bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islam moderat dan tradisi popular pesantren: Strategi penguatan Islam moderat di kalangan masyarakat Madura melalui nilai tradisi popular Islam berbasis pesantren
Authors: Hannan Abd
Published: June 2020

Masyarakat Madura selama ini identik dengan religiusitas. Salah satu bentuk religiusitas mereka ada pada kuatnya pengakuan mereka terhadap lembaga keagamaan. Dalam kaitan ini, keberadaan pesantren beserta segala nilai tradisi di dalamnya, merupakan simbol keagamaan yang sejauh ini memiliki pengaruh kuat terhadap keberlangsungan sosial-kultural masyarakat setempat. Beberapa isu krusial yang menjadi fokus pembahasan kajian ini meliputi; Islam moderat, pesentren dan sekian tradisi popular keIslaman yang ada di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep Islam moderat secara mendalam; mendeskripsikan realitas keIslaman pesantren Madura; melakukan kajian mendalam perihal peran dan fungsi strategis nilai tradisi keIslaman popular pesantren, dalam upaya menciptakan realitas keIslaman masyarakat Madura yang moderat. Kajian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan yang mendasarkan pada jenis penelitian kualitatif. Temuan studi ini berisikan penjelasan mendalam tentang konsep Islam moderat, deskripsi naratif eksistensi pesantren Madura, serta deskripsi mendalam peran dan fungsi strategis tradisi popular keIslaman pesantren Madura dalam membentuk Islam moderat. Tulisan ini memberikan sumbangsih dalam hal menjelaskan dinamika sosial keagamaan kontemporer masyarakat Madura. Serta penjelasan peran dan pengaruh pesantren dalam struktur dan sistem sosial keagamaan masyarakat setempat.
Pengawasan penggunaan senjata api legal di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Daerah Metro Jaya
Authors: Wartono Nurdianto Eko
Published: June 2020

Pada dasarnya setiap orang memiliki hak untuk melindungi diri mereka sendiri dan properti mereka (bela diri) dari ancaman orang lain. Penelitian ini berfokus pada proses perizinan penggunaan senjata api hukum dan upaya polisi untuk mengawasi penggunaan senjata api hukum di yurisdiksi polisi metropolitan regional. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada enam jenis izin pemilik senjata api. Upaya polisi dalam mengawasi penggunaan senjata api di kepolisian daerah metropolitan dengan cara semua pemilik senjata api harus lulus persyaratan dan serangkaian tes dari polisi intelijen, melakukan pemeriksaan fisik senjata api atas permintaan perpanjangan izin, teguran untuk pemilik senjata api berlisensi, memberikan sosialisasi terus menerus, dan penyitaan senjata api jika terbukti menjadi pelanggaran. Faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam melaksanakan pengawasan penggunaan senjata api hukum di yurisdiksi polisi metropolitan regional bahwa ada faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Eksternal internal terkait dengan personil yang terbatas, maksimum sosialisasi, dan berbagai kegiatan di yurisdiksi kepolisian daerah metropolitan. Sementara itu, faktor eksternal yang berkaitan dengan data dari pemilik senjata api sering tidak kompatibel dengan domisili pemilik senjata api tetap sesuai dengan alamat yang tercantum dalam lisensi senjata api dan terkait dengan sifat pribadi dari pemilik senjata api.
Pengaruh spiritualitas dan persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap keterikatan kerja anggota Satuan Reserse Polres Lamongan
Authors: Bayuaji Ari
Published: June 2020

Beban kerja satuan Reserse membutuhkan motivasi yang kuat bagi personelnya untuk melaksanakan pekerjaan dengan sepenuh hati. Dengan demikian beban kerja yang berat akan dilihat dalam perspektif yang lebih positif. Kecerdasan untuk melihat dari perspektif yang lebih positif terhadap beban kerja sangat dibutuhkan bagi satuan fungsi teknis Reserse dalam kaitannya untuk menjaga agar kinerja personel tetap baik disamping juga untuk menjaga personelnya untuk tetap loyal berada di bidang tugasnya dan tidak berpindah fungsi karena alasan beban dan resiko kerja. Data primer dalam penelitian ini didapat melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada seluruh anggota Satreskrim Polres Lamongan dengan jumlah 60 orang. Kuesioner selain berisi tentang pernyataan yang sesuai dengan keadaan diri responden juga berisi pertanyaan terbuka yang harus dijawab responden secara jujur, untuk mendukung peneliti dalam melakukan pendalaman terhadap responden. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan alat analisis SPSS versi 24. Hasil pengujian secara statistik menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel bebas (spiritualitas dan persepsi dukungan organisasi) terhadap variabel terikat (keterikatan kerja) baik secara parsial ataupun simultan (bersama-sama).
Penyelesaian kecelakaan lalu lintas pelaku anak
Authors: Anjarani Kumala Enggar
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi untuk menyelesaikan kecelakaan lalu lintas dari pelaku anak dengan pengalih perhatian di Mojokerto. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa deskripsi kecelakaan lalu lintas adalah yang paling dominan disebabkan oleh anak-anak dan remaja, yang kemudian mengusulkan metode atau pendekatan pengalihan. Kendala dalam melaksanakan penyelesaian lalu lintas pelaku anak adalah pemahaman masyarakat tentang pengalihan, pemikiran antara korban dan pihak-pihak yang berkonflik dengan hukum untuk mencapai kesepakatan dan pemahaman yang berbeda dalam menangani anak-anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum di antara petugas penegak hukum. Strategi mengatasi kecelakaan lalu lintas anak dengan pendekatan pengalihan di Mojokerto adalah mengadakan sosialisasi tentang pengalihan di antara masyarakat, upaya untuk menyatukan pemikiran antara korban dan anak-anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum untuk mencapai kesepakatan dan membangun komunikasi intensif dengan petugas penegak hukum lainnya.
Budaya keranjingan penggemar band Indie
Authors: Sofyan Bintang Krisna Airlangga
Published: June 2020

Cikal bakal terbentuknya atmosfir Indie di Indonesia sulit dilepaskan dari evolusi rocker-rocker pionir era 1970-an sebagai pendahulu. Sebut saja misalnya God Bless, Gang Pegangsaan, Gypsy (Jakarta), Giant Step, Super Kid (Bandung), Terncem (Solo), AKA/SAS (Surabaya), Bentoel (Malang) hingga Rawe Rontek dari Banten. Mereka inilah generasi pertama rocker Indonesia. Didukung kemajuan teknologi internet yang memperkenalkan karya kepada audiens yang berpotensi besar dengan biaya lebih rendah melalui music blog, jejaring sosial seperti Myspace, Spotify, dan Joox yang juga digunakan perusahaan musik independen untuk membuat kemajuan besar dalam bisnisnya. Kemudian, ditunjang keseriusan label rekaman independen oleh Aksara Records dan De Majors di Jakarta dan FFWD Records di Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh band Indie yang mengangkat potret sosial terhadap budaya keranjingan bagi penggemarnya. Keranjingan bisa dibilang dengan kata lain adalah kecanduan, keranjingan atau kecanduan adalah sebuah tingkah laku yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik fisik, psikologis maupun fisiolgis. Studi ini menunjukkan karena adanya tingkah laku avid yang tercipta dari lingkungan yang banyak orang suka dengan band Indie sehingga mau tidak mau orang yang tidak terlalu suka kritik sosial band Indie akan bergabung di lingkungannya yang pada akhirnya menciptakan perilaku keranjingan karena lingkungan. Semua informan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggemar band Indie kritik sosial. Ini bisa dilihat dari kepemilikan lebih dari dua merchandise dan selalu datang ke acara band Indie di Surabaya. Namun, dalam menjadi penggemar band-band Indie tidak ada asosiasi penggemar yang menyukai band-band Indie. Itu karena para penggemar band ini cenderung menjadi penggemar pribadi atau individualistis.
Diversi sebagai bentuk penyelesaian perkara pidana anak di tingkat penyidikan dalam kasus kejahatan kesusilaan di wilayah hukum Polda Jatim
Authors: Adly Fahmi Noor
Published: June 2020

Fenomena anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum menarik perhatian untuk dikaji lebih jauh. Sebagaimana diketahui bahwasanya bagi seorang pelanggar hukum berusia dibawah 18 tahun, segala bentuk penyelesaian perkara akan berdampak pada perkembangan kepribadian anak. Maka dari itu, diversi merupakan salah satu jalan yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh penyidik untuk tetap melanjutkan perkara ataupun menghentikannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan diversi sebagai bentuk penyelesaian perkara pidana anak di tingkat penyidikan dalam kasus kejahatan kesusilaan di wilayah hukum Polda Jatim serta untuk menganalisis hal-hal yang menjadi faktor penghambat dalam penerapan diversi. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan diversi, adapun penyidik yang berperan ialah penyidik khusus anak yang mana dalam pelaksanaan penangkapan, penahanan, dan pemeriksaan anak dilakukan dalam suasana kekeluargaan, serta penyidik wajib meminta pertimbangan atau saran dari pembimbing kemasyarakatan. Sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan diversi selama ini yang berlangsung di wilayah hukum Polda Jatim, sepenuhnya dikarenakan adanya permasalahan internal dan eksternal.
The use of mixed methods to identify typology of poverty in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Singgih Doddy Sumbodo , Mas'udah Siti , Sudarso Sudarso
Published: June 2020

This article describes the results of concurrent mixed method testing to identify the typology of poverty in one particular area in East Java, Indonesia known as the "Madura Horseshoe". So far, typology studies of poverty in Indonesia use a single research method. The use of concurrent mixed methods is rarely done and even considered taboo in conventional research. The test results show that the method is very suitable to academic needs and very comprehensive in identifying the typology of poverty, particularly rampant poverty in an exclusive area with specific social structure and culture, namely those dominated by a particular ethnic group. The test concludes that the typology of poverty in the exclusive region of "Madura Horseshoe" is, in majority, a structural typology. The residents suffer from poverty because they do not have productive assets and social networks. Only a small percentage has cultural constraints, of which problems, including poverty, are solved by means of praying to God and asking blessings of sustenance. If this does not yield, they give up and resign to predestined fate.
Alternatively Assessing Conceptual Learning in an Emergency Clinical Environment—A Mixed Methods Design
Authors: Zhang Zhidong , Zhang Alice Yang
Published: June 2020

Modeling cognitive processes in clinical learning environments is a necessary first step towards improving learning assessment and medical practice by using an alternative assessment model. Verbal protocol and cognitive content analyses are effective methods of exploring such cognitive processes. For the purpose of simplifying the discussion, we have labeled these processes as Identification of Information, Advanced Cognition, and Medical Cognitive Action. Exploring problem solving processes with Bayesian network techniques can characterize students' dynamic learning processes quantitatively, identify differences in cognitive components at different stages of learning and better represent clinical problem solving features.We develop a hierarchical cognitive model as a cognitive assessment tool to describe the complex cognitive network relations, which can be applied to various clinical cognitive situations. The study concludes that the cognitive model was useful in identifying students' learning trajectories by representing the different cognitive features.
Aula invertida con enfoque multidisciplinar = Flipped classroom with a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Porras Amores César , Caballol Bartolomé David , Morales Segura Monica , Vidales Barriguete Alejandra
Published: June 2020

En la Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el profesorado ha detectado varios problemas que están relacionados con el aprendizaje del alumnado, entre otros nos encontramos con, el abandono de los estudios, el alto absentismo y la elevada compartimentación de los conocimientos. En muchas ocasiones los conocimientos adquiridos por los estudiantes en una asignatura concreta, no se aplican más allá de dicha asignatura o semestre. Con el fin de dar solución a los problemas anteriormente mencionados, varios docentes de distintas disciplinas han preparado cooperativamente varias asignaturas mediante el modelo de enseñanza de Aula Invertida. Tras aplicar la metodología de aula invertida propuesta en este trabajo y realizar encuestas al alumnado, se ha observado que en general los estudiantes están contentos con la técnica empleada. En concreto, del total de los encuestados se obtuvieron los siguientes porcentajes: el 3,5% muy en desacuerdo; el 8% en desacuerdo; el 21,5% no sabe; el 48% de acuerdo y el 19% muy de acuerdo. Por otro lado, a pesar de que el alumnado encuestado acepta la metodología empleada existe un 31% de estudiantes que no se muestra favorable a que sea ampliada a otras asignaturas. El trabajo realizado se enclava dentro del proyecto de innovación educativa “Conocimiento Transversal a través de Aula Invertida” realizado por varios integrantes del Grupo de Innovación Educativa UPM “Actitud Constructiva”.AbstractIn the School of Building Engineering of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), lectures have identified several problems that are related to student learning. Among others we can highlight the abandonment of studies, the high absenteeism, and the high compartmentalization of knowledge. There are many situations in which the knowledge acquired by students in a specific subject is only applied to pass the subject and it is forgotten at the end of the semester. In order to solve the issues, a group of lectures from different disciplines have cooperatively prepared some subjects through the Flipped Classroom model. After applying the flipped classroom methodology proposed in this work and conducting student surveys, it has been observed that in general the students are happy with the method used. Specifically, the following percentages were obtained from the total of the respondents: 3.5% strongly disagree; 8% disagree; 21.5% do not know; 48% agree and 19% strongly agree. On the other hand, even though the surveyed students accept the methodology used, there are 31% of students who are not in favor of it being extended to other subjects. The work included in this paper were developed by several members of the “Actitud Constructiva” UPM Innovative Education Group. The work has been supported by the “Transversal Knowledge through flipped classroom” educational innovation.
Preference Neural Network
Authors: Elgharabawy Ayman , Parsad Mukesh , Lin Chin-Teng
Published: June 2020

Equality and incomparability multi-label ranking have not been introduced to learning before. This paper proposes new native ranker neural network to address the problem of multi-label ranking including incomparable preference orders using a new activation and error functions and new architecture. Preference Neural Network PNN solves the multi-label ranking problem, where labels may have indifference preference orders or subgroups which are equally ranked. PNN is a nondeep, multiple-value neuron, single middle layer and one or more output layers network. PNN uses a novel positive smooth staircase (PSS) or smooth staircase (SS) activation function and represents preference orders and Spearman ranking correlation as objective functions. It is introduced in two types, Type A is traditional NN architecture and Type B uses expanding architecture by introducing new type of hidden neuron has multiple activation function in middle layer and duplicated output layers to reinforce the ranking by increasing the number of weights. PNN accepts single data instance as inputs and output neurons represent the number of labels and output value represents the preference value. PNN is evaluated using a new preference mining data set that contains repeated label values which have not experimented on before. SS and PS speed-up the learning and PNN outperforms five previously proposed methods for strict label ranking in terms of accurate results with high computational efficiency.
Just Don’t Fall: An AI Agent’s Learning Journey Towards Posture Stabilisation
Authors: Hossny Mohammed , Iskander Julie
Published: June 2020

Learning to maintain postural balance while standing requires a significant fine coordination effort between the neuromuscular system and the sensory system. It is one of the key contributing factors towards fall prevention, especially in the older population. Using artificial intelligence (AI), we can similarly teach an agent to maintain a standing posture, and thus teach the agent not to fall. In this paper, we investigate the learning progress of an AI agent and how it maintains a stable standing posture through reinforcement learning. During training, the AI agent learnt three policies. First, it learnt to maintain the Centre-of-Gravity and Zero-Moment-Point in front of the body. Then, it learnt to shift the load of the entire body on one leg while using the other leg for fine tuning the balancing action. Finally, it started to learn the coordination between the two pre-trained policies. This study shows the potentials of using deep reinforcement learning in human movement studies. The learnt AI behaviour also exhibited attempts to achieve an unplanned goal because it correlated with the set goal (e.g. walking in order to prevent falling). The failed attempts to maintain a standing posture is an interesting by-product which can enrich the fall detection and prevention research efforts.
A Narrative Review on Evaluation of Hypercoagulability State in Severe COVID-19 Patients with Background Risk Factors
Authors: Moghimi Minoosh , Khodadadi Kasra , Mortazavi Yousef
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 induces coagulopathy at the base of SIC (sepsis-induced coagulopathy) and it is an important cause of death in the patients. Cytokine storm causes imbalance in coagulation and fibrinolytic system. A combination of hypercoagulability state, decrease or inhibition of fibrinolytic and endothelialopathy causes thromboembolic events. Underlined disease with a high rate of mortality in COVID-19 like diabetes, hypertension and some conditions like aging and obesity are the main disorders with hemostatic disturbance and increase of coagulopathy. Therefore, it seems that the combination of COVID-19 infection and these risk factors increase the risk of thromboembolic all together.
Truck Platoon Control Considering Heterogeneous Vehicles
Authors: Kim Jonghoek
Published: June 2020

This paper presents control algorithms enabling autonomous heterogeneous trucks to drive in platoons. Heterogeneous trucks imply that the hardware information (e.g., truck length, break, accelerator, or engine) of a truck may be distinct from that of another truck. We define a platoon as a collection of trucks where a manually driven truck (leader truck) is followed by several automatically controlled following trucks. The proposed approach is to make every autonomous truck keep following the leader's trajectory while maintaining a designated distance from its predecessor truck. As far as we know, this paper is unique in developing both lateral maneuver and speed control considering a platoon of heterogeneous trucks. The efficiency of the proposed approach is verified using simulations.
RNA Viruses vs. DNA Synthesis: A General Viral Strategy That May Contribute to the Protective Antiviral Effects of Selenium
Authors: Taylor Ethan Will
Published: June 2020

The biosynthesis of DNA inherently competes with RNA synthesis because it depends on the reduction of ribonucleotides (RNA precursors) to 2’-deoxyribonucleotides by ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). Hence, RNA viruses can increase viral RNA production in cells by partially blocking the synthesis of DNA, e.g. by downregulating the mammalian selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase (TR), which normally acts to sustain DNA synthesis by regenerating reduced thioredoxin, a hydrogen donor for RNR. Computational and preliminary experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that a number of pathogenic RNA viruses, including HIV-1, Ebola, Zika, some flu viruses, and SARS-CoV-2, target TR isoforms by antisense. TR knockdown would create a host antioxidant defect that could be partially rectified by increased selenium intake, or be exacerbated by selenium deficiency, contributing to viral pathogenesis. There are several non-selenium-dependent means that viruses might also exploit to slow DNA synthesis, such as targeting RNR itself, or components of the glutaredoxin system, which serves as a backup redox system for RNR. HIV-1 substantially downregulates glutathione synthesis, so it interferes with both the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems. Computational results suggest that, like Ebola, SARS-CoV-2 targets TR3 by antisense. TR3 is the only TR isoform that includes an N-terminal glutaredoxin domain, so antisense knockdown of TR3 may also affect both redox systems, favoring RNA synthesis. In contrast, some DNA viruses encode their own glutaredoxins, thioredoxin-like proteins and even RNR homologues – so they are doing just the opposite, favoring DNA synthesis. This is clear evidence that viruses can benefit from shifting the RNA:DNA balance to their advantage.
Significantly Improved COVID-19 Outcomes in Countries with Higher BCG Vaccination Coverage: A Multivariable Analysis
Authors: Klinger Danielle , Blass Ido , Rappoport Nadav , Linial Michal
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 pandemic that started in China has spread within 3 months to the entire globe. We tested the hypothesis that the vaccination against tuberculosis by BCG correlates with a better outcome for COVID-19 patients. Our analysis covers 55 countries complying with predetermined thresholds on the population size and number of deaths per million (DPM). We found a strong negative correlation between the years of BCG administration and the DPM along with the progress of the pandemic, corroborated by permutation tests. The results from multivariable regression tests with 23 economic, demographic, health-related, and pandemic restriction quantitative properties, substantiate the dominant contribution of BCG years to the COVID-19 outcomes. The analysis of countries according to an age-group partition reveals that the strongest correlation is attributed to the coverage in BCG vaccination of the young population (0-24 years). Furthermore, a strong correlation and statistical significance are associated with the degree of BCG coverage for the most recent 15 years, but no association was observed in these years for other broadly used vaccination protocols for measles and rubella. We propose that BCG immunization coverage, especially among the most recently vaccinated contributes to attenuation of the spread and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Management of Myasthenia Gravis During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wu Xingxing , Yuan Jiang , Karim Md Rezaul , Wang Yun-Fu
Published: June 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought unprecedented risks and challenges to everyone in the world. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the nervous system. Infection can worsen it and cause severe symptoms such as myasthenia crisis and respiratory failure. At present, the pandemic of COVID-19 may promote the aggravation of patients with MG. This article focuses on the respiratory management of MG patients during the epidemic of COVID-19.
Design and Control of a Hydraulic Based Tire Changer Using H∞ and H2 Optimal Synthesis Controllers
Authors: Jibril Mustefa , Tadese Messay , Alemayehu Tadese Eliyas
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the design and control of a hydraulic system based tire changer machine have been analyzed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink Toolbox successfully. The machine have a displacement input which is a leg pedal displacement in order to push the piston of the pump to fed the motor with a pressured hydraulic fluid to rotate the tire with an angular speed to mount and dismount it. Augmentation based H∞ and H2 optimal synthesis controllers have been used to improve the performance of the machine. Comparison of the proposed controllers for tracking a reference input speed have been done using two reference inputs (step and random) signals. Finally the comparative simulation results proved the effectiveness of the proposed tire changer with H synthesis controller in improving the settling time and percentage overshoot.
An Overview of Basic Molecular Biology of SARS-CoV-2 and Current COVID-19 Prevention Strategies
Authors: Das Ankur , Ahmed Raja , Akhtar Suraiya , Begum Khaleda , Banu Sofia
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 manifests regarding extreme acute respiratory conditions caused by a novel beta coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which is reported to be the seventh coronavirus to infect humans. Like other SARS-CoVs it has a large positive-stranded RNA genome. But specific furin site in the spike protein, mutation prone and phylogenetically mess Orf1ab separates SARS-CoV-2 from other RNA viruses. Since, the outbreak (February - March 2020) which originated in China, researchers, scientists, and medical professionals are inspecting all possible facts from every possible aspects including its replication, detection and prevention strategies. This led to the prompt identification of its basic biology, genome characterization, structural based functional information of proteins and strategies to prevent its spread. Due to rapid mutation rate, functional characterization of few proteins is still lagging. This review summarizes the recent updates on basic molecular biology of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention strategies undertaken worldwide to tackle COVID-19. This recent information can be implemented for the development and designing of therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.
Denoising Sentinel-1 Extra-Wide Mode Cross-Polarization Images over Sea Ice
Authors: Sun Yan , Li Xiaoming
Published: June 2020

Sentinel-1 (S1) extra-wide (EW) swath data in cross-polarization (horizontal-vertical, HV or vertical-horizontal, VH) are strongly affected by the scalloping effect and thermal noise, particularly over areas with weak backscattered signals, such as sea surfaces. Although noise vectors in both the azimuth and range directions are provided in the standard S1 EW data for subtraction, the residual thermal noise still significantly affects sea ice detection by the EW data. In this paper, we improve the denoising method developed in previous studies to remove the additive noise for the S1 EW data in cross-polarization. Furthermore, we propose a new method for eliminating the residual noise (i.e. multiplicative noise) at the sub-swath boundaries of the EW data, which cannot be well processed by simply subtracting the reconstructed 2-D noise field. The proposed method of removing both the additive and multiplicative noise was applied to EW HV-polarized images processed using different Instrument Processing Facility (IPF) versions. The results suggest that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the quality of EW HV-polarized images under various sea ice conditions and sea states in marginal ice zone (MIZ) of the Arctic. This is of great support for the utilization of cross-polarization SAR images in wide swaths for intensive sea ice monitoring in polar regions.
Controlling Pandemics: Solutions to Prevent the Next Pandemic
Authors: Aslam Fahim
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 has been a major issue in most countries throughout the world with 213 countries being affected till date due to the disease. The pandemic has raised concerns over the healthcare facilities available in various countries and question the government decisions made during this period of outbreak. Despite having the best healthcare facilities several countries across Europe and America have found it difficult to contain the disease outbreak questioning the available solutions to contain an area. This paper focuses on presenting information on solutions available to control outbreaks in order to prevent another pandemic occurring in the future. The paper also highlights the strategies and plans implemented by various governments who have been successful in combatting the disease with minimum damage. By using available resources such as technology, scientific innovation and digitalized healthcare this paper focuses on providing solutions which are already available to be utilized in the right manner.
Workable Cadaveric Preservation for Developing Skills Training Models: A Review
Authors: Sontakke Bharat , Deshmukh Vishwajit Ravindra , Kirubhanand C. , Gugapriya T.S. , Muthiyan Gayatri , Tarnekar A. M.
Published: June 2020

Art of embalming as practised by Egyptian about 3000 years ago transformed into embalming science of modern ages with the use of formaldehyde as a preservative solution. Subsequently, the search for ideal embalming preservative solution continues to date because of the health hazards related to formaldehyde preservation of cadavers. Alternative preservative methods and solutions suitable for making different skill training models with the specific requirement of pliability have also experimented. The literature had documented various solutions like Thiel’s solution and technique, phenoxyethanol preservation, saturated sodium chloride solution, cryopreservation, N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, Ethanol–glycerin and Fix 4life solution as alternatives to formaldehyde preservation. This review is an attempt to have an overview comparison of all the recent alternate embalming methods applicable for developing skill training cadaveric models with an aim of reducing formaldehyde usage in preservation.
Modelling and Simulation of Vehicle Windshield Wiper System using H∞ Loop Shaping and Robust Pole Placement Controllers
Authors: Jibril Mustefa , Tadese Messay , Alemayehu Eliyas
Published: June 2020

Vehicle windshield wiper system increases the driving safety by contributing a clear shot viewing to the driver. In this paper, modelling, designing and simulation of a vehicle windshield wiper system with robust control theory is done successfully. H∞ loop shaping and robust pole placement controllers are used to improve the wiping speed by tracking a reference speed signals. The reference speed signals used in this paper are step and sine wave signals. Comparison of the H∞ loop shaping and robust pole placement controllers based on the two reference signals is done and convincing results have been obtained. Finally the comparative results prove the effectiveness of the proposed H∞ Loop Shaping controller to improve the wiping mechanism for the given two reference signals.
G-CSF Production by Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma with Leukemoid Reaction Occurred in the Lower Leg
Authors: Hayashida Kenta , Kawabata Yusuke , Kato Ikuma , Suzuki Michiaki , Takeyama Masanobu , Inaba Yutaka
Published: June 2020

Case:

A 46-year-old woman presented with a mass in the lower leg and severe leukocytosis. Diffuse uptake in the bones was detected with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging. The serum granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was elevated, and immunostaining for G-CSF was positive. When diagnosed as G-CSF–producing undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), a wide resection was performed. The leukocytosis and serum G-CSF were remarkably improved after tumor resection. No local recurrence or metastasis was detected.

Conclusion:

We report the first case of inflammatory UPS in the extremity which demonstrated the neoplastic production of G-CSF. In our case, 18F-FDG PET/CT, the serum G-CSF, and immunostaining for G-CSF were useful for diagnosis.
The Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee
Authors: Madhan Ashwin S. , Patel Neeraj M.
Published: June 2020

» The femoral attachment of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) of the knee is still under debate, but the tibial attachment is consistently between Gerdy’s tubercle and the fibular head. The structure is less identifiable and more variable in younger patients.

» The ALL likely plays a role in rotational stability, but its impact on anterior stability is less clear.

» Numerous ALL reconstruction techniques have been described. Biomechanical analysis of these techniques has not shown clear benefits, but this literature is limited by the heterogeneity of techniques, graft choices, and study methodology.

» Clinical studies of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and ALL reconstruction are few but promising in lowering the risk of an ACL reinjury.

» To our knowledge, there are no studies showing the clinical outcomes of combined ACL and ALL reconstruction in pediatric patients, who are at higher risk for ACL graft failure than adults.
Team Approach: Evaluation and Management of Pelvic Ring Injuries
Authors: Kazley Jillian M. , Potenza Marissa A. , Marthy Andrew G. , Arain Abdul R. , O’Connor Casey M. , Czajka Cory M.
Published: June 2020

» A multidisciplinary approach to the management of pelvic ring injuries has been shown to decrease mortality rates.

» The primary goals within the emergency room are to assess, resuscitate, and stabilize the patient. The Advanced Trauma Life Support protocol guides the initial assessment of the patient. A pelvic binder or sheet should be applied to help to provide reduction of the fracture and temporary stabilization.

» The trauma team becomes the primary service for the patient as he or she transitions away from the emergency department. The trauma team must effectively communicate with and serve as the liaison between other specialists as injuries are identified.

» emodynamic stability should be closely monitored in patients with pelvic ring injuries, involving the assessment of vital signs, imaging findings, and clinical judgment.

» Angioembolization and peritoneal packing may play a role in helping to control hemorrhage.

» Urologists should be consulted if a Foley catheter cannot be passed or there is concern for urethral or bladder injury. Further imaging or urologic intervention may be necessary.

» Orthopaedic surgeons can help to assess the patient, classify the injury, and assist in temporary stabilization while planning definitive fixation.
Conservative Surgical Options for the Treatment of Forefoot Diabetic Ulcers and Osteomyelitis
Authors: Yammine Kaissar , Assi Chahine
Published: June 2020

» Diabetic foot ulcers cause higher rates of amputation and mortality; amputations yield even higher mortality rates than diabetic foot ulcers. Conservative excisional surgical procedures could be a suitable alternative to amputations, with comparable results with respect to wound-healing and infection control. Also, toe-sparing conservative surgical procedures offer good to excellent outcomes when compared with the nonoperative standard of care.

» Fourteen types of conservative surgical procedures were identified including bone excision with ulcerectomy, interphalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joint resection arthroplasty, internal pedal amputation of the phalangeal or metatarsal bone, distal Syme amputation, metatarsal osteotomy, metatarsal head resection, Achilles lengthening, gastrocnemius recession, selective plantar fascia release, percutaneous toe flexor tenotomy, and skin grafting.

» Depending on the location of the ulcer or osteomyelitis, a decision-making tree tool has been developed to assist surgeons for the indication of the different conservative operations.

» A striking underuse of the available conservative operations was noted. When indicated, the outcomes of conservative surgery were rated good to excellent; these procedures could be suitable alternatives to amputation.
DO SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ISLAMIC FINANCIAL LITERACY MATTER FOR SELECTING ISLAMIC FINANCIAL PRODUCTS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN INDONESIA?
Authors: Widityani Salma Fadhilah , Faturohman Taufik , Rahadi Raden Aswin , Yulianti Yulianti
Published: June 2020

Indonesia is a promising market for the Islamic finance industry since most of the population is Muslim. However, the growth of Islamic finance in Indonesia is still low. Therefore, Islamic financial literacy needs to be improved in order to grow the Islamic finance industry significantly. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that enhance Islamic financial literacy among college students in Indonesia. The development of validated constructs for Islamic financial literacy is important because conventional financial literacy might contain some elements that are not compatible with Islamic financial principles. This study also measures the level of Islamic financial literacy and its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics using multilinearregression. Furthermore, the relationship between Islamic financial literacy and the possession of Islamic financial products is observed by logistic regression. The determinant factors are perception, attitude and behaviour, and knowledge. The study found that type of educational institution, Islamic finance course experience, being educated to Master’s degree level, having one’s own income, and having an incomeabove five million have a significant relationship with the Islamic financial literacy of college students. The factors that have a significant relationship with the possession of Islamic financial products are Islamic financial literacy, choice of major, Islamic finance course experience, and monthly income above five million . This research attempts to provide an Islamic financial literacy measurement through exploratory factor analysis.The development of a validated instrument for an Islamic financial literacy index and its determinant factors is our scientific and practical contribution to the literature on Islamic financial literacy in Indonesia.
ISLAMIC BANKING EFFICIENCY AND INCLUSIVE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH: THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION
Authors: Banna Hasanul , Alam Md Rabiul
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to estimate the efficiency scores of 153 Islamic banks of 32 countries during the period 2011 to 2017 by deploying data envelopment analysis and Simar–Wilson double bootstrapping regression techniques to determine how financial inclusion and its interaction effect with GDP growth impact on Islamic bankingefficiency to promote inclusive sustainable growth. The findings show that the efficiency trends of Islamic banks in most countries have been inconsistent in the aftermath of the global financial crisis; this indicates that the banking industry is still bearing the consequences of that recession. However, Islamic banks in Bangladesh,Malaysia, Mauritia, Qatar, Tunisia, and Sudan are performing efficiently and, in spite of being war-affected countries, Islamic banks in Iraq and Palestine, more interestingly, have also seen an ascending trend in terms of improving their efficiency levels. The results foreground that to improve Islamic banks’ efficiency, financial inclusion (FI) must play a key role. Moreover, the effect of the interaction between FI and GDP growth suggests that FI plays a significant role in sustainable development, which creates a positive relationship between inclusive sustainable growth and the efficiency of Islamic banks. Since research on FI is an ongoing process, this paper contributes to the existing literature and methodology pertinent to the subject by analysing bothnon-bias and bias-corrected efficiency through the utilisation of more recent data from Islamic banks.
SHORT-TERM OVERREACTION OF ISLAMIC STOCKS TO SPECIFIC EVENTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mujadiddah Sofina , Achsani Noer Azam , Irfany Mohammad Iqbal
Published: June 2020

Overreaction is a phenomenon caused by stock market inefficiencies and also a reaction to certain events. Das and Krishnakumar (2016) explain that some overreaction phenomena violate the theory of capital market efficiency. As experienced by other stocks , Islamic stocks also probably experience market inefficiencies. This study aims to analyse the phenomenon of overreaction in Islamic stocks, as well as the factors that influence the phenomenon, by using a two-stage testing method: two paired sampling and cross-sectional regression. Two specific events which occurred in 2016-2018, and which were followed by price reversal and return reversal, are studied. The results show that the election of Donald Trump as US President (Event 1) and the bombingsin Surabaya (Event 2) were significant in the overreaction in the winner stock category. The factors that influenced the two events were different. The overreaction to Trump’s election proved to be significantly influenced by information leakage, while the bombings in Surabaya significantly affected the company ownership category . The results indicate that Islamic stocks continue to have several transactions which areprohibited by the DSN MUI fatwa in the short term.
PRODUCTIVITY AND DETERMINANT OF ISLAMIC BANKS EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Otaviya Siti Annita , Rani Lina Nugraha
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the level of productivity of Islamic banks in Indonesia during the period 2011-2018 using indicators of Total Factor Productivity Change (TFPCH) or changes in productivity, and to identify potential determinants of TFPCH. In the first stage, the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is employed to analysethe TFPCH of eight Islamic banks operating between 2011 and 2018. In the second stage, panel data regression is applied to assess the potential determinants of TFPCH. The research findings show that Indonesian Islamic banks experience productivity growth, and that the Technical/Technological Change (TECHCH) component has had a significant influence on this growth, with the GDP and BI rate variables being potential determinants of TFPCH. The research contributes to the renewal of interest in studies of Islamic bank productivity performance in Indonesia, and is accompanied by analysis of the specific determinants of the potential of private banks and the macroeconomics of productivity, research on which is still limited in the related literature.
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MICROFINANCE: CONVENTIONAL VS. ISLAMIC
Authors: Trokic Amela , Karamustafic Eldina , Efendic Velid
Published: June 2020

The reduction of poverty and socio-economic development has become a foremost issue in modern society. One approach to improving this was the establishment of microfinance, which has since become an important part of poverty alleviation strategies, but very few studies have considered its benefits based on characteristicsother than poverty. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and determine how different client characteristics affect the way people benefit from the financing provided by microfinance institutions. Data were gathered from the beneficiaries of both conventional and Islamic microfinance using a questionnaire, and then analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann–Whitney U tests. The results show how MFI financing benefits clients differently based on certain characteristics, as well as how these socioeconomic benefits differ based on whether the financing is provided by a conventional or an Islamic MFI. Overall, conventional and Islamic MFIs have similar strategies when it comes to providing socio-economic benefits to their clients. However, where they diverge is when client gender is considered, as IMFIs are more likely to benefit women. This research will be beneficial to MFIs in terms of the development of their services, as it will help them identify the strengths and weaknesses of their offerings and how well these are able to assist them in fulfilling their purpose of providing benefit to the poorest of the poor, increasing financial inclusion and contributing to socio-economicdevelopment.
Análisis y tipología de brechas viarias dentro del palimpsesto urbano de València
Authors: Membrado Tena Joan Carles , Fansa Saleh Ghaleb , Hermosilla Pla Jorge
Published: June 2020

El palimpsesto urbano es el resultado de la superposición y yuxtaposición diacrónica de una serie de modelos de desarrollo urbano que han determinado, en mayor o menor medida, la trama viaria actual. Resultado de esta dinámica, la trama urbana de muchas ciudades presenta una serie de brechas viarias singulares –por sus formas sinuosas, transversales u oblicuas– que dan carácter e identidad al paisaje urbano. En este artículo se analizan –mediante SIG y revisión bibliográfica– las brechas viarias del palimpsesto urbano, tomando como paradigma el plano de la ciudad de València. Se lleva a cabo también una original categorización de las brechas viarias de acuerdo a una taxonomía derivada de su estructura y funcionamiento. Siguiendo la metodología explicada, esta tipología de brechas viarias es extrapolable a cualquier otro caso de estudio que disponga de material cartográfico e historiográfico adecuado sobre su secular desarrollo urbano.
Interpretación de los espacios desindustrializados a la luz de la vulnerabilidad y la resiliencia: aplicación a la comarca de O Morrazo (Pontevedra)
Authors: Benito del Pozo Paz , López González Alejandro , Prada Trigo José
Published: June 2020

Se revisan los planteamientos metodológicos y las aportaciones recientes sobre la capacidad explicativa de las metáforas de la vulnerabilidad y la resiliencia, con una propuesta original y novedosa sobre su aplicación a los espacios desindustrializados. La eficacia de este enfoque depende de un diagnóstico riguroso del problema de la desindustrialización, lo que implica disponer de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos que permitan caracterizar y valorar tanto la situación de fragilidad y dependencia creada por la crisis industrial, como las respuestas que representan la capacidad adaptativa del territorio y el compromiso de los agentes implicados. Se trabaja con la hipótesis de que la resiliencia constituye una estrategia basada en acciones intencionadas que crean nuevas condiciones para el crecimiento y la revitalización urbana y local, aunque no se espera que los espacios desindustrializados retornen al punto previo a la crisis o el declive. Con el fin de validar dicho enfoque se realiza un ensayo empírico que toma como referencia la comarca litoral de O Morrazo (Pontevedra).