bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maria Quitéria / Soldado Medeiros
Authors: MAIA Helder Thiago Cordeiro
Published: May 2023

A partir das discussões da crítica literária sobre “donzelas-guerreiras”, analisamos as obras Diário de uma viagem ao Brasil (1824 [1990]), de Maria Graham, Paraguassú: epopeia da guerra da independência na Bahia (1837), de Ladislau dos Santos Titara, À heroína (1859 [1977]), de Franklin Dória, Brasileiras Célebres (1862 [2004]), de Joaquim Norberto Souza Silva, Anno biographico brazileiro (1876), de Joaquim Manoel de Macedo, Mulheres Illustres do Brazil (1899), de Ignez Sabino, Grandes vultos da independência brasileira (1922), de Affonso de Taunay, Heroínas Bahianas (1936), de Bernardino José Souza, Precursoras Brasileiras (1945), de Olmio Barros Vidal, Maria Quitéria (1953), de Pereira Reis Júnior, e Maria Quitéria: peça em três atos (1958), de Nancy Navarro Carvalho, com o objetivo de entendermos, principalmente, como são narrados o gênero e o trânsito de gênero vividos pela personagem histórica e literária Maria Quitéria de Jesus/Soldado Medeiros (1792-1853). Estamos interessados em entender não só como a personagem é construída enquanto uma “donzelaguerreira”, mas também qual o lugar que Maria Quitéria/Soldado Medeiros ocupa na formação das identidades e dos cânones literários nacionais.
[Recebido em: 21 mai. 2022 – Aceito em: 18 jun. 2022]
Analysis retention of nursing staff during the covid-19 pandemic at the Dumai City Hospital in 2022
Authors: Roziah Roziah , Afandi Dedi , Ismainar Hetty , Hartono Budi , Sari Siska Mayang
Published: May 2023

Background: the incidence of nursing staff turnover during the Covid 19 pandemic was the highest among all staff with work agreements at the Dumai City Hospital. With the reduced number of nursing staff, the hospital is at risk of experiencing disruptions in the availability of human resources.

Purpose: To eksplore the nursing staff retention program at the Dumai City Hospital.

Method: This research was a phenomenological qualitative research, with a sample of 13 people. They were recruited using purposive sampling technique, and data were collected through  in-depth interviews, observations, FGD and document searches. Data were analyzed using the colaizzi methode which consist of nine stages.

 Results: It was found that staffing by the head of the room for nursing staff during the afternoon shift and night shift still needs to be improved, the orientation of new nursing staff  is experiencing rapid progress with the publication of orientation guidebooks and orientation report cards, preceptorship and mentoring have taken place naturally and needs to be improved by making guidelines and SOP, nurse career paths are still focused on PK 1 nurse assessment, nursing staff rotation is carried out based on urgent needs and conditions.

Conclusion: The nursing staff retention program at the Dumai City Hospital, namely staffing, orientation of nursing staff, preceptorship and mentoring, career development of nursing staff still needs to be improved and developed from aspects of planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating. So that the activities that have been taking place can be even better useful in preventing the turn over of nursing staff at the Dumai City Hospital.

 

Key words : Retention program, nursing staff, turnover
Comparative studies and analysis of efficiency code-based hybrid cryptosystem
Authors: Kuznetsov А.А. , Gorbenko Y.І. , Kiian A.S. , Uvarova А.А. , Kuznetsova T.Y.
Published: May 2023

The basic principles of construction and operation of McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems based on the use of error-correcting codes are considered. A new hybrid cryptosystem, that combines rules of encryption according to the above-mentioned schemes, is proposed. Also, an analysis and comparative studies are carried out in terms of stability, volume of public and private keys, length of ciphertext and relative speed of information transmission of the new proposed scheme and McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems presented both in an analytical form and by means of a graphic. Comparative studies revealed that the hybrid cryptosystem retains the positive aspects of its predecessors, as well as allows increase in the relative transmission rate with the preservation of the stability indicator to the classical and quantum cryptanalysis, but, unfortunately, one important limitation is still preserved - a large size of the required key data.
Essence and features of Grover’s method implementation on a classical computer for symmetric cryptanalysis
Authors: Gorbenko Yu.I. , Kaptyol Ye.Yu.
Published: May 2023

This paper is devoted to detailing, mastering for use, checking cryptanalytic properties and demonstrating the use of Grover’s method for cryptanalysis of symmetric cryptographic transformations. The essence of the method and its refinement are presented in order to implement Grover’s quantum algorithm on a classical computer.
Method of Maturity Assessment of Air Traffic Management Security System
Authors: Gorbenko I.D. , Zamula O.A. , Vdovenko S.G. , Chernysh V.I.
Published: May 2023

The protection of the air traffic management system infrastructure of the air navigation services provider is carried out by ensuring the security of information and telecommunications systems, physical security, personnel security and ensuring the continuity of air navigation services provision. Here the authors first proposed a method for assessing the maturity of a security management system in the air traffic management system of air navigation service provider. The proposed method allows determining the actual and predicted levels of compliance of the security management system in the air traffic management system to the current requirements of regulatory legal acts, international standards, taking into account the weight coefficients.
Analysis of Reasons for Referral and Coverage of Breast Cancer Screening of Women Who are Internally Displaced Persons: Data and Perspectives
Authors: Ponzel Nataliia , Kolesnyk Pavlo , Petovka Daniela , Bretsko Yurii , Kolesnyk Oleksandra , Lazaryk Vladyslav
Published: May 2023

Millions of Ukrainian citizens were forced to leave their homes after the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Today the activation of social, humanitarian and medical problems is determined in Ukraine. A lot of internally displaced persons (IDPs) moved to the western regions, in particular, in Transcarpathia.
Thousands of patients lost their family doctors and lost the permanent medical care. The main reasons for the doctor’s consultations are the treatment and primary care of the existing diseases. Screening and the early detection of cancer is not a priority and are ignored by the patients often.
However, breast cancer (BC) remains the most common disease among female population in the country. In women 18–24 years old BC is in the third place in the disease structure (10.8%), in persons 30–74 years old its rate is 27.6–20.6 %.
The objective: to perform the statistical analysis of the reasons for the referral to the doctor of the IDPs and to evaluate the frequency of the referrals for BC screening.
Materials and methods. 2500 visits of IDPs to the doctors were registered in the clinic “InterFamily” (Uzhhorod). The reasons for the visits, diagnosis, medical management were coded with cods from the table “ICPC-2” in Excel program on the basis of which the research was conducted.
Results. 657 women who are IDPs visited the doctor, 29.8% of them were 18–39 years old, 65% – 40–74 years old, 5.2% – over 75 years old. The patients were from all the regions of Ukraine that were affected by war direct invasion. The largest number of patients were from Donetsk, Luhansk regions, as well from Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia and Kyiv regions. The most often reasons for the doctor’s visits were recorded respiratory diseases (23.8%), cardiovascular diseases (22.0%), diseases of the musculoskeletal system (9.5%), skin pathology, digestive organs and endocrine diseases (6.7%, 6.9% and 6.1%, respectively).
Only 4.5% of all women 40–74 years old who were IDPs visited the volunteer clinic for BC screening, 0.5% of women 40–74 years old who were consulted for medical care not connected with female reproductive organs, or who visited clinic for prevention care, were referral for BC screening by a family doctor.
Conclusions. BC screening had only 4.5% of women that indicate the low level of doctor’s concern and, probably, insufficient knowledge of women for diagnosis of this disease. A research project to study the motivation for BC screening of patients who are IDPs and the family doctors is proposed.
Cellular and Humoral Disorders of the Immune System at Osteoarthritis with Comorbidity of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Authors: Halabitska Iryna , Babinets Liliia
Published: May 2023

The objective: to study the change in immunological parameters in patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) under conditions of comorbidity with the digestive tract (DT) diseases, accompanied by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI).
Materials and methods. The study included 304 patients with primary OA in comorbidity with DT diseases, accompanied by EPI out of exacerbation. The comparison group included 30 almost healthy persons. The patients with primary OA were comparable by age, gender and course of primary OA and were divided into 5 groups by type of comorbid pathology of DT organs, accompanied by EPI: the I group (n=62) – patients with primary OA without comorbid pathology, the 2d group (n=59) – patients with primary OA in comorbidity with chronic pancreatitis (CP), the 3d group (n = 60) – patients with primary OA in comorbidity with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis and functional diseases of gallbladder and biliary system, the 4th group (n=61) – patients with primary OA and chronic gastroduodenitis, the 5th group (n=61) – patients with primary OA and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Results. The analysis of immunological parameters in patients with primary OA indicated on the statistically significant changes in the studied indicators in all groups compared to the control group (p<0.001), which specifies immunological disorders in the patients.
A statistically significant increase in the level of T-lymphocytes in all studied groups was revealed compared to the control group (p<0.001), which indicates the activation of the T-cell link in immunity in patients with primary OA.
The presence of negative effects of comorbid gastroenterological diseases in primary OA on the formation of immunodeficiency was determined.
Conclusions. A statistically higher level of autoimmune disorders in patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) has been established under conditions of comorbidity with gastroenterological diseases, accompanied by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It is proved that the deepening and progression of autoimmune disorders in primary OA is affected by the comorbidity of the digestive tract pathology.
Efficiency of Complex Correction of Endotoxicosis in Chronic Pancreatitis During Renewal Treatment
Authors: Sabat Zoriana , Babinets Liliia
Published: May 2023

Clinical manifestations and features of endogenous intoxication syndrome (EIS) in severe and critical conditions are described in the literature. EIS is one of the defining typical clinical and pathogenetic syndromes of the formation and severity of chronic pancreatitis (CP).
The objective: to analyze the EIS parameters by CP in patients outside of exacerbation and their impact on the quality of patient’s life and the dynamics under the influence of the proposed treatment programs with the inclusion of ginkgo biloba drugs and bioregulatory therapy.
Materials and methods. 100 patients with diagnosis of CP who had outpatient treatment took part in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 73 years old, the average age was 51.0±1.1 years. EIS was determined based on the concentration of medium molecular weight peptides with maximum absorption at the wavelength 254 nm and 280 nm and circulating immune complexes. Patients’ quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire.
The patients were divided into three 3 groups. The persons in the 1st group (n=34) received generally accepted treatment (GAT) in accordance with the clinical diagnosis and the protocol proposed by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine (Order No. 638 of 09/10/2014), the patients in the 2nd group (n=33) received GAT together with a course of ginkgo biloba (memoplant), the individuals in the 3rd group (n=33) received the GAT with a course of memoplant and bioregulatory therapy (BRT).
Results. In the examined patients with CP a decrease in all indicators of the quality of life according to the SF-36 was found, the parameters of the role (33.7±3.4) and emotional (37.0±3.9) functioning scales decreased mostly, the average value of physical health was 51,1±7.2, psychological one – 45.1±3.9. An increase in EIS indicators was determined, which were reliably correlated with indicators of quality of life. In the patients who received GAT and ginkgo biloba the more significant dynamics of EIS regression were established at the levels of the studied indicators, however, their normalization to the control level was observed only in the 3rd group of patients who received an additional course of BRT (p<0.001).
Conclusions. The results of the study determined a negative impact of EIS on parameters of quality of life according to the SF-36 in patients with CP, which justifies the necessity for the correction.
A more severe EIS according to the levels of the studied indicators was found among people with excessive and reduced body weight (p<0.05), which indicates a more severe course of the inflammatory process. According to the dynamics of EIS the indicators in patients with CP it is possible to claim a higher efficiency of therapy with additional prescription to the generally accepted treatment of ginkgo biloba and a course of bioregulatory therapy.
Effectiveness of Differentiated Hepatotrophic Therapy in Complex Management of Patients with Comorbidity of Chronic Pancreatitis and Chronic Viral Hepatitis С
Authors: Khomyn Halyna , Babinets Liliia
Published: May 2023

An important problem of the combined course of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the study of the effects of chronic HCV, even after the treatment, in particular for the condition of the pancreas and liver in patients with CP. Often hepatotrophic therapy is used for this purpose, which should be differentiated depending on the needs of patients with comorbidity of CP and chronic HCV.
The objective: to analyze the functional and structural condition of the pancreas and liver in patients with CP after the chronic HCV treatment by the proposed complex treatment with additional inclusion of hepatotrophic drugs.
Materials and methods. 80 patients with a combined course of CP and chronic HCV were examined. According to the methods of treatment the patients were divided into three groups. The 1st group included 20 patients with CP and chronic HCV, who received a common complex for treatment (CCT) by protocol for 3 months. In the 2d group 25 patients with CP and chronic HCV received CCT with additional inclusion of hepatotrophic agent for 3 months. The 3d group included 35 patients with CP and chronic HCV with CAGE≥2.0, who took CTC with additional inclusion of hepatotrophic agent for 3 months and metadoxine for 3 months.
Results. The more significant level of efficiency of therapeutic complex with the additional inclusion of hepatotrophic agent was determined when metadoxine was prescribed. It was found that the content of fecal α-elastase increased by 19.6 %, 37.5 % and 66.9 %, glucose level decreased by 13.4 %, 11.0 % and 28.4 %, glyconized hemoglobin – by 12.3 %, 22.1 % and 25.8 %, HOMA index – by 16.3 %, 21.9 % and 56.0 %, coprogram score – by 12.8 %, 18.3 % and 88.7 %, the total index of the pancreas structure – by 7.2 %, 15.1 % and 85.7 %, and the total indicator of liver structure – by 11.7 %, 17.5 % and 44.7 %, respectively in groups (p<0.05).
It was established that the inclusion of the hepatotrophic medicine in the standard therapy of CP with chronic HCV improved the results of treatment for the restoration of the functional and structural condition of the pancreas.
Conclusions. The additional prescription of the hepatotrophic agents combination significantly increased the effectiveness of treatment according to the dynamics of the functional capacity of pancreas and restoration of its structure (p<0.05). It was confirmed that a complex medical program with additional use of polysubstrate hepatoprotector exceeded the efficiency of the protocol treatment for the structural condition of the liver by 36.0 %, and with a combination of hepatotrophic agents – by 51.9 %; regarding the pancreas condition – by 22.3 % and 38.3 %, respectively (p<0.05). The combined use of hepatotrophic agents was also more effective than monotherapy with one drug.
How to measure urban water security? An introduction to the Water Security Assessment Tool (WATSAT)
Authors: Babel Mukand , Chapagain Kaushal , Shinde Victor
Published: May 2023

The objective of the project was to develop a web-based digital tool called the Water Security Assessment Tool (WATSAT) to help city authorities and decision-makers make an objective evaluation of the water security situation in the city. It uses an indicator-based methodology that measures five distinct dimensions (broad elements) of water security: “Water supply and sanitation”, “Water productivity”, “Water-related disasters”, “Water environment”, and “Water governance”, which together culminate into a Water Security Index (WSI). The tool is developed based on the water security assessment framework developed by Babel, Dang, Sharma, and Shinde (2015). WATSAT results in a quantitative assessment of water security in a city, wherein the WSI provides an overall picture of the water security situation in a city, while the evaluation of the various dimensions helps identify areas of concern. WATSAT aids city authorities in having a holistic understanding of water security and interconnections of various factors affecting it and assists them in informed decision-making to arrive at system-based interventions to tackle water security threats in the cities.
SLIP OF THE TONGUE IN BBC NEWS ANCHORS’ VIDEOS IN TEXTUAL PRONUNCIATION CONTEXT
Authors: Paradewari Dirtya Sunyi , Bram Barli
Published: May 2023

One of the speech error phenomena is a slip of the tongue, which frequently occurs in pronunciation. Accordingly, the paper intended to address two questions. First, what are the types of the slip of the tongue found in BBC news anchors’ utterances? Second, what are the frequency effects that influence the slips of the tongue in the videos? Data were collected from YouTube videos of BBC news anchors in textual pronunciation, namely pronunciation in context. The analysis was conducted based on the types of slips of the tongue and frequency effects. Results showed that the three types of slips of the tongue occurring in the videos were anticipation, perseverations, and exchange. The four frequency effects identified in the videos were the lexical expectation effect, the speaking rate effect, the type effect, and the location similarity effect.
THE PORTRAYAL OF ENGLISH GENTLEMAN IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY AS SEEN IN DICKENS’ GREAT EXPECTATIONS NOVEL
Authors: Muhajir Fatimah
Published: May 2023

This study deals with the portrayal of English gentleman in the 19th century as seen in Charles Dickens' Great Expectations. The purpose of this study is to describe a portrait of the English gentlemen that are represented by the characters such as Pip, Herbert Pocket, Dumble, Mattew Pocket, Mr. Jaggers and Compeyson as illustrated by Dickens. This research uses descriptive  qualitative method and sociology of literature theory by Diana Lawrenson and Alan Swingewood in analyzing the relationship between the portrayal of English gentelman and its social conditions in at the time. The results of this study  shows that there are several categories of gentelman title that represented by the characters in the story, namely:  Drummle is gentleman by birth (aristocrats), Pip is gentleman by wealth, Gentleman by education or the gentleman students include Pip, Herbert Pocket, and Dummle. The gentleman by profession represented by Mr. Matthew and Mr.Jaggers. While moral code ethics of the gentleman can detemine a man if he the true gentleman or  fake / wicked gentleman. In fact the true gentleman in this story is Mr. Matthew while the fake gentleman is Compeyson.
DISFEMISME PADA UNGGAHAN AKUN TWITTER AREAJULID
Authors: Ans A’idah Husna Lutfiyyah , Devi Ery Kurnia , Masdita Fitri Icha , Ardiansyah Muhammad Aflah
Published: May 2023

This study will discuss the use of dysphemism contained in the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. This study aims to describe the form, synonyms, and background of the use of dysphemism contained in the upload of AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. This research data is in the form of sentences containing dysfemism. Data were collected by referring to the note method and note technique. The data source used is the upload of the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. The method of providing data is by referring to the note taking technique. Data were analyzed by the method of distribution and techniques for direct elements, sleep techniques, dressing techniques. The results of the study are: 1) the form of usage and synonymism of dysphemism in uploading the October edition of AREAJULID Twitter account 2019; 2) the background of the use of dysphemism in the upload edition of the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition. The form of using dysfemism in uploading the AREAJULID Twitter account in the October 2019 edition was found in two forms, namely in the form of words consisting of basic words and affixed words, and in the form of phrases. The background to using dysphemism includes: 1) declaring taboo, indecent, and pornographic things; 2) negative depictions about someone or something; 3) express irritation or anger; 4) criticize or blaspheme; 5) demean someone or something; 6) insult or reproach; 7) swearing or cursing at something.
SIMULAÇÃO IN SITU PARA O TREINAMENTO DE SUPORTE BÁSICO DE VIDA NO CONTEXTO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira , Silva Bruno Inglesson Roque Félix da , Carreiro Bruno Oliveira , Romão Lucas Gabriel Bezerra , Mazzo Alessandra
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: capacitar profissionais de saúde em Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV), identificar os scores de autoconfiança para intervenções em emergências e conhecer a percepção de profissionais de saúde sobre a simulação in situ enquanto estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem em tópicos de urgência e emergência no contexto da Atenção Primária. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação realizada em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do interior do nordeste brasileiro. Para a intervenção, foram planejadas e executadas aula expositiva, treino de habilidades, sessão de simulação in situ. E, de forma complementar, sessões de simulação clínica. Antes e após a intervenção, com o objetivo de aferir a autoconfiança para intervenções em emergências, foi utilizado uma versão portuguesa da Self-confidence Scale. Para a caracterização sociodemográfica e análise da autoconfiança pré e pós, foi utilizada a estatística descritiva simples. A análise qualitativa deu-se por meio do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes são do sexo feminino (75,0%), com idade média de 41 anos, agentes comunitários de saúde (25,0%), com tempo de formação profissional médio de 7,3 anos, e tempo de atuação profissional de 8 anos. A maioria não possuía formação em SBV (66,7%) e em urgência e emergência (66,7%). Conclusão: em relação a autoconfiança para atuação em emergências, foi possível identificar que os participantes, no pós-teste, melhoraram o padrão de resposta, atribuindo maiores scores de autoconfiança para atuação em emergência. Foi identificado também as contribuições do método simulação in situ para a formação em SBV, as fragilidades e as potencialidades.
Menelusuri model teks akademik
Authors: izza akhmad
Published: May 2023

teks akademik adalah karya tulis ilmiah yang membahas tentang ilmu pengetahuan yang disusun secara sistematis
Differential expression of EFNB3 in cancer of the cervix.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (1-3); the transcriptional features that distinguish the gene expression programs of HPV-induced cancers from that of other solid tumors resulting from non-viral abrogation of tumor suppression remain incompletely defined. We mined published microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the most common type of cervical cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding ephrin B3, EFNB3, when comparing tumor tissue from the human cervix to the tissue of origin. EFNB3 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the cervix as compared to normal tissues from the cervix. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of EFNB3 in tumors of the cervix was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with cervical cancer. EFNB3 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of cancer of the cervix in humans.
Less is more: Local focus in continuous time causal learning
Authors: Btesh Victor J. , Bramley Neil R , Speekenbrink Maarten , Lagnado David
Published: May 2023

In this study, we investigated human causal learning in a continuous time and space setting. We find participants to be capable active causal structure learners, and with the help of computational modelling explore how they mitigate the complexity of continuous dynamics data to achieve this. We propose that participants combine systematic interventions with a narrowed focus on causal dynamics that occur during and directly downstream of their interventions. This task-decomposition approach achieves comparable accuracy to attending to all the dynamics, while discarding almost half of the data. We argue this strategy makes sense from a resource rationality perspective: ignoring dynamics outside of interventions saves computational cost while the interventions naturally decompose the global learning problem into a series of more manageable sub-problems. We also find that when the causal relata are given real world labels, participants will use their domain specific priors to guide their structure inferences. In particular, individuals with accurate prior expectations were less likely to make the common local computations error of mistaking an indirect for a direct relationship. Overall, our experiments reinforce the idea that humans are frugal and intuitive active learners who combine actions and inference to optimize learning while minimizing effort.
Development of Multimodal Turn Coordination in Conversations: Evidence for Adult-like behavior in Middle Childhood
Authors: Agrawal Abhishek , Liu Jing , Bodur Kübra , Favre Benoit , Fourtassi Abdellah
Published: May 2023

The question of how children develop multimodal coordination skills to engage in meaningful face-to-face conversations is crucial for our broader understanding of children's healthy socio-cognitive development. Here we focus on investigating the ability of school-age children to coordinate turns with their interlocutors, especially regarding when to take the floor (i.e., the main channel of the conversation) and when to provide attentive listening signals via the back channel. Using data of child-caregiver naturalistic conversations and data-driven research tools, we found that children aged 6 to 12 years old already show adult-like behavior both in terms of reacting to the relevant channel-specific cues and in terms of providing reliable, multimodal inviting cues to help their interlocutor select the most appropriate channel of the conversation.
नेपालका सङ्गीत रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियोमा तबलावाद्यको प्रयोग - अवस्था र चुनौती {Use of tabla in music recording studios of Nepal - situation and challenges}
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal वेङ्कटेश Wenkatesh
Published: May 2023

रेकर्डिङ्ग (अभिलेखन) भन्नाले कुनै उल्लेख्य कार्यको आधिकारिक जानकारी उपलब्ध गर्न÷गराउने उद्देश्यका लागि गराइने विभिन्न प्रक्रिया वा कार्य भनेर प्रज्ञा नेपाली बृहद शब्दकोषमा उल्लेख रहेको छ । प्राचीनकालमा अभिलेख राख्नका लागि छाला, वस्त्र, ताडपत्र, शिला, स्वर्णपत्र, ताम्रपत्र, आदिमा लेखन गर्ने वा कुँद्ने प्रचलन रहेको थियो । वर्तमान समयमा भौतिक विज्ञानद्वारा आविष्कार गरिएका विभिन्न विद्युतीय उपकरणको प्रयोग गरी अभिलेख राख्ने प्रचलन रहेको छ । माइक्रोफोन, मिक्सर, स्पिकर, एम्प्लिफायर विभिन्न उपकरणहरू प्रयोग गरी सङ्गीत सम्बन्धी अभिलेख तयार गरिने स्थानलाई वर्तमान समयमा रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियो भनिन्छ । प्रस्तुत लेख काठमाडौँमा रहेका रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियोहरुमा स्वतन्त्रवादन बाहेक सङ्गीत अन्तर्गतका विभिन्न रचनात्मक कार्यमा गरिने तबलावादनका बारेमा केन्द्रित रहने छ । नेपालको रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियोहरूमा तबलावादनको विषयका बारेमा यस किसिमको लेख प्राप्त नभएको हुनाले यस शिर्षकमा केहि जानकारी उपलब्ध गराउन खोजिएको हो । शास्त्रीय एवम् रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियोमा क्रियाशील रहेका वादकहरूमध्ये प्रसिद्ध कलाकारहरूमध्ये अध्येताको पहुँचमा रहेका तबलावादकहरूसँगको छलफलका आधारमा लेखमा केहि तथ्य उपलब्ध गराइएको छ । प्राथमिक (काठमाडौँ उपत्यका भित्रका सम्बन्धित विषयका विभिन्न व्यक्तिहरूसँग छलफल), द्वितीयक (विभिन्न विद्वानहरूको स्नातकोत्तर एवम् विद्यावारिधी शोधग्रन्थ, प्रकाशित पुस्तक, खोजमूलक लेखहरू) श्रोतको सहयोगमा गुणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरि लेख तयार गरिएको छ । तबलावादनको व्यावसायिक मार्ग रेकर्डिङ्ग स्टुडियो तर्फ लाग्न चाहने व्यक्तिहरूलाई प्रस्तुत लेखले केहि जानकारि प्रदान गर्ने छ ।
{Pragya Nepali comprehensive dictionary mentions that recording means various processes or actions carried out for the purpose of providing official information of a significant work. In ancient times, there was a practice of writing or engraving on leather, cloth, palm paper, stone, gold paper, copper paper, etc. to keep records. Nowadays, there is a trend of keeping records using various electronic devices invented by science. A recording studio is a place where music records are prepared using various devices like microphones, mixers, speakers, amplifiers. The presented article will be focused on the tabla playing in various creative works under music apart from freestyle in the recording studios in Kathmandu. Since there is no such article about the subject of tabla playing in the recording studios of Nepal, we have tried to provide some information on this topic. Some facts have been provided in the article based on discussions with tabla players who are within the reach of scholars among the famous artists who are active in classical and recording studios. The article has been prepared using the qualitative method with the help of primary (discussion with various people of related subjects within Kathmandu Valley), secondary (postgraduate and postgraduate research papers of various scholars, published books, investigative articles) sources. This article will provide some information for people who want to take the professional path of tabla playing towards the recording studio.}
Language Teachers’ Autonomy in EFL Classroom: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Gyawali Shiva Kumar
Published: May 2023

The study aims to find out practices undertaken by English language teachers for their autonomous development in EFL classrooms. Autonomy has become one of the most problematic and significant issues to be discussed in the field of teacher education in the recent era. This paper deals with the ways to support teachers in their classroom practices, as well as a way of improving professional practices and career development. It is based on qualitative research in general and narrative inquiry in particular. The information is based on four teachers from the community as well as institutional schools. It mainly discusses the perceptions and practices of teachers towards teacher autonomy. From the obtained information, the study found positive feelings of teachers towards employing initiatives taken regarding autonomy, and they note that other stakeholders must encourage the teachers’ efforts for successful implementation. It reveals that most schools have strong and self-empowered human resources but proper encouragement and application parts seem to be weak.
Zaburzenia formy i treści wypowiedzi w dialogu i narracji schizofatycznej. Implikacje terapeutyczne
Authors: Lipski Wojciech
Published: May 2023

Zaburzenia językowe w schizofrenii mają stałe miejsce w klasyfikacjach zaburzeń językowych. Wciąż jednak brakuje standardów postępowania logopedycznego pozwalających na przeprowadzenie sprawnej procedury terapeutycznej. Autor w prezentowanym artykule odniósł się do schizofazji interpretowanej jako zaburzenie treści i formy wypowiedzi. Zarówno treść, jak i forma wypowiedzi powinny stanowić przedmiot terapii logopedycznej osób schizofatycznych. Logopeda może być pełnoprawnym członkiem teamu terapeutycznego wraz z lekarzem psychiatrą, psychologiem/psychoterapeutą czy terapeutą terapii zajęciowej i innymi osobami z personelu medycznego.
Making Students Responsible for Grammar Learning: A Report on a Learner-Centered Technique Aimed at Accuracy
Authors: Nováková Zuzana
Published: May 2023

Learner-centered approaches to learning and teaching alongside education for sustainable development (ESD) emphasize the education of engaged and active global citizens (UNESCO, 2017). The development of students’ reflective skills and metacognitive strategies is the center of this study that aims at investigating the learner language of a group of adult learners at an upper-intermediate level. It sets out to investigate to what extent learners are able to notice and correct their errors after reflecting on their spoken production. Moreover, it seeks to examine the students’ perception of their self-reflection and their attitude towards using speaking tasks for grammar learning. Comparative error analysis showed that the participants were able to amend 34.6% of total errors. These were made mainly in noun phrases (30% of total errors in Task 1 and 31% in Task 3) and verb phrases (40% of total errors in both tasks). Although no general conclusions could be drawn, the results seem to suggest that after critical, evidence-based reflection, the participants were able to notice and correct some errors, namely, in determination and the use of the past simple. The results of the survey analysis showed that all participants reported on an improved awareness of the gaps in their interlanguage, and all of them considered speaking tasks beneficial to grammar development. The study indicates that carefully planned, repeated speaking tasks might be helpful for learners’ language processing, consolidation of their grammatical knowledge and the improvement of their reflection skills and metacognitive strategies.
Listening Strategies and L2 Listening Comprehension: Does the Test Method Matter?
Authors: Mahdavy Babak , Mousavi Namavar Masoomeh
Published: May 2023

Many studies have so far tried to examine the relationship between listening strategies and listening comprehension. However, it seems that none of them have focused on the effect of the test method on the findings. The present study has investigated the issue by having 55 English language learners respond to pictorial and non-pictorial listening test items with different response formats. The listening section of the Preliminary English Test (PET) and a 36-item listening strategies questionnaire were administered in the first session and after a week’s interval, the participants took a modified version of PET listening. The data were collected in a language laboratory. Several correlation and regression tests were run to investigate the relationships between listening comprehension as measured by the original and modified PET listening tests and metacognitive, cognitive and socio-affective listening strategies. The results showed that L2 learners’ use of metacognitive listening strategies is the strongest predictor of listening performance. In addition, the findings indicated that the relationship between the use of listening strategies and listening performance is mediated by the kind of test method which is used for measuring L2 listening. Directions for future research and implications for practice are presented.
Factitious Cushing’s Syndrome a Case Report
Authors: Kapur-Pado Rani , Homan Mal R.
Published: May 2023

Factitious Cushing’s syndrome secondary to surreptitious ingestion of prednisone is a unique disorder, with only five reported cases. The clinical presentation can be indistinguishable from endogenous Cushing’s syndrome, and biochemical evaluation can be misleading, creating a diagnostic challenge. A case of factitious Cushing’s syndrome secondary to surreptitious ingestion of prednisone is reported. Inconsistencies in results of laboratory tests led to suspicion of exogenous corticosteroid medication, confirmed by measurement of urinary prednisone and prednisolone levels. Although rarely reported, factitious Cushing’s syndrome needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypercortisolemia.
Angiosarcoma of the Lung
Authors: Samuels Louis E. , Sharma Sameer , Kaufman Marla S. , Shaw Palma M. , Blaum Louis C. , Shidham Vinod , Narayanan Surya
Published: May 2023

We report a case of a 64 year old female with a history of hemoptysis and pulmonary lesions. Exploratory thoracotomy, evacuation of the hemothorax, and biopsy of a pulmonary mass with pleural and pericardial metastasis was performed. Pulmonary angiosarcoma was diagnosed. We present this case as an additional example of this rare and lethal lesion and review the literature to better define its characteristic features.
Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Cheng Mei-Chang
Published: May 2023

Intensity modulated radiation therapy resolves the major problem of the Radiation Oncologist: how to deliver a lethal dose of radiation to a tumor without causing permanent damage to surrounding normal structures.
Use of Bacterial Antigen Testing for Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis: Deja Vu All Over Again
Authors: Camp Carol
Published: May 2023

Bacterial antigen tests of 223 urine samples yielded four true positive and 25 false positive reactions; on 55 CSF, one true positive and two false negative reactions. Because of the high rate of false positive tests on urine and false negative on CSF, bacterial antigen testing should be limited to CSF testing of “community acquired” meningitis cases with documented antibiotic pre-treatment, a negative gram stain, and laboratory parameters suggesting meningitis of bacterial etiology.
Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Friedenberg William
Published: May 2023

Stem cells for hematopoietic transplantation may be obtained from another person, either related or unrelated (allogeneic), an identical twin (syngeneic), or from the patients themselves (autologous).1,2,3 The source for stem cells can be from the bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood, or fetal tissues. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has been proven to be an effective treatment for a wide range of hematological, immunological, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is most attractive for diseases involving the patient’s bone marrow such as aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, multiple myeloma, and chronic granulocytic leukemia. Approximately 25 to 30% of patients will have a related donor (sibling) who is tissue matched (HLA typing) closely enough to consider stem cell transplantation. Others may receive unrelated matched stem cells by finding a donor through the international registry. Identical twins are rare, and the role of cord blood, especially in adults, is yet to be defined. The morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplantation is quite high, especially beyond the age of 50, because of graft versus host disease as well as other complications. Graft versus host disease is the reaction against the patient by the immunity provided from the bone marrow donor, which can cause a severe reaction in the patient’s liver, skin, and/or gastrointestinal tract. Since most patients develop malignancy over the age of 50, autologous stem cell transplantation (obtaining an individual’s stem cells from their own bone marrow or peripheral blood) is attractive because it is capable of restoring hematopoiesis and avoiding much of the toxicity associated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation, especially graft versus host disease and prolonged myelosuppression due to graft rejection or failure. When dealing with a malignancy such as breast cancer or lymphoma, autologous stem cell rescue following chemotherapy allows a higher dose of chemotherapy to be given. This avoids the consequences of severe myelosuppression and improves the treatment of the underlying malignancy because of the higher doses utilized.
Bombshell: The Secret Story of America’s Unknown Atomic Spy Conspiracy by Joseph Albright and Marcia Kunstel
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

Now that the dust is settling and the mania for secrecy generated during World War II is subsiding, it allows the printing of a well-documented publication about the accomplishments of spies in their efforts to break the wall of secrecy established by the U.S. and British governments surrounding the first great breakthrough of weaponry since the invention of gun powder.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

In the recent past, the Journal has printed a book review of the 1918 Flu Epidemic (1990; 59:225) and a progress note on the Spanish Influenza (1998;67:36). Recently, there appeared a short terse notice in the local newspaper that the indomitable Dr. Kristy Duncan has recently received all the necessary permits for exhumation of the 1918 victims buried in the permafrost of Spitsbergen. She has also raised money for an expedition to the island. A group of experts has been collected, and they are due to arrive at the island during the summer of 1998.
Something Old and Something New
Authors: Friedenberg William
Published: May 2023

Perhaps this issue of the Guthrie Journal can be summarized as a portion of a bride's attire, that is ‘something old and something new.’ Dr. Bartenhagen dips into antiquity to describe our linguistic roots in his discussion of the origins of the word ‘doctor.’ Much of what we do and how we are perceived are influenced by the words we use to describe ourselves. Dr. Bartenhagen dazzles me with his description of the origin of the words for doctor and physician, giving me new insights into the origin of my profession.
What Made My Practice Great
Authors: Mahon Frank B.
Published: May 2023

Good evening. I wish to thank each and everyone of you for coming here tonight. Many of you have traveled great distances or made significant sacrifices to share this evening with us. Tonight is an occasion that I will truly treasure and remember for the rest of my life.
Catching Cold: 1918’s Forgotten Tragedy and the Scientific Hunt for the Virus That Caused It by Pete Davis
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

We have cautioned the readers of this journal in the past that we would keep them informed of the advances made in isolating the virus responsible for the epidemic of flu in 1918. A new author has entered the field with a very excellent review of the whole field of influenza and the latest progress made in the isolation of the 1918 virus.
Role of p53 Tumor Suppressor in Mitochondrial Apoptosis
Authors: Khera Samira Y. , Chang Nan-Shan
Published: May 2023

The p53 tumor suppressor plays an important role in controlling gene expression, cell growth and apoptosis. Mutation of p53 has been found in more than 50% of cancers, suggesting its role in cancer development. P53 induces the expression of a variety of apoptosis inducing proteins, some of which are located in mitochondria. In addition to its nuclear localization, p53 is also found in the mitochondria and translocates from the nucleus to this organelle during apoptosis. P53 appears to play a homeostatic role of mitochondrial biogenesis, function and apoptosis. P53 physically associates with a mitochondrial protein WOX1 (WW domain oxidoreductase). Without WOX1, the p53 apoptotic function is impaired. This review discusses the functional significance of p53 and WOX1 in mitochondrial apoptosis.
Guthrie Joint Camp: Improved Care At Lower Cost
Authors: Pogge Caroline R.
Published: May 2023

The Problem:

Review of operative procedures within the Guthrie Healthcare System revealed that major joint replacement (DRG 209) was not only decreasing in volume but becoming more expensive.

The Goal:

To review all aspects of care of patients needing major joint replacement for potenti al opportunities to streamline the experience while increasing quality, decreasing cost, and increasing patient satisfaction.

The Solution/Results:

To begin the review process, all physician staff, nursing and allied health staff and administration involved in any way in the care of patients needing joint replacement were stimulated to participate in a review of the current practices at Robert Packer Hospital and to compare them to best practices throughout the country. The Musculoskeletal Service Line Leader organized these efforts and initiated the review of DRG 209. As a result of this intense review, practice changes were determined and established using a multidisciplinary approach. It was through everyone's review of their portion of the DRG and a complete restructuring of the DRG 209 process that ‘Joint Camp’ evolved.

Its premise is that joint replacement patients are not sick; therefore, a wellness approach was utilized. Initially, physicians eva luated their surgical practice. Through vendor negotiations, supply variances were eliminated and the organization was able to obtain significant cost savings. Next, the patient experience was changed through the use of a ‘coach,’ who helped the patient with rehabilitation during the hospital stay and after discharge. Also, a community setting was utilized for their reh abilitation process. This supportive, yet competitive environment increased their mobility at a faster rate than previously experienced, thus resulting in enhanced outcomes, a decreased length of stay, and a patient satisfaction score in the 99th percentile.

Our case numbers have continued to increase, our patient satisfaction scores are continuously in the 99th percentile, the DRG has become profitable, and the quality has been enhanced through the use of the ‘coach.’

This successful Joint Camp program has now been started in Corning Hospital.
Beating Heart Surgery: To Pump or not to Pump?
Authors: Reitknecht Felice L.
Published: May 2023

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) decreases morbidity, lowers cost, and has patency rates similar to conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Indications for operative and anesthetic management and outcomes of OPCAB are reported.