bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MINERALOGIA E ASPECTOS GEOQUÍMICOS DOS LATERITOS FOSFÁTICOS DA ILHA PEDRA GRANDE DO GURUPI (PA)
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Centro de Geociências, Departamento de Geoquímica e Petrologia Curso de Geologia, Souza Valmir
Published: July 2022

The Pedra Grande Island located at the mouth of the Gurupi River, is equivalent to a small plateau, which is currently partially drowned by the sea, where the impacts of the waves have already left longitudinal fractures and caves on the island. The island is entirely made up of lateritic rock, represented by the ferruginous lateritic crust, exhibiting a dominantly brownish red coloration. Texturally it consists of nodules, pisoliths and pseudo-fragments, which are surrounded by a whitish cream cement, giving the rock a general brechoid appearance, in addition to columnar and cavernous features. Two mineralogical associations are individualized in these laterites: a group formed by iron and calcium phosphates, widely developed in the ferruginous lateritic crust, together with iron oxy-hydroxides; and another formed by the aluminous phosphates, which constitute the whitish cream phosphate cement. The quantification of major, minor and trace elements revealed high contents of Fe2O3, P205 and A1203, and low of SiO2. In terms of traces, Mn and Zn display low contents, associated with ferruginous lateritic crust. On the other hand, rare earth elements are more concentrated in phosphate cement, mainly in Ce, Nd and La. The Ilha de Pedra Grande do Gurupi exhibits some mineralogical and chemical similarities with other occurrences of lateritic phosphates in the region, located on the continent. This correlation reveals that in the recent geological past, the ocean coastline presented a very different morphology from the current one. The geochemical and mineralogical analyzes of the Pedra Grande laterites allow us to suppose that this lateritic profile developed under a tropical climate and semi-flat topography, enriching itself in phosphorus from a phosfor-bearing parent rock, which could have the following characteristics: a clayey rock, with of shales, carbonates and phosphorites, or even a low-grade metamorphic rock, composed of schists and phyllonites containing phosphorite levels. Keywords: ferruginous crust; breccia like rocks; duphrenite; mitridatite; crandallite.
MODERN CHALLENGES OF AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATIONS IN UKRAINE: AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND HORTICULTURE
Authors:   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Professor, Sumy National Agricultural University, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The monograph contains the results of research conducted by scientists of Sumy National Agrarian University, Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Agroforestry and Land Reclamation named after GM Vysotsky, Henan Institute of Science and Technology in the framework of the state research "Study of the state of green plantations of populated cities of the North-Eastern part of the Forest-Steppe in order to establish ways to optimize the natural environment "(state registration number 0109U000346);". The monograph is devoted to the theoretical and practical foundations of modern challenges of agrarian transformation in Ukraine: agriculture, forestry and horticulture, which are formed by integration and globalization challenges. The influence of environmental determinants on the level of sustainable agricultural sector in the short and long term is determined; cost-effective methods of growing planting material of forest and ornamental species of the nursery; improvement of existing and development of new technologies for growing planting material of fruit and ornamental crops. For researchers, teachers, graduate students and students, business leaders and governing bodies of different levels, entrepreneurs, and anyone interested in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture sphere.
Intensive Care Unit Nursesâ€™ Perceptions of the Necessity for ICU Outreach Services in Malaysia
Authors: Ludin Salizar Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Objective: International studies show that ICU outreach services help to improve patients' condition and reduce both the length of hospital stays and mortality rates. However, Malaysian nursesâ€™ perceptions of ICU outreach services and their implementation have previously remained uninvestigated. This study thus aims to uncover Malaysian nursesâ€™ perceptions of implementing Intensive Care Unit (ICU) outreach services. Method: An exploratory mixed method was used, focusing on 47 Malaysian hospital ICU nurses, using surveys and interviews over a 2-month period in 2015. All those who met the inclusion criteria were purposively recruited into the study. Results: A total of 47 respondents completed the questionnaires. The mean years of employment was 9.72 and mean age was 33.6 years. Only seven respondents had undertaken an intensive care course and had knowledge of ICU outreach services. Years of employment and highest education level were not significantly related to awareness of ICU outreach services. Major themes emerging from the interviews included ICU outreach service benefits, ICU readmission events, and nursesâ€™ readiness for ICU outreach services. Interview data supported the survey results consistently. Conclusion: Nurses are aware of the advantages of ICU outreach services for both nurses and patients, despite the fact that there is no official implementation of such services in Malaysia. Their appreciation of the importance of ICU outreach services, and enthusiasm to participate in a new program to improve ICU survivorsâ€™ condition and care in general wards, indicates the potential for better care in the future.
Nursing Students and Clinical Instructorsâ€™ Perceptions of Clinical Learning Environments, Supervision, and Teaching (CLES-T)
Authors: Ahmad Norfadzilah
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan nursing students, clinical nurse instructors, and staff nurses of the support offered to student nurses during learning in a clinical setting. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on undergraduate nursing students (n=118), and clinical instructors (n=8) at the faculty or Kulliyyah of Nursing, IIUM, using the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher (CLES-T) survey. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the sociodemographic data, and further statistical tests were conducted with regard to their levels of perception. Results: Overall, the participants perceived the clinical learning environment to be good. There was no difference in perception between nursing students and the clinical nurse instructors (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of gender and levels of perception (p>0.05). This study did find a significant relationship between level of study and area of posting for students and perception levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the majority of the students had positive perceptions of the clinical learning environment, supervision, and nurse teachers. The school provided sufficient support within the clinical learning environment in term of supervision and nurse teachers. These results will help the nursing school in terms of upgrading the clinical learning environment and encouraging collaboration with hospital management to provide a good clinical learning experience for students.
The Determination of Acanthamoeba spp. from Air Ventilation System Samples from Selected Buildings in Kuantan
Authors: Md. Isa Muhammad Lokman
Published: July 2022

Objective: The present study is designed to investigate the occurrence of Acanthamoeba in air ventilation and air-conditioning systems in selected buildings in Kuantan. Methods: Acanthamoeba was isolated from dust samples taken from filters of air ventilation systems in selected buildings in Kuantan. The dusts were collected by using sterile cotton swabs, cultured in a xenic culture medium on non-nutrient agar (NNA) plates and incubated at 37Âº C. The plates were examined daily for any presence of Acanthamoeba cysts up to 7 days of incubation. Results: Based on the results obtained, there were no cysts or trophozoites of Acanthamoeba successfully isolated from all 75 dust samples. After three days of incubation, all culture plates examined show negative findings. Conclusions: The negative findings of this study were probably due to the limitations of the sampling method. It is recommended that future studies use the method proposed by National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for indoor air quality monitoring.
Responding to Patient Deterioration: A Medical Records Analysis
Authors: Ludin Salizar Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Objective: This paper reports the medical record analysis findings to identify nurses, and junior doctors risk assessment and response to the incidence of deteriorating patient in general ward. Methods: A medical records analysis was conducted at a medical ward in one Malaysian hospital. Patients that were admitted for more than 24 hours and scored at least 3 points on the Modified Early Warning Sign (MEWS) assessment with their last 24 hours parameters calculated and nurses and junior doctorâ€™s responses were analysed retrospectively. Results: Out of 200 records obtained, only 10 patientsâ€™ medical records met the study inclusion criteria. Three main themes were evident in the study, namely â€˜track and triggerâ€™, â€˜hierarchical interveningâ€™ and â€˜attitudeâ€™. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that some nurses and junior doctors experience difficulties in effectively responding to patient deterioration which often occurs at a critical juncture. This study highlights factors which need to be addressed to increase patient safety and improve medical outcomes during hospitalisation.
Ethical Considerations in Qualitative Study
Authors: Mohd Arifin Siti Roshaidai
Published: July 2022

The protection of human subjects through the application of appropriate ethical principles is important in all research study. In a qualitative study, ethical considerations have a particular resonance due to the in-depth nature of the study process. The existing ethical guidance for undertaking qualitative research often provide general guidelines rather than focusing on how to apply it in practice, particularly when interviewing a vulnerable group of women. The aim of this paper is to present my own experience of conducting 33 individual face to face interviews on the womenâ€™s experience of postnatal depression across three different cultural backgrounds in Malaysia. This paper reflects on the strategies that can be adopted by a qualitative researcher to ensure that their participantsâ€™ identity is protected throughout recruitment and dissemination process, to deal with participants from different cultural backgrounds, and to handle and manage distress during an interview. The consideration of ethical issues is crucial throughout all stages of the qualitative study to keep the balance between the potential risks of research and the likely benefits of the research.
Researchers Journey in Conducting Interview on breastfeeding Experience Among Malay Mothers
Authors: Muda Siti Mariam
Published: July 2022

In Malaysia, breastfeeding was dominantly practised among Malay whose deeply believe in Islam and any decision should abide by Islamic teachings. Existing literature appear to have limited evidence on Malay mothersâ€™ interpretation and construction of this practice. The decision to breastfeed was believed to be influenced by social and cultural context. Therefore, in order to explore life experience of breastfeeding mothers on their beliefs related to religious and sociocultural, the qualitative study design was used. A minimal guidance of the phenomenological approach adopted as the methodological framework. Semi-structured interviews were carried out among  15 mothers whose were recruited from four Maternal and Child Health Clinic in Kuantan using purposive sampling. The experience of researchers thorough out their journey will be shared in terms of challenges; barriers and solution to overcome the concerned that exist while conducting in-depth interview session.
Childrenâ€™s Experiences in Health Care Decisions: An Overview
Authors: Pien Lee Siew
Published: July 2022

This article attempts to provide an overview of issues related to childrenâ€™s participation in decisions relating to health care. It sets the discussion in the context of current debate about childrenâ€™s participation in health care decisions and explores the extent to which children want to participate in the decision. This article concludes that children mostly occupy a minimal role in communication and decisions regarding their care. The patterns of participation of children in communication and decisions are different and fluctuate between the children and within the same child throughout their hospitalisation, depending on the participating child, their preferences, and requirements at a particular time.
Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Wound Healing in Patient with Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Mini Re- view
Authors: Jamaludin Thandar Soe Sumaiyah
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease in which the body has difficulty producing insulin which leads to high blood glucose levels. Consequently, people suffering from DM can have damage organs, blood vessels, and nerves which resulting in getting diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Other therapeutic interventions are offered if the DFU does not heal with normal standard wound care. One of which is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) that will increase the oxygen supply to wounds. However, the effectiveness of this therapy is not clearly known until the present. Thus, the review of this paper aimed to report on the results of the analysis of research that focuses on the effect HBOT on diabetic foot ulcer healing. Relevant literature was searched in Google Scholar and PubMed used keywords â€œhyperbaric oxygen therapy" "diabetic foot ulcer" "wound healing", and â€œchronic ulcerâ€. Five articles that met the inclusion criteria based on the results of the analysis. Although there was some indication of a beneficial effect of the wound healing process, it is currently unknown which patients are likely to benefit from HBOT and which patients are not.
Usefulness of Alvarado Score for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Hospitals of Poor Resources
Authors: Al-Shibli Saad M.
Published: July 2022

Background: The delay in diagnosing appendicitis is associated with a significant increase in mortality and morbidity among patients due to complications such as perforation, peritonitis and septicaemia. Therefore, Alvarado score is one of the tools used to diagnose appendicitis and reduce the probability of delayed diagnosis based on clinical and laboratory indicators. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the precision of Alvarado score in diagnosing appendicitis among suspected patients in an al-Wihda teaching hospital, Thamar University, Yemen. Methods: a total of od 106 participants suspected of having appendicitis due to the clinical presentation were included in the study. Alvarado score was determined in each of the participants upon tier arrival to the emergency department of the hospital. Based on the follow-up, histological examination and the intraoperative observation the diagnosis was confirmed or excluded. The accuracy of the score was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios. Results: The cut point of Alvarado score 8 was used in diagnosing appendicitis with 87% and 93% sensitivity and specificity respectively. The positive the likelihood ratio was 12 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.14. Conclusion: Alvarado score is a promising criterion-based tool that would vitally help in early detection of appendicitis among patients. More efforts are required to improve the precision of test and minimize the number of cases mistakenly diagnosed with appendicitis in hospitals with limited resources.
Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Perceptions Towards Educational Environment: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wati Pardi Kasmah
Published: July 2022

Objective: Educational environment is an essential key factor of students’ academic success. A positive educational environment leads to successes, whereas a negative one would inhibit their accomplishments. However, there is still no consensus on the score of educational environments reported in the previous studies. This study aimed to determine the perceptions of the undergraduate nursing students towards their educational environment in Universiti Sains Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 2016 and February 2017. The total of 118 undergraduate nursing students from Year 1 to Year 4 of academic session 2016/2017 were participated in this study. Stratified random sampling method was used to obtain the samples according to their year of study. A self-administered questionnaire, Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) instrument was employed and the results were analysed using IBM SPSS for Window version 22.0. Results: Out of 118 participants, 94% were females and the average age was 21.46 years (SD = 1.4). The score of DREEM obtained was 178.00/200 (M = 133.49, SD = 19.90) which corresponds to an excellent environment. The participants identified the strength of the educational environment in item 2 (The teachers are knowledgeable, M = 3.50, SD = 0.64). At the same time, the participants also identified a few items as problematic areas. Conclusion: Perceptions towards educational environment in this study were excellent. It indicated that the faculty has fulfilled their expectations of the educational environment. Despite the fact that no educational environment is perfect, efforts to further improve the educational environment should be conducted continuously for the students’ academic success. It is recommended that future studies to include nursing programs from other universities and utilise a qualitative approach to provide an in-depth data on educational environment.
A Review on Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis: Ongoing Challenges for Musculoskeletal Care
Authors: Nik Mohd Hatta Nik Noor Kaussar , Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil
Published: July 2022

Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are two different musculoskeletal conditions which requires everyone attention. Physically inactive and increasingly obese requires a change from treating musculoskeletal conditions to a preventive approach towards promoting lifelong musculoskeletal health among older people. Accumulating data suggest that both osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are associated with an increased risk of pain, social disturbance and reduced quality of life. This review explores the management of these musculoskeletal conditions and its challenges in providing care for people living with osteoarthritis or osteoporosis. Prevention strategies and promotion of lifelong good musculoskeletal health are challenging within the society.
A Feasibility Study of the ESCAPE-pain Programme for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in the Malaysian Context: Preparation of A Protocol
Authors: Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Stanmore Emma , Todd Chris
Published: July 2022

Background: In Malaysia, around one in ten older people are diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA), with the knee being one of the most commonly affected areas. This can lead to functional limitations, impaired activities of daily living and reduced quality-of-life. Thus, a systematic review of the literature concludes that a programme integrating exercise, education and active coping strategies, known as Enabling Self- management and Coping with Arthritic Pain using Exercise (ESCAPE-pain) provides the best evidence for patients with knee OA. Objective: Through Thus, this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial to explore the implementation of the ESCAPE-pain programme among patients with knee OA in the Malaysian healthcare context guided by the UK Medical Research Council Framework (2000). Methods: This is a pragmatic, feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) recruiting patients (n=72) with knee osteoarthritis from two hospitals in Malaysia. Participants were randomised to receive ESCAPE-pain intervention plus usual care (n=36) (intervention group) or usual care only (n=36) (control group). The ESCAPE-pain programme was delivered twice weekly for six weeks by a certified trainer. Outcomes were measured for physical function (TUG), knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS), mental wellbeing (Short-WEMWBS), exercise health beliefs and self-efficacy and fear of falling (Short-FES-I) at baseline, six-week and after 12-week of intervention. Results: This is the first study to evaluate the implementation in the Malaysian healthcare context. Conclusion: The findings are hoped to facilitate the practicality of the design of a definitive randomised controlled trial, to support people living with knee osteoarthritis in Malaysia.
Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives on The Provision of Sexual and Reproductive Health to Young People in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Hamid Siti Hazariah , Fallon Debbie
Published: July 2022

Objective: In Malaysia, sexual health issues among young people encompassing premarital sex, the incidence of STI including HIV/AIDS, unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion and the practice of baby abandonment.  Little is known about the provision of sexual health care for young people since it has not been examined in-depth in a Malaysian context. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare professionals who deliver sexual health services provision to young people within primary healthcare settings which included schools as part of an outreach programme. Methods: This qualitative study used a self-developed topic guide for in-depth interview with twenty-four healthcare professionals of several government health clinics in Malaysia. The aim was to understand healthcare professionals’ experiences of dealing with young people and their views on current sexual health services provision. The interview data were entered into Nvivo and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings show that healthcare professionals regarded the use of the Adolescent Health Screening Form as a cornerstone for all initial interactions between and young people in health clinics. The findings also highlight the problem with an appointment system that includes lack of consultation times, privacy issues and the requirement of parental consent when dealing with unmarried young people. Conclusion: This study had recognized several facility-based obstacles that restricted sexual health services to young people in Malaysia. Their access to and the utilization of sexual health services are dependent on health care system improvement.
A Review on Knowledge of Diabetes and Practice of Medication Adherence Among People Living With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nurumal Mohd Said , Sumaiyah Jamaludin Thandar Soe , Mohammad Nurfatihah Masrurah , Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Win Kyu Kyu
Published: July 2022

Introduction:  The prevalence of diabetes among adults is increasing globally in the 21st century. However, the knowledge of diabetes and practice of medication adherence among people living with diabetes mellitus are still questionable. Aims:  This literature review aimed to look for the literature that related to the level of knowledge about diabetes and its correlation with medication adherence among people living with diabetes mellitus. Methods: The studies included in this review were identified through a search of Proquest, ClinicalKey for Nursing, CINAHL and Ovid databases.  The published articles from year 2010 onwards are included in this study. Results: A total of 18 articles were analysed in this review. It was found that having good or poor knowledge of diabetes does not guarantee their health-seeking practice of medication adherence. It was also reported that some of the factors that have been found to predict the level of knowledge and their practices include their sociodemographic characteristic. Conclusion: Therefore, the findings of this review giving alarm about future interventions and study in this particular area.
The Existence of Advocacy among Nurses Within Nursing Documentation in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Vincent Balang Rekaya , Burton Rob , Barlow Nichola
Published: July 2022

Nursing documentation is vital to nursing care in hospitals. Literature suggests nursing documentation that contains evidence nursing care which has been planned and implemented have a significant relationship with nurses’ practice, particularly regarding the existence of advocacy. Despite the significance of nursing documentation in nursing practice, no study has been conducted and published on this crucial aspect of nursing practice, particularly in Malaysia. Hence, a qualitative design is utilised to explore how nurses in Malaysia demonstrate the element of advocacy in the context of their nursing documentation. A total of forty semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses involved in completing the nursing documentation. Thematic analysis was used to identify categories and themes in nurses’ perceptions about the existence of advocacy in their documentation. Findings highlight that the nurses could comprehend and acknowledge the existence of advocacy within their documentation. These findings are likely to suggest to highlight the advocative roles of nursing documentation in nursing practice, besides the significance of education to improve advocacy among nurses in Malaysia.
COVID-19 and Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis in the Community
Authors: Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil
Published: July 2022

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A Narrative Review on Modern Wound Dressing for Diabetes Mellitus Wound
Authors: Jamaludin Thandar Soe Sumaiyah , Nurumal Mohd Said , Saidi Sanisah , Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Mohammad Said Nurezzatul Faseha , Samsudin Nor Hafizah , Chong Mei Chan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Diabetic foot is a wide-ranging term for foot disorders includes infection, ulceration, or destruction of deep tissue due to peripheral neuropathy and ischemia from peripheral vascular disease. Wound dressings play a significant part in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Modern wound dressing which is commonly known as the moist wound dressing can be better optional than the conservative one for the DFU. Aim: This study aimed to review the available articles on modern wound dressing for diabetes mellitus wound. Method: A total of six articles were reviewed and explained under the findings and discussion part of this study. The published articles from the year 2008 onwards are included in this narrative review.  Result: Overall, it is evident that using of modern wound dressing can make sure excellent wound surroundings, avoid complications, improvement of quality of life of patients and aid the healing of DFU providing that the patient’s glycemic level is controlled. Conclusion: The process of wound healing in DFU is not static and it requires an appropriate environment at each stage of the healing process. And also a reasonable approach to the selection of dressing for certain types of wounds should be clarified. However, further study needs to be carried out to prove the current finding.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Sexual Health among Students of Centre for Foundation Studies
Authors: Othman Noratikah , Abdul Aziz Norsyuhadah , Jamaludin Thandar Soe Sumaiyah
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Sexual health is not merely just avoiding infectious disease or unwanted pregnancy, but it isbroader issue that required serious attention. People with sexually transmitted infection or unwantedpregnancy also have the chances to be sexually healthy. In order to be sexually healthy, ones must recognizethe sexual rights that we share, having the access to get the sexual health education, and able tocommunicate with the healthcare providers regarding the issues of sexual health and empowered toprevent sexually transmitted disease and unwanted pregnancy. Aims: This study aims to determine thelevel of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on sexual health among the students of centre for foundationstudies (CFS). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 participants by using a closeended question. Result: The results showed that, there were high level of knowledge on sexual healthamong CFS students with excellent understandings on non-permissible premarital sexual intercoursedisplayed by their non-experience confessions. Conclusion: This study findings can be used for future todevelop intervention in order to decrease the sexual health problems by enlightening the students on properknowledge, attitude and practice on sexual health.
Working As Male Nurses In Brunei: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bujang Amal Rashidah , Ali Mursidi , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2022

Objective: To explore the views and experiences of male nurses in nursing as a profession in Brunei Darussalam. The objectives of the study were to explore the perception of male nurses in Brunei about the nursing profession, to examine motivation to become nurses and to explore the challenges that they have encountered in the profession. Background: More men are now choosing the profession, given the growth of health care needs. Evidence suggests that there are obstacles and barriers to men's career choices of being nurses. Design: A descriptive qualitative study using content analysis. Methods: A descriptive, qualitative approach was used to gain valuable insight into male nurses' views on nursing as a career. Using purposive sampling, a total of 11 male nurses from two state hospitals in Brunei were individually interviewed. Participants were interviewed for between 45-60 minutes and were audio-recorded with prior consent. Recorded interviews were transcribed, coded manually and subsequently thematically analysed. Results: The analysis revealed three broad themes, namely 'making the career choice', 'working as male nurses' and 'being in the profession'.  The first theme indicates the nurses' initial perception of the profession. The second one describes the nurses' experiences once they enter the profession. The final theme illustrates how nurses perceived the challenges of being in the profession. Conclusion: The evidence in the current study suggests although men's entry into nursing is slow and gender disparity continues to affect the profession, the results in this study indicate that, for male nurses, the motivational factors outnumber the barriers to entry. Overall, male nurses reported being positive with their career choice.
Ethical Reflections of Patient Adherence to Treatment Plans
Authors: Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2022

The emerging debate on patient adherence in the clinical literature and recent attempts in medical ethics to provide lists of patient obligations indicate dissatisfaction and an implicit desire to push the moral pendulum of the patient’s responsibility back to the middle. Some ethicists believe that in healthcare, patient accountability means that patients have certain responsibilities, such as the obligation to comply with the treatment. Nonetheless, several oppose this idea, arguing that not all patients are able to accept these obligations and that those duties are not absolute.
Knowledge and Practices of Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
Authors: Osman Maisarah , Mohd Zain Norhasmah
Published: July 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Healthy lifestyle practices can prevent cardiovascular complications among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, but most studies showed that many people ignore these preventive measures. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and practices of cardiovascular disease prevention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM).  Methods: The study involved 54 respondents through systematic random sampling. The self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from February 2020 to March 2020. Findings: The mean age of the respondents was 54.50 ± 15.04 years. The findings revealed that 50% of the respondents had good knowledge while the other 50% had poor knowledge. Half (51.90%) of the respondents had poor practice regarding cardiovascular disease prevention. Factors significantly associated with the level of cardiovascular disease prevention practice were ethnic (p<0.05) and monthly household income (p<0.03). Conclusion: The knowledge of cardiovascular disease among the respondents was average but the practices of a healthy lifestyle to prevent the disease were still inadequate. The study emphasizes the need for more effective educational programs about cardiovascular disease and the recommended healthy lifestyle practices precisely for diabetic patients to keep the complication at bay thus achieving a better quality of life.
Attendance to Eye Screening from The Eye of Healthcare Professionals: A Qualitative Finding
Authors: Mat Isa Rif’atunnailah , Saidi Sanisah , Salam Adzura , Jamaludin Thandar Soe Sumaiyah
Published: July 2022

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is on a rising trend globally. In the third National and Health Morbidity Survey 2012, the number of patients who underwent proper eye screening is still far from satisfactory and the study regarding this aspect in the Malaysian setting is secluded. This study explored the current management of eye screening for diabetic patients within the Ministry of Health (MOH) setting and how it influences the attendance of patients for routine eye screening. Method: This descriptive qualitative study used in-depth semi-structured with ten health care provider who involved in diabetic eye screening and document analysis process. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed using Atlas-Ti. An iterative process of thematic analysis was used. Results: The factors that influence the attendance to eye screening were health care providers confidence in performing eye screening, the effectiveness of the green card system, interactive health educational session and continuous support from family members. Lack of information received by the patients on the importance of eye screening and communication issues seems to be prominent and become the reasons for patients’ poor attendance to eye screening. Having a structured programme which emphasises on the importance of eye screening could be able to empower the patients and facilitate better communication strategy between patients and healthcare professionals. This simultaneously would increase the interest of the patient to follow the schedule of eye screening to achieve better health outcomes. Conclusion: The establishment of diabetic retinopathy–focused education materials that target multiracial and low literacy audiences, observation during data collection through more natural methods and inclusion of comorbidity aspects in future research should be considered.
The impact of Mental Health of Older People (MHOP) Training Module for Community Health Workers: A preliminary study
Authors: Syed Elias Sharifah Munirah
Published: July 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to determine if the mental health of older people (MHOP) training module is effective in improving knowledge among community health workers.

Materials and Methods: One-group of pretest-posttest design was employed among 36 community health workers. The training was conducted in an elderly activity center in Malaysia. A set of questionnaires was used for data collection that consisted of two parts: a sociodemographic background and knowledge level. A statistical software (IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0) was used for the data analysis.

Results: The within-group analysis revealed that there was a significant mean difference between the pre-test and post-test (p=0.00).

Conclusion: The MHOP training module could be an effective way to improve the knowledge level in mental health of older people among community health workers in Malaysia. The training has the potential for engaging community health workers in a delivery task related to mental health care.
Mental Health and Well-Being of Undergraduate Dental Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abu Bakar Noraini , Lim Shea Lee , Basri Nadzirah Ahmad , Mohamed Ludin Salizar
Published: July 2022

Mental well-being is the very foundation for emotions, cognition and communication. Mental well-being and mental illness are correlated entities and thus mental well-being should be addressed holistically. Psychological stress, especially chronic stress, can impact one’s health and mental well-being. Dentistry in particular is often said to be highly stressful. This paper aimed to discuss the available literature on mental well-being amongst dental undergraduate students including the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, sources of stress, coping strategies and intervention programs. Evidence from this review showed that dental students often had high levels of stress, and also a high prevalence of depression and anxiety which contributed to lower mental well-being in this population.  The main sources of stress were mostly academic and clinical factors. Dental students had different coping mechanisms. Social support was found to be a significant factor when coping with stress. Initiatives to bring about improvement of mental well-being and to help students manage stress also showed promising results. Although many studies examined mental health among dental students, most of the studies are cross-sectional in design and were mainly focused on assessing students according to the symptoms they display, e.g. depressed or non-depressed, with very few studies giving focus on the mental well-being of the students. Very little attention was given to students who are 'well' but at risk of developing poor mental well-being. Thus, it is recommended that further research focuses on mental well-being and early intervention measures so as to prevent possible mental health deteriorations.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Nursing School Students – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jainlabdin Mohd Hanif , Mohd Zainuddin Nadilla Daleena , Mohamed Ghazali Siti Afiqah
Published: July 2022

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern due to the overuse of antibiotics. The impact of the COVID-19 on the antibiotics used to treat bacterial co-infection during hospitalisation led to the emergence of resistant bacteria. In the light of patient care, nursing students should have good knowledge, attitude and practice in educating the patient on the menace of antibiotic resistance. Objectives: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance during the COVID-19 pandemic among the International Islamic University Malaysia nursing students and determine the relationship between the demographic characteristics and level of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 206 nursing students were involved in this study. Convenience sampling was applied, and the study was conducted through an online questionnaire. The data were analysed by using the Chi-square test. Results: Nursing students of the International Islamic University Malaysia have good knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. There was a significant association between the Infection Prevention and Control program and the nursing students' knowledge and practice, with a p-value ? of 0.05. Meanwhile, for the other demographic variables (such as gender, pre-university nursing course and clinical posting experience), there is no significant association (p ? 0.05) with knowledge, attitude and practice among the nursing students. Conclusions: The Infection Prevention and Control program shows a significant association with the knowledge and practice, which implies that nursing students who have participated in this program possessed a better understanding and practice of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance.
Caring experiences of male nursing students: A qualitative study
Authors: Layak Hamyzan , Idris Deeni Rudita , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2022

Background: Caring, nursing, and the female gender role are all strongly linked. However, the number of male nurses is expanding globally. This occurrence calls into question the caring experiences of men in the nursing context. Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore views of caring in nursing among male nursing students in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: An exploratory, qualitative design was used to analyse the students' insights on the meaning of caring.  Eighteen students who fit the inclusion criteria were invited using a purposive sampling method. There was two individual interviews (n=2) and four focus groups discussion (n=4), and it was audio-recorded with the consent of the students.  These interviews were coded and thematically analysed. Results:  Three themes have emerged from the data analysis:  (1) Caring is about giving holistic care (2) Perceived challenges of exhibiting caring (3) Overcoming the challenges of exhibiting caring. Conclusion: The findings show that caring in the context of holistic care is consistent with earlier research. The study has strengthened our understanding of the profession's view of male student nurses. However, more research into the impact of male students' roles and images on nursing practice could better understand their challenges.
Preventing Harms for Exercise Intervention Among Older Adults in the Community
Authors: Che Hasan Muhammad Kamil , Firdaus Mohd Khairul Zul Hasymi
Published: July 2022

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Knowledge, Attitude and Awareness of Basic Life Support Among Health Sciences University Students
Authors: Zainul Azlan Nurhazirah , Mohd Noor Nik Hartini , Othman Noratikah
Published: July 2022

Objective: Basic life support (BLS) refers to the skills that require no or few equipment to save cardiac or respiratory arrest patients and it is a skill that required by all healthcare providers including medical-based students in order to save the life-threatening victims. This study determined the level of knowledge, attitude and awareness of BLS among students at International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan campus. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study with convenience sampling study was conducted among 167 students at IIUM Kuantan Campus, from November to December 2020. Data were gathered by using Google Forms which available in English Language and distributed to year 3, 4 and 5 students. The questionnaire was adapted from three sets questionnaires, which two sets questionnaires were from American Heart Association in 2015, and another set questionnaire from European Resuscitation Council (ERC) 2010 Resuscitation Guidelines. Results: The majority of the respondents have high awareness and positive attitude towards BLS but having below average score for knowledge on BLS. There is a significantly association between courses and previous exposure of BLS training with BLS knowledge (p<0.05). Age, courses and previous exposure of BLS training are significantly associated with awareness level of BLS (p<0.05). A significant association also observed between previous exposure of BLS training with positive attitude towards BLS training (p<0.05). Conclusion: Health sciences university students was concluded to having positive attitude and high awareness towards BLS training despite having below average level of BLS knowledge score. Therefore, the university may provide more BLS educational programs and even practical to the students to promote their knowledge and improve their skills on BLS.
Malnutrition Risk Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Attending the Nephrology Clinic in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang
Authors: Sowtali Siti Noorkhairina , Mohd Rasani Ali Aminuddin , Mohd. Yusoff Dariah , Mohd. Shah Azarisman Shah , Draman Che Rosle , Harith Sakinah , Zainol Nurul Alia Jasmin , Mohd. Zuki Nurul Atikah , Md. Nawi Nur Izzati
Published: July 2022

Objective: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease among adult in Malaysia has been increasing and it is forecasted that the pattern will remain. The risk for malnutrition is prominent especially in the later stage of chronic kidney disease. Early detection of malnutrition is important to prevent further complications. However, limited studies on malnutrition risk has been conducted in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factor of malnutrition among chronic kidney disease patient attending Nephrology Clinic in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 70 chronic kidney disease patients using convenience sampling. All patients were explained about the study and informed consent obtained prior the administration of questionnaire. There were three parts of questionnaire to be answered which were on sociodemographic, clinical characteristic and dietary information along with Malnutrition Risk Screening Tool-Hospital to measure the risk for malnutrition. Results: Most of the participants were married (75.7%), had completed primary school (58.6%), currently not working (32.9%), had income between RM 1000 to RM 1999 (37.1%) and living with three or four members in a household (24.3%). Majority had at least one precipitating disease that causes chronic kidney disease such as hypertension (71.4%) followed by diabetes (61.4%) and high cholesterol (30.0%). Almost 21.4% of chronic kidney disease patients screened were at risk for malnutrition. Further inferential analysis shows an association between weight loss (p=0.001) towards risk for malnutrition. Conclusion: Overall, the risk for malnutrition among chronic kidney disease patient was fairly high. This warrant close attention of the healthcare professional that caring for the patients particularly in detection of detrimental weight loss during each follow up visit. A referral to the dietician is important to ensure the patients received adequate counselling and education on dietary management.
Community Nurses' Perception of Factors Influencing Knowledge and Understanding of Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
Authors: Julaini Nurul Nazurah , Sanif Hamidun , Zolkefli Yusrita
Published: July 2022

Background: Nurses play a significant role in health care and have the most direct contact with patients, making them the most likely to encounter ethical questions regularly. Therefore, their knowledge and understanding of the code of ethics and professional conduct are essential. In Brunei Darussalam, these codes were developed in 2010 by the Nursing Board for Brunei, Ministry of Health. However, factors influencing nurses' knowledge and understanding of these codes have not yet been studied.  Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine community nurses' perception of factors influencing knowledge and understanding of the codes. Methods: A qualitative research approach was used as the study design. The data were collected through individual and group semi-structured interviews and analysed using the qualitative thematic analysis method. This study was conducted on community nurses who hold managerial responsibility in four health centres in Brunei. Findings: Three factors were identified to influence Bruneian nurses' knowledge and understanding of the codes. These factors were "a lack of reinforcement", "nurses' attitude", and "work environment". Conclusion: The knowledge of the codes by community nurses is deemed to be adequate. The findings, however, highlight the need for nurses to have an enhanced understanding of the codes.