bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Ocular Ischaemic Syndrome Associated with Choroidal Folds
Authors:   Basaksehir Cam Ve Sakura City Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Basaksehir, 34480, Istanbul, Turkey, Kaya Fatma Selin , Kasapoglu Esra ,   Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research And Education Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey, Onur Umut ,   Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research And Education Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey, Iscan Oznur ,   Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research And Education Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey, Orum Ozgur ,   Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research And Education Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey, Yigit Fadime Ulviye ,   Avcilar Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2022

A 58 year-old male patient presented with fluctuating vision in right eye. Dilated fundus examination on presentation showed wavy choroidal folds and cotton wool spots in the posterior pole of right eye. Fundus fluorescein angiogram demonstrated prolonged arm-to-retina circulation time and a patchy choroidal filling pattern in the same eye
Validation of a New Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) Grading Scale for Rapid Assessment of MGD in Clinical Practice
Authors:   School Of Optometry And Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia, Alshahrani Fahad Salem , Stapleton Fiona ,   School Of Optometry And Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia, Golebiowski Blanka ,   School Of Optometry And Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia, Gibson Emma ,   School Of Optometry And Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia, Boga Archana ,   School Of Optometry And Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia
Published: July 2022

This is the first study to validate the combination of TE for evaluating MGD. This study didn’t show correlations between TE combination against MGD14 and against meibography. In addition, there was no correlation between meibography and MGD14. Overall, this study displayed poor relationship between symptoms and signs of dry eye; however, these results need to be confirmed in a large sample size with more participants displaying MGD.
Hacia la transformación del paradigma de habitabilidad de la vivienda para el joven profesional en México
Authors: Hernández Nogueira Daniela
Published: July 2022

Describir y conceptualizar a la vivienda desde su forma natural, sin contemplar al individuo, sus formas de vida y las connotaciones que en el individuo origina, es reforzar el intelecto de la vivienda desde la relatividad y no desde su realidad. Describir la vivienda desde la perspectiva que sugiere a sus condiciones de origen y el desarrollo concreto en la que se originó es fundamental para conceptualizarla. Explicar las transformaciones que ha sufrido la vivienda en la manera en la que el individuo, desde su condición social y en cualquier momento histórico, satisface esa necesidad es comprender las formas relación hombre-objeto-hombre. En estos paradigmas, la vivienda se encuentra sometida a la estructuración del mismo y se adapta a los procesos históricos en los que éste se desenvuelve. En ese sentido, en aras de comprender el fenómeno, es fundamental reconocer que el espacio denominado vivienda se relaciona indudablemente con un proceso social: la vivienda y cómo la habitamos es el producto social de una organización social que expresa lo simbólico y lo productivo de determinada sociedad en determinado momento.
Research on the Vulnerability of the Community to Flood: A Case Study at the Downstream of Gianh River, Quang Binh Province
Authors: Thi Ha Thanh Nguyen , Ngoc Diep Nguyen , Huu Duy Nguyen , Dinh Kha Dang , Le Tuan Pham , Ngoc Tu Bui
Published: July 2022

Flood is a frequent natural disaster which has a negative impact on the socio-economic activities of the community in the lower Gianh river area - one of the most vulnerability areas under the flood in the North Central Region, Vietnam. The aim of this paper is to assess the risk of flooding in the study area as well as point out the factors that increase the vulnerability of the local community. The study applies UNESCO-IHE vulnerability approach, combining the flood risk assessment method by MIKE FLOOD model and sociological investigation, with 90 household questionnaires (selected randomly and  door-to-door interview). The main results include flood risk level maps (by analyzing inundation depth and flood flow velocities); data on community resilience to flood (resilience capacity and local people's perceptions on flood risks). These results are the basis for not only raising awareness about flood risks but also propose non-structural flood protection solutions for managers and local communities in the research areas.
Optimum Design of Trapezoidal Combined Footings
Authors: Al-Douri Eman M. Farhan
Published: July 2022

This study is an application of one of the non-linear programming methods ; Hooke & Jeeves method to the structural design of the trapezoidal combined footings , considering the total cost of the footing as an objective function . The cost function was formulated in terms of the following design variables : Smaller and larger footing width, footing width, thickness, depth of embedment and left and right projections A computer program was developed to solve this design problem using the conventional structural design approach in conjunction with Hooke & Jeeves method. A simple study was performed to detect the sensitivity of the objective function to its design variables.A further parametric study was performed regarding the distance between columns and loading conditions. It has been proved that the minimum cost of the trapezoidal combined footing increases with the increase of the distance between columns and loading ratio.
Sequential Anaerobic/Aerobic Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Al-Hashimi Mohammed Ali I. , Abbas Abbas Hadi
Published: July 2022

The continuous sequential biological anaerobic/aerobic treatment of Samarra Drugs Factory wastewater (pharmaceutical wastewater) was evaluated under different operation conditions of hydraulic retention time (HRT). A pilot plant of upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) was used for anaerobic stage followed by air diffuser for aerobic stage. The UAF was fabricated from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe with 14 cm diameter and 140 cm height. The UAF was packed with (2.54-3.82) cm inert gravel as a media .Three ports along the UAF were fixed at distance of (30cm) to evaluate the reactor efficiency with respect to the depth. The system was operated for (135days) continuously .Seeding and acclimation of anaerobic bacteria for start- up of UAF was achieved within (34days) by using glucose and trace nutrient with gradually replacing pharmaceutical wastewater, then the system was operated completely with pharmaceutical wastewater for three runs with three values of HRT, each run was 30 days. The values of HRT were (24 hrs, 18hrs, and 12hrs) for anaerobic stage and (20 hrs, 15hrs, and 10hrs) for aerobic stage respectively. The UAF was operated with mesophilic bacterial growth, in which the temperature maintained with the range of 35-37 oC. The removal efficiency for chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) Nitrate (NO3), Phosphate (PO4), Sulphate (SO4), Total suspended solids (TSS) by anaerobic filter were evaluated, while only the removal efficiency for COD and BOD were evaluated with the sequential anaerobic/aerobic treatment. The system was subjected to pharmaceutical wastewater with COD concentration ranged (740-1100 mg/L) and BOD concentration ranged (298- 400 mg/L). The removal efficiency of COD and BOD were 87%, 90% for anaerobic stage and 92%, 93% for anaerobic/aerobic stage respectively. The biogas production was (0.55 m3/Kg COD removed). The efficiency of anaerobic filter with respect to the depth showed that the first third was the more effective in COD removal.
Indirect Field Orientation Control of Induction Machine With Detuning Effect
Authors: Al-Shemari Khalaf S. K.
Published: July 2022

Induction motors (IM) arc characterized by complex, highly nonlinear time varying dynamics and inaccessibility of some states and outputs for measurements and hence may be considered as a challenging problem. Field orientation control (FOC ) methods of an induction machine achieve decoupled torque and flux dynamics leading to independent control of torque and flux as for separately excited DC motor, but there are sensitive to motor parameter variations. The present work select the indirect field orientation control (IFOC) as an effective method for eliminating the coupling effect. The results showed how well the drive performance has been improved by this control strategy. However, to what extent the control strategy can perform the decoupling relies on the accuracy of the slip frequency calculation. Unfortunately, the slip frequency depends on the rotor time constant that varies continuously according to the operational conditions and then the coupling effect may again arise. This paper investigates the improvement in the performance of the induction machine dynamics as the IFOC technique is utilized. Also, it investigates the degradation in dynamic performance when the rotor resistance is deviated from its nominal value.
Deashaltening and Hydrodesulphurization of Jumboor Vacuum Residue
Authors: Jarallah Aysar T. , Hameed Shaemaa A.
Published: July 2022

Vacuum residue of Jumboor crude oil above 773 K of specific gravity 1.105 and 6. I wt% sulfur , was treated with commercial pentane &hexane fractions for preparing deasphaltened oil (DAO) suitable for hydrodesulphurization process. Solvent deasphaltening was examined with mixing time 0.25 to 4 h and solvent to oil ratio 4 to 15 ml : 1g at different temperatures . The asphaltenes yield was decreased with increasing mixing time and increased with increasing solvent to oil ratio . Hexane deasphaltened oil hydrotreated on presulfided commercial cobalt-molybdenum alumina catalyst at specified operating conditions in a trickle bed reactor . The hydrotreating process applied at a range of temperatures varied from 623 to 698 K, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) from 0.7 to 2.2 h-1 ,H2/oil ratio about 300 liter/liter and hydrogen pressure was 4 Mpa . The results of hydrotreating process indicate high sulfur and metal removal with decreasing LHSV as well as high temperature applied . The kinetic of hydrodesulphurization and demetalization reactions followed 2nd and 1st order reactions respectively .
The Problem of the "Russian World": theory and historiography
Authors: Khomenko Denis Petrovich
Published: July 2022

The article presents the problem of the split of the "Russian World" as a consequence of the collapse of the USSR in 1991. Russian Russian historiography is analyzed by the author, comparing the opinions of experts on the civilizational criterion in the modern history of the Russian people and the "Russian world" in order to create a generalized definition of the concept of "Russian World". The so-called "Putin Doctrine" is considered separately, understood as a set of state measures to consolidate the post-Soviet space on the principles of common security and common interests. The problem of the ongoing split of the "Russian World" due to the Ukrainian crisis is also analyzed. In his work, using historical-systemic and historical-synergetic methods, the author, based on the opinions of specialists from different branches of science, comes to a theoretical result regarding the topic under study.   In the modern historiography of the issue, there is still no consensus on the final definition, which indicates the interdisciplinary complexity of the concept. But this especially testifies to the high relevance of the definition of the concept of "Russian World" for the formation of the national security strategy of Russia. The article analyzes the sources of the Russkiy Mir Foundation, the Center for Military and Political Studies of the MGIMO Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Izborsky Club, and the Center for Global Interests (Washington, USA). The historiography of the works of doctors of Historical Sciences of Russia Nikonov V.A., Podberezkin A.I., Komarov G.A., Harvard University political scientist Huntington S.F., philosophers Shchedrovitsky P.G., Averyanov V.V. is also analyzed.Russian Russian World In the course of the study, the author presented a generalized definition of the concept of the "Russian World" and the problem of the split of the "Russian World" in the context of modern historical approaches.
Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium and the revolutionary unrest of 1905-1907.
Authors: Fedotova Dar'ya Yur'evna , Sulimov Vadim Sergeevich
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of students of the oldest educational institution in Western Siberia — the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium during the revolutionary upheavals of 1905-1907. The subject of the study is the activity of students of the Tobolsk men's gymnasium in 1905-1907. The object of the study is the Tobolsk men's gymnasium. The work is based on the principles of historicism, integrity, objectivity, comprehensiveness. Both general scientific and traditional methods for historical research are used: systematic, historical-comparative, problem-historical.Attention is paid to the analysis of the features of the educational process, reflected in the protocols of pedagogical councils and reports of the director of the gymnasium P. I. Panov. It is noted that despite the control over the behavior of gymnasium students by the director, teachers, classroom teachers and parents, students were gradually drawn into political processes covering the whole country.The authors consider the main requirements put forward by the pupils of the men's gymnasium in the fall of 1905, which were presented to the management of the educational institution in the form of a petition containing 29 points. It should be taken into account that the petition was sent from European Russia to unite the demands of secondary school students to change the educational process. The paper concludes that high school students opposed prohibitions and restrictions, did not have a clear political program and a single plan. Their actions were spontaneous and chaotic. In this article, the authors use a representative source base of unpublished materials from the collections of the State Archives of Tobolsk and Tomsk relating to the history of the Tobolsk Men's Gymnasium.
"It is impossible not only to provide for all the needs of places of detention caused by overcrowding, but also to feed prisoners": interdepartmental financial disputes on the eve of the birth of the Soviet camp system (1928-1929).
Authors: Bakharev Dmitry Vadimovich
Published: July 2022

The subject of the study is the financial and economic prerequisites of the hardware confrontation on the strategy and priorities of the development of the Soviet correctional labor system, observed at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. Archival documents of that era are analyzed, indicating that the NKVD of the RSFSR and its subordinate Main Directorate of places of detention in the specified period experienced an acute shortage of funds for the maintenance of constantly an increasing contingent of prisoners. The leadership of the People's Commissariat (V. N. Tolmachev) and GUMZ (E. G. Shirvindt) made significant hardware efforts to eliminate the shortage of monetary resources and, with the support of the SNK of the RSFSR, sometimes even acted bypassing the People's Commissariat of Finance of the RSFSR for these purposes.   Therefore, including for this reason, it categorically refused to participate in the financing of measures to create new correctional labor camps under the auspices of the OGPU. At the same time, representatives of the NKVD opposed the very idea of expanding the camp system and transferring other categories of prisoners to the OGPU in addition to those convicted of counterrevolutionary crimes. The article also cites other archival documents, which, together with the rest of the sources analyzed in it, cast doubt on the well-established opinion that the head of the NKVD V. N. Tolmachev was one of the initiators of the project of transition to a mass system of camp organization of forced labor of prisoners in the USSR.
An Indeterminacy of Labor Provisions Linked in Trade Treaties and Review of Domestic Laws
Authors:   Korea International Law Review, JUNG Kyung Soo
Published: July 2022

As a new phenomenon to be noted in international law, the interaction among sub-fields of international law is emerging. Among them, there is a link between trade and labour. This link is to prescribe labour provisions that guarantee labour rights in free trade agreements regulating trade. For such labour provisions, references are generally made to the International Labour Organization Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (“ILO Declaration”). A clause that directs an explicit reference is inherently indeterminate to function effectively. Through the analysis of the Report of the Panel of Experts (“Panel Report”) on the case of violations of labour provisions in the EU-Korea Free Trade Agreement (“EU-Korea FTA”), this article examines whether the labour provisions that explicitly refer to soft international standards such as ILO Declaration can function as rules that can enforce international labour standards in trade treaties. The findings of analyzing the Panel Report in this case can be summarized as follows: First, the labour provision with an explicit reference functions as an effect indicator that gives legal binding force to the content of the norms in the referenced international document. Even if there is no direct legal binding force in the indicated international document, its content remains legally binding pursuant to the labour provision. The norms in the Compilation of Decisions of the International Labour Organization’s Committee on Freedom of Association (“Compilation of Decisions”) thus become concrete legal norms directly applicable to the facts in question. Second, the obligation to respect, promote, and realize the principle of freedom of association was inclusively categorized as an obligation of result. Therefore, the Panel of Experts examined whether the relevant laws of Korea and the actual applications were consistent with the results required by the standards in the Compilation of Decisions. The obligation of result is relatively easier to prove for the party claiming non-performance while the burden of proof is cumbersome for the party claiming performance. It is of great interest to see how broadly and deeply Article 13.4.3 of the EU-Korea FTA will affect Korea’s guarantee of labour rights in the future. This is because the logic of finding and applying the law presented in the process of resolving the normative uncertainty of Article 13.4.3 by the Panel of Experts’ in deciding this case formally encompasses the entire scope governed by the fundamental conventions of the ILO. However, it is not easy to predict how it will develop in the future. Whether the EU will request the establishment of an expert panel procedure will vary on a case-by-case basis, and it is unclear how the function of an expert panel without formal rules of procedure will be addressed in the revision of the EU-Korea FTA.
ciclo do ouro e seus impactos socioambientais
Authors: Murad Afonso Tadeu
Published: July 2022

O ouro nos fascina pela sua beleza, brilho reluzente e alto valor agregado. Sinal de riqueza e ostentação, ele esconde um drama humano e ecológico que atravessa fronteiras. Do extrativismo, no leito dos rios ou em jazidas, até sua utilização no mercado financeiro, o ouro deixa um rastro de exploração do ser humano e de degeneração do meio ambiente. Esse artigo visa mostrar o ciclo produtivo do ouro, os impactos sociais e ambientais, e as interpelações dessa realidade para a fé cristã e as Igrejas. Está dividido em três partes. Inicialmente, caracteriza os tipos de extração desse metal e as consequências para o solo e as comunidades humanas, bem como sua destinação como investimento no mercado financeiro. A seguir, apresenta uma síntese bíblica sobre os vários significados do ouro. Por fim, oferece uma reflexão teológico-pastoral sobre o ouro, a sustentabilidade e a equidade social. Na conclusão, sinaliza algumas iniciativas das Igrejas cristãs em defesa dos territórios frente a exploração do ouro e seu empenho pela justiça socioambiental.
Neurenteric cyst of the dorsal craniocervical junction in an adult: A case report and operative video
Authors: Abdulqader Sarah Bin , Elahi Basim Noor , Alshoumer Azhar , Alzhrani Gmaan
Published: July 2022

Background:

Neurenteric cysts (NCs) are rarely located in the dorsal craniocervical junction (CCJ).

Case Description:

Here, we present a case and show the surgical video of a 24-year-old man with a history of neck pain, progressive hemiparesis, and difficulty swallowing. Radiological images revealed an intradural extramedullary lesion at the dorsal CCJ. Posterior approach with C1–C2 laminectomy for resection of the lesion was performed with significant improvement in symptoms postoperatively. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of NC.

Conclusion:

This case demonstrates a rare location of a NC in an adult patient. Complete excision of the cyst wall and its content is the recommended treatment option.
The reverse question mark and L.G. Kempe incisions for decompressive craniectomy: A case series and narrative review of the literature
Authors: Ordóñez-Rubiano Edgar G. , Figueredo Luisa F. , Gamboa-Oñate Carlos A. , Kehayov Ivo , Rengifo-Hipus Jorge A. , Romero-Castillo Ingrid J. , Rodríguez-Medina Angie P. , Patiño-Gomez Javier G. , Zorro Oscar
Published: July 2022

Background:

Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a lifesaving procedure, relieving intracranial hypertension. Conventionally, DCs are performed by a reverse question mark (RQM) incision. However, the use of the L. G. Kempe’s (LGK) incision has increased in the last decade. We aim to describe the surgical nuances of the LGK and the standard RQM incisions to treat patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), empyema, and malignant ischemic stroke. Furthermore, to describe, surgical limitations, wound healing, and neurological outcomes related to each technique.

Methods:

To describe a prospective acquired, case series including patients who underwent a DC using either an RQM or an LGK incision in our institution between 2019 and 2020.

Results:

A total of 27 patients underwent DC. Of those, ten patients were enrolled. The mean age was 42.1 years (26–71), and 60% were male. Five patients underwent DC using a large RQM incision; three had severe TBI, one ICH, and one ischemic stroke. The other five patients underwent DC using an LGK incision (one ICH, one subdural empyema, and one ischemic stroke). About 50% of patients presented severe headaches associated with vomiting, and six presented altered mental status (drowsy or stuporous). Motor deficits were present in four cases. In patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, symptoms were directly related to the stroke location. Hospital stays varied between 13 and 22 days. No readmissions were recorded, and no fatal outcome was documented during the follow-up.

Conclusion:

The utility of the LGK incision is comparable with the classic RQM incision to treat acute brain injuries, where an urgent decompression must be performed. Some of these cases include malignant ischemic strokes, ICH, and empyema. No differences were observed between both techniques in terms of prevention of scalp necrosis and general cosmetic outcomes.
Les oppositions « langue moderne / langue ancienne », « langue vivante / langue morte », « langue naturelle / langue artificielle » à l’épreuve de l’apprentissage : introduction à six études de cas sur les méthodes de l’apprentissage des langues étrangère
Authors: Francesca Dell'Oro
Published: July 2022

Comment change l’apprentissage d’une langue d’après son statut de langue moderne vivante, de langue ancienne « morte » ou encore de langue construite « non-naturelle » ? À travers six études de cas, sept experts de langues vivantes (telles l’anglais et le français aujourd’hui, le russe pendant le XXe siècle, mais aussi le latin dans l’Antiquité), de langues anciennes (telles le latin et le grec ancien aujourd’hui) et de langues construites (telles l’elfique et l’esperanto) décrivent différentes méthodes et modèles d’enseignement. Les auteurs présentent leurs expériences qui sont fortement ancrées dans la réalité de la classe et/ou reconstruisent minutieusement les méthodes et instruments à dispositions des enseignants et des apprenants à une certaine époque. De la présentation des dispositifs didactiques de l’Antiquité gréco-romaine (E. Dickey) à l’intégration des arts performatifs et à la relecture d’anciens traités de rhétorique (J.-R. Lapaire), de l’application de méthodes directes à la classe de langues anciennes (F. Dell’Oro & A. Kolde) à la présentation du russe comme une langue « archaïque » à des fins didactiques (D. Zalesskaya), de l’apprentissage des langues complexes qui évoluent dans le temps et dans l’espace  de l’univers fictionnel de J.R.R. Tolkien (D. Bador) à l’idéal d’une langue commune de toute l’humanité telle l’esperanto (S. Moret), il en ressort une image de continuité, où chaque expérience peut apporter une contribution à partager dans le domaine de l’apprentissage des langues étrangères. Concernant la question posée initialement, le volume montre qu’à l’épreuve de l’enseignement les différences entre les langues modernes, anciennes ou construites apparaissent moins nettes que ne le suggère le système d’enseignement traditionnel.
Adaptation and Application of a Coastal Vulnerability Index on the North Coast of the Actopan Municipality, Veracruz Mexico
Authors: Mancera Flores Andrea
Published: July 2022

A coastal vulnerability index (CVI) is a quantitative methodology applied in studies of morphodynamics and management of the coasts, through which it is possible to determine its level of vulnerability. The calculation and estimation of vulnerability have two main stages, such as the loss of land facing the sea and flooding, for which it is necessary to recognize the geomorphological, dynamic, socioeconomic and geographic aspects, in general, with the aim of understanding coastal morphodynamics. Given the multiplicity of elements and factors that converge in this interactive zone, this research adapted an (CVI) in the northern area of the municipality of Actopan in Veracruz, Mexico, under a dimensionality reduction method. One of the most important wetland systems in the central region of the Gulf of Mexico is located in this area. The application of the redundancy method is an effective way to adapt an index that provide, in itself, a general view and scope of vulnerability, thus allowing the identification of areas of priority attention to implement sustainable management programs for this coastal zone. In order to obtain an overview of coastal vulnerability, it was decided to generate a zoning, dividing it into three ranges, ranging from low to high degree of vulnerability. The highest vulnerability zone corresponds to the frontal portion of the northern coast, including the El Llano lagoon and the active wind plain; the degree of medium vulnerability occurs in the pre-coastal depression, where it is possible to find dunes stabilized by the vegetation, to the north of the tombolo and to the La Mancha lagoon, to the south; and finally, the area with the least vulnerability corresponds to the Farallón dune field, where the dunes are stabilized and colonized by vegetation, and in the area to the north of the El Farallón lagoon, where the volcanic remains form a low hill and the cliff south of the Villa Rica tombolo, known as Las Quebradas. If the index is compared, coastal vulnerability clearly reflects the relationship between morphological characteristics and regional dynamics, since the areas with the degree of higher vulnerability also correspond to the areas with the maximal changes on the coast, in its landscape, in the substitution of natural cover and the development of urbanization areas. Keywords: coastal vulnerability, Actopan municipality, Veracruz, coastal management.
Local Geomorphological Potentialities for the Use of Wave Energy in Mexican Coasts: a Recognition with Google Earth
Authors: Hernández Santana José Ramón , Méndez Linares Ana Patricia , Mancera Flores Andrea , Morales Méndez Daniel , Saavedra Gallardo Emilio
Published: July 2022

of high scientific-applied commitment, which in the case of extensive national territories such as the Mexican case, can only be resolved in a first approach and definition, with the use of satellite images or with the use of a sophisticated spatial analysis platform, as offered and guaranteed by Google Earth. With these premises and for a first look at the potential conditions of Mexican localities for the location of engineering prototypes for the use of wave energy, a satellite observation and assessment was carried out along the coasts of the country, in order to identify sites with geologic-geotechnical and geomorphological conditions potentially suitable for these purposes. The reconnaissance was centered on the location of abrasive coasts, undeniably modeled by wave dominance, and taking into consideration the proximity of coastal settlements, which could benefit from the conversion of wave energy into electrical microgeneration. Due to the extension of its coasts, Mexico occupies the third place in America, after the United States of America and Canada, but despite this geographical dimension of its coastal system, not all of its coastlines offer optimal conditions for the assimilation and conversion of wave energy, sometimes because the oceanographic and wave-generating wind regime does not have the frequency, annual permanence, fetch and power to guarantee permanent and efficient flows of energy and, in others, because the concentrations of wave energy, reflected in the abrasive geomorphic modeling of the coast, are not enough to guarantee the suitability of the sites. The satellite recognition of the Mexican coasts, through the platform of Google Earth, allowed to identify coastal sectors and localities, under a macro-location perspective according to territorial planning, which will reinforce previous decisions in future projects of location of suitable sites. These first attempts made it possible to recognize 147 of these coastal sectors and sites: Veracruz (7), Quintana Roo (2), Oaxaca (22), Guerrero (15), Michoacan (12), Colima (4), Jalisco (15), Nayarit (6), Sinaloa (3), Sonora (5), Southern Baja California (20) and Baja California (36). The vast majority of these sectors have small coastal towns as heirs to the conversion of wave energy to electricity. Keywords: suitable sites, geological-geomorphological conditions, satellite images, Google Earth, Mexico.
Controlling dendrite propagation in solid-state batteries with engineered stress
Authors: Fincher Cole D. , Athanasiou Christos E. , Gilgenbach Colin , Wang Michael , Sheldon Brian W. , Carter W. Craig , Chiang Yet-Ming
Published: July 2022

Metal dendrite penetration is a mode of electrolyte failure that threatens the viability of metal anode based high energy solid-state batteries. Whether dendrites are driven by mechanical failure or electrochemical degradation of solid electrolytes remains an open question. If internal mechanical forces drive failure, superimposing an external compressive load that counters internal stress may mitigate dendrite penetration. Here, we investigate this hypothesis by dynamically applying mechanical loads to growing lithium metal dendrites in Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 solid electrolytes. Operando microscopy reveals marked deflection in the dendrite growth trajectory at the onset of compressive loading. At loads near 200 MPa, this deflection is sufficient to avert cell failure. Using fracture mechanics, we quantify the impact of stack pressure and in-plane stresses on dendrite trajectory, chart the residual stresses required to prevent short-circuit failure, and propose cell design approaches to achieve such stresses. The model and experiments show that in the materials studied here, dendrite propagation is dictated by fracture of the electrolyte and that electronic conductivity plays a negligible role.
An Isolable Phosphaborene Stabilized by an Intramolecular Lewis Base
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Mei Yanbo , Liu Liu Leo
Published: July 2022

Phosphaborenes are P/B analogs of alkynes. Herein, we describe the isolation of a phosphaborene stabilized by an intramolecular Lewis base. This species is achieved via the installation of the phosphaborene with a sterically encumbering phosphino substituent. Although this species features an aromatic P2B three-membered ring, the ring strain allows the hemi-labile behavior of the P-B donor-acceptor bond, thereby exhibiting frustrated Lewis pair reactivity. Our finding paves the way for further exploration of the reactivity patterns of monomeric phosphaborenes.
Quality over quantity: Sampling high probability rare events with the Weighted Ensemble algorithm
Authors: Roussey Nicole , Dickson Alex
Published: July 2022

The prediction of (un)binding rates and free energies is of great significance to the drug design process. Many enhanced sampling algorithms have been developed to predict both relative and absolute binding free energies. All methods come with various sources of error, such as representations of the system (force fields, choice of water model), sampling methods and physical approximations. One means of comparing these tools is through participation in blind prediction challenges such as the Statistical Assessment of Modeling of Proteins and Ligands (SAMPL) challenges. Previously we have shown that free energies and transition rates can be calculated by directly simulating the binding and unbinding processes with our variant of the weighted ensemble algorithm ``Resampling of Ensembles by Variation Optimization'', or ``REVO''. Here, we calculate binding free energies retrospectively for three SAMPL6 host-guest systems and prospectively for a SAMPL9 system to test a modification of REVO that restricts its cloning behavior in quasi-unbound states. Specifically, trajectories cannot clone if they meet a physical requirement that represents a high likelihood of unbinding, which in the case of this work is a center-of-mass to center-of-mass distance. The overall effect of this change was difficult to predict, as it results in fewer unbinding events each of which with a much higher statistical weight. For all four systems tested, this new strategy produced either more accurate unbinding free energies or more consistent results between simulations than the standard REVO algorithm. This approach is highly flexible, and any feature of interest for a system can be used to determine cloning eligibility. These findings thus constitute an important improvement in the calculation of transition rates and binding free energies with the weighted ensemble method.
Identification of Potential Solid-State Li-Ion Conductors with Semi-Supervised Learning
Authors: Laskowski Forrest A. L. , McHaffie Daniel B. , See Kimberly A.
Published: July 2022

Despite ongoing efforts to identify high-performance electrolytes for solid-state Li-ion batteries, thousands of prospective Li-containing structures remain unexplored. Here, we employ a semi-supervised learning approach to expedite identification of ionic conductors. We screen 180 unique descriptor representations and use agglomerative clustering to cluster ~26,000 Li-containing structures. The clusters are then labeled with experimental ionic conductivity data to assess the fitness of the descriptors. By inspecting clusters containing the highest conductivity labels, we identify 212 promising structures that are further screened using bond valence site energy and nudged elastic band calculations. Li3BS3 is identified as a potential high-conductivity material and selected for experimental characterization. With sufficient defect engineering, we show that Li3BS3 is a superionic conductor with room temperature ionic conductivity greater than 1 mS cm-1. While the semi-supervised method shows promise for identification of superionic conductors, the results illustrate a continued need for descriptors that explicitly encode for defects.
Using Genetic Algorithms to Discover Novel Ground- State Triplet Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Abarbanel Omri , Hutchison Geoffrey
Published: July 2022

Stable ground-state triplet π-conjugated copolymers have many interesting electronic and optoelectronic properties. However, the large number of potential monomer combinations makes it impractical to synthesize or even just use density functional theory (DFT) to calculate their triplet ground-state stability. Here, we present a genetic algorithm implementation that uses the semi-empirical GFN2- xTB to find ground-state triplet polymer candidates. We find over 1400 polymer candidates with a triplet ground-state stability of up to 4 eV versus the singlet. Additionally, we explore the properties of the monomers of those candidates in order to understand the design rules which promote the formation of a stable ground-state triplet in π-conjugated polymers.
A computational bird's eye view of redox reactivity in the formation of cysteine-lysine covalent linkages
Authors: Ye Jin , Bazzi Sophia , Fritz Tobias , Mata Ricardo A. , Uranga Jon
Published: July 2022

Recently, a new naturally occurring covalent linkage in peptides was characterised, involving a cysteine and a lysine, bridged through a single oxygen atom. The latter was dubbed as the NOS bond, reflecting the individual atoms directly involved in this rather uncommon bond which finds little parallel in lab chemistry. It is found to form under oxidising conditions and reversible upon addition of reducing agents. Further studies have shown that this bond is found over a large variety of systems and organisms, potentially playing an important role in regulation, cellular defense and replication. Not only that, double NOS bonds have been identified and even found to be competitive in relation to the formation of disulfide bonds. This raises several questions about how this exotic bond comes to be, what are the intermediates involved in its formation and how it competes with other pathways of sulfide oxidation (e.g., sulfinic acid formation, disulfide linkage). With this objective in mind, we revisited our first proposed mechanism for the reaction with model electronic structure calculations, adding information about the reactivity with alternative reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other potential competing products of oxidation. We present a reaction network with more than 30 intermediates which provides one of the most encompassing pictures for cysteine oxidation pathways to date.
DOES THE TEACHERS’ CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPRESENT A PRIORITY FOR THE ROMANIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM?
Authors:   “Valahia” University of Târgovişte, Romania, ENACHE Roxana Constanța
Published: July 2022

At present, being involved in a permanent professional development process represents a compulsory issue for teachers. In fact, the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) of the actual teachers has recorded considerable importance during the past two decades. As example, whether in 2002/2003, the teachers’ involvement in CPD activities was considered as optional in approximatively half of European countries (Eurydice, 2005), in 2018, a massive percentage of teachers (92.5 % of lower secondary teachers) participated in CPD activities (European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice. Teachers in Europe: Careers, Development and Wellbeing, 2021). Several European countries (Bulgaria, Spain, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia and Slovakia) considered the participation of teachers in CPD activities as a crucial step for their career development. However, in most European countries, the schools have to design a continuous professional development plan for their own staff. In such conditions, less than 1/3 of schools asks teachers to be involved in a particular CPD plan. In the case of Romanian teachers, their involvement in CPD process is regulated by the National Education Law (1/ 2011), with several amendments and completions. But in order to make it efficient, the whole process must be in accordance to the actual challenges related to teaching practices. In this respect, the paper tries to answer to an issue that envisages the teachers’ CPD as a real priority for the actual educational system.
BOOK REVIEW Trainer's Guide. Strategies Related to the Development of Training Programs
Authors:   Valahia University of Targoviste, Teacher Training Department, PETRESCU Ana-Maria Aurelia
Published: July 2022

The volume represents a result of a valuable collaboration between Mrs. Dana Opre, Associate Professor at Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences - Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Director of the Center for Innovation in Teaching and Learning for about 20 years, with huge expertise in the field of adult education, and Mr. Radu Fritea, Ph.D. in Psychology, coming from the same prestigious university, and working as an organizational trainer for over 15 years, being also founder and co-director of Frontline Solutions and Frontline Productions
Mediálna analýza a analýza reklamných výdavkov lídrov vybraných politických strán na sociálnej sieti Facebook
Authors:   University of Zilina, Krajčovič Peter
Published: July 2022

Príspevok sa venuje analýze mediálnych výstupov lídrov vybraných politických strán v slovenských médiách v období pred parlamentnými voľbami v SR a analýze výdavkov na reklamu predstaviteľov týchto politických strán na sociálnej sieti Facebook. Autor porovnáva počet mediálnych výstupov podľa jednotlivých typov médií a pomocou komparatívnej analýzy porovnáva objem výdavkov na reklamu a mediálnych výstupov s počtom získaných prednostných hlasov vo voľbách.
Jak se koronavirus stal hnacím motorem online vzdělávání
Authors:   University of Zilina, Masařová Klára , Androsch Nela Helena
Published: July 2022

Způsoby, kterými lze přenášet informace ke konkrétní cílové skupině jsou různé. V komunikačním procesu mezi vysílatelem informace a jejím příjemcem tvoří důležitou složku médium a specifický přístup k jeho využití. Elektronická média a s nimi spojená digitalizace představují velkou míru flexibility, kongruence a inovace v aktuální nabídce/poptávce v oblasti širokého vzdělávání. Příspěvek se zabývá vlivem a dopadem koronaviru na oblast vzdělávání a zkoumá kreativní inovativní marketingové strategie z oblasti online vzdělávání. Součástí příspěvku jsou také tři case studies zkoumající tři subjekty na trhu online vzdělávání.
Pleiotropic effects of statins in treatment of generalized periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease: clinical and experimental study (literature review)
Authors: Martovlos (Hodovana) O.I. , Skybchyk O.V. , Solomenchuk T.M.
Published: July 2022

The high prevalence of generalized periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) requires improving the existing ways of periodontal treatment of this category of cardiac patients and finding new ones. Statins are a group of lipid-lowering medications that are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to atherosclerotic vascular lesions. In addition to the cholesterol-lowering effect, statins have several pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, antibacterial, antioxidant, osteotropic etc. The analysis of scientific studies of native and foreign authors devoted to studying the influence of pleiotropic effects of statins on the condition of periodontal tissues revealed improvement of periodontal indicators, in particular, gum structure, reduction of the periodontal pockets depth, gum bleeding, and tooth mobility in patients on statin therapy. Experimental in vitro and in vivo studies show a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-a, etc.), which play a key role in the development of generalized periodontitis, as well as the acceleration of reparative processes in alveolar bone tissue when administering topical statins. Despite the prospects of using statins as the main or additional agent in the treatment of periodontal diseases, the question of dosage and method of local delivery of the medication for avoiding the undesirable side effects remains controversial and requires further research.
Doppler and clinical characteristic of cephalgia in patients with arterial hypertension during intermittent fasting
Authors: Liu Chun , Pohorielov O.V. , Baranenko O.M.
Published: July 2022

There were examined 142 patients with recurrent headache (cephalgia) and arterial hypertension, a mean – 49.26±1.33 years, of whom 69 men, 73 women who used intermittent fasting (patients spent 24 hours without food, 1 time per week, four repetitions). The control group consisted of 32 people of comparable age without hypertension (n=32; mean age 51.0±1.99 years). The purpose of the study was to increase the effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in patients with hypertension and headache by establishing the meaning and peculiarities of the influence of intermittent fasting on headaches, neck carotid and intracranial circulation. There were 51 (35.9%±4.03) patients aged 25-44 years’; 45-59 years – 42 (29.58%±3.83) patients; 60-75 years – 49 (34.51%±3.99) patients. It was found that the structural pathology of the main arteries of the head consisted mainly in the thickening of the intima-media from 0,8 to 1,4 mm in 62.7% at the age of 25-44 years; in 71,4% at the age of 45-59; in 51% at the age of 60-75 years. Local thickenings in the bifurcation zone from 1.5 mm without hemodynamically significant stenosis were found in 9.8% at the age of 24-44 years, in 28.6% at the age of 45-59 years and in 49% at the age of 60-75 years. Statistical differences in linear circulatory velocity between the control group and the group of patients were significant already at the age of 25-44 years, for peak systolic velocity in the internal carotid artery (78.03±4.67 vs. 61.0±2.54 in control, p<0.05). At the age of 45-59 years, linear circulatory velocity affected all carotid and vertebral arteries, as in the group aged 60-75. The effect of intermittent fasting on aged hemodynamics consists mainly in changes of velocity of flow in arteries with better results in younger patients. Changes in the elastic-tonic characteristics of the main arteries of the head according to the index of resistance (index was 0.72±0.01 for common carotid artery and 0.63±0.01 after intermittent fasting in patients at the age of 25-44 years; 0.78±0.01 before and 0.67±0.01 after at the age of 60-75 years were revealed). The use of the intermittent fasting method caused mainly an increase in diastolic flow rates in the main arteries (with age dependences) and a decrease in systolic velocity in the age group 25-44 years. The pathophysiological interpretation of such changes is in the reducing the resistance, values of the main arteries of the head.