bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioactive Compounds in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Current Approaches and Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Kotturu Sandeep K. , Uddandrao Veera V.S. , Ghosh Sudip , Parim Brahmanaidu
Published: April 2020

Background:

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM) has an adverse effect on health and occurs
with or without concurrent vascular disease. Although several pathological mechanisms have been
implicated in DCM, oxidative stress is widely thought to be the foremost cause for DCM pathogenesis.

Objective:

In this review, we focused on the role of bioactive compounds from different sources such
as plant and marine products in cardiomyopathy.

Results:

Natural Products (NPs) and their constituents were traditionally considered implausible as
therapeutic agents. In the last few decades, studies on the use of NPs in the pharmaceutical field have
reduced due to problems such as the requirement of compatibility of conventional NP extract libraries
with high-throughput selection. The characteristics of NP structures such as high chemical variety,
biochemical specificity, and other molecular properties that make them favorable as direct structures
for drug synthesis and that distinguish them from combinatorial and synthetic compound libraries
have been documented since ancient times.

Conclusion:

Consequently, the aim of this review was to provide an overview on the recent progress
and development of bioactive compounds in DCM and to focus on the cellular mechanisms underlying
cardiomyocyte dysfunction in their therapeutic targets.
Review on Main Drive Torsional Vibration and Roller Coupling Vibration of Rolling Mill
Authors: Fan Xiao Bin , Zhao Bin , Jiang Yu , Fan Bing Xu
Published: April 2020

Background:

Rolling mill vibration has become one of the most widespread and unsolved
problems in the rolling industry, which is called "Ghost" vibration. The research on the starting
mechanism, vibration characteristics and vibration suppression measures of high-speed tandem
rolling mill has always been a hotspot and difficult point in the field of rolling at home and abroad.
However, up to now, the research on rolling mill vibration has not formed a relatively complete and
widely accepted theoretical system, experimental means and solutions. In production, vibration is
often controlled by experience and test, which has a high cost and low efficiency.

Methods:

In this paper, the research history and achievements of vibration phenomena, vibration
mechanism, the stability of the rolling process and vibration control theory of high-speed tandem
rolling mill in recent years are summarized. The aim is to reveal the mechanism of rolling mill vibration
in the continuous rolling process, the mechanism of rolling mill non-linear vibration instability
and its changing law, and to explore the optimization of rolling process and the control method
of rolling mill structure so as to improve the rolling process.

Results:

The evolution of non-linear random torsional / bending vibration and its transfer mechanism
to the space coupling vibration of the roll system, the unsteady dynamic friction characteristics
of the rolling interface and the mechanism of induced roll chatter, and the non-linear random dynamic
behavior of the space coupling vibration of the roll system are revealed.

Conclusion:

The stability of the rolling process can realize the research and development of highend
products considering the stability of the rolling process, and also provide a reference for further
research by industry experts.
Evaluation of Sexual Dimorphism with Mandibular Parameters by Digital Panoramic Radiography
Authors: Ostovar Rad Farzaneh , Javanshir Bahareh , Nemati Somayeh , Khaksari Farnoosh , Mansoori Raheleh , Ranjzad Hadi , Shokri Abbas
Published: April 2020

Introduction:

Sex determination is the first step of personal identification in the field of forensics and is essential for reconstructive profiling. The skull appears to be the most reliable part of the skeleton, apart from the pelvis, in sex determination. Tooth and bone are used as a key tool for personal identification due to their high resistance to decomposition and degradation. The present study aimed to evaluate the sexual dimorphism with mandibular parameters by digital panoramic radiography.

Materials and Methods:

In this analytical-descriptive study, the mandibular parameters in 315 females and 217 males, including the ramus height, the coronoid height, the mental height, the mandible body height, the minimum width of the ramus, the distance between the right and left gonial angle, the distance between the right and left condyle and the distance between the right and left coronoid, were measured in the panoramic radiography via SCANORA software. Discriminant function and canonical regression methods were used to determine the predictability of mandibular parameters in sexual dimorphism. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

All parameters were statistically significant between genders (P<0.05). The mean of all parameters, except the gonial angle, in males, was higher than that of the female. Percentage of correctly classified in discriminant function based on the central and right side and left side dimorphic parameters of the mandible is 82.5% and 82.9%, respectively.

Conclusion:

According to the present study, panoramic radiography can be considered as a valuable tool in sex determination (with an accuracy of 82.5%), and all parameters of mandible had sexual dimorphism and showed that they are reliable parameters with a total accuracy of 82.5% in the sexual dimorphism.
Effects of Traditional Strength Training Versus Jump Training on Muscular Fitness among Physically Inactive and Sedentary Young Adults
Authors: Torres-Banduc Maximiliano A. , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , García-Pinillos Felipe , García-Hermoso Antonio , Moran Jason , Jerez-Mayorga Daniel
Published: April 2020

Background:

The effects of Traditional Resistance Training (TRT) and Plyometric Jump Training (PJT) had never been compared in participants that are both sedentary and physically inactive. Results derived from such research may allow important practical applications.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 4-weeks of TRT versus PJT programs on the muscular fitness of sedentary and physically inactive participants.

Methods:

Baseline and follow-up tests included the assessment of Squat Jump (SJ), Countermovement Jump (CMJ), elastic index, and maximal strength of the knee extensors (MVS). Males and females (age range, 18-29 years) were randomly assorted into a control group (CG, n=11), TRT (n=8), and PJT groups (n=9). The TRT program emphasized slow-speed movements with free weights. The PJT program emphasized high-speed jump movements without external loads. Both TRT and PJT sessions lasted 30-minutes. Dependent variables were analyzed in separate three (Groups) × two (Time: pre, post) ANOVA, with Bonferroni-adjusted α (p<0.05).

Results:

Main effects of time (all p<0.05) were observed for SJ (ηp2 = 0.51), CMJ (ηp2 = 0.33), and MVS (ηp2 = 0.33). Post-hoc analyses revealed similar significant (all p<0.05) improvements in the TRT and PJT groups for SJ (∆, 95%CL, 9.0-22.5%), CMJ (∆, 95%CL, 11.7-24.4%), and MVS (∆, 95%CL, 5.8-21.3%). No significant changes were observed in the control group. No changes were observed for the elastic index.

Conclusion:

In otherwise healthy participants that are both physically inactive and sedentary, both TRT and PJT protocols are equally effective in improving the muscular fitness.
Effect of Umbelliprenin on Antinociceptive Activity of Morphine in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain Induced by Chronic Constriction Injury of the Sciatic Nerve
Authors: Nazemi Samad , Jafari Faranak , Amin Bahareh , Gholami Omid , Kafami Marzieh , Mojadadi Mohammad-Shafi
Published: April 2020

Objective:

Although morphine is among of the first line medicines for treatment of neuropathic pain, evidence has shown that the morphine efficacy gradually decreases and a tolerance can occur. Rregarding the many reports concerning the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of umbelliprenin (UMB), this study aimed to investigate the effect of UMB on antinociceptive activity of morphine in a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve.

Methods:

Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, CCI and CCI + UMB100
(100 μg UMB per rat) groups. UMB was intrathecally administered once daily for four consecutive
days (from the day before surgery until day 2 after surgery). All the animals received a single dose
of morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) on day 14. To evaluate the effect of UMB on antinociceptive activity of
morphine, allodynia and hyperalgesia were measured using the von-Frey and hot plate tests, before
and 30 min after morphine injection and the Percentage of Maximum Possible Effect (%MPE) was
calculated. Besides, the expression and concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as a
proinflammatory cytokine, was measured in the spinal cord using quantitative real-time PCR (RTPCR)
and ELISA, respectively.

Results:

UMB significantly enhanced anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of morphine in the
neuropathic animals. Moreover, UMB considerably downregulated TNF-α expression in the spinal
cord of the animals.

Conclusion:

UMB can enhance the antinociceptive effects of morphine, and this action may be partially
due to its anti-inflammatory property.
Analysis on the Penetration Level of Wind Farm Considering Transient Stability Constraint and Uncertainty of Wind Power
Authors: Hao Bai , Andi Huang , Changcheng Zhou
Published: April 2020

Background:

The penetration level of a wind farm with transient stability constraint and
static security constraint has been a key problem in wind power applications.

Objective:

The study explores maximum penetration level problem of wind considering transient
stability constraint and uncertainty of wind power out, based on credibility theory and corrected
energy function method.

Methods:

According to the corrected energy function, the transient stability constraint of the power
grid is transferred to the penetration level problem of a wind farm. Wind speed forecast error is
handled as a fuzzy variable to express the uncertainty of wind farm output. Then this paper builds a
fuzzy chance-constrained model to calculate wind farm penetration level. To avoid inefficient
fuzzy simulation, the model is simplified to a mixed integer linear programming model.

Results:

The results validate the proposed model and investigate the influence of grid-connection
node, wind turbine characteristic, fuzzy reliability index, and transient stability index on wind farm
penetration level.

Conclusion:

The result shows that the model proposed in this study can consider the uncertainty of
wind power out and establish a quantitative transient stability constraint to determine the wind farm
penetration level with a certain fuzzy confidence level.
Hubungan kemampuan koneksi matematika, rasa ingin tahu dan self-efficacy dengan kemampuan penalaran matematika
Authors: Hadiat Hanifah Latifah , Karyati Karyati
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan kemampuan koneksi matematika, rasa ingin tahu, dan self-efficacy dengan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex post facto. Populasi penelitian mencakup seluruh siswa kelas X di Kabupaten Brebes. Sampel adalah 362 siswa yang berasal dari enam sekolah di Kabupaten Brebes ditentukan dengan stratified propotional random sampling technique. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes dan angket dengan skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis linier ganda dan analisis korelasi parsial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan koneksi matematis, rasa ingin tahu, dan self-efficacy secara bersama-sama berhubungan dengan kemampuan penalaran matematika siswa SMA, dimana kontribusi yang diberikan sebesar 46,3%, serta persamaan regresi yang diperoleh yaitu Y = 0,97 + 0,422X1 + 0,059 X2 + 0,041 X3. Hubungan antara kemampuan koneksi matematis (X1) dengan kemampuan penalaran (Y) dengan kontribusi sebesar 23,27%. Hubungan antara rasa ingin tahu (X2) dengan kemampuan penalaran dengan kontribusi sebesar 3,59%. Hubungan antara self-efficacy (X3) dengan kemampuan penalaran dengan kontribusi sebesar 1,81%. Relationship between mathematical connection ability, curiosity, and self-efficacy with mathematical reasoning abilityAbstractThis study aimed to describe the relationship between mathematical connection ability, curiosity, and self-efficacy and the mathematical reasoning ability of senior high school students. This study was a quantitative ex post facto study. The population comprised all tenth-grade students of senior high school in Brebes District, Indonesia. The sample was 362 students from six schools that were established using the stratified proportional random sampling technique. The data were collected through a test and Likert-scale questionnaires. The data were analyzed using multiple regression and partial correlation analysis. The results showed that mathematical connection ability, curiosity, and self-efficacy, as an aggregate correlated with mathematical reasoning ability, with a contribution of 46,3% obtained by the regression model Y = 0.97 + 0.422X1 + 0.059 X2 + 0.041 X3. The relationship between mathematical connection and mathematical reasoning ability with the contribution of 23.27%. The relationship between curiosity and mathematical reasoning ability with the contribution of 3.59%.  The relationship between self-efficacy and mathematical reasoning ability with the contribution of 1.81%.
Temporal Dynamics of Treatment Receipt in a Text Message Intervention for Physical Activity: Single-Group, Within-Person Trial
Authors: Conroy David E , Yang Chih-Hsiang , Lanza Stephanie T , Smyth Joshua M , Lagoa Constantino M
Published: April 2020

Background

Mobile technology has increased the reach of health behavior interventions but raised new challenges in assessing the fidelity of treatment receipt. Fidelity can be compromised if participant fatigue or burden reduces engagement, leading to missed or delayed treatments for just-in-time interventions.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of text message receipt confirmations.

Methods

Community-dwelling adults (N=10) were sent five text messages daily for 4 months (5598 messages sent in total), with a financial incentive to confirm receipt of 75% or more messages.

Results

Overall, the message receipt confirmation rate was very high (5504/5598, 98.32%) and timely (eg, two-thirds of confirmations within 2 min). Confirmation times were slightly slower on weekends (vs weekdays) and as a function of the cumulative time in the study. Neither time of message delivery nor message content was associated with message confirmation latencies.

Conclusions

Participants receiving financial incentives to confirm text message receipt exhibit extremely high and fast confirmation rates, although receipt confirmations were somewhat less timely on weekends (vs weekdays) and later in the intervention. The social calendar and treatment fatigue should be considered when planning text message–based interventions, especially if treatments are intended for a just-in-time delivery that requires extended engagement and precise timing.
Usability of a Consumer Health Informatics Tool Following Completion of a Clinical Trial: Focus Group Study
Authors: Cho Hwayoung , Porras Tiffany , Flynn Gabriella , Schnall Rebecca
Published: April 2020

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps have the potential to be effective tools for encouraging patients with chronic diseases to self-manage their health. The success of mHealth apps is related to technology acceptance and its subsequent use by intended consumers. Therefore, it is essential to gain insights from consumers’ perspectives about their use of mHealth apps in daily life.

Objective

The purpose of this work was to understand consumers’ perspectives on use of a self-management app following completion of a clinical trial that tested the efficacy of the app for improving health outcomes.

Methods

We conducted five focus groups with paricipants of a clinical trial (NCT03182738) who were randomized to use the video information provider (VIP) for HIV-associated nonAIDS (HANA) conditions app (VIP-HANA) or an attention control app. Thematic analysis was conducted, and the themes were organized according to the two key constructs of the technology acceptance model framework: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use.

Results

Thirty-nine people living with HIV (20 from the intervention group and 19 from the control group) participated in the focus group sessions. Of the eight themes identified from focus group data, the five themes related to perceived usefulness were: (1) self-monitoring HIV-related symptoms of HANA conditions, (2) enhanced relationship with clinical providers, (3) improvement in physical and emotional health, (4) long-term impact of self-care strategies on improvement in symptoms of HANA conditions, and (5) inspired lifestyle changes to manage symptoms. The three themes related to perceived ease of use were: (1) easy to navigate, (2) avatar personalization, and (3) privacy/confidentiality maintained even when changing the location of app use.

Conclusions

Perceived ease of use was similar in both study groups but perceived usefulness differed between study groups. Participants in both study groups found the VIP-HANA app to be useful in monitoring their symptoms and enhancing communication with their clinical care providers. However, only intervention group participants perceived the app to be useful in improving overall health and long-term symptom management. Findings from this study highlight factors that are essential to ensure the usefulness of self-management apps and facilitate sustained use of mHealth apps for people living with chronic illnesses.
Simulation Modeling as a Novel and Promising Strategy for Improving Success Rates With Research Funding Applications: A Constructive Thought Experiment
Authors: McLean Allen , McDonald Wade , Goodridge Donna
Published: April 2020

Writing a successful grant or other funding applications is a requirement for continued employment, promotion, and tenure among nursing faculty and researchers. Writing successful applications is a challenging task, with often uncertain results. The inability to secure funding not only threatens the ability of nurse researchers to conduct relevant health care research but may also negatively impact their career trajectories. Many individuals and organizations have offered advice for improving success with funding applications. While helpful, those recommendations are common knowledge and simply form the basis of any well-considered, well-formulated, and well-written application. For nurse researchers interested in taking advantage of innovative computational methods and leading-edge analytical techniques, we propose adding the results from computer-based simulation modeling experiments to funding applications. By first conducting a research study in a virtual space, nurse researchers can refine their study design, test various assumptions, conduct experiments, and better determine which elements, variables, and parameters are necessary to answer their research question. In short, simulation modeling is a learning tool, and the modeling process helps nurse researchers gain additional insights that can be applied in their real-world research and used to strengthen funding applications. Simulation modeling is well-suited for answering quantitative research questions. Still, the design of these models can benefit significantly from the addition of qualitative data and can be helpful when simulating the results of mixed methods studies. We believe this is a promising strategy for improving success rates with funding applications, especially among nurse researchers interested in contributing new knowledge supporting the paradigm shift in nursing resulting from advances in computational science and information technology.
Internet-Based Supportive Interventions for Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Leng Minmin , Zhao Yajie , Xiao Hongmei , Li Ce , Wang Zhiwen
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Caring for people with dementia is perceived as one of the most stressful and difficult forms of caring. Family caregivers always experience high levels of psychological burden and physical strain, so effective and practical support is essential. Internet-based supportive interventions can provide convenient and efficient support and education to potentially reduce the physical and psychological burden associated with providing care.

OBJECTIVE

This review aimed to (1) assess the efficacy of internet-based supportive interventions in ameliorating health outcomes for family caregivers of people with dementia, and (2) evaluate the potential effects of internet-based supportive intervention access by caregivers on their care recipients.

METHODS

An electronic literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO databases was conducted up to January 2020. Two reviewers (ML and YZ) worked independently to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria and independently extracted data. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the approach recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were applied to calculate the pooled effect sizes.

RESULTS

In total, 17 RCTs met the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review. The meta-analysis showed that internet-based supportive interventions significantly ameliorated depressive symptoms (SMD=–0.21; 95% CI –0.31 to –0.10; P<.001), perceived stress (SMD=–0.40; 95% CI –0.55 to –0.24; P<.001), anxiety (SMD=–0.33; 95% CI –0.51 to –0.16; P<.001), and self-efficacy (SMD=0.19; 95% CI 0.05-0.33; P=.007) in dementia caregivers. No significant improvements were found in caregiver burden, coping competence, caregiver reactions to behavioral symptoms, or quality of life. Six studies assessed the unintended effects of internet-based supportive intervention access by caregivers on their care recipients. The results showed that internet-based supportive interventions had potential benefits on the quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms in care recipients.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet-based supportive interventions are generally effective at ameliorating depressive symptoms, perceived stress, anxiety, and self-efficacy in dementia caregivers and have potential benefits on care recipients. Future studies are encouraged to adopt personalized internet-based supportive interventions to improve the health of family caregivers and their care recipients.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42020162434; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=162434
Is intraperitoneal bladder perforation during the transurethral resection of the bladder tumors treatable with urethral catheter alone?: Retrospective analysis over 15 years using the Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) system (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Junghoon , Suh Jungyo , Jeong Chang Wook , Kwak Cheol , Kim Hyeon Hoe , Ku Ja Hyeon
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Despite the current medical trend of non-invasive treatment, open surgical repair is the gold standard for intraperitoneal perforation during the transurethral resection of the bladder tumors (TURBT). Efforts have been made to attempt non-invasive treatment, but few studies have been reported. Because intraperitoneal perforation rarely occurs, it is difficult to collect a cohort group. In this case, Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) system is being used for data analysis for diseases management by extracting data of specific conditions from accumulated electronic health record (EHR).

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the clinical experience of non-invasive treatment including urethral catheter-alone treatment for bladder perforations during TURBT, especially in cases of intraperitoneal perforations (IPP).

METHODS

Total 4543 TURBT patients were retrospectively analyzed using the CDW system from January 2000 to December 2017. After extracting the patient with the keywords 'perforation', 'perforated', ‘fat’, 'distension', ‘extravasation’ and 'leakage' from the surgical record using CDW, extracted patients record was reviewed. After dividing the type of perforation into the extraperitoneal perforation (EPP) and the IPP, the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment methods, clinical course, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed in the IPP patients treated with Foley alone and were compared to EPP and control TURBT groups.

RESULTS

IPP was observed in 16 cases (35.6%) and EPP in 29 cases (64.4%). In the IPP group, 11 (68.8%) patients were treated with Foley alone, two (12.5%) with additional percutaneous drainage, and three (18.8%) with delayed open surgery. The Foley alone in the IPP group improved without sequelae or therapeutic delay. Only one of two cases of IPP larger than the cystoscopy was accomplished with Foley alone treatment, and the other underwent delayed surgical repair. There were no differences in RFS and PFS in the Foley alone of IPP group compared to the EPP (p=0.45, p=0.69) and control TURBT groups (p=0.90, p=0.51).

CONCLUSIONS

It was presented that the intraperitoneal bladder perforation during the TURBT showed a low rate. In smaller intraperitoneal perforation than the cystoscopy size, urethral catheter alone treatment did not show any specific complications and the oncological outcomes were not significantly different. So, the urethral catheter alone treatment can be considered carefully when small IPP occurs.
Social Media Use for Health Communication by the CDC in Mainland China: National Survey Study 2009-2020 (Preprint)
Authors: Zeng Runxi , Li Menghan
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

In recent years, public health incidents that pose a serious threat to public life have occurred frequently in China. The use of social media by public health authorities has helped to reduce these threats by increasing effective risk communication between the government and the public.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to reveal how China’s Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses social media to improve three aspects of health communication between the government and the public: adoption, operation, and interaction.

METHODS

To analyze the 134 CDC government Weibo accounts at the provincial- and prefecture-level administration regions in mainland China, we collected their account data and extracted 1215 Weibo tweets. We also supplemented the data to reveal the overall performance of the CDC’s government Weibo use during the COVID-19 crisis.

RESULTS

The registration rate of the CDC’s government Weibo accounts increased year by year, and the local authorities registered Weibo accounts before the central government authorities. In total, 29.8% (n=134) of the 450 CDC facilities have registered an account. Among the 134 CDC facilities that have registered Weibo accounts, the registration rate in the eastern region (n=68, 50.7%) was higher than those in the central region (n=30, 22.4%) and the western region (n=36, 26.9%). Nearly 90.0% of these Weibo accounts had official certification, but there were dropouts in the specific operating process. One-third of the accounts have not been updated for more than 1 year, and the number of Weibo followers was polarized, with a maximum and minimum difference of 1 million. The response rate to users’ comments was less than 1%. Emergency information, multimedia content, and original content were more helpful in promoting communication between the government and the public. Such interaction was partially improved during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CDC updated the daily epidemic situation and provided popular science information for epidemic prevention and control for the public in a timely manner.

CONCLUSIONS

China’s CDC is using more social media to popularize daily health information and has taken the first step to improve communication between the government and the public. However, equal dialogue, two-way interactions, and effective communication with the public still need improvement.
Discussion on the prevention of COVID-19 based on the constitutional theory of traditional Chinese medicine (Preprint)
Authors: Zeng Mengjie
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

An individual’s constitution is closely related to health and disease，individuals have different constitutions. The novel coronavirus (named SARS-CoV-2) is a specific type of coronavirus，for which delays in treatment may lead to death. From the perspective of the constitutional theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Identify susceptible people, improve and correct physical bias as much as possible，so that interventions may be given as early as possible to obtain optimal preventive effects. Collectively, this paper provides new ideas and methods for the prevention of COVID-19.
Applying eHealth for Pandemic Management in Saudi Arabia in the Context of COVID-19: Survey Study and Framework Proposal (Preprint)
Authors: Alsharif Abdullah
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The increased frequency of epidemics such as Middle East respiratory syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Ebola virus, and Zika virus has created stress on health care management and operations as well as on relevant stakeholders. In addition, the recent COVID-19 outbreak has been creating challenges for various countries and their respective health care organizations in managing and controlling the pandemic. One of the most important observations during the recent outbreak is the lack of effective eHealth frameworks for managing and controlling pandemics.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to review the current National eHealth Strategy of Saudi Arabia and to propose an integrated eHealth framework that can be effective for managing health care operations and services during pandemics.

METHODS

A questionnaire-based survey was administered to 316 health care professionals to review the current national eHealth framework of Saudi Arabia and identify the objectives, factors, and components that are key for managing and controlling pandemics. Purposive sampling was used to collect responses from diverse experts, including physicians, technical experts, nurses, administrative experts, and pharmacists. The survey was administered at five hospitals in Saudi Arabia by forwarding the survey link using a web-based portal. A sample population of 350 was achieved, which was filtered to exclude incomplete and ineligible samples, giving a sample of 316 participants.

RESULTS

Of the 316 participants, 187 (59.2%) found the current eHealth framework to be ineffective, and more than 50% of the total participants stated that the framework lacked some essential components and objectives. Additional components and objectives focusing on using eHealth for managing information, creating awareness, increasing accessibility and reachability, promoting self-management and self-collaboration, promoting electronic services, and extensive stakeholder engagement were considered to be the most important factors by more than 80% of the total participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Managing pandemics requires an effective and efficient eHealth framework that can be used to manage various health care services by integrating different eHealth components and collaborating with all stakeholders.
Statistical Issues and Lessons Learned From COVID-19 Clinical Trials With Lopinavir-Ritonavir and Remdesivir (Preprint)
Authors: Yin Guosheng , Zhang Chenyang , Jin Huaqing
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Recently, three randomized clinical trials on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) treatments were completed: one for lopinavir-ritonavir and two for remdesivir. One trial reported that remdesivir was superior to placebo in shortening the time to recovery, while the other two showed no benefit of the treatment under investigation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to, from a statistical perspective, identify several key issues in the design and analysis of three COVID-19 trials and reanalyze the data from the cumulative incidence curves in the three trials using more appropriate statistical methods.

METHODS

The lopinavir-ritonavir trial enrolled 39 additional patients due to insignificant results after the sample size reached the planned number, which led to inflation of the type I error rate. The remdesivir trial of Wang et al failed to reach the planned sample size due to a lack of eligible patients, and the bootstrap method was used to predict the quantity of clinical interest conditionally and unconditionally if the trial had continued to reach the originally planned sample size. Moreover, we used a terminal (or cure) rate model and a model-free metric known as the restricted mean survival time or the restricted mean time to improvement (RMTI) to analyze the reconstructed data. The remdesivir trial of Beigel et al reported the median recovery time of the remdesivir and placebo groups, and the rate ratio for recovery, while both quantities depend on a particular time point representing local information. We use the restricted mean time to recovery (RMTR) as a global and robust measure for efficacy.

RESULTS

For the lopinavir-ritonavir trial, with the increase of sample size from 160 to 199, the type I error rate was inflated from 0.05 to 0.071. The difference of RMTIs between the two groups evaluated at day 28 was –1.67 days (95% CI –3.62 to 0.28; P=.09) in favor of lopinavir-ritonavir but not statistically significant. For the remdesivir trial of Wang et al, the difference of RMTIs at day 28 was –0.89 days (95% CI –2.84 to 1.06; P=.37). The planned sample size was 453, yet only 236 patients were enrolled. The conditional prediction shows that the hazard ratio estimates would reach statistical significance if the target sample size had been maintained. For the remdesivir trial of Beigel et al, the difference of RMTRs between the remdesivir and placebo groups at day 30 was –2.7 days (95% CI –4.0 to –1.2; P<.001), confirming the superiority of remdesivir. The difference in the recovery time at the 25th percentile (95% CI –3 to 0; P=.65) was insignificant, while the differences became more statistically significant at larger percentiles.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the statistical issues and lessons learned from the recent three clinical trials on COVID-19 treatments, we suggest more appropriate approaches for the design and analysis of ongoing and future COVID-19 trials.
Containing COVID-19 Among 627,386 Persons in Contact With the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship Passengers Who Disembarked in Taiwan: Big Data Analytics (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Chi-Mai , Jyan Hong-Wei , Chien Shih-Chieh , Jen Hsiao-Hsuan , Hsu Chen-Yang , Lee Po-Chang , Lee Chun-Fu , Yang Yi-Ting , Chen Meng-Yu , Chen Li-Sheng , Chen Hsiu-Hsi , Chan Chang-Chuan
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Low infection and case-fatality rates have been thus far observed in Taiwan. One of the reasons for this major success is better use of big data analytics in efficient contact tracing and management and surveillance of those who require quarantine and isolation.

OBJECTIVE

We present here a unique application of big data analytics among Taiwanese people who had contact with more than 3000 passengers that disembarked at Keelung harbor in Taiwan for a 1-day tour on January 31, 2020, 5 days before the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the Diamond Princess cruise ship on February 5, 2020, after an index case was identified on January 20, 2020.

METHODS

The smart contact tracing–based mobile sensor data, cross-validated by other big sensor surveillance data, were analyzed by the mobile geopositioning method and rapid analysis to identify 627,386 potential contact-persons. Information on self-monitoring and self-quarantine was provided via SMS, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) tests were offered for symptomatic contacts. National Health Insurance claims big data were linked, to follow-up on the outcome related to COVID-19 among those who were hospitalized due to pneumonia and advised to undergo screening for SARS-CoV-2.

RESULTS

As of February 29, a total of 67 contacts who were tested by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction were all negative and no confirmed COVID-19 cases were found. Less cases of respiratory syndrome and pneumonia were found after the follow-up of the contact population compared with the general population until March 10, 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Big data analytics with smart contact tracing, automated alert messaging for self-restriction, and follow-up of the outcome related to COVID-19 using health insurance data could curtail the resources required for conventional epidemiological contact tracing.
Educar desde la interseccionalidad: Recepción de una película en un centro de trabajadores
Authors: Roca Martinez Beltran , Pinto Buzon Pilar
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo pretende estudiar la labor educativa de los centros de trabajadores en Estados Unidos. Se emplea la perspectiva de la recepción, desarrollada en el ámbito de los estudios culturales, y la teoría de marcos de acción colectiva. Se investiga el marco interseccional de un centro de trabajadores de la ciudad de Nueva York, analizando el discurso de debates que tienen lugar en el contexto natural durante una investigación etnográfica. Se identifican los elementos de diagnóstico, pronóstico y motivación del marco de acción colectiva. Se observa que las relaciones de clase y las relaciones interétnicas están fuertemente solapadas, y que el centro de trabajadores pretende articular solidar–idades y alianzas para defender los derechos de los trabajadores latinoamericanos.
El impacto de las políticas sociales hacia niños en situación de vulnerabilidad en la Ciudad de Salta, Argentina.
Authors: Toledo Víctor F.
Published: April 2020

Teniendo en cuenta que las instituciones sirven de marco para interacciones que se dan entre los diversos actores sociales, entre los cuales el Estado ejerce un rol central pero no es un actor exclusivo dentro del entramando social, esta investigación tiene como objetivo primordial analizar el impacto educativo de los programas sociales destinados a niños y niñas en los barrios Solidaridad y Castañares de la Ciudad de Salta. El enfoque teórico adoptado parte de la noción de Institucionalidad Social, pues se entiende que los programas sociales y las acciones que de ellos se desprenden están contextualizados en un entramado social o en redes que, cuando se institucionalizan facilitando acciones colectivas dan lugar a la conformación de capital social. Se parte de un supuesto que sostiene que los programas sociales destinados a la niñez tienen resultados disímiles en materia educativa, según los contextos y las áreas abordadas, y para comprobarlo se utilizará metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa.
Penerapan metode modifikasi perilaku Token Economy untuk mengurangi Conduct Disorder
Authors: Indah Nurmawati Eka
Published: April 2020

Subyek seorang anak laki-laki berusia 12 tahun mengalami gangguan conduct disorder. Studi bertujuan untuk mengurangi conduct disorder dengan memberikan modifikasi perilaku dengan token economy. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan wawancara. Intervensi yang dilakukan terdiri dari satu sesi konseling keluarga dan enam sesi modifikasi perilaku. Setelah dilakukan intervensi, Keluarga subyek memahami informasi yang diberikan oleh terapis serta terdapat beberapa perubahan pada perilaku subyek. Hal ini di dukung karena orang tua subyek selalu mendukung dan memantau subyek dalam melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari serta adanya komunikasi yang hangat sehingga membuat subyek merasa nyaman berada dirumah bersama keluarganya.Kata kunci: Token economy, conduct disorder
Peningkatan pemahaman diri pada penderita skizofrenia
Authors: Nilasari Swesty
Published: April 2020

Tujuan pembahasan kasus adalah untuk mempelajari mengenai penyakit skizofrenia beserta riwayat terjadinya gangguan, hal ini dianggap penting karena penyebab terjadinya skizofrenia dapat bermacam-macam meskipun memiliki gejala umum yang sama pada setiap penderita, mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan terapi supportif dan psikoedukasi pada penderita skizofrenia. Pengumpulan data dalam laporan ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan tes psikologi. Intervensi diberikan kepada klien adalah terapi supportif dan psikoedukasi kepada keluarga. Penekanannya adalah pada pengembangan tingkah laku dan perasaan subjektif yang lebih pada mencapai insight atau pemahaman diri dan mencegah kondisi klinis yang berulang agar klien tidak kembali masuk rumah sakit.Kata kunci: Terapi supportif, psikoedukasi, skizofrenia
Terapi supportif dan psikoedukasi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman diri pada penderita skizofrenia paranoid
Authors: K. S. Pilpala Triharim
Published: April 2020

Problem schizophrenia paranoid di rumah sakit jiwa banyak dijumpai. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana keberhasilan psikoterapi suportif dan psikoedukasi keluarga dilakukan pada pasien yang mengalami Schizophrenia Paranoid. Studi kasus ini melibatkan 1 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria schizophrenia paranoid. Instrumen adalah observasi, wawancara dan tes psikologi (Rorschach). Intervensi dalam studi kasus dilakukan dalam 3 tahapan yaitu initation, working process, dan evaluasi. Hasil intervensi menunjukkan pasien belum mampu memberikan perubahan yang signifikan serta belum adanya keinginan untuk mengontrol suara-suara yang menggangunya.Kata kunci: Terapi suportif, psikoedukasi keluarga, schizophrenia paranoid
Religiusitas dan kecemasan menghadapimasa depan pada remaja korban bencana alam Tsunami
Authors: Syah Safril , Andawiyah Dewi
Published: April 2020

Remaja korban dari bencana alam tsunami yang kehilangan keluarga, rumah dan harta benda, merupakan kondisi yang memprihatinkan dan mempunyai kecendrungan untuk merasakan cemas dalam menghadapi masa depan. Religiusitas mempunyai peran dalam membantu remaja korbanbencana alam dan tsunami dalam menghadapi masa depan. Oleh karena itu penelitian mengulas hubungan religiusitas dengan kecemasan menghadapi masa depan pada remaja korban bencana alam tsunami. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Al-Ishlah Al- Aziziyah Lueng Bata, Banda Aceh. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah korelasi product moment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja di LPI Al-Ishlah Al-Aziziyah Lueng Bata Banda Aceh yang berjumlah 50 remaja yang terdiri dari remaja perempuan dan laki-laki. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagian dari populasi, yaitu: berjumlah 44 orang dengan tekhnik sampling probabilitas. Hasil penelitian analisis data pada penelitian ini didapat nilai r =-0,204 dansignifikansi P= 0,183 (P >0,05) artinya hipotesis yang diajukan oleh peneliti ditolak yaitu tidak ada hubungan antara religiusitas dengan kecemasan mengahadapi masa depan pada remaja korban bencana alam tsunami di LPI Al-Ishlah Al-Aziziyah Lueng Bata Banda Aceh. Rendahnya kecemasan menghadapi masa dapan subjek penelitian ini disebabakan oleh faktor selain religiusitas, seperti factor penerimaan sosial, kenyamanan lingkungan tempat tinggal, factor usia, faktor masapasca tsunami yang terlalau lama dan factor pendidikan.Kata kunci: Kecemasan menghadapi masa depan, religiusitas, korban bencana alam tsunami
Psychological well-being pada single mother karena kematian pasangan
Authors: Purwaningrum Evi Kurniasari , Sulistyani Nuraida Wahyu
Published: April 2020

Kehilangan pasangan akibat kematian menimbulkan duka yang mendalam bagi wanita. Kehidupan selanjutnya yang harus ia lalui sendiri tanpa seorang suami menimbulkan kecemasan akan masa depan dan rasa frustasi. Peran sebagai orang tua tunggal berarti wanita harus menjalankan peran ganda sebagai ibu sekaligus sebagai ayah bagi anak-anaknya, single mother memiliki tanggung jawab yang lebih sulit dan lebih rumit dibandingkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengungkap dan mendeskripsikan psychological well being pada wanita dewasa madya dengan status single parent karena kematian pasangan dengan mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data mengunakan teknik wawancara mendalam terhadap 4 orang subyek dan significan other. Rentang usia subyek 40 s.d 50 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam psychological well being pada single mother karena kematian pasangan yaitu cara kematian pasangan, cara individu memandang peristiwa yang dialami, kemampuan untuk beradaptasi dan mengatasi peristiwa yang mereka alami, religiusitas, penerimaan diri, kelekatan pada pasangan, hubungan dengan orang lain, otonomi, tujuan hidup, penguasaan lingkungan dan pertumbuhan pribadi.Kata kunci: Psychological well being, wanita single parent, kematian pasangan
Pendidikan inklusi berbasis komunitas: Media optimalisasi potensi siswa pasca tsunami
Authors: Zahroh Ni’matu
Published: April 2020

Peristiwa tsunami membawa begitu banyak duka dan kesedihan bagi semua pihak, terutama bagi para korban dan keluarga yang tersisa, tidak terkecuali bagi anak-anak. Mereka kehilangan kesempatan untuk mendapat kasih sayang dan bimbingan yang sangat mereka butuhkan diusianya. Dampak lain dari tsunami ini adalah anak-anak hidup dalam keluarga dengan kondisi social ekonomi yang dan kondisi mental keluarga dengan gangguan psikologis karena kehilangan anggota keluarga. Situasi semacam ini akan mempengaruhi kondisi psikologis anak serta melemahkan fungsi otak anak, sehingga anak-anak ini membutuhkan layanan khusus untuk untuk mengoptimalkan potensi diri mereka pasca tsunami. Pendidikan inklusif berbasis komunitas dapat menjadi solusi dalam memberikan layanan bagi anak-anak pasca tsunami ini. Prinsip utama dalam pembelajaran inklusif berbasis komunitas ini adalah membangun partisipasi seluruh komponen komunitas sekolah (orang tua anak berkebutuhan khusus, (ABK) orang tua non ABK, siswa reguler, guru, karyawan) untuk ikut andil dalam mensukseskan pembelajaran inklusif. Dalam masyarakat korban tsunami, membentuk masyarakat inklusif sebenarnya menjadi lebih mudah karena pengalaman yang sama yang mereka rasakan mampu menumbuhkan kebersamaan, empati dan ikatan persaudaraan yang kuat untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan. Kondisi psikologis semacam ini justru memudahkan pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif pasca tsunami. Orang tua , sekolah, guru dan professional perlu dibangun kesadarannya untuk saling bekerjasama membangun kelas inklusif.Keywords: korban tsunami, pendidikan inklusi, komunitas, anak berkebutuhan khusus
Lovemarks and effect of in-flight product performance on airline passengers' purchase intention
Authors: Han Heesup , Yu Jongsik , Lee Hyerin
Published: April 2020

We developed a theoretical model by identifying the factors that comprise the role of in-flight product performance (service encounter, physical environment, food and beverage), and brand love and respect (Lovemarks) in building passengers' behavioral intention in the fullservice airline
industry. We compiled survey items and collected responses from 316 airline passengers for empirical analysis. The measurement model demonstrated a satisfactory level of reliability and validity. Quantitative analysis results show there was a second-order structure of in-flight product performance,
significant relationships between all variables, a significant mediating role of Lovemarks, and comparative importance of in-flight product performance in determining passengers' behavioral intentions. Our theorization comprising the multiple dimensions of product performance and Lovemarks
theory was supported. The theoretical framework sufficiently accounted for the variance in passengers' behavioral intentions regarding full-service airline products.