bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Diagnosis of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Adults and Comparison of Its Management with Hearing Aids Versus Cochlear Implantation
Authors: N P Prasanth , M P Dr. Ravanan , P V Deepak Raj
Published: September 2022

This study was done at two super specialty hospitals with the purpose of identifying the best diagnostic methods and management options for Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders (ANSD) in adults. In the management part, we compared the benefits of hearing aids versus cochlear implantation in adult subjects with ANSD. This study was conducted between August 2014 and July 2020. Out of a large number of patients who came to the department, 30 patients who were willing for the study and fulfilled the criteria of ANSD were taken as subjects. Average age of the subjects was 29 years. Specific risk factors which are common in infantile ANSDs were not seen in adult subjects. Pure tone audiometry showed sensory neural hearing loss varying from mild to profound in severity and varying configurations. The word discrimination scores varied from 0% to 70%. Ipsilateral and contralateral Acoustic reflexes were absent in both ears. Brain stem evoked responses showed absent/abnormal peaks at maximum stimulus presentation levels. Cochlear microphonics was present in 80% of individuals and DPOAEs were present in 70% of individuals. Only 30% showed benefit after hearing aid use. 4 individuals underwent cochlear implantation and they showed improvement in hearing threshold, speech discrimination, and reception skills. Thus benefits of hearing aid are limited in late onset ANSDs but they show considerable benefit with cochlear implantation. Audiological investigations such as PTA, Speech audiometry, Immittance Audiometry, OAE & ABR plays the key role in diagnosis of ANSD. A large sample size study and long term follow up is needed to assess the exact outcome of various management options in adults with ANSD.

Key words: ANSD - Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, DPOAE – Distortion Product Otoacoustic emissions OAE – Oto Acoustic Emissions. ABR - Auditory brainstem response, PTA- Pure Tone Audiometry cochlear microphonics, hearing aids, speech discrimination, cochlear implantation SNHL – Sensory Neural Hearing Loss ANSI – American National Standards Institute
Case Based Reasoning Expert System Identification of Top Brand Merchant Online Food PT. Solusi Transportasi Indonesia
Authors: Lubis Yuli Ennisa , Batubara Supina
Published: September 2022

PT. Solusi Transportasi Indonesia or what we know better as grab, at this time not only engaged in people delivery services, but also other features, one of which is grabfood. Grabfood cooperates with the best restaurants we call merchants in the Greater Jakarta area, Medan, Surabaya, Bandung, Bali, Makassar, Palembang, and several other cities in Indonesia. Grabfood uses 2 payment methods, cash and non-cash. To achieve this goal of developing grabfood services, periodic identification of merchants who are top brands is carried out in order to provide services and increase customer satisfaction. Several things can be done due to the rapid development of technology and information, one of the things that can be done is to identify the Top Brand. One of the easy ways to identify it is to use an expert system. This expert system was created to be used by companies in identifying Top Brand Merchant. Data collection techniques were carried out by conducting interviews with related companies and browsing the internet. The inference method used in the development of this expert system is the case base reasoning method, which is a method that draws conclusions from new cases based on old cases and provides solutions to new cases based on old cases that have the highest similarity value. Cases that commonly occur and are encountered can be used as a reference to identify Top Brand Merchant when there are new cases. The use of cases that have occurred previously or old cases is generally known as case-based reasoning (CBR). This study discusses an expert system to identify Top Brand Merchant using CBR reasoning method with nearest neighbor similarity measurement method.

Keywords: Expert System, Case Base Reasoning, Neighbor Similarity, Top Brand Merchant
Production of Fuel Briquettes from a Blend of Corncob and Rice Husk
Authors: C.V Sam Obu, , Chris-Ukaegbu, S.O. Amos, J.; , Chijindu P. Dike
Published: September 2022

The main subjects of this study were the production of briquettes made from a mixture of corncob and rice husk. The calorific value of the manufactured briquettes and proximal and ultimate analyses were used to evaluate their combustion characteristics. The manufactured fuel briquette's ash, moisture, volatile matter, and fixed carbon content varied from 2.99 to 14.28, 4.24 to 14.99, 59.7 to 71.39, and 9.50 to 21.38, respectively. Its calorific value ranges from 11.98 to 15.55 MJ/kg. The maximum compressed density (2.1 g/cm3), relaxed density (0.82 g/cm3), shattering index (99.53%), and water resistance capacity (11.9 minutes) were found in maize cob briquettes with 0.2 mm particle size. Briquettes made from a mixture of rice husk and corn cob can be used as a source of cooking fuel and in small businesses like bakeries.

Keywords: Agricultural waste, fuel briquettes, corncob, rice husk
Financial Analysis of Fish Cage Cultivation of Nile Tilapia in Keranggan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency
Authors: Winarni Etik , Fahmi Ali , Sari Yolanda
Published: September 2022

This study aims to figure out financial analysis of fish cage cultivation of nile tilapia in Keranggan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency. Data collection in this study is primary data by means of observation, namely filling out questionnaires and direct interviews with fish cage cultivation of nile tilapia in Keranggan Village, Muaro Jambi Regency. The location selection is deliberately carried out with the consideration that the object of this study were widely spread in Muaro Jambi Regency, especially in Keranggan Village, Sekernan District. The population in this study is nile tilapia farmers who are the owners for 25 business units of tilapia cage. The data studied in this study are taken from primary data. A cluster system is used to determine the sample in this study which is carried out in Keranggan Village, Sekernan District for fish farmers who have a total of 6 cages, with a sample of 25 respondents who were taken directly from all cage farmers who have cage with 6 ponds in the Karangan Village. The data are analyzed using the financial feasibility analysis of fish cage cultivation of nile tilapia using the calculation formula for net present value, internal rate of return, net benefit cost ratio, and payback period analysis. The results of the feasibility of fish cage cultivation of nile tilapia in Keranggan Village are currently financially feasible with a net present value of Rp2,097,227, internal rate of return 12.80%, net benefit/cost ratio Rp1,235, and payback period analysis obtained for 0.6695 years (6 months 24 days).

Keywords: Financial, Fish, Cage, Cultivation, Nile Tilapia
GHARAR DALAM TA`ARUF ONLINE SERTA DAMPAKNYA PADA KELANGSUNGAN AKAD PRESPEKTIF HUKUM PERDATA DAN FIQIH EMPAT MADZHAB
Authors: Musthofa Kamal , Laily Alvita Hikmatul
Published: September 2022

Ta'aruf is an effort to explore pre-marital relations between men and women in accordance with Islamic law, where the two prospective unmarried couples are expected to get to know each other, facilitated by intermediaries who know each candidate. The concept of ta'aruf is growing along with the development of the digital era. It is not only facilitated by intermediaries but ta`aruf can also be done online through websites, social media, or application. But the fraud is often occur in ta`aruf online. This research due to know more about the fraud in Muzz as an online ta`aruf app in the world. By using the datas from observation, interview, and documentation then then the researcher annalys and show them descriptively and qualiatatively.

The result of this research show that there are some frauds in this online ta`aruf app; the fraud in name, profession, marriage status, religion, photo, and healty. Based on KHI pasal 72 ayat 2 and pasal 27 ayat 2 undang-undang Nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan (UU perkawinan), all of the frauds can be the reason to cancel the marriage if it brings disadvantages intentionally. But base on Fiqh 4 Madzhab, some of the frauds can be the reasons to cancel the marriage (fasakh nikah) but some of them just make the aim of marriage will be raiched difficultly.
Konsep Perizinan Dalam kaidah Hukum Islam
Authors: Muchlisin Muchlisin
Published: September 2022

Salah satu ruang lingkup Hukum Islam yaitu Perizinan. Masuk kategori hukum publik (Islam) yaitu al-ahkam as-sulthaniyah yang membicarakan tentang soal-soal yang berhubungan dengan kepala negara, pemerintah baik pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah, tentara, pajak, dan sebagainya. Berdasar pada Al-quran dan As Sunnah, sistem hukum Islam menyajikan bentuk keadilan hukum yang tidak terdapat pada sistem hukum yang lain. Namun demikan, tidak serta merta sistem hukum Islam dapat diterimaoleh para ahli hukum, bahkan sebagian menolak dan berusaha mendiskreditkan sistem hukum Islam. Dalam pengurusan perizinan berdasarkan hukum Islam yaitu pada dasarnya diperintahkan untuk taat kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya, yaitu ketaatan terhadap pemimpin.
NUBDZATUL BAYAN SEBAGAI BASIC LEARNING DALAM MEMAHAMI KITAB KUNING DI PESANTREN
Authors: Sinta Dewi , Rozi Fathor , Rizal Syaifur
Published: September 2022

Understanding the yellow book in pesantren tends to be very difficult and tedious. This is due to the complexity of mastering nahwu and sharraf and the methods used in pesantren are still classical methods. This prompted this research to analyze the Nubdhatul Bayan method as Basic Learning in understanding the yellow book in Islamic boarding schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study research in Islamic boarding schools, especially in Ma'had Aly Nurul Jadid through data collection based on in-depth studies on observations, interviews and documentation, while the analysis technique used is data analysis techniques with the air flow model proposed by Miles & Huberman. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Nubdatul Bayan method as basic learning in understanding the yellow book in the tamhid ma'had aly Nurul Jadid class is very effective in facilitating prospective students in mastering the yellow book. The implications of this study make it possible to facilitate and accelerate a prospective mahasantri ma'had aly Nurul Jadid in understanding the yellow book.
MENARIK BENANG MERAH IMPLEMENTASI MERDEKA BELAJAR-KAMPUS MERDEKA DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN DAN UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALAH BANDA ACEH
Authors: Surahman Susilo , Julijanto Muhammad , Hermawan Sulhani
Published: September 2022

On the one hand, independent campuses gave birth to new learning concepts and strengthened cooperation networks with parties outside the university. But on the other hand, the separate campus faces various obstacles in its implementation. This paper aims to explain the implementation of Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) at Medan State University and Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh. This research is a type of field research—data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out descriptively by triangulation. The results showed that Medan State University and Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh applied the same pattern: the learning block model outside higher education, the non-block learning model outside higher education, and the acceleration model. Meanwhile, the obstacle faced by these two universities is the readiness factor.
ONLINE ASSESSMENT PEMBELAJARAN NEO GUIDED INQUIRY BERBASIS LITERASI DAN NUMERASI PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Fuadi Salis Irvan , Mulyani Pamungkas Stiya
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out how the product development process and the online assessment model for Neo Guided Inquiry Learning Based on Literacy and Numeration in Students The specific purpose of this study was to see the response of the development of the Online Assessment of Neo Guided Inquiry Learning Based on Literacy and Numeracy in Students. This research was carried out with a Research and Development design that adopted the Borg & Gall model. The research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method is carried out by measuring using a Likert Scale questionnaire with 4 (Four) Standards and the respondents are students and lecturers, then converted into numerical data to be tabulated. Qualitative methods using observations and questionnaires that aim to be used to find out the needs and inputs of users of products and models and ensure that the learning application process is in accordance with the learning syntax model. Observation directly to get information about obstacles or problems at the time of testing. Sampling planning and instruments that have been validated by three expert validators and adapted to the needs of the data.Keywords: Online Assessment, Neo Guided Inquiry, Literacy, Numeration
IMPLEMENTASI METODE IQRO’ DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH KESULITAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN SISWA MTS NU TMI PUJON KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Fidhyah Nurrohmatul , Ulinnuha Arna , Arif Ma'ruf Rachmad
Published: September 2022

The Qur’an is a way of life for every Muslim, where the Qur’an is the source of all knowledge. Al-Qur’an has a language that is different from everyday language, because of it, the process of learning the Qur’an from an early age is very necessary to be able to read the Qur’an well and correctly. However, today there are still many children have not been able to read the Qur’an well, because many people are more concerned with general science than the science of the Qur’an.This study aims to  find out the implementation of the Iqro’ method to solving problem the difficulty of reading al-Qur’an students of MTs NU TMI Pujon. This research use descriptive qualitative approach with a case study. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation.The results showed that 1) Difficulties in reading al-Qur’an students include: difficulty in pronouncing letters according to their makhorijul huruf, short lengths of reading, upside down in mentioning hijaiyah letters, and not being able to read conjunctions. 2) The implementation of the iqro method 'that is just before the Teaching and Learning Activity starts precisely at 06:30 to 07:00. 3) Obstacles experienced by the process of implementing the iqro method are a lack of teaching staff (so assisted by a some of students to help the implementation of the iqro method) and lack of time.
Makna Kekuasaan Ilahi Kajian Tafsir Surat al-Mulk 1
Authors: Erwanto Dian , Ahid Nur
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Everything that has happened on earth and in the universe is evidence of God's power, so among the problems of faith in God is belief in God's power in His power and will that everything depends, God is omniscient, God is omniscient, God is omnipotent, has absolute power. perfect, this has been stated in the Qur'an in which it explains the greatness of Allah's creation, both theoretically, cause and effect. This study highlights aspects of the meaning of the Koran in the interpretation of Surat al-Mulk about the kingdom of God, the nature of God's power, this research was conducted using a descriptive-analysis-based literature study of the text in the form of verses of the Koran, so that the book itself is used as a source of information. primary. The research results obtained are as follows: First; The format of the interpretation of al-Mulk's letter, both in the dzohir text and behind the meaning, in this interpretation leads to the I'tiqadi interpretation style. Second; Operationalization and logical reasoning on the implications of understanding the nature of God's power and kingdom
Tinjauan Hukum Islam atas Problematika Larangan Perkawinan Beda Suku di Nagari Guguak Malalo Sumatera Barat
Authors: Mahmudi Elva
Published: September 2022

This study examines the practice of prohibiting inter-ethnic marriages in Nagari  Malalo. An ethnographic approach will look at how Islamic law reviews the practice of prohibiting inter-ethnic marriages that occur, and what sanctions are applied to people who violate the prohibition. This type of research is a field research, where to obtain data from the problems studied, the authors conduct observations and in-depth interviews with credible sources determined purposively. The processing of the data obtained is done in a descriptive-qualitative way. As a result, the prohibition of marriage between different ethnic groups, consists of two classifications, namely; (1) prohibition of marriage between different tribes in one Koto and. (2) prohibition of marriage between different ethnic groups between Koto. Meanwhile, Islamic law has explained in detail who is prohibited from marrying. And the prohibition of marriage between different ethnic groups is not part of this provision. However, this does not mean that the prohibition against inter-ethnic marriage is contrary to the rules of syara'. Because the customary prohibition does not cancel the existence of the marriage and the legal consequences of marriage. In fact, the customary prohibition aims to strengthen the friendship within their people so that any problems encountered in the future can become a shared responsibility. Therefore, the custom can be said to be a good custom that needs to be preserved. By syara' it can be categorized as 'Urf Sahih or customary law and can be practiced.
STIGMATIZATION OF SEEKING MENTAL HEALTH CARE: YOUTH PERSPECTIVES FROM PAKISTAN
Authors:   Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE)School of Social Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, Talat Afsheen , Khan Shaheer Ellahi ,   Program Coordinator BS Public Health, Health Services Academy (HSA), Islamabad, Pakistan, Hassan Momna ,   Technical University of Munich,  Munich, Germany
Published: September 2022

Two key objectives of piloting evaluation exercise were, to understand what mental health means to the youth subjects and their relatives, socio-cultural causes in attaining psychiatric treatment, that pose threat to the achievement of life goals, leading to mental illnesses, and determination of the contribution of culture, communal norms and societal pressure in triggering mental illnesses. A pilot study was conducted in a private mental health facility in Islamabad. This study determines the common socio-cultural and domestic factors that lay impediments on the road to acquire psychiatric treatment, and the social stigmas attached to seeking treatment and personal development of the youth. Interview and Observation methods were used to get detailed data for the piloting exercise. The Interviews with the Participants were recorded, transcribed and translated; notes from the participant observation were recorded to deduct relevant themes encapsulating viewpoints of the participants regarding piloting research study. Keywords: Mental Illnesses, Social Stigmas, Psychiatric Treatment, Peer pressure, Communal norms, Social Expectations.
PRACTICE OF POLYGAMY IN 19TH COLONIAL MUSLIM FAMILIES: SOCIO-CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF URDU NOVEL FASANA -I-MUBTALA
Authors:   History Department, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Pakistan, Hina Gull-i- , Haq Inam Ul ,   Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Sohail Tayyaba ,   Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: September 2022

Using the qualitative textual analysis approach, this study seeks to explicate that in novel Fasana Mubtala, Nazir Ahmed criticized the system of polygamy and its results specifically focusing at how a man invited a number of problems by the second marriage. He not only destroys his home but also becomes restless. He also eludes those circumstances in which Islam permitted four marriages were different and such practice cannot be adopted as a hobby; he also explained that with the second marriage not only women suffer but men also undergo immense problems. He ended his novel with the death of the hero because of problems emanating from the second marriage. Keywords: Patriarchy, polygamy, 19th Century colonial India, family, Ashrafia, Urdu Novel.
UNIFICATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (CG) MODEL IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND BREXIT: AN ANALYTICAL VIEW
Authors:   Bahria University Law School, Bahria University, Islamabad Pakistan, Rana Afrasiab Ahmed , Ali Abbas ,   Department of Islamic Studies, GIFT University, Gujranwala Pakistan, Hussain Zeeshan ,   Women's Parliamentary Caucus, National Assembly, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The aim of this research is to explore the necessity of a uniform corporate governance (model for the EU region. It attempts to examine the current challenges as well as the current CG paradigm. This study focuses on identifying the actions taken to implement CG reforms in the EU region. It identifies the problems that businesses face as a result of the lack of appropriate legislation. This book covers the experts' perspectives on the harmonization of the CG structure, both for and against. It examines the post-Brexit environment for company structures, focusing on the EU and the UK. This research explores and highlights the future of Brexit and CG procedures. The research comprises of the two section. The first section discusses the characteristics of the CG model and its unified framework. This is an important aspect of the question. It includes information on unified CG such as its definition, sources, types, key features, historical reform initiatives and expert commentary on the coherent and coordinated legal framework for CG in the European region. The last section explores the role of Brexit in CG in the EU. This section also includes some analytical lines on the effects of Brexit on future corporate operations and investor organisations. Keywords: Unification, corporate governance, EU, Brexit.
TRADITIONAL PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION CONDITIONS IN SOUTH PUNJAB PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Pakistan, Ullah Saif , Manj Yasir Nawaz ,   Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Pakistan, Imran Muhammad ,   Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The water for irrigation and for the purpose of drinking need some sort of problems identified through this research study. Pakistan is an agriculture-based country, the Water and Sanitation is increasing issue of the population, donors are doing a good deal to facilitate the problem but still there are constraints the administrative and at management level on behalf of Government and Non-governmental Organization (NGOs). New developments in the cities are affecting the water and situation conditions and causing more economic burden on Government and to meet increasing demands of ever-increasing private working investors as well as rural and urban conditions of the water and sanitation need technical management to improve it ever increasing population. Keywords: water sanitation, Drinking water, South Punjab, Pakistan.
PERCEIVED MASCULINITIES AND TRANSITION TO FATHERHOOD: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON OPINIONS OF MEN IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Haq Inam ul , Usman Ahmed ,   Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan, Ishaq Muhammad ,   Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
Published: September 2022

Masculinity is a much-neglected topic in society, even in times as progressive as today. Moreover, we see that there is continuous consolidation of womanhood as motherhood as, for a man, it stays at being masculine. There are almost no studies that discuss the challenges and struggles, even the delights and joys, faced and felt by fathers. It is observed that the transition to fatherhood is not always smooth. While some men may not feel the pressure and welcome this new phase with an optimistic outlook, a lot of men still do fall prey to stress and overwhelming emotions. This cycle of fatherhood stays in conflict with the conception of masculinity which as a result creates an addlepated personality. The aim of this study is to identify and highlight these conflicting factors to better understand the situation that men go through when transitioning to fatherhood, how it affects their masculinity, and the stereotypes attached to these phases. To do justice to such a deeply enrooted issue, the qualitative research method using semi-structured interviews with a scattered selection of masculinities via purposively selected ten fathers having at least one child of age 5-7 was done by the researcher. This study is for the men who think their emotions and thoughts are unparalleled and unjustified. Keywords: Masculinity, fatherhood, fathers, transition, Lahore.
Estimation of Ibrutinib in Dosage Form and in Bulk Drug by UV Spectrophotometric and Colorimetry Methods
Authors: Sultana Sheemaz , T. Havannavar Nirmal. , Fathima Husnain
Published: September 2022

A simple, sensitive, accurate, rapid and economical Spectrophotometric and colorimetric methods was developed for estimation of Ibrutinib in pure drug and tablet dosage form. The absorbance was measured at 248nm and 552nm using ethanol as solvent system. It obeyed Beer’s law at the concentration range of 2-14µg/ml and 1-5µg/ml with coefficient of correlation (r2) of 0.998 and 0.996. Limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 1.226µg/ml and1.000µg/ml Limit of quantitation (LOQ) was found to be 5.226µg/ml and 2.760µg/ml. The proposed analytical methods were validated according to ICH guidelines, yielded good results concerning range, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness and ruggedness.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Alprazolam in Pure and Pharmaceutical Forms using Triphenyl Methane Dyes
Authors: Nandu V. , Veeraiah T.
Published: September 2022

Three simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods have been described for the assay of Alprazolam either in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations. The developed methods involve formation of coloured chloroform extractable ion-pair complexes of the drug with bromothymol blue (BTB), bromophenol blue (BPB) and bromocresol green (BCG) in acidic medium. The extracted complexes showed absorbance maxima at 410, 408 and 405nm with use of the cited reagents, respectively. The stoichiometry of the complex is found to be 1:1 in each case. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 3.0-25, 4.0-30, and 4.5-40μg/ml with BTB, BPB and BCG respectively. The effect of concentration of dye, pH, and interference of excipients have been studied and optimized. The limits of detection and quantification have been determined for three methods. All the three methods have been validated as per the guidelines of ICH. The methods have been applied to the determination of drug in commercial tablets and results of analysis were validated statistically through recovery studies.
Electroorganic Synthesis of Copper and Zinc Complexes with Novel Ligand Oxalic Acid
Authors: Gorai Shreya , Alam M. , Gorai B. H
Published: September 2022

A convenient electroorganic synthesis of divalent metal complexes of empirical formulation [ML2] (M (II) = Cu and Zn; L= oxalic acid) were synthesized at sacrificial metal electrode anode. The metal, as the anode in an undivided cell, is oxidized in the presence of the parent compound of the ligand (HL) in an organic solvent mixture. Gram quantities of complex can be produced in a few hours. Complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, Infrared spectral data, Atomic Absorption spectroscopy and thermal spectral data. The geometrical structure of the synthesized complexes has been identified.
Ab initio Calculations of Structural and Electronic Properties of Pt3 and Cu3 clusters adsorbed on ZnO(000 ̅1)
Authors: Benkrima Yamina , Souigat Abdelkader , Chaouche Yassine , Korichi Zineb , Elbar Soudani Mohammed , Belfar Assia
Published: September 2022

This search paper is focus on the investigation of the most stability structures of Pt3 and Cu3 clusters adsorbed on ZnO (000 ̅1) surfaces in the Wurtzite stable structure. The results are obtained by using the Density Function Theory (DFT). All the calculations are performed using the Gradient Generalized Approximation to describe the exchange correlation term in SIESTA code. From this work we found new structures of Pt3 and Cu3 clusters with lowest energy. Also we have calculated the binding energy, relaxation interlayer for each cluster, bond lengths, vertical ionization potential PIv and the density of states DOS. Through the results we found that the Pt3 cluster is more stable than Cu3 cluster and confirmed by the DOS, in the other hand the ZnO-O surface is more stable than ZnO-Zn surface. The computed electron structure and DOS illustrate that the Pt3/ZnO and Cu3/ZnO clusters adsorbed on ZnO-O surfaces display metallic characteristics.
1973 Ramazan / Yom Kippur Savaşı ve Orta Doğu
Authors: KILLIOĞLU Mehmet Erkan
Published: September 2022

İsrail’in 1948 yılında Filistin toprakları üzerinde bir devlet olarak ortaya çıkması ile 20.yüzyıl Ortadoğu tarihinin en dramatik ve sorunlu safhalarından biri başlamıştır. Bunun sonucunda da 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına gerek bölge gerekse de Dünya siyasetini derinden etkileyen en az üç büyük savaş sığdırılmıştır. 1948 yılında uluslararası ortama katılımından bu yana çevresindeki ülkeler ile anlaşmazlık ve çatışma halinde olan İsrail, bu yüzden dış politika ve savunma alanında herşeyi güvenlikleştirmiştir. İşte bu çalışmada incelenecek olan 1973 Ramazan/Yom Kippur Savaşı Ortadoğu’nun görünüşünü değiştiren o üç büyük savaştan biridir. O dönemde dünya siyasi ve ekonomik ortamına da ciddi derecede etki etmiştir. İsrail dış politikasında ortaya çıkan bu durumun kaynağında, varlığı daimî kabul edilen yaşamsal tehdit algısı ve düşmanlarla çevrili bir bölgede yeni kurulan bir devlet olma durumunun olduğu görülmektedir. Bu anlayışın kısmen değişmesi ve sürecin daha sistematik bir biçime dönüşmesi için uzun süre beklenmesi gerekmiştir. İşte Yom Kippur Savaşı ve savaş sonrasında ortaya çıkan durum bu dönüşümü hızlandırmıştır. Gerek İsrail’in gerekse de Arap dünyasının kendisine olan bakışını değiştirmiş, o zamana kadar genel kabul görür hale gelen bazı mitlerin de yıkılmasına neden olmuştur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında, Yom Kippur Savaşı sonrasında ortaya çıkan siyasi ve askeri kırılmanın sadece İsrail tarafında değil, Arap ülkeleri tarafında da var olduğu görülmektedir. Bu da Yom Kippur Savaşı’nı bölge ve dünya siyaseti açısından önemli hale getirmektedir.
Preparing Preservice Teachers by Building Content and Pedagogical Knowledge of Integrating Technologies
Authors: Morgan Patrice
Published: September 2022

After the declaration of Covid-19 outbreak in March 2020, the system of education changed from traditional field experiences to virtual environment of online learning. As per the need of time, this paper discusses the methods of online learning that learners and educators use to keep up with the flow of education. With the complete incorporation of technology in the educating system, the challenges and training support provided to preservice and in-service teachers is the vital essence to deliver beneficial impacts. However, delivering education with proper expertise in specialized software such as Google Classrooms, Zoom, TV school, online portals, Microsoft teams, and different social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Youtube, also requires learning materials to excel in terms of quality and accessibility. Hence, preservice teachers are being assisted by online forums, webinars, courses, and even degree programs to learn and develop their careers in a virtual context to prepare for their futures.  Current research was conducted with over forty preservice teacher respondents which was consistent with a previous study of over one hundred pre service teacher participants. This article aims to highlight the current pandemic scenario and its impacts on the educational sector in the preservice teacher education programs and to discuss methods and measures currently in use to promote the technological way of learning and how the trainers are affected by it.
ON THE CONVERGENCE OF THE SIXTH ORDER HOMEIER LIKE METHOD IN BANACH SPACES
Authors: P B Suma , SHOBHA M. E. , GEORGE Santhosh
Published: September 2022

A sixth order Homeier-like method is introduced for approximating a solution of the non-linear equation in Banach space. Assumptions only on first and second derivatives are used to obtain a sixth order convergence. Our proof does not depend on Taylor series expansions as in the earlier studies for the similar methods.
Sindrome infiammatoria multisistemica: caratteristiche genetiche e cliniche in pazienti pediatrici del Medio Oriente
Authors: De Brasi Daniele
Published: September 2022

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome: genetic and clinical characteristics in middle east pediatric patients Clinical, genetic and laboratory characteristics of Middle Eastern patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) are not yet defined, this cohort study of 45 patients affected by MIS-C, mainly of Arab and of Asian origin, allows to define the genetic contribution to this disease. In the patients analyzed, a concentration of rare and probably pathogenic genetic variants of immune-related genes was found, and a possible association between genetic results, onset of MIS-C and resistance to treatment was also scored. Significant dysregulation of inflammatory markers was found in all patients analyzed, while mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations were found in 36 patients (80%), cardiac alterations in 22 (48.9%), neurological manifestations in 14 (31.1%). Genetic alterations in immune-related genes, including TLR3, TLR6, IL22RA2, IFNB1, and IFNA6, were identified in 19 patients (42.2%), with a significant difference with the control group (29 vs 3, P = <0.001). Patients with these variants tend to have an earlier onset of disease than controls (7 patients [36.8%] with genetic variants were 3 years younger at onset than 2 patients [7.7%] without genetic variants) and more resistance to treatment (8 patients [42.1%] with genetic variants who received 2 doses of intravenous immunoglobulins, compared to 3 patients [11.5%] with no evidence of genetic variants). The results of the study suggest that rare and probably deleterious genetic variants may play a role in MIS-C. This paves the way for further studies on larger and more diverse populations to fully characterize the contribution of genetics to this novel pathological entity.
Le emergenze sanitarie a scuola: come prepararsi e come rispondere. Le indicazioni dell’AAP
Authors: Valletta Enrico
Published: September 2022

Health emergencies at school: how to prepare and how to respond. Indications of the AAP A health emergency during school hours is a possible eventuality and particularly feared by staff who do not always feel adequately informed and trained to cope. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has released a document that examines possible critical issues and sets out guidelines to improve forecasting and response capabilities through close collaboration between territorial health services and the school world. The subject dealt with can also be a good argument for reflection in our context.
Immunoterapia orale per arachide, da piccoli è meglio. I risultati di un RCT
Authors: Gruppo di lettura di Milano
Published: September 2022

Oral immunotherapy for peanut, better as a child; results of an RCT Oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut allergy is to date considered experimental, although numerous experiences have documented its protective efficacy to the risk of severe reaction in case of accidental exposure by increasing the tolerance threshold. In some cases, upon discontinuation of treatment it has been possible to maintain this result for a short period. This randomized trial included 146 peanut-allergic children under 4 years of age in a 134-week continued oral immunotherapy treatment. The children underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled triggering test (DBPCFC) at enrollment (cumulative dose up to 500 mg), at week 134 of therapy, and 26 weeks after discontinuation of OIT (cumulative dose up to 5.000 mg). Oral immunotherapy induced desensitization in the majority (71%) of treated children and remission in a smaller part (21%), especially in the youngest ones with lower specific IgE levels at the beginning of treatment. Although most children had dose reactions during OIT, the majority were mild - moderate reactions and adrenaline was given to 21 participants for 35 OIT reactions over 134 weeks at daily dosage.
Comparative Analysis of Role of Vitamin E and Iron Supplementation for Weight Loss in Young Adult Obese Females with Controlled Diet of 1500 Calories
Authors: Yaseen Sumetha , Iqbal Rubina , Jahangir Memoona , Arshad Samia , Haq Noor Ul , Asif Aiman , Salahuddin Zari
Published: September 2022

Background: Obesity has become a major health issue in the world over past two decades. . This leads us to the need of immense exploration of life style modification options, dietary supplementation and weight loss friendly elements. Aim: Our study aims to highlight the comparative analysis of independent supplementation of vitamin E and iron to young adult females for their weight loss regime. Methods: 90 young adult non pregnant females of age between 25-39 years with BMI ranging between 30-34.9 (obese) were asked to take a fixed 1500 calorie diet for two months. They were divided into three groups with no supplement group, vitamin E group and iron group. Body mass index(BMI), LDL levels and prevalence of fatty liver was assessed among all individuals. Results: vitamin E and iron supplementation reduced BMI in their respective groups. Vitamin e and iron supplementation also reduce the prevalence of fatty liver among groups. Vitamin E reduces serum LDL levels. Conclusion: vitamin E and iron supplementation helps in weight loss. Keywords: obesity, vitamin E, iron, weight loss
Compare the Outcomes of Laparotomy Versus Laparostomy Tube in Neonates Presented with Pneumoperitoneum
Authors: Pandit Gauri Shankar , Pandit Ranjana  Kumari , Mahmood Faisal , Burki Nahida , Abbassi Rija Nawaz , Zahra Fatima Al , Iqbal Asad , Akhtar Nadeem
Published: September 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of laparotomy versuslaparostomy tube in neonates presented with pneumoperitoneum. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Children Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences PIMS Islamabad. Jan 2021-Dec 2021 Methods: There were 130 neonates of both genders were presented in this study. All the included neonates had pneumoperitoneum and admitted for surgery of abdomen. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients were equally divided in two groups. Group A received laparotomy among 65 patients and group B received laparostomy tube (conservative management) among 65 patients. Outcomes among both groups were assessed and compared in terms of efficacy, hospital stay, complications and pain score by visual analog score. Results: Majority of the neonates were males 78 (60%) and 52 (40%) neonates were females. Most common symptom was abdominal and scrotal distension, followed by vomiting, cyanosis, respiratory distress and tachypnea.Efficacy of group B was found among 55 (84.6%) cases, 6 cases required laparotomy and 4 patients were died because of sepsis. Hospital stay was lower in group B 3.9±10.74 days as compared to group A 6.2±11.41 days. Post-operative lower pain score was observed in group B 0.9±1.66 as compared to group A 4.2± 2.53. Complications were also higher in group A found in 10 (15.4%) cases as compared to group B in 4 (6.2%) cases. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that use of laparostomy tube among neonates with pneumoperitoneum was equally affective and useful in terms of success rate while hospital stay, and complications were lower as compared to laparotomy group. Keywords: Pneumoperitoneum, Hospital stay, Laparotomy, Laparostomy tube, Complications, Pain Score
Expression of P16 in Various Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar
Authors: Ali Karishma , Alam Sadaf , Khan Muhammad Mumtaz , Kamran Natasha , Zia Sara , Bakhtiar Shabana , Ali Sikandar , Ali Fatima , Ullah Irfan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Oral squamous carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the ten most common carcinomas in the world. The survival rate of OSSC is poor due to its diagnosis at advanced stages, The main function of p16 in the body is to halt the tumor process, but genetic mutation may result in the development of OSCC. Objectives: The aim and objective was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of p16 in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective comparative cross-sectional (Analytical) study. It was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College from August 2020 to August 2021. The sample size was calculated through G Power and 103 patients were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi-Square test was performed for categorical variables. Results: It was observed in our study that the mean age of OSCC was 59.16 ± 13 SD. The commonest effected age was 61-70 years (29%). The male to female ratio was approximately 1.2:1. The most common site involved by OSCC was buccal mucosa (n=49, 47%) followed by the tongue (n = 29, 29%). The p16 expression was positive in most OSCC were well differentiated (n=50, 92.5%), followed by moderately differentiated cases (n=26, 92.8%) and poorly differentiated (n=81, cases, 85.7%). There was no significant difference for p16 expression and grades of OSCC cases (P- value =0.601). Conclusion: The expression of p16 was more common in Well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma, followed by moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC. Keywords: Oral Squamous cell carcinoma, P16, Human Papillomavirus
Expression of CD3 Levels of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) in Various Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar
Authors: Kamran Natasha , Alam Sadaf , Nasir Sabeen , Ali Karishma , Bakhtiar Shabana , Khurshid Arooj , Ullah Irfan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma occurs late in the disease. Poor prognosis of the patient is directly correlated with the occurrence of metastatic lesions. Lymphocytes that have invaded tumors significantly influence how well cancers respond to treatment. Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of CD3 TILs receptor in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective comparative cross sectional (Analytical) study. It was conducted at Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College from August 2020 to August 2021. Sample size was calculated through G Power and 104 patients were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi Square test was performed for categorical variables. Results: It was observed in our study that the mean age of OSCC was 59.16 ± 13.549 SD. Half of the cases were > 60 years (n= 52, 50%) and half of the cases were < 60 years (n= 52, 50%). The male to female ratio was approximately 2:1. The most common site involved by OSCC was buccal mucosa (n=39, 37.5 %) followed by tongue (n = 31, 29.8 %). Most OSCC were well differentiated (n=54, 51.9%), followed by moderately differentiated cases (n=29, 27.9%) and poorly differentiated (n=21 cases, 20.2 %). The p value hence showed a significant difference for intratumoral and intrastromal CD3 TILs expression and grades of OSCC cases (P- value <0.0001). Conclusion: Well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma has the highest CD3 TILs level, followed by moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC. Keywords: Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Tumor Microenvironment, CD3, Immunohistochemistry
Evaluation of Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatitis B Virus infection in Drug Abusers
Authors: Mahmood Fawad , Babar Nazish , Ali Yasir , Kousar Khalida , Ahmed Salman , Khan Zahid Ullah
Published: September 2022

Background: Pakistan is one of the world’s uppermost burdens of hepatitis C and B. Our research will assist to enhance and update preventative and treatment methods across the country. Methods: We screened 408 drug abusers for HBV and HCV in the medical and public health literature from study 1 June 2021 to 31 December 2021 on oral and injection drug users from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Mardan District, Pakistan to evaluate the frequency of hepatitis B and C. Results: Out of 408 half of the individuals were screened for HCV-specific antibodies 204 and 204 for HBV surface antigen by a one-step rapid immune-chromatographic test. For all those who were screened for HCV antibodies, 171 individuals were negative and 30 individuals were positive and 14 % prevalence was observed in drug-addicted individuals. All those were screened for HBV surface antigen 161 individuals were negative and 43 % individuals were positive and 21 % prevalence was observed in drug addicted individuals. According to Age –wise distribution the high prevalence was found between 17-30 years Age 57 % and then followed by the 31-45 years age group having 28 % and the lowest HBV infection was observed in above 45 years Age group was only 15 %. Among HBV 43 positive individuals 70 % were drug abusers while the rest 30 % were oral drug users. In HCV 30 positive individuals 76 % were drug abusers while the rest 23 % were oral drug users. Among drug abusers, an injection drug user infectivity rate of 72 % was high as compared to oral drug abusers' 28 %. Conclusions: Our findings show that the prevalence of HCV and HBV is much higher among IDUs than in the overall population of Pakistan. Injecting drug users are at high risk of HBV and HCV infection transmission, and they can transfer diseases to the community through risky behavior such as syringe exchange and unsafe sex. As a result, various levels of prophylaxis are necessary for these fatal illnesses. Keywords: Drug abuser, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Pakistan.