bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Terpenes in Cell-Free Extracts from Tulip and ‘Wedgwood’ Iris1
Authors: Staby George L. , De Hertogh A. A. , Amedeo Alpi
Published: August 2022

Cell-free extracts which incorporated mevalonate-2-14C into terpenes were obtained from Tulipa gesneriana L. cv. Ralph and Iris hollandica Hoog cv. Wedgwood. The richest source of the enzyme system was the shoot, specifically the stamens, from tulip and the shoot from iris. Scale and root tissue of iris and scales of tulip were also active but to a lesser extent. Time-course studies with tulips showed that the system could be extracted as long as the flower was not aborted and at any time prior to placing the plants in the greenhouse (light). Similar studies with iris indicated that an active system could be obtained from the onset of precooling to anthesis.
Ethylene in Apple and Pear Experimental CA Chambers1
Authors: Blanpied G. D. , Cadun O. , Tamura T.
Published: August 2022

Ethylene levels in experimental 2 bushel chambers held at 32 and 38°F were related to length of storage period, CO2 level, technique for controlling CO2, cultivar stored and the presence or absence of ethylene scrubbing material. No consistent fruit responses were noted.
Changes in Soluble Solids, Red Pigment Content, and Firmness of Table Beet Cultivars with Growing Time and Season1
Authors: Shannon S.
Published: August 2022

Changes in soluble solids, red pigment, and firmness of 2 table beet cultivars with growing time were evaluated during 3 seasons. In 1969 and 1970 there were significant cultivar differences in soluble solids. There were significant changes in soluble solids with growing time all 3 seasons due primarily to drought. Highly significant differences existed in the red pigment content of cultivars. Red pigment content of the roots increased with growing time during 2 seasons, but the opposite was true during the 3rd season. Firmness of the processed product increased greatly with growing time during all 3 seasons. There was a highly significant difference in firmness of 2 cultivars grown all 3 seasons. All 3 quality attributes varied with root size, small roots having higher soluble solids and red pigment contents and slightly lower firmness than medium sized roots.
Free Amino Acid Responses of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. cv. Eckespoint D-7 to Fertilization, Chlormequat Levels and Tissue Harvest Date1
Authors: Conover C. A. , Vines H. M.
Published: August 2022

Chlorotic foliage of Euphorbia pulcherrima did not contain substantially higher levels of free amino acids than normal non-chlormequat treated foliage, and in some cases levels were lower indicating inhibition rather than protein degradation.

Free amino acids detected and measured in µ/g fresh wt included glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, cystine, proline and phenylalanine.

The high fertilizer rates stimulated chlorophyll regeneration after damage from phytotoxic spray application of chlormequat and was closely correlated with amino acids im portant in N metabolism.
Reversion in Sports of ‘Rhode Island Greening’ Apple1
Authors: Charlotte Pratt , Einset J. , Gilmer R. M.
Published: August 2022

Nonsported ‘Rhode Island Greening’ consistently produced its characteristic smooth and symmetrical fruits following ionizing irradiation or vegetative propagation, except for a low incidence of russet-fruited scions in one irradiation experiment. Three russet-fruited sports consistently produced russet fruits after either irradiation or propagation, as in the original limb, but more than half of the scions of another russet sport bore nonrusset fruits following either irradiation or propagation. Two sports with furrowed fruits, when irradiated, pruned severely, disbudded or propagated, produced smooth, symmetrical fruits on 0 - 100% of the scions or branches, with an incidence of 0 - 11% russet-fruited scions in one irradiation experiment. Three sports with russet-furrowed fruits, when irradiated, disbudded or propagated, produced a graduated series of fruits ranging from russet-furrowed to furrowed to smooth and symmetrical, with an incidence of 0 - 8% russet-fruited scions in one irradiation experiment. Another sport with russet-furrowed fruits was stable in limited observations. There was no evidence that variation in fruit type was related to virus infection. The sports are hypothesized to be periclinal chimeras with a mutation for russet in layer I of the apical meristem (unstable sports) or in layers I and II (stable sports), or with a mutation for furrowing in layer III (sports with furrowed fruits) or in layers II and III (sports with russet-furrowed fruits). The appearance of russet fruits in irradiation experiments with nonrusset clones was considered to be the result of new mutation.
Influence of Pruning at Various Dates on Peach Tree Mortality
Authors: Prince V. E. , Horton B. D.
Published: August 2022

In a site with a history of short life of peach trees, brown discoloration of trunk cambial area was greater in trees pruned in November or December than in trees pruned in January. Trees pruned in February had less discoloration than those pruned in January. Mortality was greater among trees pruned in November or December than among those pruned in January. Mortality was less in trees pruned in February than those pruned earlier. However, there was little injury and no tree death when trees were pruned on different dates on a site with no short life problem.
Factors Influencing the Level of Succinic Acid-2,2-Dimethylhydrazide Residues in Apple Fruits1
Authors: Looney N. E. , Williams K. , Wardle G. A.
Published: August 2022

The level of succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) in ‘Spartan’ apples treated according to commercial practice with Alar-854 was higher in fruits treated in July or August than in fruits sprayed in late May, when measured at harvest and after storage. SADH was very persistent in apples stored at 0°C. Fruit from trees treated at comparable times in 2 seasons did not have higher SADH residues than those treated only in the second season, but fruit size reduction was more severe following some treatments applied in both years. Adding the wetting agent Tween 20 to the spray solutions increased uptake of SADH in most experiments as evidenced by increased fruit residue levels.
Cranberry Growth Related to Tissue Concentration and Soil Test Phosphorus1
Authors: Greidanus T. , Dana M. N.
Published: August 2022

Phosphorus stress caused a general restriction of growth, pinkish tips and purplish leaves and was associated with low tissue P concn. Phosphorus concn for severe deficiency ranged from 0.034 to 0.08%, hidden hunger occurred from 0.09 to 0.11%, and sufficiency 0.12 to 0.27%. Phosphorus removed from the nutrient solutions was recovered in the plants. Soil test P at 50-70 kg/ha did not limit growth.
Effects of Crop Load, Girdling, and Auxin Application on Alternate Bearing of the Pistachio1
Authors: Crane Julian C. , Nelson M. M.
Published: August 2022

Alternate bearing in the pistachio, in contrast to other tree fruit species, is caused by abscission of abundant inflorescence buds during the heavy crop year. Bud abscission was found to increase as the number of nuts per branch increased. Branch girdling between the developing nuts on 1-year-old wood and the inflorescence buds on current wood reduced bud abscission to practically the same extent as that resulting from removing the young nuts from the branches. Application of para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid delayed but did not alter the degree of bud abscission. The greater the crop load in 1970, the shorter the shoot growth in length in 1971.
Phytotoxicity and Growth Responses of Ornamental Bedding Plants to Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide1
Authors: Adedipe N. O. , Barrett R. E. , Ormrod D. P.
Published: August 2022

No appreciable signs of phytotoxicity were observed for 4 days following fumigation of plants (including begonias, petunias, snapdragons) with ozone of up to 80 parts per hundred million (pphm) or sulfur dioxide of up to 400 pphm for 2 hr. Thereafter, there was considerable necrosis, particularly on begonias fumigated with the highest concn of the pollutants. Growth suppression was reflected in reduced shoot and flower wt, and to a lesser degree in reduced flower number. Overall, begonias and petunias were the most sensitive. Coleus and snapdragons were moderately sensitive, while marigold, celosia, impatiens and salvia were tolerant. ‘White Tausendschon’ was the most sensitive begonia cultivar while blue-flowered ‘Capri’ was the most sensitive petunia. Mixed color petunias exhibited varying degrees of tolerance. ‘Scarlet Rainbow’ coleus was more sensitive than ‘Pastel Rainbow’. Measurements of growth alterations in plants were found very useful in determining latent forms of air pollutant injury.
Respiratory Quotients of Irradiated Fruits1
Authors: Ahmed E. M. , Dennison R. A. , Green G. F.
Published: August 2022

An automatic sampling system for monitoring CO2 evolution and O2 uptake of irradiated fruits under a continuous air flow was used. All fruits showed increased respiratory activities immediately following irradiation. The respiratory activities of irradiated tomatoes and strawberries decreased within 24 hr following irradiation, while those of oranges and grapefruit remained at elevated levels. The respiratory quotients (RQ) of irradiated citrus fruits were higher than those for control fruits, while those of tomatoes and strawberries were not. All RQ values were less than unity.
Modification of Succinic Acid-2,2-Dimethylhydrazide Growth Inhibition of Bean Plants by Surfactants1
Authors: Schönherr Jörg , Bukovac Martin J.
Published: August 2022

The effects of surfactants on spray retention and penetration of succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) were determined by following growth inhibition of the first and second internode following SADH treatment of the primary leaves of an indeterminant bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake) plant. Surfactants (0.1%) decreased the retention of the SADH treating solution by the primary leaves thus reducing the potential dose delivered. The initial rate of SADH penetration was increased with surfactants, but the total amount penetrating was not significantly altered. Internode elongation of the ‘Blue Lake’ bean was enhanced by surfactants per se. Surfactant enhanced penetration of SADH resulted in increased inhibition of internode extension only when the absorption period was limited to 4 hr or less.
Tetraploid Progenies from 2x X 4x Crosses of Citrus and Their Origin1
Authors: Esen Asim , Soost Robert K.
Published: August 2022

The analysis of ploidy levels in progenies from 2x X 4x crosses during embryogenesis and after germination of the seeds indicates that they are mixtures of triploids and tetraploids. The frequency of tetraploids varies from 6 to 94% depending on the pistillate parents used. Chromosome number determinations in the embryo and endosperm of sectioned young seeds provide conclusive evidence that the megagametophytes which produce tetraploids when fertilized contain diploid eggs and polar nuclei. The occurrence of diploid megagametophytes in diploids provides an additional approach for producing tetraploid stocks following 2x X 4x crosses.
Exponential Nature of Heat Exposure Duration Relative to Temperature Change in the Curing and Flowering of Bulbous Iris1
Authors: Kimura Y. , Stuart N. W.
Published: August 2022

A semi-log plot of time and temp, representing treatment conditions successfully used for the heat curing of ‘Wedgwood’ iris bulbs, resulted in a wedge shaped distribution of points. A line passing through the lower side of this distribution was interpreted as the locus of min time values at given temp for the successful heat treatment of iris bulbs. Several time-temp treatment combinations from points along this line and other combinations were selected for forcing trials with ‘Ideal’ iris. After subtraction of correction values based on a 2-day period of delayed bulb response, the corrected equivalent units showed positive correlation with the earliness of the 50% flowering date, the decreasing lengths of first and fifth leaves, and the decreasing number of leafy plants. The per day effect of treatment at 32°C declined beyond the 10th day. The equivalent unit method is a new procedure for calculating the heat curing response for bulbous iris,
Geochemical processes and mechanisms for cesium enrichment in a hot-spring system
Authors: Wang Wei , Jiang Shao-Yong , Wei Hai-Zhen
Published: August 2022

Geothermal systems in Tibet, a crucial geothermal region in China, belong to the Mediterranean-Himalayan geothermal belt and are characterized by a broad distribution of cesium (Cs) bearing geyserite deposits. Targejia, one of the largest Cs-bearing geyserites in southern-western Tibet, contains 1.446 × 104 tons of Cs. The highest ore grade reaches 2.89 wt%, and the ore-forming process can be subdivided into mineralization stages I to V. Cs is heterogeneously distributed in geyserites. Herein, two Cs-bearing ores are investigated, with distinct characteristics of (1) low-Cs-bearing ore (amorphous silica opal-A and opal-CT type) with low Cs (average of ~0.2 wt%), Na, K, Al, and Ca contents, and (2) high-Cs-bearing ore (clay type) with high-Cs (average of ~1.40 wt%), -Na, -K, -Al, and -Ca contents. It is reported for the first time that Cs primarily exists in clay rather than in amorphous silica opal. The Cs-enrichment mechanisms are different for the above two Cs-bearing geyserite types: (1) The deprotonated –OH, surrounded by water molecules, controls the amount of Cs absorbed on the geyserite surface (Si–OH) in the low-Cs-bearing ore. (2) The variable Cs content depends on the Al content because Al substitutes Si, yielding more negative charges to absorb Cs in the high-Cs-bearing ore. Geothermal fluid loading-mass elements, such as Cs and SiO2, precipitate as amorphous silica (opal) with clay minerals. Mineral saturation index modeling was used to predict the most applicable physical parameters for ore formation. The results confirm that the ore forms at ~85 °C and a pH of ~8.5 in the Na-Cl system at stage V. The degree of Cs enrichment reduces from the latest stage V (0–4 ka) to the early stage IV (4–17 ka), and is controlled by clay dissolution, which might further relate to the climate change in Tibet’s Holocene. Fluid-rock interaction modeling shows that dissolution–reprecipitation induces a higher order of amorphous silica formation and clay dissolution at >40 °C and pH of 5–9 at stages V and III, excluding Cs from the ore.
An Analysis of Culturally Specific Items and Translation Techniques Applied in Edensor
Authors: Busana Prima , Subiyanto Agus
Published: August 2022

This research aims to identify and classify Culturally Specific Items (CSIs) of a bilingual novel titled Edensor by using Newmark’s taxonomy and to analyze CSIs classification by using translation techniques of  Mollina and Albir. Further, this research purposes to know the accurateness of the translation. This research design is conducted with a qualitative-descriptive approach. The data of the research are taken from a novel namely Edensor which is written by Andrea Hirata, and the novel is translated from Indonesian to English by John Colombo. The researchers collect the data by using techniques of library research. The data is collected by identifying and classifying of CSIs in the novel. Then, the data is analyzed based on the translation techniques. The results show that amplification technique is used for 16 data (48.49%), borrowing technique is used for 6 data (18.18%), calque technique is used for 2 data (6.06%), description technique is used for 1 data (3.03%), generalization technique is used for 7 data (21.21%), and reduction technique is used for 1 data (3.03%). The mostly used in translation technique of CSIs is amplification technique by giving additional information, because it can make a clear for the English readers. Further, the accurateness of the CSIs translation shows 19 data (57.58%) for accurate translation, 10 data (30.30%) for less-accurate translation, and 4 data (12.12%) for inaccurate translation.
Functions of Code-switching in Young Moroccans’ Facebook Comments
Authors: Khoumssi Khawla
Published: August 2022

This study investigates, through a qualitative approach, code-switching practices of young Moroccans in their Facebook interactions. The purpose behind this research is to analyse the functions of code-switching in Facebook comments, that were extracted from 30 Facebook accounts, and find out whether the choice of switching between languages is a conscious act that serves certain communicative functions, or it is a random choice made by young Moroccan Facebook users to compensate for a linguistic incompetence. Functions were coded and analysed using a grounded theory. Results achieved through the analysis of code-switching functions that occurred in the participants’ Facebook comments revealed that code-switching appeared, mainly, to serve notions of quotation, addressee specification, availability, principle of economy, indicating emotions, clarification, emphasis, habitual expressions, creativity and euphemism. Therefore, code-switching in young Moroccans’ Facebook comments is considered as a communication strategy that aims at enhancing their interactions in Facebook and making them more fluid and vibrant.
A Critical Discourse Analysis on Shopee 12.12 Birthday Sale Advertisement
Authors: Feramayasari Kiki , Wiedarti Pangesti
Published: August 2022

Advertising is one of the means used to deliver and promote a product and these ads also contain elements of discourse on it. In every advertisement, impress and attract consumers are the main points such as the model, sound, picture, and verbal language that have to be used so that potential consumers will be directly connected and interest to the product being advertised by listening to, looking at, and reading. This research aims to analyze the woman’s position in Shopee 12.12 birthday sale advertisement. This research uses Sara Mills’ critical discourse analysis approach with the Feminist Stylist Approach (FSA) approach. One of the discourses which analyze about feminist sees how is the position of subject-object and the viewers on Shopee 12:12 birthday sale advertisement, then it will reveal the discourse which will be shown to the public to know the woman’s construction and to explain the pattern of woman’s construction through some scenes on Shopee 12:12 birthday sale advertisement. The focus of this research is the formulation used to analyze an advertising discourse whether it is a critical discourse or not.
Does Pictionary Game Effective for Students’ Speaking Skill?
Authors: Daulay Sholihatul Hamidah , Lubis Yani , Damanik Emeliya Sukma Dara , Wandini Rora Rizky , Putri Fazar Azriani
Published: August 2022

Several problems of speaking in SMAN 6 Medan attracted researchers to conduct the research as an effort to help the students in language learning. Researchers attempted to see the effectiveness of Pictionary game toward English speaking skill. This Pictionary game is a simple game and applicable for all levels of students. The main function of this game is building of creative thinking, increasing of grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation, developing student’s bravery in expression of the ideas and creating of responsibility and cooperative towards the students. Because of this advantage, many researchers conducted this game on language learning such as the effect of Pictionary game on vocabulary mastery and researchers decided to see whether Pictionary game is effective for student speaking skill. This study is conducted by using an experimental design. In collecting of the data, researcher took pre-test and post-test from experimental and control class and examined them to see whether Pictionary game is effective or not. After analyzing of the data using of three tests, researchers found that the students’ score in experimental group was higher than control group in post-test. The calculation showed tobserved was 2.07. The degree of the freedom was 70 (df= n1 + n2 – 2) that means (df= 36 + 36 – 2) at the significance level 0.05, thus the critical score was 1.97. It can be concluded ttable was 1.97. then, the calculation of students’ scores shown that tobserved > ttable that means (Ha) was accepted, and (H0) was rejected. It means there is significance effect of the students’ speaking skill after treated by Pictionary game.
The Effect of COVID 19 Pandemic on English Proficiency Level in Higher Education
Authors: Amiruddin Mohammad , Jannah Ukhti Raudhatul
Published: August 2022

This study is to find out the effect of COVID 19 pandemic on English proficiency .This research is an experimental research using quantitative approach. The students in higher education are as parts of population in this research. A random sampling technique is used to decide the sampling size. The subjects of this study are 36 students. The data are analyzed by paired t test technique.  The result of the study shows sig (p) is significant. It is smaller than 0.05 (it is 0.000). The difference can be considered true. The mean is 59.30 before COVID 19; 49.33 is the mean during COVID 19. It indicates that the students at higher education with before COVID 19 pandemic have better English aptitude than in COVID 19 virus. It implies that the teachers and members of educational society in higher education be supposed to assist out students with the suitable atmosphere to be of assistance students with consequential input in addition to offer students with interface in an attempt to the regularity of experiencing English; additionally, it is suggested that the members of scholar society are being release significant input for the students.
Effectiveness of Teaching English for Specific Purposes in LMS Moodle: Lecturers' Perspective
Authors: Prasetya Rizky Eka
Published: August 2022

Learning management systems (LMS) Moodle presents a beneficial arrangement of features that support language learning in the electronic environment. The English lecturers' challenge is to obtain interaction and adaptability with their online classroom. The study is to find the effectiveness of teaching English in Moodle-based.  The semi-structured interviews and open-ended questioner were employed to recognize the complete information to the English lecturer's teaching experiences based on Moodle. This study determines that the effective teaching of English Moodle-based depends on both lecturer competences in pedagogy English and lecturer experience in the Moodle system. It covers a complete curriculum with high expectations, composes applicable model content, and constructs it more obtainable, provides specific and culturally applicable instruction, maintains practical approaches to explicit learning strategies, allows learnings to use the first language, prepares vocabulary in various contexts, and develops reading comprehension, and integrates communicative competence abilities. The language learning activities of the Moodle classroom are capable of fulfilling learning practice for complete progression participants with peculiar configuration, management, adjustments, and teaching approach. The English teaching course designer should organize and manage an expected course model of course-related activity, and it applied to the utilization of the syllabus or course information page. The essential aspect of interchangeable communication significantly reshapes language teaching pedagogy in the electronic ecosystem. The effective teaching of English Moodle-based can be achieved with teaching pedagogy's full capabilities and technicality in the Moodle system.
The Roles of English Teacher Forum (MGMP) in Indonesia Towards the Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Atmoko Septian Hanung Dwi , Kuswandono Paulus
Published: August 2022

This research was conducted to look for the roles of the English teacher forum (MGMP) in Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia as an integral part of their teacher professional development (TPD). The abbreviation of MGMP stands for Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran or English Teacher Forum in the context of this study. The research involved fifteen English teachers from various accessible schools. The phenomenological method was used in this research to understand the teachers’ experiences of the contribution of MGMP towards their TPD. Further, the research utilized a questionnaire and interviews to collect the data from the participants. The three-step data analysis from Ary, Jacsobs, Sorensen, & Razavieh (2010) namely familiarizing and organizing, coding and reducing, and interpreting and representing were employed to validate the data. The results demonstrate that MGMP gives a lot of benefits to the TPD. Nevertheless, some aspects should be improved, such as conducting research on teachers’ training needs, providing sustainable post-training supervision, and creating simple and efficient systems related to the school administration. For future research direction, further studies should focus on improving those aforementioned factors.
Measurements of charm production in pp collisions with ALICE
Authors: Cheng Tiantian
Published: August 2022

The production of charm-hadrons at midrapidity in pp collisions at
\sqrt{s}s
= 5.02 and 13 TeV was recently measured by the ALICE Collaboration. The
results show that the baryon-to-meson yield ratios differ from
predictions where the hadronization has been tuned to measurements
obtained in e^{+}e^{-}e+e−
and ep collisions for different charm-baryon species. These observations
suggest that the charm fragmentation fractions are not universal and
that the baryon-to-meson ratio depends on the collision systems. The
results are compared to the predictions from Monte Carlo event
generators and theoretical calculations.
Analysis of selected technology acceptance model constructs and their impact on user behavior
Authors: Fedorko Igor , Bačik Radovan , Gavurova Beata
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, when the Internet is a regular part of people’s life in competitive conditions, it is essential to emphasize user feelings about the products, especially in the context of web pages. The study aims to clarify the significance of selected Technology Acceptance Model elements concerning user behavior in the web area. The study applied an exploratory method using an anonymous questionnaire in electronic form (Likert scale). This study’s respondents were website users, visitors, or internet users within the EU. Adequacy of the research sample was measured using Cronbach’s alpha and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (226 respondents). This paper proposed factors that impact user behavior. The quality of the website content factor contains two other variables: the quality of information (QI-Q5) and its availability (AI-A3). The design quality factor is composed of four elements: appearance (AP1-AP5), website findability (F1-F4), website navigation (N1-N3), and website access and usability (AU1-AU4). In addition, the paper selected the perceived usefulness factor (USEF1), the factor of perceived ease of use (EOU1-EOU3), and the attitude to use the website (ATT1). This study calculated the values of the Pearson correlation coefficients and used the lower triangle method to obtain the resulting coefficient values. The analysis results show that the simplicity of use and page orientation does not affect the actual use of the website. The study’s outcome is a model that identifies the impact of individual factors on user behavior in the context of user experience.
AcknowledgmentThis paper was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under Contract no. APVV-21-0188. This paper was also supported by VEGA 1/0488/22.
Ultrasound-facilitated catheter-directed thrombolysis via dual right upper extremity venous access into the basilic vein in a case of submassive pulmonary embolism
Authors: Elkhouly Ahmed , Enos Derek , Fox Justin
Published: August 2022

Traditionally, massive, life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE) has been treated with systemic thrombolytic therapy, whereas submassive and smaller acute PEs have been treated with systemic anticoagulation therapy. Given that thrombolytic therapy is associated with a risk of life-threatening complications, including intracranial hemorrhage, it has not been routinely used or recommended for submassive PEs. In 2017, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ultrasound-facilitated catheter- directed thrombolysis (USCDT) for acute massive and sub-massive pulmonary embolism. USCDT is primarily performed via jugular or femoral venous access. There have been isolated reports of USCDT performed via upper-extremity venous access. We present a case of ultrasound-facilitated catheter-directed thrombolysis (USCDT) in a submassive PE patient with dual right upper extremity venous access, where both sheaths were advanced into the basilic vein (due to anatomic variation). Based on recent clinical trial data suggesting that shorted duration USCDT is as effective as longer duration, tPA was infused in this case for 6 hours. This intervention strategy can enhance patient comfort with USCDT therapy and can be particularly helpful in patients at high risk of access site complications and those unable to lie supine for a long duration of infusion therapy.
An Assessment of Narrative Genres in Kurdish Folklore (Epos, Bayt and Narrative Songs)
Authors: KAPLAN Yaşar
Published: August 2022

In recent years, Kurdish folklore has seen extensive research and significant progress in analysis and classification. However, despite the magnitude and abundance of Kurdish folklore, scientific studies on the definition, differentiation, and determination of literary boundaries in oral literature genres have been inadequate. The most problematic issue in studies on Kurdish folklore has been the identification of specific genres and what to call them. The narrative genres are especially prone to obfuscate definitive genres and literary boundaries. Narrative types are long Kurdish narratives: epos (epic), bayt (with metres), and narrative songs (storytelling). Although the narrative types are divided into plain verse, plain prose, and verse-prose, plain prose is not examined in this article the aim of which is to introduce narrative genres per se, determine their literary boundaries, and reveal their characteristics. For this, the forms of epos, bayt, and narrative songs are compared and their similarities and differences are determined in terms of content, shape, performer, motif, theme, geography, and cultural region.
Contamination level, source identification and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in drinking water sources of mining and non-mining areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Bhatti Zahid Imran , Ishtiaq Muhammad , Khan Said Akbar , Nawab Javed , Ghani Junaid , Ullah Zahid , Khan Sardar , Baig Shams Ali , Muhammad Ihsan , Din Zia Ud , Khan Asad
Published: August 2022

Accelerated mining activities have increased water contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and their associated human health risk in developing countries. The current study investigated the distribution of PTEs, their potential sources and health risk assessment in both ground and surface water sources in mining and non-mining areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Water samples (n = 150) were taken from selected sites and were analyzed for six PTEs (Ni, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb and Mn). Among PTEs, Cr showed a high mean concentration (497) μg L−1, followed by Zn (414) μg L−1 in the mining area, while Zn showed the lowest mean value (4.44) μg L−1 in non-mining areas. Elevated concentrations of Ni, Cr and a moderate level of Pb in ground and surface water of Mohmand District exceeded the permissible limits set by WHO. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that the pollution sources of PTEs were mainly from mafic-ultramafic rocks, acid mine drainage, open dumping of mine wastes and mine tailings. The hazard quotient (HQ) was the highest for children relative to that for adults, but not higher than the USEPA limits. The hazard index (HI) for ingestions of all selected PTEs was lower than the threshold value (HIing < 1), except for Mohmand District, which showed a value of HI >1 in mining areas through ingestion. Moreover, the carcinogenic risk (CR) values exceeded the threshold limits for Ni and Cr set by the USEPA (1.0E-04–1.0E-06). In order to protect the drinking water sources of the study areas from further contamination, management techniques and policy for mining operations need to be implemented.
Wastewater reuse in agriculture: the effect of macrophyte-assisted vermifiltration treatment on seed germination and seedling development
Authors: Nsiah-Gyambibi Rapheal , Quashie Andrews , Armoo Ekua Afrakoma
Published: August 2022

There is a growing need to reclaim wastewater for agricultural use due to freshwater limitation. Integrating macrophytes in vermifiltration improves the treatment efficiency. However, the effect of treated wastewater on seed germination and seedling development is not widely investigated. The study investigated the use of Pistia stratiotes in a macrophyte-assisted vermifiltration of domestic wastewater and assessed the effect on seed and seedling development of Zea mays, Triticum aestivum and Sorghum bicolor. Three irrigation treatments of water were applied: macrophyte-assisted vermifiltration (VP), no macrophyte vermifiltration (VM) and potable water (PW) as the control. Results showed that VP had a removal of 41–44% EC, 65–67% turbidity, 52–65% TDS, 67–70% TSS, 29–34% COD, 42–46% BOD, 67–70% N total, and 74–78% P available compared to VM. VP treatment reduced inhibition in the morphological, physiological and biochemical developments of seed and seedling growth. The use of macrophyte-vermifiltered wastewater significantly (p < 0.05) increased the percentage of germination and the radical length of all seed species increased as well. In terms of the seedling development, seedling mortalities were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced and more than 75% chlorophyll pigments estimations (Cɑ, Cɓ, Cɑ+ɓ and Cx+c) were identified in all seedling species when macrophyte-vermifiltered wastewater was used to irrigate.
Regeneration of As(V) loaded granular activated carbon through desorption in FeCl3, CaCl2 and MgCl2 aqueous solutions
Authors: Moed Niels Michiel , Ku Young
Published: August 2022

As(V) adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) and subsequent desorption in dH2O was modeled using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Regeneration was achieved by immersing loaded GAC in NaCl, FeCl3, CaCl2 and MgCl2 aqueous solutions. As(V) detection after desorption was highest for NaCl but subsequent adsorption was lowest. Regeneration was highest in FeCl3 solution of pH 2 followed closely by pH 3, but As(V) precipitation appeared superior at pH 3. Molar ratios of Fe, Ca and Mg to As were tested in the range of 0.75:1 to 12:1 where a logarithmic relation was found between the molar ratio and As(V) desorption as diluted in HNO3 and H2O and subsequent adsorption. Precipitation was nearly complete in FeCl3, limited in MgCl2 at a ratio of 12:1 and not observed in CaCl2. While kinetic values were lower than in previous tests, the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models could accurately describe desorption in CaCl2 and MgCl2 but not in FeCl3 due to precipitation. Desorption in FeCl3 was most effective in precipitating As(V), being highest at a molar ratio of 6:1, but regeneration was slightly higher at a molar ratio of 12:1.
La industria de contenedores marítimos: importancia de implementación de políticas públicas para su fomento y desarrollo
Authors: Meza Mitacc Alexis Daniel
Published: August 2022

Nuestro país no ha desarrollado plenamente un sector de servicios de apoyo al sector logístico. A nivel de políticas públicas si bien existe el marco legal habilitante, requiere modificaciones e implementación de mejoras en la industria de contenedores marítimos. En el presente artículo, nos referiremos a la determinación de políticas públicas y el ámbito del Derecho, más no a otros factores relacionados a esta industria.
mtDNA Maintenance and Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative
Diseases
Authors: Shang Dehao , Huang Minghao , Wang Biyao , Yan Xu , Wu Zhou , Zhang Xinwen
Published: August 2022

Considerable evidence indicates that the semiautonomous organelles mitochondria play
key roles in the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
encodes components of the OXPHOS complex but mutated mtDNA accumulates in cells with aging,
which mirrors the increased prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. This accumulation stems
not only from the misreplication of mtDNA and the highly oxidative environment but also from defective
mitophagy after fission. In this review, we focus on several pivotal mitochondrial proteins
related to mtDNA maintenance (such as ATAD3A and TFAM), mtDNA alterations including
mtDNA mutations, mtDNA elimination, and mtDNA release-activated inflammation to understand
the crucial role played by mtDNA in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's
disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Our
work outlines novel therapeutic strategies for targeting mtDNA.
Diagnostic Value of DCE-MRI and Tofts Model in Children with Unilateral
Hydronephrosis
Authors: Yin Yiwei , Zhou Yi , He Siping , Jin Ke
Published: August 2022

Background:

Hydronephrosis is a common condition, and the correct diagnosis of hydronephrosis
is necessary to improve the early diagnosis rates of pediatric hydronephrosis.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore and analyze the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-
enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) analyzed using the Tofts model in children
with unilateral hydronephrosis.

Methods:

We retrospectively selected data from 88 children with unilateral hydronephrosis treated in
our hospital from September 2018 to October 2020. Routine and DCE-MR renal image indexes were
collected and their pharmacokinetic variables were calculated based on the Tofts model to compare
kinetic parameters of affected and normal kidney. We compared the renal parenchymal thickness and
other renal function indexes in children with different degrees of hydronephrosis, and drew receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the diagnostic value of this approach in children with
hydronephrosis.

Results:

The Ktrans, Kep, and Ve values in the diseased kidneys were lower than those in the normal
ones (P<0.05). The thickness of the healthy renal parenchyma in children with severe hydronephrosis
was higher than in children with moderate and mild hydronephrosis, but the renal parenchyma thickness
and the thickness ratio of renal parenchyma on the affected side were lower than those in children
with moderate and mild hydronephrosis (P<0.05). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DCE-MRI
and Tofts model in the diagnosis of hydronephrosis in children were higher than those of a single
DCE-MRI (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve for the DCE-MRI and Tofts model approach for
the diagnosis of hydronephrosis in children was 0.789 (95% CI, 0.72-0.859), and the sensitivity and
specificity were 86.36% and 71.59%, respectively.

Conclusions:

DCE-MRI and Tofts model can provide a clear picture of renal morphology, and renal
function evaluation parameters. They have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of hydronephrosis
in children.
Dissonance Between Human Nurses And Technology: Understanding Nurses’ Experience Using Technology Beds With Monitoring Functions Within Clinical Nursing Practice
Authors: Kotoku Kazuko , Eguchi Eri , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Nakashima Shota , Asai Yoshiyuki , Nishikawa Jun
Published: August 2022

Aims:

Are nurses adapting to the mechanized nursing practice environment? Is it possible for nurses to collaborate with technology to provide care to patients? The aim of the study is to investigate what nurses feel about using technology in nursing practice.

Background:

Preventing patients from falling is one of the nursing tasks that can be helped by using technology, such as sensors. However, little is known about how nurses experience and feel the use of technological beds for monitoring functionality within clinical nursing practice. Especially it is indicated that alarm fatigue makes nurses and patients fatigued and induces a dissonance between nurses and technology.

Objective:

To clarify the experiences of nurses in clinical practice following the introduction of a bed with monitoring and fall prevention technology (technology bed).

Methods:

We interviewed 12 nurses working at a hospital about their nursing practice experiences with the technology bed.

Results:

The content of the interview was classified into three categories: ‘providing a safe environment’, ‘limitation of entry into machine care scenes’, and ‘nurses’ dilemmas’; with eight themes describing nursing practice: (1) strategies of fall prevention, (2) decrease in nurses’ burden, (3) not good at using technology (all tools must be easy to use), (4) inefficiency such as over-engineering, (5) patients feel annoyed by frequent visits from nurses, (6) limitations of utilization from a nursing perspective, (7) nurse resistance to equipment introduction and (8) ethical issues.

Conclusion:

Although technology beds could effectively prevent falls, many nurses face an ethical dilemma in using these beds. It would be important for nurses to recognize the role of technology, embrace it, and raise awareness of collaborating with technology to eliminate a dissonance between technology and nurses.
Occurrence of cystoid macular edema after uneventful phacoemulsification in diabetic patients without retinopathy: A hospital-based comparative study
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan (deemed to be) University, Bhubaneswar, India, et al. Mehra
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the incidence of CME after uneventful phacoemulsification in diabetic patients without any signs of retinopathy and nondiabetic patients in early post-operative periods. The present study was a prospective, comparative, hospital-based study conducted from December 2019 to December 2020 in the Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care referral hospital in Eastern India. All patients aged between 50 to 80 years of either sex with cataract grade nuclear sclerosis II–III with or without cortical cataract and early posterior subcapsular cataract undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery by a single surgeon were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cataracts with no retinopathy changes on funduscopy and group 2 included healthy non-diabetic patients with cataracts. Comprehensive baseline evaluation including central retinal thickness (CRT) measurement using optical coherence tomography was done in all cases. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CRT were assessed 1 week and 6 weeks following surgery. Seventy-four patients were included in the study. Both the groups consisted of 37 cases each. The mean age in group 1 and group 2 was 62.24 ± 6.36 and 63.30 ± 6.39 years respectively. One patient in each group developed clinical CME in the postoperative period. The incidence of CME in our study was 2.7%. Improvement in BCVA was comparable in both groups and statistically insignificant. An increase in CRT was found to be statistically significant (P= 0.047) in group 1 at the 6th week follow-up. Visual outcomes in diabetic patients without retinopathy are similar to normal patients following uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery.
Гетероструктуры AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs для ключевых pHEMT-транзисторов
Authors: Протасов Д.Ю. , Дмитриев Д.В. , Журавлев К.С. , Айзенштат Г.И. , Ющенко А.Ю. , Пашковский А.Б.
Published: August 2022

The pHEMT heterostructures optimized in this work to improve the parameters of switching microwave transistors have a one-sided δ-doping at 6×1012 cm-2 and an AlAs/GaAs spacer. Such heterostructures were used to fabricate the monolithic integrated circuits of single-pole double throw pHEMT switches with gate length and width of 0.5 μm and 100 μm, respectively. The resulting transistors had the following parameters: gm = 400 mS/mm, saturation current ID=380 mA/mm, ON-state resistance 1.0 Ω×mm, OFF-state capacitance 0.37 pF/mm. The switch parameters at 20 GHz are: insertion loss -2.2 dB, isolation -56 dB, return loss -11.7 dB, linearity P1dB 21 dBm and IIP3 40 dBm.
Механизм пробоя высокочастотного разряда со струйными электролитическими электродами
Authors: Желтухин В.С. , Гайсин Ал.Ф. , Петряков С.Ю.
Published: August 2022

The physical mechanism for the emergence of ring and semi-ring plasma structures around electrolyte jets in a high-frequency discharge with liquid jet electrodes. It is shown that the electric field strength in the jet flow decay region can reach values of 10^9–10^10 V/m, at which autoelectronic emission is possible, leading to the appearance in the vicinity of the jet of primary electrons, which leads to ionization and excitation of the molecules of the surrounding gaseous medium.
Caracterización nutricional y producción de gas de especies vegetales con potencial alimenticio para la alimentación de rumiantes
Authors: Araiza-Rosales Elia E , Pámanes-Carrasco Gerardo A , Sánchez-Arroyo Juan F , Herrera-Torres Esperanza , Rosales-Castro Martha , Carrete-Carreón Francisco O
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Evaluar la composición química, contenido de compuestos fenólicos, cinética de producción de gas y emisiones de metano in vitro de siete especies vegetales con potencial alimenticio para alimentación de rumiantes. Materiales y métodos. Siete especies fueron evaluadas: encino gris (EG), encino rojo (ER), chicalote (CHIC), mezquite (MEZ), huizache (HUI), morera (MOR) y la estevia (STE). Los análisis de las muestras fueron: extracto etéreo (EE), cenizas (Cen), proteína cruda (PC), carbohidratos no estructurales (CNE), fibra en detergente neutro (FDN), fibra en detergente ácido (FDA), hemicelulosa, celulosa, lignina detergente ácida (LDA), taninos condensados (TC) y fenoles totales (FT), digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (DIVMS); así como las condiciones ruminales in vitro, producción de gas (PG), producción de metano y dióxido de carbono, nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3) y ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV´s). Resultados. Los resultados muestran que HUI, MEZ y MOR presentaron un mayor contenido de PC, las mayores digestibilidades (DIVMS) se observaron en CHIC, HUI y STE. De lo contrario, las producciones de metano más bajas fueron generadas por MEZ, ER Y HUI. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con los resultados en la composición química, CHIC, MOR y STE presentaron la mejor calidad nutricional ya que mostraron los más altos contenidos de proteína y una digestibilidad adecuada. Estos resultados sugieren que el uso de CHIC no afectaría las características nutricionales que ofrece un forraje de buena calidad. Además, las otras especies pueden usarse como aditivos o suplementos para alimentar a los rumiantes debido a su mayor contenido de proteína y taninos condensados.