bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing diagnostic precision in EBV-related HLH: a multifaceted approach using 18F-FDG PET/CT and nomogram integration
Authors: Yang Xu , Lu Xia , Feng Lijuan , Wang Wei , Kan Ying , Zhang Shuxin , Li Xiang , Yang Jigang
Published: August 2024

Background

The hyperinflammatory condition and lymphoproliferation due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) affect the detection of lymphomas by 18F-FDG PET/CT. We aimed to improve the diagnostic capabilities of 18F-FDG PET/CT by combining laboratory parameters.

Methods

This retrospective study involved 46 patients diagnosed with EBV-positive HLH, who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before beginning chemotherapy within a 4-year timeframe. These patients were categorized into two groups: EBV-associated HLH (EBV-HLH) (n = 31) and EBV-positive lymphoma-associated HLH (EBV + LA-HLH) (n = 15). We employed multivariable logistic regression and regression tree analysis to develop diagnostic models and assessed their efficacy in diagnosis and prognosis.

Results

A nomogram combining the SUVmax ratio, copies of plasma EBV-DNA, and IFN-γ reached 100% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity, with an AUC of 0.926 (95%CI, 0.779–0.988). Importantly, this nomogram also demonstrated predictive power for mortality in EBV-HLH patients, with a hazard ratio of 4.2 (95%CI, 1.1–16.5). The high-risk EBV-HLH patients identified by the nomogram had a similarly unfavorable prognosis as patients with lymphoma.

Conclusions

The study found that while 18F-FDG PET/CT alone has limitations in differentiating between lymphoma and EBV-HLH in patients with active EBV infection, the integration of a nomogram significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy and also exhibits a strong association with prognostic outcomes.
Lightweight ring-neighbor-based user authentication and group-key agreement for internet of drones
Authors: Zhao Zhuo , Hsu Chingfang , Harn Lein , Xia Zhe , Jiang Xinyu , Liu Liu
Published: August 2024

As mobile internet and Internet of Things technologies continue to advance, the application scenarios of peer-to-peer Internet of Drones (IoD) are becoming increasingly diverse. However, the development of IoD also faces significant challenges, such as security, privacy protection, and limited computing power, which require technological innovation to overcome. For group secure communication, it is necessary to provide two basic services, user authentication and group key agreement. Due to the limited storage of IoD devices, group key negotiation requires lightweight calculations, and conventional schemes cannot satisfy the requirements of group communication in the IoD. To this end, a new lightweight communication scheme based on ring neighbors is presented in this paper for IoD, which not only realizes the identity verification of user and group key negotiation, but also improves computational efficiency on each group member side. A detailed security analysis substantiates that the designed scheme is capable of withstanding attacks from both internal and external adversaries while satisfying all defined security requirements. More importantly, in our proposal, the computational cost on the user side remains unaffected by the variability of the number of members participating in group communication, as members communicate in a non-interactive manner through broadcasting. As a result, the protocol proposed in this article demonstrates lower computational and communication costs in comparison to other cryptographic schemes. Hence, this proposal presents a more appealing approach to lightweight group key agreement protocol with user authentication for application in the IoD.
Modern views on cardiovascular diseases in individuals after cholecystectomy as a prerequisite for the substantiation and development of a physical rehabilitation program
Authors: Golod Nataliya
Published: August 2024

Actuality. Gallbladder diseases and cardiovascular diseases have common risk factors. Both have a major impact on the economics of health care systems. There is evidence of an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with gallbladder disease and after cholecystectomy (CC).
Objectives of research. To determine the prevalence of CVD morbidity. To analyze the impact of CVD in terms of rehabilitation prognosis of patients after CC. Identify the main strategies of physical rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of people with CVD and CVD risk factors after CC.
Results of research. In Ukraine, CVD is three times more common than in the European Union. Physical activity (PA) and physical exercise (PE) are the main means of preventing CVD. Individuals after CKD are more likely to develop CVD. For post-CVD patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and existing CVD risk factors, other rehabilitation strategies are needed: pharmacological support, dietary education, smoking cessation, weight control program, blood pressure control, behavioral and psychological management should be used in a coordinated multidisciplinary, long-term approach (from at least 12 months and for life) to help prevent heart disease and improve the quality of life of patients with heart disease.
Conclusions. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs should be used in patients after CC with MS, with existing CVD factors for the prevention of CVD, and with existing comorbidities to reduce mortality and improve quality of life.
Modern views on physical activity in the prevention of concomitant pathology in individuals after cholecystectomy as a prerequisite for the substantiation and development of a physical rehabilitation program
Authors: Nataliya Golod
Published: August 2024

Actuality. The absence of physical activity (PA) harms the health and normal functional capacity of organs and is the main cause of most chronic diseases, including in patients with gallbladder disease (GBD) and after cholecystectomy (CC).
Objectives of research. To analyze the causes and risk factors for the development of GBD. To analyze the effect of PA on the human body. To determine the directions of physical rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of people after cholecystectomy with concomitant pathology.
Results of research. The risk factors for the development of GBD are low FA, overweight, obesity, smoking, female sex, childbirth before the age of 20, postmenopausal medication, diet (consumption of large amounts of calories from refined carbohydrates, animal protein and cholesterol and low content of vegetables and dietary fiber). CC is a trigger for the development of metabolic dysfunctions. FA deficiency and metabolic dysfunctions after CC lead to further development of comorbidities – a combination of factors, namely endothelial dysfunction in the form of insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, is defined as metabolic syndrome (MS).
Conclusions. Increasing FA and exercise training (ET) is an effective therapeutic strategy to improve endothelial function and, as a result, reduce the symptoms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), normalize lipid profile, slow the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its consequences, reduce body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and the risk of stroke. The use of ET in people after CC with comorbidities should be individualized, taking into account age, gender, recovery period, lifestyle, and existing concomitant pathology. For effective positive changes, physical rehabilitation programs should last at least 12 weeks.  The intensity and number of ET sessions for people after CC requires more thorough further study.
Modern views on diabetes mellitus in individuals after cholecystectomy as a prerequisite for the substantiation and development of a physical rehabilitation program
Authors: Golod Nataliya
Published: August 2024

Actuality. Developing countries spend from 2.5 to 15.0 percent of their annual health care budgets on the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), and families with diabetes spend from 15 to 25 percent of their income on treatment. The growing diabetes pandemic is unfolding with a rapid increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
Objectives of research. Determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Analyze the impact of diabetes in terms of the rehabilitation prognosis of patients after cholecystectomy (CC). To determine the main strategies of physical rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of people with diabetes after cholecystectomy.
Results of research. The prevalence of gallstone disease (GD) is significantly higher among people with diabetes (24.8%) than in the general population (13.8%), the physical and social consequences of which can have a negative impact on quality of life. During the initial assessment of people after CC for the purpose of developing a physical rehabilitation program, it is necessary to establish the presence of signs of prediabetes or DM, taking into account glucose and insulin resistance, as well as signs, symptoms and factors that may further contribute to the development of DM. When developing a physical rehabilitation program, the complications that this disease leads to should be taken into account. Rehabilitation interventions for such individuals should be based on evidence-based practice in the field of health care.
Conclusions. The physical rehabilitation (PR) program should last at least 3 to 6 months, aimed at increasing physical activity (PA) (at least 150 minutes and 3 sessions per week of combined aerobic and strength training), normalizing body weight; for older people, the PR program should include measures to prevent falls and sarcopenia. Anxiety and depression levels need to be monitored. Conduct special training to encourage a healthy lifestyle, nutrition, reduced calorie intake, regular physical activity, sleep management, and reduction of anxiety and depression.
Modern views on thyroid disease in individuals after cholecystectomy as a prerequisite for the substantiation and development of a physical rehabilitation program
Authors: Golod Natalia
Published: August 2024

Actuality. Gallstone disease (GD) is a disease that affects up to 15% of the adult population. It occurs mainly as a result of the formation of cholesterol gallstones. Sooner or later, 80% of people with gallstones begin to experience gallstone symptoms, which necessarily require surgical removal of the gallbladder - cholecystectomy. Today, it is usually performed laparoscopically. Analyzing the health status of people after cholecystectomy, it was found that often such people have concomitant thyroid disease (TD).  TD is a chronic condition that causes physical discomfort. Physical consequences can have a negative and long-term impact on work, hobbies, and psychosocial functions of patients.
Objectives of research. To determine the prevalence of thyroid disease in Ukraine. To analyze the impact of thyroid disease in terms of rehabilitation prognosis of patients after cholecystectomy. Identify the main means of physical rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of people with thyroid disease.
Results of research. Analyzing the state of health of people after cholecystectomy, it was found that often such people have concomitant thyroid diseases.  The most common thyroid pathology in Ukraine today is diffuse and nodular goiter. The number of goiter patients in Ukraine is measured in hundreds of thousands. The incidence of hypothyroidism has increased 6.3 times. Even with subclinical hypothyroidism, the initial stage of TD, symptoms similar to those observed in overt hypothyroidism can occur, leading to a deterioration in quality of life.
Conclusions. Endothelial tissues (heart, blood vessels, and capillaries) are most affected in TD. As a result, the function of the cardiovascular system, physical activity, endurance, and muscle strength decrease. Body mass index, heart rate, and blood pressure increase. A lifestyle that helps to maintain body weight, including increased physical activity, reduces the risk of GD. The use of a combination of aerobic and strength exercises in physical rehabilitation programs lasting at least 12 weeks can improve cardiovascular function, increase strength, reduce blood pressure, heart rate, and body mass index.
Urban morphology: An historico-geographical approach
Authors: Arat Muzaffer Ali
Published: August 2024

In this article, the foundation of urban morphology, the approaches to urban morphology, and the role of the ‘historical-geographical approach’ in planning practice are discussed. Firstly, the definition of urban morphology and its relevance is identified. Then, the short history of urban morphology is presented. The main approaches to urban morphology are addressed. Afterwards, the historical-geographical approach, whose theorist is M.R.G. Conzen, is focused on, and different concepts within this approach are introduced. These are, respectively, fringe belt, morphological region, burgage cycle, form complexes, morphological frame, and fixation line, to name the most important. Following this, bearing in mind the main purpose of this study, the role of the historical-geographical approach in planning practice is revealed.  
(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)
Özet
Bu makalede kentsel morfolojinin kavram olarak ortaya çıkışı, kentsel morfoloji yaklaşımları ve bu yaklaşımlar içerisindeki ‘tarihi-coğrafi yaklaşım’ ve bu yaklaşımın planlama pratiklerindeki rolünden bahsedilmektedir. Öncelikle kentsel morfolojinin tanımı ve hayatımızla olan ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuş olup kentsel morfolojideki temel yaklaşımlara değinerek bu yaklaşımların kenti veya kent parçalarını ele alış biçimleri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonrasında, kuramcısının M.R.G. Conzen olduğu tarihi-coğrafi yaklaşımına odaklanıp, yaklaşım içerisindeki farklı konseptler irdelenmiştir. Bunlar sırasıyla, çeper kuşak, mofolojik bölge, burgage cycle, form kompleksleri, morphological frame, ve sabitleme hattıdır. Ardından bu çalışmanın temel amacı çerçevesinde tarihi-coğrafi yaklaşımın kent planlama pratiklerindeki rolü ortaya konulmuştur.
Pengaruh Sedimentasi terhadap Tutupan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Arfai, Manokwari Indonesia
Authors: Kolibongso Duaitd , Alfani Hermina Gloria , Loinenak Frida A. , Sembel Luky , Purba Gandi Y S
Published: August 2024

Sedimentation adversely affects corals by impeding recruitment, hindering growth, and inducing stress, ultimately leading to degradation. This study aims to ascertain the correlation between sedimentation and coral cover. Five stations were sampled in Arfai waters in May 2023, with sedimentation rates measured using traps over 14 days. Coral reef conditions were assessed via the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method, revealing a 'good' coral cover of 51%, dominated by Acropora submassive (ACS), Acropora branching (ACB), and Coral branching (CB). Sedimentation rates ranged from 6.26 to 33.92 mg/cm²/day, with impacts categorized from mild to moderate and moderate to heavy. Analysis confirms sedimentation's influence on coral reef life. Despite its significance for management strategies, long-term studies tracking coral reef structure and function in response to sediment influx are lacking. Further research on coral reef recovery post-sediment exposure is imperative.  Sedimentasi memengaruhi karang dengan menghambat rekruitmen, menghambat pertumbuhan, dan menyebabkan stres, yang akhirnya menyebabkan degradasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sedimentasi dan tutupan karang. Lima stasiun diambil sampelnya di perairan Arfai pada Mei 2023, dengan tingkat sedimentasi diukur menggunakan perangkap selama 14 hari. Kondisi terumbu karang dinilai melalui metode Point Intercept Transect (PIT), yang mengungkapkan tutupan karang 'baik' sebesar 51%, didominasi oleh Acropora submassive (ACS), Acropora branching (ACB), dan Coral branching (CB). Tingkat sedimentasi berkisar dari 6,26 hingga 33,92 mg/cm²/hari, dengan dampak yang dikategorikan dari ringan hingga sedang dan sedang hingga berat. Analisis menegaskan pengaruh sedimentasi terhadap kehidupan terumbu karang. Meskipun penting untuk strategi pengelolaan, studi jangka panjang yang melacak struktur dan fungsi terumbu karang dalam menanggapi masukan sedimen masih kurang. Penelitian lebih lanjut tentang pemulihan terumbu karang setelah paparan sedimen sangat penting.
Microzonasi Perubahan Garis pantai Akibat Pengaruh Rip Current di Pantai Kota Bani Bengkulu
Authors: Supiyati Supiyati , Johan Septi , Suwarsono Suwarsono , Putri Hestyna Eka
Published: August 2024

The coastal of Kota Bani in Bengkulu is directly connected to the Indian Ocean, which has strong waves and currents that have the potential for rip currents. Recently, Kota Bani coast has experienced rapid shoreline changes caused by abrasion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify rip current generating parameters, microzonation mapping of shoreline changes and its relationship with the potential zone of rip current occurrence at Kota Bani Coast, Bengkulu. The methods used in this study were in situ measurement of rip current generating parameters and identification of rip current using drone photos and USGS data to see shoreline changes. Analysis was done descriptively and quantitatively. Based on the research results, the type of breaking wave found at Kota Bani Coast is the plunging type with an irribaren value of 0.3 - 2.3. The potential for rip current occurs more in the west season than in the first transitional season. Rip current speeds of 3 m/s in the west season and 2.2 m/s in the first transitional season. Based on photo data of the coastline from the USGS for 10 years, the abrasion zone experienced a total coastline setback of 149.9 meters and in the non-abrasion zone experienced a total coastline increase (sedimentation) of 113.3 meters, with an average per year.  Pantai Kota Bani Bengkulu Utara berhubungan langsung dengan Samudera Hindia yang memiliki gelombang dan arus kuat yang memiliki potensi kemunculan rip current. Akhir-akhir ini Pantai kota Bani mengalami perubahan garis pantai yang sangat cepat yang disebabkan abrasi. Oleh sebab itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi parameter pembangkit rip current, pemetaan microzonasi perubahan garis pantai dan  hubungannya dengan zona potensi rip current di Pantai Kota Bani Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengukuran in situ parameter pembangkit rip current dan identifikasi rip current menggunakan foto drone serta data USGS utuk melihat perubahan garis pantai. Analisis dilakukan secara diskriptif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh tipe gelombang pecah yang terdapat di Pantai Kota Bani yaitu tipe plunging dengan nilai irribaren 0,3 - 2,3. Potensi kemunculan rip current lebih banyak terjadi pada musim barat dibandingkan musim peralihan I. Kecepatan rip current pada musim barat 3 m/s dan pada musim peralihan I 2,2 m/s. Berdasarkan data foto garis pantai dari USGS selama 10 tahun zona terabrasi terjadi total kemunduran garis pantai 149,9 meter dan pada zona tidak terabrasi mengalami total kemajuan garis pantai (sedimentasi) 113,3 meter, dengan rata-rata perubahan garis pantai per tahun 3,7 m. Zona abrasi dan tidak terabrasi sama-sama berpotensi munculnya rip current, akan tetapi kemunculan rip current lebih banyak pada zona terabrasi, hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa rip current menjadi salah satu faktor mempercepat terjadinya abrasi di Pantai Kota Bani.
Kondisi Foraminifera Bentik Sebagai Bioindikator Pada Ekosistem Terumbu Karang Di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Weh, Sabang, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Zahra Avifah , Ocatvina Chitra , Ramadhaniaty Muthia , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: August 2024

The East Coast Marine Conservation Area of Pulau Weh, Sabang (KKP PTPW) holds a lot of potential natural wealth. One of them is foraminifera which lives in coral reef sediments. Foraminifera are a group of single-celled organisms that can foram shells from their own bodies. This research aims to determine the type, abudance anda relationship of benthic foraminifera eith coral reefs and determine the condition of the coral reef ecosystem. This research was carried out from July to Sptember 2023 using a purposive sampling method, where benthic foraminifera samples were taken using a corer with five repetitions at one station and coral reef data was collected using the Point Intercept (PIT) method. The results of resecrh on benthic foraminifera found 33 families, 33 genera and 31 species with an average abudance of 1089 ind/m2 and average coral reef cover of 56,66% in the high category. Foraminifera have a very cose relationship with coral reefs, which is why foraminifera can be used as associates on coral reefs.   Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Weh, (KKP PTPW) sabang, menyimpan banyak potensi kekayaan alam. Salah satu nya Foraminifera yang hidup pada sedimen terumbu karang. Foraminifera merupakan sekelompok organisme bersel tunggal yang dapat membentuk cangkang dari tubuh nya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, kelimpahan serta hubungan foraminifera bentik dengan terumbu karang dan mengetahui kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2023 dengan metode purposive sampling, dimana pengambilan sampel foraminifera bentik menggunakan corer (Pipa Paralon) dengan lima kali pengulangan dalam satu stasiun dan pengambilan data terumbu karang dengan metode Point Intercept Transect (PIT). Hasil penelitian foraminifera bentik ditemukan sebanyak 33 family, 33 genus dan 31 spesies dengan kelimpahan rata-rata 1089 ind/m2 dan rata-rata tutupan terumbu karang 56,66% dengan kategori tinggi. Foraminifera mempunyai hubungan sangat dekat pada terumbu karang yang dimana foraminifera bisa dijadikan sebagai asosiasi pada terumbu karang.
Biology Fisheries of Threadfin Bream Fish (Family: Nemipteridae) Landed at Oeba Fish Landing Site and Oesapa Fish Market, Kupang City
Authors: Wora Umbu Domu , Wijayati Diah Permata , Widowati Ita , Nursalim Nining , Kolilah Nenik , Ginzel Fanny Iriyany , Kurniasih Eka Maya
Published: August 2024

The threadfin bream fish from the Nemipteridae family is a demersal species and an economically significant commercial fish. It is widely used for personal consumption and sold in markets. The capture of threadfin bream fish at the Oeba Fish Landing Site and Oesapa Fish Market has been increasing. Continuous high-intensity fishing will likely negatively impact the threadfin bream fish population, leading to stock depletion and reduced catch production. Research on threadfin bream fish in East Nusa Tenggara has yet to be reported, particularly in Kupang Bay and Rote Ndao waters. This study aims to investigate the fisheries biology of threadfin bream fish landed at the Oeba Fish Landing Site and Oesapa Fish Market. A total of 84 threadfin bream fish were sampled from both locations. The length-weight relationship of threadfin bream fish at these sites is negatively allometric with value b < 3, indicating that length growth is more dominant than weight gain. The gonad maturity stages of male and female threadfin bream fish range from GSM I-III. The size distribution of threadfin bream fish ranges from 173-295 mm at the Oeba Fish Landing Site and from 173-245 mm at the Oesapa Fish Market. Most of the threadfin bream found are still in the early stages of gonadal maturity, indicating that these fish are young and not yet ready to spawn. Implementing Sustainable fishing management practices is crucial, including setting catch quotas and minimum catch sizes and educating fishermen to ensure the sustainability of threadfin bream fish stocks.
Mutational Analysis of the NPHS2 Gene in Czech Patients with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Reiterová Jana , Šafránková H. , Obeidová L. , Štekrová J. , Maixnerová D. , Merta M. , Tesař V.
Published: August 2024

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease represent frequent histological patterns of renal injury in patients with nephrotic syndrome. Few cases carrying NPHS2 gene variants have been described to date. Mutational analysis of the NPHS2 gene was performed in 50 Czech adult patients with histologically proved FSGS/MCD. The common p.P20L and p.R229Q polymorphisms of the NPHS2 gene were tested in 169 patients with IgA nephropathy and in 300 individuals of the control group. No mutation in the NPHS2 gene in patients with adult onset was identified. One homozygous mutation p.V290M in a patient with onset in early childhood was found. One new heterozygous variant in the non-conservative area of the NPHS2 gene, p.G97S, was identified in a patient with childhoodonset FSGS. In one adult patient, there were two polymorphisms, p.P20L and p.R229Q, in trans-heterozygous state, which could contribute to steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. The most common polymorphism p.R229Q was identified in 12 % of FSGS/ MCD patients, in 11.8 % of IGAN patients and in 10% of controls. The heterozygosity of p.R229Q polymorphism was similar in the IGAN group, with non-significantly higher prevalence in IGAN patients with progressive form of the disease (15.9 % versus 9.4 %). The prevalence of p.P20L polymorphism was not significantly different among the groups (6 % in FSGS patients, 1.8 % in IGAN patients, 1 % in the control group). To conclude, NPHS2 mutations are rare in patients with adult onset of FSGS/MCD. The R229Q polymorphism is frequent in the Czech population and probably could have some influence on IGAN.
Anti-proliferative and Anti-angiogenic Effects of CB2R Agonist (JWH-133) in Non-small Lung Cancer Cells (A549) and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells: an in Vitro Investigation
Authors: Vidinský B. , Gál Peter , Pilátová M. , Vidová Z. , Solár P. , Varinská L. , Ivanová L. , Mojžiš J.
Published: August 2024

Non-small cell lung cancer has one of the highest mortality rates among cancer-suffering patients. It is well known that the unwanted psychotropic effects of cannabinoids (CBs) are mediated via the CB1receptor (R), and selective targeting of the CB2R would thus avoid side effects in cancer treatment. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of selective CB2R agonist, JWH-133, on A549 cells (non-small lung cancer) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cytotoxicity assay and DNA fragmentation assay were employed to evaluate the influence of JWH-133 (3-(1,1-dimethylbutyl)-1-deoxy-Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol) on investigated cancer cells. In addition, migration assay and gelatinase zymography were performed in HUVECs to asses JWH-133 anti-angiogenic activity. Our study showed that JWH-133 exerted cytotoxic effect only at the highest concentration used (10-4mol/l), while inhibition of colony formation was also detected at the non-toxic concentrations (10-5–10-8mol/l). JWH-133 was also found to be able to induce weak DNA fragmentation in A549 cells. Furthermore, JWH-133 at non-toxic concentrations inhibited some steps in the process of angiogenesis. It significantly inhibited endothelial cell migration after 17 h of incubation at concentrations of 10-4–10-6mol/l. In addition, JWH-133 inhibited MMP-2 secretion as assessed by gelatinase zymography. The present study demonstrates thein vitroanti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic potential of CB2R agonist, JWH-133, in non-small lung cancer cells and HUVECs. Our results generate a rationale for furtherin vivoefficacy studies with this compound in preclinical cancer models.
Antioxidant and cardioprotective properties of polyphenolic plant extract of Rhus glabra L.
Authors: Gayibov Ulugbek Gapparjanovich , Gayibova Sabina Narimanovna , Karimjonov Hayiotbek Murodilbek ugli , Abdullaev Azizbek Akbarali ugli , Abduazimova Dildora Sharifjanovna , Rakhimov Rakhmatilla Nurillaevich , Ruziboev Haydarali Sobirjonovich , Xolmirzayeva Madina Akramjanovna , Zaynabiddinov Anvarjon Erkinjonovich , Aripov Takhir Fatixovich
Published: August 2024

This research looks at the heart-healthy and antioxidant effects of a polyphenol mixture made from Rhus glabra by using a lot of different types of experiments. First, the DPPH assay was used to test the antiradical activity. It showed strong free radical scavenging abilities, with an IC50 value of 18.4 ± 1.4 µL. Mitochondria isolated from rat liver were utilized to examine antioxidative effects on mitochondrial K+ATP ion channels and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was measured via malondialdehyde (MDA) production, indicating that the preparation inhibited LPO and oxidative stress in mitochondrial membranes. Further, the study employed an adrenaline-induced ischemia model to evaluate cardioprotective effects. Treatment with the polyphenol preparation significantly reduced enzyme markers such as ALT, AST, CK, and LDH compared to the ischemic group, highlighting its potential in mitigating ischemic damage. Creatine kinase activity assays indicated improved cellular energy metabolism and biochemical profiling revealed enhancements in atherogenic, cardioprotective, and coronary risk indices. Statistical analyses confirmed the significance of these findings, demonstrating that Rhus glabra exhibits potent antioxidant activity, mitigates oxidative stress, and provides cardioprotective benefits. The study's results suggest that Rhus glabra holds substantial therapeutic potential for enhancing cardiovascular health and combating oxidative stress through its antioxidant properties and ability to improve mitochondrial function and protect against ischemic injury.
The combined allelopathic effect of wheat plant residues with doses of mineral fertilizer nitrogen (N) on yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) crops
Authors: Sarbout Ali Kareem
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted on a farm associated with the Agricultural Extension Directorate of Residues Governorate during the 2023 agricultural season. The study aimed to determine the differential effect of wheat plant residues alone and with different fertilizer treatments on selected argemone characteristics of Sunflower (Agrico cultivars). The research included the evaluation of four different fertilizer treatments: no fertilization, nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 80 kg/ha, nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 120 kg/ha, wheat residues at a rate of 1400 g/m2m2, and wheat residues at a rate of 1400 g/m2 m2 combined with nitrogen fertilizer at 120 kg/ha).The experiment used a split-plot design, with three replicates for each treatment. The following parameters were examined: Plant height (cm), Flower disc diameter (cm), Average dry weight of the disc (g), Average seed weight per disc (g), Average number of seeds per disc (seed), Average weight of 100 seeds (g), Biological yield (kg/ha), Yield from Seeds (kg/ha) and Harvest factor (%).The results demonstrated a significant superiority of the mineral fertilization treatment (120 kg/ha) alone or with wheat residues at 1400 g/m2 concentration in most of the studied indicators over the other treatments. This was evident by the increase in the flower disk (13.21), the dry weight of the flower disk (78.06 grams), and the weight of seeds in the plant (41.45 grams). Additionally, the weight of 100 seeds was (4.947 grams), the biological yield was (27,541 kg/ha), and the seed yield was (3316 kg/ha). Regarding the plant height characteristic, the organic fertilization treatment of 120 kg/ha alone or with wheat residues at 1400 g/m2 concentrations showed superiority. This was followed by treating wheat residues at 1400 g/m2 (173.3,168.3) cm, respectively. Furthermore, the harvest index was significantly higher in the 120 kg/fertilization treatment, either alone or with wheat residue at a rate of 1400 g/m2.
Hsa_circ_0023179 modulated the processes of proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the miR-615-5p/CDH3 axis
Authors: Guo Qingkui , Zheng Min , Zhu Chen , Wu Bin
Published: August 2024

Circular RNA (circRNA) has been widely studied as a competitive endogenous RNA targeting microRNA (miRNA)/messenger RNA to regulate cancer progression. However, the regulatory mechanism of circ_0023179 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The expression levels of circ_0023179, miR-615-5p and Cadherin 3 (CDH3) in NSCLC were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The stability of circ_0023179 was verified using ribonuclease R enzyme, actinomycin D and agarose gel electrophoresis. Colony formation and thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine assays were performed to examine proliferation changes in NSCLC cells. Western blot was used to assess the levels of CDH3 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)–related marker proteins to evaluate EMT. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays were performed to explore the potential mechanisms of circ_0023179 in regulating NSCLC progression. Finally, the effects of circ_0023179 on NSCLC tumour growth in vivo were explored using a nude mouse subcutaneous tumour model. The results showed that the expression of circ_0023179 was remarkably higher in NSCLC tissues and cells, and it had a significant effect on NSCLC cell proliferation. Additionally, the knockdown of circ_0023179 significantly inhibited tumour growth in NSCLC mice. Mechanistically, circ_0023179 alleviated its inhibition of downstream CDH3 through the sponge-like adsorption of miR-615-5p. The downregulation of miR-615-5p and the upregulation of CDH3 mitigated the inhibitory effect of silencing circ_0023179 on NSCLC cell proliferation. In conclusion, silencing circ_0023179 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation by targeting the miR-615-5p/CDH3 axis involved in NSCLC progression.
Fetal heart quantification technique improves the prenatal prediction of coarctation of the aorta: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Lu Xiaoxi , Zhao Bowen , Pan Mei , Huang Lijian , Zhang Xiaomin , Peng Xiaohui , Chen Ran , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: August 2024

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) ranks among the most prevalent congenital heart defects and poses a life-threatening risk if left undiagnosed. Herein, we utilized fetal heart quantification (HQ) technology to improve the prenatal prediction of CoA. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 fetal cases with suspected aortic arch constriction, identified through prenatal ultrasound findings between November 2020 and March 2022 at the Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University. According to the follow-up results, these cases were divided into two groups: 35 cases confirmed as CoA by postpartum surgery or induction, and 29 cases initially suspected of CoA prenatally but subsequently ruled out postnatally. Additionally, 88 cases of normal fetuses were randomly selected as the control group. Both conventional M-mode ultrasound techniques and Fetal HQ software were utilized for fetal analysis across all groups. Parameters related to the heart were measured, including fetal 4-CV length, width, Global Spherical Index (GSI), Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (MAPSE), areas and ratios of the left and right ventricles, as well as lengths and ratios of the left and right ventricles. Functional measurements of the left and right ventricles included ejection fraction (EF), fractional area change (FAC), global longitudinal strain (GLS), fractional shortening (FS), end-diastolic diameter (ED), and sphericity index (SI). Left ventricular (LV)-GLS, LV-FAC, LV-EF, and LV-EF Z-score could potentially differentiate between true CoA and false CoA or normal groups and serve as potential indicators for the clinical diagnosis of CoA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that LV-GLS and LV-EF Z-score have the greatest predictive power for CoA diagnosis. The segments 6-12 of FS in the confirmed CoA group were significantly lower than those in the false CoA and normal groups. Fetal HQ technology, by assessing changes in the size and shape of the heart, can provide relatively reliable parameter support for the prenatal diagnosis of fetal aortic coarctation.
Становление международной защиты прав человека в межвоенный период: фигура и взгляды А. Н. Мандельштама. Часть 2
Authors: Шестакова Ксения Дмитриевна , Ятаева Полина Сергеевна , Авдеева Варвара Сергеевна , Супонин Вячеслав Вячеславович
Published: August 2024

В современной русскоязычной литературе по теории и истории международного права имя А. Н. Мандельштама упоминается редко. Внимание к его международно-правовым идеям в последнее десятилетие понемногу проявляется в источниках, посвященных ранней истории защиты прав человека на английском, французском и других языках. Профессиональный путь А. Н. Мандельштама в эпоху нестабильности, войн и революций интересен фокусом на защиту прав человека, окончательно сформировавшимся в эмигрантский период жизни. Перу Мандельштама принадлежит первый проект универсальной декларации прав человека, принятый Институтом международного права. Продвигая в эмиграции гуманистические идеи, А. Н. Мандельштам читал лекции в Гаагской академии международного права, осмысляя опыт столкновения Османской и Российской империй с проблемами меньшинств, беженцев и апатридов. Он разработал концепции защиты прав меньшинств и прав человека в международном праве, а также активно занимался их универсализацией. Несмотря на передовые для своего времени идеи о примате прав человека над государственным суверенитетом, Мандельштам не был свободен от глубоко укоренившихся в мировоззрении интернационалистов его поколения идей о разном уровне развития и цивилизованности различных народов, требующих, по сложившемуся мнению, опеки просвещенных государств. Авторы статьи исследовали частную историю А. Н. Мандельштама, связанные с ней микроистории, включив их в более широкий исторический, политический и социальный контекст. Они проанализировали становление и развитие идей Мандельштама о защите прав человека в межвоенный период с целью вернуть его фигуру и идеи в современный теоретический и исторический дискурс.
От человека к корпорации: на пути к антропоморфизации юридических лиц в международном праве
Authors: Лунёв Андрей Алексеевич
Published: August 2024

Идея о том, что все люди обладают универсальными, равными и неотъемлемыми правами, воспринимается уже не столько как учение о способах защиты прав человека от государственного посягательства, сколько своего рода стандарт развития новых правосубъектных концепций, среди которых концепция основных прав юридических лиц. В ее основе лежит тезис, в соответствии с которым национальные юридические лица обладают правами, подобными правам человека (например, свобода выражения мнения, запрет дискриминации, право на жилище), и могут самостоятельно и от собственного имени требовать защиты таких прав на международном уровне. Следуя антропоморфной логике и проводя аналогию с правами иных акторов (государств, животных и природы), автор утверждает, что статус юридических лиц в международном праве все чаще уподобляется статусу физического лица. В работе раскрыта суть концепции основных прав юридических лиц и ее практическое применение в некоторых судебных и квазисудебных механизмах защиты прав человека. Внимание преимущественно уделяется европейским системам, в частности Европейского союза и Совета Европы, в которых гарантии прав юридических лиц наиболее широки. В статье также установлена производность основных прав юридических лиц от прав человека и обосновано ценностное значение организационно-управленческой формы юридического лица для более эффективной защиты индивида. В результате проведенного исследования автор приходит к выводу, что концепция прав человека продолжает свое развитие, расширяя субъектный состав и усиливая значение неправительственных организаций в правозащитной сфере.
Обязательство не судиться в международном и национальном праве
Authors: Гальперин Михаил Львович
Published: August 2024

В статье демонстрируется общая проблема отсутствия универсальных правовых критериев допустимости соглашений об отказе от исков в национальные суды и международные трибуналы. В условиях глобального изменения восприятия системы юрисдикционной защиты на национальном и международном уровнях досудебные и внесудебные соглашения об урегулировании неизбежно будут получать распространение и вскоре, как некогда сделки о признании вины в американском праве, превратятся из исключения в правило, в саму систему правосудия. Без условий о взаимном отказе от исков в национальные и международные трибуналы (и сторон соглашения, и всех их резидентов) не смогут обойтись и будущие межгосударственные соглашения об урегулировании конфликтов. Фундамент таких соглашений — придание юридической силы содержащимся в них окончательным отказам от обращения с исками. На отказы, которые ведут свою историю со времен римского права, уже нельзя стыдливо закрывать глаза или гневно отвергать их, считая угрозой правовым устоям. С использованием исторических примеров, практики международных и национальных трибуналов в статье моделируется механизм регулирования отказов от исков и требований, который учитывает положения частного и публичного, материального и процессуального, национального и международного права, необходимость обеспечения баланса, с одной стороны, защиты фундаментальных прав и свобод, включая право на доступ к суду, а с другой — свободы договора.
How to Make International Law More Effective: the Effectiveness of the United Nations Convention against Corruption
Authors: Шлютер Нильс
Published: August 2024

This paper deals with how to make international law more de facto effective. There are countless conventions on topics such as human rights, environmental law, or, in our case, corruption prevention. The central thesis is that lawyers and policymakers can make existing treaties more effective using a multidisciplinary approach. It consists of the empirical studies of other science fields, including behavioural economics, sociology, and criminology. This approach is compatible with international law, specifically with the rules of interpretation laid out in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (hereinafter — VCLT), through an evolutionary interpretation. An effective anticorruption policy needs to be tailor-made for the specific country’s condition. The assumption that a successful approach in one state in one specific situation will necessarily be successful in another is flawed. This paper presents different policy concepts to curb corruption: rational choice, self-concept maintenance, principal-agent theory, and collective action problem. The concepts are evaluated through the lens of empirical studies. To exemplify this approach an application of the criterion “culture” will be shown. G. Hofstede discovered in his research different cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism, masculinity, and uncertainty avoidance. Each dimension has a unique interaction with corruption. These interactions explain why the same approach does not yield the same result. For example, a state that has a very high-power distance would not benefit as strongly from a principal-agent theory approach. In high-power distance countries the average citizen has little to no influence on the state’s politics. The accountability of principles, however, is one of the key elements of the principal-agent approach. On the contrary such an approach would certainly backfire. Giving principals more money and monitoring powers, as the approach suggests, would only consolidate existing structures. In a state with high accountability (low-power distance) this approach would strengthen the fight against corruption.
Causes of Action Behind Parent Companies’ Accountability for Human Rights Violations in National Courts
Authors: Уланова Дарья Романовна
Published: August 2024

The vertical nature of international human rights norms presupposes states to be the addressee of human rights obligations. Therefore, there is no corporate liability for human rights abuses under international law. National legislation also does not contain any explicit rule that would allow to hold a parent company liable for human rights violations committed by its subsidiary or supplier abroad. Nevertheless, even in the absence of a clear legal basis, the national courts of Canada, France, the UK and the Netherlands, express their willingness to recognise the existence of responsibility to respect human rights on the part of corporations. Furthermore, modern case law of the aforementioned states represents possibilities to actually hold corporations liable under tort and criminal law for violations of this obligation. The reason for these “bottom — up” developments appears to be the shift of focus from corporate to victims protection. Corporate legal autonomy originated from strict corporate separation principle, as it  becomes questionable nowadays. The need for the developments was born from a laissez-faire approach applied to corporations over the years that gave them the possibility to become invisible in their home states and therefore insulate liability for wrongdoings abroad. National courts of Canada, France, the UK and the Netherlands in course of their judicial practice invoke a great variety of possible causes of action to be the ground of imposing the responsibility to respect human rights on corporations and consequently holding them liable for violation of that obligation. Causes of action encompass international human rights law provisions, invocation of duty of care concept, human rights due diligence framework and criminal law provisions. However, the question whether any cause of action invoked by national courts in order to hold parent companies liable for human rights abuses committed by their subsidiaries or suppliers abroad meets the criteria of universality and applicability at the international level.
Immunofluorescence protocol for FFPE human post-mortem brain sections to detect alpha-synuclein and tau pathology v1
Authors: Suteja Felicia , Li Hongyun , Fu YuHong
Published: August 2024

This protocol details the method for preparing and staining human formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded post mortem brain tissue to detect alpha-synuclein and tau pathology using immunofluorescence.
NORTHERN VOLOSTES OF MOLDAVIA (BUKOVYNA) IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING OTTOMAN EXPANSION IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XVI CENTURY AND THE POLISH-MOLDAVIAN WAR OF 1530 – 1532
Authors:   Chernivtsi National University named after Yuri Fed’kovych, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Balukh Oleksii
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the the military and political situation in the North Moldavian lands (Bukovyna) in the first third of the XVI century during the intensification of Ottoman expansion in Central and Eastern Europe and the Polish-Moldavian war of 1530 – 1532. During the reign of Bohdan III in Moldavia, the state of Polish-Moldavian relations remained extremely tense due to the bloody struggle for Pokuttya, which negatively affected the military and political situation in the border lands, including Chernivtsi and Khotyn volostes. However, the short reign of the voivode Stephen IV Young was the most productive and relatively calm in the development of Polish-Moldovan relations. Its activities ensured both economic and demographic stability throughout the country, including in the Bukovynian lands. In particular, there were no conflicts on the northern border of Moldova at that time, as the Moldovan voivode did not lay claim to Pokuttya, so as not to aggravate the country's difficult foreign policy situation due to increasing expansion by the Ottoman Empire. The Turkish sultan constantly increased the amount of tribute, forced the Moldavian troops to take part in their campaigns, and conducted intrigues against the Moldavian voivodes. During the reign of Petru IV Raresh, Polish-Moldavian relations intensified again, in particular, the moldovan voivode began to demand from Poland the return of the territory of Pokuttya, which resulted in another Polish-Moldavian war of 1530-1532. Then the territory of Bukovyna was devastated, the cities of Chernivtsi and Khotyn were burned, and the population of the region felt the force of Polish anger. In this war, Moldavia lost Pokuttya forever, and the position in the state was extremely tense, so Sultan Suleiman I tried to overthrow Petru Raresh from the throne.