bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sacred Space in Torah
Authors: Constantin Ionuț
Published: June 2023

Sacredness is the fundamental characteristic characterizing the Old Testament. Its foundations are found in the Old Testament, especially in the book of Leviticus. The people and anything else encountering YHWH had to be sanctified, otherwise it would bear the consequences.
Le caractère et l'histoire du traité gallénique De dignotione ex insomniis
Authors: Mecu Mijomir
Published: June 2023

This study presents the arguments advanced by various philologists regarding the nature and history of the galenic treatise De dignotione ex insomniis and discusses the proofs from a (philo)logical point of view.
Haec est illa latii veteris aetas aurea. Interpretations of the Past in Symmachus' Discourses
Authors: Ivașcu George
Published: June 2023

In Symmachus Discourses (Orationes I-IV) we find a wide variety of references to the Roman political and military past, particularly in the Republican period. Generally, the Ancients get a negative assessment on his part, since their knowledge in terms of political, military and even geographical matters from the imperial expansion perspective are deemed to be lower to the knowledge held at present (the rhetorical topos of happiness in emperors’ time). We shall therefore review this specific interpretation of the past as given by the orator within the broader encomiastic context that the latter is inserted in. Starting from the records found in his correspondence (Epistulae) we shall also consider the overall picture of the past, mainly assessed particularly from a moral and cultural perspective. Finally, this choice can be explained by the role played by the senatorial elite in the 4th century. Lacking the authority, it traditionally exercised while leading the Empire, showing consistency in exercising loyalty to its sovereigns and the relevant political party the latter were already represented for ages, the elite was making its standing legitimate by its ancient cultural and moral ideals (mores maiorum) which it was still cultivating a discursive level.
Water. Instrument and Judge of the Mesopotamian Witch
Authors: Popa Elena Isabela
Published: June 2023

This article is a selective review of the roles that water played in the Mesopotamian imaginary. It is not only a natural resource that sustains the people’s daily existence, but it is also the embodiment of a plethora of terrifying forces that could both help and harm the humans. Sometimes water could act as a tool in the hands of malevolent individuals, such as the witch and warlock, whose main purpose is to bring misfortune to their peers, but the same element is considered to hold supernatural powers and could impersonate human roles such as the ones of judge and sometimes executioner of those who use it with evil intentions.
Galen and his Legacy concerning Humoral Theory and Diet: De subtiliante dieta
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Doțe Gabriela-Florentina , Georgescu Agatha-Cristiana
Published: June 2023

Through this paper, we want to analyze the evolution of Ancient Hippocratic philosophy regarding the humoral theory (the medical concept humorism or humoralism) synthesized by Galen and spread through space and time because of his writings. Starting from Galen's work, De Subtiliante Diaeta, we will try to see how the diet, especially one rich in liquids, modifies the ratio between the four constituent elements of the organism and therefore influences the individual`s relationship with their water and food supply needed for proper bodily functions.In drawing up this analysis we will pursue both a historiographical approach, regarding Galen's theory, as well as a systematic approach to the primary source. The relationship a man has with the water he drinks or extracts from the consumed food is approached by all written cultures, from the beginning of history to the present day, water being the main necessary element of survival. As many of the Ancient, Medieval and Pre-Modern conceptions have their root in the humoral theories of Hippocrates and Galen, the issue becomes even more relevant as drinking water was not easily accessible (compared to the Contemporary period in developed countries), and water-rich foods provided a great supply of liquids.
The Tectonic Influence over the Greek Cities from Western Anatolia during the Antiquity – a Shore Dynamics Story
Authors: Butiseacă Adriana-Geanina , Preda Ana-Maria
Published: June 2023

During the antiquity the Aegean west coast played a crucial role in the life of the Greek colonies in the area. Here were founded legendary cities like Miletus, Priene, Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Adramyttium or Troy. All these “new world” cities were different in many aspects from the origin of their inhabitants to the products they commercialized, but they had one big thing in common-water. During their prosperity apex these cities had either sea exit or river access but in the present day we found their ruins strained on land. These dramatic changes were caused by the vertical and lateral displacement of the numerous faults in the area. Anatolia is one of the most active tectonic areas on Earth which gives it a high mobility in terms of water bodies and shore line configuration. In order to calculate how much the shore line migrated since then, we have compiled GIS data, geological maps, archaeological reports, urban plans and ancient sources. We have seen that the shore withdrawn between several hundred meters (most common) to almost 30 km (in the Meander river delta) while the vertical displacement varies between several centimeters to several meters. The tectonic movements are neither uniform nor continuous and the tension released on faults through earthquakes can cause sudden topographical changes and physical damages of the urban areas. These events happened often in the past and continue to happen nowadays influencing the modern cities.
RIPPING OPEN ARAB WOMEN IN RELIEF BM 124927 FROM ASHURBANIPAL’S NORTHERN PALACE. BUT WHY ARAB WOMEN? A FEMINIST READING ON VIOLENCE AND OTHERNESS
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Popa Elena Isabela
Published: June 2023

Neo-Assyrian reliefs are known to depict various types of violent acts performed by the conquerors against their defeated enemies. The visual material speaks volumes about Assyrian state ideology, and about how the Assyrian elite viewed their adversaries. The latter should be submitted to all kinds of atrocities to emphasize the king’s glory and the greatness of the god Assur. The reliefs usually depict gruesome scenes, but the vast majority of those who suffer such a fate consists of enemy soldiers and leaders, and are almost exclusively men. In Neo-Assyrian war reliefs, women are seldom represented and they are not shown as victims of the atrocious conduct of the conquering armies. Nonetheless, there is a striking representation of violence against women depicted in the so-called relief BM 124927 from Ashurbanipal’s Northern Palace, hosted nowadays by the British Museum. Even though the ripping of enemy pregnant women seems to be a topos in the Hebrew Bible, it is rarely encountered in the Mesopotamian area which makes this relief even more interesting. In this article, I will try to discuss why such an atrocity was committed against the Arab women, what makes them different, and why they are the only female victims of the Assyrian rampage depicted in the visual sources.
THREE NEW INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE ACROPOLĂ CENTRU-SUD SECTOR IN ISTROS
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Lițu Alexandra , Bottez Valentin-Victor ,   University of Bucharest
Published: June 2023

The present article presents three inscriptions discovered during excavations undertaken by the team from the University of Bucharest in Istros (Istria, Constanța County, Romania), in the Acropolă Centru-Sud (Acropolis Centre-South) Sector, since 2013. All three were found in a secondary position (fig. 2) and are very badly preserved or highly fragmentary. From the first (no. 1, fig. 3, dated to the 3rd c. BC) only the popular name Dionysios and probably letters from a patronym are preserved; the second (no. 2, fig. 4, late Hellenistic-early Roman) has preserved four letters of another popular name in Istros, Artemidoros, while from the third (no. 3, fig. 6, 3rd-1st c. BC) only the letters TPI are left, from the dative singular in the 3rd declension of the name of a deity – the Mother of Gods of, more likely, Demeter.
Quelques observations sur l’historiographie roumaine du christianisme ponto-danubien dans les IVe-VIe siècles
Authors:   University Alexandru Ioan Cuza Iași, Zugravu Nelu
Published: June 2023

The article deals with some issues addressed by the very recent Romanian historiography of Christianity in the ancient space of Romania. The innovative interpretive aspects brought by some researchers and the exceptional role of archaeological research in the study of the history of Pontic-Danubian Christianity in the first millenni-um are highlighted. At the same time, there are some debatable approaches and interpretations, even exagger-ated or erroneous, based only on archaeological discoveries interpreted without any literary and doctrinal sup-port (the antiquity of Christianity in certain areas of ancient Romanian space, the Christian character of some objects, the relationship between Gnosticism and Christianity, etc.), but also some outstanding issues (the rela-tionship between Christianity and ethnogenesis) or still not properly addressed (Christian prosopography, a serious, scientific synthesis of the history of Christianity in the Pontic-Danubian space in the first millennium).
Early Byzantine stemmed Goblets from the Centre-North Sector in Histria (Romania)
Authors:   ICEM Tulcea, Paraschiv Aurelia , Țârlea Alexandra ,   University of Bucharest
Published: June 2023

The excavations conducted starting with 2010 in the Centre-North Sector from Histria/Istros (Romania) brought to light, among other finds, a series of glass fragments, the most numerous belonging to window panes and goblets. The last mentioned group of finds can be attributed to Isings form 111, stemmed goblets with folded base. This paper is part of a series of publications focused on the publication of the items belonging to this widespread type of vessel of the Late Roman/Early Byzantine period (5th-7th centuries AD), found on the Centre-North Sector.
Is the Universe spherical or rectangular? Cosmas Indicopleustes and his cosmographical interpretation
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Pop Mihaela
Published: June 2023

This paper aims at unveiling why and how was possible, during the 6th century AD that the Greek ancient spherical vision of the universe could have been replaced for a while by a cubic/rectangular vision. We will refer to Cosmas Indicopleustes’ work Christian Topography which was written by 550-552 AD. Our paper has two parts: a first one shortly refers to the spherical form of the universe theorized by the ancient Greek philosophers and a second part, more extended, is centred on Cosmas’ theory of the rectangular/cubic form of the universe. Cosmas Indicopleustes’ work is Christian Topography and it was written by 550-552 AD.
Hubungan Lingkungan Pertemanan dengan Motivasi belajar Mahasiswa kelas 2021 B universitas Riau
Authors: SISILIAUDRA TIARA ANDINIE PARAMITHA
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi hubungan antara lingkungan pertemanan dengan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional.. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa aktif kelas 2021 B Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang berjumlah 38 orang.pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Teknik Simple random sampling yaitu sampel dipilih secara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata atau kriteria tertentu. dengan partisipan yang diambil berjumlah 25 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini telah diuji terhadap reliabilitas dan validitasnya, dan menunjukkan bahwa instrumen tersebut dapat diandalkan.analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji linearitas, dan uji korelasi product moment dengan tingkat kepercayaan 0,95. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada uji normalitas nilai residual berdistribusi secara normal. Pada uji linearitas hubungan antara kedua variabel terbukti linear dengan hasil deviasi sebesar 0,75. Pada uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara lingkungan pertemanan dengan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Semakin rendah lingkungan pertemanan seseorang, semakin rendah pula motivasi belajarnya. Kata kunci: Hubungan, lingkungan pertemanan, motivasi belajar, uji normalitas,uji linearitas,uji korelasi.
Addressing anti-vaccine sentiment on public social media forums through online conversations based in Motivational Interviewing techniques
Authors: Scales David , Hurth Lindsay , Xi Wenna , Radhakrishnan Malavika , Windham Savannah , Akunne Azubuike , Florman Julia , Leininger Lindsey J , Gorman Jack
Published: June 2023

Research has shown that health misinformation in online social media spaces has real, negative health consequences. Despite a proliferation of research evaluating individual intervention tactics, usually in controlled experimental environments, there remains a dearth of field research testing interventions to address health misinformation in real-time, online, in situ on social media platforms. Here we describe the results of a pilot program of infodemiologists trained to intervene on anti-vaccine sentiment in Facebook comments sections of news article postings using various evidence-informed intervention techniques. Benchmarking our interventions to matched comments, we found that empathy-first communication strategies garner less engagement (defined as comments + emoji reactions) relative to matched controls. This work reinforces research on accuracy nudges and cyberbullying interventions that also reduce engagement. In addition to more research leveraging real-time interventions in real-world social media settings, more data transparency by technology platforms will be essential to finding effective counterspeech remedies to the problem of medical misinformation in digital environments.
Petrophysical Calculation Analysis and Determination of Cut-Off in Betung Field, Jambi-Sub-Basin, South-Sumatera-Basin
Authors: Irmaya Aisyah Indah , Ma'arif Syamsul
Published: June 2023

Petrophysical properties provide a comprehensive approach to reservoir characterization, in which reservoir quality is of paramount importance. The main controllers for reservoir quality are porosity, permeability and clay content. Petrophysical models are used by utilizing the correlation between tool response (logging) and rock and fluid properties. These petrophysical results will be cut-off to distinguish productive and unproductive parts of a reservoir. Petrophysical and cut-off calculations in the Betung Field are applied to determine the quality and productive zone of the Air Benakat Formation reservoir. The direction of field development (infill wells) is based on the quality of the reservoir and productive zone obtained based on the results of petrophysical and cut-off calculations. This research was conducted in Layer 5 (L-5) of the Betung Field using the main data, namely well logs (Gamma ray, density, neutron, resistivity). Well logs were processed to obtain petrophysical values using Interactive Petrophysic and Microsoft Excel software. Petrophysical results were then cut-off on clay content, porosity and water saturation, so that a productive zone was obtained from the Betung L-5 field. Petrophysical and cut-off results show L-5 is a Hydrocarbon prospect zone with an average petrophysic value for well 210 (Vclay: 32%, porosity: 25% and water saturation: 65%); well 220 (Vclay: 35%, porosity: 30% and water saturation: 38%); well 222 (Vclay: 8.2%, porosity: 31% and water saturation: 28%). The resulting cut-off values for well 210 (Vclay: 42.6%, porosity: 17% and water saturation: 98%); well 220 (Vclay: 26.6%, porosity: 22.4% and water saturation: 50.3%); well 222 (Vclay: 18%, porosity: 17% and water saturation: 70.4%).
Tooth in the Spotlight: Exploring the Integration of Archaeological and Genetic Data to build Multidisciplinary Narratives of the Past
Authors: d'Errico Francesco
Published: June 2023

An international team of researchers question the results that led to the recent publication in the journal Nature of an article on the extraction of human DNA from a perforated deer tooth discovered in Denisova cave (Siberia). While praising the technical achievement of the palaeogeneticists who succeeded in this extraction, the researchers identify major inconsistencies in the dating of the archaeological layers and the object of adornment. They also show that an in-depth analysis of the perforated tooth, the data available on faunal remains discovered at the site, and what we know about Palaeolithic adornments could have led to a different and more problematized interpretation of the genetic data. They draw lessons from this critique on how to conduct a constructive dialogue between archaeologists and geneticists in order to propose unified narratives of the human past.
The Empowerment the producers of crispy oil palm mushrooms through a training on processing the home-based industry of food production permit and digital bookkeeping
Authors: Indrawati Henny , Caska Caska , Setiaries Vonny , Gimin Gimin
Published: June 2023

Crispy oil palm mushroom is made of oil palm mushroom and has been produced by producers for approximately ten years. Unfortunately, this home-based business of mushrooms has not yet secured a permit from authorities, and the producers have not regularly recorded the sales. Therefore, this community program aims to empower the producers of crispy oil palm mushrooms by providing training and mentoring on the process of obtaining a home-based industry of food production permit and digital bookkeeping. The program's success was measured by the results of the assessment in a questionnaire, by identifying the participants' motivation to process the permit and by implementing digital bookkeeping. The program successfully enhanced the producers’ knowledge and understanding of the home-based industry of food production permits and digital bookkeeping. The producers have obtained the business permit number 2041405010034-27, and they have also implemented digital bookkeeping to record sales.
Green fashion concept approach to MSMEs’ sustainable green development
Authors: Hamdan Hamdan , Imaningsih Erna Sofriana , Ali Hazi , Raharja Indra , Ilhamalimy Ridho Rafqi
Published: June 2023

Green fashion telah menjadi tren dan perhatian penting dalam konsep keberlanjutan. Green fashion adalah seni komprehensif multidisiplin dalam mendorong perkembangan pesat keterampilan UMKM fashion yang ramah lingkungan. Konsep green fashion bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan dan menggunakan bahan tidak habis pakai atau limbah, serta bahan-bahan alami menjadi pakaian yang memiliki nilai dan manfaat lebih sebagai orientasi keberlanjutan. Hal paling penting dalam konsep green fashion adalah pengenalan dini terhadap pakaian yang ramah lingkungan dipastikan akan memberikan perubahan signifikan pada UMKM fashion, melalui desain seni, mode etis, dan estetika. Telah lama diakui bahwa konsep green fashion dibangun melalui tiga unsur, yaitu: reduce, reuse, dan recycle yang berlandaskan teori Triple Bottom Line adalah sebuah solusi efektif dan efisien sebagai implementasi dalam mencapai kemakmuran dan keberlanjutan setiap elemen bangsa.
Sistem penjemputan sampah untuk pengelolaan sampah terpadu di Komunitas Muda Berseri
Authors: Pangarso Astadi , Wijayangka Candra , Hasanah Yulia Nur , Telnoni Patrick Adolf , Dillak Rixard George , Riandi Roni , Syabani Azhar Humaira
Published: June 2023

The garbage pick-up system is a system that is used to collect waste from homes, offices or other places that are commonly carried out by the local government or private companies that have obtained permission to manage waste in an area. Rancatungku Village has a Young Berseri Community that manages the garbage pickup system, but the community still feels that the system is not effective and efficient. Pick-up schedules that are not on schedule and irregular as well as pick-ups that have to be done several times are problems that are often experienced by the community, so it is necessary to improve the appropriate garbage pickup system. The purpose of this community service activity is to create an on-demand garbage pickup system to reduce waste accumulation. The method used in this community service activity is to analyze the wants and needs of the community, build a garbage pickup system using a platform, conduct outreach and provide assistance using the garbage pickup platform. This community service activity involves academics, the Berseri Young Community, and the people of Rancatungku Village. The success of this activity resulted in the creation of a garbage pickup system on the website https://mudaberseri.com/ and the results of participant assessments via an online form which showed that the Muda Berseri Community and the community had had enough of the new garbage pickup system.
Disaster Resilient Cities in Nepal: Disaster Management Efforts of Biratnagar Metropolitan City
Authors: Upadhyay Chandra
Published: June 2023

Disaster resilient, safe, inclusive and sustainable space is required for all. But Nepal is facing challenges due to inadequate disaster response. The primary objective of this study is to assess the local government’s preparedness and efforts in management of human shelters and public occupancy, in addition to prompt response, rescue and rehabilitation mechanisms as well as supply management to any disaster affected population in the city. Taking Biratnagar Metropolitan City of Koshi Province as a case, this study answers the question of what disaster challenges exist in the city and how the local government responded to those situations and why the responses were not adequate. The present research uses both primary and secondary data to make an assessment of the status, preparedness, actions and challenges of the city governance of Biratnagar Metropolitan City in management of disaster safety and people’s awareness building on safe city issues which significantly aids in bringing disaster management in the city. The findings indicate that the emphasis on early preparedness and sustainable initiatives on disaster management remained in the marginal reference of the local level disaster planning. The local government’s focus is found generally active in rescue and relief during disasters when a paradigm shift through early preparedness has become a core area of concern in disaster management for a sustainable development globally. This paper is believed to draw attention of the policy makers at the local level and lead the discourse further for the academicians.
Perceived Learning Environment: A Case of BBA Program at Dhankuta Multiple Campus
Authors: Parajuli Kewal Ram , Pradhan Khagendra , Kafle Deepsikha
Published: June 2023

Reinvigorating institutions and students in today's competitive global academic and industrial marketplace requires an assessment of the perceived learning environment. Students' academic performance, engagement and success is determined by students' perceived learning environment and academic management from an organization. Descriptive research design is used for the cross-sectional survey study and FGD was organized  to assess the perceived learning environment and to compare by gender from students of Dhankuta Multiple Campus, Dhankuta, Nepal. Out of a total of 67 students of the BBA program 35 students have responded through Google from (DREEM Inventory) shared by researchers and 9 students were taken for FGD to find out their perceived environment and learning experiences in the existing environment. It is found that perception on the many aspects among 50 items on the existing environment are more positive than negative. Many aspects of campus learning environment needs to improve. There are  insufficient physical facilities at classroom buildings and at hostel as students' need and expectation.
Constructivist Approach to Learning: An Analysis of Pedagogical Models of Social Constructivist Learning Theory
Authors: Mishra Nirmal Raj
Published: June 2023

The social constructivist approach is one of the dominant perspective that flourished the learner centered pedagogical model in education.  This model of learning aims to imply the learners' autonomy and flexibility in instructional setting.  This social constructivist highlights the learners' autonomy, reflective thinking, problem solving, collaborative learning, scaffolding as well as discussion and debates as the major learning principles in education. In the teaching learning discourse, the social constructivist learning model established the critical, problem solving and collaborative learning strategies to enhance the meaningful leaning achievement. And, the intra and interpersonal level of interaction play the crucial role in promoting the meaningful learning for tutoring process. This theory claims that the sign (language), ZPD, MKO and scaffolding are the key variables for the constructivist pedagogical model of learning. In this process, students are in the central place where they play the role of active thinker, co-constructor and active participant in learning process. Another side, teachers are only as the facilitator, guide, and stimulators within the whole instructional process in education.
Local self-governments and SDG-16
Authors: Ankit
Published: June 2023

This paper makes a case for Gram Panchayats (or local self-governments) in rural Haryana to prevent violence and abuse against women in cross-regional marriages, and to promote inclusiveness. By using the notion of decentralization as the framework, the results of this research are based on a qualitative fieldwork conducted over two months in the Mahendragarh district, which included visits to seven villages, and interviews with women and village leaders. This paper attempts to answer the following research question: In what ways can strong local self-governments improve the social conditions for women and their children in cross-regional marriages in rural Haryana? Gram Panchayats are tasked with implementing Goal 16 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which calls for developing inclusive and peaceful communities, ensuring that everyone has access to justice, and creating effective, inclusive institutions at all levels. The findings reveal that women, particularly those in cross-region marriages, are excluded from participating in Gram Panchayats, which have the potential to be the go-to institution for women in need of help. Women’s participation at all levels will increase the transparency and accountability of Gram Panchayats.
Present-day Crustal Deformation in West Sumatra After Series of Sumatran Great Earthquake from 2004-2010
Authors: Alif Satrio Muhammad , Siagian Jenny Melynda , Anggara Ongky
Published: June 2023

Present-day crustal deformation was an attempt to estimate earthquake potential, yet the presence of postseismic deformation should be carefully identified. Studying crustal deformation in West Sumatra has been important for this purpose since the series of Sumatran Great Earthquake from 2004-2010. This study utilized present-day GNSS data (2017-2021) and pre-2004 GNSS velocities to understand the present-day crustal deformation. Bernese 5.2 was used to process the GNSS data and linear regression was used to calculate present-day velocities. These velocities were transformed into an ITRF2000-based Sundaland plate reference frame and then the velocities were compared to pre-2004 velocities in the same reference frame. The present-day velocities were ranging from 28.4 mm/yr to 58.3 mm/yr in ITRF2014 and from 8.8 to 44.8 mm/yr in the Sundaland plate reference frame. This suggests West Sumatra was located on the Sumatra block of the Sundaland plate. The low velocity difference ( 11.7 mm/yr) with the random vector direction between present-day velocities and pre-2004 velocities shows that there is no postseismic deformation affecting West Sumatra. This proposes the utilization of present-day velocities for earthquake potential estimation in West Sumatra.
Differences in the Quality of Bottom Ash and Fly Ash for the Cement Industry as an Alternative Fuel (AF)
Authors: Setiaji Nurul Faizah , Sarwono Ariyanti , Suryawan I Wayan Koko
Published: June 2023

Cement is a prominent Indonesian industry. Industrial fuel needs are growing. In Indonesia, biomass is an essential natural resource with a variety of primary products such as fiber, wood, oil, food, and others that are utilized domestically and exported to generate foreign cash. This study compares fly ash and bottom ash as alternative fuel feedstock materials from the cement industry. This study uses cement industry data from East Java. As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, TI, Sb, Co, Ni, Cu, V, Zn, Se, and Sn for bottom ash and fly ash quality data are employed. The investigation followed a paired t-test to compare ash types based on metal characteristics, then an ANOVA post-test to establish the significance of bottom ash and fly ash values. The paired t-test on two types of ash showed a 0.103 difference. ANOVA shows that ash kinds differ significantly. Bottom ash and fly ash have different qualities. Hence their management requires various approaches. This treatment utilizes bottom ash. For fly ash, the quality-related parameters must be lowered.
Identificación de los caminos de la transición agroecológica a partir del Enfoque Global de Explotación Agropecuaria
Authors: Ferreira Rivaben Inés , Rossi Virginia , Figari Mercedes , Chia Eduardo
Published: June 2023

La agroecología representa una de las principales alternativas a modos de producción generados por la revolución verde, tanto en Uruguay como en otros países. Aparece como una respuesta al cambio climático, a la gestión de la biodiversidad y a la restauración de los recursos naturales; y más recientemente como respuesta a la crisis de la pandemia COVID-19. En Uruguay la agroecología, a pesar de que existe una Ley de Plan Nacional para el Fomento de la Producción con Bases Agroecológicas desde 2018, es marginal y la investigación sobre procesos de transición agroecológica es muy incipiente. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar prácticas agroecológicas y posibles caminos de transición hacia la agroecología de los ganaderos familiares del norte uruguayo utilizando una metodología que se centra en el estudio de las prácticas técnicas, sociales y organizativas, lo cual permite acceder al esquema de funcionamiento y comprender los procesos de toma de decisiones en los sistemas de producción de tipo familiar. Las prácticas socio-productivas evidenciadas en la investigación permitieron elaborar una tipología que representa posibles caminos por los cuales estos ganaderos transitan hacia una producción y gestión agroecológica de las explotaciones. Los resultados de este estudio pueden ser utilizados para fortalecer procesos de concepción o de co-concepción, a través de la selección y difusión de innovaciones con acciones y políticas públicas más cercanas a los productores.
La gitanilla
Authors: Avalle-Arce Juan Bautista
Published: June 2023

La gitanilla is the first of the twelve Novelas ejemplares. This article fathoms some of the reasons that might have decided Cervantes to give it the place of honor in such an extraordinary collection of short stories.
La dimensión autobiográfica del Viaje del Parnaso
Authors: Canavaggio Jean
Published: June 2023

The most recent studies of the Viaje del Parnaso (E. L. Rivers, V. Gaos) emphasize that it is “the most autobiographical work” of all of Cervantes' production. This essay attempts to show the function of the autobiographical elements in the work. Although our interest in the autobiographical dimension of the Viaje is in part a product of a mode of reading, characteristic of our time, which tends to attribute a dominant function to one particular feature of the work, this aspect cannot be separated from the author-narrator relationship. Cervantes has altered the code of emission of the poem, that of the burlesque trip, by means of a captious use of its conventions, providing for the encounter between this code and our code of reception for the first person narrative.
Cide Hamete Benengeli vs. Miguel de Cervantes: The Metafictional Dialectic of Don Quijote
Authors: Mancing Howard
Published: June 2023

La estructura narrativa del Quijote se desarrolla en tres niveles: el manuscrito árabe de Cide Hamete Benengeli, la traducción al español del morisco, y la edición de Miguel de Cervantes. En la primera parte no hay más que algunas reservas con respecto a esta estructura. Pero en la segunda parte Cide Hamete parece no notar los cambios que caracterizan a sus personajes y, al mismo tiempo, interrumpe con más frecuencia la narración para ofrecer sus comentarios, que muchas veces son exageraciones o mentiras. El editor, Cervantes mismo, suele poner en duda y hasta burlarse del historiador de una manera bastante sutil. El efecto de esta dialéctica entre autor y editor es establecer a Cide Hamete como el personaje más consistentemente cómico de la segunda parte para mantener el humorismo de una obra cuyo protagonista se hace cada vez más serio y patético.
The “Other” Woman in Cervantes’s Persiles and Zayas’s Novelas
Authors: Boyer H. Patsy
Published: June 2023

El episodio del “portugués enamorado” Sousa Coutiño del Persiles y el argumento del marco de las dos colecciones de novelas de Zayas tienen el mismo desenlace: en el instante de desposarse, la novia inesperadamente se niega a casarse, prefiriendo entrar al convento. Un análisis de la caracterización de los personajes femeninos, Leonora y Lisis, demuestra como la obra de Zayas representa una re-visión feminista/feminizante de las convenciones masculinas del Siglo de Oro (como las del Persiles) que exigen la subordinación del personaje femenino al control patriarcal.
Rosamunda: A Cervantine Mingling of History and Fiction in Persiles
Authors: Lucas Karen
Published: June 2023

Este estudio examina la representación innovadora que hace Cervantes en el Persiles de la historia de la figura legendaria de Rosamunda Clifford, la amante del rey Enrique II de Inglaterra. Los aspectos principales de la versión cervantina incluyen la colocación anacrónica de Rosamunda en el siglo XVI, el enfoque en su exilio y su castigo, la invención de una escena de tentación, la presentación de su muerte como suicidio, el fuerte contraste que se establece entre la cortesana y Transila, y la asociación de Rosamunda con Clodio, el poeta calumnioso. En vez de presentarnos con una victima trágica, como en las versiones más tradicionales, Cervantes crea a una figura negativa que sirve básicamente una función alegórica. Al considerar esta manera en que el autor se desvía radicalmente de la leyenda de la famosa cortesana, podemos entender y apreciar mejor la dimensión ejemplar de su obra final.
“The Pastoral Episode in Cervantes’ Don Quijote: Marcela Once Again”
Authors: Jehenson Yvonne
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo se propone una nueva manera de ver el episodio pastoril de Marcela y Grisóstomo. Utilizando la metodología del feminismo francés y anglo-americano, se procura un nuevo análisis de las relaciones sociales en el episodio. La investigación procede de tres premisas feministas:

1. que el episodio refleja y transmite un conocimiento subversivo de las relaciones entre los sexos y entre las clases sociales del medio en el cual se ha producido la obra cervantina;

2. que Marcela, por ser marginada —pues no es aristócrata y es huérfana— aporta una perspectiva diferente sobre la cuestión de clase social y de las relaciones “apropiadas” entre hombre y mujer en su época;

3. que es posible que las ambigüedades que se encuentran en el episodio tengan su origen en el conflicto que el autor siente frente a valores de su sociedad que no comparte y con las cuales no está de acuerdo.
Narrative Levels and the Fictionality of Don Quijote, I: Cardenio’s Story
Authors: Oriel Charles
Published: June 2023

Muchos críticos han comentado sobre la función estética de los varios narradores en Don Quijote. En su reciente estudio, James A Parr trata de nuevo esta cuestión, utilizando un concepto derivado de la narratología estructural de Gérard Genette: los ‘niveles’ narrativos. Este concepto ciertamente sirve para clarificar varios elementos del Quijote, entre ellos, la representación de Cardenio como personaje y como narrador. El concepto de niveles también ayuda a clarificar ciertos problemas teóricos, como la unidad artística y la relación problemática entre la ficción y la historia. Demuestra, finalmente, cómo la representación textual de Cardenio —de naturaleza fragmentada y discontinua— ejemplifica la ficcionalidad ‘perspectivista’ que es uno de los aspectos más esenciales del Quijote.
Sancho y la duquesa: una nota socioliteraria
Authors: Rivers Elias L.
Published: June 2023

Underlying Cervantes’ comic novel we find serious observations about Spanish society, as for example in the dialogues between Sancho Panza, now self-consciously competing with Don Quixote as the protagonist, and the anonymous Duchess, an involved reader who particularly appreciates Sancho. Flattered by her special attention, Sancho rises to the occasion of a private interview which, though completely unrealistic in terms of actual social practice, is made possible by the utopian literary space of the novel, in which readers can make personal contact with members of different classes. But Sancho is in a double bind: he must defer to the authority of the Duchess, even when it goes against his own interests and convictions, as in the case of her assertion that Dulcinea is really enchanted. His response to this assertion is complexly ambiguous, straining the close reader's comprehension.
Don Quijote Through The Looking-Glass
Authors: Dunn Peter N.
Published: June 2023

La Alicia de Lewis Carroll, al otro lado del espejo, ofrece una analogía al Don Quijote desorientado en un mundo que no obedece a las leyes del universo caballeresco. A diferencia de la tierra extraña de Alicia, el enrevesado mundo que se opone al hidalgo es el mundo llamado normal. Esta paradoja sirve de punto de partida para mis ‘reflexiones’ sobre la teoría de la parodia en una narración que está estructurada a base de espejos: reflejos, simetrías, equilibrios, reduplicaciones y, finalmente, espejismos de los que nadie se escapa.
The Reluctant Companion of Empire: Petrarch and Dulcinea in Don Quijote de la Mancha
Authors: Rabin Lisa
Published: June 2023

Se describe a Dulcinea como un blasón petrarquista, o el retrato de la mujer como una serie de partes. La fantasía épica de don Quijote depende de este blasón: cuando encuentra el caballero con la campesina en la Segunda Parte, es el comienzo del fin de su mujer ideal tanto como de sus aventuras. El uso del blasón en Don Quijote revela los vínculos entre el petrarquismo y el imperialismo en el Siglo de Oro. La escena de la Dulcinea “encantada” es una profunda reflexión sobre los límites del petrarquismo en la imaginación de los poetas y aventureros.
La formación de personajes en tres novelas ejemplares: El licenciado Vidriera, El celoso extremeño y La fuerza de la sangre
Authors: Encinar María Ángeles
Published: June 2023

This essay analyzes the structuring and delineation of characters in three of Cervantes’ Novelas ejemplares. Drawing on the work of Carlos Castilla del Pino, René Girard, Erving Goffman, and D. A. Gonthier, the author focuses on the importance of the relationship between the individual and society in the fabrication of these characters.
Cervantes, autor de la Topografía e historia general de Argel publicada por Diego de Haedo
Authors: Eisenberg Daniel
Published: June 2023

The Topografía e historia general de Argel, published in 1612, is a basic source for our knowledge of Cervantes's heroism in Algiers. It has already been established that Diego de Haedo, whose name appears on the title page, could not have written it. No other work by any other author has such close parallels with Cervantes's works, parallels so close that they already have been called “perplexing.” The present article proposes that Cervantes is the author of the work, and the presentation of his heroism is thus another example of his self-praise.
El Soneto del Rufián “Arrepentido” (en Dos Series)
Authors: Fernández J. Ignacio Diez
Published: June 2023

In spite of recent critical interest in Cervantes's poetry, there are still many “poesías sueltas” attributed to Cervantes for reasons that are less than convincing. One such case is the sonnet “Maestro era de esgrima Campuzano,” which, according to a manuscript now lost, is by Cervantes. This article reviews the different arguments employed to support the attribution to Cervantes and compares them with those which can be made in support of attributing the poem to Diego Hurtado de Mendoza. A close reading of the sonnet offers purely textual proofs, after which the relationship of the text to other works by each author is considered. After some general reflections on criteria of attribution, the conclusion proposes the likeliest authorship.
“‘A quien se humilla …”’: ¿la homilía del Quijote?
Authors: Hathaway Robert L.
Published: June 2023

During that scene of rustic amity as knight and squire join the goatherds for an evening meal, Don Quixote pulls Sancho to the ground to eat with him in a spirit of companionship and equality, saying “‘a quien se humilla, Dios le ensalza.’” Citing Luke 14:11 at this point seems rather an inappropriate, an inopportune biblical injunction: why does it appear? Our thesis is that here Cervantes introduces a religious theme which will appear from time to time in Part One, and increasingly so in Part Two, culminating in Alonso Quijano's recognition that one must not put one's soul in danger. Indeed, at various moments in the first Quijote there may well be repetition of the lesson of humility; these pages address the question of our title by examining such possible reappearances, and in the process, reviewing the theme of religiosity in Cervantes's masterpiece.
Pulling Strings With Master Peter’s Puppets: Fiction and History in Don Quixote
Authors: Gaylord Mary Malcolm
Published: June 2023

El episodio conocido como el Retablo de Maese Pedro (Don Quijote II, 26) ha sido objeto de atención crítica en virtud de sus rasgos metaliterarios y metateatrales. Se ha señalado también la manera en que Cervantes pone en boca de los múltiples narradores de esta secuencia técnicas y fórmulas retóricas características de la narración histórica, con el doble propósito de burlarse de ficciones mal hechas y de acentuar la extraordinaria ficcionalidad de su propio relato. Este estudio echa una nueva mirada sobre la dimensión cuasi-histórica del Retablo, descubriendo en su fábula caballeresca, en su atención al quehacer historiográfico, y en su rica y sugerente contextualización dentro de la Segunda Parte del Quijote, pretextos para pensar en una semi-oculta relación cervantina con la historiografía seria de su tiempo
Cardenio’s Twice-Told Tale
Authors: Hathaway Robert L.
Published: June 2023

Dos veces narra Cardenio la historia de sus infortunios, re/creando los detalles de ellos para un reducido público. Es fácil que un lector acepte el sentido trágico que se empeña a proyectar este despojado tan embebecido de la literatura sentimental, pero en aquellos detalles mismos este autor claramente se revela tal como es, cobarde e irresoluto aún después de pretender esforzarse a imitación de Dorotea. Penetrando por la retórica cuidadosamente confeccionada de su autorretrato se reconoce la verdad de la pérdida de su amada Luscinda y no su falso simulacro. Al fin y al cabo, se ve que nunca ha sido víctima de los demás sino de sus propias debilidades, y resulta difícil sentir la simpatía que él decididamente cree merecerse.
Significant Disparities in the Text of La tía fingida vis-à-vis Cervantes’s El casamiento engañoso
Authors: Aylward E. T.
Published: June 2023

Durante siglos la cuestión de la paternidad de La tía fingida ha desafiado los esfuerzos que han tratado de resolver tal problema. A pesar de las conclusiones de Icaza (1916) y Criado de Val (1953) en contra de la paternidad cervantina, persisten muchos críticos en llamar a Cervantes autor de dicha obra. Las cuidadosas investigaciones hechas por Icaza y Criado de Val sobre los elementos léxicos y gramaticales de la TF son apoyadas en el presente estudio mediante una comparación —en términos de caracterización, técnica narrativa, y tono moralizante— entre la TF y la obra cervantina que más se asemeja a ella, El casamiento engañoso.
Escritor/Excretor: Cervantes’s “Humanism” on Philip II’s Tomb
Authors: Graf E. C.
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo intenta combinar tres perspectivas del famoso soneto cervantino “Voto a Dios que me espanta esta grandeza”: 1) una lectura epistemológica interpretando el soneto como objeto arquitectónico que relata una visión orgánica del universo; 2) una lectura personal-testimonial a través de la cual el soneto se convierte en una confesión por parte del autor de su participación en el imperialismo español; y 3) una lectura histórica que descubre en el soneto un retrato físico y político de la muerte de Felipe II. A lo largo del ensayo interpreto el poema desde una perspectiva escatológica, tanto en el sentido material y corporal como en el sentido teológico y político de la palabra. A mi ver, el poema marca una transición en la trayectoria de la obra de Cervantes donde se manifiesta un conflicto ideológico entre la lealtad patriótica de un soldado a su rey y el servicio soteriológico de un escritor a la humanidad, conflicto que anticipa su rechazo carnavalesco del nacionalismo imperial que forma la base de la tal llamada primera novela moderna.
Rinconete y Cortadillo y la novela picaresca
Authors: López Jorge García
Published: June 2023

In this article I propose a new perspective for the study of Cervantine picaresque, based on an historical analysis of the procedures Cervantes used in his novels related to that genre, without entering into the polemics over whether or not certain Cervantine productions actually belong to the picaresque genre. I apply this perspective to Rinconete y Cortadillo. The novelette is shown to be a stage at which Cervantes discovered ‘his’ pícaro par excellence: the happy and carefree Carriazo. It is also worthwhile to consider Rinconete y Cortadillo in the light of Ginés de Pasamonte's famous declarations in Don Quixote 1, 22; there are in fact important lexical and poetic parallels. Indeed, the chain of galley slaves appears to be the logical conclusion to Rinconete y Cortadillo. Ginés, Rincón, and Carriazo constitute consecutive, linked stages in Cervantes's understanding of Alemán's fiction.
La representación de lo femenino en Cervantes: la doble identidad de Dulcinea y Sigismunda
Authors: Galán Mercedes Alcalá
Published: June 2023

In Cervantes's two great novels, Don Quixote and Persiles y Sigismunda, the female protagonists Dulcinea and Sigismunda double with their alter egos, Aldonza Lorenzo and Auristela. Despite obvious differences, in both cases Cervantes resorts to the creation of doubles that fragment these female characters and make them more complex from the viewpoint of other characters and readers alike. In Persiles the construction of the character Auristela/Sigismunda goes far beyond the given double identity. This character is portrayed pictorially many times throughout her journey. The painted image of Auristela provokes more incidents than she herself does, such that the portraits of her act as autonomous shadows that continuously follow her, precede her, and intercept her path. Through analysis of six different portraits, we see how Cervantes explores the idea of the sublime by means of the contruction of the character Auristela.