bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
T lymphocyte function in laryngectomized patients
Authors: Dimitrijevic Milovan , Dudvarski Zoran , Vucicevic Slavko , Nesic Vladimir , Pavlovic Bojan
Published: April 2011

Aim: Malignant tumors of the larynx account for 2.3% of all malignancies,
while their frequency among tumors of the head and neck ranges between 12%
and 20%. Research on the general immune competence in patients with malignant
diseases has provided useful insight in the relationship between immune
disorders on one side and the clinical course on the other. Unfortunately,
only few complete studies have been published so far with this regard in
patients with malignant tumors of the larynx, and therefore our study was
essentially aimed at establishing of general immunocompetence, presence and
levels of the possible immune disorders and their association with the
malignant tumors. Material and method: The study included forty two patients
with primary squamocellular laryngeal cancer. All the patients underwent
surgery, out of whom fifteen were treated postoperatively with radiotherapy.
We tested the immune competence prior to the operation and in the
postoperative period nine months later. In the venous blood we examined T
lymphocyte function, monocyte levels and mononuclear phagocyte function.
Results: Preoperative evaluation of the presence and levels of general immune
competence in patients with laryngeal cancer, showed a distinct decrease in
the proliferative response to the PHA mitogen in vitro, with a tendency to
normalize in patients who do not develop a relapse of the disease or distant
metastasis during the follow- up period. During the whole study period, the
number of monocytes and mononuclear phagocyte activity was above the normal
level. Conclusion: The patients with operable laryngeal carcinoma had
considerable immune disorders at various levels, primarily at the level of T
lymphocytes. Of all the disorders, reduced mitotic activity of T lymphocytes
in response to mitogens showed the highest dependance on the presence of
malignant tissue in the organism.
Ureteral fistulae after kidney transplantation: Experience with 224 cases
Authors: Basic Dragan , Hadzi-Djokic Jovan , Milutinovic Drago , Dzamic Zoran , Topuzovic Cedomir , Pejcic Tomislav
Published: April 2011

Ureteral fistulae after kidney transplantation represent major early
urological complications with reported incidence from 1.2% to 12% in large
series. The aim of the study is to establish the incidence, types and
ureteral fistula related morbidity and lethality rates, by donor type. From
1995. to 2001, a total of 224 kidney transplantations (171 from living and 53
from cadaveric donor) have been performed at the Institute of Urology and
Nephrology in Belgrade. Mean patients age was 36,67 years (11- 64; SD=10,69).
Ureteral fistulae appeared only after living donor transplantation in a total
of five patients (2.2%) (p>0.05). In all patients open fistula repair was
performed. Two patients had recidive ureteral fistula after primary and after
secondary open repair. Following the third open repair one patient had lethal
outcome. Ureteral fistulae after kidney transplantation still remain
challenging urological problem with considerable morbidity and lethality
rates.
The importance of physical therapy in the postoperative period after total cystectomy of bladder carcinoma
Authors: Djurasic Ljubomir , Crnomarkovic Dragan , Pejcic Tomislav , Jovanovic Mirko , Palibrk Ivan , Grajic Mirko , Vuksanovic Aleksandar , Tulic Cane
Published: April 2011

The aim of this study is to evaluate the results and complications after
radical cystectomy due to carcinoma of the bladder and to point out the
significance of post-operative physical treatment and rehabilitation of these
patients. Material and method: In the period of 3 years (2007.-2010.), at the
Urological Clinic in Belgrade, we performed 195 total cystectomies for
invasive bladder carcinoma with the use of different types of urinary
diversion. The operation was performed in 162 men (83%) and 33 women (17% ).
Results: Survival, complications and postoperative recovery was dependent on
the type of urinary diversion which was used, stage of disease and general
condition of patients before surgery. The worst result was achieved in
patients who underwent ureterocutaneostomy and the complications were
represented in 30% of patients. In the group of patients where the ileal
conduit was applied, complications were recorded in 10% of patients, while
mortality was 5%. In the group of patients where the continent urinary
diversion was performed, complications were recorded in 5% of patients in
mind of stecoral fistulas, urinary fistulas and ileus. Conclusion: The timely
application of the physical therapy and rehabilitation in these patients is
of great importance, because it reduces complications and allows faster
recovery and release from the hospital.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Fe−Zn system using exponential temperature dependence for the excess Gibbs energy
Authors: Tang Y. , Yuan X. , Du Y. , Xiong W.
Published: April 2011

The Fe-Zn binary system was re?modeled using exponential equation
Li=hi?exp(-T/?i) (i=0,1,2?) to describe the excess Gibbs energy of the
solution phases and intermetallic compounds with large homogeneities. A
self-consistent set of thermodynamic parameters is obtained and the
calculated phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties using the exponential
equation agree well with the experimental data. Compared with previous
assessments using the linear equation to describe the interaction parameters,
the artificial miscibility gap at high temperatures was removed. In addition,
the calculated thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase were more
reasonable than those resulting from all the previous calculations. The
present calculations yield noticeable improvements to the previous
calculations.
Effect of rare earth Ce on the microstructure, physical properties and thermal stability of a new lead-free solder
Authors: Chen W. , Kong J. , Chen W.J.
Published: April 2011

In this paper, in order to develop a low silver content lead-free solder with
good overall properties, a newly designed solder alloys of
Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu-20Bi-xCe type, with addition of varying amounts of rare earth
Ce (0.05 mass%, 0.1 mass% and 0.2 mass%) were studied. The melting
temperature of Sn-0.3Ag- 0.7Cu can be decreased substantially through
addition of 20 mass% Bi; while the segregation of Bi element in the
microstructure of the as-cast alloys can be relieved by micro-alloying with
trace amount of rare earth Ce. Besides, aging treatments (160?C held for 6 h)
of these solder alloys imply that appropriate amount of Ce addition can not
only depress the diffusion induced aggregation of Bi in the microstructure
but promote the homogenization during annealing. Compared with Bi-free
Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu solder, Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu- 20Bi exhibits better wettability. More
excitingly, the wetting property of Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu-20Bi can be further
improved by doping little amounts of Ce, especially 0.5 mass%, in which case
the spreading area of the solder can be increased to the largest extent. On
the whole, the present study reveals that Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu- 20Bi-xCe
(x=0.05-0.1) is a promising lead-free solder candidate considering the
microstructure, melting temperature and wetting properties.
Properties enhancement of Al-Zn-Mg alloy by retrogression and re-aging heat treatment
Authors: Zaid H.R. , Hatab A.M. , Ibrahim A.M.A.
Published: April 2011

The higher strength 7xxx aluminum alloys exhibited low resistance to stress
corrosion cracking (SCC) when aged to the peak hardness (T6 temper). The
overaged alloys (T7 temper) developed to enhance the SCC with loss in the
strength of the alloy. Recently, retrogression and re-aging (RRA) heat
treatments are used for improving the SCC behavior for alloys in T6 tempers
such as 7075, 7475 and 8090. In this study, an application of retrogression
and re-aging heat treatment processes are carried out to enhance toughness
properties of the 7079-T651 aluminum alloy, while maintaining the higher
strength of T651-temper. The results of charpy impact energy and electrical
conductivity tests show a significantly increases in absorbed energy and
electrical conductivity values, when the alloys are exposed to various
retrogression temperatures (190, 200, 210?C) and times (20, 40, 60 minutes),
and then re-aged at 160?C for 18 hours.
Physical and mathematical modeling of inclusion removal with gas bottom-blowing in continuous casting tundish
Authors: Zhang M.J. , Gu H.Z. , Huang A. , Zhu H.X. , Deng C.J.
Published: April 2011

Gas blowing at the bottom of tundish is an efficient metallurgy technique in
clean steelmaking and has been widely concerned. In this paper, spherical
alumina particles were selected to model inclusions, 1:3 scale model was
utilized, the removal efficiency of inclusions with the gas bottomblowing in
the tundish was studied by physical and mathematical modeling. The
mathematical model is validated by comparing the predicted and measured
residence time distributions and dye flow patterns of tracer. The results
show that while the removal efficiency of large size particles has no obvious
changes, the gas bottom-blowing has great contribution to the removal of
small particles.
Microhardness analysis of thin metallic multilayer composite films on copper substrates
Authors: Lamovec J. , Jovic V. , Vorkapic M. , Popovic B. , Radojevic V. , Aleksic R.
Published: April 2011

Composite systems of alternately electrodeposited nanocrystalline Ni and Cu
films on cold-rolled polycrystalline copper substrates were fabricated.
Highly-densified parallel interfaces which can give rise to high strength of
composites are obtained by depositing layers at a very narrow spacing. The
hardness properties of the composite systems were characterized using Vickers
microhardness testing with loads ranging from 1.96 N down to 0.049 N. Above a
certain critical penetration depth, a measured hardness value is not the
hardness of the electrodeposited film, but the so-called ?composite
hardness?, because the substrate also participates in the plastic
deformations during the indentation process. Dependence of microhardness on
layer thickness, Ni/Cu layer thickness ratio and total thickness of the film
was investigated. Model of Korsunsky was applied to the experimental data in
order to determine the composite film hardness. The microhardness increased
with decreasing the layer thickness down to 30 nm and it is consistent with
the Hall-Petch relation. Layer thickness and layer thickness ratio are the
important parameters which are responsible for making decision of the total
film thickness.
Study on indium leaching from mechanically activated hard zinc residue
Authors: Yao J.H. , Li X.H. , Li Y.W.
Published: April 2011

In this study, changes in physicochemical properties and leachability of
indium from mechanically activated hard zinc residue by planetary mill were
investigated. The results showed that mechanical activation increased
specific surface area, reaction activity of hard zinc residue, and decreased
its particle size, which had a positive effect on indium extraction from hard
zinc residue in hydrochloric acid solution. Kinetics of indium leaching from
unmilled and activated hard zinc residue were also investigated,
respectively. It was found that temperature had an obvious effect on indium
leaching rate. Two different kinetic models corresponding to reactions which
are diffusion controlled, [1-(1- x)1/3]2=kt and (1-2x/3)-(1-x)2/3=kt were
used to describe the kinetics of indium leaching from unmilled sample and
activated sample, respectively. Their activation energies were determined to
be 17.89 kJ/mol (umilled) and 11.65 kJ/mol (activated) within the temperature
range of 30?C to 90?C, which is characteristic for a diffusion controlled
process. The values of activation energy demonstrated that the leaching
reaction of indium became less sensitive to temperature after hard zinc
residue mechanically activated by planetary mill.
A novel technique to synthesis of tenorite (CuO) nanoparticles from low concentration CuSO4 solution
Authors: Darezereshki E. , Bakhtiari F.
Published: April 2011

In this study CuO nanoparticles were prepared via direct thermal
decomposition method using basic copper sulphates as wet chemically
synthesized precursor which was calcined in air at 750?C for 2h. Samples
were characterized by thermogravimetric (TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD),
energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectrum (IR), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The
XRD, EDS, and IR results indicated that the synthesized CuO particles were
pure. The SEM and TEM results showed that the CuO nanoparticles were of
approximate spherical shape, and 170?5 nm in size. Using this method, Cuo
nanoparticles could be produced without using organic solvent, expensive raw
materials, and complicated equipment.
One-year clinical evaluation of tooth-coloured materials in non-carious cervical lesions
Authors: Stojanac Igor , Drobac Milan , Zarkovic Bojana , Petrovic Ljubomir
Published: April 2011

Introduction. The restoration of non-carious cervical lesions is specific,
mostly because of the location of their margins, especially the cervical
margin, which is determined in cement and/or dentine. This feature makes the
cervical margin more susceptible to micro-leak?age, causing marginal
discoloration, postoperative sensitivity, development of the secondary caries
and loss of the restoration. Material and methods. One of the criteria for
inclusion of a patient in this study was the presence of at least two
non-carious cervical lesions to be restored with the minimum depth of 1mm,
independently of their location in the dental arch. A total of 60
restorations were placed in 30 patients, and every patient received both
tested materials (composite resins and compomer) on their non-carious
cervical lesions. The clinical evaluation of the therapeutic success was
performed six months and then one year after the day of the placement of
restorations using the modified-United States Public Health Service criteria.
The following was evaluated: retention, marginal integrity, marginal
discoloration, wear, postoperative sensitivity and secondary caries. Results.
A statistically significant high percent of restorations/teeth with
postoperative sensitivity was found in the group of resin composite
restorations after six months. At the end of the evaluation period, that is
after one year, there were no statistically significant differences between
materials for all evaluated criteria. Conclusion. The results of this study
show the identical quality of both examined materials one year after the
readjustment of non-carious cervical lesions.
The analysis of language competence and students’ needs in teaching English for medical purposes to students of medicine, dentistry and health care
Authors: Markovic Vuk , Marosan Zoran
Published: April 2011

Introduction. The paper deals with the analysis of the language competence of
the students of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Care at the Medical School of
Novi Sad University at the level of their basic language skills of general
English and English for Medical Purposes. It also presents the analysis of
students? needs of these skills within the field of teaching English for
Medical Purposes. Objectives. The aim of the study was to determine the level
of students? language skills, knowledge of general and medical vocabulary and
of academic writing in English and to determine which of the skills have the
greatest priority in teaching English for Medical Purposes. Materials and
methods. The students were given a questionnaire and were asked to grade
their language skills and knowledge of general and medical vocabulary and of
academic writing on the scale from one to five. For the same skills, the
students had to determine the level of priority in teaching English for
Medical Purposes. Results. The results were given for each of the groups of
students evaluated, and the average grade was calculated for all the skills.
The students? needs in terms of the priority of the evaluated skills were
also presented in the same manner. Analysis. Students? skills were analyzed
according to the average grade acquired through the students?
self-evaluation. The distinction was made between the general language skills
and the knowledge of medical vocabulary and academic writing. The analysis of
needs was conducted with the same distinction in mind. The study groups were
analyzed separately and the general common conclusions for all the groups
were made. Conclusion. For a successful program of English for Medical
Purposes, it is necessary to conduct ?the level of general language
competence? test and to test the students? needs beforehand. The difference
in the level of knowledge between different study groups points to a need of
a student oriented teaching program. The analysis of needs shows the
importance of all language skills which have to be included in the course of
teaching English for Medical Purposes.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in melanocytic nevi
Authors: Gajanin Vesna , Krivokuca Zdenka , Gajanin Radoslav , Vujkovic Zoran , Sladojevic Igor , Zrnic Bogdan
Published: April 2011

Melanocytic nevi represent a benign neoplastic proliferation of melanocytes.
The level of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in these
proliferations is low in most cases; whereas an increased expression of this
factor may be an indicator of pre-neoplastic changes in melanocyte lesions.
We performed a semi-quantitative assessment of the level of vascular
endothelial growth factor expression (score 0 to 3) on samples taken from 34
patients with benign melanocyte alterations of the skin. Melanocytic nevi
showed an expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in 79.41% of the
cases. The low level of expression (score 1) was seen in 70.59% cases. The
results showed no statistically significant difference in the presence and
level of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in relation to the
following morphological parameters: histological type, a defect in the
surface, density of inflammation infiltrate, mitotic index, growth phase and
cell type.
Complications after placement of peritoneal catheter
Authors: Djurdjevic-Mirkovic Tatjana , Popov Milan , Korica Milan , Mirkovic Sinisa
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Peritoneal dialysis is one of the modalities used for treatment
of end-stage chronic kidney failure. Nowadays, this method is complementary
to haemodialysis and renal transplantation. Owing to the rich vascularization
of the peritoneum, it is used in the processes of osmosis and diffusion,
enabling the removal of uremic material from the body. The procedure includes
introduction of peritoneal fluid via the peritoneal catheter. Complications.
The catheter is placed through the anterior abdominal wall with its tip
positioned in the small pelvis. There are several techniques for catheter
placement considered minimally invasive, which, however, may be associated
with various complications. These complications can be divided into
mechanical (catheter dysfunction, cuff protrusion, hernia, dialysate leaks,
visceral perforation) and infectious (early peritonitis, exit site or tunnel
infection, surgical wounds). In most cases, such complications are rare and
can be successfully managed using conservative therapy; however, in some
situations severe complications can endanger the life of the patient. On-time
recognition of complications, particularly in patients at risk, is of
paramount importance for an effective treatment. The development of
complications can increase the morbidity and the chance of treatment failure,
and therefore transfer to haemodialysis. Conclusion. The preoperative
evaluation and determination of the risk factors as well as the early
recognition and adequate management of complications are essential in their
prevention.
Use of beta blockers in various clinical states
Authors: Radovic Vesna
Published: April 2011

Introduction. According to the convincing evidence, a decline in mortality
rate has been achieved with beta-blockers in patients with an acute
myocardial infarction and in post-infarction follow-up. In fact, there has
been a clear reduction of sudden coronary death. The necessary condition for
the efficiency of beta-blockers is an early use. They are also a medication
of choice for angina after an infarction. The objective of this work was to
evaluate the use of beta-blockers after a myocardial infarction in various
clinical states and to eliminate doubts concerning their prescription. Beta
blockers Even in conditions considered contraindications for administration
of beta blockers such as old age, diabetes, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction,
peripheral vascular disease, arterial disease, heart insufficiency,
ventricular arrhythmias, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, asthma and depression, patients benefit from beta blockers when they
are given along with a right choice of the medication and a regular follow-up
of the patient. Preference is given to cardioselective beta blockers in
patients with diabetes or lung disease. Beta-blockers do not cause long-term
lipid alterations. Therefore, the matter of clinically significant
alterations of lipids or blood glucose levels should not need further
consideration as a problem of the treatment of diabetics. Discussion and
conclusion. Investigations have proved that the use of beta-blockers reduces
the development of cerebrovascular accidents, heart insufficiency and
hypertension. Despite strong arguments and numerous recommendations,
beta-blockers have not been accepted to a sufficient extent as an integral
part of treatment of acute coronary syndrome and related diseases, to the
detriment of many lost lives and in spite of favourable pharmaco-economic
aspect.
Psychomotor re-education: Movement as therapeutic method
Authors: Golubovic Spela , Tubic Tatjana , Markovic Slavica
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Psychomotor re-education represents a multidimensional
therapeutic approach in dealing with children and adults with psychomotor
disorders. Therapeutic programs should be based on individual differences,
abilities and capabilities, relationships, feelings and individual
developmental needs as well as emotional condition of a child. Body and
movement as the bases of the treatment. A movement, glance, touch, voice and
word, all being an integral part of a process of psychomotor re-education,
are used with a purpose of helping children to discover their own body, their
feelings, needs, behaviour. When moving, children discover the space of their
own bodily nature, and, subsequently, gestural space and objective space. The
body represents a source of pleasure and the freedom of movement, as well as
one?s own existence, are soon to be discovered. Practical application. An
adequate assessment is a precondition to design a work plan, select the best
exercises for each child individually and direct the course of therapy. This
is the most suitable method for treating children with slow or disharmonious
development, mentally challenged children, children with speech and behaviour
disorders. It is also used in the treatment of children with dyspraxic
difficulties, difficulties in practognostic and gnostic development,
pervasive developmental disorder and children with lateral dominance
problems. Conclusion. Therefore, a systematic observation seems to be
necessary as well as an increased number of research projects aimed at
assessing results obtained by exercises in order to get a more precise
insight into the process of re-education, selection of exercises, duration
period and possible outcomes.
Out-of-hospital treatment in case of drowning
Authors: Popovic Vladan , Gvozdenovic Ljiljana , Ivanov Igor , Milic Sasa
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Drowning is a leading preventable cause of unintentional
morbidity and mortality. The dominant pathophysiological mechanism of
drowning includes the development of acute hypoxia. First aid. The rescue
procedure of a drowning person includes careful pulling the victim out of the
water, examination, maintenance of the airways passable and urgent transfer
to hospital. Basic life support. The first and most important treatment
option of a drowning victim is the provision of ventilation which increases
the chances of survival. As soon as the unresponsive victim is removed from
the water, the lay rescuer should immediately begin chest compressions and
provide cycles of ventilations and compressions. Some recent investigations
have revealed that exterior compression of the chest is a necessary measure
even in a situation when by?standers cannot provide airway. It is recommended
to train by?standers to provide basic life support and apply automated
external defibrillator in a drowning person whenever indicated and as early
as possible. Advanced life support. In drowning, the victim with cardiac
arrest requires advanced life support, including an early intubation.
Extended medical measures, which are primarily provided by medical
professionals, include cervical spine immobilization in case a spinal injury
is suspected, or, establishment of the ventilation with oxygen, emergency
transport, application of reanimation and advanced vital support measures.
Detection and treatment of amblyopia in children
Authors: Canadanovic Vladimir , Bjelica Dragana , Babovic Sinisa , Bedov Tatjana , Babic Nikola , Grkovic Desanka
Published: April 2011

Refractive errors are a common cause of decreased visual acuity. They can be
found in 2-4% of preschool children. If not discovered on time and not
properly treated, they can lead to amblyopia and strabismus. The active
participation of parents and paediatricians is of great importance in timely
discovering and treatment of amblyopia. The most common causes of amblyopia
are strabismus (50.1%) and refractive error (44.7%). The best treatment
results are achieved in amblyopic children with strabismus. The cooperation
of physicians of all specialties, above all paediatricians and
ophthalmologists, as well as a good collaboration of parents based on their
being well-informed, must exist in the process of timely diagnosing and
treating of amblyopia.
Thoracoabdominal teratoma: Rare location
Authors: Cvijanovic Radovan , Ivanov Dejan , Zivojinov Mirjana
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Teratomas are tumours derived from pluripotent germ cells. They
appear most frequently on ovaries. However, other locations are also
possible: testicles, retroperitoneum, stomach, neck, and bottom of the mouth
cavity. It is not very common to find teratomas in two different body
cavities. Case report. A 51-year-old patient visited her doctor complaining
of an intensive pain which suddenly appeared in her low back. The computed
tomography scan of the abdomen was performed, which revealed cystic
formation, 12.5 x 18 cm in size, with remarkable capsule visualization. It
had paraaortic, subdiaphragmatic, retropancreatic and suprarenal left
localisation with signs of compression and pancreatic dislocation. The cystic
formation had a septated appearance filled with clear fluid in all its parts
except at the bottom, where it was dense. The intra-operative finding was
left retroperitoneal mass placed above the left kidney, dislocating
surrounding structures and their infiltration could not be excluded for sure.
A tumour mass passed through the diaphragmatic hiatus and continued in the
left thoracic space. The cyst was only drained and the fenestration was
performed. Three months later, the second operation was
performed-splenectomy, left suprarenaladenectomy, left nephrectomy, aortic
deliberalisation, the left diaphragmatic crus was opened and tumour mass was
completely removed from the thoracic space. The histological examination
showed mature teratoma with morphological characterisations of the skin, so
the definite diagnosis was dermoid cyst. Conclusion. The patient presented
with thoracoabdominal teratoma. Although without malignant transformation,
the teratoma required splenectomy, supraadrenalectomy and nefrectomy due to
its position and size.
On the radius and the relation between the total graph of a commutative ring and its extensions
Authors: Pucanovic Zoran , Petrovic Zoran
Published: April 2011

We discuss the determination of the radius of the total graph of a
commutative ring R in the case when this graph is connected. Typical
extensions such as polynomial rings, formal power series, idealization of the
R-module M and relations between the total graph of the ring R and its
extensions are also dealt with.
The Erdős-Kac theorem for curvatures in integral apollonian circle packings
Authors: Djankovic Goran
Published: April 2011

The Erd?s-Kac type result for curvatures of circles in integral Apollonian
packings is proved.
A loopless implementation of a gray code for signed permutations
Authors: Korsh James , Lafollette Paul , Lipschutz Seymour
Published: April 2011

Conway, Sloane and Wilks [1989] proved the existence of a Gray code for the
reflection group Bn. The elements of this group are the signed permutations
of the set 1, 2, . . . ,n. Here we give a loopless algorithm which generates
a specific Gray code for Bn.
Hereditarily indecomposable Hausdorff continua have unique hyperspaces 2X and Cn(X)
Authors: Illanes Alejandro
Published: April 2011

Let X be a Hausdorff continuum (a compact connected Hausdorff space). Let 2X
(respectively, Cn(X)) denote the hyperspace of nonempty closed subsets of X
(respectively, nonempty closed subsets of X with at most n components), with
the Vietoris topology. We prove that if X is hereditarily indecomposable, Y
is a Hausdorff continuum and 2X (respectively Cn(X)) is homeomorphic to 2Y
(respectively, Cn(Y )), then X is homeomorphic to Y.
Dental status of institutionalized persons with special needs who live in Special institution “Srce u jabuci” in Pancevo
Authors: Savic-Stankovic Tatjana , Jovanovic-Medojevic Milica , Zivkovic Slavoljub
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Dental status of most people with special needs is not
satisfactory. Many of them are edentulous or toothless, with acute extensive
caries lesions present, high DMFT index and severe periodontal disease. The
objective of this study was to examine the dental status of mentally impaired
persons who live in the special institution ?Srce u jabuci? in Pancevo.
Material and Methods. Clinical examination was performed on 114
institutionalized patients (68 male and 46 female), age 22 to 71 years.
Patients were divided in two groups; the first group consisted of 71 persons
who had a moderate mental disorder (F71), while the second group included
43 respondents with severe mental retardation (F72). Oral examination
revealed: the number of present teeth, caries lesions, the presence of
restorations, the number of extracted teeth, the presence of residual roots,
fractures and the presence and number of fixed restorations. Results. The
mean DMFT of total examined teeth was 20.33?7.63. The greatest percentage
found for extracted teeth (63.76%): in the first group 63.23%, and in the
second 64.06%. The percentage of teeth that had caries lesions of all
examined teeth was 33.48%, while the lowest percentage was for restored teeth
(2.76%). In majority of examined people, initial caries, deep caries, or
tooth with the exposed pulp (K1 - 51.74% K2 - 40.35%, K3 - 51.75%) were not
found. A high percentage of examined people had more than 10 extracted teeth
(52.63%). Most of them did not have any restoration in the mouth (81%) and
only three persons had fixed denture. Conclusion. Dental status of
institutionalized mentally impaired persons showed high prevalence of
extracted teeth, significant presence of carious lesions and small percentage
of restored teeth with inadequate oral hygiene.
BioRaCe NiTi system: Biologically desirable apical sizes - safely and efficiently
Authors: Debelian Gilberto
Published: April 2011

The main goal of endodontic treatment is an effective cleaning and shaping of
the root canal in order to eliminate bacteria from the canal system and
prevent the occurrence of apical periodontitis. Adequate choice of
instruments and preparation techniques significantly reduce the number of
bacteria in the canal system prior to obturation. Studies have confirmed that
canals instrumented to acceptable apical diameters provide significantly
lower number of bacteria even without the use of irrigation. Application of
rotary instruments, such as BioRaCe, provides biologi- cally appropriate
diameter in the apical portion of the canal and thus a lower number of
residual bacteria to ensure safe and effective obturation.
Integrating climate change adaptation policies in spatial development planning in Serbia: A challenging task ahead
Authors: Lazarevic-Bajec Nada
Published: April 2011

Climate change adaptation policies integration process adds a new dimension
to spatial planning. National planning systems need to be reviewed for their
capability to incorporate new procedures and implementation tools with a view
to upgrading general efficacy of public response to climate change. The
Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia (SPRS) adopted in October 2010 devotes
special attention to issues of climate change, mitigation and particularly
adaptation. This paper argues that regional level of governance is key to
considering climate change vulnerability and setting a framework for specific
actions on the local level. In the absence of the regional level, great
responsibility is on the national planning level to lay out detailed
guidelines and regulations as a guidance for spatial planning practice. What
problems may be expected in the SPRS implementation with respect to climate
change adaptation? How the adaptation policies adopted in the plan will be
integrated into subordinate plans, regional and local? What limitations will
the overall system face in policy harmonization? Although this brief paper
cannot answer all of these questions, it will try to explain them and
indicate the necessary transformations to the planning system to be discussed
in the coming period.
The use of mineral resources and issues of harmonization between spatial plans for the mining areas in Serbia with other strategic documents
Authors: Petric Jasna , Djurdjevic Jasmina
Published: April 2011

Growing development needs and requirements for mineral resources endorsed by
the contemporary society reopen the issues of mineral resources finitude and
effects that mineral industry imposes on the global scene. Mining is
certainly among the activities which raise numerous environmental and social
concerns being enhanced by continuous demand for new exploitation areas.
Experience supports the need for continuous process of planning in the mining
areas and development of extensive research, both fundamental and applied.
With particular focus on spatial plans for the mining areas in Serbia, this
paper addresses current mining regulatory framework and issue of
harmonization between spatial plans for the mining areas with other pertinent
strategic documents on environmental and social protection. Regardless they
have been prescriptive or legally binding, fundamental principles of these
strategic documents serve as guidance towards sustainable development in the
mining sector under the new institutional, organization and economic
settings.
Customary rules of the Rajac wine cellars construction
Authors: Alfirevic Djordje
Published: April 2011

This paper considers the possibility of implementing the customary rules of
construction and organization of the Rajac wine cellars, as well as whether
and to what extent they have been implemented so far. Wine cellars of the
village of Rajac are a unique example of ethno-architecture in the Republic
of Serbia and its surrounding. They are under the protection regime as a rare
spatial cultural-historical entity, i.e. cultural property of exceptional
importance to Serbia. The paper analyzes various elements of spatial
development and structure, as well as specific characteristics of
construction carried out by migrant workers. Considering that customary rules
of construction are found in some other complexes of folk architecture in the
immediate and broader surrounding of the Republic of Serbia (Korcula,
Dubrovnik and Ilok in the Republic of Croatia), it has been indicated, based
on comparative analysis, that it is possible that the same rules as those
implemented during the foundation and development of the Rajac wine cellars
have also been implemented later during their renovation by introducing new
architectural principles through characteristic way of construction of
Macedonian craftsmen-builders - migrant workers.
The frequency of sensitization to inhalatory allergens and concomitant rhinitis in asthmatic patients
Authors: Zvezdin Biljana , Milutinov Senka , Tanaskovic Ivana , Kojicic Marija , Kolarov Violeta , Hromis Sanja , Ilic Miroslav
Published: April 2011

Background/Aim. Asthma is one of the most common chronic pulmonary diseases.
The number of asthmatics has been continuously increasing all over the world.
Depending on its causing agent, asthma is classified as allergic and
nonallergic. Asthma is often associated with other allergic diseases, and it
is most commonly preceded by the symptoms of rhinitis. The aim of this study
was to establish the type and frequency of allergic sensitization to
inhalatory allergens, frequency of concomitant rhinitis, gender and
age-related distribution of asthma, and the presence of some risk factors in
patients with diagnosed asthma. Methods. This retrospective and partially
prospective analysis included 733 patients with asthma diagnosed in the
Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica over the
period January, 2004-December, 2008. The obtained date were statistically
processed. Results. Females were significantly more often affected by asthma
(p < 0.05), most frequently at 20-29 years of age. A hereditary
predisposition to the diseases in terms of atopy was registered in 34.9% of
the examined subjects. Most patients had allergic asthma (79.5%).
Sensitization to internal and external inhalatory allergens was verified in
77.5% and 67.6% of the patients respectively, and combined hypersensitivity
to both allergen types in 48.8% of the patients. Rhinitis was registered in
63.9% and 28% of the patients with allergic and nonallergic asthma,
respectively. Rhinitis symptoms preceded the occurrence of asthma in 60% of
the patients, with the precedence of rhinitis ranging from 1 to 27 years. A
high correlation between rhinitis and asthma was established for the disease
of both allergic (r = 0.92) and nonallergic (r = 0.88) etiology. Conclusion.
The majority of the patients have allergic asthma, and they are females at
20-29 years of age. Senstization to internal allergens is most common, and
then to external ones. Rhinitis is the most common concomitant disease,
usually preceding the occurrence of asthmatic symptoms.
Hormonal status in patients with advanced prostatic cancer on the therapy with androgen blockade
Authors: Vojinov Sasa , Levakov Ivan , Jeremic Dimitrije , Zivojinov Srdjan , Marusic Goran
Published: April 2011

Background/Aim. Hormone suppression therapy is used in men with advanced
prostate cancer improving chances of longer survival. The aim of this study
was to investigate the influence of androgen blockades on testosterone and
luteinizing hormone (LH) values in patients with locally advanced and
metastatic prostatic cancer. Methods. The study included a total of 60
patients out of which 45 with prostatic cancer divided into 3 subgroups based
on the type of the applied treatment protocol: 15 patients on monotherapy
with luteinizing-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists (group I), 15 patients on
total androgen blockade (group II) and 15 patients on monotherapy with
antiandrogen (group III)). The control group consisted of 15 patients with
benign prostatic hyperplasia. In all the patients, values of testosteron, LH
and prostatespecific antigen (PSA) were monitored initially, as well as 3 and
6 months after the treatment protocol introduction. Results. In the patients
of the groups I, II and III, values of testosterone decreased after three
months by 95.58%, 95.72%, and 67%, respectively. The difference was
significant (p < 0.01). Between the values after three and six months there
was no significant difference in these groups of participants. Testosterone
values were significantly higher in the patients of the group III in both
analyses. Comparing the values between the groups III and I, as well as those
of the groups III and II, a significant difference was found after three and
six months of the therapy (p < 0.01). There was a difference in testosterone
values between the groups I and II after 3 and 6 months, but not significant.
All types of the applied treatment protocols in the therapy of prostatic
cancer significantly decreased the values of LH compared to the basal ones.
Conclusion. Total androgen blockade and LH-RH agonists are more effective in
lowering testosterone values (to castration values) compared to the
antiandrogen monotherapy, where testosterone values stay above the castration
level. This therapy approach has advantages, since it decreases testosterone
values providing better therapy response. There is a difference in
testosterone values, but not significant, when total androgen blockade and
monotherapy with LH-RH agonists are administered. Registered lower basal
values of LH in all patients with prostatic cancer open the possibility to
introduce LH as a new additional, significant marker in diagnosis of this
neoplasm.
Heritability of bipolar affective disorder: Family study
Authors: Obradovic Tanja , Velickovic Ruzica , Timotijevic Ivana , Andjelkovic Marko
Published: April 2011

Background/Aim. Bipolar affective disorder is mental disorder with polygenic
type of heredity. Heritability - relation between genetic and environmental
variance is used to estimate the level of influence of genetic variance to
phenotype variance. Study results show decreasing trend in the value of
heritability of bipolar affective disorder, thus indicating that this
disorder is a complex behavioral threshold characteristic. Therefore, the aim
of this study was to estimate the contribution of genetic variance to
phenotype variance of bipolar affective disorder, i.e. to estimate
heritability of this disorder. Methods. By the use of a questionnaire, 80
patients with over crossed threshold for bipolar affective disorder were
asked for functional information about the members of their families
belonging to the first degree of relation (fathers, mothers and full- sibs).
By using ?Applet for calculating heritability for threshold traits
(disease)?, and regression analysis, heritability of bipolar affective
disorder as well as its statistical significance, were estimated (?2 test).
Results. Heritability and relationship of genetic and environmental variance
of bipolar affective disorder is 0.2 with statistically significant
difference from zero (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The estimated contribution of
genetic variance to phenotype variance of bipolar affective disorder is low
being 20%, while the contribution of environmental variance is 80%. This
result contributes to the understanding of bipolar affective disorder as a
complex behavioral threshold trait.
Selective intraarterial radionuclide therapy with yttrium-90 (Y-90) microspheres for hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: Initial experience at a single center
Authors: Arslan Nuri , Emi Mustafa , Alagöz Engin , Üstünsöz Bahri , Oysul Kaan , Arpacı Fikret , Uğurel Şahin , Beyzadeoğlu Murat , Özgüven Ali
Published: April 2011

Background/Aim. Selective intraarterial radionuclide therapy (SIRT) with
Yttrium-90 (Y-90) microspheres is also known as radioembolization and
delivers high doses of radiation to hepatic tumors with minimum healthy liver
exposure. The aim of this study was to present our preliminary experience in
the role of liver directed radiotherapy with Y-90 microspheres for the
treatment of unresectable hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumors
(NET). Methods. The results of SIRT in 10 patients (5 males, 5 females; mean
age 48.7 years; age range 24-73 years) with metastatic liver disease from
NETs during the period from April 2008 through August 2010 were reviewed. All
patients had meticulous pre- and post-imaging studies as a part of their
work-up procedure, as well as serologic tests of liver function to determine
the extent of liver function damage. The patients who were eligible for SIRT
had pretreatment visceral angiography to define and occlude non-target
arteries. Results. The mean ? SD administered SIR-Spheres? activity was 1.49
? 0.42 GBq (range 0.72-2.21 GBq) in all the patients. These treatments
delivered a dose of 99.73 ? 66.36 Gy (range 49- 420.8 Gy) to the target
tumors. The estimated dose to the lungs and normal liver was 4.45 ? 1.95 Gy
(range 2.4-8.5 Gy) and 26.73 ? 14.19 Gy (range 5-58.9 Gy), respectively.
Overall response rate of 90% and patient tolerance was satisfactory for most
patients. Conclusion. From our limited experience, we can conclude that SIRT
with Y-90 microspheres is a safe and efficacious treatment option for
patients with liver metastasis of NET without any serious side effects.
Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma presented as a tumor of the maxillary sinus and retrobulbar tumor
Authors: Kolarevic Daniela , Tomasevic Zorica , Boricic Ivan , Rasic Dejan , Andjelic-Dekic Natasa , Milovanovic Zorka , Jelic Svetislav
Published: April 2011

Introduction. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent primary
malignant tumor of the liver. It is usually seen in the 6th and 7th decades
of life and chronic hepatitis B is the most frequent cause. Extrahepatic
metastasis of HCC is an indicator of a poor prognosis and the most common
sites are lungs, bones, lymph nodes, kidneys and adrenal glands. We reported
a case of isolated metastasis in the right maxilla, which had been found
initially, before the tumor in the liver was diagnosed. Case report. A
70-year-old man underwent dental surgery of the upper right molar. Prolonged
bleeding control was difficult for up to two weeks, so the biopsy was
performed. Histopathological analysis revealed a metastatic hepatocellular
carcinoma. Computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed a diffusely
heterogeneous liver parenchyma with irregular borders and two foci of mass
lesions. There were metastasis in the spleen and also two pathological
retroperitoneal lymph nodes were detected, but no ascit, liver cirrhosis,
cholestasis or portal vein thrombosis were seen. CT of the orbital and
maxillary regions revealed a tumor mass in the right maxillary sinus,
spreading to the alveolar sinus, nasal cavity and partially infratemporal
space. A tumor mass was in the right orbit as well, infiltrating the
surrounding bones and muscles. Clinically, there was proptosis of the right
eye accompanied by amaurosis. The treatment started with chemotherapy based
on 5-fluorouracil (sorafenib was not available). After three cycles, control
CTs showed a stable disease in the liver, but progression in the right
maxillary sinus and orbit. Enucleation of the right eye was performed and
postoperative radiotherapy was planed. The patient deteriorated rapidly and
died, about 6 months after the disease had been diagnosed. Conclusion.
Extrahepatic metastasis of HCC represents a progressive phase of the disease
with poor prognosis, so the main aim of the treatment should be palliation
and care of symptoms.