bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AOP in Water by Means of a DBD Conducted in a Coaxial Reactor
Authors: Rodríguez-Méndez B. G. , Mercado-Cabrera A. , López-Callejas R. , Peña-Eguiluz R. , Valencia-Alvarado R. , Barocio S. R. , Piedad-Beneitez A. de la , Benítez-Read J. S. , Pacheco-Sotelo J. O.
Published: December 2016

The design and construction of a system consisting of a dielectric barrier cell and the electronic instrumentation intended to generate pulsed discharges at atmospheric pressure in water is showed in this paper. Also, the experimental results from the developed advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are presented. Demineralised water with a conductivity of 5 μS/cm was used in all tests and a non-thermal plasma is produced between two concentric electrodes in a coaxial configuration by applying high voltage pulses which amplitude can be adjusted from 0 to 30 kV. The propagation of the streamers was characterized by means of the obtained waveforms of voltage and current. The concentration of the ozone generated by the discharges was monitored allowing, in this way, to carry out an analysis of the AOPs, and optic spectroscopy was used to study the discharge parameters involved in such a process.
Modelling Approach to Fenton and Photo-Fenton Treatments
Authors: Pérez-Moya M. , Graells M. , Buenestado P. , Gutiérrez E. , Galindo J. , Mansilla H.D.
Published: December 2016

Fenton, Fenton-Like and Photo-Fenton processes were revealed effective in the mineralization of 4-chlorophenol, 4-CP. Experiments for the Fenton photo-assisted degradation of 4-CP were planned under the Design of Experiments (DOE) scheme. Results show that for the lowest 4-CP concentration (74 mg·L
The effect of strain amount on corrosion behavior of EDDQ steel sheet
Authors: Brezinová J. , Slota J. , Tomáš M. , Koncz J.
Published: December 2016

This paper presents the results of research aimed to measuring the corrosion properties of EDDQ steel sheet. The strain amount influence to the corrosion properties of the steel sheet for drawn parts has been proven by the modern methods of corrosion monitoring such as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Corrosion rate was assessed using electrochemical methods in 0.1 M solution of NaCl. Experimental studies have pointed out if strain amount increases the corrosion rate of the steel sheet increases too.
Risikomanagement in medizinisch-diagnostischen Laboratorien
Authors: Holschbach-Bussian Katharina
Published: December 2016

Die Verbesserung von Prozessen und Ergebnisqualität in medizinisch-diagnostischen Laboratorien konzentriert sich immer stärker auf das wesentliche Ziel, durch genaue, reproduzierbare und stabile Messung und Analyse valide Ergebnisse bereit zu stellen. Laborergebnisse liefern wesentliche Informationen für die Diagnose oder über den Verlauf einer Krankheit. Risikobewertungen dienen der Schwachstellenanalyse im diagnostischen Laboratorium. Das Konzept des Risikomanagements (RM) für die medizinisch analytischen Laboratorien sieht vor, alle kritischen Verfahrensabläufe hinsichtlich ihres Risikos systematisch zu bewerten. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Orientierung zur Einführung eines RM-Systems im klinisch diagnostischen Laboratorium dar.
Moving event and moving participant in aspectual conceptions
Authors: Izutsu Katsunobu
Published: December 2016

This study advances an analysis of the event conception of aspectual forms in four East Asian languages: Ainu, Japanese, Korean, and Ryukyuan. As earlier studies point out, event conceptions can be divided into two major types: the moving-event type and the moving-participant type, respectively. All aspectual forms in Ainu and Korean, and most forms in Japanese and Ryukyuan are based on that type of event conception. Moving-participant oriented Ainu and movingevent oriented Japanese occupy two extremes, between which Korean and Ryukyuan stand. Notwithstanding the geographical relationships among the four languages, Ryukyuan is closer to Ainu than to Korean, whereas Korean is closer to Ainu than to Japanese.
The elusive ellipsis – the complex history of a vague grammatical concept in need of empirical grounding
Authors: Menzel Katrin
Published: December 2016

This paper reports a part of the larger corpus-based study, which investigates English- German contrasts in text cohesion and discourse organisation. It has its focus on ellipsis-antecedent-relations that contribute to the cohesiveness of texts. The present work is intended to contribute to the development of a discourse-oriented contrastive grammar on the English-German language pair with relevance to theoretical and applied linguistics, translation studies and foreign language pedagogy.
On the rare species Amphinectomys savamis Malygin 1994 (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): new record and morphological considerations
Authors: de Almeida Chiquito Elisandra , Percequillo Alexandre Reis
Published: December 2016

Sorting specimens at the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, we recovered a presumable specimen of
Continuum dynamics and the electromagnetic field in the scalar ether theory of gravitation
Authors: Arminjon Mayeul
Published: December 2016

An alternative, scalar theory of gravitation has been proposed, based on a mechanism/interpretation of gravity as being a pressure force: Archimedes’ thrust. In it, the gravitational field affects the physical standards of space and time, but motion is governed by an extension of the relativistic form of Newton’s second law. This implies Einstein’s geodesic motion for free particles only in a constant gravitational field. In this work, equations governing the dynamics of a continuous medium subjected to gravitational and non-gravitational forces are derived. Then, the case where the non-gravitational force is the Lorentz force is investigated. The gravitational modification of Maxwell’s equations is obtained under the requirement that a charged continuous medium, subjected to the Lorentz force, obeys the equation derived for continuum dynamics under external forces. These Maxwell equations are shown to be consistent with the dynamics of a “free” photon, and thus with the geometrical optics of this theory. However, these equations do not imply local charge conservation, except for a constant gravitational field.
Susceptibility of hornbeam and Scots pine woods to destruction by the subterranean termite Reticulitermes lucifugus ROSSI, 1792 (Blattodea: Isoptera)
Authors: Krajewski Adam , Witomski Piotr , Kotarbiński Szymon
Published: December 2016

The article presents the results of tests of the degree of damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) woods by the termite Reticulitermes lucifugus. Both wood species are classified as “susceptible to destruction by termites” in the EN 350-2:2000 standard. The procedures described in the ASTM D 3345-08 standard (2009) were applied in the experiments. During laboratory coercion tests, wood samples from these two species were damaged to a degree between light attack and moderate attack with penetration. Recent Scots pine sapwood was damaged to a heavy degree. The results can be associated with the much higher density of hornbeam wood as compared to Scots pine sapwood. The mortality rate of the termites in the test containers with both wood species was similar and low, no greater than 10%. In the light of the results, the classification of the susceptibility of native wood species to termite feeding, as stated in the EN 350-2:2000 standard, appears to be oversimplified.
Styles of coping and the level of dogmatism in utterance texts as an indicator of anxiety in situations of social exposure
Authors: Zinczuk-Zielazna Joanna , Obrębska Monika
Published: December 2016

A study was carried out involving persons representing high-anxious, low-anxious and repressor types according to the classification of Weinberger, Davidson & Schwartz (1979), selected using the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale and the trait anxiety scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. In seeking indicators of anxiety in repressors and high-anxious groups, the authors decided to analyse the level of dogmatism observed in utterance texts. The research was intended to determine whether styles of coping with threatening stimuli condition the level of dogmatism, which was regarded as a cognitive defence mechanism against anxiety. The method of formal analysis of texts (speeches given by the participants in a situation of social exposure) was used to identify their level of dogmatism, measured using the Dogmatism Quotient developed by Ertel. The highest value of the Dogmatism Quotient was recorded for repressors, and the lowest for the low-anxious subjects; a similar pattern was also observed for certain particular dimensions of dogmatism. Statistically significant differences in the level of dogmatism were found between the repressor and lowanxious groups and between the high-anxious and low-anxious groups. The study confirmed the previously discovered pattern whereby repressors exhibit more similarities to high-anxious than to low-anxious persons.
Theoretical and experimental studies on hazard analysis of LPG/LNG release: a review
Authors: Bariha Nilambar , Srivastava Vimal Chandra , Mishra Indra Mani
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the failure and associated hazards of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and natural gas (NG) vessels during handling, storage, and transport. The leakage of LPG and NG from the vessels creates major hazards with the loss of containment. In case of fire, an extensive damage to the property (such as building and plants) and the population also occurs. This review is focused on several areas where the work done in the literature is scarce and missing, such as the failure modes of LPG or NG vessels during storage and transport and the estimation of the amount of the leakage and ignition time during these situations. This paper describes the different possible events such as jet fire, fireball, and vapor cloud explosion (VCE) and their mechanisms and the blast effects on the population or the environment. In this paper, all the experimental studies on pool fire, jet fire, boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion, and VCE associated with LPG/LNG have been analyzed. Moreover, modeling approaches and their corresponding equations, computational fluid dynamic approaches, and software used have also been reviewed.
Metal contamination in environmental media in residential areas around Romanian mining sites
Authors: Neamtiu Iulia A. , Al-Abed Souhail R. , McKernan John L. , Baciu Calin L. , Gurzau Eugen S. , Pogacean Anca O. , Bessler Scott M.
Published: December 2016

Hard-rock mining for metals, such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, iron and others, is recognized to have a significant impact on the environmental media, soil and water, in particular. Toxic contaminants released from mine waste to surface water and groundwater is the primary concern, but human exposure to soil contaminants either directly, via inhalation of airborne dust particles, or indirectly, via food chain (ingestion of animal products and/or vegetables grown in contaminated areas), is also, significant. In this research, we analyzed data collected in 2007, as part of a larger environmental study performed in the Rosia Montana area in Transylvania, to provide the Romanian governmental authorities with data on the levels of metal contamination in environmental media from this historical mining area. The data were also considered in policy decision to address mining-related environmental concerns in the area. We examined soil and water data collected from residential areas near the mining sites to determine relationships among metals analyzed in these different environmental media, using the correlation procedure in the SAS statistical software. Results for residential soil and water analysis indicate that the average values for arsenic (As) (85 mg/kg), cadmium (Cd) (3.2 mg/kg), mercury (Hg) (2.3 mg/kg) and lead (Pb) (92 mg/kg) exceeded the Romanian regulatory exposure levels [the intervention thresholds for residential soil in case of As (25 mg/kg) and Hg (2 mg/kg), and the alert thresholds in case of Pb (50 mg/kg) and Cd (3 mg/kg)]. Average metal concentrations in drinking water did not exceed the maximum contaminant level (MCL) imposed by the Romanian legislation, but high metal concentrations were found in surface water from Rosia creek, downstream from the former mining area.
Quantum Distribution of a Sudoku Key
Authors: Jones Sian K.
Published: December 2016

Sudoku grids are often cited as being useful in cryptography as a key for some encryption process. Historically transporting keys over an alternate channel has been very difficult. This article describes how a Sudoku grid key can be secretly transported using quantum key distribution methods whereby partial grid (or puzzle) can be received and the full key can be recreated by solving the puzzle.
Theoretical and Practical Issues in Business Valuation
Authors: Turcas Florin , Dumiter Florin , Brezeanu Petre , Jimon Stefania
Published: December 2016

Business valuation is dealing with a series of difficulties, legislative and/or normative inaccuracies, as well as problems related to divergent results obtained by standard approaches. This material is synthesizing some of these problems, highlighting possible research directions. Each of the standard approaches is investigated, theoretically and practically analyzed, and the conclusions constitute a basis for developing new theories in the field of valuation.
Globalisation, Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment in Romania
Authors: Dima Stela
Published: December 2016

The paper analyses the trend of globalisation, trade openness and foreign direct investments (FDI) in Romania and the link between them in the last 25 years. Data from UNCTAD, World Bank and KOF globalisation index were used in econometrical models testing the link between globalisation, trade openness and foreign direct investment. A strong positive and statistical validated link is found between globalisation and FDI, between trade openness and FDI, and between FDI and globalisation. In the context of Romanian economy, these three phenomena are interrelated and each of them is acting to potentiate the effect of the other. Moreover, a multivariate regression analysis emphasized the dependency between globalisation index and foreign direct investment, trade openness and market capitalisation. These results can be taken into account when national policies aiming to attract FDI and stimulating export-import activities are designed.
The Analysis of the Emergence and Development of Female Entrepreneurship in Romania
Authors: Ardelean Dorina , Pribac Loredana , Haiduc Cristian , Anghelina Andrei
Published: December 2016

The emergence of the female entrepreneurial social class is certain and convincing in many countries, including Romania. Through this study we wish to portray a relevant image regarding the situation of female entrepreneurship in Romania. The starting point and a question to which many seek answers are: What was and is the economic strength of female entrepreneurship in Romania? After a short historical presentation regarding the evolution of feminine entrepreneurship, we presented the analysis of results after 25 years of democracy and capitalism. The main inference that we have deducted was: that the number of female entrepreneurs is on ascending path.
Rechtssoziologie für Nachwuchsforschende – eine Versprechung?
Authors: Fuchs Walter
Published: December 2016

Dieser Diskussionsbeitrag stellt die Frage, ob Rechtssoziologie für junge Forschende ein attraktives Fach ist. Nach einem subjektiven Erfahrungsbericht über die Situation an einem unabhängigen rechtssoziologischen Forschungsinstitut in Österreich werden mögliche Haltungen und Strategien skizziert, mit denen sich diese Frage vorsichtig optimistisch bejahen lässt.
ESR Study of Electron States in Ge/Si Heterostructures with Nanodisc Shaped Quantum Dots
Authors: Zinovieva Aigul F. , Zinovyev Vladimir A. , Nenashev Alexey V. , Kulik Leonid V. , Dvurechenskii Anatoly V.
Published: December 2016

Electron states in Ge/Si heterostructures with nanodisc shaped quantum dots (QDs) were studied using the electron spin resonance (ESR) method. Three ESR signals were observed under light illumination of the samples. The analysis of the angular dependences of the ESR spectra allows one performing signal assignment. Two ESR signals observed in the dark, as well as under illumination, are related to the electrons localized due to the strain at the top edges and base edges of the nanodiscs, while the third ESR signal observed only under illumination is related to the electrons localized in the Si layer above (or under) the central parts of the nanodiscs due to the Coulomb interaction with photoholes. A comparison with ESR results obtained for structures with lens-shaped QDs was performed. It was found that the nanodisc shape is crucial for the simultaneous localization of three electrons with different g values on the same QD. In the case of lens shaped QDs, only two ESR signals corresponding to the electrons localized at the QD top and base edges of QDs were observed.
Postexercise Hypotension Is Volume-Dependent in Hypertensives: Autonomic and Forearm Blood Responses
Authors: de Freitas Brito Aline , Brasileiro-Santos Maria do Socorro , Coutinho de Oliveira Caio Victor , da Cruz Santos Amilton
Published: December 2016

de Freitas Brito, A, Brasileiro Santos, MdS, Coutinho de Oliveira, CV, and da Cruz Santos, A. Postexercise hypotension is volume-dependent in hypertensives: autonomic and forearm blood responses. J Strength Cond Res 33(1): 234–241, 2019—The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2 sessions of resistance exercise (RE) with different volumes on postexercise hypotension (PEH), forearm blood flow (FBF), and cardiac autonomic balance (LF/HF) in hypertensive elderly woman. The study was conducted with 16 hypertensive elderly (25.7 ± 3 kg·m−², 55.5 ± 3 years) subjected to 3 experimental sessions, i.e., a control session, exercise with a set (S1), and exercise with 3 sets (S3). For each session, the subjects were evaluated before and after intervention. In the preintervention period, blood pressure (BP), FBF, and LF/HF were measured after 10 minutes of rest in the supine position. Thereafter, the subjects were taken to the gym to perform their exercise sessions or remained at rest during the same period. Both S1 and S3 comprised a set of ten repetitions of 10 exercises, with an interval of 90 seconds between exercises. Subsequently, the measurements were again performed at 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 minutes of recovery (postintervention) in the supine position. Postexercise hypotension (systolic/diastolic) was greater in S3 than in S1 (−26 ± 4/−14 ± 5 mm Hg vs. −18 ± 5/−8 ± 5 mm Hg, p ≤ 0.05). Similarly, FBF and cardiac LF/HF increased in both sessions, being more evident in S3 than in S1 (4.98 ± 0.32 vs. 4.36 ± 0.27 ml·min−1·100 ml−1, p ≤ 0.05; and LF/HF = 1.69 ± 0.225 vs. 1.37 ± 0.13 p ≤ 0.05, respectively). We conclude that a single RE session with 3 series were able to promote higher PEH in hypertensive women, and this phenomenon was accompanied by increased FBF and increased cardiac autonomic activity.
The Short-Term Effect of Kettlebell Swings on Lumbopelvic Pressure Pain Thresholds: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Keilman Brandon M. , Hanney William J. , Kolber Morey J. , Pabian Patrick S. , Salamh Paul A. , Rothschild Carey E. , Liu Xinliang
Published: December 2016

Keilman, BM, Hanney, WJ, Kolber, MJ, Pabian, PS, Salamh, PA, Rothschild, CE, and Liu, X. The short-term effect of kettlebell swings on lumbopelvic pressure pain thresholds: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3001–3009, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of kettlebell swings (KBSs) on lumbopelvic pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in healthy adults. Sixty participants (male = 23, female = 37, mean age = 25.12 ± 2.86 years, height = 170.73 ± 9.2 cm, mass = 70.49 ± 13.32 kg) were randomized into one of 2 groups. The experimental group performed a warm-up followed by 8 consecutive 20-second rounds of KBS with 10-second rest periods. The control group performed the warm-up alone. An evaluator blinded to group assignment, assessed PPTs immediately before and after the intervention using a handheld pressure algometer. The algometer was applied to the regions of the right paravertebral (PVM), quadratus lumborum (QL), and piriformis (PF) muscles perpendicular to the skin based on standardized palpation procedures. The participants were instructed to report when sensation changed from “comfortable pressure” to “slightly unpleasant pain.” No significant group differences existed at baseline for PPTs (PVM p = 0.068; QL p = 0.134, & PF p = 0.105). Significant group by time interactions existed for each site after the interventions (PVM, p = 0.018; QL, p = 0.004; PF, p = 0.026) favoring the KBS group. Results suggest that KBSs create a reduction in muscle sensitivity to noxious pressure based on pressure algometry measurements. These findings may be due to the unique cyclic muscle contraction associated with KBSs, which has been proposed to facilitate removal of muscle metabolites. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future studies to examine the use of this type of training in patients with low back pain of a muscular etiology or postexercise muscle soreness. Furthermore, future studies should evaluate specific mechanisms for these effects.
Brexit and the Cat*
Authors: Török Ádám
Published: December 2016

Erwin Schrödinger’s Cat model is a thought experiment from quantum mechanics to visualise “neither dead, nor alive” types of transitional situations. This essay draws certain parallels between this Cat and the Brexit process. A process that has been initiated but, in a strictly legal sense, not yet unleashed. It might be officially launched one day by the UK government, but without any certainty as to whether it would be completed at all. There seems to be no trade policy model, which would be optimal for both sides: keeping the UK within the Single European market for goods and capital, while introducing constraints on the free flow of labour is not a real option. A possible strategy for both parties may be procrastination: declaring that Brexit is underway, but maintaining the pre-2016 conditions of economic co-operation and integration, prolonging the current Cat-like situation.
The future of the European Union: Towards a functional federalism
Authors: Dabrowski Marek
Published: December 2016

The series of adverse shocks of both economic and political character that Europe has suffered since 2008, the last of them coming from the Brexit referendum, revealed numerous institutional gaps and asymmetries in the EU integration architecture. They originate from the voluntary nature of the EU project and the necessity to obtain unanimous approval of all member states to take new integration steps. To increase the resilience of the EU project against current and future shocks, its major institutional gaps and asymmetries should be addressed as quickly as possible. In this paper, we use the theory of fiscal federalism and subsidiarity principle to set the agenda of the EU reform. This includes the identification of areas such as completing the EMU and Schengen projects, foreign, security, and defence policies, environmental and climate change policies where further integration can offer substantial returns to scale and better provisions of global and pan-European public goods. On the other hand, there are also areas such as agriculture policy, products, services and labour standards, and fiscal surveillance rules, where deregulation in favour of market forces could ease business environment and make EU regulations less bureaucratic. Developing integration beyond the traditional economic sphere will also have an impact on the size of the EU budget, balance of power between the EU governing bodies (a bigger role of the European Parliament) and the democratic legitimacy of the EU project.
Economic disintegration of the European Union: Not unavoidable, but probable
Authors: Podkaminer Leon
Published: December 2016

It is argued that European integration has not fulfilled its chief economic promises. Output growth has been increasingly weak and unstable. Productivity growth has been following a decreasing trend. Income inequalities, both within and between the EU member states, have been rising. This sorry state of affairs is likely to continue — and likely to precipitate further exits, or eventually, the dissolution of the Union. However, this outcome is not unavoidable. A better integration in the EU is possible, at least in theory. Also, the negative consequences implicit in the existence of the common currency could be neutralised. However, the basic paradigms of the economic policies to be followed in the EU would have to be radically changed. First, the unconditional fiscal consolidation provisions still in force would have to be repelled. Second, “beggar-thy-neighbour” (or mercantilist) wage policies would have to be “outlawed”.
The future of European integration and Brexit: Is Brexit only Brexit?
Authors: Dallago Bruno
Published: December 2016

The consultative referendum held on June 23, 2013, showed that a majority of British voters are in favour of leaving the EU. Markets reacted and adapted, and politics made the first steps towards a UK outside the EU and an EU without Britain. This paper looks at the expected effects of Brexit in different fields: political and social effects, consequences for production and trade, and financial and fiscal effects. It then presents the institutional process of leaving the EU, stressing its indeterminacy, and considers the first steps undertaken so far. It concludes that the EU negotiation position is weak because of its internal problems and calls for the priority given in reforming the EU.
First record of the genus Dorypteryx Aaron, 1883 (Psocoptera: Psyllipsocidae) in South America: Dorypteryx domestica (Smithers, 1958) in Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Cerdeña José
Published: December 2016

Dorypteryx domestica (Smithers, 1958) previously known from Africa, Europe, North America, and Australia is recorded from an urban area in southern Peru. This is the first record of the genus Dorypteryx Aaron, 1883 in continental South America. The species was found in a private building, recently constructed.
Physical workability as the base of students’ functional potentials
Authors: Samokih I.I.
Published: December 2016

Purpose: to assess the level of students’ physical workability and find its connection with physical fitness. Material: we tested 150 students (86 girls and 64 boys) of 17-19 years’ age. All students were in main health group. The students fulfilled test on stationary bicycle. The complex of tests for physical fitness was used. Results: it was found that boys’ physical workability results were better than girls’. Analysis of correlation matrix showed that physical workability parameters had close correlations with physical workability. Exception was only some pedagogic tests for explosive power of arms and torso as well as flexibility. Conclusions: physical workability indicators were within age and gender standards. Analysis of correlations showed that physical workability parameters substantially influence on results of control tests for physical fitness.
Investigation of Ego and Task Orientation among International Wrestling Referees
Authors: Barbas I. , Bebetsos E. , Christos K. , Curby D. , Mirzaei B.
Published: December 2016

Aim: study was to investigate any possible effect(s) of experiences from active membership and participation in task or ego orientations among referees in the sport of wrestling. Material: The sample consisted of 213 international referees from 30 countries (Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Russia, Poland, Hungary, U.S.A, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Egypt, Canada, Georgia, Croatia, Uzbekistan, Norway, Cuba, Belarus, & Tunisia). Their age ranged from 26 to 60 yrs. old ( M =43, SD =8.6). During the procedure, the participants were asked to fill a specific questionnaire, the «Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire» (Duda & Nicholls, 1992). Results: Results showed that the referees from elite wrestling level’ countries (Russia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, U.S.A., Korea, Japan, Kazakhstan, & Cuba) are more task oriented than those from the non-elite wrestling level’ countries. Researchers believe that this occurred because referees from non-elite wrestling level’ countries might have less game-sport experience and more specifically in high level games. At the same time, the Olympic experience referees were more task oriented than the non-Olympic experienced. Conclusion: Referee’s decisions are an important issue in the sport milieu. The investigations in decision-making by referees and factors that affect it are rather scarce and research should focus on such topics. Improvement of decision-making by referees, would lead to safer and better performance. Thus, better understanding of referees’ behavior, through identification and operationalization of the factors affecting it, might lead to more effective selection, training and performance.
That ‘mushy boxed fog feeling’: dental students’ evaluations of the social and behavioural sciences in dental education
Authors: Neville Patricia , Waylen Andrea
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. This article documents the experiences of two dental educators with responsibility for teaching the Social and Behavioural sciences components of an undergraduate dental programme in the United Kingdom (UK). Many dental undergraduates struggle to see the relevance of behavioural and social science components to their training as dentists, similar to the experiences of medical students. This opinion piece will outline some of the key challenges faced by dental students when studying a social and behavioural science curriculum. It will conclude with an outline of a research project designed to learn more about the learning journey of dental students with the social and behavioural sciences that is currently in progress.
Teaching Islamic Medical Ethics
Authors: Chamsi-Pasha Hassan , Chamsi-Pasha Majed , Albar Mohammed Ali
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Medical ethics is still taught using traditional methods in many medical schools of the region. Medical ethics is known for its controversial issues and this cannot be learned effectively through lectures. The course should aim to give students an appreciation of important historical and theoretical developments of medical ethics. A syllabus of medical ethics relating to Islamic sources and values would widen the students' cultural and moral horizons and improving their medical performance in the long term. The ethical dilemmas the freshly graduated medical students may face at the beginning of their training should be addressed. The importance of employing student-centered learning techniques to motivate medical students to become problem solvers, critical thinkers, and life-long self-learners is highlighted.
Salient comments from an expert panel on energy geotechnics
Authors: Sánchez Marcelo , Falcão Flávia , Mack Mark , Pereira Jean-Michel , Narsilio Guillermo A. , Guimarães Leonardo
Published: December 2016

This paper presents the main discussions and comments associated with the Panel 1-C on ‘Geo-engineering for Energy’. This discussion panel was organised by the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering’s Technical Committee on Energy Geotechnics (TC308) in the context of the XV Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, which was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, between 15 and 18 November 2015. Three experts in the area of energy geotechnics were invited to express their views on four questions prepared by the panel organisers. This contribution also presents a brief description of the TC308 activities, the questions suggested to the invited panellists, the associated replies and some closing comments from the organisers of the panel.
General evaluation of sand column models by X-ray MicroCT
Authors: Manhães Paola Machado Barreto , Saboya Fernando , Araruna José Tavares , Tibana Sérgio , Marques Daniela Alexandra , Paciornik Sidnei , Alves Haimon Diniz Lopes , Maurício Marcos Henrique de Pinho
Published: December 2016

Assessment of the structural and geotechnical conditions of embedded structures in small-scale models is challenging when undisturbed samples are required. Modelling of stone column reinforcements of soft clay deposits are typical examples of this situation. In this case, a non-intrusive inspection is very important for gathering additional information that can explain the test results. Herein, the use of X-ray computed tomography (MicroCT) scans for assessing the quality of stone column reinforcements in a small-scale centrifuge model after tests are performed is presented. The results indicate that this technique can provide crucial information in three-dimensional (3D) space for interpreting the test results regarding the structural conditions of the columns. Some features as granular grading distribution, clogging, deformation and general aspects that may interfere with the results are shown for some columns. Sampling techniques are described in detail, and the difficulties encountered in the study are discussed, mainly those related to image treatment. The final product (3D image) is quite attractive in terms of visual details of the model enabling, thus, a more qualified conclusion.
Depletion of Gut Microbiota Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Emal Diba , Rampanelli Elena , Stroo Ingrid , Butter Loes M. , Teske Gwendoline J. , Claessen Nike , Stokman Geurt , Florquin Sandrine , Leemans Jaklien C. , Dessing Mark C.
Published: December 2016

An accumulating body of evidence shows that gut microbiota fulfill an important role in health and disease by modulating local and systemic immunity. The importance of the microbiome in the development of kidney disease, however, is largely unknown. To study this concept, we depleted gut microbiota with broad-spectrum antibiotics and performed renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. Depletion of the microbiota significantly attenuated renal damage, dysfunction, and remote organ injury and maintained tubular integrity after renal I/R injury. Gut flora–depleted mice expressed lower levels of F4/80 and chemokine receptors CX3CR1 and CCR2 in the F4/80+ renal resident macrophage population and bone marrow (BM) monocytes than did control mice. Additionally, compared with control BM monocytes, BM monocytes from gut flora–depleted mice had decreased migratory capacity toward CX3CL1 and CCL2 ligands. To study whether these effects were driven by depletion of the microbiota, we performed fecal transplants in antibiotic-treated mice and found that transplant of fecal material from an untreated mouse abolished the protective effect of microbiota depletion upon renal I/R injury. In conclusion, we show that depletion of gut microbiota profoundly protects against renal I/R injury by reducing maturation status of F4/80+ renal resident macrophages and BM monocytes. Therefore, dampening the inflammatory response by targeting microbiota-derived mediators might be a promising therapy against I/R injury.
Sedimentological and Micropaleontological Characteristics of the Black Clay Deposit of the Baturetno Formation, Wonogiri, Central Java
Authors: Putra Purna Sulastya , Yulianto Eko
Published: December 2016

DOI:10.17014/ijog.3.3.163-171A previous research on black clay of the Baturetno Formation identified that this clay was a palaeolake deposit. In this study, the black clay deposit was characterized by using sedimentological and micropaleontological approaches to reveal its origin. The black clay of the Baturetno Formation has a low organic matter (mostly less than 8%) and almost no pollen content. These characteristics are not representative of a lake deposit. This black clay was suggested a mud flow deposit. This conclusion is supported by the occurrence of dispersed rock fragments in the clay deposit. In addition, the previous research has identified that the formation of a palaeolake was related to the Late Pliocene tilting in South Java. The carbon dating indicates that the deposition of this clay has no relationship to the Late Pliocene tilting in South Java as the age of this clay was determined to be much younger (around 7000 BP; early Holocene).
América Latina y el Caribe en PISA 2015: ¿Cómo le fue a la región?
Authors: Bos María Soledad , Elías Alison , Vegas Emiliana , Zoido Pablo
Published: December 2016

América Latina y el Caribe se ubica nuevamente a la cola del ranking internacional de calidad educativa. La participación de la región en esta prueba aumentó a 10 países, lo que muestra un claro compromiso por mejorar la calidad y aprender de otros países.
О необходимости формирования Центральным банком резервов на внутренние размещения
Authors: Руссов Сергей Львович , Прокофьева Ольга Александровна
Published: December 2016

В условиях глобальной экономической нестабильности и кризиса в мировой банковской системе все чаще становится актуальной проблема наличия у центральных банков различных государств отрицательного собственного капитала. В настоящей статье кратко изложены ключевые моменты данной проблематики, являющиеся предметом анализа зарубежных экономистов, в том числе: платежеспособность центрального банка, достаточность капитала центрального банка, обеспечение финансовой устойчивости при выполнении центральным банком своих функций. Также анализируется влияние на величину собственного капитала формирования Центральным банком резервов на внутренние размещения, номинированные как в национальной валюте государства, так и в иностранной валюте.
Системные риски и подходы к международному регулированию финансовых рынков
Authors: Гроссман Юрий Александрович
Published: December 2016

Данная статья рассматривает вопрос решения проблем системных рисков в глобальном разрезе с помощью улучшения регулирования и контроля на финансовых рынках, в частности на международном внебиржевом рынке ПФИ. В статье перечисляются основные факторы возникновения системных рисков, приводятся примеры их реализации и примеры законодательных мер, принятых в США и ЕС для снижения таких рисков. Также в тексте данной статьи указаны выявленные автором проблемы мировой финансовой системы, которые регуляторам до сих пор не удалось до конца решить, и системные риски, вытекающие из данных проблем. Для данных проблем автором статьи предложен ряд возможных решений и указаны условия, без соблюдения которых решить проблемы невозможно.
Exploring the Intersection of Education and Indigenous Status from a Social Determinants of Health Perspective: Parent and Family Engagement in Secondary School in Nunavik
Authors: Ives Nicole , Sinha Vandna
Published: December 2016

In Canada, Indigenous Peoples’ health and wellbeing is linked with the legacies of colonization. A social determinants of health model shifts focus from individual-level health contexts to broader socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions associated with population health outcomes. Education is a key social determinant of health, closely tied to both positive health outcomes and socioeconomic status. In communities across Canada, educational success remains out of reach for disproportionately large numbers of Indigenous youth and adults. This qualitative study examined the intersection of two social determinants of health—Indigenous status and education—by exploring educational engagement in secondary school for Inuit parents and families, secondary school students, educators, and other Inuit community members in an Inuit community in Nunavik, northern Quebec.
The Views of University Students Regarding Entrepreneurship
Authors: Aslan Sevda
Published: December 2016

In this study, it is aimed to determine the views of university students regarding entrepreneurship. The participants of this study consisted of 101 4th year students studying at Kırıkkale University Faculty of Arts and Science. In this study, Students’ Views Regarding Entrepreneurship Form were developed by the researcher in order to determine the views of students. According the findings of this research; work to realize his/her own beliefs rather than following what others say, work to produce new and out-of-the-ordinary products and be able to express him/herself effectively. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Education and Research Center.Keywords: University; entrepreneurship; student views
DETERMINING WORRIES OF FINAL YEAR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS ABOUT FINDING JOBS: TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS (TRNC) AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Suzek Birkollu Sibel , Ekizoglu Nihat
Published: December 2016

Today the problem of â€œyouth unemploymentâ€ is not only one of the most important problems in developing countries such as TRNC, but also it is a significant problem in the developed western nations. Determining the reasons that lead into anxiety in undergraduate students about finding jobs will be the initial step to solve this problem. In this regard, the aim of this study is to determine the opinions and identify worries of the final year undergraduate students about finding jobs. In this study the data were obtained by asking hundred final year undergraduate students at one of the private universities in TRNC to write a composition and by using face to face meeting technique. The obtained data were examined and interpreted depending on the descriptive analysis method by thematic approach.The opinions of the students on several different aspects, including their reasons for choosing their undergraduate programme of study, their expectations from their programme of study, whether they want to study another degree or not instead of their current programme of study, the quality of the education that they are provided, their worries about finding jobs and their job visions are involved in this study. According to the data obtained as a result of this study, the level of the anxiety of the final year undergraduate students about finding jobs is high and the reasons of the anxiety include financial difficulties, the quality of the provided education, presence of a considerable number of unemployed graduates and the problems related to their programme of study.

Keywords: TRNC, unemployment, worries about finding jobs, reasons for unemployment, education
Research and Development of the ASEAN Cartoon Lesson using the Communicative Language Teaching Approach and the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
Authors: Deepaen Wanida
Published: December 2016

Cartoon pictures help to encourage students’ attention and bring joy to learning English. Cartoon lessons efficiently support students’ English language achievements. This research aimed to develop the ASEAN cartoon lesson using the communicative language teaching approach (CLT) and the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) for secondary school students. The ASEAN cartoon lesson was used to teach M.2 students for 22 hours. Then, interviews, a multiple-choice test, questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect data that were analysed by content analysis, descriptive statistics, a relative gain score and a dependent sample t-test. The research findings indicated that the cartoon lesson displayed very good efficiency and effectiveness. In addition, the students displayed developments in their language learning. This result will hopefully become a reference for English teachers to use to enrich students’ learning.
Achievement or proficiency? Just getting a pass is enough!
Authors: Al Muzzamil Fareen Jabbar
Published: December 2016

This paper discusses about the problems and limitations of the engineering students in gaining achievement and proficiency in language exams and realia. As the students aim at mere passing the subject, they are not able to develop proficiency to communicate in real situations. Due to the academic pressure in their disciplinary studies, engineering students pay little contribution for enhancing linguistic and communication skills. Qualitative ethnography research is conducted to understand the practical difficulties and learning experiences of the students. It is found that the motivation level of the students is low as far as language learning is concerned. The present research implies on the use of cognitive knowledge, discursive techniques and peer interaction in open tasks and suggests how it aids them to display better performances in both achievement and proficiency tests.
A Multi-Criterion Analysis for Choosing Photovoltaic Panel
Authors: Balo Figen , Sagbansua Lutfu
Published: December 2016

The photovoltaic (PV) technology have become more popular and more affordable in view of decreased energy expenses. This technology is one of the eco-friendliest ways to produce energy at the present time because they quiet, generate no greenhouse gases while in usage and need no fuel to operate them. However, generating electricity using photovoltaic technology is nowadays costlier when compared to the more conventional techniques. The most important reason for this is solar panel prices. In the worldwide, there are numerous of solar panel brands. Each of the solar panel brands has list of performance, durability, quality, warranty, support agreement, physical size, quality of materials and other specifications. These panels are marketable from a hundred dollars to six hundred dollars; due to the different properties.
In this study, the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) method applied to compare 230W solar panel brands in PV system. The five different criteria (mechanical, customer, electrical, environmental and financial) are used to assessment the solar panels performance. To select the best solar panel, this multi-criteria decision making method is performed depend on user-defined weighted factors.
Latest Economic Crisis And The Effects On Social Economic Aspects Into The Greek Economy
Authors: Kontsas Stamatis
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of economic crisis on social economic aspects using conceptual and empirical findings measurement models. The economy is gradually recovering from a deep recession but high social costs persist. Significant structural reforms have been legislated, but their mix and implementation were uneven. Stronger exports and investment are a key to sustained recovery. Economic crisis is a phenomenon in which an economy is characterized by a sustained and significant reduction of economic activity. Economic activity refers to all aggregates of the economy such as employment, national output, prices, investments and other. It is easy to understand that the country has faced both market liquidity problems and the drop in living standards due to the austerity measures and the structural problems which hinder entrepreneurship.