bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Video Animasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman
Authors: Mulya Yogi , Yeni J Fetri , Eldarni Eldarni , Masnur Alkadri
Published: November 2024

Student learning outcomes are still low, especially in science subject grade VIII at SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman. This is because the media used by teachers in the learning process is still less varied, teachers use media in the form of printed books in which there are pictures that are difficult for students to understand. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of animated video media on student learning outcomes in science subject grade VIII at SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman. This type of research is quantitative research with an experimental approach in the form of a quasi experiment. The sample selected was class VIII.3 as a control class with 31 people and class VIII.5 as an experimental class with 31 people. This research was conducted on science subjects with human respiratory system material. The data processing used was a normality test, a homogeneity test, and a hypothesis test using the independent test method of t-test samples, with a significant level of ∝<0.05. The results showed that there was a difference in learning outcomes, the experimental class with an average score of 70.48, compared to the control class with an average score of 60.38. Based on the results of the t-test calculation, t count = 2.987 while t table with a significant level ∝0.05 = 2.0003. When compared, the t calculation > t table is 2.987 > 2.0003. Which means that H1 is accepted, so that the effective animation video media is significantly applied to the learning outcomes of grade VIII students in science subjects at SMP Negeri 3 Pariaman
Pengalaman Self Directed Learning Mahasiswa dalam Project Based Learning
Authors: 'Aini Zahratul , Adri Zakwan
Published: November 2024

This study aims to see an overview of students' self-directed learning experiences when conducting project-based learning. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Participants in this study are students who are or have participated in project-based learning. Data analysis was carried out using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method to understand students' in-depth experience in managing self-directed learning. The validity of the research is maintained through triangulation of data sources and confirmation of results to participants The research results show that students who have good self-directed learning skills can overcome various challenges in project based learning such as problems in team collaboration and time management. In addition, the self-evaluation carried out by students during the learning process helps them improve critical thinking skills, resource management and independence. Intrinsic motivation factors and external support play an important role in supporting the success of self-directed learning in project based learning. This research concludes that self-directed learning plays a significant role in increasing the effectiveness of studenjt learning in project based learning, both in terms of academic results and life skills development
Hubungan Antara Kompetensi Pedagogik Mahasiswa Kampus Mengajar dengan Hasil Belajar Praktik Mengajar TP FIP UNP
Authors: Maharani Maharani , Yeni J Fetri , Rahmi Ulfia , Amsal Mutiara Felicita
Published: November 2024

This research was motivated by students who participated in the Teaching Campus (KM) who had not been able to master and apply pedagogic competencies properly while participating in the KM program. This study aims to determine the relationship between the pedagogic competence of teaching campus students and the learning outcomes of TP FIP UNP teaching practice. This research was conducted using a quantitative research method in the form of correlation. Where there are 31 sample students who took part in KM. The data collection technique is the learning outcomes of student teaching practice. The data analysis techniques are normality test and linearity test with product moment correlation test mode. Based on the person correlation test of variable X of 0.043, this value is between 0.00-0.19 which means that the level of closeness of the variable X with Y is very weak, the Pearson Correlation value in a negative form indicates that if the variable X increases, the Y variable decreases and indicates that the Pearson correlation relationship is not unidirectional. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between pedagogic competence and the learning outcomes of KM students' teaching practice.
COMPLICAÇÕES DERMATOLÓGICAS ASSOCIADAS AO USO DE ÁCIDO HIALURÔNICO NA ESTÉTICA FACIAL
Authors: Gadelha Diana Queiroz , Rodrigues Kamylla Rebeca Beira-Mar , Milome Andréia Torres , Avelino Bruna da Silva Souza
Published: November 2024

O envelhecimento é influenciado por fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos que causam alterações fisiológicas nos tecidos do corpo. Em resposta, muitos pacientes buscam procedimentos rápidos, não cirúrgicos e minimamente invasivos para rejuvenescer a aparência facial. Entre as técnicas mais comuns, destacam-se os aplicadores faciais e preenchedores, que são amplamente utilizados para prevenir ou atenuar os sinais de envelhecimento, por meio da inserção de substâncias sob a pele. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar as complicações dermatológicas associadas ao uso de AH na estética facial. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura. Foram acessadas as seguintes bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCIELO e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). As complicações dermatológicas associadas ao uso de ácido hialurônico (AH) na estética facial, embora raras, podem incluir eritema, edema, hematomas e, em casos graves, necrose, devido à compressão ou obstrução vascular. Reações de hipersensibilidade e infecções, causadas por falhas de assepsia, também são possíveis. A técnica inadequada e a inexperiência do profissional aumentam esses riscos, tornando essencial a avaliação criteriosa do paciente e a adoção de práticas seguras para garantir a eficácia do tratamento.
AN ANALYSIS OF NON-ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS’ ENGLISH WRITING ABILITY BASED ON CORRECTING NETWORK: A CASE STUDY OF PANZHIHUA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Yuanqi Ding , Haitao Wang
Published: November 2024

In the current college education system, for non-English majors, college English is a basic subject with an important position, especially for writing. English writing ability is an expression of English comprehensive ability, which can objectively reflect students’ language application ability. In the teaching of English writing in colleges and universities, it is necessary to innovate the teaching mode and build a modern education system to stimulate students’ enthusiasm for writing. As an automatic composition correction system, the correcting network conforms to the trend of educational informatization and promotes the reform of the traditional writing teaching mode. It is of great help to improve college students’ writing ability. This paper collects the composition data from the two advanced classes of non-English majors in Panzhihua University based on the correcting network. Research methods of experimental, comparative, theoretical, and interview are used to analyze the writing samples to find out some problems. Then some related causes are to be analyzed and some reasonable suggestions to be put forward for teachers and students to make full use of information resources, and strengthen the online interaction, so as to improve students’ English writing ability.
EMPLOYMENT TRAJECTORY AND WELL-BEING OF LATER LIFE IN THE UK: A STUDY USING ELSA DATA AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Lin Qingchuan , Chen Dongjing
Published: November 2024

The aging population problem has grown so significantly around the world these years that it has morphed into a formal field of research that has drawn much attention and popularity. Compounding the aging problem is the fact that the elderly’s financial and health well-being are unstable and are influenced by a series of factors. This research aims to discover the relationship between the working trajectories of older people (WHEN THEY ARE YOUNG?) and financial and health well-being (IN THEIR LATER LIFE?). Besides, the study also aims to identify the factors which influence people’s working trajectories. The study utilizes the panel data from waves 1 to 9 of The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), covering 2002 to 2019. By employing sequence analysis, the study categorized the working trajectories of the elderly into 5 groups: (1) Early retirement (2) Out of labor and early retirement (3) Self-employed (4) Employed and late retirement (5) Standard retirement. Then, the study used multi-nominal logistic regression to examine how the factors in 2002 determined the trajectories in the following years. The study further assesses how employment trajectories affect the financial well-being and health status of the elderly. Overall, self-employment and employment but late retirement will positively affect the income of older individuals. While being out of labor will generate negative effects on the elderly’s health status. The findings of this study have multiple implications for retirement planning, pension systems, and employment policies.
A RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF GRADED ENGLISH PICTURE BOOKS IN EIGHTH GRADE ENGLISH READING TEACHING
Authors: Dandan Liu , Haitao Wang
Published: November 2024

Reading is one of the important ways for learners to acquire language skills. The "New Curriculum Standard for Junior High School English" emphasizes the importance of English reading, and English teachers should focus on cultivating students’ English reading literacy. This requires teachers to explore new teaching methods and select suitable reading materials as supplements to textbooks. English graded picture books are excellent reading materials that compensate for the deficiencies of textbooks and stimulate readers’ interest through beautiful illustrations, thereby cultivating students’ reading habits. English picture book reading teaching can meet the requirements of the new curriculum standard and cultivate students’ core literacy, making it an excellent teaching model. Using this teaching model in eighth-grade English reading instruction can enhance the efficiency of English teacher’s reading instruction and improve students’ independent learning abilities. This article employs methods such as questionnaire surveys, interviews, and classroom observations to understand students’ reading situations and issues in reading teaching, grade students’ reading levels, select appropriate graded English picture books for students, and design English reading teaching by integrating picture books with textbooks.
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF ACCESS POINTS IN FIBER OPTIC NETWORK WITH THE HELP OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Authors: KHAFAJI Zainab , Najaf
Published: November 2024

Fiber to the home is the most advanced technology for building the next generation of communication networks around the world. FTTH is the most promising technology that can provide high bandwidth with more reliability and very high quality of service compared to the previous type of traditional internet connection technologies such as DSL. There are several open issues and research in the implementation of these networks. Among these research topics, the optimal placement of the ONU is very important because it leads to cost efficiency and resource optimization. Various schemes and optimization algorithms have been implemented and compared to determine the location of the ONU in previous work. In this paper, with the help of linear programming algorithm, a suitable method in terms of speed and accuracy in order to optimize network creation costs according to the proposed model is presented. The results confirm that the proposed method has the best performance in terms of simulation time among the existing algorithms. It is also competitive with other algorithms in terms of cost savings.
PEER PRESSURE AS PREDICTORS OF FEMALE STUDENTS’ SEXUAL PROMISCUITY IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION IN DELTA STATE
Authors: URIEN Dr. Peter , URIEN Dr. James , Omojewe AKPOCHAFO Prof. (Mrs.) Grace
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the relationship between peer pressure and female students’ sexual promiscuity. The study was guided by three research questions and hypotheses. Using a correlational method of ex-post facto research design, a total of 1,566 female students were sampled from universities across Delta Central Senatorial District. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire was adequately validated by experts and factor analysis while the reliability was estimated and found adequate. Regression statistics was used to analyse the data. The result revealed that peer pressure can predict sexual promiscuity and that while age can moderate the relationship between peer pressure and sexual promiscuity, location does not. The study recommended that adolescents should be properly guided by parents, guardians and significant others on the choice of friends so that the wrong choice of friends will not be exposed to sexual promiscuity.
PRINCIPALS’ INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP SKILLS AND INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SOUTH RIFT REGION, KENYA
Authors: Stephen Barkwang Ngetich , Eric Mwenda , John Ogembo , Peter Kimanthi
Published: November 2024

The study sought to establish the relationship between the Principals’ instructional leadership skills and institutional performance in public secondary schools in the South Rift region, Kenya. The study adopted descriptive cross sectional survey research design and correlational research design. Multistage sampling was used to select 166 Principals, 166 Senior teachers and 4 County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data from sampled respondents. Data was collected from 163 Principals, 164 Senior Teachers and 4 CQASOs, giving the study a return rate of 98.51%. Qualitative data obtained was analyzed thematically while quantitative data was cleaned, coded and analyzed descriptively and inferentially with the aid of the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0 computer software. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the existing relationship between the variables while hypothesis was tested using regression analysis at 0.05 level of significance. The study established that there is a positive and significant relationship between Principals’ instructional leadership skills and institutional performance. It also established that majority of Principals lacked requisite skills in monitoring and evaluation framework and practice. It therefore recommended that institutions such as Kenya Education Management Institute (KEMI) which is charged with the responsibility of capacity building education managers of learning institutions should restructure their training curriculum to ensure a more concerted effort on instructional leadership.
Federated Learning : A Paradigm Shift in Collaborative Machine Learning
Authors:   Department of Master of Computer Application, PES’s Modern College of Engineering,  Maharashtra, Pune, Parekh Nisha Harish , Shinde Mrs. Vrushali ,   Department of Master of Computer Application, PES’s Modern College of Engineering,  Maharashtra, Pune
Published: November 2024

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as an exceptionally promising method within the realm of machine learning, enabling multiple entities to jointly train a global model while maintaining decentralized data. This paper presents a comprehensive review of federated learning methodologies, applications, and challenges. We begin by elucidating the fundamental concepts underlying FL, including federated optimization algorithms, communication protocols, and privacy-preserving techniques. Subsequently, we delve into various domains where FL has found significant traction, examples include healthcare, finance, and the Internet of Things (IoT), showcasing successful deployments and innovative strategies. Furthermore, we discuss the inherent challenges associated with federated learning, such as communication overhead, heterogeneity of data sources, and privacy concerns, and explore state- of-the-art solutions proposed in literature. Finally, we outline future research directions in federated learning, including advancements in privacy-preserving techniques, scalability improvements, and extension of FL to emerging domains. This thorough examination provides a valuable asset for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers keen on grasping the panorama of federated learning and its ramifications for collaborative machine learning in dispersed settings.
A Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, Stability Mechanisms, and Applications of Ethylene Glycol – Water Based Nanofluids Dispersed with Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Vasu B , Sekhar G , Hemanth I , Swami B.Kumar
Published: November 2024

The current study examines the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of ethylene glycol– water solutions comprising oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Nanofluids, the fluid suspensions of nanomaterials, have shown many interesting properties, and the distinctive features offer unprecedented potential for many applications. This paper summarizes the recent progress on the study of nanofluids, such as the preparation methods, the evaluation methods for the stability of nanofluids, and the ways to enhance the stability for nanofluids, the stability mechanisms of nanofluids, and presents the broad range of current and future applications in various fields including energy and mechanical and biomedical fields. At last, the paper identifies the opportunities for future research.
Mobile Application for Computer Engineering Department to Improve Students Skillsets
Authors: Dhobale Kirti , Ekhande Shraddha , Gadhave Pradnya , Roshni Parate Prof.
Published: November 2024

The accelerated progress of technology in instruction has influenced to the need for more adept systems for directing academic tasks. This paper presents a travelling request developed particularly for the Calculating Architecture Department to organize ideas, academic management, and graduate date. The request integrates key features in the way that responsibility administration, quizzes, a repository for outline and books, occurrence restores, faculty news, and a leaderboard for pursuing graduate progress. Notifications had connection with appointments and administrative events further improve the consumer knowledge by keeping pupils and skill cognizant in real-period.Through a itemized survey of existent solutions and consumer response, this paper highlights the use’s potential to address the prevalent challenges confronted by both graduates and ability in directing academic workflows. The study demonstrates that the use concerning this request can considerably improve task compliance rates, quiz partnership, and overall academic engagement. Also, the request’s ease valuable and accessibility manage a adaptable resolution for broader bland use. .Keywords—pupil accomplishment; online shared textbooks; opportunity administration
Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction of Asthma
Authors: Kolte*1, Arnav , Joshi Divija , Choudhary Hitesh , Meshram Juhi , Kukade Prof. Mrs. Ashwini
Published: November 2024

This paper will attempt to detect asthma early based on machine learning. This work utilizes a dataset consisting of 21 features such as family history of asthma, intake of drugs, smoking status, and quality of air and much more. The work tries to develop models with maximum precision, recall, and accuracy in asthma classification. These include several machine learning algorithms evaluated: SVM, Decision Trees, and Random Forest. This study focuses on both medical and environmental data when used in combination. The results here show that the Random Forest model performed well in achieving an overall high performance, with an accuracy of 0.926829. This has dire implications for evaluation and early diagnosis of Asthma. Key Words: Asthma detection, Machine learning, Patient history, Environmental factors, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees, Random Forests, Predictive models, Air quality, Smoking habits, Medication usage, Family asthma history, Ac- curacy, Precision, Recall, Early diagnosis, Healthcare, Medical data, Environmental data, Predictive power
Heart Failure Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Rao Helee , Patel Aayushi , Raulji Bansri , Chaudhary Nandini
Published: November 2024

This study explores the use of XGBoost and Shapley values for heart failure prediction, in addition to processing models such as neural network, CNN, and SVM. By comparing the performance of these different machine learning algorithms, we aim to develop a robust and accurate predictive model for identifying individuals at risk of heart failure. Our findings highlight the strengths and limitations of each approach, providing valuable insights for future research in this area. Ultimately, this research aims to improve the early detection and management of heart failure, leading to better patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare practices. Key Words: heart failure prediction, XGBoost, SHAPley values, neural network, CNN, SVM, machine learning algorithms, early detection, death events.
Ibu Hamil Trimester I
Authors: Lamdayani Rinda
Published: November 2024

Mual dan muntah (emesis gravidarum) merupakan kondisi yang umum terjadi selama masa kehamilan yang disebabkan karena terjadinya perubahan hormon pada ibu hamil, untuk mengatasi mual dan muntah tersebut ibu dapat diberikan minuman sereh yang bermanfaat untuk meredakan timbulnya rasa mual bagi ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian minuman lemongrass terhadap mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama di Puskesmas Pengaringan Baturaja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest-postest with control group. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara intervensi dan observasi. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji statistic paired T test. Hasil penelitian sebelum diberikan perlakuan diketahui dari 7 responden, sebanyak 6 reponden (85,7%) memiliki mual dan muntah sedang sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebelum pemberian minuman lemon didapat semua responden 7 (100%) memiliki mual dan muntah sedang. Pada kelompok Perlakuan setelah pemberian minuman lemongrass didapat sebanyak 3 reponden (42,9%) memiliki mual dan muntah ringan, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol didapat sebanyak 2 responden (28,6%) memiliki mual dan muntah ringan. Hasil uji statistic paired t test diperoleh nilai P value 0,002, P value < 0,05. Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh pemberian minuman lemongrass terhadap mual dan muntah ibu hamil trimester I.
PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (KENTANG) DENGAN KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN BAYI 6 – 12 BULAN
Authors: Septiania Eichi
Published: November 2024

Bayi usia 0-11 bulan merupakan periode emas sekaligus periode kritis karena pada masa ini terjadi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang pesat yang mencapai pusatnya pada usia 24 bulan. Apabila janin dalam kandungan mendapatkan gizi yang cukup, maka ketika lahir berat dan Panjang badannya akan normal dan untuk mempertahankan hal tersebut, maka cara yang efektif adalah dengan pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu sejak usia 6 bulan dan dilanjutkan dengan asi eskslusif sampai usia 2 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan crosssectional dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Tehnik sampling yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling sehingga didapatkan 33 responden. Hasil uji statistik Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu tentang mpasi dan kenaikan berat badan pada bayi p value 0,02 . Dikatakan ada hubungan jika nilai p value ≤0,05.
LABORATORY IN THE PALM OF YOUR HAND": CREATING A MOBILE APPLICATION FOR EASY ACCESS TO EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, NURULLINA E.N. , BRODNEVA A.V. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: November 2024

This paper presents the results of research and development of a mobile application called "Laboratory in the palm of your hand" in the format of a library; discusses the relevance and importance of mobile applications in the modern world, especially in the educational process; describes the growing popularity of smartphones, their functionality and potential in learning; discusses the advantages of mobile learning and examples of its application in technical universities. The specifics of approaches to the development of mobile applications are touched upon. Various Android development tools are discussed, including Android Studio. Android Studio is a widely used development platform focused on creating mobile applications for Android. It offers a complete solution for application design, debugging and testing. Currently, Android Studio is recognized as one of the most effective tools for creating mobile applications.The preferred choice for developing applications for Android is the Kotlin programming language. The history of its appearance is briefly described. The main capabilities and characteristic features are described. It offers a more modern and intuitive approach to programming, making it an attractive choice for developers. Particular attention is paid to the concept and process of creating the application interface; its functionality, advantages and practical benefits for use by students for educational purposes are described. It is indicated that the presented approach to developing the application will provide students with easy access to the necessary information about the biotechnological equipment of the laboratory and will help them study and apply knowledge in real conditions.
APPLICATION OF PARALLEL PROGRAMMING METHODS IN SIMINTECH
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, TSVENGER I.G.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses an alternative approach to creating projects that require a large amount of calculations in the SimInTech environment. At the same time, it is proposed to use parallel programming methods and a master/slave model of interaction between projects, as they are more suitable for the tasks of studying and optimizing the parameters of complex systems. In general, parallel programming is becoming increasingly relevant in design systems due to the increase in computer power, the development of parallel computing technologies, the increasing complexity of design systems and the development of cloud computing. This approach can significantly speed up the modeling process and increase its accuracy, which makes it increasingly relevant in design systems. The article analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of the recommended method of parallel computing using a signal database and batch processing of projects in SinInTech. Based on this analysis, an alternative method for organizing parallel computing using an embedded programming language is proposed. A program code is given that implements a multi-threaded method of launching slave projects with control from the master project. An analysis of the performance improvement when using this approach was carried out to study the effect of PI speed controller settings on the control error in a two-loop slave control system with a DC motor. Recommendations are given for the implementation of combined methods that include both batch processing and a master/slave model of project interaction. These methods will allow you to implement multi-threaded calculations of projects with distributed computing on computers united in a single network. In conclusion, it is noted that parallel programming is currently becoming an integral part in the creation and selection of modern design tools and this approach is fully implemented in the SimInTech environment.
PREPARATION AND INVESTIGATION OF PROPERTIES OF SOLID DISPERSIONS OF BENZOIC ACID WITH POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE K-12
Authors:   Belgorod State University, TIMOFEEVA V.V. , LEBEDEVA O.E. ,   Belgorod State University
Published: November 2024

As a result of widespread use of antibiotics, a large number of microbial strains have acquired resistance to drugs of this group. Benzoic acid is widely used in many industries: in the food industry as a preservative, in medicine and veterinary medicine as an antiseptic agent. Despite the effectiveness of benzoic acid as an antibacterial component, its use is limited by its low solubility in water. Currently, an actual direction in chemical technology is the direction of modifying the properties of biologically active substances by obtaining their multicomponent compositions with improved properties. One of the technological methods to increase solubility of poorly soluble biologically active substances is obtaining solid dispersions of these substances. There are no data on the introduction of benzoic acid into the composition of solid dispersions. This served as a prerequisite for the development of solid dispersions of benzoic acid with subsequent study of their properties. The aim of this work was to obtain and study the properties of solid dispersions of benzoic acid with polyvinylpyrrolidone K 12. The solubility of benzoic acid from solid dispersions based on polyvinylpyrrolidone K 12 was studied. The application of this technological technique increased the solubility of benzoic acid by 3.5 times. The studies carried out by means of X-ray phase analysis, IR spectroscopy and determination of particle sizes by dynamic light scattering method allow us to assume that an increase in the solubility of benzoic acid from its solid dispersions is caused by obtaining a system with its highly dispersed crystalline phase in polyvinylpyrrolidone K 12, solubilising effect of the latter and formation of colloidal solution of benzoic acid when its solid dispersion is dissolved.
EVALUATION OF CRITERIA FOR APPLICATION OF POLYMER FLOODING IN COMPLICATED RESERVOIRS. REVIEW
Authors:   Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin, GAZALEEVA L.R. , DAVLETSHINA L.F. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin
Published: November 2024

Selection of the enhanced oil recovery method is based on applicability criteria, which are referred to in foreign literature as screening. To select the technology, the geological and physical parameters of the field are compared with the existing limits of applicability of the technology. Polymer flooding is a physical and chemical method of enhanced oil recovery, which has been used on an industrial scale for more than 60 years. The paper compares the applicability criteria of classical polymer flooding, adopted in the literature from 1985 to 1997, with modern projects carried out in the world. The main criteria, in terms of stability of polymer solution in reservoir conditions, key criteria determining the possibility of injecting the solution and additional criteria are highlighted. The main emphasis is made on the expediency of polymer flooding in high-temperature reservoirs containing low-viscosity oil or water of high mineralisation. Realised projects of enhanced oil recovery using polymers over the last 10 years are presented. Due to the appearance of modified representatives of high molecular weight compounds a large number of polymer flooding projects have been carried out in a wide range of conditions, which are presented in this paper: at reservoir temperature up to 140˚C, oil viscosity from 0.07 to 10000 mPa*s, as well as with highly mineralised formation water up to 250 g/l. Considering the implemented projects, it was revealed that the impact on increasing waterflood coverage is achieved not only by equalising the mobility of oil and displacing agent, but also by redistributing filtration flows of injected fluid from highly permeable and, consequently, already flushed zones to less permeable zones containing a large amount of residual reserves.
INFLUENCE OF PHASE COMPOSITION AND HEAT TREATMENT CONDITIONS OF IRON-OXIDE CATALYST ON ITS CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN THE PROCESS OF METHYLBUTENE DEHYDROGENATION
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, BOCHKOV M.A. , ULITIN N.V. , TERESHCHENKO K.A. , ANDREEV A.P. , SHIYAN D.A. , KAZANSKAYA M.G. , PUCHKOVA T.L. , TUNTSEVA S.N. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, BOCHKOVA O.D. ,   Kazan Federal University, KHARLAMPIDI KH.E. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: November 2024

The present work is devoted to assessing the effect of heat treatment of iron oxide catalysts promoted by potassium and cerium on their activity, which is expressed quantitatively in the form of methylbutenes conversion, and selectivity in the process of methylbutenes dehydrogenation to isoprene, and interpreting the results obtained using kinetic modeling. Iron oxide catalysts were prepared by heat treatment of iron (II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2. The concentrations of the components of the reaction mixture, the conversion of methylbutenes and selectivity were experimentally determined during methylbutenes dehydrogenation in the presence of heat-treated iron oxide catalysts. It has been shown that an increase of α-Fe2O3 hematite phase in the iron oxide catalyst helps to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide and cracking products in the products of the methylbutenes dehydrogenation, which contributes to increased selectivity. The increase of α-Fe2O3 hematite phase is observed with increasing heat treatment temperature from 298 K to 873 K. In all iron oxide catalysts promoted by potassium and cerium, after the methylbutenes dehydrogenation, the main phase is magnetite Fe3O4 (62.17% by wt.) and a more reduced form of iron oxide wustite FeO (13.81% by wt.) was identified. It can be assumed that the reduction of iron oxides in the iron oxide catalyst during the methylbutenes dehydrogenation is associated with the activity of the catalyst. The higher the activity of the iron oxide catalyst, the higher the concentration of hydrogen in the reaction mixture, which leads to a deeper reduction of iron oxide. As a result of kinetic modeling, it was demonstrated that the kinetic scheme, consisting of the reactions of methylbutene isomers dehydrogenation, isomerization of methylbutenes, cracking of methylbutene isomers and isoprene, interaction of coke with water, is complete enough to adequately describe the experimental data of the methylbutenes dehydrogenation.
PRODUCTION OF PILOT BATCHES OF CRYOLITE USING SODIUM CHLORIDE AND HYDROXIDE AND THEIR TESTING IN ALUMINIUM PRODUCTION
Authors:   JSC «Tajik Aluminium Company», RAJABZODA N.KH. , NAIMOV N.A. , MURODIYON A. , MIRPOCHAYEV KH.A. ,   State Institution «Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy» JSC «Tajik Aluminium Company», SHOKARIMOV S.M. ,   Tajik National University, USMONOV KH.KH. ,   State Institution «Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy» JSC «Tajik Aluminium Company»
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of pilot batch production of cryolite using sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide by hydrochemical method, physical and chemical studies of the obtained products, as well as their testing in aluminium electrolysers with measurements of technological parameters before and after use. The conducted studies have shown that the process of production of a pilot batch of cryolite by hydrochemical method from hydrofluoric acid using aluminium hydroxide, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide solutions proceeds at a temperature of 25 °C for 30-45 min. In this case, the yield of cryolite according to the first embodiment using sodium chloride is more than 80 %, since during the reaction a side hydrochloric acid is formed, which dissolves more than 15 % of the cryolite. When sodium hydroxide is used, the process proceeds similarly to the first variant with an increase in cryolite yield of more than 90%. According to pilot tests, the first variant produced 600 kg of cryolite and the second variant produced 620 kg of cryolite. The reliability of the process of cryolite production with the use of sodium chloride and hydroxide was confirmed by chemical and X-ray phase analyses using the modernised Dron-2 unit. It was found that the analysed samples correspond to the reference cryolite, indicating the interaction of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide with fluoroaluminium acid. Also the obtained synthetic products have successfully passed pilot tests in aluminium electrolysers of JSC "TALCO" with control of technological parameters. On the basis of conducted researches the basic technological scheme of cryolite production by hydrochemical method with application of hydrofluoric acid, aluminium hydroxide, sodium chloride and hydroxide was developed. As a result of the research it was found out that the technology of cryolite production with the use of sodium chloride and hydroxide is easy to implement and cost-effective due to low energy consumption of production and the use of local mineral raw materials.
SEPARATION DEVICE WITH ARC-SHAPED ELEMENTS FOR CAPTURING CATALYST PARTICLES IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, ZINUROV V.E. , SALAKHOVA E.I. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, DMITRIEV A.V. , ZIANGIROV A.F. , MUGINOV A.M. ,   Kazan State Energy University
Published: November 2024

The reactor with a fluidized bed of catalyst is used in many industries. Most often in oil refining, coal gasification, petrochemistry, etc. It is known that in order to prevent the entrainment of the catalyst, the reactors are equipped with devices of particle capture systems - cyclones. However, there are significant disadvantages - the removal of the catalyst. The paper proposes to reduce catalyst losses in a fluidized bed reactor by replacing cyclones with separation devices with arc-shaped elements. The article presents the design of the proposed separator. The principle of its operation is described. It is shown that under the action of inertial and centrifugal forces, particles are knocked out of the gas-dust flow towards the arc-shaped elements. In the course of numerical studies conducted in the Ansys Fluent software package, it was found that at relatively low speeds up to 1 m/s, a high separator efficiency of more than 69.2% is achieved. At a gas-dust flow velocity of more than 1 m/s, two critical particle sizes were identified, which correspond to maximum and minimum efficiency. At a gas-dust flow velocity of 2 m/s, the value of acr.1 = 52.4 microns (E = 99.9%), acr.2 = 138 microns (E = 63.7%). At a gas-dust flow velocity of 3 m/s, the value of acr.1 = 52.4 microns (E = 99.9 %), acr.2 = 138 microns (E = 25.7%). As the particle size increases to acr.1, the efficiency increases, since the particles can be better knocked out of the structured flow. With a particle size between acr.1 and acr.2 the particles bounce off the arc-shaped elements back into the current and are carried away. When the particle size is more than acr.2, they randomly bounce off different arc-shaped elements and fall into the hopper due to gravity. The pressure loss in the separator is less than 58 Pa at a gas-dust flow rate of less than 1 m/s. The use of separators with arc-shaped elements in fluidized bed reactors to capture catalyst particles as an alternative to cyclone separators is an appropriate measure that significantly reduces its losses.
THERMOTROPIC AND MESOMORPHIC PROPERTIES OF COPOLYETHER BASED ON POLYETHYLENTEREPHTHALAT AND 4-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, KARBUSHEVA D.V. , KACHEMASOVA D.V. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, GRISHIN S.V. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev, KARIMOVA L.K. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, DEBERDEEV T.R. ,   LLC “Innovation and Technology Center “AVTOTOR”, AKHMETSHINA A.I. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: November 2024

Polyethylene terephthalate is an affordable, harmless and easily processed multi-tonnage polymer, but its usage as a structural material is limited by temperature and strength properties. It was predicted by calculation that the introduction of monomers such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid makes it possible to impart asymmetry to macromolecules, leading to an increase in the Kuhn segment and the manifestation of mesomorphic properties due to a more rigid and regular structure of the polyester, which should also lead to an increase in its thermal stability. The high degree of order of liquid crystalline polymers gives them the ability to self-reinforce, which makes it possible to obtain ultra-strong fibers. This determines the relevance of the development of this type of materials with the possibility of their use in the rapidly developing additive methods of manufacturing products by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDP) technology. As part of the work, copolyesters based on polyethylene terephthalate and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with different molar ratios of the initial reagents were obtained and studied. A catalyst based on titanium compounds was also used for the synthesis, which also improves the thermal stability properties. Thermal stability of the resulting compounds was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, which showed an increase in the temperature of the onset of destruction and a 10% weight loss of the samples relative to the unmodified polyethylene terephthalate sample. Also, based on experimental data, we calculated the activation energies of thermal destruction for the samples we obtained. The study of phase transitions showed the presence of two endothermic melting peaks, the interval between which corresponds to the liquid crystalline state, which is confirmed by the formation of optically active spherulite structures visible in a polarizing microscope.
Examining Open-Top Culverts Impact on Forest Road Surface Deteriorations via UAVs
Authors: Türk Yilmaz , Aydin Abdurrahim , Eker Remzi
Published: November 2024

The life and robustness of forest roads depend on their protection from the harmful effects of water coming into the road surface. In particular, the deterioration of the road surface affects the safe navigation of vehicles and traffic safety. This situation requires that the surface be stable on forest roads. The aim of the study is to examine whether surface deterioration (erosion and accumulation) on forest roads due to the drainage problem of water falling on the road surface can be minimized by open-top culverts and to determine their effectiveness. These are used in three separate trial blocks every 25 m (A parcels; total of 3 parcels), every 50 m (B parcels; total of 3 parcels) and control block (C). Volumetric erosion and accumulation in these blocks was compared by UAV for about 3 years and the effectiveness of the open-top culverts was examined by this method. A 500 m section of the forest road coded 001 of the Kardüz Forest Operations Directorate (Düzce/Türkiye) was examined in the study. As a result, erosion and accumulation in all blocks have been found to have a dynamic course. It was determined that this mobility was greater in the control block than in the blocks with open-top culverts installed at intervals of 25 m and 50 m. The mean Z values for the blocks showed that the deterioration in the control block (C) was higher than in the blocks with 25 m and 50 m open culverts. The volumetric deterioration rate was 5 times higher in the control block than in the block installed at 25 m interval (A plots) and 2 times higher than in the block installed at 50 m interval (B plots). Similarly, the areal deterioration rate was 3.3 times higher in the control block than in the block installed at 25 m interval (A plots) and 1.4 times higher than in the block installed at 50 m interval (B plots). These results showed the effectiveness of open-top culverts and it was also determined that the open-top culverts installed at 25 m intervals were more effective than the open-top culverts established at 50 m intervals. In addition, according to the statistical analysis, a statistically significant difference was found between the erosion volume in the blocks. Open-top culverts should be used against forest road surface deterioration and UAV technology should be used for deterioration detection.
Factors Influencing Private Forest Owners Decision-Making Rationalities to Implement Salvage Logging after Large-Scale Natural Disturbances in Slovenia
Authors: Stare Darja , Ščap Špela , Pezdevšek Malovrh Špela
Published: November 2024

This study examines the factors that influence the decision-making rationality of private forest owners (PFOs) when implementing salvage logging after large-scale natural disturbances. The literature suggests two main responses to large large-scale natural disturbances: performing salvage logging and no salvage at all. When salvage logging is carried out, two different strategies can be applied: clearing, i.e. all trees are removed, including damaged trees and standing survivors; and salvaging, i.e. damaged trees are removed but the surviving trees are left and some dead trees are left standing. In an online survey conducted in Slovenia in March and April 2022, responses were collected from 1515 forest-owning households. A logistic regression model was created to analyse the data and understand how socio-demographic characteristics, characteristics of forest property, forest management activities and the market influence their decisions. The results show that previous management activities and cooperation with service providers significantly influence PFOs' decision-making rationality to implement salvage logging. The study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the complex decision-making processes in forestry. Future research opportunities lie in investigating specific aspects of past management activities and understanding the dynamics in cooperation between different actors to develop customised policies for effective forest management after large-scale natural disturbances.
Comparative Study on Ground and Roof-Mounted Solar PV Systems
Authors: Samaila B. , Garba J. M
Published: November 2024

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are integral to sustainable energy solutions. The choice between ground-mounted and roof-mounted systems significantly impacts efficiency, cost, and installation feasibility. This study provides a comparative analysis of these two solar PV installation types to inform stakeholders and guide decision-making. This study aims to guide stakeholders, including policymakers, investors, and energy planners, in making informed decisions regarding solar PV system installations. By highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, this review contributes to the broader understanding of solar PV deployment strategies and their implications for sustainable energy development. A systematic literature review was conducted to gather data from various sources including academic journals, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, SpringerLink, Academia, and research gate. Key criteria for comparison included energy production efficiency, initial and ongoing costs, installation complexity, and long-term maintenance. The review revealed that ground-mounted systems generally offer higher energy production due to optimal tilt and orientation adjustments, and often result in lower maintenance costs due to easier access. Conversely, roof-mounted systems are usually less costly to install as they utilize existing infrastructure and may benefit from lower regulatory hurdles. However, they are constrained by roof space and orientation limitations and may face higher maintenance costs due to accessibility issues. Ground-mounted solar PV systems typically provide greater efficiency and easier maintenance but at higher installation costs. Roof-mounted systems are more cost-effective in terms of installation but may present limitations in energy production and maintenance. The choice between these systems should be guided by specific site conditions, budget constraints, and long-term energy goals.