bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Robust Methodology Improves Rig Performance
Authors: Al-Rubaii Mohammed Murif , Al-Nassar Fawaz Y , Al-Harbi Saleh Mohammed , Al-Aklubi Sultan A
Published: April 2022

Assessing drilling and rig operations performance are a cumbersome issue for oil operators. The evaluation of effectiveness of drilling operations and safe, environmental and competent manner is drilling scenarios such depths, formation lithology, drilling proximity, directional plan complexity and completion types. In this paper a new a new firm methodology improves rig performance is implemented during drilling operations. The method strongly depends on monitoring drilling time and dead time. Drilling time or rotating time and dead time or non-productive time will assessed during drilling operations to predict the rig performance and hence evaluate which performance of drilling rigs has the highest ratio. The ration is based on the drilling time (Tdrilling) over dead time (Tdead) for evaluating rig efficiency. The methodology can compare performance in different scenarios under variable condition with difficult uncertainties. That will lead to utilize the provided resources by oil operators effectively. Several procedures and tactics were developed earlier to evaluate the rig efficiency regarding drilling rate, hole cleaning and rig operations effectiveness, however, they lack for practicality in fields, not applicable in all drilling scenarios, high cost & time impact. Many offset data for rotating time and non-productive time were collected to analysis and monitor the performance of rigs to come up with best estimate of rig performance indicator (RPI) by using technical limit ratio (TLR). The TLR uses, rate of penetration (ROP), Hole cleaning performance (HCP) and rig matrix to finally develop RPI which is ratio that combines ( rotating time plus lost time during drilling over ( dead time plus lost time during rig operations. RPI contains time drilling, rig operations, coring, tripping, completion, blowout preventer equipment (BOPE) nippileing and wellhead work. This is the first time to develop RPI to utilize and evaluate the performance efficiently in real time and was deployed in filed operations. RPI showed recognized improvement in rig efficiency by 50%. Hence, it ca be run in a real-time operating center (RTOC) for meeting fourth industrial revolution for drilling automations. It an effective tool for drilling team to allow immediate evaluation and monitoring for optimizing rig performance
Circ_0047339 promotes the activation of fibroblasts and affects the development of urethral stricture by targeting the miR-4691-5p/TSP-1 axis
Authors: Ding Ke , Li Daoyuan , Zhang Rui , Zuo Meilin
Published: April 2022

Background
Urethral stricture is related to scar tissue fibrosis, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) in the occurrence and development of urethral stricture.
Methods
CircRNA microarray was employed to analyze circRNA expression profiles between human urethral scar tissue and normal urethral tissue. The first nine circRNA differentially expressed were selected for RT-qPCR detection. Urethral scar fibroblasts were isolated from human urethral scar tissue and cultured in vitro. The cells were transfected with si-circ_0047339, LV-circ_0047339, and miR-4691-5p mimic and their corresponding negative controls. Related gene and protein expression was measured by RT-qPCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining, and the cell function was detected by CCK-8 and EDU assay. The targeting relationship between miR-4691-5p and circ_0047339 or TSP-1 was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assay.
Results
The results of circRNA microarray showed that there were 268 differential genes between urethral scar tissue and normal urethral tissue (circRNA expression difference multiple ≥ 2 and p value ≤ 0.05). The enrichment analysis of KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) showed that these circRNAs were significantly correlated with ECM-receptor interaction. The first nine differentially expressed circRNA were selected to predict the circRNA-miRNA network. RT-qPCR results showed that circ_0047339 was upregulated considerably in urethral scar tissue. After silencing circ_0047339, the proliferation of urethral scar cells decreased significantly, and the expression of collagen 1 (COL-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) also reduced. Circ_0047339 as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) could increase the expression of TSP-1 by competitively binding miR-4691-5p. In addition, miR-4691-5p mimic transfection could inhibit the proliferation of urethral scar fibroblasts and the presentation of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), α-SMA and COL-1, while circ_0047339 overexpression eliminated this inhibition.
Conclusion
Our results showed that the dysfunctional circ_0047339 might promote the growth and fibrosis of urethral scar fibroblasts through the ceRNA mechanism, thus promoting the development of urethral stricture via miR-4691-5p/TSP-1 axis.
Correlation of renal oxygenation with renal function in chronic kidney disease: a preliminary prospective study
Authors: Xu Yizeng , Yang Jing , Lu Fang , Ye Chaoyang , Wang Chen
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic hypoxia is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) provides noninvasive evaluation of renal oxygenation. This study aimed to explore the correlation of renal oxygenation evaluated by BOLD-MRI with renal function. Methods: 97 non-dialysis patients with stage 1-5 CKD and healthy volunteers (HVs) recruited in the study. Base on their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the patients were divided into two groups: the mild to moderate renal injury (MMI) group and severe renal injury (SI) group. We measured cortical and medullary T2* (COT2* and MET2*) values in all participants by BOLD-MRI. Physiological indices were also recorded and compared among three groups. Correlation of T2* values with clinical characteristics were determined. Results: The COT2* values were significantly higher than MET2* values in all participants. The COT2* and MET2* values of three groups were ranked as HV> MMI> SI (p< 0.0001). There were positive correlations between the COT2* values, MET2* values and eGFR, Hemoglobin (r> 0.4, p< 0.01), while the serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum cystatin C (Cys C) were significantly negatively correlated with the COT2* and MET2* values (r< -0.7, p< 0.0001). The 24-h urinary protein (24-h Upr) shown weak correlation with the COT2* value (rs= -0.2301, p= 0.0265), and no correlation with the MET2* value (p> 0.05). Urinary microprotein, including urinary alpha1-microglobulin (α1-MG), urinary beta2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and urinary retinol binding protein (RBP), was showed strong correlation with COT2* and MET2* values. According to analysis of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we obtained the optimal cut-point between HV and MMI were “< 61.17 ms” (sensitivity: 91.23%, specificity: 100%) for COT2* values and “< 35.00 ms” (sensitivity: 77.19%, specificity: 100%) for MET2* values, whereas COT2* values (“< 47.34 ms”; sensitivity: 90.00%, specificity: 92.98%) and MET2* values (“< 25.09 ms”; sensitivity: 97.50%, specificity: 80.70%) between MMI and SI. Conclusion: The decline of renal oxygenation reflected on T2* values, especially in cortex, may be an effective diagnostic-marker for early detection of renal injury in CKD patients.
Association between job strain and occurrence of acute stroke; an observational study in Iran
Authors: Vahdati Samad Shams , Ala Alireza , Hosseinzadeh Naeimeh , Asenjan Maryam Rahimpour , Gorashian Gisou , Sarmadian Amirreza Jabbaripour
Published: April 2022

Background
Stroke is a type of circulation dysfunction in some areas of the brain that causes neurologic events. It is one of the main causes of morbidity, mortality and disability around the world. It has various risk factors such as psychosocial stresses. Job strain is one of the main criteria of psychosocial stress. Recent studies have controversial results and conclusions about the association between job strain and acute stroke. Due to the considerable prevalence of stroke in our country and our province and the lack of studies related to occupational stress and acute stroke in our area, in this study we aimed to find out if there is any association between job strain and acute stroke or not.
Findings:
In this study, 301 participants were enrolled. Patients' mean age was 66.93 ± 15.41 years. 49.2% of these patients were male and 50.8% were female. 1.7% of them had night shift jobs and 7% had high strain jobs. 91% of patients had an ischemic stroke and 9% had hemorrhagic stroke. In this study housewives (46.8%), employees (10.6%), farmers (7.9%) and self-employed patients (7.3%) were suffering stroke more frequently.
Conclusions
Based on statistical analysis and mathematical data, no significant association was found between job types, job difficulties, night shifts and stroke as well as two subtypes of stroke. Housewives, employees, farmers and the self-employed patients were suffering acute stroke more frequently.
Is the invasion of deer keds by Lipoptena spp. potentially dangerous for human and animal health?
Authors: Werszko Joanna , Świsłocka Magdalena , Witecka Joanna , Szewczyk Tomasz , Steiner-Bogdaszewska Żaneta , Wilamowski Konrad , Asman Marek
Published: April 2022

Lipoptena cervi and Lipoptena fortisetosa are hematophagous ectoparasites from the Hippoboscidae family that mainly parasitizes Cervidae. These species may also attack humans and its bites may cause allergenic symptoms. The aim of the study was to determine the role of Lipoptena species as a potential vector and/or reservoir of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Bartonella spp. pathogens in forested areas of north-eastern Poland. The presence of B. burgdorferi s.l was shown in 16.6% of L. cervi. Bartonella spp. was detected in 53.5% of L. cervi and in 75.7% of L. fortisetosa, respectively. The conducted study confirmed the presence of Bartonella spp. in L. cervi and L. fortisetosa. The first evidence of Borrelia bugdorferii s.l. in winged specimens of L. cervi was shown. The obtained data indicates that deer keds can harbor these pathogens, but further investigations are required to confirm that Lipoptena could be a biological vector of these pathogens.
Multimorbidity and overall survival among women with breast cancer: Results from the South African breast cancer and HIV outcomes study
Authors: Ayeni Oluwatosin A. , Joffe Maureen , Mapanga Witness , Chen Wenlong Carl , O’Neil Daniel S. , Phakathi Boitumelo , Nietz Sarah , Buccimazza Ines , Čačala Sharon , Stopforth Laura W. , Jacobson Judith S. , Crew Katherine D. , Neugut Alfred I. , Ramiah Duvern , Ruff Paul , Cubasch Herbert , Chirwa Tobias , McCormack Valerie , Micklesfield Lisa K. , Norris Shane A.
Published: April 2022

Background
Breast cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is low, but when diagnosed with breast cancer, many women in SSA also have other chronic conditions. We investigated the impact of multimorbidity (≥ 2 other chronic conditions) on overall survival among women with breast cancer in South Africa.
Methods
Between July 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019, we enrolled women newly diagnosed with breast cancer at six public hospitals participating in the South African Breast Cancer and HIV Outcomes (SABCHO) Study. We examined seven chronic conditions (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, HIV, cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis), and we compared socio-demographic, clinical, and treatment factors between patients with and without each condition, and with and without multimorbidity. We investigated the association of multimorbidity with overall survival using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
Of 3,261 women included in the analysis, 45% had multimorbidity; obesity (53%), hypertension (41%), HIV (22%), and diabetes (13%) were the most common individual conditions. Women with multimorbidity had poorer overall survival at 3 years than women without multimorbidity in both the full cohort (60.8% vs. 64.3%, P = 0.036) and stage groups: stages I-II, 80.7% vs. 86.3% (p = 0.005), and in stage III, 53.0% vs. 59.4% (p = 0.024). In an adjusted model, women with diabetes (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.41), CVD (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.17–1.76), HIV (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06–1.38), obesity + HIV (HR = 1.24 95% CI = 1.04–1.48), and multimorbidity (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.13–1.40) had poorer overall survival than women without these conditions.
Conclusions
Irrespective of stage, multimorbidity at breast cancer diagnosis was an important prognostic factor for survival in our SABCHO cohort. The high prevalence of multimorbidity in our cohort calls for more comprehensive care to improve outcomes for South African women with breast cancer.
Mesenteric adipose tissue-derived Klebsiella variicola disrupts intestinal barrier and promotes colitis by type VI secretion system
Authors: Gong Junli , Yin Shengmei , Wu Jinjie , Liu Chen , Luo Zhanhao , Cheng Wai Ming , Yu Jing , He Zhen , Lan Ping
Published: April 2022

Background:
Mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) in Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with transmural inflammation. Extended mesenteric excision can reduce surgical recurrence and improve long-term outcomes. These findings indicate that MAT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CD. Bacterial translocation has been reported to occur in CD-MAT, but the mechanisms by which translocated bacteria lead to intestinal colitis remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize CD-MAT-specific bacteria and explore their roles in promoting intestinal inflammation.
Methods
We utilized 16S rRNA gene sequencing and culture-omics to characterize the translocated viable bacteria in MAT from CD. The pro-inflammatory role of the identified candidate bacteria was examined using a co-culture assay in vitro and in a colitis mouse model in vivo. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is thought to promote the pro-inflammatory effect, and a CRISPR interference system was employed to knockdown a core gene expression in T6SS.
Results
We report that members of Enterobacteriaceae were enriched in CD-MAT compared with non-CD controls. Viable Klebsiella variicola in Enterobacteriaceae was identified exclusively in CD-MAT, which induces a pro-inflammatory response in vitro and exacerbates colitis in mice. This is the first evidence that colitogenic K. variicola exists in the mesenteric tissue. Active T6SS was found in the K. variicola genome, which could impair the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the ZO-1 expression. Dysfunction of T6SS alleviated the inhibitory effect of K. variicola on ZO-1 expression and attenuated colitis in mice. Importantly, we validated that K. variicola and T6SS were enriched in the gut microbiome of patients with CD, further confirming that they are closely related to the occurrence of CD.
Conclusions
CD mesenteric adipose tissue-derived K. variicola can disrupt the intestinal barrier and promote intestinal colitis induced by T6SS.
Dynamic reconstruction of anal sphincter with camera shutter style double-opposing gracilis flaps and biofeedback training
Authors: Wong Allen Wei-Jian , Tan Grace Hui-Min , Feng Jiajun , Kok Yee Onn , Koh Frederick Hong-Xiang , Chew Min Hoe
Published: April 2022

Purpose Fournier’s gangrene is a life-threatening infection which require prompt recognition, early surgical debridement of unhealthy tissue, and initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Relook debridement are usually performed until all the devitalized tissue has been removed. Involvement of the anal sphincter may result in significant morbidity such as permanent incontinence. Dynamic reconstruction of the anal sphincter has always been one of the holy grails in the field of pelvic reconstruction. Method We demonstrate a new method of camera shutter style double-opposing gracilis muscle flaps that allows dynamic sphincteric function without the need for electrostimulation. With biofeedback training, the patient is able to regain dynamic continence, and return to function without a stoma.Results The patient was able to reverse his stoma 13 months after the initial insult and reconstruction with biofeedback training without the use of electrostimulation. ConclusionWith the inset of bilateral gracilis muscle flap in a double opposing, camera shutter fashion around the anus, reconstruction of anal sphincter can be successful without the use of electrostimulation. Intensive biofeedback training is required after surgery to achieve an acceptable anal resting and squeeze pressure before the reversal of stoma.
Spatio-temporal metabolic rewiring in the brain of TgF344-AD rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Muñoz-Moreno Emma , Simões Rui Vasco , Tudela Raul , López-Gil Xavier , Soria Guadalupe
Published: April 2022

Background: Brain damage associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs even decades before the symptomatic onset, raising the need to investigate its progression from prodromal stages. In this context, animal models that progressively display AD pathological hallmarks (e.g. TgF344-AD) become crucial. Translational technologies, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), enable the longitudinal metabolic characterization of this disease. However, an integrative approach is required to unravel the complex metabolic changes underlying AD progression, from early to advanced stages.Methods: TgF344-AD and wild-type (WT) rats were studied in vivo on a 7 Tesla MRI scanner, for longitudinal quantitative assessment of brain metabolic profile changes using MRS. Disease progression was investigated at 4 time points, from 9 to 18 months of age, and in 4 regions: cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus.Results: Compared to WT, TgF344-AD rats replicated common findings in AD patients, including decreased N-acetylaspartate in the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus, and decreased glutamate in the thalamus and striatum. Different longitudinal evolution of metabolic concentration was observed between TgF344-AD and WT groups. Namely, age-dependent trajectories differed between groups for creatine in the cortex and thalamus and for taurine in cortex, with significant decreases in Tg344-AD animals; whereas myo-inositol in the thalamus and striatum showed greater increase along time in the WT group.Additional analysis revealed divergent intra- and inter-regional metabolic coupling in each group. Thus, in cortex, strong couplings of N-acetylaspartate and creatine with myo-inositol in WT, but with taurine in TgF344-AD rats were observed; whereas in the hippocampus, myo-inositol, taurine and choline compounds levels were highly correlated in WT but not in TgF344-AD animals. Furthermore, specific cortex-hippocampus-striatum metabolic crosstalks were found for for taurine levels in the WT group but for myo-inositol levels in the TgF344-AD rats.Conclusion: With a systems biology perspective of metabolic changes in AD pathology, our results shed light into the complex spatio-temporal metabolic rewiring in this disease, reported here for the first time. Age- and tissue-dependent imbalances between myo-inositol, taurine and other metabolites, such as creatine, unveil their role in disease progression, while pointing to the inadequacy of the latter as an internal reference for quantification.
Lumbar ossification of the ligamentum flavum is associated with the spread of ossification to the entire spinal ligament
Authors: Nakabachi Kazuha , Endo Tsutomu , Takahata Masahiko , Fujita Ryo , Koike Yoshinao , Suzuki Ryota , Hasegawa Yuichi , Murakami Toshifumi , Yamada Katsuhisa , Sudo Hideki , Terkawi Mohamad Alaa , Kadoya Ken , Iwasaki Norimasa
Published: April 2022

Patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the lumbar spine may be at high risk of developing concomitant ossification of the entire spinal ligament, but the etiology remains unclear. We investigated the propensity for spinal ligament ossification in asymptomatic subjects with lumbar OLF using the data of 595 Japanese individuals receiving medical check-ups, including computed tomography (CT) scanning. The severity of OLF (total number of intervertebral segments with OLF) of the entire spine on CT was quantified using an OLF index. Subjects with OLF were grouped according to this index: localized OLF (n = 138), intermediate OLF (n = 70), and extensive OLF (n = 31). The proportion of subjects with lumbar OLF increased with increasing OLF index (localized 13.7%, intermediate 41.4%, and extensive 70.9%). Multiple regression analysis found that lumbar OLF index was associated with thoracic OLF index, and co-existence of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the thoracic and lumbar spine. This study showed that subjects with more multilevel lumbar OLF were more likely to develop multilevel thoracic OLF and to have coexisting OPLL. Patients with lumbar OLF may be a distinctive subgroup with a strong tendency to ossification of the entire spinal ligament.
Response to bridge phase treatment in Medication Overuse Headache
Authors: Togha Mansoureh , Martami Fahimeh , Alikhani Reyhaneh , Saatchi Mohammad , Fattahi Mohammad-Reza
Published: April 2022

Objective: Withdrawal of the overused drugs in medication overuse headache (MOH) can contribute to severe rebound headache and many other symptoms. In this regard, some centers perform bridge therapy during the days of withdrawal to manage the rebound headache and withdrawal symptoms resulting from the discontinuation of the offending drug. To investigate the response to treatment during bridge therapy and the association between different risk factors and response to therapy in patients with MOH.Method: A total of 178 MOH patients with a mean age of 43.29 years and at least one failed outpatient course of treatment was evaluated in the current retrospective cross-sectional study. We investigate the effectiveness of different medications administered during the bridge phase as well as the association between response to treatment and several risk factors. Response to treatment was defined as an improvement of more than 50% in attack duration or intensity 72 hours after receiving treatment.Results: In our MOH series, all patients who received methylprednisolone and about 70% of those who were treated with celecoxib during bridge therapy, had a response rate of more than 50%. Additionally, MOH duration was significantly shorter in patients with a high response to treatment compared to a low response group.Conclusion: Our finding suggests that methylprednisolone and celecoxib with high response rates could be good choices as bridge phase therapy in MOH patients. The inverse relationship between the duration of MOH and response to treatment also emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of MOH.
KHIYAR AL-RU’YAH ON ONLINE TRANSACTIONS; AN ANALYSIS CONTEMPORARY MUAMALAH MALIYAH
Authors: Syaichoni Ahmad , Setiawan Didik
Published: April 2022

This research is backed by the phenomenon of online transactions conducted by the people of the modern era.  Online transactions emerge due to the development of technology and information that can help human beings buy and sell transactions efficiently. However, online transactions pose an individual problem as fraud. Islam governs that every transaction should prioritize a mutual attitude so that no party is harmed. Islam guarantees that all forms of transactions must be free from anything that could harm either party. This article will discuss Islam's concept to protect the parties in the transaction, especially in online transactions. This research is a research library with a normative juridical approach. The data analysis used is content analysis and critic analysis. This research can conclude that al-ru'yah may be applied to online transactions as a form of collateral protection provided to the consumer. Khiyar al-ru'yah attempts to ensure that the consumer knows the goods are transacted so that no party is harmed.
Cultural Diversity: Exploring Eco-Cultural Memories in Hilary Tham’s Tin Mines and Concubines
Authors:   Centre for Research in Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Khoo Siow See , Hashim Ruzy Suliza ,   Centre for Research in Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Raihanah M.M. ,   Centre for Research in Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: April 2022

Motivated by the theme of cultural diversity in Hilary Tham’s Tin Mines and Concubines (2005), a Malaysian fiction that depicts various family stories of multiethnic Malaysians in the 1960s, this article examines the ways in which the author draws on her cultural memories of Malaysian society through the lens of ecocriticism. While cultural memories convey the memories embedded in physical monuments, eco-cultural memories signify memories implanted in ecological substances. Eco-cultural memories entwine both natural and cultural aspects and are essential to the subject of ecocriticism, which emphasises human-non-human links. The research sheds light on Malaysia’s varied cultures by examining cultural memories incorporating animal, plant and culinary aspects. Tham’s perceptions of cultural variety vary according to ethnic origins, cultural upbringing, belief systems, social classes, cultural practices and experiences. In general, examining Tham’s eco-cultural recollections about bodily functions, weddings, superstitions, cultural alienation and social class reveals how the organic relationship between the animal, food and plant components fosters intercultural consciousness and interracial mutual understanding and misunderstanding in Malaysian society.
Analisis Pengaplikasian al-Quranul Karim Sebagai Neraca Kritikan Terhadap Riwayat Al-Maghāzī dan Al-Siyar
Authors:   Jabatan Pengajian Islam, Fakulti Sains Kemanusiaan, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Ramle Muhamad Rozaimi , Abidin Mohd Asri Zainul ,   Jabatan Mufti Perlis, Tingkat 1, Blok A, Bangunan Dato Mahmud Mat, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia, Shamsudin Roshimah ,   Pusat Pengajian Ilmu Kemanusiaan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: April 2022

Al-Maghāzī (peperangan) dan al-Siyar (sejarah) ialah riwayat yang berkaitan dengan kisah peperangan pada zaman Nabi Muhammad SAW. Tidak dinafikan bahawa ulama silam memberikan kelonggaran untuk menerima riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar yang daif selagi tidak berkaitan dengan akidah dan hukum. Namun begitu, ulama juga menetapkan bahawa riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar tidak diterima jika bercanggah dengan dalil lain. Antara kaedah yang mereka gunakan adalah menjadikan al-Quranul Karim sebagai neraca untuk menilai ketepatan riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar. Kajian ini menganalisis metodologi sarjana hadis dalam mengaplikasikan kaedah ini. Metodologi yang akan digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah metodologi perpustakaan. Metodologi deduktif dan induktif digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh daripada rujukan hadis ketika melakukan kritikan terhadap riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar. Kajian mendapati bahawa kaedah menjadikan al-Quran sebagai neraca dalam mengkritik riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar telah pun digunakan oleh sarjana hadis sejak zaman sahabat lagi. Kaedah ini juga diaplikasikan dalam dua keadaan. Pertama, sarjana hadis menolak riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar yang bercanggah dengan ayat al-Quran secara jelas. Kedua, mereka menolak riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar yang tidak selari dengan konteks ayat al-Quran. Kajian ini juga membuktikan bahawa sarjana hadis tidak akan menolak riwayat al-Maghāzī dan al-Siyar melainkan apabila percanggahan tersebut tidak dapat diharmonikan.
Orang Dayak dan Gerakan Komunis di Sarawak, 1963–1990
Authors:   Jabatan Sejarah, Fakulti Sastera dan Sains Sosial, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ho Hui Ling
Published: April 2022

Orang Dayak yang merupakan penduduk majoriti di Sarawak juga tidak dapat lari daripada gerakan komunis. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan kepentingan dan pelibatan orang Dayak dalam gerakan komunis dan strategi komunis dalam menarik penyertaan mereka. Pada tahun 1960-an, komunis berdepan dengan masalah mendapatkan bantuan dan sokongan di Bahagian Pertama Sarawak iaitu Kuching. Dalam keadaan itu, komunis beralih ke Bahagian Ketiga Sarawak (Rajang) yang dihuni oleh ramai orang Dayak. Komunis berharap golongan ini dapat membantu kegiatan mereka. Kajian ini disempurnakan dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu mengumpul dan menganalisis sumber primer serta sekunder dari arkib dan perpustakaan di Kuala Lumpur serta Kuching. Kajian ini mendapati komunis menyedari orang Dayak adalah penting dalam menggerakkan kegiatan mereka di Sarawak. Petempatan orang Dayak yang tertumpu di kawasan pedalaman tidak mudah dikesan oleh pihak berkuasa. Mereka juga sukar dihubungi oleh pihak kerajaan dan pasukan keselamatan kerana masalah sistem perhubungan. Justeru, komunis menggunakan pelbagai strategi untuk menarik perhatian dan penyertaan mereka. Komunis mendampingi masyarakat Dayak dengan mempelajari bahasa dan budaya, menjalin ikatan kekeluargaan, memperjuangkan kepentingan serta menggalakkan penyatuan mereka dengan kaum lain. Walaupun demikian, gerakan komunis kurang mendapat sambutan dalam kalangan orang Dayak.
Growing Up with Ghosts: Dynamics of Rememory and Trauma in a Malaysian Filial Memoir
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, M.M. Raihanah , Idrus Mohd Muzhafar ,   Faculty of Major Language Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Published: April 2022

Communicating stories matter when writers highlight the dynamics of mining the most private experiences for material. Whether humiliating or painful, it is often in the hands of writers that stories are made profound, interesting and fascinating. Yet, to readers, vivid scenarios, specific identification, convincing characters and real-life snapshots, just to name a few, present insights into human condition. Malaysian writers who report such investigations describing more than just their own memories and histories include Bernice Chauly and her critically acclaimed memoir, “Growing Up with Ghosts”. “Growing Up with Ghosts” begins with a private memory of a four-year-old girl at the freak drowning of her father and gradually unfolds into a patrio/matriographic memoir that recounts the paternal and maternal history of her Chinese and Punjabi ancestries. Using key concepts of memory theory and trauma studies including rememory, postmemory and empathic unsettlement, this article primarily examines the collection of episodic and semantic memory presented in the memoir. The reflexive and often sporadic, chaotic recounts following the death of her father provides a vivid depiction of the experience of post-parental death. The findings reveal how the filial memoir implicates the reader through “empathic unsettlement” of the trauma suffered by the memoirist through acts of memory, rememory and postmemory. The reader also suffers the burden through postmemory in the act of reading the delayed, indirect and secondary memory of the memoirist. Reading a multigenre, multivocal narrative can capture the theme of loss and grief not merely as a form of selfpositioning, but more significantly, as a move towards creating an “identity forging discourse”.
Organizações policiais e tecnologias: proposta de uma agenda de pesquisas para os estudos organizacionais
Authors: Vianna Fernando Ressetti Pinheiro Marques , Rezende Gustavo Matarazzo , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: April 2022

Este ensaio tem como objetivo central pensar as possibilidades de estudos que a adoção de tecnologias em organizações policiais, também chamada de organização de trabalho extremo, pode sugerir à área dos Estudos Organizacionais. Para tanto, apresentamos as organizações policiais como tipo organizacional único enquanto organizações políticas e que fazem parte do aparato público. A partir dessa exposição inicial, tratamos dos tensionamentos presentes entre a organização policial e a adoção de tecnologias como forma de legitimação. Posteriormente, indicamos como base para a reflexão quatro tecnologias trazidas pela literatura presentes na prática policial contemporânea: câmeras, reconhecimento facial, Big Data e mapeamento genético. Com a análise das referidas tecnologias e as informações mais recentes sobre suas possibilidades quando adotadas pela polícia, sugerimos uma agenda de pesquisa dentro dos Estudos Organizacionais por meio de três frentes: racionalização e salvacionismo tecnológico; vigilância, raça e gênero; e capitalismo de vigilância e dark side da digitalização.
A new concept of a rotating hollow fibre membrane module:impact of rotation on fine-bubble aeration
Authors: Mahdariza Fathul , Domingo Rimoldi Ignacio , Henkel Jochen , Morck Tobias
Published: April 2022

A new concept of a rotating membrane module in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system was tested for its effect on oxygen transfer in clean water and wastewater. The membrane module consists of horizontally aligned hollow fibres connected to the vertically positioned permeate tube which rotates. The results indicated that oxygen transfer can be improved by up to 50% at the highest applied rotational speed (50 rpm) and that the additional energy demand required for the rotation can be compensated by the enhanced oxygen transfer. However, at the highest rotational speed (50 rpm), the fine bubbles bypassed the MBR module, and, consequently, could not contribute to any cleaning effect. The α-factors at different rotational speeds showed similar results. This indicates that the depletion was caused neither by surfactants nor by viscosity phenomena but rather by the floc/solid holdup of the sludge.
Features of marital relationships in young families.
Authors: Schastlivenko Iuniana Evgenevna
Published: April 2022

Annotation. This article presents an analysis of research on the relationship of satisfaction with marriage with the ability to resolve conflicts, and the ability to distribute functions in the family. The article examines the statistics of divorces in Russia. What factors lead young married couples to divorce. The phenomenon of satisfaction with marriage and what factors influence it is also investigated. The definition of a "young family" is being clarified.
Cadeia Curta Agroalimentar Sustentável do Feijão: Sob a Ótica do Movimento Slow Food
Authors: Brusamolin Jr Leonardo Afonso , Sampaio Carlos Alberto Cioce , Santos Luciane Cristina Ribeiro dos
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a cadeia curta agroalimentar sustentável do feijão, produto consumido/comercializado no restaurante Quintana (Curitiba, Brasil). A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, de viés qualitativo e cunho descritivo a partir de um estudo de caso. Os resultados apontam que a cadeia curta agroalimentar do feijão, no tocante à sustentabilidade, se apresenta com características diferentes e próprias em cada elo da cadeia. Os princípios do Slow Food no que se refere  a garantir um alimento “bom”, “limpo”, “justo”, possui relação direta com os impactos positivos em relação à sustentabilidade ambiental, econômica, social, espacial e cultural. Do mesmo modo, a cadeia se comporta como arranjo socioprodutivo, conforme estabelecidos nas experiências de ecossocioeconomias, e apresenta-se como estratégia para garantir sua governança. Como conclusão, os princípios e valores do movimento Slow Food, foram identificados e demonstrados como suporte para a operação do Restaurante Quintana e o desenvolvimento da ecogastronomia.
Formulation of Public Policies: Governance Reasons for the Low Efficiency in the Brasília Solar Program
Authors: Capelari Mauro Guilherme Maidana , Resende Mariana , Toni Fabiano , Araújo Suely Mara Vaz Guimarães
Published: April 2022

In this article, the authors investigated the governance involved in the formulation process of the Brasília Solar Program (PBS). The PBS engaged forty entities in a partnership for the generation and use of photovoltaic solar energy in Brasília. The methodology involved the use of document techniques and semi-structured interviews conducted between 2017 and 2018. The study revealed that the number of entities participating in the formulation of the PBS was lower than expected, which can be attributed to the centralized decision arrangements and to low autonomy. The actors involved demonstrated homogeneity in the interpretation of the objectives and in the justifications of the program. The PBS adopted unilateral monitoring mechanisms that hindered the participation of the actors and was not able to provide channels for the resolution of conflicts and for the application of penalties for free rides.
O Turismo Rural Pedagógico como Estratégia para a Valorização do Patrimônio Cultural e Natural nas Áreas Rurais
Authors: Elesbão Ivo , Klein Angela Luciane , De Souza Marcelino
Published: April 2022

As transformações ocorridas no espaço rural têm contribuído para a configuração de uma nova realidade rural, assinalada pela dinamicidade e diversidade de serviços e novos postos de trabalho. Nesse cenário, novas atividades socioeconômicas começam a surgir, favorecendo a geração de emprego e renda e, concomitantemente, a valorização do patrimônio natural e cultural. É o caso do Turismo Rural Pedagógico, caracterizado por um conjunto de práticas educativas realizadas no âmbito da propriedade rural, que utiliza como recurso didático as atividades agrícolas, a produção agropecuária e os bens naturais e culturais ali existentes. Nesses termos, o presente estudo visa apresentar as contribuições do Turismo Rural Pedagógico enquanto estratégia que favorece a valorização do patrimônio cultural e natural nas áreas rurais. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se como base de análise três estudos científicos desenvolvidos por um conjunto de pesquisadores, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, realizados na região sul e sudeste do Brasil entre os anos de 2012 e 2015. A análise contemplou quatro experiências distintas: o Roteiro Caminhos Rurais de Porto Alegre (RS); o Projeto Viva Ciranda (Joinville – SC); o Projeto Turismo Rural e Escola - Fazendo Eco (Brasília, DF) e o Roteiro do Turismo Rural Pedagógico do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo). Os resultados destacam que tal atividade não apenas contribui para a visibilidade e valorização da agricultura e dos espaços rurais, atribuindo-lhes novas funções (educativa, ambiental, social, patrimonial), como também favorece a interação entre campo e cidade, a preservação do meio ambiente e a conservação da cultura rural. Conclui-se assim, que o Turismo Rural Pedagógico emerge como uma alternativa eficaz, cujas potencialidades perpassam por diferentes dimensões, desde a econômica e social, até a ambiental e cultural.
Nova Metodologia para Análise do Impacto do Atropelamento de Fauna: Estudo de Caso Paraty-Cunha
Authors: Lins Gustavo Aveiro , Barbosa Oscar Rocha , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: April 2022

As rodovias também estão associadas a importantes impactos ambientais negativos, sobretudo desmatamento e redução da fauna. Dentre tais efeitos negativos, a mortalidade da fauna por atropelamento tem destaque. O entendimento do impacto ambiental causado pelo atropelamento da fauna é fundamental para o gerenciamento ambiental de rodovias. O propósito deste trabalho é propor uma nova metodologia de avaliação de impacto ambiental em decorrência do atropelamento da fauna. Como estudo de caso, a metodologia proposta foi aplicada em momentos distintos da obra de restauração da rodovia Paraty-Cunha (RJ-165). Por meio da aplicação da metodologia proposta nesta tese, foi possível analisar de uma forma inédita, os impactos ambientais causados pelo atropelamento de vertebrados em uma rodovia, certamente aportando resultados mais precisos e consistentes. Ficou evidente que os impactos ambientais causados pelo atropelamento de vertebrados na rodovia Paraty-Cunha (RJ-165), se mostrou relevante, e ainda a existência de trechos mais propícios ao atropelamento de vertebrados não só quantitativamente, mas também qualitativamente.
Análise dos Parâmetros Limnológicos de um Rio Inserido em uma Paisagem Antropizada
Authors: Oliveira Erica Zanardo , Silva Fabio Leandro , Cunha-Santino Marcela Bianchessi da , Bianchini Júnior Irineu
Published: April 2022

A qualidade da água depende da interação entre os processos naturais e as atividades antrópicas que ocorrem na bacia hidrográfica. O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma do Brasil; sendo responsável por abranger ca. 43% da água superficial fora da Amazônia; todavia, esse bioma tem sido convertido em outros usos da terra, alterando a qualidade da água e afetado negativamente os usos desse recurso pela sociedade. Neste sentido, o monitoramento ambiental e a adoção de parâmetros ambientais de referência permitem a classificação de corpos hídricos e a promoção dos usos múltiplos da água. Sendo assim, partindo do questionamento sobre a interferência antrópica nas variáveis limnológicas na bacia hidrográfica do rio Jacaré-Guaçu, buscou-se testar hipóteses sobre a modificações entre as variáveis em relação aos cursos do rio, às estações hidrológicas (seca e cheia) e entre 2015 e 2016. Para tal, foram utilizados os dados de 15 variáveis limnológicas disponibilizadas pela Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB). O emprego do Diagrama de Pareto e de análises estatísticas mostraram a existência de não conformidades de algumas variáveis limnológicas, alterações no gradiente longitudinal do rio Jacaré-Guaçu com forte influência da sazonalidade.
Qualitative Aspects of Biogas Production in a Small-Scale Biodigester by Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste from University Environment
Authors: Silva Carlos Emílio Vieira da , Marder Munique , Hickman Eugênia Vargas , Oliveira Guilherme Moraes de , Konrad Odorico
Published: April 2022

Organic waste are materials that, in balanced natural environments, spontaneously degrade and recycle nutrients in nature's processes. The adoption of appropriate methods for the management of organic waste is essential for urban, peri-urban and rural development. The use of Small-scale biodigestion systems in urban areas and mainly in rural areas is a real alternative. Biogas is a renewable source of energy used as a substitute for natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. From the anaerobic decomposition of different types of biomass and substrates, we have the metabolic product called biogas, a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases such as hydrogen sulfide. The quality of the biogas generated has a direct effect on its use as an energy source, requiring a minimum fraction of CH4 for its combustion and for other processes such as the transformation of the biogas generated into biofuel, its purification to remove the portions of other gases present its necessary. This work evaluated the quality of the biogas generated in a small-scale biodigester, based on the decomposition of food waste from the university environment. A mobile laboratory analyzed the composition of the biogas generated. The results showed that this substrate and its heterogeneity has enormous potential for generating biogas with excellent amounts of methane CH4 composition minimum value was 58.46%, the maximum reached 68.41% and the average was 65.44%. Regarding the presence of CO2 within the biogas evaluated, the minimum value of CO2 was 38.02%; the maximum value was 44.39% and the average stayed in 38.55%. Hydrogen in the composition minimum value was 7.41 ppm, 13.42 ppm maximum and average of 9.63 ppm. H2S minimum value obtained was 0.0 ppm, reaching the maximum value of 249.76 ppm, with average of 138.75 ppm.
Saúde e Desenvolvimento Sustentável no Brasil: Análise das Produções Científicas Pós Rio+20
Authors: Santos Daniela Alves Cardeal dos , Horochovski Rodrigo Rossi , Horochovski Marisete Teresinha Hoffmann , Junckes Ivan Jairo
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho analisa a produção do conhecimento que relaciona desenvolvimento sustentável e saúde no Brasil tendo como questionamento central: como estão dispostas a produção e disseminação do conhecimento científico sobre a temática disponível em artigos publicados em português no Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC no período de 2012 a 2018? Para a realização da pesquisa, utilizou-se um corpus analítico com 80 artigos que, submetido às métricas da análise de redes sociais (ARS), possibilitou uma investigação quantitativa e qualitativa dos metadados. Os dados coletados foram dispostos em planilhas e manipulados para estudos relacionais através de redes/grafos no software de análise de redes sociais Gephi. Pela métricas estatísticas e pela modularização da rede unimodal de palavras-chave e referências, foi possível observar a geração de quatro comunidades temáticas: Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Indicadores, Inovação e Políticas Públicas. O achado principal da pesquisa é a centralidade, na produção sobre as interfaces entre saúde e desenvolvimento sustentável, de temas como inovação, formulação e implantação participativa de políticas públicas de saúde comprometidas com a qualidade de vida e a construção de ambientes saudáveis, visando à efetiva mudança social. Do ponto de vista institucional, constatou-se a proeminência da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) como centro irradiador da produção sobre as interfaces entre saúde e desenvolvimento sustentável. À guisa de conclusão, a perspectiva interdisciplinar presente no corpus pesquisado pode contribuir para as discussões científicas a respeito das agendas ambientais por priorizarem uma sociedade saudável e um ecossistema sustentável.
Antimicrobial Activity an Physicochemical Characterization of Extracts and Fractions of Rosmarinus officinalis and Origanum vulgare
Authors: Chaul Luiza Toubas , Alves Virgínia Farias , Sá Stone de , Oliveira Leandra de Almeida Ribeiro , Fiuza Tatiana de Sousa , Torres Ieda Maria Sapateiro , Conceição Edemilson Cardoso da , Paula José Realino de
Published: April 2022

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is a shrubby woody with bittersweet taste,  used in chips, broths, desserts, cookies, jams, fruit salads, and marmalades. Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is a small plant used in meats, salads, soups, rice, potatoes and boiled eggs, as well as for perfuming and flavoring oils. Both have medicinal and aromatic properties. The aims of this study were: characterize, standardize herbal drugs, crude ethanol extracts  and concentrated extracts of R. officinalis and O. vulgare, determine the polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids content; quantify the rosmarinic acid;  evaluate the antimicrobial activity of rosmarinic acid, extracts, fractions of R. officinalis and O. vulgare against foodborne and clinical strains. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method. The hexane and dichloromethane fractions of R. officinalis and O. vulgare and rosmarinic acid exhibited good inhibitory activity against some Gram-positive bacteria and food isolates. Ethyl acetate fraction of R. officinalis, concentrated extract, and fractions of O. vulgare and rosmarinic acid presented good inhibitory activity against Cryptococcus.  These fractions have promising potential in the control of food pathogens and they can be used in the future as an alternative natural preservative in the industry.