bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Albuterol Spray on Hypoxia and Bronchospasm in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) under General Anesthesia: A bouble-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Seyedmahrokh A Maddah  , Akbar Barzegari
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience an increased risk of perioperative pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of albuterol spray on hypoxia and bronchospasm in patients with COPD under general anesthesia.
METHODS: This single-center, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was performed on 120 smoking patients with COPD who were referred to 5 Azar Educational Hospital in Gorgan, Northern Iran, in 2021. Twenty minutes before general anesthesia and also after completion of surgery and before extubation, 60 patients in the intervention group were inhaled with 2 puffs of albuterol spray. In the control group, patients were inhaled with 2 puffs of placebo spray. In perioperative period, the occurrence of wheezing, bronchospasm, coughing, hemodynamic changes, postoperative shivering, dyspnea, and nausea and vomiting were evaluated in all patients. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to report important aspects of this study.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 52.34 ±8.95 years, and 115 (95.8%) of them were males while the rest were females. The difference between systolic blood pressure before induction of anesthesia (after administration of albuterol spray) between the group receiving albuterol spray and the group not receiving it was statistically significant (p=0.04). Also, the difference between the mean arterial oxygen saturation before tracheal extubation (after re-administration of albuterol spray) between the albuterol spray group and the non-albuterol group was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Wheezing and recurrent cough after induction of anesthesia and after extubation (after albuterol spray administration) was lower in the albuterol group than in the control group (p<0.05). No significant side effects were detected in the albuterol-treated group.
CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, it seems that the prophylactic use of albuterol spray is useful in reducing the incidence of wheezing and recurrent cough before induction of anesthesia in COPD patients with smoking.
A Comparative Study to Assess the Accommodation and Vergence Relationship of Myopia in Indian Adolescent
Authors: Sadiya Ikram Syeda  , Radha Kumar  , Xavier Jayaseelan.C  , Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Accommodation and Vergence disorder are diverse visual anomalies which can interfere with a child's school performance and impair one's ability to function efficiently. Its association with refractive error and its intervention were studied less in Indian myopia children; hence, there is a need for research in such setting.
METHOD: One hundred and fifty Indian adolescents aged 10 to 17 years were divided into three refractive error groups (high, moderate, and low myopia). Baseline vision examination and a comprehensive binocular vision assessment were performed on all eligible adolescents. Vision therapy was provided to participants whose parents gave consent on behalf of the children. Chi-square analysis was utilized to look at the association between the groups of refractive errors. To compare the mean constants of the experimental and control groups, a two-way RM ANOVA was performed.
RESULTS: The most common dysfunction found in low myopia (75.3%), and moderate myopia (54%) was convergence insufficiency. High myopes (62.8%) were found to have combined convergence and accommodative insufficiency followed by accommodative dysfunction (14%) and basic exophoria (6%). In moderate myopia, a significant relationship was found between this dysfunction and refractive error. The experimental group in the overall sample showed statistically significant improvement after vision therapy (P<0.001), in comparison to the control group.
CONCLUSION: Refractive error is linked to accommodative and convergence insufficiency. Thus, vergence and accommodative impairment must be tested for all myopic children, and vision therapy should be advised along with spectacle prescription for efficient binocular vision.
What Is Going on in Indoor Air Quality of a University Hospital in Northern Cyprus?
Authors: Meryem Güvenir  , Ufuk Kaya  , Dilek Özçelik  , Kaya Süer
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: There are two main purposes of microbial monitoring of the inanimate hospital environment. One of them is to monitor hygiene standards, and the second is to determine the presence of nosocomial pathogens. This study was aimed to investigate the indoor environment of the different departments of a university hospital.
METHODS: The prospective study was conducted in a university hospital, a teaching hospital with 143 beds and 30 ICU beds, and a hospital with 6 different wards in Northern Cyprus. Active air sampling was done by using an air IDEAL 3P device. Air samples were taken at 38 points defined before in different parts of the hospital.
RESULTS: Our results showed a low level of microorganisms’ numbers in microbial airborne communities in a university hospital. Moreover, our results indicated that the temperature of the hospital's indoor environment is not significantly related to the airborne microbial community. On the other hand, our results indicate that the Aspergillus species were mostly isolated in the drug preparation room.
CONCLUSION: The studies have shown that one of the causes of hospital infections is the microorganisms entering the airborne microbial communities. In this case, epidemiology and pathogenesis of airborne microbial communities should be understood.
Rapid Bioethical Assessment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Host Genetic Study in Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia: Towards a Context-Specific Ethical Approach
Authors: Daniel Mekonnen  , Abaineh Munshea  , Endalkachew Nibret  , Awoke Derbie  , Mastewal Wubetu  , Mengistie Taye  , Taye Zeru  , Belay Bezabih  , Muluken Azage  , Kidist Bobosha  , Abraham Aseffa
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Rapid Ethical Assessment (REA) is a rapid qualitative study anticipated to understand the ethical sphere of the research setting prior to recruiting study subjects.  This study assessed the communities’ knowledge about tuberculosis (TB) and research, understand the social arrangements advisable for recruiting research participant and appraised the information provision and consent process.
METHODS: The study was conducted in Amhara region, Ethiopia from 5th-30th January 2021. Google-based survey, face-to-face in-depth interview and focus group discussion were carried out to collect the data from researchers, data collectors, health professionals, TB program officers. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess the knowledge of TB patients and healthy controls about TB, research, gene, (co)evolution and consent process.
RESULTS: Over 71% of researchers were not satisfied with the current consent process, and 82.7% of researchers agreed that the best interest of the research participants was not adequately addressed in the current research practices in ANRS. TB patients and healthy controls misunderstood research and its goals. Participants advised the researchers to approach the community with the assistance of health extension workers (HEW) or religious/local leaders. Combined use of verbal and written based information provision at individual participant level is the preferred way for information provision.
CONCLUSIONS: The adherence of researchers to standard information provision and consent process was very low. Healthy controls and TB patients have low level of knowledge and awareness about research, ethics and genomic research-related common terms. Hence, public education is required to strengthen the research ethics in the region.
Genotype Distribution of Enterobius vermicularis Isolates from Northwest Provinces of Iran
Authors: Kaveh Figh Shilanabadi  , Fatemeh Khadivi Derakhshan  , Saber Raeghi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Human infection with Enterobius vermicularis occurs worldwide. The most common clinical manifestation of a pinworm infection is an itchy anal region. This parasite is incidentally found in appendicitis. This study aims to characterize and genotype this parasite from different samples inferred by mt-DNA.
METHODS: Forty appendectomies for acute clinical appendicitis, 40 positive scotch-tape samples, and 10 adult females worm isolated from patients. Genetic differentiation, haplotype differences, and isolates population structure were analyzed based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene.
RESULTS: It has been demonstrated that all isolations in the appendectomies specimens are similar, and the genetic difference divergence is seen in adult worm specimens. The neutral indices of the samples did not show a significant difference and show that there is no intra-specific and population distribution diversity.
CONCLUSION: Our results show different haplotypes in the B type of E. vermicularis population and add new information about genotyping of these parasites in Iran. In comparison with other studies, intra-specific variation of this parasite from Iran was observed.
Anthropometric Predictors of Appropriate-Sized Plastibell for Neonatal Circumcision
Authors: MODEKWE Victor Ifeanyichukwu  , UGWU Jideofor Okechukwu  , EKWUNIFE Okechukwu Hyginus  , MADUBA Charles Chidiebele  , NNADOZIE Ugochukwu Uzodimma  , NWANKWO Ezekiel Uchechukwu
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Using anthropometric parameters to determine the appropriate Plastibell size before circumcision ensures that cumbersome carrying of all the sizes before each procedure is eliminated and also complications reduced.
METHODS: Male neonates who presented for routine circumcision by Plastibell method were recruited. Collected on a proforma were their age in days, weight in Kg, stretched penile length (SPL) in cm, penile diameter (PD) in cm and the Plastibell size used by the “circumciser”. The routine circumcision was carried out for each neonate according to protocol. P value was set at <0.05.
RESULTS: There were 231 neonates who had Plastibell circumcision. Their mean age, weight, SPL and PD were 15.6(+5.73) days, 3.7(+0.58) Kg, 3.66 (+0.58) cm and 3.79 (+0.64) cm, respectively. Plastibell size 1.3 is the most used (53.6%). There was a positive correlation between weight, SPL, PD, on one hand and Plastibell size , on the other hand with P-values of <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001 respectively. The weight was a weak determinant for Plastibell sizes 1.1 and 1.3: (OR 7.104; 95% CI 1.108 – 45.559; P = .039) and (OR 2.044; 95% CI 1.054 – 3.963; P = .034) respectively. The SPL is also a weak predictor for Plastibell sizes 1.2 and 1.5: (OR 2.176; 95% CI 1.136 -4.136; P = .019) and (OR .043; 95% CI .072 - .984; P = .047), respectively.
CONCLUSION: The anthropometric parameters correlate well with Plastibell sizes. However, they are not effective in predicting the appropriate sized Plastibell for neonatal circumcision.
Computed Tomography Dose Level in Selected Five Principal Hospitals in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhin Kide Kinfe  , Birhanu Tsegaye Wores
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: X-ray Computed Tomography dose levels have been varying among modalities and scanning body regions due to the absence of incessant routine follow-up. Thus, the study aimed to compute the dose index discrepancies in Ethiopia for the most recurring scan protocols (head, chest, abdomen, and pelvis).
METHODS: A purposive sampling method was employed to select the hospitals due to the rare existence of functional CT scanners in Ethiopia. From the selected hospitals, a total of 1,385 (249 heads, 804 chests, 132 abdomens, and 200 pelvis) were collected in terms of standard dose metric values in the period of December 2019-March 2020. Patients’ DLP was computed into mean value using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. From the mean DLP, we can compute the effective dose.
RESULTS: Patients’ dose level disparity was observed in this study though it is below the ICRP standard level for all body regions except for pelvis DLP (593.37 mGy-cm) at Black Lion. The dose level for the head and chest are computed within the recommended level at all hospitals. Effective doses for the pelvis at four hospitals (Teklehaimanot, Black Lion, ALERT, Paul’s, and Ayder hospitals) were computed as 6.45, 8.90, 5.08, 6.54, and 6.84 mSv respectively, and the effective doses for abdomen at Ayder Hospital was obtained to be 8.90 mSv, which is above the recommended value.
CONCLUSION: X-ray CT scanners are somewhat properly functioning although some sort of justification and optimization for pelvis and abdomen examinations are strongly recommended to implement as low as reasonably achievable principle.
Effectiveness of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Training for Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Addis Alemayehu  , Getu Teferi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Physical exercise is a well-established method for managing blood pressure (BP). The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of aerobic, resistance, and a combination of both aerobic plus resistance training on BP, body composition (BC), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among hypertensive patients.
METHODS: The total population was sixty hypertensive patients; of these, forty-eight male adults (45.28 ± 7.44, years); with a sedentary lifestyle were randomized to one of the three exercise interventions or a control group. Subjects in all three exercise groups had an equal total exercise time (60 minutes), which included 10-15 minutes of warming up and dynamic stretching, 10-15 minutes of cooling down and static stretching and 30- 40 minutes for the main workout. Data were presented as mean (standard deviation, SD) or mean change with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: All three-intervention trainings showed improvement in BP, CRF, and BC. However, the most effective intervention training was combined training. Combined training resulted in significant reductions in body composition, resting heart rate (RHR) and, BP: body weight -7.92 kg, BMI -5.96 kg/m2, SBP -17.75mmHg, DBP -12.5 mmHg, RHR -8.17 bpm, and percent body fat (%BF) -6.49%. The aerobic training group only increased VO2max 12.44 ml/kg/m.
CONCLUSION: Compared to aerobic or resistance training alone, a 12-week of combination exercise may offer more comprehensive advantages for those at a higher risk for hypertension.
The Association between Intrahousehold Food Allocation Social Norms and Thinness among Young Adolescent Girls: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Hanna Gulema  , Meaza Demissie  , Alemayehu Worku  , Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta  , Nebiyou Fasil  , Yemane Berhane
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Inequalities in food allocation related to social norms among household members significantly affect the nutritional status and well-being of the vulnerable members of the household, such as adolescent girls. This study assesses the association between social norms related to intrahousehold food allocation and young adolescent girls' thinness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 1,083 pairs of mothers/caregivers and young adolescent girls. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was employed to examine associations using STATA/SE V.14 statistical software. In addition, a stratified analysis was done to investigate the effect of social norms on thinness in food-secure and food-insecure households.
RESULT: The overall prevalence of young adolescent girls' thinness was 15.70% (95% CI 13.52–17.86%). Young adolescent girls' thinness was associated with mothers’/caregivers' conformity to inequitable intrahousehold food allocation social norms in food-secure households [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.43, 95% CI: 1.14–1.80] but not in food-insecure households.
       CONCLUSION: Nearly 16% of adolescent girls were thin. Mothers/female caregivers conforming to inequitable intrahousehold food allocation social norms compromise the nutritional status of adolescent girls, particularly in food-secure households. The lack of statistically significant association in food-insecure households hints at the need to address inequality in food-secure households while addressing food shortage to improve the nutritional status of adolescents in low-income countries.  We also recommend more studies in different sociocultural contexts to fully gather the evidence for adopting appropriate policies and practices.
Hematologic Derangements among Children with Unoperated Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease in Ethiopia
Authors: Selamawit Alemseged  , Endale Tefera
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment has transformed the course and outcome of congenital heart defects  in high-income countries, but children with congenital heart diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to cardiac surgery is limited, often experience the natural course of untreated lesions and their complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hematologic derangements among Ethiopian children with unoperated cyanoticcongenital heart diseases, to identify factors associated with coagulopathy in this population, and to describe how these complications are managed in this setting.
METHODS: In this single-center cross-sectional study, we prospectively collected clinical and demographic data from children (<18 years) with cyanotic congenital heart diseases. Blood samples were collected to measure hematologic parameters. Polycythemia was defined as hematocrit >50% and thrombocytopenia as <150,000 per microliter.
RESULTS: Among 70 children recruited, the overall prevalence of polycythemia and thrombocytopenia was 63% (n=44) and 26% (n=18), respectively. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, hematocrit ³65% (p-value=.024), and oxygen saturation <85% (p-value=.018) were independently associated with moderate or severe thrombocytopenia. Thirty-one (44%) patients had undergone therapeutic phlebotomy, and 84% (26/31) of these patients received iron supplementation.
CONCLUSION: We report a high prevalence of polycythemia and thrombocytopenia in Ethiopian children with untreated cyanotic congenital heart diseases. There was variable implementation of iron supplementation and therapeutic phlebotomy, highlighting the need to optimize supportive management strategies in this population to mitigate the risk of life-threatening complications.
Fatal Road Traffic Accidents and Associated Factors in North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tilahun Deresse  , Akine Eshete  , Minyahil Hailu  , Megbar Dessalegn
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are among the top three global causes of death among people aged 15 to 44 years. More importantly, it is the main cause of death and permanent disability among young people aged 15 to 29 years. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of fatal traffic accidents and the factors associated with them in the North Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia, from 2013 to 2018.
METHOD: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in all registered RTAs from July 2013 to June 2018 that had full documentation. The data extraction tool was developed based on the daily RTA registration book format that was utilized. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the factors and the fatality of RTA. P-values less than 0.05 were reported as statistically significant.
RESULTS: Among 846 RTAs studied, 351 (41.5%) were found fatal, while 495 (58.5%) caused non-fatal injuries. Failure to give priority to pedestrians was 2.8 times (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.3, 5.9) more likely to cause fatal RTAs than drivers who failed to maintain distance between vehicles. Pedestrians were 2.7 times (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 6.7) more likely to die in RTAs than drivers.
CONCLUSION: The fatality of RTA was high. Failure to give priority to pedestrians and being a pedestrian were strong predictors of death. The North Shewa Zone Traffic Police Department and police officers should focus on enforcing traffic safety laws.
Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid Positivity in Screening and Early Detection of Cervical Dysplasia in Africa, 2023: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yohannes Fikadu Geda  , Yirgalem Yosef Lamiso  , Tamirat Melis Berhe  , Seid Jemal Mohammed  , Samuel Ejeta chibsa  , Daniel Adane Endalew  , Kenzudin Assfa Mossa  , Seblework Abeje  , Mustefa Adem Hussen  , Molalign Mesele Gesesse
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Visual Inspection with Acetic acid (VIA) is the best feasible method of screening and early detecting for cervical dysplasia for resource limited settings like Africa. There is no study that can represent Africa on VIA positivity. Therefore, this meta-analysis was planned to verify the best available articles to pool the visual inspection with acetic acid positivity in screening and early detection of cervical dysplasia in Africa.
METHODS: The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, free Google database search engines, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were used to conduct a true search of this research article. STATA version 14.0 was used to do the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO database under the identity pf CRD42023392197.
RESULT: This meta-analysis analyzed data from 21,066 women who had VIA examination to estimate the pooled VIA positivity in Africa. The overall pooled effect estimate of VIA positivity in Africa was 11.93 (95%CI: 11.48-12.37). Age <16 year during first intercourse 2.58(95%CI: 1.53-3.62), lifetime sexual partner ≥2 3.92(95%CI: 2.05-5.78) and HIV positivity 2.92(95%CI: 1.72-4.12) were the significant variables which influence VIA positivity.
CONCLUSION: Overall pooled effect estimate of VIA positivity in Africa was high compared to other continents. The main factors that affect VIA positivity are age at first sexual contact being under 16 years old, the number of lifetime sexual partners being at least two, and HIV positivity. Therefore, the WHO's goal of creating Africa free of cervical cancer is still one that requires significant effort.
Excess cardiovascular mortality in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cause for concern!
Authors: Batta Akash , Hatwal Juniali
Published: July 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the commonest cause of chronic liver disease worldwide in recent years. With time, our understanding of NAFLD has evolved from an isolated liver condition to a systemic disease with significant manifestations beyond the liver. Amongst them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important and clinically relevant. Recent research supports a strong independent link between NALFD and CVD beyond the shared risk factors and pathophysiology. Female sex hormones are well known to not only protect against CVD in pre-menopausal females, but also contribute to improved adipose tissue function and preventing its systemic deposition. Recent research highlights the increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular-cerebral events (MACCE) amongst male with NAFLD compared to females. Further, racial variation was observed in MACCE outcomes in NAFLD, with excess mortality in the Native Americans and Asian Pacific Islanders compared to the other races.
Coronary artery disease and heart failure: Late-breaking trials presented at American Heart Association scientific session 2023
Authors: Mondal Avilash , Srikanth Sashwath , Aggarwal Sanjana , Alle Naga R , Odugbemi Olufemi , Ogbu Ikechukwu , Desai Rupak
Published: July 2024

The late-breaking science presented at the 2023 scientific session of the American Heart Association paves the way for future pragmatic trials and provides meaningful information to guide management strategies in coronary artery disease and heart failure (HF). The dapagliflozin in patient with acute myocardial infarction (DAPA-MI) trial showed that dapagliflozin use among patients with acute MI without a history of diabetes mellitus or chronic HF has better cardiometabolic outcomes compared with placebo, with no difference in cardiovascular outcomes. The MINT trial showed that in patients with acute MI and anemia (Hgb < 10 g/dL), a liberal transfusion goal (Hgb ≥ 10 g/dL) was not superior to a restrictive strategy (Hgb 7-8 g/dL) with respect to 30-day all-cause death and recurrent MI. The ORBITA-2 trial showed that among patients with stable angina and coronary stenoses causing ischemia on little or no antianginal therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention results in greater improvements in anginal frequency and exercise times compared with a sham procedure. The ARIES-HM3 trial showed that in patients with advanced HF who received a HeartMate 3 levitated left ventricular assist device and were anticoagulated with a vitamin K antagonist, placebo was noninferior to daily aspirin with respect to the composite endpoint of bleeding and thrombotic events at 1 year. The TEAMMATE trial showed that everolimus with low-dose tacrolimus is safe in children and young adults when given ≥ 6 months after cardiac transplantation. Providing patients being treated for HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with specific out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for multiple medication options at the time of the clinical encounter may reduce ‘contingency planning’ and increase the extent to which patients are taking the medications decided upon. The primary outcome, which was cost-informed decision-making, defined as the clinician or patient mentioning costs of HFrEF medication, occurred in 49% of encounters with the checklist only control group compared with 68% of encounters in the OOP cost group.
The Relationship Between Nursing Students' Perceptions of Individualized Care and Critical Thinking Dispositions
Authors: Erden Melikoğlu Seçil , Dedeoğlu Demir Burcu , Yiğit Ezgi
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate perceptions of nursing students about individualized care and critical thinking dispositions and to analyze the relationship between them.
Material and Method: A descriptive correlational design was used in the study. The population of the study included 219 nursing students with clinical experience in the Health Sciences Faculty of a University in Turkey. The study was conducted with 201 students who consented to participate voluntarily in the study. Data were collected using “The Student Information Form”, “The Individualized Care Scale-A- Nurse Version (ICSA-Nurse)”, and “The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI)” and analyzed by using descriptive, correlational, and comparative statistical methods.
Results: The students’ mean score from the total ICSA-Nurse was 4.10 ± 0.63 and the students’ mean score from the total CCTDI was 215.55 ± 26.18. A significant positive relationship was found between the nursing students’ mean total scores from the ICSA-Nurse and the CCTDI (r: 0.288; p=0.001).
Conclusion: The perception of the nursing students about individualized care was at a good level, whereas their critical thinking disposition was low. A significant positive relationship was found between the individualized care perceptions and critical thinking dispositions. In conclusion, as the nursing students’ critical thinking dispositions improved, their perceptions of individualized care would increase positively, as well.
Prematürelerde İntraventriküler Kanama: Risk Faktörleri, Koruyucu Önlemler Ve Nöroprotektif Hemşirelik Bakımı
Authors: Çarıkçı Fatma , Aykanat Girgin Burcu , Kul Yağmur
Published: July 2024

İntraventriküler kanama, yenidoğanlarda nörolojik gelişimi bozabilen ciddi bir komplikasyondur. Prematürelerde doğum sonrası sıklıkla ilk 72 saat içinde görülmekte ve beyin dokusuna zarar vererek hidrosefali, serebral palsi, mental retardasyon gibi ciddi nörolojik sonuçlara yol açabilmektedir. Prematüreler intrauterin gelişimlerini tamamlamadan doğdukları için tüm sistemleri immatürdür. Buna bağlı olarak da pek çok sorunları bulunmakta olup nörolojik komplikasyonlar açısından risk altındadır. Günümüzde, intraventriküler kanamanın önlenmesi veya kanamanın ilerlemesinin durdurulması için herhangi bir tedavi bulunmaması doğum öncesinde, doğum sırasında ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde uygulanabilecek koruyucu yaklaşımların önemini arttırmaktadır. Bu nedenle yenidoğanın beyin gelişimini korumak ve desteklemek amacıyla yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde kapsamlı ve planlı bir nöroprotektif bakımın sunulması önem taşımaktadır. Nöroprotektif bakım, hemşirelerin yenidoğanın fizyolojik stabilitesini sağlamak üzere hemodinami, ventilasyon, sıvı ve nutrisyonel destek yönetimi alanlarında uyguladıkları girişimleri, yenidoğanın gelişimsel ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak şekilde bütünleştirilmiş gelişimsel bakım çerçevesinde sunmalarını gerektirmektedir. Bu derleme, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde hemşirelerin intraventriküler kanamaların önlenmesinde nöroprotektif ve bütünleştirilmiş gelişimsel bakım sağlamadaki rollerini detaylı bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Hemşirelerin bu alandaki rolleri, yenidoğanların sağlıklı bir şekilde gelişimlerini sürdürebilmeleri için hayati bir öneme sahiptir.
Spenden, Retten, Helfen: Das "ferne Kind" und die Transnationalisierung der Wohltätigkeit 1830-1930
Authors: Stornig Katharina
Published: July 2024

Die Entstehung einer Kultur des transnationalen Helfens ist Teil der Geschichte des europäischen Kolonialismus Kinder sind heutzutage aus der Werbung für Spenden nicht wegzudenken. Trotz Kritik gelten Bilder und Erzählungen von weltweit in Not geratenen Kindern als besonders wirksames Instrument, um Menschen emotional zu erreichen und zu wohltätigen Gaben zu bewegen. Katharina Stornig zeigt, dass die Figur des »zu rettenden Kindes« in geografisch fernen Ländern eine lange Geschichte hat. Sie wurde bereits im 19. Jahrhundert von religiösen Vereinen geschaffen und zu Werbezwecken genutzt. Ab den 1930er Jahren generierten auch im deutschsprachigen Europa Vereine, die im Rahmen der christlichen Missionsbewegung und vor dem Hintergrund europäischer Expansionsbestrebungen entstanden waren, Spendengelder für ferne Weltregionen. Die kulturhistorische Analyse ihrer Aktivitäten zeigt, dass religiöse Vereine Narrative des »Rettens« und »Helfens« verbreiteten und in Praktiken des transnationalen Gebens überführten. Dabei adressierten sie ihre Mitglieder als potente »Retter«/»Retterinnen« bzw. »Helfer«/»Helferinnen« von als »bedürftig« erklärten Menschen und insbesondere Kindern in fernen Ländern und (re-)produzierten am Ende auch koloniale Differenz und Ungleichheit.
Theater als "Spiel- und Spiegelform" jüdischer Erfahrung: Wien 1890-1920
Authors: Eisele Theresa
Published: July 2024

Wie Theater den Erfahrungshorizont von Juden*Jüdinnen in der Moderne geprägt hat: Kulturhistorische Studien zur Praxeologie jüdischer Teilhabe in Wien, 1890-1920 Das Buch beforscht, wie der Eintritt von Juden*Jüdinnen in die moderne Gesellschaft Wiens »als Theater« und mit theatralen Mitteln stattfand und entwirft so eine Praxeologie jüdischer Zugehörigkeit und Differenz. In vier Studien werden jüdische Erfahrungen der Moderne zwischen Zeigen und Beobachten, sozialer Schau und antisemitischer Bedrängnis als Modi des Theatralen zum Thema. Dabei rückt Theater als Praxis ins Zentrum, mit der Zugehörigkeit in der Moderne verhandelt, selbstbewusst behauptet oder befragt wurde. Während sich Juden*Jüdinnen »wie auf einer Bühne« permanenter Beobachtung ausgesetzt sahen, kommentierten sie dies wiederum theatral, erprobten eigene Strategien sozialer Teilhabe und beteiligten sich an der Ausgestaltung von bürgerlichen Sozialrollen in der Großstadt. Theater zeigt sich so als vielschichtige kulturelle Praxis wie als »Spiel- und Spiegelform des Lebens« (Stefan Zweig).
Die Kunst der Einfalt: Märtyrer und Legenden im bürgerlichen Zeitalter der Literatur
Authors: Detering Nicolas
Published: July 2024

In einer bürgerlichen Moderne, zu deren konstitutiven Selbstbeschreibungen die Ermächtigung des Subjekts gehört, muss die Wiederkehr christlicher Erlösungsfiguren irritieren. Das trifft insbesondere auf die Märtyrer zu, deren Lebenszweck sich eben nicht in einer sukzessiven Entfaltung der eigenen Möglichkeiten, sondern in Leid und Tod erfüllt. Obwohl Märtyrer und Heiligenlegenden den ethischen und ästhetischen Normen der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft (scheinbar) widerstreben, üben die als ›vormodern‹ stilisierten Figuren der Einfalt eine ungeheure Faszination aus und kehren nach einer langen Phase der Latenz in die Literatur zurück. Nicolas Detering fragt nach den Gründen für diese unwahrscheinliche Erfolgsgeschichte und spürt ihren konflikthaften Folgen im 19. Jahrhundert nach. Er berichtet von den anfänglichen Rekonstruktionen der Märtyrerlegende in der Romantik (etwa bei Tieck, Herder, Chateaubriand und E.T.A. Hoffmann), von ihrer reibungsvollen Annäherung an die Kultur der Bürgerlichkeit (Keller, Nicholas Wiseman, C. F. Meyer und Agnes Günther) und von dem Provokationspotential, das den Heiligen bis zuletzt innewohnt (so bei Sacher- Masoch, Thomas Mann und Kafka). Im Rahmen des Legendarischen floriert die literarische Imagination der Spätantike und speist pessimistische Diagnosen der eigenen Epoche, polarisieren sich die Konfessionskämpfe der Zeit, konturieren sich Genderstereotype und etabliert sich eine Ästhetik sexueller Devianz mit Folgen bis weit in die Gegenwart.
Posicionamiento interno UWB para robótica cooperativa
Authors: Berra Villaseñor E.
Published: July 2024

La creciente demanda de automatización e inteligencia artificial ha impulsado el desarrollo de tecnologías de rastreo preciso. Tecnologías como el IoT y Big Data son esenciales para la inteligencia artificial que facilita la toma de decisiones. Sin embargo, la Revolución Industrial 4.0 exige soluciones de posicionamiento interior más precisas. La tecnología de banda ultra ancha (UWB) supera las limitaciones de otras tecnologías en interiores. Este artículo propone un modelo con balizas y triangulación de señales UWB para rastrear robots cooperativos. Se desarrolló un sistema con microcontroladores ESP32 y circuitos BU01, controlado por WiFi y visualizado mediante una GUI.
Disparities in Child Growth Patterns: A Multi-Indicator Examination Across Districts in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Anchal , Singh Kiran
Published: July 2024

The Indian economy is accelerating due to its significant demographic advantage of a young and growing workforce, emphasizing the importance of addressing malnutrition to fully harness its potential. Uttar Pradesh, blessed with a vast human resource pool in its children, stands poised to significantly contribute to shaping the nation's future. Thus, addressing child malnutrition within the state is imperative. Currently, according to NFHS 5 data, malnutrition prevalence among children under 5 years is alarming, with 39.7% experiencing stunting, 17.3% facing wasting, , and 32.1% being underweight. District-level data on child growth failure indices were sourced from NFHS-published district fact sheets of Uttar Pradesh. This study leverages data from two time periods within the NFHS series (NFHS-4 & NFHS-5) to assess changes in child growth indices at the district level. The spatial distribution of current child growth indices was visualized through thematic mapping. The findings highlight an uptick in stunted children across 7 districts, and both underweight and stunted children in 12 and 32 districts respectively in Uttar Pradesh. NFHS-5 data reveal that several districts in Uttar Pradesh still exhibit prevalence rates exceeding 50% for stunting, 20% for wasting, and 30% for underweight
Addressing Student Attrition in An Open Distance E-Learning Undergraduate Program: The Case of The University of The Philippines Open University Bachelor of Arts in Multimedia Studies Program
Authors: M. Amoloza Emely , T. Bautista Maria Paula
Published: July 2024

Student attrition is indicative of how the educational system of academic institutions fairs. Addressing student attrition is a greater challenge for academic institutions solely focused on delivering Open and Distance eLearning (ODeL) education. A plethora of studies have found that attrition rates in the ODeL set-ups are higher compared to the conventional face-to-face physical arrangement (Moore et al., 2017; Rotar, 2022; Shaw et al., 2016; Muljana et al., 2019). This high rate of online attrition is rooted in the clamor of non-traditional students for more online courses that have significantly changed the course of growth of online learning. To address this attrition issue, this study aims to describe and examine the student attrition in the University of the Philippines Open University Bachelor of Arts in Multimedia Studies (BAMS) Program during the academic years covering 2018 to 2023. Based on available data, the primary reasons for student withdrawal in the BAMS Program is transferring to another university. This holds for all the academic years within the five-year coverage of this study. Other factors contributing to withdrawal include financial constraints, conflict in schedules, mental health issues, migration, exceeding residency limits, and adaptation challenges to nontraditional distance learning environments. Generally, the results of this study showed that there was a low attrition rate among the BAMS students. Thus, this study advances further study that would delve deeper into the reasons behind student withdrawals from the BAMS Program by using qualitative methods. Additionally, incorporating statistical analysis can reveal associations among variables, helping identify root causes of attrition. The study’s limitation lies in its focus solely on students withdrawing from the program rather than those shifting within the university, which could offer further insights for program enhancement.
Solutions to Promote Vietnamese Consumers to Use Environmentally Friendly Products Made From Coffee Grounds
Authors: Hong Hanh Ngo Thi , Khang Nhu Nguyen Hoang , Huy Le Dang
Published: July 2024

This research explores environmentally friendly products made from coffee grounds and examines the trend of using these products. The results illustrate: (i) Those who have never/do not use products made from coffee grounds often do because the products are not yet widespread, but this group is likely to purchase and use the products in the future; (ii) For those who have used/ currently using these products, they mainly started using them recently and a high percentage said they would definitely continue to purchase and use these products; (iii) The percentage of environmentally friendly products from coffee grounds is primarily between 20% to less than 40% within the group of environmentally friendly products; (iv) Common products made from coffee grounds include biodegradable coffee straws and cosmetics, with social media being the primary source of product information; (v) The purpose of using environmentally friendly products is to support the trend of environmentally friendly products; (vi) The factor of others around them using environmentally friendly products has the greatest impact on the trend of using products made from coffee grounds; (vii) Consumers are most concerned about the hygiene and quality of environmentally friendly products made from coffee grounds. Based on the research results, the authors propose several short-term and long-term solutions for businesses producing and trading products from coffee grounds to encourage Vietnamese consumers to use these products.
Mental Health Consequences of Migration: An Exploration
Authors: K Jaseema , K P Dr Shabeer
Published: July 2024

Migration significantly impacts mental health, with migrants facing stressors such as discrimination, trauma, and social isolation. This paper explores the mental health consequences of migration, highlighting the prevalence of disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among migrants. It discusses challenges in accessing mental health services, including cultural barriers and lack of awareness. The paper emphasizes the need for integrated, culturally sensitive approaches to address migrants' mental health needs, advocating for increased access to services and improved mental health literacy. Additionally, it underscores the importance of migration health data in understanding and addressing migrants' health needs, proposing strategies to enhance data collection and management.
Teknologi Busana Zero Waste Fashion pada Busana Casual Sebagai Upaya Green Lifestyle Fashion
Authors: Warno Kusminarko
Published: July 2024

Di era yang semakin berkembang berbanding terbalik dengan keadaan lingkungan yang semakin buruk namun dibarengi dengan trend berbusana yang semakin beragam pula baik di Indonesia maupun di dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan busana dengan teknologi zero waste sebagai upaya green lifestyledan mengetahui tanggapan dari para ahli busana serta calon pengguna mengenai pas suai hasil pembuatan busana zero waste sebagai gerakan green lifestyle dalam bidang fashion. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Metode dalam pengambilan data menggunakan uji panelis ahli dan uji panelis calon pengguna yang dilengkapi dengan lembar penilaian dan angket. Sebagai sampel uji dibuat tiga outer casual dengan konsep teknologi zero waste sebagai gerakan green lifestyle. Untuk memperoleh instrument serta sampel uji yang akurat peneliti melakukan validitas internal dan validitas eksternal. Data penelitian merupakan 5 panelis ahli busana serta 131 calon pengguna Wanita remaja hingga dewasa dengan rentang usia 18-50 tahun yang telah memiliki pengalaman mengenai teknologi zero waste. Pengambilan sampel penelitian  dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan tenik deskriptif dengan presentase. Adapun hasil penelitian berupa tiga buah outer casual dengan bahan lurik, batik dan katun polos yang dibuat dengan teknologi busana zero waste sebagai gerakan green lifestyle pada bisang busana dengan hasil sangat baik menggunakan bahan lurik, sangat baik menggunakan bahan batik dan baik menggunakan bahan katun polos.
Nódulos benignos da mama: uma revisão dos diagnósticos diferenciais e conduta
Authors: Fukumori Giulia , Moura Dafne Dalledone , Santos Nathália Luisa Saraiva , Costa Maria Gabryela Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Os nódulos benignos de mama são achados comuns na prática clínica e podem gerar preocupação e ansiedade nas mulheres. O diagnóstico diferencial destes é fundamental para a conduta e manejo adequado. Esta revisão objetiva apresentar os principais diagnósticos diferenciais dos nódulos benignos da mama bem como discutir a conduta adequada em cada especificidade. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca sistematizada utilizando as plataformas:  PubMed, Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science. Fez-se mão dos seguintes descritores DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde): "nódulos benignos da mama", "diagnóstico diferencial", "conduta clínica", "fibroadenoma", "cistos mamários", "lipoma", "adenose", "mastite".  Para a inclusão foram selecionados os estudos: artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, em língua inglesa ou portuguesa, que abordassem os diagnósticos diferenciais dos nódulos benignos da mama e a conduta apropriada para cada caso. Foram excluídos estudos que não atendiam a esses critérios ou que não apresentavam informações relevantes para a revisão. As informações obtidas foram organizadas e apresentadas de forma clara e concisa. Resultados: Nota-se diversos diagnósticos diferenciais dos nódulos benignos da mama, incluindo fibroadenoma, cistos mamários, lipomas, adenose, mastite, dentre outros. Cada um desses diagnósticos apresenta características clínicas, radiológicas e histológicas específicas, auxiliam no diagnóstico preciso. A punção aspirativa por agulha fina, biópsia por agulha grossa, cirurgia, assim como o acompanhamento clínico são opções de manejo para os casos. Conclusão: A conduta clínica para cada tipo de nódulo benigno varia de acordo com suas características clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas. Em alguns casos, pode ser necessária a realização de exames complementares, como a mamografia, ultrassonografia ou biópsia, para confirmar o diagnóstico e orientar a conduta.
Exame clínico objetivo estruturado como ferramenta de avaliação na residência médica em ginecologia e obstetrícia: revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Julia Gomes , Santos Aryanny Furtado Lucena dos , França Nathália de Almeida , Costa Ricardo Sousa Amancio da , Menusi Gabrielly
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado (ECOE) é considerado um dos métodos mais eficazes para avaliar o processo de aprendizagem, uma vez que examina o desempenho do participante em uma tarefa clínica específica. O ECOE tornou-se popular como método de avaliação, pois permite, de maneira padronizada, avaliar as competências e habilidades individuais dos estudantes, empregando um cenário específico e uma lista de verificação previamente estabelecida. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência do serviço de ginecologia e obstetrícia sobre o exame clínico objetivo estruturado, promovendo uma reflexão sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos de uma determinada instituição de ensino superior. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para realizar a revisão acerca do tema, foi realizada uma busca de artigos científicos nas bases de dados Medline/PubMED, SciELO e LILACS, publicados entre os anos de 2019 a 2024. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados obtidos demonstram que esta atividade é fundamental, pois favorece o desenvolvimento de habilidades necessárias ao atendimento clínico realizado pelos médicos. Além disso, esta ferramenta auxilia na identificação de lacunas de conhecimento. Considerações finais: Portanto, o ECOE constitui uma ferramenta que auxilia na formação dos profissionais da saúde em consonância com as novas Diretrizes Curriculares, favorecendo a padronização do processo ensino-aprendizagem, bem como reduzindo possíveis equívocos que possam causar dano ao paciente.