bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Approach to the Use of Multimedia in Maharoh Kalam Learning
Authors: Triwibowo Muhammad , Taufiqurrochman Raden , Hasaniyah Nur
Published: October 2024

Mastery of speaking skills in learning Arabic often faces challenges related to student engagement and the effectiveness of traditional teaching methods. Conventional teaching methods are usually considered less attractive and unable to meet the learning needs of students effectively. This study aims to explore the use of multimedia based on a cognitive approach to improving students' speaking skills in the Special Arabic Language Learning Program (PKPBA) UIN Malang. Qualitative research methods were used, involving in-depth observations and interviews with students and faculty to collect data on the experience and impact of multimedia use. The results showed that multimedia designed with a cognitive approach significantly improved students' speaking skills, increased motivation, and enriched the learning experience. These findings make an important contribution to cognitive theory by demonstrating the practical application of multimedia in language learning, as well as providing guidance for educators in designing more effective learning materials. This research also emphasizes the need for inclusive technology development, attention to ethics, and the protection of users' data.
 
Keywords: Speaking Skills, Multimedia, Cognitive
The Role of Faith and Moral Education in Generation Z and Generation Alpha to Welcome the Golden Indonesia 2045
Authors: Addarunnafis Muhammad , Rabbani Syarifah Aulia
Published: October 2024

The great vision of the Indonesian nation is towards the Golden Indonesia 2045. To establish this vision, it is necessary to have moral education as a basic capital for Generation Z and Generation Alpha as an internal fortress in facing challenges in the future. However, many moral decline behaviors continue to be shown by Generation Z and Generation Alpha, even though this generation is the hope of the Indonesian nation in the future. So the purpose of this study is to the role of moral education in Generation Z and Generation Alpha in welcoming the golden Indonesia 2045. The research method used is Library Research with a descriptive approach. The results of the study show that moral education is the key as part of the moral values ​​of religious-Pancasilaism to the two generations. Because through faith (nature) moral education (nurture) is born as an internal and external factor in humans to filter bad influences that come from within or from outside. The future of Indonesia is at stake because it is in the hands of Generation Z and Generation Alpha. Therefore, through the synergy of multi-connected projections of positive trends in faith and moral education in the family environment, educational environment, and social community environment as a manifestation and embodiment of nature and nurture from the cradle to the present and the future, it can shape generation Z and generation Alpha into a religious-Pancasilaist generation as a great capital to lead the Indonesian nation in the future.
 
Keywords: Faith and Morals, Generation Z, Generation Alpha
Mamografi
Authors: Kaya Mehmet Ali
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada amacımız meme hastalıklarının tarama ve teşhisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan mamografi cihazları ve bu cihazlarda kullanılan enerji türü hakkında bilgi vermektir. Meme kanserinin erken teşhisi için yaygın olarak kullanılan mamografi, ülkemizde 40-69 yaş arası kadınlarda meme kanserinin erken teşhisi için 2 yılda bir önerilmektedir. Meme kanseri kadınlarda en çok görülen kanser türü olup, dünyada kanser ölümlerinde ikinci sırayı almaktadır. Mamografi cihazında, düşük enerjili (25-40 KVp) x-ışını kullanılmaktadır.  X-ışınlarının oluşumunu sağlayan iki farklı mekanizma vardır. Bunlardan biri Bremsstrahlung (frenleme) X-ı­şınları diğeri de karakteristik X-ışınlarıdır. Görüntülemede %15 karakteristik, %85 x-ışını kullanılmaktadır. Tedavide sadece Bremmstrahlung (frenleme) x-ışını kullanılmaktadır. Mamografi, memenin x-ışını kullanılarak görüntülenmesi tekniğidir. Meme, iki tabaka arasında sıkıştırılarak radyografi görüntüsü elde edilir. Mamografi, mevcut ekipmana veya muayene amacına bağlı olarak 2 boyutlu veya 3 boyutlu (tomosentez) olabilir. Mamografiler tarama ve tanı koyma amacıyla iki şekilde uygulanmaktadır. Tarama mamografisi; şikayeti olmayan kadınlarda meme kanserinin erken tanısı için yapılır. Avrupa Görüntüleme Derneği, taramanın geleneksel mamografi veya fosfor-plak bilgisayarlı radyografi ile değil, digital mamografi ile yapılmasını öncelikli olarak önermektedir. Dijital mamografi sisteminde X-ışını tüpü meme bölgesi üzerinde hareket ederek çeşitli açılardan yüksek çözünürlüklü ve yüksek kontrastlı görüntüler çeker. Lezyonun konumu ve durumu hakkında doğru bilgi sağlamak için görüntüler 3 boyutlu olarak yeniden oluşturulur.
Panoramik Radyografi
Authors: Nur Süreyya
Published: October 2024

Diş hekimliği uzmanları, diş ve çene kemiğindeki tüm normal anatomik yapıları, intraoral, panoramik ve diğer ekstraoral radyografilerde görülebilecek radyografileri yorumlayabilmek için çekim teknikleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmalıdır. Ayrıca, diş hekimi radyografik form ve yoğunluktaki sapmaları normal yapılardan ayırt edebilmelidir. Bu nedenle, radyografik görüntülerin kaliteli elde edilebilmesi için, panoramik radyografi tekniğinin pozisyon tekniğinden ışınlama faktörlerine kadar tüm detaylarıyla bilinmesi gerekir.
Panoramik görüntüleme, genellikle 14 veya daha fazla periapikal projeksiyondan oluşan tüm ağız (full mouth) serisinden daha düşük dozla, daha iyi bir görüntü sağlar. Panoramik görüntüler, özellikle en ileri vakalarda periodontal hastalığın tanısında bir miktar değer taşır. Ancak panoramik projeksiyonlar yalnızca intraoral projeksiyonlar alınamadığında kullanılmalıdır, çünkü panoramik görüntüler, özellikle hastalığın erken evrelerinde periodontal hastalığı değerlendirmek için gereken ayrıntı ve tanımlamaya sahip değildir.
Personality Traits as Predictors of Pro-Environmental Behavior: Evidence from the Philippines
Authors: Nieva Alvin
Published: October 2024

One of the objectives within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development set by the United Nations General Assembly is to enhance global awareness about sustainable development by disseminating precise information to people worldwide and encouraging lifestyles that harmonize with nature. Pope Francis's Laudato Si' is considered by many as a landmark document urging major change because it criticizes the consumer-centered way of life and argues that protecting the Earth requires a complete shift in our priorities. It is believed that pro-environmental behaviors play an important role in achieving the goals of the SDGs, UNESCO, and Laudato Si'. Previous studies have shown relationships between pro-environmental behavior and personality traits. However, these studies were conducted in foreign contexts, and to the best of the researcher's knowledge, there was no published local study that explains the connection between personality traits and pro-environmental behavior among Filipinos, particularly those in the workforce. This is the gap that this study aimed to address. This study determined the link between personality traits and pro-environmental behavior of Filipino workers in the National Capital Region (NCR). This utilized a cross-sectional predictive design. The participants were comprised of 644 Filipino workers from the NCR. In terms of gender, there were 256 (39.8%) males, 374 (58.1%) females, and 14 (2.2%) undisclosed. Two sets of self-report questionnaires were administered online: the Brief HEXACO Inventory and the adapted General Ecological Behavior Scale. Results of the main analysis suggest that only Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience as personality traits positively predict pro-environmental behavior; while Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, and Agreeableness did not. This may suggest that individuals who score high on these personality dimensions are more likely to engage in behaviors that benefit the environment. Therefore, strategic interventions aimed at developing these qualities could potentially contribute to a significant shift towards sustainability among Filipino workers.
Variablenreduktion für Surrogat-Modell basierte Optimierung
Authors: Rehbach Frederik , Gentile Lorenzo , Bartz-Beielstein Thomas
Published: October 2024

Eine Standardmethode zur effizienten Optimierung von rechenintensiven Problemen ist die Surrogat-Modell basierte Optimierung (SMBO). Allerdings steigt bei vielen Surrogat Modellen mit zunehmender Dimensionalität der Rechenaufwand stark an. SMBO ist daher oft nur sehr ineffizient auf hochdimensionalen Problemen anwendbar. In diesem Beitrag wird der Einsatz von Regularisierungsverfahren (Shrinkage) untersucht, um die Dimensionalität des Suchraums zu reduzieren. Wir schlagen einen Hybrid-Algorithmus vor: Regularisierte-Surrogat-Optimierung (RSO). Experimente, die auf künstlichen Testfunktionen und industriellen Anwendungen durchgeführt wurden, zeigen, dass der RSO-Ansatz die Dimensionalität der Modelle erfolgreich reduziert und somit erheblich weniger Rechenzeit benötigt. Gleichzeitig liefert der Algorithmus Ergebnisse, die eine ähnlich hohe Güte aufweisen wie das nicht reduzierte Modell.
The Impact of Stress Distribution on The Electrical Performance of Different Silver Stretchable Conductive Ink Pattern Using FEA Simulation
Authors: Daniel Azlan Mohd Azli  , Mizah Ramli  , Mohamad Shukri Zakaria  , Mohd Nur Azmi Nordin  , Ghazali Omar  , Mariam Md Ghazaly  , Abdul Halim Lim Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Stretchable conductive ink has been widely investigated to be used in the fabrication of stretchable electrical devices. Experimentation methods to test the mechanical and electrical behaviours of the stretchable conductive ink composite are commonly applied; however, not much of the computational approach has been scrutinized to validate the results further. This paper employs the finite element analysis method to investigate the relationship between the stress and strain distribution of the stretchable conductive ink with the highest strain obtained. This research validates the past experimentation works of different patterns of stretchable conductive ink for its stretchability and electrical performance. The maximum Von Mises stress (VMS) and maximum principal strain of the stretchable conductive ink played a significant role in determining its electrical performance, rather than the localisation of high stress and strain at specific locations within the stretchable conductive ink pattern. Zigzag pattern exhibited the lowest maximum stress and strain concentration at 57.826 MPa and 4.05% while straight pattern suffered the highest respective values at 118.143 MPa and 10.39%. The lower maximum Von-Mises stress and principal strain contributed to a better stretchability which is indicated by a higher strain rate prior to electrical conductivity.
A Review of Zinc Oxide-Tin Oxide (ZnO-SnO2) Nanocomposite for Humidity Sensors
Authors: Ejournal-unimap Ejournal-unimap
Published: October 2024

This paper reviews the fabrication of zinc oxide-tin oxide (ZnO-SnO2) nanocomposite in humidity sensors. ZnO and SnO2 each has a wide energy band gap, making them suitable for producing high-quality humidity sensors. Also, ZnO and SnO2 are the ideal heterojunctions with high sensitivity and thermal stability. When combined, ZnO-SnO2 nanocomposite is an n-type semiconductor with high versatility in many applications, such as gas sensors, lithium-ion batteries, and photocatalytic degradation. Besides, the nanostructure film of ZnO-SnO2 is relatively easy to prepare and characterise while manipulating ZnO and SnO2 could enhance device performances. Thus, the nanostructure of ZnO-SnO2 would likely measure the humidity sensing performance easily.
Virtual Fabrication of 14nm Gate Length n-Type Double Gate MOSFET
Authors: N. H. N. M. Nizam  , Afifah Maheran A. H  , F. Salehuddin  , K. E. Kaharudin  , Noor Faizah Z. A
Published: October 2024

Due to Moore's law, it is that predicted the channel length of a metal-oxide-semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) will tend to shrink from the submicron to the nanoscale size. Thus, precision in the manufacturing process has become crucial. This study describes the virtual fabrication as well as the electrical characteristics of a 14nm NMOS double gate with a bilayer graphene/high-K/metal gate. In this device, Hafnium Dioxide (HfO2) is employed as a high-k material, and Tungsten Silicide (WSix) is used as a metal gate. Several Silvaco TCAD Tools, including ATHENA and ATLAS, were utilized in the fabrication and simulation of the device, respectively. According to the simulation results, the optimal threshold voltage (VTH), drive current (ION), and leakage current (IOFF) and subthreshold slope (SS) values are 0.2059 V, 797.5650 μA/μm. 29.5794 nA/μm, and 89.1712x10-3 V respectively. The findings of this research showed that the efficiency of this 14nm double gate n-type MOSFET device is satisfactory because the threshold voltage and leakage current parameters are in accordance with ITRS 2013, and that it may have been utilized as a utility man in future modelling and optimization efforts.
Temperature Effects on the Optical Properties of Bismuth Nanoparticles Prepared by PLAL for Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Sally S. Hassan  , Raad M. S. Al-Haddad  , Kadhim A. Hubeatir
Published: October 2024

Bismuth nanoparticles (Bi NPs) constitute a promising technology for combating infectious illnesses and bacterial resistance to antibacterial treatments. Bi NPs were synthesized by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) using a 532 nm second-harmonic generation Nd:YAG laser. Bi NPs samples were prepared in 10, 35, 50, 75, and 90 ˚C water for various laser energies and number of laser pulses. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra measurements revealed a characteristic plasmonic absorption band indicative of metallic bismuth nanosized particles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis showed that the water temperature during the ablation process affected the size and morphology of Bi NPs. The average Bi NP size at 60 ˚C was 28 nm, considerably smaller than the 55 nm average observed at 10 ˚C. The antimicrobial properties of Bi NPs against two opportunistic pathogens, E. coli and S. aureus, were assessed. For S. aureus, the inhibition zone of Bi NPs prepared at 60 ˚C was greater than that of samples prepared at 10 ˚C. Further, Bi NPs exhibited lower potency against E. coli than S. aureus in both samples.
Synthesis and Characterizations of Structural, Dielectric and Optical Properties of CCTO– PT Composite
Authors: N. Gouitaa  , N Hadi  , F Abdi
Published: October 2024

In this study, we have synthesized the (1-x) CaCu3Ti4O12 – (x) PbTiO3 (CCTO-PT) composites with x = 0.00, 0.50 and 1.00 by using the solid-state method. We have then studied the structural, optical and dielectric properties of these composites. The X-ray diffraction diffractogram (XRD) showed that the ceramics at x = 0.00 and 1.00 (CCTO and PT) crystalize in a pure cubic and tetragonal phase respectively. Likewise, for CCTO-PT composite, we observed a coexistence of tetragonal and cubic phase in CCTO-PT composite composites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed homogeneous microstructure samples and consist of different grain shape. The large spherical grain structure is attributed to CCTO ceramic while the smaller grain form can be ascribed to the PT ceramic. The dielectric measurements results revealed an increase in dielectric permittivity value for CCTO-PT composite compared with pure CCTO and PT. The optical band gaps of the CCTO and PT are 2.50 and 3.00 eV, and increased to 3.50 eV for the CCTO/PT composite.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid Using Different Wavelengths for Antibacterial Application
Authors: Hadeel J. Imran  , Kadhim A. Hubeatir  , Kadhim A. Aadim
Published: October 2024

In this paper, the synthesis of colloidal solution of ZnO nanoparticles by PLAL using an Nd: YAG laser with 1064 nm and 532 nm wavelengths is described. The optical, morphological, structural, wettability and antibacterial activities were studied. The XRD analysis showed the hexagonal wurtzite structure while the UV-vis indicated the blue shift of the absorption peak due to the surface plasmon of the nanoparticle, which showed significant changes in color behavior. The FE-SEM revealed a uniformed spherical shape with a partial size range of 20.50–21.48 nm for ZnO at 1064 and 57.08–59.87 nm for ZnO at 532nm. Also, the concentration measurement indicated that the concentration of ZnO prepared at 1064 nm is 26.7 μg ml-1 and 63 μg ml-1 at 532 nm due to the relevance of high energy to the Zn plate and little distortion in the water and high absorption of short wavelength. Finally, the optical density of the antibacterial activity has been investigated, and both concentrations have good antibacterial activity at 12 h. The ZnO prepared at 532 nm has higher antibacterial activity because it has a high concentration of nanoparticles for both S. aureus and E. coli. Finally, the cell viability for ZnO synthesis with both 1064 nm and 532 nm indicates that this material has high biocompatibility and could be used for medical applications.
Improved the Sensitivity and Limit of Detection of Surface Alloying SERS Sensors by Controlling Mixing Ratio of Trimetallic (Ag-Au-Pd) Nanoparticles
Authors: Russul M. Shehab  , Alwan M. Alwan
Published: October 2024

In this study, three different types of hybrid structures SERS sensors made from different mixing ratio of trimetallic (Ag-Au-Pd) nanoparticles of [Au1: Ag1: Pd1] , [Au1: Ag2: Pd1] , [Au1: Ag2: Pd2] in surface alloying forms deposited on macro porous silicon (macroPsi) layer were created and extensively tested. By using a simple and fast immersion process, trimetallic (Ag-Au-Pd) nanoparticles were created utilizing ion reduction of numerous metallic salts on a macro porous silicon (macroPsi) layer. The macroPsi layers were created using a laser assisted etching (LAE) technique for 15 minutes with a constant density of approximately (28mA/c.m2). At a constant concentration (10-3 M) of HAu.Cl4, Ag.NO3 and Pd.Cl2 to synthesize Au-NPs, Ag-NPs and Pd-NPs, immersion processes with various mixing ratios were performed. The hybrid structures of SERS sensors were examined using XRD, FE-SEM, and Raman microscopes. The sensors were tested at different concentrations from 10-6 to 10-12 of MB target molecules. The SERS trimetallic sensors demonstrated a considerable reliance on hot spot zones among trimetallic nanoparticles. Higher enhancement factor with lower detection limit of Raman signal was obtained from [Au1: Ag2: Pd2] hybrid structures SERS sensor of about 1.5×1010 and 10-14 respectively, due to extra ordinary specific surface area and high surface density forming trimetallic nanoparticles . The variations of mixing ratio of trimetallic (Ag-Au-Pd) provide an effective pathway to develop the sensors performance towards detection of lower concentrations.
Anodic Synthesis of Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays: Role of Electrolyte Composition on the Structural, Morphological, Optical, and Photo-electrochemical Properties
Authors: Hawraa Sabah Hreo  , Araa Mebdir Holi  , Asla Abdullah Al-Zahrani
Published: October 2024

The fluoride species present in two different anodizing electrolytes were used to produce TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTAs) by simultaneous anodic reaction and chemical dissolution. In this investigation, two different electrolytes were used for the preparation; [Eth-TiO2 NAs: 95 ml ethylene glycol+0.5% NH4F+5 ml DI water] and [Gly-TiO2 NAs: 75 ml glycerine+0.5% NH4F+25 ml DI water]. The effects of the prepared electrolytes used in the synthesis of TiO2 nanotube arrays on structural element composition, morphology, and optical properties are the focus of this study and are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy field emission (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-vis diffusion reflection spectroscopy (DRS), respectively. The photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 NTAs prepared in different electrolytes were investigated. The photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 NTAs in Na2SO3 (0.1 M) and Na2S (0.1) was examined under the light of 100 mW/cm2 from a xenon lamp. Comparing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) results of both electrolytes, we find that Eth-TiO2 NTAs contribute a wide surface area resulting in an enhanced PEC response. TiO2 NTs, which were prepared with Eth-TiO2 NTAs, exhibited the highest photocurrent density, 0.326 mA cm–2, and photoconversion efficiency (0.22%).
Structural, Microstructural, Dielectric and Ac-conductivity of CaTi1-xFexO3 Multiferroic Materials Synthesized by Solid State Method
Authors: Najwa Gouita  , Abdelhali Elbasset  , Fatema Zahra Ahjyaje  , Taj-Dine Lamcharfi  , Farid Abdi
Published: October 2024

In this study, the structural, microstructural, dielectric and conductivity properties of Fe-doped CaTiO3 (CT) ceramic were investigated. These ceramics were successfully synthesized using the conventional solid-state method. The X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement results showed that the ceramics at x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 crystalized in the orthorhombic phase with the Pmmm space group. While for x=0.4, 0.5 and 0.6, the phase formation changes from orthorhombic to tetragonal phase with P4/mmm group space. The SEM results revealed a semi-spherical shape of grain for lower Fe content (≤0.4), while at x=0.5 and 0.6 an agglomeration phenomenon is observed and the observed density of the sample at x=0.5 is higher than the other ceramics. The dielectric properties were studied as function of frequency and temperature. The dielectric permittivity (ɛ’r) decreases as function of frequency at lower frequency region and remain almost independent of frequency at high frequency region in the whole temperature range of R.T–520 °C. Each converges at high frequency (>105 Hz) for all the temperatures. The evolution of ɛ’r as function of temperature for pure CT ceramic showed a stability at large range of temperature (from R.T to 250°C). For substituted ceramics, we obtained a phase transition which shifted to the lower temperature with the increase of Fe content. And the value of ɛ’r, increases for Fe-doped CT ceramics and reaches a maximal value for x=0.5 which is 50 time bigger than the pure ceramic. The AC conductivity, σAC, is found to increase rapidly as a function of frequency, at low frequency region, and increases linearly at high frequency region, which confirms the hopping of electrons related to the conduction mechanism. The σAC evolution is found to follow the Jonscher’s law and the s exponent decreased with the increasing temperature which is related to the correlated barrier height (CBH) model. And the σAC values increase with the increases of Fe content.
Physical Properties of HfO2 Nano Structures Deposited using PLD
Authors: Evan T. Salim  , Ahmed T. Hassan  , Rana O Mahdi  , Forat H. Alsultany
Published: October 2024

On Quartz substrates, high purity transparent conductive the Di-Oxide of the (HfO2) Nano and micro-structure films were successfully coated. The method of (PLD) Deposition using Pulsed Laser, and the influence of laser energy was investigated. The XRD results revealed two distinct phases, cubic and monoclinic crystal shapes. Peaks in the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that HfO2 nanofilm was forming.The findings of the optical characteristics reveal an excellent transparency of nearly 80% (89 percent). As the laser wavelength decreases, the optical energy band gap values for Nanostructure of HfO2 were prepared, with values ranging from 5.24 to 5.53 eV. Also, the EDX results showed the appearance of hafnium peaks and oxygen peaks in varying proportions, which confirms that hafnium oxide is definitely obtained The results of the AFM reveal that when the pulsed laser intensity increases, the average grain diameter values increase from 52.96 to 74.54 nm. With regard to optimum pulsed laser energy, the based on I-V characterization, the generated factor ideality for created diodes was discovered to be decreasing, and the corresponding values of the barrier height grew. The ideality factor of the diode made the optimum pulsed laser energy (1800 mJ) was greater (n=3.1).
Modelling of Cut-off Frequency of Armchair Graphene Nanoribbon Tunnel Field Effect Transistor Using Transfer Matrix Method
Authors: Endi Suhendi  , Jaka Brajadenta  , Ahmad Aminudin  , Dadi Rusdiana
Published: October 2024

Graphene is considered as a promising two-dimensional material for electronic device applications due to its high charge carrier mobility and it is extremely thin in size. As a material, graphene has great potential for the development of high-speed nano electric devices. Graphene can be used as a channel material in Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET). In this study, the cut-off frequency of the armchair graphene nanoribbon tunnel field effect transistor (AGNR-TFET) device was modelled quantum mechanically. The solution of the Dirac-like Hamiltonian and Poisson equations self-consistently is used to determine the potential profile of device and the transmittance is calculated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The Landauer formulation with the help of Gauss Legendre Quadrature Method (GLQM) is used to calculate the tunnelling current and the cut-off frequency of AGNR-TFET. The calculation results showed that the cut-off frequency increased as the drain voltage increased, while the increase in channel length and the N-index graphene made the cut-off frequency decreased. Moreover, the thicker the oxide layer could increase the cut-off frequency and the higher the temperature on the device would reduce the cut-off frequency.
The Effect of Reinforcement Weight Ratios on the Mechanical Properties of ZrO2/ Unsaturated Polyester Nanocomposites
Authors: M. J. Thamer  , Noor A. Hameed
Published: October 2024

This work aims to prepare ZrO2/ unsaturated polyester nanocomposites with reinforcement weight percentage ratios (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) wt.% and study the effect of this reinforcement weight ratio on some mechanical properties such as hardness, impact strength, and tensile strength. The used powder has a monoclinic structure, P2/m space group, and unit cell parameters a, b, and c = 5.313Å, 5.210 Å, and 5.145 Å, receptively, and angels α, γ = 90º and β= 99.233º according to XRD data and using Dicvol 91 indexing program. The grain size of the used powder was estimated using Scherrer’s equation to be 43.2 nm. The SEM micrograph of ZrO2 nanopowder showed the particle morphology having homogenous irregular grains and appears to be similar to a coral shape. The results of the hardness test showed that increasing the reinforcement weight ratio led to an increase in the hardness values. Impact, tensile, and flexural strength values increase with the reinforcement weight ratio and peaked at 6 wt. %, and decreased at a higher ratio.
Graphene Synthesis by Electrochemical Reduction of Graphene Oxide and Its Characterizations
Authors: Nur Syahirah Kholib  , W. W. Liu
Published: October 2024

Graphene is one of the nanoscale materials that has attracted many researchers to continue in-depth study on its unique properties where both the graphene oxide (GO) and electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) are the derivatives of graphene. GO and ERGO can be further modified chemically for many types of application such as sensor and water filter membrane. However, to restore the electrical property of graphene, GO should be reduced to ERGO. There are several types of reduction methods which are fast to produce good quality and high yield of graphene material. However, those methods use toxic chemicals to reduce GO which can bring negative impact to both human and environment. Therefore, an electrochemical approach can be carried out to solve this issue. This study presents the electrochemical synthesis of GO and electrochemical reduction of ERGO. All characterizations were conducted by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Synthesis of Zinc Sulfide Luminescent Nanoparticles Using Zinc Metal Complexes of S-benzyl Dithiocarbonate via Microwave Irradiation Route
Authors: Ranjana Sharma Goswami  , Y. C. Goswami  , D. Kumar
Published: October 2024

This paper reported highly luminous zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles grown by microwave-irradiated single molecular precursors. The precursor was obtained by Schiff bases of S-benzyl dithiocarbazate (SBDTC) ligand using 5-Bromo-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-nitro Benzaldehyde; 4NNbiscyno diethylamino benzaldehyde and p-amino acetophenone. The nanoparticles obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction studies for structural analysis, transmission electron micrographs (TEM) for morphological analysis, and UV-Vis spectra for optical analysis. X-ray diffractograms exhibit mixed structures analysis (wurtzite and cubic) for particles obtained using 5-Bromo-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-nitro benzaldehyde and 4NNbiscyno diethylamino benzaldehyde. However, the particles obtained by p-amino acetophenone Schiff bases of SBDTC exhibit only wurtzite structure. Variation in optical properties is also observed with the precursors used. The excellent optical properties of ZnS nanoparticles signify the role of microwave irradiation in synthesis. The Photoluminescence (PL) study shows the luminescence in the visible region and the maximum intensity for ZnS particles obtained by zinc complex of p-amino acetophenone Schiff base of S-benzyl dithiocarbazate. The microwave-assisted process can be used for large-scale production of nanoparticles for emitting light in the visible region in various detecting and sensing applications.
Essential Oils and Mindfulness Exercises in Influencing Gene Expression Involved in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A Systematic Review
Authors: Santoso Vania Joceline , Azminah Azminah
Published: October 2024

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) represents a transitional stage between normal cognitive function and dementia, affecting memory and other cognitive abilities. This systematic review explores the impact of essential oils and mindfulness exercises on gene expression involved in MCI. Despite the prevalence of pharmacological treatments, they offer limited prevention of MCI progression to dementia. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as mindfulness exercises, have demonstrated cognitive benefits, albeit with moderate efficacy. Essential oils, used in aromatherapy, show promise in supporting cognitive improvement through their impact on amyloid-beta and cholinesterase pathways. This review synthesizes findings from multiple studies between 2017 and 2024, highlighting that combining essential oils and mindfulness exercises may offer enhanced therapeutic outcomes for individuals with MCI. Further research is needed to establish the efficacy of this integrative approach, which could slow the progression of MCI and improve patients' quality of life.
Global Jihad and Local Sentiment: The Impact of the Hamas-Israel Conflict on Radicalization in Indonesia
Authors: Zahroh Zidni Eneng Ervi Siti , Zuhdi Muhammad Luthfi , Machmudi Yon , Syauqillah Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The prolonged conflict between Hamas and Israel has significant impacts on the social and political dynamics in various countries, including Indonesia. This study aims to analyze how this conflict affects radicalization and the development of terrorism ideology in Indonesia. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach based on narrative analysis through document studies and secondary data. This research applies the Relative Deprivation Theory to explain the dissatisfaction felt by Indonesian Muslims regarding the conditions in Palestine, and the Framing Theory to understand how the conflict narrative is framed by radical groups. The findings indicate that the narrative of Palestinian suffering and the legitimacy of jihad are used by extremist groups to recruit new members and garner support. Additionally, this phenomenon contributes to an increase in anti-Israel sentiment among Indonesian society. The findings reveal the complex relationship between international conflicts and local radicalization, which calls for more serious attention from the government in addressing potential terrorism threats arising from these sentiments.
Dimensionality Reduction and Nearest Neighbors for Improving Out-of-Distribution Detection in Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Woodland McKell , Patel Nihil , Castelo Austin , Al Taie Mais , Eltaher Mohamed , Yung Joshua P. , Netherton Tucker J. , Calderone Tiffany L. , Sanchez Jessica I. , Cleere Darrel W. , Elsaiey Ahmed , Gupta Nakul , Victor David , Beretta Laura , Patel Ankit B. , Brock Kristy K.
Published: October 2024

Clinically deployed deep learning-based segmentation models are known to fail on data outside of their training distributions. While clinicians review the segmentations, these models tend to perform well in most instances, which could exacerbate automation bias. Therefore, detecting out-of-distribution images at inference is critical to warn the clinicians that the model likely failed. This work applied the Mahalanobis distance (MD) post hoc to the bottleneck features of four Swin UNETR and nnU-net models that segmented the liver on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. By reducing the dimensions of the bottleneck features with either principal component analysis or uniform manifold approximation and projection, images the models failed on were detected with high performance and minimal computational load. In addition, this work explored a non-parametric alternative to the MD, a k-th nearest neighbors distance (KNN). KNN drastically improved scalability and performance over MD when both were applied to raw and average-pooled bottleneck features. Our code is available at https://github.com/mckellwoodland/dimen_reduce_mahal
La diferencia entre sentencia ejecutoriada y cosa juzgada en el COGEP
Authors: Torres Luna Paola Verónica , Suárez Venegas Ramiro Javier
Published: October 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito realizar un análisis de la diferencia entre sentencia ejecutoriada y cosa juzgada en el COGEP. La metodología empleada se enmarcó dentro de una investigación bibliográfica-documental, a razón de ello se accedió a diversas plataformas digitales de revistas indexadas, bibliotecas de universidades nacionales e internacionales y portales de órganos de jurisprudencia nacional donde se consultó diversos textos de la doctrina nacional y extranjera sobre la materia. Para el análisis de la información recabada, se empleó la técnica de la lectura analítico-interpretativa. En líneas generales, se concretan ciertas diferencias entre la sentencia ejecutoriada y la cosa juzgada, tales como: la sentencia ejecutoriada se ejecutará tras cumplir ciertos requisitos de ley como la no existencia de recursos pendientes, por haber transcurrido el lapso de tiempo establecido para interponerlos u otros, mientras que la cosa juzgada constituye una cualidad especial asignada por la ley a algunas sentencias ejecutoriadas. La cosa juzgada puede presentar categoría material y formal.  De este modo, los efectos de la sentencia ejecutoriada con autoridad de la cosa juzgada material presentan características de ser insusceptible e impone la imposibilidad de la apertura de un nuevo proceso, dado que pone fin a la controversia planteada en el juicio y, la sentencia ejecutoriada con autoridad de la cosa juzgada formal, puede llegar a ser puesta en duda o es discutible, en un  proceso posterior para conseguir un resultado distinto al alcanzado en el primer juicio en el cual no se llegó a resolver el conflicto satisfactoriamente.
Ministral — The World’s Best Edge Language Model
Authors: Krishnan Tarun
Published: October 2024

Ministral — The World’s Best Edge Language Model

Revolutionising On-Device AI: High-Performance, Low-Resource Language Models for Edge Computing

Author

Tarun Krishnan (

ORCID

: 0009–0006–6647–127X)

Introduction

In recent years, there’s been a notable shift in the AI landscape, with many companies moving away from developing massive,
Las metodologías activas en la enseñanza de la sociología en la universidad: el caso de las competencias emprendedoras y el reto demográfico en Extremadura
Authors: Seco González Jesús
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo surge a partir de los resultados de un estudio sobre competencias emprendedoras en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura, llevado a cabo con 1.669 informantes de la región, distribuidos entre personas en situación de desempleo, personas en situación de alta en el régimen de la Seguridad Social, empresariado y personas que trabajaban en materia de empleo y desarrollo rural de distintas Administraciones públicas y entidades del tercer sector, de pueblos y ciudades de las dos provincias de la región. A partir de los resultados, que ponen de manifiesto que la sociedad extremeña concede mucha importancia a la planificación y a la gestión a la hora de iniciar una actividad de emprendimiento, se pretende llevar a cabo una experiencia piloto que consiste en un sistema de acompañamiento al emprendimiento en el medio rural extremeño, a partir de metodologías activas y agiles. Su implementación en el territorio está prevista que pueda llevarse a cabo en el periodo de prácticas curriculares del alumnado del Grado Universitario de Administración y Dirección de Empresas en el Centro Universitario de Plasencia, perteneciente a la Universidad de Extremadura.
Heart Attack Detection and Heart Rate Monitoring Using Arduino and IoT
Authors: IS Priya , L Keerthi , C Jeevana , J Sirisha , K Brahmateja , B Dilli , C Dinesh kumar
Published: October 2024

This project focuses on the development of a heart attack detection and heart rate monitoring system utilizing Arduino and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system integrates sensors such as pulse sensors and electrocardiogram (ECG) modules to continuously monitor the heart rate and detect any anomalies. The data collected is processed using Arduino, which serves as the system’s central microcontroller, and then transmitted to a cloud based platform via IoT for real time monitoring and analysis. Alerts can be sent to the user, caregivers, or medical professionals in the event of an irregular heart rate or potential heart attack. This approach enhances patient safety and provides a timely response in emergencies by leveraging IoT for remote monitoring and data storage, offering a comprehensive and accessible solution for cardiovascular health management.
IoT-Enabled Monitoring and Controlling System for Solar Panel/AC Power Electronic Billings
Authors: A Vadivelu , T Navya Lakshmi , V Mohan Raj , P Gowri Sankari , P Pavan Kumar , M Poorna Chandra
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes an IoT based solution for efficient monitoring and control of solar panel and AC power consumption, aiming to optimize energy usage and reduce utility bills. Leveraging IoT technology,the system collects real time data on power generation from solar panels and consumption by AC units, enabling users to gain insights into their energy usage patterns. Through remote access via mobile applications or web interfaces, users can monitor their power consumption, identify inefficiencies, and remotely control their devices. The system also supports automation features such as scheduling to optimize energy usage based on time of day pricing or user preferences. By integrating solar panels into the monitoring and control system, users can effectively utilize renewable energy and further reduce their dependency on traditional grid power. Overall, this IoT based solution empowers users to make informed decisions regarding their energy consumption, contributing to cost savings and environmental sustainability.
Transmission of Audio and Text using Visible Light Communication
Authors: AS Sai Puneeth Theja , E Sai Swetha , P Janani , AG Gajarajan , E Ganesh , GS Balaji
Published: October 2024

The application of Visible Light Communication (VLC) for transmitting text and audio data. The system utilizes readily available components for a low cost and practical implementation. For the Text transmission, an Arduino microcontroller processes the text data and modulates the intensity of a mobile phone torch light (LED) based on the information. The modulated light signal is captured by a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor. Another Arduino detects the variations in light intensity and decodes the transmitted text, displaying it on an LCD module. Similarly for the Audio transmission, the audio signals from a mobile phone’s audio jack are fed into an LED. The varying audio voltage modulates the light intensity of the LED. The light signal is converted back into electrical current by a solar panel. An audio amplifier boosts the weak current to a level suitable for driving a speaker, reproducing the transmitted audio.
Advanced IoT Based Combined Remote E-Health Monitoring and Home Testing Using Arduino Uno
Authors: B Mahammed Raffi , A Geethanjali , C Sarathsai , B Rajesh , K Tharun Kumar , K Nithin Reddy
Published: October 2024

The advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has revolutionized the healthcare sector by enabling remote health monitoring and home testing, enhancing patient care, and improving healthcare accessibility. This paper proposes an advanced IoT based system utilizing Arduino Uno microcontroller for combined remote e health monitoring and home testing. The system integrates various sensors and modules to monitor vital health parameters such as heart rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation. The Arduino Uno acts as the central processing unit, collecting data from the sensors and transmitting it wirelessly to a cloud based platform through Wi-Fi. The cloud platform stores and analyses the data, providing real time monitoring for healthcare providers and patients. Moreover, the system incorporates a user friendly interface accessible via a mobile application or web portal, allowing patients to view their health data, receive notifications/alerts for critical conditions, and communicate with healthcare professionals remotely. The system offers several advantages like Continuous monitoring, Convenience, Accessibility, Data driven insights. The proposed advanced IoT based combined remote e-health monitoring and home testing system using Arduino Uno presents a promising solution for enhancing healthcare delivery, promoting preventive care, and empowering patients to take control of their health.
Smart Shopping Trolley Based on RFID
Authors: A Damodar Reddy , R Sharika , P Avinash , VV Nagendra , S Naresh , M Sunil kumar
Published: October 2024

To overcome the drawbacks a novel system has been proposed to reduce queue in the departmental stores and also to help the customer to find the product. Project work aim to assist the customer by not only reducing the queue in billing but also in the payment area by providing payment options in cart using card. Each product will have a passive radio frequency ID tag which represents the unique electronic product code. Thus, the electronic product the information about the product details (i.e.) name and price
A High-Quality Rice Leaf Disease Image DATS Augmentation Method Based on a Dual GAN
Authors: PP Nagaraja Rao , M Pranathi , Y Sonia , P Vinod Kumar , VG Hemanandhan , M Charish
Published: October 2024

The urgent need to address the challenges faced by the agricultural sector, particularly in rice cultivation, due to the prevalence of various leaf diseases. Rice is a staple food for a significant portion of the global population, and its productivity is crucial for food security and economic stability in many regions. However, diseases affecting rice leaves can cause substantial yield losses, impacting farmers’ livelihoods and food availability. Overall, the project lies in its potential to address critical issues in rice cultivation, enhance agricultural productivity, and support the livelihoods of farmers worldwide. By developing a robust CNN model for rice leaf disease classification and providing valuable insights through performance evaluation metrics and classification reports, we aim to make a tangible impact on agricultural practices and contribute to global efforts towards sustainable food production.
Adverse Events in Competitive Freediving – Clinical Presentation, Management, and Prevention
Authors:   Ulm University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Ulm, Germany, Muth Claus Martin , Tetzlaff Kay ,   University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Sports Medicine, Tübingen, Germany
Published: October 2024

Freediving (synonyms: breath-hold diving, apnea diving) has become a popular leisure activity and continues to gain popularity and recognition as both a competitive and recreational sport. Formal freediving competitions are sanctioned by the international Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS) or the Association Internationale pour le Développement de l’Apnée (AIDA). Both organizations have set up rules and guidelines for competitive pool disciplines where athletes compete for maximum submerged breath-hold time or underwater swimming distance with or without fins. In freshwater disciplines athletes strive for maximum depth using different freediving techniques. These aquatic breath-holding activities carry unique medical risks that are related to environmental factors eliciting extreme physiological challenges. Pool disciplines carry an increased risk of hypoxemia and, consequently, loss of consciousness, particularly in untrained individuals. Hypoxic complications are reported to occur in up to 10% of dives during freediving competitions. Shallow water blackout following hyperventilation to extend breath-hold capability is a serious risk applying to all aquatic breath-hold activities, however, is more common during recreational freediving. Deep freediving poses the athlete to further risks such as barotrauma of ear drums or lungs, immersion pulmonary edema, nitrogen narcosis, and decompression sickness when reaching great depths. While serious complications in competitive freediving are rare, however, the risk clearly rises with increasing depth. Special breathing techniques to increase lung volumes such as glossopharyngeal insufflation carry additional risks. This article reviews possible complications and injury that may occur in competitive freedivers and discusses strategies for management and prevention of possible injury.