bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histomorphological and Dynamical Changes in Female River Lampreys during Maturation under Controlled Conditions as a Part of Lamprey Restoration Programs
Authors: Nowosad Joanna , Kujawa Roman , Sherzada Shahid , Kucharczyk Dariusz , Mikiewicz Mateusz , Dryl Katarzyna , Kapusta Andrzej , Łuczyńska Joanna , Abdel-Latif Hany
Published: August 2024

More than 40 species of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) are known worldwide. Some of them are parasitic and feed on the blood of fish or other aquatic animals. Lampreys spawn once in their lifetime, after which they die. One of the representatives of the ichthyofauna of European rivers is the river lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis. The river lamprey is now an endangered species due to loss and degradation of their habitats. The present study investigated gonadal development without hormonal stimulation in female river lampreys during puberty under controlled conditions for a period of seven months. Female river lampreys were kept in conditions that mimicked the natural environment. During the November–May period, samples were taken monthly to determine the extent of gonadal development and gastrointestinal and liver changes using histological examination. From the results obtained, the dynamical changes were determined for the following: gonadosomatic index (GSI; %), hepatosomatic index (his; %), and digestivesomatic index (DSI; %). With the gonadal development of female lampreys, an increase in GSI (7–23%; November–May) and a decrease in DSI (0.4–0.1%; November–May) histological changes were observed in the gonads (oocyte development), intestines (over time, decreased lipid vacuoles and enterocyte apoptosis), and in the liver (decreased lipid vacuoles and hepatocyte apoptosis over time) and in the digestive system resulting from its degradation. Also, it was observed that there was a change in the color of the liver to green in April. This study demonstrated the key role of the liver in the oocyte maturation process in this species.
Key Factors for a Successful Telemedicine Solution for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Russo Giuseppe Felice , Basile Ilaria , Ciampi Mario , Silvestri Stefano
Published: August 2024

Background: Telemonitoring systems in cardiology have shown potential in improving chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) management. This study aims to evaluate the impact of telemonitoring, mainly through mobile applications, on patient outcomes such as self-care, blood pressure control, quality of life, and hospitalization. Methods: We systematically reviewed studies assessing telemonitoring methods for patients with chronic CVD. The analysis included studies from various geographic regions and healthcare settings, focusing on qualitative outcomes without performing a meta-analysis. Results: Telemonitoring was found to aid in maintaining blood pressure and significantly enhance self-care abilities. Improvements in quality of life were observed in some studies, though results varied. Most studies indicated telemonitoring could effectively manage blood pressure and reduce hypertension-related complications. However, the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes measured across trials posed challenges for a comprehensive meta-analysis. Conclusions: Integrating telemonitoring systems into routine care can significantly improve disease management and patient outcomes for chronic CVD patients. Future research should standardize telemonitoring interventions and outcome measures, conduct long-term studies, and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these systems. Greater blindness in future randomized controlled trials and more studies on atrial fibrillation are also necessary. Significant potential exists for telemonitoring to improve patient outcomes and assist in managing chronic illnesses.
A Methodology for Modeling a Multi-Dimensional Joint Distribution of Parameters Based on Small-Sample Data, and Its Application in High Rockfill Dams
Authors: Guo Qinqin , Huang Huibao , Lu Xiang , Chen Jiankang , Zhang Xiaoshuang , Zhao Zhiyi
Published: August 2024

The composition of high rockfill dam materials is complex, and the mechanical parameters are uncertain and correlated in unknown ways due to the influences of the environment and construction, leading to complex deformation mechanisms in the dam–foundation system. Statistical characteristics of material parameters are the basis for deformation and stress analysis of high core rockfill dams, and using an inaccurate distribution model may result in erroneous analysis results. Furthermore, empirically evaluated distribution types of parameters are susceptible to the influence of small sample sizes, which are common in the statistics of geotechnical engineering. Therefore, proposing a multi-dimensional joint distribution model for parameters based on small-sample data is of great importance. This study determined the interval estimation values of Duncan–Chang E-B model parameters—such as the mean value and coefficient of variation for the core wall, rockfill, and overburden materials—using parameter statistical analysis, bootstrap sampling methods, and Akaike information criterion (AIC) optimization. Additionally, the marginal distribution types of each parameter were identified. Subsequently, a multi-dimensional joint distribution model for Duncan–Chang model parameters was constructed based on the multi-dimensional nonlinear correlation analysis of parameters and the Copula function theory. The application results for the PB dam demonstrate that joint sampling can effectively reflect the inherent correlation laws of material parameters, and that the results for stress and deformation are reasonable, leading to a sound evaluation of the cracking risk in the core wall of high core rockfill dams.
Ontology Construction of Digitization Domain for Ancient Architecture
Authors: Wang Yuxuan , Dong Youqiang
Published: August 2024

This article proposes a method for ontology construction in the field of ancient architecture digitization with the aim of addressing the lack of formalization, sharing, and reusable unified description mechanisms currently observed in the field of ancient architecture digitization. This method defines the related concepts, attributes, and relationships between concepts in the digitization of ancient architecture. It employs the network ontology language OWL to model the ontology in the digitization domain of ancient architecture and realizes the visualization of the ontology in the digitization domain of ancient architecture, thereby providing effective support for the sharing and reuse of digitization knowledge of ancient architecture. Finally, an example of a wooden tower is taken to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method.
Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) Advances to Re-Contextualize Cultural Heritage toward Multiperspectivity, Inclusion, and Sensemaking
Authors: Hirsch Linda , Paananen Siiri , Lengyel Denise , Häkkilä Jonna , Toubekis Georgios , Talhouk Reem , Hespanhol Luke
Published: August 2024

Today’s social and political movements against dominant Western narratives call for a re-contextualization of cultural heritage (CH) toward inclusivity, multiperspectivity, and sensemaking. Our work approaches this challenge from a Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) perspective, questioning how HCI approaches, tools and methods can contribute to CH re-contextualization. Through collaborative reflection on our research practice, we identified four diverging case studies highlighting the different roles of HCI and its increasing entanglement with CH. Case studies 1–3 focus on HCI as a medium for CH, case 4 on digital CH, and thereby on the HCI–CH entanglement. Our reflections contribute to CH re-contextualization by highlighting the need for co-design and slow design approaches, the role of HCI technologies in preserving, communicating, and shaping CH, and open questions and challenges related to the increasing HCI–CH convergence.
Experimental Investigation on Failure Characteristics of Pre-Holed Jointed Rock Mass Assisted with AE and DIC
Authors: Yan Xiaoming , Liu Yixing , Yang Shuo , Jin Yuhao , Chen Miao
Published: August 2024

For jointed rock mass with anisotropy and discontinuity, the structure of the surrounding rock is constantly developing and changing during tunnel excavation. It is difficult to reasonably predict localized deformation of jointed rock mass by using the existing rock mechanics theory. In this paper, the failure characteristic of pre-holed jointed rock mass with three joint angles is experimentally investigated by adopting the digital image correlation and acoustic emission methods. To avoid the influence of measurement error on Digital Image Correlation (DIC) from discontinuous deformation, parametric studies and an optimized algorithm are also included in DIC tests. Results indicate that the perpendicular-jointed condition (0° joints) is the most dangerous situation because of its comparatively lower strength and brittle failure mode with a shift energy release. For rocks with different jointed angles, localized deformation emerges after the material enters the plasticity. Significant localization occurs after the failure with cracks surrounding the center hole and pre-existing joints.
A Four-Label-Based Algorithm for Solving Stable Extension Enumeration in Abstract Argumentation Frameworks
Authors: Luo Mao , He Ningning , Wu Xinyun , Xiong Caiquan , Xu Wanghao
Published: August 2024

In abstract argumentation frameworks, the computation of stable extensions is an important semantic task for evaluating the acceptability of arguments. The current approaches for the computation of stable extensions are typically conducted through methodologies that are either label-based or extension-based. Label-based algorithms operate by assigning labels to each argument, thus reducing the attack relations between arguments to constraint relations among the labels. This paper analyzes the existing two-label and three-label enumeration algorithms for stable extensions through case studies. It is found that both the two-label and three-label algorithms are not precise enough in defining types of arguments. To address these issues, this paper proposes a four-label enumeration algorithm for stable extensions. This method introduces amust_in label to pre-mark certain in-type arguments, thereby achieving a finer classification of in-type arguments. This enhances the labelings’ propagation ability and reduces the algorithm’s search space. Our proposed four-label algorithm was tested on authoritative benchmark sets of abstract argumentation framework problems: ICCMA 2019, ICCMA 2021, and ICCMA 2023. Experimental results show that the four-label algorithm significantly improves solving efficiency compared to existing two-label and three-label algorithms. Additionally, ablation experiments confirm that both the four-label transition strategy and preprocessing strategy enhance the algorithm’s performance.
Construction of Ensemble Learning Model for Home Appliance Demand Forecasting
Authors: Duan Ganglong , Dong Jiayi
Published: August 2024

Given the increasing competition among household appliance enterprises, accurately predicting household appliance demand is crucial for enterprise supply chain management and marketing. This paper proposes a combined model integrating deep learning and ensemble learning—LSTM-RF-XGBoost—to assist enterprises in identifying customer demand, thereby addressing the complexity and uncertainty of the household appliance market demand. In this study, Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models are established separately. Then, the three individual algorithms are used as the base models in the first layer, with the multiple linear regression (MLR) algorithm serving as the meta-model in the second layer, merging the demand prediction model based on the hybrid model into the overall demand prediction model. This study demonstrates that the accuracy and stability of demand prediction using the LSTM–RF–XGBoost model significantly outperform traditional single models, highlighting the significant advantages of using a combined model. This research offers practical and innovative solutions for enterprises seeking rational resource allocation through demand prediction.
Identification of Transformer Parameters Using Dandelion Algorithm
Authors: El-Dabah Mahmoud A. , Agwa Ahmed M.
Published: August 2024

Researchers tackled the challenge of finding the right parameters for a transformer-equivalent circuit. They achieved this by minimizing the difference between actual measurements (currents, powers, secondary voltage) during a transformer load test and the values predicted by the model using different parameter settings. This process considers limitations on what values the parameters can have. This research introduces the application of a new and effective optimization algorithm called the dandelion algorithm (DA) to determine these transformer parameters. Information from real-time tests (single- and three-phase transformers) is fed into a computer program that uses the DA to find the best parameters by minimizing the aforementioned difference. Tests confirm that the DA is a reliable and accurate tool for estimating the transformer parameters. It achieves excellent performance and stability in finding the optimal values that precisely reflect how a transformer behaves. The DA achieved a significantly lower best fitness function value of 0.0136101 for the three-phase transformer case, while for the single-phase case it reached 0.601764. This indicates a substantially improved match between estimated and measured electrical parameters for the three-phase transformer model. By comparing DA with six competitive algorithms to prove how well each method minimized the difference between measurements and predictions, it could be shown that the DA outperforms these other techniques.
Deriving Tropical Cyclone-Associated Flood Hazard Information Using Clustered GPM-IMERG Rainfall Signatures: Case Study in Dominica
Authors: Nabukulu Catherine , Jetten Victor G. , Ettema Janneke , van den Bout Bastian , Haarsma Reindert J.
Published: August 2024

Various stakeholders seek effective methods to communicate the potential impacts of tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall and subsequent flood hazards. While current methods, such as Intensity–Duration–Frequency curves, offer insights, they do not fully capture TC rainfall complexity and variability. This research introduces an innovative workflow utilizing GPM-IMERG satellite precipitation estimates to cluster TC rainfall spatial–temporal patterns, thereby illustrating their potential for flood hazard assessment by simulating associated flood responses. The methodology is tested using rainfall time series from a single TC as it traversed a 500 km diameter buffer zone around Dominica. Spatial partitional clustering with K-means identified the spatial clusters of rainfall time series with similar temporal patterns. The optimal value of K = 4 was most suitable for grouping the rainfall time series of the tested TC. Representative precipitation signals (RPSs) from the quantile analysis generalized the cluster temporal patterns. RPSs served as the rainfall input for the openLISEM, an event-based hydrological model simulating related flood characteristics. The tested TC exhibited three spatially distinct levels of rainfall magnitude, i.e., extreme, intermediate, and least intense, each resulting in different flood responses. Therefore, TC rainfall varies in space and time, affecting local flood hazards; flood assessments should incorporate variability to improve response and recovery.
Combining Glimm’s Scheme and Operator Splitting for Simulating Constrained Flows in Porous Media
Authors: Martins-Costa Maria Laura , Freitas Rachid Felipe Bastos de , Gama Rogério Pazetto S. da , Saldanha da Gama Rogério M.
Published: August 2024

This paper studies constrained Newtonian fluid flows through porous media, accounting for the drag effect on the fluid, modeled using a Mixture Theory perspective and a constitutive relation for the pressure—namely, a continuous and differentiable function of the saturation that ensures always preserving the problem hyperbolicity. The pressure equation also permits an ultra-small porous matrix supersaturation (that is controlled) and the transition from unsaturated to saturated flow (and vice versa). The mathematical model gives rise to a nonlinear, non-homogeneous hyperbolic system. Its numerical simulation combines Glimm’s method with an operator-splitting strategy to account for the Darcy and Forchheimer terms that cause the system’s non-homogeneity. Despite the Glimm method’s proven convergence, it is not adequate to approximate non-homogeneous hyperbolic systems unless combined with an operator-splitting technique. Although other approaches have already addressed this problem, the novelty is combining Glimm’s method with operator-splitting to account for linear and nonlinear drag effects. Glimm’s scheme marches in time using a formerly selected number of associated Riemann problems. The constitutive relation for the pressure—an increasing function of the saturation, with the first derivative also increasing, convex, and positive, enables us to obtain explicit expressions for the Riemann invariants. The results show the influence of the Darcy and Forchheimer drag terms on the flow.
Dapagliflozin: A Promising Strategy to Combat Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Satyam Shakta Mani , Bairy Laxminarayana Kurady , Rehman Abdul , Farook Mohamed , Khan Sofiya , Nair Anuradha Asokan , Binu Nirmal Nachiketh , Yehya Mohamed , Khan Mohammed Moin
Published: August 2024

Recognizing the challenges posed by chemotherapy, specifically the hepatotoxic effects of drugs like cisplatin, this study aimed to examine the hepatoprotective potential of dapagliflozin to mitigate cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. This study focused on repurposing drugs such as dapagliflozin and natural agents like silymarin as potential interventions to address cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty adult female Wistar rats were distributed into five groups and treated with cisplatin alone, silymarin, dapagliflozin, or a combination of dapagliflozin and silymarin accordingly for 45 days. Body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, liver function tests, and histopathological analysis were conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects. Cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity significantly (p < 0.05) increased the serum levels of ALT, AST, TB, and reduced the TP and albumin levels. Dapagliflozin administration led to significant reductions in ALT, AST, TB, and increased albumin levels. Silymarin demonstrated comparable effects. Combining dapagliflozin and silymarin showed synergistic effects, further reducing the liver enzymes and improving albumin levels. Histopathological examination supported these findings, revealing the restoration of liver structure with dapagliflozin and silymarin treatment. Dapagliflozin and silymarin exhibited substantial hepatoprotective benefits against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The combination therapy demonstrated synergistic effects, highlighting a potential therapeutic approach for mitigating chemotherapy-induced liver damage. Further research into molecular mechanisms and clinical translation is warranted, offering hope for improved clinical outcomes in cancer patients undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
High-Salt Diet and Intestinal Microbiota: Influence on Cardiovascular Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Wang Xueyang , Lang Fuyuan , Liu Dan
Published: August 2024

Salt, or sodium chloride, is an essential component of the human diet. Recent studies have demonstrated that dietary patterns characterized by a high intake of salt can influence the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota, and may play a pivotal role in the etiology and exacerbation of certain diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this review is to synthesize the effects of elevated salt consumption on the gut microbiota, including its influence on gut microbial metabolites and the gut immune system. Additionally, this review will investigate the potential implications of these effects for the development of cardiovascular disease and inflammatory bowel disease. The findings of this study offer novel insights and avenues for the management of two common conditions with significant clinical implications.
Genome Mining for Diazo-Synthesis-Related Genes in Streptomyces sp. CS057 Unveiled the Cryptic Biosynthetic Gene Cluster crx for the Novel 3,4-AHBA-Derived Compound Crexazone 2
Authors: Prado-Alonso Laura , Ye Suhui , Pérez-Victoria Ignacio , Montero Ignacio , Riesco Pedro , Ortiz-López Francisco Javier , Martín Jesús , Olano Carlos , Reyes Fernando , Méndez Carmen
Published: August 2024

Natural products play a crucial role in drug development, addressing the escalating microbial resistance to antibiotics and the treatment of emerging diseases. Progress in genome sequencing techniques, coupled with the development of bioinformatics tools and the exploration of uncharted habitats, has highlighted the biosynthetic potential of actinomycetes. By in silico screening for diazo-related gene genomes from twelve Streptomyces strains isolated from Attini leaf-cutting ants, the new crx biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) was identified in Streptomyces sp. CS057. This cluster, highly conserved in several Streptomyces strains, contains genes related to diazo group formation and genes for the biosynthesis of 3,4-AHBA. By overexpressing the LuxR-like regulatory gene crxR1, we were able to activate the crx cluster, which encodes the biosynthesis of three 3,4-AHBA-derived compounds that we named crexazones (CRXs). The chemical structure of crexazones (CRXs) was determined by LC-DAD-HRMS-based dereplication and NMR spectroscopic analyses and was found to correspond to two known compounds, 3-acetamido-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (CRX1) and the phenoxazinone texazone (CRX3), and a novel 3,4-AHBA-containing compound herein designated as CRX2. Experimental proof linking the crx BGC to their encoded compounds was achieved by generating mutants in selected crx genes.
Correction: Yang et al. Lichen Secondary Metabolite Physciosporin Decreases the Stemness Potential of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2019, 9, 797
Authors: Yang Yi , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Pereira Iris , Hur Jae-Seoun , Kim Hangun
Published: August 2024

In the original publication [...]
Neurocysticercosis—Diagnostic Mystery: Current Status for Europe
Authors: Hurła Mikołaj , Pikor Damian , Kościelecka Klaudia , Drelichowska Alicja , Banaszek Natalia , Paul Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium, presents a diagnostic conundrum due to its rare and often nonspecific clinical manifestations. This paper aims to unravel the diagnostic mystery surrounding NCC, shedding light on its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and the challenges encountered in its diagnosis. Despite being considered a rare disease, NCC is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy worldwide, underscoring its clinical significance. The complexity of NCC diagnosis lies in its diverse clinical presentations, which can range from headaches, dizziness, and seizures to more severe neurological cognitive deficits. This diversity often leads to misdiagnosis. Furthermore, the limitations of current diagnostic methods, including serological tests and neuroimaging, contribute to the diagnostic dilemma. This paper emphasises the need for improved diagnostic criteria and novel diagnostic tools to enable early and accurate detection of NCC. By enhancing our understanding of NCC, we can pave the way for better management strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes in this under-recognised disease.
Optical Interferometric Device for Rapid and Specific Detection of Biological Cells
Authors: Valkai Sándor , Petrovszki Dániel , Fáskerti Zsombor , Baumgärtner Margaréta , Biczók Brigitta , Dakos Kira , Dósa Kevin , Kirner Berill B. , Kocsis Anna E. , Nagy Krisztina , Andó István , Dér András
Published: August 2024

Here, we report a rapid and accurate optical method for detecting cells from liquid samples in a label-free manner. The working principle of the method is based on the interference of parts of a conical laser beam, coming from a single-mode optical fiber directly, and reflected from a flat glass surface. The glass is functionalized by antibodies against the cells to be detected from the liquid sample. Cells bound to that surface modify the reflected beam, and hence, change the resulting interference pattern, too. By registering and interpreting the variation in the image, the presence of cells from the sample can be detected. As for a demonstration, cell suspensions from a U937 cell line were used in glass chambers functionalized by antibodies (TMG6-5 (mIgG1)) to which the cells specifically bind. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method was also estimated. This proof-of-concept setup offers a cost-effective and easy-to-use way of rapid and specific detection of any type of cells (including pathogens) from suspensions (e.g., body fluids). The possible portability of the device predicts its applicability as a rapid test in clinical diagnostics.
High Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Navigated Kirschner-Wire-Less Single-Step Pedicle Screw System (SSPSS) in Lumbar Fusions: Comparison of Intraoperatively Planned versus Final Screw Position
Authors: Bielecki Mateusz , Boadi Blake I. , Xie Yizhou , Ikwuegbuenyi Chibuikem A. , Farooq Minaam , Berger Jessica , Hernández-Hernández Alan , Hussain Ibrahim , Härtl Roger
Published: August 2024

(1) Background: Our team has previously introduced the Single-Step Pedicle Screw System (SSPSS), which eliminates the need for K-wires, as a safe and effective method for percutaneous minimally invasive spine (MIS) pedicle screw placement. Despite this, there are ongoing concerns about the reliability and accuracy of screw placement in MIS procedures without traditional tools like K-wires and Jamshidi needles. To address these concerns, we evaluated the accuracy of the SSPSS workflow by comparing the planned intraoperative screw trajectories with the final screw positions. Traditionally, screw placement accuracy has been assessed by grading the final screw position using postoperative CT scans. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent lumbar interbody fusion, using intraoperative 3D navigation for screw placement. The planned screw trajectories were saved in the navigation system during each procedure, and postoperative CT scans were used to evaluate the implanted screws. Accuracy was assessed by comparing the Gertzbein and Robbins classification scores of the planned trajectories and the final screw positions. Accuracy was defined as a final screw position matching the classification of the planned trajectory. (3) Results: Out of 206 screws, 196 (95%) were accurately placed, with no recorded complications. (4) Conclusions: The SSPSS workflow, even without K-wires and other traditional instruments, facilitates accurate and reliable pedicle screw placement.
Reward History and Statistical Learning Independently Impact Attention Search: An ERP Study
Authors: Zhao Guang , Wu Rongtao , Wang Huijun , Chen Jiahuan , Li Shiyi , Wang Qiang , Sun Hong-Jin
Published: August 2024

Selection history is widely accepted as a vital source in attention control. Reward history indicates that a learned association captures attention even when the reward is no longer presented, while statistical learning indicates that a learned probability exerts its influence on attentional control (facilitation or inhibition). Existing research has shown that the effects of the reward history and statistical learning are additive, suggesting that these two components influence attention priority through different pathways. In the current study, leveraging the temporal resolution advantages of EEG, we explored whether these two components represent independent sources of attentional bias. The results revealed faster responses to the target at the high-probability location compared to low-probability locations. Both the target and distractor at high-probability locations elicited larger early Pd (50–150 ms) and Pd (150–250 ms) components. The reward distractor slowed the target search and elicited a larger N2pc (180–350 ms). Further, no interaction between statistical learning and the reward history was observed in RTs or N2pc. The different types of temporal progression in attention control indicate that statistical learning and the reward history independently modulate the attention priority map.
Links between Vaccination Fear-, Anxiety-, Alexithymia-, and Type D Personality-Related Vaccination Decisions: A Network Analysis in a Multicultural Sample
Authors: Malas Olga , Boustani Nada Mallah , Duradoni Mirko , Omotoso Dayo , Avşar Asiye Şengül , Shyroka Anastasiia , Colombini Giulia , Tolsá Maria Dolores
Published: August 2024

This study examines the links between vaccination status, fear of vaccination (cognitive and somatic symptoms), anxiety, alexithymia, and type D personality (negative affect and social inhibition), to propose policies to increase vaccination rates. A sample of university students (n = 2535; mean age = 20.59, SD = 2.04; male: 26.75%, female: 73.25%) from Spain, Italy, Lebanon, Nigeria, Turkey, and Ukraine completed the Vaccination Fear Scale (VFS-6), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire—Short Form (PAQ-S), the Type D Scale (DS14), and also a question on vaccination status. Correlation, regression, and network analyses were applied. Cognitive symptoms of fear of vaccination and negative affect were the most significant in the correlation and regression analyses. In the network analysis, negative affect showed the highest values in all centrality indices and positive relationships with other nodes. Vaccination status showed negative relationships with fear of vaccination, alexithymia, and social inhibition. The network structure is similar between the sexes but varies between cultures and sexes within cultures. The relationship between vaccination status and cognitive symptoms of fear of vaccination was the most consistent, allowing for interventions at this level to be advised across cultures. For more specific interventions, cultural context must be considered for optimal results.
Healing Spaces Improve the Well-Being of Older Adults: A Systematic Analysis
Authors: Yan Xinyue , Geng Tao
Published: August 2024

As the global population ages, improving health statuses and quality of life has become crucial. Healing spaces enhance older adults’ (OA) physical and mental health and well-being. However, the current research status and development trends must be systematically reviewed to guide future research directions. This study systematically examines the role of healing spaces in improving the health and well-being of OA through a bibliometric analysis. Results reveal three developmental stages: slow start, steady development, and in-depth refinement. Highly cited articles emphasize physical and environmental factors. The main research foundations encompass physical, chemical, biological, and ecological aspects of healing spaces and OA mental health. The research frontier is shifting towards a more comprehensive understanding of OA needs. Keyword analysis indicates a transition from a single physical environment focus to a holistic approach considering psychological, social, and spiritual needs across various disciplines. The field is progressing toward interdisciplinary integration, personalized demand, and systematic development. Future research should prioritize OA spiritual needs, develop scientific evaluation systems for spiritual healing, optimize personalized treatment environments using innovative technologies, and address diverse health and well-being needs. Strengthening international cooperation and integrating global research efforts are also essential for advancing the field.
Outcome and Survival Analysis of Multicenter Lung Metastasectomy for Primary Liver Tumor with Pulmonary Metastasis
Authors: Chang Yu-Cheng , Chiang Xu-Heng , Tseng Yu-Ting , Kuo Shuenn-Wen , Huang Pei-Ming , Lin Mong-Wei , Hsu Hsao-Hsun , Chen Jin-Shing
Published: August 2024

Oligopulmonary metastases from primary liver tumors are typically treated surgically. We evaluated the clinical outcomes after lung metastasectomy in patients with pulmonary metastases from primary liver tumors. We retrospectively enrolled 147 consecutive patients with lung metastases from liver cancer who had undergone pulmonary metastasectomies at three medical centers between February 2007 and December 2020. All patients were pathologically confirmed to have lung metastases from liver cancer. Among the 147 patients, 110, 17, and 20 initially underwent surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, and transcatheter arterial embolization, respectively. The 5-year overall survival (OS) in the study cohort was 22%. Univariate analysis revealed four factors associated with better OS: surgical resection as the initial primary liver tumor treatment (p = 0.004), a disease-free interval exceeding 12 months after the initial liver surgery (p = 0.036), a lower Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)-Na score (≤20) for liver cirrhosis (p = 0.044), and the absence of local liver tumor recurrence at the time of pulmonary metastasectomy (p = 0.004). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that surgical resection as the initial primary liver tumor treatment and lower MELD-Na scores significantly correlated with better OS. Our findings can assist thoracic surgeons in selecting suitable patients for surgery and predicting surgical outcomes.
ZLN005, a PGC-1α Activator, Protects the Liver against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury and the Progression of Hepatic Metastases
Authors: Tohme Celine , Haykal Tony , Yang Ruiqi , Austin Taylor J. , Loughran Patricia , Geller David A. , Simmons Richard L. , Tohme Samer , Yazdani Hamza O.
Published: August 2024

Background: Exercise can promote sustainable protection against cold and warm liver ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) and tumor metastases. We have shown that this protection is by the induction of hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. In this study, we hypothesize that ZLN005, a PGC-1α activator, can be utilized as an alternative therapeutic strategy. Methods: Eight-week-old mice were pretreated with ZLN005 and subjected to liver warm IRI. To establish a liver metastatic model, MC38 cancer cells (1 × 106) were injected into the spleen, followed by splenectomy and liver IRI. Results: ZLN005-pretreated mice showed a significant decrease in IRI-induced tissue injury as measured by serum ALT/AST/LDH levels and tissue necrosis. ZLN005 pretreatment decreased ROS generation and cell apoptosis at the site of injury, with a significant decrease in serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, innate immune cells infiltration, and intrahepatic neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Moreover, mitochondrial mass was significantly upregulated in hepatocytes and maintained after IRI. This was confirmed in murine and human hepatocytes treated with ZLN005 in vitro under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Additionally, ZLN005 preconditioning significantly attenuated tumor burden and increased the percentage of intratumoral cytotoxic T cells. Conclusions: Our study highlights the effective protection of ZLN005 pretreatment as a therapeutic alternative in terms of acute liver injury and tumor metastases.
Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Insights into Cellular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways
Authors: Alqithami Sarah Mohammed , Machwe Amrita , Orren David K.
Published: August 2024

This review delves into the molecular complexities underpinning the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by cigarette smoke (CS) in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). The complex interplay of pathways, including those related to WNT//β-catenin, TGF-β/SMAD, hypoxia, oxidative stress, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB, plays a central role in mediating this transition. While these findings significantly broaden our understanding of CS-induced EMT, the research reviewed herein leans heavily on 2D cell cultures, highlighting a research gap. Furthermore, the review identifies a stark omission of genetic and epigenetic factors in recent studies. Despite these shortcomings, the findings furnish a consolidated foundation not only for the academic community but also for the broader scientific and industrial sectors, including large tobacco companies and manufacturers of related products, both highlighting areas of current understanding and identifying areas for deeper exploration. The synthesis herein aims to propel further research, hoping to unravel the complexities of the EMT in the context of CS exposure. This review not only expands our understanding of CS-induced EMT but also reveals critical limitations in current methodologies, primarily the reliance on 2D cell cultures, which may not adequately simulate more complex biological interactions. Additionally, it highlights a significant gap in the literature concerning the genetic and epigenetic factors involved in CS-induced EMT, suggesting an urgent need for comprehensive studies that incorporate these types of experiments.
Accelerated Orthodontics: A Descriptive Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 50 Cited Articles from 2012 to 2023
Authors: Alsulaiman Ahmed A. , Alsulaiman Osama A.
Published: August 2024

Background and Objectives: Accelerated orthodontics represents a significant shift in dental practice aimed at reducing treatment times while maintaining optimal patient outcomes. This bibliometric analysis evaluated the research landscape of accelerated orthodontics from 2012 to 2023, focusing on publication trends, citation patterns, influential journals, leading institutions, and key contributors. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search in Scopus identified 600 relevant articles, with the top 50 most-cited papers encompassing systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and experimental studies. Key techniques, such as corticotomy and piezocision, have been frequently highlighted for their effectiveness in expediting tooth movement. Results: The analysis revealed fluctuating annual scientific outputs, with notable peaks driven by technological advancements and increased patient demand for quicker orthodontic solutions. However, the production of high-impact papers was hindered by delays in citation accumulation and disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Keyword analysis identified critical themes, such as orthodontic tooth movement, malocclusion, and demographic factors, while a global collaboration map underscored extensive international research partnerships. Leading journals included the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, and prominent institutions such as the University of California at Los Angeles played significant roles in advancing the field. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of accelerated orthodontics, emphasizing the need for continued research, particularly RCTs, to further refine and validate accelerated orthodontic techniques and improve clinical outcomes.
A Safety-Centric Study on the Use of Inflatable Abdominal Binders for Managing Orthostatic Hypotension
Authors: Toma Milan , Jose Rejath , Syed Faiz , Devine Timothy
Published: August 2024

The study focuses on the design and evaluation of inflatable abdominal binders for managing Orthostatic Hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension is a condition characterized by a significant drop in blood pressure when a person stands up, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and even fainting. The management of orthostatic hypotension typically involves a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. In the context of this research, an inflatable abdominal binder was designed, leveraging components that are not only economically viable but also easily obtainable. The evaluation of this device was conducted using a medical education manikin, specifically the CAE iStan manikin. The results demonstrated a correlation between the inflation values of the belt and the resulting pressure values exerted on the body. The general recommendation for an abdominal binder is to exert a pressure of 20–40 mmHg. Contrary to this, the study found that to maintain safe external pressure on the abdomen, the binder should not be inflated over 25 mmHg. This safety threshold was used as a reference point in the study, suggesting a potential need to revisit the standard recommendations for abdominal binder pressure. Further research is needed to assess the device’s effectiveness in human subjects and to potentially redefine the safe and effective pressure range for abdominal binders.
A Comprehensive Assessment of Bedtime Routines and Strategies to Aid Sleep Onset in College Students: A Web-Based Survey
Authors: Meneo Debora , Curati Sara , Russo Paolo Maria , Martoni Monica , Gelfo Francesca , Baglioni Chiara
Published: August 2024

College students often experience sleep–wake alterations. Different factors can contribute to insomnia symptoms in this population. The present study aims at investigating pre-sleep behaviours and strategies used to aid sleep onset in young college students and their association with insomnia symptoms. A total of 548 Italian college students (mean age = 23.48 years, range = 19–30 years, 80.5% female) completed a web-based survey on pre-sleep behaviours and sleep-onset facilitators, insomnia symptoms and sleep hygiene, anxiety and depression, and coping strategies. The use of electronic devices at bedtime and as a sleep-onset facilitator was predominant. Students using specific behaviours as sleep-onset facilitators were characterised by more psychological difficulties and poorer sleep. In multivariable linear regression analysis, the frequency of using medications and melatonin, regardless of motivations, was associated with higher insomnia symptoms. The use of specific sleep-onset facilitators positively correlated with the severity of insomnia symptoms. Many students engage in behaviours that are considered sleep-interfering and that are often employed in an attempt to facilitate sleep onset without benefits. Overall, the motivational factors behind pre-sleep behaviours need to be addressed in preventive programs targeting young college students.
Alert and Flight Initiation Distances of the Coot in Response to Drones
Authors: Lu Zhenguang , Li Jiarong , Tian Zengrui , Wang Jiaojiao , Hou Jianhua
Published: August 2024

Alert and flight initiation distances are important elements of bird behavioral responses and indicators of their adaptation to external disturbances; therefore, they provide an important basis for bird conservation. With continual rapid advancements in drone technology, the use of drones in bird field surveys is becoming increasingly important. However, the disturbance impact of drones on birds remains controversial and needs further assessment. This study measured the distances at which coots (Fulica atra) tolerated drones in the Baiyangdian wetland, Northern China, over 42 days from August to November 2023 and at the end of July 2024. The results show the maximum alert distance (AD) and maximum flight initiation distance (FID) of the coot to be 44 m and 35 m, respectively. The coots showed no signs of disturbance when the drones flew at an altitude of 50 m. The AD of the coot showed a significant relationship with whether it saw the drones in advance, environmental conditions, and the drone’s behavior before it approached, whereas the FID was only significantly affected by whether the coot saw the drones in advance. The sight of drones in advance considerably increased the AD and FID.
Efficient UAV Exploration for Large-Scale 3D Environments Using Low-Memory Map
Authors: Huang Junlong , Fan Zhengping , Yan Zhewen , Duan Peiming , Mei Ruidong , Cheng Hui
Published: August 2024

Autonomous exploration of unknown environments is a challenging problem in robotic applications, especially in large-scale environments. As the size of the environment increases, the limited onboard resources of the robot hardly satisfy the memory overhead and computational requirements. As a result, it is challenging to respond quickly to the received sensor data, resulting in inefficient exploration planning. And it is difficult to comprehensively utilize the gathered environmental information for planning, leading to low-quality exploration paths. In this paper, a systematic framework tailored for unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed to autonomously explore large-scale unknown environments. To reduce memory consumption, a novel low-memory environmental representation is introduced that only maintains the information necessary for exploration. Moreover, a hierarchical exploration approach based on the proposed environmental representation is developed to allow for fast planning and efficient exploration. Extensive simulation tests demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over current state-of-the-art methods in terms of memory consumption, computation time, and exploration efficiency. Furthermore, two real-world experiments conducted in different large-scale environments also validate the feasibility of our autonomous exploration system.
Language Statistics at Different Spatial, Temporal, and Grammatical Scales
Authors: Sánchez-Puig Fernanda , Lozano-Aranda Rogelio , Pérez-Méndez Dante , Colman Ewan , Morales-Guzmán Alfredo J. , Rivera Torres Pedro Juan , Pineda Carlos , Gershenson Carlos
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, the field of statistical linguistics has made significant strides, which have been fueled by the availability of data. Leveraging Twitter data, this paper explores the English and Spanish languages, investigating their rank diversity across different scales: temporal intervals (ranging from 3 to 96 h), spatial radii (spanning 3 km to over 3000 km), and grammatical word ngrams (ranging from 1-grams to 5-grams). The analysis focuses on word ngrams, examining a time period of 1 year (2014) and eight different countries. Our findings highlight the relevance of all three scales with the most substantial changes observed at the grammatical level. Specifically, at the monogram level, rank diversity curves exhibit remarkable similarity across languages, countries, and temporal or spatial scales. However, as the grammatical scale expands, variations in rank diversity become more pronounced and influenced by temporal, spatial, linguistic, and national factors. Additionally, we investigate the statistical characteristics of Twitter-specific tokens, including emojis, hashtags, and user mentions, revealing a sigmoid pattern in their rank diversity function. These insights contribute to quantifying universal language statistics while also identifying potential sources of variation.
Entropy Production and Filling Time in Hydrogen Refueling Stations: An Economic Assessment
Authors: Santoro Bruno F. , Rincón David , Mendoza Diego F.
Published: August 2024

A multi-objective optimization is performed to obtain fueling conditions in hydrogen stations leading to improved filling times and thermodynamic efficiency (entropy production) of the de facto standard of operation, which is defined by the protocol SAE J2601. After finding the Pareto frontier between filling time and total entropy production, it was found that SAE J2601 is suboptimal in terms of these process variables. Specifically, reductions of filling time from 47 to 77% are possible in the analyzed range of ambient temperatures (from 10 to 40 °C) with higher saving potential the hotter the weather conditions. Maximum entropy production savings with respect to SAE J2601 (7% for 10 °C, 1% for 40 °C) demand a longer filling time that increases with ambient temperature (264% for 10 °C, 350% for 40 °C). Considering average electricity prices in California, USA, the operating cost of the filling process can be reduced between 8 and 28% without increasing the expected filling time.