bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Choriorétinite cicatricielle bilatérale chez une fille de 05 ans : Séquelles de toxoplasmose congénitale ?
Authors: Tiama JML , Konipo A , Dakouo P , Coulibaly T , Dena T
Published: July 2021

Objectif : Rapporter un cas de toxoplasmose congénitale bilatérale responsable de malvoyance sévère irréversible tout en mettant un accent particulier sur le suivi régulier de la consultation prénatale seul moyen de prévention et de dépistage précoces. Observation : Il s'agissait d'une fille de 05 ans, amenée en consultation par sa mère pour comportement de malvoyance. L'examen ophtalmologique a trouvé une acuité visuelle de 1/10 à l'oeil droit (OD) et compte les doigts (CLD) à 4 m à l'oeil gauche (OG). Les annexes et le segment antérieur étaient sans particularités. Au fond d'oeil, on notait à l'OD 3 foyers choriorétiniens et un grand foyer (OG) ; tous cicatriciels. Les immunoglobulines (Ig) G étaient positives à 25 UI/ml. La choriorétinite toxoplasmique congénitale a été retenue et l'enfant fut adressée au service de basse vision. Conclusion : l'atteinte choriorétinienne est fréquente au cours de la toxoplasmaose congénitale. La localisation bilatérale bien que rare peut être responsable de cécité irréversible. Un suivi correct de la femme enceinte est indispensable pour le dépistage précoce.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Gurami (Osphronemus goramy) Melalui Perendaman Tiroksin (T4)
Authors: Setiadi Ai , Nainggolan Armen , Ediyanto
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek serta dosis optimal hormon tiroksin terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gurami. Ikan uji yang digunakan berasal dari Kota Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Wadah yang digunkan adalah toples yang berbentuk tabung dari bahan polietilene (PE) dengan volume 5 liter. Jumlah padat tebar ikan yang digunakan adalah 5 ekor/l dengan ukuran ikan rata-rata 18 mm, sehingga setiap wadah budidaya di isi sebanyak 20 ekor/wadah. Jenis perlakuan yang digunakan berupa hormon tiroksin dengan perbedaan pemberian dosis pada setiap perlakuan. Perlakuan 1 (D0) sebagai kontrol atau tanpa pemberian hormon tiroksin, perlakuan 2 (D1) dengan dosis 0,25 mg/liter, perlakuan 3 (D2) dengan dosis 0,5 mg/liter dan perlakuan 4 (D3) dengan dosis 0,75 mg/liter, setiap perlakuan mendapat ulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Jenis pakan yang diberikan berupa cacing tubifex dengan 2 waktu pemberian di pagi (07.00) dan sore hari (15.00). Parameter yang diamati adalah sintasan, pertumbuhan (bobot dan panjang), uji proksimat serta kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh pemberian dosis hormon tiroksin terhadap pertumbuhan (panjang dan bobot), sintasan benih ikan gurami terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan 4 (D3), yaitu dengan dosis 0,75 mg/liter dengan nilai pertumbuhan panjang 20,3±1,5 mm, nilai pertumbuhan bobot 5,4±0,2 gr dan kelangsungan hidup 0,88%.
Evaluasi Feeding Management : Substitusi Pakan Alami Oleh Pakan Buatan Dengan Penambahan Probiotik Terhadap Performa Tumbuh Larva Ikan Lele Clarias sp
Authors: Rahmatia Firsty
Published: July 2021

Pembenihan merupakan bagian penting dari kegiatan budidaya ikan karena bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan benih dengan kuantitas dan kualitas yang baik pada saat dibutuhkan. Salah satu komoditas akuakultur yang sangat digemari adalah ikan lele. Benih ikan lele diperoleh dari hasil pemeliharaan larva sampai ukuran benih siap tebar. Pemeliharaan larva merupakan fase kritis karena terkait masalah pakan. Para pembudidaya ikan lele umumnya menjatuhkan pilihan pada cacing sutera yang lebih banyak mengandalkan hasil tangkapan dari alam. Salah satu solusi adalah mengganti (substitusi) cacing sebagai pakan alami dengan pakan buatan yang ditambah probiotik. Perlakuan substitusi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah A=0% (kontrol), B=25%, C=50%, D=75% dan E=100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi pakan alami oleh pakan buatan yang ditambah probiotik memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap performa tumbuh larva Ikan Lele. Parameter yang berpengaruh nyata adalah panjang rataan dan kelangsungan hidup larva. Panjang rataan yang berbeda nyata dengan kontrol ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan B sebesar 2,94 cm, perlakuan C sebesar 2,92 cm, dan D sebesar 2,73 cm. Kelangsungan hidup terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan C yaitu sebesar 94%. Secara keseluruhan kinerja pertumbuhan, perlakuan terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan C (substitusi pakan alami oleh pakan buatan+probiotik 50%).
Kondisi Sumberdaya Ikan & Terumbu Karang di Pulau Maratua, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Syafrie Hendrawan
Published: July 2021

This research aims to obtain describe about the condition of coral reefs and fish around maratua island. Parameter measured to support this research are the percentages of coral cover, abundance of coral fishes, and composition the types of coral fihes. The data field survey was conducted in maratua waters on July 2014. Research sites consisting of 20 station surrounding this island. Result shows that average of coral reefs in reef edge zone in good condition with a coral covered (life coral) 61 % and hard coral composition is 55 % dan soft coral 6 %. The coral reefs covered (stony coral) about 62% in depth 3-6 meters consisting of : 36 % Acropora and 26% non acropora ; and 5% others fauna ; and dead coral abour 22 %. Fish who associated with coral inhabiting waters surrounding maratua island consist of ornamental fish and reef fish consumption, which many found are Pomacentridae, Labridae, Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, and Nemipteridae. Result based on field observtion was found about 33 species with diversity index (H’) average 1.57 (relatively small), Uniformity index (E) average 0.3 (depressed community), and donination Index (C) average 0.42 (low).
Studi Aktivitas Nelayan Kamal Muara Dengan Adanya Reklamasi
Authors: Rahmani Urip
Published: July 2021

Kebijakan reklamasi bagi kota-kota pantai di dunia merupakan keniscayaan. Sebagai contoh, Belanda yang negerinya berada di bawah permukaan laut, reklamasi dilakukan untuk menanggulangi masuknya air laut ke daratan. Contoh lain adalah New York dan Hongkong yang secara bertahap melakukan reklamasi perairan pantainya sehingga menjadi kota yang indah dan menjadi destinasi wisata dunia. Provinsi DKI Jakarta yang merupakan kota pantai, memiliki anggapan sama dimana reklamasi menjadi kemestian yang harus dilakukan, ketimbang wilayah perairan makin tergerus oleh abrasi air laut. Salah satu contoh keberhasilan reklamasi adalah terbangunnya kawasan Ancol Jakarta Utara yang sebelum reklamasi merupakan rawa. Kawasan ini senantiasa tergerus oleh abrasi. PT Pembangunan Jaya yang mendapat tugas tahun 1960 untuk mengembangkan kawasan Ancol, melakukan reklamasi dengan cara menguruk rawa dan memecah ombak dan mesedimentasikan pasir laut dalam sebuah wadah yang disiapkan dipinggir pantai. Perlahan tapi pasti wilayah daratan Ancol berkembang sebagaimana terlihat saat ini, dan menjadi destinasi wisdom dan wisman. Proyek reklamasi pesisir Kota Jakarta dimaksudkan untuk menambah ruang pembangunan Jakarta. Selain itu, reklamasi ini bertujuan untuk mencegah pengikisan daratan Jakarta oleh air laut, serta membangun beberapa fasilitas kota lainnya. Kawasan selatan Jakarta sudah tidak mungkin dikembangkan karena fungsinya sebagai daerah konservasi. Ditambah lagi dengan kondisi wilayah timur dan barat Kota Jakarta yang sudah telanjur padat penduduk karena sejak 1985 pengembangan wilayah Jakarta sudah diarahkan ke timur dan barat. Selain itu reklamasi pantai utara Jakarta juga bertujuan untuk menata kembali kawasan Pantura dengan cara membangun kawasan pantai dan menjadikan Jakarta sebagai kota pantai (waterfront city). Namun demikian dari segi lingkungan hidup dapat dibilang bahwa Reklamasi akan merubah wilayah pesisir Jakarta. Ekosistem bawah laut menerima dampak dari proses reklamasi yang dilakukan. Nelayan harus menempuh jarak lebih jauh untuk mendapatkan ikan. Dampak yang timbul dari proyek reklamasi ini adalah terkait dengan beberapa aspek sosial ekonomi penduduk yang berada di dekat/sekitarkawasan reklamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang dihadapi nelayan serta aktivitas nelayan sebelum dan selama berlangsungnya reklamasi, bagaimana kontribusi yang sebaiknya dilakukan oleh perusahaan yang melakukan reklamasi. Lokasi penelitian di wilayah Kamal Muara.
Korelasi Antara Resistensi Survival Rate dan Body Condition Index (BCI) dengan Stress Suhu Pada Kerang Hijau di Muara Kamal, Jakarta
Authors: Ahmed Yasser , Fabritzek Armin , Zamani Neviaty P. , Von Juterzenka Karen , Lenz Mark
Published: July 2021

Pergerakan organisme dipengaruhi oleh penyebaran alami dan aktivitas manusia.Beberapa spesies yang terbawa, memiliki sebaran yang melebihi distribusi batas normal oleh pengaruh tertentu (vector).Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian pada skala laboratorium untuk melihat survival rate yang terkait dengan body condition index selama diberikan stress suhu yang terkait perubahan iklim dan ini juga dapat dijadikan sebagai simulasi transportasi kapal, sehingga dapat diketahui pergerakan organisme.Distribusi organisme tersebut mempengaruhi kemampuan bertahan hidupselama transportasi.Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan mengekspose grup pra-stress dan grup non stress sebelum masuk ke fase stress dan membandingkan survival rate dan body condition index (BCI) pada organisme tersebut. Organisme yang dipilih adalah Kerang Hijau (P. viridis) dengan menggunakan stress suhu.Pengukuran respon variabel dari organisme tersebut yaitu survival rate dan body condition index (BCI).Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa survival rate dan body condition index memiliki korelasi linier.
Efek Analisis Dampak Pemberlakuan PERMEN No. 71/PERMEN-KP/2016 Terhadap Keberadaan Jaring Arad di Perairan Teluk Jakarta
Authors: Handayani  , Ernaningsih Dwi
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to know the response of fisherman of arad nets towards the enactment of Regulation of Minister of Marine and Fishery Number 71 / PERMEN-KP / 2016, to analyze social, economic, and fishery resources impacts of Fishery Minister's Regulation No. 71 / PERMEN-KP / 2016 for fisherman nets Arad. This study used census method by conducting direct interviews to respondents using arad fishery fishing equipment which is represented by 30 arad fishermen respondents in Jakarta Bay waters (population). The results of this study for respondents who do not agree with the implementation of Candidate KP No. 71 Year 2016 argued that the arad web does not damage the aquatic ecosystem of the Bay of Jakarta, does not have the expertise to operate other fishing equipment other than arad nets, the absence of capital to replace the arad fishing gear, while for the respondents who agree with the enactment of Candidate KP. 71 of 2016 argued that the arad web was damaging the waters ecosystem of the Jakarta Bay so they were willing to switch to using environmentally friendly fishing gear. Social impact for fishermen of arad nets due to the enactment of Candidate of KP. 71 Year 2016 is the potential of social friction with other fishing gear. Impact is economy, fisherman's income arad net that will decrease drastically. The impact of the enactment of Candidate KP No. 71 Year 2016 to the fish resources there is a decrease in catches landed by fishermen nets arad so that fish resources can renew themselves, in addition to the aquatic ecosystem can improve themselves in order to create a well maintained ecosystem of fisheries.
Analisis Ketersediaan Bahan Baku Terhadap Industri Pengolahan Ikan Tuna Di PT. Permata Marindo Jaya, Jakarta
Authors: Gunadi Afif , Rahmani Urip
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis serta bahan baku yang digunakan dalam proses pengolahan tuna di PT Permata Marindo Jaya (PT PMJ) dan menganalisis ketersediaan bahan baku yang terdapat di coldstorage PT Permata Marindo Jaya (PT PMJ). Adapun latar belakang penulisan karya ilmiah ini karena nilai ekspor PT PMJ sangat bergantung pada permintaan pasar yang sering berubah, Oleh karena itu, perusahaan harus selalu memiliki persediaan bahan baku yang diperlukan dalam proses produksi. Dalam mengendalikan ketersediaan bahan baku, PT PMJ masih menggunakan metode manual yang belum optimal dalam menyediakan bahan baku untuk proses industri. Untuk meminimalisir biaya persediaan Economic Order dapat di Quantity”.Metode EOQ berusaha mencapai tingkat persediaan yang seminimum mungkin biaya rendah dan mutu lebih baik. Perencanaan metode EOQ dalam suatu perusahaaan akan mampu meminimalisasi terjadinya out of stock sehingga tidak mengganggu proses dalam perusahaan dan mampu menghemat biaya persediaan yang dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan karena adanya efisisensi persediaan bahan baku di dalam perusahaan yang bersangkutan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah PT PMJ menggunakan jenis bahan baku tuna Big eye dan Yellow fin yang didapat dari PT Charly Wijaya Tuna dan TLC (Tuna Landing Center). Total biaya persediaan dengan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan metode yang digunakan PT. PMJ.
Do rebentar da imagem: ou releitura do epílogo de Uma faca só lâmina (1955) a partir da reavaliação da fortuna crítica cabralina
Authors: Moraes Erick Monteiro
Published: July 2021

Dentre os muitos pontos consensuais da fortuna crítica dedicada à obra de João Cabral de Melo Neto, encontra-se a ideia de que A educação pela pedra (1966) seja um divisor de águas, zênite da carreira do “poeta-engenheiro”. Essa ideia pressupõe que, tal qual o próprio Sol, João Cabral enquanto poeta emergiria da madrugada onírica de Pedra do Sono (1942), até que, acendendo à medida que ascendesse, atingisse o apogeu da clareza e da claridade: o meio-dia de A educação pela pedra. Logo depois, sua obra perderia “algo da contundência solar” (SANTIAGO, 1982, p. 44), seja pelo supostamente menor grau de obsessão arquitetônica em relação ao livro como unidade de sentido, seja pela hipertrofia do “contar de si”, i.e., do veio autobiográfico. Na contramão dessa narrativa, este artigo tenciona, se não descartar inteiramente a teleologia da obra (e sua consequente dicotomia), ao menos destacar suas fissuras. Nesse intuito, busca-se reavaliar “As incertezas do sim” (1982), texto de Silviano Santiago que, inobstante o fôlego curto e o sabor de resenha, pode ser considerado paradigmático não só pelo poder de influência de seu autor no campo da crítica especializada de poesia mas também pela maneira categórica com a qual reproduz o pressuposto teleológico. Em um segundo momento, empreende-se uma revisão do epílogo de Uma faca só lâmina (1955) a fim de ressaltar, justamente em um dos poemas mais representativos da “fase de ascensão”, as marcas que Santiago toma por exclusivas da suposta “fase de ocaso”.
Da voz e da imagem nos telefones de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Borsato Fabiane Renata
Published: July 2021

João Cabral de Melo Neto reitera temas, figuras e ritmos em suas obras poéticas. A figura do telefone adquire plasticidade para transmitir tanto o medo e a morte, quanto a luz, a constância e a inteireza da mulher-cidade, sendo imagem presente em obras diversas do poeta. Este estudo pretende comentar alguns desses poemas que apresentam a figura do telefone para compreender a rede de relações sintáticas, semânticas e rítmicas promovida por Cabral para tecer narrativas do feminino e do onírico.
Ana Cristina Cesar, Paulo Henriques Britto e o legado de João Cabral
Authors: Veras Eduardo Horta Nassif Veras
Published: July 2021

O artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a apropriação crítica do legado de João Cabral de Melo Neto pelas poéticas de Ana Cristina Cesar e Paulo Henriques Britto. A análise recai especialmente sobre os modos de reconfiguração do eu lírico, a concepção de composição e o problema da comunicação nas obras em questão. O reinvestimento no corpo é tomado, finalmente, como elemento privilegiado para se pensar o lugar da subjetitivdade nos dois projetos literários e sua relação com a herança cabralina.
Conservar na palma o peso de uma mão: ritmo, lirismo e memória em João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Ricieri Francine Fernandes Weiss
Published: July 2021

Este artigo propõe, por intermédio de uma leitura cerrada do poema “O Engenheiro”, do livro homônimo de João Cabral de Melo Neto, o reexame de alguns dos conceitos estabelecidos pela recepção crítica ao poeta como relevantes para o pensamento sobre sua poesia. Ao final, uma breve incursão por um segundo poema (“Uma faca só lâmina”) oportuniza o estabelecimentos de algumas reflexões finais.
Impact of Merger on HDFC Bank Financial Performance: A CAMEL Analysis Approach
Authors: Yadav Shweta , Jang Jonghag
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact on financial performance of HDFC Bank before and after the merger and to compare the pre and post-merger effect caused on its financial performance by CAMEL Analysis. The data used in the study is secondary data covering total time period of ten years which include five year prior merger (2003-2008) and five year of post-merger period (2009-2014). The research technique used in this study is CAMEL Analysis. Paired sample T-test has been also conducted to check the statistical significance difference between before and after merger CAMEL ratios and to measure the effect of merger on financial performance. The result showed that the financial performance of HDFC increased after the merger and positively impacted by the act of merger.
Abiotic Stress-Induced Molecular and Physiological Changes and Adaptive Mechanisms in Plants
Authors: Mathivanan Sivaji
Published: July 2021

Abiotic stress is the primary cause of crop loss worldwide, reducing average yields for most major crop plants by more than 50%. Among abiotic stress, drought, salinity, high temperature, and cold are major adverse environmental factors that limit the crop production and productivity by inhibiting the genetic potential of the plant. So, it leads to complete change of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular behavior of the plants and modifies regular metabolism of life, thereby adversely affecting plant productivity. Major effects of the drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and cold stress are often interconnected and form similar cellular damage. To adopt plants with various abiotic stresses, plants can initiate a number of molecular, cellular, and physiological changes in its system. Sensors are molecules that perceive the initial stress signal from the outside of the plant system and initiate a signaling cascade to transmit the signal and activate nuclear transcription factors to induce the expression of specific sets of genes. Understanding this molecular and physiological basis of plant responses produced because of abiotic stress will help in molecular and modern breeding applications toward developing improved stress-tolerant crops. This review presents an overview and implications of physiological and molecular aspects of main abiotic stress, i.e., drought, heat, salt, and cold. Potential strategies to improve abiotic tolerance in crops are discussed.
Prompt and Accurate Diagnosis, A Veritable Tool in Malaria Elimination Efforts
Authors: Michael Egbuche Chukwudi
Published: July 2021

The concept of malaria elimination is to get rid of local transmission of malaria parasites in a defined geographical area. Among the measures required for malaria elimination is prompt and accurate diagnosis. Malaria diagnostic tools currently in use: clinical diagnosis, Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests (mRDT) and molecular diagnosis, have limitations. Clinical diagnosis can be used as first step in making prompt malaria diagnosis, but cannot confirm cases. Malaria RDTs satisfies the need for prompt diagnosis but has low accuracy in confirming cases. Accuracy of microscopy depends on making good blood films, and accurate film interpretation. Molecular diagnosis required for species-specific diagnosis of malaria parasites, and determination of genes that confers drug resistance to Plasmodium species is not available for routine use. As part of elimination efforts, there is development of mRDT kits that utilize urine or saliva instead of blood specimen, microscopy digital image recognition and different technologies for molecular diagnosis. So far, none of these diagnostic tools has satisfied the need for prompt and accurate diagnosis. It is therefore recommended that more than one diagnostic tool is needed for malaria elimination to be achieved in a given area. This will ensure early detection and treatment of cases, as well as prevent the re-establishment of transmission.
Power Quality in Renewable Energy Microgrids Applications with Energy Storage Technologies: Issues, Challenges and Mitigations
Authors: Hernández Mayoral Emmanuel , Dueñas Reyes Efraín , Iracheta Cortez Reynaldo , J. Martínez Hernández Carlos , D. Aguilar Gómez Carlos , R. Jiménez Román Christian , D. Rodríguez Romero Juan , Rodríguez Rivera Omar , F. Mendoza Santos Edwin , Durante Gómez Wilder , I. Barreto Muñoz José
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, the electric power distribution system is undergoing a transformation. The new face of the electrical grid of the future is composed of digital technologies, renewable sources and intelligent grids of distributed generation. As we move towards the electrical grid of the future, microgrids and distributed generation systems become more important, since they are able to unify small-scale and flexible generation to clean energy and intelligent controls. The microgrids play an important role in marking electrical grids more robust in the face of disturbances, increasing their resilience. Although the microgrid concept continues in discussion in technical circles, it can be defined as an aggregation of electrical elements in low generation voltage, storage and loads (users) which are grouped in a certain bounded geographical area. The issues of a microgrid integrated with energy storage technologies has gained increasing interest and popularity worldwide as these technologies provide the reliability and availability that are required for proper operation in the system. Actual studies show that the implementation of energy storage technologies in a microgrid improves transients, capacity, increases instantaneous power and allows the introduction of renewable energy systems. However, there are still certain unsolved problems in power quality terms. This article clearly describes those problems generated by each storage technology foe microgrids applications. All the ideas in this review contribute significantly to the growing effort towards developing a cost-effective and efficient energy storage technology model with a long-life cycle for sustainable implementation in microgrids.
Chromatographic Techniques for Estimation of Aflatoxins in Food Commodities
Authors: Abbas Mateen
Published: July 2021

Aflatoxins, produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus parasiticus, have been documented as one of the major food contaminants throughout the world. Because of their toxic nature, these food contaminants have acknowledged considerable attention in recent years. Among the different types of Aflatoxins, the most prevalent and predominant Aflatoxins are AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1, AFM2 which are considered the more lethal as compared to others. Several analytical and immunological methods are available for testing and estimating aflatoxins in different food commodities. However, chromatographic techniques have been considered superior regarding the estimation of aflatoxins both qualitatively and quantitatively. Chromatographic techniques have numerous applications for the separation and identification of chemical and biological compounds in food industry. It has grown to be the most popular and versatile of all analytical techniques in laboratories used for the analysis of multiple components in different matrices. For preliminary qualitative detection of Aflatoxins, Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is considered the best analytical technique which is being used broadly in food industry. However, liquid chromatographic techniques including High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid chromatography-mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) are the best analytical techniques developed so far for the quantification of Aflatoxins in food commodities.
Orthodontic-Periodontics: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Kishore Shreya , Barai Vanita , Siva Suvetha , Venkatesan Keerthi
Published: July 2021

Periodontal pathogenesis is a multi-factorial process and the orthodontist must recognize the clinical forms of inflammatory periodontal disease. Orthodontics is the most conservative and predictable treatment to improve numerous local etiological factors that contribute to periodontal disease including periodontal breakdown. Proper occlusal function and masticatory function are stimulatory to the gingival tissue and the attachment apparatus, while, conversely, a lack of function predisposes to disease that increases plaque retention and calculus formation along with gingival inflammation leading to increased loss of bony support. No matter how talented the orthodontist, a magnificent orthodontic correction can be destroyed by failure to recognize periodontal susceptibility. Therefore, identifying periodontally susceptible patients is critical for the outcome of the treatment. This chapter will highlight the importance of the short-term and long-term outcomes of orthodontic treatment, which are influenced by the patient’s periodontal status before, during and after active orthodontic therapy.
Protein Kinase Inhibitors - Selectivity or Toxicity?
Authors: Grossman Moran , Adler Elaine
Published: July 2021

Protein kinases are attractive therapeutic targets for various indications including cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. This is due to the fact that they play key roles in the regulation of cell cycle, metabolism, cell adhesion, angiogenesis, regeneration and degeneration. Protein kinase families share a common catalytic core and hence usually display clear sequence and structural similarity. These sequence and structural similarities can lead to a lack of selectivity and off-target toxicity of drug candidates. The lack of selectivity can be beneficial but can also cause adverse toxicities which result in the discontinuation of promising drug candidates. The chapter reviews the challenges and common toxicities of protein kinase inhibitors and the latest advances in in-vitro and in-silico assays to screen for selectivity. The various methods for quantifying selectivity of kinase inhibitors and future directions including emerging more selective and safer kinase inhibitors have also been discussed.
The Grief Elaboration Process in the Pandemic Scenario: A Group Intervention
Authors: Renata Lordello Silvia , Machado da Silva Isabela
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed thousands of victims worldwide. To deal with loss is a formidable challenge for all, especially those who experienced losing their loved ones. The grief elaboration process is complex, and the pandemic adds some specific challenges, such as the restrictions to funerals and farewell rituals or the impossibility of saying goodbye due to the sanitary measures. This chapter presents a group psychological intervention aimed at people who lost their relatives to COVID-19. The therapeutic groups were carried out virtually through six sessions and brought together people from all over Brazil. Narrative therapy was the theoretical model adopted. The participants mentioned the moment of diagnosis as decisive for experiencing the disease’s terminality and anguish, promoting guilt and anxiety in the family. In the group, the participants found space to share the painful experience, and throughout the sessions, they were able to develop coping resources. They mentioned strategies, such as activating the family and social support network, recalling legacies and moments they shared with the deceased, and elaborating farewell rituals adapted to the pandemic circumstances. The participants evaluated the group intervention as very important for reframing the pain of loss and restoring future projects since they counted on the help and inspiration of the other participants who went through this painful experience in similar circumstances.
Quantitative of Mass Transfer in Liquid-Liquid Operations of Oil-Alcohol-Glycerin Systems
Authors: H.L. Silva Benjamim , A.M. Abreu Cesar
Published: July 2021

The effects of mass transfer were quantified for the effective performance of mixtures between partially miscible phases, or for the promotion of their separations. To consolidate the analysis of heterogeneous liquid–liquid processes, variations in the composition of the liquid phases over the evolution of contact operations were considered, detailing the physical mechanisms involved in the mixtures of oil (soy, sunflower) and alcohol (methanol, ethanol), and in the separation between biodiesel and glycerin. Based on experimental evaluations, the average distribution coefficients for triglycerides (oil-alcohol) and glycerol (biodiesel-glycerin) were estimated at 1.31 and 1.46, and 3.42 × 10−2 and 4.06 × 10–2, for soybean and sunflower, respectively, while their mass transfer coefficients, depending on their concentration ranges in the phase, varied in orders of magnitude from 10−2 s−1 to 10–4 s−1. Including the values of the physical parameters, a heterogeneous model for the alkaline transesterification of soybean oil (methanol, ethanol, NaOH, 25°C, 40°C, 60°C, 600 rpm) was validated.
A Probabilistic Approach in Fuselage Damage AnalysisviaBoundary Element Method
Authors: Gomes Gilberto , Oliveira Thiago , Evangelista Jr Francisco
Published: July 2021

This chapter presents a new alternative approach to the analysis of the fatigue life of aircraft fuselage parts considering the compliance of internal elements to replace the classical model of critical crack size. In this case, from a global–local analysis using the boundary element method (BEM), induced stresses at a macro model, and their effects on micro models are evaluated. The BEM enables efficient simulations of the propagation of initial defects to assess the damage tolerance. For this purpose, computational techniques were developed that allowed evaluating these models, through a probabilistic treatment to assess damage tolerance and fatigue life. Finally, this technique is shown as an alternative to ensure the integrity and proper operation of fuselage panels avoiding reaching a Limit State during its projected lifespan.
Transpedicular or Transthoracic Approach: An Outcome Comparison Study on Patients with Neurological Manifestation
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Yaseen Khan Furqan Mohammed , Heshmatifar Mahdi , Besharaty Saied , Farah Mohamoud Mohammed
Published: July 2021

Background: Approach to lower-thoracic spine for discectomy remains controversial. In this study, we compare primary and secondary outcomes of transpedicular (TP) and transthoracic (TT) approach for discectomy at lower thoracic levels in patients with neurological manifestations. Methods: In this retrospective study, 12 patients with TP or TT approach for lower thoracic discectomy with neurological manifestation, mainly foot drop, were included. During TP approach, cord manipulation was kept at minimum. Posterior fusion was performed in all patients. TT approach was performed by intended level thoracotomy, anterio-lateral fusion was achieved in this group. The postoperative primary and secondary outcomes of the approach were compared in these patients. SPSS software version 20 was used for analysis, and a P-value < 0.005 was considered significant. Results: Twelve patients with neurological manifestation were operated using either of the approaches. Six patients in TP group and four in TT group attained complete neurological recovery after 10.2 and 7.6 weeks, respectively. The mean operative time was 50% more in TT approach. Blood loss in TP approach was less than half, and patients were mobilized earlier with decreased hospital stay. All patients with TT approach needed postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission, two of them developed pulmonary complications and postsurgical intercostal neuralgia, and one had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and readmission within 30 days of discharge. Conclusions: Although TT approach offers excellent exposure for discs in lower thoracic levels, it is associated with increased morbidity and higher complication rates. On the other hand, TP approach offers ample exposure with reduced operative time and blood loss, as well as early mobilization and discharge.
Computed Tomography-Guided Cryoablation for Adrenal Metastasis Secondary to Non-small-cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Cheng Jie-Fei , Xu Wen , Liu Pei-Pei
Published: July 2021

Background: Computed tomography (CT)-guided ablation has been used to treat adrenal metastasis (AM). However, the incidence of AM secondary to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been investigated. Objectives: To assess the clinical efficacy of CT-guided cryoablation for treating AM secondary to NSCLC. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was performed among patients with AM secondary to NSCLC, undergoing CT-guided cryoablation in our hospital. The rates of complete ablation, local recurrence, local recurrence-free survival (RFS), systematic RFS, and overall survival (OS) were also analyzed. Results: Thirty-four consecutive patients with AM secondary to NSCLC (16 cases of squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] and 18 cases of adenocarcinoma) underwent cryoablation in our hospital. The primary complete ablation rates were 93.8% and 88.9% in the SCC and adenocarcinoma groups, respectively (P = 1.000). Moderate blood pressure increases were observed in 7/34 (20.6%) patients during cryoablation. The local recurrence of AM was observed in five and three patients in the SCC and adenocarcinoma groups, respectively (P = 0.551). The median local RFS was 22 months in all patients, and there was no significant difference in terms of the local RFS between the SCC and adenocarcinoma groups (38 vs. 17 months) (P = 0.093). The median systematic RFS was 28 months in all patients, and the systematic RFS was significantly longer in the SCC group as compared to the adenocarcinoma group (56 vs. 19 months) (P = 0.001). The median OS was 34 months in all patients; it was significantly higher in the SCC group as compared to the adenocarcinoma group (56 vs. 22 months) (P = 0.009). Conclusion: CT-guided cryoablation can be a safe and effective treatment to control AM secondary to NSCLC.
Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Leishmania major Treated with HESA-A: An Herbal Marine Compound
Authors: Saki Jasem , Saki Khalil , Arjmand Reza
Published: July 2021

Background: The first drug for the treatment of leishmaniasis is pentavalent antimony compounds which have great side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to assess apoptosis induction by HESA-A, an herbal marine compound in Leishmania major promastigotes. Methods: Leishmania major promastigotes were treated with HESA-A in different increasing concentrations ranged 1.625 - 120 µg/mL, and amphotericin B and the phenomenon of apoptosis in the parasite were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation tests. Results: The IC50 value of the compound and amphotericin B at 72 h were estimated at 2.81 µg/mL and 40 µg/mL, respectively. After 72 h of the adjacency of Leishmania major promastigotes with IC50 dose (2.81 µg/mL), the percentage of promastigotes in early and late apoptosis phases in the treated group was 5.4% and 60.4%, respectively. DNA fragmentation of Leishmania major promastigotes treated with 2.81 µg/mL for 72 h was observed. Conclusions: HESA-A, with significant induction of apoptosis in Leishmania major promastigotes, can be plausible in the treatment of cutaneous Leishmaniasis.
The effect of intermittent training with plyometric exercises on aerobic and anaerobic capacities
Authors: Kheiredine Benrabah , Radhouane Bensassi , Silarbi Charef , Mohamed Bennadja , Mohamed Fayçal , Abdelhadi Kacem
Published: July 2021

This study check the effectiveness of the intermittent work as a key method of work of the quality in the quantity by the layout of a plyometric work. The question always remains to find the training methods scientifically validated which lead to improve these qualities. We put forward the hypothesis that the intermittent training by plyometric exercises will improve the football players, aerobic an anaerobic capacities. Twenty football players aged between 18 and 23 years coming from Tissemsilt university team were invited to participate in our study (table1). Our population was spilt up into 2 groups in a random way. An experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The programme was calibrated on 8 weeks and planned as follow: two weeks of intermittent work 10s/20s, four weeks of intermittent work 30s/30s, two weeks of intermittent work 15s/30s. The frequency of these types of training was 2 sessions/week. The footballers did a physical tests: (SJ; CMJ). The (RSA) test, and the Yo-yo test. The tests were again proposed to the footballers: this allowed us to compare the obtained results between the two tests before and after the training. After eight weeks of training, we recorded a development in the experimental sample in the (MAS), vertical jump (CMJ), and (RSA) tests, while we did not record a significant difference in the vertical jump (SJ) test (p<0.05), As with the control sample, the development was limited to (MAS) and (RSA) only. This study shows the effectiveness of the training programme applied to the experimental sample in the post-tests between the two groups, with the exception of the vertical jump test (SJ), where there was no significant difference.
Frontières, visées et spécialisation de la géographie : les habitus disciplinaires dans la Revue canadienne de géographie et les Cahiers de géographie de Québec (1947-1964)
Authors: Pelletier Raphaël
Published: July 2021

Partant du principe que les revues scientifiques constituent un lieu privilégié de formation des normes disciplinaires, cet article propose d’analyser le rapport à la géographie dans deux de ses revues centrales au Québec. L’étude de textes parus dans la Revue canadienne de géographie et dans les Cahiers de géographie de Québec, entre 1947 et 1964, met en relief certains enjeux disciplinaires, contribuant ainsi à l’écrtiure d’une histoire de l’institutionnalisation de la géographie dans les universités québécoises de langue française. L’analyse permet de circonscrire trois registres de rapport à la discipline, à savoir la géographie conçue comme : 1) un complément de culture et un idéal de synthèse; 2) un corpus de savoirs utiles à la société; 3) une discipline « scientifique », vision révélatrice d’une rupture entre géographes de l’ancienne et de la nouvelle génération.
Practising Chemistry in the British Empire: George Christian Hoffmann (1837-1917) and the Geological Survey of Canada
Authors: Rae Ian D. , Maroske Sara
Published: July 2021

George Christian Hoffmann, of German extraction, was born in London. After studying at the Royal School of Mines and working in London as a chemical analyst, he set out on a career that took him to Natal, in south-east Africa, to Melbourne in the Australian colony of Victoria, and to Canada where he had a long career with the Geological Survey, becoming Deputy Director in 1880 and retiring in 1907. In his work with the Geological Survey, he determined the chemical composition and identity of mineral samples collected by and submitted to the Survey, assessing their economic potential.
Pour ou contre habiter une municipalité : discours sur les projets de communautés rurales au Nouveau-Brunswick
Authors: Landry Michelle , Guillemot Julie
Published: July 2021

Au Canada, on associe aux municipalités deux principales fonctions, soit l’administration de services locaux et la gouvernance de la vie collective à l’échelle locale. Au Nouveau-Brunswick, où le tiers de la population habite à l’extérieur des municipalités, les débats et les mobilisations à propos de la municipalisation de territoires se multiplient depuis plus de 10 ans. Il s’agit donc d’un terrain privilégié pour étudier les fonctions attribuées aux municipalités. Nous présentons les résultats d’une analyse du contenu d’entrevues faites auprès d’acteurs impliqués dans de telles démarches. Le discours de ces acteurs, devant peser le pour et le contre de se doter d’un gouvernement local, révèlent la perception des rôles et les fonctions associées aux municipalités et l’importance relative qui y est attribuée, permettant ainsi de mieux comprendre pourquoi certains acteurs se mobilisent pour et d’autres contre la municipalisation de leur localité.
Joan Lluís Vives: Emblemes o escortes de l'ànima
Authors: Blay Meseguer Francesc X.
Published: July 2021

Joan Lluís Vives: Emblemes o escortes de l'ànima
Development and validation of process indicators of the quality of nursing care for the elderly
Authors: Marmo Flavia Aparecida Dias , Gama Zenewton André da Silva , Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Quality indicators are important for service management. However, in primary care, there is a shortage of indicators specifically regarding the elderly population. Objective: To build and validate process indicators of the quality of nursing care for the elderly. Methods: This is a methodological research, and the steps are based on proposals from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The indicators were evaluated according to the criteria of face validity, terminology, necessity, content validity, reliability, viability, utility, and usability. Nine nurses participated in the expert panel, including professionals who provided primary care assistance, researchers in the area of health care for the elderly, and members of Brazilian health-related organizations. The Adequacy Method developed by Research and Development at the University of California Los Angeles was used. Data were analyzed using the median, Content Validity Index, and Kappa. Results: Twenty-two indicators were validated. All measures were considered appropriate, with content validity, and reached an agreement on terminology and necessity. Of the 22 indicators, only four were considered unavailable and impractical to collect. Thirteen indicators were not considered useful for determining the reception of financial incentives. In the assessment of usability to compare public reports, six indicators had relatively low scores. Conclusion: Indicators can contribute to monitoring the quality of care for the elderly, identifying opportunities for improvement in actions performed by nurses in primary care.
CDK1 controls CHMP7-dependent nuclear envelope reformation
Authors: Gatta Alberto T , Olmos Yolanda , Stoten Caroline L , Chen Qu , Rosenthal Peter B , Carlton Jeremy G
Published: July 2021

Through membrane sealing and disassembly of spindle microtubules, the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport-III (ESCRT-III) machinery has emerged as a key player in the regeneration of a sealed nuclear envelope (NE) during mitotic exit, and in the repair of this organelle during interphase rupture. ESCRT-III assembly at the NE occurs transiently during mitotic (M) exit and is initiated when CHMP7, an ER-localised ESCRT-II/ESCRT-III hybrid protein, interacts with the Inner Nuclear Membrane (INM) protein LEM2. Whilst classical nucleocytoplasmic transport mechanisms have been proposed to separate LEM2 and CHMP7 during interphase, it is unclear how CHMP7 assembly is suppressed in mitosis when NE and ER identities are mixed. Here, we use live cell imaging and protein biochemistry to examine the biology of these proteins during M-exit. Firstly, we show that CHMP7 plays an important role in the dissolution of LEM2 clusters that form at the NE during M-exit. Secondly, we show that CDK1 phosphorylates CHMP7 upon M-entry at Ser3 and Ser441 and that this phosphorylation reduces CHMP7’s interaction with LEM2, limiting its assembly during M-phase. We show that spatiotemporal differences in the dephosphorylation of CHMP7 license its assembly at the NE during telophase, but restrict its assembly on the ER at this time. Without CDK1 phosphorylation, CHMP7 undergoes inappropriate assembly in the peripheral ER during M-exit, capturing LEM2 and downstream ESCRT-III components. Lastly, we establish that a microtubule network is dispensable for ESCRT-III assembly at the reforming nuclear envelope. These data identify a key cell-cycle control programme allowing ESCRT-III-dependent nuclear regeneration.
Image3C, a multimodal image-based and label-independent integrative method for single-cell analysis
Authors: Accorsi Alice , Box Andrew C , Peuß Robert , Wood Christopher , Sánchez Alvarado Alejandro , Rohner Nicolas
Published: July 2021

Image-based cell classification has become a common tool to identify phenotypic changes in cell populations. However, this methodology is limited to organisms possessing well-characterized species-specific reagents (e.g., antibodies) that allow cell identification, clustering, and convolutional neural network (CNN) training. In the absence of such reagents, the power of image-based classification has remained mostly off-limits to many research organisms. We have developed an image-based classification methodology we named Image3C (Image-Cytometry Cell Classification) that does not require species-specific reagents nor pre-existing knowledge about the sample. Image3C combines image-based flow cytometry with an unbiased, high-throughput cell clustering pipeline and CNN integration. Image3C exploits intrinsic cellular features and non-species-specific dyes to perform de novo cell composition analysis and detect changes between different conditions. Therefore, Image3C expands the use of image-based analyses of cell population composition to research organisms in which detailed cellular phenotypes are unknown or for which species-specific reagents are not available.
CTP and parS coordinate ParB partition complex dynamics and ParA-ATPase activation for ParABS-mediated DNA partitioning
Authors: Taylor James A , Seol Yeonee , Budhathoki Jagat , Neuman Keir C , Mizuuchi Kiyoshi
Published: July 2021

ParABS partition systems, comprising the centromere-like DNA sequence parS, the parS-binding ParB-CTPase, and the nucleoid-binding ParA-ATPase, ensure faithful segregation of bacterial chromosomes and low-copy-number plasmids. F-plasmid partition complexes containing ParBF and parSF move by generating and following a local concentration gradient of nucleoid-bound ParAF. However, the process through which ParBF activates ParAF-ATPase has not been defined. We studied CTP- and parSF-modulated ParAF–ParBF complex assembly, in which DNA-bound ParAF-ATP dimers are activated for ATP hydrolysis by interacting with two ParBF N-terminal domains. CTP or parSF enhances the ATPase rate without significantly accelerating ParAF–ParBF complex assembly. Together, parSF and CTP accelerate ParAF–ParBF assembly without further significant increase in ATPase rate. Magnetic-tweezers experiments showed that CTP promotes multiple ParBF loading onto parSF-containing DNA, generating condensed partition complex-like assemblies. We propose that ParBF in the partition complex adopts a conformation that enhances ParBF–ParBF and ParAF–ParBF interactions promoting efficient partitioning.