bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Professional Ultrasound Probes with Santos DHM. Handling Comfort Map Generation and Ergonomic Assessment of Different Grasps
Authors: Mazzolaa M. , Forzonib L. , D’Onofriob S. , Marlerc T. , Becksd S.
Published: February 2022

Sonographers’ work-related musculoskeletal disorder is a critical but often neglected problem, with reports indicating that approximately 80% of them experience pain from the extended use of sonography probes. Also transducer design can be a common cause of hand-wrist complaints. Moreover, there are many opportunities to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. A possible solution was proposed by Esaote, whereby the probe-handle shape is redesigned with a more ergonomically effective profile, appleprobe Design, that can be used with two or more different handling positions. This paper presents: details of this new design, where 6 different probes were analyzed experimentally for ergonomic purposes; virtual analyses of the evaluation of the contact surfaces (hand/probes) for each probe and each grasp, using an advanced Digital Human Model (DHM), Santos, and results of experiments to evaluate actual user discomfort. Results indicate the advantages of the proposed design and an acceptable correlation between the virtual and the experimental analyses. This work represents the first step towards the use of Santos DHM not only for comfort/ergonomics evaluation/validation after the production of the probe, but also for the simulation of new design concepts before prototypes are even manufactured, thus reducing production costs and improving quality.
An Innovative Bike for Children Play and Rehabilitation
Authors: Emilio Standolia Carlo , Romeroa Maximiliano , Vazzolerb Giancarlo , Andreoni Giuseppe
Published: February 2022

Design is strategic for rehabilitation engaging and social inclusion. According to this vision, we developed a bike to promote physical and ludic activities among children, with great care of the needs of children with Cerebral Palsy. Regular physical activity, such as cycling, improves their health condition, and specifically strength and cardiorespiratory performances. A bike adds to the benefits of physical activity, the opportunity to perform outdoors rehabilitation and to socialize with other children. The methodology started with a deep analysis consisting in several steps: literature and patents research, direct observations, questionnaires and interviews of all involved users (children, parents, clinicians). A new bike was designed and developed and some tests were performed. These tests were addressed to children (with or without CP), to their parents and physiotherapists, in order to understand if the new bike was useful, safe and desirable.
Participatory Workplace Development for Disabled Workers Reintegration
Authors: G. Andreoni , F. Costa , M. Dall’Amico , C. Frigo , E. Gruppioni , S. Muschiato , E. Pavan , M. Piccoli , M. Romero , B.G. Saldutto , C.E. Standoli , G. Verni , G. Vignati
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to report the process conducted by an interdisciplinary team to develop an accessible and satisfactory PC workstation to be used by physically impaired people for their professional reintegration. A biomechanical, ethnographic and participatory approach has been applied to occupational ergonomics in order to integrate qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. On the basis of these results an iterative process of prototype development and user testing has been conducted which led to the refinement of an adjustable workstation as adaptable as possible to different users pathologies and office activities. The experimented multicompetence approach has been able to integrate different research methods into a research strategy providing a more comprehensive understanding of the analyzed phenomena and increasing the quality of final results.
Development of Medical Device UI-Profiles for Reliable and Safe Human-Machine-Interaction in the Integrated Operating Room of the Future
Authors: Janß Armin , Benzko Julia , Merz Paul , Dell’Anna Jasmin , Strake Melanie , Radermacher Klaus
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, the number of technical systems in the operating room increases constantly. This ongoing spread of technology has significant impacts on the individual working process steps of the surgical team. Besides improving the therapeutic quality, these changes may also lead to new human-induced risks for patients, therapists and third parties. In particular, within intra-operative activities, which depend on a safe and fast operation, surgeons and nurses rely on sophisticated and efficient solutions in terms of Human-Machine-Interfaces in order to perform their tasks reliably and assuredly. Therefore, proprietary integrated workstations with a central usage cockpit have been provided for the operating theatre in recent years. At the Chair of Medical Engineering, a surgical integrated workstation with open interfaces for the integration of various medical devices from different manufacturers is currently been developed in the context of the BMBF (Federal Ministry of Education and Research) funded project OR.NET. For this purpose a suitable central user interface (e.g. multi-function foot switch, touch screen, diagnostic monitor, etc.) will be implemented, in a way that the functions of the various (networked) devices can be offered to the user by a central user interface. The design of the Human-Machine-Interface therefore depends on the available input and output devices, the interaction elements of the graphical user interface, the available medical technical equipment, as well as the medical intervention and the particular process steps and the environmental conditions within the operating room. In this work, a concept for the development of a Medical Device User Interface Profile (UIP) will be presented, using the characterization of process-dependent medical device functions for the modular design of a central user interface in the integrated operating room of the future. The use of standardized UI Profiles should allow the manufacturers to integrate their medical devices, respectively the provided functions in the OR.NET network, without disclosing the risk analysis and related confidential know-how or proprietary information. The UI Profiles will allow both, an automated optimized selection and composition of various user interfaces, and implicitly an optimal design of a central GUI with respect to the criteria of usability and an integrated human risk analysis in terms of Human-Machine Interaction. Specific operation process steps within a neurosurgical workflow will be the framework for the validation process of the UI Profiles. Till now, the UIP concept has been tested within the integration of an ultrasound dissector and an OR microscope.
A Proposal of Feature Extraction Method for Press-Through-Package Designs Based on Fourier Transformation
Authors: Hosozawa Yuuki , Kimura Masaomi
Published: February 2022

In order to prevent medical accidents which originate in using drugs, we need to properly use proper drugs. In Japan, we often use PTP (Press-Through-Package) sheets as a packaging unit of medical drug tablets. In order to prevent PTP sheets from design confusion, we need to establish the method to estimate the similarity of PTP sheets. In this paper, in order to acquire the knowledge about characteristics of PTP design, we applied Fourier transformation to PTP design. Under the assumption that marks and string letters in the design can be approximated into rectangles, we defined the (approximated) function that expresses PTP design. The function consists of a prototile, expressing a layout of rectangles, and its copies. We found Fourier transformation of the function can be expressed as the product of a contribution from the layout of the copies and a contribution from the prototile, the latter of which is found to have large value along lines perpendicular to line segments connecting centers of the rectangles at the center of the FFT image of a PTP design. Based on our discussion and the results of experiments, we obtained the knowledge that the similarity index of PTP design should consist of the similarity of prototiles in PTP sheets in low spatial frequency region and the similarity of the layout of prototile copies.
Stochastic Resonance Training at Work Reduces Musculoskeletal Pain in Nurses
Authors: Elfering Achim , Schade Volker , Burger Christian , Stöcklin Lukas
Published: February 2022

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) reports effects of a preventive intervention at worksite, namely stochastic resonance whole-body vibration (SR-WBV) training on musculoskeletal pain (MSP). SR-WBV is a form of whole-body vibration training with randomized low frequency vibration. The force-time behavior of the vibrations is not foreseeable and the body will be constantly challenged to adapt the muscle reactions. The experimental group (EG) performed an eight-week of SR-WBV. The control group (CG) received no intervention. The RCT was conducted in a large Swiss hospital. The 180 participants were between 18 and 63 years old (M = 43; SD = 11). The majority were female (88%) and were nurses (45%). MSP was measured daily in a diary. Participation possibilities and general health were assessed by self-report questionnaires before the RCT started. A longitudinal multilevel analysis showed a significant interaction of SR-WBV by time showed MSP to decline in the EG. Moreover, SWBV-training reduced pain to the largest extent in those with lowest participation possibilities and those who reported only moderate general health. Thus, SR-WBV was most effective in those reporting risk factors for musculoskeletal pain. SR-WBV may help to reduce the high prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal pain in hospital staff.
Telehealth Technology Enabling Medication Management of Children with Autism
Authors: Reischl Uwe , Oberleitner Ron
Published: February 2022

To assist healthcare providers in the management of autism symptoms, a new smartphone application was developed that now allows physicians to observe patient behaviors between office visits, and allows physicians to manage a patient’s medication based on the severity and dynamics of the symptoms observed. A technology evaluation was conducted to determine ease of use of the smartphone application by two physicians and three caregivers of autism patients. The results showed that the new smartphone application is able to assist the physician in monitoring patients with an autism spectrum disorder more accurately than when using subjective reports provided by caregivers during office visits. The smartphone application technology demonstrated a potential new way to help both caregivers and physicians in improving medication management for children with autism.
Dual Patient – Healthcare Provider Experience Mapping and Implications for Information Technology Deployment and Clinic Layout
Authors: Parush Avi , Lorenco-Levin Maya , Campbell Catherine
Published: February 2022

The implementation of information technology, in general, and electronic medical records (EMR), in particular, can have implications on various aspects of the healthcare process. This paper describes the development and implementation of a dual experience mapping technique to identify the mutual experience of patients and their families, on the one hand, and healthcare providers, on the other hand, as part of the preparation for deploying a new EMR system in a hospital environment. The dual experience mapping focused on identifying mutual pain points associated with the use of the new system as a function of various physical locations within hospital clinics. The findings facilitated the identification of mutual needs and definition of solution directions. Specifically, the recommendations addressed the layout of clinics with the deployed system in a way that addresses identified pain points and needs. The effectiveness of using the dual experience mapping is demonstrated in this project as a technique that can help in patient-oriented design and patient empowerment in healthcare.
User Empowerment in Telehealth Practice: The TeleSCoPE Project Approach
Authors: A Tabozzi Sarah , J Fisk Frederic Lievens Malcolm
Published: February 2022

Over the last two decades the use of telecommunication technology has grown popular in clinical practice and healthcare management all over the world. Its spreading, originally aimed at reaching remote areas, has been promoted by the anticipation of a major demand of telehealth services, wedded to the reduction of the availability of economical resources. At present, telecommunication technology offers solutions ready to cover the most diverse health-related issues, and the needs of society as a whole. Simultaneously to the development of the tele-support to traditional care, various debates regarding new possibilities offered by at-a-distance provision of healthcare have cropped up. Jointly rose from the ranks the need for alignment, both within and between the European nations, of the standards for the rising services, in order to facilitate their further use and to create trust around these new born means. The European project TeleSCoPE – Telehealth Service Code of Practice for Europe - is positioned in this framework. The European Code of Practice for telehealth services, the main output of the project, addresses tutelary issues evaluated and agreed among telehealth agents, in a user-centered view. Researching the different aspects related to user safety and satisfaction, rose the issue concerning the role of the users towards their health. The empowerment of the user is such a central matter that it led the partner group to the creation of an unambiguous glossary, where the top-down term “telemedicine” is replaced by “telehealth”, highlighting the excess of the merely clinical approach, in favor of an interaction between service provider and user/carer aimed at health in its wider and more comprehensive meaning, then covering social, psychological and physiological aspects, as well as well-being.This paper discusses the core of the TeleSCoPE Code of practice, regarding user empowerment, and provides a small review about the acceptance, the appreciation and the efficacy of personal involvement of users/patients in the provision of healthcare, according to the available literature
Development of Telemedicine in Oil & Gas through the Capabilities Approach
Authors: Fernandes Alexandra , Reegård Kine , Drøivoldsmo Asgeir , E. Simensen John , Rindahl Grete
Published: February 2022

The oil & gas companies operating in the Norwegian Continental Shelf have commonly used the capabilities approach within the context of Integrated Operations. This approach focuses on understanding organisations as dynamic systems and provides concepts and a language for developing resources. Recent efforts are focusing on extending Integrated Operations and the capabilities approach to medical services offshore, specifically on the use of telemedicine. Telemedicine in this context involves the connection between offshore and onshore medical staff through the use of communication systems, as well the distribution of medical data obtained offshore (for instance HD images or vital signs readings). In this work we describe the elaboration of a new tool: the Capability Development Resource Matrix, based on the People - Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM) proposed by Curtis, Hefley, and Miller in 2009. This tool is designed to guide organisational development and is generated directly from the work with industry partners, being continuously tested and improved. We discuss the tool’s value for planning, development, and implementation of telemedicine in Oil & Gas and other contexts. We wrap-up with considerations about future steps in the methodology conception and evaluation.
Healthcare System Focusing on Emotional Aspect Using Augmented Reality: Emotion Detection by Facial Expression
Authors: Tivatansakula Somchanok , Chalumpornb Gantaphon , Puangpontipb Supadchaya
Published: February 2022

Current research includes many proposals of systems that provide assistances and services to people in the healthcare fields; however, these systems emphasize the support physical rather than emotional aspects. Emotional health is as important as physical health. Negative emotional health can lead to social or mental health problems. To cope with negative emotional health in daily life, we propose a healthcare system that focuses on emotional aspects. This system provides services to improve user emotion. To improve user emotion, we need to recognize users’ current emotional state. Therefore, our system integrates emotion detection to suggest the appropriate service. This system is designed as a web-based system. While users use the system, facial expression and speech are detected and analyzed and to determine the users’ emotions. When negative emotions are detected, our system suggests that the users take a break by providing services (designed to provide relaxation, amusement and excitement services) with augmented reality and Kinect to improve their emotional state. This paper focuses on feature extraction and classification of emotion detection by facial expression recognition.
The Needs of Smart Medication Reminder for Elderly s
Authors: Huang Fei-Hui
Published: February 2022

The increasing burden of chronic illness is currently a significant challenge due to the aging of the global population. For most people who suffer from chronic illnesses, lifelong treatment is needed for their health management. This study is focused on the needs of elderly people with chronic conditions who require lifelong treatment for disease management in taking medications as prescribed. A face-to-face survey and a multiple case study were conducted to elicit the reasons why elderly s use pill box and to determine the effectiveness of the smart medication reminder system. The results indicated that 60% patients need a tool for assistance in taking their medication as prescribed. The experimental results showed that the smart medications reminder may effectively assist users in taking their medications as prescribed. The patients’ needs for the smart mediation reminder include reminder design, mobile medication reminder, ease of use, flexible design, and Modular Design. By using the smart medication reminder, the pressure of taking medications as prescribed may be relieved for the most elderly users. Furthermore, economic, social support, and elder care subsidies are the important factors for patient welfare.
A Proposal of the Method to Identify Adverse Effects Based on Topic Maps
Authors: Yokokawaa Kazuya , Kimuraa Masaomi , Ohkuraa Michiko , Tsuchiyab Fumito
Published: February 2022

Medical experts need to properly identify the adverse effects. However, this is difficult for novice medical experts, since such identification need veterans’ knowledge. One may consider reading of package inserts is helpful, since they are sole authorized documents. However, the novice medical experts will also feel difficulty, since the number of drugs is huge. In order to identify the adverse effect, patients’ explanation about what they feel are usually helpful. However, the problem is that there is an semantic gap between patients’ explanation and medical knowledge about adverse effects. The variations of patients’ explanation also make it complicated to extract information about adverse effects from their words. In this study, we utilize information in drug information sheets and techniques of topic maps. We propose the method to extract adverse effect information from drug information sheets, to associate it with patients’ explanation, and to create a database which has the topic map structure. We assume three elements to describe both patients’ symptom explanations and initial symptom descriptions in drug information sheets. Moreover, we propose the method that starts from the three elements and follows the associations to find adverse effects.
Using High Reliability and 'Lean' Thinking to Drive Excellence in Patient Safety: A Case Study from Radiation Oncology
Authors: Mazur Lukasz , Chera Bhishamjit , Adams Robert , B. Marks Lawrence
Published: February 2022

A grand challenge for most radiation oncology clinics is to develop highly reliable systems that deliver value to every patient. We present a case study from the Radiation Oncology Department at the University of North Carolina (UNC) where we recognize that our systems are imperfect despite multiple built-in quality assurance (QA) steps to detect human errors. We took on a journey to organize our systems in such way that we are better able to notice the ‘week signals’ of human errors. We herein highlight previously-reported initiatives and demonstrate concurrent improvements in patient safety culture. In summary, this case study suggests that high reliability and ‘Lean’ thinking initiatives can be successfully implemented to yield measurable improvements in patient safety culture.
An In-Patient Nursing Documentation Application for Smart Phones
Authors: J. Rodríguez Néstor , A. Borges José , Nájera Isabel , Marrero Joseph , A. Aleman Miguel , A. Rivera Carlos
Published: February 2022

It is a widely known fact that mobile hardware and software technologies are exponentially evolving. Even though the health industry is taking advantage of these technological advances, very little has been accomplished from a nursing perspective of electronic medical records documentation applications. Nursing tasks remain mostly documented via rudimentary, inefficient, and time-consuming pen and paper methods. There is very little research literature regarding the use electronic devices for nursing documentation. In this article we describe a nursing documentation system implemented for the Android platform running on smart phones. The system is a successor of a previous PDA-based nursing documentation system. The general functionality of the original PDA-based system is described as well as the validation of the user interfaces of the system. The new smart phone-based system is described and at the same time contrasted with the PDA-based system in terms of their user interfaces and interaction paradigms. In general, the transition from the PDA version to the smart phone version was painless because it was possible to transfer most of the user interface paradigms from de PDA system and also reuse the database that held its electronic medical record. We expect the new system to be more agile in terms of interaction because of the improved interaction paradigms of smart phones and also because many nurses will be using it on a very familiar device.
Analysing the Differences of Resilience Between Experts and Novices in Order to Increase Medical Safety and Quality
Authors: Maeda Yoshitaka , Suzuki Akinori Komatsubara Satoshi
Published: February 2022

In clinical sites, including hemodialysis, medical staff have to deal flexibly with fluctuations in the physical condition of patients or the progress of dialysis treatment in order to increase the safety and quality of medical services. It is often observed that experts can perform such actions, whereas novices cannot. A training program is needed to teach appropriate skills to novices in a short time. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the components of experts’ behavior in order to develop such a training program. This study analyzed the differences between experts and novices in their performance during hemodialysis medical services. Subsequently, these differences were discussed from the viewpoint of resilience engineering. As a result, it was found that experts can anticipate the medical characteristics of patients and tasks (e.g., variability of each patient’s condition) and characteristics of patient satisfaction (e.g., contents of medical services that patients demand). Experts depend on their memories of previous treatments and apply them to today’s patient (even though the treatment conditions of the last time and today are different); however, this may lead to medical accidents.
The Evaluation of Compatibility between Human and Mattress using EMG
Authors: Jin Park Se , Nam Min Murali Subramaniyam Heeran Lee Seung
Published: February 2022

Sleeping environment can have a significant influence on sleep quality. Sleeping on the incorrect mattress can cause lot of health problems and affects comfort. The mattress with extra firmness or softness does not allow the sleepers muscle to rest. This study developed a methodology to evaluate compatibility between human and mattress firmness using an electromyogram (EMG). Two mattresses were considered (spring and tempur mattress) with different firmness. Ten healthy participants were tested (age: 31.70 ± 2.19 years; height: 170.90 ± 7.90 cm; weight: 70.60 ± 13.95 kg) on each mattress when lying supine and turning to their right for ten times. The EMG activities (RMS) were measured from eight different muscles (right side cervical paraspinal, right and left side upper trapezius, right and left side latissimus dorsi, right and left side lumbar erector spinae, and right side gastrocnemius lateral). Subjective rating was also collected from the participants. The RMS results showed significantly lower muscle activities when subject tossing and turning to their right on the spring mattress than tempur mattress. Spring mattress provided significantly greater relaxation on subjective rating. This methodology can be used to evaluate different mattress compatibility with various material properties.
Measuring Mental Workload of Medical Physicists, Radiation Therapists and Dosimetrists at the Five Stages of Radiation Treatment Planning in External-Beam Radiotherapy using NASA-TLX
Authors: Galičiča Matjaž , F. Fallona Enda , van der Puttenab Wil , Sandsa Gordon , Mooreb Margaret
Published: February 2022

Mental Workload of Medical Physicists, Radiation Therapists and Dosimetrists was measured at five stages of Radiation Treatment Planning in External-Beam Radiation Therapy using NASA-TLX, a self-reported subjective technique for assessing mental workload developed by NASA (Hart and Staveland (1988). The five stages of the Treatment Planning process which were considered were; Image Import and Prescription Review, Target Contouring, Beam Manipulation and Calculation, Physician Approval, and Export of Plan to Pre-Treatment Review. Besides the assessed workload, the discrepancies and deviations from protocol (defined here as errors) reported during the five stages of the Treatment Planning process were also recorded using two independent internal reporting systems. The work was carried out over a two week period during September and October 2013 and 21 treatment cases were assessed in total. Medium to high perceived mental workload was reported in all five stages of the Treatment Planning process. Nine cases of errors were rectified and recorded in 7 out of the 21 treatments. The workload and error values recorded are discussed, as well as the association between errors and mental workload.
A New Model for Successful Safe Patient Handling Programs
Authors: John Vaughan a , Driver Jeffery , Hall Edward , Race bEric
Published: February 2022

The transport, transfer, adjustment, and general handling of hospital patients accounts for one of the most significant injury risks for healthcare workers. This is true for the general population of patients and even more so for bariatric patients. Safe Patient Handling Programs are increasingly becoming the norm for hospitals and long term care facilities. The use of lifting, transferring, and mobilizing equipment is mandated in many states in order to protect both the healthcare workers and the patients from injury due to manual lifting.The experience with such programs for many healthcare facilities presents a cautionary tale of great promise of benefit and very difficult delivery of same. This is a major culture change for nurses and other healthcare employees. The scenario goes something like this: Everyone (or nearly everyone) is delighted with the idea and seems eager to move forward with it. Equipment is purchased and everyone is trained to some extent on how to use it. The news of the program is presented to the public with ribbon cutting or similar fanfare. Soon thereafter it becomes clear that there were several things that were not considered such as laundry for the slings, who repairs the lifts, where IS the lift, where are the repo sheets. These oversights are soon followed by, “it takes too long”, “this isn’t working”, “I liked the old way”, and so on.Preventing this decline in the program requires dedicated “champions”. They must be able to assist other personnel with patient handling tasks, have a thorough working knowledge of all the lift equipment, and can provide the training or retraining so necessary as care givers encounter issues that were not covered in the first round of training. At Stanford Hospital and Clinics and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital we’re moving to the “lift coach” model to provide these things. This presentation describes the model and offers data on our experience over the past year. We believe this to be the best and most workable solution for culture change and successful Safe Patient Handling Program implementation. The presentation includes a unique Return On Investment calculation that we believe will be of great interest.
Assessing Medicine Labels to Improve Usability
Authors: Ulutas Berna , Ozkan Firat
Published: February 2022

The information on how and when to take a prescribed medicine is provided to the patient by the doctor. Although different countries, even states may have different standards and regulations, it is a necessity for almost each drug to include medication labels. Medication labels refer to, Container Label, Consumer Medication Information (CMI), Package Insert, and Medication Guide. The labels are prepared based on health literacy and aim to improve patient safety. If people cannot understand the health information they need or receive inadequate/inaccurate knowledge of disease and treatment, this may cause serious problems. Therefore, to avoid costly urgent services and adverse effects; medication labels must be design for potential users. This study investigates how information is presented in several medical labels. To improve usability, factors to be considered are defined and assessed by a survey. A case study is provided to compare the current printed package insert and the redesigned one.
Design of Wearable Product for Protecting Pelvis from Falls
Authors: Tae Junga Kwang , Min Kim Sung , Jin Chunb Keyoung , Soo Hongb Jae
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to design a wearable product for protecting pelvis from falls. In this product, an airbag cushion system was applied to absorb falling impact energy from falls. Korea became an ‘ageing society’ (defined as a society of more than 7% of elderly population) in 2000 and is expected to be going into an 'aged society' (more than 14% of elderly population) in 2018 and a 'super aged' (more than 20% of elderly population) in 2026. Falls can be occurred in all life-cycle. In particular old people over 65 years have more experiences of falls. The elderly have various forms of physical and mental degeneration and so they can easily meet a fall by tripping over a stone, slipping, etc. In fact, fall and slip account for 55.3 percent of all accidents in case of the elderly in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a product to prevent the elderly's injury from falls. Wearable airbag cushion system will be developed in this study and firstly its design was developed. The characteristics of elderly falls were identified from some previous studies and design requirements considering the characteristics were proposed. Finally, the design of pelvic airbag cushion system for absorbing falling impact energy was developed.
Ergonomic Analysis of Dental Equipment
Authors: Soares Orenha Eliel , Galvão Naressi Wilson , Carvalho Mutti  Naressi Suely , Cristina Teixeira Symone , Rosetti Enzo , Miguel Natalia , Cristiane Bulio Soares Angélica
Published: February 2022

This study proposes to evaluate the ergonomic aspects of dental equipments. Based on the requirements proposed by ISO/FDI, on the existing literature and related researches an evaluating system was devised. Thirty nine dental clinics were examined using 165 points-system proposed, distributed in 12 criteria. None of the dental clinics examined showed a bad ergonomics level, 41% were good and 59% reached excellent levels. The point-supported evaluation system proposed is effective in the analysis of the ergonomic conditions of dental equipments, allowing a quantification of their characteristics. Using this system, the dentist can also know the level of ergonomic satisfaction existing in his equipment, and indentify the conditions to be improved. It was concluded that the equipment belonging to dental workplaces evaluated had excellent level of compliance, however corrective measures are needed since even the presence of a few non-conforming items is a sufficient condition to cause injury to users, decreased efficiency and comfort and loss quality of service.
Transforming Physiological Data from a Generic Sensor to a Specialised One for Affect Detection
Authors: Moratori Patrick , Wagner Christian , Houghton Robert
Published: February 2022

Continuous reduction on hardware costs has been bringing the opportunity to employ cheap sensors to measure physiological data. However, this comes at a price of capturing some noisy information, which most likely would compromise both analysis and interpretation of the raw results. This paper investigates the reliability of a generic and a specialised sensor on capturing heart rate data and the challenge of extracting meaningful information from it for affect detection. A controlled stimulus in a laboratory setting is performed, in which participants play different levels of the game Tetris while their signal variations are observed. Since only the generic sensor does not reproduce the expected behaviour, filtering techniques are proposed to approximate its signal to the specialised one. Experimental results confirm that this goal is achieved by applying either “Grubbs' test”' for outliers detection or “three-sigma rule”. Such transformations highlight the need of filtering techniques for affective computing because they avoid misinterpretation of the results, as well as it represents a starting point towards finding a ground-truth to link possible user affect and physiological data.
Someone to Talk To
Authors: Koroveshovski Kiril , Gievska Sonja
Published: February 2022

This paper reflects upon the challenges surrounding the efforts in recognizing and classifying user’s affective state. A suitable set of rules for contextual valence shifting has a central role in the proposed lexical-based approach for automatic emotion detection, which utilizes a diverse set of publicly available lexical resources. To evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the embedded algorithm for word valence assignment, an experimental study with a suitable dataset was conducted and the performance results are discussed. A prototype multimodal mobile application that steers the conversational dialogue aligned with user’s affective states will also be presented.
Exploring the Innovation Application of Web Camera Based on Business Models - Taking Parent-Baby Communication as an Example
Authors: Lee Ming-Hsin , Chou Chun-Juei
Published: February 2022

In the high technique modern society, there are many ways to communicate with others. People anticipate the technology could not only connect to others but also help to sustain the relationship of family or friends.　Recently, people turn to take internet as the main way to communicate. On the other side, in the phenomena of low fertility, the market in babies and children will be important in the future. This research wants to start from the existing web-video and web-communication technology and figures out the new ways to apply this technology in parent-baby communication or interaction. As one of the device in web-vision technology, web-camera is the device that being chosen to use in this research. Apply this technology in parent-baby communication. Let family realistically use this device, and have an interview to understand the experience that family use this device. After the interview, analyze the result and find possible way that applying this web-vision technology in parent-baby communication. Finally, use existing business models to think new application, and explore the innovation application of web-camera in parent-baby communication.
Effect of Age on Superimposition of Head-Up Display
Authors: Man Kim Ji , Oh hyungjun , Hwangbo Hwan , Gu Ji Yong
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we investigate the effect on superimposition of the HUD (Head-Up Display) in a driving environment. The semi-transparent properties of HUD lead to the superimposition which means the overlap between HUD’s graphics and an environmental object. Especially, the elderly may have difficulties with driving in a HUD environment because of their loss of cognitive and physical capability. Therefore, we performed the experiment to investigate the effect of age on superimposition in a HUD environment. Participants (elderly, non-elderly) performed the driving task in high and low superimposition level (two simulated road conditions). The result showed that each group’s glance duration was significantly increased in a HUD environment. Moreover, the elderly’s glance duration showed more increasing in a HUD environment than the non-elderly.
Measurement Magic to Deliver Hair Beauty
Authors: Nakao Yoshiko , Kato Emiko
Published: February 2022

We developed the method to evaluate hair beauty in terms of hair volume and hair alignment for development of hair care products. Optical Sectioning Method (OSM) based on laser triangulation was applied to measure 3D images of hair samples, and difference of volume control and ability of hair management was sensitively distinguished among hair care conditioners, which 2D imaging could not achieve. Here we introduce you to the OSM to measure hair volume and amount of frizzy hair. .
Emotion and Interface Design
Authors: Lockner Damien , Bonnardel Nathalie
Published: February 2022

Traditionally, human-computer interaction is conceived and assessed through the restrictive scope of usability. Although this approach has led to an overall improvement of the interfaces ease-of-use, it should now be overstepped. The question of the positive affect of users has become crucial for the interface project stakeholders. Our research is mostly turned towards applied perspectives. Our general hypothesis is that design strategies may affect positively the user, and influence a better attractiveness of the interface. Our objective is to define good design practices by assessing a set of emotional design patterns. In a first section, we will report an interview session with designers in order to identify any pattern of design for an emotional interface. Then, we will present and discuss a method to measure user’s emotion during an interface interaction experience. The experimental setup gathers screen records, face recognition, galvanic skin response, and questionnaires. These complementary sources bring forward the behavioral, physiological, and subjective emotional responses of the user. We will discuss how these resources can be used in order to measure the emotional effect of a specific user interface.
The Elderly’s Text Entry on Smart Phones and Tablets: Challenges and Implications
Authors: Zhou Jia , Patrick Rau Gavriel Salvendyb Pei-Luen , Zhanga Jie
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate the elderly’s text entry experience on smart phones and tablets. An experiment was designed and conducted. During the experiment, 32 elders entered Chinese characters when using four applications (i.e., Contact, Microblog, Google Search, and Email) on four devices (i.e. Apple iPod Touch, Dell Streak, Samsung Galaxy Tab, and Apple iPad). They used two input methods (i.e. handwriting and typing) to enter text. The results indicated that although text entry on smart phones and tablets could avoid certain problems with feature phones (e.g. multi-tap), it also caused new problems for the elderly. They made 13 types of errors. The number and outcome of each error was recorded. This made it possible to check which error happen frequently but is easy to recover from, and which error seldom happen but is difficult to recover from. Based on the analysis of text entry errors, design suggestions were provided to improve the elderly’s text entry experience.
Should Internet of Things Be Human-like? Exploring Social Media Users’ Acceptance on Anthropomorphic Internet of Things
Authors: Mao Mao , Patrick Rau Pei-Luen
Published: February 2022

This study examined how anthropomorphism of the Internet of Things (IoT) influences users’ accepting IoT services. The objective was to explore uses’ mental model of IoT, and develop an IoT mental model compatible with users’. A laboratory experiment was conducted with 36 college students. The independent variables were hierarchy of things (non-hierarchy, location-based hierarchy, function-based hierarchy) and level of anthropomorphism (no anthropomorphism, language anthropomorphism only, language and appearance anthropomorphism). Users’ ratings on acceptance, trust, and satisfaction were measured after interacting with IoT systems with different characteristics of anthropomorphism. Results indicated that uses’ mental model was more compatible with the one involving anthropomorphism of language than appearance. Compared with non-hierarchical structure, users’ mental model was more compatible with structure with hierarchy, and no significant difference between functional and locational hierarchy was observed.
Personalizable Vehicle User Interfaces for Better User Experience
Authors: Jörgen Normark Carl
Published: February 2022

In earlier research it has been shown that a personalizable product, one that is flexible and can be tailored to suit the users’ needs, can offer a closer, more emotional and personal attachment to the product that affects the way the product is used and experienced. The possibility to personalize a product can increase both user experience of the product and usability, since unwanted functions and appearance related features can be removed and other features more usable and relevant to the user can be chosen. The objective of this paper is to show that the possibility to personalize a product is beneficial for users emotional responses towards the product. In this paper data from a study that used experience prototyping to study what happens if computerized interface personalization features are brought into the vehicle context. Twenty participants participated in a study, where a personalizable vehicle driver interface prototype was evaluated with a number of methods, for example interviews and Microsoft product reaction cards. The interface prototype was integrated in a high fidelity driving simulator and the participants interacted with the system both while driving the simulator and while standing still in order to be in the right context for increased ecological validity. All of the participants would, to some extent, like to use a system like this in their own cars. The possibility to make a product ones’ own with a personal touch was important for many participants. This makes the users feel better and the product funnier and more entertaining to use. The usefulness and flexibility of the system was the most salient features and about 22% of the words best describing the users experience with the interface were related to their emotional experiences. It can be concluded that personalizable vehicle interfaces can increase both the usefulness and the user experience with the product.
Eliciting User Experience through Rasch-Calibrated Metrics for Latent Variables
Authors: R Camargo Fabio
Published: February 2022

Measurement of affective user experience is not straightforward as it is typically to measure the physical properties of the elements that aggregate a product For this purpose, it is necessary to develop metrics associating observed user experience in the real world with a relevant latent (i.e., unobserved) attribute of the product. However, metrics for latent variables can be undermined by misinterpretation, ambiguity, unfamiliarity, bias, redundancy and multidimensionality. For this reason, anomalies in data ought to be investigated through a robust measurement theory to determine to what extent they corrupt quantitative properties. This paper shows that Rasch measurement theory, which embraces a family of probabilistic models, provides procedures referred to as calibration to test the hypothesis that the metric fulfils measurement principles. As a result, linear scales of affective user experience can be aligned to physical properties of products, allowing generalization of comparisons beyond the particular sample under which a particular product experience was observed.
Reconciling Affective and Ergonomic Objectives of Product Design
Authors: Coates Del
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a methodology for optimizing the pleasurable affects of a product's design without mitigating ergonomic imperatives. Drawn from well-established principles of psychology and information science, it has been developed and applied in both educational and professional settings. A designer employs it by manipulating just four of a product's visual properties: contrast (objective information); novelty (subjective information); and two properties called objective concinnity and subjective concinnity that facilitate a viewer's ability to process the design's inherent information quickly enough to derive affective pleasure and/or ergonomic benefit from it.
Emotional Engineering and PLM
Authors: Fukuda Shuichi
Published: February 2022

Quickly increasing diversification and frequent and extensive changes in our environments and situations call for new frameworks for Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and Mass Customization and Personalization (MCP) and their effective integration.\This paper points out that if we introduce modular design and manufacturing and if we divide modules into functional ones and emotionally appealing ones, we can reduce time, cost and energy considerably, because we can substantially minimize modular diversifications and at the same time can increase emotional satisfaction of our customers.
Emergence of Self Awareness Using Shared Knowledge
Authors: Okubo Masashi
Published: February 2022

Because of the progress of Internet and search engine represented by Google, the value of idea is increasing instead of the value of knowledge. Mind Maps are the famous and useful method to support imagination and association. However, to make the Mind Maps by oneself causes the partial knowledge and idea. From this viewpoint, we have proposed the idea generation support system by using the shared knowledge made by the colleagues who have same background and Google Suggest. To investigate the effectiveness of shared knowledge and Google Suggest on the idea generation, we performed a couple of experiments. As a result, the performance by using the proposed system with shared knowledge was superior to others, and also the subjects tend to prefer the proposed system with shared knowledge.