bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Спонтанна і культурна флора території Національного наукового центру «Інститут бджільництва імені П.І. Прокоповича» (м. Київ)
Authors: Діденко В.І. , Куземко А.А. , Шиндер О.І.
Published: July 2024

На території Національного наукового центру «Інститут бджільництва імені П.І. Прокоповича» (м. Київ) протягом 2022–2023 років були проведені дослідження спонтанної і культурної флор. У їх складі виявлено 401 таксон (види, підвиди і гібриди), що належать до 73 родин. Аборигенна фракція досліджуваної флори включає 208 таксонів місцевих рослин із 47 родин; адвентивна – містить 73 чужорідні таксони із 27 родин. Культурну флору досліджуваної території представляють 137 таксонів із 42 родин. Серед адвентивних рослин переважають ксенофіти – 45 таксонів (61,6 %) і ергазіофігофіти – 28 таксонів (38,4 %). Відмічено високі показники акліматизації і схильності до спонтанного розмноження багатьох ергазіофітів. Для 28 культивованих рослин виявлено самосів, а 8 схильні до вегетативного розростання. У географічній структурі природної флори переважають широкоареальні таксони: голарктичні, євразійські, космополітні і палеоарктичні (61,6 %). Також наявні види бореальної, європейської, європейсько-сибірської груп (загалом 18,7 %). Виявлена велика частка збірної групи європейсько-субсередземноморських видів і повністю відсутні степові та субсередземноморські геоелементи. Згідно з географічним розподілом досліджена флора є типовою для лісової зони. Встановлено, що більшість адвентивних рослин за походженням є виходцями із субсередземноморського регіону, також досить велика їх частка є азійськими та американськими видами. За біоморфологічною структурою серед місцевих рослин переважають багаторічні трав’яні рослини, деревні становлять 15,8 %. Серед культивованих рослин на досліджуваній території домінують дерев’янисті біоморфи (55,2 %). Вперше комплексно визначено у складі спонтанної і культивованої локальної флори рослини з нектарною та пилковою активністю. Всього зареєстровано 119 (29,6 %) таксонів таких рослин.
An Untold Experience of Exile: New Archival Findings on Felice Brancacci
Authors: Pellegrino Deborah
Published: July 2024

The story of well-known patrician and merchant Felice Brancacci after his exile from Florence in 1435 has hitherto gone untold. This article offers the first scholarly analysis of newly uncovered letters, account books, and a will composed by Felice after his banishment. These documents convey Felice’s lived experience of exile, highlighting how he navigated his social, political, and commercial roles in central Italy by networking with merchants and elites as well as his sense of isolation and devastating loss. The study contributes to our understanding of the experiences of a remarkable number of political exiles from Florence, and from Italian city states more broadly, during the Renaissance.
PENGARUH BELANJA LANGSUNG DAN BELANJA TIDAK LANGSUNG TERHADAP KEMISKINAN
Authors: Eddy Winarso., S.E., M.Si., MBA., Ph.D., Ak., CA
Published: July 2024

Tujuan pembangunan adalah meningkatkan kinerja perekonomian untuk menciptakan kehidupan yang layan bagi seluruh rakyat menjadi sejahtera. Kemiskinan merupakan fenomena yang terjadi hampir disemua negara berkembang. Salah satu sarana pembangunan nasional adalah menurunkan jumlah penduduk miskin agar pertumbuhan ekonomi menjadi positif salah satu cara yaitu mengubah proposi belanja yang dialokasikan pada belanja langsung dan belanja tidak langsung agar tingkat kemiskinan menurun. Objek penelitian adalah pemerintah kabupaten / kata Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan jumlah sample 123 secara purposive diperoleh bahwa belanja langsung berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan sebesar -2,066, dan belanja tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap terhadap kemiskinan sebesar 6,524 dan serta secara bersamaan belanja langsung dan belanja tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap kemiskinan.
FILOSOFI RIDEO ERGO SUM: MEMAKNAI MANUSIA SEBAGAI MAKHLUK YANG TERTAWA (HOMO RIDENS)
Authors: Siswadi Gede Agus , Puspadewi I Dewa Ayu
Published: July 2024

The phrase rideo ergo sum or I laugh because I exist is a philosophy that has a very deep meaning. This is because only humans are able to laugh or are referred to as homo ridens while animals cannot. Although there are animal sounds that resemble laughter, they are not a form of laughter like in humans. Laughter is not a form of meaningless expression. Many things can be obtained by interpreting humans as homo ridens. This research uses library research method with Miles and Huberman analysis pattern. The results in this study are 1). Laughter is a form of authenticity from humans, humans need humor and laughter as an expression of the happiness they experience, humans are unique because humans are able to laugh (homo ridens) as their characteristic. 2). Laughter has a philosophy, because laughing is a form of freedom of expression, and laughter is a form of reality of human freedom. 3). Various things are obtained by humans as homo ridens, especially in the health, so that laughing yoga is a form of actualization of the homo ridens.
KESADARAN BERBUDI LUHUR DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL UNTUK MENGHINDARI TINDAKAN UJARAN KEBENCIAN MENURUT AGAMA HINDU
Authors: Arsana I Nyoman Alit , Purnawati Ni Wayan
Published: July 2024

Social Media has become an important part of people's lives amidst the development of information technology. The development of information technology, especially social media, has had many positive and negative impacts. The negative impact is hate speech. Technological advances give perpetrators influence in carrying out hate speech because of the availability of tools and facilities that are easy to obtain. These facilities include ease of obtaining a smartphone, multiple facilities or features, profile cloning. This convenience should be accompanied by legal awareness, especially the Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE) Law and having noble character. Hindu religious teachings which teach the creation of noble character and essentially everything is oriented towards fostering ethics and noble character.
Determination of MSMEs Business Feasibility Decisions using the Profile Matching Method
Authors: Maulidah Salsa Bila Jihan , Sudipa I Gede Iwan , Fittryani Yuri Prima , Widiartha Komang Kurniawan , Winatha Komang Redy
Published: July 2024

Micro and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Bali contribute to the local economy. When operating a business, it is crucial to evaluate the viability of MSME enterprises to enhance the calibre of business offerings and services. Nevertheless, the lack of competence to establish the parameters or criteria for evaluating the viability of a firm poses challenges for MSMEs in decision-making. This study presents a business feasibility assessment model utilising the Profile Matching method to aid in resolving issues and supporting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in making informed decisions for the long-term viability of their businesses. This study examines the feasibility of MSME businesses using the Profile Matching method. The method involves assessing 13 criteria and selecting from 10 alternatives. The process includes determining initial and target values, weighting criteria, grouping core and secondary factors, calculating total values, and ranking. The final results indicate which MSMEs are feasible and which ones require further evaluation. According to the calculations using the Profile Matching method, MSME 5 has a value of 27.80, indicating its feasibility.
Comparison of MAGIQ, MABAC, MARCOS, and MOORA Methods in Multi-Criteria Problems
Authors: Muni Gede Dharma Sahasra , Sudipa I Gede Iwan , Meinarni Ni Putu Suci , Wiguna I Komang Arya Ganda , Sandhiyasa I Made Subrata
Published: July 2024

Determining the best alternative from many criteria is one of the core problems in decision making, both routine and non-routine problems. One of them is in the problem of determining egg suppliers. Eggs are one of the basic needs of the community so that the demand for eggs is always increasing, this makes the emergence of many egg agents in distributing and fulfilling needs. Selective and careful selection is needed in order to get a supplier that meets the desired expectations. Problems then arise in the selection of egg suppliers that are not in accordance with the expectations of the manager. In determining egg suppliers that have been carried out by UD Taluh Subur, only by means of a simple comparison between several factors such as price, production quantity, and quality without considering other factors. In addition to this, business managers have limited knowledge in statistical and business decision making. To optimize the supplier selection process, a Decision Support System can be used to help provide recommendations for selecting prospective suppliers of fixed eggs. Based on the situation of decision makers who have limited knowledge in statistical decision making, the MAGIQ method is suitable for weighting. To provide a more accurate ranking, additional methods such as the MABAC, MARCOS, and MOORA methods are used. The purpose of this research is to focus on which method is most recommended for the case study faced in the research based on the analysis results of the sensitivity test. The results of the sensitivity test show that the MAGIQ-MABAC method has the highest value of 4.42737%, then the MAGIQ-MOORA method with a value of 2.34415% and the MAGIQ-MARCOS method with a value of 0.45729%.
Designing Claim Systems in Health Insurance Companies with Microservices and Event-Driven Architecture Approach
Authors: Sentosa Steve , Makmur Amelia , Santoso Handri
Published: July 2024

Through digital transformation, insurance companies, especially in the health sector, are increasingly adopting modern technologies to enhance efficiency and service quality. Health insurance allows individuals or families to mitigate the financial risks associated with high and unexpected medical expenses. One crucial area is insurance claim, where a fast and accurate process is key to customer satisfaction. This study proposes the design and architecture of an insurance claim system using a microservices and event-driven approach. This approach enables insurance companies to break down applications into separate components, facilitating scalability, flexibility, and easier maintenance. Additionally, with an event-driven approach, the system can quickly respond to changes and events in the business environment. A comprehensive analysis shows that implementing microservices and event-driven architecture in the insurance claim system can enhance overall system performance, scalability, and resilience. For insurance companies, adopting microservices and event-driven architecture can lead to increased operational efficiency, reduced time to market for new products, and improved customer experiences through faster claim processing. Policyholders will benefit from quicker claim resolutions and a more transparent and responsive claim process. This study provides valuable insights for health insurance companies looking to upgrade their IT infrastructure to meet future challenges. The findings from this research will be documented to support the development of insurance business technology, specifically for health insurance claims in Indonesia.
Investigating the Impacts of A Simulation-Based Learning Model Using Simulation Virtual Laboratory on Engineering Students
Authors: Hasan Hanapi , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Wulansari Rizky Ema , Maksum Hasan , Putri Tansa Trisna Astono
Published: July 2024

Considering electrical engineering students at Universitas Negeri Medan as a case study, this research looks at how an SVL affected their grades. Integrating the TAM with the ABET Laboratory Learning Objectives, it provides a comprehensive framework for quality engineering and technology education. This research is the first of its kind to theoretically compare the two concepts in a VL context. This research examines the relationship between student performance in the classroom and the TAM's usability components as well as the ABET's learning objectives. The results from the surveys given to first-year Electrical Engineering students are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS). Because it enhances student performance and satisfies their learning goals, the results demonstrate that utilizing simulation-based virtual laboratories (SVL) in engineering education offers substantial educational benefits.
Optimization Model for Relief Distribution After Flood Disaster
Authors: Pujiana Perli , Suwilo Saib , Mardiningsih Mardiningsih
Published: July 2024

Logistics planning is critical and a key component in meeting initial emergency needs in the aftermath of a disaster. The rapid and efficient distribution of logistical aid becomes critically important. In such situations, the construction of temporary depots in strategic locations and the determination of optimal distribution routes play an important role in ensuring that logistics aid can be distributed to the affected areas evenly. In this study, the Multi Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP) is used which aims to minimize the total cost of distributing logistics aid which includes shipping costs, vehicle usage costs, temporary depot construction costs, and vehicle travel costs from distribution centers to temporary depots, while still meeting constraints such as logistics aid demand, vehicle capacity, area visits, maximum mileage, and depot construction. This model uses two types of vehicles where vehicle  is tasked with carrying logistics aid from the distribution center to the temporary depot and vehicle  is tasked with delivering logistics aid directly to the point of demand.
Analysis of COVID-19 Virus Spread in Jakarta Using Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Muhtar Na'il Muta'aly , Gunawan Putu Harry
Published: July 2024

COVID-19, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, quickly spread worldwide and was declared a pandemic by WHO in March 2020. Indonesia reported its first case on March 2, 2020, and the pandemic has had a significant impact on the country's economic, social, and health sectors. This study aims to predict the death rate due to COVID-19 in Jakarta using multiple linear regression method. The dataset collected from Andra Farm - Go Green website includes COVID-19 cases recorded in all sub-districts in Jakarta on November 1, 2023. Pre-processing was performed to improve the quality and accuracy of the model. The method used was multiple linear regression. The analysis results show that variables such as total travel and discarded trip have a significant influence in predicting the number of positive cases. The study found that lowering the correlation threshold for selecting independent variables reduced the mean squared error (MSE) and improved model performance, highlighting the importance of variable selection in developing accurate predictive models. These findings provide important insights for the government in making informed decisions regarding post-pandemic healthcare. This research underscores the value of robust data processing and variable selection techniques in enhancing predictive accuracy for public health planning.
Deep Learning Approach for Traffic Congestion Sound Classification using Circular Neural Networks
Authors: Muthi Muhammad Ariq , Gunawan Putu Harry
Published: July 2024

Traffic congestion has become one of the main problems that occur in big cities around the world. Traffic congestion also has a negative impact if not handled seriously. Traffic congestion occurs because there is a buildup of vehicle volume that exceeds the capacity of the road. The efficiency and quality of living in cities can be negatively impacted by traffic congestion, which can also result in higher fuel consumption, pollution, and delays. There needs to be a method that can overcome and identify this. Therefore, by classifying sounds, this research aims to reduce traffic congestion. The author uses deep learning with the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method as the algorithm model. The model employs Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) as the primary feature extraction technique to capture the essential characteristics of the audio signals. This research is expected to be able to classify traffic congestion sounds with good accuracy, so it can be used as a solution to overcome traffic congestion. Experiments were conducted using a training dataset, and for testing, the road sound dataset has been collected at traffic light intersections. To evaluate the proposed method, the implementation showed promising results, achieving an accuracy of 97.62% on the training data and 88.19% on the test data in classifying traffic congestion sounds.
Sales Trend Analysis With Machine Learning Linear Regression Algorithm Method
Authors: Sipahutar Alwidahyani , Munthe Ibnu Rasyid , Juledi Angga Putra
Published: July 2024

The development of online business in Indonesia is now very rapid, with the process being done by ordering goods through resellers or distributors using one of the social media. Item purchases are made based on product information, prices, discounts and inventory quantities using a decision model. In the sales process, Toko Serbu Aek Batu usually releases several different items to be offered to the market at different prices, but not all items are in high demand. Multiple linear regression is an analysis that describes the relationship between dependent variables and factors that affect more than one independent variable. The purpose of this study is to analyze sales trends using a linear regression method using rapidminer. The results of this study are prediction calculations using manual calculations with rapidminer the same results, predicting the price desired by buyers using a linear regression algorithm with the original price is not much different and rapidminer is very accurate to be used in predicting sales trends at the price desired by customers, so that sellers can pay more attention to things that are very influential in the sales process.
Studi Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat terhadap Pengelolaan Hutan Adat Kampung Fategomi Distrik Aitinyo Utara Kabupaten Maybrat
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati , Syarif Ohorella  , Niny J. Maipauw  , Yulianus Yumame  , Nurhidaya  , Masniar  , Mardhiah Gani
Published: July 2024

Hutan adat merupakan hutan negara dengan sistem pengelolaan hutan yang bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat tanpa menggangu fungsi pokoknya. Tujuan pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah meningkatkan nilai ekonomi, nilai budaya, memberikan manfaat terhadap masyarakat pengelola dan masyarakat setempat. Hutan adat Kampung Fategomi Distrik Aitinyo Kabupaten Maybrat adalah hutan yang dikelola oleh kelompok masyarakat adat hutan Kampung Fategomi Hutan adat ini dikelola oleh masyarakat Fategomi Distrik Aitinyo Kabupaten Maybrat yang bertujuan melestarikan hutan adat. Kelompok masyarakat tersebut tergabung dalam kelompok tani hutan yang diberi nama Kelompok masyarakat adat kampung fategomi yang memiliki anggota sebanyak 25 orang. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Fategomi Distrik Aitinyo Utara Kabupaten Maybrat selama 2 bulan yakni bulan Maret-April 2023, Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik survey dan wawancara interview yang telah disediakan Quisioner dan disiapkan topik-topik pertanyaan kunci (key quistion). Berdasarka hasil dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari 12 variabel berada pada skala baik dengan rata-rata 2.84, ini menunjukkan variabel yang dipertanyakan menunjukkan persepsi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sumberdaya hutan yang dilakukan di hutan adat Kampung Fategomi Sangat Setuju /Sangat Mengetahui/Sangat Perlu/Sangat Berperan/Sangat tergantung/sangat Bermanfaat, Secara umum memenuhi standar pada variabel yaitu pandangan masyarakat tentang Keberadaan hutan adat Kampung Fategomi, Perkembangan Hutan Adat, Pelibatan dalam pengelolaan dan pemeliharaan  hutan adat, Penerapan pola pertanian dalam hutan adat
Bringing clinical research to patients
Authors:   , van Rijssel Tessa Ivonne
Published: July 2024

Clinical trials with human participants are essential for determining the efficacy and safety of novel drugs and medical treatments. The development of novel drugs and treatments through various phases of clinical trials is a lengthy and complex process. Several aspects of current clinical trial practices are hindered by scientific and operational obstacles, such as issues with recruitment and retention and the limited generalizability of results. Decentralized clinical trials (DCTs) have been introduced as a potential solution to these obstacles. DCTs are an operational approach that employ technologies and other innovative approaches to conduct trial activities in participants' usual surroundings, rather than at traditional research sites. The use of decentralized approaches potentially lowers the burden of clinical trial participation, as participants do not have to travel to a research site. DCTs also contribute to more generalizable data by collecting information in participants' usual circumstances. However, the adoption of fully decentralized trials faces regulatory and ethical challenges, as these trial approaches are new to the system of ethical and regulatory oversight. This dissertation first examines the perspectives of members of regulatory bodies, such as research ethics committees and national competent authorities, on DCTs. These regulators foresee several advantages of DCTs, but also additional risks and challenges, including maintaining safety and potential impacts on the researcher-participant relationship. The second part of the dissertation analyzes the impact of DCTs on various research ethics aspects. Several ethical issues are explored in detail, such as the impact of decentralized approaches on informed consent processes. Moreover, the role of DCTs' benefits in risk-benefit assessments is examined. Finally, diversity and fair participant selection are analyzed in the context of decentralized trials. To conclude, DCTs hold important promises to improve the conduct of clinical research, in both scientific and operational regard, and in particular also for trial participants. At the same time, the findings in this dissertation suggest that realizing these promises in practice is not self-evident and requires concerted effort from multiple stakeholders to steer these novel practices in a desirable direction, ultimately advancing and optimizing drug development.
Extensive Left Sided Venous Thrombi and Bilateral Pulmonary Emboli in the Context of May-Thurner Syndrome for a Patient Presenting with Acute Flank Pain: A Case Report
Authors: Scadding Sasha , Ramoutar Deven
Published: July 2024

May-Thurner syndrome is an underappreciated differential in the context of deep venous thrombosis. It is a symptomatic congenital abnormality resulting from compression of the left common iliac vein, sometimes also referred to as iliac vein compression syndrome in the literature. This case reports the presentation of a female with acute flank pain to the emergency department following a recent laparotomy for a complicated tubo-ovarian abscess. She was subsequently diagnosed with a sub-acute thrombus extending from the left common femoral vein into the left inferior vena cava, as well as new bilateral pulmonary emboli. As the patient had relative contraindications to thrombolysis, a shared decision was made with the vascular team to opt for conservative management only. In this instance, this included long-term oral anticoagulant therapy and compression stockings. This case asserts that clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for May-Thurner syndrome in the context of extensive left-sided thrombus formation.
Efficacy of netakimab in patients with psoriasis and disease duration up to 1 year: implementation of a strategy for early prescription of genetic engineering biological therapy
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Pereverzina N. O. , Rudneva N. S.
Published: July 2024

Currently, in actual clinical practice, there is an increasing consensus that early administration of a biologically active drug not only prevents the progression of the pathological process in the skin, but also prevents the development of psoriatic arthritis, and also has a beneficial effect on comorbid pathologies and complications associated with systemic inflammation. Early treatment can modify the course of the disease and prevent not only the development of severe forms and disability, but also stop the progression of psoriasis, taking into account all stages of pathogenesis. In this aspect, the prescription of IL-17A blockers is justified.

Material and methods. The study included a total of 16 patients aged 18–35 years with a period of manifestation of skin psoriasis <1 year, who received netakimab at a dosage of 120 mg subcutaneously at 0, 1, 2 weeks and then 120 mg every month for 52 weeks.

Results. By week 4, 68.75% (n=11) of patients achieved PASI 75, 37.5 % (n=6) PASI90 and 18.75% (n=3) PASI100. By week 8, delta PASI75 was observed in 87.5% (n=14) of patients, 68.75% (n=11) – PASI90 and 50% (n=8) – PASI100. By week 24, 100% (n=16) of patients achieved PASI75,

81.25% (n=13) – PASI90 and 68.75% (n=11) – PASI100. By week 52, PASI75 delta was observed in 100% (n=16) patients, 100% (n=16) had PASI90 and 87.5% (n=14) had PASI100.

Conclusions. Patients with a shorter duration of the disease (up to 1 year) during netakimab therapy achieve PASI75, PASI90, PASI100 in a shorter time (comparison with clinical trial data). In the presence of factors for the aggressive course of psoriasis (rapid progression of the process, widespread process upon manifestation, lack of effect from topical therapy, constantly progressive course, risk factors for PsA, subclinical course of PsA), early prescription of genetic engineering biological therapy (netakimab) should be considered as the most appropriate strategy.
Modern approaches to acne therapy: review of clinical recommendations and analysis of clinical cases
Authors: Kruglova L. S. , Gryazeva N. V.
Published: July 2024

This article provides an overview of modern guidelines for acne treatment. The issues of prescribing both topical and systemic acne therapy are discussed. Particular attention is paid to systemic isotretinoin therapy. Clinical examples of the use of the drug Erase for acne of moderate and severe severity are discussed.
Complications after liposuction: current state of the problem (literature review)
Authors: Maitesyan L. A.
Published: July 2024

The variety of body shape correction techniques based on liposuction and currently used in plastic surgery is largely due to the desire to achieve the greatest possible cosmetic effect and, at the same time, minimize the possible negative consequences of invasive intervention. The choice of a specific method depends on a number of factors, among which are the treatment plan agreed with the patient, the individual characteristics of the patient being operated on, the presence or absence of medical contraindications to the use of certain techniques, the qualifications of the personnel, the level of material equipment of the operating unit. Liposuction is the aspiration of fat from subcutaneous tissue. It can be used for aesthetic lipoplasty or combined with body contouring surgery. The article is of a review nature and contains modern data on the medical effects of liposuction, VASER (Vibration Amplification of Sound Energy at Resonance) and PAL (Power Assisted Liposuction) techniques, and possible complications after liposuction.
Penyuluhan Pengembangan Karakter Anak Usia Dini Melalui Literasi Keuangan Dan Aspek Lingkungan Pada Guru Di TK/SD Islam Restu Ibu Di Kecamatan Sukun, Kota Malang
Authors: Yuliarini Sarah , Purwitasari Fadilla , Ariska Ricky Angga
Published: July 2024

Literasi aspek lingkungan dan keuangan perlu ditanamkan pada anak sejak usia dini adalah untuk mendukung sekolah dalam bertransformasi dari kurikulum 2013 ke Merdeka Belajar dan model pola asuh (parenting) terkait konsumsi sumber daya karena dua hal ini merupakan dua keping uang yang saling berkaitan, efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya (energi dan air), dampak lingkungan pada alokasi keuangan rumah tangga. Dampak pola asuh yang kurang lengkap terkait dua hal di atas menyebabkan kurang percaya diri individu dalam perencanaan keuangan pada saat dewasa dan kurang sensitif terhadap lingkungan hidupnya. Tujuan penyuluhan literasi pada anak-anak tingkat TK dan SD untuk penunjang pengembangan kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Tingkat TK dan SD mencakup kompetensi dan karakter.
Glial scarring around intra-cortical MEA implants with flexible and free microwires inserted using biodegradable PLGA needles
Authors: Darlot Fannie , Villard Paul , Salam Lara Abdel , Rousseau Lionel , Piret Gaëlle
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Many invasive and noninvasive neurotechnologies are being developed to help treat neurological pathologies and disorders. Making a brain implant safe, stable, and efficient in the long run is one of the requirements to conform with neuroethics and overcome limitations for numerous promising neural treatments. A main limitation is low biocompatibility, characterized by the damage implants create in brain tissue and their low adhesion to it. This damage is partly linked to friction over time due to the mechanical mismatch between the soft brain tissue and the more rigid wires.

Methods: Here, we performed a short biocompatibility assessment of bio-inspired intra-cortical implants named “Neurosnooper” made of a microelectrode array consisting of a thin, flexible polymer–metal–polymer stack with microwires that mimic axons. Implants were assembled into poly-lactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) biodegradable needles for their intra-cortical implantation.

Results and Discussion: The study of glial scars around implants, at 7 days and 2 months post-implantation, revealed a good adhesion between the brain tissue and implant wires and a low glial scar thickness. The lowest corresponds to electrode wires with a section size of 8 μm × 10 μm, compared to implants with the 8 μm × 50 μm electrode wire section size, and a straight shape appears to be better than a zigzag. Therefore, in addition to flexibility, size and shape parameters are important when designing electrode wires for the next generation of clinical intra-cortical implants.
Biliary atresia: the role of gut microbiome, and microbial metabolites
Authors: Feng Sansan , Cheng Yongkang , Sheng Chuqiao , Yang Chunfeng , Li Yumei
Published: July 2024

Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease affecting both the extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts, potentially leading to chronic cholestasis and biliary cirrhosis. Despite its prevalence, the exact mechanisms behind BA development remain incompletely understood. Recent research suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites may play significant roles in BA development. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the changing characteristics of gut microbiota and their metabolites at different stages of BA in children. It discusses their influence on the host’s inflammatory response, immune system, and bile acid metabolism. The review also explores the potential of gut microbiota and metabolites as a therapeutic target for BA, with interventions like butyrate and gut microbiota preparations showing promise in alleviating BA symptoms. While progress has been made, further research is necessary to untangle the complex interactions between gut microbiota and BA, paving the way for more effective prevention and treatment strategies for this challenging condition.
Genome composition-based deep learning predicts oncogenic potential of HPVs
Authors: Hao Lin , Jiang Yu , Zhang Can , Han Pengfei
Published: July 2024

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) account for more than 30% of cancer cases, with definite identification of the oncogenic role of viral E6 and E7 genes. However, the identification of high-risk HPV genotypes has largely relied on lagged biological exploration and clinical observation, with types unclassified and oncogenicity unknown for many HPVs. In the present study, we retrieved and cleaned HPV sequence records with high quality and analyzed their genomic compositional traits of dinucleotide (DNT) and DNT representation (DCR) to overview the distribution difference among various types of HPVs. Then, a deep learning model was built to predict the oncogenic potential of all HPVs based on E6 and E7 genes. Our results showed that the main three groups of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma HPVs were clearly separated between/among types in the DCR trait for either E6 or E7 coding sequence (CDS) and were clustered within the same group. Moreover, the DCR data of either E6 or E7 were learnable with a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. Either CNN classifier predicted accurately the oncogenicity label of high and low oncogenic HPVs. In summary, the compositional traits of HPV oncogenicity-related genes E6 and E7 were much different between the high and low oncogenic HPVs, and the compositional trait of the DCR-based deep learning classifier predicted the oncogenic phenotype accurately of HPVs. The trained predictor in this study will facilitate the identification of HPV oncogenicity, particularly for those HPVs without clear genotype or phenotype.
Does septum resection improve reproductive outcomes for women with a septate uterus? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Chang , Liao Zhiqi , Gong Xueqi , Chen Yinwei
Published: July 2024

Objective

To investigate whether incising the septum facilitates reproductive outcomes for patients with a septate uterus compared to expectant management.

Methods

Research was retrieved from three electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with no time or language restrictions. Two authors independently selected the articles and extracted data regarding study characteristics, quality, and results. A random-effects model was employed, and summary risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

Results

A total of 468 patients from two randomized controlled trials and one cohort study were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled results showed that septum resection did not improve the live birth rate for patients with a septate uterus (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.56 – 1.25, P = 0.39). Additionally, no significant differences were found between the septum resection and expectant management groups in terms of clinical pregnancy (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.81 – 1.44, P = 0.60), abortion (RR = 1.99, 95% CI 0.80 – 4.98, P = 0.14), and preterm delivery rates (RR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.42 – 2.31, P = 0.98).

Conclusion

Our data provide clear evidence that septum resection does not improve the reproductive outcomes of patients with a septate uterus. These findings might be useful for revising current clinical guidelines.
Short-term wind power prediction and uncertainty analysis based on VDM-TCN and EM-GMM
Authors: Peng Bo , Zuo Jing , Li Yaodong , Gong Xianfu , Huan Jiajia , Liu Ruoping
Published: July 2024

Due to the fluctuating and intermittent nature of wind energy, its prediction is uncertain. Hence, this paper suggests a method for predicting wind power in the short term and analyzing uncertainty using the VDM-TCN approach. This method first uses Variational Mode Decomposition (VDM) to process the data, and then utilizes the temporal characteristics of Temporal Convolutional Neural Network (TCN) to learn and predict the dataset after VDM processing. Through comparative experiments, we found that VDM-TCN performs the best in short-term wind power prediction. In wind power prediction for 4-h and 24-h horizons, the RMSE errors were 1.499% and 4.4518% respectively, demonstrating the superiority of VDM-TCN. Meanwhile, the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) can effectively quantify the uncertainty of wind power generation at different time scales.
Cluster dynamics study on nano damage of RPV steels under proton irradiation at 290°C
Authors: Wan Qiangmao , Shu Guogang , Tang Jiaxuan , Pang Jianjun , Chen Lisha , Wang Duan , Lin Hui , Ding Hui
Published: July 2024

Irradiation-induced defects such as dislocation loops, cavities or solute clusters and chemical composition segregation of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel are the root causes of irradiation embrittlement. Combining two nucleation mechanisms, namely, the uniform nucleation and non-uniform nucleation of solute clusters (such as Cu-rich phase), a cluster kinetic simulation was established based on the reaction rate theory, and the co-evolution of matrix damage and Cu-rich phase in low-copper RPV steel was simulated under irradiation. And the average size and number density of defective clusters and solute clusters were established with irradiation dose. Compared with the average size and number density of dislocation loops observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of proton irradiated RPV steel at 290°C, the verification results show that the cluster dynamics model considering both the nucleation mechanism of interstitial dislocation loops and vacancy clusters can well simulate the irradiation damage behavior of materials.
Cleaner gobies can solve a biological market task when the correct cue is larger
Authors: Ranucci Maddalena , Court Melanie , Pereira Beatriz P. , Romeo Daniele , Paula José Ricardo
Published: July 2024

Animal cognition is deeply influenced by interactions with the environment. A notable example of sophisticated cognition in the animal kingdom is described by the mutualistic relationship between cleaner fish and clients, where decision-making processes play a pivotal role in partner choice and fish survival. In this context, while extensive research has explored the cognition of the cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, it is important to note that studies on the cognition of other wrasse species and on its Caribbean counterparts, Elacatinus spp., are limited. Therefore, to extend our comprehension of cognition in cleaner fish with different evolutionary backgrounds, it is important to focus our attention on the genus Elacatinus spp. In this study, we used plexiglass plates as surrogates for clients and assessed the ability of cleaner gobies, Elacatinus oceanops, to solve a biological market task where prioritizing an ephemeral food plate over a permanent one would double the food reward. We varied cue-based decision-making using both ecologically relevant cues (plate, size, and color) and non-relevant ones (presentation side). Additionally, we tested their capacity for reversal learning, an indicator of complex cognitive abilities. Notably, cleaner gobies were able to solve the biological markets task when the distinguishing cue was a larger plate size. Given that these gobies tend to prioritize larger predatory clients in nature, our results align with their natural inclination. Consequently, further research, including studies involving wild individuals, is essential to elucidate the cognitive abilities of the studied species and their implications in the ecological context and evolutionary history.
Enhancement of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by linking factor-H derived short consensus repeats 19-20 to CD20 antibodies
Authors: Prantl Lena , Heider Philipp , Bergmeister Lisa , Calana Katharina , Bohn Jan-Paul , Wolf Dominik , Banki Zoltan , Bosch Andreas , Plach Maximilian , Huber Georg , Schrödel Silke , Thirion Christian , Stoiber Heribert
Published: July 2024

Antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) on malignant cells is regulated by several complement control proteins, including the inhibitory complement factor H (fH). fH consists of 20 short consensus repeat elements (SCRs) with specific functional domains. Previous research revealed that the fH-derived SCRs 19–20 (SCR1920) can displace full-length fH on the surface of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells, which sensitizes CLL cells for e.g. CD20-targeting therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) induced CDC. Therefore, we constructed lentiviral vectors for the generation of cell lines that stably produce mAb-SCR-fusion variants starting from the clinically approved parental mAbs rituximab, obinutuzumab and ofatumumab, respectively. Flow-cytometry revealed that the modification of the mAbs by the SCRs does not impair the binding to CD20. Increased in vitro lysis potency compared to their parental mAbs was corroborated by showing specific and dose dependent target cell elimination by CDC when compared to their parental mAbs. Lysis of CLL cells was not affected by the depletion of NK cells, suggesting that antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity plays a minor role in this context. Overall, this study emphasizes the crucial role of CDC in the elimination of CLL cells by mAbs and introduces a novel approach for enhancing CDC by directly fusing fH SCR1920 with mAbs.
Research progress of T cell autophagy in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Zhao Xingxing , Ma Dan , Yang Baoqi , Wang Yajing , Zhang Liyun
Published: July 2024

T cells, as a major lymphocyte population involved in the adaptive immune response, play an important immunomodulatory role in the early stages of autoimmune diseases. Autophagy is a cellular catabolism mediated by lysosomes. Autophagy maintains cell homeostasis by recycling degraded cytoplasmic components and damaged organelles. Autophagy has a protective effect on cells and plays an important role in regulating T cell development, activation, proliferation and differentiation. Autophagy mediates the participation of T cells in the acquired immune response and plays a key role in antigen processing as well as in the maintenance of T cell homeostasis. In autoimmune diseases, dysregulated autophagy of T cells largely influences the pathological changes. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how T cells play a role in the immune mechanism of autoimmune diseases through autophagy pathway to guide the clinical treatment of diseases.
Targeting mitochondrial damage: shining a new light on immunotherapy
Authors: Zeng Wenjuan , Wang Menghui , Zhang Yuxin , Zhou Taicheng , Zong Zhen
Published: July 2024

Mitochondrial damage has a particular impact on the immune system and tumor microenvironment, which can trigger cell stress, an inflammatory response, and disrupt immune cell function, thus all of which can accelerate the progression of the tumor. Therefore, it is of essence to comprehend how the immune system function and the tumor microenvironment interact with mitochondrial dysfunction for cancer treatment. Preserving the integrity of mitochondria or regulating the function of immune cells, such as macrophages, may enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy. Future research should concentrate on the interactions among mitochondria, the immune system, and the tumor microenvironment to identify new therapeutic strategies.
Genome-wide transcription response of Staphylococcus epidermidis to heat shock and medically relevant glucose levels
Authors: Benjamin Kaisha N. , Goyal Aditi , Nair Ramesh V. , Endy Drew
Published: July 2024

Skin serves as both barrier and interface between body and environment. Skin microbes are intermediaries evolved to respond, transduce, or act in response to changing environmental or physiological conditions. We quantified genome-wide changes in gene expression levels for one abundant skin commensal, Staphylococcus epidermidis, in response to an internal physiological signal, glucose levels, and an external environmental signal, temperature. We found 85 of 2,354 genes change up to ~34-fold in response to medically relevant changes in glucose concentration (0–17 mM; adj p ≤0.05). We observed carbon catabolite repression in response to a range of glucose spikes, as well as upregulation of genes involved in glucose utilization in response to persistent glucose. We observed 366 differentially expressed genes in response to a physiologically relevant change in temperature (37–45°C; adj p ≤ 0.05) and an S. epidermidis heat-shock response that mostly resembles the heat-shock response of related staphylococcal species. DNA motif analysis revealed CtsR and CIRCE operator sequences arranged in tandem upstream of dnaK and groESL operons. We identified and curated 38 glucose-responsive genes as candidate ON or OFF switches for use in controlling synthetic genetic systems. Such systems might be used to instrument the in-situ skin microbiome or help control microbes bioengineered to serve as embedded diagnostics, monitoring, or treatment platforms.
Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis reveals the mechanism of Tangbi capsule for diabetic lower extremities arterial disease
Authors: Luo Ye-hao , Wang Da-wei , Yao Jia , Hu Yue , Zhao Ling , Wen Jian-xuan , Zhang Jin-ming , Wu Lu-Lu , Fan Guan-jie , Song Wei
Published: July 2024

Objective

Tangbi capsule (TBC) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which has the potential to improve the vascular insufficiency of lower extremities and limb numbness in diabetes. However, the potential mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the pharmacological effects and mechanism of TBC on rats with diabetic lower extremities arterial disease (LEAD).

Methods

The mechanism of TBC on diabetic LEAD was investigated through metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis, and the main components of TBC were determined by mass spectrometry. The efficacy and mechanism of TBC on diabetic LEAD rats were investigated through in vitro experiments, histopathology, blood flow monitoring, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results

Mass spectrometry analysis identified 31 active chemical components in TBC including (2R)-2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid, catechin, citric acid, miquelianin, carminic acid, salicylic acid, formononetin, etc. In vitro analysis showed that TBC could reduce endothelial cell apoptosis and promote angiogenesis. Histopathological analysis showed that TBC led to an obvious improvement in diabetic LEAD as it improved fibrous tissue proliferation and reduced arterial wall thickening. In addition, TBC could significantly increase the expression levels of HIF-1α, eNOS, and VEGFA proteins and genes while reducing that of calpain-1 and TGF-β, suggesting that TBC can repair vascular injury. Compared with the model group, there were 47 differentially expressed genes in the whole blood of TBC groups, with 25 genes upregulated and 22 downregulated. Eighty-seven altered metabolites were identified from the serum samples. Combining the changes in differentially expressed genes and metabolites, we found that TBC could regulate arginine biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and other metabolic pathways related to angiogenesis, immune-inflammatory response, and cell growth to improve diabetic LEAD.

Conclusion

TBC improved vascular endothelial injury, apoptosis, lipid accumulation, liver and kidney function, and restored blood flow in the lower extremities of diabetic LEAD rats. The mechanism of TBC in the treatment of diabetic LEAD may be related to the modulation of inflammatory immunity, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. This study presented preliminary evidence to guide the use of TBC as a therapy option for diabetic LEAD.