bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redes de cooperação empresarial: ganhos competitivos - um estudo de caso do projeto empreender, do núcleo setorial de móveis e serralherias da cidade de gurupi, estado do Tocantins
Authors: Pegoraro Fábio , Da Silva Solange , Gomes Samara Tatielle Monteiro , Borges Jaqueline Cibene Moreira , De Sousa Sara Falcão , De Melo Márllos Peres , Rank Rise Consolação Iuata Costa , Poletto Karine Queiroz
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta os ganhos competitivos e os benefícios que as empresas obtém ao participarem de uma rede de cooperação empresarial RCE), a partir de um estudo de caso. Trata-se do Projeto Empreender, do núcleo setorial de móveis e serrralherias, implantando em Gurupi - TO, coordenado pelo Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio as Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE) e a Federação das Associações Comerciais e Industriais do Estado do Tocantins (FACIET). De forma mais especifica, aborda os ganhos competitivos de aprendizagem coletiva e inovação colaborativa, conforme classificação de Balestrini e Verschoore (2008), por serem estreitamente ligados à nova economia e aos conceitos de vantagem competitiva. Pode-se destacar como ganhos competitivos das empresas participantes dessa RCE o aumento do poder de barganha com relação a fornecedores e melhora da imagem das empresas e serviços perante seus consumidores. Além disso, o Projeto está contribuindo de forma significativa para ganhos econômicos e sociais da região. Na medida em que as empresas se organizaram em forma de RCE, superaram dificuldades impostas pelo mercado, o que resultou em aumento do conhecimento dos empreendedores sobre gestão empresarial, envolvendo as compras de matéria-prima em conjunto, planejamento estratégico do setor e da empresa individual, aplicação de conceitos a cerca de formação de preço de venda e administração financeira, comercialização e mercado, busca de parcerias e formas de colaboração entre empresas da cadeia produtiva, e, principalmente nas inovações do setor, pautado no sistema de inovação colaborativa, onde os parceiros buscam inovar e difundir a inovação entre os participantes da rede.
Aplicação dos cinco passos da melhoria contínua da teoria das restrições em uma indústria de cal
Authors: Pegoraro Fábio , Da Silva Solange , Gomes Samara Tatielle Monteiro , Borges Jaqueline Cibene Moreira , De Sousa Sara Falcão , De Melo Márllos Peres , Rank Rise Consolação Iuata Costa , Poletto Karine Queiroz
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta a aplicação dos cinco passos da melhoria contínua da Teoria das Restrições (TOC) no processo produtivo de uma indústria de cal da região sul do Estado do Tocantins frente ao aumento da demanda por cal da indústria a paartir de um estudo de caso. É identificado no sistema de produção da empresa estudada que o forno onde a pedra dolomita, única matéria-prima para produção de cal é assada e os silos onde a pedra que depois de assada e moída por um britador é depositada com água e fica descansando durante 48 horas para virar uma espécie de massa, são as restrições do sistema, ambos, com a capacidade produtiva de 2,91 toneladas por hora. Quando as duas restrições são exploradas, identifica-se que a empresa possui recursos suficientes para aumentar a capacidade de produção dos silos de 2,91 toneladas por hora para 5,82 toneladas por hora, sendo que o forno, agora é a única restrição do sistema de produção da empresa. Nota-se que mesmo a empresa explorando ao máximo suas restrições, sua capacidade de produção ainda está subordinada à restrição do forno. A empresa só irá conseguir elevar sua capacidade de produção e atender o aumento da demanda, com a aquisição de mais um forno.
Comparative Evaluation of Levobupivacaine with Fentanyl Versus Bupivacaine with Fentanyl for Postoperative Epidural Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Gynae-Oncological Surgeries: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Shobha MM , Arathi BH , Ranganath Namrata , Srihari SS , Gowda VB
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Epidural analgesia is one of the preferred mode of perioperative management. Neuraxial opioids like fentanyl when used in epidural offer advantage of augmenting local anaesthetic effect and reducing the anaesthetic and analgesic requirement. Aim: To compare the adequacy of analgesia, requirement of rescue analgesics between 0.125% bupivacaine with 2 mcg/cc fentanyl and 0.125% levobupivacaine with 2 mcg/cc fentanyl. Materials And Methods: The randomised clinical study was carried out from September 2016 to May 2017 in 70 patients (35 in each group) of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) 1 and 2 scheduled for elective gynae-oncological surgeries. The epidural analgesia in group Bupivacaine with Fentanyl (BF) was 0.125% Bupivacaine with 2 mcg/cc Fentanyl and group Levobupivacaine with Fentanyl (LF) was 0.125% Levobupivacaine with 2 mcg/cc fentanyl. All data was statistically analysed and compared using Student t-test, Chisquare/Fisher-Exact test. Results: Total of 70 patients were analysed, 35 each in Group BF (mean age: 50.06±7.19 years) and Group LF (mean age: 46.43±8.41 years). Both the groups were compatible with regard to demographic data and haemodynamic variables. The mean Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was higher in group BF compared to group LF at 0,1,4,6,1,2 and 18 hours but the observed difference in both the groups was not statistically significant except at 2nd (p-value: 0.016) and 24th hour (p-value 0.017). Number of rescue analgesics as epidural boluses (p-value=0.001) and paracetamol (p-value=0.044) requirement were more in group BF compared to group LF respectively. Conclusion: On account of adequate postoperative analgesia, haemodynamic stability, levobupivacaine with fentanyl is a better option than bupivacaine with fentanyl for epidural infusion.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (Kap) on Covid-19 of Students of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Kisangani
Authors: Yakusu Issa , Bikenge Baroani , Kitronza Panda , Bassandja Ossinga , Kadima Mfuamba , Nono Longombe Ahuka , N’Sila Mankulu , Agasa Batina
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of students of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Kisangani.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken among students of the Faculty of Pharmacy. KAPs on Covid-19 were assessed using a survey questionnaire.

Results: Male students were predominant (50.8%). The majority of respondents were under or equal to 25 years old. The majority had sufficient knowledge (97.4%) provided mainly by television and radio. 63 respondents or 33.3% of cases did not know if the disease exists in Kisangani; and 88.9% had good practices regarding Covid-19.

Conclusion: These results showed that most students have a good knowledge of Covid-19; they presented good practices as well as good attitudes.
Influence of 2,4-dichloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid on Seeds Germination and Early Growth of Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora Swarz) DC Seedlings
Authors: Suliman Eltayeb Ahmed Hamad , Elhewairis Sayda Omer , Elamin Salah Atom
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acidic acid (2,4-D) on seed germination and the early growth of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) seedlings. The three sizes of mesquite at the flowering stage (small, medium, and large) were treated with 2,4-D at different rates (0, 6×103, 12×103, 18×103 and 24×103 mg a.i. / L) dissolved in two solvents (diesel or water), the application method basal bark treatment was used in the two different seasons. The results showed that: the three factors (2,4-D rates, tree sizes, and solvent types) significantly decreased germination percentage with the increase of 2,4-D rate dissolved in diesel with all sizes of trees, while the emergence percentage, radical length, and shoot height were significantly decreased as 2,4-D rate increase dissolved in diesel or water. In the winter season, the root length of seedlings raised from seeds collected from the three tree sizes treated with 2,4-D dissolved in water was significantly decreased as a 2,4-D rate increased, while in the rainy season, the root length was affected with 2,4-D dissolved in diesel. In addition, the effect of 2,4-D rates and solvent types was evaluated for all parameters, the results found that: 2,4-D dissolved in diesel significantly decreased germination percent than the corresponding rates dissolved in water. Emergence percentage and shoot height and radical length were significantly decreased with 2,4-D dissolved in diesel or water compared to their control. In the winter season, the root length is affected by 2,4-D dissolved in water, while in the rainy season affected by 2,4-D dissolved in diesel.
Assessment of Various Uniformity Aspects under Surface Drip Irrigation System in Tomato
Authors: Champaneri D. D. , Desai K. D. , Ahlawat T. R. , Shrivastava P. K.
Published: March 2023

Background: Water in any form is the prime constitute of plant growth and development. Right amount of water applied at right time and in right quantity to any crop will helpful to get maximum yield potential of that crop. This is possible with surface drip irrigation method. Uniform application of water through emitters is the necessary aspect to avail benefits like higher water use efficiency of surface drip irrigation. Uniformity of surface drip irrigation system can be measured by various uniformity aspects viz., coefficient of variation (CV), distribution uniformity (DU), statistical uniformity (SU) and coefficient of uniformity (CU). Factors like land levelling, maintenance of drip lines, pressure management etc. plays a vital role in conserving the uniformity of outflow of emitters.

Methodology: In this trial, all these uniformity aspects were measured using catch cane method at initial stage of drip irrigation system installation and on the basis of these dataset several improvements were made for better uniformity of emitter outflow at later planting stage.

Results: Coefficient of uniformity (CU) of surface drip irrigation system was recorded 96.89% at initial stage and later on it was improved to 97.02% during the first experimental year whereas in second year it was noted 95.58% at initial stage and was improved to 96.80% at later stage.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on the Use of Asthma Action Plans among Adult Asthmatic Patients Aged 18-65 in Nyamira, Kenya
Authors: Obara Thomas L. , Muhonja Faith , Simba Justus , Maureen Koech J.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Globally the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that up to 334 million people suffer from asthma. In Kenya it is estimated that about 10% of the Kenyan population, or 4 million people, have asthma.

Aim: The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of patients 18-65 on the use of personized asthma action plans in Nyamira County.

Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was employed in this research. Participants were selected using systematic sampling. Significant differences in categorical variables were found using the Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: The study sample size was 220 asthma patients. The majority of responders 72.7% were unaware of PAAPs. Concerning attitude, most of participants had a negative attitude about the use of PAAPs, believing that they should only be used by the extremely ill 63.6%. Poor practices were seen among the patients who had access to these tools, with 39.0% checking them at home and 61.0% never checking them at all. Statistically there were significant association between the various patients’ factors influencing use of asthma action plans among adult asthmatic patients with a p = 0. 021.

Conclusion: The majority of the patients 76.4% who participated in this research did not use the personalized asthma action plan cards. Additionally, the majority of participants reported poor practices on PAAPs, low levels of awareness, and negative attitudes. To combat the low-level knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practices among asthma patients, the ministry of health should raise awareness about the use of PAAPs.
Reservoir Characterization Review in Sedimentary Basins
Authors: Ibekwe Kelechi N. , Oguadinma Vivian O. , Okoro Victory K. , Aniwetalu Emmanuel , Lanisa Ademola , Ahaneku Chibuzo V.
Published: March 2023

Evaluating the subsurface characteristics of reservoirs is an important part of gas storage, hydrocarbon exploration, and production in sedimentary basins. This process combines geological, geophysical, and engineering data to understand the subsurface geology, and fluid distribution, determine reserves and predict the fluid movement in the reservoir. And in the case of empty reservoir, the storage capacity, sealing strength is analysed. The primary goal of reservoir characterization is to create a precise and dependable reservoir model to maximize the production procedure and reduce the associated risks of hydrocarbon exploration and production. This review examines different approaches used for reservoir characterization in sedimentary basins, including geological, geophysical, and engineering methods. Each method's advantages and disadvantages are discussed, alongside their uses in different reservoir contexts. The importance of combining multiple lines of evidence to enhance the accuracy of the reservoir models is also examined.
An Account of a Find of Ornaments of the Viking Time for Valtos, Uig, in the Island of Lewis. With a Detailed Description of the Objects and a Note upon the Find
Authors: Macleod D , Gibson W , Curle James
Published: March 2023

The objects were found along with human bones by school children in a small sand mound. They comprised a pair of single-scaled brass oval brooches, eleven links of a brass chain, probably the connecting chain of the oval brooches, a circular ornament of bronze, a bronze strap, a penannular brooch of bronze of Celtic type, a buckle and belt-mounting of bronze, a fusiform bead of amber, a possible iron knife and portions of an iron socketed spearhead. The find is unusual as it combines Celtic and Scandinavian influences.
The Exploration of the Site known as the Kirk Stones of Stroupster, in the Parish of Wick, County of Caithness
Authors: Nicolson John
Published: March 2023

Four rectangular stone structures are surrounded by a roughly circular stone wall. The structures have passageways leading into them and internal features including hearths and possible benches or beds. A few small fragments of wheel-thrown pottery and limpet shells were found.
Account of Excavartions on Traprain Law in the Parish of Prestonkirk, County of Haddington, in 1915. With Description of the Animal Remains
Authors: Curle Alexander , Cree James , Ritchie James
Published: March 2023

The area enclosed within the main line of fortification amounts to about 32 acres and over at least a considerable portion of the hill there were four distinct periods of inhabitation during the Iron Age. It is suggested that the presence of a few Neolithic and Bronze Age artefacts but no pottery precludes occupation in those periods. The earliest Iron Age phase appears to to be the longest period of occupation. Finds include coins and large quantities of Roman pottery although a military presence is considered unlikely as the great majority of other artefacts are native in origin and there is no regular arrangement of buildings.
The Prehistoric and Early Use of Pitchstone and Obsidian
Authors: Mann Ludovic McLellan , Scott A , Petrie W M Flinders
Published: March 2023

The volcanic glass of Scotland and Ireland is called pitchstone, and the often more solid and homogeneous natural glass found in foreign places is known as obsidian. The pitchstone of Ireland and of Scotland, except that of the Island of Arran, is apparently too much cracked into small pieces to be of use. Pitchstone is rare in Scotland, and the Island of Arran possesses most of the outcrops. Pitchstone when splintered presents razor-like edges nearly as useful as those on flint flakes for scraping, cutting, boring, and piercing. It is more brittle than flint, and does not allow of the same delicate secondary workmanship as, for example, is entailed in the cutting out of barbs on arrowheads. No worked pitchstone seems to have been recorded from Britain outside of Arran, Bute, Ayrshire, and Wigtownshire, and the only source\r\nof supply of the raw material seems to have been Arran. No prehistoric British or Irish pitchstone drippings or anciently-worked pieces are apparently to be found in English or Irish collections. There is no clear evidence as to pitchstone chippings or implements having yet been discovered in Ireland. The use of pitchstone spans the Neolithic and Bronze Age with sporadic early Iron Age examples in Scotland. The Greek island of Melos has abundant sources of obsidian while pre-dynastic artefacts are known from Egypt.
Roman Coins found in Scotland
Authors: MacDonald George
Published: March 2023

A detailed inventory of all the discoveries in Scotland is presented. The first phase of Roman occupation which opened in 80 A.D., did not come to an end with Agricola's own recall in 84. It lasted up to and beyond the accession of Trajan in 98 A.D., possibly even until after that emperor's death in 117. During this period, however, the Forth and Clyde isthmus was garrisoned only for a short time, the Roman hold over the country being maintained by a longitudinal line or lines of forts stretching north to Inchtuthil. Everything that has come to light since 1899 has gone to confirm the soundness of the inference then drawn by Professor Haverfield as to the duration of the period whose beginning is associated\r\nwith the erection of the Forth and Clyde Wall about 142 A.D. It is clear that southern Scotland was abandoned by the Romans early in the reign of Commodus'”that is, soon after 180. When Severus invaded the country in 207 A.D., he transported his\r\ntroops by sea, making his headquarters at Cramond. His expedition was mainly directed against the tribes that occupied what are now the counties of Fife, Forfar, Kincardine, and Aberdeen. Its influence was transitory, and can hardly have\r\nlasted much beyond 211, when the emperor died on the eve of a' second campaign.
Note on a Cloth of Estate traditionally said to have been worked by Mary Queen of Scots and her Ladies when in England
Authors: Stewart W Balfour
Published: March 2023

This cloth of estate, which is traditionally said to have been worked by Mary Queen of Scots and her ladies, is the property of Miss Power, who succeeded to it through her ancestors the Jermyns of Rushbrooke Hall, Suffolk. The cloth has been in possession of the Jermyn family for several generations, but how they became possessed of it is not known, nor is there any history of it prior to that time. It has unfortunately been 'restored'. In the inventory of the effects of Mary of Guise handed over to her daughter, Mary Queen of Scots, in November 1561, there is a description of a cloth of estate which is very similar.
Excavation of the Forts of Castlehill, Aitnock, and Coalhill, Ayrshire
Authors: Smith John
Published: March 2023

Castlehill Fort was unknown prior to excavation. It is located on a summit of isolated rock surrounded by a stone wall. Traces of a probable building were found inside and artefacts included Samian, iron objects, shale, glass and bronze. Altnock Fort was on the summit of a cliff and was defended by a deep ditch and a stone wall. Artefacts included glass, pottery, bone, worked stone and coins. Coalhill Fort, on the ridge of a small hill had double ditches cut into the rock and a stone wall. The only artefacts were of worked stone.
The Seven Seals of Lanark
Authors: Reid Thomas
Published: March 2023

The ancient and royal burgh of Lanark in the course of its municipal existence, commencing with the reign of David I, has employed seven different seals. The earliest one extant belongs to the fourteenth century; the second and third have been 'assigned respectively to the fifteenth and sixteenth; the fourth to the seventeenth; both fifth and sixth to the eighteenth; whilst the last is the one now in current use. Each of the seals in described in detail.
Further Notes on Ancient Wooden Traps – the so-called Otter and Beaver Traps
Authors: Munro Robert , Gillespie Patrick
Published: March 2023

At the present time the recorded number of these traps amounts to forty-one, and their geographical distribution embraces Carniola, Lombardy, Germany (several localities), Denmark, Wales, and Ireland (three localities). They have been ascribed a variety of functions including musical instruments and models of boats. A stone monument at Clonmacnois, Ireland, shows a stag, apparently trapped in some kind of wooden structure which could be one of the so-called otter or beaver traps.
The Cairns in Cromar, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Ogston Alexander
Published: March 2023

A total of 1947 have been counted in Cromar and it is likely that many more have been overlooked in the extensive tracts of broom and heather. Three distinct types are classified as small, large, and giant cairns. The small cairns are mostly circular in shape, with diameters varying from 10 feet upwards, and are all bun-shaped, with a height of from 1 to 2 feet. It is not uncommon to find three, four, or five of them so placed as to be in a straight line with one another, suggesting that they were intentionally thus arranged. The cairns which we distinguish as large are also circular in shape, are about 4 or 5 feet in height and have a diameter of some 40 feet. They are generally flattened on the top and are never grouped together. The giant cairns form a separate class and have their special\r\npeculiarities. Their diameters are very large, from, say, 70 to 100 feet; the height is also greater, being from 10 to 12 feet; their form is that of a pointed cone, not truncated like the large cairns.
The Hartlepool Tombstones, and the Relations between Celtic and Teutonic Art in the Early Christian Period
Authors: Baldwin Brown G
Published: March 2023

A series of small stone monuments found for the most part at Hartlepool in Durham, and commonly known as the Hartlepool Tombstones strongly resemble certain monuments of similar character in Ireland. They are Northumbrian in date and location, although at the time they were made Northumbria included eastern Scotland up to the Forth. A group of nine stones were found at different times in the first half of the 19th century during the disturbance of a burial ground. It is said that the human remains were reburied. The stones have both incised crosses and inscription in runic and Hiberno-Saxon characters. Similar stones have been found at Lindisfarne. The slabs are traditionally linked to to the early monastic settlement of the seventh century based on the orientation of the graves (north-south) and the presence of pillow stones and the early Anglian character of the names with the fact that they are partly in runes. It is argued that they may in fact be later. A detailed survey of the use of the cross in early Christian art is presented.
Note on a Watch signed 'Hieronymus Hamilthon Scotus me fecit 1595,' with View of Edinburgh Castle on the Dial
Authors: Findlay John R
Published: March 2023

Little is known of the earlier Scottish watchmakers, though one of the most notable of early watchmakers in this country and the first master of the Incorporated Clockmakers was a Scot, David Ramsay, whom James VI, on his accession to the throne of England, appointed keeper of his clocks and watches. There are in existence a considerable number of watches signed by him, one of which bears the legend, "David Ramsay Scotus me fecit." On the face of this watch, above the dial, it bears the\r\nScottish crown surmounted by the Scottish lion sejant, and below the dial the fleur-de-lys surmounted by a crown. The representation within the dial is identified as Edinburgh Castle and its environs.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 12 April 1920.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 12 January 1920.
Notes on the Discovery of a Coped Monument and an Incised Cross-slab at the Graveyard, St Boniface Church, Papa Westray, Orkney
Authors: Kirkness William
Published: March 2023

The coped stone has sloping sides covered with three rows of well-defined tiles, or shield-shaped scale-like ornamentation. Along the ridge, which is flat, there is a deeply-cut channel. The stone, which is of red freestone much covered with lichen,\r\nlies due east and west, the broader end to the west. The cross-slab was found while a grave was being dug. Incised on the face is a geometrical four armed cross within a circle, the diameter of which is 10 inches. This cross is surmounted by a small equal-armed cross, the top arm being imperfect. It has a single step at the foot, and to this extent it resembles a Calvary cross. Each end of the side arms terminates in a crescent, a very unusual occurrence.
Notes on Five Donside Castles
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

The five ruined castles are all situated in the valley of the Aberdeenshire Don. With the exception of Tillycairn, no architectural description or plan of any of them has yet been published, and the notes and sketches of Tillycairn are not reliable. All five castles are excellent examples of the different types of fortified mansions, or "houses of fence," which were being constructed during the last half of the sixteenth century. In addition to Tillycairn, the castles at Pitfichie, Balfluig, Asloun and Culquhonny are described with accompanying plans.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 9 May 1921.
The Methuen Cup
Authors: Eeles Francis C
Published: March 2023

The silver-gilt cup was almost certainly made in Scotland. There are three incised inscriptions: one in broad Scots and the other two in Latin, in capital letters between incised lines encircling the cup and cover. The initials of the silversmith are VH.
Notes on the Discovery of a Cist at Stairhaven, Wigtownshire
Authors: Anderson R S G , Bryce Thomas H
Published: March 2023

A feature thought to be a hut circle proved to be a dilapidated cairn. A short cist was located just off centre. It contained a Food Vessel, a deposit of cremated human bone, three quartz pebbles and a flint scraper. The remains were identified as an adult of uncertain sex.
The Balvarran Cupped Stone, the 'Bloody Stone' of Dunfallandy, and a Cup-marked Stone in Glen Brerachan
Authors: Dixon John H
Published: March 2023

An account of three cup-marked stone outcrops and the local legends traditionally attached to them.
Ancient Sculpturings in Tiree
Authors: Mann Ludovic MacLellan
Published: March 2023

The sculpturings of the island are (1) prehistoric carvings of such figures as cups and ovals on the living rock-surface and on a standing-stone; (2) prehistoric carvings of large, deep, mostly oval cavities on the shore rocks; and (3) Early Christian carvings on slabs. The latter include cruciform figures. An account of all the known examples on the island is presented.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 13 March 1922.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 10 April 1922.
The Accounts of St Salvator's College, St Andrews, comprising the Ordinary Revenue and Expenditure, the Casual and Contingent Profits, etc., from 1679 to 1689, and Details of the Revenue in 1691
Authors: Fleming D Hay
Published: March 2023

The accounts of the college for the period in question are presented in detail.
A Food-Vessel Urn from Oban, Argyll
Authors: Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

A stone-built short cist with large cover slab contained a Food Vessel. There were no human remains or other artefacts.
Report on a Short Cist found at Camelon, Falkirk
Authors: Buchanan Mungo
Published: March 2023

The crude cist comprised walls of rough unhewn sandstone blocks (not slabs) and boulders and a cover slab. It contained cremated human bone identified as an adult and a flint knife.
Note on a Hoard of Coins found at Auchenbart, in the Parish of Galston, Aryshire
Authors: MacDonald George
Published: March 2023

A small earthenware jug contained a minimum of 228 coins. The hoard is of interest as none of the coins were Scottish: seven were pennies of Edward I of England and the remainder were foreign, mainly from the Low Countries. The probable date of burial of the hoard is AD 1300.
Account of the Excavations on Traprain Law during the Summer of 1922
Authors: Cree James E
Published: March 2023

In the previous season of excavation, after determining that the ground examined had been under continuous occupation, at least during the period from the end of the first to the beginning of the fifth centuries AD, the excavators reverted to the original method of removing the ground in four more or less arbitrary levels of occupation. This method was continued during the present year, and therefore the plans do not represent accurately the actual conditions existing at any particular period. However, the method of removing the soil in four levels has a certain stratigraphical value, as it aids in approximately dating the relics recovered. Two further areas were excavated along with minor investigations elsewhere on the hill. The features identified and the associated relics are described in detail. One of the gateways penetrating the rampart at the west end of the hill was also examined.
Report on a Bronze Age Grave and Two Others discovered last year at Camelon, Stirlingshire
Authors: Buchanan Mungo , Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

The first discovery was a short cist containing cremated bone and a burnt flint scraper. The second of the cists contained a Food Vessel accompanied by unburnt and burnt human remains. The third longer cist contained fragments of a skeleton and an iron sword. A wheel-turned vessel of dark-coloured pottery, with a number of objects made out of thin sheet bronze or brass, and some much corroded fragments of iron and particles of wood was found nearby.
Bronze Age Short Cists near Dunfermline, Fife
Authors: Callander J Graham , Bryce T H
Published: March 2023

The first cist was removed by workmen who thought it was a drain. The second cist contained parts of two decayed skeletons one of which appeared to have been disarticulated when deposited. They were identified as an adult female and a younger person of uncertain sex. A third cist was empty.
Report on the Excavation of (1) A Long Segmented Chambered Cairn, (2) A Bronze Age Cairn, and (3) A Hut-Circle, in the Parish of Minnigaff, Stewartry of Kirkcudbright
Authors: Edwards Arthur J H
Published: March 2023

A long cairn at Drannandow was very badly denuded and much disturbed. The cairn was near oval and five separate chambers were revealed by excavation. Four of the chambers were split into two compartments. No passage was identified. There were no portal stones and no artefacts. Two cists were found within a nearby round cairn. The central cist was surrounded by a stone setting and contained a Food Vessel, an unworked flint and a fragment of charcoal. Sherds of a Food Vessel were found within the secondary cist. A hut-circle in Knockman Wood was a shallow oval depression with a doorway composed of two portal stones. The hut had been formed of a stone wall. A roughly paved floor and a hearth were revealed in the interior.
The Royal Castle of Kindrochit in Mar
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

The ruined castle survives mainly as foundations, none of the walls being more than ten feet high. A ground plan based on careful survey has been produced. The chief feature of this castle appears to have been a great mastertower or keep. The style of construction is typical of the fourteenth-and fifteenth-century castles in Aberdeenshire, marked by the very free use of mortar in filling the interstices between the large irregular stones. Small flat pinnings inserted horizontally, which are so characteristic a feature in sixteenth-century work, are here totally absent. The surviving elements and the surrounding topography are considered along with documentary evidence.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 57

Table of contents

List of illustrations

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1923

List of Corresponding members 1923

List of Honorary members November 1923

List of the Lady Associates November 1923

Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications
A Note on Four Silver Spoons and a Fillet of Gold found in The Nunnery at Iona; and on a Finger-ring, part of a Fillet, and a fragment of Wire, all of Gold, found in St Ronnan's Chapel, The Nunnery, Iona
Authors: Curle Alexander O
Published: March 2023

Four silver spoons and a fillet of gold were discovered underneath a stone at the west corner of the base of the south respond of the chancel arch. Fragments of a coarse woven fabric of linen adhering to the outer surface of one of the spoons indicated that they had been wrapped up in a cloth before being deposited in the ground. One of the spoons is different from the others in terms of its decoration. The fillet is of beaten decorated gold. The second discovery comprised a finger-ring, a large and a small portion of another fillet, and a small fragment of wire, all of gold. These objects were closely associated, inasmuch as the portion of the fillet was found folded up within the circumference of the ring, and kept in position by the fragment of wire used to wedge it in. An argument for a medieval date is advanced.
Supplementary Note to the Excavation of Coull Castle
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

Supplementary note to 'The Excavation of Coull Castle, Aberdeenshire' (p.45-99)
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 9 February 1925.
A Hoard of Coins, Two Spoons, and a Cane Top of Silver from Irvine, and a Spoon of the same Metal from Haddington
Authors: Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

A quantity of coins, two spoons, and a cane top of silver were discovered in 1923. The spoons are similar in shape and ornamentation. On the back of the stem of both spoons are the Edinburgh hall-marks I S (John Scott), a castle, and I F (John Fraser). On the cane top is engraved a shield bearing the arms of Cuninghame of Cuninghamehead, in the parish of Dreghorn, in Ayrshire, the arms being a shake-fork between two garbs and a mullet-in-chief, with the letters DEC. The coins number 351 and range in date from the reign of Edward VI to Charles I. The silver spoon from Haddington has on the front of the top of the stem an engraved rude foliaceous\r\ndesign with a heart-shaped ornament below, and there is an incised triangle at the foot. On the back of the stem are the hall-marks D B (David Bog, maker), a castle, and I S (James Symonstoun, deacon of the incorporation, 1665-7), and the groove\r\nmade in testing the quality of the metal. On the back of the bowl are the initials B M. The spoon was made in Edinburgh about 1666.
Whin-Mills in Aberdeenshire
Authors: Ritchie James
Published: March 2023

Until comparatively recently much of the land now in cultivation was waste and the methods of cultivation were primitive. During times of scarcity whins or gorse came to be used as animal feed. Sheep browse only upon the tender shoots of the year, but\r\ngeneral whin-cutting included the more woody portions of the plant and demanded, that the spines should be destroyed if injury to the feeders was to be avoided. So whin-bruising had to be undertaken. This led to the development of a series of simple crushing implements and other tools. These were the flail, wooden mallet and block, roller type of whin-mill and wheel or grindstone shaped whin-mill. A survey of sites where some of these survive is included.
Two Unrecorded Crosses in Wigtownshire
Authors: Anderson R S G
Published: March 2023

A small incised cross in a circle was discovered close to the four already known at St Ninian's Cave. At Barmore a fragment of a cross-slab is set into a modern drystone shrine. It has a large central cross with a smaller cross in each angle. Each of the smaller crosses is enclosed by brackets.
The Augustinian Priory and Parish Church of Monymusk, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

During the thirteenth century the ancient Culdee settlement at Monymusk was replaced by a priory - sometimes in later records styled an Abbey '” of Augustinian Canons Regular, under the Bishop of St Andrews.The possibility that the settlement was Celtic in origin is suggested by the existence of a sculptured stone at Monymusk. The remains of the priory were plundered in the late 16th century for the construction of the House of Monymusk. The parish church is much altered but retains many Norman features although the question of whether it was the parish church or the church of the priory is unresolved.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 12 January 1925.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Ahead of the anniversary meeting, the President was given permission to write to the King on the Society’s behalf, expressing his condolences on the death of Queen Alexandra. The usual business of the meeting was then conducted including the election of new Fellows and the presentation of a list of deceased Fellows. Other reports presented included:A report on the number of Fellows on the Society’s RollBrief obituaries for some of the Fellows who died in the previous yearFellows appointed to attend various heritage organisations on behalf of the SocietyA report on the progress of the Society’s forthcoming publicationsA report on the items added to the Society’s museum and library collections over the previous sessionA report on the Society’s excavations in ScotlandA note on the Rhind Lectures and the Chalmers-Jervise PrizeTreasurer then presented the Annual Report on the Society’s finances.

 

Meeting notes for 14 December, 1925 are appended.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 8 March 1926.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 10 May 1926.
Folklore of the Aberdeenshire Stone Circles and Standing-stones
Authors: Ritchie James
Published: March 2023

The legends relating to the monuments are grouped under five headings: the influence of good and evil spirits, the notion of worship, the idea of buried treasure, human associations and animal associations. Sites referred to include Drumel, Corrydoun, Chapel o'Sink, Auld Kirk o' Alford, Rayne, St Marnan's Chair and Macbeth's Stone at Lumphanan. It is noteworthy that where the term druid has been applied to these monuments in Aberdeenshire it is intended to mean anything pagan or heathen.
The Caterans of Inveraven
Authors: Bulloch John Malcolm
Published: March 2023

The family of Gordon came to Aberdeenshire from the Borders in the 14th century. Part of the family settled in the wild region of Inveraven and soon adopted the manners of the original inhabitants who were mainly caterans or vagabonds. The article gives an account based on documentary sources of some of their illegal activities which included raiding and murder.
Cup-markings near Moulin, Perthshire
Authors: Naismith W W
Published: March 2023

An outcrop of rock near Moulin is in an elevated position with a good view of the Tummel and Tay valley. The are 14 cups carved into the rock. One set of 5 cups, and another set of 3, lie in two straight lines running as nearly as possible east and west. A prominent perched block near Badvo Cottage has 21 or 22 cups, three of which are in a straight line.
Report on the Discovery of Two Short Cists containing Cremated Human Remains at Hundatown, Orkney
Authors: Kirkness William
Published: March 2023

A stone-built short cist of the double chambered variety contained cremated human bone but no other artefacts. It is very similar in form to cists from Isbister and Crantit. The landowner reported that other cists had been found in the vicinity.
A Cist containing Burnt Human Bones at Pitlessie, Cults, Fife
Authors: Gordon J Tennant
Published: March 2023

A stone-built short cist contained sand and cremated human bone intermingled throughout its interior. No artefacts were present although three of the bones had green staining thought to have been caused by proximity to a bronze object. The bones were identified as those of a single adult individual.
Notes on Excavations of Prehistoric and Later Sites at Muirkirk, Ayrshire 1913-1927
Authors: Fairbairn Archibald
Published: March 2023

The article summarises excavation of a variety of sites including Bronze Age hut circles, burial cairns, some with evidence of in situ cremation and many with urns. The cairn at Marchhouse contained an inverted urn with cremated bone associated with an incense cup, bone pin and bronze awl. Medieval circular stone dwellings and later oblong dwellings were excavated. The probable home of a Covenanter John Brown, who was shot in 1685 receives particular attention.
A Collection of Tardenoisian Implements from Berwickshire
Authors: Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

A large collection of microlithic tools was found on Drybrugh Mains Farms. The tools are made mainly of stone with some flint and include scrapers, blades, flakes, cores and chips.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 13 February 1928.
The Plenishing of Holyrood House in 1714
Authors: Steuart A Francis
Published: March 2023

An account of a manuscript relating to James Steuart Esq., the Keeper of the King's Wardrobe in Scotland who died in 1750 at the old Abbey of Holyroodhouse. The entries are transcribed and provide in particular details about the furnishing of Holyrood House.
A Beaker from a Short cist in a Long Cairn at Kilmarie, Skye
Authors: Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

A stone cist containing a Beaker vessel and cremated human bone was accidentally disturbed. Its location near the top of the cairn indicates that it was a secondary burial. AB
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 9 April 1928.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 9 January 1928.
Ecclesiastical Remains in the Neighbourhood of Luss, with Notes on some Unrecorded Crosses and Hog-backed Stones
Authors: Lacaille A D
Published: March 2023

An account of the island of Inchtavannoch in Loch Lomond thought to be the site of a religious foundation linked with the pre-Columbian missionary St Kessog. Carved tombstones and crosses from Luss Kirkyard and the ruins of St Michael's Chapel, Glen Luss are described in detail. Two previously unrecorded cross-slabs from Dalgety, Fife and Kirkbride, Dunure and three hog-backed tombs from Logie and Tulliallan are reported.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 14 January 1929.
A Short cist at West Puldrite, in the Parish of Evie and Rendall, Orkney
Authors: Corrie John M , Low Alexander
Published: March 2023

A stone cist below a mound contained three individuals. The first two had been disarticulated when the third individual was interred. No artefacts were recovered. A report on the human bones is included.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 13 May 1929.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Before the meeting began, the Chairman announced the death of a long-standing member of the Society, Sir John Findlay. A brief obituary was read. This is followed by the meeting notes for 14 April 1930.
Some Caves and a Rock Shelter at Loch Ryan and Port-Patrick, Galloway
Authors: Gregory J W , Ritchie James , Kennedy W Q , Leitch Duncan
Published: March 2023

A rock shelter near Corsewall House was associated with a midden containing shells, animal bones and hammer-stones. It is suggested that a butchery mark on one of the bones was made by a metal implement. The cave at Cairnryan contained traces of a hearth along with hammer-stones,charcoal, animal bone and shells. Occupation at Outriemakain Cave is believed to be recent.
Notes on (1) A Short Cist containing a Food-Vessel at Darnhall, Peeblesshire, and (2) A Cinerary Urn from Over Migvie, Kirriemuir, Angus
Authors: Callander J Graham
Published: March 2023

A Food Vessel was recovered from a cist at Darnhall in an area where at least three other cists have been discovered. The Over Migvie urn was found in a small cist. It contained cremated human bone and a burnt bone bead.
Miscellaneous Relics found in Wigtownshire
Authors: Anderson R S G
Published: March 2023

Artefacts included stone and flint axes, flint arrowheads, a bronze socketed axe, a glass bead, jet pendants, a clay mould, a coin, a medieval carved headstone and a carved stone depicting a coat-of-arms.
Scottish Memorials in Marienwerder Cathedral in Pomesania
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

The medieval cathedral contains a number of memorials to Scottish migrants.
Mesolithic Implements from Ayrshire
Authors: Lacaille A D
Published: March 2023

An account of flint tools recovered from Shewalton which includes blades, points and arrowheads.
The Chambered Long Cairn at Kindrochat, near Comrie, Perthshire
Authors: Childe V Gordon
Published: March 2023

A much robbed cairn with tree root disturbance covered a central standing stone and three cists, two of which were examined in 1929. The only artefact was a leaf-shaped flint arrowhead from cist 2.
Note on Early Cross-slabs from the Faeroe Islands
Authors: Kermode P M C
Published: March 2023

Description of the carvings on a group of medieval grave slabs.
Some Further Notes on the Traprain Law Treasure
Authors: Curle Alexander O
Published: March 2023

Note on the curious letter which appeared twice in the inscription surrounding the base of the neck of the small silver flask and discussion of parallels on two Roman memorial stones.
An Old Scottish Violin Tutor
Authors: Farmer Henry George
Published: March 2023

An account of an 18th-century manuscript of sheet music for violin.
Short Cists in Angus and Nairnshire
Authors: Edwards Arthur J H , Low Alexander
Published: March 2023

The cist at Fletcherfield, Forfar contained a Beaker vessel while at Knockenny, Glamis a skeleton was accompanied by a Food Vessel and jet beads. The cist at Carnach, Nairn contained only an unaccompanied skeleton.
Interim Report on the Excavation of a Bronze Age Dwelling at Yarlshof, Shetland, in 1931
Authors: Curle Alexander O
Published: March 2023

An account of the excavation of a substantial stone-built structure comprising four chambers with at least two phases of occupation. Notable finds included clay moulds for casting bronze objects.
Lesmoir Castle and the Church of Essie: With some further Notes on Auchindoir
Authors: Simpson W Douglas
Published: March 2023

An account of the medieval parish of Essie and its environs including the castle of Lesmoir and Essie Church. Notes on Auchindoir relate to Craig Castle and the old Church of Auchindoir.
Meeting notes
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Meeting notes for 13 March 1933.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 69

Table of contents

List of illustrations

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1935

List of Corresponding members 1935

List of Honorary members November 1935

List of the Lady Associates November 1935

Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

The usual business of the meeting was conducted including the election of new Fellows and the presentation of a list of deceased Fellows. The President then delivered the Anniversary Address.

 

Meeting notes for 9 December, 1935 are appended.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 70

Table of contents

List of illustrations

Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland

List of the Fellows November 1936

List of Corresponding members 1936

List of Honorary members November 1936

List of the Lady Associates November 1936

Societies, Institutions, &c., Exchanging publications