bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy + Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation may Improve Outcomes in Esophageal Cancer
Authors:   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / Onco'Zine, Garcia Danielle , Hofland Peter ,   Sunvalley Communication, LLC / Onco'Zine
Published: November 2024

In patients diagnosed with unresectable, locally advanced esophageal cancer, the triple combination of radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy made tumors more amenable to surgery, which was associated with significantly improved outcomes, including a better survival rate rather compared to non-surgical treatment alone.
Esse não é mais um artigo sobre crise da democracia
Authors: Terenzi Gabriel Vieira , Gregianin Letícia Scheidt , Alves Fernando de Brito
Published: November 2024

Diante da crescente preocupação com a qualidade e o futuro das democracias contemporâneas, a produção acadêmica internacional tem se dedicado cada vez mais ao tema da crise democrática. Nesse contexto, surge um interesse considerável em analisar e comparar os diversos diagnósticos propostos por diferentes autores sobre esse fenômeno. Este artigo propõe uma análise comparativa dos diagnósticos de crise democrática elaborados por Adam Przeworski, Chris Thornhill, David Runciman, Larry Diamond e Manuel Castells, especialmente após os eventos de 2016. O objetivo é identificar e comparar as abordagens desses autores, buscando padrões e divergências. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados indicam que, embora haja consenso sobre a existência de uma crise, as causas e soluções propostas variam consideravelmente, refletindo as distintas tradições democráticas de cada autor. Conclui-se que a crise da democracia é multifacetada, influenciada por fatores como o populismo, o desgaste das instituições e a polarização política.
Controle reprodutivo e aborto
Authors: Delajustine Ana Claudia
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo aborda a gestão estatal do aborto, por meio da criminalização, como uma estratégia biopolítica de controle sobre corpos femininos individuais e de gestão do corpo social. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: abordar a relação da biopolítica e do capitalismo com o controle reprodutivo, com análise histórica do período de caça às bruxas; compreender os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos a partir da interseccionalidade; e analisar a atuação da manutenção do controle reprodutivo no Brasil por meio da clandestinidade do aborto. Como hipótese, considera a manutenção do aborto como fundamental para o controle biopolítico dos corpos femininos, intensificado pelo patriarcalismo. Utiliza, na investigação, o método histórico de abordagem e o método indutivo de procedimento.
Uma visão crítica da saúde do sono
Authors: Fernandes Guilherme Luiz
Published: November 2024

Pesquisas epidemiológicas mostram que as últimas décadas foram marcadas por prevalência elevada de distúrbios e problemas de sono, como a duração inadequada de sono, insônia e sonolência excessiva diurna. Entretanto, as estratégias empregadas para o combate dessa “epidemia” foram largamente ineficazes, especialmente em um âmbito populacional. Levanta-se a hipótese que uma das principais medidas elaboradas para conter essa crise, a higiene do sono, não leva em conta as mediações históricas, sociais, políticas e econômicas que incidem e determinam o comportamento de dormir. Esse ensaio busca resgatar, por meio de revisão narrativa, etapas importantes no desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista e seus efeitos na inserção do sono na sociedade. Por fim, propõe-se um diálogo de conceito de saúde que leve em consideração as dinâmicas que geram os conflitos, que por consequência, pioram o sono da população.
A Margem Equatorial no contexto da diversificação energética
Authors: Barros Filho Allan Kardec Duailibe
Published: November 2024

Enquanto a oferta e a diversidade das fontes energéticas no mundo inteiro aumentam em ritmo frenético, testemunhamos igualmente uma demanda exponencial por energia — tanto da parte de países pobres quanto daqueles em condições de bem-estar social privilegiadas. Ainda assim, a intelectualidade nacional e internacional abraçou, com espírito crítico ou questionamento limitados, o termo transição energética — fato que não aconteceu nos últimos dois séculos de história das fontes energéticas. Nesse contexto, fazemos aqui a revisão de alguns trabalhos de nossa autoria e apresentamos alguns argumentos favoráveis à exploração da Margem Equatorial Brasileira (MEQ) e sua importância para a distribuição de riqueza, emprego e renda para a região mais pobre do Brasil: o Arco Norte.
Estudos regulatórios para a certificação do hidrogênio verde no Brasil
Authors: Gabrielli José Sérgio , Tokarski André Pereira R.
Published: November 2024

O hidrogênio ocupa hoje uma posição estratégica para a transição energética. Após décadas sendo considerado uma fonte de energia disruptiva e de grande potencial, o hidrogênio verde (H2V) tem sido aposta de algumas das maiores economias do mundo, que o produzem pela rota eletrolítica ou com baixa emissão de carbono como uma opção para o cumprimento das metas climáticas. Este artigo busca avaliar as oportunidades para a regulação do processo de certificação do hidrogênio verde no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de uma metodologia qualitativa e de revisão bibliográfica. As conclusões indicam a necessidade de estabelecer sistemas confiáveis de certificação para a produção de H2V e seus produtos derivados. Sem padrões internacionais definidos para a certificação, é improvável que o comércio de hidrogênio renovável se desenvolva plenamente. Como próximos passos de pesquisa, sugerimos investigar a extensão do sistema de certificação e a uniformização de seus critérios e alcances.
Internacionalização em casa nas instituições de ensino superior brasileiras
Authors: Souza Valeska Virgínia Soares , Freire Junior José Celso
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo, compartilhamos alguns resultados de um estudo no âmbito da internacionalização do Ensino Superior (ES), com foco na internacionalização em casa (IaH). Nosso objetivo foi mapear as práticas de internacionalização em casa das instituições de ensino superior brasileiras participantes da pesquisa e conhecer as percepções dos participantes com relação ao processo geral de internacionalização e, especialmente, às práticas de IaH no ambiente institucional. As 81 respostas ao questionário aplicado evidenciaram que a IaH é concebida como caminhos alternativos, além da mobilidade física, considerando as demandas da sociedade do conhecimento, da cidadania global e dos currículos. Também permitiram a identificação de temas recorrentes, a saber: barreiras e dificuldades na implementação de ações, além da escassez de financiamento e de recursos governamentais; conscientização do que pode ser feito em termos de IaH, particularmente no contexto favorável da pandemia da COVID-19, que forçou as instituições a pensar em diferentes formas de internacionalização sem mobilidade física; instituições em estágios embrionários e incipientes demonstrando reconhecimento da importância da IaH; menções à relevância de uma perspectiva inclusiva, afrocêntrica, decolonial, multicultural, plurilíngue e para a cidadania global. Os participantes apontaram o desejo de promover onze ações de internacionalização diferentes mais frequentemente do que de fato o fazem e acrescentaram as ações relacionadas ao idioma como extremamente relevantes no caminho para a internacionalização.
Black and Indigenous freedom dreaming as critical educational policy praxis
Authors: Stewart Nathaniel D.
Published: November 2024

This article centers on freedom dreaming as a critical approach to educational policy studies. I examined how one Black and Indigenous American educator activist collective’s conversations linked freedom dreaming to critical praxis. Educational policy studies would benefit from centering on Black and Indigenous knowledges especially if scholars aim to dismantle interlocking systems of oppression. I used a multiple-conversation and relational design to explore the concept of freedom dreaming within and between Black and Indigenous educator activist’s commonalities, tensions, affirmations, and extensions. The findings of the study reveal three key praxis examples: protection, connection, and sustainment. Protection praxis represents an insularly space for individuals to express their experiences and resist oppression, leading to collective healing. Connection praxis highlights the acts of freedom dreaming in building linkages between and among policy actors, their ancestors, and younger generations. Sustainment praxis emphasizes how freedom dreaming energizes the work of educational justice movements, promoting coalition-building and intergenerational invitation. This study’s knowledge co-creation implicates shifting the fulcrum towards Black and Indigenous conceptualizations of practicality and illuminating power maldistribution. To conclude, I offer a freedom dreaming praxis manifesto to render knowledge co-creation answerable to my comrades and similarly-situated collectives.
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Korean Occupational Questionnaire
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Kim Ji-Hye , Lee Sun-Wook , Kim Eun Young
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the Korean Occupational Questionnaire (K-OQ), by culturally adapting the Occupational Questionnaire (OQ), and investigate the validity and reliability of the K-OQ. Methods: The OQ was translated into Korean and modified by a panel of experts. The K-OQ was finalized after a cognitive interview. The K-OQ and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) scores were measured in 188 adults, and the K-OQ was retested in 41 participants. Results: During the development of the K-OQ, three major modifications were made: first, the options for the OQ activity type items were changed to work, activities of daily living, leisure/play, rest/sleep, and education; second, the K-OQ mandated a full 24-hour recording; and third, an item for the social value of activities was included. The validity testing of the K-OQ showed that life satisfaction significantly correlated, in sequence, with interests, personal causality, and values. The test-retest reliability of the K-OQ is moderate to very high. Conclusion: The K-OQ has appropriate validity and reliability, and can be used in practical settings in Korea.
The weak Harnack inequality for unbounded minimizers of elliptic functionals with generalized Orlicz growth
Authors: Ciani Simone , Henriques Eurica , Skrypnik Igor I.
Published: November 2024

In this work we prove that the non-negative functions

u
∈

L
loc
s

⁢

(
Ω
)

{u\in L^{s}_{\rm loc}(\Omega)}

, for some

s
>
0

{s>0}

, belonging to the De Giorgi classes

⨍

B

r
⁢

(

1
-
σ

)

⁢

(

x
0

)

|
∇

(
u
-
k
)

-

|
p

d
x
⩽

c

σ
q

Λ

(

x
0

,
r
,
k
)

(

k
r

)

p

(

|

B
r

(

x
0

)

∩

{
u
⩽
k
}

|

|

B
r

⁢

(

x
0

)

|

)

1
-
δ

,

\barint_{B_{r(1-\sigma)}(x_{0})}|\nabla(u-k)_{-}|^{p}\,dx\leqslant\frac{c}{%
\sigma^{q}}\,\Lambda(x_{0},r,k)\bigg{(}\frac{k}{r}\bigg{)}^{p}\bigg{(}\frac{|B%
_{r}(x_{0})\cap\{u\leqslant k\}|}{|B_{r}(x_{0})|}\bigg{)}^{1-\delta},

under proper assumptions on Λ, satisfy a weak Harnack inequality with a constant depending on the

L
s

{L^{s}}

-norm of u. Under suitable assumptions on Λ, the minimizers of elliptic functionals with generalized Orlicz growth belong to De Giorgi classes satisfying the above condition; thus this study gives a wider interpretation of Harnack-type estimates derived to double-phase, degenerate double-phase functionals and functionals with variable exponents.
Zaremba problem with degenerate weights
Authors: Balci Anna Kh. , Lee Ho-Sik
Published: November 2024

We present new regularity result in the study of elliptic equations with mixed boundary conditions. We obtain small higher integrability of the gradient (Meyers property). The result is new for both linear and nonlinear equations with degenerate coefficients with a new sharp Maz’ya-type capacity condition on the part with Dirichlet boundary condition, while prior research was limited to uniformly elliptic weights.
Transformer learning-based neural network algorithms for identification and detection of electronic bullying in social media
Authors: Alsaade Fawaz Waselallah , Alzahrani Mohammed Saeed
Published: November 2024

The global phenomenon known as cyberbullying is a form of modern harassment that cannot be entirely stopped but can be avoided. Most current solutions to the cyberbullying problem have relied on tools and methods to identify online bullying. However, end users do not have free access to these tools. The goal of this study is to create a model to combat cyberbullying on social media sites based on users’ appearance. In this article, we present a cyberbullying detection system constructed using the Word2Vec word-embedding method and a deep learning convolutional neural network combined with bidirectional long short-term memory (CNN-BiLSTM), as well as the XLM-Roberta transformer, to develop a model for cyberbullying detection. We carried out two experiments based on binary (hate speech or non-hate speech bullying comments) and multiclass (religion, age, gender, ethnicity, and non-bullying tweets) datasets collected from Kaggle online discussions and Twitter. To evaluate the model’s performance, we used standard measurement metrics, such as precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy. Through a comparison of the results, it is noted that the XLM-Roberta model outperformed the CNN-BiLSTM model, resulting in 84% accuracy using the Kaggle online discussion dataset and 94% accuracy using the Twitter dataset.
Nilpotent perturbations of m-isometric and m-symmetric tensor products of commuting d-tuples of operators
Authors: Duggal Bhagwati Prashad , Kim In Hyoun
Published: November 2024

If

T

1

{{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}

and

T

2

{{\mathbb{T}}}_{2}

are commuting

d

d

-tuples of Hilbert space operators in

B

(

ℋ

)

d

B{\left({\mathcal{ {\mathcal H} }})}^{d}

such that

(

T

1

*

⊗
I
+
I
⊗

T

2

*

,

T

1

⊗
I
+
I
⊗

T

2

)

\left({{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}^{* }\otimes I+I\otimes {{\mathbb{T}}}_{2}^{* },{{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}\otimes I+I\otimes {{\mathbb{T}}}_{2})

is strictly

m

m

-isometric (resp.,

m

m

-symmetric) for some positive integer

m

m

, then there exist a scalar

d

d

-tuple

λ

\lambda

and positive integers

m

i

{m}_{i}

,

1
≤
i
≤
2

1\le i\le 2

, such that

m
=

m

1

+
2

m

2

−
2

m={m}_{1}+2{m}_{2}-2

,

(

T

1

*

+

λ

¯

,

T

1

+
λ

)

\left({{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}^{* }+\overline{\lambda },{{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}+\lambda )

is

m

1

{m}_{1}

isometric, and

T

2

−
λ

{{\mathbb{T}}}_{2}-\lambda

is

m

2

{m}_{2}

-nilpotent (resp.,

m
=

m

1

+

m

2

−
1

m={m}_{1}+{m}_{2}-1

,

(

T

1

*

+

λ

¯

,

T

1

+
λ

)

\left({{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}^{* }+\overline{\lambda },{{\mathbb{T}}}_{1}+\lambda )

is

m

1

{m}_{1}

-symmetric and

(

T

2

*

−

λ

¯

,

T

2

−
λ

)

\left({{\mathbb{T}}}_{2}^{* }-\overline{\lambda },{{\mathbb{T}}}_{2}-\lambda )

is

m

2

{m}_{2}

symmetric).
Study of temperature dynamics and influencing factors during composting process
Authors: El Boudihi Hicham , Kifani-Sahban Fatima , Wahby Imane , Fihri Mohamed
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the most influential composting parameters (temperature, pH, humidity, C/N ratio, and CO2 emissions) on final compost quality. Composting bags (turned daily) containing prunings, lignocellulose material, cattle manure, and household organic waste were monitored for eight weeks across three batches. All the temperature data registered daily were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA to verify the consistency between batches. This study employs a first-order kinetic model to quantify the decomposition of organic matter in composting, revealing the influence of temperature on the decomposition rate. Principal component analysis was conducted for these factors and their interactions with respect to the final compost quality. Finished compost showed a significantly high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content compared with that in the feedstock of the initial compost mixture, while there was constant organic carbon content. In addition to the control of key parameters, a linear regression analysis allowed us to identify the factors that most influenced temperature. We identified two key models: one including pH, humidity, C/N ratio, and CO2 emissions, and another focusing only on CO2. This study emphasized the importance of monitoring and controlling the crucial parameters of the composting process in order to obtain quality compost suitable for application in soil use. Moreover, high temperatures possibly attained in the process of aerobic decomposition destroy the pathogens, making the end products safer for uses in agriculture.
The Tenses of Historical Consciousness: The Impact of Memory Work Within the Colombian Education Community
Authors: Louis Tatjana , Saiz Mónika Contreras , Rinke Stefan
Published: November 2024

The confrontation with the recent past has been a central component of the Colombian transitional panorama for almost 20 years. Since the Colombian state recognized its duty of remembrance, the National Center for Historical Memory has published more than 100 reports that contribute to an understanding of the causes of the Colombian armed conflict and a recognition of the crimes against humanity that occurred in this context. These reports, however, are known only to a small group of experts. At the same time, the Colombian armed conflict is an experience shared by many and producing a multiplicity of different narratives, so it is unlikely that people lack knowledge about their past or have a stance towards it. In fact, the confrontation with the recent past is a topic that gives rise to bitter disputes. This study addresses the gap that exists between institutional and academic efforts, on the one hand, and collective and individual memories on the other. To gather information on the channels and methods of learning as well as the interpretations given to historical events, we carried out an exploration of historical consciousness of secondary students, understanding school as the place where formal and non-formal channels of knowledge transmission meet. To do this, we applied a digital questionnaire and conducted interviews with students and teachers from different regions of Colombia in order to answer the questions where the knowledge about the past comes from, what are the channels through which people learn about their past and turn it to a meaningful story and what is the overall meaning of the past and, specifically, the meaning of the armed conflict for people. Drawing inspiration from works that blend academic research with graphic storytelling, and driven by the belief that university-generated knowledge should reach broader audiences through engaging formats, we created the comic The Tenses of Historical Consciousness, which accompanies this article. This comic fictionalizes real situations, characters, and spaces to depict aspects of the research process and its findings.
Generalized piezothermoelastic interactions in a piezoelectric rod subjected to pulse heat flux
Authors: Alqahtani Zuhur , Abbas Ibrahim , El-Bary Alaa A.
Published: November 2024

This work investigates, using the Laplace transforms, the influence of thermal relaxation time in the piezo-thermoelastic rod under pulse heat flux. For the piezoelectric medium, the generalized piezothermoelastic fundamental equations are developed. The analytical solutions are expressed in the transformation domain using Laplace transforms. Laplace transforms are presented to solve the problem’s governing equations, removing the time impact and yielding analytical solutions for the temperature, electric field, displacement, and stresses in the Laplace domain. The time domain solutions of the variables under consideration are then found using numerical Laplace inversion and visually shown. The effects of the thermal time, pulse heating flux characteristic time, and constant heat flux are studied in a piezoelectric thermoelastic medium. The figures show that the thermal time, pulse heating flux characteristic time, and constant heat flux play significant roles in determining the values of all physical quantities.
Integrating lidar technology in artisanal and small-scale mining: A comparative study of iPad Pro LiDAR sensor and traditional surveying methods in Ecuador’s artisanal gold mine
Authors: Ordóñez Christian , Calvopiña Jhosimar , Toapanta Santiago , Carranco Andrés , González Josué
Published: November 2024

This research evaluates the use of the iPad Pro 11 with LiDAR sensor (LS) for geospatial surveying in Ecuador’s artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector, a key contributor to the national economy; however, it is hindered by outdated equipment and environmental challenges. It was conducted at “La Zamorana,” an underground gold mine. The study compares the efficacy of iPad LS against traditional surveying methods across five phases, including control point establishment, traditional and LiDAR surveying, data postprocessing, and an electronic survey assessing ASM’s technological readiness. The findings indicate that the iPad LS outperforms traditional methods in detail and accuracy, particularly in elevation measurements, with most discrepancies under 5 cm. The precision of the LiDAR methodology is highlighted by the closer alignment of points to control points than traditional surveying methods. In summary, the iPad Pro 11 with LS shows promise as an affordable ASM tool for geospatial surveying in ASM in Ecuador. The research emphasizes how receptive the industry is to new technology developments. However, further research is recommended to explore the technology’s effectiveness in diverse mining environments, ensuring its comprehensive applicability in ASM.
The impact of delay on second-order evolution equations
Authors: Boumasmoud Soufiane , Ezzinbi Khalil
Published: November 2024

This article aims to exhibit new instability results on the effects of arbitrary delay on a class of second-order evolution equations involving in a Hilbert space. More precisely, we prove that arbitrary finite, large or small delay might remarkably destroy the stability of a well-behaved (stable) system, that is by driving the resulting system with delay to generate non-trivial periodic solutions with constant energy, solutions with exponential growth rate and solutions with blow-up energy. Also, an interesting new effect of large delay is constructively established. We further supply this study with applications and numerical simulations.
Überwachung von Prozesskurven
Authors: Lück Matthias , Hornung Tim , Riedel Oliver
Published: November 2024

In diesem Beitrag wird eine fünfstufige Methode zur relativen Überwachung von Prozesskurven im latenten Raum vorgestellt. Die Datenbasis bilden 7460 Prozesskurven aus einem industriellen End-of-Line-Test. Das dichtebasierte räumliche Clustering bildet den Kern der Methode und nutzt die Eigenschaft, dass sich der untersuchte Produktionsprozess, unter statistischer Kontrolle befindet. Zwei potenziell falsch-positive Teile wurden durch das Verfahren erkannt, eine zeitliche Drift der Prozessdaten sowie die klare Trennbarkeit von Gut- und Schlechtteilen sind aus dem Verfahren ersichtlich.
Thermische Modellbildung des schweißtechnischen Vorwärmens von Offshore-Stahlbaustrukturen
Authors: Herwerth Christian , Klaudt Anna-Maria , Dörge Andreas , Pfeifer Herbert
Published: November 2024

Vorgestellt wird in diesem Beitrag ein numerisches Modell inkl. experimenteller Kalibrierung zur thermischen Analyse von industriellen Wärmprozessen. Das Modell kann auf ähnliche Anwendungsfälle, Wärmtechnologien und Temperaturniveaus übertragen werden. Die Auswertung erfolgt durch Energiebilanzierung und zeigt, dass trotz signifikanter Abwärmeverluste ein guter Gesamtwirkungsgrad für atmosphärisch betriebene Thermoprozesse erzielt werden kann. Wärmeleitung, Konvektion und Strahlung spielen eine untergeordnete Rolle. Folgeschritte können die Übertragung des Modells oder die Optimierung des Wärmprozesses sein.
Konversion von relationalen Datenbanken in Ontologien
Authors: Brünnhäußer Jörg , Konietzko Erik Paul , Zwicker Florian
Published: November 2024

Daten gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung, sind insbesondere in den betrieblichen Kontexten allerdings oft schwer zugänglich, da sie in verschiedenen Formen vorliegen. Ontologien und semantische Netze bieten eine Lösung, indem sie Informationen aus verschiedenen Datenquellen zusammenführen, was den Aufbau einer unternehmensweiten Wissensdatenbank ermöglicht. Ontologien sind flexibel, erweiterbar und unterstützen maschinenlesbare Sprachen, wodurch sie effizient in bestehende Systeme integriert werden können. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die automatische Umwandlung relationaler Datenbanken in Ontologien mittels eines entwickelten Programms, das auf bestehenden wissenschaftlichen Ansätzen basiert.
Bewertung der Komplexität von Konstruktionsaufgaben
Authors: Yinanc Kutay Can , Konkol Kathrin , Cencic Maiara Rosa
Published: November 2024

Moderne Ingenieurbüros stehen vor der Herausforderung, die Komplexität von Konstruktionsaufgaben richtig einzuschätzen. Eine universelle, CAD-unabhängige Design-Hochsprache (CAD-HLL) wurde entwickelt, um diese Komplexität zu bewerten. Dies ist entscheidend für die optimale Aufgaben-/Ressourcenzuweisung in Konstruktionsabteilungen sowie zur Unterstützung früher Designentscheidungen. Ein innovativer Ansatz im Rahmen des CAD-HLL-Konzepts nutzt maschinelles Lernen, um die Komplexität von mechanischen Bauteilen abzuschätzen. Das entwickelte Modell zeigt Potenzial zur Effizienzsteigerung und Minimierung von Missverständnissen in Designprozessen, was zukünftige industrielle Anwendungen optimieren könnte.
DaWiK – Ein KI-gestützter Ansatz für digitales Wissens- und Kompetenzmanagement
Authors: Scheuvens Malte , Mozer Pia , Fuchs Benedikt , Dworschak Bernd , Ansari Fazel , Hölzle Katharina
Published: November 2024

Effektives Kompetenzmanagement wird für Unternehmen angesichts des demografischen Wandels und erhöhter Fluktuation immer wichtiger, da es die optimale Nutzung und Weiterentwicklung von Talenten fördert und so Produktivität und Arbeitsqualität steigert. Semantische Technologien ermöglichen eine präzise Modellierung und Identifikation von Kompetenzlücken sowie die Umsetzung passgenauer Entwicklungsmaßnahmen. Im Projekt DaWiK wurde hierfür eine datengestützte Methode entwickelt, die durch die Semantische Textanalyse Pipeline (STAP) Anforderungen aus unstrukturierten Daten wie Stellenanzeigen strukturiert erfasst, um die Kompetenzentwicklung gezielt und zukunftsorientiert zu steuern.
Synapse-to-Nucleus ERK→CREB Transcriptional Signaling Requires Dendrite-to-Soma Ca
2+
Propagation Mediated by L-Type Voltage–Gated Ca
2+
Channels
Authors: Zent Katlin H. , Dell’Acqua Mark L.
Published: November 2024

The cAMP-response element–binding protein (CREB) transcription factor controls the expression of the neuronal immediate early genes c
-fos
,
Arc
, and
Bdnf
and is essential for long-lasting synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory. Despite this critical role, there is still ongoing debate regarding the synaptic excitation–transcription (E–T) coupling mechanisms mediating CREB activation in the nucleus. Here we employed optical uncaging of glutamate to mimic synaptic excitation of distal dendrites in conjunction with simultaneous imaging of intracellular Ca
2+
dynamics and transcriptional reporter gene expression to elucidate CREB E–T coupling mechanisms in hippocampal neurons cultured from both male and female rats. Using this approach, we found that CREB-dependent transcription was engaged following dendritic stimulation of
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) only when Ca
2+
signals propagated to the soma via subsequent activation of L-type voltage–gated Ca
2+
channels resulting in activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase MAP kinase signaling to sustain CREB phosphorylation in the nucleus. In contrast, dendrite-restricted Ca
2+
signals generated by NMDARs failed to stimulate CREB-dependent transcription. Furthermore, Ca
2+
-CaM-dependent kinase–mediated signaling pathways that may transiently contribute to CREB phosphorylation following stimulation were ultimately dispensable for downstream CREB-dependent transcription and c-Fos induction. These findings emphasize the essential role that L-type Ca
2+
channels play in rapidly relaying signals over long distances from synapses located on distal dendrites to the nucleus to control gene expression.
High-Density Recording Reveals Sparse Clusters (But Not Columns) for Shape and Texture Encoding in Macaque V4
Authors: Namima Tomoyuki , Kempkes Erin , Zamarashkina Polina , Owen Natalia , Pasupathy Anitha
Published: November 2024

Macaque area V4 includes neurons that exhibit exquisite selectivity for visual form and surface texture, but their functional organization across laminae is unknown. We used high-density Neuropixels probes in two awake monkeys (one female and one male) to characterize the shape and texture tuning of dozens of neurons simultaneously across layers. We found sporadic clusters of neurons that exhibit similar tuning for shape and texture: ∼20% exhibited similar tuning with their neighbors. Importantly, these clusters were confined to a few layers, seldom “columnar” in structure. This was the case even when neurons were strongly driven and exhibited robust contrast invariance for shape and texture tuning. We conclude that functional organization in area V4 is not columnar for shape and texture stimulus features and in general organization may be at a coarser stimulus category scale (e.g., selectivity for stimuli with vs without 3D cues) and a coarser spatial scale (assessed by optical imaging), rather than at a fine scale in terms of similarity in single-neuron tuning for specific features. We speculate that this may be a direct consequence of the great diversity of inputs integrated by V4 neurons to build variegated tuning manifolds in a high-dimensional space.
One size does not fit all: female–male interactions on the path to fertilization
Authors: Daupagne Léa , Winkler Lennart , Pembury-Smith Matilda QR , Lüpold Stefan , Snook Rhonda R , Fitzpatrick John L
Published: November 2024

In brief

Female–male interactions shape fertilization outcomes, with broad implications from evolutionary biology to applied studies of fertility. This review discusses our current knowledge of female–male interactions at each stage of the fertilization process across externally and internally fertilizing species.

Extensive research indicates that fertilization outcomes are shaped by individual female and male traits that reflect their intrinsic quality. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the influence of interactions between the sexes and their adaptive significance in either externally or internally fertilizing species. Here, we review empirical evidence on how female–male interactions influence each stage of the fertilization process, including sperm transfer, transport, storage, chemoattraction and fertilization. We also address the challenges of examining female–male interaction effects within a realistic biological context and why research in this area lags behind understanding the role of individual sex-specific traits. While relatively little data are currently available to address the interactive effects between the sexes and their impact on the fertilization process, what is presently known suggests that these effects are likely to be more common across the animal tree of life than appreciated. Future research will help identify these interactions, and their understanding can also help to explain the maintenance of genetic variation and inform applied studies of fertility.
Literatura, Axiomas básicos
Authors: Morey Lezama Orángel
Published: November 2024

In this text we have proposed to approach a suitable definition of literature. First we seek a general definition/conception, starting from the word and its different concepts throughout history; then, we pause to review the convergence between the terms individual, language, and literature; this way, we focus on the exhibition and representation of the individual, the broad human being, both in his self and in his world view, which is in the literary space. Finally, we propose that in this conversation that reading is, the reader can discover his inner self, expand his vision to build what is essentially his self, and also to understand what he sees in nature. But furthermore, through literary reading, it is possible to improve his condition to listen, understand and comprehend others.
Catedrales como bibliotecas: filosofía, literatura y espiritualidad
Authors: Ballén Rodríguez Juan Sebastián
Published: November 2024

The present work seeks to make explicit the relationships between cathedrals and libraries. This is a question of recognizing the philosophical-literary potential of a nuclear category: space. We start from the formulation of a set of concerns that are substantively inspired by the fictional creations of Borgian literature. Our interest seeks to explore through a reflexive exercise around the Borgian narrative (mainly in the story and the essay), the relationship between philosophy, literature and spirituality, domains of humanistic knowledge, and activities deeply related to life and thought. We cannot deny that the intersections of these messages travel through the most egregious and authentic cultural devices that man has been able to create: books, mother spaces –this is said in Plato’s voice in the Timaeus– that provide for all that produces an Origin (arché) of meaning, culture, reflexivity, etc.
Regulations for the transport of nuclear and radioactive materials in Brazil
Authors: Paulino da Silva Marcos Antonio , Peres da Cruz Hévila
Published: November 2024

The transportation of radioactive material involves a set of procedures as varied as they are complex, justifying its strong standardization. This article aims to demonstrate that the collaborative effort between two Brazilian licensing agencies, which resulted in the elaboration of a Joint Technical Note, was justified considering the legislative process. By consolidating various norms and procedures – from the configurations of packages containing radioactive material to the training program for drivers responsible for transportation, including environmental safety of routes – it proves to be a facilitator of the work for everyone involved in this activity. In conclusion, it is shown that there is strong standardization of this activity in Brazil and that the legislative process is dynamic, reflecting natural improvements in technical and legal aspects inherent to the nature of the material involved.
MANEJO DO ESTRESSE NO ENVELHECIMENTO SAUDÁVEL
Authors: Petitot Rezende Gabriela , Trois Maestri Italo , Osorio Azambuja Baeta Neves Renata , Iracema de Lima Argimon Irani
Published: November 2024

Neste capítulo, apresentamos conceitos de estresse, como e quando ele pode acontecer, a identificação de diversas situações que esse se faz presente mesmo no envelhecimento saudável e, por fim, formas de manejo do estresse.
TECNOLOGIA, ENVELHECIMENTO E SAÚDE MENTAL NA PESSOA IDOSA
Authors: Juliana de Araujo Lucena Herika , Engroff Paula , Cataldo Neto Alfredo
Published: November 2024

Estima-se que o número de pessoas idosas no mundo chegará a cerca de 2 bilhões até 2050, e no Brasil esse número pode ultrapassar os 90 milhões (IBGE, 2022).
ENVELHECIMENTO, INFLAMAÇÃO E DOENÇA CARDIOVASCULAR
Authors: Petracco Petzold Aline , Bonotto Linhares Armani , Carlos Bodanese Luiz
Published: November 2024

Envelhecimento é o processo definido como uma deterioração inevitáveldas funções fisiológicas necessárias para a sobrevivência conforme o avançar da idade, podendo acelerar o desenvolvimento de certas doenças. Sabe-se que o envelhecer é um dos principais fatores de risco não reversíveis para várias doenças crônicas, como câncer, diabetes tipo 2, demência e doenças cardiovasculares, sendo uma das principais causas de multimorbidade, incapacidade e fragilidade na população mundial.
IDOSOS VIVENDO COM HIV: É POSSÍVEL UM ENVELHECER
Authors: Clós Mahmud Ibrahim , da Rosa Lerner Erick , Herberto Schneider Rodolfo
Published: November 2024

Um envelhecimento saudável é uma construção de hábitos, que somados ao longo da vida do indivíduo, apresentam alguns “pilares de sustentação” para que essa trajetória se concretize: rotina de atividades com exercícios físicos focados em ganho de massa magra; alimentação saudável, com suplementação apenas quando necessário; reserva cognitiva; vínculos e rede de apoio; cuidar da mente; preparo financeiro; realização de exames preventivos conforme indicação do seu médico; elaborar planos para o futuro e, por fim, a elaboração de diretivas antecipadas de vontade (como deseja ser cuidado no futuro). Tópicos estes que devem ser abordados com todos os pacientes que experimentam o processo do “envelhecer” independente de suas comorbidades e idade que apresentam no momento da primeira consulta com o profissional de saúde.
A FUNCIONALIDADE DA PESSOA IDOSA: UM DOS PILARES DO ENVELHECIMENTO SAUDÁVEL
Authors: Gemerasca Mestriner Régis , Jeanty de Seixas Mestriner Raquel
Published: November 2024

O aumento da expectativa de vida global tem gerado a necessidade urgente de compreender, promover e educar sobre o envelhecimento saudável, inclusive em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil. É importante ressaltar que envelhecer não é sinônimo de doença, dependência funcional e desvalorização individual, mas sim uma fase da vida em que as pessoas idosas possuem valiosas experiências e potencial para contribuir com uma sociedade mais equilibrada e inclusiva (Aliberti et al., 2022; Ashikali et al., 2023; Beard et al., 2016; Beard et al., 2016).
SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NO PROCESSO DE ENVELHECIMENTO
Authors: Sebben Pasa Thiana , Pestana da Silva Amanda , R. G. Furini Cristiane , de Souza Urbanetto Janete
Published: November 2024

O envelhecimento é um processo natural e complexo que afeta todos os sistemas do corpo humano, resultando em alterações na capacidade física, cognitiva e funcional. Esse processo também aumenta o risco de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas e incapacidades ao longo do tempo (Terra, 2021). Além disso, uma vida mais longa torna as pessoas mais vulneráveis à ocorrência de eventos adversos, como quedas, desenvolvimento de lesões por pressão e de problemas relacionados ao uso de medicamentos, os quais podem trazer sérias consequências para a saúde e qualidade de vida (WHO, 2017; 2021a; Cowan et al., 2020).
Effects of Periodontal Treatment on CRP and Other Cellular Markers in Blood
Authors: Rojas González Gisella
Published: November 2024

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects public health worldwide. It has been related to microorganisms that trigger an inflammatory response that, in turn, produces a deterioration of the teeth’s supporting tissue. In recent years, studies have shown some similarity and association between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The serum increases in C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, alpha-1 antitrypsin, moderate increase in leukocytes, increase in sedimentation rate and Von Willebrand factor antigen make it likely that there is a relationship between periodontal disease and other systemic conditions, specifically atherosclerotic disease. This study seeks to establish if there is any relationship between these values after phase II periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Costa Rica. The initial values are found in a previous publication (1).  In this second stage, the sample was reduced to 14 patients, of whom 57% presented metabolic compromise such as rheumatoid arthritis, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and 50% decreased PCR levels. As for the mean level of the total sample, in both stages of the study, PCR increased from 2.72 (SD: 2.25) to 5.36 (SD: 9.68). Of the patients who received periodontal treatment, 21.4% had low PCR levels (<1 mg/L), 50% medium (1-3 mg/L) and 28.6% high (>3 mg/L). There was no statistically significant difference in any of the variables analyzed for cholesterol, triglycerides and fibrinogen. Of the total number of patients in whom carotid ultrasound was performed, 52.4% were diagnosed as healthy, 33.3% had bulbar myointimal hyperplasia and 14.3% had atheromatous plaques. One of the participants died of myocardial infarction.  This study does not conclude that there is a relationship between periodontal disease and cellular markers, which are also found in atheromatous disease, but it can be affirmed that there is a probability that periodontal disease contributes to affect the metabolic condition of the patient.
Effect of Prophylactic Treatments on Demineralized Dental Enamel
Authors: Esteves Torres Fernanda Ferrari , Valsecki Júnior Aylton , Genaro Luis Eduardo , Rocha Corrêa da Silva Silvio , Pereira da Silva Tagliaferro Elaine , Pinotti Felipe Eduardo , Lopez Rosell Fernanda
Published: November 2024

Although professional prophylaxis is beneficial in controlling dental biofilm, its effects on tooth surfaces with white spot lesions are still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of different methods used in dental prophylaxis on the mineral content of demineralized enamel surfaces, using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). Extracted sound premolars were used (n=40). The sample was made up of 4 groups: G1 - Robinson brush and pumice stone; G2 - Robinson brush and prophylactic paste; G3 - Rubber and pumice bowl; G4 - Rubber cup and prophylactic paste. The evaluations were carried out at 3 levels: with the tooth healthy, immediately after the demineralization process and after application of the proposed treatments. The primary variable analyzed was the mineral content of the enamel, quantified using QLF. The data did not meet the assumptions for parametric tests, so the Friedman variance test was applied using version 5.0 of the BioEstat program. The significance level adopted was 5%. In Group I, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was observed between the mineral content of the sound tooth and after demineralization, indicating a white spot formation, but no significant changes (p=0.082) post-treatment with a Robinson brush and pumice stone. Group II showed similar results. Group III exhibited significant changes (p<0.001) post-demineralization and improvement (p<0.001) with a rubber cup and pumice stone. Group IV also showed significant demineralization (p<0.001) and partial remineralization (p<0.001) with a rubber cup and prophylactic paste, indicating that these treatments can improve mineral content in demineralized enamel. In conclusion, treatments using a rubber cup with pumice stone or prophylactic paste resulted in partial remineralization of demineralized enamel, while treatments using a Robinson brush did not cause significant changes in mineral content.
Uncovering the Capitalist Footprint: An Examination of the Land-People Nexus in Wayanad through Valli
Authors: Kathiresan Kaviya , Jayashree Narasingaram
Published: November 2024

The exploitation of Adivasis, by capitalist forces in Wayanad, Kerala, India is a complex issue that has been ongoing for years. Adivasis in Wayanad have faced bonded slavery, been displaced from their lands, faced loss of resources, and other forms of exploitation, often driven by the interests of organisations seeking to profit from the area’s natural resources. This has resulted in the loss of traditional livelihoods, cultural practices, and community structures for the Adivasis, as well as environmental degradation. This research traces this capitalist exploitation and landlessness among the Adivasis through the lens of the novel Valli, originally published in Malayalam by Sheela Tomy and translated into English by Jayasree Kalathil. The study is based on a close reading and analysis of the text and its depiction of the Adivasi community and the challenges they have faced in the context of capitalist development and resource extraction in the post independent Wayanad.
Adottságok és nehézségek a kora középkori sztyeppe kutatásában
Authors: Bálint Csanád
Published: November 2024

E cikk a gyökeresen új korszakba lépett kora középkori eurázsiai sztyeppe történeti és régészeti kutatásának rövid helyzetfelmérése. Jelzésszerűen említi az akadályokat (nyelvtudás, hozzáférés), az egyfelől Európa-centrikus szemléletet, másfelől a volt szovjet kutatás önmagába zártságát. A kelet-európai régészet mindenáron törekszik a történeti interpretációkra, miközben a források rendkívül hézagosak, a leletek pénzekkel keltezése problematikus. A nemzetközi kutatás a volt szovjetre van utalva, miközben sokszor elérhetetlen publikációkra hivatkoznak, ritkák a katalógusszerű összefoglalások; a szovjet korszak generációk elmúltával is nyomot hagyott. Történeti és régészeti példák bizonyítják a kora középkori sztyeppe évezredes kulturális változatlanságát, csak az anyagi kultúra változott! Ezért az összehasonlíthatatlanul gazdagabb és színesebb kínai forrásoknak sztyeppei népekről írott fejezetei bízvást alkalmazhatók a kelet-európaiakra is.
Professional burnout of elementary school principals
Authors: Marinac Ana Maria , Maras Andrej , Liščić Zrinka
Published: November 2024

The professional role of a school principal encompasses various tasks, including administrative, legal, strategic, financial, and managerial responsibilities in the education sector. The intricate nature of their work exposes principals to increasing stress, leading to burnout. This qualitative study with 15 principals aims to identify key factors contributing to burnout and explore mitigation strategies. Findings highlight administrative, legal, and accounting tasks, as well as hiring responsibilities, as major stressors. Interpersonal relationships with teachers and parents also play a role in burnout. Common coping methods mentioned by participants include spending time with loved ones and engaging in stress management education. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of developing comprehensive support systems within the school environment to alleviate the burden on principals. The study serves as a foundation for future research on principal stress in educational settings and as material for professional development on burnout in primary schools. By addressing the highlighted stressors, educational leaders can work towards creating a more sustainable and supportive work environment, thereby reducing the risk of burnout among principals.
Aristotelés Sapphót olvas. Rh. 1367A6‒9 és bizánci kommentárjai
Authors: Simon Attila
Published: November 2024

Sapphó 137. töredéke az „Alkaios” és „Sapphó” közötti párbeszéddel Aristotelés Rétorikájában (1367a6‒9) maradt fenn. A filozófus erkölcsi kontextusban idézi a töredéket, és moralizáló értelmezést ad neki, mondatait szó szerinti értelemben, kissé naivan olvasva, nem véve tudomást az elhallgatás (aposiópésis) alakzatának feltűnő jelenlétéről a szövegben. Gregor Vogt-Spira ennek a sajátos vakságnak a magyarázatát abban látja, hogy Aristotelés a „hallgatva beszélés” jelenségében amphibolián alapuló paradoxont, adott esetben érvelési hibát lát. Ebben a magyarázatban ugyan van valami, de ha az idéző kontextus teljes szövegére érvényesnek akarjuk tekinteni, akkor nem kielégítő. Sokkal inkább arról lehet szó, hogy a versben kidolgozott ellentétező szerkezet az, ami eltereli Aristotelés figyelmét a nyíltan is jelzett elhallgatás alakzatától, és ez illeszkedik jobban a lírai szöveget tartalmazó Rétorika I, 9 szűkebb kontextusába is. Aristotelés rétorikai antitézisen alapuló morális értelmezése meghatározta a töredék későbbi olvasatait is, egészen a bizánci kortól máig. Tanulmányom második részében ebből a gazdag hagyományból két XII. századi bizánci Aristotelés-kommentátor magyarázatát mutatom be közelebbről, fölvetve annak lehetőségét is, hogy talán mégsem annyira egynemű ez az értelmezői hagyomány.