bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Задачи логики смысла
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Smirnov Andrey V.
Published: January 2023

Short, middle and long-term objectives for the logic of sense are outlined. The short-term objective is, firstly, to sketch the logic-and-meaning map of the four big cultures of hu­mankind (European, Arab-Muslim, South Asian and Far Eastern) producing the first de­scription of the logics of sense manifold. This description will outline that variant of (1) power of judgment, (2) basic (indefinable) categories of the theoretical (philosophi­cal included) discourse and (3) basic logical regulative principles that underlies that spe­cific big culture and defines its “morphology” (Spengler) and all the stages of its epis­temic chain (the most important of them being perception, speech and thought). Sec­ondly, we need to sketch the logic-and-meaning map for the individual consciousness which is basically open to all possible kinds of the logic of sense, elaborating on the line of psychological studies developed by V.K. Solondaev. Thirdly, it is especially promising to discover the neural network parallels for the logic-and-meaning regularities of human consciousness activity and to map them. The three maps superposition is likely to suggest new interesting conclusions. The middle term objective is to develop the cognitive history of philosophy as an antipode to the analytic history of philosophy. The cognitive history of philosophy will study the development of philosophy in the big cultures and their sub­cultures as defined by the basic toolkit provided by the concrete variant of the logic of sense (that is, the variant of the power of judgment and of the set of basic categories and logical principles). The cognitive history of philosophy approaches the philosophical tra­ditions of every big culture as, firstly, independent and irreducible to the philosophical discourse in any other big culture, and, secondly, as embedded in the system of that big culture and organically belonging to it. The long term objective is to make logic of sense and the cognitive history of philosophy converge to arrive at the cognitive phi­losophy which will discover the freedom of sense positing by virtue of mastering its regularities in full. The ‘cognitive philosophy’ is another name for the logic of sense in its completeness.
On the origins of logical pluralism
Authors:   nstitute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shalack Vladimir I.
Published: January 2023

The article presents a brief analysis of how the existence of various logics became possi­ble. This is shown on the example of such well-known logical theories as syllogistics, temporal, multivalued, intuitionistic, paraconsistent and quantum logics. Each of them arose not on someone’s whim, but to solve specific problems. They are based on the most general ontological assumptions about the subject area under study. In formal logic onto­logical assumptions are refined in the concept of a model structure. Since it is impossible to talk about logic in isolation from the language used, the most general epistemic as­sumptions about the nature of the relationship of linguistic expressions to those objects of extralinguistic reality that they represent are also accepted. One of the most important of these relationships is the concept of the truth of sentences, which was first formulated by Plato and Aristotle. Taking certain ontological and epistemic assumptions depending on the problem being solved, we obtain different logics. Process logic is primarily char­acterized by special ontological assumptions that are fundamentally different from the as­sumptions of other currently existing logics. The ontology of processes is an ontology of developing processes, not things. Historically, it was most vividly described in the writings of Heraclitus. In the overwhelming majority of modern approaches to the de­scription of processes, we see attempts to reduce them to sequences of states, which de­values the very concept of a process, just as a cinematic picture of the flow of time deval­ues the concept of time. Since logics are built on the basis of various ontological and epistemic assumptions, they are inherently theories of these accepted assumptions, and not universal reasoning tools that don’t depend on the characteristics of the study area and the categories of linguistic expressions. Universal logic is possible if one rises from the level of specific languages to a higher level of sign theory.
Spatial transcriptomics for profiling the tropism of viral vectors in tissues
Authors: Jang Min , Coughlin Gerard , Jackson Cameron , Chen Xinhong , Chuapoco Miguel , Vendemiatti Julia , Wang Alexander , Gradinaru Viviana
Published: January 2023

A barrier to advancing engineered adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) for precision access to cell subtypes is a lack of high-throughput, high-resolution assays to characterize in vivo transduction profiles. We developed an ultrasensitive, sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (USeqFISH) method for spatial transcriptomic profiling of endogenous and viral RNA with a short barcode in intact tissue volumes by integrating hydrogel-based tissue clearing, enhanced signal amplification, and multiplexing using sequential labeling. Using USeqFISH, we investigate the transduction and cell-subtype tropisms across mouse brain regions of six systemic AAVs, including AAV-PHP.AX, a new variant that transduces robustly and efficiently across neurons and astrocytes. We reveal distinct cell-subtype biases of each AAV variant, including a bias of AAV-PHP.N toward excitatory neurons. USeqFISH also enables profiling of pooled regulatory cargos, as we show for a 13-variant pool of microRNA target sites in AAV genomes. Lastly, we demonstrate potential applications of USeqFISH for in situ AAV profiling and multimodal single-cell analysis in non-human primates.
Preterm Birth and Early Life Environmental Factors: Neuropsychological Profiles at Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Authors: de Gamarra Lexuri Fernández , Zubiaurre-Elorza Leire , Gómez-Gastiasoro Ainara , Molins-Sauri Marta , Loureiro Begoña , Peña Javier , García-Guerrero María Acebo , Ibarretxe-Bilbao Naroa , Bruna Olga , Junqué Carme , Macaya Alfons , Poca Maria A. , Ojeda Natalia
Published: January 2023

Background

There is a lack of knowledge about whether preterm birth might lead to a greater susceptibility to early life environmental factors. The aim of this study was to establish the neuropsychological profiles in high- and low-risk preterm samples during adolescence and young adulthood and to assess the potential role of early life environmental factors in cognitive outcomes.

Materials and methods

Participants (N = 177; Mage=20.11 years) of both sexes were evaluated: 30 high-risk preterm, 83 low-risk preterm, and 64 full-term adolescents and young adults.

Results

Significant differences were found in several cognitive domains among groups. Further, familial socioeconomic status (SES) moderated the relation between the degree of maturity/immaturity at birth and cognition (F(5,171) = 11.94, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.26).

Discussion

The findings showed different neuropsychological profiles during adolescence and young adulthood, with the high-risk preterm sample reporting lower values. Additionally, high familial SES background in this study seems to have a protective effect on cognition.
Structure and Organizing of Home-Based Care for Older Adults in Different Countries: Scoping Review
Authors: Mobasseri Khorshid , Matlabi Hossein , Allahverdipour Hamid , Pashazadeh Fariba , Kousha Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Background
Demographic changes, growing long-term living costs, personal preferences, and policies encouraging aging in place have increased the importance of home-based long term care (LTC). It seems that sharing the experiences of leading countries will help to provide effective system. As a result, this review aims to explain the structure of home-based LTC for older adults in different countries.
Methods
A scoping review was performed for literature on home-based care for older adults published in English, using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of sciences, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases and other sources of information to identify grey literature. We classified the acquired data in the domains of Governing; LTC, eligibility and financing; Benefits; marketization and free choice system; Workforce training, and Quality assurance of care. This scoping review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews.
Results
Overall, 44 documents out of 4072 studies were included in the final analysis, which contained related to data from 23 countries. Each study covers some domains of home care (HC), and some other studies are linked to comparing these domains in some Asian and European countries. Among Asian countries, Japan and South Korea were pioneers in HC. Limited studies were found on workforce training and HC structure changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other components of HC were frequently discussed in all countries. The regulation makes authorities organize high-quality care. Central government and ministries set the legal framework, and municipalities are autonomous in determining kind of strategies, and the principles of providing HC services and financing. Older adults are usually eligible to receive services based on their level of need or assets. Cash and in-kind benefits are given to older adults, depending on their choice. Financing is also done using insurance, taxes, or privately. Some countries have made training caregivers and quality assessment of services mandatory, but some countries do not have specific guidelines.
Conclusion
The results of this study can guide policymakers in designing an organized home care system to increase the quality of services and satisfaction level of the beneficiaries while simultaneously reducing the health system's costs.
Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures Peculiarity and Photocatalytic Activity for the Efficient Elimination of the Organic Pollutant
Authors: Jamwal Deepika , Mutreja Vishal , . Rahul , Mehta Surinder Kumar , Katoch Akash , Kim Sang Sub
Published: January 2023

For the first time, the effect of gemini based twin-tail and conventional surfactant on tungsten oxide nanostructures and their efficacy for the elimination of the organic pollutant is studied. The tungsten oxide nanostructures were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route in the presence of C14TAB and gemini based twin-tail surfactant. The impact of using these special shape and size directing agents for the synthesis of nanostructures was observed in the form of different shapes and sizes. The tungsten oxide web of chains type nanostructure was obtained using C14TAB in comparison to the cube shaped nanoparticles through twin-tail surfactant. On contrary, the twin-tail surfactant provides sustainable and controlled growth of cube shape nanoparticles of size ~ 15 nm nearly half of the size ~ 35 nm obtained using conventional surfactant C14TAB, respectively. For the detailed structural features, the Williamson-Hall analysis method was implemented to find out the crystalline size and lattice strain of the prepared nanostructures. Owing to the strong quantum confinement effect, the WO3 cube shaped nanoparticles with an optical band gap of 2.69 eV of the prepared nanoparticles showed excellent photocatalytic efficacy toward organic pollutant (Fast green FCF) compared to the web of chain nanostructures with an optical band gap of 2.66 eV. The mechanism has been discussed in detail in the respective section. The ability of the prepared systems to decompose the organic pollutant (Fast green FCF) in water was tested under visible light irradiations. The percentage degradation was found to be 94% and 86% for WO3 cube shaped nanoparticles and WO3 web of chains, respectively. The simplicity of the fabrication method and the high photocatalytic performance of the systems can be promising in environmental applications to treat water pollution.
Evaluation of surgical outcomes in elderly patients with rib fractures: a single-centre propensity score matching study
Authors: Zhang Dong , Jiao Chenbo , Xi Siqi , Wang Langran , Li Run , Zhang Qiang
Published: January 2023

Rib fractures are the most common injuries in chest trauma. Compared with younger patients, elderly patients with rib fracture have a higher incidence of complications and mortality. We performed a retrospective analysis of 703 elderly patients with rib fractures treated in the Thoracic Surgery Department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between 2013 and 2020. We investigated the effect of surgical stabilization of rib fracture (SSRF) on the outcome of rib fracture using a 1:1 propensity score matching method. The study included 121 surgical patients who received SSRF and 121 control patients who received conservative treatment. The length of hospital stay in the surgery group was significantly longer than that in the conservative group (P = 0.000), while the length of ICU stay (P = 0.222), length of mechanical ventilation (P = 0.231), and the mortality rate (P = 0.175) were not significantly different between the two groups. After 9 months of follow-up, the fracture healing rate in the surgery group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.020). The fracture healing time (P = 0.000), improvement in pain score (P = 0.000) and duration of pain medication use (P = 0.000) were also significantly better in the surgery group than in the control group. Compared with conservative treatment, surgical treatment can prolong hospital stay to some extent. However, it has the advantages of more rapid healing and lessened pain. For rib fractures in elderly individuals, surgical treatment does not significantly increase mortality when applied under strict surgical indications and is recommended.
Real-world treatment patterns in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in the Netherlands based on medication dispensing data
Authors: Hoefsloot W , Dacheva E , Laan R van der , Krol M , Ingen J van , Obradovic M
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Real-world data on antibiotic management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is limited for many countries. This study aimed to evaluate real-world treatment practices of NTM-LD in the Netherlands using medication dispensing data.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal real-world study was conducted using IQVIA’s Dutch pharmaceutical dispensing database. The data are collected monthly and include approximately 70% of all outpatient prescriptions in the Netherlands. Patients initiated on specific NTM-LD treatment regimens between October 2015 and September 2020 were included. The main areas of investigation were initial treatment regimens, persistence on treatment, treatment switching, treatment compliance in terms of medication possession rate (MPR) and restarts of treatment.
Results: The database included 465 unique patients initiated on triple- or dual-drug regimens for the treatment of NTM-LD. Treatment switches were common and occurred approximately 1.6 per quarter throughout the treatment period. The average MPR of patients initiated on triple-drug therapy was 90%. The median time on therapy for these patients was 119 days; after six months and one year, 47% and 20% of the patients, respectively, were still on antibiotic therapy. Of 187 patients initiated on triple-drug therapy, 33 (18%) patients restarted antibiotic therapy after the initial treatment had been stopped.
Conclusion: When on therapy, patients were compliant with the NTM-LD treatment; however, many patients stopped their therapy prematurely, treatment switches often occurred, and part of patients had to restart their therapy after a longer treatment gap. NTM-LD management should be improved through greater guideline adherence and appropriate involvement of expert centers.
Valvulogenesis of A “Living”, Innervated Pulmonary Root Induced By An Acellular Scaffold
Authors: Yacoub Magdi , Tseng Yuan-Tsan , Kluin Jolanda , Vis Annemijn , Stock Ulrich , Smail Hassiba , Sarathchandra Padmini , Aikawa Elena , El-Nashar Hussam , Chester Adrian , Shehata Nairouz , Nagy Mohamed , El-sawy Amr , Burriesci Gaetano , Salmonsmith Jacob , Romeih Soha , Latif Najma
Published: January 2023

Heart valve disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide with no effective medical therapy and no ideal valve substitute emulating the extremely sophisticated functions of a living heart valve. These functions influence survival and quality of life. This has stimulated extensive attempts at tissue engineering “living” heart valves. These attempts utilised combinations of allogeneic or autologous cells and biological or synthetic scaffolds with practical, regulatory and ethical issues. In situ regeneration depends on scaffolds that attract, house and instruct cells and promote connective tissue formation. However, there is still no agreement about what constitutes the optimal replacement valve. We, here, describe a surgical, tissue-engineered, anatomically precise, off-the-shelf, acellular, synthetic scaffold inducing a unique rapid process of morphogenesis involving relevant cell types, extracellular matrix, regulatory elements including nerves and humoral components. This process relies on specific material characteristics, design and “morphodynamism”.
Genome-Wide Identification of Halogenated acid dehalogenase Genes in Medicago
Authors: Lin ya , Cai Yu , Zhou Shuangshuang , Wang Jiayu , Feng Qin , Zhang Qingwei
Published: January 2023

Halogenated acid dehalogenases (HADs) hydrolyze a variety of organic phosphate substrates. They have been shown to play important roles in various physiological processes (e.g. phosphorus metabolism and stress tolerance) by few studies. In this study, 24 and 29 HAD proteins were identified in Medicago truncatula and M. sativa, respectively. Conserved motif analysis showed that most HAD proteins contain acyltransferases and phosphatase domains, and all HAD proteins have a common conserved motif (DXD). Gene duplication analysis showed that tandem duplication is the main driver of HAD gene evolution with intense purification pressure. Moreover, cis-acting element analysis for promoter region implied that HAD gene expression in Medicago is closely related to phytohormones, light, and various stresses. Available transcription data revealed that specific HAD genes were highly expressed in leaf, flower and mature seed. HAD genes responding to phosphorus deficiency, low temperature, high temperature, dehydration and salt stress were found. Meanwhile, members of HADs that may be involved in nodule organogenesis and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were identified. These results provide a basis for further functional studies of the HAD gene family and potential applications for genetic improvement in the context of stress and plant-microbe interactions.
The association between genetic variation and preprandial and postprandial digestive responses to a meat meal in healthy young men: A pilot study
Authors: Brown Julie. E. , Burden Hannah , Pham Toan , Braakhuis Andrea. J.
Published: January 2023

Background: An elevated postprandial glycaemic and related physiological response is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. Several factors, including genetics, may influence interpersonal differences in preprandial baseline markers and postprandial meal responses. This study examined the association between genetic variation and physiological outcomes during the preprandial and postprandial digestive responses in thirty healthy young men.
Methods: In this experimental study, thirty healthy men aged 20–34 consumed a standardised breakfast meal. Blood samples were collected before the meal and hourly for 4 hours after the meal to assess lipids and fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated fat, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides), nutrients (vitamin D, iron and zinc), glucose and insulin. Participants’ weight and height were collected to determine their body mass index (BMI). An online visual analogue 100-point scale was used to assess appetite changes upon arrival, immediately following meal consumption, 30 minutes after and hourly for 4 hours. Buccal swabs were collected and assessed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Data were analysed using multiple regression analysis.
Results: The insulin-receptor substrate 1 gene (IRS1) polymorphism rs2943641 significantly predicted elevated fasting insulin levels (R2 = 0.639, F (3,26) = 15.34, β = 6.376, P = < 0.0001). The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 gene (UCP1) polymorphism rs1800592 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 gene (PPARγ2) polymorphism rs1801282 significantly predicted participants’ BMI (R2 = 0.261, F (2,27) = 4.759, β = -2.764, P = 0.007 and R2 = 0.200, F (2,27) = 3.371, β = 3.291, P = 0.024 respectively). The remaining SNPs did not appear to associate with our cohort’s related physiological or nutrient outcome.
Conclusions: According to the finding of this exploratory study, three SNPs significantly predicted participants’ fasting insulin levels and BMI.
Challenges in Data Driven Decision Making in the Early Stages of a Startup
Authors: Eranki Gayathri , Pillai Rohitkumar , George Liju
Published: January 2023

Entrepreneurship is usually considered as a chaotic process paved with uncertainties. Without a method to the madness, entrepreneurship can become detrimental to the well-being of the entrepreneur. Early stage of a start-up refers to all important activities that help identify a potential business from an idea. This discovery process is characterised by stress and uncertainty which makes data driven decision making particularly challenging. Unlike mature phases (post launch and product-market fit phase) where data is available in plenty, early phase decision making depends on either limited data or generating one’s own data. Uncertainty gives rise to biases in the decision making. The two most negatively impacting biases are confirmation bias and self-serving bias. In a combination, they affect the way an entrepreneur in the early phase interprets both data and the consequences of his/her decision. Through a qualitative interview-based study involving 30 entrepreneurs in the early phase and 10 entrepreneurs in the mature stage, this study focuses on recognising the presence of these biases and proposes a habit-based process for grooming early-stage entrepreneurs. The scientific principles underlying the proposed framework have been detailed out and pragmatic solutions for improving early phase decision making have been derived.
Mediating effect of cumulative lipid profile burden on the effect of diet and obesity on hypertension incidence: a cohort study of people aged 35-65 in rural China
Authors: Zhang ting , Wang qi , Cui xiao mei , Zhang yu ying , Guo fang xi , Wu qing feng , Dong ming hua , Luo xiao ting
Published: January 2023

Cumulative lipid profile burden is designed to dynamically measure lipid accumulation, and its effect on hypertension has been poorly studied. Our main purpose was to investigate the effect of cumulative lipid profile burden on the incidence of essential hypertension (EH) and. Secondly, to investigate whether there is a mediating role of cumulative lipid burden in the pathogenesis of the effects of diet and obesity on EH. A total of 1 295 participants were included in the study, which began in 2017. The average follow-up time was 2.98 years. A total of 240 EH patients occurred during the follow-up period. Compared with respective reference groups, the HR (95% CI) of the highest quartile in cumulative TC, TG and HDL burden were 1.747 (1.145 - 2.664), 1.502 (1.038 - 2.173), 0.615 (0.413 - 0.917) for incidence of EH. Participants with EH consumed more red meat and refined grains, and red meat was positively associated with cumulative TC burden . BMI and Waist-To-Height Ratio (WHtR) increased the incidence of EH, and obesity was positively correlated with cumulative TC burden. cumulative TC burden play a partially mediating role in the influence of obesity on EH (βindirect=0.0085, 95%CI: 0.0035, 0.1520). The cumulation TG, TC burden increased the risk of EH, while the cumulation HDL reduced the risk of EH. cumulative TG burden play a partially mediating role in the influence of obesity on EH. Diet was not found to influence hypertension through cumulative lipid profile burden.
Show don’t tell: assessing the impact of co-developed patient information videos in paediatric uveitis
Authors: Khalil Rana , Kellett Salomey , Petrushkin Harry , Twomey Christine , Rahi Jugnoo , Solebo Ameenat
Published: January 2023

Background/Objectives: There is a paucity of online educational content targeting children and young people with uveitis. We evaluated the impact of a co-designed patient education video on subjective and objective understanding of childhood uveitis.
Subjects/Methods: Co-designed patient education media were produced in collaboration with the Childhood Uveitis Studies steering group and the Great Ormond Street Hospital Generation R Young People’s Advisory Group, and narrated by children. Patients managed within the Uveitis service at GOSH were invited to take part in a pre-post survey, undertaken immediately prior to and following viewing of a patient education video.
Results: Forty-three patients participated. These were stratified according to age, duration of disease, and treatment type for analysis. Self-rated knowledge improved across all groups (p=0.001), particularly in those with a new diagnosis of uveitis (Z= -8.124, p <0.001). Objective knowledge scores improved across all questions, especially in younger children, those with new disease, and those on steroid only treatment (Z= -3.847, p <0.001, Z= -3.975, p <0.001, Z= -3.448, p <0.001; respectively). Most participants reported the videos to be easy to understand and with the right amount of information. All stated that they learned something new.
Conclusions: Patient understanding of disease and treatment is crucial to achieving the best possible outcomes for this chronic, relapsing remitting and potentially blinding disorder. Our findings show the potential value of co-designed patient information videos, particularly benefitting younger patients and those with recently diagnosed disease as in our study. We suggest that other clinical teams could collaborate fruitfully with patient groups to develop similar videos and target possible misinformation, to potentially improve patient outcomes.
An immunochromatographic strip sensor for Marbofloxacin residues
Authors: Yang Xingdong , Li Qingmei , Kwee Sharon , Yang Jifei , Zhang Qianqian , Zheng Meimei , Ge Mengjun , Yao Yingying , Tang Taizheng , Hu Xiaofei
Published: January 2023

Marbofloxacin (MBF) was once widely used as a veterinary drug to control diseases in animals. MBF residues in animal food endanger human health. In the present study, an immunochromatographic strip assay (ICSA) utilizing a competitive principle was developed to rapidly detect MBF in beef samples. The values of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the limit of detection (LOD) of the ICSAs were 2.48 ng/mL and 0.54 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery rates of MBF in spiked beef samples were from 83.1–91.0%. The coefficients of variation (CV) for intra-assay and inter-assay were below 10%. In addition, when the same authentic beef samples were detected in a side by side comparison between the ICSAs and HPLC-MS, there was no statistically significant difference. Therefore, the proposed ICSAs can be a useful tool for both qualitative and quantitative monitoring of MBF residues in beef samples.
PPARγ/ETV2 Axis Regulates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lee Dong Hun , Chang Sarah S. , Kim Minseong , Lee Raham , Jang Andrew J. , Kim Juyoung , Ma Jing , Passineau Michael J. , Benza Raymond L. , Karmouty-Quintana Harry , Lam Wilbur A. , Sutliff Roy L. , Hart C. Michael , Park Changwon , Kang Bum-Yong
Published: January 2023

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) plays an important role in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Also, the molecular mechanisms regulating EndoMT in PH remain to be defined. In this study, we first showed that reduced expression of the transcription factors ETV2 (ETS variant 2) and PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma) along with reduced endothelial markers and increased EndoMT markers were consistently observed in lungs and pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, in hypoxia-exposed mouse lungs, human PAECs, and in induced EndoMT cells. Base on this observation, we aimed to investigate the function of ETV2 and PPARγ in EndoMT. We have explored the function of ETV2 and PPARγ and its mechanism in PH using in Etv2+/− mice or PPARγ KO mice. Etv2+/− mice spontaneously developed PH and right ventricular hypertrophy, associated with increased EndoMT markers and decreased EC markers. PPARγ transcriptionally activated the ETV2 promoter. Endothelial PPARγ expression in mice is positively correlated with ETV2 expression, but inversely with EndoMT markers. Overexpression of ETV2 in hypoxia-exposed rat pulmonary artery led to vascular relaxation. We conclude that PPARγ-ETV2 signaling can function as a novel pathway in PH pathogenesis by attenuating EndoMT.
Metrics of Care and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Pharmacoinvasive Strategy: A Decade-long Network in a Populous City in Brazil
Authors: Moraes Pedro Ivo De Marqui , Galhardo Attilio , Barbosa Adriano Henrique Pereira , de Sousa Jose Marconi Almeida , Alves Claudia Maria Rodrigues , Bianco Henrique Tria , Povoa Rui Manuel dos Santos , Stefanini Edson , Goncalves Iran , de Almeida Dirceu Rodrigues , Fonseca Francisco Antonio Helfenstein , Izar Maria Cristina de Oliveira , Moises Valdir Ambrosio , Lopes Renato Delascio , Carvalho Antonio Carlos , Caixeta Adriano
Published: January 2023

Background: Pharmacoinvasive strategy is an effective myocardial reperfusion therapy when primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) cannot be performed in a timely manner.
Methods: Authors sought to evaluate metrics of care and cardiovascular outcomes in a decade-long registry of a pharmacoinvasive strategy network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Data from a local network including patients undergoing fibrinolysis in county hospitals and systematically transferred to the tertiary center were accessed from March 2010 to September 2020. Numerical variables were described as median and interquartile range. Area under the curve (AUC-ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of TIMI and GRACE scores for in-hospital mortality.
Results: A total of 2,710 consecutive STEMI patients aged 59 [51-66] years, 815 women (30.1%) and 837 diabetics (30.9%) were analyzed. The time from symptom onset to first-medical-contact was 120 [60-210] minutes and the door-to-needle time was 70 [43-115] minutes. Rescue-PCI was required in 929 patients (34.3%), in whom the fibrinolytic-catheterization time was 7.2 [4.9-11.8] hours, compared to 15.7 [6.8-22,7] hours in those who had successful lytic reperfusion. All cause in-hospital mortality occurred in 151 (5.6%) patients, reinfarction in 47 (1.7%) and ischemic stroke in 33 (1.2%). Major bleeding occurred in 73 (2.7%) patients, including 19 (0.7%) cases of intracranial bleeding. C-statistic confirmed that both scores had high predictive values for in-hospital mortality, demonstrated by TIMI AUC-ROC of 0.80 [0,77-0.84] and GRACE AUC-ROC of 0.86 [0.83 - 0.89].
Conclusion: In a real world registry of a decade-long network for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction based on the pharmacoinvasive strategy, low rates of in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were observed, despite prolonged time metrics for both fibrinolytic therapy and rescue-PCI. Register Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02090712 date of first registration 18/03/2014.
Integrating ecosystem services and complex network theory to construct and optimize ecological security patterns: a case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China
Authors: Zhang Yilei , Cao Yarong , Huang Yuting , Wu Juanyu
Published: January 2023

The urban agglomerations' rapid expansion and population growth have led to the fragmentation of landscape patterns and the degradation of ecosystems, seriously threatening regional ecological security. Ecological security pattern (ESP) is a spatial planning approach to effectively balance the development of urbanization and ecological protection. However, previous studies have ignored the difference in the importance of ecosystem services and the spatial compactness of ecological sources. The quantitative management objectives for optimizing ESP are also rarely addressed. In this study, taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) as an example, ecological sources were identified by simulating multiple ES weight assignment scenarios through GeoSOS area optimization. Ecological corridors and strategic points were extracted by LinkageMapper. The robustness analysis based on complex network theory was performed to quantify the management objectives of ESPs. The results showed that ESPs include 26,130.61km2 ecological sources (accounting for 46.6% of the total area of GBA), 557 ecological corridors, and 112 ecological strategic points. In more detail, ecological sources are mainly distributed in the western and eastern mountainous areas, and ecological corridors primarily link peripheral edge areas of GBA in a circular radial shape. Compared with the current nature reserves, the identified ecological source areas are more compact in landscape pattern and can provide a higher level of integrated ecosystem services. According to the robustness analysis, at least 23% of the important ecological sources should be strictly restricted from development activities to maintain the ESP's ability to resist ecological risks. This study also proposed corresponding differentiated ESPs management strategies. By optimizing the existing ESPs identification method and clarifying the ESPs management objectives, this study provides a completely scientific framework for the construction and optimal management of ESPs in urban agglomerations.
Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers depends on their shapes
Authors: Xiao Shuolin , Cui Yuanfeng , Brahney Janice , Mahowald Natalie , Li Qi
Published: January 2023

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the atmosphere in the long-range transport of microplastic fibers (MPFs). However, both dry deposition processes and sources of MPFs are poorly understood due to their complexity in size and shape, which can be 100s $\mu m$ long, possessing round or flat cross-sections with dimensions of $O(1)\,\mu m$ thickness, and $O(10)\,\mu m$ width. Here, we develop a theory-based settling velocity model for MPFs in the atmosphere, predicting a much smaller aerodynamic size than a volumetrically equivalent spherical particle. Incorrect identification of flat fibers as cylindrical ones due to uncertainty in the thickness of sampled MPFs overestimates their dry deposition rate. Accounting for fiber thickness in sampled MPFs leads to a mean residence-time enhancement above $450\%$ compared to spherical-shaped particles, suggesting a much more efficient long-range transport of flat fibers than previously thought and that the ocean might be a major source of atmospheric plastics.
Inflammasome mediated neuronal-microglial crosstalk: a therapeutic substrate of the familial C9orf72 variant of frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Trageser Kyle J. , Smith Chad , Yang Eun-Jeong , Iban-Arias Ruth , Oguchi Tatsunori , Sebastian-Valverde Maria , Iqbal Umar Haris , Wu Henry , Estill Molly , Rahim Md Al , Raval Urdhva , Herman Francis J , Zhang Yong Jie , Petrucelli Leonard , Pasinetti Giulio Maria
Published: January 2023

Intronic G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansions (HRE) of C9orf72 are the most common cause of familial variants of frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD/ALS). G4C2 HREs in C9orf72 undergo non-canonical repeat-associated translation, producing dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins, with various deleterious impacts on cellular homeostasis. While five different DPRs are produced, poly(glycine-arginine) (GR) is amongst the most toxic and is the only DPR to accumulate in the associated clinically relevant anatomical locations of the brain. Previous work has demonstrated the profound effects of a poly(GR) model of C9orf72 FTD/ALS, including motor impairment, memory deficits, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is hypothesized to be a driving factor in the disease course; microglia activation is present prior to symptom onset and persists throughout the disease. Here, using an established mouse model of C9orf72 FTD/ALS we investigate the contributions of the nod-like receptor pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of FTD/ALS. We find that inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation is increased with microglial activation, cleavage of caspase-1, production of IL-1β and upregulation of Cxcl10 in the brain of C9orf72 FTD/ALS mice. Excitingly, we find that genetic ablation of Nlrp3 significantly improved survival, protected behavioral deficits and prevented neurodegeneration suggesting a novel mechanism involving HRE-mediated induction of innate immunity. The findings provide experimental evidence of the integral role of HRE in inflammasome-mediated innate immunity in the C9orf72 variant of FTD/ALS pathogenesis and suggest the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target.
Upward propagation of gravity waves and ionospheric perturbations triggered by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga Volcanic Eruption
Authors: MIYOSHI Yasunobu , Shinagawa Hiroyuki
Published: January 2023

Using an atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model (GAIA), atmospheric and ionospheric perturbations triggered by the 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption are studied. Our result shows that ionospheric perturbations are caused by neutral wind perturbations associated with gravity waves. Gravity waves with horizontal phase speeds of 200–310 m/s are excited in the troposphere near the Hunga-Tonga volcano, and propagate upward into the thermosphere. While the amplitude of the eruption-generated gravity waves is small in the troposphere (~ 1 m/s), the amplitude of the gravity waves increases exponentially with height because of the exponential decrease of the density, reaching 60‒80 m/s at 300 km height. General features of the TIDs appeared in GNSS-TEC are reproduced fairly well. We can conclude that the eruption-generated gravity waves whose horizontal phase velocity is close to the sound speed play an important role in thermospheric and ionospheric perturbations after the Hunga-Tonga volcano eruption.
Physics-Informed Neural Networks for Modeling Physiological Time Series: A Case Study with Continuous Blood Pressure
Authors: Jafari Roozbeh , Sel Kaan , Mohammadi Amirmohammad , Pettigrew Roderic
Published: January 2023

The bold vision of AI-driven pervasive physiological monitoring, through the proliferation of off-the-shelf wearables that began a decade ago, has created immense opportunities to extract actionable information for precision medicine. These AI algorithms model the input-output relationships of a system that, in many cases, exhibits complex nature and personalization requirements. A particular example is cuffless blood pressure estimation using wearable bioimpedance. However, these algorithms need to be trained with a significant amount of ground truth data. In the context of biomedical applications, collecting ground truth data, particularly at the personalized level is challenging, burdensome, and in some cases infeasible. Our objective is to establish physics-informed neural network (PINN) models for physiological time series data that would reduce reliance on ground truth information. We achieve this by building Taylor's approximation for the gradually changing known cardiovascular relationships between input and output (e.g., sensor measurements to blood pressure) and incorporating this approximation into our proposed neural network training. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated through a case study: continuous cuffless BP estimation from time series bioimpedance data. We show that by using PINNs over the state-of-the-art time series regression models tested on the same datasets, we retain a high correlation (systolic: 0.90, diastolic: 0.89) and low error (systolic: 1.3 ± 7.6 mmHg, diastolic: 0.6 ± 6.4 mmHg) while reducing the amount of ground truth training data on average by a factor of 15. This could be helpful in developing future AI algorithms to help interpret pervasive physiologic data using minimal amount of training data.
Groundwater drought risk assessment model as a tool to support sustainable water resources management
Authors: Kubicz Justyna , Karczewski Maciej
Published: January 2023

As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The objective of article was to present a method for assessing the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought based on the distributions of extreme values of groundwater levels. This goal was achieved, which was shown on the examples of selected observation points of the groundwater level in the catchment of the Odra River. Based on the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the application of the distributions of extreme groundwater level values to assess the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought is an effective tool that supports sustainable water management. It offers the possibility to assess the risk of groundwater drought, which usually leads to water deficits in the affected areas, in a fast and simple way. The risk calculated in this way may be used to classify the areas in terms of the level of risk of the occurrence of groundwater drought. The method presented in this paper may also be used to assess the influence of various factors, including the methods of catchment management, climate changes, on mitigating the risk of occurrence of groundwater droughts.
Current Status and Influencing Factors of Spiritual Needs of Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shi Xin , Wang Fengxia , Xue Lixin , Gan Zhaohong , Wang Yan , Wang Qian , Luan Xiaorong
Published: January 2023

Background
To understand the current status of spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer and analyze its influencing factors. On the basis of deeper understanding of these relationship, it needs to be confirmed whether this is effective to providing targeted spiritual care support in future studies.
Methods
In this study, 200 oncology inpatients from Shandong Province were recruited by convenient sampling method to analyzed a cross-sectional survey by general data survey from December 2020 to June 2022. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between spiritual needs and cancer-related fatigue, anxiety and depression, family care index and social support. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between spiritual needs and influencing factors.
Results
The spiritual needs score of advanced cancer patients at a high level. Correlation analysis showed that spiritual needs had a significant positive correlation with cancer-related fatigue and social support (P < 0.05), and a significant negative correlation with depression (P < 0.05). Multiple analysis showed that cancer-related fatigue, social support and religious belief were the factors influencing the spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer.
Conclusion
The spiritual needs of patients with advanced cancer are significantly correlated with cancer-related fatigue, depression, social support and other factors. Religious belief and social support were the main influencing factors of spiritual needs of advanced cancer patients.
Interfacial Disordering and Heterojunction Enabling Fast Proton Conduction
Authors: MUHAMMAD YOUSAF , Lu Yuzheng , Hu Enyi , Akbar Muhammad , Shah M.A.K Yousaf , Mushtaq Naveed , Yan Senlin , Xia Chen , Zhu Bin Bin
Published: January 2023

Interfacial disorder is a general method to change the metal-oxygen compatibility and carrier density of heterostructure materials for ionic transport modulation. Herein, to enable high proton conduction, a semiconductor heterostructure based on spinel ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) and fluorite CeO2 is developed and investigated in terms of structural characterization, first principle calculation, and electrochemical performance. Particular attentions are paid to the interfacial disordering and heterojunction effects of the material. Results show that the heterostructure induces a disordered oxygen region at the hetero-interface of ZFO-CeO2 by dislocating oxygen atoms, leading to fast proton transport. As a result, the ZFO-CeO2 exhibits a high proton conductivity of 0.21 S/cm and promising fuel cell power output of 1070 mW/cm2 at 510 ℃. Based upon these findings, a new mechanism is proposed to interpret the diffusion and acceleration of protons in ZFO-CeO2. Our study provides a new strategy to customize semiconductor heterostructure to enable fast proton conduction.
CircANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 act as miR-181b-5p sponge to synergistically regulate neural cell migration via the PROX1-NOTCH1-HES1 axis in Hirschsprung's disease
Authors: Fu Runxi , Wang Chen , Zhao Yuling , Liu Xiaowei , Zhou Ying , Gu Beilin , Pan Weihua , Wang Yang , Cai Wei
Published: January 2023

Background:In recent years, emerging researches have shown that circular RNA play critical regulatory roles in a variety of diseases. However, the biogenesis, regulation, function and mechanism of circRNAs in Hirschsprung's disease remain largely unknown.Methods:qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 in HSCR tissues. Transwell and wound healing assay were conducted to assess the role of circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 in neural cell migration. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay and RNA pull-down assay were performed to evaluate the direct interaction between circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 and miR-181b-5p and alleviate suppression on target PROX1 expression.Results:The expression of circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 and PROX1 were down-regulated in HSCR tissues compared with control tissues, while the miR-181b-5p, NOTCH1, HES1 expression were up-regulated. Knockdown of circANKRD12 and circTIMMDC1 synergically inhibited the migration of human neural cells, whereas overexpression of circANKRD12 and circTIMMDC1 had the opposite effects. Transfection of miR-181b-5p inhibitor or mimics reversed the effects of circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 on cell migration. We demonstrated that circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1 acted as “molecular sponge” of miR-181b-5p to rescue the repressive effect of miR-181b-5p on its target PROX1, and suppressed neural cell migration through activating NOTCH1-HES1 signaling pathway.Conclusions:Our research reveals a novel negative regulatory loop circANKRD12/circTIMMDC1-miR-181b-5p-PROX1-NOTCH1-HES1, in the pathogenesis of HSCR providing an exploitable biomarker and therapeutic targets for HSCR.