bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RF17 | PMON24 The paradox of combined pituitary hormone deficiency and tall stature: a glimpse from exome sequencing
Authors: Carvalho Luciani R , Benedetti Anna Flãvia , Oliveira Julia
Published: November 2022

Introduction

An intact GH-IGF-1 axis is known to be essential for proper growth. However, cases in which individuals with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) reach target height without the use of GH suggest that other mechanisms may play a role in the growth process. Out of 209 patients with hypopituitarism followed in the endocrinology clinic at HCFMUSP, 9 presented with normal stature despite GHD and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Among them, 1 male patient presented with tall stature. The mechanisms under growth without growth hormone are poorly understood, so we hypothesized that genetic mutations in genes related to tall stature could be a plausible explanation. The aim of the present work was to look for allelic variants in the exome that could be associated with tall stature, combined pituitary hormone deficiency and/or skeletal deformities. The index male patient presented at the age of 28 to a medical assistance due to the lack of pubertal development, leading to the diagnosis of FSH/LH and TSH deficiencies and thus treated accordingly. He was still growing even under testosterone replacement and noticed that his hand and fingers also got bigger in this period. At 32-year-old he presented to our service with a stature of 193.5cm (z score of +2.40) being out of his target height range. An arm span of 195cm was notice together with skeletal deformities such as claw toes, trigger fingers in hands and a barrel chest. At this time ACTH and GH deficiencies were diagnosed and an adult dose of GH was initiated. Over one year treatment he grew 1 cm even presenting complete closed epiphyses in hands but incomplete epiphyseal fusion in the iliac crest (Risser 4). In the skeletal X ray scoliosis, deformities in hands and feet were noticed. Pituitary MRI revealed an ectopic neurohypophysis and a reduced adenohypophysis. Whole exome sequencing was performed and allelic variants in exonic or splice site regions with frequency of less than 1% were prioritized. Out of 26 variants, 13 were classified as VUS or pathogenic in the genes PSG4, ZGPAT, LRP2, LRP5, LRP6, RYR1, REL SPAST, SDHC, EGFR, ARID3B and TGFB2, being the last 5 genes never described in 4 different populational databases (gnomAD, 1000G, ABraOM and SELAdb). Allelic variant in TGFB2 gene has been related to Marfan syndrome. Family members are having these genes in the process of being segregated.

Conclusion

Mutations in genes related to tall stature may be a mechanism that could explains normal growth among individuals with GHD.

Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:42 p.m. - 12:47 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
LBODP071 Early Detection Of Immune-mediated Hypophysitis With Use Of Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy
Authors: Lai William , Naidoo Shiva , Yossef Kristena
Published: November 2022

Hypophysitis is an inflammatory infiltration of the pituitary gland. Association with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) targeting was described with a recommendation of discontinuing the treatment in such conditions . Hypophysitis has become more prevalent with increased use of immune checkpoint inhibitors with late detection being associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Symptomatic presentation, along with hemodynamic and serum abnormalities warrant urgent intervention as early measures prevent progression. This case is about a 60-year-old female with metastatic renal clear cell carcinoma status post right radical nephrectomy on combined nivolumab and ipilimumab (NIVO/IPI) and history notable for persistent atrial fibrillation on warfarin presented to the hospital after a fall. Eight days after her second cycle on NIVO/IPI, the patient developed hot flashes, vomiting, weakness, and vertiginous symptoms. Her exam was notable for atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate and hypotension. Serology was notable for a sodium of 119 mEq/mL, prompting admission to the hospital. Due to high clinical suspicion for hypophysitis based on serological findings, the patient was given a dose of methylprednisolone then daily hydrocortisone to reverse the pituitary inflammation. Fludrocortisone was started for adrenal insufficiency. MRI of the brain with IV contrast was notable for abnormal enhancement and thickening of the pituitary stalk concerning for hypophysitis. The patient clinically improved with resolution of her dizziness, hot flashes, and vomiting. Her serum sodium improving to 132 mEq/mL. She was discharged home with immunotherapy held. Hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disease affecting 1 in 7 million. Typical symptoms include headache, vision changes, fatigue, and hypopituitary deficiencies. Reported immunotherapies with incidences of secondary hypophysitis include CTLA-4 and PD-1 therapeutics. Immunotherapy associated hypophysitis occurs in <7% of patients. Hypophysitis is diagnosed by laboratory findings and imaging which can identify this acute process via enhancement and swelling of the pituitary gland . Management modalities include surgery, anti-inflammatory therapy, and conservative therapy. Medical management is mainly directed at the correction of pituitary hormone deficiencies and reduction of pituitary inflammation using glucocorticoid therapy .

Presentation: No date and time listed
LBODP073 Non-functioning Pituitary Macroadenoma Presenting As Osteopenia In A Male
Authors: Parihar Aisha , Patel Amani , Patel Alpa
Published: November 2022

Non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFPAs) account for 14-54% of all pituitary adenomas. NFPAs are benign, but mass effects may lead to significant symptoms, including visual impairment and pituitary insufficiency, of which secondary hypogonadism is present in 75% of reported cases. Patients with hypogonadism may experience decreased bone density, libido, muscle mass/strength, and fatigue. We describe a patient who presented with osteopenia, in addition to atypical symptoms of secondary hypogonadism, associated with low testosterone levels. Further workup disclosed a large pituitary macroadenoma. A 56-year-old male presented to the clinic for a two-year history of diffuse joint pain. X-rays were significant for bone loss. This led to a bone density scan that showed osteopenia with a T score of -2.3 in the lumbar spine and left femoral neck. He had no prior history of fractures or loss in height. Risk factors for bone disease were only pertinent for history of osteoporosis in his mother. He was referred to endocrinology for further evaluation. Work up included normal vitamin D levels, 24-hour urine calcium excretion, morning cortisol, and TSH. Given the patient's osteopenia and additional complaints of decreased appetite, weight loss, fatigue, and muscle weakness, testosterone levels were checked and found to be low. Free testosterone level was 14.3 pg/ml with inappropriately low FSH and LH. Prolactin was normal at 12.5 ng/ml. He subsequently had an MRI brain which revealed a pituitary macroadenoma measuring 2. 0×2.4×2.4 cm with mass effect on the optic chiasm. However, the patient did not complain of headaches or visual disturbances and visual field testing was normal. He underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary tumor which led to normalization of testosterone levels and resolution of all his symptoms. This case exemplifies how non-specific symptoms of hypogonadism and absence of mass effect symptoms can lead to a delay in diagnosis of NFPA. Typically, NFPAs are detected when they are large enough to cause symptoms of mass effect which, interestingly, were absent in this patient despite compression of the optic chiasm. Male hypogonadism increases the risk for bone disease. Thus, it is important to pursue work up for secondary hypogonadism in males presenting with osteopenia/osteoporosis despite lack of overt symptoms. A thorough history and workup are essential in diagnosing NFPA. Prompt detection of NFPA can facilitate timely management leading to clinical improvement. The first line of treatment for NFPAs causing neurological symptoms is transsphenoidal surgical resection. Surgery is also recommended for NFPAs that are at high risk for causing visual deficits due to involvement of optic chiasm, as was seen in this patient. Post-surgical follow up includes long-term routine monitoring of hormone levels and neuroimaging.

Presentation: No date and time listed
Effect of Ice Slush on Reducing the Oculocardiac Reflex During Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Qi Xin , Zou Fei , Wei Xin , Wu Ying , Cao Lijun , Xu Junmei , Cui Yulong
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:

The aim of this study was to explore whether ice slush (IS) causing local hypothermia can effectively inhibit the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) during strabismus surgery.

METHODS:

This prospective, randomized, double-blind study included 58 patients with concomitant strabismus scheduled for lateral rectus (LR) recession under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to receive IS (IS group) or standard treatment (control group) with sterile saline at room temperature before surgery. OCR was defined as a sudden decrease in heart rate (HR) of >15% from baseline. If one incidence of the OCR was found in 1 patient in any stage (0/I/II/III), the patient was defined as an OCR responder, and the incidence of overall OCR was the incidence of OCR responders. The primary outcome was the incidence of overall OCR during all stages of the surgery, which was analyzed by the Z test and computed based on the absolute risk difference with 2-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Newcombe method.

RESULTS:

The overall OCR occurred in 19 of 29 patients (62.5% [95% CI, 45.7–82.1]) in the IS group and 28 of 29 patients (96.6% [95% CI, 82.2–99.9]) in the control group (absolute risk difference, −31.0% [95% CI, −49.4 to −11.0]; Z test, P < .001), which demonstrated that the incidence of overall OCR in IS group was significantly lower than that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONS:

IS on the ocular surface causing local hypothermia is a promising and easily accessible method to reduce the overall OCR, which can improve the safety of strabismus surgery.
Feminism in Coalition
Authors: Taylor Liza
Published: November 2022

In Feminism in Coalition Liza Taylor examines how US women of color feminists’ coalitional politics provides an indispensable resource to contemporary political theory, feminist studies, and intersectional social justice activism. Taylor charts the theorization of coalition in the work of Bernice Johnson Reagon, Audre Lorde, Barbara Smith, the Combahee River Collective, Gloria Anzaldúa, Cherríe Moraga, and others. For these activist-scholars, coalition is a dangerous struggle that emerges from a shared political commitment to undermining oppression and an emphasis on self-transformation. Taylor shows how their coalitional understandings of group politics, identity, consciousness, and scholarship have transformed how activists and theorists build alliances across race, class, gender, sexuality, faith, and ethnicity to tackle systems of domination. Their coalitional politics enrich current discussions surrounding the impetus and longevity of effective activism, present robust theoretical accounts of political subject formation and political consciousness, and demonstrate the promise of collective modes of scholarship. In this way, women of color feminists have been formulating solutions to long-standing problems in political theory. By illustrating coalition’s vitality to a variety of practical and philosophical interdisciplinary discussions, Taylor encourages us to rethink feminist and political theory.
Infertile Environments
Authors: Lamoreaux Janelle
Published: November 2022

In Infertile Environments, Janelle Lamoreaux investigates how epigenetic research into the effects of toxic exposure conceptualizes and configures environments. Drawing on fieldwork in a Nanjing, China, toxicology lab that studies the influence of pesticides and other pollutants on male reproductive and developmental health, Lamoreaux shows how the lab’s everyday research practices bring national, hormonal, dietary, maternal, and laboratory environments into being. She situates the lab’s work within broader Chinese history as well as the contemporary cultural and political moment, in which declining fertility rates and reproductive governance and technology are growing concerns. She also points to how toxicology in China is a transnational endeavor tied to both local conditions and international research agendas and infrastructures, which highlights the myriad scales and scope of epigenetic environments. At a moment of growing concerns about toxins, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and climate change, Lamoreaux demonstrates that epigenetic research’s proliferation of environments produces new kinds of toxic relations that impact multiple generations of humans.
Deep Brain Stimulation and Responsive Neurostimulation Implantation for Medically Refractory Epilepsy: A Case Report Study of a Single-Center's Experience
Authors: Restrepo Andres F. , Zillgitt Andrew , Burdette David E. , Ali Rushna
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

Nearly 25% of all epilepsy is drug-resistant epilepsy. Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) offer viable options when resection or ablation is not feasible. Neuromodulation leads to improved seizure control. However, in patients with highly complex epileptogenic networks, a multimodality approach using simultaneous RNS and DBS may provide a summative benefit.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

We present 2 cases of drug-resistant epilepsy who received simultaneous anterior nucleus of the thalamus DBS and RNS neuromodulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of simultaneous DBS and RNS neurostimulation for the treatment of epilepsy. Given the complexity of their seizure networks, a combined neuromodulatory approach was deemed best to achieve seizure control. Both experienced multiple seizure semiology patterns consistent with multifocal onsets which were confirmed on phase I monitoring, nuclear medicine, and magnetoencephalography studies. Case 1 had a seizure reduction of 75% to 89% at 12 months which has remained stable at last follow-up (26 months) and case 2 achieved near seizure freedom and remained seizure-free at last follow-up (16 months).

CONCLUSION:

Neuromodulation has proven efficacious and safe in randomized controlled trials for the treatment of epilepsy. This is particularly important in multifocal epilepsy or if resective surgery is not an option. The optimal stimulation pathways and multimodal neuromodulation technique remains under investigation. We are the first to report that RNS and DBS implantation in the same patient is feasible, without major adverse effects and potentially effective.
Comparison of sleep and health behaviours among people with diabetes and a nondiabetic group in Phitsanulok, Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Juntarawijit Chudchawal , Juntarawijit Yuwayong
Published: November 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health problem. To avoid disease complications, people with diabetes have to control their blood glucose and maintain a healthy lifestyle including a healthy diet, weight control, moderate exercise, and smoking cessation.

Methods: This study aimed to survey sleep, eating, and exercise behaviours of people with diabetes in the Bang Rakam district, a rural community in Phitsanulok province, Thailand. The data on sleep and other health behaviours were taken from 1,385 T2DM patients and 1,394 non-T2DM controls, who were aged 30 - 85 years and were free from other chronic diseases. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire.

Results: Compared to the control group, the people with diabetes had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI).  However, only a few of them smoke cigarettes and drink alcohol. Most of the participants were ‘morning people’ who slept 7-9 hours per day. It was found that sleep ≥8 hours increased the risk of diabetes among women (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.56). The people with diabetes also reported eating chicken and vegetables more than the control group. They also avoided eating beef and eating more than a cup of rice per meal. However, the T2DM group did fewer physical activities, such as walking, biking, or playing sports, during their leisure time.

Conclusions: Most people with diabetes (T2DM) in a rural community of Thailand had healthy behaviours regarding sleep duration, sleep pattern, lifestyle, eating, smoking and alcohol consumption, except exercise and physical activity. The findings here contrast with the common perception that people with diabetes have bad lifestyle patterns, instead it showed that a healthy lifestyle pattern based on dietary patterns alone may not be sufficient and that lifestyle prevention of diabetes should always include physical activity as an integral part.
Effectiveness of antepartum breathing exercises on the outcome of labour: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Karkada Sushmitha R , Noronha Judith A , Bhat Shashikala K , Bhat Parvati , Nayak Baby S
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background

Childbirth is a life-transforming intense event to a woman and her family. Even though a variety of non-pharmacological techniques are readily available to alleviate the distress of women in labour, the majority of women are unaware of its benefits. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of a simple non-pharmacological technique i.e., antepartum breathing exercises on maternal outcomes of labour among primigravid women.

Methods

A single centre prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted at the antenatal outpatient clinic of a secondary healthcare institution. Eligible primigravid women were randomized into intervention and standard care groups. Both groups received standard obstetrical care. In addition, the intervention group were taught antepartum breathing exercises and were advised to practise daily and also during the active stage of labour. The primary outcome of the trial was the maternal outcome of labour measured in terms of onset of labour, nature of delivery, duration of labour, and need for augmentation of labour. Data was collected using World Health Organization (WHO) partograph, structured observational record on the outcome of labour.

Results

A total of 98 (70%) primigravid women who practised antepartum breathing exercises had spontaneous onset of labour. The odds of spontaneous onset of labour after randomization in the intervention group was 2.192 times more when compared to standard care at a (95% confidence interval 1.31–3.36, p<.001). Also, the requirement for augmentation of labour was minimal and there was a reduction in the rate of caesarean deliveries (p <.05) based on the χ2 test. The overall mean duration of labour was less compared to standard care group F(1)= 133.800, p <.001.

Conclusion

Antepartum breathing exercises during labour can facilitate spontaneous vaginal birth, shorten the duration of labour, and reduce the need for operative interference.
So, Who Likes You? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
Authors: Bapna Ravi , McFowland Edward , Mojumder Probal , Ramaprasad Jui , Umyarov Akhmed
Published: November 2022

With one-third of marriages in the United States beginning online, online dating platforms have become important curators of the modern social fabric. Prior work on online dating has elicited two critical frictions in the heterosexual dating market. Women, governed by age-old social norms of not making the first move, are inhibited in their interactions in that they do not initiate contact with men. On the other side, men send an abundance of messages, the majority of which do not convert to matches. A key distinguishing feature of online dating versus its traditional counterpart is the ability to leave a range of digital signals not replicable in the offline world. These digital signals can impact the nature of online dating platform outcomes. In this paper, we study the impact of a feature that reveals “who likes you” (WLY) on engagement, the number of matches, match efficiency, and match sorting in online dating. This feature reveals the identity of the voters who have rated the focal user with a like. To causally identify the effect of this feature, we conduct a large-scale randomized control trial in collaboration with a major North American dating platform. The treatment causes women to be more proactive, sending 7.4% more messages, which is a highly desirable market improvement given that men send double the number of messages compared with women. Further, we find that the women endowed with this feature increase their matches by 14.4%, whereas men increase their matches by 11.5%. Analyzing the moderating impact of desirability—a key aspect of the WLY feature—provides us with nuanced findings. Depending on the levels of each of the two parties’ desirability, we see evidence of sorting, encouragement, and discouragement.

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.

Supplemental Material: The Online Appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4576 .
Crossref Annual Meeting LIVE22 presentation
Authors:   Crossref, Pentz Ed , Fairhurst Vanessa ,   Crossref, Farley Isaac , de Jonge Hans , Kramer Bianca , Arias Javier , Lambert Julie , Damasio Edilson , Conrad Lettie Y. , Feeney Patrica , Bartell Amanda , Tkaczyk Dominika , Ofiesh Lucy
Published: November 2022

The Crossref annual meeting and board election took place on October 26, 2022, online. The slide deck includes strategic updates from our team, guest speakers, as well as the results of the board election.
Effect of PMMA on PVDF-co-HFP/MgTf3 Polymer Composite with Improved Ionic Conductivity, Thermal and Structural Properties
Authors: Kundana N. , Venkatapathy M. , V. Neeraja V. Neeraja , Espenti Chandra Sekhar , Reddy V. Madhusudhana , Jeedi Venkatramana
Published: November 2022

Polymer blend electrolytes composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoro-propylene) (PVDF-co-HFP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and 1•0 M magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate (MgTf3) as salt have been synthesized using solution caste technique by varying the PMMA@PVDF-co-HFP/Mg2+ blend concentration ratio systematically. However, Mg2+ ions interaction with electrode materials and electrolyte molecules results in slow Mg2+ dissociation and diffusion, which in turn leads to inadequate power density and cycle stability. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), complex impedance spectroscopy, linear sweep voltammetry, AC and DC ionic conductivity studies were used to examine the impact of compositional modification of PMMA in the composite gel polymer electrolyte system. The PVDF-co-HFP/Mg2+ and PMMA@PVDF-co-HFP /Mg2+ mix-based solid polymer electrolyte membrane provides optimal ionic conductivity of 8.014×10-6 and 5.612×10-5 at ambient temperature, and the ionic conductivity of the system rises with increasing PMMA content. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analyses validate the improved ionic conductivity. Electrical conductivity was measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at temperatures ranging from 303 to 363 K. Changes in temperature and PMMA concentration cause an increase in ionic conductivity. Loss tangent and imaginary part of modulus (M"), which relate to dielectric and conductivity relaxation, respectively, demonstrate a quicker relaxation process as PMMA concentration increases up to an optimal value. The modulus (M") demonstrates that the conductivity relaxation is not of the Debye type (broader than the Debye peak).
Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine-B Dye Using Lettuce Extracted TiO2 Nanoparticle
Authors: Rakkini A. Motcha , Rosaline L. Mary Arul , Keller K. Lucy , S. Nagalakshmi S. Nagalakshmi , Joice J. Amala Infant
Published: November 2022

The present study describes the green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using Sesbania Grandiflora and Solanum nigrum leaf extracts. The characterisation of synthesised nanoparticles is carried out using XRD and FTIR. The photo catalytic degradation of Rhodamine-B dye is carry out under sunlight irradiation by using UV- Vis spectrophotometer. Among the synthesized catalysts, SG/TiO2 was found to be the best for the photocatalytic degradation of dye. The degraded dye water is also tested for the water quality parameters and the results are discussed.
The reaction of (2-oxo-2-phenyl-ethyl sulfanyl)-Acetic Acid with Chalcones: Double Michael Addition-Aldol Reaction Formation of Unexpected (5-Benzoyl-2-hydroxy-2,4-6-triphenyl-cyclohexyl) -phenyl-methanone
Authors: Suriyakala Tevaraj , Ravindran Gurusamy
Published: November 2022

A greener approach one-pot reaction of (2-oxo-2-phenyl-ethyl sulfanyl)-acetic acid with chalcones in presence of a base to afford an unexpected (5-Benzoyl-2-hydroxy-2,4-6-triphenyl-cyclohexyl) – phenyl-methanone product. The reaction proceeds via sequential double Michael addition-aldol reaction mediated three consecutive C-C bonds are formed in one pot. The procedure has a short reaction time, easy workup, and moderate yield of products. The structure of all synthesized compounds was determined by using 1HNMR and 13CNMR Spectral analysis.
Study of Zn(II)- Salicylidene–4-(p–chlorophenyl)–2–Aminothiazole Complex by Polarographic Method with its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Solanki Manohar , Gautam Mangla Dave , R. Chourey Vijay
Published: November 2022

Newly Zn(II)-salicylidene–4–(p-chlorophenyl)–2–aminothiazole (SCAT) ligand was synthesized and studied in DMF media by the polarographic method and produce a DC and DPP polarogram in KCl (supporting electrolyte) with Britton- Robinson buffer. The far FT- IR spectral study show signals at 465 and 412 cm−1 respectively which confirm the metal-ligand bonding. The serial tube dilution method (MIC) was used for investigating the antibacterial activity of this newly synthesized complex and ligand toward pathogenic bacteria, B. subtilis, and E. coli. The results concluded that the ligand enhanced the biological activity when it binds with Zn(II) ion.
GC-MS Chemical profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Sun Protection Factor of Essential Oil of Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
Authors: Malik Pooja , Upadhyay Prashant
Published: November 2022

The present investigation aimed to determine the oxidative potential, sun protection factor value, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration of rosemary essential oil and tea tree essential oil. These two essential oils have gained popularity as active ingredients in many cosmetic preparations due to their antioxidant activity, whether used individually or in combination. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy is used to identify the presence of different phytochemical constituents in essential oils. The GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy) chemical analysis of tea tree oil revealed 34 and rosemary oil revealed 35 volatile chemical components with sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, monoterpenes (42.77%), and alcohols (41.01%) as major detected classes. The 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide-free scavenging activity techniques were used to investigate the antioxidant capacity of these oils. It was found that both tea tree and rosemary oil have the potential to slow down skin aging through their anti-oxidative properties using the approach of free radical scavenging activity. The UV spectroscopy method was used to determine the sun protection factor, and the sun protection values of rosemary and tea tree oil were found to be 8.45 and 6.85, respectively. Rosemary oil was an extremely promising tea tree essential oil for anti-aging and sunburn prevention. The study's findings indicated that rosemary and tea tree essential oil can both offer a synergistic sun protection factor effect, antioxidant property, and anti-aging or extra activity of cosmetic preparations.
Rheology of Non-Additive Olive Oil used as a Biodegradable Lubricant
Authors: Stanciu Ioana
Published: November 2022

In this article we studied the olive oil extracted from the cold pressed fruits and separated by centrifugation. The rheological models found in the literature for the dependence of the shear rate on the shear stress are: the Herschel – Bulkley model, the Ostwald model and the Bingham model. By linearizing the obtained data, we found two models that describe the behavior of the oil at the temperatures at which the olive oil was studied. Olive oil has a non-Newtonian behavior.
Synthesis of Biologically Potent α-Aminophosphonates Derivatives by Nano-Catalyst
Authors: Wavhal Kamalakar Kailash , Nagrik Deepak Manik
Published: November 2022

α-Aminophosphonate and their derivatives are biologically potent and have received considerable attention in a recent research scenario. The main reason is that they show triguing biological activity. α-Aminophosphonate derivatives are gaining a lot of importance in medicinal chemistry due to their application as enzyme inhibitors, herbicides, antibiotics, pharmaceutical agents and inhibitors of Excitatory Post-Synaptic Potential(EPSP) synthesis, and HIV Protease. It is also important in ati-cancer, anti-HIV, antithrombotic and antibacterial, antioxidant activity. Unfortunately, these compounds have certain limitation such as extraction, purification, of bioactive molecule and their minimum yields. For this reason, many scientists have been orienting their research towards the synthesis of molecules as a new tool to overcome this problems he prime focus of this work is the combination of three reactant derivative of benzaldehyde derivative of aniline, and diethyl phosphonate to form α-aminophosphonates derivatives by multicomponent reaction(KFR). The novel nano-catalyst i.e. polyanilinedoped with manganese (PAni-Mn) was prepared. The catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity, high yields, short reaction times, easy synthesis. The PAni was fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, TEM, SEM, and FT-IR technique.
Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the new brief job stress questionnaire (short version) for work-related stress screening among office workers
Authors: Adi Nuri Purwito , Da Lopez Ansgar Azurit Virenti Paska , Diatri Hervita , Werdhani Retno Asti , Soemarko Dewi Sumaryani , Fitriani Dewi Yunia
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND The short version of the new brief job stress questionnaire (SV-NBJSQ) that is originally in Japanese could evaluate work-related stress in Indonesian office workers. However, it has not been validated in Indonesian. Thus, this study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the SV-NBJSQ.

METHODS This study was conducted by linguistic and cultural adaptation of the original Japanese questionnaire into Indonesian and continued with exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, and reliability test of Cronbach’s alpha. Electronic and paper-based data were collected using total sampling from office workers at two companies in Jakarta from December 2017 to August 2018.

RESULTS A total of 438 respondents filled the questionnaire. The final version of the questionnaire consisted of 63 items, screened based on a loading factor of >0.4 and 13 factors (dimensions). Each factor had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.628–0.887, while the entire 63 had 0.904 with a total documented cumulative variation of 64.97%.

CONCLUSIONS The Indonesian version of the SV-NBJSQ is valid and reliable. Thus, we may use it as a more suitable, updated, and comprehensive tool to evaluate work-related stress among office workers.
How do people understand the causes of poverty and wealth? A revised structural dimensionality of the attributions about poverty and wealth scales
Authors: Sainz Mario , García-Castro Juan Diego , Jiménez-Moya Gloria , Lobato Roberto M.
Published: November 2022

The attributional process, defined as the process of inferring the causes of the events that surround individuals in their daily lives, can potentially shape the understanding of poverty and wealth. For instance, it might influence how people behave, what they expect from poor and wealthy groups in their society, and how they judge them. However, the existing measures that capture these attributional phenomena have several limitations. Some attributional factors lack empirical support, or some implemented items lack relevance in contemporary society. Therefore, the present study is aimed to deepen the understanding of the attributional process by reviewing the factor structure of the poverty (Cozzarelli et al, 2001) and wealth attribution scales (Bullock et al, 2003), as well as adapting and verifying the validity of these scales among the Mexican population. To do so, we revised the factor structure of the poverty and wealth attribution scales to create a unified scale. We back-translated the original items, conducted exploratory and confirmatory analyses, restructured the scale’s factors, and related them with other covariates. Our results indicate that these scales uniquely differentiate between internal and external attributions, demonstrating that the new factor structure is better for measuring attributional processes regarding the perceived causes of poverty and wealth than those used in previous research.
Out-of-plane displacement sensor based on the Talbot effect in angular-modulated double-layer optical gratings
Authors: Cao Bin , Zhang Rui , Niu Qianqi , Ma Xiaochen , Yang Zhiyong , Li Mengwei , Xin Chenguang
Published: November 2022

Based on the Talbot effect of optical gratings, we propose a novel
out-of-plane optical displacement sensor with an ultracompact
structure, to the best of our knowledge. Using two optical gratings
with a slight angle between them, two angular-modulated signals with a
phase difference of 90° are obtained associated with a two-quadrant
photodetector, which are in sinusoidal relationship with the
displacement in the direction perpendicular to the grating plane.
Using an interpolation subdivision circuit with a subdivision factor
of 1000, out-of-plane displacement measurement with a resolution of
11.23 nm within a range of 1 mm is obtained.
Enhanced higher-order modulational instability in a parity–time-symmetric fiber Bragg grating system with modified saturable nonlinearity
Authors: Mohanraj P. , Padhi Paramananda , Sivakumar R.
Published: November 2022

With the use of cubic, quintic, and septic nonlinearities, we demonstrate the influence of modified nonlinear saturation on modulational instability (MI) in a nonlinear complex parity–time (PT)-symmetric fiber Bragg grating (FBG) structure. Using a modified coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation and linear stability analysis, we derive a dispersion relation for instability gain spectra in a complicated PT-symmetric system. Our main aim is to examine the MI in non-Kerr nonlinearities with nonlinear saturation in three PT-symmetric regimes: below threshold point, at threshold point (breaking point), and above threshold point. The occurrence of MI is known to be problematic at the PT-symmetry threshold point in a standard FBG structure (A.K. Sharma, 2014). At the same time, MI can exist in the normal group velocity dispersion domain when the modified nonlinear saturation effect is used. With the help of a modified form of saturable nonlinearity, we discovered that MI could exist in all three regimes in a complex PT-symmetric FBG structure. In anomalous group velocity dispersion alone, we found bistability behavior in a PT-symmetric FBG structure with higher-order saturable nonlinearity. In the presence of a modified nonlinear saturation effect and higher-order non-Kerr nonlinearities, we found a novel type of dynamics in the PT-symmetric FBG structure. All alterations in the photonic device bandgap directly result from changes in the refractive index of the medium caused by the interaction of PT-symmetric potential with the cubic–quintic–septic and modified form of nonlinear saturation. As a result, we provide approaches for generating and managing the MI in a complex PT-symmetric FBG structure under the influence of the modified nonlinear saturation effect.
Quantum signatures in a quadratic optomechanical heat engine with an atom in a tapered trap
Authors: Izadyari Mohsen , Öncü Mehmet , Durak Kadir , Müstecaplioğlu Özgür E.
Published: November 2022

We investigate how quantum signatures can emerge in a single atom heat engine consisting of an atom confined in a tapered trap and subjected to hot and cold thermal reservoirs. A similar system was realized experimentally in Science 352, 325 (2016)SCIEAS0036-807510.1126/science.aad6320. We model such a system using a quadratic optomechanical model and identify an effective Otto cycle in the system’s dynamics. We compare the engine’s performance in quantum and classical regimes by evaluating the power dissipated. We find that lowering the temperature is insufficient to make the single atom engine in Science 352, 325 (2016)SCIEAS0036-807510.1126/science.aad6320 a genuine quantum-enhanced heat engine. We show that it is necessary to make the trap more asymmetric and confined to ensure that quantum correlations cause an enhancement in the power output.
Quantum interference of multidimensional quantum states via space-division multiplexing of a long-coherent single photon from a warm 87Rb atomic ensemble
Authors: Baek Changhoon , Bae Jinhyuk , Park Jiho , Moon Han Seb
Published: November 2022

The high-dimensional encoding of single photons can offer various possibilities for enhancing quantum information processing. This work experimentally demonstrates the quantum interference of an engineered multidimensional quantum state through the space-division multiplexing of a heralded single-photon state with a spatial light modulator (SLM) and spatial-mode mixing of a single photon through a long multimode fiber (MMF). In our experiment, the heralded single photon generated from a warm 87Rb atomic ensemble was bright, robust, and long-coherent. The multidimensional spatial quantum state of the long-coherent single photon was transported through a 4-m-long MMF and arbitrarily controlled using the SLM. We observed the quantum interference of a single-photon multidimensional spatial quantum state with a visibility of >95%. These results may have potential applications in quantum information processing, for example, in photonic variational quantum eigensolve with high-dimensional single photons and realizing high information capacity per photon for quantum communication.
Nonlinear dynamics of beam self-cleaning on LP11 mode in multimode fibers
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Hong Weiyi , Luo Aiping
Published: November 2022

We investigate the modal energy flow of the femtosecond-pulsed beam self-cleaning on LP11 mode with the influence of different factors such as the initial fraction of LP11 mode, initial peak power, distribution of high-order modes and the numerical aperture of the fiber. It is interesting that there is a critical value of the initial peak power, P
cr
, which is the watershed, not only in the quantitatively dominant transverse mode converting from LP11 mode to LP01 mode, but also in the behavior of HOMs of the transition from Attractor to chaos. Our simulation results may provide a novel perspective to understanding the beam self-cleaning on LP11 mode.
Stern–Gerlach effect of vector light bullets in a nonlocal Rydberg medium
Authors: Mu Yue , Huang Guoxiang
Published: November 2022

We show that stable (3+1)-dimensional vector light bullets with ultraslow propagating velocity and extreme low generation power can be realized in a cold Rydberg atomic gas. They can also be actively controlled by using a nonuniform magnetic field; especially, trajectories of their two polarization components can have significant Stern–Gerlach deflections. The results obtained are useful for revealing the nonlocal nonlinear optical property of Rydberg media and for measuring weak magnetic fields.
Solar energy harvesting mechanisms of the frustules of Nitzschia filiformis diatoms
Authors: D’Mello Yannick , Bernal Santiago , Petrescu Dan , Skoric James , Andrews Mark , Plant David V.
Published: November 2022

Diatoms are major contributors to the global oxygen and carbon cycles. Their ability to thrive on photosynthesis, even in low and intermittent lighting conditions, is attributed to the optical response of the frustule, among other factors. However, how the frustule functions as a biophotonic feature is unknown. Using a toolkit consisting of numerical models and four microscopy techniques, we evaluated the optical response of frustules belonging to the species Nitzschia filiformis. Localized regions of the frustule exhibited functionalities including diffraction, lensing, waveguiding, circulation, filtering, resonances, and dispersion control. We show that these functionalities are complementary to each other in contributing to the solar energy harvesting mechanisms of capture, redistribution, and retention. In this context, frustule performance is evidently enhanced by perturbations to its sub-wavelength structure. We therefore modeled the frustule as a photonic circuit from which we estimated a contribution of approximately 9.83% to photosynthetic activity. To our knowledge, this represents the first model of the entire frustule, including its inherent disorder and the complementary behavior of localized optical functionalities. This provides quantitative support to the hypothesis that the frustule enhances photosynthesis in the cell. It supports the case for cultivating diatoms as sustainably mass-manufacturable devices with applications in solar energy, carbon sequestration, sensing, medicine, and metamaterials.
Omni-Kanal-Transformation im Krankenhaus – eine Fallstudie
Authors: Vollenberg Carolin , Hoffmann Felix , Coners André , Plattfaut Ralf
Published: November 2022

Die komplexen Strukturen der vorhandenen Krankenhaus-Patient*innen-Schnittstelle sowie zugehörige IT-Systeme, eingesetzte Speichermedien und die dezentralen Kontaktkanäle begründen häufig hohe administrative Aufwände im Gesundheitswesen. Diese Schnittstelle und die Kontaktkanäle für Patient*innen sind meist unabhängig voneinander organisiert sowie auf Daten- bzw. Systemebene nicht verbunden – sie unterliegen häufig einem Multi-Kanal-Ansatz. Die Transformation hin zu einem Omni-Kanal-Ansatz kann diese Komplexitäten und Aufwände reduzieren. Die hier vorgestellte Studie zeigt die Gestaltung eines Omni-Kanal-Ansatzes im Gesundheitswesen und bietet Implikationen sowie klare Lessons Learned für die Umsetzung eines solchen Konzeptes insbesondere für IT-Entscheider*innen. Zudem werden die Komplexitätsreduktionen durch einen Omni-Kanal-Ansatz im Krankenhaus dargestellt.
Ready for Take-off? – Gestaltung und Wahrnehmung von Reiseimpfberatungschatbots
Authors: Greulich R. Stefan , Pietrantoni Nico , Hildebrandt Fabian , Hommel Tomy , Morana Stefan , Brendel Alfred Benedikt
Published: November 2022

Der Einsatz von Sprachassistenten (Alltagsbeispiele sind Alexa von Amazon, Siri von Apple oder der Chatbot von Hellofresh) hat auch im Gesundheitswesen Einzug gehalten. Ein aktuelles Beispiel ist der WhatsApp Chatbot der WHO, welcher Nutzer:innen über COVID-19 aufklärt. Sprachassistenten haben die Fähigkeit, Patienten und Patientinnen orts- und zeitunabhängig aufzuklären, wodurch Mitarbeiter:innen entlastet werden. Jedoch gibt es neben den technischen (u. a. Entwicklung und Optimierung der Algorithmen für die Spracherkennung) auch Herausforderungen in der Mensch-Chatbot-Interaktion. In dieser Studie wird untersucht, welche Rolle die menschenähnliche Gestaltung (u. a. menschlicher Name, Begrüßung, menschlicher Avatar) eines Reiseimpfberatungschatbots auf dessen Wahrnehmung durch Nutzer:innen hat. Spezifisch geht es darum zu verstehen, ob und wie sich Anthropomorphismus (die Wahrnehmung von Menschlichkeit und sozialer Präsenz in Objekten, Tieren und Maschinen) auf die wahrgenommene Vertrauenswürdigkeit und letztendliche Zufriedenheit mit dem Service auswirkt. In einem Online-Experiment mit 78 Teilnehmer:innen, wurden zwei Chatbot-Gestaltungen (mit menschenähnlichen Gestaltungselementen vs. ohne diese Elemente) verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die wahrgenommene soziale Präsenz signifikant die wahrgenommene Vertrauenswürdigkeit und die Zufriedenheit mit dem Service des Chatbots erhöhen. Somit ist die Implikation, dass bei der Reiseimpfberatung und ähnlichen Beratungsprozessen eine menschliche Gestaltung der Sprachassistenten zu empfehlen ist.
Determinants of facility-based childbirth among adolescents and young women in Guinea: A secondary analysis of the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Grovogui Fassou Mathias , Benova Lenka , Manet Hawa , Sidibe Sidikiba , Dioubate Nafissatou , Camara Bienvenu Salim , Beavogui Abdoul Habib , Delamou Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Maternal mortality remains very high in Sub-Saharan African countries and the risk is higher among adolescent girls. Maternal mortality occurs in these settings mainly around the time of childbirth and the first 24 hours after birth. Therefore, skilled attendance in an enabling environment is essential to reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes for both women and their children. This study aims to analyze the determinants of facility childbirth among adolescents and young women in Guinea.

Methods

We used the Guinea Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2018. All females who were adolescents (15–19) or young women (20–24 years) at the time of their most recent live birth in the five years before the survey were included. We examined the use of health facilities for childbirth and its determinants selected through the Andersen health-seeking model using descriptive analysis and multilevel multivariable logistic regression. All descriptive and analytical estimated were produced by adjusting for the survey sampling using the svy option, including adjustment for clustering, stratification and unequal probability of selection and non-response (individual sample weights). The subpopulation option was also used to account for the variance of estimations.

Results

Overall, 58% of adolescents and 57% of young women gave birth in a health facility. Young women were more likely to have used private sector facilities compared to adolescents (p<0.001). Factors significantly associated with a facility birth in multivariable regression included: secondary or higher educational level (aOR = 1.86; 95%CI:1.24–2.78) compared to no formal education; receipt of 1–3 antenatal visits (aOR = 9.33; 95%CI: 5.07–17.16) and 4+ visits (aOR = 16.67; 95%CI: 8.82–31.48) compared to none; living in urban (aOR = 2.50; 95%CI: 1.57–3,98) compared to rural areas. Women from poorest households had lower odds of facility-based childbirth. There was substantial variation in the likelihood of birth in a health facility by region, with highest odds in N’Zérékoré and lowest in Labé.

Conclusion

The percentage of births in health facilities among adolescents and young women in Guinea was 58%. This remains suboptimal regarding the challenges associated maternal mortality and morbidity issues in Guinea. Socio-economic characteristics, region of residence and antenatal care use were the main determinants of its use. Efforts to improve maternal health among this group should target care discontinuation between antenatal care and childbirth (primarily by removing financial barriers) and increasing the demand for facility-based childbirth services in communities, while paying attention to the quality and respectful nature of healthcare services provided there.