bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Off-Axis Color Characteristics of Binary Neutron Star Merger Events: Applications for Space Multi-Band Variable Object Monitor and James Webb Space Telescope
Authors: Gong Hongyu , Wei Daming , Jin Zhiping
Published: October 2024

With advancements in gravitational wave detection technology, an increasing number of binary neutron star (BNS) merger events are expected to be detected. Due to the narrow opening angle of jet cores, many BNS merger events occur off-axis, resulting in numerous gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) going undetected. Models suggest that kilonovae, which can be observed off-axis, offer more opportunities to be detected in the optical/near-infrared band as electromagnetic counterparts of BNS merger events. In this study, we calculate kilonova emission using a three-dimensional semi-analytical code and model the GRB afterglow emission with the open-source Python package afterglowpy at various inclination angles. Our results show that it is possible to identify the kilonova signal from the observed color evolution of BNS merger events. We also deduce the optimal observing window for SVOM/VT and JWST/NIRCam, which depends on the viewing angle, jet opening angle, and circumburst density. These parameters can be cross-checked with the multi-band afterglow fitting. We suggest that kilonovae are more likely to be identified at larger inclination angles, which can also help determine whether the observed signals without accompanying GRBs originate from BNS mergers.
Pertussis Outbreak During 2023 in Gipuzkoa, North Spain
Authors: Marimón José María , Montes Milagrosa , Vizuete Nahikari , Alvarez Guerrico Lorea , Aginagalde Adrian Hugo , Mir-Cros Alba , González-López Juan José , Vicente Diego
Published: October 2024

Background: Pertussis has re-emerged in many countries despite the wide use of vaccines for over 60 years. During 2023, we observed an increase in the incidence of pertussis in Gipuzkoa, north of Spain (with a population of 657,140 inhabitants), mainly affecting children between 11 and 15 years of age. Methods: This study included all confirmed cases diagnosed by PCR in nasopharyngeal swab samples. The genome of seven isolates collected in 2023 was sequenced. Results: Between 2018 and 2023, 884 cases of whooping cough were diagnosed. Pertussis incidence (in cases per 100,000 inhabitants) decreased from 36.7 in 2018 to no cases in 2021, increasing again to 56.8 in 2023. In 2023, the age group of 11–15 years old had the highest incidence rate of 409.3. Only 2 of the 56 children < 6 years old required hospitalization, and there were no deaths. The seven isolates collected in 2023 showed the same BPagST-4 (ptxA1/ptxP3/prn2/fim2-1/fim3-1 allelic combination), with all of them expressing the pertactin antigen. Conclusions: Immunity waning after the last dose of vaccination at 6 years old, together with the lack of circulation of Bordetella pertussis during the COVID-19 pandemic, were probably the main reasons for the high increase in the incidence of pertussis in Gipuzkoa in 2023.
Myocarditis Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Florek Kamila , Sokolski Mateusz
Published: October 2024

Myocarditis after the COVID-19 vaccine is one of the important adverse events following immunization, observed mainly after mRNA-based vaccines. Importantly, post-vaccination myocarditis was less common than myocarditis after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it was scored at 19.7 per 1,000,000 doses and 2.76 per 1000 infections. Predominantly, its course was benign and, compared with the myocarditis after COVID-19 infection, significantly fewer patients developed heart failure or died among patients with post-vaccination myocarditis. The group at highest risk of myocarditis related to COVID-19 vaccination were young males who received a second dose of an mRNA vaccine. It was observed that, among mRNA vaccines, specifically mRNA-1273 was associated with a higher risk of myocarditis. The mechanism underlying myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination is still under investigation and certain processes are being considered. Currently, some follow-up assessments of patients who developed vaccine-induced myocarditis are available and suggest a favorable prognosis. The aim of this review is to discuss the most recent data on myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination considering its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, relative risk of myocarditis compared with SARS-CoV-2 infection, potential underlying mechanism, and follow-up data of patients who developed post-vaccination myocarditis.
Interferon Epsilon-Mediated Antiviral Activity Against Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Martínez-Espinoza Iván , Babawale Pius I. , Miletello Hannah , Cheemarla Nagarjuna R. , Guerrero-Plata Antonieta
Published: October 2024

Background: Interferon epsilon (IFN-ε) is a type I IFN that plays a critical role in the host immune response against pathogens. Despite having demonstrated antiviral activity in macrophages and mucosal tissues such as the female reproductive tract and the constitutive expression in mucosal tissues such as the lung, the relevance of IFN-ε against respiratory viral infections remains elusive. Results: We present, for the first time, the expression of IFN-ε in alveolar epithelial cells and primary human bronchial epithelial cells grown in an air–liquid interface (ALI) in response to human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The molecular characterization of the IFN-ε induction by the viruses indicates that the expression of RIG-I is necessary for an optimal IFN-ε expression. Furthermore, treatment of the airway epithelial cells with rhIFN-ε induced the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and significantly restricted the viral replication of HMPV and RSV. Conclusions: These findings underscore the relevance of IFN-ε against viral infections in the respiratory tract.
Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Gomes Luiz Felipe , Martins Monica , Gomes Caroline , Castro Larissa
Published: October 2024

Nosso objetivo é discutir, em perspectiva teórico-metodológica, as imagens do Nosso objetivo é discutir as imagens do Nordeste no cenário brasileiro. Temos como foco a percepção das fragmentações políticas que tensionam a comunidade nacional, contribuindo para as desigualdades entre as regiões que a integram. Pretendemos oferecer elementos que estimulem o exame da nação e das regiões como construçõessociais, adquirindo novos significados no campo discursivo das ciências humanas.Nossa perspectiva teórico-metodológica está pautada em representações culturaisdo Nordeste brasileiro insurgente e na fragmentação política das regiões queintegram uma mesma comunidade nacional.
Lexicographical notes
Authors:   Institutul de Lingvistică și Istorie Literară „Sextil Pușcariu” al Academiei Române, Mării Ion
Published: October 2024

The author presents 13 lexicographical notes (1) cámiș, cămíș, chimíș; (2) căpéte, căpéț, căpắț, chipéț; (3) ceasmá, céșme, șașmá; (4) cheart, chearti, chert1, cherti; (5) chédve; (6) chédveș; (7) chedveșél, -eá; (8) chedveșícă; (9) cherc; (10) chercuí; (11) chirígă; (12) chieț = cheț2; (13) chíță2 = cấță. D i r e c t l y, these notes c r i t i c a l l y (but not c r i t i c i z i n g l y) refer to the MDA, in the second section dedicated to commentaries; i n d i r e c t l y, they refer, based on the files collected, to the editting of the DLR, the old series (= DA) and also DLR, the new series.
English-Chinese Bilingual Teaching: A DECTMT-NBO-DMSFNN Approach for Design and Application of Machine Translation Technology
Authors: Wang Yuwei
Published: October 2024

This manuscript introduces a bilingual teaching model prediction system called Deep Multi-Scale Fusion Neural Network (DMSFNN). The system utilizes data from the Back-end database, and a pre-processing step is performed to remove noise and imperfect texts using the Adaptive Iterated Guided Filtering method or a global constant score. The English-Chinese Machine Translation (MT) method presented in this research uses Domain-Specific English-Chinese Machine Translation Namib Beetle Optimization-Deep Multi-Scale Fusion Neural Network (DECTMT-NBO-DMSFNN) to address the issues with current translation systems’ frequent and time-consuming mistranslations. The translation process is improved by NBO-DMSFNN after examining the major principles and particular approaches of computer translation from English to Chinese. Pre-processing is done on the English to Chinese translation text data, and DMSFNN quickly extracts and classifies the text's features. The DECTMT-NBO-DMSFNN approach introduces a novel bilingual teaching model for English-Chinese Machine Translation method. Leveraging DMSFNN and NBO, it effectively addresses noise in data through pre-processing, utilizes a Back-end database, and employs feature extraction with the Bilingual Bag-of-Words approach. This unique integration enhances bilingual teaching model prediction and improves English-Chinese MT. Notably, DECTMT-NBO-DMSFNN achieves accuracy level of 99.5% in both languages.
قياس الأثر المالي لسلوك الترويج من خلال التخاطب الشفهي عند تقدير قيمة العميل في البنوك
Authors: رجب جيهان عبدالمنعم , إبراهيم محمد محمود
Published: October 2024

يحاول البحث التصدي لقياس ظاهرة شائكة ومعقدة في مجال الفكر التسويقي تقوم بدور مهم بوصفها أداة ترويجية ذات مصداقية عالية من وجهة نظر العملاء عند اتخاذ قرار الشراء، و أيضاً باعتبارها معياراً موضوعيًّا لتجزئة السوق وتخصيص الموارد التسويقية المحدودة، وذلك مع قياس الربحية المستقبلية CLV، هذا بالإضافة لكونها أحد أهم الوسائل الترويجية المؤثرة وغير المكلفة، وذلك من وجهة نظر المنظمة. وقد تم تناول سلوك الترويج من خلال التخاطب الشفهي في إطار منهج متكامل وصفي/كمي لإدارة هذا السلوك يشمل تأثير شبكة العلاقات الاجتماعية في سياق تأثيرها على نشاط التخاطب الشفهي لكل من المرسل والمستقبل، وانعكاس ذلك على تقدير القيمة العادلة للعملاء Fair Value بحيث يمكن تجنب المخاطر المترتبة على التقدير المتدني للعملاء Underestimation ذوي الربحية المستقبلية المنخفضة، والتخاطب الشفهي المرتفع أو التقدير المغالي للعملاء Overestimation ذوي الربحية المستقبلية المرتفعة، والتخاطب الشفهي المنخفض وتجسيداً للنتائج التي أفرزها المنهج الذي تبناه الباحثان تم تصميم مصفوفة موجهة بالمستقبل يمكن على أساسها بناء إستراتيجيات تسويقية فعالة لزيادة ربحية المنظمة.
Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la balanza comercial de Colombia: análisis de los últimos 5 años (2019-2023)
Authors: Hernández Helmer Muñoz , Pérez Ana María Puche , Mora Maty Dariana Pérez , Madrid Tatiana Andrea Romero , Gómez María Alejandra Rojas , Ochoa Sara Ángel
Published: October 2024

En los últimos años la balanza comercial en Colombia se vio seriamente afectada gracias a la pandemia de COVID-19. En el 2019 se pudo presenciar un déficit en la balanza de pagos gracias a un decrecimiento en las exportaciones y un crecimiento en las importaciones, particularmente en bienes de consumo, equipos de transportes y combustibles. En el año 2020, considerables retos comerciales fueron enfrentados en Colombia, debido a un aumento significativo en el déficit comercial, viéndose severamente afectado por la caída en las exportaciones de petróleo y manufacturas, de igual forma en las exportaciones e importaciones de servicios.
No obstante, los esfuerzos de recuperación económica, Colombia registró un déficit   en las exportaciones e importaciones de bienes y servicios para el 2021, reflejando la persistencia de desafíos comerciales. Hubo una recuperación gradual en el comercio internacional en el 2022, aunque los retos como el déficit en la balanza comercial de bienes y servicios se mantuvieron.
Con la estabilización del comercio internacional en 2023, Colombia enfrenta retos como el aumento del dólar y la volatilidad de los precios, pero también se presentaron oportunidades como el fortalecimiento del mercado interno y la diversificación de las exportaciones. Las cifras fueron menos negativas, a pesar de registrar un déficit en la balanza comercial, mostrando una tendencia esperanzadora para la economía colombiana.
En los últimos años la balanza comercial en Colombia se vio seriamente afectada gracias a la pandemia de COVID-19. En el 2019 se pudo presenciar un déficit en la balanza de pagos gracias a un decrecimiento en las exportaciones y un crecimiento en las importaciones, particularmente en bienes de consumo, equipos de transportes y combustibles. En el año 2020, considerables retos comerciales fueron enfrentados en Colombia, debido a un aumento significativo en el déficit comercial, viéndose severamente afectado por la caída en las exportaciones de petróleo y manufacturas, de igual forma en las exportaciones e importaciones de servicios.
No obstante, los esfuerzos de recuperación económica, Colombia registró un déficit   en las exportaciones e importaciones de bienes y servicios para el 2021, reflejando la persistencia de desafíos comerciales. Hubo una recuperación gradual en el comercio internacional en el 2022, aunque los retos como el déficit en la balanza comercial de bienes y servicios se mantuvieron.
Con la estabilización del comercio internacional en 2023, Colombia enfrenta retos como el aumento del dólar y la volatilidad de los precios, pero también se presentaron oportunidades como el fortalecimiento del mercado interno y la diversificación de las exportaciones. Las cifras fueron menos negativas, a pesar de registrar un déficit en la balanza comercial, mostrando una tendencia esperanzadora para la economía colombiana.
Relación entre las habilidades de pensamiento y las estrategias de aprendizaje autónomo de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Mérida-Choquez Katerine Elizabeth , Choque-Medrano Juan Wilfredo
Published: October 2024

Este estudio investiga las habilidades de pensamiento y el aprendizaje autónomo en estudiantes universitarios. Este estudio descriptivo y correlacional se enfoca en caracterizar las habilidades de pensamiento y el aprendizaje autónomo en 64 estudiantes de psicopedagogía, utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo para medir y determinar la relación entre estas variables. La población de interés incluyó 56 mujeres y 8 varones, seleccionados mediante muestreo intencional no probabilístico. Se aplicaron la Prueba de Habilidades de Pensamiento y el Cuestionario de Estrategias de Trabajo Autónomo (CETA).
Los resultados indican que en las habilidades de pensamiento, las áreas de observación, comparación y análisis presentan mayor deficiencia, con un predominio del nivel "Deficiente". La habilidad de definición y síntesis muestran un desempeño intermedio. En cuanto al aprendizaje autónomo, la mayoría de los estudiantes se ubican en un nivel "Regular" en todas las estrategias evaluadas, especialmente en colaboración, conceptualización y participación. Las correlaciones entre las habilidades de pensamiento y el aprendizaje autónomo revelan relaciones significativas, particularmente en definición (r = 0,480, p < 0,01) y síntesis (r = 0,423, p < 0,01).
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Published: October 2024

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Raiva em anta brasileira (Tapirus terrestris) de vida-livre: o primeiro relato
Authors: Mana Rafael , Riskalla Cayo A. Pfutzenreuter , Pilão Bárbara A. Ribeiro
Published: October 2024

A raiva é uma zoonose fatal que acomete mamíferos. A falta de campanhas de vacinação em muitos municípios do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, tem resultado no aumento do número de casos de raiva notificados, tanto em animais domésticos como em silvestres, em situações de cativeiro e de vida livre. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar o primeiro caso documentado de uma anta (Tapirus terrestris) de vida livre, infectada por raiva. O animal foi resgatado no município de São Miguel Arcanjo, estado de São Paulo. Inicialmente, houve suspeita de fratura de membro anterior, porém o indivíduo logo manifestou alterações neurológicas que indicaram a doença, comprovada por exames de Imunofluorescência Direta e por meio da técnica de RT-PCR, foi identificada a variante antigênica 3 (AgV3), de morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus. Este caso demonstra a necessidade imediata da retomada das campanhas de vacinação antirábica no município, tanto para os animais de produção quanto para os animais de companhia, implementação de protocolos de biossegurança para minimizar o contato com a vida selvagem e a importância do monitoramento e controle das colônias de morcegos infectados na região.
Hygienic-sanitary quality in family farm goat milk production
Authors: Pereira Ingrid Annes , Finger Regina Maria , Silva Joyce Rangel da , Freitas Kyssila Barbosa de
Published: October 2024

Dairy goat farming became on a profitable activity for small and medium family producers. Thus, goat milk constitutes excellent culture media for the development of undesirable, spoiling and pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, the present study evaluated the microbiological quality of goat milk and dairy derivatives, in order to provide family farmers support and encouragement to adoption of food safety in production chain. A total of 25 samples were evaluated, including refrigerated raw goat milk, goat cheese with or without spices and goat milk caramel. Microbiological analyzes included mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, total coliforms and Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, yeast and molds enumeration and Salmonella spp detection. Mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, total coliforms and fungi enumerations of most goat milk and cheese samples presented values above the limit established by Brazilian legislation. In only five samples Staphylococcus aureus were detected, being four of goat milk and one of cheese, and most of the isolates were susceptible to antimicrobials of animal and human use. All samples were absent to Salmonella spp.. Goat milk caramel was the best microbiological profile product.
Extragingival pyogenicgranuloma: Case report
Authors: Buckat H. Buckat , Boubacar M. , Khalfi L. , Benbachir A. , Hamamam J. , Sabani H. , Khatib K. El
Published: October 2024

Pyogenicgranuloma (PG) is a frequent cause of soft tissue outgrowth in the oral cavity, mainly in the gingiva. Extra-gingival localizationremainsexceptional. Itstypicalclinicalpresentation and gingival distribution in over 80% of cases [3 ;4]. This suggests a diagnosisthatwillbeconfirmed by anatomopathologicalstudy of the excision specimen. Extra-gingival lesions are considered rare in the literature and are diagnosedlate. We report the case of a 68-year-old patient with an extra-gingival pyogenicgranuloma of the floor of the mouth. Surgical management consisted of excision undergeneralanaesthetic. The post-operative course wasstraightforward, and no recurrencewasnoted at one yearfollow-up.
Tackling Impediments: Bespoke Solutions for Optimized Implant Outcomes
Authors: WADHAWAN RICHA , JAIN ANUBHAV , KUSHWAH VYOMITA , DEO SINGH ARJUN , PAUL SUNAINA , SHAKYA GAUTAM
Published: October 2024

The field of implantology has transformed dental restoration, yet significant challenges persist that can impede successful treatment outcomes. This review examines the technical and biological roadblocks encountered in dental implant procedures, highlighting the vital role of tailored innovations in overcoming these obstacles. Advances in materials science, digital technology, and surgical techniques are crucial for enhancing osseointegration and ensuring overall implant success. Common complications include surgical issues such as infections and nerve damage, prosthetic challenges like misalignment and aesthetic concerns, and biological threats such as peri-implantitis and bone loss. To combat these, proactive management strategies—encompassing meticulous preoperative planning, regular monitoring, and personalized solutions—are essential for improving patient care. This review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration of prosthodontists, oral surgeons, periodontists and oral radiologists in mitigating risks and presents effective management strategies to optimize outcomes. By elevating awareness of potential complications and implementing precise diagnosis and treatment planning, practitioners can significantly enhance the longevity and effectiveness of dental implants, ultimately securing a better quality of life for patients.
Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy in Radiology: The Role of Efficient Radiology Staff at Eskag Sanjeevani Hospital, Kolkata, India
Authors: Gupta Banerjee Dr. Poulami
Published: October 2024

Diagnostic imaging is a cornerstone of modern medical diagnosis and treatment, yet missed diagnoses remain a significant issue within radiology, often resulting in delayed treatment and adverse patient outcomes. This article examines the pivotal role of radiology technicians in mitigating missed diagnoses and enhancing diagnostic accuracy. Through a detailed analysis of practices at Eskag Sanjeevani Hospital in Kolkata, India, the article highlights how the radiology team's comprehensive approach to imaging encompassing rigorous adherence to protocols, pattern recognition, and thorough communication contributes to superior diagnostic precision. The discussion includes case studies illustrating the team’s proactive identification of incidental findings, such as abnormalities in paranasal sinuses during a brain CT and posterior abnormalities detected during an abdominal CT, which led to additional diagnostic procedures and timely intervention. These practices demonstrate the significant impact of efficient radiology staff on reducing diagnostic errors, improving patient outcomes, and optimizing healthcare delivery.
Management of ZMC Fractures - A Review Article
Authors: M Brindha , Sumaiyya Patel , Prashanthi Gurram , Vivek Narayanan , Abinaya Subramanian
Published: October 2024

Fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) are frequent face injuries treated with two- or three-point fixation procedures. This review examines the benefits and drawbacks of each strategy. For less complicated fractures, two-point fixation is less invasive and also requires less time during surgery, but it may not provide adequate stability. More structural support is provided with three-point fixation, especially in cases of comminuted or displaced fractures, although the procedure takes longer and may raise the risk of infection. In order to determine the best fixing option based on fracture severity and patient-specific characteristics, this article contrasts clinical and biomechanical investigations. A tailored approach is recommended for the best outcomes.
الثقافة الإسلامية
Authors: هيئة التحرير
Published: October 2024

يعد موضوع الثقافة الإسلامية وحضورها في الواقع مساراً ممتداً، قد يصل في استرداده الزمني القرونَ الأولى من الحضارة الإسلامية. وثمة لغط بائن رافق هذا المصطلح في سيرورته وصيروته التاريخية والمعرفية. ولعل جانباً من هذا اللغط كامن في مفهوم الثقافة، وتوصيفها بالإسلامية. فمصطلح الثقافة مصطلح مراوغ ومفخخ في الوقت ذاته؛ لذلك ألفينا عشرات التعريفات التي عبّرت عن هذا المصطلح، وأشهرها التعريف الذي وضعته اليونيسكو (منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلم والثقافة) "جميع السمات الروحية، والمادية، والفكرية، والعاطفية التي تميز مجتمعاً بعينه، أو فئة اجتماعية بعينها، وتشمل الفنون والآداب وطرائق الحياة، كما تشمل الحقوق الأساسية للإنسان ونظم القيم والتقاليد والمعتقدات." وكذلك تعريف الإلكسو (المنظمة العربية للعلوم والثقافة) "الثقافة تشتمل مجموع النشاط الفكري والفني بمعناهما الواسع وما يتصل بهما من مهارات أو يعين عليهما من وسائل، فهي موصولة الروابط بجميع أوجه النشاط الاجتماعي الأخرى، متأثرة بها، معينة عليها، مستعينة بها".
نحو هُوِيَّة قانونية مُؤثِّرة قائمة على أحكام الفقه الإسلامي في المعاملات المدنية
Authors: محاسنة نسرين
Published: October 2024

تتناول الدراسةُ موضوعَ الهُوِيَّة القانونية الخاصَّة بالعرب والمسلمين، لا سيَّما في مجال المعاملات المدنية، بوصفها معاملات دنيوية أكثر منها شرعية. ولا يُمكِن أنْ يُؤسِّس لهذه الهُوِيَّة سوى أحكام الفِقْه الإسلامي، الذي أرسى عدداً من الركائز والمبادئ والنظريات في مجال المعاملات المدنية. كما وجد هذا الفِقْه مُجدِّدين بذلوا جُهْداً مُتميِّزاً في إبراز أحكامه، وربطها بالتطبيقات الـمُعاصِرة والـمُستجدّات القانونية؛ ما جعل الفِقْه الإسلامي الحديث قادراً على إيجاد البدائل الشرعية للصيغ والنماذج القانونية الحديثة، اعتماداً على النظريات العامة والمبادئ الكُلِّية التي تُفْضي إلى استنتاج ضوابط للمعاملات الـمُستجدَّة.
وكشفت الدراسة عن أنَّ الفِقْه الإسلامي يتّسمُ بأنَّه نظام قانوني رَبّاني من حيث الأصول والمبادئ العامة، وهو غني بكثير من أحكام العبادات والمعاملات والتشريعات. وبالرغم من ذلك، فإنَّه لم يبرز على الساحة الوطنية والساحة الدولية بوصفه نظاماً قانونياً مُؤثِّراً.
وقد رأت الدراسة أنَّ بعض التشريعات العربية تأثَّرت بالفِقْه الإسلامي، واقتبست منه، لكنَّ هذا التأثُّر كان مُجتَزأً، ولم يُحقِّق الهُوِيَّة القانونية أو يُبرِز الفِقْه الإسلامي بوصفه مدرسةً قانونيةً في النماذج الدولية المَعْنِيَّة بالمعاملات المدنية، مقارنةً بالنظامين القانونيين الأنجلوسكسوني واللاتيني. ومن هذا الـمُنطلَق، يجب العمل على نشر ثقافة الفِقْه الإسلامي عالمياً، وتخطّي الاعتبارات السياسية التي حالت دون تحقيق ذلك في مبادرات سابقة.
History of ukraine’s participation in bilateral scientific and technical cooperation projects: transformation processes and geopolitical challenges
Authors: Ihnatsevych S. P.
Published: October 2024

Bilateral scientific and technical cooperation develops at two levels: at the macro level, it includes interstate cooperation (cooperation agreements, intergovernmental agreements, etc.), and at the micro level, it includes direct agreements between scientific institutions or organizations of different countries. The article examines the history of bilateral cooperation, reveals the essence of key transformational processes on the way to the development of bilateral scientific and technical cooperation in Ukraine, and analyzes the trends in the development of bilateral cooperation and its main indicators over the past 7 years. As a conclusion, further vectors for the development of bilateral cooperation in Ukraine are outlined and the need to create a system for monitoring the results of bilateral projects and evaluating the effectiveness of their implementation is emphasized.
QUALITY OF ACACIA CARPA HONEY AS A POTENTIAL INGREDIENT FOR CHILDREN’S MOUTHWASH
Authors: Gumilar Mira Sri , Halid Idham , Purnama Tedi , Warsono Warsono , Fadjeri Indrayati
Published: October 2024

Dental caries is a dental disease that is most often experienced by people. One way to prevent caries is to gargle with mouthwash. Honey has become one of the natural ingredients that can be used as a mouthwash drug content. Jambi Province is one of the provinces that makes honey a non-timber forest product (NTFP). It is necessary to carry out physical and chemical tests on honey to determine the quality of honey as a basic ingredient for mouthwash. The honey samples examined were honey harvested from honey farms in Danau Lamo, Maro Sebo District, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. This type of honey is Acacia Carpa (Acacia crassicarpa) honey from Apis mellifera honey bee farming. The honey tested consisted of honey that had undergone processing and raw honey. The honey testing carried out consists of organoleptic tests, physical tests and chemical tests. Testing was carried out at the Jambi Province Department of Industry and Trade. The inspection results show test results that comply with SNI 8664-2018 such as water content, water-insoluble solids, ash content, HMF, and diastase enzyme levels. The pH of honey is 3.7 and is in accordance with the honey pH standard. Substances that do not comply with SNI 8664-2018 are reducing sugar levels and sucrose levels. Honey with high sucrose content can still be used as a basic ingredient for mouthwash, but it must be based on the results of clinical trials to ensure its effectiveness and safety
THE EFFECT OF CONSUMING YOGHURT ON THE SALIVARY PH OF MILDLY MENTALLY RETARTED CHILDREN
Authors: Rachmaputri Aninda Feyza , Kamelia Emma , Rismayani Lina
Published: October 2024

The percentage of people with disabilities in Indonesia is 56% and the prevalence of dental caries in children with disabilities reaches 82.6%. One alternative to prevent dental caries is by consuming probiotic drinks such as yogurt. Yoghurt is sour milk produced by fermenting milk and the group of probiotic products most accepted by children. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of consuming yogurt on the pH of saliva of children with mild deformities SLB Patriot Tasikmalaya City. Methods: The type of research used is a quasi experiment research method with a one group pre-test and post-test research design with a sample of 20 mildly retarded children. The research measuring instrument used a pH meter, and the data was analyzed using a paired sample t-test. Results: Based on the results of the paired sample t-test statistical test, the p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05) means that there is an effect of consuming yogurt on the pH of the saliva of mildly retarded children of SLB Patriot Tasikmalaya City. Conclusion: Consuming yogurt regularly for seven days can increase salivary pH in mildly retarded children.
THE EFFECT OF THE ABA (APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS) METHOD ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND EFFICACY OF TOOTHBRUSHING IN AUTICAL CHILDREN
Authors: Youlanda Essal , Nur Arnela
Published: October 2024

The dental and oral health of autistic children is generally not good. This is exacerbated by the inability to brush teeth properly, due to disruption of the child's concentration and interaction, making it difficult to receive instructions on how to brush teeth.  Dental and oral health problems in autistic children are the same as dental health problems in normal children. The difference is the behavior that autistic children display where they are unable to follow instructions or are uncooperative. Objective: To determine the effect of dental health education using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method on the knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in autistic children. Method: The type of research design is quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest non-equivalent control group design utilizing intervention and control groups with a purposive sampling technique totaling 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups. The instrument used for this research was a questionnaire to assess the knowledge and efficacy of brushing teeth in children with autism. Results: There was an influence and increase in knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in both groups with a value of (P<0.05), however the increase was higher in the intervention group. Conclusion: There is an influence of dental health education using the ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) method on the knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in autistic children
DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL HEALTH CARE FOR COMPLETE DENTURES TREATMENT
Authors: Aditya Moh Imam Santoso Alif Krisna , Fatmasari Diyah , Sukini Sukini
Published: October 2024

Based on data from the Basic Health Research 2018, indicate a correlation between age and tooth loss, yet denture utilization remains comparatively low. Dental therapists are primarily responsible for enhancing oral health by preventing, treating, and managing dental problems. While authorized to collaborate with dental specialists in providing medical dental procedures. However, in many clinical settings, dental therapists are often relegated to the role of dental assistants. This limitation can be attributed to the lack of integrated dental care models for complete denture cases within specialized prosthodontic services. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of developed dental and oral health care model on patients with complete denture care on changes in the behavior of dental therapists in implementing the model. This study employs a quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest design (non-equivalent control group). The research was conducted the entire population of 12 dental therapists at the prosthodontic clinic of the dental and oral hospital were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group received socialization on an oral health care model. Knowledge, attitude, and skills were assessed through questionnaires and observational methods both before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-test, and independent t-test. Its model is effective in behavior changes: improving knowledge (p-value 0.025; ? 7.50), attitudes (p-value 0.012; ? 7.33), skills (p-value 0.002; ? 26.67). Development of a dental and oral health care model in patients with complete denture care is effective in changing the behavior of dental therapists.
The Level of Career Involvement of Primary School Managers in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Atea R'ad Khalf , Salim Maha Sabry
Published: October 2024

هدف البحث الى تعرف مستوى الانهماك الوظيفي لدى مديري المدارس الابتدائية في محافظة بغداد , وتعرف دلالة الفرق لديهم تبعا لمتغير الجنس , وبلغ عدد افراد العينة التي اختيرت بالطريقة العشوائية ( 230 ) مديرا ومديرة. 
اعتمد الباحثان مقياس هيرشي واخرون للانهماك الوظيفي ، بعد التحقق من صدقه وثباته واستعمل معامل ارتباط بيرسون والاختبار التائي ومعامل الفاكرونباخ كوسائل احصائية وبلغ متوسط الانهماك الوظيفي لدى افراد العينة (29.0200) وهذا يشير الى مستوى اعلى مقارنة مع المتوسط النظري البالغ (27) وتبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية لدى مديري المدارس تعزى لمتغير الجنس  وخلص البحث الى العديد من التوصيات
Law on Ensuring the Legitimate Interests of the People in the Land Sector
Authors: Van Hung Dang
Published: October 2024

Recently, shortcomings in legal policies and practices, together with lax land management, have led to many land conflicts, causing complex political and social hotspots. Among the causes of this situation are unreasonable compensation prices for site clearance; unclear land boundaries, lack of legal basis, lack of land management records; and overlaps and conflicts between customs and practices of land use with laws and administrative regulations in land management in ethnic minority areas. The purpose of this study is to clarify the limitations in land laws such as land use limits, land use terms; regulations on land recovery and compensation when recovering land, restrictions on land prices; regulations on resettlement for people whose land is recovered; land use planning; from these shortcomings, propose solutions to improve land laws to protect the legitimate interests of the people.
Sustainable Energy Solutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Integrating Indigenous Knowledge and Climate Resilience for Lower Carbon Emissions
Authors: Nyangarika Anthony
Published: October 2024

Promoting sustainable energy solutions in sub-Saharan countries is crucial for addressing energy poverty, reducing carbon emissions, and fostering long-term environmental and economic sustainability. This study explored using indigenous knowledge and emerging technologies to reduce carbon footprints and GHG emissions in Africa's climate hotspots in sub-Saharan countries. The study revealed that operating institutions utilize various applications to ensure that energy management resources can mitigate the effects of carbon emissions. The study revealed that the most efficient use of natural resources for energy production requires collaboration among governments, private sectors, NGOs, and local communities. By adopting a holistic and inclusive approach, one can work toward a more sustainable and low-carbon energy future. This paper focuses on carbon footprint analysis and proposes solutions to address environmental issues in implementing sustainable energy solutions in sub-Saharan countries. A multifaceted approach involving effective strategies is needed to lower the carbon footprint. The contribution of this study is to improve energy consumption in communities in Africa by integrating climate resilience considerations into sustainable energy projects to ensure long-term viability. This will involve planning for changing climate conditions, such as extreme weather events, and designing infrastructure that can withstand and adapt to these challenges. It has been concluded that carbon footprint analysis is useful for determining the impacts of carbon particles in the world’s atmosphere. The role of energy management operations seeks to improve the assessment and analysis of carbon footprints by allowing atmospheric measurements of carbon.
Mother Tongue Education and the Acquisition of English Language as a Second Language by Akoose Speaking Pupils
Authors: Ngole Charles Epie , Njwe Eyovi Amah , Mforteh Stephen Ambe
Published: October 2024

Cameroon is a very diversified linguistic entity with about 284 languages for a population of 15,803,220 inhabitants (Grimes 2002). This situation causes the nation to face quite some challenges with choices of languages utilized as media of instruction at various levels in schools. This article focuses on Early Education whereby, we investigate learning through the medium of the MT and its implication for a better proficiency of the L2 (English Language) by these learners. The endeavor requires the application of various strategies to accomplished the task of learning the L2. It is obvious that at the initial phase, there is bound to be interference of the first language into the second language (L2) with different outcomes. Its hypothesis stipulates that children will learn more when they are instructed in the language they master most and better rather than when they are taught in their L2 or L3. The sample for this study comprises 20 teachers and 460 pupils. In order to collect the relevant data, interviews, language test, participant observation and questionnaires were used. Therefore, the investigation engaged both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The theoretical framework used for this study is Krashen’s theory of Second Language Acquisition. The data was analyzed using both frequency and percentage tables and charts. The findings indicated among other things that the children understood, participated, performed and retained information much better when using mother tongue as medium of instruction than when they are taught solely in English language; that, children are more attentive in class when their mother tongue is used to them than when English is used at the initial phase of their educational exposure. Also, an amazing finding amongst others in this research endeavor is the fact that pilot school pupils who employed mother tongue in early learning as medium of instruction did not only perform better in all school curricular subjects but also in English language subject than their counterparts in the regular school system whose medium of instruction was English language.
Teachers’ Job Satisfaction and Turnover: Re-Examining Learning Achievement in Biology in Public Secondary Schools, Garissa County, Kenya
Authors: T Makokha, , V Nabwire, , A Yungungu,
Published: October 2024

Teachers spend lengthy periods of their lifetime in school work environments and their satisfaction in the job has crucially far-reaching implications. Besides making them feel good about themselves, job satisfaction draws on teachers’ well-being as satisfied teachers are less susceptible to leaving their positions. The aim of this paper was to evaluate teachers’ job satisfaction as a teachers’ turnover factor in influencing learning achievement in Biology in public secondary schools in Garissa County. Guided by Becker’s Human Capital Theory of Occupational Choice, the study was driven by a philosophical paradigm borrowed from the Pragmatic Worldview and adopted a convergent mixed-methods research design. The study targeted 2786 respondents comprising 2691 form three students and 95 Biology teachers from 40 public secondary schools from which 27 schools were picked through stratified random sampling. The sample size constituted 336 form three students and 51 Biology teachers obtained through simple random and purposive sampling respectively. Questionnaire and document analysis guide were used in data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Linear Regression were done. The study established that job satisfaction (r=0.67, p<0.05) had a positive significant correlation with learning achievement in Biology. The study therefore concluded that, teachers’ job satisfaction influenced learning achievement in Biology in public secondary schools in Garissa County. The study recommended strategies that should lower teacher turnover and increase learning achievement in Biology thus; re-visit salary schemes for teachers to ensure they re-visit salary schemes for teachers in public secondary schools to ensure teachers are well paid besides are well paid, teacher promotions should be streamlined and staff development opportunities enhanced.
Stored Palm Wine: Negative Health Implication of Its Unwholesome Consumption
Authors: I Osuji M. , E Mmadubulum N. , C Nkwonta R. , M Bernard E.
Published: October 2024

This research work was carried out investigate the microbiological and biochemical changes taking place in stored palm wine. Microbiological examination of the stored samples revealed that as the storage time increases, the fugal (yeast) cell increases from 2.3 x 102 to 4.7 x 105 cfu/ml. Also, analysis on the sugar level showed that fresh palm wine which forms day 1 sample has sugar level of 38% which makes it sugary. As fermentation process occurs, the sugar is been converted to alcohol. Subsequently, the alcohol formed during fermentation is further oxidized to Aldehyde. There is the possibility of formation of carboxylic acid and ketone. All these chemicals are toxic to the body. This work is recommending that as the storage time increases, the number of yeast cell increases. This yeast can be extracted, purified and kept for use or sale. Consumption of palm wine above four (4) days should be discontinued as the consumer is loading his body with alcohol and aldehyde. This long storage time will also lead to the formation of carboxylic acid and ketone which are harmful to the body.
The Collaborative Role of Non-Synthetic Fertilizers on Production of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Ethiopia's Central Highlands, Ejere District
Authors: Mekonnen Mulugeta , Mnalku Abere
Published: October 2024

This study sought to determine how non-synthetic fertilizers collaborated to produce faba bean in the 2019–20 and 2021–2022 cropping seasons in agricultural settings in the Ethiopian district of Ejere. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance by SAS statistical platform version 9.3. Means were compared with the Least Significance Difference (LSD) at a 5% probability level. To compute the economic advantage of the intervention, farm get prices of inputs and outputs were considered and marginal rate of return (% MRR) was work out for each treatment, and values ≥100 was set as profitable in absolute terms. The mean outcome of the two years’ worth of data analysis showed that there was substantial (p ≤ 0.05) difference in all parameters among the treatments at Ejere. At Ejere, the treatments (FB-17 + 0.76 ton ha-1 VC), (FB-17+ 0.57 ton ha-1 VC), (0.76 ton ha-1 VC) and (FB-17+ 0.38 ton ha-1 VC) yielded the highest mean GYs (3582kg ha-1), (3535kg ha-1), (3430 kg ha-1) and (3234 kg ha-1), respectively. However, the results of the partial budget analysis showed that the treatments (FB-17) and (FB-17 + 0.57 ton ha-1 VC) had the greater marginal rates of return 7218% and 1148%, respectively. These treatments are thought to be very good candidates for more testing in farmers' fields across various aggro-ecologies in order to determine which ones are the best substitute non-synthetic fertilizers for faba bean production in Ethiopia's Nitisol zones.
Preterm Birth Outcomes during the War in El-Obeid, Western Sudan
Authors: Hayaty Inaam Eloshary Mohammed , Ahmed Hussain Gadelkarim
Published: October 2024

Background: Premature birth is the leading cause of newborn morbidity and mortality. This study sought to evaluate the outcomes of preterm delivery in El-Obeid, Sudan. Methodology: A prospective descriptive study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan, from January 2023 to December 2024. The study encompassed approximately 106 hospitalized women with a gestational age below 37 weeks. Results: The largest G.A. at risk were 34 weeks, followed by 35 weeks, with figures of 26/106 (24.5%) and 20/106 (19%). The majority of deaths occurred at 30 G.A. (27%). The most common risk factor was premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), followed by postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), which accounted for 45% and 39%, respectively. Antepartum hemorrhage caused the majority of deaths (49%) in Sudan. Conclusion: Preterm birth is widespread in Sudan, with severe consequences, the most common being death. Although postpartum hemorrhage is the most common risk factor, antepartum hemorrhage is becoming more closely associated with death.
PENGARUH KONSUMSI KUKIS ’MANGPIS’ TERHADAP PEMERIKSAAN GULA DARAH PERIVER DAN VENA SUBJEK OBESITAS
Authors: Nawai Fatmayanti , Syauqy Ahmad , Pramono Adriyan , Afifah Diana Nur , Noer Etika Ratna
Published: October 2024

Serat makanan, pati resisten, senyawa bioaktif, antioksidan fenolik, flavonoid, dan inulin ditemukan dalam tepung mangrove dan pisang. Perpaduan kedua tepung tersebut diharapkan dapat menghasilkan kukis yang berefek pada peningkatan metabolisme subjek obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik kimiawi, tingkat kesukaan, dan indeks glikemik kukis tepung mangrove dan pisang (mangpis) untuk meningkatkan metabolisme pada subjek obesitas. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap. Tahap pertama analisis karakteristik kimia dan tingkat kesukaan menggunakan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dengan 2 kali pengulangan. Tahap kedua formula terbaik dan terpilih dari uji tingkat kesukaan di nilai indeks glikemiknya dan beban glikemiknya menggunakan Complete Randomized Design. serta tahap ketiga intervensi kukis menggunakan Pre-Post Randomized Control Group Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa F1 memiliki kandungan air, serat pangan, serat kasar, dan pati resisten tertinggi, sedangkan F0 memiliki kandungan protein, energi, dan karbohidrat tertinggi. Kukis F2 memiliki kandungan lemak tertinggi. Indeks glikemik kukis F2 termasuk termasuk kategori sedang dengan beban glikemik rendah. Intervensi F2 selama 28 hari mengurangi trigliserida tetapi tidak memengaruhi kadar gula darah puasa atau insulin.
The Factors for Low Back Pain Among the School Children
Authors: Wasiqur Rahman Sabbir, , Jeasmin Akter,
Published: October 2024

The human spine is in the sagittal plane, the cervical spine and the lumbar spine have a lordotic curve, which is cunter-balanced by thoracic kypotic curv., These curves provide optimal biomechanical anchoring to the numerous muscle groups. These curves allow optimal load transfer along the spine and abdominal cavity. Any significant change in these curves structurally alters the stress transfer across the vertebral units, potentially subjecting them to injury, which invariably leads to pain. The purpose of the study was to find out the proportion of low back pain among the school children. Having the mechanical problem associated with low back pain among the school children by using school desk assess the psychological factors associated with low back pain among the study subject and assess the others factors associated with low back pain among the study subject. In this cross-sectional study a total of 136 school children (male 59, 43.4%; female 77, 56.6%), mean age 13.18 years, duration of the work near about six months were obtained from different area of Dhaka city. A total 136 school children included in the study among them 68.4% have low back pain and 31.6% did not have low back pain. Significant factors are physical activities, mode of transport and duration sedenty activity.