bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Off-axis gyration induces large-area circular motion of anisotropic microparticles in a dynamic magnetic trap
Authors: Liu Yuan , Lin Gungun , Jin Dayong
Published: July 2021

Magnetic tweezers are crucial for single-molecule and atomic characterization and biomedical isolation of microparticle carriers. The trapping component of magnetic tweezing can be reliant on a magnetic potential well that can confine the relevant species to a localized region. Here, we report that magnetic microparticles with tailored anisotropy can transition from localized off-axis gyration to large-area locomotion in a rotating magnetic trap. The microparticles, consisting of assemblies of magnetic cores, are observed to either rotate about its structural geometric center or gyrate about one of the magnetic cores and the switching of which can be modulated by the external field. Raising the magnetic field strength above a threshold, the particles can go beyond the traditional synchronous-rotation and asynchronous-oscillation modes and into a scenario of large-area circular motion. This results in peculiar retrograde locomotion related to the magnetization maxima of the microparticle. Our finding suggests the important role of the microparticle's magnetic morphology in the controlled transport of microparticles and developing smart micro-actuators and micro-robot devices.
Controllable finite ultra-narrow quality-factor peak in a perturbed Dirac-cone band structure of a photonic-crystal slab
Authors: Song Alex Y. , Kalapala Akhil Raj Kumar , Gibson Ricky , Reilly Kevin James , Rotter Thomas , Addamane Sadhvikas , Wang Haiwen , Guo Cheng , Balakrishnan Ganesh , Bedford Robert , Zhou Weidong , Fan Shanhui
Published: July 2021

We show that by using a perturbed photonic Dirac-cone, one can realize an ultra-narrow and finite Q-factor peak in the wavevector space, with both the peak value and the width separately tunable. We also discuss a lower bound in the minimal viable width given a peak Q-value while maintaining sufficient Q differentiation among modes. The strong angular and frequency Q-selection finds applications in optical devices where strong angle- and frequency-selections are needed.
Geostrophic adjustment on the f-plane: Symmetric versus anti-symmetric initial height distributions
Authors: Yacoby Itamar , Paldor Nathan , Gildor Hezi
Published: July 2021

We study the fundamental process of geostrophic adjustment in infinitely long zonal and meridional channels of widths Ly and Lx, respectively, by deriving analytic solutions and simulating the linearized rotating shallow water equations (LRSWE). All LRSWE's variables are divided into time-independent (geostrophic) and time-dependent components. The latter includes Kelvin waves, Poincaré waves, and inertial oscillations. Explicit expressions are derived for both components, which are confirmed numerically. Anti-symmetric and symmetric initial height distributions, η0(x), are considered, both of which introduce a length scale, D, into the problem. We show that for an anti-symmetric η0(x), (i) the rate of approach to geostrophy is D-independent; (ii) the decay rate of inertial oscillations is ∝t−1/2; and (iii) for DLy≫1, the energy of the final state in any finite sub-domain of the channel exceeds that of the initial state, while for DLy≪1 the energy in the final state is smaller than in the initial state. In contrast, for a symmetric η0(x): (i) the rate of approach to geostrophy increases with D; (ii) the decay rate of inertial oscillations is ∝t−3/2, and (iii) the energy of the final state is always smaller than that of the initial state. In meridional channels, the effect of boundaries is to (i) block the waves, propagation to infinity; (ii) alter the spatial structure of the geostrophic flow; and (iii) discretize the frequency spectrum, thus eliminating the inertial oscillations. The ratio of wave energy to initial energy decreases with Lx for anti-symmetric η0(x) and increases with Lx for symmetric η0(x).
Correlation between anion related defects and ion beam induced luminescence in Y4Zr3O12
Authors: Mohan Sruthi , Kaur Gurpreet , Srivastava Sachin Kumar , Magudapathy P. , David C. , Gangavarapu Amarendra
Published: July 2021

Potential applications of Y4Zr3O12 as radiation waste containment and reinforcements of Zr/Al ODS alloys vest on its irradiation stability. Fundamental studies to identify the type of defects are important in order to recognize pathways for damage alleviation. In this context, studies related to the identification of point defects and their clusters by in situ ionoluminescence spectroscopy are taken up. The ionoluminescence spectrum acquired during 100 keV He+ ion irradiation shows two prominent bands, at 330 and 415 nm. Using density functional theory calculations with HSE06 hybrid exchange correlation function, the luminescent bands have been identified to be arising due to native and irradiation induced oxygen vacancy defects in charged and neutral configurations.
Semiconductor photocatalysts and mechanisms of carbon dioxide reduction and nitrogen fixation under UV and visible light
Authors: Kozlova Ekaterina A. , Lyulyukin Mikhail N. , Kozlov Denis V. , Parmon Valentin N.
Published: July 2021

The review summarizes the current knowledge about heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysts that are active towards photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide and molecular nitrogen under visible and near-UV light. The main classes of these photocatalysts and characteristic features of their application in the target processes are considered. Primary attention is given to photocatalysts based on titanium dioxide, which have high activity and stability in the carbon dioxide reduction. For the first time, the photofixation of nitrogen under irradiation in the presence of various semiconductor materials is considered in detail.

The bibliography includes 264 references.
Invader removal triggers competitive release in a threatened avian predator
Authors: Wiens J. David , Dugger Katie M. , Higley J. Mark , Lesmeister Damon B. , Franklin Alan B. , Hamm Keith A. , White Gary C. , Dilione Krista E. , Simon David C. , Bown Robin R. , Carlson Peter C. , Yackulic Charles B. , Nichols James D. , Hines James E. , Davis Raymond J. , Lamphear David W. , McCafferty Christopher , McDonald Trent L. , Sovern Stan G.
Published: July 2021

Significance

Invasive species can cause extinctions of native species and widespread biodiversity loss. Invader removal is a common management response, but the use of long-term field experiments to characterize effectiveness of removals in benefitting impacted native species is rare. We used a large-scale removal experiment to investigate the demographic response of a threatened native species, the northern spotted owl, to removal of an invasive competitor species, the barred owl. Removal of barred owls had a strong, positive effect on survival of spotted owls, which arrested long-term population declines of spotted owls. The results demonstrate that the long-term persistence of spotted owls will depend heavily on reducing the negative impacts of barred owls while simultaneously addressing other threats, such as habitat loss.
Developing high-yielding
Striga
-resistant maize in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Badu-Apraku Baffour , Fakorede Morakinyo A.B. , Akinwale Richard O. , Adewale Samuel A. , Akaogu Ijeoma C.
Published: July 2021

Striga hermonthica
is a major stress of maize in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), in collaboration with national scientists, have used team approach to investigate how best to solve the problem. Emphasis was on (i) establishing a reliable infestation technique for selecting resistant/tolerant genotypes, (ii) availability of appropriate germplasm and good sources of
Striga
resistance, (iii) use of appropriate breeding methods for incorporating resistance genes into adapted germplasm, and (iv) extensive multilocational evaluation to identify genotypes with stable performance. Host plant resistance, with additive-dominance model, has been the major control option for
S. hermonthica
infestation on maize. Recurrent selection, followed by hybridization of inbred lines developed from its products, have been used to identify high-yielding, stable hybrids for commercialization in SSA. In a study involving early-maturing tropical maize inbred lines, 24 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers significantly associated with grain yield,
Striga
damage, ears per plant, and ear aspect under
Striga
infestation were detected. In a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping study involving extra-early white BC
1
S
1
families obtained from TZEEI 29 (
Striga-
resistant) and TZEEI 23 (
Striga
susceptible) inbreds, 14 QTLs were identified for
Striga
resistance/tolerance traits. In a second QTL study involving the extra-early yellow F
2:3
families derived from the
Striga-
resistant parent (TZEEI 79) and the susceptible parent (TZdEEI 11), 12 QTL were identified for 4
Striga
resistance/tolerance traits. QTL identified in the studies would be invaluable for rapid introgression of
Striga
resistance genes into maize genotypes using marker-assisted selection approaches after validation of QTL in inbreds.
Public inquiries as procedural policy tools
Authors: Stark Alastair , Yates Sophie
Published: July 2021

In this article we conceptualise the public inquiry as a procedural tool and address the question of what makes a public inquiry an effective policy instrument. The issue of control is central to our arguments. In our conceptual work, we use control as a means of introducing the concept of the ‘catalytic procedural tool’ to better capture the variance in autonomy, location and function that can be associated with different inquiries. In our evaluative work, we use control as a means of analysing the effectiveness of an inquiry as a procedural tool, which centres on a capacity to build legitimacy and prospectively influence the implementation and institutionalisation of recommendations. We conclude by claiming that there is value in thinking about control as a means of understanding policy instruments because it can deliver insights into their effects once they leave the design table and enter a variety of technical, political and social environments.
Predictors of Weight Gain and Metabolic Indexes among Men Admitted to Forensic Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Hilton N. Zoe , Ham Elke , Hill Stephanie , Emmanuel Talia , Konkolÿ Thege Barna
Published: July 2021

People with mental health disorders face elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which increases the risk of serious health problems and premature mortality. Obesity is prevalent among those hospitalized in forensic psychiatric units, and substantial weight gains during hospitalization have been reported. We examined International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and proxy MetS indexes (body mass index [BMI], blood pressure, and waist circumference) in the medical records of 527 men admitted to a forensic hospital, and tested predictors of weight gain during their first year or less in hospital. IDF indexes were documented for 22% of men whereas proxy indexes were documented for 46%. Both suggested similar MetS prevalence: 16% IDF, 17% proxy. Weight gain averaged 1.72 kg per month; BMI, being a smoker, and length of stay were independent predictors. Interventions focusing on these risk factors are advisable in order to support both mental and physical health among individuals admitted to forensic psychiatric services. The proxy MetS indexes offer a rapid screening measure and a promising tool for research studies and clinical practice in the absence of blood test results.
The response of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors beyond the eikonal equation
Authors: Mieling Thomas B
Published: July 2021

The response of Michelson interferometers to weak plane gravitational waves is computed at one order of accuracy beyond the eikonal equation. The modulation of the electromagnetic field amplitude and polarisation are taken into account by solving the transport equations of geometrical optics with boundary conditions adapted to laser interferometry. Considering both DC and balanced homodyne readout schemes, explicit formulae for the interferometer output signals are derived. These signals comprise perturbations of the optical path length, frequency and amplitude, and are shown to be insensitive to polarisation perturbations.
Early-response multiple-parameter biodosimetry and dosimetry: risk predictions
Authors: Blakely William F , Port Matthias , Abend Michael
Published: July 2021

The accepted generic multiple-parameter and early-response biodosimetry and dosimetry assessment approach for suspected high-dose radiation (i.e. life-threatening) exposure includes measuring radioactivity associated with the exposed individual (if appropriate); observing and recording prodromal signs/symptoms; obtaining serial complete blood counts with white-blood-cell differential; sampling blood for the chromosome-aberration cytogenetic bioassay using the ‘gold standard’ dicentric assay (premature chromosome condensation assay for exposures >5 Gy photon acute doses equivalent), measurement of proteomic biomarkers and gene expression assays for dose assessment; bioassay sampling, if appropriate, to determine radioactive internal contamination; physical dose reconstruction, and using other available opportunistic dosimetry approaches. Biodosimetry and dosimetry resources are identified and should be setup in advance along with agreements to access additional national, regional, and international resources. This multifaceted capability needs to be integrated into a biodosimetry/dosimetry ‘concept of operations’ for use in a radiological emergency. The combined use of traditional biological-, clinical-, and physical-dosimetry should be use in an integrated approach to provide: (a) early-phase diagnostics to guide the development of initial medical-management strategy, and (b) intermediate and definitive assessment of radiation dose and injury. Use of early-phase (a) clinical signs and symptoms, (b) blood chemistry biomarkers, and (c) triage cytogenetics shows diagnostic utility to predict acute radiation injury severity.
Unstable entropy in smooth ergodic theory
*
Authors: Tahzibi Ali
Published: July 2021

In this survey we recall basic notions of disintegration of measures and entropy along unstable laminations. We review some roles of unstable entropy in smooth ergodic theory including the so-called invariance principle, Margulis construction of measures of maximal entropy, physical measures and rigidity. We also give some new examples and pose some open problems.
Parabolic Kirchhoff equations with non-homogeneous flux boundary conditions: well-posedness, regularity and asymptotic behavior
Authors: Mamani Luna Tito L , Madeira Gustavo Ferron
Published: July 2021

We investigate well-posedness, regularity and asymptotic behavior of parabolic Kirchhoff equations

∂

t

u
−
a

∫
|
∇
u

|

2

Δ
u
+
α

(

x

)

u
=
f

(

x

)

in

Ω
×

(

0
,
∞

)

,

on bounded domains of

R

N

, N ⩾ 2, with non-homogeneous flux boundary conditions

a

∫
|
∇
u

|

2

∂
u

∂
ν

+
β

(

x

)

u
=
g

(

x

)

on

∂
Ω
×

(

0
,
∞

)

of Neumann or Robin type. The data in the problem satisfy (f, g, u(0)) ∈ L
2(Ω) × L
2(∂Ω) × H
1(Ω). Approximated solutions are constructed using time rescaling and a complete set in H
1(Ω) relating the equation and the boundary condition. Uniform global estimates are derived and used to prove existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence on data, a priori estimates and higher regularity for the parabolic problem. Existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions are shown, as well as a description about their role on the asymptotic behavior regarding to the evolutionary equation. Furthermore, a sufficient condition for the existence of isolated local energy minimizers is provided. They are shown to be asymptotically stable stationary solutions for the parabolic equation.
Observation of the dynamics of an ergodic quantum protocol in a photonic realization
Authors: Qu Dengke , Kálmán Orsolya , Zhu Gaoyan , Xiao Lei , Wang Kunkun , Kiss Tamás , Xue Peng
Published: July 2021

Iterated quantum protocols with measurement-based selection lead to deterministic chaos for the evolving pure state representing an ensemble of qubits. Deterministic chaos for the pure quantum state may lead to ergodic evolution in the sense that initial states from any small area on the Bloch sphere will cover the whole sphere after a finite number of iterations. We realize two steps of an ergodic protocol in a photonic experiment, where initial qubit states are encoded in the polarization and path degrees of freedom of down-converted photons stemming from a parametric process. We numerically analyze the effect of noise on the time evolution and show that the protocol, described by a Lattès map, remains quasi-ergodic for any initial state if the initial noise is small. Tomographic reconstruction of the quantum states throughout the evolution is consistent with simulations and thus demonstrates ergodicity of the quantum dynamics.
ECLIPSE: a fast Quadratic Maximum Likelihood estimator for CMB intensity and polarization power spectra
Authors: Bilbao-Ahedo J.D. , Barreiro R.B. , Vielva P. , Martínez-González E. , Herranz D.
Published: July 2021

We present ECLIPSE (Efficient Cmb poLarization and Intensity Power Spectra Estimator), an optimized implementation of the Quadratic Maximum Likelihood (QML) method for the estimation of the power spectra of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This approach allows one to reduce significantly the computational costs associated to this technique, allowing to estimate the power spectra up to higher multipoles than previous implementations. In particular, for a resolution of N
side = 64, ℓmax = 192 and a typical Galactic mask, the number of operations can be reduced by approximately a factor of 1000 in a full analysis including intensity and polarization with respect to an efficient direct implementation of the method. In addition, if one is interested in studying only polarization, it is possible to obtain the power spectra of the E and B modes with a further reduction of computational resources without degrading the results. We also show that for experiments observing a small fraction of the sky, the Fisher matrix becomes singular and, in this case, the standard QML can not be applied. To solve this problem, we have developed a binned version of the method that is unbiased and of minimum variance. We also test the robustness of the QML estimator when the assumed fiducial model differs from that of the sky and show the performance of an iterative approach. Finally, we present a comparison of the results obtained by QML and a pseudo-C
ℓ estimator (NaMaster) for a next-generation satellite, showing that, as expected, QML produces significantly smaller errors at low multipoles. The ECLIPSE fast QML code developed in this work will be made publicly available.
Preliminary results on the quality control of blood irradiators using an alanine/electron paramagnetic resonance dosimeter
Authors: Kim H.J. , Lee D.Y. , Kye Y.U. , Kim J.K. , Jo W.S. , Kang Y.-R.
Published: July 2021

Approximately 48 medical institutions in South Korea own and
use blood irradiators; however, the quality control of blood
irradiators is insufficient. This study was conducted to establish
quality control procedures for blood irradiators using an alanine
dosimeter and to ensure reliability of dosimetry. For dosimetry
using alanine dosimeters, measurements were performed using an
alanine dosimeter jig developed in this study to ensure dose
delivery system reliability. Furthermore, the dose and dose
distribution were verified, and the uncertainty was evaluated.
Calibration of nuclear recoils at the 100 eV scale using neutron capture
Authors: Thulliez L. , Lhuillier D. , Cappella F. , Casali N. , Cerulli R. , Chalil A. , Chebboubi A. , Dumonteil E. , Erhart A. , Giuliani A. , Gunsing F. , Jericha E. , Kaznacheeva M. , Kinast A. , Langenkämper A. , Lasserre T. , Letourneau A. , Litaize O. , de Marcillac P. , Marnieros S. , Materna T. , Mauri B. , Mazzucato E. , Nones C. , Ortmann T. , Pattavina L. , Poda D.V. , Rogly R. , Schermer N. , Serot O. , Soum G. , Stodolsky L. , Strauss R. , Vignati M. , Vivier M. , Wagner V. , Wex A.
Published: July 2021

The development of low-threshold detectors for the study of
coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and for the search for
light dark matter necessitates methods of low-energy calibration. We
suggest this can be provided by the nuclear recoils resulting from
the γ emission following thermal neutron capture. In
particular, several MeV-scale single-γ transitions induce
well-defined nuclear recoil peaks in the 100 eV range. Using the
FIFRELIN code, complete schemes of γ-cascades for various
isotopes can be predicted with high accuracy to determine the
continuous background of nuclear recoils below the calibration
peaks. We present a comprehensive experimental concept for the
calibration of CaWO4 and Ge cryogenic detectors at a research
reactor. For CaWO4 the simulations show that two nuclear recoil
peaks at 112.5 eV and 160.3 eV should be visible above background
simply in the spectrum of the cryogenic detector. Then we discuss
how the additional tagging for the associated γ increases the
sensitivity of the method and extends its application to a wider
energy range and to Ge cryogenic detectors.
Radiation-induced effects in glass windows for optical readout GEM-based detectors
Authors: Maia Oliveira A. , Braccini S. , Casolaro P. , Heracleous N. , Leidner J. , Mateu I. , Murtas F. , Silari M.
Published: July 2021

In this paper we present irradiation measurements performed to select a transparent anode substrate that best meets the requirements of an optical readout for a novel detector, the LaGEMPix. The modification of the optical properties of the material due to proton irradiation were studied in soda-lime, fused quartz and fused silica glasses coated with an Indium Tin Oxide layer. The irradiations were performed using the research Beam Transfer Line (BTL) of the IBA Cyclone 18 MeV cyclotron of the Bern University Hospital (Inselspital). We recorded visible scintillation light generated by proton irradiation in the soda-lime and fused quartz samples. We also investigated the darkening of these three glasses and observed radiation-induced colour centres in the soda-lime glass sample. The optical transmission spectra of the samples were measured before and after irradiation. Reductions of 45%, 1% and 0.4% were observed for soda-lime glass, fused quartz and fused silica, respectively (with an associated error of 0.25%). We conclude that the best option for our specific application is the fused silica substrate, which will be the transparent anode for the next generation of the LaGEMPix detector.
Emerging threats from deforestation and forest fragmentation in the Wallacea centre of endemism
Authors: Voigt Maria , Supriatna Jatna , Deere Nicolas J , Kastanya Agustinus , Mitchell Simon L , Rosa Isabel M D , Santika Truly , Siregar Rondang , Tasirin Johny S , Widyanto Adi , Winarni Nurul L , Zakaria Zuliyanto , Mumbunan Sonny , Davies Zoe G , Struebig Matthew J
Published: July 2021

The Wallacea biogeographic region of Sulawesi, the Moluccas and Lesser Sunda is globally renowned for exceptional endemism, but is currently emerging as a development frontier in Indonesia. We assessed patterns and drivers of forest loss and fragmentation across the region, and used dynamic deforestation models to project future deforestation to 2053. Up to 10 231 km2 was deforested between 2000 and 2018, and a further 49 570 km2 is expected to be lost by 2053, with annual deforestation rates ranging between 0.09% and 2.17% in different sub-regions (average: 1.23%). Key biodiversity areas (priority sites for endemic and threatened biodiversity) are particularly vulnerable to deforestation if they are small, coastal and unprotected. Sub-regional variation in deforestation patterns and drivers must be acknowledged if conservation interventions are to be targeted and effective. We provide a valuable baseline from which to monitor Wallacea’s new development course, as Indonesia undergoes profound policy changes that will provide both challenges and opportunities for environmental governance and conservation.
Empirical estimation of weather-driven yield shocks using biophysical characteristics for U.S. rainfed and irrigated maize, soybeans, and winter wheat
Authors: Snyder Abigail , Waldhoff Stephanie , Ollenberger Mary , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2021

Agricultural yields are highly susceptible to changes in weather system patterns, including annual and sub-annual changes in temperature and precipitation. The impacts of future meteorological variable changes on crop yields have been widely studied in both empirical and process-based models. These changes in future yields can be used in economic models to adjust future crop yields or production functions to reflect the effects of changing weather conditions. This work presents an econometric approach that combines historical weather data with the biophysical growth cycles of maize, winter wheat, and soybean to predict the year-to-year weather-driven yield shocks for rainfed crops. Temperature and modeled soil moisture are taken as predictors, allowing testing of the fitted rainfed model’s ability to predict shocks to irrigated yields by assuming irrigation produces the yield-maximizing level of soil moisture. This approach enables prediction of the potential impacts of changing weather patterns on irrigated crops in areas that are currently primarily rainfed. We present the results of the empirical model, fitted with rainfed data; out-of-sample validation on irrigated crops; and projections of yield shocks under multiple future climate scenarios. Under a bias-corrected GFDL RCP8.5 scenario, this approach predicts the average of annual weather-induced yield shocks, relative to the average of 2006–2020 annual yield shocks, across U.S. counties in the 2040–2060 period of −17% and −13% for rainfed and irrigated maize, −19% and −18% for rainfed and irrigated soybean, and −4% and −2% for rainfed and irrigated winter wheat. Predicted changes in the 2070–2090 period are −30% and −29% for rainfed and irrigated maize, −33% for both rainfed and irrigated soybean, and −7% and −5%for rainfed and irrigated winter wheat. The annual yield shocks presented here will enable modeling of the economic consequences of extreme weather events and potential for irrigation to mitigate such events.
Construction of Forecast Model for Power Demand and PV Power Generation Using Tensor Product Spline Function
Authors: Matsumoto T , Yamada Y
Published: July 2021

Forecasting power demand and photovoltaic (PV) power generation is indispensable for the economic operation of electric utility businesses. Herein, robust demand and PV power forecast models are proposed that enable electricity companies including new entrants to efficiently forecast from small sample size data by using only published weather forecasts. We further enhance the previously proposed forecast models by using the tensor product spline function to impose smoothing conditions, not only in the seasonal direction but also in the hour direction, thereby constructing effective models that can incorporate multiple explanatory variables. The empirical results of the estimated two-dimensional trends are consistent with the intuitive interpretation, and the validations of the out-of-sample forecast error obtained from the data of nine different areas ensure the high robustness of the proposed model.
Electric Power Generation Modeling for an Experimental Biomimetic Turbine with Permanent Magnets in Places with Low Water Flow in the Mantaro Valley - Perú
Authors: Camayo K J , Quispe C , Moggiano N
Published: July 2021

The paper presents a methodology for the design of propeller and generator of a biomimetic hydraulic turbine, as well as an estimate of the electrical power generated for places with low-flow water inflows in the Mantaro Valley, Junín - Perú. The objective was to model the power generated by the biomimetic turbine when it is installed in irrigation channels of 0.8 x 0.8 m2, as a proposal for a micro-hydroelectric plant, an alternative generation with renewable energy, where the flow is at least 4 m3/s. For the verification of the design, a simulator of real conditions such as Computational Fluid Dynamics was used to predict the capacity the amount of force that acts on the movement axis based on the Finite Element Method, to verify the structural unity of the design. The design methodology is based on biomimetic technology, continuity equations, Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations, equations applied to determine power, through computational simulation of the turbine, obtaining data such as shaft speed and torque, through the percentage of pressure that exists in each hood, the power generated in the entire system was determined, by means of mathematical modeling a permanent magnet generator was developed as an alternative generator for this type of turbine.
Analytical Output of Smart Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam
Authors: Fang Yongfeng , Wen Lianghua , Tee Kong Fah , Cheng Zhengwei , Yong Xu
Published: July 2021

The smart piezoelectric cantilever beam (PSCB) is often used to make the self-powered vibration sensor. The structure of PSCB is studied. The equation of the output voltage of the PSCB under the vibration condition is established and the output voltage of the PSCB is analyzed. It has been found that the output voltage of the PSCB has a positive proportional relationship with its right end displacement. The output voltage is related with piezoelectric fiber material, electrode layer and their thickness, width and length.
Effect of Activation Methods on the Supercapacitor Performance of Hydrochar Derived from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Ketwong Tulakarn , Doong Ruey-An , Areeprasert Chinnathan
Published: July 2021

In this study, the activated carbon (AC) derived from oil-palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) for using in effective supercapacitor application was carried out by two main steps namely hydrothermal carbonization and activation with three different activated agents steam, carbon dioxide and potassium hydroxide for increase of the AC’s specific area. The fabricated AC had surface area of 246.9 – 809.7 m2/g which were extremely higher as compared to the non-activated carbon i.e., 1.1 m2/g. It is concluded that the chemically AC afforded the best material and showed the high specific capacitance of 101.1 F/g at the scan rate of 5 mV/s with 1 M Na2SO4 as neutral electrolyte over the three-electrode cell. The study revealed that EFB could be considered as a promising potential electrode for supercapacitor.
Kapok-cotton Carbon Sponges for Oil Recovery
Authors: Datiles Wayne Christian P , Herrera Marvin U , Manalo Ronniel D , Maguyon-Detras Monet Concepcion , Futalan Cybelle Concepcion M , Balela Mary Donnabelle L
Published: July 2021

Carbonized natural fibers show great promise as sorbents because of their low fabrication costs, high surface area, high sorption capacity, and improved oil selectivity. Pyrolysis was performed on cotton and kapok fiber blends to produce carbon fiber sorbents. The carbon sponges showed improved mechanical properties with the addition of cotton. Pure carbonized kapok fibers were quite brittle, leading to challenges in recovery after use. The static water contact angle of carbonized kapok fibers, carbonized kapok-cotton blend (50K50C), and carbonized cotton fibers were determined to be 137.0°, 135.0°, and 135.9° respectively. This was an observed improvement from 127.9° for raw kapok and 0° for raw cotton. Sorption experiments revealed that the 50K50C fibers have sorption capacities about 25-27 times its original weight at 27.77 g/g, 25.72 g/g, and 26.01 g/g for motor oil, palm oil, and diesel, respectively.
Analysis and Forecast of the Social Sphere Development in the Arctic Regions of the Russian Federation within the Framework of Industry 4.0 Exemplified by Murmansk Region
Authors: Antipov S K , Kikkas K N , Bobodzhanova L K , Krasnozhenova E E
Published: July 2021

The given article considers the main strategies of the social attractiveness of the Russian Federation Arctic Zone in the context of Industry 4.0 concept presented on the example of the Murmansk region. The research is devoted to the main factors affecting the public interest in the region development as well as the factors that reflect technological development and the intensity of technology implementation. The relationships of these factors are analyzed and the model that describes obtained relationships is presented. Based on the obtained model, the forecast is made and the assessment of the development prospects of this region is provided
Educational potential of the Murmansk region as a factor in the development of the Arctic territory in the context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Milskaya E A , Drobintseva D F , Naumova O N , Anosova N E , Safonova A S
Published: July 2021

The paper studies the features of the educational system development in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. The authors analyze the areas of education system development in the Arctic zones of the Russian Federation and the Murmansk region. The authors have carried out the analysis of the flagship university educational programs in the Murmansk region and proposed a system of indicators of educational potential, taking into account the peculiarities of training personnel for the Arctic territories.
Cross-polar transit potential of Russia: what prevents its implementation?
Authors: Gladkiy Yu N , Sukhorukov V D , Eidemiller K Yu , Almazova-Ilyina A B
Published: July 2021

Attention is drawn to the cross-polar transit potential of Russia in connection with the expansion of integration ties between the US and Canada, on the one hand, and the countries of East, South-East and South Asia, on the other. It is emphasized that the maintenance of cross-polar routes is considered a product of “high redistribution” and requires significant capital investments. In the Russian literature, the problem of economic efficiency of the organization of transcommunication messages has become the object of research relatively recently. It was the subject of fundamental disagreements among the authors, as some of them are of the opinion that for Russia the operation of Polar routes brings little commercial benefit and poorly takes into account the geopolitical interests of the country. One of the main reasons for this was the transition of the world’s airlines to the use of new aircraft models, and, accordingly, non-stop cross-polar flights. At the same time, the hopes of the authorities of certain Siberian regions to “get rich” at the receptions of thousands of flights a month were “put a cross”. The hypothetical possibility of Russia closing cross-polar air routes in response to the policy of economic sanctions of Western countries is discussed. It is concluded that such a step is unacceptable due to the hypothetical closure of the sky by EU countries for Russian carriers. The authors are convinced that in any case, the Russian Federation needs to take radical measures to develop its own polar aviation, build new modern airports in Siberia, as well as to improve air navigation services for flights in the harsh conditions of the Arctic.
Computer engineering as the knowledge-intensive core of digital Production: origin and development
Authors: Boldyrev Y Y , Glukhov V V , Stelmashonok E V , Krasnyuk L V , Mahmudova G
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the scientific and technical essence of forming and developing computer engineering from the very beginning of engineering analysis and design to the latest achievements in this field. In the course of their work, the authors, following the traditions of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, rely on the development of the fundamental foundations of the natural science knowledge, which has always served as a measure of engineering development. We consider a fairly long historical period from the time of I. Newton, L. Euler and J.-L. Lagrange, who laid the foundation of engineering sciences, through the XIX and XX centuries to our time. The authors focus on the most important tools of research, for both natural phenomena and engineering calculations, - tools of mathematical analysis. Nearly in the second half of the XX century, with the advent of computers, this tool acquired the features of mathematical modeling technologies. Today this mathematical modeling is the basis for development of advanced methods of computer engineering. But this very tool is evolving at an extremely rapid pace, integrating the most advanced approaches of mathematics, physical mechanics, computer (supercomputer) technologies and information and communication resources. This development, together with a number of other computer technologies, radically changed the concept of the traditional, centuries-old production process and gave rise to the idea of the Digital industry.
The current state of Atlantic salmon reproduction in the Keret River, White Sea basin, and how it can be increased
Authors: Ilmast N V , Alekseev M Yu , Zubchenko A V , Milyanchuk N P , Nemova N N
Published: July 2021

The Keret River is one of large salmon rivers in the White Sea basin. The estimated abundance of Atlantic salmon in the river began to decrease in 1991, reaching a maximum in 1997 due to the abruptly increased illegal fishing level and the invasion of juvenile Atlantic salmon by the monogeny of Gyrodactylus salaris. The studies conducted have shown that the salmon population in the Keret River is depressed and that the average distribution density of juveniles aged 1+ and older is 1.6 fish / 100 m2. Atlantic salmon reproduction on fish hatcheries is important for maintaining the population abundance (farm individuals make up over 50% of the population). Artificial Atlantic salmon reproduction in the Republic of Karelia’s rivers is carried out by the Karelian Branch of Glavrybvod FGBU at the Kem and Vyg fish hatcheries. The fish hatcheries could achieve better results by updating the juvenile breeding technology. An example of a new high-intensity biotechnology is the use of physical factors controlling the vital activity of fish in the various periods of ontogenesis. The study of the effect of low-intensity laser radiation in the early stages of ontogenesis has shown that red light over a certain dose range enhances the adaptability of fish by decreasing mortality and accelerating growth, thus decreasing the loss of fish products in fish hatcheries.
Development of a digital platform for the implementation of distributed control and navigation systems for underwater robotic systems performing technological operations in Arctic
Authors: Filaretov V F , Yukhimets D A , Zuev A V , Gubankov A S , Minaev D D
Published: July 2021

The paper proposes the architecture of a digital platform for the implementation of distributed control and navigation systems for underwater robotic systems that perform technological operations in Arctic. A system of command has been developed for this platform, which provides flexible assignment of various types and purposes of underwater robots missions. The concept of creating distributed control systems of the underwater robots is proposed. It provides the compatibility of existing on-board underwater robots systems with the proposed solution based on compact hydroacoustic systems of global hydroacoustic navigation developed in PAO “Dalpribor” (Vladivostok).
Prospects for the Applying of Nuclear Energy to the Seizure of the Arctic Zone of Russian Federation
Authors: Stoyanov A D , Eidemiller K Yu , Lobatyuk V V , Prischepa A S , Lagutin O V
Published: July 2021

The land use planning and management of the Arctic zone (AZ) is among the most significant items on the agenda today in terms of geopolitics and at the same time in terms of economics and technology. For Russia, the AZ is a strategically important part of the country, which occupies a significant territory; as a result, the problem of ensuring the developing of the energy network operating here is one of the priorities. Within this work, an analysis of the energy sector and prospects for its expansion are proposed, with a special emphasis on nuclear energy as the most competitive source of energy in the Extreme North.
Digitalization of Arctic shipping along the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Vicentiy A V
Published: July 2021

The proportion of scientific papers devoted to studying and scientifically substantiating climate change and ice melting in northern latitudes has been steadily increasing in recent years. Of particular interest to our country are researches studying climate change in the Arctic and the consequences of these changes. One of the effects of climate change is the retreat of Arctic ice to the North. Thereby, it becomes possible to more effectively use the Northern Sea Route. The Northern Sea Route is very promising both economically and strategically. Therefore, its development and active use is an important task for the state. However, there are a large variety of obstacles and problems related to the effective development of the Northern Sea Route. One of the most important is the underdevelopment of transport and logistics infrastructure, as well as insufficient digitalization of the basic services required for safe navigation in the difficult conditions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. In this context, the digitalization of Arctic shipping along the Northern Sea Route is an urgent task. The aim of the study is to develop approaches, methods and tools to ensure the digital transformation of Arctic shipping. Such infrastructure elements as Arctic ports, as well as services for ice and pilotage of vessels are considered separately. As the main research methods, we selected system analysis, conceptual modeling, ontological modeling and engineering. Two ontologies are presented as scientific and practical results obtained in the work: the ontology of the Arctic seaports of Russia and the ontology of shipping support in the waters of the Northern Sea Route. The paper also considers several promising directions for the development of the results obtained. One of these directions is related to the digitization of the most important components of the transport and logistics system for shipping along the northern coasts of the Russian Federation. This will provide better access to maritime transport infrastructure along the Arctic routes through the use of a single digital platform. We believe that the development of knowledge-based decision-making systems and machine learning approaches for maritime logistics management in the Arctic is a promising area for further research.
Description of unitary representations of the group of infinite 𝑝-adic integer matrices
Authors: Neretin Yury
Published: July 2021

We classify irreducible unitary representations of the group of all infinite matrices over app-adic field (p≠2p\ne 2) with integer elements equipped with a natural topology. Any irreducible representation passes through a groupGLGLof infinite matrices over a residue ring modulopkp^k. Irreducible representations of the latter group are induced from finite-dimensional representations of certain open subgroups.
Teaching Endangered Languages of Oral Tradition: How and What to Assess?
Authors: Karyolemou Marilena
Published: July 2021

In this article, we report the results of a study undertaken at the University of Cyprus (2017–2020) in the framework of the research project MapCyArS financed by the Leventis Foundation. The study concerns the design and development of an assessment test to evaluate proficiency in Cypriot Arabic (CA), a severely endangered language spoken in Cyprus. The article discusses the principles that need to guide the development of such tests and the need to take into consideration the structural, functional, and pragmatic conditions of the endangerment situation. The test uses audio and visual material to assess knowledge of vocabulary, non-verbal activities to assess oral comprehension in narratives, and admits translanguaging as a way to assess CA oral comprehension in dialogue. It is divided into six internally rated activities that concern exclusively oral comprehension and production. Four tasks target oral comprehension, one measures oral production; a last one assesses grammatical/metalinguistic competence.
Development of quantitative analytical method for volatile thiol compound with LC-ESI-MS as nonvolatile derivative by integrating a thiol-specific derivatization
Authors: Kawano Yusuke , Suzuki Kengo , Ohtsu Iwao
Published: July 2021

Generally, volatile thiols are hard to be measured with electrospray-ionization-type LC-MS due to the volatility. Therefore, we here evaluated the pretreatment of their S-bimanyl derivatization by monobromobimane to enable the detection as nonvolatile derivative. Consequently, we successfully developed the convenient and efficient method through the quantitative analysis of 2-furanmethanethiol (volatile thiol odorant of coffee aroma) in coffee bean.
Identification of miRNA–disease associations via multiple information integration with Bayesian ranking
Authors: Zhu Chi-Chi , Wang Chun-Chun , Zhao Yan , Zuo Mingcheng , Chen Xing
Published: July 2021

In recent years, increasing microRNA (miRNA)–disease associations were identified through traditionally biological experiments. These associations contribute to revealing molecular mechanism of diseases and preventing and curing diseases. To improve the efficiency of miRNA–disease association discovery, some calculation methods were developed as auxiliary tools for researchers. In the current study, we raised a novel model named Bayesian Ranking for MiRNA–Disease Association prediction (BRMDA) by improving Bayesian Personalized Ranking from three aspects: (i) taking advantage of similarity of diseases and miRNAs; (ii) incorporating miRNA bias for miRNAs associated with different number of diseases; and (iii) implementing neighborhood-based approach for new miRNAs and diseases. For each investigated disease, BRMDA used the set of triples (i.e. disease, labeled miRNA, unlabeled miRNA) that reflected association preference of the disease to miRNAs as training set, which made full use of unknown samples rather than simply considering them as negative samples. To investigate the predictive performance of BRMDA, we employed leave-one-out cross-validation and obtained Area Under the Curve of 0.8697, which outperformed many classical methods. Besides, we further implemented three distinct classes of case studies for three common Neoplasms. As a result, there are 44 (Colon Neoplasms), 49 (Esophageal Neoplasms) and 49 (Lung Neoplasms) among the top 50 predicted miRNAs validated through experiments. In short, BRMDA would be a trustable tool for inferring valuable associations.