bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Powering Pro-Environment Behavior: The Impact of Unlocking Reward Strategy on Pro-Environmental Behavior
Authors: Yang Zhongxi , He Lili , Huang Tianjing
Published: November 2024

Global environmental challenges threaten both sustainable societal development and daily human life. As these issues intensify, promoting pro-environmental behaviors has become a key research priority. While reward strategies have been proven effective in encouraging such behaviors, most research has focused on the content of rewards, leaving the method of reward delivery underexplored. This study investigates the effects of an unlocking reward strategy on pro-environmental behavior, grounded in the Goal-Setting Theory, while also exploring the psychological mechanisms and boundary conditions that influence these effects. Three studies were conducted to test the hypotheses. Study 1 demonstrated that the unlocking reward strategy (compared to direct rewards) significantly increased pro-environmental behaviors. Study 2 showed that self-efficacy mediates this effect, as the unlocking reward strategy enhances self-efficacy, which in turn promotes pro-environmental behaviors. Study 3 revealed that commitment serves as a crucial moderator, amplifying the positive impact of the unlocking reward strategy. This research not only broadens the scope of reward strategy literature but also elucidates key drivers of pro-environmental behavior, offering practical insights for marketers, policymakers, and organizations aiming to foster sustainable practices.
Energy-Saving Potential of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Technology Applied to a Library in Changsha, China
Authors: Xian Genqiang , Duan Zhiyin , Shan Keqin , Dong Xuelin
Published: November 2024

With the increasing number of public buildings worldwide, their energy consumption has garnered significant attention. This study aims to promote building energy efficiency and emission reduction by exploring the application of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic technology in library retrofitting. Using a library in Changsha City as a case study, we conducted an energy consumption analysis of the building’s envelope and identified the window section as the highest energy consumer. We proposed a novel improvement scheme—the sun-shading photovoltaic panel (which shades the sun while generating electricity). Additionally, we utilized the roof space for the installation of conventional photovoltaic panels. Simultaneously, the primary objective of this paper was to derive a renovation strategy for public buildings in regions characterized by high summer temperatures and low winter temperatures based on the renovation case of this library. This paper comprehensively investigates the length and angle of sun-shading photovoltaic panels facing different directions, as well as the azimuth angle, tilt angle, and installation spacing of the conventional photovoltaic panels on the roof. Two retrofitting schemes were proposed. Through simulation and comparison, the second scheme was found to reduce the annual electricity consumption by 1,233,354 kWh, achieving a 35.4% decrease compared to the original building. Using the Changsha library as a template for public buildings, this study provided a retrofitting approach with Building-Integrated Photovoltaic technology via DesignBuilder, which could be extended to other geographic locations. The results demonstrated the significant energy-saving effects of the proposed retrofitting scheme.
A Spatial Landslide Risk Assessment Based on Hazard, Vulnerability, Exposure, and Adaptive Capacity
Authors: Tran Thong Xuan , Liu Sihong , Ha Hang , Bui Quynh Duy , Nguyen Long Quoc , Nguyen Dinh Quoc , Trinh Cong-Ty , Luu Chinh
Published: November 2024

Landslides threaten human life, property, and vital infrastructure in most mountainous regions. As climate change intensifies extreme weather patterns, the landslide risk is likely to increase, resulting in challenges for disaster management, sustainability development, and community resilience. This study presents a comprehensive framework for assessing landslide risk, integrating advanced machine learning models with the Iyengar–Sudarshan method. Our case study is Son La province, the Northwest region of Vietnam, with data collected from 1771 historical landslide occurrences and fifteen influencing factors for developing landslide susceptibility maps using advanced ensemble machine learning models. The Iyengar–Sudarshan method was applied to determine the weights for landslide exposure, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity indicators. The resulting landslide risk map shows that the highest-risk districts in Son La province are located in the central and northeastern regions, including Mai Son, Phu Yen, Thuan Chau, Yen Chau, Song Ma, and Bac Yen. These districts experience high landslide hazards, exposure, and vulnerability, often affecting densely populated urban and village areas with vulnerable populations, such as young children, the elderly, and working-age women. In contrast, due to minimal exposure, Quynh Nhai and Muong La districts have lower landslide risks. Despite having high exposure and vulnerability, Son La City is situated in a low-susceptibility zone with high adaptive capacity, resulting in a low landslide risk for this region. The proposed framework provides a reference tool for mitigating risk and enhancing strategic decision making in areas susceptible to landslides while advancing our understanding of landslide dynamics and fostering community resilience and long-term disaster prevention.
A Systematic Review of the Trends, Effects, and Deterrents of Collective Marketing Participation Among Smallholder Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Magakwe Nkhubedu , Olorunfemi Oluwasogo
Published: November 2024

Smallholder farmers’ participation in collective marketing is essential for the growth of smallholder farming businesses and the sustainability of their livelihoods. Collective marketing provides smallholder farmers with increased opportunities to scale up market access and participation. Given the challenges that the majority of smallholder farmers still face regarding market access and participation, this review was conducted to explore the trends and effects of collective marketing participation, as well as the barriers to participation among smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The results show that collective marketing has a high potential to give smallholder farmers access to both formal and informal market participation, as well as recognition by public and private support structures. To improve collective marketing participation among SSA countries, more focused and content-specific strategies and interventions are needed to address the complex socio-economic and structural barriers that limit smallholder farmers’ ability to fully benefit from collective marketing initiatives across the region.
Assessment of Circular Economy Development in the EU Countries Based on SAW Method
Authors: Grybaitė Virginija , Burinskienė Aurelija
Published: November 2024

The transition to a circular economy is important in achieving sustainability, promoting resource efficiency, and reducing environmental impact. This paper aims to assess the development of a CE in EU countries and highlight the use of environmentally friendly practices for its development. Decision-making methods based on various criteria provide a solid basis for evaluating complex and multidimensional circular economy (CE) initiatives. Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), the widely used MCDM method, facilitates sorting and selection according to the generalised results obtained according to weighted criteria. Due to its simplicity and ease of use, this method is particularly useful for assessing CE development in different countries. The evaluation will be based on a comprehensive overview of the available literature and empirical data, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the CE’s development initiatives in the European context using the SAW method. The results show that while significant progress has been made in the EU’s transition to a circular economy (CE), disparities among Member States and data limitations hinder a comprehensive assessment. Italy, Germany, France, the Netherlands, and Spain are among the most advanced countries in achieving a circular economy’s objectives. The study proposes a novel MCDM-based framework that effectively evaluates CE performance, identifying key strengths and weaknesses across countries. By focusing on competitiveness and innovation indicators and incorporating environmental factors, the framework offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders.
Socio-Economic Profile and Vulnerabilities Assessment in Small-Scale Fisheries of Lower Gangetic Flood Plain Wetland: An Initiative Towards Achieving Wetland Ecosystem Sustainability and Community Well-Being
Authors: Bhattacharya Shreya , Das Basanta Kumar , Roy Aparna , Nayak Prateep Kumar , Saha Avishek , Parida Pranaya Kumar , Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia , Mondal Kausik , Chakraborty Sangeeta
Published: November 2024

ICAR-CIFRI has been continuously working to develop wetland fisheries in a transdisciplinary knowledge-to-action mode to upscale the livelihood of vulnerable small-scale fishermen communities. The integrated development approach was initiated in different lower Gangetic floodplain wetlands of North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India, to increase the fish production and socio-economic development of small-scale fishermen communities of the wetlands. Duma is one of the most extensive horseshoe-shaped wetlands in Asia. To augment the fish production from this wetland, the pen culture system was adopted by the fishers under the supervision of ICAR-CIFRI in 2021. Within a year, they received 15 tons of commercial fish, valued at around 30 lakhs apart from the small indigenous fish. It has recently been advised that auto-stocked, high-value minor carp in the wetland be adopted to improve income and conserve small indigenous species. In this article, SDG 14 (Life below water) addresses sustainable ecosystem management and livelihood enhancement for the wellbeing of the local people (SDG 3). Nutritional security of the local people is maintained through the small indigenous fish species which is crucial for addressing ‘No hunger’ as per SDG-2. The research also proves that women can play a crucial role in small-scale fisheries and they can economically stand alone, which is the main aim of SDG-5 (gender equality). However, significant issues such as lack of jurisdictional coordination, ecological changes, inequitable distribution of benefits, and income reduction persist in wetland management. The need for urgent reformation of policy and resource management systems is crucial to boost the economic efficiency of the SSF in the wetland. Training for more knowledge on fishing and fish farming, acquiring alternative livelihood and education on financial management should be brought to the fishermen’s communities. These could develop a resilient community that is more equipped to respond to future crises.
Correlation Among Teacher ICT Teaching, Teacher Immediacy Behaviors, Teacher–Student Rapport, and Student Engagement in Smart Classroom Teaching
Authors: Hou Ge
Published: November 2024

With the constant evolution of information and communication technology (ICT), smart classrooms have profoundly influenced Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) by presenting advanced ICT that markedly improved the effectiveness and quality of teaching and learning. Teacher communication technology teaching and immediacy behaviors are crucial for leading and reforming the teaching and learning process in smart classrooms. Meanwhile, teacher–student rapport and student engagement are also key factors that influence ESD. This study aims to investigate the correlation among teacher ICT teaching, teacher immediacy behaviors, teacher–student rapport and student engagement in smart classroom teaching. We surveyed 1032 Chinese university students using the questionnaire method and analyzed the data using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings revealed that teacher ICT teaching and immediacy behaviors exerted a noteworthy positive impact on student engagement and teacher–student rapport. Meanwhile, teacher ICT teaching markedly positively correlated with verbal immediacy but markedly negatively correlated with nonverbal immediacy. These findings have practical implications for ESD: in smart classrooms, teacher ICT teaching and their immediacy behaviors serve as vital factors in augmenting teaching quality, encouraging student engagement and fostering harmonious teacher–student rapport. Thus, teachers must harness their ICT teaching skills, flexibly assimilate instant behaviors into the teaching process and interact with students in a richer and more diversified manner to effectively augment teaching quality and promote the overall and sustainable growth of students. Furthermore, this study can inform the expansion of smart classrooms, which in the future should not only offer teachers a convenient teaching and learning environment but also evade ICT that limits teacher nonverbal immediacy behaviors.
Ten Simple Rules for Incorporating the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into Environmental and Natural Science Courses
Authors: Ghazian Nargol , Lortie C. J.
Published: November 2024

In 2015, the United Nations (UN) established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to combat poverty, inequality, and climate change. Recently, integrating these goals into higher education curricula has emerged as essential for fostering positive environmental and civic engagement. Challenges persist, particularly the prioritization of social and economic concerns over eco-centered principles and ecopedagogy. Education must emphasize the politics of environmental issues, advocating sustainable practices that benefit both humans and nonhuman species. This article proposes ten simple rules for incorporating the SDGs into undergraduate courses in ecology, evolution, and environmental science. We conducted a literature review, analyzing 940 publications from 2014 to 2024 using ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar. We focused on fields like Green Sustainable Science and Technology and Environmental Education to identify the best practices for integrating SDGs. Our findings link pedagogical successes to the SDGs, facilitating effective educational strategies. For practical sustainability education, students must grasp the interplay between the environment and societal elements such as diversity, justice, and resilience. Connecting course topics to the SDGs offers a powerful framework for teaching undergraduates about complex environmental challenges. Our research highlights a novel approach to embedding SDGs in environmental education, promoting critical thinking and literacy across various settings.
Structural and Textural Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash Subjected to Periodic Seasoning
Authors: Dutka Barbara , Rada Simona , Godyń Katarzyna , Moldovan Dumitrita , Chelcea Ramona Ioana , Tram Maciej
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the structural and textural description of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash that was subjected to a six-month seasoning process. Bottom ash samples, with a particle size fraction of 0.063–0.1 mm, were seasoned in a closed landfill and collected for laboratory analyses at monthly intervals. The research focused on determining the structural parameters, using methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and the textural parameters, using low-pressure nitrogen adsorption (LPNA) at −196.15 °C. The analyses of the porous structure of the bottom ash samples revealed differences in texture of ASH 1 to ASH 6, specifically in the pore volume (micro- and mesopores), specific surface area, and pore size distribution. Changes in the structural and porous characteristics of the samples were attributed to the duration of the seasoning process. The results of the structural analysis of the bottom ash suggest its application in the concrete industry, potentially enhancing the long-term mechanical strength of concrete. The results of the textural analysis indicate the possible use of MSWI bottom ash in environmental applications, as the internal surface area could be further developed.
Modern Bioeconomy Measurement in the Green Economy Paradigm: Four Pillars of Alternative Bioeconomy
Authors: Nifatova Olena , Danko Yuriy , Petrychuk Svitlana , Romanenko Vladyslav
Published: November 2024

The bioeconomic transition is not always seen as sustainable and environmentally friendly. In particular, it may contribute to increased global inequality, affect economic and social stability, and increase dependence on innovative biotechnologies that may be unaffordable for many countries. These issues are causing considerable controversy in the scientific community and require rethinking the balance between technology, ecology, and social justice. The motivation for this study was the need to provide a critical analysis of modern scientific production in order to find systematic evidence in the debate of the scientific community on bioeconomy. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications from 2013 to 2023 from the Scopus database and identified scientific trajectories that contribute to the elimination of contradictions and debates around rethinking the balance of technological and environmental friendliness in the bioeconomic concept. The analysis of the publications has shown that the bioeconomy is actively integrated with the concepts of green and circular economies, but its impact on sustainability remains controversial. In particular, bioeconomic approaches can lead to environmental and social problems, such as depletion of bioresources and unequal access to biotechnology. Accordingly, four pillars of the alternative bioeconomy have been identified that can contribute to a more balanced development of this area.
An IPA Analysis of Tourist Perception and Satisfaction with Nisville Jazz Festival Service Quality
Authors: Bratić Marija , Pavlović Danijel , Kovačić Sanja , Pivac Tatjana , Marić Stanković Anđelina , Vujičić Miroslav D. , Anđelković Željko
Published: November 2024

This paper applies Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to investigate potential satisfaction or dissatisfaction with service quality at the internationally recognized Nisville Jazz Festival. The research was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20, including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, factor analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation for data analysis. The study involved 250 festival attendees, focusing on their motivation and identification of both tangible and intangible attributes of the festival, with 227 providing valid responses to the survey questionnaire. The Service Quality Model (SERVQUAL) was used to identify quality factors. The results indicate that cultural content and hospitality are the most important factors significantly contributing to visitor satisfaction and positively influencing recommendations and repeat visits to the festival. Another important factor in the study is accessibility, while comfort, amenities, safety, and cleanliness require improvement to enhance the overall visitor experience. The findings provide concrete guidelines for the further development of the festival and the enhancement of the tourism offerings in Nis.
A Study on the Dynamic Response and Deformation of Slopes Supported by Anti-Slide Piles Subjected to Seismic Waves with Different Spectral Characteristics
Authors: Li Longfei , Xue Lei , Jiang Tong , Huang Kun , Li Zhuan
Published: November 2024

The long-term stability of slopes in areas with strong earthquakes not only is very important for people’s lives and the safety of property, but also it enables restoration of the ecological environment in the landslide areas, which is very important for sustainable development. The most commonly used seismic-support method, anti-slide piles, provides outstanding seismic performance. However, piles still deform and fail during earthquakes, which can lead to instability of the slope. The dynamic response of a slope reinforced with anti-slide piles is crucial for maintaining the long-term stability of the slope in a strong-earthquake area and, thus, for promoting its sustainable development. However, current research is focused mainly on the stability of the slope, and there have been few studies on the dynamic response of anti-slide piles. For this reason, we have undertaken the present study of a bedding-rock slope supported by a single row of anti-slide piles. By changing the frequency, amplitude, and duration of the input seismic waves, we have systematically explored the influence of their spectral characteristics on the dynamic response of the anti-slide piles and the slope using numerical simulations combined with the wavelet-transform method. Our results show that the spectral characteristics of the seismic waves significantly affect the deformations of the anti-slide piles. Low-frequency and high-amplitude seismic waves have stronger destructive effects on slopes, and high-amplitude seismic waves can generate multi-level sliding surfaces that extend to deeper levels. The low-frequency component of the seismic wave controls the overall deformation of the slope, and the high-frequency component controls the local deformations. An increase in the proportion and duration of low frequencies in seismic waves is the main cause of slope deformation and failure. The present work, thus, provides a useful reference for the design of a slope supported by anti-slide piles in an area with strong earthquakes, as well as for the maintenance of the long-term stability of such a slope, therefore, encouraging the sustainable development of related areas.
Road Traffic Infrastructure Construction and Air Pollution Based on the Perspective of Spatial Spillover
Authors: Ye Fangyu , Li Yi
Published: November 2024

Road traffic infrastructure construction is widely regarded as a solution to urban congestion and air pollution. Given the frequent use of non-highway roads for inter-city travel, it is plausible that such infrastructure projects could also improve air quality in neighboring regions. However, the spatial spillover effects of these projects on air pollution remain underexplored. This paper investigates the spatial impacts of road traffic infrastructure construction on urban air pollution. Using a spatial panel regression model, we analyze data from 273 cities in a period spanning 2008 to 2021. Our findings show that road infrastructure construction significantly reduces local air pollution, with results robust to concerns about endogeneity. Furthermore, we identify notable spatial spillover effects, primarily concentrated in adjacent cities. These findings suggest that the accessibility between central cities and their neighboring areas plays a critical role in shaping traffic patterns, air quality, and sustainable urban development. As a result, coordinated regional planning for road infrastructure could serve as an effective strategy to mitigate urban air pollution and promote sustainable growth.
Bibliometric Review of Passive Cooling Design Strategies and Global Thermal Comfort Assessment: Theories, Methods and Tools
Authors: Bema Nyasha , Ozarisoy Bertug
Published: November 2024

Globally, a variety of factors, ranging from ethnicity and occupants’ lifestyles to the local climate characteristics of any studied location, as well as people’s age, can affect thermal comfort assessments. This review paper investigates the energy effectiveness of state-of-the-art passive systems in providing neutral adaptive thermal comfort for elderly people by exploring passive design strategies in four distinct climates, namely Canada, India, Abu Dhabi and the Eastern Mediterranean basin. The aim of the study is to analyse the available data provided by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers’ (ASHRAE) Global Thermal Comfort Database II, version 2.1. The main objective of the study is to develop an effective methodological framework for the on-going development of adaptive thermal comfort theory. To this extent, this study presents a comprehensive review of the assessment of energy effectiveness of passive design systems. To accomplish this, the impact of climate change factors in passive design systems was investigated. A meta-analysis method was adopted to determine the input variables for the statistical analysis. Cramer’s V and Fisher’s Exact tests were used to assess occupants’ thermal sensation votes (TSVs). The findings revealed that there are discrepancies detected between the in situ field experiments and the data recorded in the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II. The study findings contribute to the development of adaptive thermal comfort theory by reviewing the existing methodologies globally. Furthermore, a critical review of the significance of occupants’ age differences should be conducted in the identification of neutral adaptive thermal comfort.
A Spatial Decision-Support System for Wind Farm Site Selection in Djibouti
Authors: Abdi Ayan Pierre , Damci Atilla , Kirca Ozgur , Turkoglu Harun , Arditi David , Demirkesen Sevilay , Korkmaz Mustafa , Arslan Adil Enis
Published: November 2024

The escalating energy demand in Djibouti requires the investigation of renewable energy sources, with wind energy emerging as a promising solution. To ensure the long-term efficiency and sustainability of wind energy projects, it is imperative to determine suitable sites for wind farm construction. When selecting a suitable site for a wind farm, there are multiple criteria to consider, such as wind velocity, ground slope, and distance to urban areas. Nevertheless, the current body of the literature reveals that no previous research has been conducted to explore an approach which involves multiple criteria to determine suitable sites for wind farms in Djibouti, as opposed to solely considering wind energy potential. This study proposes a spatial decision-support system to address the research gap in the selection of wind farm sites. Seven criteria are simultaneously evaluated in this system, including wind velocity, changes in wind direction, ground slope, distance to urban areas, distance to road network, distance to energy transmission networks, and land use. The CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method is used to objectively calculate the weights of the criteria. According to the results of performing the CRITIC method, wind velocity and distance to energy transmission networks were determined to be the most important criteria, while ground slope and land use were determined to be the least important criteria in comparison to others. A final suitability map showing the possible locations of wind farms in Djibouti was generated by considering the said criteria and their respective weights. The final suitability map reveals that the most suitable sites for the development of wind farms in Djibouti are located in the northeastern area between Obock and Khor-Angor, the southeastern area encompassing Lakes Ghoubet and Bara, and the southwestern area stretching from Lake Abbe to the Hanlé region. Using the proposed spatial decision-support system, decision makers would be empowered to make strategic and well-informed decisions when selecting the most suitable site for a wind farm in Djibouti.
The Role of Technophilia and User Goals in the Intention to Use a Mobility Management Travel App
Authors: de Abreu e Silva João , de Menezes Amorim Julianno
Published: November 2024

The ubiquitous use of mobile devices along with the amount of traffic, transportation services, and travel pattern data available has led to the emergence and deployment of smartphone applications for providing information about personal travel management. Several of these travel apps are aimed at voluntary travel behavior change (VTBC) to support and increase sustainable mobility, and have led to the development of research to investigate their influence on travel behavior. Here, the aim is to study the role of technophilia and goal-framing theory in the intention to adopt and situationally use a prospective VTBC travel app. A Structural Equation Model is developed with the aim of empirically testing a sample of 971 respondents collected in two suburban corridors in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The results support that goal-framing theory is important for explaining the adoption of VTBC travel apps. Gain and normative motives are more relevant than hedonic motives, pointing to the importance of their tangible benefits. Frequent car users may benefit from VTBC travel apps in terms of encouraging behavioral changes, supporting sustainable mobility management solutions. The results also outline the importance of technophilia and the current use of travel apps in influencing the intention to use VTBC apps.
Application of the Finite Element Method for Analyzing the Vibration Characteristics of a Spindle System and Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Leilei , Wang Zisheng
Published: November 2024

The performance of a spindle will gradually decline, the vibration intensity will increase, and the temperature rise will become abnormal with the accumulation of service time. Consequently, the accuracy of the machining product will not meet its production requirements. Studies on the variation characteristics of the spindle unit have clarified the reasons for its abnormal vibration and temperature rise, in principle, to help enterprises conduct preventive maintenance before any serious failure occurs and improve production efficiency. Based on the Timoshenko beam model and rotor dynamics theory, this study uses the finite element method (FEM) to analyze the vibration characteristics of the spindle rotor system. Moreover, it thoroughly analyzes the influence of the spindle bearing heat on the stiffness of the spindle system and identifies the resonance conditions of the spindle rotor within the power frequency range. This research has identified that when the vibration frequency of the spindle operates at a speed of 12,000 r/min, if its vibration frequency is lower than 200 Hz, it will be affected by abnormal vibrations during startup, which will weaken the health status of the spindle and reduce its service life. Similarly, when the working speed of the spindle is 30,000 r/min, if its vibration frequency is lower than 50 Hz, abnormal vibration will occur during startup and operation, thereby reducing its service life.
The Asymmetries in Straight Jumps on the Trampoline Under Different Sensory Conditions
Authors: Pezdirc Matjaž , Pušnik Igor , Pajek Maja , Čuk Ivan , Šibanc Karmen
Published: November 2024

The trampoline is a popular piece of sports equipment both for recreational use and for Olympic trampolining as a competitive sport. Maintaining body position during jumps is influenced by sensory inputs (visual, auditory, and somatosensory) and symmetrical muscle activity that help athletes to perform consecutive jumps as vertically as possible. To evaluate the effects of these inputs, 15 male and 15 female students (with an average age of 24.4 years, height of 174.3 cm, and average weight of 69.7 kg) performed 10 consecutive straight jumps under four sensory conditions: (1) looking at the edge of the trampoline, (2) without sight, (3) without hearing, and (4) without hearing or sight. Using insoles with integrated pressure sensors (Pedar®, novel GmbH, Munich, Germany), the contact forces on the trampoline during the jump were measured separately for the left and right feet. The results showed that the lack of visual input significantly shortened flight times and increased the asymmetry of ground reaction forces between the left and right legs. For example, in the second series without vision, the average normalized force difference between the legs increased by 0.33 G compared to the control condition. An ANOVA revealed significant differences in the ground reaction forces between sensory conditions, with vision playing a key role in maintaining body control. These results provide practical insights for coaches looking to improve jumping performance and address asymmetries during training by focusing on sensory feedback strategies.
Influences of Perceived Built Environments and Personal Attitudes Toward Walking to the Grocery Store
Authors: Yu Chia-Yuan
Published: November 2024

Encouraging walking to grocery stores can enhance environmental sustainability by reducing vehicle emissions and easing traffic congestion. While research has largely focused on measurable factors like distance and physical accessibility, less attention has been paid to how perceived built environments and personal attitudes affect walking behavior. This study delves into how socio-demographic traits, social influences, and perceived built environments influence walking decisions. The key findings reveal that factors such as ethnicity and income significantly impact decisions to walk, with well-maintained sidewalks enhancing appeal and obstacles like construction serving as deterrents. Positive attitudes towards walking further encourage this behavior, underscoring the need for targeted public health interventions. These insights are crucial for designing communities that support walking, ultimately improving community health and environmental sustainability.
Immersive Learning: A Systematic Literature Review on Transforming Engineering Education Through Virtual Reality
Authors: Muzata Artwell Regis , Singh Ghanshyam , Stepanov Mikhail Sergeevich , Musonda Innocent
Published: November 2024

Integrating Virtual Reality (VR) with developing technology has become crucial in today’s schools to transform in-the-moment instruction. A change in perspective has occurred because of VR, enabling teachers to create immersive learning experiences in addition to conventional classes. This paper presents a systematic literature review with an in-depth analysis of the changing environment of immersive learning. It discusses advantages and challenges, noting results from previous researchers. VR facilitates more profound knowledge and memory of complex subjects by allowing students to collaborate with digital structures, explore virtual landscapes, and participate in simulated experiments. Developing VR gear, like thin headsets and tactile feedback mechanisms, has democratised immersive engineering learning by making it more approachable and natural for a broader range of students. This study sheds light on the revolutionary potential of immersive learning via VR integration with new technologies in real-time education by examining current trends, discussing obstacles, and an outlook on future directions using the new Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This study used four databases: Scopus, IEEE, Springer, and Google Scholar. During the selection, 24 articles were added during the review, and 66 studies were selected. It clarifies best practices for adopting VR-enhanced learning environments through empirical analysis and case studies, and it also points out directions for future innovation and growth in the field of immersive pedagogy.
The Characteristics and Traceability Analysis of the Overflow Pollution During the Flood Season in an Urban Area
Authors: Yan Shaofeng , Xu Hongbin , Fang Yingke , Li Jie , Lv Mingzhe , Li Guoqiang , Huang Long , Li Yuan , Song Gangfu
Published: November 2024

The issue of combined sewer overflow (CSO) triggered by rainfall has become a significant obstacle to the improvement of water environment quality. This study conducted a long-term monitoring of three types of rainwater outlets, i.e., combined sewer overflows (Test-CSO), separated sewer outlets (Test-SSO), and partially separated sewer outlets (Test-PSSO), to reveal the characteristics of overflow pollution and trace its sources by monitoring the pollutants from different underlying surfaces across various urban functional areas. The results showed that the major pollutants in overflow events exhibited the following order: COD ≥ TSS > TN > TAN > TP. Rainwater elevated COD and TSS in the Test-CSO, while reducing nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations by dilution. The Test-PSSO experienced varying degrees of overflow pollution, primarily due to the sewer sediment. A negative relationship between the rainfall and peak time of overflow pollution was observed. The traceability analysis indicated the overall pollution intensity exhibited the following order: residential areas > industrial parks > commercial areas. In addition to commercial areas, the pollution intensity across underlying surfaces generally exhibited the following order: roofs > roads > grasslands. The roof runoff was an important source of pollutants for overflow pollution, and TSS and COD were the major contributors. Notably, grasslands had a buffering effect on pollutants and pH.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Net Anthropogenic Phosphorus Inputs (NAPIs) and Their Impacts in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Using Monte Carlo Simulations and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Ma Hua , Liu Xiaotong , Lei Qiuliang , Luo Jiafa , Di Hongjie , Du Xinzhong , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xuejun , Liu Hongbin
Published: November 2024

This study employed the Net Anthropogenic Phosphorus Inputs (NAPI) model to assess the impact of human activities on phosphorus input in a watershed, analyzing county-level statistical data and NAPI model parameters from 1991 to 2020. The Monte Carlo method was used for a quantitative analysis of the model parameters’ effects on each NAPI component and the overall simulation results. The sensitivity index method identified each component’s sensitive parameters. The study found that the lowest NAPI value was 454 kg/(km2·a) in 1991 and the highest was 1336 kg/(km2·a) in 2003. NAPI in Ningxia showed an overall upward trend from 1991 to 1999, a slight decrease from 1999 to 2003, and a slight increase from 2003 to 2020, with fertilizer being the main contributing factor, accounting for 77.4% of the total input. On a spatial scale, NAPI in Ningxia was significantly correlated with land use patterns, showing higher values in the northern and southern regions compared to the central part. The NAPI values derived from Monte Carlo simulations with appropriate parameters ranged from −24.83% to 31.49%. The study highlighted the net food and feed imports component as having the highest uncertainty, impacting simulation results within a range of −23.89% to 53.98%. It was observed that the larger a component’s proportion in the NAPI model, the more sensitive its parameters, with the phosphorus fertilizer (Pfer) component’s parameters being notably more sensitive than those of the food/feed phosphorus input and the non-food phosphorus input (Pnf) components. These findings can inform phosphorus pollution control policies in Northwest China, while the selection of sensitive parameters provides a useful reference for future NAPI research in other regions.
Structural Health Monitoring and Failure Analysis of Large-Scale Hydro-Steel Structures, Based on Multi-Sensor Information Fusion
Authors: Li Helin , Zhao Huadong , Shen Yonghao , Zheng Shufeng , Zhang Rui
Published: November 2024

Large-scale hydro-steel structures (LS-HSSs) are vital to hydraulic engineering, supporting critical functions such as water resource management, flood control, power generation, and navigation. However, due to prolonged exposure to severe environmental conditions and complex operational loads, these structures progressively degrade, posing increased risks over time. The absence of effective structural health monitoring (SHM) systems exacerbates these risks, as undetected damage and wear can compromise safety. This paper presents an advanced SHM framework designed to enhance the real-time monitoring and safety evaluation of LS-HSSs. The framework integrates the finite element method (FEM), multi-sensor data fusion, and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into a closed-loop system for real-time perception, analysis, decision-making, and optimization. The system was deployed and validated at the Luhun Reservoir spillway, where it demonstrated stable and reliable performance for real-time anomaly detection and decision-making. Monitoring results over time were consistent, with stress values remaining below allowable thresholds and meeting safety standards. Specifically, stress monitoring during radial gate operations (with a current water level of 1.4 m) indicated that the dynamic stress values induced by flow vibrations at various points increased by approximately 2 MPa, with no significant impact loads. Moreover, the vibration amplitude during gate operation was below 0.03 mm, confirming the absence of critical structural damage and deformation. These results underscore the SHM system’s capacity to enhance operational safety and maintenance efficiency, highlighting its potential for broader application across water conservancy infrastructure.
Habitat Associated with Ramps/Wild Leeks (Allium tricoccum Ait.) in Pennsylvania, USA: Guidance for Forest Farming Site Selection
Authors: Houston Ezra , Burkhart Eric P. , Stark Cassie , Chen Xin , Nilson Sarah E.
Published: November 2024

Ramps or wild leeks (Allium tricoccum) are a popular foraged non-timber forest product in North America consumed for their edible bulbs and leaves. The agroforestry practice of forest farming is a possible solution to conservation challenges surrounding the wild exploitation of this species, but it requires proper site selection to be successful. In this study, maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling using 163 occurrence points and field data collected at 30 wild populations were combined to determine the characteristics of the ramp habitat in Pennsylvania. Both Maxent modeling and field measurements highlighted moist, lower slope positions with base-rich bedrock types as suitable for ramps. Sites shared 50% of their floristic associates on average, with 252 species documented in total. Forest communities associated with ramps included many species indicative of base-rich mesic soil conditions, but the relative abundance of some indicator species differed by region. The confirmation of model variables by field measurements and forest community types points to the usefulness of these characteristics in identifying suitable forest farming sites. When used in tandem, these results can help to guide site selection for forest farming and other conservation strategies.
A Descriptive Comparison of the Epidemiological Characteristics of Delta and Omicron Variant-Driven Outbreaks in Bhutan
Authors: Rinchen Sangay , Zangpo Tandin , Wangchuk Sonam , Dorjee Sithar , Dorji Tandin , Tshering Ugyen , Choden Jamyang , Yangzom Pema , Yangzom Deki , Pempa Pempa , Dzed Laigdhen , Wangmo Dechen , Tshokey Tshokey
Published: November 2024

SARS-CoV-2 rapidly mutated, causing different waves of outbreaks worldwide. Bhutan experienced three major outbreaks of COVID-19 before experiencing the outbreak driven by the Omicron variant in January 2022. The data collected by the National Outbreak Investigation and Surveillance Team during the Delta variant-driven outbreak and Omicron outbreak were accessed and analyzed. The data were analyzed using R statistical software. Descriptive analysis was carried out for the entire dataset and the statistical comparison between the two outbreaks was carried out using student’s t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test. During the Delta variant-driven outbreak, a total of 1648 cases were reported, with a daily average of 13 cases. The highest one-day case number reported was 99. On the contrary, within 33 days, a total of 3788 cases were reported with a daily average of 115 cases during the Omicron outbreak. The highest one-day case number reported was 312. The median incubation period was 3 days (range = 0–18 days) and 1 day (range = 0–14 days) during the Delta and Omicron-driven outbreaks, respectively. The number of symptomatic cases was significantly higher during the Delta outbreak (p-value < 0.0001). Of the total cases reported during the Delta outbreak, 1175 (71.3%) had received a single dose of the vaccine, 79 (5%) received two doses, while 394 (24%) were unvaccinated. During the Omicron outbreak, 1957 (52%) cases had received their booster (third dose), 904 (23.8%) received two doses and only 40 (1%) received a single dose of the vaccine. The number of unvaccinated cases was 887 (23.4%), of which 375 (10%) were children below 12 years. Our findings corroborate the enhanced transmissibility of the Omicron variant as reported elsewhere. We report significantly less symptomatic cases during the Omicron outbreak. Further, our data show that the incubation period for the Omicron variant is shorter compared to the Delta variant (p-value < 0.0001).
Análise de nanopartículas contendo alfa-humuleno na neuroinflamação através de indução de acidente vascular cerebral em modelo animal
Authors: Bueno Bruna Aparecida Metinoski , Kerppers Ivo Ilvan
Published: November 2024

Introdução. O Acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é considerado a segunda causa de morte no mundo e a terceira causa de incapacidade. Alguns fitoquímicos mostram potencial neuroprotetor em pesquisas pré-clínicas através de mecanismos como pela ação anti-inflamatória como o composto α-humuleno (HUM), no qual os sistemas de liberação de fármacos como as nanopartículas demostram mais eficácia para passar pela barreira hematoencefálica no tratamento de distúrbios neurológicos. A droga Sinvastatina (SNT), utilizada na prevenção de AVC é estudada como possível neuroprotetor no AVC isquêmico. Objetivo. Investigar os efeitos de nanopartículas contendo α-humuleno (NA) na lesão isquêmica cerebral induzida por convulsão por eletrochoque em ratos e analisar a recuperação funcional após lesão isquêmica através de testes motores e comparar com os efeitos do uso da droga sinvastatina. Método. A amostra foi composta de 30 ratos Wistar, separados em três grupos: grupo controle, tratados com NA e o grupo tratados com SNT. Os testes avaliaram a capacidade funcional e motora, aprendizado e memória. Resultados. Houve diferença significante entre os grupos. O tratamento com o NA apresentou melhores achados comparados ao grupo SNT e o grupo controle, tanto na recuperação da capacidade funcional e motora nos testes de apreensão e suspensão (p<0,001), como na capacidade de aprendizado e memória pelo teste do LAM (p<0,001). Conclusão. O potencial anti-inflamatório da administração oral de NA na neuroinflamação demonstrou melhorias, no qual a SNT teve menores achados.