bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced permeability and fouling-resistant capacity of poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membrane based on the PPG-co-PEG-co-PPG copolymer with two hydrophobic terminals and one hydrophilic intermediate
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wang Panpan , Yu Jianxin , Jiang Haicheng , Gao Po , Ma Jun
Published: June 2019

A simple and efficient route was used to prepare an amphiphilic copolymer (poly(propylene glycol)-co-poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(propylene glycol)) (PPG-co-PEG-co-PPG) by one-pot polymerization reaction. This copolymer was used as the hydrophilic additive in preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes via immersion–precipitation process. Surface characteristics of the membranes were confirmed by contact angle measurements, zeta potential, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. During filtration experiments, the modified membranes showed better permeation and antifouling performances compared to PVDF membranes with bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate and yeast. After hydraulic stirring cleaning with deionized water, water flux recovery and rejection ratio of the modified membranes were higher than those of pristine PVDF membrane, and the flux recovery ratio was maximized at 94.29%. It was suggested that PPG-co-PEG-co-PPG copolymer was anchored in the PVDF membrane through the two hydrophobic ends of PPG blocks, while the hydrophilic intermediate of the PEG block segregated onto the membrane or pore surface during the membrane preparation process. The synthesized method of amphiphilic PPG-co-PEG-co-PPG copolymer paved a novel way to solve the problems of less compatibility between the copolymer and membrane matrix and instability with water molecules in the ultrafiltration process.
Ampicillin removal by adsorption onto activated carbon: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics
Authors: Del Vecchio Paola , Haro Nathalia K. , Souza Fernanda Siqueira , Marcílio Nilson Romeu , Féris Liliana A.
Published: June 2019

Pharmaceutical compounds are essential to preserve human and animal welfare, as well as to prevent illnesses. However, the elevated consumption of drugs, followed by incorrect disposal and inefficient wastewater treatment, may increase their environmental risk. In the case of antibiotics, such as ampicillin, some of the already known consequences are bacterial resistance and some toxic interactions with aquatic organisms. The scope of the present work is to investigate the removal of ampicillin through batch adsorption experiments onto granular activated carbon (GAC). The influence of pH and phase contact time were evaluated. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models were adjusted to experimental data to determine process kinetics. In order to study adsorption equilibrium and thermodynamics parameters, isotherms at 298 K, 298 K and 308 K were constructed. The models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips fitted to experimental data. The best results (73% of removal, residual concentration 5.2 mg L−1) were reached at pH 6 and 120 minutes of contact time. Pseudo-first order model better represented the adsorption kinetics (R2 = 0.99), while the Langmuir equation suited well the experimental isotherms at 288 K and 298 K (R2 = 0.998 and R2 = 0.991) and the Sips equation better represented the system at 308 K (R2 = 0.990). Thermodynamic parameters were estimated as ΔG° = −6,000 J mol−1; −6,700 J mol−1; −7,500 J mol−1 at 288 K, 298 K and 308 K respectively, ΔH° = 14,500 J mol−1 and ΔS° = 71.0 J mol−1 K−1. The results indicate that this process is spontaneous, efficient and potentially applicable in the removal of ampicillin from water.
Glycan Carriers As Glycotools for Medicinal Chemistry Applications
Authors: Vacchini Mattia , Edwards Rana , Guizzardi Roberto , Palmioli Alessandro , Ciaramelli Carlotta , Paiotta Alice , Airoldi Cristina , La Ferla Barbara , Cipolla Laura
Published: June 2019

Carbohydrates are one of the most powerful and versatile classes of biomolecules that nature
uses to regulate organisms’ biochemistry, modulating plenty of signaling events within cells, triggering
a plethora of physiological and pathological cellular behaviors. In this framework, glycan carrier
systems or carbohydrate-decorated materials constitute interesting and relevant tools for medicinal
chemistry applications. In the last few decades, efforts have been focused, among others, on the development
of multivalent glycoconjugates, biosensors, glycoarrays, carbohydrate-decorated biomaterials
for regenerative medicine, and glyconanoparticles. This review aims to provide the reader with a general
overview of the different carbohydrate carrier systems that have been developed as tools in different
medicinal chemistry approaches relying on carbohydrate-protein interactions. Given the extent of
this topic, the present review will focus on selected examples that highlight the advancements and potentialities
offered by this specific area of research, rather than being an exhaustive literature survey of
any specific glyco-functionalized system.
Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 2-Oxo-N-substituted Phenyl- 2H-chromene-3-carboxamide Derivatives as HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors
Authors: Wadhwa Pankaj , Jain Priti , Jadhav Hemant R.
Published: June 2019

Background:

A series of eighteen 2-Oxo-N-substituted phenyl- 2H-chromene-3-
carboxamide analogues has been evaluated for HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibition.

Methods:

The derivatives were synthesized via a two-step pathway commencing with 2-
hydroxybenzaldehyde and diethyl malonate followed by hydrolysis of ester and coupling with various
aromatic amines. The HIV-1 IN inhibitory potential of these compounds has been studied relative
to dolutegravir, a known HIV-1 IN inhibitor using a standard available kit.

Results:

Six molecules (compounds 13h, 13i, 13l, 13p to 13r) showed significant inhibition of HIV-
1 integrase 3′-strand transfer with IC50 values less than 1.7 μM. The presence of chromene-3-
carboxamide motif was shown to be crucial for the enzymatic activity. In addition, molecular modelling
studies were also done to justify the IN inhibition and in vitro-in silico correlation was drawn.

Conclusion:

However, these compounds did not show HIV-1 and HIV-2 inhibition below their cytotoxic
concentration indicating that these compounds cannot be taken further for anti-HIV activity as
such and require structural modification.
Melatonin Ameliorates Radiation-induced Sciatic Nerve Injury
Authors: Shabeeb Dheyauldeen , Musa Ahmed Eleojo , Keshavarz Mansoor , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Hadian Mohammed Reza , Nowrouzi Azin , Shirazi Alireza , Najafi Masoud
Published: June 2019

Background:

Radiotherapy is a treatment method for cancer mostly utilized for about
60% of cancer patients. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the severe complications of radiotherapy.
Two stages of neuropathy will occur following irradiation; electrophysiological and biochemical
variations as the first stage, while the second stage involves fibrosis of soft tissues surrounding the
exposed nerve. This novel study aimed to investigate the radioprotective effects of melatonin against
ionizing radiation-induced sciatic nerve damage.

Methods:

60 rats were randomly assigned to four groups; C (Control), M (Melatonin), R (Radiation),
MR (Radiation + Melatonin). Their right legs were exposed to 30 Gy single dose gamma rays. Melatonin
(100 mg/kg) was administered 30 min before irradiation and once daily (5 mg/kg) till the day
of rats’ sacrifice. Their exposed nerve tissues were evaluated for biochemical changes in addition to
Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Study (NCS).

Results:

4, 12 and 20 weeks post-irradiation, EMG and NCS examinations in R group showed reduced
Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) representing axonal degeneration when compared
with C and M groups. Prolonged latency and a decrease in Conduction Velocity (CV) gave an
indication of demyelinating neuropathy at 12 and 20 weeks. EMG and NCS results of R group
showed partial nerve lesion. Biochemical assessments showed that irradiation of sciatic nerve led to
increased MDA level, as well as decreased CAT and SOD activities. However, in all cases, treatment
with melatonin can reverse these effects.

Conclusion:

We conclude that melatonin can improve electrophysiological, oxidative stress and
antioxidant defense features of irradiated rats’ sciatic nerves. We would also recommend the use of
melatonin in an optimal and safe dose. It should be administered over a long period of time for effective
protection of the peripheral nerve tissues, as well as improving the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy.
Stem Cells in Rotator Cuff Injuries and Reconstructions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Fanxiao , Meng Qingqi , Yin Heyong , Yan Zexing
Published: June 2019

Background:

Multiple studies have focused on stem cell-based treatments for rotator cuff disorders; however, the outcomes are not consistent.

Objective:

This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effects of stem cells on rotator cuff healing.

Methods:

A detailed search of relevant studies was conducted in three databases including Pubmed/ Medline, Cochrane library, and Embase databases, using the following keywords: “rotator cuff” or “Tissue Engineering” AND “stem cell” from inception to January 01, 2019. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each individual study were extracted from the original studies or calculated based on relevant data and pooled to obtain integrated estimates using random effects modeling.

Results:

A total of 22 studies were identified. The results demonstrated that the ultimate strain in the stem cell group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 4 and 8 weeks. Muscle weight in the stem cell group was higher than the control group at 8 weeks, while no significant differences were detected at 16 weeks. The stem cell group had lower visual analog scale scores (VAS) at 1, 3, and 6 months, and higher American shoulder and elbow surgeons score (ASES) at 3 months. In addition, the walking distance, time, and speed in the stem cell group were significantly superior to those in the control group.

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis confirms that stem cells improved the rehabilitation of rotator cuff disorders. However, larger-scale studies are needed to further support these findings.
Challenges Facing Small-sized Construction Firms in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Tayeh Bassam A. , Alaloul Wesam S. , Muhaisen Waleed B.
Published: June 2019

Background:

The construction industry is the most active tool for societies development and one of the main pillars in the Palestinian economy.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to identify the main internal and external challenges that small-sized construction firms are wrestling in the Gaza Strip. In addition to that, to review briefly small-sized construction firms’ characteristics, stages of survival and growth and importance to the economy.

Methods:

At first, all the relevant literature was systematically reviewed. A survey was conducted through a questionnaire to collect the data from 68 contractors. A Likert scale data were analyzed to rank the success factors and the barriers using Relative Importance Index (RII).

Results:

The most affecting small-sized construction firms’ challenges are: start-up cost, foreign currency fluctuation, access to finance during the execution of work, continuous abruption and unstable prices of construction material, nomination and recruitment policies for the team, the lack of clarity of vision and the difficulty of developing a strategic plan far away, the complexities of dealing with suppliers, and the general economic situation.

Conclusion:

Based on the above challenges, small-sized construction firms should have a protection against unequal competition and a mitigation of financial loads. In addition to a group motivational measures to improve the opportunities for the small contractors to survive and grow.
Single Centre Experience with Anaconda Custom-made Fenestrated Stent Graft in the Endovascular Repair of the Juxtarenal Aneurysms
Authors: Lisy Milan , Kalender Guenay , Rouhani Guido , Schwarzbach Matthias , Stelter Wolf
Published: June 2019

Aim:

The fenestrated Anaconda custom-made stent graft is one of the recently widely accepted fenestrated devices for managing complex juxta- and pararenal aortic pathology. This study showed its feasibility for treatment of challenging juxtarenal anatomy of the abdominal aorta.

Methods:

Over the period of 12 months, 9 patients with juxtarenal aortic aneurysm underwent fenestrated stent graft implantation in our institution. The graft fenestrations were customized on the basis of computerized tomography (CT-Angiography; CTA). Selected visceral ostia were protected with covered balloon-expandable stents after partial stent graft deployment. The perioperative and short term data were collected prospectively.

Results:

The mean aneurysm diameter was 58.4 mm (range 46-73 mm). The mean infrarenal neck length was 3.5 mm (range 0-7 mm), no patient had a severe (>60°) angulation of proximal neck. 18 fenestration for renal arteries, 1 for SMA and 3 for coeliac´s were treated with Advanta V12 covered stent. All the target vessels were cannulated successfully through fenestrations and all the stent grafts were successfully deployed in patients with no technical issue in the release mechanism. All the patients have undergone 6 month follow-up, no aneurysm related or aneurysm-unrelated deaths were reported. On the CTA scan, 3 of the patients had a weak type IIb endoleak; no type I or Type III endoleak was demonstrated. All target vessels were open without an instance of branch-stent stenosis/occlusion. No reintervention was needed.

Conclusion:

The usage of custom-made Anaconda fenestrated stent graft for endovascular treatment of juxtarenal aortic aneurysms is feasible with acceptable intermediate-term results.
Retained Primary Molars and Related Reasons in Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Iraqi Ghazal , Helal Narmin , Arafa Abla , Helal Faris
Published: June 2019

Background:

Retention of primary molars beyond the expected time of exfoliation is uncommon; this condition is known as persistence. A retained primary tooth, with the crown in good condition, roots, and supporting alveolar bone can serve adults for many years.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of retained primary molars and investigate the reasons for their persistence in Umm Al-Qura University.

Methods:

Overall, 500 extra-oral panoramic radiographs were assessed to investigate whether primary molars persisted beyond the expected exfoliation period. Dental records were also reviewed to investigate the possible reasons for persistence. The collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed, with P < .05 considered significant.

Results:

Seventy-six retained primary molars were identified (39 in females and 37 in males) in 500 panoramic radiographs (from 260 females and 240 males). Agenesis of the permanent successor tooth was the most frequently encountered reason for the retention of primary molars (19%). The second most frequent reason was ectopic deviation of the path of eruption of the successor (11%). The third most common reason was impaction of the successor (10%).

Conclusion:

The incidence of retained primary molars in the investigated population was 15.2%. The most common reason for the persistence of primary molars was agenesis of the permanent successor, followed by ectopic eruption and impaction of the successor teeth. These data highlight the need for education and awareness of dentists and patients to preserve the primary tooth when there is no permanent successor present and support an appropriate treatment plan for each case.
Initial Clinical Presentation of Cervical Cancer Patients at Pietersburg Hospital, South Africa (2012-2014): A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Mohuba Edna Maite , Mothiba Tebogo Maria , Muthelo Livhuwani
Published: June 2019

Background:

Cervical cancer, compared to other types of cancers, is a leading cause of death for women; and is a serious public health problem in both developed and developing countries.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the initial clinical presentation of cervical cancer patients at the Pietersburg Hospital, Limpopo Province in South Africa.

Methods:

This was a quantitative, retrospective study conducted to examine the records of cervical cancer patients from January 2012 to December 2014 at the Pietersburg hospital.

Results:

The results indicated that most patients, particularly the elderly, presented for the first time at the hospital with advanced stages of cervical cancer. Factors, such as age and place of residence contributed to late presentation. Most patients with advanced stage cervical cancer were from Sekhukhune and Vhembe Districts.

Conclusion:

There is a need for improved data capturing of information about marital status and parity to further assess the influence these variables might have on the clinical presentation of cervical cancer. Furthermore, availability and facilities for screening should be improved because early detection of cervical cancer prevents progression to advanced stage of the disease. More awareness campaigns about risk factors of cervical cancer should be implemented.
PAn/Cu Bismuthate Nanoflake Composites with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for TA
Authors: Wang Z. , Chen H.J. , Lin F.F. , Yan L. , Zhang Y. , Pei L.Z. , Fan C.G.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Measuring tartaric acid in liquid food, such as fruits or fruit products is of
great importance for assessing the quality of the food.

Objective:

The aim of the research is to obtain polyaniline/Cu bismuthate nanoflake composites by an
in-situ polymerization route for the electrochemical detection of tartaric acid.

Methods:

Polyaniline/Cu bismuthate nanoflake composites were prepared by in-situ aniline polymerizing
route in aqueous solution. The obtained products were characterized by X-Ray diffraction
(XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), respectively.
The electrochemical performance for tartaric acid detection has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry
method using polyaniline/Cu bismuthate nanoflake composites modified glassy carbon electrode.

Results:

The nanocomposites comprise of tetragonal CuBi2O4 phase. Polyaniline particles with the size
of less than 100 nm attach to the surface of the nanoflakes. A pair of quasi-reversible cyclic voltammetry
peaks are located at -0.01 V and +0.04 V, respectively at the 20wt.% polyaniline/Cu bismuthate
nanoflake composites modified glassy carbon electrode. The limit of detection is 0.58 µM with the linear
range of 0.001-2 mM. The linear range increases from 0.005-2 mM to 0.001-2 mM and limit of detection
decreases from 2.3 µM to 0.43 µM with increasing the polyaniline content from 10wt.% to 40wt.%.

Conclusion:

Comparing with the Cu bismuthate nanoflakes modified glassy carbon electrode, polyaniline/
Cu bismuthate nanoflake composites modified glassy carbon electrode shows enhanced electrochemical
performance for tartaric acid detection.
Investigation of Micellization and Viscometric Behaviour of Organo-copper Soap-urea Complexes Derived from Various Edible Oils
Authors: Sharma Arun Kumar , Saxena Meenakshi , Sharma Rashmi
Published: June 2019

Background:

Of-late researches in colloid chemistry are becoming increasingly important in various branches of chemistry, industry, medicine and allied fields. Copper surfactants derived from various edible oils provide an interesting area of investigation pertaining to its fundamental information regarding their colloid-chemical behaviour. Copper (II) soaps and their urea complexes in polar and non-polar solvents have gained considerable popularity due to their immense use and widespread applications such as wood preservation, foaming, wetting, biocidal, pesticidal activities, fungicidal, detergency, emulsification, paints, lubrication etc.

Objective:

Present work has been initiated with a view to obtain a profile due to the nature and structure of copper soap and their urea complexes with long chain fatty acids in polar and non-polar solvent, which have great significance in explaining their characteristics under different conditions. The objective of the present work is study of micellar characterizations of copper soap and their urea complexes in polar (methanol) and non-polar (benzene) solvents of varying composition and subsequent determinations of CMC using physical properties such as, viscosity. This will provide fundamental information regarding their colloid chemical behavior.

Methods:

The density, molar volume, viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of Cu (II) soap- urea complexes derived from various edible oils in a benzene-methanol solvent system have been determined at a constant temperature of 303.15 K.

Results:

Results: The results were used to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC), soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecules on various parameters. The values of the CMC in the higher volume percent of methanol are higher than those of the lower volume percent of methanol. The values of CMC for these complexes are following the order: CSoU>CSeU> CGU > CMU

:

This shows that there is a decrease in the CMC values with an increase of the average molecular weight of the complex. The conclusions with regard to solute-solute and solutesolvent interactions have been discussed in terms of the well-known Moulik’s and Jones- Dole equations. The effect of surfactant concentration on the viscosity of the solution in the solvent mixtures has been discussed. The observations suggested that the solvent structure breaking effect by the solute on the solvent molecules is more prominent above the CMC as compared to below the CMC.

Conclusion:

The vital information about the micellar behavior of synthesized molecules as a solute and their interactions with different solvents will plays an important role in various industrial and biological applications.
Achillea millefolium E.Mey: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Profile
Authors: Satari Altaf H. , Bhat Mohammad Faizan , Hassan Reyaz , Masoodi Mubashir Hussain
Published: June 2019

A staggering 80% of the population in developing countries relies on herbal medicine for
treatment of various diseases and disorders. Among them, Achillea millifolium from Asteraceae family
is one medicinally important plant called as “yarrow” and reported as being used in folklore medicine
for ailments such as skin inflammations, spasmodic and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as hepatobiliary
complaints. Therefore, a plethora of scientific studies have been conducted to give substance to
its ethnomedicinal claims, and in addition to that, even more, biological functions such as its hypotensive,
antioxidant, antimicrobial, vasoprotective, antiulcer and antis-permatogenic activities, scientifically
established. Our review comprehensively collects recent phytochemical and pharmacological activities
of Achillea millifolium and should, therefore, act a suitable reference for future research into the
plant’s phytochemical profiling and overall pharmacological evaluation.
Synthesis, Characterization, Environmental Properties and Mechanical Studies of SBR-Nano Aluminum Oxide Composites
Authors: Mankar Rani , Gurnule Wasudeo
Published: June 2019

Background:

Rubber or nano aluminum oxide composites may be considered as potential materials in mechanical applications because of the adaptability of polymer properties of nanometric substances. Rubber nano-composite is prepared by using the emulsion polymerization method. Mechanical properties and environmental resistance properties are evaluated for a better rubber-filler interaction.

Purpose:

In this examination, the Raman spectroscopy and the mechanical properties of nanocomposites are based on Styrene-Butadiene rubber (SBR) and were explored within the sight of nano aluminum oxide additive. The nano-composites were prepared by mechanically mixing and utilizing two-roll mills. Nano aluminum oxide particle suspensions were added to SBR and the abrasion and spectral properties were overviewed.

Materials and Methods:

Nano aluminum oxide, 2, 2’- dithiobis, tetramethyl thiuram disulfide, N, N’- Diphenyl P- phenylenediamine and SBR latex were used for analysis. SBR nano-composite was obtained by using the emulsion polymerization method.

Results:

Mechanical test outcomes demonstrated the improvement in tensile strength, elongation, and tear resistance. Abrasion test results demonstrated that nano aluminum oxide particles could improve the abrasion resistance of SBR matrix because of the good properties of nano aluminum oxide particles. The strengthening capacity of the fillers resulted in noteworthy upgrades in the properties of polymer framework at extremely low filler loadings when contrasted with conventional fillers. In this work, we concentrate on Raman spectroscopy and mechanical properties by including filler content within a low loading amount. The collection idea of the combined rubber nano-composite was built up by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The impact of nanoparticles in the polymer network has been assessed for the SBR-nano aluminum oxide from the TEM investigation. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTA) was also examined. Ozone resistance was studied to elucidate periodic observations of the surface of samples, which were made for crack initiation. The samples were exposed for a longer time. Flame resistance was studied to measure the ease of extinction of a flame and four ratings were possible, depending upon the burning time and the presence of flaming drips.

Conclusion:

The present study highlights the emulsion polymerization method, where the environmental resistance performance of rubber nano-composites is found to be improved and the thermal and mechanical properties are also enhanced.
Usability testing of a Web-based solution for the collection of electronic patient-reported outcomes in people living with HIV in Nouvelle Aquitaine, France (Preprint)
Authors: Barger Diana , Leleux Olivier , Conte Valérie , Sapparrart Vincent , Gapillout Marie , Crespel Isabelle , Erramouspe Marie , Delveaux Sandrine , Wittkop Linda , Dabis François , Bonnet Fabrice
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Collecting patient-reported outcomes can be of great value for both research and chronic diseases management. We endeavoured to develop a new facet of the ANRS CO3 Aquitaine cohort study’s web-based data capture and visualization system (APPEGE ® 2.0) for the collection of electronic patient-reported outcomes in people living with HIV care for in Aquitaine, France.

OBJECTIVE

Given the novelty of the proposed data collection method for our setting and specific characteristics of the target population, we sought to evaluate the initial usability of a prototype of an electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) information system (ARPEGE® 2.0).

METHODS

Two successive rounds of empirical, task-based, usability testing were conducted, involving eight “experts” and then six people living with HIV. Evaluators provided written feedback during round 1 and oral feedback during round 2. Evaluators who completed the full set of tasks responded to the Systems Usability Scale. We assessed changes in SUS scores between rounds and concluded usability testing when SUS scores reached a ceiling effect, defining “good” usability a priori as a usability score of 70.

RESULTS

Insights were generated regarding the visibility of system status and the match between the system and the real world that improved the solution’s usability markedly. Experts reported mean SUS scores of 65 +- 18.87 and patients reported mean SUS scores of 85 +- 5.4 (p=0.032).

CONCLUSIONS

Software modifications, informed by successive rounds of usability testing, resulted in sufficient gains in usability to undertake piloting. Usability testing also prompted us to find the appropriate balance between optimal security and ease of use.

CLINICALTRIAL

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03296202 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6zgOBArps)
Content and Feature Preferences for a Physical Activity App for Adults With Physical Disabilities: Focus Group Study (Preprint)
Authors: Olsen Sara H , Saperstein Sandra L , Gold Robert S
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Hundreds of thousands of mobile phone apps intended to improve health and fitness are available for download across platforms and operating systems; however, few have been designed with people with physical disabilities in mind, ignoring a large population that may benefit from an effective tool to increase physical activity.

OBJECTIVE

This study represents the first phase in the development process of a fitness tracking app for people with physical disabilities interested in nontraditional sport. The aim of this research was to explore user preferences for content, appearance, and operational features of a proposed physical activity app for people with physical disabilities to inform the design of a mobile phone app for increasing physical activity.

METHODS

Four focus groups were conducted with 15 adults with physical disabilities who currently participate in nontraditional, non-Paralympic sport. Data collected from the focus group sessions centered on content, functionality, and appearance of apps currently used by participants as well as preferences for a future app.

RESULTS

Participants (mean age 35.7, SD 9.2 years) were mostly white (13/15, 87%), and all were currently participating in CrossFit and at least one other sport. Five main themes were identified. Themes included preferences for (1) workout-specific features that were tailored or searchable by disability, (2) user experience that was intuitive and accessible, (3) profile personalization options, (4) gamification features that allowed for competition with self and other users, and (5) social features that allowed increased interaction among users. Participants expressed a primary interest in having a fitness app that was designed for people with physical disabilities such that the features present in other fitness tracking apps were relevant to them and their community of adaptive athletes.

CONCLUSIONS

The results showed that features related to user experience, social engagement, and gamification are considered important to people with physical disabilities. Features highlighted by participants as most desired, from a consumer perspective, were in line with research identifying attributes of quality apps that use behavior change techniques to influence positive physical activity behavior change. Such insights should inform the development of any fitness app designed to integrate users with disabilities as a primary user base.
Forecasting Mood in Bipolar Disorder From Smartphone Self-assessments: Hierarchical Bayesian Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Busk Jonas , Faurholt-Jepsen Maria , Frost Mads , Bardram Jakob E , Vedel Kessing Lars , Winther Ole
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

Bipolar disorder is a prevalent mental health condition that is imposing significant burden on society. Accurate forecasting of symptom scores can be used to improve disease monitoring, enable early intervention, and eventually help prevent costly hospitalizations. Although several studies have examined the use of smartphone data to detect mood, only few studies deal with forecasting mood for one or more days.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the feasibility of forecasting daily subjective mood scores based on daily self-assessments collected from patients with bipolar disorder via a smartphone-based system in a randomized clinical trial.

METHODS

We applied hierarchical Bayesian regression models, a multi-task learning method, to account for individual differences and forecast mood for up to seven days based on 15,975 smartphone self-assessments from 84 patients with bipolar disorder participating in a randomized clinical trial. We reported the results of two time-series cross-validation 1-day forecast experiments corresponding to two different real-world scenarios and compared the outcomes with commonly used baseline methods. We then applied the best model to evaluate a 7-day forecast.

RESULTS

The best performing model used a history of 4 days of self-assessment to predict future mood scores with historical mood being the most important predictor variable. The proposed hierarchical Bayesian regression model outperformed pooled and separate models in a 1-day forecast time-series cross-validation experiment and achieved the predicted metrics, R2=0.51 and root mean squared error of 0.32, for mood scores on a scale of −3 to 3. When increasing the forecast horizon, forecast errors also increased and the forecast regressed toward the mean of data distribution.

CONCLUSIONS

Our proposed method can forecast mood for several days with low error compared with common baseline methods. The applicability of a mood forecast in the clinical treatment of bipolar disorder has also been discussed.
A Test of Feasibility and Acceptability of Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Women and Men at Risk for High Stress: Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jabson Tree Jennifer M , Patterson Joanne Gayle
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND

In conservative and rural areas, where antidiscrimination laws do not exist, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people are at risk for excess stress arising from discrimination. Stress-reducing interventions delivered via innovative channels to overcome access barriers are needed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of online mindfulness-based stress reduction (OMBSR) with LGB people in Appalachian Tennessee at high risk for stress.

METHODS

In 2 pilot studies involving pre-post test designs, participants completed 8 weeks of OMBSR, weekly activity logs, semistructured interviews, and surveys of perceived and minority stress.

RESULTS

Overall, 24 LGB people enrolled in the study and 17 completed OMBSR. In addition, 94% completed some form of mindfulness activities daily, including meditation. Participants enjoyed the program and found it easy to use. Perceived stress (Cohen, perceived stress scale-10) decreased by 23% in women (mean 22.73 vs mean 17.45; t10=3.12; P=.01) and by 40% in men (mean 19.83 vs mean 12.00; t5=3.90; P=.01) between baseline and postprogram. Women demonstrated a 12% reduction in overall minority stress (Balsam, Daily Experiences with Heterosexism Questionnaire) from baseline to 12-week follow-up (mean 1.87 vs mean 1.57; t10=4.12; P=.002). Subscale analyses indicated that women’s stress due to vigilance and vicarious trauma decreased by 21% and 20%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

OMBSR may be a useful tool to help LGB people reduce general and minority-specific stress in socially conservative regions lacking antidiscrimination policies.
Attitudes of Teachers towards Principal’s Evaluations and Its Effects on Their Teaching Performances
Authors: Zedan Raed
Published: June 2019

This research is a pioneer research, which examined the attitudes and feelings of teachers to the evaluation process they go through by their principals, and the effect that the principals’ evaluation of the teachers’ work has on their function and performances on both the pedagogic and didactic levels. Two hundred and seventy three Arab and Jewish teachers, who teach at different schools, have participated in the research. A structured questionnaire has been used in the current research. Based on the literature review, seven hypotheses that produced the following findings have been formulated: the Jewish teachers express and report more positive standpoints toward the evaluation of the principals than Arab teachers. They also report that the principal conducts more evaluation processes than Arab teachers, moreover, they report that their managers make more use of the evaluation tools than Arab teachers. It was also found that the managers’ evaluation of teachers by conducting and implementing evaluation processes, improves the function and performances of the teachers on both pedagogic and didactic levels, the effect on the function of the Jewish teachers is higher than the function of the Arab teachers. Positive standpoints of teachers toward their managers’ evaluation of them, effect the teacher’s function and performances on both the pedagogic and didactic levels, regardless of nationality.
XVI Congreso de la RedPOP “Vive la ciencia”
Authors: Patiño-Barba Ma. de Lourdes
Published: June 2019

El XVI Congreso de la Red de Popularización de Ciencia y Tecnología de América Latina y el Caribe (RedPOP) se realizó del 21 al 26 de abril en la ciudad de Panamá. El texto narra las principales actividades del evento que dió cita a divulgadores de ciencia de diversos países de la región.
Peran Kelompok Rujukan dalam Meningkatkan Popularitas Mubaligh
Authors: Fatoni Uwes
Published: June 2019

This research is studying about how a reference group can increase a popularity of Dr. K.H. Abdul Hamid as a Mubaligh. This research uses a qulaitiative method. Informan in this study were Abdul Hamid himself, some a member of majelis taâ€™lim which is often listen to daâ€™wah of Abdul Hamid, and His friends who often accompany Abdul Hamid in his daâ€™wah activities. Primary qualitative data retrieved directly using indepth interviews to obtain data. The purpose of this study is how the reference group capable to develop a popularity of Abdul Hamid. The theory uses a group theory by Lazasfeld, Berelson, and Gaudet. Conculation of this research are the reference group proven effective in develop a popularity of person. If itâ€™s positiv will be positive. And if itâ€™s negative will be negative too.
Model Komunikasi Politik Populis: Sebab, Bentuk, dan Efeknya
Authors: Putra Aditya
Published: June 2019

Populism is one of the most knowned and at the same time most debatable concept. Various acticles and paper has been written regarding the definition of populism, along with its constituting elements. Yet, until now there is still no common consensus between social scholars regarding how populism should be define. One way to understand populism is by seeing it as a political communication with certain key elements. The identification of populis communication along with its key elements will path way for an easier and better understanding of populism to be applied in further field research.
MELESTARIKAN BUDAYA ACEH MELALUI PROGRAM ACARA TELEVISI DI ACEH TV
Authors: Zainuddin T Zainuddin , Sulaeman Arif Ramdan , Zulqaidah Zulqaidah
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sebuah program acara dalam dijadikan sebagai alat untuk melestarikan budaya. Adapun yang menjadi permasalahan terdapat dalam rumusan masalah adalah (1) Apa visi dan misi Aceh TV dan bagaimana Aceh TV merealisasikan visi dan misi tersebut. (2) Program-program apa saja yang ditayangkan oleh Aceh TV terkait pelestarian budaya Aceh. (3) Apakah program yang disiarkan oleh Aceh TV mendukung pelestarian budaya Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yakni observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini peneliti menemukan Aceh TV dalam merealisasikan visi dan misinya yaitu dengan cara menggali kembali nilai-nilai budaya Aceh, sehingga masyarakat dapat mempelajari budaya tersebut. Program-program Aceh TV yang ditayangkan terkait pelestarian budaya Aceh, yaitu Caâ€™e Bak Jamboe, Meudikee, Ratoh, Seumapa, Seumeubeut, Piasan Aceh, Akai Bang Rusli dan Keberni Gayo. Program yang disiarkan oleh Aceh TV mendukung pelestarian budaya Aceh. Dan program-program tersebut juga masih dalam batasan syariâ€™at Islam.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI ILMIAH PADA MASA ABASIYAH
Authors: Rahmatika Arina
Published: June 2019

Islam bukan hanya sebuah agama, melainkan pernah menjadi sebuah peradaban besar pada masa Abasiyah. Salah satu yang menjadi penyebabnya adalah adanya komunikasi ilmiah pada masa tersebut. Beberapa strategi komunikasi ilmiah yang dilakukan para khalifah Abasiyah adalah dengan melakukan beberapa kegiatan ilmiah yaitu penerjemahan, penulisan, pembangunan perpustakaan dan pembangunan instansi Pendidikan.
APLIKASI HIPNOSIS (TINJUAN KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH)
Authors: Wulur Meisil B
Published: June 2019

Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang Aplikasi Hipnos, yang ditinjau melalui komunikasi Dakwah. Hipnosis merupakan metode komunikasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan komunikasi efektif, yang memiliki peran dalam memengaruhi klien dalam proses hipnosis. Sehingga pesan-pesan dakwah yang di sampaikan dalam aplikasi hipnosis dapat di sampaikan, dan diterima oleh klien selaku mad’u, dan komunikan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui apa bentuk komunikasi dalam aplikasi hipnosis.Keyword: Hipnosis, Komunikasi, dakwah
ICT Ação em desenvolvimento na Escola Helen Parkhurst Dalton, parte II
Authors: Hogenbirk Pieter , Van de Braak Peter
Published: June 2019

O trabalho apresenta a evolução do plano de ação para melhoria da utilização das TIC na escola Helen Parkhurst
Dalton, no ensino secundário. No início do período de ação, em
2007, o uso de TIC na educação foi avaliado através de uma
revisão realizada por um grupo de inspetores europeus. Essa
avaliação serviu de base para um plano de desenvolvimento
contínuo na escola, para promover e melhorar a utilização das
TIC. Isso foi feito para resolver os pontos fracos observados,
com medidas especiais, e continuar os planos de ação que já
haviam sido postos em prática. Em vista de quatro pontos crí-
ticos observados, foram tomadas as seguintes medidas: a coe-
rência na utilização das TIC foi melhorada, em nível operacional, com a nomeação de coordenadores de escola; a utilização das TIC no ensino foi incentivada ao ser oferecida uma variedade de workshops dedicados à formação de professores; o acompanhamento dos níveis de desempenho dos alunos com o uso das TIC foi abordado por um estudo comparativo em colaboração com estudantes internacionais; a perspectiva de novos desenvolvimentos das TIC, no âmbito do domínio das tecnologias e da pedagogia, foi ampliada através da aquisição de novos equipamentos, como quadros brancos interativos, carrinhos para laptops e outros dispositivos digitais, além da criação de novos laboratórios de informática educacional. Um ano após o surgimento desta inspeção, novos planos surgiram, assim como a organização de um “debate cenário”, pelos líderes escolares, visando abordar o futuro próximo da escola. Nesse debate, a opinião sobre a educação foi renovada em relação aos aspectos organizacionais. Um dos resultados do debate foi a conscientização do papel crescente das TIC. Assim, planos para o futuro próximo da escola foram estabelecidos. Este documento é a segunda contribuição consecutiva, a fim de descrever uma ação baseada no desenvolvimento escolar.
Avaliação da eficácia de Curso a Distância – Explorando a qualidade dos processos interativos
Authors: Botelho Francisco Villa Ulhôa , Vicari Rosa Maria
Published: June 2019

Compreender a dinâmica dos processos de aprendizagem implica uma compreensão dos seus componentes:
indivíduos, o ambiente ou contexto e mediação. Sabe-se
que a Educação a Distância (EAD) tem uma característica
distintiva em relação ao componente de mediação. Devido à
necessidade de superar as barreiras da distância e do tem-
po, a EAD utiliza intensamente tecnologias de informação
e comunicação (TIC) para executar processos interativos.
Uma construção de ambientes de aprendizagem eficaz de-
pende das relações humanas e depende também da emoti-
vidade em tais relações. Portanto, saber como agir em am-
bientes virtuais, no sentido de criar o ambiente necessário
para a animação dos processos de aprendizagem, tem uma
importância singular. Este é o tema deste estudo. Os objeti-
vos gerais alcançados podem ser assim resumidos: analisar
os índices que são importantes para a avaliação da eficácia
de um curso a distância; investigar em que medida a eficá-
cia de cursos de EAD está correlacionada com a qualidade
dos processos interativos; pesquisar características de con-
versas de indivíduos interagindo em grupos de estudo, em
ambientes virtuais, que podem contribuir para a eficácia de
cursos a distância.
Uma plataforma de hospedagem baseada na Web para máquinas pedagógicas
Authors: Gaspar Nuno , De Sousa Simão Melo
Published: June 2019

Dificuldades na implantação multi-plataforma
e utilização pedagógica das máquinas virtuais podem ter
um impacto prejudicial no sucesso de um curso de cons-
trução de compiladores. Este artigo apresenta um curso de
construção de compiladores de suporte de plataforma, que
aborda essa questão. A plataforma proposta é baseada na
web, onde máquinas virtuais são acessadas remotamente
através de um navegador e pela utilização adequada dos
serviços na web. Além disso, ambas as versões de linha
de comando e interface gráfica de usuário são suportadas.
Além de portabilidade e problemas de manutenção, uma
característica interessante do projeto de arquitetura é a sua
capacidade de integrar facilmente novas máquinas virtuais.
Como prova conceitual, vamos mostrar alguns resultados
preliminares sobre a integração de duas máquinas virtuais
muito diferentes, que são utilizadas em cursos de constru-
ção de compiladores, em universidades portuguesas.
Preparando estudantes da Pós-Graduação para a indústria e aprendizado para a vida: uma abordagem baseada em projeto
Authors: Thompson J. Barrie , Edwards Helen M.
Published: June 2019

Este estudo de caso baseia-se em projetos que
têm uma dimensão de mundo real, em que os alunos estão
mais propensos a adquirir as competências e habilidades
que a indústria exige. Informações de base são apresenta-
das, relacionando vínculos entre a academia, a indústria e o
papel dos projetos dos estudantes. Os dados são provenien-
tes de programas de computação em nível de mestrado, da
Universidade de Sunderland, e dos projetos desenvolvidos
por cada um dos estudantes. Uma abordagem específica
permitiu que centenas de projetos bem sucedidos, realiza-
dos anualmente com o setor da indústria, fossem descritos
juntamente com a avaliação de sua eficácia em dar aos
alunos uma formação de competência para a vida.
Avaliação do Impacto da Usabilidade Técnica e Pedagógica no Desempenho de Aprendizes em E-learning
Authors: Reitz Doris Simone
Published: June 2019

O objetivo principal deste estudo é o de verificar se condições adequadas de usabilidade téc-
nica e pedagógica interferem nos desempenhos das aprendizagens de alunos em e-learning. Para
tanto, são propostos comparativos em duas condições distintas de experimentos. Em um expe-
rimento, os alunos interagem com um material de aprendizagem que não utiliza condições de
usabilidade técnica e pedagógica; e em outro experimento, interagem com um material de apren-
dizagem que apresenta condições adequadas de usabilidade técnica e pedagógica implementadas.
Na aplicação dos experimentos propostos pela metodologia, os alunos interagem com o material de
aprendizagem, respondem ao teste de desempenho, e em seguida avaliam a usabilidade técnica e
pedagógica através do questionário de avaliação da usabilidade. Este estudo proporciona uma base
de questões de usabilidade técnica e pedagógica conforme categoria de usabilidade e critérios es-
pecíficos para materiais em e-learning. Também são apresentados os pontos críticos e facilitadores
de usabilidade conforme a avaliação dos alunos. No sentido de comprovar se a usabilidade técnica
e pedagógica proporciona um desempenho significativo aos alunos em e-learning são analisadas
as significâncias das diferenças entre as médias de desempenhos dos alunos entre os dois expe-
rimentos, entre as médias de desempenhos considerando-se somente as questões respondidas, a
correlação entre a usabilidade e o desempenho, e as questões de usabilidade significativas ao de-
sempenho. Outras variáveis, tais como a idade, o gênero, o conhecimento prévio sobre o conteúdo
proposto e a importância do conteúdo para a aprendizagem também são analisadas no sentido de
verificar possíveis interferências quanto aos resultados de desempenho dos alunos.