bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imaging through deep turbulence using single-shot digital holography data
Authors: Radosevich Cameron J. , Pellizzari Casey J. , Horst Samuel , Spencer Mark F.
Published: June 2020

This paper uses an experimental setup consisting of phase plates and a digital-holography receiver to validate the performance of an algorithm, referred to as multi-plane iterative reconstruction (MIR), for imaging through deep turbulence. In general, deep-turbulence conditions arise from aberrations being distributed along the propagation path. The resulting phase errors then cause a multifaceted problem with multiple empirically determined limitations. To address these limitations, the MIR algorithm works by sensing and correcting for the distributed-volume phase errors using single-shot digital holography data (i.e., one speckle measurement from the coherent illumination of an optically rough extended object). As such, we first show that our distributed-volume phase errors, created using the phase plates, follow path-integrated Kolmogorov statistics for weak-to-deep turbulence strengths. We then present results from two MIR algorithm configurations: a) where we have a priori knowledge of the placement of the phase plates, so that we sense and correct in the exact locations of the phase errors, and b) where we do not have a priori knowledge of the placement of the phase plates, so that we sense and correct in two fixed planes for all phase-error combinations. Given weak-to-deep turbulence strengths, the results show that the two MIR algorithm configurations perform comparably for the four imaging scenarios tested. Such results are promising for tactical applications, where one might not have a priori knowledge of the deep-turbulence conditions.
Zero-gravity wardrobes: The behaviour of costume in weightless environments
Authors: Brownie Barbara
Published: June 2020

In this commercial space age, audiences increasingly expect realism in science fiction. Weightlessness is commonly simulated through physical or virtual special effects, but reduced gravity aircraft offer opportunities for capturing the effects of microgravity more authentically. While this poses practical challenges for costume designers, it also invites the possibility of creative engagement with weightlessness. Costume can be employed to visibly evidence the effects of weightlessness, but to take advantage of this opportunity, designers must discard many of the fundamental principles of fashion design. This article examines the effects of weightlessness on costume in sequences shot on board reduced gravity aircraft, from Apollo 13 (), ), and the music video for OK Go's 'Upside Down & Inside Out' (), as well as footage of real-life astronauts. It then identifies those features of clothing design which must be reconsidered when designing costume for microgravity.
Coppola's postfeminism: Emma Watson and The Bling Ring
Authors: Hunter Siân
Published: June 2020

Sofia Coppola's The Bling Ring explores the contemporary obsession with commodities and celebrity culture which leads a group of Californian teenagers to break into the homes of celebrities, in order to steal their clothes and accessories. This article examines Coppola's critique of celebrity culture and consumerism through the movie itself, and through her casting of British actor Emma Watson and the ways in which she mobilizes the celebrity persona of Watson in order to further her critique. The Bling Ring will be compared to Coppola's work to understand how it contributes to her postfeminist image. Coppola's position as a celebrity figure through her association with her father, through her own work and through her participation within the worlds of fashion and music are also explored, in order to problematize the position from which she critiques celebrity culture.
The curated representation of Saga Norén: Interweaving narratives of fashion and interiors
Authors: Flanagan Pamela
Published: June 2020

Nordic Noir dramas have dominated the landscape of contemporary television, transforming the crime genre beyond the traditional English-speaking productions whilst forging a path for female protagonists to dominate. This article seeks to analyse the relationship between the narrative, fashion and interiors through the main female protagonist Saga Noren (Sofia Helin) in , the Danish-Swedish production of the Nordic Noir drama.
Uso da integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta e proteção de áreas de preservação permanente em propriedades familiares
Authors: Martins Marcelo Rodrigues , Rezende Marcelo Lacerda
Published: June 2020

O presente texto objetiva relatar as experiências de um projeto de extensão realizado pela Universidade Federal de Alfenas em parceria com a Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Estado de Minas Gerais (EMATER-MG), regional de Alfenas, visando implantar e avaliar 12 unidades experimentais em municípios com tradição leiteira da região Sul de Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de adaptar sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF) para as realidades locais, recuperando áreas degradadas, intensificando a utilização das pastagens e implementando áreas de proteção em nascentes e/ou vegetação ciliar. Foram realizados 4 dias de campo, com a capacitação de 138 produtores rurais, além da utilização dessas propriedades em cursos em bovinocultura e meio ambiente para produtores e técnicos. Os sistemas ILPF apresentam-se como alternativas viáveis para melhoria da geração de renda e serviços ambientais nas propriedades, respeitando-se as exigências impostas pela legislação ambiental. Dessa forma, o produtor rural e a sociedade são beneficiados com a preservação do meio ambiente. Houve efetiva construção do conhecimento entre agricultores familiares, a comunidade atendida, acadêmicos, docentes e técnicos da EMATER-MG.
Usabilidade da gestão de projetos em ações de extensão em universidade pública federal:
Authors: Santos Edicleia Aparecida Muniz dos , Oliveira Jair de , Michaloski Ariel Orlei
Published: June 2020

A extensão universitária promove a interação entre Universidade e sociedade, estimulando a disseminação do conhecimento, conjuntamente, com impacto na formação do estudante. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o gerenciamento dos projetos de extensão de uma instituição federal de ensino localizada no sul do Brasil, buscando identificar as fases em que ocorrem mais problemas em relação à gestão dos projetos. O método de pesquisa caracteriza-se como de cunho exploratório, identificando variáveis que podem gerar hipóteses para pesquisas futuras. O trabalho baseia-se na abordagem qualitativa. A investigação e a análise institucional deram-se a partir de técnica de coleta de dados, fundamentando-se nos princípios da análise documental, adotando como objeto documentos de projetos, planilhas, relatórios, editais de seleção dos projetos de extensão e Sistema SAP, todos internos à instituição. Em conclusão, aponta-se que, atualmente, a gestão dos projetos de extensão dentro do campus é funcional, contudo, é necessário um aprimoramento e aprofundamento nas partes gerenciais, na capacitação dos coordenadores e equipes envolvidas para maior sucesso nos trabalhos desenvolvidos. Ao final, o trabalho abre possibilidades para a continuidade da pesquisa sobre os temas abordados.
Atividades sobre malefícios do tabaco
Authors: Campos Igor Silva , Melo Sthephany Yamaguchi de , Ferreira Danielle Cristina Gonçalves , Silva Janaína Paula Costa da
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste relato é descrever a experiência dos discentes do curso de graduação em Medicina em uma ação extensionista que abordou o malefício do uso tabágico. A ação teve como público-alvo estudantes de 10 a 15 anos de idade, matriculados em uma escola pública. Os objetivos foram: compartilhar conhecimento científico sobre os malefícios do uso tabágico e sensibilizar os estudantes acerca dos danos desse hábito. No planejamento da ação, adotou-se o Arco de Maguerez, um método para conhecer a realidade dos estudantes para os quais a atividade foi preparada, além de Teatro Invisível, quizes e rodas de conversa, com intuito de abordar de forma efetiva a temática. A ação teve duração de cerca de 90 minutos e foi executada em cinco classes da escola. Observou-se que, apesar de grande parte dos estudantes ter relatado contato prévio com o tabaco, poucos sabiam os impactos negativos acarretados por esse hábito. Os estudantes demonstraram surpresa ao ouvir sobre os prejuízos oriundos do uso do tabaco para a saúde e puderam sanar dúvidas com os discentes que conduziram a ação, a qual, acredita-se, tenha colaborado para promoção de saúde.
Elaboração de um guia ilustrado com a ictiofauna do Rio Itapecerica, Divinópolis-MG
Authors: Carvalho Wellington Fernandes de , Brighenti Ludmila Silva , Thomé Ralph Gruppi , Santos Hélio Batista dos
Published: June 2020

O Itapecerica é um importante rio do Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais e vem sofrendo com diversos impactos antrópicos, como poluição e introdução de espécies exóticas. Por isso, ações de educação e conscientização ambiental, visando à valorização e preservação desse ecossistema e das espécies de peixes que o habitam são necessárias. Nesse intuito, elaboramos um guia ilustrado sobre a ictiofauna do rio Itapecerica para ser utilizado como material de apoio para o Ensino Médio. Cada espécie de peixe catalogada e descrita na literatura foi caracterizada quanto aos aspectos alimentares, reprodutivos, morfológicos e ecológicos. O guia traz uma breve descrição de 29 espécies de peixes do rio Itapecerica e da legislação estadual de pesca amadora. O guia foi utilizado como material didático base em palestras ministradas em novembro de 2019 para 330 alunos do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede pública estadual de Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. Após a realização das palestras, observamos que o guia possibilitou aos alunos ampliarem seus conhecimentos sobre ictiologia, como a importância da preservação dos peixes, a distinção de espécies e também o seu papel no ecossistema. Além disso, propiciou um estreitamento da relação dos alunos com a natureza, contribuindo com algumas demandas da área educacional.
Extensão e sociedade: diálogos necessários
Authors: Albrecht Evonir , Bastos Antonio Sergio Abrahão Monteiro
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo se propõe a fazer uma análise da extensão universitária, suas diferentes definições ao longo da história, seu papel na sociedade e sua importância na tríade Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão. Para tal, estabelecemos as seguintes questões: Quais as concepções de extensão construídas na legislação brasileira? Como os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) contribuem para a inserção da extensão nos currículos da graduação? Para responder a estas questões estabelecemos como objetivos: destacar e valorar a extensão como vetor para o diálogo com os diferentes atores da sociedade; e compreender a extensão como um dos pilares da universidade. O trabalho se insere nos moldes da pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter histórico, focando na análise de artigos e documentos que apresentem os diferentes momentos vividos na extensão universitária. Feita a análise, observa-se que a extensão universitária como política pública teve diferentes definições e sempre apresentou um diálogo próximo com a comunidade e as demandas sociais. Neste contexto, passa a configurar como componente curricular obrigatória, denotando sua importância como vetor de aproximação Universidade-Sociedade, neste aspecto, os ODS podem apresentar possibilidades de trabalho, oportunizando a inserção de questões urgentes e necessárias para toda a sociedade.
PUTUSAN MK NO.22 /PUU-XV /2017 TENTANG PERMOHONAN JUDICIAL REVIEW PASAl 7 AYAT (1) UU NO. 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG USIA PERKAWINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH
Authors: Hadi Samsul
Published: June 2020

The Decision of Constitutional Court Number. 22 / puu-XV / 2017 granted the request for a judicial review againt article 7 paragraph 1 (one) of cositution Number. 1 of 1974 concerning the age limit of marriage. This article actually distinguishes the age of marriage for women and men. For women at least 16 years and for men 19 years. This distinction is discrimination against women's rights as citizens and not in accordance with the principle of equality before the law as stated in article 12 paragraph 1 of the constitution 1945. This discrimination has caused some women to be forced to marry at the age of under 16 years, which is detrimental to the right to education, reproductive health and life safety. This court ruling gives hope for women to be better in the future. This decision is in accordance with the Purpose of Islamic law, to realize the benefit and keep away from damage.Artikel ini membahas tentang Putusan Mahkamah Konstutusi Nomor. 22/PUU-XV/2017  tentang Usia Perkawinan sebagai revisi terhadap Pasal 7 ayat 1( satu) undang-undang No. 1 tahun 1974 tentang batasan usia perkawinan. Pasal ini secara nyata membedakan  umur perkawinan bagi wanita dan laki-laki. Bagi wanita minimal 16 tahun dan bagi laki-laki 19 tahun.  Pembedaan ini merupakan diskriminasi terhadap hak-hak wanita sebagai warga negara dan tidak sesuai dengan prinsip kesamaan di depan hukum sebagimana yang disebutkan dalam pasal 27 ayat 1 UUD tahun 1945. diskriminasi ini berdampak sebagian wanita dikawinkan secara paksa pada umur di bawah 16 tahun, yang merugikan hak mendapatkan pendidikan, kesehatan reproduksi, dan keselamatan jiwa. putusan mahkamah ini memberikan harapan bagi wanita untuk lebih baik pada masa yang kan datang. hal ini sesaui dengan tujuan  dalam hukum Islam, merealisasikan kemaslahatan dan menjauhkan dari kerusakan.
PENGHULU WANITA MENURUT PENGHULU KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Saputra Megi
Published: June 2020

This article tries to examine the view of the marriage administrar (penghulu) of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Yogyakarta on female marriage administrar. Based on interview with ten marriage administrars in Yogyakarta, this work argues that at least three varians of the opinion can be concluded. Some argued that female marriage administrar is not against the law. Therefore, female marriage administrar is possible in Indonesia. The others stated that female marriage administrar only can apply in Indonesia if no man can meet the requisites of the marriage registrar. The rest have an opinion that female marriage registrar is not possible in Indonesia becauseArtikel ini mengkaji tentang pendapat penghulu Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) di Kota Yogyakarta tentang penghulu wanita. Dengan data primer bersumber dari wawancara dengan sepuluh penghulu di Kota Yogyakarta, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa di kalangan penghulu Kota Yogyakarta, terdapat tiga varian pendapat mengenai penghulu wanita. Sebagian berpendapat bahwa penghulu wanita sangat mungkin ada di Indonesia dengan alasan aturan yang ada sangat memungkinkan penghulu dijabat oleh perempuan. Selain itu, secara normatif fiqh, tidak ada larangan penghulu dijabat oleh wanita meskipun harus menjadi wali.  Sebagian yang lain berpendapat penghulu wanita hanya dapat terjadi di Indonesia jika tidak ada pria yang memenuhi syarat untuk menjadi penghulu. Sedangkan sisanya menyatakan bahwa penghulu wanita tidak mungkin terjadi di Indonesia dengan alasan meskipun secara yuridis tidak melarang wanita menjadi penghulu, tetapi secara empiris penghulu sering menjadi wali nikah melalui wali hakim ataupun taukil wali. Sedangkan yang dapat menjadi wali adalah laki-laki.
Implementing BIM in architecture, engineering and construction companies: Perceived benefits and barriers among local contractors in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Fitriani Heni , Budiarto Andy ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Ajayi Saheed ,   Built Environment and Engineering, Leeds Beckett University, UK, Idris Yakni ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
Published: June 2020

Despite the booming construction activities in Indonesia, and increasing adoption of BIM across the globe, there has been a little mention of BIM as well as its poor implementationin Indonesia. This study investigates the level of BIM awareness, knowledge, perceived benefits and barrier to its implementation among local construction businesses in Indonesia. The research was conducted through structured questionnaires. The respondents were requested to rate the significance of some identifiedfactorsaccording to a five-point Likert scale. Data collected from the survey was analysed using SPSS and evaluated using reliability analysis and descriptive statistics to present the characteristics of the study variables. The study shows that while most respondents recognized Revit and ArchiCAD as BIM enabling tools, there is a need for more sensitisation of local contractors on the purpose and benefits of BIM adoption. The high cost of software and hardware, lack of knowledge, and lack of awareness of BIM were the main barriers to its implementationin AEC companies. The study was carried out within Palembang region and was limited to local construction professionals, with the exclusion of expatriates. Since BIM has facilitatedperformance and productivity in many nations, it is expected that the technology would be valuable to the Indonesian construction industry. Local Indonesian businesses would need to be motivated to adopt BIM technologyfor their advancement.
IT tools and standards supporting mass customisation in the building industry
Authors:   Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark, Jensen Kim , Nielson Kjeld ,   Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark, Brunoe Thomas ,   Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark, Larsen Jesper ,   Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark
Published: June 2020

Research demonstrate that productivity in the Danish building and construction industry has only doubled over the last fifty years, whereas the manufacturing industry has increased six times. Utilisation of mass customization as a strategy has achieved results in the manufacturing industry in terms of increasing productivity and competitiveness, so the strategy might have potentials in the building and construction industry as well. However, mass customization as a strategy for improving the productivity of the building and construction industry has not been explored as much as in the manufacturing industry. The purpose of this paper is to analysethe assumptions and possibilities for applying the principles of masscustomisation related to establishing an adaptable integrated system of entities in the value chain of the building and construction industry.The outset of the paper is a literature review concerning the utilisation of mass customization as a strategy in terms of increasing productivity within the building and construction industry. An essential part of the paper is a case study of 11 building and construction companies and an analysis of the conditions for cooperation between the entities in the value chain of the building and construction industry. The paper induces to which extent it makes sense to talk about utilisation of mass customisation by applying the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and standardisation initiatives of the construction industry provided by buildingSMART, and at the same time harvesting the benefits of the mass customization.
Gaya Bahasa Pada Lirik Lagu Spirits Of The Sea Karya Kenshi Yonezu
Authors: Fadli Zaki Ainul , Kusmiati Dewi
Published: June 2020

(Title: Stylistics on Song Lyrics Spirits of the Sea by Kenshi Yonezu) Lyrics of the song are an outpouring of the author's personal feelings and contain various meanings based on the style of language used. The style of language in a literary work is known as the 'stylistics'. In this regard, this research trying to find out the stylistic elements (language style) contained in the lyrics of Spirits of the Sea by Kenshi Yonezu. The theory used is the style theory by Gorys Keraf. In conducting this research, the author uses qualitative methods. Data processing techniques used are literature review and analysis techniques. Data obtained by reading the lyrics of the song Spirits of the Sea by Kenshi Yonezu. Through library research methods and analysis techniques, the results and conclusions obtained in the form of qualitative data is description and interpretation, namely the style of language based on the choice of words used and the style of language based on the sentence structure in the lyrics. Besides, there are several types of language styles based on the direct or indirect meaning in the lyrics of the song Spirits of the Sea by Kenshi Yonezu such as personification, hyperbole, etc.
Expression of autophagic and ubiquitin–proteasome proteins in the peripheral nervous system after nerve injury
Authors: Agthong Sithiporn , Rodtayoy Marisa , Roumwong Atitaya
Published: June 2020

Background

Autophagy and ubiquitin–proteasome (UPS) are two main degradation systems for intracellular proteins. They are essential for homeostasis of neurons during normal and pathological conditions, but their changes after nerve injury remain unclear.

Objective

To examine the protein expression of autophagy and UPS in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), including intact and injured sciatic nerves after crush injury in rats.

Methods

Left sciatic nerve crush was done in all Wistar rats and the specimens were removed at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after injury. Expression of the autophagic (Beclin-1 and p62) and UPS proteins [muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF1) and ubiquitinated proteins] was measured using Western blot analysis.

Results

Expression of p62 was significantly increased in the injured versus intact sciatic nerves on day 1 and day 7 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was a trend toward higher expression of Beclin-1 on the crushed nerve. In the DRG, expression of p62 and Beclin-1 was not significantly different between the two sides. Expression of MuRF1 and ubiquitinated proteins was not significantly different between the left and right DRG. The low quantity of MuRF1 and high variations in the ubiquitinated protein levels in the nerve prevented further analysis.

Conclusions

These results indicated the induction of autophagy with accumulation of autophagosomes in the nerve, but not DRG, after nerve injury. Future studies on the effects of the autophagic changes and the precise activity of UPS in nerve trauma are crucial.
Jewish Perceptions of Antisemitism in the European Union, 2018: A New Structural Look
Authors: DellaPergola Sergio
Published: June 2020

This paper aims at providing a new systemic contribution to research about perceptions of antisemitism/Judeophobia by contemporary Jews in 12 European Union countries. The perspective – the viewpoint of the offended side – has been less prominent relatively in research literature on antisemitism. The data analysis demonstrates the potential power of Similarity Structure Analysis (SSA) as a better theoretical and empirical tool to describe and conceptualize the contents of chosen research issues. After a brief review of some methodological problems in the study of antisemitism, this paper will re-elaborate data first published in the report of the 2018 FRA study Experiences and Perceptions of Antisemitism – Second survey on Discrimination and Hate Crimes against Jews in the EU (FRA 2018a). Topics include the perceived importance of antisemitism as a societal issue, the contents of anti-Jewish prejudice and discrimination, channels of transmission, perpetrators of offenses, regional differences within Europe, and the role of antisemitism perceptions as a component of Jewish identification. Special attention is paid to the distinction between cognitive and experiential perceptions of antisemitism, and to the typology of practical, populist, political, and narrative antisemitism.
M6 formalism – generalization of the laser beam quality factor M2 to the 3D domain
Authors: Brodsky Alexander , Kaplan Natan
Published: June 2020

Here we define a theoretical basis for the generalization of the beam quality factor M2 to three-dimensional (3D) space, which we call M6 formalism. The formalism is established through the use of examples of multifocal and Axicon optical systems to illustrate discrete and continuous axial beam shaping, respectively. For the continuous case, we expand the definition of the Rayleigh range to incorporate a quality factor having both axial and transverse components

M

add

2

$M_{{\rm{add}}}^2$

and M2. Using geometrical ray tracing simulations, a proportion factor C is found to empirically describe the axial quality factor

M
z
2

$M_z^2$

of an optical setup including an Axicon and a paraxial focusing lens with a Gaussian single mode input beam. Using our M6 formalism depth of focus (DOF) ranges are calculated for higher M2 beams, and are shown to be in good agreement with the simulated DOF range, demonstrating the usefulness of the M6 formalism for the design of real optical systems.
Feature selection for classification in Steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces with genetic algorithm
Authors: Karkosz Stanisław , Jukiewicz Marcin
Published: June 2020

Objectives

Optimization of Brain-Computer Interface by detecting the minimal number of morphological features of signal that maximize accuracy.

Methods

System of signal processing and morphological features extractor was designed, then the genetic algorithm was used to select such characteristics that maximize the accuracy of the signal’s frequency recognition in offline Brain-Computer Interface (BCI).

Results

The designed system provides higher accuracy results than a previously developed system that uses the same preprocessing methods, however, different results were achieved for various subjects.

Conclusions

It is possible to enhance the previously developed BCI by combining it with morphological features extraction, however, it’s performance is dependent on subject variability.
Extreme Parties and Political Rents
Authors: Aytimur R. Emre
Published: June 2020

We study the rent-seeking behavior of political parties in a proportional representation system. In our model, the final policy choice of the parliament is a weighted average of parties’ policy positions, weights being their vote shares. An extreme party chooses a higher rent level than a moderate party in exchange for greater policy influence, except in some cases of unlikely distributions of parties. Moreover, political rents are not eliminated even with free entry, unless the entry cost is arbitrarily small.
Do I Know Ω? An Axiomatic Model of Awareness and Knowledge
Authors: Pires Cesaltina Pacheco
Published: June 2020

In modeling game and decision theory situations, it has been usual to start by considering Ω, the set of conceivable states of the world. I wish to propose a more fundamental view. I do not assume that the agent knows Ω. Instead the agent is assumed to derive for herself a representation of the universe. Given her knowledge and her ability to reason about it the agent deduces a set of conceivable states of the world and a set of possible states of the world. The epistemic model considered in this paper uses a propositional framework. The model distinguishes between the knowledge of the existence of a proposition, which I call awareness, and the knowledge of the truth or the falsity of the proposition. Depending upon whether one assumes that the agent is aware or not of all the propositions, she will or will not have a “complete model” of the world. When the agent is not aware of all the propositions, the states of the world and the possibility correspondence imaginable by her are coarser than the modeler's. The agent has an incomplete knowledge of both the states of the world and the information structure. In addition, I extend the model with “incompleteness” to a dynamic setting. Under the assumption that the agent's knowledge is non-decreasing over time, I show that the set of states of the world conceivable by the agent and her possibility correspondence get finer over time.
MiR-489-3p inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induces apoptosis, by targeting the BDNF-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in glioblastoma
Authors: Zheng Bo , Chen Tao
Published: June 2020

Among astrocyte tumors, glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma, highly aggressive and invasive, with extremely poor prognosis. Previous research has reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the progression of many cancers. Thus, this study aimed to explore the role and the underlying mechanisms of microRNA (miR)-489-3p in GBM progression. The expression of miR-489-3p and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to detect BDNF protein and the PI3K/AKT pathway-related protein. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were analyzed using CKK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between BDNF and miR-489-3p was explored by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. MiR-489-3p was down-regulated and BDNF was up-regulated in GBM tissues and cells. MiR-489-3p re-expression or BDNF knockdown inhibited GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. BDNF was a target of miR-489-3p, and BDNF up-regulation reversed the effects of miR-489-3p on GBM cells. The protein levels of p-AKT and p-PI3K were notably reduced in GBM cells by overexpression of miR-489-3p, but were rescued following BDNF up-regulation. Therefore, miR-489-3p inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced apoptosis, by targeting the BDNF-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in GBM, providing new strategies for clinical treatment of GBM.
Exact time of venous blood sample collection – an unresolved issue, on behalf of the European Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE)
Authors: von Meyer Alexander , Lippi Giuseppe , Simundic Ana-Maria , Cadamuro Janne
Published: June 2020

Objectives

An accurate knowledge of blood collection times is crucial for verifying the stability of laboratory analytes. We therefore aimed to (i) assess if and how this information is collected throughout Europe and (ii) provide a list of potentially available solutions.

Methods

A survey was issued by the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group on Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) in 2017, aiming to collect data on preanalytical process management, including sampling time documentation, in European laboratories. A preceding pilot survey was disseminated in Austria in 2016. Additionally, preanalytical experts were surveyed on their local setting on this topic. Finally, the current scientific literature was reviewed on established possibilities of sampling time collection.

Results

A total number of 85 responses was collected from the pilot survey, whilst 1347 responses from 37 European countries were obtained from the final survey. A minority (i.e. ~13%) of responders to the latter declared they are unaware of the exact sampling time. The corresponding rate in Austria was ~70% in the pilot and ~30% in the final survey, respectively. Answers from 17 preanalytical experts from 16 countries revealed that sampling time collection seems to be better documented for out- than for in-patients. Eight different solutions for sample time documentation are presented.

Conclusions

The sample collection time seems to be documented very heterogeneously across Europe, or not at all. Here we provide some solutions to this issue and believe that laboratories should urgently aim to implement one of these.
Study on the interaction between catechin and cholesterol by the density functional theory
Authors: Zheng Kaiwen , Guo Kai , Xu Jing , Liu Wei , Chen Junlang , Xu Can , Chen Liang
Published: June 2020

Catechin – a natural polyphenol substance – has excellent antioxidant properties for the treatment of diseases, especially for cholesterol lowering. Catechin can reduce cholesterol content in micelles by forming insoluble precipitation with cholesterol, thereby reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine. In this study, to better understand the molecular mechanism of catechin and cholesterol, we studied the interaction between typical catechins and cholesterol by the density functional theory. Results show that the adsorption energies between the four catechins and cholesterol are obviously stronger than that of cholesterol themselves, indicating that catechin has an advantage in reducing cholesterol micelle formation. Moreover, it is found that the molecular interactions of the complexes are mainly due to charge transfer of the aromatic rings of the catechins as well as the hydrogen bond interactions. Unlike the intuitive understanding of a complex formed by hydrogen bond interaction, which is positively correlated with the number of hydrogen bonds, the most stable complexes (epicatechin–cholesterol or epigallocatechin–cholesterol) have only one but stronger hydrogen bond, due to charge transfer of the aromatic rings of catechins.
Investigation of polyphenol profile, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur roots
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zakryya , Shabbir Muhammad Imran , Saqib Zafeer , Gilani Syed Aneel , Jogezai Naqeeb Ullah , Kiyani Mubin Mustafa , Malik Muhammad Arshad
Published: June 2020

Liver plays vital role in detoxification of exogenous and endogenous chemicals. These chemicals as well as oxidative stress may cause liver disorders. This study was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of various fractions of Aconogonon alpinum methanolic extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in mice. First, hepatoprotective potential of various fractions of A. alpinum was assessed and then antioxidant activity and profiling of polyphenolic compounds were assessed. A total of 78 male albino mice (BALB/c) were randomly divided into 13 groups (n = 6); Group I (normal control), Group II (CCl4 only), Group III (CCl4 + silymarin 100 mg/kg) and Groups IV–XIII (CCl4 + various fractions [200 and 400 mg/kg]). Hepatic biochemistry and liver injury were assessed by analysis of serum levels of hepatic enzymes and histopathological analysis, respectively. Results showed that polar fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions) exhibited highly significant (P < 0.01) reduction in increased level of liver biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner with consistent histopathological findings. Likewise, these fractions revealed strong antioxidant potential and polyphenolic compound contents. In conclusion, the present work has revealed promising antioxidant activity, polyphenolic profiling and potential hepatoprotective efficacy. Thus, the significant results unveil the study as a step forward towards evidence-based phytomedicine.
LaCoO3 perovskite-type catalysts in syngas conversion
Authors: Jetpisbayeva Gulim Danebaevna , Dokuchits Eugene Vladimirovich , Tafilevich Angelina Nikolaevna , Minyukova Tatyana Petrovna , Massalimova Bakytgul Kabykenovna , Sadykov Vladislav Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2020

LaCoO3 samples were obtained by the hydrothermal and citrate methods. The dynamics of the phase transformations of the initial hydroxo compounds into the oxide state and the subsequent reduction in a hydrogen-containing mixture were studied by the differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction methods. The results of the catalytic tests in the syngas conversion showed that the path of conversion depends on the phase composition of the catalyst in the oxide state. In contrast to the standard CoAl sample, alcohols prevail in the liquid products formed on LaCoO3 catalysts.
Microbiologically influenced corrosion: a review of the studies conducted on buried pipelines
Authors: Spark Amy , Wang Kai , Cole Ivan , Law David , Ward Liam
Published: June 2020

Buried pipelines are essential for the delivery of potable water around the world. A key cause of leaks and bursts in these pipelines, particularly those fabricated from carbon steel, is the accelerated localized corrosion due to the influence of microbes in soil. Here, studies conducted on soil corrosion of pipelines' external surface both in the field and the laboratory are reviewed with a focus on scientific approaches, particularly the techniques used to determine the action and contribution of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The review encompasses water pipeline studies, as well as oil and gas pipeline studies with similar corrosion mechanisms but significantly higher risks of failure. Significant insight into how MIC progresses in soil has been obtained. However, several limitations to the current breadth of studies are raised. Suggestions based on techniques from other fields of work are made for future research, including the need for a more systematic methodology for such studies.
Numerical Simulation of Laser Welding Dissimilar Low Carbon and Austenitic Steel Joint
Authors: Danielewski Hubert , Skrzypczyk Andrzej , Tofil Szymon , Witkowski Grzegorz , Rutkowski Sławomir
Published: June 2020

Numerical simulation of laser welding dissimilar joint was presented. Results of butt joint for low carbon and austenitic steels are studied. Numerical calculations based on thermo-mechanical method and phase transformation were used for estimating weld dimensions and joint properties. Unconventional welding method where focused photons beam are used as a heat source were presented. Problems with welding of dissimilar joints, where different composition and thermo physical material properties affect on this phenomena complexity are solved using numerical methods and laser welding technology. Simulation of low carbon and stainless steel joints using SimufactWelding software are presented. Model of heat source within geometry and parameters was programmed. Laser beam welding simulation was performed for estimating parameters for complete joints penetration. Programming welding boundary condition and heat source geometry welding parameters with output power and welding speed rate was estimated. Materials used in simulation process and experimental welding was low carbon construction S235JR and stainless 316L steels in sheets form. Joint properties such as fusion zone and heat affected zones dimensions and stress-strain distribution were calculated. Estimation of complete joint characteristics was obtained using thermo-mechanical simulation method and Marc solver engine.. Experimental trial butt joint welding were performed based on estimated parameters. Welding process was performed using 6kW CO2 laser system. Based on numerical simulation, microstructure analysis, hardness distribution and chemical distribution of fusion zone, properties of obtained joint was studied. Model for simulation of dissimilar laser welding joint was obtained, and properties of obtained joint based on simulation and experiment was studied.
Prospects of Blockchain in Contract and Property
Authors: Arruñada Benito
Published: June 2020

Recurrent difficulties are delaying what for the time being are still modest applications of blockchain. This paper identifies what value this new technology adds to the contractual and property processes, exploring its potential and analyzing the main difficulties it is facing. Paying particular attention to the distinction between contract (personal or in personam) rights and property (real or in rem) rights, it first examines the difficulties for trading contract rights through blockchain-based applications, mainly those to complete contracts ex ante without relying on third-party enforcers. Second, it explores the difficulties faced by blockchain to enable trade in property rights.
A Note on Pure Error and Its Effect on Regression Model Significance
Authors: Chimka Justin R. , Boudhoum Salma , Burrows Katelyn
Published: June 2020

We extend the concept of maximum coefficient of determination \operatorname{Max}R^{2} caused by repeat runs to ideas about a maximum test statistic F_{0} and a minimum p-value Min P for regression
Prevalence and correlates of muscle-enhancing behaviors among adolescents and young adults in the United States
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Ganson Kyle T. , Griffiths Scott , Mitchison Deborah , Garber Andrea K. , Vittinghoff Eric , Bibbins-Domingo Kirsten , Murray Stuart B.
Published: June 2020

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of muscle-enhancing behaviors in adolescents and young adults using a nationally representative sample in the USA and to examine differences by sex, race/ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, and participation in team sports.

Methods

Prospective cohort data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, Waves I through III (1994–2002) were analyzed. Engagement in muscle-enhancing behaviors including dietary changes, exercise and weightlifting, supplement use, performance-enhancing substances, and anabolic androgenic steroids were recorded. Multiple logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations, incorporating robust standard errors with clustering by school and within persons, and using national sample weighting, were used to determine associations with muscle-enhancing behaviors across three data collection waves.

Results

Of the 18,924 adolescents at baseline, 29.2% of males and 7.0% of females reported weight gain attempts, while 25.2% of males and 3.8% of females reported any muscle-enhancing behavior. All muscle-enhancing behaviors were more common in males compared to females (p<0.001). Among young men 18–26 years old, 15.6% reported using legal performance enhancing substances and 2.7% reported using androgenic anabolic steroids. Factors that were associated with muscle-enhancing behaviors in males across three data collection waves included Black or Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity, age over 14 years, higher parental education, lower body mass index, and participation in team sports.

Conclusions

Muscle-enhancing behaviors ranging from dietary changes to supplement and androgenic anabolic steroid use are common among adolescent and young adult males. Clinicians should consider screening for muscle-enhancing behaviors in these populations.
Usability von Browsererweiterungen zum Schutz vor Tracking
Authors: Hubert Marvin , Griesbaum Joachim , Womser-Hacker Christa
Published: June 2020

Browsererweiterungen zum Schutz vor Tracking stellen beliebte Werkzeuge zum Schutz der Privatsphäre von Nutzerinnen und Nutzern dar. Ihre tatsächliche Effektivität ist in hohem Maße von ihrer Usability abhängig, da diese bestimmt, in welchem Ausmaß diese Werkzeuge effektiv, effizient und zufriedenstellend genutzt werden können. Die vorliegende Untersuchung prüft die Gebrauchstauglichkeit vier solcher Browsererweiterungen mit Hilfe von Benutzertests. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Add-ons auch heutzutage noch eine Vielzahl an Usability-Mängeln aufweisen. Kernprobleme stellen insbesondere die mangelnde Verständlichkeit und die fehlende Führung und Unterstützung der Nutzenden dar.
Datenexploration für Kryptowährungen
Authors: Sontheimer Lukas , Kölle Ralph , Mandl Thomas
Published: June 2020

Kryptowährungen gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung und ihr Handel unterliegt großen Wertschwankungen. Erfolgreiche Händler müssen sich aus zahlreichen Quellen informieren und Daten analysieren. Wir präsentieren ein prototypisches System, das aus Twitter die Nachrichten zu Kryptowährungen filtert und anschließend in einer graphischen und interaktiven Oberfläche darstellt. Der Beitrag zeigt beispielhaft, wie mit der offenen ElasticSearch Technologie eine Datenvisualisierung entwickelt werden kann. Zwei Interviews mit Domänenexperten weisen auf Schwächen und Stärken des Systems hin.
Bayesian Estimation of the Functional Spatial Lag Model
Authors: Aw Alassane , Cabral Emmanuel Nicolas
Published: June 2020

The spatial lag model (SLM) has been widely studied in the literature for spatialised data modeling in various disciplines such as geography, economics, demography, regional sciences, etc. This is an extension of the classical linear model that takes into account the proximity of spatial units in modeling. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian estimation of the functional spatial lag (FSLM) model. The Bayesian MCMC technique is used as a method of estimation for the parameters of the model. A simulation study is conducted in order to compare the results of the Bayesian functional spatial lag model with the functional spatial lag model and the functional linear model. As an illustration, the proposed Bayesian functional spatial lag model is used to establish a relationship between the unemployment rate and the curves of illiteracy rate observed in the 45 departments of Senegal.
On the Historical Value of 2 Maccabees
Authors: Parker Victor
Published: June 2020

2 Maccabees provides solid historical information concerning the activities of Antiochus IV in Egypt and Palestine in the 160s B.C. This information both supplements and partially corrects the corresponding account in 1 Maccabees. Since the Jews in Palestine used the so-called Babylonian Seleucid Era (instead of the Macedonian Seleucid Era as Klaus Bringmann has argued), the presentation of events in 1 Maccabees becomes highly problematic at points, and it is once again 2 Maccabees which points the way toward a solution.
Die Geschichte des ‚Rauhen Kilikien‘ unter den Römern
Authors: Pilhofer Philipp
Published: June 2020

In dieser landeskundlich-historisch ausgerichteten Abhandlung wird die Geschichte des ‚Rauhen Kilikien‘ unter den Römern untersucht. Das Rauhe Kilikien in seiner Gesamtheit stand bislang nur selten im Zentrum einer genaueren Analyse. Die geschichtlichen Daten sind möglichst quellennah unter Berücksichtigung der Sekundärliteratur erarbeitet; insbesondere wurde dabei der epigraphische Befund berücksichtigt.

Einer einleitenden geographischen Abgrenzung folgt eine kurze Einführung in die Region. Das Rauhe Kilikien wurde länger als alle anderen kleinasiatischen Regionen von Klientelkönigen verwaltet, bis es unter Vespasian Teil der römischen Provinzordnung wurde. Anschließend erlebte das Rauhe Kilikien eine lange Phase der steten Entwicklung und Urbanisierung. Unter Diokletian wurde das Rauhe Kilikien Kernstück der neuen Provinz ‚Isauria‘.

Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung liegt auf der Frage nach den ‚kilikischen Piraten‘ und, später, den ‚isaurischen Banditen‘.
Constitutional Court as Constitutional Complaint Institution: Evidence from Serbia
Authors: Polovchenko Konstantin
Published: June 2020

A noticeable increase in the scope of powers of the constitutional supervisory body of Serbia is directly related with a qualitative change in the status of the Constitutional Court. The purpose of the article is to analyse the competences of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia in protecting rights and freedoms as the most important area of its activity. The article presents a study of the increased powers of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Serbia, the purpose of which is to protect rights and freedoms. The leading method in this study is the system analysis method, which allows us to assess the significance of the constitutional complaints institution in Serbia. Studying the current regulation of the competence of the Constitutional Court of Serbia, the author concludes that the significantly expanded competence of the Constitutional Court of Serbia fully reflects its status as a constitutional body representing the fourth judicial control authority in the state. It also ensures the supremacy of the Constitution and protects the foundations of the constitutional system of Serbia, including protection of rights and freedoms in the Republic of Serbia.
Crystal structure of aqua-(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)(((3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)glycine-κ2
N,O)copper(II) dihydrate, C18H20CuN4O9S
Authors: Chen Xiao-Miao , Liu Zheng-Jun , Zhao Rong-Fei , Cheng Jing-Song , Qin Lan , Long Zhang-Di
Published: June 2020

C18H20CuN4O9S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.4177(5) Å, b = 17.9018(5) Å, c = 7.4580(2) Å, β = 90.490(3)°, V = 2191.87(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0451, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0956, T = 153(2) K.