bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS PRODUK DAN LOKASI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN PEMBELIAN ( Studi Pada Pemelian Air Masak Al Baroqah Di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie )
Authors: Jannah Miftah , Yusnidar Cut , Isnaini Teuku
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh Harga, Kualitas Produk dan Lokasi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen (Studi Pembelian Air Rebus Al Baroqah Di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie))”. Dimana variabel bebasnya adalah harga (X1), kualitas produk (X2) dan lokasi (X3), dan keputusan konsumen (Y) sebagai variabel terikatnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang membeli air rebusan Al Baroqah di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Simple Random Sampling.   Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaan regresi: Y = 3,164 + 0,277 X1 + 0,200 X2 + 0,431 X3. Hasil  analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari ketiga variabel yang diteliti ternyata variabel lokasi (X3) memiliki pengaruh paling dominan sebesar 43,1% terhadap keputusan konsumen (Y) untuk membeli air rebusan Al Baroqah. di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga, Kabupaten Pidie. Pengaruh variabel dependen dan independen yaitu masing-masing variabel harga (X1), kualitas produk (X2) dan lokasi (X3) terhadap keputusan konsumen (Y) Pembelian air rebusan Al Baroqah di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie dengan indeks korelasi sebesar 88.4 % Artinya hubungannya sangat kuat. Kemudian indeks determinasi masing-masing harga (X1), kualitas produk (X2) dan lokasi (X3) adalah sebesar 78,1%, hal ini berarti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan konsumen (Y) untuk membeli air rebusan Al Baroqah di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga, Kabupaten Pidie yaitu sebesar 21,1% yang dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Kata Kunci : Harga, Kualitas Produk, Lokasi, Keputusan Konsumen
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN PIUTANG TERHADAP TINGKAT LABA PADA SEKTOR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI SUB SEKTOR ROKOK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2021
Authors: Fadilah Nora , Nazariah Nazariah , Ramzijah Ramzijah
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh likuiditas terhadap tingkat laba pada sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh sub sektor rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang berjumlah 5 perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan maka jumlah sampel diperoleh sebanyak 4 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian koefisien regresi untuk variabel likuiditas bernilai 0,002 dengan tanda positif dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0.965 dimana nilai ini tidak signifikan karena lebih besar dari 0.05 artinya likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat laba. Berdasarkan persamaan regresi terlihat bahwa koefisien untuk variabel piutang sebesar 3,958E-6 dengan tanda positif dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0.889 artinya piutang tidak  berpengaruh terhadap tingkat laba. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis secara simultan diperoleh Fhitung  sebesar 0,010 dan Ftabel  sebesar 3,35. Karena Fhitung   Ftabel  (0,010 3,35) dan sig 5% (0,990 5% atau 0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa likuiditas (X1) dan piutang (X2) secara simultan tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat laba. Kata kunci: Likuiditas, piutang dan Tingkat Laba.
Pengaruh Cash Holding, Komisaris Independen, Kualitas Audit, dan Nilai Perusahaan Terhadap Praktek Perataan Laba
Authors: Tami Eriastuti Eka , Pohan Hotman Tohir
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini merujuk kepada permasalahan terkait dengan praktek perataan laba yang dipengaruhi berbagai faktor. Dalam hal ini menarik peneliti melakukan penelitian kembali terkait permasalahan praktek perataan laba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara variabel cash holding, komisaris independen, kualitas audit dan nilai perusahaan terhadap praktek perataan laba. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode analisis logistik dengan teknik purposive sampling dan data yang digunakan yaitu data laporan tahunan (annual report) dan laporan keuangan (financial report) perusahaan manufaktur subsektor basic materials, industrials, consumer non-cylicals, consumer cyclicals, dan healthcare yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesian (BEI) periode 2019-2021. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa variabel cash holding dan nilai perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap praktek perataan laba. Sedangkan variabel komisaris independen dan kualitas audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktek perataan laba.
Vocabulary Acquisition through Graded Captioned Videos among Lower Proficiency Second Language Learners
Authors: Rajendran Kirubah , Mustafa Hema Rosheney BT
Published: September 2023

Vocabulary acquisition has become essential for second language learners to proceed to the next band on CEFR global scales. However, there are worries about how CEFR would affect lower proficiency pupils with limited vocabulary. To address this, graded captioned videos from English Central has been used among the lower proficiency pupils. In this current study, selected year 6 students (20 experimental and 20 control) from a semi urban school was chosen. This study used contextualized vocabulary tests such as Multiple Choice Vocabulary tests and C-test. Pearson correlation was also performed to determine if there is a correlation between Experimental pre and post test. The results of the descriptive statistics and two tailed t-test showed that the Experimental Pre group has lower values for the dependent variable than the Experimental Post group. Besides, there were also several limitations in the current study. The study mainly focussed on form and meaning rather than collaborating all the three main themes: Form, Meaning and Use. It would be useful for the future researchers to do more study on form, meaning and use together. As stated earlier, the result from the present study indicates that using captioned videos as an English teaching material in multimedia classrooms can assist learners to receive the language through multisensory channels and help them to develop their vocabulary learning process.
DETECTION OF TRAFFIC SIGNS FOR AUTONOMOUS DRIVING WITH THE DEEP LEARNING METHOD
Authors: AKGÜN Hayati , UĞUZ Sinan
Published: September 2023

Deep learning practices used in many fields, in particular, in health, military, economy, and production industries, are an important area of artificial intelligence in our age. The object classification and object recognition applications, which play a significant role in the development of autonomous vehicle technologies, constitute the focal point of the deep learning studies. It is clear that the recent studies based on the deep learning models show that they are useful and successful performances for safe driving not only for vehicles but also for pedestrians. It is very crucial and significant that the autonomous systems recognize the traffic signs with high accuracy for a safe driving. Especially, the pedestrian crossing, school district, urban speed limits can be regarded among the most critical traffic signs. In this study, we have used the data set including the traffic signs obtained by our own means to carry out trainings by using faster R-CNN which is regarded as one of the most important recognition architectures. Thanks to the hardware module produced as a result of the operation, we have developed a system that warns the driver of the vehicle with audible warning. The developed hardware module can detect not only the speed limits, traffic signs but also pedestrian crossings and school districts and alert the driver in reel-time. The developed hardware module is based on Arduino and because of the GPS sensor, it can also show the speed of the vehicle. Moreover, we have used Python for the developed software and the dataset trainings have been carried out by using the Tensorflow library. We think that the study will contribute a lot to the recognition of traffic signs for the autonomous vehicle applications.
Investigating Factors Influencing Inflation in the USA
Authors: COSKUN YILMAZ Sevgi
Published: September 2023

The determination of inflation has been extensively explored in economic literature and it remains an ongoing and developing field of study. Researchers have examined diverse econometric methodologies and analyzed data from varying time spans to identify the factors influencing inflation. In this research paper, we explore the factors influencing inflation in the USA by utilizing the monthly data from 2002 to 2020. To achieve our aim, we employ error correction model (ECM) and then granger causality method. The findings indicate that certain lagged changes in inflation, consumer price index (CPI) for fuel and utilities, CPI all city average and production price index play a significant role in accounting for the variations in inflation in the USA but the lagged changes in money supply are not a significant determinant in accounting for the fluctuations in inflation in the USA. Moreover, the results of causality analysis suggest that all factors have significant Granger causality on inflation, except money supply.
Jornalismo de soluções e a questão ambiental: uma análise do projeto Seven Grams
Authors: Silva Dayana Karla Melo da , Aguiar Carlos Eduardo Souza
Published: September 2023

A noção de jornalismo de soluções é utilizada para descrever práticas jornalísticas que visam não apenas relatar problemas sociais, econômicos e/ou ambientais, mas buscar respostas para esses problemas. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a aplicabilidade dessa noção por meio do estudo de caso do projeto Seven Grams, que consiste em uma narrativa jornalística autodefinida como baseada em soluções e em realidade aumentada e que tem como finalidade retraçar a cadeia de suprimentos dos smartphones e o custo humano e ambiental envolvido nesse processo. Com base na observação e análise das práticas tecnológicas e informacionais utilizadas pelo Seven Grams, o artigo conclui enfatizando o duplo aspecto da cultura digital presente no projeto, que ora é pensada como problema, ora é pensada como solução.
A Banalidade da mentira na sociedade do pós-facto
Authors: Figueira João
Published: September 2023

Os atuais processos comunicacionais mudaram tudo: a forma de fazer de jornalismo, política, o acesso à informação e as relações entre dirigentes políticos e cidadãos. A esta desregulação da comunicação corresponde uma "liberalização" da verdade traduzida muitas vezes em mentira e desinformação. Paralelamente, emergem e ganham força crescente novos radicalismos de direita, num contexto em que a epistemologia do eu é reforçada pelas lógicas digitais de comunicação. Diante da complexa incerteza que as sociedades democráticas vivem hoje, onde se inclui o jornalismo, este deve representar o porto seguro contra as ondas alterosas da desinformação e da falsidade.
Research In Agricultural Education Should Be Handled By Units Separate From Teacher Education Departments
Authors: Patterson S. Douglas
Published: September 2023

This issue of The Journal presents another in the series "debate the issues" articles authored by leaders in agricultural education. The focus of this debate is the location of research efforts in agricultural education: Should they be affiliated with teacher education departments or in separate units? The authors are Ronald A. Brown, Mississippi State University, and S. Douglas Patterson, Alabama State Department of Education.
Time To Take Inventory In Agriculutral Education
Authors: Lee Jasper S.
Published: September 2023

The Distinguished Lecture is an interesting feature of the annual AATEA Breakfast meeting held during the American Vocational Association Convention each year. The Journal is used as a means of widely distributing the lecture to the profession. The Distinguished Lecture for 1979 was presented on December 4, 1979, at the convention in Anaheim, California.
Agricultural Education Fantasies, Facts, And Features: A Re-Examination
Authors: Drake William E.
Published: September 2023

The Distinguished Lecture is an interesting feature of the annual AATEA Breakfast meeting held during the American Vocational Association Convention each year. The Journal is used as a means of widely distributing the lecture to the profession. The Distinguished Lecture for 1981 was presented on December 7, 1981, at the convention in Atlanta, Georgia.
The Role Of Vocational Education In Agriculture--Socialization
Authors: Iverson Maynard J.
Published: September 2023

This issue of The Journal presents another in the series of "debate the issues" articles authored by leaders in agricultural education. The Role of Vocational Education in Agriculture is the focus of this debate. Martin McMillion, of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, advocates Economic Efficiency, while Maynard Iverson, of North Carolina State University, calls for Socialization.
Performance Based Teacher Education: The Case Against Its Wholesale Use
Authors: Newcomb L.H.
Published: September 2023

The notion of performance-based teacher education has been discussed by professors of agricultural education for more than a decade now. Yet, here we are examining it anew. What we must come to realize, sooner or later, is that PBTE falls short of the once hailed promises and expectations because it contains fundamental flaws.
Will ChatGPT pass the Polish specialty exam in radiology and diagnostic imaging? Insights into strengths and limitations
Authors: Kufel Jakub , Paszkiewicz Iga , Bielówka Michał , Bartnikowska Wiktoria , Janik Michał , Stencel Magdalena , Czogalik Łukasz , Gruszczyńska Katarzyna , Mielcarska Sylwia
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Rapid development of artificial intelligence has aroused curiosity regarding its potential applications in medical field. The purpose of this article was to present the performance of ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art language model in relation to pass rate of national specialty examination (PES) in radiology and imaging diagnostics within Polish education system. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the strengths and limitations of the model through a detailed analysis of issues raised by exam questions.

Material and methods

he present study utilized a PES exam consisting of 120 questions, provided by Medical Exami­nations Center in Lodz. Questions were administered using openai.com platform that grants free access to GPT-3.5 model. All questions were categorized according to Bloom’s taxonomy to assess their complexity and difficulty. Following the answer to each exam question, ChatGPT was asked to rate its confidence on a scale of 1 to 5 to evaluate the accuracy of its response.

Results

ChatGPT did not reach the pass rate threshold of PES exam (52%); however, it was close in certain question categories. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of correct answers across question types and sub-types.

Conclusions

The performance of the ChatGPT model in the pass rate of PES exam in radiology and imaging diagnostics in Poland is yet to be determined, which requires further research on improved versions of ChatGPT.
The Effect of Social Media Brand Engagement on South African Consumers’ Purchase Intentions
Authors: Ntobaki Paballo , Buthelezi Makhosazane
Published: September 2023

Social media has perennially transformed consumers’ purchasing cycles. Today, consumers can effortlessly conduct online information searches about brands based on their interest in brands' social media pages or read brand reviews made by other consumers on social media networks. Social media is undisputedly characterised by ratings, comments, reviews, and other features found on websites that indicate what users think of the content being discussed. Taking note of what users say on social media and engaging in discussions is a great way for brands to influence these discussions and condition consumers’ purchase decisions and intentions. To achieve the objectives of this research, this study adopts a quantitative research method in which convenience and purposive sampling were utilised to recruit research participants. Self-administered, structured questionnaires are used to collect primary data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are utilised in this study. Data is analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. The outcomes of this research advocate that social media is an immensely powerful communication tool that can be used to shape consumers’ purchase intentions.
Torsion of ovarian cyst in the third trimester of pregnancy: case report
Authors: I Nyoman Hariyasa Sanjaya  , Pemayun Cokorda Istri Mirayani , Gianni Ni Putu Nining , Sakuntari Made Diah Vendita , Purwanti Ni Wayan Dewi , Putri Ni Luh Made Diah Mas Cahyani , Ni Luh Md Dwi Laxmi Satriani  , Ni Komang Anik Pirgantari  , Firsta Sesarina Mintariani  , Anak Agung Wahyu Putri Agustini  , Ketut Widyani Astuti
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The entire or partial rotation of the adnexa around its vascular axis or pedicle is known as ovarian torsion. Predisposing factors include short length, unrestricted motion, and a long pedicle. It’s tough to pinpoint the exact cause. Dermoid and serous cyst adenomas are the most common. The complete torsion blocks the venous and lymphatic systems, resulting in stasis, venous congestion, bleeding, and necrosis. The cyst becomes irritable and may explode. A soft cystic mass separate from the uterus can be seen on examination of the affected person, who usually complains of abrupt severe discomfort in the stomach and pelvis. At some time during pregnancy, the risk of ovarian torsion increases by a factor of five. The incidence rate is five per 10,000 pregnancies. Torsion of ovarian tumors was more common among women in their reproductive years. The majority of the instances were seen in pregnant women (22.7%) rather than non-pregnant women (6.1%).
Case Description: In this case, we report a 27-year-old primigravida with 36 weeks and 5 days of pregnancy. She presented to the hospital with acute pain abdomen in the lower right (lumbar). She has a history of pregnancy control at a private clinic and there are no abnormalities in her pregnancy. She was hospitalized at 35 weeks 3 days of pregnancy due to the same complaint and has collaborated with the surgeon. No abnormalities were found on the abdominal ultrasound and urology at that time. The baby was born at 36 weeks 6 days of gestation by cesarean section, a twisted ovarian cyst was found on the right ovary, a dextra salpingectomy was performed for oophorectomy and an appendicectomy was also performed at the same time in collaboration with the surgeon. A healthy baby with a weight of 2300 grams and full of breastfeeding.
Conclusion: This example demonstrates the problem of manufacturing desirable excellent radiological ultrasound imaging of the pelvic organs in late pregnancy. ultrasound exam in early pregnancy has to also be geared toward the cervix and adnexa which ends up in early analysis and management of ovarian hundreds, thereby fending off future emergency conditions and possible preterm transport.
Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Third and Fourth Degree of Perineal Rupture
Authors: Setiawan William Alexander
Published: September 2023

Numerous studies have demonstrated how routine episiotomies can cause additional problems like poor postpartum sexual function, ongoing perineal pain, and increased anal sphincter damage resulting in flatus or fecal incontinence. To combat the high frequency of maternal labor morbidity, antibiotic prophylaxis is recognized as a method of intervention that can be applied. . On the other hand, several studies seem to support the use of preventive antibiotics in situations of severe perineal rupture. It is not advised to use antibiotics excessively due to the rising prevalence of their use, which increases the danger of antibiotic resistance. As a result, following a serious perineal tear, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is crucial to preventing infection and determining whether a side effect is present in the mother or infant. Therefore it is necessary to assess the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce maternal morbidity and side effects of third and fourth-degree perineal rupture during vaginal delivery.
The Incidence of Vaginal Deliveries in Obese Mothers at Prof Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital In 2022
Authors: I Nyoman Hariyasa Sanjaya  , Cokorda Istri Mirayani Pemayun  , Ni Wayan Dewi Purwanti  , Made Diah Vendita Sakuntari  , Ni Putu Nining Gianni  , Ni Luh Made Diah Mas Cahyani Putri  , Ni Luh Md Dwi Laxmi Satriani  , Firsta Sesarina Mintariani  , Ketut Widyani Astuti
Published: September 2023

Introduction: One of the risk factors seen most frequently in obstetric practice is maternal obesity. Women who were overweight or obese made up more than half of all female fatalities due to direct or indirect causes. Obesity increases the chance that the mother will experience obstetric problems during pregnancy, labour, and delivery, making fetal assessment more technically difficult.
Methods: This study uses quantitative descriptive univariate analysis. The type of data is secondary data taken from the birth register. This study examines women who gave birth in 2022 and were identified as belonging to the obesity category by Prof. Dr. I. G. N. G. Ngoerah Denpasar General Hospital.
Results: At Prof.dr.I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar General Hospital, 21 obese pregnant women will give birth throughout 2022. Of the 21 people, 81% give birth by emergency C-section, 4,8% by elective C-section, and 14,2% give birth vaginally. Obese pregnant women have a higher risk of needing a cesarean section. Patients with obese class III had a significantly higher risk of infant morbidity than those with a normal BMI, according to their findings.
Conclusions: Obese pregnant women are at increased risk of having a cesarean section. Therefore, health workers must provide knowledge to pre-pregnant or pre-marital women to maintain their BMI so they do not become obese during pregnancy. Thus, morbidity and mortality rates can also be reduced.
Treatment modalities in breastfeeding babies with marasmus and kwashiorkor associated with ankyloglossia
Authors: Praborini Asti , Wulandari Ratih Ayu , Nafiriana Okky
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Successful breastfeeding depends on an infant's ability to latch onto the mother's breast correctly. A poor latch will cause insufficient milk transfer which will cause poor growth. Each type of mammal produces different components of milk which make it species-specific and adjusts to their needs, growth rate, and breastfeeding habits. Human breast milk has many benefits for human babies because it contains various substances both nutrition and protection. This study aims to present two infants who suffered from Ankyloglossia, which hindered the baby's ability to breastfeed and eat solid food
Case Presentation: The study presented two infants who suffered from Ankyloglossia, which hindered the baby's ability to breastfeed and eat solid food. These babies were diagnosed with marasmus and kwashiorkor. After revision on both the lip- and tongue ties, supplementation with pasteurized human milk donor, and good complementary feeding, the babies finally reach optimal growth and development.
Conclusion: The sucking ability of the baby during early breastfeeding was proven to be important and should be examined, to achieve further successful breastfeeding.
The Quality of The Production Process in The Product Life Cycle
Authors: SITKO Jacek
Published: September 2023

One of the elements of the product life cycle is the manufacturing process as a set of phenomena and deliberate actions that cause the desired changes and gradually occur in the object of work undergoing the impact. As they accumulate, they cause the object to gradually acquire characteristics that bring it closer and more similar to the intended product.
Measurement report: Source apportionment and environmental impacts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Lhasa, a highland city in China
Authors: Ye Chunxiang , Guo Shuzheng , Lin Weili , Tian Fangjie , Wang Jianshu , Zhang Chong , Chi Suzhen , Chen Yi , Zhang Yingjie , Zeng Limin , Li Xin , Bu Duo , Zhou Jiacheng , Zhao Weixiong
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Hypoxia and adverse health outcomes might be affected by O3 pollution in the highland city of Lhasa. NOx emissions
can amplify the role of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the secondary
production of O3 under the conditions of high ultraviolet (UV)
radiation levels and unfavourable dispersion patterns in the Lhasa River
valley. Here, online C2–C11 VOC measurements, accompanied by other
parameters concerning the O3 chemical budget, were first obtained and
employed to identify the key VOC species and key sources of VOCs in terms of the loss rate against OH radicals (LOH), ozone formation potential (OFP), secondary organic aerosol potential (SOAP), and toxicity. Oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) not only were the most abundant VOCs but also dominated LOH, OFP, and toxicity. Isoprene and anthropogenic VOCs were further identified as precursors of these OVOCs. Aromatics accounted for 5 % of the total VOCs (TVOCs) but contributed 88 % to the SOAP and 10 % to the toxicity. As the primary oxidative intermediates of aromatics were not well characterized
by our measurements, the environmental impact of aromatics could be
underestimated by our data. Source appointment and ternary analysis of
benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene confirmed the combined contribution of
traffic emissions, solvent usage, and biomass burning. This suggests that
O3 precursors are mainly from sources associated with residents' lives,
except for solvent usage emissions which contribute to aromatics. Preliminary comparisons between source spectrums of transport sector emissions with positive matrix
factorization (PMF)-decomposed ones and our measured ones suggest that vehicle emission patterns of VOCs at high altitude generally follow the ground-level impression. More quantitative data are required to further confirm this point though. Emission reduction strategy analysis for O3 pollution control highlighted multiple benefits of the simultaneous reduction in NOx originating from
diesel vehicle emissions, biomass burning, and background sources
(possibly dominated by incense burning). The notable biogenic emission
contribution to the OFP was also first confirmed in our study, and this
highlights the side effects of the government's pursuit of a greener city.
Retrieval of surface solar irradiance from satellite imagery using machine learning: pitfalls and perspectives
Authors: Verbois Hadrien , Saint-Drenan Yves-Marie , Becquet Vadim , Gschwind Benoit , Blanc Philippe
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal characteristics of solar surface irradiance (SSI) is critical in many domains. While meteorological ground stations can provide accurate measurements of SSI locally, they are sparsely distributed worldwide. SSI estimations derived from satellite imagery are thus crucial to gain a finer understanding of the solar resource. Inferring SSI from satellite images is, however, not straightforward, and it has been the focus of many researchers in the past 30 to 40 years. For long, the emphasis has been on models grounded in physical laws with, in some cases, simple statistical parametrizations. Recently, new satellite SSI retrieval methods have been emerging, which directly infer the SSI from the satellite images using machine learning. Although only a few such works have been published, their practical efficiency has already been questioned. The objective of this paper is to better understand the potential and the pitfalls of this new family of methods. To do so, simple multi-layer-perceptron (MLP) models are constructed with different training datasets of satellite-based radiance measurements from Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) with collocated SSI ground measurements from Météo-France. The performance of the models is evaluated on a test dataset independent from the training set in both space and time and compared to that of a state-of-the-art physical retrieval model from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). We found that the data-driven model's performance is very dependent on the training set. Provided the training set is sufficiently large and similar enough to the test set, even a simple MLP has a root mean square error (RMSE) that is 19 % lower than CAMS and outperforms the physical retrieval model at 96 % of the test stations.
On the other hand, in certain configurations, the data-driven model can dramatically underperform even in stations located close to the training set: when geographical separation was enforced between the training and test set, the MLP-based model exhibited an RMSE that was 50 % to 100 % higher than that of CAMS in several locations.
Simulated responses of soil carbon to climate change in CMIP6 Earth system models: the role of false priming
Authors: Varney Rebecca M. , Chadburn Sarah E. , Burke Eleanor J. , Jones Simon , Wiltshire Andy J. , Cox Peter M.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Reliable estimates of soil carbon change are required to determine the carbon budgets consistent with the Paris Agreement climate targets. This
study evaluates projections of soil carbon during the 21st century in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) Earth system models (ESMs) under a range of atmospheric composition
scenarios. In general, we find a reduced spread of changes in global soil carbon (ΔCs) in CMIP6 compared to the previous CMIP5
model generation. However, similar reductions were not seen in the derived contributions to ΔCs due to both increases in plant net primary productivity (NPP, named ΔCs,NPP) and reductions in the effective soil carbon turnover time (τs, named
ΔCs,τ). Instead, we find a strong relationship across the CMIP6 models between these NPP and τs components of
ΔCs, with more positive values of ΔCs,NPP being correlated with more negative values of
ΔCs,τ. We show that the concept of “false priming” is likely to be contributing to this emergent relationship, which leads
to a decrease in the effective soil carbon turnover time as a direct result of NPP increase and occurs when the rate of increase in NPP is
relatively fast compared to the slower timescales of a multi-pool soil carbon model. This finding suggests that the structure of soil carbon models
within ESMs in CMIP6 has likely contributed towards the reduction in the overall model spread in future soil carbon projections since CMIP5.
Impacts of synoptic forcing and cloud inhibition on aerosol radiative effect and boundary layer structure during winter pollution in Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Lu Hua , Xie Min , Wang Tijian , Liu Bojun , Zhan Yangzhihao , Zhuang Bingliang , Li Shu , Li Mengmeng , Zhu Kuanguang
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Winter persistent aerosol pollution frequently occurs in the Sichuan Basin (SCB) due to its unfavorable weather conditions, such as low wind, wetness, and cloudiness. Based on long–term observational data analyses from 2015–2021, it was found that the four representative stations in the SCB often simultaneously experienced PM2.5 pollution accompanied by variations in meteorological conditions above 850 hPa, which indicates a connection between regional winter air pollution in the SCB and large–scale synoptic patterns. The dominant 850 hPa synoptic patterns of winter SCB were classified into six patterns using T–model principal component analysis. Pattern 2, characterized by an east high west low (EHWL) pressure system, and Pattern 5, featuring a low trough (LT), were identified as key synoptic patterns for the beginning and accumulation of pollution processes. Pattern 1, characterized by a strong high pressure in the north, was the cleanest pattern associated with reduced PM2.5 concentrations. The EHWL and LT patterns were associated with a remarkably high cloud liquid content, which was attributed to upper southerly winds that introduced humid air and converted aerosols into fog/cloud drops. Clouds reduce solar radiation through reflection and scattering, resulting in more stable stratification and aerosol accumulation. This cloud radiation interaction (CRI) is more pronounced in the LT pattern due to denser isobaric lines and stronger southerly winds than in the EHWL pattern. Numerical simulation experiments using WRF-Chem showed afternoon upper–level heating and morning surface cooling forced by the aerosol radiation interaction (ARI) and evening strong surface cooling influenced by valley winds in the SCB. With wet and cloudy synoptic forcing, CRI directly affects the stability of the boundary layer and is modulated through ARI inhibition. For example, Chongqing showed lower PM2.5 concentrations and stronger ARI than the western and southern SCB due to thinner cloud liquid content and weaker CRI inhibition on ARI. The CRI inhibition caused a 50 % reduction in solar radiation and boundary layer height during the daytime under the LT pattern, which was larger than that under the EHWL pattern. This study comprehensively analyzed the cloud inhibition on ARIs and their impacts on the boundary layer structure under typical synoptic forcing during pollution processes, emphasizing the significant role of CRI inhibition in wet and cloudy regions.
Weekly-derived top-down VOC fluxes over Europe from TROPOMI HCHO data in 2018–2021
Authors: Oomen Glenn-Michael , Müller Jean-François , Stavrakou Trissevgeni , De Smedt Isabelle , Blumenstock Thomas , Kivi Rigel , Makarova Maria , Palm Mathias , Röhling Amelie , Té Yao , Vigouroux Corinne , Friedrich Martina M. , Frieß Udo , Hendrick François , Merlaud Alexis , Piters Ankie , Richter Andreas , Van Roozendael Michel , Wagner Thomas
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of particulate matter and tropospheric ozone. Although the terrestrial biosphere is by far the largest source of VOCs into the atmosphere, the emissions of biogenic VOCs remain poorly constrained at regional scale. In this work, we derive top-down biogenic emissions over Europe using weekly-averaged TROPOMI formaldehyde (HCHO) data from 2018 to 2021. The systematic bias of the TROPOMI HCHO columns is characterized and corrected for based on comparisons with FTIR data at seven European stations. The top-down fluxes of biogenic, pyrogenic, and anthropogenic VOC sources are optimized using an inversion framework based on the MAGRITTEv1.1 chemistry transport model and its adjoint. The inversion leads to strongly increased isoprene emissions with respect to the MEGAN-MOHYCAN inventory over the model domain (from 8.1 to 18.5 Tg yr-1) which is driven by the high observed TROPOMI HCHO columns in southern Europe. The impact of the inversion on biomass burning VOCs (+13 %) and anthropogenic VOCs (-17 %) is moderate. An evaluation of the optimized HCHO distribution against ground-based remote sensing (FTIR and MAX-DOAS) and in situ data provides generally improved agreement at stations below about 50° N, but indicates overestimated emissions in northern Scandinavia. Sensitivity inversions show that the top-down emissions are robust with respect to changes in the inversion settings and in the model chemical mechanism. However, the top-down emissions are very sensitive to the bias correction of the observed columns. Furthermore, the use of different a priori emissions has a significant impact on the inversion results due to large differences among bottom-up inventories. In regions with variable meteorology, there is strong week-to-week variability in the observed HCHO columns. The top-down emissions, which are optimized at weekly increments, have a much improved capability of representing these large fluctuations than an inversion using monthly increments.
Evaluating Post-Wildfire Debris Flow Rainfall Thresholds and Volume Models at the 2020 Grizzly Creek Fire in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado, USA
Authors: Rengers Francis K. , Bower Samuel , Knapp Andrew , Kean Jason W. , vonLembke Danielle W. , Thomas Matthew A. , Kostelnik Jaime , Barnhart Katherine R. , Bethel Matthew , Gartner Joseph E. , Hille Madeline , Staley Dennis M. , Anderson Justin , Roberts Elizabeth K. , DeLong Stephen B. , Lane Belize , Ridgway Paxton , Murphy Brendan P.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. As wildfire increases in the western United States, so do postfire debris-flow hazards. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed two separate models to estimate (1) rainfall intensity thresholds for postfire debris flow initiation and (2) debris-flow volumes. However, the information necessary to test the accuracy of these models is seldom available. Here, we studied how well these models performed over a two-year period in the 2020 Grizzly Creek Fire burn perimeter in Glenwood Canyon, Colorado, USA, through the development of a debris flow response inventory. The study area had the advantage of a network of 11 rain gauges for rainfall intensity measurements and repeat lidar data for volume estimates. Our observations showed that 89 % of observed debris flows in the first year postfire were triggered by rainfall rates higher than the fire-wide rainfall threshold produced by the current USGS operational model (M1). No debris flows were observed in the second year postfire, despite eight rainstorms with intensities higher than the modeled rainfall threshold. We found that the operational model for debris flow initiation rainfall thresholds works well in this region during the first year but may be too conservative in year 2 due to vegetation recovery and sediment exhaustion. However, rainfall thresholds in the second year can be improved by using updated remote sensing imagery to recalculate the debris-flow initiation probability with the M1 model. The current volume model overpredicts for this region by a median value of 4.4 times. However, the offset between the predictions and observations is linear, and the volumes from the Grizzly Creek debris flows had a similar magnitude to historic postfire debris flows in the region. Consequently, the current volume model could be adjusted with a regional correction factor.
Sediment source and sink identification using Sentinel-2 and a small network of turbidimeters on the Vjosa River
Authors: Droujko Jessica , Sudha Srividya Hariharan , Singer Gabriel , Molnar Peter
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Measurement of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) at a basin outlet yields a basin-integrated picture of sediment fluxes; however, it does not give a full spatial perspective on possible sediment pathways within the catchment. Spatially resolved estimates of SSC along river networks are needed to identify sediment sources and sinks, to track erosion gradients, and quantify anthropogenic effects on catchment-scale sediment production, e.g., by dam construction or erosion control. Here we explore the use of high-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite images for this purpose in narrow and morphologically complex mountain rivers, combined with ground station turbidity sensing for calibration and supported by a Lagrangian kayak-derived river profile measurement. The study is carried out on the Vjosa River in Albania, which is one of the last intact large river systems in Europe. We developed a workflow to estimate river turbidity profiles from Sentinel-2 images including atmospheric, cloud cover, and deepwater corrections for the period May 2019 to July 2021 (106 images). In situ turbidity measurements from four turbidity sensors located along the Vjosa River provided ground truthing. A multivariate linear regression model between turbidity and reflectance was fitted to this data. The extracted longitudinal river turbidity profiles were qualitatively validated with two descents of the river with a turbidity sensor attached to a kayak. The satellite-derived river profiles revealed variability in turbidity along the main stem with a strong seasonal signal, with the highest mean turbidity in winter along the entire length of the river. Most importantly, sediment sources and sinks could be identified and quantified from the river turbidity profiles, both for tributaries and within the reaches of the Vjosa. The river basin and network acted as a sediment source most of the time and significant sediment sinks were rare. Sediment sources were mostly tributaries following basin-wide rainfall, but within-reach sources in river beds and banks were also possible. Finally, we used the data to estimate the mean annual fine sediment yield at Dorez at ∼2.5±0.6 Mt yr−1, in line with previous studies, which reveals the importance of the Vjosa River as an important sediment source of the Adriatic Sea. This work presents a proof of concept that open-access high-resolution satellite data have potential for suspended sediment quantification not only in large waterbodies but also in smaller rivers. The potential applications are many, including identifying erosion hotspots, sediment activation processes, local point sources, glacial sediment inputs, and sediment fluxes in river deltas, with a necessary future research focus on improving accuracy and reducing uncertainty in such analyses.
Synthesis of Historical Reservoir Operations from 1980 – 2020 for the Evaluation of Reservoir Representation in Large Scale Hydrologic Models
Authors: Steyaert Jennie C. , Condon Laura E.
Published: September 2023

Abstract. All major river systems in the Contiguous United States (and many in the world) are impacted by dams, yet reservoir operations remain difficult to quantify and model due to lack of data. Reservoir operation data is often inaccessible or distributed across many local operating agencies making the acquisition and processing of data records quite time consuming. As a result, large scale models often rely on simple parameterizations for assumed reservoir operations and have very limited ability to evaluate how well these approaches match actual historical operations. Here, we use the first national dataset of historical reservoir operations in CONUS, ResOpsUS, to analyse reservoir storage trends and operations in more than 600 major reservoirs across the US. Our results show clear regional differences in reservoir operations. In the eastern US, which is dominated by flood control storage, we see storage peaks in the winter months with sharper decreases in operational range (i.e., the difference between monthly max and min storage) in the summer. While in the more arid western US where storage is predominantly for irrigation, we find that storage peaks during the spring and summer with increases in the operational range during the summer months. The Lower Colorado region is an outlier because its seasonal storage dynamics more closely mirrored that of flood control basins, yet the region is classified as arid, and most reservoirs have irrigation uses. Consistent with previous studies we show that average annual reservoir storage has decreased over the past 40 years, although our analyses show a much smaller decrease than previous work. The reservoir operation characterizations presented here can be used directly for development or evaluation of reservoir parameterizations in large scale models. We also evaluate how well historical operations match common assumptions that are often applied in large scale reservoir parameterizations. For example, we find that 100 dams have maximum storage values greater than the reported reservoir capacity from the Global Reservoirs and Dams database (GRanD). Finally, show that operational ranges have been increasing over time in more arid regions and decreasing in more humid regions, pointing to the need for operating policies which are not solely based on static values.
How far can the statistical error estimation problem be closed by collocated data?
Authors: Vogel Annika , Ménard Richard
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Accurate specification of the error statistics required for data assimilation remains an ongoing challenge, partly because their estimation is an
underdetermined problem that requires statistical assumptions. Even with the common assumption that background and observation errors are
uncorrelated, the problem remains underdetermined. One natural question that could arise is as follows: can the increasing amount of overlapping observations
or other datasets help to reduce the total number of statistical assumptions, or do they introduce more statistical unknowns? In order to answer
this question, this paper provides a conceptual view on the statistical error estimation problem for multiple collocated datasets, including a
generalized mathematical formulation, an illustrative demonstration with synthetic data, and guidelines for setting up and solving the
problem. It is demonstrated that the required number of statistical assumptions increases linearly with the number of datasets. However, the number
of error statistics that can be estimated increases quadratically, allowing for an estimation of an increasing number of error cross-statistics
between datasets for more than three datasets. The presented generalized estimation of full error covariance and cross-covariance matrices between
datasets does not necessarily accumulate the uncertainties of assumptions among error estimations of multiple datasets.
La Révolution (Netflix) comme symptôme du transmédiatisme dans une fiction historique
Authors: Orain Hugo
Published: September 2023

Deux cents ans après, la Révolution française survit sur nos écrans par les films, les docufictions, les séries télévisées et les jeux vidéo. Les représentations du passé s’inscrivent dans une filiation iconographique et fictionnelle dont il est possible de remonter la trace. Nous proposons de nous servir des mythologies contemporaines pour mener une généalogie de l’image. Plus précisément, nous nous intéresserons à la série-télévisée La Révolution (Molas et Guasti, Netflix, 2020) afin de comprendre dans quelle filiation artistique et culturelle elle s’inscrit. Cette œuvre raconte les origines fantastiques de la Révolution qui aurait été causée par un virus, le Sang bleu, propagé par des vampires aristocratiques. La série française serait la transposition d’un manga japonais vers un arrière-plan révolutionnaire. Pour appréhender toutes les inspirations des auteurs, nous nous appuierons sur des sources de conception, comme les entretiens et les critiques. Ainsi, nous voulons démontrer que La Révolution est une adaptation de motifs littéraires apparus dès la fin du XVIIIe siècle, à laquelle d’autres inspirations plus récentes se sont superposées. Cette série ne constitue pas une nouveauté scénaristique et s’inscrit dans une tradition fictionnelle ancienne, orientée idéologiquement. Nous nous aiderons des mythologies contemporaines de la Révolution (violence, fascination pour la guillotine, iconographie eschatologique, téléologisme) pour mener à bien cette généalogie.
Plot and Character Traits of the Werewolf Myth as a Feature of Armenian and German Literature
Authors: Parsadanyan Siranush , Tadevosyan Tereza
Published: September 2023

One of the most important research directions of literary studies is the study of wandering plots and their manifestations in the literature of different peoples.
The study examined the expressions of the werewolf myth in parallel of Armenian
and German literature.
The aim of the study is to investigate the characteristic features of the werewolf myth, to highlight its special features. The problem of the study is to identify the characteristic features of the werewolf image, the character transition from ethnographic material to fiction, to compare the global motifs of the myth, to find generalities, as well as differences between popular versions of the myth in the Armenian and German fiction.
Historical-comparative, hermeneutic, synthetical and mythological methods of literary text analysis were applied. Thus, studying the character and plot features of the werewolf myth, we come to the conclusion that it, based on folklore and feeding on it, as well as revealing plot commonalities with the world motifs of the myth, exhibits certain features in both Armenian and German literature.