bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of hearing protection devices on spatial awareness in complex listening environments
Authors: Snapp Hillary A. , Millet Barbara , Schaefer-Solle Natasha , Rajguru Suhrud M. , Ausili Sebastian A.
Published: January 2023

Hearing protection devices (HPDs) remain the first line of defense against hazardous noise exposure and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Despite the increased awareness of NIHL as a major occupational health hazard, implementation of effective hearing protection interventions remains challenging in at-risk occupational groups including those in public safety that provide fire, emergency medical, or law enforcement services. A reduction of situational awareness has been reported as a primary barrier to including HPDs as routine personal protective equipment. This study examined the effects of hearing protection and simulated NIHL on spatial awareness in ten normal hearing subjects. In a sound-attenuating booth and using a head-orientation tracker, speech intelligibility and localization accuracy were collected from these subjects under multiple listening conditions. Results demonstrate that the use of HPDs disrupts spatial hearing as expected, specifically localization performance and monitoring of speech signals. There was a significant interaction between hemifield and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), with speech intelligibility significantly affected when signals were presented from behind at reduced SNR. Results also suggest greater spatial hearing disruption using over-the-ear HPDs when compared to the removal of high frequency cues typically associated with NIHL through low-pass filtering. These results are consistent with reduced situational awareness as a self-reported barrier to routine HPD use, and was evidenced in our study by decreased ability to make accurate decisions about source location in a controlled dual-task localization experiment.
Signature selection forces and evolutionary divergence of immune-survival genes compared between two important shrimp species
Authors: Soo Tze Chiew Christie , Bhassu Subha
Published: January 2023

In recent years, shrimp aquaculture industry had grown significantly to become the major source of global shrimp production. Despite that, shrimp aquaculture production was impeded by various shrimp diseases over the past decades. Interestingly, different shrimp species demonstrated variable levels of immune strength and survival (immune-survival) ability towards different diseases, especially the much stronger immune-survival ability shown by the ancient shrimp species,Macrobrachium rosenbergiicompared to other shrimp species. In this study, two important shrimp species,M.rosenbergiiandPenaeus monodon(disease tolerant strain) (uninfected control andVpAHPND-infected) were compared to uncover the potential underlying genetic factors. The shrimp species were sampled, followed by RNA extraction and cDNA conversion. Five important immune-survival genes (C-type Lectin, HMGB, STAT, ALF3, and ATPase 8/6) were selected for PCR, sequencing, and subsequent genetics analysis. The overall genetic analyses conducted, including Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) and population differentiation, showed significant genetic differentiation (p<0.05) between different genes ofM.rosenbergiiandP.monodon. There was greater genetic divergence identified between HMGB subgroups ofP.monodon(uninfected control andVpAHPND-infected) compared to other genes. Besides that, based on neutrality tests conducted, purifying selection was determined to be the main evolutionary driving force ofM.rosenbergiiandP.monodonwith stronger purifying selection exhibited inM.rosenbergiigenes. Potential balancing selection was identified forVpAHPND-infected HMGB subgroup whereas directional selection was detected for HMGB (both species) and ATPase 8/6 (onlyP.monodon) genes. The divergence times betweenM.rosenbergiiandP.monodongenes were estimated through Bayesian molecular clock analysis, which were 438.6 mya (C-type Lectin), 1885.4 mya (HMGB), 432.6 mya (STAT), 448.1 mya (ALF3), and 426.4 mya (ATPase 8/6) respectively. In conclusion, important selection forces and evolutionary divergence information of immune-survival genes betweenM.rosenbergiiandP.monodonwere successfully identified.
Breaking cover: Plus-size transgressive dress on YouTube
Authors: McCracken Arienne , Damhorst Mary Lynn , Sanders Eulanda A.
Published: January 2023

Non-stigmatizing depictions of plus-size lovers of fashion are not easily found in traditional mass media, but in social media, fat fashion enthusiasts can readily be found. The purpose of this study was to investigate the little-studied phenomenon of plus-size YouTube content creators who make videos about fat fashion. To that end, thirteen individuals who wear plus-size women’s apparel took part in semi-structured interviews. A major theme found in the data analysis was transgression. Interview participants were staunch advocates of breaking discriminatory, unspoken societal rules that constrained them, especially in relation to dress. Three subthemes were found in relation to transgression: visibility, representation and agency. Embracing visibility, as seen in interviewees’ performance of fatness in public and in social media, may help to portray fatness as a human characteristic that is just as ‘normal’ as thinness. Serving as a positive role model to others was also embraced by participants, who hoped to assist their viewers in dealing with the consequences of living in the fatphobic US culture. The interviewees demonstrated and promoted agency through fashion, in marked contrast to their past experiences of being powerless and disparaged because of their size. Through celebration of mainstream, conforming fashion, the fat fashion vloggers are transgressive by joyfully wearing styles which previously were discouraged or often unavailable for plus-size consumers.
El cuerpo, la traición y el asco: Estrategias cinematográficas en La flaca Alejandra, vidas y muertes de una mujer chilena de Carmen Castillo (1994)
Authors: Vidal Yosa
Published: January 2023

This article analyses the cinematographic strategies in Carmen Castillo’s documentary La flaca Alejandra, vida y muertes de una mujer chilena (‘Skinny Alejandra, life and death of a Chilean woman’) (1994) that represent the experience of betrayal, including forked narration and temporal simultaneity through spectral figures. The reading proposes that the documentary, while erasing binaries and attempting an ‘ethical neutrality’, subjects the brutal particularities of torture and sexual violence to moral judgements that perpetuate a dualistic vision of the hero and the traitor.
Dama contra peón: la genialidad femenina en Gambito de dama
Authors: Menéndez-Menéndez María-Isabel , Fernández-Morales Marta
Published: January 2023

La miniserie Gambito de dama, protagonizada por una ajedrecista huérfana, con problemas emocionales y dependencia de los fármacos y el alcohol, fue la ficción más vista en la historia de la plataforma Netflix en 2020. En este artículo se realiza un análisis feminista de ella mediante un enfoque interpretativo y una metodología cualitativa, con el objetivo de dilucidar hasta qué punto la serie rompe con el paradigma mainstream de representación femenina, caracterizado por la estereotipia sexista, el énfasis en el cuerpo y la belleza o la instrumentalización de la violencia sexual. El estudio revelará que esta ficción brinda una heroína imperfecta, que rompe estereotipos de género, aunque no exenta de algunos problemas, como la descripción de la genialidad, a caballo entre el patrón masculino y el extravío mental estereotípicamente femenino.
Serie transmedia Go!azen. Educación en valores y tratamiento de la diversidad desde una perspectiva educomunicativa
Authors: Junguitu-Angulo Leire , Osuna-Acedo Sara
Published: January 2023

Estudio de la serie transmedia Go!azen analizando, desde una perspectiva educomunicativa, la educación en valores y tratamiento de la diversidad que en ella se dan. Para ello, se realiza un análisis del contenido de Go!azen y de su universo transmedia fundamentado en una investigación  basada en la observación propia  y en el análisis documental. Los instrumentos de investigación son el cuaderno de notas y un registro de observación de elaboración propia a partir del Cuestionario Valores y Televisión: Val-TV (Palacios, Medrano y Cortés, 2005; Medrano, Palacios y Aierbe, 2006). Los resultados del estudio ponen de manifiesto que Go!azen es una serie con un amplio universo transmedia, que hace un adecuado tratamiento de los valores morales y de la diversidad. Este enfoque educativo de Go!azen lo convierte en un recurso educativo adecuado para la intervención en contextos formales
The use of ultrasonographic adrenal dimensions and the adrenal dimension-to-aorta ratio in the diagnosis of benign and malignant adrenal diseases in dogs
Authors: Srisowanna Naparee , Thanaboonnipat Chutimon , Pisamai Sirinun , Komin Kiatpichet , Choisunirachon Nan
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Ultrasound (US) is a useful tool for detecting adrenal abnormalities. However, a definite reference range differentiating normal and diseased adrenal glands in dogs of varying body sizes is still lacking. The organ dimension-to-aorta (Ao) ratio of the dogs is correlated with their body weight (BW). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the adrenal dimensions, including adrenal pole thickness and adrenal length, as well as the adrenal dimension-to-Ao ratio, to differentiate between dogs with normal, benign lesions such as pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) and malignant invasive adrenal tumors. Materials and Methods: The medical records and US images of 39 dogs that were either normal (normal) (n = 15) or affected by PDH (n = 15) or malignant invasive adrenal tumors (tumor) (n = 9) were retrieved in this study. All the dogs had a transabdominal US on the sagittal plane. The adrenal dimensions and luminal Ao diameter at the peak of the systolic phase were recorded. The average adrenal dimensions, including the adrenal dimension-to-Ao ratio, were compared among the groups. Results: Most of the dogs in each group were small-breed dogs with comparable ages, BW, and Ao values. Both adrenal dimensions and the adrenal dimension-to-Ao ratio were significantly lower in the normal group than in the PDH and tumor groups. To differentiate the PDH group from the tumor group, adrenal dimensions of pole thickness and length were more appropriate than the adrenal dimension-to-Ao ratio. Conclusion: Adrenal dimensions and the adrenal dimension-to-Ao ratio can be used to diagnose adrenal diseases. However, in small-breed dogs, adrenal dimensions are suitable for differentiating PDH from tumor groups. Further research is required with a larger sample size and a wider range of canine body sizes.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw dalam Meningkatkan Minat, Motivasi dan Ketuntasan Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika
Authors: Hamzah Mohamad
Published: January 2023

This study aims to increase interest in learning, motivation, and completeness of Class IX-H students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan in mathematics. This research includes classroom action research (Classroom Action Research). The research took place at Kuningan 1 Public Middle School with research subjects in class IX-H odd semester 2019/2020 academic year consisting of 35 students. The results of the classroom action research that has been done can be seen that the interest and motivation of students before and after the class action has increased from 27.27% to 65.91% or an increase of 38.64%. This shows that qualitatively it can be said that providing classroom action in the form of a Jigsaw cooperative learning model can increase students' interest and motivation in learning mathematics.
Causes and course of climate change and its hydrological consequences in the Greater Poland region in 1951-2020
Authors: Marsz Andrzej A. , Sobkowiak Leszek , Styszyńska Anna , Wrzesiński Dariusz
Published: January 2023

The paper presents effects of changes in climatic elements in the Greater Poland region (Poland), their causes and consequences for shaping the water balance of this area, copying with the most severe water deficit in Poland. The study period covers 70 years (1951–2020). The research identified an abrupt and significant change in the climate of Greater Poland, which started between 1987 and 1989, concerning not only air temperature but also a wider spectrum of climatic elements. The change in the state of the climate, which covers the entire Atlantic-Eurasian circulation sector, re-sults from a sudden change in the macro-circulation conditions in the middle troposphere (500 hPa). The reason for the change in the mid-tropospheric circulation is an equally abrupt and simultaneous change in the intensity of the ocean heat transport by the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation (NA THC). Climate change observed in Greater Poland is manifested in an increase in sunshine duration (SD) and air temperature, a decrease in relative humidity, a change in the cloud structure, and an increase in the degree of sky coverage. The main, physical reason for an increase in air tempera-ture is a rapid and strong increase in SD in the warm half-years, which began after 1988, and a significant increase in the frequency of positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phases in winters. The ongoing climate change entails various effects, among which the most important is considered to be hydrological consequences. The water balance of Greater Poland is becoming increasingly unfavourable, mainly as a result of a rapid increase in field evaporation.
Transformation von GRAFCET in GAL auf Basis eines ausführlichen Metamodells zur Verifikation von Entwurfsfehlern
Authors: Schnakenbeck Aron , Mroß Robin , Völker Marcus , Kowalewski Stefan , Fay Alexander
Published: January 2023

GRAFCET is a graphical means for formal specifications in industrial control design. In order to use these formal specifications for model-driven development of control code, it is beneficial to ensure syntactic correctness and verify the model. This paper presents a detailed meta-model for GRAFCET that includes logical and arithmetic expressions in conditions and assignments. The meta-model and additional invariants allow for creation of syntactically correct Grafcets. On this basis, a translation of GRAFCET into Guarded Action Language (GAL) is presented. The resulting transition systems in GAL allow a semantic analysis of GRAFCET by means of model checking. From these GRAFCET specifications, specification-compliant PLC code can be generated automatically.
A concept for providing and utilizing metadata in data analytics applications
Authors: Li Wan , Kleinert Tobias
Published: January 2023

Providing data for data analysis projects is one core task of automation technology, however, it still has to be done with a lot of manual effort. One challenge is to keep the meaning of data remain interpretable within or across multiple software environments so that provider and user of data share a common understanding of the transferred data. It is acknowledged that machine interpretable metadata is one crucial building block for reaching this goal. However, in industrial automation and information systems today, exporting and utilizing data coupled with metadata is still not a common practice. Therefore, we propose a general concept for extracting metadata and utilizing it in data analytics applications, which may help with system design in the future. The concept is prototypically implemented regarding the structural metadata for tabular data.
Semiconductor lasers with integrated metasurfaces for direct output beam modulation, enabled by innovative fabrication methods
Authors: Wen Dandan , Crozier Kenneth B.
Published: January 2023

Semiconductor lasers play critical roles in many different systems, ranging from optical communications to absorption spectroscopy for environmental monitoring. Despite numerous applications, many semiconductor lasers have problems such as significant beam divergence and polarization instability. External optical elements like objective lenses and polarizers are usually needed to address these issues. This Review will discuss how these issues have recently been dealt with by instead integrating metasurfaces into semiconductor lasers. This necessitates the development of innovative fabrication methods; these will also be the topic of this Review. Metasurfaces can be integrated on the emitting facet of a laser. This can help select the lasing mode or can be used just to modify the output beam properties without affecting the modes. They can also be integrated monolithically with lasers through waveguides, or work in an external cavity configuration. These integrated devices provide novel optical functions, such as direct orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generation, wavelength tuning and holographic pattern generation. We hope this Review will help extend the use of metasurface-integrated semiconductor lasers to scientific and industrial systems that employ lasers.
Enhanced electrochromic switching contrast in the blue by 3,4-propylenedioxypyrrole – implementation on structural colors
Authors: Olsson Oliver , Gugole Marika , Dahlin Andreas
Published: January 2023

Recent advances in nanofabrication technologies have enabled new ways to produce structural colors. By combining nanofabrication methods, it is possible to integrate electrochromic materials with the nanostructures, which enable electrical tuning of the colors and thus new types of reflective displays. Previous work has shown high quality colors and high switching contrast in general. However, so far the intensity modulation has always been more limited in the blue. In this work we prepare blue structural colors and synthesize films of an electrochromic polymer (PProDOP) that is optimized for high contrast in this spectral region. A protocol for electropolymerization of PProDOP on gold surfaces is presented. The polymer films are shown to follow Lambert–Beer behavior and can provide up to 75% contrast (difference in transmittivity). On blue nanostructures, the reflectivity can be modulated with a contrast of 50%, which is a considerable improvement in comparison with previous work. The results presented here should be useful for electrochromic or other electro-optical devices operating in the blue spectral region.
Mandarin Chinese peer advice online: a study of gender disparity
Authors: Tang Chihsia
Published: January 2023

In the higher education environment, peer-to-peer evaluation is a common learning activity and is beneficial to students’ development. Nevertheless, peer evaluations often include unsolicited advice, which potentially damages the face of advice-receivers and their interpersonal relationship with advice-givers. In the literature, little is known about how the potentially face-destructive advice messages in the academic discourse are pragmatically constructed by Chinese speakers who generally define advice-giving as a rapport-building behavior. The present study, therefore, investigated how Chinese language users rhetorically manage their unsolicited peer advice in an online learning activity. Also, whether and how the gender of the advice-givers and receivers exert impacts on the advice configurations in the formal institutional setting were examined. The corpus involved 1,118 units of advice speech events elicited from peer evaluations given by 43 Chinese-speaking Taiwanese students. The results revealed that the institutional context where the advice was addressed was critical to the advice-giver’s linguistic implicitness and selections of redressive modifiers. Besides, the gender of both the advice-givers and receivers had significant impacts on the pragmatics of the given advice. While the females often employedconditionalconstructions andreasoningdiscursive moves, the males preferred usingsubjectivizersto redress their advice, especially those addressed to men.
CFD analysis of flow control in compressor cascade using MVGs
Authors: Verma Jai Bhan , Agrawal Mohan , Joshi Ganapati N. , Chandel Sunil , Prakash Ved , Mishra Ranjan K.
Published: January 2023

The present study reports the numerical investigation of the compressor cascade. To minimize the separation phenomenon in the compressor cascade, a passive flow control device i.e. Micro Vortex Generator (MVG) is utilized. MVG is a very simple and lightweight attachment mounted infront of the leading edge of the cascade blade. Due to being passive in nature, it neither consumes power nor requires any external device to actuate. The numerical simulations were carried out on a highly loaded compressor cascade at an angle of incidence of −1° under subsonic conditions at Mach number 0.2. The profile of the compressor cascade blade was double circular arc (DCA), unsymmetrical and cambered at 40°. Two different types of micro vortex generators were mounted infront of the leading edge in the compressor cascade to control the secondary flows since secondary flows were responsible for various losses in cascade. To analyze the flow under incompressoible state of air (M = 0.2), Star CCM + software has been used. To simulate the flow under turbulent condition, k-ω SST turbulence model was used. A velocity profile of 25 mm boundary layer thickness was extracted and used as an input in the compressor cascade. Mounting of MVG on compressor cascade enhanced drag but also increased lift. Total pressure loss coefficient (TPLC) was calculated to compare the losses. The aerodynamic efficiency in terms of coefficient of lift and coefficient of drag has been used to study the effect of MVG over cascade. It is found that there is reduction in total pressure loss coefficient (TPLC) for trapezoidal and curved trapezoidal types of MVGs and the decrease in percentage are 2.17 and 8.86%, respectively. Alos, aerodynamic efficiency is increased by mounting trapezoidal and curved trapezoidal types of MVG and the increase in percentages are 2.03 and 3.10%, respectively.
Numerical study of transition process in different zones of a compressor cascade channel
Authors: Li Xiang , Zheng Qun , Li Hefei , Yan Wei , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2023

The complex vortex structure compressor leads to the problem that the transition model is insufficient in predicting the flow instability of the compressor. In this paper, the rectangular cascade of compressor of different turning-angle conditions is taken as the object, and the transition characteristics on the end wall and the blade surface of the compressor cascade are in comparison by the method of large eddy simulation/LES. The effects of the horseshoe vortex and the separation bubble over the compressor cascade on the transition process are emphatically discussed. By analyzing characteristic parameters of the vortex structure, it is found that the separated transitional flow corresponds to multiple separations-and reattachments of the shedding vortex, and is affected by the cross-flow transition and the separate-transition. Finally, by discussing the instability of the separation line, reattachment line and the cross-flow inflection point of the separated transitional flow, it reveals that the transient disturbance caused by the vortex motion is an important reason affecting the prediction accuracy of the transition model.
Estrogen receptor alpha signaling in dendritic cells modulates autoimmune disease phenotype in mice
Authors: Khaw Yee Ming , Anwar Shehata , Zhou Jinyan , Kawano Tasuku , Lin Po‐Ching , Otero Ashley , Barakat Radwa , Drnevich Jenny , Takahashi Tomoko , Ko CheMyong Jay , Inoue Makoto
Published: January 2023

Estrogen is a disease‐modifying factor in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). However, the mechanisms by which ERα signaling contributes to changes in disease pathogenesis have not been completely elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that ERα deletion in dendritic cells (DCs) of mice induces severe neurodegeneration in the central nervous system in a mouse EAE model and resistance to interferon beta (IFNβ), a first‐line MS treatment. Estrogen synthesized by extragonadal sources is crucial for controlling disease phenotypes. Mechanistically, activated ERα directly interacts with TRAF3, a TLR4 downstream signaling molecule, to degrade TRAF3 via ubiquitination, resulting in reduced IRF3 nuclear translocation and transcription of membrane lymphotoxin (mLT) and IFNβ components. Diminished ERα signaling in DCs generates neurotoxic effector CD4+ T cells via mLT‐lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTβR) signaling. Lymphotoxin beta receptor antagonist abolished EAE disease symptoms in the DC‐specific ERα‐deficient mice. These findings indicate that estrogen derived from extragonadal sources, such as lymph nodes, controls TRAF3‐mediated cytokine production in DCs to modulate the EAE disease phenotype.
The Foreign Trade of Greece and the EU during the Economic Crisis (2008) and the Health Crisis (2020)
Authors: Moskofidis Anastasios , Magoulios Georgios
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the foreign trade of Greece compared to the foreign trade of EU28 during the Economic Crisis (2008) and the Health Crisis (2020). Based on the findings of relevant scientific literature, the quantitative data of external trade (exports, imports, trade balance) are recorded and analyzed methodologically. At the same time, the terms of trade and the degree of extroversion of Greek commerce compared to the corresponding figures of the EU28 during the period of the economic crisis (2008-2018) and the health crisis (2020-2021) are extracted. According to previous scientific literature in times of crisis, the volume of foreign trade at international, regional and national level is also bearing, among other financial figures.The economic crisis (2008) and the implemented harsh restrictive measures due to fiscal contraction resulted, among other consequences, in the reduction of income and internal demand, that the businesses confronted, strengthening their commercial extroversion, while for the same reasons imports decreased, resulting in an improvement in the trade balance, the terms of trade and the degree of commercial extroversion. Accordingly, from the current data, it seems that the exports of both Greece and the EU28 decreased to about the same extent during the period of the Health Crisis (2019-2020). As far as the external trade figures are concerned, it appears that the Greek degree of sensitivity to the effects of crises is greater than that of the EU28. Indeed, it appears that exports are less vulnerable to the effects of crises than imports. This behavior of Greek foreign trade can be explained by the sectoral composition of exports, in which the greatest relevance is attributed to the products with great elasticity of demand in terms of income, by the smaller size of enterprises and hence the limited access to commercial loans and external financing, but also by the lack of competitiveness of exported products in terms of added value, quality and price, compared to those of the EU28 and especially of the most developed countries. Suggestions for further research are to expand the period of the data taking into consideration the period of 2021 and solving dilemma how the new geopolitical crisis of Russia and Ukraine will affect the international trade relations, bonds and transactions.
Inhibition of activin signalling reduces the growth of LβT2 gonadotroph pituitary tumours in mouse
Authors: Ziverec Audrey , Chanal Marie , Raymond Perrine , Ilie Mirela Diana , De Alcubierre Dario , Pasternack Arja , Ritvos Olli , Raverot Gerald , Bertolino Philippe
Published: January 2023

Pituitary tumours are benign neoplasms that derive from hormone-producing cells of the pituitary gland. While medical treatments have emerged for most subtypes, gonadotroph tumours that express follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and/or luteinizing hormone still lack therapeutic options apart from surgery and radiotherapy. Activin ligands are physiological regulators of production and secretion of FSH by gonadotroph cells, but their role in gonadotroph tumourigenesis remains little explored. Using the LβT2 mouse gonadotroph cell line which produces FSH under activin stimulation, we first tested whether subcutaneous xenografts of LβT2 cells resulted in tumour formation in Rag2KO mice. Histological analysis confirmed the presence of LβT2 tumours with endothelial cells and macrophages in their microenvironment. FSH expression was found in a subset of clusters of LβT2 cells in the tumours. We subsequently addressed the consequences of targeting activin signalling via injection of a soluble activin decoy receptor (sActRIIB-Fc). sActRIIB-Fc treatment resulted in significantly decreased LβT2 tumour volume. Reduced Smad2 phosphorylation as well as inhibition of tumour-induced FSH production confirmed the efficient targeting of activin-downstream signalling in treated tumours. More interestingly, treated tumours showed significantly fewer endothelial cells associated with reduced Vegfa expression. In vitro treatment of LβT2 cells with sActRIIB-Fc had no effect on cell proliferation or apoptosis, but Vegfa expression was inhibited, pointing to a likely paracrine effect of LβT2 cells on endothelial cells through activin-mediated Vegfa regulation. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are now needed to pinpoint the exact roles of activin signalling in these processes prior to translating these observations to the clinic.
Efficacy of Hemoperfusion Cartridge Procedure on Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Replacement Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Yang Ke , Huang Honghao , Dai Ruiwu , He Siyi , Zhang Jinbao , Wu Fan , Wei Xiaohong , Gao Feng , Wu Xiaochen , Xin Mei
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces inflammatory homeostasis dysregulation, closely related to many postoperative adverse effects. Minimizing the systemic inflammatory response to CPB is imperative to improving cardiac surgery safety. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of the hemoperfusion cartridge, a device recently designed for extracorporeal blood purification to remove cytokines from the blood for patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery using CPB.
Methods: The hemoperfusion (HP) group consisted of 138 patients, who underwent a hemoperfusion cartridge procedure during CPB. The control group included 149 patients, who received standard CPB management. The evaluated indices included inflammatory cytokines, blood biochemical indices, and postoperative outcome indices.
Results: Patients in the HP group had relatively lower interleukin (IL)-6 levels (days one and two post-CPB) and IL-8 (day one post-CPB) compared with the control group. Some relatively decreased biochemical blood indices also were observed in the HP group, including a significantly lower lactic acid level (days one, two, and three post-CPB), platelet counts (days one, two, and three post-CPB), and aspartate aminotransferase (days one and three post-CPB). Regarding the postoperative outcomes, no severe complications occurred in the patients; however, the HP group required less ventilation time than the control group.
Conclusions: The hemoperfusion cartridge seems promising in limiting the inflammatory reactions during CPB, with noteworthy potential for application in cardiac surgery.
Sudanese children’s common skin diseases
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed , Babiker Bala Sherin Awad , Ahmed Adeeel Fatima Obied , Mohammed Abdelrahman Nahla Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Background: Skin diseases are a significant public health concern that affects a considerable percentage of children, causing discomfort and disabilities. Objective: The focus of this research was to determine the most frequent skin diseases among children in the Dermatology Department of the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital. Methodology: This is a retrospective hospital-based research that took place from January to December 2021 at the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital. Results: One hundred and eighty patients, ranging in age from one to eighteen years old, were included in this study, with males accounting for 60.7 % of the total (n=68). The overwhelming majority of the patients (90.2%, n=101) were from Khartoum state. In the majority of cases (92.9 % - n=104), the patients' residential situations were a risk factor; there was no crowd in their households, and 83.9 % (94) of the participants had no animals in their homes. In terms of water supply, 85.7 % (96) of the patients used tap water. The majority of patients (90.2 % - n=101) had no seasonality skin condition, and none of the patients have any chronic disorders, according to their clinical data. Skin diseases are prevalent among the patients. Throughout study, contagious skin disease affected more than half of the patients (57.1 %, n =64). Furthermore, fungal infection was found in 62.5 % (40) of patients. The great majority of patients (96.4 %, n=108) responded well to therapy. Conclusion: The sex distribution revealed a significant disparity between males and females, with females outweighing males. The majority of the patients were under the age of five. The preponderance of the incidents was linked to housing situations. There is no seasonal variation in the occurrence of illness. Skin disease was evident in more than half of the individuals. A statistical correlation was revealed between the type of skin condition and a family history of similar condition, as well as the duration of treatment.
Peer instruction e fidget toys
Authors: Longo Fernanda
Published: January 2023

Este relato busca apresentar uma experiência que aconteceu no ano de 2021, em meio as aulas bimodais, nas aulas de Matemática do 4º ano dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Tal proposta foi baseada no uso da metodologia ativa denominada Peer Instruction, usando como ferramenta os fidget toys (pop-it) trazidos pelas crianças para a escola, de modo a desenvolver a habilidade matemática que envolve a compreensão da organização retangular da multiplicação. Além das teorizações acerca da assertividade da utilização da Peer Instruction com crianças do ensino fundamental I, utilizou-se para a proposta conceitos advindos da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), que propõe o trabalho envolvendo atividades argumentativas e que, portanto, necessitam do uso de concretudes em um primeiro momento (BRASIL, 2017).
Human microbiota associated IL-10−/− mice: A valuable enterocolitis model to dissect the interactions of Campylobacter jejuni with host immunity and gut microbiota
Authors: Shayya Nizar W. , Foote Minnja S. , Langfeld Luis Q. , Du Ke , Bandick Rasmus , Mousavi Soraya , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M.
Published: January 2023

Secondary abiotic (SAB) IL-10−/− mice constitute a valuable Campylobacter jejuni-induced enterocolitis model. Given that the host-specific gut microbiota plays a key role in susceptibility of the vertebrate host towards or resistance against enteropathogenic infection, we surveyed immunopathological sequelae of C. jejuni infection in human microbiota associated (hma) and SAB IL-10−/− mice. Following oral challenge, C. jejuni readily colonized the gastrointestinal tract of hma and SAB mice, but with lower numbers in the former versus the latter. Whereas hma mice were clinically less severely compromised, both, macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae of C. jejuni infection including histopathological and apoptotic cell responses in the colon of IL-10−/− mice were comparably pronounced in the presence and absence of a human gut microbiota at day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, C. jejuni infection of hma and SAB mice resulted in similarly enhanced immune cell responses in the colon and in differential pro-inflammatory mediator secretion in the intestinal tract, which also held true for extra-intestinal including systemic compartments. Notably, C. jeuni infection of hma mice was associated with distinct gut microbiota shifts. In conclusion, hma IL-10−/− mice represent a reliable C. jejuni-induced enterocolitis model to dissect the interactions of the enteropathogen, vertebrate host immunity and human gut microbiota.
The Buddha's Path of Peace: A Step-by-Step Guide
Authors: Hunt Geoffrey
Published: January 2023

The Buddha’s Path of Peace sets out the basic instructions for the life-changing way of the Buddha (the so-called “Noble Eightfold Path”) wholly in the context of contemporary and everyday life, personal experience, human relationships, work, environmental concern and the human wish for peace. In this book, the core of the Buddha’s teaching is comprehensively cast in modern models of thought—borrowed from science and philosophy—and informed by contemporary concerns. The reader, who may be completely new to Buddhism, is accompanied along the Path with practical exercises that are fully explained. The Path begins with an introductory overview and then proceeds through Right Speech, Right Acting, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Concentration, Right Mindfulness, Right Understanding and Right Resolve, and concludes with a short chapter on the relevance of the Path to the multiple crises facing the world today. The reader is mentored throughout by practical meditational and contemplative exercises, with tables, diagrams, analogies and stories. Gradually the reader who has followed this handbook with commitment will feel the benefits of growing peacefulness, wisdom and compassion.
Knowing God, Knowing Emptiness: An Epistemological Exploration of Bernard Lonergan, Karl Rahner and Nāgārjuna
Authors: Robinson John N.C.
Published: January 2023

Knowing God, Knowing Emptiness examines the viability of the epistemology proposed by Bernard Lonergan in his seminal work Insight, particularly with regard to its possible application in the field of interreligious dialogue. This book scrutinises Lonergan’s claim to comprehensiveness in the light of an awareness of the epistemological questions raised by the various dialogues taking place between different religions. Lonergan claims in Insight that because his epistemology is based on, and corresponds directly to, the structure of human cognition, it is therefore intrinsic to all instances of thought. Accordingly, it is ideally placed to mutually relate any combination of differing positions. This book tests his claim by applying Lonergan’s epistemological categories to Karl Rahner’s Foundations of Christian Faith, and Nāgārjuna’s Mūlamadhyamakakārikā. Having critically reconstructed Lonergan’s position, this book does the same for both of these texts and parses them on the basis of Lonergan’s epistemological system. It examines whether the thought contained in these two works could be fruitfully related on the basis of Lonergan’s epistemology, and what the implications are for the field of interreligious dialogue. These implications are considered in terms of the theology of religions and of the more recently developed comparative theology, typified by the approach taken by thinkers such as Francis X. Clooney. The book concludes by considering the developments that result from this dialectic.
Potential health risk assessment of metals in the muscle of seven wild fish species from the Wujiangdu reservoir, China
Authors: Cai Shenwen , Zeng Boping , Li Chuntao
Published: January 2023

Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were analyzed in the surface water and muscle of seven fish species (Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Hemiculter leucisculus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Silurus meriaionalis, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and Parabramis pekinensis) from the Wujiangdu reservoir, China. All metal concen-trations in water were lower than grade one water quality values. Mean metal concentrations in the fish muscle decreased in the order: Zn (10.765 mg kg−1) > Fe (8.908 mg kg−1) > Mn (0.373 mg kg−1) > Cu (0.369 mg kg−1) > Pb (0.158 mg kg−1) > As (0.102 mg kg−1) > Hg (0.042 mg kg−1) > Cd (0.024 mg kg−1). Metal concentrations were higher in omnivorous and carnivorous fish than those in herbivorous fish. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Hg was much higher than that of other metals in all fish species. The values of target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were lower than 1 for fishermen and the general population, indicating that there was no considerable noncarcinogenic risk. However, target cancer risk (TR) values were greater than 1.0 × 10−6, indicating that the car-cinogenic risk caused by fish consumption could not be ignored. Several kinds of fish species were not completely safe for human consumption according to the standard of the European Commission. The potential health risks in fishermen were much higher than that in the general population.
The English Order of Service for the State Funeral from the Liber Regie Capelle. Opinion of the invited editor
Authors: Perst M.
Published: January 2023

.
[RETIRADO] Seguridad Alimentaria y Estado Nutricional En Poblaciones de Latinoamericana: Una Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Condori Dianet
Published: January 2023

El documento ha sido retirado debido a identificación de similitudes no citadas con otro(s) texto(s).
Paljon vanhaa, jotain uutta ja jotain lainattua: Suomalaisjournalistien ammattikuva Worlds of Journalism Study -kyselyssä
Authors: Väliverronen Jari , Pöyhtäri Reeta , Villi Mikko
Published: January 2023

Tässä raportissa perehdytään suomalaisten journalistisen työn tekijöiden ammattiarvoihin, -etiikkaan, työoloihin ja käsityksiin journalismista. Työ perustuu kansainväliseen Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS) -projektiin, jossa selvitetään säännöllisesti journalismin tilaa eri puolilla maailmaa (WJS 2022a). Ensimmäinen kysely tehtiin vuosina 2007–2011, jolloin mukana oli 21 maata ja 2 100 journalistia. Suomi liittyi projektiin vuonna 2013 sen toisessa aallossa. Siihen osallistui vuosina 2012–2016 kaikkiaan 67 maata ja yli 27 500 journalistia. Tässä raportissa keskitytään projektin kolmanteen aaltoon, joka on käynnissä vuosina 2021–2023. Mukana on yli 120 maata eri puolilta maailmaa. WJS-projektin kantavana ajatuksena on käsitys journalismista diskursiivisena instituutiona. Tämän ajatuksen mukaan journalistit käyvät jatkuvaa neuvottelua keskenään ja muiden toimijoiden kanssa siitä, mikä on journalismin paikka yhteiskunnassa ja miten journalismia tulisi tehdä. Näiden neuvotteluiden tuloksena journalistit määrittävät ammattinsa rajoja, jotka ovat jatkuvassa liikkeessä. WJS-projektissa selvitetään kyselytutkimusperiaatteella sitä, kuinka journalistit eri maissa hahmottavat omat tehtävänsä ja rajansa tiettynä ajankohtana. Kyselyitä vertailemalla ja toistamalla voidaan hahmottaa journalismin kehityskulkuja eri paikoissa ja eri aikoina. (WJS 2022b.)
Todo se lo lleva el viento: notas etnográficas sobre la memoria y la cosmohistoria desde el sur de Durango
Authors: Van Loon Aäron Moszowski
Published: January 2023

En este artículo reúno un conjunto de reflexiones desde y sobre la etnografía que pretenden proporcionar elementos para la revalorización de la memoria personal en la antropología y la historiografía. Aun cuando el alcance de lo expuesto trasciende cualquier contexto etnográfico específico, me nutro de mi experiencia investigativa entre los indígenas de la Sierra Madre Occidental en México para yuxtaponer materiales provenientes de dos tipos de fuentes: contrasto dos trabajos académicos recientes, uno antropológico y otro historiográfico, con las meditaciones serpenteantes de un hablante casi septuagenario de mexicanero. De esta forma, no solo espero alentar a las ciencias sociales a hacer justicia a la rapsodia incesante de la experiencia, sino también hacer una contribución crítica al debate contemporáneo sobre la cosmopolítica en general y la cosmohistoria en particular. Al mismo tiempo, dirijo mi atención hacia la llamada “conceptualización baja” de Alban Bensa como una vía metodológica muy prometedora que permite mitigar algunas de las dificultades encontradas.
The Culture of Peter the Great’s Era in Terms of Concept Art
Authors:   Great Central Naval Museum, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Venkov Nikita
Published: January 2023

The era of Peter the Great was a time of fundamental changes. New reforms and orders were very unfamiliar to Russians, which is why the new Russian state required comprehensive means of glorification of new cultural and political reforms. Planning of new architecture, urban space and composition in pieces of fine art were based on a system of concepts: the concept of glorification of battles and wars won by the Russian army and navy, introducing European traditions in fine arts, introducing the Table of Ranks for service, and bringing European science to Russia. In other words, the creation of art, architecture and country residences was not random. The glorification of new reforms in Russia was the basis for new art. Conceptuality as a basic element of creative culture was founded in the beginning of the XVIII century. It determined the evolution of fine arts for the next several centuries. This is the reason why analysis of architecture and fine arts in the culture of Peter the Great’s era in terms of conceptual art is important. In conceptual art the conception is crucial, not the form. Many prints were made in the first quarter of the XVIII century, dedicated to military victories and the new flourishing city: Saint-Petersburg. These prints were created by invited artists from Europe (A. Schoonebeek, P. Picart) and their Russian apprentices (A. Zubov and I. Zubov). J. Tannauer, L. Caravaque and G. Gzel created conceptual paintings dedicated to Peter the Great’s deeds. The “Petrine Baroque” style of architecture and regular urban planning has determined the evolution of Saint-Petersburg as a European city.
Measles whole-genome sequencing v1
Authors: VT Phan My
Published: January 2023

This is an optimised protocol for PCR amplification of the Measles virus (MV) genome using specific primers designed for B3 genotype. The method generates cDNA amplicons suitable for whole genome sequencing using the MinION platform. The method covers the entire ca. 16,000 nt MV genome in 8 overlapping amplicons of about 2200 bp (see Figure below). Both the reverse transcription and PCR steps are performed in two separate reactions to avoid short overlapping PCR products. The method has worked successfully with MV directly from oral fluid samples and with tissue culture passaged material. Primer sequences can be found at the following GitHub site: https://github.com/mlcotten13/Measles_primers
Reproductive Tissue Collection (Mammals): Post-mortem Sampling v1
Authors: not provided sanaz.arenivas
Published: January 2023

Version date: January 2023 The following protocol illustrates how to collect and ship living reproductive tissue from a deceased wild or captive mammal for long-term cryopreservation. Collected tissues can either be immediately cryobanked at -196°C or processed for gamete collection and later cryobanked at -196°C. To print this protocol: Click the arrow to the right of the "MORE" button at the top of this page and select the option to print or download as PDF version. References: Brahmasani, S.R., Sontakke, S., Ghosh, S., Mallapur, G., Yadav, S., Vasudevan, K. (2021). GRB Manual- An Introduction to Genetic Resource Banks for Wildlife Conservation. Gaur, A., Umapathy, G., Vasudevan, K., Sontakke, S., Rao, S., Goel, S., Kumar, D., Gupta, B., Singh, D.N., Kumar, A. (2017). Manual for Biological Sample Collection and Preservation for Genetic, Reproductive and Disease Analyses. Trans Ova Genetics. (2022). Trans Ova Livestock Cloning. https://transova.com/service/cloning-services/ ViaGen Pets & Equine. (2021). Emergency Pets Protocol – U.S. Clients. https://www.viagenpets.com/emergency-pets/ White, C. L., & Dusek, R. J. (2015). Wildlife specimen collection, preservation, and shipment. In J. C. Franson, M. Friend, S. E. J. Gibbs, & M. A. Wild (Eds.), Techniques and Methods. US Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.3133/tm15c4