bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theatre nurses in court
Authors: Solon Mark , Bond Catherine
Published: December 2017

we live in a litigious society. Patients are now very willing to sue when procedures in hospital go wrong. The lawyers who conduct the cases often need experienced nurses to act as expert witnesses to look at the facts of each case to advice on how things should have been done. Many such nurse experts earn a considerable secondary source of income by doing such work.
Volar locking plate fixation versus external fixation of distal radius fractures: a meta-analysis
Authors: Gouk Conor J. C. , Bindra Randip R. , Tarrant Drew J. , Thomas Michael J. E.
Published: December 2017

This meta-analysis evaluates reported outcomes of volar locking plates versus external fixation for management of distal radius fractures. A comprehensive literature search was carried out using PubMed, embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library. Multiple outcomes were analysed: study characteristics, objective/subjective outcome measures, radiographic parameters, and complication rates. Nine studies containing 780 participants met the outlined inclusion criteria. Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand scores significantly favoured volar locking plates, but only at 3 months was the difference clinically meaningful. Grip strength, extension, and supination were better in the volar locking plates group in the early post-operative period, but were similar at 12 months. Ulnar variance was better restored by volar locking plates. The volar locking plates group was associated with higher re-operation rate, and the external fixation group had a higher infection rate. Current literature suggests that volar locking plates can provide better subjective scores and radiographic parameters, especially in the first 3 months, but may be associated with a higher re-operation rate.
The minimally invasive approach for distal radius fractures and malunions
Authors: Liverneaux Philippe A.
Published: December 2017

This article reviews the author’s currently used minimal invasive approach for volar plating of distal radius fractures. A single longitudinal incision of 1.5 cm is drawn on the lateral aspect of the flexor carpi radialis tendon in order to insert a plate under the pronator quadratus. With the wrist flexed, the plate is applied on the anterior cortex of the radius to reduce the fracture. This approach offers the advantage of preserving ligamentotaxis, which facilitates the reduction, and the small scar improves the cosmetics. It is mainly indicated for extra-articular and simple intra-articular fractures of the distal radius. Relative contraindications are comminuted articular fractures in elderly osteoporotic patients. Functional and radiological results are comparable with those obtained with an extended flexor carpi radialis approach. My colleagues and I have used it for more than 2000 cases since 2012. This technique requires practise. Attempted conversion to a larger incision is possible in case of difficulty, but this is seldom necessary.
Multiphase computational fluid dynamics–conjugate heat transfer for spray cooling in the non-boiling regime
Authors: Langari M , Yang Z , Dunne JF , Jafari S , Pirault J-P , Long CA , Jose JT
Published: December 2017

A numerical study is described to predict, in the non-boiling regime, the heat transfer from a circular flat surface cooled by a full-cone spray of water at atmospheric pressure. Simulations based on coupled computational fluid dynamics and conjugate heat transfer are used to predict the detailed features of the fluid flow and heat transfer for three different spray conditions involving three mass fluxes between 3.5 and 9.43 kg/m2s corresponding to spray Reynolds numbers between 82 and 220, based on a 20 mm diameter target surface. A two-phase Lagrange–Eulerian modelling approach is adopted to resolve the spray-film flow dynamics. Simultaneous evaporation and condensation within the fluid film is modelled by solving the mass conservation equation at the film–continuum interface. Predicted heat transfer coefficients on the cooled surface are compared with published experimental data showing good agreement. The spray mass flux is confirmed to be the dominant factor for heat transfer in spray cooling, where single-phase convection within the thin fluid film on the flat surface is identified as the primary heat transfer mechanism. This enhancement of heat transfer, via single-phase convection, is identified to be the result of the discrete random nature of the droplets disrupting the surface of thin film.
Giant urethrocutaneous fistula following ritual circumcision in an infant with congenital anterior urethral diverticula
Authors: Moradi Mahmoudreza , Kaseb Kaveh , Rezaee Haress
Published: December 2017

Circumcision is the most common operation with multiple complications. One of these complications is surgical such as urethrocutaneous fistula due to traumatic and ischemic injury during the operation. A 9-month infant with a history of swelling on the ventral aspect of the penile urethra during micturition was circumcised ritually in 3 months of birth and 6 months later was referred to Imam Reza Hospital with giant ventral fistula in the distal of the penis.
Epidemiology of Injuries Sustained as a Result of Intentional Player Contact in High School Football, Ice Hockey, and Lacrosse: 2005-2006 Through 2015-2016
Authors: Bartley Justin H. , Murray Monica F. , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Pierpoint Lauren A. , Welton K. Linnea , McCarty Eric C. , Comstock R. Dawn
Published: December 2017

Background:

Lacrosse and ice hockey are quickly growing in popularity, while football remains the most popular sport among high school student-athletes. Injuries remain a concern, given the physical nature of these contact sports.

Purpose:

To describe the rates and patterns of injuries sustained as a result of intentional player contact in United States high school boys’ football, ice hockey, and lacrosse.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

We conducted a secondary analysis of High School RIO (Reporting Information Online) data, including exposure and injury data collected from a large sample of high schools in the United States from 2005-2006 through 2015-2016. Data were analyzed to calculate rates, assess patterns, and evaluate potential risk factors for player-to-player contact injuries.

Results:

A total of 34,532 injuries in boys’ football, ice hockey, and lacrosse occurred during 9,078,902 athlete-exposures (AEs), for a rate of 3.80 injuries per 1000 AEs in the 3 contact sports of interest. The risk of injuries was found to be greater in competition compared with practice for all 3 sports, with the largest difference in ice hockey (rate ratio, 8.28) and the smallest difference in lacrosse (rate ratio, 3.72). In all 3 contact sports, the most commonly injured body site in competition and practice caused by both tackling/checking and being tackled/checked was the head/face. However, a significantly greater proportion of concussions sustained in football were the result of tackling compared with being tackled (28.2% vs 24.1%, respectively). In addition, a significantly greater proportion of concussions were sustained in competition compared with practice for all 3 sports.

Conclusion:

This study is the first to collectively compare injury rates and injury patterns sustained from intentional player-to-player contact in boys’ high school football, ice hockey, and lacrosse. Notably, there was a relatively high risk of injuries and concussions during football practices.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptom Severities Are Differentially Associated With Hippocampal Subfield Volume Loss in Combat Veterans
Authors: Averill Christopher L. , Satodiya Ritvij M. , Scott J. Cobb , Wrocklage Kristen M. , Schweinsburg Brian , Averill Lynnette A. , Akiki Teddy J. , Amoroso Timothy , Southwick Steven M. , Krystal John H. , Abdallah Chadi G.
Published: December 2017

Background

Two decades of human neuroimaging research have associated volume reductions in the hippocampus with posttraumatic stress disorder. However, little is known about the distribution of volume loss across hippocampal subfields. Recent advances in neuroimaging methods have made it possible to accurately delineate 10 gray matter hippocampal subfields. Here, we apply a volumetric analysis of hippocampal subfields to data from a group of combat-exposed Veterans.

Method

Veterans (total, n = 68, posttraumatic stress disorder, n = 36; combat control, n = 32) completed high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging. Based on previously validated methods, hippocampal subfield volume measurements were conducted using FreeSurfer 6.0. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale assessed posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity; Beck Depression Inventory assessed depressive symptom severity. Controlling for age and intracranial volume, partial correlation analysis examined the relationship between hippocampal subfields and symptom severity. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using false discovery rate. Gender, intelligence, combat severity, comorbid anxiety, alcohol/substance use disorder, and medication status were investigated as potential confounds.

Results

In the whole sample, total hippocampal volume negatively correlated with Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Of the 10 hippocampal subfields, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale symptom severity negatively correlated with the hippocampus–amygdala transition area (HATA). Beck Depression Inventory scores negatively correlated with dentate gyrus, cornu ammonis 4 (CA4), HATA, CA2/3, molecular layer, and CA1. Follow-up analysis limited to the posttraumatic stress disorder group showed a negative correlation between Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale symptom severity and each of HATA, CA2/3, molecular layer, and CA4.

Conclusion

This study provides the first evidence relating posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms to abnormalities in the HATA, an anterior hippocampal region highly connected to prefrontal-amygdala circuitry. Notably, dentate gyrus abnormalities were associated with depression severity but not posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Future confirmatory studies should determine the extent to which dentate gyrus volume can differentiate between posttraumatic stress disorder- and depression-related pathophysiology.
汉字的性质
Authors: 苏培成
Published: December 2017

摘要

汉字的性质指的是汉字区别于其他文字的本质特征。汉字研究首先要认清汉字的性质。自索绪尔到布龙菲尔德到赵元任、吕叔湘认为汉字是语素文字，这种看法是正确的。本文还批评了两个层次符号的理论。周有光提出的文字三相分类法，充实了文字性质研究的内容。
A method of moments approach to model the electromagnetic response of multiple steel casings in a layered earth
Authors: Kohnke Colton , Liu Lifei , Streich Rita , Swidinsky Andrei
Published: December 2017

In oil and gas production environments, controlled-source electromagnetics can be used to aid brownfield exploration, development, and reservoir monitoring efforts. However, such environments typically have many highly conductive steel-cased wells in the area of interest. We have developed a modeling algorithm using a method of moments (MoM) approach to calculate the electromagnetic response of multiple 3D steel-cased wells of arbitrary geometry in a layered earth conductivity model. This approach involves dividing each casing into a collection of segments, each carrying a uniform current density. A matrix is computed that describes how the casing segments interact with each other electromagnetically. Then, we solve a linear system for the current within each casing segment, given a transmitter of arbitrary frequency and location. From these currents we are able to solve for the secondary electromagnetic fields produced solely by the casings at any point in our layered model, and we add these to the primary fields produced by the transmitter. To validate the algorithm, we compared results with a pseudoanalytic MoM algorithm for a single vertical casing in a half-space. We also compare results with a finite-element solution using Comsol Multiphysics for vertical and single tilted wells buried in various layered earth models. Our results indicate a good match between these different approaches, with tilted casings in a layered model requiring further study. Finally, we applied our algorithm to a realistic synthetic model with three casings (one vertical and two deviated) extending into a layered earth model containing the classic thin resistive layer. This example illustrates how the algorithm can be used to compute the electromagnetic response of multiple steel casings. The example also illustrates how the electromagnetic field changes due to the presence of the casings and how the casings may be used to inject the signal at depth.
The effects of 3D topography on controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric responses
Authors: Lin Changhong , Zhong Sumei , Auken Esben , Cai Hongzhu , Tan Handong , Peng Miao , Kong Wenxin
Published: December 2017

We have investigated the 3D topographic effects on controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric data. Two 3D topographic models are considered: a trapezoidal-hill model and a trapezoidal-valley model. Different responses are generated, including the amplitude of the electric field, the amplitude of the magnetic field, the apparent resistivity, and phase data. The responses distorted by the 3D topography are simulated for the source located next to and on the hill/valley. Our study indicates that all electric field, magnetic field, apparent resistivity, and phase data are influenced by 3D topography, but to different extents. These topographic effects depend on the transmission-receiver-topography geometry, the transmission frequency, earth resistivity, and the roughness of the surface. The effects in the near-field generated by topography in the survey area are quite different from those in the far-field because of the existence of the source. Compared with those in the far-field zone, the magnetic field and phase data in the near-field zone are less distorted, but more distortions can be found on the electric field and apparent resistivity data over the hill and valley models. Our results also indicate that not only can the 3D topography in the receiver area lead to strong distortions, but also that at the source position can lead to strong distortions. We concluded our study by quantifying the roughness with which the topographic distortion can be ignored, setting the accepted data distortion to a maximum of 10%.
Proteomic Profiling of Human Uterine Fibroids Reveals Upregulation of the Extracellular Matrix Protein Periostin
Authors: Jamaluddin M Fairuz B , Ko Yi-An , Kumar Manish , Brown Yazmin , Bajwa Preety , Nagendra Prathima B , Skerrett-Byrne David A , Hondermarck Hubert , Baker Mark A , Dun Matt D , Scott Rodney J , Nahar Pravin , Tanwar Pradeep S
Published: December 2017

The central characteristic of uterine fibroids is excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), which contributes to fibroid growth and bulk-type symptoms. Despite this, very little is known about patterns of ECM protein expression in fibroids and whether these are influenced by the most common genetic anomalies, which relate to MED12. We performed extensive genetic and proteomic analyses of clinically annotated fibroids and adjacent normal myometrium to identify the composition and expression patterns of ECM proteins in MED12 mutation–positive and mutation–negative uterine fibroids. Genetic sequencing of tissue samples revealed MED12 alterations in 39 of 65 fibroids (60%) from 14 patients. Using isobaric tagged–based quantitative mass spectrometry on three selected patients (n = 9 fibroids), we observed a common set of upregulated (>1.5-fold) and downregulated (<0.66-fold) proteins in small, medium, and large fibroid samples of annotated MED12 status. These two sets of upregulated and downregulated proteins were the same in all patients, regardless of variations in fibroid size and MED12 status. We then focused on one of the significant upregulated ECM proteins and confirmed the differential expression of periostin using western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. Our study defined the proteome of uterine fibroids and identified that increased ECM protein expression, in particular periostin, is a hallmark of uterine fibroids regardless of MED12 mutation status. This study sets the foundation for further investigations to analyze the mechanisms regulating ECM overexpression and the functional role of upregulated ECM proteins in leiomyogenesis.
ACETIC ACID AND SODIUM ACETATE MIXTURE AS AN AERATION CATALYST IN THE REMOVAL OF METALLIC IRON IN REDUCED ILMENITE
Authors: Truong Than Ngoc , Nguyen Thao Thi , Duong Binh Ngoc
Published: December 2017

Acetic acid and sodium acetate mixture (AASAM) was used as an aeration catalyst in the removal of metallic iron in reduced ilmenite. The efficiency of the catalyst was then compared to the standard ammonium chloride catalyst used in industry. Obtained results show that faster rate of iron removal could be achieved with AASAM while the molar concentrations of both AASAM and ammonium chloride were 0.1M. The highest rate of iron removal was achieved at the mixture proportion of 0.025M CH3COONa and 0.075M CH3COOH, aeration parameters of 70 C, solid/liquid ratio of 1/7 and air flow rate of 4.0 lit/min. At those experimental conditions, the aeration time was shortened from 9 hours when NH4Cl was used to 6 hours when AASAM was used. In both cases, the obtained rutile contains approx. 82% TiO2 and less than 0.5% metallic iron. The results indicated that AASAM could be used as a replacement for the NH4Cl catalyst in the aeration of reduced ilmenite.
ANALYSIS OF CRACK INITIATION AND PROPAGATION IN A PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMIC USING THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Biglar Mojtaba , Trzepiecinski Tomasz , Stachowicz Feliks , Gromada Magdalena
Published: December 2017

The subject of this paper is the analysis of crack initiation and propagation in barium titanate ceramic using the boundary element method. In micro-mechanical analyses, it is very important to have information on the real microstructure of a material. A barium titanate pellet was prepared using a solid-state technique. The boundary element method is used so that it can be combined with three different grain boundary formulations for the investigation of micro-mechanics as well as crack initiation and propagation in a piezoelectric actuator. In order to develop a numerical programming algorithm, suitable models of polycrystalline aggregate and representative volume elements have been prepared for boundary element analysis.
Análisis comparativo de dos sistemas de clasificación bioclimática aplicados en México
Authors: Hernández Cerda María Engracia , Ordoñez Díaz María de Jesús , Giménez de Azcárate Joaquín
Published: December 2017

Se comparan dos sistemas de clasificación climática, el de Köppen modificado por García (SM) usado en México, Centro y Suramérica, y el Bioclimático Global de Rivas-Martínez (WBCS), con aplicación mundial. Ambos utilizan elementos como la precipitación y la temperatura, para establecer distintas combinaciones y definir sus tipologías climáticas. El WBCS emplea, los promedios de precipitación, de temperaturas máximas y mínimas a partir de los que define los principales índices bioclimáticos. El SM emplea los promedios anuales y mensuales de precipitación y temperatura media para definir los diferentes grados de humedad y de temperatura.Se analizaron los datos de 1303 estaciones climatológicas con más de 30 años de información, previa aplicación de diferentes pruebas de homogeneidad. Los datos se clasificaron con los dos sistemas, y se compararon los Macrobioclimas y Bioclimas del WBCS con los subgrupos del SM. Con base en el mapa de climas de Köppen Modificado por García, escala uno a un millón, se elaboraron los mapas de Macrobioclimas y Bioclimas.Los dos sistemas tienen muchas semejanzas en las condiciones de humedad; no se encontraron equivalencias tan precisas entre los termotipos del WBCS y las zonas térmicas del SM, por la diferencia en los elementos climatológicos empleados en ambos.
Performative Künste in Äthiopien
Authors: Köppen Grit
Published: December 2017

Dynamik und stetige Transformationsprozesse prägen die aktuellen Kunstszenen von Addis Abeba. Aus strategischen Gründen gehen performative Künstler_innen Äthiopiens temporär auch Allianzen mit europäischen Kulturinstitutionen vor Ort ein. Durch eine Betrachtung der Geschichte und Ästhetik des äthiopischen Theaters und einer Analyse der strukturellen Bedingungen des Kunstfeldes macht Grit Köppen deutlich, dass der transkulturelle Austausch in der Kunst maßgeblich durch ein Gefüge politischer, ökonomischer, struktureller, materieller und diskursiver Machtrelationen gekennzeichnet ist. Gleichzeitig wird auf die ästhetischen Strategien performativer Künstler_innen verwiesen, in diesem Rahmen dennoch kritische, selbstreflexive und postkoloniale Artikulationen vorzunehmen.
Das Pophörspiel
Authors: Rinke Günter
Published: December 2017

Das Hörspiel als genuine Radiokunst blieb von den Veränderungen des Radios im Zeitalter des Pop nicht unbeeinflusst. Analog zu dem in der Literaturwissenschaft längst eingeführten Begriff »Popliteratur« kann daher heute vom »Pophörspiel« gesprochen werden, das bereits vielfältige Formen ausgebildet hat. Basierend auf Theorieansätzen der Hörspiel-, Medien- und Poptheorie stellt Günter Rinke die medienübergreifenden Aspekte dieser akustischen Kunstwerke dar. Dabei betrachtet er die Gattung nicht isoliert, sondern fasst Hörspiele als Teil umfassender medienkünstlerischer und intermedialer Konzepte auf, die von zahlreichen bekannten Autoren, Theatermachern und Musikern verfolgt werden.
Solidarität und Solidarismus
Authors: Große Kracht Hermann-Josef
Published: December 2017

Der Begriff der Solidarität, der in der Zeit nach der Französischen Revolution geprägt wurde, steht in einer spezifischen Spannung zu den liberalen Sozialtheorien des 18. Jahrhunderts. Während er in den Sozialwissenschaften, bei Comte und Durkheim, als zentrale Beschreibungskategorie arbeitsteiliger Gesellschaften fungiert, avanciert er im Solidarismus der Jahrhundertwende (u.a. bei Léon Bourgeois) zum republikanischen Legitimationskonzept des entstehenden Wohlfahrtsstaates. Im 20. Jahrhundert erlebt er dann jedoch theoretisch und programmatisch einen eigentümlichen Niedergang. Hermann-Josef Große Kracht wirft in seiner Ideengeschichte des Solidaritätsbegriffes die Frage nach einem ›Neustart solidaristischer Vernunft‹ auf.
El productor silencioso: destino del gran actor de la modernización de los años 1960-70 en la actual copresencia de agriculturas de la región pampeana argentina // The silent farmer: destiny of the great actor of the modernization of the years 1960–70 in the current copresence of agricultures in the Argentina Pampa
Authors: Albaladejo Christophe , Cittadini Roberto
Published: December 2017

En la región pampeana argentina, pese a las declaraciones de muchos actores y afirmaciones en la literatura, estimamos que el modelo de agricultura del agribusiness representado por los “nuevos productores” de la soja no puede ser considerado como una profundización del modelo de modernización anterior, de los años 1960-70, sino que debe ser entendido como un proceso nuevo en ruptura con dicha modernización. ¿Cuál es entonces el destino de los actores que eran la base del modelo de modernización anterior y en particular del productor moderno convencional? Surgió paralelamente al agribusiness, y desde los años 2000, un nuevo sujeto social en lo rural argentino: el “productor familiar”. Pero ninguno de los dos sujetos, agricultor familiar y agribusiness, representa lo esencial del productor “moderno” autónomo que estuvo en el centro de la modernización “clásica” de los años 1960-70.  En este trabajo mostramos el carácter heurístico de centrar el foco de la atención sobre el destino de la base social de la modernización anterior, y la importancia oculta de su rol actual en los territorios y el agro, pese a su repentina desaparición de los discursos y de las representaciones sociales, así como de las políticas públicas.
¿Cómo usan el agua los productores de los oasis del oeste argentino? Un estudio de las prácticas de riego en el Valle del Tulum de San Juan // How farmers used water in the west of Argentina? A case study of the irrigation practices at the Tulum Valley, San Juan
Authors: Andrieu Jimena
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo se analiza el acceso y uso del recurso hídrico dentro de un sistema de irrigación para una zona árida de Argentina. El agua con fin agrícola se presenta aquí como un Recurso de Uso Común; con lo cual la gestión del mismo asume problemáticas específicas. Así, se propone una caracterización de las Unidades Productivas en función de las prácticas relevadas mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas para un estudio de caso desarrollado en el Valle de Tulum, provincia de San Juan.Se evalúa el rol que asume la acción colectiva, señalada como clave para este tipo de situaciones. Para ello, la noción de práctica resulta fundamental ya que permite indagar sobre el comportamiento de los regantes, ya sea individual o colectivo. El análisis de estas prácticas se apoya no sólo en técnicas cualitativas de análisis sino que también, en técnicas multivariadas. En particular, se trabaja con estrategias para la tipificación de las Unidades Productivas. De esta clasificación resultante, se observan las fortalezas y debilidades de la estructura de gestión vigente para el estudio de caso.
Heat generation by eddy currents in a shell of superconducting bus-bars for SIS100 particle accelerator at FAIR
Authors: Tomków Łukasz , Trojanowski Stanisław , Ciszek Marian , Chorowski Maciej
Published: December 2017

Superconducting magnets in the SIS100 particle accelerator require the supply of liquid helium and electric current. Both are transported with by-pass lines designed at Wrocław University of Technology. Bus-bars used to transfer an electric current between the sections of the accelerator will be encased in a steel shell. Eddy currents are expected to appear in the shell during fast-ramp operation of magnets. Heat generation, which should be limited in any cryogenic system, will appear in the shell. In this work the amount of heat generated is assessed depending on the geometry of an assembly of the bus-bars and the shell. Numerical and analytical calculations are described. It was found that heat generation in the shell is relatively small when compared to other sources present in the accelerator and its value strongly depends on the geometry of the shell. The distribution of eddy currents and generated heat for different geometrical options are presented. Based on the results of the calculations the optimal design is proposed.
Concentration-Compactness Principle of Singular Trudinger--Moser Inequalities in ℝ
n
and n-Laplace Equations
Authors: Zhang Caifeng , Chen Lu
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we use the rearrangement-free argument, in the spirit of the work by Li, Lu and Zhu [25], on the concentration-compactness principle on the Heisenberg group to establish a sharpened version of the singular Lions concentration-compactness principle for the Trudinger–Moser inequality in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. Then we prove a compact embedding theorem, which states that

W

1
,
n

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{W^{1,n}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

is compactly embedded into

L
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

,

|
x
|

-
β

⁢
d
⁢
x

)

{L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n},|x|^{-\beta}\,dx)}

for

p
≥
n

{p\geq n}

and

0
<
β
<
n

{0<\beta<n}

. As an application of the above results, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of ground state solutions to the following n-Laplace equation with critical nonlinearity:

($*$)

{

-

div
⁡

(

|

∇
⁡
u

|

n
-
2

⁢

∇
⁡
u

)

+

V
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

|
u
|

n
-
2

⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
x
,
u
)

|
x
|

β

,

u
∈

W

1
,
n

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

,

u
≥
0

,

{}\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle{-}\operatorname{div}(|\nabla u|^{n-2}% \nabla u)+V(x)|u|^{n-2}u=\frac{f(x,u)}{|x|^{\beta}},\\ &\displaystyle u\in W^{1,n}(\mathbb{R}^{n}),\quad u\geq 0,\end{aligned}\right.

where

V
⁢

(
x
)

≥

c
0

{V(x)\geq c_{0}}

for some positive constant

c
0

{c_{0}}

and

f
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

{f(x,t)}

behaves like

exp
⁡

(

α
⁢

|
t
|

n

n
-
1

)

{\exp(\alpha|t|^{\frac{n}{n-1}})}

as

t
→

+
∞

{t\rightarrow+\infty}

. This work improves substantially related results found in the literature.
An Exploratory Study of Four Urban Community Libraries in Nampula City, Mozambique: Do They Satisfy Community Informational Needs?
Authors: Szabo Elizabeth Eva , Vieira Ilidia
Published: December 2017

This exploratory study describes the characteristics of four independent urban community libraries in Nampula city, located in northern Mozambique, East Africa. In a country where public library services are inadequately equipped to address the educational, informational and cultural needs of its citizens, the emergence of urban community libraries in the city indicates that the population is seeking better alternative sources of information. The study profiles four urban libraries to identify their role in the communities they serve and determine whether they conform to
Spiny-cheek crayfish Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) on its way to the open coastal waters of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Szaniawska Anna , Dobrzycka-Krahel Aldona , Jaszczołt Joanna
Published: December 2017

The aim of this work was to assess the adaptive capabilities of the spiny-cheek crayfish Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) in the open coastal waters of the Baltic Sea. The results could help to predict the likely further expansion of this species and its colonization of brackish waters. The following aspects were discussed in the paper: the occurrence of the species in the Polish coastal zone of the Baltic Sea, the plasticity demonstrated in the body size of individual crayfishes, food preferences, hemolymph osmolality and reproduction in waters of different salinities, which enable the species to colonize brackish waters. In the Vistula Lagoon (salinity 2-3 PSU), where the population of O. limosus is stable, the length of individuals ranged from 77 to 118 mm. These crayfish mostly fed on fodder; the second and the third food preferences were crayfish abdominal muscle and green algae. O. limosus is a hyper-regulator in freshwaters and at low salinities (up to 13 PSU), and a hyporegulator at higher salinities (14, 21, 28, 35 PSU). Laboratory studies showed that the embryonic development of O. limosus at salinities of 3 and 7 PSU was normal and a high level of reproductive success was achieved. Salinity of 3 PSU is more favorable for the development of juveniles than 7 PSU. It seems to be just a matter of time before this crayfish starts to form populations in the brackish, coastal waters of the Baltic Sea.
Practical Model of Low-Volume Paddling-Based Sprint Interval Training Improves Aerobic and Anaerobic Performances in Professional Female Canoe Polo Athletes
Authors: Sheykhlouvand Mohsen , Khalili Erfan , Gharaat Mohammadali , Arazi Hamid , Khalafi Mousa , Tarverdizadeh Bahman
Published: December 2017

Sheykhlouvand, M, Khalili, E, Gharaat, M, Arazi, H, Khalafi, M, and Tarverdizadeh, B. Practical model of low-volume paddling-based sprint interval training improves aerobic and anaerobic performances in professional female canoe polo athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2375–2382, 2018—Brief, intense exercise training using running and cycling as exercise interventions may induce aerobic and anaerobic adaptations in athletes from a wide range of sports. However, this has not been studied extensively for those sports in which the upper body is predominantly involved. Our purpose was to examine the effects of kayak paddling–based sprint interval training (SIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness and anaerobic performance. Sixteen professional female canoe polo athletes (age = 27.6 ± 1.9 years; height = 165.7 ± 5.2 cm; body mass = 62.6 ± 8.5 kg; body mass index = 22.8 kg·m−2; body fat = 23.8 ± 4.9%) were randomized to either an intense exercise training consisting of sets of 5 × 5-second maximum sprint efforts interspersed by a 10-second recovery between each sprint (3, 4, 5, and 6 sets/session from first to fourth week, respectively, with 3 minutes of rest between each set), performed 3 times per week for 4 weeks (n = 8), or a usual training control group (n = 8). Before and after the training period, aerobic and anaerobic measurements were assessed using a kayak specific test and Wingate protocol, respectively. Training increased V̇o
2peak, O2 pulse, anaerobic threshold, peak, and mean power output in the SIT group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05) who showed no changes in these variables when tested 4 weeks apart without SIT. Paddling-based SIT was a potent stimulus and time-efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in aerobic and anaerobic performances in professional female canoe polo athletes who can use this training method to achieve fitness in a short period.
A Universal Correlation for the Calculation of Heating and Cooling Time of Any Steel
Authors: Kobasko Nikolai I.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, a universal correlation is proposed for calculating heating and cooling times of any steel part during its hardening. The equation contains Kondratjev form factor K, Kondratjev number Kn, average thermal diffusivity of a material, and a function depending on how N times core temperature of a steel part differs from its initial temperature. It is shown that these parameters are enough to calculate recipes when heating and cooling the steel parts of any configuration. A tendency of thermal equilibrium establishment is considered, which depends on size and configuration of objects, thermal diffusivity of a material, and the condition of cooling (heating) characterized by Kondratjev number Kn. The proposed generalized equation provides engineers with extremely simple and understandable parameters for calculating heating (cooling) soak time of any objects. According to the proposed equation, the time of thermal equilibrium establishment is directly proportional to Kondrtajev form factor K, inversely proportional to thermal diffusivity of material and Kondratjev number Kn, and depends on accuracy of the thermal equilibrium measurement.
Highly Efficient Site-Specific Mutagenesis in Malaria Mosquitoes Using CRISPR
Authors: Li Ming , Akbari Omar S , White Bradley J
Published: December 2017

Anopheles mosquitoes transmit at least 200 million annual malaria infections worldwide. Despite considerable genomic resources, mechanistic understanding of biological processes in Anopheles has been hampered by a lack of tools for reverse genetics. Here, we report successful application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for highly efficient, site-specific mutagenesis in the diverse malaria vectors Anopheles albimanus, A. coluzzii, and A. funestus. When guide RNAs (gRNAs) and Cas9 protein are injected at high concentration, germline mutations are common and usually biallelic, allowing for the rapid creation of stable mutant lines for reverse genetic analysis. Our protocol should enable researchers to dissect the molecular and cellular basis of anopheline traits critical to successful disease transmission, potentially exposing new targets for malaria control.
NOEL, Bradley Truman, 'Pentecostalism, Secularism, and Post Christendom'. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2015. 292 pp. ISBN: 9781498229364
Authors: Ma Wonsuk
Published: December 2017

Reviewed by: Wonsuk Ma, Oral Roberts University, Tulsa, OK, USA. Email: wma@oru.edu
Identification key for fishes from coastal streams of the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves Cristina da Silva , Carvalho Fernando Rogério , Pérez-Mayorga María Angélica , Oliveira Isadora Francesconi de
Published: December 2017

Abstract In recent decades, current knowledge about fish from Neotropical streams has greatly increased, but is still deficient. Here we present an identification key for fishes from coastal freshwater streams from a large conservation area of Atlantic rainforest of southeastern Brazil, including 39 species. Considering that most of these species (61.2%) are endemic to the coastal streams, this identification key will be useful not only for the species recognition of the sampled area, but also for the surrounding coastal region.
Which preferences associate with school performance? – Lessons from a university exploratory study v1
Authors: Horn Daniel , Janos Kiss Hubert
Published: December 2017

We attempt to link laboratory-based measures of preferences with measures of school performance. We measured in an incentivized way risk, time, social and competitive preferences and also cognitive abilities of university students and look for associations between these measures and two important academic outcome measures: exam results and GPA. We find consistently that cognitive abilities (proxied by the Cognitive Reflection Test (Frederick 2005)) are very well correlated with school performance. Regarding non-cognitive skills, we find suggestive evidence for many of our measured preferences. We used two alternative measures of time preference: patience and present bias. Present bias explains exam grades relatively better, while patience is better explaining GPA. Both measures of time preferences have a non-linear relation to school performance. Competitiveness matters, as students, who opt for a more competitive payment scheme in our experiments have a higher average GPA and better exam grades. We observe also that risk-averse students perform a little better than risk-loving students. That makes sense in case of multiple choice exams, because risk-loving students may want to try to pass the exam less prepared, as the possibility of passing as exam just by chance is not zero. Finally, we have also detected that cooperative preferences – the amount of money offered in a public good game – associates strongly with GPA, but in a non-linear way. Students who offered around half of their possible amounts had significantly higher GPAs than those, who offered none or all their money. Keywords: competititive preferences, experiment, non-cognitive skills, risk preferences, school performance, social preferences, time preferences. JEL codes: C91; D91; I20
Maternofetal outcome in early versus late detected asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy
Authors: Guntoory Indira , Penmetsa Poornima , Rayapu Sarath B. , Nambaru Nambaru R.
Published: December 2017

Background: Urinary tract infection in pregnancy is a problem of global significance. Untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy is known to be associated with maternal and foetal outcome in the form of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI), acute pyelonephritis, anaemia, pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), preterm labour (PTL), low birth weight (LBW), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and prematurity. This study is aimed to compare the maternal and foetal outcome of pregnant women with bacteriuria with that of women without bacteriuria and also to see if screening later in pregnancy at 28-37 weeks of gestation is as effective as screening at less than 20 weeks of pregnancy in terms of maternofoetal outcome.Methods: 165 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at MIMS, Nellimerla, Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh, India were screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria by urine culture and sensitivity. They were grouped into asymptomatic bacteriuria negative and culture positive groups. Culture positives were further grouped as early detected and late detected group based on the gestational age at sampling. They were followed up till delivery. The maternofoetal outcome was compared between different groups by computing Odd’s ratio and P value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: There was no statistically significant increase in adverse maternofoetal outcome between early detected and bacteriuria negative group. The women of late detected group had greater odds of developing symptomatic UTI, PIH, PTL, LBW, IUGR and neonatal intensive care unit admissions when compared to early detected and bacteriuria negative group which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria early in pregnancy at less than 20 weeks is more effective in reducing the adverse maternofoetal outcome.
Study of clinical profile of organophosphorus poisoning with special reference to electrocardiographic changes and electrolyte derangement
Authors: Tripathy S. K. , Rout P. K. , Debta N. , Das S. , Panigrahi M. , Mishra S. K. , Suna S. P. , Behera M. R.
Published: December 2017

Background: Organophosphorus Compounds (OPC) are main cause of accidental and suicidal poisoning in agrarian countries like India. Aim was to study the clinical profile of OPC-Poisoning and correlate it with the electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and electrolyte abnormalities.Methods: Hundred consecutive cases admitted to Medicine Department underwent clinical examination, ECG, electrolytes, Acetyl Choline Esterase (AChE) estimation from time to time and Paradeniya Organophosphorus Poisoning (POP) score at the time of admission. All these parameter with duration of hospital stay and outcome were statistically analysed using X2 test, Fisher exact test, and inference was drawn.Results: In hundred OPC-Poisoning patients [Male (n=48), Female (n=52), M: F ratio 0.92:1] with mean age of 37.78±12.95 years, commonest poison was cholropyrifos+cypermethrin and was mostly suicidal (96%). Common symptoms were sweating (48%), salivation, blurring of vision, breathlessness and signs were smell of poison (90%), tachypnea, altered sensorium, miosis and fasciculation. POP scoring found 41% of patients in mild, 26% in moderate and 33% in sever grade of poisoning. Hospital stay ranged from 4-18 days. Complications were pulmonary Edema (PE) in 28%, Respiratory Failure (RF) 18%, Aspiration Pneumonia (AP) 15% and Intermediate Syndrome (IS) 4%. 10 died out of 42 patients who had complications and the cause of death was RF in 4, Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) 2 and IS in 2. ECG finding showed sinus tachycardia (31%), prolonged corrected QT (QTc) interval (28%), sinus bradycardia (25%), ST-T changes (17%) and Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) in 4% which degenerated to VF in 2%. 24 patients were Hypokalemic from which 16 developed complications.Conclusions: Similar to earlier studies we observed poisoning which was suicidal. QTc prolongation and Hypokalemia are associated with high morbidity and mortality in OPC-Poisoning.
Инновационное предпринимательство как фактор перехода к эколого-экономической сбалансированности регионального развития
Authors: Дьяков Максим Юрьевич
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматривается вопрос развития инновационного предпринимательства в Камчатском крае в связи с необходимостью обеспечения региональной эколого-экономической сбалансированности его дальнейшего развития. Одним из существенно важных механизмов для этого признано внедрение экологически ориентированных технологических инноваций. Проанализировано текущее состояние инновационного предпринимательства в Камчатском крае, построена функция зависимости объема инновационного производства от затрат на инновации. Выявлены перспективные направления развития инновационного предпринимательства в регионе. В качестве одной из главных перспектив стимулирования инновационной активности признано формирование Территории опережающего развития «Камчатка». Кроме того, существуют возможности поддержки этого направления также в рамках Стратегии развития Камчатского края, и краевых государственных программ развития. Предложена перспективная схема организационно-экономического механизма обеспечения инновационной деятельности.
Основные прогнозы развития рынка труда в мире
Authors: Мизинцева Мария Федоровна , Сардарян Анна Романовна , Петроченко Алена Александровна
Published: December 2017

В статье проведен анализ существующих тенденций на современном рынке труда и приведены вероятностные направления, которыми будет характеризоваться рынок труда будущего. Среди этих направлений авторами выделены: активизация трудовой мобильности, в том числе расширение ее географии не только в страны Северной Америки и Европы, но и в ряд азиатский стран (Южная Корея, Сингапур, Гонконг и др.); рост числа фрилансеров из развитых и развивающихся стран мира; повышения показателя нигде не работающих и не обучающихся людей; высокий уровень безработицы, в том числе среди молодежи; борьба компаний за людей с уникальными способностями и компетенциями.
Компаниям, функционирующим на рынке труда будущего, вероятнее всего, придется пересматривать системы управления человеческими ресурсами в пользу гуманизации труда и индивидуализации систем адаптации, развития, поощрения, оценки персонала, а также в пользу отношения к сотруднику в компании не как к объекту, а как к полноценному субъекту управления.
В статье также приведены результаты авторского опроса студентов экономического факультета RUDN University о том, как они представляют рынок будущего, а также типичных руководителей и сотрудников через 10-20 лет. Студенты, принявшие участие в опросе, назвали самыми вероятностными характеристиками рынка труда будущего две основные составляющие: огромное значение интернет-технологий в поиске новых кандидатов и работы соискателями, а также высокий процент на рынке труда, работающих на себя (фрилансеров). Наименее вероятностными направлениями молодые люди назвали рост нигде не работающих и нигде не занятых людей, а также отсутствие склонности трудовых ресурсов часто менять работу. К вероятностным характеристикам работников будущего опрашиваемые причислили: обучаемость, ответственность, лидерство, стрессуостойчивость, творческие способности; а к руководителям - лидерские качества, стрессоустойчивость, готовность к риску.
Социальный паспорт муниципальных образований в маркетинге территорий
Authors: Корякина Татьяна Валерьевна
Published: December 2017

Статья посвящена формированию социального паспорта муниципальных образований, который является исходной базой не только для комплексного анализа текущего состояния экономического сектора и социальной сферы муниципального образования, диагностики проблем территории, но для выявления потенциала муниципального образования.
Методология исследования включает сравнительный обзор литературы, системный, структурный подходы, включая анализ и сопоставление форм и методов развития территорий, создание условий развития реального сектора экономики, социальной сферы в целях повышения качества жизни населения.
Анализ эффективности внедрения автоматизированных систем учета ресурсов в целях снижения потерь в электроэнергетике
Authors: Еременков Дмитрий Сергеевич , Мошкевич Мария Леонидовна
Published: December 2017

Рассмотрены актуальные вопросы энергосбережения в жилищно-коммунальном хозяйстве. Одним из весомых факторов постоянного роста тарифов на электрическую энергию для населения является недоучет и, как следствие, рост потерь электроэнергии при передаче ее по сетям до конечного потребителя. Согласно современному законодательству потери электроэнергии включаются в состав тарифа для конечного потребителя. Одним из возможных путей решения проблемы снижения потерь электроэнергии, является внедрение современных систем для контроля и учета электроэнергии на всех этапах передачи ее до конечного потребителя.
В настоящее время в России существуют различные аналоги западных систем автоматизированного учета и контроля электроэнергии. На практике такие автоматизированные системы применяются лишь в нескольких российских городах. В г.Курске системы учета и контроля ресурсов также не используются.
В статье приводится расчет возможной эффективности внедрения такой системы для учета энергоресурсов на примере г.Курска на основе действующих нормативных документов в области установления тарифов на электрическую энергию. Также показаны пределы потенциального снижения тарифов для населения вследствие снижения потерь электроэнергии при передаче ее по сетям до конечного потребителя.