bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Stress Degradation Products of Asenapine by LC-MS/MS and Elucidation of their Degradation Pathway
Authors: Madhu Doppala , Koneru Sireesha , Tatavarti Bhagya Kumar , Rekha Kandula , Anna Venkateswara Rao
Published: November 2024

The investigation aimed to integrate Liquid Chromatography (LC) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) for precise separation, identification, and characterization of asenapine’s Degradation Products (DPs) without isolating them from reaction mixtures. Asenapine underwent scrutiny under various stress conditions (oxidative, hydrolytic, thermal, and photolytic) following ICH Q1A(R2) guidelines. A total of five distinct degradation products emerged from these stress conditions. The separation of all degradation products was executed utilizing a BDS Y Persil C18 column employing with 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid, acetonitrile, and methanol in the ratio of 50:30:20 (v/v) as mobile phase as an isocratic mode with 231 nm. Elucidation of these degradation products was achieved by scrutinizing their fragmentation pattern and the masses discerned through LC–MS/MS and MSn analysis. These previously unidentified degradation products were ascertained to be 11-chloro-3a,12b-dihydro-1H-dibenzo[2,3:6,7] oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole (DP 1), 3-(3-chloro-6-methylidenecyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl)-4-(cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)-1- methylpyrrolidine (DP-2), 5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole 2-oxide (DP 3), 2-(1-methyl-4-phenylpyrrolidin-3-yl)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ol (DP-4) and 13-(cyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)-1-methyl- 4-(6-methylidenecyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl)pyrrolidine (DP-5). Based in findings, it was confirmed that the method was appropriate for resolution, identification and quantification of impurity 1 and 2 of asenapine along with its DPs.
Changes Caused in Liver Parameters in Swiss Albino Mice by Food Colourant (Allura Red) and Preservative (Sodium Benzoate)
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Shahani Lata , Swarnkar Mahima
Published: November 2024

Food additives are chemicals that are purposefully added to food to improve its quality. The most widely used food additives in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics field are Allura red (a food colour) and sodium benzoate (a food preservative), both of which are employed for various functions such as colouring and preserving. In this study, liver parameters were examined in Swiss male mice after 30, 45 and 60 days of treatment with synthetic Allura red colour and sodium benzoate preservative. Seventy-two male Swiss albino mice (25-30 gm) were divided into four groups with 6 mice per group for each autopsy interval. The first group was control-treated (water), the second group was Allura red treated (172.2 mg/kg body weight), the third group was sodium benzoate treated group (123 mg/kg body weight) and the fourth group was Allura red + sodiumbenzoate treated (86.1 mg/kg + 61.5 mg/kg body weight) for 30, 45 and 60 days. Mice were sacrificed after the 31st, 46th and 61st day and blood samples were taken for serological tests to study SGPT, SGOT, ALP, total protein and serum albumin. The liver was also removed for histological studies of control, sodium benzoate, Allura red and combination groups. The data obtained reveals a noticeable significant increase in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and albumin in treated mice as compared to control groups. The microscopic study of the liver showed the effect of all dose treatments on the structure of liver cells. It caused fatty degeneration of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein and necrosis. In conclusion, it was clear that the administration of Allura red, sodium benzoate, and combination dose (AR+SB) in mice caused changes in liver parameters.
ADMET Assessment, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-urolithiatic Activities of Natural Furanochrome Khellin
Authors: Ponugoti Mounica , Guntupalli Chakravarthi , Malothu Narender , Prasanth D. S. N. B. K.
Published: November 2024

Urolithiasis is characterized by the formation of urinary calculi and poses a significant health concern due to its associated symptoms and recurrence rates. This study focuses on exploring the phytoconstituents responsible for the anti-urolithic activity of traditionally used Ammi visnaga fruits in preventing kidney stones by utilizing various databases and software tools to predict their targets. The small molecules were retrieved from the IMPPAT database and screened for pharmacokinetic attributes, toxicity prediction, and docking analyses using SwissADME, Protox-II, and Autodock Vina. This comprehensive approach identified five key compounds-khellinol, khellin, visamminol, khellol, and visnagin for their drug-like characteristics and interaction potential with target proteins involved in oxidative stress pathways. Further, in vitro assays were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-urolithiatic activity of khellin, revealing significant IC50 values of 67.39 μg, 36.44 μg, and 134.94 μg for DPPH, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and superoxide radical scavenging assays, respectively. Additionally, khellin inhibited the oxidation of glutathione by preserving 68.7% of its sulfhydryl groups at a concentration of 200 μg. Concentration-dependent responses were observed in nucleation, aggregation, and growth assays of anti-urolithiatic activity. Notably, khellin demonstrated significant antioxidant effects and inhibition of crystal formation, presenting itself as a potential candidate responsible for preventing urolithiasis. The current study emphasizes the promising role of Ammi visnaga fruit phytoconstituents, particularly khellin, as a prospective avenue for managing kidney stone formation, further comprehensive in vivo studies are warranted to validate these outcomes and efficacy under physiological conditions.
Lithium intercalation into thin-film lithium-tin and lithium-carbon electrodes: an impedance spectroscopy study
Authors:   Saratov State University, Churikov A. V. , Ivanishchev A. V. ,   Saratov State University, Ivanishcheva I. A. ,   Saratov State University, Gamayunova I. M. ,   Saratov State University, Zapsis K. V. ,   Saratov State University, Sycheva V. O. ,   Saratov State University
Published: November 2024

Reversible lithium intercalation from a non-aqueous electrolyte into thin films of tin (0.1–1 mcm) and carbon (-3 mcm) was studied by means of electrode impedance spectroscopy. The measurements were made within a frequency range of 105–10-2 Hz at a varying lithium concentration in the matrix. The paper discusses several versions of electrical equivalent circuits to simulate the experimental impedance spectra, and the concentration dependence of the lithium diffusion coefficient. The formation of a solid electrolyte interphase at lithium intercalation into carbon and tin was detected. The order of magnitude of the lithium diffusion coefficient for the LixC6 and Li–Sn electrodes is 10-13–10-12 and 10-14–10-9 cm2/s, respectively.
Influence of some components of lead-antimony and lead-calcium alloys on their mechanical and corrosion properties
Authors:   Saratov State University, Inozemtseva E. V. , Burashnikova M. M. ,   Saratov State University, Kazarinov I. A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: November 2024

The influence of the concentration of antimony, tin, cadmium, calcium, silver, and barium on some characteristics of lead-antimony and lead-calcium alloys was studied. The cadmium-doped and barium-doped alloys show the best corrosion resistance among the lead-antimony and lead-calcium alloys, respectively.
Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiCo1 – x – yMgxTiyO2 (0≤x≤0.036; 0≤y≤0.026)
Authors:   JSC Novosibirsk Plant of Chemical Concentrates, Mukhin V. V. , Rezvov S. A. ,   JSC Novosibirsk Plant of Chemical Concentrates, Grigor'eva O. Y. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS, Kulova T. L. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS, Skundin A. M. ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS
Published: November 2024

At present LiCoO2 is commercially available material for positive electrodes of lithium-ion batteries. For further improvement of its properties a number of doped samples of lithium cobaltite were synthesized. Mg and Ti were used as dopants. Crystal structure of LiCo1 – x – yMgxTiyO2 was studied with XRD, whereas chemical composition was determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy, complexometric titration as well as inductively-bonded plasma. The average initial discharge capacity amounted to 145 to 150 mA·h/g. Degradation of non-doped samples was 1.5 mA·h/g per cycle. Doping results in decrease of degradation rate, doping effect manifests itself at net dopant content more than 0.02. The degradation rate happens to be least at x+y = 0.05. In this case degradation rate is less than 0.6 mA·h/g per cycle, which is 2.5 times less than that for non-doped lithium cobaltite.
Development of technological principles for designing a valve-regulated Ni-MH battery of the NMG type
Authors:   JSC NIIHIT Experimental Plant, Savina E. E. , Kazarinov I. A. ,   Saratov State University, Semykin A. V. ,   Saratov State University, Stepanov A. N. ,   Saratov State University, Golikova N. Y. ,   JSC NIIHIT Experimental Plant, Protasov E. N. ,   JSC NIIHIT Experimental Plant
Published: November 2024

The results of the design of a fully-tight Ni-MH battery of the NMG type are presented. The authors have developed a spread technique of making both negative and positive electrodes with sheet foam nickel as a conducting support. The influence of the density of both charging and discharging current and the discharge temperature on the discharging characteristics of the power source was studied.
Combining Multi-kinase Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoints Blockade in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, S V U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India, Babu Vothani Sarath , Sree P Bhavana , Pallavi C , Pavithra S , Vasanth P M
Published: November 2024

Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), represents a significant global health burden with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive overview of pharmacotherapy for liver cancer, focusing on both established and emerging drugs. Current standard-of-care treatments, including sorafenib and lenvatinib, target key pathways involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis. However, their efficacy is often limited, prompting ongoing research into novel therapeutic approaches. Emerging immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, have shown promise in clinical trials, offering new avenues for personalized treatment strategies. Additionally, targeted therapies aimed at specific genetic alterations, such as FGFR inhibitors for FGFR-altered HCC, demonstrate potential for improved outcomes in select patient populations. These abstract highlights the evolving landscape of pharmacotherapy for liver cancer and underscores the need for further research to optimize treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.

Keywords

Multi­kinase Inhibitors, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), Sorafenib
Growth and Biochemical Characteristics of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Grown on Various Combinations of Fish Waste Hydrolysate and Seaweed Hydrolysate
Authors: Rajeswari C. , Manikandavelu D. , Ahilan B. , Aruna S. , Muralidharan N. , Ruby P. , Joshna M.
Published: November 2024

Background: to utilize the fish waste and seaweed as a media for the growth of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and carbon sequestration. Methods: Culture of Chlorella vulgaris in the fish waste and seaweed hydrolysate, analysed the cell density, biomass, chlorophyll, carotenoid content, carbon-di-oxide sequestration and proximate of microalgae (Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid and Ash). Result: In the combination of fish acid hydrolysate and sargassum sp., acidhydrolysate, the respective peak values of cell density, average specific growth rate, biomass, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid contentand carbon-di-oxide sequestrated recorded are 4.26±0.06×106 cells/ml, 0.58 µ/day, 1.98±0.04 g/l, 5.59±0.09 µg/ml and 3.69±0.04 µg/ml, 3.64±0.05 µg/ml, 3.73±0.07 g/l/d in 3:6 combination. Corresponding protein, carbohydrate, lipid and ash content observed in the resultant algae are 51.77±0.6%, 15.4±0.2%, 10±0.53 and 7.08±0.4% respectively.
Distance training of preservice science teachers in the Covid-19 era
Authors: Rakibi Youness , Alami Anouar , Selmaoui Sabah , Benjelloun Nadia , Zaki Moncef , Amahmid Omar
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to assess the experience of distance training in the Department of Life and Earth Sciences at the Regional Centre for Careers Education and Training, Marrakesh-Safi (Morocco), to ensure pedagogical continuity, during the COVID-19 confinement period. The study used the analytical descriptive approach and involved trainers and teacher trainees of Life and Earth Sciences, with a sample of 116. To answer the study questions a questionnaire was developed and introduced to participants. Findings showed that a set of information and communication technology (ICT) tools and distance training models were implemented to ensure training for teacher trainees, despite the poor theoretical and practical training in ICT use in remote education. Faced challenges included weak interactivity and difficulties in assessing trainees’ achievements during the virtual sessions. The researchers recommend that teachers should be trained in ICT use in distance education, and high-quality numerical tools should be developed and made available for training and education purposes.
Keywords: COVID-19 confinement; distance training; pedagogical continuity; preservice teachers.
Evaluación arquitectónica de centros de salud mental para niños con trastorno del desarrollo
Authors: Gomez Alvarado Yohanna Emma , Ale Vasquez Paola Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación se enfocó en desarrollar una evaluación de la propuesta arquitectónica de cuatro centros de salud mental para niños con trastorno del desarrollo, Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) y el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH), como en Perú. Así, se aplicó una metodología de enfoque cualitativo basado en diseño de estudio de casos, seleccionándose cuatro propuestas arquitectónicas del periodo 2018-2022, que se analizaron empleando una revisión documental. Dentro de los resultados, se destaca que existe una tendencia a incorporar la tipología del terreno y las condiciones comunitarias en la forma de la edificación para dar equilibrio a los espacios y una percepción de tranquilidad y relajación, que se acompaña con tonalidades de colores entre fríos y cálidos en el interior y exterior de la edificación y la combinación de luz natural y artificial para dar una calidad visual apropiada. Además, se aprecia una clara intención por reducir la disrupción que implica al paciente transitar de un lado a otro, por lo que se emplean elementos como colores, formas y tamaños para que el flujo de circulación sea delicado y tranquilo. Se concluye que estas propuestas deben mejorar aspectos como la acústica, la seguridad y el tipo de mobiliario a emplear y reforzar la separación entre centros pediátricos para niños y para adultos.
Les biofabriques, nouveaux modèles de production et d’accès aux intrants agricoles en Amérique latine
Authors: Goulet Frédéric , Guerrero Poveda Daniela , Odjo Sylvanus
Published: November 2024

La production et l’accès à des alternatives aux intrants chimiques attirent l’intérêt de nombreux acteurs liés au secteur agricole. En Amérique latine, l’essor des intrants d’origine biologique, ou biointrants - incluant biofertilisants, biocontrôle et biostimulants – offre des réponses à ces enjeux (voir Perspectives 55, mai 2021). Cet essor est le résultat d’années d’investissements publics en recherche et développement, et du dynamisme des industries pour développer des technologies à base de microorganismes, de macroorganismes ou d’extraits végétaux. Mais il passe également par un autre chemin que celui des circuits traditionnels de l’agrofourniture : des ONGs, des réseaux d’agriculteurs, des politiques publiques et même certains acteurs privés encouragent la production de biointrants au sein de biofabriques, directement au sein des exploitations agricoles ou d’installations communautaires en zone rurale. Ces biofabriques ouvrent des perspectives nouvelles, mais font face dans le même temps à des défis majeurs.
As biofábricas, novos modelos de produção e acesso a insumos agrícolas na América latina
Authors: Goulet Frédéric , Guerrero Poveda Daniela , Odjo Sylvanus
Published: November 2024

A produção e o acesso a alternativas aos insumos químicos estão atraindo o interesse de muitos atores do setor agropecuário. Na América Latina, o crescente desenvolvimento de insumos biológicos - incluindo biofertilizantes, agentes de controle biológico e bioestimulantes - está oferecendo soluções para esses desafios (ver Perspectives 55, maio 2021). Esse boom é resultado de anos de investimento público em pesquisa e do dinamismo industrial no desenvolvimento de tecnologias baseadas em microrganismos, macroorganismos ou extratos de plantas. Ademais, diferentemente dos canais tradicionais de fornecimento de insumos agrícolas, ONGs, redes de agricultores, políticas públicas e até mesmo alguns agentes privados estão incentivando a produção de bioinsumos em biofábricas, diretamente nas fazendas ou em instalações comunitárias em áreas rurais. Essas biofábricas abrem novas perspectivas, contudo, ao mesmo tempo, enfrentam grandes desafios.
Sociative causative in South American languages
Authors: Pöllänen Roosa
Published: November 2024

In earlier research, the sociative causative has been considered a subcategory of a prototypical causative and not a category of its own. In the sociative causative the causer both initiates the event and participates in it, unlike in the prototypical causative in which the causer is only the initiator. It has been proposed that the causer can participate in the event either by acting together with the causee, helping the causee, or supervising the causee. The sociative causative can be marked on the predicate by using a specific sociative causative marker or it can be a reading of a prototypical causative construction or a reading of an applicative. It has been proposed in the previous literature that the sociative causative is an areal feature of the South American indigenous languages, and 26 languages were previously known to have sociative causative. In addition to these 26 languages, a genealogically balanced sampling method was applied and four more languages with sociative causative function were found. The 30 languages were analyzed formally and semantically. The analysis shows that the sociative causative usually describes the type of causation in which the causer is a co-actor with the causee or the causer helps the causee. The supervision type of sociative causation, however, occurred rarely. The sociative causative tends to be used with intransitive verbs that express motion or physical activity.
THE EFFECT OF REPETITIVE METAL CASTING ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF DENTURES
Authors: Sri Wiwik Wiyanti  , Mujiwati Mujiwati  , Adi Wibowo Sambodo , Marzia M. Tetelepta  , Imas Maesaroh
Published: November 2024

Background: Dentures or prostheses function to replace chewing and dental arch structures. Denture plates used in dentistry are made with acrylic resin, metal, or a combination of acrylic and metal. Metals are shiny, opaque chemical substances and good conductors of heat and can be polished. Recycling or reusing used metal is an option in making prostheses because the price of new metal is increasing, and metal recycling is quite effective. Purpose: To determine the effect of repeated metal casting on the strength of the metal frame denture base. Method: The current research is a laboratory study with a tensile test in the form of dumbbells with iso 22674 with a length of 15 ± 1 mm and a diameter of 3 ± 1 mm. This research used 18 CoCr metal samples divided into three groups, namely 100% new metal group (control), 50% new + 50% repeated composition group, and 100% repeated group. Result: The mean strain of the new 100% CoCr metals group was 0.133%, strain mean of the new 50% CoCr + 50% repeated metals group was 0.1%, and the strain of the 100% repeated CoCr metals group was 0.066%. The average modulus of elasticity (MPa) for the new 100% CoCr metals group is 7866, or 711 MPa, the new 50% CoCr + 50% repeat metals group is 7538, or 833 MPa, the 100% CoCr metals group is 6659, or 336 MPa. Conclusion: The new 100% CoCr metal group has a higher average tensile strength value than the 50% new CoCr metal + 50% repeated group, and the lowest is the 100% repeated CoCr metal group.
DETECTION, IDENTIFICATION, AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF FOODBORNE BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL PATHOGENS
Authors: Shakir Ullah  , Hayat Khan  , Usman Saeed  , Ismail Shahid  , Yasir Zubair  , Maryam Bibi  , Umair Islam  , Basit Ali  , Usman Shah  , Muhammad Iqbal Khan Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Foodborne diseases are verry common and easily spread, among strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Clostridium spp. Purpose: To isolate and characterize foodborne pathogenic bacteria and fungi in various foodstuffs. Method: A total of 260 samples (130 each from Peshawar and Mardan) were collected and analyzed. Only 61 tested positive for various types of bacterial and fungal pathogens. Then evaluated for their antibiotic/anti-fungal sensitivity patterns towards a panel of selected antibiotics and anti-fungal. Result: The Gram-positive isolates showed the highest resistance to methicillin (79%) and amoxicillin (63%), most sensitive to ceftriaxone (88%), levofloxacin (86%), and cefotaxime (77%). Intermediate activities were exhibited by azithromycin (50%) and vancomycin (55%). In terms of the Gram-negative bacteria, the best activities were shown by ciprofloxacin (100%), cefoxitin (100%), chloramphenicol (100%), and ceclor (100%). Intermediate activity was discovered for cefixime (50%), cefuroxime (50%), and linezolid (50%). Three anti-fungal drugs (fluconazole, voriconazole, and nystatin) were used to assess their potency against the fungal pathogens. Mucor spp. proved relatively more susceptible to all anti-fungal drugs. The only Fusarium spp. isolate was highly resistant to all anti-fungal in this research. Conclusion: The prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria is greater than Gram-negative bacteria in the current study. The frequency of fungal pathogens was relatively high in both raw and ready-to-eat foods, while packaged foods were free from fungal contamination. We recommend that appropriate safety when handling and cooking food. Moreover, food products should be screened for different pathogenic microbes.
FABRICATION OF ALL PORCELAIN CANTILEVER BRIDGE RESTORATION IN CASES OF GINGIVA RECESSION USING ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE MATERIAL WITH ADDITIONAL RETENSION
Authors: Pauline Yobellivia , Inayati Eny , Goenharto Sianiwati , Setyowati Okti , Kusdaryanti Endang , Redjeki Indiani Sri , Mia Laksmi Lita Rosa
Published: November 2024

Background: Aesthetic and functional dental restoration is a hope for people who have lost teeth, especially in the anterior region. Missing tooth 13 with more than 2 mm gingival recession can be made into a cantilever bridge restoration with the addition of porcelain gingiva. Gingival recession is when the tooth root surface is exposed due to periodontal tissue loss. Zirconia is a dental restoration material often used because of its biocompatibility, strength, and aesthetics. Purpose: To determine the procedure for making all porcelain cantilever bridge restorations in cases of gingival recession using zirconia material. Case analysis: The dental laboratory received a dental cast model of a 39-year-old female patient missing tooth 13 and had gingival recession on tooth 14 of more than 2 mm. Order in the form of restoration of all porcelain cantilever bridges from zirconia. Result: The cantilever bridge coping was made from zirconium dioxide and then layered with feldspathic porcelain to achieve optimal strength and aesthetics. A rest is made on tooth 12 to provide additional retention. Conclusion: The procedure for making all porcelain cantilever bridge restorations includes making diagnostic wax-up, scanning, coping design, milling, sintering, fitting, sandblasting, layering, anatomy, and glazing. Things that must be considered are the design, thickness of the coping, and connectors to achieve a restoration that is strong, resistant to fracture, and has good aesthetics. Porcelain gingiva was added in the cervical area of tooth 14 restorations to cover the recession
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, BEHAVIORS, AND INCIDENTS REGARDING DENGUE FEVER AMONG FARMERS IN THE KALITIDU SUBDISTRICT, BOJONEGORO
Authors: Aracelly Putri Pribadi  , Noeroel Widajati
Published: November 2024

Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is a type of fever that comes on suddenly and lasts for 2 - 7 days. It is caused by the dengue virus and is spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about DF and the incidence of dengue. Method: This research utilized a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a correlational research approach. The data were collected using a probability sampling technique called simple random sampling. This research surveyed 67 family heads, who worked as farmers, to become respondents and their data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Result: The statistical analysis using the Chi-square test resulted in p-values of 0.000055 for knowledge, 0.00001 for attitudes, and 0.003316 for behavior. All of which were significant at a level of p-value < 0.05. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents 83% had a high level of knowledge about dengue, 77% had a high level of attitudes, and 66% exhibited a high level of behaviors. Out of the 67 respondents, a large percentage 85% had not contracted dengue fever. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between the level of knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes regarding Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and the incidence of dengue fever.
FACTORS RELATED TO COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME (CVS) COMPLAINTS IN PROGRAMMERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Marvita  , Noeroel Widajati  , Shafira Nurul Ramadhani  , Wuri Handayani Vitria
Published: November 2024

Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) symptoms can result from improper computer use. The manifestation of symptoms may encompass ocular strain, cephalalgia, ocular pain, xerophthalmia, diplopia, and visual blurring, influencing occupational efficiency. Purpose: To analyze factors related to CVS complaints among programmers at an IT consulting company in Jakarta. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive research involving 60 participants was conducted. The research examined the relationship between CVS complaints among programmers and several independent variables, including individual characteristics such as gender, age, visual aids, rest time, duration of computer use, work period, and workstation factors such as viewing distance from the screen to the horizontal eye line. The Spearman rank correlation test was utilized for data analysis. Result: Specifically, gender (sig.= 0.000), visual aids (sig.= 0.003), and the position of the top screen with the horizontal line of the eye (sig.= 0.029) were significantly related to CVS complaints. Age (sig.= 0.608), length of rest (sig.=0.055), duration of computer use (sig.= 0.138), work period (sig.= 0.717), and screen viewing distance (sig.= 0.058) did not show a significant relationship with CVS complaints. Conclusion: There is a relationship between gender, visual aids, and the position of the top of the screen with the horizontal line of the eye with CVS complaints. There is no relationship between age, length of rest, duration of computer use, working time, and screen viewing distance. Companies are expected to provide education regarding the correct use of computers, regular eye health checks, and enforce a 20-20-20 rule (20 minutes of rest, looking at objects 20 feet away for 20 seconds).
RISK ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY INTHE ROOF TILE INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Dakwatun Shofia  , Ana Islamiyah Syamila
Published: November 2024

Background: One of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) efforts to minimize risk is by carrying out risk management. The challenge in informal industries is that comprehensive risk analysis has not been carried out, so there is no control program to prevent work accidents. There have been work accidents in the roof tile industry due to various potential dangers that were not controlled beforehand. Purpose: To analyze the risks that exist in the roof tile manufacturing process. Method: This research uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted in one of the roof tile industries in Indonesia. The units of analysis in this research are the process of mixing raw materials, grinding, molding, drying, and burning. The type of OHS risk analytical used is HIRARC, one of the implementations of ISO 31000 : 2018 for company risk management. HIRARC consists of hazard identification, risk assessment, risk evaluation, and risk control. Result: There are 89 potential hazards in the roof tile manufacturing process from. Most of the risks are low-level though there are still two categorized as very high. The results of the risk evaluation are categorized as Acceptable. Controls are carried out, starting from elimination until the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Conclusion: The most commonly identified hazards are physical hazards. Most risks fall to "Low and Acceptable’"category. However, there are still some risks that fall to "Unacceptable" category. Therefore, risk controls still need to be implemented based on hierarchy of controls.
Early and mid-term results of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) surgery
Authors: Margari Vito , Squiccimarro Enrico , Pascarella Clemente , Tupputi Francesco Pio , Carbone Carmine , Paparella Domenico
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the early and mid-term outcomes of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) surgery for isolated left anterior descending artery (LAD) disease, with a primary focus on revascularization-free survival.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 155 consecutive patients who underwent MIDCAB at Santa Maria Hospital, Bari, Italy, between May 2017 and December 2023. All patients received a direct anastomosis of the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) to the LAD, with sequential grafting performed for those with concurrent diagonal artery disease. The primary endpoint was revascularization-free survival. The secondary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models were employed for statistical analysis.

Results: The median follow-up duration was 36 months [12-48]. No 30-day postoperative deaths occurred. The 5-year revascularization-free survival rate was 84.2% [77.4-91.7], and the overall 5-year survival rate was 90.5% [85.1-96.2]. Predictors of the primary endpoint were preoperative New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III (HR 5.898 [1.187-29.311], P = 0.030) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (HR 3.405 [1.232-9.415], P = 0.018). The incidence of complications was low, with no cerebrovascular events reported.

Conclusion: MIDCAB for isolated LAD disease is safe, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes and excellent mid-term survival. These findings align with existing literature, underscoring the procedure’s reproducibility. Further multicenter studies are needed to validate these results and compare MIDCAB versus PCI in treating isolated LAD disease.
A Short Proof of Knuth's Old Sum
Authors: Adegoke Kunle
Published: November 2024

We give a short proof of the well-known Knuth's old sum and provide some generalizations. Our approach utilizes the binomial theorem and integration formulas derived using the Beta function. Several new polynomial identities and combinatorial identities are derived.
Optimizing Sustainability in Bridge Projects: A Framework Integrating Risk Analysis, BIM with LCSA according to ISO Standards
Authors: Ahmad Dema Munef Munef , Gáspár László , Maya Rana Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Building bridges sustainably is essential for advancing infrastructure development and ensuring long-term environmental, social, and economic viability. This study presents a framework that integrates risk management strategies and Building Information Modeling (BIM) with Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) standards to enhance bridge project sustainability. Through a targeted survey, the study evaluates risks across bridge lifecycle phases, identifying main processes that significantly impact sustainability. Using the Pareto Principle, the framework prioritizes these processes and associated risks, guiding the creation of targeted improvement guidelines aligned with ISO 9001:2015, BIM, and LCSA standards, which support high quality and efficiency. Results reveal that 38 of 55 identified risks account for 80% of the lifecycle impact, and they include the majority of those derived from international standards, underscoring their significance in sustainability efforts. Additionally, 36 of 47 main processes are subject to 80% of the impact from these vital risks, highlighting phases like construction and supervision as priority areas for intervention. By linking specific risks to each process within these phases, the study outlines essential guidelines and strategic measures, ensuring a focused approach to sustainable bridge development that aligns with international standards and maximizes lifecycle sustainability outcomes.
Molecular, Metabolic, and Physiological Response to Progressive Biotic Stress Caused by Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Turnip Mosaic Virus in saffronTitle
Authors: Shamshiri Marzieh , Sánchez Conchi , Rico Saleta , Mokhtassi-Bidgoli Ali , Ayyari Mahdi , Rezadoost Hassan , Shams-Bakhsh Masoud
Published: November 2024

The economic value of saffron stigma is primarily due to three crucial apocarotenoids: crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal, which contribute to its color, flavor and aroma. These compounds make saffron highly sought after in various industries. Plant viruses like Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) are significant threats to agricultural crops worldwide, causing economic losses. To elucidate the influence of viral stress on the quality of saffron, morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular indexes were assessed. Under the stress of both viruses, typical viral symptoms appeared. The lowest content of leaf pigments, flowering performance, petal anthocyanin, greenness and photosynthesis properties were observed in plants infected with CMV and TuMV. According to High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, CMV inoculation led to the highest reduction in crocin and safranal content, while inducing the highest increase in picrocrocin compared to the mock treatment. Gene expression analysis involved in the biosynthesis of crucial secondary metabolites showed a high correlation with the content of each metabolite. CMV inoculation caused the lowest expression of CsALDH31l and the highest expression of CsUGT709G1 compared to the mock. Our findings demonstrate the associations between virus stress and changes in the metabolism of the saffron medicinal plant.
Morbidity and Mortality of Eastern Barn Owls (Tyto javanica) Admitted to a Southeast Queensland Wildlife Hospital
Authors: Doneley Robert , Hicks Ashleigh , Hill Andrew
Published: November 2024

The Eastern barn owl (Tyto javanica), a sub-group of Tyto alba, the most common species of owl in the world, is classified as “of least concern” under local legislation but appears to be affected by urban development. Between 3/8/ 2010 and 31/12/2021, 412 wild Eastern barn owls were presented for treatment to the Currumbin Wildlife Hospital. A retrospective study of their medical records shows a strong association between season and the number of admissions, with a combined total of 80% of admissions occurring in winter and spring (the breeding season for this species) in southeast Queensland. There were no significant association between age and admissions. The most common diagnosis was traumatic injuries, especially in winter and spring. Of all admissions, 46.61% died or were euthanased, 36.17% were transferred to wildlife carers, and 13.83% were released. We postulate that the breeding season results in an increase in the owls’ activity, in turn resulting in greater risk exposure, and an increased admissions to veterinary clinics. These findings appear to confirm that and thus provide information about the vulnerability of this species to anthropogenic activities, and the implications for outcomes of injured owls.
Detection of Small-Scale Open-Burning Agriculture Fires Through Remote Sensing
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo R. , Silva Bárbara Tavares , Lopes Diogo , Corticeiro Sofia , Alves Fátima L. , Disperati Leonardo , Gama Carla
Published: November 2024

Open-burning of agricultural residues is a widespread practice with significant environmental implications. This study explores the potential of satellite remote sensing to detect and analyze small-scale agricultural fires in Portugal, focusing on their spatial and temporal characteristics. Using active fire detection products from various satellite platforms, including VIIRS, MODIS, SLSTR, and SEVIRI, we conducted a detailed analysis across two local case studies and a national-scale assessment. The study evaluates both active fire detections and post-fire burned area estimations, including high-resolution satellite imagery to overcome the limitations associated with the small size and low intensity of these fires. Results indicate that while active fire detections are feasible for larger-scale burnings, challenges remain for smaller fires due to resolution constraints. A systematic comparison with an agricultural burning request database further highlights the need for enhanced temporal and spatial precision in data to improve detection reliability. Despite these limitations, this work underscores the importance of remote sensing tools in monitoring agricultural burning practices and enhancing environmental management efforts.
Assessment of the Nutritional Status of a Hospitalized Children by Using Growth Parameters Ad Indicators: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Elgadal Amani H , Elnour Asim Ahmed , Mohamed Rofaida Mahmoud , Omer Yasssmien Abdu Alrhaman , Saeed Ali Awadallah , Al-Kubaisi Khalid Awad , Al Mazrouei Nadia , Beshir Semira Abdi , Menon Vineetha , Al Amoodi Abdulla , Alsulami Fahad T. , Alqarni Yousef Saeed , Abdalla Sami Fatehi , Badi Safaa
Published: November 2024

Background
Child development is multifaceted and depends on various elements including diet, genetic makeup, environmental conditions, and exposure to infections. Proper nutrition significantly impacts a child’s capacity to manage and recover from illness. Thus, evaluating nutritional health is a fundamental aspect of pediatric healthcare.
Objective
The current study assesses the nutritional status of hospitalized children and adolescents by analyzing growth parameters related to age, weight, height, and gender, identifying disparities , and determining influencing risk factors.
Methods
A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted at Mohamed El-Alamin Hamed Hospital for children in Khartoum-Sudan. The study focused on children and adolescents aged six months to 16 years who were hospitalized for over 24 hours, excluding those in critical conditions, selected by purposive sampling. Caregivers were interviewed after consent was obtained, with data collected through detailed medical histories, physical examination, and a specialized questionnaire.
Results
Two hundred sixty-eight subjects were enrolled in this study. Among them, males accounted for 146 (54.5%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1. A total of 199 (74.2%) of the subjects had a height/length for age >-2 z-score (normal), 49 (18.3%) had a +3 SD (obese). Regarding nutrition status, 161 (60%) had normal malnutrition, 32 (11.9%) had moderate wasting, and 45 (16.8%) had severe wasting. Grade 2 edema was observed in four (8.9%) children, and only three (9.4%) had grade 3 edema. Malnutrition risk factors significantly correlated with the female gender, hospital admission rate, and the absence of exclusive breastfeeding (p
A New Strategy to Select Pediococcus pentosaceus Strains for the Application of Protective Cultures in Foods and Care Products
Authors: Fischer Sebastian W. , Mariani Corea Nadine , Euler Anna , Titgemeyer Fritz
Published: November 2024

Pediococcus pentosaceus is a lactic acid bacterium used inter alia for fermentation of milk, meat, vegetables, fruits, and even beer. The resulting food products are tasty and safe. Furthermore, health-promoting effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and detoxification have been attributed. Beside refining foods during the fermentation process, P. pentosaceus might be added to foods as a protective culture to improve food safety and extension of shelf-life, leaving the organoleptic properties of the food untouched. We have addressed the search for novel protective P. pediococcus strains by investigation of 38 isolates from milk samples and teat canal biofilms from dairy farms located in the vicinity of Muenster, Germany. P. pentosaceus strains were unequivocally identified by DNA sequencing of the gene encoding 16S rRNA. Binary matrices obtained from random amplification of polymorphic DNA experiments showed that all isolates differed and thus represent subspecies. The antibacterial profiles of 13 selected isolates showed that seven food pathogens and food spoilage bacteria could efficiently combat, although to various extends, gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Salmonella enterica, and gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococci and Listeria monocytogenes. Interestingly, acid production was dependent on the presence of the challenged pathogen but did not significantly correlate with the extend of inhibition. The genomes of three top-ranked isolates were sequenced. We found that the genome size and the harbored plasmids differed significantly, confirming the subtle genomic plasticity. One to two genes encoding bacteriocins could be detected in each of the three genomes. Our approach for protective culture screening demonstrates that it is worth to examine many isolates from a specific species to select the best performing strain for application in food and care products.
Research of Power Transmission in Photovoltaic Microgrid Model
Authors: Yujia Cheng , Yu Guang
Published: November 2024

With the global energy mix transformation, new energy resources, particularly luminous energy, have garnered increasing attention, along with a gradual increase in their proportion in the electric power sector. However, challenges in new energy resource consumption and system planning persist. This study develops a power supply planning model that improves the consumptive ability of new energy resources. Specifically, this study presents a power supply planning model based on a photovoltaic (PV) microgrid system. System modeling and simulation analysis were conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, analyzing the output characteristics of PV microgrid system optimization. Initially, models for PV power and direct current load were established, and the effects of different parameters on the power curve were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the mathematical models are effective in simulating the output characteristics of PV microgrid systems. Additionally, the model optimized the power supply, supporting the sustainable development of the power system. Adjusting the model’s parameters significantly influences the system output, which is valuable for designing and optimizing PV power generation systems.
Wheat Germ as Partial or Total Substitutive of Meat in Low‐Fat Pork Cooked Sausages
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Marta , Revilla Isabel , Rodrigo Pablo , López-Calabozo Rocío , Vivar-Quintana Ana María
Published: November 2024

Wheat germ is a by-product of the cereal industry with interesting nutritional properties, including its high protein content. However, so far few applications have been found in the meat industry despite the growing interest in the use of vegetable proteins to reduce meat consumption. Therefore, the use of whet germ for the production of low-fat frankfurters was considered. A control sausage and four formulations with progressive substitution of lean pork (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) were elaborated. Proximal composition, color, texture, emulsion characterization, fatty acid profile, fat oxidation and consumer acceptance were then analyzed. The results showed that the incorporation of wheat germ improved emulsion stability although the batters were more cohesive. In terms of the final product, the progressive substitution of meat by germ resulted in significant increases in fiber as well as significant decreases in moisture, fat, protein and ash. Sausages made with germ were darker and yellower and less reddish, as well as harder, chewier and gummier, but less cohesive and elastic. Similarly, wheat germ substitution improved the quality of the lipid profile, but decreased acceptability. Substitution of meat was only feasible up to 25%, a formulation for which there was hardly any significant difference with the control.
A Decade-Long Review of the Virulence, Resistance, and Epidemiological Risks of Klebsiella pneumoniae in ICUs
Authors: Chen Tao An , Chuang Ya Ting , Lin Chieh Hui
Published: November 2024

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections in intensive care units (ICUs) represent a major clinical challenge, driven by factors such as patient comorbidities, invasive procedures, and prior antibiotic use. CRKP, a multidrug-resistant pathogen, has emerged as a significant threat to vulnerable populations, particularly those with immunosuppression or prolonged hospital stays. Additionally, the rise of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) strains, such as those carrying K1 and K2 capsule types, exacerbates infection severity, even in healthy individuals. These strains, often resistant to carbapenems, are associated with increased virulence, biofilm formation, and immune evasion. This review highlights the complex interplay between resistance and virulence factors, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced infection control, genomic surveillance, and the development of new therapeutic approaches. Addressing this growing threat requires tailored interventions, antimicrobial stewardship, and vaccine development to reduce transmission and improve patient outcomes in ICU settings.