bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neonatal sepsis: Risk factors, clinical and bacteriological profile, and antibiotic sensitivity
Authors: Sethi Anitha B , Srigade Vedavyasa , Dharmateja Guntur
Published: June 2020

Background: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a cause of very high morbidity and mortality. Reviews of bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility help to treat NS and to develop strategies to lower neonatal mortality. Objectives: The objectives were to study organisms causing NS, their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, predisposing factors of NS, and the presentations of NS. Methods: This prospective study was done for 1 year from August 2016 to July 2017 at a tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad with C-reactive protein (CRP), aerobic blood cultures, and sensitivities in 300 neonates with clinical sepsis. Risk factors for NS and clinical features were recorded. Significances for sex, gestational age, birth weight, and age of onset of sepsis differences were assessed. Results: Male to female ratio was 1.65:1, 39% were preterm, 40% were <2500 g in weight, and 54% had sepsis in <72 h (early onset sepsis - EOS) (p<0.05). Prolonged labor and rupture of membranes, maternal fever within 2 weeks, foul-smelling liquor, birth asphyxia, and iatrogenic factors were the risk factors in decreasing order of frequency. Refusal to feed was the most common presentation. CRP showed good sensitivity and negative predictive value while 117 (39%) cases were blood culture positive. Organisms in decreasing order of frequency were Klebsiella pneumoniae, coagulase-negative staphylococci, enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Escherichia coli, and Group-B streptococci. Gram-negative isolates (44%) were sensitive to meropenem, amikacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam while Gram-positive isolates (56%) were sensitive to vancomycin and netilmicin and both were least sensitive to cefotaxime and ampicillin. Conclusion: Obstetric and neonatal care practices around birth need to be reviewed as EOS proportion in India is very high. Most of the isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ampicillin, underscoring the need for the addition of penicillinase inhibitors. Timely review of antibiotics is necessary in view of widespread resistance. Focus on prevention of NS and the improvement of health systems to effectively manage it is very much needed in India.
Burden of late-preterm infant at a tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit - A prospective observational study
Authors: Deshabhotla Saikiran , Hussain Aafaque , Tandur Baswaraj
Published: June 2020

Background: Infants born at 340?7 through 366?7 weeks’ gestation are called as “late-preterm” infants. Even though physically resembling infants born at term gestation (370?7–416?7 weeks) they are developmentally immature and are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the etiology and burden of late-preterm infant (340/7–366/7 weeks) birth. Material and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 11 months in a tertiary care Level III neonatal intensive care unit in an urban city of India to elucidate the burden and etiology of late-preterm infant birth. Results: In our study, 17.5% (160, n=916) of total admissions were late-preterm infants. The most common underlying cause of late-preterm infant birth in this cohort was a previous lower segment caesarian section (LSCS) 27.5% (44, n=160) and pregnancy-induced hypertension 25% (40, n=160) followed by preterm labor 15.6% (25, n=160). Median gestation was 35 weeks with IQR (34–36 weeks). The median birth weight was 2100 grams with IQR (1900–2400 g). Conclusion: Late-preterm infants account for a significant proportion of preterm births and major burden on the neonatal intensive care workload. The most common reason of late-preterm births was an elective LSCS, done due to an earlier LSCS delivery.
Prevalence of Vitamin D3 deficiency among pediatric patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in remission - A cross-sectional observational study from Vadodara, Gujarat
Authors: Solanki Jayesh R , Sudhakaran Shruthy , Shringarpure Kalpita S
Published: June 2020

Background: Vitamin D deficiency occurs in nephrotic syndrome (NS) through various mechanisms, resulting in loss of both, Vitamin D binding protein and 25-(OH) D, in the urine leading to the risk of bone disorders. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to detect the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in children with idiopathic NS during remission. Methods: This study was conducted from April to November 2016 at the pediatric nephrology clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Vadodara. A total of 34 children were enrolled with idiopathic NS in remission, of which 14 had first attack of NS and ten of Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome (FRNS) and Infrequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome each. Vitamin D levels were measured using serum levels of 25-(OH) D by chemiluminescence method. Results: Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 28 of 34 (82%) children; of which, 16 (47%) had severe deficiency and 12 (35.2%) had mild to moderate deficiency. Children with the first attack of NS had a median Vitamin D level of 8.17 ng/ml (interquartile range [IQR] 2.9–28), IFRNS had a median of 6.8 ng/ml (IQR 2.9–33), and FRNS had the lowest median of 5.3 ng/ml (IQR 2.9–16). Although there were differences among all the 3 groups, differences were not statistically significant (Kruskal–Wallis 4.89, p=0.08) which showed decreased levels of Vitamin D. Conclusion: High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was observed in all 3 groups of idiopathic NS; the lowest being in FRNS. There was no significant association with lower levels of Vitamin D and relapses in NS. More research is needed to assess Vitamin D deficiency and to ensure the effect of Vitamin D supplementation for children with NS.
Psychological and behavioral assessment in children with treated hypothyroidism using developmental psychopathology checklist scale
Authors: Singh Poonam , Chaudhari Falguni , Deshpande Ujjwala , Saliya Maulik
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess psychological and behavioral problems in treated hypothyroid children with euthyroid status, with the help of developmental psychopathology checklist (DPCL). Materials and Methods: This was an observational comparative study done in pediatric endocrinology clinic in a medical college over 6 months. 20 consecutive hypothyroid patients between 5 and 15 years with euthyroid status were compared to 20 controls for psychosocial problems using DPCL scale. The DPCL scale identifies the following clusters of abnormal developmental history, developmental problems/disorders, emotional disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity, childhood psychosis, learning disorder, somatic problems, conduct disorder, autism, and obsessive-compulsive neurosis. Results: All cases had at least 1 cluster affected. The most common clusters affected were emotional disorders in 85% cases, abnormal developmental history in 80%, developmental problems in 75%, attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) in 70% cases, and learning disorders in 70% cases. Among males, the common problems were abnormal developmental history (86%), developmental problems (86%), ADHD (86%), emotional disorder (86%), and learning disorder (71.43%). In females, problems noted were an emotional disorder (84%), abnormal developmental history (86%), developmental problems (69%), learning disorder (69%), and ADHD (61%). This difference in cluster affection in males and females was not statistically significant. Single domain affection was found in 10% of patients, but more than 5 domain affections were seen in 60% of patients, and this was highly significant. Conclusion: Even with the euthyroid state in hypothyroidism, psycho-behavioral problems are common in children.
Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis presenting as congestive cardiac failure - A case report
Authors: Dhingra Arti , Goel Anil K , Shah Seema
Published: June 2020

Infantile hepatic hemangioma has substantial arteriovenous shunting which may lead to cardiovascular compromise and hydrops fetalis. It may present as hepatomegaly since the entire liver is involved in most cases. As mortality is very high, a high index of suspicion is required to make a diagnosis and common complications arising out it, especially in the presence of cutaneous hemangioma. We present a 2-month-old baby born at term presented with features suggestive of sepsis with multiple cutaneous hemangiomas, and on evaluation, there was congestive cardiac failure, which was initially thought of cardiac origin but subsequently came out to be arteriovenous shunting of blood in liver.
Effect of routine lactation consultant support to mothers on breastfeeding efficacy
Authors: Gogi Vinay Kumar , Shekharappa Chandrakala Bada , Selvam Sumithra
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Studies have concluded that lactation consultant’s visit provides more face-to-face time and education than physician support alone in improving the breastfeeding efficacy and rates. Objectives: The objective is to study the effect of incorporating routine lactation consultant to daily postnatal rounds with the resident on (a) cumulative weight loss of postnatal neonates and (b) jaundice requiring phototherapy, number of breastfeedings per day, duration of hospital stay and NICU admission. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among all stable neonates admitted in postnatal wards weighing >2 kg and gestation >35 weeks. The babies whose mothers were trained on breastfeeding by the pediatric resident doctor, in the routine postnatal rounds, were considered as Group 1. Infants whose mothers were counseled by the lactation consultant and the resident doctor on the breastfeeding were considered as Group 2. The baseline characteristics of mother and the neonates were recorded by a structured proforma. Results: Of 158 eligible babies, during the study period, 84 babies were enrolled for the study. The mean gestation of the babies in Groups 1 and 2 was 38.1±1.9 and 38.2±1.8 weeks, and the mean weight was 2.95±0.42 and 2.87±0.04 kg, respectively. The cumulative weight loss was 5.43±2.53% and 5.59±2.35 % (p=0.75) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The duration of hospital stay was 5.6±1.98 and 5.1±0.81 days (p=0.09), jaundice requiring phototherapy 22 (47%) and 15 (37%) with p=0.56 and the number of breastfeedings per day was 10.2±2.98 and 10.5±1.2 times with p=0.60 between the Groups 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusion: Even though there was no difference in either the primary or secondary objective between the groups, postnatal lactation counseling is very essential for improving the breastfeeding efficacy with the support of either doctor or the lactation consultant. There was acceptable cumulative weight loss, urine output, number of breastfeedings per day, and NICU admissions.
Brittle bone disease - A rare genetic disorder: A case report
Authors: Goyal Suresh , Meena Pradeep , Mehrotra Juhi , Malvia Sunny , Rawat Ravi , Meena Mahendra , Dodiyar Roshani
Published: June 2020

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of rare inherited disorders of connective tissue with the hallmark of excessive fragility of bones caused by mutations in collagen characterized by remarkable soft and large cranium and short-curved limbs. Radiological findings, such as, under mineralization of skull, platyspondyly, severely short and deformed long bones, and small continuously beaded ribs, pathognomonic for OI, were observed. Considering the clinical/radiological manifestations, a diagnosis of OI was made.
Educação e meio ambiente: Revisão da literatura
Authors: Sá Gilmara Benicio de , Silva Rondinelli de Carvalho , Danowski Huber Danúbio Correia , Beuttenmüller Zailton Frederico , Alves José Jakson Amancio
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo analisa, mediante uma revisão da literatura, a construção de processos identitários no âmbito escolar e permite a contextualização socioambiental de crianças e jovens egressos na educação básica e a sua inserção nas suas dimensões históricas, biológicas, sociais e subjetivas ao articular conceitos e pressupostos que tragam à tona noções de preservação/conservação do meio ambiente a partir do estabelecimento de relações entre o mundo sociocultural e natural de crianças em idade escolar articulados na propositura de estratégias didático-pedagógicas que venham a compreender definições de meio ambiente, os seus componentes biológicos, geográficos, sociais, subjetivos e históricos com o intuito de aplicar tais fundamentos e práticas no contexto das instituições públicas e privadas de ensino e objetivando fornecer material de pesquisa para teóricos e estudiosos da matéria. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa valeu-se de leituras de livros, revistas, artigos científicos, jornais científicos, além de buscar suporte em fontes eletrônicas (internet) para conferir embasamento à análise ora proposta. Como resultado desta revisão literária, espera-se conferir suporte para pesquisadores das temáticas das ciências humanas e do meio ambiente em relação à necessidade de preservação do meio ambiente como forma de oportunizar a reflexão no sentido de fomentar o debate acerca das formas de disseminação de novas condutas educativas em relação aos biomas por parte dos sujeitos componentes da sociedade e da escola.
A importância do ensino, pesquisa e extensão na formação do aluno do Ensino Superior
Authors: Silva Miriam Ferreira da , Mendoza Cynthia Carolina González
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo é uma abordagem sobre importância do ensino, pesquisa e extensão na formação do aluno do ensino superior, onde objetiva analisar cada item do tripé, ramificando os objetivos específicos em 2 aspectos: 1- Esclarecer o que é ensino, pesquisa e extensão, para maior entendimento dos termos; 2 Investigar como o ensino, pesquisa e extensão pode ser abordado de modo a contribuir para a inclusão do aluno em seu ensino/aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada é de abordagem qualitativa, quanto ao objetivo realizou pesquisa exploratória com levantamento bibliográfico baseado em autores conhecidos através da experiência acadêmica do curso de mestrado em Ciências da Educação, no qual a conclusão ocorre através da interpretação de livros e artigos dos mesmos.
Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Perawat Berhubungan Dengan Pelaksanaan Patient Safety
Authors: Fitri Elisa Sulistia , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Maryanti Herdina
Published: June 2020

Patient safety merupakan suatu variabel untuk mengukur dan mengevaluasi kualitas pelayanan keperawatan yang berdampak terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Program patient safety adalah usaha untuk menurunkan angka kejadian tidak diharapkan (KTD) pada pasien selama dalam perawatan. Pelaksanaan patient safety di Puskesmas Bayan belum optimal dan pendokumentasian patient safety hanya sebatas pada pencatatan jumlah pasien yang mengalami flebitis saja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap perawat dengan pelaksanaan patient safety. Metode: Penelititan ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perawat rawat inap di Puskesmas Bayan dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling dan didapatkan responden sebanyak 20 orang. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah Pengetahuan dan sikap perawat, sedangkan variabel independennya adalah pelaksanaan patient safety. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner untuk variabel independen dan lembar observasi untuk variabel dependen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik Spearmen Rho dengan nilai signifikan α<0,05. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan perawat dengan pelaksanaan patient safety dengan nilai p = 0,000. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan ada hubungan sikap perawat dengan pelaksanaan patient safety dengan nilai p = 0,007. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahawa semakin baik pengetahuan dan sikap perawat dapat berdampak baik pada pelaksanaan patient safety. Diskusi: Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari hasil penelitan di atas yakni, ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap perawat dengan pelaksanaan patient safety. Upaya puskesmas untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan patient safety dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara, baik itu berupa pelatihan, seminar, dan lokakarya tentang patient safety guna memfasilitasi transfer pengetahuan perawat sehingga dapat memberikan asuhan keperawatan yang aman
APPLICATION OF THE THERMOELECTRIC HEAT PUMPS FOR THE DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS
Authors: Lobunets Yu.M.
Published: June 2020

The article presents a preliminary analysis of the possibility of applying thermoelectric heat pumps (THP) in low-temperature district heating systems (in the 4–5 generation DH systems). The advantages of THP are the high reliability, the lack of moving parts and freons in their composition, the compactness, the independence of the scale factor. Unlike the compression heat pump, THP provides effective circuit solutions, giving them additional tangible benefits. These features make it possible to reproduce the ideal Lorentz cycle, which can be realized with series-connected thermoelectric modules. The total operating temperature difference is divided into a large number of small intervals, which ensures the high efficiency of each module, and the required temperature difference and performance are achieved by the set of a corresponding number of series-connected micro-THP. It is clear that such a scheme cannot be implemented using compression heat pumps because of a number of technical and economic constraints. There are no such restrictions for thermoelectric heat pumps since each thermoelement is a micro-HPs that can act as a separate THPs. On the example of THP with a rated power of 1kW, the characteristics of the proposed scheme were analyzed. Unlike the classic HP, it has great flexibility. Under given temperature conditions, the power of the considered THP can vary in the range from 0.5 kW to 5 kW only due to a change in the supply current. At the same time, its effectiveness varies in the range from COP = 14 to COP = 2. This opens up new opportunities for the creation of «smart» heating systems that allow optimization of heat consumption modes, adapting them to current needs by purely programmatic methods. The estimated capital cost of THP G » 300 EUR/kW is based on actual data on the current level of component cost. Ref. 6, Fig. 5, Tab. 1.
Sistem Informasi Pada Sman 1 Kahayan Hilir Pulang Pisau Menggunakan Framework Codeigniter
Authors: Rosmiati Rosmiati , Qamaruzzaman M. Haris
Published: June 2020

Sekolah adalah tempat pendidikan dimana siswa dan guru melakukan kegiatan belajar mengajar. SMAN 1 Kahayan Hilir Pulang Pisau dapat memberikan informasi sekolahnya kepada orang yang membutuhkan informasi khususnya orang tua siswa. Informasi sekolah yang diperoleh orang tua siswa dan masyarakat umum dengan mendatangi secara langsung ke sekolah atau orang tua siswa menanyakan informasi kepada siswa yang bersekolah pada sekolah yang dimaksud. Sehingga terbatasnya informasi dan komunikasi, khususnya antara sekolah dan orang tua siswa. Untuk membantu memudahkan siswa, orang tua dan masyarakat umum dalam kebutuhan informasi, misalnya berita terbaru yang dikeluarkan oleh pihak sekolah dan pendaftaran online. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development dan metode pengumpulan data (observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan studi pustaka), menerapkan metode Agile Software Development dengan menggunakan pendekatan pengembangan perangkat lunak Extreme Programming (XP) dan metode pengujian perangkat lunak menggunakan black box testing. Framework codeigniter mempercepat proses pembuatan website SMAN 1 Kahayan Hilir Pulang Pisau, karena semua class dan modul yang dibutuhkan sudah ada di dalam framework codeigniter. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi website secara online yang mempermudah pihak sekolah dalam memberikan informasi kepada pengguna (siswa, orang tua siswa serta masyarakat umum), karena dapat diakses dimana dan kapan saja oleh pengguna dengan menggunakan media komputer, laptop atau smartphone yang tentunya harus selalu terkoneksi dengan jaringan internet. Sehingga pengguna dapat dengan mudah mengetahui infomasi-informasi yang kurang jelas.
“The Truth Will Out”: Blushing, Involuntary Confession and Self-knowledge in the Heptaméron
Authors: Peterson Nora M.
Published: June 2020

Dans un texte envahi par les allusions aux confessions et aux désirs charnels, est-il possible de réconcilier le corps pris en flagrant délit de sensualité avec le désir de contrôle et de spiritualité? Cet article explore la signification du rougissement en tant que confession involontiare de la chair dans corps l’Heptaméron (1559) de Marguerite de Navarre. On explore d’une part l’idée du corps commettant un lapsus à l’aide des écrits augustiniens impliquant les tensions entre le spirituel et le charnel. On utilise d’autre part, en tant qu’outil herméneutique, les lectures de Foucault sur la confession. À travers un processus de confession en trois étapes — sacramentelles et involontaires — on met en lumière et analyse att entivement la problématique des différentes conséquences du rougissement dans cette œuvre; certaines conduisant à une meilleure connaissance de soi-même, et d’autres conduisant à la catastrophe.
“remembrest right”: Remembering the Dead in John Donne’s Songs and Sonets
Authors: Steen Abram
Published: June 2020

Cet article examine l’intense préoccupation pour la mort et la nécessité de se souvenir des morts dans les Songs and Sonets de John Donne. L’auteur étudie ce phénomène en rapport avec l’interdiction protestante des rituels d’intercession. L’auteur montre que ces poèmes contenus dans des manuscrits privés contestent l’imposition par la doctrine de la séparation des vivants et des morts et expriment un désir déplacé pour une communion avec les morts qui a été détruit par les réformes religieuses. Stephen Greenblatt et d’autres chercheurs ont écrit au sujet de l’élimination du purgatoire et l’anxiété culturelle que cela a entraînée et qui se manifeste dans Hamlet et d’autres textes littéraires. Toutefois, la poésie de Donne approfondit ces analyses en raison de son engagement plus direct avec les débats protestants contemporains au sujet du statut des morts, et de sa volonté de renouveler d’anciennes formes de relation avec les morts. Les amoureux obsédés par la mort dans les Songs and Sonets négligent souvent les enseignements protestants au sujet de la mort, et empruntent au pouvoir des saints, des reliques, des inscriptions d’intercession, et aux pratiques traditionnelles d’inhumation, dans le but de réduire cette séparation.
L’Hystoire romaine de la belle Cleriende de Macé de Villebresme, à la croisée de l’épître et de l’élégie
Authors: Marois Laurence
Published: June 2020

In 1529, and again in 1533, Lyon printer Claude Nourry published the epistle Lepistre de la belle Cleriende. Here we can trace—in this epistle by Macé de Villebresme—the influence of Ovid’s Heroides, translated into French around 1492 by Octovien de St Gelais. Using the definitions of the epistolary and elegiac genres established by the different poetic arts of the time, this article aims to present Lepistre de la belle Cleriende in the context of these literary genres and their development. Specifically, a comparison between the works of Ovid and Macé de Villebresme will allow a better understanding of the influence that the translation into French of the Heroides has had on the versified epistolary genre during the first half of the sixteenth century in France.
Seventeenth-Century Funeral Sermons and Exemplary Female Devotion: Gendered Spaces and Histories
Authors: Molekamp Femke
Published: June 2020

Les sermons de funérailles du XVIIe siècle, qui contiennent des eulogies pour des femmes décédées, peuvent être riches en détails et en constructions conceptuelles éclairant la vie dévotionnelle des femmes des débuts de la modernité. Cet article explore dans une sélection de ces eulogies les différentes représentations de l’espace spécifiquement féminin de la lecture, de la méditation et de la prière. On y examine également l’utilisation, dans ces sermons, de récits de lutte sur leur lit de mort contre Satan, afin de décrire une version féminine des dernières heures de la vie et de la lutte pour vaincre les tentations diaboliques. On y démontre que l’espace intime et le lit de mort féminins sont construits dans ces textes de telle sorte qu’ils y apparaissent comme des espace fonctionnant comme des frontières entre les espaces public et privé et entre la chasteté et la sexualité. Cet article souligne également la tension présente dans ces eulogies entre l’expression du pouvoir féminin d’action sur le plan religieux, et l’établissement de limites et de principes exemplaires de spiritualité féminine.
The Unfulfilled Form of The Faerie Queene: Spenser’s Frustrated Fore-Conceit
Authors: Vitkus Daniel
Published: June 2020

Cet article propose une reconstruction des intentions autoriales d’Edmund Spenser, au moment où il compose un poème épique en douze livres. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, l’auteur y réexamine le processus compositionnel qui a donné lieu à la forme « inachevée » de l’oeuvre. Elle fait valoir que la structure en six parties de l’édition de 1596 a vu le jour à travers la révision et l’adaptation par Spenser de son plan architectonique, développé au début de son travail d’écriture. L’article montre que la conception préliminaire qu’avait Spenser du contenu et du propos du poème reposait sur la prévision d’un mariage royal entre Elizabeth Tudor et un courtisan protestant militant, le candidat le plus probable étant Robert Dudley, comte de Leicester. Suivant ce plan, le poème aurait pris fin avec un épithalame royal pour le mariage d’Arthur-Magnificence et Gloriana-Gloire, une union qui aurait également représenté un triomphe millénaire pour la réforme protestante, dirigé par l’église anglaise militante. L’article montre également comment, étant donné que la prévision ne s’est pas réalisée et que l’histoire n’a pas répondu à l’intention de Spenser, le poète a changé et adapté le texte, afin que, dans l’édition de 1596, le poème exprime la déception et la désillusion qui a résulté du refus de la reine de se marier et, de façon générale, du « compromis élisabéthain » qui a maintenu le contrôle sur la faction militante de la cour.
Radical Menace, Reforming Hope: Scotland and English Religious Politics, 1586-1596
Authors: McGinnis Paul , Williamson Arthur
Published: June 2020

Durant la fin des années 1580 et au début des années 1590, Jacques VI d’Écosse a adhéré sans équivoque à la Réforme. En se pénétrant de l’eschatologie protestante, en formant une alliance avec les presbytériens écossais, et en promouvant la réforme à la fois dans son royaume et à l’étranger, le roi fit de l’Écosse un phare de la Réforme. Simultanément, Jacques et ses nouveaux alliés — notamment Andrew Melville — ont vigoureusement favorisé une vision apocalyptique d’une Bretagne protestante unie. En conséquence, l’Écosse surgit comme jamais auparavant dans la politique religieuse tendue de l’Angleterre. Le débat sur la continuation de la Réforme s’est donc transformé en un débat au sujet de l’Écosse et de l’avenir post-élisabéthain anglais. Les conservateurs religieux anglais, tels que John Whitgift et Richard Bancroft, sérieusement alarmés, a lancé une campagne pour bloquer la succession Stuart ou au moins l’éventualité d’une union de la Bretagne. Cette campagne s’est manifestée dans les sermons et les traités de théologie et jusque dans la nouvelle littérature populaire de masse. Ce faisant, les conservateurs anglais ont créé des caricatures des écossais (en lien avec les caricatures des puritains, des ramistes et des juifs) qui ont par la suite déterminé et troublé les relations anglo-écossaise loin dans le dix-septième siècle et bien après.
Landscapes and Mindscapes: Mapping Selfhood in a Chanson spirituelle of Marguerite de Navarre
Authors: Kendrick Jeff
Published: June 2020

Les Chansons spirituelles de Marguerite de Navarre (1547) regorgent d’exemples de la façon dont la poétesse construit un soi varié et à plusieurs facettes à travers la confession, qui est à la fois une expérience sociale et intime. La découverte de soi de la poétesse se développe à partir de l’incapacité qu’ont les mots à exprimer ses expériences. Toutefois, la reine suggère qu’il est possible de s’approprier la parole universelle de Dieu pour son usage personnel. À travers cette appropriation, les chansons posent un défi aux notions d’individualité de la Renaissance, qu’elles soient prises d’un point de vue social ou individuel. En particulier, on montre comment les procédés rhétoriques préfigurent ce que plus tard les écrivains désigneront par « le moi fragmenté ». Les paysages ou leur absence sont un moyen d’articuler les aspects intérieurs et extérieurs de sa conception de l’individualité, puisque c’est à travers la représentation de paysages que Marguerite exprime clairement l’expérience de son monde intérieur et son monde extérieur. À travers l’observation des personnages de ses poèmes déambulant dans différentes géographies, se dégage un sentiment d’intériorité exprimé à travers l’espace physique et extérieur. De plus, la poétesse hésite visiblement à établir des limites claires entre son soi intérieur et le monde extérieur de l’expérience. Ces deux aspects entretiennent plutôt un dialogue constant. En personnalisant les paysages de sa poésie, Marguerite induit dans ses chansons un questionnement à propos de la relation entre le sujet littéraire et le soi. Finalement, elle se retrouve piégée entre la position humaniste de l’épanouissement et le devoir évangélique d’abnégation.
La poésie en question dans la première et la cinquième élégie de George Buchanan
Authors: Ferradou Carine
Published: June 2020

From the first verse of the first Elegy (entitled “Quam misera sit conditio docentium literas humaniores Lutetiae...”) written by Buchanan while he was a young teacher in Paris, the Scottish scholar depicts himself as an unlucky lover of poetry whose passion is impeded by his educational job. Through his fifth Elegy, “Ad Franciscum Oliuarius, Franciae Cancellarium, nomine Scholae Burdigalensis”, the Scottish scholar, then teaching Latin in Bordeaux, becomes the advocate of the Muses in order to obtain from the French Chancellor François Olivier the financial and moral help that classical studies need at the moment. In the first Elegy which testifies a personal experience as well as in the second one which is an “event poem” written for the defense of the Collège de Guyenne, Buchanan adopts the position of the poet complaining that too many difficulties prevent him from living completely and with dignity from his art whereas he embodies a sophisticated way of life, civilization in short. In both elegies, the status of the poet is seen as problematical: George Buchanan uses the topoi of the poet’s representation and of the current situation that is sometimes personal, sometimes shared by his fellow teachers in Bordeaux. Such a situation casts doubt on the poetical vocation of the “Prince of Poets of his time”, so called a little later by the French publisher Robert Estienne.
Pragmatizm ve Dil-Eylem Teorisi Kapsamında Ahmet Haşim’in “Bize Göre”Si Yahut Nesir Yazarı Ahmet Haşim’in Meslek Sırları
Authors: Duman Mehmet Akif
Published: June 2020

Peirce’e göre pragmatizm yirminci yüzyılın baskın felsefi fikridir. Pratik sonuçları ile muhtevası tetkike çalışılan pragmatik, dil-eylem teorisi kapsamında “perlokasyonel katman” ile bağlantılı olarak kullanılırsa edebî metin tetkikinde sayısız faydalar sağlayacaktır. Nesir edebiyatımızın en mühim isimlerinden olan Ahmet Haşim’in “Bize Göre”si (ki tahlili derinleştirmek için kapsamı bu fıkralar ile sınırlı tuttuk) üstünde yapılacak böylesi tatbikat ile Haşim’in üslubunun inceliklerini tespite çalışacağız. Şairin lisanını musiki ile söz arasında, sözden ziyade musikiye yakın, mutavassıt bir lisan olarak tarif eden şair Haşim ile nasir Haşim arasında fark vardır. Nasir Haşim pragmatik manada “sözden ziyade dil-eyleme yakın, muttasıl bir lisan” kurmak ister gibi durmaktadır. Edebî metnin okur üstündeki tesiri ancak tepkiler vasıtası ile ölçülür; metnin edebî bakımdan taşıdığı değer ile savunulan fikrin kıymeti (yahut kıymetsizliği) örtüşmese de okurda “zihnî bir hareket” meydana getirdiği için pragmatik olarak tesirlidir. Haşim’in teşbihleri ne kadar “mücerret” olsa da tesirleri “müşahhas”tır. Yani pragmatiğin gerçekleri zihinsel gerçekler olsa da algı süreci (doğru ve yanlış olarak değerlendirilebilecek kadar) hakikattir. Haşim bilhassa eşyanın doğası ile oynayarak müşebbeh ve müşebbehün bih arasında orijinal vech-i şebehler kurmak ile perlokasyonel katmanda pragmatik bir çerçeve çizmeye muvaffak olur. Mehmet Kaplan’a göre Türkçede Hâşim’in bu fıkraları kadar “dolgun” yazı yazılmamıştır. Oysa semiyotiğin (işaret teorisi) bize verdiği imkânlarla dolgunluk olarak nitelenen şeyin aslında “pragmatik bir hile” olduğunu görmüş olacağız.
Türk Dışişleri Bakanlığının Raporuna Göre, Hatay Meselesi Bağlamında 1938 Türkiye-Fransa Müşterek Beyannamesinin Suriye, Bulgar ve Yunan Basınına Yansıması
Authors: Erdal İbrahim
Published: June 2020

Misak-ı Milli sınırları dâhilinde olan İskenderun Sancağı 20 Ekim 1921'de TBMM Hükümetinin Fransa ile yaptığı Ankara Antlaşması'na göre özel yönetimli bir statüye kavuşturulmuştur. Ortadoğu’daki manda idarelerinin bölge yönetimlerine bırakılmaya başlamasıyla Fransa da Suriye mandasını kaldırma kararı almış, Sancak'ın yönetimini Suriye hükümetine devretmiştir. Türkiye bu gelişme karşısında özel yönetim statüsünde bulunan İskenderun Sancağı'na da bağımsızlık verilmesi amacıyla diplomatik yollara başvurmuştur. Milletler Cemiyetindeki görüşmeler sonucunda Hatay; 29 Mayıs 1937'de iç işlerinde serbest dış işlerinde Suriye'ye bağlı ve ayrı bir anayasaya sahip idare statüsü kazanmıştır. Fransa, Hatay meselesi konusunda süregelen, olumsuz tutumuna 4 Temmuz 1938'de Türkiye ile yaptığı “Müşterek Beyanname” ile son vermiştir. 1938 yılında Türkiye ile Fransa Müşterek Beyannamesini Türkiye adına Dışişleri Bakanı Tevfik Rüştü Aras Fransa adına da Ankara Büyükelçisi H. Ponsot beyan etmiştir. 1930 yılında iki ülke arasında yapılan anlaşma hükümlerine bağlı kalmayı taahhüt eden “Müşterek Beyanname”nin açıklanması sonrasında Yabancı basında beyanname üzerinden Hatay meselesine dair gazetelerde haberler ve başyazılar kaleme alınmıştır. Ayrıca Türk Dış İşleri Bakanlığı Suriye Fetel Arab, Bulgar Urta ve Yunan Proia basınında Hatay meselesi hakkında çıkan makaleler hakkında bir rapor hazırlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyet Arşivi vesikaları ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hariciye Vekâleti tarafından hazırlanan yabancı basına ait rapor değerlendirilmiş, Yabancı kamuoyunun bakış açısından Türkiye’nin Hatay politikası incelenmiştir.
Tefekkürden Tahkiyeye: Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu’nun Hikâyelerinde Aydın Yabancılaşması
Authors: Atay Dinçer
Published: June 2020

Bilgi, insanın varoluş boyutlarını şekillendiren önemli bir olgudur. İnsanın kendilik algısının ortaya çıkması da bilgi maharetiyle gerçekleşir. Böylece kendini tanıyan ve bilen insan, öteki karşısındaki konumlanışını da belirler. Türklük biliminde yetkin çalışmalar veren Prof. Dr. Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu, akademik çalışmalarının yanı sıra Türk aydınını ilgilendiren birçok konu üzerinde fikirlerini de ortaya koyar. O, dünya görüşünü görünür kılan fikir yazılarında insanın kendilik bilgisine sahip olmasına vurgu yapar. Hacıeminoğlu, akademik ve fikrî çalışmalarının yanı sıra hikâye metinleri de kaleme alır. Böylece tefekkürden tahkiyeye uzanan bir yola girer. Hacıeminoğlu, bütün hikâyelerini Yeni Bir Dünya başlıklı kitabında toplar. Bu hikâyelerdeki en belirgin tavır, Türk milliyetçiliği fikrinin savunusudur. Hikâyelerde karşımıza çıkan izlekler arasında aydın eleştirisi ve aydın yabancılaşması da önem arz eder. Aydın-millet ilişkisine önem veren Hacıeminoğlu, Yeni Bir Dünya ve Sefir Bey hikâyelerinde; Türk aydının kendi milletine yabancılaşma görünümlerini eleştirel bir bakışla işler. Ötekinin nezdinde Türk kimliğini yansıtması gereken diplomat, konosolos / elçi / sefir unvanlarına sahip kişilerin Türk kültürüne ve Türk milletinin yaşam biçimlerine hoş bakmamaları, kültürel kimlik odaklı yabancılaşmayı somut kılar. Bunlara mukabil ülküleştirilen aydın kimliğini de hikâyeler düzleminde var ederek, olması gerekeni de inşa eder. Bu çalışmada Türkolog Prof. Dr. Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu’nun Yeni Bir Dünya ve Sefir Bey adlı iki hikâyesinde karşımıza çıkan aydın yabancılaşması izleği, eser-şahsiyet bağlamlı bakış açışı ile ele alınacaktır.
The principles of organizing the material-technical support of the electric machine-building complex of the UKSSR in 1920-1925
Authors: Аннєнков І.О.
Published: June 2020

In this article re-create the historical picture of the process of forming the material and technical component of Ukrainian electric machine engineering during 1920-1925. Clarified that it took place in the context of policies of concentration of production in the public sector of the economy and centralization of the republican industry management at the Union level, and that fully corresponded to the concept of the USSR government regarding the conduct of electrification of the country. During the study period, the order of material and technical support of electric machine-building became the main and most effective way to achieve the objectives set by these policies in the Ukrainian segment of the Union industry. Electrification of production processes became one of the cornerstones of the Soviet government's industrialization of industry, the beginning of which he laid in the second half of the 1920s. This moment has determined the leading role of electrical engineering in the period of total transition to mechanization of production processes, as the development of this industry directly affected the composition of their characters and, accordingly, the consumption of electricity through the production of its conversion into mechanical and vice versa. Meanwhile, as early as the early 1920s, the domestic sphere of electric machine production was in a deep crisis, connected primarily with the consequences of the civil war (1918–1921). However, given the scale of the tasks set before it within the Soviet concept of electrification of the country in the middle of the same decade, its scientific and technological potential at this time was strong enough to at least achieve such tasks.However with it, the principles of filling the material-technical component of the scientific-technical potential of the electric machine-building complex, formed at that time, complicated this component future optimization, since they were based on the preventive increase in the absolute value of production capacities, without taking into account both the dynamics of the expansion of the range of electric machines and the development of means and technologies for their production.
Eру development of the technologies of national dwelling construction of peasants of Poltav’s governorship XIX - beginning XX, as a ponderable contribution in the material and architectural culture of the region
Authors: Галай К.Б.
Published: June 2020

The main point in studying history is the material culture. It brings in itself a multyfunctionality, it is a valuable source of studying of processes of the ethnogenesys. Dwelling can considered one of the main thing ethno cultural, economical everyday development of the population; it is an element of an identity of the rural population, the ethnical primary base. It can observe as one of the main components of the ethno-cultural processes, which study not only principle of the building of dwelling, using building materials which are immanent for concrete district planning, relation with other buildings, but as a big  heritage of spirituality. However for each person, house is a whole space where "life" traditions and spiritual values which are immanent for each family.

Reforming of rural construction in general depended from appearance and using of different building materials, skills, knowledge and practices of folk masters. There were theirs peculiarities in each regions. In construction of wells in a shape of roof and methods of its covering, in a shapes of beam brackets in design windows and doors, in artistic decoration. Poltav’s governorship featured by felled houses special quadrangular shape of the roof, by "konuks" at the ends of brackets , special shape of a door in some regions. In some regions of the Northern Poltava’s region to the rear façade of a house a long and narrow extension  was building out  ("prupysnutsia"): it used for placing cattle.

For Ukrainian people hut always was not only a shelter from weather. There was creating life in it, every day existence with their happiness, sadness and worries. It is a whole direction in studying of material culture which demands detailed investigation not only for historical memory, but fora spiritual outlook of the modern population.

The article open an important component of material culture - a development of the national construction of dwelling, which is reflects a concrete historical development of a certain part of the population, community, large spiritual and cultural element with an essential feature of identity.
THE REORGANIZATION OF THE FAMILY SYSTEM AT THE TIME OF COVID-19: EDUCATIONAL RESILIENCE AND ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Annarumma Maria , Vitale Luigi , Sessa Francesco , Tedesco Ines
Published: June 2020

In the life cycle of family systems, transition periods are important stages for the maturation of the individual and his family as it allows the reorganization of relational arrangements. The health emergency of recent months makes it necessary for us to reflect on resilience education, to cultivate more authentic educational relationships and to react to stressful and problematic situations with greater self-effectiveness. If rigid family systems risk of causing communicative and relational diseases, investing in emotional literacy and empathy means providing adults and children with the tools to deal with the painful situations, that are inevitably part of everyday life, to share negative experiences and bring out the inner resources. In this perspective, technologies play a significant role in the media, both because they are a bridge between the family context and the external social network, and because they potentially allow more inclusive and flexible learning-teaching processes. A meticulous analysis of assistive technologies is thus necessary in order to call for a reconfiguration of information flows, spatial-temporal arrangements, methodologies and tools that are to be reconfigured ad habitus of the new individual and social educational needs. Keywords: assistive technologies, educational resilience, emotional literacy, family system, health emergency, psychotherapy.
PROSPECTS THEORY AND INDIVIDUAL STYLE OF ECONOMIC DECISION-MAKING
Authors: Kononovych Tetiana , Myasoid Petro
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the research was to test the prospects theory of Nobel Prize winner in economics D. Kahneman and A. Tversky, which describes the heuristics of economic decision-making, to the adoption of a decision by a concrete person. The method of the study is the Single Case Study, which is the most basic form of case-oriented research. The empirical material was obtained using the Melbourne decision-making questionnaire. The presence of cognitive biases in the decision-making process was determined based on the framing effect. Many methods were used to test the decision-making style of the research participant N and the components of intellectual-personal potential determined. It shows that there are deviations in the process of concrete economic decision making, which are not the result of heuristics, characterized by D. Kahneman and A. Tversky. The decision of the research participant is based on the rational style of this process and the analytical system of reasoning. There is an interaction between cognitive systems 1 and 2 with the evident dominance of the latter. This system blocks cognitive biases and ensures the achievement of results. At the same time, there is an influence from the properties of the intellectual-personal potential of the research participant, such as rationality, intolerance to un-certainty, emotional intelligence. In conclusion, the prospects theory explains the decision-making process in the case study, but the "systematic errors" which D. Kahneman and A. Tversky speak about are not observed. Therefore, there is an opportunity to continue studying the role of individuality in economic behavior.
Keywords: behavioral economics, cognitive systems, decision-making style, prospects theory, sin-gle case study.
SULTAN TERNATE ISKANDAR DJABIR SYAH DAN PETUALANGANNYA DALAM NEGARA INDONESIA TIMUR, 1946-1950
Authors: Hasyim Rustam , Faisal Faisal , Faruk Rasti Amalia
Published: June 2020

This study aims to reconstruct the political participation of Iskandar Djabir Syah (the 47thSultan of Ternate) in the establishment of the State of Eastern Indonesia. The study focuses on outlining some political events involving Iskandar Djabir Syah such as the Malino and Denpasar conferences and becaming the Minister of Home Affairs of the Eastern Indonesia State for 1949 to 1950 periods.  The method used in this paper is a heuristic method that is history, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results showed that: (1) the participation of Sultan of Ternate Iskandar Djabir Syah in the unitary state started in the early independence of the Republic of Indonesia; it was characterized by conducting Malino and Denpasar conferences in 1946. The establishment of the Eastern Indonesia State became the political inspiration for Iskandar Djabir Syah to involve as the senate member of the Eastern Indonesia State/NIT representing North Maluku, as well as one of its designers. (2) As one of the leaders who agreed to the idea of van Mook to form a federalist country in the Malino and Denpasar conference, so that when the Eastern Indonesia State was formed, he was appointed as the Minister of Home Affairs in the cabinet of J.E. Tatengkeng for 1949 to 1950 periods. (3) Malino to Denpasar Conference in 1946 initiated by H.J. van Mook was the Dutch effort to establish the states in order to realize the United States of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia Serikat/RIS) based on Linggarjati Agreement. At the conference, it was formed the Eastern Indonesia State (Negara Indonesia Timur/NIT) covering the areas of Sulawesi, Small Sunda (Bali and Nusa Tenggara) and the Maluku Islands.Keywords: Sultan of Ternate Iskandar Djabir Syah, Political History, Malino and Denpasar Conferences, the Minister of Home Affairs of Eastern Indonesia State (NIT)