bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecting bird’s eggs in the diet of raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
Authors: Bahlke Sofie Ørts , Nash David Richard , Pedersen Jes Søe , Hansen Mette Sif , Chriél Mariann , Pagh Sussie
Published: February 2022

Diet studies of carnivores are often based on analysis of prey remains found in scats or stomachs. In these analyses differences in decomposition rate and the degree of digestion of the prey item must be taken into consideration. In studies of raccoon dog diets, eggshells are rarely found. This may be due to three possible scenarios, which may act in combination: 1) raccoon dogs rarely eat bird´s eggs in the wild, 2) raccoon dogs eat eggs without swallowing shell parts, 3) rapid digestion of swallowed eggshells, so that they are only present briefly in stomach contents. In this study, the feeding behaviour of raccoon dogs on eggs of different sizes was observed under semi-natural conditions in an enclosure and the dissolution time of eggshells was examined. Dissolution time of eggshells of different thicknesses was tested experimentally using different concentrations of hydrochloric acid. The study showed a negative relationship between egg size/shell thickness and the amount of shell ingested by the raccoon dog. No eggshell, independent of bird species, was degraded beyond detectability after 12 hours in hydrochloric acid at pH 3.3. A correction factor estimating the mass of eggshell (g) ingested by the raccoon dog was calculated from the dry mass of eggshell found in the stomach or scat. Also the amount of eggshell estimated to be degraded by gastric acid is given. This correction factor ranged from 14 to 282 depending on eggshell thickness and egg size. From this study, it can be concluded that raccoon dogs do ingest some eggshell and that it is possible to detect eggshells in stomachs and scats of raccoon dogs, suggesting that the lack of eggshell in diet samples probably reflects a low proportion of eggs in the diet and/or preying more heavily on large eggs that are cracked open and have their contents eaten, rather than small eggs that are eaten shell-and-all.
Geometrical morphology characterization and taxa identification of land Snail populationsin Algeria
Authors: Bouchiba Ibtessem , Metahri Rafaa , Ameur Ameur Abdelakder , Gaouar Semir Bechir Suheil
Published: February 2022

In the context of the evaluation of animal genetic resources in general and the diversity of land snails in particular, we contributed to a morphometric and phenotypic study of this animal groupes 14 districts whose, they are recognized by their snail production. To achieve the objective measurements with geometrical approaches were collected from 751 individuals. Four parameters related to the body of each animal as the height of the shell (HC), the length of shells (LC),shell width (LGC) and the weight (P) and two phenotypic characters flesh color (CCH) and shell color (CC). The ANOVA test show a significant differences on body measurements between districts andspecies. In fact, the obtained results show that the Otala punctate is the most common species in Algeria; otherwise, there is significant phenotype variability betweenindividuals, which confirms that snails exhibit a large polymorphism. An Independence test was carried out on the phenotypic characteristics revealing that the regions influence the qualitative characteristics.This study it one of very few research undertaken in this field especially in Algeria. It is an important approach to be taken into consideration during conservation and improvement programs for this endangered species because of illegalpickup.
Aquaculture of Heterotis niloticus in Sub-Saharan Africa: Potentials and Perspectives
Authors: Wikondi Jeanne , Tonfack Djouatsa Juvenal , Meutchieye Félix , Tomedi Tabi Minette
Published: February 2022

The review was carried out during the months of October 2019 to July 2020. The goal was to carry out a literature review on aquaculture of Heterotis niloticus in order to contribute to a better knowledge of the breeding of commonly named African bonytongue in Africa. The review, based on 41 published papers starting from 1980 to 2020 concerning common fish and Heterotis niloticus farming research in Africa. The most farmed fish species documented were in order of importance, Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus, Cyprinus carpio and the less documented was Heterotis niloticus. Heterotis niloticus is microphagous and omnivorous species. The standard and total length of male and female are statistically close but their body weight is different according to gender. The fingerlings of H. niloticus grows rapidly with a diet 36% of protein and 6% of lipids. In Africa, the Specific Growth Rate (SGR) of Heterotis niloticus varies between 3.22g/day to 4g/day. The GonadoSomatic Index (GSI) varies to 0.003% -0.6% and to 0.2%-2.2% respectively for male and female, which is correlated with period of spawning. The aquaculture of Heterotis niloticus has huge potentials in high fish demanding environment and therefore needs accurate data
Commitment to Passenger Safety in Arab Jurisdictions
Authors: Kadhum Mohaimen Ismael
Published: February 2022

Considering the expanding literature on public transportation, which covers topics as diverse as railway disruption management and electric vehicle scheduling, few people are aware of the legal frameworks that support public transportation networks. Nonetheless, such regimes are critical to successful public transportation management because they define the rights and duties of public transportation operators and passengers, with the goal of limiting passenger annoyance and injury while also improving their overall safety. We look at a key component of public transportation, namely the transporter's dedication to passenger safety, as it is practiced in Arab countries like Egypt and Iraq. We do so by drawing on the French legal system, which has impact-ed the development of pertinent legislation in those countries substantially. Our research is qualitative and analytic in nature, and it is based on legislation, textbooks, journals, and official governmental publications. It helps to raise knowledge about the legal implications of public transportation.
The Problems Affecting the Implementation of Posyandu Program: A Literature Review
Authors: Suparto Tirta Adikusuma , Nur Azizah Nadia , Andriyani Septian , Wahyoe Puspita Asih Purwandari , Hermayanti Yanti
Published: February 2022

Integrated Health Post for Child Center/Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) is a form of community-based health program carried out by, from, and along with the community to empower and provide facilities for the community to obtain health services for mothers, babies, and toddlers. Posyandu activities include: KIA, family planning, immunization, nutrition, diarrhea prevention. Posyandu in Indonesia still faced several problems. This study aimed at investigating the problems that affect the implementation of Posyandu program and actions to improve Posyandu program services. The method used in this study was literature review. The literatures used in this study were the search results through national and international journals. National includes google scholar [https://scholar.google.co.id/] and international includes Pubmed [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed] with the keyword “Problems and Posyandu Program” published in 2016-2020. Based on the search results, 8 national and 2 international articles related to the topic and in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria were found. The results of 10 literature reviews show there are several fundamental problems of Posyandu program in Indonesia, namely: 1) the low role of Posyandu cadres; 2) the lack of understanding on the benefit of Posyandu program; 3) The lack of participation in Posyandu activities; 4) The lack of facilities and infrastructure for Posyandu activities; and 5) the lack of cross-program and cross-sector cooperation.  In addition, there are 5 actions needed to solve the problems. The first action is to conduct a training program for Posyandu cadres. The second one is to conduct regular outreach at Posyandu for mothers and families by trained cadres. The third one is to improve the facilities and infrastructure in Posyandu. The fourth one is to provide both material and immaterial incentives for an active Posyandu’s cadre. Lastly, the fifth action is to increase advocacy efforts to related parties. Posyandu program are still facing problems affecting its implementation. Therefore, the posyandu  revitalization actions are needed. The main key lies in increasing cadres' capacity through training.
TINJAUAN ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DAN AIR LIMBAH UNTUK PERENCANAAN SISTEM PENYALURAN AIR LIMBAH DI PERUMAHAN BUMI CIRUAS PERMAI 1 KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Pangesti Frebhika Sri Puji , Ariesmayana Ade
Published: February 2022

Perumahan Bumi Ciruas Permai I  terletak di Kecamatan Ciruas Kabupaten Serang. Kawasan ini mempunyai luas sebesar 253.839 m2 dan jumlah populasi penduduknya sebesar 1352 jiwa. Jumlah penduduk dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat, dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk tersebut berakibat kebutuhan air bersih dan air limbah yang ada di Perumahan Bumi Ciruas Permai I juga mengalami peningkatan. Wilayah perumahan Bumi Ciruas Permai I berdasarkan area beresiko sanitasi termasuk kedalam kategori sanitasi sangat tinggi. Greywater yang dihasilkan langsung dibuang ke saluran drainase tanpa pengolahan, sedangkan sisa air buangan (black water) yang mengandung urine dan tinja akan ditampung ke dalam tangki septic. Upaya meminimalisir pencemaran diperlukan perencanaan sistem penyaluran air limbah dengan sistem terpusat, sehingga diperlukan peninjauan tingkat kebutuhan air bersih dan air limbah pada wilayah tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan didapatkan total kebutuhan air bersih domestik dan kebutuhan air non domestik (fasilitas umum) pada Perumahan Bumi Ciruas Permai I tahun 2029  sebesar 316.546 liter/hari.Debit air limbah  masyarakat Perumahan Bumi Ciruas Permai I sebesar 253,237 m3/hari, sedangkan debit air limbah grey water sebesar 189,92 m3/hari. Hasil perhitungan tersebut akan dijadikan dasar dalam perencanaan sistem penyaluran air limbah sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat No. 4 Tahun 2017 Tentang Penyelenggaran Sistem Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik (SPALD).
Analysis of Net Profit and Car Based on PSAK 71 on Stock Prices in Registered Banking Companies
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business Perbanas Institute, Wijayanti Inung
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of Net Profit and CAR which is calculated based on the provisions of PSAK 71 which is effective January 1, 2020 on stock prices. The sample of this study consisted of 32 banking companies in 2020 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis in this study and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The test results in this study indicate that net income and CAR based on PSAK 71 simultaneously affect stock prices. NPL (Non-Performing Loan) strengthens the effect of Net Income on Share Prices. NPL also strengthens the effect of CAR on stock prices.
Structural Equality Model the Influence of Socio-Cultural and Socio-Economic Status on Postpartum Status in Way Kanan District
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, Indonesia, Puspita Sari Ratna Dewi
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study aims to explain postnatal health status which is influenced by socio-cultural, socio-economic conditions, and health services in the family. Methods: The research location is in Way Kanan, Lampung Province, using quantitative descriptive methods. Housewives who live in Way Kanan in 2015 – 2020 as a population. The sample size assumes the number of question indicators in the questionnaire (31 indicators), each indicator assumes 5-10 respondents. Analysis of the influence between variables and indicators using SEM (structural equation modeling) analysis. Findings: Economic status has a positive effect on the health of the home environment and maternal health during pregnancy. Socio-culture has a positive effect on the health of the home environment, the health of pregnant women, and postpartum health status. The health of the home environment has a positive effect on postnatal health status. Postnatal health status is influenced by socio-economic, socio-cultural, health services, and environmental health (84.1%), while the rest (15.9%) is influenced by other factors. Conclusion: The better the economic status of the family, the better the health condition of the home environment. The better the socio-cultural support will improve the health condition of the home environment. The better the economic status of the family, the health during pregnancy will increase. Support for good socio-cultural aspects will improve postnatal health status. The better the health condition of the home environment, the better the postnatal health status.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Menyusui Tentang Kb Alamiah Metode Amenore Laktasi di Klinik Bidan Kristina Perumnas Kalsim Kota Sidikalang Tahuan 2021
Authors: Manik Risda Mariana , Sinabariba Merlina , Simamora Pulsiola Natalia
Published: February 2022

Metode Amenore Laktasi adalah kontrasepsi yang mengandalkan pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) secara eksklusif artinya hanya diberikan ASI saja tanpa pemeberian makanan tambahan atau minuman apapun. (Srihandayani, 2018). Penggunaan kontrasepsi alamiah Metode Amenorea Laktasi (MAL) secara tidak langsung memberikan dampak pengurangan resiko kematian ibu akibat perdarahan pasca persalinan (Melyani,2017). Metode Amenorea Laktasi (MAL) adalah kontrasepsi yang mengandalkan pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) secara eksklusif. Keuntungan MAL diantaranya efektivitas tinggi 98% dan tanpa biaya. Keuntungan untuk bayi yaitu bayi mendapatkan antibodi melalui ASI dan sebagai sumber asupan gizi untuk tumbuh kembang bayi Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di Puskesmas Bangetayu, diperoleh hasil bahwa sebanyak 10 dari 12 ibu hamil trimester III belum pernah mendapatkan penyuluhan atau informasi tentang metode amenorea laktasi (MAL). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini di tentukan dengan teknik metode Accidental Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 20 orang. Dari hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan pengetahuan ibu menyusui sebahagian besar berpengatahuan cukup, pendidikan SMA sebanyak 11 orang (55%), berpendidikan SMA sebanyak 10 orang (50%) dan mayoritas pekerjaan sebagai Petani sebanyak 11 orang (55%) berpengetahuan baik. Saran kepada tenaga kesehatan agar dapat menerapkan metode Alamiah Amenore Laktasi kepada ibu yang menyusui dan kepada peneliti selanjutnya supaya menjadi masukan untuk menambah wawasan, informasi dan panduan dalam penelitian lebih lanjut tentang KB Alamiah Metode Amenore Laktasi (MAL).
Nigeria's Perpetual Underdevelopment and Theory of Development Policy
Authors: Fashola Mashhud
Published: February 2022

The paper revealed how Nigeria has remained perpetually underdeveloped by various development indicators. To explain Nigeria’s perpetual underdevelopment, the paper presented a Structural Theory of Development Policy. The theory postulates an interrelationship among four components of any economic system, comprising policy instruments (vector x), external exogenous variables (vector u), target and non-target

endogenous variables (vectors y and z), impacting welfare function w(y), as illustrated below:

The theory elucidates perpetual underdevelopment by the following obstacles:

(i) Perverted articulation of development objectives

(ii) Deficient knowledge of the economic system

(iii) Excessive vulnerability to external factors

(iv) Limited capacity for policy implementation

The resolution of these obstacles was discussed. However, the deficient knowledge of the economic system was considered the critical factor for extensive empirical analysis. A classical illustration is the foreign-exchange excess-demand theory, empirically proven to be a false paradigm, inapplicable to the Nigerian economy characterized by overwhelming dependence on primary commodity exports, price and income inelastic demand for goods and services, double-digit inflation rate, severe political instability, and unbridled corruption fuelling capital flight. Comprehensive econometric analysis for Nigeria negated the foreign exchange excess demand theory in all its ramifications, justifying the need for foreign exchange market regulation.
Implication of Business Strategy in Indian Automobile Industry: A Case of Tata Motors
Authors: Nayak Yashavantha G. , Shinde Robin M. , Praveena
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Strategic Analysis is a process of business organization which involves studying the business environment and its operations. For the effective decision making and smooth functioning of business organization, the strategic planning is an essential tool. An Indian multinational automobile manufacturing firm founded in 1945 by the Tata group under the name TELCO (Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company). Indian automaker Tata Motors is the biggest in the world. Since Tata Motors was founded, the company has been engaged in many charitable endeavours, including philanthropy. Strategic planning took a major role in the growth and profitability perspectives of this company. Tata Motors' acquisition of Jaguar and Land Rover is a unique example of a corporation making a strategic decision based on its internal strengths and external opportunities in order to succeed in a competitive market. Tata Motors sought to broaden the scope of its offering and the geographic scope of its market. A steady rise in the number of mergers in the Indian business has been observed over the past decade. Recently completed mergers and acquisitions are a good indicator of an industry's level of competitiveness, potentials, and capabilities. This research is undertaken to examine the firm's potential and capabilities by comparing its performance before and after mergers and acquisition.
Design/Methodology/Approach: When a company expanding its operations in the global level, some factors such as Economic, technological, customer-segment and international competitions will take a major role. The author of this paper has studied the growth of TATA Motors, both domestically and globally, in this study. For the purpose of the study secondary data is collected through various sources such as journals, research articles, newspaper articles and websites of Tata Motors and other ventures.
Findings/Result: The study highlights the critics of Tata Motors' acquisition desire factor out that the timing of the deal is affecting the worldwide economy. The call for business and passenger motors declined because of a slowdown with inside the home and international economy. The newly introduced Tata Nexon could be a game changer for the electric car market in the country due to India's large population and rising standard of living. Due to lack of innovation and major competitors in the market Tata Motors needs to be more innovative in its approach.
Originality/Value: This paper studies the effectiveness of mergers and acquisitions in terms of change in company’s potentiality and capabilities.
Paper Type: Research Case study based on Company Strategic Analysis.
Effects of urbanization on Odonata assemblages in tropical island streams in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Authors: Maldonado-Benítez Norman , Mariani-Ríos Ashley , Ramírez Alonso
Published: February 2022

Urbanization has considerable impacts on stream ecosystems. Streams in urban settings are affected by multiple stressors such as flow modifications and loss of riparian vegetation. The richness and abundance of aquatic insects, such as odonates, directly reflect these alterations and can be used to assess urban impacts on streams. The effects of urbanization on odonate richness and abundance on tropical islands is as yet poorly understood. The objective of this study is to identify the effects of urbanization on stream habitat quality and associated odonate assemblages in Puerto Rico. We sampled 16 streams along a rural to urban gradient in the San Juan Metropolitan Area, where each stream was characterized using the Stream Visual Assessment Protocol (SVAP) for Puerto Rico and by analyzing their surrounding land cover. A 100-m segment of each stream was surveyed to assess adult odonate richness and abundance during the rainy and dry seasons. Adults were identified visually, and their abundance was recorded. Favorable local scale factors, like improved habitat quality, as measured with the SVAP, resulted in higher abundances of odonates. However, regional factors such as percent urban cover did not appear to significantly affect richness and abundances of odonates. Overall, our study indicates that odonate assemblages are affected by the loss of habitat integrity, and conservation of tropical odonates may benefit from focusing on local scale factors.
Evaluation of Human Leucocyte Antigen Mediated Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness and Platelet Crossmatching Assay in Patients with Hematologic Disorders
Authors: Neanaey Wafaa A. , Deghady Akram A. , Nafea Dalia A. , Fahmy Nada M. , Gouda Asmaa M.
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Platelet refractoriness complicates the platelet transfusion, which is essential for managing thrombocytopenia in patients with hematological disorders. It is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased health care costs. We conducted a prospective study to determine the effectiveness of cross-matched compatible platelets in a group of patients refractory to platelets from random donors and to evaluate human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mediated refractoriness. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 40 patients with different hematological disorders requiring platelet transfusions who were refractory to random platelets and presented to the hematology unit of Alexandria's main university hospitals between May 2020 and March 2021. They received 60 ABO-compatible platelet transfusions, either leuco-reduced or random donor platelets, stored for no more than 72 hours. A solid-phase red cell adherence technique (SPRCA) was used for platelet crossmatching. The corrected count increment (CCI) was used to monitor the effectiveness of each platelet transfusion with a cut-off value of 5 × 103/µL at 1 hour and 2.5 × 103/µL at 24 hours. Anti-HLA antibodies were assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: Out of 60 cross matches, 47 (78.3%) were compatible, and 13 (21.7%) were incompatible. Among 47 compatible results, 30 (63.8%) showed adequate CCI and 17 (36.2%) showed inadequate CCI at 1-hour post-transfusion. Among the incompatible results, 3 (23.1%) had adequate CCI and 10 (76.9%) had inadequate CCI. Significant improvements were found in the mean CCI when comparing cross-matched compatible platelets and incompatible platelets at 1hour or 24 hours (p=0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). From the 40 studied patients, HLA alloimmunization was present in 18 patients (45.0%) and absent in the remaining 22 patients (55.0%). In the absence of HLA alloimmunization, patients showed significantly better responses at 1 hour and 24 hours (p =0.001 and p =0.015, respectively). There was better sensitivity of platelet crossmatching with random donor platelet concentrates than single donor platelet concentrates. Conclusions: Platelet crossmatching using SPRCA and HLA screening are effective and rapid tools for better management of patients' refractory to platelet transfusions.
Reliability and Responsiveness of Endurance Shuttle Walk Test to Estimate Functional Exercise Capacity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Amber Shagufa , Mujaddadi Aqsa , Moiz Jamal Ali
Published: February 2022

The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) is a simple, acceptable, field-based test first established in 1999 to measure endurance exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this systematic review was to examine the reliability and responsiveness of ESWT in COPD. Of the 791 articles identified through electronic databases, 17 were included in this review. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, and as per Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurements Instruments, the quality of the studies was graded as low for reliability and moderate for responsiveness. Qualitative analysis indicated inadequate evidence for the reliability of the ESWT in patients with COPD. The meta-analysis found strong evidence that ESWT was responsive to change following pulmonary rehabilitation with an estimated mean difference (ESWT time, seconds) 303.19 s (95% CI: 175.63–430.75; p < 0.001), ambulatory oxygen with a mean difference (ESWT time, seconds) 129.04 s (95% CI: 47.98–210.09; p = 0.002), and (ESWT mean distance, meters) 80.71 m (95% CI: 38.66–122.76; p < 0.001). The ESWT was also responsive to bronchodilation with a mean difference of 168.62 m (95% CI: 117.03–220.21; p < 0.001). Our findings suggest the strong potential of ESWT as a responsive test in COPD, but to draw a definitive conclusion regarding the reliability of the ESWT, further research is needed in this population.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA BIRO JASA LO ISE KABUPATEN ASAHAN
Authors: Handri May
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Kualitas Pelayanan, Harga, dan Kepuasan pelanggan biro jasa lo ise kabupaten asahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode deskriptif, jenis penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif, data primer yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pada perusahaan sebanyak 73 karyawan. Sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik sampel jenuh dimana seluruh populasi akan digunakan sebagai sampel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis linier berganda Hasil pengujian yang menunjukkan variabel kualitas pelayanan dan harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada biro jasa lo ise Kabupaten Asahan
Method of processing data obtained during RATAN-600 West sector surveys with static antenna
Authors: Kudryashova A.A. , Bursov N.N.
Published: February 2022

In this paper we present results of designing of the methods of processing data obtained at the RATAN-600 West sectorstatic antenna during the all-year continuous survey at the declination of the source GRS 1915+105. Shapes of antennaebeams were investigated as well as oblique transitions of point sources across them.
AstroMagick: software for controlling and adapting the surface of the main mirror of the Millimetron space observatory
Authors: Lyakhovets A.O. , Andrianov A.S. , Arkhipov M.Yu. , Golubev E.S.
Published: February 2022

The paper provides an overview of the capabilities and algorithms of the AstroMagick software package developed at theFIAN Astro Space Center. AstroMagick is designed to control the surface and reﬁne algorithms for adapting the main mirrorof the Millimetron space observatory. AstroMagick is used in modeling, developing, manufacturing, testing, mounting andadapting the parts of Millimetron main mirror.
Corrections of the operational orbit of the “Spectr-RG” spacecraft in order to ensure the specified conditions of radio visibility from Russian ground stations
Authors: Mikhailov E.
Published: February 2022

“Spectr-RG” launch postponement lead to problems with radio visibility from Russian control stations. The issue can besolved by changing operational orbit out-of-ecliptic amplitude with correction impulses mostly perpendicular to the ecliptic.Two correction strategies have been developed. One of these strategies was chosen for implementation.
Determination of sunskirters’ orbits on the example of comet 323P/SOHO
Authors: Pavlov S. , Medvedev Yu.
Published: February 2022

On the example of comet 323P/SOHO we demonstrate the method of orbit determination applied to sungrazing cometsobserved by SOHO telescope in several appearances. In this method, we determine several sets with non-gravitationalacceleration parameters depending on the time interval when the corresponding non-gravitational forces were active. Thisapproach helps us to unite all the available observations by one orbit, besides the change of non-gravitational forces overtime becomes apparent. Furthermore, we analyzed the accuracy of observations made by SOHO compared to ground-basedoptical observations. Here we determine photo-center oﬀset and show that the center-of-mass for comet 323P/SOHO verylikely to match the center-of-light of positional observations. We also estimated some physical parameters of the comet, inparticular, the diameter of the nucleus corresponding to its absolute magnitude. The retrospective orbit evaluation was alsoconsidered.
Metrics in The Space of Keplerian Orbits and in the Family of Its Quotient Spaces
Authors: Shchepalova A.
Published: February 2022

The distance functions on the set of Keplerian orbits play an important role in solving the problems of searching for theparent bodies of meteoroid streams. A special kind of function is the distances in the quotient spaces of orbits. Three metricsof this type were developed earlier. These metrics allow disregarding the longitude of the ascending node or the argumentof pericenter, or both. Recently, we introduced one more quotient space, where two orbits are considered to be identical ifthey diﬀer only in their longitudes of nodes and arguments of pericenters, but have the same sum of these elements (thelongitude of pericenter).
Accretion and wind modulation in T Tauri star RY Tau: a planet at 0.2 AU?
Authors: Artemenko S. , Babina E. , Grankin K. , Petrov P.
Published: February 2022

Spectral and photometric monitoring of CTTS RY Tau in 2013–2021 revealed variations in the H α and Na i D lines atradial velocities of infall (accretion) and outﬂow (wind) with a period of about 22 days. The Na i D absorption in theinfalling and outﬂowing gas changes in anti-phase: an increase in the density of infalling gas is accompanied by a decreasein the wind density, and vice versa. The ﬂuctuations remain coherent for several years of observation. We assume that theobserved eﬀect may be due to processes at the disk-magnetosphere boundary in MHD propeller mode. The stability of theoscillation phase indicates the possible presence of a massive planet, causing azimuthal asymmetry of the accretion andwind ﬂows. If the observed period (22 days) is Keplerian, then the planet is located at a distance of 0.2 AU and moves withan orbital velocity of 100 km s −1 .
The mass function of pre-main sequence stars
Authors: Eretnova O. , Dudorov A.
Published: February 2022

The information about 26 pre-man sequence (PMS) binary stars and 34 stars with protoplanetary disks with well determinedmasses from the observations is collected. We constructed the mass distribution of PMS stars and approximated it with apower law dN ∼M −γ dM . The slope is γ = 2.16±0.17 for stars in a mass range of 0.6M ⊙ < M < 6.3M ⊙ , which is close tothe Salpeter mass function. Over the entire mass range, the mass distribution of young stars may be approximated with alognormal law, which the most probable mass M prob = (0.78 ± 0.12)M ⊙ .
IRAS 02143+5852: W Vir Cepheid with a dust shell
Authors: Ikonnikova N. , Burlak M. , Shugarov S. , Belinskii A. , Fedoteva A. , Tatarnikov A. , Dodin A. , Potanin S. , Atapin K. , Zheltoukhov S.
Published: February 2022

We present the results of multicolor (U BV R C I C JHK) photometry and low resolution spectroscopy of the poorly studiedpost-AGB candidate IRAS 02143+5852. A Cepheid-like brightness variability with the pulsation period of about 24.8 daysand the full peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.9 mag in the V -band was found. The spectral type varies from F3I at maximumto F8I at minimum light. A strong Hα emission line appears on the ascending branch of the light curve. Unlike typicalW Vir variables, IRAS 02143+5852 has a signiﬁcant infrared excess of radiation associated with the presence of a heavydust envelope around the star. We computed a dust shell model to obtain the parameters of the envelope.
On giant pulses in radio pulsars
Authors: Malov I.
Published: February 2022

Analysis of parameters for radio pulsars with detected giant pulses (GPs) is given. Several models proposed for the expla-nation of an appearance of GPs are discussed. These models diﬀer by the location of regions where GPs are generated.One of them works near the neutron star surface, some others operate in the pulsar magnetosphere and even at the lightcylinder. It is very probable that there are diﬀerent models for diﬀerent types of GPs.
Wray 15-906 low mass Luminous Blue Variable on a pre-supernova stage
Authors: Maryeva O. , Gvaramadze V. , Kniazev A. , Berdnikov L.
Published: February 2022

Evolutionary link between Red Supergiants and Luminous Blue variables is interesting, but still poorly understood. Wepresent the results of study of the Galactic candidate luminous blue variable Wray 15-906, revealed via detection of itsinfrared circumstellar shell (of ≈ 2 pc in diameter) with the Wide-ﬁeld Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and the HerschelSpace Observatory. Using the stellar atmosphere code CMFGEN and the Gaia parallax, we found that Wray 15-906 is arelatively low-luminosity, log(L/L ⊙ ) ≈ 5.4, star of temperature of 25 ± 2 kK. In the framework of single star evolution,the obtained results suggest that Wray 15-906 is a post-red supergiant star with initial mass of ≈ 25 M ⊙ and that beforeexploding as a supernova it could transform for a short time into a WN11h star. The presence of shell with mass 2.9±0.5 M ⊙indicates that Wray 15-906 has suﬀered substantial mass loss in the recent past.
Supernovae search in the Zwicky Transient Facility Data Releases
Authors: Novinskaya A. , Pruzhinskaya M.V. , Malanchev K.L. , Kornilov M.V. , Mondon F. , Volnova A.A. , Aleo P.D. , Ishida E.E.O. , Korolev V.S. , Sreejith S.
Published: February 2022

The discovery of new astrophysical phenomena, as well as the study of already known transients, are among the most expectedresults of the next generation of large-scale astronomical sky surveys. Prompt data processing using modern machine learningtechniques allows us to quickly classify objects and provides information for their further study. For the last three yearsthe SNAD team is working on developing a pipeline where human expertise and modern machine learning algorithmscomplement each other in the task of identifying unusual astronomical objects. In this paper, we applied the active anomalydetection algorithm to the Zwicky Transient Facility Data Releases. As a result, we discovered 37 supernova candidates, 21of which are discovered for the ﬁrst time.
Flares and coronal mass ejections for stars of different classes
Authors: Sadovski A. , Struminsky A.
Published: February 2022

According to observations the number of ﬂares on diﬀerent stars almost do not change from dwarf to hot stars. The numberof stellar coronal mass ejections (CME’s) and their properties are estimated assuming the same statistical relations asobtained for the Sun. We made the estimates of a magnetic ﬁeld strength in tubes in photospheres of O-M stars and usedsimple formulas with a clear physical meaning. Such approach gives results for the Sun that diﬀer by no more than a factorof 2—3 from the observed ones. The main motivation for such approach is as follows: our knowledge of the stars’ medium isat approximately the same level as our knowledge of the Sun in the 1950s. Moreover, such simple models allow a completepicture of the processes in the system to be obtained without knowing any details of the stellar activity. Basing on theobtained values and parameters of diﬀerent objects we made estimates of ﬂare energies and estimates of CME’s masses andcompare them with ﬂares energies, stars luminosities, and temperatures.
Comparison of non-thermal atmospheric losses for hot exoplanets
Authors: Avtaeva A. , Shematovich V.
Published: February 2022

The non-thermal atmospheric losses due to the contribution of the exothermic photochemistry to the formation of a fractionof suprathermal atomic hydrogen in the H 2 → H transition region were studied and compared for two exoplanets of diﬀerenttypes and diﬀerent parent star. Exoplanet GJ 436b is a warm neptune orbiting the red dwarf GJ 436. The calculated non-thermal ﬂuxes due to the exothermic photochemistry for both exoplanets were found in the range (3.0 − 3.5) × 10 12 cm −2s −1 for a moderate level of stellar activity in UV radiation.
On the nongravitation effect in the motion of the main belt asteroids
Authors: Chernetenko Yu.A. , Kuznetsov V.B.
Published: February 2022

The hypothesis is being tested about the presence of an additional nongravitational acceleration depending on the albedo ofasteroids in the motion of the main belt asteroids. On the example of the asteroid family (8) Flora, we obtained the valuesof the transverse component A 2 of the nongravitational acceleration using observations of the asteroids. The results do notconﬁrm the presence this kind of acceleration leading to separation of light and dark asteroids within the same family.
Formation of the terrestrial planets and the Moon
Authors: Ipatov S.I.
Published: February 2022

The amounts of material from diﬀerent parts of the zone from 0.7 to 1.5 AU from the Sun, which entered into almostformed the Earth and Venus, diﬀered for these planets by no more than 3 times. For the TRAPPIST exoplanetary system,the ratio of the fraction of planetesimals collided with the planet, around which orbit initial orbits of planetesimals werelocated, to the fraction of planetesimals collided with the neighbouring planet was typically less than 4. Embryos of theEarth and the Moon with a total mass equaled to about 0.01-0.1 Earth mass could be formed as a result of compressionof a rareﬁed condensation. The fraction of material ejected from the Earth’s embryo and acquired by the Moon’s embryocould exceed by an order of magnitude the sum of the total mass of the planetesimals acquired by the Moon’s embryo andof the initial mass of the Moon’s embryo.
Experimental evidence of the dust particles detachment possibility in the E-field
Authors: Kuznetsov I. , Shashkova I. , Poroykov A. , Zakharov A. , Bednyakov S. , Bychkova A. , Dolnikov G. , Dubov A. , Kartasheva A. , Lyash A. , Shehovtsova A.
Published: February 2022

One of the complicating factors of the future robotic and human lunar missions, as well as the missions to atmosphere-less bodies, is the inﬂuence of the dust. Due to the solar wind and ultraviolet irradiation inﬂuence, the regolith of theatmosphereless body can obtain signiﬁcant charge and therefore can produce strong electric ﬁelds above the surface. Theelectric ﬁeld inﬂuences the surface dust particles and can become a trigger for the charged dust particles to detach fromthe surface under the Coulomb force inﬂuence. This study demonstrates the possibility of dust particles’ detachment understrong electric ﬁeld conditions. The main goal of this work is to simulate the dynamics of charged dust particles in theexperimental vacuum chamber with the inﬂuence of the electric ﬁeld with predicted values.
Investigation of meteors with sub-second temporal resolution in wide-field optical sky monitoring
Authors: Lyapsina N. , Beskin G. , Biryukov A. , Bondar S. , Gutaev A. , Ivanov E. , Karpov S. , Katkova E. , Perkov A. , Sasyuk V.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of meteor observations with the wide-ﬁeld monitoring system Mini-MegaTORTORA (MMT-9). There are more than 300 thousand events in the MMT-9 meteor database as of May 2021. The distribution of meteortracks in the sky during the night makes it possible to distinguish active meteor showers, as well as sporadic meteors.We present the results of double-station meteor observations with MMT-9 and FAVOR wide-angle camera, separated by adistance of 3.8 km.
Shadows of black holes and wormholes: similarities and differences
Authors: Bugaev M. , Novikov I. , Repin S. , Shelkovnikova A.
Published: February 2022

The problem of bending and scattering of light rays moving in the outer space of a wormhole with zero gravitationalmass is considered. The process of formation of a wormhole shadow against the background of a distant Lambert screen isinvestigated.
Modeling outbursts of viscous accretion discs
Authors: Lipunova G. , Malanchev K. , Avakyan A. , Shakura N. , Tsygankov S. , Tavleev A. , Kolesnikov D.
Published: February 2022

A brief review is given on the topic of viscously-evolving accretion discs around compact objects that covers the developmentof analytical studies and our numerical model freddi allowing comparison of theory with observations.
MHD wave modes of axial symmetry in coronal flux tubes with magnetically twisted layer
Authors: Lopin I.
Published: February 2022

The properties of axisymmetric MHD wave modes are examined for the structured model of coronal magnetic tube, consistingof a central cord with homogeneouse axial magnetic ﬁeld, surrounded by an annulus with twisted magnetic ﬁeld. Thederived dispersion relation is solved numerically. A number of limiting cases are examined analytically. The two familiesof axisymmetric modes are found to exist in the model. The ﬁrst one includes an inﬁnite number of fast-sausage modes,modiﬁed by the twist and the second one is a set of modes with frequencies, lying in a narrow band, closed to Alfvénfrequency of a twisted layer ω A0 . The fundamental fast-sausage mode (the mode of the lowest radial order) exists as atrapped mode for the entire range of axial wavenumbers. Its phase speed is always below the Alfvén speed of a magneticallytwisted layer. This mode has a weak dispersion in the range of long and intermediate wavelengths. The application of themain results of the study to coronal seismology is considered.
The choice of parameters and the appearance of a flare situation in MHD simulations above the active region in the real scale of time
Authors: Podgorny A.I. , Podgorny I.M. , Borisenko A.V. , Meshalkina N.S.
Published: February 2022

The mechanism of release of the magnetic energy of the current sheet formed in vicinity of singular X-type magnetic ﬁeldline explains the observed primordial release of solar ﬂare energy in corona. The observed manifestations of the ﬂare areexplained by the electrodynamic model of a solar ﬂare proposed by I.M. Podgorny. The study of the ﬂare mechanism isimpossible without performing MHD simulations above AR, in real scale of time, which can only be carried out thanks toparallel calculations using CUDA technology. Mainly, the conﬁguration of the magnetic ﬁeld at the maxima of the currentdensity is the conﬁguration of the X-type singular line, which is strongly distorted by superimposed diverging magneticﬁeld.
The database for studying edge-on galaxies
Authors: Antipova A.V. , Makarov D.I. , Savchenko S.S.
Published: February 2022

Galaxies oriented edge-o to the observer give one unique possible to study the vertical distribution of matter in galaxydisks. It is crucial for understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies. To date, large observational material has beenaccumulated on photometry and kinematics of the edge-on galaxies. In connection with the growing interest in this type ofgalaxies, it became necessary to systematize information, as well as provide convenient and quick access to data obtainedby diﬀerent authors. Here we present the edge-on galaxy database a , which combines information from diﬀerent catalogsand ongong projects.
Contribution to the confusion noise from various sources
Authors: Ermash A.A. , Pilipenko S.V. , Mikheeva E.V. , Lukash V.N.
Published: February 2022

The maximum possible depth of future far infrared and submillimetre telescopes will be limited by the confusion noise. Herewe use the deﬁnition of the confusion noise as the width of the left side of the pixel histogram. In this paper we investigatethe inﬂuence of the large-scale structure of the Universe and gravitational lensing on the confusion noise estimates. We alsoestimate the redshift and luminosity intervals of objects that give maximum contribution. The dependence on the diameterof the main mirror is also discussed.
Optical spectroscopic observations of intermediate-mass black holes and their host galaxies: the M BH − σ ∗ relation
Authors: Goradzhanov V. , Chilingarian I. , Katkov I. , Grishin K. , Toptun V. , Kuzmin I. , Demianenko M.
Published: February 2022

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; M BH < 2∗10 5 M ⊙ ) in galaxy centers are cruciel for painting a coherent picture of theformation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Using Big Data analysis, we identiﬁed 305 IMBH candidatesfor IMBH and 1623 candidates of ‘light-weight’ SMBHs (2 ∗ 10 5 M odot < M BH < 10 6 M ⊙ ). For 35 host galaxies from thiscombined sample with the X-ray-conﬁrmed active galactic nuclei (AGN) we collected and analyzed optical spectroscopicobservations. These data show that bulge stellar velocity dispersions (σ ∗ ) lie in the range of 24. . . 118 km/s and do notfollow the correlation with M BH established by larger SMBHs indicating that in the 10 5 − 10 6 M ⊙ range the accretion is theprevailing BH growth channel.
The influence of systematic effects on the determination of the primordial helium abundance
Authors: Kurichin O. , Kislitsyn P. , Ivanchik A.
Published: February 2022

Various tests of the Primordial Nucleosynthesis (PN) theory and Early Universe cosmology require an accurate determinationof the primordial helium abundance (Y p ). Metal deﬁcient HII regions located in blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies arecommonly used to determine Y p . Since the measured ﬂuxes of He and H lines emitted from such objects often deviate fromtheir pure recombination values due to the inﬂuence of several systematic eﬀects, one has to correctly account for theseeﬀects to determine Y p with high accuracy. In this paper, we present an updated estimate of Y p based on analyses of a largesample of SDSS objects and objects from HeBCD+NIR database. Using improved treatment of the HII region systematicswe obtain Y p = 0.2466 ± 0.0019, which is the most accurate estimate up to date, and is in good consistency with otherindependent estimates as well as the PN+Planck prediction of Y p = 0.2470 ± 0.0002.
Multifrequency study of FR0 radio galaxies with RATAN-600
Authors: Mikhailov A. , Sotnikova Yu.
Published: February 2022

The program for the study of FR0 radio galaxies has been carried out with RATAN-600 since February 2020. The quasi-simultaneous radio spectra of 34 FR0 objects were measured from 3 to 10 times over 1.5 years of observations. FR0 radiogalaxies are characterized by a ﬂat spectrum with contribution of several compact components. Analysis of the RATAN-600quasi-simultaneous radio spectra together with available literature data showed that ∼ 10% FR0s can be considered as low-power GPS sources. Some of the FR0 objects can be relatively low power blazars. The further multi frequency investigationis necessary for understanding the nature of FR0 radio sources.
Vertical structure of barlenses in N-body models
Authors: Tikhonenko I.S. , Smirnov A.A. , Sotnikova N.Ya.
Published: February 2022

Bars are common features of most disk galaxies in the local Universe. When viewed face-on, the bars can be classiﬁed intoso-called face-on peanuts and bars with barlenses based on the shape of the central region. The dynamical origins of thelatter type are still disputed in the literature. In this work, we conduct a detailed orbital analysis of the bars in severalN-body models and study the vertical structure of the orbital groups comprising them. In particular, all orbital groupsthat are responsible for the barlens morphology have been identiﬁed. We ﬁnd that a typical barlens is assembled almostexclusively from nearly ﬂat rosette-like orbits trapped around well-known x 2 and x 4 families. Our result contradicts thewidespread point of view that the barlenses and B/PS bulges (thick part of the bars viewed edge-on) are two manifestationsof the same structure observed at diﬀerent inclination angles.