bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of Eocene fossil Malthodes (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) with a rarely observed aedeagus
Authors: FANTI FABRIZIO , PANKOWSKI MADELINE V.
Published: March 2024

A new Malthodes (Coleoptera, Cantharidae, Malthininae) in Eocene amber from Poland (Baltic amber) is illustrated and described here: Malthodes (s. str.) maximiliani sp. nov. The new species of soldier beetle is characterized by its small body size and last tergites and last sternite distinct from similar taxa. Notably, the specimen has a partially visible aedeagus, a characteristic rarely seen in fossil Malthodes of the nominotypical subgenus; it has been observed in only three fossil species of this subgenus.
Nosopsyllus (Nosopsyllus) spiniformis n. sp., a new ceratophyllid flea (Siphonaptera, Ceratophyllidae, Ceratophyllinae) from Türkiye
Authors: KESKİN ADEM
Published: March 2024

A new ceratophyllid flea species, Nosopsyllus (Nosopsyllus) spiniformis n. sp., is described and illustrated. Specimens were collected from Günther’s vole, Microtus guentheri (Danford & Alston), Schidlovsky’s vole, Microtus schidlovskii Argyropulo, in Adana province, and stone marten, Martes foina (Erxleben), in Tokat province. With the new species, the number of Nosopsyllus taxa known from Türkiye now tallies 11 (six species and five subspecies).
Human YTH Domain Family 2 (YTHDF2)-Dependent N6-Methyladenosine Mediates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Oxidative Stress
Authors: Peng Shouxian , Wang Weiguang , Ling Rong , Zou Shechang , Li Dongping , Guo Hong
Published: March 2024

Our study aimed to explore whether YT521-B homology domain family protein 2 (YTHDF2)-dependent m6A is involved in oxidative stress induced by I/R in vitro. We established a cell model of I/R by oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 cell line. The shRNAs were
used to silence YTHDF2 and Nrf2. The expression of YTHDF2 and Nrf2, levels of m6A, and the indicators related to oxidative stress (GSH, SOD and MDA) was detected in different cell groups. CCK8, flow cytometry, and ki67 fluorescence staining was used to evaluate the cell viability and apoptosis.
The levels of YTHDF2, m6A and MDA were increased in cells, while the levels of GSH and SOD were reduced by OGD/R. Also, the apoptosis in cells was increased after OGD/R, and with decreased cell viability. The knockdown of YTHDF2 could reduce the level of m6A, increase the expression of Nrf2.
Moreover, the levels of GSH and SOD were increased after exposure to YTHDF2-shRNA, while the level of MDA was decreased, and the cell viability was increased. Our study showed that YTHDF2-Dependent N6A mediates cerebral I/R injury via oxidative stress in vitro, which may constitute
a new target for stroke.
Microfibril-Associated Protein-3-Like Regulates TGFβ-Induced EMT Process via TNFR2/p38 MAPK Pathway in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Guo Sien , Liu Yongdong , Meng Yuanbiao , Yao Qishen , Zhang Yulan , Qin Xiao
Published: March 2024

Abdominal aortic inflammation (AAI) is a major arterial vasculitis characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Endothelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells (EMT) is one of the significant mechanisms of vasculitis fibrosis. Despite its importance, the molecular mechanism
of EMT in AAI remains poorly understood. In this study, we induced AAI in mice through intraperitoneal injection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). To analyze protein expression, we performed Western blotting. Additionally, we extracted RNA using the nanomagnetic bead method
to investigate the expression of functionally related genes. We conducted cell migration and invasion assays using scratch and Transwell techniques. Western blot analysis revealed the upregulation of microfibril-associated protein-3-like (MFAP3L) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 2
(TNFR2), along with p38 signaling pathway activation. Notably, MFAP3L expression played a crucial role in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ)-induced EMT process in endothelial cells. Furthermore, we identified that MFAP3L-mediated EMT relied on both TNFR2 expression and
the activity of the TNFR2/p38 signaling pathway.
Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA H19 in the Endometrium of Mice During Peri-Implantation and Its Regulation on Embryo Implantation
Authors: Li Haixia , Su Ning , Zhu Yaqiao , Wang Wei , Cai Meihong , Jiang Sushi , Luo Xiaohuan , Xia Wei
Published: March 2024

In this study, we utilized magnetic nanobeads for the extraction of nucleic acids from tissues to investigate the expression levels and correlation between lncRNA H19, miR-612, and their target gene HOXA10 in peri-implantation endometrium of mice. Furthermore, we conducted overexpression
or gene knockout experiments on lncRNA H19 to observe its impact on the expression of miR-612 and HOXA10. The targeted binding relationship between lncRNA H19, miR-612, and HOXA10 was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. The regulatory relationship between lncRNA H19, miR-612, and HOXA10
was verified through silencing or overexpression of these genes. Intrauterine transfection was used to modulate the expression of lncRNA H19 in endometria during pregnancy, followed by the detection of the expression levels of miR-612 and HOXA10 as well as ITGB3 and IGFBP-1 proteins. Compared
with non-pregnant mice, we observed a significant upregulation of both lncRNA H19 and HOXA10 in the endometria of pregnant mice, while miR-612 was found to be downregulated (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that the expression levels of lncRNA H19 and HOXA10 increased progressively
with gestational days, peaking on Day 4 (P < 0.05). Moreover, Through database analysis, we identified binding sites for lncRNA H19-miR-612 as well as HOXA10-miR-612 interactions. The dual-luciferase reporter assay further supported our conjecture that lncRNA H19 could specifically
bind the miR-612, which in turn targets HOXA10 to regulate its expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, regulations of lncRNA H19 and HOXA10 expression contribute to enhancing endometrial receptivity and facilitating decidualization of endometrial stromal cells, ultimately promoting
successful embryo implantation.
Digital Quantitative Analysis of the Relationship Between Periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Li Dong , Li Weiwen
Published: March 2024

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) constitutes an essential part of the subgingival dental plaque biofilm, serving as a significant factor in the development of periodontitis. Therefore, establishing a rapid and highly sensitive detection method for P. gingivalis
is crucial to effectively manage periodontitis and its associated complications. In this study, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology was employed for the detection of P. gingivalis, with a detection limit of 101 CFU/mL, exhibiting a 10-fold higher sensitivity compared to
qPCR (with a sensitivity of 102 CFU/mL). Furthermore, no cross-reactivity was observed with four other bacterial species. In comparison to real-time quantitative PCR, ddPCR demonstrated enhanced sensitivity in detecting P. gingivalis at lower concentrations in 16 simulated
samples, indicating its applicability for rapid detection of P. gingivalis.
Application of MicroRNA-124-Loaded Liposome Nanoparticles for Suppressing Pancreatic Cancer Cell Progression and Restraining Autophagy Through Targeting BECN1
Authors: Yang Weizhong , Xu Lu , Qin Xiaohong
Published: March 2024

This study determines the efficacy of microRNA (miR)-124-loaded liposome nanoparticles on pancreatic cancer (PC). Herein, pancreatic cells were co-cultured with miR-124-loaded nanoparticles, pure liposome nanoparticles (empty vector group) or cultured alone (control group). The cells
were administered with BECN1 inhibitor, and negative controls. The expression of autophagy-related factors (BECN1, P62, LC3) was determined by Western blot and cancer cell migration capacity was assessed by Transwell assay. The relation of miR-124 with BECN1 was assessed by bioinformatics
analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Compared with control group and the empty vector group, treatment with miR-124-loaded nanoparticles resulted in reduced number of migrated cells, scratch rate, and decreased expression of BECN1, P62, and LC3 (P < 0.05) without difference
between control group and empty vector group (P > 0.05). Additional administration of BECN1 inhibitor further decreased migration and invasion of PC cells and obtained lower level of BECN1, P62, and LC3 protein, which was significantly lower than control group and miR-124+BECN1 NC
group (P < 0.05). miR-124+BECN1 NC group exhibited lower expressions of BECN1, P62, and LC3 than control group (P < 0.05). Mechanistically, miR-124 targeted BECN1 to influence biological behaviors of PC cells. There is a target relationship between miR-124 and BECN1 in
PC. miR-124-loaded nanoparticles incorporated with BECN1 inhibitor restrained autophagy through down-regulation of BECN1, P62, and LC3 and suppressed PC cell invasion and migration. These findings provide a novel insight into targeted therapy for PC.
Study on Correlation and Mechanism of Procollagen Lysine 2 Oxoglutarate 5 Dioxygenase on Stem Cell Characteristics and Vasculogenic Mimicry Formation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Bo , Wang Ailian , Yu Lan , Wang Danna , Zhang Qiong , Song Wenqing
Published: March 2024

In this study, we investigated the significance of the stem cell transcription factor PLOD2 in esophageal cancer to enhance our understanding of its occurrence, development, recurrence, metastasis, and potential treatment. We conducted the following experiments: (1) Immunohistochemistry
revealed elevated PLOD2 protein levels in esophageal carcinoma compared to adjacent tissues, with higher levels associated with advanced disease stages and lower differentiation. (2) Immunofluorescence demonstrated increased PLOD2 expression in esophageal cancer cell lines TE-1 and Eca- 109,
suggesting a connection to cell differentiation. (3) We successfully transfected fluorescently labeled PLOD2 siRNA into cells, achieving a transfection rate of 67.57% and silencing efficiency exceeding 80%. (4) Following transfection, we observed a decreased proliferation rate in PLOD2 siRNA-treated
cells, indicating that PLOD2 reduction can slow esophageal cancer growth. These findings emphasize that PLOD2 plays a crucial role in esophageal cancer pathogenesis, particularly in low cell differentiation maintenance. It could serve as a promising target for inducing differentiation in esophageal
cancer and evaluating its malignancy. The high PLOD2 expression in esophageal cancer cell lines suggests the presence of tumor stem cells. Moreover, reducing PLOD2 through RNAi technology slows cell proliferation, suggesting that inhibiting PLOD2 may offer a potential therapeutic approach
for esophageal cancer treatment.
Associations among symbolic functioning, joint attention, expressive communication, and executive functioning of children in rural areas
Authors: Chiu Chun-Hao , Pillow Bradford H. ,   The Family Life Project Key Investigators
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations among children’s symbolic functioning at 15 months, joint attention at 24 months, expressive communication at 24 and 36 months, and executive functioning at 36 months. With the sample from rural areas in the United States collected by the Family Life Project ( N = 1,008), a longitudinal data analysis was conducted. The results of structural equation modeling suggested that children’s symbolic functioning at 15 months and children’s executive functioning at 36 months was directly related to each other. These two variables were also indirectly related to each other through joint attention at 24 months and expressive communication at 24 and 36 months. Psychological distancing and verbal and nonverbal communication were used to explain the role symbolic functioning plays in the development of executive functioning during the second and the third years of children’s lives.
Association Between Chondrolabral Junction Breakdown and Conversion to Total Hip Arthroplasty After Hip Arthroscopy for Symptomatic Labral Tears: Minimum 8-Year Follow-up
Authors: Dean Michael C. , Cherian Nathan J. , LaPorte Zachary L. , Eberlin Christopher T. , Wang Charles , Torabian Kaveh A. , Dowley Kieran S. , Kucharik Michael P. , Abraham Paul F. , Nazal Mark R. , Martin Scott D.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and symptomatic labral tears confers short- to midterm benefits, yet further long-term evidence is needed. Moreover, despite the physiological and biomechanical significance of the chondrolabral junction (CLJ), the clinical implications of damage to this transition zone remain understudied.

Purpose:

To (1) report minimum 8-year survivorship and patient-reported outcome measures after hip arthroscopy for FAI and (2) characterize associations between outcomes and patient characteristics (age, body mass index, sex), pathological parameters (Tönnis angle, alpha angle, type of FAI, CLJ breakdown), and procedures performed (labral management, FAI treatment, microfracture).

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopy for symptomatic labral tears secondary to FAI by a single surgeon between 2002 and 2013. All patients were ≥18 years of age with minimum 8-year follow-up and available preoperative radiographs. The primary outcome was conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA), and secondary outcomes included revision arthroscopy, patient-reported outcome measures, and patient satisfaction. CLJ breakdown was assessed using the Beck classification. Kaplan-Meier estimates and weighted Cox regression were used to estimate 10-year survivorship (no conversion to THA) and identify risk factors associated with THA conversion.

Results:

In this study of 174 hips (50.6% female; mean age, 37.8 ± 11.2 years) with mean follow-up of 11.1 ± 2.5 years, the 10-year survivorship rate was 81.6% (95% CI, 75.9%-87.7%). Conversion to THA occurred at a mean 4.7 ± 3.8 years postoperatively. Unadjusted analyses revealed several variables significantly associated with THA conversion, including older age; higher body mass index; higher Tönnis grade; labral debridement; and advanced breakdown of the CLJ, labrum, or articular cartilage. Survivorship at 10 years was inferior in patients exhibiting severe (43.6%; 95% CI, 31.9%-59.7%) versus mild (97.9%; 95% CI, 95.1%-100%) breakdown of the CLJ ( P < .001). Multivariable analysis identified worsening CLJ breakdown (weighted hazard ratio per 1-unit increase, 6.41; 95% CI, 3.11-13.24), older age (1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14), and higher Tönnis grade (4.59; 95% CI, 2.13-9.90) as independent negative prognosticators ( P < .001 for all).

Conclusion:

Although most patients achieved favorable minimum 8-year outcomes, several pre- and intraoperative factors were associated with THA conversion; of these, worse CLJ breakdown, higher Tönnis grade, and older age were the strongest predictors.
Pressing Evidence: Activating Khmer Rouge Archives
Authors: Elander Maria , Hughes Rachel
Published: March 2024

Across the world, non-state actors are documenting international crimes and creating archives for accountability purposes. In this article, we consider how archives and their records are ‘pressed into’ legal service. At a time of wider archive creations, we suggest the archives pertaining to the Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979) provide insights as a compelling ‘post-accountability’ case of the continuum of archival processes. By examining four Khmer Rouge archives, we demonstrate how records are activated in legal processes across different spacetimes, and how the records themselves ‘(im)press upon’ on the legal process. In these processes, different actors seek to control the narrative of the past through archival holdings. We find that entrepreneurial justice, especially in the crucible of a legal process, can create fierce competition between actors over the economic and social capital inherent in record-keeping that is ultimately detrimental to understanding and pluralising the past.
Analysis of planar arbitrarily curved microbeams with simplified strain gradient theory and Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam model
Authors: Vo Duy , Aung Zwe Yan , Le Toan Minh , Suttakul Pana , Atroshchenko Elena , Rungamornrat Jaroon
Published: March 2024

As the first endeavor in the context of Mindlin’s strain gradient theory, this study contributes a systematic and rigorous derivation for governing equations and boundary conditions of planar arbitrarily curved microbeams. The Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam model is incorporated into a simplified version of Mindlin’s strain gradient theory. Kinematic unknowns include displacement components of the beam axis in the local coordinate system and the rotation of cross-section. Since the derived governing equations and boundary conditions are extremely complex, analytical solutions are not achievable for microbeams having non-uniform curvature. To facilitate the numerical analysis, two isogeometric collocation formulations are proposed, that is, displacement-based and mixed formulations. Several tests are designed to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed isogeometric collocation formulations, especially with respect to the well-known locking pathology. It is found that the mixed formulation is more accurate and robust than the displacement-based one. Therefore, the mixed formulation is then used to numerically investigate the size-dependent behavior and stiffening effect. Furthermore, some informative tests are performed to delineate the significance of the curviness in the prediction of structural responses of planar arbitrarily curved microbeams, which appears to be still an unanswered issue.
Surgical Complications in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients with Cervical Lymph Node Metastases
Authors: Pham Minh-Chien , Nguyen Thang , Nguyen Hong-Phong
Published: March 2024

Background:

The reported complication rates of neck dissection are not specific patients with papillary thyroid cancer` with metastatic lymph nodes. This study aimed to describe the complication profile of neck dissection and the effect of concurrent lateral neck dissection on complication rates.

Methods:

This single-center prospective cohort study analyzed the data of 52 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy and therapeutic lymph node dissection between March 2021 and March 2023. The clinicopathologic characteristics of patients and surgical complications were analyzed.

Results:

The transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) and hypoparathyroidism rates were 55.8% and 51.9%, respectively. The chyle leakage rate was 5.8%. Tracheostomy was performed on 1 patient (1.9%). Patients with transient RLNP had more retrieved lymph nodes than patients without RLNP (5.5 ± 2.7 vs 3.9 ± 1.5, P = .013). The rates of transient RLNP and hypoparathyroidism were higher in the total thyroidectomy with central and lateral neck dissection group than the total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection group (62.2% vs 14.3%, P = .035 and 57.8% vs 14.3%, P = .046). Multivariate analysis showed that the increased number of retrieved lymph nodes in the central compartment and the addition of lateral neck dissection were independent risk factors for transient RLNP, with odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) of 0.72 (0.53-0.98) and 9.42 (1.02-87.34).

Conclusion:

The rates of transient RLNP and hypoparathyroidism after lymph node dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer with metastatic lymph nodes were high, and a greater number of retrieved lymph nodes in the central neck and the addition of lateral neck dissection were predictors for transient RLNP. These data may be used to discuss preoperatively with patients and make surgeons more cautious and meticulous during surgery to minimize complications.
Disability discrimination in the provision of health insurance: Article 25(e) of the UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities
Authors: Yang Daryl WJ
Published: March 2024

Article 25(e) of the CRPD obliges State Parties to “prohibit discrimination against persons with disabilities in the provision of health insurance… which shall be provided in a fair and reasonable manner”. Equal access to health insurance is critical in ensuring that persons with disabilities can enjoy the highest attainable standard of health. However, the scope and substance of Article 25(e) have not been examined in existing scholarship on the CRPD. Standing at the intersection of international human rights law, disability studies and insurance law, this article fills the lacuna by offering a balanced interpretation of Article 25(e) that aims to strike a balance between actuarial fairness and the CRPD’s prohibition against all forms of disability discrimination. Greater clarity in the interpretation of Article 25(e) would therefore assist State Parties in properly complying with their obligations under the CRPD. Civil society, including disabled people and their representative organizations, would also be empowered to hold their governments to account where the laws and policies in the country have fallen short of what is expected under Article 25(e).
My news, your news, and our news: Self-presentational motivations and three levels of issue relevance in news sharing on social media
Authors: Ihm Jennifer , Kim Eun-mee
Published: March 2024

Research on news sharing has focused on the societal relevance of news as the core value of traditional journalism or the informational characteristics of viral news on social media. In contrast, this study reinterprets news-sharing behaviors as interpersonal communication of news sharers presenting themselves to their personal networks beyond the distribution of societally important information. Through analyzing survey responses from 463 news sharers and the actual news they shared on social media, results suggest that news sharers consider their relationship with their audience and the personal and audience relevance of news to present their ideal selves and please their audience. By expanding the traditional emphasis on the societal relevance and informational characteristics of news, this study develops a theoretical framework to understand news sharing as interpersonal communication. It also provides future directions to conceptualize issue relevance at different levels and capture changed news-sharing behaviors in the era of networked individualism.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment and inequalities: a systematic review of international evidence and critical appraisal of statistical methods
Authors: Abugamza A , Kaskirbayeva D , Charlwood A , Nikolova S , Martin A
Published: March 2024

Aims:

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individual labour market outcomes and how these vary over time and between different groups of individuals.

Methods:

Searches were conducted using Medline, Scopus and EconLit. Grey literature searches used Google Scholar and Econpapers. Study quality was assessed using the risk of bias in non-randomised studies of exposure tool (ROBINS-E), accompanied by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to identify relevant mediators, moderators and confounders.

Results:

A total of 85 studies (77 peer-reviewed articles, 8 working papers) were included. The ROBINS-E showed that the overall risk of bias varied between studies from low ( n = 14), moderate ( n = 56) to serious ( n = 15). Studies also varied in terms of outcome measures, study designs and the academic disciplines of researchers. Generally, studies using data collected before and during the pandemic showed large negative effects on employment, working hours and income. Studies that assessed moderators (e.g. by industry, occupation, age, gender, race and country of birth) indicated the pandemic has likely worsened pre-existing disparities in health and work. Generally, women, less educated, non-whites and young workers were affected the most, perhaps due to their jobs involving high levels of personal contact (e.g. hospitality, sales and entertainment) and being less amenable to remote working. The DAG highlighted methodological challenges in drawing robust inferences about COVID-19’s impact on employment, including the lack of an unexposed control group.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 health crisis caused unanticipated and unprecedented changes to employment opportunities around the world, with potential long-term health consequences. Further research should investigate the longer-term impact of COVID-19, with greater attention given to low- and middle-income countries. Our study provides guidance on the design and critical appraisal of future studies.
A phase I trial of pevonedistat in combination with ruxolitinib for the treatment of myelofibrosis
Authors: Kong Tim , Gaudin Nicole , Gordon Karyn , Cox Maggie J. , Zhou Amy W. , Oh Stephen T.
Published: March 2024

Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors such as ruxolitinib have become standard-of-care therapy for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs); however, activation of alternate oncogenic pathways including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) has limited durable response as single-agent therapy. With the rationale of targeting both pathways, we conducted a phase I dose escalation trial of pevonedistat in combination with ruxolitinib for the treatment of patients with myelofibrosis (NCT03386214). The primary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of combination therapy with additional objectives of treatment efficacy and alterations of biomarkers. There were no dose-limiting toxicities observed with most adverse events being limited to grades 1/2. In secondary measures, anemia response was observed in two patients. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and iron parameters were longitudinally assessed, which revealed suppression of interleukin-6 and interferon-gamma in a dose-dependent manner across a subset of patients. These results suggest that combination therapy targeting both JAK2 and NFκB may hold clinical merit for MPN patients.
Role of gamma-irradiated sodium alginate on growth, physiological and active components of iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plant
Authors: Aly Amina A. , Eliwa Noha E. , Safwat Gehan
Published: March 2024

Background

One of the most widely recognized biostimulators of plant development; is oligoalginate, which regulates the biological processes of plants and was used in horticultural fields as a plant growth regulator. The plan of the current research was to study, however, the foliar application of un-irradiated and irradiated Na-alginate (UISA and ISA) to improve the growth, physiological activity, and other active components of the Egyptian iceberg lettuce plant. Degraded Na-alginate is equipped with exposure of sodium alginate in its solid state to gamma-rays at different dose levels (0.0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kGy). The characterization of the oligo-alginates achieved by γ-radiation deprivation at different dose levels was performed by FTIR, XRD, TGA, SEM, and TEM. Different concentrations of irradiated sodium alginate at dose levels of 100 kGy (200, 400, 600, and 800 ppm, as well as deionized water used as a control) were sprayed with a hand sprayer every week after transplanting the iceberg lettuce seedlings in the field until the harvest stage. Morphological traits were evaluated, as well as pigments, ascorbic acid, phenols, flavonoids, soluble proteins, and antioxidant activity.

Results

Irradiated Na-alginate resulted in the depolymerization of Na-alginate into small molecular-weight oligosaccharides, and the best dose to use was 100 kGy. Certain chemical modifications in the general structure were observed by FTIR analysis. Two absorbed bands at 3329 cm−1 and 1599 cm−1, were recognized that are assigned to O–H and C-O stretching, respectively, and peaks achieved at 1411 cm−1 represent the COO-stretching group connected to the sodium ion. The peak obtained at 1028 cm−1 was owing to the stretching vibration of C-O. The results of TGA provided that the minimum weight reminder was in the ISA at 100 kGy (28.12%) compared to the UISA (43.39%). The images of TEM pointed out that the Na-alginate was globular in shape, with the particle distribution between 12.8 and 21.7 nm in ISA at 100 kGy. Irradiated sodium alginate caused a noteworthy enhancement in the vegetative growth traits (leaf area, stem length, head weight, and leaf number). By spraying 400 ppm, ISA showed a maximum increase in total pigments (2.209 mg/g FW), ascorbic acid (3.13 mg/g fresh weight), phenols (1.399 mg/g FW), flavonoids (0.775 mg/g FW), and antioxidant activities (82.14. %). Also, there were correlation coefficients (R values) between leaf area, stem length, head weight, and leaf number values with total pigment content, antioxidant activity, total soluble proteins, and ascorbic acid.

Conclusions

The outcomes of the recent investigation demonstrated that the application of spraying irradiated Na-alginate (100 kGy) resulted in an improvement of the considered characters.
Purulent pericarditis caused by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria
Authors: Mascarenhas Lorraine , Agakishiev Dzhalal , Freeman Morgan , Hubers Scott
Published: March 2024

Background

Purulent pericarditis (PP)— a purulent infection involving the pericardial space—requires a high index of suspicion for diagnosis as it often lacks characteristic signs of pericarditis and carries a mortality rate as high as 40% even with treatment. Common risk factors include immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, thoracic surgery, malignancy, and uremia. Most reported cases of PP occur in individuals with predisposing risk factors, such as immunosuppression, and result from more commonly observed preceding infections, such as pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and meningitis. We report a case of PP due to asymptomatic bacteriuria in a previously immunocompetent individual on a short course of high-dose steroids.

Case presentation

An 81-year-old male presented for severe epigastric pain that worsened with inspiration. He had been on high-dose prednisone for presumed inflammatory hip pain. History was notable for urinary retention requiring intermittent self-catheterization and asymptomatic bacteriuria and urinary tract infections due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). During the index admission he was found to have a moderate pericardial effusion. Pericardial fluid cultures grew MSSA that had an identical antibiogram to that of the urine cultures. A diagnosis of purulent pericarditis was made.

Conclusion

PP requires a high index of suspicion, especially in hosts with atypical risk factors. This is the second case of PP occurring as a result of asymptomatic MSSA bacteriuria. Through reporting this case we hope to highlight the importance of early recognition of PP and the clinical implications of asymptomatic MSSA bacteriuria in the setting of urinary instrumentation and steroid use.
Patient experience of non-conveyance in the EMS of Southwest Finland: a descriptive survey study
Authors: Skaffari Eetu , Iirola Timo , Nordquist Hilla
Published: March 2024

Background

Emergency Medical Services are dispatched more frequently than before. However, many non-urgent patients do not need ambulance transportation to a healthcare facility after evaluation and treatment on scene. This study explored the experiences of non-conveyed patients. Our research questions were: (1) How have non-conveyed patients experienced the service received from EMS? (2) Does a patient’s age, gender, or time of the emergency call impact the patient’s experience?

Methods

This descriptive survey study examined non-conveyed Emergency Medical Services patients in the Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland. The study period was from March 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023. The study population was 1017. They received a questionnaire that was sent by mail. The questionnaire was formed based on questions previously used in four different questionnaires. We received 247 answers (24.3% response rate). Percentages, medians with interquartile ranges, and non-parametric tests were used in the descriptive analyses.

Results

Non-conveyed patients were very satisfied with the paramedics’ expertise and behavior, their ability to meet their individual needs, the sense of safety provided by the paramedics, and the instructions given to the patients. Time to receive help (19% rated 3 or less on a scale from 1 to 5), how paramedics introduced themselves (16.5%), and satisfaction with non-conveyance decisions (14.6%) were more frequently rated lower than other areas. Further, pain management stood out in the less favorable evaluations. Still, patients’ experiences of the service were positive. The age group, gender, or time of the emergency call were not associated with patient experience.

Conclusions

Patients were very satisfied with the paramedics’ interpersonal skills. A more focused approach to pain management and developing EMS to ensure faster patient outreach and clearer explanations of non-conveyance decisions could further enhance the patient experience.
One-year emergency department visits for children < 18 years of age, associated factors and frequency of primary general practitioner or pediatrician visits before: a French observational study (2018–19)
Authors: Pergeline Jeanne , Lesuffleur Thomas , Fresson Jeanne , Vilain Annick , Rachas Antoine , Tuppin Philippe
Published: March 2024

Background

This study was designed to identify factors associated with at least one emergency department (ED) visit and those associated without consultation by a general practitioner or paediatrician (GPP) before ED visit. Levels of annual consumption of healthcare services as a function of the number of ED visit were reported.

Methods

This retrospective study focused on children < 18 years of age living in mainland France and followed for one-year after their birth or birthday in 2018. Children were selected from the national health data system, which includes data on healthcare reimbursements, long-term chronic diseases (LTD) eligible for 100% reimbursement, and individual complementary universal insurance (CMUc) status granted to households with a low annual income. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression.

Results

There were 13.211 million children included (94.2% of children; girls 48.8%). At least one annual ED visit was found for 24% (1: 16%, 2: 5%, 3 or more: 3%) and 14% of visits led to hospitalization. Factors significantly associated with at least one ED visit were being a girl (47.1%; OR = 0.92), age < 1 year (9.1%; OR = 2.85), CMUc (22.7%, OR = 1.45), an ED in the commune of residence (33.3%, OR = 1.15), type 1 diabetes (0.25%; OR = 2.4), epilepsy (0.28%; OR = 2.1), and asthma (0.39%; OR = 2.0). At least one annual short stay hospitalisation (SSH) was found for 8.8% children of which 3.4% after an ED visit. A GPP visit the three days before or the day of the ED visit was found for 19% of children (< 1 year: 29%, 14–17 years: 13%). It was 30% when the ED was followed by SSH and 17% when not. Significant factors associated with the absence of a GPP visit were being a girl (OR = 0.9), age (1 year OR = 1.4, 14–17 years OR = 3.5), presence of an ED in the commune of residence (OR = 1.12), epilepsy LTD (OR = 1.1).

Conclusion

The low level of visits to GPP prior to a visit to the ED and the associated factors are the elements to be taken into account for appropriate policies to limit ED overcrowding. The same applies to factors associated with a visit to the ED, in order to limit daily variations.
Construction and validation of a nomogram for cancer specific survival of postoperative pancreatic cancer based on the SEER and China database
Authors: Peng Wei , Yu Xiaopeng , Yang Renyi , Nie Sha , Jian Xiaolan , Zeng Puhua
Published: March 2024

Background

The recurrence rate and mortality rate among postoperative pancreatic cancer patients remain elevated. This study aims to develop and validate the cancer-specific survival period for individuals who have undergone pancreatic cancer surgery.

Methods

We extracted eligible data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and randomly divided all patients into a training cohort and an internal validation cohort. External validation was performed using a separate Chinese cohort. The nomogram was developed using significant risk factors identified through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. The effectiveness of the nomogram was assessed using the area under the time-dependent curve, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were utilized to visualize the risk stratification of nomogram and AJCC stage.

Results

Seven variables were identified through univariate and multivariate analysis to construct the nomogram. The consistency index of the nomogram for predicting overall survival was 0.683 (95% CI: 0.675–0.690), 0.689 (95% CI: 0.677–0.701), and 0.823 (95% CI: 0.786–0.860). The AUC values for the 1- and 2-year time-ROC curves were 0.751 and 0.721 for the training cohort, 0.731 and 0.7554 for the internal validation cohort, and 0.901 and 0.830 for the external validation cohorts, respectively. Calibration plots demonstrated favorable consistency between the predictions of the nomogram and actual observations. Moreover, the decision curve analysis indicated the clinical utility of the nomogram, and the risk stratification of the nomogram effectively identified high-risk patients.

Conclusion

The nomogram guides clinicians in assessing the survival period of postoperative pancreatic cancer patients, identifying high-risk groups, and devising tailored follow-up strategies.
Relationship between sacral-abdominal wall distance, movement performance, and spinal alignment in osteoporosis: a retrospective study
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Miyagami Makoto , Nakamura Shota , Sakamoto Keizo , Ishikawa Koji , Okano Ichiro , Kasai Fumihito , Kudo Yoshifumi , Kawate Nobuyuki
Published: March 2024

Background

Aging is associated with muscle atrophy, as typified by sarcopenia. Loss of abdominal muscle strength can cause abdominal wall laxity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the sacral vertebra–abdominal wall distance (SAD) and movement performance using a simple lateral spine X-ray image for measuring the SAD.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we included women aged ≥ 65 years who were attending the outpatient clinic for osteoporosis at our hospital. A total of 287 patients (mean age ± SD, 76.8 ± 7.1 years) with measured SAD were included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups based on SAD cutoff (160 mm) and age (75 years), respectively. The patients were examined using the two-foot 20 cm rise test, 3 m Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, two-step test, open-eyed one-leg standing time, and spinal alignment. Normally distributed data are expressed as means (standard deviations) and non-normally distributed data as medians (interquartile range), depending on the results of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Student’s t-test and χ2 test were used for between-group comparisons. Regression analysis was performed with SAD as the objective variable. A two-sided p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The shorter SAD group performed better in the two-step test, TUG test, and open-eyed one-leg standing time (p < 0.001) as well as in the two-foot 20 cm rise test (p < 0.01) compared to the longer SAD group. Spinal alignment was better in the shorter SAD group than in the longer SAD group, with a shorter sagittal vertical axis (p < 0.001), smaller pelvic tilt (p < 0.001), and greater sacral slope (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

SAD was associated with posterior pelvic tilt and movement performance parameters. In addition to testing for osteoporosis, movement performance parameters should be evaluated in women with osteoporosis who are aged ≥ 65 and have greater SAD (≥ 160 mm in this study). The SAD is a new assessment method, and further research is required to verify its validity and reproducibility. This is the first attempt to determine how age and SAD affect movement performance in older adults.
Improving the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease through the combination of three-dimensional echocardiography and image guided surgery
Authors: Jiang Yong
Published: March 2024

Objective

The paper aimed to improve the accuracy limitations of traditional two-dimensional ultrasound and surgical procedures in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease (chd), and to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level of chd.

Method

This article first collected patient data through real-time imaging and body surface probes, and then diagnosed 150 patients using three-dimensional echocardiography. In order to verify the effectiveness of the combination therapy, 60 confirmed patients were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received conventional two-dimensional ultrasound and surgical treatment, while the experimental group received three-dimensional ultrasound and image guided surgical treatment.

Result

In the second diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of type 1, type 2, and type 3 in the control group was 84.21%, 84.02%, and 83.38%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy rates of type 1, type 2, and type 3 in the experimental group were 92.73%, 92.82%, and 92.83%, respectively. In the control group, 2 males and 1 female experienced heart failure after surgery. However, in the experimental group, 0 males and 0 females experienced heart failure after surgery.

Conclusion

The combination of three-dimensional echocardiography and image guided surgery can improve diagnostic accuracy and surgical treatment effectiveness, thereby reducing risks and complications, and improving surgical success rate.
Impact of early preeclampsia prediction on medication adherence and behavior change: a survey of pregnant and recently-delivered individuals
Authors: Cowan Alison , Haverty Carrie , MacDonald Reece , Khodursky Arkady
Published: March 2024

Background

Behavior change and medication adherence represent potential barriers to optimal prevention of pregnancy complications including preeclampsia. We sought to evaluate baseline sentiments on pregnancy care and medication amenability, and how these measures would be impacted by early predictive testing for preeclampsia.

Methods

We developed a digital survey to query participants’ baseline sentiments on pregnancy care, knowledge about pregnancy complications, and views on a hypothetical test to predict preeclampsia. The survey was administered online to pregnant and recently-delivered individuals in the United States. Survey data were analyzed using pooled two-sample proportion z-tests with adjustment for multiple comparisons.

Results

One thousand and twenty-two people completed the survey. 84% reported they were satisfied with their pregnancy care. Self-assessed knowledge about preeclampsia was high, with 75% of respondents reporting they have a “good understanding” of preeclampsia, but measured knowledge was low, with only 10% able to identify five common signs/symptoms of preeclampsia. Notably, 40% of participants with prior preeclampsia believed they were at average or below-average risk for recurrence. 91% of participants desired early pregnancy predictive testing for preeclampsia. If found to be at high risk for preeclampsia, 88% reported they would be more motivated to follow their provider’s medication recommendations and 94% reported they would desire home blood pressure monitoring. Increased motivation to follow clinicians’ medication and monitoring recommendations was observed across the full spectrum of medication amenability. Individuals who are more medication-hesitant still reported high rates of motivation to change behavior and adhere to medication recommendations if predictive testing showed a high risk of preeclampsia. Importantly, a high proportion of medication-hesitant individuals reported that if a predictive test demonstrated they were at high risk of preeclampsia, they would feel more motivated to take medications (83.0%) and aspirin (75.9%) if recommended.

Conclusion

While satisfaction with care is high, participants desire more information about their pregnancy health, would value predictive testing for preeclampsia, and report they would act on this information. Improved detection of at-risk individuals through objective testing combined with increased adherence to their recommended care plan may be an important step to remedy the growing gap in prevention.
Personality and motivation of physical activity in adolescent girls: effects of perceived parental support and social physical anxiety
Authors: Fathirezaie Zahra , Badicu Georgian , Yagin Fatma Hilal , Aghdasi Mohamadtaghi , Zamani Sani Seyed Hojjat , Abbaspour Kosar , Ballı Özgür Mülazımoğlu , Entezar Sara , Ardigò Luca Paolo
Published: March 2024

In the present study, we investigated the relationship between personality and motivation for physical activity while introducing perceived parental support and social physical anxiety in adolescent girls (N = 318, Mage: 16.19 ± 0.51 years). The present study was a retrospective correlational study that was conducted to analyze of a path model. Dark triad traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, student’s motivation for physical activity, social physique anxiety, and participants’ perceptions of parents’ behaviors were measured. The findings indicated that psychopathy and Machiavellianism were directly and indirectly associated with motivation for physical activity, but Narcissism could only directly predict the motivation for physical activity. Also, need-thwarting (the most), need-supportive and social physical anxiety could predict motivation for physical activity. This model of the result suggests that among adolescent girls, dark triad personality could, directly and indirectly, predict motivation with need-supportive and need-thwarting and also social physical anxiety. It seems that the sense of importance and more attention to oneself in adolescent girls, which exists in the narcissistic personality, can directly lead to more motivation for physical activity. Also, the duplicitous ways of Machiavellian people in pursuing their motives were confirmed in this research.
Visual memory and alcohol use in a middle-aged birth cohort
Authors: Mazumder Atiqul Haq , Barnett Jennifer H. , Halt Anu-Helmi , Taivalantti Marjo , Kerkelä Martta , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Veijola Juha
Published: March 2024

Light and moderate alcohol use has been reported to be associated with both impaired and enhanced cognition. The purpose of this study was to explore whether there was a linear relationship between visual memory and alcohol consumption in males and females in a large middle-aged birth cohort population in cross-sectional and longitudinal settings. Data were collected from 5585 participants completing 31-year (1997–1998) and 46-year (2012–2014) follow-ups including Paired Associate Learning (PAL) test at 46-years follow-up. The participants were originally from 12,231 study population of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966). The PAL test was conducted to assess visual memory. Reported alcohol use was measured as total daily use of alcohol, beer, wine, and spirits converted into grams and as frequency and amount of use of beer, wine, and spirits. The total daily alcohol use was not associated with reduced visual memory. The frequency of use of beer and wine in males was associated with better visual memory in cross-sectional and longitudinal settings. Using six or more servings of spirits was associated with worse visual memory in males in cross-sectional and longitudinal settings. The study suggested a lack of a linear association between drinking and visual memory in the middle-aged population.