bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRÁTICAS CORPORAIS EM IDOSOS EM MATO GROSSO, AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: ANÁLISE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL (2013-2023)
Authors: Ribeiro Alves Mario
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Práticas Corporais representam uma intervenção terapêutica na saúde, contribuindo para aumento de qualidade de vida, devendo ser estimulados como política pública, entendidos como direito à saúde. Este cenário é ainda mais relevante no que tange a idosos, parcela da população que naturalmente necessita de maiores cuidados, notadamente os que estão relacionados ao aumento da autonomia. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as Práticas Corporais em idosos residentes no estado de Mato Grosso, durante o período de 2013 a 2023, com uso de mapas temáticos para fornecimento de um panorama geral da temática. Metodologia: Estudo ecológico com uso de dados secundários provenientes do DataSUS. Taxas anuais de PC foram calculadas a partir da divisão do número de procedimentos pela população por ano e por municípios, multiplicados por 100.000. A autocorrelação espacial foi calculada a partir do Índice Moran Local, classificados sob estratos Alto-Alto, Baixo-Baixo, Alto-Baixo e Baixo-Alto. Aglomerados espaço-temporais foram calculados para identificar agrupamentos de PC a partir dos municípios de Mato Grosso. Foi utilizado nível de significância de 5% em todo o estudo. Todos os mapas do presente trabalho foram confeccionados no programa QGIS, versão 2.18.20. Resultados: Foram observados 6.309 registros de procedimentos de PC durante os anos de estudo, sendo 3.173 referentes a homens. Salienta-se a maior quantidade de registros em mulheres com 80 anos ou mais. Não houve padrão de distribuição espacial de seus valores, com registros observados em municípios de diversas partes do estado (norte, noroeste, centro e sul), o mesmo sendo observado nas autocorrelações espaciais. Quanto aos aglomerados espaço-temporais, foram obtidos 13 agrupamentos, sendo um estatisticamente não-significativo e que foi devidamente excluído. Conclusão: Foi observada associação entre variáveis socioeconômicas e realização de Práticas Corporais, destacando municípios com melhores níveis de qualidade de vida, o que reforça o que a literatura científica destaca. Por isso, é importante frisar a importância das Práticas Corporais fornecidas pelo SUS como políticas públicas de saúde, corroborando para o aumento da atividade física em níveis populacionais.
ANÁLISE DA FORÇA E FUNCIONALIDADE DE PACIENTES CRÍTICOS EM UM HOSPITAL DE REFERÊNCIA
Authors: Axell Lins  , Gomes Costa Michelle , De Souza Melo Thamyles Karoênna , Pantoja Siqueira Luis Felipe , Dias Souza Alessandra
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A funcionalidade sofre alterações durante a internação no ambiente crítico, por isso entendê-lo é essencial para melhor direcionamento no setor crítico. O imobilismo nesses setores vem aumentando de forma exponencial, assim como o tempo de internação dos pacientes, pela perda de massa muscular ocasionada pela restrição a mobilização precoce e fisioterapia motora devido à criticidade. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil funcional e de força muscular de pacientesadultos na admissão e alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, transversal e analítico através de análise de prontuários de pacientes internados de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022. Foram selecionados prontuários que apresentaram avaliação funcional e de força muscular pelas escalas Medical Reserach Council e Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit, excluídos aqueles com registros incompletos e que não apresentaram declínio funcional. Resultados: Foram selecionados 1.646 pacientes, após análise dos critérios de exclusão foi totalizado 1.292. Os valores da funcionalidade na alta duplicaram em relação a admissão assim sendo uma estatisticamente significante (p=<0,0001*), assim como o ganho significativo da força muscular (p=<0,0001*). O risco de intubação foi maior em pacientes com idade entre 42 e 49 anos (p=0,0450*) e 66 e 73 anos (p=0,0048*), disfunções neurológicas foram as mais prevalentes (p=<0,0001*) que levaram a necessidade de suporte intensivo. Conclusão: A internação nesse setor foi capaz de desenvolver um comprometimento muscular e consequentemente funcional bastante elevado, porém a mobilização precoce e a fisioterapia motora apresentaram um efeito significativo na resolução desse quadro.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA HUMANIZAÇÃO DA MARCA NO MUNDO DIGITAL
Authors: Marinho Gerson Amaury , Nogoceki Bruno Lenis Dos Santos , Coelho Tavany Cibele
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho tem como finalidade a análise da comunicação e demonstraçãodas estratégias que podem ser utilizadas pela empresa Lenis Lanches, para o processo de humanização da marca no contexto digital. Este estudo tem caráter qualitativo, trata-se de um estudo que busca a compreensão da comunicação empática e diferenciada utilizada pelas empresas no mercado atual e como a interação humanizada é construída. Sendo assim, o método utilizado foi um estudo de caso, onde foi aplicado um questionário para um grupo de pessoas que utilizam esse tipo de serviço e puderam relatar e expressar suas opiniões.Como resultado desse estudo constatamos que a empresa ainda não criou um vínculo emocional com seus clientes, fidelizando-sepor meiodo atendimento empático, mas que mediante a esse estudo pode aderir a ideia e utilizá-la como estratégia em sua empresa. O objetivo desse artigo foi mostrar a importância que essas estratégias têm em impulsionar e posicionar a empresa no mais alto padrão no mercado, diante das plataformas digitais, exaltando as estratégias de sucesso.
ECOSISTEMA EMPRENDEDOR DE LIBERTADOR SAN MARTÍN (ENTRE RÍOS, ARGENTINA):
Authors: Kimel Aldana , Bournissen Juan , Tumino Marisa Cecilia , Caggy Ricardo Costa
Published: February 2025

La generación de los emprendimientos de calidad depende de todo el ecosistema integrado por aspectos de los individuos, condiciones del mercado, acceso a recursos financieros e informacionales, así como la acción de los gobiernos mediante programas y proyectos que crean y favorecen el ambiente de negocios propicios para el desarrollo de emprendimientos. La variable analizada fue la percepción del grado de desarrollo o de consolidación de las siete dimensiones de un ecosistema emprendedor, según el enfoque sistémico: (a) Cultura Emprendedora, (b) Educación, (c) Demanda local, (d) Capital Social, (e) Infraestructura RRHH, (f) Entorno Emprendedor y (f) Políticas Públicas.  El estudio de ecosistema emprendedor en la localidad de Libertador San Martín arroja resultados significativos que indican áreas de mejora y fortaleza en la comunidad emprendedora de la localidad. Se encontró que las dimensiones de Capital Social, Demanda Local y Educación presentan un insuficiente desarrollo, señalando la necesidad de invertir más esfuerzo en el fortalecimiento de estas áreas. Esto implica una mayor capacitación de los potenciales emprendedores y la formación de la comunidad como clientes de los emprendimientos locales. Por otro lado, las dimensiones de Políticas públicas y Entorno emprendedor fueron percibidas con puntuaciones más altas, lo que sugiere que las políticas gubernamentales y el entorno empresarial son áreas de fortaleza en el ecosistema emprendedor de Libertador San Martín. Se recomienda profundizar en el estudio para comprender cómo estas políticas pueden complementar el desarrollo del capital social y la demanda local.
REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA: EXPERIÊNCIA EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO - UMA ANÁLISE DA LEALDADE DO ESTUDANTE DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Oliveira Júnior Edimar Sena , Darius Rebeca Pizza Pancote
Published: February 2025

Com o crescimento do número de matrículas em instituições de ensino privado na educação básica nos últimos anos, estudar sobre os aspectos que contribuem para a lealdade do estudante, tornou-se necessário para uma maior compreensão sobre os fatores que influenciam na sua captação e fidelização. A maneira como os estudantes interagem com a instituição, afeta sua satisfação e permanência. Nessa perspectiva, a lealdade é construída a partir da sua experiência com a instituição. A abordagem da Lógica Dominante do Serviço enfatiza que a criação de valor é resultado da interação entre estudante e a instituição de ensino. Neste sentido, a pesquisa teve como objetivo conduzir uma revisão integrativa acessar estudos sobre experiência na educação e lealdade do estudante. Para isso foram acessadas as bases de dados Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Periódicos Capes e Scielo, utilizando método integrado com os seguintes descritores: Lealdade and educação, marketing de relacionamento, lógica dominante do serviço (idioma em português para a base de dados periódicos capes e loyalty and education, education relationship marketing, service dominant logic para base de dados ERIC e Scielo), no período de 2007 a 2023, nos idiomas: inglês e português. A partir da coleta de dados, foram encontrados 378 artigos, sendo 9 utilizados para estudo desse tema. Entretanto foi observado que há poucos estudos sobre lealdade do estudante na educação básica, principalmente no Brasil.
A visita de enfermagem no contexto da segurança do paciente em pediatria
Authors: Moraes Catharinna Aiko Odagiri de , Batista Larissa Pereira , Modesto Maria Fernanda Nascimento , Assis Natália Reis de , Modesto Thiago Cardoso , Martins Adinaldo Moreira , Piani Claudia Adriana de Castro , Martins Maria Eduarda Libório , Oliveira Yasmin Rodrigues de , Parente Andressa Tavares
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Descrever a vivência de acadêmicos de enfermagem na prática hospitalar de pediatria, à luz das metas internacionais de segurança do paciente durante a visita de enfermagem. Relato de experiência: A prática hospitalar pediátrica iniciou-se no segundo semestre de 2023, nos meses de novembro e dezembro, no turno da manhã. A visita de enfermagem era realizada concomitante com a verificação de sinais vitais pelas técnicas. A ficha de registro da visita norteou o acompanhamento. Os instrumentos padronizados na rotina dos profissionais, como escalas e registros, evidenciaram à função preventiva, protetora e de segurança no cuidado do paciente pediátrico. As metas internacionais de segurança do paciente foram contempladas pela assistência prestada, a organização sistemática que configura o processo de cuidado da enfermagem se mostrou importante para evitar incidentes e eventos adversos no ambiente hospitalar. Considerações finais: A visita de enfermagem desempenha um papel fundamental no contexto da segurança do paciente em pediatria, pois o enfermeiro tem a oportunidade de avaliar e monitorar o estado de saúde da criança, identificar possíveis riscos e implementar medidas de prevenção e intervenção, visando garantir a segurança e o bem-estar.
New-onset discoid lupus erythematosus after Oxford-AstraZeneca adenoviral (Covishield™) vaccination in a paediatric patient
Authors: Malhan Shreya , Gupta Sharang , Chopra Dimple , Chopra Preeyati
Published: February 2025

Oxford Astra-Zeneca adenoviral vaccine (Covishi eld™) is a viral vector vaccine that uses an attenuated, non-replicating strain of Chimpanzee adenovirus as a vector to carry the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into human cells. Although highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), COVID-19 vaccines have been implicated in triggering and exacerbating various autoimmune diseases due to their role in inciting antigen-specific immune responses. There have been various reports of the development or exacerbation of dermatomyositis and systemic lupus erythematosus (LE) following COVID-19 vaccine. Here, we present the rare case of the development of discoid LE (DLE) in a 14-year-old female patient 3 weeks following the administration of the first dose of Covishield™ (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine). The patient also had positive anti-nuclear antibody titres. The temporal relationship of her symptoms after vaccine administration could suggest a possible association between the vaccine and the development of DLE, as this is the time interval for antibody formation post-vaccine.
Trigeminal nerve palsy associated with intracranial aneurysms: Scoping review
Authors: Muthana Ahmed , Salih Haneen A. , Mustapha Mubarak Jolayemi , Abed Hussein Salih , Abdulsada Alkawthar M. , Al-Khafaji Aktham O. , Alaraji Zainab K. A. , Sharma Mayur , Hoz Samer S.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Trigeminal nerve palsy (TNP) in patients with intracranial aneurysms (IAs) results from the disease process or its treatment. We systematically reviewed the literature on trigeminal palsy in patients with IAs.

Methods:

PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science were searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed according to preestablished guidelines.

Results:

Twenty studies were included, yielding 69 patients with TNP and IAs. The mean age was 56.9 years and females accounted for 76%. Among the total cases, a cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm was found in the vast majority (93%), followed by 7% of aneurysms in the basilar artery-superior cerebellar artery, posterior communicating artery, and anterior communicating artery. 96% of the aneurysms were classified as large to giant-sized. Out of the total number of cases, the majority (90%) exhibited trigeminal palsy at the time of their initial presentation. Only a small proportion (n = 7, 10%) developed fifth nerve palsy subsequent to the treatment of their aneurysms. Concurrent versus isolated TNP were exhibited in 79.7% and 20.3% of the cases, respectively. Finally, in terms of outcome, complete recovery from trigeminal palsy was achieved in 76.7% (26/34), with a duration of resolution of <6 months in 77.3% (17/22).

Conclusion:

Trigeminal nerve palsies are correlated with IAs, and this correlation depends mainly on the location and size of the aneurysms.
Delayed esophageal perforation following anterior cervical disc arthroplasty: A case of trauma-induced prosthesis dislocation and hardware failure
Authors: Karaarslan Numan , Demirkol Mahmut , Alyanak Deniz , Herdan Emre , Aladdam Mohammed , Özdemir Ahmet Faruk , Cine Hidayet Safak
Published: February 2025

Background:

Anterior cervical disc arthroplasty (ACDA) may rarely result in esophageal perforation.

Case Description:

A 56-year-old male underwent a C5–c6 ACDA for a cervical disc herniation. Three months postoperatively, trauma led to anterior dislocation of the interbody prosthesis, resulting in the acute onset of dysphagia accompanied by wound drainage. The delayed diagnosis of esophageal perforation was established when the cervical computed tomography documented anterior migration of the screws/plates and an air/fluid level in the surgical field. Despite a multidisciplinary approach, including anterior surgical revision followed by posterior stabilization, the patient became septic and expired.

Conclusion:

The incidence of esophageal perforation following ACDA ranges from 0.02% to 1.52%, with hardware failure being the leading cause. Prompt recognition and multidisciplinary management are essential for optimizing patient outcomes. Here, trauma-induced prosthesis dislocation warranting circumferential surgery failed to control sepsis, and the patient died.
A case of brain abscess successfully treated with continuous irrigation therapy
Authors: Takano Takuma , Ota Nakao , Kondo Tomomasa , Kusunoki Tetsuya , Yasuda Soichiro , Toh Keita , Okada Yasuaki , Mizuno Hiroyuki , Yokoyama Tomoya , Yoshikawa Kohei , Noda Kosumo , Tokuda Sadahisa , Tanikawa Rokuya
Published: February 2025

Background:

Some reports are suggesting the efficacy of continuous irrigation therapy for brain abscesses, but the way how to irrigate and perfusion abscesses and cerebral spinal fluid has not yet been established. Here, we present the case of successfully treated by continuous irrigation therapy for the severe bacterial brain abscess, meningitis, and encephalitis.

Case Description:

A 62-year-old man presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of headache and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an encapsulated lesion with peripheral contrast in the left cerebellar hemisphere, and the lesion showed high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging. We diagnosed him with a brain abscess. In addition to drainage of the cerebellar lesion by small craniotomy and systemic administration of antibiotics, continuous irrigation therapy was performed for 7 days until the cell count of the cerebrospinal fluid became negative. Saline with antibiotics was infused through from ventricular drain, which was inserted through the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle to spiral drainage. His state of consciousness improved, and he was able to live at home.

Conclusion:

Our proposed novel continuous irrigation therapy may lead to a positive outcome in brain abscesses.
Unexpected complication after lumbar disc surgery, peripheral facial paralysis due to pneumocephalus: A case report
Authors: Kale Aydemir , Balaban Zeynep , Asadov İmran
Published: February 2025

Background:

Pneumocephalus, characterized by air in the cranial cavity, is a rare condition typically associated with surgical procedures but may also result from trauma, infection, or spontaneously. Cranial nerve palsies following pneumocephalus are seldom documented in the literature, and, in particular, facial nerve palsies due to pneumocephalus following lumbar spine surgery have not yet been reported.

Case Description:

A 47-year-old male patient underwent surgery due to a herniated disc. Isolated grade 4 facial palsy, according to the House–Brackmann scale, on the left side developed after surgery. Computed tomography revealed pneumocephalus in the basal cisterns. The patient was treated without any problems conservatively.

Conclusion:

While most cases are due to intracranial surgery, pneumocephalus caused by spinal surgery is extremely rare. Pneumocephalus usually occurs without symptoms but can occasionally be accompanied by headaches and rarely leads to focal neurological or cranial nerve deficits. This case emphasizes the importance of considering pneumocephalus as a possible complication after spinal surgery and highlights its rare association with cranial nerve deficits.
2023 Kahramanmaraş Deprem Fayları üzerinde Gözlemler ve Değerlendirmeler / Field Data and Some Thoughts on the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes Faults
Authors: Yılmaz Yücel , Gürer Ömer Feyzi , Yiğitbaş Erdinç
Published: February 2025

Kara alanlarında etkili en büyük depremlerden biri bir deprem çifti olarak (6 Şubat 2023; Kahramanmaraş Mw:7,8 ve Ekinözü Mw:7,6) Kahramanmaraş çevresini vurmuş ve büyük bir felakete neden olmuştur. Depremlerin ardından uydu kaynaklı verilere ve bilgisayar modellemelerine yaslı çok sayıda yayın yapılmıştır. Bu modeller ise çoğunlukla birbirleriyle çelişmektedir.

Üzerinden uzunca bir süre geçtikten sonra depremlere yol açan ana fay sistemlerine ve bunlara yol açan tektonik rejimlerin neler olduğu konusuna saha bazlı verilerin ışığında yeni bir bakış açısıyla bakmanın yararlı ve gerekli olduğu düşüncesi bu yayının başlıca kaynağı olmuştur.

6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş depremlerine etkileri olan faylar, Anadolu ve çevresinde bilinen bölgesel ölçekli yanal atımlı büyük şu fayların bu bölgeye olan uzantılarıdır; Doğu Anadolu Transform Fayı, Ölü Deniz Transform Fayı, Antakya Transform Fayı, Sarız-Saimbeyli Mega Makaslama Zonu fayları, Önülke Kıvrım-Şaryaj Kuşağı fayları ve Karasu Grabeni’nin sınır fayları. Bu fayların etkileşimlerinin depremlerin büyüklüğünü arttırdığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Assigning the Stereochemistry of Natural Products by Machine Learning
Authors: Orsi Markus , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: February 2025

Nature has settled for L-chirality for proteinogenic amino acids and D-chirality for the carbohydrate backbone of nucleotides. Here we asked the question whether stereochemical patterns might also exist among natural products (NPs) such that their stereochemistry could be assigned automatically. Indeed, we report that a language model can be trained to assign the stereochemistry of NPs using the open access NP database COCONUT. In detail, our language model, called NPstereo, translates an NP structure written as absolute SMILES into the corresponding isomeric SMILES notation containing stereochemical information with 80.1% per-stereocenter accuracy for full assignments and 86.3% per-stereocenter accuracy for partial assignments across various NP classes including secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, polyketides, lipids and terpenes. NPstereo might be useful to assign or correct the stereochemistry of newly discovered NPs.
Photosynthetic Reaction Center: A Nonergodic, Dynamically Anisotropic, and Nonlinear Charge-Transport Engine
Authors: Pirnia Mohammad Mehdi , Matyushov Dmitry
Published: February 2025

We ask the question of what is special about photosynthetic reaction-center proteins as media for transporting electrons across the lipid membrane. Ergodicity is broken for the statistics of electrostatic fluctuations in the heliobacterial reaction center studied here by atomistic simulations. It is not restored on the simulation time scale of ~ 1 us, and it allows low activation barriers for electron hops. The medium dynamics are highly anisotropic (depending on the oxidation state) at cofactors sites allowing unidirectional flow of charge. This nonlinear response of the protein to altering oxidation state combines with coupling of cofactor polarizabilities to strong intra-protein electric fields. Nonparabolic and nonergodic free energy surfaces of electron transfer allow low-barrier charge conductivity in proteins.
Chemical functionalization of a unique 2D material – Computational prediction for cyclooctyne on the biphenylene network
Authors: Weiske Hendrik , Tonner-Zech Ralf
Published: February 2025

The chemical functionalization of the biphenylene network with the organic adsorbate cyclooctyne is predicted using density functional theory. As a novel 2D material, the biphenylene network has attracted a lot of attention in the material science community due to possible applications in superconductivity, photocatalysis, or hydrogen storage. First studies show the decoration of the biphenylene network using metal atoms, hydrogenation, or the adsorption of simple molecules like CO2. However, covalent functionalization of the material is an unsolved challenge, which could allow tailoring of the material's properties owing to the variability of organic adsorbates. We show that the biphenylene network can be functionalized with cyclooctyne by exploiting its strained triple bond. The reaction mechanism proceeds via the asynchronous [2+2] cycloaddition found for cyclooctyne adsorption before using the energy decomposition analysis for extended systems (pEDA). Chemical functionalization leads to a coverage-dependent change in the effective band structure with the disappearance of the type II Dirac cone known for pristine biphenylene for higher coverages. A brief comparison with other 2D carbon materials shows the high reactivity of the biphenylene network, making it a promising first study for exploring new avenues for the creation of novel functional materials and interfaces and the chemical tuning of their electronic structure.
Revealing Charge Accumulation Mechanisms in Organic Materials via Slow Transient Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Oyama Ryoko , Kawaguchi Kaede , Moshniaha Liliia , Narayana Yemineni S. L. V. , Madea Dominik , Mitrofanov Kirill , Suchiang Harley , Jose Amal , Kabe Ryota
Published: February 2025

Long-persistent luminescent (LPL) materials store photon energy as charge and emit light over extended periods due to charge recombination. The LPL decay profiles follow a power-law rather than an exponential decay, enabling the confirmation of charge accumulation from the emission decay characteristics. While charge generation in organic materials has primarily been discussed in the context of photo-induced charge separation at electron donor-acceptor (D/A) interfaces, charge generation in single-component luminescent materials has not been extensively addressed. Here, we investigated the mechanism of charge generation in organic solids by dispersing the same luminescent material in various host media and performing slow transient emission analyses. This approach allowed us to evaluate ionization through accumulated triplet excited states and detect extremely weak charge accumulation, which is challenging with conventional transient analyses.
All-Solution-Processed Mid-Infrared Electrochromics (ASPIRE) for Thermoregulation with Arbitrary Curvatures
Authors: Hung Pei-Jan , Li Qizhang , Chen Ting-Hsuan , Fu Ching-Tai , Han Yu , Wu Ronghui , Yan Gangbin , Fan Qingsong , Liu Jiadong , Huang Pin-Ruei , Chen Yuanke , Sui Chenxi , Higueros Genesis , Flores Alex , Shi Fengyuan , Hsu Po-Chun
Published: February 2025

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) electrochromism is a promising technology that enables new ways to control radiative heat, which is particularly crucial for applications such as building thermoregulation efficiency, industrial process efficiency, spacecraft thermal engineering, and personal heat management. However, most mid-IR electrochromic devices are fabricated on planar substrates with fixed surface topography. When these planar devices are applied to three-dimensional and arbitrarily curved objects, they cannot fully conform to the objects’ surfaces, leaving an air gap and, thus, substantial thermal contact resistance that significantly compromises the efficacy of radiative thermoregulation. To address this long-standing issue, in this study, we developed a fabrication methodology that enables all-solution-processed electrochromic devices on the surface of arbitrarily curved 3D objects, effectively transforming the object surface into an electrically variable emittance layer. The key components are poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the active layer and charge storage layer, separated by the heterogeneous mixed ionic-electronic conductor consisting of HNO3-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAM)/lithium chloride (LiCl), all of which conform to the object surface layer-by-layer. The mid-IR electrochromic device exhibits an apparent temperature difference of 6.1 ℃ by adjusting emissivity on the planar substrate and 1.8 ℃ on the curved substrates. Our work demonstrates a promising approach and platform to achieve outward-facing flexible electrochromic cells with broad scientific and technological impacts on light and heat management.
A p-type Cu2O Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Bae Sanghyun , Moehl Thomas , Yong David , Zeng Peng , Tilley David
Published: February 2025

The development of efficient, stable, and Earth-abundant photoanodes for solar water oxidation is critical to advancing photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic systems for large-scale renewable fuel production. Here, we demonstrate that p-type Cu2O, typically studied as a photocathode material, can be used as a high performance photoanode through judicious engineering of charge carrier-selective contacts on thermally oxidized Cu2O sheets. The introduction of Ga2O3, TiO2, and ITO layers as an electron-selective back contact, combined with Al2O3, Au, and Ni front layers, significantly enhanced the charge separation and electron transfer efficiency. The champion Cu2O photoanode exhibited a photocurrent density of 8.65 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode in alkaline media—the highest reported for metal oxide photoanodes—while maintaining excellent stability over 30 hours. Moreover, the photoanode demonstrated remarkable photoelectrochemical performance under neutral pH conditions. These findings highlight the pivotal role of charge carrier-selective interface engineering in broadening the scope of available semiconductor materials for photo(electro)catalytic oxidation reactions, irrespective of the doping type of the light-absorbing material.
The Optimal Arm Length for Star Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Cui Feichen , Xie Zhi-Kun , Wu Jixin , Zhang Yue , Zhang Zhengyang , Fu Jun , Shang Rongliang , Ruan Yifu , Liu Gengxin , Wang Yanming , Xie Jin , Yan Jiajun , Qiao Bo
Published: February 2025

The wide application of lithium batteries requires safe and stable electrolyte materials. Recently, there has been an emergence of advanced polymer electrolytes that combine polyethylene oxide with other components in complex architectures including block, bottlebrush, and star structures. However, the conduction mechanisms within these non-linear architectures are yet to be rigorously examined and there lack transferable principles to aid the design and optimization of polymer electrolytes with non-linear architectures. Therefore, in this work, we utilized star polymer as an example to obtain fundamental understandings on how the desired high ionic conductivity evolves with the changes in the arm structures of star polymers. Specifically, we identified a delicate balance between the high flexibility provided by long arms and the low crystallinity caused by shorter arms, leading to an optimal chain length for ion-conduction. Based upon this finding, we proposed a set of general design rules that we anticipate could inform the designs of other polymer electrolytes with complex architectures moving forward.
Probing the Depths: Experimental and Simulated Insights into Nanoscale AFM-IR Imaging of Complex Heterogeneous Structures
Authors: Zhang Yide , Yilmaz Ufuk , Vorobev Artem S. , Iadanza Simone , O’Faolain Liam , Lendl Bernhard , Ramer Georg
Published: February 2025

Nanoscale chemical imaging enabled by atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) provides valuable insights into the complex structures and chemical compositions of materials and biological samples. While AFM-IR has been applied to subsurface imaging, the underlying mechanisms, particularly in complex, heterogeneous structures, remain underexplored. This study presents a theoretical analysis and experimental validation of AFM-IR for imaging subsurface features within organic multilayer structures, revealing previously unobserved differences in imaging broadening. An analytical model based on the sample geometry demonstrates that the lateral size of the absorber significantly impacts both the signal intensity and spatial resolution in AFM-IR chemical imaging. These findings are experimentally validated, and a more true to (sample) reality finite element method (FEM) model was subsequently created, resulting in strong agreement with the experimental data. The model reveals how irregular structures directly impact photothermal expansion, providing an explanation for the distinct image broadening observed with infrared excitation of different layers. Additionally, a linear relationship is observed between feature size, chemical images, and AFM-IR signal intensity. These findings contribute significantly to the understanding of the AFM-IR signal, providing insights into resolution, sensitivity, and paving the way for more advanced nanoscale chemical imaging capabilities.
Percepción de la calidad del servicio turístico del Pueblo Mágico El Fuerte, Sinaloa: una evaluación econométrica de elección ordenada
Authors: Martínez Elizabeth Olmos , Velarde Valdez Mónica , Almendarez Hernández Marco Antonio
Published: February 2025

La calidad del servicio ofrecido en un destino turístico es primoridal para conocer su experiencia como elemento fundamental para la satisfacción y fidelización del cliente. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo evaluar la calidad del servicio que ofrecen los prestadores de servicios turísticos en el Pueblo Mágico de El Fuerte, Sinaloa a través de un análisis econométrico de elección ordenada y desde la perspectiva de los turistas y visitantes. La investigación es cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal. Se aplicó la metodología SERVQUAL; a través de la cual se analiza la percepción de la calidad del servicio prestado a partir de cinco dimensiones con diferentes criterios; el instrumento consta de 22 ítems en escala de Likert el cual fue aplicado a 383 turistas y visitantes que consumieron servicios en los diferentes establecimientos. El método estadístico usado fue el análisis de componentes principales con rotación varimax y para el enfoque econométrico se utilizaron modelos de elección ordenados, mediante el cual se obtuvieron cuatro componentes: 1) servicio de personal; 2) servicio rápido y oportuno; 3) elementos tangibles y; 4) capacitación. Sin embargo, solo los tres primeros componentes resultaron estadísticamente significativos a los niveles convencionales en el modelo Logit ordenado. Los resultados muestran que la calidad del servicio que se ofrece en El Fuerte es buena, ya que los componentes 1, 2 y 3 tuvieron un impacto positivo en la calidad de los servicios de manera general. Se concluye que quienes no aprecian la calidad del servicio se concentran en la capacitación, rubro en el que se encuentran diversas áreas de oportunidad. Se considera que esta investigación es original y tiene el potencial de contribuir a la toma de decisiones informada y la mejora de la experiencia del turista.
DROUGHT RISK ANALYSIS USING SPI FOR EFFECTIVE AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS’ AND WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OVER VICTORIA STATE, AUSTRALIA
Authors: Hlalele Bernard Moeketsi
Published: February 2025

Drought is a gradual and persistent hazard resulting from below-average precipitation, which poses a threat to various economic sectors and human life as a whole. This external and insurable risk predominantly affects agriculture and water resource management projects, causing a ripple effect across related sectors and operations. The objective of this study was to analyse drought risk in the Victoria State of Australia using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to monitor and characterize drought occurrences, with the aim of safeguarding and enhancing agricultural and water resource management initiatives. The SPI methodology was employed, computing four temporal scales (SPI-3, 6, 12, and 24) for assessing both agricultural and hydrological drought. The findings indicate a consistent pattern across most stations, revealing significant declines in SPI values on various time scales, suggesting an escalation in drought severity in the near future. Although there is some optimism for agriculture and related projects in the region, caution is warranted due to the decreasing trends observed in SPI-3 and 6. On the other hand, SPI-12 and 24 clearly demonstrate that severe droughts have already affected all stations, with the potential for even more severe episodes in the future. Consequently, it is imperative for the government and relevant stakeholders to exercise extreme caution in water usage, as irresponsible or excessive consumption could have adverse effects on water-intensive projects and activities in the area.
SOIL COMPACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON SOIL PROPERTIES, MICROBIOME, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION AND PLANT ROOT GROWTH
Authors: Bhatt Poonam , Raj Giri Prashant , Napari Balchisu
Published: February 2025

Soil compaction, a significant agricultural issue due to heavy machinery uses and pressures for frequent tramplings, alters soil properties, leading to erosion, nutrient depletion, and pollution. Factors such as soil water content, bulk density, and texture determine soil susceptibility to compaction. This review paper addresses the knowledge gap on the impact of compaction on soil functioning, crop yield, and the environment, focusing on the soil microbiome, greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon storage. Root penetration is crucial for plant growth, but compacted soil limits water and nutrient access, reducing yields. Soil compaction management strategies include restricted traffic patterns, organic matter addition, and using plants like alfalfa to break compacted zones and promote macropore formation. Earthworm activity and proper crop management also help mitigate compaction effects. Soil compaction jeopardizes the soil microbiome’s role in nutrient cycling and plant productivity, disrupting soil fertility, carbon storage, and greenhouse gas emissions. It also hinders soil carbon sequestration, impairing the potential carbon sink and contributing to increased atmospheric greenhouse gases. This comprehensive review paper contributes valuable insights for designing sustainable agricultural practices prioritizing soil health, ecosystem resilience, and food security.
EVALUATION OF SPLIT APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM AND NITROGEN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WINTER MAIZE HYBRID AT RAMPUR, CHITWAN
Authors: Ghimire Kamal , Bhandari Nisha , Regmi Bamdev , Jaiswal Manshi
Published: February 2025

Nutrient management practices significantly impact crop productivity and economics. A field experiment was conducted in the winter season of 2019-2020 in the sub-tropical climate of inner Terai, Nepal, using a split-plot design with three replications. The main plots included three potassium application methods: 0 kg K2O ha-1, 60 kg K2O ha-1 as basal, and 60 kg K2O ha-1 in two splits. The subplots involved five nitrogen application methods: 0 kg N ha-1, and 180 kg N ha-1 applied in different splits. Data on growth, yield attributes, yield, economics, nutrient use, uptake, and efficiency were collected. The results showed that grain and stover yield did not vary with different potassium application methods. The highest grain yield (6896.40 kg ha-1) was achieved with 90 kg N ha-1 at 15 DAS followed by 45 kg N ha-1 each at knee-high and tasseling stages. This yield was statistically similar to the method with 90 kg N ha-1 at basal and 45 kg N ha-1 each at knee-high and tasseling stages. Overall, yield attributes were similar across nitrogen treatments. The highest nutrient uptake was observed with the same nitrogen application method that produced the highest yield. Thus, applying 90 kg N ha-1 at 15 DAS followed by 45 kg N ha-1 at knee-high and tasseling stages is recommended for similar soils and climates as in Chitwan.
ARE FARMERS USING MOBILE APPLICATION FOR AGRO-ADVISORY SERVICES: EVIDENCE FROM DEVCHULI MUNICIPALITY, NAWALPARASI EAST
Authors: Tiwar Birendra , . Amrit Dumre , Jaishi Mahesh
Published: February 2025

Mobile-based application, an important tool of Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become one of the integral parts of agro-advisory services in Nepal. This paper aims to explore the factors affecting the adoption of mobile-based applications for agro-advisory services in Devchuli Municipality Nawalpur. 96 farmers from 8 wards of the municipality were selected randomly and interviewed by using a semi structured close-ended questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, index score ranking method, and binary logistic regression model were used for data analysis. It was found that respondents use mobile applications to receive information on cultivation practice, plant protection, post-harvest, modern agriculture technology, market, weather forecast, and information regarding insurance, subsidy, and training. Age and year of schooling significantly affect the adoption of mobile-based applications. Mobile applications seem as one of the potent tools to strengthen the agro-advisory services in the municipality.
SCREENING FOR MAIZE RESISTANT GENOTYPES AGAINST STALK BORERS’ (Sesamia calamistis Hampson) INFESTATION IN MINNA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: G.A Idowu, , R.O Oyewale, , B.S Jiboh, , M.H Bolajoko, , H.M Ibrahim, , A.K Bello,
Published: February 2025

The experiment was conducted at the screenhouse of the Department of Crop production, Federal University of Technology Minna, (Gidan Kwano Campus) Niger state. The maize genotypes were obtained from the International Institution of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Oyo state while the stem borer larvae were reared at the Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Kaduna state. Average infested plants were converted to percentage infestation. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out using Minitab Package and the significant means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result revealed that maize genotypes under stem borer infestation showed significant variations in plant height and stem diameter at various weeks under study. Result also showed significant variation among genotypes for yield parameters although number of days to silking showed no variation among treatments. MG-J had the least significant number of days to tasseling, MG-A recorded the highest number of ears followed by MG-S. It was concluded that MG-H and MG-S had the lowest rate of infestation. MG-C and MG-A had the highest grain yields among the genotypes. Therefore, MG-H and MG-S were recommended as tolerant maize genotypes while MG-C and MG-S were also recommended as high yielding maize genotypes among other genotypes under study.
HYDROPONICS: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES IN SOILLESS FARMING
Authors: . Lokendra Khatri , Kunwar Adhiraj , Raj Bist Dipak
Published: February 2025

Hydroponics, a soilless method of raising plants using mineral nutrient solutions, represents an important innovation in modern agriculture. This review covers the advantages and challenges associated with hydroponic farming, attempting to provide a full understanding of its potential as an alternative to traditional soil-based agriculture. The major benefits of hydroponics include effective resource management, particularly water and space; increased yields due to controlled settings; and lower pesticide use, leading to sustainable farming practices. However, the adoption of hydroponics is limited by expensive initial setup costs, technological difficulties, and large energy requirements. Effective nutrient management and disease control remain significant problems. This study explores current trends and breakthroughs, such as AI-driven hydroponics, remote cultivation, and the integration of IoT in vertical farming, highlighting the revolutionary potential of these technologies. By overcoming the existing challenges through research and development, hydroponics can play a key role in improving food production, especially in urban areas with limited arable land.
POTATO LATE BLIGHT CAUSED BY PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS; AN OVERVIEW ON PATHOLOGY, INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES, AND FORECASTING MODELS
Authors: Lamichhane Sujan , Neupane Smarika , Timsina Samiksha , Chapagain Bishal , Paudel Padam Prasad , Rimal Aalok
Published: February 2025

Late Blight of potato, caused by fungal pathogen Phytophthora infestans, is a highly destructive disease that affects potato crops on a global scale. The pathogen, P. infestans, shows a complex biology, with both sexual and asexual life cycles that involve the production of hardy oospores. The symptoms of late blight are severe, leading to the destruction of foliage and the rotting of tubers during storage. The interaction between Phytophthora infestans and its host plants is a complex interplay of molecular and physiological mechanisms. Understanding these intricate processes is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat this devastating pathogen, as it continuously evolves to overcome plant defenses, posing ongoing challenges to agriculture. To effectively manage this disease, an integrated disease management (IDM) approach is necessary, which combines cultural practices, host resistance, biological control agents, and judicious chemical control measures. Eliminating sources of inoculum through strict sanitation, utilizing resistant cultivars, employing biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma spp., and implementing fungicide schedules are essential components of this approach. Furthermore, incorporating genes that confer resistance from wild relatives into commercial cultivars also facilitates efficient disease management. Accurate disease forecasting models incorporate weather data and serve as invaluable tools for decision support, optimizing the timing and economics of fungicide applications. Models like BLITECAST, JHULSACAST, and advanced process-based systems are continuously being improved. This comprehensive review explores the latest research on this devastating oomycete pathogen, providing valuable perspectives for scientists, breeders, growers, and forecasting models involved in sustainable late blight management.
COMBINED EFFECT OF VARIED NITROGEN LEVELS AND CULTIVARS ON CAULIFLOWER YIELD AND NITROGEN DYNAMICS IN SOIL
Authors: . M. Yasmin , . M.S. Rahman
Published: February 2025

Cauliflower is one of the most consumed vegetables, but its low production is a significant issue in Bangladesh. Cauliflower production may be declining due to a number of factors, including less frequently use of high-yielding color cultivars and inadequate nitrogen fertilizer dosages. The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur, Bangladesh to assess the response of different nitrogen dose and cultivar on curd yield of cauliflower and to find out suitable combination for commercial production. Twelve treatments were tested including four nitrogen doses (0, 80, 100, 120 % RDN) and three cauliflower cultivars [Yellow cauliflower (Carotena), Purple cauliflower (Valentena) and white cauliflower (White Mountain)]. The results showed that, the highest curd yield (19.83 t ha-1) and highest MBCR (4.01) were obtained from treatment combination of (N100 x Yellow) which was significantly higher than control (N0 x White) combination (11.04 t ha-1). Moreover, application of 100% N registered the highest apparent gain in soil available N irrespective of cultivar response. Therefore, the combination of an optimum level of nitrogen (100 % RDN) and Yellow cauliflower cultivar (Carotena) may be recommended for the commercial production of cauliflower.
LEGITIMACY DEFICIT AND INSTITUTIONAL FAILURE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF UKRAINE: CHALLENGES AND WAYS TO OVERCOME
Authors: Kononenko Nataliia , Kononenko Oleh
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the institutional capacity and legitimacy of governmental structures in Ukraine, particularly in the context of the current war. The main problem that undermines the effectiveness of the government is the regulatory and legal traps that arise from unreformed mechanisms of relations between the branches of government. The author analyzes these traps in the examples of interaction between the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the President, and how it affects decision-making. The author considers the duality of executive leadership as a key problem when both the president and the prime minister have the authority to manage the government, which creates a blurred system of responsibility and destabilizes the political process in general. The issue of the lack of a clear mechanism of government control by parliament, in particular through the institution of a coalition, is highlighted, which deepens the crisis of legitimacy. The traps are exacerbated by the possibility of the government functioning without an approved program, which reduces political responsibility. The author assesses political practices and inter-institutional relations in European countries (France and Germany) to compare their governance systems with the Ukrainian ones. It is demonstrated that in Ukraine the system of interaction between the parliament and the government is less effective, which undermines democratic principles. The conclusions about the need for fundamental changes in the legal framework to eliminate the opacity of political practices in Ukraine and to remove restrictions on the activities of the Ukrainian government to increase its ability to respond effectively to challenges, in particular against the backdrop of war and in the context of post-war reconstruction, are argued.