bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simple method for numerical modelling of mechanical behaviour of an energy pile
Authors: Yavari N. , Tang A. M. , Pereira J.-M. , Hassen G.
Published: July 2014

A commercial numerical code was used to simulate the mechanical behaviour of energy piles under thermo-mechanical loadings. The thermal load was simply simulated by imposing on the pile volumetric strains calculated from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material. Simulations were performed for two existing in situ experiments and one experiment performed using a physical laboratory model. Comparison between the simulations and experimental results shows that this decoupling method can satisfactorily predict the experimentally observed phenomena of pile head movement under thermal cycles at various mechanical loads and change of pile axial load along the pile under thermal cycles. The results highlight the important role played by thermal volume change of the pile on the mechanical behaviour of the energy pile under thermo-mechanical loadings.
Discharge Summary for Medically Complex Infants Transitioning to Primary Care
Authors: Peacock Jennifer J.
Published: July 2014

Improvements in the care of the premature infant and advancements in technology are increasing life expectancy of infants with medical conditions once considered lethal; these infants are at risk of becoming a medically complex infant. Complex infants have a significant existing problem list, are on several medications, and receive medical care by several specialists. Deficits in communication and information transfer at the time of discharge remain problematic for this population. A questionnaire was developed for primary care providers (PCPs) to explore the effectiveness of the current discharge summary because it is related to effective communication when assuming the care of a new patient with medical complexity. PCPs assuming the care of these infants agree that an evidence-based tool, in the form of a specialized summary for this population, would be of value.
A team-based scheduling model for interfacing or-parallel prolog engines
Authors: Santos João , Rocha Ricardo
Published: July 2014

Logic Programming languages, such as Prolog, offer a great potential for the
exploitation of implicit parallelism. One of the most noticeable sources of
implicit parallelism in Prolog programs is or-parallelism. Or-parallelism
arises from the simultaneous evaluation of a subgoal call against the clauses
that match that call. Nowadays, multicores and clusters of multicores are
becoming the norm and, although, many parallel Prolog systems have been
developed in the past, to the best of our knowledge, none of them was
specially designed to explore the combination of shared and distributed
memory architectures. Conceptually, an or-parallel Prolog system consists of
two components: an or-parallel engine (i.e., a set of independent Prolog
engines which we named a team of workers) and a scheduler. In this work, we
propose a team-based scheduling model to efficiently exploit parallelism
between different or-parallel engines running on top of clusters of
multicores. Our proposal defines a layered approach where a second-level
scheduler specifies a clean interface for scheduling work between the base
or-parallel engines, thus enabling different scheduling combinations to be
used for distributing work among workers inside a team and among teams.
Visual programming of MPI applications: Debugging, performance analysis, and performance prediction
Authors: Böhm Stanislav , Bĕhálek Marek , Meca Ondřej , Surkovský Martin
Published: July 2014

In our research, we try to simplify the development of parallel applications
in the area of the scientific and engineering computations for distributed
memory systems. The difficulties of this task lie not only in programming
itself, but also in a complexity of supportive activities like debugging and
performance analyses. We are developing a unifying framework where it is
possible to create parallel applications and perform various supportive
activities. The unifying element, that interconnects all these activities, is
our visual model that is inspired by Colored Petri Nets. It is used to define
the parallel behavior and the same model is used to show the inner state of
the developed application back to the user. This paper presents how to extend
this approach for debugging, tracing, and performance predictions. It also
presents benefits obtained by their interconnection. The presented ideas are
integrated into our open source tool Kaira (http://verif.cs.vsb.cz/kaira).
Kaira is a prototyping tool, where a user can implement his/her ideas and
experiment with them in a short time, create a real running program and
verify its performance and scalability.
Teachers’ perceptions of factors impeding school improvement in Serbia
Authors: Josic Smiljana , Dzinovic Vladimir , Cirovic Ivana
Published: July 2014

In the last ten years the education system in Serbia has undergone a series
of innovations which have encountered various obstacles. Teachers, as the key
actors in the implementation of innovations, have implicit perceptions which
may impact on the success of any school improvement. Therefore this study
employed a mixed methods research strategy to investigate what teachers see
as the obstacles to school improvement. A qualitative study implied four
focus groups with teachers, while quantitative data was gathered through a
questionnaire completed by 1,441 teachers from 40 primary schools from
different regions around Serbia. Factor analysis confirmed that the potential
obstacles could be grouped into six factors (Teachers? incompetence, Material
and organizational barriers, Lack of systemic support, Student related
barriers, Lack of communication within the school, Lack of communication
between schools and stakeholders). Teachers see the biggest obstacles to
school improvement in student related and material and organizational
barriers. Teachers do not see themselves as the most significant source of
problems in improving the work of schools, but transfer responsibility onto
more general issues and external agents.
Rating Agency Adjustments to GAAP Financial Statements and Their Effect on Ratings and Credit Spreads
Authors: Kraft Pepa
Published: July 2014

I examine a dataset of both quantitative (hard) adjustments to firms' reported U.S. GAAP financial statement numbers and qualitative (soft) adjustments to firms' credit ratings that Moody's develops and uses in its credit rating process. I first document differences between firms' reported and Moody's adjusted numbers that are both large and frequent across firms. For example, primarily because of upward adjustments to interest expense and debt attributable to firms' off-balance sheet debt, on average, adjusted coverage (cash flow-to-debt) ratios are 27 percent (8 percent) lower and adjusted leverage ratios are 70 percent higher than the corresponding U.S. GAAP ratios. I then find that Moody's hard and soft rating adjustments are associated with significantly higher credit spreads and flatter credit spread term structures. Overall, the results indicate that Moody's quantitative adjustments to financial statement numbers and qualitative adjustments to credit ratings enable it to better capture default risk, consistent with it effectively processing both hard and soft information.
Somatotypes in Sport
Authors: Tóth Teodor , Michalíková Monika , Bednarčíková Lucia , Živčák Jozef , Kneppo Peter
Published: July 2014

The submitted article deals with the evaluation of the somatotype of persons and determination of a suitable somatotype for selected sports. In the introduction the method for determining and evaluating a somatotype according to Carter and Heath is characterised. The processes used for calculating the individual components - endomorphy, mesomorphy, ectomorphy - are presented as well as a description of these elements. The calculated components are subsequently put into a somatograph. The evaluation of a somatotype is of great benefit and offers a guideline with the selection of sporting activities; it subsequently helps assign athletes into a suitable position where they will be able to best develop their talents in view of their bodily construction. In this work two types of sports are evaluated - basketball and bodybuilding. With each sport the measurements which give the prerequisites for the given sport are presented. The selection of the presented sports was made with regard to the different requirements and demands in the scope of bodily constitution. The aim of the presented paper is to assess physical parameters of subjects groups in relation to selected sports (basketball and bodybuilding). Based on the body constitution to determine the conditions for developing the physical condition and success in the appointed sports. Another objective is to compare the rating form and equation methods for somatotype determination. The sample consist 32 subjects with age between 22-28 years of both sexes, who are dedicated to basketball, or bodybuilding at amateur level.
Survey on privacy preserving data mining techniques in health care databases
Authors: Gál Tamás Zoltán , Kovács Gábor , Kardkovács Zsolt T.
Published: July 2014

In health care databases, there are tireless and antagonistic interests between data mining research and privacy preservation, the more you try to hide sensitive private information, the less valuable it is for analysis. In this paper, we give an outlook on data anonymization problems by case studies. We give a summary on the state-of-the-art health care data anonymization issues including legal environment and expectations, the most common attacking strategies on privacy, and the proposed metrics for evaluating usefulness and privacy preservation for anonymization. Finally, we summarize the strength and the shortcomings of different approaches and techniques from the literature based on these evaluations.
Impact of selected stand characteristics on the occurrence of the bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) in the Beskid Żywiecki Mountains
Authors: Grodzki Wojciech , Starzyk Jerzy R. , Kosibowicz Mieczysław
Published: July 2014

Recently, Norway spruce stands in Beskid Żywiecki (Western Carpathians) have been plagued by bark beetle outbreak affecting an extensive area over a large range of altitudes. Georeferenced data (2356 records) from 2009-2011 of the volume of felled spruces showing insect infestation in forest sub-compartments were analysed with respect to selected site and stand characteristics. The infestation intensity varied between individual parts of the examined area. Spruce mortality, recorded evenly across all slope expositions, was higher in the zones 800 m - 1000 m and above 1000 m than in the zone below 800 m. The infestation intensity increased slightly with spruce representation in the stands and was higher in stands older than 80 years. There was no clear correlation between spruce mortality and site quality. However, in areas with more diverse and fertile sites mortality was lower. In overall, the results obtained in this study are in line with previous knowledge on the subject, but patterns describing bark beetle preferences in infested areas appear to be less pronounced than those found in earlier publications. Risk assessment and current planning of forest protection measures in stands affected by bark beetle outbreaks should be based on the here described characteristics of spruce susceptibility to insect infection.
The trophic requirements of selected underwood species occurring in forests
Authors: Lasota Jarosław , Błońska Ewa , Wanic Tomasz , Zwydak Maciej
Published: July 2014

The subject of this study were soil requirements of common woody shrubs, which may be part of the forest understory (Sorbus aucuparia L., Frangula alnus Mill., Corylus avellana L., Juniperus communis L., Padus avium Mill., Euonymus europaea L., Sambucus nigra L.). We focused on phytocenoses in the vicinity of natural forests in reserves and national parks of Polish lowlands and defined optimal types and subtypes of soil with trophic variations for each underwood species. The range of trophism for each species of shrub was determined using specific physicochemical properties of the soils, while soil quality was assessed using the Trophic Soil Index (SIG) (Brożek et al. 2011a). The ecological requirements of the before-mentioned underwood species were linked with forest typology as well as natural vegetation and they showed different soil requirements. Here we report significant differences in particle size and dynamics of organic matter decomposition in soils associated with these underwood species.
Timber prices after natural disasters in the Forest District of Węgierska Górka
Authors: Sikora Adam Tomasz , Ukalska Joanna
Published: July 2014

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of increased timber logging after natural disasters on timber assortments, unit prices, as well as average prices of timber spruce and total timber. The net sales prices of the years 2004-2010, available from the database of the State Forests Information System (SFIS) for the Forest District of Węgierska Górka, were analysed and compared to the prices of selected forest districts within the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Cracow (RDSF). The forest districts were classified based on the volume of logged timber leading to a separation into two groups of two and six forest districts. Moreover, we tested for significance in the linear trends of relevant characteristics and determined confidence intervals. Furthermore, we calculated the rate of growth (decrease) of the unit prices. Our studies show a decrease in price of only some of the timber assortments despite a significantly increased supply. Price declines were observed for the average prices of timber spruce and total timber due to their lowered quality. The price of timber assortments was mainly determined by effects of macroeconomic factors.
Corporate social responsibility level – theoretical approach
Authors: Rojek-Nowosielska Magdalena
Published: July 2014

The paper presents a theoretical method for assessing the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) using original concept of CSR continuum model (CSR CM). The CSR CM constitutes from two main parameters: the institutional level of CSR and the CSR area. Theoretical background for the institutional levels is the CMM concept. The identified areas of the CSR CM consist of such as: employees, customers, suppliers, local community and natural environment.
Implementation of CSR concept in manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Szczanowicz Justyna , Saniuk Sebastian
Published: July 2014

This article constitutes an attempt to propose a concept model for the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. Poor CSR awareness and implementation across the SME sector is presented and discussed on the basis of research carried out by Polish Agency for Enterprise Development. The article recommends approach where the hierarchy of different levels of Corporate Social Responsibility forms the fundament upon which the company builds its competitive advantage. Attention is also drowned to the development of practices important from the point of view of key stakeholders in order to increase the effectiveness of CSR activities which are seen as instrumental in enhancing the competitiveness of the whole enterprises.
The role of flexibility in building the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises
Authors: Matejun Marek
Published: July 2014

Flexibility is perceived as the key factor determining the competitiveness and a competitive edge of contemporary organizations, as it is one of the most basic qualitative features of this category of entities. Taking this into account, the author of the article decided to present and evaluate the possibilities and conditions for using flexibility in building competitiveness of SMEs. The aim of the article was achieved through conducting surveys on the sample of 61 companies from the Lodz region.
Participation of knowledge workers at the implementation of projects in Polish enterprises
Authors: Igielski Michał
Published: July 2014

For countries of contemporary world which are functional in the global economy, more and more a vision of carrying existing economic assumptions on based on assumptions associated with current functioning is becoming fleeting. Accessing the sustainable development to the route by creating more flexible organizational structures to market hesitations, in the support can turn out to be getting out of such an impasse for many enterprises about high special human capital. Enterprises should aspire to the economy based on the knowledge. Hierarchical organizations about the slender structure are being replaced by sentence structures based on teams of project. This phenomenon is increasing meaning of the specific group of employees which are becoming knowledge workers and in building the competitive position enterprises are acting the greater role. He appears needs for the change of behaviours of employers in the attitude to employees, since depends on them more and more - their knowledge is valuable capital for the company. We must create such conditions for them can share the knowledge for them and all the time form it for the good of the company.
Human Capital from Psychoanalytic Perspective
Authors: Barabasz Adela
Published: July 2014

The article is of theoretical nature. Its aim is to present the psychoanalytic understanding of the capital which is constituted by organisation members. It is them who decides about the effects of the operations of an organisation, both its successes and failures. This article attempts at describing the psychological mechanisms which determine the complex phenomenon called ‘human capital’ of an organisation. The concept of ‘human capital’ has been confronted with one of the key attributes of an organisation, that is the hierarchy of the organisation’s structure. The article presents a psychoanalytic interpretation of organisational hierarchy in the aspect of human capital, taking into account the positive and negative consequences for all organisation members.
The position of cooperatives in the new social economy
Authors: Czternasty Waldemar
Published: July 2014

A dynamic development of market economy, broadly understood globalisation, the welfare state crisis in Western Europe etc. cause the intensification and creation of new aspects of poverty, marginalisation and social exclusion. The capabilities to solve the increasing social issues must be connected with the idea of social economy which assumes, among other things, facilitating the employment participation, access and use of any resources, laws, products and services. The opportunities of implementing those actions are linked to functioning of a specific group of entities which perform, along with the economic activity, also a social mission. Cooperatives should be classified in such group. They can be an alternative for those entities of commercial economy which are profit-oriented. Hence, the aim of this paper is to identify the interdependencies between the increase in significance of social economy in market economies (inter alia in Poland) and the pace of development of cooperative movement, indicating its directions the conditions that determine it.
Photographic survey of the prey-choice of European Bee-eaters (Merops apiaster Linnaeus, 1758) in Hungary at three colonies
Authors: Fuisz Tibor István , Vas Zoltán , Túri Katalin , Kőrösi Ádám
Published: July 2014

Prey choice of European Bee-eaters was monitored via taking pictures of parent birds carrying prey items to their perches in front of the nests between 2011 and 2013 at three colonies in Hungary: at Pócsmegyer, Nagykarácsony and Albertirsa. All the colonies were studied in the breeding season, and prey items were identified from the digital images taken of adults carrying food for their chicks. During the three years 25 days were spent with collecting photographic data, and from the thousands of pictures taken 805 were suitable for analysis. On 775 photographs the prey item was identified at least to order level. Combining data from all the colonies hymenopterans were by far the most often consumed insects (50%), followed by dragonflies (17%), while beetles, orthopterans, lepidopterans and dipterans each contributed approximately 7-9% of the consumed prey. Prey composition showed marked differences between the individual colonies, although the ratio of hymenopterans was everywhere high. Bee-eaters at Pócsmegyer, probably due to the abundance of aquatic habitats nearby on the Danube shore, consumed almost as much dragonflies as hymenopterans, and ate very few orthopterans. While at the Albertirsa colony, surrounded by agricultural fields and meadows in a more arid environment, hymenopterans dominated the prey, and orthopterans were almost as often consumed as dragonflies. Lepidopterans constituted approximately 8% of Bee-eaters’ diet in all colonies. From an insect ecological viewpoint, our study provides valuable data on the species pool that might be at risk of predation by Bee-eaters, and enables us to roughly estimate the predation pressure on some taxa, and in certain cases even on species by these birds.
Late Glacial and Holocene Vegetation Changes in the Wigry National Park, Ne Poland – New Pollen Data from Three Small Dystrophic Lakes
Authors: Fiłoc Magdalena , Kupryjanowicz Mirosława , Drzymulska Danuta
Published: July 2014

The main phases of the Late Glacial and Holocene development of vegetation in the Wigry National Park were reconstructed based on the pollen analysis of sediments from three small dystrophic lakes (Lake Suchar Wielki, Lake Suchar II and Lake Ślepe). At the current stage of research, the age of the studied deposits was determined by AMS radiocarbon dating of few samples only. This meant that the chronology of the investigated sections had to be estimated also indirectly using their palynological correlation with the radiometrically well-dated section from Lake Wigry. The obtained pollen data confirmed the picture of the postglacial vegetation changes of the Wigry National Park, which was based on earlier studies of Lake Wigry. Furthermore, it documented the existence, mainly in the Preboreal and Atlantic chronozones, of temporary changes in vegetation, which might be a reaction to a short-lived cold fluctuations of climate.
Palynology and Archaeology of Late Vistulian and Early Holocene Sites in Lubuskie Lake District, Western Poland
Authors: Okuniewska-Nowaczyk Iwona , Sobkowiak-Tabaka Iwona
Published: July 2014

The Lubuskie Lake District played an important part in recolonisation of the Polish Plain due to its location and the character of the terrain. Despite that, it is and especially its northern part, poorly explored regarding both history of Late Glacial and early Holocene settlements, and the natural environment. The paper presents results of multidisciplinary research in this area. The most spectacular discoveries were connected with remains of settlements of the Hamburgian culture societies at Myszęcin - currently the richest site of this culture over the entire North European Plain. In the vicinity of this site several Late Palaeolithic and Mesolithic settlements of varied functions were recorded. First palynological records came from the Younger Dryas sediments in this area. In a log with a palynological spectrum comprising Younger Dryas and the beginning of the Holocene, a charcoal dust was found and it could indicate human activity as humans lived at a lake shore. An important complement to the image of the Late Glacial settlement at the Lubuskie Lake District was provided by the research near Lubrza that resulted in data regarding settlements of the Federmesser and Świderian culture societies. This region was not typical in a palynological spectrum of deposits during Allerød but also indicated highly diversified thickness of basal peat in a small area.
Efficient Synthesis of New Fluorinated Building Blocks by means of Hydroformylation
Authors: Fanfoni Lidia , Diab Lisa , Smejkal Tomas , Breit Bernhard
Published: July 2014

Hydroformylation of fluorinated alkenes is an efficient method for the preparation of fluorinated functionalized building blocks for the synthesis of biologically active target structures. In this article we summarize known hydroformylation reactions of fluorinated olefins and we add
new results from our research groups. Particular attention is paid to the remarkable influence of organofluorine substituents on catalyst activity, regio- and stereoselectivity of the hydroformylation reaction.
Hypervalent Iodine-based Trifluoromethylating Agents Made in Switzerland
Authors: Santschi Nico , Togni Antonio
Published: July 2014

This account aims at providing a general overview over studies carried out in our group on 3,3-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1?3,2-benziodaoxole (1) and 1-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-1?3,2-benziodaoxol-3-one (2). While the first part deals
with the syntheses of these increasingly popular reagents, the second part provides in-depth analyses of solid state structures of different derivatives. By means of bond-length derived parameters p changes in the hypervalent bond resulting from backbone modifications could be classified.
Furthermore, it is showcased that the parameter p also correlates to solution phase reactivities. Lastly, diverse strategies directed towards the activation of the reagents are exemplified based on selected applications of 1 and 2.
La forêt du canton du Jura – ses caractéristiques et ses liens avec la surface agricole adjacente
Authors: Eschmann Patrice , Gerber Jacques , Bader Hervé
Published: July 2014

The forest of the Canton of Jura – main features and links to agriculture

The Canton of Jura has a high share of forests and wooded pastures. The forest is mostly publicly owned (72%). The essay presents the strong points of the Canton's forest: its area is large, offering space for the various forest functions, and there is a significant potential for wood production. The weak points of forestry in the Jura today, notably traditional structures and limited financial resources of owners and the Canton, are also described. Policies for agriculture and forestry are very important for rural development. The two types of policy interact directly, with synergies, but also with conflicts, at the forest edge and above all in the wooded pastures, which are an archetypal landscape of the Canton of Jura. The essay discusses the relationship between the agriculture and forest worlds, but also demonstrates the necessity of better harmonisation of practice in the framework of integrated management of the rural space. It also stresses the solutions to be found by local stakeholders. Support for adequate framework conditions and targeted financial support must be maintained when services in public interest are at stake.
At the Still Point of the Turning World: Freud's Reception of Winckelmann's Greece
Authors: Kool Sharon
Published: July 2014

Freud's theory is primarily concerned with memory, about the present contained within the past. It is also rooted to the past in another way; Freud's reception of the Greek classical tradition played a vital role in the genesis of his oeuvre. Winckelmann's revival of ‘Greece’ dominated German culture up to the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, yet besides the importance of Bildung in shaping Freud's early Gymnasium experience, his influence upon Freud is often neglected. While Freud's debt to German Hellenism is clearly demonstrated in his library of classical literature and his collection of Greco-Roman antiquities, the afterlife of Winckelmann's legacy is more subtly inscribed upon psychoanalysis. This paper focuses on Winckelmann's aesthetic reconstruction of classical Greece which made beauty, self-restraint and repression a cultural ideal to be imitated and admired. It is argued that hysteria provided one of the most powerful challenges to this ideal. Psychoanalysis can thus be seen as developing out of a milieu that was still overshadowed by Winckelmann's idealization of Greece. Further, it is argued that Winckelmann advanced a homoerotic tradition in German culture and the sedimentation of this tradition can be discerned in Freud's response to hysteria, his privileging of the masculine and his theory of bisexuality.
Subterranean Histories: The Dissemination of Freud's Works into the British Discourse on Psychological Medicine, 1904–1911
Authors: Kuhn Philip
Published: July 2014

In his late historical and autobiographical writings (the late writings) Ernest Jones makes two interrelated claims. The first, which he passes off as an historical fact, is that by 1904 there were ‘three sources of information available to [him]’ about Freud ( Jones, 1945b , p. 9). The second, which he makes by way of an autobiographical statement, is that he was already practising ‘the new therapy’ of psychoanalysis by 1906. Contemporaneous sources challenge the unspoken assumptions that run through Jones's late writings: that there was little or no discussion of Freud's ideas in Britain between 1904, when Jones claims he first started reading Freud, and November 1913 when he founded the London Psycho-Analytic Society. For reasons difficult to fathom Jones's version of history has been accepted almost without question. Lifting Jones's historical and autobiographical veils reveals a very different story: that when Jones first returned from Canada, in 1911, there was already a vibrant debate concerning the merits, or otherwise, of the new Freudian psychology and there were a number of doctors already treating patients with psychoanalysis or its variants. The paper concludes with a re-examination of Jones's relationship with M.D. Eder.
Biologizing Psychoanalysis: Konstantin Gavrilov and Freudo–Pavlovism in Argentina (1942–1960)
Authors: García Luciano Nicolás
Published: July 2014

This paper examines the work of the Russian zoologist Konstantin Gavrilov (1908–82) in Argentina, in the light of a series of authors who tried to find connections between Sigmund Freud's and Ivan Pavlov's ideas. This theoretical effort is designated as Freudo–Pavlovism, and it intended to offer neurophysiological evidence to psychoanalytical thesis in order to build a holistic theory of the psyche. Freudo–Pavlovism is considered a possible extension of Freudian ideas within an evolutionary framework. Gavrilov's ideas on the compatibility of Freudian and Pavlovian theories are analysed, as well as the support given by Argentinian psychoanalysts and the criticism that his work received by communist psychiatrists.
‘Where they desire they cannot love’: Recovering Radical Freudianism in West German Sexology (1960s–1980s)
Authors: Herzog Dagmar
Published: July 2014

What do the therapies of Masters and Johnson – the practical remedies for premature ejaculation and difficulties with orgasm – have to do with the philosophy of Theodor Adorno or the legacy of Sigmund Freud? Mentored by ex-Nazis and re-émigré Jews, mixing empirical social science research with mass media presence as public intellectuals, the young sexologists affiliated with the West German New Left worked ardently to liberalize sex-related law and mores while struggling to explain their profound ambivalence about the consumer capitalism-driven sexual revolution unfolding all around them. This is a story about how ideas crisscross the Atlantic, how paradigms change bodies, and how hard it is to make sense of intimate unhappiness. The revolution changed the experience of sex, and led the scholar-activists to rethink the nature of sex itself. The innovative, psychoanalytically inflected insights they developed can inspire us to write the histories of sexuality and psychoanalysis in new ways.
Tanacetum polycephalum (L.) Schultz-Bip. Induces Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis and Inhibits Migration and Invasion in MCF7 Cells
Authors: Karimian Hamed , Mohan Syam , Moghadamtousi Soheil , Fadaeinasab Mehran , Razavi Mahboubeh , Arya Aditya , Kamalidehghan Behnam , Ali Hapipah , Noordin Mohamad
Published: July 2014

Tanacetum polycephalum (L.) Schultz-Bip (Mokhaleseh) has been traditionally used in the treatment of headaches, migraines, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate its anticancer properties and possible mechanism of action using MCF7 as an in vitro model. T. polycephalum leaves were extracted using hexane, chloroform and methanol solvents and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using the MTT assay. Detection of the early apoptotic cells was investigated using acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. An Annexin-V-FITC assay was carried out to observe the phosphatidylserine externalization as a marker for apoptotic cells. High content screening was applied to analyze the cell membrane permeability, nuclear condensation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytochrome c release. Apoptosis was confirmed by using caspase-8, caspase-9 and DNA laddering assays. In addition, Bax/Bcl-2 expressions and cell cycle arrest also have been investigated. MTT assay revealed significant cytotoxicity of T. Polycephalum hexane extract (TPHE) on MCF7 cells with the IC50 value of 6.42 ± 0.35 µg/mL. Significant increase in chromatin condensation was also observed via fluorescence analysis. Treatment of MCF7 cells with TPHE encouraged apoptosis through reduction of MMP by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax, triggering the cytochrome c leakage from mitochondria to the cytosol. The treated MCF7 cells significantly arrested at G1 phase. The chromatographic analysis elicited that the major active compound in this extract is 8β-hydroxy-4β,15-dihydrozaluzanin C. Taken together, the results presented in this study demonstrated that the hexane extract of T. Polycephalum inhibits the proliferation of MCF7 cells, resulting in the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which was explained to be through the mitochondrial pathway.
A Peaking and Tailing Approach to Education and Curriculum Renewal for Sustainable Development
Authors: Desha Cheryl , Hargroves Karlson
Published: July 2014

Contextual factors for sustainable development such as population growth, energy, and resource availability and consumption levels, food production yield, and growth in pollution, provide numerous complex and rapidly changing education and training requirements for a variety of professions including engineering. Furthermore, these requirements may not be clearly understood or expressed by designers, governments, professional bodies or the industry. Within this context, this paper focuses on one priority area for greening the economy through sustainable development—improving energy efficiency—and discusses the complexity of capacity building needs for professionals. The paper begins by acknowledging the historical evolution of sustainability considerations, and the complexity embedded in built environment solutions. The authors propose a dual-track approach to building capacity building, with a short-term focus on improvement (i.e., making peaking challenges a priority for postgraduate education), and a long-term focus on transformational innovation (i.e., making tailing challenges a priority for undergraduate education). A case study is provided, of Australian experiences over the last decade with regard to the topic area of energy efficiency. The authors conclude with reflections on implications for the approach.
THE GLOBAL EXPERIENCE GAINED IN THE AREA OF AVIATION SECURITY FINANCING
Authors: Miziuk Valentyn
Published: July 2014

The paper discusses the basic principles of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) pertaining to the regulations of airport charges imposed for cost recovery to provide a standardized level of aviation security. The national and global experience gained in the area of aviation security financing is analyzed.
IDENTIFICATION AND MODELLING PROCESS OF DEFINING TEMPERATURE GRADIENT IN AIRPORT PAVEMENT
Authors: Ahyudanari Ervina , Shafiq Nasir , Kamaruddin Ibrahim
Published: July 2014

Preserving airport pavement means guarantying the safety operation of aircraft movements. There are four aspects that cause progressive pavement deterioration, i.e. the construction design and process, selected material, and maintenance management. One of the traffic aspects, jet engine exhaust, has not been discovered yet. The load pattern of the jet exhaust follows the schedule of aircraft traffic. The assumption held in this research is that the thermal load during aircraft movement may generate a high temperature, which is induced into pavement layers. The objective of this research is to determine the temperature gradient in the pavement, caused by the jet exhaust. This paper discusses the process of determining the temperature gradient in four stages, i.e. by carrying out the gap analysis, evaluation of pavement structures, determination of the load path and the magnitude, and defining the temperature gradient. The temperature gradient in the pavement layer is determined through the development of a model of cyclic loading. The thermal cyclic load follows the aircraft schedule pattern. The pavement temperature receives the thermal cyclic load of the sinusoid of solar radiation. The results indicate that the temperature of the pavement is increased and pavement temperature rises by 35 °C. However, after 60 seconds the remaining temperature of the pavement layer decreases to the initial temperature, which is caused by solar radiation.
THE WAY THE IDEOLOGICAL DESIRE CONCEALS THE POLITICS, OR HOW J. LACAN TEACHES US TO COMPREHEND THE DESIRE / KAIP IDEOLOGINIS VEIKSMAS PASLEPIA POLITIKĄ, ARBA KAIP J. LACANAS MOKO SUVOKTI GEISMĄ
Authors: Senūta Povilas
Published: July 2014

In this article the paradoxical similarity between the concepts of ideology and desire is discussed, when the publicly proclaimed political problems are distorted and they are proposed to be tackled as if they were undisputed truths. The critique of the ideology of the political theory and Jacques Lacan's psychoanalysis – both in a characteristic way to each – question the modern kernel of reality behind which there lurks the impossibility of the truth and of the reality, and show that the reality perceived by us is as much ideological as traumatic. In the article it is attempted to discuss the way these two concepts supplement and broaden each other. The ideology and the desire as the centers of the political visualization allow us to ask anew: what is real? And what lies beneath this explicated appearance?
Straipsnyje aptariamas paradoksalus ideologijos ir lakaniškojo geismo sąvokų panašumas, kai iškreipiamos viešai deklaruojamos politinės problemos ir siūloma jas spręsti taip, tarsi jos būtų nekvestionuojama tiesa. Politinės teorijos ideologijos kritika ir Jacques'o Lacano psichoanalizė – abi disciplinos savaip – kvestionuoja modernų tikrovės branduolį, už kurio slepiasi tiesos ir tikrovės negalimybė, ir parodo, kad mūsų suvokiama tikrovė yra tiek pat ideologinė, kiek ir trauminė. Straipsnyje siekiama aptarti, kaip šios dvi sąvokos viena kitą papildo ir praplečia. Ideologija ir geismas, kaip politinės vizualizacijos centrai, iš naujo leidžia klausti: Kas yra tikra? Kas slypi po šia eksplikuojama regimybe?
PROCESSES OF COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN CULTURALLY HETEROGENEOUS CITIES ON THE EXAMPLES OF BIAŁYSTOK AND LUBLIN / KOLEKTYVINĖS ATMINTIES PROCESAI KULTŪRIŠKAI HETEROGENIŠKUOSE MIESTUOSE: BALSTOGĖS IR LIUBLINO ATVEJAI
Authors: Sztop-Rutkowska Katarzyna , Białous Maciej
Published: July 2014

The article presents the results of empirical research concerning the collective memory in Białystok and Lublin – two largest cities in the Eastern Poland. Before World War II they were multi-ethnic cities with big and important communities of Poles, Jews, Germans, Ukrainians and Belarusians. Their contemporary ethnic structure was formed as a result of World War II, in particular the Holocaust, post-war border shifts and intense migration from the countryside to the city in the next decades. Both Białystok and Lublin are an example of the typical cities in Central and Eastern Europe, which after World War II the memory politics was built on in the completely new political and social circumstances. We aim to confront the contemporary official memory of the cities, transmitted by major public institutions and the vernacular memories of their present inhabitants. Straipsnyje pristatomi Balstogės ir Liublino – dviejų didžiausių Rytų Lenkijos miestų kolektyvinės atminties empirinio tyrimo rezultatai. Prieš Antrąjį pasaulinį karą tai buvo daugiaetniniai miestai, turintys dideles ir svarbias lenkų, žydų, vokiečių, ukrainiečių ir baltarusių bendruomenes. Šių miestų šiuolaikinė struktūra susiformavo kaip Antrojo pasaulinio karo, ypač holokausto, sienų persislinkimų pokario metu ir vėlesniais dešimtmečiais vykusios intensyvios migracijos iš kaimo į miestus, rezultatas. Tiek Balstogė, tiek Liublinas yra tipiški Vidurio ir Rytų Europos miestų pavyzdžiai, kurių atminties politika po Antrojo pasaulinio karo buvo kuriama visiškai naujomis politinėmis ir socialinėmis aplinkybėmis. Straipsnyje siekiama palyginti šiuolaikinę oficialią šių miestų atmintį, kurios reguliavimas perduotas pagrindinėms viešosioms institucijoms, ir dabartinių miestų gyventojų vietines atmintis.
CONSUMPTION AS A VALUE IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY / VARTOJIMAS KAIP VERTYBĖ SOCIALINIO STABILUMO KONTEKSTE
Authors: Pruskus Valdas
Published: July 2014

The article discusses the phenomenon of consumption in the market society. The factors that promote and support the consumption as a value, the lifestyle and the way to success are analyzed.

Myths from consumption society, which promote using, are examined; their impact on individual power and social psychological aspects is discussed. The challenge of using which contributes to the sustainability of society is under discussion. It is shown that these myths help strengthen individual's dependence on the consumption standard, essentially deprive him / her of freedom of choice, they do not encourage the self-activity of an individual and they do not develop responsibility for his / her choices (which is the basis for the stability of democracy). The individual who is constantly guided and habituated to use standardized material and intellectual goods and services, developing dependence on them, readily becomes regulable consumer also in the market of political services. In this way, the assumptions are created for flourishing of controllable democracy. It is confirmed that consumption without control is not a reliable basis for the sustainability of society.
Factors Associated with Mortality and Infections in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Authors: Martinez-Martinez Marco Ulises , Sturbaum Anne K. , Alcocer-Varela Jorge , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Gómez-Martin Diana , Gómez-Bañuelos José de Jesús Eduardo , Saavedra Miguel Ángel , Enciso-Peláez Sandra , Faugier-Fuentes Enrique , Maldonado-Velázquez Rocío , Suárez-Larios Luz María , Vega-Morales David , Casasola-Vargas Julio César , Carrillo Pérez Diego Luis , Abril Andy , Butendieck Ronald , Irazoque-Palazuelos Fedra , Abud-Mendoza Carlos
Published: July 2014

Objective.

To evaluate factors associated with mortality and infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH).

Methods.

A retrospective chart review was carried out for medical admissions of patients with a diagnosis of SLE and DAH in 9 hospitals. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded for each patient at DAH diagnosis.

Results.

We included 57 episodes of DAH of 50 patients (7 recurrences), 49 women (86%), 14 juvenile SLE (24.6%); 24 had died (42.1%). In the chart review we detected infection in 22 episodes (38.6%): 8 invasive fungal infections, 16 bacterial infections, and 2 patients had both types. In the bivariate analysis, factors associated with mortality were high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, requirement of mechanical ventilation (OR 15.0, 95% CI 1.9 to 662.2), infections (fungal or bacterial; OR 3.2, CI 0.9 to 11.1), renal failure (OR 4.9, CI 1.4 to 18.0), and thrombocytopenia (OR 4.3, CI 1.2 to 15.6). We found similar mortality between children and adults. Infections were associated with treatment for SLE, requirement of mechanical ventilation, hypocomplementemia, and high levels of C-reactive protein.

Conclusion.

Infection is a frequent finding in patients with DAH and SLE; we found similar mortality between adult SLE and juvenile SLE. Factors that we describe associated with infections may influence the therapeutic selection for these patients.
L'appareil sécuritaire syrien, socle d'un régime miné par la guerre civile
Authors: Belhadj Souhaïl
Published: July 2014

Le déclenchement de la guerre civile syrienne en 2011 n’a pas conduit à l’effondrement du régime baasiste contrairement aux prévisions qui avaient été avancées. Le président Assad et le pouvoir syrien en général connaissent même un second souffle si l’on se fie aux données militaires, politiques et diplomatiques actuelles du conflit civil. La raison décisive, car en elle-même suffisante, pour expliquer la résilience du régime baasiste est la cohésion de l’élite sécuritaire du pays. Cette élite constitue le socle du régime parce qu’elle est à la tête de l’administration du renseignement, l’organisation la plus ramifiée et la plus enracinée socialement de l’Etat syrien. C’est donc en se fondant avant tout sur des facteurs explicatifs internes que l’on peut saisir la dynamique de la guerre civile syrienne, même si des facteurs externes – l’implication des puissances étrangères – doivent être impérativement pris en considération.
La politique syrienne de l'Iran : entre intérêts stratégiques et débats internes
Authors: Coville Thierry
Published: July 2014

L’Iran soutient le gouvernement syrien dans la guerre civile car ce pays lui donne accès au monde arabe et permet une liaison directe avec le Hezbollah. De plus, il dit devoir répondre en Syrie à une « stratégie d’agression » menée par l’Arabie saoudite à travers le soutien à des groupes tafkiristes. Cependant, sa position sur la Syrie n’est pas figée et sous l’influence du nouveau président iranien, Téhéran pourrait jouer un rôle utile pour sortir de cette crise.
L'« axe de la résistance » dans le feu syrien : perspective du Hezbollah
Authors: Leroy Didier
Published: July 2014

Initialement constitué de l’Iran, de la Syrie, du Hezbollah libanais et du Hamas palestinien, l’« axe du refus » a subi un coup dur dans le contexte de la guerre syrienne. Le présent texte explore le caractère disparate de cette coalition moyen-orientale, en adoptant pour angle d’approche celui du Hezbollah devenu protagoniste du conflit. Cet exercice révèle certes des intérêts communs qui expliquent la réalité partielle de ce paradigme mais il met également en relief des agendas propres à chaque acteur qui trahissent la virtualité relative de celui-ci.
Etats-Unis et Russie : les balbutiements de la « Guerre froide »
Authors: Delanoë Igor
Published: July 2014

La crise syrienne a consacré le rôle d’hegemon régional retrouvé par Moscou sur la scène moyen-orientale. Le succès diplomatique de la Russie en Syrie s’inscrit dans le contexte de rééquilibrage de la pax americana au Moyen-Orient consécutif au pivot asiatique de Washington. Russes et Américains disposent néanmoins d’intérêts convergents qui devraient les amener à coopérer sur la scène diplomatique et sécuritaire moyen-orientale.