bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emergency admission preceding malignancy diagnosis: Insights from a study at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Redha Hussain A. , Al Hatmi Kawther S. , Al-Ghaithi Safa K. , Al Zeedy Khalfan B. , Al Alawi Abdullah M.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

A considerable number of cancer patients are diagnosed following presentation at emergency department with symptoms related to their condition, yet research in this area remains scarce. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and evaluate the health outcomes of patients who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We analyzed data for patients diagnosed with cancer postemergency department presentation at a tertiary care hospital between 2015 to 2021. Data on patient characteristics, clinical features, and health outcomes was abstracted through meticulous review of the patients’ medical record. SPPS was used for data analysis. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate, were used to determine statistical significance for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Regression analysis determined factors associated with treatment and mortality. Kaplein-Meier analysis was performed to determine survival time.

RESULTS:

During the study period, 108 patients were diagnosed with new malignancies following acute medical admission. The median age of these patients was 67 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 56–75), and 58 (53.7%) of these patients were men. The most common presenting complaints were pain (55.6%), weight loss (44.4%), and poor appetite (36.1%). The median time from the onset of symptoms to hospital presentation was 30 days (IQR 8–62). The most common types of malignancies diagnosed in the study were hepatobiliary (18.5%), gastroesophageal (15.7%), and lung cancer (14.8%). Two-thirds of patients had Stage IV malignancy, and 64.81% presented with distant metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Older age (69 vs. 61.5 years; P = 0.04), lower level of general education and higher attainment (11.4% vs. 44.4%; P < 0.01), advanced malignancy stages (P < 0.01), and metastatic disease at diagnosis (75.4% vs. 44.4%; P = 0.01) were associated with higher mortality.

CONCLUSION:

Emergency presentations for newly diagnosed cancer, often seen in older patients with lower education and multiple comorbidities, were generally associated with poor survival rates owing to advanced disease with distant metastasis. Enhancing awareness of critical symptoms could improve early detection rates.
The therapeutic potential of hemp seed oil as Nasya in the management of insomnia: a literature review
Authors: Bohra Mohita , Shukla Gyanendra Datta
Published: October 2024

The significance of getting sufficient sleep for maintaining good health and wellbeing is widely known. The American Psychiatric Association classifies insomnia as the most common sleep–wake disorder characterized by difficulty with sleep quality, timing, and quantity. The residual effects and the social stigma associated with the use of sedative drugs incline patients toward seeking alternative therapy. Ayurveda presents an exhaustive elucidation of the etiology, manifestations, and therapeutic modalities concerning insomnia. Among the extensively prescribed Panchakarma (the five-fold bio-purification process) interventions for insomnia management, Nasya (instillation of oils, powders, or juices through the nasal route) holds a significant position. Nasya is considered an effective way to directly deliver medicines to the brain by bypassing the blood–brain barrier through olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways. Anandkand, an important book on Indian alchemy, mentions various formulations of hemp, including the use of hemp seed oil (Vijaya Beej Tail) for Nasya. A narrative analysis of hemp seed oil Nasya for insomnia was conducted using Ayurvedic texts and electronic databases. Although valued for its nutraceutical properties, there is limited clinical data on its effectiveness in treating insomnia. No relevant clinical studies were found for its use in treatment of insomnia, but some preclinical and clinical studies exist for other conditions. The presence of a perfect proportion of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids, coupled with its antioxidant properties and the existence of preclinical findings suggesting the sedative and anti-anxiety effects of hemp seed extracts by influencing the benzodiazepine receivers linked to gamma-aminobutyric acid, makes it a choice for Nasya therapy in clinically managing insomnia. A significant enhancement in scientific research efforts is imperative to maximize its potential utilization.
An optimistic review of modernization versus noise-induced hearing loss with the scope of Ayurveda management: a hope or a hype
Authors: Satyavati  , Fiaz Shamsa , Hanifa Nasreen , Sharma Navneet
Published: October 2024

Background:

In today’s fast-paced world of technology, where progress brings many benefits, we sometimes overlook the downsides, and one major issue is noise pollution. Noise pollution acts as a “sneaky killer” and manifests in various noncommunicable diseases, which hampers our lifestyle. One such issue is hearing loss (HL) due to over or continuous exposure to noise also known as “noise-induced HL (NIHL)” and is gaining popularity due to its increasing prevalence. While the cause is simply the overuse of noise, the way it has developed with modernization is not known.

Aims and Objectives:

This work aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of “NIHL” and how the modern environment, characterized by increased noise levels, affects the auditory health of individuals along with the scope of Ayurveda in its management.

Materials and Methods:

A sincere attempt is made by reviewing a wide range of works of literature and scientific studies from the past 10 years.

Result and Conclusion:

Avoidance of etiological factors is primarily necessary for the anticipation of hearing impairment and Ayurveda does have scope for its treatment but there is absolute lacunae of quality data with very few large randomized controlled trials. Thus, a hope for further research in this area remains the need of the hour.
Abdominal wall failure
Authors: Sharma Ekta , Goyal Shirish , Gupta Sanjay , Kaushik Robin , Attri Ashok K.
Published: October 2024

Generalised weakness of the abdominal wall can lead to its failure to contain the abdominal viscera within the confines of the abdominal cavity, resulting in simultaneous hernias at different sites. We propose that this entity should be termed ‘abdominal wall failure’, and the laparoscopic approach is ideal for the management of such a condition. This report presents the case of a patient with concurrent hiatal hernia, bilateral direct inguinal hernias, bilateral femoral hernias and recurrent paraumbilical hernia, managed laparoscopically.
Enhancing Gingival Aesthetics: A Case Report on Gingival Depigmentation
Authors: Nair Deepthy B. , Jose Paul , Prakash D’lima Johnson , Reshma T. S.
Published: October 2024

The beauty of a smile is not solely defined by the teeth’s shape, position and colour, but also by the condition of the gingival tissues. While melanin pigmentation of the gingiva poses no medical risk, complaints about ‘black gums’ are common, particularly amongst individuals with a high smile line. Consequently, treatment approaches in periodontal aesthetics aim to establish a harmonious balance between the pink hues of the gums and the white of the teeth, a crucial aspect of all dental procedures. Various methods for gingival depigmentation have been documented, including bur abrasion, scraping, partial thickness flap surgery, cryotherapy, electrosurgery and laser treatment. In this case report, scraping, electrosurgery and diode laser techniques were employed for depigmentation, chosen for their simplicity, effectiveness and ability to deliver satisfactory results, thereby ensuring patient contentment.
Assessment of Calcium Concentration and pH at the Periapical Environment on Placing Calcium Hydroxide with Different Natural Vehicles – An In vitro Study
Authors: Kannan Nithya , Peedikayil Faizal C. , Kottayi Soni , Aravind Athira , Sreedharan Aswathi , Ramesh Athul
Published: October 2024

Background:

In root canal therapy, the number of microorganisms in canals can be controlled by giving proper intracanal medication dressing. Calcium concentration and changes in pH at the periapical region denote the effect of antibacterial action in the periapical region.

Aim:

The aim is to determine a suitable natural vehicle for calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as an intracanal medicament by assessing the calcium concentration and changes in pH at the periapical region.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 extracted single-rooted permanent teeth were equally allotted into four groups – Group I: Ca(OH)2 with distilled water, Group II: Ca(OH)2 with aloe vera, Group III: Ca(OH)2 with coconut water, and Group IV: Ca(OH)2 with neem extract. pH was determined by pH meter and calcium by chromatography. The values were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14.

Results:

All the materials showed alkaline pH and release of calcium ion throughout the study. For day 1, the mean pH value was highest for distilled water (10.06) and lowest for aloe vera extract (9.42). The highest calcium release during day 1 was by coconut water (67.85) and the least calcium release was by aloe vera (42.01). On day 14, the highest calcium release was by distilled water (89.98) followed by coconut water (67.24) and least by neem extract (61.13). pH values and calcium release in four different natural vehicles were significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

All natural materials used in this study showed good Ca(OH)2 diffusion when used as a vehicle with Ca(OH)2 in root canals.
Clinical dilemma in managing deep venous embolism with hemorrhagic stroke
Authors: Chima Emmanuel , Iheanacho Joseph , Elendu Kelechi Collins , Uwanuruochi Kelechukwu
Published: October 2024

Recent stroke is a recognized contraindication to anticoagulation. However, some patients with a recent hemorrhagic stroke develop deep venous thrombosis. This creates a dilemma whereby the physicians have to navigate the best in the risky line of management. We report a 65-year-old man with pulmonary embolism 3 weeks after hemorrhagic stroke. He was given conventional anticoagulant treatment and was discharged with clinical improvement 2 weeks later.
Elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Ahmadu Ibrahim , Aliyu Ibrahim , Ahmed Abdulazeez , Asani Mustafa O.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by cessation of ventilation or occurrence of significant hypoventilation during sleep, is associated with several complications, including cardiovascular dysfunction. This study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in children with OSA.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 75 eligible children with OSA aged 2–14 years and compared with 75 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy children. Trans-thoracic echocardiography was used to assess the pulmonary artery pressure as well as RV systolic and global function.

Results:

The mean mPAP was significantly higher in the children with OSA (20.41 ± 8.5) as compared to the controls (11.35 ± 2.8) (P < 0.001). Elevated mPAP was found in 29.3% of the children with OSA, while 33.3% and 34.7% had RV systolic and global dysfunction, respectively. Children with a duration of OSA ≥2 years were more likely to have elevated mPAP than those with a duration of illness <2 years (P = 0.046). RV systolic and global dysfunctions were significantly more common in the cases with elevated mPAP compared with those with normal mPAP (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Elevated mPAP and RV dysfunction are common in children with OSA, especially those with a duration of illness ≥2 years. Children with OSA and elevated mPAP are more likely to have impaired RV systolic and global function.
Influence of conical hybrid stock and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing abutments on the strain developed around implant and the screw loosening
Authors: Mostafa Mostafa H. , El Gendy Attiah A. , Elfeky Ahmed F.
Published: October 2024

Aim

Evaluate effect of conical hybrid stock and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) abutments on the strain developed around implant and the screw loosening.

Patients and methods

Sixteen epoxy resin blocks containing implant assembly (fixture, abutment, abutment screw, cemented zirconia crown) divided into two equal groups (eight blocks) in each group as fallow: group (A): eight blocks with implants attached to Stock abutment with conical hybrid connection to retain the crown to the implant. Group (B): Eight blocks with implants attached to customized CAD/CAM milled abutment with the same size and connection to retain the crown to the implant. The samples were subjected to dynamic cyclic loading 150 000 cycles using chewing simulator. A digital torque gauge was used to evaluate screw loosening by measuring removal torque value (RTV) before and after cyclic loading. Strain gauge was installed around implants in buccal, palatal aspects of each implant, and a load of 100 N was applied vertically and another load of 65 N was applied obliquely by using universal testing machine and the strain was determined using strain meter.

Results

For GA, percentage of initial removal torque loss (RTL) was (17.988 ± 1.248%) and significantly increased after loading (30.763 ± 1.176%). For GB, percentage of initial removal torque loss was (24.350 ± 1.239%) and increased significantly after loading (33.313 ± 2.840%). For strain results under vertical and oblique loading, there was no statistically significant difference in both groups in stock and cad cam abutments and the strain measurement under oblique loading were significantly higher than the strains measured under vertical loading in both groups.

Conclusions

Screw loosening occurred in both stock abutments and CAD/CAM abutments but CAD/CAM abutments yielded greater removal torque reduction (RTV) reduction% than the stock abutments and stock abutments showed little stress values around implant than CAD/CAM abutment without statistically significant difference. Off-axial loads will generate more stresses around implants.
Three-dimensional evaluation of temporomandibular joint and dental asymmetries in angle class II division 1 subdivision malocclusion
Authors: Ashour Ahmed M. , El-Shennawy Mahmoud I. , Marhoumy Shaimaa M. El
Published: October 2024

Background

Management of class II division 1 subdivision malocclusion has consistently offered an important challenge for orthodontic professionals. This problem arises not only from the complexities associated with its treatment but also from the complex nature of its asymmetric characteristics. Understanding the properties of asymmetry in this particular malocclusion has significant importance.

Objectives

Evaluate the features of temporomandibular joint and dental asymmetries in angle class II division 1 subdivision malocclusion by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Patients and methods

Forty CBCT scans of adult patients were analyzed and divided into two groups: 20 CBCT for each group skeletal and dental measurements were measured and compared among both groups to evaluate the features temporomandibular joint and dental asymmetries in class II division 1 subdivision malocclusion.

Results

Dental parameters were significantly different (P < 0.01) between right and left sides in maxillary sagittal position (mandibular first), maxillary and mandibular canine. A comparison of condyle and glenoid fossa concerning right, and left sides showed together significant an differences (P < 0.01) in coronal position of GFI, GlS, Poi, and posterior wall angle of the articular tubercle.

Conclusion

In class II division 1 subdivision malocclusion the mandibular first molar was distal and lingual in position, while the maxillary first molar was mesial in class II side. In class ii subdivision malocclusion, glenoid fossa position and condylar morphology asymmetries caused skeletal asymmetry.
Effects of volume ratios of tongue and oral cavity on upper airway in skeletal Class II cases
Authors: Saba Mohamed H. Abo , El-Shennawy Mahmoud L. , Fakhry Neveen M.
Published: October 2024

Background

The relationship between tongue volume and oral cavity volume (TV/OCV) ratio and upper airway volume is of great interest especially in skeletal Class II cases because they are commonly associated with retruded mandible as seen in Class II div. 1. It results in backward displacement of the tongue and hyoid bone causing reduction in the upper airway volume. This reduction in the upper airway volume is a causative factor for some common respiratory disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Aim

The present study was carried out to find the effect of tongue size and oral cavity size and their ratio on the upper airway volume in skeletal Class II cases.

Methods

A cross-section study was performed on cone beam computed tomography images of 40 skeletal Class II patients whose age ranges from 17 to 22 years old. The volume of the nasopharyngeal airway, oropharyngeal airway, hypopharyngeal airway, nasoethmoid cavity (nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus), right and left maxillary sinus and oral cavity airway were calculated by using materialize Mimics Medical, Version 21.0. Correlation of each segment with TV/OCV ratio was detected.

Results

It was found that TV/OCV ratio had a significant positive correlation with TV (P < 0.05). TV/OCV ratio had a highly significant negative correlation with oral cavity airway volume (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

These findings reflect the relationship of TV/OCV and their ratio on the upper airway especially in skeletal Class II malocclusions.
Empirical Analysis of Widely Used Website Automated Testing Tools
Authors: Sani Balqees , Jan Sadaqat
Published: October 2024

In today's software development, achieving product quality while minimising cost and time is critical. Automated testing is crucial to attaining these goals by lowering inspection efforts and discovering faults more effectively. This paper compares widely used automated testing tools, such as Selenium, Appium, Java Unit (JUnit), Test Next Generation (TestNG), Jenkins, Cucumber, LoadRunner, Katalon Studio, Simple Object Access Protocol User Interface (SoapUI), and TestComplete, based on functionality, ease of use, platform compatibility, and integration capabilities. Our findings show that no single tool is inherently superior, with each excelling in certain areas such as online, mobile, Application Programming Interface (API), or performance testing. While Selenium and Appium are the dominant online and mobile testing frameworks, TestComplete and Katalon Studio offer complete, user-friendly cross-platform testing solutions. Despite the benefits of automation, obstacles such as tool maintenance, scalability, and cost issues remain. The report finishes with advice for picking the best tool for the project and offers potential approaches for enhancing testing frameworks, such as AI-driven optimisation, cloud-based testing, and greater Continuous Integration/ Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) integration. This study offers useful information for developers and testers looking to optimise their testing methods and increase software quality.
Influence of septal deviation side on preoperative eustachian tube dysfunction and the effectiveness of septoplasty in alleviating eustachian tube dysfunction
Authors: Lee C , Lee E , Park M , Kim D , Jung Y G , Kim H Y , Ryu G , Hong S D
Published: October 2024

Background: The Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire 7 (ETDQ-7) serves as a valuable tool for assessing eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). We investigated the impact of septal deviation side on ETD using preoperative ETDQ-7 scores and evaluated the effectiveness of septoplasty based on postoperative ETDQ-7 scores. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with septal deviation who were scheduled for septoplasty. ETDQ-7 surveys were conducted preoperative and 1 and 3 months postoperative. Results: 120 patients were included, with 72 completing the ETDQ-7 at all three time points. The average prevalence of ETD was 29.2%. Preoperative ETDQ-7 scores showed no significant difference between convex and concave nasal sides. However, the prevalence of ETD was significantly higher on the convex side (28.3% vs. 15.8%), especially in unilateral ETD cases. Preoperatively, the positive ETD group had significantly higher ETDQ-7 scores on the convex side while no significant difference was found between concave and convex sides in the negative ETD group. Postoperatively, the positive ETD group showed significant improvement in ETDQ-7 scores with significantly higher on the convex side (66.7% vs. 33.3%). ETDQ-7 scores improved after septoplasty, with more improvement in the positive ETD group. Conclusions: Septoplasty significantly improves ETD, particularly in the preoperative positive ETD group, by reducing ETDQ-7 scores. The prevalence of ETD was higher on the convex side preoperatively, and the positive ETD group exhibited significant postoperative improvements, especially on the convex side. This suggests that the direction of septal deviation influences ETD prevalence and surgery outcomes, although septoplasty alleviates ETD on both sides.
Inteligência artificial e letramentos críticos
Authors: Moreira Ailton Pinheiro , Oliveira Diego Bandeira de , Holanda Wiron de Araújo
Published: October 2024

Vertiginosos avanços nas tecnologias digitais conectadas à internet e a Inteligência Artificial (ChatGPT) apresentam desafios e inquietações que têm chamado a atenção de vários setores da sociedade. Nesse cenário, a educação é uma das mais atingidas. Portanto, segue empenhada em compreender e discutir as (des)vantagens advindas desses avanços. Gêneros textuais multimodais (como os memes) atuam na materialização e disseminação de discursos marcados por perspectivas tecnocêntricas que, colocando-se em lados opostos, concebem as tecnologias ora como panaceia para todos os dilemas da humanidade, ora como uma intensificação de muitos desses dilemas. Assim, este artigo objetiva analisar memes sobre a IA (ChatGPT) para compreender as representações sobre esses avanços tecnológicos no ambiente escolar e as percepções veladas nos discursos materializados em memes. Para tanto, o arcabouço teórico-metodológico que embasa a pesquisa são estudos da Tecnologia Digital e da Neurociência (Nicolelis, 2023), Gramática do Design Visual (Kress; Van Leeuwen, 2006; 2021), Gêneros Textuais (Bazerman, 2006; Marcuschi, 2008), Letramentos Críticos (Rojo; Moura, 2012; Kalantzis; Cope; Pinheiro, 2020) e Tecnocentrismo (Vieira Pinto, 2005; Costa e Silva, 2013). Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa e interdisciplinar, o corpus, composto por memes sobre a IA (ChatGPT), foi coletado a partir de repositório de memes dispostos na Internet e analisado à luz do significado representacional da Gramática do Design Visual e demais conceitos supracitados. As análises revelaram que a IA (ChatGPT) pode causar mudanças comportamentais contraproducentes, reforçar comportamentos negativos já existentes em atores da educação e prejudicar o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico no tocante à produção acadêmica autoral.
ChatGPT 4.0
Authors: Duque Paulo Henrique
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investiga a capacidade do modelo de inteligência artificial ChatGPT 4.0 em interpretar charges, utilizando benchmarks humanos como referência. As charges foram escolhidas por integrarem elementos verbais e não-verbais, permitindo uma avaliação detalhada de como o ChatGPT lida com nuances contextuais, humor e sátira. Os resultados demonstram que, embora o ChatGPT consiga identificar elementos visuais principais, ele enfrenta desafios significativos na compreensão de contextos mais amplos e na interpretação de humor e subtextos complexos. O estudo revela que as interpretações do ChatGPT tendem a ser superficiais e menos detalhadas em comparação com as humanas, especialmente em aspectos como estilo artístico, técnicas visuais e contextos culturais. Além disso, o ChatGPT mostra dificuldades em captar a profundidade e a intenção crítica de elementos satíricos, resultando em interpretações que não refletem completamente as mensagens implícitas nas charges. Os achados deste estudo contribuem para a compreensão das capacidades e limitações atuais dos modelos de IA na interpretação de discursos complexos, oferecendo insights valiosos para o avanço da linguística cognitiva e das tecnologias de processamento de linguagem natural.
$2$-polarity and algorithmic aspects of polarity variants on cograph superclasses
Authors: Contreras-Mendoza Fernando Esteban , Hernández-Cruz César
Published: October 2024

A graph $G$ is said to be an $(s, k)$-polar graph if its vertex set admits a
partition $(A, B)$ such that $A$ and $B$ induce, respectively, a complete
$s$-partite graph and the disjoint union of at most $k$ complete graphs. Polar
graphs and monopolar graphs are defined as $(\infty, \infty)$- and $(1,
\infty)$-polar graphs, respectively, and unipolar graphs are those graphs with
a polar partition $(A, B)$ such that $A$ is a clique.
The problems of deciding whether an arbitrary graph is a polar graph or a
monopolar graph are known to be NP-complete. In contrast, deciding whether a
graph is a unipolar graph can be done in polynomial time. In this work we prove
that the three previous problems can be solved in linear time on the classes of
$P_4$-sparse and $P_4$-extendible graphs, generalizing analogous results
previously known for cographs.
Additionally, we provide finite forbidden subgraph characterizations for
$(2,2)$-polar graphs on $P_4$-sparse and $P_4$-extendible graphs, also
generalizing analogous results recently obtained for the class of cographs.
History-deterministic Timed Automata
Authors: Bose Sougata , Henzinger Thomas A. , Lehtinen Karoliina , Schewe Sven , Totzke Patrick
Published: October 2024

We explore the notion of history-determinism in the context of timed automata
(TA) over infinite timed words. History-deterministic (HD) automata are those
in which nondeterminism can be resolved on the fly, based on the run
constructed thus far. History-determinism is a robust property that admits
different game-based characterisations, and HD specifications allow for
game-based verification without an expensive determinization step.
We show that the class of timed $\omega$-languages recognized by HD timed
automata strictly extends that of deterministic ones, and is strictly included
in those recognised by fully non-deterministic TA.
For non-deterministic timed automata it is known that universality is already
undecidable for safety/reachability TA. For history-deterministic TA with
arbitrary parity acceptance, we show that timed universality, inclusion, and
synthesis all remain decidable and are EXPTIME-complete.
For the subclass of TA with safety or reachability acceptance, one can decide
(in EXPTIME) whether such an automaton is history-deterministic. If so, it can
effectively determinized without introducing new automaton states.
Emprendimiento femenino y desarrollo: un análisis ANOVA para Honduras
Authors: Cruz Susan Lizeth , Saiz Álvarez José Luis
Published: October 2024

Este artículo analiza el papel del emprendimiento femenino en Honduras después de la pandemia del Covid-19 lo cual ha sido esencial en la recuperación económica post-pandemia, ya que las mujeres emprendedoras han creado puestos de trabajo, han demostrado capacidad para innovar y adaptarse, y han fortalecido la autonomía financiera de sus organizaciones, lo que ha tenido un impacto social favorable en las micro y pequeña empresa hondureña. A pesar de enfrentar obstáculos, como la falta de acceso al financiamiento y desafíos culturales, han sido resilientes y han perseverado, por lo que respaldar de manera constante estas iniciativas es fundamental para promover un crecimiento económico equitativo y sostenible en Honduras.
Presentación del dossier
Authors: Urtubia Odekerken Ximena
Published: October 2024

Presentación del dossier
Правовое регулирование трансграничного оборота судебных актов как объекта признания и исполнения иностранного решения в цивилистическом процессе
Authors: Пеленицына М.В. , Яценко А.О.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности взаимодействия в области гражданской юрисдикции различных государств в рамках трансгра­ничного оборота судебных актов. Для признания и исполнения иностранного судебного решения необходимы два обстоятельства: это должен быть акт, во-первых, принятый судом, во-вторых, вынесенный по существу спора. При­знание и приведение в исполнение решений иностранных судов являются важной гарантией защиты прав и законных интересов физических и юриди­ческих лиц и необходимой частью эффективной системы международного правового сотрудничества. Одним из основных вопросов правового регули­рования трансграничного оборота судебных актов является определение объекта признания и исполнения.

The article considers the specifics of interaction in the field of civil jurisdiction of various states within the framework of cross-border circulation of judicial acts. Two circumstances are necessary for the recognition and enforcement of a foreign court decision. So, it must be an act, first, adopted by the court, and second, rendered on the merits of the dispute. Recognition and enforcement of foreign court decisions are an important guarantee of the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities and a necessary part of the effective system of international legal cooperation. Defining the object of recognition and enforcement is one of the main issues of legal regulation of cross-border turnover of judicial acts.
К вопросу об исполнении наказания в виде лишения права занимать определенные должности или заниматься определенной деятельностью
Authors: Комбаров Р.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы исполнения лишения пра­ва занимать определенные должности или заниматься определенной дея­тельностью. Проводится анализ норм уголовного и уголовно-исполнитель­ного законодательства по вопросам исполнения данного вида наказания. Указываются проблемы, возникающие при реализации наказания в виде ли­шения права занимать определенные должности или заниматься определен­ной деятельностью, предлагаются конкретные пути их решения.

The article discusses issues of the execution of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities. Norms of criminal and penal legislation on the execution of this type of punishment are analyzed. The author indicates problems that arise in the implementation of punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities and proposes specific ways to solve them.
Проблемы преодоления межотрас­левой рассогласованности норм об ответственности за нецелевое расходо­вание бюджетных средств
Authors: Марзаганова А.М.
Published: October 2024

В статье исследуются вопросы межотраслевой рассогласо­ванности норм, обеспечивающих охрану общественных отношений в обла­сти надлежащего (установленного законом) порядка расходования бюджет­ных средств и средств государственных внебюджетных фондов. Обращается внимание на терминологическую неопределенность ст. 285.1 и 285.2 УК РФ, что является причиной значительных трудностей в правоприменительной деятельности. Обосновывается необходимость гармонизации норм бюджет­ного, административно-деликтного и уголовного законодательства. Предла­гаются варианты преодоления межотраслевой рассогласованности исследу­емых норм.

The article considers issues of intersectoral inconsistency of norms ensuring protection of public relations in the field of a proper (legally established) procedure for spending public finances and means of state extra-budgetary funds. Attention is drawn to the terminological ambiguity of articles 285.1 and 285.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which hinders law enforcement. The necessity to harmonize norms of budgetary, administrative-tort and criminal legislation is substantiated. Ways for overcoming the intersectoral inconsistency of the studied norms are proposed.
Пути совершенствования отсрочки отбывания наказания как института уголовного и уголовно-исполнительного права
Authors: Саргсян М.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье, посвященной институту отсрочки отбывания на­казания (ст. 82 УК РФ), исследуются дискуссионные вопросы основания ее применения, предлагается расширить круг субъектов, включив в него усы­новителей, а также разъяснить основания и сроки предоставления отсрочки отбывания наказания суррогатной матери. Учитывая неравенство граждан по половому признаку при применении ст. 82 УК РФ, предлагается уровнять мужчин и женщин в праве предоставления отсрочки независимо от состава семьи. Анализируется возможность предоставления отсрочки при совокуп­ности преступлений, а также разъясняются основания неприменения норм этого института. Предлагается усовершенствовать контроль за соблюдени­ем условий отсрочки отбывания наказания представителями уголовно-ис­полнительной инспекции.

The article devoted to the postponement of a sentence (Article 82 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) considers controversial issues of the grounds for its application. It is proposed to expand a range of subjects to include adoptive parents, as well as to clarify grounds and terms for granting postponement of a sentence to a surrogate mother. Taking into account the inequality of citizens by gender in the application of Article 82 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, it is proposed to equalize men and women in the right to grant postponement of a sentence, regardless of the composition of the family. The possibility of granting postponement of a sentence in the case of a set of crimes is analyzed and grounds for the non-application of norms of this institution are clarified. It is suggested to improve monitoring of the compliance with the conditions of postponement of a sentence by representatives of the criminal executive inspection.
Актуальные вопросы ответственности лиц, замещающих родителей, за ненадлежащее исполнение своих обязанностей
Authors: Онищенко И.С. , Федорова А.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье проводится анализ форм семейного устройства де­тей, оставшихся без попечения родителей, таких как опека, попечительство и приемная семья, в контексте действующего законодательства. Рассматри­ваются ключевые аспекты данных форм, их различия и взаимосвязь. Особое внимание уделяется проблемным вопросам, возникающим из-за неоднознач­ности трактования соответствующих понятий и пробелов в действующем за­конодательстве. Предлагаются меры по совершенствованию семейного за­конодательства в данной сфере.

The article considers forms of family arrangement of children left without parental care, such as custody, guardianship and adoptive family, in the context of current legislation. Key aspects of these forms, their differences and interrelation are considered. Special attention is paid to problematic issues arising from the ambiguity of interpretation of the relevant concepts and gaps in the current legislation. Measures are proposed to improve family legislation in this area.
Honey: food and a therapeutic agent
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Serbia, Kostić Danijela , Georgijev Aneta ,   Timomed D.O.O.,  Republic of Serbia, Arsić Biljana ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Serbia
Published: October 2024

Honeybees produce honey. Humans have used honey for more than 9,000 years as food and medicine. Honey has a complex chemical composition (sugars, organic acids, amino acids, peptides, enzymes, micro and macroelements, water-soluble vitamins and natural phenolic compounds), varying depending on the botanical source. Besides its significant role in traditional medicine, honey also has a place in modern medicine. Research has shown that honey has an inhibitory effect on about 60 types of bacteria, some types of fungi and viruses. The antioxidant capacity of honey is significant for many diseases and is primarily due to many natural phenolic compounds in honey. Therefore, honey is also used to treat inflammatory, dermal, diabetic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neoplastic conditions. This article briefly overviews the composition, physico-chemical properties and application of natural honey as a nutraceutical agent.
What kind of magic do they put in chocolate, anyway?
Authors:   University of Nis, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Serbia, Mitić Violeta D. , Nikolić Jelena S. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Serbia, Stankov Jovanović Vesna ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Serbia
Published: October 2024

Chocolate is the most popular candy in the world. The cocoa tree’s seeds are fermented, roasted, and ground, making chocolate the final finished product. The main components of chocolate are carbohydrates, fat, and protein, and it also contains essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc. The resulting sensory perception of chocolate is linked to many diverse components, making its flavour highly complex. There are different types of chocolate in terms of composition and shape. The cocoa mixture, cocoa bean roasting method, and the ratio of cocoa butter, fat-free cocoa powder, and sugar all play a role in determining the type of chocolate. Chocolate can take different forms, such as bars or sticks, and is often flavored with vanilla, cinnamon, cloves, hazelnuts or almonds. Milk chocolate is the most popular chocolate in the world. Creamy and tender, it melts on the tongue and leaves you wanting more. The second most popular chocolate was dark chocolate, followed by white chocolate. The most popular combinations are soft nougat and crunchy walnuts. Hazelnuts and almonds are also indispensable in the chocolate industry.
UGROŽAVANJE SIGURNOSTI KONKLUDENTNIM RADNJAMA
Authors: Alibašić Mirsen
Published: October 2024

A person's personal safety can be threatened in various ways, which happens often in reality, so the provisions of the Criminal Code that prescribe the criminal offense of Endangering safety, in addition to other criminal offenses, are of particular importance. It is indisputable that someone's safety can be threatened verbally, in writing, with signs, drawings, implicit actions and so this paperwork, with the help of judicial practice, investigates the forms of a qualified threat to the life and body of another person, which was made by implicit conclusive actions. The reasons for this are because conclusive actions cannot be interpreted linguistically and because they are different from other forms of behavior that can have many different meanings. At the same time, in court practice, the number of convictions for endangering safety by conclusive actions is significantly lower compared to convictions for endangering safety verbally. Therefore, the subject of this work is the research and analysis of the forms of conclusive actions that represent a threat in terms of the criminal offense of Endangering personal safety from Article 138 of the Criminal Code, as well as their relationship with the actions of other criminal offenses. The methods used in the work are the normative method, content analysis and case studies. The purpose of the research is to determine auxiliary criteria on the basis of which conclusive actions can be considered a threat, as well as to recognize in practice threats made in this way.
The Role of Study Field and Gender in University Students’ Attitudes towards Computer-Assisted Language Learning
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Tica Lena , Krsmanović Ivana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Vidanović Miletić Neda ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Kragujevac, Serbia, Stojković Milica ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia
Published: October 2024

Just as it has permeated all other aspects of modern life, technology has inevitably transformed the way English is taught and learned, making Computer-assisted Language Learning (CALL) an indispensable component of contemporary language education. This study explores Serbian university students’ attitudes toward CALL and examines whether these attitudes vary by field of study and gender, through an exploratory, mixed-method design, using a sample of 183 students from diverse academic disciplines. The findings reveal that university students generally hold positive attitudes towards CALL, with moderate to high mean scores for both internal and external factors related to ICT integration. This suggests a perceived benefit of ICT, particularly in enhancing classroom atmosphere and instructional practices. Contrary to expectations, no significant differences were found in attitudes towards CALL based on the field of study. Both technological/engineering and social sciences/humanities students displayed similar acceptance levels of ICT in English learning, indicating a uniform appreciation of ICT’s role across disciplines. Similarly, no significant differences were found in attitudes toward CALL based on gender, with the only notable difference being that female students showed a slightly higher appreciation for the external motivating role of ICT.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Digital Resilience Program
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Milošević Marjan , Đorić Biljana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Mitrović Katarina ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Logrieco Maria Grazia Mada ,   University of Foggia, Department of Human Sciences, Italy
Published: October 2024

Digital resilience refers to the adaptive capacity for overcoming the challenges of the digital landscape. It encompasses the ability to effectively respond to and recover from adverse online experiences, demonstrating mental agility and digital competencies. We developed a program „Digital Resilience and Networking“ under the Erasmus+ project „Enhancing digital and psychological resilience through peer networking in the online environment in times of crisis“. This paper describes the layout and implementation of the program: the piloting phase (implemented in hybrid mode in the English language at three partner universities from Serbia, Poland, and Italy), the evaluation, and its implementation in Serbian language (national training, held fully online). We prepared a questionnaire to evaluate the effects of the course and cross-analyzed the training session evaluation (international pilot – 35 feedback records, and national training – 32 records). The evaluation showed high ratings for both phases, revealing significant differences between them. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between participants’ satisfaction with the program’s implementation and their perceived skill acquisition. These results offer valuable insights into the efficacy of the program in enhancing digital resilience skills and emphasize the significance of well-implemented courses for optimal learning outcomes.
Horizontal Psychological Support in the Digital Network: DigiPsyRes Project Training Evaluation
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Stojković Milica , Krsmanović Ivana ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia, Tica Lena ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Čačak, Serbia
Published: October 2024

Despite extensive research on peer support, there remains a lack of initiatives specifically targeting psychological resilience and digital student networking. Addressing this gap, the training program “Step by Step from Trainees to Trainers and Peer-Supporters in the Student Peer-Support Network” (sub-program C) within the “DigiPsyRes” project aims to equip students to provide peer support. This paper describes the layout and implementation of Program C, which underwent an international pilot phase in January 2024, followed by refinements, and was finally delivered in April 2024 in Serbian in a hybrid format. The aim of the paper is to evaluate Program C and compare the outcomes of its international pilot phase and national training. The evaluation employed a blend of quantitative and qualitative methods, utilizing three distinct types of instruments: knowledge assessment, evaluation questionnaire, and qualitative feedback. The results showed high scores in knowledge assessment and evaluation questionnaires for both phases, with the national training phase receiving higher evaluations than the international pilot. Qualitative analysis confirmed the prevalence of positive feedback and provided insights for future adjustments, leading to improved scores for the national training. These findings underscore the importance of well-structured courses in fostering peer support networks that enhance resilience and highlight their role in achieving optimal learning outcomes.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Spray Anti Nyamuk dari Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus)
Authors: Dona Avrilia Kristanti  , Irianti Gladys Septiara Putri , Fadhila Dheytra Akhnaz Namira , Prayoga Ferdiyan Tri , Puspita Selvia Indah , Nandini Atikah
Published: October 2024

Salah satu negara yang beriklim tropis, yaitu Indonesia. Iklim tropis ini mempengaruhi flora, fauna, dan pola hidup penduduknya. Kondisi cuaca yang lebih hangat dapat mendorong perkembangbiakan populasi nyamuk. Nyamuk dapat menyebabkan salah satu penyakit, yaitu Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk aedes aegypti. Program KKN Non-Tematik mahasiswa UPN ‘Veteran’ Jawa Timur berinovasi membuat spray anti nyamuk dari tanaman serai wangi. Tanaman serai wangi banyak dijumpai di pasaran sekitar Kecamatan Kemuteran. Serai wangi mengandung dua senyawa kimia berupa geraniol dan citronellal. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di RT 5 Kelurahan Kemuteran, Gresik, Jawa Timur yang dihadiri oleh warga RT 5 dan RT 6. Diawali dengan sosialisasi pembuatan spray anti nyamuk dari serai, lalu dilanjutkan dengan praktik pembuatan produk spray anti nyamuk. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan inovasi bagi masyarakat terkait pemanfaatan bahan alami, yaitu serai wangi sebagai spray anti nyamuk yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan adalah dengan penyampaian materi, demonstrasi, dan diskusi. Spray anti nyamuk berhasil dibuat dari serai wangi. Warga yang mengikuti pelatihan memiliki antusias yang tinggi pada saat penyampaian materi dan diskusi.
Pelatihan Bahasa Indonesia untuk Aparat Pemerintahan Desa Loa Duri Ilir Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Permana Diyah
Published: October 2024

Aparat pemerintahan desa belum menyadari bahwa setiap kegiatan menulis harus memakai bahasa Indonesia sesuai kaidah atau aturan. Terutama, penggunaan bahasa tulis dalam surat resmi atau dinas. Hasil pengamatan  pada surat resmi atau dinas yang dibuat Aparat Pemerintahan Desa Loa Duri Ilir Kcamatan Loa Janan Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara masih ditemukan  berbagai  bentuk  kesalahan  dalam  penulisan  surat  dinas  tersebut. Misalnya,  pemakaian  huruf  kapital,   tanda  baca,  penulisan singkatan, huruf miring dan cetak tebal, serta pemakaian kata. Menjawab persoalan tersebut,  perlu dilakukan pelatihan  khusus tentang penulisan surat resmi atau dinas yang sesuai dengan kaidah atau aturan kebahasaan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Peserta pelatihan terdiri dari jajaran pemerintahan desa di desa Loa Duri Ilir. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemberian pelatihan adalah Metode Konstekstual. Hasil pelatihan dapat  meningkatkan kemampuan, pemahaman, dan keterampilan staf pemerintahan desa dalam memakai bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar, terutama pemakaian  huruf  kapital,   tanda  baca,  penulisan singkatan, huruf miring dan cetak tebal, serta pemakaian kata dalam menulis surat resmi atau dinas.