited to the years 2012 to 2021, with secondary data and the variables: child's age, final diagnosis, mother's age range, race, or color, having undergone prenatal care, time of diagnosis of maternal syphilis, maternal treatment regimen and deaths due to CS in children under one year of age. Results: 2,932 cases of CS were reported during the period. In the state, 88.1% of cases were in children less than 7 days old. 71.4% of mothers reported receiving prenatal care. Given the information about the mother's therapeutic regimen, 39.1% were inadequate, 28.8% did not receive treatment and in only 3.2% the treatment was adequate. Implications: The CS incidence rate in the State remained above the established national parameter, which is why it is necessary to invest more in epidemiological surveillance, as this is the first step to controlling the disease.
JOVENS DA MEDIDA SOCIOEDUCATIVA EM PARNAÍBA/PI: ENTRE GRAFIAS DE VIDA E CORPOS NA GUERRA
Authors: Adad Shara Jane Holanda Costa , Véras Linhares Francisca Maria
Published: May 2024

A construção do jovem socialmente perigoso, no Brasil, envolve determinações discriminatórias e estigmatizantes, elaboradas sobre as pessoas negras, empobrecidas e periféricas, sujeitos históricos e culturalmente marcados para morrer. Em 2019, foram 45.503 homicídios registrados, deles, 34.466, o correspondente a mais de ¾, são de pessoas negras, sendo que mais da metade (23.327) do total geral são jovens. Os dados demonstram a realidade construída no Brasil a partir da colonização até hoje. Isso revela o Mito da Democracia Racial vivenciado no Brasil e o abolicionismo inconcluso que impõem à comunidade negra condições de miséria e criminalização. A biografia do corpo marcado para morrer ou a necrografia acontece na incorporação de etiquetas estigmatizastes sobre jovens negros no Brasil e no mundo, autorizando suas mortes. Mas mesmo com tal imposição, o objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar qual juventude é produzida pelos jovens em cumprimento Sedida Socioeducativa em meio aberto em Parnaíba-PI e descobrir suas grafias de vida ou a Biografia Menor, que evidencia como eles habitam seus territórios, traçam linhas de fuga e produzem vida. Para produção de dados, a Sociopoética foi valorizada como ethos, considerando-se seus princípios, que promovem experiência decolonizadoras. Na oficina de produção de dados foram inventados devires-criaturas-vida que revelam o confeto Problema-Guerra-Negócio-de-Facção, contorno importante na produção da subjetividade juvenil em Parnaíba-PI. Além dessa denúncia, os dados evidenciaram linhas de fuga para produção e ampliação da vida através da arte das manobras radicais em motocicletas e nas relações de amor e amizade.
Tecnologias digitais nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem para estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Callegari Marcellino José , Tonelli Elizangela , Barbosa Geovane Carlos , Amorim Fúlvia Ventura Leandro , Santos Sidney Silva
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar as pesquisas existentes sobre o uso de tecnologias digitais no ensino de matemática para estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), destacando os principais resultados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com foco no procedimento da Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, onde fez-se uma busca por artigos científicos em seis bases (WorldCat, Scopus, Science Direct, Scielo, ERIC e Web of Science), nos últimos cinco anos, abarcando a temática Tecnologia Digital, Autismo e Educação Matemática. Recuperou-se cinco artigos, sendo três do Brasil e dois de Portugal.  Embora percebido um tímido crescimento de interesse a partir de 2022, notou-se que há uma escassez no número de publicações relacionadas a temática. Considerando que a tecnologia digital é crucial para inovar no ensino e aprendizado, os resultados deste estudo apontam que há um vasto campo de investigação em relação ao uso de tecnologias assistivas digitais na educação de estudantes autistas.
Trabajo agrario femenino en Cataluña, 1830-1930
Authors: Colome-Ferrer Josep
Published: May 2024

Work by women was crucial to guaranteeing the viability of small peasant farms in Catalonia throughout the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In this article, we describe the jobs done by peasant women on their own family farms, the tasks for which they were hired as day-labourers, and the organization of work crews for the period covering 1850-1930. We then analyse the volume of female agricultural labour contracted in relation to male labour, as well as the seasonality of the work carried out by female day-labourers. The study establishes new wage series and calculations for the wage gap between male and female earnings in various Catalan counties. Finally, we identify factors that help explain the wage differences detected among counties.
Indonesia Transport Loan Projects: Development Outcome Attributions (DOA) on Unemployment, Growth, and Poverty
Authors: Ingratubun Muhammad A , Fauzi Akmad , Siregar Hermanto , Nuryartono Nunung R
Published: May 2024

Our goal was to investigate the effects of international development banks' foreign exchange loan-funded transportation projects. We examined the effects and efficacy of Indonesia's transport loan projects, which were supported by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), to achieve this, 67 projects of $8.85 billion in value were undertaken between 1972 and 2020. This study is significant because it is the first in the history of development assistance—after 100 years—that is based entirely on banking theories and practices, employing attribution techniques and presuming that all loans will be disbursed into Indonesia's economy. Nevertheless, the effectiveness narratives are untrue because—after being converted into Rupiah—less than 10% of the loan fund made it to Indonesia's economy. According to our analysis, the loans from both banks decreased growth by 200% and increased poverty by 220%, even if they were successful in providing jobs. The disbursement delays of five to seven years result in capital outflows of more than $26 for every $1 loan. Fixing this necessitates a 100% payout in Rupiah into Indonesia's national banking systems the same year that the loan agreements are executed.
Pengaruh Desain Pekerjaan dan Pengembangan Karir terhadap Prestasi Kerja Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Wahyudi Fitria Desy , Suryatni Mukmin
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of job design and carrer development on work performance with job satisfaction as a variable that intervenes on traffic unit personnel of the east lombok district police. The method of using data using a questionnaire. Population of 59 personnel, with a sample as much 59. The analytical method uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the SmartPLS v.4.0 tool. The results showed that first, design has a positive but not significant effect on work performance. Second, the career development has a positive and significant effect on work performance. Third, job design has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Fourth, the career development has a positive effect on job satisfaction. Fifth, job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on work performance. Sixth, job design has a positive and significant effect on work performance through job satisfaction. Seventh, the career development has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Research results can be used as a basis for improving and improving job design, career development, job satisfaction, and work performance.
Navigating Challenges: How Divorce Affects the Quality of Children's Education
Authors: Suprianto Nanang , Syukri Syukri , Suriyani Erma
Published: May 2024

Divorce is a complex life event that often profoundly affects various aspects of family life, including children's education. This study aims to explore the impact of divorce on the quality of children's education, considering both academic and socio-emotional dimensions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The participants consisted of parents and teachers from diverse socio-economic backgrounds, providing a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. Surveys were utilized to collect quantitative data on academic performance, attendance, and behavioral changes among children from divorced families. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted to gather qualitative insights into the emotional and social adjustments experienced by these children. Data were analyzed using statistical techniques for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings reveal multifaceted impacts of divorce on children's education, encompassing academic challenges, emotional distress, and changes in social dynamics. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions and support systems within educational settings to address the unique needs of children affected by divorce.
Pengenalan Produk Modifikasi Mesin Ketinting Dengan Penambahan Alternator Kepada Nelayan Tradisional
Authors: Okariawan I dewa ketut , Wiratama I Kadek , Zainuri Achmad , Mara I Made , Kaliwantoro Nur
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK
Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyakakat di desa Dara Kunci kepada kelompok masyarakat nelayan tradisional ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi beban operasional dan meningkatkan produktifitas dan mengentaskan kemiskinan dalam jangka panjang. Dalam operasionalnya terutama melaut di malam hari, nelayan  menggunakan aki untuk mensuplai daya lampu penerangan. Untuk penerangan 4 lampu 5 watt aki 12 volt hanya mampu bertahan selama 4 jam sehingga perlu melakukan inovasi/modifikasi mesin perahu agar bisa mengisi aki sendiri. Dengan menggunakan lampu penerangan yang telah modifikasi ini diharapkan nelayan dapat menambah jam operasionalnya yang biasanya hanya disiang hari menjadi malam hari. Bertambahnya jam operasi nelayan akan dapat meningkatkan tangkapan nelayan. Begitu pula dengan kemampuan nelayan merawat mesin perahu secara baik dan benar akan dapat menambah umur pemakain mesin. Sehingga kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan kegiatan adalah metode penyuluhan perawatan mesin prahu dan pelatihan tentang teknologi lampu penerangan nelayan saat melaut pada malam hari. Untuk penerapan lampu penerangan saat melaut di malam hari dan penyuluhan perawatan mesin perahu digunakan metode Participatory Action Research (PAR) yaitu; melibatkan masyarakat kelompok nelayan secara langsung dalam kegiatan mulai dari penyiapan, perencanaan, dan pembuatan maupun pengoperasian alat sehingga nelayan dapat melaksanakan sendiri pembuatan lampu penerangan saat melaut di malam hari dan perawatan ringan perahu setelah kegiatan berakhir. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah Mesin ketinting sebagai penggerak perahu dapat dimodifikasi dengan menambahkan alternator sebagai carge aki, dengan lama pengisian aki selama 4 jam dan peningkatan konsumsi bahan bakar sangat kecil yaitu 7 persen. Hasil dari penyuluhan ini adalah sekarang masyarakat lebih aman dan nyaman untuk melaut pada malam hari karena sudah ada lampu diperahunya yang sekaligus dapat membuat ikan mendekatinya. Dengan adanya pengisian aki mereka tidak lagi cemas akan kehabisan daya aki saat melaut. Begitu juga untuk perbaikan kerusakan kecil perahu sudah dapat ditangani sendiri.
Estratégias didáticas e suas contribuições para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Biologia no Ensino Médio: uma revisão de literatura.
Authors: Pepino Lorena Vargas Soares
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: Diante do contexto educacional atual, torna-se fundamental a busca por métodos inovadores e estratégias didáticas diversificadas, especialmente no contexto do ensino de Biologia. Com o int
Ao Sol Carta é Farol
Authors: Lima. Reginâmio Bonifácio de
Published: May 2024

Uma importante obra surge na Amazônia (Acre-Purus) do escritor
Reginâmio Bonifácio de Lima, com título de “AO SOL CARTA É FAROL: A luta pela posse das terras acreanas durante a Ditadura Militar”. São raros os escritos do norte do Brasil que conseguem trazer ao público documentação rara, conteúdo crítico e escritos de gente do cotidiano. Existem documentos amarelados em gavetas, mas, nas redes virtuais, estarão à disposição. Em muitos lugares, porém, precisamos de mapas para colocar os
conceitos que usamos como estratégia de valorização de pessoas e instituições que seriam esquecidas. Agora recolocadas como atores, dignas de merecidos tributos, de modo particular de Reginâmio, que soube ler no espaço
em branco das linhas, de gente de verdade, para fazer história de verdade.
Reginâmio Bonifácio de Lima é acreano. Nasceu em Rio Branco no
dia 24 de maio de 1977. Seus familiares fazem parte daquela raiz forte de
levas e levas do Nordeste que chegaram ao Acre para trabalhar. Daqueles rincões vieram seus avós: a) Pedro Ferreira Lima e Margarida Siqueira Lima, por parte de pai: Severino Ferreira Lima (in memoriam) – e José Bonifácio Monteiro e Raimunda Monteiro Bonifácio, por parte de mãe: Maria Bonifácio de Lima (viva). Reginâmio atuou como vendedor ambulante,na construção civil, no setor público e na docência universitária. Do cotidiano trazia àquelas mesmas ideias que forjaram a personalidade de seus pais, cujos frutos o revelaria logo, como educador universitário e membro da Academia Acreana de Letras (Cadeira no 2). É escritor de importantes
livros e de artigos de relevância, versando sobre assuntos necessários para nosso tempo: as realidades amazônica e acreana, entre outros; e, sobre o patrimônio cultural brasileiro, ao qual tive o privilégio de compartilhar
a escrita. Como resultado do estudo incansável do autor, alcançando avaliação unânime e o merecido voto de Louvor, o prefácio dessa obra nasce como resultado da Tese doutoral defendida pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul
(31 de março de 2023).
Non-surgical Techniques for Combined Rheumatic Severe Aortic and Mitral Stenosis – Case Series and Brief Review of Literature
Authors: Uma Devi Karuru , Sadanand Reddy Tummala , Naveen T , Kiran Kumar Kanjerla , Gautam PS , Sai Kumar Mysore
Published: May 2024

Rheumatic heart disease persists as a significant concern in developing regions, often resulting in multivalvular heart conditions. Treatment options are limited, though percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy effectively addresses rheumatic mitral stenosis. Non-surgical interventions for aortic stenosis include balloon aortic valvotomy and Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), tailored to patient factors like age and comorbidities. We describe two cases of Rheumatic multivalvular disease which were managed non-surgical. The first case is a pioneering procedure performed on a young patient combined percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy with balloon aortic valvotomy, guided by 4-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (4D TEE). This represents the first documented instance in medical literature, showcasing the potential of integrated interventions and advanced imaging techniques. In the second challenging case involving a heavily calcified, retrovirus, and Hepatitis B positive 55-year-old, a staged approach was adopted, involving percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy followed by Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Despite complexities, this sequential strategy demonstrates the adaptability of transcatheter techniques in managing complex valvular pathologies. These cases highlight the evolving landscape of interventional cardiology and underscore the importance of tailored, multidisciplinary approaches in optimizing outcomes for patients with rheumatic heart disease and multivalvular involvement, especially in resource-limited settings. Further exploration and dissemination of such innovative strategies hold promise for enhancing cardiac care quality and expanding treatment options globally.
Reklamlarda Metafor Kullanımı: Fast-Food Reklamları Örneği
Authors: Ersan Merve , Şen Emrullah
Published: May 2024

Rekabet çarklarını harekete geçirmek ve kurumsal kimliğinin konumlandırılmasında uzun dönemli farkındalıklar yaratmak isteyen markaların, görsel bir çekicilik yaratma ve güçlü bir hikâye anlatma yolunda metafora başvurmaması oldukça güçtür. Metafor, bir ürün veya hizmete özgü tanımlamaları yapmanın ötesinde nitelikleri ve işlevleri hakkında düşündürerek tüketicide muhtemel çarpıcı yeni fikirlerin ve değerlerin yaratılmasının merkezinde yer alır. Pazarlama dünyasında izleyicilerin ilgisini çekebilecek yeni alanlar açar. Ürün veya hizmete yönelik benzersiz bir kavramı, fikri veya açıklamayı ifade etme noktasında yüzeyselliği reddeder; güçlendirmenin ve büyütmenin taraftarlığında yerini alarak arzu edilen en uygun durumlar ile ilişkilendirir. Bunu yaparken, içsel imgelerin ve zihinsel modellerin merceğinden faydalanır. Reklamlarda metafor kullanımı ile verilmek istenen mesaj, gerçekliğin soyut modelleri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Retorik bir figür olarak metafor, birbirinden farklı nesneleri ve bireysel, sosyal ve de kültürel farklılık algılarını bir araya getirerek analojik çözümlemenin temelini ve etkin mesajlar vermenin yapı taşını oluşturur. Bu noktada, reklamın metaforik ögelerden yoksun bırakılması; yüzeysel bir anlatım oluşturacağından tüketicinin marka, ürün ve hizmet arasındaki örtülü bilgiye ulaşma çabasını güçsüzleştireceği ifade edilebilir. Bu bağlamda; fast-food reklamlarındaki metaforik dilin de mekânsal strateji bakımından restoranın tüketiciyle ilişkisini en üst düzeye çıkartacak şekilde düzenlendiği gözlemlenmektedir. Böylece reklam oluşumu; akılda kalıcı ve ikna edici bir güce bürünerek marka, ürün ve hizmetin yaratıcılığını ve ayırt edici özelliklerini sergileme noktasında önemli olan birçok retorik çıkarımlara sahip olmaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında reklamlarda metafor kullanımının önemi bağlamında fast-food reklamları incelenmiştir. İncelenen örneklerde kullanılan metaforun reklam iletisine çok yönlülük ve işlevsellik bağlamında katkı sağladığı görülmüştür.
Analysis of the effect of oil palm partnership pattern on the selling price and quality of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) at the level of independent farmers in Sumber Rejeki village Sungai Lilin District Musi Banyuasin Regency
Authors: Obi Berillian Sidik  , Nurilla Elysa Putri  , Hana Pangestu  , Akhdes Nurtabara PF  , Karunia Sari
Published: May 2024

The objectives of this research are: (1) To examine the partnership patterns among independent oil palm farmers in Sumber Rejeki Village. (2) To identify factors that influence the price and quality of FFB within the partnership patterns of independent oil palm farmers in Sumber Rejeki Village. (3) To assess the impact of partnership patterns on the price and quality of FFB among independent oil palm farmers in Sumber Rejeki Village. (4) To provide recommendations for a relevant partnership management model to be implemented in the partnership patterns of oil palm farmers in Sumber Rejeki Village. This research was conducted in Sumber Rejeki Village. The research methods used are survey method and purposive sampling method. The number of samples taken is 31 independent oil palm farmers from Sumber Rejeki Village. The sample was determined using the Slovin’s method. The research findings indicate that: The partnership model existing in Sumber Rejeki Village is the inti-plasma partnership. The factor that most influences the price of FFB is the quality of the seeds. The factor that most affects the quality of the FFB is the level of ripeness. The analysis has shown that there is a significant impact of the village cooperative unit, core companies, and independent farmers on the price and quality of FFB in Sumber Rejeki Village. The recommended partnership model to be implemented, based on the first priority alternative results, is the core-plasma partnership with a focus on the criteria of capital support.
Intelligent Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Using Deep Learning
Authors: Bapir Seyedeh Nastaran , Alavi Seyed Enayatallah , Naderan Tahan Marjan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Lung cancer, a highly prevalent disease worldwide, poses a significant risk to individuals. Nodules, which manifest as minuscule masses in the lungs, serve as crucial indicators of the early stages of the disease, with the possibility of being either benign or malignant in nature. Prompt diagnosis of this ailment plays a pivotal role in saving patients' lives, thus rendering the utilization of computed aided diagnosis methods exceedingly valuable within this domain.Material and Methods: The methodology employed for presentation purposes is deeply rooted in the principles of deep learning, a field that epitomizes the amalgamation of artificial intelligence and neuroscience. Delving into the specifics, the initial phase of this process entails the preprocessing of data, wherein the lung area is meticulously isolated from computed tomography (CT) scan images. Subsequently, in the second stage, the identification of nodules is facilitated through the employment of the mask region convolutional neural network (RCNN) technique, which effectively entails the delineation of masks and bounding boxes. The third and final step involves the classification of the identified nodules, achieved through the utilization of a singular convolutional neural network, ultimately segregating the nodules into three distinct categories: benign, malignant, and ambiguous. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method, the LIDC-IDRI dataset was employed as a means of testing, thereby furnishing tangible evidence to substantiate the claim that the presented method is on par with its counterparts within the realm of detecting and classifying lung nodules.Results: It is worth noting that the proposed method has yielded a remarkable accuracy rate of 95% in the phase of nodule detection, further bolstering its credibility and reliability. Furthermore, the accuracy rate achieved during the step of nodule classification stands at an impressive 97.3%, thereby cementing the efficacy of the proposed method in a comprehensive manner.Conclusion: The purpose of this work to provide an intelligent system for reducing the amount of the workload of the physicians in this field. After examining and studying some data set, the LIDC-IDRI data set is presented, for this work because of being suitable for two works of detecting nodule place and nodule classification, lots of data, and because of being reliable and used in previous reliable works that can provide the ability to compare the results.
Unlocking Therapeutic Symphonies: Innovations in Clinical Decision Support for Drug-Disease Interactions in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Shakiba Chonoor , Esmaeili Ayda , Pirnejad Habibollah , Niazkhani Zahra
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Drug-disease interactions (DDSIs) are associated with increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. These interactions are preventable if recognized and managed properly. Medication safety is critical in kidney transplant patients due to polypharmacy, co-morbidities, and susceptibility to adverse events. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can play a key role therein. Therefore, this study aims to report on the process of developing an innovative, patient-centered, context-aware CDSS for managing DDSIs in kidney recipients.Material and Methods: Clinically important DDSIs were identified in the medications of patients at a kidney transplant outpatient clinic. Subsequently, rules for their detection and management were extracted based on pharmacology references and clinical expertise. A CDSS was developed and piloted following recommendations on medication CDSS design principles.Results: The knowledge base for this CDSS was developed with clinical context sensitivity. We defined priority levels for alerts, established associated display rules, and determined necessary actions based on the transplantation clinical workflow. The DDSI-CDSS correctly detected 37 DDSIs and displayed nine warnings and 28 cautionary alerts for the medications of 113 study patients (32.7% DDSI rate). The system fired three warnings for diltiazem in bradyarrhythmia, and two for each of the following medications and underlying diseases: aspirin in asthma, erythropoietin alfa in hypertension, and gemfibrozil in gall bladder disease. The potential consequences of the identified DDSIs were GI complications (17%), deterioration of the existing disease/condition (6.1%), and an increased risk of arrhythmias (2.6%), thrombosis (2.6%), and hypertension (1.7%). Complying with system alerts and recommendations would potentially prevent all these DDSIs.Conclusion: This study delineates the process of developing an evidence-based DDSI-CDSS for kidney transplantation, laying the groundwork for future advancements. Our results underscore the clinical significance of these interactions and emphasize the imperative for their accurate and timely detection, particularly in these vulnerable patients.
Chatbots Utility in Healthcare Industry: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Afsahi Amir Masoud , Seyed Alinaghi Seyed Ahmad , Molla Ayoob , Mirzapour Pegah , Jahani Shima , Razi Armin , Mojdeganlou Paniz , Karimi Elaheh , Mehrtak Mohammad , Dadras Omid , Afsahi Ghazaleh , Syed Shahla F. , Norbash Alexander , Mehraeen Esmaeil
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Chatbots, computer programs emulating natural language conversations, have gained attention in healthcare. Recent advances address issues like obesity, dementia, oncology, and insomnia. A comprehensive assessment of their utility is essential for widespread adoption. This study aims to summarize chatbots' role in healthcare.Material and Methods: The methodology involved a systematic review of English-language literature up to May 8, 2023, from databases of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Selection followed a two-step process based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. The PRISMA checklist and AMSTAR-2 tool ensured quality.Results: The review encompassed 38 articles. Findings reveal chatbots primarily promote healthy lifestyles, improving mental well-being. They are widely used for treatment, education, and screening due to their accessibility.Conclusion: Chatbots hold transformative potential in healthcare, especially in mental health, cancer management, and public health. They are poised to revolutionize the industry, offering innovative solutions and improving patient outcomes.
Applying Digital Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques for Screening of Skin Lesions
Authors: Pourmand Zahra , Shirali Mahmood , Hadianfard Ali Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The presence of pigmented skin lesions is a significant global concern in the prevention of skin cancer. Detecting skin cancer at an early stage is essential for proper management and effective treatment. This study aimed to combine image processing and data mining to develop an intelligent model to screen skin cancer from skin lesions.Material and Methods: The images were taken in a clinic by smartphone. Patients over 40 years of age participated in the study. During the segmentation phase, the lesions were separated from the original images through machine vision techniques. Various features such as symmetry, border irregularity, color variation, and diameter were extracted from the images, while some features were also obtained through face-to-face examination. Finally, a neural network was employed to classify whether the lesion was cancerous or non-cancerous. In addition, MATLAB version 2022 was considered to design the model.Results: The study results indicated excellent segmentation. Using a neural network-based model, skin lesions were classified with a high level of accuracy, with 98.4% accuracy and 97% sensitivity. The results indicated the designed model significantly screened skin cancer with high accuracy.Conclusion: This model can help patients to manage self-care and become aware of their skin lesions before consulting a physician.
Awareness and Attitude Toward Telemedicine of Students at University of Paramedical Sciences
Authors: Ghaddaripour Kosar , Mousavi Baigi Seyyedeh Fatemeh , Hashemi Seyyed Ahmad , Sezavar Dokhtfaroughi Sara , Dahmardeh Kemmak Fatemeh , Mazaheri Habibi Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Telemedicine technology is no longer a futuristic concept and is increasingly integrated into health care. As the studies on attitudes toward telemedicine focus mainly on physicians and medical students, there is a need to evaluate the views of students in other fields of paramedical sciences. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the awareness of and attitude towards telemedicine among the Paramedical Sciences students of Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences in Mashhad.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2022. A standard questionnaire was used to evaluate the awareness of and attitude towards telemedicine. This questionnaire included 14 questions, including demographic information (5 questions), information related to exposure to telemedicine (5 questions), interest in telemedicine (2 questions), and plans for future use (2 questions). A proportional per-size sampling method was used for paramedical sciences students.Results: A total of 81 participants responded to the research questionnaire. Most of the students (70.4%) stated that they had seldom been exposed to telemedicine technology. However, 50 students (62.6%) agreed and strongly agreed that exposure to telemedicine in the classroom is an important educational aspect. Also, 37 students (45.7%) strongly agreed that telemedicine needs face-to-face education. A significant difference was observed between the field of study and interest after experiencing telemedicine among the students (p=0.04). Also, there was a significant difference between the academic semester and the level of interest in telemedicine among the students (p<0.001).Conclusion: The results of this survey show that the majority of paramedical sciences students still lack the experience of being exposed to it, despite the increasing development of telemedicine. Since the majority of them are interested in using telemedicine as an educational aspect, future studies are recommended to help the education and experience of exposure to telemedicine among paramedical science students.