Accounting of fixed assets of enterprises and analysis of their value in the conditions of armed aggression
Authors: Bondar Mykola , Kulyk Andrii 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The armed aggression of the russian federation lead to deterioration of the external environment in Ukraine. In particular, this was manifested in the form of interruptions and stoppages in business activities, damage and destruction of business assets, closure of transport routes and ports, disruptions in supply chains, reduced market demand and high inflation. The mentioned factors mainly had a negative impact on the financial condition and financial results of the enterprises, and, accordingly, on the value of the business and its assets. In the structure of assets, fixed assets were significantly affected: some were destroyed or damaged, some remained in temporarily occupied territories, and for the rest, expectations regarding generating economic benefits from the use of such objects worsened. New challenges caused by armed aggression actualize the revision of approaches and procedures to the accounting of fixed assets, as well as the appraisal and analysis of their value.
The purpose of the study is to explore approaches to accounting for fixed assets and analysis of their value in the environment of armed aggression. In particular, the procedures for accounting for fixed assets in case of damage or destruction, property being in a temporarily occupied territory were analyzed, the accounting assessment of fixed assets was considered according to the cost model and the revaluation model, and the change in the value of fixed assets in the event of an impairment and revaluation of assets was also analyzed.
Method (methodology). The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was made up of scientific research by Ukrainian and foreign scientists, methodology standards, practical comments, and recommendations of experts. A literature review indicates that the topic of the impact of armed aggression on the approach to the accounting of fixed assets of enterprises in Ukraine is not new, but not sufficiently studied. In the article, the methods of systematization and generalization were used when studying practical recommendations of experts, induction and deduction when studying the peculiarities of the accounting of fixed assets for various consequences of armed aggression (damage, destruction, location in the occupied territory), analysis and synthesis when studying the accounting models of fixed assets and analysis the value of objects according to these models in the environment of armed aggression.
Results. According to the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the issue of identification and accounting of fixed assets located in the temporarily occupied territories is not fully resolved and is contrary to international accounting and financial reporting standards. In particular, the authors proposed possible solutions to this issue, such as assigning fixed assets in temporary occupation to separate groups of accounts or off-balance sheet accounts and ceasing deprecation of such assets. An important accounting consequence of armed aggression is the need to determine depreciation or revaluation of fixed assets, depending on the chosen accounting model. In the conditions of armed aggression, the implementation of such procedures is complicated by the need to update business plans, develop scenarios of cash flow forecast, incorporate additional risks of war in the discount rate.