bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution channels (dc) in the technological industry - ideas for improvement in Argentina
Authors: Viltard Leandro Adolfo , Viltard Leandro
Published: June 2021

For many years, the DC operation -covering massive sales and value added solutions- have been a reality in the Argentinean technological industry. Manufacturing companies have used them as a central part of their commercial growth/value added strategies to provide greater geographical coverage and adequacy to the products/services offered. As a result, this work shows different DC facets of this environment and possible improvement aspects. Management focus could bring better performance levels for the organizations that configure this complex and exciting industry. The hypothesis of this study –which was corroborated- is that there are aspects that can be improved in the DC operation of the Argentinean technological industry, bringing value added and sustainable growth to the companies’ network. Main findings of this work reveal that long DC and hybrid models are mostly used by manufacturers because they improve commercial reach, final customers’ solutions and purchase experience, providing the highest possible flexibility and profitability. It also requires cost optimization, channel efficiencies and vertical conflicts reduction. In addition, there are challenges connected to: a) the whole DC network value understanding and the optimal channel level mix, b) customer demand generation, c) the technology/cloud-based businesses and the SMB (Small Medium Business) that need more personalization and value added focus, d) remote channels/online platforms versus physical channels, e) the Opportunity Registration process as a way to protect the DC investment in certain key customers, and f) training opportunities, among others. The final objective referrers to get away from imitation and commoditization, proposing a unique value proposition for which strategy and marketing plans should create long term customer value. Finally, best practices are remarked as a way to evolve to new performance levels. The study is exploratory-descriptive, with a qualitative methodology, and it is supported with a bibliographical and an empirical analysis.
Cleaner production alternatives for a cosmetics industry in Southern Bahia
Authors: Dos Santos Maricélia Almeida , Soares Bruna Borges , De Sousa Lucas Farias , Alves Edmar Costa
Published: June 2021

The production of cosmetics has received attention due to the high demand for beauty and personal care items. In contrast, negative interferences are related to this sector, from obtaining the raw material to the final disposal of packaging. This study aimed to identify critical points and opportunities for environmental improvements in the cosmetic industry in southern Bahia based on the principles of Cleaner Production (CP). The methodology used was based on the principles of Cleaner Production proposed by UNEP/UNIDO and the data collection was carried out through on-site visits including consultation to the company’s files. Also was realized a cross-analysis of the study results with elements identified in the literature that allowed the identification and discussion of CP opportunities, as well as suggestions for improvements to the critical points found. The consumption of raw materials and the generation of solid waste were aspects with more critical points. The refuse of material and inadequate destination of solid residues (oil drums, pallets, among others), as well as the replacement of raw materials by alternative and renewable sources, reverse logistics implementation and redesign of the packaging process were the opportunities for improvement aimed. Other critical points were related to the consumption of water, energy and generation of atmospheric gases. The suggested proposals can promote the reduction in material waste, rework and productivity gains. In addition, they serve as a subsidy and direct environmentally actions more appropriate, once the "clean beauty industry" seems to be a growing trend and a business opportunity, as well as can be requested by environmentally responsible customers in some moments.
Corporate social responsibility in times of crisis: business actions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Silva Luiz Henrique Vieira da , Sugahara Cibele Roberta , Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo
Published: June 2021

Between the years 2019 and 2020, humanity was affected by one of the most serious pandemics in recent history, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The socioeconomic tragedy required the complete mobilization of governments, companies, and other organizations to contain and combat the disease. Shedding light on the role of companies, this article set out to analyze, through descriptive, qualitative and documentary research, the various manifestations of Corporate Social Responsibility in Brazilian companies during the pandemic, with the Agenda 2030 as a backdrop for Sustainable Development and related initiatives. It became evident that, while on the one hand, organizations are strongly invited to act in the containment of world events harmful to human life, by extension, socially responsible companies must bear the commitment to work together to mitigate the impacts of climate change and to eradicating hunger and poverty, equally urgent and necessary demands.
Managerial styles and their relationship with job satisfaction in information technology companies
Authors: Grecco Anna Beatriz Bezerra , Velázquez Daniel René Tasé , Mastrapa Lorena Hernández
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate which managerial style prevails in the operational area of five IT companies and their relationship with the job satisfaction of their employees. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied to 120 participants, validating 110 responses. Questions regarding the three factors of EAEG were integrated in order to identify the focus in which the leadership predominantly operates in these companies, and the five dimensions of EST were used to measure the level of employees satisfaction regarding each dimension evaluated. Descriptive statistical processing allowed to observe that the managerial style focused on the Task prevails, with an overall average score of vt = 4.11. As dispersion measures, the sample standard deviation (St = 0.39) and sample amplitude (At = 0.91) corresponding to this factor (Task) were calculated, respectively, showing that the values are very close to the average score. It indicates that there is uniformity between the scores for each item of the factor Task. It was found that 65 % of participants confirm the role of the leadership focused on the Task. The Satisfaction with the nature of work dimension reached an average score of vd = 5.09, showing employee satisfaction. The dimension Satisfaction with colleagues reached an average score of  vd = 4.34 indicating indifference on the level of satisfaction, whereas the dimensions Satisfaction with salary, promotions and leadership, reached averages of  vd = 3.87, vd = 3.70 and vd = 3.46, respectively, indicating levels of dissatisfaction. Finally, were highlighted some criteria as motivators for avoid turnover in organizations that contribute to the job satisfaction of these employees.
Restriction analysis: an applied view in a public educational institution of the Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Mello Lavinia Lopes de , Sutero Débora Desconsi , Silva Luis Carlos Alves da , Silva Maicon da , Fontoura Fernando Batista Bandeira da
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the applicability of the five steps of the theory of restrictions as an alternative for improving the efficiency of processes in a public organization. Methodologically the study is characterized as descriptive and exploratory, with bibliographic research and data analysis being performed qualitatively. The research was carried out in loco, through the observation technique. As main results of the research, the feasibility and importance of the application of the tool is ratified, directly impacting on efficiency and quality maximization in the services offered to society and optimizing public resources, which can be applied in other sectors of our society. With the efficiency in achieving the applicability of the five steps of the theory of restrictions, the management and identification of the bottleneck in the process of cooperation agreements contributed to speed up public service. The research becomes relevant since it encourages the application of the theory of restrictions in public entities, being a tool for identifying restrictions in processes, providing greater protection against human weaknesses and also reducing the possibility of errors and irregularities, demonstrating care with public resources to the population and applying them efficiently.
Nachrichten für die Nachwelt. Turmkugelarchive in der Erinnerungskultur des deutschsprachigen Europa
Authors: Kümin Beat
Published: June 2021

Dieser Aufsatz untersucht den weitverbreiteten Brauch, Chroniken und Objekte in die Turmkugeln (bzw. -knäufe/-knöpfe) bedeutender sakraler und profaner Gebäude wie Pfarrkirchen, Kapellen, Ratshäuser und Schlösser zu legen. Hoch über städtischen und ländlichen Siedlungen, in einer liminalen Position zwischen Himmel und Erde, lagern diese Archive als latente Ressourcen der lokalen Gedächtniskultur. Neu entdeckt und ergänzt in einem Rhythmus „absichtlicher Zufälligkeit“, typischerweise im Abstand von ein bis zwei Generationen (oft unter großer örtlicher Anteilnahme), bieten sie faszinierende Einblicke in die Selbstdarstellung vergangener Gesellschaften und die von ihren Vertretern zur Übermittlung an die Nachwelt ausgewählten Informationen. Gestützt auf eine Datenbank von bis ins Mittelalter zurückreichenden Einlagen aus (bisher) fast 900 Standorten, untersucht diese erste überregional angelegte Studie die zeitliche Verteilung, das Profil der Schreibenden, Aspekte der Medien- und Materialkultur, die prominentesten Kommunikationsthemen – insbesondere Gebäude, Gesellschaft, Geschichte und Gottesanrufung – sowie epochenübergreifende (Dis-)kontinuitäten. Mit Bezug auf Fallstudien aus Deutschland und der Schweiz sowie Erkenntnisse aus der Gedächtnisforschung, kreisen weitere Überlegungen um Fragen der Begrifflichkeit, methodische Herausforderungen und Funktionen, dies auch in Abgrenzung zu vergleichbaren Traditionsmedien wie Denkmälern oder Grundsteinen. Mit Blick auf ihre distinktive Prägung lokaler Erinnerungskulturen durch Prozesse der Selektion, Repräsentation und Taktierung wird abschließend vorgeschlagen, Turmkugelarchive als „Generationenorte“ zu konzeptualisieren, die eine zeitliche Ausdehnung des kommunikativen Gedächtnisses ermöglichen. Auch wenn das architektonische Stilelement in weiten Teilen Europas Verwendung findet, scheint das Phänomen serieller Einlagen aus noch nicht restlos geklärten Gründen auf (katholische wie protestantische) Gebiete des ehemaligen Heiligen Römischen Reiches Deutscher Nation beschränkt.
Effects of uniform or non-uniform heating at bottom wall on MHD mixed convection in a porous cavity saturated by nanofluid
Authors: Muthukumar Subramanian , Sureshkumar Selvaraj , Malleswaran Arthanari , Muthtamilselvan Murugan , Prem Eswari
Published: June 2021

A numerical investigation on the effects of uniform and non-uniform heating of bottom wall on mixed convective heat transfer in a square porous chamber filled with nanofluid in the appearance of magnetic field is carried out. Uniform or sinusoidal heat source is fixed at the bottom wall. The top wall moves in either positive or negative direction with a constant cold temperature. The vertical sidewalls are thermally insulated. The finite volume approach based on SIMPLE algorithm is followed for solving the governing equations. The different parameters connected with this study are Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 100), Darcy number (10−4 ≤ Da ≤ 10−1), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 70), and the solid volume fraction (0.00 ≤ χ ≤ 0.06). The results are presented graphically in the form of isotherms, streamlines, mid-plane velocities, and Nusselt numbers for the various combinations of the considered parameters. It is observed that the overall heat transfer rate is low at Ri = 100 in the positive direction of lid movement, whereas it is low at Ri = 1 in the negative direction. The average Nusselt number is lowered on growing Hartmann number for all considered moving directions of top wall with non-uniform heating. The low permeability, Da = 10−4 keeps the flow pattern same dominating the magnetic field, whereas magnetic field strongly affects the flow pattern dominating the high Darcy number Da = 10−1. The heat transfer rate increases on enhancing the solid volume fraction regardless of the magnetic field.
Improving the optical link for UVLC using MIMO technique
Authors: AL-Deen Mustafa B. , Ali Mazin Ali A. , Saleh Zeyad A.
Published: June 2021

This paper proposed a theoretical treatment to study underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) system with different modulation schemes by multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) technology in coastal water. MIMO technology provides high-speed data rates with longer distance link. This technique employed to assess the system by BER, Q. factor and data rate under coastal water types. The reliability of the system is examined by the techniques of 1Tx/1Rx, 2Tx/2Rx, 3Tx/3Rx and 4Tx/4Rx. The results shows the proposed technique by MIMO can get the better performance compared with the other techniques in terms of BER. Theoretical results were obtained to compare between PIN and APD photodetectors. Besides, 32-PPM is robust and considers a suitable modulation scheme for obtaining the low BER and high Q. factor in LoS scenarios.
A photonic transmission link with enhanced dynamic range by incorporating phase shifters in dual drive dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator
Authors: Singh Sarika , Arya Sandeep K. , Singla Shelly , Berwal Pulkit
Published: June 2021

A linearization scheme is proposed for microwave photonic link to enlarge spurious free dynamic range using a dual-electrode dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM). This scheme employs phase control method to improve performance of the link by adjusting phase of radio frequency (RF) signals and bias voltages of optical modulator. Optical single sideband modulation is achieved through sub-modulators of dual parallel MZM which increases efficiency of the link. The simulated results show that third order intermodulation distortion is suppressed by 28 dB when the input RF signals are 9.1 and 9.5 GHz and noise floor is at −161 dBm/Hz. The spurious free dynamic range is also improved by 12.6 dB.
Nahuatl, selected vitality indicators and scales of vitality in an Indigenous language community in Mexico
Authors: Gomashie Grace A. , Terborg Roland
Published: June 2021

Scales or measurements of vitality propose various factors to assess the degree of endangerment of a language. Using these measurements offers important insights into the maintenance of a language and identifies the areas in need of support. The current study employed seven scales to assess the vitality of Nahuatl in the language community of Puebla, Mexico. Data on the selected vitality indicators, absolute speaker population, and intergenerational language transmission were collected through questionnaires on linguistic knowledge and home language use. Results showed that five out of the seven scales characterized Nahuatl as not at an immediate risk of endangerment as it had speakers in all age groups and was spoken at home by them. However, there was need for more emphasis on transmitting Nahuatl to the younger generations who made up the majority of the non-Nahuatl speaker population and were more likely to use Spanish than Nahuatl. The approach taken by this study will be of value when assessing other communities facing language endangerment and seeking language maintenance and revitalization.
Transference-Focused Psychotherapy for Adolescents With Personality Disorders
Authors: Normandin Lina , Weiner Alan , Ensink Karin
Published: June 2021

This article presents a conceptualization of personality disorders in adolescence and the adaptation of transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) for personality disordered adolescents (TFP-A). The model of assessment and treatment presented is based on contemporary psychoanalytic object relations theory developed by Otto F. Kernberg and supported by findings from current evidence-based outcome research. We present a method of assessing personality disorders in adolescents that addresses the variability of personality disorder symptoms and traits among adolescents and their instability over time. We then present the goal of TFP-A and its major phases of implementation. A major focus is therapist interventions.
Vico Signifying Nothing
Authors: Casadei Delia
Published: June 2021

This essay offers a reconsideration of Giambattista Vico’s work for scholars interested in history, sound, and aurality. It takes as its point of departure the chronological table that stands at the opening of The New Science, homing in on its blind spots, raw absences, and tangled claims to objectivity. Vico’s understanding of history relies—this essay goes on to argue—on a lively world of aural metaphors involved in the act of its writing: imaginary sounds, meaningless speech, false listenings, along with invented onomatopoeic etymologies. Such unruly sounds lead us to a crucial paradox of Viconian history, one that must confront all historians invested in retrieving and rewriting the stories of those who are lost, erased, and unrepresented: what role does imagination play in the writing of history? Can human invention, imagination, and even falsehood lead us toward new historical findings? The essay closes with a gloss of Vico’s nascent theory of the physical and aural phenomenon of laughter, presented in the Vici vindiciae as a complex pathway between humanity and animality and, what’s more, as a historical interface between incommensurable stages of creaturely life.
DHT causes liver steatosis via transcriptional regulation of SCAP in normal weight female mice
Authors: Seidu Tina , McWhorter Patrick , Myer Jessie , Alamgir Rabita , Eregha Nicole , Bogle Dilip , Lofton Taylor , Ecelbarger Carolyn , Andrisse Stanley
Published: June 2021

Hyperandrogenemia (HA) is a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is an integral element of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) in females. Administering low-dose dihydrotestosterone (DHT) induced a normal weight PCOS-like female mouse model displaying NAFLD. The molecular mechanism of HA-induced NAFLD has not been fully determined. We hypothesized that DHT would regulate hepatic lipid metabolism via increased SREBP1 expression leading to NAFLD. We extracted liver from control and low-dose DHT female mice; and performed histological and biochemical lipid profiles, Western blot, immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and real-time quantitative PCR analyses. DHT lowered the 65 kD form of cytosolic SREBP1 in the liver compared to controls. However, DHT did not alter the levels of SREBP2 in the liver. DHT mice displayed increased SCAP protein expression and SCAP-SREBP1 binding compared to controls. DHT mice exhibited increased AR binding to intron-8 of SCAP leading to increased SCAP mRNA compared to controls. FAS mRNA and protein expression was increased in the liver of DHT mice compared to controls. p-ACC levels were unaltered in the liver. Other lipid metabolism pathways were examined in the liver, but no changes were observed. Our findings support evidence that DHT increased de novo lipogenic proteins resulting in increased hepatic lipid content via regulation of SREBP1 in the liver. We show that in the presence of DHT, the SCAP-SREBP1 interaction was elevated leading to increased nuclear SREBP1 resulting in increased de novo lipogenesis. We propose that the mechanism of action may be increased AR binding to an ARE in SCAP intron-8.
Intelectualismo ético de Platón: relación de gnoseología y ética a partir del libro VII de la República
Authors: Valencia Marin Estiven
Published: June 2021

El conocimiento ha incursionado como tema de gran alcance dadas las múltiples disciplinas quelo evocan y cuyos intereses investigativos incurren en una definición para este. Primerascavilaciones acerca del conocimiento se adelantaron bajo una óptica dualista de materialismo eidealismo, ambas posturas de carácter filosófico que determinaron el pensar de Occidente. Dichoasí, desde la Grecia clásica pensadores como Platón, entre otros clásicos, entronizaron estacuestión, pero dicho tratado estuvo fuertemente vinculado con una reflexión ética de la que Platónno se eximió. Con todo esto, el actual artículo busca describir los postulados gnoseológicos yéticos en Platón con el fin de esclarecer el posible nexo entre conocimiento y práctica humana.
La conciliación entre libertad y necesidad en la Ética de Spinoza
Authors: Villamor Iglesias Alejandro
Published: June 2021

Spinoza presenta en su Ética una ontología en virtud de la cual el hombre no es más que un mododeterminado por otros modos. Nos encontramos, así pues, con una concepción de la naturalezadel hombre que ha sido considerada tradicionalmente como determinista. Tal y como denunciaronalgunos autores como Jacobi o Tschirnhaus, de esta concepción según la cual toda acción humanaes necesaria y está determinada de antemano, se seguiría la ausencia de la responsabilidad moral.Ahora bien, lejos de abandonarnos en un mundo amoral, en la propuesta de Spinoza no sólo estápresente una determinada concepción de la libertad, sino también una concepción normativa dela ética. En consecuencia, en el presente trabajo se mostrará la senda seguida por el autor de laÉtica para llegar a la conclusión de que libertad y necesidad son conceptos compatibles. Esto seráposible tras abordar consecutivamente la concepción antropológica, ontológica y ética spinoziana.
Purpose und Resilienz
Authors:   Pedell,   Renzl
Published: June 2021

Unternehmen stehen vor der Herausforderung von zunehmend unerwarteten Ereignissen und dynamischen Entwicklungen. Resilienz ist ein zentraler Faktor, um dem zu begegnen und gestärkt daraus hervorzugehen. Resilienz entwickelt sich auf der Grundlage von Redundanz, Flexibilität, Schnelligkeit und Lern- und Wandlungsfähigkeit einer Organisation. Ein gemeinsamer Purpose gibt dabei auch in unvorhergesehenen Situationen eine klare Orientierung und trägt damit zur Resilienz bei. Purpose ist im Verhalten der Organisationsmitglieder und der Unternehmens- und Risikokultur sichtbar und wirkt im Innen- und Außenverhältnis.
Wir leben Purpose mit „ONE LAPP“
Authors:   Horváth,   Lapp
Published: June 2021

Matthias Lapp gehört der dritten Generation der Lapp Familie an. Von 2013 bis 2017 verantwortete er als Exportleiter alle LAPP-Vertragspartner. Seit 2017 ist Matthias Lapp CEO der Region LA EMEA (Lateinamerika, Europa, den Mittleren Osten und Afrika).
Purpose durch Nachhaltigkeit: Zukunftsfähige Zweckbestimmung für Unternehmen und Controlling
Authors:   Petersen,   Schaltegger,   Nuzum
Published: June 2021

Spätestens seit Frankl die Sinnorientierung und Wertstrebigkeit des Menschen ins Zentrum seiner Existenzanalyse gestellt hat, ist die Frage nach dem menschlichen Daseinszweck zum Forschungsgegenstand der modernen Psychologie geworden. Damit findet sie Anschluss an Aristoteles, der ethisches Handeln als Streben nach einem gelungenen, glückseligen Leben beschreibt – ein Streben, das folglich nicht altruistisch ist, sondern sowohl dem Nächsten wie zugleich dem eigenen Selbst dient. Ist mit diesem Ansatz auch dem Unternehmen gedient? Und lässt sich der Bezug auf Frankl und Aristoteles jenseits schöner Sonntagsreden im betrieblichen Gefüge rationaler Entscheidungen aufrechterhalten? Diese Fragen stellen sich insbesondere dem Controlling, dessen Kernfunktion die Rationalitätssicherung sein soll.
Nachhaltigkeitscontrolling bei der Bosch-Gruppe
Authors:   Kallweit
Published: June 2021

Purpose zeigt sich auch in der weltweiten CO2-Neutralstellung der Bosch-Gruppe. Wir sind überzeugt: wer erfolgreich sein will, muss nachhaltig handeln, denn die Legitimiation unternehmerischer Tätigkeit ergibt sich im Jahr 2020 nicht mehr nur aus der schieren Umsatzzahl eines Unternehmens, sondern auch über dessen Leistungen im Dreieck der Nachhaltigkeit (Environment, Social, Governance).
Corporate Purpose oder die große Unbekannte
Authors:   Haas,   Kalla,   Vetter
Published: June 2021

Der Purpose als sinnstiftender Daseinsgrund einer Organisation dient als Leitmaxime und entwickelt sich – gerade in Krisenzeiten – zunehmend zum Erfolgsfaktor. Unternehmen etablieren gesellschaftliche Zielsetzungen als Basis der Unternehmensstrategie. Zur gezielten Implementierung und Steuerung des Purpose stehen Unternehmen vor den Herausforderungen, diesen zu messen, zu bewerten und vergleichbar zu machen. Dieser Artikel liefert einen beispielhaften Überblick über die bisherigen Messansätzen für Purpose aus Wissenschaft und Praxis und diskutiert deren praktische Anwendbarkeit sowie Herausforderungen.
Strategy with Purpose
Authors:   Grabner,   Speckbacher
Published: June 2021

Unter Purpose verstehen wir einen klar umrissenen gesellschaftlichen Impact eines unternehmerischen Geschäftsmodells, der über das Erzielen von Gewinn hinausgeht. Der Purpose muss also integraler Bestandteil des Geschäftsmodells sein. Das grenzt Purpose auch vom Konzept der Corporate Social Responsibility ab, das sich viel allgemeiner auf die gesellschaftliche Verantwortung von Unternehmen bezieht. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir auf, wie sich Strategie und Purpose komplementär ergänzen und wie ein Purpose in das Steuerungssystem und das Wertesystem des Unternehmens zu integrieren ist. Abschließend diskutieren wir, inwiefern ein Purpose Innovationen fördern kann.
Purpose Controlling: Public Value in die Balanced Scorecard integrieren
Authors:   Meynhardt,   Frantz
Published: June 2021

Mit dem GemeinwohlAtlas und der Public Value Scorecard stehen neue Instrumente für ein Purpose Controlling zur Verfügung. In Erweiterung der Balanced Scorecard kann damit die gesellschaftliche Wirkung von Projekten, Initiativen und dem Unternehmen insgesamt messbar gemacht werden. Diese Weiterentwicklung ermöglicht die gezielte Einbindung psychologischer und soziologischer Perspektiven in die Controlling Funktion, die nicht zuletzt durch die Purpose-Diskussion auch im Controlling zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen.
Der Dreiklang des Erfolges: Wie Purpose zum kongenialen Partner von Vision und Mission wurde
Authors:   Greiner
Published: June 2021

Seit Langem gehört es zu den Eckpunkten guter Strategiearbeit, dass Unternehmen ihre Mission und ihre Vision artikulieren. Ein drittes Element, welches dezidiert die Leistung des Unternehmens für eine bessere Welt spezifizierte, wurde dabei in vielen Fällen nicht vermisst. Doch nun bahnt sich die „Purpose-Welle“ ihren Weg mit ungeahnter Wucht in die Strategien erfolgreicher Unternehmen. Wie konnte es sein, dass Generationen von Strategen so lange einen so blinden Fleck hatten? Und wie können Sie ihn in Zukunft nachhaltig beheben? Eine Spurensuche.
Comparative study on laccase activity of white rot fungi under submerged fermentation with different lignocellulosic wastes
Authors: An Qi , Qiao Jie , Bian Lu-Sen , Han Mei-Ling , Yan Xun-You , Liu Zi-Zheng , Xie Chun-Yan
Published: June 2021

Different Pleurotus ostreatus and Flammulina velutipes species were compared relative to their ability to produce laccase in submerged fermentation of various lignocellulosic wastes. Fungi cultivation in identical culture conditions revealed wide differences among both species and strains of the same species. The laccase secretion ability of P. ostreatus strains was superior to F. velutipes strains. Maximum laccase production on cottonseed hull, corncob, and poplar wood was secreted by P. ostreatus CY 568, P. ostreatus CCEF 89, and P. ostreatus CY 568, respectively. The nature of lignocellulosic materials played an important role in determining the expression of laccase potential of fungi. The presence of cottonseed hull improved laccase activity and accelerated the rate of enzyme production. Maximum laccase production on cottonseed hull was nearly 1.29-fold and 1.53-fold higher than that on corncob and poplar wood, respectively. Laccase activity was detected in almost all tested strains on cottonseed hull on the first day, while only a few strains on poplar wood and corncob were detected on the first day. These findings will be helpful for selecting the appropriate strain in industrial applications and for optimization of integrated industrial laccase production.
Effect of nanofibrillated cellulose made from enzyme-pretreated bamboo pulp on paper strength
Authors: Jo Hae Min , Lee Ji Young , Kim Su Ho , Lee Yeon Hui
Published: June 2021

The applicability of bleached bamboo kraft pulp (Ba-BKP) was explored as a raw material for the manufacture of nanofibrillated cellulose (EN-NFC) made of enzyme-pretreated pulps and the effects of the EN-NFC on enhancing paper strength. The Ba-BKP was pretreated using an endo-glucanase enzyme at 50 °C and pH 6, after which the EN-NFC was made by micro-grinding. Bleached hardwood kraft pulp (Hw-BKP) was used as a control, and the non-enzymatic refining pretreatment of BKPs was compared with the enzyme pretreatment. The EN-NFC was incorporated into handsheets, and the sheet strengths were measured. The physical properties of the NFC made from the Ba-BKP were similar to those made from the Hw-BKP. The NFC prepared following enzyme pretreatment were smaller and more uniform than those pretreated with refining. The EN-NFC made from the Ba-BKP was effective at enhancing tensile index by 52.7%, and burst index by 210.2% when 2% of EN-NFC was added in the furnish, and those of handsheets containing the EN-NFC made from Hw-BKP showed the similar improvement. Therefore, Ba-BKP can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of EN-NFC that confers similar physical properties and strength enhancement to paper as those made from Hw-BKP.
Effect of xylanase pretreatment on the kraft pulping of poplar
Authors: Akgül Mehmet , Gücüş Mehmet Onurhan , Üner Birol , Atik Celil
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to determine the influence of prehydrolysis of wood chips on the kraft pulping of Populus x euramericana. Optimum cooking conditions were determined by evaluating different alkali concentrations and cooking periods. Xylanase was used to hydrolyze chips before cooking. Prehydrolysis process increased the yield and viscosity of pulp. Consequently, the mechanical properties of paper changed remarkably. In contrast, the optical properties of the unbleached kraft pulp declined due to lignin content.
‘Awâmil Numuww al-Uṣȗliyyah wa at-Taṭarruf wa Istimrâriyyatuhumâ fī Afganistân
Authors: Nukhba Ghulam Mustafa , Rizapoor Habiburrahman
Published: June 2021

الملخص التطرف العنیف الناتج عن الاصولیة يعد واحدًا من أكثر الظواهر تهديدًا لقد تغير السلام في العالم، كما تغيرت أي ظاهرة أخرى في المجتمعات البشرية.الأصولية والتطرف ليس فريدًا بالنسبة للعالم الإسلامي بل يمكن ملاحظته في الأديان الأخرى. ولکن في غضون ذلك، العديد من الطوائف الدينية في العالم الإسلامي في فترة ما بعد الأحداث المعروفة باسم "الربيع العربي"، من أجل الحصول على السلطة وتنفيذ نموذج الحكم الذي يريدون وتشكيل المجتمع الإسلامي المطلوب على أساس تفسيرهم للآيات القرآنية وأحاديث الرسول صلي الله علیه وسلم، بدأت في تجديد قواتها وبدء صراعات عسكرية ومدنية في كثير من الأراضي الإسلامية. أن التطرف ظاهرة عالمية وتاريخية تمت محاربتها بوسائل متعددة، حيث أن جميع الديانات والرسالات السماوية، والفلسفات والنظريات الاجتماعية، تدين التطرف. وتعدّه من أعقد المشكلات والعقبات التي تواجه تقدم البشرية؛ لما تخلّفه من نتائج كارثية، على المستوى الإنساني ّ والحضاري، والتي نتج عنه صدامات وصراعات دموية لم تنته أثارها حتى الآن؛ مما تسبب بالتعاسة للبشرية، وكان على رأسها التطّرف والتعصب والعنف والعدوان. اتبعت فی هذا البحث المنهج التاريخي الوصفي والتحليلي مع استخدام مصادر مكتبية موثوقة التي تهدف تعريف الأصولية والتطرف، ونشأتهما وتحديد عواملهما وأسباب النمو واستمرار هما وإيجاد طرق لمنع التطرف واستمراره في أفغانستان. أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن الأزمات الداخلية والسياسية والاقتصادية والثقافية والاجتماعية وغزو الثقافة الغربية من جهة، وتدخل وكالات الاستخبارات الإقليمية والدولية مثل ISI وغيرها ووجود قوات الناتو اوامریکا من جهة أخرى، عوامل في نمو واستمرارية التطرف والأصولية في أفغانستان
Partisipasi Organisasi Massa Dalam Pemilihan Gubernur Dan Wakil Gubernur Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta Pada Tahun 2017 Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Toni Toni , Taufiqurachman Taufiqurachman
Published: June 2021

Partisipasi ormas daerah dalam Pilkada DKI Jakarata Tahun 2017 patut diperhitungkan. Hal ini dikarenakan dalam pemilihan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubenur, ormas daerah dinilai mempunyai peran begitu penting bagi terlaksananya Pilkada di berbagai daerah. Forum Betawi Rempug (FBR) merupakan salah satu ormas daerah yang berpartisipasi dalam Pilkada DKI Jakarta. Ormas ini berperan dalam mendukung dan mensukseskan calon pasangan gubenur dan wakil gubenur dalam Pilkada tersebut.Penelitian ini fokus pada partisipasi organisasi masa dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah. Partisipasi ormas penting untuk diteliti megingat keberhasilan dari sebuah pemilu dapat dilihat dari tingkat partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan literatur dan empiris. Adapun data penelitian diperoleh dari beberapa peraturan, buku, artikel, jurnal, surat kabar,  dan fenomena di lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah adanya pengaruh etnis yang menjadi salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan FBR mendukung salah satu pasangan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubenur DKI Jakarta, dukungan FBR disebabkan oleh pengaruh figur dari pasangan Gubenur dan Wakil Gubernur DKI Jakarta. Juga peran pimpinan FBR berpengaruh bagi aspirasi masyarakat betawi, sehingga berdampak bagi kemajuan budaya betawi maupun perekonomian masyarakat betawi.                                                                                      Kata Kunci : Partisipasi, Ormas, Pemilihan Kepala Daerah
Simulation-Based Discharge Education Program for Caregivers of Children With Tracheostomies
Authors: Yuen Anthony , Rodriguez Normaliz , Osorio Snezana Nena , Nataraj Courtney , Ward Mary J. , Clapper Timothy C. , Abramson Erika , Ching Kevin
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To design, implement, and evaluate a simulation-based education (SBE) program for caregivers of children with tracheostomy.

METHODS:

Self-reported comfort and confidence in knowledge as well as tracheostomy care skills were assessed before and after a single SBE session for 24 consecutively enrolled caregivers of children with tracheostomies aged <21 years who were hospitalized at an academic medical center from August 2018 to September 2019 by using a survey and checklist, respectively. Mean individual and aggregated scores were compared by using a paired samples t-test, and association between instruments was determined with Spearman correlation.

RESULTS:

Post-SBE, there was a significant improvement in both self-reported comfort and confidence (P < .001) and checklist assessment of most tracheostomy care skills (P < .001). There were no significant correlations between caregivers’ self-reported comfort and confidence and skills pre-SBE (ρ = 0.13) or post-SBE (ρ = 0.14). Cronbach’s α coefficients for the survey ranged from 0.93 to 0.95 and for the checklist from 0.58 to 0.67. Seventeen percent of caregivers competently completed the entire checklist post-SBE, with most caregivers missing 1 or 2 critical skills such as obturator removal after tracheostomy insertion.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this pilot study, we demonstrated successful design and implementation of an SBE program for caregivers of children with tracheostomies, revealing improvements in self-reported comfort and confidence as well as in their performance of tracheostomy care skills. Further optimization is needed, and caregivers may benefit from additional SBE sessions to achieve complete skills competency. Future research on the long-term impact of SBE and the peer-to-peer support element of the program is needed.
Safety Events in Children’s Hospitals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Masonbrink Abbey R. , Harris Mitch , Hall Matt , Kaiser Sunitha V. , Hogan Alexander H. , Parikh Kavita , Clark Nicholas A. , Rangel Shawn
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted hospitals, potentially affecting quality and safety. Our objective was to compare pediatric hospitalization safety events during the pandemic versus previous years.

METHODS:

In this retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations in the Pediatric Health Information System, we compared Pediatric Quality Indicator (PDI) rates from March 15 to May 31, 2017–2019 (pre-COVID-19), with those from March 15 to May 31, 2020 (during COVID-19). Generalized linear mixed-effects models with adjustment for patient characteristics (eg, diagnosis, clinical severity) were used.

RESULTS:

There were 399 113 discharges pre-COVID-19 and 88 140 during COVID-19. Unadjusted PDI rates were higher during versus pre-COVID-19 for overall PDIs (6.39 vs 5.05; P < .001). In adjusted analyses, odds of postoperative sepsis were higher during COVID-19 versus pre-COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio 1.28 [95% confidence interval 1.04–1.56]). The remainder of the PDIs did not have increased adjusted odds during compared with pre-COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS:

Postoperative sepsis rates increased among children hospitalized during COVID-19. Efforts are needed to improve safety of postoperative care for hospitalized children.
COVID-19–Associated Pulmonary Embolism in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Chima Melissa , Williams Duane , Thomas Neal J. , Krawiec Conrad
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with pulmonary embolism in adults, but the clinical circumstances surrounding its presence are unknown in children. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of pulmonary embolism in pediatric subjects with COVID-19, evaluate patient characteristics, and describe treatments applied.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX electronic health record data of subjects aged <18 years who were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code U07.1). Pulmonary embolism was identified by using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code I26. We additionally collected data on age, sex, race, ethnicity, all diagnostic codes, medications, procedures, laboratory results, comorbidities, and outcomes.

RESULTS:

During the study period, 24 723 pediatric subjects were reported to have a COVID-19 infection diagnosis among 41 health care organizations, of which 693 (2.8%) were hospitalized. Eight subjects (0.03% overall and 1.2% of hospitalized patients) were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The median age (25th to 75th percentile) of patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism was 16.5 years, and median (25th to 75th percentile) BMI was 22.1 (19.6–47.9). Three (37.5%) received critical care services, and 1 (12.5%) underwent mechanical ventilation. Five (62.5%) subjects had potentially significant risk factors (obesity, malignancy, recent surgery, and oral contraceptive use). All patients received anticoagulation, but none underwent thrombolysis. There were no reported deaths.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although pulmonary embolism is diagnosed less commonly in children than in adults, its occurrence appears to be more frequent in children hospitalized with COVID-19, as compared with previous reports in hospitalized children in general. All patients survived, with only 1 requiring mechanical ventilation.
Moderate Aortic Stenosis: What is it and When Should We Intervene?
Authors: Badiani Sveeta , Bhattacharyya Sanjeev , Aziminia Nikoo , Treibel Thomas A , Lloyd Guy
Published: June 2021

Current guidelines recommend aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis in the presence of symptoms or a left ventricular ejection fraction <50%. However, patients with less than severe aortic stenosis may also experience symptoms and recent literature suggests that the prognosis is not as benign as previously reported. There are no recommendations for patients with moderate aortic stenosis and left ventricular dysfunction, despite the high associated morbidity and mortality. There is also some evidence that these patients may benefit from early aortic valve intervention. It is recognised that aortic stenosis not only affects the valve but also has a complex myocardial response. This review discusses the natural history of moderate aortic stenosis along with the role of multimodality imaging in risk stratification in these patients.
Digital Media and Youth Suicide: Analysis of Media Reporting on “Blue Whale” Case
Authors: Sánchez-Muros Patricia-Sonsoles , Jiménez-Rodrigo María-Luisa
Published: June 2021

The media play an important role in suicide prevention, which has led to the development of media guidelines for reporting on suicides. Engagement with such recommendations is analysed here. A case study has been conducted of the “Blue Whale Challenge,” an Internet “game” related to self-harm among adolescents, and the public alarm triggered by the related media coverage. Quantitative and qualitative content analysis was carried out of the news stories published in Spain by the mainstream digital media in 2017. The findings indicate the widespread presence of malpractice (sensationalist language and detailed descriptions of methods), which may contribute to copycatting and indicate poor compliance with international guidelines on best practice (such as providing information on reliable and contextualised help resources available). These results underscore the importance of including the role and function of the media in the prevention of this public health problem.
Radio, music and podcast in the consumption agenda of Colombian adolescents and youth in the digital sonosphere
Authors: Barrios-Rubio Andrés
Published: June 2021

This article identifies the peculiarities of audio consumption (radio, music and podcast) by Colombian adolescents and youth on their screen devices, especially the smartphone. The irruption in the digital ecosystem of radio and sound platforms redefines the industry’s relationship with new audiences. The body of research, classified into three age groups (puberty –10 to 14 years–, middle –15 to 19 years–, and full –20 to 24 years–), is made up of students in basic secondary education and university students who were consulted through a quantitative methodology (700 surveys) and a qualitative one (8 focus groups with 48 participants), which made it possible to recognize the routines and the sound agenda of the subjects of study. The results of the research outline the profile of the Colombian audio consumer, whose habits of listening to the radio alternate times of attention to the broadcast on air with the consumption of apps, websites and music distribution platforms, which evidences their digital skills and the creation of a menu that combines music, sports and entertainment content. It is a media diet built on the mediation of technological devices and the influence of family and virtual communities. The sound component is the backbone of the relationship between industry and listener, but visual and iconographic elements are added to reinforce the bonds with brand, media and producer, regardless of where audio meets audience.
El precepto penal, una vía para prevenir el delito y reparar el escándalo
Authors: Pérez-Madrid Francisca
Published: June 2021

El precepto penal puede ser un medio especialmente adecuado para reparar el escándalo, restablecer la justicia y conseguir la enmienda del fiel, entre otras razones por sus rasgos característicos de personalidad y temporalidad. No obstante, se trata de un instrumento poco utilizado quizá por desconocimiento o por dificultad para entenderlo en el conjunto del CIC.

El Vademécum de la Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe sobre algunas cuestiones procesales ante los casos de abuso sexual aconseja su utilización.

Según los datos disponibles, el proyecto de reforma del Libro VI del Código de Derecho Canónico favorece el uso del precepto penal, incluso considera que su aplicación será necesaria en determinados supuestos.
Casa, Camino y Ciudad Comunidades alternativas y contra hegemónicas
Authors: Ramírez Pedro Robledo
Published: June 2021

En Hechos, se encuentran comunidades alternativas al orden social prevalecienteen las ciudades. Es contra el orden del imperio romano, que se muestrauna actitud de oposición y crítica. Mediante sumarios y algunas narrativas,se describe el estilo de vida que distinguió a las comunidades cristianasy judeocristianas del período apostólico entre el 30 y 70 d. C. Particularmenteel estudio se enfocará en las iglesias establecidas en Palestina y en Siria. Elmovimiento sobre Jesús resucitado se expresa en medio de una pluralidadcultural. La espiritualidad y testimonio de hombres y mujeres se consolidancon el impulso del Espíritu Santo. Mediante un proceso transformación, secontempla el paso del judaísmo al cristianismo. Ante la influencia de la coyunturade la sociedad grecorromana, las primeras comunidades judeocristianasy no judías emergen, se organizan y se muestran como una entidad deresistencia e incidencia social.
Analysis of the World Scientific Production on the Topic of Industry 4.0 From 1990 to 2020
Authors: Teixeira de Souza Marina , Almada Santos Fernando César
Published: June 2021

Objective – This study aims to analyze the scientific production on the topic of Industry 4.0.Theoretical framework – The work presented a literary review about the concept, how Industry 4.0. has developed and its characteristics.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology proposed for this work is based on bibliographic research and the application of bibliometric procedures.Findings – Eight hundred and fifty articles were found up to 2020. The publications involved 2,625 authors, from 75 countries, 1,084 institutions and 201 different journals. Highlighting that 88.3% of the articles were published in the last three years. The countries that stood out the most were China and Italy, and the most prolific journal was Applied Sciences Basel, with 59 articles. The most cited article received 343 citations and the largest production per author was nine articles. The topic has risen significantly in recent years with empirical and theoretical studies.Research, Practical & Social implications – The topic is of exponential interest for academics, researchers and managers and for directly impacting business models and organizational strategies, the study involved presenting the development and trends, in an orderly manner, of Industry 4.0 in the period from 1990 to 2020.Originality/value – The originality of the study comes from the gap identified, which corresponds to the need for a bibliometric study that presented the main countries, years of publications, most cited and most published authors, periodicals and recurring keywords, in addition to identifying developments and trends in this topic.Keywords – Industry 4.0. Fourth Industrial Revolution. Trends.