bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musikkhistorier: Endringsprosesser og videreføringer i musikkhistorieundervisningen ved Norges musikkhøgskole 1973–2023
Authors: Pedersen Gjertrud
Published: November 2023

The article illuminates music history teaching at the Norwegian Academy of Music (NMH) from 1973 to 2023 through two questions: How have mandatory music history courses at NMH been described in the curriculum through fifty years and to what extent is there accordance between the formal descriptions and the teachers’ practice as they express it? What changes have taken place in music history teaching at NMH in the period 1973–2023?

The research is based on written material in the form of curricula and course descriptions, as well as qualitative interviews with fifteen former and current teachers at NMH. The article highlights issues related to what is formulated in the written curricula, the teachers’ perceptions of what they actually did and the teachers’ own reflections on what they believe is essential in music history teaching at NMH. The text presents themes and issues that have been common to the teaching of music history in several study programmes, such as classical music, Norwegian traditional music, improvised music and jazz, music education, composition and church music – both in terms of how music history teaching has been organised and carried out, as well as which themes have been emphasised. In conclusion, the article discusses the ways in which music history can be relevant for music students, both during the course of study and with regard to the working life the students will be a part of after graduation.
Educating music teachers at the Norwegian Academy of Music: How did we arrive here?
Authors: Johansen Geir
Published: November 2023

The history of the Bachelor of Music in Music Education Programme at the Norwegian Academy of Music goes back to the establishment of the Academy in 1973. This article focuses on the fundament upon which it was built in terms of subject traditions and philosophical bases and aims to describe the lines along which it developed from there into its current shape in the 2020s. Of particular interest are the issues, debates and decisions about structural as well as curricular changes along the way, together with patterns occurring and reoccurring across these changes over the decades. These are seen in the light of how they have influenced the students’ education, as reflected in notions of identity and knowledge. During the period that the article addresses, a gradual clarification of implicit priorities emerged together with a constant differentiation of the programme curricula and widening of its scope. The latter unfolded from initially concentrating on classical music together with a one-dimensional notion of music teacher identity, to including jazz, pop, rock and traditional folk music and a multifaceted music teacher identity, wherein an emerging interest in community music could also be identified. Nevertheless, hierarchies emerged between propositional, tacit and bodily knowledge, and the included music cultures, as well as in the positioning of the programme within the total programme portfolio of the institution. A need for further systematic information about the programme was identified, along with the importance of acknowledging a continuing debate.
Spesialoperasjon: Ukraina og Russland 2004–2023
Authors: Kolstø Pål
Published: November 2023

John Færseths Spesialoperasjon: Ukraina og Russland 2004–2023 er en svært lesverdig og ryddig fremstilling av det kompliserte forholdet mellom Russland og Ukraina de siste 20 årene og gir en meget god bakgrunn for å forstå Russlands fullskala-angrep på Ukraina 24. februar 2022.
John Færseth’s Spesialoperasjon: Ukraina og Russland 2004–2023 (Special Operation: Ukraine and Russia 2004–2023) is a highly readable, balanced and trustworthy presentation of the complicated relationship between Russia and Ukraine over the past 20 years, and provides a good background for understanding the full-scale Russian attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022.
Introspection of Mental Illness Side by Side with Ethical, Linquistical, and Psychological Research. Review of: Nathan Carlin, N. (2022).Pathographies of Mental Illness. Series: Elements in Bioethics and Neuroethics. Cambridge University Press
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Komenda Anastasiia
Published: November 2023

The review examines the work of Nathan Carlin on the stories of people with mental illnesses written by them in comparison with clinical information from the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The appropriateness and correctness of the information for the general public, people with these diseases, and specialists in the field of psychology and psychiatry were analysed. Despite its seemingly purely psychiatric content, Nathan Carlin's work is an ethical-linguistic study of mental illness, which involves it in a wider field of discussions in the field of applied ethics, linquistic philosophy, and philosophy of psyhology.
Hoffen und Bangen
Authors: Freyermuth Gundolf S.
Published: November 2023

The paper explores the history of the future in Western society, from the Renaissance to the post-pandemic present, and the media through which the shifting visions of the future are expressed. Four distinct phases are identified: the pre-modern era and its quest for a secular future focusing on the organizational improvement of worldly conditions; the modern era, which emphasized progress and the promise of better times ahead; the post-modern era, marked by dystopian scenarios of humanity’s destruction of the planet; the current period and its aspirations for humanity’s evolution through digital technology. – An accumulating number of ‘new’ media have shaped these designs of the future: First, the printed book allowed for the literary evocation of utopian and early science fiction visions. Later, the industrial media of film and television represented imagined futures audiovisually. Currently, digital games provide interactive simulations of dystopian and utopian futures, enabling immersive experiences and cyborg-like engagement. The further evolution of media may hybridize material reality and different software virtualities, thus facilitating extended experiences of potential futures. – The paper demonstrates that – as a consequence of changing cultural values and technological advances – four overarching “grand narratives” have structured the modern media history of the future: the humanistic metanarrative of secularization in pre-industrial modernity; the mass humanistic metanarrative of welfare through progress in the industrial age; the post-humanistic metanarrative of the climate catastrophe during the de-industrialization and early digitalization period; and finally, the emerging transhumanistic metanarrative of an impending digital singularity entailing a technological augmentation of the human species.
Mathematical Model of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B with the Effect of Treatment and Vaccination
Authors: Latifah Meilina Latifah , Helma
Published: November 2023

Hepatitis B is a type of liver inflammation caused by infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Vertical transmissions can transmit hepatitis B. The precautions that can be taken to avoid vertical transmission of Hepatitis B are curable with treatment and vaccination. The goal of this research is to learn the mathematical model of Hepatitis B vertical transmission by observing the effects of treatment and vaccination, stability analysis, and interpreting the analysis results from the model. This research is essential. Points of equilibrium were discovered based on the model analysis. Through treatment and vaccination, vertical transmission of Hepatitis B will not become epidemic, according to the conclusions of this mathematical model's investigations. Meanwhile, as more and more effective contacts between infected individuals and vulnerable individuals occur and the average number of sexual partners per infected adult female, the vertical transmissions of Hepatitis B will grow.
Sosialisasi, Edukasi dan Pembentukan Kelompok Taruna Tani Di Desa Bandasari Kecamatan Cangkuang Kabupaten Bandung Tahun 2023
Authors: . Rudiana . , Sutisna Jajang , Afifah Dian Fitriani
Published: November 2023

Kelompok Taruna Tani Jajaka Bertani dari Pondok Pesantren Al-Qur’an Al-Bayum memiliki beberapa permasalahan, yaitu masih terlalu mudanya anggota kelompok tani, tidak berjalannya penyuluh pertanian untuk kelompok tani, kurangnya motivasi dari anggota untuk bertani, dan kurangnya pengetahuan diri mengenai pertanian dan keorganisasiannya, serta kurang tepatnya pola pikir dari kelompok ini yang hanya menjadikan hasil dari kelompok tani untuk konsumsi sendiri padahal seharusnya kelompok tani memasarkan hasil taninya untuk khalayak banyak. Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah beberapa sosialisasi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan interview. Metode pelaksanaan dari kegiatan ini adalah dengan cara sosialisasi dan praktik secara langsung. Diketahui dari hasil sosialisasi dan asesmen yang dilakukan menjadikan setiap anggota menjadi sadar akan pentingnya keempat elemen yang disosialisasikan demi keberlangsungan kelompok tersebut. Kegiatan yang dilakukan selama PPM membuat setiap anggota dari Kelompok Taruna Tani Jajaka Bertani menerapkan kebiasaan yang dipraktikkan pada setiap harinya.
PENDIRIAN PUSAT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI LANGKAH PERSIAPAN KEJAR PAKET B UNTUK MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG GUNUNG BUBUT, DESA BANDASARI
Authors: Gunawan Wahyu , Yunita Desi , Zakaria Saifullah , Lesmana Aditya Candra
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, dan mewujudkan masyarakat yang maju serta dapat mengembangkan diri. Pendidikan sendiri terbagi menjadi beberapa bagian salah satunya adalah pendidikan nonformal. Salah satu penyelenggara pendidikan nonformal adalah Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM). Artikel ini membahas mengenai pembangunan pranata pendidikan yaitu Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat di Pondok Pesantren Al-Qur’an Al Bayum dalam mempersiapkan santri untuk mengikuti ujian kesetaraan khususnya paket B. Adapun jenis penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dan wawancara serta menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik, dan website terkait. Hasil dari pengabdian diperoleh dengan adanya aksi nyata di lapangan yang disertai dengan dokumentasi pribadi. Pengabdian yang dilakukan di Desa Bandasari selama 31 hari berhasil mendapatkan perhatian masyarakat. Dengan adanya program pengabdian ini, masyarakat mendapatkan edukasi secara nyata bahwa pendidikan memang harus disebarluaskan. Oleh karenanya, program Pra-PKBM ini sangat cocok dibangun di wilayah Kampung Gunung Bubut karena bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat mempersiapkan Ujian Pendidikan Kesetaraan dengan capaian yang memuaskan.
Desarrollos recientes en educación comparada: mitos, enredos y maravillas
Authors: Cowen Robert
Published: November 2023

La educación comparada, como campo de estudio, se aferra a dos mitos de su propia cosecha: que es útil para asesorar a los gobiernos sobre política educativa y que se dedica a comparar. Sus enredos son más recientes que sus mitos, aunque casi igual de corrosivos: por ejemplo, que PISA y las clasificaciones mundiales de las universidades son una forma de educación comparada, y que esta última se describe bien con la nomenclatura “educación comparada e internacional”. La buena noticia es que comienza a ser posible plantear por qué la “educación comparada” sigue transformándose pero también por qué es improbable que desaparezcan sus principales enigmas intelectuales.
Stability analysis of spring oat genotypes in south-west Poland
Authors: Banaś Konrad , Przystalski Marcin , Łacka Agnieszka
Published: November 2023

Oat is a grain in high demand, due to its physiological and nutritional attributes as a functional food. Oat is rich in β−glucans, and high in tocopherol and other dietary fibre components. It is also used for forage, fodder, chaff and as a major component of infant foods. In the present study, oat yields from six experimental stations in south-western Poland, obtained in 2019–2022, were analysed using three different linear mixed models that can be associated with three different stabilities. It is shown that the genotype Perun had the highest mean yield among the tested genotypes, while the genotype Armani was the most stable. Armani and Pablo had the lowest values of the GSI index, making them the most favourable genotypes for cultivation in that region.
Note on a Juvenile Common Thresher Shark Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre 1788) in the waters of Slovenia (Northern Adriatic Sea)
Authors: Lipej Lovrenc , Zamuda Leon L. , Mavrič Borut
Published: November 2023

A specimen of common thresher shark Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre 1788) was caught in a fishing net in the waters off Piran (Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea). It was a juvenile male with a total length of 2841 mm. In recent decades, other cases of juvenile specimens of common thresher shark have been recorded in Slovenian coastal waters. Despite the drastic decline in the population of this species, thresher shark continues to be caught in local Adriatic fisheries.
Flow resistance at lowland and mountainous rivers
Authors: Okhravi Saeid , Alemi Mahdi , Afzalimehr Hossein , Schügerl Radoslav , Velísková Yvetta
Published: November 2023

This study initially examines the various sources of flow resistance in sand-bed (lowland) and gravel-bed (mountainous) rivers along with the limitations of traditional estimation methods. The nondimensional hydraulic geometry approach, relating dimensionless flow discharge (q
*) to the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor (f), has demonstrated good performance for both river types, covering shallow to moderately deep flows. However, accuracy in estimating f is affected by simplifications like assuming uniform and deep flow, neglecting bed load transport and vegetation effects, which require further evaluation. To address these issues, the proposed method is evaluated using data from four sand-bed rivers in Slovakia (with vegetation), and three gravel-bed rivers in Iran (dominated by cobbles and boulders). Bedforms prove to be significant resistance sources in all studied rivers. The approach yields separate predictors for each river type, showing a satisfactory agreement between observed and calculated values within a maximum deviation of ±20% error bands. These predictors are further validated using field data and established equations from rivers with similar physiographic characteristics. Results indicate the method performs well in predicting flow resistance in sand-bed rivers, slightly overestimating overall (+40%). It effectively captures riverbed features and vegetation influence under small-scale roughness conditions. However, the predictor’s validity for gravel-bed rivers is somewhat limited due to high variability in water-surface profiles, making it challenging to accurately capture flow dynamics under large-scale roughness conditions. Addressing complex characteristics of gravel-bed riverbeds, including boulders and local energy extraction, is crucial for improving the estimation of water-surface profile variations and flow resistance using the hydraulic geometry approach.
Migrant remittances and diaspora policies in Africa
Authors: Loshkariov I. D. , Kopyttsev I. S.
Published: November 2023

Recent years have seen a substantial increase in remittances from diaspora communities to their home countries, prompting developing economies to establish and enhance institutional mechanisms. These mechanisms aim to channel and leverage the emotional connections of emigrants to their native lands for economic purposes. This article concentrates on the influence of migrant remittances on the formulation of diaspora policies in Africa. It closely examines two clusters encompassing a total of 8 states recognized as leaders in terms of migrant remittances’ share in GDP and their absolute value, respectively. The article evaluates three primary categories of tools and practices that structure diaspora cooperation: formal institutional means, economic tools, and socio-cultural practices. The research applies a neo-institutional approach, conceiving diaspora policy as a network of interconnected practices across various spheres. By comparing cases within and between these clusters, it demonstrates diverse approaches to developing diaspora cooperation mechanisms. Additionally, the authors outline the most promising pathways for advancing diaspora policies while identifying existing barriers.

They advocate for the establishment of distinct platforms for diaspora representation, deepening cooperation between origin and host states, and extending certain diaspora policy mechanisms to subnational and supranational levels. However, the development of diaspora politics in the examined cases is impeded by insufficient resources, weak state institutions, and state reluctance to cede control over their population's interaction with external actors. Despite the prevalent notion that the evolution of diaspora cooperation mechanisms correlates with the volume of migrant remittances, empirical analysis within the African context exposes the explanatory limitations of such a model.
Foreign Aid’s Effect on Political Risks for Foreign Direct Investment: A Literature Review
Authors: Bartenev V. I.
Published: November 2023

The last decade has seen an increasing focus on the involvement of the private sector in international sustainable development, particularly in high-risk jurisdictions. This involvement encompasses a broad spectrum, incorporating innovative private sector instruments—now acknowledged as ODA-eligible by the OECD—as well as traditional tools of external official support to developing countries, which remain the primary contributors to ODA flows. This literature review aims to consolidate the academic exploration of the enduring classic foreign aid tools' impact on the political risks associated with foreign direct investment (FDI), and identifies prevalent limitations while suggesting approaches to overcome these challenges.The first section delineates the central theme and rationale behind the literature selection process, utilizing the Google Scholar database to contextualize the research within a comprehensive framework. The subsequent section categorizes and compares the most relevant studies based on formal criteria and methodological parameters. Sections three and four critically assess the scholarly contributions in conceptualizing the mitigating influence of foreign aid in general, focusing on its impact on specific political risks such as expropriation, terrorism, and corruption. The concluding section delves into studies that explore foreign aid and foreign direct investment flows from China, the largest non-Western donor.A bibliometric analysis reveals a noteworthy disparity between research attention and policymaking focus on the subject matter. Notably, the selected papers fail to comprehensively cover the full spectrum of primary extra-legal and legal-governmental political risks for transnational businesses. Scholars' assessments of foreign aid's mitigating effect often lack differentiation between grants and loans or between flows directed to different sectors, as well as the distinction between aid routed through public institutions and bypassing them. Notably absent is a comprehensive analysis encompassing the complete range of 'established' Western and emerging non-Western aid providers, or an exploration of aid flows from non-OECD countries other than China. Most research focuses on Africa and fails to differentiate between recipients based on fragility, income levels, or other relevant categorizations. Moreover, the researchers have yet to delve into data post the COVID-19 outbreak, a critical period that significantly altered perceptions of political risk, foreign aid, and FDI flows. The literature review illuminates a research gap awaiting substantial exploration.
The Kurdish Movement’s Factor in US Politics at the Peak of Iran and Afghanistan Crises, 1979 – January 1981
Authors: Yungblud V. T. , Sennikov A. I.
Published: November 2023

At the close of 1979, the United States encountered a critical need to realign its Middle East strategy in the wake of the capture of the American Embassy in Tehran by supporters of Iran's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah R. Khomeini on November 4, and the subsequent deployment of Soviet troops in Afghanistan on December 25. Faced with the challenges presented by the Iranian and Afghan crises, the United States' analytical, intelligence, and military bodies navigated various resources in search of viable solutions.

This study delves into the consideration of the Kurdish factor as a potential instrument in shaping the regional landscape. The National Security Council (NSC), State Department, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the US Department of Defense all scrutinized the Kurdish movement, evaluating its prospects for advancing American interests. Drawing from documents obtained from the State Department, National Security Council, and CIA, this article tracks the evolution of US policy concerning the Kurdish movement and its utility in realizing Washington's strategic objectives during the most critical phases of the Iran and Afghanistan crises.

The analysis underscores the fundamental flaw in the initial evaluation of events in Afghanistan and Iran, misinterpreting them as a calculated move within a Soviet strategy to extend influence into the Persian Gulf region. This misconception was the primary cause of the Carter administration's failure in utilizing the Kurds as a counterforce against the Khomeini regime and its erroneous perceptions of the Iranian political regime's vulnerabilities. Inconsistencies in Washington's relationship with Tehran hindered the formulation of a coherent approach toward the Afghan-Iranian direction.
«Islamic Socialism» in Pakistan: Evolution, Implementation and Legacy in Domestic and Foreign Policy
Authors: Makarevich G. G.
Published: November 2023

The article examines the phenomenon of "Islamic socialism" in Pakistan and its impact on the nation's current domestic and foreign policies. Employing critical theory, the author delves into an analysis of the political class's objectives and how the environmental context influenced the political process, offering insights into the perceptions held by higher echelons. The application of elite theory allows for a deconstruction of the Pakistani statehood, unveiling the specific social groups shaping developmental trajectories. By leveraging historical sociology in international relations, the article investigates the influence of historical underpinnings on the decision-making of social groups, shedding light on their endeavors to construct the past for political purposes.

The study meticulously traces the origins of "Islamic socialism," exploring the discourse's evolution in the initial decades following the country's independence. It identifies the driving forces that led the state leadership to adopt the model of "Islamic socialism." Focused on the tenure of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (1971-1977), the article examines the implementation of the "Islamic socialism" policy and the subsequent reasons for its failure, culminating in a military coup. The author contends that the principles of "Islamic socialism" introduced in Pakistan's domestic and foreign policy retained relevance even after its rejection.

Conclusively, the article posits that the "Islamic socialism" constructed by Pakistani elites, often viewed through an orientalist lens, emerged not only as a response to the crisis in Pakistani statehood but paradoxically, became a crucial driver in shaping Islamabad's foreign policy determinants. Notably, this development forged integral relationships with China and the Islamic world, evolving into pivotal imperatives in Pakistan's grand strategy.

This study highlights the interplay between "Islamic socialism," the crisis in Pakistani statehood, and its unforeseen impact on foreign policy, ultimately forming the bedrock for Islamabad's strategic engagements with China and the Islamic world.
Working of Reindeer’s Antlers at the Neolithic – Bronze Age Settlement Mayak 2 (Murmansk region)
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya emb., 18, St.-Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation, Malyutina Anna A. , Murashkin Anton I. ,   Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya emb., 18, St.-Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation, Taktasheva Snezhana D. ,   St.Petersburg State University, Mendeleyevskaya linia, 5, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation; Institute for the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya emb., 18, St.-Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The article presents the preliminary results of the traceological analysis of the artefacts made of reindeer antler (Rangifer tarandus) found at the settlement Mayak 2 (Murmansk region). The site, excavated in 1979–1984 by N. N. Gurina, has been dated to the Neolithic – Bronze Age. The unique collection includes more than 1800 various implements made of hard organic materials. The study of methods of reindeer’s antlers processing according to the data of macro- and microscopic analysis of technological traces was carried out for the first time. Among the 250 artefacts selected for the study were production waste, preforms and completed items. It was obtained that two technological methods of the antler`s fragmentation to create a preform were used. The first method involved longitudinal and transverse chopping of the antler, which could be made with stone or metal tools. The second method based on carving of longitudinal and transverse grooves with subsequent division along them. It was found that the basal part of the antler was not actually used (one case was found). The medial part – the rod – were used for creating of the vast majority of implements and ornaments. Antler tines were rarely used for a limited set of items.
Specifics of Asbestos Utilization in the Second Half of the 4th Millenium Bc in the Eastern Fennoscandia (on the materials of lithic workshop Fofanovo XIII)
Authors:   Expert organization “Aristo NorthWest”, Blyshko Dmitrii V. ,   Budapeshtskaya St., 97-2-155, St.-Petersburg, 192283, Russian Federation, University of Houston (Houston, USA), Danilov Gleb K. ,   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) Russian Academy of Sciences. Universitetskaya nab., 3, St.-Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation, Zhul’nikov Aleksandr M. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Lenina St., 33, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation, Nedomolkina Nadezhda G. ,   Vologda State Art and Architecture Museum-Reserve, S. Orlova St., 15, Vologda, 160000, Russian Federation, Tarasov Alexey Yu. ,   Institute of Linguistics, Literature and History, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. 185910, Pushkinskaya str., 11, Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

The authors analys the cultural phenomenon of asbestos ware in the forest zone of North-eastern Europe in the second half of the 4th millennium BC. The dynamic of this phenomenon is studied on the materials of the site Fofanovo XIII, which combines characteristics of metatuff adze and axe workshop, asbestos ware workshop, and interregional center for social communication. Typological and spatial analysis of the ware collections allows us to distinguish two periods of asbestos ware distribution in the late Neolithic-Eneolithic. During the first period (3500–3300 BC), asbestos ware (type Voinavolok) had high social status and was distributed far from the zone of natural deposits of this mineral. Distribution of asbestos ware at this stage fits the model of prestige economy. During the second period (3300–3100 BC), asbestos ware (type Orovnavolok) lost its interregional status. The distribution zone of the asbestos ware had decreased and took its place in linear economic connections. Statistical comparison of the metric parameters of pieces of asbestos collected on the site, as well as phase and chemical analysis show that changes in the social role of asbestos correlated with the downgrade of the mineral raw material quality, and increase of its variability. The authors suggest that this dynamic could be explained in the context of the change in the role of the social centers on the western shore of lake Onega, presented by site Fofanovo XIII.
Chronology of Central European Impulses in the Volga Forest Region: Fatyanovo and Abashevo Cultures
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. S. Kovalevskoy st., 16. Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russian Federation, Grigoriev Stanislav A.
Published: November 2023

There is a difference in chronology based on radiocarbon dating and historical dates associated with Near Eastern written sources. With the introduction of AMS dating, this gap has become smaller, but has not disappeared. However, the application of Bayesian statistics to this dating often produces dates corresponding to historical and dendrochronology. This allows us to assume that as the radiocarbon method improves, its results will coincide with the historical chronology. Comparison of materials from forest cultures of Eastern Europe, the Fatyanovo and Abashevo, allows us to connect them with the chronology of Central Europe, and, thereby, to determine the lower boundaries of these cultures within the dendrochronology of the Alpine zone. As a result, younger dates have been obtained for them than the results of radiocarbon dating give: after the middle of the 27th century BC for the Fatyanovo culture and ca. 20th century BC for the Abashevo.
Multivariate Probit Regression Analysis of Beekeepers Market Outlet Choices: The Case of Abuna Gindeberet District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors:   Ambo University, Borena Besha Teresa
Published: November 2023

DAs capacity through training and supporting them by separating from other administrative activities to increase frequency of extension for farmers were policy remarks of the study.
Die Struktur menschlicher Wirklichkeit
Authors: Galliker Mark
Published: November 2023

Die These, dass Schopenhauers und Roger’s Theorien strukturell ähnlich aufgebaut sind, wird hinsichtlich des Selbst erörtert. In praktisch-therapeutischer Hinsicht stellt sich die Frage, welche Konsequenzen sich aus den Konstituenten in beiden Theorien ergeben. In der Folge wird auch Gendlins Theorie angeführt und der Stellenwert des Focusing als Synthese im vorliegenden Kontext thematisiert.
Die Therapie der Ichgrenzenstörung unter besonderer Beachtung struktureller Empathie
Authors: Oberreiter David
Published: November 2023

Ichgrenzenstörungen sind in der Bedeutung, die sie für die Betroffenen entwickeln, von Therapeutinnen und Therapeuten oft schwer nachzuvollziehende Phänomene. Psychologische und philosophische Konzepte über innere Strukturen können helfen, sich einem Verständnis der Störung anzunähern. Ichgrenzenstörungen zeigen sich als fundamentale Störungen der Ichstruktur. Ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis der Störung liegt im empathischen Verstehen der strukturellen Problematik.
Selbsthass
Authors: Novak Jasmin
Published: November 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt Psychotherapien mit Menschen, die Selbsthass (er-)leben, auf Basis persönlicher Erfahrungen der Autorin als personzentrierter Therapeutin in freier Praxis. Diese werden in Bezug gesetzt zu Personzentrierten Ansätzen wie dem Verständnis von Therapie als dialogischer personaler Begegnung, zum „fragilen Prozess“, aber auch zu experientiellen Konstrukten wie dem des „inneren Kritikers“ und darauf auf bauenden Mikrotheorien. Zunächst werden die Phänomenologie von Selbsthass und die Ätiologie des ihn bedingenden persistent negativen Selbstkonzepts erörtert. Die Reflexion der therapeutischen Beziehung mit Menschen, die Selbsthass (er-)leben, macht deutlich, dass sich Versuche, ihn über Segmentierung oder Eingrenzung „aufzulösen“, als kontraproduktiv erweisen. Eine dem Selbsthass gegenüber bedingungslos offene und akzeptierende Haltung hingegen schafft die Voraussetzung für das Sich-Einlassen auf das therapeutische Beziehungsangebot und unterstützt die personale Entwicklung.
GENDER STEREOTYPES BY PRESENTING A FEMALE PROTAGONIST PORTRAYED IN THE "NEIL'S BURGER DIVERGENT (2014)" MOVIE
Authors: Maheswara Rahayasa , Prastiwi Yeni
Published: November 2023

This study aims to show a positive representation of feminism in Divergent films and find the implied meaning behind the presentation of feminism. this study uses a critical approach, qualitative methodology, and social research methods, in particular Roland Barthes' model of semiotics. Roland Barthe's athletic session model uses the concept of denotation and connotation as key analysis. This search analysis is done by focusing only on the main elements of narrative in films, especially space and time, characters, conflicts, and goals. The results of this research show that the two rhymes of representation of feminism in Divergent films and the notion that women are sexy, weak, and tend to act out their emotions than logic, it is not true. Social values and women's way of life appear in this rumor which is done by the main character named Tris. In a conclusion, the representation of feminism can be displayed through the main narrative elements in the film, such as space and time, characters, conflict, and goals. And also, this research gives findings about pacifism (K). There is 3 denotation, 2 connotations, and 1 myth in divergent film.
EXPLORING EFL STUDENTS' VIEWS ON USING YOUTUBE VIDEOS FOR IMPROVING LISTENING SKILLS IN ENGLISH
Authors: Karim Sayit Abdul , Ramli Ramli , Rusmanto Genta , Fadhila Rendra Miftahul , Alamsyah Danang Fauzi , Putra Muhammad Ashari
Published: November 2023

English videos on YouTube can be utilized as an alternative medium for learning listening subjects. This research attempts to explore EFL students’ perspectives on using English videos on YouTube as a learning medium to enhance students’ listening skills. A mix-method research design was used to explore students’ perceptions of using English video to enhance their listening skills. The data in this study were obtained from questionnaires and semi-structured interviews which were administered online to thirty-two students of the English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) at Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta using a convenience sampling technique. The findings revealed that of 32 respondents, 31 of them viewed the English video platform on YouTube to help them a lot in learning listening subjects. Of 32 respondents, 30 of them utilized the platform for learning vocabulary. Of 32 respondents, 29 of them thought that their listening skills improved a lot after watching and listening to videos on YouTube.  It indicates that the majority of respondents have positive perceptions of the utilization of this platform because it helps them in facilitating their learning needs. However, 2 respondents disagree about the statements for some reasons.
EXPLORING THE PRACTICAL APPLICATION AND APPRAISAL OF THE 2013 ENGLISH CURRICULUM IN A STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL: A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION
Authors: Milyarni Farrah Dina , Sofendi Sofendi , Mirizon Soni
Published: November 2023

The constant enhancement of Indonesia's educational curriculum is aimed at improving the overall quality of education. This research specifically investigates the application of the 2013 English Curriculum at a state yunior high school in Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia, utilizing a qualitative evaluative approach. The study, conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Palembang, involved two English teachers and eighth-grade students. The findings revealed that the English teachers adhered to standard content and government syllabi when developing lesson plans. Teaching methods and assessments also aligned with government policies. Additionally, factors such as teacher quality, resource accessibility, and community involvement were identified as potential influencers on curriculum effectiveness. Although the curriculum has evolved, evaluating the 2013 curriculum can provide valuable insights for future improvements in Indonesia's educational curriculum.
PROMOTING STUDENT TEACHERS' TEACHING PRACTICUM WITHIN DESIGNATED SPEAKING CLASS
Authors: Sumekto Didik Rinan
Published: November 2023

This study aims at promoting undergraduate student teachers’ teaching practicum that highlights the pedagogical and teaching performance within the designated speaking class. Four senior student teachers participated in five weeks’ teaching practicum through the purposive sampling selection. The method of this study used observation, questionnaire, and teaching practicum documents to facilitate the qualitative analysis in relevance with student teachers’ teaching files, running-methods course, and classroom observations. The core practices of probing pedagogical activities engaged student teachers in intrinsic discussions explicitly and implicitly. The substantial pedagogical matters and their sub-matters were experientially derived from the relevant practicality into the common sense of instruction criteria on planning, implementation, and reflection stages. The discussion substance highlighted daily speaking performance in vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, fluency, and content among freshmen and sophomores. This study recommends student teachers improve their theoretical and practical teaching methods by accommodating enumeration and sense-making classroom discussion.
Polynomial Attitude Trajectory Planning for Spacecraft with Movable Parts Using Decoupled Strategy
Authors: Fan Yuqi , Xu Rui , Li Zhaoyu , Zhu Shengying , Shang Haibin , Gao Ai , Gao Yue
Published: November 2023

The problem of attitude planning for spacecraft with movable parts under complex pointing constraints is addressed in this paper. To avoid tackling the complex pointing constraints in the high-dimensional system, a novel decoupled strategy is proposed to map the pointing space to the attitude space. Path-planning algorithm Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT)*-Smart is employed in pointing space to generate a collision-free pointing path, and piecewise quintic polynomials are used to represent the attitude path. By proving the differential flatness of spacecraft with movable parts, the inverse dynamics is used to acquire attitude state trajectory in state space. Benefiting from the decoupled strategy, the attitude state trajectory is optimized by a new heuristic time allocation algorithm using binary search with no gradient information needed. The simulation results are discussed, and the performance during each scenario is analyzed.
Design, Selection, and Evaluation of Reinforcement Learning Single Agents for Ground Target Tracking
Authors: Lehman Hannah , Valasek John
Published: November 2023

Previous approaches for small fixed-wing unmanned air systems that carry strapdown rather than gimbaled cameras achieved satisfactory ground target tracking performance using both standard and deep reinforcement learning algorithms. However, these approaches have significant restrictions and abstractions to the dynamics of the vehicle, such as constant airspeed and constant altitude, because the number of states and actions was necessarily limited. Thus, extensive tuning was required to obtain good tracking performance. The expansion from 4 state–action degrees of freedom to 15 enabled the agent to exploit previous reward functions that produced novel yet undesirable emergent behavior. This paper investigates the causes of and various potential solutions to undesirable emergent behavior in the ground target tracking problem. A combination of changes to the environment, reward structure, action space simplification, command rate, and controller implementation provides insight into obtaining stable tracking results. Consideration is given to reward structure selection and refinement to mitigate undesirable emergent behavior. Results presented in the paper for a simulated environment of a single unmanned air system tracking a randomly moving single ground target show that a soft actor–critic algorithm can produce feasible tracking trajectories without limiting the state space and action space, provided that the environment is properly posed.
Intercultural Translation Criticism of the LXX Nomos
Authors: Loba Mkole Jean-Claude
Published: November 2023

Using intercultural translation criticism combined with the functional equivalence translation theory, the present article argues that the LXX nomos (law, instruction, statute) with its derivative nomimos (law, ordinance) serves as a better functional equivalent for the Hebrew counterparts tōrâ/ḥûqqâ/ḥoq (law, ordinance, statute). Moreover, the Latin Vulgate and the Kiswahili Union Version echo a similar functional equivalence in their rendering of tōrâ/ḥûqqâ (Exod 12:43–49) with religio (ritual) / lex (law) or amri (commandment) / sheria (law), respectively. Consequently, the findings of this study invite LXX scholars, literary translation theorists, and practitioners to join hands and share their inputs for an improved understanding of LXX translation techniques and better translation practices.
APPLICATION OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY TO THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE METABOLISM OF MOUSE PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS
Authors:   Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Omelchenko A.N. , Okotrub K.A. , Surovtsev N.V. , Igonina T.N. , Brusentsev E.Yu. , Amstislavsky S.Y. ,   Novosibirsk State University,   Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: November 2023

The research demonstrates the description of the metabolism of mouse preimplantation embryos by Raman spectroscopy using deuterated labels. We observe changes in the transport of fatty acids (stearic acid), amino acids (phenylalanine and leucine) and glucose after embryos cryopreservation.
Littoral meiofauna community structure in San Julián bay, Santa Cruz province, Argentina
Authors: Lo Russo Virginia , Pastor de Ward Catalina T. , Zaixso Héctor
Published: November 2023

For the first time, standing stocks and community structure have been reported in San Julián Bay, located in the Santa Cruz province, toward the southern tip of South America, within the sub-Antarctic region. The mean density of the meiofauna found was 6724 individuals/10 cm2, with a high dominance of nematodes (97.69%). Multivariate studies (PERMANOVA) revealed two distinct meiofauna assemblages: one, in an upper littoral salt marsh habitat and other, in a medium to low soft bare sediment. In the middle of the bay —in front of San Julián city— salt marsh habitats had the highest meiofaunal density, while bare sediments (medium-low levels) were the lowest. The mean average in the salt marsh area was 12246 individuals/10 cm2, with nematodes being dominant followed by oligochaetes as the subdominant taxa. The mean average in bare sediments (medium to low levels) was 3962 individuals/10 cm2, with nematodes as dominant and turbellarians, mastigophorans and maxillopodos (harpacticoid copepods) as subdominant taxa. Bare sediments related to Patagonian mussel’s populations presented the lowest meiofauna densities. Diversity showed an opposite trend, with a maximum in medium-low levels and a minimum in salt-marshes habitat. Richness in number of taxa ranged from 8 to 12, with a total number of 18 taxa. Despite dominance of nematodes in meiofauna assemblages is known, maximum density found in San Julián bay is much higher than previously found for estuaries from north and mid-latitudes littoral sandy beaches and in the nearby region of the Straits of Magellan and Beagle Channel and other sub-Antarctic and Antarctic sites. On the other hand, the number of meiofauna taxa (no nematodes) is low, and its community structure differs from what has been reported in previous studies. The meiofauna taxa assemblages provide evidence that, in salt-marsh habitats, they have the highest densities, but the lowest diversity when compared with lower levels. This is likely due to adaptation problems of meiofauna communities to a semi-terrestrial habitat.
La nucleación: Una alternativa para la restauración ecológica de bosques neotropicales
Authors: Díaz-Triana Julián E. , Vargas-Ríos Orlando , Rodríguez-Eraso Nelly
Published: November 2023

La deforestación y la degradación de tierras debido al uso intensivo del suelo son amenazas predominantes para los bosques neotropicales. En este marco, la restauración ecológica (RE) se plantea como una alternativa para contrarrestar la pérdida de biodiversidad y de servicios ecosistémicos, lo cual continúa siendo un reto y una prioridad global. La nucleación es una técnica que busca formar microhábitats que faciliten la regeneración natural y amplíen las interacciones entre organismos, promoviendo la sucesión ecológica. Aunque la formación de islas de árboles (nucleación aplicada) se usa a menudo por su relación costo-efectividad en comparación con otras alternativas de RE, su implementación en bosques neotropicales enfrenta desafíos que van desde la definición de objetivos precisos hasta su escalamiento a grandes áreas. En nuestro trabajo presentamos un panorama de las alternativas de nucleación para restaurar áreas de bosques tropicales, y evaluamos 1) sus fundamentos, condiciones y beneficios; 2) los estudios teóricos y experimentales, y 3) los desafíos para aplicarla en diferentes escenarios de restauración. Observamos que la nucleación es un modelo de restauración adaptable a escenarios con variabilidad en el potencial de recuperación y que abarca múltiples objetivos mediante diversas técnicas. Pese a que los estudios se han centrado en comparar resultados a corto plazo entre la nucleación aplicada y otras estrategias, la composición y la selección de especies, las configuraciones alternativas para la combinación de técnicas y el escalamiento a grandes áreas son temas que permanecen poco abordados. Sugerimos la implementación y el monitoreo de la nucleación deben orientarse hacia la experimentación dentro de los proyectos, y que la investigación futura debería considerar tratamientos alternativos con miras a una gestión adaptativa.
Constructing Dynamical Symmetries
Authors: Hamilton James R. , Levine Raphael D. , Remacle Francoise
Published: November 2023

Dynamical symmetries, operators that do not quite commute with the Hamiltonian, extend the role of ordinary symmetries. They also provide an interesting insight on constants of the motion. Motivated by progress in quantum technologies we discuss a practical algebraic approach to computing such time-dependent operators. Explicitly we expand them as a linear combination with time dependent coefficients of time-dependent Schrödinger operators. We propose possible applications in determining quantum mechanical distributions of maximal entropy and to the dynamics of systems of coherently coupled coherent two state systems. We suggest that this generates an Ising-like Hamiltonian where each ’spin’ is a state and therefore of relevance to quantum computing based on qubit architecture.