bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Tarif Angkutan Jalan Raya terhadap Perekonomian dan Distribusi Pendapatan DKI Jakarta: Sebuah Model Komputasi Keseimbangan Umum
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi , Simarmata Djamester , Hartono Djoni
Published: May 2018

Sebagai kota metropolitan, ketergantungan Jakarta kan sektor transportasi sangat besar. Transportasi publik sejak lama telah dilihat sebagai masalah perkotaan yang strategis, seperti yang terlihat mayoritas penduduk Jakarta sangat tergantung pada angkutan publik. Untuk itu, menyediakan pelayanan transportasi publik yang murah dan dapat diandalkan menjadi tanggung jawab yang sangat penting bagi pemerintah DKI Jakarta.Transportasi publik di Jakarta adalah sektor yang tergantung pada bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energinya, yang berarti bahwa peningkatan pada harga bahan bakar (BBM) akan menyebabkan peningkatan pada tarif angkutan. Mulai 1 Maret 2005, pemerintah telah mengumumkan peningkatan harga BBM sebesar 30-40%, dan sebagai akibatnya, pemillik transportasi publik menuntut peningkatan dalam tarif angkutan. Ini merupakan sebab mengapa pemerintah memutuskan meningkatkan tarif sebesar 8-19%, yang dinyatakan dalam Keputusan Gubernur DKI Jakarta No 412 tahun 2005. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menganalisa dampak dari kebijakan tarif angkutan publik terhadap perekonomian Jakarta, khususnya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Studi ini berusaha memformulasikan kebijakan regional yang penting bagi Jakarta untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari kebijakan energi nasional terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Untuk ini dibangun model 'regional computable general equilibrium' (regional CGE). Model CGE dibangun berdasarkan model yang telah dikembangkan sebelumnya dengan menggunakan data yang telah di updated.
PERKEMBANGAN HUBUNGAN ANTAR SEKTOR DAN ANTAR DAERAH DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA: ANALISA MODEL INTER REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT TAHUN 1995 DAN 2000
Authors: Hirawan Susiati B. , Kholis Nur
Published: May 2018

The changes in sectors and linkages in Indonesian economy have been changing thus affecting the structure. This study aims to evaluate the changes in the nation ‘s economic structure by focusing on the development of intra/inter sectors and intra/inter regions linkage using interregional input-Output (IRlO) model in 1995 and 2000 data. The model analyzes the changes by applying the concept of technical coefficient stability, testing changes on the coefficients, and exploring the basic IRIO modeL The study found that there has been a significant decrease of relative relationship between sectors and regions in Indonesian economy albeit of seemingly insignjfìcant. Further, the analysis in intra and inter regions showed that an increase in intra regions relationship has not been significant meanwhile the decrease of inter regions relationship has been significant. The studies also revealed that industry was a high potential sector in national development priorities not only because of its high multiplier but also its role in strengthening and increasing the interactions of intra/inter sectors and intra/inter regions.
ANALISIS PENAWARAN TENAGA KERJA TERHADAP KEGIATAN NON USAHA TANI OLEH RUMAH TANGGA TANI : Studi Kasus di Di Kecamatan Wonosari Kabupaten Gunung kidul Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Nachrowi Nachrowi D.
Published: May 2018

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the labor supply on the non-agricultural activities and the of income from non-agricultural activities to the structure and distribution of farmer household income.To reach the goals, three models are developed. The first and second models are labor supply models of husband and wife, respectively. For both models, the dependent variables are labor supplies proxied by work-hours of non-agricultural activities per year. While the independent variables for both models are area of land used, wage level in non-agricultural, age, number of household member with age above and below 5 years, number of working household members, and location of the household. The third model is a model with contribution of non-agricultural income as its dependent variable, while its independent variable is area of land used. The data source for this research istaken from a primary survey, while the secondary data gathered BPS in Gunung Kidul.The study shows that husband labor supply on non-agricultural activities is affected by the area of land used, wage level, education level, number of household members, and household location. But, education level and number of working household members are not giving significant influence to husband labor supply on non agricultural sectors. Furthermore, wife labor supply is influenced by the area of land used, wage level, age, education level, number of household members with age below 5 years, and household location. In the contrary, number of household members of age over 5 years and number of working household members aren 't seem to have significant effect on wife labor supply model on non agricultural activities.
Interregional Inequality, Decentralization, and Corruption in Indonesia
Authors: Sukadana I Wayan
Published: May 2018

Decentralization has been implemented for eight years. However, corruption has not been lessened yet within the decentralization era. Bad regulations and investment climate are suspected to be a cause of the situations. Good regulation and investment climate appear if the interjurisdictional competitions exist. The incentive for competition is the equality of economic endowment among regions, or each region has their own tradeable ”technology” that comparable to others. Inequality in ”technology“ implies that the region with rich ”technology” is more attractive eventhough there are bad regulation and the investment climate. In contrary, in region with less "technology", corruption will appear because of weak control of the society to the bureaucracy. The strong assumption of this paper is short memories of voters. This paper attempts to estimate and to model the relation between economic variable and corruption. The estimation uses the cross section data among kabupaten/kota in Indonesia in 2004. The estimation shows that economic endowment variable positively and significant correlated to the investment level. On the other hand, the effect of corruption is statistically insignificant in explaining the investment level. The subsequent part of this paper attempts to estimate and to model how the heterogeneity or inequality in ”technology” affects the existence of corruption in Indonesia. The OLS regression of heterogeneity of domestic product (PDRB) against corruption index shows that the heterogeneity positively correlated with corruption level.
Divergent Struggles for Identity and Safeguarding Human Values: A Postcolonial Analysis of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun
Authors: Muhammad Aisha Mustapha
Published: May 2018

In the novel Adichie uncovers the characters’ struggles based on the loss of Identity and Human values which is basically the result of the Nigerian civil war. The characters strive to bring back what they lost due to the war. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie was born much later after the Nigerian civil war of 1966-1969. Chimamanda Adichie had the interest to revive history of the war; she used her imaginative talent in bringing what she hadn’t experienced. The novel Half of a Yellow Sun is a literary work which uses the theory of post-colonialism or post-colonial studies, it is a term that is used to analyze and explain the legacy of colonialism through the study of a particular book. Colonialism did not happen during the colonial era only but extended to after independence of the countries that were colonized. The novel Half of a Yellow Sun shows the effect of colonialism after independence of Nigeria. Adichie believes that by bringing back the issue of the war, the growing generation would understand more about the war. According to her in Nigeria the history taught in the primary and secondary schools is not complete, some parts were removed and nobody is allowed to talk about it. So through the novel, she tries to go through history to see what has happened, so that she can make the young generation understand history better. The book opens with a poem by Chinua Achebe about the Nigerian civil war.
An Empirical Study on Socio-Economic Conditions of Fishermen of North-East Coastal Region of India
Authors: Majumder Amit
Published: May 2018

Fishing is recognised as a source of food since the Stone Age. A fisherman is the one who is involved in the process of capturing fish and other species from a water body for living and earning purposes, which started with an objective of survival and transformed into a source of business. According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, fish output in India doubled between 1990 and 2010. India acquires 8129 kilometres of marine coastline involving over 1.5 million people who are directly or indirectly related to fishing industry. Being a natural consumable resource it contributes to food security of India, fish is considered as a consumable source and an income source simultaneously. Traditionally, there exist primarily two forms of fishing-Inland Fishing and Marine Fishing. While the former is preferable to the local customers in India due to variety of tastes, on the other hand the Marine Fishing is considered as one of the significant foreign exchange earners as well as suppliers of huge nutritional requirements for this vast population. Nearly 60 per cent of Indian fish productions are coming from coastal fishing. To step up deep-sea fishing activities, in 1977 the Government extended its territorial control over 200 nautical miles in the ocean. This zone was termed as ‘Exclusive Economic Zone’ (EEZ). About 6.3% of global fish production as well as 1.1% of Indian GDP and 5.15% of agricultural GDP is contributed by Indian fishing industry.
Effect of financial leverage on firm growth: empirical evidence from listed firms in Amman stock exchange
Authors: Hamouri Basem , Al-Rdaydeh Mahmoud , Ghazalat Anas
Published: May 2018

Past studies have mostly investigated the significance of financial attributes in trade affairs of developed countries, while dismissing such importance among developing nations. As such, this study looked into the influence of financial leverage upon the growth of Jordanian firms. For that purpose, a sample of 91 firms from Jordan had been analyzed via panel data regression method for the period between 2006 and 2015. As a result, the findings portrayed the irrelevance between financial leverage and growth of assets, but a significantly positive correlation with the growth of sales and employment. On top of that, this study revealed that growth of sales and employment had been significantly and positively correlated with firm size. In short, this study dismissed the speculation the constraint Jordanian firms were in, but on the contrary, displayed the ability to gain external financing to ascertain successful progress.
Investigating the effect of motivation on entrepreneurial intention: three different approaches
Authors: Purwana Dedi , Suhud Usep
Published: May 2018

This study aims to measure the impact of entrepreneurial motivation on the entrepreneurial intention of Muslim vocational school students. There is a lack of scholarly attention focusing on the Muslim students in the entrepreneurship field of the study. There were three models to be tested in this study. The first model covered six dimensions of motivation linked directly to entrepreneurial intention. The second model grouped the dimensions under the motivation variable. The third model linked taking motivation to giving motivation and giving motivation to entrepreneurial intention. Data were collected from 626 vocational school students in Jakarta. The exploratory and structural equation models were used for data analysis. This study found that, in the first model tested, “entrepreneur is cool” dimension had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. In the second model tested, “entrepreneurial is cool”, “financial freedom”, and “public service” dimensions represented entrepreneurial motivation that could predict Muslim students’ entrepreneurial intention. In the third model, taking motivation significantly affected giving motivation and giving motivation significantly affected intention. Recommendations for educators and future study are discussed.
Effect of steam explosion on physicochemical properties of waste activated sludge and the performance of anaerobic digestion
Authors: Zhang Yan , Han Peng , Liu He , Zhang Lihui , Liu Hongbo , Fu Bo
Published: May 2018

The effect of steam explosion on physicochemical properties of sludge and the performance of anaerobic digestion (AD) was investigated. The steam explosion was conducted under different combinations of temperature and time, ranging 151–198 °C and 4–12 min respectively. The capillary suction time (CST) and viscosity of the sludge was increased with particle size decreased by improved hydrolysis temperature and prolonged hydrolysis time. The best sludge solubilization achieved was 41.3% under pretreatment condition of 198 °C and 4 min. Biogas production was enhanced with the improved sludge solubilization, and a linear correlation was found between biogas production and the severity factor (logR0) of steam explosion. However, the biogas productivity was reduced when the logR0 was increased from 3.79 to 3.96, probably owing to the generation of refractory organics during the high severity pretreatment. The temperature of 198 °C and the time of 8 min were the recommended operation parameters of steam explosion pretreatment for sludge AD, which could improve biogas production by 99.7 mL/g VSfed. The pH and NH4+-N during sludge AD was increased by steam explosion pretreatment; however, no inhibition on biogas production was observed.
Психологические особенности символизации у неслышащих в период юности
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Колтунова Елена Аркадьевна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with results of a diagnostic study of revealing the distinctions in symbolization among the deaf and the hearing in the period of youth. More than half of deaf respondents demonstrate the simplest way of symbolization. Symbols-properties prevail in their individual consciousness; these symbols-properties do not make it possible to reveal qualitative differences of a symbol and a sign, which indicates the interpretation of symbolical values on the basis of a single significant sign. They have difficulties when comparing symbols even in a single subject area, cannot interpret it in various intensional contexts. Findings indicate the necessity of the development of the aimed didactic technologies which, considering the specificity of the sense sphere of the deaf, will initiate the development of their symbolical function.
Влияние среды интернатного учреждения на психоэмоциональное развитие детей
Authors: Скорик Елена Александровна
Published: May 2018

The article examines the problem of the environmental influence on the development of personality; the author describes the social environment of the boarding school where the child learns social regularities and relations which has a decisive importance for the psychoemotional development and manifestation of adaptation abilities of orphan children. The process of adaptation of personality is considered in the light of correlation with the socialization concept. The article brings forward the analysis of the data obtained experimentally corroborating the necessity of psychological support for children in conditions of deprivation.
Ценностно-смысловые установки как фактор формирования антитеррористического сознания в поликультурной среде ВУЗА
Authors: Кагермазова Лаура Цараевна , Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Богуславская Виктория Фёдоровна
Published: May 2018

The authors argue that when an individual enters into another sociocultural field, he/she adopts new cultural senses necessary for the restoration of the broken sense correspondence of consciousness and being of the individual. However, the adoption of new cultural senses may lead to deep sense-value dissonances as a result of the clash of discrepant senses – the senses of the person and the senses of the new sociocultural environment. When forming anti-terrorist consciousness the technologies of the directed forming sense-value attitudes focused on features of development of sense guidelines of students in the polycultural, interethnic, and interfaith environment should be used.
Об особенностях развития установок антитеррористического сознания в молодежной среде
Authors: Кара Жанна Юрьевна , Крутелёва Людмила Юрьевна
Published: May 2018

In the article there are considered the characteristic features of the integrated interdisciplinary approach as a special technology of the directed creation and development of attitudes of antiterrorist consciousness of the youth in the course of training. The authors discuss possibilities and resources of the given approach in various interdisciplinary contexts and distinguish such features as training on the common ground of various disciplines, students’ independent work, the peer coaching and also practical training of students with younger generation in educational institutions of different level (preschool children and schoolchildren) in the context of their basic professional work.
Проблема этнической толерантности у студентов современных вузов
Authors: Саакян Оксана Сааковна
Published: May 2018

The article focuses on an urgent problem of today’s system of higher education – on the problem of ethnic tolerance in the process of training. The author carries out the study of the dynamics of ethnic tolerance among Russian students during coeducation with representatives of various ethnic groups. 120 people – second-year, third-year, and forth-year students – took part in the study. The author demonstrates that higher ethnic tolerance towards representatives of other cultures characterizes senior students.
Психологические технологии оздоровления студентов вуза как компонент формирования антиэкстремистских установок в молодежной среде
Authors: Филатов Филипп Робертович
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the potential of the application of health-improving psychological technologies to forming anti-extremist tolerant attitudes in the youth environment. In the article the author analyzes problems of psychological health of university students in their interrelation with problems of tolerance and extremism in the youth environment. The author brings forward a three-level model of psychological health of students and describes its specific parameters and integral indices. The results of the monitoring of psychological health of students of various departments of Southern Federal University (SFedU) (573 respondents) are adduced; the revealed factorial structures in subgroups of male and female students and their qualitative psychological characteristics are described. The author suggests his own classification of psychological health-improving technologies and a scheme of health-improving work in the university on the basis of the offered three-level model of psychological health.
Hsp90 Quaternary Structures and the Chaperone Cycle: Highly Flexible Dimeric and Oligomeric Structures and Their Regulation by Co-Chaperones
Authors: Lepvrier Eléonore , Thomas Daniel , Garnier Cyrille
Published: May 2018

Proposed models of the function of Hsp90 are characterised by high flexibility of the dimeric state and conformational changes regulated by both nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, and by co-chaperone interactions. In addition to its dimeric state, Hsp90 self-associates upon particular stimuli. The Hsp90 dimer is the building block up to the hexamer that we named “cosy nest”, and the dodecamer results from the association of two hexamers. Oligomers exhibit chaperone activity, but their exact mechanism of action has not yet been determined. One of the best ways to elucidate how oligomers might operate is to study their interactions with co-chaperone proteins known to regulate the Hsp90 chaperone cycle, such as p23 and Aha1. In this review, we summarise recent results and conclude that Hsp90 oligomers are key players in the chaperone cycle. Crucible-shaped quaternary structures likely provide an ideal environment for client protein accommodation and folding, as is the case for other Hsp families. Confirmation of the involvement of Hsp90 oligomers in the chaperone cycle and a better understanding of their functionality will allow us to address some of the more enigmatic aspects of Hsp90 activity. Utilising this knowledge, future work will highlight how Hsp90 oligomers and co-chaperones cooperate to build the structures required to fold or refold numerous different client proteins.
Intelligent Water Drop Based Coverage-Connectivity and Lifespan Maximization Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sharma R. , Lobiyal D.K.
Published: May 2018

Background:

A significant issue of consideration in wireless sensor networks is to reduce the
energy utilization while preserving the required coverage and connectivity of an area of interest. We
have revised all patents relating to preserving of energy in sensor motes of the wireless sensor networks.

Methods:

We proposed a novel; Intelligent Water Drop based coverage-connectivity and lifespan protocol
which minimizes energy consumption of the network. In this routing protocol, sensors are partitioned
into the connected first layer and connected successive layer sets and a scheduling mechanism
has been used to activate and deactivate sensors. Multi-hoping is used to transmit packets from sensors
to the Base Station and sensor with maximum residual energy has been selected as the next hop. Power
wastage has been avoided by removing duplicate information through a common relay node.

Results:

We have derived the expected number of sensors required to cover an area of interest and our
protocol gives a long life to the network. A theorem has been provided to validate the results for different
communication ranges of sensors.

Conclusion:

The protocol has been compared with other protocols and it proved better than other protocols
in terms of the lifespan and the coverage ratio of the area. Results approve that our protocol reduces
the problem of energy holes and maintains the connectivity of the network.
Bubble Detection in Lithium-ion Polymer Cell Sheet Using Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Ma Liyong , Ma Chengkuan , Tang Lidan
Published: May 2018

Background:

As lithium-ion polymer battery has high energy density and it is easy to be manufactured into different shapes, it arouses more interests of both technology and application recently. The quality of the lithium-ion polymer battery is essential to all the applications, and the detection of bubble defect in cell sheets is critical to the quality control of batteries. Recent patents on flaw detection in cell sheet are reviewed.

Method:

A novel application is developed to detect bubble defect in cell sheets of lithium-ion polymer battery by using extreme learning machine. The image processing methods and the selected features for bubble detection are detailed. Gaussian mixture model density estimation for extreme learning machine is developed to solve the problem of lack of enough flaw samples for classification learning.

Results:

The comparison of classification correction rate of different methods showed that the classification accuracy of the proposed method was between 99% and 100%. The proposed method was able to keep the superior performance of accuracy with the different sample numbers, and it had most satisfactory performance with varies of sample number. Experimental results also showed that the number of nodes in the hidden layer had little influence on the classification accuracy in the proposed method.

Conclusion:

All these experiments have shown that the proposed method has the best performance and the proposed bubble detection method is more efficient than other learning-based methods, and the proposed method has the potential to defect detection in other image processing applications.
Treatment of Zygomatic Complex Fractures with Surgical or Nonsurgical Intervention: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Starch-Jensen Thomas , Linnebjerg Linda Busk , Jensen Janek Dalsgaard
Published: May 2018

Objective:

Evaluate the 1-year treatment outcome of zygomatic complex fractures with surgical or nonsurgical intervention.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and forty-two consecutive patients with a zygomatic complex fracture were enrolled. Sixty-eight patients underwent surgical intervention and 74 patients nonsurgical intervention. The 1-year examination evaluated cosmetic and functional outcome including malar symmetry, ocular motility, occlusion, mouth opening, neurosensory disturbances, and complications.

Results:

Forty-six patients allocated to surgical intervention responded to the 1-year follow-up examination. Satisfying facial contour and malar alignment was observed in 45 patients. All patients presented with identical position of the eye globe without enophthalmos and normal ocular movement. A habitual occlusion was seen in all patients with a mean interincisal mouth opening without pain of 49 mm. One patient presented with minor ectropion. Wound infection occurred in five patients. Persistent infraorbital neurosensory disturbance was described by 19 patients. The 1-year radiographic examination showed adequate fracture alignment in all patients with satisfying facial contour. However, dissimilar position of the orbital floor was seen in three patients having orbital reconstruction. None of the patients were re-operated or needed secondary correction of the zygomatic complex or orbital floor.

Conclusion:

Surgical intervention is an effective treatment modality of depressed zygomatic complex fractures, whereas a nonsurgical approach is often used for nondisplaced fractures. Most zygomatic complex fractures can be treated solely by an intraoral approach and rigid fixation at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress. Further exposure of the zygomaticofrontal junction or inferior orbital rim is necessary for severely displaced fractures, which require additional fixation.
RAP1 Downregulation by miR-320c Reduces Platelet Activation in Ex-vivo Storage
Authors: Dahiya Neetu , Atreya Chintamani D.
Published: May 2018

Background:

A small GTPase Protein, the Ras-related Protein 1 (RAP1), abundant in
platelets is known to be activated following agonist-induced platelet activation, suggesting that RAP1
downregulation could, in turn, reduce platelet activation in storage. Our objective of this study is to
identify RAP1 regulating miRNAs and their role in platelet activation during storage.

Methods: We applied MS2-TRAP (tagged RNA affinity purification) methodology to enrich miRNAs
that target the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of RAP1 mRNA in two mammalian cell lines followed
by miRNA identification by microarray of total RNA samples enriched for miRNAs. Data analyses
were done using different bioinformatics approaches. The direct miR:RAP1 3’UTR interaction was
confirmed by using a dual luciferase reporter gene expression system in a mammalian cell line. Subsequently,
platelets were transfected with one selected miR to evaluate RAP1 downregulation by this
miRNA and its effect on platelet activation.

Results:

Six miRNAs (miR-320c, miR-181a, miR-3621, miR-489, miR-4791 and miR-4744) were
identified to be enriched in the two cell lines tested. We randomly selected miR-320c for further
evaluation. The luciferase reporter assay system confirmed the direct interaction of miR-320c with
RAP1 3′UTR. Further, in platelets treated with miR-320c, RAP1 protein expression was decreased
and concomitantly, platelet activation was also decreased.

Overall, the results demonstrate that miRNA-based RAP1 downregulation in ex vivo
stored platelets reduces platelet activation.
Квазиклассическая модель статической электропроводности сильно легированных вырожденных полупроводников при низких температурах
Authors: Поклонский Н.А. , Вырко С.А. , Деревяго А.Н.
Published: May 2018

AbstractGermanium, silicon, gallium arsenide, and indium antimonide n -type crystals on the metal side of the insulator–metal transition (Mott transition) are considered. In the quasi-classical approximation, the static (direct current) electrical conductivity and the drift mobility of electrons of the c band, and electrostatic fluctuations of their potential energy and the mobility edge are calculated. It is considered that a single event of the elastic Coulomb scattering of a mobile electron occurs only in a spherical region of the crystal matrix with an impurity ion at the center. The results of calculations using the proposed formulas without using fitting parameters are numerically consistent with experimental data in a wide range of concentrations of hydrogenlike donors at their weak and moderate compensation by acceptors.
Электрофизические свойства нелегированных и легированных мышьяком эпитаксиальных слоев Hg-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Cd-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Te p-типа проводимости с x~0.4, выращенных методом MOCVD
Authors: Евстигнеев В.С. , Варавин В.С. , Чилясов А.В. , Ремесник В.Г. , Моисеев А.Н. , Степанов Б.С.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe temperature dependences of the charge-carrier concentration and lifetime of minority carriers in undoped and arsenic-doped p -type Hg_1 – x Cd_ x Te epitaxial layers with x ≈ 0.4 grown by the MOCVD-IMP (metalorganic chemical vapor deposition–interdiffusion multilayer process) method are studied. It is shown that the temperature dependences of the charge-carrier concentration can be described by a model assuming the presence of one acceptor and one donor level. The ionization energies of acceptors in the undoped and arsenic-doped materials are 14 and 3.6 meV, respectively. It is established that the dominant recombination mechanism in the undoped layers is Shockley–Read–Hall recombination, and after low-temperature equilibrium annealing in mercury vapors (230°C, 24 h), the dominant mechanism is radiative recombination. The fundamental limitation of the lifetime in the arsenic-doped material is caused by the Auger-7 process. Activation annealing (360°C, 2 h) of the doped layers makes it possible to attain the 100% activation of arsenic.
Rb-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Cs-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-NO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- (x=0.025, 0.05, 0.1) монокристаллы и их исследование методом высокотемпературной рентгенографии
Authors: Хазиева А.Ф. , Насиров В.И. , Асадов Ю.Г. , Алыев Ю.И. , Джабаров С.Г. , Дашдемиров А.О.
Published: May 2018

AbstractPolymorphic transformations in Rb_0.975Cs_0.025NO_3, Rb_0.950Cs_0.05NO_3, and Rb_0.90Cs_0.1NO_3 crystals grown by us have been studied by the X-ray diffraction method. Four different modifications are found for crystals in the range from room temperature to the melting point. The transformation temperatures and the unit-cell parameters are determined for the crystals of these modifications.
Запрещенное резонансное комбинационное рассеяние света в сверхрешетках GaAs/AlAs: эксперимент и расчеты
Authors: Володин В.А. , Сачков В.А. , Синюков М.П.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Raman spectra of GaAs/AlAs(100) superlattices are calculated and studied experimentally for various wave-vector directions. The experiments are performed when applying a confocal optical microscope combined with a micro-Raman spectrometer for various scattering geometries both for phonons with a wave vector directed along the normal to a superlattice and in the in-plane geometry. The frequencies and eigenvectors of phonons are calculated in the extended Born model approximation taking into account Coulomb interaction in the rigid-ion approximation. The Raman spectra are calculated in the scope of the deformation- potential mechanism; herewith, it turns out that additional peaks, which are not described in the scope of this approach, appear in the experimental spectra. It seems likely that these peaks appear due to the manifestation of Raman scattering forbidden by selection rules under resonance conditions. An attempt is made to explain the appearance of these peaks in the experimental spectra within the scope of inelastic phonon scattering at bound charges (phonons with a large dipole moment).
Оптические свойства многослойных золь-гель пленок оксида цинка
Authors: Денисов Н.М. , Чубенко Е.Б. , Бондаренко В.П. , Борисенко В.Е.
Published: May 2018

AbstractStudy of structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of multilayered (1–8 layers) zinc oxide films deposited on glass substrates by sol-gel method showed, that after thermal treatment at 500°C they consist of random oriented hexagonal crystalline grains with size of 34–40 nm, forming larger particles with sizes of 100–150 nm, which do not depend on number of layers. With an increase in the number of layers, the intensity of exciton photoluminescence decreases by a factor of 10, the absorption of light in the visible and near IR ranges increases, and the efficiency of photocatalytic decomposition of the test organic dye rhodamine B increases by 10–12%. The observed changes are related to the increase in the total area of grain boundaries and to the change in the integral amount of oxygen vacancies and interstitial atoms as the number of layers increases, which makes it possible to control the properties of zinc oxide films for applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and photocatalysis.
Исследование структурных и люминесцентных свойств гетероструктур InAs/GaAs с легированными Bi потенциальными барьерами
Authors: Пащенко А.С. , Лунин Л.С. , Чеботарев С.Н. , Лунина М.Л.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe influence of Bi in GaAs barrier layers on the structural and optical properties of InAs/GaAs quantum-dot heterostructures is studied. By atomic-force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, it is established that the introduction of Bi into GaAs to a content of up to 5 at % results in a decrease in the density of InAs quantum dots from 1.58 × 10^10 to 0.93 × 10^10 cm^–2. The effect is defined by a decrease in the mismatch between the crystal-lattice parameters at the InAs/GaAsBi heterointerface. In this case, an increase in the height of InAs quantum dots is detected. This increase is apparently due to intensification of the surface diffusion of In during growth at the GaAsBi surface. Analysis of the luminescence properties shows that the doping of GaAs potential barriers with Bi is accompanied by a red shift of the emission peak related to InAs quantum dots and by a decrease in the width of this peak.
Квантовые осцилляции релаксации фотопроводимости в p-i-n-гетеродиодах GaAs/InAs/AlAs
Authors: Ханин Ю.Н. , Вдовин Е.Е.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe photoconductivity and its relaxation characteristics in tunneling p – i – n GaAs/AlAs heterostructures under pulsed illumination is studied. Quantum oscillations in the photoconductivity are detected depending on the bias voltage with the period independent of the light wavelength, as well as an oscillating component of the relaxation curves caused by modulation of the recombination rate at the edge of a triangular quantum well in the undoped i layer, as in the case of photoconductivity oscillations. The common nature of oscillations of the steady-state photoconductivity and relaxation curves under pulsed illumination is directly confirmed by the lack of an oscillating component in both types of dependences of some studied p–i–n heterostructures. Simultaneous suppression of the observed oscillations of dependences of both types as the temperature increases to 80 K also confirms the proposed mechanism of their formation. The dependences of these oscillations on the magnetic field and light flux power are studied. Oscillation-amplitude suppression in a magnetic field of ~2 T perpendicular to the current is caused by the effect of the Lorentz force on the ballistic motion of carriers in the triangular-quantum-well region.
Исследование свойств квантовых точек полупроводников A-=SUP=-II-=/SUP=-B-=SUP=-VI-=/SUP=- и A-=SUP=-III-=/SUP=-B-=SUP=-V-=/SUP=-
Authors: Михайлов А.И. , Кабанов В.Ф. , Горбачев И.А. , Глуховской Е.Г.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe specific features of the electron spectra of II–VI and III–V semiconductor quantum dots are studied experimentally and theoretically. Analysis of the samples makes it possible to estimate the positions of the first three levels in the electron spectrum of the quantum object. Good qualitative and quantitative agreement between the experimental results and theoretical estimates is attained. It is shown that the mechanism of the experimentally observed field-emission current through a quantum dot is satisfactorily described by Morgulis–Stratton theory in experimental conditions.
Свойства наночастиц сульфида свинца в мультизеренной структуре
Authors: Жуков Н.Д. , Роках А.Г. , Шишкин М.И.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe structural and electrical properties of PbS nanoparticles (40–70 nm), produced by a chemical reaction of sodium hydroxide with lead nitrate and electrophoretically deposited onto a conductive substrate, are investigated. The composition and structure of the nanoparticles are identified by X-ray analysis as pure PbS phase with a face-centered cubic lattice. Several minima, related to plasma-resonance absorption at 10–17 μm, are observed in the frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) spectra. The layer morphology and the nanoparticle shape and sizes are determined by scanning electron and tunneling microscopy. The threedimensional topograms show that the surface fine structure is a set of faceted pyramidal spikes with a size of 5–10 nm and a density of ~400 μm^–2. An analysis of the tunneling current–voltage characteristics of individual nanospikes shows the presence of low-field emission and makes it possible to determine the barrier heights (1.6–1.8 eV), which are explained within the quantum-dot (QD) model.
Высокочувствительный фотодетектор на основе атомарно-тонкого MoS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Лавров С.Д. , Шестакова А.П. , Мишина Е.Д. , Ефименков Ю.Р. , Сигов А.С.
Published: May 2018

AbstractA design for a high-sensitivity photodetector with a single layer of MoS_2 transition-metal dichalcogenide used as the basic functional element is proposed and the process of its fabrication is presented step by step. Quality evaluation and the selection of functional MoS_2 flakes is based on the results of combined optical characterization. The main operating characteristics of the fabricated device are investigated and a photosensitivity of 1.4 mA/W is demonstrated. A difference of this device in comparison with existing analogues is its high photosensitivity at low operating voltages (in the range of ±3 V).
Модель накопления зарядов в n- и p-МОП-транзисторах при туннельной инжекции электронов из затвора
Authors: Александров О.В. , Мокрушина С.А.
Published: May 2018

AbstractA quantitative model for charge accumulation in an undergate dielectric during tunneling electron injection from a gate according to the Fowler–Nordheim mechanism is developed. The model takes into account electron and hole capture at hydrogen-free and hydrogen-related traps as well as the generation of surface states during the interaction of holes with hydrogen-related centers. The experimental dependences of the threshold voltage shift and gate voltage shift of n - and p -channel MOS (metal–oxide–semiconductor) transistors on the injected charge in the constant current mode are analyzed based on the model.
Влияние химической подготовки поверхности кремния на качество и структуру эпитаксиальных пленок карбида кремния, синтезированных методом замещения атомов
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Калинкин И.П. , Осипов А.В.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe fundamentals of a new technique for the cleaning and passivation of (111), (110), and (100) silicon wafer surfaces by hydride groups, which ensure a high surface purity and smoothness at the nanoscale upon long-term storage of the wafers at room temperature in air, are discussed. A new composition of the passivation solution for the long-term antioxidation protection of silicon surfaces is developed. The proposed solution is suitable for the long-term storage and repeated passivation of silicon wafers. The composition of the passivation solution and the conditions of passivation of the silicon wafers in it are described. Silicon wafers treated using the proposed technique can be used for growing epitaxial semiconductor films and different nanostructures. It is shown that only silicon surfaces prepared in this way allow SiC epitaxial films on silicon to be grown by atom substitution. The experimental dependences of the SiC and GaN film structures grown on silicon on the silicon-surface etching conditions are presented. The developed technique for silicon cleaning and passivation can both be used under laboratory conditions and easily adapted for the industrial production of silicon wafers with an oxidation-resistant surface coating.
Исследование связанной динамики магнитных вихрей в трехслойном проводящем наноцилиндре
Authors: Степанов С.В. , Екомасов А.Е. , Звездин К.А. , Екомасов Е.Г.
Published: May 2018

AbstractSolving numerically the generalized Landau–Lifshitz equation, we have carried out the micromagnetic investigation of the dynamics of two dipole-coupled magnetic vortices in a trilayer nanocolumn under the action of the external magnetic field directed perpendicular to the sample plane and spin-polarized electric field. The possible existence of different regimes of vortex motion, depending on the polarized current, is demonstrated. The current dependence of the oscillation frequency for the case of stationary dynamics of coupled vortices with the same frequency has been established. The possibility of controlling the frequency of the stationary vortex motion and tuning the control current amplitude by the external magnetic field is shown. Using the analytical method for simplified description of the dynamics of coupled vortices, the current and magnetic-field dependences of the frequency have been obtained, which are qualitatively consistent with the numerical data.
Колоссальное магнитосопротивление слоистого манганита La-=SUB=-1.2-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-1.8-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-7-=/SUB=- и его описание "спин-поляронным" механизмом проводимости
Authors: Гудин С.А. , Солин Н.И. , Гапонцева Н.Н.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe resistance of a La_1.2Sr_1.8Mn_2(1– z )O_7 single crystal has been studied in magnetic fields from 0 to 90 kOe. The magnetoresistance at temperature T = 75 K, near which a colossal magnetoresistance maximum is observed, has been successfully described in terms of the “spin–polaron” electric conduction mechanism. This value of the colossal magnetoresistance is due to a three-fold increase in the polaron size. The method of separating contributions of various conduction mechanisms to the magnetoresistance developed for materials with activation type of conduction is generalized to compounds in which a metal–insulator transition is observed. It is found that, at a temperature of 75 K, the contribution of the “orientation” mechanism is maximum (≈20%) in a magnetic field of 5 kOe and almost disappears in fields higher than 50 kOe.
Магнитные структуры и магнитные фазовые переходы в редкоземельных интерметаллидах RMn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Si-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- (R=Sm, Tb)
Authors: Мушников Н.В. , Герасимов Е.Г. , Гавико В.С. , Терентьев П.Б. , Язовских К.А. , Пирогов А.Н.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe magnetic structures that form in La_1– x R_ x Mn_2Si_2 ( R = Sm, Tb) layered compounds with various concentrations x have been determined by magnetic neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements, and the magnetic phase diagrams have been built. It is shown that the formation of the magnetic structures is dependent not only on exchange interactions, but also on the type of the magnetic anisotropy of a rare-earth atom. It is found that, in La_1– x Tb_ x Mn_2Si_2 compounds with 0.2 < x < 0.5, the competition of the Tb–Mn and Mn–Mn interlayer exchange interactions and the existence of a strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the Mn and Tb sublattices leads to the frustrated magnetic state and prevents the formation of the long-range magnetic order in the Tb sublattice.
Магнитокалорический эффект и магнитострикция в сплаве Гейслера Ni-=SUB=-49.3-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-40.4-=/SUB=-In-=SUB=-10.3-=/SUB=- в переменных магнитных полях
Authors: Ханов Л.Н. , Батдалов А.Б. , Маширов А.В. , Каманцев А.П. , Алиев А.М.
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and the magnetostriction in the Ni_49.3Mn_40.4In_10.3 Heusler alloy have been measured in ac magnetic fields to 8 T. It is shown that the contributions of the magnetic and structural subsystems to MCE have opposite signs; in this case, the contribution of the magnetic subsystem is dominant. The anomalous temperature dependence of the magnetostriction during the magnetostructural phase transition (PT) is explained by competition of the processes of growing austenite phase nuclei and the striction processes in them.
Критическая релаксация трехмерной полностью фрустрированной модели Изинга
Authors: Мутайламов В.А. , Муртазаев А.К.
Published: May 2018

AbstractCritical relaxation from the low-temperature ordered state of the three-dimensional fully frustrated Ising model on a simple cubic lattice is studied by the short-time dynamics method. Cubic systems with periodic boundary conditions and linear sizes of L = 32, 64, 96, and 128 in each crystallographic direction are studied. Calculations were carried out by the Monte Carlo method using the standard Metropolis algorithm. The static critical exponents for the magnetization and correlation radius and the dynamic critical exponents are calculated.
Динамика магнитных скирмионов в наноточках
Authors: Гареева З.В. , Гуслиенко К.Ю.
Published: May 2018

AbstractBloch and Neel magnetic skyrmions have been studied in systems of confined geometry (nanodots, a linear array of nanodots). The spectra of low- and high-frequency excitation modes of a skyrmion state have been calculated. It has been shown that skyrmion spectrum asymmetry, namely, the characteristic difference between the frequencies of the azimuthal modes of the azimuthal skyrmion modes rotating clockwise and counterclockwise, is associated with asymmetry in the magnetization profiles of high-frequency spin waves propagating on the background of a skyrmion state in a nanodot. The low-frequency spectrum contains the only gyrotropic mode localized near the center of a nanodot. The gyrotropic frequency depends on the material parameters of a nanodot and the size of a skyrmion. The eigenfrequency of the gyrotropic mode of an isolated skyrmion in a nanodot in ultrathin films ( L ~ 1 nm) does not depend on the internal structure of a skyrmion and is the same for Bloch and Neel skyrmions. The interaction of skyrmions, in particular, in a linear chain of nanodots with the ground skyrmion state, leads to distinctions in low-frequency spectra. The structure of a skyrmion (of Bloch or Neel type) is exhibited as a shift of dispersion curves and a difference between the frequencies of ferromagnetic resonance in a system of interacting skyrmions.
Высокоскоростной композитный микроактюатор на основе сплава Ti-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-NiCu с эффектом памяти формы
Authors: Кучин Д.С. , Лега П.В. , Орлов А.П. , Фролов А.В. , Иржак А.В. , Жихарев А.М. , Каманцев А.П. , Коледов В.В. , Шеляков А.В. , Шавров В.Г.
Published: May 2018

AbstractSamples of microactuators are made of a bimorph composite of Ti_2NiCu alloy with a thermoelastic martensitic transition and the shape memory effect, and their response rate is investigated. The active layer of the composite actuator is a layer of the rapidly quenched Ti_2NiCu alloy, pseudoplastically prestretched, and an amorphous layer of the same alloy is used as an elastic layer. Typical sizes of the microactuator are 30 × 2 × 2 μm. The controlled amplitude of the displacement of the microactuator tip is approximately 1 μm. The response rate of the microactuator was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Activation of the microactuator was achieved by heating when electric pulses were passed through it. Full activation of the microactuator at frequencies up to 1 kHz was demonstrated; partial activation was observed at frequencies up to 8 kHz. The possibility of operating the device in a self-oscillating mode at frequencies of the order of 100 kHz is demonstrated.