bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast heterogeneous N2O5 uptake and ClNO2 production in power plant and industrial plumes observed in the nocturnal residual layer over the North China Plain
Authors: Wang Zhe , Wang Weihao , Tham Yee Jun , Li Qinyi , Wang Hao , Wen Liang , Wang Xinfeng , Wang Tao
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) and nitryl chloride (ClNO2) are key species in nocturnal tropospheric chemistry and have significant effects on particulate nitrate formation and the following day's photochemistry through chlorine radical production and NOx recycling upon photolysis of ClNO2. To better understand the roles of N2O5 and ClNO2 in the high-aerosol-loading environment of northern China, an intensive field study was carried out at a high-altitude site (Mt. Tai, 1465 m a.s.l.) in the North China Plain (NCP) during the summer of 2014. Elevated ClNO2 plumes were frequently observed in the nocturnal residual layer with a maximum mixing ratio of 2.1 ppbv (1 min), whilst N2O5 was typically present at very low levels (< 30 pptv), indicating fast heterogeneous N2O5 hydrolysis. Combined analyses of chemical characteristics and backward trajectories indicated that the ClNO2-laden air was caused by the transport of NOx-rich plumes from the coal-fired industry and power plants in the NCP. The heterogeneous N2O5 uptake coefficient (γ) and ClNO2 yield (ϕ) were estimated from steady-state analysis and observed growth rate of ClNO2. The derived γ and ϕ exhibited high variability, with means of 0.061 ± 0.025 and 0.28 ± 0.24, respectively. These values are higher than those derived from previous laboratory and field studies in other regions and cannot be well characterized by model parameterizations. Fast heterogeneous N2O5 reactions dominated the nocturnal NOx loss in the residual layer over this region and contributed to substantial nitrate formation of up to 17 µg m−3. The estimated nocturnal nitrate formation rates ranged from 0.2 to 4.8 µg m−3 h−1 in various plumes, with a mean of 2.2  ± 1.4 µg m−3 h−1. The results demonstrate the significance of heterogeneous N2O5 reactivity and chlorine activation in the NCP, and their unique and universal roles in fine aerosol formation and NOx transformation, and thus their potential impacts on regional haze pollution in northern China.
Comparison of dust layer heights from active and passive satellite sensors
Authors: Kylling Arve , Vandenbussche Sophie , Capelle Virginie , Cuesta Juan , Klüser Lars , Lelli Luca , Popp Thomas , Stebel Kerstin , Veefkind Pepijn
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Aerosol layer height is an essential parameter to understand the impact of aerosols on the climate system. As part of the European Space Agency Aerosol_cci project, aerosol layer height as derived from passive thermal and solar satellite sensors measurements, have been compared with aerosol layer heights estimated from CALIOP measurements. The Aerosol_cci project targeted dust type aerosol for this study. This ensures relatively unambiguous aerosol identification by the CALIOP processing chain. Dust layer height was estimated from thermal IASI measurements by four different algorithms (BIRA-IASB, DLR, LMD, LISA) and from solar GOME-2 (KNMI) and SCIAMACHY (IUP) measurements. Due to differences in overpass time of the various satellites, a trajectory model was used to move the CALIOP derived dust heights in space and time to the IASI, GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY dust height pixels. It is not possible to construct a unique dust layer height from the CALIOP data. Thus two CALIOP derived layer heights were used: the cumulative extinction height defined to be the height where the CALIOP extinction column is half of the total extinction column; and the geometric mean height which is defined as the geometrical mean of the top and bottom heights of the dust layer. In statistical average over all IASI data there is a general tendency to a positive bias of 0.5–0.8 km against CALIOP extinction-weighted height for three of the four algorithms assessed, while the fourth algorithm has almost no bias. When comparing to geometric mean height there is a shift by −0.5 km for all algorithms (getting close to zero for the three algorithms and turning negative for the fourth). The standard deviation of all algorithms is quite similar and ranges between 1.0 and 1.4 km. When looking at different conditions (day, night, land, ocean) there are is more detail in variabilities (e.g. all algorithms overestimate more at night than at day).
Thermodynamics of Saline and Fresh Water Mixing in Estuaries
Authors: Zhang Zhilin , Savenije Hubert H. G.
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Mixing of saline and fresh water is a process of energy dissipation. The fresh water flow that enters an estuary from the river contains potential energy with respect to the saline ocean water. This potential energy is able to perform work. Looking from the ocean to the river, there is a gradual transition from saline to fresh water and an associated rise of the water level in accordance with the increase of potential energy. Alluvial estuaries are systems that are free to adjust dissipation processes to the energy sources that drive them, primarily the kinetic energy of the tide and the potential energy of the river flow, and to a minor extent the energy in wind and waves. Mixing is the process that dissipates the potential energy of the fresh water. The Maximum Power (MP) concept assumes that this dissipation takes place at maximum power, whereby the different mixing mechanisms of the estuary jointly perform the work. In this paper, the power is maximized with respect to the dispersion coefficient that reflects the combined mixing processes. The resulting equation is an additional differential equation that can be solved in combination with the advection-dispersion equation, requiring only two boundary conditions for the salinity and the dispersion. The new equation has been confronted with 52 salinity distributions observed in 23 estuaries in different parts of the world and performed very well, even better than the well-tested empirical Van der Burgh equation that required a calibration parameter, which with this equation is no longer needed.
Sensitivity analysis of the meteorological preprocessor MPP-FMI 3.0 using algorithmic differentiation
Authors: Backman John , Wood Curtis R. , Auvinen Mikko , Kangas Leena , Hannuniemi Hanna , Karppinen Ari , Kukkonen Jaakko
Published: October 2017

Abstract. The meteorological input parameters for urban- and local-scale dispersion models can be evaluated by preprocessing meteorological observations, using a boundary-layer parameterisation model. This study presents a sensitivity analysis of a meteorological preprocessor model (MPP-FMI) that utilises readily available meteorological data as input. The sensitivity of the preprocessor to meteorological input was analysed using algorithmic differentiation (AD). The AD tool used was TAPENADE. The AD method numerically evaluates the partial derivatives of functions that are implemented in a computer program. In this study, we focus on the evaluation of vertical fluxes in the atmosphere and in particular on the sensitivity of the predicted inverse Obukhov length and friction velocity on the model input parameters. The study shows that the estimated inverse Obukhov length and friction velocity are most sensitive to wind speed and second most sensitive to solar irradiation. The dependency on wind speed is most pronounced at low wind speeds. The presented results have implications for improving the meteorological preprocessing models. AD is shown to be an efficient tool for studying the ranges of sensitivities of the predicted parameters on the model input values quantitatively. A wider use of such advanced sensitivity analysis methods could potentially be very useful in analysing and improving the models used in atmospheric sciences.
SMOS near-real-time soil moisture product: processor overview and first validation results
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Nemesio J. , Muñoz Sabater Joaquin , Richaume Philippe , de Rosnay Patricia , Kerr Yann H. , Albergel Clement , Drusch Matthias , Mecklenburg Susanne
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Measurements of the surface soil moisture (SM) content are important for a wide range of applications. Among them, operational hydrology and numerical weather prediction, for instance, need SM information in near-real-time (NRT), typically not later than 3 h after sensing. The European Space Agency (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite is the first mission specifically designed to measure SM from space. The ESA Level 2 SM retrieval algorithm is based on a detailed geophysical modelling and cannot provide SM in NRT. This paper presents the new ESA SMOS NRT SM product. It uses a neural network (NN) to provide SM in NRT. The NN inputs are SMOS brightness temperatures for horizontal and vertical polarizations and incidence angles from 30 to 45°. In addition, the NN uses surface soil temperature from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS). The NN was trained on SMOS Level 2 (L2) SM. The swath of the NRT SM retrieval is somewhat narrower (∼ 915 km) than that of the L2 SM dataset (∼ 1150 km), which implies a slightly lower revisit time. The new SMOS NRT SM product was compared to the SMOS Level 2 SM product. The NRT SM data show a standard deviation of the difference with respect to the L2 data of < 0.05 m3 m−3 in most of the Earth and a Pearson correlation coefficient higher than 0.7 in large regions of the globe. The NRT SM dataset does not show a global bias with respect to the L2 dataset but can show local biases of up to 0.05 m3 m−3 in absolute value. The two SMOS SM products were evaluated against in situ measurements of SM from more than 120 sites of the SCAN (Soil Climate Analysis Network) and the USCRN (US Climate Reference Network) networks in North America. The NRT dataset obtains similar but slightly better results than the L2 data. In summary, the NN SMOS NRT SM product exhibits performances similar to those of the Level 2 SM product but it has the advantage of being available in less than 3.5 h after sensing, complying with NRT requirements. The new product is processed at ECMWF and it is distributed by ESA and via the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) multicast service (EUMETCast).
Remote sensing of ocean surface currents: a review of what is being observed and what is being assimilated
Authors: Isern-Fontanet Jordi , Ballabrera-Poy Joaquim , Turiel Antonio , García-Ladona Emilio
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Ocean currents play a key role in Earth's climate – they impact almost any process taking place in the ocean and are of major importance for navigation and human activities at sea. Nevertheless, their observation and forecasting are still difficult. First, no observing system is able to provide direct measurements of global ocean currents on synoptic scales. Consequently, it has been necessary to use sea surface height and sea surface temperature measurements and refer to dynamical frameworks to derive the velocity field. Second, the assimilation of the velocity field into numerical models of ocean circulation is difficult mainly due to lack of data. Recent experiments that assimilate coastal-based radar data have shown that ocean currents will contribute to increasing the forecast skill of surface currents, but require application in multidata assimilation approaches to better identify the thermohaline structure of the ocean. In this paper we review the current knowledge in these fields and provide a global and systematic view of the technologies to retrieve ocean velocities in the upper ocean and the available approaches to assimilate this information into ocean models.
Conhecimento em saúde sexual e reprodutiva: estudo transversal com adolescentes
Authors: Oliveira Patrícia Carvalho , Pires Laurena Moreira , Junqueira Ana Luiza Neto , Vieira Maria Aparecida Da Silva , Matos Marcos André , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Minamisava Ruth , Teles Sheila Araújo , Souza Márcia Maria de
Published: October 2017

Objetivou investigar e comparar o conhecimento sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva, e fontes de informação, entre adolescentes de escolas públicas de Goiânia-Goiás. Estudo de corte transversal realizado com 2449 escolares. Os dados do questionário auto aplicável foram analisados pelo Statistical Package Social Science, versão 13.0. As diferenças entre as proporções foram analisadas pelos testes de c2 e nível de significância (p<0,05). Observou-se diferença estatística entre os sexos considerando o conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e métodos de prevenção às IST e contracepção (p<0,000), também, adolescentes do sexo masculino apresentaram maior risco de exposição a relações sexuais sem preservativo (p<0,000). Em relação à aquisição de métodos preventivos para IST e contracepção, mulheres demonstraram mais conhecimento de locais de acesso aos dispositivos, bem como buscavam em variadas fontes, informações acerca de conteúdos relacianados à saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Conclui-se que adolescentes do sexo masculino apresentaram maior perfil de vulnerabilidade social e individual.
Satisfação do paciente e acompanhante quanto ao atendimento de necessidades de cuidados de enfermagem
Authors: Martins Priscila Fernandes , Perroca Marcia Galan
Published: October 2017

Estudo descritivo-exploratório conduzido junto a 411 pacientes e seus acompanhantes com o propósito de examinar a percepção e nível de satisfação de ambos quanto ao atendimento das necessidades de cuidados durante o período de hospitalização e, também, verificar a associação deste nível com variáveis sociodemográficas e características da hospitalização e da unidade. Na coleta de dados foi utilizado instrumento autoadministrado. O escore de satisfação dos pacientes/acompanhantes variou de 3,6(0,4) a 4,6(0,4).  As necessidades emocionais e espirituais (81 e 82%), segurança (83 e 67%) e atenção (87 e 61%) foram as mais atendidas. Encontrou-se associação entre satisfação e algumas variáveis sociodemográficas e características da hospitalização. De maneira geral, os pacientes e seus acompanhantes mostraram-se satisfeitos com o atendimento das necessidades de cuidados, porém algumas áreas importantes apresentaram déficit de satisfação demandando maior atenção da equipe de enfermagem.
Self-Leadership Strategy at PT. Trustco Cipta Madani (Establishing Building Management Change)
Authors: HJP Giri Susilo , Efendy Hady
Published: October 2017

The business competition of the millennial generation human resource development consultant now is growing very quickly and it is difficult to predict as the progress of the world of information technology and creative ideas across generations. The world seemed to have no boundaries and time limits again. Only companies that have the ability to adapt to change will survive to stay 'survive'. Change management becomes one of the important strategies of a company to be able to improve a competitiveness. PT. Trustco Cipta Madani as a small-scale consulting firm with the business of human resources development that trying to make a change management in the face of this new generation through self-leadership strategy by involving all its employees. Every employee of PT. Trustco Cipta Madani required to have self-leadership, this is because basically every individual who has self-leadership then by itself will have self-planning, self-criticism, self-design, self-set goals and also can solve problems through self-problem. Competition consultant business world are increasingly demanding the improvement of the quality and innovation of both personnel and products continuously and sustainably effective and efficient manner.
The Leadership of Women in Military on Military Organization
Authors: Kusmiyati Nani , Efendy Hady
Published: October 2017

The rapid development of the globalization era demands that the role of a female soldier within the organization of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) succeeds in touching the historical, cultural, social and political aspects prevailing within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). In accordance with the expectations of R.A. Kartini in fighting for gender equality for woman in Indonesia. In military organizations, TNI women must always be able to balance their role as soldiers, wives and mothers for children. On the other hand as TNI women should be able to carry out its duties and responsibilities as a fortress in maintaining the sovereignty of NKRI. Assignment as a TNI woman must be able to compete with other men of TNI. Equality of degrees causes the TNI women to be given the widest opportunity to occupy important positions in the military, including: Commander of the vessel, pilot, diver and other abilities owned by TNI women. In some cases TNI women may be involved in special assignments, such as: UN forces, social activities in mass health and non-structural TNI assignments. Based on the above description will be explained about the insights relating to the leadership of TNI women in military organizations in general, strategy and implementation of the TNI woman leadership style so that it can deliver to the position in the military organization.
Determinants of Mentoring and its Significance in Career Success: A Brief Literature Review
Authors: Abouraia Mahmoud Kamal , Albdour Lamis Riyad Mohamed
Published: October 2017

Most of us commonly use our ability and wisdom to assist and guide others. However, this kind of assistance is not just beneficial for individuals equally. For instance, it will be time pressure to guide colleagues to boost their capability and progress their course that will lead to more disadvantageous to the operation. Mentoring is a kind of auxiliary and casual administrative conversation that is very compelling in career growth. Workers and administrators in all kind of organization require grasping this fact and its affiliation in achieving their goals so that they can professionally promote their employees and attain outstanding victory in the workplace. It is likewise an instrument that organizations can take advantage of, to help them nourish and flourish their employee. As organizations endeavor to keep hard earned knowledge and wisdom, they are embracing the mentoring method as a mode of social knowledge administration. This subject has been explored and examined beyond much development for the past years. And organizations are witnessing breathtaking progress in performance, competence and, of course, the transmission of corporate intelligence and leadership skills. In this article we incorporate the dominant frame of mentoring literature with a decade of observational analysis by the authors using a range of case of the working community and seeking at the benefits of mentoring on career success with the mentor and mentee as well.
The Analysis of Using ICT on Knowledge Management in Governmental Organizations in Iran (Case Study: Municipality of Mazandaran Province)
Authors: Malafe Neda Sharifi Asadi , Baei Fahime
Published: October 2017

This study was an attempt to investigate the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT) and its components and knowledge management in Iran municipality staff (Mazandaran Province). "Research Methodology" in this study was descriptive and correlational. To fulfill the purpose of this study, 152 staff were selected from among a total number of 250 population based on stratified sampling using Krejcie & Morgan sampling table. "The data collection tools" consisted of two standard questionnaires, including ICT questionnaires (%96 validity) and knowledge management questionnaire (95% validity). "The data analysis method" was inferential statistics conducting by SPSS and LISREL software. "The results" showed that there was a significant relationship between ICT and knowledge management. Also, that there was a significant relationship between ICT components include: "automation", "processing", "storage", "informing" and "communication", and knowledge management. There was not a significant relationship between ICT and knowledge management between men and women. Finally, the relationship between ICT and knowledge management model based on Fit Indices of, properly evaluated.
As representações sociais sobre a velhice na perspectiva dos usuários de uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Locatelli Patrícia Augusta Pospichil Chaves
Published: October 2017

O envelhecimento da população brasileira tem demandado atenção, principalmente, no que tange ao cuidado para com o público idoso. Apesar de a legislação brasileira estabelecer que esta responsabilidade é de competência primordial da família, a dinamicidade do contexto social e a atual fluidez dos relacionamentos familiares têm implicado alterações nessa obrigatoriedade. Nesse contexto, as Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs) oferecem serviços de assistência social e à saúde, prioritariamente, para idosos que não possuem família ou quando essa não apresenta condições para assumir seu cuidado. Tendo-se presente o fato de que, muitas vezes, as instituições asilares são rotuladas pela sociedade de maneira preconceituosa, este estudo buscou identificar e analisar as representações sociais de idosos institucionalizados sobre a velhice e sobre a sua condição de idoso. Nesta pesquisa qualitativa, adotou-se o método de estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi operacionalizada por meio de observação, entrevistas com idosos institucionalizados e classificação de imagens. Os resultados do estudo apontaram representações sociais distintas: algumas com foco nas perdas, na qual a velhice foi associada a abandono, solidão, conflitos, pobreza e doença, e outras com foco nos ganhos, a exemplo das representações da velhice como uma fase ativa, propícia a envolvimentos amorosos e ao descanso.
A tensão entre o cuidar e o violentar: vivência de filhos com pais velhos
Authors: Bohm Verônica
Published: October 2017

Cuidar de pessoas mais velhas tem sido uma realidade cada vez mais presente na sociedade atual diante do envelhecimento populacional. Muitas vezes, esse cuidado é feito por familiares, que assumiram tal tarefa sem um preparo para isso, o que pode ocasionar maior tensão na relação entre cuidador e cuidado. Ciente dessa situação, propõe-se neste artigo discutir um aspecto quase invisível e silenciado da violência, aquela violência que ocorre quando alguém está cuidando de/convivendo com um velho. Para tal, é feita uma articulação entre duas pesquisas, sendo uma sobre histórias de vida de cuidadoras de idosos e outra sobre a violência contra velhos na perspectiva de agressores. Os resultados apontam para a importância da construção de relações de qualidade entre os membros familiares, bem como para o diferente significado que uma ação violenta pode receber em decorrência da relação entre cuidador e cuidado.
ALERGIA AO LÁTEX COM REAÇÃO CRUZADA A FRUTAS E AMENDOIM
Authors: Faccenda Pedro Henrique , Do Prado Nathália Silva , Malta Purim Kátia Sheylla , Magario Tabuti Nicole Iasmin , Peretti Murilo Calvo , Pinto da Fonseca Vinícius Dias
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A alergia ao látex é manifestação crescente em profissionais da área da saúde, com grande impacto laboral e na qualidade de vida. Sua prevalência vem crescendo e estima-se que 9,7% dos profissionais de saúde possam ser afetados. Objetivos: O presente relato tem como objetivo discutir sensibilização ao látex-frutas em trabalhadores da área de saúde, devido à alta prevalência nesse grupo de indivíduos. Relato de Caso: Paciente feminina, 58 anos, técnica de enfermagem cirúrgica, com lesões crônicas nas mãos, confirmada laboratorialmente e diagnosticada com alergia ao látex, e posterior desenvolvimento de alergia a frutas, também confirmada por exames laboratoriais. A paciente foi então remanejada para atividade fora do ambiente cirúrgico com melhora das lesões. Conclusões: A identificação e o manejo da alergia ao látex-frutas são essenciais para evitar complicações possivelmente letais como quadros anafiláticos e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos afetados através de uma readaptação profissional adequada.
The Financial Effects of Strategic Divestment – An Analysis of GE Capital
Authors: Stein Smith Sean
Published: October 2017

Strategic thinking and initiatives are traditionally focused on expanding business operations, developing new product lines, or entering new markets. Disruptive innovation, blue ocean strategy, and fast follower innovation differ in application, methodology, and specifics that vary from industry to industry, but commonalities remain. Building out new platforms, products, services, and customer engagement initiatives are virtually ubiquitous with different strategic techniques. That said, and the focus of this analysis, is the interpretation of strategy within an alternative framework. Focusing on the transition of General Electric from a multinational conglomerate heavily dependent on General Electric Capital Corporation to a conglomerate focusing on industrial technology and sustainability this research analysis the effect of strategic divestment on organizational performance. Analysing this transition both in terms of financial ramifications and a strategic headset, a review of the financial performance of GE provides a quantitative platform to conduct a strategic analysis. Strategy, and strategic divestment and decision making involve divestment, a multifaceted approach, and realignment of organizational resources. What this research does, in this context, is examine the strategic framework and direction of GE as this reposition occurs, alongside the financial performance generated during this transition.
Doktor Muda Competencies: Self-efficacy and Hand Washing Demonstration Skill among School Children in Malaysia
Authors: Muhamad Nor Asiah , Busu Pises , Hum Wee Lei , Mustapha Normi , Ali Suriyani , Murad Shahnaz , Lodz Noor Aliza , Mohamed Suraiya Syed
Published: October 2017

INTRODUCTION: “Doktor Muda” (DM) programme was developed by the Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysia to train a group of pupils as peer educator for change in motivating and assisting their peers to adopt healthy practices especially in hand washing through good knowledge, positive attitude, high self-efficacy and skill to deliver health messagesAIM: This study aims to identify the association of socio demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practices with self-efficacy in proper hand washing.METHODS: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire and observation checklists for hand washing demonstration skills.RESULT: This study showed that the subjects` knowledge (16.7%), practice (23.8%) and self-efficacy (41.7) in proper hand washing were low. Significant association were found between gender (p=0.004), academic achievements (p=0.038) and practices (p=0.003) with self-efficacy in proper hand washing.CONCLUSION: Various strategies are needed to strengthen DM role as peer educators and health change agents in school as levels of their knowledge, practice and self-efficacy were low.
Modeling Long-Run and Short-Run Dynamics of Foreign Direct Investment on the Manufacturing Sector Growth in Nigeria: The ARDL Bound Testing Approach
Authors: Etukafia Nseabasi , Ekpo Ntiedo , Asogwa Ikenna
Published: October 2017

This paper econometrically examines the long run and the short run dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the manufacturing sector growth in Nigeria between the period 1981 and 2015. Data used in this study were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin published in 2016. The econometric methodology adopted was the bound test and auto regressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach to estimate cointegrating relationship as well as short run and long run dynamics of the FDI and other explanatory variables on output growth in the manufacturing sector. Results of the long run behaviour and short run dynamics (error correction model) indicate that economic liberalization is significant in influencing changes in manufacturing output growth. However, FDI has no significant effect in both the short run and the long run episode. Therefore, it is recommended that policies aimed at encouraging increased participation of private domestic investors in collaboration with multinational corporations in the manufacturing sector be crafted.
The Effect of Chorus Education in Disadvantageous Groups on the Process of General Education—Cultural Awareness and Socializing: The Sample of Gypsy Children
Authors: Gul Gulnihal , Eren Bilgehan
Published: October 2017

Many reasons such as social exclusion, economic insufficiency, and prejudice make it difficult for Gypsy children to reach qualified education and cause their expectations for the future to be minimized. Yet, it is considered that the property of “inclination to music”, linked especially with Gypsies, will positively affect the motivations of Gypsy children for the school and their academic achievement and thus music education and chorus education performed in this context will make considerable contributions to the education process of the children.In this context, with a pilot classroom selected from the 4th grades in a primary school all of whose students consist of Gypsy children, chorus education studies have been carried out for an academic year. In accordance with the results obtained from the research, it has been reached the end of the fact that chorus education studies have made positive contributions to the general education, cultural awareness and socialization process of Gypsy children included in the disadvantageous groups and presenting Gypsy children with the opportunities that they can turn the music permanently present in their daily lives into an advantage in educational terms is quite important.
Accidental Composition: How the Ph.D. Machine Fails Our Students
Authors: Vance Lash K.
Published: October 2017

Imagine spending six or more years diligently training in a particular subject to only apply for a job in an unrelated field. Most everything you know will never be used; your education remains for your own edification, locked in a dusty wardrobe of the mind. Add to this a lack of awareness of how to do your new job. This is the picture of the modern-day college composition teacher. Newly printed Ph.D.s (and sometimes Masters) apply for positions for freshmen composition with very little pedagogical training, background, or awareness of the task. For them, composition is a backup plan in the event that their preferred occupation (usually as professor in the humanities) does not pan out. Students in freshmen composition series across the United States end up paying the price for the limited pedagogical preparation that many teachers have had. These students should not have to wait five or ten years before experience teaches these instructors how to be excellent in their craft. This is a silent institutional problem of massive proportions that can—and should—be fixed. This article offers tangible solutions to the issues involved in the lack of pedagogical training of our newly minted Ph.D. students.
Health-related behavioural differences between the sexes determines nutrition status in hospitalized elderly patients/ Różnice behawioralne związane z zachowaniami zdrowotnymi między płciami, determinujące stan odżywienia u hospitalizowanych pacjentów w podeszłym wieku
Authors: Puto Grażyna , Repka Iwona , Biłko Kornelia , Dzikowska Mirosława
Published: October 2017

Background: Health-related behaviours affect the preservation and maintenance of health. They form a important
part of the everyday life of all individuals including the elderly. Some of the most significant factors affecting
health are eating habits, physical activity, and the ability to handle stress and limiting the use of substances.
Aim of the study: The aim of this paper was to assess the effect of health-related behaviours on nutrition in
hospitalized elderly patients.
Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 151 subjects over 60 years old. The study tools
included a diagnostic survey, the Health Behaviour Inventory and the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Statistical
significance for differences and strength of correlation between the variables was set at p<0.05.
Results: The general indicator of health behaviour was higher among women (88.78±13.82 vs. 83.55±12.93;
p=0.01). The analysis of health behaviour showed significant differences between men and women in relation
to good eating habits (p=0.01) and prophylactic behaviour (p=0.01).
Conclusions: Elderly people who followed a proper diet, which included fruit and vegetables, and avoided food
with preservatives, were better nourished. A positive attitude was connected with the state of nutrition. Wellnourished
status can be observed among the elderly who have positive attitude, avoid anger, anxiety and depression,
and have friends and a stable family life.
The frequency of the self-examination of testicles among men in selected socio-demographic conditions/ Częstość samobadania jąder wśród mężczyzn w wybranych uwarunkowaniach socjo -demograficznych
Authors: Nowicki Grzegorz Józef , Ślusarska Barbara , Bartoszek Agnieszka , Kocka Katarzyna , Łuczyk Marta , Szadowska-Szlachetka Zdzisława , Deluga Alina
Published: October 2017

Background: Testicle cancer constitutes 1.6% of malignant neoplasms in men. It is the most common tumor
in men aging 20-44 years. It is worrying that the analysis of epidemiological data from the last three decades
indicates a threefold increase in the incidence of this cancer. Regular testicular self-examination is an effective
and cheap way to diagnose cancer.
Aim of the study: Evaluation of declared rate of testicular self-exam in adult working men in the context of
selected socio-demographic factors.
Material and methods: The evaluation was conducted between June, 2014 and March 2015 on 224 working
men. Diagnostic survey was used as a research method. The questionnaire used as the research tool was elaborated
by the authors. The evaluated men were asked to estimate how often they examine their testicles. In the
following questions included in the survey, they were asked about socio-demographic details and family history
of cancer. The participation in the study was anonymous and voluntary.
Results: As declared, testicular self-exam is performed once a month only by 17.41% of surveyed men, 28.13%
of men perform the exam once in a few months, and 54.46% do not do it at all. Socio-demographic factors that
significantly influenced the frequency of testicular self-exam included: education of the father, and family history
of cancer (father or siblings) (p< 0.05).
Conclusions: Regular testicular self-examination is performed by a small percentage of adult men. There is a need
to inform young healthy men about the prevention of testicular cancer, within the field of health promotion
The knowledge of women with epilepsy on motherhood/ Wiedza kobiet chorych na padaczkę na temat macierzyństwa
Authors: Jasnos Ilona , Cieślik Aleksandra , Wanot Joanna , Sejboth Justyna , Szurlej Dariusz , Gurowiec Piotr
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions. Approximately half of the 50 million
suffering from epilepsy are women. Although the pregnancy in the course of epilepsy is considered a high
risk pregnancy, based on many observations, it is estimated that the chance of delivering a healthy child by a
woman with epilepsy exceeds 90%. However, the risk of congenital defects is 2-3 times higher than in healthy
women. It is mostly caused by antiepileptic drugs.
Material and methods: The study was conducted on 139 women with epilepsy, aging 18-40 years, who were
under supervision of the neurology clinic in the Silesia voivodeship. The studies were conducted using the survey
elaborated by the authors for women in reproductive age with epilepsy, based on the questionnaire published
by Polish Center of Epilepsy for Women.
Results: Most of the surveyed women have had epilepsy for longer than 10 years (52.52%). The smallest number
of women has been suffering from epilepsy for less than a year (7.19%) A majority of respondents were
treated with monotherapy (51.8%). Almost half of the respondents did not have a child (57.55%). According to
76.26% of respondents epilepsy is not a contraindication for having children. A statistically significant correlation
was demonstrated (p = 0.0479) between education and the desire to get information about contraception
and its impact on epilepsy.
Conclusions: 1/3 of interviewed women with epilepsy has insufficient knowledge of responsible motherhood
and it concerns mostly women with the lowest level of education. Most women suffering from epilepsy become
interested in issues related with motherhood only after they become pregnant whereas, women with at least secondary
education are more interested in issues of procreation and responsible motherhood.
Health-oriented behaviours of secondary school students – a student and teacher evaluation/ Zachowania prozdrowotne młodzieży licealnej w ocenie uczniów i ich nauczycieli
Authors: Hraca Dorota
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Health-oriented behaviours are actions taken to promote health and to prevent illness. These
are behaviours whose purpose is to improve the environment around the human being, and thus to create conditions
conducive to healthy living.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the real patterns of health-oriented behaviours among
high school students and to evaluate these behaviours in students and teachers.
Material and methods: The study included 100 students (16-19 years of age) attending a general secondary
school and 30 teachers employed at the same institution. The author chose to conduct a diagnostic survey with
the use of a questionnaire. The research tool used in the study was a questionnaire prepared by the author, containing
12 questions, addressed to both students and teachers. The questionnaire was based on four research
themes: eating habits of high school students, frequency with which they undertake physical activity, manners
of dealing with stress, and ways in which they affect the behavior of their peers.
Results: The results of the study indicate that young people of today are more aware of health-oriented behaviors.
Studies have shown that 92% (92) of students are physically active, 77% (77) consider they have healthy
eating habits; 90% (90) of the students stated that they cope with stress by listening to music and taking part
in sport. The vast majority (as many as 84% (84)), think that stimulants are very harmful. The teachers considered
that most of the students have healthy habits.
Conclusions: The knowledge of high school students about health-oriented behaviors is satisfactory. Most students
put this knowledge into practice through physical activity, healthy eating, avoiding drugs, and finding
ways to cope with stress. According to the teachers, students are fully aware of positive and negative phenomena
related to health and of how they can affect them.
Wychowankowie Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego uczący w szkołach średnich Królestwa Polskiego po reformie Aleksandra Wielopolskiego
Authors: Kula Ewa
Published: October 2017

The article presents graduates of the Royal University of Warsaw, which existed between 1816
and 1831, (closed as a result of the November Uprising downfall) and alumni of the Main School
in Warsaw, functioning in 1862–1869, that is till the failed January Uprising, after which the
school was transformed into the Russian Imperial University of Warsaw. The total number
of graduates of the above-mentioned schools amounted to 57. What is more, there were
29 graduates of the Royal University of Warsaw and they began to work in schools in the
period between the uprisings, whereas 27 graduates of the Main School in Warsaw only took
jobs in teaching in secondary schools in the Kingdom of Poland after the education system
reform of Aleksander Wielopolski. The article presents fields of studies of those teachers, their
religious beliefs and social background, work experience as well as examples of their active
involvement in social, political and cultural life of the Kingdom of Poland.
„Studium wolne” a zagadnienie kształcenia nauczycieli szkół średnich na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Bartnicka Kalina
Published: October 2017

In 1918, Poland’s education authorities began to build a uniform school system. Improving secondary education and organising teacher education were important tasks. In the 1870s education in Galicia was Polonised (including universities in Cracow and Lviv), and a system of secondary school teacher education was established. Candidates were educated at university philosophical faculties. Qualifications were obtained after passing state examinations in content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. University studies in the Second Polish Republic were organised according to the principles of “free study”, which educated researchers. A vast majority of students undertook studies to prepare for the teaching profession. The article deals with the adjustment of ministerial regulations and studies at the Faculty of Philosophy (later Faculty of Humanities and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences) at the University of Warsaw to the needs of vocational education of teachers. Since 1926, future researchers and future teachers were subject to the Master’s degree regulations. The choice of career in teaching or in academia began only after obtaining a Master’s degree. Additionally, teachers needed to acquire theoretical and practical pedagogical qualifications: during a one-year or two-year pedagogical program organised by Bogdan Nawroczyński at the Faculty of Humanities. This period saw the development of pedagogical research and an increased interest in pedagogy.
Powszechne Wykłady Uniwersyteckie jako forma pracy Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego na rzecz oświaty dorosłych w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej – zarys problematyki
Authors: Rzepka Magdalena
Published: October 2017

The article presents an outline of the history of institution called University Public Lectures, which functioned at the University of Warsaw during the interwar period, starting from the year 1922. The task of the institution was to organise, on a regular basis, open lectures in order to reach a wide audience from outside the academic community. The large number of lecturers recruited from among the most eminent professors of the University of Warsaw, specialising in various fields of academic research, ensured the high substantive level of the organised lectures. The organisation of the lectures constituted one of the ways in which the University of Warsaw was carrying out its task of promoting scientific knowledge and presenting the results of the most recent scientific research to the general public. Due to the aim of the lectures, their subject matter was quite diverse and often centered around the recent problems of the Polish community and state. Although the idea of open lectures was not novel at the time, University Public Lectures contributed to the adult education provided by the University of Warsaw.
AN ANALYSIS OF INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK
DYNAMICS ON THE EXAMPLE OF ELECTRONIC FREIGHT
EXCHANGE
Authors: Kawa Arkadiusz , Fuks Konrad
Published: October 2017

Inter-organizational networks are the subject of numerous research projects,
which explore not only the importance of companies within a network, its impact on
the companies, and the ties between the actors, but also the structure of networks.
Due to the rapidly changing environment of organizations, the need arises for
an analysis of the dynamics of networks, which can be performed using Dynamic
Network Analysis (DNA). The aim of the paper is to propose the use of this method
for the analysis of network ties occurring in electronic freight exchange. For this
purpose, a model was developed and implemented in a simulation environment.
On the basis of selected scenarios, a simulation experiment was carried out.
The authors present the most important conclusions from the statistical analysis
of the experiments.
THE ESSENCE OF THE ACTIVITY OF DEVELOPERS
IN THE POLISH INDUSTRIAL AND WAREHOUSE MARKET
Authors: Miklińska Joanna
Published: October 2017

The industrial and warehouse market is a significant part of a free market economy.
Its functioning involves a number of challenges and risks, as it is dependent on
a number of global and local factors. In these conditions developers have an important
role to play. The aim of the paper is to highlight the activities undertaken
by developers in the Polish modern warehouse market and the selected solutions
that allow them to meet customer needs. An additional objective is to identify
the most important trends that are going to influence the future actions of developers.
In order to fulfil the main goal of the paper a review of the literature as well
as an analysis of reports and information published by agencies and consultants
operating in the real estate market and by developers have been carried out. Among
developers operating in the Polish commercial warehouse market, there are both
entities of global importance and local, smaller companies. Many of them perform
a wide range of functions and they are still taking up new challenges (in technical
and organizational terms). This undoubtedly affects the investment attractiveness
of the Polish industrial and warehouse market and is a factor influencing its development.
Research findings indicate also other warehouse market trends which
constitute challenges for warehouse developers.
LOGISTICS PROJECT PLANNING UNDER CONDITIONS
OF RISK AND UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Pisz Iwona , Łapuńka Iwona
Published: October 2017

The paper discusses highly important issues related to the practice of logistics
project planning under conditions of certainty, risk, and uncertainty. This process
requires the use of a variety of planning information (complete or incomplete,
express or implied) as well as the generation of new knowledge. The decision-making
process takes place in a deterministic or an nondeterministic situation; the former
involves complete information (i.e., certainty) and the latter incomplete information
(i.e., risk and uncertainty). Becoming acquainted with the discussed issues provides
valuable practical knowledge that may be helpful in making important decisions
when formulating concepts and models of logistics projects planning undertaken
by a single enterprise or a supply chain.
Screening of Chemical Dyes in Traditional Chinese Medicine by HPTLC-MS
Authors: He Fengyan , He Yi , Zheng Xiaowei , Wang Ruizhong , Lu Jing , Dai Zhong , Ma Shuangcheng
Published: October 2017

It has been uncovered that chemical dyes are illegally used in traditional Chinese medicines to brighten color and cover up inferiority, which threaten the safety of patients. In the present study, an HPTLC-MS method was developed for the effective screening of 11 chemical dyes (Sudan I, II, III, and IV; 808 Scarlet; Sudan Red 7B; malachite green; Basic Orange 2; auramine; Orange II; and erythrosine) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) raw materials and Chinese patent medicines. Firstly, unwashed HPTLC plates were chosen by comparing the background signals of the TLC plates used directly and prewashed with analytical grade and HPLC grade solvents. Twice developments were conducted to isolate chemical dyes of different polarity. Possible adulterants were preliminarily identified by comparing Rf values and in situ UV-Vis spectra with those of the references. Further confirmation was conducted by tandem MS analysis via an elution head-based TLC-MS interface. Sudan I and IV, 808 Scarlet, and Orange II were successfully detected in eight batches of TCM. The proposed method could be applied as a reliable technology for the screening of chemical dyes in TCM.