bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METABOLISM FEATURES OF HAPTOGLOBIN AS INFLAMMATION ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION
Authors: Solomennyk G. O. , Bondar O. Ye. , Antsyferova N. V. , Gavrylov A. V.
Published: April 2021

Modern advances in hepatology are characterized by the introduction into practice of interferon−free therapy of chronic hepatitis C, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of methods for non−invasive or minimally invasive diagnosis of morphological changes in the liver. The ineffectiveness of therapy is stipulated by, in particular, the amino acid polymorphism of viral proteins, which determines the resistance of certain variants of HCV to directly acting antiviral drugs. In order to assess the content of haptoglobin in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C depending on the activity of cytolytic enzymes in the serum, the degree of inflammatory−necrotic activity of the process, stage of liver fibrosis, virus genotype, viral load, age and sex of patients, prior to, on the background and after antiviral therapy, 215 patients were examined. The results showed that in most patients the content of haptoglobin in the serum was within normal limits. It correlated with the degree of inflammatory−necrotic activity of hepatitis, the stage of liver fibrosis and did not depend on the biochemical activity of the process, virus genotype, viral load, age and sex of the patient. Determining the content of this protein in the serum before the start of combination antiviral therapy, provided that other factors, leading to hypogaptoglobinemia, with a high probability allowed to diagnose severe fibrosis (cirrhosis) of the liver or its absence, and to predict the absence of its effect. On the background of a combined antiviral therapy with ribavirin, there was a decrease in serum haptoglobin, enabling the use of this index to monitor the activity of drug hemolysis and was a reason not to recommend assessment of liver fibrosis by FibroTest during and after treatment, if its protocol included "antiviral Ribavirin". Key words: HCV infection, morphological changes in liver, liver biopsy, non−invasive diagnosis of fibrosis, antiviral therapy, predictors for treatment outcome, haptoglobin.
ABOUT THE NEED TO CREATE PERSONALIZED REHABILITATION PROGRAMS FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMYELINATING PATHOLOGY
Authors: Chernenko Maksim Yevgenevich
Published: April 2021

In most patients with multiple sclerosis there are developed the pelvic dysfunction, which significantly affects their general condition, impairs quality of life and may even lead to autoaggressive tendencies. Erectile dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is one of the manifestations of pelvic disorders, characterized by clinical heterogeneity and polyetiology. In most cases, the pathogenesis of sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is mixed and is an integrative result of focal spinal cord injury and the patient's personal response to the disease, as well as changes in partnerships and social relationships. Erectile dysfunction in multiple sclerosis is characterized by clinical heterogeneity. The opinion is expressed about the need to develop differentiated personalized programs for its correction in patients taking into account different pathogenetic variants. Regional specifics are no less important in establishing such programs. In order to clarify the pathogenetic variants of erectile dysfunction among 33 men from the Western region of Ukraine with remitting type of multiple sclerosis in the post−performance period, a study was conducted, where three such variants were identified. This is a predominantly the disorder of suprasacral regulation of erection, sacral regulation of erection and psychogenic erectile dysfunction. A variant of erectile dysfunction with a predominant impairment of the sacral regulation of erection was defined as prognostically unfavorable. The obtained data are expected to be used in the development of neurorehabilitation personalized programs for patients with demyelinating pathology, taking into account the regional specifics.

Key words: demyelinating pathology, multiple sclerosis, remitting course, erectile dysfunction, regional specifics.
MORBIDITY IN UKRAINIAN CHILDREN WITH DISEASES OF UPPER AIRWAYS, EAR AND PAPILLARY PROCESS: MODERN ASPECTS
Authors: Samusenko S. O. , Filatova I. V.
Published: April 2021

To determine the main trends in an incidence of childhood diseases of the upper airways, ear and papillary process, the data of the official state statistical information of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine were studied. The dynamics of prevalence and morbidity of children with these diseases in 2009−2017 were analyzed. An increase in the prevalence and incidence of respiratory diseases among the citizens and residents of rural areas by 26.8 % and 30.3 %, respectively, and a decrease in the above indices in urban children by 4.1 % and 3 % respectively were recorded. The incidence and prevalence of ear and papillary process diseases among the urban population increased by 31.8 % and 23.5 % in 2017 compared to 2009, in contrast to the incidence in rural residents for the same diseases (6.2 % and 1.7 %). The tendency of increase in the incidence and prevalence of diseases of the ear and papillary process in children aged 0−14 years by 12.5 % and 10.3 %, and in adolescents these were by 5 % and 11.1 %, respectively. The prevalence of acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis increased by 35 %, laryngitis and tracheitis it did by 20 %, for allergic rhinitis this was by 21.4 % with a decrease in the prevalence of chronic diseases of the tonsils and adenoids by 19.4 % among children aged 0−17 and 16.4 % respectively. The inexpediency of allocating such nosologies as chronic rhinitis and chronic laryngitis for statistical accounting of the state of upper airways morbidity has been determined. It is established that the lack of significant dynamics of morbidity for certain diseases of the ear and papillary process was due to clinically incorrect formation of groups of nosologies for statistical accounting. Prospects for further research to address shortcomings and improve the quality of specialized care have been outlined. Key words: morbidity and prevalence of diseases of the upper airways, ear and papillary process, statistical accounting, children of Ukraine.
MODERN ASPECTS OF ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOMETRIOID HETEROTOPIAS OF PELVIC CAVITY ORGANS
Authors: Novikova A. S. , Kuzmina I. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Diagnosis of endometrioid heterotopias of the pelvic cavity is often complicated, because at the initial stage there are no characteristic sonographic signs of this pathology. However, transvaginal ultrasound can be used as the main imaging method in the patients with suspected endometriosis. Due to a wide variety of forms and degrees of endometriosis, the similarity of clinical signs of other diseases, frequent asymptomatic course of the disease are objective difficulties in the correct and timely diagnosis of endometrioid heterotopias of the pelvic cavity. Ultrasonography can be used both to detect and to monitor the dynamics of endometriosis. Transvaginal sonography allows a qualitative detection of endometrioid heterotopias of the pelvis and with a high probability to reveal endometrioid cysts, hydrosalpinx, hematosalpinx, peritoneal endometriosis and is considered the best method of visualization of the endometrium. There were examined 57 patients with various forms of endometrioid heterotopias of the pelvic organs by transvaginal ultrasonography, which was performed on the 5th−9th day of the menstrual cycle. Adenomyosis of various degrees has been diagnosed, which should be understood as a disease consisting of ectopic location of endometrial glands and stroma as well as muscle changes. Due to the variety of forms and degrees of endometriosis, combination with clinical signs of other diseases, often asymptomatic course of the disease, which leads to severe damage to the reproductive system, there are objective difficulties in correct and timely diagnosis of endometrioid heterotopias and pelvic cavity organs. Modern visual methods of transvaginal ultrasonography are the key to correctly determining the stage and extent of endometriosis, which will directly affect the choice of treatment.

Key words: endometriosis, heterotopia, ultrasound diagnostics, pelvic cavity.
USE OF ENTEROSORPTION TO PREVENT ENDOTOXEMIA IN ACUTE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Shevchenko A. N. , Merkulov Andrei Alekseevich , Tkach Sergei Valerevich , Myroshnychenko D. O. , Volchenko Igor Vladimirovich , Bilodid Ye. O. , Yatsko K. M. , Gordienko P. O.
Published: April 2021

The relevance of studying the measures to prevent the development of endotoxemia in acute intestinal obstruction is stipulated with an increasing incidence of multiple organ failure in debilitated patients and infectious−toxic shock. The development of endotoxemia is often accompanied with a secondary infection. Toxic effects of bacteria in small intestine, the trigger of which is their translocation and transformation of the small intestine into a focus of microbial invasion, prolongs the postoperative period, which increases the length of stay in the surgical hospital. Much attention is paid to the pathogenesis of the development of small bowel contamination syndrome, which results in changes in intestinal biocenosis and increased intoxication of the body, which worsens the patient general condition. To examine the results of entersorption as a method of detoxification and control of infectious and toxic complications in the patients with an acute intestinal obstruction before surgery to optimize surgical tactics and prevent post−surgery complications, a study was conducted in 36 patients with different stages of the disease. The effectiveness of detoxification in the combined treatment of an acute intestinal obstruction has been confirmed, which is indicated by the reduced pain, regression of radiological signs of obstruction in the patients and early normalization of their main clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters. The use of the method of enterosorption as part of a comprehensive approach in the period after surgery contributed to the early restoration of intestinal motility, reducing the number of complications, improving the general condition of patients. Thus, the method of enterosorption is one of the most effective of modern detoxification methods, which determines its relevance and further prospects to study this problem.

Key words: acute intestinal obstruction, endotoxemia, enterosorption.
MODERN PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF WOMEN WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM STATE
Authors: Kuzmina O. A.
Published: April 2021

Abnormal uterine bleeding in women of childbearing potential requires effective emergency care. To determine the features of disorders in the hemostasis system, 120 women were directly examined at the time of bleeding on admission to the hospital, during treatment on days 5−7 of the menstrual cycle, as well as after 6−12 months from the end of treatment. Determination of congenital and acquired defects of the hemostasis system became the main criterion for the selection of combined and isolated forms of abnormal uterine bleeding. Treatment measures for patients were etiopathogenetically selected and individually the intensity of bleeding, the degree of anemia, coagulation parameters were taken into account. The staged treatment involved stopping the bleeding, regulating the menstrual cycle and further preventing the bleeding. It has been found that uterine bleeding in reproductive age in the absence of etiopathogenetic treatment leads to the development of posthemorrhagic anemia. The severity and nature of bleeding is determined by the presence of defects in the platelet system of the hemostasis system with impaired platelet aggregation function. The study of total coagulation potential, primary hemostasis and the state of intravascular hemocoagulation in the patients using the methods for estimating the amount of platelet aggregation allows to detect and differentiate disorders in the hemostasis system. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the use of fibrinolysis inhibitors in the patients with abnormal uterine bleeding helps to increase the activity of the blood coagulation system and complete cessation of bleeding on the 2nd−5th day. Prophylactic administration of antifibrinolytic drugs from the first day of the menstrual cycle reduces blood loss, stabilizes menstrual function and significantly improves the psycho−emotional state of patients.

Key words: abnormal uterine bleeding, blood clotting, fibrinolysis inhibitors.
ROLE OF ADIPOSE TISSUE AND ADIPOKINES IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION DEVELOPMENT ON METABOLIC SYNDROME BACKGROUND
Authors: Shutova N. A. , Kuzmina I. Yu.
Published: April 2021

The most pressing issue that combines obesity and insulin resistance is chronic subclinical inflammation, which affects the metabolic and secretory functions of adipose tissue, and is important for the development of pathological processes. The morphological basis of inflammation is the infiltration of adipose tissue by immune competent cells. Biologically active substances specific for adipose tissue are considered to be the collagen−like protein adiponectin and the protein hormone leptin, which are secreted in adipocytes. Leptin stimulates the cellular immune response and increases the production of pro−inflammatory cytokines, and adiponectin is thought to have anti−inflammatory properties. With the development of metabolic syndrome, the concentration of adiponectin in blood decreases, and that of leptin increases. To establish the relationship between serum leptin levels with markers of systemic inflammation and spontaneous production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as mononuclear blood leukocytes, an experimental study was conducted, i.e. modeling the metabolic syndrome in white female rats WAG / GSto aged 5−6 months. The predominance of proinflammatory cytokines: interleukins − 1β, −6, −8, −10, TNF−α in supernatants of mononuclear leukocytes with increasing leptin concentration, which is consistent with the view of its ability to stimulate cell immunity and affect the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It is proven that an increase in leptin levels in metabolic syndrome is not only a symptom that characterizes the functional state of adipose tissue, but also causes spontaneous production of proinflammatory cytokines and mononuclear leukocytes in blood, that is pathogenetically interrelated with the systemic inflammatory response. It is established that the change in the cytokine profile in the serum becomes a forecast of the formation and effectiveness of treatment of metabolic syndrome on the background of obesity.

Key words: obesity, metabolic syndrome, undifferentiated chronic inflammation, cytokines.
SONOGRAPHIC MARKERS OF ASSOCIATION OF FOLATE CYCLE POLYMORPHIC GENES AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS
Authors: Alieva T. D.
Published: April 2021

Reproductive losses in Ukraine are about twice the European average, but have the same causes: miscarriage, abortion, malformations, parental infertility, death of women of childbearing age and children under six days of age. The study focuses on genetically determined reproductive losses associated with folate cycle polymorphism, some other polymorphisms, and epigenetic factors that increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods of systematic and demographic analysis studied the indices of medical and statistical observation of the population of the Kharkiv region within the period of 2008−2018 with an emphasis on the results of biochemical, molecular genetic and sonographic examinations of pregnant women. Data on the number of examined pregnant women were analyzed using ultrasonographic and biochemical studies at the level of alpha−fetoprotein, chorionic gonadotropin and free estriol in the framework of selective screening programs for pregnant women. Statistical data on the number of fetuses and newborns who died during the first − sixth day after birth, with a distribution on the basis of full−term have been studied. The data are compared with similar national indices. The directions of reducing the reproductive losses are offered, including complex inspection of pregnant women with use of ultrasonography, biochemical and molecular−genetic methods of diagnostics of genetic diseases and defects of fetus development. Among the epigenetic factors we have identified obesity and old age of pregnant women, among the types of abortions we did medical abortions associated with stillborn pregnancies, as well as miscarriages. The findings of the study can be used to minimize the effects of risk factors for reproductive loss in the activity of general practitioners. Key words: polymorphism of folate cycle genes, reproductive losses, miscarriage, congenital malformations of fetus, ultrasonography.
FORMATION, ASSESSMENT AND CORRECTION OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH COMORBID CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY AND CORONARY HEART DISEASES
Authors: Tokarieva A. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important health, social and economic issue. It is one of the leading morbidity and mortality causes worldwide. Comorbid pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary and coronary heart diseases occurs quite often. For the patients over 60 years, the frequency of their combination directly depends on age due to common pathogenetic mechanisms (oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, etc.). Often these diseases are accompanied with cognitive disorders. Impaired memory and other cognitive functions significantly reduce the quality of life of the patients, negatively affect professional activities, reduce the ability to learn, reduce compliance with therapy, complicate psychological contact with the physician, and worsen the lives of relatives. But there is still no common clear understanding of many aspects of the development of cognitive disorders, their mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with coronary heart disease. Therefore, there is no single standard method to treat such patients. In addition to medications (vasoactive and neurotropic drugs), alternative methods are used to treat cognitive disorders, namely these are special exercises to train memory and attention (cognitive training). Methods aimed at increasing the patient's motivation, learning effective memorization strategies, training the ability to maintain a long−term concentration, active involvement of emotional support and imagination are relevant. The use of available non−drug methods, dosed exercise and proper nutrition can reduce the severity of cognitive disorders and thereby improve the quality of life of the patients and their immediate environment.

Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, comorbidity, cognitive disorders
ISTHMOCELE: ETIOLOGY, CLINIC, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (Literature review)
Authors: Kandyba L. I. , Sykal I. M. , Olkhovska V. M. , Sokol M. P.
Published: April 2021

Modern obstetrics is characterized with a loyal approach to surgical delivery, which has significantly affected the activity of maternity hospitals: the number of complications in childbirth from both the mother and fetus has decreased. The formed scar on the uterus is determined differently when examining the women in the postoperative period. Isthmocele is a hypogenic area in the myometrium within the site of postoperative scar in the form of a "niche", diverticulum or sac after cesarean section. It can lead to the development of diseases: abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, infertility, adenomyosis, bladder dysfunction, as well as be the cause of ectopic pregnancy, uterine rupture, abnormalities in the placenta attachment of. Risk factors for isthmocele include low uterine incisions, a history of cervical removal, cervical dilatation of more than 5 cm, more than five hours of delivery, etc. For the first time the diagnosis of "isthmocele" is made at ultrasonic research, more often transvaginal one. The diagnosis is confirmed by hysteroscopy or constructive surgery. An important criterion for ismocele is the degree of deficiency, i.e. the ratio between the the biometry thickness on the scar and adjacent to the scar the myometrium area. Depending on the woman's reproductive plans, conservative or surgical treatment of isthmocele is recommended, using autologous stem cells to regenerate muscle tissue. Conservative treatment involves taking oral contraceptives. Surgical treatment includes the imposition of a two−row single−wing suture. The use of stem cells in the postoperative period allows a rise in the frequency of pregnancies in women with a scar on the uterus in the case of the isthmocele formation.

Key words: isthmocele, cesarean section, myometrium, autocells.
НЕГАТИВНІ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ВПЛИВИ НА ЛЮДИНУ В СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ: КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА МОДЕЛЬ
Authors: Слюсаревський Микола Миколайович
Published: April 2021

Розглянуто небезпечні для людини виклики сучасного світу, що попри різне походження (природне, техногенне, соціальне), мають інформаційну природу, підґрунтя або принаймні виразні інформаційні кореляти. Виокремлено домінантні властивості сучасного інформаційного середовища, на основі яких запропоновано концептуальну модель, що дає змогу розрізняти два основних типи негативних інформаційних впливів: експліцитно шкідливі та імпліцитно шкідливі. Показано, що різний характер зумовленості цих впливів передбачає різні підходи до убезпечення від них людини, її світогляду і психіки.
PENGARUH BOARD DIVERSITY, KOMPENSASI DEWAN DIREKSI DAN KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DEWAN DIREKSI TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Pradana Marrieda Testarossa , Khairusoalihin Khairusoalihin
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the proportion of women in the board of directors, educational background of the board of directors and independent directors and compensation of the board of directors and managerial ownership on company value in goods and consumer sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2015 - 2019.

The research population used is manufacturing companies in the goods and consumption sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015–2019. The method in this study uses proposive sampling. With this method, the number of samples in this study was obtained as many as 9 companies. The analytical tool of this study uses multiple linear regression.

The results of the study show that (1) partially the educational background of the board of directors has a negative and significant effect on firm value, independent directors have a positive and significant effect on firm value, (2) while the proportion of women in directors, board compensation and managerial ownership has no effect. significant towards firm value, (3) simultaneously the proportion of women on the board of directors, educational background of the board of directors, independent directors, compensation for the board of directors and managerial ownership have a significant effect on firm value.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (STUDI PADA BANK UMUM KELOMPOK USAHA)
Authors: Nurfauziah Nurfauziah , Mulyati Sri
Published: April 2021

Risk management is part of a comprehensive business strategy with the aim of contributing to protecting and increasing shareholder value. An increase in stock value indicates an increase in stock returns obtained by investors. This study examines the effect of risk management implementation on bank stock returns as seen from the bank book group, namely bank book group 1, bank book group 2, bank book group 3 and bank book group 4. The application of risk management is seen from credit risk, liquidity risk, risk. operational and market risk. The research was conducted on all commercial banks that went public and were active from 2015 to 2019, as many as 44 banks. The results of the study state that: overall (for all bank book groups) the application of risk management, namely credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and market risk does not affect stock returns, except for bank book group 1, credit risk and operational risk and market risk for book group 4 has a significant effect on stock returns.
Trends of Fatal Poisoning in Jhalawar Region of Rajasthan: A 5 - Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Ramakant Verma  , Khushpal Singh Rathore  , Bhavesh Bohra
Published: April 2021

India is predominantly an agriculture based economy. Problem of poisoning is one of the importantcauses of mortality and morbidity in India and other agriculture based developing countries due to easyavailability, low cost and no restriction on sale and supply of insecticidal compounds. The aim of this studyis to find out the association of episodes of fatal poisoning with various factors like age, gender, area ofresidence, religion, occupation type of poison and manner of death. This retrospective study was carriedout on total poisoning cases brought to mortuary of Jhalawar Medical College and associated group ofhospitals, Jhalawar (Rajasthan) in 5 year duration from 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2018. In thisstudy maximum cases of poisoning were of age group 21 - 30 year, incidence were more among malesbelonged to rural population who were involved in agricultural work. Majority of poisoning cases were dueto Organophosphorus compounds.
Oral Health Status of 12-15 Years Old School Going Children in Lucknow City
Authors: Rashmi Lata  , Shitanshu Malhotra  , Madhusudan Krishna  , Manu Narayan  , Om Veer Singh  , Neeraj Kumar
Published: April 2021

Aim: To evaluate oral health status of 12-15 years old school going children in Lucknow.Material and Method: The study was carried out during January 2019 to August 2019. Total 1200 schoolgoing children of age 12 to 15 years were taken in this study. Schools were selected by multistage randomsampling technique. There were total 814 schools in the Lucknow, out of which 24 schools were taken inthe study area in which 11 were government schools and remaining 13 were private schools. Closed-endedquestionnaire consisting of demographic data, three questions of oral hygiene practices and four indiceswere used. Dental examination was done to assess the dental caries status, oral hygiene status, presence ofmalocclusion and gingival status. Data was analysed by using SPSS software version 21.Results: Toothpaste and toothpowder were used as material by 73.2% and 25.3% of the subjects respectively.The maximum DMFT scores was seen among 12 years, then 15 years, then 14 years and least in 13 years.Maximum 13 years old students reported fair oral hygiene index. The comparison of study participants withregard to age of the student was not found to be significant.Conclusion: To conclude, the results of the present study confirmed that there is increased prevalence ofmalocclusion among children in the 12 to 15 year age group. Among all the age group, oral hygiene statuswas observed to be fair.
Refugees in the COVID-19
Authors: Rubina Grewal  , R.L.Koul
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 brought about most unprecedented public health and socio-economic crisis in our lifetime. Itaffects us all, especially the vulnerable populations, which refugees and migrants often find themselves in.COVID-19 could have even more dire consequences in refugees camps than in general populations.Refugeesand migrants are potentially at increased risk of contracting diseases, including COVID-19, because theytypically live in overcrowded conditions without access to basic sanitation. The ability to access health-careservices in humanitarian settings is usually compromised and exacerbated by shortages of medicines andlack of health-care facilities. Moreover, refugees typically face administrative, financial, legal and languagebarriers to access the health system.Forced migration is at record highs in 2020, with around 70.8 million people around the world being forciblydisplaced. The risk of communicating the novel covid 19 increases in case of the refugees because theycome from the diverse regions of the world which might be facing a higher risk to lives due to the pandemic.Therefore, the health professionals need to be more vigilant.As the COVID-19 situation around the world changes, CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)is monitoring COVID-19 risk in each destination and making travel recommendations. Travel HealthNotices inform travelers and clinicians about current health issues that impact travelers’ health, like diseaseoutbreaks, special events or gatherings, and natural disasters, in destinations around the world.The sudden outbreak of the pandemic has posed a serious ultimatum to the world of providing propershelter, asylum and healthcare facilities to the refugees. However, public health professionals, communityorganizations as World Health Organization (WHO) and UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR),resettlement agencies, and healthcare providers can assist refugees arriving in the United States by providingthem with information they need to protect themselves from COVID-19.
Ajan Vruksha/ Khandu Chakka (Ehretia Laevis Roxb). Plant Leaves as A Effective Healer in Chronic Varicose Vein Ulcer. – A Case Report
Authors: Rushikesh Thakre  , Preeti Sujit Borkar  , Ketaki Harne  , Pradip Tekade
Published: April 2021

Introduction— Varicose vein ulcer is caused by abnormal function of veins due to chronic vein insufficiency,vein damage, ageing, obesity, congestive heart failure. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. plant is traditionally used forwounds(1) . Also its efficacy is tested in various wounds except chronic varicose ulcer.(2)The main symptoms of the patient and the important clinical findings:- Patient having swelling, rednessat right foot, yellowish pus discharge, blackness of skin and presence of ulcer since three years with severepain and inability to perform his regular dutiesThe main diagnoses, therapeutics interventions, and outcomes:- Patient having chronic varicosevein ulcer at right leg since three years. Ehretia Laevis Roxb. leaves paste was prepared under all asepticprecaution and daily dressing of Ehretia Laevis Roxb. paste done on wound. Severe pain was reduced within48 hrs after application of paste, which was significant finding. Wound was healed within 40 days withoutany complication and use of antibiotics and pain killerConclusion— Patient was very happy as he got immediate relief from pain and his wound was healedwithout any invasive procedures by application of Ehretia Laevis Roxb. leaves paste.
A Practical Perspective of Forensic Odontology in Age Estimation: 2 Medico Legal Case Studies
Authors: S.Lavanya  , L.Anand Kumar
Published: April 2021

Forensic odontology is the branch of forensics that deals with human identification based on dental features.We discussed in this paper the medico-legal importance of different ages and the method of age estimation forlegal obligations along with case studies. Dental structures along with the skeletal age and secondary sexualcharacteristics as a method of assessing age in different age groups is increasingly used in both criminaland civil proceedings, which falls within the purview of forensic odontology. Hence, a good knowledge forevery dentist is necessary about various forensic methods like chronology of primary and permanent teeth,DNA studies, Cheiloscopy, Palatal rugae assessments etc for identification of an individual to assess factorslike age, sex, and so can able to play vital role in practice of Forensic Odontology
Sex Determination using the Ischiopubic Index in South Indian Population
Authors: S. K. Nawaz Ahmed  , M. Sreenivasan
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to use the Ischiopubic index to explore the sex differences in the pelvis betweenthe male and female bones. The pelvis is characterized by sexually dimorphic features and thus it can beused for sex determination while establishing the biological profile in unknown skeletal remains. In thisstudy we have assessed the sex prediction potential of the Ischiopubic index using 72 dry innominate hipbones (38 male and 34 female) belonging to South Indian population. The lengths of the pubis and ischiumwere measured in these bones and the Ischiopubic index was calculated as per Washburn’s formula. TheIschiopubic index was calculated to be 85.46 ± 3.63 mm. in males (Range 74.15 - 95.28 mm.) and 97.75 ±4.10 mm. in females (Range 89.56 - 116.37 mm.). Application of the Student’s t test showed that there wasa statistically significant difference in the Ischiopubic index between the male and female pelvic bones witha p <0.001.
Estimation of Stature from Living Adult Females belonging to Tamil Population using Percutaneous Tibial Length
Authors: S. K. Nawaz Ahmed  , M. Sreenivasan
Published: April 2021

Establishment of the identity of an individual from dismembered remains or skeletal remains is a commonproblem encountered by the Forensic Pathologist and can be a challenging task. In addition to age and sex,stature is an anthropological parameter that is indispensable in establishing the identity of an individual.In the present study, we have analyzed the relationship between stature and percutaneous Tibial lengths(PCTL) and derived a regression equation for a specific population. The parameters namely, the statureand percutaneous Tibial lengths (PCTL) of both lower limbs were measured in 115 females belonging toTamil population and recorded. The subjects were in the age group of 21-30 years. Analysis of the resultsinvolved the use of the Pearson’s correlation to derive the relationship between the parameters and establishthe dependence of the stature on the length of the left and right Tibia respectively in the study subjects. Theresults from this present study attest to the utility of the percutaneous Tibial lengths (PCTL) in determinationof the stature in females belonging to the Tamil population.
Mobile Phone Utility and Its Effects on Health among Medical Students in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Saptarishi Bose  , Sushant Kumar Mishra
Published: April 2021

Background: Mobile phone has become important in everyday life and internet utility have increasedespecially among the student community. Overuse of mobile phone has been associated with many healthissues. Objective was to know the mobile phone usage pattern and its health effects among medical students.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among medical students of GSL Medical College,Rajahmundry including 287 students from first to third MBBS. Data was collected using a pre-testedquestionnaire consisting of socio-demographic parameters, pattern of mobile phone usage like mode of use,time of maximum use etc. and the health effect variables like headache, fatigue, neck pain, painful fingersetc. Statistical analysis was done using MS-Excel 2007 and SPSS v 22, chi-square test was applied andp<0.05 was considered significant.Results: 95% were using smart phone and 83% were having single phone. Maximum were using for 4-6years (55%). Internet was used for academic purpose in 90%. Majority of them experienced eyes symptoms(55.23%) followed by sleep deprivation (46.21%) and headache (42.60%).Conclusions: Mobile phone are having positive role in our daily lives but its overuse has bad impact onhealth of students.
Stability of Palatal Rugae after Rapid Maxillary Expansion
Authors: Sarika K  , Parvathy Ghosh  , Sapna Varma  , Ajith V.V  , Krishna Sruthy
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Palatal rugae or plicae palatine are uneven ridges made of connective tissue situatedbeneath the incisive papilla. DNA analysis, finger prints analysis, are the most common techniques usedfor establishing person’s identity but in situation where using these techniques are difficult palatal rugaecan be used as a second source of identification. However, some habits like prolonged thumb sucking andorthodontic treatment for long duration could affect the rugae pattern. Hence, this study aims to evaluate thechanges in transverse dimensions of palatal rugae in subjects treated with rapid maxillary expansionMaterial and Methods: The palatal rugae patterns were measured and compared to evaluate the morphometricchanges between pre-treatment cast (30 Pre-RME) and its post-treatment (30 Post-RME) counterpart. Allpre-and post-expansion dental casts were traced and the intermedial and interlateral dimensions of first,second and third rugae were measured. The statistical analysis was done using paired t test.Conclusion: The medial aspect of first primary rugae can be considered as a stable reference landmarkwhile the lateral and medial aspects of the 2nd and 3rd rugae are liable to changes in transverse dimension.Hence, for forensic identification the stability of palatal rugae in patients who had undergone rapid maxillaryexpansion still remains questionable
The Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises on the Physiological and Psychological Variables of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Shakuntala  , Jaspreet Kaur  , Monisha.K.Masih  , Jyoti Sarin
Published: April 2021

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing exercises on physiological and psychological variables of patientswith pulmonary tuberculosis in selected hospital at Ambala, Haryana.TB is a 7th killer disease in the world and one of the top 10 causes of death. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is aninfection, which causes widespread pulmonary fibrosis and cavitation, and often leaves the patient with a chronicrespiratory deficit as a result.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of breathing exercises on physiologicaland psychological variables of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Material and Methods: A quasi experimental design using non-equivalent control group pretest- posttest designwas conducted on 110 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (55 in comparison group and 55 in experimental group) inDOTS center of UPHC RavidasMajriInderpuri colonyAmbala city, UPHC Baldev NagarAmbala city, UPHC DurgaNagar Ambala city and CHC Mullana. The dependent variables were physiological variables (dyspnea, spo2, heartrate, respiratory rate) and psychological variables (anxiety, quality of life). Pretest was taken in UPHC Durga NagarAmbala city and CHC Mullana on day 1 and posttest was taken inUPHC RavidasMajriInderpuri colonyAmbala cityand UPHC Baldev NagarAmbala cityon day 30. In experimental group, breathing exercises were administered by theresearcher two times a week. Each session was of 30 minutes including 4 breathing exercises (pursed lip breathingexercise, diaphragmatic breathing exercise, deep breathing exercise and segmental breathing exercise) and eachexercise was performed for 6-8 times. Other days patients were estimated to perform breathing exercises themselvesat home and on day 30, posttest was taken.Results: Both the groups were homogenous with respect to physiological and psychological variables before theadministration of breathing exercises. On day 30, the mean dyspnea score and anxiety score of experimental groupwas significantly lower than comparison group (p<0.05). The quality of life of patients in experimental group wassignificantly better than comparison group at day 30.Conclusion:Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that breathing exercises are effective in reducingthe dyspnea, anxiety, HR and RR. Breathing exercises are effective in improving theO2saturation, blood pressure andquality of life among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Molecular Identification of epsA and ompA genes for Acintobacter baumannii Isolated from Burn Wounds
Authors: Shaymaa Mohsin Shareef  , Mohsan Hashim Risan
Published: April 2021

This study was designed to molecular detection of epsA and ompA genes for Acinetobacter baumanniiIsolates that isolated from clinical. Burn wounds samples from a total of 80 clinical different Wounds,samples were collected from Ghazi Al Hariri Hospital and Baghdad hospital in Baghdad / Iraq. The resultsof the current study showed that seventy (87.5%) were clinical wounds positive samples, while the rest (10)were negative wounds samples (12.5 %). From 70 samples inoculated on the Chromagar Acinetobacter, 10isolate were grown on the medium, A. baumannii isolates on the Chromagar appeared as bright red coloniesafter 24h and incubation at 37 C . The results of epsA and ompA genes detection clarify that 8 isolate(80%) of A. baumannii isolates gave a positive result and carrying epsA and ompA genes while 2 (20%) ofAcintobacter baumannii isolates were lack the gene and no cross reactivity could be observed with any ofthe AS-3 and AS-9 isolates. The identification of A. baumannii isolates were depended on culturing theseisolates on CHROM agar Acinetobacter, MacConkey, blood, nutrient agar, biochemical tests and API NE 20test VITEK 2 . Compact were carried out the confirms. Results showed the amplification of epsA and ompAgenes for eight. A. baumannii isolates were AS-1, AS-2, AS-4, AS-5, AS-6, AS-7, AS-8 and AS-10. PCRproduct 531 bp of ompA gene and 451 bp of epsA gene.
Assess the Effectiveness of Self-Instruction Module on Knowledge Regarding Nipah Virus Infection and Its Prevention among General Population
Authors: Sheetal Sakharkar  , Samrudhi Gujar  , Ruchira Ankar  , Ranjana Sharma  , Savita Pohekar  , Arati Raut
Published: April 2021

Introduction: NipahVirus infection is a newly appear animal disease that develop a serious disease in bothanimal group and human being. NiV is a contagious agent which develops the serious illnesses by the Nipah(genus Henipavirus). NiV may be spread from animal (e.g. bats or pigs) or infected foodstuffs to man andmay also be spread directly from mans to mans. Case mortality levels are reported at 40% to 75%, based onepidemiological monitoring and clinical intervention. This incidence can vary by epidemic. A self-instructionmodule on knowledge regarding Nipah virus infection and its prevention among general population helps toimprove and update the knowledge regarding Nipah virus infection. Hence the investigator felt the need todevelop a self instruction module for preventing Nipah virus infection.Aim: To determine the effectiveness of self instruction module on knowledge regarding Nipah virus infectionand its prevention among general population.Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct this study. Nonprobability convenient sampling technique used to collect data from general population on the basis ofstructured knowledge questioner. After collecting pretest data, self-instructional module was given forintervention on knowledge regarding Nipah virus infection and its prevention among general population.Seven days were given to the samples for utilizing self instructional module which was organized for 45-50 minutes. Post-test information was gathered after seven days from the day of intervention. The samplecharacteristics were described by frequency, percentage and t-test was used to describe the differencebetween pre-test and post-test knowledge score. Chi-square test was also used to find out the associationbetween knowledge of general population regarding Nipah virus infection and its prevention with selecteddemographic variables.Result: The findings showed that in pretest 112 (93.33 %) general population had average knowledge,08(6.67%) general population had good knowledge, whereas post test 7(5.8 %) had good knowledge, 113(94.17%) had excellent knowledge.Conclusion: Nipah Virus is a newly emerging animal disease that leads to a serious disease in both animalsand humans. Nipah virus may be transmitted to mans from animals (e.g. bats or pigs) or infected foods, andmay also be transmitted directly from mans to mans so as this intervention will helpful to aware the generalpopulation to prevent Nipah virus infection and its complication.
Estimation of Stature from Hand Dimensions
Authors: Shreeya R  , Magendran Chandran
Published: April 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to estimate stature from hand dimensions in the South Indianpopulation. It is a very useful tool in forensic anthropology where only incomplete skeletal remains ormutilated limbs are present.Method: The study was done using standard measuring apparatus such as stadiometer to measure stature,and vernier callipers to measure hand length, palm length, hand breadth, and maximum hand breadth,and included both males and females. Regression formula and correlation was derived between handmeasurements and stature.Results: In this study, regression formula is derived with eight variables generalized for both males and females, S=63.686+7.466RHL-2.298LHL-4.698RPL+3.697LPL+6.160RHB-9.622LHB+2.810RMHB+1.708LMHB± 6.55977. Linear Regression equation for males and females have been derived separately with each ofthe hand parameters.Conclusion: In conclusion, hand measurements can be an effective tool in estimating stature for individualsabove 18 years of age.
TNCS in the Context of Environment and Toxicology: A Critical Study
Authors: Shreya Sarkar  , J. K. Mittal
Published: April 2021

The research topic concerning environment and toxicology has its unique importance. Toxicology as a subjectearlier seems confined to practice of diagnosing toxins and toxicants and treatment thereto. In its expandedhorizon it started studying the industrial toxins and their emission into the environment. With the industrialgrowth and emergence of ‘Transnational Corporations’(TNC’s) countries across the globe are facing newchallenges on environmental front. Accordingly, toxicology became interested in studying adverse effects ofchemicals on living organisms with eco-system as carrier. The toxins released from industries and E-wasteare cause of Toxic Jaundice, Toxic Cough, Toxic Paralysis, Toxic Shock Syndrome, besides Toxicosis andother diseases. International Conventions have been arranged to protect environment. Indian Constitutionimposes duty on State towards improving public health, prevention of hazards, besides duty on citizens toimprove environment. Responsibility on TNC’s as visualised by leak of poisonous Methyl isocyanate fromUnion Carbide is a pointer towards this.The deliberations under the Research topic being relation betweenIndustry, Environment, Health Hazard and Toxicology and areas of appropriate Management thereto.
Sociodemographic Profile and Pattern of Injuries Due to Fall From Height in a Tertiary Hospital of South India- A 2 Year Retrospective Study
Authors: P Shruthi  , U.S Tanuja
Published: April 2021

Globally, falls from height (FFH) are a substantial public health peril and are among the foremost causesof serious and fatal injuries sustained to a victim. Falls are the second leading cause of accidental orunintentional injury deaths worldwide. This retrospective study consisting of 182 cases was undertakento study the sociodemographic profile and injury pattern in victims of fall from height for a period of 2years . Males outnumbered the females (3.04:1). Most of the victims were construction workers (43.40%)by occupation . Most of incidents 117 (64.28%) took place in semi urban area and 45 (24.72%) victimsoccurred in the Urban locality. 49.45% of the cases (90) occurred in the summer season.37.91% of the eventswere seen between 12 Noon to 6 PM. In majority of cases, side of the body was the primary site of impact(25.27%) followed by head injury (21.43). 12.08% of the cases turned fatal. Implementation of adequatesafety measures would effectively reduce the incidence of mortality and morbidity associated with fall fromheight .