bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trainers’ Pedagogical Competence in Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institutions in Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Oroni Barasa  , Echaune Manasi  , Risper Wepukhulu
Published: April 2023

Technical trainers’ competencies are essential for success in any career like Technology Education program which centers on skills acquisition among Trainees for production. The objective of the study was to; establish the extent of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) trainer’s pedagogical competence in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study was guided by the Signaling Theory of Learning. The study employed descriptive survey design. The study targeted the 800 trainees enrolled for technical course and 400 trainers in Bungoma Country. Simple random sampling technique was used to arrive at the participants. A sample of 200 trainees and 80 trainers participated in the study. The study used questionnaires and Focused Group Discussion guides and interview to collect data. Test- retest technique was employed to ascertain reliability of the questionnaires at alpha 0.70. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive namely; percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviation and inferential statistics namely; correlation and Pearson coefficient. Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS Version 25.0) was used to analyze data. Qualitative data was recorded, transcribed and reported thematically. The findings were presented using figures and tables. The study found that TVET trainers could effectively communicate with trainees and to somewhat extent, trainers utilized assessment for the benefit of the trainees. However, trainers could to a little extent develop trainees critical thinking skills and trainers were to somewhat extent knowledgeable of current technologies in their areas of specialization. In addition, the study found that majority of the trainers could somewhat extent relate classroom content to workshop experiences. The study found that the strongest positive correlation existed between trainers’ use of practical examples to explain concepts and acquisition of skills among trainees [ r= 0.788, p<0.05]. Other variables that were positively correlated with the outcome variable were; trainers motivated learners [r=0.758, p<0.05], trainers used variety of teaching approaches [r=0.783, p<0.05], trainers used relevant examples [r=0.748, p<0.05] and trainers allowed trainees to design teaching and learning activities [r=0.755, p<0.05].The results for the multiple linear regression model with all the eleven trainers’ pedagogical competence variables that were statistical correlated with the outcome variable produced an adjusted R-Square of 0.481, F (11,177) = 1.862, p<0.05. The study recommended that there was need to enhance the TVET trainers’ pedagogical competence and there was need to increase government capitation to TVET to assist them acquire training material and equipment that support more practice based learning.
Improving Students' Writing Through Team Game Tournament (TGT) at SMK Negeri 1 Ambon
Authors: Manuputty Glorya
Published: April 2023

This research aimed at this class action research: (1) for the description of stages; steps of applying of method TGT in course of study job application letter (2) for description of the effectiveness of applying of method TGT to write job application letter of student of class of XIIE1PROGRAM TOURISM SMK NEGERI 1 AMBON. Research procedure follow the stages; steps of research of class action which relate of proposal of Research of Class Action (PTK) released by Dikti covering four step. Fourth step of according to the Dikti (1) planning, (2) execution, (3) monitoring, and (4) reflection. The outcome of the research was as follows: (1) the effective method of TGT is enough utilized in the study of job application writing; (2) effective TGT method enough to increase the ability to write job application letters; (3) effective to the TGT method, enough to improve the student participation in the study of writing job application letters; (4) effective to the TGT method is enough to improve the motivation and student enthusiasm in the study of writing job application letters.
Writing Summary as An Alternative Strategy To Comprehend The Text
Authors: Sucita Dian Permatasari , Hukom Salmon James
Published: April 2023

This paper is purposed to explain the use of Writing Summary as an alternative strategy to comprehend the text in teaching reading. Some researchers have applied writing the summary strategy to increase students' reading comprehension. Based on the results of those researches, showed that writing summary could effectively encourage students in comprehending the text well. Writing summary can help students enhance understanding of what is read. The strategy requires that students rewrite or outline only the important parts of the passage. Writing summary encourages students look for the most important parts and determine what parts of a passage are less important and what should be ignore. By using this strategy, the students need to read the whole text in order to make a summary using their own words. So, by writing summary based on what they read, they can comprehend a passage.
Transcendência mimética na poesia de Santa Teresa e Sóror Juana de La cruz
Authors: Rosa Débora Souza da
Published: April 2023

Objetivase aqui um breve estudo comparativo entre as artes poéticas de Santa Teresa D’Ávila e de Sóror Juana Inés de la Cruz. Busca-se, assim, compreender como as duas autoras, ambas freiras, souberam subverter, através de uma escrita mimética, o discurso falocêntrico de que tratam largamente as filósofas feministas Luce Irigaray, Hélène Cixous, Catherine Clément e Simone de Beauvoir, e lograr uma transcendência intelectual e espiritual nos difíceis tempos da Inquisição.
Cultura dos fãs – profanações das novas curadorias musicais no pagode baiano a partir de cybercenas no youtube
Authors: Barbosa Helen Campos
Published: April 2023

O presente texto trata da cultura de fãs dentro do cenário de curadoria musical instaurada pelo canal de compartilhamento YouTube no ambiente virtual a partir da perspectiva de estudos da Crítica Cultural. Buscamos problematizar os engendramentos, no que tange articulações simbólicas de linguagem, consumo e produção, desencadeados pelos novos meios de mediação e fruição estética das novas tecnologias.
A guerra de canudos na imprensa e na literatura: Ideologia e cientificismo
Authors: RIBEIRO Ester Sanches
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho estuda a imprensa, no caso do episódio da Guerra de Canudos, no final do século XIX, com vistas a observar o processo de construção de uma realidade através de textos jornalísticos que tratam desta questão da história do Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo é entender como os discursos sobre Ca­nudos circularam nos principais jornais de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro e na literatura de Euclides da Cu­nha, Os Sertões. É valido frisar que havia um discurso dominante na imprensa em geral da época com a intenção de direcionar a opinião pública a representar a campanha de Canudos a partir de uma ideologia “civi­lizacional” de bases culturalistas e raciais.
Eino Leino -tutkijan perintö
Authors: Katajamäki Sakari
Published: April 2023

Artikkelissa muodostetaan ensimmäistä kertaa kokonaiskuva Aarre M. Peltosesta (1920–1991) Eino Leinon tekstikriittisenä tutkijana sekä selvitetään, millainen rooli kirjailijalta säilyneillä käsikirjoituksilla oli hänen tekstikriittisessä tutkimustyössään ja millaiset tiedonintressit ohjasivat hänen työtään Leinon julkaisuihin ja arkistodokumentteihin syventyneenä tutkijana. Käytännössä tutkimuskysymys laajentuu kehämäisesti käsikirjoituslähteiden ja tekstikritiikin ulkopuolelle. Yhtäältä käsikirjoitukset muodostavat vain osan Peltosen tekstikriittisen editoinnin aineistoista, joihin kuului myös Leinon julkaistuja tekstejä. Toisaalta hänen tekstikriittisiä pyrkimyksiään on helpompi ymmärtää suhteessa hänen muihin tutkimustavoitteisiinsa ja osana kirjallisuudentutkimuksen tiedeyhteisöä. Vaikka hän ei useinkaan antanut käsikirjoitusaineistoille ensisijaista asemaa tutkimusten keskipisteinä, hän kuitenkin käytti niitä poikkeuksellisen paljon sekä suhtautui kunnianhimoisesti arkistolähteiden tuntemiseen ja niistä välittyvän tiedon jakamiseen tuleville tutkijoille.

Retrospektiivinen näkökulma Peltosen uraan valottaa paitsi Leino-tutkimuksen historiaa myös laajemmin suomalaiseen kirjallisuuteen kohdistuvaa tekstikriittistä tutkimusta, jota ei ole riittävästi huomioitu osana kirjallisuudentutkimuksen oppihistoriaa. Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden tekstikriittisenä tutkijana ja editorina Aarre M. Peltonen on toiminut tekstikritiikin ja käsikirjoitustutkimuksen edelläkävijänä Suomessa ja rakentanut pohjaa käsityksellemme Leinon laajasta tuotannosta. Siksi hänen tutkijanuransa valaisee kiinnostavilla tavoilla suomalaisen tekstikritiikin ja kirjallisuudentutkimuksen historiaa.

Peltosen dokumentaarinen, suuria aineistomassoja järjestelevä ja silti detaljeista kiinnostunut tutkimusote on oletettavasti vaikuttanut myös siihen, että häneltä itseltään on säilynyt lähes kahdeksan hyllymetrin henkilöarkisto, joka antaa paljon tietoa hänen tutkimuksestaan ja Leinon tuotannosta (SKS:n arkiston kirjallisuuden ja kulttuurihistorian kokoelma. Aarre M. Peltosen arkisto).
Runoilijan elämää etsimässä eli kirjallisuudentutkija Eila Kivikk’ahon arkistoaineiston parissa
Authors: Kainulainen Siru
Published: April 2023

Tässä esseessä käsittelen julkaisemani Eila Kivikk'aho -elämäkerran kirjoitusvaiheita etenkin arkistotutkimuksen valossa ja kirjallisuudentutkimuksen näkökulmasta.
Governing “decadent cities”: The far-right as agents of climate counterinsurgency
Authors: Valayden Diren
Published: April 2023

Ecological crisis has given rise to a range of discussions over “climate fascism,” “green nationalism,” “fossil fascism,” and “eco-fascism.” Several authors have advanced the thesis that climate adaptation will be shaped by an increase in authoritarian politics or an uptick in organized violence (e.g. at the borders of nation-states) as states deploy counterinsurgency tactics against climate refugees and environmental activists. My article inverts this proposition by arguing that far right politics emerges as a contingent possibility in the mode of counterinsurgency governance. I propose the framework of “relations of counterinsurgency” as a means of understanding how counterinsurgency manages crises of urban governability by remaking the spaces of uneven urbanization. I then argue that to theorize contemporary far right climate politics, we should ask what the term eco-fascism does rather than what it is. My argument is that, as climate change makes increasing claims upon political institutions, relations of counterinsurgency allow far right actors to constitute their agency and subjectivity.
Nerkaght and the Concept of Homeland The Armenian Community in Beirut and the Repatriation Movement 1946-48
Authors: Mercadanti Nairi
Published: April 2023

This paper discusses the issue of Armenian repatriation in the years ’46-’47, challenging the role played by the concept of Armenian homeland on the identities developed and propagated by various Armenian entities in Lebanon. The three main diasporic Armenian parties,Dashnak, Ramgavar, and Hunchak, as well as the three newspapers affiliated with them,Aztag,Zartonk, andArarad, clash in the Armenian-Lebanese political arena over differing conceptions of homeland and what it means to be an Armenian patriot, developing increasingly two sets of ideological references to draw on from time to time during intra-Armenian confrontation.
THE CONCEPT OF DOUBLE AUDIENCE FOR IRONY BASED ON THE THEORY OF BINARY OPPOSITION IN SENSE AND SENSIBILITY BY JANE AUSTEN
Authors: DAĞOĞLU Tülay
Published: April 2023

Irony is defined as a figure of speech that allows authors to use words in a way that their intended meaning deviates from their actual meaning, simply put a difference between appearance and reality. The organization of these differences is established in the form of binary oppositions, which is the base where irony arises. This study will focus on Jane Austen's different technique, which is to juxtapose the two polar opposites with the use of irony in her novel Sense and Sensibility. By highlighting social hypocrisy and human relations, Jane Austen's major technique in this novel is to center all her phenomena such as the characters, their personality, feelings, and even the settings on oppositions with her ironic attitude. In the context of Austen's novels, the predominant technique is irony, which riddles with social conventions and incongruities more often than not with the presence of cultivated and educated characters. The reason is that the female writers of Austen's time intentionally created didactic heroines not only to meet the expectations but also to challenge the moral indoctrination of their societies operated by the established norms. It is suggested that Austen's dominant technique is not subtly the use of irony; furthermore, it also operates in the form of binaries that juxtaposes the polar opposites. From a structuralist perspective, it is observed that the novelist predicated the technique of irony on the form of binaries with the implications of the doubling of certain elements in her novel.
The Effectiveness of Mirror Therapy in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zahrotul Jannah  , Yurike Septianingrum  , Raden Khairiyatul Afiyah  , Imamatul Faizah
Published: April 2023

Backgrounds : Stroke is a global problem and the second cause of death in the world.
Purpose : To find out the effectiveness of giving mirror therapy in stroke patients.
Methods : There are five databases used, namely Science Direct, SAGE Journal, Emerald, ProQuest and PubMed to search for mirror therapy and post-strokes. The inclusion criteria used are for publications for the last 5 years from 2017 to 2022, full-text articles and in English, according to the title, and RCT research or experimental studies.
Results : of the total 7 articles submitted for this systematic review after quality assessment, this included 3 randomized controlled trials and 4 experimental studies. All muscle strength studies in post-stroke patients after being given mirror interventions experienced an increase in muscles in parts of the body that experienced hemiperation, thereby increasing independence in patients. From the results of all studies, it was found that the optimal time in starting the therapy is in the chronic stage, and the therapeutic dose is given with the same intensity (at least five sessions per week) and duration (at least 30 minutes to 90 minutes).
Conclusion : mirror therapy proved to be an effective and viable approach to rehabilitate post-stroke survivors in acute, sub-acute, and chronic phases of the stroke, despite the long-term effects.
أثر النمو الحضري على تغير الحدود الادارية للمحلة السكنية في مدينة الناصرية وافاقها المستقبلية للمدة (1957 ـ 2017)
Authors: جلاب منسي السهلاني سميع
Published: April 2023

نشأة مدينة الناصرية نشأة متواضعة في بدايتها على مستوى المساحة التي تشغلها ، إلا أن ملامح المدينة الأصلية (القديمة) في إطارها المساحي وبنمط بنائها التقلدي قد تغير في ضوء النمو الحضري وتقدمه العمراني الذي واكب تطور المدينة واحتياجاتها السكنية والخدمية المتزايدة .ومنذ أن أخذت المدينة تستقطب السكان للعيش فيها بعد وضع الخطط والمشاريع التنموية ، شهدت نموا عمرانياً وتوسعاً مساحياً شمل جميع محلاتها السكنية ومناطقها العمرانية الأخرى ، وهذا يعد من بين أبرز العوامل المؤثرة التي ساهمت في توسع المدينة وامتداداتها.وهذا بدءاً من القرن العشرين وتحديداً بعد سنة(1957) حيث التغيرات والتعديلات الادارية والموضعية للمحلات السكنية فيها ، إذ امتدت أذرع النمو الحضري المتتابع من نواتها زحفاً باتجاه أطرافها لتنتشر على مساحة تبلغ(2981)هكتارا سنة 2017 بعد أن كانت(107,1)هكتاراً سنة 1957، مما أفضى عن ذلك تزايد أعداد المحلات السكنية من(6)محلات سكنية سنة 1957 إلى(90) محلة سكنية سنة 2017  . يهدف البحث تتبع اتجاهات النمو الحضري المتلاحقة وأثره على تغير الخريطة الادارية للمحلات السكنية وما وصلت إليه للمدة (1957-2017) ، في ضوء بيان عدد وحجم ونسب التغير للمحلات العمرانية سكانيا ومساحيا وعمرانياً وتوزيعهم المكاني ومعدلات نموها والبعد المسافي والمساحي للحراك المكاني لها وتحديد نقاط الارتكاز المكانية ومركز الثقل السكاني وتغيراته خلال سنوات التعداد المعتمدة ، بغية التعرف على اتجاهات النمو الحضري لتلك المحلات التي خضعت لها مدينة الناصرية وتقسيماتها بحسب المحلات في مدة الدارسة ، ومعالجة الافرازات السلبية والعجز المكاني غير المنظم والنمو غير المتوازن ، لرسم سياسة تخطيطية معيارية جديدة ومدروسة لغرض تحديد ورسم الخريطة العمرانية للمحلات السكنية في مدينة الناصرية ومسارها ،في ضوء التقسيمات المقترحة .
    أظهرت نتائج البحث أهمية النمو الحضري في التغيرات الادارية للمدينة والموضعية للمحلات السكنية اندماجا ونموا جديداً فيما بين وحداتها المكانية ، وأظهر البحث عدم توافق المعايير التخطيطية مع مؤشرات المحلات السكنية في مدينة الناصرية ، وأن النمو الحضري للمدينة وتوسعها المساحي يرتبط بجملة محددات داخلية وخارجية ، مما نتج عنها عدم توسع بعضها إلى جهات معينة أو عدم إمكانية دمجها مع بعضها أو امتدادها لجهات أخرى وبذلك نجد أن أغلب تلك المحلات ظهر شكلها هندسياً منتظماً أو قريبا منه ، ولاسيما المحلات التي ظهرت في المدد الزمنية الأولى من عمر المدينة ، فضلا عن محددات الاستعمالات الضاغطة على النمو العمراني بحسب تلك المتغيرات في اطرافها وتاثيرها في عدم توسعها الى جهات أخرى،أوعدم إمكانية دمج بعض المحلات مع بعضها او امتداداتها ، وخلق اشكالاً هندسية منتظمة لأغلب المحلات السكنية .
قياس العلاقة بين أسعار النفط الخام والعجز في الموازنة العامة للعراق للمدة 2003 - 2016
Authors: خالد شهيب رشا , راضي جعفر محمد , سلام كشكول عادل
Published: April 2023

يعد النفط الخام من السلع الاستراتيجية والمهمة في ميزان سوق التبادل الدولي  لما تتمتع به من مزايا كثيرة باعتبارها مصدراً مهماً للطاقة ومن ناحية  يعد النفط الخام المصدر الرئيسي في تمويل الموازنة العامة للعراق ومشكلة البحث ال>ي نحن بصددها هو احادية الاقتصاد العراقي باعتماده على مورد مالي واحد وهو ايرادات القطاع النفطي . ينطلق البحث من فرضية مفادها هناك علاق مباشرة بين اسعار النفط الخام والموازنة العامة للدولة .تأتي اهمية البحث من كون موضوع الدراسة يهتم بقطاع حيوي على المستوى الدولي باعتبار النفط الخام احد اهم السلع المتداولة عالمياً ومحلياً باعتبار الاقتصاد العراقي يعتمد بشكل مباشر على النفط الخام في تمويل نفقاته العامة . اعتمد الباحثين على المنهجين هما المنهج التحليلي والمنهج الكمي في تحديد هيكلية البحث العلمي امتدت حدود البحث للمدة (2003- 2016)  توصل البحث الى جملة من النتائج والتوصيات اهمها :-

هناك علاقة مباشرة بين اسعار النفط الخام والعجز او الفائض في الموازنة العامة للعراق.
ضرورة تبني سياسة التنويع الاقتصادي من اجل الخروج من مشكلة احادية الاقتصاد العراقي .
الواقع الافتراضي المُتحقق عبر التقنية الالكترونية وفعلهما التدميري في الذهنية العربية دراسة من منظور النقد الثقافي
Authors: جري جاسم النداوي محمد
Published: April 2023

لقد أصبح الواقع الافتراضي المتحقق بفعل العولمة التي انتجتها القوى الكولونيالية بمساعدة وسائلها المتعددة التي اهمها التقنية الالكترونية لاسيما مواقع التواصل والميديا، واقعاً وحقيقة لا يمكن انكارها أو التغاضي عنها بأي شكل من الاشكال، لها عمقاً واتساعاً جعل منها حياة افتراضية لها القدرة على اشباع حاجات الفرد والجماعة، كونها قد تمكنت من تلبية طموحاته المحدودة ولو بشكل مؤقت أو افتراضي، فتكوينها المرئي يقوم على اسلوب التعبيرات الصورية المرئية، التي مكنتها من تصوير واقعاً افتراضياً موازياً للواقع المعيش بكل تفاصيله وحيثياته، ومن هنا تكمن خطورتها ويتحدد فعلها التدميري للفرد والجماعة، وكما سيتم بيانه في مفاصل هذه الدراسة التي اقتضت تسليط الضوء على ذلك كله من خلال ثلاثة مباحث، تناول المبحث الأول (ثقافة الصورة)، والمبحث الثاني تخصص في (الرموز التدميرية البديلة)، في حين تضمن المبحث الثالث (الفضاء الافتراضي المُدرَك).
تأثير برنامج تدريبي مقترح لتطوير اللياقة البدنية والمدركات الحسية للاعبات المنتخب الوطني في المبارزة
Authors: زكي محمد وسام
Published: April 2023

هدف البحث الى التعرف على تأثير برنامج تدريبي مقترح لتطوير اللياقة البدنية والمدركات الحسية للاعبات المنتخب الوطني في المبارزة ، لتحقيق ذلك تكونت عينة الدراسة من (16) لاعبة ، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي بأسلوب القياسيين القبلي والبعدي لمجموعة واحدة، للتعرف على مدى تأثير برنامج  اللياقة البدنية على تحسين بعض متغيرات الإدراك الحس حركي (حيث اظهرت الإحساس بالقوة العضلية للقبضة، الإحساس بالزمن، الإحساس بالمسافة). أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود أثر فعال للبرنامج المستخدم على تحسين مستوى اللياقة البدنية لدى اللاعبات وكذلك تحسين مستوى متغيرات الإدراك الحس حركي لديهن، كما أظهرت النتائج انخفاض الخطأ في التقدير لهذه المتغيرات لدى أفراد عينة الدراسة. وأوصى الباحث بضرورة التأكيد على أهمية اللياقة البدنية قبل البدء بتعليم المهارات الحركية واستخدام البرنامج المقترح لتطوير اللياقة البدنية ومتغيرات الإدراك الحس حركي  لدى اللاعبات في المنتخب الوطني .
وسائل حماية التجارة الالكترونية من مخاطر الهجمات السيبرانيه
Authors: عطا حسين احمد
Published: April 2023

يشهد العالم في الوقت الحاضر تطورا هائلا في وسائل الاتصالات الالكترونية الحديثة ، واضحى استخدام الانترنت في مجالات عديدة من مجالات الحياة ضرورة ملحة لا يمكن الاستغناء عنها ، ومن بين الجوانب الاقتصادية التي يُستخدم بواسطتها الانترنت ممارسة التجارة الالكترونية على نطاق واسع من العالم ، واصبحت التجارة الالكترونية تشكل احد الروافد الاقتصادية المهمة التي ترفد دول العالم بموارد مالية لا يمكن الاستغناء عنها ، وبالرغم من الجوانب الايجابية للتجارة الالكترونية على الاقتصاد العالمي الا ان هناك بعض الجوانب السلبية التي تعاني منها ، و تتمثل تلك الجوانب بالهجمات السيبرانيه التي يمكن ان تؤثر على تلك التجارة من نواح عدة ، وبالرغم من سن التشريعات القانونية اللازمة في معظم الدول التي تكفل تنظيم التجارة الالكترونية على الوجه المطلوب الا انها تعاني من نقص واضح في توفير الوسائل اللازمة لحمايتها من مخاطر الهجمات السيبرانية ، ولغرض بيان تلك الوسائل قسُم البحث على مبحثين تتبعهما خاتمة تتضمن اهم التوصيات والنتائج التــــــي توصـــــل اليهـــا البــاحث .
تحليل وقياس اثر الانفاق الحكومي على بعض مؤشرات قطاع التربية والتعليم في العراق للمدة (2004- 2020)
Authors: سليم كاظم العتابي سامر , عبد الله سلمان الوائلي احمد
Published: April 2023

يهدف البحث الى بيان أهمية الانفاق الحكومي واثرة على  قطاع التربية و التعليم في العراق ، مع بيان الدور الذي يلعبه القطاع بعد زيادة الانفاق الحكومي عليه ومدى تحقيق الأهداف المستقبلية في جميع الجوانب الاقتصادية والاجتماعية ، واعتباره الأداة الرئيسة للنهوض بالواقع والمستقبل، فضلا عن تحليل علاقة الانفاق الحكومي على التربية و التعليم ودورها بمؤشرات القطاع في العراق، وتم التوصل الى ان الانفاق الحكومي على التعليم في العراق استمرت بالتزايد إلا ان الحكومة العراقية خصصت نسبة متدنية لهذا  القطاع في موازنتها العامة اسوه بباقي القطاعات، إذ لم تتجاوز نسبة الانفاق الحكومي على قطاع التربية و التعليم (14.02) إلى إجمالي الإنفاق الحكومي خلال مدة الدراسة في العراق . وكذلك إبراز أثر الانفاق الحكومي على قطاع التربية و التعليم في العراق خلال المدة (2004-2020) باستعمال ( اختبارات الاعتدالية ومشكلة الارتباط الذاتي وتحليل التباين ) حيث أشارت اختبارات المفاضلة ضرورة الاعتماد على نموذج (انحدار بسيط) .
تحليل واقع التحرر المالي في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (2004-2019)
Authors: حسين عبدالعالي مصطفى , باقر علوش جعفر
Published: April 2023

تحول اتجاه دول العالم نحو تبني سياسة التحرر المالي، اذ اتجهت العديد من الدول نحو التأكيد على الاصلاحات في القطاع المالي والمصرفي، وفي ظل هذا التوجه فأن المنافسة تعد شرط للكفاءة، ولا تتحقق المنافسة مالم ترفع القيود عن دخول مصارف ومؤسسات مالية جديدة للسوق، بما في ذلك مصارف اجنبية وكذلك تغيير التشريعات واللوائح التنظيمية للتراخيص بما يضمن ذلك. وتهتم هذا الدراسة بتحليل واقع مؤشرات التحرر المالي في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (2004-2019), اذ يتضمن هذا البحث على أربع متغيرات رئيسة للتحرر المالي في العراق وهي: تحرير سعر الفائدة، وتخفيض الاحتياطي القانوني، وحرية دخول المصارف الأجنبية الى العراق، والغاء ضوابط الائتمان خلال مدة الدراسة، اذ بدأت عملية التحرر المالي في العراق في عام 2004، بعد صدور القانون الجديد للبنك المركزي العراقي رقم (94) لسنة 2004 . ومنذ ذلك الحين نفذت اجراءات التحرر المالي لتوسيع وتعميق النظام المالي، بهدف زيادة المنافسة وتحسين كفاءة القطاع المالي والحفاظ على استقرار النظام المالي العراقي . ومن المتوقع أن تستكمل جميع أدوات السياسة العامة هذه بعضها البعض في تحقيق الأهداف العامة للمنافسة والكفاءة، وسلامة أداء النظام المالي وأسواق رأس المال، وتحقيق الاستقرار في القطاع المالي في العراق.
Can woody biomass-based energy production be promoted among US forest landowners prioritizing forest beauty and biodiversity conservation?
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang , Quang-Loc Nguyen , Jin Ruining , Minh Nguyen Phuong , Van Quy Khuc , Nguyen Minh_Hieu Thi , Nguyen Loan , Le Tam-Tri , Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: April 2023

Woody biomass-based energy is expected to be an alternative to fossil fuels due to its quick replenishment and lower emissions of pollutants. However, landowners, environmental organizations, and environmentalists are worried about the detrimental impacts of wood pellet production on the environment, preventing the expansion of biomass feedstocks. Thus, the current study aims to examine how the forest landowners’ prioritization of forest beauty and biodiversity conservation affects their future involvement in selling woody resources to make biofuel products. The Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics was used on a sample of 707 forest landowners in the United States. It is discovered that for landowners prioritizing the enjoyment of scenery/beauty and protection of wildlife habitats, higher perceived benefits of the use of wood for energy (i.e., the natural forest regeneration and conservation of habitats) increase the likelihood to sell woody resources for bioenergy production in the upcoming five years. On the contrary, if landowners do not prioritize scenery/beauty and the protection of wildlife habitats, their higher perceived benefits of using wood for energy reduce the likelihood of being involved in biomass-based energy production. It is suggested that the landowners’ intention to involve in biomass-based energy production is complexly influenced by their priorities and perceived environmental impacts of bioenergy based on their ideological and political beliefs. Thus, the policies that aim to increase the supply of woody-based biomass energy should be adaptively designed to fit specific types of landowners.
Differential expression of NDN in cancer of the cervix.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2023

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (1-3); the transcriptional features that distinguish the gene expression programs of HPV-induced cancers from that of cancers resulting from non-viral abrogation of tumor suppression remain incompletely defined. We mined published microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the most common type of cervical cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding necdin, MAGE family member, NDN, when comparing tumor tissue from the human cervix to the tissue of origin. NDN mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the cervix as compared to normal tissues from the cervix. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NDN in tumors of the cervix was correlated with overall survival in patients with cervical cancer. NDN expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of cancer of the cervix in humans.
The Reliability of the Serial Reaction Time task: Meta-Analysis of Test–Retest Correlations
Authors: Oliveira Catia Margarida , Hayiou-Thomas Marianna E. , Henderson Lisa
Published: April 2023

The Serial Reaction Time task, one of the most widely used tasks to index procedural memory, has been increasingly employed in individual differences research examining the role of procedural memory in language and other cognitive abilities. Yet, despite consistently producing robust procedural learning effects at the group level (i.e., faster responses to sequenced/probable trials versus random/improbable trials), these effects have recently been found to have poor reliability. In this meta-analysis (N datasets = 7), comprising 719 participants (M = 20.81, SD = 7.13), we confirm this “reliability paradox”. The overall retest reliability of the robust procedural learning effect elicited by the SRTT was found to be well below acceptable psychometric standards (r < .40). However, split-half reliability within a session is better, with an overall estimate of .68. There were no significant effects of sampling (participants’ age), methodology (number of trials, sequence type, inclusion of an interstimulus interval, version of the SRTT) and analytical decisions (whether all trials were included when computing the procedural learning scores; using difference scores, ratio scores, or random slopes as an index of learning). Future research will be better equipped to examine the influence of these factors on the reliability of the SRTT once reporting of the psychometric properties of experimental tasks becomes the norm instead of the exception. Thus, despite producing robust effects at the group-level, until we have a better understanding of the factors that improve the reliability of this task and/or have an improved understanding of how best to quantify retest reliability, using the SRTT for individual differences research should be done with caution.
Wage disparities across immigrant generations: Education, segregation, or differential pay?
Authors: Han JooHee , Hermansen Are Skeie
Published: April 2023

Immigrants and their native-born children often face considerable wage penalties relative to natives, but less is known about whether this inequality arises through differences in educational qualifications, unequal sorting across occupations, and establishments, or differential pay for the same work. Using linked employer–employee data from Norway, we ask (a) whether immigrant–native wage gaps reflect in differences in education, sorting, or within-job pay, (b) whether wage gaps differ by immigrant generation, and (c) whether wage gaps vary across different segments of the labor market. We find that immigrant–native wage inequality primarily reflects sorting into lower-paying jobs and wage gaps are considerably reduced across immigrant generations. When doing the same work for the same employer, immigrant-background workers, especially children of immigrants, earn similar wages to natives. Sorting into jobs seems more meritocratic for university graduates, professionals, and in the public sector, but within-job pay differentials are strikingly similar across market segments.
The Internal COVID-19 Database Registry: A Rural, Community Hospital’s Experience with the Pandemic
Authors: Assaad Mansur , Karki Apurwa
Published: April 2023

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light several long-term complications that may be challenging for clinicians to manage. Therefore, it is imperative for physicians to be able to identify patients at risk for infection and to understand the deleterious physiologic and clinical effects the virus can have on long-term lung function.

Methods:

The authors utilized the internal COVID-19 database registry at a rural, community hospital to identify the presence of pulmonary-specific conditions that may have predisposed the patient population to infection. Data were collected from 1,329 patients admitted to the hospital between March 2020 and November 2021. Data regarding patient demographics, vaccination status, baseline pulmonary conditions, and pulmonary function tests were collected. All statistical analysis was carried out in R statistical programming language (R Core Team, 2021).

Results:

The pulmonary condition that had the highest mortality rate (42.86%) was obesity hypoventilation syndrome; however, the total number of patients with this diagnosis was only 7. With regards to change in pulmonary function parameters following admission, the only variable that was found to be statistically significant was a decrease in DLCO (diffusing capacity) for patients who survived. Interestingly, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality among vaccinated patients.

Conclusions:

Although some confounding variables may exist, the registry database may prove clinically useful to help guide physicians in establishing disease patterns and better managing long-term complications from COVID-19. Additional variables of interest to measure may include new imaging findings of pulmonary fibrosis, development of pulmonary hypertension, and new oxygen requirements.
INSTRUMENTATION OF REGULATION IN THE ASPECT OF SNAIL BREEDING IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ON THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY
Authors: Yatsun Anastasia
Published: April 2023

The paper explores the current state of snail farming in Spain, which includes production technologies, markets and the economic impact of the snail business. It includes an in-depth analysis of the methods used to optimize snail production as well as the challenges, and clarifies the issues faced by snail farmers such as feed costs, regulations and competition. The article discusses the competitors in snail farms and products in Spain, and highlights the ways in which Snail Paradise Farm is using to combat the competition. This study dives into the world of snail farming in Spain and explores its potential as a rapidly growing industry. We examine various aspects of the industry, including the marketing and advertising techniques businesses use to promote snail products to the market and an analysis of government support. We also look at the economic and environmental benefits of the snail industry in Spain and areas for further research and innovative development. This study also provides a case study of a successful snail farming business - Snail Paradise - and explores the different methods used by farmers to promote their products and stand out from the competition. In addition, we analyze the different methods used to reduce feed costs, increase production efficiency and overcome common challenges faced by snail farmers. Our research also explores the various regulations and legislation that ensure the safety, quality and compliance of snail farming methods. We also look at the role of marketing and business promotion in the success of snail farming in Spain. Despite the significant potential of the snail industry in Spain, there are challenges that need to be addressed, including standardization, low demand and competition. But, with proper investment and support, the snail farming industry can become an important source of income for Spanish farms and businesses, as well as provide jobs and contribute to the national economy. Unfortunately, low demand and competition are serious challenges for the industry, which requires marketing and advertising measures. However, proper standardization and product quality assurance can help increase demand for snail products and ensure their positioning in the market. The study includes an analysis of not only snail farming methods, but also their processing and use in the food and medical industries. The paper concludes with an overview of the potential economic and environmental benefits of the snail industry in Spain and areas for further research and innovation. This can serve as a basis for the development of new areas of snail cultivation and utilization, which has the potential to contribute to the creation of new jobs and the development of innovative technologies. To summarize, this study has great potential for the development of the snail farming industry in.
FINANCIAL SECURITY AS A STRATEGIC COMPONENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Voitsekhivska Svitlana
Published: April 2023

Today's economic reality convincingly shows that the pace, prospects and general vector of socio-economic progress of domestic economies is largely subordinated to the state of formation of the country's economic security, in the general system of which the financial component plays a key role.

The state of the national financial sector is becoming more and more difficult to control, due to the rather rapid change in the market situation in the world financial markets and the interconnected system of economic relations in the general structure of the world economy.

Today, the financial potential of the state depends on the amount of financial resources, which are quite limited. The limitation and insufficiency of financial resources is the main reason for the increase in the amount of state internal and external debt, the growth of the inflation rate, and the development of the shadow economy. To solve these problems, it is necessary to develop balanced measures of state regulation, which should be aimed at strengthening the country's financial security.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of the concept of "financial security" and determine its place in the system of national and economic security of Ukraine. Conducting an analysis of internal and external threats to economic and financial security, its main indicators, and based on the results, provide recommendations on directions for their improvement and strengthening.

The article is devoted to the study of the essence and problems of ensuring the financial and economic security of the state. The theoretical foundations of the concept of "financial security" are substantiated. The essence of the concept of "financial security" as the main component of economic security is considered and its place in the general hierarchy of national security is argued, the constituent elements of financial security are established. The author's vision of the essence of the structural elements of financial security is highlighted. A comparative analysis of external and internal threats to economic and financial security was carried out. The concepts of "financial security" and "economic security" are closely related, but not identical. The main and most dangerous threats to the economic (financial) security of Ukraine are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the indicators of financial and economic security with their threshold values was carried out, and directions for improving the financial security system were proposed based on the detected deviations.

The selected research topic is quite promising and is subject to further disclosure when studying the financial security system and its interaction with other components of the national security of Ukraine
Justification and calculation of design and strength parameters of screw loaders
Authors: Klendii Mykola , Logusch Ivan , Dragan Andrii , Tsvartazkii Igor , Grabar Andrii
Published: April 2023

Existing designs of screw working bodies of transport and processing machines cannot always provide the required performance and avoid overloading, which causes deformation and damage to parts of the mechanisms. Thus, it is necessary to establish new efficient screw working bodies that would ensure the execution of the technological process. The purpose of the study was to substantiate and explore the design and methodology for calculating the main structural-power parameters of the developed screw loader, to synthesise screw loaders using the method of morphological analysis to obtain designs of mechanisms with better technical and economic characteristics. The methods of surface theory, analytical and differential geometry, computer graphics and mathematics were used to conduct the research. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the designs of screw conveyors with hopper loading and screw conveyors with nozzle loading are presented. In addition, a classification of loaders for screw transport and technological mechanisms is presented. The dependencies for calculating the design of screw conveyor loaders are determined. The synthesis of loaders and mixers by the method of morphological analysis was performed to obtain designs of mechanisms with the best technical and economic characteristics and competitive designs of mechanisms were established. A system of coding and synthesis of structural elements and mechanisms of screw implements with improved technological properties is proposed, and competitive designs of screw implement that perform technological processes efficiently and effectively are selected. A methodology for calculating the main structural and power parameters of a screw loader has been developed, which allows for determining the parameters of a screw loader. The materials of the research can be used in further studies of screw conveyors and, in particular, screw loaders to determine their design, technological, energy and power parameters
„Sprawiedliwy ginie, a nikt się tym nie przejmuje” (Iz 57,1a) – obraz judejskiej elity w inwektywach Trito-Izajasza (Iz 56–57). Kryzys przywództwa w prowincji Jehud w połowie V wieku przed Chr.
Authors: Zawadzki Arnold
Published: April 2023

Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie przedstawienie pięciu obrazów (Iz 56,1-8; 56,9-12; 57,1-2; 57,3-13; 57,14-21), ilustrujących sytuację społeczeństwa Yehud i jej elity w przeddzień reform Nehemiasza. On sam przedstawiony jako cudzoziemiec/eunuch, nieufny i unikający oskarżeń o naruszenie Prawa Mojżeszowego, zostaje pozytywnie przyjęty i uwiarygodniony przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Jednocześnie zostaje przedstawiony obraz wyjątkowo trudnej sytuacji, w której Nehemiaszowi przyszło działać. I choć na podstawie Iz 56-57 trudno powiedzieć, czy cała wspólnota Yehud jest skorumpowana, to jednak duża jej część uległa znieczulicy moralnej, duchowemu otępieniu, pijaństwu, prostytucji i bałwochwalczym praktykom (składanie dzieci w ofiarach, nierząd sakralny, kult Molocha). Jednak pośród ogromu zła — już od pierwszych wersetów Iz 56 — rozbłyska wielkie światło nadziei: powołanie eunucha/cudzoziemca, próba przełamania jego nieufności i uwiarygodnienie misji, która zostanie jasno ukazana w Iz 58, są początkiem reformatorskiego nurtu, popieranego przez środowisko prorockie Trito-Izajasza. Ponadto artykuł zwraca uwagę na użycie w Iz 56-57 stylu variatio, wymagającego od czytelnika podjęcia trudu intelektualnej refleksji, by przedstawione obrazy połączyć w jeden spójny obraz, uzupełniając szereg niedomówień i elips.
Development of the CYCLOPS CubeSat payload
Authors: Sotnikova Natalia V. , Kadadova Anastasia V. , Utkin Vladislav V. , Kadochnikov Danila M.
Published: April 2023

The number of CubeSat satellites launched has been increasing over the past decades. These satellites have a number of advantages: short development time, low cost, possibility of modifications for certain scientific tasks and testing of technical solutions and new developments. This article describes payloads of a small spacecraft: CubeSat 3U CYCLOPS designed by D.F.Ustinov Baltic State Technical University "Voenmeh within grant under Space-Pi program. The purpose of the study: is to create, test and study the performance of payload modules of the vehicle, built using commercially available components, under space flight conditions. The text describes the structure of interaction between the payload and the OrbCraft-Pro 3U platform from Sputnix LLC. The process of development of payload control board is considered. The control system software for mechatronic and multi axis actuator modules with logging and error correction is described. Ln addition to the above-mentioned modules, the payload control system was also developed to carry out a series of experiments in die presence of a small spacecraft in orbit. The paper explains how the spacecraft communicates with the ground via special software Houston control application and Houston Telnet. The results describe tests performed on the mechanical components of the spacecraft. Examples of telemetry packets received from on-board the spacecraft are given. The article also reflects further plans for the project and the prospects of using the developed hardware for implementation in large-scale space systems and complexes. Also as part of the project students were able to gain engineering experience in the development of devices designed to work in space conditions.
Design of a thermal control system with a two-phase coolant for a spacecraft with a capacity of 7 kW
Authors: Shilkin Oleg V. , Kolesnikov Anatoliy P. , Delkov Aleksandr V. , Kishkin Aleksandr A. , Shevchenko Yulia N.
Published: April 2023

This article presents a methodological approach to designing a spacecraft thermal control system with coolant pumping with a cooling capacity of up to 7.0 kW. Two design options are considered. There is no airtight instrument container in the spacecraft layout scheme, and all heat-generating equipment is located directly on the power structure panels, so excess heat is removed from the spacecraft directly from the outside of the instrument panels.
With all the attractiveness of a two-phase circuit with a heat pipe circuit, its use in automatic spacecraft is complicated by the need to supply concentrated heat to the capillary evaporator of the circuit. To do this, it is necessary to collect heat from a large surface of the structure, on which a large number of heat sources are installed.
A schematic solution of the thermal control system is considered, in which the thermal power of the payload module is distributed between the panel of the service systems module and deployable radiators. At the same time, in the first version, the heat pipes of the payload module are connected to the heat pipes of the service systems module along the profile shelves, the contour heat pipes of the deployable radiator are connected only to the heat pipes of the service systems module. Ums, the heat load of the payload module is transferred to the heat pipes of the service systems module and then to the loop heat pipes.
The second option differs from the first one in that to equalize the temperatures of the panels of the payload module, each heat pipe of the North panel is connected to the heat pipes of the South panel.
From the results of a comparative analysis of the mass budget and energy efficiency, the conclusion follows: the DFC with capillary pumping is the most preferable option 2. which, with the same other characteristics, has a smaller mass. The specific mass-energy: characteristic of such a system is ~22.9 kg/kW.
Erosion coefficient of electrocontact processing of metals by a vibrating electrode-tool in electrolyte
Authors: Shestakov Ivan Y. , Shestakov Vladislav I. , Remizov Igor A.
Published: April 2023

Technological indicators of electrocontact processing of metals with a vibrating electrode-tool in an electrolyte have been studied quite fully. Knowledge of the erosion coefficient of this processing method will allow us to evaluate the performance of electrocontact processing in advance, at the stage of technological preparation of production.
The article presents the methodology of the experiment, describes the installation based on a linear electrodynamic motor, which allows you to create a vibration of the electrode-tool and electrolyte flow in the interelectrode gap. The results of experimental studies are shown in the form of a graph of the dependence of the metal erosion coefficient on the water velocity in the interelectrode gap at various current densities. Based on the results and previous studies, it was assumed that the erosion coefficient depends in direct proportion to the voltage in the interelectrode gap and inversely proportional to the volumetric heat capacity of the metal and its melting temperature. Based on the theory of electrical contacts and taking into account the features of electrocontact processing in the electrolyte, the definition of voltage in the contact zone has been refined. The theoretical value of the erosion coefficient exceeds the experimental value by two or more times.
Ground control system for distant space vehicles
Authors: Zhukov Aleksandr O. , Ivanov Konstantin A. , Bondareva Marina K. , Bondarev Maxim N. , Gorovoy Dmitry S.
Published: April 2023

The demand for research of a promising ground-based long-range spacecraft control complex, which has great capabilities not only in the control of deep space vehicles, but also in carrying out fundamental and applied radio astronomical research. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the requirements to the radio complex, which must be fulfilled to realize the possibility of several directions of scientific research and, first of all: planetary radiolocation: interferometry with ultra-long baselines; radio-reflecting; radioastronomy. Based on the analysis of the state of the ground control system of deep spacecraft, the directions of its development on the basis of modernization of existing facilities are revealed, and the prospects for the use of new technologies for the development of deep space on flight paths to the Moon, Mars, other celestial bodies of the solar system, the objects of alien and interplanetary infrastructure are shown.