bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Utilization of Metroxylon Sago (Rottb.) Dregs for Low Bioethanol as Fuel Households Needs in Papua Province Indonesia
Authors: Jonatan Numberi Johni , Ekayuliana Arifia , Dhiputra I Made Kartika , Nugroho Yulianto Sulistyo
Published: September 2017

The rate of energy needs in Indonesia has increased and the availability of derived fuel energy from fossil has waned. It became worse because of the increase of the population growth, followed by the accretion of life needs that impact on the increase of fuel needs. As much as 55 % fuel oil is used for household industry and transportation. This condition motivates the government to develop alternative energies which are cheaper, renewable and environmentally friendly. One of them is the utilization of sago waste to produce bioethanol as alternative fuel source to fulfill the energy availability in our country especially in the provinces. The Sago potential in Indonesia is ± 1 250 000 ha, where ± 1 200 000 ha of which is in Papua. Thus, Papua has the largest sago potential in the world. This study was conducted to produce clean combustion processes that are healthy, fuel saving and environmentally friendly. The research method consisted of  three steps; they were the production of bioethanol from sago dregs using fermentation, the test of fuel characteristics of lower heating value using a bomb calorimeter and the measurement of combustion efficiency with water boiling test as well as heat release rate using a cone calorimeter. The fuel used was bioethanol from sago waste that contained 60 % ethanol.
In Vitro Study of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tolerant to the Drought Stress
Authors: Sirait Bilter Anton , Charloq Rosa
Published: September 2017

In vitro preliminary studies is candidate tolerant of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to the drought stress. This study aimed to determine the characters of potato after being exposed to in vitro drought stress conditions using Polyethylene Glycol PEG.  This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, UPT Balai Benih Induk Hortikultura Dinas Pertanian Provinsi Sumatera Utara, in Medan and other places in January 2015 until May 2015. This study used Completely Randomized non Factorial Design namely PEG (P) comprising of two levels, namely: P1 = 5 000 mg · L–1, P2 = 6 000 mg · L–1.  The results showed that increasing the concentration of PEG resulted in reduction of the percentage of plantlets survival, reduced plantlets height and plantlets dry weight but  the increase in  the total protein and leaf chlorophyll. Although the banding pattern is relatively the same, there is a brighter visible banding pattern on potato plantlets with OPAA 09  in the range of 65 bp to 75 bp with sequences of GTGGGTGCCA.
The Effect Infrared and Ultraviolet Radiation in the Development of the Cells in the Porous Permeable Titanium Nickel Based Alloy Scaffold
Authors: Gunther S.V. , Dambaev G.Ts. , Kokorev O.V.
Published: September 2017

The respond of the cells to electromagnetic radiation depends on many factors, including microenvironment. Different cells exhibit different behavior when exposed to low-intensity radiation employed in the research. The effect of infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation leads to the reliable change in the number of viable cells. Viable cells of Ehrlich tumor, spleen and bone marrow of C57BL/6 mice placed in a porous permeable TiNi-based alloy scaffold were studied. The level of the radiation effect was determined for different types of cells. A comparative analysis of the viable cells cultured in the porous permeable TiNi scaffold was performed.
Reconstruction of Thoracic Postresection Defects by TiNi-based Implant
Authors: Topolnitskiy E.B. , Dambaev G.Ts. , Hodorenko V.N. , Shchadenko S.V. , Gunther V.E.
Published: September 2017

This article describes original surgical methods and the results of reconstruction of postresectional pericardium defects, diaphragm defects and chest wall defects with the use of nickel-titanium implants. The aspects of integration of developed surgical methods and methodology in the creation of implants by means of modern computer technologies during surgical planning in thoracic oncology are presented. The aspects of integration were first studied during surgical experiments on animals and then the following application in clinics. The reconstruction of pericardium defects in 17 cases, the diaphragm defects reconstruction in six cases and chest wall defects reconstruction in six cases will be presented. Satisfactory and excellent functional results were achieved following the surgeries. Respiratory function disorders and instability of the rib cage were not revealed in the late postoperative period under the dynamic control.
Use of TiNi-based Alloy Implants in Repair the Zygomatic Bone and Arch
Authors: Radkevich А.А. , Gantimurov A.A. , Platonova N.V. , Gunther V.E.
Published: September 2017

The article presents a technique of replacing total defects of zygomatic bone with implants from nickelid titanium in combination with thin-profile netlike nickelid titanium and three cases. In all the patients, a satisfactory functional and cosmetic result was achieved.
Surgical Removal of Defects in the Palate with the Use of TiNi Mesh
Authors: Shakirov M.N. , Dzhonibekova R.N. , Tazin I.D. , Gafarov X.O. , Mitasov V.Y.
Published: September 2017

Application of a thin- profiled mesh NiTi with filaments thickness of 40 micrometer sand with the cell size of 3x3-5x5 mm for patients allows to improve the quality of the surgical technique in conducting surgical procedures for eliminating different forms and sizes of the palate defects. Due to its biochemical, biophysical compatibility with the body tissues and the peculiar integration properties a connective tissue grows around and through the structure of the implant by forming a durable frame. At the same time this process takes place by type of covering the muco-periosteal cover from the wound periphery to the center of the palate, over the implant material and completes with the full elimination of the existing defect. The developed method should be considered as minimally invasive surgical techniques and is recommended as a method of choice for patients with various background diseases.
Treatment of Bilateral Damages of Temporomandibular Joints by TiNi-based Materials
Authors: Aleshkin I.G , Karnaukhov V.A , Karnaukhov A.T.
Published: September 2017

The replantation is recommended and the efficiency of it is proved by the observations of patients after surgical interventions up to 8 years. The resistant anatomic integrity of the lower jaw and of temporomandibular joints and the functional rehabilitation of patients after a trauma are reached.
Solving Post-traumatic Effects of Eye Socket Bone Structure
Authors: Sivolapov K.A. , Likhanova M.A. , Pitelgaupt J.V.
Published: September 2017

Using implants of a porous titanium nickelid at traumatic lesions of the midface allows you to restore the bone structure of the lower edge and the bottom of the eye socket, avoid or significantly reduce the number of complications such as deformation, enophthalmos.
Surgical Correction of Child Pectus Excavatum by TiNi-based Materials
Authors: Slizovskiy G.B. , Kuzhelivskiy I.I. , Kozirev A.A. , Gunther V.E. , Sitko L.A.
Published: September 2017

This article describes the serious and urgent issue of surgical treatment of congenital child pectus excavatum and the approaches in the surgical correction of this children pathology. The authors propose an original surgical treatment method in applying TiNi-based materials possessing shape memory in OP treatment of pectus excavatum. Plain integral TiNi-based plasty creates supplemental correction force due to the material isoelastic properties, providing stable fixation of corrected chest section throughout the immobilization period.
Recycling Option of the Wrong Length Copper Wire
Authors: Zagirov N.N. , Loginov Yu.N. , Ivanov E.V.
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of utilizing copper waste from drawing. The experimental testing was carried out with reference to the compacting of segments of copper wire to produce products in the form of bars. The finite element method was used to evaluate the stress-strain state when the raw material compression scheme in the container was realized. It is shown that with the tested treatment modes a high level of strength properties is achieved, but an insufficient level of plastic characteristics.
Chemical Stabilization Features Of Ladle Furnace Slag In Ferrous Metallurgy
Authors: O. Yu. Sheshukov , M.A. Mikheenkov , D.K. Egiazaryan , L.A. Ovchinnikova , D.A. Lobanov
Published: September 2017

Nowadays due to the application expansion of secondary steel processing methods, which provide high-degree metal desulfurization, a problem of the ladle furnace slag (or high-calcium refining slag) stabilization arose in the ferrous metallurgy. This slag cannot be stabilized because of its self-disintegrating properties.
Reduction Of Environmental Pressure By Giving Cementing Material Properties To The Ferrous Slags
Authors: M. A. Mikheenkov , O. Yu. Sheshukov , D. A. Lobanov
Published: September 2017

There are two main kinds of slag in modern steelmaking industry: the electric arc furnace slag (the EAF slag) which is produced in the manufacture of crude steel by the electric arc furnace process and the ladle furnace basic slag (the LF slag) which is produced at the final stages of steelmaking, when the steel is desulfurized in the transport ladle, during what is generally known as the secondary metallurgy process.
The Action Result of the Concentrated Load on the Briquettes which Obtained from the Technogenous Material
Authors: Loginov Yu.N. , Babailov N.А. , Pervukhina D.N.
Published: September 2017

In this study, the calculation results of the briquette stress state by the Finite element method are presented. The fields of compressive and tensile stresses in briquette are determined. The conditions affecting the process of the briquette destruction are considered.
Application Of Ni-Mg-Ce Master Alloy Scrap For Inoculation Of Copper-Nickel Alloys
Authors: Mysik R.K. , Brusnitsyn S.V. , Sulitsin A.V.
Published: September 2017

The problems of production of copper-nicckel alloys ingots by semicontinuous casting method are analysed. The requirement of grain size refinement in cast alloys macrostructure is shown. It is necessary to reduce the probability of hot cracks formation and increase the fabricability of cast bars during plastic working. The reasonability of fine fraction of Ni-Mg-Ce master alloy application for inoculation of copper-nickel alloys is established. The results of laboratory experiments on the study of master alloy quantity influence the structure and hardness of Cu-5Ni-1Fe, Cu-10Ni-1Fe-1Mn and Cu-30Ni-1Fe-1Mn copper-nickel alloys are presented. On the basis of industrial experiments it is revealed that inoculation of Cu-5Ni-Fe alloy ingots of diameter 200 mm by Ni-Mg-Ce master alloy leads to considerable reducing of macrograin size. It allows to improve mechanical properties of ingots and ensure their uniform distribution in cross section of ingots. It is established that  residual magnesium content in alloy must be in range from 0,02 to
0,06 wt. %. The use of  Ni-Mg-Ce master alloy makes it possible to increase the processability of copper-nickel alloys during plastic working and utilize the fine fraction master alloy scrap inevitably formed during its production.
Comprehensive Processing Technology Of Slags Of Phosphorus Industry To Produce Precipitated Silica And Rare-Earth Concentrate
Authors: Bochevskaya E.G. , Karshigina Z.B. , Abisheva Z.S. , Sargelova E.A. , Sharipova A.S.
Published: September 2017

The report presents a technological scheme of complex processing of man-made waste of phosphorus production - slag to produce highly dispersed silicon dioxide and a rare-earth metal concentrate. The technological parameters of each operation of the technology are chosen. Recovery of rare-earth metals from phosphorus slags during various operations was, %: leaching – 95.0; extraction - 90.2; stripping on the average ~ 93.2; the production of ∑ REM oxide concentrate is 93.9. The composition of some batches of "white soot" obtained during processing of the technological scheme is shown.
The Influence of Terminology on the Effective Solution of the Coal Ash Handling Problem
Authors: Putilov V.Y. , Putilova I.V. , Feuerborn H-J
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the data on a structure of conventional fuels consumption, as well as a structure of fossil fuel consumption at thermal power plants (TPPs) in Russia. The issue of applying the Best Available Technologies (BAT) in Russia is touched upon. Statistics on production and utilization of coal ash in Russia and other countries is given. The paper provides information on the status and terminology of coal ash in different countries. It contains an impact of terminology on the effectiveness of solving the coal ash handling problem in Russia. The paper includes a new legislative definition of coal ash produced at thermal power plants and boiler houses of Russia which meets modern conditions and global trends, as well as requirements for coal energy sector.
La precariedad del velo corporativo para evitar el fenómeno de fraude en las sociedades
Authors: Ardila Yopasa Carlos Fabián
Published: September 2017

Las relaciones frente al estado y las dinámicas del mercado terminan siendo las que determinan las prácticas jurídicas. De aquí que se necesite la adopción de medidas que controlen las situaciones en las cuales priman lógicas del mercado. Se requiere una legislación que le ponga un efectivo límite al neoliberalismo salvaje que ha filtrado las lógicas de las instituciones jurídicas. En consiguiente, la figura del levantamiento del velo corporativo juega como un límite a las prerrogativas provenientes de las situaciones económicas, buscando evitar el fraude propiciado por el ocultamiento de las personas tras las sociedades de capital, las restricciones a su responsabilidad, la perpetuación jurídica y legal de su impunidad, entre otros puntos. Una figura benéfica pero insuficiente, una figura que se ha entendido como una salida en parte facilista, y por tanto se necesitan de otras medidas que la complementen para tener un real potencial de protección.
La transferencia del crédito documentario y otras formas de financiación a partir de lo que pueda corresponder como producto del crédito
Authors: Salazar Libardo Quintero
Published: September 2017

Cuando en un contrato de compraventa internacional de mercancías media una forma de pago como el crédito documentario, los exportadores que carecen inicialmente de recursos económicos para producir u obtener la mercancía que luego entregarán al importador, buscan como primera posibilidad natural de financiación la transferencia del crédito documentario. Pero no siempre el crédito puede ser transferible conforme a las Reglas y Usos Uniformes para los Créditos Documentarios (RUU) –porque, por ejemplo, así no lo han querido el importador o la entidad financiera-. Ante el anterior panorama, pretendemos en este artículo dar algunas alternativas jurídicas para el exportador –que no se encuentran en las RUU-, para que utilice el dinero que le pueda corresponder como producto del crédito documentario, para financiar la producción o la adquisición de los bienes frente a otros comerciantes, para luego revenderlos al importador. Se concluye que el exportador puede lograr esa financiación inmediata -similar a la que anima la transferencia del crédito documentarioutilizando para sus relaciones con el proveedor, figuras como la cesión de un crédito futuro, la aceptación bancaria y el contrato de mandato.
Auxiliar del porteador y responsabilidad en el transporte internacional de mercancías por mar
Authors: Cervera Martín Alcestes
Published: September 2017

Actualmente el porteador necesita recurrir una variedad de auxiliares para el cumplimiento de las obligaciones contractuales que asume. Por tanto, su actuación influye de forma determinante en la ejecución de los contratos de transporte y en la responsabilidad que surge cuando se produce algún incumplimiento, en particular por daños en las mercancías. A pesar de ello, durante muchos años el auxiliar del porteador ha sido excluido del derecho uniforme sobre transporte internacional de mercancías por mar. Sin embargo, como se expone en este artículo, el legislador internacional se ha visto obligado a reconocer paulatinamente esta realidad e incluirla de alguna forma en los distintos textos internacionales.
Sistem Pengaturan Laju Aliran Air pada Plant Water Treatment Skala Rumah Tangga dengan Kontrol Fuzzy-Pid
Authors: Rohman Abdur , Negara M. Agung Prawira , Supeno Bambang
Published: September 2017

Air merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat vital bagi kehidupan manusia. Permasalahan yang timbul yaitu sering dijumpai bahwa kualitas air tanah maupun air sungai yang digunakan masyarakat kurang memenuhi syarat sebagai air minum yang sehat bahkan di beberapa tempat bahkan tidak layak untuk diminum. Untuk menanggulangi masalah tersebut, salah satu alternatif yaitu mengolah air tanah atau air sumur sehingga didapatkan air dengan kualitas yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan dengan merancang sebuah alat filtrasi air. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah alat filtrasi air skala rumah tangga dengan metode pengontrolan pada aliran air pada proses filtrasi. Metode kontrol yang digunakan yaitu fuzzy_PID. Kontrol fuzzy_PID digunakan untuk mengatur debit aliran air yang masuk kedalam filter dengan mengatur kecepatan pompa air yang dipengaruhi oleh kejernihan air hasil filtrasi. Fuzzy logic digunakan untuk menghasilkan parameter Kp, Ki, Kd pada kontrol PID dengan input berupa error dan perubahan error. Sensor yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah sensor kejernihan 1,sensor kejernihan 2 dan sensor flowmeter. Sensor kejernihan 1 digunakan untuk mendeteksi nilai kejernihan air input dan sensor kejernihan 2 digunakan untuk kejernihan air output. Kemudian sebagai pusat kendalinya yaitu arduino uno. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa kecepatan aliran air dapat mempengaruhi nilai kekejernihan air yang dihasilkan pada proses filtrasi. Ketika kejernihan air output dibawah setpoint, maka kecepatan aliran air akan diperlambat sampai kejernihan air output sama dengan setpoint. Pada percobaan setpoint 94 %, Kecepatan debit aliran air berubah dari 872 (Liter/jam) menjadi 752 (Liter/jam) pada saat terjadi perubahan kejernihan air output filtrasi dari 94 % menjadi 93%.

Kata kunci: Arduino Uno, Fuzzy_PID, Kejernihan, Sensor Flowmeter.
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Destilasi Terhadap Karakteristik Minyak Jarak Sebagai Alternatif Isolasi Cair pada Transformator Daya
Authors: Widyaningrum Kirana Sari , Setiawan Dedy Kurnia , Kaloko Bambang Sri
Published: September 2017

Minyak bumi yang semakin menipis menuntut inovasi alternatif isolasi cair, salah satunya adalah minyak jarak. Karakteristik minyak jarak mendekati karakteristik dari minyak isolasi cair transformator. Proses penyempurnaan minyak jarak sebagai alternatif minyak isolasi cair dapat dilakukan dengan metode destilasi vakum. Poin karakteristik isolasi cair yang perlu diteliti antara lain kekuatan dielektrik minyak, densitas, viskositas, dan warna. Pengujian karakteristik dilakukan pasca destilasi pada suhu 70°C-100°C dengan interval 10°C yang mengacu pada standar IEC dan ASTM. Peningkatan suhu destilasi dan suhu isolasi transformator berbanding lurus dengan nilai kekuatan dielektrik. Hasil pengujian nilai karakteristik minyak jarak meliputi kekuatan dielektrik 38,667 kV, nilai densitas 0,903 gr/cm3, skala warna 3,5.Kata Kunci: Destilasi vakum, isolasi cair transformator daya, minyak jarak, standar IEC dan ASTM.
Ekstraksi Xilan dari Limbah Ampas Singkong dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Substrat Endo-B-1,4-D-Xilanase
Authors: Firdausa Fita Kurnia , Santoso Agung Budi , Handayani Wuryanti
Published: September 2017

Ampas singkong merupakan limbah hasil pembuatan tepung tapioka. Hemiselulosa merupakan komponen kimia pada ampas singkong, komponen utama hemiselulosa adalah xilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan xilan dari ampas singkong serta pemanfaatan xilan sebagai substrat endo-B-1,4-D-xilanase. Ampas singkong yang akan diekstraksi diukur terlebih dahulu kadar HCN, lignin, dan air. Ekstraksi xilan dari ampas singketode DNS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ampas singkong yang digunakan pada penelitian ini memiliki kandungan HCN sebesar 16,10 ppm, kadar lignin sebesar 4,34% dan kadar air sebesar 7,45%. Ekstraksi xilan dengan NaOH 12% menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi yaitu 32,14% (delignifikasi) dan 52,36% (tanpa delignifikasi).Kata Kunci: Ampas singkong, xilan, delignifikasi.
Sistem Kontrol Fuzzy Logic pada Generator DC Penguatan Terpisah Berbasis Arduino UNO R3
Authors: Setiyawan Hendro Rosyidi , Hadi Widyono , Hardianto Triwahju
Published: September 2017

Generator DC merupakan perangkat listrik dinamis yang mengubah energi mekanik menjadi energi listrik, namun generator DC memiliki karakteristik saat diberi beban maka output akan mengalami drop tegangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menerapkan kontrol fuzzy logic sehingga diperoleh kestabilan output tegangan generator DC. Besarnya injeksi yang diberikan pada generator DC diatur melalui buck converter yang dikontrol dari mikrokontroler. Tahapan pembuatan program fuzzy logic yang dilakukan antara lain fuzzyfication, inference dan defuzzyfication. Pembuatan pemodelan sistem fuzzy mengubah hasil dari pemodelan sistem fuzzy yang dirancang menjadi program agar dapat di input ke arduino UNO R3. Analisa perbandingan yang dilakukan yaitu analisa drop tegangan dan over voltage pada keadaan close loop maupun open loop fuzzy logic. Selisih dari drop tegangan dan over voltage yang terjadi untuk sistem open loop jauh lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan drop tegangan dan over voltage dengan sistem close loop fuzzy logic.Kata Kunci: Arduino UNO-R3, Buck Converter, Fuzzy Logic, Generator DC.
Pontal do Paranapanema: planejamento territorial e conflitos de terras (1886-2011)
Authors: Costa Luiz Augusto Maia
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo visa investigar as possíveis relações entre planejamento territorial, ocupação territorial e conflitos de terras na região do Pontal do Paranapanema. Para isso, retoma ao ano de 1890 quando o engenheiro Theodoro Sampaio faz o que seria o primeiro plano de ocupação da área conhecido e sugere que parte destas áreas fossem “reservas para o futuro”.
La cooperativa copacabana y el barrio la asunción. de la erradicación de la villa 31 a la autoconstrucción de vivienda durante la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983)
Authors: Varela Leandro Daich
Published: September 2017

El presente artículo se centra en la organización y trabajo de la cooperativa de autoconstrucción Copacabana, creada en la Villa 31, Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983). Esta cooperativa fue la primera de un total de catorce que buscaron responder a las políticas urbanas de erradicación de las villas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Este trabajo analizará el proceso de conformación de Copacabana y la autoconstrucción de su primer barrio: La Asunción. A su vez, se buscará explorar las estrategias, ideas y conflictos que la cooperativa durante su funcionamiento. En este sentido, se presta especial atención a las transformaciones sociales y espaciales de la cooperativa y el barrio.
Los inicios de la organización política en las villas de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Camelli Eva
Published: September 2017

El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las primeras organizaciones territoriales surgidas en las villas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires a partir de la proscripción del Partido Peronista. En el análisis de las organizaciones políticas villeras resulta ineludible observar las acciones estatales dirigidas hacia estos espacios urbanos. De este modo, el artículo indaga los inicios de la organización política en las villas de Buenos Aires y su relación con los gobiernos de turno entre 1955 y 1970.
\(Q_1\)- fuzzy quasi ideals in semiring
Authors: Thirumagal M. R. , Murugadas P.
Published: September 2017

The authors in [9] introduced Q1 -fuzzy set which is a natural generalization Q-fuzzy sets studied by [5, 7, 12, 13] and studied some results related to level subsets of Q1 -fuzzy set. In this study composition of two Q1 -fuzzy sets, Q1 -fuzzy points, Q1 -fuzzy quasi (prime, semiprime, irreducible, strongly irreducible) ideals are defined and revealed some related properties of these mentioned ideals. Further Q1 -fuzzy left (right) ideals generated by fuzzy points are exhibited and some quasi-ideals in terms of idempotent Q1 -fuzzy points are found.
ISOLASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DARI KIMCHI DAN KEMAMPUANNYA MENGHASILKAN ZAT ANTI BAKTERI
Authors: Khristnaviera Benedicta Yolanda , Meitiniarti Vincentia Irene
Published: September 2017

South Korea is famous for its fermented food called Kimchi, a traditional Korean food fermented from pickled vegetables with a mixture of spicy seasoning. Kimchi is now one of functional food products because of there are lactic acid bacteria that are probiotic and can produce bacteriocin compounds. These bacteriocin compounds may inhibit or have anti-bacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of lactic acid bacteria from store-bought kimchi and homemade kimchi, to examine the antibacterial agent produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. We conducted a Disk Diffusion Method to tests the bacteriocin activity, and data were descriptively analyzed. The results showed that eight isolates of lactic acid bacteria from store-bought kimchi and homemade kimchi homemade were able to inhibit the growth of tested bacteria, S. aureus and E. coli. Isolate D1 isolated from store-bought kimchi has largest inhibitory capability against S. aureus and E. coli; it has 16.00 mm and 17.33 mm inhibitory zone, respectively. Isolate B2 isolated from homemade kimchi has the most significant inhibitory ability against S. aureus and E. coli; it has 16.67 mm and 17.67 mm inhibitory zone, respectively. The lowest ability to form clear zone was found on isolate D2 isolated from homemade kimchi. The inhibitory zone of produce by strain D2 against S. aureus and E. coli were 7.67 mm and 8.67 mm, respectively.
O desenvolvimento de competências por meio da extensão universitária: o caso da Global Jr. ESPM-SP na formação do diplomata corporativo
Authors: Coelho Diego Bonaldo , Videira Raphael Almeida
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the debate over the relevancy of university extension as a source of academic and professional skills development in undergraduate students of International Relations. For the investigation it was used a specific model of extensionist activity, the junior company, through the case study of Global Jr. from ESPM-SP. The results which were observed suggest positive impacts of the enterprise both in education and in employment of the students, corroborating with studies conducted by Terrim et al (2015) and Barbosa et al (2016).
Present Status and Re-Description of Luciobarbus barbulus Heckel 1849 a Cyprinidae Species of IRAN
Authors: Valiallahi Jalal , Coad Brian W.
Published: September 2017

Western Iran barb species are scientifically, environmentally, and economically important. Some of them are the largest riverine freshwater species, which will grow in size and weight to 170 cm, and 120 kg respectively. Although these species are vulnerable, there is little information on taxonomy or environmental status of the species Luciobarbus barbulus is one of the important large species. In order to find the new record on the present status of large barb species sampling program carried out in western Iran, during the resent year since 2013 to now. This species overlaps in distinction with L. mystaceus, L scheich, and other similar species. In this study re-description of L.barbulus is given. This species differs from L. mystaceus in having thick and very wide fleshy lip, inferior mouth and slightly shorter head. In Luciobarbus barbulus head is more inferior. The details of differences between these species are given. This species is one of stable growing fish without dimorphism, retain its shape from a fingerling species to a giant fish.
E-SERVICE QUALITY AND Eâ€“RECOVERY SERVICE QUALITY ON Eâ€“SATISFACTION LAZADA.COM
Authors: Hidayah Riski Taufik , Utami Eristy Minda
Published: September 2017

The purpose of thus research is to find the impact of e-service quality and e â€“ recovery service quality toward e-satisfaction of consumer at online marketplace Lazada. This research is triggered by the decreasing percentage of Top Brand Award on every category Lazada is in. Even though Lazada as an online service provider has done several effort to improve their service quality and respon to each complain in a well manner. The methods used in this research is descriptive and verificative. The population in this research are Lazada consumer whom conducted a complaint after they buy a product from Lazada. The sampling technique in this research is a purposive sampling, with the number of sample is 200 people. To analise the data the author used Path Analysis to understand the correlation wether it is simultaneous or partial.
Improving Biomass and Ethanol Yield by Intercropping a Winter Cereal with Corn
Authors: Jean Monica , Pennington Dennis , Quigley Michelle , Thelen Kurt
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas

Incorporation of a cover crop improved ethanol and biomass yield regardless of harvest time.

Stover‐only treatments yielded greater ethanol and biomass when harvest in the fall.

Despite differences in fermentable sugars among feedstocks, biomass yield was the strongest driver of per hectare ethanol yield.

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover is readily available and can be used as a feedstock for cellulosic ethanol. The addition of a winter annual cereal crop to the corn stover system could increase potential ethanol yield by adding harvestable biomass. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential bioethanol yield resulting from the harvest of mixed stands of corn stover interseeded with winter cereals. The winter cereal crop factor consisted of three treatments; cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.), and no winter cereal crop (control). The harvest time factor consisted of two treatments; a two‐harvest system (fall + spring), and a one‐harvest system (fall or spring). Two‐harvest feedstock ethanol content [EtOH] was the greatest (0.305 kg kg−1 and 0.307k g kg−1) followed by the spring‐harvested stover (0.201 kg kg−1). Biomass production and [EtOH] were then multiplied to calculate ethanol yields. Ethanol yield (L ha−1) decreased by 47% when stover‐only feedstock was harvested in the spring compared to the fall. When only considering a single harvest system, incorporation of a cover crop did improve ethanol yield by 242 L ha−1 at spring harvest. The two‐harvest mixed feedstock system was the most productive with 41.8% greater ethanol yield when compared to the single harvest. Overall, the mixed biomass feedstocks resulting from the incorporation of a winter annual cereal with corn stover improved biomass yield and [EtOH] relative to stover‐only feedstocks.
Foliar Application of Iron Fertilizers to Control Iron Deficiency Chlorosis of Soybean
Authors: Chatterjee A. , Lovas S. , Rasmussen H. , Goos R.J.
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas

Iron deficiency chlorosis reduces soybean yield in the Northern Great Plains.

Fe‐ortho‐ortho‐EDDHA performed better than other iron forms.

Foliar application after iron deficiency chlorosis appearance did not increase yield.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production is significantly reduced by iron (Fe) deficiency chlorosis under calcareous soils of the Northern Great Plains. On‐farm trials were conducted to evaluate the foliar applications of Fe fertilizer forms and addition of different adjuvants according to regreening of leaves and yield. Treated plots had improved visual chlorosis ratings and chlorophyll soil plant analysis development (SPAD) meter readings over the growing season than control, but differences were not significant (P < 0.05). Foliar application of Fe‐EDDHA had the most consistent increase in yield over control of the Fe chelates, but no single adjuvant performed better than the others. Future research should focus on integrating other practices like cultivar selection and high seeding rate with foliar application to control Fe deficiency chlorosis.
Occurrence of Antibiotics in an Agricultural Watershed in South‐Central Idaho
Authors: Dungan Robert S. , Snow Daniel D. , Bjorneberg David L.
Published: September 2017

The polar organic compound integrative sampler (POCIS) is a tool that has been effectively used to passively sample organic pollutants over long periods in aquatic environments. In this study, POCIS were used to investigate the spatial and temporal occurrence of 21 antibiotics in irrigation return flows and upstream sites of an intensively managed agricultural watershed in south‐central Idaho. The antibiotic metabolite, erythromycin‐H2O, and the antibiotics monensin, oxytetracycline, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and tylosin were detected at frequencies ranging from 3.1 to 62.5%, with monensin having the highest rate of detection. The fact that monensin was the most frequently detected compound indicates that it is entering return flows in runoff from fields that had received livestock manure or wastewater. Antibiotics (except oxytetracycline, sulfamethazine, and tylosin) were also detected at an upstream site that consisted of diverted Snake River water and is the source of irrigation water for the watershed. Therefore, even cropped soils that are not treated with manure are still receiving low‐level antibiotics during irrigation events. This study provides the first set of evidence that surface waters within this agricultural watershed contain antibiotic residues associated with veterinary and human uses.

Core Ideas

Passive samplers were used to sequester antibiotics in surface waters.

Eight of 21 antibiotics were detected in an intensively managed agricultural watershed.

Monensin was the most frequently detected antibiotic (62.5% of samples).

Antibiotics detected were associated with both veterinary and human uses.
Effects of Previous Wheat Straw on the Yield of Maize in the Oasis Irrigation Region
Authors: Yin Wen , Zhao Cai , Chai Qiang , Guo Yao , Feng Fuxue , Yu Aizhong
Published: September 2017

The surface mulch effects on maize (Zea mays L.) production are not well studied. Higher yield depends on coordinated development among the yield components of crops. The purpose of this study was to determine whether plastic film combined with four straw management systems (no tillage with straw standing [NTSS]; no tillage with straw covering [NTS]; tillage with straw incorporation [TIS]; and conventional tillage without straw retention [CT]) could boost grain yield of maize via increasing leaf area index and yield components. This study was conducted in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–maize rotation system from 2009 to 2012 in northwestern China. Plastic film combined with straw retention boosted grain yield by 4.5 to 17.5%, especially, NTS had the highest increasing effect, boosted grain yield by 13.7 to 17.5%, and improved harvest index by 5.4 to 8.4%, compared to CT. Plastic film combined with straw retention significantly increased yield components of maize. Among the three straw retention treatments, NTS increased the maize ear number (EN) by 18.1 to 21.0%, increased the kernel number per ear (KNE) by 63.7 to 67.8%, increased the thousand‐kernel weight (TKW) by 8.7 to 9.6%, compared to CT. Straw retention decreased the maize leaf area index (LAI) before the silking stage and increased the LAI after the silking stage, which effectively regulated the growth and development of maize at early and late stages of development, NTS had the best regulating effect. Path analysis indicated that the integrated system with plastic film combined with straw retention increased the maize grain yield by improving the KNE. We conclude that plastic film combined with previous straw covering can be an effective system for boosting crop productivity by improving the yield components and optimizing LAI dynamics under limited resources in arid environments.
Comparing Digital and Visual Evaluations for Accuracy and Precision in Estimating Tall Fescue Brown Patch Severity
Authors: Sykes Virginia R. , Horvath Brandon J. , Warnke Scott E. , Askew Shawn D. , Baudoin Anton B. , Goatley James M.
Published: September 2017

Brown patch (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn), a destructive disease of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), is typically evaluated visually. The subjectivity of visual evaluations may be reduced using technology like digital image analysis (DIA). This study compared DIA and visual evaluations for accuracy and precision of brown patch ratings of glasshouse grown tall fescue plants. Across four experiments, 112 plants were inoculated with R. solani. Disease was rated visually and using DIA‐WP (digital image analysis whole plant canopy). In two experiments, disease evaluations were replicated using three images and three visual evaluations per pot. Absolute error was calculated as the difference between actual disease severity [calculated using an individual leaf DIA method previously quantified as highly predictive of actual brown patch disease severity on tall fescue (r2 = 0.99)] and DIA‐WP and visual evaluations, respectively. Standard deviations within repeated measures were also calculated. A mixed‐model ANOVA was used to determine differences (P < 0.05) in mean absolute error and mean standard deviation by method, disease range, and method by disease range. Disease ranged from 0 to 100%. Mean absolute error did not differ between methods but did by disease range, exhibiting a bell‐shaped curve from 0% to 100% disease severity. Mean standard deviation exhibited significant method by disease range interaction. Mean standard deviation did not differ across the disease range within DIA‐WP evaluations but did across the disease range within visual evaluations. The more consistent precision of DIA across the disease range could reduce variability in brown patch evaluations of tall fescue.
SoilJ: An ImageJ Plugin for the Semiautomatic Processing of Three‐Dimensional X‐ray Images of Soils
Authors: Koestel John
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas

Three‐dimensional X‐ray imaging is a valuable tool for vadose zone research.

Quantitative 3‐D X‐ray image analyses require a large amount of time and expertise.

SoilJ is an X‐ray image processing tool for the automatized analyses of X‐ray images.

SoilJ lowers the amount of time and expertise needed to evaluate 3‐D X‐ray images.

Noninvasive three‐ and four‐dimensional X‐ray imaging approaches have proved to be valuable analysis tools for vadose zone research. One of the main bottlenecks for applying X‐ray imaging to data sets with a large number of soil samples is the relatively large amount of time and expertise needed to extract quantitative data from the respective images. SoilJ is a plugin for the free and open imaging software ImageJ that aims at automating the corresponding processing steps for cylindrical soil columns. It includes modules for automatic column outline recognition, correction of image intensity bias, image segmentation, extraction of particulate organic matter and roots, soil surface topography detection, as well as morphology and percolation analyses. In this study, the functionality and precision of some key SoilJ features were demonstrated on five different image data sets of soils. SoilJ has proved to be useful for strongly decreasing the amount of time required for image processing of large image data sets. At the same time, it allows researchers with little experience in image processing to make use of X‐ray imaging methods. The SoilJ source code is freely available and may be modified and extended at will by its users. It is intended to stimulate further community‐driven development of this software.
Formulation Design and in Vitro Evaluation of Oral Disintegrating Tablets of Selegiline
Authors: Sunand K , Sandhya V , Swapna A , Prasanth K , Vijaya A , Geetha J
Published: October 2017

In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop fast disintegrating tablets of Selegiline, were as sodium starch glycolate, cross povidone and cross carmellose sodium were employed as super disintegrating agents to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of drug molecule. Formulations were prepared by direct compression method using 6mm punch on 8 station rotary tablet punching machine. The blend of all the formulations showed good flow properties such as angle of repose, bulk density and tapped density. The prepared tablets have shown good post compression parameters and they passed all the quality control evaluation parameters as per IP limits. Among all the formulations F2 formulation showed maximum percentage drug release i.e., 97.26 % in 45 min, hence it is considered as optimized formulation. The F2 formulation contains SSG as super disintegrate in the concentration of 24mg.
The research of particle sieving under a creative mode of vibration
Authors: Li Zhanfu , Tong Xin , Qiu Yunfei
Published: October 2017

In order to improve screening performance, a creative vibrating screen with a new mode coupling of translation and swing was proposed which inspired by the manner of manual sieving. A mechanical model of the new motion was established. The discrete element method (DEM) was used to study the particulate systems with the complex particle size distribution considering interactions between particles. This paper simulated the screening process with the new compound trace to calculate screening efficiency in different vibration parameters. Vibration parameters mainly encompass swing angle, swing frequency, translation frequency, translation direction angle, and amplitude. The functional relationships between screening efficiency and vibration parameters were presented based on 3D-DEM simulations. The results show that each vibration parameter has an optimum value in simulations. The relationships and optimal parameters offer insights to vibrating screen design, manufacture and installation. Compared to single translation or swing trace, screening efficiency were improved. The laboratory-scale vibrating screen with transformation parameters was created for validating the screening principle from the simulation data.
Czy dostarczanie usług transportowych na żądanie jest formą pracy?
Authors: Aftańska Adrianna
Published: September 2017

Artykuł dotyczy nowego trendu społeczno-gospodarczego, jakim jest gospodarka współdzielenia. W pracy zawarto charakterystykę koncepcji sharing economy, której dynamiczny rozwój obserwuje się na przełomie ostatnich lat. Skoncentrowano się na cechach sharing economy w branży transportowej. Analizie poddano wpływ zjawiska na rynek pracy oraz jakość stosunku pracy na podstawie aktualnie obowiązujących rozwiązań w tym zakresie. Omówiono definicję pracownika oraz wirtualnego rynku pracy. Przeanalizowano status pracownika wykonującego usługi on demand. Do rozstrzygnięcia, czy dostarczanie usług transportowych na żądanie jest formą pracy posłużył autorce case study Uber, w szczególności orzeczenia wydane wobec kierowców aplikacji.
Problematyka wejścia kobiety pod władzę męża w formie usus.
Authors: Chmielecka Magdalena
Published: September 2017

Artykuł dotyczy problematyki wejścia kobiety pod władzę męża w formie usus, poprzez pewnego rodzaju „zaużywanie”, w Starożytnym Prawie Rzymskim. Artykuł wyjaśnia znaczenie usus jako jednego z trzech sposobów wejścia żony pod manus męża i genezę samej instytucji. Podstawowymi problemami omówionym w artykule są terminy rozpoczęcia i zakończenia biegu usus, a co za tym idzie moment wejścia żony pod manus męża. Choć małżeństwo jest stanem faktycznym, zaś manus stanem prawnym, oba terminy są zależne od daty zawarcia małżeństwa. W artykule poruszona została także kwestia przerwania biegu owego „zaużywania”, a zatem usurpatio trinoctii.
Wastewater Collection Systems
Authors: Vallabhaneni Srinivas
Published: September 2017

This chapter presents a review of the literature published in 2016 on topics relating to wastewater collection systems. It presents noteworthy advances in research and industry experiences selected from major literature sources. This review is divided into the following sections: sewer system planning; sewer asset management/ condition assessment/ rehabilitation; pump stations/force mains/ system design; operations/maintenance/optimization; and regulatory issues/ integrated planning.
Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Castillo‐Valenzuela Jairo , Martinez‐Guerra Edith , Gude Veera Gnaneswar
Published: September 2017

This article provides an update on the wastewater treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components to remove various pollutants. The focus is on the wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or a decentralized system), and nutrient and pollutant removal (heavy and hazardous metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical and personal care products and endocrine disrupting chemicals). A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and operation, modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment, sludge treatment, landfill leachate treatment, and pathogen removal is also included.
Disinfection Processes
Authors: Kuo Jeff
Published: September 2017

A review of the literature published in 2016 on topics relating to disinfection processes is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: disinfection methods, disinfection byproducts (DBPs), and microbiology and microbial communities.
Gaseous Emissions from Wastewater Facilities
Authors: Koh Sock‐Hoon , Shaw Andrew R.
Published: September 2017

A review of the literature published in 2016 on topics relating to gaseous emissions from wastewater facilities is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: odorant emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from WWTPs; gaseous emissions from wastewater collection systems; physiochemical odor/emissions control methods; biological odor/emissions control methods; odor characterization/monitoring; and odor impacts/ risk assessments.
Radioactive Wastes
Authors: Choudri B.S. , Charabi Yassine , Baawain Mahad , Ahmed Mushtaque
Published: September 2017

Papers reviewed herein present a general overview of radioactive waste related activities around the world in 2016. The current reveiw include studies related to safety assessments, decommission and decontamination of nuclear facilities, fusion facilities, transportation. Further, the review highlights on management solutions for the final disposal of low and high level radioactive wastes (LLW and HLW), interim storage and final disposal options for spent fuel (SF), and tritiated wastes, with a focus on environmental impacts due to the mobility of radionuclides in ecosystem, water and soil alongwith other progress made in the management of radioactive wastes.