bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Get It in Writing (If You Can): Regulating Foreign Communities in Tokugawa Japan
Authors: Fuyuko Matsukata , Batts Joshua
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This article proposes “capitulations” and “contracts” as a framework for reassessing how the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1868) regulated foreign merchants. Capitulations are an established subject of study in other contexts, but this work brings the concept to bear on early modern Japan. Comparing documents exchanged with the Chinese, Dutch, English, Portuguese, and Spanish communities in the seventeenth century, we find that Tokugawa capitulations changed in form and content. Initial Tokugawa capitulations to the Dutch and other newly arriving foreign communities provided assurances in the form of written orders carrying the shogun’s personal seal. But in time guarantees of privileges direct from the shogun yielded to the issuance of restrictions that were communicated orally and put to paper (if at all) by lower-ranking officials. Later contracts made with the Dutch East India Company were agreed between local merchants and Company merchants, likely without the involvement of authorities. Together, capitulations—organizing relations between hegemons and merchants, and contracts—organizing trade among merchants, fulfilled many of the functions later assumed by commercial treaties. Using this conceptual framework helps integrate Tokugawa Japan into the broader historiography exploring how early modern regimes engaged with commercial actors straddling multiple polities during intensifying long-distance trade.
Dialectal Development and Comparison: Norwegian Dialects in the United States and Norway
Authors: White Helen
Published: November 2024

Abstract: While a large body of scholarly literature on the influence of English on American Norwegian exists, the present report focuses on the impact Norwegian dialects, which vary vastly from one another, have had on each other in the postimmigration period during the twentieth century. This report on Norwegian dialects is contextualized within previous research on Norwegian, both in Norway and in North America. Using original interview recordings of heritage Norwegian speakers created by Terje Joranger and Odd Lovoll and interview transcripts from the Corpus of American Nordic Speech, a comparative dataset was created in order to analyze dialectal change over generations. The report focuses on three features of dialect variability in Norwegian that served as a proxy to determine dialectal membership: first and third pronoun use, the negation adverb, and question words. In synthesizing the information from this dataset and comparing research to modern scholarship, the findings aligned with previous research that heritage Norwegian has undergone an incomplete koinéization process that was interrupted by the language shift to English. At the end of this report, I discuss the possibility that modern Norwegian may be headed in a more leveled direction as well.
Literary Adaptation and Digital Humanities: Laurence Sterne and Sterneana
Authors: Newbould Mary , Williams Helen
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Literary afterlives occupied a significant place in the cultural life of the eighteenth century and the Romantic period. Laurence Sterne's work, especially Tristram Shandy and A Sentimental Journey , attracted diverse and extensive adaptation in various forms and media, collectively known as "Sterneana." Digital Humanities initiatives have provided unprecedented opportunities for exploring literary afterlives, bringing obscure and rare materials to light that enrich understanding of adaptation as a broad phenomenon and its role in this period. This article discusses online resources that bring Sterne-related material to new audiences, focusing on Laurence Sterne and Sterneana, a dataset hosted by Cambridge Digital Library.
The Romantic Melodrama Project: Or, Playbills! Performance!! Metadata!!!
Authors: Gamer Michael , Holahan Cassidy , Parker Deven
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Our forum piece on the Romantic Melodrama Project describes how the digitization of playbill data can open up new avenues of understanding the history of the stage by foregrounding the relationships between key performance factors. In tracking melodrama—a cluster of performance modes appearing under a single rubric—our project seeks to ask specific questions about the genre (its growth and dissemination, its pricing, its practices and attractions) but also about the theatrical culture of Britain itself.
Money, Violence and Power: Towards Understanding the South African Minibus Taxi Industry
Authors: Seftel Lisa
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The article seeks to add to the understanding of the South African minibus taxi industry, where violence plays a central role in enabling accumulation and regulating order. Qualitative interviews, reviews of documents and participant observations show how different parts of the minibus taxi industry benefit from, or are disadvantaged by, their respective positions within the industry and their relationship with the broader motor vehicle sector and state. It focuses on how little impact state policies and interventions have had over the forty years of the existence of the minibus taxi industry. Instead of becoming a blueprint for black middle-class formation, relatively few individuals – called taxi bosses – who resemble the mafia within the taxi industry and parts of the formal private sector and the state have benefited from the development of a particular set of extra-legal, social, economic and political relations. In contrast, the majority of taxi drivers and owners of taxi vehicles continue to be marginalised from achieving decent livelihoods and accumulating wealth, while commuters are not provided with safe and affordable public transport.
Immigrant birds learn from socially observed differences in payoffs when their environment changes
Authors: Chimento Michael , Alarcón-Nieto Gustavo , Aplin Lucy M.
Published: November 2024

Longstanding theory predicts that strategic flexibility in when and how to use social information can help individuals make adaptive decisions, especially when environments are temporally or spatially variable. A short-term increase in reliance on social information under these conditions has been experimentally shown in primates, including humans, but whether this occurs in other taxa is unknown. We asked whether migration between spatially variable environments affected social information use with a large-scale cultural diffusion experiment with wild great tits (Parus major) in captivity, a small passerine bird that can socially learn novel behaviors. We simulated an immigration event where knowledgeable birds were exchanged between groups with opposing preferences for a socially learned foraging puzzle, living in similar or different environments. We found evidence that both immigrants and residents were influenced by social information and attended to the rewards that others received. Our analysis supported the use of a payoff-biased social learning by immigrants when both resources and habitat features were spatially variable. In contrast, immigrants relied more-so on individual learning when payoffs or the environment were unchanged. In summary, our results suggest that great tits assess the payoffs others receive and are more influenced by socially observed differences in payoffs when environmental cues differ in their new environment. Our results provide experimental support for the hypothesis that spatial variability is a strong driver for the evolution of social learning strategies.
Decrease in decision noise from adolescence into adulthood mediates an increase in more sophisticated choice behaviors and performance gain
Authors: Scholz Vanessa , Waltmann Maria , Herzog Nadine , Horstmann Annette , Deserno Lorenz
Published: November 2024

Learning and decision-making undergo substantial developmental changes, with adolescence being a particular vulnerable window of opportunity. In adolescents, developmental changes in specific choice behaviors have been observed (e.g., goal-directed behavior, motivational influences over choice). Elevated levels of decision noise, i.e., choosing suboptimal options, were reported consistently in adolescents. However, it remains unknown whether these observations, the development of specific and more sophisticated choice processes and higher decision noise, are independent or related. It is conceivable, but has not yet been investigated, that the development of specific choice processes might be impacted by age-dependent changes in decision noise. To answer this, we examined 93 participants (12 to 42 years) who completed 3 reinforcement learning (RL) tasks: a motivational Go/NoGo task assessing motivational influences over choices, a reversal learning task capturing adaptive decision-making in response to environmental changes, and a sequential choice task measuring goal-directed behavior. This allowed testing of (1) cross-task generalization of computational parameters focusing on decision noise; and (2) assessment of mediation effects of noise on specific choice behaviors. Firstly, we found only noise levels to be strongly correlated across RL tasks. Second, and critically, noise levels mediated age-dependent increases in more sophisticated choice behaviors and performance gain. Our findings provide novel insights into the computational processes underlying developmental changes in decision-making: namely a vital role of seemingly unspecific changes in noise in the specific development of more complex choice components. Studying the neurocomputational mechanisms of how varying levels of noise impact distinct aspects of learning and decision processes may also be key to better understand the developmental onset of psychiatric diseases.
Changing climates, changing lives: Voices of a Brazilian Amazon farming community in a time of climate crisis
Authors: Monteverde Corrie , Quandt Amy , Gilberto de Souza Ribeiro João , De Sales Fernando
Published: November 2024

This study examines the lived experiences and adaptation strategies of small-scale farmers in the southwestern Brazilian Amazonian state of Rondônia, amidst escalating climate challenges. Through nine in-depth interviews, it uncovers the impact of unpredictable weather, increased temperatures, and shifting precipitation on agriculture and livelihoods. Participants, ranging from family farmers to agricultural collective members, detail shifts from traditional crop cultivation to more resilient practices like cattle ranching and dairy production. The narratives reveal a deep understanding of local climate volatility and its direct effects on water availability, crop viability, and livestock productivity. Farmers describe adaptation measures including new crop varieties, irrigation systems, and strategic land use to enhance biodiversity and mitigate climate change effects. Despite these adaptations, challenges like water scarcity, high input costs, and the need for technical assistance remain prominent. Farmers emphasize the need for stronger support systems, highlighting community solidarity, governmental aid, and access to sustainable technologies and education as essential for climate adaptation. They call for policies providing equitable resources and support, underscoring the importance of inclusive climate governance that acknowledges the unique vulnerabilities and contributions of Rondônia’s agricultural sector. This research contributes to understanding how climate change reshapes rural Amazonian communities, arguing that ongoing deforestation and climatic changes threaten regional agricultural stability. It advocates for targeted policy interventions to provide technical assistance for sustainable farming and climate adaptation, alongside mechanisms to support fair market pricing. These measures are essential for enhancing the resilience and sustainability of local farming communities amidst climate change.
Post-pandemic face-to-face learning environments for undergraduate students: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Garzon Diaz Karim , Villamil Duarte Angy , Velasco Forero Sandra , Herrera Jacobo Sandra
Published: November 2024

Objective

This scoping review explores the existing literature related to post-pandemic face-to-face learning environments for undergraduate students following their participation in virtual classes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The secondary objectives are focused to identify the cognitive; emotional, or communicative demands that characterize students; changes in pedagogical strategies; and primary recommendations regarding post-pandemic face-to-face education in the context of Covid-19.

Introduction

The global emergency created by the presence of COVID-19 has led to significant change in the daily lives of people worldwide, ranging from lockdowns to the proliferation of virtual channels for social interaction and learning. Interest in its effects remains relevant in various fields including social, economic, health, technological, and educational studies. The transition back to face-to-face studies in university settings requires new adjustment processes for both students and teachers, necessitating pedagogical transformations and addressing cognitive, emotional, communicative, and habituation demands. Studies on the return to face-to-face studies in university settings are relatively scarce and warrant in-depth research.

Inclusion criteria

This review will include studies completed and published in calendar years 2022 and 2024 that involve post-pandemic face-to-face learning environments for undergraduate students from any geographical area.

Methodology

This scoping review will follow the JBI methodology for conducting scoping reviews. The following databases will be used: Academic Search Complete, Inter-American Development Bank, CLACSO, and The UNESCO Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC), Dimensions, DOAB, DOAJ, ERIC, LILACS, Psicodoc, Redalyc, Redib, Scielo, Scopus, Dialnet, Web Of Science, Latindex, Google Scholar, SocArXiv. The search will aim to locate publications without language restrictions from any geographic location, including peer-reviewed articles, grey literature, preprints, technical notes, and policy reports. Three independent reviewers will screen, retrieve and review full-text studies and extract data. Consensus will be sought in the event of disagreement. The search results will be presented in the PRISMA-ScR flowchart. A narrative summary will also be included (Tricco AC 2018).

Trial registration

Registration of systematic reviews: Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6P9QB)
Hyper-induction of IL-6 after TLR1/2 stimulation in calves with bovine respiratory disease
Authors: Reid Cian , Donlon John , Remot Aude , Kennedy Emer , De Matteis Giovanna , O’Farrelly Cliona , McAloon Conor , Meade Kieran G.
Published: November 2024

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a leading cause of mortality and compromised welfare in bovines. It is a polymicrobial syndrome resulting from a complex interplay of viral and bacterial pathogens with environmental factors. Despite the availability of vaccines, incidence and severity in young calves remains unabated. A more precise analysis of host innate immune responses during infection will identify improved diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early intervention and targeted treatments to prevent severe disease and loss of production efficiency. Here, we investigate hematological and innate immune responses using standardized ex-vivo whole blood assays in calves diagnosed with BRD. A total of 65 calves were recruited for this study, all between 2–8 weeks of age with 28 diagnosed with BRD by a thoracic ultrasonography score (TUS) and 19 by Wisconsin health score (WHS) and all data compared to 22 healthy controls from the same 9 study farms. Haematology revealed circulating immune cell populations were similar in both TUS positive and WHS positive calves compared to healthy controls. Gene expression analysis of 48 innate immune signalling genes in whole blood stimulated with TLR ligands was completed in a subset of calves. TLR1/2 stimulation with Pam3CSK4 showed a decreased pattern of expression in IL-1 and inflammasome related genes in addition to chemokine genes in calves with BRD. In response to TLR ligands LPS, Pam3CSK4 and R848, protein analysis of supernatant collected from all calves with BRD revealed significantly increased IL-6, but not IL-1β or IL-8, compared to healthy controls. This hyper-induction of IL-6 was observed most significantly in response to TLR1/2 stimulation in TUS positive calves. ROC analysis identified this induced IL-6 response to TLR1/2 stimulation as a potential diagnostic for BRD with a 74% true positive and 5% false positive detection rate for an IL-6 concentration >1780pg/mL. Overall, these results show altered immune responses specifically upon TLR1/2 activation is associated with BRD pathology which may contribute to disease progression. We have also identified induced IL-6 as a potentially informative biomarker for improved early intervention strategies for BRD.
“Are you listening?”: Experiences shared online by family caregivers of patients in the palliative phase during the Covid-19-pandemic
Authors: Hoffstädt Hinke E. , Verhoef Mary-Joanne , Akkermans Aranka , van der Steen Jenny T. , Stoppelenburg Arianne , de Vries Sita , de Graaf Everlien , Teunissen Saskia C. C. M. , Hartog Iris D. , van der Linden Yvette M.
Published: November 2024

Objectives

In palliative care, it is important for family caregivers to spend time with and care for the patient, and to receive (in)formal support. These elements were compromised during the Covid-19-pandemic. This study investigates what family caregivers of non-Covid-19-patients in the palliative phase shared online during the first wave of the pandemic, and what their communicative intentions were with posting online.

Methods

To investigate what family caregivers shared online, a reflexive thematic analysis was performed on online newspaper articles and posts on Twitter, Facebook and online forums. To investigate family caregivers’ communicative intentions with social media posts, content analysis was conducted guided by Speech Act Theory.

Results

In total, 412 posts and articles were included, the majority being Tweets (86.7%). Four themes were constructed: 1) ‘Being out of touch’, 2) ‘Fear, worries and uncertainties, 3) ‘Disbelief, anger and resistance’, and 4) ‘Understanding, acceptance and gratitude’. Family caregivers felt overwhelmed with anger, sadness and anxiety, yet some expressing milder or positive attitudes towards the new circumstances. Family caregivers mostly posted online to share their personal experiences and emotions, and to express their opinions about the restrictions.

Conclusions

The pandemic had distinct implications for family caregivers of non-Covid-19-patients in the palliative phase. In future similar circumstances, restrictions should be tailored to individual conditions and interventions should be in place to facilitate contact between patients, family caregivers and healthcare professionals and to support family caregivers.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on delirium incidence in Ontario long-term care homes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kennedy Lydia , Hirdes John P. , Heckman George , Searle Samuel D. , McArthur Caitlin
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To describe delirium incidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine factors associated with delirium incidence in the long-term care setting.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of Ontario long-term care residents without severe cognitive impairment or baseline delirium with an assessment between February 1, 2019, and March 31, 2021. Data were collected from the interRAI Minimum Data Set (MDS) 2.0. The outcome of interest was delirium development. Selected independent variables were entered into univariate longitudinal generalized estimating equations, followed by multivariate analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported.

Results

A total of 63,913 residents were included within the comparison sample from February 2019 to February 2020. The pandemic sample consisted of 54,867 residents from March 2020 to March 2021. Incidence of delirium in the comparison sample was 3.4% (2158 residents) compared to 3.2% (1746 residents) in the pandemic sample (P = 0.06). Residents who were older, cognitively impaired, and increasingly frail had greater odds of developing delirium. Increased odds were associated with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07–1.51) and anxiolytic use (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01–1.25). Residents who were newly admitted (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.60–0.71) and those dependent for activities of daily living (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33–0.64) had lower odds of delirium development.

Conclusions and implications

The incidence of delirium did not differ between the year prior to and the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating that preventative interventions employed by long-term care homes may have been effective. Long-term care residents who are older, frail, cognitively impaired, or had unstable health would benefit from targeted interventions to prevent delirium. Newly admitted residents or those dependent in activities of daily living had lower odds of developing delirium, which could indicate under detection in these groups.
NS1-mediated DNMT1 degradation regulates human bocavirus 1 replication and RNA processing
Authors: Qin Shuangkang , Chen Honghe , Tian Chuchu , Chen Zhen , Zuo Li , Zhang Xueyan , Hao Haojie , Huang Fang , Liu Haibin , Sun Xiulian , Guan Wuxiang
Published: November 2024

Methylation of the DNA genome plays an important role in viral gene inactivation. However, the role of DNA methylation in human bocavirus (HBoV) remains unclear. In this study, the HBoV1 genomic DNA was found extensively methylated at the CHG and CHH sites. Inhibiting DNA methylation with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC) altered the methylation status and reduced viral DNA production, while enhanced the RNA splicing at D1 and D3 sites and the polyadenylation at the proximal polyadenylation site, (pA)p. Knockdown of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) had the same effect on viral DNA synthesis and RNA processing as the DAC treatment, indicating that DNMT1 is the major host methyltransferase involved in viral DNA methylation. In addition, the nonstructural protein NS1 promoted DNMT1 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to regulate viral replication and RNA processing. Collectively, the results suggest that DNA methylation and DNMT1 facilitate HBoV replication and are essential for appropriate NS1 localization in the nucleus. DNMT1 degradation through NS1 promotes the virus RNA processing, leading to viral protein expression.
Tackling immunosuppression by Neisseria gonorrhoeae to facilitate vaccine design
Authors: Jones Rebekah A. , Ramirez-Bencomo Fidel , Whiting Gail , Fang Min , Lavender Hayley , Kurzyp Kacper , Thistlethwaite Angela , Stejskal Lenka , Rashmi Smruti , Jerse Ann E. , Cehovin Ana , Derrick Jeremy P. , Tang Christoph M.
Published: November 2024

Gonorrhoea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is a common sexually transmitted infection. Increasing multi-drug resistance and the impact of asymptomatic infections on sexual and reproductive health underline the need for an effective gonococcal vaccine. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Neisseria meningitidis induce modest cross-protection against gonococcal infection. However, the presence of proteins in OMVs derived from N. gonorrhoeae that manipulate immune responses could hamper their success as a vaccine. Here we modified two key immunomodulatory proteins of the gonococcus; RmpM, which can elicit ‘blocking antibodies’, and PorB, an outer membrane porin which contributes to immunosuppression. As meningococcal PorB has adjuvant properties, we replaced gonococcal PorB with a meningococcal PorB. Immunisation with OMVs from N. gonorrhoeae lacking rmpM and expressing meningococcal porB elicited higher antibody titres against model antigens in mice compared to OMVs with native PorB. Further, a gonococcal protein microarray revealed stronger IgG antibody responses to a more diverse range of antigens in the Nm PorB OMV immunised group. Finally, meningococcal PorB OMVs resulted in a Th1-skewed response, exemplified by increased serum IgG2a antibody responses and increased IFNɣ production by splenocytes from immunised mice. In summary, we demonstrate that the replacement of PorB in gonococcal OMVs enhances immune responses and offers a strategy for gonococcal vaccine development.
Análisis de iniciativas internacionales en alfabetización en datos
Authors: Avello-Martínez Raidell , Gajderowicz Tomasz , Gómez-Rodríguez Víctor G. , Caicedo Quiroz Rosangela , Barzola Monteses Julio
Published: November 2024

El artículo examina diversas iniciativas de alfabetización en datos a nivel mundial y su aplicación en la educación superior. Resalta la importancia creciente de estas habilidades en la era digital, enfocándose en cómo los programas existentes, como DaLI y ADILT, abordan aspectos específicos del manejo y análisis de datos. Sin embargo, se identifica una carencia de programas integrales en universidades, particularmente en regiones como Latinoamérica. En respuesta, se propone un programa de alfabetización en datos basado en el marco DigComp 2.2, incluyendo cursos, talleres y recursos de autoaprendizaje, destinado a satisfacer las necesidades de estudiantes, docentes e investigadores. Este programa busca cerrar las brechas detectadas y promover una formación más holística y adaptada a los desafíos del siglo XXI.
Competencia Digital Docente: desafíos para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales a partir de un proyecto de innovación educativa
Authors: Morote Seguido Álvaro Francisco , Colomer Rubio Juan Carlos
Published: November 2024

El siguiente trabajo presenta la base conceptual de un Proyecto de Innovación Educativa (PID) de integración de la Competencia Digital con las Competencias Sociales y Ciudadanas propias del área de Geografía-Historia. En esa línea, se describen las líneas conceptuales del proyecto: “Tecnología educativa y didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales: recursos y estrategias para la mejora de la Competencia Digital Docente” (TECSOCO), que cuenta con la participación de diferentes universidades españolas y europeas para su desarrollo en el curso 2024-2025. Este proyecto plantea un análisis del nivel competencial del profesorado en formación que se complementa con la propuesta de actividades que permitan el desarrollo de las competencias específicas de las materias de la Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, así como el desafío que supone el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para la elaboración y evaluación de materiales y recursos docentes. Junto con ello, el presente trabajo aporta el diseño de una rúbrica de evaluación docente de recursos y actividades basados en herramientas tecnológicas por parte del alumnado.
MAGNETIC AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF ALL-D METAL MN-NI-TI HEUSLER ALLOYS
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Sokolovskiy V.V. , Buchelnikov V.D. , Cong D. ,   Beijing University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
Published: November 2024

The paper presents a theoretical study of the effect of different atomic and magnetic orderings on the structural and magnetic properties of Mn2Ni1+xTi1-x alloys, which are composed entirely of transition metals. Using the density functional theory, we predict the structural ground states and magnetic reference states of compounds with x = 0, 0,25, 0,5, and 0,75 in both cubic austenite and tetragonal martensite phases. Partial substitution of Ti atoms with Ni leads to an increase in the energy barrier between structural phases, to a change from a layered atomic ordering to an alternating staggered order, and to a change from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic spin alignment in the cubic phase. All compounds with tetragonally distorted structures reveal the out-ofplane spin configuration and easy axis magnetocrystalline anisotropy except tetragonal L10 phase of Mn2NiTi. For the latter structure, easy-plane magnetic anisotropy is observed. The calculated values of anisotropy are comparable with those of tetragonal L10-FeNi.
Studi Bibliometrik Penelitian Kebijakan Energi Terbarukan Tahun 2019-Februari 2024
Authors: Mufatdhal Mufatdhal , Supriyadi Imam , Laksmono Rudy
Published: November 2024

Studi bibliometrik ini bertujuan untuk memetakan lanskap penelitian tentang kebijakan energi terbarukan dari tahun 2019 hingga Februari 2024 berbasiskan data Scopus. Dengan memanfaatkan perangkat lunak VosViewer untuk analisis, studi ini mengevaluasi berbagai aspek penelitian, termasuk jumlah sitasi, penulis paling produktif dan jaringan kolaborasinya, serta tren publikasi di berbagai negara dan sponsor pendanaan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Inggris memimpin dalam publikasi terkait kebijakan energi terbarukan, sementara European Commision berperan sebagai sponsor pendanaan yang paling signifikan. Peneliti paling produktif diidentifikasi sebagai Jamasb T., dengan kontribusi tujuh publikasi selama periode yang diteliti. Studi ini tidak hanya memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang status quo penelitian di bidang kebijakan energi terbarukan, tetapi juga menyoroti tren dan pola yang muncul. Temuan ini memberikan informasi penting bagi para peneliti, pembuat kebijakan, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya dalam merumuskan strategi dan arah penelitian kebijakan energi terbarukan di masa depan, serta mengidentifikasi peluang kolaborasi dan area fokus yang potensial untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut
Perbandingan Material Superkapasitor Berbasis Karbon dan Oksida Logam untuk Optimalisasi Penyimpanan Energi dalam Aplikasi Sistem Energi Terbarukan: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Putra Nurul Aziz Eka , Ferdiyanto Syahrul Aldi , Qunefi Fuat , Adelyadi Jihan
Published: November 2024

Kebutuhan akan solusi penyimpanan energi yang efisien dan berkelanjutan semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan sistem energi terbarukan. Superkapasitor, yang dikenal karena kepadatan daya dan stabilitas siklusnya, menjadi komponen penting dalam teknologi ini. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan membandingkan material berbasis karbon dan oksida logam pada superkapasitor, dengan fokus pada optimalisasi performa penyimpanan energi. Melalui pendekatan sistematis, kajian ini menelaah karakteristik utama dari kedua jenis material, termasuk densitas energi, daya tahan siklus, kestabilan termal, dan potensi biaya. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa material berbasis karbon cenderung memiliki keunggulan pada kepadatan daya dan siklus hidup, sementara oksida logam menawarkan kapasitas penyimpanan yang lebih tinggi tetapi rentan terhadap degradasi. Analisis ini memberikan wawasan mengenai kelebihan dan batasan tiap material, yang dapat menjadi panduan dalam pemilihan material superkapasitor untuk aplikasi pada energi terbarukan. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pengembangan superkapasitor yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.
Partisipasi Politik Perempuan Dalam Diskursus Pemilukada Di Provinisi Lampung
Authors: Lestari Suci Indah
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tren partisipasi politik perempuan dalam wacana pemilukada di Provinsi Lampung. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan kajian pustaka dari sumber resmi seperti lembaga pemerintah, lembaga swadaya masyarakat, dan lembaga penelitian. Teori keterwakilan perempuan milik Jones dan Smith menyebutkan bahwa peningkatan dalam politik akan menghasilkan kebijakan yang lebih inklusif dan tata kelola yang lebih baik. Namun hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi politik perempuan dalam wacana pemilukada di Provinsi Lampung mengalami tren menurun dan terus menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Kehadiran perempuan dlalam desain politik masih terbatas dan minim, terutama karena adanya batasan yang diberlakukan oleh kaum laki-laki dalam strukur partai politik. beberapa faktor penghambat antara lain hambatan sosial budaya, terbatasnya akses ruang pendidikan dan informasi politik, sempitnya peluang dan kurang sumber daya serta sistem kebijakan pendukung yang menciptakan kesenjangan gender. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai hak dan peran keterwakilan perempuan dalam politik lokal dan memotivasi perempuan untuk aktif terlibat dalam aktivitas politik.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BEBAN TERHADAP EFISIENSI DAN SUSUT UMUR TRANSFORMATOR KERING 630KVA DI MODA RAYA TERPADU JAKARTA
Authors: Adami Raja Ali , Irianto Chairul Gagarin , Sari Tyas Kartika , Kasim Ishak
Published: November 2024

Kehandalan suatu sistem tenaga listrik ditentukan juga oleh peralatan dalam sistem tenaga listrik. Salah satu peralatan sistem tenaga listrik yang sangat penting fungsinya adalah transformator yang digunakan untuk operasioal di Moda Raya Terpadu Jakarta yaitu Transformator berjenis kering. Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk menganalisis penyusutan umur, pengaruh beban terhadap masa pakai, besarnya efisiensi dan menganalisis pengaruh pembebanan yang berlangsung pada transformator kering di stasiun MRT Lebak Bulus dan stasiun MRT Fatmawati. Penelitian ini mencakup banyak metode penelitian dengan menghitung rasio pembebanan, suhu transformator, penyusutan umur selama 24 jam serta % susut umur transformator sehingga dapat diketahui hasil sisa umur transformator. Persentase pembebanan yang didaptkan distasiun MRT Lebak Bulus dengan hasil terendah hingga tertinggi mencapai 10,57% LWBP dan 16,64% WBP sedangkan persentase pembebanan stasiun MRT Fatmawati memiliki hasil lebih tinggi yaitu 9,95% LWBP dan 18,25% WBP. Hasil penyusutan umur Stasiun MRT Lebak Bulus sebesar 0,05925% dengan sisa usia pakai transformator kering selama 14,1945 tahun. Hasil penyusutan umur transformator kering pada stasiun MRT Fatmawati sebesar 0,06% dengan sisa usia transformator kering selama 14,19 tahun. Hasil perhitungan yang didapatkan yaitu Efisisensi pada transformator kering stasiun MRT Fatmawati lebih besar dengan hasil rata-rata 96,94% dan efisiensi yang didapat pada stasiun MRT Lebak Bulus adalah 96,99%.
Análisis distributivo del impacto de la pandemia del covid-19 en la calidad de la educación en Colombia
Authors: Montes Rojas Gabriel , Cerquera Oscar Hernan
Published: November 2024

Este artículo estudia la evolución y los determinantes de la calidad de la educación en Colombia durante los años 2017 (antes) y 2021 (durante la pandemia), con el propósito de evaluar el impacto del covid-19 sobre el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Para ello, se empleó el método de descomposición propuesto por Firpo et al. (2007, 2011) que permite analizar los factores que determinan el diferencial en el rendimiento académico a través del cálculo de descomposiciones contrafactuales para toda la distribución del rendimiento académico; en particular se analizaron los cuantiles 10, 30, 50, 70 y 90. Se encontró que la pandemia afectó el rendimiento académico de todos los estudiantes en general, pero en especial, a los estudiantes de la parte baja de la distribución. Con ello se comprueba la hipótesis de que el desmejoramiento en las características socioeconómicas, familiares y personales de los estudiantes empeoró las desigualdades educativas existentes.
Bank-Specific Factors Influencing the Profitability of Listed Commercial Banks in Vietnam
Authors: Dao Thi Huong , Nguyen Theanh
Published: November 2024

This research examines the impact of bank-specific financial factors on the Return on Average Assets (ROAA) of commercial banks in Vietnam. The results indicate that Off-Balance Sheet activities (OBS), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Bank Size (SIZE) positively influence ROAA. OBS presents profit generation opportunities contingent on careful risk management. A higher NIM reflects profitability from the interest rate spread, while a larger bank size enables diversification of operations and risk reduction. Conversely, Credit Balance (CB) negatively impacts ROAA as increased credit exposure can lead to credit risk and reduced profitability. Factors such as the Cost-to-Income Ratio (CIR), Non-Performing Loan ratio (NPL), and Loan Loss Reserves (LLR) do not significantly affect ROAA. The article emphasizes the importance of credit risk and market risk management to ensure the long-term sustainability and growth of commercial banks in Vietnam. Future research directions could focus on further exploring management and organizational factors, the impact of financial technology on financial performance, and the influence of customer behavior on bank profitability. Additionally, studies could consider macroeconomic factors such as global economic fluctuations and monetary policy to better understand the financial environment and support banks in developing more sustainable growth strategies.
Leaders Matter: the Regional Integration in Central Asia
Authors: Kazhenova Aigul
Published: November 2024

After dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Central Asian countries aimed to develop regional integration. Despite declarations of the states to enhance economic and political cooperation, the Central Asian integration institution was dissolved in 2005. This paper analyses the issue of regional integration in Central Asia with application of intergovernmentalism by Stanley Hoffmann with the aim of explaining hindrances which led to dissolution of the Central Asian integration structure. that divergent views of Presidents of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan significantly hindered the development of the regional integration.
Jak język wpływa na kontakt z administracją? Czyli o (nie)zrozumiałości języka urzędowego w ujęciu komparatystycznym
Authors: Skurzak Zuzanna
Published: November 2024

Język urzędowy, podobnie jak język naturalny, którego część stanowi, ulega ciągłym zmianom, zgodnie z tendencjami właściwymi dla języka jako takiego. Przykładem takiej tendencji jest prosty język, którego pionierem jest Szwecja z tradycją klarspråk. Postulat upraszczania języka w przestrzeni publicznej nie bez powodu stał się przyczynkiem do wprowadzania podobnych inicjatyw w innych krajach, w tym w Polsce. Daje to niepowtarzalną okazję do sprawdzenia, czy zbieżny w założeniach teoretycznych postulat jest tak samo realizowany w Szwecji i w Polsce. W poszukiwaniu ewentualnych podobieństw i różnic teoretycznych warto przyjrzeć się podstawom prawnym dla użycia prostego języka w kontakcie z administracją w Polsce i w Szwecji, do czego zostanie wykorzystana metoda dogmatyczna. Następnie, zgodnie z metodą porównawczą, zestawiono polskie i szwedzkie przykłady zastosowania prostego języka w praktyce. Celem opisanych porównań jest ustalenie, czy sposób realizacji teoretycznych założeń klarspråk jest zbieżny w obu krajach oraz w jaki sposób wpływa on na zrozumiałość tekstów, które trafiają do ostatecznego adresata. To bowiem jego perspektywa czyni przedmiotowe badanie szczególnie istotnym, ponieważ zrozumiałość języka urzędowego codziennie przekłada się na sytuację niebagatelnej liczby obywateli, a zaproponowane w artykule niewielkie zmiany mogą znacząco ułatwić ich interakcję z administracją.
Status prawny parlamentarzystów w kontekście współczesnej polityki Królestwa Hiszpanii
Authors: Trzcionkowska Justyna
Published: November 2024

Przedmiotem artykułu są rozważania na temat prawnego statusu hiszpańskich parlamentarzystów. Omówiono hiszpański proces wyborów parlamentarnych oraz istotę mandatów deputowanych i senatorów. W opracowaniu odniesiono się do tradycji konstytucyjnych panujących w Królestwie Hiszpanii – porównano dawne uregulowania ze współcześnie obowiązującymi. Jednocześnie zawrócono uwagę na podstawowe zasady konstytucjonalizmu hiszpańskiego. Przeanalizowano ponadto rolę, działalność oraz wpływ parlamentarzystów hiszpańskich w kontekście kształtowania się współczesnej polityki Hiszpanii.
Niedopuszczalność abolicji indywidualnej w polskim porządku prawnym
Authors: Woelke Hubert
Published: November 2024

Opracowanie ma na celu zgłębienie istoty instytucji ułaskawienia w obecnie obowiązującym polskim porządku prawnym, określenie jej miejsca w systemie prawnym, zbadanie jej konstrukcji i celów. Przedmiotowe rozważania są przy tym związane z konkretnym i niezwykle istotnym, a przy tym kontrowersyjnym, przypadkiem zastosowania prawa łaski przez prezydenta. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono zatem zbadaniu pod kątem prawnym prawidłowości takiego działania. Ponieważ konsekwencje zastosowania ułaskawienia w tenże sposób są w sposób szczególny związane ze zjawiskiem instrumentalizacji prawa, dokonano ponadto analizy zjawiska również w tym zakresie.
Global Disinformation Campaigns and International Law: Analyzing the Cases of Lisa and Confederation to Navigate the Complexities of Balancing Human Rights and National Security
Authors: Kowalewski Jakub
Published: November 2024

In the digital age, global disinformation campaigns are becoming a fundamental challenge that accompanies almost every conflict in international relations. The widespread adoption and development of such operations, especially those utilizing generative artificial intelligence, is inevitable. The article defines disinformation and locates it in the grid of near concepts. The author presents the ongoing conflict between the conduct of international actors and human rights, considering disinformation from the perspective of its adverse effects seen in their direct and indirect dimensions – through the consequences of the need to protect the national security of the targeted actors. Possible classification of the conduct of disinformation campaigns within the framework of public international law is also described and evaluated.
Poczucie tożsamości (przynależności) narodowej a wolność artystyczna (swoboda twórcza) – kolizja dóbr osobistych i próba jej rozwiązania
Authors: Reysner Marta
Published: November 2024

Celem pracy jest rozważenie możliwości rozwiązania kolizji między poczuciem tożsamości narodowej a wolnością artystyczną, dobrami osobistymi o różnym stopniu ugruntowania na płaszczyźnie orzeczniczej i doktrynalnej. Na znaczenie podejmowanej problematyki wpływa fakt, że tematyka dóbr osobistych z perspektywy dobra osobistego w postaci poczucia tożsamości narodowej dopiero od niedawna jest obiektem badawczym rozważań doktrynalnych. Na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz orzecznictwa wskazane zostały dwa sposoby usunięcia kolizji praw podmiotowych, tj. zasada pierwszeństwa oraz zasada redukcji. Zaproponowany model wskazuje na słuszność rozstrzygania kolizji na kanwie zasady proporcjonalnej redukcji kolidujących ze sobą praw, przy czym orzeczenie sądu powinno opierać się na wartościach zgodnych z aksjologią konstytucyjną oraz uwzględniać działanie art. 31 ust. 3 Konstytucji RP.
Tarifverträge zu mobiler Arbeit
Authors: Dittmar Nele
Published: November 2024

Mobiles Arbeiten, unterstützt durch digitale Technologien, ist spätestens seit der Corona-Pandemie ein wichtiges Thema in Debatten und Praxis der Arbeitswelt. Mobile Arbeit birgt Chancen aus Beschäftigten- und Unternehmenssicht, ebenso wie Herausforderungen und potenzielle Belastungen. Vor dem Hintergrund der Herausforderungen, die die Gestaltung mobilen Arbeitens für betriebliche Akteure darstellt, beleuchtet dieser Beitrag, ob und wie mobiles Arbeiten in Deutschland in Tarifverträgen reguliert wird. Es zeigt sich, dass die Tarifparteien diese Facette der Digitalisierung der Arbeitswelt tarifpolitisch aufgreifen und gestalten – wenngleich einige Konfliktpunkte in Bezug auf mobiles Arbeiten den Betriebsparteien zur Lösung überlassen werden.
Compiling Kabbalistic Secrets after the Spanish Expulsion
Authors: Abrams Daniel
Published: November 2024

This study offers a bibliographic history of the manuscript evidence and printed editions of the compilation Shushan Sodot, arranged by Moshe of Kyiv (1449–c. 1520). Positioned within a larger inquiry of numbered compilations of short-form texts of Jewish esoteric literature, Shushan Sodot is one of the largest and most well-known compilations. Following a review of scholarship, the study describes the features of various manuscripts, including those in Byzantine and Spanish script and those produced in later Ashkenazi script. It then focuses on the circulation of a particular format of the text copied by a scribe, with these copies now housed in collections at YIVO and the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. The manuscripts produced in early modern Ashkenazi script were copied from the YIVO manuscript, which also served the printers in Koretz who edited and abbreviated its contents to their tastes. The article concludes with suggestions about how and why this compilation was so well-received in Ashkenazi reading communities and how it became a staple of Jewish esoteric literature in the early modern period.
Sefer Razi’el ha-Mal’akh
– A Conduit of Medieval Ashkenazi Culture
Authors: Idel Moshe
Published: November 2024

This essay examines Sefer Razi’el ha-Mal’akh, a complex work reflecting diverse textual sources and literary layers, as a crucial channel for transmitting early esoteric traditions in Ashkenazi religious culture. It emphasizes the »nominal register« related to the exegesis and uses of divine names as a key part of the Ashkenazi esoteric tradition. The popularity of Sefer Razi’el ha-Mal’akh in Ashkenaz, especially during the Hasidic renaissance, highlights the essential role of practical and magical mentality developed in Ashkenazi culture and traditions. Additionally, a Romanian translation of Sefer Razi’el ha-Mal’akh by Menachem Mendel Stein, who engaged in occult practices during the World War II, showcases the book’s varied reception and long durée.
Examining the effect of categorized versus uncategorized homework on test performance of general chemistry students
Authors: Cox Charles T. , Gulacar Ozcan
Published: November 2024

The study reports a comparison of two first-semester general chemistry cohorts who were provided with the same instruction and course materials, but the format for their online homework assignments differed. One cohort had homework assignments organized using a block or categorized format, in which the concepts (e.g., limiting reagents) being assessed were identified for each problem. The second cohort had homework assignments organized using an uncategorized or interleaved format in which the assessed concepts were not provided. The two cohorts completed the same tests and a standardized American Chemical Society (ACS) final exam. Students who completed the uncategorized or interleaved homework assignments scored higher than the block or categorized cohort on each of the four tests and the final exam. Statistical differences, using a 95 % confidence level, were observed on the first test and final exam.
Bayesian analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic using a Poisson process with change-points
Authors: Majidizadeh Masoud
Published: November 2024

Analyzing COVID-19 data presents a challenge in Bayesian computations of the Poisson process because the experimental conditions are not under control. This lack of homogeneity can lead to inconsistent model parameters, which violates the assumptions of Bayesian inference.
In this paper, we study the multiple change-point detection problem from this viewpoint for a non-homogeneous sample path of the Poisson process as the response variable. The rate parameters are linked to some explanatory using a generalized linear model. The number of change-points is considered to be unknown as well as their locations. We introduce a Bayesian paradigm to estimate the number and location of change-points. We also present an adaptive RJMCMC algorithm to generate pseudo-random samples from the posterior distributions.
We apply the proposed model to analyze the COVID-19 infection curves from different countries and identify patterns of cases. We also assess the efficacy of interventions, such as vaccination and public health emergency responses, implemented by different countries. The results of the analysis provide valuable insights into the spread of COVID-19 and the effectiveness of interventions.
The proposed model can be used to inform public health decision-making and help to improve the management of the pandemic.