bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Określenie zasobów energii wiatru w Polsce z wykorzystaniem rezultatów numerycznych modeli meteorologicznych = Determination of wind-energy resources in Poland using the results of numerical meteorological models
Authors: Mazur Andrzej
Published: May 2022

The article presents a comparison of the results of calculations of wind energy resources based on measurements at meteorological stations and on the basis of the results of the COSMO meteorological model in three basic resolutions in the period of 2011-2019. The aim of the study was to compare the results of calculations of wind energy resources obtained on the basis of measurements at meteorological stations and on the basis of analyzes resulting from the work of meteorological numerical models, operating at various spatial scales. It was found that the use of archived results of analyzes of meteorological models, especially those in high resolution, allows for such an assessment in a climatological sense in the same way as the results of measurements at meteorological stations used for this purpose. For investment purposes, calculations of wind energy resources at higher altitudes were also carried out, so that the results could also be applied to high wind turbines – those of higher power.
Nielegalna turystyka zmotoryzowana na terenie Lasów Państwowych w Polsce = Illegal motorised tourism in the State Forests in Poland
Authors: Chylińska Dagmara , Kołodziejczyk Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

As well as serving economic functions, forests in Poland are places of rest and recreation. However, a particular form of the latter, not necessarily coming to mind as a first association, is illegal motorised tourism, which entails entries into forests in or on off-road cars, quads, and cross and enduro motorcycles. With a view to achieving fuller insight into these activities, and the problems they pose, the present article offers the results of analyses as regards the spatial distribution, intensity and characteristics of the phenomenon. The effectiveness of existing tools to combat the practice is then assessed, prior to a presentation of solutions foresters propose, to ensure that infringements of the law are counteracted, even as compromises are arrived at so that the needs of various groups of user of forests are met. Data supporting such an approach to analysis derive from questionnaire-surveying targeted at Poland’s Forest Districts. Some 332 of Poland’s 430 Districts elected to participate in the survey, with the vast majority (as many as 86.45%) recording illegal entries, most often featuring motorcycles or quads, and slightly less often involving off-road cars. This denotes a phenomenon affecting at least 66.74% of Poland’s Forest Districts. Indeed, the phenomenon of illegal motorised tourism in forests is seen to be spread rather evenly across the country, even as certain Forest Districts see this as being among the most important problems faced. Among the 287 affected FDs, 90.59% assess this as a problem that is either growing or maintained at the same level. Manifestations are of both an individual or collective nature (through with the former dominant) and with local people by far the most involved. 42.86% of respondents regarded legal provisions relevant to illegal entry into the forest as ineffective (though 36.24% were of the opposite opinion). Those not satisfied pointed to penalties that are too low, and powers of the Forest Guard that are too limited. While the problem of illegal motorised tourism affects forest areas across the country, FDs’ conviction that locals are the main culprits ensures that preventative measures will mainly be local in scope. That would denote an increased involvement for local authorities in the combating of the practice, as well as educational activity in the direction of the stigmatisation of specific activities, the elimination of tacit public consent for the breaking of the law, and the provisioning of legal alternatives to illegal motorised tourism. While effective combating of a negative phenomenon is sought by foresters, who therefore demand comprehensive amendment of the law, those involved are nevertheless willing to countenance the development of specially-organised routes for off-road driving.
Identification of the transcriptome profile of Miamiensis avidus after mebendazole treatment
Authors: Kim Hyunsu , Lee A-Reum , Jeon Kyung-Yoon , Ko Eun-Ji , Cha Hee-Jae , Ock Mee Sun
Published: May 2022

Background: The scuticociliate Miamiensis avidus is a major pathogenic agent that causes significant economic losses in the flounder aquaculture industry. Many different types of drugs are being tested to control this disease, including mebendazole, which is a broad-spectrum antiprotozoal agent. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mebendazole worked in vitro against M. avidus and to explore its mechanism of action. Methods: Transcriptome and gene ontology analyses were conducted to investigate the specifically expressed gene profile. We confirmed the cytotoxic effect of mebendazole against M. avidus when it was applied intermittently for a total of three times. We also identified differentially expressed genes using transcriptome analysis. Results: Most of the upregulated genes were membrane transport-related genes, including Na+/K+-ATPase. Most of the downregulated genes were categorized into three groups: tubulin-related, metabolism-related, and transport-related genes. The expression levels of glucose uptake-related genes decreased due to the inhibition of tubulin polymerization, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that intermittent treatment with mebendazole has a significant cytotoxic effect on M. avidus. Furthermore, mebendazole induces downregulation of the tubulin-alpha chain and metabolism-related genes. It is presumed that this leads to a glucose shortage and the death of M. avidus. Transcriptome analysis will provide useful clues for further studies on mebendazole applications for scutica control.
Behavior-Centered Digital-Twin Design for Dynamic Cyber-Physical System Development
Authors:   Business Informatics - Communications Engineering, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria, Stary Christian , Elstermann Matthes ,   Institute for Information Management in Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, Fleischmann Albert ,   InterAktiv Unternehmensberatung, Pfaffenhofen, Germany, Schmidt Werner ,   Business School, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
Published: May 2022

Digital Twins are digital models of Cyber-Physical Systems to enable not only continuous monitoring but also active functional improvement of networked services, physical products, machines and devices. This capacity is of utmost importance when recognizing and exploring business opportunities in terms of organizational and technology innovations, as well as enriching the scope of system-relevant applications. Before being operated in their target ecosystems, such as smart cities, Cyber-Physical Systems can be validated and be run as Digital Twin through executable behavior models. The development of these models captures both, the horizontal, and the vertical integration of CPS components, thus allowing to consider specific system qualities, such as pollution effects of traffic. This article investigates methodological and technological aspects of developing and operating Digital Twins along system transformation processes. We consider integration depth and breadth, connectivity, organizational intelligence, validation, and implementation variability in the context of human-centered modeling and development. The approach enriches the understanding of digital twins towards digital representation of Cyber-Physical Systems allowing for dynamic allocation of physical and digital parts according to operational conditions. An exemplary case study in traffic management demonstrates the feasibility and practicability of the communication-centered approach.
Realidades sensorialmente diferentes: reflexiones metodológicas y éticas del hacer campo en una comunidad Sorda
Authors: Palma-García Ana Carolina
Published: May 2022

Supported by an ethnography conducted between 2018 and 2019 with people —mainly from the Deaf Association of Cali— participating in a deaf community and culture in Cali, this article discusses the relevance of adapting the recording and investigative writing methods to the populations with whom we work. On the one hand, it explores ethnographic methodologies situated within broader discussions related to the anthropology of the senses, sensory ethnography, the problem of representation, the politics of transcription and the use of drawings as a methodological tool. On the other hand, this article gathers ethical reflections on consent, approach, sensitivity to the context, and the positioning assumed in the field, by choosing to position myself not only as an anthropologist or sociologist, but also as a hard of hearing woman. Thus, it is argued that a correct prior reading of the context of the population to be studied enables the construction of methodological and ethical designs that not only actively avoid reproducing denounced historical violence —such as epistemic violence—, but also provide entry points, readings, and analyses that prioritize local and personal experiences of existence, emerging categories, and the body as potential data to understand them. The article presents the ethical and methodological decisions involved in a study conducted from the perspective of an insider ethnographer, focusing on the social, political, and cultural aspects of Deafhood. It is precisely in the exploration of new intersectional and sensorially diverse perspectives that challenge the traditional ableist readings that this text intends to spark the debate on these collective identities that negotiate their existence within the framework of multiculturalism as a stage for the consolidation of enforceable rights.
Anatomical safety and precaution of transarterial embolization of a falcotentorial dural arteriovenous fistula fed by the artery of Davidoff and Schechter: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Woo Seung-Bin , Kim Jae-Hyun , Kwon Min-Yong , Lee Chang-Young
Published: May 2022

The artery of Davidoff and Schechter (ADS), a pure meningeal branch of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), is often reported as a feeder of the tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (TDAVF). However, there are few reported cases of embolization via this artery. We present an interesting case of a patient with incidentally found TDAVF fed by the ADS and with fetal type posterior communicating artery, in which the feeder was confused with the PCA due to the similar pathways around the brain stem. It was successfully treated with transarterial embolization through the ADS. We reviewed related published articles to determine the safety of embolization via the ADS.
Machine learning sequence prioritization for cell type-specific enhancer design
Authors: Lawler Alyssa J , Ramamurthy Easwaran , Brown Ashley R , Shin Naomi , Kim Yeonju , Toong Noelle , Kaplow Irene M , Wirthlin Morgan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Phan BaDoi N , Fox Grant A , Wade Kirsten , He Jing , Ozturk Bilge Esin , Byrne Leah C , Stauffer William R , Fish Kenneth N , Pfenning Andreas R
Published: May 2022

Recent discoveries of extreme cellular diversity in the brain warrant rapid development of technologies to access specific cell populations within heterogeneous tissue. Available approaches for engineering-targeted technologies for new neuron subtypes are low yield, involving intensive transgenic strain or virus screening. Here, we present Specific Nuclear-Anchored Independent Labeling (SNAIL), an improved virus-based strategy for cell labeling and nuclear isolation from heterogeneous tissue. SNAIL works by leveraging machine learning and other computational approaches to identify DNA sequence features that confer cell type-specific gene activation and then make a probe that drives an affinity purification-compatible reporter gene. As a proof of concept, we designed and validated two novel SNAIL probes that target parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) neurons. Nuclear isolation using SNAIL in wild-type mice is sufficient to capture characteristic open chromatin features of PV+ neurons in the cortex, striatum, and external globus pallidus. The SNAIL framework also has high utility for multispecies cell probe engineering; expression from a mouse PV+ SNAIL enhancer sequence was enriched in PV+ neurons of the macaque cortex. Expansion of this technology has broad applications in cell type-specific observation, manipulation, and therapeutics across species and disease models.
Stereospecific lasofoxifene derivatives reveal the interplay between estrogen receptor alpha stability and antagonistic activity in ESR1 mutant breast cancer cells
Authors: Hosfield David J , Weber Sandra , Li Nan-Sheng , Sauvage Madline , Joiner Carstyn F , Hancock Govinda R , Sullivan Emily A , Ndukwe Estelle , Han Ross , Cush Sydney , Lainé Muriel , Mader Sylvie C , Greene Geoffrey L , Fanning Sean W
Published: May 2022

Chemical manipulation of estrogen receptor alpha ligand binding domain structural mobility tunes receptor lifetime and influences breast cancer therapeutic activities. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) extend estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) cellular lifetime/accumulation. They are antagonists in the breast but agonists in the uterine epithelium and/or in bone. Selective estrogen receptor degraders/downregulators (SERDs) reduce ERα cellular lifetime/accumulation and are pure antagonists. Activating somatic ESR1 mutations Y537S and D538G enable resistance to first-line endocrine therapies. SERDs have shown significant activities in ESR1 mutant setting while few SERMs have been studied. To understand whether chemical manipulation of ERα cellular lifetime and accumulation influences antagonistic activity, we studied a series of methylpyrollidine lasofoxifene (Laso) derivatives that maintained the drug’s antagonistic activities while uniquely tuning ERα cellular accumulation. These molecules were examined alongside a panel of antiestrogens in live cell assays of ERα cellular accumulation, lifetime, SUMOylation, and transcriptional antagonism. High-resolution x-ray crystal structures of WT and Y537S ERα ligand binding domain in complex with the methylated Laso derivatives or representative SERMs and SERDs show that molecules that favor a highly buried helix 12 antagonist conformation achieve the greatest transcriptional suppression activities in breast cancer cells harboring WT/Y537S ESR1. Together these results show that chemical reduction of ERα cellular lifetime is not necessarily the most crucial parameter for transcriptional antagonism in ESR1 mutated breast cancer cells. Importantly, our studies show how small chemical differences within a scaffold series can provide compounds with similar antagonistic activities, but with greatly different effects of the cellular lifetime of the ERα, which is crucial for achieving desired SERM or SERD profiles.
DNA-PK promotes DNA end resection at DNA double strand breaks in G0 cells
Authors: Fowler Faith C , Chen Bo-Ruei , Zolnerowich Nicholas , Wu Wei , Pavani Raphael , Paiano Jacob , Peart Chelsea , Chen Zulong , Nussenzweig André , Sleckman Barry P , Tyler Jessica K
Published: May 2022

DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination is confined to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle partly due to 53BP1 antagonizing DNA end resection in G1 phase and non-cycling quiescent (G0) cells where DSBs are predominately repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Unexpectedly, we uncovered extensive MRE11- and CtIP-dependent DNA end resection at DSBs in G0 murine and human cells. A whole genome CRISPR/Cas9 screen revealed the DNA-dependent kinase (DNA-PK) complex as a key factor in promoting DNA end resection in G0 cells. In agreement, depletion of FBXL12, which promotes ubiquitylation and removal of the KU70/KU80 subunits of DNA-PK from DSBs, promotes even more extensive resection in G0 cells. In contrast, a requirement for DNA-PK in promoting DNA end resection in proliferating cells at the G1 or G2 phase of the cell cycle was not observed. Our findings establish that DNA-PK uniquely promotes DNA end resection in G0, but not in G1 or G2 phase cells, which has important implications for DNA DSB repair in quiescent cells.
Regulation of protein complex partners as a compensatory mechanism in aneuploid tumors
Authors: Senger Gökçe , Santaguida Stefano , Schaefer Martin H
Published: May 2022

Aneuploidy, a state of chromosome imbalance, is a hallmark of human tumors, but its role in cancer still remains to be fully elucidated. To understand the consequences of whole-chromosome-level aneuploidies on the proteome, we integrated aneuploidy, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from hundreds of The Cancer Genome Atlas/Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium tumor samples. We found a surprisingly large number of expression changes happened on other, non-aneuploid chromosomes. Moreover, we identified an association between those changes and co-complex members of proteins from aneuploid chromosomes. This co-abundance association is tightly regulated for aggregation-prone aneuploid proteins and those involved in a smaller number of complexes. On the other hand, we observed that complexes of the cellular core machinery are under functional selection to maintain their stoichiometric balance in aneuploid tumors. Ultimately, we provide evidence that those compensatory and functional maintenance mechanisms are established through post-translational control, and that the degree of success of a tumor to deal with aneuploidy-induced stoichiometric imbalance impacts the activation of cellular protein degradation programs and patient survival.
Palatal morphology predicts the paleobiology of early salamanders
Authors: Jia Jia , Li Guangzhao , Gao Ke-Qin
Published: May 2022

Ecological preferences and life history strategies have enormous impacts on the evolution and phenotypic diversity of salamanders, but the yet established reliable ecological indicators from bony skeletons hinder investigations into the paleobiology of early salamanders. Here, we statistically demonstrate by using time-calibrated cladograms and geometric morphometric analysis on 71 specimens in 36 species, that both the shape of the palate and many non-shape covariates particularly associated with vomerine teeth are ecologically informative in early stem- and basal crown-group salamanders. Disparity patterns within the morphospace of the palate in ecological preferences, life history strategies, and taxonomic affiliations were analyzed in detail, and evolutionary rates and ancestral states of the palate were reconstructed. Our results show that the palate is heavily impacted by convergence constrained by feeding mechanisms and also exhibits clear stepwise evolutionary patterns with alternative phenotypic configurations to cope with similar functional demand. Salamanders are diversified ecologically before the Middle Jurassic and achieved all their present ecological preferences in the Early Cretaceous. Our results reveal that the last common ancestor of all salamanders share with other modern amphibians a unified biphasic ecological preference, and metamorphosis is significant in the expansion of ecomorphospace of the palate in early salamanders.
First records of extinct kentriodontid and squalodelphinid dolphins from the Upper Marine Molasse (Burdigalian age) of Switzerland and a reappraisal of the Swiss cetacean fauna
Authors: Aguirre-Fernández Gabriel , Jost Jürg , Hilfiker Sarah
Published: May 2022

The Swiss Upper Marine Molasse (OMM) documents a transgression event dated to around 21 to 17 million years in which dolphin and other vertebrate remains have been reported. We revised the whole cetacean (whales and dolphins) OMM assemblage available in main collections, focusing on the identification and interpretation of periotics (bone that contains the inner ear). Periotics are rare, but they provide the richest taxonomic information in the sample and hint to environmental associations. Micro-computerized tomography allowed the reconstruction of bony labyrinths for comparisons and environmental interpretations. Three families are represented by periotics: Kentriodontidae, Squalodelphinidae and Physeteridae. The cetacean taxonomic composition of the Swiss OMM reinforces biogeographical patterns reported for the Mediterranean and Paratethys during the Burdigalian at a regional scale and the Calvert cetacean fauna of the northwest Atlantic at oceanic scale.
Analysis of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Correlations for Estimating Residual Compressive Strength of Concrete Subjected to High-Temperature Hysteresis: Influence of Various Aggregates
Authors: Kim Wonchang , Jeong Keesin , Choi Heeyong , Choi Hyeonggil , Lee Taegyu
Published: May 2022

In this study, the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) behaviors of concrete at high temperatures by aggregate type were comparatively analyzed in accordance with the CEN and CEB Codes. The aggregates adopted were divided into limestone, granite, river gravel, and crushed stone, and the target temperatures were set to 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C. The analysis items were specified as compressive strength (Fc), UPV, ratio of compressive strength (Fcratio), and UPV ratio (UPVratio); in addition, the correlations between Fcratio and UPV were analyzed and compared to the previously proposed estimation equations for concrete at room temperature. Accordingly, the Fcratio of limestone and river gravel aggregates exceeded the UPVratio at temperatures lower than 300-400 °C; however, UPVratio tended to be higher at subsequent temperatures. For granite aggregates, UPVratio was higher than Fcratio over the entire temperature range, while crushed stone aggregates exhibited higher Fcratio than UPVratio. Both Fcratio and UPVratio of granite aggregates exceeded those of limestone aggregates, while the UPVratio and Fcratio of river gravel aggregates were higher and lower than those of crushed stone aggregates, respectively. Consequently, a strength estimation equation was proposed by analyzing the correlations between Fcratio and UPV, and was inferred to be better than the existing strength estimation equations.
Combustion Characterization according to Accelerated Deterioration Temperature of a Non-class 1E Cable
Authors: Lee Seok Hui , Kim Min Ho , Jeong Seung Yeon , Lee Sang Kyu , Lee Ju Eun , Lee Min Chul
Published: May 2022

In this study, the temperature effect of accelerated deterioration on combustion characteristics was investigated when accelerating aging a non-class 1E cable for nuclear power plants. The accelerated aging of 40 years was conducted under five temperature conditions of 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 130 °C and 150 °C. In the early period of combustion when the first peak of the heat release rate emerged, the heat release of the non-aged cable exhibited the largest peak value of 225 kW/m2 while the heat release of the aged cables exhibited a comparatively low first peak value. The first peaks of aged cables decreased as the temperature condition increased. This tendency is considered to emerge from the thermal decomposition and destabilization of long-chained polymer structure when the sheath and insulation of cables are exposed to a thermal degradation environment. Hence, this loosening of the chemical bond and its decomposition severely affected the degradation of the flame retardant performance. In particular, in the combustion characteristics for the aged cables under temperature conditions of 100 °C or higher, the first peak value of the heat release rate did not exceed 200 kW/m2. In the middle period of combustion, the heat release rates of both the non-aged and the aged cables were kept constant at approximately 25-30 kW/m2 without significant change. In the later period of combustion, the second heat release peaks emerged for only non-aged, 90 °C and 100 °C cables because the cables aged under low temperature conditions (90 °C and 100 °C) maintained a certain level of flame retardant performance while those aged above 100 °C did not. Therefore, it can be considered that the higher accelerated deterioration temperature triggers the higher degradation of the flame retardant performance, and 100 °C is a critical temperature that involves the significant degradation effect.
Perforation of Jejunal Diverticula in COVID-19 Positive Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Galam Pushkar , Jillawar Nikhil , Puppala Vinayaka Vishnu Vardhan , Thombare Mahesh Madhavrao
Published: May 2022

Jejunal diverticulosis is the herniation of mucosa through weakened wall of jejunum on the mesenteric border. Individuals are usually asymptomatic for most of their lives and are diagnosed incidentally by radiological investigations or during surgery. Increased number of hospital admissions and investigations done to better understand the phenomenon of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) had increased the rate of incidental diagnosis. Four patients admitted to the COVID-19 ward of the hospital were diagnosed with COVID-19. They were treated according to the protocol followed in the state, which included high dose of steroids. During the course of treatment, they experienced abdominal pain with distension and were diagnosed with Jejunal Diverticulitis with perforation. Exploratory laparotomy with jejunal resection and jejuno-jejunal anastomosis with feeding jejunostomy was performed and adequate postoperative care was provided. Two out of the four patients survived and were discharged after they achieved full recovery and became COVID-19 negative. The cause of perforation can be attributed to the high dose of steroids used during the treatment as steroids have been proved to cause spontaneous bowel perforations.
Initial Teachers Preparation in Tanzania: Analysis of Enrollment Policies in Teacher Education: A Review
Authors: Ngao Ayubu Ismail
Published: May 2022

Initial teacher education identified as a key to teacher quality and performance and likely to be planned as part of a teacher recruitment strategy based on current needs. This raised concern on how to enhance teacher quality and performance. The current study aimed at analyzing the enrollment policies in teacher education as the aspects of these concern. This study reviewed literature to suit Tanzania context. The study used documents such as policy documents, published articles and other documents from international organizations such as OECD, UNESCO and World Bank (WB). The findings show(s) that the enrollment policies are most determinant of the output to be produced. Also, the enacted policies have affected either positively while others impacted negatively the quality of teachers produced. This calls for reformation of enrollment policies in teacher education. The study concluded that, there is no way poor candidates enrolled into the program to be a good teacher and produce good results. At the same time, there is no way that poor policies used during admission will bring good results. Thus, the study proposed different approaches to improve the enrollment process.
Effect of Water Intake on Constipation and Bowel Movement
Authors: Ahajumobi N. E. , Oparaocha T. E. , Eteike P. , Felix Sanni, O.
Published: May 2022

Backgrounds: Only 7.5% of colorectal cancer occurred by inheritance; the rest were habit-related and prominently associated with unhealthy eating. Nigerians are showing rising cases of colon diseases that are co-morbid with chronic constipation. Researchers suggested that constipation is associated with colon cancer.

Objective: To determine if hydration is associated with bowel movement (BM), the purpose is to reduce the risk of constipation and all diseases associated with constipation and dehydration.

Study Design: This was an experimental Study.

Place and Duration of Study: Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Data was collected from June 9 - 22, 2021.

Methods: A novel pilot experimental cohort study supported by traditional medicine theory, logic, and deduction principles were used for the investigation. Sampling was based on available volunteers, and the sample size n (n= 10) was 10. P value set at p = .05 at 95% confidence interval. The cohort group of 10 participants was treated with 500ml, 1000 ml, and 2000 ml of water for three days, each.  Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics, ANOVA analysis, and Tukey HSD.

Results: Showed a significant (P=.05) relationship between water intake and Bowel Movement and time taken to move the bowel. In three days mean bowel movement for 500 ml, 1000 ml, and 2000 ml, Day 2 against Day 3 mean was 0.800*, P-value was <.001 for the 1000ml treatment, which showed a relationship. Low water consumption over time each day increased the constipation.The outcome can be beneficial to the general public and healthcare advisory practice.

Conclusion: There is a relationship between water intake, constipation, and bowel movement, and optimum water consumption may likely reduce chronic constipation, which is a risk factor for colon cancer and other diseases, including Parkinson disease.
A Study on Awareness of Farmers about Agri Waste Management Practices in Medak District of Telangana
Authors: Ravi G. , Savitha B. , Sreenivasulu M. , Vidyasagar G. E. Ch.
Published: May 2022

Agriculture wastes are the residuals from the growing agriculture crops horticulture and livestock. This paper focused on study on level of awareness of the respondents about agri waste management practices and its relationship with the profile of the farmers.. The Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Thus a total of 120 respondents were selected by following simple random sampling method covering Medak district of Telangana state. From the analysis,it was found that majority of the farmers (55.00%) had high level of awareness, followed by medium (27.50%), and low (17.50%) level of awareness about agri waste management practices. From the analysis, it was found that infrastructure facilities and achievement motivation had positive and significant relationship with awareness at one percent level of significance. The variables age, education, farm size, farming experience, cropping pattern, innovativeness, information seeking behavior and training undergone had positive and significant relationship with awareness at five per cent level of significance. However cropping intensity and level of aspiration had positive and non-significant relationship with level of awareness about agri waste management practices. Government should provide subsidy on the purchase of machinery, special programmes need be to taken to improve awareness about agri waste management and encourage custom hiring centers to reach high cost technologies to the farners. Agri waste based communities need to be developed at ground level for the adoption and dissemination of agri waste management practices.
Effect of Biofertilizer and Organic Manure on Growth and Yield of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
Authors: Susmitha Kali , Umesha C. , Khan Shahazad Ahmed
Published: May 2022

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2021, at crop research farm of Department of Agronomy at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj in North Eastern plains of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. The objective of the research study was to determine the effect of Bio fertilizer and Organic manure on growth and yield of Pearl millet under Randomized block design comprising of 9 treatments of which treatments with different combination of Rhizobium and VAM along with Organic manure like FYM and Vermicompost which were replicated thrice. The experimental results revealed that plant height (201.20 cm) and plant dry weight (50.05 g) were recorded significantly (P<0.05) highest in treatment Rhizobium @ 5 g/kg + VAM @ 5g/kg + FYM @ 2.5 t/ha + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha. The highest number of ears/hill (2.43), number of grains/ear head (2157.33), grain yield (1973.00 Kg/ha), straw yield (3920 kg/ha) and harvest index (41.32%) were recorded with treatment Rhizobium @ 5 g/kg + VAM @ 5g/kg + FYM @ 2.5 t/ha + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha.
Association and Path Studies in Maize Over Southern Aravalli Regions of Rajasthan
Authors: Kumawat Ravi , Dadheech Amit , Barupal Heera Lal , Kumar Amit , Yadav Mukesh Kumar
Published: May 2022

The environment highly influences a complex trait such as grain yield and indirect selection through component traits would be an advisable strategy to increase the selection efficiency. The 45 F1s and their 18 parents and 2 checks were evaluated in three environments viz., E1, E2 and E3 in RBD design with three replications to assess the correlation among the yield components and direct and indirect effects of yield components on grain yield. The association analysis among the eleven traits revealed that the traits days to 50 per cent silking, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear girth, grain rows per ear, 100-grain weight and harvest index had showed positive and significant correlation with grain yield per plant. The perusal of the path coefficient analysis revealed that the maximum direct positive effect was depicted by the harvest index followed by the traits ear height, grain rows per ear, days to 50 per cent silking, 100-grain weight, days to 75 per cent brown husk, ear girth and plant height.
Effect of Salinity and Sodicity on Vegetable Production and Remedial Measures: A Review
Authors: Maurya Pankaj Kumar , Bahadur Vijay , Thakur Ghanshyam
Published: May 2022

The word salinity comes from the Latin word salinium which means "salt cellar" and it means "position or quality of being". Sodicity indicates the amount of sodium converted to calcium and magnesium in soil. High sodicity suppresses plant growth due to sodium toxicity and nutrient imbalance in plants, as well as low availability of mineral nutrients in the soil. Salt stress is the cause of the slow growth and growth of plants and leads to changes in yield and quality in a variety of crops. Plants provide a complex response to salt and changes in the morphology, physiology and metabolism of plants are observed. The effect of salt on various vegetable plants namely beetroot, cabbage, capsicum, kabuli chana, coriander, fenugreek, lettuce, onion, tomato, potato was reviewed. Salinity was adversely damaged as a result of salinity: Seed formation, survival percent, phonological attribute, growth and yield, its components, dry and fresh weight were affected. Photosynthesis and respiratory rates of plants were reduced. Salinity reduced total carbohydrate, fatty acid, and protein content but notably increased amino acid levels. The growth of asparagus and tomatoes was more concentrated in sodic soils than saline soils, indicating that asparagus and tomatoes are sensitive to sodicity. Beans also die in sodic soils, indicating that the beans are very sensitive to sodicity. The negative effects of alkaline water on the addition of gypsum and FYM have shown a significant increase in plant growth and yield limits.
Awareness Regarding Soil Health Card and Obstacles in Adoption of its Recommendations in the Karaikal District of Puducherry U.T. in India
Authors: Jayapriya R. , Kumar D. Suresh , Vidhyavathi A. , Kannan Balaji , Duraisamy M. R.
Published: May 2022

Aims: To study the awareness regarding Soil Health Card and constraints encountered in adoption of Soil Health card Recommendations and suggestions in Karaikal district of Puducherry U.T.

Study Design: Purposive random sampling.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Karaikal district of Puducherry U.T. and the survey was conducted during September 2021 and October 2021.

Methodology: The random sampling of 120 respondents from Karaikal district who had soil health cards. Among the two Taluks (Karaikal and Thirunallar), total six Firkas were selected purposively and 20 farmers from each Firkas were selected through a random sampling technique. From the 120 sample respondents, information regarding the study was collected with a structured interview schedule. Percentage and distribution were employed to know about the socio-economic profile of respondents and their awareness level regarding the Soil Health card another tool used is Garrett ranking technique to rank constraints faced by the respondents.

Results: It was discovered that farmers were aware of the Soil health card suggests conservative measures for sustainable soil health and it increases yield, which also reduces additional costs incurred for fertilizer purchases by giving fertilizer recommendations for the particular field, etc.  Garret ranking analysis revealed that the major constraint encountered in the adoption of soil health card recommendations is that the information on Soil Health Card is not in the local language followed by recommendations are not calculated based on farmers' land holdings, inaccessibility of micro-nutrient fertilizer in the market, etc.

Conclusion: To overcome these constraints Farmer's training on the use of a Soil Health Card by calculating a recommended dose of fertilizers and the information on the Soil Health Card should be in the local language is recommended.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health and Nutrient Balance Sheet of Soybean under Vertisols of Rajasthan
Authors: Meena Neha , Sharma M. K. , Yadav Rajendra Kumar , Meena D. S. , Choudhary Seema , Bhil Kamlesh , Meena Rajesh , Dhayal Suman , Choudhary Mamta , Danga Narendra
Published: May 2022

Background: A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2019 at ARS farm, College of Agriculture, Ummedganj, Kota (Rajasthan). Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health and Nutrient Balance Sheet of soybean Under Vertisols of Rajasthan. The soil of the experimental field is clay loam having low to medium fertility status and good porosity.

Method: The experiment consisted of 10 treatments viz. T0 - Control (Absolute), T1 - RDF (20-40-40), T2 - 75% RDF + FYM (2.0 t ha-1), T3 - 50% RDF + FYM (4.0 t ha-1), T4 - 75% RDF + FYM (2.0 t ha-1) + Rhizobium, T5 - 50% RDF + FYM (4.0 t ha-1) + Rhizobium, T6 - 75% RDF + Vermicompost (1.0 t ha-1), T7 - 50% RDF + Vermicompost (2.0 t ha-1), T8 - 75% RDF + Vermicompost (1.0 t ha-1) + Rhizobium, T9 - 50% RDF + Vermicompost (2.0 t ha-1) + Rhizobium. The experiment was laid out in randomised block design and was replicated thrice.

Result: Among the nutrient management treatment, application of 50% RDF + Vermicompost (2.0 t ha-1) + Rhizobium (T9) significantly built up of the soil available nitrogen (258 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (21.67 kg ha-1) and available potassium (445.35 kg ha-1), micronutrient and organic carbon (0.59) was recorded.
Biotechnological Initiative for Management of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus in Mungbean (Vigna radiate L.)
Authors: Kumawat Sampat Kumar , Parsad Bishun Deo , Kumar Deepak , Sahni Sangita
Published: May 2022

Mungbean (Vigna radiate L.) is one of the most important legume crops of Asiatic region. The average yield of mungbean is quite low due to its susceptibility against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). Mungbean yellow mosaic virus disease (MYMD) is caused by MYMV, which is transmitted through whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The controlling of this devastating disease is mainly depends upon spraying of insecticides, which cause serious ill effect on humans and soil health. Breeding for its resistance is one of the best strategies for developing MYMV resistant genotypes in mungbean. Several types of molecular markers have been used in marker assisted breeding (MAB) in mungbean. Among them SSR markers are widely used and a plethora of scientific advocate the use of the SSR marker in developing MYMV resistance in mungbean. Recent advancements in functional genomics and gene editing technologies can further enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to MYMV and hence facilitate the development of MYMV resistant mungbean genotypes.
Effect of Row Spacing and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Prasad Manumala , Mehera Biswarup
Published: May 2022

A field experiment on chickpea was conducted during Rabi, 2021 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). INDIA. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 6.9), organic carbon (0.71%), available N (273.54 kg/ha), available P (31.14 kg/ha), and available K (327 kg/ha). The treatments comprised of spacing (25cm x 10cm, 35cm x 10cm, 45cm x 10cm), and foliar application of Gibberellic acid (15, 30, & 45ppm/ha). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated three times. The results showed that viz: Plant height (68.91 cm), number of branches per plant (28.19), plant dry weight (27.48 g/plant) were recorded significantly higher with 35 x10 cm + GA3 45ppm/ha. Whereas, crop growth rate (17.68 g/m2/day), relative growth rate (0.023 g/g/day) recorded higher in 25 x 10cm + GA3 30ppm/ha. Number of pods per plant (60.04), number of seeds per pod (1.93), seed yield (246.67 kg/ha), haulm yield (5064.53 kg/ha) were recorded significantly higher.

Higher gross returns (1,08,022.50 ₹/ha), net returns (75,676.47 ₹/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (3.33) were obtained with the application of 35 x10 cm + GA3 45ppm/ha. Thus, spacing with foliar application of Gibberellic acid (15,30 and 45ppm) could be a promising option for yield enhancement in chickpea.
Influence of Vector Control and Chemotherapy Interventions on Treatment Outcomes and Parasite Incidence in Artemether Combined Therapies Treated Populations of Kisii County, Kenya
Authors: Josephat Maniga  Nyabayo , Samuel Mong’are , Rael Masai , John Odda , Baraza Ambrose , Pacifica Bwogo , Martin Odoki , Albert Onchweri , Ambrose Shabohurira , Mfitundinda Wilberforce
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Malaria remains the major vector borne disease in the world. Currently Kenya the ministry of health has scaled up interventions with chemotherapy and vector control standing out as a major strategy. Therefore, this study examined the influence of vector control and chemotherapy interventions on the treatment outcomes in Kisii County.

Methods: Multi-stage random sampling was used for this study. The study was conducted from February 2021 to June 2021. Malaria-positive 275 participants were recruited into the study, treated with ACTs and followed for a period of 28 days at specified follow up days for parasite diagnosis. Occurrence of malaria clinical symptoms on the patients was also conducted. Molecular analysis was done by characterizing Merozoite proteins (MSP2) on the samples showing parasite recurrence. A Questionnaire was administered to determine the utilization of drugs for malaria treatment prior to this study and the usage of vector control after patient treatment with ACTs. Meanwhile, emphasis was laid on intervention strategies such as the use the usage of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), Indoor residual spraying and chemotherapeutic practices as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Results: Early treatment failure was reported among 27(12%) respondents, late clinical failures 20(8%), late parasitological failures 11(5%), and adequate clinical and parasitological outcomes 173(75%).Chemotherapeutic practices influencing treatment outcomes included; previous self-medication (OR=0.417; 95% CI: 0.153-1.385; p=0.035), ability of previously finishing doses (OR=0.328; 95% CI: 0.168-0.941; p=0.003,) and Frequency of previous antimalarial usage (OR=3.259; 95% CI: 1.054-4.721; p=0.004). While vector control interventions influencing treatment outcomes included; usage of indoor residual spraying (OR=0.408; 95% CI: 0.132-0.682; p=0.002), sleeping under the mosquito net (OR=0.218; 95% CI: 0.119-0.909; p=0.025,) and mosquito net treatment (OR=0.262; 95% CI: 0.092-0.823; p=0.003).With the molecular analysis detecting 10 samples with parasite recrudescence.

Conclusions: Based on these findings, Antimalarial usage practices prior to current usage of ACTs and vector control after treatment remain important predictor factors for treatment outcomes.
Determination of Omeprazole, Esomeprazole and Pantoprazole by Quenching the fluorescence of Eosin Y
Authors: Othman Ikram K. , Al-Sabha Theia’a N.
Published: May 2022

A non-extractive, simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method with good selectivity has been described for the determination of the proton pump inhibitors namely; Omeprazole, Esomeprazole magnesium and Pantoprazole sodium that are used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The method is based on the quenching the fluorescence intensity of the eosin Y dye, as the result of the ion-pair complex formation of the studied drugs with the dye in the presence of acetate buffer solution of pH 3.5. The quenching of the eosin Y fluorescence intensity was measured spectrofluorimetrically at 540 nm after excitation at 352 nm. At the optimum reaction conditions, the quenching values of fluorescence (∆F) and concentrations were rectilinear over the concentration ranges of 0.5–13.0, 0.7-15 and 0.3-15 µg/mL for Omeprazole, Esomeprazole magnesium and Pantoprazole sodium respectively. The recovery % values were in the range 99.92-100.56% and relative standard deviation values range was0.430-2.521 for all the studied drugs. The method was applied successfully for determination of above drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations as capsule, tablet and injectables. The method was free from interferences of common excipients.
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activities of Dillenia indica and Ficus exasperata
Authors: Ilori Olasupo John , Abe Iyioluwa Esther , Ibrahim Azeez God’s Gift , Afolayan Temiloluwa Folasayo , Bassey Omolola Abiola
Published: May 2022

It has been proven that antimicrobials of plant origin work more efficiently with fewer side effects. This study aimed to identify the phytochemicals in extracts of Dillenia indica and Ficus exasperata and also to examine their antibacterial effect on clinical bacterial isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes). Dry leaves of D. indica and F. exasperata were extracted in ethanol, methanol, distilled water and hot water. The 100% extract solution was further diluted to different concentrations (75%, 50%, and 25%). The extracts were concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Using the agar well diffusion method, the isolates were subjected to the antibacterial action of various concentrations of these extracts. The diameter of the zones of inhibition were measured in millimeters. The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine significant (P<0.05) effects. Significant differences between means were determined using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, quinones, and anthrax quinones. Terpenoids were absent. The extracts of the plants inhibited the growth of the bacteria tested with varied effectiveness. The diameter of the zones of inhibition were concentration dependent in all extracts. The maximum antibacterial activities were observed in the organic solvent extracts. When the activity of the plant extract was compared with that of the standard antibiotics used in this work, it was observed that the plant extract compared favourably with those of these standard antibiotics. In conclusion, the results showed that leaf extract of D. indica and F. exasperata have antibacterial activity. Based on the antibacterial activity of D. indica and  F. exasperata extracts as revealed by this research, the extracts of these plants can be used in the development of new pharmaceuticals which can be useful as strong therapeutic agent against bacterial pathogenic infections.