bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Medical Images and Virtual Reality in Nursing Experimental Teaching
Authors: Zhu Min , Li Chunhui , Zhao Shuangping , Chen Liang , Zhao Xueping
Published: March 2022

With the continuous advancement of medicine and computer science, medical image processing technology is also constantly advancing, and at the same time, it puts forward the needs of its own development. The purpose of this article is to combine the three-dimensional reconstruction of medical images and virtual reality (VR) technology in nursing experiment teaching to help students understand more easily and to simplify the teachers’ teaching process and make the VR application technology. It is the most popular and effective in medical teaching. This article proposes the C-V model and the geometric active contour model to help us more clearly understand the pathology in this environment, where the specific symptoms appear, and bring a more easy-to-understand model for teaching and improving teaching quality. This article also designs nursing experiment teaching. The experimental results of this paper show that, after using VR courseware for teaching, the optimal test rate of the experimental class is 15% higher than that of the control class, and the transition rate is 8%. The actual test excellent rate and success rate of the experimental class are much higher than those of the control class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of VR technology in nursing teaching helps teachers improve their practical ability. The excellent teaching feedback rate is 95%, which is higher than 80.5% in the control group, indicating that the patient teaching simulation is approved by the observation group. The program can effectively improve the feedback rate of excellent teaching and provide students with better teaching services.
Study on TCM Tongue Image Segmentation Model Based on Convolutional Neural Network Fused with Superpixel
Authors: Zhang Han , Jiang Rongrong , Yang Tao , Gao Jiayi , Wang Yi , Zhang Junfeng
Published: March 2022

Tongue image segmentation is a base work of TCM tongue processing. Nowadays, deep learning methods are widely used on tongue segmentation, which has better performance than conventional methods. However, when the tongue color is close to the color of the adjoining area, the contour of tongue segmentation by deep learning may be coarse which could influence the subsequent analysis. Here a novel tongue image segmentation model based on a convolutional neural network fused with superpixel was proposed to solve the problem. Methods. On the basis of a convolutional neural network fused with superpixel, the novel tongue image segmentation model SpurNet was proposed in this study. The residual structure of ResNet18 was introduced as the feature extraction layer on the encoding path, to construct the first stage processing module UrNet of SpurNet. The superpixel segmentation was fused with UrNet to form the second stage process of SpurNet. To verify the effect of SpurNet. The models before and after fusion with superpixel, classical image segmentation models FCN and DeepLab were compared with SpurNet on the dataset of 367 manually labeled tongue images. Results. The SpurNet model performance test with 10-fold cross-validation showed PA of 0.9145 ± 0.0043, MPA of 0.9168 ± 0.0048, MIoU of 0.8417 ± 0.0072 and FWIoU of 0.8454 ± 0.0072. Relative to FCN, DeepLab and their superpixel fused models, the SpurNet model was superior in tongue image segmentation and could increase PA by 1.91%–3.17%, MPA by 1.38%–2.61%, MIoU by 3.09%–5.07%, and FWIoU by 3.11%–5.08%. Compared to UrNet, the first stage processing module, the SpurNet model also increased the PA, MPA, MIoU and FWIoU by 0.15%, 0.09%, 0.24% and 0.24%, respectively. Conclusion. The SpurNet model, after fusing with superpixel image segmentation, can better accomplish the task of tongue image segmentation, more accurately process the margins of tongue and resolve the over-segmentation and under-segmentation. The thought of this study is a new exploration in the field of tongue image segmentation, which could provide a reference for the modern research on TCM tongue images.
Automatic Segmentation of Magnetic Resonance Images of Severe Patients with Advanced Liver Cancer and the Molecular Mechanism of Emodin-Induced Apoptosis of HepG2 Cells under the Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Wang Yuping , He Chen , Yang Jilin , Shi Yaoming , Zhu Xiaolin
Published: March 2022

To improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of severe patients with advanced liver cancer and enhance the effect of chemotherapy treatment, the U-Net model was optimized by introducing the batch normalization (BN) layer and the dropout layer, and the segmentation training and verification of the optimized model were realized by the magnetic resonance (MR) image data. Subsequently, HepG2 cells were taken as the research objects and treated with 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 μmol/L emodin (EMO), respectively. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to explore the changes in cell viability, the acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) were used for staining, the Annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) (Annexin V-FITC/PI) was adopted to detect the apoptosis after EMO treatment, and the Western blot (WB) method was used with the purpose of exploring the changes in protein expression levels of PARP, Bcl-2, and p53 in the cells after treatment. It was found that compared with the original U-Net model, the introduction of the BN layer and the dropout layer can improve the robustness of the U-Net model, and the optimized U-Net model had the highest dice similarity coefficient (DSC) (98.45%) and mean average precision (MAP) (0.88) for the liver tumor segmentation.
Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolars in a Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Saad M. , Almansour Moazzy I. , Alshammari Ahad S. , Al Mansour Nada N. , Alshammari Ahad F. , Altamimi Yazeed S. , Madfa Ahmed A.
Published: March 2022

Objectives. The efficacy of root canal therapy is dependent on a thorough understanding of both normal and aberrant root canal morphology. As a result, the purpose of this study was to use CBCT to characterize the exact root and canal morphology of mandibular premolars in a Saudi subpopulation. Methods. The current study included 1000 mandibular premolars (507 first premolars and 493 second premolars) with completely developed roots. CBCT was performed to assess the shape of the roots and to classify the canal anatomy according to Vertucci’s classification. The incidence and similarity of the left and right sides, as well as men and women, were investigated. The data were examined using the chi-square test. Results. Of the 507 mandibular first premolars analyzed, 484 (95.5%) had one root, whereas 23 (4.5%) had two roots. Of the 493 mandibular second premolars analyzed, 489 (99.2%) had one root, whereas four teeth had two roots (0.8%). There were no statistically significant variations in the number of roots identified across groups (p > 0.05). The most prevalent in mandibular first premolars was type I, accounting for 70.0% (n = 355) of the studied sample, followed by type II (14.2%, n = 72) and type IV (10.1%, n = 51). For mandibular second premolar, type I had the highest incidence (449 (91.1%)), followed by type II (5.7%, n = 28). Conclusion. In a Saudi subpopulation, the majority of mandibular first and second premolar teeth had a single root with a type I canal system. On the other hand, numerous roots with various canal classifications were found.
An In Vitro Study of Fluid Contaminations Influences on Reverse Torque Values of Implant‐Abutment Connections
Authors: Yang Shuying , Qin Yuan , Guo Xueyan , Li Yaqi
Published: March 2022

Purpose. To examine the effects of fluid contamination on the reverse torque value (RTV) of abutment screws. 484 titanium fixtures were mounted into the stainless‐steel holders. Methods. 11 groups (44 specimens in each group) of implants were mounted in acrylic resin. Ten groups of fixture screw holes were contaminated with chlorhexidine, saliva, blood, fluoride, or combination groups, and one group served as a control without contamination. To simulate the oral environment, samples were subjected to thermal cycling and cyclic loading. Results. The RTV means were less than the initial torque in both control and contamination groups. The maximum RTV mean was observed in the fluoride group (26.00 ± 1.02 Ncm). In other groups, this rate for control, blood, saliva, and chlorhexidine groups were 18.00 ± 1.78 Ncm, 22.12 ± 1.56 Ncm, 21.56 ± 1.43 Ncm, and 21.89 ± 1.02 Ncm, respectively. In combination groups, the maximum RTV mean was observed in the saliva+CHX group (23.89 ± 1.92 Ncm). In other combination groups, this rate for the blood+CHX, blood+saliva, saliva+fluoride, fluoride+CHX, and fluoride+blood groups were 22.56 ± 1.73 Ncm, 22.00 ± 1.54 Ncm, 20.11 ± 1.58 Ncm, 23.51 ± 1.19 Ncm, 21.02 ± 1.38 Ncm, and 20.11 ± 1.58 Ncm, respectively. The RTV was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for the contamination groups (except saliva) and combination groups compared to the control group. There is no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) between the reverse torque value mean of the blood and saliva groups and between that of the fluoride and chlorhexidine groups. Conclusion. Implant‐abutment specimens are suggested to be placed in a saliva environment and should be subjected to cyclic loading.
Knee Bending Motion Extraction Algorithm for Ball Motion Image Using Vision Sensor
Authors: An Zhanshu , Yuan Zhigang , Cao Xu , Song Shijia
Published: March 2022

To improve the extraction accuracy of knee bending motion in ball motion image and reduce the extraction distance error and time consumption, a knee bending motion extraction algorithm using visual sensor is proposed. The visual sensor model is constructed based on the ball motion frame image, the trigger data is output through differential and logical judgment, and these data are normalized to generate the visual sensor sample set of the ball motion frame image. The sample set is used as the input of the convolution neural network (CNN) and the sample basis of the motion energy model. The CNN extracts the features of the sample set in the convolution layer, the motion energy model is combined with the local binary pattern to extract the features of the sample set, the weighted summation method is used to fuse the two features, and the Softmax classifier is used to classify and extract the knee bending motion. The results show that the proposed algorithm has good ball motion image collection effect, the knee bending motion extraction accuracy is always maintained at about 98%, the distance error is low, and the time consumption of ball motion feature extraction is only 2.65 s, which has high application value in the field of sports.
Exploring the Mechanism of Yiqi Qingre Ziyin Method in Regulating Neuropeptide Expression for the Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis
Authors: Lu Lixing , Kang Xueran , Yi Bin , Jiang Chenyan , Yan Xiaojun , Chen Bin , Sun Yuxing , Shi Fangze , Luo Yuanbo , Chen Yisheng , Shi Runjie
Published: March 2022

Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic disease that causes severe structural changes to the nasal mucosa leading to squamous epithelial metaplasia. However, treatment regarding AR remains a major challenge. We used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to explore the potential mechanisms of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method to modulate neuropeptides in the treatment of AR. The active ingredients of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method and their targets of action were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Disease targets for AR were obtained from four databases: GeneCards, PharmGKB, DrugBank, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). A total of 59 active ingredients, 39 potential targets, and 76 relevant neuropeptides were obtained after deduplication. We constructed target interaction networks with the STRING database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the 14 potential target proteins. We used Cytoscape software to construct the “drug-active ingredient-potential target” and “ingredient-target-pathway” networks of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method for treating AR. Molecular docking results suggest that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), opioid receptor gene d1 (OPRD1), and opioid receptor m1 (OPRM1) are key targets for the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method. Therefore, this study proposed a potential mechanism for the treatment of AR by affecting the expression of neuropeptide-related genes (including DPP4, OPRD1, and OPRM1), which may potentially improve the immune microenvironment of the nasal mucosa.
Role of MiR-27a-3p in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration through Targeting RASSF5 via MST1/LATS1 and RAS/RAC1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yuan Chao , Zhou Jing , Zhou Lei , Wang Liran , Pan Yong
Published: March 2022

Background. The apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells reduces the number of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc tissue, resulting in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important regulatory role in abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods. The miR-27a-3p expressions in degenerative NP tissue and cells were measured via qPCR. The impacts of miR-27a-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of human NP cells were evaluated by flow cytometry assays, MTT assays, and western blot analyses. In addition, target scan and luciferase reporter assay were applied to confirm that RASSF5 was directly binding to miR-27a-3p. Western blot was applied to assess the relationship between miR-27a-3p, RASSF5 and MST1/LATS1, and RAS/RAC1 signaling pathway. Results. MiR-27a-3p was downregulated in degenerative NP tissues and cells by comparison with the control group. MiR-27a-3p overexpression enhanced cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis of NP cells, while the above factors showed an opposite tendency after in the miR-27a-3p inhibitor group. The western blot experiment similarly suggested mir-27a-3p apparently downregulated apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and caspase-3) and upregulated antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). In addition, RASSF5 was confirmed to be directly regulated by miR-27a-3p using the luciferase reporter assay. Overexpressed RASSF5 could reverse the effects caused by miR-27a-3p mimic. Finally, miR-27a-3p could downregulate RASSF5 and affected the MST1/LATS1 and RAS/RAC1 pathway. Conclusion. MiR-27a-3p may target RASSF5 and enhance cell proliferation and imped cell apoptosis of the nucleus pulposus cells via the MST1/LATS1 and RAS/RAC1 pathway, lessening the degeneration of intervertebral discs.
Carveol Promotes Nrf2 Contribution in Depressive Disorders through an Anti-inflammatory Mechanism
Authors: Muhammad Asmaa Jan , Hao Liangliang , Al Kury Lina Tariq , Rehman Najeeb Ur , Alvi Arooj Mohsin , Badshah Haroon , Ullah Ikram , Shah Fawad Ali , Li Shupeng
Published: March 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a progressive deteriorating mental state with a feeling of worthlessness and frequent mood swings. Several studies reported the favorable effects of natural drug substances on MMD associated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. The present study is attempted to examine whether carveol could affect lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced depression, and if so, how nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf2) contributed to the neuroprotective effects of carveol mechanistically. Two experimental cohorts were used using the SD rats: first to evaluate the promising dose of carveol (whether 20 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) and secondly to determine the effect of carveol on Nrf2-mediated antidepression. Significant neuronal alterations were noticed in the cortex and hippocampus regions in the LPS-treated group, accompanied by elevated inflammatory cytokine levels such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK). Moreover, amassing of free radicals exacerbated lipid peroxidase (LPO) and oxidative stress with a limited antioxidant capacity. Carveol (20 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated these detrimental effects by promoting the antioxidant Nrf2 gene and protein, which critically regulate the downstream antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathway. To further elaborate our hypothesis, we employed all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an Nrf2 inhibitor, and we found that ATRA exaggerated LPS-induced depressive-like effects associated with elevated neuroinflammatory markers. Our results demonstrated that carveol (20 mg/kg) could activate the endogenous antioxidant Nrf2, which regulates the downstream antioxidant signaling pathway, eventually leading to amelioration of LPS-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
New Classifications of All Single Traveling Wave Solutions of the Fractional Approximate Long Water Wave Equations by Using the Complete Discrimination System
Authors: Li Peng , Li Zhao
Published: March 2022

First, our work is to transform the space-time fractional approximate long water wave equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations via the traveling wave transformation in the sense of conformable fractional derivative. Second, we simplify the nonlinear ordinary differential equations into an ordinary differential equation with only one variable by integration and some transformations. Finally, we can further get all single traveling wave solutions of the space-time fractional approximate long water wave equations by the complete discrimination system for the four-order polynomial method; these solutions include the hyperbolic function solutions, rational function solutions, and implicit solutions.
Defect Diagnosis of Gear-Shaft Bearing System Based on the OWF-TSCNN Composed of Wavelet Time-Frequency Map and FFT Spectrum 1
Authors: Dai Peng , Wang JianPing , Wu Lulu , Yan ShuPing , Wang FengTao , Niu Linkai
Published: March 2022

In the defect diagnosis of the gear-shaft-bearing system with compound defects, the generated vibration signals are complicated. In addition, the information acquired by a single sensor is easily affected by uncertain factors, and low diagnostic accuracy is caused when traditional defect diagnosis methods are used, which cannot meet the high-precision diagnosis requirements. Therefore, a method is developed to identify the defect types and defect degrees of the gear-shaft-bearing system efficiently. In this method, the vibration signals are collected using multiple sensors, the dual-tree complex wavelet and the optimal weighting factor (OWF) methods are used for the data layer fusion, and the preprocessing is realized through wavelet transform and FFT. A learning model based on two-stream CNN composed of 1D-CNN and 2D-CNN is established, and the obtained wavelet time-frequency map and FFT spectrum are used as the input. Then, the trained features from the output of the connected layer are classified by the SVM. Compared with the OWF-1DCNN and OWF-2DCNN models, the time consumption of the OWF-TSCNN model is increased by 14.5%–26.6%, and the convergence speed of the network is decreased. However, its accuracy reaches 100% and 99.83% in the training set and test set, and the loss entropy and over-fitting rate are also greatly reduced. The feature extraction ability and generalization ability of the OWF-TSCNN model are increased, reaching 100% diagnosis accuracy on different defect types and defect degrees, which is more suitable for defect diagnosis of the gear-shaft-bearing system.
Circular RNA VANGL1 Facilitates Migration and Invasion of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Modulating the miR-194/ZEB1/EMT Axis
Authors: Xiang Yangfeng , Wang Wendong , Gu Jialei , Shang Jinbiao
Published: March 2022

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are often aberrantly expressed in human tumors and also serve a critical regulatory role in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The aim of this study is to investigate the expression pattern and biological role of circVANGL1 in PTC. The results revealed that circVANGL1 was significantly upregulated in human PTC samples. In addition, high circVANGL1 expression was closely associated with adverse clinical parameters of PTC patients. Our in vitro experiments further indicated that the knockdown of circVANGL1 using siRNA obviously repressed migration, proliferation, EMT, and invasion of PTC cells, while opposite effects were induced by its overexpression. We further noted that circVANGL1 could interact with miR-194 directly in PTC, and serve as a ceRNA to regulate ZEB1 function. Moreover, miR-194 inhibition markedly abrogated the effects of circVANGL1 knockdown in PTC cells. Therefore, our results provide convincing evidence that circVANGL1 may exert oncogenic effects in PTC, partly via regulating the miR-194/ZEB1 axis.
Monitoring of Maximum Oxygen Intake of Breathing and Heart Rate in Exercise Training Based on Regression Equations
Authors: Ma Xiaoge , Yan Xujie
Published: March 2022

In order to provide a new reference method and basis for the physical testing study in healthy adults aged 40∼and 49, this paper proposes a regression equation-based monitoring study of exercise training breathing and heart rate. Sixty four subjects (30 males and 34 females), aged 40∼and 49 years, were selected. First, the subjects were screened by relevant health test and medical questionnaire to exclude the subjects with exercise contraindications and high-intensity exercise; then, the incremental load test was directly measured by gas analysis, and then, the subjects who completed the maximum oxygen intake test were tested twice, the corresponding heart rate value was recorded, and walking time were averaged for calculation. We show that the regression analysis of each index yielded regression equations and cross-validation regression equations show correlation statistics for measured and inferred maximum oxygen intake of RLOOCV = 0.826 and SEELOOCV = 0.378 (L/min). The equation can effectively speculate on the maximum oxygen intake of 40∼in healthy adults aged 49, with the advantages of efficient, low cost, fast, and convenient.
Molecular Mechanism of Gleditsiae Spina for the Treatment of High‐Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Pharmacological Experiments
Authors: Zhang Boran , Dan Wenchao , Zhang Ganlin , Wang Xiaomin
Published: March 2022

Background. Gleditsiae Spina, widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, has a good curative effect on malignant tumors such as ovarian cancer, but the mechanism is not clear. So, we aimed to analyze the pharmacological mechanism of Gleditsiae Spina in the treatment of high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) based on network pharmacology and biological experiments. Methods. The main active ingredients of Gleditsiae Spina were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), and the active ingredients were performed by ADME screening. The component targets of Gleditsiae Spina were screened using the PharmMapper platform, and differentially expressed genes in normal and HGSC tissues were identified through the GEO database. Thereafter, the network of “active ingredient‐targets” was constructed by cytoscape 3.7.2 software. The protein‐protein interaction network was established by the BioGenet database to mine the potential protein function. Biological processes and pathways were analyzed through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The binding ability of the core components of the Gleditsiae Spina and the core target of HGSC was verified by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, and the therapeutic effect of Gleditsiae Spina was proved in vitro through cytotoxicity experiments. The effect of Gleditsiae Spina on the core pathway is obtained by western blotting. Results. Gleditsiae Spina had cytotoxicity on HGSC based on network pharmacology and biological experiments. Luteolin, genistein, D‐(+)‐tryptophan, ursolic acid, and berberine are the identified core active ingredients of Gleditsiae Spina for regulating HGSC, with HPSE, PI3KCA, AKT1, and CTNNB1as the ideal targets. The prediction results were verified by molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, cell viability, and western blot analysis. Conclusion. Gleditsiae Spina mainly downregulates the expression of heparanase and β‐catenin to affect the composition of tumor cytoplasmic matrix and can regulate the PI3K‐AKT pathway, integrating multiple targets and multiple pathways to play a therapeutic role. It also provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of ovarian cancer and its treatment using traditional Chinese medicine in the future.
Construction of the Maximum Oxygen Intake Regression Equations for Exercise Training on Respiration and Heart Rate
Authors: Kang Kai
Published: March 2022

To explore the correlation between the maximum percentage heart rate and the maximum percentage oxygen intake, provide an evaluation basis for heart rate for the assessment of exercise load intensity. Four boys and 4 girls were randomly selected, aged 26.25 ± 2.12 years old with good health, good cardiopulmonary function, no other medical history, and irregular physical training history. The subject measured the first 30 min of rest at 25°C at room temperature, kept awake and static, and the heart rate was measured as the quiet heart rate in the state. Prepredicted maximum heart rate and health index were determined according to the Polar s810 heart rate table instructions. Prepredicted maximum heart rate and health index were measured three consecutive times and reliability analysis was performed on three measurements. The regression equations were established by a stepwise method with data represented that all metrics were tested for normality for fitness index and maximum oxygen intake compared using a paired t test with a significance level of

P
<
0.05

. The results showed that the highest value of VO2max motor cardiopulmonary test was 47.83 ml/(kg·min), the lowest was 35.06 ml/(kg·min), the two-step test was 44.50 ml/(kg·min), and the lowest was 32.89 ml/(kg min).With a positive correlation between the postexercise heart rate and the maximum oxygen intake, the maximum oxygen intake value can be indirectly inferred using the heart rate after the exercise and the work completed by the exercise. The results measured by two-step test have some accuracy and can be used to speculate the maximum oxygen intake in the ordinary young population. The polar heart rate meter allows subjects to indirectly measure the maximum oxygen intake in silence, requiring less equipment and being easy to operate. The indirect measurement of the maximum oxygen intake can be used for the monitoring of competitive sports and national fitness.
Validating the Staff Satisfaction Index and the Happy Career for In-Service Firefighters
Authors: Ismail Rosnah , Mohammad Nor Hisham , Asbar Ashrul Riezal , Ghani Ismail Abdul , Ramayah T.
Published: March 2022

This study aims at validating the Staff Satisfaction Index (SSI) and the Happy Career (HC) scale for in-service firefighters. The SSI consists of two dimensions, namely, protection against hazards at work and welfare, with 16 subdimensions. A total of 6970 data points were collected via the Internet. Both dimensions of the SSI were regressed on the HC scale using partial least square structural equation modelling. The dimensions satisfied all measurements and structural model assessments. Protection against hazards at work (β = 0.370,

p
<
0.001

) and welfare (β = 0.375,

p
<
0.001

) explained 46.6% of the happiness variance. Both dimensions displayed small-to-medium effect sizes and relevance to predicting happiness (Q2 = 0.339). Implications of the findings are discussed further.
Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Therapy Combined with WeChat Platform Education on Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris after PCI
Authors: Wang Bin , Jinsong Li  , Hong Yanling , Gao Yibin , Tian Mao , Lin Qiang , Wang Jiawei , Wang Yu , Li Xiang
Published: March 2022

Objective. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of cardiac rehabilitation therapy combined with WeChat platform education on patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods. Eighty-eight UAP patients undergoing PCI in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were chosen as the study subjects and were grouped according to the intervention methods. Specifically, patients receiving routine treatment only were included as the control group (CG) and those receiving cardiac rehabilitation therapy combined with WeChat platform education based on the routine treatment were included as the study group (SG), with 44 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups after intervention. Results. Compared with CG, SG achieved notably better biochemical indexes of TC, TG, FBG, FIB, LDL-c, and HDL-c after 12 months of intervention (

P
<
0.05

), lower systolic pressure (SBP), and diastolic pressure (DBP) after intervention (

P
<
0.05

), and higher scores of limited mobility, anginal stability, anginal frequency, subjective perception, treatment satisfaction, and total SAQ after 12 months of intervention (

P
<
0.05

). The LVEF levels of both groups increased after intervention (

P
<
0.05

), and the LVEF level was higher in SG than in CG (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of adverse cardiac events such as heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death was slightly higher in CG than in SG within 12 months of intervention, with no statistical difference (

P
>
0.05

). The UAP recurrence rate and incidence of myocardial infarction in CG were obviously higher than those in SG (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Cardiac rehabilitation therapy combined with WeChat platform education intervention measures for UAP patients after PCI can effectively control the biochemical indexes such as blood lipid and blood glucose, improve the cardiac function, stabilize the disease condition, lower the recurrence rate, and reduce the incidence of other cardiac adverse events.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Healthy Adult Subjects: Normative Values, Frequency, and Impact of Artifacts
Authors: Abu-Yaghi Nakhleh E. , Obiedat Abdelrahman F. , AlNawaiseh Tamara I. , Hamad Ali M. , Bani Ata Basil A. , Quzli Ahmad A. , AlRyalat Saif Aldeen
Published: March 2022

Aim. This cross‐sectional study is aimed at identifying normative ocular coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) values in a cohort of healthy adult Jordanian individuals and assessing the prevalence of different image artifacts and their impact on quantitative OCTA measurements. Materials and Methods. One hundred and eighty‐one eyes from 100 healthy participants were included in this study. All participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination including best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, and dilated fundoscopy. Swept‐source OCTA images were obtained and analyzed for all 181 eyes. We recorded vascularity measurements and analyzed the prevalence and effect of ten different artifacts on superficial and deep retinal and choriocapillaris layer images. Results. Sixty‐two percent of the participants were men (n = 62), and 38% (n = 38) were women. The age of participants ranged between 24 and 75 years (mean 50.5 ± 10.92). The mean central macular thickness was 237.71 (±22.905) μm, and the mean choroidal thickness was 257.73 (±77.027) μm. Artifacts were present in 46.4% of the acquired scans. Images with artifacts had higher mean age (p = 0.03), lower image quality (p < 0.001), higher central vascular density (p < 0.001), and lower inferior vascular density (p < 0.001) compared to artifact‐free tomographs. Motion artifact was the most common type, which was present in 29 (16%) of images, followed by blink artifact 18 (9.9%), and Z offset 8 (4.4%). Conclusion. OCTA artifact detection and correction remains a challenging aspect of the diagnostic and follow‐up process of patients with retinal pathologies. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the association between OCTA outputs and artifacts in healthy eyes. We report that in this cohort of normal individuals, images with artifacts had a significantly higher central vascular density (22.62 vs. 16.60) and a lower inferior vascular density (46.09 vs. 48.81). We also found that a significant increase in central vascular density is only present in images with Z offset artifact type (49.03). Motion artifact was the most common artifact seen in our series. However, we observed no alteration in quantitative parameters in images with motion artifacts.
Can the Double‐Pillar Regulation Drive Enterprise Innovation?
Authors: Ma Bing
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the effect of the Double‐pillar regulation on promoting enterprise innovation and its influencing mechanism. Based on the panel data of A‐share listed nonfinancial enterprises in China from 2010 to 2019, this paper empirically examines the driving effect of the Double‐pillar regulation on enterprise innovation and its influencing mechanism. The empirical results demonstrate that the Double‐pillar regulation can promote enterprise innovation, and there is significant regional heterogeneity. The Double‐pillar regulation has a stronger driving effect on the innovation of state‐owned enterprises. The Double‐pillar regulation can effectively reduce the financialization of enterprises, thus boosting enterprise innovation. The degree of financing constraint and the improvement of enterprise risk‐taking level will enhance the driving effect of the double‐pillar regulation on enterprise innovation. The research of this paper promotes the understanding of the effect, mechanism, and regional differences of enterprise innovation under the Double‐pillar regulation. Meanwhile, it also examines the necessity of building the Double‐pillar regulation framework.
The Influence Mechanism of Different Cash Flow Availability on R&D Investment: Evidence from China
Authors: Wu Xiaobo , Hua Ye , Lu Hao
Published: March 2022

It has been widely assumed and proven that a firm’s research and development (R&D) investment is limited if the availability of cash flow is constrained. The purpose of this study is to verify the opposite proposition: whether firms invest heavily in R&D when more cash flow is available. This paper discusses the heterogeneous relationship between cash flow from different sources and the R&D investment of firms. The study divides the firm’s cash flow into three categories according to the business activities that generate firm finance: cash flow from operating activities (CFO), cash flow from investing activities (CFI), and cash flow from financing activities (CFF). On this basis, a dynamic R&D investment model is constructed, and the relevant data for Chinese listed firms are used for the empirical research. The study finds that Chinese listed firms do not necessarily spend more cash on R&D investment, even if the availability of cash flow is not constrained. For young firms, CFO and CFI do not significantly correlate with R&D investment, and CFF significantly negatively correlates with R&D investment. For mature firms, the correlations between cash flow generated from different activities and R&D investment are nonsignificant.
Research on Cardiorespiratory Endurance Test and Training Method Based on Structural Equation Model
Authors: Wang Jianmin
Published: March 2022

In order to study the cardiorespiratory endurance test and training method under the structural equation model, a structural equation model built in conjunction with ANOS7.0 is proposed. This method uses confirmatory factor analysis and analyzes the influencing factors of motor skills. Studies indicate that df = 173 > 0 of the structural equation model, to over-identify the model, the absolute value of the standardized coefficient value is 0.257 to 0.758, less than 0.95, and there is no value with a large estimated standard deviation. The model did not violate the estimation phenomenon. Among the factors affecting motor skills, cardiopulmonary function, and muscle endurance, the weight of the back muscles is less than 0.4, the power of coordination and explosive power of lower limbs is greater than 0.6, and limb muscle strength, body mass, and the stretch and flexibility of the muscles have a greater weight on basketball skills than 0.5. The structural equation model is an over-recognition model. The absolute value of the standardized coefficient value does not have a value with an excessively large standard deviation estimate, and the model does not violate the estimate.
Hepatoblastoma: Derived Exosomal LncRNA NEAT1 Induces BMSCs Differentiation into Tumor-Supporting Myofibroblasts via Modulating the miR-132/MMP9 Axis
Authors: Hu Yu , Zai Hongyan , Jiang Wei , Ou Zhenglin , Yao Yuanbing , Zhu Qin
Published: March 2022

Background. Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant tumor of the liver. MMP9 plays an essential role in HB. The purpose of our study was to screen for differentially expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs that targeted MMP9. Based on this, the role of lncRNA NEAT1/miR-132/MMP9 in HB and the mechanisms involved were discussed. Methods. Bioinformatics analysis was used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs targeting MMP9. Exosomes were extracted from HB cells and normal liver cells for characterization and identification. Exosome uptake assay was conducted to determine whether exosomes were absorbed by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). α-SMA, fibronectin, and s-100 expressions in tissues and cells were detected by IHC and ICC. lncRNA XIST, lncRNA NEAT1, miR-132, and MMP9 expressions were characterized by qRT-PCR. Western blot was performed to measure MMP9, α-SMA, and s-100 expressions. Flow cytometry was used to stain α-SMA, s-100. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to verify the interaction between lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-132, and miR-132 and MMP9. The effect of lncRNA NEAT1 on the development of HB in nude mice was studied. Results. Differentially expressed lncRNA NEAT1/miR-132/MMP9 was obtained through bioinformatics analysis and cell verification. HB-derived exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 regulated miR-132 and MMP9 expression in BMSCs. In addition, HB-derived exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 promoted BMSCs differentiation toward invasive myofibroblast via miR-132/MMP9 axis. LncRNA NEAT1 regulated MMP9 through miR-132. Tumor formation experiments in nude mice showed that HB-derived exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 could affect the development of HB. Conclusion. HB-derived exosomal lncRNA NEAT1 induced BMSCs differentiation into tumor-supporting myofibroblasts via modulating miR-132/MMP9 axis, which provided a new target for HB treatment.
Identification of Immune-Related Prognostic Markers in Gastric Cancer
Authors: He Yanxin , Song Haiping , Jiang Yanfang , Ren Wanhua
Published: March 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor with a high fatality rate. Poor prognosis is the main cause of death caused by GC. In this study, the gene expression difference between GC and the control group was analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to immunity were screened for enrichment analysis. The differences in immune cell infiltration and immune function between GC and normal were identified. Cox regression analysis and survival analysis were used to determine the prognostic genes of GC in TCGA and GSE62254. The potential prognostic role of genes was further evaluated by risk score. Difference genes in GC were analyzed in TCGA. Candidate genes in TCGA and GSE62254 are analyzed, and prognostic genes are determined. The potential prognostic role of genes was further evaluated by risk score. The immune-related prognostic markers in GC were determined. FABP4, LBP, LCN1, CMA1, INHBA, ANGPTL1, ACKR1, GHR, and OGN may be used as markers for monitoring the prognosis of GC in the future.
Experimental Investigations on the Wear Behaviour of Eutectic Al‐7075/CNT/Graphite Composites Manufactured by a Combination of Two‐Stage Stir and Squeeze Casting Techniques
Authors: Swamy Amit , Shamitha C. , Singh Manoj Kumar , Rinawa Moti Lal , Kumar K. V. Pradeep , Al Obaid Sami , Mahadik Mahadeo A. , Alfarraj Saleh , Markos Mebratu
Published: March 2022

The dry sliding wear performance of eutectic Al‐7075‐CNT‐Gr composites was estimated using a pin‐on‐disc wear test. According to the results, the wear and friction coefficients dropped gradually as the weight % of graphite elements improved. The composite’s wear resistance increased significantly as the sliding speed increased from 1 m/s to 2 m/s at 49 N while the load remained constant. 7075‐7.5 wt percent Gr amalgamated, on the other hand, had a more significant coefficient of friction as the sliding speed increased from 1 m/s to 2 m/s at 49 N. After the test, the researchers looked at how the worn‐out surfaces of the specimens originated. The mechanically mixed layer of oxides and iron was used as an effective tribolayer to increase the wear resistance at more incredible sliding speeds in the wear test.
A Facile Review on the Sorption of Heavy Metals and Dyes Using Bionanocomposites
Authors: Aigbe Uyiosa Osagie , Ukhurebor Kingsley Eghonghon , Onyancha Robert Birundu , Okundaye Benedict , Pal Kaushik , Osibote Otolorin Adelaja , Esiekpe Ese Lawrence , Kusuma Heri Septya , Darmokoesoemo Handoko
Published: March 2022

Presently, hazardous metal and dye removal from wastewater is one of the major areas of research focus. For the elimination of these contaminants, many approaches have been devised and applied. However, the accomplishment of various water treatment processes has largely depended on the medium utilized and the associated problem with the leaching of harmful compounds into the water process with most commercial and chemically manufactured materials for water treatment processes. Hence, this study is aimed at reviewing existing studies on the sorption of heavy metals (HMs) and dyes using bionanocomposites (BNCs). The key focus of this review is on the development of eco-friendly, effective, and appropriate nanoadsorbents that could accomplish superior and enhanced contaminant sequestration using BNCs owing to their biodegradability, biocompatible, environmentally friendly, and not posing as secondary waste to the environment. The sorption of most pollutants was observed to be pH, sorbent dosage, and initial contaminant concentration-dependent, with most contaminants’ elimination taking place in the pH range of 2-10. The sorption process of HMs and dyes to various BNCs was superlatively depicted utilizing the Langmuir (LNR) and Freundlich (FL) as well as the pseudo-second-order (PSO) models, suggestive of the sorption process of a monolayer and multilayer and the chemisorption process, the rate-limiting stage in surface sorption. The established sorption capacities for the reviewed sorption process for various contaminants ranged from 1.47 to 740.97 mg/g. Future prospective for the treatment and remediation of contaminated water using BNCs was also discussed.
Experimental Study on Measurement of Drag Coefficient of Sandy Soil Nonlinear Vadose
Authors: Xu Yu-ping , Liu Jing-yuan , Chai Xiu-wei , Shi Sha-sha
Published: March 2022

The seepage characteristics of sand affect its strength, mechanical deformation characteristics, and find safety and stability. The drag coefficient is a dimensionless physical quantity expressing the interaction between fluid and particles, it is also an important parameter that characterizes the permeability of granular soils. Through the seepage test of standard sand with single particle sizes and different grades, analyze the seepage laws of standard sand with different particle sizes in the Darcy and non‐Darcy seepage. The relationship between parameters a and b in the seepage equation and porosity (n), average particle size (d50), nonuniformity coefficient (CU), and curvature coefficient (CC), and their influence degree were studied. An empirical formula for determining the permeability coefficient of standard sand is established. By adding a correction factor and verifying its rationality, the empirical formula of standard sand permeability parameters is finally obtained.
[Retracted] Solanum tuberosum Leaf Extract Templated Synthesis of Co3O4 Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensor and Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Bekele Eneyew Tilahun , Murthy H. C. Ananda , Muniswamy Dhanalakshmi , Lemenh Yeshaneh Adimasu , Shume Minale Shegaw , Tadesse Ayanie Gezahegn , Kumar Avvaru Praveen , Ravikumar C. R. , Balachandran R. , Roy Arpita
Published: March 2022

Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) is a viable alternative methodology because of cost‐effective and availability of environmentally friendly templates for desired application, which has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. In the present study, Co3O4 NPs were synthesized in various volume ratios in the presence of Solanum tuberosum leaf extract as a template. The synthesized Co3O4 NPs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), surface area electron diffraction (SAED), UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐DRS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD analysis found that the average crystalline sizes for the 1 : 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1 volume ratios was 25.83, 21.05, and 27.98 nm, respectively. SEM‐EDX and TEM analyses suggest that the green‐synthesized Co3O4 NPs are spherical in shape without the presence of impurities. The band gap Eg values of the 1 : 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1 volume ratios of Co3O4 NPs were found to be 1.83, 1.77, and 2.19 eV, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of various bioactive ingredients within the leaf extract of Solanum tuberosum. Co3O4 NPs‐modified electrodes showed better sensing capability towards ascorbic acid and citric acid due to enhanced electron transfer kinetics. Among three volume ratios (1 : 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1) of Co3O4 nanoelectrodes, 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 were identified as the best performing nanoelectrodes. This is possibly due to the high catalytic behavior and the more homogenized surface structure. Co3O4 (1 : 2) nanodrug showed the enhanced antibacterial activity (16 mm) towards S. aureus which is attributed to the formation of enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS).