bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BRITISH GOVERNMENT SERVICES FOR EXPORTERS
Authors: BIRTLES HARRY
Published: February 2008

For a trader in need of any sort of information or advice which may help him to sell goods overseas, the point of contact is the nearest regional office of the Board of Trade. There are nine of them throughout Great Britain and a similar service is provided by the Ministry of Commerce in Northern Ireland. If it is more convenient to do so, contact can be made direct with the Export Services Branch of the Board of Trade in London. There need be no hesitancy about approaching any Board of Trade office. The Board will be only too glad to hear from traders or, better still, to meet them personally. The size of the problem does not matter.
ZOOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Authors: CAIN A.J.
Published: February 2008

Living organisms are immensely complicated things, most of which (except the minutest) present at a glance a vast variety of structural and other characters that can be considered from many aspects. The analogy between animals and writings would seem to be clear, and the necessity for co‐ordinate classification equally great for both. Certainly, many different sorts of classification are used for animals and their parts, in relation to their genetics, development, functions in the widest sense, distribution, ecology, and evolution. Yet there is one principal classification which bears the principal reference system, and co‐ordinate classification is only subsidiary.
CLASSIFICATION FOR DOCUMENTATION
Authors: VICKERY B.C.
Published: February 2008

Documentation is faced with the following problem. On the one hand we have the world's literature, in many languages; on the other, an inquirer with a question. Documentation has to select, from a vast mass of words, the few texts that are most closely relevant to an inquiry. It is this selection process that makes use of classification.
PREPARATION OF SCIENTIFIC MATERIAL FOR The PRESS
Authors: BECK G.N.J.
Published: February 2008

My brief for this talk has been a rather broad one. I have been asked to speak on either the ‘Preparation of scientific material for the press’ or ‘The editorial function’, the second being a much wider and somewhat vaguer commission than the first.
EXPERIENCE WITH COMPUTER‐PRODUCED INDEXES
Authors: DOWELL N.G. , MARSHALL J.W.
Published: February 2008

The object of this paper is to describe English Electric work and experience in the development and application of computer‐produced indexes.
The BRITISH NATIONAL FILM CATALOGUE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO INFORMATION WORK
Authors: CHIBNALL BERNARD
Published: February 2008

The present state of film information is nothing short of chaotic. Individual organizations do sometimes keep records of films in their own fields of interest and occasionally publish these lists. The Educational Foundation for Visual Aids has catalogues of films of use in direct teaching; the Royal Institute of Chemistry has published a list of films on chemistry; the Scientific Film Association has published many catalogues on different subjects but these are restricted—because the Association lacks funds—to subjects on which another body is prepared to spend money. The British Film Institute has extensive records but these exist only in the form of its own card indexes and are available only at the Institute's premises. If information is to be wholly useful, it must be freely available and known to be available. The haphazard nature of current sources of film information makes it extremely difficult for the outsider to use them.
The MECHANICS OF CO‐ORDINATE INDEXING AND ITS RELATION TO OTHER INDEXING METHODS
Authors: JOLLEY J.L.
Published: February 2008

Co‐ordinate (sometimes called synthetic) indexing was in use for many years before it gained its present names. It had no name at all: it was simply the way people went about answering certain sorts of question. It was used in accountancy, quality control, staff placement, medical record keeping, and municipal housing management—to take examples at random. It consisted, and it still consists, in collecting an appropriate set of items and recording their features in a standard language, usually a code, on suitable data vehicles, usually cards. Each card represented an item, and was marked with coloured tabs, or punched with holes, or clipped around its edges, the tabs or holes or notches showing which features the item possessed. All items possessing any given set of features then became easy to find. One looked—one still looks—for the right set of tabs or notches or holes.
The HANDLING OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION In The USSR
Authors: FRANCIS W.L.
Published: February 2008

The Chairman, MR L.W. Wilson, Director of Aslib, said that about three years ago a deputation of three librarians was sent to study libraries in the Soviet Union. The deputation had reported at an Aslib winter meeting. Arising from the visit of Professor A.I. Mikhailov some time ago, it had been decided to send a deputation to study scientific and technical information centres in Russia, and this took the form of a joint Aslib‐DSIR party. Dr Francis would give an introductory resume of their findings, after which it was hoped that the audience would ask questions and the other members of the party would join the discussion.
COMMUNICATING RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: BROOKES B.C. , Wright Gordon H.
Published: February 2008

A discussion of the communication of research results has to begin with clarification of the terms and with a limiting of the boundaries of a subject too wide for a single talk. Though scientific knowledge acquired for its own sake is eventually applied and though communication in pure science also has its problems, Aslib is primarily interested in science applied to technology; and so I shall limit my discussion to problems of communication in applied science. But even the term ‘applied science’ embraces a wide spectrum of problem‐solving activities: the problems at one extreme are to find technological applications of new scientific theories and, at the other, to find optimum solutions of technological problems for a given set of economic and practical conditions. It is convenient to retain the term ‘applied science’ for research work which springs from science and looks towards its application; work which springs from a technological problem and looks towards science is best called ‘technological development’ or simply ‘development’. In most industrial laboratories both applied science and technological development are undertaken side by side, and rightly so since each stimulates the other, but the distinction between them is needed here because, as we shall see, their communication processes are different.
RESEARCH ON USERS' NEEDS: WHERE IS IT GETTING US?
Authors: HANSON C.W.
Published: February 2008

Since Bernal made his pilot survey of the use of scientific literature for the 1948 Royal Society Scientific Information Conference, at least three dozen other investigations have been reported of the needs of scientists and engineers for information, of their information gathering habits, and the use to which they put information.
CHALLENGE AND OPPORTUNITY: SHEFFIELD'S NEW POSTGRADUATE LIBRARY SCHOOL
Authors: SAUNDERS W.L. , Foskett D.J.
Published: February 2008

It may seem faintly ridiculous to speak of the history of a teaching institution that has yet to receive its first students, but over the last forty years the idea of a second Postgraduate School of Librarianship has been a gleam in many a professional eye—a gleam that at times flickered and almost died, but which revived and glowed brightly with the suggestion in 1960 that the University of Sheffield should be asked if it would consider establishing such a school.
O & M IN The SPECIAL LIBRARY
Authors: ERNEST JONES E.H.
Published: February 2008

Mr E.H. Ernest Jones, who until recently has been Head of the Central Information Services, Shell International Petroleum Company Limited, gave a talk (summarized here) which was, he said, intentionally short, since O & M work was, he felt, something you do, rather than talk about! Lively discussion followed.
The UDC IN METALLURGICAL LITERATURE CLASSIFICATION: WORK OF The IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE
Authors: SAVILLE J.P.
Published: February 2008

Shortly after the war, The Iron and Steel Institute was able, through the Occupying Power, to assist the Verein Deutscher Eisenhttenleute, a body in Germany kindred in some ways to itself, to recover and reassemble its library, which had been dispersed for safety towards the end of the fighting. This operation was carried out by Mr Headlam‐Morley, the Secretary, and Professor G. Wesley Austin; the operation was of such importance that they both received, for the purpose, the equivalent rank of brigadier. I was then operating in BIOS with the equivalent rank of captain, and do not think that the two brigadiers and I ever met at the time; we have met frequently since.
A NEW LOOK AT FEATURE CARD INDEXING
Authors: BATTEN W.E.
Published: February 2008

We designed our own hardware and drew up our own word list in a purely empirical way, unhampered by theory. We do not think of our word list as a language, but as a list of descriptive features, a list of only about 450 words, and this we find to be ample. It seems that there is a limit to which the feature system can subdivide a field, and beyond this limit trouble arises from cross‐fertilization. The limit, however, is more than adequate for most purposes. If greater subdivision is required it seems preferable to split the larger field into several smaller ones, and to provide a separate set of features for each of these. The general tendency for beginners is to overdo the degree of subdivision. This should be resisted in the interests of efficiency. The essence of the feature system is that it is a method for narrowing down the search; each feature that is used in retrieval divides the field by a factor which may range from about five to twenty or more, so that the convergence is very rapid. In our system we regard the author, source, form, language and country of origin as features. Proper names are also features, so that the system is self‐contained, without the necessity of separate author or title indexes.
The SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATION
Authors: SHACKLETON LORD
Published: February 2008

I have chosen for the title of this address ‘The social organization of information’. By this I mean organization by and on behalf of society or the community. This is, I fear, a somewhat ambiguous title, but unfortunately we are operating in a field where many of the words are for us going to have a special significance, while popularly retaining a more general meaning; even the word ‘information’ has come to have a specialized meaning to us. I rather think the time has come when we need a single word to describe all these matters in which we are dealing. Otherwise we shall need a sentence, indeed a definition covering such words as ‘information’, ‘documentation’, ‘storage’, ‘retrieval’, ‘dissemination’, ‘communication’. It is arguable we should perhaps have the definition before we have the word but this need not deter one from the game of word invention.
DOCUMENTATION IN CRIMINOLOGY
Authors: Chairman
Published: February 2008

In May 1964 a memorandum on documentation needs of the social sciences was published in which it was stated that Aslib would hold a conference in the autumn of 1964 for the purpose of ascertaining from a group of social scientists the extent of their use of, and satisfaction with, existing services, and their probable response to services which might be offered. This conference was the outcome and, as was suggested in the memorandum, an interdisciplinary field, namely Criminology, was chosen. As a result of the conference, a small working party was set up to study the proposals made, to formulate plans for the future and to report back to the members of the conference.
The PRESENT RANGE OF DOCUMENTATION SERVICES IN The SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: LEWIS PETER R.
Published: February 2008

We all know what is meant by ‘Criminology’, but I am not at all sure that I know any longer what is meant by ‘Social Sciences’.
MECHANIZED METHODS OF DOCUMENTATION OF INTEREST TO CRIMINOLOGISTS
Authors: TAPPER COLIN
Published: February 2008

In this paper the main emphasis will be upon mechanized methods of documentation which work with a natural language input. These are systems in which the basic sources are read in to the machines in their pristine form, unindexed, unclassified and unabridged. The paper will first set out to correct some current misconceptions about mechanical methods. It will then consider the tasks which a modern digital computer can perform, and each will be examined in the context of documentation.
PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Authors: TOWNLEY HELEN M.
Published: February 2008

There are seven major problem areas in this field, one of which has been treated extensively and will get no attention from me today—the language problem. I do not propose to go into the minutiae of pre‐ or post‐co‐ordinating, of the merits of role relations, interfixing, weighting and the like, though there are some points which merit consideration in the context of this paper, whose aim is to consider some of the practical problems likely to be met. The seven problem areas are:
OFFICE FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION (OSTI)
Authors: HOOKWAY H.T.
Published: February 2008

On 16th June Aslib held an Evening Meeting, attended by an audience of over 300 persons, at the Jarvis Hall of the Royal Institute of British Architects (W1). Mr Leslie Wilson, Director of Aslib, took the chair. At this meeting, Dr H.T. Hookway, Director of the new Office for Scientific and Technical Information of the Department of Education and Science (part successor to the DSIR), defined the work and pattern of the Office. The substance of Dr Hookway's lecture appeared in Nature on Saturday 17th July 1965, pp. 234–6. The following is therefore a report of the discussion only, which took place after the lecture.
COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: MARSH E.A.
Published: February 2008

Mr Marsh began by emphasizing the importance of establishing communications, which he defined as ‘a genuine, satisfying two‐way exchange between persons’. It is establishing a relationship—putting oneself into the shoes of another person—trying to understand how he, or she, feels—communicating so that they will act on what is said, or written, or shown.
INFORMATION PROBLEMS IN The SOCIAL SCIENCES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MECHANIZATION
Authors: FOSKETT D.J.
Published: February 2008

A welcome sign of the growing recognition of the need for more attention to research and documentation in the social sciences can be found in the Report of the Committee on Social Studies under the chairmanship of Lord Heyworth. Not that the report has a great deal to say on the documentation aspect; it has a few fairly cordial references to libraries, and a paragraph mentioning their inadequacies, with a recommendation that national lending facilities should be provided. But the committee were evidently aware of the need for better collection and dissemination of information, and regarded this as one of the major tasks of the Social Science Research Council, of which Dr Michael Young, Director of the Institute for Community Studies, has now been appointed chairman.
CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: LIEBESNY F.
Published: February 2008

Mr Mason has already referred in his paper to the three main streams of professional and semi‐professional training and education available to librarians and information scientists in this country. Although the distinction between these two so patently different types of animal has not been drawn with a sufficient degree of accuracy, it is nevertheless true that only one of these streams is specifically directed to the training of information scientists, and this is, quite rightly, directly or indirectly under the aegis of the Institute of Information Scientists.
PROFESSIONAL STAFF IN INFORMATION WORK—SOME FACTS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR The FUTURE
Authors: EDWARDS A.P.J.
Published: February 2008

The survey which I shall describe was first discussed early in 1964 when the DSIR Information Committee turned its attention to the problem of the training and recruitment of information staff. To this end it set up a working party under the chairmanship of Dr C. J. Smithells to examine the problem in detail. The working party came to the conclusion that the first thing that was needed was a lot more factual information about the present position. So it decided to launch a national survey of staff employed in information work by means of two questionnaires which it drafted, one to be answered by management and the other by individuals. (Perhaps this is a convenient point to mention that the working party defined information work as ‘… all the normal activities of information departments and special libraries engaged in science and technology, but excluding clerical and typing duties, public relations, advertising and sales’; this is the definition of ‘information work’ used throughout this paper). A pilot survey was then carried out in order to test the questionnaires; participating in this were an information department of a nationalized industry, a research association together with some of its member firms, a DSIR Branch Office which included some firms in the private sector of industry within its area, a DSIR Research Station and the DSIR Headquarters Library. This allowed us to finalize the questionnaires to be used. I should like to thank all those who helped us with the exercise—the chairman and members of the working party and all those who assisted in the pilot survey.
LIBRARIANSHIP AND OTHER DISCIPLINES
Authors: ASHWORTH WILFRED
Published: February 2008

When a scientist quotes, it is a generally accepted convention that his quotations must be almost mathematically apt. They must cover the point, the whole point and nothing but the point. Humanists are in a happier position—something reasonably near to the spirit of the idea to be conveyed is quite acceptable. Let it be understood, therefore, that I propose to begin with a literary quotation and borrow from Omar Khayyam the words:
UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES AND The INFORMATION NEEDS OF The RESEARCHER 1: A PROVIDER'S VIEW
Authors: LINE MAURICE B.
Published: February 2008

We all know by now about the information explosion, namely that there is too much uncontrolled knowledge floating around, and that by the end of the century an overpopulated world will be submerged under a mass of paper, film, magnetic tape, discs, drums, crystals, or whatever other vehicle for information has been discovered by then. What has not been pointed out, so far as I know, is that the literature on the information explosion is expanding at an even faster rate than the information which is exploding, so that by the year 2000 the bulk of the literature is likely to consist of literature on methods of coping with itself. Having made this alarming prophecy, I must now do my bit towards fulfilling it.
CONTROL OF COMMERCIALLY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION IN REPORTS
Authors: JERMY K.E.
Published: February 2008

I shall be discussing the problem that faces all large organizations which employ research scientists in the fields of applied research and technology, i.e. fields in which results having commercial value are produced. This problem is not met, or not met to the same extent, in laboratories engaged in fundamental research, such as university laboratories. Here, although new knowledge often leads ultimately to commercial applications, it is usually not of immediate commercial value, and so the results can be published freely, and staff engaged on such work would be indignant at any proposal to restrict their right to publish results freely. Research in university laboratories sponsored by firms or commercial organizations, however, presents the same problems as these which we are discussing.
WHAT The PUBLIC LIBRARIAN WANTS FROM COMPUTERS
Authors: JOHNSON G.
Published: February 2008

It is of course quite impossible for me to speak for all librarians on the subject of ‘What the public librarian wants from computers’, although I think I should not be far wrong in saying that at the present time only a minute proportion of public librarians have given serious consideration to the applications of the computer in their libraries. Perhaps I can speak better for London librarians than for those outside London, and before I proceed with my theme I am sure that some of you would like to hear a little about what work is already being done by computers in the London public library services.
PROGRESS IN COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SOME BRITISH UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES
Authors: KIMBER RICHARD T.
Published: February 2008

Mr Maidment has been telling us about the use of a computer to control circulation routines in one public library system. Now I want to talk on a slightly more general level and discuss the progress that is being made in three British university libraries in using computers for routine housekeeping operations. I also want to tell you about an ICT users' group which is preparing a set of ‘package’ systems for libraries. But first I want to make a few comments on the place of a computer in a university today.
DEVELOPING USER INDEPENDENCE
Authors: URQUHART D.J.
Published: February 2008

It is well known that the output of scientific literature is increasing year by year. Some say that it is doubling every fifteen years and others that it is doubling in half this time. No very accurate measurements of the rate of growth exist, but this does not matter as it is plain to see that already it is very difficult to find your way through the existing mass of literature and the position is obviously becoming worse. My task is to consider this problem from the point of view of the would‐be user of scientific literature and to consider to what extent he can be helped by external services and to what extent he must learn to help himself.
DEVELOPING USER INDEPENDENCE: A REPLY TO DR URQUHART
Authors: MALTHA IR.D.J.
Published: February 2008

Judgingfrom Dr Urquhart's outline of the situation in Britain, it would appear to have a good many points of resemblance with that in the Netherlands. Much of what he said I can fully endorse, and if I endeavour to reply to him this must not be thought to imply any criticism of his remarks, but rather, I hope, some further support of his thesis by reference to my own experience in this country. I therefore propose, first, to indicate the points of resemblance between the situations in our two countries, and then the differences, and thirdly, I should like to add something to Dr Urquhart's observations or enlarge on them.
MANAGEMENT: The INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGE
Authors: ASTON B.R. , BRODIE M.B.
Published: February 2008

In the past, the view taken of the job of management was essentially entrepreneurial. A man was in a position of responsibility and leadership because of natural endowment, not because of his formal education. It was a matter of personality, almost to the exclusion of other factors. Management was not a job for the intellectual and an undue exercise of the intellect in certain circumstances could be inimical to effective management. To the extent that the job might have been seen as requiring rationality, it was rationality at a mechanical level. The ‘scientific management’ movement expressed this very well. From this, it was only a short step to an anti‐intellectual view, of which there are still exponents, not only amongst managers themselves, but even, ironically, amongst those in the training field.
SOME ASPECTS OF INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION IN The SOVIET UNION
Authors: GRAYSON T.J.
Published: February 2008

Basically there are two industrial classification systems in operation in the Soviet Union: the classification of industrial documents and their related commodities, and the classification of industrial workpieces. However, these two systems exist in diverse forms. In this paper it is proposed to examine some of the codes which either have direct state approval through ministerial or All‐Union research institute agencies, or have been specifically designed for standardizing component production.
The NEXT HUNDRED WEEKS IN CHEMICAL INFORMATION
Authors: SOMERFIELD G.A.
Published: February 2008

Chemistry is an extremely wide subject, which is difficult to cover completely in a short talk. I intend, therefore, to describe some of the projects that OSTI is supporting to illustrate their likely effect on chemical information in general.
USE OF PACKAGE PROGRAMS FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING
Authors: MASSEY E.
Published: February 2008

The main aspects of Information Processing are collection, file creation (including indexing), analysis, retrieval, presentation and dissemination. The term ‘Information retrieval’ is too frequently used in lieu of ‘information processing’’ and I believe that one of the major dangers in designing an information processing system is that by calling it an information retrieval system the design can be implicitly motivated to concentrate on the narrower aspects of retrieval at the expense of the broad issues of what information needs to be collected and filed and why and how it should be processed.
The ONE‐MAN INFORMATION UNIT—UTILIZING The ASLIB NETWORK
Authors: THORNTON H.
Published: February 2008

AT the outset of this short paper I must underline the fact that I speak from experience of the textile industry only—that is, machine manufacture and textile technology—and recognize the fact that in other spheres, for example nuclear energy and space technology, requirements may be completely different. However, since I reckon I am representative of any number of smaller libraries, I hope what I have to say may have some relevance.
ORGANIZING AND PLANNING SIRAID AND OTHER SERVICES OF SIRA'S INDUSTRIAL COMMUNICATIONS GROUP
Authors: MYERS J.M.
Published: February 2008

The purpose of this paper is to describe a simulation approach to the management of information and library services. The technique is being developed to aid in organizing and planning Siraid and other industrial communications activity at Sira (British Scientific Instruments Research Association). To put this work in context it will be helpful to indicate the nature of this activity and its relevance to the current functions of Sira.
CURRENT AWARENESS SEARCHES ON CT, CBAC AND ASCA
Authors: ABBOT M.T.J. , HUNTER P.S. , SIMKINS M.A.
Published: February 2008

During the past year we have been one of the organizations participating in the Chemical Society's experiment on the use of routine computer searches of Chemical Titles (CT) and Chemical‐Biological Activities (CBAC) for current awareness. For some time we have also been subscribing to the Automatic Subject Citation Alert (ASCA), which is produced by the Institute for Scientific Information as a by‐product of the Science Citation Index. These three sources differ in their scope and methods, but share the same ultimate objective of providing a computer‐based current awareness service.
GHILLYING FOR SCIENCE—ROD OR NET?
Authors: BATTEN W.E.
Published: February 2008

I suppose the first duty of a hunter's servant is to know what kind of quarry the laird is looking for. In the great field sport of information, I often think that we serve a remarkably inarticulate gathering of lairds. True, he will probably specify fish or fowl, but he leaves you to guess whether he wants a fine trout or a shoal of minnows. The statistical laird (if we may invent so unlikely an abstraction) needs either, of course—and at his own choice; but even so you usually have to be a thought reader before you reach for the rod or the net, as the case may be.
The DUALITY OF The CHEMIST'S LANGUAGE
Authors: BATTEN W.E.
Published: February 2008

The chemist enjoys a richness of means of expression that is not to be found in all activities. When I say ‘enjoys’, of course, I do not imply that nature has been copiously generous and bountiful; the semantics of chemistry are as much a tribute to succeeding generations of chemists as is the theory and practice of the subject itself. To a great extent, I suppose, the nature of the subject demanded an exceedingly informative and definitive language, and progress would have been the slower without it. But few other activities, it seems to me, have been at such conscious and scholarly pains to provide and to cherish both vocabularies and notations for the recording and exposition of their aims and achievements. Musicians and mathematicians, for example, have both evolved highly specialized notations for the embodiment of their creative thought. Both notations are highly informative—in the Shannon sense; i.e. they are packed full of information and have very little redundancy. But neither vocation, it seems to me, is satisfactorily articulate in ordinary language; they are in much the same difficulty as the wine merchant, whose English can perhaps be enjoyed for its quaint whimsiness but not for its ability to convey a useful description to the palate.
ELECTRONIC MATERIALS INFORMATION CENTRE
Authors: ROYLE A.
Published: February 2008

The production of electronic materials and the design and manufacture of electronic devices is now such a sophisticated industry that within it there exist three fairly distinct technologies, and scientists working in this industry tend to belong to one of the following three groups. First there are the materials scientists, who work on the preparation of single crystals, the formation of p‐n junctions, the growth of epitaxial layers, the deposition of thin films. Secondly there are those who work on materials assessment, carrying out electrical measurements to determine carrier concentration, lifetime, etc., or using optical and electron microscopes, microprobe analysers and mass spectrometers to investigate the properties of electronic materials and to assess their device potential. Thirdly there are the device engineers, who design and manufacture a vast range of solid‐state devices. These three groups are strongly interdependent and one simplified way of looking at the relationships between them is to consider the materials scientists as producers, the device engineers as consumers, with the materials assessment group acting as a consumer association. Within this system the EMIC seeks to act as an intermediary and to connect the demand to the supply, but not to act as a retailer.
41st ASLIB ANNUAL CONFERENCE, CANTERBURY 1968
Authors: VERDON‐SMITH REGINALD
Published: February 2008

I should like to talk for a short while about one or two features of the industrial background against which the hopes and aspirations of specialist activities such as yours, or at any rate many of you, have to be judged and measured, judged in the context of the private opportunity for achievement, and of the public benefit, and measured by reference to their scale, their availability and their cost.
The MICROFICHE FOUNDATION AND The AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION IN MICROFICHE FORM
Authors: VAN DER WOLK L.J.
Published: February 2008

Once upon a time, in a nearby low country appropriately called The Netherlands, in a town well known for its antique beauty and called after its porcelain ware Delft, a couple of librarians with high ideals and a practical sense that heeded no beauty founded the Microfiche Foundation. They went to the local notary public, produced from their own pockets the money required for founding such an institution and had the pleasure of seeing their brainchild duly registered, after which the notary said his bill was exactly the amount of money on the table. So that the child started its career with the bare minimum of goods. And so it has always been. And if at the end of the journey it may look back at a fruitful life this will not be due to its riches, nor always to generous support, but to the belief and the perseverance of its followers.
INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS SPONSORED BY FID
Authors: SVIRIDOV F.A.
Published: February 2008

Tremendous scientific and technological progress is one of the major factors in the development of modern society. The increasing number of specialists engaged in research and development and constantly growing appropriations for this field of activity have resulted, among other things, in a vast volume of information produced. Both this and also the ever‐increasing demands of the scientific and technical community for quick access to relevant information make international co‐operation in scientific and technical information and documentation vitally important.
DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION LEADING TO FORMAL QUALIFICATION
Authors: RICHNELL D.T.
Published: February 2008

The developments in education in librarianship and information science in the last five years have been remarkable. They stem partly from the general development of higher education, and partly from the growing realization of the importance of library and information work in our present and future society. The introduction of the 1964 syllabus of the Library Association, and subsequently the postgraduate syllabus, was a landmark. Whatever criticisms may be made of these syllabuses, they placed education for librarianship firmly on a full‐time basis for the first time, and led to the rapid expansion and improvement of the library schools. My own experience as an examiner for the Library Association convinces me of the marked raising of standards that has resulted. A measure of internal examining has been introduced, and this is likely to be extended, thereby providing for a much greater flexibility in teaching and course work.
The BSc DEGREE IN INFORMATION SCIENCE AT NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE
Authors: WILSON T.D.
Published: February 2008

‘A peculiarity of the study of (Information Science) is its lack of demarcations: sooner or later the student of (Information Science) finds himself wandering into fields that are occupied by other sciences. The practical difficulty of drawing a dividing‐line between the legitimate scope of (Information Science) and that of other studies is so great that we are often told there is no science of (Information). This lack of definiteness adds a charm to the subject and is fertile in the production of new idea, for it is at the fringe of a science that originality has its scope.’
STANDARDS IN EDUCATION IN INFORMATION SCIENCE
Authors: FARRADANE J.
Published: February 2008

The courses in Information Science at the City University (formerly Northampton College of Advanced Technology), which started with a two‐year part‐time evening course in January 1961, were the first in the world to attempt to cover the whole field of information work as a definitive discipline. They were based on the syllabus devised by the Institute of Information Scientists. The success of the evening course led to the establishment of a full‐time one‐year course in September 1963. Drexel College of Technology, in the United States, had started a one‐year course earlier in 1963. The original one‐year course in London was for an academic year, and led to a Diploma. When the College became the City University, in 1967, the full‐time course was extended to a calendar year, and this leads to the degree of Master of Science in Information Science. Researches are also being undertaken.
INFORMATION IN MARKET RESEARCH
Authors: HUTCHESSON B.N.P.
Published: February 2008

With the time available to me today I am forced to be selective, and I propose to interpret my title as applying strictly to market research on the products of the chemical industry.
CURRENT TRENDS IN GOVERNMENT STATISTICS FOR The CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: ADLER L.S.
Published: February 2008

The title for this paper was selected advisedly, for it will serve to correct a popular misconception about the part the Chemical Industries Association plays in the collection and dissemination of statistics about the chemical industry.
RESEARCH AT ASLIB
Authors: VICKERY B.C.
Published: February 2008

The Aslib Research Department was set up in 1959. Because of the difficulty of identifying the most significant problems and the need to establish appropriate experimental techniques, it initially tried its hand using a variety of approaches. During the period 1959–64 a survey was made of some fifty industrial information/library units, using structured interviews to collect data; a questionnaire study of the literature‐searching methods used by research scientists was undertaken, and a number of library procedures and problems were quantitatively surveyed. These latter included delays in binding, borrowing costs, inter‐library loan patterns and the effectiveness of translation indexes. Another subject investigated during this same period was conference proceedings: duplication of publication, their lack of subject indexes, and their coverage by abstracting services.
LINGUISTICS AND TRANSLATION
Authors: HARTMAN R.R.K.
Published: February 2008

AS an ‘applied linguist’ I look at the process of translation as one of the most interesting and fascinating interlingual operations we know—although we really don't know enough about it.
The UDC IN ITS INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS
Authors: LLOYD G.A.
Published: February 2008

Universal Decimal Classification—dying duck or live bird?—or some such title—was suggested to me, but this is highly debatable, and there will hardly be time for the duck‐shooters to develop a concerted onslaught in the half‐hour or so allowed us for discussion. Besides, I hope to be able to convince you—if the BSI's fine efforts have not already done so—that the UDC is by no means the dying duck—certainly not the dead duck—that some of its severest critics seem to imagine. Perhaps the bird has ceased to soar as it once did in the times of Otlet, La Fontaine, Bradford and Donker Duyvis, but that it is still viable in the turbulent air of current documentation may be gauged from a recent FID inquiry aimed at obtaining figures for the distribution of UDC editions and an approximate estimate of the number of users throughout the world.
The CZECHOSLOVAK SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY SERVICES
Authors: WRIGHT GORDON H.
Published: February 2008

My first visit to Czechoslovakia in May last year coincided with the evolvement of their ideas for a more nationally orientated communist state with more freedom to criticize its administration on policy decisions. It was a stimulating visit, and one which I shall always remember as a glimpse of the courage, endurance, patience and intelligence of a civilized, cultural populace groping back towards the control of their own destiny. My visit earlier this year saddened me.
The MINISTRY OF TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Authors: GILES C.G.
Published: February 2008

The Ministry of Technology represents an entirely new approach to the interaction of Government and industry. On its formation, Mintech was given the task of ‘guiding and stimulating a major national effort to bring advanced technology and new processes into British industry’. What has happened is that the old idea has been abandoned that science should be kept at arm's length from the main Government machine in order to preserve the integrity of research. The task is now seen as one of bringing industry and the Government research establishments together, in order to get the best possible cross‐fertilization and market orientation: ‘we now regard science and technology as being in industrial policy right up to the neck’.
PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS
Authors: WOLFENDEN JOHN
Published: February 2008

It is to me a very great honour and a very great privilege that I should be allowed to address you from this particular place this evening. My first connection with Aslib, so far as I remember, was as what used to be called, in the good old days of DSIR, a Visitor. There were two people appointed by DSIR to be watchdogs. One was supposed to know something about the particular organization that DSIR was supporting and the other was not. The first of those was Dr Allibone, and I was the other. Over the years I came to know something of what Aslib was up to—I came to know rather less about what Leslie Wilson was up to—and I developed during those years a very considerable affection and even partisanship for Aslib as distinct from certain other people who were trying to spend DSIR money. That particular connection came to an end because that watchdog job has to pass round from one person to another lest the watchdog should be seduced by those on the spot and become less of a watchdog than a barker the other way. So, after a bit I had to stop doing that and now I am here in this extremely anomalous position. I do not suppose for one moment that it is any personal merit on my part that has landed me in this particular chair. What was obviously in the minds of the inner caucus who run Aslib was that you should get at the Chairman of the UGC; but the Chairman of the UGC neatly side‐stepped from Park Crescent into Bloomsbury and now you have got landed with somebody who is entirely unexpected in his official capacity as your President.
INTER‐PERSONAL UNCO‐OPERATION: SOME CAUSES AND CURES
Authors: CAMPBELL D.J.
Published: February 2008

This is a very odd paper, certainly one of the oddest ever published by Aslib: odd in subject, form and author. A patient reader will find out why.
CO‐OPERATIVE TRANSLATION SCHEME
Authors: URQUHART D.J.
Published: February 2008

Dr Urquhart said that the work done by Aslib and the National Lending Library for Science and Technology within the field of translations was only the tip of the iceberg. He, however, was looking at the whole of the iceberg of scientific and technical translations.
The SCAN SYSTEM: A REAL‐TIME FINANCIAL INFORMATION SERVICE
Authors: DICKS JOHN C.C.
Published: February 2008

The company which originated the SCAN system started up in 1965, becoming committed to this venture toward the end of 1965. Until then it had dealt in computer‐based financial information services but did not operate on the kind of scale needed to launch a commercially viable computer system of this kind.
COVER‐TO‐COVER TRANSLATIONS OF SOVIET SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS
Authors: TYBULEWICZ A.
Published: February 2008

Although I am going to deal generally with the published translations of Soviet scientific journals, some of what I have to say necessarily stems from, and is influenced by, my own experience as a full‐time editor specializing in certain Russian physics journals. I know you will forgive this bias because most of the problems associated with the translation of physics journals are common to all other specialist scientific journals.
The CONSULTANT'S ROLE AND METHODS: The WORK OF The ECONOMIST INTELLIGENCE UNIT
Authors: WEST M.J.
Published: February 2008

The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited was established in 1946 as a department of the Economist Newspaper. The Economist itself was founded in 1843 under the rather elaborate name The Economist, Weekly Commercial Times, Bankers Gazette and Railway Monitor, The Political, Literary and General Newspaper and the Intelligence Unit was its first offspring in over a hundred years. The Unit was designed to be a vehicle by which the experience, skills and knowledge of the staff of The Economist could be used to provide information and advice on the complex problems of doing business in the postwar world and to do this for fees. The Unit was to have a small staff of its own to supplement the talents of the existing Economist staff.
DATA CO‐ORDINATION IN The CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: GILCHRIST ALAN
Published: February 2008

A brief review of progress made by the Ministry of Public Building and Works in its programme of studies on data co‐ordination in the broad areas of a preferred vocabulary, classification categories, conventions, a central commodity file, procedures and codes.
FIND (Facsimile Information Network Development)
Authors: HALL JOHN J.
Published: February 2008

Find is the mnemonic for ‘Facsimile Information Network Development’ which, whilst devised and originally developed by my Centre, owes its present state of development to the support and encouragement of CIRIA and the ABC, who are together promoting a Feasibility Study in 1970. Control and direction remains with the Bristol Building Centre.
IN‐SERVICE TRAINING IN The ASLIB LIBRARY AND INFORMATION DEPARTMENT
Authors: MACK ELIZABETH
Published: February 2008

EARLY in the 1950s, it became evident that the work of the Information Department was so very broad and varied that information assistants with any specialization of subject or language could not be expected to remain in a permanent capacity at Aslib, where their knowledge could not be exploited fully. On the other hand, this very breadth and variety offered an exceptional opportunity to gain experience in using sources of information of all kinds in many different fields. A training scheme was therefore developed for scientists in their first year after graduation. This was before the initiation of formal postgraduate education for information scientists, but the scheme has continued as a practical alternative for science, economics or language graduates who have decided on information work as a career but have opted against following a vocational course. Throughout the 1960s, four Traineeships were offered, for which seventy or eighty applications were received each year.
The SIGNIFICANCE OF STAFF STRUCTURE AND PROMOTION POLICY
Authors: BOODSON K.
Published: February 2008

Youhave heard two papers on different aspects of training in library and information units. The object of training must be to enable the individual to make a more effective contribution to the total effort of the unit; it is logical to look beyond, to the impact of training and development, to the recognition of the result of greater effectiveness, and to the question of incentive and promotion. This is the purpose of this paper, to consider some aspects of these matters, and particularly the possibility of grading and assessment of library work, and their relation to staff recruitment, incentive, and promotion. It is proposed to look generally at principles of job evaluation for non‐manual work, to examine what special requirements there might be in the assessment of library and information staffs, and to outline the provisions of a scheme which could meet these requirements.
CO‐OPERATIVE SCHEMES FOR IN‐SERVICE TRAINING
Authors: COLLEY D.I.
Published: February 2008

Ten years ago, Professor McGregor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology published a book called The human side of enterprise. In it he described two theoretical assumptions of management, the old and the new. The old, he called theory X. In brief, theory X states that man is essentially lazy; carrots and sticks are required to get him to work at all; man lacks initiative and will do everything possible to avoid responsibility. The new, McGregor called theory Y. Theory Y states that work is natural to man; man will work hard; and will seek responsibility and show considerable initiative in the service of objectives to which he is committed.
SUBJECT AND MISSION‐ORIENTATED SCHEMES: The INTERNATIONAL PATTERN AS INDICATED BY CAS, INSPEC, INIS AND OTHERS
Authors: BARRETT J.W.
Published: February 2008

Our theme today is International Developments in Scientific Information Services but I intend to limit my remarks to computer‐based secondary information systems. It is certainly not necessary for me to dwell on the great growth rate of scientific information except to remind us that it is this growth rate which demands new attitudes and the use of all available technology to permit adequate storage, retrieval and use of the ever growing store and daily output of scientific and technical information.
INVESTMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: RITCHIE‐CALDER LORD
Published: February 2008

One of the good‐intentioned phrases which has become current in international relations is ‘investment in human resources’.
SPECIFICATIONS, STANDARDS AND ALLIED PUBLICATIONS FOR UK MILITARY AIRCRAFT
Authors: REEVES S.K.
Published: February 2008

This is a large and complex subject and one which cannot be treated comprehensively and in depth in the course of a short lecture such as this. However, an attempt will be made to acquaint you with the main series of specifications and standards which are employed in the UK to shape and govern the design of aerospace vehicles and to say something about their purpose, broad classification and genesis.