bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food consumption patterns, socio-demographic status and nutritional risks of women in low and middle income communities in Kwandengezi, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors:   Durban University of Technology, Gumede S , Napier C ,   University of Auckland
Published: June 2022

Food consumption patterns have changed dramatically in recent times. Traditional diets are replaced by “westernised diets” causing nutritional risks like malnutrition. Unemployment and lack of nutrition education have an impact on communities, in terms of the foods being purchased and consumed. This research seeks to establish a true reflection of the nutritional status, food intake patterns of the communities participating in the study and influencing factors. This is to estimate if the low income community, the north section is in a more disadvantaged situation when compared to the middle income community, the south section. The objective was to determine the socio-demographic status, food consumption patterns and nutritional risk of a low-income and middle-income community that reside in KwaNdengezi Township in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.The research being undertaken consists of descriptive and theoretical studies. Upon consention, participants data were collected by means of an interview setting. A set of questionnaires included, Socio-demographic, Food Frequency and 24-Hour Recall questions. The anthropometric measurements were taken in order to determine the body mass index status. Both sections of the township were affected by unemployment. The education status of the participants showed concern as both sections had fewer graduates. The mean Food Variety Scores (FVS) (±SD) for all items consumed from various food groups during seven days, indicated a medium where both sections had a good dietary diversity score ranging from 7-9 food groups, which summarize the food group diversity as being in the majority in the north section. The results of energy distribution of macronutrients from the average of the 24-hr recall when compared to the WHO dietary factor goals showed that the participants’ diet was well balanced, in relation to macronutrient intake for both sections but was lacking in micronutrient intake. Overweight and obesity tests showed disturbing results with majority of women caregivers in both sections found to be obese, showing risks of obesity related illnesses (NCDs). More nutrition knowledge should be geared towards educating the most vulnerable and poverty stricken communities. The micronutrient intake must be promoted at lower and middle income communities.. The government should devise and implement projects that empower women so that they are not co- dependent. Key words: Food, Consumption, Low and Middle- income, Education, Nutritional risks, KwaNdengezi, South Africa
Farmers’ selection cues in cowpea for vegetable use in eastern Uganda
Authors:   Uganda Christian University, Kyebalyenda T , Nakanwagi MJ , Sseremba G , Buteme R , Kabod PN , Odeke V ,   Kumi District Local government, Amayo R ,   Busitema University, Runyararo JR ,   Makerere University, Egeru A , Falk T ,   International Crops Research Institute for Semi- Arid Tropics, Kizito EB
Published: June 2022

A participatory cowpea varietal selection was carried out in Eastern Uganda in Kumi district among farmers (n=30) in the sub-Counties of: Ongino, Kumi and Kanyum. A range of opinions were collected to identify farmers’ selection criteria based on different sensory attributes and their most preferred genotypes for vegetable use. A preference analysis was carried out to obtain quantitative preference scores of each plot. This was followed by organoleptic tests which included attributes like taste, aroma and texture of the genotypes at the vegetative and immature R4 stages. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were also held to find consensus of the independent evaluations made by individual farmers. Data for sixteen (16) cowpea genotypes were collected at the different above mentioned stages. Quantitative data were analyzed based on farmers’ scores made on the different evaluated attributes and ANOVA was used to provide mean differences between location, gender and genotype at a significant level of 5%. Preference score for each of the varieties tested was determined and presented. Data from FGDs were grouped, similarities and differences were later determined depending on their level of importance to the farmers. Significant differences (p<0.05) in farmer choices were observed for leaf taste, immature pod aroma, taste and texture; mature pod aroma, taste between farmer groups, age genotype and gender. Irrespective of age, gender, farmer group and genotype, farmers seemed to give more importance to the smooth texture, little hard leaves when chewing, sweet taste with a mild aroma (leaves) and a moderate aroma (pods). Majority (9%) of the farmers preferred Ebelat (landrace) at V4 stage; this was followed by Danila (8.7%). On the other hand, UCUCOW1 (13% at immature and 10.2% at mature cooked R4 stage) followed by Ebelat (9% and 9.8% for immature and mature R4 stage, respectively) were preferred by majority of the farmers. In terms of sensory attributes, farmers preferred genotypes with sweet taste, moderate aroma and tender texture. The information is a baseline for understanding key farmer selection criteria in utilization of cowpea as a vegetable which can be used in generating a demand-led variety design for the crop. Key words: Farmer preferences, demand-led variety design, cowpea vegetable, sensory attributes
Quality of fresh frozen tilapia from selected supermarkets in Malawi
Authors:   Mzuzu University, Bwanamudogo I , Kapute F , Lina A ,   Official University of Bukavu, Mbalassa M , Zaabwe T , Singini W
Published: June 2022

Fish provides a major source of dietary animal protein to Malawi’s population. Majority of tilapia in supermarkets are of different origins and bought from different suppliers. Fish is highly perishable commodity and its quality degrades even in frozen form due to microbial activity. The quality of frozen tilapia (the most commonly traded and consumed fish in Malawi) sold in some reputable supermarkets in Malawi was determined. Fish were collected from nine (9) reputable supermarkets in three (3) regions of the country (north, central and south) and analysed in the laboratory for sensory quality, microbiological, chemical and proximate analyses. Sensory quality evaluation was performed following guidelines earlier developed for fresh tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) in Malawi. Differences and changes in the fish sensory quality were attributed to the effect of storage duration and conditions within the freezer compartment. Two types of bacteria namely, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli were identified on the frozen tilapia, suggesting poor and unhygienic pre-handling. Despite the presence of bacteria on the fish and differences in sensory quality, the frozen tilapia were within the acceptable range for human consumption. Nutrient composition of frozen tilapia was high despite differences (p<0.05) in moisture, ash and crude fat. Fish from different origin were sold mixed in all supermarkets, poor handling along the fish market chain was identified as the major source of fish contamination. Mechanical damages were reminiscent of the effects of frozen storage. There is a need to establish optimum storage time for frozen tilapia in supermarkets to provide products with good quality in terms of sensory properties, nutrient content and safe microbial loads. Key words: fish quality, fresh fish, frozen fish, tilapia, supermarkets, Malawi, Oreochromis spp.
Nutritional knowledge and practice of elite rugby players in Kenya
Authors:   Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kamande PW , Bukhala P , Konyole SO
Published: June 2022

Rugby is a sport that has great physical and physiological demands that come with heavy requirements on the body’s nutrient stores. Nutrition plays a key role when it comes to good performance in rugby and in turn, aspects of nutrition specifically relevant to rugby are used to improve on how an athlete performs throughout the year: pre-season, competition season and off season. Despite the tremendous growth of rugby within the global and Kenyan scene, there are few studies that have been done on the nutrition knowledge and practices of elite rugby union players. The general objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional knowledge and practices of elite rugby players in Kenya. This study adopted the descriptive cross-sectional design. The research was carried out in Nairobi and Kakamega counties in Kenya. Purposive sampling was used to select elite rugby players called up to the national team and the sample size for this study was sixty-seven (67). The data was analysed using SPSS version 25. The study’s results showed that 46% of the respondents were found to be in the age bracket of 25-30 years, with 52% of the respondents having attained tertiary education. Sixty percent (60%) of the respondents played the back position. A large proportion (75%) of the respondents correctly responded that carbohydrates were the main source of energy for the body, whereas only 23% correctly responded that sports drinks are the best to replace fluids on the field of play. The average daily kilocalorie intake of the respondents was low at 2097kcal against a recommended 2165kcal. Milk and milk products were the most consumed sources of protein at 37% (5-6 times a week). Cereals were the most common sources of energy at 30% (daily). There was no significant relationship between nutrition practice and nutrition knowledge amongst elite rugby players in Kenya (r (67) = -0.106, p = .400.). In conclusion, good nutrition knowledge did not necessarily translate to better nutrition practices. There is need for increased nutrition education amongst elite rugby players to ensure dietary intake is per set recommendations. Key words: nutrition, knowledge, rugby union, elite rugby players, practice, dietary intake
Russia in the process of constructing regional structures in Southeast Asia
Authors: Pietrasiak Małgorzata
Published: June 2022

The article aims to show the integration processes in Southeast Asia, with regard to the participation of Russia, and to determine the reason why Russia takes part in them. Based on the demonstration of the international process, two theses have been proven: (1) The project of establishing a Greater Eurasia with the participation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and ASEAN is a grandiose and strategic goal for Russia. The project is supposed to recall the traditional policy conducted by Russia, consisting of it playing the role of a bridge between Asia and Europe drawing China’s attention to this alternative proposal to the Chinese concept of the Belt and Road Initiative. (2) Russia is a player in the geopolitical game in Southeast Asia, even though it is perceived as the closest ally of China. Under the circumstances, where the relations with the EU have been destabilised, it is in the interest of Russia to further the integration and stabilisation of the region with its more active participation. Russia’s more active participation in regional integration is hampered by its low level of economic cooperation with countries in the region and its image: the activities of Russia are still perceived through the prism of the actions and interests of China, its strategic ally both on a regional as well as global scale.
Patricia Hill Collins’ concepts of intersectionality and Stephen Lukes’ concepts of power in the sociological understanding of political correctness
Authors: Nekhaienko Oksana
Published: June 2022

The article actualizes the issue of political correctness and the need to develop tools for its further study. Political correctness is considered in the context of gender studies and power relations. The concept of attitudes towards political correctness is revealed, and an attempt is also made to reveal the mechanism of the formation of linguistic attitudes in the mass consciousness through the prism of the concepts of Stephen Lukes and Patricia Hill Collins. The historical and theoretical foundations of the formation of intersectionality are also considered. Intersectionality is focused on the study of hierarchical differences between individuals and groups, depending on the complex intersections of their position in society, determined by many parameters. Respectively, the intersectional approach to the analysis of power and language allows us to solve a number of methodological difficulties associated with the combination of macro and micro levels, which makes possible the further empirical analysis of political correctness directly as a social phenomenon, while taking it out of the linguistic sphere. Political correctness is studied as a formal embodiment of intersectionality, taking into account all the features of cross-identity in linguistic practices. The use of the intersectional method makes it possible to reveal political correctness not only as speech prescriptions, but as a multi-component phenomenon that must be considered in close connection with various kinds of discrimination. The role of power, as the main element, in the mechanisms of interiorization of attitudes towards political correctness is revealed. We highlight the role of symbolic power in ensuring voluntary consent, which is the basis for political correctness and ensures its relatively stable nature. The possibility of using discourse analysis as one of the main methods of studying political correctness is substantiated.
Kilka uwag o gramatyce dyrektywnych aktów mowy w języku polskim
Authors: Kochańska Agata
Published: June 2022

Niniejszy artykuł Autorka radzi traktować jako krótki rekonesans obszaru, w którym teoria aktów mowy spotyka się z teorią gramatyki. Jego celem jest próba bliższego przyjrzenia się temu, jak rodzaj realizowanego poprzez wypowiedź aktu mowy wpływa na wybór konkretnych struktur gramatycznych użytych w tej wypowiedzi. Konkretnym obszarem, którego dotyczy niniejszy artykuł, są polecenia i prośby (należące do szerszej grupy dyrektywnych aktów mowy) realizowane za pomocą trzech typów zdań w języku polskim: zdań rozkazujących, zdań oznajmujących w czasie nieprzeszłym z czasownikiem dokonanym, oraz zdań oznajmujących w czasie nieprzeszłym z czasownikiem niedokonanym.
Performatywność jako znaczenie wyłaniające się w kontekście w świetle pojęć emergencji i amalgamatów językoznawstwa kognitywnego
Authors: Witczak-Plisiecka Iwona
Published: June 2022

Tekst Autorki jest próbą weryfikacji pojęć emergencji znaczenia oraz amalgamatu, które należą do podstawowych zagadnień językoznawstwa kognitywnego w kontekście specjalistycznego rejestru języka prawa. Praca ta jest również próbą zintegrowania koncepcji znaczenia opartej na kategoriach językoznawstwa kognitywnego z teorią aktów mowy, należącą do pogranicza językoznawstwa i filozofii języka. W celu zilustrowania adekwatności połączenia aparatów badawczych teorii aktów mowy i językoznawstwa kognitywnego przedstawiona została analiza zjawiska performatywności w odniesieniu do deontycznego użycia czasownika „shall” w angielskich tekstach prawnych.
Integrative approach to the quality of preschool education in the development of the creative potential of preschool children
Authors: Nurbekova Saltanat , Saira Zhiyenbayeva , Alimbekova Anar , Nurgaliyeva Dolores , Aitzhanova Elmira
Published: June 2022

The requirements imposed by society also apply to modern preschool education. First of all, it includes the need to create optimal conditions for the education of a dynamic and creative personality, which contributes to a full-fledged interaction with the environment in accordane with their age characteristics and capabilities. In the concept of preschool education and upbringing, the formation of creative and creative potential is an essential task in preschool education. In this regard, it is crucial to create an atmosphere of freedom of expression, encourage children to be proactive and independent, and approve original creative solutions, according to leading scientists such as L.S. Vygotsky, V.V. Davydov, A.V. Zaporozhets, E.I. Ignatiev, T.S. Komarova, N.P. Sakulina, I.V. Strakhov, E.I. Fleerin, the foundations of creative activity and creative potential are laid at preschool age. Therefore, preschool age is more sensitive to the formation of this personality quality. The article discusses the issues of an integrative approach to the quality of preschool education in developing children's creative potential. The essence of the integrative approach is the combination of knowledge from different fields that complement each other. According to T.S. Komarov, "integration is a deeper form of interconnection, interpenetration of different content of upbringing and education of children. It covers all types of children's activities (artistic and creative activities, various games: didactic, mobile; dramatization games, plot-role-playing; visual activity, artistic speech, music).

Keywords:an integrative approach, preschool children, creativity, creative potential, development
The Role of Inflammatory Markers and the Modified Systemic Inflammatory Score in Bethesda Category 3 And 4 Patients for Prediction of Malignancy
Authors: OCAK Sönmez , BÜK Ömer Faruk , SARI Ahmet Can , ÇİFTCİ Ahmet Burak
Published: June 2022

Management of Bethesda Category 3 and 4 patients remains a challenge. The modified systemic inflammatory score (mSIS) and other inflammatory parameters are used for prognosis assessment in various cancers. This retrospective study aims to explore prediction strength of the inflammatory parameters in Category 3 and 4 patients. One hundred and twenty three patients had undergone thyroidectomy for Category 3 and 4 fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). The data of inflammatory markers including Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) and mSIS were evaluated retrospectively. There were no statistically significant difference in inflammatory parameters between benign and malignant patients and none of the inflammatory parameters had predictivity for thyroid cancer. Also in mSIS groups, thyroid cancer incidence were similar (P=0.684). Inflammatory parameters and mSIS were failed to predict thyroid cancer in patients who had category 3 and 4 FNAB.
Energy Yield of the Carbonized Plant Leaf, Petiole and Branch Biomass Briquettes for Sustainable Production of Future Fuels
Authors: Nurhayati Arry Y. , Naufal Achmad Zulfi N. , Hariadi Yuda C.
Published: June 2022

The effective use of waste biomass is an important factor for sustainability and global energy consciousness. Unsurprisingly, tree wastes such as leaves, petiole and branch are plentiful during trimming or autumn season which offer an economical source of biomass. The objective of this study was to probe the mechanical and thermal characteristics of briquettes created from tree waste of langsat, guava and rambutan tree. Collected tree wastes (leaves, petiole and branches) were chopped, mixed and then carbonized at 400-600 °C using a Charcoal Retort tube system. The briquettes were molded manually using a Hydraulically Briquetting Machine at pressures of 20 and 50 N/cm2 for half an hour to 3 hours with regards on the type, density and fragments of the tree. Two system and machine were designed and fabricated by Biophysics Lab, Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Jember. Results indicated that briquettes made from tree waste of langsat, guava and rambutan have signs of mechanical and thermal properties which can be used as briquettes for various industrial uses.Keywords: Sustainability, Alternate fuel, Tree waste, Biomass, Briquette
Kepastian Batas Waktu Penetapan Status Tersangka Dalam Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang di Indonesia
Authors: Holilullah Moh , Khanif Al
Published: June 2022

Proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan adalah tahap yang sangat penting dalam proses penegakan hukum, karena kedua proses inilah yang menjadi titik awal perbuatan seseorang tersebut merupakan suatu tindak pidana ataupun tidak, bukti-bukti yang diperoleh dalam proses tersebut sangatlah menentukan di dalam proses pemeriksaan di persidangan, apabila proses ini tidak dilaksanakan dengan baik, maka harkat dan martabat orang yang diduga melakukan perbuatan pidana dipertaruhkan. Dalam KUHAP belum diatur dengan jelas mengenai kepastian hukum batas waktu penetapan status tersangka oleh penyidik, sehingga dengan tidak adanya aturan hukum terkait kepastian batas waktu dalam penetapan status tersangka tersebut menimbulkan ketidak pastian hukum. Disisi lain pada prinsipnya pengekangan dan pembatasan terhadap kebebasan seseorang tidak boleh dilakukan, namun menurut Pasal 73 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 39 tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia (UUHAM), pembatasan hak dan kebebasan seseorang hanya dapat dilakukan semata-mata didasarkan pada supremasi hukum, untuk memastikan pengakuan dan penghormatan terhadap HAM dan kebebasan mendasar lainnya, kesusilaan, ketertiban umum dan kepentingan bangsa dan negara, lebih lanjut dalam ketentuan Pasal 74 UUHAM bahwa tidak ada ketentuan undang-undang yang dapat ditafsirkan bahwa pemerintah, partai, kelompok atau pihak manapun untuk mengurangi, menghancurkan atau menghapuskan HAM atau kebebasan mendasar yang ditetapkan dalam hukum. Dalam Pasal 69 Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan Dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang menyatakan bahwa “Untuk dapat dilakukan penyidikan, penuntutan, dan pemeriksaan di sidang pengadilan terhadap tindak pidana Pencucian Uang tidak wajib dibuktikan terlebih dahulu tindak pidana asalnya”. Dengan ketentuan pasal diatas tentunya memiliki korelasi dengan batas waktu dalam hal penetapan tersangka, dikarenakan semakin lama proses penyidikan tentunya hak-hak tersangka untuk diadili sesuai dengan asas peradilan yang sederhana, cepat dan biaya ringan, serta semakin lama seseorang menyandang status tersangka hal ini dapat melanggar hak-hak tersangka.
The Policy of Legal-Entity State Higher Education Institutions (PTN-BH) Determination Viewed from Material Law Institutions
Authors: Nurhanifah Isra , Kusdarini Eny
Published: June 2022

PTN-BH is a state university established by government with the status as an autonomous public legal entity. The existence of PTN-BH in ensuring quality and affordable education is questionable because the application of the non-profit principle in the autonomy of higher education is the basis that students must be protected in the imposition of education costs that the state cannot afford, especially in universities with legal entity status. The purpose of this study is to determine the urgency of PTN-BH determination in terms of material law. This study uses a normative juridical method, the data sources used are secondary data and primary data analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate the emergence of the term Legal Entity State Higher Education Institutions beginning with the enactment of Law Number 9 of 2009 concerning Educational Legal Entities, named PTN-BHMN. In the end, the BHP Law was annulled by the Constitutional Court, with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 11-14-21-126-136/PUU-VII-2009 dated March 10, 2010. The BHP Law was declared contrary to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that leads to no legally binding power. The enactment of Law Number 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education becomes the basic foundation for State Universities Ex-BHMN to switch status to PTN-BH. With full autonomy, a state university can independently manage its own household according to the purpose of the campus. It is hoped that universities can develop and innovate more quickly. State universities with the status of Legal Entities actually have wider autonomy which means that PTN-BH can take care of their household more independently. For example, a higher level education institution with the status of a PTN-BH can open a new study program or close it when it is deemed no longer needed. Likewise in financial matters, personnel affairs are also regulated by its higher level education institution.
Surat Kuasa Di Bawah Tangan Untuk Pengikatan Jaminan Fidusia Pada Tranksaksi Pembiayaan Konsumen
Authors: Mediarsari Beru Barus Yolanda Rachel
Published: June 2022

Prakteknya penggunaan surat kuasa di bawah tangan dalam pengikatan fidusia sangat sering dilakukan. Namun, dalam halnya pengikatan fidusia tidak sama dengan pengikatan hak tanggungan, yang mana dalam undang-undang hak tanggungan diperbolehkan digunakan surat kuasa sedangkan pada undang-undang jaminan fidusia tidak diatur mengenai surat kuasa, secara autentik maupun di bawah tangan. Lembaga pembiayaan konsumen sering menggunakan surat kuasa di bawah tangan pada pembebanan jaminan fidusia, padahal dilihat dari peraturannya, sama sekali tidak diatur mengenai penggunaan surat kuasa di bawah tangan pada pengikatan fidusia. Namun, secara prakteknya penggunaan surat kuasa di bawah tangan ini banyak yang menggunakan. Dari latar belakang itulah, ditemukan permasalahan mengenai surat kuasa di bawah tangan pada pengikatan fidusia dalam tranksaksi pembiayaan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah yuridis-normatif. Data yang disajikan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari buku, artikel, serta peraturan-peraturan yang mendukung untuk mencari jawaban dari suatu permasalahan. Penggunaan surat kuasa di bawah tangan pada halnya tidak diperbolehkan, namun bila ada peraturan lain yang mengatur mengenai surat kuasa maka diperbolehkan dipergunakannya surat kuasa di bawah tangan.
The Significance of Market Research in the Business Decision
Authors: Gaikwad Jyoti , Yadav Bhaskar
Published: June 2022

Now in a day’s economy becoming more and more competitive with each passing day and marketplace has increased many folds in recent years. However, the market is affecting due to continuous change in the external environment. The decision-maker finds itself difficult to decide today’s changing complex environment. Having appropriate knowledge about the concerns and preferences of their customers and strategies of competitors has become essential for any business to succeed in the market. Research is one that provides aid to businesses for solving various operational and planning problems. Market research is required almost for every type of business to get success. This study focuses on the need and significance of market research in the business decision and discusses market research and the success and failure of corporate businesses.
Research Perspectives on Students in Britain and Ireland, 1800-1945
Authors: Sharp Emily
Published: June 2022

Historians of Britain and Ireland have long been interested in universities and students. They have acknowledged the importance of these institutions and individuals within the history of elites, the history of the state, intellectual history, the history of science, of social movements and of politics and political thought. Yet, for many years much of this research has centred around higher education institutions themselves rather than the student body that they cater for. Following the expansion of the higher education sector and the growth of the student movement in the 1960s the quantity and quality of literature on British and Irish students, rather than the institutions that they studied at, has grown substantially and has become a burgeoning historical field. This article surveys the development of this historiography and the key research perspectives on students in Britain and Ireland from 1800-1945, focusing on five thematic areas: student culture, student representation and politics, student life during war, students race and empire, and student women - to track the progress, development and connections between the different strands of this historiography over the past fifty years and to offer insights into potential avenues for further research.
Consideración sobre los estudiantes universitarios españoles de 1800 a 1950
Authors: Baldó Lacomba Marc , Perales Birlanga Germán
Published: June 2022

Este artículo hace un balance de los estudios sobre los estudiantes universitarios españoles de 1800 a 1950. Presenta su evolución histórica, su crecimiento, su vida comunitaria, sus ideologías y las protestas que activaron. El artículo muestra la evolución historiográfica desde la historia cuantitativa hasta la historia social y cultural, y sugiere algunas nuevas perspectivas.
Ben Mercer. Students Revolt in 1968. France, Italy and West Germany
Authors: Canales Ciudad Daniel
Published: June 2022

Este artículo reseña:  Ben Mercer. Students Revolt in 1968. France, Italy and West Germany. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2020, 268 pp.
Helena e Páris entre as vozes da poesia mélica grega arcaica
Authors: Betini Paloma Flávio
Published: June 2022

Este artigo pretende analisar, a figura de Helena e de Páris em quatro poetas mélicos arcaicos: Álcman (Fr. 77 Davies), Safo (Frs. 16 e 23 Voigt), Alceu (Frs. 42 e 283 Voigt) e Íbico (Fr. S 151 Davies). Com base no contexto histórico e na ocasião de performance das canções, iremos traçar paralelos com a tradição poética anterior àquela dos poetas, como a do ciclo épico, e posterior, como a da tragédia, com o fim de entender os lugares comuns dos personagens, bem como descobrir possíveis inovações.
Rachel de Queiroz, egrégia escritora, na aridez do solo textual sertanejo
Authors: Leite Josefa Lieuza , Costa Maria Edileuza da
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho versa sobre a exímia escritora da literatura brasileira, Rachel de Queiroz e a crítica literária relativa a ela e ao romance O Quinze, publicado na década de 30, evidenciando a seca de 1915. Na obra literária, destaca-se a seguinte conjuntura: a seca, fenômeno natural; e, as consequências desse, tanto para o Vaqueiro Chico Bento e sua família como para Vicente e Conceição, moça culta da capital. A narrativa O Quinze destacou a autora na literatura brasileira, dado que ela foi a primeira mulher a integrar a Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL), com isso, objetivamos analisar alguns pontos da crítica no que tange à obra, expressando o mérito desta e da escritora na literatura brasileira. Para isso, utiliza-se como abordagem, a pesquisa qualitativa; quanto à técnica, a bibliográfica. Para fundamentar este estudo, perscrutamos os teóricos: Monteiro (1977), Filho (1977), Moisés (1975), Cândido (2006), dentre outros.
Ressocialização e reintegração
Authors: Corrêa Maiara
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho busca apresentar e problematizar a ideia de ressocialização e reintegração a partir de um debate conceitual. Para isso, passa pela sua presença, como pano de fundo, nas políticas para o sistema prisional brasileiro até sua problematização sociológica. Atesta que enquanto outros países apontam para um declínio no ideal reabilitador juntamente ao crescimento exponencial da população encarcerada, no Brasil, apesar de seu caráter punitivo e das altas taxas de encarceramento, esse discurso é relativamente novo e ascendente. O percurso metodológico conta com revisão bibliográfica sobre a literatura relacionada ao tema e revisão de normativas legais em sites oficiais a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa. Com isso, questiona a forma como a população prisional é concebida, assim como a entrada de certos direitos e benefícios nos cárceres brasileiros e as justificativas para a existência e permanência histórica das prisões que, ainda que indiretamente, contribui para a legitimação da própria instituição.
O Trabalho em Equipe e o Fazer entre Profissões em um Centro de Saúde Mental
Authors: Ribeiro Sérgio Luiz , Vicentin Maria Cristina Gonçalves
Published: June 2022

Este artigo trata do trabalho em equipe e o entre profissões num Centro de Saúde Mental paulista. Teve como objetivos analisar e identificar as dimensões de grupalidade e o fazer entre profissões, por meio de pesquisa-intervenção que acompanhou o cotidiano e realizou encontros temáticos com aquela equipe. Como resultados, temos que aquele serviço funcionava como um híbrido, realizando práticas de Unidade Básica de Saúde, Ambulatório de Saúde Mental e Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, e a cozinha era utilizada como espaço privilegiado para a construção do comum e do entre profissional da equipe. Concluímos propondo que os serviços de saúde mental criem espaços de atuações conjuntas e encontro dos profissionais para a tessitura e reflexão do entre profissional e do comum nas equipes. Também, que se discutam outras formas de financiamento e de serviços de saúde mental nos pequenos municípios, de acordo com suas necessidades e possibilidades.
Esperança e Qualidade de Vida em Pessoas Idosas
Authors: Silveira Talita de Alencar , Silva Júnior Edivan Gonçalves da , Eulálio Maria do Carmo
Published: June 2022

Introdução: Estudo transversal, que objetivou avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) e o sentimento de esperança e analisar a correlação entre esses construtos com dados demográficos. Métodos: Participaram 508 idosos, de ambos os sexos. Utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos: questionário demográfico, Escala de Esperança de Herth e WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: A idade variou de 60 a 92 anos (M=71,16; DP=5,95). As médias gerais de QV e esperança foram de 66,03 (DP=19,8) e 38,6 (DP=4,5), respectivamente. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as médias de QV e esperança, com relação à variável sexo. Foram encontradas correlações positivas e estatisticamente significativas entre todos os domínios da QV e a variável esperança. O modelo formado com as variáveis estudadas explicou 22,5% da variação da esperança, com destaque do fator psicológico da QV. Conclusão: A relação entre o sentimento de esperança e a qualidade de vida carece de uma maior atenção no campo da pesquisa e das intervenções com idosos.
FELDSTEİN-HORİOKA BULMACASI VE TÜRKİYE'DEN KANITLAR
Authors: PEHLİVAN Ceren
Published: June 2022

Ülkelerin ekonomik büyümesinin artırılmasında yatırımların ve tasarrufların rolü büyüktür. Yatırımların kaynağının nereden sağlandığı konusu literatürde birçok başlıkla araştırılmıştır. Feldstein ve Horioka tasarruf ve yatırım ilişkisini uluslararası sermaye hareketleri çerçevesinde incelemiştir. Çalışmada sermaye hareketlerinin serbest olması durumunda yurtiçi tasarruflarla yatırım arasında düşük düzeyde bir ilişkinin olacağı vurgulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Feldstein-Horioka bulmacası olarak literatürde geçen hipotezin varlığı Türkiye için araştırılmıştır. 1990-2019 yıllarını kapsayan çalışmada yapılan FMOLS-DOLS sonuçları doğrultusunda uluslararası tasarrufların yatırımları daha fazla etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada yapılan Frekans Dağılım nedensellik analizi sonucunda tasarruf değişkeninden yatırıma doğru orta ve uzun dönemde bir ilişkinin olduğu, yatırım değişkeninden tasarruf değişkenine doğru ise orta dönemde bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Effective sediment depth for phosphorus release in a monomictic eutrophic lake
Authors: Márquez-Pacheco Henri , Hansen Anne M.
Published: June 2022

Sediments play an important role in phosphorus (P) dynamics in eutrophic lakes. P concentrations are higher in surface sediments compared to deeper layers, representing a pool of P that can be released into the water column. Effective sediment depth for P release is different among lakes and little is known about this depth. Through experimental evaluation of P release in sediment cores, characterization of sediment porosity and distribution of P fractions in the sediment profile from a monomictic eutrophic lake, we determined which sediment layers produce release of P. The release of P in sediment layers of different depths varied between 0.89 and 2.07 mg P/m2×d with the highest P flow found in the sediment layer of 0-15 cm. The porosity of the sediment strata varied between 68 and 80%, with higher porosity in the surface sediment and decreasing porosity with depth of the sediment profile. We found that P bound to Fe/Mn (BD-P), Al/Fe oxides (NaOH-SRP), and organic matter (NaOH-NRP) were higher in the layer of 0-15 cm than in deeper layers. Sediment porosity, P release, total P and concentrations of the different P species in the sediment profile declined with sediment depth, stabilizing at the depth of 15 cm in the sediment profile. Therefore, we conclude that the effective sediment depth for release of P in this monomictic eutrophic lake is found up to 15 cm.
Implementation of the eCDC/WHO Recommendation for Molecular Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants and Its Challenges
Authors: Lee Sin Hang
Published: June 2022

Large population passages of the SARS-CoV-2 in the past two and a half years have allowed the circulating virus to accumulate an increasing number of mutations in its genome. The most recently emerging Omicron subvariants have the highest number of mutations in the Spike (S) protein gene and these mutations mainly occur in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the S gene. The eCDC and the WHO recommend partial Sanger sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 S gene RBD and NTD on the PCR-positive samples in diagnostic laboratories as a practical means of determining the variants of concern to monitor a possible increased transmissibility, increased virulence, or reduced effectiveness of vaccines against them. The author’s diagnostic laboratory has implemented the eCDC/WHO recommendation by sequencing a 398-base segment of the N gene for the definitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples, and sequencing a 445-base segment of the RBD and a 490-509-base segment of the NTD for variant determination. This paper presents 5 selective cases to illustrate the challenges of using Sanger sequencing to diagnose Omicron subvariant when the samples harbor a high level of co-existing minor subvariant sequences with multi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or possible recombinant Omicron subvariants containing a BA.1 NTD and a BA.2 RBD, which can only be detected by using specially designed PCR primers. The current large-scale surveillance programs using next-generation sequencing (NGS) do not face similar problems because NGS focuses on deriving consensus sequence.
Long-Term Results and Failure Analysis of the Open Latarjet Procedure and Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Adolescents
Authors: Waltenspül Manuel , Ernstbrunner Lukas , Ackermann Jakob , Thiel Katja , Galvin Joseph W. , Wieser Karl
Published: June 2022

Background:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the long-term results of arthroscopic Bankart repair compared with an open Latarjet procedure in adolescents who are at high risk for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. We hypothesized that the long-term stability rate of an open Latarjet procedure would be superior to that of arthroscopic Bankart repair.

Methods:

Forty eligible patients (41 shoulders) with a mean age of 16.4 years (range, 13 to 18 years) underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair, and 37 patients (40 shoulders) with a mean age of 16.7 years (range, 14 to 18 years) underwent an open Latarjet procedure. Of these, 34 patients (35 shoulders) in the Bankart group and 30 patients (31 shoulders) in the Latarjet group with long-term follow-up were compared; the overall follow-up rate was 82%. Clinical and radiographic results were obtained after a mean follow-up of 12.2 years (range, 8 to 18 years).

Results:

Treatment failure occurred in 20 shoulders (57%) in the Bankart repair group and in 2 shoulders (6%) in the open Latarjet procedure group (p < 0.001), representing a significantly higher revision rate for instability in the Bankart group (13) compared with the Latarjet group (1) (p < 0.001). In patients without recurrent shoulder instability (15 in the Bankart group and 29 in the Latarjet group), there was a significant improvement in the Constant score (p = 0.006 in the Bankart group and p < 0.001 in the Latarjet group) and Subjective Shoulder Value (p = 0.009 in the Bankart group and p < 0.001 in the Latarjet group), without any significant difference between the 2 groups. Younger age was the only variable significantly correlated with failure following a Bankart repair (p = 0.01).

Conclusions:

Adolescents are at a high risk for treatment failure after Bankart repair, and, therefore, the Latarjet procedure should be strongly considered as a primary procedure for recurrent anterior shoulder instability in this population.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Modern External Ring Fixation Versus Internal Fixation for Treatment of Severe Open Tibial Fractures
Authors:   Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium (METRC)
Published: June 2022

Background:

Modern external ring fixation has been hypothesized to reduce complications requiring hospital readmission compared with internal fixation when treating patients with high-energy open tibial shaft fractures. In this study, the 1-year probability of a major limb complication was compared between external and internal fixation of severe open tibial fractures.

Methods:

This multicenter randomized clinical trial included patients 18 to 64 years of age with severe open tibial shaft fractures randomly assigned to either modern external ring fixation (n = 127) or internal fixation (n = 133). The primary outcome was a major limb complication within 365 days after randomization; these complications included amputation, infection, a soft-tissue problem, nonunion, malunion, and a loss of reduction/implant failure.

Results:

Of 260 randomized patients, 254 were included in the final analysis. Their mean age (standard deviation) was 39 (13) years; 214 (84%) were men. The probability of at least 1 major limb complication was higher for external fixation (62.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 53.4% to 70.8%]) than internal fixation (43.7% [95% CI: 35.5% to 52.9%]), with a risk difference of 18.4% (95% CI: 5.8% to 30.4%); p = 0.005). The most notable difference was in loss of reduction/implant failure, the rate of which was higher for external fixation (risk difference: 14.4% [95% CI: 7.0% to 21.6%]; p = 0.002). There was no appreciable difference in the probability of deep infection between external fixation (26.1%) and internal fixation (29.7%) (risk difference: −3.5% [95% CI: −14.8% to 7.8%]; p = 0.54). There were also no appreciable differences in the probabilities of amputation, nonunion, soft-tissue problems, malunion, or fracture healing between the groups.

Conclusions:

These results argue against routine use of modern external ring fixation for the treatment of these severe open tibial fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Effect of Abduction Brace Wearing Compliance on the Results of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Grubhofer Florian , Ernstbrunner Lukas , Gerber Christian , Hochreiter Bettina , Schwihla Ines , Wieser Karl , Bouaicha Samy
Published: June 2022

Background:

The benefit of protective bracing after rotator cuff reconstruction has been debated for many years, although immobilization compliance has never been assessed objectively to date. In a previous study, compliance with the wearing of an abduction brace was measured for the first time with use of temperature-sensitive sensors. The purpose of the present follow-up study was to assess the effect of immobilization compliance on tendon-healing after rotator cuff repair.

Methods:

The clinical and radiographic outcomes for 46 consecutive patients with objectively assessed abduction brace wearing compliance after arthroscopic repair of a superior rotator cuff tear were prospectively analyzed. Rotator cuff integrity was examined with ultrasound. Clinical outcomes were assessed with the relative Constant-Murley score (RCS), the Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), and pain and patient satisfaction ratings. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimal cutoff value of abduction brace compliance for discriminating between shoulders that will and will not have a retear and the association of compliance with the failure of rotator cuff repair.

Results:

After a mean duration of follow-up of 20 ± 9 months, the odds ratio for having a rotator cuff repair failure was 13-fold higher for patients with a compliance rate of <60% (p = 0.037). The retear rate was 3% (1 of 35 patients) in the high-compliance cohort (≥60% compliance) and 27% (3 of 11) in the low-compliance cohort (<60% compliance) (p = 0.037). No differences in RCS, SSV, pain, or postoperative patient satisfaction were observed between patients with ≥60% compliance and those with <60% compliance.

Conclusions:

Patients with a compliance rate of <60% had a 13-fold increase in the risk of rotator cuff retear. The 2 patients with the lowest compliance rates (11% and 22%) both had retears. Due to the small sample size, no final conclusions can be drawn regarding the influence of immobilization compliance on tendon-healing after rotator cuff repair. These findings justify a prospective trial with a larger cohort to confirm or disprove the value of compliance with abduction bracing.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Orthopaedic Residency Applicants' Perspective on Program-Based Social Media
Authors: Brinkman Joseph C. , Deckey David G. , Tummala Sailesh V. , Hassebrock Jeffrey D. , Spangehl Mark J. , Bingham Joshua S.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Social media and online resources have been used in graduate medical education for years. In addition to an official residency program website, many orthopaedic surgery programs have an established social media presence to interact, educate, and engage with prospective applicants. The role of social media in orthopaedic surgery has significantly expanded in recent years. Despite its increasing use, the specific impact of social media on orthopaedic surgery residency applicants remains unknown.

Methods:

Applicants to the home institution's orthopaedic surgery residency program were sent an optional online survey during the 2020 to 2021 application cycle. No incentive was provided in exchange for participation.

Results:

Of 812 orthopaedic surgery applicants, 650 (80%) completed the survey. Program-based social media is widely accessed by applicants. Instagram is used by most applicants (61.9%), and nearly a third (28.7%) rely on it as their main resource when researching prospective residency programs. The majority (66.9%) agreed that social media can be successfully used to inform and interact with applicants. Most of the applicants (60.6%) also reported that social media had a positive impact on their perception of the associated program. Only 5.7% of respondents indicated that social media had a negative influence. The most effective uses of social media seem to be in allowing a program to display its culture and transparency.

Conclusion:

Social media plays a substantial role in the orthopaedic surgery residency application process, and its use continues to grow. Programs can use it to effectively engage with and inform prospective applicants. The impact of social media is positive on most of the applicants. Instagram is the preferred social media platform used by applicants, and nearly one-third rely on it as their main resource when researching programs. Investing time and resources into a social media presence seems to be a worthwhile pursuit for orthopaedic surgery programs as an important piece to a well-rounded recruitment effort of modern orthopaedic surgery applicants.