bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alkylresorcinols of the Human Gut Microbiota: A New Way to Influence Holobiont’s Functioning
Authors: Zabolotneva Anastasia A. , Gaponov Andrei M. , Roumiantsev Sergey A. , Zlatnik Elena Yu. , Maksimov Aleksei Yu. , Goncharova Anna A. , Novikova Inna A. , Appolonova Svetlana A. , Markin Pavel A. , Shestopalov Alexander V.
Published: July 2023

Background: Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are polyphenolic compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activities and potentially implicated in the regulation of host metabolism. The present study is aimed to establish whether ARs can be produced by human gut microbiota and to evaluate alterations in the content of ARs in stool samples of C57BL and db/db and LDLR (-/-) mice in dependence on diet specifications and olivetol (5-n-pentylresorcinol) supplementation in order to estimate a regulatory potential of ARs. Methods: The quantita-tive analysis of ARs levels in mice stool samples was performed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from human donor to germ-free mice was performed to explore whether the intestinal microbiota could produce ARs molecules. Results: A significant increase in the amounts of individual mem-bers of ARs homologues in stool samples was revealed in 14 days after FMT. 5-n-Pentylresorcinol supplementation to a regular-chow diet influences the amounts of sev-eral ARs in stool of C57BL/6 and LDLR (-/-), but not db/db mice. Conclusions: For the first time, we have shown that several ARs can be produced by the intestinal microbiota. Taking into account, that AR concentrations in human serum are correlated with LPS levels and with microbiota diversity indexes in human stool samples, it can be assumed that ARs may serve as quorum-sensing molecules, influencing gut microbiota composition and host me-tabolism as well.
Carbon Capture and Storage through Upcycling of Suberinic Acid Residues in Wood Composites Finishing
Authors: Jeżo Aleksandra , Kowaluk Grzegorz
Published: July 2023

Finishing coatings used in the wood-based composites industry play a key role in the final appearance of the finished product. However, the use of such coatings is not only for aesthetic purposes but also to protect the product against surface damage and moisture or minimize the emission of harmful substances. The latter is an extremely important factor in terms of safety for both the manufacturer and the user, which is why the emissivity test is one of the most important tests in the case of finishing coatings. Such a role can be played by carbon-rich materials, such as those remaining from the extraction of birch bark. In this article, an attempt was made to create coatings in the form of a film by combining a biopolymer with suberinic acid residues (SAR). There were two types of biopolymers used – polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), in various polymer-SAR ratios. SAR as a residue, is a material that bounds CO2 from the atmosphere and creates a possibility of further use. As part of this study, the obtained coatings were tested in terms of resistance to scratch, relative hardness, cold liquids, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde emission, surface absorption etc. Differences in the polymers used and the effect of the SAR additive on selected surface properties were demonstrated. The addition of carbon-rich SAR significantly improves the gas barrier properties of the surface finishing materials based on PLA and PCL. The relative hardness and scratch resistance has also increased with raising SAR content. However, the increasing content of SAR filler act as a limiter in the depth of penetration of deposited surface finishing materials onto the wood surface.
Planning of Innovative Changes in Development of the Socio-Economic Systems
Authors: Artomova Alina , Davydova Iryna , Korobko Dmytro
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The planning of innovative changes in socio-economic systems should focus on the effective utilization of the existing potential for innovative development. This research proposes a method for strategic planning of innovative changes, which enables the determination of development goals, approaches to problem-solving, and a system of indicators to optimize plans for innovative change. The stages of organizing innovative activities, aligned with the mechanism of project development and implementation, are identified. The technique is improved through a system of analytical indicators that assess the state of innovative activity and the scientific and technical level of innovations. The establishment of admissible sets of elementary processes and their combinations leading to innovative changes is also discussed. The planning algorithm is adapted to the type of innovative behavior and the state of the innovation potential within the socio-economic system. The potential for innovation in socio-economic systems is exemplified by the case of Ukraine, with the determination of the strategy for its innovative development in relation to the potentially optimal state.
Atypical Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia—The Current Status
Authors: Robak Tadeusz , Krawczyńska Anna , Cebula-Obrzut Barbara , Urbaniak Marta , Iskierka-Jażdżewska Elżbieta , Robak Paweł
Published: July 2023

A diagnosis of typical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) requires the presence of ≥5000 clonal B-lymphocytes/μL with the coexistence of CD19, CD20, CD5, and CD23 and the restriction of light chain immunoglobulin, and the lack of expression of antigens CD22 and CD79b. Atypical CLL (aCLL) can be distinguished from typical CLL morphologically and immunophenotypically. Atypical CLL cells are defined as prolymphocytes; morphologically, these present as deeply-clefted lymphocytes which are larger than those in typical CLL, with condensed chromatin and without prominent nucleoli. However, current aCLL diagnostics rely more on immunophenotypic characteristics rather than atypical morphology. Immunophenotypically, atypical CLL differs from classic CLL in the lack of expression of one or fewer surface antigens, most commonly CD5 and CD23, and the patient does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of any other B-cell lymphoid malignancy. Morphologically atypical CLL has more aggressive clinical behavior and worse prognosis than classic CLL. Patients with aCLL are more likely to display markers associated with poor prognosis, including trisomy 12, unmutated IGVH, and CD38 expression compared with classic CLL. However, no standard or commonly-accepted criteria exist for differentiating aCLL from classic CLL and the clinical significance of aCLL is still under debate. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the morphological, immunophenotypic and genetic abnormalities of aCLL.
Diversity and Evolution of the MHC Class II DRB Gene in an Alpine Ungulate, the Siberian Ibex (Capra sibirica), Experienced a Demographic Fluctuation in China
Authors: Dong Pei-Pei , Wang Rui-Rui , Abduriyim Shamshidin
Published: July 2023

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are the most polymorphic genes in vertebrates, and their proteins play a critical role in adaptive immunity for defense against a variety of pathogens. MHC diversity was lost in many species after experiencing a decline in size. To understand the variation and evolution of MHC genes in the Siberian ibex, Capra sibirica, which has undergone a population decline, we analyzed the variation of the second exon of MHC class II DRB genes in samples collected from five geographic localities in Xinjiang, China, that belong to three diverged mitochondrial clades. Consequently, we identified a total of 26 putative functional alleles (PFAs) with 260 bp in length from 43 individuals, and found one (for 27 individuals) to three (for 5 individuals) PFAs per individual, indicating the presence of one or two DRB loci per haploid genome. The Casi-DRB1*16 was the most frequently occurring PFA, Casi-DRB1*22 came after found in only seven individuals, 14 PFAs occurred once (7 PFAs twice), implying high frequency of rare PFAs. Interestingly, more than half of the (15) PFAs were specific to clade I, only one and three PFAs were specific to clades II and III, respectively. So, we assume that the polygamy and sextual segregation nature of this species likely contributed to the allelic diversity of DRB genes. Genetic diversity indices showed that PFAs of clade II were lower in nucleotide, amino acid, and supertype diversity compared to those of the other two clades. The way of allele sharing and FST values between three clades were to some extent in agreement with pattern observed in mitochondrial DNA divergence. In addition, recombination analyses revealed no evidence for significant signatures of recombination events. Alleles shared by clades III and the other two clades diverged 6 million years ago, and systematic neighbor grids showed cross-species polymorphisms. Together with the PAML and MEME analyses, the results indicated that the DRB gene in C. sibirica evolved under balancing and positive selection. However, by comparison, it can be clearly seen that different populations were under different selective pressures. Our results are valuable in understanding the diversity and evolution of the DRB gene in a mountain living C. sibirica and in making decisions on future long-term protection strategies.
Comparative Analysis of Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab and Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter, Propensity Score Study
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon , Nam Hee-Chul , Kim Chang Wook , Cho Hee Sun , Yoo Jae-Sung , Han Ji Won , Jang Jeong Won , Choi Jong Young , Yoon Seung Kew , Yang Hyun , Bae Si Hyun , Kim Suho , Oh Jung-Suk , Chun Ho Jong , Chun Chang Ho , Ahn Jaegyoon , Sung Pil Soo
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to compare the prognosis and characteristics of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with first-line atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (AB) combination therapy and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). We retrospectively assessed 179 and 72 patients treated with HAIC and AB combination therapy, respectively, between January 2018 and January 2023. The progression-free survival of patients treated with HAIC was significantly superior than that of patients treated with AB (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in overall survival and objective response rate (ORR) between the two groups (P=0.1056 and P=0.137, respectively). After propensity score matching (PSM), our data revealed that there was no significant difference in PFS between patients who received AB combination therapy and HAIC therapy (P=0.8888). However, patients who received AB combination therapy had significantly better overall survival than those who received HAIC therapy (P=0.0133). In addition, after PSM, significant differences in ORR and disease control rate were not observed. In conclusion, our propensity score study reveals that patients treated with AB therapy have a significantly longer OS than those treated with HAIC.
Visual Odometer Based on Image Region Texture Weights of ORB Features
Authors: Wu Di , Ma Zhihao , Xu Weiping , He Haifeng , Li Zhenlin
Published: July 2023

ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotated Brief) features are the most commonly used features in visual SLAM and visual odometry that have high computational speed, and rotation scale invariance. However, due to the homogenization of ORB features, the corner properties of specific features are poor in some artificial environments, and it can lead to poor matching performance when the environmental texture is not rich. The underlying reason is that the pixel grayscale changes in the less-richly textured regions on the image are not obvious, leading to a certain degree of mis-matching in the matching process. At the same time, when the camera motion speed is low, there is much overlap between adjacent frames. This results in minimal or almost no changes in the projection of feature points, and the system is highly sensitive to errors, In this case, even small errors can cause significant fluctuations in the calculation results. In response to the above issues, an improved feature point method for stereo vision mileage calculation is proposed to solve the problem of system stability deterioration when cameras move at low speeds in artificial envi-ronments. Firstly, weight calculation based on different texture regions is used to solve the problem of low corner properties of feature points caused by environmental texture differences. Then, keyframes are used for motion model estimation to improve the system's stability under low-speed motion. The experimental results of the dataset showed that the key frame rate was optimal between 10% and 12%, and the positioning accuracy was higher than these open-source systems compared with three common open-source VO systems.
ChatGPT as a Complementary Mental Health Resource: A Boon or a Bane
Authors: Farhat Faiza
Published: July 2023

The launch of Open AI's chatbot, ChatGPT, has generated a lot of attention and discussion among professionals in several fields. Many concerns and challenges have been brought up by researchers from various fields, particularly in relation to the harm that using these tools for medical diagnosis and treatment recommendations can cause. Additionally, it has been debated if ChatGPT is dependable, efficient, and helpful for clinicians and medical professionals. Therefore, in this study, we assess ChatGPT's effectiveness in providing mental health support, particularly for issues related to anxiety and depression, based on the chatbot's responses and cross-questioning. The findings indicate that there are significant inconsistencies and that ChatGPT's reliability is low in this specific domain. As a result, care must be used when using ChatGPT as a complementary mental health resource.
Water Conflicts in Chile: Have We Learned Anything From Colonial Times?
Authors: Blanco Elisa , Donoso Guillermo , Camus Pablo
Published: July 2023

The number of disputes related to water that reach courts in Chile has increased in the last decades, the topics of these disputes have become more complex, and the current conflict resolution system has not been able to adjust to this situation. This study analyses colonial texts from water-related conflicts that were addressed at the Royal Hearings in Santiago (1691-1800) and from the Cabildo gatherings (1541-1802), using an adaptation of the Institutional Analysis and Development framework. The research shows a strong institutional system surrounding conflict resolution during colonial times, with nested schemes and empowered figures appointed in leading roles. However, a lack of equity and inclusion of all actors is also visible, reducing its legitimacy. At present, the increasing value of water and a sense of distrust in the institutional system have led to longer and more complex conflict resolution processes. Here, learning from past times about the empowerment of the institutional system for solving water disputes could be useful. An increased support towards initial conflict resolution mechanisms, giving space for local knowledge and generating stronger participation in these initial steps, could also be a lesson for the future.
Colon Cancer: Figuring Out the Complicated Link for Targeted Treatments Using Microbiota
Authors: Patil Abhinandan , Singh Neha
Published: July 2023

The gut microbiota's part in colon cancer has become an exciting and hopeful area of study because it shows complex links that affect how cancer starts, spreads, and responds to treatments. Dysbiosis, which is an imbalance in the community of germs in the gut, has been linked to a higher risk of colon cancer by causing inflammation and making a place where tumours can grow. Researchers have found that some kinds of bugs can either help colon cancer grow or stop it from doing so. This shows how important it is to maintain a healthy gut bacteria. In both preclinical and clinical research, therapeutic treatments that target the microbiome in the gut have shown promise. Probiotics and prebiotics can change the environment around a tumour, change the balance of microorganisms in the gut, and boost immune responses that fight the cancer. Faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) is being looked at as a new way to change the bacteria in the guts of people with colon cancer. By adding microbiota-targeted drugs to standard cancer treatments, it may be possible to make the treatment more effective and lessen side effects. Microbiota-focused treatments for colon cancer are still in their early stages, but they show promise. More research needs to be done to find out how they work and show that they work in the clinic. The link between the bacteria in the gut and colon cancer opens up new ways to help patients and give them better results. This might make a difference in how colon cancer is handled in the future.
Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury
Authors: Mihailova Victoria , Stoyanova Irina I. , Tonchev Anton B.
Published: July 2023

There is a growing interest in glial cells in the central nervous system due to their important role in maintaining brain homeostasis both under physiological conditions and after injury. A significant amount of evidence has been accumulated regarding their capacity to exert either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects under different pathological conditions. In combination with their known proliferative potential, they contribute not only to the limitation of brain damage and tissue remodeling but also to neuronal repair and synaptic recovery. Moreover, reactive glial cells can modulate the processes of neurogenesis, proliferation, and migration of neurons in the existing neural circuits in the adult brain. By discovering precise signals within specific niches, the regulation of sequential processes in adult neurogenesis holds the potential to unlock strategies that can stimulate the generation of functional neurons, whether in response to injury or as a means of addressing degenerative neurological conditions. Cerebral ischemic stroke, a condition falling within the realm of acute vascular disorders affecting the circulation of the brain, stands as a prominent global cause of disability and mortality. Extensive investigations into glial plasticity and their intricate interactions with other cells in the central nervous system have predominantly relied on studies conducted on experimental animals, including rodents and primates. However, valuable insights have also been gleaned from in vivo studies involving post-stroke patients, utilizing highly specialized imaging techniques. Following the attempts to map brain cells, the role of various transcription factors in modulating gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia is gaining increasing popularity. Although the results obtained thus far remain incomplete and occasionally ambiguous, they serve as a solid foundation for the development of strategies aimed at influencing the recovery process after ischemic brain injury.
Influence of Metabolic, Transporter, and Pathogenic Genes on Pharmacogenetics and DNA Methylation in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Martinez Olaia , Naidoo Vinogran , Carrera Iván , Carril Juan C. , Cacabelos Natalia , Cacabelos Ramón
Published: July 2023

Pharmacogenetics and DNA methylation influence therapeutic outcomes and provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for brain-related disorders. To understand the effect of genetic polymorphisms on drug response and disease risk, we analyzed the relationship between global DNA methylation, drug-metabolizing enzymes, transport genes, and pathogenic gene phenotypes in serum samples from two groups of patients: Group A, which showed increased 5-methylcytosine (5mC) levels during clinical follow-up, and Group B, which exhibited no discernible change in 5mC levels. We identified specific SNPs in several metabolizing genes, including CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP4F2, GSTP1, and NAT2 that were associated with differential drug responses. Specific SNPs in CYP had a significant impact on enzyme activity, leading to changes in phenotypic distribution between the two patient groups. Group B, which contained a lower frequency of normal metabolizers and a higher frequency of ultra-rapid metabolizers compared to patients in Group A, did not show an improvement in 5mC levels during follow-up. Furthermore, there were significant differences in phenotype distribution between patient Groups A and B for several SNPs associated with transporter genes (ABCB1, ABCC2, SLC2A9, SLC39A8, and SLCO1B1) and pathogenic genes (APOE, NBEA, and PTGS2). These findings appear to suggest that the interplay between pharmacogenomics and DNA methylation has important implications for improving treatment outcomes in patients with brain-related disorders.
Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene and 1-Nitropyrene in Particulate Matter Increases Oxidative Stress in the Human Body
Authors: Choi Sun-Haeng , Ochirpurev Bolormaa , Toriba Akira , Won Jong-Uk , Kim Heon
Published: July 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been reported to cause oxidative stress in metabolic processes. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between exposure to PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), in the atmosphere and oxidative stress levels in the human body. This study included 44 Korean adults who lived in Cheongju, South Korea. Atmospheric BaP and 1-NP concentrations and urinary 6-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene (6-OHNP), N-acetyl-1-aminopyrene (1-NAAP), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) concentrations were measured. The oxidative stress level was assessed by measuring urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations. Urinary TBARS and 6-OHNP concentrations significantly differed between winter and summer. BaP exposure was significantly associated with urinary 8-OHdG concentrations in summer. However, atmospheric 1-NP did not show a significant correlation with oxidative stress marker concentrations. Urinary 1-NAAP concentration was a significant determinant for urinary 8-OHdG concentration in summer. Oxidative stress in the body increases in proportion to inhalation exposure to BaP, and more 8-OHdG is produced in the body as the amount of 1-NP, which is metabolized to 1-AP or 1-NAAP, increases.
Tribological Evaluation of Vegetable Oil/MoS2 Nanotubes-Based Lubrication of Laser-Textured Stainless Steel
Authors: Conradi Marjetka , Podgornik Bojan , Remškar Maja , Klobčar Damjan , Kocijan Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

We present functionalization of AISI 316L surfaces by nanosecond Nd:YAG laser texturing in order to modify the surface morphology with crosshatch and dimple patterns. We performed tribological analysis under lubrication with sunflower and jojoba oil with and without addition of solid lubricant, MoS2 nanotubes. In connection to friction/wear response we analysed laser-textured surface wettability, oil spreadability and oil retention capacity. We have shown, that the crosshatch pattern generally exhibited lower friction than the dimples pattern, with the addition of MoS2 nanotubes not having any significant effect on the coefficient of friction under the investigated contact conditions. This was additionally with better oil spreadability and oil retention capacity results of crosshatch textured surface. Furthermore, texturing reduced wear of the stainless steel surfaces but led to approximately one order of magnitude larger wear rate of the steel counter-body, primarily due to the presence of hard bulges around the textured patterns. Overall, the crosshatch pattern showed better oil retention capacity and lower friction in combination with different vegetable oils, thus making it a promising choice for improving tribological performance in various environmentally friendly applications.
Brecha de género en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas mediadas por TIC
Authors: De La Cruz De Paula Brunilda Altagracia
Published: July 2023

El uso de la tecnología en la actualidad se ha convertido en una herramienta eficaz para la enseñanza de las matemáticas ya que conecta los aprendizajes matemáticos de forma atractiva y dinámica, dejando a un lado los esquemas tradicionales. Los estereotipos de género a través de la historia de la humanidad han señalado discrepancia de roles, atributos de personalidad y de funciones. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si existen  diferencias de géneros en el uso de la tecnología en el aula en la enseñanza de las matemáticas, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionarios a 202 profesores. Hemos determinado que  los estereotipos de géneros  con relación al uso de la tecnología en la enseñanza de las matemáticas se  están homogenizado a pesar de que venimos de una cultura en que los hombres usan más tecnologías que las mujeres, y de acuerdo a los hallazgos encontrado expresamos que en el uso de la tecnología para el aprendizaje de las matemáticas es un factor que no establece diferencias entre género. En el desarrollo de la investigación llevada a cabo se ha utilizado un diseño no experimental y descriptivo.
REGULATING THE CONVERSION OF CONVENTIONAL BANKS TO ISLAMIC: THE 4 QUADRANTS CONVERSION (4-QC) FRAMEWORK
Authors: Sani Suleiman , Sharofiddin Ashurov , Mustapha Abubakar
Published: July 2023

This research paper proposes the conversion of conventional banks to full-fledged Islamic banks as a catalytic approach to propelling the Islamic finance industry to Islamic Finance 2.0. The paper identifies a gap in literature regarding a regulatory framework for Central Banks to regulate the conversion of conventional banks into Islamic banks. The objective of this paper is to propose a model regulatory framework, the "4-Quadrants Conversion Framework (4-FQF)," to aid Central Banks in regulating this conversion process. The 4-FQF consists of twenty-four components classified into four quadrants, and regulators can systematically and comprehensively regulate the conversion by focusing on these twenty-four components. The proposed conversion involves leaving all Shari’ah non-compliant activities and embracing Shari’ah permissible alternatives. Prior studies have discussed different aspects of conversion, and this paper contributes to the literature by proposing a regulatory framework for Central Banks to regulate the conversion process. The successful conversion of conventional banks to Islamic banks will result in a new Shari’ah compliant entity and eliminate a non-compliant one. The proposed regulatory framework can also serve as a guide for banks to self-assess and ensure a timely and less cumbersome conversion.
GREEN CENTRAL BANKING: A NEW ROLE FOR THE CENTRAL BANKS IN THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Tekdogan Omer Faruk
Published: July 2023

The financial sector has a key role to play in the transition to a more sustainable and low-carbon economy. Being major actors in the financial system, central banks can exert influence to encourage the adoption of green finance and reduce risks associated with climate change. A novel idea called "green central banking" aims to give central banks' operations, regulations, and goals more sustainability-related thought. This study explores the concept of "green central banking," which is just starting to gain traction, as well as potential central bank responsibilities and tasks in the field of sustainable finance. This study also emphasizes the difficulties and dangers of implementing green central banking, including the possible conflicts between financial stability and environmental goals. Also, the article provides a comparative examination of the methods used by central banks as it looks at the state of green central banking in various parts of the world. Ultimately, this study promotes central banks to take a proactive stance in the transition to a greener and more resilient financial system and believes that green central banking can be a critical tool for accomplishing sustainable development goals.
CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY (CBDC): A SENTIMENT ANALYSIS AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: As-Salafiyah Aisyah , Rusydiana Aam Slamet , Ihsanul Ikhwan
Published: July 2023

Bank Indonesia plans to issue a digital rupiah in the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) development project, the official digital currency issued by the central bank. This study aims to review the perceptions of the scientific literature regarding the CBDC theme from a legal perspective. Its nature is still new and has not been widely implemented by various countries worldwide, making this theme interesting for further study. This study uses a qualitative method with a sentiment analysis approach. The research object is 50 papers published by Scopus-indexed journals until December 12, 2022. The data is then processed using the SentiStrength software, which can be used in conducting sentiment analysis. CBDC is an innovation that is currently being developed by various countries in the world. The results of this study indicate differences in sentiment trends from various pieces of literature, where of the five classifications of sentiment, sentiment showing high positive and high negative amounts to 0%. The positive sentiment is 30%, the negative sentiment is 26%, and the neutral sentiment is 44%. This finding indicates that the dominant sentiment is neutral, where positive and negative levels are equal, followed by positive sentiment and then negative sentiment. The results of this sentiment analysis are an overview that can serve as basic research for regulators, practitioners and academics as valuable insights that can help provide an understanding of the scientific literature's perception of CBDC so that it can be considered in decision making. This research is the first study to conduct sentiment analysis on the scientific literature on the CBDC theme.
GREEN BONDS IN INDONESIA: SYNERGY BETWEEN BANK INDONESIA AND OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN’S COMMITMENT
Authors: Davey Orima , Ria Wierma Putri  , Tristiyanto  , Yunita Maya Putri  , Febryani Sabatira
Published: July 2023

Climate change's impact on environmental quality has always been an interesting topic on the international platform, especially for developing countries. As a form of prevention and preparation, the World Bank green bonds by the World Bank have supported developing countries in participating in resilience to climate change. This article uses normative legal analysis with secondary data resources from books and other relevant scientific publications. The study result shows that the World Bank provided numerous recommendations and guidance for developing countries in implementing green bonds in their national regulations. Indonesia is one of the countries that applied green bonds through Bank Indonesia and Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Bank Indonesia and OJK are now focusing on developing a Sustainable Finance Instrument (SFI) to stimulate the growth of a green and sustainable economy. A collaboration between the government and the authorities is essential to continuously build and preserve SFI in the market in the long term.
UPAYA GURU DALAM PENANAMAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU SOPAN SANTUN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN IPS TERPADU
Authors: Nanda Sudarsono Lutfiyana , Humaisi M. Syafiq
Published: July 2023

Sikap dan perilaku sebagai cara berfikir setiap individu yang dapat diwujudkan dalam sebuah tindakan yang nyata. Namun kurangnya sikap dan perilaku sopan santun siswa kepada guru dan teman sebayanya di lingkungan sekolah menjadi persoalan yang akan berdampak pada siswa. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya upaya guru dalam penanaman sikap dan perilaku sopan santun melalui pembelajaran IPS Terpadu terutama pada siswa kelas VII B di SMPN 1 Sambit Ponorogo. Tujuan pada penelitian (1) untuk mendeskripsikan upaya guru dalam penanaman sikap dan perilaku sopan santun melalui pembelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VII B di SMPN 1 Sambit Ponorogo tahun ajaran 2021/2022, (2) untuk mendeskripsikan faktor pendukung dan penghambat guru dalam penanaman sikap dan perilaku sopan santun melalui pembelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VII B di SMPN 1 Sambit Ponorogo tahun ajaran 2021/2022, (3) untuk menganalisis dampak penanaman sikap dan perilaku sopan santun melalui pembelajaran IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VII B di SMPN 1 Sambit Ponorogo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan analisis Miles, Huberman dan Saldana yaitu pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) upaya guru dalam penanaman sikap  dan perilaku sopan santun dilakukan melalui keteladanan guru, penyampaian nilai-nilai sosial atau sopan santun melalui materi pembelajaran yaitu materi interaksi sosial, penerapan program 5 S, dan pembiasaan sholat dhuha, (2) faktor pendukung dan penghambat begi guru adalah lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan pergaulan/teman sebaya, dan lingkungan sekolah, (3) dampak penanaman sikap dan perilaku sopan santun terlihat dari adanya perubahan sikap dan perilaku menjadi lebih baik, bentuk pelanggaran sopan santun semakin berkurang, dan adanya rasa saling menghargai dan menghormati siswa kepada guru maupun teman sebayanya.
Pembentukan karakter Tradisi Gre GREBEG BESAR SEBAGAI PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER PADA PESERTA DIDIK SMP/ MTS KELAS VII SMP N 2 KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Mohammad Moksin Zulia Kharissatul Zumna
Published: July 2023

Jenis penelitian ini disebut penelitian lapangan. Penelitian pengumpulan data cukup mudah , terutama dalam hal pengumpulan data dan berbagi data. Subyek penelitian ini adalah “ Tradis Grebeg Besar Masyarakat Kabupaten Demak. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Grebeg Besar merupakan tradisi keagamaan masyarakat Kabupaten Demak untuk menyambut hari raya Idul Fitri setiap 10 tahun Jur Higgjah. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Grebeg Besar adalah ritual kuno yang memiliki kepentingan seremonial yang signifikan, karena penduduk Demak dan daerah sekitarnya secara bertahap mengabaikan signifikansinya. Upacara dianggap sebagai praktik yang sakral. Untuk melakukan penelitian ini, metode pengumpulan data seperti observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi akan digunakan. Hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan realisasi tradisi Grebeg -Besar dan berkaitan dengan budaya, religi, kepemimpinan , gotong royong , estetika , dan ekonomi. Makna simbolik tradisi Grebeg Besar merupakan sarana penghormatan dan simbol persatuan komunal dalam budaya. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar IPS berbasis kearifan masyarakat untuk pembentukan karakter yang diterapkan di SMP / MTS.
WITHDRAWN: Multiobjective Routing Protocol Design in WBAN Using Optimized Fuzzy Clustering and Hybrid Deep Learning for Optimal Path Selection
Authors: MOHANTY RASMITA KUMARI , Sahoo Satya Prakash , Kabat Manas Ranjan
Published: July 2023

Real-time monitoring of patients' health conditions is now possible because to wireless body area networks (WBANs). In WBANs, nodes are placed inside, on, or around the human body to collect a range of physiological data, such as body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. The routing of data packets in WBANs, however, confronts a number of difficulties because of the dynamic nature of the body, including limited power, interference, and movement. Data packet routing can be made more efficient by using a multiobjective routing protocol architecture to handle these problems. In this research work, WBAN's multiobjective routing protocol architecture is made possible by two phases as clustering and optimal path selection.To group nodes based on several objectives, such as energy consumption, transmission delay, and network longevity, the proposed multiobjective routing protocol design in WBAN uses an optimised Fuzzy C-means clustering method. The membership function in Fuzzy C-means clustering is determined using a novel hybrid optimization model HBWBF that combines the Black Widow Optimization (BWO) and the Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA). The hybrid deep learning approach for determining the optimal path between clusters combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs).The proposed model is implemented in MATLAB. To validate the efficiency of the proposed model, a comparative evaluation is performed.
Comprehensive detection and dissection of interlineage recombination events in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Li Jia-Ying , Zhou Hang-Yu , Cheng Ye-Xiao , Ji Chengyang , Weng Shenghui , Han Na , Yang Rong , Aiping Wu
Published: July 2023

The emergence and spread of the XBB lineage, a recombinant of SARS-CoV-2 omicron sublineages, has recently raised great concern for viral recombination globally. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, several recombination detection methods have been developed, and some interlineage recombinants have been reported. However, a comprehensive landscape for SARS-CoV-2 recombinants globally and their evolutionary mechanisms is still lacking. Here, we developed a lightweight method called CovRecomb based on lineage-specific feature mutations to detect and dissect interlineage SARS-CoV-2 recombinants quickly and precisely. By assessing over 14.5 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes, 135,567 putative recombinants were identified from 1,451 independent recombination events, 208 of which showed across-country, continental or global transmission. More than half of the manually curated recombinants could be systematically and automatically identified. Recombination breakpoints were distributed throughout the SARS-CoV-2 genome, while hotspots were inferred in six regions, especially in the second halves of the N-terminal domain and receptor-binding domain of spike genome. Epidemiological analyses revealed that recombination events occurred extensively among different SARS-CoV-2 (sub)lineages and were independent of the prevalence frequency of lineages.
In situ concrete sewer performance: comparison of Portland cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and calcium aluminate cement
Authors: Bakera Alice Titus , Alexander Mark G
Published: July 2023

This paper provides a better understanding of the performance of calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) in comparison with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and Portland-limestone cement, CEM II A/L 52.5 N (CEM II) in live sewer environments. Three concrete mixes using these binders, with 0.34 w/b, siliceous pit sand, and dolomite aggregates, were prepared for two years of exposure in two sewer sites. During exposure, monitoring through visual observation, concrete surface pH, mass and thickness change was conducted regularly to observe the deterioration. At the end of exposure, microstructural analysis, i.e., Scanning Electron Microscopy, Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN) and XRD analyses, were conducted to elucidate the deterioration mechanisms further. Regardless of sewer exposure conditions, the monitoring results indicated that CAC concrete had superior performance, followed by CSA, then CEM II. However, corrosion rates were accelerated when a sewer had hydraulic actions and high H2S gas concentrations (max.>300 ppm). CSA outperformed CEM II due to the presence of ettringite, while ettringite superposition in the transition zone reduced CSA performance compared to CAC concrete. Binder performances wereprimarily related to their chemistry, mineralogy, and interaction with aggregates.This paper provides a better understanding of the performance of calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) in comparison with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and Portland-limestone cement, CEM II A/L 52.5 N (CEM II) in live sewer environments. Three concrete mixes using these binders, with 0.34 w/b, siliceous pit sand, and dolomite aggregates, were prepared for two years of exposure in two sewer sites. During exposure, monitoring through visual observation, concrete surface pH, mass and thickness change was conducted regularly to observe the deterioration. At the end of exposure, microstructural analysis, i.e., Scanning Electron Microscopy, Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN) and XRD analyses, were conducted to elucidate the deterioration mechanisms further. Regardless of sewer exposure conditions, the monitoring results indicated that CAC concrete had superior performance, followed by CSA, then CEM II. However, corrosion rates were accelerated when a sewer had hydraulic actions and high H2S gas concentrations (max.>300 ppm). CSA outperformed CEM II due to the presence of ettringite, while ettringite superposition in the transition zone reduced CSA performance compared to CAC concrete. Binder performances wereprimarily related to their chemistry, mineralogy, and interaction with aggregates.
Study on pollination mechanism of Codonopsis pilosula in Gansu
Authors: SHI Shaoming , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Fan , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Zhiqi , Yang Lujie , Liu Huilin , Shi Pengxia , Zhang Hui
Published: July 2023

Codonopsis pilosula, a renowned traditional Chinese herbal medicine indigenous to the northwest region of China, was investigated to determine its pollination mechanism. Two Gansu cultivars were utilized to conduct a field pollination experiment, wherein pollen viability and stigma acceptability were assessed, and the single flower cycle was observed. The findings confirmed the existence of dichogamy and Secondary Pollen Presentation in Codonopsis pilosula. Furthermore, Transcriptome sequencing analysis was conducted, revealing the presence of the S-RNase and SLF-controlled S-RNase self-incompatibility systems.
Geospatial Analysis of Land Use Change and Wetland Dynamics in Kaduna Metropolis, Kaduna - Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Muhammad Abubakar , Abdussalam Auwal Farouk
Published: July 2023

Wetlands are among the most precious ecosystems in the world, sensitive to changes in land use, affecting their distribution, health, quality, functions and provisioning services they provide. This study assessed how land use change and socio-economic activities are driving wetland conversions in Kaduna Metropolis from 1986 to 2020. Landsat images (189/053) and SRTM DEM were obtained from USGS. These images were processed using ERDAS Imagine 2014 and the study area was extracted using mask tool. Decision-tree classification was used to identify and map the wetlands in the study area, and indices-based classification using eCognition 9.0 was used to carry out the land use land cover change detection. Result of the analysis showed an overall accuracy of 94% (0.93 Kappa) for 1986 classification, and 90% (0.88 Kappa) for the 2020 classification. The study revealed that only the built-up areas increased from 72.47 km2 to 239.88 km2, riparian vegetation reduced from 88.39 km2 to 70.96 km2, open water bodies reduced from 6.67 km2 to 4.89 km2, agricultural land also reduced from 424.80 km2 to 356.99 km2, bare land reduced from 169.22 km2 to 101.21 km2 and undisturbed vegetation also reduced from 150.39 km2 to 138.56 km2. The study concluded that settlement expansion as the primary driver of wetland changes in Kaduna metropolis. The study therefore recommends creation of buffer zones around the wetlands in order to prevent further encroachment.
Analysis of the success rate of conversion using ibutilide administration in radiofrequency catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation and its effects on postoperative recurrence
Authors: Li Meijuan , Liu Xiping , Zhang Yan , Huang Weibin , Hou Bingbo , Huang Sen , Gao Feng
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy of ibutilide administration during radiofrequency catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), to explore the success rate of conversion and related influential factors, and to analyze the effects of ibutilide on postoperative recurrence.
METHODS
A total of 192 patients with persistent AF who underwent catheter ablation from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. These patients failed in conversion of AF to normal sinus rhythm by intraoperative catheter ablation. Patients were assigned into effective ibutilide (115 patients) and ineffective ibutilide (77 patients) groups.
RESULTS
The overall success rate of conversion using ibutilide administration was 59.9%. The success rate was associated with the duration of AF (P = 0.008), diameter of left atrium (LAD) (P = 0.002), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level (P = 0.030). The results showed the duration of AF was associated with early recurrence, while early recurrence was not a risk factor for late recurrence. And duration of AF was associated with postoperative maintenance time of normal sinus rhythm, whereas successful conversion into normal sinus rhythm using ibutilide administration had no influence on postoperative maintenance time of normal sinus rhythm.
CONCLUSION
Ibutilide showed to be effective in catheter ablation of AF, the success rate of conversion was correlated with the duration of AF, LA diameter, and NT-proBNP level. Besides, the duration of AF was found as a risk factor for early postoperative recurrence, while ibutilide administration for successful conversion had no influence on predicting postoperative recurrence and had no influence on postoperative maintenance time of sinus rhythm.
Numerical implementation of the Marinov path integral approach to phase space quantum mechanics
Authors: Welland Ian , Reinecke Thomas Leonard
Published: July 2023

We develop a new algorithm for efficiently solving the Wigner equation utilizing a path integral approach. This method is similar to classical path integral methods used in transport, radiation transfer, and molecular dynamics. This results in a simulation scheme that is favorable to parallelization, intuitive, and efficient in its utilization of memory resources. We compare the results of this method with those of a Schrodinger solver for two representative test systems, namely a Gaussian wavepacket incident on a Gaussian barrier, and a system prepared in a harmonic oscillator ground state subjected to an external perturbation.
Behavioral responses of wild chimpanzees toward a juvenile that suddenly lost its animacy due to a fall accident
Authors: Shimada Masaki , Yano Wataru
Published: July 2023

Detailed observations of animal reactions to a collapsed individual in wild are rare but essential to debates about the perception of death by nonhuman animals, including chimpanzees. A male juvenile chimpanzee named Volta (VO), a member of the M group in the Mahale Mountains National Park, fell from a tall tree and was temporarily incapacitated, suffering a severe concussion and nasal bone fracture. However, VO showed signs of gradual recovery. We compared the behavior of other chimpanzees towards VO with the previous reports on the behavior towards collapsed or recently dead group members. We found that behaviors towards VO were similar to those observed towards collapsed or dead members. These included other-regarding behaviors and aggressive behaviors, and notably, licking of VO’s blood, which has not been previously reported. Adult males tended to be in close proximity to VO for longer periods than adult females. The social situation with adult males including alpha male, surrounding VO likely influenced the behavior of other individuals. Chimpanzees demonstrated the ability to infer the state of recovery of the injured individual, by closely approaching, directing various behaviors, and observing the reactions of the victim, and demonstrate tolerance and consideration towards the victim.