bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Workload Assessment and Its Effects on Middle and Senior Managers in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Realyvásquez-Vargas Arturo , Z-Flores Emigdio , Morales Lilia-Cristina , García-Alcaraz Jorge Luis
Published: September 2021

This chapter aims to know the mental workload level and its effects on middle and senior managers in manufacturing companies. The chapter aims to know the mental workload level related to gender, age range, civil status, number of children, years of experience, and worked hours per week. As method, the NASA-TLX method was implemented. This method measures mental workload based on six dimensions: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, effort, performance, and frustration level. Data was collected by applying an online questionnaire. Results indicated that some dimensions contributed to mental workload in the following decreasing order: mental demand, temporal demand, effort, performance, frustration level, and physical demand. Similarly, results from mental workload level varied from 55.73 to 64.10. Nevertheless, there was no clear relationship between the gender, age range, civil status, number of children, years of experience, worked hours per week, and mental workload level. Finally, employees manifested mental workload mainly due to stress, mental fatigue, and headache.
Burnout and Obesity in Middle and Upper Management in the Manufacturing Industry of Baja California
Authors: Velasquez Sharon Idali Macias , Baez-Lopez Yolanda Angelica , Maldonado-Macías Aidé Aracely , Limon-Romero Jorge , Tlapa Diego
Published: September 2021

Globally, companies are increasingly considering the importance of mental health in workers and their relationship with productivity, which has led to increased research on work stress, which showed that there is a relationship between stress related to work and health disorders, both physical and mental. This chapter addresses the analysis of two of the main consequences that a worker can develop when having work stress: burnout syndrome, measured by the Maslach burnout inventory general survey (MBI-GS) and obesity, through the body mass index (BMI). The study was carried out in 118 people who occupy middle and upper management of the manufacturing industry of Baja California, having as objective to find the relationship that exists between the two variables, using ordinal logistic regression, as well as to characterize the sample using mean difference and hypothesis testing. From this perspective, this chapter can serve as a guide to study the behavior of variables and propose organizational development strategies aimed at reducing and preventing these problems.
Analysis of Role Stress in the Indian IT Industry
Authors: Rathore Shubhangini
Published: September 2021

Contemporary industries face new competition requiring employees to work for longer hours under competitive time-bound deadlines. Prolonged exposure to such stressful situations leads to a depletion and exhaustion of resources in the mind and body with dysfunctional effects on job performance and overall organizational effectiveness. The Indian IT industry is a fast-paced service industry that is characterized by such stressful work situations and related outcomes. This chapter analyses the various factors that contribute to organizational stress and the role of demographic factors on role stress among the professionals of the Indian IT industry. A sample of 250 employees has been collected from the Delhi NCR region. Role stress has been measured by using the ORS scale which comprises of 10 dimensions of the role of stress that are measured by 50 items. The results show that there is a considerable amount of work related stress along with a significant impact of demographic factors on the role of stress amongst the IT professionals.
Individual Risk Assessment (ERIN)
Authors: Rodríguez Yordán
Published: September 2021

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) prevention has become a global phenomenon and nowadays is one of the main challenges that ergonomics and work safety professionals face. The evaluation of risk factors exposition related to the WMSDs is one of the main activities that are performed for prevention. In order to accomplish it, many ergonomic assessment methods have been developed. In this chapter, an ergonomic observational individual risk assessment (ERIN) method is presented, which is distinguished for being easy to learn, apply, and it needs short training time. Results on the reliability, validity, and usability studies of ERIN are included too, as well as an example of how it can be used in the workplace intervention process.
Work Leadership, Occupational Health, and Safety
Authors: Akinbode Gabriel
Published: September 2021

Occupational health and safety (OHS) systems are designed to identify and minimize risks at the workplace. A thriving business community should seek to create jobs, wealth, good leadership, safe, and healthy working conditions that are essential for production of goods and provisions of services. Therefore, managers have a legal and moral duty to safeguard the health and safety of those who work for them, and the exercise of these duties needs to be seen as central to the role of leadership. There is a growing interest among researchers and organizational practitioners about occupational safety in recent years. The chapter provides an exhaustive discourse on the relevance of occupational health and safety systems in modern day workplaces as well as the nexus between management leadership and occupational health and safety. It highlights the guiding principles to leadership and key issues in efficient administration of OHS. The chapter concludes by recommending the role leaders should play to improve safety and health in the workplace.
Corporate Governance and the Future of Work, Work-Family Satisfaction, and Employee Well-Being
Authors: Van Cleave Alfred Kent
Published: September 2021

This chapter examines the issues of work satisfaction, employee well-being, and the future of work from the perspective of and as impacted by two prominent and contemporary models of corporate governance. It begins with an examination of work satisfaction and leadership, informed by motivation, leadership, and workplace attachment theories, then discusses how these theories have been impacted by changes in corporate governance. Present-day implications of corporate governance on work satisfaction and well-being are examined, followed by the implications of these considerations for the future of work in the fourth industrial revolution.
Launching Diversity-Intelligent Strategies in Organizations
Authors: Hughes Claretha
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to provide diversity intelligent strategies that can be used by leaders to eliminate ineffective diversity efforts, enhance effective diversity efforts, and provide new diversity intelligent strategies in organizations. Integrating DQ alongside emotional, cultural, and intellectual intelligences in the workplace can strengthen the effectiveness of leaders' people management efforts. Most employees enter organizations with the expectation of having positive experiences with their leaders and achieving success towards their career goals. Yet, many are marginalized or limited in their opportunities for advancement for reasons of which they have no control. The eradication of ineffective training and development of diversity must occur for effective change to occur. Credible DQ, ethical and legal issues, and workforce inter-personnel diversity training programs must be launched by HRD professionals and organization leaders so that leaders are developed to provide employees with fair and just treatment and successful career development will ensue.
The Role of the Supervisor in Creating and Maintaining an Emotionally Healthy Workplace
Authors: Tureen Amy
Published: September 2021

Supervisors, be they employed in higher education or in other industries, operate in capacities that allow them to shape organizational cultures within their departments, divisions, colleges, or broader units. Within the higher educational model, this means that supervisors are uniquely placed to counteract negative elements within the culture of academia, which historically has tended to prioritize individual competitive output, with alternative models that may offer improvements to the emotional health and well-being of higher education employees. This chapter seeks to describe the impact of stress on the health of workers, the employment stressors that are unique to higher education, and the processes by which supervisors in higher education can use their positional power to counteract said stressors and improve academic organizational cultures. The chapter includes practical suggestions for supervisors to enhance wellness and decrease emotional harm in scenarios common to the higher education workplace as identified via social media crowdsourcing.
Twenty-First Century Issues Impacting Turnover of IT Professionals
Authors: Ford Valerie , Swayze Susan
Published: September 2021

Identifying the precursors of turnover has been the subject of examination for the past four decades. IT professionals are a critical group of employees in the current knowledge-driven economy, and as such, they experience unique job stressors. This chapter explores recent research on the organizational stressors that influence IT turnover intentions. The goal is to provide insights on how organizations can begin to stem burnout, turnover intentions, and eventual turnover while improving work-related wellbeing. A revised model of work-related wellbeing is also presented in this chapter. Another objective is to discuss current issues in the IT domain and provide new research directions. New research for the IT turnover literature will provide information to scholars and practitioners on how they might improve and alleviate the impact of turnover on organizations.
Innovation Through Diversity and Inclusion
Authors: Kutch Brenna Deanne Miaira , Kutch Juliana Sayumi Miaira
Published: September 2021

IT leadership involves technology, but it is mostly about people. This chapter discusses how organizational diversity has a critical impact on innovation and the role of leaders to create an environment where everybody feels a sense of belonging and where all kinds of people can flourish through safety, awareness, hiring, mindsets, and listening. Leaders are sometimes unsure how to achieve a more inclusive culture. This chapter provides research, definitions, details, and actionable recommendations for change so that leaders can create an organization where diverse employees can thrive and innovate for the benefit of the university and its community.
Cultural Norms and Expectations Within the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Savic Dalvony Duraes Alkmim , Dariescu Mihaela
Published: September 2021

The business environment differs across nations and throughout industries. The hospitality industry is no different; one managerial approach that functions well in one nation might not be necessarily applicable in another. This suggests that to successfully manage across different countries it is vital that managers acquire the necessary skills to effectively manage employees and guests with different backgrounds and expectations. Hence, the objectives of this chapter are to define and discuss culture and cross-culture management, explain the importance of understanding multicultural perspectives, and discuss the managerial approaches of managing workforce diversity and cultural diversity.
Reducing Lookism in the Workplace
Authors: Wang Kai , Niu Yuanlu
Published: September 2021

Lookism issues have been studied in the fields of economics, social science, physiology, and business. Studies have shown that physical appearance affects employers' judgment about the quality of an employee. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the effects of lookism on career development in organizations. In addition, this chapter discusses the strategies for reducing lookism in the workplace from a human resource development perspective and provides four strategies for reducing lookism. First, legislation should include and address issues of physical attractiveness. Second, diversity education and training should be provided to students, employees, and employers. Third, diversity management should be practiced in the workplace. Fourth, appropriate employment processes should be adopted. Future research should study lookism over a wider range of occupations across different cultures. In addition, future studies should develop theories and conceptual frameworks to support and explain current issues of lookism in the workplace.
Gender Differences in Quality of Work Life
Authors: Agarwal Shivani
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate gender differences in the level of the quality of work life between male and female employees in IT industries. The sample comprised of 150 people, out of which 90 were males and 60 were females from IT industries. Quality of work life was measured through a seven-dimensioned quality of work life (QWL) scale developed by Angus S. McDonald. Following data collection, significant differences regarding quality of work life were examined by using t-test. The findings indicated significant difference in the exhibition of most of the facets of quality of work life between the two groups. These insights can be used for the improved level of quality of work life between males and females in IT industries. This paper presents data and provides insights into the level of quality of work life of the employees.
Gender and Labor Market
Authors: Göğüsdere Cahide
Published: September 2021

Gender is defined as the tasks, functions, and roles attributed to women and men in the public and private areas in society. The concept of gender is important in social state policies. The social state is a state that deals with the economic and social situation of individuals and seeks to ensure a minimum level of living, social security, and justice. In this kind of state disease, disability, death, unemployment, and similar cases, social security and assistance programs are in the foreground. Gender discrimination in the labor market in Turkey is a major problem. Women face a number of obstacles in this market. In particular, gender-based occupational discrimination affects women's position in the labor market. In addition to factors such as inflation, growth, and unemployment, gender roles play a role in the effectiveness of the female labor force in these markets. In this study, labor markets in Turkey will examine on the basis of gender and will be discussed in terms of insurance premiums and tax incentives for the period 2000-2019.
Safety of Women Journalists in Nigerian News Media
Authors: Ibrahim Adamkolo Mohammed , Abba-Aji Nassir , Adamu Mohammed Alhaji , Vi Phuong Thi
Published: September 2021

In recent decades, women journalists' professional safety has attracted an enormous research attention globally and in Nigeria. Interestingly, often similar findings are likely generated by most of the studies highlighting stiff gender-based challenges. This chapter investigated the safety experiences of Nigerian women journalists to identifying the typology of gender-based discriminations and coping strategy affected women journalists used to manage to work in a male-dominated media industry. Employing a semi-structured interview approach, 37 participants (25 women journalists, 10 men journalists, and 2 human resource managers) were interviewed from 12 broadcast media organisations in Northern Nigeria. The data were analysed using thematic analysis and the findings showed that Nigerian women journalists experience different types of gendered unsafety including discrimination in newsgathering and production and sexual harassment; most of the affected women used risky coping strategies such as ignoring; most media organisations lacked policies and frameworks to handle such cases.
Semantic Fluency Predicts Gait Velocity in PSP
Authors: Chatterjee Koustav , Choudhury Supriyo , Siddique Ummatul , Mondal Banashree , Kulsum Marium U. , Haldar Saptak , Basu Purba , Banerjee Rebecca , Kumar Hrishikesh
Published: September 2021

Context:

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a large-scale network disease resulting in variable signs and symptoms including gait impairment and higher order cognitive dysfunction. Despite few studies showing the association of falls and cognitive dysfunction, the existing literature is yet to establish the exact relationship of discrete characteristics of gait with cognitive function in PSP.

Aims:

In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to characterize and explore the relationship of these two apparently distinct physiological phenomena in patients with PSP and across its different variants.

Methods and Material:

Quantitative assessment of two-dimensional gait parameters was measured using an electronic walkway (GAITRite®). Dementia Rating Scale-2 was used to assess global as well as higher order cognitive functions.

Statistical Analysis Used:

A regression model was used to interpret results.

Results:

We observed that the variability domain of gait was significantly impaired in PSP patients with severe cognitive impairment compared to that of intact cognition. Moreover, initiation/perseveration (I/P), a higher order cognitive process, and one of its specific components, i.e., complex verbal task (β = 2.39, P < 0.001), significantly predict gait velocity in PSP [F (1, 40) = 16.102, P < 0.001].

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that the severity of cognitive functions affects gait variability, which might lead to frequent falls as observed in PSP. Furthermore, semantic fluency task of I/P function may act as a predictor of gait velocity. We suspect that higher order cognitive dysfunction through the damage of frontal lobe structure including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or related network may influence gait in PSP.
Identification of Potential Common Molecular Factors of Pancreatic Cancer and Diabetes Mellitus using Microarray Data Analysis Combined with Bioinformatics Techniques and Experimental Validation
Authors: Kalantari Sima , Pourshams Akram , Roudi Raheleh , Zali Hakimeh , Bandehpour Mojgan , Kalantari Abolfazl , Ghanbari Reza , D'Angelo Alberto , Kazemi Bahram , Madjd Zahra
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim:

Detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer (PaC) patients can decrease the mortality rate through surgical resection thanks to a screening approach of high-risk and asymptomatic individuals. Up to 80% of PaC patients are either hyperglycemic or diabetic at the time of diagnosis. Diabetes mellitus (DM) identification as an early manifestation of PaC may lead to detection of this malignancy at early and presymptomatic stages. Therefore, the current study aims to identify common molecular factors between DM and PaC to shed light on a potential screening for DM as a diagnostic approach for PaC.

Methods:

The study was divided into three steps including dataset selection and identification of key genes, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to validate these genes, and enrichment analysis of their target genes.

Results:

Using GEO2R analysis, conducted on microarray dataset (GSE15932), SPI1 and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) genes were found to be expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of PaC, DM, and PaC + DM patients. Moreover, qRT-PCR results in validation of microarray data showed a significant increment of these two genes among all patient groups. Furthermore, enrichment analyses of SPI1 and YY1 target genes revealed that they are mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells and associated with immune responses as well as immune signaling pathways.

Discussion:

We speculate that this study on SPI1 and YY1 genes and their targets can result in a successful strategy to investigate diabetes as a screening step for better management of PaC screening using standard serologic tests.
Demographic Characteristics of Cases with Brown Adipose Tissue Detected in 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Alçin Göksel , Arslan Esra
Published: September 2021

Background:

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has an essential role in regulating energy, metabolism, and thermogenesis in mammals. BAT activation is often detected in winter, especially in the female gender and in individuals with normal body mass index (BMI) by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) modality. It has been reported to be associated with some factors such as age, plasma glucose, and outdoor temperature. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of demographic, metabolic, and other variables of patients with FDG uptake in activated BAT on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients diagnosed with various types of cancer.

Methods:

15752 patients diagnosed with various types of cancer who underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for routine diagnosis, staging, or follow-up between March 2017 and April 2019 were screened, and a total of 188 BAT-positive patients were included in this retrospective study. In addition to demographic patient characteristics such as age, height, and weight, data were collected such as BMI, date of birth, date and season of PET/CT imaging, laboratory findings, injection, and PET/CT imaging time, and the average outdoor temperature on the day of PET imaging and evaluated statistically.

Results:

A total of 188 BAT-positive patients (142 females [75.5%] and 46 males [24.5%]) were included in this study. The mean age of the patient group was 43.89 ± 13.67 years, and the mean BMI was 24.12 ± 3.56. About 103 patients (54.7%) with positive BAT were at normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9), 49 patients (26.2%) were overweight (BMI 25–30), and 36 patients (19.1%) were obese (BMI >30). The injection time was 76.6% in the afternoon hours, whereas 77.1% of the imaging was performed in the afternoon hours. The mean fasting blood glucose (FBS) was 106.93 ± 14.28 mg/dl, and 61.7% (n = 116) of the patients were hyperglycemic. However, we found no significant relationship between BAT activation and the date of birth, place of birth, PET imaging season (relative to the northern hemisphere), and outdoor temperature.

Conclusions:

In our study, while BAT FDG uptake was not increased with cold exposure before PET scan and seasonally, female gender, younger age, and mean low BMI are the significant predictive value of BAT activation. Therefore, we aimed to emphasize that BAT activation should be considered to prevent the masking of the image and prevent false-positive involvement, especially in tumor tissue in risky groups.
Sustainable Acoustics for Powertrain Noise Reduction
Authors: Lepoittevin Grégoire , Cardillo Marco , Caprioli Davide
Published: September 2021

A common way to reduce the noise of automotive powertrains, both with internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric driveline, is to cover their noise radiating areas. However, the parts used for this purpose, besides being effective from the NVH standpoint, also have to fulfil several non-NVH requirements. For ICE, they have to provide a certain level of thermal insulation while favoring the reduction of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. For electric powertrains, lightweight, environmental footprint and sustainability become preponderant in the design of engine covers. Combining these multidimensional requirements, a new fiber-based mono-material product for engine-mounted applications is proposed. It is able to provide optimum noise protection in the passenger cabin and greater driving comfort while keeping high level of sustainability, good heat resistance and relatively low weight. This paper deals with the acoustic benchmarking of the newly developed product against various more traditional solutions available on the market. Using an experimental approach, the newly developed solution is positioned against the other bills of materials, in terms of acoustic absorption and insulation performance first at material level. Then, an acoustic performance comparison is carried out at part level on an electric motor mock-up.
Unique Analysis Approach to Bridge-T Network using Floating Admittance Matrix Method”
Authors: Roy Sanjay Kumar , Singh Brahmadeo Prasad , Sharma Kamal Kumar , Bhargava Cherry
Published: September 2021

The RC bridge-T Circuit are sometimes preferred for radio frequency applications as it does not require transformer (inductive coupling). The uses of the resistance-capacitance form of the network permits a wide tuning range. The article aims to develop a band pass filter's mathematical model using the Floating Admittance Matrix (FAM) approach. Both types of RC bridge-T network form the band-pass filters. The use of the conventional methods of analysis such as KCL, KVL, Thevenin's, Norton's depends on its suitability for the type of the particular circuit. The proposed mathematical modeling scheme using the floating admittance matrix approach is unique, and the same can be used for all types of circuits. This method is suitable to use the partitioning technique for large network. The sum property of all the elements of any row or any column equal to zero provides the assurance to proceed further for analysis or re-observe the very first equation. This saves time and energy. The FAM method presented here is so simple that anybody with slight knowledge of electronics but understating the matrix maneuvering, can analyze any circuit to derive all types of its transfer functions. The mathematical modeling using the FAM approach provides leverage to the designer to comfortably adjust their design at any stage of analysis. These statements provide compelling reasons for the adoption of the proposed process and demonstrate its benefits. The theoretically obtained equations meet the expected result for the RC bridge-T network. Its response peaks at the theoretically obtained value of the frequency. The simulated results are in agreement with the topological explanations and expectations.
Signal Segmentation Using Maximum a Posteriori Probability Estimator with Application in Artifact ”corrected” EEG Data
Authors: Popescu Theodor D.
Published: September 2021

The ”corrected” EEG data, after artifact removing, may be the subject of further investigations, for example segmentation, result- ing new information to be used for feature ex- traction, of great help for medical diagnosis. The paper has as object a generally approach for seg- mentation, making use of Maximum A posteriori Probability (MAP) estimator. The proposed pro- cedure has been used in the analysis of a sample lowpass EEG signals recorded with 13 scalp and 1 EOG electrodes, event-related potential (ERP) data.
Relevance, Design Experience and Analysis of the Results of Point Implementation of Interdisciplinary Courses in the Educational Process at the University
Authors: Lobanova Yu. I.
Published: September 2021

The work points out the problems of adaptation of the subject to the activity and the possibility of their solution through the formation of the style of activity. The urgency of the use of non-subject resources for the formation of the style of activity in modern conditions is substantiated. The role of the engineer in creating the environment and means of labor, which can be used as extra- subject resources, is pointed out. The principles on which the professional training of engineers should be based, found on the need to solve the problems of "completing" the subject (the subject of labor, the subject of life activity) are indicated. The principles, on which the higher education is oriented, are analyzed, and the problems of the educational process in modern conditions are indicated. The importance of interdisciplinary courses in the training of engineers of the future is substantiated; the possibilities of their implementation in the educational process and the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The central part of the work is essentially a reflection of the process of design, development and in the depths of the interdisciplinary course "Introduction to Specialty", built on the basis of the disciplines chosen by the student "Psychology of Business Communication" and "Fundamentals of Business Communication and Presentation" in the educational process at a technical university, including analysis of feedback from students who took part in it. The results of the implementation of the course and its scaling for other levels and for other areas of training are presented. The article analyzes the assessments of the effectiveness of training, exhibited by students when filling out the feedback questionnaire, which indicates a high level of subjective assessment of the effectiveness of the course as a whole in the presence of certain differences in assessing the achievement of individual results by students of different areas of training. The main directions of further work are outlined. A description of the structure and options for constructing a number of interdisciplinary courses is given.
NGHIÊN CỨU ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (IAA) ĐẾN GIỐNG LÚA HT1 TẠI THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors:   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Đình Thi , Nguyễn Thành Công ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Đào Quang Khánh ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Thị Thu Hà ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Thái Thị Hồng Mỹ ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của các nồng độ IAA vào giai đoạn đẻ nhánh (sau gieo 35 ngày) và giai đoạn làm đòng (sau gieo 50 ngày) trên giống lúa HT1 trong vụ Đông Xuân 2019 - 2020 tại Hợp tác xã (HTX) Nông nghiệp Hương Long, thành phố Huế nhằm xác định tác dụng và nồng độ phun IAA phù hợp. Thí nghiệm được bố trí theo phương pháp khối hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên (RCBD). Kết quả đạt được là: 1) Phun IAA với liều lượng 400 lít/ha vào giai đoạn lúa đẻ nhánh hoặc giai đoạn lúa làm đòng đã tăng các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng thân, lá và năng suất giống lúa HT1; 2) Phun IAA nồng độ 30 ppm vào giai đoạn đẻ nhánh cho năng suất thực thu 6,82 tấn/ha, lãi tăng 3,86 triệu đồng/ha và VCR đạt 6,08; 3) Phun IAA nồng độ 30 ppm vào giai đoạn làm đòng cho năng suất thực thu 6,64 tấn/ha, lãi tăng 3,66 triệu đồng/ha và VCR đạt 5,82 so với đối chứng.
PHÂN LẬP VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÁC CHỦNG Enterococcus feacalis TRÊN CÁ CHÌNH HOA (Anguila marmorata) NUÔI TẠI QUẢNG BÌNH
Authors:   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Ngọc Phước , Nguyễn Thị Huế Linh ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Đức Quỳnh Anh ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Nam Quang ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế, Nguyễn Thị Xuân Hồng ,   Trường Đại học Nông Lâm, Đại học Huế
Published: September 2021

Enterococcus là một trong những tác nhân gây bệnh phổ biến trên cá nuôi trên thế giới. Nghiên cứu này đã phân lập được 10 chủng Enterococcus từ 10/15 mẫu cá chình có dấu hiệu bụng sưng to và xuất huyết ở xương nắp mang. Dấu hiệu bệnh tích cho thấy gan, thận, lách bị sưng to và xuất huyết. Tất cả các chủng Enterococcus được xác định là nhóm D bằng phản ứng ngưng kết kháng nguyên Lancefield. Các chủng này khá đồng nhất về mặt sinh hoá, đều là cầu khuẩn, Gram dương, không di động, cho phản ứng oxidase và catalase âm tính, không làm tan huyết trên môi trường thạch máu. Kết quả định danh bằng giải trình tự gen 16S rRNA cho thấy cả 10 chủng vi khuẩn phân lập được đều là Enterococcus faecalis. Nghiên cứu khả năng mẫn cảm kháng sinh cho kết quả cả 10 chủng đều kháng với ampicillin, tetracycline và oxytetracycline, trong khi đó các loại kháng sinh gentamycin, penicillin, erythromycin và ciprofloxacin đều nhạy với các chủng vi khuẩn này. Đây là nghiên cứu đầu tiên về phân lập và nghiên cứu đặc điểm sinh hoá của E. faecalis phân lập trên cá chình bị bệnh tại tỉnh Quảng Bình (nói riêng) và tại Việt Nam (nói chung).
Pb-Bi mineralizace v amfibolitech z lomu Libodřice u Kolína (kutnohorské krystalinikum, Česká republika)
Authors: Dolníček Zdeněk , Ulmanová Jana
Published: September 2021

An interesting ore mineralization containing Pb-Bi minerals, present in a thin layer parallel with schistosity of the host amphibolite, was newly recognized in the Libodřice quarry near Kolín (Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex, Czech Republic). The disseminations of ore minerals are formed especially by pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite, less pyrite and accessory galena, native bismuth, cosalite, bismuthinite and joséite-B. The equilibrium textural relationships of rock-forming silicates and main sulphides indicate that the ore assemblage underwent metamorphic recrystallization together with the host rock, however, indications of younger local re-equilibrations under changed physico-chemical conditions (especially temperature, fugacity of sulphur, fugacity of oxygen) were also observed. The presence of polysynthetic lamellae in chalcopyrite suggests for its origin/re-crystallization at temperatures above 550 °C. Sporadic cosalite, stable at temperatures below 425 °C, was probably precursor of pseudomorphs today formed by galena and native bismuth. Pseudomorphs originated at temperatures below 271 °C probably due to local decrease of sulphur fugacity caused by growth of associated pyrrhotite. The local sulphurisation of small amount of native bismuth to bismuthinite and small part of pyrrhotite to pyrite finished the process of ore evolution. The presence of elevated contents of Te, Se and Ni in the studied mineralization confirms the source of these elements in the host rock environment, which was presupposed on the basis of earlier mineralogical study of Alpine-type veins in the area of the Kutná Hora Crystalline Complex.
Strusky z redukční tavby pelosideritové železné rudy realizované na hradě Buchlově (jv. Chřiby) v roce 2019: extrémní variabilita fázového složení a chemismu jednotlivých fází
Authors: Dolníček Zdeněk , Kandrnál Ladislav , Ulmanová Jana , Vratislavská Ester , Hojač Pavel
Published: September 2021

During experimental smelting of iron in a replica of historical shaft furnace, which was held at the Buchlov Castle in 2019, charcoal and fresh pelosiderite iron ore from the locality Moravany near Kyjov were used. The obtained furnace slag is practically completely formed by glass phase; only rare small domains contain also crystalline phases, whose occurrence is very irregular. A detailed study of chemical composition showed extreme heterogeneity in composition of glass and most crystalline phases. The glass phase contains variable, but often high amounts of Mn, Ca, Mg and sometimes P and/or K. The composition of olivine ranges widely among fayalite, dicalciumsilicate and tephroite (Fa1-91 Fo3-28Te2-45DCS1-52), as well as those of calcic pyroxene (Wo37-60Tsch1-13Ka8-22Fs4-30En14-36). Feldspars showed compositions between orthoclase and anorthite (Or2-82An9-91Ab5-19Cn0-2Slw0-2), which are unknown from natural systems. Minor components include wüstite, melilite (åkermanite with 1 - 6 mol. % gehlenite), leucite, kalsilite, locally also apatite and an unnamed phase with composition close to Ca2Al2Si3O11. The produced metallic iron is also compositionally heterogeneous and rich in phosphorus. The phase composition of slag differs significantly from those of typical iron slags. The reason can be seen in anomalous chemical composition of used ore, in too high temperatures during smelting (phase relations in metallic iron suggest temperatures around 1500 °C) in combination with rapid cooling of the furnace content after finishing of smelting, and probably also higher viscosity of slag melt. Both phase composition of slag as well as chemical composition of individual slag phases and metallic iron are significantly different from those of local historical artefacts from the period of usage of technology of direct production of iron. These findings do not support the idea that local pelosiderite iron ores were used for production of iron already during this early period.
Hydroxyapofylit-(K) z kamenolomu Těchlovice u Děčína (Česká republika)
Authors: Dolníček Zdeněk , Ulmanová Jana , Malý Karel , Havlíček Jaroslav , Sejkora Jiří
Published: September 2021

One xenolith of a contactly metamorphosed feldspar-hydroxyapophyllite hornfels from basaltic volcanite of the active quarry in Těchlovice village near-by the town of Děčín has been investigated. Its main components are represented by K-feldspar and hydroxyapophyllite-(K), which was hitherto reported from a single locality only in the territory of the Czech Republic. It forms grains up to 2 mm in size tightly associated with K-feldspar and subsidiary quartz, pyroxene (aegirine, enstatite-ferrosilite and diopside) and titanite. The unit cell parameters of hydroxyapophyllite-(K), derived from the powder X-ray data, are a = 8.975(4), c = 15.8371(3) Å and V = 1275.6(5) Å3. Chemical analyses correspond to the empirical formula K0.93Ca3.75Si7.87O20(OH0.96F0.04)·8 H2O. The xenolith originated by a comparatively weak contact metamorphic effect of the basaltic magma to a marly sediment under high partial pressure of H2O. Among xenoliths of North Bohemian Cainozoic volcanites the rock represents a rarity, which has not been known hitherto.
Böhmit a doprovodná zeolitová mineralizace ze Soutěsek u Děčína (Česká republika)
Authors: Pauliš Petr , Hrůzek Libor , Janeček Oldřich , Dolníček Zdeněk , Vrtiška Luboš , Malíková Radana , Pour Ondřej , Fediuk Ferry
Published: September 2021

A new locality of böhmite and zeolite minerals, called „Soutěsky above the quarry“, occurs near the quarry „Soutěsky“ on the SW slope of the Hlídka hill, eastward of the Soutěsky village, about 5 km SW od the town of Děčín (Czech Republic). The mineralization is bound to vugs of Cenozoic volcanics. Böhmite forms mostly whitish to brownish hemispherical to spherical clusters up to 5 mm in size. The unit-cell parameters of böhmite, refined from the X-ray powder data, are a 2.871 (3), b 12.216(9), c 3.699(4) Å and V 129.7(2) Å3. Chemical analyses correspond to the empirical formula (Al0.92 Si0.06)Σ0.98O(OH). The following zeolites have been found in association with böhmite: thomsonite-Ca, phillipsite-K, gismondine, chabazite-Ca and analcime, as well as calcite. Minerals crystallized in following succession: calcite I → phillipsite-K → böhmite → calcite II → thomsonite-Ca → gismondine → calcite III. Independently, (older) analcime and (younger) chabazite-Ca occur. These minerals probably crystallized from low tempered solutions, enriched in Al ions and alkalies, the source of which can be found in altered rock-forming alumosilicates (analcime, nepheline).
The role of civil society institutions in ensuring social control over political processes
Authors: Komnatnyi Serhii O. , Buha Hanna S. , Fedorova Anna M. , Horovyi Valerii M. , Bortniak Kateryna V.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the article is to investigate the importance and roles of civil society institutions in exercising social control over policy formulation and implementation processes, even in conditions of pandemic contingency. The study has used the methods of comparative analysis, temporal analysis, case study method, statistical data analysis and secondary research of the results of sociological studies. It has been established that civil society institutions play the role of efficient institutions of social control. They are able to mutually strengthen the intentions of the State to ensure the public interest, establish the collaboration of citizens and the cohesion of public efforts. In Ukraine, so far, civil society is at a stage of development and, along with the quantitative characteristics, does not have the appropriate qualitative characteristics. Social control is not authoritarian in nature, nor is it mandatory; it is carried out on behalf of its actors: civil society and citizens.
The images of the russian ballet in the Fine Arts of the late XIX and early XX century
Authors: Portnova Tatiana V.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyze various interpretations of the theme of ballet in the context of creating an artistic image taking into account the specific characteristics of various arts on the factual visual material of the late nineteenth - early twentieth century. Methodology: 1) Search method, which allowed to reveal in museums and private collections, works of art dedicated to ballet of the period under consideration; 2) Historical and tipological method, which helped to group the works according to the thematic principle, to determine the degree of their value in the process of the creative work of the artist; 3) Method of stylistic analysis, which allowed to track the structural changes in the images created, the evolution of the creative method of the artist. Main findings: The nature of pictorial foundations in choreography is explored; the artistic pursuits and the various decisions in the masterpieces of graphics, painting and sculpture, dedicated to the ballet theatre and mostly connected with "The Russian Seasons" by S. Diaghilev; the main iconographic principles, the typology and the interpretation of ballet images are revealed.
CEZA SORUMLULUĞU BAKIMINDAN YAPAY ZEKÂNIN HUKUKİ STATÜSÜNÜN TARTIŞILMASI
Authors: ÇETİNGÜL Nursena
Published: September 2021

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle beraber, yapay zekâya sahip ürünlerin kullanımı oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu ürünlerin giderek artan otonomlukları, ortaya çıkabilecek bazı hukuki problemleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu varlıkların bilimkurgu eserlerde sıkça ele alınmaları, bir takım otonomluklar kazanmış olmaları ve zekice hareket etmeleri, kendilerine özel bir hukuki statü verilmesi gerektiğine dair doktrinde tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Bu tartışmalarla beraber, yapay zekaya yönelik farklı sorumluluk türleri önerilmektedir.
Amaç: Yapay zekanın hukukla ilişkisini ele alan akademik çalışmaların sıklıkla popüler söylemler etkisinde kaldığının fark edilmesi üzerine, ileride geç kalınmaması adına bilimkurgu ile gerçekliğin şimdiden ayrıştırılması gerektiği, hukukçuların bilimkurgu senaryolarından ve popüler söylemlerden etkilenmeden konuyu multidisipliner ve profesyonel bir şekilde ele almaları ve tavsiyelerini ferasetli bir şekilde yapmaları gerektiğini vurgulamak amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, ulusal ve uluslararası literatürdeki görüşlere müracaat edilerek “zeka, makinelerin düşünebilmesi” gibi kavramlar sorgulanmış, yapay zekalardaki otonomluğun sorumluluğa etkisi ve “makinelerin cezalandırılabilirliği” meseleleri ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada özellikle ceza hukuku bakımından literatürde önerilen sorumluluk türleri ve yapay zekaya hukuki statü verilmesine dair meseleler tartışılmış ve nihayet konunun bütüncül bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma neticesinde, yapay zekayı insan zekasıyla karşılaştırmanın doğru olmadığı, bilimkurgu senaryolarında anlatılan birtakım tahminlerin gerçekle bağdaşmadığı, yapay zekaya hukuki statü verilmesine ihtiyaç bulunmadığı, hukuki statü verilmesi durumunda önerilen müeyyidelerin ceza hukukunun amacı ve doğası ile bağdaşmayacağı, yapay zekanın sebep olacağı suçlarda yapay zekanın arkasındaki üretici, yazılımcı, kullanıcı gibi kişilerin kast/taksir durumlarına göre cezalandırılması gerektiği, bu konuda multidisipliner çalışma yapmanın gerekliliği, kanunlarda yapılacak özel ve detaylı düzenlemelerle muhtemel sorunların önüne geçilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Özgünlük: Çalışma, yapay zekaya hukuki statü verilmesine dair yapılan tartışmalara yeni bir perspektif getirmeye çalışması, konuyu bilimkurgu senaryolarının ötesinde, kanıta dayalı sağlam bir zeminde ve psikoloji bilimi ile felsefeden destek alarak tartışması, bilhassa popüler dili kullanmaktan kaçınmasıyla farklılık arz etmektedir.
Reclamation Suitability Evaluation of Damaged Mined Land Based on the Limit Condition Method－Example of Pingdingshan Tianan Ten Coal Mine
Authors:   School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China, Ya-lin Wu
Published: September 2021

Reclamation suitability evaluation is the basis for determining the reuse direction of damaged land. Limit condition method is the most widely used method in land reclamation suitability evaluation at present. In this paper, the limit condition method is used to evaluate the suitability of land reclamation of damaged land in Pingdingshan Tianan ten coal mine. The evaluation index of damaged area is determined as six main factors: field slope/land flatness, ponding, depth of collapse, soil texture, thickness of soil layer, irrigation and drainage conditions, and finally determine the reclamation direction of the land to be reclaimed in combination with the overall local land use planning and the overall wishes of local residents.
Gamificación y valores: una propuesta transversal motivadora en Educación Física (Gamification with social and moral values: A motivate cross sectional proposition in physical education)
Authors: Acebes Sánchez Jorge , Bernal Ignacio Ros
Published: September 2021

Tras observar la popularidad de los valores y su aparición, generalmente conflictiva, en diferentes medios de comunicación, pasando por un recorrido legislativo, donde se establece el desarrollo de valores personales y sociales como piedra angular del equilibrio en una sociedad desarrollada, surgen una serie de incógnitas relacionadas con los resultados obtenidos en materia de valores, del alumnado, siendo la medición de estos una asignatura pendiente. Existe un gran recorrido en la investigación y propuestas metodológicas en el trabajo de actitudes y valores en las aulas, no obstante, el principal reto sigue siendo que el alumnado sea capaz de interiorizar los valores, de hacerlos suyos, y no solo aprender su significado. Desde una experiencia en docencia universitaria con el alumnado del Grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte de segundo curso, se encuentran carencias en esta materia en la mayoría de los alumnos/as que plasman estas herramientas y actitudes solo por una “meritocracia relativa” o esperando algo a cambio. En consecuencia, se plantea unas herramientas de trabajo para educación física escolar, lúdica, a través de una metodología gamificada y cercana a la realidad del alumnado, que hace de estos contenidos una experiencia vital.
Abstract: After observing the frequency of the social and moral values ​​and their appearance, generally conflictive, in different media and legislative context. Development of personal and social and moral values ​​is established as the cornerstone of the balance in a developed society. Development of social and moral values in our students is unknown and their measurement unclear. There is a bunch of research and methodological proposals in the work of attitudes and social and moral values ​​in classrooms. However, the challenge remains that the student can internalize social and moral values, make them his own, and not only learn their meaning. From a university teaching experience with second-year students of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences Degree, there are deficiencies in this subject in the majority of students who capture these tools and attitudes only for a “relative meritocracy” or waiting for something in return. Consequently, some work tools are proposed for physical education, playful, through a gamified methodology, and close to the reality of the students, which makes these contents a vital experience.