bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Power Monitoring & Controlling System Based on Virtual Instruments
Authors: Li Ping , Zhao Xing , Yuan Yu
Published: February 2012

With the fast development of modern technology, the scale and the specification have been improved. The traditional instrument cannot meet the increasing demand of application. Therefore, the virtual instrumentation has become the trend of the future instrument. The paper has pointed out the advantages of virtual instrumentation of high performance, high expansibility, less exploring time and excellent integration. The design takes the modbus as the communication method to acquire the parameters of power instrument on the basis of PM500, Sepam20, Sepam40 and MOXA PCI RS-485 data acquisition card. It can also realize the storage and query function of data, as well as the steps of human-machine interface full of humanness, which has construct a high efficiency, precise Power Monitoring&Controlling System. It has passed testing, which can meet the needs of customers with high practical value.
Design of Manipulator Control System for Injection Molding Machine
Authors: Wu Chao , Zhang Gang , Ge Yun Wang
Published: February 2012

Design of manipulator control system for injection molding machine is raised in this paper. One servo motor and 32 pairs of IO of pneumatic actuators are applied to realize motion control towards manipulator. Functions such as precisely locating, multi-position start/stop and automatic mode operation are achieved through collaborative work of CPU and CPLD. Finally, the result indicates the control system is reliable and efficient.
Software Design of Restaurant Service Mobile Robot’s Control System
Authors: Shi Yun Xu
Published: February 2012

The modular design of restaurant service autonomous mobile robot control system has been done, and the system adopted distributed control, the control system of the host (such as computer module) through the unity of the bus and protocols for coordination of each module. The control system distributed in the three modules of the power and driver module (including power management unit, motion control unit, and drive unit), the sensor module (various sensors, etc.), and control computer modules. Then, using VC++ 6.0 developed the software of the control system, and the software is divided into user-level, decision making control layer, sensing/underlying decision making, and movement execution layer. Communication between layers and layers are standard physical layer and protocol layer, so each layer has a highly scalable, the user is free to increase the user's own equipment and control procedures just in accordance with the standard physical layer and protocol specification.
Circuit Design of Micro-Pspice Parameter Acceleration Sensor
Authors: Li Hong Li
Published: February 2012

This paper describes the use of HuaJing Company Pspice Transistor Division developed a miniature accelerometer parameters and signal processing integrated circuits. This system can be on the surface micromachining process for the production of the sensor signal processing, to achieve monolithic integration, but also the fabrication of bulk silicon sensors for signal processing, and hybrid integration.
Design of a LCM101 Liquid Crystal Display Interface Circuit Based on FPGA
Authors: Chang Da , Hou Li Gang , Peng Xiao Hong , Wang Jin Hui , Wu Wu Chen
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a design method of a LCM101 liquid crystal display interface circuit is presented. The LCM101 module is a multifunctional and universal type device. It can connect with any MCU or IC interface. So, it is widely used in digital products. The design is implemented by using Verilog HD language. It has been verified on Xilinx Virtex V verification platform and can operate properly. It is a reliable and less resource utilization design. Besides, a new element, which can satisfy the delay time is given in the design. Operation principle, design method and simulation wave will be provided in the body of the paper.
Study on the Lower Limbs Rehabilitation Robotic Control System by sEMG
Authors: Zhang Xiao Jun , Liu Geng Qian , Zhang Jian Hua , Wang Yong Feng
Published: February 2012

With help training of the lower limbs rehabilitation robot, the hemiplegia patients can be helped effectively recover. Applicable control method plays an important part in performance of lower limbs rehabilitation robot. According to the preferred method, sEMG was collected from no necrosis and healthy muscle, then, the effective action signals which are extracted from the sEMG transit to Fuzzy-Neural network classifiers to identify the movements intention of paralyzed patients, and then the lower limbs rehabilitation robots can assist paralyzed patients to achieve their intent. The simulation results indicate that the Fuzzy-Neural network classifiers can identify the movements intention well, and control method of sEMG can satisfy the demand of lower limbs rehabilitation robot.
X-Ray Energy Dispersion Spectrometer Analysis of Galvanized Steel with Dark Green Passivation Film
Authors: Cao Yu Bao
Published: February 2012

Dark green passivation film was prepared by dipping galvanized steel in a solution made of four types of acid(chromic anhydride, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid) with a certain amount of stabilizer and toner. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the film. Elements of passivation film were conformed by using EDS. SEM showed that the surface of the film was even. Cr, O, P, S, N, Zn and a small amount of Fe were found in the film by the test of EDS.
Synthesis and Characterization of Star-Like Copper Oxide (CuO) with Submicrometer Sizes
Authors: Gong Shou Long , Du Fang Lin
Published: February 2012

Star-like CuO with submicrometer sizes was fabricated via a simple liquid-phase deposition with the assistant of PVP and Na2MoO4. The as-prepared CuO have been characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the as-prepared CuO owned monoclinic structure, the concentrations of PVP, Na2MoO4 and NaOH are very important to the morphology of CuO. The quality of PVP impacts the formation of thin flakes on the skeletons. Meanwhile, the growth of dendritic skeletons was depended on the addition of Na2MoO4, and the effect of NaOH is to control the dimension of CuO structure.
Preparation of WC-5TiC-10Co Nanometer Powder and Performance Study of Sintering Samples
Authors: Zhang Chong Cai , Wang Quan , Yuan Qun Qun , Yang Yong Fei , Yi Xiao Lan
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the WC-5TiC-10 Co mixture mixed by WC2.96μm, (Ti, W)C 2.52μm and Co2.38μm and prepared by high-energy ball milling. The result shows: After 60h’s ball milling the powder began to reunite more and more as the time extended . The average grain size of powder is 50 nm after144h. After 1300°C~1400°C vacuum-sintering the hardness of the sample is 94.8 ~ 95.4HRA. 4.2 ~ 5.2 HRA higher than the traditional cemented carbides with the same composition. After 1400°C vacuum-sintering the compressive strength and flexural strength of cemented carbides is 2060 MPa and 1200 MPa. Slightly less than the traditional cemented carbides with the same composition.
Dynamics for Dense Packing of Colloids
Authors: He Li Qun , Wu Ping , Li Zi Da , Feng Li Li
Published: February 2012

Colloidal packing by evaporation is a process that particles are packed by Stokes’ forces. As particles are far from each other, interactions among them are too weak to be taken into account and it’s the Stokes’ force on free particles that is in charge of packing. However, when they are close to some extent, the force is countered by particle interactions. Here, with the aid of force balance model, we demonstrate that the further packing is achieved by all drag forces of particles in the upstream.
Chemical Deposition Method for Synthesis of Pt-TiO2 Composite Nanotubes with Photoelectrochemical Activity
Authors: Gao Zhong Hui , Cui Zhen Duo , Yang Xian Jin
Published: February 2012

Pt nanoparticles were successfully assembled in self-organized TiO2 nanotubes by a chemical deposition method. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used for characterizing the surface morphology and phase composition. Photocurrent response activity was measured. Different morphology of Pt-TiO2 NTs exhibited different photocurrent generation efficiency. High density Pt nanoparticles depositing on TiO2 NTs decreased the photocurrent of Pt-TiO2 electrodes. It was because the high density Pt nanoparticles could become the recombination centers of photoelectrons and holes.
Separation and Detection of Monodisperse Polystyrene Nanospheres by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Liu Peng , Yu Bing , Cong Hai Lin , Ma Yu Rong , Wang Kai Feng
Published: February 2012

Monodisperse polystyrene nanospheres with different diameters and functional groups were synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) was applied to the separation and detection of the nanospheres. Baseline separation was achieved for carboxylic and sulfonic functionalized colloids due to their difference in diameter and surface charge. The electrophoretic mobility of the sulfonic functionalized colloids decreased with increasing of particle size, and three sulfonic functionalized nanosphere samples with diameters of 190, 250 and 330 nm were separated successfully by CE.
Purification of Liquids with Low-Concentration of Co2+ and Mn2+ by Amine-Functionalized MCM-41
Authors: Yao Qing Xu , Jia Ming Chun , Men Jin Feng
Published: February 2012

Amino functionalized mesoporous silica gel was synthesized, characterized and used as adsorbents for low concentration of Mn2+ and Co2+ simulating the 60Co2+ and 56Mn2+ in low-level radioactive wastewater. The adsorption capacities with different contact time and at pH were calculated. Three adsorption isotherms were employed, and the Sips model described the adsorption best, the maximum adsorption capacities for Co2+ and Mn2+ calculated by this model were 0.377mmol/g and 0.384mmol/g respectively. The competitive experiments showed that the affinity between adsorbents and metal ions is different. The adsorbents retained Co2+ much easier. Dynamic adsorption experiments were carried out in a fixed bed column which suffered a decrease of adsorption capacity than statistic experiments.
Formation of Transparent Nanoporous Titanium Oxide Films on Glass Substrates Using an Anodization Process
Authors: Manea Elena , Obreja Cosmin , Purica Munizer , Dinescu Adrian , Comanescu Florin , Schiopu Vasilica , Budianu Elena
Published: February 2012

We report on an experimental study on transparent nanoporous titanium oxide films on glass substrates using an anodization process. Ti thin films of 50-90 nm have been deposited on glass substrate by dc sputtering (1.8210-3 Pa, 100 W) followed by a thermal treatment of 500°C for 30 min. in order to improve the adhesion to the glass substrate. Then an anodization process was applied in order to obtain TiO2 thin nanoporous layers using a cell consisted of three electrodes and aqueous electrolyte solution of 1% NH4F concentration, monoethyleneglycol and DI water. After anodization the samples were annealed at 450°C for 45 min using nitrogen gas. The layers have a nanoporous structure with pore dimensions in the range of 50-80 nm. FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to identify the crystalline phase of the TiO2 layers. Raman scattering spectra clearly identify the anatase phase on the basis of Eg modes at ~ 146 cm-1 of the TiO2. The FTIR spectrum showed only the peak at 614 cm−1 which can be associated with the characteristic vibrational mode of TiO2 anatase. The optical properties of TiO2 thin films have been determined by ellipsometric measurements in the spectral range (0.2-0.8 μm) and a value of 2.41-2.45 was obtain for refractive index at 632 nm. Spectrophotometric measurements showed a transmittance over 70% and an optical band gap of 3.3-3.5 eV was determined.
Ultra-Morphological and Nanomechanical Characterization of Reinforced Enamel and Dentin by Self-Etch Adhesives: The Super Tooth
Authors: Sadr Alireza , Nikaido Toru , Takagaki Tomohiro , Hariri Ilnaz , Nazari Amir , Tagami Junji
Published: February 2012

Using various electron microscopy techniques, we have demonstrated that resistance of enamel and dentin to acid attack could be increased in an acid-base resistant zone which was formed following the application of some acidic monomers, especially phosphoric-acid ester methacrylates incorporated into a few self-etching dental adhesives. We proposed that the diffusion of such acidic monomers beyond the classic hybrid layer (interfacial zone) and their ion-exchange interactions with the available hydroxyapatite could result in formation of stable organic-inorganic complexes, and that the structures should be termed “super tooth”, as they would in concept withstand major causes of dental caries and tissue degradation. We also reported that the fluoride-release from these biomaterials could contribute to reinforcement of the underlying tissue. On mechanical testing methodology, we demonstrated that time-dependent nanomechanical response of dental structures in nanoindentation could provide useful information that may not be derived under large-scale fracture experiments such as the common bonding tests. In the present paper, we present some of our recent findings on the ultra-morphological and nanomechanical characteristics of super enamel and super dentin created by self-etching adhesives, compared with sound tissue and the tissue bonded by conventional adhesives following phosphoric-acid treatment or etch-and-rinse adhesives.
Characteristics of TiN and NCD Layers Deposited on Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Golabczak Marcin
Published: February 2012

Magnesium alloys have been widely used in numerous branches of industry in which reduced mass is of great importance. These alloys are used in aeronautic, astronautic, electronic and sporting goods industries etc. The growing significance of the material magnesium is also closely associated with the progressive development in the field of automotive lightweight construction. The most captivating advantages of magnesium alloys include: the high ratio of mechanical durability to their mass, an excellent heat conductivity, low heat expansion, good casting properties, high functional integrity enabling manufacturing of goods with near-net-shape and good machinability. Magnesium alloys display also some disadvantages, like first of all, the high susceptibility to corrosion, low wear resistance and reduced durability. These disadvantages considerably limit applications of magnesium alloys in industry. The presented work demonstrates the method of deposition of special TiN (Titanium Nitride) and NCD (Nanocrystalline Diamond) layers on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloys which eliminates these disadvantages. Besides, such layers play both the protective and decorative roles. TiN layers have been deposited by Plasma Activated Physical Vapour Deposition method (PAPVD) in ECAM-France and NCD layers by Plasma Activated Chemical Vapour Deposition method (PACVD) in the Institute of Material Science at the Technical University of Lodz-Poland. This paper shows the method of identification of manufactured layers and investigation results of tribological properties of these layers. Also samples preparation using grinding and polishing method before manufacturing of protective TiN and NCD layers has been depicted.
Advantages of Nanocrystalline Materials for Microwave-Absorbing
Authors: Bergheul S. , Otmane Fadhela , Hamlati Z. , Azzaz M.
Published: February 2012

In this work, we study the synthesis of Fe-Co powders via planetary ball milling with different particle sizes. The morphology is a factor that influences the microwave properties of materials. The prepared samples are characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-band wave guide and resonator cavity associated with network analysis. The microwave-absorbing characteristic effects are investigated in a frequency range 8.5–10.5 GHz using network analyser. They enhanced between 0 and 54 h of milling time with an increase in the relative dielectric permittivity (ε'r).
Growth of Calcium Phosphate Using Chemically Treated Titanium Oxide Nanotubes
Authors: Escada A.L.A. , Machado João Paulo Barros , Schneider Sandra G. , Nakazato Roberto Zenhei , Rosifini Alves Claro Ana Paula
Published: February 2012

Many materials with different surfaces have been developed for dental and orthopedics implants. Among the various materials for implants, titanium and bioactive ones such as calcium phosphates and hydroxyapatite, are widely used clinically. When these materials are inserted into bone several biological reactions occur. Thes processes can be associated with surface properties (topography, roughness and surface energy). In this work, ingots were obtained from titanium and molybdenum by using an arc-melting furnace. They were submitted to heat treatment at 1100°C for one hour, cooled in water and cold worked by swaging. Titanium nanotubes were fabricated on the surface of Ti-7,5Mo alloy by anodization, and then treated with NaOH solution to make them bioactive, to induce growth of calcium phosphate in a simulated body fluid. . It is shown that the presence of titanium nanotubes induces the growth of a sodium titanate nanolayer. During the subsequent in-vitro immersion in a simulated body fluid, the sodium titanate nanolayer induced the nucleation and growth of nano-dimensioned calcium phosphate. These titanium nanotubes can be useful as a well-adhered bioactive surface layer on Ti implant metals for orthopedic and dental implants.
Photodegradation of Phenol over Flame-Made Sn-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Wetchakun Khatcharin , Wetchakun Natda , Inceesungvorn Burapat , Phanichphant Sukon
Published: February 2012

Undoped ZnO and 0.5−5.0 at.% Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) using zinc naphthenate and tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate dissolved in xylene as the precursors under a 5/5 (precursor/oxygen) flame condition. UV-Vis absorption characteristics of the samples were investigated for understanding and relating with the physiochemical characteristics in photocatalytic applications. Kinetic analyzes indicated that the photodegradation rates of phenol could be approximated as pseudo-first-order and zero-order kinetics in the case of undoped ZnO and Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles respectively, according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The effect of Sn doping revealed the deterioration of the phenol photodegradation performance over ZnO-based catalysts, possibly due to the formation of a deep state in the ZnO band gap energy.
Optimization of the Friction Stir Welding Process for Superplastic Forming and Improved Surface Texture for Titanium Aerospace Structures
Authors: Sanders Daniel G. , Edwards Paul , Ramulu Mamidala , Grant Glenn
Published: February 2012

In friction stir welding (FSW), the semi-circular shaped FSW pin tool feed marks that are left behind varied in depth and shape which are detrimental not only in fatigue performance but also in further processing such as superplastic forming (SPF). Experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of changes to the FSW process parameters on the surface roughness of the weld of fine grain 2 mm thick titanium alloy, Ti- 6Al-4V. In addition to optimizing the surface texture of the welds, the superplastic performance of the weld nugget was made to be equal to the superplasticity of the parent metal by altering the spindle speed and feed rate used during FSW to identify the quality in terms of cold weld or hot weld. FSW process conditions of spindle speed of 500 RPM and a feed rate of 150 mm/min was found to produce a uniform deformation in both weld and parent metal when the joint was superplastc formed.
Simulation and Experiments for Hot Forming of Rectangular Pans in Fine-Grained Aluminum Alloy AA5083
Authors: Sherek Paul A. , Hector Louis G. , Bradley John R. , Krajewski Paul E. , Taleff Eric M.
Published: February 2012

Accurate numerical simulation capability is critical to the development and implementation of hot forming technologies. Numerical simulations were developed for gas-pressure forming of commercial, fine-grained aluminum-magnesium (AA5083) material into deep pan shapes at 450°C. These simulations utilize a material constitutive model recently developed for fine-grained AA5083 materials as a user-defined routine in commercial Finite Element Method (FEM) software. Results from simulations are compared against data from gas-pressure forming experiments, which used the same forming conditions and die geometries. Specifically, local sheet thinning and radius of curvature in edges and corners are compared between simulation and experiment. Numerical simulations are in good agreement with experiments for local sheet thinning of up to 50%. For locations where sheet thinning exceeds 50%, simulations predict less thinning and larger formed radii than observed in experiments. It is likely that cavitation, which is not accounted for in simulations, plays a significant role in causing a decrease in simulation prediction accuracy for thinning values greater than 50%. This study demonstrates a simulation capability that is potentially of significant practical use for predicting the hot gas-pressure forming of fine-grained AA5083 material.
Finite Element Modelling and Experimental Testing of Thermomechanical Behaviour and Failure of Titanium Superplastic Forming Dies
Authors: Leen Sean B. , Deshpande Aditya A. , Hyde Thomas H.
Published: February 2012

This paper describes high temperature cyclic and creep relaxation testing and modelling of a high nickel-chromium material (XN40F) for application to life prediction of superplastic forming (SPF) tools. An experimental test programme to (i) characterise the high temperature cyclic elastic-plastic-creep behaviour of the material over a range of temperatures between 20oC and 900oC, including cyclic controlled strain-range tests at different strain-rates and creep relaxation tests, and (ii) identify the material constants relevant to thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) life prediction, is described. The objective of the material testing is the development of high temperature material and failure models for cyclic analyses and life prediction of SPF and diffusion bonding (DB) dies for titanium aerospace components.
The Development of Superplastic Magnesium Alloy Sheet
Authors: Dashwood Richard J. , Klaumunzer David , Jackson Martin , Fan Zhong Yun , Grimes Roger
Published: February 2012

While magnesium alloys are routinely used in engineering applications in the form of net shape castings, applications for sheet product have been limited due to the poor cold formability of magnesium combined with the perceived expense of sheet. The issues associated with poor cold formability could largely be overcome if magnesium alloys were to be superplastically formed. Superplasticity in magnesium is well established with research papers on the subject dating back to the late 1960s. In recent years, interest in this area has grown to the point where a number of companies have successfully superplastically formed prototype automotive panels from magnesium alloy sheet. Concurrent to this the scientific community have demonstrated superplasticity in a wide range of magnesium alloys using processing techniques ranging from the exotic (severe plastic deformation) to the mundane (traditional warm rolling). Work by the current authors has shown, rather surprisingly, that superplasticity can be achieved in magnesium alloys in the as-cast condition. This has led to some initial exploratory work involving twin roll casting. The concept being that affordable superplastic magnesium sheet could be produced via twin roll casting with only limited rolling reduction to final gauge. This paper describes the superplastic behaviour (in uniaxial tension) and microstructure of sheet processed from strip cast AZ31 and AZ91. The experimental material has included strip cast AZ91 subjected to large shear strains immediately prior to casting. The material was tested in the as-cast condition and after warm rolling to a number of gauges. Industrially useful superplastic capability was demonstrated in the strip cast alloys. Furthermore, good superplastic capability was also demonstrated in sheet subsequently rolled from the cast metal and rolling strain did not significantly influence the ductilities obtained. The mechanism for achieving superplasticity in as-cast magnesium alloys will be considered and the contrasting deformation characteristics of AZ31 and AZ91 will be discussed in terms of m value analysis and microstructural characterisation.
Superplasticity for Lightweight Metal Foams
Authors: Kitazono Koichi , Suzuki Ryosuke
Published: February 2012

Potential applications of superplasticity for lightweight metal foams are reviewed in this paper. Metal foams have been used for lightweight structures, biomedical implants, filters, heat exchangers, sound absorbers and mechanical damping devices. Superplasticity has advantages on metal foaming process and mechanical properties of metal foams. Four examples of metal foams combined with superplastic forming are presented; (i) Enhanced foaming under internal stress superplastic condition, (ii) Superplastic diffusion-bonding of metal foams, (iii) Superplastic forming and foaming and (iv) Superplastic Zn-22Al alloy foam for energy absorbing material.
Analysis of Grain-Boundary Sliding with Rotating Hexagonal Particles
Authors: Kim Byung Nam , Hiraga Keijiro , Morita Koji , Yoshida Hidehiro
Published: February 2012

When the sliding of the grain boundary containing hexagonal particles is accommodated by grain-boundary diffusion, we evaluate the sliding rate and the stress distribution on the boundary, by taking the particle rotation and the intrinsic boundary viscosity into account. The sliding rate was obtained by the energy-balance method, and the particle-rotation rate by a condition of minimum energy-dissipation. With increasing boundary viscosity, the rotation rate increases and then decreases after a maximum. The sliding rate is enhanced by the particle rotation, and decreases with the boundary viscosity.
Superplastic Diaphragm Forming – A Practical Method for Forming Unique Components
Authors: Raman Hari , Barnes A.J.
Published: February 2012

Superplastic Diaphragm Forming (SPDF) is applicable when parts are required to be shaped in materials that are either non-superplastic or where limited strain and near constant thickness are demanded. Unique components made in certain thermoplastic composites can be processed via SPDF and so can heavily perforated superplastic blanks.
This paper illustrates a range of applications for SPDF used at Superform and provides more detailed case studies, some of which involve computer modeling to evaluate and optimize successful outcomes.
Synthesis of Corrugated Structured N Type Pbs Thin Film
Authors: Anila E.I. , Saji K.J. , Sajeev U.S.
Published: February 2012

PbS thin films with corrugated structure were synthesized on glass substrates by dip coating. The surface of the films was found to be corrugated. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of crystalline PbS nanoparticles with average grain size 14nm. From thermo power measurements, the conductivity of the samples was found to be of n type. Band gap of the films was estimated as 1.7eV from absorption spectra.
The Method of Average Modulus Based on Wavelet Transform to Recognize the Sequence Stratigraphy Boundaries with Logging Curves
Authors: Yu Yun Liang , Bai Ye , Wang Jian Qiang
Published: February 2012

Choose a wavelet to transform the logging curves, which can obtain a series of scale and depth corresponding to wavelet coefficients. From the view of fourier series expansion and spectrum energy, the wavelet coefficients of optimal scale should be the largest proportion of total spectral energy. Based on the theory above, method of average modulus based on wavelet transform is put forwarded. Find the optimal scale factor through wavelet transforming of logging curves, and establish a correspondence between oscillations characteristic of wavelet coefficients curve of the optimal scale factor and sequence stratigraphy boundaries. This method provides a new way to recognize sequence stratigraphy boundaries.
The Study on the Vegetation Factor C of the USLE Model in the Frigid Plateau Region Based on Remote Sensing
Authors: Gu Shi Xian , Xu Xia , Wang Xiao Dan
Published: February 2012

The vegetation factor C presented the human disturbance to the soil erosion and was important to the soil erosion estimation and soil conservation. However it was hard to be measured without a long term field observation and much harder in the frigid plateau region where the environment is fragile and tough, research needed and not easy to be conducted. This study used remote sensing to check detail land use/cover, estimated the factor C by vegetation rational model, and a factor C value table was built and C value map was drawn in the typical watershed of eastern Tibet to help to estimate the soil erosion in the material lack area.
Research on the Technology of Three-Dimensional Surface Topological Reconstruction of Underground Rock Salt Cavern Based on Sonar Detection Data
Authors: Chen Jian Zhong , Sheng Ye Hua , Wang Yong Zhi
Published: February 2012

After analyzing the characteristics of rock salt and the feasibility and importance of using underground rock salt cavern as energy stockpiles, this paper explains in detail about the principle of sonar detection technology in cavern measuring and its data organization. This paper studies the technology of three-dimensional surface topological reconstruction of underground rock salt cavern based on sonar detection data with half-edge data structure and boundary representation models. Meanwhile, by conducting validity check for constructed surface model and repair of possible defects, the paper finds correct and effective three-dimensional surface models of underground rock salt cavern, and provides effective data base for the stability analysis, creep analysis and other numerical simulations of underground rock salt cavern. This method, with important economic and social significance, can provide a scientific basis and technological support for the construction of caverns, especially for the safe and rational use of underground rock salt cavern.
Effect of Different Land Use Types on Soil Enzyme Activity on the Edge of Ganjiahu Wetland in Xinjiang
Authors: Li Yan Hong , Chu Xin Zheng
Published: February 2012

This paper selected wetland area in Ganjiahu as research area which impacts of human activity was evident and analyzed the soil enzyme activity of each five edge land-use types (reed wetland, salt meadow, Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendro, farm land), results showed that: Under the effects of different land use types, the impact of the enzyme activity causes its surface layer soil to the catalase to be higher, and in the vertical direction, the soil enzyme activity assumes declining trend along with the depth change. It`s the biggest changing scope among each layer of the enzyme activity in the Populus euphratica. Secondly, each layer of the farmland and reed wetland enzyme activity has the sub-change scope. The average value of enzyme activity of urease exists a declining tendency from the soil surface to the bottom, in which the changing scope of the enzyme activity of each layer in the salt meadow is the biggest. Correespondingly, the each layer of farm land, Populus euphratica and reed wetland enzyme activity has the sub-change scope. The enzyme activity of sucrase exists a declining tendency from the soil surface to the bottom,Each changing scope of the soil enzyme activity in the Populus euphratica is the biggest, the salt meadow and reed wetland`s soil enzyme activity is relatively smaller, and each changing scope of sucrase activity in farm land is not obvious. soil is not obvious to the proteinase activity influence, which indicating that the proteinase is unable representative to reflect this area soil fertility condition . whereas four kinds of enzyme activities in the Haloxylon ammodendro are relatively low, and each change is not obvious, instructing that the disturbance by human are more lightly. Soil enzymes as part of the soil, it plays an important role in the transformation of nutrients, organic matter decomposition, degradation and restoration of pollutants [1].Soil enzyme is kind of substances which remains catalytic ability of decomposition in the soil, it is from microorganisms, plants, animals and there living secretion of debris [2]. In recent years, scholars have paid a lot of attention in the soil enzyme activities as indicators of soil quality research in biological activity [3], they think that the land use could affected significantly enzyme activity of soil, determination of soil enzyme activity and quality has become indispensable. But on the research of soil enzyme activities in the wetland soil of arid desert edge is lack. This paper study the soil enzyme in different land use in Xinjiang Ganjiahu Wetland edge, and discuss the human activities on wetland and ecosystem interference mechanism, in order to carry out construction projects of wetland degradation and restoration and provide evidence.
Experimental Study on Magnetorheological (MR) Jet Polishing of Mould Free Surface
Authors: Lu Chong Da , Wu Meng Fei , Wen Dong Hui , Chai Guo Zhong
Published: February 2012

This paper attempts to use a kind of smart material-magnetorheological fluid and magnetorheological jet polishing method to polish mould. Use self-preparation MR fluid conduct experiments on MR jet polishing setup which developed by ourselves. After polished by MR jet, surface roughness of the mould improved from 812nm to 88nm. The result shows that experiment and its setup are feasible.
Experimental Study on the Lubrication Behaviors of Seawater-Lubricated Thordon Bearings
Authors: Wang You Qiang , Sun Wen Li
Published: February 2012

Seawater lubricated thordon bearing is one of the most appropriate bearings widely used in submerged pump for drainage. The apparatus for studying the lubrication behaviors of the seawater lubricated thordon bearings has been devised and established in the paper. The experimental studies on the tribological properties of the thordon bearings have been conducted under different load and velocity using the apparatus. Effects of load and velocity on friction coefficient of the thordon bearings have been estimated. The experimental results show that the friction coefficient decreases with increasing velocity; the friction coefficient decreases gradually at first and then decreases sharpy with increasing load; the friction coefficient increases sharply with the rising temperature. The experimental results also indicate that there is an appropriate bearing clearance for which the friction coefficient is up to minimum.
The Research of LandCover Classification on Optical Image and Radar Image
Authors: Cao Yin Xuan , Zhao Zheng
Published: February 2012

This paper performed the fusion test using high resolution TerraSAR and ALOS optical multi-spectral image in Hengduan mountains area. The results of automatic classification compared to the visual effect for fusion image indicated that the classification accuracy by HPF is better than other fusion algorithm, which are superior to HPF in other application.
The Analysis of Atmospheric Water Vapor Based on Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer
Authors: He Jie Ying , Sun Feng Lin , Zhang Sheng Wei , Zhang Yu
Published: February 2012

The paper introduces a widely used atmospheric absorption models: MPM by Liebe in 1989. Using this absorption model, the paper simulates the temperature and humidity weighting functions and brightness temperature according to the different frequencies and bandwidth of the multi-channel ground-based microwave radiometer. The results show that simulated brightness temperatures are very well agreement with the observation values with an acceptable root mean square error. This paper uses widely used retrieval method of artificial neural network to obtain the water vapor density profiles and calculates the root mean square error of each dataset. Also, to improve the accuracy of retrievals, this paper adopts multi-layers neural network which has two hidden layers. The results show that the retrievals of water vapor density profiles based on ground-based microwave radiometer are agreement with the water vapor density profile which is observed by radiosonde. Grant Nos. GYHY200906035 China Meteorological Administration nonprofit sector (meteorology) special research
Precipitable Water Vapor Retrieval Using Neural Network from Infrared Hyperspectral Soundings
Authors: Zhang Sheng Lan , Xu Li Sheng , Ding Ji Lie , Liu Hai Lei , Deng Xiao Bo
Published: February 2012

A neural network (NN) based algorithm for retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observations is proposed. An exact radial basis function (RBF) network is selected, in which the at-sensor brightness temperatures are the input variables, and PWV is the output variable. The training data sets for the RBF network are mainly simulated from the fast radiative transfer model (Community Radiative Transfer Model, CRTM) and the latest global assimilation data. The algorithm is validated by retrieving the PWV over west area in China using AIRS data. Compared with the AIRS PWV products, the RMSE of the PWV retrieved by our algorithm is 0.67 g/cm2, and a comparison between the retrieved PWV and radiosonde data is carried out. The result suggests that the RBF neural network based algorithm is applicable and feasible in actual conditions. Furthermore, spatial resolution of water vapor derived by RBF neural network is superior as compared to that of AIRS-L 2 standard product. Finally a PCA scheme is used for the preliminary investigation of the compression of AIRS high dimension observations.
GPU-Based Image Pyramid Transform Algorithm
Authors: Huang Cheng Man , Liu Qiang , Li Yu Xia
Published: February 2012

With the development of semiconductor technology, the GPU's floating point computing capacity improves rapidly. How to GPU rendering from the traditional video game applied to the general computing has become a highlight in the research field of high performance computing.Pyramid transform is commonly used image processing algorithms. The experiment proves that NVIDIA GPU-based pyramid transform of image and rebuilding the image, as opposed to CPU platform acceleration achieved good results.
Vulnerability Degree Assessment of Red Tide Disaster Based on High-Resolution RS Images and GIS
Authors: Wen Shi Yong , Song Li Li , Zhao Dong Zhi , Long Hua
Published: February 2012

To calculate and analyses the spatial distribution of the red tide disaster receptors vulnerability degree, a high-resolution RS images and GIS-based method was proposed. According to the vulnerability content of natural disaster, the damage characteristic of red tide disaster and the sample characteristic spectrum, the definition of the vulnerability of red tide disaster receptors was defined and its value ranging from 0 to 1. The spatial distribution information extraction methods of the vulnerability assessment indicators based on high-resolution RS image were established. A GIS-based method of the vulnerability degree assessment method was put forward. Finally, a Dongtou waters is taken as testing area to verify the above method, and the experiment results are satisfying.
The Extraction and Dynamic Monitoring of Leaf Area Index in Northeast of China Based on SPOT VEGETATION Data
Authors: Miao Zheng Hong , Wang Zong Ming , Chen Jing Ming , Song Kai Shan , Ren Chun Ying
Published: February 2012

Using SPOT VEGETATION data, the extraction method of experience model of LAI (leaf area index), we estimate and dynamic analysis the LAI of the northeast in 2000, 2004 and 2008. The results showed that: the LAI values of the Northeast region from 2000 to 2008 appears gradually increasing trend, the lowest average of 3.10 throughout the region in 2000, the highest in 2008, reaching 4.97. Judging from the different regions, changes in Liaoning province is the largest one which increases 136.40 points between 8 years, while Heilongjiang Province is the lowest, increased at only 21.53%. LAI values of Heilongjiang province are all the highest in 2000, 2004 and 2008 mainly because of the rich forest resources, vegetation coverage are relatively good; while in Liaoning province and Inner Mongolia, vegetation coverage is relatively poor. Therefore, the LAI is relatively low.
The Study on Communication Energy Saving Algorithm of Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zhang Wen Xiang , Ru Yan Dong , Ma Yin Hua , Guo Ji Kun
Published: February 2012

Wireless transceiver’s energy consumption takes a high proportion of sensors’ whole energy consumption. Saving wireless transceiver’s energy consumption is significant because of limited energy of wireless sensor network nodes. This paper is based on the model of wireless transceiver’s energy consumption which works in a long distance. Predicted on proving real-time character, this paper poses a long distance low energy consumption scheduling algorithm which adopts dynamic modulation scaling technology combined heuristic algorithm. First, dispatching the modulation level off-line, allocating task and solidifying dispatch result into dispatcher manager. Then, according to the practical transmission time during transmission, adjust the modulation levels again. The simulation experiment proves the algorithm’s effective.
Classification of Alpine Wetlands Based on Feature Indices of Remote Sensing Image
Authors: Zou Wen Tao , Zhang Huai Qing , Ju Hong Bo , Liu Hua
Published: February 2012

Based on the brightness, greenness, humidity indices after Tasseled Cap transformation, NDWI and DEM. Extracting the alpine wetland information in source regions of three Rivers. Result shows that: the humidity can be used to distinguish wetland types from non-wetland classes, brightness component is effective in grassland extracting, while bare rock and gravel land, sand land etc. could be distinguished through its high value on lightness component. Elevation and slope component could be taken as the threshold variable in distinguishing the marsh and bare rock and gravel land. It shows that RS feature index based classification method used on Alpine wetland could improve the overall accuracy by 10.71% and Kappa index by 0.1250 after comparing with the maximum likelihood method. The result indicates that, the method based on indices got from image band transformation is an effective way of alpine wetlands information remote sensing extracting.
Application of the Parallel Spatial Association Rule in Remote Sensing Data Mining
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhang Dong Dong
Published: February 2012

Since the remote sensing data are multi-resources and massive, the common data mining algorithm cannot effectively discover the knowledge what people want to know. However, spatial association rule can solve the problem of inefficiency in remote sensing data mining. This paper gives an algorithm to compute the frequent item sets though a method like calculating vectors inner-product. And the algorithm will introduce pruning in the whole running. It reduces the time and resources consumption effectively
Mining Land Damage Assessment and Analysis Based on ArcGIS
Authors: Chen Long Quan , Zou Feng Qiong
Published: February 2012

Serious hazard for mining subsidence, and the prediction of traditional methods of land use change has many defects, this paper mainly analyzes mining subsidence's influence on land use by using GIS. Put data of mining subsidence and layer’s data of land use into ArcGIS, then change region of mining subsidence to regions of the different deep subsidence, then intersect layer of mining subsidence with one of land use, the different deep subsidence and land use database are spatially analyzed and the different lands are found out and their areas are calculated, ArcGIS expresses the result in the way of image. In the end do analysis of GIS according to the calculated result.
The Research on Forest Resources Change Detection Based on C5.0 Algorithm and Neighborhood Correlation Image Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhi Hui , Cui Xi Min , Yuan De Bao , Liu Huan , Wang Jia Feng
Published: February 2012

With double-temporal Landsat TM and ETM+ datasets, the change information of forest resources of Culai Mountain in Shandong Province was explored. This paper applies decision tree classification based on C5.0 algorithm and neighborhood correlation image analysis to detect forest change information，and compares the three different detection methods：1)C5.0 classifies single-temporal data respectively，and extract change information after comparing classification results；2) create C5.0 train rules through double-temporal raw data，then generate change detection map；3)In addition to double-temporal remote sensing data，neighborhood correlation analysis images are also added as one of the data sources of C5.0，and generate change detection map. The experimental result shows that decision tree classification based on C5.0 algorithm can detect change information effectively，and after adding neighborhood correlation analysis images the classification accuracy of change detection was improved.
Remote Sensing Image Mosaic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yi Ding , Qin Shuai
Published: February 2012

In the field of remote sensing, the acquirement of higher resolution of remote sensing images has become a hot spot issue with widely use of high resolution of remote sensing images. This paper focus on the characteristics of high resolution remote sensing images, on the basis of fully considerate of the correlation between geometric features and image pixels, bring forward a fusion of image mosaic processing algorithm. With this algorithm, the surface features can be well preserved after the processing of mosaic the remote sensing images, and the overlapping area can transit naturally, it will be better for the post-processing, analysis and application.
FTIR/ATR Spectroscopy Applied to the Rapid Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand of Wastewater
Authors: Pan Tao , Ji Qiang , Chen Jie Mei , Chen Hua Zhou
Published: February 2012

A directly rapid quantification method for chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater was established by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with attenuated total reflection (ATR) technology and moving window partial least squares (MWPLS) method with changeable parameters. All samples were firstly divided into the calibration set and the prediction set. And then according to the predicion effect, the optimal model was selected, and the corresponding waveband, number of adopted wavenumbers, PLS factor, root mean squared error of predication (RMSEP), correlation coefficient of predication (RP) were 3152-1109 cm-1, 1060, 8, 21.5 mg/L, and 0.981 respectively, which was obviously superior to the optimal PLS model on the whole spectral collecting region. The result shows that FTIR/ATR spectroscopy can be applied to the rapid determination of COD of wastewater, and the waveband selected by MWPLS method with changeable parameters has higher signal to noise ratio, which can effectively improve the precision of the predictive model.