bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics as a Crucial Tool to Develop New Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Lanznaster Débora , Dingeo Giulia , Samey Rayhanatou Altine , Emond Patrick , Blasco Hélène
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), share common pathological mechanisms, including metabolism alterations. However, their specific neuronal cell types affected and molecular biomarkers suggest that there are both common and specific alterations regarding metabolite levels. In this review, we were interested in identifying metabolite alterations that have been reported in preclinical models of NDs and that have also been documented as altered in NDs patients. Such alterations could represent interesting targets for the development of targeted therapy. Importantly, the translation of such findings from preclinical to clinical studies is primordial for the study of possible therapeutic agents. We found that N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol, and glutamate are commonly altered in the three NDs investigated here. We also found other metabolites commonly altered in both AD and PD. In this review, we discuss the studies reporting such alterations and the possible pathological mechanism underlying them. Finally, we discuss clinical trials that have attempted to develop treatments targeting such alterations. We conclude that the treatment combination of both common and differential alterations would increase the chances of patients having access to efficient treatments for each ND.
Orthogonality in Principal Component Analysis Allows the Discovery of Lipids in the Jejunum That Are Independent of Ad Libitum Feeding
Authors: Balgoma David , Kullenberg Fredrik , Peters Karsten , Dahlgren David , Heindryckx Femke , Lennernäs Hans , Hedeland Mikael
Published: September 2022

Ad libitum feeding of experimental animals is preferred because of medical relevance together with technical and practical considerations. In addition, ethical committees may require ad libitum feeding. However, feeding affects the metabolism so ad libitum feeding may mask the effects of drugs on tissues directly involved in the digestion process (e.g., jejunum and liver). Despite this effect, principal component analysis has the potential of identifying metabolic traits that are statistically independent (orthogonal) to ad libitum feeding. Consequently, we used principal component analysis to discover the metabolic effects of doxorubicin independent of ad libitum feeding. First, we analyzed the lipidome of the jejunum and the liver of rats treated with vehicle or doxorubicin. Subsequently, we performed principal component analysis. We could identify a principal component associated to the hydrolysis of lipids during digestion and a group of lipids that were orthogonal. These lipids in the jejunum increased with the treatment time and presented a polyunsaturated fatty acid as common structural trait. This characteristic suggests that doxorubicin increases polyunsaturated fatty acids. This behavior agrees with our previous in vitro results and suggests that doxorubicin sensitized the jejunum to ferroptosis, which may partially explain the toxicity of doxorubicin in the intestines.
Molecular Character of Mylonchulus hawaiiensis and Morphometric Differentiation of Six Mylonchulus (Nematoda; Order: Mononchida; Family: Mylonchulidae) Species Using Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Shokoohi Ebrahim , Moyo Ngonidzashe
Published: September 2022

Mononchida members are predatory nematodes with the potential to reduce the number of plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil. During a survey on Mononchida in Iran, several populations of Mylonchulus were recovered from various localities. A population of M. hawaiiensis was studied using 18S rDNA. The phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference placed the sequenced M. hawiinesis (OP210758) together with other M. hawaiiensis from Japan (AB361438-AB361442) with a 1.00 posterior probability support. In addition, morphological differences between six Mylonchulus (Nematoda; order: Mononchida; Family: Mylonchulidae) populations were investigated in Iran using discriminant analyses (DA), PERMANOVA, and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). The purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of PCoA and DA in separating the Mylonchulus species, namely M. sigmaturus, M. paitensis, M. lacustris, M. brachyuris, M. kermaninesis, and M. hawaiiensis. To achieve this, 16 morphometric measurements (body length, a, b, c, c′, V, G1, G2, buccal cavity length, buccal cavity width, dorsal tooth apex, dorsal tooth length, neck length, amphid from anterior end, rectum, and tail length) were made on 160 specimens. The analysis of variance showed that all features were significantly different among the species, except a, b, and the amphid position from the anterior end and tail length. The stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that body length, tail length, neck length, and c′ value were the four most discriminating variables useful to distinguish clearly the six species of Mylonchulus. The variables with strong discriminatory power correctly classified 98.87% of individuals from Iran’s sample of known Mylonchulus species. The results provide a morphometric basis for effectively distinguishing Mylonchulus species.
Stable Isotopic, Micro-FTIR, and Geochemical Characteristics of the Permian Madzaringwe Shale of Tuli Basin, South Africa: Implications for Organic-Rich Shale Provenance
Authors: Akintola George Oluwole , Amponsah-Dacosta Francis , Rupprecht Steven , Mhlongo Sphiwe Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

The paleo-environmental setting of an organic-rich shale remains an essential controlling factor for shale reservoir distribution. The scarcity of generalised data on paleo-environment settings has been spurred using a simple investigative approach to decipher the provenance of organic-rich shale in various regions. This study investigates the organic-rich Madzaringwe shale of the Tuli Basin to reconstruct the provenance of the organic material for shale gas generation potential. Representative shale core samples were analysed for the stable isotopic fractions, functional groups, and major and trace compositions. The carbon isotopic composition, δ13C value, ranging from −21.01 to −24.0‰, averaging at −22.4‰. Inference from the stable isotopic compositions and functional group analysis indicate Type-III kerogen prone to gas generation in the studied Madzaringwe shale. The micro-Fourier transformed infrared (micro-FTIR) analysis reveals infrared absorption peaks between 2800 and 3300 cm−1 wavelengths corresponding to gaseous hydrocarbon. The x-ray fluorescence (XRF) result reveals major elements comprising Al2O3 (29.25–29.11%), CaO (0.29–0.28%), Fe2O3 (1.16–1.09%), K2O (0.97–0.98%), MgO (0.13–0.12%), Na2O (0.12–0.09%), P2O5 (0.22–0.21%), SiO2 (52.50–52.30%), and TiO2 (1.20–1.18%). The major element ratio of Al2O3/TiO2 values ≥ 25 indicates felsic and intermediate provenance from a terrigenous paleo-environment. In addition, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LAICP-MS) reveals the trace elements in which elemental proxy of V/(V + Ni) with a value greater than 0.5 represent reducing environments. Furthermore, the geochemical proxies and isotopic compositions have revealed an anoxic paleo-environment for the non-marine-derived organic matter in the studied carbonaceous shale.
The Chemical Profiling and Anticancer Potential of Functional Polysaccharides from Flos Sophorae Immaturus
Authors: Zhong Wenting , Yang Chunmiao , Zhang Yongze , Liu Yumeng , Yang Dongsheng
Published: September 2022

Polysaccharides from Flos Sophorae Immaturus (FSI) are one of its pharmacological compounds that can perform effective activities. Aiming to extract the most effective polysaccharides against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the polysaccharides were separated from FSI through ultrasonic microwave extraction, and the first comparison was carried out on the characterization of the structure and its cytotoxic properties on HCC SMMC 7721 cells of undeproteinized purified polysaccharides (PFSI-1) and papain-deproteinized polysaccharides (PFSI-2) from FSI. The findings indicated that PFSI-1 and PFSI-2 had characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides; PFSI-1 contained three monosaccharides and PFSI-2 contained ten; and SEM, AFM, and NMR were consistent with the verification of IR polysaccharide characteristics, suggesting probable additional latent activities. The pharmacotoxic effects of both PFSI-1 and PFSI-2 on SMMC 7721 cells (p < 0.05), attenuated the migration ability of SMMC 7721 cells (p < 0.05) and promoted apoptosis (p < 0.05), with an increase in G0/G1-phase cells and decrease in S-phase cells in the PFSI-1 as well as a decrease in G0/G1-phase cells, increase in S-phase cells, and decrease in apoptosis in the PFSI-2 (p < 0.05). The significant cytotoxic effect of PFSI-2 on SMMC 7721 cells (p < 0.05) and its protective effect on human hepatic L02 cells (HL-7702) at low concentrations (p > 0.05) could indicate its potential as a new drug for the treatment of HCC.
Friedel-Crafts-Type Acylation and Amidation Reactions in Strong Brønsted Acid: Taming Superelectrophiles
Authors: Sumita Akinari , Ohwada Tomohiko
Published: September 2022

In this review, we discuss Friedel-Crafts-type aromatic amidation and acylation reactions, not exhaustively, but mainly based on our research results. The electrophilic species involved are isocyanate cation and acylium cation, respectively, and both have a common +C=O structure, which can be generated from carboxylic acid functionalities in a strong Brønsted acid. Carbamates substituted with methyl salicylate can be easily ionized to the isocyanate cation upon (di)protonation of the salicylate. Carboxylic acids can be used directly as a source of acylium cations. However, aminocarboxylic acids are inert in acidic media because two positively charged sites, ammonium and acylium cation, will be generated, resulting in energetically unfavorable charge-charge repulsion. Nevertheless, the aromatic acylation of aminocarboxylic acids can be achieved by using tailored phosphoric acid esters as Lewis bases to abrogate the charge-charge repulsion. Both examples tame the superelectrophilic character.
Chemical Profiling, Formulation Development, In Vitro Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Piper nigrum Seeds Extract Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Aging
Authors: Yousuf Muhammad , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Rasool Fatima , Khan Kashif ur Rehman , Usman Faisal , Ghalloo Bilal Ahmad , Umair Muhammad , Babalghith Ahmad O. , Kamran Muhammad , Aadil Rana Muhammad , Al Jaouni Soad K. , Selim Samy , Korma Sameh A. , Conte-Junior Carlos Adam
Published: September 2022

Emulgel is a new innovatory technique for drug development permitting controlled release of active ingredients for topical administration. We report a stable emulgel of 4% Piper nigrum extract (PNE) prepared using 80% ethanol. The PNE-loaded formulation had an antioxidant activity of 84% and tyrosinase inhibition was 82%. Prepared formulation rendered spherical-shaped globules with high zeta potential (−45.5 mV) indicative of a stable system. Total phenolic contents were 58.01 mg GAE/g of dry extract whereas total flavonoid content was 52.63 mg QE/g of dry extract. Sun protection factor for PNE-loaded emulgel was 7.512 and formulation was stable without any evidence of physical and chemical changes following 90 days of storage. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) revealed seventeen bioactive compounds in the PNE including monoterpenoids, triterpenoids, a tertiary alcohol, fatty acid esters, and phytosterols. In silico studies of GC-MS identified compounds show higher binding affinity in comparison to standard kojic acid indicating tyrosinase inhibition. It can be concluded that PNE-loaded emulgel had prominent antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition and can be utilized as a promising topical system for anti-aging skin formulation.
Redox-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems: A Chemical Perspective
Authors: Abed Heba F. , Abuwatfa Waad H. , Husseini Ghaleb A.
Published: September 2022

With the widespread global impact of cancer on humans and the extensive side effects associated with current cancer treatments, a novel, effective, and safe treatment is needed. Redox-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged as a potential cancer treatment with minimal side effects and enhanced site-specific targeted delivery. This paper explores the physiological and biochemical nature of tumors that allow for redox-responsive drug delivery systems and reviews recent advances in the chemical composition and design of such systems. The five main redox-responsive chemical entities that are the focus of this paper are disulfide bonds, diselenide bonds, succinimide–thioether linkages, tetrasulfide bonds, and platin conjugates. Moreover, as disulfide bonds are the most commonly used entities, the review explored disulfide-containing liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanogels. While various systems have been devised, further research is needed to advance redox-responsive drug delivery systems for cancer treatment clinical applications.
Comprehensive Review on Zeolite-Based Nanocomposites for Treatment of Effluents from Wastewater
Authors: Sodha Veena , Shahabuddin Syed , Gaur Rama , Ahmad Irfan , Bandyopadhyay Rajib , Sridewi Nanthini
Published: September 2022

All humans and animals need access to clean water in their daily lives. Unfortunately, we are facing water scarcity in several places around the world, and, intentionally or unintentionally, we are contaminating the water in a number of ways. The rise in population, globalization, and industrialization has simultaneously given rise to the generation of wastewater. The pollutants in wastewater, such as organic contaminants, heavy metals, agrochemicals, radioactive pollutants, etc., can cause various ailments as well as environmental damage. In addition to the existing pollutants, a number of new pollutants are now being produced by developing industries. To address this issue, we require some emerging tools and materials to remove effluents from wastewater. Zeolites are the porous aluminosilicates that have been used for the effective pollutant removal for a long time owing to their extraordinary adsorption and ion-exchange properties, which make them available for the removal of a variety of contaminants. However, zeolite alone shows much less photocatalytic efficiency, therefore, different photoactive materials are being doped with zeolites to enhance their photocatalytic efficiency. The fabrication of zeolite-based composites is emerging due to their powerful results as adsorbents, ion-exchangers, and additional benefits as good photocatalysts. This review highlights the types, synthesis and removal mechanisms of zeolite-based materials for wastewater treatment with the basic knowledge about zeolites and wastewater along with the research gaps, which gives a quality background of worldwide research on this topic for future developments.
A Portable Diagnostic Assay, Genetic Diversity, and Isolation of Seoul Virus from Rattus norvegicus Collected in Gangwon Province, Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Kyungmin , Lee Seung-Ho , Kim Jongwoo , Lee Jingyeong , Lee Geum-Young , Cho Seungchan , Noh Juyoung , Choi Jeewan , Park Juwon , Song Dong-Hyun , Gu Se Hun , Yun Hyeongseok , Kim Jung-Eun , Lee Daesang , Hwang Il-Ung , Kim Won-Keun , Song Jin-Won
Published: September 2022

Seoul virus (SEOV), an etiological agent for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, poses a significant public health threat worldwide. This study evaluated the feasibility of a mobile Biomeme platform for facilitating rapid decision making of SEOV infection. A total of 27 Rattus norvegicus were collected from Seoul Metropolitan City and Gangwon Province in Republic of Korea (ROK), during 2016–2020. The serological and molecular prevalence of SEOV was 5/27 (18.5%) and 2/27 (7.4%), respectively. SEOV RNA was detected in multiple tissues of rodents using the Biomeme device, with differences in Ct values ranging from 0.6 to 2.1 cycles compared to a laboratory benchtop system. Using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing, whole-genome sequences of SEOV were acquired from lung tissues of Rn18-1 and Rn19-5 collected in Gangwon Province. Phylogenetic analysis showed a phylogeographical diversity of rat-borne orthohantavirus collected in Gangwon Province. We report a novel isolate of SEOV Rn19-5 from Gangwon Province. Our findings demonstrated that the Biomeme system can be applied for the molecular diagnosis of SEOV comparably to the laboratory-based platform. Whole-genome sequencing of SEOV revealed the phylogeographical diversity of orthohantavirus in the ROK. This study provides important insights into the field-deployable diagnostic assays and genetic diversity of orthohantaviruses for the rapid response to hantaviral outbreaks in the ROK.
Categories with Complements
Authors: Uriagereka Juan
Published: September 2022

Verbs and nouns gear θ-dependencies, Case, agreement, or construal relations. Building on Chomsky’s 1974 decomposition of such categories into ±N, ±V features, by translating said features into ±1, ±i scalars that allow for the construction of a vector space, this paper studies the possibility of organizing said features into 2 × 2 square matrices. In the system proposed to explore “head-complement” relations, operating on nouns yields a measurable/observable (Hermitian matrix), which in turn limits other potential combinations with abstract lexical categories. Functional/grammatical categories in the system deploy the same features, albeit organized differently in the matrix diagonal and off-diagonal. The algebraic result is a group with well-defined mathematical properties, which properly includes the Pauli group of standard use in quantum computation. In the system, the presumed difference between categories and interactions—here, in a context of the head-complement sort—reduces to whether the magnitude of the matrix eigenvalue is 1 or not, in the latter instance inducing asymmetric interactions.
Efficiency of Nitrogen Use in Sunflower
Authors: Coêlho Ester dos Santos , Souza Almir Rogério Evangelista de , Lins Hamurábi Anizio , Santos Manoel Galdino dos , Freitas Souza Matheus de , Tartaglia Francilene de Lima , de Oliveira Anna Kézia Soares , Lopes Welder de Araújo Rangel , Silveira Lindomar Maria , Mendonça Vander , Barros Júnior Aurélio Paes
Published: September 2022

The large variation in the response of sunflower to nitrogen fertilization indicates the need for studies to better adjust the optimum levels of this nutrient for production conditions. Our objectives were to analyze the agronomic yield of sunflower cultivars as a function of nitrogen fertilization; indicate the cultivar with high nitrogen use efficiency; and measure the adequate N dose for sunflower through nutritional efficiency. The completely randomized block design with split plots was used to conduct the experiments. The treatments included five nitrogen rates being allocated in the plots and the four sunflower cultivars. To estimate the nutrient use efficiency in the sunflower, we measured agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), agrophysiological efficiency (APE), apparent recovery efficiency (ARE), and utilization efficiency (UE). The results indicate that all cultivars had a reduction in AE due to the increase in N doses in the first crop. For PE, the highest values were observed for Altis 99 during the 2016 harvest. In that same harvest, Altis 99 had the highest APE. The dose of 30 kg ha−1 provided greater ARE for all cultivars in both crops, with greater emphasis on BRS 122 and Altis 99. The cultivation of cultivars Altis 99 and Multissol at a dose of 30 kg ha−1 in is recommended semiarid regions.
East Meets West: The New Gnoseology in Giordano Bruno and Wang Yangming
Authors: Wang Zheng
Published: September 2022

This study examines the various explanations of the deliberative humanity, regarding a new gnoseology in the intellectual contexts of Giordano Bruno and Wang Yangming during the 15th and 16th centuries. In a similar way to Marsilio Ficino and Giordano Bruno for the European Renaissance, Wang Yangming is the enlightener among the representatives of Neo-Confucianism in early modern China. Each of these three takes an individual’s mind as the point of departure. They then modify the traditional theory of gnoseology, in search of the good and principle. Nevertheless, behind these similarities on the surface, the metaphorical and theoretical interpretations follow different directions. Marsilio Ficino translates hierarchic Platonism as a transcendent norm. Giordano Bruno and Wang Yangming, however, seem to liberate the individual’s humanity from the traditional norms of gnoseology. In their methodologies, they both have developed a generative gnoseology that differs from the orthodox pattern of knowledge in their respective traditions.
The Call and Response in the French Phenomenology of Religion
Authors: Zheng Yanbo
Published: September 2022

Is it legitimate to talk about religion as a phenomenology of modern philosophy? Some French phenomenologists have argued that philosophical discourses can be used in phenomenology to describe religious phenomena, and doing so does not contradict the absolute and irreducible nature of phenomenology as a philosophy. Their purpose is to justify the legitimacy of the phenomenological possibilities of religion. This paper aims to describe the progress made by the phenomenon of the call and response as a French phenomenology of religion. Marion talks about l’adonné in the “call and response” structure in the phenomenology of religion. In his third reduction, l’adonné, due to boredom, nihilates the Being, leaving a possibility of the call in a pure form. When the call responds, it hears and then establishes a quasi-subject status, which serves as Marion’s reflection on the metaphysical subject. Focusing on prayer as one of the religious phenomena, Chrétien argues that vocal prayer reconciles the opposition of the soul and body, of spirit and matter. Through the description of such a religious act, Chrétien emphasizes an interactive-subjective relationship with the Absolute Other. Through the study of Marion and Chrétien, we find that when phenomenologists talk about religion, it does not make phenomenology lose its own principles but instead expands new fields for phenomenology.
Teaching Digital Electronics during the COVID-19 Pandemic via a Remote Lab
Authors: Valencia de Almeida Felipe , Hayashi Victor Takashi , Arakaki Reginaldo , Midorikawa Edson , de Mello Canovas Sérgio , Cugnasca Paulo Sergio , Corrêa Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti
Published: September 2022

Practical knowledge is essential for engineering education. With the COVID-19 pandemic, new challenges have arisen for remote practical learning (e.g., collaborations/experimentations with real equipment when face-to-face offerings are not possible). In this context, LabEAD is a remote lab project that aims to provide practical knowledge learning opportunities for Brazilian engineering students. This article describes how engineering project management methods consisting of application domains, requirement identification, technical solution specification, implementation, and delivery phases, were applied to the development of an Internet of Things (IoT) remote lab architecture. The distributed computing environment allows integration between students’ smartphones and IoT devices deployed in campus labs and in student residences. The code is open-source for facilitated replication and reuse, and the remote lab was built in six months to enable six experiments for the digital electronics lab during the COVID-19 pandemic, covering all the experiments of the original face-to-face offering. More than 70% of the 32 students preferred remote labs over simulations, and only 2 were not approved in the digital electronics course offered remotely.Student perceptions collected by questionnaires showed that they could successfully specify, develop, and present their projects using the remote lab infrastructure in four weeks.
Ultra-High-Sensitivity, Miniaturized Fabry-Perot Interferometric Fiber-Optic Microphone for Weak Acoustic Signals Detection
Authors: Wu Guojie , Li Haie , Ye Hongxin , Gong Zhenfeng , Ma Junsheng , Guo Min , Chen Ke , Peng Wei , Yu Qingxu , Mei Liang
Published: September 2022

An ultra-high-sensitivity, miniaturized Fabry-Perot interferometric (FPI) fiber-optic microphone (FOM) has been developed, utilizing a silicon cantilever as an acoustic transducer. The volumes of the cavity and the FOM are determined to be 60 microliters and 102 cubic millimeters, respectively. The FOM has acoustic pressure sensitivities of 1506 nm/Pa at 2500 Hz and 26,773 nm/Pa at 3233 Hz. The minimum detectable pressure (MDP) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the designed FOM are 0.93 μPa/Hz1/2 and 70.14 dB, respectively, at an acoustic pressure of 0.003 Pa. The designed FOM has the characteristics of ultra-high sensitivity, low MDP, and small size, which makes it suitable for the detection of weak acoustic signals, especially in the field of miniaturized all-optical photoacoustic spectroscopy.
Automatic Assessment of Aphasic Speech Sensed by Audio Sensors for Classification into Aphasia Severity Levels to Recommend Speech Therapies
Authors: Herath Herath Mudiyanselage Dhammike Piyumal Madhurajith , Weraniyagoda Weraniyagoda Arachchilage Sahanaka Anuththara , Rajapaksha Rajapakshage Thilina Madhushan , Wijesekara Patikiri Arachchige Don Shehan Nilmantha , Sudheera Kalupahana Liyanage Kushan , Chong Peter Han Joo
Published: September 2022

Aphasia is a type of speech disorder that can cause speech defects in a person. Identifying the severity level of the aphasia patient is critical for the rehabilitation process. In this research, we identify ten aphasia severity levels motivated by specific speech therapies based on the presence or absence of identified characteristics in aphasic speech in order to give more specific treatment to the patient. In the aphasia severity level classification process, we experiment on different speech feature extraction techniques, lengths of input audio samples, and machine learning classifiers toward classification performance. Aphasic speech is required to be sensed by an audio sensor and then recorded and divided into audio frames and passed through an audio feature extractor before feeding into the machine learning classifier. According to the results, the mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) is the most suitable audio feature extraction method for the aphasic speech level classification process, as it outperformed the classification performance of all mel-spectrogram, chroma, and zero crossing rates by a large margin. Furthermore, the classification performance is higher when 20 s audio samples are used compared with 10 s chunks, even though the performance gap is narrow. Finally, the deep neural network approach resulted in the best classification performance, which was slightly better than both K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and random forest classifiers, and it was significantly better than decision tree algorithms. Therefore, the study shows that aphasia level classification can be completed with accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score values of 0.99 using MFCC for 20 s audio samples using the deep neural network approach in order to recommend corresponding speech therapy for the identified level. A web application was developed for English-speaking aphasia patients to self-diagnose the severity level and engage in speech therapies.
Graffiti and Street Art between Ephemerality and Making Visible the Culture and Heritage in Cities: Insight at International Level and in Bucharest
Authors: Cercleux Andreea-Loreta
Published: September 2022

The paper aims to analyze, on one hand, the evolution and interpretation of graffiti and street art phenomenon in the Romanian capital, Bucharest, and at international level, and on the other hand how this subculture is related to aspects of culture and heritage. The analysis of the evolution followed by graffiti and street art in Bucharest is doubled by the investigation of the messages transmitted in relation to the national and local culture and history, as street art may be seen as an efficient tool contributing to local cultural identity building. The methods used rely on a complex approach, combining observation and photos from field research, documentation, and data collection from different organizations and online communities. Street art works have various positive effects on the urban landscape, including in relation to culture and heritage in time. The results demonstrate that in Bucharest, street art contributes to highlighting mainly the key-moments and the personalities in culture and history that contribute to shaping a part of cultural identity.
Online and Offline Coordination in Australia’s Far-Right: A Study of True Blue Crew
Authors: Hutchinson Jade , Iqbal Muhammad , Peucker Mario , Smith Debra
Published: September 2022

Far-right extremism transpires in virtual and physical space. In this study, we examine how the Australian far-right extremist group ‘True Blue Crew’ attempted to coordinate their offline activities with their social media activism. To this end, we conducted a thematic content analysis of administrator posts and user comments present on the group’s Facebook page prior to and following an organised street rally in June 2017. This online analysis was partnered with ethnographic field work to gauge the perceptions of group members and supporters during the rally in Melbourne, Victoria. The results highlight the multi-dimensional and intimate manner in which online and offline contexts are coordinated to support far-right activism and mobilisation. This study offers an empirical account of how far-right attitudes, activism, and mobilisation transpired in Australia in the years prior to an Australian committing the Christchurch terror attack. It reveals a growing frustration within the broader far-right movement, leading to later strategic adaptation that can be interpreted as an early warning sign of an environment increasingly conducive to violence. This provides a more nuanced understanding of the context from which far-right terrorism emerges, and speaks to the importance of maintaining a level of analysis that transverses the social and the individual, as well as the online and the offline spaces. Implications for security and government agencies responses are discussed.
A Uremic Pig Model for Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: de Vries Joost C. , van Gelder Maaike K. , Monninkhof Anneke S. , Ahmed Sabbir , Hazenbrink Diënty H. M. , Nguyen Tri Q. , de Kort Gèrard A. P. , Vonken Evert-Jan P. A. , Vaessen Koen R. D. , Joles Jaap A. , Verhaar Marianne C. , Gerritsen Karin G. F.
Published: September 2022

With increasing interest in home dialysis, there is a need for a translational uremic large animal model to evaluate technical innovations in peritoneal dialysis (PD). To this end, we developed a porcine model with kidney failure. Stable chronic kidney injury was induced by bilateral subtotal renal artery embolization. Before applying PD, temporary aggravation of uremia was induced by administration of gentamicin (10 mg/kg i.v. twice daily for 7 days), to obtain uremic solute levels within the range of those of dialysis patients. Peritoneal transport was assessed using a standard peritoneal permeability assessment (SPA). After embolization, urea and creatinine concentrations transiently increased from 1.6 ± 0.3 to 7.5 ± 1.2 mM and from 103 ± 14 to 338 ± 67 µM, respectively, followed by stabilization within 1–2 weeks to 2.5 ± 1.1 mM and 174 ± 28 µM, respectively. Gentamicin induced temporary acute-on-chronic kidney injury with peak urea and creatinine concentrations of 16.7 ± 5.3 mM and 932 ± 470 µM respectively. PD was successfully applied, although frequently complicated by peritonitis. SPA showed a low transport status (D/P creatinine at 4 h of 0.41 (0.36–0.53)) with a mass transfer area coefficient of 9.6 ± 3.1, 4.6 ± 2.6, 3.4 ± 2.3 mL/min for urea, creatinine, and phosphate respectively. In conclusion, this porcine model with on-demand aggravation of uremia is suitable for PD albeit with peritoneal transport characterized by a low transport status.
An evaluation on research and publication ethics policies of journals publishing in the field of veterinary sciences in Türkiye
Authors: ASLIM Gökhan , ÇELİK Esra , DANIŞ Emine Merve
Published: September 2022

The research quality and publication of journals in any field are crucial because they show the development in the field. This study aimed to examine the research and publication ethics policies of the professional journals that continue to publish in the field of veterinary sciences and reveal the current situation. In this study, journals publishing in the field of veterinary sciences were searched through DergiPark, Web of Science database, and their websites. The features of these journals, the indexes in which they are indexed, statements about research-publication ethics, and the national and international academic institutions were gathered under appropriate headings. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques such as frequency and percentage. Moreover, 11.5% (n = 3) of the veterinary journals in Türkiye were indexed in SCI-E, 3.8% (n = 1) were indexed in E-SCI, 57.7% (n = 15) were university journals, 42.3% (n = 11) published two issues per year, and 57.7% (n = 15) of journals had publication languages as Turkish and English. Therefore, the number and quality of publications in journals in veterinary sciences have increased in recent years. They comply with “national peer-reviewed journal” criteria and the COPE and ICMJE criteria, wherein the TR index, one of the most comprehensive scanning platforms in Türkiye, has also adopted their principles in several parameters. However, there is no common standard for journals.
Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Terhadap Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Siatas Barita
Authors: Ujung Riance Mardiana , Nainggolan Dimpu Rismawaty
Published: September 2022

Antenatal examination is very important in an effort to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. The estimated MMR in North Tapanuli Regency in 2016 was 139 per 100,000 live births (KH), an increase compared to 2015 which was 115 per 100,000 live births. The high AKI is caused by postpartum hemorrhage, eclampsia, sepsis and complications of miscarriage. The aims of this study to determine the relationship between knowledge of pregnant women on ANC visits. Quantitative and analytic research methods with a cross-sectional design were carried out from July to November 2019, the sample was the entire population of pregnant women who made antenatal care visits as many as 51 people. The Results of this study is from the Chi-square test there is a relationship between knowledge of pregnant women and ANC visits with a value of P = 0.000 (P < 0.05), there is a relationship between education of pregnant women and ANC visits with a value of P = 0.001 (P < 0.05), there is no relationship between the age of pregnant women and ANC visits with a value of P = 0.594 (P> 0.05), there is no relationship between parity of pregnant women and ANC visits with a value of P = 0.090 (P> 0.05), there is a relationship between occupation pregnant women with ANC visits with a value of P = 0.000 (P > 0.05). It is expected that health workers will provide more information to pregnant women about the importance of conducting antenatal care checks and improving the quality of ANC services
HUBUNGAN ANEMIA DALAM KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM PRIMER di RSUD PUTRI HIJAU MEDAN PERIODE JANUARI 2020-JANUARI 2021
Authors: SINAGA MEIYANA SINAGA
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage at Putri Hijau Hospital, Medan for the period January 2020 - January 2021. The research method used is an analytic case-control approach. Data were taken from the Register and Patient Medical Records. The population in this study was 447 mothers who gave birth during January 2020 – January 2021. The number of case samples and control samples was made in a 1:1 ratio by following the number of case samples that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test found the results: p = 0.000 (p <α, = 0.05), then Ho was rejected, which means that there is a relationship between Anemia in Pregnancy and Primary Postpartum Bleeding Incidence at Putri Hijau Hospital Medan. The strength of the relationship between the two variables is seen based on the contingency coefficient, which is 0.631 which means the strength of the relationship is strong. Then the results of the Odds Ratio (OR) obtained OR = 105 [95% CI 17.8 - 618.7] which means that the range of 17.8 - 618.7 does not exceed the value of 1, so mothers giving birth with anemia in their pregnancy are likely to have primary postpartum hemorrhage. 105 times greater than women who gave birth without anemia in their pregnancy. Based on the results of research and discussion on the relationship between anemia and the incidence of primary postpartum hemorrhage at the Putri Hijau Hospital, Medan for the January 2020 – January 2021 period, it is expected to increase regular health promotion regarding pregnancy and childbirth by involving the role of cadres in providing counseling and involving the role of husband/family in health. pregnant women to minimize the risk of anemia in pregnancy and primary postpartum hemorrhage.
AKTIFITAS FISIK, POLA MAKAN DAN VARIASI KERJA UNTUK PENCEGAHAN DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Siregar Santy , Simanjuntak Mafe Robbi , Karo-karo Ulina
Published: September 2022

Office workers generally have low physical activity, causing a lack of burning energy by the body. Energy in the body will be stored in fat and cause the amount of fat deposits in the body is not reduced as well as an increase in glucose in the blood. Eventually workers experience an increase in weight and blood sugar levels. Lifestyle like this is at risk for diabetes mellitus. Efforts in controlling blood sugar levels (KGD) are not effective only done with treatment, therefore for prevention as early as possible it needs to be done through physical activity, dietary arrangements and varied work patterns. This literature study uses the Literature Review Comparative Study method, with secondary data of online journals through trusted websites / websites using the application publish of perish with keywords prevention, diabetes mellitus, diet, productive age, activity. In this literature study there are 13 journals reviewed on how prevention, treatment and methods used to find out diabetes mellitus for workers at productive age. From 13 studies that riview obtained that physical activity, streching, aerobic exercise and diabetic foot gymnastics are able to lower glucose levels in the blood. Diabetic gymnastics is effective in lowering blood glucose levels. Diabetic exercise has benefits in controlling blood sugar, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. By doing gymnastics consistently the need for oral medication and insulin is reduced. For diet, it is obtained that purple-line yam cookies with low carbohydrates and fiber can be an alternative snack for diabetic mellitus.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN DAN PREDIKSI PENYAKIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 MENGGUNAKAN METODE MACHINE LEARNING: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Ginting Rapael Ginting , Girsang Ermi , Ginting Johannes Bastira , Hartono Hartono
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing globally, nationally, and regionally, and most of them are type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can cause complications, economic losses, and death. The purpose of this study is to examine the analysis of determinants and predictions of type 2 diabetes mellitus using machine learning methods. This study uses the scoping review method to view, accumulate and synthesize the results of previous studies on the analysis of determinants and predictions of type 2 diabetes mellitus using machine learning methods. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles published in the indexed journal database PubMed, Google Scholar, Crossref in English and Indonesian, journals published in the 2017-2021 range and 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The search results were a total of 860 articles from 3 databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Crossref) in which 98 of them were duplicate articles and were excluded. Of the remaining 762 articles, 142 were not full text and 605 were excluded after eligibility screening because they were irrelevant. The remaining 15 articles were systematically reviewed and qualitatively analyzed using the NVIVO-12 Plus application. From the analysis of previous studies concluded that age, obesity, family history of disease, and lack of physical activity are risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the gender variable from the analysis of previous research shows that there is no significant relationship between gender and type 2 diabetes. With early prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus preventive measures, treatment can be carried out immediately and reduce the incidence of complications that can worsen the condition of people with type 2 diabetes.
PENGARUH IKLAN OBAT BATUK DI TELEVISI TERHADAP PERILAKU SWAMEDIKASI PADA IBU YANG MEMPUNYAI BALITA
Authors: Hartati Irma
Published: September 2022

Self-medication behavior is strongly influenced by drug-related information from various factors, including education, place of residence, cost, age, occupation, length of illness and  one  of  them  is  advertising.  Television  advertising  is  more  effective  in  visualizing  an advertised product. Advertising on a television show is one form of promotion. This study aims to determine the effect of cough medicine advertisements on television on self-medication behavior in mothers who have toddlers. The design in this study is an analytic cross sectional. The population in this study were all mothers who had toddlers in Seunumbok Lapang Village, Peureulak Timur District, East Aceh Regency. The number of samples was 69 respondents using the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique. Data collection was done by interview and data analysis was done by univariate method. The results of the study on 69 respondents, the majority knew about cough medicine advertisements on television as many as 41 respondents (59.4%), the majority did not do self-medication as many   as   36   respondents   (52.2%).   There   is   a   relationship   between   cough   medicine advertisements on  television  and self-medication behavior in mothers  who  have toddlers with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study was that the majority of 69 respondents knew about cough medicine advertisements on television as many as 41 respondents (59.4%), the majority did not self- medicate as many as 36 respondents (52.2%). There is a relationship between cough medicine advertisements on  television  and self-medication behavior in mothers  who  have toddlers with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). It is recommended to Saint Cut Nyak Dhien University students to be able to provide knowledge to the public about the use of cough medicine so that there are no mistakes in giving cough medicine to children. Adding references regarding self-medication behavior for further researchers so that they can conduct research with different analyzes.
HUMAN RESOURCES OF DIGITAL MEDICINE: TRAJECTORIES OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVING COMPETITIVENESS
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Sautkina V.A.
Published: September 2022

A fundamental change in personnel policy in the management of healthcare systems is expected around the world, associated with the transition of the industry to a new technological level. In this regard, the need to expand the problem field of the study of labor relations in this area is becoming relevant. The subject of the study is the personnel potential for the formation of a new landscape of healthcare. This paper aims to identify opportunities to overcome the risks associated with the growing shortage of healthcare professionals in the world. The scientific novelty lies in the identification of the most acute social aspects of the bio-information transformation taking place in the healthcare field. The author uses the methods of source study and statistical analysis of a wide range of sources: scientific literature, statistical data, and sociological research data. The paper analyzes data that reflect the growing concern of the medical community with the problems of turnover of healthcare personnel, medical education, and labor protection of the interests of healthcare workers. The author reveals the existing barriers in training and retraining personnel, as well as the need to develop new approaches to the labor protection of healthcare workers. As a result of the study, the author concludes that at this stage it is not possible to address the shortage of healthcare workers by attracting them from less developed regions to economically prosperous ones. The extraordinary circumstances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have not only shown the world all the issues of today's healthcare systems but also opened up opportunities for healthcare leaders to revise the long-term vision of solving workforce problems based on lessons learned. The article shows that the burden associated with the need to quickly solve many administrative tasks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic required a significant increase in state regulation of the industry. The study's findings can be useful to employees of various federal structures of the Russian Federation in both applied and forecasting activities on the way to solving the problems of staffing the industry. The ideas proposed by the author can be in demand by representatives of the scientific and educational community and trade union leaders directly involved in protecting the interests of healthcare workers.