bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frozen Lamb
Authors: Cothran Boyd , Shubert Adrian
Published: December 2024

The first shipment of frozen lamb left New Zealand for the United Kingdom in February 1882. Its technical and financial success incorporated the distant British colony into the global food web, and turned frozen meat, as well as cheese and butter, into the life raft of a struggling colonial economy. In the process it would transform New Zealand’s its social structure, its culture, and even its landscape. The role the Edwin Fox played in this trade is the subject of this chapter. In 1885, it made a final voyage to New Zealand, carrying the components of a refrigeration unit in its hold. On arrival, the unit was assembled, and for the next fifteen years the ship served as a floating refrigeration unit in a number of ports. When it was no longer viable in this role, it was used as a dormitory for workers and a coal hulk and a landing stage for the lighters carrying neat to the onshore refrigeration plants.
Task Complexity and Students’ Cognitive Load in Science among Grade 11 Students at Kitubo National High School Bukidnon
Authors: Jose Paolo L. Mangubat  , Dr. James L. Paglinawan
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This research study investigates the task complexity and students’ cognitive load in science of grade-11 science students in Kitobo National High School, Kitubo, Kitaotao, Bukidnon during the second quarter of the academic year 2024-2025. The study aims to examine 1. The level of task complexity for the students in science; 2. The level of students’ cognitive load in science; 3. The relationship between task complexity and students’ cognitive load in science. The participant of the study involves 87 science students from 3 different sections of grade-11 selected through purposive sampling. Participants answered a 42-item survey questionnaire divided into two parts focusing on the task complexity and cognitive load. The data collected were analyzed using statistical tool called SPSS. Analysis of the data shows several insights on the cause and effect of task complexity and cognitive load as well as the close direct proportionality of the variables. While complex task triggers the students to do more and improve their output better, there is still a need to improve in delivering and presentation of the task and lesson. A well-structured task that aligns with students' cognitive capabilities and reduce extraneous cognitive load can significantly enhance learning outcomes. By balancing task complexity with appropriate support, educators can foster deeper understanding and more effective learning experiences. Educators should continue refining task design to ensure it supports cognitive load management while promoting engagement. Further research is needed to explore how specific task structures impact different types of cognitive load across various learning environments. Additionally, developing targeted strategies to reduce extraneous load in digital learning contexts could provide valuable insights for improving online education.
La tesis de la Empatía en Edith Stein, una orientación en torno al concepto de persona
Authors: De la Cruz Gerardo Yuridia Cecilia
Published: December 2024

La premisa de este trabajo es que el concepto de empatía tiene implicaciones más allá de epistemológicas. Deja ver la importancia de considerar al otro más que como un sujeto psicofísico, como persona. Lo cual implica –en virtud de que Stein es partidaria de la fenomenología– la posibilidad de estudiar la estructura de la persona y, además, la corresponsabilidad de la interacción entre éstas, en el marco de la intersubjetividad; así como la posibilidad del conocimiento de la persona propia, por medio del conocimiento de la ajena. Implica así, una orientación ética que tiene de trasfondo el ser con y para otros. Por un lado, la filósofa pretende desvelar la forma en que es posible acceder a estos fenómenos de la experiencia ajena por medio de la empatía. Por otra parte, Stein esboza el concepto de persona y enfatiza la relevancia del cultivo del ente para su pleno desenvolvimiento. Así, al final se deja ver una especie de vínculo de reciprocidad entre ambos conceptos, lo cual permite concebir el tema de la empatía desde horizontes de formación de la persona con miras a una ética que posibilite una coexistencia que tenga en consideración al otro.
St. Bonaventure’s Fontalis Plenitudo and the Intimate Anthropological Relationality
Authors: Mantini Alessandro
Published: December 2024

St. Bonaventure’s Trinitarianism and Christology offer important food for thought to recover, particularly in the contemporary era, a theology and metaphysics that founds and structures a strong anthropology. It presents a consistent metaphysics finally capable, on the one hand, of giving a reason for the meaning of Creation and its profound nature, and on the other, of reawakening that anthropological centrality that sees the human being precisely from the perspective of an ontological relationality. The latter would then be the foundation of human interiority. This work would therefore primarily highlight the intimate relational structure of the interiority of the human person, and consequently its close link with the dynamism of Creation, considering its Trinitarian and Christological foundation in St. Bonaventure’s thought.
Presencia e interpersonalidad. Reflexiones acerca de la interioridad desde la perspectiva materna
Authors: Gallardo González Sara
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo se propone abordar la cuestión acerca de la vivencia de la maternidad que se propone no sólo como un paradigma de comprensión de la mujer, sino de lo humano. La maternidad es abordada en cuanto dimensión relacional, que explica la experiencia de interioridad humana –no sólo femenina– como interpersonal, habitada o en coexistencia con los otros. Esta dimensión como evento nos envuelve y precede además a toda toma de conciencia explícita, más aún, en cierto modo elude toda objetivación planteada desde un distanciamiento falso del sujeto con respecto al objeto, o la verbalización de enfoque racionalista que presupone la objetividad pura. La maternidad se presenta, en último término en cuanto raíz metafísica de la persona humana, como símbolo para interpretar la última (y más primaria) forma de relacionalidad humana: la que establece el hombre con la Persona divina en cuanto su Creador.
DÜNYAYI BİRBİRİNE BAĞLAMAK: KUŞAK YOL GİRİŞİMİ VE DOĞU AKDENİZ’İN ABD-ÇİN KÜRESEL REKABETİ AÇISINDAN ÖNEMİ
Authors: Aydın İsmail
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, Çin Kamu Diplomasisinin en önemli ve en geniş projeksiyonlu yapı taşlarından biri olan BRI (Belt and Road Initiative) çerçevesinden Doğu Akdeniz’in önemi ve ABD-Çin küresel rekabetinin literatür, dünya siyaseti ve küresel düzen içindeki yeri anlaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Konunun önemi ve genişliğine binaen öncelikle BRI ile ilgili detaylar ve ortaya koyduğu geniş vizyon aktarılacaktır. Çin Devleti’nin önceden Bir Kuşak Bir Yol (One Belt One Road – OBOR) Girişimi olarak isimlendirdiği girişimi, ‘bir’ ifadesinin yanlış anlaşılabileceği görüşü üzerine BRI olarak değiştirmesi, Çin’in yumuşak güç algısına verdiği önemi bir kere daha ortaya koyan bir durumdur. Çalışma BRI’nin geniş perspektifini ortaya koyduktan sonra Doğu Akdeniz’in bu proje açısından önemine ve ABD-Çin rekabeti içindeki yerine yoğunlaşacaktır. Ana kaynak olarak literatürde yer alan tartışmaların yanı sıra, konu ile ilgili ileri gelen basın yayın kuruluşu yorumlarından, uluslararası yayınları ve haberleri içeren ampirik verilerden faydalanmıştır. Çalışma metodolojik olarak nitel bir araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve çalışmada doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
A helpful and long-overdue resource for work with mountain birds
Authors: Squires Theodore
Published: December 2024

The newly released textbook, Ecology and Conservation of Mountain Birds (edited by Chamberlain, Lehikoinen & Martin), provides a comprehensive review of the latest knowledge in alpine ornithology. It summarizes the combined knowledge of over 50 subject experts and serves as an excellent reference guide for professionals and students. Here, the layout and contents of the book are reviewed and an unbiased general assesment of the contents are provided. As the global environment continues to see unprecedented changes, this work should serve as a groundbreaking benchmark describing the state of our mountain birds.
Andarsene alla francese e all’inglese, to take a French leave e filer à l’anglaise: breve ricognizione storica di un fraseologismo europeo
Authors: Ventura Emanuele
Published: December 2024

Il presente saggio, ricorrendo soprattutto alle numerose fonti oggi facilmente accessibili grazie a Google Libri, cerca di ricostruire la storia dell’espressione idiomatica andarsene alla francese ‘andarsene alla chetichella, senza salutare’: tale locuzione italiana, assieme alla sua principale variante andarsene all’inglese, mostra stretti rapporti con espressioni analoghe vive in molte altre lingue europee, e si presenta a tutti gli effetti come un europeismo fraseologico, che è stato variamente interpretato in studi precedenti. Fornendo informazioni aggiuntive sulla semantica dell’espressione e sulla sua diffusione in diacronia, e ragionando contemporaneamente sui legami osservabili fra lingue diverse, si ricava la sostanziale anteriorità dei fraseologismi fondati sull’etnonimo francese, ma anche la presenza ancora precedente di altre espressioni, semanticamente affini e portatrici di scortesie linguistiche che hanno spesso contrassegnato i rapporti fra popoli.
Changes of perspective and focus in the Peterborough Chronicle as reflected in the use and distribution of place elements modifying titles paired in apposition with personal names
Authors: Shinkawa Seiji
Published: December 2024

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was first composed in retrospect over the important national events of the previous millennium probably in Wessex in the late ninth century and continued separately in multiple ecclesiastical centers across England contemporaneously or near-contemporaneously until as late as 1154 in the Peterborough Chronicle, one of its seven main extant versions. There was inevitably a shift in perspective from retrospective to contemporary after annals began to be recorded in real or near-real time, and this has implications on the use and non-use of place elements modifying titles paired in apposition with personal names, such as of Wessex in Alfred, king of Wessex. Titles help identify or introduce persons named, and the accompanying place elements assist in doing so. The amount of information deemed necessary for effective communication ultimately depends on the writers’ perspective and focus. From a contemporary perspective, with more out-of-text contextual information shared with readers, national matters may have been backgrounded and local matters foregrounded, potentially reflecting the aims and biases of the institutions in which the records were made.
Defining Amerindian terms in Richard Hakluyt’s The Principall Nauigations (1589) or when the explorers became lexicographers
Authors: Von der Fecht-Fernández Sara
Published: December 2024

This paper deals with the incorporation of Amerindian loanwords in Early Modern English through travel literature, a genre that made essential contributions to the Age Discovery. Specifically, it focuses on those texts included in the third volume of Richard Hakluyt’s The Principall Nauigations (1589), the first great travel compilation written in English, which comprises the reports of the American expeditions and, thus, the descriptions of a foreign environment full of unknown elements whose indigenous names were adopted and reproduced in the adventurers’ narratives.
A previous work on this matter has revealed the presence of 25 Amerindian loanwords in the corpus.  But what kind of words are these? In order to find an answer, this research aims to classify the Amerindian terms according to the lexical fields they refer to.  Thereafter, the analysis of these borrowings in their contexts determines the strategies used by the English travellers to explain their meaning to the readers. Finally, this study explores the similarities between the aforesaid strategies and the defining practices provided by 16th-, 17th- and 18th-century dictionaries, establishing the relevance of English travel writers as active agents in the definition of Amerindian loanwords at the moment of their entrance into the English language.
La vérité des Lais de Marie de France
Authors: Löfstedt Leena
Published: December 2024

Marie de France is famous for her Lais, which are short stories, rhymed and performed to musical accompaniment. When describing their origin, she tells the reader that she based them on Celtic lais which she claims reported true events. However, Marie de France's Lais included decidedly un-Celtic elements, among them material taken from Anglo-Norman legal procedure, or details found in Ovid, and formulaic introductions reminiscent of techniques learned in twelfth century grammar schools. Collecting and analyzing these novel elements of her Lais might shed light on Marie's own person.
This study uses A.Ewert's edition bsed on the MS H (BL Harley 978).
Combinatoire lexicale et profilage du sens du lexème ‘embryon’
Authors: Cozma Ana-Maria , Lehtonen Kim
Published: December 2024

Cet article étudie la combinatoire lexicale du mot embryon et la manière dont le sens de ce mot est profilé d’un syntagme à l’autre. L’étude a été menée à partir d’un corpus de bioéthique composé de discours institutionnels et de commentaires d’internautes. A partir de ce corpus, nous avons extrait à l’aide d’un concordancier tous les syntagmes dans lesquels intervient le mot embryon, quelle qu’ait été leur fréquence. Les syntagmes ainsi répertoriés sont présentés d’abord de point de vue de la combinatoire syntaxique, ensuite de point de vue de la combinatoire lexicale, et constituent les données que nous analyserons. Ainsi, bien qu’extraits à partir de discours effectifs, les syntagmes ont subi des simplifications qui font qu’ils se situent davantage à un niveau prédiscursif. Pour mener l’étude sur ces syntagmes, le modèle d’analyse choisi est celui de la Sémantique des possibles argumentatifs (SPA) d’Olga Galatanu, sur lequel nous avons greffé la notion de profilage (Cadiot et Visetti), compris comme le résultat d’un processus de convocation-évocation, selon la vision de la compositionnalité gestaltiste de Victorri et al. L’analyse consiste à identifier les associations argumentatives activées par les syntagmes : les DA, et les associations évoquées du fait de la combinatoire lexicale.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DAS PLATAFORMAS DIGITAIS NAS COMPRAS REALIZADAS PELA INTERNET
Authors: Pereira Carolina Bianca Alvarenga , Araújo Fryda Moema Nascimento de , Felismino Laudimiro Araujo , Santos Brenda Leal Aires dos
Published: December 2024

Com a pandemia de Covid 19 ocorrida em 2020, verificou-se um aumento da utilização das plataformas digitais para a realização de compras online, sendo importante compreender como ocorre a responsabilização civil das plataformas digitais por infringir o Código de Defesa do Consumidor. O objetivo Geral traçado foi analisar a responsabilização civil das plataformas digitais por danos causados aos consumidores, conhecer os tipos de plataformas digitais de vendas online e verificar as decisões judiciais a respeito dos danos causados aos consumidores pelas plataformas digitais. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui-se que as plataformas digitais podem ser responsabilizadas por danos causados ao consumidor, portanto, as compras realizadas online, possuem regulação, e tanto a plataforma digital como o fornecedor podem ser responsabilizados por danos causados aos consumidores.
ANÁLISE DA TRANSMISSÃO CAUSA MORTIS DE BENS DIGITAIS
Authors: Santos Francisco Antônio Silva , Carvalho Joseildo Araújo , Sousa Reginaldo Silva , Santos Brenda Leal Aires dos
Published: December 2024

transmissão causa mortis de bens digitais emerge como um tema relevante no direito sucessório devido à crescente digitalização da sociedade e à ausência de regulamentação específica no brasil. Este trabalho analisa a transmissão causa mortis desses bens, abordando sua definição, características, desafios e controvérsias jurídicas. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório e interpretativo, utiliza metodologia qualitativa com base em revisão bibliográfica e documental. Investiga-se a lacuna legislativa brasileira e a jurisprudência, frequentemente contraditória, que oscila entre a proteção da privacidade do falecido e os direitos sucessórios dos herdeiros. O estudo conclui pela necessidade de uma legislação específica no brasil, que equilibre os interesses dos herdeiros com a privacidade do falecido.
ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A AVALIAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DAS HABILIDADES/ EMOÇÕES DE UMA CRIANÇA DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL PARA APOIO EDUCACIONAL E TERAPÊUTICO
Authors: Haide Ingrid da Silva , Silva Diego da
Published: December 2024

O Presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar as habilidades sociais e escolares de Igor (nome fictício), uma criança de 8 anos que vive com sua mãe, avó e duas irmãs, de 6 e 12 anos. Sua mãe descreve que ele é bastante agitado, irrita-se facilmente e frequentemente briga com as irmãs. Embora seu desenvolvimento de linguagem tenha sido considerado adequado, atualmente enfrenta dificuldades na articulação das palavras e apresenta trocas fonoarticulatórias, em relação à linguagem compreensiva, Igor tem dificuldade em atender a solicitações, respondendo melhor a comandos simples e individuais. Ele também reclama de dores de cabeça após a escola. Igor se mostra irrequieto e tem dificuldade em lidar com frustrações, apresentando irritabilidade e distração fácil. Tende a se envolver em conflitos com outras crianças, especialmente quando se sente contrariado, manifestando comportamentos agressivos verbalmente e provocando os outros. Igor possui uma rotina estabelecida e demonstra autonomia em seus cuidados pessoais e na organização de seus pertences. Nos momentos de lazer, ele gosta de atividades como jogar bola, soltar pipa com a irmã, assistir a filmes e jogar no celular. No entanto, sua mãe observa que ele apresenta pouco interesse nas atividades escolares e dificuldades com a grafia, sempre se recusando a participar. A escola confirma que Igor enfrenta desafios significativos no aprendizado, com baixa memorização e dificuldades em acompanhar os conteúdos. Embora ele tenha uma boa socialização, seja bastante comunicativo, o avaliando se distrai com facilidade. A presente avaliação foca em caracterizar a criança cognitiva e socioemocionalmente, a fim de orientar a escola e a família sobre quais intervenções clínicas ou educacionais poderão otimizar seu desenvolvimento acadêmico e social.
APLICABILIDADE DO PROCESSO DE ENFERMAGEM EM PACIENTES COM NEOPLASIAS PULMONARES À ÓTICA DE WANDA DE AGUIAR HORTA
Authors: Teixeira Débora de Oliveira Lima , Silva Ewelyn Ribeiro de Lima , Sampaio Marlon Valle , Ribeiro Wanderson Alves , Felicio Felipe de Castro
Published: December 2024

Esse artigo buscou analisar o processo de enfermagem em pacientes com neoplasias pulmonar à luz da teoria de Wanda de Aguiar Horta, descrevendo as fases do processo de enfermagem conforme seu modelo teórico e a aplicação prática no cuidado ao paciente neoplásico. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa, dados coletados em base de dados virtuais. Utilizou-se a Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, na seguinte base de informação: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS); Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica (MEDLINE) e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Avaliar o encadeamento das neoplasias pulmonares, e seu impacto nas necessidades humanas básicas; dissertar sobre o processo de enfermagem conforme modelo teórico de Wanda de Aguiar Horta e sua aplicação no cuidado a pacientes com neoplasias; definir os principais diagnósticos, intervenções de enfermagem e resultados esperados em pacientes com neoplasia pulmonar; relatar sobre recomendações para o cuidado paliativo em enfermagem segundo a teorista Wanda. Conclusão: A aplicação da Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas no contexto do câncer de pulmão permite um olhar holístico e humanizado sobre os pacientes, promovendo não apenas o controle dos sintomas, mas também melhoria da qualidade de vida durante todo o processo terapêutico.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DA TRICOMONÍASE NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Menezes Jeniffer da Silva Nunes , Oliveira Giovanna Alhan de , Sobral Andressa Campolino , Bernardo Dayane de Castro
Published: December 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo identificar o papel do enfermeiro na prevenção da tricomoníase na atenção básica, de acordo com as publicações em periódicos nacionais, no período de 2020 a 2024. Foi realizada uma análise minuciosa sobre os métodos e políticas públicas voltadas a esta infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST). A pesquisa tem como natureza uma análise integrativa, baseada em revisão bibliográfica. Foram identificados 45 artigos em periódicos nacionais que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e abordavam a tricomoníase. Após a leitura dos resumos, foi feito um critério de exclusão, de modo que, dos 45 artigos, 16 foram utilizados para o presente estudo. A partir da análise, emergiram três categorias: Tricomoníase (conceito), Atenção básica e Contribuição do enfermeiro para a prevenção da Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível. Conclusão: Os benefícios da assistência de enfermagem são consideráveis, destacando-se, principalmente, a promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde.
Effects of whole and steam-flaked corn supplementation on productive performance, serum parameters, and reproductive characteristics of dairy ewes
Authors: Akbağ Hande Işıl , Tölü Cemil , Savaş Türker , Konyalı Aynur , Coşkun Baver , Yurtman İsmail Yaman
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effects of whole and steam-flaked corn supplementation on the feed intake, serum parameters, and reproductive performance of dairy ewes. A total of 48 ewes (at the end of their lactation period; 57 ± 1.3 kg body weight, BW; 2.69 ± 0.19 body condition score, BCS) were divided into three treatment groups (16 animals per group): the control group (C), which was fed with alfalfa hay and corn silage; the whole-corn group (WC), which was fed with alfalfa hay, corn silage, and whole corn; and the steam-flaked corn group (FC), which was fed with alfalfa hay, corn silage, and steam-flaked corn. The study was conducted for 15 d before ram introduction and for 30 d during the mating in the breeding season. The WC group had higher dry matter (DM), metabolizable energy (ME), and starch intake values than the FC group (P<0.0001). The BW and BCS values were increased in the groups supplemented with whole corn and steam-flaked corn (P≤0.05). The lambing rate was higher in ewes from the WC and FC groups (P≤0.05). Whole and steam-flaked corn supplementation did not affect the non-return ratio or litter size (P>0.05). The serum glucose concentration was similar among the groups, whereas the serum urea concentration increased with either whole or steam-flaked corn supplementation (P≤0.05). In conclusion, whole and steam-flaked corn supplementation increased the BW, BCS, and lambing rate values in dairy ewes.
Ocean acidification trends and carbonate system dynamics across the North Atlantic subpolar gyre water masses during 2009–2019
Authors: Curbelo-Hernández David , Pérez Fiz F. , González-Dávila Melchor , Gladyshev Sergey V. , González Aridane G. , González-Santana David , Velo Antón , Sokov Alexey , Santana-Casiano J. Magdalena
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The CO2–carbonate system dynamics in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASPG) were evaluated between 2009 and 2019. Data were collected aboard eight summer cruises through the Climate and Ocean: Variability, Predictability and Change (CLIVAR) 59.5° N section. The ocean acidification (OA) patterns and the reduction in the saturation state of calcite (ΩCa) and aragonite (ΩArag) in response to the increasing anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) were assessed within the Irminger, Iceland, and Rockall basins during a poorly assessed decade in which the physical patterns reversed in comparison with previous well-known periods. The observed cooling, freshening, and enhanced ventilation increased the interannual rate of accumulation of Cant in the interior ocean by 50 %–86 % and the OA rates by close to 10 %. The OA trends were 0.0013–0.0032 units yr−1 in the Irminger and Iceland basins and 0.0006–0.0024 units yr−1 in the Rockall Trough, causing a decline in ΩCa and ΩArag of 0.004–0.021 and 0.003–0.0013 units yr−1, respectively. The Cant-driven rise in total inorganic carbon (CT) was the main driver of the OA (contributed by 53 %–68 % in upper layers and > 82 % toward the interior ocean) and the reduction in ΩCa and ΩArag (> 64 %). The transient decrease in temperature, salinity, and AT collectively counteracts the CT-driven acidification by 45 %–85 % in the upper layers and in the shallow Rockall Trough and by < 10 % in the interior ocean. The present investigation reports the acceleration of the OA within the NASPG and expands knowledge about the future state of the ocean.
The future North Atlantic jet stream and storm track: relative contributions from sea ice and sea surface temperature changes
Authors: Köhler Daniel , Räisänen Petri , Naakka Tuomas , Nordling Kalle , Sinclair Victoria A.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Using a novel set of coordinated simulations with four different models, the response of the wintertime (December–February) North Atlantic jet stream and storm track to prescribed sea surface temperatures and sea-ice loss is analysed. Three out of the four models show a southward shift of the upper-level jet stream with an increase in jet speed over Europe, where the contribution of sea surface temperatures dominates over the effects of sea-ice loss. However, the remaining model lacks the increase in jet speed over Europe, which originates from opposite responses of similar magnitude due to the future sea surface temperatures and sea-ice cover. The jet stream responses are primarily driven by the change in the meridional temperature gradient and, as a consequence, baroclinicity. At the same time, momentum flux convergence acts as a secondary amplifying and dampening factor. The same three models see a significant eastward shift of the extratropical cyclone track density, which is equally driven by changes to sea surface temperatures and sea ice cover. A consistent feature across all models is a decrease in the frequency of extratropical cyclones in the Mediterranean. The responses of extratropical cyclones to future sea-ice cover and sea surface temperatures do not exceed the inter-model climatological differences. Notable differences in the future response occur, and thus considerable uncertainty remains in how the European climate will respond to a warmer climate.
Microbial plankton occurrence database in the North American Arctic region: synthesis of recent diversity of potentially toxic and/or harmful algae
Authors: Schiffrine Nicolas , Dhifallah Fatma , Dionne Kaven , Poulin Michel , Lessard Sylvie , Rochon André , Gosselin Michel
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The Arctic Ocean is currently undergoing significant transformations due to climate change, leading to profound changes in its microbial plankton communities, including photoautotrophic prokaryotes and eukaryotes (i.e. phytoplankton), as well as hetero-, phago-, and mixotrophic protistan species. Among these unicellular organisms, species of potentially toxic and/or harmful algae (hereafter referred to as HA) are of particular concern, as they pose a threat to human and ecosystem health if they potentially spread into Arctic waters. Despite their importance, the spatiotemporal distribution of these communities in the North American Arctic is poorly understood. To address this gap, we compiled and synthesized a large dataset from various sources, partitioned into nine regions based on the Large Marine Ecosystem classification. Our dataset contains 385 348 georeferenced data points and 18 268 unique sampling events (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10498858, Schiffrine et al., 2024), encompassing 1442 unique taxa, with Heterokontophyta (notably diatoms) and Dinoflagellata being the most dominant phyla. Our results indicate distinct spatial patterns of diversity, with the highest diversity observed in Atlantic-influenced regions of the North American Arctic. An analysis of the maximum latitude of HA species over time shows a gradual increase, with a notable rise towards the 1990s. However, this trend is likely influenced by increased research at higher latitudes, meaning no substantial spread of HA species into the North American part of the Arctic. Our study underscores the importance of extensive and long-term sampling efforts to understand the Arctic's biodiversity, particularly with respect to documenting the presence and distribution of HA species. While the occurrence of HA species in the Arctic is recognized, our findings highlight the need for further detailed investigations to fully grasp their ecological impacts and variability in the region. Overall, our results provide new insights into the spatial patterns and biodiversity of the microbial plankton communities in the North American Arctic and have implications for understanding the ecological functioning and response of this region to ongoing climate change.
Architectural insights into and training methodology optimization of Pangu-Weather
Authors: To Deifilia , Quinting Julian , Hoshyaripour Gholam Ali , Götz Markus , Streit Achim , Debus Charlotte
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Data-driven medium-range weather forecasts have recently outperformed classical numerical weather prediction models, with Pangu-Weather (PGW) being the first breakthrough model to achieve this. The Transformer-based PGW introduced novel architectural components including the three-dimensional attention mechanism (3D Transformer) in the Transformer blocks. Additionally, it features an Earth-specific positional bias term which accounts for weather states being related to the absolute position on Earth. However, the effectiveness of different architectural components is not yet well understood. Here, we reproduce the 24 h forecast model of PGW based on subsampled 6-hourly data. We then present an ablation study of PGW to better understand the sensitivity to the model architecture and training procedure. We find that using a two-dimensional attention mechanism (2D Transformer) yields a model that is more robust to training, converges faster, and produces better forecasts compared to using the 3D Transformer. The 2D Transformer reduces the overall computational requirements by 20 %–30 %. Further, the Earth-specific positional bias term can be replaced with a relative bias, reducing the model size by nearly 40 %. A sensitivity study comparing the convergence of the PGW model and the 2D-Transformer model shows large batch effects; however, the 2D-Transformer model is more robust to such effects. Lastly, we propose a new training procedure that increases the speed of convergence for the 2D-Transformer model by 30 % without any further hyperparameter tuning.
Real-time 3D inspection of large civil structures using a stereoscopic camera system equipped UAV
Authors: Akca Devrim , Torkut Cagin , Kemper Gerhard , Kunz Noah , Caner Doga , Gruen Armin
Published: December 2024

Abstract. REALTIME3D is an innovative Mixed-Reality (MR) photogrammetry system that integrates photogrammetry, UAV technology, and VR/AR solutions to enable real-time 3D infrastructure inspection. By combining these technologies, the system allows users to remotely access, visualize, and measure 3D stereoscopic models in real time. An operator on-site pilots a UAV equipped with the stereo cameras, while experts, utilizing VR headsets, can observe and analyze the object of interest from remote locations. This approach enhances cost efficiency and safety during inspections of large-scale, critical structures. The paper introduces the first prototype of the system, detailing its hardware and software components.
Analyzing Target-, Handcrafted- and Learning-Based Methods for Automated 3D Measurement and Modelling
Authors: Perda Giulio , Morelli Luca , Remondino Fabio , Fraser Clive , Luhmann Thomas
Published: December 2024

Abstract. In industrial vision metrology, precise spatial measurement is vital for quality control and complex manufacturing, traditionally relying on target arrays for sub-pixel accuracy (0.05–0.1 pixels) and precision to beyond 1:200,000. However, target design, placement and measurement are often time-consuming and challenging for large-scale projects. Automated, markerless methods, generally called Structure-from-Motion (SfM), based on handcrafted algorithms or deep learning-based pipelines, offer greater flexibility but are not widely adopted due not only to concerns about reliability and precision, but also because in many industrial photogrammetry applications targets highlight particular feature points of interest, e.g. tooling points, holes and edges. This study reviews the differences between target-, handcrafted- and learning-based approaches, explores hybrid methods combining targets and natural features, and tests learning-based or handcrafted approaches against the traditional target-based method. Two end-to-end learning-based pipelines based on SuperPoint+LightGlue and KeyNet+AffNet+HardNet are evaluated. Results show that deep learning pipelines for tie point extraction provide enhanced automation but inferior triangulation precision, while being comparable to handcrafted methods.
Modeling the uncertainty of indirect calculations from 2D detected edges of projected 3D circular markers’ centers in photogrammetric systems
Authors: Saez de Egilaz Oier , Auzmendi Iriarte Iñigo , González de Alaiza Martínez Pedro , Leizea Ibai
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Optical markers’ centres’ calculation, indirectly inferred from fitted ellipses’ borders, is subject to uncertainties which arise from both noise in data and systematic errors and whose nonlinear propagation has a strong impact on the attainable overall uncertainty of industrial close-range photogrammetric systems. Based on both exhaustive experimental measurements and a revisit of pinhole projection theory mapping the 2D detected ellipses’ borders onto 3D circular markers’ borders, the detection’s precision, shown to be independent of systematic errors and markers’ size in the range of sizes 40–160 px, is characterized as a function of markers’ gray intensity and orientation, both of which measurable during image processing. The proposed model has two or three experimental coefficients which need to be customized according to the used camera-lens system and edge-detection algorithm.
Future permafrost degradation under climate change in a headwater catchment of central Siberia: quantitative assessment with a mechanistic modelling approach
Authors: Xavier Thibault , Orgogozo Laurent , Prokushkin Anatoly S. , Alonso-González Esteban , Gascoin Simon , Pokrovsky Oleg S.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Permafrost thawing as a result of climate change has major consequences locally and globally, both for the biosphere and for human activities. The quantification of its extent and dynamics under different climate scenarios is needed to design local adaptation and mitigation measures and to better understand permafrost climate feedbacks. To this end, numerical simulation can be used to explore the response of soil thermal and hydrological regimes to changes in climatic conditions. Mechanistic approaches minimise modelling assumptions by relying on the numerical resolution of continuum mechanics equations, but they involve significant computational effort. In this work, the permaFoam solver is used, along with high-performance computing resources, to assess the impact of four climate scenarios of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) on permafrost dynamics within a pristine, forest-dominated watershed in the continuous-permafrost zone. Using these century-timescale simulations, changes in the soil temperature, soil moisture, active layer thickness, and water fluxes are quantified, assuming no change in the vegetation cover. The most severe scenario (SSP5-8.5) suggests a dramatic increase in both the active layer thickness and annual evapotranspiration, with the maximum values on the watershed increasing by, respectively, +65 % and +35 % by 2100 compared to current conditions. For the active layer thickness, a variable that integrates both the thermal and hydrological states of the near-surface permafrost, this projected increase would correspond to a ∼350 km southward shift in current climatic conditions. Moreover, in this scenario, the thermal equilibrium of near-surface permafrost with the new climatic conditions would not be reached in 2100, suggesting a further thawing of permafrost even in the case in which climate change is halted.
Understanding household VMT generation: A comparative analysis with traditional statistical models and a machine-learning approach
Authors: Tian Guang , Danton Bob , Li Bin , Gopu Vijaya , Codjoe Julius A.
Published: December 2024

Planners and policy makers have long been interested in predicting people’s travel behaviors, including the number of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) they generate. Reducing VMT has come to be seen as a key strategy for lowering greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating their associated health effects, as well as for increasing sustainability and equity within communities and on a global scale. Emerging machine learning methods such as boosted regression trees (BRT) allow for the identification of comparative influences of different factors as well as their nonlinear and threshold effects on travel outcomes, but studies comparing the results of these methods with traditional statistical regressions have been scarce. This study is the first to compare these methods’ indications of the impacts of land-use patterns on VMT generation using a large multiregional dataset. The results indicate that the two methods perform similarly in predicting whether households generate any VMT and in predicting the number of VMT generated by those households that generate any. The results of the BRT model validate the statistical models’ indications that built environmental variables contribute significantly to VMT production, while further allowing for the identification of nonlinear impacts. Key thresholds and nonlinear effects of land-use variables on household VMT generation are identified from the BRT model. Both models indicate that land-use patterns that are denser, more diverse, and have increased access to transit result in reductions of vehicular trips and overall VMT, while the BRT model provides effective thresholds for these variables useful for developing planning solutions.
اكتشاف وتصنيف آفات وأمراض أوراق أشجار الزيتون باستخدام أمثل تقنيات التعلم العميقر
Authors: الروياتي علي , سويب ياسر , بلتو محمد
Published: December 2024

شهد عالم البحوث الزراعية تقدمًا هائلا في مجال استخدام التكنولوجيا والذكاء الاصطناعي لتحسين إنتاجية الزراعة ومكافحة الأمراض. يعد تصنيف أمراض وآفات أشجار الزيتون بالطرق التقليدية من أبرز المشاكل التي تواجهها البحوث الزراعية، حيث إنه من الصعب على الفلاحين التعرف على هذه الأمراض والآفات يدوياً واتخاذ الإجراءات اللازمة في الوقت المناسب، وحتى خبراء الآفات الزراعية يحتاجون إلى وقت وجهد لتحديد هذه الآفات والأمراض وتصنيفها. ومن هنا تقدم هذه الدراسة تجارب على مجموعة بيانات مجمعة محلياً تتكون من 4170 عينة من أوراق الزيتون والتي تتضمن آفة ذبابة الزيتون وآفة فراشة الياسمين وهي آفات شائعة في نبات الزيتون في ليبيا، وتتضمن أيضًا أوراقًا سليمة. كما تقدم هذه الدراسة تجارب على مجموعة بيانات متاحة في منصة (GitHub) والتي تحتوي على 6961 عينة من أوراق أشجار الزيتون والتي تتضمن آفة عث الصدأ ومرض عين الطاووس وتتضمن أيضًا أوراقًا سليمة. تم في هذه الدراسة استخدام إحدى تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي المبتكرة والتي أثبتت جدارتها والمتمثلة في الشبكات العصبية الالتفافية (CNN)، استخدمت هذه الدراسة التجريبية اثنين من نماذج الشبكة العصبية الالتفافية (CNN)، والمقارنة بين النماذج المدربة مسبقاً مع النماذج غير المدربة. في النماذج المدربة مسبقاً كانت أعلى دقة للنموذج (Xception) مع البيانات المحلية بدقة بلغت 99%، بينما النموذج المقترح غير المدرب كانت نتيجته أعلى دقة مع البيانات المحلية أيضا بنسبة 95%. بالإضافة إلى ذلك تطرقت هذه الدراسة إلى تأثير خوارزميات التحسين (Adam) و (SGD) على أداء النماذج المستخدمة في الدراسة. أظهرت نتيجة الدراسة أن خوارزمية التحسين (Adam) حققت نتائج أفضل مع البيانات المحلية والبيانات المتاحة في منصة (GitHub) من حيث دقة النتائج.
Predicting Electricity Consumption in Aceh Province Using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Gavinda Virza , Nurdin Nurdin , Fajriana Fajriana
Published: December 2024

Electricity is essential to nearly every aspect of modern life, from industrial sectors to household needs. In Aceh Province, the demand for electricity has consistently increased along with economic growth, urbanization, and population expansion. Various studies indicate that rising electricity consumption is closely linked to economic growth and industrialization. This study uses the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method with the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to predict electricity consumption in Aceh Province. The research addresses the significant increase in electricity consumption driven by economic growth and urbanization in the region. Electricity consumption data from January 2018 to December 2022 was utilized as the basis for modeling. The results indicate a 32.4% increase in electricity consumption over the past five years. The predictive model achieved high accuracy with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.41%, demonstrating its reliability in forecasting future electricity needs. Projections through 2030 show a continuous increase, reaching 482 GWh by the end of the period. These findings are expected to support decision-making in sustainable energy planning and providing adequate electricity infrastructure in Aceh. This study highlights the effectiveness of the Me-tropolis-Hastings algorithm in handling complex data with high variability, providing valuable insights for long-term energy planning
Universalidad, faccionalismo y exclusión. Democracia representativa y democracia populista en la obra de Nadia Urbinati
Authors: Sánchez Piñeiro David
Published: December 2024

La politóloga Nadia Urbinati sostiene que el populismo no es un movimiento antidemocrático. A pesar de ello, establece una contraposición entre “democracia representativa” y “democracia “populista”. La primera tendría como lógica constitutiva la sinécdoque (pars pro toto), mientras que la segunda se correspondería con una lógica faccional (pars pro parte). Tomando como punto de partida su definición de democracia representativa, y contrastándola con la teoría del populismo de Ernesto Laclau y Chantal Mouffe, se argumentará que, lejos de representar una “desfiguración” de los principios democráticos fundamentales, el populismo se construye sobre la misma matriz representativa (en la cual la sinécdoque juega un papel central) y opera con mecanismos de exclusión compartidos por el resto de movimientos democráticos.
تخطيط الموارد البشرية ودوره في تعزيز المركز التنافسي لمنظمات الأعمال (دراسة على العاملين في هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية)
Authors:   ماجستير في إدارة الأعمال التنفيذي، جامعة الطائف، المملكة العربية السعودية, الغنام ماجد
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة دور تخطيط الموارد البشرية في تعزيز المركز التنافسي لمنظمات الأعمال، وخاصة من خلال دراسة العاملين في هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية. يعد تخطيط الموارد البشرية أحد أهم العناصر التي تسهم في تحسين أداء المنظمة وفاعليتها، وذلك من خلال ضمان استقطاب الكفاءات المؤهلة وتطويرها بما يتماشى مع احتياجات المنظمة المتغيرة في العصر الحديث. يتناول البحث أهمية تخطيط الموارد البشرية، وكيفية تأثيره على القدرة التنافسية للمنظمات. كما يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على واقع تخطيط الموارد البشرية في منظمات الأعمال بالمملكة العربية السعودية، وتحليل العلاقة بين هذا التخطيط وتعزيز المركز التنافسي للمنظمات. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المسحي باستخدام الاستبيان على عينة مكونة من (65) موظف من العاملين في هيئة التقييس لدول مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج مهمة أبرزها: موافقة أفراد الدراسة على أن المنظمة تقوم بمتابعة وتقييم تنفيذ خطط الموارد البشرية بصورة مستمرة، وكذلك أن المنظمة تضع استراتيجيات لاستقطاب وتعيين الأكفأ لشغل الوظائف المتاحة، وأن المنظمة تشجيع المنسوبين على حضور البرامج التدريبية لتعزيز مهاراتهم وكفاءتهم المهنية، وكذلك تقديم برامج تدريبية تتناسب مع الاحتياجات الوظيفية للمنسوبين، وأن هناك خطة شاملة وفق مسارات مهنية ووظيفية محددة تُحفز المنسوبين، وكذلك أنه يتم مراعاة الشفافية في صرف حوافز المنسوبين، وفي في ضوء النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها قدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات المهمة والمفيدة.
أثر القراءة العلمية على فهم النص العلمي في مادة العلوم لدى طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة في مدينة الرياض
Authors:   دكتوراه بالمناهج وطرق التدريس، رئيس قسم البرامج التدريبية، وزارة التعليم، المملكة العربية السعودية, النملة سليمان
Published: December 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن أثر القراءة العلمية على فهم النص العلمي في مادة العلوم لدى طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة في مدينة الرياض؛ ولتحقيق ذلك استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي ذي التصميم شبه التجريبي القائم على استخدام نموذج المجموعة الواحدة، ذي القياسين القبلي والبعدي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (25) طالباً من طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة خلال الفصل الدراسي الأول لمدارس التعليم العام، من العام الدراسي (1446هـ/2024)، وقام الباحث ببناء خطة لتطبيق القراءة العلمية في صفوف العلوم، كما أعدَّ الباحث مقياس فهم النص العلمي للطلاب. وقد كشفت النتائج عن وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05<)، بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية للطلاب، في التطبيقين القبلي والبعدي لمقياس فهم النص العلمي، وذلك عند جميع مستويات أسئلة قياس فهم النص العلمي التي مثّلها المقياس وعند المقياس ككل، وكانت الفروق لصالح التطبيق البعدي؛ وتدل هذه النتيجة على وجود أثر إيجابي للقراءة العلمية على فهم النص العلمي لدى الطلاب. وفي ضوء ما توصل له البحث من نتائج يوصي الباحث بالاستفادة من مقياس فهم النص العلمي لدى الطلاب، الذي أعده الباحث في هذه الدراسة، من أجل الكشف عن فهم الطلاب للنصوص العلمية لدى الطلاب، وضرورة تركيز معلمي العلوم للمرحلة المتوسطة بصورة خاصة، ومعلمي العلوم بجميع المراحل بصورة عامة، على القراءة العلمية، وعلى قياس وتقويم فهم الطلاب للنصوص العلمية.
تحرير محل النزاع في معنى الاستحسان وحجيته وأنواعه
Authors:   باحث في برنامج دكتوراه الفقه وأصوله، جامعة القدس، فلسطين, طروه زياد , عساف محمد ,   بروفيسور في الفقه وأصوله، رئيس قسم الفقه والتشريع ومنسق برنامج ماجستير الفقه والتشريع وأصوله، كلية الدعوة وأصول الدين، جامعة القدس، فلسطين
Published: December 2024

تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوع حجية الاستحسان وأنواعه وتحرر محل النزاع فيه، فالعلماء في الاستحسان، بين مُنكرٍ ومُجيزٍ، فالمنكر ناظرٌ للمسألة على أنها من باب الهوى والتلذذ، والمجيز ناظرٌ للمسألة على أنها من الأدلة التبعية المهمة التي ترفع الحرج عن الأمة إذا وقع، كلٌّ ينظر بحَسَب معناه الحقيقي الذي تَبيَّن له. وبهذا فقد أنبنى هذا البحث من مقدمة، وأربعة مباحث وخاتمة، وتحت كل مبحث عدة مطالب، فالمبحث الأول: تعريف الاستحسان، والمبحث الثاني: تحرير محل النزاع، والمبحث الثالث: حجية الاستحسان، والمبحث الرابع: أنواع الاستحسان. تم اتباع المنهج الاستقرائي المقارن وذلك عن طريق استقراء الكتب والأبحاث، ذات العلاقة بالموضوع، التي تحدثت عن معنى الاستحسان وخلاف العلماء فيه، ثم مقارنتها وترجيح ما هو أقرب للصواب، دون تعصب لأحد، وكذلك المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وذلك من خلال التمعن في الكتب والأبحاث والمواقع الإلكترونية التي كتبت في المسألة، حيث تم باستخراج أهم المواضيع، التي يمكن الاعتماد عليها، في كتابة البحث العلمي. وكان من نتائج هذه الدراسة أنَّ السبب الرئيسي في الاختلاف بين العلماء في الاستحسان، هو الخلاف في معنى الاستحسان ولو أنهم اتفقوا في تحديد معناه ما اختلفوا في حكمه. ثم تبين من خلال الاستقراء بأن الاستحسان المرفوض عند الإمام الشافعي هو الاستحسان القائم على غير دليل معتبر وهو الذي عبر عنه بالهوى والتشهي. وهذا يرفضه الجميع. أما الاستحسان المستند للشريعة ومصالحها فهم متفقون عليه.