bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descriptive Analytics of MOOCs With ICT in Respect of Developed Countries and Indian Context
Authors: Pant Harsh Vardhan , Lohani Manoj Chandra , Pande Jeetendra
Published: February 2020

The advances in technology and changing demand from students and business as well as the possibility for reducing costs and generating income has led to a MOOC explosion. Over the last years, massive open online courses (MOOCs) have received a great deal of attention from the academic community, the business and the media. The boost of MOOC initiatives in India is connected with several crucial issues – Promoting Digital India, SarvaSiksha Abhiyan, population and infrastructure and the business model specific educational needs, gaps, and necessities. The present article gives a brief idea of the MOOCs, needs of MOOCs in Indian context, challenges of MOOCs, and comparative analysis of ICT and MOOCs conditions in different countries.
Best Practices and Emerging Trends for Knowledge-Based Organizations and Academic Institutions around E-Learning
Authors: Rahim Emad , Burrell Darrell Norman , Duncan Terrence , Finch Aikyna
Published: February 2020

Many organizations have embraced the notion to operate effectively in today's competitive climate as it is critical for them to become a knowledge-based organization, which is one where the focus is consistently on ways to help their stakeholders learn and develop new knowledge. The United States system of higher education and knowledge-based organizations have been vital to the economic development of the United States because of their capacities to generate and distribute knowledge and the growth of online learning has been a driving force behind the growth of new processes and approaches. This article looks at those trends through an exploration of the literature. The purpose is to inform and explore the current and future directions of e-learning in knowledge-based organizations and academic institutions.
Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Neutrophil Subset Expressing IL-10R1 Transmigrates into Skin Lesions and Responds to IL-10
Authors: Pacheco Fabiana Santos , Prata Rhana Berto da Silva , Brandão Sheila Santos , Ferreira Helen , Rodrigues Thaís Fernanda , Brandão dos Santos Jéssica , da Silva Camila Oliveira , Tavares Isabella Forasteiro , Mendes Mayara Abud , Rodrigues Ana Carolina Duarte Pereira , Machado Alice de Miranda , Nery José Augusto da Costa , Amadeu Thaís Porto , Moraes Milton Ozório , Sarno Euzenir Nunes , Schmitz Veronica
Published: February 2020

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an inflammatory complication in leprosy. Yet, the involvement of ENL neutrophils in the inflammatory response against Mycobacterium leprae remains poorly explored. Our primary aim was to investigate the utility of the surface expression of neutrophil IL-10R1 as an ENL biomarker and, secondarily, to evaluate whether leprosy or healthy M. leprae–stimulated neutrophils produce cytokines and are able to respond to IL-10. We, in this study, describe a subpopulation of circulating neutrophils of ENL patients that exclusively expressed IL-10R1, providing evidence that IL-10R1+ neutrophils are present in ENL lesions. It was also found that ENL neutrophils, but not those of nonreactional leprosy controls, were able to secret detectable levels of TNF ex vivo and the addition of IL-10 blocked TNF release. It was likewise observed that M. leprae–stimulated, healthy neutrophils expressed IL-10R1 in vitro, and ENL-linked cytokines were released by M. leprae–cultured neutrophils in vitro. Moreover, consistent with the presence of a fully functional IL-10R, the addition of IL-10 prevented the release of M. leprae–induced cytokines. Most importantly, dead M. leprae revealed its superior capacity to induce CCL4 and IL-8 in primary neutrophils over live Mycobacterium, suggesting that M. leprae may hamper the inflammatory machinery as an immune escape mechanism.
BAFF Produced by Neutrophils and Dendritic Cells Is Regulated Differently and Has Distinct Roles in Antibody Responses and Protective Immunity against West Nile Virus
Authors: Giordano Daniela , Kuley Runa , Draves Kevin E. , Roe Kelsey , Holder Ursula , Giltiay Natalia V. , Clark Edward A.
Published: February 2020

B cell activating factor (BAFF) is essential for B cells to develop and respond to Ags. Dysregulation of BAFF contributes to the development of some autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Little is known about when, where, and how BAFF is produced in vivo and about which BAFF-producing cells contribute to B cell responses. To better understand BAFF functions, we created BAFF reporter (BAFF-RFP) mice and Baff floxed (Bafffl/fl) mice. Splenic and bone marrow neutrophils (Nphs) from BAFF-RFP mice expressed the highest constitutive levels of BAFF; other myeloid subsets, including conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and monocyte (MO) subsets, expressed lower levels. Treatment of BAFF-RFP mice with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid increased BAFF expression in splenic Ly6Chi inflammatory MOs, CD11bhi activated NK subset, and in bone marrow myeloid precursors. Postinfection with West Nile virus (WNV), BAFF increased in CD8− cDCs and Nphs, and BAFF+ CD11bhi NK cells expanded in draining lymph nodes. The cell- and tissue-specific increases in BAFF expression were dependent on type I IFN signaling. MAVS also was required or contributed to BAFF expression in dendritic cell and MO subsets, respectively. Mice with deletion of Baff in either cDCs or Nphs had reduced Ab responses after NP-Ficoll immunization; thus, BAFF produced by both cDCs and Nphs contributes to T cell–independent Ab responses. Conversely, mice with a cDC Baff deficiency had increased mortality after WNV infection and decreased WNV-specific IgG and neutralizing Ab responses. BAFF produced by Nphs and cDCs is regulated differently and has key roles in Ab responses and protective immunity.
A Newly Recognized Pairing Mechanism of the α- and β-Chains of the Chicken Peptide–MHC Class II Complex
Authors: Zhang Lijie , Li Xiaoying , Ma Lizhen , Zhang Bing , Meng Geng , Xia Chun
Published: February 2020

MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules play a crucial role in cellular and humoral immunity by forming peptide–MHC-II (pMHC-II) complexes. The three-dimensional structures of pMHC-II complexes have been well resolved in humans and mice. However, there is no structural information for pMHC-II complexes in nonmammals. In chickens, there are two closely related and highly polymorphic β-chains and one monomorphic α-chain, and the mechanism by which one monomorphic α-chain combines with two polymorphic β-chains to form a functional heterodimer remains unknown. In this study, we report the crystal structure of a chicken pMHC-II complex (pBL2*019:01) at 1.9-Å resolution as the first nonmammalian structure of a pMHC-II complex. The structure reveals an increase in hydrogen bonding between the α and β main chains at the central interface that is introduced by the insertion of four residues in the α-chain. The residues in the β-chain that form hydrogen bonds with the α-chain are conserved among all β alleles. These structural characteristics explain the phenomenon of only one BLA allele without sequence variation pairing with highly diverse BLB alleles from two loci in the genome. Additionally, the characteristics of the peptide in the peptide-binding groove were confirmed. These results provide a new understanding of the pairing mechanism of the α- and β-chains in a pMHC-II complex and establish a structural principle to design epitope-related vaccines for the prevention of chicken diseases.
Beneficial Effects of a Negative Ion Patch on Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Inflammation, and Exercise Performance in Badminton Athletes
Authors: Ho Chin-Shan , Lee Mon-Chien , Chang Chi-Yao , Chen Wen-Chyuan , Huang Wen-Ching
Published: February 2020

Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are widely applied and accepted for therapeutic purposes because of their numerous benefits. Negative ion treatment belongs to one of the critical categories defined by the National Center for CAM, with such treatment capable of air purification and ameliorating emotional disorders (e.g., depression and seasonal affective disorder). Negative ions can be produced naturally and also by a material with activated energy. Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) often occurs due to inadequate warm up, high-intensity exercise, overload, and inappropriate posture, especially for high-intensive competition. Few studies have investigated the effects of negative ion treatment on muscular injury in the sports science field. In the current study, we enrolled badminton athletes and induced muscle damage in them through eccentric exercise in the form of a high-intensity squat program. We evaluated the effects of negative ion patches of different intensities at three points (preexercise, postexercise, and recovery) by analyzing physiological indexes (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, creatine kinase [CK], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] levels) and performing a functional assessment (a countermovement jump [CMJ] test). We found that a high-intensity negative ion patch could significantly reduce the levels of TNF-α, an injury-associated inflammatory cytokine, and related markers (CK and LDH). In addition, muscular overload-caused fatigue could be also ameliorated, as indicated by the functional CMJ test result, and related muscular characteristics (tone and stiffness) could be effectively improved. Thus, the negative ion treatment could effectively improve physiological adaption and muscular fatigue recovery after EIMD in the current study. The negative ion patch treatment can be further integrated into a taping system to synergistically fulfill exercise-induced damage protection and functional elevation. However, the effects of this treatment require further experimental validation.
Pediatric Persistent Pain: Associations Among Sensory Modulation, Attachment, Functional Disability, and Quality of Life
Authors: Sinclair Cate , Meredith Pamela , Strong Jenny
Published: February 2020

Importance: Although attachment is associated with sensory modulation among children and adolescents and insecure attachment is associated with pain severity among adolescents, relationships among sensory modulation, attachment, and function have not previously been demonstrated in a clinical sample of children and adolescents with complex persistent pain.

Objective: To investigate relationships among sensory modulation, attachment, function, and quality of life (QOL) in a pediatric population with persistent pain.

Design: Cross-sectional quantitative design. From October 2015 to July 2017, all children, adolescents, and parents attending a clinic for assessment completed questionnaires and were provided information and consent forms. Those who consented completed sensory modulation and attachment questionnaires.

Setting: Tertiary pain management clinic.

Participants: Children (ages 8–12 yr) and adolescents (ages 13–18 yr) with persistent pain (pain of >3 mo duration or a specific pain disorder) and the capacity to answer questionnaires independently.

Measures: Standardized sensory modulation, attachment, pain intensity, functional disability, and QOL questionnaires. Hypotheses were generated before data collection.

Results: Of 152 children and adolescents, 114 children (30 girls, 9 boys) and adolescents (68 girls, 7 boys) met study criteria and consented to participate. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that sensory sensitivity predicted disability for children and adolescents, and attachment anxiety mediated the relationship between low registration and poorer school-related QOL.

Conclusion and Relevance: Behaviors related to insecure attachment patterns provide a mediating pathway from sensory modulation to functional disability; addressing such behaviors clinically may facilitate engagement in daily activities for children and adolescents with persistent pain.

What This Article Adds: Results support the need to consider the interactions between sensory modulation and attachment when addressing functional abilities with occupational therapy treatment.
Urgência Subjetiva em Emergência Obstétrica de Alto Risco: Um Estudo Psicanalítico
Authors: Barboza Edcarla Melissa Oliveira , De Avelar Telma Costa , Torres Juliana Carneiro , Do Nascimento Thayrine Bezerra
Published: February 2020

O período gestacional pode vir acompanhado de complicações emergenciais, capazes de ocasionar iminente ameaça de morte à vida materna e/ou fetal, contribuindo para a crescente taxa de mortalidade nessa população. O encontro com o inesperado, nesses casos, pode provocar experiências em que o sujeito se vê diante de um insuportável, impossível de simbolizar. Em psicanálise, esse momento pode ser atribuído ao conceito de urgência subjetiva. Diante disso, o presente artigo procurou discutir de que maneira a mulher em situação de emergência obstétrica de alto risco pode ser afetada pela experiência da urgência subjetiva e quais desdobramentos diante desse encontro. Propomo-nos a compreender o conceito de urgência subjetiva à luz da teoria psicanalítica e identificar seus entrelaçamentos com a emergência obstétrica de alto risco. Trata-se de uma pesquisa teórica em psicanálise, qualitativa e exploratória, realizada a partir de seleção bibliográfica. A análise dos dados encontrados consistiu na identificação e discussão de conceitos que se entrelaçam com a urgência subjetiva, na tentativa de pensar essa conexão em situações de emergência obstétrica de alto risco. A literatura evidenciou que a urgência subjetiva está associada a um momento de crise, indicando uma ruptura na dimensão discursiva, expondo o sujeito ao real avassalador e desordenado, de modo que angústia, trauma e tempo foram identificados como alguns dos conceitos entrelaçados à urgência subjetiva. No que concerne às situações de emergência obstétrica de alto risco, elementos como perdas, acontecimentos inesperados e rupturas podem indicar a possibilidade de inscrição da urgência subjetiva. No entanto, evidenciou-se que, por vezes, esses acontecimentos são tratados pela via do imediatismo, impossibilitando ao sujeito ressignificar sua experiência. Assim, atenta-se para que, diante do caos instaurado nesses ambientes, dê-se lugar para uma pausa, a fim de resgatar a cadeia discursiva, anteriormente diluída, e o sujeito possa vir a se reorganizar.
Compreendendo o Amor e suas Expressões em Diferentes Etapas do Desenvolvimento
Authors: Hoffmeister Alana , Carvalho Liana Muller , Marin Angela
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a percepção do amor, compreendendo como esse sentimento é vivenciado nas relações amorosas em diferentes etapas do desenvolvimento – adolescência, adultez e velhice. Utilizou-se um delineamento exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e transversal. Foram selecionados por conveniência nove adolescentes, nove adultos e oito idosos, que estavam em um relacionamento amoroso há, no mínimo, seis meses. Todos responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada, que versava sobre a percepção do amor e como era vivenciado em seu relacionamento. A análise de conteúdo dos dados indicou diferenças e semelhanças entre as etapas investigadas. Em todas elas o amor foi associado ao apoio, cuidado, respeito e confiança, bem como sua vivência evidenciada pela troca de carinhos. Especificamente na adolescência, os relatos apontaram para um amor com características mais efêmeras, porém os participantes destacaram que estavam aprendendo a se relacionar. Entre os adultos se evidenciou um amor caracterizado como sólido e maduro, além do compartilhamento de sonhos e planos para o futuro. Já os idosos relataram que percebiam o amor como cuidado, principalmente devido ao medo da perda do parceiro. Evidenciou-se que a forma como o amor é percebido e vivenciado não está relacionada especificamente à idade, mas às experiências de vida e à relação que se constrói com o/a parceiro/a. Espera-se que os resultados encontrados promovam a reflexão sobre o amor e suas vivências nos relacionamentos atuais e que sirvam de subsídio para fundamentar intervenções que tenham como objetivo fomentar a qualidade das relações afetivas.
Rereading Huizinga
Authors: Arnade Peter , Howell Martha , Lem Anton , Small Graeme , Greilsammer Myriam , Boone Marc , Dumolyn Jan , Lecuppre-Desjardin Elodie , Wolfthal Diane , Brown Andrew , Simons Walter , Symes Carol , Vanwesenbeeck Birger , Cho Jun , Silver Larry
Published: February 2020

Rereading Huizinga: Autumn of the Middle Ages, a Century Later explores the legacy and historiographical impact of Johan Huizinga’s 1919 masterwork a century after its publication. Often considered one of the most successful books in medieval European history, its reception has varied over the last hundred years, popular with non-academic readers, and appraised more critically by fellow historians and those more generally in the field of medieval studies. There is broad consensus, however, about the work’s absolute centrality, and the authors of this volume assess the Autumn of the Middle Ages reception, afterlife, and continued vitality.
The Digital Image and Reality
Authors: Strutt Daniel
Published: February 2020

The media technologies that surround and suffuse our everyday life profoundly affect our relation to reality. Philosophers since Plato and Aristotle have sought to understand the complex influence of apparently simple tools of expression on our understanding and experience of the world, time, space, materiality and energy. The Digital Image and Reality takes up this crucial philosophical task for our digital era. This rich yet accessible work argues that when new visual technologies arrive to represent and simulate reality, they give rise to nothing less than a radically different sensual image of the world. Through engaging with post-cinematic content and the new digital formats in which it appears, Strutt uncovers and explores how digital image-making is integral to emergent modes of metaphysical reflection - to speculative futurism, optimistic nihilism, and ethical plasticity. Ultimately, he prompts the reader to ask whether the impact of digital image processes might go even beyond our subjective consciousness of reality, towards the synthesis of objective actuality itself.
The Javanese Way of Law
Authors: Hoadley Mason
Published: February 2020

The author's investigation of early-modern Javanese law reveals that judicial authority does not come from the contents of legal titles or juridical texts, but from legal maxims and variations thereof. A century and a half ago Simon Keyzer, a recognized scholar of Javanese law, noted that understanding of that law is dependent upon a grasp of such pithy expressions, which provide the key to the whole body of suits. (Preface, C.F. Winter, Javaansche Zamenspraken, 1858, which examines hundreds of sloka, the majority of which are directed to prevailing legal practice). Drawing upon the contents of 18th century Javanese legal texts, the present work builds upon Keyzer's and Winter's references to 'sloka-phenomena', namely sloka proper (maxims) and its derivatives sinalokan (that made of sloka), aksara here meaning legal principles, and prakara (matter, case). These are usually conveyed in vignettes illustrating their function and as a group, constitute the essence of traditional Javanese written law.
AIRPORT RUNWAY SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION BASED ON DCNN IN HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGES
Authors: Men Z. C. , Jiang J. , Guo X. , Chen L. J. , Liu D. S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Due to the diverse structure and complex background of airports, fast and accurate airport detection in remote sensing images is challenging. Currently, airport detection method is mostly based on boxes, but pixel-based detection method which identifies airport runway outline has been merely reported. In this paper, a framework using deep convolutional neural network is proposed to accurately identify runway contour from high resolution remote sensing images. Firstly, we make a large and medium airport runway semantic segmentation data set (excluding the south Korean region) including 1,464 airport runways. Then DeepLabv3 semantic segmentation network with cross-entropy loss is trained using airport runway dataset. After the training using cross-entropy loss, lovasz-softmax loss function is used to train network and improve the intersection-over-union (IoU) score by 5.9%. The IoU score 0.75 is selected as the threshold of whether the runway is detected and we get accuracy and recall are 96.64% and 94.32% respectively. Compared with the state-of-the-art method, our method improves 1.3% and 1.6% of accuracy and recall respectively. We extract the number of airport runway as well as their basic contours of all the Korean large and medium airports from the remote sensing images across South Korea. The results show that our method can effectively detect the runway contour from the remote sensing images of a large range of complex scenes, and can provide a reference for the detection of the airport.
KARST ROCKY DESERTIFICATION INFORMATION EXTRACTION BASED ON THE DECISION TREE
Authors: Su C. J. , Yue T. , Jiang L. , Li X. M. , Wang W. G.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Rocky desertification is a common geo-ecological disasters in China are mainly distributed in southwest karst region, and a wide range of further deterioration. Based on the theory of decision tree Guangxi rocky information extraction, selection of experimental data of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2005 TM image. First of remote sensing images after geometric correction image registration and other pretreatment. Secondly based on binary model of pixel, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region NDVI values and vegetation cover and slope analysis combining the results of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the use of decision tree classification of remote sensing images, and finally get different levels of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region rocky area and spatial distribution. The experimental results showed that: 2005 Guangxi rocky area of about 22,000 km2, accounting for 9% of the total land area in Guangxi, accounting for 24.30% of the karst area the overall classification accuracy of 89.03%, Kappa coefficient was 0.8417. From the classification results and the accuracy evaluation shows that the use of the information extracted rocky achieve better results.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SCENIC INTELLIGENT GUIDE SYSTEM BASED ON WECHAT APPLET
Authors: Li J. W. , Li X. , Jiang J. W. , Yu N. , Ma Y. , Chen W. D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In view of the incomplete information acquisition, low visit efficiency and poor travel experience in the traditional tourism mode, under the background of the widespread use of WeChat, the intelligent guide system based on WeChat applet was designed and developed.Firstly, the overall architecture of the intelligent tour guide system is designed, including the basic data end, the network transmission end, the WeChat platform end and the application server.Secondly, the basic functions of the intelligent tour guide system are introduced.Finally, the key techniques for implementing the tour guide system are analyzed. The tour guide system is easy to use, simple to develop, has a good promotion and application prospect, and provides a new method and idea for the design of other travel service systems.
DELINEATION WATER OF PEARL RIVER BASIN USING LANDSAT IMAGES FROM GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE
Authors: Bi L. , Fu B. L. , Lou P. Q. , Tang T. Y.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Surface water plays an important role in ecological circulation. Global climate change and urbanization affect the distribution and quality of water. In order to obtain surface water information quickly and accurately, this study uses Google Earth Engine (GEE) as a data processing tool, 309 Landsat 8 series images from 2016 to 2019 are selected to calculate 4 different water indexes, including Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified NDWI (MNDWI), Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEIsh) and Multi- Band Water Index (MBWI) to extract surface water in Pearl River Basin. In order to remove the influence of other ground objects, Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Building Index (NDBI) and Digital Surface Model (DSM) are combined with the above four water indexes, and threshold segmentation is used to eliminate the influence of vegetation, buildings and mountains. Finally, take the advantage of morphological filtering algorithm to eliminate non-water pixels. The results show that GEE is able to extract surface water in a very short time; AWEIsh has the highest overall accuracy of 94.12%, which is 7.20% higher than the classical NDWI method; There is no significant difference in the width and shape of rivers from 2015 to 2018; The locations of the rivers extracted by the four methods are consistent with the 1 : 100,000 river system basic data of 2015 provided by the Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China.
Evaluation of the impact of wind farm control techniques on fatigue and ultimate loads
Authors: Croce Alessandro , Cacciola Stefano , Sartori Luca , De Fidelibus Paride
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Wind farm control is one of the solutions recently proposed to increase the overall energy production of a wind power plant. A generic wind farm control is typically synthesized so as to optimize the energy production of the entire wind farm by reducing the detrimental effects due to wake-turbine interactions. As a matter of fact, the performance of a farm control is typically measured by looking mainly at the increase of produced power, possibly weighted with the wind Weibull and rose at a specific place, and, sometimes, by looking also at the fatigue loads. However, an aspect which is rather overlooked is the evaluation of the impact that a farm control law has on the maximum loads and on the dynamic responses under extreme conditions of the individual wind turbine. In this work, two promising wind farm controls, based respectively on Wake Redirection (WR) and Dynamic Induction Control (DIC) strategy, are evaluated at a single wind turbine level. To do so, a two-pronged analysis is performed. Firstly, the control techniques are evaluated in terms of the related impact on some specific key performance indicators (e.g. fatigue and ultimate loads, actuator duty cycle and annual energy production). Secondarily, an optimal blade redesign process, which takes into account the presence of the wind farm control, is performed with the goal of quantifying the possible modification in the structure of the blade and hence of quantifying the impact of the control on the Cost of Energy model.
Concepção de mulheres idosas sobre a sexualidade na velhice
Authors: Dos Santos Alana Duque , Santos Alana Libania de Souza , Andrade Luana Machado , Boa Sorte Elionara Teixeira , Santos Ester Da Silva , Guerra Sabrina Da Silva
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: analisar a concepção de mulheres idosas sobre a sexualidade na velhice. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto de extensão Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade, com dez mulheres idosas. Coletaram-se as informações por meio de um roteiro semiestruturado, analisando-as pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: apontaram-se, a partir dos dados, três categorias: Sexualidade: superando o modelo cultural tradicional; Concepção de sexualidade e Experiência da sexualidade na velhice. Conclusão: observou-se que as mulheres idosas concebem a sexualidade como uma experiência viável na velhice, mesmo diante das limitações corporais e funcionais atreladas ao envelhecimento. Descritores: Sexualidade; Idoso; Envelhecimento; Saúde do Idoso; Saúde da Mulher; Relação Sexual.AbstractObjective: to analyze the conception of elderly women about sexuality in old age. Method: this is a qualitative, descriptive study, developed within the scope of the Open University to the Third Age extension project, with ten elderly women. The information was collected through a semi-structured script, analyzing it by the technique of Thematic Content Analysis. Results: from the data, three categories were pointed out: Sexuality: surpassing the traditional cultural model; Conception of sexuality and Experience of sexuality in old age. Conclusion: it was observed that elderly women conceive sexuality as a viable experience in old age, even in the face of bodily and functional limitations linked to aging. Descriptors: Sexuality; Old Man; Aging; Health of the Elderly; Women's Health; Sexual Intercourse.ResumenObjetivo: analizar la concepción de las mujeres mayores sobre la sexualidad en la vejez. Método: este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, desarrollado en el proyecto de extensión Universidad Abierta a la Tercera Edad, con diez mujeres de edad avanzada. La información se recopiló con un guión semiestructurado, analizándolos mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías: Sexualidad: superando el modelo cultural tradicional; Concepción de la sexualidad; y Experiencia de sexualidad en la vejez. Conclusión: se observó que las mujeres de edad avanzada conciben la sexualidad como una experiencia viable en la vejez, incluso frente a las limitaciones corporales y funcionales relacionadas con el envejecimiento. Descriptores: La sexualidade; Personas de Edad Avanzada; Envejecimiento; Salud del Anciano; Salud de la Mujer; Relación Sexual.
Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy: Diagnosis With Ultrasound
Authors: Hoffman Taryn , Lin Judy
Published: February 2020

We present a rare case of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy as diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography. Cases such as this are rare, but they are becoming more commonly detected with the growing frequency of cesarean sections, improving technology, and provider proficiency with point-of-care ultrasound. Quick identification of this dangerous diagnosis can be life saving for the patient, as the outcomes of ruptured cesarean ectopic pregnancy may include significant hemorrhage, uterine rupture, and possibly maternal death.
Pediatric Herpes Zoster
Authors: Quesada Daniel , Morsky Larissa , Aguìñiga-Navarrete Phillip , Garrett Madison
Published: February 2020

A 10-year-old male vaccinated against varicella had developed left-sided rashes on his thoracic region in single dermatomal distribution, which is consistent with herpes zoster. Although herpes zoster is uncommon in children, especially with the current vaccination regimen, this case report serves as a reminder to consider it in one’s differential diagnoses, even in the immunocompetent, fully immunized pediatric patient. This is a case report of a previously healthy, fully vaccinated child who developed herpes zoster.
Endotracheal Metastasis Causing Airway Obstruction
Authors: Yano Yudai , Fujiwara Takashi , Mizuta Masanobu
Published: February 2020

Endotracheal metastasis, a critical complication of primary lung cancer, is an extremely
rare lesion. A 73-year-old woman who had previously received treatment for lung cancer presented to our emergency department with dyspnea. A chest computed tomography and nasopharyngolaryngoscopy showed an endotracheal mass below the epiglottis, obstructing the trachea almost completely. The patient had an emergency tracheostomy, and then the mass was removed via median laryngotomy. This lesion was proven to be a recurrent metastasis of lung cancer. Clinicians should recognize endotracheal metastasis as an important differential diagnosis in cancer patients presenting with respiratory symptoms.
Epstein-Barr Virus-induced Jaundice
Authors: Herold Jessica , Grimaldo Felipe
Published: February 2020

Infectious mononucleosis is primarily caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is a common diagnosis made in emergency departments worldwide. Subclinical and transient transaminase elevations are a well-established sequela of EBV. However, acute cholestatic hepatitis is a rare complication. EBV infection should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis in patients with an obstructive pattern on liver function tests without evidence of biliary obstruction demonstrated on advanced imaging.
Diabetic Muscle Infarction
Authors: Ahmed Sophia , Fairley Romeo
Published: February 2020

A 58-year-old male with past medical history of diabetes mellitus presented with pain to the bilateral groin for six weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient’s lower extremities revealed acute myoedema, and he was diagnosed with myositis secondary to diabetic muscle infarction.
Serratus Anterior Plane Block in the Emergency Department: A Case Series
Authors: Lin Judy , Hoffman Taryn , Badashova Ksenya , Motov Sergey , Haines Lawrence
Published: February 2020

This is a case series of six emergency department (ED) patients who received an ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) for a variety of painful conditions. Our cases illustrate the feasibility and analgesic efficacy of the SAPB in providing pain management in ED patients with a variety of painful syndromes, including those with severe pain from multiple rib fractures, herpes zoster, and tube thoracostomy placement. In addition, we found no adverse events in our case series.
Acute Finger Ischemia in an Elderly Male without Risk Factors for Hypercoagulability
Authors: Amin Manish , Torres Angela , Aguìñiga-Navarrete Phillip , Quesada Daniel , Jerome Jason , Jones Amber
Published: February 2020

Literature on ulnar artery thrombosis and acute finger ischemia is scant and usually related to underlying hypercoagulable or occlusive states, such as atrial fibrillation, thrombangiitis obliterans, vasospasm, trauma, and neurovascular compression at the root of the upper limb. An elderly hypertensive male without an underlying hypercoagulable state, and in otherwise good health, presented to our emergency department with acute multi-finger ischemia, and ulnar artery and palmar arch thromboses. Given his innocuous history, this case demonstrates the importance of maintaining acute arterial thrombosis on the differential for hand pain despite the obvious propensity toward mechanical injuries in the extremities.
Pseudo-duplication of the Gallbladder
Authors: Adamski Jamie , Mohan Divya , Waasdorp Christopher
Published: February 2020

Phrygian cap and its rare relative, pseudo-duplication of the gallbladder, are two radiologic findings that may be revealed on ultrasound evaluation. Correct identification of Phrygian cap and pseudo-duplication should trigger a careful survey of the gallbladder in its entirety to rule out pathology. These anatomic variants may lead to partial under-distension of the gallbladder and can cause the gallbladder wall to appear falsely thickened. Asymptomatic patients with this finding may be safely discharged while symptomatic patients may require further surgical consultation.
Bilateral Luxatio Erecta Humeri With Acute Anterior-inferior Re-dislocation
Authors: Kessler Adam , Hinkley Jacob , Houserman David , Lytle Jacob , Sorscher Michael
Published: February 2020

Luxatio erecta is a description for a specific and rare type of shoulder dislocation where the humeral head dislocates directly inferior. This rare form of glenohumeral dislocation accounts for only 0.5% of shoulder dislocations. It is even less common for both shoulders to be bilaterally dislocated inferiorly with the characteristic “hands up” posture. A limited number of these bilateral occurrences are described in the literature to date and most have been from higher energy trauma. We have described a low energy case of bilateral luxatio erecta and the reduction method used and the continued instability following successful reduction under procedural anesthesia.
Repercussion of medium and long treatment period with continuous positive airways pressure therapy in heart rate variability of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Correia Fernanda Jesus , Martins Luiz Eduardo Barreto , Barreto Daniel Matos , Pithon Karla Rocha
Published: February 2020

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory sleep disorder. Many of these patients also exhibit autonomic alterations which can be observed through heart rate variability (HRV). Currently, one of the treatments for apnea is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

Objective To observe OSA patients treated with CPAP exhibit HRV changes at medium and long treatment period.

Methods This is an integrative literature review conducted in May of 2018. The databases used for this research were PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and Pedro, the keywords used were “heart rate variability”, “obstructive sleep apnea” and “CPAP”. In this review was included original, published, randomized and non-randomized articles, released in the English language, before and up to April 2018, which specified the effects of CPAP therapy in autonomic dysfunction through the analysis of the HRV of patients diagnosed with OSA after at least one month of therapy.

Results The research of the literature produced 113 articles. After excluding duplicates and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected for this review.

Conclusion It was concluded that CPAP therapy is related to change in heart rate variability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Heart rate variability in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review
Authors: Sequeira Vanessa Cristina Cunha , Bandeira Pamela Martin , Azevedo João Carlos Moreno
Published: February 2020

Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a common respiratory disorder characterized by recurrent nocturnal episodes of normal breathing interruption due to upper airway total or partial collapse. Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases has similar risk factors, but the first is also a predisposing factor for cardiovascular pathologies independently of individuals demographic characteristics or risk markers. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive method to evaluate the regulation of autonomic nervous system and its a promising marker for health and disease, such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The aim was to review whether heart rate variability is altered in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. We searched in five databases, including BIREME, Cochrane, Scholar Google, MEDLINE/PubMed and Periodics CAPES, and reference lists were also searched. Only cross-sectional studies comparing the heart rate variability of obstructive sleep patients with controls were included. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed trial quality. Twelve studies (513 participants with obstructive sleep apnea and 340 controls) met the inclusion criteria. This review evidence that adults with obstructive sleep apnea may demonstrate diminished vagal tone and higher sympathetic responsiveness.
La necesidad de una ley de protección de datos en salud
Authors: Serrano Pérez María Mercedes
Published: February 2020

Resumen: El tratamiento de la información personal en el contexto de la salud y de la investigación en salud ha de conjugar el derecho a la protección de datos de las personas con la necesidad de utilizar la información para la satisfacción de la vertiente colectiva que incorpora el derecho a la salud. El beneficio de dicha armonía repercute en toda la sociedad. Las leyes de protección de datos han de perseguir dicho objetivo. 

Summary: The treatmen of personal information in the context of health and the investigation has to harmonize the right to data protection with the use of information to satisfy the social side of the right to health. The benefit of this relationship has an impact on society. Data protection laws pursue this objective
Notes on the cheek region of the Late Jurassic theropod dinosaurAllosaurus
Authors: Evers Serjoscha W. , Foth Christian , Rauhut Oliver W.M.
Published: February 2020

Allosaurus, from the Late Jurassic of North America and Europe, is a model taxon for Jurassic basal tetanuran theropod dinosaurs. It has achieved an almost iconic status due to its early discovery in the late, 19th century, and due to the abundance of material from the Morrison Formation of the western U.S.A., makingAllosaurusone of the best-known theropod taxa. Despite this, various aspects of the cranial anatomy ofAllosaurusare surprisingly poorly understood. Here, we discuss the osteology of the cheek region, comprised by the jugal, maxilla, and lacrimal. This region of the skull is of importance forAllosaurustaxonomy and phylogeny, particularly becauseAllosaurushas traditionally been reconstructed with an unusual cheek configuration, and because the European speciesAllosaurus europaeushas been said to be different from North American material in the configuration of these bones. Based on re-examination of articulated and disarticulated material from a number of repositories, we show that the jugal participates in the antorbital fenestra, contradicting the common interpretation. The jugal laterally overlies the lacrimal, and forms an extended antorbital fossa with this bone. Furthermore, we document previously unrecorded pneumatic features of the jugal ofAllosaurus.
Microbial communities on fish eggs from Acanthopagrus schlegelii and Halichoeres nigrescens at the XuWen coral reef in the Gulf of Tonkin
Authors: Bai Shijie , Hou Gang
Published: February 2020

Coral reefs are an important part of the ocean ecosystem and are a vital spawning ground for marine fish. Microorganisms are abundant in this environment and play a key role in the growth and development of host species. Many studies have investigated the microbial communities of fish with a focus on the intestinal microbiome of laboratory-reared adult fish. Little is known about the relationship between fish eggs and their microorganisms, especially as microbial communities relate to wild fish eggs in coral reefs. In this study, we analyzed the microbial communities of two species of coral fish eggs, Acanthopagrus schlegelii and Halichoeres nigrescens, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology. Pseudomonas, Archromobacter, and Serratia were the main bacterial genera associated with these fish eggs and are known to be bacteria with potentially pathogenic and spoilage effects. The microbial community structures of Acanthopagrus schlegelii and Halichoeres nigrescens eggs were separated based on the 30 most abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) further confirmed that the microbial communities of coral fish eggs differ by species, which may be due to host selection. A functional prediction of the microbial communities indicated that most of the microbial communities were chemoheterotrophic and involved in nitrogen cycling. Our results showed that the microbial communities of coral fish eggs were distinct by species and that key microorganisms were potentially pathogenic, leading to the spoilage of fish eggs, high mortality, and low incubation rates. This study provided new insights for understanding the relationship between microorganisms and wild fish eggs.
Tropical climate and moral hygiene: the anatomy of a Victorian debate
Authors: LIVINGSTONE DAVID N.
Published: July 2002

On Wednesday 27 April 1898, Dr Luigi [Louis] Westenra Sambon (1865–1931) addressed the Royal Geographical Society in London on a topic of much interest to the Victorian public. An Anglo-French medical graduate of the University of Naples, a Fellow of the London Zoological Society and a recent visitor to Central Africa, he was well equipped to tackle the subject of the ‘Acclimatization of Europeans in Tropical Lands’. The ‘problem of tropical colonization’, he began, ‘is one of the most important and pressing with which European states have to deal. Civilization has favoured unlimited multiplication, and thereby intensified that struggle for existence the limitation of which seemed to be its very object…I know full well that the question of emigration is beset with a variety of moral, social, political, and economic difficulties; but it is the law of nature, and civilization has no better remedy for the evils caused by overcrowding.’

Even from these introductory remarks, it is already plain that Sambon's project was a compound product of medical diagnosis, colonial imperative, Darwinian demography and moral evaluation. And it is the rhetorical zone roughly marked out by this quadrilateral of disease, empire, struggle and virtue that I want to explore here. First, however, it will be instructive to return to that afternoon a century ago and spend a little more time listening in on the deliberations.
Rescission as a Self-Help Remedy: A Critical Analysis
Authors: O'Sullivan Janet
Published: July 2002

Rescission (the process by which a voidable contract or other disposition is avoided) is frequently described as a remedy which can be effected both by judicial decree and by the act of the innocent party. This article seeks to explore the latter notion, that it is possible to rescind a contract or disposition by self-help means. It explains that the law is in some disarray, caused primarily by confusion between the dual historical development of rescission at law and in equity. Rescission was traditionally regarded as the act of the innocent party only for vitiating factors (such as fraud) actionable at common law, not those actionable in equity, but this separation was not maintained following the Judicature Acts. Moreover, there are practical and conceptual difficulties with the notion of rescission as a self-help remedy, both in the idea that rescission can be effected by the election of the innocent party without judicial intervention and that, even where judicial rescission is obtained, the court order is back-dated to the earlier date of the innocent party’s election. The principal difficulty arises when an executed or partly executed transaction is rescinded, for then there are restitutionary implications and implications for the security of third party title. The conclusion is that the notion of rescission as a self-help remedy serves only to confuse in the modern law of obligations and should be abandoned.
MODELLING THE IMPACT OF EROSION ON SOIL PRODUCTIVITY: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF APPROACHES ON DATA FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: TENBERG A. , DA VEIGA M. , DECHEN S. C. F. , STOCKING M. A.
Published: July 2002

Erosion changes soil properties, removes nutrients and alters crop yields. A knowledge of these impacts on soil productivity is needed for economic analyses of erosion and conservation. Based on a United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization experimental design to monitor these changes, results are reported from four research sites in southern Brazil on Ferralsols and Cambisols, enabling the construction of erosion–yield–time and nutrient loss relationships. Plot experiments ran for up to seven years of natural erosion, followed by one or two years of maize cropping. A remarkably consistent composite erosion–yield relationship in logarithmic form was found, showing a sharp yield decline with initial soil loss. Soil ‘resilience’ was identified through erosion–time relationships, ‘sensitivity’ through erosion–yield equations. As erosion progressed, losses of nutrients, especially of organic carbon and calcium, were significant. In situ changes in soil properties were far less marked. Together with measured yield reductions caused by cumulative erosion, these results enabled the modelling of changes in soil productivity over time with respect to both soil quality and impact on yields. A production ‘half-life’ of between one and 39 years according to soil type and level of erosion was also identified.
SEASONAL VARIATION IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF YOUNG TEA
Authors: Ghosh Hajra N. , Kumar R.
Published: July 2002

Photosynthetic rates (Pn) of China-type high quality tea (Camellia sinensis), clone T78, 44–68 months after field planting, were monitored during the different seasons of 1996 and 1997. The maximum value of Pn (11.9 μmol m−2 s−1) was recorded in October when humidity was very high, temperature, sunshine hours and soil moisture were moderate and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was highest. Low temperature accompanied by low soil moisture reduced Pn during the winter (February). An important limiting factor for Pn was observed to be moisture stress. An apparent relationship between Pn and relative humidity was observed. In general, higher rates of Pn were recorded during periods of low evaporative demand (low VPD).