bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transesophageal Echocardiographic Assessment of Single Ventricle Physiology with Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava in a Case of Heterotaxy Syndrome Posted for Kawashima Procedure and Hepatic Vein Rerouting
Authors: Das Devishree , Prakash Mohit
Published: December 2023

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is essential in delineating the anatomy, physiology, and perioperative management of single ventricle (SV) lesions. SV lesion is commonly associated with heterotaxy syndrome causing abnormal lateralization of organs across the body’s left-right axis. It is manifested as right atrial or left atrial isomerism. Patients with SV physiology require the Glenn procedure for surgical palliation whereas Fontan operation as definitive intervention. However, in a patient with interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC), the Kawashima procedure is used for definitive palliation. We report a 15-year-old female child diagnosed with SV physiology and interrupted IVC in association with heterotaxy syndrome posted for the Kawashima procedure and hepatic vein rerouting and illustrate the importance of perioperative TEE in delineating the anatomy, decision-making, and confirming the success of repair.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF ANESTHESIA ON EARLY POSTOPERATIVE RECOVERY IN PATIENTS WITH ABDOMINAL WALL HERNIAS
Authors: USHNEVYCH ZH.O.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Pathways to improved recovery after surgery are aimed at reducing surgical stress, maintaining physiologic homeostasis and returning to the patient's baseline functional level prior to surgery.A significant number of patients are operated on each year for hernias of the abdominal wall. One of the unwanted frequent complications is chronic postoperative pain. It can begin as an acute postoperative pain that is difficult to control, the provoking factor can be opioid hyperalgesia. A multimodal analgesia strategy involves combinations of analgesics to achieve clinically necessary analgesia while minimizing significant side effects and reduces dependence of any drug and is an important component of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols.

Goal. To assess the efficiency of the types of anesthesia regarding postoperative analgesia and the speed of recovery from the standpoint of patient safety.

Materials and methods. 66 patients who underwent surgical treatment of abdominal wall hernias took part in the study. They were divided into 3 groups according to the type of anesthesia (general, neuraxial and fascial blockades of the abdominal wall). Analyzed according to the risk of anesthesia. At different stages of the perioperative period, the use of analgesics was analyzed, the speed of awakening and the intensity of pain according to the VAS scale on the first day were assessed.

Results and discussion. The number of patients with the risk of ASA II was greater in the first group (general anesthesia), with the risk of ASA III in the second and third groups (neuraxial anesthesia and fascial blocks), which to some extent affected the choice of the type of anesthesia. According to the Aldrete awakening scale, after the operation, the patients of group 3 had the highest score, respectively, and the shortest time of transfer to the postoperative ward. 42% of patients in group 1 and all patients in group 2 received postoperative analgesia with the use of narcotic analgesics once. Patients in group 3 did not receive narcotic analgesics for postoperative analgesia.

Conclusions. The choice of anesthesia method is important to achieve effective results of rapid recovery. Neuraxial and fascial blocks promote faster recovery and allow to reduce or avoid the use of opioid analgesics during surgery. Fascial blocks of the abdominal wall provide long-term and adequate analgesia in the first day of the postoperative period after hernioplasty of the abdominal wall.
BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF FULL-TERM NEWBORNS WITH DIFFERENT PROTEIN SUPPLY ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE TREATMENT OF CRITICAL DISEASES OF THE PERINATAL PERIOD
Authors: ANIKIN I.O
Published: December 2023

Study of the effect of increased protein and L-carnitine supplementation in term neonates with critical illnesses on the biochemical profile and improvement of intensive care outcomes.

Objective: assessment of the impact of increased L-carnitine and protein supplementation on the physical development and biochemical profile of newborns who were in a critical condition.

Materials and methods. The life indicators of 59 full-term children, who were randomly divided into two groups, were studied. The first group (n = 30) received standard nutrition with mother's milk or formula, the second group (n = 29) received protein-fortified food and L-carnitine supplementation during the hospital stay.

The results. Babies of both groups had statistically equivalent characteristics at the beginning of the study. Against the background of higher consumption of proteins, the number of non-protein calories per 1 g of protein in the study group was 28.68 kcal/kg/day (27.50; 29.80), against the indicator of the standard diet group of 42.37 kcal/kg/day (41 .60; 38.00), with U = 28.0000; p = 0.000001. Carnitine supplementation in the GZ group led to an increase in the level of free carnitine in the last blood plasma samples of newborns. In general, the proposed nutrition strategy was accompanied by better indicators of physical development of children. Children who consumed more protein were transferred from the intensive care unit earlier – 10.00 (8.00; 12.00) days, against 12.00 (11.00; 16.00) days, with U = 235.00; p = 0.0024; previously discharged from the hospital -21.00 (19.00; 27.00) days, against 26.50 (22.00; 31.00) days at U = 267.00, p = 0.0109. This strategy proved to be safe, as confirmed by normal levels of phenylalanine and blood biochemical indicators at all stages of the examination of children, including urea nitrogen and creatinine.

Conclusions. Short-term increased consumption of protein against the background of carnitine supplementation improves the results of the physical development of newborns, does not lead to deviations in the biochemical profile, and is safe.
THE INFLUENCE OF PREOPERATIVE INTERVIEW BY AN ANESTHESIOLOGIST WITH A VIDEO PRESENTATION ON THE LEVEL OF PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH EXCESSIVE WEIGHT AND OBESITY
Authors: LISUN Y.B. , HULIAS D.A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The preoperative period is one of the most stressful stages of treatment. Anxiety is the first phase of stress, a universal reaction of the body to an extreme situation. During the anticipation phase of the threat, the human body mobilizes and tries to resist it by activating various compensatory reactions.

Objective. To evaluate the influence of a preoperative interview by an anesthesiologist with a video presentation and without it on the level of anxiety during the preoperative preparation stage in patients with excessive weight and obesity.

Materials and methods. The level of anxiety was assessed at the preoperative preparation stages in patients with surgical profiles, excessive weight, and obesity. The study included 145 patients, divided into two groups: Group 1–71 patients and Group 2–74 patients. A visual analog scale of anxiety (VAS-A) was used to assess the level of anxiety. The patient's level of anxiety was evaluated before the start of the interview with the anesthesiologist, after the preoperative examination, and before the beginning of the surgical intervention. The visual analog scale of anxiety at different stages of the study was provided on other questionnaire sheets to exclude visual comparison of the patient's previous result.

Results. In Group 1, the classic interview significantly reduced patient anxiety (Z=2.62; p=0.008). The level of anxiety before the start of the surgical intervention significantly increased compared to the level of anxiety after the interview (Z=3.28; p=0.001) and compared to the level of anxiety before the start of the interview (Z=2.62; p=0.1), the indicator was higher, without statistically significant difference. In Group 2, the classic interview by the anesthesiologist supplemented with a video presentation significantly reduced anxiety (Z=2.4; p=0.01). The level of anxiety significantly increased before the start of the surgical intervention (Z=2.48; p=0.01), but compared to the anxiety before the beginning of the interview (Z=1.38; p=0.16), this indicator was lower, although without a statistically significant difference. Before the surgical intervention, most patients noted the usefulness of the video presentation, indicating a greater confidence in safety and trust in the surgical team

Conclusion. A comprehensive and informative preoperative interview with an anesthesiologist reduces the patient's anxiety level before the operation.
Milli Bocce Sporcularında Dört Haftalık Solunum Kası Antrenmanının Solunum Kas Kuvveti, Fonksiyonları ve Performansa Etkisi
Authors: BAHCECİOĞLU Hilal , YAPICIOĞLU Bülent
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı dört haftalık solunum kası antrenmanlarının (SKA) erkek bocce volo basamak sporcularında solunum fonksiyonları, solunum kas kuvveti ve basamak oyunundaki atış-isabet oranına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya gönüllü olarak 10 antrenman (yaş: 21,70±3,50; boy: 177±4,40; vücut kütlesi: 73,40±11,98 kg; VKİ: 23,48±4,06; yağ oranı: 14,64±5,19) ve 8 kontrol (yaş: 176,50±8,50; boy: 176,50±8,50; vücut kütlesi: 68,80±7,57 kg VKİ: 22,10±2,26; yağ oranı: 13,73±3,36) olmak üzere toplam 18 erkek milli bocce volo basamak sporcusu katıldı. Katılımcıların Spirometre (Pony FX Cosmed, Italy) cihazı ile solunum fonksiyonları ve solunum kas kuvveti ölçülerek kaydedildi. Optojump cihazı ile anaerobik performans, Yo-Yo IRT1 ile aerobik performansları test edildi. Antrenman grubuna POWERBreathe® (IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, UK) cihazı ile dört hafta boyunca SKA uygulanırken, kontrol grubu rutin basamak antrenmanına devam etti. Uygulama sonrası tüm ölçümler tekrarlandı ve kaydedildi. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; antrenman grubuna uygulanan solunum kası antrenmanı sonrası solunum fonksiyonlarının FEV1/FVC, FEF%25-75 ve MVV değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık görülmedi (p>0,05). Diğer yandan solunum fonksiyonlarının FVC, FEV1 değerlerinde ve solunum kas kuvveti MIP, MEP değerlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık görüldü (p<0,05). Benzer şekilde antrenman grubunda aerobik, anaerobik performans ve basamak oyunu atış-vuruş sayısını da anlamlı ölçüde artırdığı görüldü (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak bocce basamak sporcularında SKA’nın; FVC, FEV1 MIP, MEP değerlerinde, aerobik ve anaerobik performansta aynı zamanda atış vuruş sayısının artışında etkili olduğu gözlemlendi.
Pamuk Üretiminde Çiftçilerin Gübre Seçimi ve Gübreleme Yaklaşımları
Authors: KAPTAN Mustafa Ali , AĞAOĞLU Büşra
Published: December 2023

Yoğun pamuk yetiştiriciliği yapılan iki farklı bölgede ki çiftçilerin pamuk tarımına bakışları ile birlikte pamuk tarımında gübre seçimi ve gübreleme yaklaşımlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılan çalışmada bitki besleme eğilimlerini ve genel bilgilerini içerecek şekilde toplam 28 soru içeren anket kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bölge olarak Söke ve Bismil Ovaları seçilmiş ve her bölgeden 26 ‘şar çiftçi toplamda 52 çiftçiye sorular yöneltilmiştir. Karşılıklı soru-cevap ve bilgi edinme şeklinde bulgular elde edilmiş ve sonuçlar analiz edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, 28 sorunun 15’inde benzerlikler görülmüş kalan 13 soruda ise farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Söke’de gübreleme deneyimleri bakımından Ziraat Mühendislerine güven %38, kendisine güven %31 bulunmuştur. Organik gübre kullanımı, %50, organomineral gübre kullanımı %27, yayıcı-yapıştırıcı kullanımı %69 ve bitki gelişim düzenleyici (BGD) kullanımı %100 olarak saptanmıştır. Destekleme ödemelerinde zorunluluk öncesi ekim nöbeti yapma oranı %46 bulunmuştur. Çiftçilerin toprak analizi yaptırma oranı %96, yaprak analizi yaptırma oranı %38 ve sulama suyu analiz yaptırma oranı ise %42 bulunmuştur. Bismil’de ise gübreleme deneyimleri bakımından Ziraat Mühendislerine güven %67, kendisine güven %20 bulunmuştur. Organik gübre kullanımı %20, organomineral gübre kullanımı yok, yayıcı-yapıştırıcı kullanımı %16 ve bitki gelişim düzenleyici (BGD) kullanımı %76 şeklinde bulunmuştur. Destekleme ödemelerinde zorunluluk öncesi ekim nöbeti yapma oranı %20 bulunmuştur. Çiftçilerin toprak analizi yaptırma oranı %12, yaprak analizi yaptırma oranı %5 ve sulama suyu analiz yaptırma oranı ise %16 bulunmuştur. Bitki besleme ve gübreleme bilincinin çiftçilere kazandırılmasının, toprakların muhafazası ve sürdürülebilirliği açısından çok önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Budgetary and tax policy at the present stage and its role in forming budgets of different levels
Authors: Zotikov N. Z.
Published: December 2023

Budgetary and tax policy is designed to ensure sustainable development of the Russian economy on the basis of modernization, to improve the living standards of the population by reducing social inequality, and to adapt the budget system to modern realities. The sanctions imposed by the European Union and the United States of America against Russia affect not only the production sphere, but also economy as a whole. The decline in oil prices, ruble devaluation, and outﬂow of foreign capital eventually lead to budget deficit. In these conditions, budgetary and tax policy remains one of the most important instruments of the economic policy pursued by the state. Increasing tax system efficiency becomes a priority. The objectives of the study include establishing budgetary and tax system effectiveness in forming budget revenues of different levels, including administrative centers (capitals of republics, regional centers). The article uses analysis and synthesis, generalization, grouping, dynamics, comparison, tabular method, and data of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, and the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation. It has been established that the existing budget and tax policy does not provide regional and local budgets with necessary financial resources as they are dominated by inter-budget transfers that cover only their deficit and do not ensure economic growth. All this predetermines the need to redistribute tax revenues in favor of regional and local budgets that will weaken the share of inter-budget transfers in these budgets.
Providing incentives for the microelectronics industry as a part of achieving technological sovereignty
Authors: Degtyareva V. V.
Published: December 2023

The Government of the Russian Federation is implementing comprehensive measures to counter sanctions, stabilize the economy, restore economic security, and achieve technological sovereignty. Draft laws to close lacunas are being considered, and measures taken to support domestic enterprises in the sphere of economic development priority areas. It is impossible to universally finance a wide range of projects, so the author of the article recognizes expediency of considering prioritization according to certain criteria, such as size of the industry, participation in value chains, efficiency, and operability of the industry at the moment. For the microelectronics industry, it is important to consider state of inter-industry balance indicators to generate orders and maintain economic equilibrium, as its manufactured products are consumed in almost all sectors of the economy due to digitalization penetration at different levels. The purpose of the study is to identify trends in global economy, analyze and predict actions of major players, analyze the Russian microelectronics industry, and rationalize suggestions based on the data collected. The suggestions are to create conditions for innovative development institutions interaction with groups of educational institutions in order to realize joint projects to create innovations. The methodological basis for building the model was provided by modern works in the researched area. The article considers main causes and problems preventing industries from getting out of the critical state within the framework of achieving technological sovereignty, analyzes current state of the microelectronics industry in the current geopolitical situation, and proposes external and internal ways to expand the ‘bottlenecks” in the form of measures to stimulate end-to-end technologies creation.
Elaboration of an Ontology to Address Women’s Presence on Computer Courses in Brazil
Authors: Lazarin de Souza Vanessa , Galarraga Berardi Rita Cristina
Published: December 2023

Women’s presence in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) has been growing in relevance, yet research on the topic is met with a lack of data for the construction of consistent analysis. The Equality for Leadership in Latin American STEM Network (ELLAS) aims to develop a Linked Open Data (LOD) platform to help fill this gap. This work is embedded in ELLAS and contributes to (1) a triplication (RDF) of the data in Inep’s Higher Education Census, (2) the creation of a methodology for elaborating ontologies, to be used within the project, that enables an analysis of the presence and permanence of women in STEM areas and (3) its instantiation in the context of Higher Education in the field of computing in Brazil.
The First Step of the Project for the Interaction of an Open Data Platform with an Intersectional Feminist Lens
Authors: Lima Patrícia Raposo Santana , Salgado Luciana Cardoso de Castro , Bim Sílvia Amélia
Published: December 2023

The Feminist HCI is characterized as the integration of feminist theory into HCI practice, which can occur at all stages of the design process, including user research, prototyping and evaluation. However, there is still a research gap on the integration of feminism with established HCI methods. An HCI methodology that is also concerned with human values and the possible consequences of technological artifacts is Value Sensitive Design (DSV). The present work seeks to answer how to include Feminism HCI in the HCI Project with the VSD. This research took place in the context of ELLAS Project, an Open Data platform that aims to contribute to the reduction of the gender difference in STEM in Brazil, Peru and Bolivia.
Mapping Contextual Aspects that Influences Women in Computing in Latin America
Authors: Drummond Bárbara , Salgado Luciana , Avelino Meirylene , Viterbo Filho José , Ribeiro Karen , Cigüeñas Mercedes , Dávila Guillermo , Branisa Boris
Published: December 2023

In light of the already acknowledged underrepresentation of women in Computing, the ongoing project “Latin American Open Data for Gender Equality Policies Focusing on Leadership in STEM” aims to support the implementation of institutional policies to promote gender equality in STEM. Activity 4 of this project involves mapping 1the factors, actors and policies that influence the career development and leadership of women in STEM, as well as collecting and analyzing this data. To explore these factors, both a systematic mapping study and a grey literature mapping were conducted. The results encompass 8 types of contextual factors and 196 sub-factors. Some competency questions were also raised, providing valuable data for future steps.
Abordagem STEAM na Formação Continuada: ações para promover práticas sobre a igualdade de gênero em STEM
Authors: Maciano Giseli Duardo , Maciel Cristiano
Published: December 2023

Este estudo apresenta discussões sobre a importância de promover ações interventivas no contexto escolar, por meio da formação continuada de professores envolvendo a abordagem STEAM, com vistas a tornar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem mais atrativo e incentivar que mais meninas se interessem por áreas STEM. Para isso, realizou-se uma Qualitative Systematic Review, possibilitando concluir que investir em ações envolvendo a abordagem STEAM configura-se como um potencial para inovar práticas educativas, bem como apoiar a presença de meninas nas áreas STEM.
"Lugar de mulher é na tecnologia": uma análise de perfis brasileiros no Instagram sobre mulheres nas tecnologias
Authors: Gonçalves Marina Borges , Arndt Gilmara Joanol , Miguel Raquel de Barros Pinto , Frigo Luciana Bolan
Published: December 2023

A disparidade entre o número de mulheres e homens atuantes nas áreas de STEM é um assunto difundido entre pesquisadores e pesquisadoras ao redor do mundo, o entanto, dada a sua complexidade, sempre há elementos a serem refletidos e problematizados. Pensando nisso, o presente trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo analisar, a partir de preceitos da análise do discurso de Pêcheux, perfis eiros do Instagram sobre mulheres nas tecnologias, tendo como base para a escolha dos perfis um levantamento feito pela rede ELLAS. Foram encontrados 63 perfis, e dentre eles, foram escolhidos como alvo de análise 18 perfis individuais, nos quais pôde-se verificar o foco em ensinar como se inserir e progredir nessa área.
Sistema de identificación biométrico basado en reconocimiento de voz mediante coeficientes cepstrales para detección de spoofing en llamadas telefónicas
Authors: Guzman Zumaeta Alberto Karel
Published: December 2023

Los delitos informáticos en los sistemas telemáticos de las empresas perjudican a la sociedad porque ocasionan un clima de incertidumbre en los clientes, quienes tienen la percepción de que el sistema informático encargado de gestionar el servicio o producto a consumir no es tan seguro como para confiar su dinero o hacer transacciones de forma remota. Uno de los delitos informáticos más extendidos es el spoofing, el cual consiste en suplantar la identidad de una persona o una entidad. El objetivo es implementar un sistema de reconocimiento de voz, como una aplicación móvil, para que permita identificar casos de suplantación de voz por spoofing mediante llamadas telefónicas. Para este propósito, se utilizaron los coeficientes cepstrales en la escala de Mel (MFCC) como clasificadores para la limpieza de anomalías en los audios, así como redes neuronales de retro propagación para el sistema de identificación de usuarios que trabaja en conjunto dentro de un aplicativo móvil. En las pruebas realizadas, el sistema propuesto tuvo una tasa de éxito del 83,5 %. Para diseñar las 20 entidades necesarias en el trabajo de investigación, se utilizó un conjunto de 2000 audios. Estos audios se dividieron en grupos de 100, donde cada grupo correspondía a un autor diferente. Es decir, se contó con 100 audios de voz provenientes de cada uno de los 20 autores distintos, lo que permitió crear y probar las entidades del sistema de manera representativa y diversa. Se concluye que el sistema es exitoso en el ámbito de seguridad, ya que tiene una tasa de aceptación óptima y un sistema robusto para los diferentes tipos de spoofing que se ha logrado recopilar en este trabajo de investigación.
Ciberseguridad y desarrollo de habilidades digitales: propuesta de alfabetización digital en edades tempranas
Authors: Bustillos Ortega Olda , Rojas Segura Javier , Murillo Gamboa Jorge
Published: December 2023

Los niños son el segmento más vulnerable de esta sociedad ciberfísica, pudiendo ser fácilmente explotados por su bajo nivel de percepción del riesgo cibernético. Iniciar la educación y el desarrollo de habilidades digitales en edades tempranas incentiva a esta población a seguir en el futuro carreras profesionales como ciberseguridad, aportando de manera sostenible a cerrar la brecha de la fuerza laboral en este campo. Mediante un enfoque cualitativo, se realizó una revisión documental, una revisión de la literatura y una consulta a expertos académicos, para proponer un programa de alfabetización digital en edades tempranas. A manera de caso de estudio se presenta el Programa de Alfabetización Digital de la Universidad Internacional de las Américas de Costa Rica y las experiencias con el Taller de Ciberseguridad para Niños, dirigido hacia el desarrollo de habilidades digitales, el bienestar cibernético en edades tempranas y el interés de los niños en seguir nuevas carreras profesionales. Se propone reducir la brecha de la fuerza laboral en puestos sobre ciberseguridad a través de programas de formación en edades tempranas, que concienticen sobre los riesgos en seguridad cibernética, su evolución, su impacto en la sociedad y destaquen su importancia en un mundo cada vez más dominado por la tecnología.
Relación entre el nivel educativo y la enfermedad periodontal
Authors: Barzola Ullaguari María del Cisne , Villavicencio Caparó Ebingen
Published: December 2023

Los determinantes sociales de la salud como es el nivel educativo intervienen en la progresión de la enfermedad periodontal, siendo la determinación social de la salud un punto clave para establecer el índice educativo a través de los dominios general, particular e individual que afectan la calidad de vida de las personas. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre el nivel educativo y la enfermedad periodontal. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica utilizando las bases digitales Scielo, ELSEVIER, Medigraphic, Dialnet, Medisur y Google académico; de estás fuentes conseguimos recopilar un total de 48 artículos. Del total de los artículos: 8 fueron desaprobados, quedando 40 artículos aprobados (2011 al 2023); de los cuales 37 fueron en español y 3 en inglés. Resultados: En varios estudios, se ha demostrado que un bajo nivel educativo genera falta de conocimiento sobre medidas de higiene bucal y dieta equilibrada ocasionando una alta prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal; mientras un nivel educacional alto brinda mejores plazas de empleo, por ende, facilita el acceso a la atención odontológica periódicamente preservando el cuidado de su cavidad bucal. Conclusiones: La determinación social de la salud es un enfoque importante para comprender la relación entre el nivel educativo y la enfermedad periodontal; por lo tanto, es fundamental promover la educación sobre la salud bucal y mejorar el acceso a la atención odontológica para prevenir y tratar las enfermedades bucodentales mejorando la salud oral y general de los individuos.
European regulation of the cryptocurrency market and implementation in Ukraine
Authors: Dotsenko Oleksii , Mykhnia Alona
Published: December 2023

The world economy is at the initial stage of introducing modern digital technologies. Currently, there is also a permanent process of awareness by the world community of the fact that the digital economy, special finance and Internet trade will have a decisive importance on a global scale in the future. Therefore, the article is devoted to the study of the international practice of legal regulation of cryptocurrency circulation with an analysis of the current situation in Ukraine. The relevance of this direction of research is determined not only by the spread of popularity of virtual currencies, but also by the recent adoption of the European MiSA regulation, which was taken as a basis for the specialized Law. It was established that our state has prospects for the development of a competitive market, which in turn has a positive perspective for the development of the economy under martial law.
Artificial intelligence technologies in social insurance
Authors: Zahorska D. , Danylkina O.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in the field of social insurance. The relevance of the topic and the importance of using artificial intelligence technology in this area are established, since it can improve the activities of the insurance sector and solve various problems. The purpose of the work is to study the specifics of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in social insurance and their impact. The paper examines current technologies and areas of artificial intelligence application. The software solutions used by social insurance authorities are thoroughly disclosed. It is determined that artificial intelligence technologies are used in social insurance for data analysis, risk forecasting and decision-making. The functions and capabilities of artificial intelligence in this area are widely disclosed in the article. It is established that these technologies can be used to process large amounts of information, to collect customer data, to predict risks, or as a virtual for risk forecasting or as virtual assistants. The author analyzes the challenges and risks that arise when using technology. It is determined that the main ones are problems with confidentiality and access to technology. Options and methods for solving problems are proposed, such as data regulation, development of ethical standards, increasing transparency, etc. In addition, the advantages of using technology in the field of social insurance are identified. These include increased work efficiency, improved quality of service, and reduced fraud. Conclusions are drawn that show that the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of social insurance has great potential. This contributes to the development of insurance companies and improvement of their work.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS AN OBJECT OF MANAGEMENT: A BENEFIT FOR CIVILISATION OR A THREAT TO MANKIND?
Authors: Chudayeva Iia , Dmitruk Boris
Published: December 2023

The authors of the article analyze the reasons for the rapid development and implementation of artificial intelligence achievements, which opens up great opportunities for solving problems in many industries and is a reliable assistant to people in everyday life. The article analyses different approaches to the definition of "artificial intelligence", possible threats to humanity from its implementation, and focuses on the need to increase the responsibility of developers of programs, algorithms, systems and strengthen control over the work of users of equipment and devices with elements of artificial intelligence. People around the world have long been dependent on technical inventions and devices. The achievements of artificial intelligence provide people with convenience and comfortable conditions. The development of intelligent machines is an important area of scientific and technological progress. Artificial intelligence technologies contribute to solving many problems related to various areas of life, including the economy. Today, artificial intelligence is a global trend in technology development and innovation. Advances in computing power, the ability to collect and process huge amounts of information, and instant access to the latest algorithms are important prerequisites for the evolution of intelligent technologies. The development of sophisticated computers and robots poses risks to the world’s people. Without the use of artificial intelligence, the development of scientific and technological progress is impossible. Key words: artificial intelligence, the achievement of civilization, a threat to humanity, strengthening control over the operation of machines. Therefore, the development of intelligent machines and devices must continue, but with the warnings of global authorities who warn of the existing threat to humanity.
FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE INSURANCE COMPANY AND KEY CONDITIONS FOR ITS PROVIDING
Authors: Boronina Olha
Published: December 2023

In the article, we considered the evaluation of the financial reliability of insurance organiza­tions. The insurer’s financial reliability usually means the insurer’s ability to fulfill insur­ance obli­gations under insurance and reinsurance contracts in the event of adverse factors. We investigated that the financial stability of an insurance organization is a complex indicator that depends on both internal and external factors. We studied the main classifications of factors that affect the level of financial stability of an insurance organization: according to the possibility of management and depending on direct and indirect influence. We have analyzed the main ap­proaches to assessing the financial reliability of an insurance organization. We proposed ap­proaches using single indicators (liquidity indicator, solvency indicators, reinsurance indicators, etc.), systems of relative indicators and integral indicators. We identified the advantages and disad­vantages of such approaches, ana­lyzed the advantages and disadvantages of early warning tests for assessing the financial reliability of an insurance organization, and showed that the advantage of using integral indicators is the ease of application and the possibility of taking into account various factors. However, when using inte­gral indicators, certain difficulties arise, which are associated with the fact that, as a rule, partial indicators that have different dimensions are combined into an integral indicator, therefore, for their combination or convolution, each of the partial indicators should be transformed into a di­mensionless quantity using the appropriate scale. In order to build an integral indicator for as­sessing the financial reliability of an insurance organization, it is recom­mended to use the Harring­ton method and take into account the factors that characterize the ac­tivity of an insurance organi­zation: internal: (level of payments; provision of insurance reserves; reinsurer participation; sol­vency ratio; current liquidity ratio; reinsurance ratio) and external fac­tors that take into account the general economic situation in the country and the efficiency of the functioning of the state’s economy (inflation rate; GDP growth rates).
Resource-saving management paradigm in projects of Rosatom State Corporation machine-building division enterprises
Authors: Golovko M. V. , Potyavin A. M. , Ukhalina I. A. , Antsibor A. V. , Efimenko N. A. , Rogacheva Z. S.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes current problems and successful practices of implementing lean technologies at Russian enterprises. The purpose of the presented research work is to develop relevant mechanisms, search for tools and technologies with the help of which the mentioned problems (general and specific) can be overcome. The novelty of the research lies in the justification of the transition to a new paradigm of resource-saving management and adaptation of project management and business analysis tools to the projects of lean technology implementation. To investigate the trends in the formation of a new management paradigm based on the active involvement of resource-saving tools, such general scientific methods as analysis of scientific and specialized literature, synthesis, logical and analytical methods were used. Materials of internal reporting of the enterprises of the machine-building division of Rosatom State Corporation are used in the work. The main problems of implementing lean technologies at Russian enterprises are formulated and ranked. The list of enterprise management techniques in accordance with the new management paradigm is presented, as well as their capabilities to improve the efficiency of management decisions. The importance of digital technologies for ensuring the effectiveness of resource-saving projects is substantiated. An approximate strategic map for nuclear power engineering enterprises, based on the balanced scorecard methodology, in the implementation of lean decisions is developed. The most effective projects of enterprises of the machine-building division of the State Atomic Energy Corporation ROSATOM were identified, which can become benchmarking objects for scaling experience among enterprises of other divisions of the State Corporation, as well as for enterprises of other industries and spheres of activity. Despite the rather high degree of development of the problem of lean technology implementation, new realities form specific factors that can make the previous scientific and practical results irrelevant. Further research of this topic should be carried out on the basis of analyzing the dynamics of the external environment leading to fluctuations in the industry and regional markets.
Hardiness and Resilience in Women Who have Spontaneous Abortions
Authors: Putri Hana Pratiwi , Huwae Arthur
Published: December 2023

Women who experience spontaneous abortion result in various psychological impacts. To overcome this, they must have a hardiness that can help individuals become strong and resilient in the face of complex events to survive and become resilient. This study aims to examine the relationship between hardiness and resilience in women who experience spontaneous abortion. The research method used is quantitative correlation design. Participants in this study were 117 women who had spontaneous abortions using the accidental sampling technique. The measuring instruments in this study used the Hardiness scales (α = 0.857) and Adult Resilience Scale (α = 0.920). The correlation test results showed a significant positive relationship between hardiness and resilience (r = 0.256 and sig. = 0.003), indicating that hardiness is one of the factors that has a relationship with strength. The higher the hardiness, the higher the resilience in the life of women who have experienced spontaneous abortion. The character of hardiness must continue to be formed by getting used to the dynamics of every challenge that exists to help individuals be resilient to face every difficult period in life.

Keywords: Hardiness, resilience, woman, spontaneous abortion.
Effectiveness of UV-Visible Spectroscopy (with Multi-Mode Plate Reader) and ATR-FTIR for the Discrimination of Black Marker Inks
Authors: Gupta Pawan , Singla Anu , Yadav Baljeet , Khare Vartika
Published: December 2023

In the ambit of Forensic examination of the questioned documents, writing instruments often serve as an essential tool in disclosing the legitimacy of a document. In the present study, a total of 18 marker samples including 9 permanent and 9 whiteboard (commonly known as dry erase) markers of black color of different brands were purchased from the local market of district Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India. UV-Visible spectroscopy with Multi-Mode Plate Reader and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were used for the discrimination of samples. In the case of permanent marker inks, peaks near 390-405 nm and at 570-585 nm were found to be more prominent and differentiating than that of the whiteboard marker inks. Qualitative comparative analysis of the permanent and the whiteboard black marker ink samples showed 97.2% and 91.6% DP respectively based on their UV-Vis. spectral responses. FTIR spectroscopy of whiteboard markers confirmed the presence of characteristic peak at 1743 cm-1 (C=O stretch) together with a doublet in the region 2920-2850 cm-1 corresponding to asymmetric and symmetric C-H stretch in almost all the whiteboard marker inks, whereas in case of permanent marker inks the former peak 1743 cm-1 was completely absent and the later appeared as a single peak around 2900 cm-1. The results obtained from ATR-FTIR was analyzed using multivariate techniques such as PCA and DFA. PCA was used for the segregation of samples into different groups, whereas DFA was used for the discrimination and classification of marker ink samples. DFA provided a correct classification of 88.9% of the marker ink samples analyzed by FTIR. It is concluded that Multi Mode Plate Reader can be used as a substantial tool for the discrimination of marker inks and was found to be fast and cost effective with high throughput. Moreover, ATR-FTIR results gave some additional information related to the chemical composition of the samples and provided better discrimination when coupled with chemometrics.
A Study Among General Dental Practitioners, Orthodontists and Forensic Odontologists Regarding Forensic Identification in Orthodontic Context
Authors: Ghone Urmi , Sarode Gargi , Gawali Rohan Gawali , Mehta Vini , Deshmukh Sonali , Sarode Sachin Sarode
Published: December 2023

The process of dental identification involves comparing the dentition of the deceased with the latest dental records of presumed dead. It may become challenging to identify an individual whose orthodontic treatment records are untraceable for any reason. In such instances the dentition of the dead who underwent orthodontic treatment may need to be compared with the records before orthodontic treatment. The goal of this study was to determine the accuracy of matching pre and post-orthodontic treatment casts among general dental practitioners (GDPs), orthodontists, and forensic odontologists.
Pre and post-orthodontic treatment dental casts from ten patients were used in this study. Pre-orthodontic maxillary and mandibular dental casts were separated from post-orthodontic maxillary and mandibular dental casts. A total of fifteen assessors comprising five orthodontists, five forensic odontologists and five GDPs compared and matched the pre and post-orthodontic dental cast pairs.
Results revealed higher correct matches among forensic odontologists (94%) as compared to orthodontists (88%) followed by GDPs (80%). Among the parameters, ‘specific features in the dentition’ were most successful at correct identification.
Orthodontic therapy causes morphometric changes in the dentition, which can make comparative identification difficult. Unique features in the dentition present before orthodontic treatment and persistent even after orthodontic treatment such as peculiar attrition facets, etc. can prove highly accurate in the identification.
Handling E-evidence in Egyptian and Comparative Legislation: A Comparative Analytical Study
Authors: El-Kady Ramy Metwally
Published: December 2023

This article aims to introduce e-evidence, describe its characteristics, examine its legal authenticity in Egyptian law, shed light on the requirements for the collection of e-evidence and its admissibility before the criminal judiciary, and highlight how e-evidence is criminally protected in Egyptian law along with the procedures for gathering and documenting it.
The pervasive usage of technology in all spheres of life may be traced back to the significance of the research topic. We have come to the logical conclusion that it is improbable that a traditional or new crime would occur without leaving behind E-evidence that may be used to identify the offender thanks to the proliferation of electrical and technological equipment and the Internet.
The research concluded that the effect of the changing nature of intangible forensic evidence on its reliability before the criminal courts, in a way that requires a precise legal regulation of this issue. The legislator defines a set of conditions for the procedures for collecting and documenting E-evidence to achieve the idea of its reliability and then produces its impact on the formation of the criminal judge's doctrine.
It is recommended strengthening cooperation with international organizations to exchange information related to E-evidence.
الخوف من الجريمة الإلكترونية المستهدفة للأفراد وعلاقته بالقلق الاجتماعي لدى عينة من الشباب
Authors: Moussa Mahmoud Ali , Abu Akar Mohamed Naief
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسةُ إلى التحققِ من الخوفِ من الجريمةِ الإلكترونية وعلاقته بمستويات القلق الاجتماعي لدى عينةٍ من شباب المجتمع العربي. وقد اختيرت عينةٌ بطريقة كرة الثلج، بلغ عددها 600 طالبٍ وطالبةٍ من طلاب الجامعات. وتم الحصول على العينة من خلال مجموعات التواصل الاجتماعي عن طريق الفيس بوك. وكانت العينة المسحوبة للدراسة من البيئة المصرية والقطرية والأردنية. واستخدمت الدراسة مقياس الخوف من الجريمة الإلكترونية، ومقياس القلق الاجتماعي، وتم تقدير مؤشرات الصدق والثبات للعينة. وقد ثبت من النتائج وجود علاقات ارتباطية موجبة متوسطة من (0.227 إلى 0.374) بين أبعاد الجريمة الإلكترونية والدرجة الكلية على المقياس مع القلق الاجتماعي كدرجة كلية، وقد أثبتت الدراسة تحيز النتائج، وبررته الدراسةُ بأنه نوعٌ من الاستحسان الاجتماعي، أو الرغبة في تحسين صورة الذات، وبخاصة للأفراد ممن تعرضوا لدرجة من الجرائم الإلكترونية الموجهة نحو الأفراد، أو الشعور بالخزي والوصم في الإبلاغ عن تعرضهم للجرائم الإلكترونية. وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة رفع الوعي السيبراني لدى الشباب لخفض سلوكيات القلق الاجتماعي، وتنمية إدراك الشباب للخطر الوارد من الترويج، أو التداول، أو الإنتاج، أو أي فعل يوقع الشباب كضحية لارتكاب جريمة إلكترونية.
Tri-Allelic Autosomal STR Patterns Observed in Pakistani Population during Forensic Case Work
Authors: Saeed Asad , Ahmad Sajjad , Ahmad Qazi Laeeq , Amjad Muhammad , Tahir Mohammad Ashraf
Published: December 2023

The tri-allelic pattern is a genotyping abnormality that can be observed during routine short tandem repeat (STR) profiling in the field of forensic science. Fourteen tri-allelic patterns have been observed in nine different loci during routine forensic casework consisting of 20,000 STR profiles. All these 20,000 STR unrelated profiles were profiled using AmpFlSTR Identifiler Plus® and Global Filer® kits. Tri-allelic patterns can be divided into two types based on RFUs (relative fluorescent units) in peaks of three component alleles. Unequal RFUs of all three peaks are observed in the Type-I pattern, whereas in the Type-II pattern, RFUs of all three peaks are nearly equal. A total of nine novel tri-allelic genotypes were observed out of 20,000 unrelated individuals in the Pakistani population. All of these forensic cases belonged to the Type-I pattern which means that the sum of the height of two smaller peaks is nearly equal to the height of the third larger peak. The frequency of occurrence for all these patterns was compared with already reported data. In this study, eight novel tri-allelic patterns have been reported which are not listed in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database as well as in any published article.
Je argument od príčiny k účinku naozaj revidovateľný?
Authors: Kollárik Tomáš
Published: December 2023

Podľa neformálnej logiky sú možnosti deduktívnej logiky ako nástroja analýzy a hodnotenia bežných argumentov veľmi obmedzené. Aj keď s týmto tvrdením vo všeobecnosti súhlasím, spochybňujem ho v prípade kauzálneho argumentu od príčiny k účinku. V práci najprv na dôkladne vybraných príkladoch ukazujem, že obyčajne inak reagujeme na falzifikáciu záveru argumentu od príčiny k účinku ako na falzifikáciu záveru v prípade iných revidovateľných argumentov. Potom identifikujem všeobecné podmienky a predpoklady, kedy môže byť argument od príčiny k účinku rekonštruovaný ako deduktívny argument. Nakoniec tento argument porovnám s argumentom expertom, ktorý je typickým príkladom argumentov revidovateľných v užšom zmysle.
Obava ze ztráty vlastního aktérství a absence morálního aktéra u autonomních dopravních prostředků
Authors: Kopecký Robin , Jirout Košová Michaela
Published: December 2023

Diskuse o filosofických problémech spojených s nástupem autonomní dopravy je často spojena s negativy a je vedena v duchu techno-pesimismu. Významný prostor v této debatě je věnován aplikaci vozíkového dilematu („trolley problem“) do řídících algoritmů vozů. V této eseji se však zamýšlíme nad dalším problémem našich morálních intuic – otázkou morálního aktérství. Pocit morální odpovědnosti si žádá faktickou kontrolu nad situací a kauzální odpovědnost. O tu bývalý řidič jako pasažér autonomního vozu přichází, ale přesto může cítit vinu. Prioritně bychom se měli soustřeďovat na morální psychologii uživatele, spíše než na hledání optima kolizí pro algoritmy. V eseji poukazujeme na historické paralely absence aktéra v automatických systémech i na to, že lidé snáze přijímají autonomní nákladní dopravu než dopravu osob. Dále nastiňujeme možné způsoby řešení přesunu odpovědnosti, a to nejprve prostřednictvím analogie s řidičem přicházejícím o aktérství nástupem do vozu hromadné dopravy. Možný operátor autonomních vozů, který na provoz dohlíží místo skutečného řidiče, může představovat dočasné opatření. Skutečnou alternativou morální odpovědnosti by se ale mohl stát fiktivní morální aktér dosazený provozovatelem vozů. Oproštění se od vlastnictví autonomního vozu osvobozuje lidi od konečného vnímání morální odpovědnosti, takže krátkodobé výpůjčky, sdílení nebo hromadná doprava by mohly být další vhodnou odpovědí na tento psychologický fenomén.
Klíčová slova: aktérství, autonomní vozidla, morální odpovědnost, morální intuice