bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on robotic monocular 6DOF vision localization grasping strategy for industrial objects
Authors: Wan Guoyang , Li Hanqi , Wang Qianqian , Wang Chengwen , He Qin , Li Xuna
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To address the issue of large visual measurement errors caused by insufficient information collected by monocular vision when performing six-degree-of-freedom (6DOF) position measurements on metal castings, which hinders the robot’s ability to visually guide grasping, this paper aims to propose a 6DOF position measurement method that integrates monocular vision with deep neural networks.

Design/methodology/approach

This method enhances the robot’s ability to visually grasp small-sample industrial objects with high accuracy. By establishing a mapping relationship between the two-dimensional (2D) position of the object’s image and its three-dimensional (3D) position in space, the proposed approach achieves 6DOF position measurement of the target workpiece using monocular vision. An image enhancement algorithm based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) is introduced to improve robustness in industrial environments by addressing the challenge of acquiring image data for small-sample objects. Additionally, the method combines single-phase object detection using deep neural networks with 2D-3D affine transformation to achieve accurate 3D position measurements.

Findings

The introduction of the GAN-based image enhancement algorithm significantly mitigates the robustness issues posed by the difficulties in obtaining image data for small-sample objects in industrial settings. The integration of single-phase object detection and 2D–3D affine transformation allows for precise 3D position measurement of the workpiece. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides high accuracy in 6DOF position measurements for industrial objects.

Originality/value

This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional vision algorithms for 3D position measurement of industrial objects, such as high cost and poor robustness. The experimental validation confirms that the proposed method achieves excellent 6DOF position measurement accuracy for industrial objects.
Social work must use its collective voice to advocate with and for, carers rights and their protection from harm
Authors: Daniels Jade
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to offer a reflective discussion of carers who may be experiencing or at risk of abuse or harm in their caring role. Furthermore, it makes some suggestions about how carers could be better protected in the future. Grounded in a practitioner’s reflection of working with a single family, this paper goes on to explore the extent to which carers at risk of harm are recognised and supported by social work and allied professionals.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach to this paper is a reflective analysis, using the Gibbs’ (1988) reflective cycle. This study explores the practice experiences of an early career adult-focussed statutory social worker in England.

Findings

This paper has identified some of the impact in which the current social care climate is having on carers at risk of or experiencing abuse and harm. Such impact includes individuals who may not clearly meet the threshold criteria under Section 41(1) of the Care Act 2014. In addition, the use of specialist teams to complete carer assessments may be deskilling social workers and impacting holistic and person-centred outcomes for carers.

Originality/value

This paper intends to open discussion regarding under-researched and the often under-acknowledged issue of carers at risk of abuse and harm. The practical and ethical aspects of this issue are also rarely discussed, something this paper aims to do. This paper combines the reflective experiences and perspectives of the author, alongside literature to support depth and evidence within discussions. Some of the views may resonate, others may spark debate, both of which is needed for meaningful change.
Information in practice and the building of a “Learning Alliance” in an Irish community
Authors: Muzzarelli Andrea
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Designed as an educational hub for sustainability, the Irish ecovillage of Cloughjordan is dealing with a significant challenge: creating stronger synergies between its educators to maximize its impact on the mainstream. Based on the empirical findings of a study conducted in this community, this paper aims to identify the principal informational and organisational factors that might encourage the development of such synergies.

Design/methodology/approach

Coherently with practice-related and ethnographic methodological principles, data were primarily collected through participant observation and semi-structured, open-ended interviews.

Findings

The lack of collaboration and information sharing between educational practices is relatable to different understandings and meanings about education for sustainability that are amplified by some power asymmetries.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis of the community’s educational practices may have been limited by the many interruptions brought by the recent pandemic.

Originality/value

This is the very first study to explore the educational activities of the ecovillage of Cloughjordan, and one of the first ones to combine the notions of “information in social practice” and “communities of practice” to explore a real-life project.
Key factors contributing to construction delays in high-rise building projects: a case study of Nigeria’s developing urban landscape
Authors: Oyediran Abiola Oluwasogo , Akinradewo Opeoluwa , Onososen Adetayo Olugbenga , Koriko Oluwagbemisola
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The rapid urbanization in Nigeria has led to an increased demand for high-rise buildings, yet the construction industry continues to grapple with significant delays that impede project timelines, budgets, performance and the efficiency of post-construction facilities management (FM). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the key delay factors undermining high-rise project delivery in Nigeria using a case study approach to establish fundamental delay causes.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopted a mixed-method approach using questionnaires and interviews. Questions were formulated on the identified 38 common delay factors from the literature. Data acquired were analyzed using Relative Importance Index (RII), mean score, Kruskal–Wallis test and content analysis.

Findings

Key findings revealed 16 critical delay causal factors classified into 4 groups. This study unveils client-related and external factors as the most predominant causative groups. The top five most significant delay causative factors impacting high-rise projects’ performance were identified. Revealed lack of credit facilities and cash flow problems as the main factors inducing unanticipated delay events in high-rise projects. This study found delay factors experienced are excusable and compensable, particularly prominent during the finishing and procurement stages in high-rise projects.

Originality/value

This study unveils the critical delay causes undermining high-rise building project delivery in Nigeria, focusing on both construction and FM perspectives. Through a case study approach, it establishes fundamental delay causative factors and highlights their long-term impact on the operational efficiency and maintenance of high-rise buildings. This study provides built environment professionals insights into key delay factors, offering guidance on modifying work practices to improve project delivery and FM postcompletion.
The impact of IFRS13 on earnings management of IAS39 reclassifying firms following the 2008 financial crisis
Authors: Elleuch Hamza Sarra , Ajili Asma
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of the “IFRS13: Fair value measurement” standard on earnings management behavior of IAS39 reclassifying firms.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors assess accrual-based earnings management following the Kothari et al.’s (2005) model. Real earnings management is identified by a comprehensive measure that combines overproduction, sales manipulation and discretionary expenditures. The authors measure the impact of “IFRS13: Fair Value Measurement” adoption on earnings management using Mann–Whitney’s comparison tests and simultaneous equation systems.

Findings

The findings show that IAS39 reclassifying firms increase their accounting earnings management before adopting “IFRS13: Fair Value Measurement.” However, this accounting manipulation diminishes after implementing this standard. IAS39 reclassifying firms switch to real earnings management alternatives.

Research limitations/implications

First, the study examined the two earnings management practices of companies that have adopted IAS39 amendments, yet it did not focus on the amount subject to manipulation because of the reclassification of assets. Second, the study did not distinguish between the different levels of fair value hierarchy when determining the impact of “IFRS13: Fair Value Measurement” adoption on earnings management.

Practical implications

These findings support the decisions of accounting standards setters to address untraceable recognition and measurement choices inherent in accounting standards.

Originality/value

The authors explore companies that took advantage of the positive effect of the IAS39 amendments on earnings before and after “IFRS13: Fair Value Measurement” adoption. The most important contribution of this study is to determine whether or not “IFRS13: Fair Value Measurement” reduces the accounting flexibility used by IAS39 reclassifying firms. Therefore, the specific aim is to examine the earnings management behavior of companies that benefited from the flexibility of the reclassification offered by the IAS39 amendments as an accounting manipulation instrument before and after IFRS13 standard adoption. Previous studies have not examined this effect.
Telemedicine in Tanzania: a systematic literature review
Authors: Mwogosi Augustino
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This review explores the challenges and opportunities of implementing telemedicine in rural Tanzania. The study examines how telemedicine can address healthcare gaps in underserved areas and identifies key barriers that hinder its full adoption. It also provides insights into strategies for improving healthcare delivery through telemedicine in rural settings.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review methodology was employed following the PRISMA guidelines. The study collected and analysed relevant academic and grey literature from PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus databases. The search focused on telemedicine in rural Tanzania, with a thematic analysis used to categorise the challenges and opportunities identified in the literature.

Findings

The review found that the major challenges to telemedicine implementation in rural Tanzania include inadequate telecommunications infrastructure, limited digital literacy among healthcare providers, insufficient financial investment and weak regulatory frameworks. Despite these barriers, telemedicine presents significant opportunities to improve healthcare access, particularly by connecting rural patients with specialists, reducing travel times and integrating telemedicine with national health insurance systems. Innovations such as drone-based medical deliveries and SMS-based health interventions also show promise.

Originality/value

This paper comprehensively overviews telemedicine’s potential to transform healthcare delivery in rural Tanzania. It synthesises existing literature, highlights critical gaps in telemedicine adoption and proposes actionable strategies for overcoming these barriers. The study contributes valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare providers and stakeholders interested in leveraging telemedicine to enhance healthcare outcomes in underserved regions.
Industrial circular ecosystem entrant: examining small firms
Authors: Quttainah Majdi A. , Haque Shamima , Panda Debadrita , Rana Sudhir
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study serves a dual purpose. First, it aims to explore the phase-wise progression that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and startups must undertake to become successful ecosystem partners, supporting large industrial firms in their circular transition. Second, it seeks to examine how these small firms manage change and foster collaborative cultures through strategies enabled by positive organizational scholarship (POS) during their phased evolution.

Design/methodology/approach

This study provides empirical evidence through a multiple case study-based approach involving 12 born-circular SMEs/startups from 5 diverse Indian industrial sectors. Insights were gathered by conducting two rounds of semi-structured interviews with 24 participants and one validatory seminar with eight participants.

Findings

This research identified three distinct and complementary phases – compare, compete and collaborate – that SMEs/startups can undergo to emerge as successful ecosystem partners. Each phase encompasses specific business practices, including various circular activities. These activities serve as clear indicators of the smaller firms’ potential competence in aiding larger firms during their circular transitions.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of the circular economy by outlining a trajectory for SMEs/startups to establish successful partnerships. Another contribution is the application of POS as a positive change management paradigm to facilitate circularity. Additionally, the study highlights the context of developing nations, which remain underexplored compared to their developed counterparts in circularity initiatives.
Upgrade of the “Nursecare” nurse call system in nursing homes
Authors: Maučec Hugo
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Nurses at the nursing home are very busy, as they have to take care of the residents, organise the necessary documentation, enter nursing and care data, take care of the tasks of administering therapies and medications, provide important information to colleagues and respond as quickly as possible to urgent calls. The purpose of this study is to upgrade the existing IP nurse call system at the nursing home with the ‘NURSECARE’ system, to improve nursing and care services, continuously store the performed work of the employed medical staff and integrated SIP protocol (communication between nurses with iNurse and resident’s rooms – NurseTab).

Design/methodology/approach

The introduction of the “NURSECARE” system will facilitate and optimise the work of nurses at the nursing home.

Findings

The study findings improve the quality of services and programmes and other forms of assistance by increasing the effectiveness of management and leadership.

Originality/value

The study findings improve the quality of services and programmes and other forms of assistance by increasing the effectiveness of management and leadership.
Benchmarking macaque brain gene expression for horizontal and vertical translation
Authors: Luppi Andrea I. , Liu Zhen-Qi , Hansen Justine Y. , Cofre Rodrigo , Niu Meiqi , Kuzmin Elena , Froudist-Walsh Seán , Palomero-Gallagher Nicola , Misic Bratislav
Published: February 2025

The spatial patterning of gene expression shapes cortical organization and function. The macaque is a fundamental model organism in neuroscience, but the translational potential of macaque gene expression rests on the assumption that it is a good proxy for patterns of corresponding proteins (vertical translation) and for patterns of orthologous human genes (horizontal translation). Here, we systematically benchmark regional gene expression in macaque cortex against (i) macaque cortical receptor density and in vivo and ex vivo microstructure and (ii) human cortical gene expression. We find moderate cortex-wide correspondence between macaque gene expression and protein density, which improves by considering layer-specific gene expression. Half of the examined genes exhibit significant correlation between macaque and human across the cortex. Interspecies correspondence of gene expression is greater in unimodal than in transmodal cortex, recapitulating evolutionary cortical expansion and gene-protein correspondence in the macaque. These results showcase the potential and limitations of macaque cortical transcriptomics for translational discovery within and across species.
Mechanistic insights into the multitarget synergistic efficacy of farrerol and β-lactam antibiotics in combating methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yu Hangqian , Wang Li , Liu Xin , Zheng Jianze , Xiang Hua , Zheng Yanyang , Lv Dongmei , Yang Jingjing , Zhang Yuxin , Qiu Jiazhang , Wang Dacheng
Published: February 2025

Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA), a principal causative agent of infections worldwide, urgently requires innovative interventions to counter its increasing risk. The present study revealed the profound impact of farrerol (FA), a robust bioactive agent, on the virulence and resistance mechanisms of MRSA. Our in-depth investigation revealed that FA significantly mitigated the β-lactam resistance of MRSA USA300, an achievement attributed to its precise interference with the BlaZ and Pbp2a protein. Additionally, FA indirectly diminishes the oligomerization of PBP2a by disrupting pigment synthesis, further contributing to its efficacy. In addition, FA extends its functional footprint beyond resistance modulation, exhibiting substantial antivirulence efficacy through selective inhibition of the accessory gene regulator (Agr) system, thereby significantly curbing MRSA pathogenicity in A549 cell and murine models. This study comprehensively explored the multiple impacts of FA on MRSA, shedding light on its versatile role as a BlaZ suppressor, pigment synthesis regulator, and AgrA activity modulator. These intricate findings firmly position FA as a compelling therapeutic candidate for addressing MRSA infections in the clinic.
Gut-binding peptides as potential tools to reduce virus binding to honey bee gut surface proteins
Authors: Guo Ya , Taylor Lincoln N. , Mishra Ruchir , Dolezal Adam G. , Bonning Bryony C.
Published: February 2025

Colonies of the western honey bee,
Apis mellifera,
are severely impacted by a wide range of stressors, with
Varroa
mites and associated viruses being among the most serious threats to honey bee health. Viral load plays an important role in colony demise, with the iflavirus
Deformed wing virus
(DWV) and the dicistrovirus
Israeli acute paralysis virus
(IAPV) being of particular concern. By feeding adult honey bees on a phage display library to identify gut-binding peptides (R. Mishra, Y. Guo, P. Kumar, P. E. Cantón, C. S. Tavares, R. Banerjee, S. Kuwar, and B. C. Bonning, Curr Res Insect Sci, 1:100012,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cris.2021.100012
), we identified Bee midgut-Binding Peptide (BBP2.1), which shares 75% and 85% identity with regions on the DWV capsid protein and IAPV ORFx protein, respectively. These viral protein domains are likely to be instrumental in virus interaction with the honey bee gut. Pull-down assays with honey bee gut brush border membrane vesicles were used to confirm peptide-mCherry binding to the gut for BBP2.1 and the two similar virus-derived sequences, peptides BBP2.1
DWV
and BBP2.1
IAPV
.
In vitro
competition assays showed that all three peptides compete with both IAPV and DWV virions for binding to honey bee gut-derived brush border membrane vesicles, suggesting that the three peptides and the two viruses bind to the same proteins. Ingestion of BBP2.1 reduced the movement of DWV, but not IAPV from the honey bee gut into the body and did not rescue IAPV-associated mortality. These results are discussed in relation to the biological function of IAPV ORFx and the potential utility of virus-blocking peptides for suppression of virus infection to reduce virus load and virus-associated honey bee mortality.

IMPORTANCE

Each year, approximately 40% of managed honey bee hives in the United States are lost due to a variety of environmental stressors. Although increases in virus infection are among the most important factors resulting in colony loss, there are currently no effective tools for the management of virus infection in honey bees. In this study, we identified a peptide that binds to the gut of the honey bee and competes with two of the most important honey bee viruses, Israeli acute paralysis virus of bees (IAPV) and Deformed wing virus (DWV), for binding to gut proteins.
In vivo
competition between this peptide and DWV demonstrates the potential utility of gut-binding peptides for the protection of honey bees from virus infection for reduced virus-associated honey bee mortality.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nsp5 inhibits the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by targeting p62 to antagonize its antiviral activity
Authors: Wang Fang , Amona Fructueux Modeste , Pang Yipeng , Zhang Qiaoya , Liang Yuan , Chen Xiaohan , Ke Yongding , Chen Junhao , Song Chengchuang , Wang Yanhong , Li Zongyun , Zhang Chunlei , Fang Xingtang , Chen Xi
Published: February 2025

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections often trigger oxidative stress and cytokine storms, resulting in significant tissue damage that causes fatalities in piglets and reproductive issues in sows. However, it is still unknown how oxidative stress is regulated by viral and host factors in response to PRRSV infection. Here, we found that PRRSV induced cellular oxidative stress by triggering the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Although Nrf2 is an important redox regulator that initiates the expression of downstream antioxidant genes, PRRSV can impair the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The overexpression of Nrf2 showed a significant anti-PRRSV effect, and inhibiting the expression of Nrf2 promoted the proliferation of PRRSV. Further analysis showed that Nrf2 positively regulated the production of type I interferons and interferon-stimulated genes, which may contribute to its anti-PRRSV effect. By screening the PRRSV-encoded protein, we found that the PRRSV nsp5 protein can degrade Nrf2 at the protein level. Mechanistically, nsp5 promotes Nrf2-Keap1 binding affinity by inhibiting p62-mediated Keap1 sequestration and increasing Keap1 expression. Subsequently, this increased Keap1-mediated degradation of Nrf2 ubiquitination through K48-linked polyubiquitin. Furthermore, we found that the residues Tyr146 and Arg147 of nsp5 are crucial for inhibiting the activation of the p62-mediated Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Thus, our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which PRRSV disrupts the host antioxidant defense system and highlight the crucial role of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway in host defense against PRRSV.

IMPORTANCE

Oxidative stress-induced redox imbalance is a crucial pathogenic mechanism in viral infections. Nrf2 and its antioxidant genes serve as the main defense pathways against oxidative stress. However, the role of Nrf2 in the context of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that PRRSV infection decreased the expression of antioxidant genes of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and overexpression of Nrf2 triggered a strong anti-PRRSV effect. PRRSV nsp5 enhanced Keap1-dependent degradation of Nrf2 ubiquitination, thereby weakening cellular resistance to oxidative stress and antagonizing the antiviral activity of Nrf2. Our study further revealed a new mechanism by which PRRSV evades host antiviral innate immunity by disturbing cellular redox homeostasis, providing a new target for developing anti-PRRSV drugs.
Cretaceous to Oligocene deformation and exhumation history of the southern Qiangtang terrane and implications for the topographic evolution of Central Tibet
Authors: Li Yalin , Bi Wenjun , He Haiyang , Han Zhongpeng , Wang Chengshan , Du Lintao , Zhang Jiawei , Lv Dawei , Wang Bo , Liang Ying , Cheng Huan
Published: February 2025

The timing and magnitude of deformation across Central Tibet is essential for understanding the uplift history and geomorphic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau; however, the process and geodynamics for crustal shortening and surface uplift remain controversial. Located in the core of Central Tibet, the southern Qiangtang terrane is an ideal area to clarify the above problems. Here we report new geological mapping, geochronological, and thermochronological data in the Duoma-Eyacuo area of the southern Qiangtang terrane. Deformation, balanced cross section, and geochronological constraints show the research area accommodated at least 60 km (29%) and 63 km (31%) of shortening during the Mid-Cretaceous (ca. 125−96 Ma) and early Eocene (ca. 55−40 Ma), respectively. Apatite fission-track results indicate that the southern Qiangtang terrane experienced two stages of rapid exhumation at ca. 115−95 Ma and ca. 55−40 Ma. Correlations of the deformation and thermochronology demonstrate that the southern Qiangtang terrane underwent two-stage crustal thickening and surface uplift during the Mid-Cretaceous and early Eocene owing to the Lhasa-Qiangtang and India-Asia collision, respectively. Our results, together with previous studies, suggest that the extension and collapse of thickened crust after the Lhasa-Qiangtang collision resulted in the formation of the Central Tibetan Valley. The geomorphic evolution of the Central Tibetan Valley involved three significant stages: the broad valley (pre-55 Ma), the narrow valley (ca. 55−40 Ma), and the final extinction (ca. 40−30 Ma). The rise and demise of the valley can be attributed to the India-Asia collision and related intercontinental convergence, and subsequent magma underplating triggered by breakoff (or rollback) of the subducted Lhasa slab.
Efficacy and safety of two-step acupuncture therapy for symptom relief in adults with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: rationale and design of the TSA-UC randomised controlled trial
Authors: Chen He , Fang Jiufei , Liu Sixing , Gao Shuai , Shi Hangyu , Ma Ji-Zheng , Shen Xinyu , Wang Weiming , Liu Zhishun
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterised by episodes of symptoms including rectal bleeding, increased stool frequency and abdominal pain, impacting quality of life significantly. Conventional treatments often come with potential side effects and may not be sufficient. Acupuncture is increasingly recognised for its potential benefits in UC. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for symptom relief in mild to moderate UC.

Methods and analysis

This single-centre, parallel-arm, randomised, sham-controlled, the two-step acupuncture (TSA)-UC trial, will involve 64 adults with mild to moderate UC, randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the acupuncture or sham acupuncture group. Participants will receive 20 sessions of two-step acupuncture or sham acupuncture therapy over 8 weeks. Blinding will be applied to participants, outcome assessors and statisticians. The primary outcome measure is the change in Patient-Reported Outcome 2 (PRO2) from baseline at week 8. Secondary outcomes include changes from baseline in the following scales: PRO2 at other time points, weekly average Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for bowel urgency, weekly average NRS for abdominal pain (both associated and not associated with bowel movement), the 32-item Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-IBD, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Patient Global Impression of Change will also be assessed. Long-term effects of acupuncture will be explored. Adverse events and additional treatments will be monitored throughout the study. The modified intention-to-treat population including participants who complete baseline assessments and receive at least one treatment session will be analysed.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (2024-190-KY). The results will be published in a peer-reviewed medical journal.

Trial registration number

NCT06615765.
New insights into changes in ocular structural parameters in simulated hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Guo Anqi , Yu Xinli , Liu Yihe , Wang Zesong , Xie Jiaxing , Zhou Xinzuo , Liu Siru , Li Jiaxi , Zhou Chengkai , Li Yuanhong , Sun Chao , Zhang Jing , Liu Ziyuan , Li Xuemin , Ding Li
Published: February 2025

Purpose

High altitude is the main area for human exploration, and human eye is an important organ for obtaining visual signals. The changes of ocular structural parameters in a simulated hypobaric hypoxia environment need to be clarified.

Methods

Measurements were taken at five altitudes ((1) ground, (2) 3500 m, (3) 4000 m, (4) 4500 m and (5) ground). Refractive values were measured with the IOL Master (Carl Zeiss Shanghai Co. Ltd.). Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, paired sample T-test and Wilcoxon test.

Results

Subjects’ axial length (AL) increased with altitude, peaking at 4500 m, then decreased. Significant AL differences were observed across altitudes (p<0.05), except between 2–5 and 3–5. Central corneal thickness (CCT) thickened then thinned with elevation changes, significantly thicker at altitudes 2–5 compared with the baseline (p<0.05). Lens thickness (LT) followed a similar pattern, increasing up to altitude 4, then decreasing at 5. Correlations were found between AL and LT at altitudes 1 (r=0.375, p<0.05) and 5 (r=0.341, p<0.05), and between AL and CCT at altitude 4 (r=0.337, p<0.05), but not elsewhere.

Conclusions

As altitude increases and acute low-pressure hypoxia worsens, changes in AL, CCT and LT may affect pilots’ visual function, information acquisition, decision-making and flight safety.
Integrating pre-ablation and post-ablation B-type natriuretic peptide to identify high-risk population for long-term adverse events and arrhythmic recurrence in persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ishiguchi Hironori , Yoshiga Yasuhiro , Fukuda Masakazu , Fujii Shohei , Hisaoka Masahiro , Hashimoto Shintaro , Omuro Takuya , Fukue Noriko , Kobayashi Shigeki , Sano Motoaki
Published: February 2025

Background

Pre-procedural and post-procedural plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels can predict rhythm outcomes after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the significance of long-term events remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the significance of integrating pre-ablation and post-ablation BNP levels on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and arrhythmic recurrence in patients with persistent AF undergoing catheter ablation.

Methods

We analysed 392 patients who underwent first catheter ablation. Patients were stratified into four subgroups based on pre-ablation plasma BNP level and its relative change after ablation (ΔBNP) using their respective median values (pre-ablation BNP: 148.0 pg/mL, ΔBNP: −52.6%): Low-Low (pre-ablation<148.0 pg/mL, ΔBNP<−52.6%), Low-High (pre-ablation<148.0 pg/mL, ΔBNP≥−52.6%), High-Low (pre-ablation≥148.0 pg/mL, ΔBNP<−52.6%) and High-High (pre-ablation≥148.0 pg/mL, ΔBNP≥−52.6%). The primary endpoint was MACE, which included all-cause death, heart failure hospitalisation and other cardiovascular hospitalisations. The secondary endpoint involved arrhythmic recurrence.

Results

Of the 392 patients, 101 were classified as Low-Low, 91 as Low-High, 97 as High-Low and 103 as High-High. During a median follow-up of 5.3 (IQR: 3.2–7.2) years, 63 patients (16%) experienced MACE. Heart failure hospitalisation accounted for the majority of events (63%). The High-High subgroup showed significantly higher MACE rates than others (cumulative incidence (95% CI): 26.3% (16.2% to 35.2%), p<0.001). Low-High and High-High subgroups demonstrated a higher arrhythmic recurrence (p<0.001). After multivariate adjustment, the High-Low and High-High subgroups demonstrated progressively higher risks of MACE incidence compared with the Low-Low and Low-High subgroups. Both Low-High and High-High subgroups showed an elevated arrhythmic recurrence risk (both p<0.001).

Conclusions

Integrating pre-ablation and post-ablation BNP levels can be useful for identifying patients with persistent AF at high risk of MACE and arrhythmic recurrence during long-term follow-up.
Elevated 18:1 lysophosphatidylcholine contributes to neuropathic pain in peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Ren Jinxuan , Yu Lina , Lin Jiaqi , Liu Ying , Ma Longfei , huang Yangyuxin , Sun Na , Deng Yutao , Zhong Da , Zhou Binglin , Jiang Baochun , Yan Min
Published: February 2025

Background

Neuropathic pain is a maladaptive and chronic condition with limited effective treatments. Although recent studies have suggested that certain lipid metabolites, like lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), may contribute to chronic pain, their specific roles and mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective

This study investigated the role and mechanism of LPC(18:1), a lipid subtype, in neuropathic pain caused by nerve injury.

Methods

Using a mouse model of spinal nerve ligation, LPC(18:1) levels were measured in serum, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), spinal cord (SC) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Nociception was assessed using von Frey and Hargreaves’ methods, while molecular analyses explored inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress.

Results

LPC(18:1) levels significantly increased in the serum, DRG and CSF after nerve injury. Administration of LPC(18:1) induced heightened pain responses and activated inflammatory pathways, including protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) in the DRG, as well as glial cells in the SC. The findings suggested that oxidative stress played a role in LPC(18:1) production, and its effects were mediated by G protein-coupled receptor 132 (GPR132).

Conclusion

LPC(18:1) may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for managing neuropathic pain.
An End-Effector for Polishing Based on a Parallel Mechanism with 3-PSS + PS'
Authors: Liu Youyu , Zhou Xiangxiang , Wei Ping , Lu Songsong , Noor Abu Saleh Abdun
Published: February 2025

To enable a polishing tool to automatically adjust its posture and adapt to the surface of the workpiece, an end-effector based on a parallel mechanism with 3-PSS+PS' (Prismatic-Spherical-Spherical + Prismatic-Sphere-pin) was designed by using the reverse adaptive working principle. Based on the spiral theory, the degrees of freedom (DOF) of the mobile platform in the parallel mechanism are analyzed, And its DOF are verified according to the modified G-K formula. According to the kinematic analysis, the relationship between the plunger movement distance and the grinding wheel spatial pose is determined. The polishing force function between the grinding wheel and workpiece is obtained according to the analysis of the spatial pose of the grinding wheel. The main structural dimensions of the model were determined, and the physical model was given. The simulation analysis of the designed structure is carried out, the results show that: The end-effector can realize 3-DOF motion. The maximum rotation angle of the grinding wheel around the x-axis and y-axis is 7.68°and 6.68° respectively, which meets the design requirements. Within the working range, without controlling the end of a manipulator, the grinding wheel can adaptively compensate the trajectory error, and for different materials 45 steel, HT-200, 6061, the polishing force fluctuation is within 2.56% after stable polishing, which is basically constant.
Exploring $$\phi $$CDM model dynamics
Authors: Ntelis Pierros , Said Jackson Levi
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we introduce the

$$\phi $$

ϕ

CDM model, and we compare to the concordance model. We provide their epoch evolution, we perform a dynamical analysis to each model, and a comparative analysis between the two models. We revitalise these two models, since we study them in systems with higher number of variables. Furthermore, the

$$\phi $$

ϕ

CDM model is more complete than the one that we found in the literature, since we take into account all the so far discovered epochs, radiation, matter, and dark energy epochs. In contrast in the literature there is no study including the radiation epoch for this model. We find that both models can describe the generally accepted scenario of cosmic evolution, and current observations. Both models, describe qualitative and quantitative current observations about the epoch behaviour of the species of the universe. We find the

$$\phi $$

ϕ

CDM model has the following exotic transition from a dominant radiation energy density ratio epoch and a low dominant matter energy density ratio and high dominant radiation energy density ratio epoch, towards a dominant scalar potential energy density ratio epoch, in the matter-potential-scalar plane.
Reshaping News Communication Algorithms with Software Defined Network Control and Management
Authors: Wu Xiaobing
Published: February 2025

In the field of news communication, the application of artificial intelligence technology, combined with software-defined network control and management of news communication algorithms, has driven a profound reshaping of news communication models. This paper constructs an advanced news production module based on natural language processing technology, which can accurately extract key information from massive data, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of news production. In addition, this paper integrates hybrid recommendation algorithms with LDA topic models and incorporates control and management mechanisms of software-defined networks, further enhancing the accuracy of personalized news recommendations. The experimental results show that compared to other models, the model proposed in this paper exhibits better performance in news generation and recommendation, and can maintain high stability and accuracy in different datasets, effectively improving users’ news click-through rates and browsing time. At the same time, the model greatly enriches the amount of news information, providing users with a more accurate personalized news service experience, and effectively enhancing the effectiveness and influence of news dissemination.
Research on the Construction of Smart Learning Models Supported by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Diao Weiqing , Wang Yijin , An Yi , Zhang Yiheng
Published: February 2025

What kind of people to train, how to train them and for whom to train are the fundamental issues and eternal themes of education. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in recent years, as exemplified by deep learning and knowledge graphs, has opened up new avenues for innovation in education and modifications to teaching strategies. One of the most crucial subjects in the world of education nowadays is how to employ intelligent technology to encourage students to study intelligently. In the age of AI, smart learning is the fundamental meaning of education. The construction of smart learning models is the key and foundation for implementing smart learning, and it is also a bottleneck issue in research in this field. For the problem that it is difficult to characterize the intrinsic mechanism of intelligent learning, we propose the E-GPPE-C model of intelligent learning by utilizing AI technology, which can explain the operation mechanism, elements and characteristics of intelligent learning. Learning environment, learning route, learning assessment, learner image, educational knowledge map, as well as learning community make up the model. The base layer, service layer, support layer, application layer and key layer are all included in the model at the same time. We suggested the implementation approach of E-GPPE-C model from four perspectives: learning path suggestion, learner picture construction, learning community construction, and educational knowledge graph construction. These methods are based on algorithms linked to AI. The findings of this study lay the groundwork for the development of smart learning and the use of AI in the field of education, and provide a reference for subsequent research on smart learning models.
Research on Data Anomaly Detection Method Based on Software-Defined Network for Power Grid
Authors: Pan Yaoxin , Deng Xiaozhi , Yang YiYue , Fang Hongjia
Published: February 2025

Smart Grid (SG) has promoted a new round of technological changes in the electric power field. As various smart devices are connected to the network, real-time collection of power data makes it possible to accurately grasp the operating status of the power grid. When managing huge data in smart grids, we face problems such as the inability of third-party cloud storage to meet data privacy requirements, the high cost of data sharing between different systems, and the lack of effective sharing incentive mechanisms. In view of the problem that third-party cloud storage solutions cannot meet the problem of data security storage and privacy protection, we studied a smart grid power data storage solution based on blockchain. Use hash calculation on the original power data to obtain a fixed-length hash summary, and then upload the hash summary to the blockchain for storage. The original power data and summary information are stored on IPFS off-chain. We designed smart contracts to implement user identity authentication and query log records to reflect the power data circulation process. In particular, we design a Byzantine Fault Tolerance protocol (Aggregate-signature Byzantine Fault Tolerance, ABFT) based on aggregate signatures. This protocol reduces communication complexity by adjusting the node broadcast method, and is more suitable for use in scenarios with many nodes. A large number of experimental results show that the solution we proposed can resist common attack types, and has a greater improvement in data storage overhead, average delay and throughput compared with similar solutions.
An Effective Evaluation Method of College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Based on Data Mining Algorithm
Authors: Liu Zhiyao , Cui Aiping
Published: February 2025

In the evolving landscape of higher education, accurately assessing the impact of Innovation and Entrepreneurship (IE) education on college students is crucial. This study introduces a novel approach that leverages Transformer and BERT models to evaluate the educational outcomes effectively. The methodology begins with rigorous preprocessing of extensive textual data sourced from students’ submissions, including project proposals, reflective essays, and discussion forum contributions. At its core, the approach integrates the capabilities of Transformer and BERT models, combining their strengths in deep contextual understanding and nuanced feature extraction. This hybrid model enables a more advanced assessment of students’ innovative thinking and entrepreneurial skills. The evaluation is further refined using a series of metrics designed to measure various dimensions of IE education, such as creativity, problem-solving, market analysis, and business acumen. Comparative experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid model significantly outperforms traditional assessment methods across multiple metrics, offering a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the effectiveness of IE education in higher education institutions.
Construction of an Intelligent Alumni Network Platform and Research on Alumni Interaction
Authors: Wang Zhanyong , Wang Haiyan , Liu Zhiyao
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the critical need for advanced intelligent platforms to facilitate alumni network interaction, aligning with the evolving landscape of digital collaboration within higher education. Traditional methods for alumni network construction often face limitations in scalability, adaptability, and dynamic reconfiguration, which hinder effective engagement, data exchange, and real-time communication. To address these challenges, we present an innovative Intelligent Alumni Network Platform (IANP) framework. Built on adaptive modularity principles, the platform integrates novel methods such as dynamic load balancing, fault-tolerant scheduling, and latency-aware optimization, which enhance its ability to adapt to changing network conditions and user demands. Central to our approach is the Adaptive Modularity Network (AMN) and the Intelligent Network Synergy (INS) strategy, which collectively enable seamless, efficient interaction across a heterogeneous network of alumni nodes, ensuring optimal resource utilization and improved user experience. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in network performance, including a 40% reduction in communication latency, enhanced task distribution efficiency, and superior resilience against operational disruptions. By combining theoretical rigor and practical utility, this work sets a foundation for next-generation intelligent alumni interaction systems, contributing significantly to the digital transformation of alumni engagement and offering a sustainable framework for long-term community building.
Design of Intelligent Integrated Testing Platform for Old Residential Areas in Nantong City
Authors: Zhang Jing , Bao Wenbo , Chen Laicong , Ni Ziyi , Dong Junhan , Zhou Meirong
Published: February 2025

In view of the current problem of various cracks in the old residential areas, and the fact that these cracks may cause safety risks to the building, it is particularly important to carry out real-time monitoring, so as to give early warning in advance and take Corresponding safety measures. In this paper, it is proposed to use steel rulers, feeler gauges and acoustic detectors to measure the length, width and depth of cracks and establish an intelligent and integrated big data monitoring platform to monitor cracks in old residential areas in real time and give early warning to ensure that the houses are in a safe state. Through the big data system, the platform solves the problems of lagging traditional manual inspection, inefficient resource allocation and extensive management and lays the foundation for subsequent housing construction safety identification and crack treatment.
Fisher information and Shannon entropy under the cotangent hyperbolic potential model
Authors: Deji-Jinadu B. B. , Onate C. A. , Ajani O. O.
Published: February 2025

A Schrödinger equation is solved for a cotangent hyperbolic potential using the elegant parametric Nikiforov–Uvarov method. The results obtained are used to calculate the Fisher information for position space and momentum space as well as the Shannon entropy for position space and momentum space at the ground state. The energies of the cotangent potential are observed to be fully bounded for different quantum states. The Fisher information satisfied the Fisher relation known as Cramer–Rao inequality for the Fisher product. Its result also obeyed the Heisenberg principle as its alternative for uncertainty measurement. However, the Shannon entropy only satisfied the Bialynick-Birula, Mycielski inequality for higher values of the screening parameter. Its relation to the Heisenberg principle failed as both the position space and the momentum space are parallel with high entropy squeezing. This potential has not been reported for any system to the best of our understanding.