bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual framework for risk-based internal audit. Risk-oriented terminological and visual apparatus
Authors: Kalamanova E.N. , Prodanova N.A.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the conceptual foundations of riskbased internal audit, basic terms and definitions. The topic of the article is relevant given the development of corporate governance practices in Russian companies in accordance with the recommendations of the Corporate Governance Code. The International Framework for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing defines the mission of internal audit as preserving and increasing the value of the organization by conducting objective internal audits based on a risk-based approach, providing advice and sharing knowledge. The material of the article is presented taking into account the current regulatory framework, international auditing standards, the International Foundations for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing, and expert explanations.
The formation essence of the construction work value in the repair and reconstruction projects implementation
Authors: Panteleeva M. S. , Antonov D. A.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the construction work value formation in the for various reproduction forms of capital construction objects. The main emphasis is made on repair and reconstruction projects. In particular, the authors examine in detail the essence and structure of such concepts as "price", "value" and "investments" in the aspect of their application by the investment and construction project main subjects. The authors offer their scheme for visualizing this process. As a result, the authors trace the modification entire chain of "price" category the during the repair and reconstruction projects implementation.
Hanging culture of juveniles of the winged oyster Pteria sterna in two baskets of different design
Authors: Freites Luis , Jara Franklin , Gregori María , Villón Jimmy , Márquez Adrián , Rodríguez Pesantes Daniel , Lodeiros César
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the growth and survival of juveniles of the winged oyster Pteria sterna, culture in two types of baskets manufactured with local materials. These were ‘one floor baskets’ (OFB) and ‘three floor baskets’ (TFB), hung from two ‘long lines’ in two study sites, Ayangue and Palmar, Province of Santa Elena, Ecuador, over a five months experimental culture period. Environmental variables monitored included total particulate matter and its organic and phytoplanktonic fraction (chlorophyll a), temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Individuals showed an initial length, height (dorso-ventral) and thickness (inter-valvar) shell axis of 18.7 ± 0.32; 18.2 ± 0.29 and 7.4 ± 0.18 mm, respectively; and the soft tissue mass, shell mass and total mass were: 1.03 ± 0.04; 0.11 ± 0.005; 1.14 ± 0.04 g, respectively. At the end of the period, biometric and survival parameters were recorded. The individuals cultured in Ayangue using TFB showed increments in shell, soft tissues and total mass that were significantly higher than those from the OFB. Similar results, but with lower increments, were obtained by the individuals cultivated at Palmar site. The ANOVA II showed that the site, type of basket and the interaction between the two had a significant effect on the growth of the oysters. Survival exceeded 80% at both sites and for both basket types, but no significant differences were observed between site and basket type. Considering the growth and survival obtained for both types of baskets, we recommend the TFB baskets for winged oyster cultivation in these regions.
Presuntas hipnosporas de Perkinsus sp. en la almeja Megapitaria squalida del golfo de California
Authors: Góngora Gómez Andrés Martín , Villanueva Fonseca Lizeth Carolina , Arzola González Juan Francisco , Sotelo López Felipa , Hernández Sepúlveda Juan Antonio , García-Ulloa Manuel
Published: December 2021

Se detectaron presuntas hipnosporas de Perkinsus sp. en una población silvestre de la almeja Megapitaria squalida (enero-diciembre 2013) al norte del estado de Sinaloa, México, con la técnica de tinción de tioglicolato (MFTR). Se colectaron 30 almejas cada mes (64.08 ± 4.75 mm altura de la concha y 68.76 ± 14.34 g de peso). Se obtuvieron los parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua (temperatura, salinidad, pH, oxígeno disuelto, profundidad y transparencia). La prueba MFTR detectó células esféricas de color obscuro, indicando la presencia de presuntas hipnosporas de Perkinsus sp. todos los meses de muestreo menos en diciembre. La intensidad de la infección promedio fluctuó de negativa a ligera, mientras que la prevalencia máxima fue de 70% observada en mayo. La carga parasitaria mostró correlación con los indicadores métricos de la almeja. No se obtuvo correlación (p > 0.05) entre la prevalencia del patógeno con todos los parámetros estudiados. Los resultados sugieren que M. squalida es poco susceptible a la infección de Perkinsus sp.
Efecto de dos probióticos comerciales en la ganancia de peso, parámetros hematológicos e histología intestinal del chame Dormitator latifrons
Authors: Bermúdez Medranda Alexandra Elizabeth , Lucas Gabriela , Vilela Marcillo Estefanía , Vélez Chica Juan Carlos , Cruz Quintana Yanis , Mesías Anderson , Vásconez Yanko , Espinoza Mercedes , Piaguage Esperanza , Santana Piñeros Ana María
Published: December 2021

Los  probióticos  en  acuicultura  son  conocidos  por  sus  efectos  benéficos sobre el tracto digestivo y el sistema inmune de los hospederos; sin embargo, muy poco se  conoce  sobre  su  aplicación  en  Dormitator  latifrons,  una  especie  con  gran  potencial acuícola.  En  ese  sentido,  el  objetivo  de  este  estudio  fue  evaluar  el  efecto  de  dos probióticos  comerciales  sobre  la  ganancia  en  peso,  parámetros  sanguíneos  y  cambios histológicos  en  el  tejido  intestinal  del  Dormitator  latifrons.  Se  implementó  un  diseño experimental  aleatorio  conformado  por  un  control  y  dos  tratamientos,  con  tres  réplicas cada uno, y una duración de 22 días. Todos los organismos (n= 45), con un peso inicial promedio de 20,8 ± 7,5 g, fueron alimentados con concentrado comercial para tilapia al 35% de proteína a una tasa del 3% de biomasa. A los tratamientos 1 (T1) y 2 (T2) se les adicionó  probióticos  en  concentraciones  de  2  X  109  UFC/g  y  6  X  109  UFC/g, respectivamente, administrado en el alimento. Se registraron diariamente los parámetros de  calidad  del  agua  (temperatura,  salinidad,  pH  y  oxígeno)  y  se  contabilizaron  los organismos  muertos  en  cada  unidad  experimental.  Al  final  del  experimento,  a  cada organismo se le determinaron los parámetros sanguíneos (hematocrito (%), hemoglobina (g/dL) y conteo diferencial), y cinco peces de cada tratamiento fueron sacrificados para la muestra de tejido intestinal, que fueron fijadas en formalina neutra al 10% para análisis histológicos.  A  pesar  de  no  observarse  diferencias  significativas  entre  los  tratamientos (p>  0,05),  se  observó  una  clara  tendencia  de  que  el  T1  presenta  mejores  resultados  en cuanto  al  crecimiento,  ganancia  en  peso  y  supervivencia  (60%)  y  en  los  parámetros sanguíneos e histológicos respecto al largo de las vellosidades. Aunque son preliminares, los resultados son alentadores en cuanto a las ventajas del uso de probióticos comerciales en chames para mejorar su cultivo.
Editorial: COVID-19: tiempos difíciles para afianzar más el reto de AquaTechnica
Authors: Lodeiros Seijo César
Published: December 2021

Todos conocemos el estado de emergencia que ha desencadenado en el mundo entero la pandemia de COVID-19, ocasionada por el SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). A la fecha de redactarse esta editorial (12 de mayo de 2020) se ha confirmado en todo el planeta el contagio de más de cuatro millones de personas por SARS-CoV-2. Las medidas tomadas por los gobiernos para contener el brote han provocado secuelas sociales y una brusca desaceleración de las economías, particularmente en aquellas emergentes, dependientes y por tanto frágiles, como la de Ecuador, sede de la revista AquaTechnica.
Páginas preliminares del Vol. 2 No. 1
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: December 2021

Responsables de esta edición, tabla de contenido
Editorial del Vol 2, Número 2 Aquatechnica
Authors: Delgado Demera Hipatia
Published: December 2021

Nuestro comportamiento con el ambiente en términos de gasto energético, uso del agua, producción de alimentos y conservación, se encuentra en reorganización para buscar un camino adecuado para mantener sano nuestro habitad en nuestros continentes, y poder vivir en él sostenidamente, pero si no aceleramos y concluimos pronto en exigencias de conservación y producción energética amigable vamos hacia un colapso planetario con severas consecuencias en la humanidad. La solución, indudablemente, pasa por minimizar tal comportamiento con un enfoque ecosistémico con acciones serias y contundentes, en alianza entre gobiernos, industrias, comunidades y la academia, para perseguir un futuro, difícil, pero imperativo de alcanzar, que produzca la menor huella ecológica posible para dejar, a quienes nos debemos (las futuras generaciones), una mejor calidad de vida.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE NUMBER AND CLASS OF VEHICLES ON THE ROUTE
Authors:   Oryol State University, Natalia Sergeevna Kuleva , Kulev Vladimirovich Andrey ,   Oryol State University, Maxim Vladimirovich Kulev ,   Oryol State University, Denis Olegovich Lomakin ,   Oryol State University
Published: December 2021

The issues of the choice of rolling stock for urban passenger transportation are considered.
Physical methods of motor function correction in the acute period of rehabilitation after ischemic stroke
Authors: Kuznetsov A.S. , Bikbaeva Y.Ya. , Kuznetsov I.A. , Skvortsova M.A. , Ananiev S.S. , Pavlov D.A. , Aizatullin I.F. , Yakupov R.N.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the data on the use of percutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation in patients in the acute period of rehabilitation treatment after ischemic stroke. It was revealed that inclusion of percutaneous electrostimulation of the spinal cord into the rehabilitation program improves the quality of motor skills recovery and can be used in the correction of locomotor functions during rehabilitation after ischemic stroke.

Key words: ischemic stroke, percutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation.
Skeletal muscle interaction synergetic effects during a complex acyclic motor action performing
Authors: Moiseev S.A. , Ivanov S.M. , Shamilov R.V. , Dolgova I.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The study showed the sambo wrestlers’ muscle synergies’ spatial-temporal structure, extracted using the PCA method. We considered the individual periods of the "leg grabbing" throw coordination structure. It was revealed the electrical activity of extensive synergies changes depending on registered muscular efforts values, typical for different periods of the performed movement. The synergetic effects of skeletal muscle interaction demonstrate plasticity, manifested in typical patterns of spatial and temporal activation of revealed muscle synergies, which ensures reliable control of motor function in various periods of complex movement coordination performing.

Key words: muscle synergies; synergetic effects; intermuscular coordination; motion control, skeletal muscle.
The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the excitability of the motor neuron pools of the muscles of the lower extremities
Authors: Ananiev S.S. , Pavlov D.A. , Yakupov R.N. , Golodnova V.A. , Balykin M.V.
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted on 22 healthy men aged 18-23 years. The primary motor cortex innervating the lower limb was stimulated with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Using transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord, evoked motor responses of the muscles of the lower extremities were initiated when electrodes were applied cutaneous between the spinous processes in the Th11-Th12 projection. Research protocol: Determination of the thresholds of BMO of the muscles of the lower extremities during TESCS; determination of the BMO threshold of the TA muscle in TMS; determination of the thresholds of the BMO of the muscles of the lower extremities during TESCS against the background of 80% and 90% TMS. It was found that magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex of the brain leads to an increase in the excitability of the neural structures of the lumbar thickening of the spinal cord and an improvement in neuromuscular interactions.

Key words: transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord, neural networks, excitability, neuromuscular interactions.
Neurophysiological status of adolescents, electronic passports and the development of health-saving technologies in the mountains of Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Dzhunusova G.S. , Sataeva N.U. , Ibraimov S.B.
Published: December 2021

The studies were carried out on adolescents-mountaineers living in high-mountainous areas (2800 m above sea level, in Naryn, Osh, Issyk-Kul regions, 260 people). The markers of the functional activity of the brain were revealed, which characterize maladjustment functional changes on the EEG. Information databases of EEG parameters of adolescents living at an altitude of 2800 m have been created with the identification of the peculiarities of regional EEG standards, "electronic passports of the functional state of health" of adolescents were developed. The systemic and intersystemic restructuring of the body was identified, allowing to distinguish groups of persons with an unstable functional state, exposed to stressful environmental influences.

Key words: hypoxia, adolescents, central nervous system, EEG.
The effect of medicinal electroapplication of the biologically active agent "Pelamine" from the ELAV-8 device on microcirculation in the rabbit ear
Authors: Inyushkina E.M. , Vorobiev D.V. , Inyushkin A.N.
Published: December 2021

The study was the first to study the effect of pulsed electric currents from the ELAV–8 device and the biologically active substance "Pelamine" on microcirculation in the rabbit ear.

It was found that pulsed currents from the ELAV-8 device with a frequency of 100 Hz, as well as the biologically active agent "Pelamine" injected into the rabbit's paravertebral region by means of pulsed currents, have a vasodilatory effect on the vascular bed of the rabbit's ear. At the same time, transdermal administration of the biologically active agent "Pelamine" with the help of currents from the ELAV-8 device has a more prolonged effect on vasodilation.

Key words: Microcirculation, rabbit ear, paravertebral region, vascular diameter, "Pelamine", ELAV-8 device.
Залучення молоді до розвитку громадянського суспільства: тренінговий посібник
Authors: Палагнюк Ю. В. , Лушагіна Т. В. , Акімова Т. Ю. , Костєва Т. Б. , Соловйова А. С. , Файчук О. Л. , Сай Д. В. , Сай Л. Ю. , Малиновська Н. Л. , Чубук Р. В.
Published: December 2021

Тренінговий посібник є складовою частиною виконання науково-дослідної теми молодих науковців «Формування концептуальних засад залучення патріотично активної молоді до розвитку громадянського суспільства як чинник соціальної безпеки України», яка здійснюється в Чорноморському національному університеті імені Петра Могили за тематичним планом Міністерства освіти і науки України. Авторами відповідних розділів є науковці декількох суміжних галузей наук, таких як: політологія, державне управління, соціальна робота, історія та педагогіка. Тренінговий посібник розрахований на викладачів та студентів закладів вищої освіти і вчителів закладів загальної середньої освіти, тренерів, публічних службовців, членів громадських та молодіжних організацій, а також всіх тих, хто цікавиться тематикою посібника.
Samed Behrengi’nin Sevgi Masalı, Bir Şeftali Bin Şeftali ve Kel Güvercinci Adlı Öykülerinin Kök Değerler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: CALP Mehrali , KAPLAN Cezmi
Published: December 2021

Eğitim ve öğretim çalışmalarının bilgi kazandırmak, meslek edindirmek gibi amaçlarının yanında olumlu davranış ve değer kazandırma gibi amaçları da bulunmaktadır. Toplumun geleceğini yakından ilgilendiren millî ve evrensel değerlerin yetişen kuşaklara kazandırılması ve onlar tarafından özümsenmesi önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Samed Behrengi’nin “Sevgi Masalı”, “Bir Şeftali Bin Şeftali” ve “Kel Güvercinci” öykülerini 2019 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı’nda yer alan on kök değer (adalet, sevgi, dostluk, dürüstlük, öz denetim, sabır, saygı, sorumluluk, vatanseverlik, yardımseverlik) açısından incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, veri toplama aracı olarak doküman incelemesi tekniğine başvurulmuştur. Öykülerde bulunan değerler sınıflandırılmış ve sıklık analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada “Bir Şeftali Bin Şeftali” adlı öyküde sevgi, sabır, adalet, dostluk, yardımseverlik, sorumluluk; “Sevgi Masalı”nda adalet, dürüstlük, sevgi, sorumluluk, sabır; “Kel Güvercinci” de ise sevgi, adalet, yardımseverlik, sorumluluk, dürüstlük değerlerine yer verildiği ve bu öykülerin, kök değerlerin aktarımında yararlı bir eğitim aracı olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Reasons behind Child Labor in Bangladesh: Case & Policy Analysis
Authors: Sharmin Tasnuva , Nawor Nashiba
Published: December 2021

Bangladesh's socioeconomic realities include the problem of child labor. This is a huge problem that cannot be overlooked. In this study, I looked at the elements that contribute to child labor in Bangladesh. Poverty is the primary cause of children working as child laborers. The issue of child labor has become one of the most prominent challenges in developing countries. To put an end to this, societies and governments must act together. The government, in particular, must ensure that citizens' basic rights are protected. Following that, the implementation of child labor legislation and a social boycott of child work would be an effective remedy.
Effects of Cereal-Legume Intercropping and Mulching on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Productivity in Dry Season using Drip Irrigation in South-Sudanian Climatic Zone of Burkina Faso
Authors: Millogo Vinsoun , Kéré Michel , Sanfo Ouda , Amoussou Toundji Olivier , Harrigan Timothy , Burdick Robert , Srivastava Ajit
Published: December 2021

The availability and sustainability of water in rural areas are significant challenges facing agricultural producers in the Sahelian zones. Maize-legume intercropping with a mulch cover for water conservation with drip irrigation is a promising production practice for conserving water, increasing productivity and improving soil health. A randomized complete block trial with 04 replications and 08 treatments was established in Sonsongona (11.2522°N, 4.4559°W), a village located west of Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Means separation by analysis of variance (ANOVA) was with RStudio 1.2.1335 software at the 5% threshold according to the Newman-Keuls test. The mulched treatments significantly affect soil moisture, maize growth, weed growth, and important maize yield attributes.
Towards Participatory Governance in Overcoming Climate Change: A Study of Stakeholders’ Participation in Forest Governance in Indonesia
Authors: Marta Auradian
Published: December 2021

One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) objectives is to overcome climate change by preventing deforestation and forest degradation. Indonesia is a country with a high rate of deforestation and forest degradation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze stakeholders’ participation in addressing deforestation and forest degradation in transforming forest governance in Indonesia to achieve SDGs. This study applies a qualitative approach, and the data are collected through interviews and examination of documents. The collected data are analyzed by interactive models and theories relevant to the study. The findings of this study indicate that there has been a change in forest governance in Indonesia from top-down into bottom-up forest governance, prioritizing the principles of participatory governance. Indonesia's current forest governance system has involved multi-stakeholders in achieving transparent, accountable, and constitutional forest governance, favouring public interest. Furthermore, local, national, and international Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) also play a role and synergize with the government, private sector, community, and indigenous peoples to encourage improvements in forest governance in Indonesia. Finally, the business community plays a role in sustainable forest management to maintain forest resources and ecosystems. It can be concluded that forest management in Indonesia has led to participatory governance by involving stakeholders, leading to a distribution of roles, authorities, and responsibilities in forest governance in Indonesia.
Public Policy Failure: A Study of Home Industry Food Production Certification Policy
Authors: Koeswara Hendri , Aromatica Desna , Yulivestra Malse , Kabullah Muhammad Ichsan , Liesmana Roza
Published: December 2021

There is an increasing concentration of Public Administration scientists on measuring whether policy succeeds or fails. It is no longer clear how best to ensure that the policy process from formulation to policy implementation is the best and more effective way. Including in the Home Industry Food, Production Certificate Policy (SPP-IRT) is taken as a locus. Study of the Home Industry of Ground Coffee in Nagari Koto Tuo, Tanah Datar Regency. The policy on offering SPP-IRT has undergone several changes, but it will not be effective. It will fail to provide quality assurance and food safety.  the increase in IRTPs who have certificates does not increase. The research method used in this study uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The results showed that providing Food Home Industry Certification (IRTP) with the case in the provision of IRTP Coffee Powder certificates in Nagari Koto Tuo showed that the policy failures included tolerable policy criteria. Modest loss when it happens does not fundamentally hold back the goals the proponents want to achieve, and the minor opposition and criticism that occurs is almost non-existent in this SPP-IRT-related policy.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL MALADAPTATION IN WOMEN WITH DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS OF DIFFERENT GENESIS, DEPENDING ON SEVERITY OF FACTORS OF MESO- AND MICRO-SOCIAL INFLUENCE
Authors: Isakov R. I.
Published: December 2021

To conduct a structural analysis of socio-psychological maladaptation in women with depressive disorders of different genesis depending on the severity of meso- and microsocial influences, to develop personalized psychosocial rehabilitation measures for this group of patients, 252 women were examined and diagnosed with depressive 94 with depressive disorder of psychogenic genesis, 83 women with endogenous depression and 75 patients with depressive disorder of organic genesis. Patients were divided into groups depending on the genesis of depressive disorder and the presence and severity of problems in psychosocial functioning. The study was conducted using clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. The study confirmed the previous hypothesis about the association of the manifestations of socio-psychological maladaptation as a structural component of depression, depending on the vulnerability to meso- and microsocial stress-inducing factors, with any genesis of depressive disorder. There is a tendency to increase the signs of maladaptation, self-rejection, rejection of other emotional discomfort, external control, and information, and decrease signs of adaptability, truthfulness, self-acceptance, acceptance of others, emotional comfort, internal control, dominance with increasing load as meso- and and microsocial factors. The most pronounced differences in the indicators of socio-psychological maladaptation were found in people with microsocial problems, less pronounced - in mesosocial maladaptation. The identified patterns should be taken into account in the development of treatment and rehabilitation and preventive measures for depressive disorders in women.
Keywords: depressive disorders, women, socio-psychological adaptation, mesosocial maladaptation, microsocial maladaptation.
Analysis of the productivity of the copra sector in the municipality of Comalcalco, Tabasco for the design of a development proposal
Authors: MONTEJO-ZAMUDIO Manuela de Jesús , MOREJÓN-SÁNCHEZ Juana Maria , JAVIER-GERÓNIMO Zinath , PAYRÓ-GARCÍA Genesis
Published: December 2021

Productivity is very important in any economic sector of any country, since it is fundamental within an organization, the higher productivity, the greater the probability that an organization will grow economically over time, therefore, it will be able to remain stable and survive to any situation, change or circumstance within it. This research seeks to analyze the productivity of the copper sector, through applied research, in the municipality of Comalcalco, Tabasco in the city of Villahermosa. In which a correlational, descriptive and field research methodology is used. The productivity of the copper sector is analyzed considering the relationship with the variables of the environmental, cultural, economic, political, social and technological context. Considering the behavior of the research variables in the different international, national and local contexts, the appropriate formats are designed to be able to collect information the TIEP (Comprehensive Productivity Evaluation Technique) which serves as a basis to know the current situation of said sector and to be able to determine the opportunities for improvement through the contribution of a development proposal which helps to increase productivity and allows the improvement of the retail sector and can be competitive.
Systematic review: systematization of information in accreditation processes for academic programs
Authors: RIVERA-GUTIÉRREZ Erika , HIGUERA-ZIMBRÓN Alejandro
Published: December 2021

The research was designed to help resolve the absence of the systematization of information in the accreditation processes for academic programs in higher education institutions. In order to facilitate academic programs that are going to undergo evaluation processes to satisfy with the criteria, guidelines, and quality standards established by higher education accreditation organizations. A qualitative methodology was determined with a non-experimental design and a descriptive approach, through a review of scientific literature, empirical references, supported by the systematic review method; a procedure was established to support the existence of the research problem by applying the Cochrane Manual of systematic reviews. It was proposed to develop a systematic review of the systematization of information in the accreditation processes for academic programs. Finally, a series of conclusions were presented.
Waterproofing systems for roof protection in homes
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-URIBE Juan Carlos , SERRANO-ARELLANO Juan , VELÁZQUEZ-LUCHO Karla María
Published: December 2021

Based on the impact of climate changes, our concern arises in this scenario and the entire building is exposed to different climatic agents such as the rain itself, which can negatively impact the overall performance of the construction. Waterproofing is an essential requirement for buildings for residential, commercial and industrial use. Aspects such as the geometry and the materials with which the structural roof systems (slabs) were obtained play a fundamental role when choosing the most effective waterproofing system to incorporate into the building. Therefore, our main approach is to list the various waterproofing systems most used today for the protection of housing roofs since a knowledge of these systems will trigger a correct procedure, control and care in waterproofing, which results in a conservation of the building.
Operatoria dental y endodoncia: técnicas y materiales. Blanqueamiento de dientes no vitales.
Authors: Herrera Martínez Manuela , Ábalos Labruzzi Camilo Manuel , Cordero Bulnes María del Águila , Bonilla Represa María Victoria
Published: December 2021

Se describirá la técnica y los requisitos previos para la realización de un blanqueamiento interno o blanqueamiento de dientes no vitales que han sufrido una decoloración, bien como consecuencia de procesos pulpo-periapicales o bien por tratamientos de conductos previos que alteran el color inicial dichos dientes.

Los altos requerimientos estéticos de la sociedad actual, ha hecho que se desarrollen tratamiento para la corrección o mejora del color de los dientes, ya sean ocasionados por problemas locales y que afectan a un solo diente o una zona del mismos o bien a la dentición en general. Los tratamientos de blanqueamiento tanto internos como externos son una herramienta útil, y poco agresiva para conseguir dicha mejora estética con un escaso coste en tejido dental.
Operatoria dental y endodoncia: técnicas y materiales. Blanqueamiento de dientes vitales.
Authors: Ábalos Labruzzi Camilo Manuel , Herrera Martínez Manuela , Barrera Mora José María , Bonilla Represa María Victoria
Published: December 2021

Se desarrollará el proceso de fabricación de una férula de blanqueamiento desde la toma de impresión con alginato hasta la fase de prueba y entrega al paciente, pasando por la adaptación de la plancha en la máquina de vacío y el recortado y pulido de la férula.

Los altos requerimientos estéticos de la sociedad actual, ha hecho que se desarrollen tratamiento para la corrección o mejora del color de los dientes, ya sean ocasionados por problemas locales y que afectan a un solo diente o una zona del mismos o bien a la dentición en general. Los tratamientos de blanqueamiento tanto internos como externos son una herramienta útil, y poco agresiva para conseguir dicha mejora estética con un escaso coste en tejido dental.
Die ADHS der Sonderpädagogik. Zur diskursiven Konstruktion des ,Nicht_Normalen‘ auf der Ebene disziplinärer Wissensbestände
Authors: Haas Benjamin
Published: December 2021

In der vorliegenden Studie wird untersucht, wie das Phänomen ADHS auf der Ebene sonderpädagogischer Wissensbestände als eine Kategorie ‚nicht_normalen’ Verhaltens konstruiert wird. Dazu wird einem kulturwissenschaftlich inspirierten Verständnis von Behinderung gefolgt, das auf Wissensformierungen des sonderpädagogischen Feldes übertragen wird. Die Arbeit ist deshalb auf dem Gebiet der Dis_ability Studies in Education verortet und es werden ausgehend von einer normalismus- und machtkritischen Orientierung 74 sonderpädagogische Fachartikel zum Thema ADHS aus den Jahren 2000-2015 mit einem diskurstheoretischen Zugang analysiert. Durch die Befunde lässt sich nicht nur zeigen, auf welche Weise die Konstruktion des Gegenstands ADHS in der diskursiven Praxis erfolgt. Vielmehr noch wird nachgezeichnet, wie die Grenze zwischen ‚normalen’ und ‚nicht_normalen’ Verhaltensweisen gezogen wird, welche Angebote die als ‚nicht_normal’ markierten Schüler_innen zur Re-integration in die Normalzone erhalten und mit welchen Adressierungen diese Beschäftigung einhergeht. Da sich das ‚Normale‘ hierbei in mehrfacher Hinsicht als Zwangsprinzip entpuppt, ist auf die Notwendigkeit einer veränderten disziplinären Wissensproduktion im sonderpädagogischen Feld verwiesen.
SEISMICITY of NORTHERN EURASIA in 2015
Authors: Malovichko A. , Petrova N. , Gabsatarova I. , Mikhailova R. , Levina V. , Starovoit O. , Kurova A.
Published: December 2021

The review of the Northern Eurasia seismicity for 2015 includes a description of seismic networks, the results of analysis of the seismic regime and individual noticeable earthquakes in 16 regions of Russia and neighbouring countries. Seismic monitoring was carried out by the networks of seismic station of Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, including 599 digital, 7 analogue stations and eight seismic groups. In 2015, these networks registered about 27 thousand tectonic earthquakes, over 6 thousand volcanic earthquakes, 599 explosions, 23 mountain-tectonic shocks and induced earthquakes. Focal mechanisms of 592 earthquakes were determined, the information on manifestations of 449 perceptible earthquakes was collected. 26 shocks were felt in settlements of Northern Eurasia with an intensity Ii≥5. According to estimates of the annual number and released seismic energy in 2015 in comparison with the long-term characteristics of the seismic regime, the seismic process in most regions of Northern Eurasia proceeded in the “background” regime. An exception is Tajikistan and adjacent territories, where two strong earthquakes occurred – the Hindu Kush earthquake on October 26 with Mw=7.5, h=230 km in northern Afghanistan, near the border with Tajikistan, and the Sarez earthquake on December 7 with Mw=7.2, Ms=7.6, h=20 km in Tajikistan. Both earthquakes were accompanied by numerous aftershocks and were felt in Tajikistan with intensities Imax=7 and Imax=7–8 respectively, on the MSK-64 scale. Notable event on the territory of Northern Eurasia in 2015 is the emergence of the Muyakan sequence of earthquakes, the largest for the period of instrumental observations in the region "Baikal and Transbaikalia", as a result of which the number of recorded earthquakes in the region quadrupled concerning 2014. The other interesting fact is occurrence of tangible earthquakes in the regions, traditionally considered weakly seismic – near the Semipalatinsk test area in Eastern Kazakhstan (Chingiz earthquake on January 20, Ms=4.1, I0=5–6), in the Middle Urals (Middle Ural earthquake on October 18 with ML=4.7, I0=6) and in the southwest of East -European platform (Poltava earthquake on February 3 with KR=10.7, I0=6).
SEISMICITY of the RUSSIAN PART of EAST EUROPEAN PLATFORM and ADJACENT TERRITORIES in 2015
Authors: Gabsatarova I. , Assinovskaya B. , Baranov S. , Karpinsky V. , Konechnaya Ya. , Munirova L. , Nadezhka L. , Nikulin V. , Noskova N. , Petrov S. , Pivovarov S. , Sanina I.
Published: December 2021

It is reported that 41 stationary seismic stations, 2 arrays, and 7 temporary seismic stations, located in the area of Novovoronezh and Kursk nuclear stations, monitored seismicity of the Russian territory of the East European Platform (EEP) in 2015. The registration capabilities of the seismic network at the EEP as
a whole were estimated based on the average station noise level and the equation for the energy decay of seismic phases. Zones with the best capabilities have been allocated. A feature of seismicity in 2015 is the manifestation of earthquakes of moderate magnitudes (ML=2.7–3.9) in the peripheral regions (in the southwest, west, and northwest) and in zones associated with paleorift structures: in the southwest – with the Dnieper Donetsk and in the northeast – with the Kirov-Kazhim and Soligalich (Central Russian) aulacogenes. The results of the macroseismic survey are given for the earthquake in Poltava on February 2, 2015, with M=3.7; focal mechanisms of two earthquakes (03.02.2015 and 12.06.2015) are constructed. According to the data of the Latvian Center, an earthquake was recorded in the region of Lithuania bordering the Kaliningrad region. Weaker natural seismicity with ML≤2.5 was recorded in Karelia and the regions bordering with Finland, near the Kandalaksha Bay, near the Khibiny, and Lovozersky massifs on the Kola Peninsula, and on the territory of the Voronezh crystalline massif.
SEISMICITY of the URALS and WESTERN SIBERIA in 2015
Authors: Malovichko A. , Dyagilev R. , Verkholantsev F. , Golubeva I. , Zlobina T.
Published: December 2021

The article summarizes information about seismic network in the Urals and Western Siberia region, describes processing technique, presents a short analysis of the seismic activity in 2015. Seismic network capability is shown for the whole territory under control. It was found that about 82 % of registered events are explosions in mines and open pits, 37 events are natural or induced ones. For the strongest induced events, variants of source parameters obtained by different agencies are shown. The strongest tectonic event in 2015 and for the last century (after 1914) is the Middle Ural earthquake with ML=4.7, I0=6 that occurred on October 18, 2015.
Pengaruh Klasifikasi Kelas Situs Menurut SNI 1726-2019 Terhadap Keruntuhan Progresif pada Struktur Gedung Tidak Beraturan
Authors: Siregar Raja Syarif , Djauhari Zulfikar , Ridwan
Published: December 2021

Seiring perkembangan teknologi konstruksi gedung, pembangunan gedung bertingkat dengan struktur tidak beraturan semakin bertambah demi memenuhi aspek estetika gedung maupun akibat keterbatasan lahan. Bentuk struktur tidak beraturan ini berpengaruh terhadap keruntuhan progresif gedung. Selain aspek desain, pada perencanaan gedung beban gempa harus direncanakan dengan peraturan baru yang berlaku yaitu SNI 1726-2019. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi pada SNI 1726-2019 adalah klasifikasi kelas situs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh klasifikasi kelas situs terhadap keruntuhan progresif struktur gedung tidak beraturan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis elemen struktur berupa kolom dan balok sebelum dan sesudah menghilangkan salah satu kolom struktur berpedoman pada General Services Administration (GSA) dengan beban gempa yang bekerja beban gempa statik ekivalen pada keempat klasifikasi kelas situs yaitu SB (Batuan), SC (Tanah keras), SD (Tanah sedang) dan SE (Tanah lunak). Pemeriksaan kekuatan struktur menggunakan perangkat lunak berbasis elemen hingga untuk mengetahui nilai Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR), Bending Moment Ratio (BMR) dan Robustness Indicator (R). Struktur dikatakan mengalami keruntuhan progresif apabila nilai DCR > 1,5. Dari hasil analisis diketahui nilai DCR dari kelas situs SB ke kelas situs SE mengalami kenaikan sedangkan nilai BMR mengalami penurunan. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa keruntuhan progresif tidak terjadi pada keempat kasus kegagalan kolom dan perbedaan kelas situs terhadap gaya aksial dan momen, namun terjadi terhadap gaya geser. Nilai Robustness Indicator (R) yang didapat mendekati sama dengan satu (R≈1), nilai tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa penyaluran beban berjalan dengan normal.
INTELLIGENT FAULT MONITORING SYSTEM OF NEW ENERGY TRACTOR ENGINE FOR BIG DATA
Authors: Qi Beibei
Published: December 2021

Tractor engine has complex working environment and many parts. In the process of use, with the increase of service mileage and working hours, parts will wear to a certain extent, resulting in some engine failures. Using modern fault diagnosis technology to know the working performance of tractor engine in time, and to judge whether each component is in or will be in any fault state, is of great importance and practical significance for the research of fault diagnosis technology theory and diagnosis system of tractor engine. Taking the engine of new energy tractor as the research object, the principle and monitoring method of engine intelligent fault diagnosis are introduced. Then, based on big data and neural network technology, the engine intelligent fault monitoring system of new energy tractor for big data is designed. The fault diagnosis system of tractor engine based on artificial intelligence and big data technology realizes the functions of database and signal analysis, which improves the real-time and accuracy of the system.
A new combination of Hankel and sparsity-promoting dynamic mode decompositions and its application to the prediction of plasma turbulence
Authors: Kusaba Akira , Kuboyama Tetsuji , Shin Kilho , Sasaki Makoto , Inagaki Shigeru
Published: December 2021

A new combined use of dynamic mode decomposition algorithms is proposed, which is suitable for the analysis of spatiotemporal data from experiments with few observation points, unlike computational fluid dynamics with many observation points. The method was applied to our data from a plasma turbulence experiment. As a result, we succeeded in constructing a quite accurate model for our training data and it made progress in predictive performance as well. In addition, modal patterns from the longer-term analysis help to understand the underlying mechanism more clearly, which is demonstrated in the case of plasma streamer structure. This method is expected to be a powerful tool for the data-driven construction of a reduced-order model and a predictor in plasma turbulence research and also any nonlinear dynamics researches of other applied physics fields.
Considerations on the kinetic correlation between SiC nitridation and etching at the 4H-SiC(0001)/SiO2 interface in N2 and N2/H2 annealing
Authors: Yang Tianlin , Kita Koji
Published: December 2021

The kinetics of the SiC surface nitridation process of high-temperature N2 annealing was investigated with a 4H-SiC(0001)/SiO2 structure based on the correlation between the rates of N incorporation and SiC consumption induced by SiC etching. During the early stage of the annealing process, the rate-limiting step for N incorporation would be the removal of the topmost C atoms in the slow-etching case, while it would be another reaction step, probably the activation process of N, in the fast-etching case. The SiO2 layer thickness and the annealing ambient gas, which serve as the parameters affecting the SiC etching rate, would determine the N incorporation rate according to the kinetic correlation between the N incorporation and SiC etching. The SiC consumption observed during high-temperature annealing in N2 and N2/H2 atmospheres would be induced by active oxidation by residual O2 or H2O in the ambient gas, which would lead to SiC surface roughening.
Prediction of cutting temperature in carbide cutting tool using finite element method
Authors: OZAKPOLOR Mercy , ALİYEGBENOMA Cyril , OLODU Dıckson Davıd
Published: December 2021

This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the finite element method in predicting the cutting temperature in carbide inserted cutting tool. A three-factor Box-Behnken design, making seventeen cutting tests of a cylindrical mild steel bar with 200 mm length by von mises diameter was employed to study the numerical and the experimental predictions. The data obtained from the tool tests was compared and statistically analyzed using the reliability plots. On comparison, both the experimental and finite element method (FEM) analysis by ANSYS® readings were in close agreements, with the minimum and maximum error of 0.010% and 0.895%, respectively. In conclusion, the research clearly shows that ANSYS® is a very efficient expert tool for modeling and predicting the cutting temperature of carbide insert cutting tool in dry turning operation using mild steel.
Optimization of weight and elastic properties for unidirectional glass fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Al-Hamzawi Mortda Mohammed Sahib , Szávai Szabolcs
Published: December 2021

Glass fibers reinforcing composites (GFRC) are the most common industrial materials due to their low weight and superior strength. Microstructure modeling provides a practical approach for predicting the behavior of the composite based on the constituent's property. The weight and mechanical properties of composite materials play a significant role in various applications such as aviation, marines, and vehicles industries. In this study, a microstructure model of (GFRC) is developed for a multi-objective optimization problem involving trade-offs between weight minimizing and material stiffness-enhancing. A finite element model of a representative volume element (RVE) of a material's microstructure is used to predict the elastic properties of the fiber and the matrix composites. Composite properties such as elasticity and density can be obtained directly from the RVE and extrapolated to a larger scale. The representative volume element (RVE) is generated by using commercial software (Abaqus); then, the non-GUI mode is called by Isight Software to solve multi-objective optimization by using Archive based Micro Genetic (AMGA) Algorithm to obtain optimum design of composite RVE.
Analysis of tilting table with parallel kinematics
Authors: Tüske István , Hegedűs György
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with the investigation of a workpiece moving unit with parallel kinematics. The subject of the study is the choice of the positions, installation location of actuator of the workpiece moving unit, table, how it affects the operation of the structure. This study is extremely important because the position of the actuators determines the functionality of the structure, i.e., we can predefine the position of the actuators so that the system can perform the desired movements. The possible installation locations of the actuators will be determined using combinatorics. Screw theory will be used to calculate the degree of freedom of the mechanism.
Designing a new type of drive unit for the analysis of small plastic gears
Authors: Marada Imre , Bihari János
Published: December 2021

When testing small plastic gears, the accuracy is always a problem. These gears are typically designed to perform their function with certainty, while other operating factors, such as noise, efficiency, and the similar factors play a marginal role in design or are not even considered (VDI 2731, 2009). However, when designing such gears, the designer is forced to face the limitations of known and recognized standards, guidelines, and methods, as well as the special characteristics of the installation environment. The problems arising from these can be explored mainly through experiments. Experiments with gears can be costly in this case because they often require at least two orders of magnitude more accurate measuring instruments than we have been accustomed to with normal-sized gears, and obviously appropriate equipment is required. In many cases, the use of drive units described in this article is a good solution to the problem of costly equipment. These drive units can contain gears of a given wheelbase, and their output and input shafts have the same external dimensions. This simplifies the problems of the equipment and makes the effects of the errors well comparable. This article describes the purposes and how we have used this type of drive units at the Institute of Machine and Product Design so far, what limitations they have, and what solutions can be used to develop these drive units to be able to perform more accurate tests.
Visual programming environments for digital signal processors
Authors: Varga Attila Károly
Published: December 2021

The first step in implementing digital signal processor (DSP) applications is to test the functional operation of the algorithm. Once we are convinced that it fully fulfills the required task, the second step, implementation, can follow. In the vast majority of cases, this is done in a high-level C / C ++ language. We are not yet optimizing at this stage of development. If the code works completely flawlessly and runs at the right speed, no further refinement is needed, we’re done with the development. We have several tools at our disposal for developing programs running on DSP. This software package is based on the C / C ++ language, with numerous pre-written routing collections and optimization options to support development work. However, there are development tools that can be used more easily and most quickly. Some of these tools will be discussed in this publication.