bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solder Bump Joint Failure Investigation: From Sample Preparation to Advanced Structural Characterizations and Strain Measurements
Authors: Nowakowski Pawel , Ray Mary , Fischione Paul
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the detailed sample preparation of a solder joint at the level between a semiconductor package and board. Different sample preparation techniques are described and compared. Preparing and targeting a large sample area containing multiple solder bumps is discussed. The sample preparation methods will then be confirmed by advanced structural characterization and strain measurement. The presence of strain is associated with the development of cracks and delamination at the solder joint interface.
The Development of an EVB Socket Solution for Automotive Mixed-Signal ICs
Authors: Cattey Eric , Van Vianen Alex , Curiel Mitch , Huo Gustav , Dickson Kristofor , Meiche Yvette
Published: December 2020

Failure analysis on mixed-signal ICs for automotive applications often requires the use of EVBs (evaluation boards) to replicate the failure mode. Typically, automotive ICs are used in conjunction with other components to create automotive modules, such as; PCM (power-train control modules), ECU (engine control units), TCU (transmission control units), etc. EVBs are used to replicate module level functionality, as well as reproduce ATE (automatic test equipment) tests required for analysis. An integral part of EVB design, functionality and performance is related to the IC socket, which is the direct interface between the IC and the EVB. See Figure 1. EVB socket solutions will vary based on the required analysis (backside / topside analysis), package type and IC functionality.
Фальшиві монети Середнянського замку
Authors: Prokhnenko Igor , Zhilenko M.
Published: December 2020

У західній частині селища Середнє Ужгородського р-ну Закарпатської обл., на рівнині біля річки Веля (колишня назва Стара), знаходяться руїни замку. На сьогодні з його споруд найбільше збереглася житлова будівля (розміри 18,6 х 16,5 м), яка розміщена в центральній частині архітектурного ансамблю. Археологічною експедицією Ужгородського національного університету замок досліджувався у 2008 та 2017 роках. Під час розкопок замку виявлені фальшиві монети, які з точністю відповідають хронологічному діапазону функціонування пам’ятки, а також відображають діяльність фальшувальників Верхнього краю Угорщини, в продукції яких найбільш масово присутні підробки кремницької продукції. Незначна кількість знахідок не дозволяє робити висновки про основні періоди активізації діяльності “злодіїв в монетній справі”, але три з чотирьох монет належать до часів Фердинанда І, в угорській історіографії названого “золотим віком угорських фальшивомонетників”. Конкретизація інформації про кількісно-якісний склад фальшивих номіналів на Середнянському замку можливий тільки після систематизованого дослідження значних ділянок у різних частинах пам’ятки і поповнення даної групи знахідок новими екземплярами.
Basic requirements for automated system software development land monitoring
Authors:   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ibatullin S. , Dorosh O. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Tarnopolskyi A. ,   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The main requirements for the land monitoring system are identified, including requirements for its functionality, information support, visualization of spatial information, interactive maps, database structure, general architecture, analytical criteria and other types of support. The main directions of land monitoring, within which the automated system should function, in particular, monitoring of civil law transactions in terms of territories, forms of ownership, land categories; monitoring of price dynamics; monitoring the condition of lands by their quantitative and qualitative characteristics; assessment and forecasting of land transformation. The requirements for the subsystems of administration, ergonomics, infrastructure, ensuring the turnover of changes, geodetic and mathematical basis, etc. are also substantiated. The need to ensure the protection of information, including confidential information, is emphasized, as the land monitoring system should contain not only information on the objects of monitoring, but also information on the subjects of land relations, whose rights should be guaranteed. The need to use directories and classifiers, in particular the classification of administrative-territorial entities of Ukraine, types of economic activity, as well as integration with various official state registers as part of the national geospatial data infrastructure platform is taken into account.
Peran Humas DPRD Dalam Menjaga Kinerja Dan Citra DPRD (Studi Pada Dprd Kabupaten Bima)
Authors: Haeril Haeril , Mas'ud Mas'ud , Irfadat Taufik
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran Hubungan Masyarakat (Humas) DPRD dalam menjaga kinerja dan citra DPRD Kabupaten Bima. Jenis penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitiatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dalam menjalankan perannya  Humas membangun hubungan fungsional dengan Publik secara kelembagaan dengan menjalin kemitraan dengan media massa, cetak, maupun online dengan melalui kerjasama advetorial dan Parlementaria dalam rangka pemuatan berita-berita kegiatan DPRD.  Humas juga berupaya meng-counter issue (berita hoax) yang beredar di masyarakat atau di media massa dengan cepat, kemudian menerbitkan informasi dan dokumentasi kegiatan DPRD Kabupaten Bima serta mengupayakan pelayanan melalui media center dengan memberdayakan Akun media sosial milik DPRD. Humas juga berperan membentuk hubungan Sub-sistem dengan Publik, melalui tiga pendekatan yaitu sebagai penasehat ahli (Expert prescriber), sebagai fasilitator proses pemecahan masalah (Problem Solving Procces Facilitator), dan  teknisi komunikasiAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the role of Public Relations (PR) DPRD in maintaining the performance and image of the DPRD Bima Regency. This type of research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of the research show that in carrying out its role, Public Relations builds functional relationships with the public institutionally by establishing partnerships with mass, print, and online media through advetorial and parliamentary cooperation in the context of posting news on DPRD activities. Public Relations also tries to counter issues (hoax news) circulating in the community or in the mass media quickly, then publishes information and documentation of the Bima Regency DPRD activities and seeks services through the media center by empowering the DPRD's social media accounts. Public relations also plays a role in forming Sub-system relationships with the public, through three approaches, namely as an expert advisor (Expert prescriber), as a facilitator of the problem solving process (Problem Solving Process Facilitator), and a communication technician.
Adaptation of the Diagnostic Artificial Neural Network Structure When New Training Examples Appear
Authors: Malikov A.
Published: December 2020

In this paper we can see that identified computer incidents are subject for diagnostics, during which the characteristics of information security violations are clarified (purpose, causes, consequences, etc.). To diagnose computer incidents, we can use methods of automation while collection and processing the events that occur as a result of the implementation of scenarios for information security violations. Artificial neural networks can be used to solve the classification problem of assigning diagnostic data set (information image of a computer incident) to one of the possible values of the violation characteristic. The purpose of this work is to adapt the structure of an artificial neural network that allows the accuracy diagnostics of computer incidents when new training examples appear.
Preprocessing of the Emails in the Spam Detection Task
Authors: Korelov S. , Petrov A. , Rotkov L. , Gorbunov A.
Published: December 2020

The functioning of almost any organization to one degree or another depends on how reliably its information resources are protected from various information security threats, one of which is spam. At the same time there have been many attempts to solve the problem of its detection once and for all. Research is ongoing in this subject area constantly. Based on its results, various approaches are proposed and implemented in practice. The authors previously proposed a model of e-mails that takes into account the content of e-mails, which often changes depending on the tasks performed by users and their changing information needs. This article discusses the issue of preprocessing e-mail texts in the problem of spam detection using a model of e-mails obtained on the basis of a genetic approach to the formation of mathematical models of texts, which has proven itself for solving various problems.
The study of lipotropic action of extract from fruit prunus domestica «Prunofit» byanimal models of alcoholic liver diseases
Authors: Kravchenko V. M. , Shovkova Z. V. , Senyuk I. V. , Shovkova O. V.
Published: December 2020

Searchingof drugs that normalize the function of the digestive glands are important because disruption of digestion underlie the pathogenesis of many diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, hepatitis, gastric ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer etc. The use of herbal objects containing fibres is a promising direction for solving of the mentioned problem. We were attracted by fruits of Prunus domestica which are rich in fibres (homo- and heteropolsaccharides) and are used in folk medicine as a laxative and hepatoprotective agent.
The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the lipotropic properties of «Prunofit» extract. The study of lipotropic properties of the «Prunofit» was carried out in the conditions of subacute toxic liver damage caused by the introduction of ethanol.The content of total lipids (TL), total cholesterol (TCh), triacylglycerols (TGs), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and total phospholipids (TPL) were determined in liver and blood serum.
Obtained results of the lipotropic properties study of the «Prunofit» extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg against the background of alcoholic liver damage showed a decrease in the intensity of lipolysis, fatty hepatosis, and manifestations of hyperlipidemia. It has occurred due to a decrease in the content of total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids in the homogenate rat liver by 27.9%, 7.2%, 27.5% and 38%, respectively, and rat serum by 28%, 42.2%, 8.15%, 47.1%, respectively, compared with the control pathology. Against the background of model pathology, «Prunofit» extract tended to increase the content of total phospholipids in the liver homogenate by 37.34% and in serum by 30.2% compared with the control pathology. According to its ability to inhibit fatty liver infiltration, the «Prunofit» extract was at the level of the reference drug «Methionine» at a dose of 155 mg/kg.
Educational STEM designing of virtual and real devices on the Arduino platform
Authors: Grigoriev S. G. , Kurnosenko M. V. , Kostyuk A. M.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses possible forms of educational STEM projects in the field of electronics and device control using Arduino controllers. As you know, the implementation of such STEM projects can be carried out not only using various electronic constructors, but also using virtual modeling environments. The knowledge obtained during modeling in virtual environments makes it possible to increase the efficiency of face-to-face practical training with a real constructor, and to improve the quality of students’ knowledge. The use of virtual modeling environments in combination with the use of real constructors provides links between distance and full-time learning. A real constructors can be used simultaneously by both the teacher and the student, jointly practicing the features of solving practical problems. The article provides examples of using a virtual environment for preliminary prototyping of circuits available in the documentation for electronic constructors, to familiarize students with the basics of designing and assembling electronic circuits using the surface mounting method and on a breadboard, as well as programming controllers on the Arduino platform that control electronic devices. This approach allows students to accelerate the assimilation of various interdisciplinary knowledge in the field of natural sciences using STEM design.
Virtual reality: The genesis of the concept and trends of use in education
Authors: Karakozov S. D. , Ryzhova N. I. , Koroleva N. Yu.
Published: December 2020

The development of modern Russian education in the context of its digitalization actualizes issues related to the presentation and use of existing educational resources in a new digitalized form, as well as to the search for new resources and models, methods, forms and means of teaching that contribute to the effectiveness and efficiency of the educational process in school and university, but in the new conditions of the formation of a digital society. At the same time, the issues of virtualization of the educational process are of particular importance due to the use of virtual reality tools and technologies in teaching various subjects. In this context, the genesis of the concept of “virtual reality” plays a special role in the search for answers to these questions, since in the search for something new it is very important to rely on an understanding of how the concept itself developed, and not only from the standpoint of philosophy and general methodological aspects, but also from technological, in particular, from the standpoint of the development of virtualization tools and technologies based on the achievements of physics, informatics and other sciences. Of particular importance for pedagogy in this context is the description of the experience of using “virtual reality” and tools of virtualization of the educational process at different levels of education, since it is genesis and empiricism that allow in the future to determine new trends in virtualization of the educational process, and to deal with the negative consequences of virtualization in the context development, for example, cyberspace, with the help of achievements and special methods of psychological and pedagogical science.
Avaliação da Qualidade dos Laboratórios de Citopatologia do Colo do Útero no Brasil
Authors: Bortolon Paula Chagas , Silva Marcos André Felix da , Corrêa Flávia de Miranda , Dias Maria Beatriz Kneipp , Knupp Virginia Maria de Azevedo Oliveira , Assis Mônica de , Claro Itamar Bento
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O exame citopatológico é a estratégia mais adotada no mundo para o rastreamento do câncer do colo do utero e a única que teve impacto comprovado na redução da incidência e da mortalidade por essa doença. Garantir a qualidade desse procedimento e uma prioridade para a efetividade do Programa de Controle do Cancer do Colo do Útero no Brasil. Objetivo: Apresentar o perfil dos laboratorios de citopatologia cervicouterina no ano de 2010 para todos os Estados brasileiros e o Distrito Federal, analisando alguns indicadores de Monitoramento Interno da Qualidade (MIQ). Método: As informações contidas no Sistema de Informação do Câncer do Colo do Útero (SISCOLO ) referentes a 2010, por Unidade da Federação, foram utilizadas para o cálculo dos indicadores de qualidade estudados. Resultados: O Brasil possui um grande quantitativo de prestadores de serviço de citopatologia concentrados em faixas de positividades abaixo de 2,0%. Parte dos casos positivos registrados no sistema não traziam conclusão diagnóstica devido aos elevados percentuais de atipias de significado indeterminado em células escamosas. Outra evidencia constatada foi a baixa capacidade da rede laboratorial para a identificação de lesões intraepiteliais de alto grau. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para o risco de não identificação dos casos sugestivos de alteração celular e alertam para a possibilidade de emissão de laudos falsos -negativos. E importante implementar programas de controle de qualidade do exame citopatológico. O estudo serve de auxílio aos gestores na organização da rede de laboratorios.
Caracterização do Perfil das Mulheres com Resultado Citológico ASCUS/AGC, LSIL e HSIL segundo Fatores Sociodemográficos, Epidemiológicos e Reprodutivos em Rio Branco - AC, Brasil
Authors: Prado Patrícia Rezende do , Koifman Rosalina Jorge , Santana Anna Luiza Moreira , Silva Ilce Ferreira da
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O câncer do colo do útero e a segunda neoplasia mais incidente entre as mulheres. Na Região Norte do Brasil, especialmente na cidade de Rio Branco/Acre, e o tipo de câncer com maior incidência e mortalidade. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil das mulheres rastreadas com resultados colpocitológicos de ASCUS /AGC, LSIL e HSIL , entre 2007 a 2008, no setor público da na cidade de Rio Branco, AC . Método: Estudo transversal, com mulheres diagnosticadas com resultados colpocitológicos de ASCUS/AGUS, LSIL e HSIL, identificadas através do exame Papanicolaou e registradas no Programa de Controle de Câncer do Colo do Útero nos anos de 2007 e 2008 no Centro de Controle em Oncologia do Acre (CECON/AC ). Resultados: 22,6% das mulheres tinham menos que 25 anos de idade, 57,3% tinham entre 25 a 45 anos, 89,1% eram pardas, 59,8% tinham o nível fundamental de escolaridade, 30,5% tiveram a sexarca antes dos 14 anos, 64,9% tinham acima de 3 filhos, 70,0% tiveram mais que 2 parceiros ao longo da vida, 54,0% não havia recebido tratamento após o diagnóstico citológico alterado e 45,7% dos diagnósticos citológicos de atipias de significado indeterminado eram lesões de alto grau ou câncer no histopatológico. Conclusão: Sugere-se que sejam implementadas melhorias na qualidade do programa de prevenção do câncer do colo do útero do Estado do Acre, envolvendo a avaliação, controle do diagnóstico e tratamento, especialmente das mulheres diagnosticadas como ASCUS/AGC, para que se possa esperar alguma redução nas taxas de incidência e mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero nessa Região.
Profil Pengaruh Suplementasi L-Lysine HCl dalam Pakan terhadap Dimensi Tubuh Ayam Broiler
Authors: Funan Regina , Lisnahan Charles V. , Dethan Agustinus Agung
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi L-lysine HCl dalam pakan terhadap dimensi tubuh ayam broiler. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kandang Program Studi Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor selama 39 hari, sejak Desember 2019 sampai Januari 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam broiler sebanyak 80 ekor umur 14 hari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah T0 (pakan kontrol), T1 (suplementasi L-lysine HCl 0,35%), T2 (suplementasi L-lysine HCl 0,70%), dan T3 (suplementasi L-lysine HCl 1,00%). Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi pundak, panjang tulang V dada, panjang tulang femur dan panjang tulang tibia. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam dan uji duncan. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bepengaruh nyata terhadap panjang badan, lingkar dada, tinggi pundak, panjang tulang V dada, panjang tulang femur dan panjang tulang tibia ayam broiler (P<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi L-lysine HCl 0,70% dalam pakan meningkatkan dimensi tubuh ayam broiler.
DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DOS ALUNOS DA EJA NA ESCOLA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Costa Danielle Sobral Porto , Amorim Antonio
Published: December 2020

Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre quem são os sujeitos da EJA na contemporaneidade e os desafios enfrentados pelos alunos dentro da escola. Por isso, esta investigação traz como problema: qual é o perfil do educando da EJA na atualidade e quais são os desafios por eles enfrentam nas salas de aula de nossas escolas? Tem como objetivo geral identificar quem são os educandos da EJA na contemporaneidade e traçar os principais desafios que os alunos enfrentam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, dentro das escolas. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados apontam para a realização de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com o dispositivo estratégico da pesquisa participante. Os resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: percebemos que o perfil dos estudantes está pautado pela busca de seus direitos; entendem que este retorno é um recomeço muito importante para a vida; são destacadas as possibilidades para fortalecer as demandas dentro e fora da escola, para torná-los sujeitos de conhecimento e de construção do seu próprio futuro.
A INDIFERENÇA COMO EXPERIÊNCIA ESTÉTICA: PISTAS PARA SE COMPREENDER O EDUCANDO E SUAS RELAÇÕES NA/COM A ESCOLA
Authors: De Campos Pedro Henrique Oliveira
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o desinteresse dos estudantes pela escola como uma experiência estética de indiferença. A partir da concepção deweyana de “experiência”, pretendemos responder a seguinte questão: de que maneira a experiência estética da indiferença pode nos oferecer pistas para se compreender as relações do educando na/com a escola? Para tanto, a noção de experiência em Dewey é explicada e, em seguida, apresentamos reflexões acerca da possibilidade da indiferença como uma experiência estética dos estudantes em sua relação na/com a escola. Por fim, é estabelecida uma associação entre a concepção de “self pontual” em Charles Taylor e de “ser relacional” em Kenneth Gergen e suas implicações para se pensar a proposta deweyana de educação.
NO ONÍRICO, A RESISTÊNCIA: CAMINHOS DA LITERATURA DE GEORGINA MARTINS
Authors: De Moraes Jorge Luiz Marques
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho pretende investigar as imagens que aliam miséria e infância na produção para crianças e jovens da escritora Georgina Martins.  Dentro de uma proposta de literatura que se caracteriza pelo engajamento social, a obra da autora comporta uma série de cinco títulos.  Todos eles forjam uma realidade sombria e cruel de como o status quo trata a infância.  Ao mesmo tempo em que fome, violência e desolação fazem parte da realidade das pequenas personagens, delineiam-se possibilidades de esperança que provêm da imaginação, da criação e, em última instância, da literatura em si mesma.
O CONCEITO AMPLIADO DE SAÚDE NO CHÃO DA QUADRA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Gouvêa Bruno dos Santos
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste ensaio é analisar a abordagem do conceito ampliado de saúde nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar (EFE), conciliando construtos de uma teoria sociognitivista e elementos do ideário da promoção da saúde, e cujo contexto é a pandemia de COVID-19. Na primeira parte, analisamos contribuições para pensar a saúde, a partir do Caderno Temático: práticas corporais, atividade física e lazer (BRASIL, 2015). Na segunda parte, descrevemos como a autoeficácia e a autorregulação auxiliam a desenvolver o autocuidado e o empoderamento social para viver bem e com saúde. Na terceira parte, apresentamos possibilidades pedagógicas de tematizar a saúde, por meio de um produto educacional e de reflexões de um professor-pesquisador.  A Teoria Social Cognitiva e o Caderno Temático enunciam conceitos que favorecem um ensino crítico, reflexivo e dialógico, de acordo com as noções de promoção de saúde e com uma compreensão multifatorial das relações entre atividade física e saúde.
JOGOS E A EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: relato de experiência de um projeto realizado em colaboração com os alunos do programa residência pedagógica
Authors: Milani Amanda Gabriele , Silva Luciene Ferreira da , Neto Samuel de Souza
Published: December 2020

O objetivo é apresentar um relato de experiência do projeto “Jogos e o reino animal”, que foi desenvolvido em uma escola de Educação Infantil. A metodologia utilizada foi a exploratória, qualitativa e bibliográfica. Os participantes do projeto foram a professora preceptora e dez licenciandos do programa de Residência Pedagógica em Educação Física. O desenvolvimento do projeto contou com cinco etapas. Os resultados coletados por meio do grupo focal e observação participante mostraram que alguns residentes tiveram dificuldades em planejar aulas desvinculadas dos circuitos locomotores; outros residentes sentiram insegurança e dificuldade em manter a atenção das crianças; houve dificuldade no diálogo entre os participantes para a articulação do planejamento do projeto. O projeto desenvolvido oportunizou uma maior aproximação entre os residentes pedagógicos e a preceptora e o universo do brincar, livre, espontâneo, focado nas características e necessidades das crianças da educação infantil, contribuindo de forma significativa para a formação de ambos.
JOGOS NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: uma construção coletiva para caminhos insurgentes
Authors: Silva Alexandre Carvalho da
Published: December 2020

Partindo da afirmação que as aulas de Educação Física escolar consubstanciam um espaço fértil de intervenções pedagógicas e que essas assumem frequentemente um caráter restrito a determinadas práticas corporais alinhadas a processos excludentes e acríticos, esse trabalho objetiva apresentar a construção, a vivência, a remodelação e a problematização de jogos e sua conexão com práticas insurgentes. Para tanto, utilizou-se de rodas de conversas constantes e dos preceitos da pesquisa-intervenção para seu desenvolvimento. O estabelecimento de uma relação educativa dialógica favoreceu as decisões coletivas e o mapeamento, as atividades de ressignificação e as rodas de conversa apresentaram-se como potencializadores dessa relação. Os estudantes envolvidos na ação pedagógica destacaram o aumento da participação e do interesse, a mitigação do caráter competitivo e segregacionista e o caráter lúdico como pontos fortes dos jogos. A singularidade dos jogos e sua natureza de aplicação multifacetada propiciam um fazer pedagógico compatibilizado com práticas corporais contra hegemônicas.
CREEP OF REINFORCED CONCRETE THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT REVERSE DEFORMATIONS
Authors: Chuprynin O. , Sereda N. , Garbuz A.
Published: December 2020

One of the main tasks, which is solved at the design stage of the reinforced concrete element, is the analysis of the stress-strain state, as well as the determination of the service life. The article is devoted to modeling of nonlinear creep of reinforced concrete structural elements taking into account damages and return of the creep. The high priority of the research topic is substantiated, the purpose and objectives are formulated. A combination of a plastic model with fracture mechanics is proposed to simulate the behavior of concrete in accordance with its characteristics, including not only stress and deformation, but also the degradation of its stiffness. The resulting equations of state correspond to the law reverse deformations. The finite element method is used to solve the boundary value problem. For the sake of numerical modeling of thin-walled structures, the use of special shell elements is proposed. The mathematical formulation of the problem of creep of reinforced concrete structural elements taking into account anisotropy of material properties and creep deformations and return of the creep is presented. Creep problems of thin-walled structural elements were solved with the help of developed software. Analyzed the deformation of reinforced concrete panel of cylinder. The analysis of the results allows us to judge the effectiveness of the proposed model as a whole. The equation of state reflects the anisotropy of the material properties and takes into account the damage, which allows for a reliable assessment of the strength, stiffness and durability of reinforced concrete structures. Conclusions about the adequacy of the analysis of reliability and durability of reinforced concrete structures using the proposed model.
Knee biomechanics during squat rising with patella alta and after distal transfer of tibial tubercular surgery
Authors: Akalan N Ekin , Temelli Yener , Özkan Mehmed
Published: December 2020

Patella alta has commonly seen in prior adolescent cerebral palsy population with crouch gait pattern.  Unfortunately, for the treatments of PA and crouch gait, the outcomes of physical therapy, orthotic and surgical treatments are highly questionable. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of patella alta on knee biomechanics and to analyze the benefits of distal transfer of tibial tubercule (DTTT) during dual limb knee squat extension. A three-dimensional dynamic knee model comprising patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints was developed. Patellar tendon length was increased 25% and 50% of its original length to simulate the patology. Tibiofemoral and patellofemoral contact forces, loads on ligament bundles, tibial rotations and quadriceps efficiencies were compared for patology, normal and after DTTT surgery (DTTTS). The results showed that patella alta, increases the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compressive force, alters the neutral tension of ligament bundles, reduces the medio-lateral knee stability and increases the efficiency of the quadriceps muscle during squat rising. Even though DTTTS normalized some of the biomechanical alterations, internal rotation in higher flexion angles, valgus-varus rotation of the tibia and the tension of aACL and PCL remained different than normal. These alterations may play a contributory role to develop cartilage degeneration on tibiofemoral and patellofermoral joints. Inadequate quadriceps force and abnormal loading pattern on some of the ligaments may also contribute to the recurrence mechanism of crouch gait after DTTTS surgery.
Evrensel Çocuk Hakları Kapsamında Mülteci Çocuklar
Authors: Kaya Sümeyye , Güzel Polat Özlem , Yiğit Rana
Published: December 2020

Çocukların büyüme ve gelişmeleri, sağlıklarının sürdürülmesi çevresel koşullarıyla ayrı düşünülemez. Ailesi ve çevresiyle bütün olarak gelişen çocuk, değişen çevre koşulları, travmatik olaylaramaruz kalma, yakınlarını kaybetme gibi durumlardan etkilenebilmektedirler. Mülteci çocuklar bu koşulları en çok deneyimleyen dezavantajlı gruplardan biridir.  Çocukların doğuştan sahip oldukları haklar dezavantajlı gruplar için daha önemli bir hal almaktadır. Çocukla çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin, çocuk hakları kapsamında mülteci çocukların kapsamlı değerlendirilmeleri ve gelişimlerinin desteklenmesi konusunda sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır.
REVIEW : PENGARUH PEMANASAN GLOBAL TERHADAP INTENSITAS SERANGAN KUTU KEBUL (Bemisia tabbaci Genn ) DAN CARA PENGENDALIANNYA PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI
Authors: Agastya I Made Indra , Julianto Reza Prakoso Dwi , Marwoto Marwoto
Published: December 2020

Global warming has changed global, regional and local climate conditions. Global climate change is caused, among others, by the increase in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) due to various activities that drive the increase in the earth's temperature. Given that climate is a key element in the metabolic system, plant physiology and crop ecosystems, global climate change will adversely affect the sustainability of agricultural development. The impact of global climate change is the increasing population of pests on agricultural crops. One of the soybean pests whose population is increasing due to the increase in air temperature is the Bemisia tabbaci infestation. Increased pest populations of Bemesia tabbaci infestation in soybean crops cause dwarf leaves of dwarf plants and threatens to increase soybean production. Efforts to overcome the impact of global warming is mainly due to increased pest populations, it is necessary to think and seek breakthroughs to anticipate the explosion of pest populations in soybean crops, among others by: the optimization of natural control, physical and mechanical control and cultivation techniques. The combination of techniques or tactics of the optimal component of soybean pest control technology is established on the basis of appropriate information knowledge about soybean pest, ecosystem and socio-economic based on IPM approach.
Clinical implications of the glucokinase impaired function – GCK MODY today
Authors: Hulín J , Škopková M , Valkovičová T , Mikulajová S , Rosoľanková M , Papcun P , Gašperíková D , Staník J
Published: December 2020

Heterozygous inactivating mutations of the glucokinase (GCK) gene are causing GCK-MODY, one of the most common forms of the Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY). GCK-MODY is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia without apparent worsening with aging and low risk for chronic vascular complications. Despite the mild clinical course, GCK-MODY could be misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. In the diagnostic process, the clinical suspicion is often based on the clinical diagnostic criteria for GCK-MODY and should be confirmed by DNA analysis. However, there are several issues in the clinical and also in genetic part that could complicate the diagnostic process. Most of the people with GCK-MODY do not require any pharmacotherapy. The exception are pregnant women with a fetus which did not inherit GCK mutation from the mother. Such a child has accelerated growth, and has increased risk for diabetic foetopathy. In this situation the mother should be treated with substitutional doses of insulin. Therefore, distinguishing GCK-MODY from gestational diabetes in pregnancy is very important. For this purpose, special clinical diagnostic criteria for clinical identification of GCK-MODY in pregnancy are used. This review updates information on GCK-MODY and discusses several currently not solved problems in the clinical diagnostic process, genetics, and treatment of this type of monogenic diabetes.
Volvulus of stomach (clinical case)
Authors: Krivosheev A. B. , Вukhgeym S. L. , Кhvan L. A. , Vardosanidze V. K. , Bobokhidze D. N. , Cherepanov V. G. , Eremeeva S. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the description of a rare pathology of the digestive system – to an acquired anomaly of the stomach – the gastric volvulus. The clinical symptoms of the disease are analyzed. Gastric fluoroscopy is the leading research method that allows verifying this pathology. Conservative treatment methods are not effective. With volvulus of the stomach, surgical treatment is indicated.
The CXCR4/SDF-1 Axis in the Development of Facial Expression and Non-somitic Neck Muscles
Authors: Yahya Imadeldin , Morosan-Puopolo Gabriela , Brand-Saberi Beate
Published: December 2020

Trunk and head muscles originate from distinct embryonic regions: while the trunk muscles derive from the paraxial mesoderm that becomes segmented into somites, the majority of head muscles develops from the unsegmented cranial paraxial mesoderm. Differences in the molecular control of trunk versus head and neck muscles have been discovered about 25 years ago; interestingly, differences in satellite cell subpopulations were also described more recently. Specifically, the satellite cells of the facial expression muscles share properties with heart muscle. In adult vertebrates, neck muscles span the transition zone between head and trunk. Mastication and facial expression muscles derive from the mesodermal progenitor cells that are located in the first and second branchial arches, respectively. The cucullaris muscle (non-somitic neck muscle) originates from the posterior-most branchial arches. Like other subclasses within the chemokines and chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and SDF-1 play essential roles in the migration of cells within a number of various tissues during development. CXCR4 as receptor together with its ligand SDF-1 have mainly been described to regulate the migration of the trunk muscle progenitor cells. This review first underlines our recent understanding of the development of the facial expression (second arch-derived) muscles, focusing on new insights into the migration event and how this embryonic process is different from the development of mastication (first arch-derived) muscles. Other muscles associated with the head, such as non-somitic neck muscles derived from muscle progenitor cells located in the posterior branchial arches, are also in the focus of this review. Implications on human muscle dystrophies affecting the muscles of face and neck are also discussed.
Using Stakeholder Preferences to Identify Optimal Land Use Configurations
Authors: Kaim Andrea , Strauch Michael , Volk Martin
Published: December 2020

One way to solve multi-objective spatial land use allocation problems is to calculate a set of Pareto-optimal solutions and include stakeholder preferences after the optimization process. There are various land use allocation studies that identify the Pareto frontier (i.e., trade-off curve); to our knowledge, however, for the majority of them, the debate on which solutions are preferred by stakeholders or are preferred by stakeholders remains open. One reason could be that Pareto-optimal solutions, due to their multi-dimensionality, are difficult to communicate. To fill this gap, we give an example using the results of a multi-objective agricultural land use allocation problem that maximizes four biophysical objectives: agricultural production, water quality, water quantity, and biodiversity in the Lossa River Basin in Central Germany. We conducted expert interviews with 11 local stakeholders from different backgrounds, e.g., water experts, nature conservationists, farmers, etc. In addition to providing information about the case study area, we visualized the trade-offs between the different objectives using parallel coordinates plots that allowed the stakeholders to browse through the optimal solutions. Based on this information, the stakeholders set weights for each of the objectives by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). With these weights, we selected the preferred solutions from the Pareto-optimal set. The results show that, overall, stakeholders clearly ranked water quality first, followed by biodiversity, water quantity, and agricultural production. The corresponding land use maps show a huge difference in land management (e.g., less application of fertilizer, more linear elements, and conservation tillage) for the preferred solutions compared to the current status. The method presented in this study can help decision makers finding land use and land management strategies based on both biophysical modeling results and stakeholder expertise, and it shows how multi-objective optimization results can be communicated and used for an information-based decision-making process.
Linking Coleopteran Diversity With Agricultural Management of Maize-Based Agroecosystems in Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: González González Cecilia , Lara García Tania , Jardón-Barbolla Lev , Benítez Mariana
Published: December 2020

Biodiversity is known to be influenced by agricultural practices in many ways. However, it is necessary to understand how this relation takes place in particular agroecosystems, sociocultural contexts and for specific biological groups, especially in highly biodiverse places. Also, in order to systematically study and track how biodiversity responds or changes with agricultural practices, it is necessary to find groups that can be used as practical indicators. We conduct a study of beetle (Coleoptera) diversity in maize-based agricultural plots with heterogeneous management practices in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico, a region with outstanding biodiversity and a long agricultural history. We use a mixture of local knowledge and multivariate statistics to group the plots into two broad and contrasting management categories (traditional vs. industrialized). Then, we present an analysis of Coleopteran diversity for each category, showing higher levels across different diversity indexes for the traditional plots. Specifically, Coleopteran guilds associated with natural pest control and soil conservation are more common in traditional plots than in industrialized ones, while herbivorous beetles are more abundant in the second. Also, our results let us postulate the Curculionidae family as an indicator of both management type and overall Coleopteran diversity in the agricultural lands of the study site. We discuss our results in terms of the agricultural matrix quality and its role in strategies that favor the coexistence of culturally meaningful agricultural systems and local biodiversity.
Relationship between Fatigue and Physical Activity in a Polish Cohort of Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Rzepka Michalina , Toś Mateusz , Boroń Michał , Gibas Katarzyna , Krzystanek Ewa
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives: Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It can be defined as a subjective lack of physical and mental energy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of fatigue in patients with MS and its relationship with overall physical activity and disease-related disability. Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients with a clinical relapsing-remitting form of MS. Patients with severe depression were excluded. Neurological impairment was rated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Fatigue was assessed using the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), with FSS scores greater than 36 indicating patients with fatigue. Physical activity was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and categorized on three levels: low, moderate, and high, using standard metabolic equivalents (MET). Results: The average FSS and MFIS scores were (mean ± SD) 31.3 ± 15.2 and 30.1 ± 17.0, respectively. The mean EDSS score was 2.5 ± 1.5. 42%. Patients were classified as fatigued based on FSS. Fatigued patients had higher mean EDSS scores than non-fatigued (3.0 ± 1.6 vs. 2.2 ± 1.4, respectively, p = 0.002). Low, moderate, and high levels of physical activity were reported in 35%, 20%, and 45% of patients, respectively. Higher scores of fatigue in FSS and MFIS were inversely correlated with the intensity of physical activity (r = −0.38, p < 0.001 and r = −0.33, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with MS, fatigue is a common symptom. Patients with lower physical activity and greater MS-related disability have a higher severity of fatigue, which negatively affects cognitive, psychosocial, and physical functioning.
Abdominal Wall Endometriosis: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Doroftei Bogdan , Armeanu Theodora , Maftei Radu , Ilie Ovidiu-Dumitru , Dabuleanu Ana-Maria , Condac Constantin
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives: Abdominal wall endometriosis, also known as scar endometriosis, is a rare condition that is becoming increasingly common. The recent rise in incidence is attributed primarily to the surge of cesarean births, figures that could be influenced in a positive manner considering the improvements brought towards the ultrasound diagnostic methods that have been made in recent years. Materials and Methods: Here we report the cases of two Caucasian women of 38- (G2P2) and 36-years old (G1P1), both subjected to an ultrasound examination due to a specific symptomatic panel reported during anamnesis. Independently of the current status, in the first patient, there were no reported symptom-specific associations with endometriosis, but she had a known history of mild hereditary thrombophilia; the second woman suffered from two conditions positively associated with endometriosis. Results: In both cases, abnormal structures were revealed, with the diagnostic(s) of endometriosis being histologically confirmed based on a set of features observed during the investigation. Conclusions: This paper aims to highlight the importance of reducing cesarean births and to consider the diagnosis of scar endometriosis in women with a history of obstetric or gynaecological surgeries who present with cyclic, recurrent abdominal pain.
A formação de leitores em Salas de Leitura: diretrizes oficiais, saberes docentes e contextos sociais
Authors: De Pietri Émerson , Santana Luciene De Cassia de
Published: December 2020

Neste trabalho são apresentados resultados de pesquisa orientada pelo objetivo de conhecer as representações de leitura e de leitor constituídas em contextos escolares específicos para a formação de leitores. Observaram-se as relações estabelecidas entre os saberes docentes, as diretrizes oficiais de funcionamento dos espaços institucionais para a formação leitora e as características sociais e econômicas condicionantes dos contextos escolares considerados. O corpus de análise foi composto por planos de trabalho elaborados por professoras de Salas de Leitura de escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo. A análise dos dados evidenciou que as representações de leitura e de leitor observadas nos planos de trabalho analisados se constituem heterogeneamente em função dos diferentes modos como respondem aos objetivos de formação estabelecidos pelas diretrizes oficiais, mas, principalmente, dos modos como respondem aos saberes docentes, às necessidades dos sujeitos da aprendizagem e ao contexto social e econômico em que as atividades didáticas serão desenvolvidas.
Enhancing Listening Skill for Secondary Level Learners through Virtual Learning
Authors: Vidhiya R , David Arputha Raj V
Published: December 2020

Education has become the important aspect of human society. Technology plays a major role in all fields and education is not an exception. The demand for high standard of education is steadily increasing. The systems and methods of teaching change from time to time. In recent years, virtual learning has become effectively employed for better learning. In India, virtual learning is employed at the tertiary level e.g. IIT. But it is not used in the secondary level. Virtual learning renders to high standard of learning and acquisition. It offers diversity of sources and exposures. Virtual learning offers online coaching and videos. Students tend to enjoy learning in the new environment. Virtual learning provides experts lectures and space for better sources. Virtual learning offers a better learning for students and in turn crops a better learning. This paper deals with various aspects of virtual learning in developing listening skills of secondary learners.
Penerapan Prinsip-Prinsip Pelaksanaan Bimbingan dan Konseling di SMP Negeri 2 Pasarwajo
Authors: Tarno Tarno
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prinsip-prinsip dalam pelaksanaan Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK) di SMP Negeri 2 Pasarwajo. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang danalisis secara deskriptif pada penerapan prinsip-prinsip Bimbingan dan Konseling oleh Guru SMP Negeri 2 Pasarwajo dengan metode pengumpulan data observasi langsung. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman melalui tiga tahap yaitu (1) Reduksi data (data reduction) (2) Penyajian data (display data) (3) Kesimpulan (conclution drawing). Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa prinsip-prinsip pelaksanaan BK oleh guru terkait telah terlaksana sebagaimana mestinya. Dari empat indikator pertanyaan terdapat satu indikator mengenai pelayanan individual dari masalah yang dihadapi siswa yang seharusnya dapat difasilitasi oleh guru. Selain itu dari aspek fasilitas pelaksanaan masih jauh dari kesempurnaan akibat kurangnya kerjasama dan dukungan dari pimpinan sekolah dan stekholder terhadap fungsi, tujuan dan manfaat Bimbingan dan Konseling.