bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S4 from Comprehensive Target Engagement by the EZH2 Inhibitor Tulmimetostat Allows for Targeting of ARID1A Mutant Cancers
Authors: Keller Patricia J. , Adams Elizabeth J. , Wu Rentian , Côté Alexandre , Arora Shilpi , Cantone Nico , Meyer Rosana , Mertz Jennifer A. , Gehling Victor , Cui Jike , Stuckey Jacob I. , Khanna Avinash , Zhao Feng , Chen Zehua , Yu Ziyang , Cummings Richard T. , Taimi Mohammed , Lakhani Nehal J. , Rasco Drew , Gutierrez Martin , Duska Linda , Devitt Michael , Rippley Ronda , Levell Julian , Truong Jennifer , Wang Jing , Sun Kaiming , Trojer Patrick
Published: August 2024

Summary of PK data for EZH2 inhibitors used in KARPAS-422 and HT1376 xeograft mmouse models
Modernizing the NCI60 Cell Line Screen for Phenotypic Drug Discovery in the 21st Century
Authors: Colombo Gianna M. , Corsello Steven M.
Published: August 2024

Over the past three decades, high-throughput phenotypic cancer cell line screens have revealed unanticipated small-molecule activities and illuminated connections between tumor genotypes and anticancer efficacy. Founded in 1984, the National Cancer Institute’s “NCI60” screen laid the conceptual groundwork for the contemporary landscape of phenotypic drug discovery. NCI60 first operated as a primary bioactivity screen, but molecular characterization of the NCI60 cell line panel and development of a small-molecule sensitivity pattern recognition algorithm (called “COMPARE”) have enabled subsequent studies into drug mechanisms of action and biomarker identification. In this issue of Cancer Research, Kunkel and colleagues report an updated version of the NCI60 screen, dubbed “HTS384” NCI60, that better aligns with current cell proliferation assay standards and has higher throughput. Changes include the use of a 384-well plate format, automated laboratory equipment, 3 days of compound exposure, and a CellTiter-Glo luminescent endpoint. To confirm that data from the HTS384 and classic NCI60 screen are comparable, the authors tested a library of 1,003 anticancer agents using both protocols and applied COMPARE to analyze patterns of cell line sensitivities. More than three dozen groups of targeted therapies showed high comparability between screens. Modernization of NCI60, and closer integration with other large-scale pharmacogenomic screens and molecular feature sets, will help this public screening service remain pertinent for cancer drug discovery efforts for years to come.

See related article by Kunkel et al., p. 2403
Supplementary Figure S15 from Molecular Subtypes of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer across Racial Groups and Gene Expression Platforms
Authors: Davidson Natalie R. , Barnard Mollie E. , Hippen Ariel A. , Campbell Amy , Johnson Courtney E. , Way Gregory P. , Dalley Brian K. , Berchuck Andrew , Salas Lucas A. , Peres Lauren C. , Marks Jeffrey R. , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Greene Casey S. , Doherty Jennifer A.
Published: August 2024

Distribution of consensusOV subtypes across datasets
Table S4 from Genetic Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasm after Childhood Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ducos Claire , Aba Naïla , Rosselli Filippo , Fresneau Brice , Al Ahmad Nachar Baraah , Zidane Monia , de Vathaire Florent , Benhamou Simone , Haddy Nadia
Published: August 2024

Table S4 presents the quality control results using the q-genie scale for each article included in this review.
Supplementary Fig. S6 from A Proof-of-Concept Study of Sequential Treatment with the HDAC Inhibitor Vorinostat following BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in BRAFV600-Mutated Melanoma
Authors: Embaby Alaa , Huijberts Sanne C.F.A. , Wang Liqin , Leite de Oliveira Rodrigo , Rosing Hilde , Nuijen Bastiaan , Sanders Joyce , Hofland Ingrid , van Steenis Charlaine , Kluin Roelof J.C. , Lieftink Cor , Smith Christopher G. , Blank Christian U. , van Thienen Johannes V. , Haanen John B.A.G. , Steeghs Neeltje , Opdam Frans L. , Beijnen Jos H. , Huitema Alwin D.R. , Bernards Rene , Schellens Jan H.M. , Wilgenhof Sofie
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Fig. S6. MAPK pathway activity before and after vorinostat (day 14), sorted on the DESeq2 statistic from high to low.
Supplementary Table S9 from Plasma Proteomic Signature Predicts Myeloid Neoplasm Risk
Authors: Tran Duc , Beeler J. Scott , Liu Jie , Wiley Brian , Chan Irenaeus C.C. , Xin Zilan , Kramer Michael H. , Batchi-Bouyou Armel L. , Zong Xiaoyu , Walter Matthew J. , Petrone Giulia E.M. , Chlamydas Sarantis , Ferraro Francesca , Oh Stephen T. , Link Daniel C. , Busby Ben , Cao Yin , Bolton Kelly L.
Published: August 2024

Association between plasma protein levels and blood count measurements.
Supplementary Material S1 from Ultrasound-Guided Quantitative Fluorescence Molecular Endoscopy for Monitoring Response in Patients with Esophageal Cancer Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Schmidt Iris , Zhao Xiaojuan , van der Waaij Anne M. , Meersma Gert Jan , Dijkstra Frederieke A. , Haveman Jan Willem , van Etten Boudewijn , Robinson Dominic J. , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Nagengast Wouter B.
Published: August 2024

Description of resection specimen and determination of optical properties
Supplementary Table S4 from Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell with an Inducible Caspase-9 Suicide Gene Eradicates Uveal Melanoma Liver Metastases via B7-H3 Targeting
Authors: Ventin Marco , Cattaneo Giulia , Arya Shahrzad , Jia Jingyu , Gelmi Maria C. , Sun Yi , Maggs Luke , Ksander Bruce R. , Verdijk Robert M. , Boland Genevieve M. , Jenkins Russell W. , Haq Rizwan , Jager Martine J. , Wang Xinhui , Ryeom Sandra , Ferrone Cristina R.
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Table S4. Correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of patients with primary ocular UM tumors from the TCGA cohort and B7-H3 mRNA expression.
Supplementary Table S13 from Clinical Implications and Molecular Features of Extracellular Matrix Networks in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Pankova Valeriya , Krasny Lukas , Kerrison William , Tam Yuen B. , Chadha Madhumeeta , Burns Jessica , Wilding Christopher P. , Chen Liang , Chowdhury Avirup , Perkins Emma , Lee Alexander T.J. , Howell Louise , Guljar Nafia , Sisley Karen , Fisher Cyril , Chudasama Priya , Thway Khin , Jones Robin L. , Huang Paul H.
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Table S13. Summary of univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) Cox regression analyses assessing the association of clinicopathological factors and ssGSEA-derived proteoglycan score with overall survival (OS).
Supplementary Table S11 from Clinical Implications and Molecular Features of Extracellular Matrix Networks in Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Pankova Valeriya , Krasny Lukas , Kerrison William , Tam Yuen B. , Chadha Madhumeeta , Burns Jessica , Wilding Christopher P. , Chen Liang , Chowdhury Avirup , Perkins Emma , Lee Alexander T.J. , Howell Louise , Guljar Nafia , Sisley Karen , Fisher Cyril , Chudasama Priya , Thway Khin , Jones Robin L. , Huang Paul H.
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Table S11. Statistical association of clinicopathological features with proteoglycan groups.
Data from Personalized ctDNA for Monitoring Disease Status in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hanna Glenn J. , Dennis Michael J. , Scarfo Nicole , Mullin Michelle S. , Sethi Rosh K.V. , Sehgal Kartik , Annino Donald J. , Goguen Laura A. , Haddad Robert I. , Tishler Roy B. , Margalit Danielle N. , Uppaluri Ravindra , Schoenfeld Jonathan D. , Rettig Eleni M.
Published: August 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Many patients with locoregionally advanced human papillomavirus–negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) relapse. ctDNA has the potential to identify minimal residual disease, but its clinical utility for virus-negative HNSCC is not well understood.
Experimental Design:
We retrospectively evaluated a personalized, commercial ctDNA assay (Signatera, Natera) during clinical care of patients treated for predominantly newly diagnosed human papillomavirus–negative HNSCC. Signatera utilizes 16-plex PCR from matched tumor and blood. Objectives were to understand ctDNA detectability and correlate changes posttreatment with disease outcomes.
Results:
Testing was successful in 100/116 (86%) patients (median age: 65 years, 68% male, 65% smokers); testing failed in 16 (14%) because of insufficient tissue. Oral cavity (55, 47%) tumors were most common; most had stage III to IV disease (82, 71%), whereas 17 (15%) had distant metastases. Pretreatment, 75/100 patients with successful testing (75%) had detectable ctDNA (range: 0.03–4049.69 mean tumor molecules/mL). No clinical features predicted ctDNA detectability or levels (multivariate analysis). At a median follow-up of 5.1 months (range: 0.2–15.1), 55 (55%) had >1 test result (range: 1–7; 194 samples). Of 55 patients, 17 (31%) remained ctDNA positive after starting treatment. Progression-free survival was significantly worse for patients who were ctDNA positive versus ctDNA negative posttreatment (HR, 7.33; 95% confidence interval, 3.12–17.2; P < 0.001); 1-year overall survival was 89.1% versus 100%, respectively (HR, 7.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.46–119.5; P = 0.155).
Conclusions:
Tumor-informed ctDNA testing is feasible in nonviral HNSCC. ctDNA positivity is an indicator of disease progression and associated with inferior survival. Further research is warranted to understand whether ctDNA may be leveraged to guide therapy in HNSCC.
Figure S5 from TNIK Inhibition Sensitizes TNIK-Overexpressing Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Radiotherapy
Authors: Nguyen Triet , Carrieri Francesca A. , Connis Nick , Lafargue Audrey , Chang Jinhee , Chan Aaron , Shetty Amol C. , Song Yang , Hoang Tung , Jagtap Shreya , Chowdhury Dipanwita D. , Khan Muhammad A. , Gabrielson Kathleen L. , Rezaee Mohammad , Torres-Ayuso Pedro , Brognard John , Hann Christine L. , Tran Phuoc T.
Published: August 2024

Cisplatin did not affect TNIK inhibition-mediated radiosensitization.
Discovery of RGT-018: A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable SOS1 Inhibitor for KRAS-Driven Cancers
Authors: Xiao Fei , Wang Kailiang , Wang Xinjuan , Li Huijuan , Hu Zhilong , Ren Xiaoming , Huang Wei , Feng Teng , Yao Lili , Lin Jing , Li Chunlai , Zhang Zhuanzhuan , Mei Liufeng , Zhu Xiaotian , Zhong Wenge , Xie Zhi
Published: August 2024

KRAS is the most frequently dysregulated oncogene with a high prevalence in non–small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. FDA-approved sotorasib and adagrasib provide breakthrough therapies for patients with cancer with KRASG12C mutation. However, there is still high unmet medical need for new agents targeting broader KRAS-driven tumors. An emerging and promising opportunity is to develop a pan KRAS inhibitor by suppressing the upstream protein of Son of Sevenless 1 (SOS1). SOS1 is a key activator of KRAS and facilitates the conversion of GDP-bound KRAS state to GTP-bound KRAS state. Binding to its catalytic domain, small-molecule SOS1 inhibitor has demonstrated the ability to suppress KRAS activation and cancer cell proliferation. RGT-018, a potent and selective SOS1 inhibitor, was identified with optimal drug-like properties. In vitro, RGT-018 blocked the interaction of KRAS:SOS1 with single-digit nanomoles per liter potency and was highly selective against SOS2. RGT-018 inhibited KRAS signaling and the proliferation of a broad spectrum of KRAS-driven cancer cells as a single agent in vitro. Further enhanced antiproliferation activity was observed when RGT-018 was combined with MEK, KRASG12C, EGFR, or CDK4/6 inhibitors. Oral administration of RGT-018 inhibited tumor growth and suppressed KRAS signaling in tumor xenografts in vivo. Combinations with MEK or KRASG12C inhibitors led to significant tumor regression. Furthermore, RGT-018 overcame the resistance to the approved KRASG12C inhibitors caused by clinically acquired KRAS mutations either as a single agent or in combination. RGT-018 displayed promising pharmacological properties for combination with targeted agents to treat a broader KRAS-driven patient population.
Figure S5 from Venetoclax Induces BCL-2–Dependent Treg to TH17 Plasticity to Enhance the Antitumor Efficacy of Anti–PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Liao Rosy , Hsu Jocelyn Y. , Aboelella Nada S. , McKeever Joshua A. , Thomas-Toth Anika T. , Koh Andrew S. , LaBelle James L.
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Figure S5. Differential accessibility of key transcription factors that have shown to play a role in Treg plasticity represented in Tregs isolated from vehicle and venetoclaxtreated animals. Specifically, increased accessibility of RORγt, BATF, and IRF4 are crucial for Treg to TH17 plasticity.
Supplementary Figure S11 from Overexpression of an Engineered SERPINB9 Enhances Allogeneic T-cell Persistence and Efficacy
Authors: Teo Pei Y. , Jung Youngrock , Quach David H. , Koh Joanna , Ong Richard W. , Goh Angeline , Tan Alrina , Ng Chee H. , Seh Cheah C. , Tan Kar W. , Horak Ivan D. , Low Lionel
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Figure S11. Overexpression of SB9(CAS) in activated CD30.CAR with 4-1BB spacer (CD30.bb) TCRαβKO ATCs and CD19.CAR TCRαβKO ATCs protects them from allogeneic rejection and enhances anti-tumor efficacy in-vitro as described in Figure 3A. A, Flow cytometry analysis of NALM6 cells modified to overexpress truncated CD30 and were gene-edited for the knockout of HLA class I and II (HLADKO NALM6-CD30). HLADKO NALM6-CD30 cells were purified either by FACS or clonal selection. B and C, Representative ‘donor’ CD30.bb TCRαβKO ATC (B) or CD19.CAR TCRαβKO ATC (C) donor cell death (%) calculated by (donor cell count(co-culture of donor and tumor)- donor cell count(tri-culture))/(donor cell count (co-culture of donor and tumor))*100%, over 3 days in tri-culture. The assay was performed in the absence of cytokines. D and E, The tumor cell numbers counted by flow cytometry analysis on day 3 of tri-culture with ‘donor’ CD30.bb TCRαβKO ATCs (D) or CD19.CAR TCRαβKO ATCs (E) and respective ‘recipient’ Allo-T cells. The bar chart represents the median ± SD (n = 2).
Table S4 from Improvement of Tumor Neoantigen Detection by High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Meng Wei , Takeuchi Yoshiko , Ward Jeffrey P. , Sultan Hussein , Arthur Cora D. , Mardis Elaine R. , Artyomov Maxim N. , Lichti Cheryl F. , Schreiber Robert D.
Published: August 2024

mItgb1 peptides detected in the CV optimization experiments.
Coordinated Targeting of S6K1/2 and AXL Disrupts Pyrimidine Biosynthesis in PTEN-Deficient Glioblastoma
Authors: Behrmann Catherine A. , Ennis Kelli N. , Sarma Pranjal , Wetzel Collin , Clark Nicholas A. , Von Handorf Kate M. , Vallabhapurapu Subrahmanya , Andreani Cristina , Reigle James , Scaglioni Pier Paolo , Meller Jarek , Czyzyk-Krzeska Maria F. , Kendler Ady , Qi Xiaoyang , Sarkaria Jann N. , Medvedovic Mario , Sengupta Soma , Dasgupta Biplab , Plas David R.
Published: August 2024

Intrinsic resistance to targeted therapeutics in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma (GBM) is mediated by redundant signaling networks that sustain critical metabolic functions. Here, we demonstrate that coordinated inhibition of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL using LY-2584702 and BMS-777607 can overcome network redundancy to reduce GBM tumor growth. This combination of S6K1 and AXL inhibition suppressed glucose flux to pyrimidine biosynthesis. Genetic inactivation studies to map the signaling network indicated that both S6K1 and S6K2 transmit growth signals in PTEN-deficient GBM. Kinome-wide ATP binding analysis in inhibitor-treated cells revealed that LY-2584702 directly inhibited S6K1, and substrate phosphorylation studies showed that BMS-777607 inactivation of upstream AXL collaborated to reduce S6K2-mediated signal transduction. Thus, combination targeting of S6K1 and AXL provides a kinase-directed therapeutic approach that circumvents signal transduction redundancy to interrupt metabolic function and reduce growth of PTEN-deficient GBM.

Significance:

Therapy for glioblastoma would be advanced by incorporating molecularly targeted kinase-directed agents, similar to standard of care strategies in other tumor types. Here, we identify a kinase targeting approach to inhibit the metabolism and growth of glioblastoma.
Non-Motor Effects of Low-Frequency Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ong Kenneth , Schmidt Franziska , Tosefsky Kira , Faran Muhammad , Sarica Can , Honey Christopher R. , Vila-Rodriguez Fidel , Lang Stefan
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is an effective therapy for the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Typically, stimulation is applied at a high frequency (≥100 Hz) to alleviate motor symptoms. However, the effects on non-motor symptoms can be variable. Low-frequency oscillations are increasingly recognized as playing an important role in the non-motor functions of the subthalamic nucleus. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that low-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (<100 Hz) may have a direct effect on these non-motor functions, thereby preferentially impacting non-motor symptoms of PD. Despite important therapeutic implications, the literature on this topic has not been summarized. Method: To understand the current state of the field, we performed a comprehensive systematic review of the literature assessing the non-motor effects of low-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in PD. We performed a supplementary meta-analysis to assess the effects of low- versus high-frequency stimulation on verbal fluency outcomes. Results: Our search returned 7,009 results, of which we screened 4,199 results. A total of 145 studies were further assessed for eligibility, and a total of 21 studies met our inclusion criteria, representing 297 patients. These studies were a mix of case reports and control trials. The four clinical outcomes measured were sleep, sensory perception, cognition, and mood. A supplementary meta-analysis of six studies investigating the impact of low-frequency stimulation on verbal fluency did not find any significant results when pooling across subgroups. Conclusion: LFS of the STN may have benefits on a range of cognitive and affective symptoms in PD. However, current studies in this space are heterogeneous, and the effect sizes are small. Factors that impact outcomes can be divided into stimulation and patient factors. Future work should consider the interactions between stimulation location and stimulation frequency as well as how these interact depending on the specific non-motor phenotype.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetuses with 4q35 Deletion: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Jiang Qianzhu , Yuan Lin , Yu Haihua
Published: August 2024

Introduction: 4q35 deletion is a rare chromosomal syndrome with a wide range of phenotypes, which can be challenging to detect through prenatal ultrasound. This study aimed to summarize the fetal phenotypes of patients with 4q35 deletion. Case Presentation: The study included four fetuses with 4q35 deletion, with detailed records of prenatal ultrasound and genetic testing results. These cases included following phenotypes, fetal growth restriction (FGR) (2/4), cystic hygroma (2/4), single umbilical artery (1/4), and fused kidney (1/4). One case was terminated, while the other three were born and showed no obvious abnormalities at the 1-year follow-up. Previous reports have described the fetal phenotype of 4q35 deletion in 6 patients from five families, with prenatal phenotypes including FGR (2/6), cardiac structural abnormalities (1/6), brain ventriculomegaly (1/6), oligohydramnios (1/6), and multicystic dysplastic kidneys (1/6). Conclusion: Overall, the phenotypes of fetuses with 4q35 deletion are diverse, with FGR potentially being a significant phenotype in these cases.
Rictor, an mTORC2 Protein, Regulates Murine Lymphatic Valve Formation Through the AKT-FOXO1 Signaling
Authors: Banerjee Richa , Knauer Luz A. , Iyer Drishya , Barlow Sara E. , Shalaby Hanan , Dehghan Razieh , Scallan Joshua P. , Yang Ying
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Lymphatic valves are specialized structures in collecting lymphatic vessels and are crucial for preventing retrograde lymph flow. Mutations in valve-forming genes have been clinically implicated in the pathology of congenital lymphedema. Lymphatic valves form when oscillatory shear stress from lymph flow signals through the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote the transcription of valve-forming genes that trigger the growth and maintenance of lymphatic valves. Conventionally, in many cell types, AKT is phosphorylated at Ser473 by the mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2). However, mTORC2 has not yet been implicated in lymphatic valve formation.

METHODS:

In vivo and in vitro techniques were used to investigate the role of
Rictor
, a critical component of mTORC2, in lymphatic endothelium.

RESULTS:

Here, we showed that embryonic and postnatal lymphatic deletion of
Rictor
, a critical component of mTORC2, led to a significant decrease in lymphatic valves and prevented the maturation of collecting lymphatic vessels.
RICTOR
knockdown in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells not only reduced the level of activated AKT and the expression of valve-forming genes under no-flow conditions but also abolished the upregulation of AKT activity and valve-forming genes in response to oscillatory shear stress. We further showed that the AKT target, FOXO1 (forkhead box protein O1), a repressor of lymphatic valve formation, had increased nuclear activity in
Rictor
knockout mesenteric lymphatic endothelial cells in vivo. Deletion of
Foxo1
in
Rictor
knockout mice restored the number of valves to control levels in lymphatic vessels of the ear and mesentery.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our work identifies a novel role for RICTOR in the mechanotransduction signaling pathway, wherein it activates AKT and prevents the nuclear accumulation of the valve repressor, FOXO1, which ultimately enables the formation and maintenance of lymphatic valves.
Cardiac Effects of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in Nonproteinuric CKD
Authors: Shulman Rachel S. , Yang Wei , Cohen Debbie L. , Reese Peter P. , Cohen Jordana B. ,   the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

In contrast to proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD), the relative cardioprotective benefits of antihypertensive medications in nonproteinuric CKD are unknown. We examined long-term cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with nonproteinuric CKD treated with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) versus other antihypertensive medications.

METHODS:

Among participants of the CRIC study (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) without proteinuria, we used intention-to-treat analyses with inverse probability of treatment weighting and Cox proportional hazards modeling to determine the association of RASIs versus other antihypertensive medications with a composite cardiovascular outcome (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, and death) and mortality. Secondary analyses included per-protocol analyses accounting for continuous adherence and time-updated analyses accounting for the proportion of time using RASIs during follow-up.

RESULTS:

A total of 2806 participants met the inclusion criteria. In the intention-to-treat analyses, RASIs versus other antihypertensive medications were not associated with an appreciable difference in cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.94 [95% CI, 0.80–1.11]) or mortality (aHR, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.88–1.28]). In the per-protocol analyses, RASIs were associated with a lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events (aHR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.63–0.97]) and mortality (aHR, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.48–0.85]). Similarly, in the time-updated analyses, a higher proportion of RASI use over time was associated with a lower mortality risk (aHR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.14–0.86]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Among individuals with nonproteinuric CKD, after accounting for time-updated use, RASIs are associated with fewer cardiovascular events and a lower mortality risk compared with other antihypertensive medications. Patients with nonproteinuric CKD may benefit from prioritizing RASIs for hypertension management.
Proprioceptive engagement of the human cerebellum studied with 7T-fMRI
Authors: Brouwer Emma J.P. , Priovoulos Nikos , Hashimoto Julie , van der Zwaag Wietske
Published: August 2024

Proprioception, the process of perceiving our bodies in space, is a key aspect of self-perception. The cerebellar cortex is believed to play a critical role in proprioception. However, our understanding of the functional involvement of the cerebellum in proprioception remains limited due to the intricate, thin, and highly folded structure of the human cerebellar cortex, which is more challenging to resolve using in-vivo MRI compared to the cerebral cortex. In this study, we employed high-resolution, B1-shimmed, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 7T to investigate proprioceptive involvement of the cerebellum in humans. We used two tasks designed to differentially require proprioceptive information processing: midline-contralateral-finger-touch and simultaneous-unilateral-finger-flexing. We assessed responses to these tasks across three gradient directions inspired by the mesoscale cerebellar functional organisation, akin to laminar and columnar fMRI approaches in the cerebral cortex. Movements requiring higher proprioceptive engagement, in the midline-contralateral-finger-touch task, elicited stronger activations in both anterior and posterior lobe motor areas of the cerebellum (lobules V and VIIIa/b). We identified distinct activation patterns for the two tasks within these cerebellar motor regions, which may reflect differing functional roles of these motor areas. Midline-contralateral-finger-touch responses were found more medial than simultaneous-unilateral-finger-flexing responses in lobule V and deeper into the cerebellar fissures in lobule VIII. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of cerebellar functional organisation, the cerebellar involvement in proprioception and may offer insights into addressing proprioceptive deficits associated with neurological conditions.
Evaluating the effect of denoising submillimeter auditory fMRI data with NORDIC
Authors: Faes Lonike K. , Lage-Castellanos Agustin , Valente Giancarlo , Yu Zidan , Cloos Martijn A. , Vizioli Luca , Moeller Steen , Yacoub Essa , De Martino Federico
Published: August 2024

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as an essential tool for exploring human brain function. Submillimeter fMRI, in particular, has emerged as a tool to study mesoscopic computations. The inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at submillimeter resolutions warrants the use of denoising approaches tailored at reducing thermal noise—the dominant contributing noise component in high-resolution fMRI. NOise Reduction with DIstribution Corrected Principal Component Analysis (NORDIC PCA) is one of such approaches, and has been benchmarked against other approaches in several applications. Here, we investigate the effects that two versions of NORDIC denoising have on auditory submillimeter data. While investigating auditory functional responses poses unique challenges, we anticipated NORDIC to have a positive impact on the data on the basis of previous applications. Our results show that NORDIC denoising improves the detection sensitivity and the reliability of estimates in submillimeter auditory fMRI data. These effects can be explained by the reduction of the noise-induced signal variability. However, we did observe a reduction in the average response amplitude (percent signal change) within regions of interest, which may suggest that a portion of the signal of interest, which could not be distinguished from general i.i.d. noise, was also removed. We conclude that, while evaluating the effects of the signal reduction induced by NORDIC may be necessary for each application, using NORDIC in high-resolution auditory fMRI studies may be advantageous because of the large reduction in variability of the estimated responses.
Thermal Imprints of Mesoscale Eddies in the Global Ocean
Authors: He Qingyou , Mo Danhong , Zhan Weikang , Cai Shuqun , Tang Shilin , Zha Guozhen , Zhan Haigang
Published: August 2024

Mesoscale eddies have been widely documented for their significant role in regulating oceanic heat absorption and redistribution. However, our understanding of their thermal impacts on a global scale has been hampered by the scarcity of eddy-targeted observations. Here, we perform a comprehensive global analysis of over 2 million historical hydrographic profile measurements collocated with satellite-based eddy observations between 1993 and 2019, revealing rich geographical variability in the intensity, vertical extent, and asymmetry of the temperature anomalies induced by eddies. In tropical and subtropical oceans, temperature anomalies within eddies are dominated by eddy pumping and heavily influenced by near-surface vertical stratification, resulting in a relatively shallow extent of eddy effects (around 500 m) with subsurface maximum temperature anomalies occurring near 100 m. In midlatitude main current systems with sharp horizontal temperature gradients, the impact of eddy trapping becomes evident, leading to temperature anomalies extending to depths of 1000 m, with vertical peak values exceeding 4°C between 300 and 700 m, equivalent to perturbations in the local mean-state temperature of nearly 30%. This process also results in substantial temperature anomalies on isopycnal surfaces, indicating notable cross-frontal transport of heat and water mass with varying properties. The estimated meridional heat transport by eddy movement is on the order of O(1) MW, generally one order of magnitude smaller than previous estimates of the time-varying meridional heat transport (). However, this does not imply that they are unimportant, as this long-range cross-frontal heat transport may have significant consequences on regional temperature extremes and biogeochemical environments.

Significance Statement

Mesoscale eddies with a horizontal scale of O(100) km play a crucial role in modulating oceanic heat absorption and redistribution. However, their activities vary significantly across the global ocean, and our understanding of their thermal impacts remains incomplete. In this study, we conduct a global analysis of the influence of eddies on ocean temperature using over 2 million historical in situ temperature and salinity profile measurements combined with satellite-based eddy observations. Our analysis reveals substantial regional variability in the intensity, vertical extent, and asymmetry of temperature anomalies within eddies of different polarities and discusses the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we estimate the meridional heat transport caused by eddy movement within each 2° × 2° grid, providing insights into the efficient pathways for eddy heat transport in western boundary currents and their extensions. These results enhance our understanding of the global-scale thermal impact of eddies and provide valuable references for assessing their biogeochemical and ecological consequences.
Modulation of Tropical Cyclogenesis by Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves
Authors: Rios-Berrios Rosimar , Tang Brian H. , Davis Christopher A. , Martinez Jonathan
Published: August 2024

Tropical cyclone numbers can vary from week to week within a hurricane season. Recent studies suggest that convectively coupled Kelvin waves can be partly responsible for such variability. However, the precise physical mechanisms responsible for that modulation remain uncertain partly due to the inability of previous studies to isolate the effects of Kelvin waves from other factors. This study uses an idealized modeling framework—called an aquaplanet—to uniquely isolate the effects of Kelvin waves on tropical cyclogenesis. The framework also captures the convective-scale dynamics of both tropical cyclones and Kelvin waves. Our results confirm an uptick in tropical cyclogenesis after the passage of a Kelvin wave—twice as many tropical cyclones form 2 days after a Kelvin wave peak than at any other time lag from the peak. A detailed composite analysis shows anomalously weak ventilation during and after (or to the west of) the Kelvin wave peak. The weak ventilation stems primarily from anomalously moist conditions, with weaker vertical wind shear playing a secondary role. In contrast to previous studies, our results demonstrate that Kelvin waves modulate both kinematic and thermodynamic synoptic-scale conditions that are necessary for tropical cyclone formation. These results suggest that numerical models must capture the three-dimensional structure of Kelvin waves to produce accurate subseasonal predictions of tropical cyclone activity.

Significance Statement

Anticipating active tropical cyclone periods several weeks in advance could help mitigate the loss of lives and property due to these phenomena. Recent studies suggest that a type of tropical cloud cluster—known as convectively coupled Kelvin waves—can promote tropical cyclone formation. Kelvin waves travel around the world and can be detected days to weeks in advance. We use a simplified numerical model to isolate the effects of Kelvin waves on tropical cyclone formation. Our unique approach confirms that tropical cyclones are more likely to form 2 days after a Kelvin wave than before the wave. We also demonstrate that—contrary to previous perception—the enhancement of tropical cyclogenesis is due to both more moisture and weaker wind currents following the waves.
Around La religion de près: A multidisciplinary perspective
Authors: Dejean Frédéric
Published: August 2024

The introduction to the special section devoted to the book La religion de près is an opportunity to look back at the reasons that motivated such a section in Studies in Religion/Sciences religieuses. We explain that, in addition to a personal – almost emotional – attachment to the book, there are reasons more acceptable among academics: if Piette’s book opens new avenues for the anthropology and sociology of religion, it also echoes fields of English-speaking research developed in the same period. Finally, we present briefly the five contributions that make up this special section.
The Articulatory and Acoustic Representation of Second-Language French Vowels
Authors: Oakley Madeleine
Published: August 2024

This study examines how L1 English-L2 French learners use L1 articulatory and acoustic categories to produce L2 vowels that are both similar to and different from their L1 vowels. Previous studies examining the relationship between L1 and L2 sound inventories have found that learners reuse L1 phone categories to produce L2 phones that are perceived as similar, but importantly, there is a lack of articulatory data included in these types of studies, which has reinforced the assumption that vowel categories can be solely represented by their acoustic properties. The present study uses ultrasound tongue imaging data and videos of lip rounding in addition to acoustic data to examine how L1 English-L2 French learners produce the French vowels /i y u e ø o/ compared with their English vowels /i u e o/. The results focus on individual paths to category formation to show how learners articulate L2 vowels, and reveal that they tend to reuse L1 tongue body gestures to produce the French vowels /i u e o/, and lip rounding gestures to produce the round vowels /y u o/. This study demonstrates that transfer of articulatory gestures depends on vowel quality and emphasizes the importance of using articulatory data to inform theories of L2 category formation.
Factors Affecting Work–Life Balance of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19: Multi-group Analysis of Private–Public Hospitals Using the Moderation–Mediation Model
Authors: Kaur Paramjeet , Arora Gurminder Kaur , Aggarwal Ankita
Published: August 2024

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs) is important as it directly affects the quality of healthcare services and a nation’s ability to navigate through crises. This study, analysing data collected from 799 healthcare professionals through structural equation modelling and multi-group analysis, identifies five key factors influencing HCWs’ work–life balance (WLB), namely, psychological stress, socio-economic impact, interpersonal relationships, government intervention and fear of exposure to Covid. Key findings reveal that HCWs in private hospitals experience lower stress levels and better WLB. Female and medically trained HCWs report higher stress levels. Those who contracted Covid faced elevated stress and strained interpersonal relations. Negative impacts on WLB are observed for fear of Covid, socio-economic impact, government intervention and psychological stress, with positive influence from interpersonal relationships. Recommendations include fostering positive relationships, stabilising employment, providing socio-economic support in public hospitals, implementing stress-coping training programmes in collaboration with governments, and offering insights for enhancing HCWs’ well-being during healthcare crises.

JEL Codes: I12, I18, J28, J81
A Preliminary National Survey of Accessible Features of Churches in the United States
Authors: Stewart-Ginsburg Jared H. , Carter Erik William , Ault Melinda J. , Tanner Allison , Becker Caroline
Published: August 2024

Religious congregations have been inconsistent in their accessibility to and support of people with disabilities. Limited research has addressed the practices of churches in this area of inclusion. The purpose of this preliminary study was to better understand the landscape of congregational accessibility and explore the accessibility features presently offered in congregations. We randomly surveyed Christian churches in the United States. We analyzed responses from 127 churches using descriptive, correlational, and inferential statistics to determine which accessible features were reported more or less often and how congregational demographics mediated the number and type of accessibility features. Although most congregations offered multiple accessibility features, offerings varied widely. Streaming services, accessible seating, adequate lighting for people with low vision, and gluten-free eucharist elements were the features most commonly offered. Few congregations offered features that conveyed broader efforts to address accessibility. Most respondents indicated that multiple people with varied disabilities participated in their church, though frequency varied widely across types of disabilities. This study provides an initial glimpse into the accessibility practices of Christian churches in the United States. These findings highlight areas of potential reflection and response for churches aiming to support the full participation of people with disabilities.
Cumulative Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Recidivism: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yannon Miranda G. , Decrop Romain , Le Mytien , Beery Sam , Tompsett Carolyn J.
Published: August 2024

This meta-analysis quantitatively synthesizes existing literature to investigate the relationship between aggregations of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and recidivism among court-involved youth and adults. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed, and moderation analyses were conducted. Sixteen studies (published n = 12), encompassing 101,778 unique participants (girls/women = 21.1%; adults n = 1,204), met the inclusion criteria. A small overall effect size revealed that an accumulation of ACEs increased the odds of reoffending. The relationship between ACEs and recidivism was only statistically significant for the subgroup of studies using youth samples. In addition, ACEs only predicted recidivism in the subgroup of published studies (compared to dissertations). Other moderators (gender, study location, recidivism time frame) were not significant. Our results suggest that courts, particularly youth courts, would benefit from screening for cumulative ACEs to help identify those most at risk for reoffending and in need of intervention.
Examining Parole Decision-Making Pre- and Post-COVID-19: Does Elderly Status Matter?
Authors: Rivera Laugalis Victoria , Kokkalera Stuti S. , Wronski Beatriz Amalfi
Published: August 2024

Due to the growing concerns of mass incarceration, coupled with the recent global pandemic of COVID-19, parole is in the spotlight as an avenue for early release. At the start of COVID-19, the elderly incarcerated population received attention due to their vulnerabilities. In this article, the likelihood of parole release and the amount of time candidates must wait postdenial are examined by accounting for the COVID-19 period and a parole candidate’s elderly status. Data come from a U.S. state parole board’s written decisions issued between 2017 and 2022 for individuals sentenced to life with the possibility of parole. While logistic regression models showed COVID-19 and elderly status did not influence the likelihood of release, ordinary least squares (OLS) models found that having a hearing after the onset of the pandemic was significantly associated with shorter interval term lengths. The article concludes with implications for replicating similar studies to understand discretionary release outcomes.
Chemsex and Beyond: A Study of Factors Associated with Substance Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Southern Vietnam to Develop Informed HIV and STI Prevention and Intervention Programs
Authors: Vi Vu Thi Tuong , Van Tam Vo , Hong Le Huynh Thi Cam , Ngoc Nguyen Viet , Diep Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Trang Nguyen Nhu , Mulvey Kevin P. , Dung Do Van , Balhara Yatan Pal Singh
Published: August 2024

Background:

Amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use is a major public health concern among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in communities worldwide and in Vietnam.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 adult MSM and TGW from 9 community-based organizations in southern Vietnam from March to August 2019. Data on demographics, sexual behaviors, STIs, HIV infection, and substance use were collected with a self-administered questionnaire including the ASSIST tool. Blood and urine samples were collected for HIV and ATS testing.

Results:

The prevalence of lifetime ATS use in the previous three months was 50.5% and 49.4%, respectively. Multivariable analyses showed that ATS use was significantly associated with sex with a transactional partner (aOR [29] = 3.06, 95% CI = 2.13–4.39) who engaged in sex and got paid for it (aOR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.64–4.73), and purchasing sex (aOR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06–5.16). The role in sex with a partner with significant association was ‘insertive and receptive equally vs. insertive only’ (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14–2.76).

Conclusion:

ATS use is associated with many sexual behaviors that could be associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission among MSM and TGW populations.
Solution-focused Brief Psychological Intervention in Alteration of Compulsive Buying Behavior in an Individual with Compulsive Buying Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Shanbhag Trusha , Ghosh Debaleena , Lenka Priyanka
Published: August 2024

Background:

Compulsive buying (CB) presents itself with uncontrollable or excessive urges and preoccupations with behaviors related to spending money that have detrimental consequences. Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) can result in remorse and regret over purchases, guilt, shame, issues with finances, and interpersonal difficulties. Despite the growing understanding of the phenomenology of CBD, only some evidence-based therapies have been developed that cater to the concerns within a limited time frame.

Aim:

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy for CBD.

Methods:

This study explored compulsive buying behavior (CBB) and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of a single case intervention study of a 21-year-old male with a CBD. The patient was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale for Compulsive Buying (Y-BOCS). The data were collected at baseline, treatment termination, and follow-up. The intervention was initiated in October 2022 and continued for two weeks. The intervention was conducted in three phases: psychoeducation, goal setting, solution-building, and relapse prevention.

Results:

The data analysis showed a decrease in scores on CB between baseline (24), treatment termination (8), and one-year follow-up (4), indicating a significant reduction in the symptoms.

Conclusion:

The study results suggested the clinical relevance of solution-focused brief therapy for the treatment of CB in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Future studies are needed to develop therapy guidelines for solution-focused brief therapy as a medium of intervention for treating OCD. It is important to establish the effectiveness of a larger sample or case series on a clinically adequate sample size.
Comparative analysis of oxygenator dysfunction in polymethylpentene oxygenators: A pilot study
Authors: Modi Shan P. , D’Aloiso Brandon , Palmer Amber , Smith Stephanie , Arlia Peter , Anselmi Michael , Sanchez Pablo , Ramanan Raj
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Polymethylpentene (PMP) oxygenators serve as the primary oxygenator type utilized for ECMO. With the number of PMP oxygenators available, it has become increasingly important to determine differences among each oxygenator type that can lead to varying metrics of oxygenator dysfunction.

Methods

This study was a retrospective, single-center analysis of adult patients supported on ECMO between December 2020 to December 2021 with varying PMP oxygenators including the Medtronic Nautilus Smart (Minneapolis, MA), the Eurosets AMG PMP (Medolla, Italy) and Getinge Quadrox-iD and the Getinge Cardiohelp HLS Module Advanced System (Gothenberg, Sweden).

Results

A total of 19 patients were included in our study. 10 patients (52.6%) were supported with a Medtronic Nautilus Smart oxygenator, 5 patients (26.3%) were supported with an Eurosets AMG PMP Oxygenator, and 4 patients (21.1%) were supported with either a Getinge Quadrox-iD oxygenator or Getinge Cardiohelp HLS system. Patients supported with Eurosets AMG PMP oxygenators experienced higher resistance and lower post-oxygenator PaO2 in comparison to other cohorts ( p < .02 and < .002 respectively). There was no difference in measured oxygen transfer between cohorts ( p = .667). Two patients, both supported by Eurosets AMG PMP, experienced oxygenator failure ( p = .094).

Conclusion

Radial flow oxygenators are prone to higher resistance and lower post-oxygenator PaO2when compared to transverse flow oxygenators. Future larger multicenter studies are required to fully discern the differences between flow-varying polymethylpentene oxygenators and their appropriate cutoffs for oxygenator dysfunction.