bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Forms of Participation and Practical Experience of the Volunteers of Khmelnychchyna
Authors: Ivanevych (Soniachna) Liliia
Published: November 2024

The study is aimed at the analysis of modern forms of participation and practical experience in the organization of help and support to the Forces of Security and Defence of Ukraine during the Russian aggression. The research of these processes, especially their regional features, is in a great demand currently and more relevant than ever. After all it will enable the deeper comprehension of significance and variability of the volunteering movement, its needs and effectiveness of its activities for society as a whole. Regional peculiarities of the volunteering of the patriotic direction in the city of Khmelnytskyi during 2022–2023 are described on the base of evaluation of the existing historiography, collected by the authoress of the source base of work and personal practical experience. The types of volunteer activities related to the help to the Ukrainian military during the struggle for the independence of our state are classified. The methods of volunteer work of the local charitable organizations, headquarters and foundations are described in detail. The scholar is succeeded to consider the changes in priorities in volunteer areas of activity depending on the war stages. The most effective types of volunteer work in the form of charity auctions, fairs, races, development games and other events are analyzed. The definition of volunteering as a mutually beneficial activity that helps not only those targeted directly, but also the volunteer himself and society in general through the development of psychological resilience and adaptability is submitted in the article. The important significance of volunteering in expanding the world view, responsibility and environment through the constant growth of the number of communications, in the development of an active life position and positive thinking, in the growth of honesty and sober mind of people and in their participation in forming a conscious democratic and legal civil society, and a strong state as a result is emphasized.
Cis-Irpin Region: Palimpsest of Traditions and Avant-Garde (Exemplified by the Village of Bobrytsia in Bucha District of Kyiv Oblast)
Authors: Bosa Liubov
Published: November 2024

The aim of the research is to unveil the unique features of the cultural landscape of the village of Bobrytsia in Bucha District of Kyiv Oblast in the Cis-Irpin region, which are insufficiently described in ethnological studies. The landscape is considered as a distinctive palimpsest and a conduit of cultural memory. The local community, engaging with both traditional and contemporary forms of environmental development, serves as the focal point of the investigation. Diverse research methodologies, encompassing ethnographic and anthropological approaches, as well as the analysis of social networks and in-depth interviews with respondents, are used. Two primary groups of village inhabitants are determined in the article. It is emphasized in particular on their disparities in civic and cultural orientations. While new residents are focused on avant-garde artistic practices, involving the entire community (such as street art), organizing international plein airs, the old residents on the other hand have endeavored to pass on the local context, respect for heritage, and a distinctive attitude to the origins of the ancient Cossacks’ village. However, here traditions and avant-garde do not conflict but interact and coexist, creating a unique cultural context. An active collaboration within the community is shown towards establishing a shared platform for uniting old and new residents through ecological and cultural-artistic projects. The key themes in the local discourse are described in the text, including the visual portrayal of the village, the role of the museum, and the creation of new identities. The meaningful components of local interactions, focused on a collective vision of the cultural landscape as the primary resource for sustainable territorial development are considered. It is emphasized that while suburban villages in Irpin region may exhibit typical infrastructure, they manifest notable distinctions in community practices. The submitted experience is a revolutionary one due to the attempts of both new and old residents to cooperate actively, creating optimal mechanisms of involvement, and considering attentively local traditional eco-cultural senses.
Viver a teoria
Authors: Barros de Brito Junior Antonio
Published: November 2024

O artigo apresenta uma leitura do Antropoceno como o tempo das catástrofes e da intrusão de Gaia, conforme a concepção de Isabelle Stengers. Em seguida, discute as limitações da literatura face aos problemas ecológicos do Antropoceno, seguindo as impressões de Amitav Ghosh, para quem a produção literária contemporânea oculta os desastres ecológicos e os desafios políticos resultantes do aquecimento global e de seus corolários. A partir disso, o artigo demonstra como o livro Croire aux fauves, da antropóloga francesa Nastassja Martin, pode ser considerado uma literatura que reflete sobre o Antropoceno, por meio do registro autobiográfico da autora e das considerações teóricas sobre a comunidade even, população indígena do Ártico russo. Com base na narração do episódio verídico central do livro, em que a autora foi atacada por um urso nas montanhas de Kamtchátka, na Rússia, sustenta-se que a obra está estruturada em uma composição híbrida: há, por um lado, a combinação entre autobiografia e relatório de pesquisa, e, por outro, a mescla de narrativa trágica com literatura especulativa. O hibridismo formal do livro está relacionado à dicotomia entre naturalismo e animismo, segundo o antropólogo Philippe Descola, de modo a demonstrar como a oscilação entre essas duas correntes de pensamento limita, primeiramente, a interpretação de que o ataque do urso à autora pode ser compreendido sob a ótica naturalista do acidente e do trágico. Em segundo lugar, essa ambiguidade abre caminho para uma interpretação sob a perspectiva imanentista do evento, a partir daquilo que a autora denomina de pragmática animista.
EUS in children with eosinophilic oesophagitis – a new method of measuring oesophageal total wall thickness area. An artificial intelligence application feasibility study. A pilot study
Authors:   Division of Anatomy, Wroclaw Medical Univeristy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw, Poland, Wozniak Slawomir , Kempinski Radoslaw ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, Akutko Katarzyna ,   2nd Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, Pytrus Tomasz ,   2nd Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, Zaleska-Dorobisz Urszula ,   Department of General and Paediatric Radiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
Published: November 2024

Aim: In the study, we aimed to introduce a formula for measuring the oesophageal total wall thickness area, which could be used for developing an artificial intelligence-based algorithm for the detection of patients whose total wall thickness area exceeds the norms. Material and methods: Mathematical formulas for measuring the square area of the oesophageal total wall thickness area were introduced and applied. Children were grouped according to their weight in clusters. For each cluster, the range (minimal and maximal value) were established. The measurements were done by using the formula for the area of the circular ring according to the formula A = π (B2–b2); the product of π and subtraction square b (smaller radius) and square B (bigger radius). The basic data for our calculations were derived from papers published by Dalby et al., 2010 and Loff et al., 2022. Results: The square area (in mm2) of the oesophageal wall was calculated and proposed to be introduced for further analysis. This value set could be used for creating an algorithm for computer-aided analysis of patients diagnosed with sonographic examination and isolating patients for surveillance. Our newly introduced approach could be implemented in sonographic, computer tomography, and magnetic resonance examinations in eosinophilic oesophagitis and other oesophageal diseases. Conclusions: Total wall thickness area could be used for monitoring children with eosinophilic oesophagitis and other oesophageal diseases. The method could also be applied for adults. Therefore, it can be a foundation for further progress with applying artificial intelligence algorithms.
A ságvári késő római erőd horreuma
Authors: Tóth Endre , Horváth Friderika
Published: November 2024

Absztrakt

A Kelet-Dunántúlon található belső erődök a Constantinus-korban épült katonai utánpótlási bázisok voltak, amelyek a 374. évi kvád–szarmata betörés pusztítása után épültek újjá. Az erődök fontos épülete volt a gabonaraktár. A ságvári erőd horreumának kutatása megbízható adatokat szolgáltatott az épület és a létesítmény kronológiájához, valamint a 374. évi kvád–szarmata betörés történetéhez. A tanulmányban a horreum ásatásának eredményeit ismertetjük, kitekintéssel a pannoniai késő római gabonaraktárak építészeti típusára.
Fresh, hardened properties and microstructural analysis on the effect of NaOH molarities of industrial by-products based self-compacting geopolymer concrete
Authors: A Vigneshkumar , Christy C. Freeda , Muthukannan M. , Alengaram U. Johnson
Published: November 2024

The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) molarity in Self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) is essential for activating the precursor and aggregate to develop strength, workability, and microstructure. In this study, SCGC mixes prepared with 50% fly ash (FA) and 50% ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) to investigate fresh and hardened properties with NaOH molarities (M) ranges from 8 to 16, the ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH kept constant at 2.5 and ratio of alkaline solution to the binder at 0.45 with 2% SP for the polymerization process. SCGC workability studies indicate the NaOH concentration increased, the slump flow decreased, and 14 M was the optimum molarity. The compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength results showed 39.4 MPa, 4.72 MPa, and 5.91 MPa at 28 days. The C–S–H gel enhanced the strength qualities studied from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscope showed microstructural densification of the entire system, which improved with the NaOH concentration, and the strength increased with the degree of polymerization and polycondensation. Hence, based on workability, the optimized NaOH concentration is 14 M with binder contents of FA (50%) and GGBS (50%). This study helps to improve the microstructure and strength properties with potential cost implications of SCGC.
Contributions of emotional intelligence to social entrepreneurial intention: Evidence from an emerging nation
Authors: Karim Md. Mobarak , Amin Mohammad Bin , Bhuiya Md Iftekharul Islam , Abdullah Masuk , Ahammad Issa , Bács Zoltán
Published: November 2024

In emerging economies, social entrepreneurship is becoming more widely recognized as a means of optimizing societal value. Examining the impact of emotional intelligence on students' intentions to pursue social entrepreneurship is the primary goal of this research project. The university students in Bangladesh were the study's target population. An online survey with self-administered questions was created to gather data from 334 Bangladeshi students. This study is exploratory and quantitative in nature. For this study purpose non-probability random sampling and convenience methods were applied to collect the data. Reliability was considered to be measured with a Cronbach's alpha (α) value of 0.70 or above. The study found the reliability of the constructs like self-awareness (α = 0.868), self-management (α = 0.895), social awareness (α = 0.867), relationship management (α = 0.948), and social entrepreneurial intention (0.864). The model was evaluated and the hypotheses were confirmed using SPSS v26.0 at the 5% significance level. Furthermore, this study's findings show 0.678 percent, or 67.8%, of the variance in Social Entrepreneurial Intention, which is valuable for the body of knowledge in this field of study. These findings could help academics, community organizations, non-governmental organizations, government, and civil society develop successful policies and initiatives to support students' plans to grow their social entrepreneurship in Bangladesh.
Myeloma multiplex és emlőcarcinoma társulása egy hazai hematológiai centrum adatai alapján
Authors: Obajed Al-Ali Nóra , Pinczés László Imre , Váróczy László
Published: November 2024

A myeloma multiplex (MM) javuló túlélése mellett egyre gyakrabban találkozunk másodlagos primer malignitásokkal (MPM). Az emlőcarcinoma (EC) a leggyakoribb malignitás a nők körében. A két malignus betegség együttes előfordulása a kórtörténetben egyre gyakoribb, ami különleges kihívások elé állítja a klinikusokat. A DEKK Hematológiai Tanszékén az elmúlt tíz évben MM-mel diagnosztizált 624 beteg közül 6 esetben fordult elő EC társulása, ami 0,96%-os incidenciát jelent. Az esetek felében az MM, a másik felében az EC alakult ki először. Az EC elsődleges kezelései közé tartozott a sugár- és hormonkezelés, míg az MM kezelésében minden esetben történt autológ haemopoietikus őssejttranszplantáció, és gyakori volt a lenalidomid alkalmazása. Az MM-mel kapcsolatos kezelések, különösen az alkilálószerek és a lenalidomid növelhetik az MPM kockázatát. A betegeknél a kombinált kezelések során gyakran fordultak elő csontléziók, és szükség volt antireszorptív kezelésre. Az MM és EC együttes fennállása esetén a terápiás döntések és gondozás a két szakma szoros együttműködésén alapul. Az esetek elemzése során fontosnak tartottuk, hogy a két malignitás társulásának klinikai és terápiás kihívásait megértsük, és a betegellátás során figyelembe vegyük.
Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) outperforms Nutri-Score in assessing healthiness. Case study with breakfast cereals
Authors: Szakál Dorina , Fehér Orsolya , Benke Eszter , Gere Attila , Radványi Dalma
Published: November 2024

Nutritional information on packaging is becoming increasingly important in the food industry. Currently, labels are seen not only on the back of the packaging but also on the front. As there are many versions of front-of-pack labels (FoPLs), the research aims to determine which helps consumers the most in making decisions about which food to include in a healthier lifestyle. Nutri-Score, Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) and Multiple Traffic Lights (MTL) FoPLs on cereals were compared using eye-tracking (ET) and choice-based conjoint analysis (CBCA). CBCA was used to assess consumer preferences and the labels and products were also ranked. Based on the results, GDA type FoPL proved to be the most useful based on conjoint analysis, ranking and the analysis of ET parameters. This label helped participants the most in choosing the product that best fits into a healthier lifestyle. The Nutri-Score label, which offers little information on a product's nutritional content, was not favourably received by the Hungarian sample, who preferred more detailed FoP labels.
Comparison of Template Matching Algorithm and Feature Extraction Algorithm in Sundanese Script Transliteration Application using Optical Character Recognition
Authors: Gerhana Yana Aditia , Atmadja Aldy Rialdy , Padilah Muhamad Farid
Published: November 2024

The phenomenon that occurs in the area of West Java Province is that the people do not preserve their culture, especially regional literature, namely Sundanese script, in this digital era there is research on Sundanese script combined with applications using Feature Extraction algorithm, but there is no comparison with other algorithms and cannot recognize Sundanese numbers. Therefore, to develop the research a Sundanese script application was made with the implementation of OCR (Optical Character Recognition) using the Template Matching algorithm and the Feature Extraction algorithm that was modified with the pre-processing stages including using luminosity and thresholding algorithms, from the two algorithms compared to the accuracy and time values the process of recognizing digital writing and handwriting, the results of testing digital writing algorithm Matching algorithm has a value of 87% word recognition accuracy with 236 ms processing time and 97.6% character recognition accuracy with 227 ms processing time, Feature Extraction has 98% word recognition accuracy with 73.6 ms processing time and 100% character recognition accuracy with 66 ms processing time, for handwriting recognition in feature extraction character recognition has 83% accuracy and 75% word recognition , while template matching in character recognition has an accuracy of 70% and word recognition has an accuracy of 66%.
The use of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist in the treatment of asthma: A tertiary asthma center experience
Authors: Özdel Öztürk Betül , Çelebi Sözener Zeynep , Metan Esra Ünsay , Aydın Ömür , Bavbek Sevim , Mungan Dilsad
Published: November 2024

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the frequency and sociodemographic and clinical distinguishing features of asthmatic patients in whom long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) were added to maintenance therapy in our clinic.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on sociodemographic, phenotypic, and clinical characteristics of patients with asthma using Steps 4 and 5 medications, who were followed up in our center for at least 1 year, were obtained from file records. Whether the patients received add-on LAMA for at least 6 months was also noted.
Results: A total of 279 patients with asthma using Steps 4 and 5 medications (female/male: 215/64) with a mean age of 50.84 ± 12.42 years were included in the study. Seventy-nine (28.3%) patients (female/male: 60/19) with a mean age of 52.45 ± 11.61 years used LAMA as an add-on treatment; 28 (37.8%) at Step 4 and 51 (24.8%) at Step 5. In Steps 4 and 5, there was no difference in terms of age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, being allergic or eosinophilic, phenotype, and asthma onset between patients with and without add-on LAMA. Asthma control in the previous year was better, and minimum forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was lower in patients with LAMA than in those without in Step 4 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.030, respectively). In Step 5, the rate of being well-controlled was higher in those without add-on LAMA (P < 0.001). The number of exacerbations in the previous year was higher, and minimum and maximum FEV1 were lower in patients with add-on LAMA (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Our study showed that add-on LAMA treatment was effective in increasing asthma control in patients using Step 4 medication independent of baseline characteristics and asthma phenotype.
Influence of fatty acid composition on contact angle and wear rate of Jatropha curcas and sunflower’s mixture by varying compositions mixture
Authors: Ma’arif Moch. Syamsul , Wardana I Nyoman Gede , Darmadi Djarot B. , Novareza Oyong , Admantara Nanu , Aisyah Iis Siti
Published: November 2024

United Nation Sustainable Development Goals make sustainability become common goals which drives into investments of innovative product and technology focusing on sustainability. Cutting oils are generally made from mineral oil and the renewable replacement is sought after and one of them are Jatropha curcas and sunflower oil or blend of them. Viscosity and adsorption will influence the properties of cutting oil. The study concern on the relationship between percentage of JCO in the mixture to anti-wear properties and contact angle measured using goniometer contact angle and pin-on-disk tribometer by varying percentage of Jatropha curcas oil in mixtures for 2.5 %, 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %. Also, molecular simulation is conducted through molecular dynamic in search of dipole moment, electrostatic potential, polarizability and bond energy. The approach is employed to connect molecular interaction and non-linearity trending of experiment. The experiment shows contact angle and wear scar width and also wear rate become higher when percentage of Jatropha curcas oil is higher. The lowest contact angle is 26.9 deg. and the highest is 36.9 deg. of 2.5 % and 30 % Jatropha oil. The highest wear rate is 6.77e-7 and the lowest is 2.74e-7 of 2.5 % and 30 % Jatropha oil. The simulation gives supporting basis in the finding of experiment in which the viscosity is more prominent in governing wear rate than adsorption. Increases of Jatropha curcas percentages have inversely proportional to dipole moment, polarizability, electrostatic potential and bonding which explain why the fatty acids become more adhere to the fatty acid than to surface. The finding is restricted only for idealized conditions both of molecular structure and surface.
Methodical approach to assessing the state of hierarchical systems using a metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Shyshatskyi Andrii , Kashkevich Svitlana , Kyrychenko Igor , Khakhlyuk Oleksiy , Kubrak Volodymyr , Kоval Andrii , Kоval Oleksandr , Protas Nadiia , Stryhun Vitalii , Kuzminov Ievgenii
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is hierarchical systems. The subject of the study is the process of assessing the state of hierarchical systems using the advanced antlion algorithm (ALA), an advanced genetic algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. The problem solved in the study is to increase the efficiency of assessing the state of hierarchical systems, regardless of the system hierarchy level. The originality of the study is that:
– the initial setting of ALA is carried out taking into account the type of uncertainty using appropriate correction factors for the degree of awareness of anthill location (priority search directions);
– the initial velocity of each ALA is taken into account, which allows determining the priority of search by each ALA in the specified search direction;
– the fitness of ALA hunting locations is determined, which reduces the time for assessing the state of the hierarchical system;
– the use of the procedure of global restart of the algorithm, which allows the algorithm to go beyond the current optimum and improve the exploration ability of the algorithm, which reduces the time for assessing the state of hierarchical systems;
– the possibility of clarifying the choice of an anthill at the hunting stage due to ranking anthills by the level of ant pheromone;
– improved ability to select the best ALA in comparison with random selection using an advanced genetic algorithm, which improves the reliability of assessing the state of complex hierarchical systems.
The proposed methodical approach provides a 22–25 % increase in the efficiency of assessing the state of hierarchical systems by using additional advanced procedures. The proposed methodical approach should be used to solve the problems of assessing the state of complex hierarchical systems under uncertainty and risks characterized by a high degree of complexity.
Identifying possible ways for adapting an open wagon for transporting containers
Authors: Panchenko Sergii , Lovska Alyona , Muradian Arsen , Pelypenko Yevhen , Rukavishnykov Pavlo , Demydiukov Oleksii
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the processes of perception and redistribution of loads in the supporting structure of a open wagon loaded with containers, taking into account the new scheme of their fastening.
For safe transportation of containers in an open wagon, it is suggested to use a removable module. This module works according to the principle of an intermediate adapter between the container and the open wagon body. Fastening of the module itself in the open wagon is carried out through the fitting stops, which are placed on the floor of the open wagon.
Mathematical modeling was carried out to determine the longitudinal dynamic load acting on the container fixed according to the new scheme in the open wagon. To this end, a mathematical model was built that characterizes the longitudinal movements of the "open wagon - removable module - container" system. Determination of the accelerations that act on the supporting structure of the open wagon loaded with containers was also carried out by means of computer simulation. Verification of the formed model of the dynamic load of the open wagon was carried out according to the F-criterion. Also, as part of the study, a modal analysis of the load-bearing structure of a open wagon loaded with containers was carried out, which made it possible to assess its traffic safety.
A feature of the results obtained as part of the research is that the proposed design of the removable module could be used not only for fastening containers but also for transportation of other types of cargo.
The field of practical application of the results is railroad transport, including other transportation industries. The conditions for the practical use of the results are a symmetrical scheme of loading the body of a open wagon with containers.
The results of this study will contribute to increasing the efficiency of container transportation and the profitability of railroad transport
Development of a complex antioxidant for stabilization of dressing enriched with omega-3 fatty acids
Authors: Stankevych Serhii , Yakymenko-Tereshchenko Nataliia , Panasenko Vladimir , Gontar Tatiana , Zabrodina Inna , Kolontaievskyi Oleg , Voronov Roman , Ponomarova Maryna , Novikova Viktoriia , Ashtaiev Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

The solution to the problem of developing a complex antioxidant for the oxidative stabilization of emulsion systems with a high content of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is considered. The object of the study is the oxidative stabilization of dressing using a complex antioxidant of plant origin. The ratio of ω-3:ω-6 PUFAs in model samples of the emulsion system was 1:5.46 and 1:2.21. The reasonable range of antioxidant ratios in the complex was substantiated. The ratio of tocopherol extract, garlic and laurel essential oils in the complex antioxidant is 1:1:1, respectively. Over 30 days of storage of the emulsion system model samples stabilized with a complex antioxidant, there is a gradual accumulation of organic acids (from 0.73 % to 0.75 %). The content of primary oxidation products increases for sample No. 2 – from 0.7 to 1.9 mmol ½ O2/kg, for sample No. 3 – from 0.4 to 1.2 mmol ½ O2/kg. The obtained values of physicochemical parameters meet the requirements of regulatory documentation (DSTU 4561). The peculiarity of the obtained results is that the complex antioxidant showed a significant increase in the stability of the emulsion system of high nutritional value, in particular, slowed down the accumulation of organic acids and peroxides. From a practical point of view, the development can effectively stabilize food emulsion systems with a high content of oxidation-labile PUFAs. An applied aspect of the obtained scientific result is the possibility of modeling and developing new formulations of emulsion and individual fat systems with high nutritional value, containing high PUFA concentrations
Increasing the efficiency of operation and management of railroad transport infrastructure based on maximum levels of fault tolerance
Authors: Gorobchenko Oleksandr , Matsiuk Viacheslav , Holub Halyna , Gritsuk Igor , Nevedrov Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

This paper considers the optimization of parameters for a railroad transport system. The maximum level of technological reliability and the average time spent by trains on the route are used as optimization criteria. The purpose of the study is to establish the optimal parameters for the operational process of railroad transport systems according to the criterion of the maximum level of technological reliability and the minimum time of trains on the route. Methods of technological reliability research have been proposed. Taking into account that the entire technological process is a sequential set of technological elements, a simulation model of the technological process of the transit transport-technological line along a route direction has been built. A population of agents that simulates the operation of railroad sections of the rotation of train locomotives and is a key subsystem of the simulation model has been developed and configured. The simulation model makes it possible to optimize the parameters of multi-section railroad lines. This approach is provided owing to the agent approach. As a result of the experiments, the optimal parameters of the functioning of railroad lines were established when organizing the passage of transit trains. The coefficient of utilization of the locomotive fleet fluctuates within the optimal range (0.55–0.65), which indicates the sufficiency of traction resources in the railroad system. The optimal parameters of the railroad transport system were established experimentally using the example of a train flow of 85 pairs of trains on a two-track route with five sections. The problem of "abandoned trains" has a solution but, to this end, it is necessary to increase the fleet of train locomotives by 150–200 % relative to existing standards. At the same time, even with an unlimited fleet of train locomotives, there is a fairly high probability (up to 30–50 %) of technological failures
Evaluation of prototyping methods for interactive virtual systems based on fuzzy preference relation
Authors: Kudriashova Alona , Pikh Iryna , Senkivskyy Vsevolod , Merenych Yulian
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the process of determining the optimal method for prototyping interactive virtual systems using the principle of multi-criteria optimization. The paper addresses the task to design tools for evaluating prototyping methods and introduces software developed to identify the best option according to priority criteria. The optimal prototyping method was chosen based on the maximum value of the membership function with indicators of 0.3, 0.7, and 1. Thus, the best method for the given task is rapid prototyping, with a membership function value equal to 1. These results have made it possible to solve the problem by evaluating fuzzy preference relations on a set of alternatives. Additionally, a relation convolution was constructed, from which a subset of non-dominated alternatives was identified.
The key features of the proposed approach are obtaining clear quantitative evaluation parameters by processing descriptive, non-unified, and non-formalized input data. The fuzzy preference relations for the set of alternatives are explained by the analysis of the most common methods for prototyping interactive systems.
The developed information system could be used for managerial decision-making regarding the selection of optimal prototyping option from several possibilities, by comparing methods based on predefined criteria with arbitrary weighting coefficients. The result of the research is a universal system adaptable to specific user tasks. The resulting data will contribute to improving the efficiency of prototyping and, consequently, reducing costs.
Determining the impact of different types of biofuels on the quality of iron ore pellets
Authors: Yefimenko Vadym , Boyko Maxim , Zhuravlova Svitlana , Marko Anatolii , Tanchev Oleksandr , Dutniy Ruslan
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the process of roasting iron ore pellets. The study solves the task of replacing fossil fuel with plant-based fuel in order to reduce environmental load and ensure the stable quality of pellets, which is necessary for use in blast furnaces.
The influence of biofuel content at a given temperature and air speed on the strength of pellets after roasting was studied. As a result of the research, it was established that the fuel content has a decisive effect on the strength of pellets. Among all types of fuel that were investigated, pellets with the addition of sunflower husks and wood had the highest strength that meets the requirements for blast furnace melting of 200 kilograms. The use of wheat straw and charcoal does not make it possible to completely replace solid fuel in the layer of pellets.
The results show that the use of up to 0.36 % of sunflower husk makes it possible to increase the strength of burned pellets compared to samples without biofuel content. Adding all other considered types of fuel reduced the strength of the pellets.
These results are explained by the different content of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which determines the characteristics of the biomass. The high content of cellulose and hemicellulose allows for high hydrophilicity due to the high number of OH groups and positively affects the formation of raw pellets. Volatile substances released during the combustion of biofuel contribute to the formation of spherical pores, as well as their uniform distribution, which prevents the propagation of cracks under load.
Research results make it possible to establish the optimal roasting mode, decrease harmful emissions, and bring down costs by reducing fossil fuel consumption
Prospects of electricity generation through the use of alternative sources such as waste tires processing products
Authors: Boichenko Sergii , Kuberskyi Ihor , Shkinuk Iryna , Danilin Oleksandr , Kryuchkov Anatoliy , Rozen Viktor , Khotian Artem , Sokolovska Nataliia , Yakovlieva Anna , Pavlovskyi Maksym
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is a hybrid energy system that integrates the processes of recycling used tires with the use of alternative energy sources to design a sustainable and environmentally safe power generation system.
The problem addressed in this study is to find effective methods for recycling waste tires for electricity generation, as traditional recycling methods are energy-intensive and lead to the loss of valuable resources.
Three methods of tire processing have been considered: pyrolysis, thermal degradation, and mechanical grinding. The method of electricity generation using pyrolysis has demonstrated high environmental performance due to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a high rate of renewable energy (80 %). According to the results of the study, the use of 5 MW pyrolysis furnaces in combination with 500 kW solar panels provides a reduction in dependence on fossil sources, reducing CO2 emissions to 50.0 kg/year. The method has high capital costs (NPC USD 4.2 million), but the cost of energy production (COE USD 0.18/kWh) makes this method competitive in the long run. Thermal degradation provides a balanced approach in terms of energy efficiency (75 %) and environmental performance. Although its CO2 emissions are higher than in pyrolysis, the method makes it possible to obtain additional products that could be used in other industries, thereby increasing economic efficiency. Mechanical shredding has the lowest average energy costs (USD 0.12/kWh) and the lowest CO2 emissions (30.0 kg/year), making it ideal for cost-conscious businesses.
The study confirms the possibility of effective integration of renewable sources with tire recycling methods.
The practical use of the research results is possible during the implementation of grant projects for the recycling of used tires, and in the work of relevant government structures for devising a policy for the disposal of used tires
Development of mathematical models of power consumption at coal plants
Authors: Telbayeva Shynar , Nurmaganbetova Gulim , Avdeyev Leonid , Kaverin Vladimir , Issenov Sultanbek , Janiszewski Dariuzs , Smagulova Karshiga , Nurmagambetova Gulmira
Published: November 2024

The object of research is coal enterprises where powerful electrical equipment is used (underground installations up to 3000 kW, tunneling complexes of 500–1500 kW, technological complexes of 6–10/0.4 kV, etc.). The deficit of generated capacities, caused by growing energy consumption, can be reduced by regulating power consumption modes.
The relevance of this issue is determined by the need to conduct a research of the electricity consumption system, to determine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of electricity consumption using mathematical models.
The lack of mathematical models makes it difficult to analyze energy intensity and consumption modes of each technological operation in the overall balance of electricity consumption of coal enterprises.
The article considers the structure and classification of the main technological groups of energy consumers, the development of mathematical models for each type of load modes, as well as a generalized model of electricity consumption of coal enterprises, with the use of mathematical apparatus of probability theory and mathematical statistics.
As a result of the work, mathematical models of the electricity consumption process for the main technological groups and for models of daily electricity consumption of coal enterprises as a whole were developed, and it was also established that technological objects of electricity consumption are divided into three different values, in terms of power consumption modes: constant, uniform and pulse. For each class of consumers their statistical characteristics were obtained.
The work results can be applied for managing power consumption modes of coal enterprises
Identifying the parameters and operation modes of the cavitation apparatus taking into account the influence of the processing material
Authors: Bernyk Iryna , Nazarenko Ivan , Zapryvoda Andrii , Ruchynskyi Mykola , Bolharova Natalia , Nesterenko Tetiana
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is dynamic pressure that takes into account the main parameters of technological process. Under real conditions of cavitation apparatus operation, a discrepancy between actual and calculated parameters of 30–50 % was found, which significantly reduces the efficiency and quality of material processing. The problem was solved through a joint study of the movement of the acoustic apparatus and the technological environment as a single structured system taking into account the influence of materials. This is a peculiarity of the approach and distinctive features of the results in comparison with existing ones, in which the research was conducted separately for the processing material and the cavitation apparatus. The model proposed in the work reflects the elastic, inertial, and dissipative parameters in the equations of motion, provided that their changes are taken into account, both in the acoustic apparatus and in the technological material. This approach has made it possible to reveal the physical essence of the interaction and analytically describe their joint movement. The resulting analytical dependences made it possible to calculate and propose numerical values of vibration amplitudes in the range of 4.0...20.0 μm, sound pressure values in the range of 5.0...30.0∙105 Pa for media with a viscosity of (10–200)∙10-3 Pa∙s. With the set value of the amplitude, it is possible to assign the necessary parameters for the implementation of the cavitation process. The developed calculation algorithm ensures the reliability of the accepted models and parameters of the cavitation apparatus. The proposed approach of joint study of the movement of the acoustic apparatus and the environment is expedient to use for the practical implementation of ultrasonic treatment. In particular, such processes as dispersion, emulsification, mixing, extraction, and others, in order to increase their efficiency
ESTIMATION OF FORMANT INFORMATION USING AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTION OF VOICE SIGNAL
Authors: Pastushenko M. S. , Pastushenko M. A. , Faizulaiev T. А.
Published: November 2024

Context. The current scientific problem of extracting biometric characteristics of a user of a voice authentication system, which can significantly increase its reliability, is considered. There has been performed estimation of formant information from the voice signal, which is a part of the user template in the voice authentication system and is widely used in the processing of speech signals in other applications, including in the presence of interfering noise components. The work is distinguished by the investigation of a polyharmonic signal.
Objective. The purpose of the work is to develop procedures for generating formant information based on the results of calculating the autocorrelation function of the analyzed fragment of the voice signal and their subsequent spectral analysis.
Method. The procedures for generating formant information in the process of digital processing of voice signal are proposed. Initially, the autocorrelation function of the analyzed fragment of the voice signal is calculated. Based on the results of the autocorrelation function estimation, the amplitude-frequency spectrum is calculated, from which the formant information is extracted, for example, by means of threshold processing. When the signal-to-noise ratio of the analyzed voice signal fragment is low, it is advisable to iteratively calculate the autocorrelation function. The latter allows increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and the efficiency of formant information extraction. However, each subsequent iteration of the autocorrelation function calculation is associated with an increase in the required computational resource. The latter is conditioned by the doubling of the amount of processed data at each iteration.
Results. The developed procedures for generating formant information were investigated both in the processing of model and experimental voice signals. The model signals had a low signal-to-noise ratio. The proposed procedures allow to determine more precisely the width of the spectrum of extracted formant frequencies, significantly increase the number of extracted formants, including cases at low signal-to-noise ratio.
Conclusions. The conducted model experiments have confirmed the performance and reliability of the proposed procedures for extracting formant information both in the processing of model and experimental voice signals. The results of the research allow to recommend their use in practice for solving problems of voice authentication, speaker differentiation, speech and gender recognition, intelligence, counterintelligence, forensics and forensic examination, medicine (diseases of the speech tract and hearing). Prospects for further research may include the creation of procedures for evaluating formant information based on phase data of the processed voice signal.
IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALIZATION OF VULNERABILITIES IN SMART CONTRACTS USING ATTENTION VECTORS ANALYSIS IN A BERT-BASED MODEL
Authors: Tereshchenko O. I. , Komleva N. O.
Published: November 2024

Context. With the development of blockchain technology and the increasing use of smart contracts, which are automatically executed in blockchain networks, the significance of securing these contracts has become extremely relevant. Traditional code auditing methods often prove ineffective in identifying complex vulnerabilities, which can lead to significant financial losses. For example, the reentrancy vulnerability that led to the DAO attack in 2016 resulted in the loss of 3.6 million ethers and the split of the Ethereum blockchain network. This underscores the necessity for early detection of vulnerabilities.
Objective. The objective of this work is to develop and test an innovative approach for identifying and localizing vulnerabilities in smart contracts based on the analysis of attention vectors in a model using BERT architecture.
Method. The methodology described includes data preparation and training a transformer-based model for analyzing smart contract code. The proposed attention vector analysis method allows for the precise identification of vulnerable code segments. The use of the CodeBERT model significantly improves the accuracy of vulnerability identification compared to traditional methods. Specifically, three types of vulnerabilities are considered: reentrancy, timestamp dependence, and tx.origin vulnerability. The data is preprocessed, which includes the standardization of variables and the simplification of functions.
Results. The developed model demonstrated a high F-score of 95.51%, which significantly exceeds the results of contemporary approaches, such as the BGRU-ATT model with an F-score of 91.41%. The accuracy of the method in the task of localizing reentrancy vulnerabilities was 82%.
Conclusions. The experiments conducted confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Prospects for further research include the integration of more advanced deep learning models, such as GPT-4 or T5, to improve the accuracy and reliability of vulnerability detection, as well as expanding the dataset to cover other smart contract languages, such as Vyper or LLL, to enhance the applicability and efficiency of the model across various blockchain platforms.
Thus, the developed CodeBERT-based model demonstrates high results in detecting and localizing vulnerabilities in smart contracts, which opens new opportunities for research in the field of blockchain platform security.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM AND REGISTRATION OF METAL IN CONTINUOUS CASTING
Authors: Sotnik S. V.
Published: November 2024

Context. Modern industrial enterprises face challenges that require introduction of latest technologies to improve efficiency and competitiveness. In metallurgy, one of key stages is continuous casting, where quality of products and economic performance of enterprise depend on accuracy and efficiency of process control. Products made using continuous casting technology are widely used in various industries due to their high mechanical properties, structural uniformity and cost-effectiveness.
The development of automated metal management and registration system is becoming not only relevant, but also necessary to ensure stable and efficient production.
The problem of improving quality of metal products has always been one of most important tasks in steel industry. Imperfect technological processes, human error and equipment malfunctions can lead to defects in finished metal products. This, in turn, affects final characteristics of products, their durability and reliability.
To date, available sources have not yet found complete solution to this problem. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate problem and develop algorithm for operation of automated system for controlling and registering metal in continuous casting.
Objective. The goal of work is to develop automated metal management and registration system to improve quality of metal products.
Method. To achieve this goal, parametric model was proposed, which is formalized on basis of set theory. The model takes into account key parameters of continuous casting process: material characteristics, structural features of crystallizer, casting modes, metal level in crystallizer, and position of shot stopper.
Results. The problem was formulated and key parameters were determined, which are taken into account in system’s algorithm, which made it possible to develop system for controlling parameters of continuous casting to solve problem of improving quality of metal products.
Conclusions. To improve quality of metal products and stability of casting process, parametric model was created that is comprehensive, allows optimization of key parameters and ensures accuracy of process control by integrating not only modes of product formation, but also takes into account specific properties of source material (chemical composition of material grade, etc.) and design features of casting plant. Algorithm for automated control system has been developed that takes into account relationships between certain key parameters and ensures optimal control of casting process. Based on proposed complex parametric model and algorithm, automated control and metal registration system was created. The focus of work is on quality and efficiency of metal management and registration in continuous casting, based on modern methods of computer science and engineering. A comprehensive experimental comparison of developed system with commercial analogs in real production conditions was carried out, which allowed us to objectively assess its efficiency and reliability.