bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post COVID-19 mucormycosis- histopathology and associated factors
Authors: S Patil , M Khade , S Agrawal , S Agrawal , S Kangate , D Sarate
Published: June 2023

Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection (COVID-19) may be associated with wide range of bacterial and fungal infections. Mucormycosis is a common and potentially life threatening opportunistic fungal infection responsible for morbidity and mortality. Many factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy might have been a role in the immunocompromised state of the patients. The aim of present study was to know the predisposing factors and role of histopathology in diagnosis and assessing the prognosis of post COVID-19 mucormycosis cases. Material and methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months from April 2021 to September 2021. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and maxillectomy samples from 157 post COVID-19 mucormycosis suspected cases were studied and details regarding history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and corticosteroid therapy were retrieved. All tissue samples were examined under H&E stain and special fungal stain (PAS). Results: On histopathological examination, out of total 157 cases, 94 cases were found to be positive for mucormycosis. Of these 94 cases, 63 were males and 31 were females. Age range was from 23 to 75 years. 5 cases showed mixed mucormycosis and aspergillosis infection. Also out of 94 post COVID mucormycosis cases, 72 were diabetic, 21 were hypertensive and 68 had a history of corticosteroid intake for treatment of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: Histopathology plays a pivotal role in accurate diagnosis and assessing the severity and invasiveness of mucormycosis. Diabetes mellitus and corticosteroid use are the important associated factors. Keywords: post COVID -19; mucormycosis; daibetes; steroid therapy
Comunicación para la prevención de cáncer de piel: un análisis del uso de Facebook para la comunicación de salud en España
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Lara , Moreno Ángeles , Zeler Ileana
Published: June 2023

El cáncer de piel es uno de los tipos de cáncer más letales en todo el mundo. En España, se espera un aumento en la incidencia y mortalidad si no se toman medidas adecuadas para educar a la población sobre la importancia de la fotoprotección. En este contexto, las redes sociales se han convertido en un canal de información crucial para la promoción de hábitos saludables. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer el contenido de la comunicación de fotoprevención difundida en Facebook en España por las principales organizaciones comprometidas con esta labor. Se ha empleado la teoría de la agenda setting de primer y segundo nivel para explorar los contenidos emitidos en 2022 durante el periodo de campañas de prevención en los perfiles de redes sociales de estas organizaciones. Los hallazgos muestran una prevalencia de contenidos sobre fotoprotección (34,4%) y un encuadre mayoritario centrado en causas del cáncer de piel (55,4%).
The Role of Temporary Education Centers on Syrian Refugee Students' Socio-cultural Adaptation
Authors: ERDEN-BASARAN Ozlem
Published: June 2023

Temporary Education Centers (TECs), which closed in 2019, were established to ensure that Syrian students continue their interrupted education in their native language and slowly acquire the necessary Turkish language skills for social adaptation and transition to public schools. This qualitative study analyzes how these institutions, particularly their organizational structure, language education, and teachers’ perception, affect the socio-cultural adaptation of Syrian students in Turkish society. The data for this study were gathered through semi-structured interviews with Syrian and Turkish administrators and teachers, and Syrian students in a TEC. The collected data was analyzed using Critical Discourse Analysis. The findings indicate that Syrian students in TEC experience isolation from the Turkish community, therefore feel anxious about their social adaptation. Yet, Syrian and Turkish administrators do not share the same concerns with the Syrian students because of carrying different educational and social agendas. On the other hand, Syrian and Turkish teachers are mainly concerned about Syrian students’ social identity construction and educational achievement. This study explains the reasons for having various social adaptation expectations and argues that isolated educational institutions for refugees generate negative results for refugee students’ social adaptation.
Safranbolu Yöresi Kazdağı Göknarı (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani) meşcereleri için ağaç hacim tabloları
Authors: BAYTAŞ Samet , SEKİ Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma kapsamında, Safranbolu Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü sınırları içerisinde yayılış gösteren Kazdağı Göknarı (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani) meşcereleri için kabuklu ve kabuksuz olmak üzere tek ve çift girişli ağaç hacim denklemleri geliştirilmiştir. Çalışma materyali olarak, farklı meşcere yapılarından alınan 153 adet örnek ağaca ilişkin kabuklu ve kabuksuz gövde hacim değerlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Kabuklu ve kabuksuz ağaç hacim tahminleri için 5 adet tek girişli ve 5 adet çift girişli olmak üzere 10 farklı ağaç hacim denkleminin geliştirildiği çalışmada en başarılı denklemlerin belirlenmesi için düzeltilmiş belirtme katsayısı, ortalama hata, ortalama mutlak hata ve hata kareler ortalamasının karekökü olmak üzere 4 farklı uygunluk ölçütü kullanılmıştır. En başarılı ağaç hacim denklemlerinin yöreye uygunlukları bağımsız veri seti üzerinden Wilcoxon testi ile denetlenmiş ve çalışma alanı için uygun oldukları (p>0.05) sonucuna varılmıştır. Yöre için en başarılı bulunan ağaç hacim denklemlerinin tamamı %95’in üzerinde açıklayıcılığa sahiptir. Bunun yanında, yöre için en başarılı bulunan modellerin ortalama hataları tek ve çift girişli kabuklu hacim denklemleri için sırasıyla -0.0211 m3 ve -0.0122 m3, tek ve çift girişli kabuksuz hacim denklemleri için ise sırasıyla -0.0201 m3 ve 0.0045 m3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen başarılı denklemler kullanılarak kabuklu ve kabuksuz gövde hacim tahminleri için tek ve çift girişli ağaç hacim tabloları düzenlenmiştir.
Orman işletmelerinde pazarlama fonksiyonunun yapısı üzerine görüşler
Authors: ÖZEN Murat , ALKAN Hasan
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma pazarlamanın işletme yönetimi için önemi ve orman işletmelerindeki yapısı hakkında orman mühendislerinin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında orman işletmelerinde pazarlama fonksiyonun yapısına yönelik bazı hususlarda orman mühendisleri ile müşteri konumunda olan firmaların görüşleri de karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, literatür ve dokümantasyon analizi, gözlem, röportaj ve anket teknikleri ile toplanmıştır. İnternet üzerinden kamu ya da özel sektörde çalışmakta olan orman mühendislerine yönelik yürütülen ankete 410 kişi katılmıştır. Isparta Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nden mal satın alan firmalara yönelik anket ise 59 firma yetkilisi ile yüz yüze gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde temel istatistik testler, ki-kare testi ve Mann-Whitney U testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; pazarlama gelişim süreçlerinin ilk aşaması olan üretim anlayışı döneminin etkilerinin iyiden iyiye azaldığı ve pazarlamanın özellikle tutundurma çabaları yönünden geçmiş yıllara göre daha fazla önemsenmeye başlandığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte başta odun dışı ürün ve hizmetlere hala gereken önemin verilmemesi, orman ürünlerinin fiyatlandırılmasında ve satışında yaşanan sorunlar vb. gibi önemli eksiklikler de söz konusudur.
Abana ve Bozkurt (Kastamonu) yörelerinde kestane balı üretilen ormanların florası
Authors: YİĞİT Nurcan , SEKİ Nagihan , ÖZTÜRK PULATOĞLU Ayşe
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma Kastamonu ili Bozkurt ve Abana ilçelerinde kestane balı üretimi yapılan Anadolu Kestanesi (Castanea sativa Mill.) ormanlarının mevcut florasının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma alanında kestane dışında arıcılık için elverişli nektar ve polenli bitkiler tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucunda 63 familyaya ait 216 takson belirlenmiştir. Taksonların fitocoğrafik bölgelere göre dağılımı; 86 (%39,8)’sı Avrupa-Sibirya, 17 (%7,9)’i Akdeniz ve kalan 113 (%52,3)’ü ise geniş yayılışlı veya fitocoğrafik bölgesi bilinmeyenler şeklindedir. Çalışmada tespit edilen taksonlardan 195 (%90) adedinin arılar tarafından ziyaret edilen bitkiler olduğu saptanmıştır. Arılar tarafından nektar, polen ve propolis için ziyaret edilen bitki taksonları bakımından en zengin familyalar sırasıyla; Fabaceae (29 takson), Asteraceae (23 takson) Lamiaceae (13 takson) ve Rosaceae (11 takson)’dir.
Ormancılıkta makine öğrenmesi kullanımı
Authors: EKER Remzi , ALKİŞ Kamber Can , UÇAR Zennure , AYDIN Abdurrahim
Published: June 2023

Gelişen teknolojiyle beraber diğer disiplinlerde olduğu gibi ormancılıkta da geleneksel uygulamaların daha ekonomik, etkin, hızlı ve kolay yapılabilmesi için yenilikçi yaklaşımların kullanımına talepler ve ihtiyaçlar artmaktadır. Özellikle son dönemde ortaya çıkan ormancılık bilişimi, hassas ormancılık, akıllı ormancılık, Ormancılık (Forestry) 4.0, iklim-akıllı ormancılık, sayısal ormancılık ve ormancılık büyük verisi gibi terimler ormancılık disiplinin gündeminde yer almaya başlamıştır. Bunların neticesinde de makine öğrenmesi ve son dönemde ortaya çıkan otomatik makine öğrenmesi (AutoML) gibi modern yaklaşımların ormancılıkta karar verme süreçlerine entegre edildiği akademik çalışmaların sayısında önemli artışlar gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışma, makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarının Türkçe dilinde anlaşılırlığını daha da artırmak, yaygınlaştırmak ve ilgilenen araştırmacılar için ormancılıkta kullanımına yönelik bir kaynak olarak değerlendirilmesi amacıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Böylece çeşitli ormancılık faaliyetlerinde makine öğrenmesinin hem geçmişten günümüze nasıl kullanıldığını hem de gelecekte kullanım potansiyelini ortaya koyan bir derleme makalesinin ulusal literatüre kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Effect of Financial Inclussion and Social Influence on Community Interest in Using Financial Technology
Authors: Yuniarti Nevita , Safitri Teti Anggita
Published: June 2023

The development of world technology, especially in Indonesia, is progressing. Many new and innovative creative ideas have emerged in the field of digital technology. Currently, in the financial sector, various technological innovations have emerged that make it easier to carry out financial transactions and other financial activities carried out by the general public, commonly known as FinTech, or Financial Technology. FinTech is a very potential opportunity during COVID-19. However, there are still many people who do not understand the concept of financial inclusion, for example in the use of financial products. The Yogyakarta Financial Inclusion Index is a composite of 76.12%, conventional 75.85%, and Sharia 8.92%. Increasing financial inclusion through fintech cannot be separated from the social influence that accompanies every trend in society in the use of financial services. The type of research used is quantitative. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of financial inclusion and social influence on people's interest in using FinTech in the special region of Yogyakarta. primary data source using a primary data questionnaire with 114 respondents and e-wallet users. The results of this study indicate the influence of financial inclusion and social influence on interest in using FinTech. Because of how easy it is for people to get to and use FinTech, like e-wallets, to make transactions easier.
Penggunaan Podcast Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Yusuf Shahnaz Naura , Machawan Arsyl
Published: June 2023

Pada penelitian ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana proses dan tanggapan dari para responden terhadap penggunaan podcast sebagai media pembelajaran untuk bahasa Jepang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah 25 siswa kelas X Farmasi Klinis & Komunitas SMK Kesehatan Sadewa Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, pengisian angket, dan wawancara.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa sebagian besar siswa berpendapat dengan digunakannya podcast sebagai media pembelajaran adalah membuat mereka mudah dalam memahami materi pembelajaran. Selain itu, tanggapan pengajar terhadap penggunaan podcast dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar adalah dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran, khususnya pembelajaran jarak jauh. Hal tersebut menjelaskan bahwa podcast baik dan tepat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.
Students’ Habit in Watching English Movies and Its Correlation with their English Listening Skills
Authors: Rachmi Femalinda Anindita , Sari Mariska Intan
Published: June 2023

Improving listening skills can be done from various learning media; one of them is movies. Movies provide audio and visual, making students convey the meaning of the language while watching. One of the most difficult skills to master is listening. In order to have better skills in listening, students need learning media to improve their listening skills. This study aimed to examine the students' habit in watching English Movies at an English Language Education Department (ELED) of a Private Islamic University in Yogyakarta, the students' listening skill at the ELED of a Private Islamic University in Yogyakarta, and the correlation between the students’ habit in watching English movies and their listening skills. This research was conducted at an ELED of a Private Islamic University in Yogyakarta. Quantitative approach with correlational design was employed in this study. The study included 185 ELED Batch 2018 students and used a convenience sample technique. A questionnaire and the listening TOEFL test score were used to collect the data. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation test was used to compute and analyze the scores from both data, and SPSS v.26 was used to perform the correlation. Moreover, the result revealed that probability value was 0.389 which means that the probability value is higher than 0.05 (0.389>0.05) and it implied that alternative hypothesis was rejected. It means that there was no significant correlation between the two variables, the students’ habit in watching English movies and their listening skills. It can be inferred that if the students have a good habit in watching English movies, it does not mean that their listening skills are also good
Exploring Teacher Professional Development’s Perceptions of English Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Dinata Uray , Bukhori Muhammad , Nur’Afif Sulthon , Atmaja Bhaskara
Published: June 2023

Teacher perceptions in Teacher Professional Development are very important to make teachers more skilled in teaching, managing classes, and relating to school affairs. The experience gained from Teacher Professional Development will have a big impact on any teacher's activities, it's all because of the useful activities that have been designed in Teacher Professional Development. This study aims to find out teachers' perceptions of Teacher Professional Development and how teachers conduct during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive research in the qualitative method. The participants of this research were three junior high school English teachers from various places who had participated in Teacher Professional Developments, the schools were SMP Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta, SMP Negeri 1, 3 and 5 in Selakau, West Kalimantan. Data was collected through an Interview. Findings from this research show that there are three perceptions of a teacher towards Teacher Professional Development (TPD) such as TPD can help teachers to assist students in learning language learning theories, TPD is very helpful for developing teachers' abilities and creativity and TPD can make teachers control the classroom situation by both professionally. Furthermore, there are two ways for teachers to participate in  a certain Teacher Professional Development during the COVID-19 pandemic, TPD is done online and TPD assignments are given online. This research concludes that every teacher must participate in Teacher Professional Development because this activity brings many benefits to teachers in teaching and managing school affairs.
Fatal case of acute necrotic pancreatitis secondary to chronic abuse of acetaminophen: a case report
Authors: Racha Amarthya S. , Begum Masrath , Soumya Ashwini , Shravani Etrouth , Juveria Noor U. S.
Published: June 2023

Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic. It is also known to cause hepatotoxicity and is rarely associated with acute pancreatitis due to overdose. We report the case of a 55-year-old man with no known comorbidities, who presented with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. His medication history revealed chronic abuse of a fixed-dose combination containing 37.5 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 325 mg acetaminophen 3-6 tablets per day for over 20 years for general body pain without a specific diagnosis. He was diagnosed with acetaminophen-induced acute necrotic pancreatitis after ruling out gallstones and other factors such as alcohol consumption, and family history. Although he got discharged against medical advice, follow-up revealed that he had succumbed to his illness within 15 days. This was a fatal case of acetaminophen-induced pancreatitis due to chronic abuse for over 20 years at a dose of less than 2 g/day. This case highlights the need for periodic monitoring of patients taking acetaminophen at doses within the recommended daily dose.
Utility of paediatric logistic organ dysfunction score in predicting mortality in children admitted to PICU at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Gobbur Soujanya , Badakali Ashok , Pol Ramesh , Neelannavar Ramesh
Published: June 2023

Background: Critically ill children are typically characterized by multiple organ dysfunctions. The use of Paediatric logistic organ dysfunction-2 (PELOD-2) scoring systems has recently been replicated in the paediatric population for morbidity and mortality predictions. Objective of the study was to study the PELOD 2 score in predicting mortality in paediatric intensive care unit within 1 hour of admission.
Methods: This was prospective observational study conducted at S Nijalingappa Medical College and Hanagal Shri Kumareshwar Hospital, Bagalkot for period of 16 months. Children aged from 1 month to 14 years admitted to PICU were included in the study and patients whose parents refuse to give consent, age less than 1 month or more than 14 years, those discharged against medical advice were excluded from the study. Venous blood sample were collected within one hour of admission and were analyzed for serum creatinine, serum lactate, total leukocyte count and platelet count and arterial blood sample were collected and paO2 and paCO2 were analysed.
Results: Total sample size of study was 80, out of which 52 patients had PELOD 2 score of (<4), 14 patients had score of (5-9), 11 patients had score of (10-14) and 3 patients had score >15.Among total 80 patients 66 survived and 14 died (17.5%). Of the 14 deaths, 3 patients had PELOD 2 score of >15 and 9 had score of 10-14. Pelod-2 score >9 had requirement of mechanical ventilation in 68.4%.
Conclusions: Higher the PELOD-2 score on day 1of admission has higher the mortality.
Playing it down - effectiveness of clay therapy, origami and building blocks in the management of dental anxiety among children aged 6-10 years
Authors: Srinivasan Smrithi , Gowda Laghna , Srinivasan Ila , Haridasan Ajith Kumar , Yejaman Shilpa Sheshadri
Published: June 2023

Background: Children experience dental anxiety during their first dental visit, which affects the quality of dental treatment and gives rise to behaviour management problems. Clay, origami and building blocks have been effective in alleviating hospitalization anxiety in pediatric patients. These successful techniques in hospitalized pediatric patients have seldom been used in the dental set up. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess and compare the efficacy of clay therapy, origami and building blocks in the management of dental anxiety in children aged 6-10 years.
Methods: Sixty children aged 6-10 years, with no previous dentist exposure, with Frankl’s behaviour rating 2 or 3 having dental caries with international caries detection and assessment system (ICDAS) score 3 requiring restorations without local anesthesia were selected and divided into four groups. Group 1 – clay therapy; group 2 - building blocks; group 3 – origami; and group 4 – tell show do. Pulse rate, facial image scale (FIS) and face, leg, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) behaviour scales were used to quantify anxious behaviour. Operator compliance and parent acceptance was rated on the Likert scale.
Results: The results showed lower mean pulse rates, lower FIS and FLACC scores, and better operator compliance and parental acceptance in clay therapy, origami and building blocks groups than in the conventional tell-show-do group. The most significant reduction in all the parameters was seen in the clay therapy group.
Conclusions: Clay therapy, origami and building blocks can be used as an effective means to reduce dental anxiety in children.
Breast ultrasound diagnostic performance and outcomes for mass lesions in Dharma Yadnya general hospital in 2018-2023
Authors: Dana I. Made Bayu Surya , Atmaja I. Nyoman Teri
Published: June 2023

Background: The latest report by the world health organization and international agency for research on cancer told that the incidence and mortality of breast cancer is the most among female cancer patients.
Methods: This is descriptive study which uses medical record of 50 samples patients in Dharma Yadnya general hospital. This study include patients  at least 25 years old who presented to the Dharma Yadnya general hospital between January 2019 to March 2023 which get breast ultrasound examination and pathology examination, benign or malignant mass.
Results: In ultrasound findings, there are 43 (86%) people with benign cancer, 7 (14%) people with malignant cancer, 43 (86%) people with hipoechoic density and solid lession, 7 (14%) people with isoechoic density and cystic lession, 43 (86%) people with regular margin, 7 (14%) people with irregular margin, 43 (86%) people without lymph nodes axillary, 7 (14%) people with lymph nodes axillary, and by Doppler there are 43 (86%) people without neovascularitation inside lession and 7 (14%) people with neovascularitation inside lession. There are statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between diagnosis (benign and malignant) with age of patients, density, margin, existence of lymph nodes axillary, and neovascularitation inside the lession by doppler.
Conclusions: Breast sonography is the modality of choice for further investigation of palpable breast findings that are not clearly benign and mammographic screen-detected abnormalities.
A rare complication of a relatively common disease: periodic paralysis caused by thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Chanda Abhishek , Mandal Mainak , Sarkar Suman , Roy Nirmalya
Published: June 2023

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a sporadic form of hypo-kalemic periodic paralysis and it is most commonly presents as sudden onset weakness in the proximal muscles. It is a disorder most commonly seen in Asian men which is characterised by abrupt onset of hypo-kalemia and paralysis and it is primarily affects lower extremities and is secondary to thyrotoxicosis. It is due to an intracellular shift of potassium induced by thyroid hormone sensitisation of Na/K ATPase rather than depletion of total potassium. The absence of a family history, male predilection and, presentation in second to fourth decade of life and signs of thyrotoxicosis and sinus tachycardia help in the diagnosis of the disorder. The age of onset is later and corresponded with age of incidence of thyrotoxicosis. It is very essential to diagnose TPP early and treat appropriately.
Fârâbî’nin Yetkinlik Metafiziği Açısından Kelâm
Authors: KALYONCU Rıza Tevfik
Published: June 2023

Bu makalede Fârâbî metafiziğinin genel yapısı içerisinde kelâm ilminin konumu incelenmektedir. Makale iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci kısımda Fârâbî’nin yetkinleşme düşüncesi çerçevesinde metafiziğin pozisyonu üzerinde durulmaktadır. İkinci kısımda ise Fârâbî’nin el-İbâne ʿan ġarażi Arisṭoṭâlîs fî kitâbi mâ baʿde’ṭ-ṭabîʿa eserinin yakın bir okuması yapılmakta ve Fârâbî’nin mille teorisi dahilinde kelâm ilminin nazarîliği ile ilgili yaklaşımı analiz edilmektedir. Makalede yetkinleşme ve anlam teorilerinin Fârâbî’nin felsefesindeki genel konumu irdelenmeksizin bu iki teorinin Fârâbî’nin metafizik ve kelâm ile ilgili analizlerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmaktadır. Makalede Fârâbî metafiziğinin onun yetkinleşme ve anlam teorileri arka planında değerlendirilmesi gerektiği düşüncesi, konuyla ilgili ikincil literatür dikkate alınarak irdelenmektedir. Bu iddiaya delil olarak Fârâbî’nin felsefî ilimleri aklî yetkinleşmenin basamakları olarak tarif etmesi ele alınmaktadır. Özellikle Taḥṣîlü’s-saʿâde, Risâle fi’l-‘aḳl ve Kitâbü’l-Ḥurûf eserlerindeki ilgili pasajların yakın bir okuması yapılarak Fârâbî’nin yetkinleşme ve anlam teorilerinin metafizik ile ilgili analizlerinin arka planını nasıl oluşturduğu filozofun argümanları üzerinden açıklanmaktadır.

Diğer taraftan makalede el-İbâne eserinin Fârâbî’nin metafizik kurgusu içerisinde nasıl değerlendirilmesi gerektiği yetkinleşme ve anlam teorilerinin bu eserdeki uzanımları aktarılmaktadır. Bu eser ile ilgili olarak ikincil literatürde farklı yorumlar yapılmıştır. Makalede bu yorumlar bağlamında Fârâbî’nin yetkinleşme ve anlam teorileri çerçevesinde eserin metafizik ilminin mahiyeti ile ilgili kısımları analiz edilmektedir. Zira Fârâbî açısından aklî yetkinleşmenin son basamağını oluşturan metafizik aynı zamanda en yüksek ilimdir. Bu durum Fârâbî’nin “nazar-ı ilâhî” kavramıyla birçok kez ifade edilmektedir. Kelâm bu çerçevede aklî yetkinleşme içerisinde ortaya çıkmayan bir ilim olması nedeniyle metafizik olma vasfı kazanamaz. Yetkinleşme teorisinin Fârâbî’nin metafizik ve kelâm ile ilgili düşüncelerine etkisi konu ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda ifade edilmektedir. Bu makalede ise yetkinleşme ve anlam teorileri metafiziğin ve kelâm ilminin konumu ile ilgili olarak el-İbâne eserindeki pasajlar üzerinden tahlil edilmektedir. Fârâbî’nin bu eserindeki ilâhî ilim ve metafizik arasındaki ayrımı araştırmacılar arasında tartışma konusu olmuştur. Makale metafiziğin yetkinleşme ve anlam teorilerinin Fârâbî'nin küllî ilim yaklaşımını etkilediği üzerinde durmaktadır. Makalenin son bölümünde Fârâbî'nin mille teorisi anlam teorisi zemininde ele alınmaktadır. Bu amaçla makalede, Fârâbî’nin felsefenin bir kopyası ya da benzeri olarak mille düşüncesinin, kelâm ilmini sözel anlam alanı ile felsefî anlam alanı arasında hareket eden bir ara ilim haline getirdiği ileri sürülmektedir.
Mütekaddimûn Dönemi Kelâmcılarının Ruh Anlayışının Modern Bilimde Bir Karşılığı Var mı?
Authors: ÖDEMİŞ Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Genelde insanın mahiyeti özelde ise ruhun varlığı ve mahiyeti konusu, düşünce tarihi boyunca tartışılagelmiştir. İnsan, bilen özne olarak önce kendini tanımaya çalışmıştır. Bu sorgulamayı yaparken sadece fenomenal varlığını (bedenini) değil, orada bir yerde olduğundan şüphe etmediği manevi kimliğini de merak etmiştir. Bu merak; anatomiden fizyolojiye, ilm-i ruhtan felsefeye, tıptan sosyolojiye, biyolojiden nörobiyolojiye, psikolojiden nöropsikolojiye, kimyadan nörokimyaya kadar uzanan bilimsel bir yolculuğun tahrik gücünü meydana getirmiştir. Sonunda her uygarlığın kendi bilimsel ve felsefi birikimine uygun olarak çeşitli insan tasavvurları geliştirilmiştir. İnsanlığa mâl olmuş kadim düşünce geleneği, insanı kahir ekseriyette düalist bir tanıma dahil etmiştir. Modern bilimle birlikte insanı fizik olarak incelemek için geliştirilen pek çok aygıtın sağladığı imkanlarla sayısız veriye ulaşılmış, bu veriler insanın fizik ve metafizik veçhesiyle nasıl bir varlık olduğunu anlamada büyük yararlılıklar sağlamıştır. Bununla birlikte doğal dünyaya ve onun bir parçası olan insana dair bilgimiz artıkça bakış açıları paradigmatik değişimlere zorlanmıştır. Bilimsel bilgiyle koşut bir şekilde gelişen ve değişen felsefi akımlar, dinin özellikle Batı dünyasında gerilemesi, bilginin yorumlanmasındaki hâkim modelleri geriletmiştir. İnsan nosyonları da bu büyük tagayyürden payını kaçınılmaz olarak almıştır. Eylemlerin arkasındaki özne, bedenden/beyinden ayrı/bağımsız ve bütünüyle otonom ve rasyonel midir? Yoksa çağdaş sinir bilimin öne sürdüğü gibi bedenden/beyinden ya da onun işlevselliğinden mi ibarettir? Bu uyumlu işlevsellik bütünüyle ya da kısmen doğal nedenselliğe bağlı olarak mı gerçekleşmektedir? İnsanı insan yapan bir öz veya ayırt edici bir özellik var mıdır? Varsa bu öz/özellik fiziksel midir yoksa fizik ötesi bir töz müdür? Bu sorulara ilk dönem kelâmcılarının hangi çerçevede ne cevap verdiği; daha çok dinî bilgi, kısmen dönemin tıp bilgisi ve büyük oranda mantıksal akıl yürütme ekseninde geliştirilen hipotezlerin çağdaş bilimin ileri sürdüğü insan ve ruh tarifleriyle ne oranda örtüştüğü meselesi, makalenin ana konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Özetle bu çalışma; süregelen kadim soruşturmanın iki önemli evresi olarak gördüğümüz, ilk dönem kelâmcılarının ruh teorileriyle güncel bilimsel veriler arasındaki paralellikleri ve yaklaşım benzerliklerini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Zira akültürasyon sürecine bağlı dönüşümün düşünce üzerinde belirleyici güç hâline gelmediği kelâmın ilk döneminde (mütekaddimûn) serdedilen fikirlerin daha orijinal ve değerli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Problemin temel kavramları arasında yer alan ruh, nefs, zihin, benlik ve bilincin tanımları hakkında kısa bilgiler verildikten sonra erken dönem Mu‘tezilî ve Ehl-i Sünnet mütefekkirlerinin konuya ilişkin düşünceleri güncel verilerle karşılaştırmalı olarak aktarılmıştır. Araştırma boyunca elde edilen veriler, analitik ve semantik tahlillere tabi tutularak sağlıklı bir tasvirî çıkarım yapılmaya gayret edilmiştir.
Kelâmın Felsefîleşme Süreci
Authors: İBİŞ Fatih
Published: June 2023

Eş‘arî kelâm tarihinde bilinen yaygın dönemlendirme İbn Haldûn’un Gazzâlî üzerinden yaptığı mütekaddim ve müteahhir kelâmcılar ayırımıdır. Kimileri bunu yapay ve gerçeği yansıtmayan bir dönemlendirme olarak değerlendirse de biz bunun böyle olduğunu düşünmüyoruz. Bu dönemleri tam olarak birbirinden ayıran şeylerin neler olduğu, yeni dönemde ne türden büyük farklılıklar ve değişikliklerin yaşandığı bilinmeden dönemlendirmenin mantığını ve gereğini anlamak ve anlamlandırmak pek mümkün görünmüyor. İki dönemin kelâm faaliyetini ayrıştıran en önemli faktör kuşkusuz ikinci döneme damgasını vuran felsefedir. Felsefenin müteahhir dönem üzerinde çok ciddi etkilerinin olduğu muhakkaktır. Müteahhir dönem Eş‘arî kelâmcıların felsefeyle kurduğu doğrudan ilişki kelâmda yaşanan pek çok değişikliğe kaynaklık etmiştir. Bu değişiklikler kelâmda yöntem anlayışından tanım teorisine, delil kullanımından doğa, akıl ve nefis teorilerine, en önemlisi de fâil-i muhtar Tanrı tasavvurundan imkan-vücup metafiziğine, cevher-arazdan metafiziğin başat konusu umûr-i âmmeye kadar pek çok alanda kendini göstermiştir. En nihayet Gazzâlî ile başlayan ve Fahreddin er-Râzî ile tekâmül eden süreçte yaşanan değişiklikler kelâmı felsefîleşmenin eşiğine getirmiş, süreç sonunda kelâm tümel (metafizik) bir disipline dönüşmüştür. Bu durum doğal olarak metafizik düşünce ile kelâmî düşüncenin iç içe geçmesine sebebiyet vermiştir. Kelâmın en şerefli, en yüce ilim olduğundan bahsetmek başka, onun tümel olduğunu ortaya koymak daha başkadır. Gazzâlî bu bağlamda kelâm ilmini ilk defa dinî tümel bir disiplin olarak ilan ve ikame etmiştir. Bu ikame aslında felsefî/metafiziksel bir anlam ve mesajı barındırır. Gazzâlî’nin kelâmı tümel olarak nitelemesi, kelâm için disipliner anlamda kuşatıcılığı ve önceliğiyle hem ait olduğu alanın ilimlerine hem de kendi dışındaki ilimlere karşı bir meydan okuma olarak yorumlanabilir. Unutulmamalıdır ki kelâm bir yandan felsefeyle, metafizikle yüzleşip hesaplaşırken, inceleme alanına aldığı konularla tümelleşirken bir yandan da ait olduğu ve temsil ettiği dinî karakterini muhafaza etmekle yükümlüdür. Kelâmın felsefe karşısındaki konumunu felsefede varlıktan bilgiye, mebdeden meâda, âlemden Tanrı’ya nüfuz alanı alabildiğine geniş ve etkin olan, zaman zaman haricî/aynî varlığın önüne geçen zihnî varlık düşüncesinin gücünü ve etkisini kırmaya yönelik bir direnç olarak tanımlamak mümkündür. Son tahlilde kelâm genelde dışa dönük bir hakikate sahip tüm varlıkların, özelde Tanrı ve insanın zihnî varlık kategorisine indirgenmesine karşı çıkmakta ve varlıkların zihin dışındaki ontolojik bütünlüklerini, gerçeklik ve etkinlik alanlarını korumaya çalışmaktadır. Kelâmın felsefeyle kurduğu yoğun temas aslında varlığı bir bütün halinde görme ve değerlendirme çabasının, inanç sistemiyle düşünce sistemi arasında bir muvafakat kurma kaygısının sonucudur.
Prof. Dr. Seyit Bahcıvan Hocamın Ardından (1952-2023)
Authors: KAPLAN Doğan
Published: June 2023

Bu yazı bir vefeyat yazısıdır. İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi Anabilim Dalı, alanımızın duayeni Hasan Onat'ın 2020 yılındaki kaybından sonra 2022 yılında Sıddık Korkmaz'ın vefatıyla şok yaşamış 2023 yılında ise Seyit Bahcıvan'ın beklenmedik ölümüyle adeta yaprak dökümü yaşamıştır. Bahcıvan, ilim tahsili için İstanbul ve Mekke'de uzun yıllar kaldıktan sonra Konya'ya dönüp hizmetini memleketinde sürdürmüştür. İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi alanındaki önemli eserlerin edisyon kritiklerini yapmak suretiyle ilim dünyasına büyük katkılar sağlamıştır. İstanbul'daki ilim hayatı içerisinde Muhammed Emin Saraç Hocaefendi'nin büyük bir yeri vardır. Bİr taraftan Yüksek İslam Enstitüsüne devam eden Bahcıvan, 6 yıl boyunca Saraç Hoca'nın Camii derslerine devam ederek ondan birçok kitap okumuştur. Hocasının himmetleriye Mekke'ye giden Bahcıvan yurda döndükten sonra hocasından tevarüs ettiği ders okutma geleneğini Konya'da sürdürmüş, yıllarca fakülte derslerinin yanı sıra çeşitli sivil toplum kuruluşlarında öğrencilere kitap okutmuştur. Hocasından gördüğünü işleyen Bahcıvan, ölümünden yaklaşık bir ay öncesine kadar bu fahri derslere devam etmiştir.
Association of Interleukin-2 Gene Polymorphism with Henoch-schönlein Purpura Nephritis
Authors: Cao Jiajia , Zhang Junfeng , Xu Hui , Li Wei , Shi Jianrong , Ye Qing
Published: June 2023

Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is a common vasculitis that mostly affects children, and previous studies have indicated that genetic factors may influence disease susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible association of three interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene polymorphisms (rs3136534, rs2069776, and rs2069762) with HSPN in the Chinese population.
A total of 81 patients with HSPN and 200 healthy children were enrolled. The distribution of genotypes, allelic frequencies, and haplotype frequencies among the three IL-2 polymorphisms were analyzed using the Sequenom MassARRAY system by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry method.
Compared to the healthy controls, genotyping analysis demonstrated rs3136534 was associated with a decreased HSPN risk in the dominant inheritance model (G/T+T/T vs. G/G; OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31–0.93). However, the frequency of the T allele and haplotypes of rs3136534 showed no statistical significance. For the frequency of genotype, allele, and haplotype of the rs2069776 and rs20697622 polymorphisms, no significant differences were observed between HSPN patients and controls.
Our results suggest that the rs3136534 polymorphism of the IL-2 gene is associated with susceptibility to HSPN in Chinese children.
Functional Performance and Community Reintegration of Chronic Post-stroke Survivors in Eastern India
Authors: Mohakud Kshanaprava , Das Sakti Prasad , Sahoo Surjeet , Sahu Samir
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Stroke is the primary cause of functional dependency in daily activities leading to disability of the individual. It becomes an economic burden for the person and society. Post-stroke management in rehabilitation gives more emphasis on improving functional performance. The improvement in functional activities of post-stroke survivors makes them independent in their daily activities at home but, still an impediment exists to participate in society and reintegrating into the community. The objective of the study is to find the association of community reintegration with the functional performance of one-year post-stroke survivors in eastern India and to compare their functional independence, community reintegration, and participation in instrumental daily living activities between stroke affection side and stroke subtype of the study group.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on post-stroke survivors between 30 and 60 years of age without sex barrier. Ninety-four patients (mean age 54.38±12.06) were recruited for the study. The outcome was measured by the community integration questionnaire (CIQ), Lawton instrumental activities of daily living (LIADL), and functional independence measure (FIM).
Results: Spearman rank order correlation was used and found a significant positive correlation persists between FIM to CIQ as the r=0.565 (P=0.01, 95% CI, -0.40%-0.70%) and LIADL  to CIQ r=0.687 (P=0.01, 95% CI, -0.55%-0.79%) FIM to LIADL r=0.532 (P=0.01, 95% CI,
-0.36%-0.67%). Mann-Whitney U test was done to compare FIM, LIADL, and CIQ between stroke affection side (right vs left) and stroke sub-type (ischemic vs haemorrhagic), and no significant difference was found.
Conclusion: Functional independence, instrumental activities of daily living, and community reintegration are associated with each other. Hence, community reintegration should be incorporated into stroke rehabilitation to maintain a meaningful life as a part of society and family.
Lost Ethnic Borders in Ethnopharmacological Research
Authors: Mohagheghzade Abdolali , Amiri-Ardekani Ehsan
Published: June 2023

he Article Abstract is not available.
Effect of Squill Oxymel on Knee Osteoarthritis: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Taheri Mojtaba , Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Emami Meybodi Mohammad Kazem , Ahmadian-Attari Mohammad Mahdi , Esmaeili Somayeh , Mokaberinejad Roshanak
Published: June 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a major health problem in the society. Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) or Persian Medicine (PM) as a branch of complementary medicine has been practiced in Iran for many centuries. An herbal medication known as squill oxymel has been used by PM physicians for OA. Our aim is to investigate the effect of squill oxymel on OA of the knee joint. Eighty eight patients were assigned to receive a placebo or squill oxymel syrup (10 ml each morning on empty stomach) for 8 consecutive weeks. Acetaminophen tablets were considered as the rescue medicine. Ultimately, 43 patients in the placebo group and 40 patients in the treatment group completed the trial and were included in the statistical analysis. Patients were followed for 4 weeks after cessation of treatment. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were considered as the main outcome measures. Laboratory tests including AST, ALT, BUN, Cr plus inflammatory tests including WBC, ESR, and CRP with specific tests i.e. interleukin 6 (IL6) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) at the beginning and the end of intervention were measured. The results showed the positive effect of treatment on the outcome of knee pain (p=0.04) and daily activity (p=0.01) of KOOS after Cessation of treatment. On the other hand, VAS decreased in both treatment and placebo groups; while it showed significance intra-group and showed no significance between the two groups. After 4 weeks of cessation of treatment, the positive effect of the squill oxymel on the treatment group continued in some of the subscales of KOOS, including symptoms, knee pain and daily activities, but stopped in the placebo group. In general, both clinically and statistically significant improvement was observed after cessation of treatment. Squill oxymel syrup showed promising results in management of knee OA but future researches with larger sample size and longer duration are necessary.
Anti –Inflammatory Effect of Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Urtica pilulifera L. Seed in Rats
Authors: Abbassian Alireza , Massoud Ahmad , Naseri Mohsen , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Mohseni-Moghaddam Parvaneh , Emadi Fatemeh , Zargaran Arman
Published: June 2023

Wide range of acute and chronic inflammatory ailments, side effects of their available therapies and incomplete treatment of such patients push the researches to find new and more effective drugs. To reach this aim, in the current study, we evaluate Urtica pilulifera L. (family Urticaceae) as an introduced traditional herb for treatment of inflammation in Persian Medicine (PM). In an animal study, Anti-inflammatory effects of U. pilulifera were assessed in formalin-induced hind paw edema in rats. Sodium salicylate (300 mg/kg, i.p., SS) injection was used as a positive control drug and compared with methanolic extract of U. pilulifera (20 mg/kg; i.p.) (MUP), three different doses of aqueous extract of U. pilulifera (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; i.p.) (AUP) and a group of distilled water (6 mL/kg; i.p.). As acute anti-inflammatory effect, AUP in doses 40 and 80 mg/kg decreased edema significantly (p<0.05). In chronic anti-inflammatory response, results indicated that all AUP doses had anti-inflammatory effects (p <0.05) with no significant difference with SS group. In conclusion, AUP had anti-inflammatory effects on both acute and chronic edema; while MUP was only effective in chronic inflammation.
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. from Spice to Pharma: Recent Advances in Its Medicinal Value, Bioactivities, and Perspectives
Authors: Debnath Shilpa , Kumar Hardik , Sharma Alok
Published: June 2023

Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (F. vulgare) belongs to the family Apiaceae with numerous medicinal and traditional applications. It has been widely used in South Asia as an important ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of many ailments. This plant of F. vulgare, including the seeds, leaves, aerial part and fruits, has been found to contain diverse phytochemicals, including anethole, fenchone, limonene, estragole, and p-coumaric acid with various bioactivities. In particular, anethole and fenchone as the chief bioactives isolated from F. vulgare, have been proven to possess notable antioxidant, antitumor, carminative, diuretic, and galactagogue effects and is useful in amenorrhoea, dental decay and irritable bowel syndrome. This review summarizes the botanical activitis, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of F. vulgare, along with the clinical studies to serve as the basis for further research and development on this medicinal plant.
“ANTI-LULLABY” BY A.P. CHEKHOV “I WANT TO SLEEP”
Authors: Raikova Irina N.
Published: June 2023

This article presents the folklorist's view of the famous story by A.P. Chekhov “I want to Sleep” (1988), reveals his biographical and folklore-ethnographic contexts, shows his connection with the social institute of nanny girls and autobiographical memoirs about this experience. Special attention is paid to the deep connection of the story with the tradition of a lullaby, common motifs and images of the author's work and folklore songs are revealed, the so-called “mortal” lullabies – songs with a wish for the imminent death of the baby, the image of his funeral. If in the “mortal” lullabies death was replaced by sleep, then in the story “I want to sleep” the young nurse replaced the baby's sleep with his death, setting such an incredibly high price for the opportunity to sleep soundly. It is suggested that the “mortal” lullabies, having arisen as a magical act of deceiving death, were distributed, supported among hired nannies, responding to their soulful requests. On the other hand, it is concluded that the descriptions of funerals and commemorations are smoothly logically and poetically summed up by adult threats addressed to a child, including deadly ones. A modern parody version of the “scary” lullaby is presented. The analysis once again confirms the special, implicit folklorism as a property of the poetics of the writer's creativity. Chekhov's story is presented as an artistic imitation of an unsuccessful lullaby.
DIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF DERIVATIVE DICTIONARY FOR MORPHEME AND DERIVATIVE SKILL-BUILD ACTIVITIES AMONG BASIC SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Khomenko Elena V.
Published: June 2023

The paper substantiates the importance to build the strong and conscious morpheme and derivative skill among basic school students. The author identifies and analyzes the main approaches to describe the Russian morpheme and derivative system, reveals and discloses the wide educational and developing potential of the derivative dictionary (in particular, ‘School Russian derivative dictionary’ by A. N. Tikhonov) to build of the studied skills. She presents two exercise groups with support the derivative dictionary, gives some task formulations of these exercises.
La democracia digital en la gobernanza local
Authors: Sánchez-Huertas Luis Fernando , Martínez Garbiras María Margarita
Published: June 2023

La propuesta de la democracia digital de hacer posible la democracia deliberativa en países con poblaciones enormes y con geografías y distancias complejas, sigue siendo por ahora una apuesta teórica. Sin embargo, a escala local y de manera desagregada se podrían evidenciar importantes logros de la democracia digital en espacios y momentos que son vitales en la construcción de escenarios democráticos locales.
Global and European Foreign Trade during the COVID–19 Pandemic
Authors: Wysokińska Zofia
Published: June 2023

The article aims to answer the following questions: 1) How has the European Union’s international trade developed in terms of goods and geography in the last two years, and to what extent has it been resilient to the effects of the COVID–19 pandemic? 2) To what extent has the ambitious path to the development of the digital economy, including the particularly dynamic development of e‑commerce in recent years, contributed to reducing the negative effects of the COVID–19 pandemic? The results of the research show that the global economy experienced a huge decline in trade in goods and services during the COVID–19 pandemic: World trade in goods fell by 7.4% in 2020, which means that global exports amounted to USD 17.6 trillion, i.e., USD 1.4 trillion less than in the previous year. It was the largest annual decline since the 2009 recession, when trade fell by 22%. However, a much stronger decline was recorded in world trade in services, which in 2020 shrank by 20% compared to 2019. During the COVID–19 pandemic, the dynamic development of global e‑commerce was noted. According to the data presented in the UNCTAD report of May 3, 2021, global e‑commerce increased to USD 26.7 billion. Business‑to‑business (B2B) sales dominate in e‑commerce. E‑commerce accounts for 30% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP) and covers both business‑to‑business (B2B) and business‑to‑consumer (B2C) sales.
Two Case Examples of Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Hoarding Disorder
Authors: Stanton Colin H. , Worden Blaise
Published: June 2023

The application of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for hoarding disorder (HD) is described. We describe the components of CBT for HD and provide examples of how this treatment was implemented with two individuals at our clinic, one in group treatment and the other in individual therapy. These case examples are used to highlight a process of troubleshooting common barriers to treatment, enhancing motivation, creating structure, and assessing treatment progress. We compare the group and individual treatment for HD and discuss the pros and cons of each approach. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of in-session practice, accountability and clear expectations, and realistic goal-setting across individual and group treatment. Finally, based on the cases included here, we highlight the need for additional research to extend CBT for HD (e.g., additional modules to help family members support a loved one in treatment for HD).