bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencia en el rendimiento energético en edificios históricos provocado por el entorno urbano y las modificaciones de proyecto: el caso de la Casa Duclós
Authors: Bienvenido-Huertas David , Cortés Isidro
Published: January 2021

Historic buildings are a fundamental part of the tangible cultural heritage of today’s society. However, the energy saving requirements to limit climate change may present limitations with respect to the characteristics of these buildings. In the case of historical buildings from the early 20th century to the present, the bioclimatic design principles applied by architects may have been limited. In some cases, it may be due to project modifications or urban expansion. In this study, these two aspects are analyzed in a case of a historic building located in Seville: The Duclós House by José Luis Sert. This building presents modifications in the roof between the projected and the built one. Likewise, the urban environment is different from the one existing when it was built. The analysis was carried out with energy simulations using weather data from 2000 to 2019. The results show the influence that the modifications of the projected roof and the urban expansion had on the energy performance of the building with respect to the original idea of the building.
Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) estabilizados con cal y cemento. Evaluación de su impacto ambiental y su resistencia a compresión
Authors: Cabrera Santiago Pedro , Aranda-Jiménez Yolanda Guadalupe , Suárez-Domínguez Edgardo Jonathan , Rotondaro Rodolfo
Published: January 2021

This work presents the evaluation of the environmental impact and compressive strength of Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB) stabilized with hydrated aerial lime and Portland cement. For this, 12 series of blocks stabilized with different proportions of lime and cement were manufactured and the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology was used. After conducting these assays and simulations, it could be concluded that, using earth and sand typical of the city of Santa Fe (Argentina), stabilized with certain percentages of Portland cement between 5 and 10% in weight, CEB can be produced with sufficient levels of strength for them to be used in load-bearing walls, in this way minimizing the negative environmental impact associated with their manufacturing. It is also concluded that the stabilization with aerial lime does not increase the CEB’s compressive strength and, on the contrary, significantly increases their negative impact on the environment.
Comparison of Safety, Efficacy, and Cost-Effectiveness of Miconazole 2% Versus Sertaconazole 2% in the Treatment of TineaCorporis: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: NarayanaGorontla  , Kanala Somasekhar Reddy  , Raj Kamal  , Kartheek Reddy  , Thireesha Tanveer  , NeelimaGanzi
Published: January 2021

Tineacorporis is a dermatophytic infection of the body, which involves the keratin layer of the skin. These lesions are present as an annular plaque with an advancing border along with central clearing. Miconazole, a topical antifungal drug and has good efficacy, in anti dermatophyte. Sertaconazole is a highly selective inhibitor of fungal cytochrome P-450 sterol C-14 α-demethylation via the inhibition of the enzyme cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase.It is claimed to be superior to other old topical imidazoles in tineacorporis. .The present study was aimed to compare the safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness of topical antifungals, where we have compared Miconazole and Sertaconazole 2% creams in the treatment of fungal infection caused by tineacorporis, by assessing the ADR’s and therapeutic outcomes, using comparative, unicentered, randomized, non-blinded trial with 2 parallel treatment arms of one-month duration. In this study 106 patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups of Miconazole 2% cream and Sertaconazole 2% with 54 and 52 patients in each group respectively. Measurement is carried out at baseline, 1st, 2nd  and 3rd follow-up for desired effects like itching, erythema, pain and lesions, physician’s global assessment (PGA), safety and cost-effectiveness. The results showed that sertaconazole 2% cream is efficacious and superior to Miconazole 2% cream in the improvement of clinical parameters and PGA. At the end of the follow-up phase, both groups of drugs are effective and well-tolerated in patients  with  no  recurrence  of  tineacorporis.  Effectiveness  of  SSertaconazole  is  early  and  superior  with  minor  side  effects.  However, Miconazole is cost effective and safe.
Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Andrographis Echioides Leaves.
Authors: S. Gurupriya  , Dr.L. Cathrine
Published: January 2021

Plants are the crucial resources and backbone of human life on earth and another main significance of plants is their  medicinal properties. Medicinal plants provide an estimable source of lead compounds for the discovery of noble new drugs with few undesirable side effects. In this study, the Qualitative phytochemical analysis, quantitative estimation, and proximate analysis of phytochemical compounds with the importance pharmacological significance in various organic solvent extracts of Andrographis echioides leaves. Preliminary phytochemical screening analyses were determined using standard protocol methods. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of leaves extracts from Andrographis echioides was analyzed for the primary and secondary metabolites of phytochemical constituents such as sugar, protein, amino acids, Carbohydrates, alkaloid, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Glycosides, Tannins, Gum, Mucilage, phenolic compounds, Phytosterols,  Coumarin,  Emodin,  Saponin,  Oils,  and  Fats  were  screened  in  different  solvent  extracts.  Quantitative  estimation  of secondary metabolites from Andrographis echioides leaves are determined by using Standard methods and proximate analysis of fibre, protein, fat, total ash, and carbohydrate were carried out by using standard. Among the nine different extracts of Andrographis echioides, methanolic extract of the leaves showed the maximum amount of phytochemical was screened in Andrographis echioides. Quantitative estimation of leaves from Andrographis echioides contained maximum content of total phenols, flavonoids, Steroids, and Terpenoids with the minimum amount of saponins, alkaloids, and Tannin. The proximate analysis in percentage showed that Andrographis echioides leaves had the highest amount of Carbohydrates content 33.78% and Protein content 27.21%. and the lowest amount of Fibre content 10.56% Fat content 1.13% and ash content 7.32%. The presence of phytochemical compounds supports the traditional use of Andrographis echioides  as  an  alternative  treatment for  curing  certain  health  conditions.  Further  studies  should be  carried out to isolate  specific phytochemical chemical constituents and should be used in different studies to explore their Biological effects.
Investigation of Toxic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carthamus tinctorius Seeds on Spermatogenesis in Male Rats
Authors: Himanshu Gupta  , Dinesh Kumar Sharma  , Kamal Kishore Maheshwari
Published: January 2021

Carthamus tinctorius (Family: Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant and many reported for the treatment of different diseases namely hypertension, arthritis, neurological, kidney disorders, etc. The higher dose (500 mg/kg) or long-term use of herbal medicines may cause serious toxic effects. The toxicity of the medicinal plant is an important concern to the researchers, and they investigate the harmful effects of the natural products for the safety purpose. Hence, the present study was aimed to assess the toxic effects of ethanolic extract (Containing semipolar and polar phytoconstituents) of Carthamus tinctorius seeds on spermatogenesis of rats. The seeds of Carthamus tinctorius collected from Bareilly, India. The ethanolic extract was prepared from Carthamus tinctorius seeds by macerating with 70% ethanol, and extract obtained was used for further studies. The ethanolic extract of Carthamus tinctorius was administered to rats at the dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg for 45 days, and its toxic effect was determined by assessing the autopsy, body weight, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, number of pups, litter weight, serum testosterone, sperm motility and sperm count. The testis were isolated from the exploratory animals for the histopathological studies. The rats treated with the extract showed significant alteration in the autopsy, body weight, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle, number of pups, litter weight, serum testosterone, sperm motility and sperm count compared to the control group of experimental animals. The histopathological observation of extract treated rats showed variations in testis morphology, supporting the failure in spermatogenesis. The findings concluded that the Carthamus tinctorius extract has a toxic effect on the rat testicular tissues without any signs of clinical toxicity.
Evaluación de la ceniza agroindustrial de palma aceitera en suelos ácidos del Pacífico Sur, Costa Rica
Authors: Madrigal Valverde Ángel
Published: January 2021

Se evaluó el efecto del residuo industrial en la variedad Deli x Ghana en una plantación comerciales. Para esto se aplicó distintas dosis (5000 kg ha-1, 10 000 kg ha-1 y 15 000 kg ha-1) de ceniza industrial. El material se aplicó en las rodajas de las palmas con un diseño de bloques completos al azar. Se midió la concentración de nutrimentos en el suelo, desarrollo de raíz y la conductancia estomática a los 90 y 180 días después de su aplicación (dda). Se encontró que a partir de los 180 dda se generó una mayor tendencia en el aumento del pH y la disminución de la acidez intercambiable. También aumento la densidad de raíz a los 90 dda con la adición de 10 000 kg ha-1 (C10) y a los 180 dda con la aplicación de 5 000 kg ha-1 y 15 000 kg ha-1 (C5 y C15). La conductancia estomática mostró diferencia estadística significativa en los tratamientos C5, C10 y C15 en la hoja N°9 antes del mediodía. Se concluye que la adición de ceniza industrial de palma aceitera tiene un efecto positivo en la variación de la conductancia estomática y la densidad de raíces en palma aceitera.
Avaliação direta e conjunta de Sistemas de Indexação Automática por Atribuição
Authors: Silva Sâmela Rouse de Brito , Correa Renato Fernandes , Gil-Leiva Isidoro
Published: January 2021

Propõe um percurso metodológico para a avaliação direta e conjunta de sistemas de indexação automática por atribuição,bem como aplica o percurso proposto na avaliação da qualidade da indexação dos sistemas SISA (Sistema de IndizaciónSemi-Automático) e MAUI (Multi-purpose Automatic Topic Indexing) na indexação automática por atribuição de artigoscientíficos escritos em português da área da Ciência da Informação. A pesquisa é exploratória e empírica, envolvendo estudode caso e coleta de dados por meio de um experimento de indexação. O experimento constitui-se da indexação automáticados artigos científicos de um corpus de referência composto por 60 artigos de periódicos indexados intelectualmente usandoo Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação como linguagem de indexação. Conclui-se que o percurso metodológico semostrou adequado e que os sistemas apresentaram bons resultados, porém o MAUI se destacou por apresentar melhoresíndices de desempenho.

Palavras-chave: Sistemas de indexação automática. Indexação automática por atribuição. Ciência da Informação. Avaliaçãoda indexação automática. SISA.
Challenging the Constitutionality of Section 377A in Singapore: Towards a More Humanist Treatment of Homosexuality in Singapore Law
Authors: Baey Shi Baey Shi
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the tensions between the law, politics and public opinion in Singapore via a landmark 2014 ruling that upheld the constitutionality of Section 377A of the Penal Code criminalising sex between men. It argues that the ruling dealt a serious blow to the human rights project for minority groups in Singapore due to complex socio-political biases towards homosexuals and a narrow legal logic that is overly deferential to the legislature. This “tyranny of the majority” not only reinforces longstanding prejudices against the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community and deprives them of their rights, but potentially results in the graver consequence of compromising the integrity of the Singapore Constitution and the country’s democratic ideals. The paper also illustrates how the court of public opinion, split between conservative and liberal pro-humanist camps, not only keeps this issue at an impasse through opposing representations of homosexuality but also reflects an important ideological juncture that Singapore currently finds itself at as it navigates the path to modernisation and liberalisation. It urges a humanistic re-imagination of the law where the formulation and instrumentalisation of laws are constantly renegotiated and reworked to become more responsive as historical contexts and social relations between various parties beyond the State and its apparatus evolve. It also ventures that decriminalising homosexuality presents Singapore with the opportunity to define a new Asian post-colonial modernity and that the concept of “rights capital” can introduce greater equity and dignity within society.
What Constitutes a “Due” Burden on Women’s Access to Abortion: A Cultural Discourse Analysis of Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt
Authors: Xueying Gao
Published: January 2021

We can find numerous international treaties and legal documents that support women’s choice for safe and legal abortion. However, there are constant different, incompatible and even opposing discourses around abortion globally. This paper examines a 2016 legal case (Whole Women’s Health v. Hellerstedt) to explore how anti-abortion discourse in the U.S. has found its way into the legal text. I begin by addressing women’s right to abortion as a human rights issue and then I investigate how U.S. abortion law entangles with social and cultural reality in the country; I then offer a close reading of the Supreme Court’s judgement and discuss the implications of such a legal text. Public opinions on reproductive rights in the U.S. are closely related to the dynamics between religious culture and feminist activism, and political manipulation leads to divided opinions over the issue. A close reading of the case shows that the court’s constant emphasis on “right to privacy” sets the stage for the current fragility of the reproductive rights in the U.S. cultural and political context. First, it opens a gate for anti-abortion groups to burden women with moral responsibility; second, under TRAP laws it becomes difficult for the abortion providers to justify their stand. I further argue that the undue burden test, which was central to winning this case, is not a strong test for future lawsuits over abortion rights.
Editorial: COVID-19: The unexpected and disruptive event that will radically shake up and change the world as we know it
Authors: Pezzuto Ivo
Published: January 2021

The fourth issue of the Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets & Institutions journal (volume 10, issue 4) explores a number of stimulating subjects related to the future of finance, banking, and financial systems such as the impact of big banks’ digitalization and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) strategies on the sustainability of local banks’ business models and on their relationship with the territory; the factors affecting portfolio investment decisions in the emerging markets, or central banks’ mission to assure stability to the purchasing power of their currencies.
METABOLOMICS REVEALS FIVE ENDOGENOUS BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN URINE AND PLASMA TO PREDICT CYP2D6 ACTIVITY
Authors: Magliocco Gaëlle , Matthey Alain , Bararpour Nasim , Joye Timothée , Gloor Yvonne , Desmeules Jules , Thomas Aurélien , Daali Youssef
Published: January 2021

Background and Purpose: Individualized assessment of the activity of
cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), a highly variable drug-metabolizing
enzyme, is performed through phenotyping during which a probe drug is
administered to measure the enzyme’s activity. In order to avoid any
iatrogenic harm (allergic drug reaction, dosing error) related to the
probe drug, the development of non-invasive tools for real-time
phenotyping of CYP2D6 could significantly contribute to the expansion of
precision medicine in clinical practice. This study focuses on the
identification of endogenous markers of the CYP2D6 enzyme in human
biofluids using a liquid chromatography (LC)-high-resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS)-based metabolomics approach. Experimental Approach:
Data from a control session were compared to data from an inhibition
session. Before the latter, healthy volunteers (extensive and ultrarapid
metabolizers) received a daily dose of paroxetine 20 mg over seven days.
CYP2D6 genotyping and phenotyping, using single oral dose of
dextromethorphan 5 mg, were also performed in all participants. Key
Results: In CYP2D6 extensive and ultrarapid metabolizers (n = 37), mean
relative intensities of five features were significantly reduced during
the inhibition session compared to the control session (fold changes ≤
0.67, FDR-adjusted P < 0.0001). Furthermore, mean relative
intensities of these candidates were significantly higher in the CYP2D6
extensive-ultrarapid metabolizer group (n = 37) compared to the poor
metabolizer group (n = 6) (fold changes ≤ 0.67, P < 0.0001).
Conclusion and Implications: The applied untargeted metabolomics
strategy was able to identify five CYP2D6 endogenous metabolites, a
promising discovery for non-invasive phenotyping and personalised
medicine.
Existence and Uniqueness with Ulam Stability study of the solution for a class of Caputo fractional integro-differential equation with mixed conditions
Authors: Naimi ABDELLOUAHAB
Published: January 2021

In this article we show the existence, uniqueness and Ulam stability
results of the solution for a class of a nonlinear Caputo fractional
integro-differential problem with mixed conditions. we use three fixed
point theorems to proof the existence and uniqueness results. By the
results obtained, the reasons for the Ulam stability are verified. An
example proposed to illustrate our main results.
Application of two-step diffusion couple technique in high-throughput screening of optimal composition and aging temperatures for alloys design: A demonstration in binary Ni-Al system
Authors: Shang Y.-J. , Cao D.-J. , Li Q. , Yang K. , Deng C.-M. , Zhang L.-J.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, four binary Ni-13.4 at.% Al/Ni-17.7 at.% Al diffusion couples were first prepared and subjected to homogenization at 1573 K for 10,800 s, from which a continuous concentration profile formed. The three diffusion couples were then cooled down for aging at respective temperatures, i.e., 1173, 1123, and 1073 K, for 14400 s. The effect of composition and aging temperature on the aging microstructure was studied in detail by means of different experimental techniques and statistical analysis. The volume fraction, grain size, and shape factor of ?? precipitates in the three diffusion couples were plotted as a function of alloy composition and annealing temperatures. Together with the previously proposed evaluation function in which the phase fraction, grain size, and shape factor of ?? precipitates were chosen as the evaluation indicators, the optimal alloy composition and aging temperature for binary Ni-Al alloys with the best mechanical properties were evaluated, and finally validated by the measured hardness values. The successful demonstration of alloy design in the present binary Ni-Al alloys indicated that the two-step diffusion couple, together with the evaluation function for mechanic properties, should be of generality for high-throughput screening of optimal alloy composition and heat treatment process in different alloys.
The application of citric acid solutions for selective removal of zinc from steelmaking dust
Authors: Gargul K. , Handzlik P. , Palimąka P. , Pawlik A.
Published: January 2021

Steelmaking dust is one of the wastes which are produced by ironworks. This kind of waste is a byproduct produced mainly in electric arc furnace. Zinc content in dust is different and depends on the charge processed in the furnace. The basic technology used for recycling steelmaking dust is Waelz process, however, it requires a large amount of reducer and generates a lot of waste which needs to be stored. First stage in this study was to analyze if steelmaking dust was safe to be exposed to atmospheric conditions. To verify this, the dust was subjected to two kinds of standard leaching tests, TCLP and EN-12457-2. The amount of extracted elements was considerable and that was why steelmaking dust should be treated as dangerous waste. Leaching in citric acid solutions was divided in four series. The first one was set to determine the time and temperature for most selective zinc leaching. Next series optimized three leaching parameters which were: citric acid concentration, liquid to solid phase ratio (l/s), and the stirring speed. Performed experiments showed the optimal conditions for selective leaching: temperature of 50?C, leaching time of 60 minutes, citric acid concentration of 0.5 mol/dm3, l/s ratio of 10, and stirring speed of 250 rpm.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in Clinical Trials for On-Market Diabetes Drugs
Authors: Fox Bradley Q. , Benjamin Peninah F. , Aqeel Ammara , Fitts Emily , Flynn Spencer , Levine Brian , Maslak Elizaveta , Milner Rebecca L. , Ose Benjamin , Poeschla Michael , Ray Meghna , Serino Maeve , Shah Sahaj S. , Close Kelly L.
Published: January 2021

To the best of our knowledge, there are no published data on the historical and recent use of CGM in clinical trials of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of diabetes. We analyzed 2,032 clinical trials of 40 antihyperglycemic therapies currently on the market with a study start date between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2019. According to ClinicalTrials.gov, 119 (5.9%) of these trials used CGM. CGM usage in clinical trials has increased over time, rising from <5% before 2005 to 12.5% in 2019. However, it is still low given its inclusion in the American Diabetes Association’s latest guidelines and known limitations of A1C for assessing ongoing diabetes care.
Orientalische Bilder und Klänge
Authors: Bornkamm Henriette
Published: January 2021

Als sich Ende der 1920er Jahre in den USA und Europa der Tonfilm durchsetzte, erkannten ägyptische Geschäftsleute dessen Potenzial für die arabische Welt. Sie erwarben innovative Tontechnik aus Deutschland und schickten ägyptische Stipendiaten zur Ausbildung nach Berlin und Paris. Nach ihrer Rückkehr schufen diese gemeinsam mit europäischen Filmschaffenden eine Traumfabrik nach dem Vorbild Hollywoods. In diesem Umfeld entstanden die ersten ägyptischen Tonfilme, die ab Mitte der 1930er Jahre weltweit zirkulierten. Manche dieser Spielfilme gelten in Ägypten als Klassiker, während sie in den europäischen Filmgeschichtsbüchern selten Erwähnung finden. Ausgehend von diesem Missverhältnis untersucht die Autorin die Entstehung, Verwertung und Rezeption dreier ägyptischer Tonfilme der 1930er bis 1950er Jahre aus transnationaler Perspektive. Ihre historisch fundierten Analysen zeigen, dass besonders die auf Zelluloid gebannten orientalischen Klänge für europäische Ohren befremdend wirkten, während sie in Ägypten maßgeblich zum Erfolg beitrugen. Um die von einander abweichende Wahrnehmung zu beleuchten, macht die Autorin den Begriff der «Atmosphäre» für ihre transnationale Rezeptionsstudie fruchtbar. Erstmals rücken damit Filme in den Blick, die dem Goldenen Zeitalter des ägyptischen Films der 1950er Jahre den Weg bereiteten, in Europa bislang aber kaum gewürdigt wurden.
Characteristic Curves and Criterion of Critical Difference in Assessing the Informativeness of Markers of Renal Damage in Lithotripsy
Authors: Iskhakova R. S. , Gilmanov A. G.
Published: January 2021

Aim of study. Determination of the diagnostic significance of laboratory biomarkers of renal tissue damage in remote nephrolithotripsy in patients with urolithiasis.

Material and methods. On the basis of the urology department of the Republican Clinical Hospital (Ufa), 35 patients with urolithiasis were examined, who underwent remote shock wave lithotripsy sessions. The laboratory parameters were determined in patients: the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes in the blood, the level of lipocalin and microalbumin in the urine, as well as alpha2-microglobulin and cystatin C in the blood serum. The control group included 14 healthy donors. To determine the diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers of renal injury, characteristic curves were plotted, and lipocalin level shifts were interpreted taking into account the data on the critical difference criterion value.

Results. When studying the urinary level of lipocalin in patients with urolithiasis, it was found that the difference in the concentration of the biomarker in them and in healthy individuals is statistically insignificant (0.68 pg/ml versus 0.4 pg/ml). After the first session of extracorporeal lithotripsy, an increase in urinary excretion of lipocalin by 5 times is noted, after the second - by an additional 1.6 times, and after the third - by another 1.7 times (the differences are statistically significant). To analyze the prognostic efficiency of markers of renal injury, characteristic curves were plotted. The area under the ROC curve for lipocalin varied from 0.77 to 0.80 depending on the number of sessions, which indicates a high diagnostic efficiency of this biomarker. The determination of the criterion of critical difference (CCD) showed that an increase in the level of lipocalin in the urine after the first session of lithotripsy more than 2.1 times is statistically significant. The concentration of the specified biomarker in urine exceeding 4.5 pg/ml, 6 pg/ml and 10 pg/ml after the first, second and third sessions of lithotripsy, respectively, can be considered as a basis for changing treatment tactics (delaying the second procedure) or performing lithotripsy in another way.

Conclusion. Urinary lipocalin, associated with neutrophil gelatinase, is an informative biomarker of renal injury in the assessment of complications associated with the lithotripsy procedure.
Multistage Surgical Treatment of Multisystem Closed Abdominal Trauma: Standardization of the Approach
Authors: Maskin S. S. , Aleksandrov V. V. , Matyukhin V. V. , Parovatkin M. I.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The multisystem closed abdominal trauma is accompanied by a high mortality rate, and exceeding the minimum required volume of surgery in an extremely difficult patient’s condition often leads to an unfavorable outcome.

Aim of study. Standardization of staged treatment of patients with severe concomitant closed abdominal trauma.

Material and methods. This review presents the latest information obtained as a result of studying domestic and foreign literature on the issue of multistage surgical treatment of severe multisystem closed abdominal trauma. The concept of damage control, its stages are described step by step, indications for types of surgical interventions are specified. The literature data on the results of clinical application of the technique from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine are presented.

Conclusion. A clear knowledge of the required volume of surgical intervention at each stage of treatment of patients with severe concomitant closed abdominal trauma, the main points of intensive care, the criteria for patient stabilization and indications for relaparotomy improve the treatment results for this category of victims.
The Method of Da’wah of Jama’ah Mastūrah in Increasing Religious Awareness of Women in Aceh Besar
Authors: Wirman Wirman , Fauziah Mira
Published: January 2021

Jama’ah Mastūrah refers to a congregation of women division of Jama’ah Tabligh. As is the case of the male counterpart, Jama’ah Mastūrah also takes part in Islamic missionary activities. However, this group does not carry out da’wah in an open space or in front of the congregation. This study aimed to analyze the method of da’wah carried out by Jama’ah Mastūrah in raising women religious awareness in Aceh Besar. The study used qualitative approach and the descriptive analysis method. Data were collected by interview and documentation study. The results showed that the da’wah method carried out by Jama'ah Masṭurah was the method of da’wah bi al-lisān,  bi al-kitābah and bi al-hāl. The bi al-lisān method is carried out by inviting the surrounding community to invite people to pray, wear a headscarf, recite the Qur'an and attend ta'lim activities in their homes. The bi al-kitābah is a method of da’wah by means of written materials, such as books, billboards, banners, bulletin boards,  or pamphlets, containing messages of da’wah to mad’ū. The bi al-hāl method is carried out by showing noble morals, maintaining the limits of the genitals and avoiding meeting with men who are not mahram.
Morfofunkcional'nye osobennosti soedinitel'notkannogo rubca na kozhe u povtornorodyashchih zhenshchin posle operativnogo rodorazresheniya
Authors: Мишина Е. С. , Затолокина М. А. , Мнихович М. В. , Харченко В. В.
Published: January 2021

Narushenie celostnosti kozhnogo pokrova pod dejstviem razlichnyh faktorov neizbezhno privodit k obrazovaniyu soedinitel'notkannogo rubca. Pod vozdejstviem dinamicheskih faktorov (rastyazhenie, davlenie, povtorno provedennye operacii) rubec podvergaetsya deformacii, vsledstvie chego vozmozhna dezorganizaciya ego strukturnyh komponentov i posleduyushchaya ego nesostoyatel'nost'. Naibolee chastoj problemoj takogo plana yavlyaetsya nesostoyatel'nost' rubcov u povtornorodyashchih zhenshchin, v anamneze kotoryh imeetsya hirurgicheskoe rodorazreshenie putem kesareva secheniya. V literature predstavleny rezul'taty kompleksnogo izucheniya rubcov na matke posle operacii kesareva secheniya, v to vremya kak morfologicheskoe issledovanie kozhnogo rubca u etih zhe beremennyh ne provodilos'. Cel'yu raboty bylo izuchit' morfofunkcional'nye osobennosti soedinitel'notkannogo rubca na kozhe u povtornorodyashchih zhenshchin posle operativnogo rodorazresheniya. Issledovali fragment kozhnogo rubca u 30 zhenshchin posle kesareva secheniya. U zhenshchin v odnoj vozrastnoj gruppe utolshchenie volokon bylo pryamoproporcional'no chislu rodov. Pri sravnenii raznyh vozrastnyh grupp s odinakovym chislom rodov nablyudali istonchenie kollagenovyh volokon, a takzhe uvelichenie plotnosti volokon kollagena 3-go tipa. Naibolee vyrazhennye izmeneniya vyyavleny u zhenshchin s tremya i bolee rodorazresheniyami. Mozhno predpolozhit', chto pod vliyaniem kratnosti rastyazhenij kozhi proiskhodit strukturnaya perestrojka soedinitel'notkannogo rubca v vide istoncheniya i dezorganizacii voloknistyh struktur, chto mozhet kosvenno govorit' o nesostoyatel'nosti posleoperacionnogo rubca.
Tracing the Labor Absorption Rate in the Medium and Large Industrial Sectors
Authors: Aisyah Sitti , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: January 2021

The high rate of population growth and the workforce raises the problem of job opportunities, because it involves various aspects both economic and non-economic. At the same time as massive industrialization, it is not automatically able to create adequate work. This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of the number of business units, the provincial minimum wage, and economic growth on the rate of labor absorption in the medium and large industrial sectors in South Sulawesi in the period 2010-2019. This research is expected to be one of the benchmarks for the government and private sector in paying attention to the absorption rate of labor in the industrial sector in South Sulawesi. The type of research used in this research is quantitative. The type of data used in this study is secondary data. The data used in this study are time series data in the years 2010-2019. The results of this study indicate that (1) the number of business units has a positive and significant effect on the rate of employment in the industrial sector in the province of South Sulawesi, (2) the provincial minimum wage has a negative and significant effect on the rate of employment in the medium and large industrial sector in South Sulawesi, (3) economic growth has a significant effect in a negative direction on employment in the medium and large industrial sectors in South Sulawesi. The government should design an industrialization policy direction that should be more inclusive, the incoming investment should be based on empowering local workers, reducing unemployment, creating more expansive employment opportunities and synergizing local economic development.Keywords: Economic Growth; Industry; Labor; Wages.
Safety and efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma for the sterilization of a Pasteurella multocida–contaminated subcutaneously implanted foreign body in rabbits
Authors: Avellar Haileigh K. , Williams Megan R. , Brandão João , Narayanan Sai , Ramachandran Akhilesh , Holbrook Todd C. , Schoonover Mike J. , Bailey Keith L. , Payton Mark E. , Pai Kedar Kamlakant , Timmons Chris T.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether a stainless steel implant sterilized with a novel cold atmospheric plasma sterilization (CAPS) device adversely affects local tissues in rabbits and whether CAPS was as effective as steam sterilization with an autoclave to inactivate Pasteurella multocida.

ANIMALS

31 healthy New Zealand White rabbits.

PROCEDURES

Steam-autoclaved stainless steel implants inoculated with P multocida underwent a second steam autoclave sterilization (AIA) or CAPS (AICAPS). One AIA implant and 3 AICAPS implants were randomly placed subcutaneously at 4 sites in 21 rabbits (84 implants). These rabbits were monitored daily for 5 days for evidence of systemic illness and local tissue reactions at the implantation sites and then euthanized. Samples were taken from each implant site for bacterial culture and histologic examination.

RESULTS

Cultures of samples obtained from all sites were negative for bacterial growth. No significant difference was observed in mean skin thickness or erythema between AIA and AICAPS implant sites on any observed day. Also, individual histologic grades for the epidermis, dermis, subcutis, and muscle and total histologic grade were not significantly different between AIA and AICAPS implant sites.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Cold atmospheric plasma sterilization was noninferior to steam sterilization of P multocida–contaminated stainless steel implants in the rabbits in the present study. However, studies of the efficacy of CAPS for inactivation of other important bacteria are needed.
Ex vivo effects of corticosteroids on equine deep digital flexor and navicular fibrocartilage explant cell viability
Authors: Sullivan Stasia N. , Cole Sara L. , Stewart Matthew C. , Brokken Matthew T. , Durgam Sushmitha
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and methylpredniso-lone acetate (MPA) on the viability of resident cells within the fibrocartilage on the dorsal surface of the deep digital flexor tendon (FC-DDFT) and fibrocartilage on the flexor surface of the navicular bone (FC-NB) of horses.

SAMPLE

12 to 14 explants of FC-DDFT and of FC-NB from grossly normal forelimbs of 5 cadavers of horses aged 9 to 15 years without evidence of musculo-skeletal disease.

PROCEDURES

Explants were incubated with culture medium (control) or TA-supplemented (0.6 or 6 mg/mL) or MPA-supplemented (0.5 or 5 mg/mL) medium for 6 or 24 hours. Explant metabolic activity and percentage of dead cells were assessed with a resazurin-based assay and live-dead cell staining, respectively, at each time point. Drug effects were assessed relative to findings for the respective control group.

RESULTS

Application of TA (at both concentrations) did not significantly change the cell viability of FC-DDFT explants. For FC-NB explants, TA at 6 mg/mL significantly reduced the metabolic activity and increased the percentage of dead cells at both time points. With either MPA concentration, FC-DDFT and FC-NB explants had reduced metabolic activity and an increased percentage of dead cells at 24 hours, whereas only MPA at 5 mg/mL was cytotoxic at the 6-hour time point.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

In ex vivo explants, TA was less cytotoxic to equine FC-DDFT and FC-NB cells, compared with MPA. Further work is warranted to characterize the drugs' transcriptional and translational effects as well as investigate their cytotoxicity at lower concentrations.
Investigation of the effects of orally administered trazodone on intraocular pressure, pupil diameter, physical examination variables, and sedation level in healthy equids
Authors: Moss Alexandra L. , Hritz Rachel L. , Hector Rachel C. , Wotman Kathryn L.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of orally administered trazodone on intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil diameter measured in the vertical plane (ie, vertical pupil diameter [VPD]), selected physical examination variables, and sedation level in healthy equids.

ANIMALS

7 horses and 1 pony.

PROCEDURES

Food was withheld for 12 hours prior to drug administration. After baseline (time 0) sedation scoring, physical examination, and measurement of IOP and VPD, equids received 1 dose (approx 6 mg/kg) of trazodone orally. Examination and measurement procedures were repeated 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration. Blood samples were collected at each time point for analysis of plasma trazodone concentrations. Repeated-measures analysis was used to compare examination results between downstream time points and baseline.

RESULTS

7 of 8 equids had mild sedation from 0.5 to 8 hours after treatment; compared with baseline values, mean IOP was significantly lower from 0.5 hours to 8 hours, mean VPD was significantly smaller at 0.5 hours, and mean rectal temperature was significantly lower from 1 to 8 hours after drug administration. Adverse effects (signs of excitement in 1 equid and sweating in 4) were self-limiting and considered minor. Mean maximum plasma concentration of trazodone was 1,493 ng/mL 0.75 hours after administration, and terminal half-life of the drug was 9.96 hours.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The described oral dose of trazadone elicited sedation with a few self-limiting adverse effects in the study sample. Drug effects on IOP and VPD may alter ocular examination findings. Further investigation is warranted prior to use of trazodone for sedation in equids, particularly those with ophthalmic conditions.
Time required to achieve maximum amikacin concentration in the synovial fluid of the tarsocrural joint following administration of the drug by intravenous regional limb perfusion in horses
Authors: Kilcoyne Isabelle , Nieto Jorge E. , Galuppo Larry D. , Dechant Julie E.
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the median time to maximum concentration (tmax) of amikacin in the synovial fluid of the tarsocrural joint following IV regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) of the drug in a saphenous vein of horses.

ANIMALS

7 healthy adult horses.

PROCEDURES

With each horse sedated and restrained in a standing position, a 10-cm-wide Esmarch tourniquet was applied to a randomly selected hind limb 10 cm proximal to the point of the tarsus. Amikacin sulfate (2 g diluted with saline [0.9% NaCl] solution to a volume of 60 mL) was instilled in the saphenous vein over 3 minutes with a peristaltic pump. Tarsocrural synovial fluid samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after completion of IVRLP. The tourniquet was removed after collection of the last sample. Amikacin concentration was quantified by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Median maximum amikacin concentration and tmax were determined.

RESULTS

1 horse was excluded from analysis because an insufficient volume of synovial fluid for evaluation was obtained at multiple times. The median maximum synovial fluid amikacin concentration was 450.5 μg/mL (range, 304.7 to 930.7 μg/mL), and median tmax was 25 minutes (range, 20 to 30 minutes). All horses had synovial fluid amikacin concentrations ≥ 160 μg/mL (therapeutic concentration for common equine pathogens) at 20 minutes after IVRLP.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that, in healthy horses, maintaining the tourniquet for 20 minutes after IVRLP of amikacin in a saphenous vein was sufficient to achieve therapeutic concentrations of amikacin in the tarsocrural joint.
Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia-two independent disorders or one clinical entity within a clinical spectrum of synucleinopathies?
Authors: Papuć Ewa
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Introduction: Both dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) are important dementia syndromes that overlap in their clinical features and clinical course, neuropathological abnormalities, and also therapeutic approach. Nevertheless it is still unclear whether DLB and PDD are two different disorders that require differentiation or are one clinical entity within a spectrum of Lewy body disease. Currently these disorders are mainly distinguished on the basis of the relative timing of the onset of symptoms of dementia and parkinsonism. The present paper presents current concepts on the pathogenesis of both disorders and their possible overlap.

Material and methods: Online databases in the field of DLB and PDD were searched for to find potentially eligible articles. Only most recent articles published after the year 2000 were chosen.

Results: The clinical features of DLB and PDD are similar and include dementia with hallucinations and cognitive fluctuations, as well as parkinsonian signs. Also cognitive deficits are similar in PDD and in DLB, with predominance of executive dysfunction, visual-spatial deficits and memory impairment. Neuropathological changes in both disorders involve the presence of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites within brainstem, limbic and neocortex, as well as loss of midbrain dopamine cells, and loss of cholinergic neurons in the nuclei of ventral forebrain.

Conclusions: Similarities in clinical manifestation, neuropsychological deficits and neuropathological abnormalities may suggest that both DLB and PDD are two different phenotypes of the same disorder. This review article presents current knowledge on similarities and differences between these two clinical entities and raises the question whether they require differentiation or not.
Optimized Schwarz methods with general Ventcell transmission conditions for fully anisotropic diffusion with discrete duality finite volume discretizations
Authors: Gander Martin J. , Halpern Laurence , Hubert Florence , Krell Stella
Published: January 2021

We introduce a new non-overlapping optimized Schwarz method for fully anisotropic diffusion problems. Optimized Schwarz methods take into account the underlying physical properties of the problem at hand in the transmission conditions, and are thus ideally suited for solving anisotropic diffusion problems. We first study the new method at the continuous level for two subdomains, prove its convergence for general transmission conditions of Ventcell type using energy estimates, and also derive convergence factors to determine the optimal choice of parameters in the transmission conditions. We then derive optimized Robin and Ventcell parameters at the continuous level for fully anisotropic diffusion, both for the case of unbounded and bounded domains. We next present a discretization of the algorithm using discrete duality finite volumes, which are ideally suited for fully anisotropic diffusion on very general meshes. We prove a new convergence result for the discretized optimized Schwarz method with two subdomains using energy estimates for general Ventcell transmission conditions. We finally study the convergence of the new optimized Schwarz method numerically using parameters obtained from the continuous analysis. We find that the predicted optimized parameters work very well in practice, and that for certain anisotropies which we characterize, our new bounded domain analysis is important.
Nanocrystallization and phase formation in Fe73:5Nb3Cu1Si15:5B7 amorphous ribbon under laser heating
Authors: Nykyruy Yulia S. , Mudry Stepan I. , Kulyk Yuriy O. , Lapinski Marcin
Published: January 2021

Laser-induced local crystallization in Finemet-type alloy was studied using X-ray diffraction, SEM and EDX methods. For investigated conditions of irradiation (wavelength λ = 1.06 μm, laser power density 50 W/cm2), it was found that primary crystallization starts with the formation of the nanocrystalline α-Fe(Si) solid solution at shorter exposure time and the second step crystallization with the nanocrystalline hexagonal H-phase formation occurs in longer exposure time. Changes in the local element concentration were observed at the surface of the irradiated zone and at the ribbon fracture. It was shown that the nonlinear temperature field due to the laser irradiation resulted in changes of the local elements concentration and this feature changed crystallization mechanism of the Finemet-type alloy.
New Approach of Costs of Quality According their Trend of During Long Period in Industrial Enterprises in SMEs
Authors: Teplická Katarína , Hurná Soňa
Published: January 2021

Very important in SMEs is to monitor cost of quality and economic indicators for valuation of cost effectiveness. The main goal of this article is to create classification on cost quality categories in SMEs and to analyze economic quality indicators and their trend during long period. In this article authors use economical and statistical indicators for costs of quality. We use common model PAF, that include prevention costs, evaluation costs, internal failure costs, external failure costs. Total costs, individual simple cost index, cost ratio and cost structure were used. We analyzed data from 50 small enterprises with 10-40 employees with their yearly turnover max 3 mil €. The research sample of enterprises was focused on industrial areas of business such as engineering, metallurgy, automotive industry. We analyzed the quality costs in SMEs by the average value of quality cost in all surveyed enterprises. Results of this research brought labeling of cost of quality in SMEs by model the PAF for 10 categories for various enterprises, what is very important for comparing of results of QMS in SMEs. Based on the reference indicators of the total costs of quality in SMEs we can conclude their drop. Reducing the costs of quality was reflected in particular in reducing the costs of internal and external errors. In assessing the economic efficiency in SMEs plays an important role the overall cost that were increasing in reporting period. Very important result is that the cost of quality did not influenced overall cost. This fact is positive for competitiveness in SMEs because it shows a quality of production and product. Reducing of cost of quality brought improving of product quality; reduced customer’s complaints brought financial savings. The economic efficiency indicator shows a value above e > 1. It means that, despite rising cost enterprises generate revenues that are significantly higher than the input factors of production. Cost effectiveness helps to improve TQM performance.