bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESSENCE AND PECULIARITIES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Vinnytsia Institute of University ", Shved Vadym ,   Ukraine", Omelchenko Olena ,   Vinnytsia Institute of University "Ukraine", Taran Oksana ,   Vinnytsia Institute of University "Ukraine"
Published: March 2024

The relevance of this article lies in the in-depth analysis of the role of entrepreneurship in the Ukrainian economy, especially in the context of martial law, which imposes unique challenges and opportunities for the development and functioning of the state. The author focuses on the historical aspects of entrepreneurship in Ukraine, highlighting both its roots and current trends. It is important to analyze the key theoretical foundations of entrepreneurship, including consideration of various schools and trends that have shaped the understanding of entrepreneurship as an economic and social phenomenon. The author compares the essence of entrepreneurship in terms of Ukrainian legislation and the views of modern scholars, drawing attention to the differences and commonalities in their interpretations. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of entrepreneurs in the economy, including their ability to innovate and implement risky strategies. The peculiarities of the legal and regulatory environment in Ukraine are considered, as well as how it affects entrepreneurial activity, especially under martial law. he article also explores the various functions of entrepreneurial activity, taking into account the pluralism of views on their essence and classification. The author examines the resource, organizational, creative (innovative), stimulating (motivational), social, personal, managerial, and protective functions of entrepreneurship. Macroeconomic and microeconomic functions are analyzed separately, illustrating the impact of entrepreneurship on different levels of the economy. The article presents the principles on which entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine is based, according to the Commercial Code of Ukraine, as well as those that logically follow from the essence of economic activity. The author describes business entities, including individuals and legal entities, and their classification. Particular attention is paid to the objects of entrepreneurship and approaches to determining their essence. Finally, the author analyzes the business environment, considering its diversity and global economic trends. The author emphasizes the need to adapt modern approaches to entrepreneurship in the dynamically changing Ukrainian economy, with a special focus on innovation and flexibility.
Periodismo de frontera en América Latina. Violencias y desigualdades múltiples
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, del Palacio Montiel Celia
Published: March 2024

En esta obra se aborda la situación de violencia y desigualdad que enfrentan los periodistas en América Latina, centrándose en el caso de México por ser este el país donde se han asesinado a un mayor número de comunicadores en los últimos 22 años. El enfoque que se dirige hacia los periodistas de frontera, aquellos que trabajan en los márgenes físicos, políticos, económicos, culturales y tecnológicos de un territorio, y cuya condición no puede entenderse únicamente como un reflejo de lo que ocurre a nivel nacional o internacional, ya que presentan características propias y particularidades que los modelos existentes no logran explicar.Además, se explora el contexto histórico y político en el que los periodistas han ejercido su labor, incluyendo las transiciones democráticas y los regímenes autoritarios, y se destaca el impacto de la guerra contra el narcotráfico en la violencia ejercida hacia ellos en México. La autora enfatiza en la necesidad de adoptar nuevos marcos de análisis para comprender la situación de los periodistas de frontera, tomando en cuenta los márgenes del estado, la esfera pública a nivel microlocal y la capacidad que tienen para enfrentar la crisis,
América Latina en discusión. Una apuesta por metodologías horizontales
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Hammerschmidt Claudia , Anapios Luciana , Tomadoni Claudia , Oliveira de Souza Fernanda , Espul Sofía
Published: March 2024

En junio de 2022, la sede Cono Sur y Brasil del Centro Maria Sibylla Merian de Estudios Latinoamericanos Avanzados en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (CALAS) convocó a estudiantes e investigadores jóvenes al congreso internacional “América Latina en discusión. Taller teórico-metodológico sobre perspectivas comparadas en ciencias sociales y humanidades". Este libro es el resultado de los diálogos y aportaciones que surgieron de este congreso, donde se analizaron cuestiones como la identidad latinoamericana, la geopolítica regional, la violencia, la diversidad y revitalización cultural, las políticas públicas y la accesibilidad urbana. El contenido se divide en tres secciones temáticas: horizontalidad y metodologías dialógicas, multiescalaridad como estrategia metodológica, e inter/transdisciplinariedad como desafío metodológico. Cada sección presenta una colección de ensayos que exploran estos temas desde enfoques interdisciplinarios y a través de escalas diversas. Este compendio es una contribución valiosa al diálogo interdisciplinario y a la comprensión de la complejidad de América Latina en el siglo XXI. Ofrece una perspectiva fresca y enriquecedora sobre la región, brindando a los lectores nuevas ideas y enfoques para abordar los desafíos y oportunidades que se presentan en este contexto diverso y en constante cambio.
PELAYANAN PUBLIK BERBASIS HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM) BAGI WARGA BINAAN PEMASYARAKATAN DI RUMAH TAHANAN NEGARA KELAS II KEFAMENANU
Authors: Bulla Demris , Pala Aplonia , Agustian Dimas
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, menganalisa pelayanan publik berbasis Hak Asasi Manusia bagi Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan di Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas IIB Kefamenanu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indikator kemudahan pelayanan yakni terdapat SOP turunan yang dipakai seluruh Rutan/Lapas, terdapat kemudahan akses mendapatkan pelayanan serta adanya fasilitas penunjang pelayanan bagi seluruh WBP baik itu yang normal maupun bagi mereka yang termasuk dalam kelompok rentan serta kaum difabel. Indikator Pelayanan yang wajar sudah diterapakan dengan optimal dibuktikan dengan senyum sapa dan salam yang selalu diberikan petugas. Indikator perlakuan yang sama terbukti dari pelayanan yang diberikan tanpa memilihdan memilah latar belakang usia, status dan golongan, penyediaan tempat ibadah untuk seluruh umat beragama sebagai jaminan untuk masyarakat dapat beribadat menurut keyakinannya, serta indikator pelayanan yang jujur berupa kesedian petugas untuk dikritik dengan adanya layanan pengaduan yang disediakan sebagai bentuk transparansi dalam pelayanan, kerja sama dengan Pemerintah Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan merupakan upaya untuk menjamin hak dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang layak. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa sudah diterapkanya prinsip kesamaan hak, non diskriminasi serta tanggung jawab negara dalam menyelenggarakan pelayanan publik bagi WBP di Rutan Kelaas IIB Kefamenanu.
Factors Associated with Nurses’ Intention to Leave in Saudi Arabia: A Literature Review
Authors: Alqahtani Ohoud Nasser , Alenazi Maram Ayed , Alanazi Wafa Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

The nursing workforce represents a critical component of the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, which is facing significant challenges related to retention and job satisfaction. High turnover rates among nurses not only compromise patient care quality but also place additional strain on the healthcare system. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with nurses' intention to leave their positions in Saudi Arabia, providing insights into the underlying causes of nursing turnover and suggesting potential strategies for retention. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, examining peer-reviewed articles, official reports, and relevant studies up to December 2023. The review focused on empirical research that specifically addressed the factors influencing nurses' intention to leave, including work environment, job satisfaction, leadership styles, recognition, societal norms, workload, opportunities for growth, work-life balance, and technological advancements. Quality assessment was performed using established checklists to ensure the reliability and validity of included studies. In this review, 28 quantitative studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The findings revealed moderate levels of job satisfaction among nurses and a corresponding moderate intention to leave their current positions. Key factors influencing these outcomes included income level, nationality, work-life balance, and opportunities for professional development. Notably, a significant inverse relationship was observed between job satisfaction and the intention to leave, highlighting the importance of addressing these factors to enhance retention. Addressing nurses' intention to leave requires a multifaceted approach, focusing on improving work conditions, offering competitive rewards and recognition, fostering positive leadership and organizational culture, and providing opportunities for professional growth and work-life balance. Implementing targeted strategies that address these factors is essential for enhancing nurse retention, improving job satisfaction, and ensuring the provision of high-quality patient care in the healthcare sector of Saudi Arabia.
Kepatuhan Perawat Melaksanakan Hand Hygiene
Authors: Sahril Wijayanti , Andi Mappanganro  , Ernasari Ernasari
Published: March 2024

Nosocomial infections are a major problem faced by hospitals and are still quite high in Indonesia. Failure to maintain proper hand hygiene is a major cause of nosocomial infections. Nurses as a central position are very influential on the risk of spreading nosocomial infections because nurses are officers who often make direct contact with patients and must comply with hand hygiene practices. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitude, motivation, length of work and emotional intelligence on the compliance of nurses in carrying out hand hygiene in Labuang Baji Hospital. The research design used in this study was an analytical observational research design using a cross sectional approach. The determination of the sample is done by total sampling technique with a sample size of 47 people. The relationship test was carried out using the Chi-square statistical test with a significance level of < 0.05. The results showed that there was a relationship between motivation and nurse compliance in carrying out hand hygiene (ρ-value 0.036). Meanwhile knowledge with compliance (ρ-value 0.635), attitude with compliance (ρ-value 0.404), length of work with compliance (ρ-value 0.317) and emotional intelligence with compliance (ρ-value 1.000) had no relationship with nurses' compliance in carrying out hand hygiene. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between motivation and nurses' compliance in carrying out hand hygiene. While the variables of knowledge, attitude, length of work and emotional intelligence have no relationship with nurses' compliance in carrying out hand hygiene at Labuang Baji Hospital. Suggestion that nurses need to be given an understanding of the importance of hand hygiene so that they carry out hand hygiene.
Terapi Okupasi pada Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Nurfadillah  , Samsualam Samsualam , Padhila Nur Ilah , Alam Rizqy Iftitah
Published: March 2024

In general, every child has different abilities in reaching the stages of motor development, especially fine motor skills. However, not infrequently there are delays or disturbances in its development. Optimal occupational therapy is expected to have an important influence on delays in fine motor development in children. This study aims to determine the effect of occupational therapy on fine motor development in children with special needs in SLB Negeri 1 Makassar. This research is a quantitative research with the type of pre-experimental design research using a one group pretest-posttest research design. The determination of the sample using purposive random sampling method in accordance with predetermined criteria with a sample of 32 respondents. This study used a paired sample t-test statistic with a significance level (ρ < 0.05). From the results of research that has been done, it was found that occupational therapy had an effect on fine motor development ( = 0.001). Based on the results of the study, it showed that there was an effect of occupational therapy on fine motor development in children with special needs in SLB Negeri 1 Makassar. It is recommended that parents who have children with special needs provide occupational therapy independently and continuously or take children to therapists to improve fine motor development in children.
Parametric Optimization of a Reactive Distillation Column for the Ethyl Tert-Butyl Ether Production
Authors: García Serpas Carlos , Samborskaya Marina , Mityanina Olga
Published: March 2024

Combined processes in chemical industry are of current increasing interest, since they present a feasible solution for capital and operating expenses optimization. Multiplicities, which are specific to combined processes, cause certain control and design difficulties, thus, parametric sensitivity analysis and defining the range of existing multiplicities are the necessary part of the sustainable design and development of the combined process. Parametric and design optimization is the way of decreasing capital and operational costs. The paper discusses optimization of the design and operating parameters of an ethyl-tert-butyl ether synthesis reactive distillation column. The research aims to perform a parametric sensitivity analysis and explore existent multiple steady states of the process. The areas of multiple steady states are established, the optimal column design is developed, the optimal operation modes are determined. The procedure suggested in the study is universally applicable for design and optimization of other reactive distillation processes.
“A Checkbox on a Character Sheet”
Authors: Lacey Lauren
Published: March 2024

Gender representation is an oft-discussed topic in game studies literature, but “gender representation” tends to mean “female representation”. Many discussions of gender in game studies lack the nuance of queer gender identities that lay beyond a binary notion of gender. This literature review seeks to analyze the state of nonbinary gender representation in video games, looking at both characters and avatar creation screens, to find scholarship about queer gender identities, as well as games that are gender-inclusive. Ultimately, the video game industry has a long way to go to break beyond the binary of gender stereotypesthat it has become known for.
Colourization of Photographs as Remix
Authors: McMillan Kathryn
Published: March 2024

This paper seeks to explore the concept of colourization of black and white photographs as a form of reflexive remix. Colourized photographs call into question notions of the authentic and the “spectacular aura,” nostalgia, pastiche, and tradition. Such colourization is subject to controversy: some argue it honours the original photograph through its efforts to be historically accurate, while others argue it degrades the original. However, colourized photographs present a new expression worthy of consideration because they can capture experiences and emotions differently. In particular, the process of deconstruction and reconstruction through technologies such as artificial intelligence can create something unique that is perhaps missing from the original. As a remix, the colourization of black and white photographs makes the viewer question what they feel, how they perceive, and how they view history.
Winding Path
Authors: Hilton Mackenzie
Published: March 2024

Ergodic literature has a unique status as a literature, game, puzzle, and plaything. However, there is no scholarly consensus on the definition of ergodic literature. In this paper, building upon the views of various scholars, I argue that ergodic literature should not be defined by its specific elements, but rather by the unique experience ergodic works co-create with their participants. I analyze the role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons to demonstrate how its unique balance of formal, material, and efficient limitations create coercive mimeticism. It is this coercive mimeticism, I argue, that grants Dungeons & Dragons its status as ergodic; however, as we will see, not all ergodic works require coercive mimesis. I argue that the balance of formal, material, and efficient limitations takes different forms depending on the work and who engages with it. Consequently, there is no universal definition of ergodic literature and every ergodic work must be considered on a case-by-case basis.
EFFECTS OF DIGITAL GAME-BASED LEARNING IN STEM EDUCATION ON STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ilić Jelena , Ivanović Mirjana , Klašnja-Milićević Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

STEM education, which includes science, technology, engineering and mathematics, has been expanding for the past two decades. This study aimed to map new trends and the possibility of implementing digital game-based learning (DGBL) in STEM education. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was conducted. The resulting sample was further selected according to PRISMA guidelines, with screening and eligibility processes conducted based on the inclusion criteria defined concerning the research objective. This review consisted of twenty-eight studies. The findings revealed a growing interest in DGBL in STEM education from 2018 to 2023. Furthermore, most studies have focused on the K-12 education system and universities. According to the review, educational games for digital learning and simulation technology are the most promising tools used in research. The analysis is launched by studying the effects that influence the increase of student motivation in DGBL teaching STEM education. The findings support the conclusion that prior experience in gaming has a positive impact on increasing students' motivation to learn in DGBL STEM teaching. In addition, students' previous knowledge of a STEM subject increases engagement and motivation. Implementing educational computer games, therefore, showed a great interest in students in STEM education.
Keywords: digital game-based learning, students’ motivation, STEM education, systematic literature review
DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE TOURIST AND RECREATION COMPLEX AS A STRATEGIC DIRECTION OF THE TOURISM ECONOMY IN THE SYSTEM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: IVANOV ANDRII , REMZINA NATALIA , KOLINETS LESYA , KOLDOVSKIY ARTEM , ODNOLKO VIKTORIA
Published: March 2024

The article examines the importance of developing and effectively managing the tourist and recreational complex as a strategic direction in the tourism economy, considering the principles of sustainable development. The factors influencing the successful implementation of this strategy were analyzed, in particular, infrastructure, tourism potential, socio-cultural context and environmental aspects. The management principles of the tourist and recreational complex were studied, and critical strategic approaches to ensuring sustainable development were determined. Based on the received data, recommendations are proposed to ensure the increase in competitiveness and profitability of the tourism sector based on preserving environmental sustainability and cultural heritage. The importance of careful planning, coordination, and functional cooperation of all interested parties to successfully develop the tourism and recreation complex in the context of sustainable development has been proven.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Alleviates Inflammatory Response and Insulin Resistance in Pregnant Mice With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yuan J , Wang Y , Gao J , Zhang X , Xing J
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on insulin resistance in pregnant mice with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and the newly gestated were selected and injected with streptozotocin for GDM modeling. We demonstrated that the fasting insulin levels (FINS) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in serum and blood glucose level were significantly higher in GDM group than in normal control (NC) group. The low or high dose of EPA intervention reduced these levels, and the effect of high dose intervention was more significant. The area under the curve in GDM group was higher than that of NC group, and then gradually decreased after low or high dose of EPA treatment. The serum levels of TC, TG and LDL were increased in GDM group, while decreased in EPA group. GDM induced down-regulation of HDL level, and the low or high dose of EPA gradually increased this level. The levels of p-AKT2Ser, p-IRS-1Tyr, GLUT4, and ratios of pIRS-1Tyr/IRS-1 and pAKT2Ser/AKT2 in gastrocnemius muscle were reduced in GDM group, while low or high dose of EPA progressively increased these alterations. GDM enhanced TLR4, NF-κB p65, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in placental tissues, and these expressions were declined at different dose of EPA, and the decrease was greater at high dose. We concluded that EPA receded the release of inflammatory factors in the placental tissues by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 signaling, thereby alleviating the IR.
MISIR’DA İFLAS VE FİNANSAL KONTROL: İNGİLİZ-FRANSIZ REKABETİNDE CAISSE DE LA DETTE’NİN KURULUŞ SÜRECİ (1875-1876)
Authors: BAY Serdar
Published: March 2024

Mısır’da Nisan 1876’da Hidiv İsmail Paşa’nın temerrüde düştüğünü ilan etmesinin ardından 2 Mayıs’ta Fransa, İtalya ve Avusturya öncülüğünde dış borçların ödenmesi için Caisse de la Dette Publique adıyla uluslararası bir komisyon kuruldu. Daha öncesinde bu tarz bir kurum ilk olarak Tunus’ta dış borç ödemelerinin askıya alınmasının ardından, alacaklı devletlerin baskısıyla kurulan Uluslararası Finans Komisyonu adıyla 1868’de karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İngilizce literatürdeki karşılığı Commission of the Public Debt ya da Mısır’daki adıyla Caisse, kurulduğu andan itibaren ülkenin yönetiminde önemli bir kurum haline gelerek, Mısır’ın mali bağımsızlığına son vermiştir. Böylesi bir kurumun ortaya çıkmasında başta Hidiv İsmail Paşa’nın yanlış politikaları, alınan yüksek oranlı krediler ve İngiltere ile Fransa’nın Mısır üzerindeki nüfuz mücadelesi etkili olmuştur. Caisse gerek kurulurken gerekse kurulduktan sonra, Manş’ın iki yakasında büyük tartışmalara yol açmış, kuruluş aşamasında yer almayan İngiltere, 1877’e kadar komisyona delege göndermemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Hidiv’in Fransa ve İngiltere ile kredi görüşmelerinden sürecin Caisse’ye evrilişi, İngiltere’nin Mısır’ın iflasına göz yumarken Fransa’nın bu durumdan nasıl endişe ettiği başta İngiliz Ulusal Arşivi olmak üzere Fransız basınının önde gelen gazeteleri ışığında incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak Mısır’ı iflasa sürükleyen Hidiv’in borçlanma arzusu incelenmiş, ardından İngiltere ve Fransa’nın Mısır’ın iflasına yaklaşımları ile Caisse’nin kuruluşu aşamaları ele alınmıştır. Son olarak ise İngiltere’nin Caisse’ye ve Mısır borçlarının konsolidasyonuna ilişkin düzenlemelere itirazlarının gerekçeleri irdelenerek, kurumun Mısır’ın geleceğine etkisi açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Forestry and ecological features of fallen dead wood stocks distribution in forest ecosystems of Kaniv Dnieper region
Authors: Chornobrov O. , Khrystetska M.
Published: March 2024

Dead wood is an important component of forest ecosystems that performs a number of ecological functions. The purpose of the article is to study the forestry and ecological features of the distribution of fallen dead wood (lying woody debris) stocks in forest stands of the Kaniv Dnieper region (Middle Right Bank Dnieper, Forest-steppe of Ukraine). The study was carried out based on State forest inventory data of the forest fund of the former State Enterprise «Kanivsky Forestry» with a total area of 24,558.6 ha. The area of forest stands in which fallen dead wood was found during forest inventory was 2,550.3 ha or 10.4% of the total forest area. In general, fallen dead wood was found in the forest stands of 18 tree species with a total stock of 21,255 m3. In forest stands where fallen dead wood was found the average volume of by tree species ranging from 5.0 m3∙ha–1 (elm (Ulmus minor Mill.), small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.), black poplar (Populus nigra L.), common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), green ash (Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh.) up to 17.8 m3∙ha–1 (white willow (Salix alba L.), in general for all tree species — 8.5 m3∙ha–1. In the stands of the prevailing tree species — Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), the average volume of fallen dead wood was 9.1 m3∙ha–1 and 8.5 m3∙ha–1, respectively. The average volume among trophotopes was the largest in hrud (dibrova) — 8.7 m3∙ha–1, and the smallest — in bir, 5.2 m3∙ha–1. Among hygrotopes, the average volume was from 5.3 m3∙ha–1 (damp conditions) to 11.0 m3∙ha–1 (wet conditions). Fallen dead wood was found in 16 out of 32 forest types that are represented in the forest fund of the studied object, with an average volume of 5.0 m3∙ha–1 (wet oak-pine subir, damp black alder suhrud) to 18.4 m3∙ha–1 (wet floodplain willowpoplar suhrud). In general, the average volumes of fallen dead wood in forest stands are low, which may be related to forestry activities (cutting). The data we obtained are important for research into the peculiarities of the formation of woody detritus stocks in the forest types of the Middle Right Bank Dnieper of Ukraine and protective functions of dead wood.
Dominant species of radish (Raphanus sativus (L.) convar. radicula (Pers) Sazon.) pests in the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Shchetina S.
Published: March 2024

Based on the results of phytosanitary monitoring (2008–2022), the species composition of pests in agroecosystems of radish (Raphanus sativus (L.) convar. radicula (Pers) Sazon.) in the central part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine has been specified. In radish crops, 59 species of phytophagous insects, two species of nematodes, and one species of slugs were identified. The harmful entomocomplex structure includes insects from 20 families of 8 orders. Representatives of the orders Coleoptera (17 species), Lepidoptera (16 species), and Homoptera (9 species) dominate the taxonomic structure, collectively occupying 71% in the structure of the harmful entomocomplex. Representatives of the orders Diptera and Orthoptera were presented by species from 6 and 5 families, respectively, and in the entomocomplex structure, they occupied 10% and 8%, respectively. The least species diversity was found for the order Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera, which collectively occupied 10% in the structure of the harmful entomocomplex. Sixteen constant species were identified (Plutella maculipennis Curt., Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze, Phyllotreta undulata Kutsch., Pieris brassicae L., Agrotis segetum Denis&Schiff., Lacanobia oleracea L., Eurydema ventralis Kol., Brevicoryne brassicae L., Delia brassicae Bouche, Athalia rosae L., Delia platura Mg., Ceutorrhynchus quadridens Panz., Delia floralis Fallen, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Entomoscelis adonidis Pallas, Evergestis extimalis Scop.), which caused significant damage to radish plants throughout the vegetation period. These species were trophically specialized, with 75% being oligophagous and 81% being phytophagous. Flea beetles such as Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze, Phyllotreta undulata Kutsch., diamondback moth (Plutella maculipennis Curt.), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.), turnip moth (Agrotis segetum Denis&Schiff.), and armyworm (Lacanobia oleracea L.) were found with high and medium frequencies in the studied agroecosystems, with population densities reaching maximum levels of 60–100% in some years.
Photosynthetic activity of winter barley crops (Hordeum vulgare L.) depending on mineral nutrition and biostimulators
Authors: Shkatula Yu. , Barskyi D. , Zabarnyi O.
Published: March 2024

Barley in Ukraine has always been and is the leading fodder crop, the grain of which is the most balanced in terms of amino acid composition. The use of mineral fertilizers remains the most influential and necessary factor in increasing plant productivity and an effective means of preserving soil fertility. The goal is to determine the indicators of the leaf surface area of barley plants and the photosynthetic activity of winter barley varieties depending on the complex application of doses of mineral fertilizers and biological preparations in the conditions of Right-Bank Forest Steppe. The highest indicators of the leaf surface area of winter barley plants were recorded in the areas where mineral fertilizers were applied; foliar top dressing with nitrogen fertilizers was carried out, and the biological preparation Agrinos B was applied. With the introduction of mineral fertilizers and biological preparation N10P26K26 + N46 + N8 + Agrinos B, 1.0 l/ha in the phase of the beginning of emergence into the tube, the leaf surface area of plants in the earing phase was the highest, in Atlant Myronivskyi variety — 58.30 thousand m2/ha, which is by 25.68 thousand m2/ha more than the control plots, PASO barley variety — 61.13 thousand m2/ha, which is more than the control plots by 27.71 thousand m2/ha. On average, during the three years of research, when applying a dose of N10P26K26 + N34 fertilizers in top dressing in the phase of the beginning of tillering, the photosynthetic potential of the Atlant Myronivsky winter barley variety was 1.76 million g/m2 per day, the PASO variety, respectively, 1.90 million g/m2 per day, which is more than the control areas by 0.58– 0.69 million g/m2 per day. The highest indicators of net productivity were noted on the plots where mineral fertilizers and biopreparation N10P26K26 + N46 + N8 + Agrinos B were applied, 1.0 l/ha in the phase of the beginning of emergence into the tube, variety Atlant Myronivskyi — 3.04 g/m2 per day, variety PASO 3.12 g/m2 per day.
THE ROLE OF SNAKE VENOM IN THE BIOTIC INTERACTION
Authors: Mudrak O. , Slіeptsova I.
Published: March 2024

It is highlighted the ecological significance of biotic interactions. Biotic relationships can be intra- or interspecific, positive or negative and cover a wide range of interactions, including predation, commensalism, mutualism, competition and parasitism. It is indicated that snake venoms, which are the best studied, attract the greatest attention of researchers. The role of predators in the formation of the structure and functioning of ecosystems is analyzed. It has been established that the predator–prey ecological interaction causes mutual physiological, morphological and behavioral adaptations at the individual, intra- and inter-species levels. It is noted that toxins are important adaptation that arose due to evolution. Representatives of venomous animals are present in every ecosystem, more than 250,000 species of animals use their venom for predation, as well as for defense and survival. Іnformation about the types of poisonous and venomous animals is summarized in the article. The composition of animal venoms and the pathological consequences of their influence are presented. It is noted that the lost of habitats, climate change and biological invasions pose a threat to ecological processes that are associated with the interaction between species. The importance of snakes for ecosystems, their significance for trophic network and regulating pests is highlighted. It was found that from an ecological point of view, snake venom is an important functional trait that mediates biotic interaction between several organisms. Аt the same time it is a stressful biotic factor for other living beings
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN EKS MTQ SEBAGAI KAWASAN TERPADU DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Pamana Arif Jaya , Kadir Ishak , Kota Muh. Husni , Ilham Ilham
Published: March 2024

Kawasan Eks MTQ menjadi sebuah ikonik Kota Kendari tetapi belum memberikan sebuah dampak yang besar bagi Kota Kendari khususnya dalam segi ekonomi. Kawasan Eks MTQ ini memilki banyak potensi yang dapat digali mulai dari potensi sebagai kawasan pusat perdagangan, pusat perkantoran, kuliner, hiburan , rekreasi, olahraga, edukasi, seni dan budaya yang mestinya dapat memberikan dampak besar apabila potensi ini dapat dikembangkan dalam hal ini menjadikanya sebagai kawasan terpadu di Kota Kendari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik dan potensi yang di miliki Kawasan Eks MTQ Kota Kendari sehingga dapat dirumuskan Konsep Pengembangan Kawasan Eks MTQ Kota Kendari Menjadi Kawasan Terpadu di Kota Kendari. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah Metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan validasi menggunakan teknik Triangulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini di dapatkan bahwa kawasan Eks MTQ tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai kawasan pusat perdagangan, pusat perkantoran, kuliner, hiburan , rekreasi, olahraga, edukasi, seni dan budaya sehingga bila dikembangakan nantinya dapat menjadi kawasan terpadu di Kota Kendari yang dapat mengakomodasi tuntutan aktivitas masyarakat sehingga dapat menjadi ruang publik yang berkualitas bagi Kota Kendari

Kata Kunci : Potensi, Karakteristik, Konsep Pengembangan
ANALISIS KINERJA DAN KEPUASAN PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PADAT KARYA MELALUI PENDEKATAN KUANTITATIF PADA PEKERJAAN PEMELIHARAAN JALAN SP3. WAKOKO - LASALIMU - KAMARU
Authors: Hardiansyah Utomo Pranata , Kadir Abdul , Ahmad Siti Nurjanah , Arsyad Laode Muh. Nurrakhmad
Published: March 2024

Program padat karya dalam pekerjaan pemeliharaan jalan banyak menyerap tenaga kerja, baik pengangguran, setengah pengangguran, dan menggunakan peralatan sederhana, adapun kegiatan yang dilaksanakan tidak memerlukan keterampilan khusus Kegiatan program padat karya dalam pemeliharaan jalan meliputi pembersihan saluran (drainase), pembersihan bangunan pelengkap (jembatan), pembersihan pelengkapan jalan (patok dan rambu), pengecetan sederhana kerb/median, pengecetan sederhana pada jembatan dan pengendalian tanaman/pemotongan rumput pada bahu jalan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja pelaksanaan program padat karya pada pekerjaan pemeliharaan jalan SP.3 Wakoko – Lasalimu – Kamaru.

Analisi dilakukan dengan menghitung Impottance Performance Analysic (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction index (CSI) hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai indeks kepuasan rata-rata responden pada kinerja pelaksanaan program padat karya pekerjaan pemeliharaan jalan SP.3 Wakoko – Lasalimu – Kamaru terhadap 17 (tujuh belas) indikator sebesar 70,92 persen masuk kriteria puas. Faktor-faktor yang menjadi prioritas utama yang perlu ditingkatkan kinerja pelaksanaannya pada program padat karya pada pekerjaan pemeliharaan jalan SP.3 Wakoko – Lasalimu – Kamaru yaitu penerapan keselamatan kesehatan kerja (K3), pelaksanaan sosialisasi, dan pemahaman setelah sosialisasi.

Kata Kunci: Menghitung Impottance Performance Analysic (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction index (CSI).
ANALISIS SPASIAL ALIH FUNGSI KAWASAN HUTAN TERHADAP POTENSI PENINGKATAN DEBIT BANJIR SUNGAI BALANDETE DAN SUNGAI SABILAMBO
Authors: Nurdin Sri Asnita , Simatupang Minson , Kadir Abdul , Ngii Edward , Ahmad Siti Nurjanah , Masdiana Masdiana
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Oktober 2021 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui luasan kawasan hutan yang telah teralih fungsi di hulu Sungai Sabilambo dan Sungai Balandete dan pengaruhnya terhadap potensi peningkatan debit banjir di kedua sungai tersebut serta alternatif mitigasi yang bisa dilakukan untuk mencegah dampak negatif akibat kegiatan alih fungsi tersebut. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi kepada semua pihak yang terkait dengan kegiatan alih fungsi lahan didalam kawasan hutan. Kebutuhan data antara lain data curah hujan, data debit sungai, peta kawasan hutan serta peta tutupan lahan yang dihasilkan dari analisis data SPOT 6/7 perekaman tahun 2013 dan 2017 yang bersumber dari LAPAN dibuat dengan menggunakan metode maximum livelihood classification, dianalisis dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil dari analisis tersebut diperoleh bahwa pada tahun 2013 kawasan hutan yang teralih fungsi sebesar 7.34 % dan pada tahun 2017 sebesar 21,66%. terindikasi telah teralih fungsi ini adalah nilai TSS permukaan di Perairan Teluk Kendari tertinggi berada di sekitar aliran Sungai Wanggu berkisar antara 760-781 mg/L, sedangkan terendah berada di mulut teluk yaitu berkisar antara 672-693 mg/L. Kecepatan arus adalah parameter kualitas air yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap distribusi total suspended solid di Teluk Kendari.

Kata Kunci : alih fungsi, kawasan hutan, sungai, debit banjir
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN DAN PENINGKATAN KUALITAS AIR SUMUR BOR (Studi Kasus : Desa Lalonggolosua Kabupaten Kolaka)
Authors: Arianti Evi , Sukri Ahmad Syarif , Kadir Abdul
Published: March 2024

Kolaka bagian selatan, khusunya Desa Lalonggolosua memiliki potensi sumber air yang didominasi oleh sumber air tanah. Beberapa hasil pengeboran secara fisik tampak berwarna merah bahkan ada yang berwarna coklat. Sesuai dengan amanat yang tercantum pada Rancangan Teknokrat RPJMN 2020 – 2024, pemerintah Indonesia menargetkan dapat menyediakan layanan air minum yang aman dan sanitasi yang layak bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ketersediaan dan kualitas air sumur bor setelah dilakukan peningkatan, serta kesiapan masyarakat dan Kelompok Pengelola Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum (KPSPAMS) menjamin akses air minum yang berkesinambungan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental, sampel air dibawa ke laboratorium untuk diuji menguji parameter fisika antara lain bau, rasa, warna, kekeruhan serta suhu sedangkan parameter kimianya adalah pH (Derajat Keasaman), Nitrat ( , Nitrit ( , Kesadahan ( , Florida Besi , Mangan dan Kholorida yang terdapat dalam Permenkes No. 492 Tahun 2010. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kebutuhan air pada saat ini adalah 0,24 ltr/dtk, proyeksi tahun ke lima sebesar 0,25 ltr/dtk, proyeksi tahun ke sepuluh sebesar 0,26 ltr/dtk serta pada akhir peride sebesar 0,28 lt/dtk. Debit air eksisting sebesar 0,79 ltr/detk, sehingga air sumur di Dusun IV Desa Lalonggolosua tersedia. Kualitas air sumur bor telah memenuhi Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. Kepuasan pemanfaat terhadap kinerja Kesiapan Kelompok Pengelola Saranan air Minum dan Sanitasi (KPSPAMS), analisis CSI rata-rata diperoleh nilai CSI = 0,66.

Kata Kunci : Ketersediaan, Peningkatan kualitas air, berkesinambungan
Load transfer in bone after partial, multi-compartmental, and total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Stoddart Jennifer C. , Garner Amy , Tuncer Mahmut , Amis Andrew A. , Cobb Justin , van Arkel Richard J.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Arthroplasty-associated bone loss remains a clinical problem: stiff metallic implants disrupt load transfer to bone and, hence, its remodeling stimulus. The aim of this research was to analyze how load transfer to bone is affected by different forms of knee arthroplasty: isolated partial knee arthroplasty (PKA), compartmental arthroplasty [combined partial knee arthroplasty (CPKA), two or more PKAs in the same knee], and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: An experimentally validated subject-specific finite element model was analyzed native and with medial unicondylar, lateral unicondylar, patellofemoral, bi-unicondylar, medial bicompartmental, lateral bicompartmental, tricompartmental, and total knee arthroplasty. Three load cases were simulated for each: gait, stair ascent, and sit-to-stand. Strain shielding and overstraining were calculated from the differences between the native and implanted states.

Results: For gait, the TKA femoral component led to mean strain shielding (30%) more than three times higher than that of PKA (4%–7%) and CPKA (5%–8%). Overstraining was predicted in the proximal tibia (TKA 21%; PKA/CPKA 0%–6%). The variance in the distribution for TKA was an order of magnitude greater than for PKA/CPKA, indicating less physiological load transfer. Only the TKA-implanted femur was sensitive to the load case: for stair ascent and gait, almost the entire distal femur was strain-shielded, whereas during sit-to-stand, the posterior femoral condyles were overstrained.

Discussion: TKA requires more bone resection than PKA and CPKA. These finite element analyses suggest that a longer-term benefit for bone is probable as partial and multi-compartmental knee procedures lead to more natural load transfer compared to TKA. High-flexion activity following TKA may be protective of posterior condyle bone resorption, which may help explain why bone loss affects some patients more than others. The male and female bone models used for this research are provided open access to facilitate future research elsewhere.
Toxoplasma gondii infection-induced host cellular DNA damage is strain-dependent and leads to the activation of the ATM-dependent homologous recombination pathway
Authors: Rojas-Barón Lisbeth , Hermosilla Carlos , Taubert Anja , Velásquez Zahady D.
Published: March 2024

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally occurring apicomplexan parasite that infects humans and animals. Globally, different typical and atypical haplotypes of T. gondii induce varying pathologies in hosts. As an obligate intracellular protozoon, T. gondii was shown to interfere with host cell cycle progression, leading to mitotic spindle alteration, chromosome segregation errors and cytokinesis failure which all may reflect chromosomal instability. Referring to strain-dependent virulence, we here studied the potential of different T. gondii strains (RH, Me49 and NED) to drive DNA damage in primary endothelial host cells. Utilizing microscopic analyses, comet assays and γ-H2AX quantification, we demonstrated a strain-dependent induction of binucleated host cells, DNA damage and DNA double strand breaks, respectively, in T. gondii-infected cells with the RH strain driving the most prominent effects. Interestingly, only the NED strain significantly triggered micronuclei formation in T. gondii-infected cells. Focusing on the RH strain, we furthermore demonstrated that T. gondii-infected primary host cells showed a DNA damage response by activating the ATM-dependent homologous recombination (HR) pathway. In contrast, key molecules of the nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) pathway were either not affected or downregulated in RH-infected host cells, suggesting that this pathway is not activated by infection. In conclusion, current finding suggests that T. gondii infection affects the host cell genome integrity in a strain-dependent manner by causing DNA damage and chromosomal instability.
Magneto-thermal limitations in superconducting cavities at high radio-frequency fields
Authors: Parajuli I. , Ciovati G. , Gurevich A.
Published: March 2024

The performance of superconducting radio-frequency Nb cavities at high radio-frequency (rf) fields in the absence of field emission can be limited by either a sharp decrease of the quality factor Q0(Bp) above peak surface magnetic fields Bp ∼100 mT or by a quench. We have measured Q0(Bp) at 2 K of several 1.3 GHz single-cell Nb cavities with different grain sizes, and with different ambient magnetic fields and cooldown rates below the critical temperature. Temperature mapping and a novel magnetic field mapping systems were used to find the location of “hot-spots” and regions of trapped magnetic flux. The use of a variable input coupler allowed further exploring the dissipative state. The results showed a remarkable thermal stability in some cavities with up to 200 W of rf power dissipation at 2 K, whereas other cavities quenched at much lower rf power. We observed a narrow distributions of the onset fields of hot-spots which were not affected by thermal cycling or by conditions which favor the formation of Nb hydrides. Furthermore, a poor correlation was found between the location of hot-spots and trapped vortices. We suggest that the totality of our experimental data can be explained by a sharp increase of the residual surface resistance above 120–140 mT due to the field-induced breakdown of a proximity-coupled metallic suboxide layer at the surface.
Treg cells as a protective factor for Hashimoto`s thyroiditis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Guo Jinzhou , Si Gao , Si Fuchun
Published: March 2024

Background and objectives

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), a chronic autoimmune disorder impacting thyroid function, is a growing public health concern. The relationship between Treg cells and HT has been extensively studied, with Treg cells considered crucial in suppressing HT progression. However, these studies have mainly been observational, limiting our understanding of Treg cells’ impact on HT risk. Leveraging large datasets, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal association between Treg cell biomarkers and HT, providing additional validation for these relationships.

Methods

Comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to determine the causal association between Treg cells signatures and HT in this study. Based on publicly available genetic data, we explored causal associations between 165 Treg cells signatures and HT risk.

Results

The European cohort study has identified five Treg cell phenotypes that causally protect against HT risk. Resting Treg %CD4 (OR = 0.975, 95% CI = 0.954~0.998, P = 0.030); CD4 on resting Treg (OR = 0.938, 95% CI = 0.882~0.997, P = 0.041; CD28- CD8dim %CD8dim (OR = 0.983, 95% CI = 0.969~0.998, P = 0.030); CD25 on CD39+ resting Treg (OR = 0.926, 95% CI = 0.864~0.991, P = 0.026); 5) CD28 on activated & secreting Treg (OR = 0.969, 95% CI = 0.942~0.996, P = 0.025). The Asian cohort study has identified four Treg cell phenotypes negatively correlated with the risk of HT. CD25hi %T cell (OR = 0.635, 95% CI = 0.473~852, P = 0.002); CD4 Treg %CD4 (OR = 0.829, 95% CI = 0.687~1.000, P = 0.050); CD127-CD8br %T cell (OR = 0.463, 95% CI =0.311~0.687, P< 0.001); CD3 on resting Treg (OR = 0.786, 95% CI = 0.621~0.994, P = 0.044).

Conclusion

Our study has demonstrated the close connection between Treg cells and HT by genetic means, thus providing foundational basis for future research.
A bolt defect detection method for transmission lines based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Zou Hongbo , Sun Jialun , Ye Ziyong , Yang Jinlong , Yang Changhua , Li Fengyang , Xiong Li
Published: March 2024

To solve the problem of bolt defects in unmanned aerial vehicle inspection that are difficult to identify quickly and accurately, this paper proposes a defect detection method based on the improved YOLOv5 anchor mechanism. Firstly, the Normalized Wasserstein distance (NWD) evaluation metric and the Intersection over Union evaluation metric are combined, and the experiment determines the appropriate weight for this combination. This way, the sensitivity of using IoU alone to small objecet detection anchor box threshold changes was reduced. Furthermore, Convolutional Block Attention Module is included into the head network architecture of yolov5 in order to prioritize significant information and suppress irrelevant features. Omni-dimensional Dynamic Convolution (ODConv) is used to replace convolution in MobileNetv2. The combination module is used as the new backbone of the YOLOv5 model. It simultaneously enhances the model’s capability to extract bolt defect object information, minimizes calculation requirements, and achieves lightweight detection across the entire model. Compared with the original algorithm, the model detection Accuracy Precision (AP) is increased by 30.1%, the mean Accuracy Precision is increased by 30.4%. Other evaluation metrics of the model, such as GFlOPs and Parameters, all decreased slightly. The above results show that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper greatly improves the detection accuracy of the model on the premise of ensuring that the model is as small as possible.