bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proceso colaborativo internacional para la adaptación al contexto colombiano de los cuestionarios PCAT para usuarios
Authors: Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra , Vélez Alvarez Consuelo , Ponzo Jacqueline , Pasarín Isabel , Berra Silvina
Published: May 2018

Objetivo Obtener versiones de los cuestionarios Primary Care Assessment Tools Child Edition y Adult Edition (PCAT-CE y PCAT-AE) para evaluar las funciones de la atención primaria con equivalencia a las versiones originales y adecuación al contexto colombiano.Métodos Proceso de adaptación transcultural modificado a partir de las versiones adaptadas y validadas en español en Argentina, Uruguay y España, en consenso con la Colaboración Iberoamericana IA-PCAT.Resultados Dieciocho de 99 ítems del PCAT-CE y 31 de 112 del PCAT-AE fueron adecuados para Colombia según las versiones iberoamericanas; 76 y 73, respectivamente, requirieron cambios lingüísticos mínimos; 2 y 4 ítems, cambios mayores; 1 y 4 ítems fueron eliminados. Las entrevistas confirmaron la comprensión y permitieron mejoras.Conclusiones Se obtuvieron versiones adaptadas al sistema de salud colombiano. La metodología empleada capitalizó los resultados de otros países y puede contribuir al logro de mayor equivalencia entre instrumentos de diferentes países.
Una aproximación a la investigación en las agendas políticas del sector salud en Colombia entre 1990 y 2010
Authors: Escobar Díaz Fabio Alberto , Agudelo Calderón Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2018

Objetivo Entender la investigación en salud en Colombia como parte de agendas gubernamentales y legislativas relacionadas con el sector salud entre 1990 y 2010.Métodos Se usaron fuentes documentales oficiales como planes de desarrollo, proyectos de ley y otras publicaciones institucionales.Resultados El Gobierno Nacional, el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (MSPS) y el Congreso colombiano han puesto la atención a la investigación en salud como un problema público en diferentes periodos presidenciales debido al interés de reducir la brecha entre la investigación y las necesidades en salud. En los planes gubernamentales durante los años noventa se presentó mayor interés en la formulación de una política de Ciencia y Tecnología (CyT) en salud liderado por el MSPS, entidad que contaba con direcciones, comisiones y comités encargados de promover y planear la investigación en salud. En el Congreso, algunos proyectos de reforma al sistema de salud incluyeron iniciativas para formular una política de investigación en salud que no fueron aprobadas.Discusión La investigación en salud es reconocida como fundamental para contribuir a solucionar los problemas de salud. Sin embargo, este reconocimiento no ha sido constante por parte de los actores gubernamentales y legislativos, la institucionalidad en el sector salud ha sido precaria y no hubo insistente interés por formular una política de CyT en salud.
Inserción laboral de jóvenes y desigualdades de género en la Argentina reciente
Authors: Pérez Pablo Ernesto
Published: May 2018

El artículo examina las formas en que se expresan las desigualdades de género en las diferentes posibilidades de inserción laboral de jóvenes en Argentina durante el periodo que transcurre entre 2003 y 2014. Para ello, analizando datos cuantitativos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (2003-2014) y de la Encuesta Nacional de Jóvenes del INDEC (2014), indaga sobre los roles sociales diferenciados entre varones y mujeres, principalmente en lo vinculado a las responsabilidades familiares –las llamadas tareas de cuidado- y sus implicancias sobre las posibilidades laborales de ambos sexos. Ello permite afirmar la presencia de menores tasas de participación laboral y empleo para las mujeres como norma social y no como elección racional. En este sentido, encontramos que las desigualdades de género acentúan la inequidad en el acceso al mercado de trabajo de las jóvenes, especialmente aquellas de cuna humilde.
Facebook y Twitter: Un recorrido por las principales líneas de investigación
Authors: Montero Corrales Laura
Published: May 2018

Este artículo analiza los antecedentes y principales aportes de la investigación en redes sociales en Internet desde el campo de la Publicidad, específicamente Facebook y Twitter. Además, se detallan estudios que hablan del fenómeno desde la producción y la recepción de los mensajes, aunado a la influencia personal en medios sociales. Se pretende que el lector reflexione sobre las diferentes disciplinas que han centrado sus esfuerzos en el estudio de la prevalencia e importancia de las redes sociales en la vida moderna y el impacto que significan para la producción, recepción y circulación de la publicidad. Existe la necesidad de realizar investigaciones sobre el cambio de las estrategias publicitarias, a raíz del advenimiento de Facebook y Twitter.
Preparation, characterization and anti-ageing activity of Gastrodia elata blume polysaccharide
Authors: Chen L. , Zhang Y.P. , Jin L.X.
Published: May 2018

Gastrodia elata Blume polysaccharide (GEP) was extracted and then chemically characterised. Its antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results of the in vitro investigation show that GEP consists of glucose with molecular weight of 875 185 Da and exhibits high hydroxyl radical scavenging, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl activity and reducing capacity. For antioxidant activity in vivo, D-galactose-induced-aged mice were orally administered with three different doses of GEP over a period of 6 weeks. The administration of GEP dosedependently increased the body weight gain rates, liver and brain indices, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and malondialdehyde levels in the sera and brains of ageing mice. These results suggest that GEP exhibits high antioxidant activity and can retard human ageing associated with free radicals.
Software Review: Mango Conversations—Japanese for English Speakers
Authors: McMeekin Abigail
Published: May 2018

Language Learning Software (tutorial, drill and practice, pronunciation assessment)
Software Review: Son pour Son: Programme d’entraînement à la prononciation française
Authors: Ibarrondo Ludovic
Published: May 2018

Workbook and software for pronunciation training
Giving and receiving advice in computer-mediated peer response activities
Authors: Tsai Mei-Hsing , Kinginger Celeste
Published: May 2018

In synchronous computer-mediated contexts, peer-to-peer interaction at the micro-level has received little scrutiny.1 In applying a conversation analysis approach, this study scrutinizes the precise nature of peer-to-peer advice giving and receiving. In this process, an advice giver can be viewed at certain moments as more competent to evaluate a recipient’s essay and to provide advice, while the recipient can be positioned as being less knowledgeable. Therefore, the present study focuses on the following research question: How did advice givers and recipients mange the asymmetrical participant roles inherent in L2 peer response? More specifically, this study explores the relationship between institutional roles and social relationships during advising episodes by investigating three single cases of dyadic pairs in an ESL university writing classroom. We show the ambiguity arising in interactions as novice advice givers attempt to balance criticism with the maintenance of harmonious interpersonal relationships, offering compliments rather than straightforward advice.
An analysis of social network websites for language learning: Implications for teaching and learning English as a Second Language
Authors: Liu Min , Abe Kana , Cao Mengwen , Liu Sa , Ok Duygu U. , Park Jeong-bin , Parrish Claire Meadows , Sardegna Veronica G.
Published: May 2018

Although educators are excited about the potential of social network sites for language learning (SNSLL), there is a lack of understanding of how SNSLL can be used to facilitate teaching and learning for English as Second language (ESL) instructors and students. The purpose of this study was to examine the affordances of four selected SNSLL (LingQ, Lang-8, italki, and Polyglotclub) through site design and user experience from two perspectives: Using the sites as a language teacher through site analyses and using the sites as a language learner through usability testing. The findings showed that these sites have the potential to facilitate language learning. The learning tasks created using the social networking features of these sites are to provide examples of how to use these SNSLL as teaching tools under a socio-constructivist learning framework. In addition, the results of the usability testing highlighted the importance of considering the website’s information, interface, and interaction designs. SNSLL should be as easy to use and as intuitive to navigate as possible. We hope the findings will provide valuable insights regarding how SNSLL can be used as teaching and learning tools, and how they should be designed to facilitate pedagogical goals.
Enhancing L2 Reading Comprehension with Hypermedia Texts: Student Perceptions
Authors: Garrett-Rucks Paula , Howles Les , Lake William M.
Published: May 2018

This study extends current research about L2 hypermedia texts by investigating the combined use of audiovisual features including: (a) Contextualized images, (b) roll-over translations, (c) cultural information, (d) audio explanations and (e) comprehension check exercises. Specifically, student perceptions of hypermedia readings compared to traditional print texts are investigated in this study to address theoretical concerns that the combined use of multiple audiovisual annotations might split learners’ attention from their reading comprehension. Additionally, student perceptions of the usefulness of the annotation features afforded by the hypermedia texts were investigated. Data were collected from 70 French language learners across four intermediate and advanced French courses at a large Midwestern research university. Participants in each course were assigned hypermedia readings, each of which being paired with an analogous traditional print reading of the same genre, with a similar word count and reading difficulty level, followed by a format preference survey. Results from data analysis of the format preference surveys showed statistically significant differences for user preference of the hypermedia texts and a user belief that the hypermedia format facilitated reading comprehension with less effort than print readings. Research findings about the reported usefulness of the annotation features are situated within Mayer’s (2005) cognitive theory of multimedia learning. Directions for future research into the optimal design of hypermedia texts are discussed.
Interlanguage Pragmatics, Curricular Innovation, and Digital Technologies
Authors: Sykes Julie M.
Published: May 2018

Human interaction is fundamentally about shared understanding, created when interlocutors engage with one another around their own intended meaning and the intended meaning of others. Pragmatics is at the core of this interaction. The fields of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and the teaching and learning of interlanguage pragmatics (ILP) have grown up together. These fields have sometimes been at odds, but, more often than not, they have drawn on synergies from one another to advance. Emerging digital tools have made notable innovations in the field of ILP development possible, and, simultaneously, the needs of ILP researchers and practitioners have led to technological innovation. This article explores these advancements through a synthesis of key research in the field of technology-mediated teaching and learning of ILP in five core areas – curricular materials, classroom interventions, telecollaboration, research methodologies, and expanding pragmatic practices.
The Trouble with “Evolution of Religion”
Authors: Barrett Justin L.
Published: May 2018

The Trouble with “Evolution of Religion”
Human Nature and the Sociology of Religion
Authors: Høgh-Olesen Henrik
Published: May 2018

Human Nature and the Sociology of Religion
Wnt10b and Wnt3a AS BIOMARKERS OF CHANGES IN THE REGULATION OF BONE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH CUSHING’S DISEASE
Authors: Grebennikova T. A. , Belaya Z. E. , Solodovnikov A. G. , Ilyin A. V. , Nikankina L. V. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: May 2018

Background: Endogenous hypercortisolism due to Cushing’s disease (CD) is complicated by low-traumatic fractures in 50% of cases. Modern technologies allow to study pathogenetic changes in the regulation of bone remodeling in hypercortisolism and to offer new serum biomarkers.Aims: To evaluate levels of Wnt proteins related to bone remodeling regulation in serum samples from patients with CD.Materials and methods: Fasting serum samples were taken and stored in aliquot at ≤-80 °C from 42 consecutive subjects with clinically evident and biochemically confirmed active CD and 42 healthy volunteers matched by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Evaluation of the levels of Wnt proteins (Wnt3a, Wnt10b) was measured by immunochemiluminescence assay using the WNT3a SEL818Hu (USCN) and the WNT10b SEP553Hu (USCN). Twenty-four hours urine free cortisol (24hUFC) (60−413 nmol/24h) and bone turnover markers was measured by electrochemiluminescence assay on a Cobas 6000 Module e601 (Roche). At the time of enrollment all participants were questioned regarding any low traumatic fractures for the period of the disease. Patients underwent standard spinal radiographs in anterior-posterior and lateral positions of the vertebrae Th4−L4 (Axiom Icons R200 Siemens).Results: The median (Ме Q25; Q75) age of patients with CD was 33 (21; 43) years with no difference among the groups, p=0.936; BMI ― 29 (23; 34) kg/m2, p=0.094 and without differences by sex, p=0.254. The median 24hUFC in subjects with CD ― 825 (301; 2077) nmol/24h was significantly higher as compared to the control group (p0.001). We report increased levels of Wnt3a and Wnt10b in patients with CD: Wnt3а 0.15 (0.04; 0.23) ng/ml in patients with CD vs 0,04 (0.01; 0.13) ng/ml in control group (p=0.017) and Wnt10b 2621 (2226; 3688) pg/ml vs 1917 (1721; 2549) pg/ml (p=0.008).Conclusions: The serum level of Wnt3a and Wnt10b reflects the intensity of Wnt-signaling dysregulation, and therefore they may be considered as biomarkers of bone remodeling deterioration in hypercortisolism.
PROSPECTIVE RESEARCH OF HEMOSTASIS DISORDERS IN THE I PHASE OF SERIOUS ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Vinnik Y. S. , Dunaevskaya S. S. , Antufrieva D. A.
Published: May 2018

Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common surgical abdominal diseases. The development of trypsin autoaggression which provokes hemostasis disorders play significant role for pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis. The study of biochemical hemostasis-related markers and general homocysteine as a marker of endothelium damage at acute pancreatitis and their influence on development of heavy complications of the I phase of a disease is actual and relevant task. These complications are the reason for about 40% of lethal outcomes.Aims: To study hemostasis disorders and homocysteine as marker of damage of endothelial cells in patients with acute pancreatitis during the initial period of a disease depending on disease severity, the volume of injury of a pancreas, and development of complications.Materials and methods: 127 patients who were divided into two groups: with severe AP and not severe AP. We investigated variables and indicators of hemostasis system: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), international normalized ratio (INR) fibrinogen, and homocysteine.Results: The most expressed hemostasis disorders and level of the general homocysteine were registered on 3rd day from the disease onset. On the 7th day, the tendency to decrease in indexes of a coagulative link of a hemostasis and decrease in level of the general homocysteine was registered in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. There were correlative communications of high and average degree between the volume of a pancreatonecrosis and violation of a hemostasis on 3rd day from the disease onset, and the level of the general homocysteine rS=0.94 (p1=0.001). In patients with severe pancreatitis, systemic complications of different degree of expressiveness were observed in 69.57% of cases. There were average and high correlations between violation of system of a hemostasis on the 3rd day and systemic complications development, as well as high direct correlation between increase in level of the general homocysteine and systemic complications development rS=0.77, p1=0.001.Conclusions: Hemostasis disorders and the level of general homocysteine correlated with volume of pancreas and retroperitoneal cellular tissue affection and system complications development at the 1-th phase of severe acute pancreatitis.
THE USE OF SYNTHETIC IMAGES FOR SOLVING THE CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM BY THE EXAMPLE OF LUNG CANCER DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Gundyrev I. A. , Bel'skaya L. V. , Kosenok V. K. , Sarf E. A.
Published: May 2018

Background: From a mathematical point of view, the problems of medical diagnostics are the tasks of data classification. It is important to understand how significant distortions can contribute to the result of classification errors in the collection of primary diagnostic information, in particular, the results of biochemical tests.Aims: Determination of the dependence of the prediction result on the variability of the primary diagnostic information on the example of the model classifier.Materials and methods: The case-control study enrolled patients who were divided into 2 groups: the main (diagnosed with lung cancer, n=200) and the control group (conditionally healthy, n=500). Questioning and biochemical saliva study was performed in all participants. Patients of the main group and the comparison group were hospitalized for surgical treatment, after which carried out the histological verification of the diagnosis. The biochemical composition of saliva is determined spectrophotometrically. Based on the data obtained, a model classifier for the diagnosis of lung cancer (a random forest) has been constructed. In each parameter underlying the classifier, deviations were made in the specified range (±1–5%, ±5–10%, ±10–15%), creating synthetic images. Then, the results of the classification were evaluated by the cross-validation method.Results: The basic diagnostic characteristics of the model classifier are determined (sensitivity ― 72.5%, specificity ― 86.0%). As the deviations of synthetic images from the baseline increase, diagnostic characteristics deteriorate with the general classification. However, the result of a confident classification, on the contrary, gives higher values (sensitivity ― 81.8%, specificity ― 93.1%). In case of a confident classification, similar images that fall into different classes according to the classification results are deleted, whereas in the case of a general classification, they are taken into account. The difference between methods of classification is associated with the presence of images on which the classifier gives the result of belonging to the class in the range of 0.45–0.55. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a third class into the classifier, the so-called gray zone (0.4–0.6), since the probability of making an erroneous diagnosis in this area is significantly increased.Conclusions: The obtained results allow to conclude that the measurement error in the range (±1–15%) does not significantly affect the quality of the classification.
Educational technology: a facilitating instrument for the elderly care
Authors: Cardoso Rachel da Silva Serejo , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Domingos Ana Maria , Sabóia Vera Maria , Maia Tauan Nunes , Padilha Joviria Marcia Ferreira de Oliveira , Nogueira Glycia de Almeida
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop educational technology with caregivers of older people based on the needs, difficulties and concerns related to the elderly care expressed by the caregivers themselves. Method: Research of qualitative nature, with participant observation, based on concepts used by Paulo Freire. Data collection and analysis used the “World Cafe” methodology and the thematic content analysis, respectively. Result: The needs of these caregivers refer to their training and information on aging. The difficulties highlighted are deterrents to quality assistance to older adults, such as: insufficient resources, environmental factor and relationship with the family. The interests are evident in relation to the care and to its more subjective relationship. Final considerations: Educational technologies, printed matter and media, developed along with the caregivers, contribute to orientation and information of caregiver, population and professionals as facilitating instruments, regarding elderly care.
Influence of the limitation of axillary bud growth on grain and oil yield of castor bean hybrids
Authors: Fioreze Samuel Luiz , Lara-Fioreze Ana Carolina da Costa , Pivetta Laerte Gustavo , Rodrigues João Domingos , Zanotto Mauricio Dutra
Published: May 2018

RESUMO Redução no ciclo e uniformidade na maturação de frutos são características desejadas para a colheita mecanizada da cultura da mamona. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar o efeito da limitação do crescimento secundário sobre o crescimento e os parâmetros produtivos da mamona. O experimento de campo foi conduzido entre fevereiro e maio de 2012, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados e esquema fatorial 2x2, com quatro repetições. Dois híbridos de mamona (Híbrido 12 e Híbrido 18) foram cultivados em duas formas de condução: (i) plantas sem nenhuma limitação ao crescimento e (ii) plantas com limitação do crescimento secundário do caule (poda e desbaste). A limitação do crescimento secundário das plantas resultou em maior partição de assimilados para o racemo primário das plantas, promovendo maior número e massa de grãos. Como resultado, plantas com apenas o racemo primário apresentaram produtividade de grãos equivalente a plantas que cresceram sem limitações. A produtividade de óleo em plantas com apenas o racemo primário foi equivalente a plantas testemunha para o Híbrido 12 e superiores para o Híbrido 18, com a vantagem da obtenção de plantas com maturação uniforme.
Comportamento de gemas dormentes de videira ‘bordô’ em Pinhais, Paraná
Authors: Fowler João Guilherme , Margoti Gislâine , Biasi Luiz Antonio
Published: May 2018

RESUMO O mecanismo fisiológico da dormência de gemas de espécies frutíferas temperadas ainda não foi totalmente esclarecido, sendo esse conhecimento importante para se entender melhor o comportamento das plantas em diferentes climas. Este experimento teve por objetivo caracterizar a dinâmica de brotação de gemas de videira cv. Bordô, por meio do teste biológico de nós isolados e do teste do tetrazólio. O experimento foi realizado com a coleta quinzenal de ramos de videira, nos meses de maio e agosto, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, em parreiral localizado em Pinhais, PR. Com os ramos coletados, instalaram-se o teste biológico (para obtenção do tempo médio de brotação, da taxa final de brotação, da taxa de brotações vigorosas e da velocidade de brotação) e o teste do tetrazólio (para verificar a taxa respiratória de gemas). Foram analisados o teor de umidade e a umidade ponderal das gemas. Os resultados foram significativos para todos os parâmetros, exceto para a taxa de brotações vigorosas. Concluiu-se que a endodormência de gemas do cv. Bordô é mais intensa durante o mês de maio e que o teste do tetrazólio apresenta alta correlação com os dados do teste biológico, mostrando ser um bom método para a análise da dormência de fruteiras de clima temperado. O teor de umidade também variou conforme a atividade respiratória, sendo maior em épocas de maior atividade metabólica.
Apoio matricial em Saúde Mental na atenção básica: efeitos na compreensão e manejo por parte de agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: Amaral Carlos Eduardo Menezes , Torrenté Mônica de Oliveira Nunes de , Torrenté Maurice de , Moreira Carolina Pinheiro
Published: May 2018

O apoio matricial (AM) é um dispositivo pedagógico-assistencial utilizado, sobretudo, para aumentar a resolutividade da atenção primária à saúde, possuindo considerável difusão na Saúde Mental. Esse estudo avaliou os efeitos do AM em Saúde Mental em uma unidade de saúde da família (USF) em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. A pesquisa utilizou observação participante e entrevistas com 12 agentes comunitários de saúde, analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo temática. Identificamos efeitos em quatro dimensões: a) mudanças na atitude dos profissionais; b) ampliação do acesso aos serviços; c) desenvolvimento de novas práticas de cuidado; d) aumento da resolutividade. O AM produziu mudanças na compreensão e prática dos profissionais, assim como mudanças organizacionais na USF e em sua relação com a rede de serviços, evidenciando o AM como uma intervenção efetiva na qualificação da atenção à Saúde Mental.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DE HELMINTOS GASTRINTESTINAIS EM BÚFALOS
Authors: Bier Daniele , Teruya Letícia e Silva , Borges Dyego Gonçalves Lino , Neves Juliana Paniago Lordello , Santos Larissa Berreza dos , Borges Fernando de Almeida
Published: May 2018

Resumo Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a prevalência e a sazonalidade da infecção natural por parasitos gastrintestinais em bubalinos de aptidão leiteira de diferentes categorias, no município de Bandeirantes, Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram avaliados 41 búfalos da raça Murrah, divididos em três categorias, sendo 11 lactentes, com idade de 0 a 8 meses, 10 desmamados, de 8 a 18 meses, e 20 fêmeas adultas com idade superior a 18 meses. Os animais adultos apresentaram-se livres de parasitismo ou com carga parasitária muito baixa. A categoria lactente apresentou pico de contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG=2038) em novembro, quando a precipitação acumulada foi de 69,3 mm e a temperatura 25,95 ºC, enquanto a menor contagem de ovos (167) ocorreu em maio, dois meses após pico de 234,68 mm e 20,59 ºC. Os búfalos desmamados apresentaram dois picos de OPG, de 1288 e 875, em setembro e junho, com precipitação de 41,45 e 18,4 mm e temperatura de 24,16 e 20,69 ºC, respectivamente. Foi observada correlação significativa (p=0,01) e negativa (r=-0,33) entre o OPG dos bezerros lactentes e precipitação pluviométrica. Os parasitos gastrintestinais mais frequentes foram Haemonchus sp. e Cooperia sp.
Early selection and classification of yerba mate progênies
Authors: Wendling Ivar , Sturion José Alfredo , Stuepp Carlos André , Reis Cristiane Aparecida Fioravante , Ramalho Magno Antonio Patto , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de
Published: May 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of early selection of open-pollinated yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) progenies, and to classify the best parents and candidates for clones. The germplasm is composed of 140 progenies collected from areas within the natural distribution of the species in Southern Brazil and a commercial genotype (control). The experiment was established in Ivaí, in the state of Paraná, Brazil, in March 1997, in randomized complete blocks, with ten replicates, and linear plots of six plants. The commercial mass (kg per plant) of leaves and branches smaller than 7 mm was harvested at 2.5, 4.5, 6.5, and 18.7 years of age. The statistical evaluation was performed using the mixed model procedure with restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction, using the Selegen software. High selective accuracy, significant progeny effects, and genetic variability for commercial mass production were observed for the four harvesting ages. The application of early selection for leaf mass production is feasible for yerba mate progenies harvested at 6.5 years. The selection of the best trees, either for use as parents or as candidates for cloning, provides significant gains for the genetic breeding of yerba mate.
Phase II Study of Irinotecan Plus Panitumumab as Second-Line Therapy for Patients with Advanced Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yoon Harry , Karapetyan Lilit , Choudhary Anita , Kosozi Ramla , Bali Gurvinder Singh , Zaidi Ali H. , Atasoy Ajlan , Forastiere Arlene A. , Gibson Michael K.
Published: May 2018

Lesson Learned

Panitumumab plus irinotecan is not active for the treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Background

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a lethal cancer with increasing incidence. Panitumumab (Pa) is a fully humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody against human EGFR. Cetuximab (Cx) combined with irinotecan (Ir) is active for second-line treatment of colorectal cancer. This phase II study was designed to evaluate Pa plus Ir as second-line therapy for advanced EAC.

Methods

The primary endpoint was response rate (RR). Patients with one prior treatment were given Pa 9 mg/m2 on day 1 and Ir 125 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle. Inclusion criteria were confirmed EAC, measurable disease, no prior Ir or Pa, performance status <2, and normal organ function.

Results

Twenty-four patients were enrolled; 18 were eligible and evaluable. These patients were all white, with a median age of 62.5 years (range, 33–79 years), and included 15 men and 3 women. The median number of cycles was 3.5. The most common grade 1–2 adverse events were fatigue, diarrhea, anemia, leukopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. Grade 3–4 adverse events included hematologic, gastrointestinal, electrolyte, rash, fatigue, and weight loss. The median follow-up was 7.2 months (range, 2.3–14 months). There were no complete remissions. The partial response rate was 6% (1/18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.26). The clinical benefit (partial response [PR] plus stable disease [SD]) rate was 50%. The median overall survival was 7.2 months (95% CI, 4.1–8.9) with an 11.1% 1-year survival rate. The median progression-free survival was 2.9 months (95% CI, 1.6–5.3).

Conclusion

Irinotecan and panitumumab as second-line treatment for advanced EAC are not active.
Personalized Symptom Goals and Patient Global Impression on Clinical Changes in Advanced Cancer Patients
Authors: Mercadante Sebastiano , Adile Claudio , Lanzetta Gaetano , Mystakidou Kyriaki , Maltoni Marco , Guilherme Soares Luiz , De Santis Stefano , Ferrera Patrizia , Valenti Marco , Rosati Marta , Rossi Romina , Cortegiani Andrea , Masedu Francesco , Marinangeli Franco , Aielli Federica
Published: May 2018

Background

The aim of this study was to assess the patients’ global impression (PGI) after symptom management, as well as the achievement of personalized symptom goals (PSG). The secondary outcome was to assess related factors.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

Advanced cancer patients admitted to palliative care units rated symptom intensity by using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Score (ESAS) at admission and then after 1 week. For each symptom, patient-reported PGI and PSG, as well as the rate of PSG response, were evaluated.

Results

Eight hundred seventy-six patients were taken into consideration for this study. A mean of 1.71–2.16 points was necessary to perceive a bit better improvement of symptom intensity. Most patients had a PSG of ≤3. A statistically significant number of patients achieved their PSG after starting palliative care. Patients with high intensity of ESAS items at admission achieved a more favorable PGI response. In the multivariate analysis, symptom intensity and PSG were the most frequent factors independently associated to a best PGI, whereas high levels of Karnofsky had a lower odd ratio.

Conclusion

PSG and PGI seem to be relevant for patients’ assessment and decision-making process, translating in terms of therapeutic intervention. Some factors may be implicated in determining the individual target and clinical response.

Implications for Practice

Personalized symptom goals and global impression of change are relevant for patients’ assessment and decision-making process, translating in terms of therapeutic intervention. Some factors may be implicated in determining the individual target and clinical response.
What the word ‘partnership’ conjoins, and what it does
Authors: Taylor Janelle S.
Published: May 2018

This essay proposes that ‘global health partnership’ might usefully be conceived as a boundary object, in that the term’s capacity to encompass widely divergent and incompatible understandings, and to facilitate mutual misunderstandings, is a crucial part of how it ‘works’ in the world to help bring together assemblages of people and organizations across great distances and steep gradients of inequality.
Cobalt diplomacy in Cambodia
Authors: Chhem Rethy
Published: May 2018

n/a
Methods of injury surveillance in international cricket
Authors: Orchard J
Published: May 2018

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To What Extent Do Parents of Montessori-Educated Children “Do Montessori” at Home? Preliminary Findings and Future Directions
Authors: Walls Jill K.
Published: May 2018

Few, if any, empirical studies have explicitly examined the home environments of Montessori-educated children, and specifically whether or not Montessori parents reinforce or undermine their children’s Montessori education at home. With a sample of 30 parents of Montessori-educated toddlers and preschoolers attending a private Montessori school in the Midwest, this cross-sectional study examined Montessori parents’ knowledge of Montessori methods and their parenting beliefs and behaviors at home. Results suggested that Montessori parents from the targeted school were knowledgeable about and valued Montessori methods, even though few had a Montessori education themselves. Parents in this sample varied in their parenting behaviors and choices at home, with some parents who intentionally reinforced Montessori principles and others whose behaviors were inconsistent with a Montessori approach. Findings from this preliminary study provide a first glimpse into the beliefs and behaviors of Montessori parents from which future studies can build upon. Montessori educators and administrators will benefit from future research involving Montessori parents, particularly for those who offer Montessori-based parent education sessions to the families they serve.
Cryopreservation of labyrinthulomycetes in trehalose v1
Authors: Collier Jackie
Published: May 2018

This method adapted from instructions provided by Daiske Honda, Konan University.
New Procedure of Raw Illumina MiSeq Data Filtering For the Amplicon Metagenomic Libraries
Authors: Bukin Yu.S. , Buzoleva L.S. , Golozubova Y.S. , Galachyants Yu.P.
Published: May 2018

In this paper we present an algorithm to filter amplicon paired-end NGS raw data which is used to capture genetic and taxonomic diversity of communities of unicellular microorganisms.
The suggested approach allows one to overcome the issue of massive data loss during filtration of raw sequences and increases the static representativeness of analyzed amplicons.
Furthermore, an unequal elimination of sequences belonging to different taxonomic groups was shown to occur if one applies standard trimming methods based on filtration of quality of raw reads,
for instance, using sliding window approach. This bias may result in a skew of taxon counts and depletion of taxonomic diversity of analyzed communities. The suggested method
does not introduce the errors of this kind. The implementation of the algorithm on R programming language as well as a number of example files for analysis is available
at https://github.com/barnsys/metagenomic_analysis.
Dağ kekiği (Origanum syriacum L. var. bevanii (Holmes) Ietswaart)’nin mikroçoğaltımı
Authors: TÜRKER A. Haluk , HATİPOĞLU Rüştü
Published: May 2018

Bu araştırmada, Origanum syriacum L. var. bevanii türünün doku kültürü (in vitro) yöntemiyle mikroçoğaltımı için rejenerasyon protokolünün belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, donör bitkilerden alınan çeşitli eksplantlar (yaprak diski, sap boğumu, tepe ve yan tomurcuk), 2,4-Diklorofenoksi Asetik Asit (2,4-D) veya Naftalen Asetik Asit (NAA) (0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75 ve 1,0 mg/l ) ve 6-Benzil Amino Pürin (BAP) veya Furfuryladenine (Kinetin) (0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ve 2,0 mg/l) bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin tek başına ve farklı konsantrasyonda kombinasyonları ilave edilen Murashige ve Skoog (MS) temel besi ortamında kültüre alınmıştır. Kültürler, 4-6 haftalık kültür süresi sonunda indüksiyon ortamıyla aynı içeriğe sahip alt kültür ortamlarına aktarılmış ve daha sonra da 2,4-D veya NAA (0; 0,1 ve 0,25 mg/l) ve BAP veya Kinetin (0,25; 0,5 ve 1,0 mg/l) ile kombine edilen farklı konsantrasyondaki rejenerasyon ortamlarına aktarılmıştır. Sürgünlerin köklendirilmesi amacıyla büyüme düzenleyici içermeyen ½MS ortamı kullanılmıştır.Araştırma sonucunda, çoğul sürgün oluşumu ve fide üretimi için tepe ve yan tomurcuk eksplantlarının en uygun eksplant olduğu ve tek başına 1,5 mg/l BAP ilave edilen MS ortamının en uygun ortam olduğu belirlenmiştir. BAP ortamında gelişen sürgünlerin köklendirilmesinde ½MS ortamı başarılı olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, 1,0 mg/l NAA ilave edilen indüksiyon ortamında köklü tek sürgünler elde edilmiştir. En yüksek sürgün rejenerasyon oranı (eksplant başına ortalama 36,0 adet sürgün) ve köklenme oranı (% 81,2); 1,5 mg/l BAP ilave edilen ortamda kültüre alınan yan tomurcuk eksplantlarından elde edilmiştir.
Produção escrita em sala de aula de alfabetização: estratégias didáticas em torno do texto e contribuições às aprendizagens das crianças
Authors: Assis Évelin , Piccoli Luciana
Published: May 2018

O processo de produção escrita em sala de aula de alfabetização, aliado ao desenvolvimento de estratégias didáticas em torno do texto, pode oportunizar aprendizagens de leitura, escrita e oralidade às crianças. Este artigo apresenta parte de uma pesquisa realizada acerca desse tema, visando demonstrar, através do estabelecimento de relações entre as propostas pedagógicas, estratégias didáticas e o campo conceitual do Interacionismo Linguístico, como tais aprendizagens produziram algumas marcas textuais nos escritos das crianças de uma sala de aula de alfabetização de um 2º ano da rede municipal de Porto Alegre.
Espetacularização da carreira docente: Prêmio Professores do Brasil como prática da economia da educação
Authors: Ferreira Maurício Dos Santos , Costa Marisa Vorraber
Published: May 2018

Apresentação de um estudo sobre reconhecimento social docente, cujo objetivo foi analisar e colocar sob escrutínio o Prêmio Professores do Brasil, organizado pelo Ministério da Educação e seus parceiros. A partir da análise das 7ª e 8ª edições do certame (2013 e 2014), defende-se que se trata de uma experiência profissional que enfatiza a espetacularização da carreira docente. Ferramentas como governamentalidade e práticas de si, desenvolvidas por Foucault, possibilitaram perceber que o Prêmio engendra o que denominamos subjetividade docente superlativa. Nesse processo, o fazer docente restringe-se aos princípios da economia da educação.
Konversi Ikan Asin Menjadi Nugget Berserat Pangan dengan Mencampurkan Ampas Tahu dan Beberapa Jenis Binder
Authors: Hardoko Hardoko , Sasmito Bambang Budi , Puspitasari Yunita Eka , Lilyani Nyimas
Published: May 2018

Ikan asin merupakan produk tradisional yang tingkat konsumsi dan popularitasnya menurun, sehingga perlu dikembangkan menjadi produk pangan fungsional dengan memanfaatkan sumber serat yang kurang termanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis dan konsentrasi bahan pengikat pada pembuatan nugget ikan asin berserat pangan dengan memanfaatkan ampas tahu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RALF) dengan faktor pertama adalah perbedaan jenis tepung sebagai binder (tepung maizena, tepung tapiokadan tepung terigu) dan faktor kedua adalahkonsentrasi tepung (10%, 20%, 30%) terhadap berat daging ikan dan ampas tahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis tepung tidak berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik dan organoleptik nugget, tetapi interaksi antara jenis dan konsentrasi tepung berpengaruh pada rendemen, tekstur, kadar air dan tingkat kesukaan nugget ikan asin. Tepung maizena, tepung tapioka maupun tepung terigu dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengikat nugget. Nugget ikan asin terpilih adalah nugget dengan bahan pengikat tepung tapioka konsentrasi 30%. dengan nilai tekstur 14,30 Newton (secara organoleptik agak empuk), kadar air 27,48%, kadar protein 6,88%, kadar lemak 5,84%, kadar abu 2,31%, serat pangan 9,30%, karakteristik organoleptik agak berrasa asin dengan aroma ikan asin dan secara keseluruhan disukaii panelis.
Efek Penambahan Suspensi Nanokitosan pada Edible Coating terhadap Aktivitas Antibakteri
Authors: Rochima Emma , Fiyanih Elisah , Afrianto Eddy , Joni I Made , Subhan Ujang , Panatarani Camellia
Published: May 2018

Edible coating atau edible film didefinisikan sebagai lapisan tipis yang dapat dikonsumsi dan berfungsi melindungi makanan dari kerusakan akibat kelembaban, oksigen, dan perpindahan zat terlarut. Komponen penyusun edible coating dapat dibedakan menjadi tiga jenis yaitu hidrokoloid, lipid dan komposit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan edible coating berbasis karaginan-pati termodifikasi dengan penambahan suspensi nanokitosan hasil proses beads-milling sebagai bahan antibakteri dan aplikasinya pada buah strowberi. Suspensi edible dibuat dengan mengkombinasikan karaginan jenis kappa dengan pati termodifikasi dan penambahan larutan nanokitosan sebesar 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, dan 2% (v/v). Pengujian antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode zona hambat dan efek dari penggunaan edible coating ditentukan melalui susut bobot buah strawberry. Karakteristik edible coating yaitu ketebalan dan tingkat transparansi diukur dengan cara mencetak edible pada plat plastik sehingga membentuk film. Penambahan suspensi nanokitosan 1% v/v pada larutan edible cukup efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus,hal ini terbukti setelah satu minggu, susut bobot buah strowberi yang dipapar dengan E.coli 6,13% lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan S.aureus  sebesar 6,26%.  Suspensi edible memiliki
ketebalan 0,065 mm dengan tingkat transparansi sebesar 82,56. sesuai standar Chroma Meter.
KUR’ÂN’DA KIYAMET İSİMLERİ
Authors: ÇAKIR Numan
Published: May 2018

Kıyametin kopması sırasındaki kozmolojik değişiklikler, kıyametin safhaları
ve o esnada mahlûkatın karşılaşacağı dehşetli hadiseler, Kur’an’da sayısı
yüzleri aşan çok değişik ve etkileyici üsluplar taşıyan ayetlerde ele alınmıştır.
Kıyamet, Kur’an’da isim
tamlaması olarak yetmiş yerde “kıyâmet
günü” şeklinde zikredilmekle beraber farklı isimlerle de anılmıştır. Kur’an’da
kıyamet hakkında ğâşiye (mahlûkatı saran ve kuşatan), hâkka (mutlaka
gerçekleşecek olan), kâri’a (dehşetiyle insanları çarpan), en-nebeü’l-azîm
(büyük haber), saat, sâhha (kulakları sağır eden dehşetli ses), et-tâmmetü’l-kübrâ
(her şeye baskın gelenbüyük felaket), vâkıa (kesin olarak gerçekleşecek olan) vb.
isimler ile “el-yevmü’l-âhir”, “yevmü’d-dîn” gibi yevm zaman zarfıyla
oluşturulan birçok isim kullanılmıştır. Biz de bu makalemizde Kur’an’da kıyamet
hakkında kullanılan isimleri tespit edip bu isimlerin ona niçin verildiği
üzerinde duracağız.
HAVF VE HAŞYET KAVRAMLARININ KUR’ÂN’DAKİ SEMANTİK ANLAMI
Authors: Nair Ahmet
Published: May 2018

Korku (havf), insanın
Allah katındaki durumu hakkında hissettiği korku ve kaygıları ifade etmek üzere
kullanılan bir kavramdır. Sadece “Havf ” kelimesiyle yaklaşık 125 ayette
işlenmekte olan bu mevzu, müteradifi olan haşyet kavramıyla Kur’ân’da korkunun
en çok ifade edildiği kavramlar olarak yer almaktadır. Dünyevî ve uhrevî
korkular başta olmak üzere peygamberler de dâhil, beşer olarak insan için söz
konusu olan bütün korku türleri farklı ayetlerde Kur’ân’da yer almıştır. Öte
yandan güven anlamındaki “Emn” ve umut anlamındaki “Recâ” kavramları da
korkunun zıddı olarak çalışmamızda yer verilen hususlardandır. Dünya ve ahiret
dengesini gözeten İslâm dini, mensuplarına daima korku ve ümit arasında olmayı
(beyne’l-havfi ve’r-recâ) tavsiye etmektedir. Makale Kur'ân'da geçen belli
kökler üzerinden korkunun semantik analizini yapmayı hedeflemektedir.
Is Spacetime Non-metric?
Authors: Roberts Mark D.
Published: May 2018

If one assumes higher dimensions and that dimensional reduction from higher dimensions produces scalar-tensor theory and also that Palatini variation is the correct method of varying scalar-tensor theory then spacetime is nonmetric. Palatini variation of Jordan frame lagrangians gives an equation relating the dilaton to the object of non-metricity and hence the existence of the dilaton implies that the spacetime connection is more general than that given soley by the Christoffel symbol of general relativity. Transferring from Jordan to Einstein frame, which connection, lagrangian, field equations and stress conservation equations occur are discussed: it is found that the Jordan frame has more information, this can be expressed in several ways, the simplest is that the extra information corresponds to the function multiplying the Ricci scalar in the action. The Einstein frame has the advantages that stress conservation implies no currents and that the field equations are easier to work with. This is illustrated by application to Robertson-Walker spacetime.
Ultimate Load Capacity of Optimal Designed Angelina™ Beams
Authors: Erdal Ferhat , Tunca Osman , Tas Serkan , Carbas Serdar
Published: May 2018

This study briefly summarizes the results of experimental tests performed on optimal designed Angelina™ steel beams. The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of hole geometry on the mode of failure and ultimate strength of such beams under loading conditions. For this purpose, six optimal designed Angelina™ beams are tested in a self-reacting frame to determine the ultimate load carrying capacities of these new generation web-expanded beams. The specimens were all fabricated from IPN beams and were expanded to almost 1.5 times the original depth. All specimens were fabricated from ASTM A-36 steel. The design methods for the specimens will be the harmony search algorithm and particle swarm method which are stochastic search techniques. The minimum weight is taken as the design objective while the design constraints are implemented from the SCI (Steel Construction Institute). Design constraints include the displacement limitations, overall beam flexural capacity, beam shear capacity, overall beam buckling strength, web post flexure and buckling, vierendeel bending of upper and lower tees and local buckling of compression flange. The design methods adopted in this publication are consistent with BS5950.
ADAPTABILIDADE DE DIFERENTES CULTIVARES DE MILHO SUBMETIDAS ÀS CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS DO NORDESTE DO PARÁ
Authors: Alves Camila Sampaio Leal Patez , Amaral Vinicius Masala , Cuzzuol Leticia Bezerra , Santos Núbia De Fátima Alves , Melo Márcio Roberto da Silva , De Souza Vitor Quintela , Birani Sannah Mohamad Birani Mohamad , Borges Luciana Da Silva
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho e adaptabilidade de diferentes cultivares de milho, comerciais e não comerciais submetidos às condições climáticas de Dom Eliseu, no nordeste do Pará. O experimento foi executado na Fazenda Flor do Ipê, localizada no município de Dom Eliseu, no km 22 da Rodovia BR-222, com coordenada geográfica 4°17'30.93"S e 47°48'38.54"O. O clima é caracterizado como do tipo Awi da classificação de Köppen, isto é, clima tropical chuvoso com estação seca bem definida. Foram registradas Temperatura do ar (ºC) e Precipitação Pluviométrica (mm) através da estação meteorológica pertencente à APROSOJA – Associação dos Produtores de Soja do Brasil. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com 12 cultivares de milho (Zea mays L.), sendo 6 comerciais e 6 não comerciais, com cinco repetições em cada cultivar. Foi utilizado o Software Sisvar para análise de variância, com comparação de médias através do Teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A temperatura do ar, nos diferentes meses do período experimental, se manteve em níveis toleráveis para o cultivo de milho. A cultivar não comercial que melhor se adaptou ao ambiente de Dom Eliseu foi a DOWCOD030PW. Para as cultivares comerciais a melhor adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas foi apresentada pela 2B587PW.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Adaptação, Características agronômicas, Produtividade.