bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eugenia uniflora L. fruit: A review on its Chemical Composition and Bioactivity
Authors: dos Santos pereira Elisa , de Oliveira Raphaelli Chirle , Vinholes Juliana Rocha , Ribeiro Jardel Araújo , Fiorentini Ângela Maria , Nora Leonardo , Vizzotto Márcia
Published: September 2021

The fruits (pitanga) of Eugenia uniflora L. (pitangueira) have pleasant sensory attributes,
described as acid, sweet and exotic flavors, and high content of bioactive compounds with
antioxidant effects. The botanical characteristics, nutritional, sensory and pharmaceutical properties
of leaves and fruits of pitangueira have already been described in several publications, but the
information available has never been systematized through a wide literature review such as that carried
out in the present study.This study reveals that pitanga is a source of fibers, vitamins A and C,
minerals, phenolic compounds and carotenoids. The phenolic compounds myricetin and quercetin,
and the carotenoids lycopene, γ-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin are the fruit’s major compounds. Furthermore,
in the essential oil of this fruit, compounds beneficial to health, such as oxygenated
sesquiterpenes, were found. These compounds, in an in vitro study, were related to the reduction/reversal
of damage caused by oxidative stress and inhibition of key enzymes linked to diabetes, dyslipidemia
and Alzheimer's. Several studies reveal potential health benefits (antidepressant, anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, anti-proliferative
and anti-neurodegenerative activities) resulting from bioactive compounds present in the leaf
or fruit of the pitangueira. This review shows the promising use of this species for the prevention
and control of different diseases and its potential for pharmaceutical and food purposes.
Recent Reports of Plants as DNA Protection Agents
Authors: Raza Muniba , Batool Salma , Razzaq Rabia , Asim Laiba , Deeba Farah , Sohail Muhammad Farhan , Ahmad Muhammad Sheeraz , Saleem Rahman Shah Zaib
Published: September 2021

Background:

DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to cell death, tissue damage and may contribute towards the onset of several chronic diseases.

Objective:

Plants carry a cocktail of compounds like flavonoids, polyphenolics, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids that have shown promising pharmacological potential in treating various illnesses responsible for high mortality. Some of the plant-derived compounds carry the potential to shield the DNA from damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of this article is to present recent reports of plant extracts and natural products as DNA protecting agents in one place.

Methods:

This review summarizes the plant-based extracts and isolated compounds with promising DNA protection activities against ROS induced damage. The antioxidant potential of plants is assessed using various antioxidant assays like DPPH assay, FRAP assay, and H2O2assay. Further, the DNA protection of the extract is validated by using a plasmid protection assay. The mechanism of protection generally involves the scavenging of ROS by the antioxidants present in plant extracts.

Results and Conclusion:

This review summarizes the work done on plant-based compounds for their antioxidant and DNA protection abilities invitro. However, in vivo evaluation of promising plants is the need of time.
‘For better or for worse, there is history, there is the book and then there's the movie’: Foregrounding and Marginalizing African American Women in the Film Hidden Figures (2016)
Authors: Frühwirth Timo , Bechtold Philipp , Güner Elisabeth , Krutner Marie-Theres
Published: September 2021

This paper critically examines the representation of gender and race in the biographical drama film Hidden Figures (2016), directed by Theodore Melfi. The film is based on Margot Lee Shetterly’s nonfiction book of the same title, which spotlights previously hidden figures in US history: the black female mathematicians who worked in the early US space program. The movie was released to critical acclaim and embraced by audiences as empowering African American girls. At the same time, the film was criticized for including a ‘white savior’ scene in which the black female protagonists are marginalized.

After providing background information on Shetterly’s book and the film’s critical reception, this paper conducts a close formal analysis of a pivotal sequence in the film, which is compared to the events told in the nonfiction book. To shed light on the power structures that the film sequence projects, the results of this analysis are, subsequently, related to critical theoretical approaches to Hollywood cinema, as well as to Sara Ahmed’s concept of ‘affective economies.’ In conclusion, we argue that Hollywood filmmakers’ expectations about the desires of ‘mainstream’ audiences work to perpetuate the repression of previously repressed herstory on the ‘silver screen.’
Access, Use, and Patient-Reported Experiences of Emergency Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Population-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Gray Jodi , Partington Andrew , Karnon Jonathan
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

An increase in the number of people presenting to emergency departments (EDs) is contributing to ED overcrowding. In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant reduction in the number of ED presentations in Australia, creating an opportunity to learn from patients’ experiences of alternative management options.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to report on the use and experience of health services by Australian adults experiencing a health issue during the COVID-19 pandemic for which they would have presented at an ED prior to the pandemic.

METHODS

An online survey was conducted in May 2020. Reported health issues were categorized using an existing classification system. Data collected included demographics, care pathways, levels of concern at times of health issue and survey completion, and patient-reported experiences with care.

RESULTS

A total of 1289 eligible respondents completed the survey. Almost 25% (309/1289) of respondents avoided an ED presentation, of which 58% (179/309) used an alternative form of health care and 42% (130/309) self-managed. Respondents making face-to-face or telehealth appointments with their general practitioner (GP) reported high levels of ED avoidance (135/286, 47%) and mostly positive experiences of care provided by GPs. A high proportion of those who self-managed reported high levels of concern at the time of completing the survey (42/130, 32%).

CONCLUSIONS

Telehealth consultations with GPs may be a more promotable alternative to the ED beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, providing easier access to a doctor with access to patients’ medical histories than an appointment for a face-to-face consultation. GP telehealth consultations may also address barriers to accessing health care for those with potentially the greatest need. The reported use and positive experiences with GP telehealth appointments should inform further research on their appropriateness as an alternative to the ED.
Peer Review of “Selection of the Optimal L-asparaginase II Against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An In Silico Approach” (Preprint)
Authors:   Anonymous
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS ID#{29844].
Analyzing YouTube data to characterize audience engagement with an online global health entertainment series (Preprint)
Authors: Massey Philip M. , Kearney Matthew D. , Togo Elikem K. , Peterson Adam , Glik Deborah
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Use of social media is expanding the reach and delivery of health-related programs and content among geographically diverse audiences. Concurrently, social media extends our capabilities to measure program impact and audience engagement. This study utilizes social media data from YouTube to describe audience engagement with Season 2 of C’est La Vie! (CLV), a transmedia television series developed and produced in West Africa that focuses on health and human rights that broadcasts on the digital platform of YouTube.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to characterize the content of YouTube comments for CLV; to examine the relationship between audience engagement and story components (i.e., characters); and to describe how storyline engaged comments differ across episodes.

METHODS

We collected all public YouTube comments (n=5,280) from CLV Season 2 episodes in February 2020, approximately three months after the season finale. We analyzed YouTube metadata, including the number of episode views, comments, and likes. We randomly sampled half of the comments (n=2,599) – proportionately to the number of comments per episode – and qualitatively analyzed viewer comments within domains of health topics, characters mentioned, and storyline engagement.

RESULTS

The 36-episode second season of C’est La Vie! averaged over 103,000 views, 150 comments, and more than 1,400 likes per episode. More than 25% of comments talked about a character. Nearly one in five comments showed engagement with the storyline or plot points, while only a small percentage directly discussed a health topic. Certain characters (e.g., the show’s villain “Korsa”) were discussed more often in comments; however, other characters (e.g., the show’s heroines) were discussed less frequently but were more likely to be associated with storyline-engaged comments.

CONCLUSIONS

Public online data can provide important insights regarding audience engagement and elements of the series that influence program impact. While online data are not necessarily representative of the larger population, our findings demonstrate potential relationships between program exposure and behavior change (i.e., audiences engaging with the storyline and characters). Our findings support the application of theoretical constructs to operationalize public, online data, especially when utilized for global health program monitoring and evaluation.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Early Onset Neonatal AKI
Authors: Charlton Jennifer R. , Boohaker Louis , Askenazi David , Brophy Patrick D. , D’Angio Carl , Fuloria Mamta , Gien Jason , Griffin Russell , Hingorani Sangeeta , Ingraham Susan , Mian Ayesa , Ohls Robin K. , Rastogi Shantanu , Rhee Christopher J. , Revenis Mary , Sarkar Subrata , Smith Alexandra , Starr Michelle , Kent Alison L. ,   on behalf of the Neonatal Kidney Collaborative
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives

Neonatal AKI is associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe the risk factors and outcomes of neonatal AKI in the first postnatal week.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The international retrospective observational cohort study, Assessment of Worldwide AKI Epidemiology in Neonates (AWAKEN), included neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit who received at least 48 hours of intravenous fluids. Early AKI was defined by an increase in serum creatinine >0.3 mg/dl or urine output <1 ml/kg per hour on postnatal days 2–7, the neonatal modification of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. We assessed risk factors for AKI and associations of AKI with death and duration of hospitalization.

Results

Twenty-one percent (449 of 2110) experienced early AKI. Early AKI was associated with higher risk of death (adjusted odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 4.7) and longer duration of hospitalization (parameter estimate: 7.3 days 95% confidence interval, 4.7 to 10.0), adjusting for neonatal and maternal factors along with medication exposures. Factors associated with a higher risk of AKI included: outborn delivery; resuscitation with epinephrine; admission diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia, inborn errors of metabolism, or surgical need; frequent kidney function surveillance; and admission to a children’s hospital. Those factors that were associated with a lower risk included multiple gestations, cesarean section, and exposures to antimicrobials, methylxanthines, diuretics, and vasopressors. Risk factors varied by gestational age strata.

Conclusions

AKI in the first postnatal week is common and associated with death and longer duration of hospitalization. The AWAKEN study demonstrates a number of specific risk factors that should serve as “red flags” for clinicians at the initiation of the neonatal intensive care unit course.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

Assessment of Worldwide AKI Epidemiology in Neonates (AWAKEN), NCT02443389
Modelos tridimensionales en la geografía. Elaboración y perspectivas de aplicación
Authors:   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Barajas Alcalá Alma Guadalupe , Jasso Ríos Montañez José Luis ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Navarrete Pacheco José Antonio ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (UNAM), Salinas Melgoza Miguel Ángel ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Vázquez Bernal Karina ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Hernández Cendejas Gerardo Alberto ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, McCall Michael Keith ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (UNAM), Mora González Raúl Enrique ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Lemoine Rodríguez Richard ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Rodríguez Terrones Santiago ,   Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Morales Manilla Luis Miguel ,   Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (UNAM)
Published: September 2021

Esta obra ofrece una introducción a la realidad inmersiva y aumentada, así como una sección en que los autores comparten métodos y recomendaciones para elaborar modelos tridimensionales de distintos tipos y materiales (modelos de visión estereoscópica, modelos topográficos en caja de arena de realidad aumentada, maquetas maquinadas con router CNC e impresiones tridimensionales del relieve). Asimismo, se reúnen experiencias del uso de estos modelos como herramienta didáctica, como apoyo y sustento para la divulgación científica, como recurso lúdico y como medio de investigación para el mapeo participativo.
El impuesto de renta en Colombia: una mirada desde el gasto tributario
Authors: Bolaños Bolaños Lucía del Carmen
Published: September 2021

Este artículo busca evidenciar la inestabilidad jurídica del impuesto de renta en Colombia, su efecto negativo en la confianza, la legalidad y la equidad del sistema tributario, y la consecuente inequitativa distribución de la carga tributaria. Para ello aborda de manera general la evolución del impuesto desde 1918 a 2018, describe la estructura actual, tanto para las personas naturales como las jurídicas, analiza aspectos jurídicos relevantes derivados de la aplicación del marco tributario en perspectiva de los beneficios tributarios y el costo fiscal según el análisis de los informes presentados por la UAE DIAN entre 2004 y 2018, advirtiendo cómo el gasto tributario ha fragmentado los principios de justicia tributaria en Colombia, impregnando de un halo de injusticia no solo a la imposición, sino al sistema tributario en conjunto.
Los derechos fundamentales entendidos como responsabilidades de los estados
Authors: Garrido Gómez M. Isabel
Published: September 2021

En el presente artículo se aprecia que los derechos fundamentales constituyen un núcleo básico dentro de los Estados de derecho en sentido amplio, y que el modelo organizativo que asumen los Estados contemporáneos es el de la democracia. Desde el razonamiento práctico, los derechos requieren que nos situemos en una esfera de estructuras complejas, dentro de las cuales hay que resaltar la del derecho como sistema normativo institucional. De esta manera, los derechos fundamentales se refieren a personas que realizan comportamientos dentro de un marco de referencia compuesto por reglas interrelacionadas, reglas que confieren facultades y reglas que imponen deberes y obligaciones, cabiendo la posibilidad de formas que determinan las condiciones de existencia, las consecuencias jurídicas y el ámbito temporal de aplicación del conjunto de reglas de los sistemas jurídicos. Con esta perspectiva, se debe subrayar que la crisis del Estado nacional y, el déficit de la democracia y del Estado de derecho, exijan repensar el Estado y el orden internacional, haciéndose prioritario extrapolar el modelo del Estado constitucional de derecho a las relaciones internacionales dado el papel legitimador que los derechos fundamentales desempeñan.
La jurisprudencia mexicana y el principio de legalidad: una compleja relación
Authors: Gómora Juárez Sandra
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo sostiene que la trascendental reforma constitucional de 2011 en materia de derechos humanos, a la que se hace referencia como “el cambio de paradigma” en México, es incapaz, por sí misma, de sortear todos los obstáculos de un orden jurídico cuyas prácticas permanecen ancladas al siglo XIX. Por ello, este trabajo analiza nuestra concepción de legalidad en materia administrativa, y sugiere transitar a una legalidad más robusta, al tiempo que invita a repensar la configuración de nuestra jurisprudencia, mecanismos todos ellos para coadyuvar a una efectiva protección de derechos humanos en México.
La transparencia como presupuesto de la lucha contra la corrupción en la contratación pública en Brasil
Authors: Gonçalves de Godoi Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2021

La corrupción es un fenómeno inherente a la naturaleza social humana y se manifiesta en la sociedad de diversas maneras. Produce efectos muy negativos sobre varias áreas de importancia y su manifestación más popular es la que ocurre en el sector público, especialmente en la contratación pública. La transparencia tiene un rol muy importante en este ámbito. Se inserta como uno de los pilares de la concepción de gobierno abierto; orienta la reformulación de las administraciones públicas para garantizar la rendición de cuentas que, a su vez, abre margen para la participación ciudadana en los asuntos públicos. Sin duda, la transparencia amenaza las prácticas corruptas que buscan desviar los procedimientos de contratación pública, a través del control de la ciudadanía sobre la actividad pública. Lo anterior, sin despreciar otros mecanismos en conjunto.
Problemas dogmáticos en torno a la aplicación del artículo 20.2.B de la Ley Orgánica 4/2015, del 30 de marzo, de protección de la seguridad ciudadana: consideración especial cuando recae sobre las partes íntimas. Posibles soluciones según la doctrina jurisprudencial
Authors: Guillén Pérez Valentín
Published: September 2021

El artículo 20.2.b de la Ley Orgánica 4/2015, de Protección de la Seguridad Ciudadana expresa: “…dejar a la vista partes del cuerpo normalmente cubiertas por ropa…”. Esto se constituye como una figura de protección corporal que denominamos “desnudo parcial”. Dicha figura plantea una problemática que exige delimitar los elementos que la configuran y distinguen de otras conductas afines. En este sentido, entendemos que se trata de una práctica intermedia entre el desnudo integral y el cacheo, y, por lo tanto, la citada expresión no deja de ser vaga e imprecisa, por cuanto pone en escena la posible conculcación del derecho a la intimidad corporal y del principio a la dignidad humana, especialmente si estas actuaciones se dirigen hacia las partes íntimas del cuerpo. Este estudio pretende acotar las posiciones doctrinales y jurisprudenciales más aceptadas a este respecto y que, en cuanto a los derechos individuales se refiere, sean menos lesivas para la persona expuesta a esta legítima práctica policial, siempre y cuando se den las circunstancias y requisitos para ello.
Eficacia de la acción de amparo en materia ambiental a partir de su inclusión en la Constitución Nacional Argentina
Authors: Mantecón Cecilia Lucía
Published: September 2021

En la reforma constitucional de 1994, la República Argentina introduce los derechos de tercera generación a su ordenamiento jurídico. El artículo 41 prevé el derecho a un ambiente sano y el artículo 43 establece la acción de amparo para su defensa. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los juicios sobre conflictos ambientales suscitados en las costas de la provincia de Buenos Aires y la participación de la ciudadanía en dichas causas. Para esta investigación, se sistematizó la jurisprudencia que resolvieron conflictos costeros a partir de 1994, año de la reforma constitucional que norma la acción de amparo en materia ambiental, y hasta 2016. Como resultado, se observó que los tribunales resuelven en favor del medio ambiente, utilizando los principios generales del derecho ambiental y sin normativa específica costera. Sin embargo, la falta de normativa específica produce que estas resoluciones sean obtenidas luego de litigar en las diferentes instancias judiciales. Asimismo, se observa el bajo nivel de litigiosidad, el cual es incongruente con el alto deterioro que sufren las zonas costeras.
Automated Deployment of Data Lake
Authors: J Ganavi
Published: September 2021

Abstract: A Data Lake is a central location that can store all your structured and unstructured data, no matter the source or format. Automated deployment for data lake solution is an automated reference implementation that deploys a highly available, cost-effective data lake architecture on the AWS Cloud along with a user-friendly console for searching and requesting datasets. The solution automatically configures the core AWS services necessary to easily tag, search, share, transform, analyse, and govern specific subsets of data across a company or with other external users. The solution deploys a console that users can access to search and browse available datasets for their business needs. Keywords: Data Lake, Cloud Computing, Aws, Ec2, S3, Athena, Glue, Cloud formation.
Impacts of genre and access on science discussions: ‘The New Reddit Journal of Science’
Authors: Pflugfelder Ehren Helmut , Mahmou-Werndli Alexander
Published: September 2021

Which genre of science writing contributes most to public understanding, and how does that understanding happen? Working within a science in society approach, this paper examines public engagement with science as it occurs in the comments and discussion boards of r/science. Researchers use content analysis to identify relevant concept categories and code comments for interaction with science content. The resulting data are analyzed by genre (scientific news journalism, press release, and research article) and open access status, revealing differences in public engagement with implications for science communicators and scholars seeking to understand how the public interacts with science news.
PERCEPCIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA DE EMERGENCIA EN AÑO DE COVID-19 EN CARRERAS DE AUDITORIA DE UNIVERSIDADES CHILENAS
Authors: Morales Parada Fernando , Nova Rodríguez Francisco
Published: September 2021

Como todos los sectores de la sociedad, la pandemia también ha impactado a lasInstituciones de Educación Superior (IES). La educación a distancia ha sido implementada de forma acelerada y ausente de planificación como respuesta a la necesidad de no congregar a estudiantes y docentes presencialmente, pero a la vez, poder continuar el proceso formativo. Este trabajo aborda la percepción de docentes de Contador Público y Auditor a través de encuestas aplicadas a 98 docentes en 8 universidades, privadas y públicas. Entre los resultados observamos más coincidencias que diferencias en la percepción la educación a distancia de emergencia, como el mayor esfuerzo docente, problemas en los mecanismos de evaluación y logro de aprendizajes.
TEACHERS’ ROLES ON TALENT DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LANGSA
Authors: Wahidah Wahidah
Published: September 2021

Teachers play important roles in developing students’ talents. This paper focuses on the roles of teachers in talents development from teachers and deputy head of students’ affairs perfective. They are deputy head of SMK 1, SMUN 4 and MAN 2 Langsa. The purpose is to clarify about teachers understanding of talents in secondary schools in Langsa and what’s the role of teachers in developing students’ talents. A qualitative research by interview conducted among teachers and the deputy head of students affairs show that there are several roles taken by teachers in developing students’ talents. They are (1) parent partners, (2) role models, (3) organizers, (4) motivators, (5) facilitators, and (6) supervisors. However, most teachers understand talents only come from five senses. As a result the currents focus of developing talents in high schools is about field talents while talents come from nature (characters) is not nurtured yet.
ZIHAR DALAM TAFSIR FI ZHILAL AL-QUR’AN DAN TAFSIR AL-MISHBAH
Authors: Munandar Arif , Djuned Muslim
Published: September 2021

Zihar adalah ucapan suami kepada istri yang menyerupakan punggung istri dengan punggung ibunya. Ucapan zihar pada masa jahiliah digunakan oleh suami yang bermaksud mengharamkan untuk menyetubuhi istri sehingga berakibat istri menjadi haram bagi suami untuk selamanya. Islam menetapkan haram hukumnya ucapan zihar. Namun, Allah Swt memberi keringanan bagi umat dan menetapkan kafarat di dalamnya sebagai pendidikan agar tidak mengulang perkataan dan sikap tersebut. Permasalahan zihar muncul ketika seorang perempuan membuat pengaduan kepada Rasul Saw mengenai suaminya. Lalu turun ayat dalam QS. al-Mujadilah berkenaan dengan Aus bin Shamit ketika menzihar istrinya Khaulah binti Tsa’labah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pemikiran Sayyid Quthb dalam Tafsir Fi Zhilal al-Qur’an dan M. Quraish Shihab dalam Tafsir al-Mishbah yang berkenaan dengan permasalahan zihar. Penulis menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode maudhu’i dan komparatif. Sayyid Quthb dalam kitab tafsirnya menyimpulkan bahwa zihar adalah ucapan suami kepada istri yang menyerupakan punggung istri dengan punggung ibu suami, sehingga ia mesti diharamkan seperti ibu. Sedangkan Quraish Shihab berpendapat bahwa zihar adalah ucapan seorang mukallaf kepada wanita yang halal digaulinya (istri) bahwa wanita tersebut sama dengan salah seorang yang haram digauli, baik karena hubungan darah, perkawinan, penyusuan, maupun oleh sebab lain
PENGGUNAAN AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN SEBAGAI JIMAT
Authors: Nurullah Nurullah , Handasa Ari
Published: September 2021

The Quran plays an important role in the survivel of humans. One of the various functions of the Quran as al-Syifa’ (antitode/medicine) has developed understanding which is manifested in the form of Quran talisman as solution to problems that intelligence cannot solve. The purpose of this study is to know how the background, forms, and arguments for using the verses of the Quran as amulets. The study sets out a library research using qualitative and analytical methods as its approach. This study explains that use of Quran text as a talisman is in the background by promptings or motives that direct them to a single purpose in order to preserve their survival. As for the forms of the lot it divides into two forms, as a mantra being read and also as a necklace or other writing in the basis arguments of hadith and clerical opinions. Abstrak: Al-Qur’an berperan penting bagi keberlangsungan hidup manusia. Keberagaman fungsi al-Qur’an salah satunya sebagai ­al-syifa’ (penawar/obat), mengalami perkembangan pemahaman yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk jimat sebagai salah satu solusi bagi permasalahan-permasalahan yang tidak dapat terselesaikan oleh akal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana latar belakang, bentuk-bentuk, serta dalil-dalil penggunaan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sebagai jimat. Penelitian ini berjenis library research dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan deskriptif analitis sebagai pendekatannya. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa penggunaan ayat-ayat al-Qur’an sebagai jimat dilatar belakangi oleh dorongan-dorongan atau motif yang mengarahkannya pada suatu tujuan demi mempertahankan keberlangsungan hidupnya. Adapun bentuk-bentuk penggunaannya terbagi menjadi dua bentuk, sebagai mantra yang dibacakan dan juga sebagai tulisan yang berbentuk benda yang ditempelkan, juga berupa kalung atau sebagainya dengan berlandaskan dalil-dalil berupa hadis dan pendapat ulama.
PENGGUNAAN PAJANGAN AYAT KURSI SEBAGAI PELINDUNG
Authors: Zulihafnani Zulihafnani , Nurlaila Nurlaila , Hidayatullah Muhammad Rifqi
Published: September 2021

This article describe about the living Qur’an of a Kursi verse display. One side, many people display the Kursi verse in their effors to avoided from all kinds of negative thing and taking blessings. But in the other side, as far as writer has researched from arguments of aqli and naqli, writer hasn’t yet found an argument that can be used as evidence about a Kursi verse display can be protection for a business place from negative thing. Based of this, writer feels need to more atudy about this. This research is library research, with a descriptive analysis method. The data sources include the tafseer book and fiqh book with various writings related to this research. From results of this, writer concludes that to protect a place of business or to take blessings from the verses of the Qur’an, not by displaying or hanging up the Kursi verse, but the verses of the Qur’an will be useful and blessing if they are read, memorized, and practiced in life.Abstrak: Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan pengamalan ayat al-Qur’an berupa pajangan ayat kursi. Di satu sisi, banyak masyarakat memajang ayat kursi pada dinding-dinding tempat usaha agar usahanya terhindar dari segala macam gangguan negatif dan mendatangkan berkah. Namun di sisi lain, sejauh penelusuran yang penulis teliti melalui dalil aqli dan naqli, belum ditemukan dalil yang bisa dijadikan hujjah bahwa pajangan ayat kursi bisa dijadikan pelindung dari gangguan dan pengaruh negatif. Berdasarkan hal ini, penulis merasa perlunya kajian terhadap pengamalan ayat al-Qur’an berupa pajangan ayat kursi. Tulisan ini bersifat kepustakaan, dengan metode deskriptif analisis. Sumber datanya antara lain berupa kitab tafsir dan kitab fikih serta berbagai tulisan yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa untuk melindungi tempat usaha atau mengambil berkah dari ayat al-Qur’an bukan dengan memajang atau menggantungkan ayat kursi, tetapi ayat al-Quran akan bermanfaat dan mendatangkan keberkahan dengan dibaca, dihafal dan diamalkan dalam kehidupan.
PEMBACAAN SURAT ALKAHFI DI KALANGAN MUSLIM INDONESIA
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin , 'Aina Qarri
Published: September 2021

This article discusses about the recitation of Surah Alkahfi at certain times among Muslims, and it also contains the introduction of Surah Alkahfi, the recitation model and how Muslims interpret the recitation of Surah Alkahfi. This article uses a analysis descriptive method by collecting data in the form of readings in accordance with the theme of the discussion. The results showed that most of Muslims read Surah Alkahfi on Friday, because it is a very noble day for Muslims. However, there are also those who read on the other days. In addition, Muslims also interpret the recitation of Surah Alkahfi as a worship to get reward from Allah, then to form self-protection from the defamation of Dajjal, and to obtain peace and tranquility of heart. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang pembacaan surah al-Kahfi pada waktu-waktu tertentu di kalangan muslim. Memuat pula tentang pengenalan surat al-Kahfi, model pembacaan serta bagaimana umat muslim memaknai pembacaan surat al-Kahfi. Artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan cara mengumpulkan data-data berupa bacaan yang sesuai dengan tema pembahasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umat muslim kebanyakan membaca surat al-Kahfi ketika hari Jumat, dikarenakan Jumat ialah hari yang sangat mulia bagi umat Islam. Namun, ada juga yang membaca pada hari-hari lainnya. Umat muslim memaknai pembacaan surat al-Kahfi pertama hanyalah sebagai ibadah untuk meraih pahala dari Allah, kemudian sebagai bentuk perlindungan diri dari fitnah dajjal, dan untuk mendapatkan ketenangan dan  ketentraman hati.
TRADISI MENGAJI AL-QUR’AN DI KUBURAN DALAM MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Jannah Wardahtul
Published: September 2021

After the burial process is complete, there are many traditions carried out by some Muslims in various parts of Indonesia, such as sprinkling flowers on graves, watering graves with flower water, reciting the Quran in graves, and various other traditions. During the time of the Prophet, there was never any activity to recite the Quran in the grave. Some Muslims in Indonesia who carry out this activity, take several traditions to strengthen the activity of reciting the Quran at the cemetery. The method used is literature study. This article discusses the arguments for the practice of reciting the Quran in a grave based on the Prophet's hadith, the views of four fiqh scholars and Indonesian Islamic organizations, as well as models of the practice of reciting the Quran in graves. There are five traditions that are included in the article about reciting the Quran in the grave. There are also differences in the views of scholars towards reciting the Quran in the graves. There are three models of the practice of the Quran in the grave, namely reciting the Quran in the grave after burial, reciting the Quran in the grave on Friday, and reciting the Quran after the Eid prayer. Based on the Prophet's hadith, there are two views of the Islamic scholars of fiqh and Indonesian Islamic organizations. Abstrak: Setelah proses penguburan selesai, ada tradisi yang dilakukan oleh sebagian muslim di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, seperti menaburkan bunga di atas kuburan, menyiram kuburan dengan air bunga, mengaji al-Qur’an di kuburan, dan berbagai tradisi lainnya. Tradisi mengaji al-Qur’an di kuburan tidak pernah dilakukan  pada masa Rasulullah Saw. Namun, sebagian muslim di Indonesia yang melakukan kegiatan ini, mengambil beberapa hadis untuk memperkuat argumen membolehkan kegiatan mengaji al-Qur’an di kuburan. Fenomena ini tentunya memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk melihat dasar dalil yang digunakan dan pendapat imam mazhab serta ormas Indonesia tentang praktek dan model mengaji di kuburan oleh masyarakat ini. Untuk mendapatkan jawaban dari tujuan penelitian ini, maka digunakan metode studi literature atau content analysis. Yaitu sebuah analisis terhadap hadis Rasulullah Saw, pandangan empat ulama fikih dan organisasi Islam Indonesia, serta model-model praktek mengaji di kuburan yang terdapat di Indonesia. Dari penelitian terhadap literatur yang digunakan tersebut diketahui bahwa mereka tidak menyandarkan pandangannya pada dalil al-Qur’an, akan tetapi kepada hadis-hadis Nabi tentang kedaan si mayit di kuburan sebanyak 5 (lima) buah hadis. Pandangan 4 imam mazhab dan ormas Indonesia terhadap mengaji al-Qur’an di kuburan ada yang membolehkan dan ada yang memakruhkan. Terdapat pula tiga model praktek mengaji di kuburan yaitu mengaji di kuburan setelah penguburan, mengaji di kuburan pada hari Jumat, dan mengaji al-Qur’an setelah shalat ied.
Kriteria Pemimpin dalam Al-Qur’an dan Aplikasinya pada Masyarakat Kemukiman Lamgarot Aceh Besar
Authors: Zaini Muhammad , Nurlaila Nurlaila , Fiqria Nurshadiqah
Published: September 2021

Every human being is a leader and will be held accountable for his leadership. In this discussion, the intended leader is someone who is favored and elected by the community to assume the scepter or leadership in a certain area. In this case, the Qur'an has explained several criteria in choosing a leader. However, people do not pay much attention to these criteria when choosing leaders. This discussion will focus on the extent of understanding of the Lamgarot community regarding the criteria for leaders and their application in selecting and determining leaders. The author finds that the criteria for a leader mentioned in the Qur'an are Islam (QS. al-Ma`idah (5): 51, fair and trustworthy (QS. al-Nisa` (4): 58, and strong (QS. al -Qashash (28): 26. In general, the people of the Lamgarot Village understand the criteria for leadership as described in the Qur'an, but only a few people have applied their understanding in practical ways. Setiap manusia adalah pemimpin dan akan dimintai pertanggungjawaban atas kepemimpinannya. Dalam pembahasan ini, pemimpin yang dimaksudkan adalah seseorang yang diunggulkan dan dipilih oleh masyarakat untuk memangku tongkat kekuasaan atau kepemimpinan di dalam wilayah tertentu. Dalam hal ini, al-Qur`an sudah memaparkan beberapa kriteria dalam memilih pemimpin. Akan tetapi, masyarakat tidak terlalu memerhatikan kriteria tersebut ketika memilih pemimpin. Pembahasan ini akan berfokus pada sejauhmana pemahaman masyarakat Kemukiman Lamgarot mengenai kriteria pemimpin serta aplikasinya dalam memilih dan menentukan pemimpin. Penulis menemukan kriteria pemimpin yang disebutkan dalam al-Qur`an adalah Islam (QS. al-Ma`idah (5): 51, adil dan amanah (QS. al-Nisa` (4): 58, dan kuat (QS. al-Qashash (28): 26. Secara garis besar, masyarakat Kemukiman Lamgarot sudah memahami kriteria pemimpin seperti yang dijelaskan di dalam al-Qur`an. Hanya saja, dari segi aplikasinya, baru sebagian masyarakat yang menerapkan pemahaman mereka.
Pemodelan Resiko Kecelakaan Berbasis Kondisi Kendaraan dan Pengemudi
Authors: Putra A. , Narendra A.
Published: September 2021

Traffic accidents are particularly prone to occur mainly caused by vehicle speed, vehicle damage, alcohol influence, and fatigue. The study aims to model the risk of vehicle and driver-based accidents occurring across Queensland, Australia. The data in this study used a dataset of accident factors on Queensland state roads totaling 3412 accidents sourced from the Australian state government of Queensland. Research data period from 2001-2019. This research method uses multinomial logistic regression modeling analysis. The results of this study produced several models, namely; (1) Log odds in the risk level of death vs hospitalization will increase by 1,028 if affected by vehicle damage, increase by 0.731 if affected by fatigue, increase by 0.158 if affected by vehicle speed, increase by 0.151 if influenced by alcohol. (2) Log opportunities in the risk level of death vs. medical care will increase by 0.786 if affected by vehicle damage, increase by 0.375 if affected by fatigue, decrease by 0.003 if affected by vehicle speed, decrease by 0.078 if influenced by alcohol. (3) Log odds in the risk of death vs minor injury will increase by 0.484 if affected by vehicle damage, increase by 0.245 if affected by fatigue, decrease by 0.156 if affected by vehicle speed, decrease by 0.266 if influenced by alcohol. (4) Log odds in the risk of death vs property damage will increase by 1,254 if affected by vehicle damage, increase by 0.828 if affected by fatigue, increase by 0.185 if influenced by vehicle speed, increase by 0.128 if influenced by alcohol. The validation test value with crosstab method explains that the accuracy result of level 1 has an accuracy value of 0.99 and inaccuracy of 0.01 then the result of level 2 to level 5 has an accuracy value of 1.
Analisis Ketersediaan Air Waduk Gadjah Mungkur dengan Adanya Pembangunan Intake dan Jaringan Pipa Trasmisi Wosusokas
Authors: Cantik B.K.P. , Fitriana I.R. , Diandra N. , Valentino S. , Tambing A.K.
Published: September 2021

Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir is one of the multipurpose reservoirs built by damming the flow of the Bengawan Solo River. The Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir has existed for a long time with the main purpose of controlling flooding, but over time, this reservoir is also useful as a hydropower plant, irrigation, and also to meet the raw water needs of Wonogiri City. The potential of the Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir itself in meeting the needs of drinking water is an essential function in the people’s life around the reservoir. Therefore, the expansion of the scope of providing drinking water can be used to develop the potential of the Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir. This coverage expansion was realized through the construction of the Wosusokas intake and transmission pipeline network to drinking water receiving areas, namely Wonogiri, Sukoharjo, Solo, and Karanganyar, with service coverage of drinking water access resepectively ±78,38, ±70,97%, ±81,85%, and ±70,97%. This study aims to analyze the water availability of the Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir with additional coverage for drinking water services. The method used is a simple reservoir routing calculation by processing secondary data obtained in the form of inflow, outflow, and reservoir storage characteristics. The results of the analysis show that elevation variations with the construction of the Wosusokas intake and transmission pipeline have an annual average of +132,56 m in 2017, with a reservoir storage volume reaching 216,27 MCM and +134,29 m in 2018, with a reservoir storage volume reaching 284,92 MCM. However, there are some elevation values that exceed +138,0 m, namely at February to March 2018. However, overall, the results of the analysis show that the Wosusokas construction can increase the potential utilization of the Gadjah Mungkur Reservoir without endangering the reservoir with water level fluctuations that can still be controlled and in accordance with the regulation of reservoir water level.
Working capital in Estonian agricultural companies: analysis by size
Authors:   Estonian University of Life Sciences, Nurmet Maire , Lemsalu Katrin ,   Estonian University of Life Sciences, Lehtsaar Juri ,   Estonian University of Life Sciences
Published: September 2021

The paper examines the working capital indicators to find out the differences between larger and smaller Estonian agricultural companies. In the task of working capital management, a balance between profitability and liquidity is under investigation. A higher level of current assets ensures higher liquidity, but reduces the profitability. The share of inventories in current assets is relatively high in agricultural companies, and can lead to liquidity problems in adverse circumstances. Low levels of current assets can lead to business interruptions, as insufficient stocks lead to delays in the production process, which in turn is amplified in yields or other outputs. The number of employees is used to distinguish the size of the company. The results show that the smallest agricultural companies have higher liquidity and relatively larger share of highly liquid current assets. Larger agricultural companies maintain a higher level of inventory and have a longer inventory turnover period. Smaller companies have a slightly higher share of loans in current liabilities, so they have to maintain a larger financial buffer. The cash conversion cycle is longer for the smallest and the largest agricultural companies while medium-sized companies have a shorter cash conversion cycle. Smaller companies have the longest receivables turnover, showing that they enable longer payment periods for buyers or may have difficulties collecting receivables from the production sold. Having low market power and long receivables turnover, they have relatively higher need for working capital.
Market integration as a determinant of agricultural prices and economic results of small-scale family farms
Authors:   Poznan University of Economics and Business, Stepien Sebastian , Polcyn Jan ,   Stanislaw Staszic State University of Applied
Published: September 2021

Due to the specific features of the land factor, under market conditions, there is a tendency towards income deprivation of farms in relation to their surroundings. One way to improve this situation is to create a system of market institutions for farmer-recipient transactions. The issue of the position of the agricultural producer in the food supply chain is widely described in the literature on the subject. Nevertheless, practical analyses showing the real impact of the marketing position on economic results of farm are still rare. Therefore, the aim of this article is to assess the relationship between market integration and agricultural selling prices and, as a consequence, the level of global output and household income. The analysis is based on primary data from surveys of over 700 small-scale family farms in Poland. The choice of small-scale farms was deliberate, as these entities are the most discriminated against in the food supply chain. Explaining this process is key to improving the economic situation of small-scale farming and constitutes a premise for the objectives of agricultural policy and creating business strategy. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive correlation between the level of integration of an agricultural holding and sales prices for selected groups of agricultural products. This, in turn, leads to the improvement of economic condition of farms more closely integrated with the market.
Challenges of Depopulation in Latvia’s Rural Areas
Authors:   University of Latvia, Dahs Aleksandrs , Berzins Atis ,   University of Latvia, Krumins Juris ,   University of Latvia
Published: September 2021

The administrative territorial reform of 2021 in Latvia has changed the shape and structure of local municipalities. Previous studies have shown that disparities and challenges in terms of demographic development will be even more evident between the newly formed municipalities than they were prior to the reform, creating greater demographic risks for the rural areas. By using the available statistical information and geographically weighted regression models, this study aims to evaluate the demographic challenges in Latvia’s rural areas and to determine main socio economic factors linked to the rural depopulation processes. Key indicators linked to the depopulation process are evaluated and discussed by the authors in the context of gender balance, development centre accessibility and other socio economic factors. Authors conclude that supporting and developing local industries, public services and infrastructure facilitating diverse employment options and equal opportunities for working age females is a paramount condition for slowing or reversing rural depopulation in in the long term. Regional development centres in general and particularly those located in remote areas show little or no immediate effect on the population dynamics. However, these centres offer more diverse employment opportunities and essential social services, making them more attractive to working age females and households with children. Digitalization and focus on location-independent employment and services is another important route to explore in the new rural development setting.
Studying adoption of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in the Baltic States
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Kostrikova Natalija
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to analyse adoption of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in the Baltic States in the context of regional competitiveness. To achieve the aim, the following tasks are set: 1) to investigate crypto activity and crypto regulation, 2) to analyse blockchain applications and policy actions beyond crypto space, 3) to investigate interconnections between blockchain adoption and regional competitiveness. The study employs methods of descriptive statistics and content analysis. The study concludes that Estonia’s leadership in the majority of regional competitiveness indicators correlates with its leading position in blockchain adoption not only in Baltic States, but also worldwide, specifically in the area of e-government. Lithuania shows an overall competitive position in blockchain adoption in fintech area. In contrast, Latvia significantly lags behind Estonia and Lithuania in terms of regional competitiveness and adoption of blockchain technology, which is weakened by the regulatory unclarity for virtual asset service providers and the lack of supportive actions from the government for blockchain innovation and its further adoption within and beyond crypto-space.