bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Woven EndoBridge 17 device for intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rodriguez-Calienes Aaron , Castillo-Huerta Nicole M. , Vivanco-Suarez Juan , Vilca-Salas Martha I. , Bustamante-Paytan Diego , Borjas-Calderón Nagheli Fernanda , Bruno-Peña Anyela Flor , Morán‐Mariños Cristian , Algin Oktay , Guerrero Waldo R. , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago
Published: January 2025

Background

The Woven EndoBridge 17 (WEB-17) is the latest advancement in the WEB device family. Comprehensive data on its occlusion rates, procedural complications, and mortality is lacking. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the WEB-17 device in intracranial aneurysms (IAs).

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted from inception to October 2023 across four databases for studies on IAs treated with WEB 17. Primary outcomes included adequate angiographic occlusion at last follow-up and a composite of intraprocedural and postprocedural complications. Comparative meta-analysis between WEB-17 and its predecessor versions (pvWEB) was performed. Subgroup analyses by IA rupture status were also conducted for the primary outcomes.

Results

Eleven studies with 880 patients and 933 IAs were included. Regarding efficacy, the rate of adequate occlusion at last follow-up was 91% (95% CI 86%–94%) and the complete occlusion rate was 69% (95% CI 65%–73%). Safety outcomes demonstrated a composite complication rate of 7% (95% CI 4%–11%), an intraprocedural complication rate of 7% (95% CI 5%–9%; I2 = 0%), and a postprocedural complication rate of 2% (95% CI 1%–5%; I2 = 0%). No differences were found between WEB-17 and pvWEB in terms of adequate occlusion (WEB-17: 87.7% vs pvWEB: 80.4%; OR = 1.35, 95% CI 0.71-2.55) and safety composite outcome (WEB-17: 8.7% vs pvWEB: 10%; OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.51-2.16). Subgroup analysis did not evidence heterogeneity between subgroups.

Conclusions

The WEB-17 device demonstrates promising efficacy and safety profiles for the treatment of IAs. However, these results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited quality of evidence in the included studies. Further prospective, randomized studies are needed to validate these findings.
Insulin resistance compromises midbrain organoid neuronal activity and metabolic efficiency predisposing to Parkinson’s disease pathology
Authors: Zagare Alise , Kurlovics Janis , Almeida Catarina , Ferrante Daniele , Frangenberg Daniela , Vitali Armelle , Gomez-Giro Gemma , Jäger Christian , Antony Paul , Halder Rashi , Krüger Rejko , Glaab Enrico , Stalidzans Egils , Arena Giuseppe , Schwamborn Jens C
Published: January 2025

Growing evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD) through shared disease mechanisms. Studies show that insulin resistance, which is the driving pathophysiological mechanism of T2D plays a major role in neurodegeneration by impairing neuronal functionality, metabolism and survival. To investigate insulin resistance caused pathological changes in the human midbrain, which could predispose a healthy midbrain to PD development, we exposed iPSC-derived human midbrain organoids from healthy individuals to either high insulin concentration, promoting insulin resistance, or to more physiological insulin concentration restoring insulin signalling function. We combined experimental methods with metabolic modelling to identify the most insulin resistance-dependent pathogenic processes. We demonstrate that insulin resistance compromises organoid metabolic efficiency, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress. Additionally, insulin-resistant midbrain organoids showed decreased neuronal activity and reduced amount of dopaminergic neurons, highlighting insulin resistance as a significant target in PD prevention.
Bioengineering strategies targeting angiogenesis: Innovative solutions for osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Zhu Weihong , Xu Zhenmu , Zhou Ding , Xu Jiankun , He Yuchen , Li Zhong Alan
Published: January 2025

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a prevalent orthopedic disorder characterized primarily by compromised blood supply. This vascular deficit results in cell apoptosis, trabecular bone loss, and structural collapse of the femoral head at late stage, significantly impairing joint function. While MRI is a highly effective tool for diagnosing ONFH in its early stages, challenges remain due to the limited availability and high cost of MRI, as well as the absence of routine MRI screening in asymptomatic patients. . In addition, current therapeutic strategies predominantly only relieve symptoms while disease-modifying ONFH drugs are still under investigation/development. Considering that blood supply of the femoral head plays a key role in the pathology of ONFH, angiogenic therapies have been put forward as promising treatment options. Emerging bioengineering interventions targeting angiogenesis hold promising potential for ONFH treatment. In this review, we introduce the advances in research into the pathology of ONFH and summarize novel bioengineering interventions targeting angiogenesis. This review sheds light upon new directions for future research into ONFH.
Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into tendon cells and promotion of rotator cuff tendon-bone healing
Authors: Shen Youliang , Wang Yuelei , Xu Yidan , Wang Jie , Yin Chuqiang , Han Zengshuai , Shen Feng , Wang Ting
Published: January 2025

Rotator cuff tendon injuries often lead to shoulder pain and dysfunction. Traditional treatments such as surgery and physical therapy can provide temporary relief, but it is difficult to achieve complete healing of the tendon, mainly because of the limited repair capacity of the tendon cells. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to explore new treatment methods. In vitro experiments were performed to explore the mechanism of differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) to tendon cells and to evaluate their potential in promoting rotator cuff injury repair. Growth factors such as CTGF, GDF-6, and GDF-7 were used to induce the differentiation of UCMSCs, and gene expression changes during the differentiation process were analyzed by single-cell sequencing. Hes1 overexpression and animal models were constructed to study its role in UCMSCs differentiation and rotator cuff injury repair. CTGF was the optimal factor for inducing the differentiation of UCMSCs into tendon cells. With increasing induction time, UCMSCs exhibited obvious tendon cell characteristics, such as changes in cell morphology and increased expression of tendon-specific proteins (MKX, SCX, and TNC). Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed key cellular subpopulations and signaling pathways during differentiation. Furthermore, overexpression of the Hes1 gene significantly promoted the differentiation of UCMSCs to tendon cells and showed its therapeutic effect in rotator cuff injury repair in an animal model. This study confirmed the potential of UCMSCs in tendon injury repair, especially the critical role of Hes1 in promoting UCMSCs differentiation and rotator cuff tendon-bone healing, which provides a theoretical basis and experimental rationale for the development of new cellular therapeutic strategies.
Entrepreneurship at DigiClap technologies: A multi-startup dilemma
Authors: Sinha Sabyasachi , Virdi Shabnam
Published: January 2025

This case examines a technology startup’s scaling dilemma concerning its future course of action. DigiClap Technologies Private Limited is an IT startup that operates through TripClap and BillClap in two business segments: digital travel and the fintech marketplace. After successfully steering through the formative years in the entrepreneurship journey of a venture, these two businesses are now standing at the doorstep of the growth phase. As both segments present lucrative opportunities, the founders face a scaling dilemma concerning their future. Limited resources, lack of complementarities between ventures, and accompanying challenges are the reasons for the said dilemma. The case delves into the strategic decision-making complexities, offering the founders’ perspective on the entrepreneurial startup’s growth management. It throws light on the intricacies of the venture-building process within the emerging landscape of the increasingly complex IT industry.
Toward cultural interpretability: A linguistic anthropological framework for describing and evaluating large language models
Authors: Jones Graham M , Satran Shai , Satyanarayan Arvind
Published: January 2025

This article proposes a new integration of linguistic anthropology and machine learning (ML) around convergent interests in both the underpinnings of language and making language technologies more socially responsible. While linguistic anthropology focuses on interpreting the cultural basis for human language use, the ML field of interpretability is concerned with uncovering the patterns that Large Language Models (LLMs) learn from human verbal behavior. Through the analysis of a conversation between a human user and an LLM-powered chatbot, we demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of a new, conjoint field of inquiry, cultural interpretability (CI). By focusing attention on the communicative competence involved in the way human users and AI chatbots coproduce meaning in the articulatory interface of human-computer interaction, CI emphasizes how the dynamic relationship between language and culture makes contextually sensitive, open-ended conversation possible. We suggest that, by examining how LLMs internally “represent” relationships between language and culture, CI can: (1) provide insight into long-standing linguistic anthropological questions about the patterning of those relationships; and (2) aid model developers and interface designers in improving value alignment between language models and stylistically diverse speakers and culturally diverse speech communities. Our discussion proposes three critical research axes: relativity, variation, and indexicality.
The Evaluation of Change in Psychosocial Risk With Caregivers of Children With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Short-term Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Piotrowski Caroline C. , Kudar Kira , Strong Julie , Giesbrecht Ashley , Kazak Anne , Pappas Katerina , Rempel Gina , Goldberg Aviva
Published: January 2025

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying safeguards intensified many of the ongoing daily challenges faced by caregivers of young people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) both pre-transplant and post-transplant, and also created a variety of new and pressing concerns. Little is known about how these families managed this unexpected adversity in their lives.

Objective:

To evaluate change in psychosocial risk for families of young people with CKD during the COVID-19 pandemic health emergency from the perspective of caregivers.

Design:

A short-term longitudinal mixed-methods study with a convergent parallel design.

Setting:

Manitoba, Canada.

Participants:

Thirty-six caregivers of young people with CKD participated in a quantitative assessment prior to the pandemic; approximately half were transplant recipients. Thirteen were re-assessed during the pandemic (62% were caregivers of transplant recipients) using both qualitative and quantitative assessments.

Methods:

First, caregivers completed the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) prior to the pandemic. Second, caregivers were re-assessed using the PAT during the pandemic. They were also interviewed about their experiences. Changes in PAT scores over time were evaluated, including an investigation of whether psychosocial risk was related to transplant status. Interviews were coded using thematic analysis. In the interpretation stage, the qualitative findings were combined with the quantitative results to help explain the latter and reach a more fulsome understanding of caregivers’ experience.

Results:

Quantitatively, overall family psychosocial risk scores increased significantly during the pandemic health emergency, as did the domain of Caregiver Problems. Families of transplant recipients were found to be at significantly lower psychosocial risk pre-pandemic than families of transplant candidates. Coding identified Negative Pandemic Experiences, Positive Pandemic Experiences, and Coping Mechanisms. Mixed-methods analyses revealed several areas of convergence and divergence between the quantitative and qualitative findings.

Limitations:

Limitations included a small sample size that limited generalizability, single site data collection, and single caregiver report.

Conclusions:

Although overall family psychosocial risk increased during the pandemic, caregivers described several resilience processes and characteristics. A mixed-method approach provided a unique perspective that highlighted the value of integrating quantitative and qualitative findings. Results were discussed within the pediatric psychosocial preventive health model framework.
Digital tool as speech and language therapy for patients with post-stroke aphasia
Authors: Ruiz Ares Gerardo , Martin Alonso Marta , Rigual Ricardo , Hervás Testal Carlos , Torres Iglesias Gabriel , Casado Fernandez Laura , de Celis Ruiz Elena , Rodríguez Pardo Jorge , Carvajal Muñoz Jenny , González Martín Laura , Alonso de Leciñana María , Fuentes Blanca
Published: January 2025

Introduction

New technologies could play a role in post-stroke aphasia (PSA). Our aims were to develop a digital tool; to evaluate its acceptance and usability by patients and caregivers; and to demonstrate its effectiveness in improving language skills in patients with PSA, applying it from the acute phase.

Methods

The study consisted of two phases: development of a digital tool; and an interventional before-and-after study. During the first week of admission, the digital tool, VerbalizAPP®, was installed for use with the help of family/caregivers. PSA was evaluated by a summarised version of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (sBDAE) with 0–64 points. After 3 months of using VerbalizAPP®, the sBDAE and scales to assess user satisfaction were applied.

Results

Forty patients (29 men, mean age 68.3 years) were included. Aphasia description: Broca's 12 (15.0%), Wernicke's 13 (32.5%), mixed/global 15 (37.5%) cases. Patients began using VerbalizAPP® 4.8 days (range 2–7) after stroke onset. A significant improvement in sBDAE scores was found after 3 months of VerbalizAPP® use: 35.1 (SD 17.6) versus 51.1 (SD 14.4) points; p < .001. Academic level was the only baseline parameter related to outcomes. Comfort of use scored 8.8, and complexity 2.2 points. Expectations were exceeded in 61.1%, and impression of improvement in 83.3% of cases. No adverse effects were reported, and all participants would recommend VerbalizAPP® to other patients.

Conclusions

Our results show the effectiveness of VerbalizAPP® for the treatment of PSA. However, larger prospective validation studies should be conducted to recommend its widespread use.
Internet Memes as Stabilizers of Conspiracy Culture: A Cognitive Anthropological Analysis
Authors: Godwin Emily , Davidson Brittany I. , Hill Tim , Joinson Adam
Published: January 2025

Internet memes have emerged as the de facto language of the internet, where standardized memetic templates and characters distill and communicate narratives in simple, shareable formats. While prior research has highlighted their broad appeal as they traverse diverse audiences, their cultural function within online communities has received less attention. To investigate this function, we draw on cognitive anthropological conceptualizations of culture and theorize internet memes as “cultural representations.” We analyze 544 memes shared across two interconnected conspiratorial subreddits about COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022, employing a combination of content and thematic analysis. In doing so, we demonstrate that community members selectively engage with standardized memetic elements that resonate with their “conspiracist worldview.” Specifically, elements conveying the enduring “cultural themes” of Deception, Delusion, and Superiority function as “cultural resources” that stabilize the community’s culture. As such, we make three contributions. First, by theorizing internet memes as cultural representations, we demonstrate their stabilizing cultural function. Second, by showing how internet memes are used in online conspiratorial communities, we highlight their role in maintaining group cohesion and alleviating contention. Finally, we advance a revised methodological approach for the study of memetic communication.
An Innovative Clinic-Based Intervention to Improve Adolescent Access to Sexual and Mental Health Services: The Total Teen Program
Authors: Garney Whitney , Han Gan , Esquivel Christi , Garcia Kristen , Ajayi Kobi V. , Wilson Kelly
Published: January 2025

Objective:

Adolescents encounter numerous healthcare access barriers, leading to poor health outcomes. Researchers developed the Total Teen (TT) program to improve access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and mental health (MH) services in settings providing adolescents and young adults (12-25) health services. This pilot study assessed the TT’s impact on care across three settings: school-based health clinics, a federally qualified health center, and an adolescent health clinic for 12 weeks.

Methods:

Sociodemographic data, including age, race/ethnicity, gender, and insurance status, were collected. MH was assessed using patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)-2 scales, and sexual health was evaluated based on CDC guidelines and additional evidence-based questions. One-on-one time, confidential consultations, SRH and MH micro visits, and referrals measured access. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Chi-square tests, and Kruskal–Wallis tests compared site outcomes, while logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, race, and site.

Results:

Four hundred and fifty-one participated in the TT program across the three sites. Concerning micro visits and referrals, being male was associated with lower depression rates ( P = .0003) and generalized anxiety disorder ( P = .0099). Being males also predicted micro visit receipt ( P = .0199). Concerning SRH micro visits, higher sexual behavior scores ( P < .0001) were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of utilizing SRH micro visits.

Conclusions:

Results indicate that TT improves access to SRH and MH services and referrals for at-risk adolescents. Findings underscore the importance of integrating SRH and MH services into routine adolescent care and involving health organizations and providers as key stakeholders in enhancing preventive healthcare access.
Outcomes in Late Presenting Obstructed Infracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection—Single Centre Experience
Authors: Patel Kartik , Kakkar Deepti , Pandya Himani , Kothari Shyam S , Sheth Megha , Patel Herin , Gajjar Trushar , Mishra Amit
Published: January 2025

Background

Survival beyond one month of age is rare in children born with obstructed infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). There are limited data available on surgical outcomes of the same subset. We conducted this retrospective study to identify risk factors associated with surgical outcomes in this patient population.

Method

We present a retrospective study of patients presenting at our institute with obstructed infracardiac TAPVC surviving beyond one month of age during the period from January 2015 to August 2019 (n = 14). Data reviewed included demographic parameters, preoperative laboratory results, echocardiogram images, and computed tomography if performed. Intraoperative as well as postoperative data including type of surgery, use of deep hypothermic arrest, mortality, and morbidity were noted. Follow-up clinical data were also collected from institutional record or telephonically. We have also collected echocardiographic data on follow up.

Results

The mean age of our study cohort was 2.14 ± 0.68 months. Out of 14 total patients 3 patients eventually died. Risk factors that were significantly associated with mortality were low weight (odds ratio [OR] = 7.8, P = .005), preoperative bilirubin level (OR = 7.4, P = .007), use of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (OR = 4.6, P = .031), tricuspid regurgitation grade (OR = 3.8, P = .050), and pulmonary artery hypertension (OR = 10.5, P = .001). Mean follow up for the study cohort was 2189 ± 538 days. One patient has mild flow acceleration across the anastomosis with a gradient of 5/3 mm Hg without any symptoms. The remainder of the patients are alive with excellent clinical as well as echocardiographic outcome.

Conclusion

The presentation of infants with obstructed infracardiac TAPVC beyond one month of age is very rare. However, timely intervention can provide acceptable early and excellent late outcomes in this rare patient cohort.
Exploring Liminal Spaces in Older Age: Navigating the Enduring State of Dual Sensory Impairment (DSI)
Authors: Dunsmore Moira E. , Schneider Julie , McKenzie Heather , Gillespie James A.
Published: January 2025

Dual sensory impairment (DSI), a combination of vision and hearing loss, presents significant social and physical challenges to older adults and their social networks. Despite its growing global prevalence, DSI is underexplored in extant literature and receives little attention in health policy or ageing research. This qualitative study explores the social experiences of older adults with DSI in Australia. Using data from 15 ( n = 15) intensive interviews with older adults, this study applies constructivist Grounded Theory (GT) methodology to examine the social experiences of older persons with DSI. This study conceptualizes the social experiences of DSI as an “enduring state,” representing the ongoing social effort involved in the daily life work of DSI. These findings suggest that a socially inclusive and interdisciplinary approach to future service, research and practice has capacity to bridge the social gap that currently exists in health and social care for the older DSI family.
Reverse Diaspora Tourism as a New Concept in Tourism: A Study on Turkish-Kazakh Diasporas
Authors: Karakan Halil İbrahim , Çolak Okan , Mete Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Reverse diaspora tourism is a form of international tourism in which the diaspora is visited by tourists from the home country, as opposed to diasporas visiting their home countries. This study aims to introduce the concept of reverse diaspora tourism to the literature and to highlight the economic, social, and cultural significance of the travel behavior and spending patterns of “reverse diaspora tourists” by comparing them with traditional diaspora mobility. The case study method, a qualitative research design, was used in this study. In this context, a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions was developed. Criterion sampling and disproportionate stratified sampling techniques were used to select the sample. In this context, face-to-face and e-mail interviews were conducted with 30 Kazakh diasporas living in Turkey and 30 Turkish diasporas living in Kazakhstan. The data collected from the participants were subjected to thematic analysis using the MAXQDA 2020 analysis program. The study revealed that reverse diaspora tourism is superior to diaspora tourism in terms of economic factors such as number of visitors, overnight stays, and tourism expenditure. In addition, reverse diaspora tourism makes an important social and cultural contribution to destinations. This study is original in that it introduces the concept of reverse diaspora tourism to the literature.
Understanding Chinese MA Students’ Interpersonal Stance of Anticipatory “It” Patterns: Using Corpus Results to Guide Questionnaire and Discourse-Based Interview
Authors: Chen Jing , Jiang Yi
Published: January 2025

Anticipatory “it” pattern, which encodes interpersonal stance, plays a crucial role in academic writing. While previous studies have been explored the overuse and the underuse of this pattern among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners and published writers, there has been limited exploration of how EFL learners use the anticipatory “it” pattern to express interpersonal stance in their academic writing. This study examines the relationship between Chinese MA students’ perceptions of interpersonal stance and their use of anticipatory “it” patterns in academic writing. Utilizing a self-compiled corpus of Chinese MA theses corpus, supplemented by a questionnaire and discourse-based interviews, this research aims to identify factors influencing students’ motivations to employ this pattern. Applying Hewings and Hewings’ functional typology of interpersonal functions of the “it” clause, the results reveal varying correlations across four categories of interpersonal functions in Chinese MA theses. These findings offer valuable insights into the nuanced relationship between students’ perceptions of interpersonal stance and their use of anticipatory “it” pattern, with implications for teaching and learning academic English writing.
Effects of Strategy-based Instruction on Chinese EFL Learners’ Writing Enjoyment: A Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Hu Nan , Zhang Ci
Published: January 2025

While research into strategy-based instruction and language learning emotions has been thriving over decades as respective domains, research on how strategy-based interventions may influence learners’ writing enjoyment has largely remained unexplored. Informed by (Positive Psychology) PP theories, this mixed-methods study aims to investigate the impact of strategy-based writing instruction on Chinese EFL undergraduates’ writing enjoyment. The experimental group ( N = 55) received a 6-step writing strategy teaching cycle, while the control group ( N = 51) received conventional instruction focusing on linguistic knowledge. Participants’ levels of writing enjoyment were assessed through pretest, immediate posttest, and delayed posttest questionnaires. Qualitative data from diaries and interviews provided further insights into the emotional factors at play. Results revealed that strategy-based instruction had a more lasting effect in increasing private enjoyment than traditional approaches. The study also explored the underlying factors contributing to emotional changes and the sources of writing enjoyment. These findings contribute to the field of strategy-based instruction and emotions, particularly in L2 writing and enjoyment, providing useful insights for classroom pedagogy.
How does cultural capital influence academic achievement in the Chinese context? A systematic literature review
Authors: Xie Fenlian , Hutagalung Fonny Dameaty
Published: January 2025

This article reviewed how cultural capital theory is applied in China, focusing on the definition of cultural capital, the aspects of cultural capital most relevant to academic achievement, and the association between cultural capital and academic achievement. The review encompassed empirical studies published between 2001 and 2024, sourced from both English and Chinese databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, and ProQuest, CNKI, Weipu, and Wanfang. A total of 20 quantitative and qualitative studies were included. Based on a convergent segregated approach, the article suggests that cultural capital in the Chinese context is defined as a cultural resource consisting of skills, knowledge, and dispositions that are acknowledged and rewarded in schools. In contrast to the focus on highbrow culture in Western research, parent-child reading, participation in shadow education, and English proficiency are emphasized as core aspects of cultural capital in the Chinese context. Additionally, the article finds a weaker association between cultural capital and academic achievement in China. These findings provide new insights into social reproduction in China, extending Bourdieu’s cultural capital theory, which suggests that unequal competition between classes exists within the family, to competition outside the family, such as shadow education and the acquisition of English language skills. Finally, this article discussed the applicability of lower-class cultural capital and provided directions for future research.
Distrust Spillover in Sharing Accommodation: Evidence From Airbnb in Beijing
Authors: Jin Xin , Wang Bo , Ma Ning
Published: January 2025

The expansion of sharing accommodation has raised concerns about consumer distrust. Scholars have increasingly focused on studying the negative effects of distrust spillover in this field. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing distrust spillover, understand its mechanism, and propose effective methods to prevent it. Based on triadic reciprocal determinism and trust transfer theory, the study developed a model of distrust origins, transmission, and spillover. Beijing Airbnb listings data were collected and analyzed using sentiment analysis, machine learning, and econometric statistics in English and Chinese languages. The findings revealed that guests’ distrust results in two types of spillover: affecting individual repurchase decisions and influencing potential consumers consumption intentions. And the study identified a window period threshold for the spillover of guests’ distrust, where experiencing more than three failure experiences lead to a spillover effect on consumer decision-making. By monitoring consumer failure experiences, controlling the window period, and addressing negative impressions of hosts, the impact of distrust spillover could be mitigated. This study served as a clue for hosts and platforms in the sharing accommodation industry, highlighting the dual spillover effects of guests’ distrust. It also provided strategic support for the development of sharing accommodations and contributed to optimizing service.
Understanding the gap between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours: a study on the acceptance of negative emotions in workers / Comprendiendo la brecha entre actitudes y conductas proambientales: un estudio sobre la aceptación de emociones negativas entre trabajadores
Authors: Ballarotto Giulia , Velotti Patrizia
Published: January 2025

Research has found a gap between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours that has not been understood yet. While studies have highlighted the important role of the cost/benefit evaluation, most of these studies did not consider emotional factors in this evaluation. We aimed to assess the role of emotional factors (i.e., empathy and emotional regulation) in the association between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours. Specifically, we aimed to verify whether the non-acceptance of own negative emotions could moderate the relationship between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours in a sample of corporate employees. We assessed pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours, empathy and emotional regulation in N = 1,432 Italian employees. Findings showed that the sample was divided into two clusters based on their levels of empathy and emotional dysregulation. Employees with high cognitive emotion functions showed more pro-environmental behaviours than employees with high affective emotion functions. Furthermore, results showed the partial moderation role of non-acceptance in the pro-environmental attitude–behaviour relationship. Important implications in implementing intervention programmes are discussed.
Frontline Voice: AO Spine Member Survey Regarding Spine Oncology Knowledge Generation and Translation Needs
Authors: Goodwin Matthew L. , Loomans Janneke I. , Barzilai Ori , Dea Nicolas , Gasbarrini Alessandro , Lazáry Aron , Netzer Cordula , Reynolds Jeremy , Rhines Laurence , Sahgal Arjun , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan , Fisher Charles G. , Laufer Ilya , on behalf of AO Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor
Published: January 2025

Study Design

cross-sectional survey.

Objectives

To evaluate AO Spine members’ practices and comfort in managing metastatic and primary spine tumors, explore the use of decision-support and patient assessment tools, and identify knowledge gaps and future needs in spine oncology.

Methods

An online survey was distributed to AO Spine members to query comfort levels with key decisions in spinal oncology management, utilization of decision frameworks and spine oncology-specific instruments, and educational material preferences.

Results

Responses were obtained from 381 members across 82 countries. Most respondents were orthopedic spine surgeons (62%) or neurosurgeons (36%), with 42% performing 100-200 spine surgeries per year. Extradural primary and metastatic tumors were managed by 84% and 95% of respondents, respectively, with survival and frailty assessment tools used for both. While most surgeons felt comfortable determining when emergency surgery was needed (81% for primary and 82% for metastatic tumors), nuanced decisions about surgical timing were more challenging. Surgeons also noted challenges in tailoring the oncologic surgical plan to what the patient could safely tolerate. There was a strong desire for guidelines on tumor-related spinal pain (85%), treatment timing (85%), stabilization (85%), and glucocorticoid use for symptomatic extradural metastatic tumors (77%). Interest was high for classification systems for spine tumor pain (65%) and stabilization decisions (80%).

Conclusions

Additional support is needed in decision-making regarding surgical timing, patient selection, and tailoring treatment invasiveness to life expectancy and frailty. Surgeons seek further guidance to prevent neurologic deterioration and optimize recovery. Guidelines and classification systems were highly coveted for daily practice.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of fibroadipogenic progenitors in muscle disease
Authors: Hogarth Marshall W , Kurukunda Medha P , Ismat Karim , Uapinyoying Prech , Jaiswal Jyoti K
Published: January 2025

Skeletal muscle relies on its inherent self-repair ability to withstand continuous mechanical damage. Myofiber-intrinsic processes facilitate the repair of damage to sarcolemma and sarcomeres, but it is the coordinated interaction between muscle-resident satellite and stromal cells that are crucial in the regeneration of muscles to replace the lost muscle fibers. Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), are muscle-resident mesenchymal cells that are notable for their role in creating the dynamic stromal niche required to support long-term muscle homeostasis and regeneration. While FAP-mediated extracellular matrix formation and the establishment of a homeostatic muscle niche are essential for maintaining muscle health, excessive accumulation of FAPs and their aberrant differentiation leads to the fibrofatty degeneration that is a hallmark of myopathies and muscular dystrophies. Recent advancements, including single-cell RNA sequencing and in vivo analysis of FAPs, are providing deeper insights into the functions and specialization of FAPs, shedding light on their roles in both health and disease. This review will explore the above insights, discussing how FAP dysregulation contributes to muscle diseases. It will offer a concise overview of potential therapeutic interventions targeting FAPs to restore disrupted interactions among FAPs and muscle-resident cells, ultimately addressing degenerative muscle loss in neuromuscular diseases.
Genetic landscape of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease in Vietnam: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Nghia Hoang Tien Trong , Umapathi Thirugnanam , Duc Nguyen Minh , Hieu Nguyen Le Trung , Thao Mai Phuong
Published: January 2025

Background:

In many developing regions, genetic data on Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) remains scarce.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the genetic landscape of CMT in Vietnam to guide the development of cost-effective diagnostic algorithms for patients with suspected genetic neuropathies.

Methods:

We recruited 44 patients with a diagnosis of CMT from three tertiary centers between March 2021 and December 2023 and recorded their clinical and electrophysiological characteristics. All patients were analyzed for duplications or deletions of PMP22, GJB1, MPZ, and MFN2 via multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and for 94 genes via targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). The identified variants were classified per the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics 2015 guidelines using VarSome, a bioinformatics engine.

Results:

Among 44 patients, 24 carried a total of 26 variants. Of these 26 variants, 15 were (57.7%) pathogenic, 6 (23.1%) were likely pathogenic, and 5 (19.2%) were variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Excluding the VUS, the diagnostic yield of the targeted sequencing was 43.2% (19/44). Through MLPA, PMP22 duplications were identified in 10 patients with the demyelinating type of CMT and 1 patient with the unclassified CMT type. The combined yield of MLPA and gene panels was 68.2% (30/44). We detected three novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in GJB1, INF2, and IGHMBP2, as well as three novel VUS in MPZ, PMP22, and INF2. IGHMBP2 may represent the most prevalent autosomal recessive gene associated with CMT in Vietnam.

Conclusions:

We propose a sequential genetic testing approach for CMT in resource-limited settings, with the initial testing via MLPA for demyelinating CMT, followed by NGS for those who test negative. Our findings broaden the CMT genotype–phenotype profile of the Vietnamese population by identifying six novel candidate variants.
Utility of a Wearable Tracker to Assess Sleep Quality in Nurses and Their Spouses: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ishinuki Tomohiro , Goda Erika , Tatsumi Hiroomi , Kutomi Goro , Ohyanagi Toshio , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Masuda Yoshiki , Hui Thomas T. , Mizuguchi Toru
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Sleep disturbances among nurses engaged in night duty and their spouses need to be improved to ensure their ability to provide care and perform daily tasks. Therefore, an objective investigation is needed to establish a sleep improvement strategy.

Objective

To investigate the utility of a sleep tracker to assess sleep quality in nurses and spouses.

Method

Nurses ( n = 30) and spouses ( n = 30) wore a sleep tracker for 14 days to investigate sleep scores. Sleep quality and number of steps were evaluated by Fitbit. They responded to the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting sleep quality.

Results

Factors affecting sleep scores in nurses were hypnotic medication, night duty, and steps, while those in spouses were mental instability, hypnotic medication, alcohol, night duty, and steps. Factors affecting the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire in nurses were household chores, night duty, and steps, while those in spouses were hypnotic medication and steps.

Conclusion

The sleep quality of nurses was affected by household chores, hypnotic medication, night duty, and steps. Besides the factors of nurses, spouses were affected by mental instability and alcohol. Night duty affected negativity in both nurses and spouses. Steps exerted positive effects in both the sleep tracker and the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. The sleep tracker may be useful for identifying factors that improve sleep quality.
Self-reported health status of patients with acute retinal ischemia and stroke related hemianopia
Authors: Rimmele David Leander , Petersen Elina L , Schrage Theresa , Härter Martin , Kriston Levente , Thomalla Götz
Published: January 2025

Background:

We aimed to assess impairments on health-related quality of life, and mental health resulting from Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with monocular visual field loss and posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS) with full or partial hemianopia using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods:

In a prospective study, consecutive patients with acute RAO on fundoscopy and PCIS on imaging were recruited during their surveillance on a stroke unit over a period of 15 months. Baseline characteristics were determined from medical records and interviews. Health-related quality of life (PROM Information System 10-Question-Short-Form, PROMIS-10), and mental health symptoms (Patient-Health-Questionnaire-4, PHQ-4) were assessed 3 and 12 months after admission postally and via phone.

Results:

Ffity-seven patients with RAO and 19 with isolated full or partial hemianopia determined by the NIHSS (median = 2; IQR:0/2) according to PCIS were included. Characteristics of cardiovascular risk factors, and functional status pre-stroke were comparable between the groups. At 3 months, mean ± standard deviation T-scores of PROMIS physical and mental health were 47.1 ± 8.8 and 46.7 ± 8.8 for patients with RAO, and 43.4 ± 9.8 and 43.2 ± 6.2 for PCIS. Compared to 50 ± 10 in the general population, scores after RAO ( p = 0.04; p = 0.02) and PCIS ( p = 0.01; p < 0.001) were lower in both domains after 3 months. Concerning PCIS, scores in the mental health domain remained decreased at 12 months ( p = 0.04). On the PHQ-4, 25% of patients with RAO, and 62% with PCIS scored indicative for anxious and/or depressive syndromes at 3 months.

Conclusions:

RAO led only to partial and to less persistent mental impairments than PCIS. This suggests that a different approach involving complex visual and neuropsychological treatment over a longer period of time needs to be considered for post-stroke care of PCIS.

Trial Registration Information:

The trial was submitted at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , under NCT03795948.
Current advances and challenges in mpox vaccine development: a global landscape
Authors: Shafaati Maryam , Forghani Shayan , Shahsavand Davoudi Amirhossein , Samiee Reza , Mohammadi Keyhan , Akbarpour Samaneh , Seifi Arash , Salehi Mohammadreza , Zare Maryam
Published: January 2025

Given the surge in mpox outbreaks in 2022 and the advancements in domestic and international vaccine research, the effectiveness of smallpox vaccines in providing cross-protection against mpox remains crucial. Having learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is significant to continue evaluating existing vaccines to ensure their safety and efficacy. Developing new vaccines for widespread use against mpox and its emerging strains also serves as a preventive strategy in the ongoing battle against this dynamic infection. Here’s an opportunity to control human-to-human transmission, give short deadlines, and avoid vaccine disparity. Public health systems must take decisive action to prevent the global spread of mpox, particularly among vulnerable groups. This action should include strengthening global surveillance, improving vaccine access, and ensuring equitable distribution, particularly in resource-poor settings, to prevent future outbreaks. This review aims to assess recent advancements and barriers in mpox vaccine development, emphasizing cross-protection and equitable vaccine distribution in resource-poor settings.
Remodeling of ER Membrane Contact Sites During Cell Division
Authors: Yu Fang , Machaca Khaled
Published: January 2025

Membrane contact sites (MCS) provide specialized conduits for inter-organelle communications to maintain cellular homeostasis. Most organelles are interconnected, which supports their coordination and function. M-phase (mitosis or meiosis) is associated with dramatic cellular remodeling to support cell division, including the equal distribution of organelles to the two daughter cells. However, the fate of MCS in M-phase is poorly understood. Here we review recent advances arguing for differential remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) MCS with the plasma membrane (PM, ERPMCS) and the mitochondria (MERCS) during cell division.
The Importance of Gratitude and Hope for Coping in Times of Adversity: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Meaning of Strength-Based Approaches for Survivors of Sexual Violence and Those Who Supported Them During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Colyer Victoria , Kewley Stephanie
Published: January 2025

Whilst previous studies have begun to provide information regarding the benefits of gratitude and hope in relation to sexual violence survivors (SVS), the current understanding of how this facilitates coping is still limited and subject to narrow methods of inquiry. The purpose of this study was to explore how gratitude and hope impacted the well-being of three SVS and three support staff at Chester Sexual Abuse Support Services (CSASS) and is an important area for exploration due to the additional adversity of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis revealing two superordinate themes directly related to gratitude and hope. Understanding strengths-based strategies adopted by SVS and those who support them is critical when considering times of adversity. We, therefore, highlight how our findings might be used in future research and practice contexts.
Not getting better but not getting worse: A cluster randomized controlled pilot trial of a leadership implementation strategy
Authors: Locke Jill , Corbin Catherine M. , Goosey Roger , Collins Vaughan K. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Hatch Kurt , Espeland Christine , Lyon Aaron R.
Published: January 2025

Background

Implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in schools is fraught with challenges. Even when EBPs are initiated, deterioration of implementation efforts often hinders their long-term success. School leadership behaviors can influence teachers’ EBP implementation. Our study tested an implementation strategy called Helping Educational Leaders Mobilize Evidence (HELM), adapted from the Leadership and Organizational Change for Implementation strategy, to enhance EBP implementation through improvements in school leadership teams’ implementation leadership and climate to buffer against the deterioration of implementation efforts. This study explores the impact of HELM on theorized mechanisms of change (i.e., implementation leadership, climate), educator-level factors (i.e., implementation citizenship), and implementation outcomes (i.e., fidelity, initiative stability).

Method

One school district and 10 schools in Washington participated. Five of the schools were randomized to receive the HELM strategy and the remaining five schools received an alternative leadership training as an implementation attention control. Teachers at every school ( n = 341) received training for an EBP called Positive Greetings at the Door that has been previously demonstrated to reduce student behavior problems. Principals and Assistant Principals ( n = 18) received the HELM strategy or alternative leadership training. Three district Administrators also participated in HELM as part of the Organizational Strategy Development meetings.

Results

HELM significantly slowed the average decline of implementation leadership (perseverant leadership and communication), three dimensions of implementation climate (recognition, rewards, and existing supports) and total implementation climate, and one dimension of implementation citizenship (keeping informed). No significant effects were found with regard to implementation outcomes (i.e., fidelity, initiative stability).

Conclusions

HELM shows promise in buffering the deterioration of EBP implementation efforts in schools. HELM positively influenced implementation leadership and climate, which are the hypothesized mechanisms for promoting successful long-term implementation efforts. An appropriately powered trial is needed to determine the efficacy of HELM in the future. Name of the registry: clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration number: NCT06340074 Date of registration: March 29, 2024. Retrospectively registered URL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06340074?intr=helm&rank=