bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term Labour Shortage. The Economic Impact of Population Transition and Post-Industrialism on the OECD Countries: the Nordic Case
Authors: Salmenhaara Perttu
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a survey of results about studies on ageing. The data is collected from population projections by the United Nations, OECD, the European Union and the Eurostat.The research question is how population ageing affects the percentage of the working age population in the OECD. Special focus countries are the Nordic countries. The method is to collect together comparable data from these previous studies. The results imply that from 2005 to 2050 the number of the elderly in relation to the working-age population is projected to increase radically. Most advanced national economies are likely to have problems in providing elderly care services and pensions. In addition, post-industrialisation and ethnic discrimination add to the problem by excluding a fair share of the working-age population from the labour market.
Regional Demographic Differences: The Effect of Laestadians
Authors: Terämä Emma
Published: June 2020

Laestadianism, a conservative revival movement inside the Lutheran church, has an estimated 100,000 followers in Finland. Laestadians have characteristics differing from the followers of the mainstream state church in areas such as religious activity, regional concentration, fertility and family planning, but these are generally not quantified due to lack of easily accessible data. This study highlights the importance of including location and religiosity, and not only religious affiliation in the study of fertility behaviour. The research uses statistical tools to study the correlations between such variables as religious density and total fertility rate. It is found that on the regional level, the total fertility rate and the increasing number of small children in the family is positively associated with the proportion of Laestadians. The regional variation of religiousness, and the subsequent effects on population structure and socioeconomics are discussed.
Finnish Official Development Aid for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Shemeikka Riikka
Published: June 2020

Finland is one of the donor countries that is most supportive in family planning (FP), Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) and gender issues. This study examines Finnish ODA for FP and SRHR: its decision-making structure, other stakeholders and funding levels. Data consists of documents from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) and interviews conducted at the MFA and with other experts. While Parliament decides on the overall level of ODA funding, the Minister for Foreign Trade and Development has considerable autonomy. Other stakeholders such as the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Population and Development and the Family Federation of Finland (Vestliitto) engage in advocacy work and have influenced development policy. Although the Development Policy 2007 mentions the importance of health and SRHR issues and HIV/AIDS is a cross-cutting issue, interviewees stated that the importance of health and SRHR in ODA has declined and that the implementation of cross-cutting issues is challenging. Multilateral funding for UNFPA, UNAIDS and GFATM, and thus the proportion of SRHR funding within the health sector, is however currently rising. Funding for population-related activities has increased and represented 4.8% of Finlands total ODA in 2009. Almost all of this funding is directed towards basic reproductive health and HIV/AIDS issues and the majority is directed through multilateral channels (78% in 2009), mainly UNFPA and UNAIDS. IPPF, Ipas and Marie Stopes International also receive support.
Hungarians in Finland and Sweden: Comparison of Some Sociocultural and Demographic Factors on Language Choice, Culture and Identity
Authors: Straszer Boglárka
Published: June 2020

This article provides an overview of some sociocultural and demographic factors of language maintenance and shift among Hungarians in Finland and Sweden, predominately at the group level. Some of the factors described are: the historical background of Hungarian immigration, settlement patterns, demographic development, geographical areas, participation in Hungarian associations along with the attitudes of the majority group towards Hungarians and the Hungarian language. After this some data is presented about language choice, culture and identity of second-generation Hungarians. The article shows that Hungarians are not a single unified group in Sweden or Finland and both groups face factors that can support or hinder the preservation of the Hungarian language and culture. Swedish-Hungarians have a greater ability to preserve their Hungarianism as a group due to population size and concentration in certain areas, while Finnish-Hungarians can maintain their Hungarian identity due to their comparably high status in society and the positive attitudes of the Finnish majority.
ENCAPSULATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN ZEIN ULTRA-THIN FIBERS VIA ELECTROSPINNING
Authors: Fuenmayor Carlos Alberto , Cosio Maria Stella
Published: June 2020

Phenolic compounds are of great interest for the food industry, in particular due to their antioxidant capacity. Nevertheless, their relevance as bioactive substances is often hindered by poor stability and solubility. Phenolic compounds can be encapsulated for that better maintaining their bioactivity. In this work, we explore an alternative for the encapsulation of phenolics using zein (Z), a food-grade biopolymer, as the carrier material. In particular, gallic acid (GA) and naringenin (NAR) were homogeneously incorporated in ultrathin zein fibers by means of a simple one-step electrospinning process. Morphology, cargo stability and cargo-carrier molecular interaction were studied. The phenolics release behavior was analyzed in aqueous media at different pH conditions. Pure Z fibers present a ribbon-like structure of variable dimensions, characteristically ranging between 230 – 396 nm in width up to 0.8 μm. Incorporation of the antioxidants did not visibly affect this morphology. Loading values were 4.93 ± 0.15% (GA) and 5.12 ± 0.60% (NAR). Phenolic loadings remained stable for the period observed (~3 months) at room storage conditions. Release studies revealed a burst release trend with a cumulative release threshold minimum for pH 2 and maximum for pH 7. Results show that this is a promising approach for phenolic compounds encapsulation.
Instrucciones para los autores
Authors: OJS Administrator
Published: June 2020

Instrucciones y páginas finales / Revista EIA
LA RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL EN LAS INSTITUCIONES FINANCIERAS DE IBAGUÉ: UN ANÁLISIS MULTIVARIANTE
Authors: Rubio Guerrero Germán
Published: June 2020

El artículo es producto de la investigación “La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) en las Instituciones del Sector Financiero de Ibagué” y su objetivo es analizar el comportamiento de las entidades bancarias de esta ciudad con respecto a la RSE. Se trató de un estudio mixto de investigación que incorporó aspectos cuantitativos y cualitativos, en especial el análisis descriptivo y multivariado, siguiendo la guía metodológica para el estudio de las Pymes españolas. Se analizaron las dimensiones relacionadas con estrategia y estructura, grupos de interés: clientes y trabajadores; comunidad y medio ambiente. Los resultados del estudio mostraron que aún los principios de la RSE, no han sobrepasado el umbral del mero cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales. En este mismo sentido los ítems relacionados con las jornadas promocionales de RSE, fondos para causas sociales y medioambientales, el informe sobre RSE, también resultaron calificados con evaluaciones moderadas.
CUANTIFICACIÓN DE MERCURIO EN PASTO TRATADO CON BIOSÓLIDOS POR ESPECTROFOTOMETRÍA DE ABSORCIÓN ATÓMICA CON GENERADOR DE HIDRUROS
Authors: Ortiz Villa Amilvia Yanett , Araque Marín Pedronel , Peláez Jaramillo Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2020

Los subproductos sólidos de carácter orgánico generados por los procesos de tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales son utilizados comúnmente como fuente de nutrientes para tratamiento de suelos. Estos biosólidos contienen nutrientes contaminantes inorgánicos como  el mercurio, el cual es empleado para el estudio, por el conocimiento ampliamente documentado de su toxicidad en sistemas vivos y sus efectos en seres humanos. En este mismo sentido y puesto que las plantas constituyen la base de la cadena trófica, se centra la atención sobre el pasto, debido a su fácil crecimiento y uso como pastura de ganadería. El mercurio en pasto fue cuantificado mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica utilizando la técnica de generador de hidruros con vapor frío. Se verificaron algunos parámetros de validación con criterios de aceptación deseables tales como linealidad (r2 = 0,999), exactitud (R = 93,14-96,12%), precisión (CV = 1,11-1,69%), límites de detección y cuantificación (0,001-0,003 ppb). Se evidenció que las concentraciones de mercurio se encuentran por debajo de los valores máximos permitidos por la normatividad Internacional, presentando el biosólido como fuente confiable de nutrientes para el agro. De esta forma se establece una metodología que puede ser una buena herramienta para la determinación analítica de mercurio en pastos.
COORDINACIÓN EN REDES DE SUMINISTRO DE MEDICAMENTOS. CASO APLICADO AL SECTOR SALUD COLOMBIANO
Authors: Zamora Aguas Juan Pablo , Adarme Jaimes Wilson , Vanegas Escamilla Egdda Patricia
Published: June 2020

Este artículo presenta la evaluación de escenarios de coordinación de actores en la red de suministro de medicamentos oncológicos utilizando la dinámica de sistemas. Se describe el contexto actual y la problemática del abastecimiento resultado de la investigación realizada en instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud (IPS) con servicios de oncología de diferentes ciudades de Colombia. Se desarrolla una revisión de los principales aspectos relacionados con la coordinación en sistemas de suministro, se evalúan y analizan dos escenarios de coordinación basados en el uso de información compartida y la toma de decisiones conjunta utilizando parámetros de referencia de medicamentos de alto costo que requieren adecuación en centrales de mezcla (CM) para aplicación de tratamientos de quimioterapia en pacientes con cáncer. Los resultados dieron ahorros cercanos al 14% y niveles de cumplimiento alrededor del 98%, lo que implica una contribución importante al sistema de salud colombiano.
Иммунитет к COVID-19 и вопросы проведения скрининговых исследований антител к SARS-Cov-2
Authors: Маянский Н. А.
Published: June 2020

В работе кратко представлены известные данные об иммунном ответе на SARS-CoV-2, а также проанализированы возможности и ограничения серологического тестирования на антивирусные антитела, которые следует учитывать при планировании популяционных исследований и интерпретации их результатов.
Forming company strategic competitiveness based on intellectual leadership and key competencies
Authors: Veselovskiy Mikhail Yakovlevich , Pogodina Tatiana Vitalievna
Published: June 2020

The article explores the sources and factors of forming the competitive advantages and competitiveness of companies based on the systematic implementation of intellectual leadership. The methodological basis of the research includes the theory of competency-based approach, innovative and strategic management. The research information base includes the official data from the Federal State Statistics Service, Russian manufacturing companies and the own scientific research findings. The research results include systematizing the new competitive advantages

of companies formed on the basis of intellectual leadership (corporate culture, managing

a knowledge system about key stakeholders, smart manufacturing, artificial intelligence) and key competencies. The pyramid of intellectual leadership is presented, which allows companies to build a personnel management strategy taking into account the gradual transition from the business management to collective management, and then to the spiritual leadership. The key competencies are identified and analyzed; they allow to increase the innovative activity of industrial enterprises (Research and Production Corporation United Wagon Company, PJSC; Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant, PJSC; Red October, PJSC). It has been found that in Russia the large metallurgical and car manufacturing companies, food production companies are actively using modern digital technologies (electronic trading platforms, online stores, electronic document management, electronic procurement, online services for customers, electronic procurement for the needs of the enterprise, etc.) for developing their key competencies. In modern conditions digitalization of business processes is becoming an increasingly independent production resource and a key competency

of companies contributing to the achievement of strategic development goals. There are considered the operating and emerging clusters in the field of information technologies that can contribute to solving the problems of accelerated digitalization of the economy in the Novgorod region, in the Perm Territory, in the Republic of Tatarstan, and the cluster of information and communication technologies in the Rostov Region.
Methods of improving personnel management at enterprise as factor of labor efficiency and productivity
Authors: Nikolaev Nikolay Alekseevich
Published: June 2020

The paper highlights the relevance of increasing the labor efficiency of personnel at the enterprise level. The level of labor productivity at Russian industrial enterprises is found several times lower than at the enterprises in the United States of America. There has been carried out a review of modern Russian scientific and methodological literature to evaluate the effectiveness of the personnel management systems. A significant number of methodological tools for assessing and improving the personnel management system of the enterprise have been identified. At the same time, there are no studies of methods assessing the personnel management systems ensuring the key properties of the personnel, which is especially important for the survival, increase of competitiveness and enterprise development in a highly competitive innovation environment. There has been presented the methodical approach to the assessment and improvement of the personnel management system of the enterprise as a factor in increasing the productivity and efficiency of labor. The criteria and indicators for assessing the personnel management system of the enterprise are developed. The key properties of the personnel management system are the goal-directedness of the personnel’s activities, the level of motivation to achieve the goals of the enterprise, the coordination

of staff interaction, the correspondence of the quantity and quality of personnel to the requirements for the performance of labor functions and the goals of the enterprise, and the quality of personnel labor management. The author’s approach to assessing the type of social and labor relations of staff based on the ratio of values, interests, coordination of interaction and socio-psychological working conditions is formulated. There has been revealed an empirical dependence of the impact of the state of the personnel management system on performance indicators, personnel labor productivity, as well as the dynamics of the enterprise. Based on the studies, a direct empirical dependence

of personnel performance factors on the integral indicator of the state of the personnel management system was established. The results of testing methodological recommendations on improving the personnel management system at the enterprise using the author's approach are presented.
Management of training specialists of investment and construction sectors in conditions of economics digitalization
Authors: Nabiev Ramazan Abdulmuminovich , Iglina Nataliia , Luneva Tatiana
Published: June 2020

The article describes the development of scientific and methodological recommendations of control over training highly qualified specialists in building information modeling (BIM) technology in the investment and construction sectors. The conceptual framework of BIM technology and its sub-processes are considered; the technical and economic advantages of practical application of information modeling are noted. BIM technologies are already used by a few Russian design and construction companies that develop their own BIM standards. In Russia the inevitability of moving architectural and construction activities, such as design, construction and operation

of buildings and structures, to BIM technologies has been shown. The transition is proved to be hindered by the lack of national BIM standards, insufficient participation of the state in the indus-trial implementation of BIM technologies, as well as a shortage of qualified personnel with the necessary competencies in the field of information and communication technologies. There has been pointed out the emergence of new construction professions, whose labor functions are directly related to the practical application of BIM technologies, as a response to the modern market requirements. The analysis of the labor market has been done, the analysis results have been used to make a conclusion about the shortage of engineering and management personnel in the domestic investment and construction complex. To eliminate the gap between the complex's need for qualified personnel and the volume of their supply in the labor market there have been formulated

a number of scientific and methodological recommendations, in particular, it has been proposed to create a state BIM educational center in which with the participation of Russian and foreign ex-perts, representatives of the investment and construction sector and software companies, profes-sional development of teachers and leading specialists in the construction industry will be carried out. To adapt to the requirements of digitalization of the industry, it is proposed to introduce the team work technologies into the educational process using BIM when mastering special engineer-ing disciplines and preparing the final qualification works. At the same time, the importance of in-tegrating the companies that develop specialized software, enterprises of the investment and con-struction complex, higher education organizations and public authorities in the transition of the in-vestment and construction complex to an innovative development path is emphasized.
Possible development strategies of Russian companies in post-crisis period
Authors: Akmaeva Raisya Isaevna , Karlina Elena Prokofievna
Published: June 2020

The article examines the trends and mega-trends that Russian organizations are forced to face in the process of developing an innovative and digital economy. New cross-cutting trends that have emerged under the influence of the pandemic are investigated, and it is proved that they will last long enough in the post-crisis period. It is found that in the process of developing strategies for the development of their enterprises in the post-crisis period, Russian managers need to take into account the cultural aspect, namely, the unique feature of the Russian value system, the possibility of skillfully combining the European idea of individualism with the Asian idea of col-lectivism. The advantages and disadvantages of the sudden-onset distance learning system, as well as technologies of remote employment and remote forms of interaction, which will receive a very powerful impetus for development and improvement in the post-crisis period, are discussed. It is proved that large and long-term changes in human communication, information consumption, new forms of labor organization of employees and managers, the transition to digital services and online self-service will become the norms and standards of the near future. The need for prompt decision-making by managers and managers of Russian enterprises when choosing possible development strategies in the post-crisis period is substantiated. The advantages of expanding the practice of using new organizational forms of organization planning such as holacracy and agile are highlighted, and in post-crisis conditions, not only business models will change and the planning cycle will shorten, but the use of flexible agile technology will invariably increase. Modern companies can efficiently cope with the adverse effects of coronavirus by choosing the right priorities for their development and understanding the trends that affect their industry before and after the crisis
Mujer y educación en la China actual
Authors: NIE NAN
Published: June 2020

La educación de la mujer en China ha sufrido importantes procesos de cambio a lo largo de su milenaria historia. Inicialmente se encontraba caracterizada por el predominio de una sociedad feudal que obligaba a su reclusión en el hogar adoptando una posición de sumisión hacia el hombre y cuyo aprendizaje era el resultado de la transmisión de tradiciones y costumbres de madres a hijas. A partir del siglo XIX y tras el contacto cultural con las sociedades occidentales, comienzan a producirse cambios sustanciales que favorecen su participación en la sociedad y en la vida educativa. Cambios que van a tener su mayor alcance a partir de la creación de la República Popular de China y la Constitución, pues a partir de entonces es cuando podemos confirmar su incorporación al ámbito de la educación superior. A pesar de todo, las viejas reminiscencias machistas que todavía continúan generando prejuicios y estereotipos que en nada facilitan la plena incorporación laboral y educativa y las  diferencias que se producen entre las distintas regiones que conforman el país, continúan siendo aún hoy dos grandes obstáculos que frenan el avance de la discriminación social y educativa femenina.
Imaginación simbólica en “El ahogado más hermoso del mundo” de García Márquez
Authors: Mateos Blanco Belén
Published: June 2020

La comprensión y el redescubrimiento del acervo cultural de la humanidad implica rastrear los rituales iniciáticos, las tradiciones ancestrales y los instintos primitivos plasmados en la tradición literaria. Fijar unos parámetros de estudio capaces de segregar y catalogar este imaginario colectivo resulta imprescindible para comprender y justificar el devenir y la construcción del relato. Basándose en las premisas de Gilbert Durand, Martín Jiménez desarrolla un complejo mapa conceptual para determinar el tiempo y el espacio narrativo vinculados a los regímenes de la imaginación simbólica; son precisamente estas estructuras antropológicas del imaginario las que identificaremos en el relato de García Márquez “El ahogado más hermoso del mundo”.
OPTIMALISASI KEORGANISASIAN REMAS NURUR RAHMAN KOLPAJUNG DAN REMAS NURUL IMAN LAWANGAN DAYA
Authors: Kusyairi Kusyairi , Khoiri M.
Published: June 2020

Sasaran kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah para pengurus dan anggota Remaja Masjid (Remas) di kedua mitra (Remas Nurur Rahman dan Remas Nurul Iman). Dan diharapkan setelah kegiatan ini hasilnya (berupa artikel) dapat dipublikasikan, adanya peningkatan pemahaman, pengetahuan, dan kreativitas bagi pengurus dan anggota remaja masjid, serta tersusunnya program kerja dan pelaksanaannya. Adapun metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pendidikan dan pelatihan ini dikemas dengan model pelatihan dan praktik langsung (baik penyusunan maupun pelaksanaannya di lapangan). Peserta pendidikan dan pelatihan dikelompokkan berdasarkan wilayah masing-masing. Masing-masing peserta kelompok akan diberikan panduan pelaksanaan kegiatan. Sehingga para peserta dapat memahami hal-hal yang harus dilaksanakan berdasarkan petunjuk yang ada dalam buku panduan. Evaluasi dilakukan sebelum sehingga setelah kegiatan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan dasar sampai di akhir kegiatan sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan apakah pelaksanaan kegiatan ini memberikan nilai tambah terhadap peserta yang bersangkutan. Adapun kriteria keberhasilan kegiatan ini dapat ditinjau dari kehadiran peserta, penguasaan materi, penyusunan program kerja serta evaluasi program kerja remaja masjid.
BUDIDAYA SAYURAN DENGAN TEKNIK VERTIKULTUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA DI PERKOTAAN
Authors: Budi Kusumo Rani Andriani , Sukayat Yayat , Heryanto Mahra Arari , Nur Wiyono Sulistyodewi
Published: June 2020

Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk merupakan tantangan bagi ketersediaan pangan. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan kecukupan, ketahanan, dan kemandirian pangan tersebut adalah melalui pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan. Di perkotaan, kendala yang dihadapi dalam upaya pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan adalah keterbatasan luas lahan. Salah satu teknik budidaya yang dapat diterapkan pada lahan terbatas adalah  budidaya sayuran dengan teknik vertikultur. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan teknik bertanam sayuran dengan sistem vertikultur sebagai upaya memperkuat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Peserta dari kegiatan ini adalah kader PKK di Kelurahan Antapani Kidul Kecamatan Antapani Kota Bandung. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini adalah melalui ceramah dan praktek. Kegiatan ini telah memberikan manfaat bagi peserta kegiatan. Hasil yang dirasakan adalah terjadi perubahan yang cukup signifikan dari sisi kognitif, yaitu bertambahnya tingkat pengetahuan peserta tentang teknik budidaya tanaman sayuran dengan sistem vertikultur. Untuk aspek psikomotorik terdapat peningkatan keterampilan  peserta untuk membudidayakan berbagai macam jenis tanaman sayuran dengan teknik vertikultur.
SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DARI MIKROALGA DIATOM DALAM PRAKTIK BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Prasetiya Fiddy Semba , Bachtiar Eri
Published: June 2020

Mikroalga diatom dianggap sebagai organisme hidup yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan telah menarik banyak perhatian dari peneliti-peneliti dunia. Dalam beberapa tahun ini, diatom juga telah digunakan sebagai bahan nutrasetikal dan sumber obat dalam industri farmasi. Penduduk lokal di Desa Pabean Udik, Kabupaten Indramayu, sebagian besar memiliki profesi sebagai nelayan pembudidaya, dimana produksi perikanan budidaya berkontribusi cukup besar pada pendapatan daerah. Namun, salah satu kendala yang dialami oleh pembudidaya adalah adanya serangan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen yang seringkali diatasi dengan penggunaan antibiotik sintetik yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, kami melakukan sosialisasi terhadap peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat lokal di desa Pabean Udik tentang potensi diatom sebagai produk alami dengan multi-manfaat, terutama sebagai agen antibakteri alami dalam praktik budidaya perikanan laut. Dalam studi ini, pendidikan berbasis masyarakat dengan beberapa kegiatan seperti ceramah, diskusi, video interaktif dan sesi doorprize dilakukan. Selain itu, kuesioner pre-test dan post-test dilakukan sebagai alat untuk mengidentifikasi kesadaran peserta dan untuk mengukur indikator tujuan. Hasil survey yang diperoleh menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman peserta hingga 20%. Kami mengamati bahwa selama diskusi peserta juga menunjukkan kesediaan mereka untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka tentang potensi pemanfaatan diatom untuk meminimalkan risiko infeksi patogen. Oleh karena itu, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penelitian ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat lokal tentang potensi manfaat diatom dan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk menggunakan diatom untuk banyak tujuan, terutama dalam menggantikan obat antimikroba yang tidak ramah lingkungan.
SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KASCING SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN DI DESA PAGERWANGI, LEMBANG, BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Istifadah Noor , Nasahi Ceppy , Widiantini Fitri , Hartati Sri
Published: June 2020

Sebagian besar masyarakat Desa Pagerwangi, Lembang, Bandung Barat adalah petani dan peternak terutama ternak sapi. Salah satu kendala utama yang dihadapi petani dalam budidaya tanamannya adalah adanya penyakit. Penggunaan pestisida yang terus menerus dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif. Salah satu cara pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan bahan organik. Namun demikian banyak petani yang belum tahu mengenai hal tersebut. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk menyosialisasi dampak negatif dari pestisida dan perlunya pengendalian secara ramah lingkungan terutama dengan pemanfaatan bahan organik. Program yang telah dilaksanakan adalah penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pengendalian secara ramah lingkungan dan pemanfaatan bahan organik untuk pengendalian penyakit untuk petani di RW 10. Kegiatan ini ditindaklanjuti dengan pemberian benih sayuran dan pengarahan pemanfaatan bahan organik untuk pembuatan pupuk organik cair dan untuk pengendalian penyakit tanaman. Guna mendukung produksi bahan organik, dilakukan juga program yang berupa penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan kotoran sapi untuk budidaya cacing yang limbahnya yaitu berupa kascing merupakan bahan organik yang sangat baik untuk pupuk dan juga pengendali penyakit tanaman. Penyuluhan ini ditindaklanjuti dengan adanya pelatihan budidaya cacing dan pembuatan kascing yang diikuti peternak, petani, serta wanita tani dari RW 03 dan RW 10. Selain diberikan keterampilan, peserta juga diberikan media dan bibit cacing, serta kotak kayu serta unit percontohan untuk budidaya cacing. Pendampingan dan koordinasi juga dilakukan untuk memfasilitasi pelaksanaan budidaya cacing, produksi kascing serta pemanfaatannya dalam budidaya tanaman ramah lingkungan.
Pengaruh Kedisiplinan Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja Non-Fisik, dan Stress Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Guru Di SMK Bakti Ponorogo
Authors: Wulandari Ratri Widya , Farida Umi , Santoso Adi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedisiplinan kerja, lingkungan kerja non-fisik, dan stress kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja guru di SMK Bakti Ponorogo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data guru di SMK Bakti Ponorogo. Obyek dalam penelitia ini adalah seluruh guru di SMK Bakti Ponorogo yang berjumlah 37 guru. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah linier berganda dengan analisis linear berganda, uji t, uji f dan korelasi. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) kedisiplinan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja guru, 2) lingkungan kerja non-fisik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja guru, 3) stress kerja  berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja guru, 4) kedisiplinan kerja, lingkungan kerja non-fisik, dan stress kerja secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja guru, 5) variabel kedisiplinan kerja merupakan vaiabel yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas kerja guru.
The role of mass media in political socialization of modern Russian youth
Authors: Samsonova T. N. , Naumova E. S.
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the role of mass media in the process of political socialization of the Russian youth, taking place in the context of deep socio-economic and political transformations. The crucial impressionable years in the development of citizens’ political outlook are between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five. Young Russian citizens are just in the process of developing political habits and are easily influenced by different factors. Much of political information comes from the traditional and innovative mass media: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and the Internet. Television helps to shape public opinion by providing news and analysis, its entertainment programming addresses important contemporary issues that are in the political arena. The growth of the Internet is especially significant. Political news aggregators and online bloggers present a broad range of political opinion, information, and analysis. The importance of an adequate assessment of the role of the traditional and innovative media in the political socialization of young people, in shaping the political subjectivity of young Russian citizens is obvious.
Polylinguism as a Global Linguistic Capital
Authors: Mogilevich B. R.
Published: June 2020

The article presents the evolution of language origin’ sociological reflection. The transformation of language phenomena interpretation in the context of objective, semiotic, structural and discourse theories is displayed. The correlation between discourse practices and post-industrial information society development is shown. Special attention is paid to language sociological interpretation of P. Bourdieu. The concepts introduced by him, namely: habitus, linguistic capital, linguistic field market, practical sense characterize language development, conditioned by educational, and social status communicators’ characteristics. Under globalization polilinguism phenomenon as policultural contemporary society characteristics, actualizing socio-cultural specifics of global society members acquires special significance. Constructionism and primordialism demonstrate different points of view on polilinguism phenomenon and are used in the context of comfort and benefits of their followers. Nevertheless, these approaches coincide in recognition of this concept significance to better peoples’ lives quality. Polilinguistic habitus of a contemporary individual acquires new dispositions, adequate to global context. Polilinguistic capital functions of polilinguistic market/fields providing the access to world-wide knowledge and possibilities of getting, percepting, and producing information. Polilinguistic discourse practices most fully correspond to cyberspace social reality as information polilinguistic market at the global scale. Uneven presentation of information content in various languages eliminate democratic essence of cyberspace and becomes the obstacle for users for getting the full access to information. It is especially important for minor languages speakers. The absence or lack of polilinguistic capital leads to polilinguistic injustice and information inequality, depriving people of social lifts possibilities and provoking social conflicts. The problem resolution is seen, particularly, in introducing the thee language education model and creating information content in wider variety of languages.
Social transformations within the conditions of digital environment
Authors: Grishaeva S. A.
Published: June 2020

The digital environment is forming new social reality: the structure of society and principles of formation and functioning of social groups are being changed, identity is being blurred, as well as the labor, education and consumption markets are experiencing changes. These changes demand serious social thought. The article presents social inequality transformation issues in conditions of digitalization and its probable reasons. In particular, some of the reasons, that influence new inequity forms, are: identity bounds violation, due to technological progress affecting personal space; simultaneous existence of virtual (online) and real (offline) spaces, severely increased multiplicity of statuses (including fictional), migration virtualization, and transition of some parameters from rank to nominal, etc. Digitalization also impacts on social institutions, such as education one. For instance, part-time or full switch to online-education is gaining popularity. The article shows some researches among students about online educational programs: respondents claim that the traditional and online models should be combined. For sure, online platforms have advantage in access to variable sources, such as particular online courses, subscription to EJ, useful data bases, permanent chatting with students and professors, etc. In addition, it is assumed that the social structure of the education system that has implemented e-learning becomes less hierarchical, which is associated with the digitization of the text.
Investigation of the Textbooks Based on Problem Based Learning to Improve Student Learning Outcomes in Thematic Learning
Authors: Prabowo Maulana Agung , . Sarwanto , . Roemintoyo
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop textbooks based on problem based learning to improve learning outcomes of fourth grade elementary school students. This article is a research and development that follows the Sukmadinata research procedure. This research consists of three stages, namely the exploration phase, the development stage and the testing stage. The output of this research is problem based learning textbooks that are effective for implementation in the classroom. The application in the class shows that textbooks based on problem based learning can improve student learning outcomes in thematic learning on the theme of Beautiful Diversity in My Country. This improvement can also contribute to the success of teachers towards the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. In addition, this Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach can motivate students in the learning process while helping to understand students' concepts. Moreover, the theme we raised in research (The Beautiful Diversity in My Country) can improve students' critical thinking skills in exploring things in their own country.
Evaluation of the thermal antinociceptive effects of subcutaneous administration of butorphanol tartrate or butorphanol tartrate in a sustained-release poloxamer 407 gel formulation to orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica)
Authors: Laniesse Delphine , Sanchez-Migallon Guzman David , Smith Dale A. , Douglas Jamie M. , Mosley Cornelia , Beaufrère Hugues , Paul-Murphy Joanne
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine the thermal antinociceptive effects of butorphanol tartrate and butorphanol tartrate in a sustained-release 25% poloxamer 407 (P407) gel formulation (But-P407) in parrots.

ANIMALS

13 orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).

PROCEDURES

First, butorphanol tartrate (5 mg/kg) or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution was administered IM to birds in a randomized complete crossover design. The temperature prompting a foot withdrawal response to a thermal stimulus (ie, the thermal threshold) was determined 30 minutes before (baseline) and at various points after treatment administration. Second, But-P407 (12.5 mg/kg) or P407 was administered SC in a similar crossover design. Thermal threshold was determined before and at various points after treatment administration. Third, But-P407 (12.5 mg/kg) or saline solution was administered SC and evaluated as in the second trial. Sedation was scored immediately before each time point in all 3 trials.

RESULTS

In the first trial, a significant increase in thermal threshold was noted 30 minutes after butorphanol tartrate (vs saline solution) administration. No sedation was noted. In the second and third trials, no significant difference was identified between results for But-P407 and those for either control treatment (saline solution or P407). Mild sedation was noted in the second trial following But-P407 administration.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested a small but significant thermal antinociceptive effect of butorphanol tartrate lasting between 30 minutes and 1.5 hours in orange-winged Amazon parrots. No antinociceptive effect of butorphanol tartrate was demonstrated when delivered in P407. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential analgesic effects of But-P407.
Assessment of luteinizing hormone receptor expression in structural support tissues of canine hip and femorotibial joints
Authors: Kiefel Claire A. , Kutzler Michelle A.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs) are expressed in canine femoral head subchondral bone (FHSB), hip joint round ligament (RL), cranial cruciate ligament (CCL), and femorotibial joint synovium (FJS) specimens.

SAMPLE

1 specimen each of the FHSB, RL, CCL, and FJS obtained from the left hind limbs of 19 fresh canine cadavers.

PROCEDURES

1 section of each FHSB, RL, CCL, and FJS specimen was processed with rabbit polyclonal IgG anti-human LHR antibody, and 1 section was treated with negative control reagents. Percentage immunoexpression of LHRs in FHSB and FJS sections was analyzed by assessment of 100 bone marrow cells or synoviocytes in 3 adjacent hpf (400×). In each RL and CCL section, immunoexpression of LHRs in fibrocytes was semiquantitatively analyzed on the basis of the mean of the product of percentage staining score (from 0 [no staining] to 3 [> 50% of cells stained]) and staining intensity score (from 0 [no staining] to 2 [moderate to strong staining]) for 3 adjacent hpf.

RESULTS

All tissues examined had variable LHR expression. Expression of LHRs in FHSB, CCL, or FJS specimens did not differ between sexes or between sexually intact and gonadectomized dogs. However, RL specimens from female dogs had significantly greater LHR expression scores, compared with findings for male dogs.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that LHRs are expressed in structural support tissues of canine hip and femorotibial joints. Further research is required to determine the LHRs' function, mechanism of action, and potential contribution to the pathogenesis of hip dysplasia or CCL rupture in dogs.
Comparison of analgesic efficacy and fetal effects between transdermal administration of fentanyl and intramuscular administration of buprenorphine in pregnant sheep
Authors: Padgett Ashley L. , Lepiz Mauricio L. , Mackay Evelyn E. , Driskill Austin J. , Ivanov Ivan V. , Fajt Virginia R. , Konarik Megan M. , Mays Travis P. , Washburn Shannon E.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare analgesic efficacy and fetal effects between transdermal administration of fentanyl and IM administration of buprenorphine in pregnant sheep.

ANIMALS

12 healthy pregnant ewes.

PROCEDURES

Before study initiation, each ewe was confirmed pregnant with a single fetus between 113 and 117 days of gestation. Ewes were randomly assigned to receive buprenorphine (0.01 mg/kg, IM, q 8 h for 48 hours beginning 1 hour before anesthesia induction; n = 6) or fentanyl (a combination of transdermal fentanyl patches sufficient to deliver a dose of 2 μg of fentanyl/kg/h applied between the dorsal borders of the scapulae 24 hours before anesthesia induction; 6). Ewes were anesthetized and underwent a surgical procedure to instrument the fetus with an arterial catheter and place a catheter in utero for collection of amniotic fluid samples. Physiologic variables and behavioral changes indicative of pain were assessed, and amniotic fluid and blood samples from ewes and fetuses were collected for determination of drug concentrations at predetermined times.

RESULTS

Both protocols provided acceptable postoperative analgesia with no adverse effects observed in the ewes or fetuses. Compared with the buprenorphine protocol, the fentanyl protocol induced more profound analgesia, decreased the requirement for isoflurane during surgery, and was associated with a shorter anesthesia recovery time. Fetal indices did not differ significantly between the 2 analgesic protocols.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that both protocols provided acceptable analgesia. However, the fentanyl protocol was superior in regard to the extent of analgesia induced, inhalant-sparing effects, and anesthesia recovery time.
Pathogenesis, detection, and control of scrapie in sheep
Authors: Cassmann Eric D. , Greenlee Justin J.
Published: June 2020

In sheep, scrapie is a fatal neurologic disease that is caused by a misfolded protein called a prion (designated PrPSc). The normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) is encoded by an endogenous gene, PRNP, that is present in high concentrations within the CNS. Although a broad range of functions has been described for PrPC, its entire range of functions has yet to be fully elucidated. Accumulation of PrPSc results in neurodegeneration. The PRNP gene has several naturally occurring polymorphisms, and there is a strong correlation between scrapie susceptibility and PRNP genotype. The cornerstone of scrapie eradication programs is the selection of scrapie-resistant genotypes to eliminate classical scrapie. Transmission of classical scrapie in sheep occurs during the prenatal and periparturient periods when lambs are highly susceptible. Initially, the scrapie agent is disseminated throughout the lymphoid system and into the CNS. Shedding of the scrapie agent occurs before the onset of clinical signs. In contrast to classical scrapie, atypical scrapie is believed to be a spontaneous disease that occurs in isolated instances in older animals within a flock. The agent that causes atypical scrapie is not considered to be naturally transmissible. Transmission of the scrapie agent to species other than sheep, including deer, has been experimentally demonstrated as has the transmission of nonscrapie prion agents to sheep. The purpose of this review is to outline the current methods for diagnosing scrapie in sheep and the techniques used for studying the pathogenesis and host range of the scrapie agent. Also discussed is the US scrapie eradication program including recent updates.
STABILITAS KADAR KAROTENOID EKSTRAK BUAH PANDAN (Pandanus tectorius) PADA CAHAYA DAN SUHU PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Aryayustama Made Gabhina , Wartini Ni Made , Suwariani Ni Putu
Published: June 2020

Carotenoid extract of pandanus fruit has some deficiencies that are easily damaged by acid, light, and high temperatures. The aim of this study was to know the best treatment of light and temperature to maintain the stability of the pandanus fruit extract during storage. The experiment in this study used Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was light that consisted of two levels: dark and bright. The second factor was storage temperature that consisted of three levels: 4±3?C, 28±3?C and 45±3?C. The results showed that the treatment of 4±3?C in dark condition had the best treatment to maintain the stability of pandanus fruit extract with the smallest decrease of carotenoid 13,47% during 4 weeks of storage.

Keywords : Pandanus fruit extract, carotenoids, light, temperature, stability
KARAKTERISTIK EKSTRAK AMPAS KOPI BUBUK ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) PADA PERLAKUAN KONSENTRASI PELARUT ETANOL DAN SUHU MASERASI
Authors: Diah JuliantariD Ni Putu , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Wartini Ni Made
Published: June 2020

Coffee grounds residue are the primary waste obtained from brewed coffee. Furthermore, some reports showed that coffee grounds residues still containes of bioactive compounds like caffeine and total phenolic compounds. This study aims 1) to know the effect of ethanol solvent concentration and maceration temperature on extract characteristics of coffee grounds robusta extract, and 2) to determine the concentration of ethanol solvent and best maceration temperature to of coffee grounds robusta extract. This experiment uses Factorial Random Design with two factors. The first factor concentration of ethanol solvent consists of 3 levels: 70%, 80%, 90%. The second factor is the maceration temperature which consists of 3 levels: 45oC, 60oC, 75oC. From the above two factors obtained 9 treatment combinations, each grouped into 2 groups as 18 units of experiments. The result showed that etanol solvent concentration, maceration temperature and interaction between trearments had high significantly effect on yield extract and caffeine content. The ethanol solvent concentration treatment had a significant effect, while the treatment of the maceration temperature and the interaction between trearments had a significantly effect on the total phenol. The treatment of ethanol solvent concentration 90% and maceration temperature 60oC was the best characteristic with robusta coffee extract yield 7.87±0.05% yield, 0.70±0.01% caffeine content and total phenol 11,052.83±1,124.30 mg GAE/100g.

Keywords : Coffee, coffee ground robusta, ethanol concentration, temperature of  maceration
CRIMINAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE CULPABILITY OF LEGAL PERSONS AND COMPLIANCE PROGRAMMES
Authors: Gómez Tomillo Manuel
Published: June 2020

This article aims to investigate the culpability of legal persons, both criminal and administrative and to reach this goal we had special consideration of compliance programmes adopted prior to the commission of the administrative infringements.