bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oncological Distress: Coping Styles in the Face of Suffering
Authors: Gabrielli Fabio , Irtelli Floriana
Published: November 2023

Psycho-oncology explores some complex dimensions like emotions, feelings, and relationships of oncological patients. Cross-sectional studies have found that anxiety is a common reaction among cancer patients; it manifests itself with both mental (psychological) and physical (somatic) symptoms. As a matter of fact, many anxious patients suffer from a combination of mental and physical symptoms, with one aggravating the other, creating a vicious circle. Mental symptoms are worry, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, and nightmares. Physical symptoms consist of respiratory breathlessness, hyperactivity of the autonomic nervous system, or muscle tension. Depression is also very common as a reaction. In this regard, we must specify that coping styles act as early modulators of adaptation responses to the disease, and their advance knowledge can predict the person’s response to the disease, and this can help to think about the most appropriate type of support to offer to the patient. It would be desirable to inform patients more frequently about the psychological consequences of cancer, about the psychological support available and its benefits, and about psychological interventions that can promote more suitable and effective coping.
Leveraging Programmable Educational Drones, Robots and AI for Learning STEM, Computational Thinking and Higher Order Thinking in Schools in Rural Villages
Authors: Amenyo John-Thones , Kpo Wolanyo
Published: November 2023

TechViwoEDU Project is addressing the hypothesis that school age children in rural villages, throughout the world, can use advanced low-cost technologies, such as programmable drones, coding robots, and physical & digital manipulative tools for learning and knowledge acquisition. Specifically, they can use these low-cost tools, sometimes partly made from local materials, to acquire developmental skills such as higher-order thinking (problem-solving thinking, critical thinking, rule-based thinking, creative thinking), computational thinking, algorithms, digital and automation technologies, and STEM-based technologies, for future of work and future of jobs. Drones provide a gateway for engaging learners with mathematical topics such as geometric, spatial, topological structures; order structures, temporal structures; and algebraic structures. Drones are also a part of the toolset that enables the students and their coaches to collaborate in active learning involving exploration, discovery, creativity, ingenuity, innovation, competition, and cooperation. A challenge provides effective user interfaces for the comprehension of the huge amount of information that learners must assimilate and accommodate. The project has been launched for the rural community schools of Tsrukpe in the North Dayi District of the Volta Region of Ghana, West Africa, with a student population of about 600, and pilot program for about 60 students.
Diversity of Human Resources and Development in the Organization
Authors: Joshua Olabiyi Olaniyi
Published: November 2023

Effective management of people is crucial for the success of any organization. It is important to consider the factors that affect employees’ behavior at work; individual differences and characteristics play a significant role in this. Organizations often assume that everyone is the same and will behave rationally in the face of change. However, people’s behavior differs due to variations in personal characteristics, background, and the environment in which they were brought up. In addition, there are differences in ability, intelligence, personality, and other factors. The failure to embrace diversity effectively can adversely affect both employees and customers. Therefore, companies must concentrate on holistic strategies to address broader human resource issues and value-diverse employees. Customers are “partial” employees of service organizations and play a significant role in service production. Thus, managing both full-time and “partial” employees (i.e., customers) is essential using diverse managerial strategies.
Socioeconomic Conditions and Infant Mortality: The Recent Experience of Francophone Africa
Authors: Beninguisse Gervais , Mbarga Claude
Published: November 2023

This chapter highlights the impact of socioeconomic conditions on infant mortality trends, based on the experience of 18 French-speaking African countries over the past 30 years. We use a mix of classification, decomposition, and regression methods to highlight convergences and divergences between countries. The analyses show steep declines in five countries (Congo, DRC, Burundi, Central African Republic, Niger, and Mali). For most (14 out of 18) countries, the analyses also show a narrowing of the rural-urban gap that is unfortunately due to slow declines or a rise in the risk of mortality in urban areas. Elsewhere, this gap remains steady. Decomposition analyses underscore the role of general improvements in health services and infrastructure, which appear as the main driver of change.
Longitudinal Assembly of Gold Nanorods on Various Templates for Optoelectronics
Authors: Chapagain Puskar , Neupane Suman
Published: November 2023

Different synthesis methods such as lithography, physical vapor deposition, layer-by-layer deposition, self-assembly, and laser irradiation are commonly used to deposit and arrange functional nanoparticles on a substrate. The properties of these hierarchically organized materials can be fine-tuned by controlling the shape, size, and crystallinity of the fundamental building blocks. However, achieving controlled organization of the building blocks in a desired architecture on a substrate remains a formidable challenge. This topic will discuss the most recent progress in self-assembly technique and challenges in achieving linear assembly of gold nanorods on a suitable substrate in one, two, or three dimensions and their impact on photonic applications.
Universality of Koba-Nielsen-Olesen Scaling in QCD at High Energy and Entanglement
Authors: Liu Yizhuang , A. Nowak Maciej , Zahed Ismail
Published: November 2023

Using Mueller’s dipole formalism for deep inelastic scattering in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), we formulate and solve the evolution for the generating function for the multiplicities of the produced particles in hadronic processes at high energy. The solution for the multiplicities satisfies Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling, with good agreement with the recently re-analyzed data from the H1 experiment at HERA (DESY) and the old ALEPH detector data for hadronic Z decay at LEP (CERN). The same scaling function with KNO scaling carries to the hadronic multiplicities from jets in electron-positron annihilation. This agreement is a priori puzzling, since in Mueller’s dipole evolution, one accounts for virtual dipoles in a wave function, whereas in electron-positron annihilation, one describes cross-sections of real particles. We explain the origin of this similarity, pointing at a particular duality between the two processes. Finally, we interpret our results from the point of view of quantum entanglement between slow and fast degrees of freedom in QCD and derive the entanglement entropy pertinent to electron-positron annihilation into hadronic jets.
Green Synthesis of Copper, Silver, and Gold Nanoparticles: Applications in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Nawaz Faisal , Jamil Irum , Shakoor Bushra
Published: November 2023

For the creation of an effective “green chemistry,” scientists have paid a lot of attention to a method for creating metal nanoparticles in recent years. The topic of nanoscale metal synthesis is one that is now pertinent due to the growing use of nanoscale metals in industries like engineering and medicine and the environment. The development of nanotechnology has revolutionized society and has focused on a number of scientific fields, including cancer, human epidemiology, and material science. Utilizing biological agents to prepare metallic nanoparticles through green chemistry reduces negative effects and improves the metal’s anticancer properties. Commercially, nanoparticles are typically prepared via physical, chemical, and biological techniques. For metal and metal oxide nanoparticles made from natural extracts, such as gold, silver, and copper oxide, which are useful to improve biomedical applications like antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant, have been summarized in this chapter. The easy availability of plants that are safe, easy to handle, and inexpensive allows for the synthesis of many nanoparticles. These techniques are environment-friendly, nontoxic, and economically viable green synthesized processes.
Preparing Social Work Students for International Field Education through Intercultural Awareness
Authors: Townsend Annie , Stobaus Jaryd
Published: November 2023

As the world continues to witness increasing humanitarian crises, social work students are filled with a desire to help. International Field Education provides important preparation for social work students for a future whereby complex humanitarian contexts will inform their practice. In this chapter, we use a case study to introduce some of the humanitarian complexities social work students experience during International Field Education. We then show how an exchange between the student and the Field Educator is informed by intercultural awareness pedagogy. We break this pedagogy down into a suite of pedagogical principles. We use this exchange to complement and fill the gaps in existing research on how to improve intercultural awareness in students of the complexities that unfold during International Field Education and thereby set students up to have the foundational knowledge for future work.
Gamma Ray Induced Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement: Applications, Advancements, and Challenges
Authors: Ntsomboh Ntsefong Godswill , Paul Ernest Fokam , Benoit Constant Likeng-Li-Ngue , Mbi Kinsley Tabi , Alain Hervé Zambou , Hortense Noelle Mafouasson , Joseph Martin Bell
Published: November 2023

Gamma ray induced mutagenesis is a powerful tool for crop improvement that has been used for decades to generate genetic variability in crops. This method has advantages over other mutagenic agents due to its high penetrance and ability to induce a large number of mutations in a single treatment. Recent advancements in high-throughput screening techniques and molecular marker analysis have facilitated the identification and characterization of beneficial traits resulting from gamma ray induced mutagenesis. However, there are also challenges associated with this method, such as the need to balance trait improvements with potential negative effects on crop yield or quality, ethical considerations, safety measures, and considerations for climate-smart agriculture. This chapter provides an overview of the historical background and principles of gamma ray induced mutagenesis, its applications in crop improvement and climate-smart agriculture, recent advancements, challenges, and future directions. The chapter highlights the potential of gamma ray induced mutagenesis for generating new genetic variation in crops and its potential role in addressing global food security and climate change challenges.
Small Armaments Non-Proliferation and Terrorism Security Dilemma Smuggling in Aegis of the Asymmetric Warfare
Authors: Maisaia Vakhtang
Published: November 2023

The topic will reveal how armaments proliferation effects on terrorism developments cases and how is possible to correlate new type of terrorism, like Jihadist Terrorism with small armament proliferation issues. All of these factors are linked to asymmetric warfare provisions and attacks perception. The regime of non-proliferation recognizes only large arms and armaments restrictions and proper international law provisions are provided that deal with collective security prerequisites. The small arms and armaments proliferation is limited only with national legal, even sometimes non-binding provisions that makes possible increase scope of terrorism activities at any level. Small armaments are good case for promoting hybrid attacks and guerilla operation and even urban combat wagging by terrorist and aggressive non-state violent actors that easily transformed into security dilemma modality from national to international level. All of the activities are being performed in military scientific terms in aegis of the Fourth Generation Warfare Strategy.
Perspective Chapter: Creating and Dismantling Social Health Insurance in Hungary – Causes and Consequences
Authors: Orosz Eva
Published: November 2023

In the early 1990s, as part of the political transition, a comprehensive reform of the Hungarian health system was launched, including the transformation of tax-based financing into a social health insurance (SHI) system. The SHI was financed by contributions paid by employers and employees and operated by a newly created institution, the National Health Insurance Fund Administration (NHIFA), which enjoyed considerable independence. In 2008, there was a short-lived attempt to replace the single-payer, public institution model of the SHI with a system of competing private health insurers: the parliament passed the relevant law, only to repeal it a few months later. In the 2010s, the health system underwent radical changes as part of the overcentralisation of the entire public administration. All the basic elements of the SHI system were abolished, and the essential powers of the NHIFA were taken over by the government. This chapter describes these radical changes in the health financing system and reveals the political and economic reasons behind them, as well as their impact on the performance of the Hungarian health care system.
Lactate: Anaerobic Threshold and New Discoveries
Authors: Fusi Jonathan , Scarfò Giorgia , Franzoni Ferdinando
Published: November 2023

Since its discovery, the lactate molecule has always aroused interest and curiosity in academia. Over the years and scientific discoveries, lactate has only been approached in human physiology as a waste product of anaerobic metabolism. To better understand lactate, researchers have also identified and devised the concept of the anaerobic threshold. However, lactate is rediscovering a new life, as it also appears to be a metabolite of the aerobic system. In addition, it also appears to have a decisive role in neuroplasticity, as well as first and second messenger activity. The aim of the understanding is to deal with an examination of lactate from its beginnings up to the most recent discoveries, passing from the concept of the anaerobic threshold.
Difficulties in accessing medical surgical care in the Amazonas
Authors: Emerson Souza José , de Almeida Costa Cleinaldo , Peixoto França Gabriel , Alonso Nivaldo
Published: November 2023

Despite over half of Amazonas’s inhabitants residing in rural areas, few specialized health services are available to them. Most advanced health services, including hemodialysis, are concentrated in the state capital, Manaus, leaving those in rural areas without access to proper healthcare. The population of the interior is devoid of units of health. This is partially due to the region’s challenging geography, making it difficult for rural populations to reach Manaus. All surgical hospitals in cities surrounding the capital are publicly funded, with no private healthcare options available in rural Amazonas. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery, an international initiative, has proposed a model for analyzing the health system, especially the surgical system, to achieve universal access to safe surgery and anesthesia by 2030. Funding is a crucial factor in making this possible and providing better access to healthcare for all. A comprehensive analysis of the health system in the state is necessary to guide public policies, optimize future healthcare investments, and improve access to clinical and surgical treatments for the population.
Cortisol Measurement at Point of Care or Use: A Portable Fluorescence Immunoassay Method Using Capillary (Finger Prick) Samples
Authors: Bolodeoku John , Kyum Kim Tae
Published: November 2023

In this chapter, we describe a quantitative fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) for the quantitative determination of cortisol in finger prick samples using a handheld device (ichroma™ M3). It gives a signal which is directly proportional to the cortisol concentration in plasma samples with a performance time between 10 and 15 min. The assay has a working range of 50–800 nmol/L. The precision of the assay (repeatability, within-laboratory, lot to lot, between person, between sites) is <7.1%. There is very little cross-reactivity (+/− 5%) with Cortisone, Corticosterone, Progesterone, Prednisone, Testosterone, Prednisolone, Deoxycortisol, DHEA, Dexamethasone. With minimal interference (+/− 5%) from D-glucose, L-Ascorbic acid, Bilirubin, Haemoglobin, Cholesterol and Triglyceride. There is very good agreement between the cortisol estimates of the bioMerieux Mini VIDAS (reference) and ichroma™ M3. In addition, cortisol estimations could also be performed on whole blood K2-EDTA, whole blood K3-EDTA and whole blood Li-Heparin samples. The ichroma™ cortisol method was able to detect the circadian rhythm in a healthy volunteer using finger prick samples and handheld device.
Chagas Disease: A Review of the Disease and Its Interaction with COVID-19
Authors: Álvarez-Hernández Diego-Abelardo , Pinto Daniella , Martínez-Juárez Luis , García-Rodríguez-Arana Rodolfo , Montoya Alejandra
Published: November 2023

Chagas disease is a chronic and silent disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is endemic to Latin America, but it has spread to non-endemic countries worldwide. It is primarily a vector-borne disease that is transmitted by triatomines. It has a broad clinical spectrum and infected individuals can develop life-threatening complications if left undiagnosed and remain untreated. COVID-19 is a complex and evolving disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. It has caused a catastrophic global effect, infecting about 768 million people, of which almost 200 million live in America, where both diseases overlap. The resources that have been assigned to fight back its burden have disrupted essential health services that are needed to advance towards the control, elimination, and eradication of Chagas disease. This chapter includes an overview of the disease, discusses its interaction with COVID-19, and highlights the crucial priorities for healthcare professionals and policymakers to leave no one behind.
Cyberbullying on Instagram: How adolescents perceive risk in personal selfies?
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández M. Dolores , Herrera M. Carmen , Villanueva-Moya Laura , Expósito Francisca
Published: November 2023

The nature of social networking sites and the overconfidence and lack of awareness that characterize the adolescent stage favor the assumption of risk behaviors on Instagram (e.g., self-objectified photos, that is, photos showing sexualized body parts such as skin cleavage or the abdomen). Two experimental studies examine the social perceptions of adolescents regarding the risk of suffering from cyberbullying behaviors by posting selfies on Instagram. Study 1 (N = 373 adolescents) revealed that participants perceived more risk when an individual uploaded an objectified selfie (vs. a non-objectified). Participants perceived that the target will be more likely to suffer from cyberbullying behaviors when they: (a) uploaded on Instagram an objectified selfie (vs. a non-objectified) and (b) were female (vs. male). Study 2 (N = 210 adolescents) showed that when a girl (vs. a boy) uploaded an objectified selfie, participants perceived more risk in her behavior and perceived that she would be more likely to suffer from cyberbullying behaviors. Specifically, female adolescents (vs. males) perceived that a girl (vs. a boy) would be a target of cyberbullying behaviors to a greater extent. Finally, participants perceived that uploading an objectified photo was more risky when the target was a girl (vs. a boy), which led to suffering from cyberbullying behaviors to a greater extent. These results can help to further understand the risk to which adolescents are exposed on Instagram, being higher among adolescent girls. Therefore, this work highlights the importance of considering gender differences in the design of cyberbullying prevention programs.
The different faces of online support: A thematic analysis of responses to help-seeking related to depression and suicidal ideation in public online forums
Authors: Bjärehed Jonas , Grönberg Hannes , Jarlvik Erik
Published: November 2023

Help-seeking related to depression and suicidal ideations is frequent in internet forums. Forum threads concerning these topics often receive much interest through active replies but are also read by numerous passive users. Previous research indicates that such interactions may be helpful for the help-seeker, even if the underlying mechanisms are less clear. Meanwhile, some studies also suggest that online forum interactions can be less helpful or have a negative impact on the help-seeker. This study examines how online help-seeking is responded to through a qualitative thematic analysis of 72 discussion threads comprising 1,475 posts. We identify six themes that characterize different types of responses: Giving Tips, Teaching, Coaching, Consoling, Sharing One’s Own Experiences, and Bullying. These response types represent different strategies in their attempts to provide help, but sometimes also appear less helpful or even malicious. The responses are heterogeneous and often contradictory, with very different tones, spanning over varied suggestions and topics, leaving the help-seeker to interpret and make sense of the messages.
Behind the screens: Proposing a mentalization-based theoretical model of problematic Internet use
Authors: Chatterjee Diya , Rai Rishabh
Published: November 2023

Problematic Internet Use (PIU), with its adverse health outcomes, is a clinically established phenomenon that is not formally diagnosable yet. The latest PIU research reveals differential psychological mechanisms underlying two types of Internet usage: social use (like using social media, chatrooms, and others) and non-social use (like live streaming, short-form video viewing, and others). Social forms of PIU often signal underlying interpersonal issues, including loneliness, attachment problems, and social skill deficits. In comparison, non-social usage might indicate emotion regulation problems, including emotion recognition deficits, poor cognitive empathy, and emotion suppression. A common developmental concomitant of these functions is the ability to mentalize, operationalized as Reflective Functioning (RF). While studies supporting the role of impaired RF in problematic social uses of the Internet abound, only a few studies relating RF deficits to non-social PIU are identifiable. Also, mentalizing is multidimensional, with cognitive and affective poles influencing emotion regulation and interpersonal functioning. Deficits in both poles of mentalizing have been differentially implicated in non-social and social PIU. Based on the latest empirical evidence in Internet-use problems, the multifaceted role of mentalizing could be meaningfully assimilated into a novel social-cognitive model of PIU. To that end, the current paper attempts to theoretically integrate affective and cognitive mentalizing, with its roles in emotion regulation and interpersonal functioning, into Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory of PIU. The theoretical model might have implications in developing a mentalization-based treatment modality for PIU that could train individuals in efficiently regulating emotions and navigating real-life social situations without resorting to an over-involvement with the virtual world.
BathyGlobe GapFiller: A planning tool to help fill the gaps in world bathymetry
Authors: Ware Colin , Mayer Larry , Johnson Paul
Published: November 2023

To efficiently map the oceans in support of the SeaBed 2030 project and other mapping programs, newly collected mapping lines should ideally not duplicate existing data but slightly overlap prior mapping coverage. BathyGlobe GapFiller is a software tool designed to support planning for transit and area mapping. At its core is an algorithm that adjusts transit lines so that they overlap existing lines by a specified amount. Two novel methods for accomplishing this are presented. The better solution uses a custom overlap detecting filter. While it is more computationally intensive than the alternative, it performs better and is robust. Other capabilities of the BathyGlobe GapFiller are described, including swath width estimation based on system specifications and/or past performance, automatic transit planning, polygon filling, and the production of detailed statistics representing planned survey coverage, overlap and time to complete the survey.
FIG Work Week 2023: A great success for the international surveying community
Authors: Schild Niklas-Maximilian , Scheider Annette , Klatt Lukas
Published: November 2023

From May 27th to June 1st, 2023, FIG Work Week 2023 was held in the enchanting surroundings of Disney World in Orlando, Florida, United States of America. Organized by the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) and the National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS), the event provided a high-level platform for experts and professionals from the surveying and land use planning industry to discuss important topics and present the latest developments. More than 1,000 participants from 85 countries were in attendance.
DAMPAK PENERAPAN KONSEP DESAIN MAGNETIC GEAR PADA PUTARAN GENERATOR
Authors: Normansyah Normansyah
Published: November 2023

Generator listrik arus bolak-balik sudah dikenal luas dalam dunia kelistrikan. Semua generator listrik yang sampai sekarang diketahui oleh para ahli dalam bidang ini memerlukan peningkatan daya pengaktifan karena beban listrik diperlukan dari generator listrik. Dengan kata lain, dengan bertambahnya beban listrik pada generator, maka akan semakin banyak daya yang dibutuhkan oleh penggeraknya, apakah itu pembangkit bahan bakar fosil, tenaga air, atau yang lainnya. Generator adalah komponen penting pada pembangkit listrik. Generator merupakan rancangan mesin listrik yang dapat mengubah energi kinetik menjadi energi listrik. Medan magnet akan berputar seuai dengan arah putaran ketika generator mendapatkan putaran dari luar yang kemudian mengakibatkan terjadinya induksi elektromagnetik pada kumparan.

 

Pada proses ini memperoleh data dengan terjun langsung ke lokasi proses jasa penggulungan generator atau motor listrik bengkel mekanik dan las. Serta mendapatkan informasi lainnya tentang permasalahan yang terdapat dilapangan seperti : menentukan koil dan proses penggulungan kumparan, dapat mengukur dan mengetahui kuat arus kumparan, dapat mengetahui proses pembubutan dan pengeboran bahan utama generator.

Jadi dampak penerapan magnetic gear pada putaran 375 rpm, kondisi putaran generator tanpa beban. Dan dampak penerapan magnetic gear pada putaran 366 rpm, kondisi putaran generator sesudah berbeban. Untuk mengurangi peningkatan daya yang dibutuhkan oleh pengerak akibat dari pertambahan beban listrik pada generator sehingga dapat mengakibatkan efesiensi dan mengurangi biaya produksi energi listrik pada generator tersebut.
Rancang Bangun Miniatur Pembagkit Listrik Tenaga Air Untuk Rumah Tangga
Authors: Allkadri Syarif Ishak
Published: November 2023

Miniatur PLTA adalah sebuah sistem kecil atau model skala kecil dari Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) yang dirancang untuk menghasilkan energi listrik dari tenaga air dengan menggunakan prinsip dan komponen yang serupa dengan PLTA skala penuh. Miniatur PLTA dirancang sebagai representasi atau simulasi dari PLTA yang sebenarnya, tetapi dalam ukuran yang lebih kecil dan kapasitas daya yang lebih rendah. Prinsip kerja miniatur Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) didasarkan pada konversi energi kinetik air menjadi energi mekanik dan selanjutnya menjadi energi listrik. Miniatur PLTA ini menghasilkan energi listrik arus DC dengan tekanan air dari bantuan mesin Pom Ikan dan dinamo Tape untuk memutar kincir agar dapat ditransmisikan putaran tersebut ke generator/dinamo untuk dijadikan aliran listrik. Miniatur PLTA ini terjadi jika saat mesin Pom Ikan tersebut dialiri dari sumber akan membuat tekanan pada pada air sehingga kincir dapat berputar juga dibantu dari dinamo Tape yang bersumber dari baterai lampu cas agar putaran tersebut dapat begerak sedikit cepat yang kemudian, generator/dinamo Blender bergerak berputar untuk mengahsilkan listrik dimana aliran listrik ini dialiri menuju ke beban yang ada. Beban yang ada mempengaruhi kecepatan pada generator/dinamo Blender karena daya yang dihasilkan terbatas, maka dari itu dengan bantuan dari Baterai Bor Cas akan memberikan dampak kepada putaran yang dihasilkan, agar daya yang dihasilkan menjadi maksima menuju ke beban.  

          

Kata kunci : Miniatur PLTA, Mesin Pom Ikan, Dinamo Tape, Baterai Lampu Cas, Kincir Air, Dinamo Blender, Baterai Bor Cas, dan Arus  DC.
New insights into the fossil record of the turtle genus Chelus Duméril, 1806 including new specimens with information on cervicals and limb bones
Authors: CADENA Edwin-Alberto , Andrés Link undefined , VANEGAS Andrés , AVELLANEDA-OTERO Carlos A. , PERDOMO César , URUEÑA-CARRILLO Diego A. , SÁNCHEZ Rodolfo , VANEGAS Rubén , SCHEYER Torsten M. , CARRILLO-BRICEÑO Jorge D.
Published: November 2023

Matamata turtles (Chelus Duméril, 1806) are composed of two extant species, Chelus fimbriata ­Schneider, 1783 and Chelus orinocensis Vargas-Ramírez, Caballero, Morales-Betancourt, Lasso, Amaya, Martínez, Silva-Viana, Vogt, Farias, Hrbek, Campbell & Fritz, 2020, inhabitants of the main freshwater drainages of northern South America. The systematics and palaeobiogeography of Chelus is still unresolved. Here, we describe several new fossil specimens from the Late Miocene of Urumaco (Venezuela) and Tatacoa (Colombia). The fossils are mostly complete, articulated shells that allow reestablishing validity of two extinct taxa, Chelus colombiana Wood, 1976 and Chelus lewisi Wood, 1976. One of the specimens of C. lewisi from Urumaco represents the first record within the genus for which autopodial bones (a left manus) and additional limb bones are preserved together with ashell, demonstrating evolutionary conservatism in limb anatomy for the genus. The specimen comes from the Socorro Formation, representing the earliest so far known record of Chelus for the Urumaco sequence. Additionally, one specimen from Tatacoa is the first fossil for which cervical and pectoral girdle elements are preserved. Phylogenetic analysis supports the existence of two separate clades inside of Chelus, one formed by the extinct species and the other by the extant ones.
Blocking the Apelin Receptor (APJ) Attenuates TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats
Authors: Birsen İlknur , Sinen Osman , Akkan Simla Su , Üstünel İsmail , İzgüt-Uysal V. Nimet
Published: November 2023

Objective: The apelinergic system, consisting of apelin, ELABELA, and the apelin receptor (APJ), has a wide range of roles in physiological and pathophysiological processes in tissues. The effects of increased apelin and APJ as an indicator of damage in inflammatory conditions or as a compensatory mechanism are not fully clear in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study was designed to assess the role of APJ in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model.
Methods: Colitis in adult male Wistar rats were induced by intrarectally administered TNBS (30 mg b.w. in 50% ethanol). While the control group was treated with only saline to the colon, the TNBS+F13A and F13A groups received the APJ antagonist F13A (30 µg/kg/day, i.v.) for 3 days, starting immediately after TNBS or saline administration, respectively.
Results: A decrease in body weight and an increase in colon weight/length ratio and stool consistency score were observed in the TNBS group. TNBS caused an increase in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the number of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), as well as apelin production, leading to mucosal ulceration, necrosis, and submucosal edema in the colon. While F13A administration to the control did not cause any change in the colon, F13A administration immediately after TNBS greatly reduced the effects of TNBS.
Conclusion: APJ is involved in the development of damage in colitis induced by TNBS. F13A reduces the level of damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and MPO enzyme activity. APJ may be a therapeutic target in IBD.
Fale e Veja: Inovando na inclusão
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Bella
Published: November 2023

A equipe Bricks Of Pará tem como foco neste trabalho descrever seu objeto de estudo para dar-se a inclusão social de pessoas surdas ao mundo do teatro ao utilizarem um aplicativo de celular que converte a língua portuguesa para a língua de sinais, desempenhando um papel crucial na quebra de barreiras de comunicação e na promoção da igualdade de oportunidades. O aplicativo (app) é uma ferramenta valiosa para pessoas surdas que desejam compreender a fala de interlocutores ou, no caso do teatro, dos atores. Este dispositivo capta o áudio e o traduz, simultaneamente, em língua de sinais, tornando a comunicação mais eficaz. A inclusão social de pessoas surdas no mundo do teatro, com o auxílio do app é uma maneira essencial de garantir que todos tenham acesso à arte e à cultura. A quebra de barreiras de comunicação é um passo importante em direção a uma sociedade mais inclusiva e igualitária.
Integrating Regional Cultural Characteristics into Art and Design Education in a Normal University in Henan, China
Authors: Chen Dan , Abd. Rahim Normaliza
Published: November 2023

Regional culture is a comprehensive embodiment of the geographical environment, living forms, historical inheritance, and humanistic spirit of a region, and is a valuable resource for the region’s sustainable development. The current regional culture-related curriculum of art and design courses in many local colleges and universities is monotonous, and the concept of talent training is outdated. Thus, it is time to carry out a reform of this curriculum based on the regional culture characteristics. Using a normal university in Henan Province as an example, this paper discusses how to effectively integrate the regional culture into the curriculum model reform. Data were collected from 533 undergraduate design students and used to examine the following issues: (i) Analysing the integration of the art and design curriculum with the regional culture, (ii) Proposing a comprehensive teaching model for the integrated art and design curriculum.
The Effectiveness of Graphic Organisers for Improving Reading Comprehension in ESL Learners: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Hon Kai Lai , Mukundan Jayakaran
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study is to examine the effects of graphic organisers (GOs) as an instructional tool for enhancing reading comprehension among ESL learners. This paper presents a systematic review of related topics over the past decade, from 2015 to 2020, and found 31 journal papers that fulfilled the research criteria, representing the scholarly work in this field. These studies were published in journals indexed in Google Scholar, Eric, ProQuest, and JStor, and were selected according to a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The current literature review reveals that graphic organisers help learners visually organise and structure information, making complex concepts and relationships more accessible. They promote active engagement with the content as well as support the identification of main ideas, supporting details, and relationships between concepts. This enhanced comprehension leads to better retention and understanding of the material. However, the effectiveness of graphic organisers is influenced by issues such as visual literacy challenges, lack of familiarity with GOs, low cognitive level, and selection of an appropriate GO. In conclusion, our findings suggest that incorporating graphic organisers in language learning can be a valuable tool for educators to enhance their students’ reading comprehension skills. By considering the influencing factors, educators can tailor their teaching methods to optimise the benefits of graphic organisers.
Ebeveynlerin Çocukluk Yaşantılarının Çocukları ile İlişkisine Etkisi
Authors: YILDIRIM Ayşegül
Published: November 2023

Ebeveynlerin çocukluk yaşantılarının çocukları ile ilişkisine etkisinin incelendiği bu araştırmada genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Konya il merkezinde 0-18 yaş aralığında çocuğu olan 357 anne oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Ebeveynleştirilmiş Çocuk Ölçeği – Yetişkin Formu, Ebeveyn-Çocuk İlişkisi Ölçeği ve Genel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre çocuğun yaş aralığı ve çocuk sayısının olumlu ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ve olumsuz ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ile; ebeveynlerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarının olumlu ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ile; annenin yaşının olumsuz ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ile; annenin eğitim durumunun olumsuz ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ile; annenin kardeş sayısının çocukluk yaşantısı, olumsuz ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi, genel ebeveynleştirme ve kardeş odaklı ebeveynleştirme ile; annenin iş durumunun olumsuz ebeveyn çocuk ilişkisi ile arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu saptanmıştır.
Understanding the Drivers Behind Neonatal Sepsis Rates among Immunized and Outpatient Neonates at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Western Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry Kampala International University Western  Campus Uganda, Denis Mpanga Derick
Published: November 2023

Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries, accounting for a significant portion of annual infant deaths. This study investigated the determinants influencing the occurrence of neonatal sepsis among infants at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital in Western Uganda. The study revealed an overall neonatal sepsis prevalence of 12.5%, with 65% and 35% of cases classified as early-onset and late-onset sepsis, respectively. Factors significantly associated with neonatal sepsis included neonatal age, maternal history of fever, dysuria, and maternal/caretaker hygiene. The study emphasizes the importance of caretaker/mother's age, maternal fever history, dysuria, and hygiene in contributing to neonatal sepsis. Prevention strategies should prioritize addressing these risk factors rather than solely focusing on post-occurrence treatment. Proactive measures are advocated to mitigate the incidence of neonatal sepsis. Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, Immunization, Childhood mortality, Maternal/caretaker’s hygiene, maternal history of fever
The Occurrence and Correlating Elements of Newborn Mortality in Jinja District, Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry Kampala International University Western  Campus Uganda, Mongo Mbito Chindoro
Published: November 2023

In Uganda, the neonatal mortality rate remains high, standing at 27 deaths per 1000 live births. However, there's a lack of comprehensive data concerning the prevalence and factors associated with neonatal mortality in Jinja district, Uganda. This study aimed to fill this gap by assessing the prevalence and identifying associated risk factors for neonatal mortality in the area. Using a pretested survey questionnaire, data from the electronic database of Jinja district on maternal and newborn interventions were collected, focusing on 245 women who had given birth within the past year, irrespective of birth outcomes. The collected data underwent analysis using SPSS version 25, employing chi-squared analysis at a significance level of p=0.05 to discern factors linked with neonatal mortality. The study revealed a neonatal mortality rate of 12.2%. Factors contributing to increased neonatal mortality included mothers with an education level below secondary, residing in rural areas, male infants, neonates aged 2-7 days, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Notably, the neonatal mortality rate observed in this study was lower than the national average. The findings suggest that employing community-based initiatives to educate and raise awareness within households about appropriate maternal and newborn care practices could significantly contribute to reducing neonatal mortality rates. Keywords: Neonatal mortality, Newborn, Preterm birth, Mothers
Understanding the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Mothers/Caretakers Regarding Complementary Feeding in Children Aged 6 Months to 2 Years Attending the Pediatrics Outpatient Department at Ishaka Adventist Hospital
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry KampalaInternational University Western  Campus Uganda, Sandrah Akankwatsa
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among mothers caring for children aged 6 months to 2 years regarding Complementary Feeding (CF). Conducted over a one-month period from October to November 2020, this descriptive cross-sectional study engaged 206 Mothers/caretakers attending Ishaka Adventist Hospital OPD for various child health concerns, including immunization and growth monitoring. Participants were selected randomly based on their arrival order at the hospital during the study period. Data collection involved researcher-administered questionnaires for illiterate participants and self-administered questionnaires for literate individuals after obtaining consent. Participants' comprehension and execution of complementary feeding practices were assessed through their responses. Data entry and analysis utilized EPI-DATA and STATA 17 software. Univariate analysis determined frequency, mean, mode, and percentage of participant responses, while bivariate analysis explored the relationship between knowledge and attitude, and between knowledge and practices among mothers/caretakers at Ishaka Adventist Hospital's pediatric OPD. Findings revealed that only 4% of participants were knowledgeable about the frequency of both Complementary Feeding (CF) and Breastfeeding (BF) for infants and the ideal diet composition. However, 63% were aware of the appropriate ages to initiate CF and stop BF, along with the consequences of delayed CF initiation. Although 85.5% commenced CF at the recommended age of six months, merely 4.3% provided adequate quantity and quality of complementary feeds to their infants. The study discovered statistically significant associations between proper/poor CF practices and respondents' age, education level, socio-economic status, and number of children in the household. Despite varied practices, participants generally exhibited positive and supportive attitudes toward CF. Keywords: Breast milk, Malnutrition, Immunization, Complementary Feeding, Babies.
Occurrence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Correlating Factors among Female Undergraduate Medical Students at Kampala International University in Western Uganda
Authors:   Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry Kampala International University Western Campus Uganda, Emmanuel Iwumbwe
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors contributing to iron deficiency anemia among undergraduate female medical students at Kampala International University Western Campus (KIU-WC). Employing a cross-sectional study design, data was collected from a sample of undergraduate female medical students at KIU-WC using a simple random sampling method. The information gathered through questionnaires was entered into Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed using Stata 12.0. Among the 384 randomly selected respondents, the study revealed an anemia prevalence of 15.89%. The socio-demographic factors significantly associated with anemia included age group (20 – 24 years vs. less than 20 years), mother’s education level (high school vs. no education), and primary expenses (social events vs. buying food). Additionally, nutritional behaviors such as frequency of meals per day (3 – 4 meals vs. 1 - 2 meals) and weekly breakfast intake (6 – 7 times vs. 0 – 1 time) were associated with anemia. Comparatively, the prevalence of undernutrition among these female medical students was relatively low compared to similar studies. Notably, age, mother’s education level, primary expenses, frequency of meals, and weekly breakfast intake emerged as significant factors associated with anemia among undergraduate female medical students at KIU-WC. Keywords: Anaemia, Women of reproductive age, Pregnant women, Female medical students, Haemoglobin.
A criança e a narrativa: a operação de referência no universo da “imaginação criadora”
Authors: Diedrich Marlete Sandra , Golembieski Gabriela , Boldori Ana Carolina
Published: November 2023

Este artigo trata das referências constituídas na narrativa de uma criança de três anos de idade durante o período de pandemia de Covid-19 e sua relação com o princípio da “imaginação criadora”. No centro da questão, encontra-se o  poder simbólico da linguagem. A proposta  tem por objetivo discutir o papel das narrativas na constituição da criança falante com enfoque na operação enunciativa de referência e sua relação com o princípio da “imaginação criadora”. O tema é tratado sob o enfoque da perspectiva aquisicional enunciativa. Os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que, por meio de narrativas, a criança pode ocupar o seu lugar de dizer, referindo mundos reais ou imaginários decorrentes de sua “imaginação criadora”.
O imaginário como mobilizador da ética da estética da/na infância: o papel do brincar e do faz-de-conta no desenvolvimento da criatividade e da autonomia
Authors: Weisheimer Fernanda , Juncklaus Preis Moraes Heloísa
Published: November 2023

A brincadeira é ferramenta fundamental de aprendizagem na infância. A partir dela as crianças experimentam os afazeres do cotidiano do ser humano na sociedade. Ou seja, no faz-de-conta que o brincar permite, ela vivencia o que vê ao seu redor, sendo recebida desta forma pelo o que já era organizado no mundo antes mesmo dela nascer. Nessa prerrogativa, este trabalho busca apresentar uma discussão acerca de como a brincadeira e o estímulo à imaginação auxiliam as crianças no desenvolvimento da criatividade e autonomia, incentivando dessa forma o brincar como uma boa ferramenta de desenvolvimento infantil e colocando o imaginário como o grande mobilizador da ética da estética da/na infância.
Narrativas da/na infância: a criança e sua potência em Walter Benjamin
Authors: Simiano Luciane Pandini , Da Silva Santos Elaine Maria , Da Silva Galdino Ana Paula
Published: November 2023

O presente texto tem como foco abordar os conceitos de criança e infância a partir da obra de Walter Benjamin. Parte-se da compreensão do conceito de criançacomo sujeito social e histórico, produtor e produzido na cultura. Busca-se sublinhar acriança enquanto potência, sujeito único, criadora de cultura, colecionadora, rastreadora, inventiva e transformadora, contribuindo, assim, para a construção de um outro olhar para a criança e a infância.O escrito, está organizado em três partes. Inicialmenteapresenta-se notas biográficas de Walter Benjamin, sublinhando a infância e a criança em sua obra. No segundo momento, propõe-se articular os conceitos de experiência e a narrativa e as possibilidades de narrar a criança e sua infânciana educação. Finaliza-se apontando considerações que buscam nos escritos do referido autor, destacara criança e sua potência, bem como as possibilidades de construir outras narrativas de ser criança, estar e viver a vida em instituições educativas.