bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Solutions of Ore-Forming Fluids of Carbonate Rock-Related Nephrites Constrained by the Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes
Authors: Li Ping , Liao Zongting , Chen Qi , Zhou Zhengyu , Qi Lijian , Liu Yungui
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of ore-forming fluid of nephrite deposit have always been changing due to mixings between different fluids and oxygen isotope exchanges between the ore-forming fluid and country rocks, resulting in that tremolites (or actinolite) have to constantly re-establish new isotope fractionation equilibriums with the dynamic fluid, which is of great significance to understand the genesis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of nephrites. Based on this, Taylor closed model and fluid mixing model are used to unravel the control of multi-stage evolution of ore-forming fluid on the δD and δ18O of nephrite. Although Taylor closed model is conducive to interpreting the genesis of nephrite with light δD and δ18O, such as Vitim nephrite and Chuncheon nephrite, it is unable to be effectively used in other nephrites. The fluid mixing model can quantitatively constrain proportions of different fluids during different ore-forming stages. Multiple solutions of ore-forming fluids of carbonate rock-related nephrites result from the absence of external constraints, such as isotope compositions of intrusive rocks, carbonate rocks and meteoric water. Due to the generally heavy δ18O of country rocks of carbonate rocks, a small amount of meteoric water that enters the hydrothermal system in the later ore-forming stage is insufficient to offset the δ18O increment of nephrite caused by the oxygen isotope exchange between country rocks and water, which should be responsible for the abnormal heavy δ18O of Luodian nephrite, Dahua nephrite, Sanchakou nephrite, Xiaomeiling nephrite, etc, not metamorphic water dominating their formation.
Early-Stage Assessment of Groundwater Quality in a Carbon Capture and Storage Project: A Case Study from North Texas
Authors: Mahjour Seyed Kourosh , Shelley Zack , Saleh Ali
Published: January 2025

The increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air necessitates using Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
to reduce emissions. However, concerns persist regarding how CCS may affect groundwater, especially if CO2
leaks and interacts with aquifer systems. This study evaluated the impact of Carbon Capture and Storage
(CCS) activities on groundwater quality near the Barnett Zero CCS project in Wise County, North Texas.
We analyzed groundwater samples from four monitoring wells within a one-mile radius of the CCS site and
two control wells beyond this radius to assess changes in major ion concentrations, organic carbon levels, and
heavy metals and organic contaminants. The results showed the importance of ongoing groundwater quality
assessment in CCS-affected regions. While no immediate contamination risks were identified, the observed
variations in ion concentrations and organic carbon levels suggested potential geochemical interactions that
merit further study. The elevated levels of certain ions in monitoring wells compared to control wells indicated
the possible mobilization of dissolved species, which could be influenced by CO2 injection and subsurface
geochemical reactions. Additionally, the isolated occurrence of arsenic in one monitoring well, though not
widespread, underscored the need for further investigation to determine whether it was a natural anomaly or
a result of CCS-related processes. Long-term monitoring remains necessary to distinguish between natural
underground changes and any effects of CCS. This will help protect groundwater while ensuring that CCS
continues to be a safe and sustainable solution for reducing CO2 emissions.
Land Tenure Governance in the First Decades of the 21st Century: Progress, Challenges, and Lessons from 18 Countries
Authors: Wegerif Marc C. A. , Coulibaly Mohamed , Ouedraogo Hubert
Published: January 2025

This article is based on a review of the governance of land tenure in 18 countries – 16 in Africa and two in Asia - carried out from 2021 to 2023. It uses international guidelines on land policy and tenure governance as benchmarks to assess progress in each country through reviewing policy documents and literature, and getting inputs from key informants. There has been significant progress on land tenure policies that have improved the recognition of customary and other communal land rights and improved women’s land rights. The formal registration of individual communal land rights has now been done cost effectively, and with more rights going to women in a number of settings, and it has not led to widespread commoditisation or land dispossession. There is a mixed picture with countries trying different ways to grapple with common challenges such as securing customary tenure rights, unlocking development potential, improving women’s land rights, and managing the contesting interests in land. There are important examples of best practices in some countries that can be learnt from, such as the legislation of FPIC requirements and fit for purpose land rights certification. Despite progress, too many people are not enjoying the benefits of improved land tenure security with some countries still needing to bring in new legislation and others needing to improve implementation. More needs to be learnt from the range of different approaches to dealing with land tenure as national governments attempt to find solutions that accommodate contesting interests. The lessons and trends identified will be of value to country level and international work on improving land tenure governance.
Multidimensional Fuzzy Transforms with Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation for Data Regression
Authors: Cardone Barbara , Di Martino Ferdinando
Published: January 2025

The main limitation of the Multidimensional Fuzzy Transform algorithm applied in regression analysis is the fact that it cannot be used if the data are not dense enough with respect to the fuzzy partitions; in these cases, less fine fuzzy partitions must be used to the detriment of the accuracy of the results. In this work, a variation of the Multidimensional Fuzzy Transform regression algorithm is proposed in which the Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method is applied as a data augmentation algorithm to satisfy the criterion of sufficient data density with respect to the fuzzy partitions. A preprocessing phase determines the optimal values of the parameters to be set in the algorithm's execution. Comparative tests with other well-known regression methods are performed on five regression datasets extracted from the UCI Machine Learning repository. The results show that the proposed method provides the best performance, in terms of regression error reductions.
Mapping Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in the Era of Mounting Drug Resistance
Authors: Shizawi Nawal AL , Jabri Zaaima AL , Khan Fatima , Sami Hiba , Al Siyabi Turkiya , Muharrmi Zakariya AL , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Rizvi Meher
Published: January 2025

Background: Mapping the local etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of pathogens causing complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) is important for promoting evidence based antimicrobial prescribing. WGS plays an important role in genomic surveillance of AMR and understanding circulating clades. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of patients presenting with cUTI were analysed. ESBLs, AmpC β-lactamases, and CRE were detected by combined disc test (ESBL), D69C AmpC detection set (AmpC) and KPC/IMP/NDM/VIM/OXA-48 Combo test kit (CRE). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out in eleven E. coli AmpC and twenty-two K. pneumoniae CRE isolates. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using online tools. Results: The susceptibility patterns of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were as follows: nitrofurantoin (96%, 38%), fosfomycin (100%,89%), fluoroquinolones (44%, 47%), aminoglycosides (93%, 82%), piperacillin-tazobactam (95%,72% ) and carbapenems (98%, 83%). The overall prevalence of ESBL among E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 37.2%, while the estimated prevalence of AmpC was 5.4% and the prevalence of CRE was 6.2%. E. coli was the predominant ESBL and AmpC producer, whereas K. pneumoniae was the major CRE producer. Nine E. coli MLST lineages were identified: ST-10, ST-69, ST-77, ST-131, ST-156, ST-167, ST-361, ST-1125 and ST-2520, while in K. pneumoniae 5 MLST lineages were observed: ST-2096, ST-231, ST-147, ST-1770 and ST-111. ST-2096 (12 isolates) and ST-147 (7 isolates) predominated.
WGS revealed DHA-1 as the predominant plasmid-mediated AmpC gene, while OXA-232 and NDM-5 as the most common carbapenemase genes. All E. coli DHA-1 positive isolates co-harboured the quinolone resistance gene qnrB4 and the sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 while no aminoglycoside resistance genes were detected. The majority of CRE K. pneumoniae carried other β-lactamase genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV, blaTEM, and all co-harboured the quinolone resistance gene OqxAB and 77% carried the aminoglycoside resistance gene armA. Conclusions: Fosfomycin is an excellent choice for treating complicated cystitis caused by multi drug resistant pathogens. Nitrofurantoin retains excellent activity against E. coli but not K. pneumoniae. Aminoglycosides and piperacillin tazobactam are alternatives which spare carbapenems. WGS results revealed DHA-1 was the predominant AmpC while OXA-232 and NDM-5 were the circulating carbapenemases. In AmpC producing E.coli no MLST predominated while in CRE Klebsiella pneumoniae ST-2096 and ST-147 predominated.
The Impact of Digital Technology on Total Factor Productivity in Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Tu Jian , Razik Muhammad Ashlyzan
Published: January 2025

Digital technology drives high-quality development in manufacturing while serving as a critical enabler for advancing the digital economy. Using data from the Chinese list of manufacturing enterprises from 2012 to 2023, this study empirically analyzes the impact of digital technology on total factor productivity (TFP) in manufacturing and its mechanism of action and further explores its heterogeneity. The results show that digital technology has significantly promoted total factor productivity in manufacturing; this effect was still valid after a series of robustness tests and endogeneity tests were conducted. The mechanism analysis indicated that digital technology enhances total factor productivity in the manufacturing enterprises through the enhancement of the innovation ability of enterprises and the reduction in the operation and management costs. The heterogeneity analysis showed that digital technology has a more significant effect on the total factor productivity enhancement of enterprises in the eastern region, state-owned enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprises. The conclusions provide clear policy implications for the promotion of the digital transformation of enterprises, accelerating the formation of high-quality productivity in enterprises, and promoting the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.
Development of Hydrazone-Derived Lanthanide Complexes and Materials Aiming Dual Biological Applications
Authors: Gaia Iara Alice Teixeira , Obata Malu Mateus Santos , Perini Hugo Felix , Matos Beatriz Sodré , Borges Alice P. , do Carmo Marcos Eduardo Gomes , Patrocinio Antonio Otavio de Toledo , da Silva Marcos Vinicius , da Silva Ricardo Souza , Maia Pedro Ivo da Silva
Published: January 2025

The constant evolution of bacteria makes the search for new and effective bactericidal agents essential. In this context, developing antibacterial compounds with luminescent properties offers a promising strategy to investigate intracellular biochemical processes while simultaneously assessing the drug's effects. In the present work, coordination polymers of composition [{M(L1)2}{M(L1)(H2O)2}]n (M = Sm3+, Gd3+, and Yb3+) were obtained from reactions of their respective lanthanide salts with 1.5 equivalent of the ligand 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diylidene)diisonicotinohydrazide (H2L1). The techniques used for characterization of the compounds included FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, emission spectra were obtained at room temperature and at 77 K, along with emission spectra in the presence of oxygen or argon. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and their clinical resistant strains - MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). It was observed that, upon complexation, there was a general increase in the activity, particularly with a more pronounced percentage of inhibition against bacterial biofilms. Additionally, the complex [{Yb(L1)2}{Yb(L1)(H2O)2}]n was used for functionalization of Bi2O3/Bi2S3 nanoparticles, however, a fluorescence suppression was observed for the Yb-containing nanoparticles. Finally, cellular internalization studies demonstrated that the Ln³⁺ polymers alone could be detected inside Vero cells through their luminescence properties. Altogether, these lanthanide complexes present potential for dual-modality biological performance, combining significant antibacterial activity with the ability for intracellular detection.
Neonatal Fpies: Current Insights and Knowledge Gaps
Authors: D’Auria Enza , Ferrigno Cristina , Baldassarre M.E , Pellicani S. , Di Gallo Anna , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Agosti Massimo , Salvatore Silvia
Published: January 2025

Acute and chronic FPIES have been well characterized in children.
Few data still exist on neonatal FPIES (N-FPIES) which may involve a distinct pathophysiology and is characterized by specific clinical features which make challenging the diagnosis.
Although risk factors remain poorly understood, scientific evidence suggests that gut microbiota alterations may play an important role in the development of FPIES.
In regard to N-FPIES clinical presentation, there is evidence of two distinct phenotypes, according to the presence or absence of bloody stools.
Although N-FPIES shares symptom similarities with infant acute FPIES, it may not fully meet the diagnostic criteria at onset.
The present review highlights our current understanding of N-FPIES, focusing on risk factors, including microbiota alterations, clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis with other neonatal medical and surgical conditions.
In addition, current treatment strategies for both term and preterm infants are also described and commented.
Refining diagnostic criteria for N-FPIES represents a clinical priority to help physicians in approaching this challenging condition. Last, but not least, larger clinical trials are needed to optimize treatment practices in term and preterm newborns with FPIES.
Optimizing the Architecture of a Quantum-Classical Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Forecasting Ozone Concentrations: Air Quality Management Tool for Houston, Texas
Authors: Oliveira Santos Victor , Costa Rocha Paulo Alexandre , Thé Jesse Van Griensven , Gharabaghi Bahram
Published: January 2025

Keeping track of the air quality is paramount to issue preemptive measures to mitigate their adversarial effects on the population. This study introduces a new quantum-classical approach, combining a graph-based deep learning structure with a quantum neural network one to predict ozone concentration up to 6 hours ahead. The proposed architecture used historical data from Houston, Texas, a major urban area that often falls short of complying with air quality regulations. Our results revealed that a smoother transition between the classical framework and its quantum counterpart enhances the model’s results. Moreover, we observed that merging min-max normalization with increased ansatz repetitions also improved the hybrid model’s performance. This is made clear by evaluating the assessment metrics Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2) and Forecast Skill (FS). Values for R2 and FS for the horizons considered were 94.12% and 31.01% for 1-hour, 83.94% and 48.01% for 3-hour, and 75.62% and 57.46% for 6-hour forecasts. A comparison with existing literature for both classical and QML models revealed that the proposed methodology could provide competitive results and even surpass some well-established forecasting models, proving to be a valuable resource for air quality forecasting and thus validating this approach.
Deep Learning for MRI-based Acute and Subacute Ischaemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation—A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Pilot Evaluation of Key Results
Authors: Baaklini Makram , Valdés Hernández Maria
Published: January 2025

Background: Segmentation of ischaemic stroke lesions from magnetic resonance images (MRI) remains a challenging task mainly due to the confounding appearance of these lesions with other pathologies, and variations in their presentation depending on the lesion stage (i.e., hyper-acute, acute, sub-acute and chronic). Works on the theme have been reviewed, but none of the reviews have addressed the seminal question on what would be the optimal architecture to address this challenge. We systematically reviewed the literature (2015-2023) for deep learning algorithms that segment acute and/or sub-acute stroke lesions on brain MRI seeking to address this question, meta-analysed the data extracted, and evaluated the results. Methods and Materials: Our review, registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023481551), involved a systematic search from January 2015 to December 2023 in the following databases: IEE Explore, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PubMed, Springer, and OpenReview.net. We extracted sample characteristics, stroke stage, imaging protocols, and algorithms, and meta-analysed the data extracted. We assessed the risk of bias using NIH’s study quality assessment tool, and finally, evaluated our results using data from the ISLES-2015-SISS dataset. Results: From 1485 papers, 39 were ultimately retained. 13/39 studies incorporated attention mechanisms in their architecture, and 37/39 studies used the Dice Similarity Coefficient to assess algorithm performance. The generalisability of the algorithms reviewed was generally below par. In our pilot analysis, the UResNet50 configuration, which was developed based on the most comprehensive architectural components identified from the reviewed studies, demonstrated a better segmentation performance than the attention-based AG-UResNet50. Conclusion: We found no evidence that favours using attention mechanisms in deep learning architectures for acute stroke lesion segmentation on MRI data, and the use of a U-Net configuration with residual connections seems to be the most appropriate configuration for this task.
Genomic Insights and Antimicrobial Potential of newly Streptomyces cavourensis Isolated from a RAMSAR Wetland Ecosystem
Authors: Benhadj Mabrouka , Menasria Taha , Zaatout Nawel , Ranque Stéphane
Published: January 2025

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance underscores the urgent need to identify new bioactive compounds. In this study, a Streptomyces strain ACT158, was isolated from a RAMSAR wetland ecosystem, exhibited broad-spectrum effects against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungal pathogens. The active strain was characterized as S. cavourensis according to its morphology, phylogenetic analysis, average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and annotation revealed a genome size of 6.86 Mb with 5,122 coding sequences linked to carbohydrate metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and stress re-sponses. Genome mining through antiSMASH revealed 32 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including those encoding polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, and terpenes, many of which showed low similarity to known clusters. Comparative genomic analysis, showing high genomic synteny with closely related strains. Unique genomic features of ACT158 included additional BGCs and distinct genes associated with biosynthesis pathways and stress adaptation. These findings highlight the strain’s potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds and provide insights into its genomic basis for antimicro-bial production, ecological and biotechnological significance.
Time-Like Extra Dimensions: Quantum Nonlocality, Spin, and Tsirelson Bound
Authors: Furquan Mohammad , Singh Tejinder P. , Wesley P Samuel
Published: January 2025

The E8 ⊗ E8 octonionic theory of unification suggests that our universe is six-dimensional and that the two extra dimensions are timelike. These timelike extra dimensions, in principle, offer an explanation of the quantum nonlocality puzzle, also known as the EPR paradox. Quantum systems access all six dimensions whereas classical systems such as detectors experience only four dimensions. Therefore, correlated quantum events which are timelike separated in 6D can appear to be spacelike separated, and hence nonlocal, when projected to 4D. Our lack of awareness of the extra timelike dimensions creates the illusion of nonlocality whereas in reality the communication obeys special relativity and is local. Bell inequalities continue to be violated because quantum correlations continue to hold. In principle, this idea can be tested experimentally. We develop our analysis after first constructing the Dirac equation in 6D using quaternions, and using the equation to derive spin matrices in 6D and then in 4D. We also show that the Tsirelson bound of the CHSH inequality can in principle be violated in 6D.
Navigating Ontological Insecurity: Ideological Instability and Identity Confusion in Bangladesh
Authors: K C Monnappa
Published: January 2025

Navigating Ontological Insecurity: Ideological Instability and Identity Confusion in Bangladesh
Abstract
The article delves into the ontological insecurity permeating Bangladesh, elucidating how its fluctuating ideological orientations and identity ambiguities have perpetuated national instability. By tracing the historical trajectory — from British India to East Bengal, then East Pakistan, and ultimately Bangladesh — this analysis reveals the deep-seated roots of the country’s identity crisis. The study employs a sociological lens to understand how ideological oscillations between secularism and Islamization, compounded by varying governance models, have exacerbated social fragmentation and weakened national coherence. Theoretical constructs from political science, particularly the concepts of ontological security and identity politics, are used to interpret the persistent instability in Bangladesh.
The article underscores the detrimental effects of these ideological vacillations on social cohesion, manifesting in heightened sectarian tensions and a fragmented national identity. It further explores how policy instability, driven by inconsistent governance and fluctuating ideological frameworks, impedes economic development by deterring investment and diverting focus from essential reforms. Through an examination of key historical events and their socio-political repercussions, such as the impact of the partition of India and the subsequent rise of political Islam, the article highlights the tangible consequences of ontological insecurity on Bangladesh’s political and socio-economic landscape.
The discussion emphasizes the imperative for a stable framework to address these issues. This includes reconciling historical and cultural elements, establishing inclusive governance structures, and fostering a cohesive national identity. By integrating insights from both sociological and political science perspectives, the article advocates for a comprehensive approach to mitigate the effects of ontological insecurity, aiming to guide Bangladesh towards a more stable and prosperous future.
Artıfıcıal Intellıgence Applıcatıons ın Prımary Educatıon: A Quantıtatıvely-Supported Mıxed-Meta Method Study
Authors: Topkaya Yavuz , Doğan Yunus , Batdı Veli , Aydın Sami
Published: January 2025

Education systems are undergoing radical transformations under the influence of digital transformation. One of the leading actors in this digital transformation is Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. This study evaluates the effects of various variables related to AI applications in primary education using a mixed-meta method integrated with quantitative analysis. As part of the mixed-meta method, a meta-analysis of data from studies conducted between 2005 and 2025 was performed using the CMA software. The analysis revealed a moderate effect size of g = 0.51. To ensure the validity of the meta-analysis results and enhance their scope, a meta-thematic analysis was conducted, where content analysis identified themes and codes. In the final phase of the study, an evaluation form prepared within the framework of the Rasch measurement model was administered to primary school teachers to support the findings obtained from the mixed-meta method. The data collected were analyzed using the FACETS software. The study's results indicated that, in the meta-analysis of documents, AI studies were predominantly conducted in mathematics education at the primary level. In the meta-thematic analysis, themes emerged regarding the impact of AI applications on learning environments, challenges encountered during implementation, and proposed solutions. In the Rasch measurement model process, it was observed that AI applications were widely used in science and mathematics curricula (FBP-4 and MP-2). Among the evaluators (raters), J2 was the most lenient scorer, while J11 was the strictest. Regarding the items on the use of AI applications, the statement "I can enable students to prepare a presentation describing their environment using AI tools" (I17) was identified as the most challenging, whereas the statement "I know how to use AI applications effectively in classroom activities" (I14) was the easiest. The findings indicate that the data obtained from the different analysis processes complement and support each other. It is anticipated that the study's results will guide future research and applications in this field and make significant contributions to the domain
Simulation and Analysis of Influence of Vacuum Back Pressure Environment on Laser Thruster
Authors: Wen Ming , Du Baosheng , Cui Haichao , Han Jianhui
Published: January 2025

The paper presents a simulation physical model of laser thruster under vacuum back pressure environment. Through the finite difference method and the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) calculation method, based on the actual laser thruster structure and working mode, the changes of the flow field distribution in the laser thruster plume under different vacuum back pressure conditions are obtained. The influence of different vacuum back pressure conditions on the plume density field and velocity field of the thruster was verified through physical experiments, and the evolution process of the plume flow field during laser ablation of polyamide glycidyl ether (GAP) solid target material was analyzed in detail. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results, and the deviation between the simulated data and the test data from 0 to 3000ns is less than 10.4%. It presents a foundation for the prediction model of laser thruster under vacuum environment, and provides an important reference for ground test and in-orbit application of satellite laser propulsion system.
Binding of Pro-inflammatory Proteins S100A8 or S100A9 to Amyloid-β Peptide Suppresses Its Fibrillation
Authors: Litus Ekaterina A. , Shevelyova Marina P. , Vologzhannikova Alisa A. , Deryusheva Evgenia I. , Machulin Andrey V. , Nemashkalova Ekaterina L. , Permyakova Maria E. , Sokolov Andrey S. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Permyakov Sergei E.
Published: January 2025

Human serum albumin (HSA) is a natural depot of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ), a key player in the Alzheimer's disease (AD). HSA and pro-inflammatory Ca2+-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9 are involved in Aβ metabolism and its deposition in the brain, serve as probable triggers and therapeutic targets in AD, but their interplay with regard to Aβ binding/fibrillation is unclear. To this end, here we explore in vitro binding of Ca2+-bound S100A8 or S100A9 to monomeric Aβ and influence of the S100 proteins on Aβ fibrillation. The equilibrium dissociation constants of the complexes of dimeric S100A8/S100A9 with Aβ40/42 estimated by biolayer interferometry are of 1-5 µM. S100A8 and S100A9 interfere with HSA binding to Aβ. Thioflavin T assay and electron microscopy data show that micromolar S100A8/S100A9 inhibit Aβ40 fibrillation, and the inhibitory effect of S100A8 exceeds that for HSA. The competition for Aβ between HSA and S100A8/S100A9 may contribute to the Aβ-HSA imbalance in the pro-inflammatory conditions in AD.
Empowering Education with Intelligent Systems: Exploring LLMs and the NAO Robot for Information Retrieval
Authors: Fragakis Nikos , Trichopoulos Georgios , Caridakis George
Published: January 2025

Unlocking more aspects of human cognitive structuring, human-AI, and human-robot interaction requires increasingly advanced communication skills on both the human and robot sides. This paper compares three methods of retrieving cultural heritage information in primary school education: search engines, large language models (LLMs), and the NAO humanoid robot, which serves as a facilitator with programmed answering capabilities for convergent questions. Human-robot interaction has become a critical aspect of modern education, with robots like the NAO providing new opportunities for engaging and personalized learning experiences. The NAO, with its anthropomorphic design and ability to interact with students, presents a unique approach to fostering deeper connections with educational content, particularly in the context of cultural heritage. The paper includes an introduction, an extensive literature review, methodology, research results from student questionnaires, and conclusions. The findings highlight the potential of intelligent and embodied technologies in enhancing knowledge retrieval and engagement, demonstrating the NAO’s ability to adapt to student needs and facilitate more dynamic learning interactions.
Navigating the Climate Change: A Framework for Renewable Energy Investments under Uncertainty
Authors: Nefzi Aida Arbi
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we analyze the multidimensional characteristics of climate change in a dynamic decision-making framework, considering the concepts of uncertainty and irreversibility. It provides a lens on the many aspects of climate change and ways that policy and other strategies can drive change. It examines where climate models came from and the controversies surrounding their accuracy. It also argues that some key lessons have emerged from international agreements around climate change. To this end, the objective is to provide actionable solutions for greenhouse gas emissions reduction, building climate resilience, and establishing sustainable futures for vulnerable communities. The paper highlights the importance of investments in renewable energy to mitigate climate risks and increase resiliency across the globe. The framework addresses cost variability, adoption probabilities, and discount rates to provide practical recommendations and policy frameworks for decision-makers and financiers to facilitate the transition to renewable energy strategies. Thereby contributing to sustainable development and enhanced climate resilience.
Historical Evolution and Modern Advances in Vesicular Nanocarriers
Authors: Sengar Ashutosh
Published: January 2025

Vesicular nanocarriers are the new revolutionary drugs delivery system, providing precision and efficiency unparalleled in drug application therapy. In particular, the paper would attempt to trace the historic past of discovering liposomes. Further development was carried out regarding this technology for advanced drug carrying and tackling fundamental steps in bringing drugs to the clinic by commercialization through the translation of their clinical aspect that way; by it, one is underlining a role in contributing to progress in terms of care. Elucidation of emergent systems that include archaeosomes and glycerosomes will involve their structural advantage and versatility to address drug delivery challenges across various dermal, oral, and systemic routes. The paper will then elucidate industrial bottlenecks in terms of manufacturing and scale-up and on the related challenge of quality control in the issue of stability and degradation of these vesicular systems. Thus, hybrid vesicular systems, optimization through AI drives, and innovative sustainable manufacturing approaches are the leading solutions to face these challenges. This article based on synthesizing historical insights in modern innovations covers the current situation and future developments of vesicular drug delivery. The results showed that vesicular nanocarriers have incredible potential to shift towards personalized as well as target-specific therapeutics, opening significant avenues for breaking through nanomedical frontiers.
The Role of Pulmonary Artery Obstruction Index Ratio in Predicting Clinical Course in Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Atik Serap , Ergün Recai , Ergün Dilek , Narin Çopur Ecem , Kilinçer Abidin , Körez M.Kazım
Published: January 2025

Background/Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pulmonary arterial computed tomography obstruction index ratio (CTOI) and simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI), one of the clinical probability scoring modalities, in determining the severity of PE and to determine whether CTOI is a mortality marker. Methods: The study included 117 patients diagnosed with PE by Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA). CTOI was determined according to the localization of the embolus and the obstruction caused by the embolus in the vessel. Patients were divided into groups according to sPESI. Patient deaths up to six months after PE diagnosis were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of mortality. Results: According to sPESI classification, there was no difference in CTOI between high-risk and low-risk groups. After six months of follow-up, there was no difference in CTOI rate between the patients who died and those who survived. Conclusion Although CTPA is the gold standard for diagnosing PE, it would be more appropriate to use it together with clinical findings to determine the severity of the disease. Further evaluation is needed to investigate the usefulness of the obstruction index and CT findings of right ventricular dysfunction for classifying patient risk and determining therapeutic options.
Cotton Swab-Based Sers Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection with Year-Long Stability and Multiple Recyclability
Authors: Tran Minh Hoang , Luong Anh Duc , Nguyen Chi Linh Thao , Hoang Minh Duy , Khai Tran Van
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the development of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates has seen significant advancement. In this research, we successfully fabricated cotton swab-based SERS substrates using a facile solution-based method. Our SERS substrates showed not only ultrasensitive detection capability but also impressive long-term stability and multiple recyclability rounds. In particular, we reported a detection limit of 10-12 M RhB and a detectable concentration of thiophanate methyl as low as 10-10 M using our cotton swab-based SERS substrates. The stability of our substrates reached a 12-month mark, and they were recycled as many as five times simply by cleaning them with ozone. We look forward to expanding the applicability of our cotton-swab based SERS substrates to various types of analytes as well as optimizing our cotton-swab based SERS substrates for longer stability and more recyclability.
Iron Deficiency Anemia and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Nekemte Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Western Ethiopia, 2023: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Boto Amanuel Kebede , Jilo Gemechu Kejela , Abdi Wolkite Olani , Guteta Endalu Tesfaye
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Iron deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the most widespread nutritional problem in the world causing 75% of anemia among pregnant women. Despite the wider scope of the problem, limited evidence has been documented to disclose the magnitude of Iron deficiency anemia and associated factors in women attending Antenatal care unit in Ethiopia, including the study area. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomely selected 169 pregnant women attending antenatal care unit from July 01 to August 30, 2023 in Nekemte Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Western Oromia. The data was collected using pretested structured questionnaires. Hemolobin, mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin concentration were measured using automated, quality-controled hematology analyzer (Japan, Sysmex corporation). After collection, the data was entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and analyzed using Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify predictors of IDA. Adjusted odd ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to measure the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables. Level of statistical significance was declared at pvalue <0.05. Finally, the results were presented using text, tables, and charts. Result: The magnitude of iron deficiency anemia using a cut off level mean cell volume (MCV)<80fl and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) < 32g/dl was 10.06% (95%CI: 6.2%-15.3%). History of chronic illness (AOR=4.62; 95%CI: 1.54-13.81), undernutrition (MUAC<23) (AOR=3.84; 95%CI: 1.14-12.94)] and initiation of ANC at second trimester (AOR=4.94; 95%CI: 1.37, 17.79) showed significant association with iron deficiency anemia among pregnant Women. Conclusion: The magnitude of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women in this study was mild. Having history of chronic illness, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <23cm and initiation of antenatal care at second trimester were significant predictors of IDA among pregnant women. Thus, regular medical checkup, early initiation of antenatal care and providing information on dietary diversity practice are vital to prevent IDA among pregnant women in the study area.
Predictive potential of serum-free calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in second-trimester pregnancy loss: a case-control study
Authors:   Al-Elwiya Maternity Educational Hospital, Al-Risafah Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Salman A.H. , Husain T.H. ,   Al-Elwiya Maternity Educational Hospital, Al-Risafah Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Hamzah H.J. ,   Al-Elwiya Maternity Educational Hospital, Al-Risafah Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Abd Oun R.D. ,   Al-Elwiya Maternity Educational Hospital, Al-Risafah Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Shallal M.M. ,   University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: January 2025

Objective. To examine the correlation between the levels of calcitonin hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum-free calcium with second-trimester abortion. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the changes in calcitonin hormone, PTH, and serum-free calcium levels across the three trimesters of pregnancy.
Patient and methods. A case-control study was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019. The study included 75 pregnant women, with 30 women diagnosed with second-trimester pregnancy loss and 45 normal pregnant women serving as the control group. Serum-free calcium, PTH, and calcitonin levels were assessed using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.
Results. Serum-free calcium and intact PTH (iPTH) were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. Serum-free calcium was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group during the second and third trimesters. In the control group, serum-free calcium was significantly higher in the first trimester than in the second trimester. PTH levels were significantly higher in the study group during the second trimester compared to the control group. Furthermore, calcitonin levels were significantly higher in both the study and third trimester control groups than in the first trimester control groups. Free calcium had similar sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) values, iPTH had higher SN compared to its SP, while calcitonin had higher SP compared to its SN; in terms of accuracy, free Ca had the highest value followed by iPTH and calcitonin.
Conclusion. Both free calcium and PTH demonstrate diagnostic benefits in predicting second-trimester abortion. They exhibit a superior ability to exclude the diagnosis of second-trimester pregnancy loss, with accuracy ranging from 78% to 81%. Furthermore, free calcium is effective in confirming the diagnosis of second-trimester pregnancy loss at a cut-off point of >1.189 mmol/L.
Key words: calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, calcium, second trimester pregnancy, abortion
Nutrients in the comprehensive treatment of endometriosis
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dzgoeva F.Kh. , Gasieva D.M. ,   National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kalashnikova M.F. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Sheremetyeva E.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shilenkova E.S. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kalashnikov D.V. ,   Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khabarova M.B. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chilova R.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Davydov A.I. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2025

Endometriosis is traditionally treated with medications and surgical interventions to suppress inflammation and excess estrogen production. Given the current knowledge of the involvement of immune and pro-inflammatory factors in the development of pathophysiological process, researchers and practitioners continue to actively search for alternative approaches to treating endometriosis, including the use of certain vitamins, nutritional supplements, and a balanced diet, which may help to significantly improve treatment efficacy and prevent recurrence. This article presents a review of studies on the efficacy of various nonpharmacological therapies and a balanced diet based on their ability to exert anti-inflammatory effects (polyphenols, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids), or to induce antioxidant effects (vitamins C and E), or to maintain and regulate the immune response (vitamin D) in the comprehensive treatment of endometriosis.
Key words: vitamin D, vitamin C, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, endometriosis
ANALISIS KONFLIK TENURIAL TAMAN WISATA ALAM BUKIT KABA KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG
Authors: Wijayanti Ayu , Reinaldi Reinaldi , Kusumo Jamaludin Winarhadi
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted to find out about land conflicts that had occurred for a long time and disturbed the people around the Bukit Kaba Nature Park area, Kepahiang Regency, which resulted in the arrest of several residents around the area. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, FGDs and observations, which are then analyzed using a rapid land tenure assessment and conflict theory by Ralf Dahrendorf to identify the parties involved, the power of attorney, governance, and licensing arrangements in the area. The results determined that the parties involved were transmigrant communities, ministries in charge of forestry, Bengkulu provincial government, the Bengkulu BKSDA, the Bengkulu Provincial Ombudsman, the District Head, forest rangers, Sub-District Head, Kepahiang Police Chief, Village government, private parties, and Akar Foundation. The involvement of several of these parties has an impact on power, governance and licensing arrangements, where researchers found that there was conflict between the government and the transmigrant community in the distribution of managed land as a result of changes in territorial status and changes in the types of plants allowed to be planted, resulting in restrictions on the community's economic activities. According to the regulations in effect at the time.

 
PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA TERHADAP CHILDFREE OLEH KAUM LIBERALIS
Authors: Millah Fithrotunna Muqowwamatul
Published: January 2025

The world is having globalization, especially in culture. Childfree is one of the many cultures as well as the ideology of western society which has been globalization into the layers of Indonesian society. This has received public scrutiny because it is considered to be very incompatible with the idealistic Indonesian family culture. To find out the public's view of childfree by liberalism, the authors use a comparative method by making comparisons of the variables tested. The results of the research show that people who are against childfree are people who have high religious values and have a strong spirit of upheld culture. Meanwhile, the majority of people who are pro with western ideology are the millennial generation who have precipitated citizenship rights but have not acculturated a new culture. They are individuals who really care about their future careers. Childfree is a western culture that enters Indonesia and undermines society's construction of the ideal family. However, if we review it again, the western ideology, which is considered too liberal by the people, contains the value of rights as citizens which cannot be interfered with by other people in statutory regulations.
SOLIDARITAS SOSIAL PETANI PADI PADA TRADISI IRUTAN DI DESA KEDUNGMENTAWAR KECAMATAN NGIMBANG KABUPATEN LAMONGAN
Authors: Surya Listya Dewi , Satriyati Ekna
Published: January 2025

Indonesia is a country rich in culture. In everyday life, people still apply traditions, norms and regional methods that apply in social life. One of the traditions that are still used in everyday life is the Irutan Tradition. A tradition that prioritizes active communication between participants to find solutions to problems experienced by farmers. The aim of this research is to explain the forms of the Irutan Tradition which encapsulate the social solidarity of the rice farming community in farming life as a local resistance in the current global era. This research uses a qualitative research method which describes the research results descriptively and uses a case study approach and uses a purposive sampling technique, namely determining informants based on certain characteristics. The results of this research are that the Irutan Tradition is a solution to farmers' problems when working on their rice fields regarding capital and tools... apart from that, the Irutan Tradition can also be a reinforcement of social solidarity in the Kedungmentawar Village community which has an impact on the emotional attachment of rice farmers so that can achieve a life of harmony and prosperity.