bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEw INFORMATION ABOUT THE KURGAN BURIAL MOUND IN THE HISTORICAL PART OF MUROM ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF THE 2020 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Очеретина С.В.
Published: October 2023

В статье освещается вопрос о расположении курганных могильников в исторической части города Мурома. По письменным источникам известны три курганных могильника, расположенных за пределами городских укреплений древнего Мурома, на расстоянии 250– 500 м от них. В ходе археологических раскопок последних десятилетий локализовано местоположение четвертого курганного могильника к юго-западу от кремля древнего города на расстоянии не менее 300 м. В процессе археологических работ 2020 г. в квартале № 38 Мурома зафиксированы и изучены части трех кольцевых ровиков древних курганов, снесенных в позднее время. По внешнему диаметру, ширине, глубине, заполнению исследованные объекты аналогичны ранее обнаруженным курганным ровикам. В яме, расположенной рядом с ровиком 1, найден целый лепной горшок, относящийся к ранней группе древнерусской керамики. Находки 2020 г. являются не только подтверждением существования четвертого курганного могильника на определенной ранее территории, но и указывают на его значительные размеры.

The article highlights the issue of the location of burial mounds in the historical part of the city of Murom. Three burial mounds are known according to written sources, located outside the city fortifications of ancient Murom at a distance of 250–500 m from them. During the archaeological excavations of recent decades The location of the fourth burial mound has been localized to the southwest of the Kremlin of the ancient city at a distance of at least 300 m. During the archaeological work in 2020 parts of three ring rovers of ancient mounds demolished at a later time were recorded and studied in the quarter No. 38 of Murom. The investigated objects are similar to the previously discovered burial mounds in terms of external diameter, width, depth, and filling. A whole stucco pot belonging to the early group of ancient Russian ceramics was found in a pit located next to the rovik 1. The 2020 findings are not only the confirmation of the existence of the fourth burial mound on a previously defined territory but also the indication of its significant size.
SITE OF «NET» CERAMICS CULTURE IN KIDEKSHA (ON THE MATERIALS OF SECURITY EXCAVATIONS IN 2020)
Authors: Морозов А.С.
Published: October 2023

В статье публикуются материалы позднего бронзового века, обнаруженные при проведении охранных археологических раскопок в с. Кидекша (Суздальский район Владимирской области) по адресу: ул. Старая, д. 2. Анализ 149 фрагментов керамической посуды показал, что выявленный пласт древностей отражает последние этапы развития керамического комплекса памятников культуры «сетчатой» керамики позднего бронзового века в Волго-Клязьминском междуречье (Дикариха, Плещеево III и Липовка I, Сахтыш II). На основе керамического комплекса и топографии памятника предложена предварительная датировка – первая треть I тыс. до н. э.

The article presents the materials of the Late Bronze Age discovered during archaeological security excavations in Kideksha (the Suzdal district of the Vladimir region), Staraya str., 2. Analysis of 149 fragments of ceramic ware showed, that the revealed stratum of artifacts reflects the last stages of development of the ceramic complex of the sites «net» ceramics culture of the Late Bronze Age in the Volga-Klyazma interfluve (Dikarykha, Pleshcheyevo III and Lipovka I, Sakhtysh II). Based on the ceramic complex and the topography of the site, a preliminary dating is proposed – the first third of the I millennium BC.
Network Polymer Properties Engineered through Polymer Backbone Dispersity and Structure
Authors: Raji Ibrahim O. , Dodo Obed J. , Saha Nirob K. , Eisenhart Mary , Miller Kevin M. , Whitfield Richard , Anastasaki Athina , Konkolewicz Dominik
Published: October 2023

Dispersity (Ɖ or Mw/Mn) is an important parameter in material design and as such can significantly impact the properties of polymers. Here polymer networks with independent control over the molecular weight and dispersity of the linear chains that form the material are developed. Using a RAFT polymerization approach a library of polymers with dispersity ranging from 1.2-1.9 for backbone chain-length (DP) 100, and 1.4-3.1 for backbone chain-length 200 were developed and transformed to networks through post-polymerization crosslinking to form disulfide linkers. The tensile, swelling, and adhesive properties were explored, finding that both at DP 100 and DP 200 the swelling ratio, tensile strength, and extensibility were superior at intermediate dispersity (1.3-1.5 for DP 100 and 1.6-2.1 for DP 200) compared to materials with either substantially higher or lower dispersity. Furthermore, adhesive properties for materials with chains of intermediate dispersity at DP 200 revealed enhanced performance compared to the very low or high dispersity chains.
Biodegradation of drinking straws in the coastal ocean
Authors: James Bryan , Sun Yanchen , Izallalen Mounir , Mazumder Sharmi , Perri Steve , Edwards Brian , de Wit Jos , Reddy Christopher , Ward Collin
Published: October 2023

Single-use drinking straws are a common, polarizing, visible marine litter relevant to key stakeholder groups. Data on their environmental lifetimes in the coastal ocean are lacking, limiting informed regulatory decisions (e.g., straw bans). To fill this knowledge gap, single-use drinking straws made from cellulose diacetate (CDA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), paper, polylactic acid (PLA), and polypropylene (PP) were incubated for 16 weeks in a flow-through seawater mesocosm. CDA, PHA, and paper straws reduced in mass by up to 50%, projecting lifetimes of 6-14 months, depending on the material type and dimensions of the straw. PP and PLA showed no measurable mass loss. For the CDA, PHA, and paper straws, microbial community composition reflected material type. In contrast, the PP and PLA straws shared similar community structures despite substantial differences in material type. While material type often dominates consideration in designing more environmentally friendly straws, we hypothesized that changing product form (i.e., surface area), not just material can reduce environmental lifetimes. We evaluated the marine degradation of a prototyped foamed CDA straw with closed-cell porosity to test our hypothesis. The degradation rate of the foamed CDA straw was 273% faster than its solid counterpart and yielded a shorter projected lifetime than the paper straws. Our findings provide the first constraints of the environmental lifetimes of several commercial drinking straws and identify strategies to design next-generation bioplastic consumer products with reduced persistence.
Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Organozincs with Carboxylic Acids via Acyloxyphosphonium Ions: Direct Access to (fluoro)Ketones
Authors: Alam Md Nirshad , Jindal Aanya , Hubin Daniel J. , Haynes Morgan L. , Edwards Nicholas , Kimura Tomohiro , Munoz Socrates B.
Published: October 2023

Acyloxyphosphonium ions readily and conveniently prepared in-situ from parent a,a-difluorinated carboxylic acids and commodity chemicals are established as convenient acyl electrophiles that to be used in a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling protocol with organozinc reagents as carbon nucleophiles to smoothly afford a,a-difluoroketones. Several carboxylic acids can be employed efficiently using this copper-catalyzed protocol. In the case of CF2H- and CF3-ketones di- and trifluoroacetic acid can be employed under copper-free conditions. The transformations proceed under mild reaction conditions (0 oC-RT), produce the target compounds in short reaction times (45 min) and exhibit good chemoselectivity and functional group compatibility. Notably, this methodology was also demonstrated effective for the synthesis of non-fluorinated ketones (benzophenones) directly from benzoic acids.
Electronic Relaxation Mechanism of 9-Methyl-2,6-Diaminopurine and 2,6-Diaminopurine-2’-Deoxyribose in Solution
Authors: Ortiz-Rodríguez Luis A. , Caldero-Rodríguez Naishka E. , Seth Sourav K. , Díaz-González Karitza , Crespo-Hernández Carlos
Published: October 2023

Prolonged ultraviolet exposure results in the formation of adducts such as the cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in RNA despite the established photostability of the nucleic acids. Therefore, prebiotic photolesion repair mechanisms should have played an important role in the maintenance of the structural integrity of primitive nucleic acids. 2,6-Diaminopurine (2,6DAP) is a prebiotic nucleobase that has been demonstrated to repair CPDs with high efficiency when incorporated into nucleic acid polymers. We investigate the electronic deactivation pathways of 2,6-diaminopurine-2’-deoxyriside (2,6DAP-d) and 9-methyl-2,6-diaminopurine (9Me2,6DAP) in acetonitrile and aqueous solution to shed light on the photophysical and excited state properties of the 2,6DAP chromophore. Spectroscopic measurements, enhanced with electronic-structure calculations, evidence that both are photostable prebiotic compounds that exhibit nearly identical deactivation mechanisms upon population of the S1(ππ* La) state at 290 nm. The electronic relaxation mechanism involves deactivation through two reaction coordinates (C2- and C6-coordinates) and >99% of the excited state population decays through non-radiative pathways involving two conical intersections with the ground state. The results support the idea that 2,6DAP should have accumulated in significant quantities during prebiotic times to participate in the formation of non-canonical RNA oligonucleotides and play a significant role in the protection of the prebiotic genetic code.
Chiral bifunctional NHC/guanidine ligands for asymmetric hydrogenation
Authors: Gorai Mahadeb , Johannes Teichert
Published: October 2023

We report the synthesis of chiral N-heterocyclic carbene/guanidine bifunctional ligands from readily available amino alcohols. The resulting chiral bifunctional catalysts are active in an asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones, and stereoinduction by the chiral groups can be observed. We can show that the chiral linker unit can be employed for the transfer of stereoinformation.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Related to Health Care Ethics among Dental Students in Davangere City - A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: BK Lilly , GM Prashant , VH Sushanth , Imranulla Mohammed , CR Allamaprabhu , HP Vivek
Published: October 2023

Background Public awareness of the ethical treatment of emergency medical crisis has been increasing and complaints against doctors seem to be getting worse. It is a matter of immediate concern that lawsuits against doctors have risen recently. Objectives To assess the knowledge attitude and practices related to healthcare ethics among dental students in Davangere city.Study Design A descriptive cross-sectional study design was performed through the convenience sample method.Methodology The pre-validated questionnaires assessing the knowledge and practice of dental students regarding healthcare ethics were distributed to about 221 dental students in Davangere city and data were collected and analyzed using frequency distribution and Chi-square test with SPSS software version 22.0. Results A total of 221 questionnaires were distributed of which 205 participants responded recording a response rate of 93.18. About 50.2 participants were final year BDS students and 49.8 were pursuing internship. 66.3 had good knowledge about the Hippocratic oath and the Nuremberg code. 45.9 of participants said that they would refer their patients to another doctor who shares the patientrsquos belief when he she refuses treatment due to certain religious beliefs.Conclusion Though majority of the participants had a fair knowledge of healthcare ethics training regarding the practice of ethics should be the focus. Maintaining a specific level of service while in practice is the dentists responsibility. All dentists should uphold a set of professional conduct norms when performing their duties.
Laser Bandage: Deal to Heal
Authors: Jain Darsha , Shivanaikar Sachin , Yavagal Chandrashekhar , Maralingannavar Deepa
Published: October 2023

Introduction of LASER to the field of dentistry has been proved to be a boon to the dental professionals. It can be used for a variety of treatments ranging from simple procedures like removal of caries to more complex procedures such as soft and hard tissue surgeries. The reasons for its increasing demand in dentistry includes decreased operator time enhanced efficiency and better clinical outcome. In the previous years Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASER has also been used for haemostasis in which a ldquochar layerrdquo or an ldquoescharrdquo is usually formed. Recently with the advancements in LASER technology and knowledge about LASER the term LASER bandage has been proposed in which the LASER is used in the lowest settings settings of low wattage no water and some air with fewer pulses per second to put a coating on the tissues for haemostasis to decrease pain from an oral lesion or to make small alterations to a soft tissue surgery. Application of laser bandage after any surgical procedure decreases post-operative pain healing period thereby enhancing post-operative patient comfort.
Chondrosarcoma of the Mandible: A Challenging Lesion
Authors: Khatoon Hajira , NS Sahana , T Suresh , Kulkarni Meghashyama , S Renuga , Verghese Rhea
Published: October 2023

Chondrosarcomas of the maxillofacial region are rare and account for 1-3 of chondrosarcomas of the entire body with a predilection towards the anterior maxilla and a lower incidence in mandible. Clinical and radiographic findings are non-specific hence histopathological evaluation forms the basis for definitive diagnosis. This is a case of a 27-year-old female with a complaint of pain and swelling in her lower right back tooth region for one month. The swelling caused gross facial disfigurement with no secondary changes. Intraorally the growth involved both buccal and lingual sulci causing mobility of involved teeth. Radiographically severe periodontal bone loss was noted surrounding 47. Incisional biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological evaluation. The histopathological examination revealed lobular pattern of growth filled with sheets of round to polygonal cells showing pleomorphism and bizarre hyperchromatic nuclei along with a typical mitotic figures surrounded by densely packed spindle-shaped cells. In some areas chondroid matrix deposition with lacunae containing atypical chondrocytes was evident. Ki-67 IHC was done which showed 10 positivity. Hence the lesion was diagnosed as Grade I Chondrosarcoma. It must be differentiated from chondroblastic osteosarcoma as it bears close resemblance with it. The treatment is completely different for both entities. Chondrosarcoma is chemo-resistant and radioresistant whereas osteosarcoma is a highly chemosensitive tumor. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice in chondrosarcoma hence hemi-mandibulectomy was carried out in this case.
Comparison of Dental Anxiety Between Aerosol and Non-Aerosol Dental Procedures in Children Aged Between 5-13 Years
Authors: Milit Yuthi , V Setty Jyothsna , Srinivasan Ila , Shetty Varun , Das Anushka
Published: October 2023

Background Fear is an unpleasant emotional state consisting of psychological and physiological changes in response to real external threats or dangers. In contrast anxiety is an emotion similar to fear but arising without any objective source of danger. Dental treatments are well known to trigger anxiety and fear in children as most commonly used instruments such as airotor and suction create a sense of fear and anxiety in them. This impacts not only the quality of outcome of treatment but also the attitude of a child towards dentists and dental care.Objective The aim of the study was to compare the levels of anxiety during various aerosol and non-aerosol dental treatments in children.Method One hundred and twenty children aged 5 to 13 years were evaluated for anxiety levels by undergoing various dental treatments aerosol and non-aerosol techniques. The level of dental fear was measured before during and after the treatment with a pulse oximeter Animated Emoji Scale AES and Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability FLACC scale.Results Subjects belonging to the non-aerosol technique group showed least anxiety levels. Maximum relaxation was seen in children undergoing atraumatic restorative treatment ART followed by the HALL technique group and then the conventional restorative procedures. Least comfort was seen in the conventional stainless steel crown group. Conclusion Non-aerosol techniques generate least anxiety in children and should be considered for treatment procedures involving children with higher anxiety levels.
Evaluation of Regenerative Potential of Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin in Horizontal Bone Defects in Chronic Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Suresh U Anjana , Batra Parichaya , KJ Nisha , S Shruthi , Raveendran Shruthi , Guru Sanjeela
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim In periodontal disease alveolar bone loss occurs mainly in two patterns - horizontal and vertical. Most commonly found among these is horizontal pattern of bone loss which received least attention while attempting regenerative periodontal therapy. Hence the objective of this research was to assess the ability of autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin PRF to promote periodontal regeneration in individuals with chronic periodontitis who have horizontal defects.Methods A total of 20 sites with horizontal bone loss were taken in five patients who had met the inclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained from the patient. All the clinical as well as radiographic parameters were assessed. Open flap debridement with intramarrow penetration and placement of PRF was done for these patients and were followed up for nine months.Results All the patients were consistent with the follow up till nine months. Intergroup comparison of Probing Pocket Depth PPD and Clinical Attachment Level CAL showed significant difference with p lt0.05. Radiographic assessment also showed significant difference compared to baseline with p lt0.05. Conclusion The addition of PRF to horizontal periodontal defects has yielded noteworthy outcomes during a nine-month monitoring period.
A Case Study on Tubercular Cavernous Sinus Syndrome
Authors: S Arali Megha , Khaleel Ahmed Syed , Damarla Nagarjuna
Published: October 2023

Tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome is a rare condition of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis EPTB in which cavernous sinus involvement is observed. Cavernous sinus is a venous structure that holds and protects pituitary gland on one side and temporal lobe on other side. CSS is mainly characterized by multiple cranial neuropathies which is effected by various etiologies. This is a case report of tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome admitted to hospital with chief complaints of fever headache drooping of eyelids altered sensorium with disorientation and fever that reduced over next 3 to 4 days but headache was still persisting due to the damage to the cranial nerves. Based on these symptoms they underwent clinical examination which revealed hypotension elevated CRP levels and MRI suggestive of acute dural venous sinus thrombosis involving superior sagittal sinus and bilateral bulky cavernous sinus with transverse T2 hypo intensity in right transverse sagittal superior sagittal and internal jugular vein IJV. Granulomatous etiology indicated tubercular cavernous sinus syndrome. For this treatment was initiated with anti-tubercular drug therapy with vitamin supplements and anticoagulants. EPTB remains a significant health problem in developing countries. Prevalence of EPTB is increasing over the last several years globally.
Amide Codrug Approach: Synthesis and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug and Calcium Channel Blocker Conjugates
Authors: Nayak Anjali , Das Paramita , Kumar Das Amit
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim Geriatric patients often suffer from osteoarthritis and hypertension comorbidity. The codrugs approach was shown to be an effective strategy for targeting diseases synergistically hence improving the quality of life of patients. The present study aimed to synthesize various Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs and Calcium channel blocker CCB Co-drugs and biopharmaceutical study to eliminate the adverse gastrointestinal effects of the NSAIDs to treat comorbid conditions in geriatric patients with significant reduction of polypharmacy.Methods Various conjugates were synthesized by a one-pot amidation reaction of Amlodipine with various NSAIDs. Further characterization by melting point TLC Fourier transform infrared nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy followed by solubility partition coefficient and hydrolysis study in SGF and SIF.Results The synthesized codrugs satisfied the structural criteria of the proposed plan. From the biopharmaceutical and hydrolysis study it was observed that the co-drugs underwent significant hydrolysis in SIF pH 7.4 and have showed delayed onset of action with respect to the standard drugs. The delayed onset may be due to the hydrolysis of amide linkage followed by the release of the prodrug which finally releases the active drug.Conclusion The findings illuminated the codrugs pros and cons aiding optimization and development. This research advances amide-based mutual prodrugs and their use in pharmaceutical research. The outcome of this exploration confirmed that the described co-drug can offer desirable safety and therapeutic benefits. Hence these conjugates could be considered for further development.
Development of Dendrimer-5-Flurouracil and Folic acid Conjugation for the Treatment of Colon Cancer via Target Drug Delivery
Authors: T Haribabu , Kumar K Selva , PM Manjunatha
Published: October 2023

Background Cancer cells are also known as carcinoma sarcoma melanoma lyphoma and leukemia. The ability of the bodys immune cells to recognise and eliminate newly formed cells when there arent many of them is probably more crucial to the development of cancer than the conversion of a normal cell into a malignant cell. Colonic epithelial cells which line the lumen of the organ and replace themselves every five days from a stem cell population found at the base of colonic epithelial cell crypts are the source of colon cancers.Aim To develop a Dendrimer of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate for the treatment of colon cancer via target drug delivery.Methods The dendrimers of 5-Flurouracil and Folic acid conjugate were developed involving the following steps- formulation of dendrimer of antineoplastic drugs dendrimer Acylated Dendrimer characterization of compounds and in ndash vivo anti - cancer activity.Results On 7th and 14th a significant decrease in WBC increase in RBC and increase in Haemoglobin was observed compared to Cancer control.Conclusion It has been concluded that cancer induction in mice Groups I II III results in decreased RBC and Hb levels along with an increase in WBC count. Treatment with drugs restores the abnormal hematopoietic system parameters to normal levels in cancer-bearing mice.
Aplicación y resultados de rúbrica para evaluación de los proyectos integradores en la asignatura resistencia de materiales de la Facultad de Procesos Industriales, de la Escuela Tecnológica Instituto Técnico Central
Authors: Soto Lesmes Hilda Sofía
Published: October 2023

La asignatura Resistencia de Materiales se imparte en VII semestre del programa Tecnología en Producción Industrial, articulada por ciclos propedéuticos con la Técnica Profesional en Procesos de Manufactura y la Ingeniería de Procesos Industriales, en la Escuela Tecnológica Instituto Técnico Central. Como parte de la evaluación de la asignatura se implementaron los proyectos integradores, para los cuales se diseñó como herramienta una rubrica de evaluación, a partir del perfil de egreso, las competencias del programa, los resultados de aprendizaje del programa y los resultados de aprendizaje de la asignatura. En el segundo semestre del 2022 se presentaron 7 proyectos integradores orientados al diseño de trituradoras de residuos orgánicos y compactadoras industriales, los cuales debían cumplir con los requisitos establecidos en la rúbrica, la cual fue socializada en el aula y a través de la plataforma Teams, especificando criterios, factores y ponderaciones, con el objetico de que los estudiantes tuvieran un referente claro sobre la evaluación de su proyecto integrador. Tras recibir los proyectos, estos fueron evaluados y se realizó una retroalimentación acompañada del instrumento de evaluación, conducente a que el estudiante realice un proceso de reflexión alrededor de su proceso de aprendizaje. Los resultados de esta evaluación permitieron evidenciar los verdaderos alcances de los resultados de aprendizaje de la asignatura, los conceptos previos, y las competencias blandas.
Modelo de formación para el ingeniero ambiental en pedagogía urbana: estrategia de implementación en la Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó
Authors: Sarria Palacio Ana Mercedes , Rentería Castro Arisleyda , Viáfara Rentería Leidy Verth , Chávez Arias George Yeam
Published: October 2023

Esta ponencia presenta la revisión documental sobre la conceptualización de la pedagogía urbana y cómo esta integra elementos importantes de la pedagogía social y ambiental, reflexiona sobre cómo cabe la ingeniería ambiental en las dimensiones que componen la ciudad y el posible impacto en la formación de esta área de la ingeniera. Se origina en la fundamentación teórica de un proyecto de investigación que propone un Modelo de formación del ingeniero ambiental en pedagogía urbana, del cual resultó una estrategia para implementar en la Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó. Este modelo se fundamentó en la relación tríadica bidireccional entre el modo de actuación del ingeniero ambiental, los conceptos de la pedagogía urbana y el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se destaca que el modo de actuación del ingeniero ambiental aporta rigor técnico para comprender los principios de la pedagogía urbana y esta amplía los campos de acción de la profesión, lo anterior conlleva al desarrollo de otras habilidades y a comprender las relaciones ecológicas, sistémicas y estructurantes del entorno. Una de las conclusiones que se ha razonado es, que el ingeniero ambiental formado en pedagogía urbana sea un profesional que desarrolla su potencial social y comprenda las relaciones transactivas del hombre con la ciudad, la cual responde a unos códigos de comportamiento que pueden ser modificados y así resolver problemas ambientales desde una perspectiva educativa.
Análisis de colas: caso cajero automático Bancolombia sucursal Restrepo
Authors: Presiga Duque Fabián de Jesús , González Rojas Ana María , Murcia Patiño Diego Mauricio , Suárez Ramírez Yohan Horacio
Published: October 2023

Analizar el sistema de colas de un cajero automático, por medio de un muestreo de tres días en fin de semana y fin de mes, en horas de la tarde noche en los cuales se muestra gran afluencia en las afueras de este cajero, los tiempos entre llegada y de servicio de la operación fueron recolectados y tabulados para realizar el estudio. Al desarrollar tres escenarios, el matemático, el uso de un software libre y la simulación utilizando el sistema FlexSim se puede determinar si un sistema con un solo cajero, ya que en el momento del análisis el segundo sistema se encuentra fuera de servicio, es el óptimo, o es necesario activar el segundo sistema.
Metodologías de extracción de aceite de coraza de marañón: evaluación de impacto ambiental por emisiones de CO2
Authors: León Montañez Johan Sebastián , Ortiz Mora Jennifer Gabriela , Hernández Acevedo Camilo , Ayala García Camilo , Marañón León Édgar Alejandro , González Barrios Andrés , Álvarez Solano Óscar Alberto , Porras Holguín Niyireth
Published: October 2023

El aceite de la coraza de marañón (ACM) es un subproducto de alto interés en la industria química por sus aplicaciones en el diseño de materiales poliméricos, surfactantes y componentes bioactivos. Sin embargo, dentro de la cadena productiva del marañón en el Departamento del Vichada este subproducto ha sido poco explorado. Para recuperar el ACM se han reportado metodologías como extracciones térmicas, mecánicas y químicas. Dichas técnicas presentan variaciones en rendimientos, capacidad tecnológica, costo y capacidad de procesamiento; por lo cual, es necesario establecer parámetros de decisión robustos para la selección de un método. Así, se realiza un análisis comparativo de los impactos ambientales relacionados a la extracción del ACM por medio de la metodología de Soxhlet y prensado mecánico. Esto se realiza cuantificando el impacto relacionado al uso de solventes (emisiones por manufactura, reutilización y disposición) y al consumo de energía de las operaciones unitarias involucradas en cada metodología en términos de las emisiones de CO2 equivalente. De este modo, es posible establecer parámetros de decisión para la implementación de dichas técnicas de extracción en la región del Vichada en función de su sostenibilidad ambiental. Adicionalmente, se brinda una aproximación inicial para realizar un análisis de ciclo de vida de potenciales productos de valor agregado derivados del aprovechamiento del aceite de coraza del marañón.
Metaanálisis del fenómeno de infracciones viales a partir de algoritmos de inteligencia artificial
Authors: Ramírez Castañeda Leila Nayibe , Acosta Rafael , González Doryluz , Trujillo Johanna
Published: October 2023

Las infracciones viales en las megalopolis del mundo generan altos costos sociales que, tienen efectos negativos en la productividad de las organizaciones, la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y son un elemento importante en el incremento del tráfico vehicular. Este trabajo permite hacer un metaanálisis de las metodologías disponibles para tratar con información categórica, como el análisis de correspondencias múltiples (MCA, FAMD), Kmeans y los árboles de decisión de clasificación, para entender el fenómeno y considerar su posible predicción. Para este trabajo, se utilizan los algoritmos implementados en RStudio y PYTHON, contando con la información pública disponible de infracciones de la ciudad de Bogotá. El trabajo es un resultado parcial que permitirá desarrollar modelos para mejorar la distribución urbana de mercancías en la ciudad. Dentro de los resultados explorados hasta el momento los análisis de correspondencias múltiples permiten reducir la complejidad en el número de variables seleccionadas para el estudio y considerarlas desde su naturaleza categórica, en la implementación Kmeans se obtiene el mapa de calor y los clústeres de las geolocalizaciones, donde se presenta con mayor frecuencia las infracciones de la ciudad y propone puntos de control para disminuir su criticidad, por último se expone la posibilidad de implementar árboles de clasificación para estimar su predicción, y asegurar alternativas previas que disminuya el indicador.
Desarrollo de esponjas metálicas con nanotubos de carbono para la recolección de petróleo y sus derivados en derrames en afluentes hídricos
Authors: Pérez Rangel Naren Yesith , Flórez Solano Éder Norberto , Espinel Blanco Edwin Edgardo
Published: October 2023

En la actualidad la mitigación de los impactos ambientales son de vital importancia, teniendo en cuenta que la limpieza y purificación de los afluentes hídricos y el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos que son agentes contaminantes representan un mejoramiento en las condiciones ambientales a nivel nacional, en base a esto se logra una disminución en el consumo energético y la reutilización de material particulado; un caso puntual es el aluminio en el cual a través de diversas técnicas de fundición se puede reutilizar el material que es desechado, disminuyendo su foco de contaminación. Existe un desecho de aluminio que es poco manejado conocido como la viruta de aluminio, este material es producto de los mecanizados de piezas (para motores y partes de motocicletas, automóviles, entre otros), que se desarrolla mediante el desprendimiento de viruta, el material desechado en forma de partículas puede ir desde el 10 – 90% de residuos generado a través de este proceso de maquinado, partiendo de la reutilización de esta viruta de aluminio con la creación de esponjas metálicas de aluminio, en este proyecto se pretende nanofuncionalizar las esponjas metálicas de aluminio con la implementación de nanotecnología que permitan a las esponjas realizar la recolección de petróleo y sus derivados en derrames en afluentes hídricos, todo esto con la utilización de nanotubos de carbono, decorados y funcionalizados para que se pueda lograr la finalidad trazada, de esta manera se contribuye al mejoramiento y la disminución el impacto ambiental que general estos dos agentes contaminantes.
Articulación del programa de Ingeniería en Electrónica con el MNC, ABET y la iniciativa CDIO para la formación de ingenieros competentes y pertinentes
Authors: Ramírez Gutiérrez Julián Adolfo , Salgado Patrón José de Jesús , Molina Mosquera Johan Julián
Published: October 2023

La pertinencia se refiere a la adecuación de una propuesta o acción a las necesidades, intereses o características de un contexto o situación determinada. En el caso de la educación, la pertinencia implica que los planes de estudio, las metodologías y los recursos educativos se ajusten a las necesidades del mercado laboral, de la sociedad y del entorno en general. En el contexto de la articulación del programa de Ingeniería en Electrónica con el MNC, ABET y la iniciativa CDIO, la pertinencia se relaciona con la adecuación de las competencias y resultados de aprendizaje del programa a las necesidades del sector productivo y del mercado laboral, así como a las demandas de la sociedad y del entorno en el que se desenvuelve el ingeniero electrónico. La pertinencia es importante en la educación superior porque garantiza que los egresados estén preparados para enfrentar los desafíos y las demandas del mercado laboral y de la sociedad, y contribuir de manera efectiva al desarrollo sostenible y al bienestar de la comunidad. Además, la pertinencia puede aumentar la empleabilidad de los egresados y mejorar la competitividad del programa de estudios y de la institución educativa en general. El análisis para la articulación del programa incluye una revisión de los objetivos de cada una de las iniciativas mencionadas (MNC, ABET, CDIO) y cómo se propone la adaptación e implementación en el programa de Ingeniería en Electrónica de la universidad Surcolombiana. Se evalúa cómo se han integrado los diferentes enfoques y metodologías de cada iniciativa en el diseño del Proyecto educativo del programa PEP. Además, se exploran los desafíos y oportunidades que se proyectan en la implementación y abordaje de estas iniciativas en el contexto del programa.
Estrategias para usar el aprendizaje automático para predecir el comportamiento de los estudiantes durante las transiciones educativas
Authors: Vargas Martínez Wilson , Cristancho Sandra
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo de investigación, se intentará establecer la conexión entre cómo el uso de tecnologías de datos se ha convertido en un tema cada vez más relevante en varios sectores, con el objetivo de aprovechar la enorme cantidad de datos que se generan en las diferentes actividades específicas de cada sector. La ciencia de datos y la inteligencia empresarial tienen como objetivo permitir la construcción de estrategias basadas en modelos de aprendizaje automático para mejorar la eficiencia y la calidad en la toma de decisiones. Desde el sector educativo, el uso de estas tecnologías orientadas a datos elevará y mejorará las oportunidades tanto para los estudiantes como para las instituciones.
Sostenibilidad y branding en emprendimientos de Córdoba: conciencia sobre residuos y medio ambiente
Authors: Domínguez Morales María José , Sánchez Díaz Andrea Margarita , Echeverri Flórez Heidi
Published: October 2023

El uso excesivo de empaques no sostenibles en los nuevos emprendimientos, impulsado por el marketing digital y el consumismo desenfrenado, está causando un impacto negativo en el medio ambiente del departamento de Córdoba. Este problema se agrava por la falta de conciencia ambiental y desconocimiento del ciclo de vida de los productos en las pequeñas y medianas empresas de la región. Es necesario investigar y analizar el nivel de contaminación generado por el uso de empaques no amigables con el medio ambiente en los productos de los pequeños y medianos emprendimientos en el departamento de Córdoba. También se busca reconocer el desinterés o la falta de conocimiento frente a la problemática. Se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado de respuesta cerrada bajo escala Likert. Los constructos se enfocaron en Estrategias de merchandising, Ciclo de vida, Conciencia ambiental y tipo de material, para identificar cómo afectan los empaques de los emprendimientos al medio ambiente. Se busca analizar los datos de manera objetiva y acertada, y se parte de una hipótesis enfocada a la afirmación del impacto ambiental proveniente del alza de la cantidad de materiales no sostenibles utilizados en los empaques en los emprendimientos antes de que Córdoba fuera catalogada como departamento del emprendimiento y ahora en su mayor boom. Con los resultados obtenidos, se busca crear conciencia en las pequeñas y medianas empresas acerca de la importancia de utilizar empaques sostenibles y de tener en cuenta el impacto ambiental de sus estos. También se espera que esta investigación permita arrojar bases sólidas sobre el aumento de la contaminación generada por este sector en crecimiento promoviendo a la implementación de regulaciones por parte del Estado que encamine al uso de empaques sostenibles y la preocupación por el medio ambiente en las empresas de la región. La investigación se enfoca en una problemática que afecta no solo al departamento de Córdoba, sino a nivel global, y es de gran importancia para contribuir a un desarrollo sostenible y responsable.
Monetary rewards and work commitment among teachers in rural public secondary schools in rombo district, Tanzania
Authors: Helena S. Frimin  , Gideon Y. Sikawa
Published: October 2023

In Tanzania government has abolished school fees and build more infrastructures in these schools the performance of these public schools is still poor. This study examined the effectiveness of monetary rewards on work commitment among teachers in rural public secondary schools in Rombo district in Tanzania. The study was guided by four specific objectives namely: to determine the influence of salary on teachers’ commitment in rural public secondary schools; to examine the influence of overtime payment on teachers work commitment in rural public secondary schools; to examine the influence of bonus on teachers work commitment in rural public secondary schools; lastly to determine the influence of house allowance on teachers work commitment in rural public secondary schools. The study employed Frederick Herzberg’s two factor theory. The study employed mixed approach where both qualitative and quantitative approached were used in the study. Moreover, the study employed cross-sectional survey research design. Also, the study employed 157 respondents. Data collection tools were Questionnaire, Interview and Documentary review. Probability and non-probability sampling approaches were deployed where simple random and purposive techniques were used. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis approaches were deployed using content analysis and SPSS, respectively. The findings shows that basic salary and overtime payment have significant influence on work commitment among teachers. While bonus, and house allowance have no significant influence on work commitment among teachers. The study concludes that there is a lot of dissatisfaction among teachers in public secondary schools due to low payment of salary and lack of other remunerations. The study recommends that the welfare of teachers needs to be significantly improved, teacher benefits regarding overtime allowances, need to be clarified, known to all and made available on time and by government so as to motivate them in their works. Also, this study recommends further research on monetary rewards because it is difficult to reach generalization as the study was conducted in Rombo district with small number of populations. For this matter the research may be investigated further in other location.
Electronic customer relationship management and customer retention of deposit money banks in Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria
Authors: Temitope Joseph Oyolola  , Ahmadu Abubakar  , Usman Bello  , Lawal Sani
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the effects of electronic customer relationship management (ECRM) on the customer retention of deposit money banks (DMBs) in Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria, using responses obtained from 380 customers of the three DMBs operating in the study area. The study adopts a cross-sectional survey research design, a structured questionnaire as a means for data collection and multiple regression techniques as the main method of data analysis with the aid of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. Results confirm that ECRM proxies: pre-transaction, at-transaction and customer feedbacks and complaints management (post-transaction) features of ECRM have a significant and positive effect on the customer retention of DMBs in Dutsin-Ma. The study concludes that the adoption of the ECRM framework has contributed immensely to the improvement of customer experience and, consequently, customer retention in the study area. Thus, pre-transaction, during/at transaction and post-transaction features are important to service marketing strategies for retaining customers. The study, therefore, recommends that DMBs in the study area should upgrade their ECRM platforms to further improve customers' seamless experience to increase customer retention. The study also recommends that banks should make their e-banking platforms more secure, user-friendly and faster.
Self-purification monitoring of the Danube delta and Merlo river aquatic water according to microbiological indicators
Authors: Zinchenko I. V. , Vasenko O. H. , Babich E. V. , Anhina L. S.
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Analysis of self-purification monitoring of the water area of the Danube delta and the small Merlo river (tributary of the Vorskla) according to microbiological indicators.

Methods. To evaluate the role of microorganisms in maintaining the homeostasis of aquatic ecosystems, to study the intensity of self-cleaning processes and bioindication of pollution, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of various ecological and trophic groups were determined. The dynamics and intensity of self-cleaning processes were determined by the ratio indicator (Ri) of TBC of autochthonous and allochthonous saprophytic microorganisms. The level of trophicity and saprobity in the Merlo river was determined by phenomenological signs.

Results. It was established that the most intensive processes of self-purification were observed in the water area of the Danube delta above Reni city and in the Bystry branch. The most polluted water areas among studied were in the Kiliya branch near the town of Izmail, below the town of Kiliya and above the town of Vylkove (9th km). Monitoring studies of the Merlo river, in the area of the wastewater discharge in it of the food industry enterprise, were carried out according to hydrobiological and microbiological indicators. It was established that the river is very polluted, is under a large anthropogenic load on the water ecosystem and has a low ratio indicator (Ri). It was determined that according to the degree of saprobity and trophicity, the river in the wastewater discharge zone is related to hypertrophic and polysaprobic. After reconstruction of the treatment facilities at the food industry enterprise, the situation at the wastewater discharge point changed: Ri has increased from 1.1 to 3.2, and the water area at the discharge point has been classified as a polysaprobic zone, with signs of a mesosaprobic zone, which indicates a tendency to self-purification.

Conclusions. It was established that the degree of self-cleaning processes is affected by anthropogenic sources of pollution of water bodies. The water ecosystems of the Danube delta have more pronounced tendencies to self-recovery than the ecosystems of the small Merlo river (a tributary of the Vorskla river). The positive impact of effective treatment of industrial wastewater discharged into the river on Ri, as well as on the trophicity and saprobity of ecosystems, has been established.
La transdisciplinariedad como eje de la producción de conocimiento
Authors: Olivar Andres Francisco
Published: October 2023

La interdisciplinariedad en la academia no debe entenderse solo como una postura políticamente correcta que convoque a la mera inclusión o a la conversación entre diversos campos de estudio. De allí que, en lugar de hablar de “interdisciplinariedad”, sea preferible hablar de “transdisciplinariedad”. El cambio en el uso del prefijo no es gratuito. Es semántico, y por tanto también pragmático. Es decir, el cambio en el prefijo en este caso influye no solo en el significado sino también en lo que se hace con las palabras, al decir de John L. Austin. Si se habla de “transdisciplinariedad” en lugar de “interdisciplinariedad”, se reconoce que se busca ir más allá del diálogo interdisciplinario. Se está reconociendo, a fin de cuentas, que lo transdiciplinario atraviesa la construcción de conocimientos. Que es imperativo entender lo que otras disciplinas pretenden transmitir a un determinado campo del saber con el fin de construir un discurso holístico que le apunta, en últimas, a contribuir al fortalecimiento epistemológico de una disciplina o campo de estudio.
Improvement of Corn Plant Yield Through the Application of Biochar and Trichocompost from Rice Harvest Waste
Authors: Suryani Rini , Sutikarini Sutikarini , Masulili Agusalim , Suyanto Agus
Published: October 2023

This research aimed to determine the optimal dosage of biochar and rice straw trichocompost for improving corn plant yield on Ultisol soil. The study was designed using a field experiment method with a Split Plot Design, consisting of two treatment factors. The first treatment factor was biochar with three levels: B0 = without biochar, B1 = 10 tons/ha, and B2 = 15 tons/ha. The second treatment factor was rice straw trichocompost with four levels: K0 = without trichocompost, K1 = 10 tons/ha, K2 = 15 tons/ha, and K3 = 20 tons/ha. The observed parameters for corn plant yield were cob length, cob diameter, dry weight of corn cobs, and dry weight of corn grains. The data collected from the observations were analyzed using an F-test at a significance level of 5%, followed by a Tukey test for further analysis. The results of the research indicated a significant effect of individual treatments of paddy straw biochar and rice straw trichocompost on corn plant yield, but there was no interaction between the treatments on corn yield in Ultisol soil. The optimal dosage of biochar for improving corn plant yield in Ultisol soil was found to be between 10 to 15 tons/ha. Meanwhile, the best dosage of rice straw trichocompost for enhancing corn plant yield in Ultisol soil was between 15 to 20 tons/ha.