bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnography and the Classroom Challenge: Exploring the use and assessment of Ethnography in the IB Diploma Programme
Authors: Riviere Angela
Published: June 2017

This paper discusses the teaching and assessment of ethnographic material in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) Social and Cultural Anthropology course in the context of a major review of the programme. It provides an outline of the historical and ideological development of the IB and the DP, locating anthropology as a discipline within this framework. Using examples from the classroom and examinations, the paper discusses how ethnographic material is used at a local level (by teachers) and how it is assessed, at a global level, by the IB, in terms of the skills in reading ethnography. The paper also reflects on some of the challenges of teaching anthropology through ethnography presented at a global level – in the design of the curriculum; and, at a local level – in the teaching of the course. In conclusion, it is argued that understanding these challenges from both perspectives is necessary if the “ideals” of the course become a reality in the classroom. Getting this “right” requires not only shared understandings of these ideals, but also the recognition that strategies need to be articulated and exemplified.
Relationship between anterior occlusion and frontal sinus size
Authors: Said Omar T. , Rossouw P. Emile , Fishman Leonard S. , Feng Changyong
Published: June 2017

Objective:

To determine the relationship between anterior occlusion and frontal sinus size.

Methods:

The patient database at the Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, was searched for male patients older than 15 years and females older than 13 years of age. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, participants' photos and lateral cephalometric and posteroanterior radiographs were examined then classified into a control class I group (n = 20, 15.7 ± 2.7 years) and eight malocclusion groups (n = 136, 16.1 ± 2.1 years). The frontal sinus area on the lateral cephalometric radiograph and on the posteroanterior radiograph were measured and compared between groups.

Results:

One-way analysis of variance demonstrated a significant difference among all nine groups (P = .0001). Pairwise comparison showed a significant difference between the class I group and all other malocclusion groups (P < .05) except the edge-to-edge group for both radiographs and except the bimaxillary protrusion group for the lateral cephalometric radiographs. Tukey's method was not able to demonstrate a significant difference among the subgroups of skeletal malocclusions (P > .05). Linear regression analyses with stepwise model selection demonstrated that anterior cranial base, mandibular plane angle, and upper incisor inclination commonly have a significant effect on frontal sinus size.

Conclusion:

The frontal sinus size could be used as an indicator of harmonious anterior occlusion. There were no differences among the subgroups of each skeletal malocclusion. The anterior cranial base, facial height, and maxillary incisor inclination appear to have a significant effect on frontal sinus size.
Constituição de um Grupo de Estudo na própria Escola: caminho para a (re)construção dos conhecimentos profissionais
Authors: Silva Angelica Fontoura Garcia , Miranda Mirtes Souza , Pietropaolo Ruy Cesar
Published: June 2017

Este artigo tem o propósito de analisar os conhecimentos necessários ao ensino das estruturas aditivas (re)construídos por um grupo de professores, durante os estudos da teoria e pesquisas que tratam dessa temática. Tais conhecimentos foram evidenciados nas sessões de estudos que envolveram professores que lecionam Matemática para os anos iniciais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa Observatório da Educação pela UNIAN, realizada numa escola pública do Estado de São Paulo, com 15 profissionais que atuam na educação básica. É importante ressaltar que a pesquisadora estava inserida no grupo e participou de todos os encontros, contribuindo para a realização dos estudos e fomentando discussões sobre teoria e prática. Os dados foram analisados à luz de investigações que discutem questões relacionadas ao conhecimento profissional docente, apoiando-se nas ideias de Shulman e Ball, Thames e Phelps bem como em pesquisas que tratam das questões didáticas sobre o Campo Aditivo, com base na Teoria dos Campos Conceituais de Gerard Vergnaud. A pesquisa mostrou que a (re)construção de conhecimentos neste grupo de estudos esteve ligada, sobretudo, à retomada de conhecimentos especializados para o ensino da matemática. Os estudos teóricos realizados pelo grupo e as análises de resultados de pesquisas na área permitiram as reflexões sobre a prática e a (re)construção do conhecimento profissional dos docentes participantes. Observamos também haver uma relação forte entre a (re)construção dos conhecimentos e a segurança demonstrada pelas professoras, no que se refere tanto à autoconfiança quanto à confiança mútua.
Integral Definida: um signo a compreender
Authors: Brandão Ana Karine Dias Caires
Published: June 2017

Resumo da dissertação defendida no Programa de pós-graduação em Educação Matemática, na Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, agosto de 2015.
Las poesías del manuscrito de Fray Miguel de Guevara y el soneto "No me mueve, mi Dios, para quererte"
Authors: Verd Conradi Gabriel María
Published: June 2017

Recepción: 31 de mayo de 2016.Aceptación: 2 de diciembre de 2016.Con fecha de 1638 el agustino mexicano fray Miguel de Guevara escribió un volumen misceláneo titulado Arte doctrinal y modo general para aprender la lengua matlaltzinga. En él se encuentran tres poesías del autor y seis poesías anónimas, que se publican frecuentemente como de Miguel de Guevara. En este artículo se analiza la paternidad de estas seis poesías. La décima ¿Murió Dios? Sí. ¿Cierto? Cierto la había publicado Hernando de Camargo y Salgado en Madrid en 1619; la octava real El tiempo vuela como el pensamiento había aparecido en un libro de emblemas de Juan de Horozco y Covarrubias en 1589; el soneto Pídeme de mí mismo el tiempo cuenta era muy conocido en España y en Portugal antes de 1638, consta en manuscritos y lo había impreso en portugués Miguel Leitão de Andrade en 1629; por último el célebre soneto No me mueve, mi Dios, para quererte se encuentra en un libro de Antonio de Rojas en 1628. Las otras dos poesías no se han localizado, pero no hay razones estilísticas para atribuírselas a fray Miguel de Guevara.
Barbara De Cock, Profiling discourse participants. Forms and functions in Spanish conversation and debates. John Benjamins, Amsterdam-Philadelphia, 2014; 307 pp. (Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 246).
Authors: Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia
Published: June 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Profiling discourse participants. Forms and functions in Spanish conversation and debates.
A tomada de Troia contada por Eneias
Authors: De Freitas Eduardo da Silva
Published: June 2017

Este artigo analisa a narrativa do episódio do Saque de Troia feita por Eneias no “Livro II” da Eneida. A lenda era bastante conhecida na Antiguidade e Virgílio criou uma representação complexa ao transferir o relato do narrador principal para Eneias. O acontecimento assume um tom bastante trágico, porque o relato é feito do ponto de vista do vencido. Consequentemente, o herói ressalta que a derrota dos troianos aconteceu porque os gregos mentiram. Além disso, os gregos são representados como selvagens, enquanto os troianos são corajosos. Por fim, Eneias sugere que a fuga foi um ato inevitável e necessário para a salvação de sua família, de seus companheiros e dos deuses da cidade. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a360
Tortura, política e humor em poemas de Glauco Mattoso (leitura de “Do decoro parlamentar”, 2004, e de Cautos Casos, 2012)
Authors: Salgueiro Wilberth Claython
Published: June 2017

O ensaio faz breves considerações acerca do humor e de sua presença na poesia brasileira para, a seguir, analisar o soneto “Do decoro parlamentar”, de Glauco Mattoso, em Poética na política (2004), e o livro Cautos casos (2012), apontando como ambas as obras lidam com essa delicada e constrangedora relação entre tortura, política e humor ou, noutras palavras, entre riso e barbárie. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a376
Imensidade e imensidão: a desnorteante poesia de Georges Bataille
Authors: Barbosa Rodrigo Garcia
Published: June 2017

Livro resenhado:BATAILLE, Georges. Poemas. Tradução de Alexandre Rodrigues da Costa, Vera Casa Nova. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG, 2015. (Coleção Fora de Série) ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a390
Glauco Mattoso: um caleidoscópio em intenso giro
Authors: Silva Susana Souto
Published: June 2017

Entrevista com Glauco Mattoso. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a439
Os Cautos Causos de Glauco Mattoso
Authors: Hansen João Adolfo
Published: June 2017

O artigo trata da forma cômico-satírica do livro Raymundo Curupyra, o Caypora, de Glauco Mattoso. Lembra que seus 200 sonetos de gênero baixo, verso decassílabo e rimas toantes abba/abba/cdc/dcd compõem, na sequência em que são ordenados, conjuntos narrativos. Jocosamente intitulados de “cautos causos”, eles formam um romance ironicamente lírico e sua matéria são as temporalidades das ações de Raymundo Curupyra. As inadequações cômicas de seus atos são narradas por Craque, “perfeito/ malandro brasileiro da selecta/ralé miscigenada” (Soneto 107), que salta, aidético e trágico, do edifício Martinelli, derrotado por si mesmo e por São Paulo. O artigo propõe que o princípio – e o limite – dos atos da fala lírica de Craque é a miséria que fornica com a luxúria. Ou seja: o artigo propõe que o livro efetua a galhofa cansada ou a melancolia burlesca próprias de um retrato sério-cômico de São Paulo e da sociedade brasileira contemporânea. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a444
Um poema de Glauco Mattoso
Authors: BRITTO Paulo Henriques
Published: June 2017

Análise de “Manifesto obsoneto”, poema de Glauco Mattoso de 1981, nos planos formal e semântico. --DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a449
Apresentação
Authors: Silva Susana Souto , Butterman Steven , Fiuza Solange , Alves Ida
Published: June 2017

Apresentação à Texto Poético 22. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25094/rtp.2017n22a450
The Role of Exercise and Patient Education in the Noninvasive Management of Whiplash
Authors: Rebbeck Trudy
Published: June 2017

Synopsis

The majority of people with whiplash-associated disorder do not have neurological deficit or fracture and are therefore largely managed with nonsurgical interventions such as exercise, patient education, and behavioral-based interventions. To date, clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, and the results of high-quality randomized controlled trials recommend exercise and patient education as the primary interventions for people in both acute and chronic stages after injury. However, the relatively weak evidence and small effect sizes in individual trials have led authors of some systematic reviews to reach equivocal recommendations for either exercise or patient education, and led policy makers and funders to question whether the more expensive intervention (exercise) should be funded at all. Physical therapists, one of the most commonly consulted professionals treating individuals with whiplash-associated disorder, need to look beyond the evidence for insights as to what role patient education and exercise should play in the future management of whiplash. This clinical commentary therefore will review the evidence for exercise, patient education, and behavioral-based interventions for whiplash and provide clinical insight as to the future role that exercise and patient education should play in the management of this complex condition. Possible subgroups of patients who may best respond to exercise will be explored using stratification based on impairments, treatment response, and risk/prognostic factors. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(7):481–491. Epub 16 Jun 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7138
An Integrated Model of Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder
Authors: Walton David M. , Elliott James M.
Published: June 2017

Synopsis

The development of persistent symptoms following whiplash injury from a motor vehicle collision is common and contributes substantially to societal and personal costs. The popular Quebec Task Force classification system of whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) was meant to function as a prognostic and intervention decision aid, but its usefulness has been questioned. Emerging evidence highlights the heterogeneity of WAD by demonstrating physical and psychological impairments that are unique to those who develop persistent symptoms. These impairments are not recognized in the Quebec Task Force classification system. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to describe an integrated model that focuses on how psychological and neurobiological factors interact with, and are influenced by, existing personal and environmental factors to contribute to the development of chronic WAD. The model has been developed through more than 20 years of work in the field, consultation with experts, in-depth synthesis of existing evidence, and new evidence from the authors' own research programs. A subtheme is that a point of convergence currently exists between the psychological, physiological, and social determinants of health literature that can further explain the complex presentation of WAD. The new model is proposed to orient future research toward more interdisciplinary efforts across nontraditional fields, including data scientists and consumers, to clarify the WAD condition. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(7):462–471. Epub 16 Jun 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7455
The Dissemination of Science and Science Journalism in Brazilian Universities: Analyzing Strategies that Facilitate Access to Science & Technology
Authors: Queiroz Giuliana Batista Rodrigues de , Becker Valdecir
Published: June 2017

This article is a mapping of Brazilian universities that maintain a structured work for Science Journalism and / or the dissemination of science. It analyses the strategies used by the top 50 Brazilian universities for including dissemination of science in their communication activities. In order to do this each institution’s website was examined for the purpose of collecting a large sample size of universities that organize and prioritize the dissemination of science and science journalism, and make their studies and projects available to the public. The dissemination of science is a priority for only 15 universities; ones that have structured science journalism programs. 11 of these universities are among the top 25 in the country which indicates that there is a direct relationship between academic quality and dissemination of science. Thus, this study lends to a deeper understanding of the field of science journalism.
An Ontology of Omnipresent and Omniscient Cameras: Changes to Telejournalism and the Ubiquity of Devices for Recording Reality
Authors: Martins Maura
Published: June 2017

The proliferation of technological devices that visually register the world has led to changes in the narrative formats of telejournalism. The various types of cameras used by television stations – surveillance, amateur, hidden and even professional ones - give broadcasters a plethora of strategies for reaching an audience who tend to dominate and distrust the well-known media languages. This paper presents a proposal for categorizing the cameras used in daily telejournalism in order to better understand the specifics of the phenomenon. Overall, all these cameras appear to be used for creating a realist aesthetic with low media interference.
New Professional Profiles and Skills in the Journalistic Field: A Scoping Review and In-Depth Interviews with Professionals in Spain
Authors: Marques-Hayasaki Paula , Roca-Cuberes Carles , Singla Casellas Carles
Published: June 2017

The professional profiles and skills related to journalism are adapting to a new paradigm as a consequence of the advent of new technologies - the web 2.0, the end of the monopoly of news production by mass media, etc. This study aims to provide a comprehensive critical mapping of new professional profiles and skills demanded in the field of journalism, based on a scoping review and in-depth interviews with professionals and academics in Spain. The results show a great variety of new profiles and nomenclatures. This is in part because of a significant overlapping in the functions emphasized by them. With regards to skills, the traditional ones are still the most valued by the market, although new competencies are becoming more and more important.
Use of telomerase promoter mutations to mark specific molecular subsets with reciprocal clinical behavior in IDH mutant and IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas
Authors: Akyerli Cemaliye B. , Yüksel Şirin , Can Özge , Erson-Omay E. Zeynep , Oktay Yavuz , Coşgun Erdal , Ülgen Ege , Erdemgil Yiğit , Sav Aydın , von Deimling Andreas , Günel Murat , Yakıcıer M. Cengiz , Pamir M. Necmettin , Özduman Koray
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

Recent studies have established that hemispheric diffuse gliomas may be grouped into subsets on the basis of molecular markers; these subsets are loosely correlated with the histopathological diagnosis but are strong predictors of clinical tumor behavior. Based on an analysis of molecular and clinical parameters, the authors hypothesized that mutations of the telomerase promoter (TERTp-mut) mark separate oncogenic programs among isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and/or 2 (IDH) mutant (IDH-mut) and IDH wild-type (IDH-wt) diffuse gliomas independent of histopathology or WHO grade.

METHODS

Four molecular subsets of the combined statuses of IDH and TERT-promoter mutations (double mutant, IDH only, TERT only, and double negative) were defined. Differences in age, anatomical location, molecular genetics, and survival rates in a surgical cohort of 299 patients with a total of 356 hemispheric diffuse gliomas (WHO Grade II, III, or IV) were analyzed.

RESULTS

TERTp-mut were present in 38.8% of IDH-mut and 70.2% of IDH-wt gliomas. The mutational status was stable in each patient at 57 recurrence events over a 2645-month cumulative follow-up period. Among patients with IDH-mut gliomas, those in the double-mutant subset had better survival and a lower incidence of malignant degeneration than those in the IDH-only subset. Of patients in the double-mutant subset, 96.3% were also positive for 1p/19q codeletions. All patients with 1p/19q codeletions had TERTp-mut. In patients with IDH-mut glioma, epidermal growth factor receptor or phosphatase and tensin homolog mutations were not observed, and copy-number variations were uncommon. Among IDH-wt gliomas, the TERT-only subset was associated with significantly higher age, higher Ki-67 labeling index, primary glioblastoma-specific oncogenic changes, and poor survival. The double-negative subset was genetically and biologically heterogeneous. Survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier, multivariate, and regression-tree analyses) confirmed that patients in the 4 molecular subsets had distinct prognoses.

CONCLUSIONS

Molecular subsets result in different tumor biology and clinical behaviors in hemispheric diffuse gliomas.
Patterns of care and outcomes in gliosarcoma: an analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Frandsen Jonathan , Orton Andrew , Jensen Randy , Colman Howard , Cohen Adam L. , Tward Jonathan , Shrieve Dennis C. , Suneja Gita
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

The authors compared presenting characteristics and survival for patients with gliosarcoma (GS) and glioblastoma (GBM). Additionally, they performed a survival analysis for patients who underwent GS treatments with the hypothesis that trimodality therapy (surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy) would be superior to nontrimodality therapy (surgery alone or surgery followed by chemotherapy or radiation).

METHODS

Adults diagnosed with GS and GBM between the years 2004 and 2013 were queried from the National Cancer Database. Chi-square analysis was used to compare presenting characteristics. Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and propensity score analyses were employed for survival analyses.

RESULTS

In total, data from 1102 patients with GS and 36,658 patients with GBM were analyzed. Gliosarcoma had an increased rate of gross-total resection (GTR) compared with GBM (19% vs 15%, p < 0.001). Survival was not different for patients with GBM (p = 0.068) compared with those with GS. After propensity score analysis for GS, patients receiving trimodality therapy (surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy) had improved survival (12.9 months) compared with those not receiving trimodality therapy (5.5 months). In multivariate analysis, GTR, female sex, fewer comorbidities, trimodality therapy, and age < 65 years were associated with improved survival. There was a trend toward improved survival with MGMT promoter methylation (p = 0.117).

CONCLUSIONS

In this large registry study, there was no difference in survival in patients with GBM compared with GS. Among GS patients, trimodality therapy significantly improved survival compared with nontrimodality therapy. Gross-total resection also improved survival, and there was a trend toward increased survival with MGMT promoter methylation in GS. The major potential confounder in this study is that patients with poor functional status may not have received aggressive radiation or chemotherapy treatments, leading to the observed outcome. This study should be considered hypothesis-generating; however, due to its rarity, conducting a clinical trial with GS patients alone may prove difficult.
Comparative analysis of monotherapy versus duotherapy antiseizure drug management for postoperative seizure control in patients undergoing an awake craniotomy
Authors: Eseonu Chikezie I. , Eguia Francisco , Garcia Oscar , Kaplan Peter W. , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

Postoperative seizures are a common complication in patients undergoing an awake craniotomy, given the cortical manipulation during tumor resection and the electrical cortical stimulation for brain mapping. However, little evidence exists about the efficacy of postoperative seizure prophylaxis. This study aims to determine the most appropriate antiseizure drug (ASD) management regimen following an awake craniotomy.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of data pertaining to patients who underwent an awake craniotomy for brain tumor from 2007 to 2015 performed by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into 2 groups, those who received a single ASD (the monotherapy group) and those who received 2 types of ASDs (the duotherapy group). Patient demographics, symptoms, tumor characteristics, hospitalization details, and seizure outcome were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate numerous clinical variables associated with postoperative seizures.

RESULTS

A total of 81 patients underwent an awake craniotomy for tumor resection of an eloquent brain lesion. Preoperative baseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. The postoperative seizure rate was 21.7% in the monotherapy group and 5.7% in the duotherapy group (p = 0.044). Seizure outcome at 6 months’ follow-up was assessed with the Engel classification scale. The duotherapy group had a significantly higher proportion of seizure-free (Engel Class I) patients than the monotherapy group (90% vs 60%, p = 0.027). The length of stay was similar, 4.02 days in the monotherapy group and 4.51 days in the duotherapy group (p = 0.193). The 90-day readmission rate was higher for the monotherapy group (26.1% vs 8.5% in the duotherapy group, p = 0.044). Multivariate logistic regression showed that preoperative seizure history was a significant predictor for postoperative seizures following an awake craniotomy (OR 2.08, 95% CI 0.56–0.90, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with a preoperative seizure history may be at a higher risk for postoperative seizures following an awake craniotomy and may benefit from better postoperative seizure control with postoperative ASD duotherapy.
Prevalence of foramen arcuale and its clinical significance: a meta-analysis of 55,985 subjects
Authors: Pękala Przemysław A. , Henry Brandon M. , Pękala Jakub R. , Hsieh Wan Chin , Vikse Jens , Sanna Beatrice , Walocha Jerzy A. , Tubbs R. Shane , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

The foramen arcuale (FA) is a bony bridge located over the vertebral artery on the posterior arch of the atlas. The presence of an FA can pose a risk during neurosurgery by providing a false impression of a broader posterior arch. The aim of this study was to provide the most comprehensive investigation on the prevalence of the FA and its clinically important anatomical features.

METHODS

Major electronic databases were searched to identify all studies that reported relevant data on the FA and the data were pooled into a meta-analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 127 studies (involving 55,985 subjects) were included. The overall pooled prevalence of a complete FA was 9.1% (95% CI 8.2%–10.1%) versus an incomplete FA, which was 13.6% (95% CI 11.2%–16.2%). The complete FA was found to be most prevalent in North Americans (11.3%) and Europeans (11.2%), and least prevalent among Asians (7.5%). In males (10.4%) the complete FA was more common than in females (7.3%) but an incomplete FA was more commonly seen in females (18.5%) than in males (16.7%). In the presence of a complete FA, a contralateral FA (complete or incomplete) was found in 53.1% of cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgeons should consider the risk for the presence of an FA prior to procedures on the atlas in each patient according to sex and ethnic group. We suggest preoperative screening with computerized tomography as the gold standard for detecting the presence of an FA.
Intrathoracic meningocele associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 and a novel technique for surgical repair: case report
Authors: Das Paramita , Goyal Tarini , Hunt Matthew A.
Published: June 2017

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder that can have associated spinal abnormalities related to both bone and dural dysplasia. Thoracic meningoceles are one spine anomaly associated with NF1, although they are a fairly uncommon pathology. Surgical techniques to treat these meningoceles, usually undertaken only when the patient is symptomatic, are targeted at decreasing the size of the protrusion and improving lung capacity. Surgical interventions discussed in the literature include shunting the pseudomeningocele, primary repair with laminectomy, thoracoscopic plication, and reinforcement of the closure with cement, muscle, or fascia. Authors here report the case of a 43-year-old woman with NF1 with worsening pulmonary function tests and in whom shunting of the pseudomeningocele failed. Subsequently, a posterolateral thoracotomy was performed. The dura mater was reconstructed and primarily closed. On this closure a Gore-Tex soft-tissue patch was placed along with polypropylene mesh and Evicel fibrin sealant, followed by titanium mesh. At the end of the procedure, a chest tube was left in place and therapeutic pneumoperitoneum was performed to decrease the dead space as the lung did not fully expand with positive-pressure ventilation. The patient’s pulmonary function tests improved after the procedure.

Thoracic meningoceles are uncommon and difficult pathologies to treat surgically. Although shunting is arguably the least invasive surgical option, it can fail in some patients. When it does fail, there are other options that require a multidisciplinary approach and careful attention to the dural closure and reinforcing layers.
Trapped modes in thin and infinite ladder like domains. Part 1: Existence results
Authors: Delourme Bérangère , Fliss Sonia , Joly Patrick , Vasilevskaya Elizaveta
Published: June 2017

The present paper deals with the wave propagation in a particular two dimensional structure, obtained from a localized perturbation of a reference periodic medium. This reference medium is a ladder like domain, namely a thin periodic structure (the thickness being characterized by a small parameter [Formula: see text]) whose limit (as ε tends to 0) is a periodic graph. The localized perturbation consists in changing the geometry of the reference medium by modifying the thickness of one rung of the ladder. Considering the scalar Helmholtz equation with Neumann boundary conditions in this domain, we wonder whether such a geometrical perturbation is able to produce localized eigenmodes. To address this question, we use a standard approach of asymptotic analysis that consists of three main steps. We first find the formal limit of the eigenvalue problem as the ε tends to 0. In the present case, it corresponds to an eigenvalue problem for a second order differential operator defined along the periodic graph. Then, we proceed to an explicit calculation of the spectrum of the limit operator. Finally, we prove that the spectrum of the initial operator is close to the spectrum of the limit operator. In particular, we prove the existence of localized modes provided that the geometrical perturbation consists in diminishing the width of one rung of the periodic thin structure. Moreover, in that case, it is possible to create as many eigenvalues as one wants, provided that ε is small enough. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical results.
Cross-disciplinary higher education of data science – beyond the computer science student
Authors: Pournaras Evangelos
Published: June 2017

The majority of economic sectors are transformed by the abundance of data. Smart grids, smart cities, smart health, Industry 4.0 impose to domain experts requirements for data science skills in order to respond to their duties and the challenges of the digital society. Business training or replacing domain experts with computer scientists can be costly, limiting for the diversity in business sectors and can lead to sacrifice of invaluable domain knowledge. This paper illustrates experience and lessons learnt from the design and teaching of a novel cross-disciplinary data science course at a postgraduate level in a top-class university. The course design is approached from the perspectives of the constructivism and transformative learning theory. Students are introduced to a guideline for a group research project they need to deliver, which is used as a pedagogical artifact for students to unfold their data science skills as well as reflect within their team their domain and prior knowledge. In contrast to other related courses, the course content illustrated is designed to be self-contained for students of different discipline. Without assuming certain prior programming skills, students from different discipline are qualified to practice data science with open-source tools at all stages: data manipulation, interactive graphical analysis, plotting, machine learning and big data analytics. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation with interviews outlines invaluable lessons learnt.
Enhanced Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization
Authors: Joshi Himani , Arora Sankalap
Published: June 2017

Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a new meta-heuristic search algorithm inspired by the social behavior of leadership and the hunting mechanism of grey wolves. GWO algorithm is prominent in terms of finding the optimal solution without getting trapped in premature convergence. In the original GWO, half of the iterations are dedicated to exploration and the other half are devoted to exploitation, overlooking the impact of right balance between these two to guarantee an accurate approximation of global optimum. To overcome this shortcoming, an Enhanced Grey Wolf Optimization (EGWO) algorithm with a better hunting mechanism is proposed, which focuses on proper balance between exploration and exploitation that leads to an optimal performance of the algorithm and hence promising candidate solutions are generated. To verify the performance of our proposed EGWO algorithm, it is benchmarked on twenty-five benchmark functions with diverse complexities. It is then employed on range based node localization problem in wireless sensor network to demonstrate its applicability. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is able to provide superior results in comparison with some well-known algorithms. The results of the node localization problem indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in solving real world problems with unknown search spaces.
Engaging patients in decision-making and behavior change to promote prevention
Authors: Krist Alex H. , Tong Sebastian T. , Aycock Rebecca A. , Longo Daniel R.
Published: June 2017

Effectively engaging patients in their care is essential to improve health outcomes, improve satisfaction with the care experience, reduce costs, and even benefit the clinician experience. This article will address the topic of patient engagement directly and review the relationships between health literacy and patient engagement. While there are many ways to define patient and family engagement, this article will consider engagement as “patients, families, their representatives, and health professionals working in active partnership at various levels across the health care system – direct care, organizational design and governance, and policy making – to improve health and health care [ Health Aff (Millwood) 32 (2013), 223–231].” We will specifically focus on the patient engagement and health literacy needs for three scenarios (1) decision-making, (2) health behavior change, and (3) chronic disease management; we will include the theoretical underpinnings of engagement, the systems required to better support patient engagement, how social determinants of health influence patient engagement, and practical examples to demonstrate approaches to better engage patients in their health and wellbeing. We will close by describing the future of patient engagement, which extends beyond the traditional domains of decision-making and self-care to describe how patient engagement can influence the design of the healthcare delivery system; local, state, and national health policies; and future research relevant to the needs and experiences of patients.
The relevance of health literacy to mHealth
Authors: Kreps Gary L.
Published: June 2017

This paper examines the importance of health literacy to the design and use of mobile digital health information technology (mHealth) applications. Over the past two decades mHealth has evolved to become a major health communication channel for delivering health care, promoting health, and tracking health behaviors. Yet, there are serious communication challenges that must be addressed concerning the best way to design and utilize mHealth application to achieve key health promotion goals, including assuring the appropriateness and effectiveness of mHealth messaging for audiences with different communication competencies, styles, and health literacy levels, to ensure that mHealth applications are truly effective tools for health promotion.

Health literacy is one of the major communication issues relevant to the effective use of mHealth. To be effective, mhealth applications need to match the messages conveyed via these mobile media to the specific health communication needs, orientations, and competencies of intended audience members. Unfortunately, current evidence suggests that many mHealth applications are difficult for audiences to utilize because they provide health information that is not easy for many consumers to understand and apply.

Health literacy refers to the ability of participants within the health care system to accurately interpret and utilize relevant health information and resources to achieve their health goals. Evidence suggests that many consumers possess limited levels of health literacy to adequately understand health information, especially when they are feeling ill, since health literacy is both a trait (limited education, language facility, etc.), and a state condition (based on how their current physical and mental states influence their abilities to communicate effectively). Therefore, it is incumbent upon mHealth developers to design and utilize message systems. Strategies for designing and implementing mHealth applications to meet the health literacy levels of different audiences are described in this article.
The health information national trends survey (HINTS): A resource for consumer engagement and health communication research
Authors: Hesse Bradford W. , Greenberg Alexandra J. , Peterson Emily B. , Chou Wen-Ying Sylvia
Published: June 2017

The contemporary healthcare system can help improve health literacy outcomes in two ways: first, by nurturing the skills and motivations needed for patients to be actively engaged in their own health and healthcare decisions; and, second, by creating a prepared and proactive healthcare system that adapts to patients’ capacities and needs in efficacious ways. In 2001, the National Cancer Institute launched the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) as a way for researchers and planners to understand how the public is interacting with a rapidly changing health information environment. Original iterations of the HINTS national probability sampling strategies took place on a biennial basis, but in subsequent years the protocol moved to a yearly administration. This yields a rich resource of cross-sectional, national surveillance data to evaluate for trends across and within vulnerable populations. Sixteen studies are presented from the published literature to illustrate how HINTS data were used to explore constructs of direct interest to health literacy researchers. Suggestions are given for how this ongoing public surveillance mechanism can be used: (a) to provide a sentinel view of how the public is interacting with information in the environment to address their health needs; (b) to generate research questions and hypotheses for further exploration using complementary methodologies; and (c) to explore the diffusion of new health communication channels within and between segments of the national population.
Learning from the field and its listserv: Issues that concern health literacy practitioners
Authors: Kurtz-Rossi Sabrina , Rikard R.V. , McKinney Julie
Published: June 2017

This study assesses the content of email messages posted to the Health Literacy Discussion List (HLDL) during a two-year period. The study identifies issues of concern to list subscribers, describes the purposes the list serves for health professionals, and contributes to the health literacy literature by providing an email listserv as a research corpus. The authors conducted an inductive qualitative analysis of email posts to the HLDL from October 2013 to October 2015. Using an iterative process, the authors identified descriptive categories for types of posts and topics of posts. The first (SKR) and third (JM) authors reviewed subject lines of all 2,036 posts and brainstormed type and topic categories, independently read and sorted a random sample of 200 posts into those categories, and then discussed discrepancies. Based on the latter experience, the authors combined, added, or excluded certain categories and jointly created a detailed description for each type and topic category. We then sorted another random sample of 200 posts and generated a list of key words relating emails to topic categories. A Cohen’s kappa reliability coefficient was calculated to establish intercoder reliability. The second author (RVR) then conducted key word searches for sorting the remaining 1,836 email posts. The existence and frequency of email clusters and the content of emails in these clusters were used to identify and explore in greater detail the “hot topics” of interest to the field. Our analysis suggests the utility of the HLDL as a platform for sharing information and resources, announcements and calls for action, technical assistance and professional discourse.
Health literacy in selected populations: Individuals, families, and communities from the international and cultural perspective
Authors: Levin-Zamir Diane , Leung Angela Yee Man , Dodson Sarity , Rowlands Gillian , Peres Frederico , Uwamahoro Nadege , Desouza Jyoshma , Pattanshetty Sanjay , Baker Helen
Published: June 2017

International and cultural perspectives of health literacy help deepen the understanding of the global context within which health literacy plays an important role. Throughout this article, we explore the significance of health literacy initiatives, interventions, practices, and research for addressing health challenges on a variety of levels in the international and global context. More specifically, the notion of health literacy as a dynamic construct is introduced, after which we examine health literacy throughout the life course, emphasizing the impact of health literacy among children and the elderly in their families and in the community. Cultural norms and family interpersonal relations, and values influence health literacy and need to be considered when closing the health literacy disparities. Global trends of migration and immigration bring to the forefront the need for unravelling the complexity of health systems, for which health literacy plays a central role; health literacy initiatives address cultural differences between providers and patients to help narrow the communication gap. The importance of cultural competency among health care providers exemplifies how capacity building in health literacy is critical for maximizing the benefits to the public of the health care system. Health literacy provides a conceptual foundation for community participatory research, involving members of the public to take part in the planning, execution and evaluation of health education interventions. Selected case studies and picture boxes from around the globe, exemplify aforementioned topics of interest. Practical recommendations for policy makers, practitioners and research are offered based on the studies conducted in the international context.
Resonant Column Test on the Frozen Silt Soil Modulus and Damping at Different Temperatures
Authors: Yu Xiaobo , Sun Rui , Yuan Xiaoming , Chen Zhuoshi , Zhang Jiuqi
Published: June 2017

The shear modulus and damping ratio of frozen soil are thebasic parameters of its dynamic properties and are often testedwith the dynamic triaxial apparatus. However, the resonantcolumn apparatus is more suitable for the testing at the microstrainlevel. A resonant column apparatus was here used toidentify the varying modes with negative temperature of theinitial shear modulus, modulus ratio, and damping ratio of frozensilt. Correction factor curves indicate that the temperaturehas a great effect on the shear modulus and damping ratio offrozen silt. The curves also show that, within the sensitive stage,the temperature significantly affects the modulus and damping.Within the insensitive stage, the modulus and dampingwere insensitive to the temperature. The experimental resultsand analysis given here provide support for improving seismicdesign codes and offer reasonable parameters for seismicresponse analysis in engineering construction in cold regions.
Optimal Fire Design of Steel Tapered Portal Frames
Authors: Balogh Tamás , Vigh Gergely László
Published: June 2017

The development of new and valuable conceptual design concepts based on structural optimization results is the global aim of the presented research in order to assist the industry in economical fire design of steel tapered portal frames. In order to find optimal configurations regarding the life cycle of the structure, a complex, reliability based structural optimization framework has been developed for tapered portal frame structures. Due to the high nonlinearity and discrete nature of the optimality problem, Genetic Algorithm is invoked to find optimal solutions according to the objective function in with the probability of failure is evaluated using First Order Reliability Method. The applied heuristic algorithm ensures that a number of possible alternatives are analysed during the design process. Based on evaluation of the results of a parametric study, new conceptual design concepts and recommendations are developed and presented for steel tapered portal frames used as storage hall related to optimal structural safety, common design practice and optimal structural fire design.
Comparative approach to seismic vulnerability of an elevated steel tank within a reinforced concrete chimney
Authors: Cohen Yaniv , Livshits Arkady , Nascimbene Roberto
Published: June 2017

This study provides a framework for investigating the seismicresponse of an elevated steel water tank within a reinforcedconcrete chimney, to assist optimal tank placement and analysedifferent tank geometries. Elevated tank design procedures indifferent guidelines and codes are adequate for specific cases,none of which meets the exact requirements of this case study,in which the supporting structure mass is large relative to thestorage tank. The tank is located at an elevation 63 m belowthe mid-height of the 200 m chimney, resulting in a differentbehavior than a simple cantilever. Furthermore, for certainH/R ratios, coupling effects may exist between the fundamentalperiod of the chimney and that of the sloshing wave. An equivalentmodel is examined that is simple enough yet able to accuratelyproduce the design acceleration, dynamic amplification,damping and torsional effects at the chosen tank location, andto capture site effects. An analysis of the tank at ground level isconducted according to AWWA D100-11. Then, the tank at elevation63 m is analysed within the framework of three existingmethods using code spectra and site-specific spectra. A novelfourth method is then proposed which, contrary to the existingmethods, can accurately capture the conditions of this casestudy by combining the benefits of all methods. The workflowdescribed here can be readily applied to other cases of elevatedtanks for which the standard procedures are inadequate.
An Experimental Study on Relationship among Water Sorptivity, Pore Characteristics, and Salt Concentration in Concrete
Authors: Ye Hailong , Jin Nanguo , Jin Xianyu , Fu Chuanqing
Published: June 2017

In this work, the sorptivity properties of concrete with varioustypes of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) curedat three different curing regimes was investigated using thegravimetric method. In parallel, the effects of four differentconcentrations of sodium chloride solution on the sorptivity ofconcrete were studied using both gravimetric and electronicmethods. The results show that the incorporation of SCMsreduces the sorptivity of concrete when sufficient moisture curingis provided; otherwise, it exacerbates sorptivity. Nevertheless,there exists a strong correlation between the sorptivitycoefficient and threshold pore size of concrete measured bymercury intrusion porosimetry. The gravimetric and electronicmethods show different trends regarding the effects of liquidproperties on sorptivity, probably because the gravimetricmethod cannot differentiate the weight of water from salts duringthe measurements.