bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HARMONISASI TRADISI MEPERAS SENTANA DALAM PERSIDANGAN PERMOHONAN PENGANGKATAN ANAK DI PENGADILAN NEGERI DENPASAR
Authors: ARTHANI NI LUH GEDE YOGI , Kumala Dewi Ni Komang Ratih , Lestari Anak Agung Adi , Dita Sari Ni Nyoman Candra , Adnyadewi Ni Made Santi
Published: January 2025

Adoption is a solution for couples unable to have children. In Bali, adoption involves a traditional ceremony known as meperas sentana, which holds spiritual and social significance under Balinese customary law. This study aims to analyze the reasons behind the performance of the meperas sentana ceremony prior to the child adoption process in the Denpasar District Court, examining both customary and formal legal aspects. The findings reveal that 52% of respondents understand adoption according to Balinese customary law, while 68% are familiar with adoption under national law. The varying levels of understanding highlight the need for increased socialization of both legal systems. This study provides insights into the importance of balancing the preservation of local traditions with compliance with national law in child adoption practices in Bali.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS IMPLIKASI POSITIVISME HUKUM DALAM MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: SANTOSO WAYAN
Published: January 2025

Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan hak kodrati yang dimiliki oleh setiap manusia tanpa terkecuali dan berhak untuk diberikan perlindungan, keamanan, kehidupan yang layak, kebebasan berpendapat dan merdeka dari segala bentuk penindasan yang ada serta dalam hal ini wajib dijunjung tinggi oleh setiap individu dan negara juga harus mengakui keberadaan , menghormati, menghargai dan mengakui keberadaan Hak asasi manusia itu sendiri. Berkaitan dengan hak asasi manusia, perlindungan terhadap perempuan sendiri merupakan salah satu aspek dalam menghormati dan menghargai hak asasi manusia itu sendiri. Perempuan merupakan suatu kelompok dalam masyarakat di suatu negara. Secara lebih jelas Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia sendiri memang tidak mengatur secara khusus dan eksplisit mengenai adanya jaminan hak asasi manusia tehadap kelompok perempuan itu sendiri. Selain itu aturan –aturan yang ada juga diharapkan untuk dapat melindungi setiap warga negaranya. Aturan-aturan yang ada juga tentu dipengaruhi oleh aliran positivisme hukum. Positivisme hukum yang ada dapat dilihat kembali dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tujuan diundangkannya KUHP teresebut apakah akan memberikan suatu perlindungan atas suatu kejahatan dan pelanggaran maupun untuk sebuah perangkat hukum yang secara tertulis untuk mencegah tindakan sewenang-wenang yang dilakukan oleh pejabat dan penguasa negara.
Integrating Stochastic Programming and Machine Learning for Enhanced Pre-disaster Relocation Planning
Authors: Zhou Yuqun , Cen Zuen
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a novel framework that integrates stochastic programming and machine learning to optimize pre-disaster relocation strategies. Building upon existing game-theoretic and decision analysis models, this study presents a two-stage stochastic programming model coupled with predictive analytics to manage uncertainties associated with flooding risks and resident relocation behaviors. Machine learning algorithms, such as decision trees and gradient boosting, are employed to capture the variability in residents' decision-making, enhancing the precision of subsidy and policy impact forecasts. This combined approach offers governments innovative tools for implementing cost-effective, proactive relocation measures that mitigate long-term social and economic disruption. Additionally, by leveraging stochastic programming's robust handling of uncertainty and machine learning's data-driven insights, the framework ensures that relocation policies are both adaptive and equitable, addressing diverse community needs and long-term resilience planning.
PERANCANGAN ALAT PENDETEKSI KANTUK UNTUK PENGENDARA MOBIL BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Lambonan Stefi , Ferdinandus Aprildy R. A. , Bumbungan Santo J.
Published: January 2025

Kecelakaan lalu lintas yang disebabkan oleh pengemudi yang mengantuk merupakan masalah serius yang memerlukan solusi efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun alat pendeteksi kantuk berbasis Arduino yang dapat meningkatkan keselamatan berkendara. Sistem ini menggunakan Arduino Nano sebagai mikrokontroler utama, sensor Gyro Accelerometer MPU6500 untuk mendeteksi gerakan kepala pengemudi, serta Buzzer sebagai alarm peringatan. Sensor MPU6500 digunakan untuk mengukur perubahan posisi kepala yang mengindikasikan tanda-tanda kantuk, seperti penurunan kepala yang berulang atau gerakan yang tidak stabil. Data dari sensor diproses oleh Arduino Nano, dan ketika pola kantuk terdeteksi, Buzzer akan berbunyi sebagai tanda peringatan kepada pengemudi untuk beristirahat sejenak. Pengujian sistem dilakukan untuk memastikan akurasi dan responsivitas alat. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat ini mampu mendeteksi tanda-tanda kantuk dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dan memberikan peringatan yang cepat dan efektif. Alat ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi praktis untuk mengurangi risiko kecelakaan akibat kantuk, serta meningkatkan keselamatan pengemudi dan penumpang di jalan raya.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSONALIZED ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT THROUGH EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Ringgo Syaputra  , Andi Azhar
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of personalized advertising on consumer engagement through emotional attachment on social media. Personalized advertising is increasingly popular in this digital era because it can increase the relevance of messages delivered to consumers. In this context, emotional attachment plays an important role in building emotional attachment between consumers and brands, which in turn can increase consumer engagement to the advertisements displayed. The method used was a literature review, by collecting and analyzing various relevant literature, such as scientific journals, articles, books, and previous studies on personalized advertising, consumer engagement, and emotional attachment on social media. This study also discusses various findings from existing literature and identifies factors that influence the effectiveness of personalized advertising. The study results indicate that personalized advertising that is tailored to consumer preferences can strengthen emotional attachment and increase engagement levels. Therefore, companies need to use consumer data wisely to create a more personal and relevant advertising experience.
The Influence of Family Adaptability and Cohesion on Child Sexual Abuse Among Middle School Students in Rural Areas, Central China
Authors:   Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430065), Hubei Province, China, Liu Yudu , Wu Yuanyuan ,   Department of Rheumatology, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province);, Jiang Can ,   School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Zhang Yanan ,   Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430065), Hubei Province, China;, Xiang Bing ,   Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430065), Hubei Province, China;
Published: January 2025

Aim: To investigate associations between family cohesion and adaptability level of secondary school students and the prevalence of CSA.
Method: A retrospective study conducted in the rural middle school in Hubei province, central China. The correlation between the prevalence and family cohesion and adaptability, risk factors of CSA were tested by an anonymous self-completed questionnaire and FACES II-CV 3082 middle school students.
Result: The total ratio of CSA is 20.8%. Boys (25.7% vs 14.9%, P<0.05), senior school students (25.4% vs 17.4%, P<0.05) and left-behind children (22.0% vs 18.0%, P<0.05) got higher rate of CSA. After adjustment for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis showed separated (AOR = 0.72, 95%CI:0.53-0.98), connected (AOR = 0.50, 95% CI:0.37-0.69) and enmeshed (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI:0.34-0.67), chaotic (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI:0.34-0.76) were associated with reduced odds of child sexual abuse.
Conclusion: The prevalence of CSA was relatively high in rural area, central China. Family adaptability and cohesion level of middle school students were associated with prevalence of CSA.
The Policy Collation and Text Analysis of High-quality and Balanced elementary education in China— from the Perspective of the Multiple Streams Theory
Authors:   Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, 541004, Guilin, Guangxi, China, Zhou Wei
Published: January 2025

High-quality and balanced elementary education is an important issue related to the construction of a strong socialist modernized education country and also meets the needs of the era for Chinese-style modernization. By sorting out the policy texts related to high-quality and balanced elementary education at the national level since the beginning of the new century, and analyzing how high-quality and balanced elementary education enters the policy agenda from the perspective of the Multiple Streams Theory, it is found that key indicators and focal events constitute the problem stream, providing a rational basis for policy suggestions; research results of experts and scholars, and explorations and practices at all levels of government constitute the policy stream, providing feasibility for the policy "broth"; national sentiment and governing philosophy constitute the political stream, promoting the sustainable development of the policy agenda. The concern of the new round of technological revolution for the quality of talent cultivation in elementary education has accelerated the interweaving of the three streams, opening the "policy window" for the high-quality and balanced development of elementary education in China, and the policy agenda for high-quality and balanced elementary education has been established.
Teachers’ knowledge on child sexual abuse in Hubei Province, China.
Authors:   Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430065), Hubei Province, China, Liu Yudu , Wu Yuanyuan ,   Department of Rheumatology, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province);, Xiang Cheng ,   Huangmei County People's Hospital, Hubei Province, China;, Jiang Can ,   School of Mathematics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, Xiang Bing ,   Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430065), Hubei Province, China;
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the knowledge of teachers on the subject of child sexual abuse(CSA) and to analyze its influencing factors in China.
Study design: This is a school-based cross-sectional study. This study investigated teachers in rural area of Hubei province (central China) during May to June 2016. A multi-stage cluster sampling was conducted.
Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was utilized to assess teachers’ knowledge on CSA among 449 teachers in Hubei Province, China.
Results: The good knowledge rate of rural teachers on child sexual abuse was 70.6%. The top 3 of the right answer rate items were “A person who has sexually assaulted a child will most likely violate the child again (86.9%)”, “For CSA, it's the offender's fault (85.3%)” and “CSA exists around the world (84.2%)”. Male’s (73.5%) right answer rate of the item “Women are also likely to have sexual assault on children” is higher than female’s (59.4%), and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=10.050, P=0.002). The right answer rate of the item “People who abuse children sexually are not necessarily men（28.5%）” was lowest. The results showed that only position at school (χ2=11.999, P=0.007) was significant difference between the teacher’s knowledge among CSA.
Conclusions: The study revealed teachers’ general lack of knowledge regarding CSA in China. Relevant departments should pay attention to the education of CSA to improve teachers’ knowledge of it.
Envisioning ‘Jefore’ and Its Attributes: Evidence from Gurage Rural Landscape
Authors: Shiferaw Abinet
Published: January 2025

Contemporary understandings of landscapes are focusing on their attributes for sustainable human-environment interactions. This article explores the socio-cultural, aesthetic, and therapeutic attributes of Jefore as a peculiar socio-ecological landscape of Gurage countryside. As research design and tools of data collection, ethnographic research design and ethnographic data collection tools such as  key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and a transect walk were used to generate data from three districts of West Gurageland. Scoring from diverse data sources, Jefore is the long-existing local landscape tradition. It has diverse attributes that embeds aspects of Gurage's life such as identity, social interactions, socio-cultural and economic productions, livelihoods, and well-being. For socio-cultural attributes, it remains the core of cultural production and reproduction, social interactions, social alliances, identity as well as heritages for the group. Aesthetic and therapeutic attributes magnify the wider well-being associations of the landscapes for its embodiment effects. Largely, maintaining Jefore landscape tradition ensuring sustainable socio-ecological landscape values and attributes that serve long generations. Hence, diverse stakeholders need to consider indigeneity of Jefore landscape and its diverse attributes in the midst of their decisions and interventions.
DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE AND ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF COENOTIC POPULATIONS OF OXYTROPIS PSEUDOROSEA FILIM. – A NARROW-LOCAL ENDEMIC OF THE NURATA RIDGE
Authors:   Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Turdiyev D. , Selyutina I. ,   Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Turginov O. ,   Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

Изучена демографическая структура 9 ценотических популяций Oxytropis pseudorosea, редкого вида, эндемика Нуратинских гор. Все изученные ценопопуляции нормальные, дефинитивные, чаще неполночленные, в них высокий процент особей прегенеративного периода и достаточно большая доля генеративных растений. Для оценки перспектив существования вида необходим мониторинг его популяций в Нуратинском заповеднике
FLORA OF SIRDARYA REGION
Authors:   Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Daminova N. , Beshko N. ,   Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

In this study, the inventory of the flora of the Syrdarya region and the flora of the protected natural areas of the region ("Saikhun" state wildlife reserve and "Qalgansir" state forest-hunting farm) were presented. The list of plants in the region is based on published scientific data and herbarium collections and was improved by field observations carried out in 2023–2024. As a result, it was determined that 827 types of plants belonging to 79 families and 377 genera can be found in the region. The diversity of the region's flora, life forms, leading families and genera, rare and endemic species, and protected natural areas were critically analyzed
SCREENING OF SPECIES COMPOSITION OF FAMILY POACEAE BARNHART OF BETPAKDALA FLORA BASED ON LITERARY SOURCES AND HERBAR MATERIALS
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Maralov D. , Veselova V. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Kudabaeva D. ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен скрининг современного видового состава семейства Poaceae Barnhart флоры Бетпакдалы на основе литературных источников и гербарных материалов. Составлен предварительный список видов растений семейства мятликовых для флоры Бетпакдалы
PROSPECTIVE USEFUL SPECIES OF THE FAMILY LAMIACEAE LINDL. IN THE FLORA OF ZHETYSU ALATAU
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay, Taldybai A
Published: January 2025

В статье представлены результаты анализа видового состава полезных дикорастущих растений семейства Lamiaceae Lindl. В результате флористического анализа установлено, что в северной части Жетысуского Алатау произрастает 24 перспективных вида, относящихся к семейству Lamiaceae, относящихся к 15 родам. Ведущими родами в этой области являются: Salvia – 5 видов, Mentha - 3, Thymus -2 и др. По экологическим и морфологическим классификациям все полезные виды были ранжированы на 3 группы (полукустарники, травянистый многолетники, травянистый однолетники). Показаны спектры полезных свойств (использование в научной медицине, народной медицине, восточной медицине, как витаминные, пищевые). Изучены перспективные виды растений семейства Lamiaceaе.
ANALYSIS OF THE FAMILY ASTERACEAE DUMORT. FLORA OF THE TERRITORY OF THE ALAKOL NATURE RESERVE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Zaparina E , Aitzhan M ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Tulebayeva A ,   Alakol State Nature Reserve, Inelova Z ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National university
Published: January 2025

Актуальность изучения видового состава семейства Asteraceae в Алакольском природном заповеднике обусловлена его важной ролью в поддержании биологического разнообразия и экологического равновесия региона. Семейство Asteraceae является одним из крупнейших и наиболее распространенных семейств растений, включающих значительное количество видов, многие из которых обладают ключевыми экологическими функциями и практической значимостью. Таксономический анализ позволил выделить на территории Алакольского заповедника 39 видов, относящихся к 23 родам. Самые многочисленные рода: Artemisia и Inulа. Проведение экологического анализа показало группы растений по отношению к влаге – ксерофиты – 11 видов, мезофиты – 17 видов, мезоксерофиты – 3 вида, ксеромезофиты – 8 видов. Количество хозяйственно – значимых видов – 31, сорных – 22 вида. Представители семейства Asteraceae играют важную роль в поддержании структуры и функционирования экосистем, обеспечивая кормовую базу для различных видов животных, способствуя защите почв от эрозии и участвуют в формировании уникальных природных ландшафтов
STUDY OF BIOLOGY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS COMPLEX DIANTHUS L. IN THE SOUTH URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN-INSTITUTE OF THE Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors:   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute is a separate structural division of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Uzyanbaeva L , Reut A ,   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute is a separate structural division of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

В статье отражены результаты работы с представителями родового комплекса Dianthus L. в Южно-Уральском ботаническом саду-институте УФИЦ РАН. За вегетационные периоды 2020−2023 годов выявлены особенности сезонного ритма растений, изучена динамика их суточного прироста, репродуктивная биология представителей рода Dianthus L. в условиях культуры (семенная продуктивность), определена успешность интродукции по методике Донецкого ботанического сада
HISTORY AND MODERN TRENDS IN THE STUDY OF THE FAMILY CHENOPODIACEAE (AMARANTHACEAE S.L.)
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Osmonali B
Published: January 2025

Семейство Chenоpоdiaceae – одно из самых крупных и древних семейств аридных территорий земного шара. Оно занимает ведущее положение в спектре семейств пустынной флоры Казахстана. Семейство Chenоpоdiaceae очень сложная в систематическом отношении группа. Большинство его представителей - поздноцветущие и, соответственно, поздно плодоносящие суккуленты. Из-за внешнего однообразия идентификация представителей этого семейства представляет значительную трудность. Кроме того, они обладают значительным полиморфизмом и сильной возрастной изменчивостью. История систематики Маревых характеризуется многочисленными перегруппировками на уровне подсемейств. Павловым Н.В. были описаны несколько видов из семейства Chenоpоdiaceae: Kochia tianschanica Pavlov, Suaeda balchaschensis Pavlov, Petrosimonia hirsutissima (Bunge) Iljin ex Pavlov, Suaeda drepanophylla (Litv.) Korovin ex Pavlov. Но на данный момент кроме одного вида Petrosimonia hirsutissima, все остальные виды были переименованы или обледенены с теми или иными видами. До недавнего времени семейства Amaranthaсeae Juss. и Сhenоpоdiaсeae Vent. рассматривались в качестве, хотя и близкородственных, но все же самостоятельных таксонов порядка Сaryоphyllales. Однако многочисленные исследования морфологии, анатомии и фитохимии представителей этих семейств выявили целый ряд общих для них признаков. Сейчас эти семейства объединены в одно – семейство Amaranthaсeae s.l. Семейство Сhenоpоdiaсeae (Amaranthaсeae s.l.) объединяет порядка 1500 видов, распространенных по всему миру и распределенных на несколько подсемейств. При этом, если для части родов их таксономический статус уже четко определен, то для других родов – их систематические границы пока нестабильны. Проводимые молекулярно-филогенетические исследования продолжают выявлять новые, порой неожиданные связи
Challenges for the incorporation of metrics in social determinants of health approaches
Authors: Cardona Arias Jaiberth Antonio , Salas Zapata Walter , Carmona Fonseca Jaime
Published: January 2025

Public health has studied the relationship of morbidity and mortality to the living conditions of populations, with a greater focus on the individual level. In this context, an important theoretical advance was made in social determinants of health approaches (SDH), providing a way of explaining multiple socio-economic conditions that determine ways of living, of falling ill and of dying in specific populations.
Despite advances in terms of its theoretical foundations, the methodological development of SDH approaches presents important lags in the metrics used, by: 1) erroneously functionalizing certain social constructs, 2) applying designs with risks of incurring fallacies (ecological, atomistic, sociological or psychological), or 3) applying designs that do not relate individual, particular and general measurements in a multilevel structure.
Within this framework, this manuscript answers the question: what are the methodological challenges in the incorporation of metrics to SDH research, considering the need to articulate different levels of reality? In order to achieve this, it develops the following components: contextualization of SDH approaches, including the philosophical divergences and methodological convergences of its approaches, and the theoretical-conceptual foundations of ecological studies and multilevel analyses.
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health; World Health Organization; Social Medicine; Ecological studies; Studies of population aggregates; Quantitative analysis; Multilevel analysis.
Sexual practices and outcomes of young people in an urban settlement in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Adam Vincent Yakubu , Okafor Kingsley Chinedu
Published: January 2025

Background: Young people constitute one of the most dynamic human resource bases. Youths explore their sexuality and have sexual relationships with outcomes like unintended pregnancies, abortions, STIs and HIV/AIDS.
Objective: This study ascertained the sexual practices and factors associated with the sexual outcomes of young people in an urban settlement in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 young people in Oluku, Benin City, Nigeria, using two-staged sampling method. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection.
Results: The respondents comprised of 211(52.8%) females and 189(47.3%) males. Their mean age was 17.8±3.9 years. Almost half, 194 (48.5%) of the respondents had experienced sexual intercourse, of which 154(79.4%) were unplanned. The mean age at sexual debut was 17.2±3.4 years. Most sexual encounters were with older partners. Unintended pregnancy and STIs were outcome of sexual encounters in 54(27.8%) and 40(20.6%) of the respondents respectively. Factors associated with the outcome of sexual encounter were age, gender, age at sexual debut and family structure.
Conclusion: The respondents had early sexual debuts. Sexual encounter was mainly with older neighbours and schoolmates. Sexual outcome reported by respondents include unintended pregnancy and STIs. Age, gender, age at sexual debut and family type were associated with outcome of sexual practice. Key stakeholders should establish youth friendly centres in the community which will help educate and train youths on life building skills and also provide sexual and reproductive health services to young people in the community.
Preparing U.S. Medical Students to Respond to Climate Change
Authors: McGonigle Keanan , Gill Frances
Published: January 2025

The devastating hurricane season this year has brought the economic and health impacts of a changing global climate into stark relief. The varied health impacts of climate change can no longer be ignored by anyone who practices medicine – whether primary care or specialist. Physicians are already at the forefront of the response to climate change, advocating on behalf of their patients. Through professional organizations, membership groups, and individual actions, doctors are working to mitigate the impact of climate change as well as advocating for reductions in carbon emissions. In the future, physicians will be managing the health impacts of climate change, from worsening air quality to frequent heat waves. Medical schools provide a structured space for future physicians to learn about the interaction between human health and climate change. While international efforts to prepare the future health workforce have proceeded at a rapid clip, US medical schools have lagged behind. Medical schools must incorporate environmental health concepts into general curriculum efforts to prepare their graduates to meet the challenges of a changing climate.
Kenneth Newell: Primary Health Care's Midwife
Authors: Litsios Socrates
Published: January 2025

Newell is well known to advocates of social medicine owing to his havaing edited Health by the People and introducing primary health care (PHC) principles to the WHO governing bodies. This paper explores early career in New Zealand before; the Division of Research in Epidemiology and Communication Sciences before becoming Director of the Division of Strengthening of Health Serrvices which provided him with the springboard to promote PHC to the governing bodies of WHO.
Where Medicine ‘Fails’: The Evil Eye and Childcare Beliefs among Rural Saraiki Mothers in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Qamar Azher Hameed , Ain Qurat-ul
Published: January 2025

The study aims to explore the evil eye belief practices among Saraiki mothers in a village in South Punjab, Pakistan. This study unfolds three aspects of the evil eye phenomenon; first, the ‘diagnosis’ of the evil eye that constitute the ineffectiveness of the available modern medicine, second the socio-cultural nexus of folk medical system and unmanageable or unexplained threats, and third the protective and remedial practices that disclose indigenous healthcare culture. Using semi-structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis, five interviews were conducted and analyzed. Findings revealed the perceived failure of the available modern medicine when the evil eye effects are diagnosed. People religiously believe in the evil eye and relate it with the feelings of envy that bring harm to the child by resisting the effects of any medicine and internal immunity. The study concludes jealousy, hatred, and deprivation as primary causes, and religious and folk remedial practices provide a magico-religious shield allowing the effectiveness of other medical interventions. This study brings to light the need for cultural competence of medical professionals while working in indigenous communities where modern medicine cannot work if it is not gradually replacing or working in-line with the folk medical beliefs.
Back to People's Health in Croatia – Generating new forms of collective agency
Authors: Ivčić Snježana , Džakula Aleksandar , Martinović Damir , Žapčić Valerija
Published: January 2025

This paper concerns new forms of collective agency in the area of health care in Croatia from 2015 until 2018. These new forms developed in the midst of the growing privatization and commodification of health care and the simultaneous decrease in the accessibility to health care. Privatization has taken place slowly, but continuously over the last 29 years. The traditional civil society organizations in the field of health care used to be characterized by a narrow set of activities, with vertical structures, and were frequently focused on a single-disease approach and collaboration with the pharmaceutical industry. Such practices produced limited results, hence improved forms of activism emerged. In this research, we illustrate their development using the example of three case studies of collective agency. The first case study is looking at the policy analysis and the activist group started by the Organization for Workers' Initiative and Democratization (OWID); the second one focuses on the informal group of medical students called U3 formed at the Andrija Štampar School of Public Health with the aim of developing critical thinking; and the third case study considers the Karika Association, started as an attempt to rethink health care in the community. The main research methods employed included process tracing analysis and research data comparison aimed at showing the differences between the traditional and the new forms of healthcare activism, in addition to the secondary sources of information such as scientific and professional literature. The results show that the new forms of collective agency in the healthcare area include various groups of citizens not necessarily connected with a specific disease, that they have a horizontal structure and are focused on the healthcare system in general. In conclusion, they represent the beginning of a paradigmatic shift in activism from a single-disease approach towards comprehensive health care that has the potential to deal with the growing issue of commercialization, commodification and inequalities in today's healthcare systems.
Síntomas que reportan las personas mayores que viven con VIH
Authors: Araya Alejandra Ximena , Iriarte Evelyn , Berger Kareen
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Las personas mayores que viven con VIH (PMVIH) experimentan síntomas que pueden influir en su bienestar psicosocial, calidad de vida y adherencia al tratamiento. Objetivo: Analizar los síntomas en relación a su frecuencia e intensidad que reportan las PMVVIH con variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal en 46 personas mayores en un centro clínico ambulatorio en Santiago de Chile. Se midieron variables socio-demográficas, clínicas y de los síntomas relacionados al VIH. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas, chi-cuadrado y tablas de contingencia. Resultados: Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: Miedos y/o preocupaciones, depresión, pérdida de memoria y dolor muscular. Los síntomas con mayor severidad fueron: Miedos y preocupaciones, venas prominentes en extremidades inferiores y gases y/o hinchazón. Años viviendo con VIH y educación universitaria se correlacionaron con un alto número de síntomas. Discusión: La mayor cantidad de años viviendo con VIH y el tener educación universitaria completa se correlaciona positivamente con la frecuencia de síntomas asociados al VIH. Es importante evaluar la cantidad e intensidad de los síntomas de las PMVVIH. Un mejor automanejo de los síntomas asociados al VIH puede generar un impacto en la percepción de la calidad de vida de este grupo de personas.
Decades in crisis: adapting a social-ecological framework to assess structural elements impacting asthma rates in the South Bronx
Authors: Orellana Renan Eduardo , Moradeyo Ismael , Uzodinma Paul
Published: January 2025

Disturbingly high rates of asthma-related hospitalizations have been documented in the South Bronx for several decades. The crisis has been typified by structural violence, health inequity, and disproportionate exposure to environmental harms, with the disease burden of poorly controlled asthma falling primarily on socioeconomically vulnerable racial and ethnic minorities. This review adapts the Social-Ecological Model (SEM) as a theory-based framework to critically analyze disparities in asthma care and control in the South Bronx. The analysis is grounded in historical considerations of structural violence, particularly the legacy of brownfields, toxic dumping, backroom politics and social arrangements that perpetuate disparities in medical care and health. This model can guide the development of multi-level interventions, including the sustainable medical management of asthma, particularly in the context of the ongoing asthma crisis in the South Bronx and its more recent disastrous overlap with the COVID-19 outbreak that has devastated New York City.
Change and continuity in health inequities related to skin color in Mexico
Authors: Ortiz Hernandez Luis , Ayala-Guzman Cesar Ivan
Published: January 2025

We analyzed changes in disparities associated with ethnicity and skin color in lack of access to food and health in the Mexican adult population between 2002 and 2012 through the World Values Survey (WVS) databases, period during which disparities in life satisfaction decreased. In both years it was observed that, compared to whites, among dark and light brown people, the perception of poor and fair health status was more frequent. In 2012, the experience of food insecurity was more frequent among dark brown people; in addition, access to health services was lower among light and dark brown and indigenous people. These results show the need for policies aimed at reducing racist health disparities in Mexico, which not only affect indigenous people, but also dark brown people.
The Philippine Universal Health Care Law: A Differing View
Authors: Nisperos Gene Alzona , Ornos Eric David Bicaldo
Published: January 2025

The World Health Organization espouses Universal Health Care (UHC) as a means to address health inequity and allow the poorest sections of the population to access health care. In the Philippines, government efforts to implement this have evolved over the last ten years, resulting in the passage of the Universal Health Care Act in 2019. The law relies heavily on health financing as the central driver of the healthcare system reforms. This article describes and analyzes key actors on the implementation of the UHC Act, particularly the insurance program it is anchored on, the agency that will be primarily tasked to implement it, and the overarching principle behind the law. These are burdened with problems and may be anathema to the outcomes sought. Rather than a health financing-based direction in health development, a rights-based approach is posited to be a better framework and roadmap to achieve health for all.
Organized social resistance: an oral history and collective health approach
Authors: Irigoyen Padilla Francisco Daniel , Pulido Navarro Margarita
Published: January 2025

In this brief essay we take up the central categories that allow us to account for the life, work and health experiences of two education workers who have witnessed the intense period of struggle during the labor reform, disguised as "educational reform" that Peña Nieto imposed on education workers a few years ago. The identity shaped throughout life, in the social spaces of interaction is present. The incursion of oral history and social history, allows researchers a philosophical-epistemological reflection to approach the concrete totality, going from the sensible concrete, to the concrete thought, with the narratives of the protagonists through two life stories; one of them, that of a teacher with a long experience of struggle in favor of collective rights, from the organized social resistance; the other, is that of a teacher who balances from the canons of submission to hegemony. Both show subjectivity as the fundamental element to understand the paths through which health and illness are expressed and also allow to give way to an alternative to define healthy spaces where the emancipation of human capacities in the collectives to move towards health is propitiated and promoted.
RESULTS OF SIMULTANEOUS PREPERITONEAL INGUINAL HERNIOPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA AND INGUINAL HERNIA
Authors: Horovyi V. I. , Shaprynskyi V. O. , Khimich S. D. , Kostyuk O. G.
Published: January 2025

ANNOTATION. An inguinal hernia is found in 3–25% of patients undergoing surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The possibility of one-time simultaneous hernioplasty during prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia is a topical issue in both urology and abdominal surgery.
OBJECTIVE. Тo present the technical aspects and results of simultaneous preperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The results of treatment of 170 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, who underwent one-moment retropubic prostatectomy and simultaneous preperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty, are presented.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The average age of the patients of the comparison group was 68.0±7.2 years, the main group — 67.4±6.8 years; the average volume of the prostate in patients of the comparison group was 94.4±42.3 cm3, in the main group — 92.2±32.4 cm3. Among 58 inguinal hernias in 34 (58.6%) cases they were oblique, 24 (41.4%) were straight, right-sided hernias were more common in 38 (65.5%) cases, left-sided hernias in 20 (34.5%) cases. Hernias 1 st. (hernia gate less than 1.5 cm) noted in 8 (13.8%) cases, 2 st. (hernia gate from 1.5 to 3 cm) — 35 (60.3%), 3 st. (hernia gate more than 3 cm) — 15 (25.9%). The average duration of retropubic prostatectomy in the main group of patients and the comparison group was the same (81.6±24.7 and 80.1±17.4 minutes, respectively), and simultaneous hernioplasty on one side lasted an average of 34.7±16.8 minutes.
CONCLUSION. Performing simultaneous preperitoneal hernioplasty at the same time as one-time retropubic prostatectomy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and inguinal hernia does not impair the immediate results of retropubic prostatectomy.
TUMOR THROMBUS INVASION INTO THE IVC WALL — DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS AND IMPACT ON THE SURGICAL COMPLEXITY OF CAVAL THROMBECTOMY
Authors: Shchukin D.V. , Makovozov A.A. , Demchenko V.M. , Khareba H.H. , Altukhov O.O. , Stetsyshyn R.V. , Pinsky L.L. , Antonian I.M.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION. Tumor thrombus invasion into the IVC wall is a surgical complexity factor of caval thrombectomy, as it can significantly affect the volume of blood loss and duration of the operation, and also require the use of resection and reconstruction of the IVC. We analyzed the results of caval thrombectomy in the presence of this parameter and assessed the factors that can identify caval invasion at the preoperative stage.
MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 78 (62,9%) men and 46 (37,1%) women. The age of the patients averaged 58.4±10.5 years. Right-sided tumors occurred in 82 (66.1%) cases, left-sided in 42 (33.9%). Caval tumor thrombi had Mayo levels I, II, III, and IV in 35 (28.2%), 36 (29%), 27 (21.8%), and 26 (21%) patients respectively. All surgeries were performed without the artificial circulation. In patients with III–IV thrombus level we used an organ transplant-based approach
RESULTS. Tumor thrombus invasion into the IVC wall was detected in 37.1% of cases and was a significant prognostic factor for blood loss over 3L and over 5L, as well as a long duration of surgery. In 4 (3.2%) cases, segmental resection of the suprarenal IVC was performed (1 — IVC prosthetics, 3 — IVC and left renal vein ligation). Lateral IVC resection of varying length occurred in 42 (33.9%) patients and mainly included the subhepatic IVC. Assessment of the probability of caval wall invasion demonstrated the greatest significance of such parameters as thrombus diameter, thrombus flotation in the IVC lumen according to ultrasound data, the presence of a blood thrombus below the tumor thrombus, retrograde spread of the thrombus, and the presence of IVC syndrome. Based on these factors, three groups of thrombi with different invasion probabilities were formed.
CONCLUSION. Tumor thrombus invasion into the IVC wall is a serious diagnostic and surgical problem, which significantly affects the complexity of caval thrombectomy. Single parameters have low prognostic information in identifying caval invasion of intraluminal tumor, which requires the use of a comprehensive approach to solving this diagnostic problem.
Inteligencia artificial, cumplimiento voluntario, y los derechos y garantías de los contribuyentes
Authors: Hinojosa Torralvo Juan José , Sánchez-Archidona Hidalgo Guillermo
Published: January 2025

El sistema de relaciones entre la Administración tributaria y los contribuyentes ha experimentado una transformación significativa en los últimos años. La incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en tareas de selección y control, especialmente mediante el uso de algoritmos de machine learning, se ha complementado con la aplicación de enfoques de economía conductual (behavioural insight) en los programas de cumplimiento voluntario.

Este avance en la automatización plantea no solo mejoras en la eficiencia administrativa, sino también importantes interrogantes sobre el impacto en los derechos y garantías de los contribuyentes. Es crucial analizar cómo estas tecnologías afectan el equilibrio en la relación jurídico-tributaria y proponer medidas que refuercen la colaboración y confianza entre la Administración y los obligados tributarios.

Esta obra colectiva aborda precisamente estas cuestiones, recopilando los resultados de la I Jornada sobre inteligencia artificial, derechos y garantías de los contribuyentes, celebrada el 18 de marzo de 2024 en la Universidad de Málaga, en el marco del Proyecto GARANTICS UMA. El libro ofrece reflexiones y propuestas para adaptar este nuevo paradigma tecnológico al respeto de los derechos fundamentales en el ámbito tributario.
Interpretación y ley penal: un enfoque desde la doctrina del fraude de ley
Authors: Riggi Eduardo
Published: January 2025

En Interpretación y ley penal, el instituto jurídico general del fraude de ley le ofrece a su autor un método original para analizar de manera transversal la evolución de la ciencia y la jurisprudencia en instituciones de la Parte General y la Parte Especial del Derecho penal, con motivo de ciertas lagunas de punibilidad que tuvieron lugar en dichos ámbitos. Con respecto a la Parte General, se analizan figuras tan relevantes, distintas y complejas como la intervención en delitos especiales, el actuar en lugar de otro, la autoría mediata, la comisión por omisión, la provocación de situaciones justificantes y la actio libera in causa. En cuanto a la Parte Especial, el ejemplo utilizado es el del delito de defraudación tributaria. Todo ello le permite obtener al autor diversos factores en común para hacer frente a las lagunas de punibilidad que la estructura del fraude de ley plantea con frecuencia en el ámbito penal. En la última parte de la obra se expone, de manera detalladamente argumentada, un original planteamiento acerca de la relación entre interpretación y analogía. La oposición a la doctrina dominante que entiende que el sentido literal posible de los términos constituye el límite a la interpretación lícita de la ley penal resulta ontológicamente inevitable. No obstante, se ofrece una propuesta metodológica alternativa a la ofrecida -de manera contradictoria- por la doctrina mayoritaria, que permitiría superar el obstáculo que anteriormente supuso la prohibición de analogía para la admisión del instituto jurídico-general del fraude de ley en el Derecho penal. Dicha propuesta validaría además el trabajo dogmático creativo que, inconscientemente, se nutre de este instituto; aunque sus propuestas sólo serán legítimas de lege lata, si se respetan los límites metodológicos aquí trazados. El Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Jesús-María SILVA SÁNCHEZ destaca la pulcritud y precisión con que ha sido escrita la obra, la madurez intelectual y la amplia formación jurídica de su joven autor y asegura que “el libro no dejará indiferente a ningún lector y que se situará con facilidad en la vanguardia de los escritos jurídico-penales en nuestra lengua”.
Estándares europeos y proceso civil. Hacia un proceso civil convergente con Europa
Authors: Gascón Inchausti Fernando
Published: January 2025

La obra analiza la influencia del Derecho de la Unión Europea (UE) en los ordenamientos procesales civiles nacionales, con un enfoque centrado en la legislación interna, particularmente la española. Más allá de estudiar la trasposición de directivas o la aplicación de reglamentos europeos, busca identificar hasta qué punto las normativas europeas pueden inspirar mejoras significativas y adaptarse a las nuevas realidades socioeconómicas, como la digitalización.

El análisis comienza con una revisión de cuestiones generales y transversales del proceso civil español. Se examinan aspectos como el equilibrio entre procedimientos orales y escritos, considerando el impacto de las tecnologías digitales. También se valora la necesidad de flexibilizar los procedimientos para una gestión más eficaz, revisar la obligatoriedad de la asistencia letrada en determinados casos, y mejorar las herramientas de notificación y el acceso a las fuentes de prueba. Otros temas incluyen la tensión entre la publicidad de los procedimientos y la protección de información confidencial, así como los aspectos económicos del acceso a la justicia, como las tasas judiciales, la asistencia jurídica gratuita y la regulación de la condena en costas. Además, se reflexiona sobre la integración de mecanismos extrajudiciales de resolución de conflictos dentro del proceso judicial para mejorar su efectividad.

Por otro lado, se profundiza en áreas específicas de la regulación procesal, como la protección de los consumidores mediante la reconfiguración del principio dispositivo, el tratamiento de los litigios de menor cuantía, la reforma del proceso monitorio y las medidas cautelares. También se aborda la importancia de mejorar la gestión de la litigación colectiva.

En definitiva, el estudio parte de una perspectiva crítica pero objetiva, considerando que la normativa europea no siempre es necesariamente superior, aunque sí puede ofrecer modelos útiles para impulsar reformas procesales efectivas en la legislación española. El objetivo final es aprovechar las "buenas prácticas" europeas para modernizar y fortalecer el sistema procesal civil nacional.