bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and functional multi-platform MRI series of a single human volunteer over more than fifteen years
Authors: Duchesne Simon , Dieumegarde Louis , Chouinard Isabelle , Farokhian Farnaz , Badhwar Amanpreet , Bellec Pierre , Tétreault Pascal , Descoteaux Maxime , Boré Arnaud , Houde Jean-Christophe , Beaulieu Christian , Potvin Olivier
Published: October 2019

We present MRI data from a single human volunteer consisting in over 599 multi-contrast MR images (T1-weighted, T2-weighted, proton density, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, T2* gradient-echo, diffusion, susceptibility-weighted, arterial-spin labelled, and resting state BOLD functional connectivity imaging) acquired in over 73 sessions on 36 different scanners (13 models, three manufacturers) over the course of 15+ years (cf. Data records). Data included planned data collection acquired within the Consortium pour l’identification précoce de la maladie Alzheimer - Québec (CIMA-Q) and Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) studies, as well as opportunistic data collection from various protocols. These multiple within- and between-centre scans over a substantial time course of a single, cognitively healthy volunteer can be useful to answer a number of methodological questions of interest to the community.
Lack of effect of Imrecoxib, an innovative and moderate COX-2 inhibitor, on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy volunteers
Authors: Liu Yani , Zhang Rui , Li Zhongfang , Zhou Jiali , Yang Tingyu , Yang Chunxiao , Huang Xixi , Zhang Yu , Shi Shaojun
Published: October 2019

Imrecoxib is a registered treatment for osteoarthritis pain symptoms in China. This study aims to assess the effect of imrecoxib on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of warfarin. 12 healthy male volunteers with CYP2C9*3 AA and VKORC1 AA genotypes took a 5 mg dose of warfarin both alone and concomitantly with steady-state imrecoxib. Both warfarin alone and concomitantly with imrecoxib have safey and good tolerance across the trial. Following warfarin and imrecoxib co-administration, neither Cmax, AUC0-t and t1/2 of warfarin enantiomers nor AUC of international normalized ratio (INR) were markedly different from those of warfarin alone. The geometric mean ratios (GMRs) (warfarin + imrecoxib: warfarin alone) of INR(AUC) was 1 (0.99, 1.01). The GMRs of warfarin AUC0-∞ (90% confidence interval, CIs) for warfarin + imrecoxib: warfarin alone were 1.12 (1.08, 1.16) for R-warfarin and 1.13 (1.07, 1.18) for S- warfarin. The 90% CIs of the GMRs of AUC0-∞, Cmax and INR (AUC) were all within a 0.8–1.25 interval. The combination of warfarin and imrecoxib did not impact the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of single-dose warfarin; therefore, when treating a patient with imrecoxib and warfarin, it is not required to adjust the dosage of warfarin.
Accumulating crop functional trait data with citizen science
Authors: Isaac Marney E. , Martin Adam R.
Published: October 2019

Trait-based ecology is greatly informed by large datasets for the analyses of inter- and intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in plants. This is especially true in trait-based agricultural research where crop ITV is high, yet crop trait data remains limited. Based on farmer-led collections, we developed and evaluated the first citizen science plant trait initiative. Here we generated a dataset of eight leaf traits for a commercially important crop species (Daucus carota), sampled from two distinct regions in Canada, which is 25-fold larger than datasets available in existing trait databases. Citizen-collected trait data supported analyses addressing theoretical and applied questions related to (i) intraspecific trait dimensionality, (ii) the extent and drivers of ITV, and (iii) the sampling intensity needed to derive accurate trait values. Citizen science is a viable means to enhance functional trait data coverage across terrestrial ecosystems, and in doing so, can directly support theoretical and applied trait-based analyses of plants.
C9orf72-generated poly-GR and poly-PR do not directly interfere with nucleocytoplasmic transport
Authors: Vanneste Joni , Vercruysse Thomas , Boeynaems Steven , Sicart Adria , Van Damme Philip , Daelemans Dirk , Van Den Bosch Ludo
Published: October 2019

Repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia characterized by dipeptide-repeat protein (DPR) inclusions. The toxicity associated with two of these DPRs, poly-GR and poly-PR, has been associated with nucleocytoplasmic transport. To investigate the causal role of poly-GR or poly-PR on active nucleocytoplasmic transport, we measured nuclear import and export in poly-GR or poly-PR expressing Hela cells, neuronal-like SH-SY5Y cells and iPSC-derived motor neurons. Our data strongly indicate that poly-GR and poly-PR do not directly impede active nucleocytoplasmic transport.
Acute effects of different static stretching exercises orders on cardiovascular and autonomic responses
Authors: Costa e Silva Gabriel , Costa Pablo B. , da Conceição Rodrigo Rodrigues , Pimenta Leonardo , de Almeida Roberto L. , Sato Monica A.
Published: October 2019

The present study examined the acute effects of static stretching (SS) exercise order on cardiac responses. Seventeen individuals were submitted to two experimental SS session: Order “A” (larger to small muscles groups) and Order “B” (small to larger muscles groups). Heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), rate-pressure product (RPP) oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at rest, midpoint of the session, immediately after the session, and in 5, 10, and 20 minutes after. SS increased HR and RPP in both orders, while reducing the rMSSD index and SpO2. In the order “A”, the SBP and DBP increased at the midpoint of the session. In the order “B”, the SBP and DBP increased only immediately after the end of the session. DBP and RPP significantly higher in order “A” compared to order “B” in the midpoint of the session. It was also demonstrated higher values of DBP and minor mean R-R intervals in order “B” at 10 min-post session. SS increased cardiac overload in both performed orders. The overload generated by the SS of the larger muscles groups was greater when compared to the smaller muscles groups, suggesting that the exercise order interferes in cardiac overload.
Surface modification of polyester fabric using plasma-dendrimer for robust immobilization of glucose oxidase enzyme
Authors: Morshed Mohammad Neaz , Behary Nemeshwaree , Bouazizi Nabil , Guan Jinping , Chen Guoqiang , Nierstrasz Vincent
Published: October 2019

Robust immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme was achieved on poly(ethylene terephthalate) nonwoven fabric (PN) after integration of favourable surface functional groups through plasma treatments [atmospheric pressure-AP or cold remote plasma-CRP (N2 + O2)] and/or chemical grafting of hyperbranched dendrimers [poly-(ethylene glycol)-OH or poly-(amidoamine)]. Absorption, stability, catalytic behavior of immobilized enzymes and reusability of resultant fibrous bio-catalysts were comparatively studied. Full characterization of PN before and after respective modifications was carried out by various analytical, instrumental and arithmetic techniques. Results showed that modified polyester having amine terminal functional groups pledged better surface property providing up to 31% enzyme loading, and 81% active immobilized enzymes. The activity of the enzyme was measured in terms of interaction aptitude of GOx in a given time to produce hydrogen peroxide using colorimetric assay. The immobilized GOx retained 50% of its original activity after being reused six (06) times and exhibited improved stability compared with the free enzyme in relation to temperature. The reaction kinetics, loading efficiency, leaching, and reusability analysis of enzyme allowed drawing a parallel to the type of organic moiety integrated during GOx immobilization. In addition, resultant fibrous bio-catalysts showed substantial antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria strains (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli) in the presence of oxygen and glucose. These results are of great importance because they provide proof-of-concept for robust immobilization of enzymes on surface-modified fibrous polyester fabric for potential bio-industrial applications.
Prediction and Analysis of Skin Cancer Progression using Genomics Profiles of Patients
Authors: Bhalla Sherry , Kaur Harpreet , Dhall Anjali , Raghava Gajendra P. S.
Published: October 2019

The metastatic Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM) has been associated with diminished survival rates and high mortality rates worldwide. Thus, segregating metastatic melanoma from the primary tumors is crucial to employ an optimal therapeutic strategy for the prolonged survival of patients. The SKCM mRNA, miRNA and methylation data of TCGA is comprehensively analysed to recognize key genomic features that can segregate metastatic and primary tumors. Further, machine learning models have been developed using selected features to distinguish the same. The Support Vector Classification with Weight (SVC-W) model developed using the expression of 17 mRNAs achieved Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.95 and an accuracy of 89.47% on an independent validation dataset. This study reveals the genes C7, MMP3, KRT14, LOC642587, CASP7, S100A7 and miRNAs hsa-mir-205 and hsa-mir-203b as the key genomic features that may substantially contribute to the oncogenesis of melanoma. Our study also proposes genes ESM1, NFATC3, C7orf4, CDK14, ZNF827, and ZSWIM7 as novel putative markers for cutaneous melanoma metastasis. The major prediction models and analysis modules to predict metastatic and primary tumor samples of SKCM are available from a webserver, CancerSPP (http://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/cancerspp/).
Estimation of material parameters based on precipitate shape: efficient identification of low-error region with Gaussian process modeling
Authors: Tsukada Yuhki , Takeno Shion , Karasuyama Masayuki , Fukuoka Hitoshi , Shiga Motoki , Koyama Toshiyuki
Published: October 2019

In this study, an efficient method for estimating material parameters based on the experimental data of precipitate shape is proposed. First, a computational model that predicts the energetically favorable shape of precipitate when a d-dimensional material parameter (x) is given is developed. Second, the discrepancy (y) between the precipitate shape obtained through the experiment and that predicted using the computational model is calculated. Third, the Gaussian process (GP) is used to model the relation between x and y. Finally, for identifying the “low-error region (LER)” in the material parameter space where y is less than a threshold, we introduce an adaptive sampling strategy, wherein the estimated GP model suggests the subsequent candidate x to be sampled/calculated. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we apply it to the estimation of interface energy and lattice mismatch between MgZn2 ($${{\rm{\beta }}}_{1}^{\text{'}}$$

β

1

'

) and α-Mg phases in an Mg-based alloy. The result shows that the number of computational calculations of the precipitate shape required for the LER estimation is significantly decreased by using the proposed method.
Directed assembly of magnetic and semiconducting nanoparticles with tunable and synergistic functionality
Authors: Bartolo Mark , Amaral Jussi J. , Hirst Linda S. , Ghosh Sayantani
Published: October 2019

The ability to fabricate new materials using nanomaterials as building blocks, and with meta functionalities, is one of the most intriguing possibilities in the area of materials design and synthesis. Semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are co-dispersed in a liquid crystalline (LC) matrix and directed to form self-similar assemblies by leveraging the host’s thermotropic phase transition. These co-assemblies, comprising 6 nm CdSe/ZnS QDs and 5–20 nm Fe3O4 MNPs, bridge nano- to micron length scales, and can be modulated in situ by applied magnetic fields <250 mT, resulting in an enhancement of QD photoluminescence (PL). This effect is reversible in co-assemblies with 5 and 10 nm MNPs but demonstrates hysteresis in those with 20 nm MNPs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy reveal that at the nanoscale, while the QDs are densely packed into the center of the co-assemblies, the MNPs are relatively uniformly dispersed through the cluster volume. Using Lorentz TEM, it is observed that MNPs suspended in LC rotate to align with the applied field, which is attributed to be the cause of the observed PL increase at the micro-scale. This study highlights the critical role of correlating multiscale spectroscopy and microscopy characterization in order to clarify how interactions at the nanoscale manifest in microscale functionality.
Tear Down the Fluorescent Curtain: A New Fluorescence Suppression Method for Raman Microspectroscopic Analyses
Authors: Yakubovskaya Elena , Zaliznyak Tatiana , Martínez Martínez Joaquin , Taylor Gordon T.
Published: October 2019

The near exponential proliferation of published Raman microspectroscopic applications over the last decade bears witness to the strengths and versatility of this technology. However, laser-induced fluorescence often severely impedes its application to biological samples. Here we report a new approach for near complete elimination of laser-induced background fluorescence in highly pigmented biological specimens (e.g., microalgae) enabling interrogation by Raman microspectroscopy. Our simple chemiphotobleaching method combines mild hydrogen peroxide oxidation with broad spectrum visible light irradiation of the entire specimen. This treatment permits observing intracellular distributions of macromolecular pools, isotopic tracers, and even viral propagation within cells previously not amenable to Raman microspectroscopic examination. Our approach demonstrates the potential for confocal Raman microspectroscopy becoming an indispensable tool to obtain spatially-resolved data on the chemical composition of highly fluorescent biological samples from individual cells to environmental samples.
Stimulation of indigenous microbes by optimizing the water cut in low permeability reservoirs for green and enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Cui Kai , Zhang Zhiyong , Zhang Zhongzhi , Sun Shanshan , Li Hailan , Fu Pengcheng
Published: October 2019

Low permeability oil reservoirs are a widespread petroleum reservoir type all over the world. Therefore, methods to recover these reservoirs efficiently are of importance to guarantee energy supply. Here we report our novel stimulation of indigenous microbes by optimizing the water cut in low permeability reservoirs for green and enhanced oil recovery. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of indigenous bacterial communities with changes in water cut in reservoirs by high-throughput sequencing technology, and reveal the mechanism and characteristics of the crude oil biotreatment under different crude oil-water ratio conditions and the optimum activation time of indigenous functional microbial groups in reservoirs. The indigenous microbial metabolism products were characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Results showed that Acinetobacter (47.1%) and Pseudomones (19.8%) were the main functional genus of crude oil degradation at the optimal activation time, and can reduce the viscosity of crude oil from 8.33 to 5.75 mPa·s. The dominant bacteria genus for oil recovery after activation of the production fluids was similar to those in the reservoirs with water cut of 60–80%. Furthermore seven mechanism pathways of enhancing oil recovery by the synergistic of functional microbial groups and their metabolites under different water cut conditions in low permeability reservoirs have been established.
Ageing and amyloidosis underlie the molecular and pathological alterations of tau in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Metaxas Athanasios , Thygesen Camilla , Kempf Stefan J. , Anzalone Marco , Vaitheeswaran Ramanan , Petersen Sussanne , Landau Anne M. , Audrain Hélène , Teeling Jessica L. , Darvesh Sultan , Brooks David J. , Larsen Martin R. , Finsen Bente
Published: October 2019

Despite compelling evidence that the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) promotes neocortical MAPT (tau) aggregation in familial and idiopathic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), murine models of cerebral amyloidosis are not considered to develop tau-associated pathology. In the present study, we show that tau can accumulate spontaneously in aged transgenic APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice. Tau pathology is abundant around Aβ deposits, and further characterized by accumulation of Gallyas and thioflavin-S-positive inclusions, which were detected in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 brain at 18 months of age. Age-dependent increases in argyrophilia correlated positively with binding levels of the paired helical filament (PHF) tracer [18F]Flortaucipir, in all brain areas examined. Sarkosyl-insoluble PHFs were visualized by electron microscopy. Quantitative proteomics identified sequences of hyperphosphorylated and three-repeat tau in transgenic mice, along with signs of RNA missplicing, ribosomal dysregulation and disturbed energy metabolism. Tissue from the frontal gyrus of human subjects was used to validate these findings, revealing primarily quantitative differences between the tau pathology observed in AD patient vs. transgenic mouse tissue. As physiological levels of endogenous, ‘wild-type’ tau aggregate secondarily to Aβ in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice, this study suggests that amyloidosis is both necessary and sufficient to drive tauopathy in experimental models of familial AD.
Cannabidiol Regulates Gene Expression in Encephalitogenic T cells Using Histone Methylation and noncoding RNA during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Yang Xiaoming , Bam Marpe , Nagarkatti Prakash S. , Nagarkatti Mitzi
Published: October 2019

Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown by our laboratory to attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we used microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS)-based approaches to determine whether CBD would alter genome-wide histone modification and gene expression in MOG sensitized lymphocytes. We compared H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 marks in CD4+ T cells from naïve, EAE and CBD treated EAE mice by ChIP-seq. Although the overall methylation level of these two histone marks did not change significantly, the signal intensity and coverage differed in individual genes, suggesting that CBD may modulate gene expression by altering histone methylation. Further analysis showed that these histone methylation signals were differentially enriched in the binding sites of certain transcription factors, such as ZNF143 and FoxA1, suggesting that these transcription factors may play important roles in CBD mediated immune modulation. Using microarray analysis, we found that the expression pattern of many EAE-induced genes was reversed by CBD treatment which was consistent with its effect on attenuating the clinical symptoms of EAE. A unique finding of this study was that the expression of many miRNAs and lncRNAs was dramatically affected by CBD. In summary, this study demonstrates that CBD suppresses inflammation through multiple mechanisms, from histone methylation to miRNA to lncRNA.
Non-proteolytic calpain-6 interacts with VEGFA and promotes angiogenesis by increasing VEGF secretion
Authors: Oh Mijung , Rho Seung Bae , Son Chaeyeun , Park Kyoungsook , Song Sang Yong
Published: October 2019

Angiogenesis is involved in both normal physiological and pathological conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major factor for promoting angiogenesis. The current anti-VEGF therapies have limited efficacy and significant adverse effects. To find novel targets of VEGFA for angiogenesis inhibition, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening and identified calpain-6 as a novel VEGFA-interaction partner and confirmed the endogenous VEGFA–calpain-6 interaction in mammalian placenta. A domain mapping study revealed that the Gly321–Asp500 domain in calpain-6 is required for the interaction with the C-terminus of the VEGFA protein. The functional significance of the VEGFA–calpain-6 interaction was explored by assessing its effect on angiogenesis in vitro. Whereas forced overexpression of calpain-6 increased the secretion of the VEGF protein and tube formation, knockdown of calpain-6 expression abrogated the calpain-6-mediated VEGF secretion and tube formation in HUVECs. Consistent with the domain mapping result, overexpressing calpain-6 without the VEGFA-interacting domain III (Gly321–Asp500) failed to increase the secretion of VEGF protein. Our results identify calpain-6, an unconventional non-proteolytic calpain, as a novel VEGFA-interacting protein and demonstrate that their interaction is necessary to enhance VEGF secretion. Thus, calpain-6 might be a potential molecular target for angiogenesis inhibition in many diseases.
Male and female cichlid fish show cognitive inhibitory control ability
Authors: Brandão Manuela Lombardi , Fernandes Ana Marina Tabah de Almeida , Gonçalves-de-Freitas Eliane
Published: October 2019

Inhibitory control is a way to infer cognitive flexibility in animals by inhibiting a behavioral propensity to obtain a reward. Here we tested whether there are differences in inhibitory control between females and males of the fish Nile tilapia owing to their distinct reproductive roles. Individuals were tested under a detour-reaching paradigm, consisting of training fish to feed behind an opaque barrier and, thereafter, testing them with a transparent one. Fish is expected to avoid trying to cross through the transparent barrier to achieve food (reward), thus showing inhibitory control by recovering the learned detour with the opaque apparatus. Both males and females learned to detour the transparent barrier with similar scores of correct responses, whereas females reached the food faster. This result is probably associated to their different sex roles in reproduction: females care for the eggs and fry inside their mouth (thus requiring a high inhibitory control not to swallow them), whereas males have to stay inside the territory defending it against intruder males, which also demands some inhibitory ability not to leave the spawning site and take the risk of losing it. Furthermore, this evidence of cognitive flexibility can enable social fish to deal with unpredictable interactions.
Effect of temperature on capping efficiency of zeolite and activated carbon under fabric mats for interrupting nutrient release from sediments
Authors: Hong Seung-Hee , Lee Jae-In , Lee Chang-Gu , Park Seong-Jik
Published: October 2019

We investigated the influence of temperature on the capping efficiency to interrupt the release of nutrients from lake sediments. A 3-cm layer of Zeolite (ZL) or activated carbon (AC) was placed on the contaminated sediments, and nonwoven fabric mats (NWFM) were placed on top of these capping materials. Laboratory incubation experiments were performed under three different temperatures, namely 4, 15, and 30 °C. Under the uncapped condition at 30 °C, dissolved oxygen (DO) was depleted after 30 days, while at 4 °C and 15 °C, DO was present until the end of this experiment. DO concentration in overlying water was more dependent on the temperature than capping condition. ZL/NWFM effectively blocked the release of N from the sediments, and the capping efficiencies of ZL/NWFM for NH4-N at 4, 15, and 30 °C were 98%, 96%, and 94%, respectively. For the interruption of P release, both ZL/NWFM and AC/NWFM were not effective at 4 and 15 °C. At 30 °C, however, AC/NWFM was effective, and its capping efficiencies at 30 °C for PO4-P and T-P were 74.0% and 79.9%, respectively. In summary, nutrient release from sediments was accelerated at higher temperatures, and the effect of capping was significant at high temperature.
Proteomic and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry analysis of a Native American ceremonial hat
Authors: Cleland Timothy P. , Newsome G. Asher , Hollinger R. Eric
Published: October 2019

Complementary mass spectrometry analyses were performed to study a broken ceremonial hat of the Tlingit in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History.
A biomimetic cerium-based biosensor for the direct visual detection of phosphate under physiological conditions
Authors: Rossel Thibaud , Creus Marc
Published: October 2019

An indicator displacement assay (IDA) was used to probe phosphate ions in an aqueous medium at neutral pH using a dinuclear cerium based complex [Ce2(HXTA)]3+.
Slow magnetic relaxation in a high-spin pentacoordinate Fe(iii) complex
Authors: Rajnák Cyril , Titiš Ján , Moncoľ Ján , Renz Franz , Boča Roman
Published: October 2019

A mononuclear pentacoordinate iron(iii) complex shows slow magnetic relaxation with three relaxation channels.
An aqueous solution method towards Sb2S3 thin films for photoanodes
Authors: Zhong Panping , Xie Juan , Bagheri Robabeh , Yi Qinghua , Chen Qi , Tan Jingrou , He Liang , Zhang Fayun , Zhang Labao , Zou Guifu
Published: October 2019

An aqueous solution approach, integrating atomic layer deposition and chemical vapor deposition, is proposed to grow high-quality Sb2S3 thin films.
Electrosynthesis of amino acids from biomass-derivable acids on titanium dioxide
Authors: Fukushima Takashi , Yamauchi Miho
Published: October 2019

Amino acids were electrochemically synthesized from biomass-derivable α-keto acids and water with high faradaic efficiencies using safe and earth-abundant TiO2.
Exogenous-oxidant- and catalyst-free electrochemical deoxygenative C2 sulfonylation of quinoline N-oxides
Authors: Jiang Minbao , Yuan Yong , Wang Tao , Xiong Yunkui , Li Jun , Guo Huijiao , Lei Aiwen
Published: October 2019

By employing quinoline N-oxides as the starting materials, the electrochemical C–H sulfonylation of electron-deficient quinolines was indirectly achieved at room temperature.
Spin–orbit coupling in magnetoelectric Ba3(Zn1−xCox)2Fe24O41 hexaferrites
Authors: Xu Chao , Zhang An-Lei , Feng Zhenjie , Lu Wenlai , Kang Baojuan , Zhang Jincang , Ge Jun-Yi , Cao Shixun
Published: October 2019

Z-type hexaferrites Ba3(Zn1−xCox)2Fe24O41 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, defined as Z1–Z4) were synthesized by a sol–gel method.
Fe-Doped α-MnO2 nanorods for the catalytic removal of NOx and chlorobenzene: the relationship between lattice distortion and catalytic redox properties
Authors: Fan Chi , Li Kezhi , Peng Yue , Duan Rui , Hu Fangyun , Jing Qinchao , Chen Jianjun , Li Junhua
Published: October 2019

Controllably tuning redox performance is one of the key targets in catalysis.
Chemoselective reduction of quinoline over Rh–C60 nanocatalysts
Authors: Luo Zhishan , Min Yuanyuan , Nechiyil Divya , Bacsa Wolfgang , Tison Yann , Martinez Hervé , Lecante Pierre , Gerber Iann C. , Serp Philippe , Axet M. Rosa
Published: October 2019

Highly selective hydrogenation of quinoline by electron-deficient Rh species containing fullerene.
Faba bean protein flours added to pasta reduce post-ingestion glycaemia, and increase satiety, protein content and quality
Authors: Chan Catherine K. Y. , Fabek Hrvoje , Mollard Rebecca C. , Jones Peter J. H. , Tulbek Mehmet C. , Chibbar Ravindra N. , Gangola Manu P. , Ramadoss Bharathi Raja , Sánchez-Hernández Diana , Anderson G. Harvey
Published: October 2019

Durum Wheat Semolina (DWS) pastas with added fababean (FB) protein flour reduce postprandial blood glucose and appetite and have higher nutritional quality.
Tailor-made biofuel 2-butyltetrahydrofuran from the continuous flow hydrogenation and deoxygenation of furfuralacetone
Authors: Strohmann Marc , Bordet Alexis , Vorholt Andreas J. , Leitner Walter
Published: October 2019

In this work, we present the first continuous flow process to produce the tailored biofuel 2-butyltetrahydrofuran from renewable resources.
Boosting the utilization efficiency of glucose via a favored C–C coupling reaction
Authors: Jing Yaxuan , Zhang Yayun , Lv Qing , Guo Yong , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Yanqin
Published: October 2019

The efficient utilization of renewable glucose has enormous potential to reduce the excessive dependence on fossil resources, but remains challenging owing to the inevitable formation of undesirable humins and multistep processes.
Marine natural products from zoantharians: bioactivity, biosynthesis, systematics, and ecological roles
Authors: Guillen Paul O. , Jaramillo Karla B. , Genta-Jouve Grégory , Thomas Olivier P.
Published: October 2019

The dazzling marine zoantharians represent a reservoir of chemical diversity that remains to be unveiled. These fragile animals have so far been found to harbour the highly bioactive palytoxins or zoanthamines but also the harmless ecdysteroids or zoanthozanthins.
Enhanced electrochromic switches and tunable green fluorescence based on terbium ion doped WO3 films
Authors: Shen Luying , Zheng Jianming , Xu Chunye
Published: October 2019

Porous network WO3 films with the dual functions of enhanced electrochromic switching and green-colored emission are obtained by terbium-doping using a hydrothermal method.
Hot electron injection into semiconducting polymers in polymer based-perovskite solar cells and their fate
Authors: Jiménez-López Jesús , Puscher Bianka M. D. , Cambarau Werther , Fink Rainer H. , Palomares Emilio , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: October 2019

Injection of hot electrons into low band-gap semiconductor polymers results in a charge carrier loss pathway in perovskite solar cells.
Transitions between nanomechanical and continuum mechanical contacts: new insights from liquid structure
Authors: Chen Shu Jian , Chen Wei Qiang , Ouyang Yubing , Matthai Stephan , Zhang Lihai
Published: October 2019

This work reveals the transitions between nanomechanical and continuum contact behaviours at wet quartz interfaces, providing new ways to quantify the liquid structure of interfacial water to study the origin of nanomechanical contact behaviour.
A hierarchical layering design for stable, self-restrained and high volumetric binder-free lithium storage
Authors: Zhang Xinghao , Wang Denghui , Zhang Siyuan , Li Xianglong , Zhi Linjie
Published: October 2019

A hierarchical layering design of silicon anodes is developed, showing excellent reversibility, superior volumetric capacity, and limited electrode volume variation when being directly used as the lithium ion battery anode.
Chemical advances in additive manufacturing
Authors: Boydston Andrew J. , Nelson Alshakim
Published: October 2019

Andrew J. Boydston and Alshakim Nelson introduce this themed issue for Polymer Chemistry on chemical advances in additive manufacturing.
Structural, electrochemical and photophysical behavior of Ru(ii) complexes with large bite angle sulfur-bridged terpyridyl ligands
Authors: Brown Christopher M. , Arsenault Nicole E. , Cross Trevor N. K. , Hean Duane , Xu Zhen , Wolf Michael O.
Published: October 2019

Sulfur-bridged terpyridyl ligands expand the bite angles in Ru(ii) species leading to geometries very close to that of a “perfect” octahedron. Altering the donor strength of substituents results in systematic tuning of the redox properties.
Dielectric ceramics/TiO2/single-crystalline silicon nanomembrane heterostructure for high performance flexible thin-film transistors on plastic substrates
Authors: Qin Guoxuan , Pei Zhihui , Zhang Yibo , Lan Kuibo , Li Quanning , Li Lingxia , Yu Shihui , Chen Xuejiao
Published: October 2019

Dielectric ceramics/TiO2/single-crystalline silicon nanomembrane heterostructure for high performance flexible thin-film transistors.
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry technology and high-throughput metabolomics for deciphering the preventive mechanism of mirabilite on colorectal cancer via the modulation of complex metabolic networks
Authors: Sun Hui , Zhang Ai-hua , Zhang Hong-lian , Zhou Xiao-hang , Wang Xiang-qian , Liu Liang , Wang Xi-jun
Published: October 2019

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly virulent and malignant disease and always accompanied by metabolic disorders.
Fabrication of centrifugally spun prepared poly(lactic acid)/gelatin/ciprofloxacin nanofibers for antimicrobial wound dressing
Authors: Xia Lei , Lu Linlin , Liang Yuxia , Cheng Bowen
Published: October 2019

Centrifugal spinning is a novel technology for producing ultrafine fibers in high yield with diameters ranging from micro to nanometers.
Evaluation of different b-values in DWI and 1H MRS for pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis: a rabbit model
Authors: Hao Liguo , Liu Lijie , Meng Xin , Yu Guanghao , Li Enbang , Gu Hongqian
Published: October 2019

Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor with high incidence of metastasis. Currently, there is no absolute standard for the choice of b-value for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for pancreatic cancer. The b-value is rarely reported in animal model study, especially in pancreatic cancer/mass pancreatitis rabbit models. The authors’ aim was to determine the different b-values to differentiate the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and mass pancreatitis in rabbit models using DWI. When comparing the effect of different b-values in diagnostic process, the pathological results could be regarded as the gold standard. In this research, 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits were selected and divided into three groups by random number table method: group 1 (pancreatic cancer), group 2 (mass pancreatitis) and the control group (healthy). After DWI (three different b-values 333, 667, 1000 s/mm2, respectively) and MRI examination, the model rabbits were then killed. Afterward, the tumor mass was removed for biopsy, and occupation anatomy and tumor histopathology were examined. Fat-suppressing sequences of T2WI, DWI, ADC, difference of ADC (DADC), and MRS were used. The present study determined that the effective differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis was determined at low b-values (333 s/mm2) when performed DWI inspection in rabbit models.
Homocysteine and psoriasis
Authors: Lin Xiran , Meng Xianmin , Song Zhiqi
Published: October 2019

Psoriasis is caused by a complex interplay among the immune system, genetic background, autoantigens, and environmental factors. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis have a significantly higher serum homocysteine (Hcy) level and a higher prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy). Insufficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12 can be a cause of HHcy in psoriasis. Hcy may promote the immuno-inflammatory process in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by activating Th1 and Th17 cells and neutrophils, while suppressing regulatory T cells. Moreover, Hcy can drive the immuno-inflammatory process by enhancing the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in related to psoriasis. Hcy can induce nuclear factor kappa B activation, which is critical in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. There may be a link between the oxidative stress state in psoriasis and the effect of HHcy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may play a protective role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the deficiency of H2S in psoriasis may be caused by HHcy. As the role of Hcy in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is most likely established, Hcy can be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of psoriasis. Systemic folinate calcium, a folic acid derivative, and topical vitamin B12 have found to be effective in treating psoriasis.
Multifaceted roles of porin in mitochondrial protein and lipid transport
Authors: Endo Toshiya , Sakaue Haruka
Published: October 2019

Mitochondria are essential eukaryotic organelles responsible for primary cellular energy production. Biogenesis, maintenance, and functions of mitochondria require correct assembly of resident proteins and lipids, which require their transport into and within mitochondria. Mitochondrial normal functions also require an exchange of small metabolites between the cytosol and mitochondria, which is primarily mediated by a metabolite channel of the outer membrane (OM) called porin or voltage-dependent anion channel. Here, we describe recently revealed novel roles of porin in the mitochondrial protein and lipid transport. First, porin regulates the formation of the mitochondrial protein import gate in the OM, the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex, and its dynamic exchange between the major form of a trimer and the minor form of a dimer. The TOM complex dimer lacks a core subunit Tom22 and mediates the import of a subset of mitochondrial proteins while the TOM complex trimer facilitates the import of most other mitochondrial proteins. Second, porin interacts with both a translocating inner membrane (IM) protein like a carrier protein accumulated at the small TIM chaperones in the intermembrane space and the TIM22 complex, a downstream translocator in the IM for the carrier protein import. Porin thereby facilitates the efficient transfer of carrier proteins to the IM during their import. Third, porin facilitates the transfer of lipids between the OM and IM and promotes a back-up pathway for the cardiolipin synthesis in mitochondria. Thus, porin has roles more than the metabolite transport in the protein and lipid transport into and within mitochondria, which is likely conserved from yeast to human.
Recent trends in MPLS networks: technologies, applications and challenges
Authors: Ridwan Mohammad Azmi , Radzi Nurul Asyikin Mohamed , Wan Ahmad Wan Siti Halimatul Munirah , Abdullah Fairuz , Jamaludin Md.Zaini , Zakaria Mohd Nasim
Published: October 2019

Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks are packet‐based networks that offer considerable advantages, including improved network utilisation, reduced network latency, and the ability to meet the quality of service and strict level agreement requirements of any incoming traffic. A vast number of applications are now migrating to packet‐based conditions that cause increased pressure on network providers to change their systems. Innovations and improvements on MPLS are still on‐going to ensure that such networks can cater to the ever‐increasing bandwidth demand whenever required. This study provides a review of MPLS networks and their promising technologies, such as traffic engineering, protection and restoration, differentiated services, and MPLS‐transport profile (MPLS‐TP) and its applications. This work also reviews recent issues on MPLS networks and discusses the implementation of MPLS‐TP networks in the power grid. A review of recent literature shows that researchers should be careful in proposing new protocols or designs for MPLS to ensure that it achieves the most efficient and optimal performance. Furthermore, it can be concluded that although MPLS is a promising technology for future networks, there are challenges to overcome with regards to security and network flexibility, especially as far as migration to MPLS‐TP is concerned.
Optical polar based MIMO‐OFDM with fully generalised index‐spatial LED modulation
Authors: Hussein Hany S.
Published: October 2019

A novel efficient visible light communication (VLC) modulation technique teams as polar fully generalised index‐spatial (PFGIS) modulation light emitting diode (LED) for the multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) optical polar based OFDM (MIMO‐POFDM) system is proposed here. The PFGIS is a spectrally efficient (SE) modulation scheme which introduces an elegant solution to tackle the OFDM signal shaping problem, moreover, the PFGIS improves the optical MIMO‐OFDM system SE. In the PFGIS, the Cartesian complex OFDM signal is transformed to polar OFDM (POFDM). Then, the indices of the active LEDs are exploited to convey the POFDM signal components. While, the spatial position of the LEDs are exploited as a spatial modulation (SM). In the SM, the LEDs indices used for data transmission are changed from the case of two LEDs are selected to case where all/multiple LEDs are selected. Subsequently, the proposed system achievable data rate is linearly increased with the LEDs number. The PFGIS gives higher SE even with a lower LEDs number compared with the recently OFDM optical LED index modulation techniques. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed PFGIS in improving both the achievable data rate and the bit error rate compared with the up‐to‐date LED index modulation OFDM schemes.
Fast clustering‐based multidimensional scaling for mobile networks localisation
Authors: Fan Yingsheng , Qi Xiaogang , Li Bo , Liu Lifang
Published: October 2019

This study considers the problem of localisation in mobile networks, a cooperative localisation algorithm based on fast clustering–multidimensional scaling (FC–MDS) is proposed. Firstly, a FC strategy suitable for mobile networks is given. In the inner‐cluster relative localisation stage, the authors combine the advantages of classical MDS with iterative MDS. In the inter‐cluster coordinate registration stage, the least squares based coordinate transformation method is used to reduce the registration error. Extensive simulation results show that the normalised root mean square error of the location estimates of FC–MDS close to Cramer–Rao lower bound, and the localisation accuracy of the irregular network is comparable to that of the regular network. The per‐time instant running time of FC–MDS is significantly lower than the iterative algorithm MDS–MAP (P, R).
Exact and approximate algorithms for clustering problem in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Yarinezhad Ramin , Hashemi Seyed Naser
Published: October 2019

Clustering is an effective method for improving the network lifetime and the overall scalability of a wireless sensor network. The problem of balancing the load of the cluster heads is called load‐balanced clustering problem (LBCP), which is an NP‐hard problem. In this study, the authors use parameterised complexity to cope with this NP‐hard problem. The authors show that LBCP can be solved by a k‐additive approximation algorithm with a running time of , where k is an upper bound on the maximum load assigned to the cluster heads and n is the input size. Also, LBCP is FPT with respect to the maximum load of the sensor nodes and the number of sensor nodes. The authors propose an fpt‐algorithm with respect to these parameters for this problem. In addition, they prove that LBCP is when the number of the cluster heads is selected as the parameter.
Optimisation of the transmission capacity of cognitive networks
Authors: Pimentel Heloisa Peixoto de Barros , Cardieri Paulo
Published: October 2019

Cognitive radio technology enables two wireless networks, namely a primary network and a secondary network, to operate in the same geographic region sharing the same spectrum. Primary users have priority to access the spectrum without taking into account the presence of secondary users, while secondary users have to limit their interference in order not to disturb the operation of primary users. This work analyses a cognitive network in which the secondary network can adapt its parameters, in order to exploit any available opportunity for secondary capacity improvement, under the restriction that these adjustments cannot cause any additional harm to primary users. Using Poisson point process modelling, the authors present a closed‐form formulation to adjust the secondary modulation order, user density, and transmit power, in order to maximise the secondary capacity, without causing any additional disturbance to primary users, and keeping the quality of secondary transmissions above a minimum acceptable level. The formulation proposed allows us to gain meaningful insights regarding the interrelationship involving some network parameters and performance metrics.
Trajectory tracking control of a four mecanum wheeled mobile platform: an extended state observer‐based sliding mode approach
Authors: Yuan Zhenyi , Tian Yingxin , Yin Yunfei , Wang Siyi , Liu Jianxing , Wu Ligang
Published: October 2019

This study proposes an extended state observer‐based sliding mode control (ESO‐SMC) strategy for trajectory tracking of a four mecanum wheeled mobile platform (FMWMP) with unknown disturbances and model uncertainties (UDMU) considered. Especially, the extended state observer (ESO) is designed to estimate not only the UDMU but also the unmeasured velocities of FMWMP. Based on the designed ESO, a sliding mode control (SMC) scheme is utilised to ensure the tracking performance as expected. By using Lyapunov synthesis, it is shown that all the signals of the whole system can be guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, simulations and experiments are carried out with two different kinds of reference trajectories. Furthermore, a comparative work is done to show that the ESO‐SMC controller has better control performance than traditional proportional–integral–derivative controller.
Calibration technology and application of laser power meter
Authors: Xu Bai
Published: October 2019

Based on laser power meter calibration requirements, through the purchase of standard equipment and field monitoring equipment developed, standard laser detector, optical path related equipment, such as construction of laser radiation power meter calibration test system, implementation of laser power meter of laboratory test and vehicle, large equipment form a complete set of laser power meter field test and field test of the radiated power of the laser equipment. Calibration system is introduced in detail the composition and working principle of the uncertainty of the system are analysed in detail, and through the system stability test, laser power, beam monitoring and correction device performance test, ate test for power meter calibration experiment data analysis, proved in this study, the laser power meter calibration method provided will enable calibration system, the expanded uncertainty of relative reached 2% (k  = 2), which can realise wavelength of 532 and 1064 nm, power measuring the range of 0.1 mW–20 W laser power meter calibration.
The MURALES survey
Authors: Balmaverde B. , Capetti A. , Marconi A. , Venturi G. , Chiaberge M. , Baldi R. D. , Baum S. , Gilli R. , Grandi P. , Meyer E. , Miley G. , O’Dea C. , Sparks W. , Torresi E. , Tremblay G.
Published: October 2019

We present observations of a complete sub-sample of 20 radio galaxies from the Third Cambridge Catalog (3C) with redshift < 0.3 obtained from VLT/MUSE optical integral field spectrograph. These data have been obtained as part of the survey MURALES (a MUse RAdio Loud Emission line Snapshot survey) with the main goal of exploring the active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback process in a sizeable sample of the most powerful radio sources at low redshift. We present the data analysis and, for each source, the resulting emission line images and the 2D gas velocity field. Thanks to their unprecedented depth (the median 3σ surface brightness limit in the emission line maps is 6 × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2), these observations reveal emission line structures extending to several tens of kiloparsec in most objects. In nine sources the gas velocity shows ordered rotation, but in the other cases it is highly complex. 3C sources show a connection between radio morphology and emission line properties. Whereas, in three of the four Fanaroff and Riley Class I radio galaxies (FR Is), the line emission regions are compact, ∼1 kpc in size; in all but one of the Class II radiogalaxies FR IIs, we detected large scale structures of ionized gas with a median extent of 17 kpc. Among the FR IIs, those of high and low excitation show extended gas structures with similar morphological properties, suggesting that they both inhabit regions characterized by a rich gaseous environment on kpc scale.