bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of azo dye degradation by oxidoreductase, laccase and peroxidase of Acinetobacter junii: A computational study
Authors: Ishaque Sidra , Mushtaq Mahnoor , Bano Syeda Sheher , Batool Hina , Mohsin Hareem , Zaid Muhammad , Fatima Kaneez
Published: June 2022

Textile industry releases substantial quantities of toxic azo dyes in water leading to severe environmental pollution globally. Many microbial enzymes are known to successfully oxidize the complex chemical structure of azo dyes, converting them to less toxic forms. This study gives an insight into the dye degrading abilities of three enzymes (oxidoreductase, laccase, and peroxidase) of Acinetobacter junii and focuses on their comparative analysis using computational tools. A total of six azo dyes, including Acid orange 19, Dispersed red 1, Dispersed red 13, Acid violet 7, Reactive brilliant red, and Congo red, were selected. The dye degradation was observed using molecular docking analysis. The 3D structures of enzymes were modeled using I-TASSER, and the Ramachandran plot marked these models as stable having more than 80% residues in the favorable and allowed regions. The molecular docking was followed by the selection of most stable enzyme-dye complexes based upon the binding affinities and molecular interactions. This comparative analysis revealed that oxidoreductase and laccase have significant binding affinities (>-5kcal/mol) with all azo dyes and form the most stable complexes and therefore are likely to be used for the large-scale analysis of azo dyes. These results were supported by the molecular dynamics simulations. Further experimental analysis may help the selection of suitable enzymes for large-scale bioremediation of the toxic azo dyes in an industrial setup.
Immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose fractionation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Bingyi , Huang Xiaotong , Gao Huizhi , Leung Nancy , Tsang Tim , Cowling Benjamin
Published: June 2022

Background: Dose fractionation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine could effectively accelerate global vaccine coverage, while supporting evidence of efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety are unavailable, especially with emerging variants.Methods: We systematically reviewed clinical trials reported dose-finding results and estimated the dose-response relationship of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) of COVID-19 vaccines using generalized additive model. We predicted the vaccine efficacy against both ancestral and variants, using previously reported correlates of protection and cross-reactivity. We also reviewed and compared seroconversion to nAbs, T-cell responses and safety profiles between fractional and standard dose groups.Results: We found that dose fractionation of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines could induce SARS-CoV-2 specific nAbs and T-cells that confer a reasonable level of protection (i.e., vaccine efficacy > 50%) against ancestral strains and variants up to Omicron. Safety profiles of fractional doses were non-inferior to the standard dose.Conclusion: Dose fractionation of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines may be safe and effective.
Asymmetric impact of Agriculture Ecosystem on Corban Dioxide emission evidence from China: Using Asymmetric and Non-linear Approach
Authors: Ali Imad , Hauping Sun , Ali Hashmat , Tariq Gulzara , Khan Khanbaz , Khan Muhammad Sohail
Published: June 2022

The worldwide ecology has recently changed substantially due to rising carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, concerns about climate change, global warming, and environmental damage have surfaced. Humans, as well as the agricultural ecosystem, are presumably the most sensitive to these concerns. The study focuses on the link between the China's agricultural ecology and carbon dioxide emissions in this context. Annual time-series data from 1961 to 2019 were used in this investigation. Modern approaches such as Johansen, NARDL, and asymmetric and symmetric Granger causality, for example, were used. According to the Johansen test and the NARDL model, carbon dioxide emissions and agricultural ecosystems are co-integrated. According to the NARDL model, a 1% rise in Agriculture GDP, Animal heads, and Cereal crop harvested use will increase carbon dioxide emissions by 0.254, 0.82, and 5.38 percent, respectively, in the short run. The residual diagnostics assessments advise that the NARDL model is stable, reliable, and credible in the present form. The symmetric granger causality results reveal a unidirectional causality between carbon dioxide and agriculture GDP, rural populations, and pesticide imports. However, the granger causality of corban dioxide emissions with agricultural land use is symmetrically bidirectional. As a result, it is recommended that the government take proactive measures to limit the danger of environmental pollution and degradation by implementing coordinated tactics, notably crop management and pesticide imported into the country.
A systematic review of cost-utility analyses of screening methods in latent tuberculosis infection in high-risk populations
Authors: Mahon James Matthew , Beale Sophie , Holmes Hayden , Arber Mick , Nikolayevskyy Vladyslav , Alagna Riccardo , Manissero Davide , Dowdy David , Migliori Giovanni Battista , Sotgiu Giovanni , Duarte Raquel
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends that testing and treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) should be undertaken in high-risk groups using either interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) or a tuberculin skin test (TST). As IGRAs are more expensive than TST, an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of IGRAs can guide decision makers on the most appropriate choice of test for different high-risk populations. This current review aimed to provide the most up to date evidence on the cost-effectiveness evidence on LTBI testing in high-risk groups – specifically evidence reporting the costs per QALY of different testing strategies.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE and NHS-EED was undertaken from 2011 up to March 2021. Studies were screened and extracted by two independent reviewers. The study quality was assessed using the Bias in Economic Evaluation Checklist (ECOBIAS). A narrative synthesis of the included studies was undertaken.ResultsThirty-two studies reported in thirty-three documents were included in this review. Quality of included studies was generally high, although there was a weakness across all studies referencing sources correctly and/or justifying choices of parameter values chosen or assumptions where parameter values were not available. Inclusions of IGRAs in testing strategies was consistently found across studies to be cost-effective but this result was sensitive to underlying LTBI prevalence rates. ConclusionWhile some concerns remain about uncertainty in parameter values used across included studies, the evidence base since 2010 has grown with modelling approaches addressing the weakness pointed out in previous reviews but still reaching the same conclusion that IGRAs are likely to be cost-effective in high-income countries for high-risk populations with. Evidence is also required on the cost-effectiveness of different strategies in low to middle income countries and countries with high TB burden.
Effect of inorganic nitrate or nitrite supplementation on exercise capacity for heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang He , Fan Yixuan , Li Qiuyi , Wang Anlu , Zhang Jie , Li Jingen , Chen Zhuo , Xu Hao
Published: June 2022

Background: Some studies showed beneficial effects for exercise capacity of inorganic nitrates or nitrites (INNs) in heart failure (HF). However, the evidence is inconsistent. Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate effects of INNs on exercise intolerance for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods: Seven databases were searched from inception until September 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing effects of INNs for HFrEF or HFpEF. RCTs comparing INNs with placebo, no treatment, or organic nitrates in patients. Primary outcomes were parameters of the exercise test. Secondary outcomes were N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-Pro-BNP), cardiac function, and quality of life.Results: Four RCTs with 43 patients in HFrEF and seven RCTs with 224 patients in HFpEF were included with high quality. The meta-analysis showed INNs didn’t improve the muscle function of peak power in HFrEF, or peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) in HFrEF; neither in HFpEF. In HFpEF group, INNs significantly decreased right atrial pressure, systolic blood pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure during rest and exercise. No effect of INNs on NT-Pro-BNP, quality of life, or diastolic cardiac function. No serious adverse event was reported. Conclusions: INNs don’t improve exercise capacity in HF; however, they improved hemodynamic status, especially in HFpEF patients. More high-quality large-sample trials are needed to provide evidence for clinical application.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020210266
Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of some novel ϒ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitors
Authors: Shrivastava Sushant K. , Sinha Ojaswi , Kumar Munish , Waiker Digambar Kumar , Verma Akash , Tripathi Prabhash Nath , Bhardwaj Bhagwati , Saraf Poorvi
Published: June 2022

In our present work some novel substituted 4-phenyl-5-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their γ-aminobutyric acid-aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibition and in-vivo anticonvulsant activity. Among all the synthesized derivatives, compound 7f was observed as the most potent and competitive inhibitor of GABA-AT (IC50 = 46.29 ± 3.19 µM, Ki = 0.106 ± 0.004 µM). The in-vivo anticonvulsant activity against maximum electroshock (MES) and PTZ, induced seizures test of compound 7f, was observed very much significant (P < 0.05) in comparison with standard Vigabatrin and have shown an increase in the level of GABA in the cortex region of the brain. Th ex-vivo studies have also suggested reduced tissue necrosis. Finally, In-silico molecular docking and dynamics studies of compound 7f has shown that it forms desired amino acid residue interactions with the GABA-AT and was stable for 50 ns in the active site pocket of the enzyme.
Is the Retromandibular approach a suitable approach to anatomical reduction of unilateral condylar fracture? a prospective non-randomized cohort study
Authors: Mohamed Abdo Ahmed Saleh , Qi Hedeng , Lin Zhaoyu , Sakran Karim Ahmed , Pan Chaobin
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the retromandibular approach (RMA) to produce three-dimensional (3-D) reduction of the unilateral subcondylar fracture and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) functional implication. Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed. Twenty-nine patients with unilateral subcondylar fracture underwent consecutively Open Reduction, and Internal Fixation. The cohorts were divided into two groups; RMA group (n = 16, 55.17%) and submandibular approach SMA group (n = 13, 44.82%). The primary outcome was the anatomical 3-D reduction of the condyle. The secondary outcome was to compare the condyle position and inclination finding with TMJ outcomes. Helkimo Index score was used to evaluate the TMJ outcome at six months postoperatively. Result: There was a significant difference between the mediolateral condylar inclination, condylar medial and vertical positions when RMA compared with SMA groups (P < 0.05). The medial joint space was correlated with the medial condylar position in both groups (P < 0.05). The Helkimo Ai and Di was associated with mediolateral condylar inclination in SMG; however, Helkimo Ai was found to be correlated with the RMA group. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that the RMA could re-establish the anatomical position of the unilateral subcondylar fracture in patients undergoing ORIF. The clinical outcome of the TMJ with RMA was better than SMA
Donor lung inflation with hydrogen gas during cold storage alleviates energy metabolism disorder in lung grafts by protecting mitochondrial function in rats
Authors: Quan Lini , Xing Entong , Nie Chunyan , Zheng Panpan , Kang Jiyu , Zhou Huacheng
Published: June 2022

Background
Lung inflation with hydrogen improves the quality of donor lungs by mitigating ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the underlying mechanism of hydrogen remains uncertain. We investigated whether the protective effects of lung inflation with 3% hydrogen during the cold ischemia phase is related to affecting energy metabolism in lung grafts of rats.
Method
Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: sham group (underwent thoracotomy without lung transplantation), control group (donor lungs were deflated at 4 for 2 hours), oxygen group (donor lungs were inflated with 40% oxygen mixed gas for 2 hours during cold storage), and hydrogen group (inflating the donor lungs with 3% hydrogen + 40% oxygen containing mixed gas). Orthotopic left lung transplantation was performed in control group, oxygen group, and hydrogen group, followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Lung grafts were assayed for static compliance, histological, lactic acid content, pyruvic acid content, ATP content, mitochondrial respiratory complex I to IV activity, and reactive oxygen species content.
Results
Compared with the control group and oxygen group, hydrogen group reduced pyruvate and lactic acid contents and increased adenosine triphosphate contents in lung grafts. Furthermore, hydrogen improved mitochondrial morphology, increased mitochondrial complex enzyme I, II, and III activity, and reduced reactive oxygen species contents in lung grafts when comparing with the control group and the oxygen group. The severity of pulmonary injury, static compliance, and the PaO2/FiO2 of lung grafts in the hydrogen group and the oxygen group were comparable.
Conclusion
Donor Lung inflation with 3% hydrogen during cold storage is associated with reduced anaerobic metabolism level and improvements of mitochondrial morphology and function in lung grafts.
High-Intensity Interval Training leads to reduced testosterone and increased estrogen levels in young women
Authors: Ramadan Wael , Xirouchaki Chrysovalantou E. , Razek Medhat Kasem Abdel , Alim Mariam Abu
Published: June 2022

Background: Hormone levels can be determined according the prevalence of a balance between generation metabolism and clearance rates. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) can affect this balance through a variety of mechanisms, including competition-associated stress, diet, body composition, heat production and hypoxia. Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of HIIT on the Health hormones of femininity and fertility in young women. Methods: The study was comprised of Eighteen females aged 18.06 ± 0.128 years old. The participants were subjected to an eight-week training program (3 sessions/week, two hours (h) after lunch). Participants underwent basal pre-and post-exercise intervention tests, such as reproductive and trophic hormones. Results: The results revealed that 143.16% increased estrogen levels and a 62.12% reduction in testosterone levels . No significant differences were detected in Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Prolactin (PRL) between participants. Conclusions: HIIT exercise training in young women decreases testosterone levels and increases estrogen levels, with no effect on trophic hormones (LH, PRL).
Efficacy and safety of total glucosides of paeony in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers: a single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Liu Zijian , Guo Xiang , Li Shufang , Lu Mingxing , Guo Qianyun , Liu Xingyun , Wang Yutian , Han Ying , Liu Hongwei
Published: June 2022

Clinical RelevanceRecurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) with high occurrence frequency seriously affects the daily life of patients, but there is a lack of long-term effective and safe drugs. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) as a traditional Chinese medicine is worth exploring for the treatment of RAU.Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TGP capsules in the treatment of RAU.Methods This study was registered in chictr.org.cn with the registration number ChiCTR1900025623. Patients who visited the Department of Oral Mucosa, Peking University Stomatological Hospital from June 2019 to April 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were included. Subjects were randomly assigned to TGP or placebo group, asked to record ulcer severity, medication and adverse reactions in the form of diary or apps every day, treated with 1.8g/day for 24 weeks and observed for a total of 36 weeks. The primary outcome was monthly ulcer-free interval. The secondary outcome included monthly number of ulcers, monthly area of ulcers and pain accessed by visual analogue scoring (VAS). ResultsA total of 40 individuals were assigned to the TGP group and 39 to the placebo group. The dropout rate was 18.18%. In the TGP group, the monthly ulcer-free interval was significantly longer than baseline (median, 9.6 days) since week 13-24 (median, 18.5 days) (P < 0.05), and after discontinuation it was further prolonged (median, 24.7 days) than week 13-24 (P < 0.05). Besides, the monthly ulcer-free interval was longer in the TGP group than in the placebo group (median, 15.9 days) at week 25 – 36 (P < 0.001). There were better improvements in monthly number of ulcers, monthly area of ulcers and VAS in the TGP group at week 25 – 36 (P < 0.001). Conclusion TGP capsule had good therapeutic effect on RAU with frequent attack without obvious adverse reactions.
Physicochemical characterizations of nanocellulose isolated from kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata) for potential packaging applications
Authors: Love Reid , Bangar Sneh , Bridges William S. , Darby Duncan O. , Doh Hansol , Whiteside William S.
Published: June 2022

Flexible packaging is an integral part of the food supply chain due to its unique thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties. The many advantages (e.g., lightweight, product protection, reduction in food waste, communication medium, etc.) come with certain drawbacks (low recyclability rate, pollution of ecosystems, etc.). Still, the heavy reliance of the food industry on these products, many of them being unsustainable plastics derived from petrochemicals, is unlikely to diminish in the foreseeable future. Therefore, more sustainable alternatives that do not sacrifice performance (machinability, shelf-life, etc.) are needed before pollution becomes irreversible and public outcry insurmountable. Nanocellulose, especially in the form of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), can be incorporated into sustainable polymer matrices to enhance mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. More research to find novel biomasses for CNC extraction would be welcomed by industry. One potential biomass source for the extraction of nanocellulose is the invasive deciduous perennial: kudzu (peuraria montana var. lobata). An industrial benefit for this agricultural nuisance may exist, however there has not been any formal research related to kudzu CNCs. The purpose of this research is to extract cellulose nanocrystals from kudzu and characterize them to evaluate their efficacy as an additive in degradable packaging solutions.
Cholecystectomy reduces the risk of myocardial and cerebral infarction in patients with gallstone-related infection
Authors: Park Seon Mee , Kim Hyun Jung , Kang Tae Uk , Swan Heather , Ahn Hyeong Sik
Published: June 2022

Aim: We compared the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) or cerebral infarction (CI) in patients with or without-gallstone-related infection (GSI) and change in the risk following cholecystectomy.Methods: GSI (n=84,467) and non-GSI (n=406,800) patients with age- and sex-matched controls (n=4,912,670) were identified from Korean population based data. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of MI or CI were analyzed in both groups treated with or without cholecystectomy. Subgroup analysis was performed for both sex and different ages. Results: The risk of MI or CI was higher in the GSI group than in the non-GSI group (aHR for MI; 1.32 vs. 1.07, aHR for CI; 1.24 vs. 1.06, respectively). The risk reduction rate of MI following cholecystectomy was 11.4% in the GSI group, whereas it was 0% in the non-GSI group. The risk of CI after cholecystectomy was more reduced in the GSI group than in the non-GSI group (16.1% and 4.7%, respectively). The original risk of MI or CI in patients with gallstone and risk reduction rates following cholecystectomy were higher in females and younger patients than in males and older patients.Conclusion: Increased risk of MI or CI and greater risk reduction following cholecystectomy were seen in patients with GSI.
Clinical Course of Acute Exacerbation of Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Furuta Katsuyuki , Fujimoto Daichi , Matsunashi Atsushi , Morimoto Takeshi , Tanaka Masanori , Shibaki Ryota , Shimada Yuri , Nagata Kazuma , Tomii Keisuke , Yamamoto Nobuyuki
Published: June 2022

No large-scale studies have reported on the clinical course of acute exacerbation of fibrosing interstitial lung disease (AE-FILD). We aimed to elucidate the clinical course of AE-FILD. We retrospectively included patients admitted with AE-FILD diagnosis. The clinical courses of AE-FILD were classified as consistent improvement after response to treatment (responder group); no response to treatment (non-responder group); improvement after treatment followed by worsening respiratory status not attributable to AE-FILD (complication group); and improvement after treatment followed by worsening respiratory status attributable to AE-FILD relapse (second-attack group). Among 340 patients, 123 died within 90 days, 265 responded, and 75 were refractory to initial treatment. Among patients who responded to treatment, 191, 26, 46, and 2 belonged to the responder, complication, second-attack, and unknown groups, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that high lactate dehydrogenase, high C-reactive protein, and low PaO2/FiO2 were associated with 90-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] 2.27, p = 0.002; OR 2.01, p = 0.008; and OR 1.70, p = 0.042, respectively). Of patients who responded to treatment, a second attack was strongly associated with 90-day mortality (OR 18.54, p < 0.001). AE-FILD has a heterogeneous clinical course. Importantly, worsening of respiratory condition despite an initial response to treatment is common.
Genome-wide methylation profiling identify hypermethylated HOXL subclass genes as potential markers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma detection
Authors: Yu Qiuning , Xia Namei , Zhao Yanteng , Jin Huifang , Chen Renyin , Ye Fanglei , Chen Liyinghui , Xie Ying , Wan Kangkang , Zhou Jun , Zhou Dihan , Lv Xianping
Published: June 2022

Background：Numerous studies have revealed aberrant DNA methylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, they often focused on the partial genome, which resulted in an inadequate understanding of the shaped methylation features and the lack of available methylation markers for this disease.Methods: The current study investigated the methylation profiles between ESCC and paired normal samples using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) data and obtained a group of differentially methylated CpGs (DMC), differentially methylated regions (DMR), and differentially methylated genes (DMG). The DMGs were then verified in independent datasets and Sanger sequencing in our custom samples. Finally, we attempted to evaluate the performance of these genes as methylation markers for the classification of ESCC and multiple cancer types.Results: We obtained 438,558 DMCs, 15,462 DMRs, and 1,568 DMGs. The four significantly enriched gene families of DMGs were CD molecules, NKL subclass, HOXL subclass, and Zinc finger C2H2-type. The HOXL subclass homeobox genes were observed extensively hypermethylated in ESCC and nine other cancer types. The HOXL-score estimated by HOXC10 and HOXD1 methylation showed good ability in discriminating ESCC from normal samples, while the methylation of GSX1 displayed potential utility for pan-cancer detection.Conclusions: We observed widespread hypomethylation events in ESCC, and the hypermethylated HOXL subclass homeobox genes presented promising applications for the early detection of multiple cancer types.
Tumor-derived Exosomal HOTAIRM1 Regulates SPON2 in CAFs to Promote Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhipeng , Bian Chengyu , Huang Jingjing , Li Xiang , Chen Liang , Xie Xueying , Xia Yang , Yin Rong , Wang Jun
Published: June 2022

Objective: SPON2 is one of the extracellular matrix proteins, which is closely related to the progression of a variety of tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its upstream regulation mechanism remains unclear. Our research aims to find the specific regulatory pathway of SPON2 by exploring the potential crosstalk between tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor microenvironment (TME) of NSCLC. Methods: We analyzed T1 lung adenocarcinoma samples from TCGA and screened extracellular matrix proteins that indicate poor prognosis. Expression level of SPON2 was verified by qRT-PCR in clinical samples. The exosomes of NSCLC cell supernatant were extracted and identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscope, western blots. The exosomes and CAFs were co-cultured, and cell migration and Matrigel invasion assay were used to evaluate the effect of CAFs on the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. The interaction between LncRNA and miRNA was verified by Targetscan prediction, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP). Results: We found that the expression of SPON2 was up-regulated in clinical T1a stage NSCLC patients. The expression of lnc HOTAIRM1 (HOTAIRM1) in exosomes secreted by NSCLC tissues increased. After exosomal HOTAIRM1 entered CAFs, HOTAIRM1 can adsorb miR-328-5p to up-regulate the expression of SPON2 in CAFs. Up-regulation of SPON2 in CAFs could promote the metastasis and invasion of NSCLC cells. Conclusion Tumor-derived exosomal HOTAIRM1 can transfer into CAFs and competitively adsorb miR-328-5p, and regulate the SPON2 expression of CAFs cells, ultimately promote the progression of NSCLC. The discovery of this regulatory pathway can provide a new potential therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
RBM10, a new potential RBP function, recruits METTL3 to induce N6-methyladenosine-MALAT1-dependent modification on inhibiting the invasion and migration of NSCLC
Authors: Cao Yingshu , Di Xin , Cong Shan , Tian Chang , Wang Yan , Jin Xin , Zhao Min , Zhou Xijia , Li Ranwei , Wang Ke
Published: June 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown that RBM10 is a potential tumor suppressor protein that can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of NSCLC. RBM10 can bind and modify RNA at the post transcriptional level.Method and results: Transwell and cell wound healing assay showed that RBM10 significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of NSCLC. CLIP-seq showed that among all RBM10 binding RNAs, lncRNA MALAT1 with high m6A methylation in lung cancer had the highest binding peak among all non-coding RNAs. RNA Immunoprecipitation has verified the direct combination of RBM10 and MALAT1. The rescue experiment confirmed that RBM10 affected the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR passway protein, the invasion and migration ability by regulating MALAT1. MeRIP-qPCR confirmed that RBM10 could inhibit MALAT1 m6A methylation levels by recruiting METTL3.Conclusion: These results suggest that RBM10, as an RNA-binding protein, may inhibit m6A methylation of MALAT1 by recruiting METTL3, and affect phosphorylation of the downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by binding and regulating MALAT1, ultimately affecting the invasion and migration of NSCLC.
Prevalence of Undernutrition and Associated Factors among Patients with Cardiac Diseases in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Feleke Atsedemaryam , Chane Yawukal , Azale Telake
Published: June 2022

Background
Under-nutrition among patients with cardiac disease is a public health challenge globally, particularly in developing nations including our country. Cardiac cachexia is recently receiving growing attention as modern treatment options prevent early death from cardiac events and more patients live with chronic compensated heart failure. However, information on the magnitude in developing countries specifically in the study area is very scarce.
Methods
Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 343 cardiac patients from four public hospitals. Data were collected by trained nurses with face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire after consents are secured. The data were entered in to Epi Data version 3.1 and cleaned and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with under-nutrition. P-value less than 0.05 with 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.
Results
The prevalence of under-nutrition among adult cardiac patients on follow up at Addis Ababa public hospitals was 144 (42.6%), 95% CI (37.4–47.9). The study participants who earn below 1050 ETB per household per month, AOR = 7.07, 95%CI: (3.22, 15.53), NYHA heart failure classification stage III and IV: AOR = 6.56, 95%CI (3.52, 12.24), those with additional illness: AOR = 1.80, 95%CI (1.05, 3.01), current khat chewers: AOR = 2.73, 95%CI (1.09, 6.81), those without nutritional care and support: AOR = 2.02, 95%CI (1.09, 3.72) were significantly associated with under-nutrition.
Conclusions
The prevalence of under-nutrition among adult patients with cardiac diseases was higher compared with many other studies in low and middle income countries. Poverty, comorbid diseases, substance use, and severe form of cardiac disease were significant predictors of under-nutrition. It is high time to carry out nutritional assessment of patients with cardiac diseases and counsel patients about strict adherence to medical recommendations including stopping substance use.
Association study of 45 SNPs in a non-help seeking cohort sample with at-risk mental state for psychosis
Authors: Marques Julia Hatagami , Talib Leda Leme , Hortêncio Lucas , Andrade Julio Cesar , Alves Tania Maria , Serpa Mauricio Henriques , Yamamoto Guilherme Lopes , de Bilt Martinus Theodorus van , Rössler Wulf , Gattaz Wagner Farid , Loch Alexandre Andrade
Published: June 2022

Background: At-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) samples are highly heterogeneous and non-epidemiological, as most of the studies recruit help-seeking patients from specialized clinics. Transition-to-psychosis rates differ among them, ranging from 7.4% to 54%, raising a question on the real power of clinical ARMS`s criteria alone to predict transition. Finding a biomarker for transition would improve the prediction rates when associated with clinical high-risk criteria.Methods: We genotyped 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among a control sample and a non-help seeking ARMS sample and compared their frequencies. Then, we followed up this ARMS cohort of 90 individuals for 2.5 years and compared the genotype frequencies between non-converters and psychotic converters and non-psychotic converters.Results: We found a trend for a higher frequency of the TT genotype of rs6277, a dopamine receptor D2 gene (DRD2) SNP, among those who transitioned to psychosis (p=0.004) and among those who converted to any psychiatric diagnose (p=0.003), which did not remain significant after correction with Benjamini-Hochberg procedure (critical value=0.001). Converters and non-converters could not be differentiated from one another by any other characteristic. There were no significant differences between the genotype frequencies in the control group and the ARMS group in the initial cross section evaluation. Transition rates in our non-help-seeking ARMS sample were 3.33% for psychosis and 13.33% for non-psychotic disorders, a total of 16.66% for psychiatric disorders in general. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that rs6277 should be investigated in a larger ARMS sample to better assess its possible relation to transition to psychosis and other psychiatric disorders.
Solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach: a characteristic morphology reveals a distinctive immunoregulatory tumor microenvironment
Authors: Kawatoko Shinichiro , Kohashi Kenichi , Torisu Takehiro , Sasaki Taisuke , Umekita Shinya , Oki Eiji , Nakamura Masafumi , Kitazono Takanari , Oda Yoshinao
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (solid-type-PDA) of the stomach is a unique histological subtype of “tubular adenocarcinoma”, but little is known about its clinicopathological features, molecular pathological characteristics and immunoregulatory tumor microenvironment.
Methods
We examined the immunohistochemical expressions of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6) in 57 cases of solid-type-PDA and classified them as either MMR-deficient or -proficient (dMMR, N = 23; pMMR, N = 34). We additionally identified 18 dMMR-well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (WDA) and 34 pMMR-WDA as control groups. We analyzed and compared solid-type-PDA with WDA by evaluating the immunoexpressions of key immune pathway proteins (programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (CD8, Foxp3 and PD-1).
Results
IDO1 was significantly more frequent in dMMR-solid-type-PDA than in dMMR-WDA (P = 0.0046). Moreover, dMMR-solid-type-PDA tended to have higher mean CD8 + and Foxp3 + TILs compared with dMMR-WDA [P = 0.0006 (CD8+) and P = 0.1061 (Foxp3+)], and IDO1-positive tended to be associated with a large number of CD8+, Foxp3 + or PD-l + TILs in almost all tumor subtypes. PD-L1 was significantly observed in 44% (15/34) of pMMR-solid-type-PDA compared with 18% (6/34) of pMMR-WDA (P = 0.0344). Although they are molecularly and morphologically classified as the same chromosomal instability subtype, overall survival (OS) and disease-free-survival (DFS) in pMMR-solid-type-PDA were significantly worse than those in pMMR-WDA [P = 0.0216 (OS) and P = 0.0160 (DFS)].
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that immunoexpressions of several immunoregulatory proteins and TILs are more prevalent in dMMR-solid-type-PDA, potentially a useful discovery for designing tumor treatments with immune checkpoint inhibitors or combination therapies with a PD-1/PD-L1-inhibitor and IDO1-inhibitor.
Numerical Analyses of Long Fibers Reinforced Polymeric Sheets Processed by Single Point Incremental Forming
Authors: Conte Romina , Giuseppe Serratore , Ambrogio Giuseppina , Francesco Gagliardi
Published: June 2022

Polymeric matrix composites (PMCs) have gained increasing relevance in different industrial applications and their employment results to be a necessity in the production of lightweight structures. The manufacturing solutions, which allow to properly shape PMCs panels, need molds for shaping the material reducing the process flexibility. In this context, the single point incremental forming (SPIF) could be a valuable process solution if properly customized to the PMCs properties. Herein, a possible process variant is introduced and its capability in forming long fibers reinforced thermoplastics was evaluated. To achieve this aim, a numerical model was implemented focusing the attention, first, on the material properties that have to be considered for a proper model construction. The performed numerical simulations showed the applicability of SPIF to shape PMC sheets. Furthermore, the executed simulations pointed out the influences of some variables on the quality of the formed parts showing possible arising of defects, such as wrinkling and rippled surfaces, at different process conditions and providing a first proof of concept of the proposed working solution.
Lay-Cardiopulmonary resuscitation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients - a retrospective multi-centric study
Authors: Pantel Tobias , Neulen Axel , Mader Marius , Kurz Elena , Fassl Verena , Westphal Manfred , Ringel Florian , Czorlich Patrick
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may be associated with sudden cardiac arrest (CA). Since there are many data on the positive impact of lay resuscitation on patient survival, but data are rare for SAH patients, our study aimed to investigate this aspect.
Methods
In this multi-center retrospective analysis, we reviewed the local SAH databases for OHCA and CPR from 01/2011 to 12/2020. Data on CPR were extracted from the ambulance and emergency room (ER) reports. Information on clinical management after hospital admission were gathered from the institutional health records. Collected data were correlated with patient survival as defined outcome parameter.
Results
We screened 1120 patients with SAH and identified 38 patients with SAH, OHCA and CPR (3.4%). Our cohort showed a high proportion of posterior circulation aneurysms (n = 17, 44.7%). Lay CPR was performed in 20 patients. Time to CPR was significantly shorter for lay CPR (p < 0.001). 17 patients (44.7%) were not initially assigned to CCT, resulting in a significantly prolonged time interval (154 ± 58 vs. 40 ± 23 min; p < 0.033). Overall survival rate of patients with OHCA and CPR was 29.7% (11 patients). However, pre-hospital lay CPR (p = 0.632) and shorter duration to the initial CCT after admission (p = 0.065) did not influence the outcome.
Conclusions
Sudden OHCA occurs regularly in patients with SAH. A timely initiated and high-quality CPR is crucial to facilitate patient’s initial survival. Although prolonged time to CCT does not affect survival, SAH should be considered as a cause of CA and CCT should be integrated into the diagnostic algorithm.
Complete chloroplast genomes of Sorbus sensu stricto (Rosaceae): comparative analyses and phylogenetic relationship
Authors: Tang Chenqian , Chen Xin , Deng Yunfei , Geng Liyang , Ma Jianhui , Wei Xueyan
Published: June 2022

Background: Sorbus sensu stricto (Sorbus s.s.) is a genus with important economical values for its beautiful leaves, flowers, especially the colorful fruits in tribe Maleae of the family Rosaceae, and comprises about 90 species mainly distributed in China. There are considerable disputes on the infrageneric classification and species delimitation for the morphological similarities of species. With the aim to shed light on the circumscription of taxa within the genus, phylogenetic analyses were performed with 29 Sorbus s.s. chloroplast (cp) genomes (16 newly sequenced) representing two subgenera and eight sections. Results: The 16 cp genomes newly sequenced range between 159,646 bp and 160,178 bp in length. All the samples examined and 22 taxa re-annotated in Sorbus sensu lato (Sorbus s.l.) contain 113 unique genes and 19 of these duplicated in the inverted repeat (IR). Gene deletions detected previously caused mainly by references selected. Six hypervariable regions including trnR-atpA, petN-psbM, rpl32-trnL, trnH-psbA, trnT-trnL and ndhC-trnV were screened, 44–53 SSRs and 58–130 dispersed repeats were identified as potential molecular markers. Phylogenetic analyses under ML/BI indicated that Sorbus s.l. is polyphyletic, Sorbus s.s. and the other five segregated genera, Aria, Chamaemespilus, Cormus, Micromeles and Torminalis are monophyletic. Two major clades and four sub-clades resolved with full-support within Sorbus s.s. are inconsistent with the existing infrageneric classification. Two subgenera, subg. Sorbus and subg. Albocarmesinae are supported to be monophyletic when S. tianschanica transferred to subg. Albocarmesinae from subg. Sorbus and S. hupehensis var. paucijuga transferred to subg. Sorbus from subg. Albocarmesinae, respectively. The classification at the sectional level is not supported by analysis of cp genome phylogeny.Conclusion: Phylogenomic analyses of the cp genomes are useful for inferring phylogenetic relationships in Sorbus s.s. Though genome structure is highly conserved in the genus, hypervariable regions and repeat sequences detected are the most promising potentially molecule makers for population genetic, species delimitation and phylogenetic studies.
Anatomical study of the maxillary sinus: which characteristics can influence its volume?
Authors: Lessa Anne Maria Guimaraes , de Oliveira Vitor Silva , Costa Roberta Basanez Aleluia , Meneses Alana Tavares Ribeiro , Crusoé-Rebello Iêda Margarida , Costa Fábio Wildson Gurgel , Neves Frederico Sampaio
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To investigate whether there is a relationship between the volume of the maxillary sinus and individual parameters such as sex, side, posterior tooth absence, sinus membrane thickening, bony septa, and vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns.Methods: The tomographic volume of the maxillary sinus from 211 individuals (422 sides) was evaluated using Horos DICOM Viewer software. Bone septa and sinus membrane thickening were classified as absent or present, while maxillary posterior dental absence was defined as the absence of one or more teeth in the posterior region of the maxilla (except for the third molars). The test-test was applied to analyze maxillary sinus volume according to sex, age, side, posterior tooth absence, sinus membrane thickening, and bony septa. For comparison of sagittal and vertical patterns, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post-hoc test was applied.Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the maxillary sinus volume according to gender (p=0.06), side (p=0.37), posterior tooth absence (p=0.92), sinus membrane thickening (p=0.47), bony septa (0.89) and vertical skeletal pattern (p=0.67). In relation to the sagittal skeletal pattern, a statistically significant difference was observed between Classes II and III (p=0.05).Conclusion: Maxillary sinus volume was influenced only by the sagittal skeletal pattern and was higher in Class III individuals.
TCA-PEKS: Trusted Certificateless Authentication Public-key Encryption with Keyword Search scheme in Cloud Storage
Authors: Han Mu , Xu Puyi , Xu Lei , Xu Chungen
Published: June 2022

Public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS) technology achieves accurate ciphertext retrieval while protecting data privacy. However, curious or malicious semi-trusted cloud servers can cause privacy breaches, which bring a trusted problem of ciphertext management and searching. To address this problem, we present trusted certificateless authentication public-key encryption with keyword search scheme in cloud storage(TCA-PEKS), which ensuring trusted retrieval, simultaneously resolve the problems of key escrow and certificate management that exists in PEKS. In the scheme, the security of ciphertext storage and verification is strengthened based on blockchain non-tampering feature, which can assist users to verify the correctness of the file. Especially, we construct an open and transparent smart contract to limit the malicious behavior of cloud servers, in which the user’s complete private key splits the secret value and the partial private key, further guarantees the correctness of the retrieval process. Finally, the scheme is proved to satisfy ciphertext and trapdoor indistinguishability under the random oracle model, and the performance evaluation results show that the scheme is highly efficient.
Technical and sustainable goal-based assessment of combined floating solar PV systems with hydroelectric power station for cost-effective low-carbon clean energy generation
Authors: Singh Nimesh Kumar , Goswami Anik , Sadhu Pradip Kumar
Published: June 2022

The simultaneous escalation in energy consumption and greenhouse gases (GHG) in the environment drives power generation to pursue a more sustainable path. Solar photovoltaic (PV) is one of the technologies that has been identified as a possible source of clean, green and affordable energy in the future. The vast land area occupied by solar PV plants to generate electricity suggests that large PV facilities be built on the water surface which will not only save land but also increase efficiency and power output. Despite the remarkable geophysical conditions of India, the evaluation of floating solar photovoltaic (FSPV) power plants revealed little involvement in this technology. The objective of this research is to offer a comprehensive technical and sustainable goal-based analysis to provide an efficient hybrid hydel-FSPV system. In this paper, an assessment of a 96 MW power plant is done to show the economic and ecological benefits of FSPV. A comparison of land-based photovoltaic (LBPV), FSPV and hybrid hydel-FSPV is done to check the cost-efficiency and sustainability. The result indicates that the FSPV produces 81.39 GWh of excess generation compared to LBPV. The energy yield of FSPV is 2.4% more than LBPV. The total water saved by FSPV is 69.4 mcm. The equivalent carbon reduction by the FSPV plant is 123,454.53 tCO2. The levelized cost of energy generation is 3.23 $/W, which is 2.3% less than the current price of electricity. The FSPV can help in achieving sustainable development goals along with the protection of the ecological system.
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene polymorphism -866 G/A in the promoter region is associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Kashmiri population of Northern India
Authors: Din Inshah , Majid Sabhiya , Rashid Fouzia , Wani Mumtaz Din , Qadir Jasiya , Wani Hilal , Fareed Mohd
Published: June 2022

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association of UCP2 gene polymorphism -866 G/A and its expression with diabetic predisposition in North Indian population. Methods: The study involved 850 subjects, including 425 each T2DM and control subjects. The serum metabolic and clinical parameters were estimated using standard protocols. The genotyping for determining UCP2 gene polymorphism was performed by the PCR-RFLP while the expression was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: The genotypic and allelic frequencies showed a significant difference in cases when compared to controls (p<0.05). The diabetic patients had a 4.2 fold decrease in UCP2 gene expression. The expression was 29.8 and 8.4 fold lower in diabetic patients with homozygous (AA) and heterozygous (GA) mutation at -866 locus of UCP2 nucleotide sequence respectively. When categorized according to age and BMI, the T2DM subjects with age ≥50 and BMI ≥25 had 5.53 and 8.2-fold decrease in UCP2 expression. The diabetic subjects with homozygous and heterozygous mutation demonstrated a pathological increase in serum metabolic and clinical parameters which again corroborated with UCP2 gene expression indicating a strong association between the two. Intriguingly, we did not find any association between -866 G/A polymorphism of UCP2 with serum insulin levels. Conclusion: The association of -866 G/A SNP of UCP2 gene with its expression in diabetic patients appears to be an important genetic determinant in the progression of T2DM. Moreover, Age ≥50 years and BMI ≥25 could be considered as a risk factor for developing T2DM in the studied population.