bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MÉTODOS DE ENSINO UTILIZADOS NO CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS
Authors: Amaral Mariana Silva , Reina Diane Rossi Maximiano , Reina Donizete , Da Silva Silvio Freitas
Published: December 2021

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é investigar os métodos de ensino utilizados pelos docentes no processo de aprendizagem do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma Instituição pública de Minas Gerais. A pesquisa aborda o método tradicional de ensino e dois métodos considerados ativos, o método do caso e o método de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP). Justifica-se a elaboração deste trabalho pela importância dos métodos de ensino utilizados pelos docentes no processo de aprendizagem. Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva; para a coleta de dados, utiliza a técnica de pesquisa levantamento; com abordagem qualitativa dos dados; a amostra é composta por 21 professores que ministraram disciplinas no curso de Ciências Contábeis no segundo semestre de 2013, representando 39,62% do total da população. Dentre os resultados obtidos podemos destacar: o perfil dos docentes do curso de Ciências Contábeis é composto por profissionais que possuem doutorado, a maioria tem entre 10 a 20 anos de experiência em docência e já participaram de eventos relacionados às metodologias de ensino; a metodologia de ensino mais utilizado pelos docentes é o método tradicional e o mesmo também é apontado como o mais importante dentre os métodos investigados para o aprendizado do aluno. Entretanto observamos que não há “uma” metodologia de ensino eficiente, uma vez que todas se completam.
ESCOLHAS CONTÁBEIS NO RECONHECIMENTO DE JOINT VENTURES DE COMPANHIAS ABERTAS BRASILEIRAS: consolidação proporcional versus método de equivalência patrimonial
Authors: De Abreu Pontes Gleison , Êmine de Souza Flaida , Camargo Cristiano , Lemes Sirlei
Published: December 2021

Até 2012 as companhias abertas brasileiras que possuíam Joint Ventures podiam reconhecer seus investimentos pelo método da Consolidação Proporcional (CP) ou pelo Método de Equivalência Patrimonial (MEP). A partir de 2013, com a emissão da IFRS 11 – Joint Arrangements (adotada no Brasil mediante o CPC 19 – Negócios em Conjunto), estas empresas deverão reconhecer seus investimentos exclusivamente pelo MEP. Assim, o presente estudo pretendeu analisar se características das empresas poderiam justificar a escolha dos gestores em utilizar a CP ou o MEP, quando essa opção ainda era permitida. Por meio da técnica de regressão logística, constatou-se que apenas o nível de governança corporativa e o tamanho da companhia apresentaram indícios de influenciar a escolha dos gestores quanto ao método empregado no reconhecimento de Joint Ventures.
ANÁLISE DA ADOÇÃO DAS IFRS PELAS COMPANHIAS ABERTAS BRASILEIRAS DO SETOR DE CONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Firmino Rafaelle Gomes , Andrade Josélia Maria Rodrigues de
Published: December 2021

Este estudo pretende analisar a adoção as normas internacionais de contabilidade relativas aos contratos de construção. O objetivo é analisar se após as mudanças na forma de contabilização dos contratos de construção através do reconhecimento das receitas, com a adoção das IFRS pelas companhias abertas brasileiras do setor de Construção, houve alteração nos resultados das Receitas de Vendas, do Patrimônio Líquido e do Lucro/Prejuízo do período. Utilizou-se o método das estatísticas descritivas, com o intuito de avaliar o comportamento dos montantes das receitas, patrimônio líquido e resultados das empresas antes e depois da adoção das IFRS, no ano de 2009. O estudo demonstrou que, após a adoção das IFRS, ocorreu aumento nos valores do Patrimônio Líquido, das Receitas de Vendas e no Lucro/Prejuízo do período. Foi utilizado ainda o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon, após analisar o pressuposto da normalidade por meio dos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Shapiro-Wilk. Os resultados do teste de Wilcoxon demonstraram que os valores do patrimônio líquido, das receitas e do resultado das empresas do setor de Construção não sofreram variações significativas do ponto de vista estatístico.
Arquivos e decolonialidade: breves considerações acerca de uma abordagem necessária em pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Gak Igor , Toseli Nycole , Araújo Chipoco Anna Carolina , Sousa da Costa Andressa
Published: December 2021

Nosso objetivo é apresentar reflexões tecidas durante o último ano no contexto de reformulação das ações do projeto “Arquivos e Direitos Humanos em Perspectiva Global”. Procuramos explorar as contribuições que a abordagem decolonial pode oferecer para os estudos e a prática arquivística na contemporaneidade. Propomos entender os arquivos como entidades formadoras de subjetividades que podem reforçar ou romper “padrões coloniais de poder”. Como método de trabalho, mapeamos preliminarmente arquivos cuja constituição e atividades podem ser lidas como estratégias de rompimento dessa “lógica da colonialidade”. Três destes acervos são apresentados aqui: o IPEAFRO, o Arquivo Dona Orosina Vieira e o LabJaca, analisados de acordo com a perspectiva decolonial.
Cinema e Arquivologia: uma relação interdisciplinar nas redes sociais de ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: De Mattos Souza Rosale , Souza Custódio Amanda Heloísa , Velho de Sá Pedro
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho visa apresentar de forma interdisciplinar as relações entre a Arquivologia e o Cinema para a reflexão da arte e da consciência social. Os filmes e os audiovisuais são instrumentos de didática e da educação junto à universidade. Existem filmes nos quais os documentos e os arquivos são protagonistas ou coadjuvantes, observados na comunidade acadêmica intra e extramuros. Utilizamos o método bibliográfico-qualitativo sobre cinema, arquivos, história e memória. No método empírico, o emprego das redes sociais, o Facebook na seleção, divulgação de eventos, festivais, encontros, cursos, mesas redondas, entrevistas com profissionais de audiovisuais, filmes e arquivos. Como resultados a divulgação de informações nas redes sociais, artigo publicado em periódico, pôster no 1º Simpósio Internacional de Arquivos – SIA e dois vídeos explicativos do projeto, promovidos pelas mídias da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO.
“Em estado de criação”: a arte de Habitar-se durante a pandemia
Authors: Dantas Ferreira Michelle , Araujo de Oliveira Wallace , Da Silva Bemvenuto Bonifacio Vitória , De Souza Ferreira Juliana
Published: December 2021

O Habitar-se é uma ação de extensão criada e proposta por nós, pesquisadores vinculados à Educação Universitária e atuantes também na Educação Básica, em 2020/2021, durante a pandemia do novo coronavírus, por meio de encontros online. Intenciona fortalecer vínculos com a Educação Estética, a Arte e a Formação docente a partir de nossos corpos em movimento. Por meio dele, objetivamos ressaltar a necessidade de vivências que dialoguem com as linguagens artísticas cujo conhecimento advém de um processo que se inicia, perpassa e acontece no/pelo corpo. Partilharemos, por meio de uma das proposições ofertadas por uma artista-professora convidada, algumas das reflexões que as experiências vividas nessa ação de extensão vêm nos convocando. Diante da pandemia, apostamos em ações-frestas como essa, que alarguem o espaço para as Artes na Educação e ampliem as possibilidades de uma Educação Estética, que se faz na/pela relação, tendo a arte e as sensibilidades convidadas ao diálogo.
Licenciaturas e Formação de Educadores/as Museais em Debate: relatos da experiência de uma atividade interdisciplinar
Authors: Fernandes Costa Andréa , Silva Jonatan , Antunes Vieira Da Silva Thatiana , Prado de Oliveira Ana Cristina
Published: December 2021

Este texto relata a experiência obtida com o Ciclo de Debates “Licenciaturas e Educação Museal: Diálogos Possíveis”, ação extensionista online, realizada em julho de 2020, a partir da iniciativa de docentes e estudantes dos cursos de Museologia e Pedagogia da UNIRIO. O Ciclo se propôs a colocar em tela a discussão sobre a formação de educadores museais brasileiros. Em quatro encontros, que contaram com a participação de especialistas de diferentes áreas e instituições, um fecundo debate foi construído, abrindo portas para futuras iniciativas. A ação recebeu 150 inscrições em menos de 24h e 68 pessoas participaram de, no mínimo, três debates. Um formulário de avaliação online foi respondido por 50 participantes, revelando que a grande maioria dos respondentes consideraram que todos os objetivos do Ciclo foram alcançados e que os encontros foram entre “satisfatórios” e muito “satisfatórios”, além de registrar o interesse de quase todos em participar de ações futuras.
“O corpo expressa”: Rodas de Movimento Vital Expressivo por meio da Extensão Universitária para promoção da saúde e cultura
Authors: De Carvalho Maia Stephanie , Joaquim Pereira Paula Luciene , Abreu da Silva Renata Flavia , Angel Vargas Liliana , De Almeida Ferreira Corrêa Vanessa , Nunciaroni Andressa Teoli
Published: December 2021

O Movimento Vital Expressivo/Rio Aberto (MVE) é uma prática integrativa coletiva que atua na promoção da saúde de pessoas e grupos em diferentes contextos. Tem como elementos a roda, a música, a imitação, a coordenação, a expressão e o movimento do próprio corpo. Neste trabalho, pretende-se relatar a experiência extensionista das rodas online de MVE “O corpo expressa”, como parte do projeto “Integração corpo e mente: o MVE como Prática Integrativa de Promoção da Saúde na Atenção Primária (PROExC/UNIRIO)”. Trata-se de um relato de experiência em que o MVE foi realizado via plataforma Google Meet junto a um grupo de 16 participantes em cinco encontros intitulados “O corpo expressa”. O grupo relatou melhora de dores musculares, de postura, possibilidade de descanso e relaxamento, identificação de lembranças pessoais, autoconhecimento e percepção do próprio corpo. É, portanto, uma prática de promoção à saúde e de cultura do cuidado para vitalidade do sujeito.
Rádio web Palafita: comunicação cidadã no Dique da Vila Gilda, Santos (SP)
Authors: Golobovante Maria da Conceição
Published: December 2021

Este relato apresenta uma experiência extensionista da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), realizada na maior favela de palafitas do Brasil, o Dique da Vila Gilda em Santos (SP), para a implantação da web rádio Palafita. O grupo de implantação foi composto por graduandos e professores dos cursos de Publicidade e Jornalismo, e por moradores da comunidade ligados ao instituto Arte no Dique, organização social parceira do projeto. Este relato se refere ao período de implantação do projeto, ocorrido entre 2016-2019 e apresenta o contexto territorial do Dique, os desafios enfrentados, os resultados alcançados e, principalmente, os aprendizados do processo, pela perspectiva dos estudantes e professores envolvidos.
Multiorgan microphysiological systems as tools to interrogate interorgan crosstalk and complex diseases
Authors: Trapecar Martin
Published: December 2021

Metabolic and inflammatory disorders such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases are increasing at alarming rates. Many of these are not tissue‐specific occurrences but complex, systemic pathologies of unknown origin for which no cure exists. Such complexity obscures causal relationships among factors regulating disease progression. Emerging technologies mimicking human physiology, such as microphysiological systems (MPSs), offer new possibilities to provide clarity in systemic metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Controlled interaction of multiple MPSs and the scalability of biological complexity in MPSs, supported by continuous multiomic monitoring, might hold the key to identifying novel relationships between interorgan crosstalk, metabolism, and immunity. In this perspective, I aim to discuss the current state of modeling multiorgan physiology and evaluate current opportunities and challenges.
Reactivity of γ‐glutamyl‐cysteine with intracellular and extracellular glutathione metabolic enzymes
Authors: Muraoka Misa , Yoshida Saki , Ohno Moeka , Matsuura Hideyuki , Nagano Kazuya , Hirata Yoshihiko , Arai Masayoshi , Hirata Kazumasa
Published: December 2021

Gamma‐glutamyl‐cysteine (γ‐EC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis. We investigated whether it functions as a substrate for three intracellular and one extracellular GSH metabolic enzymes, which mediate the antioxidant defence function of GSH. Among them, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S‐transferase and γ‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) exhibited substrate specificity for γ‐EC, whereas glutathione reductase did not. The specificities of γ‐EC and its disulphide form to GGT were comparable to GSH and its oxidized form, GSSG respectively. These results indicate that they can supply GSH constituent amino acids, glutamate, cysteine and cystine through degradation by GGT. γ‐EC may contribute valuable antioxidant defence properties as a food and cosmetic additive.
RNA sequencing of glioblastoma tissue slice cultures reveals the effects of treatment at the transcriptional level
Authors: Haehnel Susann , Rade Michael , Kaiser Nicole , Reiche Kristin , Horn Andreas , Loeffler Dennis , Blumert Conny , Rapp Felicitas , Horn Friedemann , Meixensberger Juergen , Renner Christof , Mueller Wolf , Gaunitz Frank , Bechmann Ingo , Winter Karsten
Published: December 2021

One of the major challenges in cancer research is finding models that closely resemble tumors within patients. Human tissue slice cultures are a promising approach to provide a model of the patient's tumor biology ex vivo. Recently, it was shown that these slices can be successfully analyzed by whole transcriptome sequencing as well as automated histochemistry, increasing their usability as preclinical model. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis and little is known about its genetic background and heterogeneity regarding therapy success. In this study, tissue from the tumors of 25 patients with primary GBM was processed into slice cultures and treated with standard therapy (irradiation and temozolomide). Total RNA sequencing and automated histochemistry were performed to enable analysis of treatment effects at a transcriptional and histological level. Slice cultures from long‐term survivors (overall survival [OS] > 24 months) exhibited more apoptosis than cultures from patients with shorter OS. Proliferation within these slices was slightly increased in contrast to other groups, but not significantly. Among all samples, 58 protein‐coding genes were upregulated and 32 downregulated in treated vs. untreated slice cultures. In general, an upregulation of DNA damage‐related and cell cycle checkpoint genes as well as enrichment of genotoxicity pathways and p53‐dependent signaling was found after treatment. Overall, the current study reproduces knowledge from former studies regarding the feasibility of transcriptomic analyses and automated histology in tissue slice cultures. We further demonstrate that the experimental data merge with the clinical follow‐up of the patients, which improves the applicability of our model system.
Altered executive control network connectivity in anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis
Authors: Chen Zhongqin , Zhou Jintao , Wu Dengchang , Ji Caihong , Luo Benyan , Wang Kang
Published: December 2021

Objective

The goal of this study was to examine whether the static functional connectivity (FC) of the executive control network (ECN) and the temporal properties of dynamic FC states in the ECN can characterize the underlying nature of anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (anti‐NMDA) receptor encephalitis and their correlations with cognitive functions.

Methods

In total, 21 patients with anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis past the acute stage and 23 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a set of neuropsychological tests and participated in a resting‐state fMRI study to analyse the static FC of the ECN and the temporal properties of dynamic FC states in the ECN. In addition, correlation analyses were performed to determine the correlations between the FC metrics and cognitive performance.

Results

Patients with anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis past the acute stage showed significant cognitive impairments compared to HCs. In accord with the results of neuropsychological tests, static intrinsic FC alterations and changed dynamic FC metrics of ECN were observed in the patients. Importantly, we observed significant correlations between altered ECN metrics and working memory, information processing speed, executive function performance in the patients.

Interpretation

Our findings suggest that cognitive impairments in patients with anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis past the acute stage are likely related to altered static and dynamic ECN connectivity. These observations may enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive function in this population.
Remember to stay positive: Affect and prospective memory in everyday life
Authors: Pupillo Francesco , Powell Daniel , Phillips Louise H. , Schnitzspahn Katharina
Published: December 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the affect‐cognition interplay in young and older adults by studying prospective memory (PM), the realisation of delayed intentions. While most previous studies on the topic were conducted in the laboratory, we examined the influence of naturally occurring affect on PM tasks carried out in participants' everyday lives. For seven consecutive days, participants were asked to rate their affective state nine times per day and send text messages either at specific times (time‐based PM) or when a particular event occurred (event‐based PM). Results showed that within‐participants changes in valence from more positive to more negative affect were associated with decreased PM performance. This was similarly true for young and older adults. The design used allowed linkage of within‐participants fluctuations of affect and cognitive functions, constituting a methodological advancement. Results suggest that positive affect has the potential to improve cognitive functioning in everyday life.
Organelle‐Specific Anchored Delivery System Stretching a Reversal of Tumor Hypoxia Microenvironment to a Combinational Chemo‐Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Chen Xuerui , Yin Xuelian , Zhan Lin , Zhang Junfeng , Zhang Yuxi , Wu Yinghua , Ju Jiale , Li Yajie , Xue Qianghua , Wang Xu , Li Chenchen , Reis Rui L. , Wang Yanli
Published: December 2021

Direct delivery to an organelle‐specific point can boost the efficacy of therapy procedures to new heights. Among other subcellular organelles, mitochondria generate ATP as intracellular powerhouse, and are associated with multiple aspects of tumorigenesis and tumor development. Here, a mitochondrial anchored biomimetic nanoplatform (CZACN) is designed and its reversal of tumor hypoxia microenvironment underlying the mitochondria‐located chemo‐photothermal therapy is studied. After shuttling into cancer cells, therapeutic payloads including cisplatin (CDDP) and Au nanozymes are controllably released in the ATP‐overexpressed mitochondria. CDDP generates O2•−, forms H2O2 for a chemical fuel in the next reaction, and damages mitochondrial DNA. Meanwhile, the catalase‐like Au nanozymes catalyze the produced hydrogen peroxide for oxygen supply to relieve hypoxic tumor microenvironment, offering cytotoxic singlet oxygen against cancer cells under NIR treatment. As a result of cancer‐cell self‐recognition, mitochondria‐targeted therapy, and photothermal conversion ability, the fabricated CZACNs obtained 89.2 ± 3.70% of tumor growth inhibition under NIR irradiation and constrained the dose‐limiting toxicity of CDDP, as well. These findings reinforce the synergistic effect of organelle‐specific navigation and in situ oxygen self‐sufficiency for combinational chemo‐photothermal therapy.
Anomalous Optoelectric Properties of an Ultrathin Ruthenium Film with a Surface Oxide Layer for Flexible Transparent Conducting Electrodes
Authors: Oh Jae Myoung , Nasir Mohammad , Ryu Byungki , Yun Hyung Joong , Choi Chel‐Jong , Bae Jong‐Seong , Park Hee Jung
Published: December 2021

The growing industrial demand for flexible optoelectric devices has led to intensive researches on highly flexible transparent electrode materials such as graphene, reduced graphene‐oxide (r‐GO), Ag‐nanowire, and 2D metal oxides. However, except Ag‐nanowire, transparent electrode materials having optoelectric properties comparable to that of indium–tin–oxide (ITO) have not yet been developed. In this study, an ultrathin ruthenium film with a ruthenium oxide (RuO2) subsurface layer has been introduced as a flexible transparent electrode. The metallic Ru thin film is fabricated from a RuO2 nanosheet using a layer‐by‐layer coating technique, followed by thermal reduction. The thin film (≈6 nm) reveals comparable sheet resistance and transmittance as that of conventional ITO electrodes. The high transmittance (≈79%) of the metal thin film in the visible range is attributed to the presence of an oxide subsurface layer which acts as antireflection. The Ru film (with oxide subsurface layer) with figure‐of‐merit ≈3.4 × 10−4 Ω−1 shows the best performance among the thin films fabricated using a wet‐chemistry process with 2D nanosheets including graphene, r‐GO, and other metal oxides. In addition, the high mechanical flexibility of Ru thin film makes it next‐generation flexible transparent conducting electrodes, beyond graphene, r‐GO, and 2D metal oxides.
Introducing NO3– into Carbonate‐Based Electrolytes via Covalent Organic Framework to Incubate Stable Interface for Li‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Wen Yucheng , Ding Jieying , Yang Yan , Lan Xuexia , Liu Jun , Hu Renzong , Zhu Min
Published: December 2021

Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) as an effective additive to construct stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is generally applied in ether‐based electrolytes, but its poor solubility in carbonate‐based electrolytes limits further application for Li metal batteries (LMBs). Therefore, an engineering of introducing NO3– into carbonate‐based electrolytes by synthesizing targeted covalent organic framework (EB‐COF:NO3) to modify Li anode for incubating a reliable SEI is reported. Its unique structure not only facilitates the desolvation process of lithium ions (Li+) to accelerate the transport of Li+, but also releases NO3– to form beneficial Li3N, LiNxOy species to in situ construct a stable SEI. With the application of EB‐COF:NO3, the cycling and rate performance of (50 µm) Li//LiFePO4 full cell is comprehensively improved under the conditions of poor electrolyte and high loading, significantly increasing capacity retention from 14% to 94% after 200 cycles. And the high voltage Li//LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 full cell still demonstrates excellent cycling stability with the capacity retention of 92% after 600 cycles. Accordingly, this strategy shares a prospect for the application of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to build a stable SEI for high‐energy‐density LMBs, and also broadens the application of LiNO3 in carbonate‐based electrolytes.
Engineering Pocket‐Like Graphene–Shell Encapsulated FeS2: Inhibiting Polysulfides Shuttle Effect in Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Bochao , Ding Jiawei , Bai Xiangren , Zhang Hanwen , Liang Ming , Zhu Shan , Shi Chunsheng , Ma Liying , Liu Enzuo , Zhao Naiqin , He Fang , Zhou Wei , He Chunnian
Published: December 2021

Resource‐rich FeS2 is a promising anode for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). However, polysulfides emerge due to FeS2 conversion during discharging, which dissolve into the ether‐based electrolyte and cause the continuous capacity degradation in PIBs. To address the polysulfides dissolution in PIBs, a graphene–shell‐encapsulated FeS2 is fabricated and embedded in N/S codoped 3D hollow carbon spheres. As a protective pocket, the graphene–shell can effectively accommodate polysulfides inside the core–shell, inhibiting the polysulfides shuttle effect to enhance cycle stability of electrode. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that graphene–shells have a strong adsorption capacity for polysulfides, and the interfacial interaction between KFeS2 and graphene–shell can boost the K ion mobility. As a result, the composite exhibits superior‐rate properties (524 and 224 mA h g−1 at 0.1 and 8 A g−1, respectively) and long‐term cycle stability. This work demonstrates the promotion and protective effect of the graphene–shell for the FeS2 to storage K from both experimental and computational perspectives. These research outputs can provide guidance for designing other metal‐based sulfide electrodes for PIBs.
Monolithic Task‐Specific Ionogel Electrolyte Membrane Enables High‐Performance Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries in Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Yu Le , Yu Lu , Liu Qing , Meng Tao , Wang Sen , Hu Xianluo
Published: December 2021

Monolithic ionogel electrolyte membranes (IGEMs) based on gelling scaffolds and ionic liquids have aroused intensive interest because of their broad processing compatibility, nonflammability, and favorable thermal and electrochemical features. However, the absence of functional scaffolds that concurrently enable high mechanical strength and Li+ transportability of IGEMs constrains the battery power and safety. Herein, a task‐specific IGEM monolith featuring high Li+ conductivity and outstanding thermal stability is demonstrated, whereby electrospun positively charged poly(ionic liquid) nanofibers serve as a thermotolerant scaffold for the IGEM. Regulating the Li+ environment in the IGEM enables the shift from the sluggish vehicular to fast structural Li‐ion transport mode. With the unique IGEM, the solid‐state Li||LiFePO4 cells achieve improved rate capability and good cyclability in a wide temperature range from 0 to 90 °C. Furthermore, practical solid‐state Li||LiFePO4 pouch cells with a cathode capacity of ≈2 mAh cm−2 have also been demonstrated.
Hydrogenated Oxide Material for Self‐Targeting and Automatic‐Degrading Photothermal Tumor Therapy in the NIR‐II Bio‐Window
Authors: Zhu Qing , Jiang Wei , Ye Ke , Jin Shunru , Dong Wang , Liu Songde , Zhang Guozhen , Tian Chao , Luo Yi , Wang Yucai , Jiang Jun
Published: December 2021

Developing photothermal agents (PTAs) for tumor therapy has three prerequisites: selectively targeting tumors, efficiently converting near‐infrared (NIR) photoenergy to heat, and degrading after the cure. These make up a combination rarely found in one material. Here a metal‐acid treatment is reported to hydrogenate metal oxide, bestowing the produced HxMoO3 with metal‐like electronic structure which enables harvesting NIR‐II light (1000−1350 nm wavelength). Importantly, created by putting acid protons into oxide, the HxMoO3 nanomaterial can resist attacking from protons in acids but is vulnerable to hydroxyl ions in alkaline. After entering biological organism, HxMoO3 PTAs persist long in acidic tumor microenvironment (TME, extracellular pH 6.5–6.9) while degrade quickly under the normal physiological environment (pH 7.2−7.4), naturally causing tumor‐selective accumulation. Under 1064 nm NIR‐II illumination, the HxMoO3 achieves a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 60.9%, leading to a high tumor inhibition rate of ≈97.25%. Such a novel PTAs integrates merits of metal and oxide, opening a door of smart photothermal therapy with self‐adaptive tumor‐accumulation and automatic degradation after tumor hyperthermia.
Bacteria‐Targeting Photodynamic Nanoassemblies for Efficient Treatment of Multidrug‐Resistant Biofilm Infected Keratitis
Authors: Zhu Yiwen , Wu Shijing , Sun Yujie , Zou Xuan , Zheng Liang , Duan Shun , Wang Julin , Yu Bingran , Sui Ruifang , Xu Fu‐Jian
Published: December 2021

Multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR‐P. aeruginosa) cannot be extirpated with any of the antipseudomonal antibiotics available in clinic because P. aeruginosa exhibit natural resistance to antibiotics and form a stable biofilm. Biofilm formed by P. aeruginosa is a leading cause of bacterial keratitis which may cause corneal perforation and even blindness. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising bactericidal method in combatting drug‐resistant bacteria. Unfortunately, the use of broad‐spectrum aPDT that kills bacteria indiscriminately may lead to microbiota imbalance and cause serious side effects in normal cells. Herein, PαGal50‐b‐PGRB20, which can effectively disperse biofilms and selectively kill MDR‐P. aeruginosa inside biofilms by binding to Lec A in the extracellular polymeric substances and on the P. aeruginosa membrane with low phototoxicity caused by broad‐spectrum aPDT, is designed and synthesized. PαGal50‐b‐PGRB20 has bactericidal activities by damaging DNA, RNA, protein, and membrane. In vivo study of the MDR‐P. aeruginosa biofilm infected keratitis model demonstrates the potential of PαGal50‐b‐PGRB20 for a better corneal recovery. This work provides a dedicated antibacterial material for preferentially killing MDR‐P. aeruginosa over normal cells and other bacteria.
Ionic‐Liquid‐Assisted Synthesis of N, F, and B Co‐Doped CoFe2O4−x on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes with Enriched Oxygen Vacancies for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Hu Shunyou , Yi Mingjie , Wu Hao , Wang Tiansheng , Ma Xing , Liu Xiangli , Zhang Jiaheng
Published: December 2021

The “shuttle effect,” sluggish redox kinetics, and short life cycle have seriously restricted the practical application of Li–S batteries. Herein, N, F, and B co‐doped NFBCoFe2O4−x on multiwalled carbon nanotubes’ (MWCNTs) (NFBCoFe2O4−x@MWCNTs) composite material with enriched oxygen vacancies (OVs) introduced by ionic liquids (ILs) does not only exhibit enhanced polysulfides trapping ability but also effectively accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfides. A commercial Celgard polypropylene (PP) 2400 separator with NFBCoFe2O4−x@MWCNTs coating layer is fabricated as a multifunctional barrier for Li–S batteries. As a result, the battery based on the NFBCoFe2O4−x@MWCNTs separator demonstrates a stable electrochemical performance. Even under a high S loading of 8.0 mg cm−2, a desirable areal capacity of 4.62 mAh cm−2 can still be maintained over 200 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C. The prospective strategy of engineering OVs introduced by ILs provides novel insights into the development of Li–S batteries.
Independent Manipulation of Reflection Amplitude and Phase by a Single‐Layer Reconfigurable Metasurface
Authors: Liao Jianming , Guo Shaojun , Yuan Liming , Ji Chen , Huang Cheng , Luo Xiangang
Published: December 2021

Reconfigurable metasurfaces have attracted much attention in recent years due to their flexible capabilities of manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, most of the existing reconfigurable metasurfaces can only modulate either phase or magnitude, severely limiting the scope of their applications. Here, a novel metasurface is proposed that can simultaneously realize dynamic manipulation of reflection magnitude and phase. Such a metasurface is composed of periodic array of a single‐layer metallic structure loaded with two kinds of PIN diodes. By switching the state of one kind of PIN diodes, the 180° reflection phase difference can be obtained, meanwhile, the corresponding magnitude can be dynamically tuned at each phase state by changing the resistance of the other kind of PIN diodes. Compared with previously reported phase coding metasurface, the metasurface can not only control the directions of scattering beams, but also realize the tunable scattering intensity. In addition, it still can generate multibeam radiation with controllable power intensity and different beam number. The above versatile EM functionalities are demonstrated by full‐wave numerical simulation and experimental measurement at microwave frequencies. This study may pave a way to design smart materials and devices for multifunctional EM‐wave manipulation.
Porphyrin Functionalization of CsPbBrI2/SiO2 Core–Shell Nanocrystals Enhances the Stability and Efficiency in Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Wahl Jan , Engelmayer Manuel , Mandal Mukunda , Naujoks Tassilo , Haizmann Philipp , Maier Andre , Peisert Heiko , Andrienko Denis , Brütting Wolfgang , Scheele Marcus
Published: December 2021

Surface ligand exchange on all‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals of composition CsPbBrI2 reveals improved optoelectronic properties due to strong interactions of the nanocrystal with mono‐functionalized porphyrin derivatives. The interaction is verified experimentally with an array of spectroscopic measurements as well as computationally by exploiting density functional theory calculations. The enhanced current efficiency is attributed to a lowering of the charging energy by a factor of 2–3, which is determined by combining electronic and optical measurements on a selection of ligands. The coupled organic–inorganic nanostructures are successfully deployed in a light‐emitting device with higher current efficacy and improved charge carrier balance, magnifying the efficiency almost fivefold compared to the native ligand.
Optical Induction and Erasure of Ferroelectric Domains in Tetragonal PMN‐38PT Crystals
Authors: Chen Xin , Liu Dawei , Liu Shan , Mazur Leszek M. , Liu Xin , Wei Xiaoyong , Xu Zhuo , Wang Junli , Sheng Yan , Wei Zhiyi , Krolikowski Wieslaw
Published: December 2021

PT‐relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit excellent piezoelectric and quadratic nonlinear optical properties, making them prominent candidates for realization of phononic and nonlinear photonic crystals which rely on spatially patterned ferroelectric domains. However, formation of domain patterns, especially in three dimensions, has been challenging. This paper presents the first experimental demonstration of localized ferroelectric domains and their 2D and 3D patterns inside 0.62Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.38PbTiO3 (PMN‐38PT) single‐domain crystals engineered with focused near‐infrared femtosecond laser pulses. Two types of domains are optically induced. Primary domains are formed in the focal volume of the beam, and secondary domains appearing at higher laser power, in the shape of hollow cylindrical structures, are formed around the beam. A physical mechanism of optical domain inversion involving thermoelectric and space charge fields is proposed. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of domain formation and structuring in PMN‐PT relaxor‐based ferroelectrics, paving the way to integrate electromechanical, acoustic, and nonlinear optical effects in a single crystal.
Photoswitchable Anapole Metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Gupta Manoj , Wang Zhiming , Singh Ranjan
Published: December 2021

Nonradiating charge‐current configurations have attracted attention in photonics for the efficient localization of the electromagnetic field. Anapole mode is a unique nonradiating state of light induced by the interference of electric and toroidal dipole that possesses rich physics with potential applications in micro‐nanophotonics. Active control of an anapole is essential for the design and realization of tunable low‐energy photonic devices. Here, an active anapole metasurface device is experimentally demonstrated as a switch for the terahertz waves. The metadevice consists of planar resonators with photoactive inclusions of silicon patches in a hybrid metal–semiconductor configuration. The active element enables dynamic control over the contributions of the multipoles that eventually determine the formation of the exotic anapoles that host extreme nonradiative confinement and its active switching into sub‐radiative Fano resonance and highly radiative electric dipoles. Two orders of magnitude change in the near‐field intensity of the anapole that leads to 201% extinction modulation is further demonstrated. The anapole metadevice provides a platform to efficiently control both the far‐field radiation and near‐field enhancement in metaoptics, promoting active micro‐nanophotonic devices for potential applications in terahertz modulators, lasers, filters, and dynamic near‐field imaging.
Photonic Crystals with Tunable Lattice Structures Based on Anisotropic Metal–Organic Framework Particles and Their Application in Anticounterfeiting
Authors: Chen Shangxian , Bu Donglei , Hu Yang , Xiao Xueping , Yang Dongpeng , Ma Dekun , Huang Shaoming
Published: December 2021

Photonic crystals (PCs) with controllable lattice structures, photonic bandgaps, and brilliant colors are fabricated by the self‐assembly of the monodispersed anisotropic metal–organic framework (MOF) ZIF‐8 particles into long‐range ordered superstructures. The shape parameter (m) of the particles is used to quantify to what degree the particle shape has deformed from that of a perfect sphere (m = 2) and that of a perfect cube (m = ∞). It is experimentally proven that m value is the key for controlling the lattice structures. Three PCs with different m values of ZIF‐8 particles (9.7, 4.7, and 2.5) are found to be simple cubic, rhombohedral, and face‐centered‐cubic structures, respectively. Different from the conventional spherical particles‐based PCs, brilliant colors can be generated from the second‐order diffraction of the nonspherical MOFs‐based PCs. Taking advantage of this unique characteristic, a new information encryption technology is developed by combing the first‐order diffraction of rhombohedral PCs and first‐second‐order diffraction of simple‐cubic PCs. This work paves a way to explore nonspherical particle‐based PCs materials with different crystal forms and provides a new insight in novel optical characteristics of the PCs, which will promote their applications in anticounterfeiting, color displays, and printings.
Persistence of Monoclinic Crystal Structure in 3D Second‐Order Topological Insulator Candidate 1T′‐MoTe2 Thin Flake Without Structural Phase Transition
Authors: Su Bo , Huang Yuan , Hou Yan Hui , Li Jiawei , Yang Rong , Ma Yongchang , Yang Yang , Zhang Guangyu , Zhou Xingjiang , Luo Jianlin , Chen Zhi‐Guo
Published: December 2021

A van der Waals material, MoTe2 with a monoclinic 1T′ crystal structure is a candidate for 3D second‐order topological insulators (SOTIs) hosting gapless hinge states and insulating surface states. However, due to the temperature‐induced structural phase transition, the monoclinic 1T′ structure of MoTe2 is transformed into the orthorhombic Td structure as the temperature is lowered, which hinders the experimental verification and electronic applications of the predicted SOTI state at low temperatures. Here, systematic Raman spectroscopy studies of the exfoliated MoTe2 thin flakes with variable thicknesses at different temperatures, are presented. As a spectroscopic signature of the orthorhombic Td structure of MoTe2, the out‐of‐plane vibration mode D at ≈ 125 cm–1 is always visible below a certain temperature in the multilayer flakes thicker than ≈ 27.7 nm, but vanishes in the temperature range from 80 to 320 K when the flake thickness becomes lower than ≈ 19.5 nm. The absence of the out‐of‐plane vibration mode D in the Raman spectra here demonstrates not only the disappearance of the monoclinic‐to‐orthorhombic phase transition but also the persistence of the monoclinic 1T′ structure in the MoTe2 thin flakes thinner than ≈ 19.5 nm at low temperatures down to 80 K, which may be caused by the high enough density of the holes introduced during the gold‐enhanced exfoliation process and exposure to air. The MoTe2 thin flakes with the low‐temperature monoclinic 1T′ structure provide a material platform for realizing SOTI states in van der Waals materials at low temperatures, which paves the way for developing a new generation of electronic devices based on SOTIs.
Natural Killer Cell Membrane‐Cloaked Virus‐Mimicking Nanogenerator with NIR‐Triggered Shape Reversal and •C/•OH Storm for Synergistic Thermodynamic–Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Lin Jinyan , Li Yang , Wang Peiyuan , Wu Ming , Zhu Fukai , Zhang Yun , Hou Zhenqing , Liu Jingfeng , Liu Xiaolong
Published: December 2021

Free radical‐based anticancer modality has been widely applied to cancer therapies. However, it still faces challenges of low delivery efficiency and poor selectivity of free radical generation specifically toward tumors. Herein, a virus‐mimicking hollow mesoporous disulfide‐bridged organosilica is designed to encapsulate •C precursor 2, 2'‐azobis[2‐(2‐imidazolin‐2‐yl) propane] dihydrochloride (AIPH), which is then enclosed by tannic acid (TA)/FeIII photothermal assembly and further cloaked by natural killer (NK) cell membrane to achieve synergistic thermodynamic–chemodynamic therapy. The nanogenerator can first evade immune surveillance via NK cell membrane “cloaking” mechanism to strongly accumulate in tumors. Interestingly, the NIR laser‐induced heat can trigger NK cell membrane rupture for “shape reversal” to expose a virus‐like surface to amplify the cellular uptake, and simultaneously break the azo bonds of AIPH for in situ controlled •C generation. Then upon glutathione (GSH) triggering, the nanogenerator disintegrates via disulfide–thiol exchange and efficiently generates •OH by lysosomal pH‐initiated TA‐FeIII reaction; notably, the consumption of GSH can amplify oxidative stress to enhance free radical therapy by weakening the self‐defense mechanism of tumor cells. It is envisioned that the NK cell membrane‐cloaked virus‐mimicking and NIR/GSH sequentially activated •C/•OH radical nanogenerator can provide a promising strategy for oxidative stress‐based anticancer therapy.
Bioinspired Thermal Runaway Retardant Capsules for Improved Safety and Electrochemical Performance in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Zhenhai , Rao Shun , Zhang Tianyao , Gao Fei , Xiao Yang , Shali Longfei , Wang Xiaoxu , Zheng Yadan , Chen Yiyuan , Zong Yuan , Li Weifeng , Chen Yupeng
Published: December 2021

Vigorous development of electric vehicles is one way to achieve global carbon reduction goals. However, fires caused by thermal runaway of the power battery has seriously hindered large‐scale development. Adding thermal runaway retardants (TRRs) to electrolytes is an effective way to improve battery safety, but it often reduces electrochemical performance. Therefore, it is difficult to apply in practice. TRR encapsulation is inspired by the core–shell structures such as cells, seeds, eggs, and fruits in nature. In these natural products, the shell isolates the core from the outside, and has to break as needed to expose the core, such as in seed germination, chicken hatching, etc. Similarly, TRR encapsulation avoids direct contact between the TRR and the electrolyte, so it does not affect the electrochemical performance of the battery during normal operation. When lithium‐ion battery (LIB) thermal runaway occurs, the capsules release TRRs to slow down and even prevent further thermal runaway. This review aims to summarize the fundamentals of bioinspired TRR capsules and highlight recent key progress in LIBs with TRR capsules to improve LIB safety. It is anticipated that this review will inspire further improvement in battery safety, especially for emerging LIBs with high‐electrochemical performance.
Beyond the Phase Segregation: Probing the Irreversible Phase Reconstruction of Mixed‐Halide Perovskites
Authors: Li Zhe , Zheng Xin , Xiao Xuan , An Yongkang , Wang Yanbo , Huang Qingyi , Li Xiong , Cheacharoen Rongrong , An Qinyou , Rong Yaoguang , Wang Ti , Xu Hongxing
Published: December 2021

Mixed‐halide perovskites can undergo a photoinduced phase segregation. Even though many reports have claimed that such a phase segregation process is reversible, what happens after phase segregation and its impact on the performance of perovskite‐based devices are still open questions. Here, the phase transformation of MAPb(I1−xBrx)3 after phase segregation and probe an irreversible phase reconstruction of MAPbBr3 is investigated. The photoluminescence imaging microscopy technique is introduced to in situ record the whole process. It is proposed that the type‐I band alignment of segregated I‐rich and Br‐rich domains can enhance the emission of the I‐rich domains by suppressing the nonradiative recombination channels. At the same time, the charge injection from Br‐rich to I‐rich domains drives the expulsion of iodide from the lattice, and thus triggers the reconstruction of MAPbBr3. The work highlights the significance of ion movements in mixed‐halide perovskites and provides new perspectives to understand the property evolution.
High‐Polarity Fluoroalkyl Ether Electrolyte Enables Solvation‐Free Li+ Transfer for High‐Rate Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Dong Liwei , Liu Yuanpeng , Wen Kechun , Chen Dongjiang , Rao Dewei , Liu Jipeng , Yuan Botao , Dong Yunfa , Wu Ze , Liang Yifang , Yang Mengqiu , Ma Jianyi , Yang Chunhui , Xia Chuan , Xia Baoyu , Han Jiecai , Wang Gongming , Guo Zaiping , He Weidong
Published: December 2021

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have aroused extensive interest in the field of energy storage owing to the ultrahigh anode capacity. However, strong solvation of Li+ and slow interfacial ion transfer associated with conventional electrolytes limit their long‐cycle and high‐rate capabilities. Herein an electrolyte system based on fluoroalkyl ether 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl‐1,1,2,3,3,3‐hexafluoropropyl ether (THE) and ether electrolytes is designed to effectively upgrade the long‐cycle and high‐rate performances of LMBs. THE owns large adsorption energy with ether‐based solvents, thus reducing Li+ interaction and solvation in ether electrolytes. With THE rich in fluoroalkyl groups adjacent to oxygen atoms, the electrolyte owns ultrahigh polarity, enabling solvation‐free Li+ transfer with a substantially decreased energy barrier and ten times enhancement in Li+ transference at the electrolyte/anode interface. In addition, the uniform adsorption of fluorine‐rich THE on the anode and subsequent LiF formation suppress dendrite formation and stabilize the solid electrolyte interphase layer. With the electrolyte, the lithium metal battery with a LiFePO4 cathode delivers unprecedented cyclic performances with only 0.0012% capacity loss per cycle over 5000 cycles at 10 C. Such enhancement is consistently observed for LMBs with other mainstream electrodes including LiCoO2 and LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2, suggesting the generality of the electrolyte design for battery applications.
Partially Reduced Titanium Niobium Oxide: A High‐Performance Lithium‐Storage Material in a Broad Temperature Range
Authors: Jiang Tian , Ma Siyuan , Deng Jianbin , Yuan Tao , Lin Chunfu , Liu Meilin
Published: December 2021

The existing electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) generally suffer from poor rate capability at low temperatures, severely limiting their applications in winter and cold climate area. Here, partially reduced TiNb24O62 (PR‐TNO) are reported that demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance in a broad temperature range, notably at low temperatures. Its crystal structure is similar to that of Ti2Nb10O29 upon partial reduction in H2. The titanium and niobium ions in PR‐TNO enable multielectron transfer, safe operation, and high Coulombic efficiencies. Benefiting from the increased electronic conductivity of the partially reduced phase and its robust crystal structure with a large interlayer spacing, PR‐TNO shows fast electron and Li+ transport, small volume change associated with Li+ storage, and notable capacitive behavior, resulting in good electrochemical performance even at very low temperatures. At −20 °C, a large reversible capacity of 313 mAh g−1 is obtained at 0.1C, reaching 83.3% of that at 25 °C. At 5C, high rate capability (58.3% of that at 0.5C) is achieved, only slightly lower than that at 25 °C (60.7%). Furthermore, PR‐TNO demonstrates excellent cyclic stability with 99.2% of the initial capacity after 1680 cycles, confirming its excellent suitability for low‐temperature LIBs.