bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vertical changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and impacts on photochemical ozone formation
Authors: Li Xiao-Bing , Yuan Bin , Huangfu Yibo , Yang Suxia , Song Xin , Qi Jipeng , He Xianjun , Wang Sihang , Chen Yubin , Yang Qing , Song Yongxin , Peng Yuwen , Tang Guiqian , Gao Jian , Shao Min
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play crucial roles in regulating the formation of tropospheric ozone. However, limited knowledge on the interactions between vertical VOC variations and photochemical ozone formation has hindered effective ozone control strategies, especially in large cities. In this study, we investigated the vertical changes in concentrations, compositions, and key driving factors of a large suite of VOCs using online gradient measurements taken from a 325 m tall tower in urban Beijing. We also analyzed the impact of these vertical VOC variations on photochemical ozone formation using box model simulations. Our results indicate that the vertical variations of various VOC species are strictly regulated by the diurnal evolution of the planetary boundary layer. During daytime, reactive hydrocarbons are rapidly oxidized as they mix upwards, leading to the formation of OVOCs. This process plays a more significant role in regulating photochemical ozone formation with increasing height. In the lower layer, the photochemical formation of ozone responds positively to changes in both NOx and VOCs. As a result, the production rate of ozone decreases with height due to significant reductions in the concentrations of both NOx and VOCs, but remains high in the middle and upper layers. The strong production of ozone aloft is primarily driven by high concentrations of OVOCs and hydroxyl radicals, which can act as an important source of ozone at ground level. Therefore, careful consideration should be given to the vertical variations in both photochemical ozone production rates and formation regimes in the whole boundary layer when developing regional ozone control strategies.
Groundwater dynamics beneath a marine ice sheet
Authors: Cairns Gabriel , Benham Graham , Hewitt Ian
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Sedimentary basins beneath many Antarctic ice streams host substantial volumes of groundwater, which can be exchanged with a “shallow” subglacial hydrological system of till and channelised water. This exchange contributes substantially to basal water budgets, which in turn modulate the flow of ice streams. The geometry of these sedimentary basins is known to be complex, and the groundwater therein has been observed to vary in salinity due to historic seawater intrusion. However, little is known about the hydraulic properties of subglacial sedimentary basins, and the factors controlling groundwater exfiltration and infiltration. We develop a mathematical model for two-dimensional groundwater flow beneath a marine-terminating ice stream on geological timescales, taking into account the effect of seawater intrusion. We find that seawater may become “trapped” in subglacial sedimentary basins, through cycles of grounding line advance and retreat or through “pockets” arising from basin geometry. In addition, we estimate the sedimentary basin permeability which reproduces field observations of groundwater salinity profiles from beneath Whillans Ice Stream in West Antarctica. Exchange of groundwater with the shallow hydrological system is primarily controlled by basin geometry, with groundwater being exfiltrated where the basin becomes shallower and re-infiltrating where it becomes deeper. However, seawater intrusion also has non-negligible effects on this exchange.
Oral history in geographischer Forschung: Emotionen und Verlust in Erfahrungsgeschichten ehemaliger Werftarbeiter:innen erforschen
Authors: Küttel Nora Mariella
Published: October 2024

Abstract. This article presents a spatially sensitive approach to the narratives of transformation processes, employing oral history to explore the connection between loss, emotions, and memory in the context of changing shipyard work in East Germany since 1989. The former place of work, the shipyard, serves as a central place where loss, emotions and memory condense. The method of oral history enables the subjective narration of past experiences and forms the basis for recording and analyzing narratives of experiences. Empirically, the article draws on oral history interviews with former shipyard workers to gain deeper insights into their memories, experiences and the emotional impact of the loss or impending loss of their jobs. This research contributes to understanding the social and emotional effects of transformation processes, emphasizing the importance of oral history in incorporating the subjective experiences of those affected in geographical research.
Core Services: An Introduction to Global Ocean Forecasting
Authors: Drillet Yann , Martin Matthew , Miyazawa Yasumasa , Bell Mike , Chassignet Eric , Ciliberti Stefania
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The capacity in monitoring and forecasting the global ocean is nowadays increased, thanks to the advancements in observing and in modelling the main physical ocean processes and dynamics. This has led to the growth of core services, devoted in providing free and open data, science-driven and based on users’ needs. Here we illustrate the fundamental steps that have been developed, along the last decades, for improving the ocean value chain – from the access to upstream data like observations to the delivery of products to users for downstream services and applications, with description of worldwide state-of-the-art operational ocean forecasting systems at global scale. It provides also some examples on core services organisation, like the Copernicus Marine Service and many others as today available and operating for the provisioning of near real time predictions.
Harpies in the House: Neo-Victorian Rewritings of Avian Femininities
Authors: Contreras Ameduri Clara
Published: October 2024

This article examines avian metaphors in Neo-Victorian literature in relation to contemporary reconsiderations of nineteenth-century womanhood and its connection to animal discourse. Ornithological imagery and the female condition were closely linked in the nineteenth-century cultural imaginary, as clearly manifested in the period’s literature and art. From the idealized image of the submissive wife caged within the Victorian household to the controversial use of feathers in feminine accessories, bird-like women perched on the margins between the domestic space and the outside world. Significantly, birdcage imagery has since been recovered by numerous feminist authors to denounce women’s lack of freedom under patriarchal oppression. However, such analogies have often been rooted in a rejection of animality, rather than in a sense of solidarity between women and animals against androcentric domination. As this article intends to prove, Neo-Victorian works such as A. S. Byatt’s The Conjugial Angel (1992) and Angela Carter’s Nights at the Circus (1984) offer subversive possibilities for the reinterpretation of avian imagery in ways that challenge the interlocking patriarchal and speciesist dynamics at the core of anthropocentric culture.
Descolonización educativa y horizontes de transformación: Integrando epistemologías del Sur en la lucha antirracista, el Buen Vivir y la educación inclusiva
Authors: Lazo García Teodoro
Published: October 2024

Este artículo explora la descolonización educativa, integrando epistemologías del Sur en la lucha antirracista, el Buen Vivir y la educación inclusiva. Se examinan enfoques teóricos y prácticos, destacando la importancia de una perspectiva interseccional. Se discuten ejemplos concretos de implementación curricular y estrategias pedagógicas, junto con reflexiones sobre los desafíos y oportunidades.
Construyendo ciudadanías críticas a través de la participación con perspectiva de género en las aulas universitarias
Authors: Resa Ocio Ainhoa , Revuelta Vidal Miriam
Published: October 2024

En un contexto en el que se asimilan dinámicas neoliberales en las universidades, se hace necesario abogar por prácticas docentes que favorezcan la participación desde una perspectiva de género en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la formación universitaria. En este artículo se analizan los datos cualitativos obtenidos a partir de grupos de discusión con profesorado universitario y observaciones participantes en las aulas que permiten la triangulación de los mismos en el marco de un proyecto de investigación de la UCM de la red PartyGen. Los resultados ponen de relieve, entre otros, conceptualizaciones diferenciadas de la participación, la importancia de la cohesión y la construcción del aula como espacio seguro, así como sesgos de género en la misma. Se evidencia la necesidad de trabajar desde una perspectiva feminista y participativa desde miradas interseccionales en las aulas universitarias.
Programa de prácticas en el Sáhara, una oportunidad para aprehender resistencias femeninas
Authors: Téllez Delgado Virtudes , Bejarano Franco María Teresa
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se muestra cómo la valoración cualitativa de un programa de prácticas de docentes en formación en los campamentos de refugiados y refugiadas saharauis revela el enriquecimiento que estas intervenciones aportan a las competencias profesionales en cooperación internacional. Al mismo tiempo, el contacto con las mujeres en los campamentos, impregna al alumnado de las formas de resistencia hacia la opresión que éstas llevan a cabo por la violación de derechos humanos a la que el pueblo saharaui está sometido desde décadas.
Ciencias sociales aplicadas e implicadas desde la universidad: El equipo AFRICAInEs –investigación y estudios aplicados al desarrollo (SEJ-491)
Authors: Vieitez Cerdeño Soledad , Manzanera Ruiz Roser
Published: October 2024

En este artículo analizamos la trayectoria aplicada e implicada del grupo andaluz de investigación de la Universidad de Granada: AFRICAInEs (SEJ-491), desde 2006 hasta la actualidad, cuyo objetivo y compromiso claro es y ha sido de transformación social, más allá de meramente contribuir a la “ciencia” en sí misma, con perspectiva de género y unas percepciones del desarrollo compatibles culturalmente, mediante la incorporación de contenidos y prácticas académicas e investigadoras que atajan los aspectos más estructurales y enraizados de la desigualdad e incorporan las epistemologías del sur, los feminismos o los antirracismos de forma interseccional.
A topological proof of the Riemann–Hurwitz formula
Authors: Wadhwa Mrinalini
Published: October 2024

The Riemann–Hurwitz formula is generally given as a result from algebraic geometry that provides a means of constraining branched covers of surfaces via their Euler characteristic. By restricting to the special case of compact Riemann surfaces, we develop an alternative proof of the formula that draws on topology and manifold theory as opposed to more advanced algebraic machinery. We first discuss the foundation in manifold theory, defining Riemann surfaces and providing an example of the complex projective line. We then discuss the local topological structure of holomorphic maps between Riemann surfaces, introducing the notion of a branched cover and of branch points. Next, we discuss triangulations of a topological space and use this to intro- duce the Euler characteristic of Riemann surfaces. Using these definitions, we explicate and prove the Riemann–Hurwitz formula on compact Riemann surfaces. To conclude, we discuss consequences of this formula for adjacent fields such as algebraic topology. We provide visual intuition and examples throughout, drawing primarily on Szameuly’s Galois Groups and Fundamental Groups (2009), as well as Forster’s Lectures on Riemann Surfaces (1981), Guillemin and Pollack’s Differential Topology (1974), and a few other supplementary sources. The main prerequisite for this paper is a background in topology and covering spaces.
Exploring Leadership Excellence and Accountability in Organisational Dynamics: A Comprehensive Analysis in Nigeria
Authors: O. Balogun, , B. Zaghmout,
Published: October 2024

This study explores the relationship between leadership excellence and accountability within organisations in Plateau State, Nigeria, and their combined impact on organisational culture and success. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data to provide a comprehensive analysis. Quantitative data were gathered through a structured questionnaire, revealing moderately positive perceptions of leadership practices, with a particular emphasis on fostering continuous learning and responsibility among leaders. Qualitative data, obtained through thematic analysis of open-ended responses, highlight effective leadership practices such as transparent communication and collaboration, as well as challenges in implementing accountability measures, including resistance to change and resource limitations. The Integration of quantitative and qualitative findings underscores the significant influence of leadership on accountability and, consequently, on organisational culture. The study also addresses social desirability bias by assuring participants of their anonymity and encouraging honest feedback. The findings contribute to academic discourse by providing localized Insights into leadership and accountability within the specific context of Plateau State, Nigeria. Practical recommendations include investing in leadership development programs, enhancing clarity in accountability measures, promoting continuous learning, addressing communication gaps, and prioritizing employee engagement. This research offers a roadmap for organisational leaders aiming to foster a culture of accountable leadership and drive organisational success in dynamic business environments.
Mixed Convection Flow of a Viscous Dissipative and Heat Generating/Absorbing Fluid Through a Slit Microchannel
Authors: Ojemeri G. , Ibrahim A. S. , Onwubuya I. O.
Published: October 2024

This paper is aimed at investigating the consequences of viscous dissipation and super-hydrophobicity on a magnetized mixed convection flow of an electrically conducting fluid across an up facing microchannel influenced by a transverse magnetic field. The plates were alternatively heated and incorporated with heat source/sink effect. The modeled governing equations have been obtained using a semi-analytical (regular perturbation) method. Various line graphs have been plotted to demonstrate the behavior of key parameter dictating the flow. It was found out that the thermal gradient and fluid velocity are significantly enhanced for mounting values of mixed convection Gre, Brickman number Br, Darcy porous number K and heat source S parameters in the superhydrophobic microchannel for constant pressure gradient Г. On the other hand, the velocity deteriorates for increasing levels of magnetic field M and heat sink S factors. Further, the comparison of this present analysis with previously published literature for limiting cases when Г=S=0 and Gre=1 showcased an excellent concurrence, thereby confirming the accuracy and validity of this present investigation. The findings from this research will find relevance in engineering, technological and industrial processes such as for solar collectors, nuclear reactors cooled during emergency shutdown, nuclear power plants, gas turbines and the various propulsion devices for aircraft, missiles, satellites and space vehicles.
Biblical Principles of Marriage for Building Mutual Marital Relationships in Contemporary Africa with a Particular Reference to Hona Culture
Authors: Umaru Victor
Published: October 2024

Modern Africans, especially Hona people, have attitudes towards marriage that are more akin to those of the Europeans of the same generation than their parents or grandparents, especially regarding the start of a relationship. Although some antiquated practices, like polygamy and the bride price, are a reminder that contemporary Africans still make an effort to stay connected to their history despite how the world has changed. Despite this assertion, one can gradually see the sudden disappearance of the cultural marriage pattern among the Hona people. The discursive and analytical approach used in this research to close this existential gap typically refers to the use of language as a social practice and established methods of generating the meanings of phenomena, knowledge, and reality, as well as the networks connecting them. Through this method, the researcher examines how meanings are created in human contact about the biblical guidelines for marriage. Christianity (religion) in Africa is progressively starting to rule Hona and some parts of Africa; the argument made in this paper is that biblical standards for marriage must be accepted among all races on the continents. The study’s findings reveal that marriage is instituted and invented by God; attached is the manual on how it can be operated for the beneficiary’s benefit. This manual is the Bible, available in almost every Christian home. If strictly adhered to its teachings, there will be no incidences of malfunctioning. Christian homes and marriages are having issues because the Manufacturer’s prescription is not followed. Therefore, the study pitched its tent that if marital relationships work, there is a need to understand the concept of “Oneness” different from sameness. Finally, there is a need to understand how the mind is structured. For marriage to be sustained, the paper recommends that submissiveness and love are non-negotiable traits between couples.
Geografizando a Filosofia Brasileira: A Questão sobre uma Filosofia Nordestina
Authors: Andrade Eusébio
Published: October 2024

É possível falarmos de uma filosofia nordestina? Caso seja possível, o que a caracterizaria e como ela seria constituída? Será que filosofam no/sobre o nordeste? Essas são algumas das perguntas que irão guiar a discussão proposta aqui neste ensaio, que de antemão, não garanto de que irei obter êxito para respondê-las, mas a minha pretensão aqui acima de tudo é suscitar a discussão acerca desse tema tão significativo.
Influence of Alkali Oxide on the Characteristics of Copper Sodium-Borate Glass System
Authors: Rabbiah Zaheer  , Aneeta Afzal  , Najma Altaf  , Mehvish  , Anwar Manzoor Rana
Published: October 2024

Melt quench copper sodium borate glass (75%H3BO3+(25-x)%Cu2O+x%Na2CO3) with x = 5,6,7,8,9,10 was made. Powdered samples were warmed at 300°C for 45 minutes to eliminate moisture, then melted at 950°C for three hours. After annealing at 250°C for 90 minutes, these specimens were polished smooth. We examined how sodium carbonate affects borate glass physical, dielectric, and electrical characteristics. Sample X-ray diffraction was measured using PAN analytical Empyrean diffractometer. XRD data shows the materials are very amorphous. Archimedes calculated density. As Na2CO3 concentration increases, density drops. The density fell from 2.56 to 2.05 g/cm3. Molar volume rose from 31.36 to 38.26 cm3/mole. The glass samples' dielectric characteristics were measured with a 20-Hz-1 MHz LCR meter. The dielectric constant and loss decreased at higher frequencies and peaked at lower applied electric field frequencies. However, AC conductivity was poor at low frequencies and increased with frequency. Electrical characteristics of glass samples at room temperature show linear I-V behavior. FTIR data shows intensity and vibrational band shifts owing to Na2CO3 replacing copper oxide. This modifies borate glass network, causing distinctive differences.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Informative Booklet Regarding Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Staff Nurses Regarding Prevention of Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI)
Authors: Manasa Prathipati. , Usha Rani Neelam
Published: October 2024

Background: Nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICU) have a vital role in reducing Central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) if they are well educated to use strategies to decrease Central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) rate which are based on the center for disease control and prevention guidelines (CDC) to improve patient’s outcomes. Health-care-associated infections are a huge concern in the intensive care units (ICUs) across the globe. Nearly 90% of catheter-related bloodstream infections are caused by central venous catheters (CVCs). Central venous catheters (CVC) are commonly inserted in critically ill patients and play an important role for hemodynamic monitoring and delivery of crucial treatments. Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection occurring in a patient with a CVC in place for >48 hours that is not related to an infection at any other site. Preventing nosocomial infections pose a great challenge in ICU, because of the multi-drug resistant organisms treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Clinical practice guidelines from various organizations are available for prevention of vascular catheter related infections. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement has introduced a “central line bundle” that includes the five best evidence-based practices to prevent CLABSI. This bundle includes hand hygiene, maximal barrier precautions during catheter insertion, skin antisepsis with chlorhexidine, optimal selection of the catheter site, with avoidance of the femoral vein and a daily assessment of line necessity, including the removal of an unnecessary line. Of these components, “hand hygiene” (HH) is the most convenient and cost effective to follow. “Hand Hygiene” HH prevents the transmission of pathogens and is a universal strategy to prevent all nosocomial infections. The World Health Organization has proposed a multimodal strategy; which includes five elements called the “Five Moments for Hand Hygiene”, as an evidence-based approach to prevent hospital-acquired infections. The five moments include, before touching the patient, before performing any a clean/aseptic procedure, after exposure/risk of body fluid, after touching the patient and after touching the patient surroundings. Therefore, the researcher was curious to know the effectiveness of informative booklet regarding knowledge, attitude and practice of intensive care unit staff nurses regarding prevention of central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI).
Lumbar disk herniation mimicking a spinal tumor: A case report
Authors:   National Institute of Oncology Rabat, University Mohammed V of Rabat, Morocco., Houssni Jihane EL
Published: October 2024

Patient aged 54 years, operated on 4 months ago for gastric adenocarcinoma, currently undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy, presenting with paresis of the lower limbs. An MRI of the lumbar spine was performed, revealing a sequestrated extra-dural mass adjacent to the vertebral bodies
Findings on temporal lobe epilepsy confused with panic disorder
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey., Aydin Emre
Published: October 2024

Panic disorder symptoms may be confused with temporal lobe epilepsy findings. In this study, it was determined that the complaints of an male adult patient with panic disorder for 4 years were associated with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Full-thickness macular hole recurrence after spontaneous closure
Authors:   School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia., Pietris James
Published: October 2024

A 47-year-old female presented with reduced left visual acuity of 6/18 and metamorphopsia. She was found to have a full-thickness central macular hole (Figure 1A). Surgical repair was planned, however one week prior to scheduled surgery the hole had spontaneously closed (Figure 1B).
Looking beyond retinopathy of prematurity
Authors:   Department of Paedatrics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India., Jain Suksham
Published: October 2024

A 2050 gm, 34 weeks gestational age term female with a family history of Osteogenesis Imperfect (OI) was referred for ROP Screening. She was on oxygen support for respiratory distress. On examination, both eye sclera showed blue-grey discoloration (Figure 1).
A case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis (S braziliensis)
Authors:   Mater Dei Hospital Malta, Malta., Grimaud Lisa Micallef
Published: October 2024

We report the case of a 59-year-old Brazilian woman who sustained an injury to her right index finger when the cat she was caring for scratched her. She developed a tender, ulcerating, scaly lesion with a pustular component and surrounding erythema at the site of trauma.
Melanosis of hand and foot caused by ibrutinib: A case report
Authors:   Hospitalist, Department of Internal Medicine, Mercy St Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA., Dogra Ratika
Published: October 2024

Ibrutinib is a potent covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK), a downstream kinase of B cell receptor vital for B cell survival and proliferation. Ibrutininb is indicated to treat many types of B- lymphoproliferative disorders, including Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL).
An Analysis of the Legal Dimensions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Legal Effects of Iran's Accession to the SCO from an International Law Perspective
Authors: Meysam Pirzadeh
Published: October 2024

The focus of this study is to analyze the legal aspects of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the implications of Iran joining the organization, with a specific focus on international law. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing various library resources to gather information.
The SCO places a high priority on regional security, with all members committed to implementing the SCO treaty's provisions on countering terrorism, separatism, and extremism. Unlike other organizations such as NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the SCO values equal cooperation among its members and does not impose the ideologies of major powers on smaller countries. The organization promotes pluralism in participation and encourages bilateral and multilateral cooperation in areas such as commerce and economics. The Shanghai Declaration emphasizes the need to utilize the extensive potential and opportunities in these fields, with talks on trade and investment facilitation taking place within the SCO framework.
Efforts to create regional security through peaceful resolution of all disputes in accordance with UN resolutions, concerns about the situation in Afghanistan as a serious threat to regional and global peace and stability, and opening political dialogue to promote mutual trust and greater multilateral cooperation are among the principles of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
Sociophonetic Study of Dysfluent Behaviour in Native English Speakers
Authors: Longauerova Renata
Published: October 2024

The present project focuses on the study of the influence of two social factors, age and gender, on the frequency and variation of seven different types of dysfluencies (filled pauses, silent pauses, repairs, repetitions, false starts, vowel and consonant lengthening) in the spontaneous speech of native English speakers from England. The first part of the present article provides a general characterization of the relevant types of dysfluencies, together with the main issues concerning the production of speech dysfluencies. The empirical part presents the analyses of the recordings of 32 native English speakers from England. The overall results considering general influence of age and gender show that the only significant difference is between age groups, with older speakers producing more dysfluencies than younger speakers. Gender, on the other hand, does not make the difference significant, except for vowel lengthenings, that were produced significantly more by female speakers than male speakers, and repetitions, which is the only type of dysfluency where the difference is significant and influenced by both age and gender, with older male speakers producing significantly more dysfluencies than any other group.
The Effect of Using Error Analysis as a Remedial Teaching Strategy on English Major Students’ Productive Skills
Authors: Bataineh Ahmed Mousa Ali
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of employing Error Analysis as a remedial teaching method on the productive skills of English Major Students. The study included thirty-six students enrolled in the Department of English Language and Literature at Al-Isra University during the first semester of the academic year 2022/2023. The study participants were initially divided into two sections: section A, comprising thirty students who registered for the Syntax Course, which was assigned as the experimental group. The material was taught using Error Analysis as a remedial teaching method. Section B comprised sixteen students who enrolled in the Applied Linguistics Course. The control group was chosen and instructed using conventional teaching methods. A pre/post-test was administered to evaluate the impact of utilizing error analysis as a remedial teaching method on enhancing the productive skills of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Both groups of students took a pre-test to determine their equivalence prior to commencing the experiment. Following a duration of eight weeks, the identical test was administered to both groups as a post-test in order to evaluate their progress in the Productive skills. The statistical analysis employed included measures, standard deviation, T-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe. The study's findings demonstrated that implementing Error Analysis as a method of Remedial Teaching had a notable impact on enhancing students' Productive skills. The findings also demonstrated a clear advantage for the experimental group. This could be attributed to the impact of employing Error Analysis as a method of Remedial Teaching. Consequently, a set of recommendations was given at the conclusion of the study to promote the use of Error Analysis as a strategy for Remedial Teaching in order to enhance the development of productive skills in English Major students.
Notes on Norwegian marine Amphipoda. 10. Scavengers and fish associates
Authors: Vader Wim , Romppainen Kirsi
Published: October 2024

The dominant group of carrion-eating amphipods in Norway are the Lysianassoidea; they play an important role as scavengers in Norwegian and arctic waters. A number of genera damage fish caught in nets and on long-lines; in Norway the most serious damage is done by Anonyx and Tmetonyx species. Tmetonyx cicada and the isopod Cirolana borealis have also regularly been found in Cod roe. Symbionts of living fish belong to the genera Lafystius, Normanion, Opisa and Trischizostoma. Lafystius and Normanion have low host specificity, Opisa eschrichtii is found on gadids and Halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus and Trischizostoma raschi on the small shark Etmopterus spinax. Little is known on the biology of these species.
Age determination and growth in the Tench Tinca tinca (L.) in Lake Jorkjenn, southern Norway
Authors: L'Abee-Lund Jan Henning
Published: October 2024

The age and growth of tench Tinca tinca (L.) collected from Lake Jorkjenn, southern Norway was investigated. Otoliths and opercular bones were found more suitable for age determination than scales. The maximum age was 18 years, higher than previously reported. This difference is explained by the use of different ageing techniques, and fishing pressure. Most important for the year-to-year variation in growth was found to be the mean air temperature in September since this may lead to an extension of the growth season.
Ecology of the regulated river Storelva in western Norway 50 years after regulation
Authors: Lillehammer Albert
Published: October 2024

The river Storelva, situated in Sauda, Rogaland in western Norway has been regulated for hydroelectric power since 1914 and about 80% of the water-flow is transferred through tunnels to the various power stations and then to the fjord. The river held a uniform benthic invertebrate fauna which was dominated numerically by chironomids and a few other groups, viz. the trichopteran Polycentropus flavomaculatus and the stoneflies Amphinemura sulcicollis and Leuctra fusca. The feeding groups collectors, both filterers and gatherers, and predators were strongly represented in this regulated river. The population of salmon was negligible and only low numbers of trout occurred. The young trout mainly fed on the chironomid larvae.
First record of gooseneck barnacles Conchoderma auritum on a minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Authors: Christensen Ivar
Published: October 2024

Clusters of a stalked barnacle, identified as Conchoderma auritum were found attached to both damaged and complete baleen plates of a male minke whale caught off the coast of East Greenland on 16 July 1984. No previous record is known of gooseneck barnacles on minke whales.
Changes in the diet of charr Salvelinus alpinus L. after introduction of Mysis relicta Loven in two subalpine reservoirs in Norway
Authors: Garnås Erik
Published: October 2024

The mysid crustacean Mysis relicta was introduced into two Central Norwegian subalpine reservoirs, Stugusjøen and Gjevilvatn in 1973. Maximum density of Mysis was reached 9 to 10 years after the transplanting; densities later diminished to a low level. The introduction of Mysis in Stugusjøen has resulted in a large decline in the Cladocera population. From 1978 to 1985, charr diet in the two lakes has usually comprised 20% to 60% Mysis during spring and autumn in the two lakes. The amphipod Pallasea quadrispinosa was an important part of charr diet in Stugusjøen during spring. There has been a decrease in catch per effort and in mean weight for charr in both lakes during the study period.
Menigratopsis svennilssoni (Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea) found in northern Norway
Authors: Vader Wim
Published: October 2024

*No Abstract*
Longitudinal zonation of the benthic invertebrate fauna in the river Glomma, Eastern Norway
Authors: Lillehammer Albert , Brittain John E.
Published: October 2024

Zonation studies of the benthic invertebrate fauna of stony substrates were made along a longitudinal gradient (600 km) in the Glomma river which drains 13% of Norway's land area (41767 km2). Wide differences in the faunal composition were found between the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river. Plecoptera were most abundant in the upper and Chironomidae and Trichoptera in the lower reaches. Ephemeroptera were abundant throughout the river. The faunal composition showed a dominance of shredders in the upper, grazers in the middle and collectors in the lower reaches. Some local effects of human influence were observed, but no general changes from the natural faunal composition and zonation seem to have taken place. The benthic data are in general agreement with the predictions of the River Continuum Concept (Vannote et al. 1980).
Effects of Carlin tagging on the mortality and growth of sea trout Salmo trutta L.
Authors: Berg Ole Kristian , Berg Magnus
Published: October 2024

In the Vardnes river in northern Norway 8375 brown trout Salmo trutta L. smolts and 4352 larger sea trout were captured and tagged when descending and 2248 were tagged when ascending. All migrating fish were tagged individually when they were caught in the traps for the first time. The tagging process reduced the survival rate of the smolts with 17%, while the tagging process had no measurable negative effect on the mortality of the larger-sized trout. Growth of untagged and tagged fish were similar and no effect of tagging on growth-rate was thus recorded.
Invertebrates of Norwegian caves I. Gastropoda, Oligochaeta, Araneae, Acari, Amphipoda, Collembola, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera
Authors: Østbye Eivind , Lauritzen Stein-Erik , Fjellberg Arne , Hauge Erling , Leinaas Hans Petter , Ottesen Preben , Solhøy Torstein
Published: October 2024

The invertebrate fauna of 14 Norwegian limestone caves, 6 in the southern and 8 in the northern part of the country, has been studied with regard to species composition and regional distribution. The species are discussed with respect to their ecological classification as type of cave dwellers, viz. trogloxenes, troglophiles and troglobites. The Norwegian limestone caves can roughly be divided into two main types of ecosystems: 1. Open systems, connected directly to the surface, with rivers or brooks entering through discrete openings. 2. Infiltration systems, which are fed by ground water or seepage water from overlying material. In this study little attention has been paid to the fauna of open system caves, as most of the animals found here are brought in with the running water. More attention has been paid to caves of the second category, infiltration systems, as they have more complex and stable ecosystems. A total of 70 species belonging to 9 orders has been recorded. Of these only 19 species are characterized as troglophiles, while all the other species must be regarded as trogloxenes, several of them habitual trogloxenes, but most of them accidental ones.
Rotifers from Bjørnøya (Svalbard), with the description of Cephalodella evabroedi n.sp. and Synchaeta lakowitziana arctica n. subsp.
Authors: De Smet Willem H.
Published: October 2024

Fifty rotifer taxa were collected in a series of plankton and periphyton samples from Bjørnøya. Forty-eight of them had not previously been mentioned from the island. Twelve of the species are published for the first time from Svalbard. A new species of Cephalodella and subspecies of Synchaeta are described.
Contribution to the Rotifers and aquatic Tardigrada of Edgeøya (Svalbard)
Authors: De Smet Willem H. , Van Rompu E.A. , Beyens L.
Published: October 2024

A preliminary account of the monogonont Rotifers and aquatic Tardigrada of Edgeøya is presented. Twenty-two taxa of Rotifera and nine taxa of Tardigrada are reported. All records are new for Edgeøya; six rotifer taxa and two tardigrada taxa are new for Svalbard.
Some aquatic Tardigrada from Bjørnøya (Svalbard)
Authors: Van Rompu E.A. , De Smet Willem H.
Published: October 2024

Samples collected from the littoral zone of some freshwater bodies near Norskehamna, showed 8 species of Tardigrades. Of these, 7 are new records for Bjørnøya and 2 are new for Svalbard.
Duration and reliability of placental scars in the Norwegian lemming Lemmus lemmus (L.)
Authors: Grimnes Anders , Semb-Johansson Arne
Published: October 2024

The development of placental scars and the correlation between the number of scars and the number of young born, was studied in Norwegian lemmings Lemmus lemmus (L.) from a laboratory colony. The 55 females used were separated into series where the number of young, the number of litters and the length of the post-natal period varied. Placental scars were visible for at least 190 days after the birth of a litter. There was considerable variation in the appearance of the most recent scars, and they could not be used for age determination or to separate different litters. In females with one, two or three litters, each scar showed 0.14, 0.25, and 0.06 too many young ones. A significant correlation between the number of scars and the number of young could only be shown in females with one litter. When the number of scars was below 15, the correlation was significant, irrespective of the number of litters. The correlation decreased with increasing number of scars. Possible explanations could be total or partial abortions, common placentas or fusion of scars.
Prevalence and Determinants of Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Data From the 2015 Kenya STEPwise Survey
Authors: Oguta James Odhiambo , Breeze Penny , Wambiya Elvis , Akoth Catherine , Mbuthia Grace , Otieno Peter , Ombiro Oren , Kisaka Yvette , Mbau Lilian , Onyango Elizabeth , Gathecha Gladwell , Dodd Pete R. J.
Published: October 2024

Background: Kenya is experiencing a rising burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) due to epidemiological and demographic shifts, along with increasing risk factors. Ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH), defined by the American Heart Association (AHA), encompasses eight metrics to evaluate cardiovascular well-being. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of iCVH in Kenya.
Methods: Data from the 2015 Kenya STEPwise survey on non-communicable disease risk factors, including 4,500 adults aged 18–69, were analysed. iCVH was assessed using 2022 AHA criteria based on seven factors: nicotine exposure, physical activity, diet, BMI, blood pressure, glucose, and lipid levels. A cardiovascular health (CVH) CVH score of ≥80% classified individuals as having iCVH. Multivariable binary and ordinal logistic regression identified factors associated with iCVH.
Results: The mean CVH score in Kenya was 78.6% (95% CI: 77.9,79.2%), higher in females (79.3%), rural areas (79.5%), and non-drinkers (79.6%) than in males (77.9%), urban residents (77.0%), and alcohol drinkers (75.4%), respectively. The prevalence of iCVH (CVH score ≥80%) was 45.6%, while 6.4% had poor CVH (CVH score <50%). Only 1.2% achieved the maximum CVH score. iCVH prevalence declined with age and was lower among married individuals (43.7%), alcohol drinkers (32.3%), and urban residents (39.7%). Older adults had 50–80% lower odds of iCVH compared to those under 30 years. Alcohol users (AOR 0.5; p < 0.001) and urban residents (AOR 0.6; p < 0.001) were less likely to have iCVH. Residents of Nairobi and Central regions had 40–60% lower odds of iCVH compared to those in Rift Valley. The Kalenjin (AOR 0.5; p = 0.027) and Turkana (AOR 0.3; p = 0.002) ethnic groups had lower odds of iCVH compared to the Kisii.
Conclusion: Less than half of Kenyan adults have iCVH, with poorer CVH status among older adults, urban residents, and alcohol users. Targeted public health interventions could mitigate the CVD burden and enhance health outcomes in Kenya.
فاعلية التعلم المدمج عبر منصة البلاك بورد في تنمية التفكير الناقد والمهارات التقنية لدى طالبات كُلْيَة التربية بجامعة حائل
Authors: نصر رحاب شيماء
Published: October 2024

ملخص: هدف البحث تقصي فاعلية التعلم المدمج عبر منصة البلاك بورد في تنمية التفكير الناقد والمهارات التقنية لدى طالبات كُلْيَة التربية بجامعة حائل، واستُخدم التصميم شبه التجريبي لتحقيق ذلك الهدف، وعينة قوامها 60 طالبة، تم تقسيمهن إلى مجموعتين إحداهن تجريبية، وعددها 30 طالبة وتدرس باستخدام المعالجة التجريبية للبحث، والأُخرى ضابطة وعددها 30 طالبة وتدرس بالطريقة الاعتيادية. كما تم استخدام مقياس واطسون وجلاسر (Watson & Glass, 1982) المقنن على البيئة السعودية للتفكير الناقد، ومقياس المهارات التقنية من إعداد الباحثة. وأسفر البحث عن تفوق المجموعة التجريبية في كل من اختبار التفكير الناقد ككل وعلى مستوى مهاراته الفرعية، ومقياس المهارات التقنية ككل، وعلى مستوياته الفرعية على المجموعة الضابطة وبفارق دال إحصائيا مما يشير إلى فاعلية التعلم المدمج في تنمية التفكير الناقد والمهارات التقنية وبحجم تأثير كبير جداً. عدا مهارة استخدام مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي؛ حيث لم تظهر النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة. وقدم البحث عدداً من التوصيات؛ منها عقد دورات تدريبية وورش عمل لأعضاء هيئة التدريس للتعرف على نماذج التعلم المدمج وكيفية تطبيقها في عملية التدريس، وتنمية مخرجات التعلم المختلفة ولا سيما مهارات التفكير الناقد.
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHORYLATED GSTP1: INSIGHTS INTO ALTERED ACTIVITY UPON BINDING WITH GLUTATHIONE AND ETHACRYNIC ACID
Authors: Shahwar Durr-E- , Usama Usama , Khan Zahid , Ali Aktar , Imran Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is an essential detoxifying enzyme that plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Employing a molecular dynamics simulations approach, we delineate the specific phosphorylation sites on GSTP1 except the WT. Our study unveils critical residues and structural motifs susceptible to phosphorylation-induced destabilization, offering novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying GSTP1 function and potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in diseases associated with dysregulated GSTP1 activity.
The Performance of Employees of The Secretariat of The General and Public Relations Section In The Office of The Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) Gorontalo City
Authors: Badjeber Akhdan Ramadhan , Rachman Ellys , Katili Andi Yusuf
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the performance of employees of the secretariat of the general and public relations section at the Gorontalo City Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) office. This type of research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews with a number of informants, observation and documentation. The research focus consists of discipline, ability and work environment The results showed that: 1) Employee discipline in the general and public relations section is not optimal because there are still some employees who are not disciplined about working time. due to lack of awareness of the responsibilities given even though each employee is bound by a Work Agreement (PK) which requires employees to be orderly in carrying out their duties to prepare secretarial administration and sterilize meeting or session rooms.  2) The ability of employees in the general and public relations sections is in accordance with their respective duties and functions but has not been maximized when carrying it out. Because there are still some employees who do not understand the tasks distributed, one of which is secretarial administration. 3) The work environment in the general and public relations section is not conducive because there is noise during working hours in the form of booming voices and music everywhere, making work disturbed.
Social Aspects of the Demographic Situation in Uzbekistan
Authors: Kayumov Kaxramon
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the sociocultural dimensions of the demographic landscape in Uzbekistan, with a particular emphasis on population expansion, urbanization processes, and transformations in familial structures. The demographic populace of Uzbekistan has exhibited consistent growth, surpassing 36 million individuals in the year 2023, characterized by an annual increase rate of 1.5%. Current urbanization patterns indicate that half of the populace now inhabits urban locales, thereby engendering challenges in educational access, healthcare provision, and employment opportunities. The research employs data derived from national censuses alongside academic investigations to scrutinize these dynamics and offers policy recommendations aimed at alleviating their societal repercussions. Also, in this article, an attempt was made to predict the demograqfic state of birth, marriage, employment, urbanization and its prospective state in Uzbekistan.
Methodology for determining the hardness and depth of the hardened layer (in Kazakh language)
Authors:   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Myrzaliev D.S. , Seidullaeva O.B. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Abzalova D.A. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Kadyrbek N.K. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Published: October 2024

The article discusses methods for determining the hardness and depth of the hardened layer. Stiffness is defined as the ratio of the amount of load to the surface area, projection area, or print volume. The following types of surface, projection and volumetric stiffness are distinguished:surface hardness-the ratio of the load to the surface area of the print; projection stiffness-the ratio of the load to the area of the print projection; volumetric stiffness-the ratio of the load to the print volume. Hardness is measured in three ranges: macro, micro, nano. Hardness is the degree to which mineralogy often encounters this when scratching one mineral with another. In addition, the hardness of a mineral is also known as the degree of resistance to the influence of external mechanical force. But the external mechanical effect itself will be slightly different, depending on how strongly the mineral resists.The article conducted research with examples of several methods for determining the hardness of the layer.