bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stripe rust resistance gene(s) postulation in wheat germplasm with the help of differentials and tagged molecular markers
Authors: Haider Mohammad Waris , Kaur Jaspal , Bala Ritu , Singh Sandeep , Srivastava Puja , Sharma Achla , Singh Rohtas , Kumari Jyoti
Published: June 2023

Thirteen known Yr gene-associated markers pertaining to genes (Yr5,Yr10,Yr15,Yr24/Yr26) were used to identify the genes in selected wheat germplasm which were found resistant under field conditions at two locations in Punjab, India against stripe rust. In field evaluation, 38 genotypes exhibited highly resistant response, with a final rust severity (FRS) ranging from 0 to TR. Seven genotypes expressed a resistant to moderately resistant response with FRS ranging from 5MR–10S. In race-specific phenotying against most prevalent pathotypes of Pucciniastriiformistritici (46S119,110S119 &238S119) by seedling reaction test (SRT) 14 genotypes (29.2%) were found to be immune (IT = 0), 28 genotypes (58.3%) were resistant (IT = 1), and 3 genotypes (6.3%) were moderately resistant (IT = 2). Yr5 was detected in sixteen lines with the help of two markers Xwmc175 and Xgwm120 linked with Yr5. Yr10 was detected in ten lines with the marker Xpsp3000 and Yr15 was detected in fourteen lines with two linked markers; Xgwm413 and Xgwm273. Likewise, Yr24/26 was detected in 15 lines with two linked markers, namely Xbarc181 and Xbarc187. Based on the race specific phenotyping data and marker data, fourteen lines were found to carry a single gene, 16 showed the presence of two gene combinations, and seven genotypes were found to have a combination of three genes. Frequencies of Yr5, Yr15 and Yr26/Yr24 was high among test wheat germplasm in comparison to Yr10.
Effects of a single night of continuous positive airway pressure on spontaneous brain activity in severe obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Sun Yuanfeng , Lei Fei , Luo Lian , Zou Ke , Tang Xiangdong
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a single night of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on spontaneous brain activity and the underlying neuropathological mechanisms in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The study involved 30 severe OSA patients and 19 healthy controls (HC). Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) methods were employed to evaluate spontaneous brain activity in all participants. Following a single night of CPAP treatment, ReHo values increased in the bilateral caudate and decreased in the right superior frontal gyrus. The fALFF values increased in the left orbital part of the middle frontal gyrus and the right orbital of the inferior frontal gyrus (Frontal_Inf_Orb_R). However, fALFF values decreased in the medial part of the left superior frontal gyrus and the right supramarginal part of the inferior parietal lobe. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between the change in the fALFF in the Frontal_Inf_Orb_R and the change in REM sleep duration (r = 0.437, p = 0.016) following a single night of CPAP treatment. We concluded that observing changes in abnormal fALFF and ReHo in OSA patients before and after a single night of CPAP treatment may enhance our understanding of the neurological mechanisms in patients with severe OSA.
Evidence for a maintenance cost for birds maintaining highly flexible basal, but not summit, metabolic rates
Authors: Swanson David L. , Stager Maria , Vézina François , Liu Jin-Song , McKechnie Andrew E. , Amirkhiz Reza Goljani
Published: June 2023

Reversible phenotypic flexibility allows organisms to better match phenotypes to prevailing environmental conditions and may produce fitness benefits. Costs and constraints of phenotypic flexibility may limit the capacity for flexible responses but are not well understood nor documented. Costs could include expenses associated with maintaining the flexible system or with generating the flexible response. One potential cost of maintaining a flexible system is an energetic cost reflected in the basal metabolic rate (BMR), with elevated BMR in individuals with more flexible metabolic responses. We accessed data from thermal acclimation studies of birds where BMR and/or Msum(maximum cold-induced metabolic rate) were measured before and after acclimation, as a measure of metabolic flexibility, to test the hypothesis that flexibility in BMR (ΔBMR), Msum(ΔMsum), or metabolic scope (Msum − BMR; ΔScope) is positively correlated with BMR. When temperature treatments lasted at least three weeks, three of six species showed significant positive correlations between ΔBMR and BMR, one species showed a significant negative correlation, and two species showed no significant correlation. ΔMsumand BMR were not significantly correlated for any species and ΔScope and BMR were significantly positively correlated for only one species. These data suggest that support costs exist for maintaining high BMR flexibility for some bird species, but high flexibility in Msumor metabolic scope does not generally incur elevated maintenance costs.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases found in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from blood cultures and corresponding stool specimen
Authors: Doerr Nina , Dietze Nadine , Lippmann Norman , Rodloff Arne C.
Published: June 2023

With extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and CTX-M enzymes being on the rise, antimicrobial treatment of enterobacterial infections is becoming more and more challenging. Our study aimed at a molecular characterization of phenotypically ESBL-positiveE. colistrains obtained from blood cultures of patients of the University Hospital of Leipzig (UKL), Germany. The presence of CMY-2, CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 was investigated using Streck ARM-D Kit (Streck, USA). Real-time amplifications were performed by QIAGEN Rotor-Gene Q MDx Thermocycler (QIAGEN, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Antibiograms as well as epidemiological data were evaluated. Among 117 cases, 74.4% of the isolates showed a resistance to ciprofloxacin, piperacillin and ceftazidime or cefotaxime while being susceptible to imipenem/meropenem. The proportion of ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly higher than the proportion of ciprofloxacin susceptibility. At least one of the investigated genes was detected in 93.1% of the blood cultureE. coliisolates: CTX-M-15 (66.7%), CTX-M-14 (25.6%) or the plasmid-mediated ampC gene CMY-2 (3.4%). 2.6% were tested positive for two resistance genes. 94 of the corresponding stool specimens tested positive for ESBL producingE. coli(94/112, 83.9%). 79 (79/94, 84%)E. colistrains found in the stool samples matched with the respective patient’s blood culture isolate phenotypically (MALDI-TOF, antibiogram). The distribution of resistance genes was in accordance with recent studies in Germany as well as worldwide. This study provides indications of an endogenous focus of infection and emphasize the importance of screening programs for high-risk patients.
Maternal weight latent trajectories and associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes using a smoothing mixture model
Authors: Faraji Azad Shirin , Biglarian Akbar , Rostami Maryam , Bidhendi-Yarandi Razieh
Published: June 2023

Class membership is a critical issue in health data sciences. Different types of statistical models have been widely applied to identify participants within a population with heterogeneous longitudinal trajectories. This study aims to identify latent longitudinal trajectories of maternal weight associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes using smoothing mixture model (SMM). Data were collected from the Khuzestan Vitamin D Deficiency Screening Program in Pregnancy. We applied the data of 877 pregnant women living in Shooshtar city, whose weights during the nine months of pregnancy were available. In the first step, maternal weight was classified and participants were assigned to only one group for which the estimated trajectory is the most similar to the observed one using SMM; then, we examined the associations of identified trajectories with risk of adverse pregnancy endpoints by applying logistic regression. Three latent trajectories for maternal weight during pregnancy were identified and named as low, medium and high weight trajectories. Crude estimated odds ratio (OR) for icterus, preterm delivery, NICU admission and composite neonatal events shows significantly higher risks in trajectory 1 (low weight) compared to trajectory 2 (medium weight) by 69% (OR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.20, 2.39), 82% (OR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.14, 2.87), 77% (OR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.17, 2.43), and 85% (OR = 1.85, 95%CI 1.38, 2.76), respectively. Latent class trajectories of maternal weights can be accurately estimated using SMM. It is a powerful means for researchers to appropriately assign individuals to their class. The U-shaped curve of association between maternal weight gain and risk of maternal complications reveals that the optimum place for pregnant women could be in the middle of the growth curve to minimize the risks. Low maternal weight trajectory compared to high had even a significantly higher hazard for some neonatal adverse events. Therefore, appropriate weight gain is critical for pregnant women.

Trial registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 2014102519660N1; http://www.irct.ir/searchresult.php?keyword=&id=19660&number=1&prt=7805&total=10&m=1 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6p3lkqFdV).
Potential for surprising heat and drought events in wheat-producing regions of USA and China
Authors: Coughlan de Perez Erin , Ganapathi Hamsa , Masukwedza Gibbon I. T. , Griffin Timothy , Kelder Timo
Published: June 2023

Previous analyses of the possibility of global breadbasket failures have extrapolated risks based on historical relationships between climate and yields. However, climate change is causing unprecedented events globally, which could exceed critical thresholds and reduce yields, even if there is no historical precedent. This means that we are likely underestimating climate risks to our food system. In the case of wheat, parts of the USA and China show little historical relationship between yields and temperature, but extreme temperatures are now possible that exceed critical physiological thresholds in wheat plants. UNprecedented Simulated Extreme ENsemble (UNSEEN) approaches use large ensembles to generate plausible unprecedented events, which can inform our assessment of the risk to crops. We use the UNSEEN approach with a large ensemble of archived seasonal forecasts to generate thousands of plausible events over the last 40 years and compare the results with historically observed extreme temperature and precipitation. In the US midwest, extreme temperatures that would have happened approximately 1-in-100-years in 1981 now have a return period of 1-in-6 years, while in China, the current return period is on the order of 1-in-16 years. This means that in the US midwest, extreme temperatures that used to have a 1% chance to occur in 1981 now have a 17% chance to occur in any given year, while in China, the chance increased from 1% to 6%. Record-breaking years exceeding critical thresholds for enzymes in the wheat plant are now more likely than in the past, and these record-breaking hot years are associated with extremely dry conditions in both locations. Using geopotential height and wind anomalies from the UNSEEN ensemble, we demonstrate that strong winds over land pull dry air towards the regions these during extremely hot and dry unseen events. We characterize plausible extremes from the UNSEEN ensemble that can be used to help imagine otherwise unforeseen events, including a compound event in which high impacts co-occur in both regions, informing adaptation planning in these regions. Recent temperature extremes, especially in the US midwest, are unlikely to be a good proxy for what to expect in the next few years of today’s climate, and local stakeholders might perceive their risk to be lower than it really is. We find that there is a high potential for surprise in these regions if people base risk analyses solely on historical datasets.
Wearable based monitoring and self-supervised contrastive learning detect clinical complications during treatment of Hematologic malignancies
Authors: Jacobsen Malte , Gholamipoor Rahil , Dembek Till A. , Rottmann Pauline , Verket Marlo , Brandts Julia , Jäger Paul , Baermann Ben-Niklas , Kondakci Mustafa , Heinemann Lutz , Gerke Anna L. , Marx Nikolaus , Müller-Wieland Dirk , Möllenhoff Kathrin , Seyfarth Melchior , Kollmann Markus , Kobbe Guido
Published: June 2023

Serious clinical complications (SCC; CTCAE grade ≥ 3) occur frequently in patients treated for hematological malignancies. Early diagnosis and treatment of SCC are essential to improve outcomes. Here we report a deep learning model-derived SCC-Score to detect and predict SCC from time-series data recorded continuously by a medical wearable. In this single-arm, single-center, observational cohort study, vital signs and physical activity were recorded with a wearable for 31,234 h in 79 patients (54 Inpatient Cohort (IC)/25 Outpatient Cohort (OC)). Hours with normal physical functioning without evidence of SCC (regular hours) were presented to a deep neural network that was trained by a self-supervised contrastive learning objective to extract features from the time series that are typical in regular periods. The model was used to calculate a SCC-Score that measures the dissimilarity to regular features. Detection and prediction performance of the SCC-Score was compared to clinical documentation of SCC (AUROC ± SD). In total 124 clinically documented SCC occurred in the IC, 16 in the OC. Detection of SCC was achieved in the IC with a sensitivity of 79.7% and specificity of 87.9%, with AUROC of 0.91 ± 0.01 (OC sensitivity 77.4%, specificity 81.8%, AUROC 0.87 ± 0.02). Prediction of infectious SCC was possible up to 2 days before clinical diagnosis (AUROC 0.90 at −24 h and 0.88 at −48 h). We provide proof of principle for the detection and prediction of SCC in patients treated for hematological malignancies using wearable data and a deep learning model. As a consequence, remote patient monitoring may enable pre-emptive complication management.
Reduced dynamic complexity allows structure elucidation of an excited state of KRASG13D
Authors: Chao Fa-An , Chan Albert H. , Dharmaiah Srisathiyanarayanan , Schwieters Charles D. , Tran Timothy H. , Taylor Troy , Ramakrishnan Nitya , Esposito Dominic , Nissley Dwight V. , McCormick Frank , Simanshu Dhirendra K. , Cornilescu Gabriel
Published: June 2023

Localized dynamics of RAS, including regions distal to the nucleotide-binding site, is of high interest for elucidating the mechanisms by which RAS proteins interact with effectors and regulators and for designing inhibitors. Among several oncogenic mutants, methyl relaxation dispersion experiments reveal highly synchronized conformational dynamics in the active (GMPPNP-bound) KRASG13D, which suggests an exchange between two conformational states in solution. Methyl and31P NMR spectra of active KRASG13Din solution confirm a two-state ensemble interconverting on the millisecond timescale, with a major Pγatom peak corresponding to the dominant State 1 conformation and a secondary peak indicating an intermediate state different from the known State 2 conformation recognized by RAS effectors. High-resolution crystal structures of active KRASG13Dand KRASG13D-RAF1 RBD complex provide snapshots of the State 1 and 2 conformations, respectively. We use residual dipolar couplings to solve and cross-validate the structure of the intermediate state of active KRASG13D, showing a conformation distinct from those of States 1 and 2 outside the known flexible switch regions. The dynamic coupling between the conformational exchange in the effector lobe and the breathing motion in the allosteric lobe is further validated by a secondary mutation in the allosteric lobe, which affects the conformational population equilibrium.
Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and in-silico drug predictions for liver damage in young and aged burn victims
Authors: Malachowska Beata , Yang Weng-Lang , Qualman Andrea , Muro Israel , Boe Devin M. , Lampe Jed N. , Kovacs Elizabeth J. , Idrovo Juan-Pablo
Published: June 2023

Burn induces a systemic response affecting multiple organs, including the liver. Since the liver plays a critical role in metabolic, inflammatory, and immune events, a patient with impaired liver often exhibits poor outcomes. The mortality rate after burns in the elderly population is higher than in any other age group, and studies show that the liver of aged animals is more susceptible to injury after burns. Understanding the aged-specific liver response to burns is fundamental to improving health care. Furthermore, no liver-specific therapy exists to treat burn-induced liver damage highlighting a critical gap in burn injury therapeutics. In this study, we analyzed transcriptomics and metabolomics data from the liver of young and aged mice to identify mechanistic pathways and in-silico predict therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse burn-induced liver damage. Our study highlights pathway interactions and master regulators that underlie the differential liver response to burn injury in young and aged animals.
Hydroclimatic extremes contribute to asymmetric trends in ecosystem productivity loss
Authors: Li Jun , Bevacqua Emanuele , Wang Zhaoli , Sitch Stephen , Arora Vivek , Arneth Almut , Jain Atul K. , Goll Daniel , Tian Hanqin , Zscheischler Jakob
Published: June 2023

Gross primary production is the basis of global carbon uptake. Gross primary production losses are often related to hydroclimatic extremes such as droughts and heatwaves, but the trend of such losses driven by hydroclimatic extremes remains unclear. Using observationally-constrained and process-based model data from 1982-2016, we show that drought-heat events, drought-cold events, droughts and heatwaves are the dominant drivers of gross primary production loss. Losses associated with these drivers increase in northern midlatitude ecosystem but decrease in pantropical ecosystems, thereby contributing to around 70% of the variability in total gross primary production losses. These asymmetric trends are caused by an increase in the magnitude of gross primary production losses in northern midlatitudes and by a decrease in the frequency of gross primary production loss events in pantropical ecosystems. Our results suggest that the pantropics may have become less vulnerable to hydroclimatic variability over recent decades whereas gross primary production losses and hydroclimatic extremes in northern midlatitudes have become more closely entangled.
Prediction and control of fracture paths in disordered architected materials using graph neural networks
Authors: Karapiperis Konstantinos , Kochmann Dennis M.
Published: June 2023

Architected materials typically rely on regular periodic patterns to achieve improved mechanical properties such as stiffness or fracture toughness. Here we introduce a class of irregular cellular materials with engineered topological and geometrical disorder, which represents a shift from conventional designs. We first develop a graph learning model for predicting the fracture path in these architected materials. The model employs a graph convolution for spatial message passing and a gated recurrent unit architecture for temporal dependence. Once trained on data gleaned from experimentally validated elastoplastic beam finite element analyses, the learned model produces accurate predictions overcoming the need for expensive finite element calculations. We finally leverage the trained model in combination with a downstream optimization scheme to generate optimal architectures that maximize the crack path length and, hence, the associated fracture energy.
A new graphene-based nanomaterial increases lipolysis and reduces body weight gain through integrin linked kinase (ILK)
Authors: de Frutos Sergio , Griera Mercedes , Lavín-López Maria del Prado , Martínez-Rovira Martín , Martínez-Rovira José António , Rodríguez-Puyol Manuel , Rodríguez-Puyol Diego
Published: June 2023

Graphene-based GMC binds to integrinβ1/ILK cluster to reduce adipocyte triglyceride storage in hypertrophied subcutaneous adipose tissue and increases, in turn, ILK expression and lipolysis.
A scalable neural network architecture for self-supervised tomographic image reconstruction
Authors: Dong Hongyang , Jacques Simon D. M. , Kockelmann Winfried , Price Stephen W. T. , Emberson Robert , Matras Dorota , Odarchenko Yaroslav , Middelkoop Vesna , Giokaris Athanasios , Gutowski Olof , Dippel Ann-Christin , von Zimmermann Martin , Beale Andrew M. , Butler Keith T. , Vamvakeros Antonis
Published: June 2023

We present a lightweight and scalable artificial neural network architecture which is used to reconstruct a tomographic image from a given sinogram.
Chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate)viasequential glycolysis, oleoyl chloride esterification and vulcanization to yield durable composites
Authors: Lopez Claudia V. , Smith Rhett C.
Published: June 2023

Glycolyzed PET was esterified then vulcanized to produce composites with strength exceeding that of mineral cement. The process may allow replacing environmentally-damaging materials while recycling plastic waste.
Dispersion of PM and VOC pollutants from open burning of municipal solid wastes on host communities: emission inventory estimation and dispersion modelling study
Authors: Popoola Adewemimo Oluwakunmi , Jimoda Lukuman Adekilekun , Olu-Arotiowa Olusesan Abel , Ogunkunle Oyetola , Laseinde Opeyeolu Timothy , Adebanjo Sunday Adekunle , Raji Wuraola Abake
Published: June 2023

This study focused on the dispersion of PM and VOC pollutants from the open burning of solid waste on the Sokoto-Aiyekale dump site in Ilorin, Nigeria, owing to the scarcity of information on pollutants' impact on onsite workers and the population surrounding the dump site.
The morphology and structural features of self-aggregating hexapeptides with antibiofilm formation activity
Authors: Chen Dongru , Wang Tingyu , Huang Yiyi , Chen Yucong , Lin Huancai , Wu Liping
Published: June 2023

Though self-aggregating peptides all aggregate into fibrils, they have been found to exert different roles against microbes, and the reasons remain unknown.
Introduction to Epitaxial growth of nanostructures and their properties
Authors: Zou Jin
Published: June 2023

Professor Jin Zou introduces the Nanoscale Advances themed collection on Epitaxial growth of nanostructures and their properties.
Ultrahigh conductivity and non-trivial band structure in van der Waals Nb dichalcogenides with Ge intercalation
Authors: Han Xue , Liu Zhaolong , Guo Zhongnan , Feng Xiaojing , Gao Yan , Jin Shifeng , Yuan Wenxia
Published: June 2023

The van der Waals materials Ge0.33NbS2 and Ge0.26NbSe2 have been synthesized via the chemical vapor transport method and the former shows ultrahigh conductivity at room temperature due to its non-trivial topological band structure.
Recent progress on the chemical synthesis of bacterial non-2-ulosonic acids
Authors: Guo Xing , Li Pengfei , Liu Han , Li Xuechen
Published: June 2023

A summary of the chemical syntheses of bacterial non-2-ulosonic acids and their derivatives via de novo synthetic approaches starting from non-sugar compounds and total synthesis starting from sugar material.
Research status of polysiloxane-based piezoresistive flexible human electronic sensors
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Ning , Wang Guorui , Zhang Chi , Zhang Yu , Zeng Fanglei , Liu Hailong , Yi Gang , Wang Zhongwei
Published: June 2023

The research progress and preparation methods of piezoresistivity flexible human electronic sensors based on polysiloxane materials in recent years are summarized, and the future research directions are prospected.
Tuning the selectivity of benzylamine photo-oxidation with different rhodium modes anchored on BiOIO3
Authors: Liu Jiaping , Wu Yan , Chen Qingqing , Yu Rui , Shi Keqing , Jing Tao , Li Zhujie , Lou Zaizhu , Wang Gang
Published: June 2023

We fabricated two different Rh modes, Rh single atom and nanoparticles, and anchored on the BiOIO3surface to rationally tune the product selectivity of the benzylamine photo-oxidation reaction.
Boosting hydrazine oxidation and hydrogen evolution catalysis with anchored Ru clusters by electronically tunable Ru–S–C bonds
Authors: Zhang Huaikun , Wang Wentao , Dai Zechuan , Zhu Yin , Cheng Mingyu , Zhang Bocheng , Feng Yafei , Zhang Yangyang , Zhang Genqiang
Published: June 2023

A composite of Ru clusters supported on N, S co-doped hollow carbon spheres (Ru/NSCS) is synthesized by constructing robust Ru–S bonds, which exhibits excellent bifunctional catalytic activity for HER and HzOR.
Glass structure as a driver of polaronic conductivity in phosphate glasses containing MoO3 and WO3
Authors: Renka Sanja , Banhatti Radha D. , Tricot Grégory , Kalenda Petr , Pavić Luka , Mošner Petr , Koudelka Ladislav , Šantić Ana
Published: June 2023

Structurally governed polaronic conductivity in phosphate glasses containing tungsten and molybdenum oxides.
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of orientated delafossite CuFeO2 films from a mildly acidic solution on substrates
Authors: Shinagawa Tsutomu , Tachibori Wataru , Nishii Tomoya , Ohtaka Atsushi
Published: June 2023

The hydrothermal deposition of delafossite CuFeO2 films on substrates is achieved by using a mildly acidic solution. The CuFeO2 obtained has a well-faceted surface morphology and a [110] preferred growth orientation.
Hearing Aids Combined With Educational Counseling Versus Educational Counseling Alone for Tinnitus Treatment in Patients With Hearing Loss: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
Authors: Wang Xunyi , Guo Lanxin , Tian Run , Fei Yingping , Ji Jinfeng , Diao Cong , Zuo Lin , Zeng Yuxiao , Guo Qingxin , Chen Ke , Zheng Yun
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The effect of hearing aids (HAs) and educational counseling (EC) or their combination on tinnitus is ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate whether the combined use of HAs and EC is more effective than EC alone on tinnitus relief.

Method:

A total of 72 adults with chronic, bothersome tinnitus and coexisting sensorineural hearing loss completed at least 1-month and 3-month follow-up. After receiving EC and HA prescriptions, 21 participants selected to purchase HAs (i.e., the HA + EC group), whereas the remaining 51 refused to use HAs despite recommendations (i.e., the EC group). Tinnitus severity was measured by Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire (TEQ), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for loudness. The primary outcome measure was THI, and tinnitus relief was defined as a 20-point or more reduction in THI. A generalized linear mixed model was used to confirm that the heterogeneity in baseline characteristics between groups did not interfere with the results.

Results:

The THI, TEQ, and VAS scores decreased significantly after treatments, and both groups yielded a similar trend of reduction. There were no significant differences in the incidence of tinnitus relief and time-to-event curves between the two groups. In addition, the length of follow-up did not affect treatment effectiveness.

Conclusion:

There was insufficient evidence to support the superiority of the combined use of HA and EC for tinnitus over EC with no device.
Overview on state-of-the-art numerical modeling of the phonation process
Authors: Döllinger Michael , Zhang Zhaoyan , Schoder Stefan , Šidlof Petr , Tur Bogac , Kniesburges Stefan
Published: June 2023

Numerical modeling of the human phonatory process has become more and more in focus during the last two decades. The increase in computational power and the use of high-performance computation (HPC) yielded more complex models being closer to the actual fluid-structure-acoustic interaction (FSAI) within the human phonatory process. However, several different simulation approaches with varying mathematical complexity and focus on certain parts of the phonatory process exist. Currently, models are suggested based on ordinary differential equations (reduced order models) but also on partial differential equations based on continuum mechanics as e.g. the Navier–Stokes equations for the flow discretized by Finite-Volume or Finite-Element-Methods. This review will illuminate current trends and recent progress within the area. In summary, the ultimate simulation model satisfying all physiological needs and scientific opinions still has to be developed.
Propagation effects in the synthesis of wind turbine aerodynamic noise
Authors: Mascarenhas David , Cotté Benjamin , Doaré Olivier
Published: June 2023

The sound field radiated by a wind turbine changes significantly with propagation distance, depending on the meteorological conditions and on the type of ground. In this article, we present a wind turbine noise synthesis model which is based on theoretical source and propagation models. The source model is based on Amietâ’s theory for the prediction of the trailing edge noise and the turbulent inflow noise. The trailing edge noise uses the wall pressure spectrum calculated with Leeâ’s model for the suction side and Goodyâ’s model for the pressure side. The Kolmogorov spectrum is used for the prediction of the turbulent inflow noise. To account for the propagation effects associated with atmospheric refraction and ground reflection, a wide angle parabolic equation in inhomogeneous moving medium is considered. The scattering due to the turbulence in the atmosphere is accounted for using the Harmonoise model. The synthesis method is based on the moving monopole model to accurately predict the amplitude modulations at the receiver, and uses cross-fading between overlapping grains to obtain the time signals from the frequency-domain prediction model. Finally, audio signals are provided for a few test cases to emphasize various propagation phenomena associated with wind turbine noise.
Research progress and prospect of geothermal resources
Authors: Liu Lei , Yang Lei , Shen Liang , Liu Lei , Xiao Hanli
Published: June 2023

The world is reducing the use of fossil energy. Reducing carbon emissions will help protect the atmospheric environment. Because geothermal resources are are green, clean and carbon free energy, these are much accounted of by many countries. This paper explains the geological and geophysical characteristics of geothermal resources, summarizes the research of classification and utilization of geothermal resources, and expounds the technical process and difficult problems in the utilization of geothermal resources. It is concluded that if the key problems of geothermal resources utilization are solved, there will be a broad prospect for the utilization of geothermal resources.
Multi-objective Spatial Optimization and Evaluation of Land Use in Xishuangbanna
Authors: Liang Xinyue , Chen Jiarong , Chen Hanli , Li Anqi , Wang Hongzhou
Published: June 2023

Effective management of environmental resources and energy demands optimal land use, which is a crucial issue in environmental planning and assessment nowadays. This paper proposes a method for optimal land use in the Xishuangbanna Prefecture, with three objectives (maximum economic efficiency, ecological efficiency, and land compactness) and corresponding constraints according to the development needs and environmental resources characteristics. The multi-objective optimization algorithm (improved NSGA-II) is used to explore a set of solutions for land use optimization in which all objectives are optimal and weighed. Among them, representative solutions are selected (the no-preference solution and the solutions in which each of the three objectives prevails). After optimization, a comprehensive evaluation model is established to further assess representative solutions based on the analytic hierarchy process, which has good adaptability and flexibility for different decision orientations. The paper provides decision support for land use planning and assessment in the Xishuangbanna Prefecture and can be extended to other regions.
Prediction of BOD in water body of Chaohu Lake based on GA-RandomForest
Authors: Jing Xiangnan , Xu Ling , Yuan Rui , Wang Zhiyuan , Ding Aaoyun , Liu Feilong , Zhang Haoyu , Zhang Hailong , Ge Jie
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the problems existing in the process of river water quality detection, this paper proposes a BOD prediction model based on GA-RandomForest optimization, and evaluates the model through MAE and MAPE, and achieves good results. And the forecast experiment is carried out through the water quality data of Chaohu Lake for 3 months. The experimental results show that the BOD prediction model based on GA-RandomForest is effective, and the model is based on higher accuracy.
Green GDP Calculation Study Based on CVM and EWM
Authors: Huang Yuwei
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the calculation method of green GDP and how it determines climate change. Firstly, a new method of calculating green GDP is proposed by combining the coefficient of variation method and entropy weight method to calculate the weight of the selected indicators on green GDP, which can be effectively combined with the development situation of each country for judgment, and the results of green GDP calculation of several countries are given to study the influence of different indicators on economy and environment. Then, using annual CO2 emissions as a reference, the amount of change in future GDP and green GDP is firstly predicted by grey forecast model, and then future CO2 emissions are calculated by support vector regression, which can reflect the future climate change. The results suggest that CO2 emissions are likely to continue to rise in the future.
Analysis of hydrodynamic influence before and after the demolition of Fenghuang Two Island
Authors: Li Xin , Shou Youping , Qiao Jianzhe , Tian Mingjing
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the hydrodynamic survey data around Fenghuang Island in March 2018 and April 2022 were collected to analyze the impact of the demolition of Fenghuang 2 Island on the hydrodynamic of Sanya Bay. The results show that the tidal pattern of the Sanya Bay is irregular diurnal. The current velocity outside the mouth of the Sanya River is slightly lower than that in Hanoi. The mean current velocity near the shore gradually increases to the open sea, and the mean current velocity in Hanoi and the mouth is significantly lower than that in other sea areas. Before the demolition of Fenghuang II Island, due to the weakening of the shield effect of Fenghuang II Island on the southbound waves, the northwest coastal sand transport capacity was enhanced, resulting in the change of the sand content of the surrounding stations of Fenghuang II Island.
Construction of carbon-neutral data governance framework in the context of big data
Authors: Pan Chung-Lien , Hong Yuting , Du Jiexian , Peng Yumei , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2023

Climate change has brought increasingly serious challenges to human survival and sustainable development. It is a global consensus to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality as soon as possible to protect the earth's home. To provide the latest research frontier of the carbon-neutral data governance framework in the new era, this study uses VOSviewer and bibliometrics to systematically review the carbon-neutral data governance framework related to carbon trading, carbon accounting, carbon storage, and carbon pricing based on the mapping of 141 documents retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS） database from 1900 to 2023, integrating international data space, data sovereignty, and E-liability. It mainly analyzes four parts: annual trend, main countries, and sources, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic strategic coordinate map, and summarizes the research results using the concepts of system thinking and knowledge intermediary, aiming to provide some references for researchers, managers, and industry professionals.
How organizations can use carbon emissions data to achieve carbon neutrality
Authors: Pan Chung-Lien , Mai Xinyue , Zheng Suyi , Chen Huanting , Liang Yuhong
Published: June 2023

To help China achieve the "dual carbon" goal at an early date and mitigate global climate change brought about by the greenhouse effect, people are increasingly interested in topics such as carbon neutrality, sustainability, and energy, which has led to apparent changes in many cross-disciplinary disciplines. While upgrading the organization industry, people often neglect to implement measures from the energy side. The study is based on 492 articles retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database between 1900 and 2023, and conducted comprehensive data and visual analysis of keywords such as "carbon neutrality", "carbon emissions", and "carbon footprint". Bibliometrics show that publications have proliferated since 2008 and also involve multiple disciplines, such as management, sustainable development studies, public health, energy, and other related major fields. At the same time, research institutions in China, the United Kingdom, and Singapore have excelled in such disciplines. The authors use big data analysis technology and visualization software to comprehensively analyze the research results in the form of charts from the aspects of literature publication and citation trends, top research institutions, and keyword clustering, which provides research ideas for research organizations to use carbon emission data to achieve carbon neutrality.
Study on Ecological Security Evaluation Index System of the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Tian Yuxin , Tian Meirong , Feng Chaoyang , Niu Xitong , Liu Mengfei
Published: June 2023

As an important energy base and ecological barrier in China, the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin has a very important strategic position in the pattern of high-quality development, but it is threatened by human activities and climate change. In order to evaluate the degree of ecological security in the Yellow River Basin and clarify the influencing factors of ecological security, this paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the existing ecological security assessment methods and models. On this basis, the system dynamics model is used to describe the process of ecological security threats, identify the key factors that threaten ecological security, and then sort out the ecological security assessment indicators. The ecological security assessment model composed of pressure(P), state(S), hidden dangers(D), response(R) and management (M) (PSDRM) indicators is constructed, and the ecological security assessment methods and processes are improved to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for improving the ecological security assessment of the basin.
Nine kinds of novel cytokines identified in children with lead exposure
Authors: Zhang Xuezhong , Dapar Mark Lloyd G. , Hu Jianguo
Published: June 2023

Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxic heavy metal element with many recognized adverse health side effects, and its main target of lead toxicity is the central nervous system. The mechanism of lead toxicity is still uncertain. However, there are few studies investigated the cytokines changes caused by lead exposure in children. The BLLs was quantified using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The novel cytokines were detected by RayBio@ Human Cytokine Antibody Array. A total of 4 children with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) and 4 children with low BLLs were chosen in the study. Volcano plot analysis was performed to identify significant proteins, with the criteria: P value <0.05 and log2 fold change >1. The mean BLLs of children with elevated BLLs (5.675±1.018 μg/dL) has significant difference compared with those with low BLLs (1.975±0.3966 μg/dL) (P=0.0148, t=3.385). And 9 kinds of novel cytokines were identified. The expression of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17 was significantly up-regulated, while the expression of BDNF, BMP-4, IGF-1, IL-7, IL-10 and Leptin was significantly down-regulated.
Nature-based Solutions to Restoration of Contaminated Soils and Enhance Biodiversity and Human Health
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zhang Zihe , Ma Jianwu
Published: June 2023

The soil environment and its biodiversity are the basis of human health, but currently, soil degradation on a large scale is causing soil pollution and threatening human development. In this context, the use of conventional soil remediation techniques will lead to waste of resources and secondary contamination of soil, in contrast to nature-based solutions that use natural processes to restore the original contaminated soil resources and improve sustainability, which is an appropriate and sustainable approach to address the problems associated with soil contamination. In this paper, we compiled the nature-based remediation measures for contaminated soils and proposed ecologically oriented measures based on plants, soil microorganisms, biochar and soil animals, and engineering-oriented measures based on artificial wetlands, non-intensive agricultural management and green natural nanomaterials, and focused on their mechanism of action and synergistic relationship, focusing on the effects of the two together on the soil remediation process and results. The focus is on the added benefits of nature-based solutions in the process and outcome of soil restoration to enhance biodiversity and human health.
Study on the ecological effects of the spatial transformation of the Production-Living-Ecological Space in Guangxi
Authors: He Cailian , Hu Xueka , Shi Mengqi , Lin Shugao
Published: June 2023

Guanxing was determined as the study area, and the characteristics and formation mechanism of the transition of "production-life-ecology" were analyzed from 1990 to 2018 by transfer matrix model, habitat quality index model and ecological contribution rate model. The results showed that: 1) The area of production and living space increased by 299.72 square kilometers and 900.34 square kilometers respectively, while the area of ecological space decreased by 1200.06 square kilometers; 2)The high-quality ecological environment zones are distributed in the northern areas with higher elevation, the medium-quality zones are distributed in the central plain areas,and the low-quality zones are distributed in the southern coastal areas; 3)The ecological environment quality changes from population and natural environment as the main controlling factors gradually turned to the driving mechanism of the policy system, socio-economic and demographic factors.Thus, It is an effective measure for Guangxi to deal with the ecological environment problems by reducing the speed of the production and living space crowding out the ecological space in the central plain and the southern coastal areas, and reducing the disturbance of human economic activities to the land space in the severe rocky desertification area in the north.
Measures for mitigating the shrinking of the North Branch of Changjiang Estuary
Authors: Zhou Jian-Yin , Chen Zheng-Bing , Hu De-Chao , Jiang Lei , Zeng Xin
Published: June 2023

The atrophy of the entrance channel in the North Branch of Changjiang Estuary and the sediment supplied by landward tidal flow from the sea to the branch, threaten the sustainable use of the numerous ports and wharves along the riversides. Four different plans of two groups to mitigate the shrinking of the North Branch were proposed and tested. The plans in the first group aimed to expand the entrance channel and the upper section of the North Branch through dredging. The purpose of the plans in the second group was to reduce the landward tidal volume in the lower section of the North Branch to reduce the sediment import from the sea. The effects of these plans were simulated by a 2D computational hydrodynamic model, and the results such as tidal volume at different sections, the portions of tidal volume in different branches, and the high and low tidal levels at the monitoring points, were obtained and compared. After that, one plan from each group was recommended. The measures of the recommended plans have been mostly adopted in the report of Revision of the Comprehensive Regulation and Development Plan of the Changjiang Estuary.
Application feasibility of the novel SWAM Water-Cycle and Allocation Model in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Xin Jiyuan
Published: June 2023

At present, there are still problems, such as uneven regional distribution and low per capita ownership of water resources in the Pearl River Delta, so solving the problem of water resource allocation is still a hot spot that needs continuous attention in the region today. For a long time, many experts and scholars have proposed models such as WEAP (Water Resources Assessment and Planning) and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the current situation of water resource allocation in China, this paper explores and analyzes the applicability of the newly proposed SWAM (SWAM Water-Cycle and Allocation Model) configuration model, compares the previously proposed model, and finally draws conclusions. In this work, the author analyzes the adaptability of SWAM model in the Pearl River Delta region from various aspects and concludes that the SWAM model can effectively alleviate the problems of water resources in the Pearl River Delta region.
A better way to measure light pollution level
Authors: Yan Bin , Bian Mengting , Jiang Jinwen , Liu Zetong , Wang Zixuan , Gao Hanquan
Published: June 2023

"Leading the era of science and technology, advancing with The Times." However, the ever-increasing artificial light sources, while meeting the needs of lighting and decoration, are also causing new sources of environmental pollution because they are being used excessively or improperly. The increasing use of artificial light sources has created a new source of environmental pollution, namely light pollution. We aim to make people more aware of the effects of light pollution and to help solve the problem of measuring the effects of light pollution. We studied the light pollution of glare pollution, light intrusion pollution and light spill pollution, used regression analysis and cluster analysis to build the evaluation model of these three types of light pollution, and established the evaluation index of seven levels of light pollution based on the average distance between groups and the definition of light pollution degree. The evaluation index can be widely used in light pollution assessment in various places, and its evaluation results are of some significance for people to further understand the severity of light pollution nowadays and help the government to monitor and intervene.
AIR pollution traceability based on OK-IGSO integration algorithm
Authors: Cai Wen-da , Bo Cui-Mei , Li Jun , Li Qi-Fang
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the tracing problem of ambient air quality exceeding the standard caused by the unorganized emission of multiple pollution sources in the chemical industry park, an air pollution tracing method based on OK-IGSO integrated algorithm is proposed. First of all, the ordinary Kriging algorithm (OK) of geostatistics is applied to the prediction and interpolation of atmospheric pollutants in the chemical industry park, so that the distribution of pollutants is closer to reality; Then, based on the improved glowworm algorithm (IGSO), a dynamic backtracking method for multiple pollution sources in the chemical industry park is proposed to solve the multimodal function, obtain the optimal solution of this function, and trace the location of the pollution source. Finally, taking the environmental pollution traceability around Xuwei Port Park as an example, the air pollution traceability analysis method of OK-IGSO Chemical Park was tested and verified. The test results proved the progressiveness of IGSO algorithm, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of multiple pollution sources.