bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise microestrutural de um aço assistido pelo efeito TRIP obtido a partir de três diferentes ciclos térmicos
Authors: Pena Bárbara Diniz , Dias EduardoAntonio Pinto , Lopes Wellington , Correa Elaine Carballo Siqueira
Published: December 2022

RESUMO A indústria automotiva está em constante busca pela diminuição do peso dos veículos, visando menor consumo de combustível e, conseqüentemente, a redução da emissão de gases tóxicos à atmosfera. Nesse contexto, foi desenvolvido o aço assistido pelo efeito TRIP, com o objetivo de aliar elevada resistência mecânica e ductilidade, características associadas tanto à sua microestrutura multiconstituída como à possibilidade de transformação da austenita retida em martensita durante a deformação plástica. Neste trabalho foram analisados os efeitos de três diferentes rotas de processamento térmico e da variação do tempo de austêmpera na microestrutura final e na dureza de um aço com baixo teor de carbono, de forma a obter uma microestrutura multiconstituída com a presença de austenita retida, o que possibilitaria a ocorrência do efeito TRIP. Os ciclos investigados envolveram etapa intercrítica seguida por austêmpera (ciclo CD), além de etapas prévias à intercrítica - têmpera (ciclo CT) e austenitização completa (ciclo CC). Observou-se que a aplicação dos ciclos térmicos distintos resultou em microestruturas cujos constituintes apresentaram distribuição, dimensões e morfologias diferentes entre si e que a elevação do tempo de austêmpera favoreceu a formação de bainita, reduzindo a quantidade de constituinte MA. Foi verificado ainda que, para os três ciclos, essa elevação do tempo de austêmpera provocou um aumento na proporção de austenita retida e de seu teor de carbono e uma redução nos valores de dureza verificados para o material.
Avaliação física e mecânica de compósitos de gesso reforçados com fibra de Bambusa tuldoides
Authors: Alvarenga Bruna Lopes , Mesquita Júnior Laércio , Faria Douglas Lamounier , Dias Matheus Cordazzo , Alvarenga Vinícius Lopes , Mendes Lourival Marin , Guimarães Júnior José Benedito
Published: December 2022

RESUMO Essa pesquisa objetivou avaliar o potencial do bambu Bambusa tuldoides como reforço na matriz de gesso. Foi determinada a densidade básica, dimensões de fibras e constituição química da matéria-prima. Foram produzidos compósitos com substituição em volume da pasta de gesso por 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30% de bambu com uma relação água/gesso de 1:1. Para a caracterização mecânica dos compósitos foram realizados ensaios de flexão estática, compressão e densidade aparente. Os valores obtidos na avaliação da fibra apresentaram valores próximos à literatura. Na caracterização dos compósitos todas as propriedades tiveram regressão quadrática significativa e foi possível verificar o comportamento similar entre propriedades mecânicas e a densidade. Na densidade ocorreu um aumento do seu valor até a porcentagem de 17,41% que pode ser justificado devido à absorção da água pela fibra decorrente da presença de pontuações, o que gera uma diminuição na relação água gesso e um aumento da densidade. Já o decréscimo da densidade a partir de 17,41% está relacionado com a grande quantidade de fibras presente que ficam emaranhadas e causam espaços vazios já que a pasta de gesso não consegue infiltrar nesses locais. Na compressão, as porcentagens entre 3,37 e 26,19% são os que atenderam as exigências normativas (maior que 2 MPa), e na flexão as porcentagens entre 0 e 27,23% são as que estão em conformidade com a norma (maior que 1 MPa). Os resultados mostraram que a utilização do bambu Bambusa tuldoides como reforço é viável entre as porcentagens 3,37 e 26,19% para atender todas as exigências normativas.
Towards Evidence Retrieval Cost Reduction in Abstract Argumentation Frameworks with Fallible Evidence
Authors: Cohen Andrea , Gottifredi Sebastian , García Alejandro J. , Simari Guillermo R.
Published: December 2022

Arguments in argumentation systems cannot always be considered as standalone entities, requiring the consideration of the pieces of evidence they rely on. This evidence might have to be retrieved from external sources such as databases or the web, and each attempt to retrieve a piece of evidence comes with an associated cost. Moreover, a piece of evidence may be available in a given scenario but not in others, and this is not known beforehand. As a result, the collection of active arguments (whose entire set of evidence is available) that can be used by the argumentation machinery of the system may vary from one scenario to another. In this work, we consider an Abstract Argumentation Framework with Fallible Evidence that accounts for these issues, and propose a heuristic measure used as part of the acceptability calculus (specifically, for building pruned dialectical trees) with the aim of minimizing the evidence retrieval cost of the arguments involved in the reasoning process. We provide an algorithmic solution that is empirically tested against two baselines and formally show the correctness of our approach.
ISOLATION OF MICROFIBERS IN THE PROCESSING OF POLYAMIDE FABRICS
Authors: Nyssanbek Marzhan , Mukhametov Almas , Azimov Abdugani
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the problem of the release of polymer microparticles (the so-called microplastics) from textile products has been extensively investigated. The main reason of the release of a large number of plastic microfibers is considered to be machine washing of synthetic clothing. However, approaches aimed at reducing the amounts of detached microfibers (MFs) differ significantly. This paper reviews the existing approaches, presents a method for processing polyamide fabrics with a chitosan solution, and describes the experiments that confirm the feasibility of the proposed method. The formation of a chitosan film on the surface of polyamide fibers was evidenced with the results of scanning electron microscopy. The authors have shown that fabric surface treatment with a 1 % chitosan solution reduces the amount of microfibers released during washing by  60 %. A fluorescent analysis demonstrated that mechanical processing of polyamide fabrics with a higher surface density is associated with a release of a smaller number of microfibers (358 ± 24) MF/g as compared to less dense fabrics (533 ± 16) MF/g. The results obtained in the present study can be used in the development of a standard method for quantifying the amount of synthetic microfibers shed from textile materials during their washing.
Ethical Standards for Information Systems Professionals - 30 years after “A Case for a Unified Code”
Authors: Ribeiro Diana , Varajão João
Published: December 2022

Technological advances increasingly mark our society, but also bring with them unique ethical challenges. In 1992, a paper entitled “Ethical Standards for Information Systems Professionals: A Case for a Unified Code” by Effy Oz was published in MISQ. Since then, much has happened in the area of technologies and information systems. New business contexts, methodological approaches, technologies, applications, and many other changes have occurred, requiring a renewed attention to ethical concerns and warranting a revisiting of the theme 30 years later. This article follows the same structure and methodological approach as used in Effy Oz’s work, focusing on the current versions of the ethical codes of leading organizations. The objectives are as follows: (1) to reflect on the changes made to the codes over 30 years, (2) to examine whether the recommendations proposed in Oz’s original work are reflected in the current versions of the codes, and (3) to conclude if the need for a unified code of ethics still prevails. The results indicate that, depending on the organization, the impact of the “passage of time” on the codes was different; several recommendations — which are still valid — are not fully reflected in the documents, thus continuing the need for a unified code of ethics (albeit with some different characteristics from those identified three decades ago).
El endecasílabo blanco: la apuesta por la renovación poética de G. M. de Jovellanos, Oviedo, IFESXVIII / Ediciones Trea (ACESXVIII, 5), 2020
Authors: Olay Valdés Rodrigo
Published: December 2022

En la idea de superar la poesía anacreóntica y llevar el discurso poético del momento a un nivel superior de ambición y complejidad, Jovellanos se inclinó por sustituir la rima por el ritmo y eligió el endecasílabo blanco como el metro idóneo para su propuesta dada su flexibilidad y sus ricas posibilidades de acentuación. En una serie de cartas dirigidas a varios amigos poetas (1773-1797), explicó cómo debía emplearse este verso: clasificó los endecasílabos según sus cinco posibles acentuaciones o cesuras; estableció cuáles eran las más armónicas y trazó la manera de combinarlas apropiadamente. En este estudio, sistematizamos la novedosa teoría de Jovellanos, analizamos sus usos métricos diacrónicamente y estudiamos el modo en que aplicó sus ideas a sus propios poemas. Ello permite concluir que se ajustó a su preceptiva de forma progresivamente más exacta, lo que nos capacita para describir una evolución muy detallada de su uso del endecasílabo blanco relevante para entender su obra, datar sus poemas y resolver problemas de autoría.
Optimization of CRISPR/Cas9 method for transgenesis of model microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Virolainen Pavel A. , Chekunova Elena M.
Published: December 2022

In this work we knocked out the LTS3 gene of the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using the TIM technique optimized for the available equipment. We achieved transformation efficiency of 68.8%, knockout of this gene lead to the death of C. reinhardtii cells after several division cycles.
The creation and study of genetically modified organisms in fundamental research allows a deeper understanding of the basic processes in the cells with the prospect of further applying this knowledge in practice. Microalgae are an interesting object for genetic engineering because of the great prospects for their application in biotechnology, but in almost every case it is necessary to develop new strategies and transformation methods for the introduction of genetic constructs into the cell. CRISPR/Cas revolutionized the field of genome editing due to its simplicity, efficiency and accuracy compared to previously used methods, which over time simplified the development of protocols [1]. Currently, the most effective method of transformation is TIM (Targeted Insertional Mutagenesis) [2], developed for the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P.A. Dang. model object of photosynthesis genetics.
To test and optimize the TIM technique [2] in our lab, we carried out a knockout of the LTS3 gene, a transcriptional activator of chlorophyll biosynthesis genes in heterotrophic conditions [3].
We used glass beads agitation and electroporation (Gene Pulser Xcell, Bio-Rad, USA) methods in order to introduce into C. reinhardtii cells of the CC-125 (wt, mt+) strain the ribonucleoprotein complex SpCas9/sgRNA and double-stranded donor DNA with paromomycin resistance gene.
The effectiveness of transformation varied from 10.6% to 68.8%. Probably, the LTS3 gene product plays a key role in the pathway of chlorophyll biosynthesis, since its knockout led to the death of C. reinhardtii cells after several division cycles.
The transformation protocol optimized for the equipment available in our lab can be further refined and used to study the functions of other C. reinhardtii genes.
Biorisk assessment of genetic engineering — lessons learned from teaching interdisciplinary courses on responsible conduct in the life sciences
Authors: Himmel Mirko , Malygina Anastasia A. , Dukhinova Marina S.
Published: December 2022

Genetic engineering is one of the ground-breaking technologies developed in the 20th century with great prospects for improving human, animal, and plant health, providing food security as well as environmental protection in times of climate change. From the early beginning on, scientists were debating about benefits and risks of genetic engineering and actively proposed measures for safe use of this technology. This led to the concept of biosafety which aims at protecting humans and the environment from unwanted consequences of the use of genetic engineering. Genetic engineering could be misapplied for even enhancing the threat potential of pathogens or toxins. The concept of biosecurity has been introduced to protect biomedicine and the life sciences of being misused for criminal or hostile purposes by malicious actors. The new WHO Guidance framework for the responsible use of the life sciences is the most recent example for improving awareness among partitioners in science to strengthening biorisk assessment strategies [1]. But still, there is the need for implementing any of such proposed biorisk assessment frameworks on national and institutional levels. Ideally, comprehensive training of students in the life sciences in biosafety and biosecurity should be mandatory worldwide and embedded in the curricula of their bachelor and master study programmes [2]. But how to engage students and improve their understanding for cross-disciplinary approaches in strengthening biosafety and biosecurity? Which teaching techniques are appropriate? Is there an opportunity for innovation? [3] The work presented here addresses these questions and provides insights in joint teaching activities of the last two years.
PhaseAll: a simple tool for read-based allele phasing
Authors: Zhurbenko Peter M. , Klimenko Fedor N.
Published: December 2022

The currently used genome assembly algorithms do not provide for allele phasing. This can lead to the loss of important information about the genotype of diploid and polyploid individuals. Here we introduce PhaseAll, a simple tool for allele phasing based on short reads obtained by second-generation sequencing. As input data, the tool takes paired reeds in SAM format. PhaseAll iterates sequentially through each alignment position. When a polymorphic position (SNP, insertion or deletion) is first encountered, a unique mutation is written to each allele. For each subsequent polymorphic position, a test is made to verify whether it is located on the same pair of reads (one DNA fragment) as the previous one. If two mutations are located on the same fragment, they are considered to belong to the same allele. If no fragments are found that connected at least one pair of neighboring polymorphic positions, an X is written in the allele sequences. This means that the alleles can swap at this position.

PhaseAll is written in python 3. SAM files are processed using the pysam library. PhaseAll is designed to separate only two alleles. To avoid possible sequencing errors, the user can set a read depth threshold below which the polymorphic position will be skipped. Some indels can cause errors in allele phasing, so PhaseAll has an option to skip indels for more accurate SNP reconstruction. The tool was tested on sequences of agrobacterial origin in the Camellia L. genome in more than 100 samples. PhaseAll is available for download on the GitHub: https://github.com/pzhurbenko/PhaseAll

The research was supported by RSF (project No. 21-14-00050).
Chloroplast genomes and GMOs. History, features and perspectives on plastid transgenesis in plant biotechnology
Authors: Chekunova Elena M.
Published: December 2022

Chloroplasts provide life on our planet, by creating carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids and O2 through the process of photosynthesis. Two billion years ago, a eukaryotic ancestor entered symbiosis with photosynthetic cyanobacterium, giving rise to chloroplasts. During evolution, chloroplasts transferred most protein-coding genes of free-living bacteria to the nucleus, but retained a semi-autonomous genetic status their own genomes and transcription and translation machinery.

The genetics of plastids began in 1909, when Baur and Correns described the non-Mendelian, maternal inheritance of Pelargonium leaf color: green, white and variegated. The presence DNA in chloroplasts (chDNA) was prove in the 1960s, and later have been shown, that male chDNA in zygotes is specifically degraded, assuring maternal inheritance in most plants.

The plastid transformation was first described in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [1]. This method of plant biotechnology is an alternative to traditional introduction of foreign DNA into the nucleus, and has a number of advantages: (a) the large copy number of chDNA offers high-level transgene expression; (b) site-specific integration of foreign genes reduces the number of transgenic lines to be evaluated; (c) the lack of gene silencing or position effects in chloroplast genomes; (d) the chloroplast employs a prokaryotic gene expression system, and allows the expression of polycistronic genes [2]. Thus, chloroplasts are becoming attractive hosts for the introduction of new agronomic traits, as well as for the biosynthesis of high-value pharmaceuticals, biomaterials and industrial enzymes.
Features of the regulation of the transcription factor NIN, which determined its participation in the control of nodule organogenesis in legumes plants
Authors: Kantsurova Elizaveta S. , Dolgikh Elena A.
Published: December 2022

The transcription factor NIN (NODULE INCEPTION) is a master regulator of forming legume-rhizobial symbioses in plants. This transcriptional factor is the founder of the family of NIN-like proteins, which are widely represented in most part of groups of terrestrial plants, but only in legumes and some representatives of the Rosales was recruited to play a key role in the regulation of the development of rhizobial symbiosis. We assume that there are some features in the structure of the protein itself, which are associated with different co-regulators during various processes, which determines the selective involvement of NIN in the regulation of infection and organogenesis, and also there are many regulatory regions in the gene promoter that are associated with different TFs on different developmental stages of symbiosis.
We found that this protein may contain structural features in the form of a specific transcription factor amino acid pattern that was characteristic of legumes with an indeterminate nodule type. In addition, we conducted a search and analysis of promoter elements, which showed activity in the roots of non-legume plants.
In order to study the role of the identified promoter elements associated with cytokinins in the regulation of morphogenesis, we conducted an experiment on the treatment of mutant pea plants with exogenous cytokinins followed by transcriptomic analysis. As a result of this work, we have identified new target genes that can be activated by NIN in the control of later stages of nodule morphogenesis.
The work was supported by the RSF grant 22-26-00279.
Systemic control of symbiotic nodulation in legume plants: genetic engineering in functional studies of key regulators
Authors: Lebedeva Maria  A. , Dobychkina Daria A. , Lutova Lyudmila A.
Published: December 2022

Legumes are important suppliers of vegetable protein. In symbiotic interactions with soil bacteria rhizobia, legume plants form nitrogen-fixing nodules on their roots, where molecular nitrogen is fixed and incorporated into organic compounds. A host plant controls the number of symbiotic nodules to meet its nitrogen demands. The presence of high amount of nitrate in the soil suppresses the formation of nodules. CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION) peptides produced in the root in response to rhizobial inoculation and/or nitrate were shown to control the number of symbiotic nodules. Previously, we have identified the MtCLE35 gene upregulated by the rhizobia and the nitrate treatment in Medicago truncatula, which systemically inhibited nodulation when overexpressed. Using genetic engineering approaches we increased its transcriptional activity in transgenic roots, which almost completely prevented the formation of symbiotic nodules. Moreover, we obtained stable transgenic lines overproducing the MtCLE35 peptide, and found that their had lower shoot and root biomass in comparison to the wild-type plants. The study of metabolome of MtCLE35-overproducing plants revealed the increased level of amino acids in the roots, suggesting the stimulating effect of MtCLE35 on amino acid synthetic pathways.

In addition, we obtained several knock-out lines, where the MtCLE35 gene was edited using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system. The detailed analysis of these plants will allow us to understand the mechanisms of MtCLE35 action in the regulation of plant nitrogen status and symbiotic interaction with rhizobia.

This work was supported by the grant from Saint Petersburg State University ID 93020341 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research project 20-016-00129.
Exploring the Community Cultural Wealth of Black Medical Students Who A Completed Post-Baccalaureate Study Prior to Admissions
Authors:   , Thomas Anna-Kay , Hill Deanna
Published: December 2022

Black students' overall admittance rate to medical school has remained consistent over the last 40 years and continues to lag behind that of other racial/ethnic groups (Association of American Medical Colleges [AAMC], 2021b). The persistent inequities in K-12 and higher education systems and historical exclusion of Blacks from medical education have impacted many aspiring Black doctors' abilities to matriculate without enrolling in post-baccalaureate programs, which adds time and cost. The purpose of this narrative study was to explore the stories of Black medical students who completed a post-baccalaureate program to improve their profile to gain admittance to medical school. The researcher sought to understand Black students' perception of their community cultural wealth (aspirational capital, familial capital, social capital, navigational capital, resistant capital, and linguistic capital; Yosso, 2005), including if/how community cultural wealth was employed to navigate their transitions to the dominant institutional structures of medical school, as well as the development of their professional identity. The overarching question that guided this study was: What stories do Black medical students who completed a post-baccalaureate premedical program tell about their capital and professional identity formation in medical school? Three sub-questions guided the study: (a) How do Black medical students who attended a post-baccalaureate program describe their need for the post-baccalaureate premedical program? (b) How do Black medical students who attended a post-baccalaureate premedical program describe their capital in medical school? (c)How do Black medical students who attended a post-baccalaureate premedical program describe their professional identity formation? The researcher conducted interviews and administered a demographic survey to seven participants. The major themes included the process of becoming, the evolution of self, and the weight of being Black in medicine. The study's findings, results, interpretation, and conclusions led to the development of three categories of recommendations. The first recommendation for practice is in the form of structure redesigned for the AAMC to improve equity based on the systemic issues within the education system. The second recommendation offers programmatic suggestions for institutions with linkage post-baccalaureate programs. The third is the recommendation for future research on post-baccalaureate programs. Collectively, these recommendations will improve the experience of Black students who attend post-baccalaureate programs and equity among all students, especially those who attend predominantly White institutions. Keywords: Black medical students, post-baccalaureate programs, community cultural wealth, social capital, narrative study.
Job stress experienced by nurses working in private hospitals in Kottayam
Authors: Jacob Jijy , Tripathi Shaifali
Published: December 2022

Many tasks of Nurses are routine, quite difficult, disgusting, unpleasant, and not rewarding, nurses are likely to burn out due to job stress. Job stress affects nurses' health, increases absenteeism and attrition, errors in treating patients, infection rates, and increased cost of employment for hospitals.

The aim of quantitative descriptive survey study was to find out the Job stress of 300 female nurses working in selected private hospitals in the Kottayam, selected by simple random sampling in December 2021. Socio-demographic tool and Nurses’ Occupational Stressor Scale (NOSS) were used for data collection.

The majority (61%) of the subjects belonged to the age group of 31 to 40 years. The data showed that the majority of the subjects (89%) were married, 56% were from nuclear families and most had 1-2 children. Among the subjects, 55% of spouses had private jobs while 2% were unemployed and 9% worked abroad. Most of the subjects (78%) were GNM. The scope of work was divided equally among the staff, ie, medical 30%, surgical 17%, and critical care medicine/emergency medicine/OT 43%. Of 300 subjects, 47.6% had more than 5 years of experience. 82% of subjects underwent CNE and 73% participated in stress management programs at some stage of their professional life. Of the 300 subjects, 80.3% reported as they are receiving support from their immediate supervisors and Hospital management, while 53% reported that their job interfered with family life, and 44% were moderately satisfied in meeting their family needs. 81% of the subjects showed medium job stress. The mean was 51 (the mean percentage was 60.8%) with a standard deviation of 5.9.

For nurses, job stress seems to vary according to individual and job characteristics and work-family conflicts. Interventions should be planned to prevent and manage stress, which in turn contributes to job performance and productivity.
Waiting line theory with robotic process automation (RPA) in shopping malls: A literature review
Authors: Tailor R. K. , Kumar Sunita
Published: December 2022

The present era is a technological era. Every business organization is affected by the information technology which provides good pace to their users. In the present modern world, waiting line has been identified as a biggest problem in the shopping malls in India. Hence, to raise this problem I have selected the present title for my research.The waiting line in the shopping malls are the biggest problems in present era. Majority of customers are depressed in their long queues. Hence, they may feel harassed by the shopping malls and try not to join again. It may be a major cause of dissatisfaction of their buying as well as their wastage of time. The waiting period reduces tremendously by using Robotic Process Automation.
Impact of demographic variables on consumers’ adoption of e-banking services in Ganjam District of Odisha: An empirical investigation
Authors: Panigrahi Ashok , Swain Kirti Ranjan , Chaudhury Suman Kalyan
Published: December 2022

The primary objective of this research is to determine demographic factors that influence the adoption of internet banking services to improve the situation. As banks are spending a lot of money and time on technology to provide easy and better banking services, hence it becomes critical to examine whether technological advances improve the extent of customer satisfaction. An empirical study has been carried out with the help of 372 respondents in the district of Ganjam, Odisha, India who have access to technology-based banking services. The results of the chi-square test show that there are relationships between demographic factors and various technological banking services provided by the banks to the customers. By using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis it is also inferred from the study that the intense use of technology has negative effects on users' openness to technology-based banking services. This study has clarified many demographical factors which affect the acceptance of technological banking services among the customers in the Ganjam district and has suggested the required measures to adopt more customer-friendly e-banking services.
A Comparison of the Characteristics of TAFTIE and RELAI Innovation Agencies
Authors: Glennie Alex , Zolho Nyangala , Cuello Hugo
Published: December 2022

This report brings together the results of a comparative analysis of the Latin American Network of Innovation Agencies (RELAI) and the European Network of Innovation Agencies (TAFTIE). This research has aimed to foster links between innovation agencies in Europe and Latin America in order to strengthen relationships and create opportunities for learning to take place. Our starting place is a comparison of the ways in which TAFTIE and RELAI agencies are similar, as well as the areas where they diverge. With this report, we hope to stimulate thinking about the variety of roles that innovation agencies can take on and how they can become more effective learning organizations, capable of adapting and evolving in response to changing contexts and able to learn from the experience of their peers worldwide.
Concept Note for the PPP Talk panels on Climate Investment and Digital Transformation
Authors: Astesiano Gastón , Lembo Carolina , Simón Morientes Cristina , Castillo Martínez Paula
Published: December 2022

The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) holds the PPP Americas every two years in partnership with a national or subnational government. The regional forum brings together top professionals and public and private-sector representatives from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to discuss groundbreaking topics and exchange ideas on planning, structuring, and managing public-private partnerships (PPPs). For the 2023 conference, the IDB is holding three preparatory events - the PPP Talks before the main event. During the PPP Talks, invited experts will lay the groundwork for the discussions to be held during the conference. The first PPP Talk will consist of two panels on December 1st, 2022: Climate Investment and Digital Transformation both topics are part of the thematic agenda of PPP Americas 2023. This Concept Note provides the conceptual framework of the two themes discussed during these panels. In addition, this note offers descriptions of key concepts, as well as the main opportunities and challenges that countries in Latin America and the Caribbean face in each area.
La música carranguera y su narrativa ambiental en el fortalecimiento de las estructuras de acogida en instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas-Támara Felipe , Peña-Quino Graciela , Leguizamón-Niño Deisy Nereida
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar el potencial educativo y pedagógico de la narrativa ambiental de la música carranguera, como medio para el fortalecimiento de las estructuras de acogida en los niños de 5 a 7 años en el contexto educativo de las IED Canadá y José Antonio Galán, colegios oficiales de la ciudad de Bogotá. El enfoque de investigación fue de carácter cualitativo, con un diseño hermenéutico y de investigación-acción participativa. Como resultado, se observó el potencial que tienen las narrativas ambientales ancladas en el género de la música carranguera como medio educativo para fortalecer las estructuras de acogida. La narrativa ambiental desplegada permitió vincular diversas áreas del conocimiento y desarrollar diversas posibilidades en la creación de un modelo integrador de enseñanza. La investigación permitió concluir que la narrativa ambiental de la música carranguera posibilita dinámicas educativas orientadas a fortalecer las estructuras de acogida. Se observaron cambios paulatinos en el tono de la voz de los padres y enriquecimiento del lenguaje en los niños. Al mismo tiempo, la investigación permitió visibilizar la importancia y el compromiso que tienen las instituciones y las familias desde un modelo de cultura ambiental fundamentado en reconocer el valor del territorio, el barrio, la familia y los llamados principios de trascendencia.
Creación e implementación de material audiovisual como apoyo a las estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la asignatura teoría y solfeo I
Authors: Ciro-Gómez Jhon Eduard , Arango-Higuita Karen Lucía , Rodelo-Merche Ana María , Velandia-Gélvez María Camila , Zambrano-Pereira Francy Gabriela , Morales-Díaz María Angélica
Published: December 2022

Este proyecto planteó el diseño, producción e implementación de un material audiovisual con el objetivo de apoyar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la asignatura Teoría y Solfeo I, a través del uso de videos tutoriales teórico-prácticos que permitan el desarrollo de las competencias correspondientes a las áreas de teoría musical, lectura rítmica y lectura en el pentagrama hablado y cantado. La implementación de esta producción audiovisual se haría dentro de la estrategia pedagógica Flipped Classroom o clase invertida, al ser una valiosa herramienta en el desarrollo de contenidos previos a las sesiones de clase sincrónicas por la posibilidad de ser usado por los estudiantes repetidas veces y dejar un material disponible para la práctica fuera del tiempo de la clase.
Análisis financiero de sistemas fotovoltaicos: criterios e indicadores.
Authors: Osma-Pinto German Alfonso , Ortega-Diaz Liliana Patricia , Medina-Raigoza Sebastian Andres
Published: December 2022

El objetivo general de la propuesta consiste en el diseño de una página web que sirva como guía para fortalecer el aprendizaje sobre análisis financiero de sistemas fotovoltaicos en la asignatura Tópico especial “Dimensionamiento de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos”; es decir, una página web que sirva como repositorio de recursos de apoyo al aprendizaje en temas de gestión de proyectos y análisis financiero de sistemas fotovoltaicos.
Devolatilization as an alternative for energy valorization of bio-medical waste: kinetic study
Authors: Cayancela-Muñoz Andrea Elizabeth , Benalcázar-Peñafiel Gabriela , Alvarado-Aguiar María , Gordillo-Vinueza Gilda , Montero-Calderón Carolina
Published: December 2022

Thermogravimetric analysis has established kinetics for the devolatilization of bio sanitary waste as possible sources for alternative fuels. In this study, the thermal degradation of materials was carried out at different heating rates: 5, 15, 30 °C/min with dynamic ramps and isothermal periods in the thermogravimetric analyzer. The data from the mass loss at different times and temperatures, the conversion of the thermal decomposition reaction was calculated, this value was used in three mathematical models that will predict the kinetic parameters such as activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and order of the reaction. A better fit model is proposed by minimizing the error between the calculated thermal degradation rate and the experimental one. It is concluded that the best kinetic model for contaminated clothes and gloves considered the Arrhenius equation and reaction order two and includes reference temperatures of 450 and 367 °C for each material. The activation energy values for contaminated gowns and gloves are 553.62 and 154.06 kJ/mol, respectively. It is established that by achieving a conversion of 0.98 in the thermal degradation of these materials, they can be converted into the material of interest as alternative fuels.
Simulación de una planta WtE (Waste to Energy) para la recuperación de energía a partir de residuos sólidos municipales en el Valle de Aburrá
Authors: Barrera-Zapata Rolando , Cardona-Giraldo Julián Andrés
Published: December 2022

Se presenta un modelo para simular una planta de combustión en parrilla para el aprovechamiento energético de residuos sólidos municipales bajo el concepto WtE (Waste to Energy) utilizando el software Aspen Plus. El modelo se validó mediante comparación de datos de proceso simulados y datos disponibles en la literatura. Independiente de las condiciones de operación simuladas, los resultados del modelo en cuanto a potencia térmica, potencia eléctrica, eficiencia mecánica y composición (kg/h) de los gases de salida de la planta presentaron desviaciones blobid0.png 12%, en comparación con datos reportados en la literatura para plantas WtE operando a las condiciones simuladas, lo que permite concluir que el modelo es apto para estimar flujos de masa y energía, al igual que la potencia eléctrica generada en el proceso WtE y es útil como herramienta de análisis para estudios de pre-factibilidad de este tipo de plantas. El modelo, una vez validado, se utilizó para evaluar diferentes escenarios de manejo de residuos sólidos municipales en el Valle de Aburrá, permitiendo estimar importantes datos energéticos para la evaluación o comparación de estrategias relacionadas con el manejo de residuos en zonas urbanas y bajo diferentes condiciones de operación.
Producción de hormigón verde a partir de ceniza de cascarilla de arroz y residuos de vidrio como sustitutos del cemento
Authors: Rúa-Suárez Andrés Felipe , Carvajal-Jaramillo Jeferson , Lasso-Cerón Cristian Arley , Arbeláez-Pérez Oscar Felipe
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo explora el uso de residuos de vidrio (RV) como material puzolánico para mejorar las propiedades del hormigón preparado con ceniza de cascarilla de arroz (CCA). Se prepararon relaciones en masa CCA:RV 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 y 1:3 (CCA +RV = 5% en masa) como reemplazo del cemento. Se evaluó el asentamiento, la resistencia a compresión y las emisiones de CO2. Los resultados evidenciaron que el asentamiento y la resistencia de las mezclas ´preparadas fueron mayores a las presentadas por el hormigón preparado con ceniza de cascarilla de arroz. La mayor resistencia a compresión se observó en la mezcla 3:1. Las emisiones de CO2 disminuyeron con la incorporación de ceniza y residuos de vidrio. La incorporación de RV en hormigón preparado con CCA representa una buena alternativa para la disposición de estos residuos.
Validación de un método por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución para la determinación simultánea de diclofenaco e ibuprofeno en aguas
Authors: Ardila-Arias Alba Nelly , Balbin-Olarte Yuleidy , Bedoya-Urrego Sergio Andrés , Arriola-Villaseñor Erasmo , Reyes-Calle Juliana
Published: December 2022

El diclofenaco sódico y el ibuprofeno son medicamentos de alto consumo, empleados para el alivio de dolencias comunes, y su poca metabolización hace que gran proporción de estos se conviertan en contaminantes acuíferos, que por su bioacumulación representan una problemática ambiental que requiere atención urgente. Es por esto que el seguimiento de estos contaminantes, a través del desarrollo y validación de metodologías analíticas que permitan su cuantificación en fuentes hídricas, se convierten en una necesidad para su prevención y control. En este estudio se desarrolló un método por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución para la determinación simultánea de diclofenaco e ibuprofeno en aguas. La validación del método se llevó a cabo con la determinación de la linealidad, límites de cuantificación y detección, exactitud y precisión en términos de repetibilidad y precisión intermedia. Para la determinación de los parámetros de desempeño se calculó el porcentaje de recuperación, el promedio, la desviación estándar, la desviación estándar relativa, el coeficiente de variación y el intervalo de confianza. Además, para determinar la exactitud y la precisión de aplicó el análisis factorial de varianza con un nivel de confianza del 95% y nivel de significancia del 0.05. Los valores obtenidos para todos los parámetros cumplieron con los criterios de aceptación establecidos, con lo que se concluye que el método desarrollado es exacto y preciso con altos niveles de confiabilidad.
Simulation of Reinforcement Learning Algorithm for Motion Control of an Autonomous Humanoid
Authors: Bharadwaj Deepak , Dutt Durga
Published: December 2022

Autonomy is an issue in robotics systems. Currently the robotics research community is focusing on autonomy in the decision. The pre-programmed humanoid robots perform the operation in a known scenario. The presence of an obscure environment, a lack of awareness of the environment, humanoid robot fails to perform the random task. In such cases, the preprogrammed robot needs to be reprogrammed to enable it to perform in the changing environment. There is very limited success achieved in the autonomy of the decision-making process. This research work considered the problem of an autonomy while the deicion making in th real time interaction. The reinforcement algorithm helps to do the task in such type of unstructured and unknown environment. Reinforcement learning problems are categorized into partial Markov Decision Processes (MDP). The goal of RL agent is to minimize its immediate and expected costs. When the system interacts with the Markov Decision Process, RL agent passes through an intermediate sequence of states that depends on another by transition probabilities. The agents action takes, and the agents experience a sequence of immediate costs incurred. Reinforcement Learning and teaching approach like Queue Learning (Q-Learning) is implemented for humanoid robot for navigation and exploration. The Q-learning expresses the expected costs to go of a state action pair defined, which is meant to express the expected costs arising after having taken action in the state following policy. Based on the optimal policy of the reinforcement algorithm, a reinforcement controller was implemented. The transition probabilities of the controller depend on the randomness of the controller. The random values of the controller decide the action. Simulations were carried out for the different positions of the proposed model, and an interesting result were was observed while the transition from the sitting position to the goal position.
METHOD OF SUPPLYING FUEL TO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Authors: Shishkov Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2022

Purpose of work: the purpose of the work is to improve the accuracy of fuel dosing during cyclic supply and reduce toxic emissions of exhaust gases into the atmosphere of an internal combustion engine. The method relates to power and transport engineering and is intended for ground-based power plants and vehicles. The method consists in cyclic fuel supply through the injectors, while measuring the fuel pressure at its inlet during the calibration work of the internal combustion engine electronic control system, by measuring the fuel pressure in front of each injector, the integral value of its drop during the open state of the valve of each injector is determined, depending on crankshaft speed and load on the internal combustion engine and record it in the non-volatile memory of the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine, and during its operation, before opening the valve of each injector, the fuel pressure at its inlet is increased by the corresponding integral value of its drop during the valve open period injector recorded in the non-volatile memory of the electronic control unit. Due to the correction of the fuel pressure in front of the injector and the correction of the cyclic fuel supply of each individual injector, the accuracy of its dosing is increased, which reduces the toxicity of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.
Approaches to studies of the profitability of businesses in the war economy conditions
Authors: Ivakhnenkov Sergiy
Published: December 2022

Research aim. The purpose of the study is to form a complete and clear idea of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of a war economy, which is especially relevant in the conditions of a full-scale war between the Russian Federation and Ukraine.Research methods: positivism, which assumes the presence and application of various scientific paradigms and theories within certain scientific disciplines; systematic approach; general methodological principles of the system approach, empirical method and method of idealization; comparison, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, generalization.Research results. A complete and clear understanding of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of the military economy was formed. The concept of the military economy was also clarified. Under peaceful conditions and a market economy, as well as under conditions of a hybrid war while maintaining market relations in part of the state’s territories, three main groups of indicators should be used to calculate the profitability of enterprises: cost, income, and resource. To calculate the profitability of enterprises of the military-industrial complex, it is also worth using a specific indicator, which consists in weighing the combat effect of manufactured products on their cost price.Potential application of the research results: on the basis of the developed provisions, it is possible to develop organizational and methodical provisions for the analysis of profitability in the conditions of the military economy.Conclusions. The branches of the war economy were examined, and the fact that they were all related to the branches of the normal peacetime market economy was emphasized. After considering the existing classifications, a generalized version was given that divides the military economy into the following areas: 1) purely military production of means of armed struggle, 2) civilian production of means of armed struggle, 3) civilian production of ordinary civilian products, 4) military economy.In the traditional form, the concept of profitability in the conditions of the war economy is absent. Instead, in order to analyze at least the efficiency of the production process, it is suggested to limit the use of indicators of the productivity of the enterprise’s activity and to estimate labor productivity in the calculation of one employee or per unit of working time.

JEL classіfіcatіon: D20, H56
Ensuring the sustainability of the external sector of Ukraine in the conditions of high risks
Authors: Lukianenko Iryna , Pokydko Anastasiia , Tokarchuk Taras
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is in-depth empirical analysis and development of economic and mathematical tools to assess the current state of the external sector of Ukraine, and determination of the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the external sector to ensure its sustainability in the medium- and long-term perspective taking into account internal and external risks. The article analyzes how the current pandemic crisis has affected the external sector of the economy and identifies potential risks of vulnerability of our economy to external shocks. Based on the system of indicators, the current external stability of the economy is assessed, and the main channels of macroeconomic policy influence on the state of the external sector of the economy are studied. The sensitivity of the external sector of Ukraine’s economy to measures and instruments of fiscal and monetary policy analyses using the developed VAR model. In particular, the investigation revealed that excessive fiscal expansionary policies could lead to the accumulation of external imbalances, which might be adjusted by the effective monetary policy. The calculation results showed that to ensure the stability of the external sector of the economy of Ukraine, a balanced fiscal policy is required, since the state of the external sector strongly reacts to fiscal shocks. Consider the fact that the external sector of the Ukrainian economy is most sensitive to changes in the real exchange rate; fiscal policy is effective in adjusting the current account of the balance of payments only in the short-term perspective. However, in the mediumterm perspective, monetary influence on the external sector is stronger through other channels of transmission of the discount rate, except for currency.Accordingly, based on the results of the study, recommendations for the application of macroeconomic policy measures to ensure the external stability of Ukraine’s economy in the medium and long term has been developed. Further research is worth focusing on determining the factors that ensure the stability of the external sector in the conditions of military actions.

JEL classіfіcatіon: C32, E63, F31, F32, F40