bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An open-source automatic impedance tuning and matching module for low-field systems in clinical settings.
Authors: Bosch Rubén , Algarín José Miguel , Guallart-Naval Teresa , Juan-Lloris Francisco , Conejero Jesús , Alonso Joseba
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MaRCoS is an open-source tool integrating hardware, firmware, and software for low-field MRI system control. But releases lacked user-friendly features, requiring technicians to handle automatable operations manually. Goal(s): To simplify clinical workflows, we developed a device for RF coil impedance tuning and matching in systems controlled by MaRCoS. Approach: Our approach involved designing a TM device using switchable capacitors and testing it in a real clinical environment on a portable 72 mT system. Results: The auto-TM system, tested on 20 volunteers (40 protocols), significantly accelerated and improved workflow compared to manual methods, marking a substantial advancement in MRI system efficiency and usability. Impact: The introduction of our automatic tuning and matching device eases low-field MRI systems controlled by MaRCoS. By simplifying clinical workflows and improving efficiency, this innovation enhances the user experience, simplifing the workflow under clinical environments.
A fully autonomous system for sequence detection and gradient measurement
Authors: Bjoerkqvist Oskar , Pruessmann Klaas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The threshold to efficient use of field cameras is high and they could benefit from being less dependent on the scanner system they're being used in. Goal(s): The aim of this work is to develop an independent field monitoring system that can synchronize itself with and make targeted measurements of MR sequences. Approach: We employ a commercial NMR field probe system and trigger it externally using a host PC for data processing and an FPGA as a timing system. Results: We are able to independently synchronize the monitoring system, make targeted measurements of a sequence and decompose a set of gradient waveforms. Impact: This work is a step towards enabling scanner independent monitoring of MR sequences with NMR field probes. This could be useful in cases where the integration of a field camera is not an option.
Initial experience in pCASL using a novel neurovascular coil at 7T
Authors: Ghosalkar Janhavi , Ding Belinda , Zhao Chenyang , Keith Graeme , Baskaran Divya , Woodward Rosiee , Ma Samantha , Williams Sydney , Muir Keith , Gunamony Shajan , Wang Danny , Porter David
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Labeling efficiency in pCASL suffers from an inferior drop-off in B1+ leading to low SNR perfusion-weighted images which can affect CBF quantification. Goal(s): To assess the feasibility of pCASL in healthy volunteers using a custom-built head and neck coil at 7T. Approach: Volunteers were scanned with pCASL on two coils: a normal head coil and a head and neck coil with circularly polarized shim weights, and the results were compared in terms of CBF and tSNR. Results: pCASL in healthy volunteers using a novel neurovascular coil at 7T gave an average GM/WM CBF ratio of 1.51, comparable to a conventional head coil. Impact: This proof-of-concept study shows the feasibility of pCASL using a novel 8TxRx56Rx neurovascular (head and neck) coil at 7T and compares the performance against a conventional 8Tx64Rx head coil.
Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI) Models for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Rodríguez-Soto Ana , Conlin Christopher , Ebrahimi Sheida , Besser Alexandra , Jordan Stephan , Lundstrom Elin , Schlein Alexandra , Kuperman Joshua , Dale Anders , Seibert Tyler , McHale Michael , Rakow-Penner Rebecca
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) has demonstrated potential to isolate cervical cancer signal from that of surrounding tissues. Women with post-treatment disease progression wait 3-6 months post treatment to get PET/CT exam to allow for edema/inflammation to subside. Cervical cancer-specific RSI model may allow us to evaluate response-to-treatment earlier. Goal(s): The goal of this work was to develop an RSI cervical cancer model from a larger cohort of patients. Approach: We used RSI-derived information from normal cervixes to convert RSI outputs to Z-score maps in cancer patients. Results: Demonstrated the utility of RSI Z-score maps in differentiating cancers from healthy tissues without exogenous contrast. Impact: Standard of care evaluation of cervical cancer response-to-treatment is PET/CT 3-6 months post-treatment to allow for edema/inflammation to subside. Cervical cancer-specific RSI model may allow us to evaluate response-to-treatment earlier and better inform patient treatment response without unnecessary delay.
Cardiac Phantom-based Inter-site Calibration of T2, T1, and ECV Measurements
Authors: Lockard Carly , Tu Ruei-yuan , Yan Ke , Duffin Aspen , Crum Kimberly , Auerbach Scott , Fonseca Brian , Renno Markus , Knecht Kenneth , Samyn Margaret , Soslow Jonathan , Damon Bruce
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Acute rejection is the leading cause of death in pediatric heart transplant (PHTx) recipients. Endomyocardial biopsy is currently required to monitor for rejection. Quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a potential non-invasive monitoring tool, with T2, T1, and ECV mapping providing information about fibrosis and edema. However, measurements vary between sites. Goal(s): To measure inter-site/temporal variability and calibrate multisite PHTx CMR data. Approach: We investigated manganese-chloride solution cardiac phantom T2 and T1 repeatability and inter-site variation, and impact of calibration on PHTx data. Results: Calibration reduced inter-site variability in phantom and PHTx measurements. Impact: Our preliminary results illustrating inter-site variation in CMR-relevant phantom T2 and T1 measurements support the need for inter-site calibration when multi-center trials are conducted using CMR parametric imaging (T2, T1, and calculated ECV).
Relationship between Modic Change and Resorption of Ruptured Lumbar Disc Herniation Based on MRI: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Fu Min , Chen Junrong , Liang Huilou
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Ruptured lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) can lead to severe clinical symptoms, significantly impacting patients' daily lives. . Understanding factors influencing disc resorption, particularly Modic change (MC), is crucial for making treatment decisions. Goal(s): To investigate the relationship between MC and the occurrence of disc resorption in RLDH patients. Approach: This longitudinal study examined the presence of MC at baseline and assessed disc resorption at follow-up to determine the potential influence of MC on RLDH resorption. Results: The study revealed that MC is an independent influencing factor for RLDH resorption failure, highlighting its significance in the management of this condition. Impact: First, our study validated the efficacy of nonsurgical treatment of RLDH in resorption. Second, we demonstrated that MC is an independent factor hindering resorption, which helps clinicians to forecast resorption in RLDH patients, to select appropriate treatment methods.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the FRACTURE Sequence in Assessing Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament in the Cervical Spine
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Wenhua , Zhang Kun , Zhao Yao , Zheng Dandan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is no consensus on the use of anterior or posterior surgery for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Goal(s): The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the FRACTURE MRI sequence in comparison to CT in the detection of OPLL of the cervical spine. Approach: Seven radiological parameters were analyzed though the inter-observer and inter-modality agreement. Results: MRI with FRACTURE may be sufficient for the assessment of cervical spine OPLL, with good performance compared to CT in type of OPLL, distribution of OPLL, ossification thickness, canal-occupying ratio, K-line, and dural calcification. Impact: In the evaluation of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine, FRACTURE sequence might be a useful alternative to conventional CT scan.
Predictive values of structural and functional magnetic resonance on neurological improvement in pediatric spinal cord injury
Authors: Zheng Weimin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Are the different prognosis of pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) patients related to differences in brain structure and function? The research on this project has a good guiding significance for prognosis prediction and advanced intervention treatment.Goal(s): To search for sensitive imaging indicators that can predict neurological outcomes in pediatric SCI patients.Approach: Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) were used to analyze the differences of brain structure and function in children with and without neurological improvement.Results: The medial temporal gyrus may be used as neuroimaging biomarker to predict the prognosis of pediatric SCI.Impact: MTG can be used as neuroimaging biomarker to predict the prognosis of children with SCI , providing imaging support for clinical stimulation of related brain regions to improve the probability of neurological improvement.
Accurate and efficient co-registration of diffusion and T1-weighted MRI using self-supervised deep learning
Authors: Chen Keyu , Li Ziyu , Li Zihan , Tian Qiyuan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The co-registration between diffusion and T1-weighted data is important for various diffusion analyses, which is challenging due to the geometric distortion in diffusion images. Goal(s): To achieve accurate and efficient co-registration between diffusion data and T1w image. Approach: A self-supervised deep learning-based framework VoxelMorph was used to non-linearly align distorted diffusion b=0 image to T1w image. Our proposal was systematically and quantitatively compared to other linear and non-linear transformations. The benefit was also demonstrated. Results: VoxelMorph achieved comparable co-registration accuracy compared to NiftyReg and seconds processing time, which was 40 times faster than NiftyReg, or even 300 times faster by leveraging transfer learning. Impact: Our proposal achieved fast and accurate co-registration between distorted diffusion data and T1w image, which has a great potential to benefit various diffusion MRI data analyses for neuroscientific studies, including region-of-interest specific quantification and surface-based analysis.
Multi-Contrast Low-field MR Image Enhancement via Self-supervision
Authors: Wang Long , Zhou Zechen , Chamberlain Ryan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Restoring the structure that is barely visible on the MR images is a major challenge for self supervised enhancement using one input, especially in low-field MR imaging applications. Goal(s): To improve the image quality and the visibility of some clinically relevant structure in certain contrast in MR imagesApproach: We proposed a self-supervised learning framework using the shareable information from other image contrasts. More specifically, two mutual modulations with a cyclic consistency constraint are introduced to guide the training. Results: Preliminary results on 0.25T spine MR images suggest that our method can achieve superior results compared to other self-supervised methods. Impact: The work shows the feasibility of adopting the multiple contrast information to improve the MR images with poor quality without acquiring low resolution/high resolution pairs. It leads to more accurate diagnoses.
Quantification of Low-Signal Metabolites in 7 T 31P Spectra of the Human Myocardium
Authors: Fink Carla , Wampl Stefan , Kiss Lorenz , Schmid Albrecht
Published: November 2024

Motivation: In cardiac 31P-CSI MRS, the signals containing 31P are important markers of myocardial health. Optimizing metabolite quantification is essential for understanding myocardial bioenergetics and related pathologies. Goal(s): The aim was to quantify an extended range of low-signal metabolites including PME, Pi, GPE, GPC, PEP, and NAD. Approach: 36 of the existing 31P-CSI MRS volunteer data at 7T were analysed using an optimized and extended prior knowledge. Results: The results, presented as chemical shift, line-width, amplitude, and their CRBs, demonstrated successful quantification of low-signal metabolites alongside with 2,3-DPG, PCr, and ATP in the same spectra, demonstrating the feasibility of quantifying these signals at 7T. Impact: The 7T cardiac 31P-CSI MRS data provide valuable insight and demonstrates that low-signal metabolite quantification is possible. Looking at these signals in patient data may add to cardiac 31P MRS and could provide new markers of myocardial health.
B1+ Shimming in 1H RS-COKE Spectroscopic Imaging in the Human Brain at 7T
Authors: Keith Graeme , Williams Sydney , Ding Belinda , Trinder Jon , Seginer Amir , Schmidt Rita , Gunamony Shajan , Fullerton Natasha , Porter David
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 7T MRI is adversely affected by inhomogeneity in the B1 transmit field. In MRSI applications, this can manifest as spatial variability in water-suppression and signal excitation, which may adversely affect quantification. Goal(s): To use B1+ shimming to decrease the inhomogeneity of the transmit field and improve water suppression and metabolite quantification in RS-COKE MRSI. Approach: B1+ shim weights for all RF pulses were optimised using magnitude least-squares and data compared with a circularly polarised mode acquisition. Results: Metabolite quantification showed greater consistency, lower error estimates and improved water-suppression efficiency, in some subjects, when B1+ shimming was applied to the RS-COKE MRSI sequence. Impact: The use of B1+ shimming in RS-COKE MRSI improves the quantification of metabolite concentrations in some subjects. This increased robustness will allow for its application to patient populations in future clinical research.
Hyperpolarized 13C MRS acceleration via SABRE-Hyperpolarization and a DIY perfusion system
Authors: Gross Philipp , Petersen Stefan , de Maissin Henri , Chekmenev Eduard , Zaitsev Maxim , Jessen Henning , Schröder Leif , Reinheckel Thomas , Zeiser Robert , Groß Olaf , Schmidt Andreas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Hyperpolarized (HP) in vitro MRS procedures have limited throughput e.g. for drug effect monitoring and longitudinal studies. Goal(s): Our Objective is to facilitate longitudinal HP in vitro MRS studies through rapid delivery of hyperpolarized molecules and integration of a cost-effective, continuous-flow perfusion system. Approach: We have merged fast 13C SABRE-Hyperpolarization of [1-13C]-pyruvate-d3 with a, budget friendly DIY system, allowing for continuous NMR tube perfusion and batch-mode injection of hyperpolarized agents. Results: Our work demonstrates the successful detection of multiple highly polarized pyruvate injections at repetition times as short as 6 minutes, holding potential for HP agent development and studying cell metabolism under therapies. Impact: By combining rapid 13C agent hyperpolarization through SABRE with a cost-effective DIY perfusion system, our approach significantly increases the throughput and temporal resolution of hyperpolarized 13C MRS, unlocking new avenues for imaging agent development, metabolic studies and drug effect monitoring.
Super-resolution Y-Net for simultaneous 1H MRF/23Na MRI
Authors: Rodriguez Gonzalo , de Moura Hector Lise , Giannakopoulos Ilias , Lattanzi Riccardo , Regatte Ravinder , Madelin Guillaume
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To improve resolution for translating sodium MRI into clinical practice. Goal(s): Develop a super-resolution neural network for brain sodium images. Approach: A cascaded Y-Net is proposed to generate high-resolution sodium images from simultaneously acquired 1H MRF/23Na MRI data. Human brain images from 8 healthy subjects were used for training and validation (154), and testing (22). Results: The generated high-resolution sodium images from the Y-Net showed a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.935, a RMSE=0.034 and a PSNR=28.8 compared with the ground truth. Impact: We introduce a Y-Net super-resolution neural network that generates high-resolution sodium images from simultaneously acquired 1H MRF/23Na MRI data.
MOTIF-CORD: Motion Integrated Forward Model with Co-Estimated Coil Sensitivity and Regularization by Denoiser for Free Breathing Liver DCE-MRI
Authors: Guo Chunxu , Chen Sihao , Gan Weijie , Hu Yuyang , Liu Jiaming , Eldeniz Cihat , Chen Yasheng , Kamilov Ulugbek , Fraum Tyler , An Hongyu
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI faces challenges from respiratory motion and sub-optimal DCE contrast timing. Free-breathing DCE with high temporal resolution is desirable. Goal(s): We aim to reconstruct respiratory motion-free and high temporal resolution DCE-MRI. Approach: We proposed a Motion Integrated Forward model using motion vector fields and jointly estimated coil sensitivity to reconstruct severely under-sampled DCE data. Furthermore, we utilized a model-based deep learning framework to amalgamate the knowledge of the measurement model and the denoising prior. Results: The proposed method provided deformable motion vector fields, coil-sensitivity maps, and sharp motion-free DCE images without artifacts using highly under-sampled data. Impact: This method provides good quality free-breathing liver DCE MR images with high temporal resolution. It will eliminate the need for breath-holding. Moreover, continuous acquisition and high temporal resolution reconstruction mitigate the problem of sub-optimal DCE contrast in clinical diagnosis.
Feasibility of diffusion-weighted and magnetization transfer imaging of the tibial nerve in vivo using 7 Tesla: a pilot reproducibility study
Authors: Boonsuth Ratthaporn , Samson Rebecca S. , McDowell Amy R. , Bridgen Philippa , Lally Peter J , Thornton John S. , Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott Claudia A. M. , Yiannakas Marios C.
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Quantitative and semi-quantitative magnetic resonance imaging investigations of the peripheral nerves in vivo using 7 Tesla are currently limited. Goal(s): To obtain standard diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in the healthy tibial nerve in vivo and to assess the reproducibility of these measures. Approach: Reproducibility was assessed through repeated measurements (scan-rescan) and calculation of the coefficient of variation between measurements. Results: The reproducibility assessment results are presented along with normative DTI and MTR measures in the tibial nerve, which can serve as reference in future studies of pathological conditions affecting the lower peripheral nerves. Impact: This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging to assess the healthy tibial nerve in vivo using diffusion-weighted and magnetization transfer imaging, opening up the possibilities to investigate lower peripheral neuropathies with higher spatial resolution.
Long-term ketamine usage affects mood, cognition, and neurometabolism in mice
Authors: Sarawagi Ajay , Patel Anant
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Recently FDA has approved S-ketamine for the treatment of drug-resistant depression. However, the impact of long-term use of ketamine on mood, cognition, and neurotransmitter pathways is not clear. Goal(s): To assess the impacts of chronic ketamine administration on mood, cognition, and neurometabolism in the mice model. Approach: 1H-[13C]-NMR spectroscopy in conjunction with an intravenous [1,6-13C2]glucose infusion was used for neurometabolic measurements. Results: Ketamine administered mice showed hyperactivity, reduced cognition, and depression-like phenotypes. Moreover, chronic ketamine exposure increased the metabolic activity of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex. Impact: Ketamine, a rapid-acting antidepressant, has been abused as a party drug historically. This study was performed to uncover the adverse effects of chronic ketamine administration and will be useful in designing better treatment approaches for depression.
Quantitative 3D T1rho and T2 Mapping for Radiotherapy Treatment Response Monitoring in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Jogi Sandeep , Peng Qi , Paudyal Ramesh , Shukla-Dave Amita , Shah Akash , Lee Nancy , Otazo Ricardo , Wu Can
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Early assessment of response to radiotherapy may be useful to crucial for effectively managing head and neck cancer (HNC). Goal(s): To evaluate the response to radiotherapy in HNC using quantitative 3D T1rho and T2 mapping. Approach: T1rho and T2 mapping was performed on a healthy volunteer and three HNC patients, one of whom was scanned before, during, and after radiotherapy. Results: Significant decrease in T1rho and T2 values of the tumor were observed two weeks after starting and completing radiotherapy. However, the values in other tissues, such as muscles, remained relatively stable across the three scans. Impact: This study evaluates the feasibility of using quantitative T1rho and T2 mapping to assess the treatment response to radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. This information could be valuable in tailoring individualized treatments for patients with head and neck cancer.
Self Shielding Multi-turn RF Surface Coil Planar Arrays for Low-field MRI at 2MHz
Authors: Bolding N Reid , Srinivas Sai , Lin Snow , Patel Aria , Sun Jessie , Griswold Mark
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Low field MRI using RF based gradients can reduce both its cost and bulk. Multi-channel RF arrays can enable this. Effective methods to decouple these coils and mitigate EMI are necessary for building efficient RF encoding based systems. Goal(s): To improve multi-channel RF array performance for low field MRI and automatically reject EMI. Approach: Develop an array of multi-turn surface coils with concentric shields. These are verified with an EMI rejection test and geometric decoupling tests. Results: These coils automatically reject environmental noise and add two additional geometric coupling modes when used in an array, allowing for more array configurations. Impact: RF array decoupling and EMI mitigation are challenging at low-field. We develop a method to decouple RF coil arrays by leveraging counter-wound multiturn surface coils allowing for additional decoupling modes. These coils are also self-shielded, providing added EMI mitigation.
Trajectory optimization of field of view within a Nonlinear Magnetic Field by a Single-sided Magnet for spatial encoding of portable MRI
Authors: Jiang Yifeng , Yang Junqi , Liang Tingou , Huang Shao Ying , Yu Wenwei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Single-sided MRI offers flexibility for the movements of the field-of-view (FoV) with respect to the magnet. This adds a degree-of-freedom for signal encoding especially when the gradients are non-linear. Goal(s): We aim to optimize the trajectory of the FoV within a non-linear magnet field, generated by a single-sided magnet array for good signal encoding. Approach: Genetic algorithm was used for the optimization. The fitness function includes the filling area of local k-spaces, an indicator of the encoding capability of non-linear gradient field. Results: The optimized trajectories result in improved signal encoding and thus improved image quality. Impact: This work provides an additional degree of freedom to encode signals using single-sided magnet/arrays besides the gradients of field patterns, to improve image quality. It extends the possibility to use a moving single-sided magnet/arrays for imaging.
Short-term White Matter Microstructural Changes in Young Adults Infected with SARS-COV-2 Omicron Variant
Authors: Zheng Jialan , Liu Jiachen , Yang Cong , Yang Hongjia , Li Zihan , Li Haoxiang , Ding Haiyan , Zhao Xihai , Tian Qiyuan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant poses a significant concern. It is important to investigate its potential repercussions on public health. Goal(s): To evaluate the impacts of Omicron variant on white matter microstructure. Approach: Diffusion MRI data were acquired on young adults tested positive for COVID-19 antigen or nucleic acid within two months and with non-hospitalized mild symptoms during infection. Tract-wise DTI metrics were used to quantify microstructural properties. Results: SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to significant short-term microstructural changes in the white matter, which exhibit spatial and gender disparity. Impact: This study provides evidence for short-term microstructural changes induced by SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant infection, which motivates further investigation to uncover the mechanisms by which viruses invade the nervous system.
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) - based tumor subregions features associates with HER2 expression in breast cancer
Authors: Yang Mingyue , Du Siyao , Zhao Ruimeng , Jiang Yueluan , Song Yang , Zhang Lina
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis gives information on diffusion and perfusion and may have a potential for tumor tissue characterization and distinguish the HER2 expression. Goal(s): This work aims to cluster tumor subregions based on IVIM parameter maps and assess the optimal number of clusters and parameter of tumor subregions related to HER2 expression. Approach: we used kmeans method to split the ROI into different sub-regions based on IVIM maps, and imaging features to diagnose HER-2 expression. Results: We found the optimal number of clusters was 3, and F_Median in subregion 1, D_Median and F_Volume in subregion 2 strongly associated with HER2 expression. Impact: These subregions features are expected as a non-invasive way to obtain diffusion and perfusion information, leading to the discovery of reliable imaging biomarkers for guiding precision cancer therapy.
Clinical feasibility of mpMRI in determining bladder-sparing strategy after initial systemic therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Lei Ye , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Chen Yuntian , Xiang Wanxin , Yao Jin , Song Bin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: NacVI-RADS based on mpMRI, was exclusively constructed to evaluate the response to systemic therapy and provided a reference for further treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Goal(s): To examine the feasibility of the nacVI-RADS criteria in driving the therapeutic decision. Approach: Patients received bladder sparing treatment were retrospectively retrieved. Pre-treatment and follow-up MRI were independently reviewed by two readers using the nacVI-RADS. We observed the pathological results from salvage RC and oncological outcomes for patients continuing systemic treatment with different nacVI-RADS category. Results: We confirmed the consistency between the nacVI-RADS score and outcomes to initial treatment both pathologically and oncologically. Impact: We preliminarily verified the feasibility of mpMRI in determining continuing or quitting bladder-sparing strategy after initial systemic therapy for MIBC. Besides, we modified nacVI-RADS, which showed a significantly improved performance in predicting the oncological outcomes after undergoing bladder sparing strategy.
Exploration of the Jacobian Determinant in Voxel-wise Lung Ventilation (VOLVE) Analysis to Assess Local Expansion in COPD
Authors: Peggs Zachary , Brooke Jonathan , Bolton Charlotte , Hall Ian , Francis Susan , Gowland Penny
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To develop 1H MRI methods to study dynamical lung expansion as a marker of lung function. Goal(s): To collect free breathing 1H MRI over the respiratory cycle and investigate the feasibility of using the Jacobian determinant of the registered images for dynamic functional assessment of local expansion, instead of the signal intensity as is used in FD/PREFUL analyses. Approach: Voxel-wise lung ventilation (VOLVE) analysis using the timecourse of deformation based Jacobian determinant to assess the ventilation correlation coefficient. Results: Significant differences in the Jacobian-derived correlation coefficient between healthy and COPD groups indicating differences in local expansion which may provide a lung functional marker. Impact: The Jacobian determinant obtained from registering free breathing 1H lung MRI images provides a metric of local expansion related to respiratory phase, which is sensitive to lung disease. This motivates future work to combine signal intensity-based and deformation-based functional assessments.
Using a Shinnar LeRoux Pulse for 3D Multi Ultra-short TE Look-locker Inversion Recovery for T1-Mapping in the human lungs
Authors: Triphan Simon , Zhang Ke , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Wielpütz Mark
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Lung T1(TE) quantification using 2D UTE was demonstrated as an interesting tool but needs expansion to 3D UTE for better comparability and coverage. However, streaking artefacts originating from the edges of the Field of View are particularly problematic in Lung T1(TE) maps. Goal(s): To reduce streakings in T1(TE) maps caused by B0 inhomogeneities. Approach: A Shinnar LeRoux (SLR) minimum phase pulse was used to limit excitation to a 320mm slab in the Multi Ultra-short TE Look-Locker Inversion Recovery sequence. Results: T1(TE) maps produced using sagittal SLR excitation showed less streakings than using transverse SLR excitation and rectangular pulses, but still had residual streaking. Impact: Inhomogeneity streakings in 3D UTE lung T1(TE) maps were greatly reduced by employing a SLR pulse. With additional efforts during reconstruction, it may be possible to remove the remaining artefacts and quickly acquire parameter maps of the entire lungs.
Correlation Between Cortical Thickness and Motor Functions in Individuals with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burdens
Authors: liang pengcheng , guo lingfei , liang changhu , li meng , li jing , gao yian , sui chaofan , chen yiwen , cheng zhenyu
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Delve into the cortical territories most vulnerable to cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD)Goal(s): Determine the pivotal cortical zones that play a crucial role in mediating motor dysfunction in patients affected by CSVD, and scrutinize the risk factors that could potentially influence these pertinent cerebral areas. Approach: Cortical thickness measurements were acquired utilizing an integrated approach of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and FreeSurfer technology. Results: The right insular cortex holds a crucial position in the cascade of motor impairments observed in individuals diagnosed with CSVD. Body Mass Index (BMI) emerges as a potentially vital risk factor. Impact: Focusing on the cortical thickness of the right insular cortex in individuals with CSVD and the risk factors that influence it (such as BMI) may lead to a better understanding and early intervention for motor impairment in individuals with CSVD.
To evaluate the degree of brain tissue damage in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients by using susceptibility weighted imaging
Authors: Wang Qi , Shi Ying , Lian Jianxiu , Liu Pengfei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of disability among young individuals. There is growing evidence showing that vascular and blood flow abnormalities may serve as potential sources of MS lesions. Goal(s): Our goal was to establish the correlation between the deep medullary veins (DMVs) and the clinical indicators of brain tissue damage in MS. Approach: Patients were imaged utilizing susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) to assess the visibility and morphological changes of DMVs. Results: Damage of DMVs had the significant value in reflecting the degree of brain tissue damage in MS. Impact: Our demonstration of detectable damage in DMVs utilizing SWI provides a radiological marker for benefiting MS patients in need of assessment.
Characterization of White Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis using Proton density and T1-relaxation Measures
Authors: Buch Sagar , Subramanian Karthikeyan , Chen Teresa , Chen Yongsheng , Larvie Mykol , Bernitsas Evanthia , Haacke Ewart
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is a limited understanding of the lesion heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis (MS), which needs to be investigated through different imaging techniques. Goal(s): To characterize MS lesions using proton density (PD) and T1-relaxation maps. Approach: PD and T1 data were generated for 20 relapsing-remitting MS patients. Lesions were voxel-wise divided into high PD regions and the remaining lesional tissue. Clinical scores were correlated with total lesion volume, volumes of high PD regions and high T1 regions. Results: Lesions with high PD exhibited highest probability of occurrence at the boundary of lateral ventricles and likely represent chronic lesions with significant local tissue rarefaction. Impact: Proton density and T1-relaxation maps act as an essential complement to the conventional clinical sequences and could serve as a new biomarker for assessing tissue damage in white matter lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evaluation of White Matter Microstructure Damages by Automated Fiber Quantification in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Li Yongmei , Yan Zichun
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by a series of pathological processes mainly caused by white matter (WM) lesions. Thus, the correct and comprehensive understanding of WM in RRMS patients is essential for clinical practice. Goal(s): To characterize the WM fiber tracts by automated fiber quantification (AFQ) cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and explore the correlation between the cognitive performance. Approach: The DTI metrics ectracted by AFQ were investigated cross-sectionally and longitudinal in entire and pointwise manners. The partial correlation analyses were performed between the abnormal metrics and the cognitive performance. Results: MS patients showed a widespread WM microstructure alteration, and widely correlated with cognitive performance. Impact: RRMS patients showed a widespread WM microstructure alteration, and the altered metrics were widely correlated with cognitive performance, which will enhance our understanding of WM microstructure damages in RRMS patients.
Central Vein Sign and Trigeminal Lesions of Multiple Sclerosis Visualized by 7.0T MRI
Authors: Jing Jing , Zhang Zhe , Su Lei , Li Yuan , Gao Chenyang , Guo Ai , Liu Xinyao , Wang Huabing , Zhang Xinghu , Liu Yaou , Waubant Emmanuelle , Shi Fu-Dong , Tian Decai
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple sclerosis patients are more vulnerable to trigeminal neuralgia, but the mechanism behind this nerve injury is still unclear. Goal(s): We aim to investigate trigeminal nerve involvement in MS and provide insight into pathology. Approach: 120 patients underwent 7.0 T multi-modality MRI scans. T1-MPRAGE, T2-FLAIR, FLAWS-MP2RAGE, and T2*W images were collected. Results: Our study confirmed the high prevalence of trigeminal nerve on 7.0 T MRI and highlighted the presence of a central vein sign in trigeminal nerve lesions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology and location-specific nature of trigeminal lesions. Impact: This finding reinforces that trigeminal nerve involvement represents a characteristic of MS lesions, which has the potential for precising diagnosis in the future.
SHAP Interpretation of Machine Learning Model for Subcortical White Matter Biomarkers in Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Montalba Cristian , Franco Pamela , Caulier-Cisterna Raul , Cruz Juan Pablo , Carcamo Claudia , Ciampi Ethel
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple Sclerosis patients present cognitive decline at the early stages of the disease. Current neurocognitive batteries may not identify early changes. FA evaluates microstructural changes in white matter. To consider clinicopathological correlation remains complex and needs to be understood. Goal(s): A biomarker that could detect patients with cognitive deficits might benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. Approach: ML to identify subcortical white matter biomarkers between Healthy Controls with Cognitive Preserved and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients with or without cognitive impairment in verbal episodic memory. Results: We found six FA biomarkers, all located in the frontal lobes. These features maximized the accuracy, obtained: 62.22±17.33%. Impact: Since the MRI is the gold standard for MS diagnosis, we can obtain new insights about not only the patient's condition but also detect early changes in patients with cognitive impairment.
Towards clinical translation of single-subject characterization of T1 changes to capture the extent of focal tissue damage in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Kuntke Paul , Köhler Caroline , Hösel Lisa , Piredda Gian Franco , Di Noto Tommaso , Caneschi Samuele , Roccaro Lucia , Disselhorst Jonathan A. , Bodenmann Tobias , Jerez Ricardo Corredor , Kober Tobias , Hilbert Tom , Maréchal Bénédicte , Ziemssen Tjalf , Kitzler Hagen H.
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Multiple sclerosis involves both focal and diffuse tissue damage, necessitating rapid MRI methods that can be easily incorporated into clinical routine and can capture disease-specific microstructural changes. Goal(s): The purpose of this study was to capture the magnitude of qT1 changes within lesions. Approach: Using MP2RAGE, qT1 changes within lesions could be measured as T1 z-scores. Results: A total of n=3511 individual lesions were examined, of which 49.5% had a mean z-score greater than 2, reflecting deficient tissue integrity. The deficient volume fraction, reflecting the damage within the whole white matter, can be used to characterize the tissue destruction burden of MS patients. Impact: T1 mapping using a rapid MP2RAGE sequence can be incorporated into clinical practice to determine the severity of damage in multiple sclerosis lesions, particularly important for detecting disease severity of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.
Cross-sectional multiparametric subtyping of multiple sclerosis lesions informs on their longitudinal evolution
Authors: Ravano Veronica , Andelova Michaela , Piredda Gian Franco , Sommer Stefan , Caneschi Samuele , Roccaro Lucia , Krasenky Jan , Kudrna Matej , Uher Tomas , Corredor-Jerez Ricardo , Disselhorst Jonathan , Maréchal Bénédicte , Hilbert Tom , Thiran Jean-Philippe , Richiardi Jonas , Horakova Dana , Vaneckova Manuela , Kober Tobias
Published: November 2024

Motivation: In multiple sclerosis, slowly expanding lesions have been suggested as a hallmark of a steadily worsening disease course. However, identifying these lesions is challenging, as their growth rates are at the detection limit of today's processing algorithms or MRI data must be available over a long period of time. Goal(s): To identify and characterise slowly expanding lesions in cross-sectional data. Approach: We compared changes in quantitative T1, T2 and T2/T1-ratio inside lesions and in perilesional tissue for enlarging/stable/shrinking/new lesion phenotypes. Results: Z-scores of multiparametric quantitative maps carry discriminative information to classify lesion evolution from single time point data. Impact: Our findings suggest that quantitative multiparametric analyses allow a better in vivo characterisation of microstructural tissue pathology in multiple sclerosis; this furthers the understanding of different lesion evolutions and might enable to already distinguish them from cross-sectional data.
Assessment of Periventricular Gradient of Myelin Content in Multiple Sclerosis Using Synthetic MRI
Authors: Nakaya Moto , Hagiwara Akifumi , Hoshino Yasunobu , Tomizawa Yuji , Uchida Wataru , Sekine Towa , Kamio Satoru , Andica Christina , Kamagata Koji , Hori Masaaki , Wada Akihiko , Abe Osamu , Hattori Nobutaka , Aoki Shigeki
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Though periventricular gradient (PVG) mapping has been demonstrated to be useful, previous studies have employed 2D magnetization transfer ratios and T1 maps, which are not specific to myelin. Goal(s): This study investigates the use of synthetic MRI myelin maps to assess the periventricular gradient (PVG) of myelin volume fraction (MVF) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Approach: This study includes 22 healthy individuals, 84 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and 17 patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Results: PVGs of RRMS and SPMS were higher than that of healthy individuals, with SPMS showing higher PVG than RRMS. Impact: In conclusion, the influence of demyelination in MS appears to be more prominent in the vicinity of the ventricles.
Enhanced approach for three-dimensional myelin-weighted imaging using a novel flow suppression technique in the ViSTa
Authors: Oh Sehong , Lee Gawon , Ken Sakaie , Lowe Mark
Published: November 2024

Motivation: ViSTa offers improved myelin-weighted image. However, the presence of flow artifacts was seen when scanning a subject with a high flow speed. Goal(s): This study aimed to construct a novel 3D ViSTa sequence by implementing a series of flow saturation pulses. Approach: Three flow saturation pulses were placed as evenly as possible between the 1st inversion pulse and the excitation pulse to effectively mitigate the presence of flow with various speeds. Results: The results from the proposed ViSTa sequence reveal a significant reduction in flow artifacts. When we conduct MS patient scans, lesions have a significantly diminished signal level, providing a distinct demarcation. Impact: The proposed method provides improved whole-brain covered 3D myelin-weighted images in a clinically reasonable scan time (< 7 min). Moreover, it shows good sensitivity to MS lesions. These features make the proposed method appealing for clinical neuroimaging applications.
Quantification of high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy in cerebral organoids
Authors: Bolanos Maria Alejandra Castilla , Biswas Rajshree Ghosh , Niemtiz Matthias , simpson Andre , Schuurmans Carol , Near Jamie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 12Goal(s): 2Approach: 2Results: 2Impact: 2
Advanced Analytics Tools Guide Clinical MRI Protocol Optimization and Quantify Value
Authors: Chu Sheena , Reeder Scott , Garrett John
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Quantifying clinical MRI utilization is essential to identifying opportunities to improve workflow and efficiency and contribute to better patient access and increased value. Goal(s): We aim to demonstrate the benefits of analytics tools to measure utilization and guide protocol optimization. Approach: An advanced analytics methodology was developed to identify workflow improvements and measure the impact of protocol interventions. Results: We quantified the impact of three interventions: 1) MR enterography protocol modification, 2) focused protocols for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance, and 3) improved communication strategies for oblique image prescription for rectal cancer staging. All interventions were shown to improve MRI workflow and reduce exam time. Impact: It is currently challenging to quantify the utilization of clinical MRI exams. Through the use of analytics tools to characterize MR exam utilization, opportunities for improvement can be identified. Such tools are essential to improve the value of MRI.
Metabolic response of paediatric-type diffuse high grade glioma cells to PI3K inhibition detected by 2H-MRS
Authors: Bolster Declan , O'Keeffe James , Roy Upasana , Michaels Aidan , Rogers Rebecca , Carvalho Diana Martins , Lui Maggie , Mirza Amin , Jamin Yann , Box Carol , Jones Chris , Eykyn Thomas , Robinson Simon , Boult Jessica
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Effective treatment response seen in paediatric-type diffuse high grade glioma with conventional MRI can take months to manifest. Goal(s): Evaluation of 2H-MRS for monitoring the metabolism of deuterated glucose in PDHGG cells and assessing early metabolic response to PI3K inhibition. Approach: PIK3R1 mutant neurospheres were treated with a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor for 72 and 24 hours, and 2H spectra dynamically acquired in the presence of [6,6-2H2]-glucose. Results: Treatment significantly reduced glycolytic rates at both timepoints. At 24 hours there was no difference in cell number or viability, highlighting the potential of 2H-MRS to provide an early biomarker of response. Impact: Establishing acute treatment-induced changes in the glycolytic rate of PDHGG neurospheres using 2H-MRS provides confidence in the sensitivity of deuterium metabolic imaging for assessing the early response of orthotopic PDHGG models to PI3K inhibition in vivo.
Measuring Tissue-Specific Relaxation Times of Deuterium (2H) Labeled Resonances in the Human Brain at 7T
Authors: Bader Viola , Strasser Bernhard , Bogner Wolfgang , Hingerl Lukas , Frese Sabina , Clarke William , Motyka Stanislav , Krššák Martin , Trattnig Siegfried , Scherer Thomas , Lanzenberger Rupert , Niess Fabian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an emerging Magnetic Resonance technique to non-invasively map the cellular glucose uptake and downstream metabolism. For a reliable concentration estimation, tissue-specific relaxation times are essential, yet only unlocalized relaxation time constants of deuterium labeled resonances are reported. Goal(s): Measure tissue-specific relaxation times of deuterated resonances (glucose, glutamate+glutamine). Approach: Inversion recovery and Hahn spin-echo acquisition schemes were implemented into 3D FID 2H-MRSI using concentric ring trajectory readout. Results: Measured T1 and T2 relaxation time constants of Glc (T1GM=56±14ms; T1WM=60±19ms; T2GM=37±1ms; T2WM=36±2ms) and Glx (T1WM=167±22ms; T1GM=173±12ms; T2GM=36±1ms; T2WM=34±1ms) were not significantly different between GM and WM. Impact: Many severe brain pathologies feature regional differences in brain glucose metabolism, therefore tissue-specific (grey and white matter) relaxation times (T1 and T2) of deuterium labeled resonances are needed for accurate concentration estimation of the kinetics of energy metabolites (Glc,Glx).
Brain consciousness affects HP lactate labeling from HP pyruvate
Authors: Lê Thanh Phong , Capozzi Andrea , Hyacinthe Jean-Noël , Mishkovsky Mor
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Brain metabolism and activity are closely related. General anesthesia, commonly used in preclinical studies, alters functional connectivity, hemodynamics and metabolism. In preclinical MR, metabolic studies frequently employ isoflurane, while a medetomidine-isoflurane combination is preferred for fMRI. Detection of HP substrate conversions is the sole MR technology capable to capture real-time metabolism. Goal(s): Towards rodent fMRSI studies, we aim to compare the cerebral metabolism of HP [1-13C] pyruvate between mice under isoflurane-only and combined medetomidine-isoflurane anesthesia. Approach: Dynamic MRSI at high spatiotemporal resolution characterized HP pyruvate metabolism. Results: Pyruvate-to-lactate turnover is lower and delayed under medetomidine-isoflurane compared to isoflurane-only anesthesia. Impact: Anesthesia can modulate brain consciousness. Significantly higher hyperpolarized pyruvate-to-lactate turnover is observed in mice under isoflurane-only compared to medetomidine-isoflurane anesthesia. Beyond this finding’s relevance for preclinical studies, this opens opportunities for probing brain biochemistry in patients under general anesthesia.