bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novas abordagens terapêuticas na síndrome de Cushing
Authors: Fonseca Mariana Bastos Teixeira , Takahashi Livia Harumi , Moore Karollyna Maria Henry , Borin Camila Catâneo Cardoso , Silva Ana Carolina Rioga da , Duarte Sofia Izabel dos Anjos , Pessoa Andressa Karoline Oliveira , Silva Mayra Borges da , Cotta Maria Julia Santana Santos , Sacramento Neidejany de Assunção do
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia e a segurança das novas abordagens terapêuticas no tratamento da síndrome de Cushing. Métodos: Através da plataforma de dados PubMed, foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa a fim de encontrar fontes relevantes para este intuito. A pesquisa foi realizada através da estratégia de pesquisa: ("Cushing Syndrome"[MeSH]) AND ((Treatment) OR (Chronotherapy) OR (Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors) OR (Antiglucocorticoid)). Foram 600 artigos inicialmente e através da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 17 artigos foram selecionados para análise neste estudo. Resultados: Estudos apontam que Osilodrostat é seguro e efetivo controlando o hipercortisolismo, porém têm variados efeitos adversos. Cetoconazol é eficaz e seguro para doença ativa após cirurgia transesfenoidal. Pasireotide apresenta melhoria da qualidade de vida, sinais clínicos e possui diversos efeitos colaterais. O ácido 9-cis retinoico pode ser benéfico com efeito adrenal adicional e o S-707106 melhora sensibilidade à insulina e reduz obesidade. Levocetoconazol mostrou efetividade no quadro clínico, tolerabilidade e segurança. Relacorilant apresentou benefícios clínicos e Metirapona mostrou boa resolubilidade e segurança. Nas recidivas, alguns pontos devem ser considerados quando utilizarem radioterapia externa como terapia auxiliar. Considerações finais: As novas abordagens terapêuticas estudadas podem ser consideradas seguras e eficazes para a síndrome de Cushing.
Ocorrência e impacto da apatia em pacientes com doença de Huntington
Authors: Teixeira Rebeca de Carvalho , Nascimento Isadora Pereira do , Miranda Julia Carolina Rodrigues , Castro Hellen Nycolle Oliveira Silva de , Gonçalves Gabriela Costa , Reis Maria Angélica Otero de Melo dos , Viana Thais Nunes Ximenes , Sousa Ana Luiza Evencio Luz , Santana Alicia Costa , Silveira Myrna Maria Costa de Melo
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e o impacto da apatia em pacientes com doença de Huntington, considerando a gravidade dos sintomas, os fatores associados e as implicações para a qualidade de vida e o funcionamento diário. Métodos: Revisão integrativa na base de dados PubMed através da estratégia de pesquisa (Apathy) AND ("Huntington Disease"[MeSH]), abrangendo o período de 2018 a 2023. Foram encontrados 65 artigos, dos quais, 14 foram considerados relevantes. Resultados: A doença de Huntington (DH) manifesta-se através de déficits motores, cognitivos e sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, sendo a apatia, o sintoma mais prevalente e um dos últimos a emergir. Por ser um dos últimos sintomas a aparecer, a apatia pode ser relacionada com a evolução e estadiamento da doença. Considerações Finais: Evidencia-se a escassez de estudos que validem tratamentos específicos eficazes para a Doença de Huntigton. No entanto, dada a importância da funcionalidade na qualidade de vida e na inserção social de tais pacientes, bem como na alteração da trajetória da doença, o tratamento e manejo adequados podem melhorar o prognóstico do paciente.
The Impact of Social Determinants of Health Beyond Race on Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Freedland Stephen , Samjoo Imtiaz , Rosta Emily , Lansing Austin , Hall Alexandra , Rai Manvir , Niyazov Alexander , Nazari Jonathan , Arondekar Bhakti
Published: December 2023

A systematic literature review by Stephen J. Freedland, MD, and colleagues summarizes the current evidence relating to social determinants of health beyond race and survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
Frequency ratio analysis to determine the landslide susceptibility in East Sikkim district of Indian Himalayan region
Authors: Chaudhary Abha , Biswakarma Prakash , Joshi Varun , Pandey Asha , Singh Ruchi
Published: December 2023

Landslides are a significant natural disaster causing damage to many mountainous regions worldwide including the Indian Himalayan region. In the East Sikkim district of the Eastern Himalayas, the most used bivariate frequency ratio (FR) model was utilized with high-resolution satellite imagery to understand the susceptibility of the region to landslides. Conditioning factors such as slope aspect, slope angle, slope curvature, drainage density, land use and land cover (LULC), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), lithology, and geomorphology were considered in the analysis. LULC is the most crucial factor contributing to landslide susceptibility with a normalized FR value of 14.1. Slope and geomorphology followed closely with values of 12.5 and 11.8 respectively. In contrast, the least important factors were slope aspect and lithology with values of 8.7 and 9.3 respectively. These results can be used to prioritize landslide conditioning factors (LCF) and generate a final landslide susceptibility map (LSM). By adding the values of all LCFs, a landslide susceptibility index was obtained, and the LSM was zoned into high, medium, and low susceptibility classes covering 23.4%, 44.4%, and 32.2% of the study area respectively. The validity of the method used was confirmed using a receiver operating characteristic curve which yielded an accuracy of 78%. The findings highlight the importance of LULC, slope, and geomorphology as critical factors in landslide susceptibility in the East Sikkim district of the Eastern Himalayas.
Changing Colours of Autumn
Authors: Housecroft Catherine E.
Published: December 2023

Changes in the dominant pigments in leaves of deciduous trees lead to beautiful autumnal hues. However, physiological and ecological reasons for the colours are still open for debate.
Phlogopite phenocrystals with inclusions of chrome spinelides from non-diamond-bearing kimberlites: the case of An-195 body of the West Ukukit field
Authors: Babushkina S. A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a microprobe study of the composition of phlogopite macrocrystals with inclusions of chrome spinelides from An-195 kimberlite body of the West Ukukit field; Yakut kimberlite province. The purpose of this study was to establish the genesis of such phlogopites: whether they are representatives of deep mantle matter or their formation is directly related to the formation of kimberlites composing An-195. It was found that the inclusions of chrome spinelides are confined only to chromic non–zonal phlogopites or to chromic sites of zonal macrocrystals (Cr2O3 0.75–1.55 wt.%; TiO2 2.67-3.84 wt.%; Mg# 83-88). Based on a comparative analysis of the studied phlogopites and chromespinelides with the composition of analogues from the parageneses of these minerals in various mantle xenoliths of ultrabasic rocks; eclogites and rocks of the MARID series; it was concluded that these phlogopites most likely represent a phenocrystal association of kimberlite minerals. They clearly differ from phlogopites of the MARID series rocks with equal Mg# and TiO2 in higher Al2O3 contents; from phlogopites of ultrabasic mantle rocks xenoliths – generally with lower magnesia content. Phlogopites from eclogites have a generally higher Cr2O3 content. Inclusions of high–chromium spinelides in phlogopite (Cr2O3 44-50 wt.%; TiO2 3-5.5 wt.%; Fe3+ < 0.35 f.e.) correspond in composition to spinelides from cataclysmic dunites and are products of their recrystallization under the influence of high-temperature mantle fluid. Inclusions of less chromic spinelides (Cr2O3 30-44 wt.%; TiO2 4-7.5 wt.%; Fe3+ > 0.35 fe) probably crystallized simultaneously with phlogopite macrocrystals and were captured by them during long-term co-growth.
Yakutia as a model of global warming of the Earth’s climate: the case of atmospheric circulation
Authors: Pomortsev O. A.
Published: December 2023

Investigations over the last decades have shown that Yakutia is not only a highly representative area for the study of global climate patterns, it is a model of the Earth due to the extensive influence of the Siberian anticyclone. Covering a grid of coordinates from the Arctic and Pacific Oceans almost to the Atlantic and Tibet, Yakutia dictates the patterns of climate change for the entire Northern Hemisphere. That can be clearly seen on example of modern climate change. The rate of warming here outpaces the rate of the Earth warming in 3-5 average annual degrees, thus showing not only the current warming trend, but also predicting it for the entire Earth with further temperature rise in future. Our paper shows the course of climate change over the last three centuries.  It relies on the global patterns of atmospheric circulation on the wave of the hundred-year rhythm. Their essence is that the middle of centuries always brings cooling associated with latitudinal circulation of the atmosphere, and the turn of the century – the warming, in which latitudinal circulation is replaced by meridian circulation. It was happening in the last three centuries, confirmed by instrumental observations, and so it was in the time of Columbus and Vikings. Both came to America at the turn of the century 500 and 1000 years ago, when the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic were ice-free.
Estimation of the accuracy of GHCN-CAMS reanalysis in calculations of the intra-annual distribution of air temperature in the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Authors: Tananaev N. I. , Timofeyev M. A.
Published: December 2023

The accuracy of GHCN-CAMS reanalysis reproduction of the intra-annual air temperature distribution was assessed for the historical (1961-1990) and current (1991-2020) climatic periods, on the scale of climatic norms of seasons and individual months. Data on 86 meteorological stations on the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), for which climatic series in both time periods were available, were used. The climatic norms of meteorological stations for both periods, as well as their change between periods, were compared with the GHCN-CAMS reanalysis data in corresponding pixels. The root mean square error, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Lin's concordance coefficient were calculated as similarity metrics. Climatic norms for meteorological stations and calculated in the GHCN-CAMS reanalysis model are closely related linearly, with a correlation coefficient above 0.9, and the highest accuracy is observed for spring months. At the same time, the quality of reanalysis reconstruction of change in climatic norms for months and seasons between periods is significantly lower; the best reanalysis accuracy is for fall and winter, and significantly lower for summer. In general, the GHCN-CAMS model can be used for calculation and forecasting applications that require intra-annual air temperature distribution.
Negotiating Boundaries Between "Religious" and "Secular": A Struggle for the Sense of Collectivity Among Ambedkarite Buddhists in Maharashtra
Authors: Menšíková Tereza
Published: December 2023

Since the first mass conversion of Dalits to Buddhism in 1956, followers of B. R. Ambedkar's vision have propagated Buddhism throughout India, creating various activist networks across, but not limited to, Maharashtra. Despite their aspirations for socio-political change and emancipation for marginalized communities experiencing caste discrimination, Ambedkarite Buddhists have faced challenges in mobilization and organization since the demise of Ambedkar. This article addresses the struggle of building a sense of collectivity within the Ambedkarite Buddhist population, offering insights from the perspective of young Ambedkarite Buddhists in Mumbai. The ethnographic study primarily focuses on interpreting the Ambedkarite Buddhist tradition and its position within the broader Buddhist framework and delves into the divergence in efforts to emplace Buddhism on the "religious-secular" spectrum among practitioners. The article aims to provide an interpretation of the challenges faced by the Ambedkarite Buddhists in pursuing a unified front for effecting social change in contemporary India.
Fixation of Mandibular Fractures with Lag Screw: Integrative Review
Authors: Vitro Mariana Martins de , Guimarães Juli Emily Costa , Machado Gustavo Grothe , Rocha Glauber Bareia Liberato da
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The mandible is the only movable bone of the face and plays a crucial role in masticatory, swallowing, phonation, and aesthetic functions. Mandibular fractures have the potential to cause numerous important changes. Angle, parasymphysis, body and condyle are the anatomical regions most affected by trauma. Rigid Internal Fixation (RIF) facilitated the process of treatment and recovery of mandibular functions. The Lag Screw fixation technique is based on the use of screws that manage to compress the bone fragments without the use of plates.Objective: This integrative review aims to review the fixation of mandibular fractures using the Lag Screw technique.Methods: Through a complete search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases, nine articles that contemplated the method of fixation of mandibular fractures using the Lag Screw technique were included.Results: The studies showed that the technique was associated with a lower number of intra and postoperative complications, provided safe RIF, greater compression between the stumps, facilitating primary bone healing, and presented a shorter surgical time, economic advantage. On the other hand, the technique proved to be sensitive and limited only to specific cases.Conclusion: The application of the Lag Screw fixation technique is an effective and stable RIF method that can be performed in the treatment of mandibular fractures.
Ru(II)-Catalyzed C(sp2)–H Activation Annulation: Synthesis of Fluorescent Benzoisoquinolonyl Acetate/Peptides from N-Arylamides and Ethyne at Room Temperature
Authors: Sharma Nagendra , Gupta Manish K , Panda Ankita
Published: December 2023

Benzoisoquinolones are aryl ring extended isoquinolinone derivatives, constituents of alkaloid natural products. This report describes the synthesis of benzoisoquinolones amino acids/peptides derivatives from respective N-aryl amino esters /peptides through Ru-catalyzed C(sp2)–H annulation at room temperature. Herein, the amino acid ester/amide residue acts as a directing group for annulation at the aryl ring, and then cyclization occurs at the amide NH. Importantly, these benzoisoquinolinones exhibit fluorescence in protic polar solvents. Hence, this methodology could be helpful to transform standard amino ac-ids/peptides into respective fluobenzoisoquinolinones conjugated fluorescent peptide derivatives at room temperature, which could be applicable for leveling amino acid/peptides effectively.
Pure Water Splitting Driven by Overlapping Electric Double Layers
Authors: Xu Haosen , Zhang Jianbo , Eikerling Michael , Huang Jun
Published: December 2023

In pursuit of a sustainable future powered by renewable energy, hydrogen production through water splitting should achieve high energy efficiency with economical materials. Here, we present a nanofluidic electrolyzer that leverages overlapping cathode and anode electric double layers (EDLs) to drive the splitting of pure water. The strong electric field within the overlapping EDLs enhances ion migration and facilitates the dissociation of water molecules. Acidic and basic environments, that are created in situ at cathode and anode, respectively, enable the use of non-precious metal catalysts. All these merits allow the reactor to exhibit a current density of 2.8 A·cm-2 at 1.7 V with a nickel anode. This paves the way towards a new type of water electrolyzers without membranes, supporting electrolytes, or precious metal catalysts.
Foaming Prediction in Pure Liquids from Dimensionless Numbers Inspired by the Theory of Fluid Behavior for Drops
Authors: Tiwari Surya , Thompson Robert , Shi Wei , Siefert Nicholas , Hopkinson David , Steckel Janice
Published: December 2023

Foaming prediction is essential for the rational selection of materials and design processes in diverse industries ranging from bioprocesses to gas processing facilities. Existing foaming prediction models lack the generality needed for a wide range of materials and overlook the foaming in pure liquids. This work introduced a novel approach to predict foaming in pure liquids based on their density, surface tension, and viscosity, calculated through Reynolds (Re) and Ohnesorge (Oh) numbers. A foaming prediction map, representing a plot between these numbers, was constructed by leveraging the theory governing the behavior of fluid drops. This map delineated distinct non-foaming regions alongside a foaming region, serving as a binary classifier for foaming predictions. The map was fitted and validated with shake test experiments on 47 liquids, demonstrating effective predictions, except for a specific region characterized by small Oh and large Re numbers. This region corresponded to relatively low foam stability and high turbulence, making predictions challenging for liquids in this category.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PET-HDPEb-rk Hybrid Composites from Kenaf and Rice husk Fibre; Reinforced with PETand HDPEb Blend.
Authors: Duniya Emmanuel Kambai , Inuwa Ibrahim Mohammed , Mustafa Hauwa M
Published: December 2023

Plastics have become indispensable in the automotive industry, and the pursuit of innovative materials is crucial for advancing automobile design. Hybrid composites, characterized by a synergistic combination of mechanical properties and environmental considerations, offer a promising avenue for surpassing the performance of natural single-fibre-reinforced composites. This study focuses on the development of PET-HDPEb-rk hybrid composites through a compression moulding process, utilizing a resin blend comprising Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), High-Density Polyethylene Blow (HDPEb), and a blend of rice husk and kenaf fibre (rk) in a 70:30 % ratio. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis elucidates the improved dispersion and interfacial adhesion between the rice husk-kenaf fiber (rk) particles and the polymer matrix. Notably, the composite with a 30 % HDPEb blend exhibits commendable mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 350.19 MPa, elongation at break of 9.92 %, impact strength of 0.228 J/m2, average hardness of 64.8 Hv, flexural strength of 70.43 MPa, flexural modulus of 2838.86 MPa, and an initial decomposition temperature of 693.50 oC, with a final maximum rate of decomposition reaching 800 oC. However, a critical concentration is identified with the 30 % PET/HDPEb blend, showcasing superior properties across various analyses. This concentration demonstrates enhanced mechanical properties attributed to a more uniform dispersion and improved interfacial adhesion, providing valuable insights for optimizing filler dispersion and interaction with the matrix. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of PET-HDPEb-rk hybrid composites, emphasizing the significance of tailored material design for achieving improved mechanical and thermal performance. The results of this work extend to diverse applications, particularly in the automotive industry, where enhanced materials are sought for applications such as replacement parts and car bumpers. The presented insights guide future endeavours in designing hybrid composites with superior mechanical and thermal characteristics, paving the way for sustainable and high-performance materials in automotive engineering.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrrolidines by Imidodiphosphorimidate (IDPi)-catalysed anti-hydroamination of alkenes
Authors: Hennecke Ulrich , Guria Sudip , Volkov Alexander N. , Khudaverdyan Raffi , Van Lommel Ruben , Daniliuc Constantin G. , De Proft Frank
Published: December 2023

Chiral pyrrolidines are common structural motives in natural products as well as active pharmaceutical ingredients explaining the need for methods for their enantioselective synthesis. While several, often metal-catalyzed, methods do exist, the enantioselective synthesis of pyrrolidines containing quarternary stereocentres remains challenging. Herein, we report a Brønsted acid-catalysed intramolecular hydroamination, which provides such pyrrolidines from simple starting materials in high yield and enantioselectivity. Key to an efficient reaction was the use of an electron-deficient protective group on nitrogen, the common nosyl protecting group, to avoid deactivation of the Brønsted acid by deprotonation. The reaction proceeds as a stereospecific anti-addition suggesting a concerted reaction. Furthermore, kinetic studies show Michaelis-Menten behaviour suggesting the formation of a precomplex similar to those observed in enzymatic catalysis.
Organosilicon Biotechnology II: Biocatalysis at Silicon
Authors: Frampton Mark B.
Published: December 2023

The application of biochemical methods in organosilicon chemistry has the potential to provide access to otherwise unattainable chemical structures. The development of biochemical methods in silicon chemistry has been under exploration for approximately 40 years, and recently, methods have been developed for catalyzing transformations at silicon in which proteins have been shown to catalyze new-to-nature transformations. These new methods complement previous work in which enzymes performed more traditional transformations in which silicon generally played the role of spectator. This overview will cover recent developments in the field of organosilicon biotechnology focusing on the use of peptides and proteins to mediate transformations at silicon.
Structured e-invoices as a manifestation of the digitization of the tax on goods and services in Poland – selected aspects
Authors: Kowal-Pawul Anna
Published: December 2023

Background: The subject of the research is structured e-invoices and their importance in the Polish tax system. Initially, the legislator said their use by Polish business owners was voluntary. However, from July 1, 2024, it will be obligatory, so paper invoices will be replaced with electronic and structured equivalents.

Research purpose: The paper will show how structured e-invoices differ from unstructured ones. It will also show the importance they have in the Polish tax system and why they can be considered for the digitization of the tax on goods and services. In addition, based on survey data, the paper indicates whether Polish business owners want to use structured e-invoices voluntarily. The benefits of using structured e-invoices indicated in the survey questionnaire are also presented. The research assesses the extent of VAT digitization in Poland compared to other EU countries and identifies the factors that influence this.

Methods: The work is mainly based on the analysis of industry reports (national, foreign and EU). Polish and EU legal and tax regulations were also analyzed. At the stage of empirical research, the analysis of the results of our own surveys (primary data) was used. The survey data was supplemented with secondary data included in industry reports and Eurostat data. The analyzed variables are qualitative, which determined the statistical tool used, i.e., a fraction as the basic description parameter.

Conclusions: At the moment, the benefits are noticed mainly by the Polish legislator, while most Polish business owners do not want to use this option voluntarily. The pace and numer of changes regarding digitization make the Polish legislator a leader in the European Union, although Polish business owners still have a lot to catch up on in this area, especially regarding structured e-invoices
ТРИРІВНЕВА ІЄРАРХІЧНА МОДЕЛЬ АДИТИВНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЕЛЕКТРОДУГОВОГО ЗВАРЮВАННЯ
Authors: Анікін П. С. , Шило Г. М. , Бастос Ф.
Published: December 2023

У наведеній статті висвітлено інноваційний підхід до проблеми адитивного виробництва, оснований на розробці та використанні трирівневої ієрархічної моделі, яка використовує технологію електродугового зварювання. Основною метою дослідження є створення оптимального процесу адитивного виробництва, при якому досягаються високі показники якості та технологічності виготовлених деталей. Проведено симуляцію процесу адитивного виробництва з вимогами до технологічності та якості отриманої деталі у вигляді її геометричних розмірів, залишкових напружень та збереження оптимальної швидкості виробництва. На основі вимог аналізу технологічності розроблено алгоритм процесу симуляції. Створено та проведено аналіз тривимірної ієрархічної системи автоматизованого керування робототехнічною платформою адитивного виробництва у якій застосовується зворотній зв’язок з використанням телекомунікаційних пристроїв у вигляді камери та лазерних датчиків для контролю за температурним розповсюдженням під час процесу виробництва. Розглянуто окремо рівні ієрархічної моделі: створення валику, створення шару та створення стінки у процесі 3D-друку деталі. Визначено вхідні дані матеріалу для роботи з системою автоматизованого керування робототехнічною платформою з використанням технології електродугового зварювання та процесу симуляції цього виробництва. Отримано дані для можливості генерації автоматизованої програми для керування роботом під час процесу адитивного виробництва. Також було проведено аналіз можливостей симуляції тривимірного друку з використанням технології електродугового зварювання в системах CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering). Це дозволило визначити вплив температурних параметрів, механічних навантажень та зміни траєкторії руху під час створення деталі. На підставі отриманих даних встановлено значення залишкових напружень та виявлені дефекти, що допомагає покращити якість та надійність вироблених деталей в адитивному виробництві. Отримані результати досліджень надають актуальну та корисну інформацію для інженерної спільноти, що працює в галузі адитивного виробництва та робототехніки.
ALGORITHMS FOR CONVERTING VOXEL 3D MODELS INTO POLYGONAL ONES
Authors: Дуванов С. С. , Баранова І. В.
Published: December 2023

This document explores the using of voxels today in such areas as medicine, 3D scanning, game industry and why do we need to convert them to polygonal mesh. It also describes and analyses the currently existing algorithms for converting voxel 3D models into polygonal ones. Aim of converting algorithms is extracting the surface information from the voxel grid and generate a polygonal mesh composed of triangles that approximate the original shape. The research identified about 10 existing algorithms: Marching Cubes, Dual Contouring, Surface Nets, Voxel Carving, Sparse Voxel Octree, Surface Extraction from Volume Data (SEV), Cubical Marching Squares, Adaptive Grid Subdivision, Occupancy Networks, Deep Implicit Fields. Their features, pros and cons were described. It was chosen among the converting algorithms, taking into account the simplicity, efficiency and availability of implementation, one algorithm, which can become the basis of the program for converting voxel 3d models into polygonal mesh. The choice of algorithm depends on various factors, including the desired surface quality, computational efficiency, handling of sharp features, and implementation complexity, but there were several main criteria selected. The chosen algorithm is Marching Cubes, because it is widely used, has available implementations, has good performance. Future research will focus on creating a converter program since there are currently no freely available converters that would produce a high-quality editable polygonal mesh. All existing voxel editors and online converters export the voxel 3d model into polygonal mesh without any approximation, so the export result is a cube set, poorly united into one surface with surface breaks. Export polygonal mesh models also have a problem with a large number of triangles, which makes the model hard to edit. To create a converter that solves those problems, first, we must choose an algorithm that will become the basis of the future converter. Target algorithm will be customized in future to improve the quality of output polygonal mesh comparing to the existing convertors.
INCORPORATING ATTENTION SCORE TO IMPROVE FORESIGHT PRUNING ON TRANSFORMER MODELS
Authors: Мельниченко А. В. , Здор К. А.
Published: December 2023

With rapid development of technologies and growing number of application of neural networks, the problem of optimization arises. Among other methods to optimize training and inference time, neural network pruning has attracted attention in recent years. The main goal of pruning is to reduce the computational complexity of neural network models while retaining performance metrics on desired level. Among the various approaches to pruning, Single-shot Network Pruning (SNIP) methods was designed as a straightforward and effective approach to optimize number of parameters before training. However, as neural network architectures have evolved, particularly with the growing popularity of transformers, a need to reevaluate traditional pruning methods arises. This paper aims to revisit SNIP pruning method, evaluate its performance on transformer model, and introduce an enhanced version of SNIP, specifically designed for transformer architectures. The paper outlines the mathematical framework of SNIP algorithm, and proposes a modification, based on specifics of transformers models. Transformer models achieved impressive results because of their attention mechanisms for a multitude of tasks such as language modeling, translation, computer vision tasks and many others. The proposed modification takes into account this unique feature and combines this information with traditional loss gradients. Traditional method calculates importance score for weights of the network using only gradients from loss function, in the case of enhanced algorithm. In the enhanced version, the importance score is a composite metric that incorporates not only the gradient from the loss function but also from the attention activations. To evaluate the efficiency of proposed modifications, a series of experiments were conducted on image classification task, using Linformer variation of transformer architectures. The results of experiments demonstrate the efficiency of incorporating attention scores in pruning. Conducted experiments show that model pruned by modified algorithm outperforms model pruned by original SNIP by 34% in validation accuracy, confirming the validity of the improvements introduced.
SOLUTION OF THE FIRST BASIC BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM OF THE PLANE ELASTICITY THEORY FOR A MULTILAYER BASE WITH ORTHOTROPIC LAYERS
Authors: Дзундза Н. С. , Зіновєєв І. В.
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the problem of determining stresses and displacements at the points of a multilayer base consisting of orthotropic layers and coupled to a half-space. The external loads on the top layer are known, such that the deformation of the body becomes flat. At infinity, the stresses are zero. This paper presents a brief review of scientific studies that highlight methods and approaches to solving problems related to the theory of elasticity for studying the stress-strain state of multilayer bodies, plates, plates, and strips. The article formulates an algorithm for analytically solving the problem for a multilayer base, in which all the basic equations of the problem and boundary conditions are subjected to a direct Fourier transform. The stress function is found as a solution of the analog of a biharmonic differential equation in the space of transformants in the case of an orthotropic material. The relationships between the stress function transformant and the stress and displacement transformants are established. For each layer, four auxiliary functions are introduced that are associated with the stress and displacement transformants of points on the surface of the layers. From the conditions on the common boundaries between the layers, recurrent relations are constructed that express the auxiliary functions of the lower layer through the functions of the previous layer. By expressing the four auxiliary functions for the first layer, we can find similar functions for any layer using recurrent formulas. After substituting the found expressions into the stress and displacement transforms and applying the inverse Fourier integral transform, we obtain the true values of stresses and displacements at the points of the multilayer orthotropic base. The proposed algorithm takes into account the peculiarities of the properties of the orthotropic material and allows us to obtain analytical solutions of the stress-strain state in each layer of the base.
FRACTURE ANALYSIS AND SHIELDING EFFECTS IN ADVANCED MATERIALS
Authors: Онопрієнко О. Д. , Говоруха В. Б. , Кагадій Т. С. , Шпорта А. Г.
Published: December 2023

Due to their ability to interconnect electrical and mechanical domains, piezoelectric materials are increasingly finding applications in advanced electromechanical systems. Notably, magneto-electric composites like BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 have emerged as vital materials for the next generation of devices. Exploring this realm is a complex and significant endeavor, demanding the attention of the scientific community and further research. Over recent decades, the scope of formulating and executing computational models for continuous media has substantially broadened, encompassing a diverse array of material properties and fields in computational models. This article centers on the utilization of asymptotic analysis as a mathematical tool for constructing approximate equations and assessing the relevance of various hypotheses. It delves into the utilization of the perturbation method, pioneered by Kagadiy T. S. and others, to tackle two-dimensional contact problems in electropelasticity, particularly in the context of materials with linear anisotropy. The extensive applicability of this asymptotic approach underscores its efficacy in simplifying intricate problems by breaking them down into a sequence of boundary problem resolutions grounded in the theory of potentials. The collaborative effort of the authors in this research underscores that employing the mentioned method opens up avenues for formulating pertinent boundary problems for the fundamental equations. This, in turn, allows for the representation of the initial electropelasticity problem as a superposition of more manageable boundary problems. While mechanical and electrical components can be treated separately, they still interact via boundary conditions. To conduct a numerical analysis, the article examines scenarios where one crack surface slides parallel to the crack front against another and selects relevant materials with known characteristics. Calculations reveal that, even in the absence of mechanical load, crack surfaces undergo relative sliding due to non-zero electrical or magnetic fields. The study of the shielding effect, which mitigates crack motion by altering magnetic field distribution, holds particular significance. This effect reduces the overall stress intensity factor and impedes crack propagation. Conducting such a comprehensive analysis is pivotal for comprehending and foretelling the strength and reliability of structural components composed of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials. It is imperative to conduct a thorough examination of the mechanisms governing their failure.
Contract academic staff career development: An oxymoron?
Authors: Bennet Laura , Nicholson Louise , Gunn Alistair
Published: December 2023

​As part of its Strategic Review, the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission (TEC) is seeking to foster a broad discussion about the issues confronting the research workforce. This paper examines the increasing predominance of contract or ‘temporary’ staff amongst research academics in biomedical sciences. This transformation of the academic workforce has gone almost unnoticed amongst the wider community. However, New Zealand’s research performance is critical to developing the knowledge-based economy. As highlighted in major reviews overseas, the instability associated with an excessive dependence on contract staff for research has major implications for the future. We explore some of the factors behind this transformation, implications for research and academic performance, and some potential policy changes that have been proposed to mitigate its effects. This review particularly highlights an immediate policy issue, in that we found that there are no systematic data to either quantify the changes over time or the current extent of New Zealand’s dependence on contract staff for tertiary research and teaching.
Economic and environmental impacts of increased nitrogen use in grazed pastures and role of inhibitors in mitigating nitrogen losses
Authors: Saggar Surinder , Bolan Nanthi , Singh Jagrati , Blard Adeline
Published: December 2023

Addition of nitrogen (N) to soils not only increases plant productivity but also results in increased nitrate (NO3 –) leaching and release of gaseous N such as ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Recent sharp increases in fertiliser N inputs to grazed pastures in New Zealand have rekindled the debate on its impact on atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic environments. There has been increasing interest in the use of inhibitors to mitigate environmental impacts of N losses from animal excreta and effluent application through leaching and gaseous emissions. This article gives an overview of the environmental impacts of N losses, discusses the role of inhibitors in mitigating N losses, and identifies gaps and limitations from existing New Zealand information. It also suggests the main research needed for devising mitigation strategies with inhibitors.
Austronesian prehistory and Polynesian genetics
Authors: Marshall Stephen , Whyte Adele , Hamilton Frances , Chambers Geoffrey
Published: December 2023

The migration into and settlement of remote Oceania by the modern Polynesian and Māori peoples is a major achievement, which has been the subject of extensive research and scholarship. The routes taken by the Austronesian peoples and the origins of the migrations are subject to ongoing debate. We present a range of findings from molecular genetic studies of Polynesian and New Zealand Māori populations and a ‘synthetic total evidence theory’ that we suggest can account for key elements of the migrations.
Royce Elliott – From empiricism to science-based policy in New Zealand agriculture
Authors: Smith William
Published: December 2023

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Anais do V Congresso de Genética Multidisciplinar do Piauí – COGEMPI
Authors: Lima Ferreira Josie Haydée , De Lima Barros Emanuelle
Published: December 2023

A Genética Médica é uma especialidade que realiza avaliação clínica, diagnóstico, tratamento e aconselhamento genético de indivíduos e famílias com diversos tipos de afecções, assim como suporte e consultoria para outras especialidades médicas e demais profissões da saúde. Em sua quinta edição o CONGRESSO DE GENÉTICA MULTIDISCIPLINAR DO PIAUÍ – COGEMPI e V CONGRESSO DA LIGA DE GENÉTICA MÉDICA DO PIAUÍ – COLAGEMPI, promovido pela LIGA DE GENÉTICA MÉDICA DO PIAUÍ, surgiu pelo desejo de ligantes, estudantes e profissionais de saúde de promover na cidade de Teresina um evento que facilitasse o intercâmbio de informações, experiencias e conhecimento dentre os profissionais de diversas áreas interessados pela temática. O evento contou com uma programação de elevado conteúdo científico, ministrados por renomados palestrantes locais e de outras regiões do Brasil que apresentaram e debateram sobre assuntos em evidência dessa especialidade. A programação contou com quatro módulos temáticos: oncogenética, neurogenética, genética laboratorial e transtornos do comportamento. O evento promoveu ainda dois workshops em pesquisa científica e gestão e inovação em saúde com o objetivo de contribuir na formação acadêmica de estudantes de medicina e áreas afins. Entre os diversos trabalhos científicos submetidos ao V COGEMPI, a comissão científica selecionou 25 resumos que foram apresentados oralmente por seus autores e são objetos de publicação no presente anais.
Penerapan Google Meet sebagai Media Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi di Program Diploma III Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik
Authors: Dami Dami , Yosita Melya
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa dalam penerapan google meet sebagai media pembelajaran pada Mata Kuliah Korespondensi Bahasa Indonesia dan mata kuliah lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu metode diskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Diploma III Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik Universitas Tanjungpura. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara tertutup dan terbuka melalui google form. Hasil penelitian bahwa penggunaan google meet lebih efiktif dari pada aplikasi lainnya karena dosen dan mahasiswa dapat saling berintraksi dan berdiskusi tentang materi atau topik permasahan terkait surat–menyurat dengan adanya power point yang dibagikan dengan layar mereka merasa sangat terbantu. Penggunaannya juga lebih mudah, dari segi tampilan menarik.  Meskipun, dikatakan efektif tetapi masih ada kendala dalam penggunaan google meet, yaitu permasalahan jaringan internet meski demikian mahasiswa tetap setuju diterapkannya google meet sebagai media pembelajaran dan dapat didukung dengan media lain, yaitu Google Classroom dan WhatsApp serta lainnya. 
Kajian Psikologi Pembelajaran Menulis Puisi dalam Perspektif Mahasiswa
Authors: Kartini Ari , Syihabuddin Syihabuddin , Damaianti Vismaia
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji pelaksanaan pembelajaran menulis puisi dalam perspektif  mahasiswa yang berkenaan dengan  pandangan, perasaan, dan harapan mahasiswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran menulis puisi. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis kualitatif deskriptif melalui pendekatan psikologi pembelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket yang disebarluaskan melalui google form dan melakukukan wawancara langsung secara daring. Mahasiswa yang mengisi angket sebanyak 87 mahasiswa dan mahasiswa yang diwawancarai sebanyak 15 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa menyukai puisi, menulis puisi, dan pembelajaran menulis puisi. Namun, ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi saat menulis puisi, yaitu pemilihan diksi, memulai menulis, penggunaan gaya bahasa, merangkai kata-kata yang indah dan penuh makna, serta menemukan ide. Temuan lain berkenaan dengan metode dan media yang digunakan hendaknya menarik, menyenangkan, serta berbasis audiovisual. Harapan mahasiswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran menulis puisi ialah terampil menulis puisi, menyukai menulis puisi, menghasilkan karya, memahami teknik penulis puisi, mendapatkan informasi terkait teknik, media, atau metode yang efektif untuk menulis puisi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan implikasi, bahwa banyak mahasiswa menyukai puisi dan senang menulis puisi, akan tetapi rasa suka dan keinginan itu terhambat oleh kesulitan yang mereka rasakan dalam menulis puisi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menjawab permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam menulis puisi khusunya berkenaan dengan metode dan media pembelajaran menulis puisi berbasis teknologi.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Anak dalam Lagu Menidurkan Anak pada Mayarakat Tolaki
Authors: Putra Eko , Tundreng Syarifuddin , Jabir Sultan
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai karakter anak dalam lagu menidurkan anak pada masyarakat Tolaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi karakter terhadap anak melalui lagu saat menidurkan anak. Seperti yang kita ketahui penanaman pendidikan karakter pada anak sejak usia dini sangat penting mengingat di kalangan anak–anak nilai karakter sekarang mulai luntur. Data penelitian ini berupa kata, frase, klausa, dan kalimat yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu Ulele Sanggula dan Mombakani yang mengaitkan penerapan pendidikan karakter pada anak melalui pembiasaan mendengarkan lagu anak saat sejak dini, di saat ibu menidurkan anak. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini bahwa dalam lirik-lirik lagu daerah, mengandung makna yang dapat digunakan untuk membentuk karakter anak. Metode pengembangan karakter dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pembiasaan-pembiasaan kepada anak dalam mendengarkan lagu daerah. Salah satunya adalah metode nyanyian lagu menidurkan anak. Hal ini dapat diwujudkan melalui keteladanan seperti memahami akan nilai karakter religious, memiliki nilai toleransi, disiplin, peduli akan nilai sosial, dan memiliki rasa tanggung jawab yang tinggi.
Problematika Pembelajaran Daring Bahasa Indonesia Era Pandemi Berdasarkan Perspektif Guru SMP Se-Kota Malang
Authors: Tahmida Nova Shufia , Widyartono Didin
Published: December 2023

Perubahan sistem pembelajaran yang terjadi secara cepat dan mendadak selama pandemi menimbulkan dampak pada tahap-tahap pembelajaran. Dampak tersebut ditandai dengan banyaknya problematika yang terdapat pada masing-masing tahapan pembelajaran yaitu problematika persiapan, problematika pelaksanaan dan problematika penilaian pembelajaran. Penelitian terhadap problematika yang dialami guru penting untuk dilakukan supaya kedepannya kendala yang sama tidak terulang atau dapat diminalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kendala yang terjadi pada setiap tahap pembelajaran yang ditinjau dari perspektif guru. Penelitian ini melibatkan guru SMP se-Kota Malang sejumlah 105 orang sebagai subjek peelitian. Metode penyajian data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner daring yang dikemas melalui Google Formulir, kemudian disebarkan secara daring kepada responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa problematika pembelajaran daring Bahasa Indonesia selama pandemi yang dialami oleh guru SMP se-Kota Malang terdiri atas problematika persiapan, problematika pelaksanaan, dan problematika penilaian. Problematika yang terjadi pada tahap pelaksanaan didominasi oleh kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung pembelajaran. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, kendala yang paling banyak terjadi adalah ketidakmampuan guru untuk digitalisasi bahan ajar. Problematika penilaian pembelajaran yang paling banyak dialami oleh guru adalah mengatur kedisiplinan siswa untuk mengumpulkan penugasan.
Analisis Korpus dalam Mengevaluasi Buku Ajar BIPA Ditinjau dari Sebaran Kata dan Konkordansi
Authors: Widodo Mulyanto , Destiani Destiani , Meirita Siska , Kartika Atik
Published: December 2023

Studi penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui input kosakata mahasiswa asing di kelas BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing) level dasar. Banyak pakar menyatakan bahwa dengan sering diulangnya sebuah kata maka mahasiswa asing akan lebih mudah menghafal dan menungkapkannya kembali, baik lisan maupun tulisan. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi korpus. Software AntConc sangat membantu proses pengumpulan data penelitian. Ada tiga hal yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini. Pertama, tipe kata pada Buku BIPA 1 sebanyak 1.559 kata dengan tokens  sebanyak  9.456 dan tipe kata pada Buku BIPA 2 sebanyak 1.264 dengan tokens sebanyak 7.073. Kedua, persentase tipe kata dibagi menjadi kata berfrekuensi rendah dengan 70,88% pada Buku BIPA 1 dan 69,78% pada Buku BIPA  2. Kata berfrekuensi sedang dengan 12,77% pada Buku BIPA 1 dan 13,93% pada Buku BIPA 2. Kata berfrekuensi tinggi dengan 16,36% pada Buku BIPA 1 dan 16,30% pada Buku BIPA 2. Ketiga, jenis kata yang masuk ke dalam kata berfrekuensi rendah memiliki persentase yang tinggi. Hal demikian membuat mahasiswa sulit untuk mengingat sebuah kata dalam jangka waktu lama dikarenakan minimnya frekuensi pengulangan kata.