bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Examination of the Japanese Version of the Emotion Beliefs Questionnaire1234
Authors: Kashimura Masami , Ishizu Kenichiro , Becerra Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Emotion beliefs include beliefs regarding usefulness and controllability of emotions, and they play an important role in emotion regulation. This study developed a Japanese version of the Emotion Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ‐J) and examined its reliability and validity. A total of 317 participants were surveyed (212 women, 98 men, 7 not indicated; mean age: 20.06 ± 2.84 years). A preliminary survey was conducted with 23 undergraduate students to develop a draft of the Japanese version. The results confirmed the face validity of the measurement. The first cross‐sectional survey examined descriptive statistics, structural validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and gender differences in measurement scores. The second, short‐term longitudinal and cross‐sectional survey evaluated the test–retest reliability and construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the EBQ‐J had a four‐first‐order‐factor and two‐second‐order‐factor structure. The results were consistent with the original EBQ. The measurement demonstrated good internal consistency, moderate to excellent test–retest reliability, and partially verified construct validity. The EBQ‐J could assess emotion beliefs across positive and negative emotions and explain emotion regulation processes.
The social construction of algorithms: A reassessment of algorithmic management in food delivery gig work
Authors: Heiland Heiner
Published: November 2023

Algorithms are usually regarded as fixed objects. In contrast, the article conceptualises and analyses the (social) construction of algorithmic management. By means of interviews, ethnography and analyses of chats, two allocation algorithms in platform‐mediated courier work are examined. Different levels of algorithm construction are identified and a conceptual framework is developed to analyse the connections between the workers' technological frames, theories and practices. It is shown that the couriers develop theories about the algorithms' mode of operation based on their assumptions and experiences, and that their practices are guided by these theories. As a result, it becomes apparent how workers develop false theories about the algorithms' mechanisms due to their opacity, which effectively disciplines their actions. However, the paper further describes how the ontogenetic nature of algorithms gives workers limited but existing agency in their interactions with technologies.
Diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia and vehicle driving restriction: a scoping review
Authors: de Almeida Wannessa Martins , Quintas Juliana Lima , Trindade Isabela Oliveira Azevedo , Pitta Leonardo Santos Rocha , Louzada Luciana Lilian , Nóbrega Otávio Toledo , Camargos Einstein Francisco
Published: November 2023

There are doubts about vehicle driving restriction for patients with Alzheimer's disease. A scoping review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis Protocols (PRISMA‐ScR) methodology. Relevant databases were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2022 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Articles were included if they specifically addressed driving, risk of accidents, permission or licence to drive a motor vehicle in a context of important cognitive decline, or if addressed traffic legislation on driving and dementia. Twenty‐three articles were selected for full reading, six of which were observational studies and only one with an interventionist method. All articles were carried out in high‐income countries such as the UK, the US, and Australia. As a conclusion, there is no psychometric test in the literature sensitive enough to assess vehicle driving competence in older adults with cognitive deficits. Based on selected studies, there is no robust evidence to make recommendation for or against the cessation of vehicular driving for patients with mild cognitive decline or with mild dementia. In some situations, vehicle driving cessation can impact patients and their families. In addition, legal regulations regarding vehicle driving for older adults and people with dementia are scarce worldwide. Despite the scarcity of studies addressing the theme of vehicle driving in the context of dementia, there is some level of consensual reasoning that patients with moderate to severe dementia should halt driving activities, but the same does not apply for patients with mild levels of cognitive impairment, including mild dementia.
Layered Security Guidance for Data Asset Management in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Ali Milaat Fahad , Lubell Joshua
Published: November 2023

Manufacturing industries are increasingly adopting additive manufacturing (AM) technologies to produce functional parts in critical systems. However, the inherent complexity of both AM designs and AM processes renders them attractive targets for cyber-attacks. Risk-based information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) security guidance standards are useful resources for AM security practitioners, but the guidelines they provide are insufficient without additional AM-specific revisions. Therefore, a structured layering approach is needed to efficiently integrate these revisions with preexisting IT and OT security guidance standards. To implement such an approach, this paper proposes leveraging the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s cybersecurity framework (CSF) to develop layered, risk-based guidance for fulfilling specific security outcomes. It begins with an in-depth literature review that reveals the importance of AM data and asset management to risk-based security. Next, this paper adopts the CSF asset identification and management security outcomes as an example for providing AM-specific guidance and identifies the AM geometry and process definitions to aid manufacturers in mapping data flows and documenting processes. Finally, this paper uses the open security controls assessment language (OSCAL) to integrate the AM-specific guidance with existing IT and OT security guidance in a rigorous and traceable manner. This paper’s contribution is to show how a risk-based layered approach enables the authoring, publishing, and management of AM-specific security guidance that is currently lacking. The authors believe implementation of the layered approach would result in value-added, non-redundant security guidance for AM that is consistent with the preexisting guidance.
Topology Optimization Using Neural Networks With Conditioning Field Initialization for Improved Efficiency
Authors: Chen Hongrui , Joglekar Aditya , Burak Kara Levent
Published: November 2023

We propose conditioning field initialization for neural network-based topology optimization. In this work, we focus on (1) improving upon existing neural network-based topology optimization and (2) demonstrating that using a prior initial field on the unoptimized domain, the efficiency of neural network-based topology optimization can be further improved. Our approach consists of a topology neural network that is trained on a case by case basis to represent the geometry for a single topology optimization problem. It takes in domain coordinates as input to represent the density at each coordinate where the topology is represented by a continuous density field. The displacement is solved through a finite element solver. We employ the strain energy field calculated on the initial design domain as an additional conditioning field input to the neural network throughout the optimization. Running the same number of iterations, our method converges to a lower compliance. To reach the same compliance, our method takes fewer iterations. The addition of the strain energy field input improves the convergence speed compared to standalone neural network-based topology optimization.
Artificial Neural Networks Application on Average and Stagnation Nusselt Number Prediction for Impingement Cooling of Flat Plate With Helically Coiled Air Jet
Authors: Fawaz H. E. , Osama Mostafa M. , Maghrabie Hussein M.
Published: November 2023

In order to estimate the average and stagnation Nusselt numbers for turbulent flow for impingement cooling of a flat plate with a helically coiled air jet, a new artificial neural network (ANN) model is presented in the present study. A new dataset of stagnation and average Nusselt numbers as a function of Reynolds number (Re) varied from 5000 to 30,000, nozzle plate spacing ratio changed from 2 to 8, and jet helical angles of 0 deg, 20 deg, 30 deg, 40 deg, and 60 deg was created based on an experimental investigation. The ANN structure is composed of three layers with hidden neurons of 14–10–8. The training process comprises feed-forward propagation of the selected input parameters, back-propagation with biases and weight adjustments, and loss function evaluation for the training and validation datasets. The activation function of the output layer is a linear function, and the rectified linear unit activation function is utilized in the hidden layers. The adaptive moment estimation algorithm is employed to minimize the loss function to accelerate the ANN training. To prevent an increase in training time caused by the marked discrepancy in the gradients of loss function considering the values of the weights, the “MinMax” normalization strategy was used. For the ANN model, the mean absolute percent error values were 2.35% for the average Nusselt number and 2.52% for the stagnation Nusselt number. According to the comparison of projected data with the outcomes of earlier experiments, the derived model’s performance was validated and the findings showed outstanding accuracy.
RECREACIÓN DE FORMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN CERÁMICA PREHISPÁNICA QUE PREVALECEN EN LA MEMORIA SOCIAL NAPO RUNA QUIJOS: ALTA AMAZONÍA ECUATORIANA.
Authors:   Universiad Regional Amazonica Ikiam, Solorzano Venegas María Soledad
Published: November 2023

"La información sobre el proceso de producción cerámico en lo que hoy se conoce como cantones Tena y Archidona, Provincia de Napo, se mantiene vigente con métodos y técnicas de producción tradicionales desde por lo menos el segundo milenio antes de cristo, hasta la actualidad. Si bien la modernidad ha contribuido a que parte de estos conocimientos se vayan adaptando a las necesidades de los portadores vinculadas a la economía de subsistencia, en la que el turismo naranja ha jugado un papel determinante, el trabajo mancomunado entre las comunidades portadoras de conocimientos ancestrales y la academia ha permitido que la manifestación hoy forme parte de la lista representativa del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial del Ecuador. El objetivo de esta ponencia es presentar los nodos críticos de la quema de los objetos cerámicos que forman parte de ajuares funerarios de contextos arqueológicos locales, recreados por una alfarera contemporánea. Utilizando la metodología CPM-Pert, y documentando las fases de la quema, con el apoyo de instrumentos modernos, se registró que los hornos a cielo abierto superan los 1.500°C. Esta situación, junto con la calidad de arcillas de esta zona, han contribuido a precisar que, a pesar de las condiciones ambientales adversad (humedad, tipos de suelo, entre otros factores) propios de la Alta Amazonía, los objetos arqueológicos que forman parte de contextos rituales mantienen su forma. "
Late surfactant administration after 48 hours of age in preterm neonates with respiratory insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Solís-García Gonzalo , Elias Sara , Dunn Michael , Jasani Bonny
Published: November 2023

Objective

To systematically review and meta-analyse the effect of late surfactant administration versus placebo in reducing the incidence of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.

Design

PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched until 30 May 2023, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing administration of surfactant after 48 hours of age versus placebo in preterm ventilator-dependent neonates. The primary outcome was incidence of death or BPD at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age (PMA). Secondary outcomes included incidence of BPD at 36 weeks PMA, pre-discharge mortality, use of postnatal steroids, post-discharge respiratory support, treatment with steroids or hospitalisation prior to 1-year corrected age.

Results

Pooled analyses of four RCTs (N=850) showed no statistically significant difference between groups in the incidence of death or BPD at 36 weeks’ PMA (relative risk (RR) 0.99; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.10; Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE): moderate). Late surfactant administration significantly decreased the need for post-discharge respiratory support prior to 1-year corrected age (two RCTs; N=522; RR 0.72; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.89; GRADE: low). Other secondary outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions

Administration of late surfactant does not improve the rates of death or BPD at 36 weeks when administered to preterm infants with prolonged respiratory insufficiency. Additional adequately powered trials are needed to establish the efficacy of late surfactant therapy in preterm infants.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42023432463.
Survey-identified experiences of prediagnosis and diagnosis process among patients with COPD, asthma, interstitial lung disease and bronchiectasis
Authors: Zhang Xiubin , Ellis Andrew , Quint Jennifer K , Bottle Alex
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and interstitial lung disease (ILD) can be convoluted, and limited data exist on understanding the experience of diagnosis from a patient perspective.

Aim

To investigate a patient’s ‘route to diagnosis’, particularly focusing on the time prior to seeking healthcare, and perceived experiences of the diagnostic pathway.

Methods

An online survey was distributed via the UK Taskforce for Lung Health and member mailing lists to patients as well as the website and social media accounts from 23 May 2022 to 5 July 2022. Analysis was descriptive; χ2tests were performed to make comparisons across diseases.

Results

There were 398 valid responses (COPD=156, asthma=119, ILD=67 and bronchiectasis=56). While only 9.2% of respondents who were eventually diagnosed with asthma had not heard of their disease, the corresponding percentages for COPD, ILD and bronchiectasis were 34.0%, 74.6% and 69.6%, respectively. 33.9% of people with bronchiectasis believed their delayed diagnosis was due to the health professionals’ lack of expertise or knowledge—24.4% for asthma, 19.2% for COPD and 17.9% for ILD.

People with COPD were more likely (37.2%) and patients with asthma less likely (10.9%) to report they did not know the signs of potential lung disease (p<0.001). People with COPD were more likely to report that they did not appreciate the severity or urgency of the situation (58.3%) than people with asthma (32.8%), ILD (43.3%) or bronchiectasis (28.6%, p<0.001). The proportion of patients reporting that they were being initially treated for another lung condition was higher in people with bronchiectasis (44.6%) and lower in people with asthma (8.4%, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Perceived reasons for diagnostic delay can help health professionals promote early diagnosis and management. Patients’ limited knowledge of respiratory diseases also played a factor, indicating the necessity to promote patients’ knowledge to encourage earlier help seeking.
Stroke reduction by cerebral embolic protection devices in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis
Authors: Heuts Samuel , Gabrio Andrea , Veenstra Leo , Maesen Bart , Kats Suzanne , Maessen Jos G , Walton Antony S , Nanayakkara Shane , Lansky Alexandra J , van 't Hof Arnoud W J , Vriesendorp Pieter A
Published: November 2023

Objectives

The use of cerebral embolic protection (CEP) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been studied in several randomised trials. We aimed to perform a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of randomised CEP trials, focusing on a clinically relevant reduction in disabling stroke.

Methods

A systematic search was applied to three electronic databases, including trials that randomised TAVI patients to CEP versus standard treatment. The primary outcome was the risk of disabling stroke. Outcomes were presented as relative risk (RR), absolute risk differences (ARDs), numbers needed to treat (NNTs) and the 95% credible intervals (CrIs). The minimal clinically important difference was determined at 1.1% ARD, per expert consensus (NNT 91). The principal Bayesian meta-analysis was performed under a vague prior, and secondary analyses were performed under two informed literature-based priors.

Results

Seven randomised studies were included for meta-analysis (n=3996: CEP n=2126, control n=1870). Under a vague prior, the estimated median RR of CEP use for disabling stroke was 0.56 (95% CrI 0.28 to 1.19, derived ARD 0.56% and NNT 179, I2=0%). Although the estimated posterior probability ofanybenefit was 94.4%, the probability of aclinically relevant effectwas 0–0.1% under the vague and informed literature-based priors. Results were robust across multiple sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

There is a high probability of a beneficial CEP treatment effect, but this is unlikely to be clinically relevant. These findings suggest that future trials should focus on identifying TAVI patients with an increased baseline risk of stroke, and on the development of new generation devices.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42023407006.
Postoperative Hirschsprung’s associated enterocolitis (HAEC): transition zone as putative histopathological predictive factor
Authors: Duci Miriam , Santoro Luisa , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Loss Greta , Mescoli Claudia , Gamba Piergiorgio , Fascetti Leon Francesco
Published: November 2023

Aims

Hirschsprung’s-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is the most severe complication of Hirschsprung disease (HD), and its pathogenesis is still unknown. Length of transition zone (TZ) interposed between aganglionic and normal bowel has been poorly explored as predictor for postoperative HAEC (post-HAEC). This study aimed to identify potential predictive factors for post-HAEC, with a particular focus on histopathological findings.

Methods

Data from Hirschsprung patients treated in a single Italian centre between 2010 and 2022 with a follow-up >6 months were collected. Thorough histopathological examination of the resected bowel was conducted, focusing on length of TZ and aganglionic bowel.The degree of inflammatory changes in ganglionic resected bowel was further obtained. Ultra-long HD, total colonic aganglionosis and ultra-short HD were excluded. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed.

Results

Thirty-one patients were included; 5 experienced preoperative HAEC (pre-HAEC) and later post-HAEC (16.1%), further 10 patients developed post-HAEC (total post-HAEC 48.38%). Pre-HAEC-history and a TZ<2.25 cm correlated with an early development of post-HAEC. Multivariate analysis identified a TZ<2.25 cm as an independent post-HAEC predictive factor (p=0.0096). Inflammation within the ganglionic zone and a TZ<2.25 cm correlated with higher risk of post-HAEC (p=0.0074, 0.001, respectively). Severe post-HAEC more frequently occurred in patients with pre-HAEC (p=0.011), histological inflammation (p=0.0009) and short TZ (p=0.0015).

Conclusions

This study suggests that TZ<2.25 cm predicts the risk of post-HAEC. Preoperative clinical and histopathology inflammation may predispose to worst post-HAEC. Readily available histopathological findings might help identifying patients at higher risk for HAEC and implementing prevention strategies.
Evaluating prospective study registration and result reporting of trials conducted in Canada from 2009 to 2019
Authors: Alayche Mohsen , Cobey Kelly D. , Ng Jeremy Y. , Ardern Clare L. , Khan Karim M. , Chan An-Wen , Chow Ryan , Masalkhi Mouayad , Ayala Ana Patricia , Ebrahimzadeh Sanam , Ghossein Jason , Alayche Ibrahim , Willis Jessie V. , Moher David
Published: November 2023

Adherence to study registration and reporting best practices is vital to fostering evidence-based medicine. All registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov conducted in Canada as of 2009 and completed by 2019 were identified. A cross-sectional analysis of those trials assessed prospective registration, subsequent result reporting in the registry, and subsequent publication of study findings. The lead sponsor, phase of study, clinical trial site location, total patient enrollment, number of arms, type of masking, type of allocation, year of completion, and patient demographics were examined as potential effect modifiers to these best practices. A total of 6720 trials were identified. From 2009 to 2019, 59% ( n = 3,967) of them were registered prospectively, and 32% ( n = 2138) had neither their results reported nor their findings published. Of the 3763 trials conducted exclusively in Canada, 3% ( n = 123) met all three criteria of prospective registration, reporting in the registry, and publishing findings. Overall, the odds of having adherence to all three practices concurrently in Canadian trials decrease by 95% when compared with international trials. Canadian clinical trials substantially lacked adherence to study registration and reporting best practices. Knowledge of this widespread non-compliance should motivate stakeholders in the Canadian clinical trial ecosystem to address and continue to monitor this problem.
Transparent Component Defect Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv7 Algorithm
Authors: Xiao Qixun , Huang Jingde , Huang Zhangyu , Li Chenyu , Xu Jie
Published: November 2023

Transparent components such as glass and fiber-reinforced plastics are widely used in engineering practice, which are prone to generate defects, and change its surface and internal structure, and cause great risks to the performance and stability of products. To solve the above problems, firstly, we studied the defect detection of transparent components, proposed an improved YOLOv7 (You Only Look Once V7) algorithm, replaced the Loss function CIoU (Complete-Intersection over Union) of the network model with Wise-IoU (Wise-Integration Over Union), and raised its convergence performance. Secondly, Global Attention Mechanism (GAM) is embedded in the backbone, and a dynamic target head frame is used in the output layer to generate the standard head frame and the attention function, improving the network’s attention to micro defects and ensuring the detection accuracy of micro defects. Thirdly, an intelligent defect detection platform was designed by combining mechanical engineering, visual perception, information processing and other technologies, and 150 rounds of comparative ablation experiments were conducted on typical transparent components. The improved algorithm has raised 2.6% in Mean Average Precision (MAP) value compared to the original algorithm. The improved model has better detection performance for micro defects and higher recognition accuracy. It can effectively screen out the location and category of defects, and eliminate defective components, which is consistent with the actual engineering situation. It satisfies the actual needs of product quality testing in the production process and provides reference experience for the industrial use of defect detection methods.
Evolutionary Gravitational Neocognitron Neural Network-Based Blood Flow Velocity Prediction Using Multi-Exposure Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging
Authors: Jain Pankaj , Gupta Saurabh
Published: November 2023

Wide-field and noncontact imaging technique called laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is utilized to map blood flow. To greatly improve prediction accuracy, the block-matching along 3-dimensional transform domain collaborative filtering-dependent denoising technique is developed. To implement real-time denoising, the processing time makes complexity. Due to the existence of considerable noise and artifacts, this is challenging to achieve the acceptable level with less raw speckle images. Notwithstanding, it acts poorly while learning from the original LSCI speckle contrast images because of the uneven noise distribution. To overcome this issue, an evolutionary gravitational neocognitron neural network-based blood flow velocity prediction using multiple exposure laser speckle contrast imaging (EGNNN-BFVP-MeLSCI) is proposed. Initially, the input MeLSCI datasets are collected from real-time dataset. The input picture is enhanced and noise is removed using pre-processing technique called altered phase preserving dynamic range compression (APPDRC). Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) window adaptive approach-dependent feature extraction approach is used for the preprocessed pictures. Using GLCM window adaptive method, the picture characteristics, such as intensity information, images derivative, geodesic information, contrasts, energy, correlations, homogeneity, and entropy, are retrieved. Then, the extracted features are transferred into the EGNNN classifier for accurately predicting the blood flow velocity. The performance of proposed method is executed at python and evaluated under certain performance metrics, such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, [Formula: see text]-measure, ROC, computation time, mean squared error, root mean squared error, predicted velocity. The proposed EGNNN-BFVP-MeLSCI method attains higher accuracy of 96.31%, 97.06%, and 93.52%, lower computational time of 97.22%, 91.39%, 96.41% compared with existing approaches, like DnCNN-BFVP-MeLSCI, CFD-BFVP-MeLSCI, DLS-BFVP-MeLSCI, CNN-BFVP-MeLSCI, DBN-BFVP-MeLSCI, CGAN-BFVP-MeLSCI and MVN-BFVP-MeLSCI, respectively.
Intelligent Target Classification Algorithm for 77G Radar Based on Correction Data Set
Authors: Zhang Jing , Jiang Qing , Fu Maosheng , Zhou Xiancun , Jia Chaochuan , Cai Cuicui , Zhou Quan , Liu Yu , Wu Xiuhai , Shen Xiyuan
Published: November 2023

Traffic participant classification is crucial in autonomous driving perception. Millimeter wave radio detection and ranging radar is a cost-effective and powerful method to perform the task in adverse traffic scenarios, especially in bad inclement weather (e.g. fog, snow and rain) and poor lighting conditions. This paper presents an intelligent target classification algorithm for 77G radar based on correction data set. First, in order to handle the problem that the original data set may easily be interfered by obstacles, the angle information is filtered by analyzing the spatial information of radar signals, which means the interference clutter of obstacles can be effectively removed. Second, the primary data set is corrected using the significant difference between the micro-Doppler of the human body and car. Finally, the characteristic information of the radar signal is extracted, including distance, speed, orientation, micro-Doppler and reflection intensity, and the obtained data sets containing three types of targets (vehicles, human bodies and obstacles) are generated. The generated dynamic and static data sets are collected by sufficient experiments to construct deep learning classification models. The results show that the classification accuracy is improved by the measure of data set correction.
Dynamic Topology Optimization of Constrained Layer Damping Structure Considering Non-Uniform Blast Load
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wu Fan , Xue Pu , Yang Tianguang
Published: November 2023

The non-uniform distributed pressure of impact wave is usually simplified into concentrated or uniform load equivalently in the optimization design of constrained layer damping structure. However, for the thin-walled structure, it becomes necessary to regard the load as a non-uniform distribution. In this paper, a topology optimization approach is proposed considering the blast load with non-uniform distribution, aiming to unveil its impact on optimization layouts and dynamic responses. Initially, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm is used to obtain the blast pressure what are extracted and integrated into the optimization model. Subsequently, the relative density is regarded as design variable. The construction of material penalty model and the topology optimization model are based on polynomial interpolation scheme (PIS). The sensitivity of objective function is deduced employing an improved adjoint variable method (AVM) to fit the load forms, and the Newmark-[Formula: see text] method is used to calculate the dynamic response. The optimization criterion (OC) is adopted to update the design variables. Finally, two numerical examples are used to exhibit the validity and accuracy of the presented methodology. The findings indicate that the distributed form, spread velocity, excited position and excited amplitude of the blast load all exert a notable influence on optimization results and dynamic response. These results underscore the valuable engineering application of this research and introduce a fresh perspective to the challenge of topology optimization under the blast case.
Responsible Recommendation Services with Blockchain Empowered Asynchronous Federated Learning
Authors: Ali Waqar , Kumar Rajesh , Zhou Xiangmin , Shao Jie
Published: November 2023

Privacy and trust are highly demanding in practical recommendation engines. Although Federated Learning (FL) has significantly addressed privacy concerns, commercial operators are still worried about several technical challenges while bringing FL into production. In addition, classical FL has several intrinsic operational limitations such as single-point failure, data and model tampering, and heterogenic clients participating in the FL process. To address these challenges in practical recommenders, we propose a responsible recommendation generation framework based on blockchain-empowered asynchronous FL that can be adopted for any model-based recommender system. In standard FL settings, we build an additional aggregation layer in which multiple trusted nodes guided by a mediator component perform gradient aggregation to achieve an optimal model locally in a parallel fashion. The mediator partitions users into
K
clusters, and each cluster is represented by a cluster head. Once a cluster gets semi-global convergence, the cluster head transmits model gradients to the FL server for global aggregation. In addition the trusted cluster heads are responsible to submit the converged semi-global model to a blockchain to ensure tamper resilience. In our settings, an additional mediator component works like an independent observer that monitors the performance of each cluster head, updates a reward score, and records it into a digital ledger. Finally, evaluation results on three diversified benchmarks illustrate that the recommendation performance on selected measures is considerably comparable with the standard and federated version of a well-known neural collaborative filtering recommender.
Mapping Effectiveness Studies of Occupational Therapy in Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Plastow Nicola Ann , de Wit Monique , Brown Megan , de Kock Monica , Pretorius Patricia , Pienaar Saskia , Venter Wernice
Published: November 2023

Background. Contextual relevance is an important consideration for evidence-based practice, especially in low- and middle-income countries where the nature of practice may differ from high-income countries. Resources and access to rehabilitation are constrained, and service-users face a range of intersecting challenges to activity and participation. Aim. To evaluate the body of evidence for the effectiveness of occupational therapy in Africa, and to determine if systematic reviews with meta-analysis and/or meta-synthesis are feasible. Methods and Analysis. We conducted a systematic scoping review of published and grey literature by following PRISMA-ScR guidelines across 13 databases and through personal contact with occupational therapists across Africa. Covidence software was used to manage a blind review process by at least three reviewers per included article. The McMaster Quantitative Review Form, NHMRC levels of evidence, the Cochrane PROGRESS-Plus health equity criteria, and the TIDieR checklist informed data extraction using Microsoft Forms. Results. The search yielded 4199 articles, of which 45 were included. Evidence in six fields of practice included paediatrics, mental health, physical rehabilitation, hand therapy, work practice, and community development, although the evidence was largely limited to South Africa (93% studies). Levels of evidence varied but included 13 RCTs. In all, 1957 participants were included, ranging in age from 25 days to 99 years, with a wide range of health conditions. Most studies reported a positive outcome for occupational therapy. Conclusion. Findings suggest a moderate body of evidence to support occupational therapy in Africa. Systematic review with meta-analysis, assessment of risk of bias, and in-depth analysis of specific areas of practice are now required. All effectiveness studies in occupational therapy should include measures of occupational performance or participation, minimum reporting standard checklists should be used more consistently, and effect sizes should be consistently calculated and reported in effectiveness research.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Intake, Dietary Behavior, Mental Health, and Academic Performance of a Ghanaian University Students
Authors: Kubuga Clement Kubreziga , Amoako Mary , Nyimagnun Frank Kibikal W.
Published: November 2023

Students are one vulnerable subgroup that experience a variety of persistent pressures, high levels of stress, and poor mental health due to academic demands. COVID-19 abruptly moved education away from the classroom and mandated that instruction take place either in a small classroom setting or remotely on digital platforms, it added to the already stressed climate. Though it is established that pandemics pose stress and stress affects food intake and academic performance, little has been explored in relation to COVID-19 pandemic induced stress, diet alteration, mental health, and dietary behaviors among university students in Ghana. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on diet alteration, dietary behavior, mental health, and academic performance among the students of the University for Development Studies. In this cross-sectional study design (n = 94), an online survey was conducted among undergraduate students of the University for Development Studies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. According to the study’s findings, all participants had different levels of stress, poor mental health, and problematic eating behaviors. About six out of every 10 students experienced stress induced by COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly half of the students altered their diets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority of the students were also engaged in problematic eating behaviors. Additionally, academic performance of students was heavily influenced: Students who reported worse academic performance were about eight times more likely to be stressed due to COVID-19 pandemic compared to students who reported no change to their academic performance. Our findings suggest that students of UDS experience variety of pressures which were compounded by COVID-19. There is a need for programs that improve stress levels, mental health, and food intake in the university setting.
Transações comerciais e a Alfândega do Rio de Janeiro na primeira metade do século XVII
Authors: Sá Helena de Cassia Trindade de
Published: November 2023

A proposta deste trabalho é analisar as relações comerciais estabelecidas na América lusa no período da União Ibérica e o papel da Alfândega neste cenário. A maior mobilidade nas fronteiras no momentoem que Portugalviveu sob o signo da Espanha favoreceu o intercâmbio entre as cidades costeiras do Brasil e Buenos Aires pela via marítima, uma vez que essas áreas estavam voltadas para o Atlântico. Deu-se dessa forma início a um tráfego regular  entre as capitanias brasileiras e a região do Rio da Prata. Assim, não apenas o porto de Salvador, mas também o do Rio de Janeiro passaram a ser entrepostos comerciais de onde partiam para aquela região  embarcações com mercadorias que tinham como destino final  o Potosí. É nesse sentido que as Alfândegas devem ser vistas como instituições essenciais para o funcionamento das engrenagens que visavam a arrecadação de impostos, a organização do comércio e o controle do contrabando, contribuindo para a montagem do aparato do sistema colonial que começava a ser implantado juntamente com  a introdução do exclusivo comercial e o incremento do tráfico de escravos.
Cais do Valongo: memórias e ressignificações
Authors: Santos Ivanir dos
Published: November 2023

Intervenção crítica do Prof. Dr. Babalawô Ivanir dos Santos
repercussão do maio de 68 no pensamento de Michel Foucault
Authors: Corrêa Erick Quintas
Published: November 2023

A bifurcação da produção teórica de Michel Foucault (1926 – 1984) em dois polos, arqueológico (1961-69) e genealógico (1969-79), tem origem em uma ruptura metodológica ocorrida no interior de sua própria obra. Nesse sentido, a noção de descontinuidade assume uma centralidade inquestionável, tanto no objeto de sua reflexão epistemológica, quanto em sua própria escrita e pensamento, ambos marcados por uma relação extremada com rupturas temporais. Neste artigo, demonstraremos como o movimento revolucionário que e clodiu na França em maio de 1968 não só provocou um profundo impacto sobre a obra do autor de Les mots et les choses, como também refutou o seu método arqueológico.
Umbanda e Ditadura Civil-Militar
Authors: Souza Fabíola Amaral Tomé de
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo analisa a religiosidade afro-brasileira, em especial a Umbanda, no período ditatorial civil-militar brasileiro entre 1964 a 1979 no Vale do Paraíba Fluminense. Enfatizando, também, as relações de poder entre este segmento religioso e a ditadura civil-militar no Brasil, assim como as políticas de incentivo, legitimação e reconhecimento da Umbanda pelo poder político nas esferas estadual e federal do período citado. Utilizando categorias como consenso e consentimento, procurando transpor o entendimento, por vezes simplificador que coloca de um lado um Estado opressor e de outro uma sociedade vitimizada.
As mulheres parteiras na Cidade de Goyaz
Authors: Age Mônica Paula
Published: November 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a história das mulheres parteiras na Cidade de Goyaz durante o século XIX. Por intermédio de fontes documentais, procurar-se-á desvendar seus valores, suas experiências e conflitos que fizeram parte da história dessas mulheres. A análise busca ainda mostrar que reivindicar a importância das mulheres parteiras na história significa, necessariamente, lutar contra padrões morais conservadores que foram antes estabelecidos. É, portanto, uma mudança significativa no modo de fazer história e não apenas um complemento.
Vale dizer... algumas palavras sobre o Professor István
Authors: Lima André Nicacio
Published: November 2023

Este texto foi escrito nos dias que se seguiram ao falecimento do Professor István Jancsó. O conteúdo foi mantido integralmente para a publicação na Revista Angelus Novus. O autor agradece a todos que manifestaram sua solidariedade e apoio naquele momento de grande comoção e informa que foi lançado recentemente o livro Um Historiador do Brasil: István Jancsó (São Paulo: Hucitec, 2010). Trata-se de um conjunto de depoimentos do professor sobre sua trajetória pessoal, política e acadêmica, organizado por Marco Morel, Andréa Slemian e pelo autor deste texto. Ainda que não fosse esta a intenção original, o livro não deixou de ser, entre muitas outras coisas, uma homenagem póstuma.
infância como objeto da história
Authors: Braga Douglas de Araújo Ramos
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo traçar um balanço sobre como o tema da infância e da juventude tem sido abordado na historiografia. Tendo em vista a escassez de trabalhos acadêmicos no Brasil de cunho de discussão teórica acerca da história da infância, faremos um panorama neste sentido partindo do livro fundador de Philippe Ariès, História Social da Criança e da Família, publicado inicialmente no início dos anos 1960. A partir desta obra, prosseguiremos com seus críticos, defensores e as diversas novas tendências em relação ao estudo da infância na história que vêm sido desenvolvidas, enfatizando aquelas ligadas à saúde e mortalidade infantil.
Gilberto Freyre e a infância no Brasil patriarcal
Authors: Costa Ricardo Peres da
Published: November 2023

O artigo apresenta as concepções da infância na obra de Gilberto Freyre e a sua relação com o público e o privado na sociedade patriarcal. A temática escolhida possibilitou observar o intercurso cultural, os equilíbrios, os antagonismos que marcam os escritos freyrianos sobre a organização da sociedade e a formação do Estado brasileiro. Este estudo é descrito em Casa Grande & Senzala e Sobrados e Mucambos de forma secundária, mas pontua o processo infantil das crianças: indígenas, brancas e negras em um momento específico da história nacional.
Vovô Joãozinho de chupeta
Authors: Rodrigues Camila
Published: November 2023

Entre setembro de 1966 e novembro de 1967, o escritor João Guimarães Rosa, no papel de Vovô Joãozinho, enviou cartões postais às suas netinhas mais novas, Beatriz Helena e Vera Lucia Tess (Ooó), que moravam com a família em São Paulo, convidando-as para passar uma temporada com os avós no Rio de Janeiro. Esta correspondência foi publicada em 2003, no livro Ooó do vovô – Correspondência de João Guimarães Rosa, vovô Joãozinho, com Vera e Beatriz Helena Tess e é sobre ela que tratamos neste artigo. Em nossa análise procuramos tomar aquele material como fonte histórica, já que nele encontramos interessantes registros de expressões de adultos e crianças na linguagem e no tempo. Além disso, o contato com aquele documento nos possibilitou um diálogo interdisciplinar com a linguística, a psicologia, a antropologia, a sociologia, entre outros, e também nos levou a inquirir outros materiais a ele relacionados, como imagens, entrevistas e literatura. Teoricamente sustentada no ideário filosófico a respeito dos infantes desenvolvido no século XX, especialmente expresso nas colocações de Walter Benjamin, esta interpretação pretende contribuir para exemplificar como aquele século inaugurou uma forma de olhar para a criança como ente participante e engendrador de sua própria cultura e história.
“Era uma vez...”
Authors: Masiero Cláudia Gisele , Silva Cristina Ennes da
Published: November 2023

Este estudo tem como tema a representação da infância presente no conto de fadas Chapeuzinho Vermelho, escrito pelos Irmãos Grimm, no início do século XIX, bem como no filme de animação Deu a Louca na Chapeuzinho (2005). O objetivo é identificar e analisar a concepção de infância representada nesses produtos culturais de tempos e sociedades distintas, buscando compreender semelhanças e diferenças que apresentam, veiculadas, é claro, aos seus respectivos contextos de produção. O tratamento dado às fontes centrou-se na perspectiva de analisá-las sob um aspecto, ou seja, como a protagonista se relaciona com seus pais ou pessoas mais velhas, por meio da metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo. Também se tem por base o conceito de representação social. Dessa forma, reflete-se sobre a infância entendendo-a como uma construção social que pode apresentar transformações segundo tempo e lugar, até mesmo em uma mesma sociedade.
Nem toda juventude é uma banda numa propaganda de refrigerantes
Authors: Muniz Silva Paulo Ricardo
Published: November 2023

A categoria juventude vem crescentemente entrando no campo do historiador como objeto de pesquisa nos últimos anos. O trabalho se apropria de discursos cristalizados sobre os jovens teresinenses no período. Supõe-se que tais discursos – especialmente aqueles veiculados através da grande imprensa – favoreceram tanto a conformação de imagens sociais sobre aqueles jovens quanto a fermentação de arranjos identitários. Aqui toma-se como sujeitos de análise os hippies em Teresina durante os anos 1970.
Editorial
Authors: Angelus Novus Revista
Published: November 2023

Editorial
Festival de Khoiak
Authors: Bielesch Simone Maria
Published: November 2023

Para celebrar a chegada das cheias do Nilo os egípcios realizavam um festival no 4º mês de Akhet ou Khoiak em homenagem ao deus Sokar-Osíris. Este tem como sua origem o Festival de Sokar realizado em Mênfis desde o Período Arcaico. Os principais atos deste festival eram a capinação da terra e a procissão ao redor dos muros do templo na qual o faraó puxava a barca Henu do deus Sokar. E igualmente na origem do Festival de Khoiak está o Festival de Osíris celebrado em Abidos desde ao menos o Médio Império. Neste era celebrado o renascimento de Osíris após o seu sepultamento e a derrota de seus inimigos por seu filho. A proximidade de Sokar e Osíris como deuses funerários e o aumento da popularidade de ambos os festivais permitiu a união destes últimos até a sua fusão total no Período Ptolomaico. O número de dias do festival também aumenta e novos elementos são incorporados a ele ao longo do tempo. O renascimento de Osíris e da vegetação trazida com as cheias do Nilo era celebrado com a confecção de uma figura reproduzindo o deus de uma mistura de areia e grãos. Figuras semelhantes as do festival foram encontradas no contexto funerário, de acordo com os indícios essas figurar são uma adaptação para o morto daquelas figuras executadas durante o Festival de Khoiak, possibilitando a ele renascer no Mundo dos Mortos assim como Osíris.
“Dorica Musa”
Authors: Correa Denis
Published: November 2023

O artigo aborda o livro “Pegma cum narrationibus philosophicis” (1555), de Pierre Coustau, e analisa seus aspectos textuais e iconográficos – especificamente o 39º emblema, intitulado “Dorica Musa”. O emblema em questão realiza uma forte crítica ao procedimento jurídico do seu tempo, e para tanto recorre às imagens e palavras da literatura grega clássica. O rastreamento do tema levou-nos a Hesíodo, poeta grego do século VIII a. C., configurando assim determinada memória cultural do mundo antigo, que Pierre Coustau atualiza para possibilitar a instrumentalização retórica deste conhecimento disponível, utilizado no contexto contemporâneo do autor.
olhar amoroso sobre a condição humana
Authors: Steinbach Amanda Maíra
Published: November 2023

Vianinha foi um dramaturgo versátil que atuou em várias frentes e viveu períodos distintos da história do Brasil. Sua obra pode ser pensada de diversas maneiras e pelas mais distintas áreas. Uma das características mais marcantes de sua dramaturgia, denominada de engajada, é a profunda compreensão da condição humana e de sua inevitável divisão num mundo desigual. Não são poucas as personagens, que corriqueiramente julgaríamos como vis, para  as quais o autor lançou um olhar amoroso e compreensivo. Este texto abordará essa faceta de Vianinha na construção do personagem Jasão do Caso Especial veiculado em 1973 pela Rede Globo de Televisão, como livre adaptação da tragédia grega de Eurípedes, Medéia.
trabalhadores da construção civil na revista Veja
Authors: Rautenberg Edina
Published: November 2023

O projeto de mestrado visa dar continuidade às investigações acerca do papel exercido pela revista semanal Veja enquanto aparelho privado de hegemonia, sob uma visão gramsciana, e sua função na luta intra-classe da burguesia nacional durante o período da ditadura civil-militar brasileira. Nosso trabalho, com bolsa de pesquisa financiada pela CAPES, procura perceber os interesses de classe defendidos na linha editorial da revista Veja, priorizando em perceber a revista como aparelho privado de hegemonia com afinidades políticas em torno de um setor específico do capital, as empresas de construção civil. Pretendemos demonstrar como a revista foi construindo seu discurso de maneira a criar consenso em torno dos projetos desse setor que, supomos, tinham consonância com os da revista. Neste sentido, este artigo procurará identificar, dentro das matérias levantadas que tratavam do setor da construção civil, a figura dos trabalhadores e como eles são apresentados por Veja.
Editorial
Authors: Aos nossos leitores Editorial:
Published: November 2023

Aos nossos leitores.