bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Care System for Ethiopian population (analytical review)
Authors: Molla Israel B. , Kiku Pavel F. , Rasskazova Valentina N. , Bogdanova Valeriya D.
Published: May 2023

The problem of obtaining high-quality, affordable, effective medical care for the population in developing countries, especially the African continent, is urgent.
The purpose of the study is an assessment of Ethiopian health care system based on various health indicators of the country’s population.
The following indicators characterizing the health care system were used: health care financing, life expectancy, indicators of medical care, human resources capacity of health care institutions, population morbidity, crude mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, infant and child mortality rate, vaccine prevention. There were analyzed the scientific literature reviews, obtained from the incidence databases of the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health and other sources. The search for scientific literature was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Global Health databases.
The review presents an assessment of the health care delivery system in Ethiopia, which identified a number of problems regarding the underfunding of the health care system. Maternal and child mortality rates were noted to be significantly reduced owing to the implementation of programs for prenatal care and vaccination of children. The distribution of highly qualified employees is biased towards private and non-governmental organizations. Statistical data showed an increase in the coverage of routine vaccination of children in recent years.
The analysis made it possible to determine the main directions of medical and preventive work and can fully serve as the base for the development of programs for the improvement of the population of Ethiopia.
Professional choice as a moral dilemma for doctors in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Nikishina Vera B. , Petrash Ekaterina A. , Morgun Aleksey N. , Morgun Lyubov A. , Nedurueva Tatyana V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has added new semantic trend to the problem of the professional choice of doctors through a change in the conditions of their activities in the direction of intensifying tasks, complicating the possibilities for their implementation, and multiplying the uncertainty of the efforts made.
The purpose of the study. Assessing the professional choice of doctors in the context of COVID-19 when solving moral dilemmas.
Material and methods. The total sample size was four hundred twenty nine people (doctors of various surgical and therapeutic specialties) aged of 25–32 years. All doctors had at least 1.5 years of practical experience in COVID-19 conditions. The study was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the author, containing 24 moral dilemmas related to professional decision-making.
Results. Regardless of the doctor’s profile, professional choice is made in favour of patients of the same gender as the doctor. At the same time, both male and female doctors strive to save young patients (up to 50 years old) with chronic diseases. At the same time, it should be noted that the profile (therapeutic or surgical) of a doctor and his specialty also influence the criteria for choosing professional decisions. Clear criteria in the situation of moral choice have not been established only in the group of ophthalmologists.
Limitations. Excluded from participation in the study were pediatricians and dentists, as well as doctors who lack professional experience in the context of COVID-19.
Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was found that regardless of the working conditions (in the red zone for COVID-19, in the green zone), both male and female doctors choose in favour of patients of the same gender. At the same time, doctors working in the red zone on COVID-19 make a professional choice in a situation of moral choice in favour of young patients of the same gender with chronic diseases. Physicians working in the green zone make the choice to rescue elderly patients of the same gender as physicians.
Dysbiotic changes in the intestines under the influence of exogenous biological determinants
Authors: Kuznetsova Kamalia Yu. , Sergiev Vladimir P. , Kuznetsova Maria A. , Aslanova Maria M. , Zagaynova Angelika V. , Fedets Zlata E. , Kovalchuk Maria V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Data were obtained on the difference in the quantitative and specific composition of intestinal microbiota bacteria in practically healthy individuals with subclinical invasions by pathogenic intestinal protozoa Lamblia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis. Сhanges in bacterial composition were shown to have characterological features and species-specific «targets» of intestinal microbiota destruction.
Material and methods. Bacteriological and parasitological research methods were used. For a comparative analysis of quantitative and specific changes in the symbiotic microflora, there were formed two groups: “Yes” and “No” for each type of pathogenic protozoa, bacteriological indicators were ranked by quantitative content — CFU “0–103”, CFU “103–10max”, CFU “10max”. Statistical differences in research results were determined by the Chi-square calculation method.
Results. Antagonistic activity of unicellular protozoa in relation to the symbiotic bacterial intestinal microflora in the examined population groups has a different degree of severity depending on the type of invasion. Parasitic pathogens were shown to inhibit up to 40% of the quantitative and 50% of the species composition of the intestinal microflora and are an aggressive biogenic factor in the destruction of biota. There are no limitations of the study.
Limitations. The studies had no methodological or administrative restrictions.
Conclusion. For the first time, significant statistical material has confirmed that asymptomatic parasitosis is a strong biogenic determinant of the development of destructive changes in the integral structure of the symbiotic microflora and the formation of a subclinical form of dysbiosis in an “almost healthy contingent” of the population. The asymptomatic carriage of Blastocysts spp. was found to have a more pronounced antagonistic effect on the bacterial composition of the intestinal microbiota than the presence of L. intestinalis, Blastocysts spp., form intestinal dysbiosis more aggressively, which indicates a greater pathogenic potential of B. hominis in the formation of intestinal pathology in humans.
COVID-19 Impact on Employees Behavior and Mental Well-Being in UAE (Abu Dhabi Emirates)
Authors: AlAmeri Ayesha
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The paper aims to identify the main stressors during the pandemic, examining some moderating factors which may mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on UAE employees’ behavior.

Methodology: Mixed method has been used to gather thorough information about the topic and identify the impact of COVID-19 using literature review of previous research and questionnaire.

Findings: COVID-19 has disrupted work and organizations across the globe as it implied unprecedented impact in the way organizations perform, affecting employees’ performance and mental well-being. This paper examines the impact of coronavirus pandemic on employees’ mental health and its association with shifting their performance. Literature reviews have signaled dramatic shifts in sleep, physical activity, and work productivity, which may have subsequent downstream mental well-being consequences. The impact of COVID-19 on employees differs from country to another due to the implemented measures including quarantine and technology readiness.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: COVID-19 had significant impact on Abu Dhabi Emirates employees’ behavior, attitude and mental health. Based on this research outcome, UAE employees can be well prepared for any future pandemics by enhancing their health lifestyle through balanced diet and exercise as it will enhance their health and will reduce their fear from any potential viruses as well as employees should have a second income that will support them in case of losing their main job during any crisis and will mitigate their job insecurity as they will be more stable in their income. The UAE based on this research and other research have implemented the remote work policy across the UAE for any employee who prefers to continue working from home during and post the pandemic and this increased employee’s well-being and satisfaction. Future research can use the suggested theories in potential pandemic or crisis research or post pandemic research to measure the impact on employee’s performance and well-being as this research might be a reference for future research on similar study.
Survival Probabilities and Lifestyle of Lung and Throat Cancer Patients in Bangladesh
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Ohid , Khan Md. Abrar Ashfaq
Published: May 2023

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to find out the survival probabilities and lifestyle of lung and throat cancer patients in Bangladesh.
Methods: The dataset was collected from the several hospitals of eight divisional cities in Bangladesh using a semi-structured questionnaire in two time points initially and after 12 months. Descriptive statistical tools, Multiple Reponses analysis, Factor analysis and Kaplan –Meier survival curve were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results revealed that prevalence of lung cancer is 6.7% and for throat it is 9.6%. It was observed that whose father had lung or throat cancer; they have more chance to be affected by the cancer. It was also found that median survival time of lung cancer (18.88 months) patients is more than that of throat cancer ( 10.67 months)  patients.  Communalities of Smoking (0.788) and fast food (0.785) were found highest compare to other lifestyle factors.
Conclusions: Taken together, we conclude that survival probabilities of lung cancer patients are higher than throat cancer patients and smoking and fast food are highly related with lung and throat cancer. Therefore, we should avoid smoking and fast food to improve public health sectors in Bangladesh.
What is this thing called ‘Area of Concentration’ in Academia? Is it as a result of the Teaching Methodologies OR Assessment Criterion? What about quality of Education?
Authors: Siwale Jacqueline , Mwewa Mathew
Published: May 2023

The study was explorative in nature incorporating a qualitative paradigm and involving semi-structured key informant interviews. The purpose of this study was to explore and also sought explanation to this new trend or phenomenon referred to as ‘Area of Concentration’ which students demand just before sitting for examinations. Purposive sampling will used to select lectures to be interviewed and stratified sampling will be used for students. A sample size of 180 student from a total of 200 key informant interviews was used. During data collection, both primary and secondary data were collected will be employed. In-depth interviews, case-studies and questionnaires. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) was used as to analyse data in the form of graphs and charts. The findings of the study included among others; suggested Strategies by both lecturers and students to minimise academic dishonesty such as taking stringent measures against offenders; thorough and strict marking; teaching students about how to cite sources of information and improving the provision of reading resources.
POSTURA DE OVOS DE MOSCAS SOLDADO NEGRO COM INFLUÊNCIA EM SUA CRIAÇÃO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Jorge da Silva Gustavo Aparecido , Matulovic da Silva Rodrigueiro Mariana , Mollo Neto Mario , Sussi Mustafé Oliveira Kassandra , José de Oliveira Morais Flávio , Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho Luís , Silva Braga Junior Sergio , Alan Verdú Ramos Ricardo , Sérgio Barbosa dos Santos Paulo
Published: May 2023

A fim de compreender a influência de tratamentos e do ambiente na vida da mosca soldado negro, foi realizada esta pesquisa a respeito de artigos publicados de 2018 a 2022, coletados por meio da busca nas bases de dados IEEE, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizando uma string de busca com o objetivo reduzir a abrangência de dados, tornando-se possível encontrar inicialmente 417 artigos relacionados. Com o auxílio do software StArt e critérios de seleção previamente definidos, foi possível classificá-los com o uso de pontuação do programa, excluindo os artigos com baixa relação. Por fim, apenas 11 trabalhos atenderam os requisitos e foram aceitos na etapa de extração, fazendo parte da Revisão Sistemática e construindo um conhecimento sólido acerca da mosca soldado negro (Hermetia illucens) e sua criação.
Causative Factors Associated with Dry Socket; A Retrospective Study Among the Patients Visiting REU Clinics.
Authors: Alabdali Jarrah , Alsadani Mohammad , Almutlaq Mohammed , Thafrah Saud Bin , Alzabin Maher , Sheker Mohammed , Qamar Zeeshan
Published: May 2023

Purpose: There are various factors associated with the incidence of dry socket, which includes operator experience, perioperative crown, and root fractures, periodontal disease, posterior teeth, and, interestingly, the use of mental health medications to be significant independent risk factors for the development of alveolar osteitis. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with dry socket and to compare the prevalence of dry socket on the basis of gender, smoking habit, systemic condition, extraction site and use of antibiotics.   

Methodology: This is a retrospective study using the patients’ files at Muneseya campus, Riyadh Elm University. A total of 385 patient files were accessed after seeking approval from the hospital director. Information from patients’ files was recorded including gender, operator’s level, habits, medical history and extraction site.

Results: According to the findings, the percentage of male participants was 70.9%, whereas the percentage of female participants was 29.1%. The findings indicate that 25.3% of the population suffers from systemic illness, whereas the remaining 74.7% does not have any systematic disease. Dry sockets, which are caused by inflammation of the alveolus bone, are present in upper teeth 40% of the time, whereas lower teeth inflammation affects 60% of individuals with lower teeth.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: In this study significant differences were observed for dry socket prevalence when compared the groups on the basis of smoking, systemic disease and gender.
Awareness on Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics among Dental Students in Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alturkmani Nagham , Alfares Noor , Albarqi Shahad , Alshalan Razan , Aldakheel Nouf , Alshunaifi Lamia , Ansari Shahzeb
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Dentists learn the fundamentals of fixed prosthodontics in dental school and many forms of continuous education.  However, there is more to fixed prostheses than the fundamentals, such as the technical aspects, laboratory skills, and keeping up with the current developments of dental materials. This study aims to create awareness on fundamentals of fixed prosthodontics among dental students and dental intern in Riyadh Elm University.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done amongst the dental students and dental intern in Riyadh Elm University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2022. A total of 380 dental students and dental intern were selected randomly. A survey was conducted through online questionnaire composed of 15 multiple-choice questions. Data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS Statistical Software Package (version 25). All statistical analyses were carried out at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results were analyzed and compared using the Chi-square test and frequency test. 

Results: This cross‑sectional study showed that most of participants 231 (60.8%) fabricated study models routinely before starting treatment. 244 (64.2%) of participants always used radiographs for abutment tooth evaluation. 276 (72.6%) of participants always used High speed hand piece and 36 198 (52.1%) use Diamond bur during preparation.  Also in our study 253 (66.6%) of the participants were using Putty and wash techniques 134 (35.3%) of dental student and dental intern use Condensation cured silicon material for the final impression. A total of 239 (62.9%) of them always used retraction cord before making final impression. In present study the majority of respondents, 133 (35%) always used Silicon and wax material for bite registration. 146 (38.4%) preferred to use only Written prescriptions and 125 (32.9%) used Both written prescriptions and verbal communications. In the end, 224 (58.9%) of respondents disinfect the final impression chemically before pouring it and sending it to lab. 

Conclusion: The Dental student and dental intern of Riyadh Elm University displayed an acceptable level of knowledge and a level of awareness of fixed prosthodontics practicing. However, to further enhance the proficiency, efforts should be made to encourage the practitioners to be aware of the advances in fixed prosthodontics practice through state-of-the-art continuous education programmers.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study's findings could contribute to the theoretical understanding of fixed prosthodontic practices and the knowledge required of dental students and interns. By demonstrating that these students possess an acceptable level of knowledge, the study could support existing theories about dental education and the effectiveness of current curricula.
A quantum algorithm for computing multiplicative order of integers modulo a prime
Authors: Valluri Maheswara Rao
Published: May 2023

One of the challenging problems in number theory is to compute efficiently multiplicative order of integers modulo a prime. This problem was listed under open problems in the number theoretic complexity II proposed by Leonard M. Adleman and Kevin S.McCurley in 1994. This paper offers a polynomial-time quantum algorithm for computing the order k = min {x|x∈, ax ≡ 1(modp)}, if p∈ Primes and gcd(a,p) = 1, where a, p∈, and it requires 2 (1) 2 ((log p) +O )  quantum operations.
Knowledge and perception of burn injury among rural community people : A cross sectional study
Authors: Vasava Nilima , Sodha Palak , Nabanita Samnata , Rathva Bhavini
Published: May 2023

Burn injuries are one of the most underrated injuries with high morbidity and fatality rates. Burn injuries, particularly severe burns, cause an immune and inflammatory response, as well as metabolic anomalies and distributive shock, They can all be challenging to control and result in multiple organ failure. It is crucial to understand that burn injuries affect people’s standard of living and mental health in addition to their general wellbeing. [1] A 100-person rural community study was done using a quantitative, descriptive research design. A non-probability convenient sampling strategy was used to select 100 persons from a remote community. Age, gender, educational status, employment status, income, marital status, domicile, family type, and other demographic characteristics were obtained using a Demographic variables sheet. After expert content validation, the data was collected using a knowledge questionnaire and a perception scale on burn injury management. The results of descriptive statistics were used to analyse and interpret the data. The majority of participants had bad knowledge, 30% had average knowledge, and only 7% had strong knowledge about burn injury management, while 89 percent of participants had average perception and only 11 percent had good perception about burn injury management, according to the results. The age of community members was found to have a statistically significant relationship at the 0.05 level with knowledge regarding management of burn injury (Jeschke MG, 2020).[2]
Risk factor analysis of COVID-19 with CART model
Authors: Deneshkumar V. , Jebitha R. , Jithu G.
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 pandemic is presenting a great need for understanding the symptoms of people affected by the disease. The main objective of this work is implementation of CART methodology to determine the symptoms associated with COVID-19 disease. The decision tree demonstrates the classification route for detecting significant risk factors of COVID-19. The findings in this work will be helpful for medical decision makers and public health to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Analyzing the components of Covid-19 impacting economy: A developing country perspective
Authors: Baral Manish Mohan , Mukherjee Subhodeep , Chittipaka Venkataiah , Pal Surya Kant , Jana Bhaswati , Kumar Anuj , Shukla Vipin
Published: May 2023

In the current COVID-19 circumstances, most nations are in crisis and are also building strategies to overcome lockdown losses. Also, it is known that more challenging situations in the economy are coming due to COVID-19. The current research identified factors that will help control the ongoing economic crisis. Also, the research was conducted using the survey method, and the respondents were from various sectors like automobile, IT, construction, textile and hospitality. The current study has used a structural equation modeling approach to validate the model and check the unique contribution hypothesis. Also, this research contributes significantly to the literature review, which will also help in future research.
O. N. Pruitt's Possum Town
Authors: Hudson Berkley , Rankin Tom
Published: May 2023

Photographer O. N. Pruitt (1891–1967) was for some forty years the de facto documentarian of Lowndes County, Mississippi, and its county seat, Columbus--known to locals as “Possum Town.” His body of work recalls many FSA photographers, but Pruitt was not an outsider with an agenda; he was a community member with intimate knowledge of the town and its residents. He photographed his fellow white citizens and Black ones as well, in circumstances ranging from the mundane to the horrific: family picnics, parades, river baptisms, carnivals, fires, funerals, two of Mississippi’s last public and legal executions by hanging, and a lynching. From formal portraits to candid images of events in the moment, Pruitt’s documentary of a specific yet representative southern town offers viewers today an invitation to meditate on the interrelations of photography, community, race, and historical memory.
Columbus native Berkley Hudson was photographed by Pruitt, and for more than three decades he has considered and curated Pruitt’s expansive archive, both as a scholar of media and visual journalism and as a community member. This stunning book presents Pruitt’s photography as never before, combining more than 190 images with a biographical introduction and Hudson’s short essays and reflective captions on subjects such as religion, ethnic identity, the ordinary graces of everyday life, and the exercise of brutal power.
Gettysburg 1963
Authors: Titus Jill Ogline
Published: May 2023

The year 1963 was unforgettable for Americans. In the midst of intense Cold War turmoil and the escalating struggle for Black freedom, the United States also engaged in a nationwide commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the Civil War. Commemorative events centered on Gettysburg, site of the best-known, bloodiest, and most symbolically charged battle of the conflict. Inevitably, the centennial of Lincoln’s iconic Gettysburg Address received special focus, pressed into service to help the nation understand its present and define its future--a future that would ironically include another tragic event days later with the assassination of another American president.In this fascinating work, Jill Ogline Titus uses centennial events in Gettysburg to examine the history of political, social, and community change in 1960s America. Examining the experiences of political leaders, civil rights activists, preservation-minded Civil War enthusiasts, and local residents, Titus shows how the era’s deep divisions thrust Gettysburg into the national spotlight and ensured that white and Black Americans would define the meaning of the battle, the address, and the war in dramatically different ways.
Grain and Fire
Authors: Sharpless Rebecca
Published: May 2023

While a luscious layer cake may exemplify the towering glory of southern baking, like everything about the American South, baking is far more complicated than it seems. Rebecca Sharpless here weaves a brilliant chronicle, vast in perspective and entertaining in detail, revealing how three global food traditions-Indigenous American, European, and African-collided with and merged in the economies, cultures, and foodways of the South to create what we know as the southern baking tradition. Recognizing that sentiments around southern baking run deep, Sharpless takes delight in deflating stereotypes as she delves into the surprising realities underlying the creation and consumption of baked goods. People who controlled the food supply in the South used baking to reinforce their power and make social distinctions. Who used white cornmeal and who used yellow, who put sugar in their cornbread and who did not had traditional meanings for southerners, as did the proportions of flour, fat, and liquid in biscuits. By the twentieth century, however, the popularity of convenience foods and mixes exploded in the region, as it did nationwide. Still, while some regional distinctions have waned, baking in the South continues to be a remarkable, and remarkably tasty, source of identity and entrepreneurship.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN FISIK RUMAH, RIWAYAT KONTAK DAN STATUS GIZI TERHADAP KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS ANAK DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Bunga Eryc , Umbul W Chatarina , Basuki Hari
Published: May 2023

Provinsi NTT menempati urutan ke 8 di Indonesia, wilayah Kota Kupang adalah wilayah yang ternotifikasi sebagai wilayah dengan jumlah kasus tertinggi diantara kabupaten lainnya dengan cakupan penemuan proporsi pasien sebesar 5%.Desain penelitian menggunakan case control. Populasi kasus adalah penderita tuberkulosis anak yang tercatat di Poli DOTS dan populasi kontrol adalah anak non tuberkulosis yang mempunyai salah satu kriteria gejala batuk ≥3 minggu atau demam tanpa sebab yang jelas yang tercatat di Poli Anak RSUD WZ YOHANES Kota Kupang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan lingkungan fisik rumah: suhu kamar (OR 2,6 CI95% (1,08-6,27), kelembaban kamar (OR 5,8 CI95% (2,3-14,6), ventilasi kamar (OR 2,83 CI95% (1,12-7,12), pencahayaan kamar (OR 2,52 CI95% (1,07-5,97), jenis dinding kamar (OR 3,4 CI95% (1,42-8,18), kepadatan hunian kamar (OR 5,4 CI95% (2,13-13,69), riwayat kontak anak (OR 20,8 CI95% (6,63-65,2) serta status gizi (OR 2,8 CI95% (1,18-6,73) mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis anak. Lingkungan fisik rumah (suhu kamar, kelembaban kamar, ventilasi kamar, pencahayaan kamar, jenis dinding kamar serta kepadatan hunian kamar), riwayat kontak anak serta status gizi dengan penderita BTA+ merupakan faktor risiko kejadian tuberkulosis anak di Kota Kupang. Pemerintah diharapkan memfasilitasi dan memberdayakan masyarakat setempat sebagai wadah dalam kegiatan gotong royong guna menciptakan lingkungan fisik rumah yang lebih sehat.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DURASI PENGGUNAAN GAWAI, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN POLA MAKAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA DI SMPK ST. IGNATIUS LOYOLA
Authors: Ganis Hendrika Yuniartin , Nur Marselinus Laga , Riwu Rut Rosina
Published: May 2023

Remaja merupakan kelompok rawan gizi yang rentan memiliki masalah  gizi seperti gizi kurang      maupun gizi lebih. Perubahan status gizi pada remaja dipengaruhi oleh durasi penggunaan gawai,aktivitas fisik dan pola makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gawai, aktivitas fisik dan pola makan dengan status gizi remaja di SMPK St. Ignatius Loyola. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Besar sampel adalah 60 orang yang terdiri dari kelas VII dan VIII. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode stratified random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang sudah divalidasi, kuisioner IPAQ, dan kuisioner SQ-FFQ.  Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis dengan uji chi- square dan fisher-exact. Hasil penelitian menujukkan dari 60 responden, durasi penggunaan gawai paling banyak tergolong tinggi (57%), aktivitas fisik paling banyak tergolong rendah (45%), sebagian besar pola makan sesuai anjuran (75%), serta status gizi hampir semua normal (86%). Hasil analisis chi-square menyatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gawai dengan status gizi (p-value=0,324), aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi (p-value=0,212) dan pola makan dengan status gizi (p-value=0,125) pada remaja di SMPK St. Ignatius Loyola.
GAMBARAN PENERAPAN 1000 HPK PADA PENDERITA STUNTING DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SASI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Nenabu Adi Susanti , Radja Riwu Yuliana , Tedju Hinga Indriati A
Published: May 2023

Stunting merupakan suatu keadaan malnutrisi yang berhubungan dengan ketidakcukupan  zat  gizi masa lalu. 1000 HPK adalah  periode seribu hari mulai sejak terjadinya kehamilan hingga anak usia 2 tahun. Pemenuhan asupan gizi pada 1000 HPK sangat penting karena status gizi pada 1000 HPK berpengaruh terhadap  kualitas kesehatan, intelektual, dan produktivitas di masa mendatang. Balita yang tidak tercukupi asupan gizi selama periode 1000 HPK berisiko terjadi stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penerapan 1000 HPK pada penderita stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sasi Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian yang  digunakan  adalah  penelitian Deskriptif. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 80 orang yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Responden dalam penelitian adalah ibu yang mempunyai balita stunting.Hasil penelitian dari 80 responden menunjukan bahwa dalam penerapan 1000 HPK sebagian besar responden tidak patuh mengkonsumsi tablet Fe (78.75%), tidak melakukan IMD (70.0%), tidak memberikan ASI Eksklusif (56.25%), tidak memberikan MPASI tepat waktu (56.25%), tidak aktif kegiatan posyandu (11.2%), tidak imunisasi dasar lengkap (2.5%), tidak memiliki JKN (82.5%),  dan sanitasi lingkungan rumah buruk (12.5%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian  tersebut  maka diketahui penerapan 1000 HPK di Puskesmas Sasi belum berjalan  secara  optimal  akibatnya banyak balita mengalami stunting.
KETERPAPARAN ORANG TUA MURID DALAM PROSES TRANSFORMASI INFORMASI TENTANG PENTINGNYA SARAPAN SEHAT BAGI ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN SEMAU KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Intje Picauly  , Grouse Oematan  , Amelya B Sir
Published: May 2023

Sarapan merupakan salah satu cara untuk memberikan energi yang dibutuhkan oleh anak sekolah agar bisa beraktivitas seharian. Namun, kenyataannya masih banyak anak sekolah yang belum berperilaku sarapan sehat yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan 30% energi. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah rendahnya pengetahuan dan praktik ibu dalam menyiapkan sarapan sehat bagi anak. Salah satu isi pesan dari 13 Pesan Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS) dan Keluarga Sadar Gizi Kadarzi) adalah biasakan sarapan pagi. Namun, masih banyak penduduk Indonesia yang tidak sarapan. Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2010 menyatakan bahwa 26,1% anak sekolah dasar (SD) hanya sarapan dengan air minum dan 44,6% anak SD yang sarapan hanya memperoleh asupan energi kurang dari 15% kebutuhannya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada orang tua murid tentang pentingnya pemberian sarapan pagi yang sehat (beragam, bergizi, seimbang, dan aman dari cemaran mikroba).  Diharapkan agar dari kegiatan ini, orang tua mengetahui manfaat sarapan pagi dan dapat menyiapkan sarapan yang sehat dan bergizi. Metode pelaksanaan kagiatan ini adalah “Pendidikan Masyarakat” berbentuk penyuluhan yang bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman dalam bidang kesehatan dan lingkup terkait didalamnya sehingga menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya memelihara kesehatan dan hidup sehat. Tempat pelaksanaannya adalah Sekolah Dasar kelas 1-3 SD Inpres Hansisi, Kecamatan Semau, Kabupaten Kupang. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah persentase perubahan pengetahuan dari orang tua murid tentang pentingnya pemberian sarapan sehat dan bergizi. Sebagai langkah nyata keberlangsungan ke tahap perubahan tindakan orang tua maka pihak sekolah bersama komite sekolah berkomitmen untuk terus mengawal anak sekolah agar setiap kali kesekolah sudah mendapatkan sarapan yang sehat, bergizi dan cukup.
PENTINGNYA SARAPAN SEHAT DALAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI WILAYAH DESA KOLBANO, KECAMATAN AMANUBAN TENGAH. KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: Intje Picauly  , Deviarbi Sakke Tira  , Anna H Talahatu  , Rinawati Sirait
Published: May 2023

Keluarga merupakan komponen penting dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit termasuk pemberian sarapan yang sehat dan bergizi, juga merupakan tempat pertama kali kehidupan sosial dan pendidikan didapatkan oleh anak. Mengingat betapa pentingnya peran sarapan sehat dan bergizi dalam mewujudkan generasi baru yang sehat dan berprestasi, maka anak perlu dibekali dengan pengetahuan tentang sarapan sehat dan bergizi.  Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian ini perlu dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada anak murid tentang pentingnya pemberian sarapan pagi yang sehat (beragam, bergizi, seimbang, dan aman dari cemaran mikroba).  Metode pelaksanaan kagiatan ini adalah “Pendidikan Masyarakat” berbentuk penyuluhan yang bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman siswa-siswi dalam bidang kesehatan. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 4-6 Agustus 2018 di SD INPRES NEOSOPU Desa Kolbano, Kecamatan Amanuban Tengah, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Populasinya seluruh siswa sedangkan yang menjadi sasaran pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian adalah siswa kelas satu (1) sampai kelas tiga (3) sebanyak 65 orang anak murid. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini diawali dengan melakukan survei lokasi dan analsisi masalah. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahapan pengumpulan data rancangan Observasi dan Crosscectional Study. Selanjutnya dilakukan penyuluhan yang disertai dengan bentuk evaluasi pre dan post test untuk mengukur perubahan sikap masyarakat tentang materi penyuluhan yaitu pentingnya sarapan sehat, dan bergizi seimbang demi meningkatkan prestasi anak sekolah. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah persentase perubahan pengetahuan dari anak murid tentang pentingnya pemberian sarapan sehat dan bergizi. Sebagai langkah nyata keberlangsungan ke tahap perubahan tindakan mereka maka pihak sekolah bersama komite sekolah berkomitmen untuk terus mengawal anak-anak sekolah agar setiap kali kesekolah sudah mendapatkan sarapan yang sehat, bergizi dan cukup.
PENTINGYA PERAN TOKOH AGAMA DALAM MENCEGAH STUNTING PADA ANAK di KECAMATAN KUPANG BARAT KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Marni  , Picauly Intje
Published: May 2023

Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang cukup serius di Indonesia, terutama di wilayah-wilayah pedesaan dan terpencil di Kabupaten Kupang. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, angka prevalensi stunting mencapai 40,6% pada tahun 2018. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan dan penanganan stunting di wilayah tersebut. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Tokoh agama diharapkan dapat berperan aktif dalam mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya mencegah stunting pada anak. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 1 hari dengan materi utama tentang masalah stunting pada anak. Pelatihan dihadiri oleh 15 tokoh agama dari berbagai agama yang ada di Kecamatan Kupang Barat. Pelatihan dilaksanakan secara tatap muka dengan memperhatikan protokol kesehatan yang telah ditetapkan.
Pelatihan berhasil memberikan pemahaman yang cukup mendalam mengenai stunting pada anak kepada para peserta. Selain itu, para peserta juga memahami perbedaan antara anak stunting dan kerdil, penyebab stunting, dampak stunting pada anak, serta cara-cara mencegah stunting pada anak. Dalam pelatihan ini juga dihadirkan praktisi kesehatan sebagai narasumber yang memberikan wawasan mengenai stunting dan cara mencegahnya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan ini berhasil memberikan dampak positif pada para peserta, terlihat dari peningkatan pemahaman mereka tentang stunting pada anak. Kegiatan pelatihan tokoh agama tentang stunting pada anak di Kupang Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, berhasil memberikan pemahaman yang cukup mendalam kepada para peserta mengenai stunting pada anak, perbedaannya dengan anak kerdil, penyebab, dampak, dan cara-cara mencegahnya. Pelatihan ini juga berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran para tokoh agama dalam memainkan peran mereka dalam mencegah stunting pada anak di masyarakat.
PENGUATAN ASPEK SOSIO BUDAYA PANGAN GIZI DAN KESEHATAN DALAM RANGKA PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING DI DESA SUMLILI KECAMATAN KUPANG BARAT KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Pellokila Marthen Robinson , Oematan Grouse , Laga Nur Marselinus
Published: May 2023

Aspek sosial dan budaya dari suatu masyarakat terbentuk dari suatu hasil perpaduan berbagai interaksi perilaku masyarakat setempat dengan lingkungan di mana masyarakat itu berada yang telah berlangsung turun temurun.  Aspek sosial dan budaya masyarakat ini menentukan apa yang dimakan oleh masyarakat di suatu tempat. Penentuan pola konsumsi pangan masyarakat di suatu tempat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai factor yang kompleks. Faktor-gaktor itu seperti:  tradisi makan yang merupakan warisan turun temurun, produksi pertanian setempat, pengetahuan akan kandungan gizi dari jenis-jenis makanan yang ada dalam pola konsumsi pangan, pendapatan dan kecenderungan-kecenderungan baru dalam pola konsumsi pangan yang terus berkembang dalam masyarakat. Penentuan pola konsumsi pangan ini bersifat dinamis yang berubah seiring dengan perjalanan waktu. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk melakukan penguatan aspek sosio budaya pangan gizi dan kesehatan ibu balita dalam rangka percepatan penurunan stunting di Desa Sumlili, Kecamatan Kupang Barat, Kabupaten. Kupang. Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode “Pendidikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat”.  Peserta penyuluhan adalah semua ibu balita sebanyak 30 orang pada tanggal 20 Nopember 2022 di Desa Sumlili, Kecamatan Kupang Barat Kabupaten Kupang.  Kegiatan penyuluhan ini menemukan hasil bahwa dari 30 ibu balita terdapat 87% belum terkait peranan aspek sosio budaya terhadap pangan, gizi dan kesehatan ibu dan balita. Setelah dikonfirmasi, diketahui bahwa ibu balita tersebut selama ini hanya menyiapkan menu makanan dan pengolahan makanan tersebut sesuai kebiasaan makan mereka secara turun-temurun. Setelah melakukan penyuluhan ditemukan bahwa semua ibu balita dapat memahami tentang peranan factor sosio budaya pangan dan gizi serta Kesehatan ibu dan anak serta mempunyai peningkatan ketrampilan dalam memilih jenis pangan, menentukan menu dan menilai status gizi.
Hybrid LES/RANS simulations of a 90° pipe bend using different CFD solvers
Authors: Ekat Ann-Kathrin , Weissenbrunner Andreas , Straka Martin , Eichler Thomas , Oberleithner Kilian
Published: May 2023

In this study, the performance of several RANS and hybrid LES/RANS turbulence models along with different CFD solvers (ANSYS Fluent, OpenFOAM and RapidCFD) is tested in terms of their ability to reproduce the flow downstream of a 90° pipe bend. The focus is on the temporal mean profiles downstream of the bend up to approximately 31 times the pipe's diameter D. The turbulence models' accuracy is evaluated by means of performance indicators and flow profiles in comparison to LDA measurements. The results demonstrate that the use of RANS models is suitable as long as the location of interest is in the vicinity of the bend up to approximately 10 D downstream of the bend. With increasing distance, the accuracy of the RANS models decreases, and the use of hybrid LES/RANS models is recommended.Three hybrid LES/RANS models are tested: the stress-blended eddy simulation (SBES) model as well as the Spalart-Allmaras-based and the k-omega SST-based improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) models. All three models show enhanced results for a distance to the bend >10 D. Additionally, it is found that in this geometry configuration, the IDDES models require a transient inlet. The flow separation due to the redirection inside the bend is too weak to generate turbulent fluctuations and a fast transition to full LES mode in the separation region. Due to the turbulent excitation at the inlet, the RANS region downstream of the bend is distinctly reduced, resulting in an enhanced performance of the hybrid IDDES models.
UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS’ APPROACHES TO LEARNING ANATOMY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Muzaffar Tayyaba , Muhammad Suhail  , Amjad Saba , Irshad Faiza , Maqsood Sadia , Ul Hasnain Musarrat
Published: May 2023

Approaches to learning are the thinking process used for getting, arranging, and recalling the information more effectively. Sound knowledge of Anatomy is mandatory for practicing safely and efficiently in almost all clinical specialties. Aim of this study was to explore the learning approaches proved to be most popular among the undergraduate medical students for the subject of Anatomy in our institution.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Anatomy Department, Shaikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Medical College, Lahore. 100 students from first year & 98 students from second year MBBS were included. Participation was purely on voluntary basis. Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) was used to categorize students’ learning approaches towards anatomy as surface, deep or strategic. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Shapiro Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data. Data was normally distributed. Scoring for three learning approaches was described by using mean ± SD. P- Value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS: Overall, 116 (58.9%) students practiced deep approach, 53 (26.9%) students practiced strategic approach and only 28 (14.2%) showed surface approach. No significant difference was found in practicing different learning approaches between first-year and second-year students.Deep learning approach towards anatomy was the most frequently adopted approach by both male as well as female students.

Conclusion:

Majority of the students showed predominant deep approach towards learning Anatomy, followed by the students having predominant strategic learning approach. There is still room for improvement in the quest to foster deep learning among students by the development of competent & skillful faculty and improving our assessment tools aligned with the learning outcomes.
EFFICACY OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Muhammad Khalid  , Tanveer Haider  , Asim Islam
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND : Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome. The etiology can be hereditary, repetitive movements of the wrist in mechanical workers, injury to the wrist, pregnancy, obesity, metabolic disorders, auto immune conditions such as diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and in elderly population. Females are affected more than males. A lot of treatment options are available for carpal tunnel syndrome. Corticosteroid injections are very effective in mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome on short and in some cases on long term basis.

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the efficacy and clinical outcomes of ultrasound guided corticosteroid injection for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.

STUDY SETTING: Department of Orthopedic surgery Services Hospital Lahore .

STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study.

STUDY DURATION: From December 2018 to December 2019                           

METHODOLOGY: This prospective cross sectional study was carried out from Dec 2018 – Dec 2019 on OPD basis. A total number of 80 patients were included in the study. There were 40 males and 40 females in our study. Each patient was injected triamcinolone 40 mg with 2 % xylocaine. After the injection every patient was followed at 6 weeks, 3 months and at 6 months.

At each follow up these patients were assessed by Phalen test, Tinel sign, Boston carpal tunnel syndrome severity score, functional assessment scale, electrophysiological studies and nerve conduction study.

 RESULTS :   Our study included 80 patients with 40 males and 40 females. 40 female patients were housewives, 25 male patients were manual workers and remaining 15 patients were computer operator. 30 patients had mild symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, 35 had moderate while the remaining 15 patients had severe symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. All these patients were having symptoms for the last 6 – 12 weeks which did not improve with the conservative management. These patients were having symptoms of numbness and tingling at the initial presentation. Phalen test was positive in 95 % (76 patients) patients while Tinel test was positive in 80 % patients ( 64 patients ) at the initial presentation .  

Boston’s severity symptom score was 35.34 +/- 3.59 and functional status scale was 25.43 + 5.82 (At the initial presentation) in all patients. Following corticosteroid injection at 06 weeks the symptoms severity score was 21+/-3.32 ( mean ) and at 03 months 18.80 + 3.41 ( mean ) in 72 patients while 8 patients did not respond to corticosteroid injection while the functional status scale 17.62 +- 5.01 and 13.45 +- 4.2 at 03 months .

Electrophysiological study was also improved after 06 weeks and after 03 months

CONCLUSION :   Corticosteroid injections are very effective regarding the outcomes on short term basis . However , they are effective in small number of patients on long term basis
Penggunaan Alat Permainan Edukatif Play Dough Untuk Merangsang Kecerdasan Logis-Matematis Anak Usia Dini di Kelompok Bermain ROVILA Kota Ambon
Authors: Halamury Mercy Florence
Published: May 2023

Kecerdasan Logis matematis perlu ditanamkan sejak anak usia dini. Keterlambatan perkembangan awal kecerdasan dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan anak di masa depan, sehingga diperlukan rangsangan melalui alat permainan edukatif dalam rangka menstimulasi perkembangan matematika anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat ketercapaian pembelajaran bagi anak usia dini dengan menggunakan Alat permainan edukatif Playdough untuk merangsang kecerdasan matematika anak kelompok bermain usia 4-5 tahun pada Kelompok Bermain Rovilia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif evaluatif terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran bagi anak usia dini pada Kelompok Bermain Rovilia. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Playdough yang dipergunakan sebagai alat permainan edukatif dalam pembelajaran di Kelompok bermain Rovilia adalah 1) melalui bermain bebas dengan playdough anak dapat mengenal dan membentuk lambang bilangan. 2) melalui bermain bebas dengan playdough anak dapat menghubungkan konsep -konsep logis yang secara langsung dapat dituturkan.Â Kata Kunci;Â  Alat Permainan edukatif, Kecerdasan Logis Matematis,Â  Anak UsiaÂ  Dini
LINHA HISTÓRICA DA TUBERCULOSE E O AVANÇO DE SEU TRATAMENTO ATÉ OS DIAS ATUAIS
Authors: Silva Simone de Araújo , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães
Published: May 2023

A Tuberculose (TB) Peste branca ou como é popularmente conhecida, a tuberculose surgiu no continente africano há pelo menos 70.000 anos, acompanhou humanos na evolução e processo de expansão pelo planeta, mesmo hoje em dia considerada uma ameaça para à saúde. A TB é uma doença infecciosa crônica granulomatosa causada por bactérias do grupo das microbactérias. Embora afete outros órgãos e / ou sistemas, é uma doença infecciosa e contagiosa que atinge principalmente os pulmões. As formas extrapulmonares que afetam outros órgãos além dos pulmões são mais comuns entre as pessoas com HIV, especialmente aquelas com sistema imunológico enfraquecido. No Brasil, a doença é um grave problema de saúde pública com profundas raízes sociais. A epidemia de HIV e a existência de bacilos resistentes a medicamentos complicaram a situação. Todos os anos, são notificados cerca de 70.000 novos casos e cerca de 4.500 mortes por tuberculose.