bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pena Estatal contra a Democracia: Reflexões a partir da Filosofia Política / State Punishment against Democracy: Thoughts on Political Philosophy
Authors: Giamberardino Andre Ribeiro , Olchanowski Nikolai
Published: October 2017

ResumoParte-se da noção de desenvolvimento de Sen para avaliar, no âmbito da filosofia política, a compatibilidade da pena estatal com o objetivo de expansão de liberdades. Ressalta-se o caráter político da pena e a inevitabilidade do debate normativo para sua compreensão. Na sequência, investiga-se a moldura liberal da compreensão da pena estatal e sugere-se a necessidade de um horizonte coletivo e republicano para as práticas de censura, como rota de fuga das contradições inerentes ao liberalismo penal. Aponta-se para o debate acerca da participação popular na formulação de políticas voltadas para a questão criminal e para sua proximidade com o debate acerca do próprio significado de democracia. Ao final, as práticas restaurativas são sugeridas como possibilidade de apreensão coletiva dos problemas discutidos, desde que bem ressaltadas as noções de responsabilidade e participação política dos sujeitos envolvidos. AbstractFrom Sen's notion of development we discuss the compatibility, in the context of political philosophy, of state punishment with the goal of expanding freedom. We emphasize the political nature of punishment and the unavoidability of a normative discussion to access it. Next, we investigate state punishment's liberal framework. The need of a republican approach for understanding the practices of censorship is suggested as an escape route from the inherent contradictions of penal liberalism. We point at the debate on popular participation on criminal policies and at its closeness to the debate on the very meaning of democracy. Restorative practices are suggested as a possibility of a collective seizure of the key matters discussed, as long as well emphasized the notions of responsibility and political participation of the subjects involved.
Do Solipsismo Supremo à Deliberação Racional / From Supreme Solipsism to Rational Deliberation
Authors: Benvindo Juliano Zaiden , Rübinger-Betti Gabriel
Published: October 2017

ResumoEstudos sobre a deliberação racional das cortes constitucionais têm ganhado notoriedade na literatura constitucional comparada. Normalmente focadas em discussões normativas de como as cortes deveriam julgar, muitas vezes negligenciam argumentos mais prosaicos de como se poderiam promover incentivos institucionais para o incremento de sua consistência argumentativa. Especialmente a partir de uma análise sistêmica de dois níveis, que assume que instituições não são simples somatória de seus membros e tampouco podem agir como peça isolada no controle da ordem constitucional, este artigo investiga como simples mudanças nas práticas e regras no STF podem incrementar substancialmente a capacidade coletiva de deliberação racional. Para tanto, seu foco, mais do que no debate normativo, se voltará para o estudo de desenhos institucionais e comportamentos estratégicos dos ministros, explicitando que pequenos "empurrõezinhos" podem, aos poucos, transformar uma corte solipsística em uma corte constitucional. AbstractStudies on the rational deliberation of constitutional courts have gained momentum in the comparative constitutional literature. Normally focusing on normative debates over how courts should decide, non-rarely have they overlooked more prosaic arguments of how institutional incentives could improve their argumentative consistency. Specially drawing from a two-levels systemic analysis, which argues that institutions are neither a simple sum of their members nor an isolated piece responsible for controlling the constitutional order, this Article looks into how simple changes in practices and rules at the Brazilian Supreme Court could substantially boost the collective capacity of rational deliberation. To this end, its focus, more than the normative debate, revolves around institutional designs and the justices' strategic behavior, showing that little nudges could, little by little, transform a solipsistic court into a constitutional one.
A Ilusória Amorfia do Processo Administrativo Sancionador: o Princípio da Instrumentalidade das Formas vs. as Finalidades do Processo, sob o Amparo da Ética, da Moral e da Complexidade / The Illusory Formlessness Administrative Proceedings Sanctioning: the Principle of Instrumentality of Ways vs. the Purposes of the Process, under the Auspices of Ethics, Morality and Complexity
Authors: Dezan Sandro Lúcio , Carmona Paulo Afonso Cavichioli
Published: October 2017

Resumoo presente artigo tem como finalidade confrontar o princípio pas de nullité sans grief, que atualmente é tido como cerne do sistema de reconhecimento de nulidades processuais, com os fins, finalidades do processo, com base nas concepções de ética e de moral administrativa, aplicadas ao dever de atuação com juridicidade e, com efeito, com justiça, com vista à concretização de direitos fundamentais dos acusados. Concluir-se-á, por meio de uma análise fenomenológica, que o princípio do formalismo moderado, ou da instrumentalidade das formas, não pode ser compreendido com o propósito de verter o direito material em um fim em si mesmo. Processo e direito material devem-se encontrar, por obra das ciências jurídicas e da própria ordem normativa, inter-relacionados, para servir aos propósitos de um verdadeiro Estado de Direito Democrático. Abstractthis paper aims to confront the "pas de nullité sans grief" principle, which is currently regarded as the core of the recognition of procedural irregularities system, with the purpose, process purposes, based on the concepts of ethics and administrative morals, applied to the duty of acting with legality and, indeed, with justice, with a view the implementation of fundamental rights of the accused. Finish shall be by means of a phenomenological analysis that the principle of moderate formalism, or instrumentality of the forms can not be understood in order to shed the right stuff an end in itself. Procedure and substantive law should be found through the work of legal sciences and own normative order, interrelated, to serve the purposes of a true democratic rule of law.
Transtheism and its Projection on Contemporary Philosophy
Authors: Ericksen Lauro
Published: October 2017

O TRANSTEÍSMO E SUA PROJEÇÃO NA FILOSOFIA CONTEMPORÂNEA

Resumo: aborda o transteísmo como sistema filosófico contemporâneo que conjuga elementos estóicos e cristãos. Apresenta como o elemento divino é tratado de forma apartada da prática social por si mesma, ainda que dê azo a sua manifestação na subjetividade. Discute como os elementos culturais são capazes de apreender a subjetividade que se manifesta transteísticamente de acordo com as práticas vigentes.

Palavras-chave: Filosofia Contemporânea. Teologia. Transteísmo.

Abstract: the paper presentes the transtheism as a contemporary philosophical system which aggregates stoics and christians aspects. It show how the divine issue is placed, detached from the social praxis itself, even though it may open the possibility to a subjective manifestation. It argues how cultural elements are able to apprehend, transtheistically, the subjectivity according to normative praxis.

Keywords: Contemporary Philosophy. Theology. Transtheism.
The Maternal Archetype in Transience Symbolic and Mythical
Authors: Nascimento Kelly Thaysy Lopes , Possebon Fabrício
Published: October 2017

O ARQUÉTIPO MATERNO EM TRANSITORIEDADE SIMBÓLICA E MÍTICA

Resumo: reconhecemos nas tradições antigas a origem das narrativas míticas. Neste período a relação com o sagrado estava intrinsecamente presente no cotidiano, não havia distinção entre o sagrado e o profano, pois suas atividades se condicionavam ao divino de tal modo que nos primórdios a relação da criação das plantas, tudo o que surgia da terra para a sobrevivência era representada pela Mãe quando a associavam ao poder fecundante. Deste modo encontramos a Mãe como representação divina, assim como também há uma identificação dos animais quando são reverenciados pela sua força e também quando são o alimento. O seu sacrifício indicava uma sacralidade e este episódio se dava ritualmente. Este ensaio pretende observar a partir das tradições antigas, na experiência com o sagrado, as relações simbólicas originárias com o feminino, buscando de forma introdutória a compreensão da trajetória do feminino no espaço religioso. Metodologicamente utilizamos da hermenêutica simbólica e comparada de Mircea Eliade principalmente em suas obras: O sagrado e o profano e O mito do eterno retorno.

Palavras-chave: Sagrado. Mãe. Serpente. Deusa-Mãe. Vida.

Abstract: the origin of mythic narrative is recognized in all ancient traditions. During this period its relationship with the sacred was intrinsically present in everyday acts, without any distinction between the sacred and the profane because their activities were conditioned with divine in such a way that in the early stages the relation of the cultivation of plants and everything that came from the groud, the earth for the survival, was a depiction, a portrayal of Mother when she was related to fertilizing streghth. This way we find the Mother as a divine portrayal, the same way as there is also an identification of animals in such a way when they are food, nourishment. Their sacrifice indicated a sacral idea and that episode ocurred in a ritual, ceremony. Our main objective was to analise the ancient traditions, the experience with the sacred, symbolic relationships originating with women seeking an introductory way the understanding of women's history in the religious space. Methodologically, it was used the comparative and symbolic hermeneutics of Mircea Eliade, mainly in its titles “The sacred and the profane” and “The myth of the eternal return”, as well as an effort to interlace the vision that leads, indicates according to Carlo Ginsburg in the interpretative understanding of critique hermeneutics, in other words, throughout the clues found in the texts.

Keywords: Sacred. Mother. Goddess-mother. Life.
Editorial
Authors: De Mattos Izabel Missagia , De Moura Marlene C. Ossami , Viana Sibeli Aparecida
Published: October 2017

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“There's No Thing as a Whole Story”: Storytelling and the Healing of Sexual Violence Survivors among Women and Girls in Acoliland, Northern Uganda
Authors: Bamidele Oluwaseun
Published: October 2017

Storytelling has become an important and acceptable tool among academics and professional peace‐builders. Storytelling can be therapeutic, especially since it assists survivors and the society in transition to come to terms with a traumatic past. It has been included as a part of transitional justice mechanisms which have assisted in the area of truth‐finding and accountability. It has been useful for peace‐building in communities that are deeply rooted in conflict and, therefore, has been encouraged within the last decade in a number of countries around the world. Consequently, this paper is a critical exploration of the discursive links between sexual violence and storytelling in war and peace. The focus is on Acoli women and girls in Acoliland, northern Uganda, who have primarily been impacted by the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) group of Joseph Kony. Their stories of trauma, resilience, and courage in the face of terror have not been properly acknowledged. Using women and girls of the Acoli community in northern Uganda as an example, this paper aims to begin a discussion on the role of storytelling in the healing of sexual violence survivors. Informed by the storytelling discourse, the paper argues that constructive storytelling exercises can provide an avenue for survivors of sexual violence to acknowledge trauma, attain healing, build resilience, and counter the violent narrative of the group. However, this study also finds that storytelling as a peace‐building tool falls short of transforming gender relations. Finally, the paper proposes and designs a storytelling program.
Análise multitemporal da regeneração natural da candeia após ocorrência de incêndio florestal
Authors: Oliveira Ivy Mayara Sanches de , Sales Alex Donizeti , Silveira Eduarda Martiniano de Oliveira , Acerbi Júnior Fausto Weimar , De Mello José Marcio
Published: October 2017

Os sensores de satélites têm a capacidade de fornecer informações sobre regiões afetadas pela atividade do fogo, sendo uma ferramenta eficiente para a detecção e quantificação destas áreas. Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento da regeneração natural da candeia Eremanthus incanus (Less.) Less, após a ocorrência de incêndio florestal por meio do índice de vegetação da diferença normalizada (NDVI) de forma a identificar a capacidade de resiliência da espécie. O incêndio ocorreu em 1999, ao lado do Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó no município de Morro do Pilar, Minas Gerais. Foi selecionada uma série temporal de quatro imagens adquiridas entre os anos de 1999 a 2005 do satélite Landsat (TM e ETM+). Foram geradas as imagens NDVI e em seguida foram obtidos seus valores de reflectância nas diferentes datas para analisar o comportamento espectral das áreas em regeneração. Posteriormente esses parâmetros foram utilizados para analisar as alterações na cobertura vegetal. Ao comparar os valores de NDVI antes e pós-incêndio, observou-se que num período de 6 anos a candeia apresenta valores de reflectância próximos àqueles encontrados antes do incêndio, o que sugere que a cobertura vegetal está num estágio similar à antes da ocorrência do fogo. O índice aplicado mostrou-se eficiente na análise da capacidade de resiliência da espécie após o fogo.

Multitemporal analysis of natural regeneration of Candeia after occurrence of forest fire
Abstract: Satellite sensors have the ability to provide information on areas affected by fire activity, being an efficient tool for detection and quantification of these areas. The aim of this study was to analyze the natural regeneration pattern of the Eremanthus incanus (Less.) Less, after the occurrence of forest fire, using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in order to identify its resilience capacity. The fire occurred in 1999, next to the Serra do Cipó National Park in Morro do Pilar city, Minas Gerais. A time series of four Landsat (TM e ETM+) images acquired between the years 1999-2005 were selected. The NDVI images were generated and their reflectance values were obtained at the different dates to analyze the spectral pattern of regenerating areas. Later, these parameters were used to analyze the vegetation cover changes. Comparing the NDVI values before and after the fire, it was observed that, over a period of 6 years the reflectance values were close to those found before the fire, which suggests that the vegetal cover is at a similar stage before the fire occurrence. The applied index proved to be efficient in the analysis of the species capacity of resilience after the fire occurrence.
 
Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella sp. em queijos de coalho artesanais produzidos em São Rafael, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Pereira Tarciara Magley da Fonseca , Góis Vilson Alves de , Soares Karoline Mikaelle de Paiva , Souza Lara Barbosa de , Sousa José Aldenor de
Published: October 2017

O queijo de coalho artesanal é produto de origem animal muito consumido principalmente na região Nordeste do Brasil. É comumente fabricado com leite cru, não pasteurizado, como matéria prima, sem a utilização de boas práticas higiênicas, podendo veicular micro-organismos patogênicos ao consumidor. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a presença de Salmonella sp. e quantificar Staphyloccocus aureus em queijos de coalho produzidos artesanalmente no município de São Rafael Rio Grande do Norte.Foram realizadas coletas em triplicata em sete queijarias artesanais do município, e, em seguida, os queijos foram transportados imediatamente em caixas isotérmicas, ao Laborátório de Biotecnologia Industrial da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, onde foram submetidos à análise microbiológica de forma asséptica, conforme metodologia recomendada pela Instrução Normativa nº 62, de 26 de agosto de 2003, do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Todas as amostras apresentaram elevadas contagens de Staphylococcus aureus, estando em desconformidade com o padrão exigido pela legislação brasileira para este grupo microbiano. Foi constatado ausência de Salmonella sp. nas amostras avaliadas. As análises microbiológicas evidenciaram péssimas condições de higiene de todos os queijos estudados, já que os mesmos apresentaram grande contaminação por Staphylococcus aureus, o que pode representar riscos à saúde pública.
Elaboração e caracterização da farinha do fruto da castanhola (Terminalia catappa Linn)
Authors: Santos Edilayane da Nóbrega , Bezerra Erick Dos Anjos , Silva Luciana Márcia Andrade da , Cavalcanti Mônica Tejo
Published: October 2017

A ciência e tecnologia de alimentos vem se destacando com suas novas propostas para o mercado. A vida atual é marcada pela busca de alimentos cada vez mais saudáveis, pois os consumidores estão buscando por uma alimentação que proporcione, além dos nutrientes básicos, algum benefício à saúde. Farinhas obtidas a partir da desidratação de frutos não convencionais estão sendo utilizadas na formulação de uma variedade de produtos a partir da substituição parcial de farináceos tradicionais. Sendo assim, objetivou-se caracterizar a farinha proveniente da polpa do fruto da castanhola. Os parâmetros analisados foram umidade 2,15% (± 0,15); cinzas 8,03% (± 0,06), proteínas 16,70% (± 0,2), lipídeos 6,30% (± 0,07), carboidratos 66,80%, pH 3,83 (± 0,02); acidez 7,40% ác. cítrico (± 0,06), Aw 0,24 (± 0,01) e Valor Energético Total 390,70 Kcal.Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios, sendo estes dentro dos valores estabelecidos para farinhas. Para os macronutrientes determinados, os carboidratos mostraram-se majoritários, seguido pelas proteínas.  Desta forma, a farinha da castanhola surge como uma alternativa para aplicação em diversos produtos alimentícios, seja como substituto parcial de farinhas convencionais ou mesmo como ingrediente principal na formulação de novos produtos. 
The Eight-Consciousness Model of Ethical Decision Making
Authors: LIAO JENSHENG , Chien Charles S.
Published: October 2017

This article explores a model of Vijñānavāda generally known as the eight consciousnesses, which relates to understanding consciousness itself from the Vijñānavāda perspective. The model is mainly based on the description in the ‘Verses Delineating the Eight Consciousnesses’. According to the eight-consciousness model, our entire consciousness involves the eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, mental consciousness, the manas and the ālayavijñāna. These components are presented beginning with the single mind through the increasing complexity of the process of consciousness.

 

In this article, this model is examined as a potential theoretical resource that could guide insight, knowledge and enlightenment. Herein, it is expounded how the eight-consciousness model can increase our understanding of ethical decision making and develop a perspective that can facilitate enlightenment.

 

This paper does not treat a very dense and complex doctrine of Vijñānavāda. However, when considering the actions and intentions that occur in the mind, these investigations represent the transformation of consciousness into wisdom.

 
Analysis of the Factors Affecting Boar culling in commercial Boar Studs in Southern China
Authors: Li Zhili , Zhao Yunxiang K. , Liao Jiedan , Huang Shujian
Published: October 2017

The objectives of this study were to measure culling frequency and analysis of reasons for boar culling in commercial boar studs. Data were obtained from nine commercial boar studs included 2342 culled boars in Southern China during July 2013 to June 2016. Descriptive statistics of reasons for boar culling revealed that the frequency of unplanned cull boar accounted for a large proportion (88.04%), reproductive disorders (40.61%) and lameness (27.2%) were the most frequently cited reasons. Sperm-related problems accounted for the largest proportion (668, 70.24%) due to reproductive disorders, followed by the abnormal genital system (169, 17.78%). The highest frequency of reproductive disorders was arisen in May (17.98%), and the relatively high culling frequency lasted for 16 weeks until August (10.00%), especially for the Yorkshire boar that owned highest culling risk (47.09%) with the culled number reached peak in May (60, 21.82%), followed by July (33, 12.00%). In additionÿthe highest frequency of boar culling due to lameness appeared in May (90, 14.13%), followed by January (68, 10.68%) and December (66, 10.36%) with cold and wet. It was speculated that extreme weather was more likely to cause lameness. Our research suggested farmers under subtropical climate should take effective measures to reduce heat and humidity stress at the earliest, preferably from late spring to August to improve reproductive efficiency on boar studs, and also take breed differences into their decision-making processes to ensure adequate boar power and customer satisfaction.
Morphological and biochemical responses of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) ecotypes to salinity
Authors: Beyaz Ramazan , Sancak Cengiz , Yildiz Mustafa
Published: October 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different NaCl concentrations (0, 100 and 150 mM) on the morphological and biochemical parameters of different sainfoin ecotypes ‘Koçaº’, ‘Malya,’ ‘Altýnova’ and ‘Ulaþ’ under controlled conditions. The morphological parameters included seed germination, seedling and root lengths, and seedling fresh and dry weights while the biochemical parameters included chlorophyll and proline contents, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, and GR). The results demonstrated that increase in NaCl concentration caused an overall decrease in morphological parameters and an increase in the biochemical parameters in all ecotypes. The findings showed that among all ecotypes, ‘Koçaþ’ had higher chlorophyll and proline content, increased activity of CAT, GR, and APX, and increased fresh and dry weight in response to salt stress. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the evaluation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems in sainfoin plants under salt stress.
Evaluation of cowhage (mucuna pruriens L.) genotypes for growth and flowering characters in arecanut plantation under hill zone of Karnataka
Authors: . Vinay , Patil S. , Nadukeri Sadashiv , Shetty G. Raviraja , Bindu K. Hima , Ganapathi M.
Published: October 2017

An experiment was conducted to examine the performance of eight cowhage (Mucuna pruriens L.) genotypes for their growth and flowering parameters in arecanut plantation under hill zone of Karnataka. Significant differences were observed in genotypes with respect to growth and flowering attributes. The genotype Arka Dhanvantari recorded the maximum plant height (282.03 cm) and number of trifoliate leaves (71.03) at harvest. The maximum leaf area (20064.39 cm2), leaf area index (7.43) and leaf area ratio (246.25 cm2/g) was recorded in genotype Arka Dhanvantari. The maximum absolute growth rate (1.38 g/plant/day) and crop growth rate (5.12 g/plant/day) was recorded in genotype IIHR Selection-2. The days taken for first flowering and 50 per cent flowering were minimum (65.73 and 72.33, respectively) and maximum (132.20 and 140.67, respectively) in the genotypes Arka Aswini and Arka Dhanvantari, respectively. The maximum number of inflorescence per plant (8.30) was recorded in genotype IIHR Selection-2. Genotype Arka Dhanvantari recorded maximum number of flowers per inflorescence (15.50) and inflorescence length (18.10 cm).
PENGARUH PANJANG STACK SELUBUNG KABEL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SUHU PADA SISTEM PENDINGIN TERMOAKUSTIK
Authors: Kharismawati Indah , Putri Hanif Rafika
Published: October 2017

Research on environmentally friendly thermo-acoustic coolants uses a heat exchanger from the cable sheath material. The resonator tube used in the thermoelectric cooler is a 5.25 cm diameter PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tube with a length of 87 cm. Variations in stack lengths of 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, and 8cm were performed to obtain results on thermoelectric coolers. Results are available on the use of stack length 4 cm high temperature 21.6 oC from the initial temperature), the stack length 5 cm high temperature 21.1 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), the stack length of 6 cm resulted in a maximum temperature drop of 22.6 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), the stack length of 7 cm resulted in a maximum temperature drop of 22.0 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature), while the stack length of 8 cm resulted in a decrease in temperature maximum of 23.3 oC from the initial temperature (room temperature).

Keywords: Thermoacoustic, stack, temperature changes.
Mortality by Timing of Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Sheehan Katie Jane , Sobolev Boris , Guy Pierre
Published: October 2017

In hip fracture care, it is disputed whether mortality worsens when surgery is delayed. This knowledge gap matters when hospital managers seek to justify resource allocation for prioritizing access to one procedure over another. Uncertainty over the surgical timing-death association leads to either surgical prioritization without benefit or the underuse of expedited surgery when it could save lives. The discrepancy in previous findings results in part from differences between patients who happened to undergo surgery at different times. Such differences may produce the statistical association between surgical timing and death in the absence of a causal relationship. Previous observational studies attempted to adjust for structure, process, and patient factors that contribute to death, but not for relationships between structure and process factors, or between patient and process factors. In this article, we (1) summarize what is known about the factors that influence, directly or indirectly, both the timing of surgery and the occurrence of death; (2) construct a dependency graph of relationships among these factors based explicitly on the existing literature; (3) consider factors with a potential to induce covariation of time to surgery and the occurrence of death, directly or through the network of relationships, thereby explaining a putative surgical timing-death association; and (4) show how age, sex, dependent living, fracture type, hospital type, surgery type, and calendar period can influence both time to surgery and occurrence of death through chains of dependencies. We conclude by discussing how these results can inform the allocation of surgical capacity to prevent the avoidable adverse consequences of delaying hip fracture surgery.
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Massive, Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Before the Age of 60 Years
Authors: Ernstbrunner Lukas , Suter Aline , Catanzaro Sabrina , Rahm Stefan , Gerber Christian
Published: October 2017

Background:

There has been serious concern regarding the longevity and durability of outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in younger patients. It was the purpose of this study to analyze long-term outcomes and complications of RTSA for irreparable rotator cuff tears in patients younger than 60 years.

Methods:

Twenty patients (23 shoulders) with a mean age of 57 years (range, 47 to 59 years) were evaluated at a mean of 11.7 years (range, 8 to 19 years) after RTSA. Fifteen shoulders (65%) had undergone previous non-arthroplasty surgery. Longitudinal clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed.

Results:

At the time of final follow-up, the mean absolute and relative preoperative Constant score (CS) (and standard deviation) had improved from 24 ± 9 to 59 ± 19 points (p < 0.001) and from 29% ± 11% to 69% ± 21% (p < 0.001), respectively. The mean Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV) had increased from 20% ± 13% to 71% ± 27% (p < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in the mean active anterior elevation (from 64° to 117°), active abduction (from 58° to 111°), pain scores, and strength (all p ≤ 0.001). Clinical outcomes did not significantly deteriorate beyond 10 years and the functional results of patients with previous surgical procedures were not significantly inferior to the results of those with primary RTSA. The grade of, and number of patients with, radiographically apparent notching increased over time; the mean relative CS was lower in patients in whom the notching was grade 2 or higher (57%) than it was in those with no or grade-1 notching (81%; p = 0.006). Nine (39%) had ≥1 complication, with 2 failed RTSAs (9%).

Conclusions:

RTSA in patients younger than 60 years leads to substantial subjective and functional improvement without clinical deterioration beyond 10 years. It is associated with a substantial complication rate, and complications compromise ultimate subjective and objective outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Why play matters in a world of REF, TEF and What the Jeff
Authors: James Alison
Published: October 2017

This article explores the unease that surrounds the notion of play in higher education and challenges this with the example of a university wide play and creativity festival. The author argues that in a time of educational change, tension and uncertainty play is  essential in community building, shifting perspectives, generating new ideas and strengthening relationships.
Characteristics of N2O production and hydroxylamine variation in short-cut nitrification SBR process
Authors: Hu Bo , Ye Junhong , Zhao Jianqiang , Ding Xiaoqian , Yang Liwei , Tian Xiaolei
Published: October 2017

In order to study the characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) production and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) variation under oxic conditions, concentrations of NH2OH and N2O were simultaneously monitored in a short-cut nitrification sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operated with different influent ammonia concentrations. In the short-cut nitrification process, N2O production was increased with the increasing of ammonia concentration in influent. The maximum concentrations of dissolved N2O-N in the reactor were 0.11 mg/L and 0.52 mg/L when ammonia concentrations in the influent were 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L respectively. Under the low and medium ammonia load phases, the concentrations of NH2OH-N in the reactor were remained at a low level which fluctuated around 0.06 mg/L in a small range, and did not change with the variation of influent NH4+-N concentration. Based on the determination results, the half-saturation of NH2OH in the biochemical conversion process of NH2OH to NO2−-N was very small, and the value of 0.05 mg NH2OH-N/L proposed in the published literature was accurate. NH2OH is an important intermediate in the nitrification process, and the direct determination of NH2OH in the nitrification process was beneficial for revealing the kinetic process of NH2OH production and consumption as well as the effects of NH2OH on N2O production in the nitrification process.
COD removal from leachate by electrocoagulation process: treatment with monopolar electrodes in parallel connection
Authors: Tanyol Mehtap , Ogedey Aysenur , Oguz Ensar
Published: October 2017

This study examines the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate generated from the municipal landfill site of Bingol, Turkey. The effect of parameters such as current density, pH, and inter-electrode distance during the electrocoagulation (EC) process on COD removal of the process was investigated. Moreover, for COD removal, the energy consumption and operating costs were calculated for iron electrode under the EC conditions. COD removal efficiency was 72.13% at the current density of 16 mA m−2, pH of 8.05, and the inter-electrode distance of 9 mm at the detention time of 60 min with iron electrode and the COD concentration was reduced from 6,100 mg L−1 to 1,700 mg L−1 by EC. The highest value of the electrical energy and electrode consumptions per kg of COD in the optimum conditions were determined as 0.055 kWh kg−1 COD and 3.43 kg kg−1 COD and the highest operating cost value was found to be 1.41 US$ kg−1 COD for 0–60 min time intervals.
Design of Direct Embedment Foundations for Poles Under Moment Loads in Granular Soils
Authors: Yenumula Prasad , Haldar Asim , T.R. Chari
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

The design of direct embedment pole foundations involves calculating the ultimate moment capacity and deflections/rotations of pole foundations at groundline.

Methods:

A theoretical model based on rigid piles is used as a basis for developing equations for the ultimate moment capacity of direct embedment pole foundation installed in granular soils.

Results and Conclusion:

The steps involved in the development are presented in this paper. Prototype test data are used to compare the predictions of the model and to validate the proposed method.
Doing More with Less: Application to Transmission Structures
Authors: Vogt Marlon W.
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

Common theme within the electric utility industry is doing more work with fewer resources. Shrinking staff resources and budgets create challenges in light of the continuing strong investment required for national lifeline infrastructure projects.

Methods:

The presentation will define and address one traditional type of waste – overproduction, particularly applied to the design of electric utility transmission structures.

Results and Conclusion:

It will illustrate a variety of typical design choices and the risks in making design decisions that result in larger than necessary, and thus more expensive, structures.
Emergency Restoration of High Voltage Transmission Lines
Authors: Vadivel Karthi. K
Published: October 2017

Background:

Blackouts on high voltage (HV) transmission lines occur due to harsh weather and non-climatic reasons such as human errors and mechanical failures. While it is impossible to prevent all such situations, utility officials and contractors can be equipped to meet such emergencies.

Objective:

This paper discusses: (1) the economic impact of climatic events in the USA and economic justification for having Emergency Restoration (ER) plans and, (2) emergency restoration procedures for downed transmission lines in Oman. Key aspects of emergency restoration procedures are discussed.
Forest Fire Risk Assessment Using Hotspot Analysis in GIS
Authors: Said Safwanah Ni’matullah Binti Mohd , Zahran El-Said Mamdouh Mahmoud , Shams Shahriar
Published: October 2017

Background:

Present intensifying forest fire incidents are becoming a major concern as they pose threats to the environment, economy and human’s safety. This paper aims to identify forest fire hotspots using advanced hotspot analysis in the Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and suggest appropriate preventive measures.

Objective:

Brunei Darussalam is one of the Southeast Asian countries that is significantly affected by the increase in forest fire incidents in this region. Brunei Muara is the worst-hit district by forest fire in Brunei Darussalam, and hence it was selected as a case study for this research.

Results and Conclusion:

This research identified and prioritized forest fire hotspots, highlighted the shortage of fire stations within the identified hotspots and suggested the suitable locations for new fire stations in Brunei Muara district.
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Interplay in Cancer
Authors: Santibanez Juan F. , Bjelica Suncica
Published: October 2017

Background:

Transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a double role in cancer through its capacity to inhibit early stages of tumors while enhancing tumor progression at late stages of tumor progression. Moreover, TGF-β1is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine within the tumor microenvironment that allows cancer cells to escape from immune surveillance, which largely contributes to the tumor progression.

Method:

It has been established that the cancer progression is commonly associated with increased number of Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) that are a hallmark of cancer and a key mechanism of immune evasion.

Result:

MDSC represent a population of heterogeneous myeloid cells comprised of macrophages, granulocytes and dendritic cells at immature stages of development. MDSC promote tumor progression by regulating immune responses as well as tumor angiogenesis and cancer metastasis.

Conclusion:

In this review, we present an overview of the main key functions of both TGF-β1and MDSC in cancer and in the immune system. Furthermore, the mutual contribution between TGF-β1and MDSC in the regulation of immune system and cancer development will be analyzed.
Developing teaching kit on the use of micro-hydro generator in remote area
Authors: Megawati Desak Made
Published: October 2017

The study aimed at: (1) identifying the criteria of teaching kit feasibility for the advantages of micro-hydro generator in remote area; and (2) identifying the effectiveness of teaching kit implementation on the use of micro-hydro generator in remote area in order to improve the students’ concept mastery on SMP Negeri 1 Rampi South Sulawesi. The study was a research and development that adapted the 4D model, which consisted of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The teaching kit that had been developed was a syllabus, lesson plans, student’s worksheet, and assessment instrument. For the data gathering, the researcher implemented the non-test technique, in the form of product validation sheet, student’s worksheet readability questionnaire sheet, teaching implementation sheet, and test technique, in the form of concept mastery test item sheet. The results of the study show that: (1) the teaching kit on the use of micro-hydro generator in remote area that has been developed falls into the “Very Good” category for syllabus, lesson plan, and student’s worksheet; and (2) the implementation of the teaching kit on the use of micro-hydro generator in remote area has been effective to improve the students’ concept mastery in SMP Negeri 1 Rampi South Sulawesi.
Joyful learning strategy using game method of treasure clue to improve reading comprehension skill
Authors: Ariawan Vina Anggia Nastitie , Pratiwi Inne Marthyane
Published: October 2017

The objectives of this research are (1) to describe steps in the implementation of joyful learning strategy using game method of treasure clue to improve reading comprehension skill for the fourth grade students of elementary school; (2) to improve reading comprehension skill for the fourth grade students of elementary school by implementing joyful learning strategy using game method of treasure clue. This research is collaborative Classroom Action Research (CAR) and implemented within two cycles. Each cycle implemented within two meetings. This research impelemented at one of elementary school in Kuningan. Subjects of this research are 31 students of the fourth grade of elementary school. Techniques of collecting data were observation, interview, an document analysis. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis meanwhile data were validated using triangulation, member checking, and reflectivity. The results of this research show that joyful learning strategy using game method of treasure clue can increase students’ reading comprehension skill . The results proved by the increase of reading comprehension outcomes in each cycles. Passing grade percentage of students result in the first cycle is 73,86% and in the second cycle is 87,56%. Therefore, students’ learning outcomes has passed performance indicator research of 85%. The conclusion of this research is the implementation of joyful learning strategy using game method of treasure clue can improve reading comprehension skill for the fourth grade students of elementary school.
Developing interactive multimedia on the thematic-integrative learning for Grade IV students under the sub-theme my food is health and nutritious
Authors: Bintaro Tri Yuliansyah
Published: October 2017

This study aimed at generative a proper and effective Adobe Flash Interactive Multimedia for Grade IB Students under the sub-theme “My Food is Healthy and Nutritious” in SD Negeri Glagah Yogyakarta. This research and development study referred to the stages that had been developed by Borg & Gall. The development design was put into four stages, namely: (a) exploration; (b) product development; (c) product testing and revision; and (d) implementation. The subjects of preliminary field testing consisted of 15 Grade IV students in SD Negeri Glagah. Then, the subjects of expanded field experiment consisted of 30 Grade IV students in the experimental group and 29 Grade IV students in the control group; all of these students came from SD Negeri Glagah. The data were gathered using the interview guideline, the interactive multimedia product evaluation sheet, and the test items. The data that had been gathered were analyzed using the independent sample t-test with rate of significance 0.05. The results of this study have generated the interactive multimedia that according to the material experts and the media experts belong to the “Very Good” category. However, there have been differences in the pre-test results and the post-test results between the experimental group and the control group after both groups were exposed to the interactive multimedia with p < 0.05. These differences imply effectiveness improvement with p = 0.005.
New-Onset Diabetes Educator to Educate Children and Their Caregivers About Diabetes at the Time of Diagnosis: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bernier Angelina , Fedele David , Guo Yi , Chavez Sarah , Smith Megan D. , Warnick Jennifer , Lieberman Leora , Modave François
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

Diabetes self-management education is essential at the time of diagnosis. We developed the New-Onset Diabetes Educator (NODE), an animation-based educational web application for type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

OBJECTIVE

Our hypothesis is that NODE is a feasible, effective and user-friendly intervention in improving diabetes self-management education delivery to child/caregiver-dyads at the time of diagnosis.

METHODS

We used a pragmatic parallel randomized trial design. Dyads were recruited within 48 hours of diagnosis and randomized into a NODE-enhanced diabetes self-management education or a standard diabetes self-management education group. Dyads randomized in the NODE group received the intervention on an iPad before receiving the standard diabetes self-management education with a nurse educator. The Diabetes Knowledge Test 2 assessed disease-specific knowledge pre- and postintervention in both groups, and was compared using t tests. Usability of the NODE mobile health intervention was assessed in the NODE group.

RESULTS

We recruited 16 dyads (mean child age 10.75, SD 3.44). Mean Diabetes Knowledge Test 2 scores were 14.25 (SD 4.17) and 18.13 (SD 2.17) pre- and postintervention in the NODE group, and 15.50 (SD 2.67) and 17.38 (SD 2.26) in the standard diabetes self-management education group. The effect size was medium (Δ=0.56). Usability ratings of NODE were excellent.

CONCLUSIONS

NODE is a feasible mobile health strategy for type 1 diabetes education. It has the potential to be an effective and scalable tool to enhance diabetes self-management education at time of diagnosis, and consequently, could lead to improved long-term clinical outcomes for patients living with the disease.
Kempong, A Traditional Fermented Food in Karangpucung Kidul village, Linggapura Bumiayu, Central Java: Fermentation Agent and Their Roles
Authors: Rukmi Isworo , Arfina Devia Kusmawati , Kusdiyantini Endang
Published: October 2017

Kempong is a traditional fermented food that is found only in South Karangpucung    Linggapura Bumiayu village, Central Java. It is prepared from palm kernel cake (PKC).  This fermented food is consumed mostly everyday by the people in the village as a side dish or snack. Study on the mold important in the kempong fermentation was done by isolating molds from kempong, PKC, laru and the air of preparation room. Eleven species of molds were successfully isolated from different samples. Among the mold isolates three species came out from kempong product, i.e. R. oryzae, E. chevaliery and A. oryzae. The isolates showed the capability in producing amylase, protease, lipase, and cellulase. Both R. oryzae and A. oryzae indicated as the main fermentation mold in kempong production, because the inoculum laru only contained these two species.
Optimal Power Flow Using Flower Pollination Algorithm: A Case Study of 500 kV Java-Bali Power System
Authors: Sakti Fredi Prima , Sarjiya Sarjiya , Hadi Sasongko Pramono
Published: October 2017

Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is one of metaheuristic methods that is widely used in optimization problems. This method was inspired by the nature of flower pollination. In this research, FPA is applied to solve Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems with case study of 500 kV Java-Bali power system in Indonesia. The system consists of 25 bus with 30 lines and 8 generating units. Control variables are generation of active power and voltage magnitude at PV bus and swing bus under several power system constraints. The results show that FPA method is capable of solving OPF problem. This method decreased the generator fuel cost of PT. PLN (Persero), the state-owned company in charge of providing electricity in Indonesia, up to 13.15%.
High Performance Multistring Converter Topology for Three-Phase Grid Tied 200 kW Photovoltaic Generating System
Authors: L. Mohammad Rustam M. , Wijaya F. Danang
Published: October 2017

Under various external conditions, grid connected PV system performance is strongly affected by the topology that is used to connect a PV system with grid. This research aims to design a multistring based converter topology for three-phase grid connected 200 kW PV system that has a high performance in various operating conditions. Research was done by a simulation method using Matlab-Simulink with performance being evaluated including the generated power, efficiency, power quality in accordance with grid requirements, as well as the power flow. In the simulation, multistring converter topology was designed using two dc-dc boost multistring converters connected in parallel to a centralized of three-phase three-level NPC inverter with the size of the string being shorter and more parallel strings as well as the maximum voltage of the PV array of 273.5 V close to dc voltage reference of 500 V. Each dc-dc boost multistring converter have individual MPPT controllers. The simulation results showed that this multistring converter topology had a high performance in various operating conditions. This due to more power generated by the NPC inverter (> 190 kW) at the time of high power generation on the STC conditions (1000 W/m2, 25 oC), the lowest efficiency of the total system is 95.08 % and the highest efficiency of the total system is 99.4 %, the quality of the power generated in accordance with the requirements of grid, as well as the inverter put more active power to the grid and less reactive power to the grid. The response of the inverter slightly worse for loads with greater reactive power and unbalanced.