bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSL5 activates multiple signalling pathways and regulates GLP-1 secretion in NCI-H716 cells
Authors: Ang Sheng Y , Evans Bronwyn A , Poole Daniel P , Bron Romke , DiCello Jesse J , Bathgate Ross A D , Kocan Martina , Hutchinson Dana S , Summers Roger J
Published: March 2018

Insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5) is a newly discovered gut hormone expressed in colonic enteroendocrine L-cells but little is known about its biological function. Here, we show using RT-qPCR and in situ hybridisation that Insl5 mRNA is highly expressed in the mouse colonic mucosa, colocalised with proglucagon immunoreactivity. In comparison, mRNA for RXFP4 (the cognate receptor for INSL5) is expressed in various mouse tissues, including the intestinal tract. We show that the human enteroendocrine L-cell model NCI-H716 cell line, and goblet-like colorectal cell lines SW1463 and LS513 endogenously express RXFP4. Stimulation of NCI-H716 cells with INSL5 produced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), AKT (Thr308 and Ser473) and S6RP (Ser235/236) and inhibited cAMP production but did not stimulate Ca2+ release. Acute INSL5 treatment had no effect on GLP-1 secretion mediated by carbachol or insulin, but modestly inhibited forskolin-stimulated GLP-1 secretion in NCI-H716 cells. However, chronic INSL5 pre-treatment (18 h) increased basal GLP-1 secretion and prevented the inhibitory effect of acute INSL5 administration. LS513 cells were found to be unresponsive to INSL5 despite expressing RXFP4. Another enteroendocrine L-cell model, mouse GLUTag cells did not express detectable levels of Rxfp4 and were unresponsive to INSL5. This study provides novel insights into possible autocrine/paracrine roles of INSL5 in the intestinal tract.
Identification by proteomics of oviductal sperm-interacting proteins
Authors: Lamy Julie , Nogues Perrine , Combes-Soia Lucie , Tsikis Guillaume , Labas Valérie , Mermillod Pascal , Druart Xavier , Saint-Dizier Marie
Published: March 2018

The interactions between oviductal fluid (OF) proteins and spermatozoa play major roles in sperm selection, storage and capacitation before fertilization. However, only a few sperm-interacting proteins in the OF has been identified and very little is known about the regulation of sperm-oviduct interactions across the estrous cycle. Samples of bovine frozen-thawed sperm from three bulls were incubated with OF at pre-, post-ovulatory stages (Pre-/Post-ov) or luteal phase (LP) of the estrous cycle (7 mg/mL proteins, treated groups) or with a protein-free media (control). The proteomes of sperm cells were assessed by nanoLC–MS/MS and quantified by label-free methods. A total of 27 sperm-interacting proteins originating in the OF were identified. Among those, 14 were detected at all stages, eight at Post-ov and LP and five only at LP. The sperm-interacting proteins detected at all stages or at LP and Post-ov were on average more abundant at LP than at other stages (P < 0.05). At Pre-ov, OVGP1 was the most abundant sperm-interacting protein while at Post-ov, ACTB, HSP27, MYH9, MYH14 and OVGP1 were predominant. Different patterns of abundance of sperm-interacting proteins related to the stage were evidenced, which greatly differed from those previously reported in the bovine OF. In conclusion, this study highlights the important regulations of sperm-oviduct interactions across the estrous cycle and provides new protein candidates that may modulate sperm functions.
Rendimiento Productivo e Integridad Ósea de Pollos de Carne en Respuesta a Suplementación Dietaria con Cuatro Fuentes de Fitasa Comercial
Authors: Aguilar V. José , Zea M. Otto , Vílchez P. Carlos
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del presente ensayo fue determinar el efecto de cuatro fuentes de fitasas comerciales sobre el rendimiento productivo y la integridad ósea de pollos de carne de 1 a 28 días de edad. Se utilizaron 300 pollos BB machos de la Línea Cobb 500 distribuidos al azar en 30 corrales en piso (10 aves por corral), alimentados durante 28 días con uno de los siguientes tratamientos: T1, Dieta normal en fósforo (DNP); T2, Dieta deficiente en fósforo (DDP); T3, DDP + Fitasa A (100 g/t); T4, DDP + Fitasa B (100 g/t); T5, DDP + Fitasa C (50 g/t) y T6, DDP + Fitasa D (50 g/t). El suministro de alimento y agua fue ad libitum. El peso vivo, ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento, conversión alimentaria y mortalidad se registraron semanalmente. A los 28 días de edad, 20 aves por tratamiento fueron sacrificados para determinar el rendimiento de carcasa, rendimiento de piernas, peso de tibias y, posteriormente, contenidos de humedad y ceniza en tibias. Los resultados mostraron que el comportamiento productivo de los pollos de carne alimentados con niveles normales de fósforo (T1) fueron significativamente superiores (p<0.05) al resto de tratamientos; asimismo, los tratamientos T3 y T5 y los tratamientos T4 y T6 presentaron respuestas similares, mientras que T2 (nivel deficiente de fósforo), mostró rendimientos menores. Las tibias de las aves de los tratamientos, con excepción del T2 (p<0.05), mostraron niveles adecuados de cenizas. Se concluye que las respuestas productivas de las aves que recibieron la dieta deficiente en fósforo con la adición de fitasas fueron menores que el nivel de respuesta de las aves alimentadas con la dieta normal en fósforo.
Efecto del ácido retinoico sobre la expresión del receptor CCR9 y la integrina Alfa 4 Beta 7 en leucocitos sanguíneos de alpacas (Vicugna pacos)
Authors: Hermoza C. Eduardo , Manchego S. Alberto , Castro S Gina , Pezo C. Danilo , Sandoval C. Nieves
Published: March 2018

Las células T efectoras (CD4+ y CD8+) y de memoria pueden migrar a la mayoría de los tejidos extra-linfoides en el cuerpo, pero requieren la expresión de receptores de alojamiento (homing) específicos en las células T, la integrina A4B7 y el receptor de quimiocina CCR9. Los linfocitos circulantes CD4+ o CD8+ carecen de receptores CCR9 y A4B7; sin embargo, expresan este tipo de receptores al alcanzar la mucosa intestinal. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del ácido retinoico sobre la expresión de los receptores CCR9 y la integrina A4B7análisis in vitro de muestra de sangre circulante de alpaca. Los leucocitos obtenidos se colocaron en placas de cultivo celular en medio esencial mínimo (MEM) suplementados e inoculados con ácido retinoico a concentraciones de 10, 50 y 100 ug/ml disuelto en DMSO. Se empleó un control a base de suero fisiológico. Las placas de cultivo celular fueron incubadas por 12, 24 y 48 h a 37 ºC con CO2 al 5%. Se realizó las PCR en Tiempo Real de los ARNm del receptor CCR9 y la integrina A4B7 y la cuantificación relativa con el método 2-ÄÄCt. Las máximas expresiones para CCR9 se dieron a las 48 h para las concentraciones de 10 y 100 ug/ml de ácido retinoico y DMSO, y a las 24 h para la concentración de 50 ug/ml. El control presentó expresiones mucho más elevadas en comparación con las dosis de ácido retinoico y DMSO. No hubo expresión para la integrina A4B7.
Requerimientos para la medición de indicadores de estrés invasivos y no invasivos en producción animal
Authors: Sanmiguel Plazas Rosa Angélica , Plazas Hernández Fernely Augusto , Trujillo Piso Dunia Yisela , Pérez Rubio María del Rocío , Peñuela Sierra Lina María , DiGiacinto Alice
Published: March 2018

En esta revisión se presentan los principales requerimientos para medir de manera multimodal, indicadores del bienestar en animales de producción, desde los parámetros productivos hasta los fisiológicos, categorizados como indicadores no invasivos e indicadores invasivos. Se pretende generar una compilación de ideas para que el investigador de acuerdo con las limitaciones, condiciones y alcances de sus recursos evalúe bienestar animal con fines académicos, de investigación y de optimización de la producción y del mercadeo de los productos finales en un sistema de producción pecuario
Análisis de la relación rentabilidad-riesgo en el mercado accionario internacional para un mundo parcialmente integrado
Authors: Botero Guzman Daniel , Díaz Contreras Jhon Alexis
Published: March 2018

El estudio de la relación rentabilidad-riesgo a nivel internacional exige fuertes supuestos. Uno de ellos es la perfecta integración. Sin embargo, el proceso de integración de cada país es único, y existen factores que terminan afectando el grado de integración/segmentación con respecto al mercado mundial. Los modelos de valoración de activos deberían incluir variables que muestren cierto grado de segmentación dado que el mundo se encuentra parcialmente integrado. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer un modelo que se ajuste de manera considerable a la relación rentabilidad-riesgo de los países. Para estimar este modelo se utiliza un análisis de regresión con datos panel. Se encuentra que existe un importante grado de segmentación ya que el riesgo por tipo de cambio, el tamaño de mercado y la inestabilidad económica son altamente significativos; y junto con el riesgo sistemático explican más del 40% de la variación de la rentabilidad del mercado accionario.
Crecimiento económico y política fiscal: una revisión crítica de la literatura
Authors: Chamorro Narváez Raúl
Published: March 2018

En este documento se discuten diferentes aspectos sobre la relación entre crecimiento económico y política fiscal. Desde un punto de vista teórico, se parte del modelo propuesto por Barro (1990). Luego se introducen algunos modelos desarrollados posteriormente, los cuales están en línea con los principales resultados de Barro. Por otra parte, existen muchos estudios empíricos que dan soporte al marco de los modelos de crecimiento endógeno, por cuanto aportan evidencia de que el gasto público afecta la tasa de crecimiento económico de largo plazo. Una corriente de la literatura sobre este tema resalta que los trabajos empíricos deben desagregar el gasto público. Además, es necesario incluir explícitamente la restricción presupuestaria del gobierno, dado que sus decisiones sobre gastos e ingresos no son independientes. Finalmente, cuando se consideran varios países, la técnica de datos panel parece ser mejor que otras a fin de evaluar los efectos de la política fiscal en el crecimiento. Con respecto a la literatura empírica, son muchos los estudios que dan soporte al marco de los modelos de crecimiento endógeno, por cuanto se ha encontrado que el gasto público afecta la tasa de crecimiento económico de largo plazo. Sin embargo, es posible afirmar que los resultados distan mucho de ser concluyentes y que éstos dependen de varios aspectos, como los métodos o técnicas aplicadas, supuestos utilizados, país o conjunto de países analizados, etc.Una corriente de la literatura sobre la relación entre gasto público y crecimiento económico resalta que los trabajos empíricos deben desagregar la inversión pública, si es posible. También es importante reconocer que se debe incluir explícitamente la restricción presupuestaria del gobierno en el modelo, dado que sus decisiones sobre gasto e ingresos no son independientes. Por último, cuando se consideran varios países, la técnica de datos de panel parece ser mejor que otras a fin de evaluar los efectos de la política fiscal en el crecimiento.
El papel de los trabajadores en las actuaciones de responsabilidad social empresarial. El caso español
Authors: Sánchez Jiménez Vicente , Puente Regidor Mónica
Published: March 2018

Las acciones empresariales englobadas en el concepto de responsabilidad social se han acentuado en los últimos años con un relevante desarrollo normativo. Sin embargo, frente a este impulso de carácter normativo-institucional se constata el inadecuado avance de las actuaciones concretas en la materia. Ante esta situación es necesario analizar y reflexionar sobre las medidas promovidas desde el ámbito legal para el fomento de la responsabilidad social por parte de las empresas, desvelando los entramados legales en los que se asientan las prácticas empresariales. Igualmente, poner de manifiesto cómo se origina desde la propia norma el papel secundario que se da a los empleados y sus representantes en el propio diseño y puesta en práctica de la misma. Esta cuestión se estudia desde un doble posicionamiento, por una parte, el análisis del entramado normativo y, por otra, la situación actual en la realidad empresarial española.
Los regímenes cambiarios en América Latina
Authors: Nudelsman Susana
Published: March 2018

Aunque el fin de los acuerdos de Bretton Woods inauguró la era de los tipos de cambio flotantes, el mundo muestra en la actualidad una diversidad de arreglos cambiarios. Las alternativas cambiariasextremas no son una panacea. Los regímenes de flotación administrada son una herramienta sensata de política económica. El tipo de cambio fue una pieza crucial en los programas heterodoxos de estabilización y de fijación total implementados en América Latina en las décadas de los ochenta y los noventa. A partir de los años 2000, la región se ha movido hacia una mayor flexibilidad cambiaria. Estas economías experimentaron los dilemas derivados del miedo a flotar y posteriormente del miedo a apreciar. La flotación con metas de inflación está en boga, pero los países también acuden a la intervención cambiaria. La apreciación de las monedas locales y la falta de flexibilidad cambiaria han sido factores adversos para estas economías.
F. Hayek y R. Coase. Formas de coordinación económica y el conocimiento disperso: la firma y el mercado
Authors: Salazar Silva Fernando , Cuaspud Alba Liliana
Published: March 2018

El artículo que se presenta a continuación hace referencia a los mecanismos de coordinación desarrollados por F. Hayek y R. Coase. La postura de Hayek acerca de que los precios transmiten información y su implicancia en la asignación eficiente de los recursos en una economía de mercado y la visión de Coase en relación a la reducción de los costos de transacción y de la incertidumbre en una firma, son sólo posibles en existencia de conocimiento disperso. Asumir el conocimiento disperso en ambos escenarios teóricos es una muestra que la firma no está por fuera del mercado y que el mercado en general no es ineficiente.
Development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatographic method for quantification of Irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 in colon tumor bearing NOD/SCID mice plasma samples: application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Taneja Neetika , Gota Vikram , Gurjar Murari , Singh Kamalinder K.
Published: March 2018

Irinotecan (IRT) is an antineoplastic agent widely used in the treatment of various cancers primarily in colorectal cancer. A new, simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with fluorescence detector was developed and validated to quantify IRT and its active metabolite SN38 in the plasma of non-obese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient mice (NOD/SCID) mice bearing colon tumor. The plasma samples were extracted by precipitation method using acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid. The chromatographic separation was achieved using mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile (57:43 v/v) pH 3 at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min in C18 column (internal diameter, 250 × 4.6 mm; pore size, 5 μm). The method was validated according to the bioanalytical guidelines defined by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicine Agency (EMA). A regression (R2) value of 0.999 and 0.997 for IRT and SN38 suggested the good linearity in the range of 0.1–10 μg/mL and 5–500 ng/mL, respectively. The calculated lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for IRT were 0.1 and 0.065 μg/mL, respectively. However, for SN38, LLOQ and LOD were 5 and 2 ng/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day variations (coefficient of variance; % CV) observed during the validation were found to be within the set limit of 15%. Both accuracy and percentage recovery analyzed and calculated from the quality control samples were in the between the defined range of 85–115%. Plasma samples were found to be stable when stored at room temperature for 2 h, after 2 freeze–thaw cycles and at −80 °C for 2 months. The developed method was successfully applied to study the plasma elimination profile of IRT in NOD/SCID mice with tumor. The results from plasma concentration time profile and pharmacokinetic parameter analyzed suggested the rapid elimination of IRT and SN38 from the plasma of NOD/SCID mice.
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction process and method validation for deoxypodophyllotoxin from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris: Application of response surface methodology and UPLC–PDA–QDa
Authors: Kim Hyo Seon , Lee A Yeong , Moon Byeong Cheol , Kim Wook Jin , Choi Goya
Published: March 2018

Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT), or anthricin, is a lignan isolated from the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris and is reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-asthmatic effects. Herein, the conditions for the extraction of DPT from A. sylvestris are optimized using a Box–Behnken design (BBD) method based on response surface methodology (RSM). DPT was detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and quadrupole detector (UPLC–PDA–QDa) and analytical validation methods based on International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In preliminary experiments, the experimental conditions of extraction time, solvent percentage, and temperature were selected for optimization. The adequacy of the experimental model was statistically evaluated, and the regression coefficient (R2), adjusted regression coefficient (R2adjust), and p-value of the lack-of-fit were determined as 97.86%, 94.02%, and 0.124, respectively. The maximum yield of DPT was estimated to be 2.341 mg/g for 30 min in 100% methanol at 60 °C, and the actual yield was measured as 2.295 mg/g (±0.023) under the same conditions.
Pharmacokinetics of panasenoside in rats and tissue distribution in mice by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Ruijie , Lu Mengrou , Tu Xiaoting , Sun Wei , Ye Weijian , Ma Jianshe , Wen Congcong , Wang Xianqin , Geng Peiwu
Published: March 2018

We developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for quantification of panasenoside pharmacokinetics in rat plasma and tissue distribution in mouse. Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for pharmacokinetics after intravenous (2 or 10 mg/kg) administration of panasenoside, six rats for each dose. Thirty mice were randomly divided into six groups (five mice for each group, one group for each time point) and received 20 mg/kg of panasenoside by intraperitoneal administration. Calibration plots were in the range of 2–2000 ng/mL for panasenoside in rat plasma and 2–3000 ng/mL in mouse tissues. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of inter-day and intra-day precision was less than 14%. The accuracy was between 89.6% and 110.0%. The AUC(0–t) was 160.8 ± 13.0 and 404.9 ± 78.0 ng/mL*h, and t1/2 of 3.2 ± 1.2 and 4.6 ± 1.7 h, CL (clearance) of 10.0 ± 2.0, and 21.4 ± 2.0 L/h/kg after intravenous administration 2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of panasenoside, respectively. The tissue distribution results indicated that the panasenoside diffuses rapidly and widely into major organs. The level of panasenoside was highest in mouse liver, followed by kidney, lung, and spleen. The overwhelming accumulation in liver indicated that liver was responsible for the extensive metabolism.
HIDRODINAMIKA DAN KUALITAS PERAIRAN UNTUK KESESUAIAN PEMBANGUNAN KERAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) OFFSHORE DI PERAIRAN KENEUKAI, NANGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM
Authors: Ondara Koko , Rahmawan Guntur Adhi , Wisha Ulung Jantama , Hasanah Ridwan Nia Naelul
Published: March 2018

Perairan Keneukai merupakan salah satu penghasil sumber daya perikanan di Pulau Weh, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Jumlah spesies ikan di perairan tersebut mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2008 hingga 2010. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Loka Riset Sumber Daya dan Kerentanan Pesisir (LRSDKP) pada tahun 2017 mempunyai salah satu tujuan untuk menentukan lokasi yang tepat untuk usaha budidaya perairan Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) lepas pantai di Perairan Keneukai. Analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis arus, pasang surut, batimetri, serta kualitas perairan. Kecepatan arus di permukaan berkisar antara 0-0,9 m/s. Sementara itu, kecepatan arus dekat dasar berkisar antara 0-0,74 m/s. Profil vertikal arus menunjukkan mekanisme Spiral Ekman yang berpengaruh terhadap distribusi material-mateial organik secara vertikal dan didominasi oleh arus pasang surut. Topografi Perairan Keneukai termasuk landai dengan kedalaman berkisar 0-72 meter dan terdapat perubahan kedalaman yang signifikan di sejumlah area. Hasil analisis perairan untuk parameter Dissolved Oxygent (DO), salinitas, suhu, pH, kecerahan, nitrit, Biological Oxygent Demand (BOD dan amonia menunjukkan bahwa lokasi penelitian layak dan sesuai untuk dijadikan sebagai tempat budidaya KJA. Akan tetapi, hal tersebut tidak berlaku untuk parameter nitrat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan verifikasi lapangan dengan pertimbangan aspek fisik dan keterjangkauan lokasi, maka Perairan Keneukai dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan budidaya keramba jaring apung.
ANALISIS FOSIL FORAMINIFERA PADA SEDIMEN LAUT DI SELAT MAKASSAR SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR PALEO-TEMPERATUR PERMUKAAN AIR LAUT
Authors: Sholihah Ghina Aghniatus
Published: March 2018

Perubahan kondisi suhu permukaan air laut berlangsung dari masa lampau hingga saat ini. Informasi tentang perubahan tersebut dapat diperoleh dari fosil foraminifera yang terendapkan dalam sedimen laut. Struktur tubuh foraminifera yang sederhana, sebarannya yang luas serta kemampuannya yang tinggi dalam merespon perubahan lingkungan menjadikan foraminifera berpotensi sebagai bioindikator paleotemperatur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis foraminifera sebagai bioindikator paleotemperatur. Pengambilan sampel fosil foraminifera pada sedimen laut di Selat Makassar dilakukan pada dua stasiun kemudian diidentifikasi sampai tingkat spesies. Data foraminifera yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan grafik terhadap kelimpahan individu dan jumlah spesies foraminifera untuk selanjutnya dianalisis jenis yang merupakan bioindikator paleotemperatur. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan 60 spesies foraminifera dari sejumlah 599.759 individu terdiri dari 32 spesies foraminifera bentonik dan 28 spesies foraminifera planktonik.  Hasil analisis data foraminifera memperlihatkan bahwa Globigerinoides rubra dan Globigerinoides sacculifera dapat digunakan sebagai bioindikator paleotemperatur permukaaan air laut yaitu. Berdasarkan analisis foraminifera tersebut menunjukkan bahwa suhu permukaan air laut di Selat Makassar pada masa lampau lebih tinggi dibandingkan saat ini.
Ethics of Conducting Virtual Ethnography on Visual Platforms
Authors: Wheeler Kayla
Published: March 2018

For scholars, the internet provides a space to study diverse groups of people across the world and can be a useful way to bypass physical gender segregation and travel constraints. Despite the potential for new insights into people’s everyday life and increased attention from scholars, there is no standard set of ethics for conducting virtual ethnography on visually based platforms, like YouTube and Instagram. While publicly accessible social media posts are often understood to be a part of the public domain and thus do not require a researcher to obtain a user’s consent before publishing data, caution must be taken when studying members of a vulnerable community, especially those who have a history of surveillance, like African-American Muslims. Using a womanist approach, the author provides recommendations for studying vulnerable religious groups online, based on a case study of a YouTube channel, Muslimah2Muslimah, operated by two African-American Muslim women. The article provides an important contribution to the field of media studies because the author discusses a “dead” online community, where users no longer comment on the videos and do not maintain their own profiles, making obtaining consent difficult and the potential risks of revealing information to an unknown community hard to gauge.
Ethical Scholars and Unethical Committees
Authors: Chryssides George
Published: March 2018

In most education institutions, research involving human subjects requires to be scrutinized by an ethics committee. After outlining the history of research ethics and codes of practice, the author draws on his own experience of research on Jehovah’s Witnesses, examining issues of consent, disclosure, respect for informants, and confidentiality. It is argued that institutional ethics committees tend to apply a biomedical model of research, which is inappropriate in the study of religion. Several problems in the operation of research committees are identified, such as their typical adversarial stance, the frequent lack of appropriate qualifications among members, and their failure to recognize the ways in which research in religion is conducted. Ethical considerations are not limited to fieldwork, and the author argues the need to recognize the wider aspects of research, and to note the ways in which other organizations address ethical issues. Such organizations include religious communities themselves, business companies, and a few universities who have developed a concern for their wider social responsibility. Although there remains a place for ethics committees, they can themselves operate in an unethical manner, and need to take a more humane and realistic account of research methods in the study of religion.
Robinson, Simon. 2017. 'The Spirituality of Responsibility: Fethullah Gülen and Islamic Thought'. London: Bloomsbury. 210pp. ISBN: 978-1-3500-0928 £85.00 (hbk); ISBN: 978-1-3500-0931-8 £26.09 (ePDF); ISBN: 978-1-3500-0930-1 £26.09 (ePub).
Authors: Forsberg Clyde
Published: March 2018

Robinson, Simon. 2017. The Spirituality of Responsibility: Fethullah Gülen and Islamic Thought. London: Bloomsbury. 210pp. ISBN: 978-1-3500-0928 £85.00 (hbk); ISBN: 978-1-3500-0931-8 £26.09 (ePDF); ISBN: 978-1-3500-0930-1 £26.09 (ePub).
Evaluation of the fetal abdomen by magnetic resonance imaging. Part 1: malformations of the abdominal cavity
Authors: Matos Ana Paula Pinho , Duarte Luciana de Barros , Castro Pedro Teixeira , Daltro Pedro , Werner Júnior Heron , Araujo Júnior Edward
Published: March 2018

Abstract Although ultrasound continues to be the mainstay modality for the evaluation of fetal disorders, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has often been used as a valuable adjunct in recent years. The exponential growth of the use of fetal MRI has been facilitated by technological advancements such as ultrafast T2-weighted sequences and diffusion-weighted imaging. Fetal MRI can achieve results that are comparable to or better than those of ultrasound, particularly in cases of maternal obesity, severe oligohydramnios, or abnormal fetal position. Because of its superior soft tissue contrast, wide field of view, and multiplanar imaging, fetal MRI is able to evaluate the large fetal organs, such as the lungs, liver, bowel, and kidneys. In addition, fetal MRI allows large or complex malformations to be examined, facilitating the understanding of the malformation within the context of the body as a whole. Initial fetal MRI studies were focused on the central nervous system. With advances in software and hardware, fetal MRI gained importance in the evaluation of the fetal abdomen. The purpose of this article is to review the recent literature and developments in MRI evaluation of the fetal abdomen, with an emphasis on imaging aspects, protocols, and common clinical indications.
Substrate and temperature on germination and performance of Albizia niopoides Benth. Seedlings
Authors: Silva Dandara Yasmim Bonfim de Oliveira , Silva Alécio Martins Pereira da , Farias Séfora Gil Gomes de , Silva Romário Bezerra e , Matos Valderez Pontes , Silva Leovandes Soares da
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the most appropriate conditions of temperature and substrate for germination and performance of A. niopoides seedlings. The design was completely randomized in 10x7 factorial arrangement (eight constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C and two alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35°C, and seven substrates, that are paper towel, vermiculite, sand, blotting paper, coir dust, sugarcane bagasse, and tropstrato®) with four replicates of 25 seeds. The following variables were analyzed: (1) germination percentage; (2) germination speed index; (3) shoot length and primary root; and (4) dry weight of shoot and of root system. There was a significant interaction among the tested factors for all variables. The A. niopoides seeds germinate under a wide temperature range, with minimum and maximum limit at 10 and 40°C temperatures, respectively. Alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35°C with sand substrate are ideal conditions for germination and performance of A. niopoides seedlings.
PREOPERATIVE RISK FACTORS FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: RESULTS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL
Authors: GOMES JUNIOR Raimundo Martins , CEZAR Lia Cavalcante , MENESES Gdayllon Cavalcante , SILVA JUNIOR Geraldo Bezerra da , GARCIA José Huygenes Parente , DAHER Elizabeth De Francesco
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in the immediate postoperative period of patients undergoing liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate preoperative risk factors for AKI after liver transplantation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults submitted to orthotopic liver transplantation at a reference hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast of Brazil, from January to December 2016. Preoperative risk factors were evaluated for AKI development in the immediate postoperative period. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. RESULTS: A total of 40 patients were included in the study. AKI was found in 85% of patients in the first 24 hours after transplantation, most of them (40%) classified in KDIGO stage 1. Preoperative data indicate that serum albumin levels were lower in the KDIGO stage 3 group compared to the non-AKI group, as well as the hematocrit levels. Direct bilirubin (DB) was higher in the KDIGO stage 3 group compared to the group without AKI, as well as alkaline phosphatase (AP) and gamma-glutamiltransferase (GGT). In a logistic regression analysis independent risk factors for AKI were increase levels of AP, GGT and DB and decrease level of serum albumin. CONCLUSION: Low levels of serum albumin, and elevated levels of DB, AP and GGT in the preoperative period are risk factors for AKI development after liver transplantation.
IMPACT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL CHANGES ON SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN THREE DIFFERENT PERIODS OVER 17 YEARS
Authors: ALMEIDA Paulo Roberto Lerias de , LEÃO Gabriel Stefani , GONÇALVES Charlles David Gonçalves , PICON Rafael Veiga , TOVO Cristiane Valle
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a serious complication in cirrhotic patients, and changes in the microbiological characteristics reported in the last years are impacting the choice of antibiotic used for treatment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the changes in the epidemiology and bacterial resistance of the germs causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis over three different periods over 17 years. METHODS: All cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and positive culture of ascites fluid were retrospectively studied in a reference Hospital in Southern Brazil. Three periods were ramdomly evaluated: 1997-1998, 2002-2003 and 2014-2015. The most frequent infecting organisms and the sensitivity in vitro to antibiotics were registered. RESULTS: In the first period (1997-1998) there were 33 cases, the most common were: E. coli in 13 (36.11%), Staphylococcus coagulase-negative in 6 (16.66%), K. pneumoniae in 5 (13.88%), S. aureus in 4 (11.11%) and S. faecalis in 3 (8.33%). In the second period (2002-2003), there were 43 cases, the most frequent were: Staphylococus coagulase-negative in 16 (35.55%), S. aureus in 8 (17.77%), E. coli in 7 (15.55%) and K. pneumoniae in 3 (6.66%). In the third period (2014-2015) there were 58 cases (seven with two bacteria), the most frequent were: E. coli in 15 (23.1%), S. viridans in 12 (18.5%), K. pneumoniae in 10 (15.4%) and E. faecium 5 (7.7%). No one was using antibiotic prophylaxis. Considering all staphylococci, the prevalence increased to rates of the order of 50% in the second period, with a reduction in the third period evaluated. Likewise, the prevalence of resistant E. coli increased, reaching 14%. CONCLUSION: There was a modification of the bacterial population causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, with high frequency of gram-positive organisms, as well as an increase in the resistance to the traditionally recommended antibiotics. This study suggests a probable imminent inclusion of a drug against gram-positive organisms in the empiric treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
ASSOCIATION OF POTENTIAL CELIAC DISEASE AND REFRACTORY IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: SHAHRIARI Mahdi , HONAR Naser , YOUSEFI Ali , JAVAHERIZADEH Hazhir
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is an enteropathy caused by dietary gluten. The combination of serologic, genetic and histologic data has led to description of other categories of this disease. OBJECTIVE: There are a number of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) that do not respond to iron treatment and may be repeated for many times, Therefore, we aimed to investigate celiac disease in this group. METHODS: In this cross sectional transverse prospective study from August 2011 to February 2013, in a Pediatric care clinic affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 184 children including 92 IDA patients who responded to treatment using iron supplement, 45 non-responding iron deficient patients, and 47 healthy individuals, with the maximum age of 18 years, with written consent from their parents, participated in serologic screening (with Anti-TTG antibody and anti-Endomysial antibody) for celiac disease. Patients with at least one positive serology test underwent multiple mucosal biopsy from bulb and duodenum. RESULTS: Among 184 participants, 19 (10.3%) subjects had positive serologic test for celiac disease, including 13 (28.9%) patients in the group with refractory IDA, 5 (5.4%) patients in the group with treated IDA, and 1 patient in the healthy group. The frequency of positive serologic test in the group with IDA resistant to treatment was prominently higher than the other two groups (P<0.001). Among the patients with positive serologic celiac test who underwent endoscopy and biopsy, no histologic evidence of celiac disease was seen. They were diagnosed as potential celiac disease. CONCLUSION: Frequency of potential celiac disease in patients with refractory IDA was higher than control the subjects. Therefore, we recommend serologic screening for early detection and minimizing the complications of celiac disease and repeated iron therapy for this group.
Supporting in grief and burnout of the nursing team from pediatric units in Chilean hospitals
Authors: Vega Paula Vega , Rodriguez Rina González , Galdamez Natalie Santibáñez , Molina Camila Ferrada , Orellana Javiera Spicto , Villanueva Antonia Sateler , Melo Jose Bustos
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To know the levels of Burnout Syndrome and perception of grief support in nursing teams of oncology and pediatric intensive care in public hospitals in Chile. Method A study of descriptive cross-sectional design. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Grief Support Health Care Scale were applied to university-level and technical nursing professionals between March and November 2015. An analysis to compare the means was performed with use of the Student’s t-test, and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results The study included 153 professionals. Results show 4% of professionals have Burnout Syndrome (BS) and 89% are at risk of having it. Oncology professionals are at higher risk as they present higher levels of emotional exhaustion and lower levels of personal fulfillment. Half of professionals have a high level of perception of grief support, which is greater in the oncology team. Conclusion Professionals working in pediatric oncology units are at increased risk of Burnout Syndrome and grief support may be a mediating factor in this process.
Surveillance nursing diagnoses, ongoing assessment and outcomes on in-patients who suffered a cardiorespiratory arrest
Authors: Juvé-Udina Maria-Eulàlia , Fabrellas-Padrés Núria , Adamuz-Tomás Jordi , Cadenas-González Sònia , Gonzalez-Samartino Maribel , Cueva Ariza Laura de la , Delgado-Hito Pilar
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective The purposes of this study were to examine the frequency of surveillance-oriented nursing diagnoses and interventions documented in the electronic care plans of patients who experienced a cardiac arrest during hospitalization, and to observe whether differences exist in terms of patients’ profiles, surveillance measurements and outcomes. Method A descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional design, randomly including data from electronic documentation of patients who experienced a cardiac arrest during hospitalization in any of the 107 adult wards of eight acute care facilities. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Two-tailed p-values are reported. Results Almost 60% of the analyzed patients’ e-charts had surveillance nursing diagnoses charted in the electronic care plans. Significant differences were found for patients who had these diagnoses documented and those who had not in terms of frequency of vital signs measurements and final outcomes. Conclusion Surveillance nursing diagnoses may play a significant role in preventing acute deterioration of adult in-patients in the acute care setting.
Adverse reactions to whole blood donation, basic human needs and nursing diagnoses: a reflection
Authors: Esplendori Gabriela Feitosa
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT A theoretical-Reflective study with the objective to reflect on human needs regarding the imbalance of whole blood donors considering adverse reactions to the donation, and the existing nursing diagnoses that best meet the imbalance needs. The following needs were pointed out according to the signs and symptoms of adverse reactions and based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs: skin and tissue integrity, emotional security, pain perception, body mechanics, oxygenation, physical integrity, physical comfort, elimination, neurological, electrolytic and vascular regulation. By observing NANDA International’s Definitions and Classifications, adaptations to the existing nursing diagnoses and suggestions for new headings have been proposed. We conclude that some of the needs are interrelated, such as vascular regulation, oxygenation and physical integrity. Thus, more contextualized nursing diagnoses related to the needs of whole blood donors are needed, given the specific nature of the situation generating imbalances such as: ineffective systemic vascular regulation characterized by self-reported dizziness, cutaneous pallor and arterial hypotension related to vasovagal reaction.
Perceptions of critical and emergency department nurses regarding changes in their professional role
Authors: Karanikola Maria NK , Giannakopoulou Margarita , Mpouzika Meropi , Nicolaou Christiana , Tsiaousis George , Vouzavali Foteini , Koutroubas Anna , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth DE.
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective Preliminary investigation of the way Greek critical and emergency department nurses conceptualize changes in their professional role. Method A qualitative focus-group methodology was applied. Following purposeful sampling and informed consent of participants. Results Participated eight individuals. The need for enhancement of nurses’ participation in decision-making in order for an actual change in their professional role to be achieved was the central theme of participants’ narratives. Perceived advancements in professional role performance regarded: evidence-based practice; technology; education, knowledge; clinical skills; research; heightened nurse-physician collaboration. Perceived reasons why these advancements failed to enhance nurses’ professional role were lack of meritocracy; competitive relationships; lack of support among nurses; insufficient managerial support; budget limitations. Conclusion Despite advancements in clinical practice, participants did not deem that their professional role was enhanced significantly, as participation in decision-making and control over practice remain limited. Interventions targeted to enhance nurses’ participation in clinical decision-making, and overall professional autonomy are recommended.
Accuracy of nursing diagnoses for identifying domestic violence against children
Authors: Apostólico Maíra Rosa , Egry Emiko Yoshikawa , Fornari Lucimara Fabiana , Gessner Rafaela
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective Identify nursing diagnoses involving a hypothetical situation of domestic violence against a child and the respective degrees of accuracy. Method An exploratory, evaluative, case study was conducted using a quantitative and qualitative approach, with data collected using an online instrument from 26 nurses working in the Municipal Health Network, between June and August 2010, in Curitiba, and also during the first half of 2014 in São Paulo. Both of these cities are in Brazil. Nursing diagnoses and interventions from the International Classification of Nursing Practices in Collective Health were provided, and accuracy was verified using the Nursing Diagnosis Accuracy Scale. Results Thirty-nine nursing diagnoses were identified, 27 of which were common to both cities. Of these, 15 were scored at the null level of accuracy, 11 at high accuracy and 1 at medium accuracy. Conclusion The difficulty the nurses had in defining diagnoses may be associated with the fact that nursing care generally focuses on clinical problems, and signs expressing situations of domestic violence against children go unnoticed. The results demonstrated the difficulty of participants in selecting the appropriate nursing diagnosis for the case in question.
Productivity versus workloads in the nursing working environment
Authors: Carvalho Deciane Pintanela de , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Tomaschewski-Barlem Jamila Geri , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Cecagno Diana , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the association between the productivity loss of nursing workers and workloads in a teaching hospital. Method Descriptive study with a quantitative approach, conducted with nursing workers. A structured data collection instrument and the Work Limitations Questionnaire were used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics, with the Kruskal Wallis test and the Spearman rank correlation. Results A total of 211 nursing workers participated in the study. They had an average of 6.38% of lost productivity; 75% of nursing technicians showed 9.57% of productivity loss, followed by nurses (8.75%) and nursing aides (8.50%). The units presenting the highest productivity loss were surgical clinic (8.81%), and medical clinic (8.58%). The rate of productivity loss was significantly associated with chemical loads (p=0.044) and with mechanical loads (p=0.041). Conclusion Workers presented productivity loss and work limitations associated with workloads, which shows they have difficulty performing the activities in part of the work time.
Centrifuge tests on liquefaction potential and slope stability of mine tailings
Authors: Antonaki Nonika , Abdoun Tarek , Sasanakul Inthuorn
Published: March 2018

Several factors have led to the extended need for investigation of the static and dynamic behaviour of mine tailings and include the rising generation and surface storage of mine waste, its frequent use as a construction material for the retaining structures and the relatively high rate of associated failures, with seismic liquefaction being a rather common cause. In this experimental study, dynamic response and surface slope stability of a layered mine tailings deposit were examined by means of four centrifuge tests performed at the Center for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute). The material under study was fine copper–gold tailings and the varying parameters were average degree of consolidation prior to dynamic loading and base acceleration amplitude. The material was found to be liquefiable and its performance in terms of acceleration, shear strain, slope stability, residual lateral deformation, pore-pressure build-up and liquefied depth was somewhat dependent on the aforementioned parameters. The response of the deposits changed with increasing depth and effective stress, which made centrifuge testing highly advantageous.
Bioinformatic pipeline for studying transcriptome and regulome dynamics during neural differentiation v4
Authors: Shang Zhouchun , Chen Dongsheng , Wang Quanlei , Wang Shengpeng
Published: March 2018

Here we present a bioinformatic pipeline for dissecting transcriptional regulation of neural differentiation process. Single cell RNA-seq and bulk ATAC-seq with two biological replicates was applied to the indicated cell stages including human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), embryo body (EB), early rosettes (Ros-E), late rosettes (Ros-L), NPCs, and the original somatic fibroblasts (Fib) for a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms driving the differentiation of the neural lineage. This pipeline could be applied to study transcriptome and regulome dynamics of other lineages.
Neonikotinoidler ile İnsan Lenfositlerinde Genotoksisitenin Uyarılması
Authors: Kızılet Halit , Uysal Handan
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmada, neonikotinoid grubu

insektisitlerden imidakloprid (İMİ) ve asetamiprid (ASE)’in genotoksik etkileri

insane peripheral lenfosit

hücrelerinde Kardeş Kromatid Değişim

Testi (KKD) ile araştırılmıştır. Bu maddelerin olası genotoksik etkilerinin

giderilebilmesi için de Portulaca oleracea

L. (Semizotu) bitkisine ait su ve methanol ekstreleri kullanılmıştır. İnsektisitlere

ait genotoksisitenin belirlenmesi amacıyla kültür ortamına farklı konsantrasyonlarda

İMİ (50, 100, 250 ve 500 ppm) ve ASE (25, 50, 100 ve 250 ppm) insektisitleri ilave

edilmiştir.Yapılan incelemeler sonucu, her iki insektisitin artan konsantrasyonuna

bağlı olarak tüm uygulama gruplarında KKD frekansında artış gözlenmiştir

(P<0,05). Ancak semizotu bitkisinin su (POsu) ve methanol (POmet)

ekstreleri, insektisitlerin en yüksek uygulama grupları (İMİ:500ppm ve ASE:250ppm)

ile birlikte (1:1/v:v) uygulandığı zaman KKD frekansının azaldığı ve bunun da

istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu bulunmuştur (P<0,05). Elde edilen bu bulgulara göre kardeş

kromatit değişiminde gözlenen artış, genetik materyalde oluşan hasarın

bir göstergesi olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca POmet ve POsu

ile bu hasarların azaltılması da semizotunun antigenotoksik bir ajan

olabileceğini göstermektedir.
A New Spherical Catalyst For Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Farsak Murat
Published: March 2018

CuFeZn composite catalysts have been prepared on the graphite electrode
by electrochemical deposition as electrocatalytic materials for hydrogen
evolution reaction (HER). The etching
process was applied on catalysts in caustic solution to leach out zinc and to
produce a porous electrocatalytic surface
for hydrogen evolution. The surface morphologies were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. HER activity is assessed by recording cathodic
current–potential curves, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy and electrolysis techniques. The results show that etched
catalysts have a compact and porous structure as well as a good electrocatalytic activity for the HER in
alkaline media.