bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of electromagnetic field exposure in bedrooms of residences in lower Austria
Authors: Tomitsch Johannes , Dechant Engelbert , Frank Wilhelm
Published: September 2009

Previous investigations of exposure to electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields (EMF) in households were either about electricity supply EMFs or radio frequency EMFs (RF‐EMFs). We report results from spot measurements at the bedside that comprise electrostatic fields, extremely low‐frequency electric fields (ELF‐EFs), extremely low‐frequency magnetic fields (ELF‐MFs), and RF‐EMFs. Measurements were taken in 226 households throughout Lower Austria. In addition, effects of simple reduction measures (e.g., removal of clock radios or increasing their distance from the bed, turning off Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication (DECT) telephone base stations) were assessed. All measurements were well below International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guideline levels. Average night‐time ELF‐MFs (long‐term measurement from 10 pm to 6 am, geometric mean over households) above 100 nT were obtained in 2.3%, and RF‐EMFs above 1000 µW/m2 in 7.1% of households. Highest ELF‐EFs were primarily due to lamps beside the bed (max = 166 V/m), and highest ELF‐MFs because of transformers of devices (max = 1030 nT) or high current of power lines (max = 380 nT). The highest values of RF‐EMFs were caused by DECT telephone base stations (max = 28979 µW/m2) and mobile phone base stations (max = 4872 µW/m2). Simple reduction measures resulted in an average decrease of 23 nT for ELF‐MFs, 23 V/m for ELF‐EFs, and 246 µW/m2 for RF‐EMFs. A small but statistically significant correlation between ELF‐MF exposure and overall RF‐EMF levels of R = 0.16 (P = 0.008) was computed that was independent of type (flat, single family) and location (urban, rural) of houses. Bioelectromagnetics 31:200–208, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Chemists' Style of Thinking
Authors: Bensaude‐Vincent Bernadette
Published: September 2009

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse.

The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.
Small‐molecule reductants inhibit multicatalytic activity of AA‐NADase from Agkistrodon acutus venom by reducing the disulfide‐bonds and Cu(II) of enzyme
Authors: Zhang Li‐Yun , Xu Xiao‐Long , Luo Zhao‐Feng , Wu Hao , Shen Deng‐Ke , Peng Li‐Li , Liu Yang‐Zhong
Published: September 2009

AA‐NADase from Agkistrodon acutus venom is a unique multicatalytic enzyme with both NADase and AT(D)Pase activities. Among all identified NADases, only AA‐NADase contains Cu(II) and has disulfide‐bond linkages between two peptide chains. The effects of the reduction of the disulfide‐bonds and Cu(II) in AA‐NADase by small‐molecule reductants on its NADase and ADPase activities have been investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatography, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. The results show that AA‐NADase has six disulfide‐bonds and fifteen free cysteine residues. L‐ascorbate inhibits AA‐NADase on both NADase and ADPase activities through the reduction of Cu(II) in AA‐NADase to Cu(I), while other reductants, dithiothreitol, glutathione and tris(2‐carboxyethyl)phosphine inhibit both NADase and ADPase activities through the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) and the cleavage of disulfide‐bonds in AA‐NADase. Apo‐AA‐NADase can recover its NADase and ADPase activities in the presence of 1 mM Zn(II). However, apo‐AA‐NADase does not recover any NADase or ADPase activity in the presence of 1 mM Zn(II) and 2 mM TCEP. The multicatalytic activity relies on both disulfide‐bonds and Cu(II), while Cu(I) can not activate the enzyme activities. AA‐NADase is probably only active as a dimer. The inhibition curves for both ADPase and NADase activities by each reductant share a similar trend, suggesting both ADPase and NADase activities probably occur at the same site. In addition, we also find that glutathione and L‐ascorbate are endogenous inhibitors to the multicatalytic activity of AA‐NADase. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 141–149, 2010.

This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Noneconomic goals of investors
Authors: Iyer Easwar S. , Kashyap Rajiv K.
Published: September 2009

This study adopts a consumer perspective and explores investors' noneconomic goals. This approach shifts the focus from the investment vehicle and its performance to the investor and her/his investing goals. We explore the influence of religiosity, environmental attitude, materialism, collectivism, risk tolerance, and social investing efficacy on investors' noneconomic goals. We find that social investing efficacy mediates the relationships between the aforementioned variables and noneconomic goals. Implications for managerial practice are discussed.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Burning and cutting: Identifying the traits of individuals with an enduring propensity to tan and to undergo cosmetic surgery
Authors: Mowen John C. , Longoria Adelina , Sallee Amy
Published: September 2009

The research investigated the trait predictors of the propensity to use two beautification procedures that have the potential to harm health – the propensities to tan and to obtain cosmetic surgery. The results of a survey of 231 adult consumers revealed that a different combination of hierarchically arranged traits was predictive of the two procedures. These results suggest that different strategies are required in order to market or demarket tanning and plastic surgery. The research also made methodological contributions by revealing that two forms of vanity identified in the literature – physical view vanity and physical concern vanity – represent two different constructs rather than two dimensions of an underlying construct.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure and Replication of yDNA: A Novel Genetic Set Widened by Benzo‐Homologation
Authors: Lu Haige , Lynch Stephen R. , Lee Alex H. F. , Kool Eric T.
Published: September 2009

In a functioning genetic system, the information‐encoding molecule must form a regular self‐complementary complex (for example, the base‐paired double helix of DNA) and it must be able to encode information and pass it on to new generations. Here we study a benzo‐widened DNA‐like molecule (yDNA) as a candidate for an alternative genetic set, and we explicitly test these two structural and functional requirements. The solution structure of a 10 bp yDNA duplex is measured by using 2D‐NMR methods for a simple sequence composed of T–yA/yA–T pairs. The data confirm an antiparallel, right‐handed, hydrogen‐bonded helix resembling B‐DNA but with a wider diameter and enlarged base‐pair size. In addition to this, the abilities of two different polymerase enzymes (Klenow fragment of DNA pol I (Kf) and the repair enzyme Dpo4) to synthesize and extend the yDNA pairs T–yA, A–yT, and G–yC are measured by steady‐state kinetics studies. Not surprisingly, insertion of complementary bases opposite yDNA bases is inefficient due to the larger base‐pair size. We find that correct pairing occurs in several cases by both enzymes, but that common and relatively efficient mispairing involving T–yT and T–yC pairs interferes with fully correct formation and extension of pairs by these polymerases. Interestingly, the data show that extension of the large pairs is considerably more efficient with the flexible repair enzyme (Dpo4) than with the more rigid Kf enzyme. The results shed light on the properties of yDNA as a candidate for an alternative genetic information‐encoding molecule and as a tool for application in basic science and biomedicine.
Recorded incidents in a high‐secure hospital: A descriptive analysis
Authors: Uppal Gobinderjit , McMurran Mary
Published: September 2009

Background Incidents of violence, self‐harm and security are of concern in psychiatric hospitals with regard to both patient and staff welfare.

Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and nature of incidents in all directorates in a high‐security psychiatric hospital.

Methods Data were collected from the hospital's incident recording forms for the period 1 June 2007 to 30 September 2008.

Results In total, 5658 incidents were recorded, almost all patients (95%) having been involved in at least one incident. Most incidents, however, were in the categories of less serious violence and self‐harm. The rate was 0.89 incidents per patient per month. The women's directorate had a significantly higher frequency of violent or self‐harm incidents than the other directorates (male mental health, learning disability, personality disorder or dangerous and severe personality disorder). Violence was almost equally against fellow patients or staff. It was commonest in communal areas during day‐time hours. Self‐harm was most likely in a patient's own room.

Conclusions and implications for practice These findings can inform prevention and management of violence and self‐harm. Dealing with such a large number of incidents is time consuming, even if they are not especially serious. Attention to environmental, as well as individual, issues is recommended. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcatheter closure of postsurgical residual ventricular septal defects: Early and mid‐term results
Authors: Dua Jaspal S , Carminati Mario , Lucente Mariella , Piazza Luciane , Chessa Massimo , Negura Diana , Bussadori Claudio , Saliba Zakhia , Butera Gianfranco
Published: September 2009

Background: The incidence of residual ventricular septal defects (VSDs) after surgery is 5–25%. Redo surgery is associated with higher risks. Methods: Between January 2000 to December 2008, 170 patients underwent percutaneous VSD closure in our centre: 22(16M) of these had 23 closures for residual VSDs. Median age was 32.5 yrs (1.4–79). All patients had echocardiographic signs of left ventricle volume overload (Qp/Qs ≥ 1.5). Nine patients had previous VSD closure, 6 tetralogy of Fallot repair, and 7, other procedures. There were 15 muscular, 6 perimembranous and 2 apical VSDs. Results: Amplatzer VSD devices were used in all. Median VSD size was 8 mm (4.3–16). Median fluoroscopy time was 33 minutes (15–130). There were three adverse events: 1 ventricular fibrillation requiring DC cardioversion; 1 transient complete atrio‐ventricular block reverting to sinus rhythm at 24‐hours; one patient had transient atrial flutter during the procedure. All procedures were successful; no additional procedures were required. Trivial residual shunts were seen in 3 patients at follow‐up. There were no late events. One patient experienced arrhythmic death 5‐yrs after procedure. One patient was reoperated due to dehiscence of VSD patch 2‐yrs after the second successful percutaneous closure. Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of postsurgical residual VSD is safe and efficacious management option and obviates the need for further surgery and by‐pass. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adverse event rates in congenital cardiac catheterization — A multi‐center experience
Authors: Bergersen Lisa , Marshall Audrey , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Beekman Robert , Hirsch Russel , Foerster Susan , Balzer David , Vincent Julie , Hellenbrand William , Holzer Ralf , Cheatham John , Moore John , Lock James , Jenkins Kathy
Published: September 2009

Objectives: To describe case mix variation among institutions, and report adverse event rates in congenital cardiac catheterization by case type. Background: Reported adverse event rates for patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization vary considerably, due to non‐comparable standards of data inclusion, and highly variable case mix. Methods: The Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Outcomes Project (C3PO) has been capturing case characteristics and adverse events (AE) for all cardiac catheterizations performed at six pediatric institutions. Validity and completeness of data were independently audited. Results: Between 2/1/07 and 4/30/08, 3855 cases (670 biopsy, 1037 diagnostic, and 2148 interventional) were recorded, median number of cases per site 480 (308 to 1526). General anesthesia was used in 70% of cases (28 to 99%), and 22% of cases (15 to 26%) were non‐electively or emergently performed. Three institutions performed a higher proportion of interventions during a case, 72 to 77% compared to 56 to 58%. The median rate of AE reported per institution was 16%, ranging from 5 to 18%. For interventional cases the median rate of AE reported per institution was 19% (7 to 25%) compared to 10% for diagnostic cases (6 to 16%). The incidence of AE was significantly higher for interventional compared to diagnostic cases (20% vs 10%, p<0.001), as was the incidence of higher severity AE (9% vs 5%, p<0.001). Adverse events in biopsy cases were uncommon. Conclusions: In this multi‐institutional cohort, the incidence of AE is higher among interventional compared to diagnostic cases, and is very low among biopsy cases. Equitable comparisons among institutions will require the development and application of risk adjustment methods.
A further word of caution before using the internal mammary artery for coronary revascularization in patients with severe peripheral vascular disease!
Authors: Ben‐Dor Itsik , Waksman Ron , Satler Lowell F. , Bernardo Nelson , Torguson Rebecca , Li Yanlin , Gonzalez Manuel A. , Maluenda Gabriel , Weissman Gaby , Hanna Nicholas N. , Monath Alan , Gallino Robert , Lindsay Joseph , Kent Kenneth M. , Pichard Augusto D.
Published: September 2009

Objectives: To characterize the clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with collateralization from the internal mammary artery to the iliac artery. Background: The use of the internal mammary arteries for coronary revascularization has become the standard of care in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, in patients with aortoiliac disease, the internal mammary arteries may become a major collateral route to the lower extremities. Methods: A case series of 15 patients admitted for diagnostic coronary angiography were retrospectively identified, who were observed to have collateral flow from one or both internal mammary artery(ies) to an occluded or stenotic iliac artery. Results: The mean age was 63.2 ± 11.2 years; eight were men (53.3%). Coronary angiography was done as a perioperative evaluation for peripheral vascular surgery in three patients (20%) and was done because of cardiac symptoms or a positive thallium scan in 12 (80%). The finding that the mammary artery collateralized the iliac artery led to major treatment changes in all patients, seven (46.6%) who required CABG. In five patients (33%), use of one or both internal mammary artery(ies) for coronary grafts was avoided. CABG was deferred in one patient, whereas in another, percutaneous intervention in both iliac arteries preceded CABG using both mammary arteries. There was no incidence of postoperative acute lower extremity ischemia. Conclusions: Selective angiographic visualization of the internal mammary artery is an essential part of the preoperative evaluation in patients with severe peripheral vascular disease undergoing CABG. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Advantage of next‐generation frequency‐domain optical coherence tomography compared with conventional time‐domain system in the assessment of coronary lesion
Authors: Takarada Shigeho , Imanishi Toshio , Liu Yong , Ikejima Hideyuki , Tsujioka Hiroto , Kuroi Akio , Ishibashi Kohei , Komukai Kenichi , Tanimoto Takashi , Ino Yasushi , Kitabata Hironori , Kubo Takashi , Nakamura Nobuo , Hirata Kumiko , Tanaka Atsushi , Mizukoshi Masato , Akasaka Takashi
Published: September 2009

Background: Intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high‐resolution imaging modality used for evaluation of coronary lesion morphology. However, current time‐domain OCT (TD‐OCT) have a number of limitations with regard to both procedural usage and safety in the clinical setting. The next‐generation frequency‐domain OCT (FD‐OCT), which has a much faster frame rate and pullback speed than TD‐OCT, is expected to overcome these limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and usability of next generation FD‐OCT in the assessment of coronary lesions. Methods: A comparison study was performed between FD‐OCT and TD‐OCT from the aspect of usability (set‐up time), qualitatively (rate of clear image segment), and safety (adverse event) in 14 ischemic heart disease patients with 20 previously implanted coronary stents. Results: The mean time of the OCT procedure in this study from setup to completion of image acquisition was 3.2 ± 0.8 min for FD‐OCT and 11.2 ± 2.5 min for TD‐OCT (P < 0.01). In qualitative image assessment, FD‐OCT has the potential to yield a higher rate of clear image segments (CIS) than TD‐OCT (99.4% vs. 80.8%, respectively; P < 0.01). In addition to these improved characteristics, there were no ischemic ECG changes or arrhythmia associated with FD‐OCT. Conclusions: The next‐generation intracoronary FD‐OCT has better performance in the clinical setting and the potential to overcome several limitations of conventional TD‐OCT systems. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preclinical evaluation of a new self‐expanding device for closure of muscular ventricular septal defects in a pig model
Authors: Lang Nora , Schmitz Christoph , Lehner Anja , Fuchs Franziska , Heath Alexandra , Freudenthal Franz , Wintersperger Bernd J. , Huber Armin M. , Thein Eckart , Netz Heinrich , Kozlik‐Feldmann Rainer
Published: September 2009

Objectives:

Aim of our study was the preclinical evaluation of a new self expanding device for interventional closure of muscular ventricular septal defects (mVSDs) in an acute pig model.

Background:

Devices currently in use for closure of mVSDs still have their limitations. The deployment of the disks is dependent from the expansion of the stent, which can be associated with problems for sufficient closure of the mVSDs. This was the reason for developing a modified device with only one disk

Materials and Methods:

The device was constructed in a single wire technique with a unique configured retention disk. mVSDs were created in six pigs with a specially designed punch instrument, and subsequently closed with our new device during the same session using a jugular or femoral vein approach. Potential residual shunting volumes were estimated by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. After closure, animals were sacrificed, and hearts were harvested for macropathologic evaluation. In two animals, MRI was performed for additional noninvasive evaluation.

Results:

Devices were successfully implanted in all animals with good alignment of the disk to the left ventricular septum, even if the stent was oversized. Echocardiography, hemodynamics, angiography and macropathology revealed complete closure of all mVSDs. MRI and echocardiography showed a good visibility of the device.

Conclusions:

Our preclinical study shows successful closure of iatrogenic created mVSDs without residual shunting. The device is characterized by a more controlled deployment, an independent deployment of disk and waist, and a good alignment of the left ventricular disk to the muscular septum. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical Study on the Role of Surface Basicity and Lewis Acidity on the Etherification of Glycerol over Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides
Authors: Calatayud Monica , Ruppert Agnieszka M. , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: September 2009

Alkaline earth metal oxides (MO) are catalytically active in the etherification of glycerol. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have been used to examine the reactivity of glycerol with MO surfaces with M=Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba. More specifically, the optimum glycerol adsorption mode and the strength of glycerol interaction with regular MO (001) surfaces and a stepped CaO surface have been investigated and involves the interaction with acid–base surface sites. The basicity of lattice oxygen atoms is correlated with the adsorption energy: BaO (−3.02 eV) > SrO (−2.85 eV) > CaO (−2.05 eV) > MgO (−1.35 eV). The interactions have an exothermic character, that is, the more basic the alkaline earth metal oxide, the more exothermic is the adsorption process and the higher the dissociation extent. Thus, the dissociation of glycerol increases in the order: MgO (not dissociated) < CaO (partially dissociated < SrO (partially dissociated) < BaO (completely dissociated). The presence of defects is found to play a key role in the mechanism: glycerol interaction with a stepped CaO surface presents the highest adsorption energy (−3.78 eV), and the molecule is found to dissociate at the step. The calculated structural parameters are found to be in good agreement with experimental data on catalyst reactivity. Moreover, the earlier postulated reaction mechanism, which also involves the additional involvement of Lewis acid sites proved to be feasible for CaO and SrO regular surfaces, and for the stepped CaO surface. It was found that for these oxides one of the most favored adsorption modes involves a non‐dissociative adsorption of one hydroxyl group of glycerol, which as a result becomes a better leaving group. Therefore, theoretical evidence was found for the possible direct involvement of Lewis acid sites in the catalytic etherification of bio‐derived alcohols, such as glycerol, as it is anticipated that these observations can be extended to sugar alcohols as well.
Polyketide Building Blocks via Diastereoselective Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions with Homoallylic Alcohols and Monoprotected Homoallylic Diols
Authors: Lohse‐Fraefel Nina , Carreira Erick M.
Published: September 2009

A modular approach to Δ2‐isoxazolines, latent aldol adducts and polyketide building blocks, is reported. The magnesium‐mediated, hydroxyl‐directed method allows for the diastereoselective access to a wide variety of masked β‐hydroxy ketones, starting from readily available aliphatic and aromatic oximes, homoallylic alcohols and monoprotected homoallylic diols. The utility of the prepared Δ2‐isoxazolines as polyketide building blocks is demonstrated by their ready conversion into the corresponding β‐hydroxy ketones. The anti‐diastereoselectivity of the reaction was established by derivatization, NOE studies and comparison of known compounds. A rationale for the observed diastereoselectivity is proposed.
Oxidative Addition Reactions of Element–Hydrogen Bonds with Different Polarities to a Gallium(I) Compound
Authors: Seifert Annekathrin , Scheid Dominik , Linti Gerald , Zessin Thomas
Published: September 2009

The gallium(I) derivative [Ga({N(dipp)CMe}2CH)] (1; dipp=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl) undergoes facile oxidative addition reactions with various element–hydrogen bonds including NH, PH, OH, SnH, and HH bonds. This was demonstrated by its reaction with triphenyltin hydride, ethanol, water, diethylamine, diphenylphosphane, and dihydrogen. All products were characterized by means of single‐crystal X‐ray structure determination, NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.
Synthesis of Early‐Transition‐Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles through the Urea Route and Their Use as Alkylation Catalysts
Authors: Yao Weitang , Makowski Philippe , Giordano Cristina , Goettmann Frédéric
Published: September 2009

The use of urea as either a carbon or a nitrogen source enabled the synthesis of various early‐transition‐metal nitride and carbide nanoparticles (TiN, NbN, Mo2N, W2N, NbCxN1−x, Mo2C and WC). The ability of these particles to promote alkylation reactions with alcohols was tested on benzyl alcohol and acetophenone at 150 °C for 20 h in xylene. Group IV and V ceramics proved to be able to catalyse the formation of 1,3‐diphenyl propenone, whereas group VI ceramics showed a tendency to promote the Friedel–Crafts‐type reaction of benzyl alcohol on xylene (the solvent). TiN featured the highest activity for the alkylation of ketones and was further tested for more difficult alkylations. Group VI ceramics were further investigated as catalysts for the Friedel–Crafts‐type alkylation of aromatics with activated alcohols. Interestingly, even hexanol could be effectively used for these reactions.
Regioselective Arene Functionalization: Simple Substitution of Carboxylate by Alkyl Groups
Authors: Krüger Tobias , Vorndran Katja , Linker Torsten
Published: September 2009

Arenes with various alkyl side‐chains were synthesized in high yields and excellent regioselectivities. Starting from toluic and naphthoic acids, the carboxylate group was conveniently substituted by alkyl halides by Birch reduction and subsequent decarbonylation. The method is characterized by inexpensive starting materials and reagents, and methylation of arenes was realized. Besides simple alkyl substituents, the scope of arene functionalization was extended by benzyl, fluoro, amino, and ester groups. We were able to control the alkylation of 1‐naphthoic acid during Birch reduction by the addition of tert‐butanol. This allowed the regioselective synthesis of mono and bis‐substituted naphthalenes from the same starting material.
ChemInform Abstract: A Discovery of Tetravalent Ge4+ Ion Conduction in Solids.
Authors: Nunotani Naoyoshi , Tamura Shinji , Imanaka Nobuhito
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Trace Phosphide Tellurides: The System Ce/Te/P.
Authors: Philipp Frauke , Pinkert Katja , Schmidt Peer
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Enantiopure Cyclophane‐Type Imidazole with no Central but Planar Chirality.
Authors: Ishida Yasuhiro , Iwasa Eriko , Matsuoka Yuki , Miyauchi Hiroyuki , Saigo Kazuhiko
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cationic Rhodium(I)/H8‐binap Complex Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions of 1,6‐ and 1,7‐Diynes with Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Otake Yousuke , Tanaka Rie , Tanaka Ken
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Cyanopyridine and Cyanopyrans Towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Microorganisms.
Authors: Vyas D. H. , Tala S. D. , Akbari J. D. , Dhaduk M. F. , Joshi K. A. , Joshi H. S.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: PEG‐SO3H as Catalyst for the Beckmann Rearrangement and Dehydration of Oximes.
Authors: Wang Xi Cun , Li Lei , Quan Zheng Jun , Gong Hai Peng , Ye He Lin , Cao Xiao Feng
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Transition Metal Free Protocol for the Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones as a Continuous Flow Process.
Authors: Sedelmeier Joerg , Ley Steven V. , Baxendale Ian R.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Vilsmeier—Haack Bromination of Aromatic Compounds with KBr and N‐Bromosuccinimide under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Chakradhar A. , Roopa R. , Rajanna K. C. , Saiprakash P. K.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfilimines and Sulfoximines by Reaction of Nitriles with Perfluoroalkyl Sulfoxides.
Authors: Mace Yohan , Urban Celine , Pradet Charlotte , Marrot Jerome , Blazejewski Jean‐Claude , Magnier Emmanuel
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: TfOH‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkyne—Ketone Metathesis Leading to Highly Substituted Five‐Membered Cyclic Enones.
Authors: Jin Tienan , Yang Fan , Liu Chunli , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Protocol for Masking and Unmasking Vicinal Hydroxyl and Formyl Groups in 6‐Hydroxyarene‐1,3‐dicarboxaldehydes.
Authors: Sashidhara Koneni V. , Rosaiah Jammikuntla N. , Kumar Abdhesh
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Methyl Ketones Based on the Blaise Reaction.
Authors: Rao H. Surya Prakash , Padmavathy K. , Vasantham K. , Rafi Shaik
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of New DMAP‐Related Organocatalysts for Use in the Michael Addition Reaction of β‐Ketoesters in Water.
Authors: Ko Kyungmin , Nakano Keiji , Watanabe Shigeru , Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclizations of 1,6‐Diynes.
Authors: Sperger Christian , Fiksdahl Anne
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts for Selective Reduction of Nitriles to Primary Amines.
Authors: Addis Daniele , Enthaler Stephan , Junge Kathrin , Wendt Bianca , Beller Matthias
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple, Efficient Protocols for the Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Aryl Chlorides and Dimethylamine.
Authors: Lee Brian K. , Biscoe Mark R. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal—Broensted Acid Cooperative Catalysis for Asymmetric Reductive Amination.
Authors: Li Chaoqun , Villa‐Marcos Barbara , Xiao Jianliang
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphine‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Enantioselective Allylic Amination of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Acetates.
Authors: Ma Guang‐Ning , Cao Shu‐Hua , Shi Min
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Arylaminophosphonium Barfates as a New Class of Charged Broensted Acid for the Enantioselective Activation of Nonionic Lewis Bases.
Authors: Uraguchi Daisuke , Nakashima Daisuke , Ooi Takashi
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Carbonyl Reverse Prenylation from the Alcohol or Aldehyde Oxidation Level Employing 1,1‐Dimethylallene as the Prenyl Donor.
Authors: Han Soo Bong , Kim In Su , Han Hoon , Krische Michael J.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tris‐(2‐aminoethyl)amine as a Novel and Efficient Tripod Ligand for a Copper(I)‐Catalyzed C—O Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Jogdand Nivrutti R. , Shingate Bapurao B. , Shingare Murlidhar S.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Supported on Hydroxyapatite as a Versatile Multifunctional Catalyst for the Direct Tandem Synthesis of Imines and Oximes.
Authors: Sun Hao , Su Fang‐Zheng , Ni Ji , Cao Yong , He He‐Yong , Fan Kang‐Nian
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Acetates with Huisgen Zwitterions: A Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of β‐Amino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Jose Anu , Paul Rony Rajan , Mohan Resmi , Mathew Smitha C. , Biju A. T. , Suresh Eringathodi , Nair Vijay
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Amide via Phosphonium Ylide.
Authors: Jiang Shilei , Yang Kefeng , Yu Xiaochun
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expeditious Synthesis of Cyanohydrin Trimethylsilyl Ethers Using Tetraethylammonium 2‐(Carbamoyl)benzoate as a Bifunctional Organocatalyst.
Authors: Dekamin Mohammad G. , Sagheb‐Asl Solmaz , Naimi‐Jamal M. Reza
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Regioselective Aroyl‐ and Trifluoro‐acetylthiolation of Alkynes Using Thioesters.
Authors: Minami Yasunori , Kuniyasu Hitoshi , Miyafuji Kiyoshi , Kambe Nobuaki
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,2′‐Arylmethylene Bis(3‐hydroxy‐5,5‐dimethyl‐2‐cyclohexene‐1‐one) in Aqueous Medium at Room Temperature.
Authors: Bayat Mohammad , Imanieh Hossien , Hossieni Seydeh Hajar
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Iron Complex Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxidation of Racemic Benzoins.
Authors: Muthupandi Pandi , Alamsetti Santosh Kumar , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Diisopropylamide Mediated Carbolithiation Reactions of Vinylidenecyclopropanes and Further Transformations of the Adducts.
Authors: Lu Jian‐Mei , Shi Min
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Arylation of Cyclic Enamides via Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation.
Authors: Zhou Hai , Chung Wan‐Jun , Xu Yun‐He , Loh Teck‐Peng
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of S,R‐Alternating Octinaphthalenes.
Authors: Takaishi Kazuto , Sue Daisuke , Kuwahara Shunsuke , Harada Nobuyuki , Kawabata Takeo , Tsubaki Kazunori
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bond‐Assisted Epoxidation of Homoallylic and Allylic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Selenium‐Containing Dinuclear Peroxotungstate.
Authors: Kamata Keigo , Hirano Tomohisa , Kuzuya Shinjiro , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aziridines as Intermediates in Diversity‐Oriented Syntheses of Alkaloids.
Authors: Taylor Alexander M. , Schreiber Stuart L.
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Functionalized Monobactams from Pyridones.
Authors: Adamo Mauro F. A. , Disetti Paolo , Piras Linda
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of Dearomatized Furans Synthesized via the Decarboxylative Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Camp Jason E. , Craig Donald
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to 3‐Acyl‐2‐aminobenzofurans: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 2‐(Cyanomethyl)phenyl Esters.
Authors: Murai Masahito , Miki Koji , Ohe Kouichi
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Method for Synthesis of 1,3‐Disubstituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Polackova Viera , Veverkova Eva , Toma Stefan , Bogdal Dariusz
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of 3‐Methyleneindolin‐2‐ones by One‐Pot Multicatalytic Processes.
Authors: Song Ren‐Jie , Liu Yu , Li Rong‐Jiang , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphonium Salts as Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts: Asymmetric Michael and Mannich Reactions of 3‐Aryloxindoles.
Authors: He Rongjun , Ding Changhua , Maruoka Keiji
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Indoles from Simple Anilines and Alkynes: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Activation Using Dioxygen as the Oxidant.
Authors: Shi Zhuangzhi , Zhang Chun , Li Si , Pan Delin , Ding Shengtao , Cui Yuxin , Jiao Ning
Published: September 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.