bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Quality Modeling Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool: A Case Study of Rawal Watershed
Authors: Qayyum Tayyaba , Shakoor Abdul
Published: September 2022

The water quality of Rawal watershed has been highly deteriorated because of increased concentration of organic nitrogen and phosphorous coming from non-point sources causing eutrophication. The main objective of this study was to use a watershed scale model SWAT (Soil & Water Assessment Tool) as a modeling tool for predicting the impact of the Land Use change on water quality of Rawal Lake. Specific objectives were to (a)develop pollution source inventory mapping(b) quantify the pollutant load (organic nitrogen and phosphorus) with respect to Land Use change that causes eutrophication and (c) model the alternative Best Management Practices (BMP’s) and evaluate their effectiveness. In the pre field phase the collection and preprocessing of data (DEM & Landsat images (30m resolution)) was done. Land Use (2001 & 2010) classification was done using Landsat imagery in ArcGIS. For the pollution source inventory, mapping the study area was surveyed. In the post field phase the model was calibrated (2002-2006) by using the observed and simulated surface runoff data and then validated (2007-2010) .The, model’s accuracy was further verified by using R2 and Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). SWAT simulations resulted in 392.40 % and 391.72 % increase in the quantity of organic nitrogen and phosphorus with respect to Land Use change (2001 & 2010). By the application of BMP’s such as   filter strips, the average reduction in the concentration of N could be 75.155% while that of P could be 96.93%, similarly by the application of terracing the average reduction in the concentration of N could be 52.73% while that of P could be 94.18% in the selected sub basins. By the application of contouring the average reduction of 35.64% for N and 92.09% for P could be achieved. This study would provide decision maker a source of information on most feasible and cost effective BMP’s.
DEEPCADD: A Deep Neural Network for Automatic Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Freitas Samuel A. , Ramos Gabriel de O. , Costa Cristiano André da
Published: September 2022

Doenças cardiovasculares representam a causa número um de óbitos no mundo, e inclui a doença mais comum na saúde cardíaca, chamada de doença arterial coronariana (DAC). DAC é causada principalmente pelo acúmulo de gordura no interior das paredes arteriais, criando uma placa aterosclerótica que impacta o comportamento funcional no fluxo sanguíneo. As características anatômicas das placas são essenciais para a correta avaliação funcional das DACs. De fato, não há métodoúnico para avaliar todos os segmentos da artéria coronária com alta acurácia. O panorama apresentado, evidencia a necessidade de novas técnicas aplicadas em exames de imagem para melhorar a avaliação funcional de doenças arteriais coronarianas, substituindo etapas manuais com detecção automática de lesões. Esse estudo apresenta uma arquitetura de rede neural para detecção de objetos, chamada DeepCADD para determinar a posição da lesão em exames de angiografias em artérias coronárias esquerdas. Usando uma rede neural convolucional baseada em regiões (Mask R-CNN), nós buscamos atingir precisão comparável ao padrão-ouro, automatizando uma etapa manual no protocolo atual. Nós substituímos o backbone da Mask R-CNN com uma rede ResNet-50 treinada com segmentos de artérias coronárias para melhorar a detecção de pequenos objetos em imagens de angiografia. Nós também treinamos o DeepCADD com angiografias coletadas em uma instituição de saúde local. DeepCADD apresentou melhores resultados de sensibilidade em comparação com os estudos relacionados e correlação significante com os especialistas durante a validação, o que sugere seu uso no protocolo atual da angiografia. DeepCADD aumentou a correlação entre os especialistas e proveu sugestões de DAC, especialmente em lesões com vários segmentos afetados, diferenciando a arquitetura proposta da atual literatura. DeepCADD detecta um grande número de candidatos verdadeiros positivos para a posterior quantificação das lesões. Com isso, esperamos expandir o uso do DeepCADD para as demais artérias e para a avaliação dinâmica de lesões em estudos posteriores.
As Lógicas Institucionais e os Sistemas Emergentes no Contexto de Sistemas de Informação em Saúde
Authors: Silva Sandro Luís Freire de Castro , Fornazin Marcelo , Santos Rodrigo Pereira dos
Published: September 2022

A transformação digital viabilizou inovações substanciais na prática profissional em saúde. Se por um lado as tecnologias avançam, por outro, os problemas clássicos perduram. Na maioria dos estudos em computação, tais problemas são discutidos do ponto de vista técnico e, por vezes, sem diálogo com outras áreas de conhecimento. No entanto, quando isso acontece, elementos até então desconhecidos podem surgir, como a utilização frequente de sistemas considerados emergentes no contexto da saúde. A relevância desses sistemas motivou a elaboração desta tese, que tem como objetivo compreender o papel dos sistemas emergentes na saúde apresentando uma perspectiva multidisciplinar do tema. Para tal, foi utilizada a Teoria Institucional como lente teórica, tendo como base a coexistência de lógicas institucionais para análise do fenômeno. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas, sendo que a primeira consistiu na realização de quatro estudos exploratórios, três mapeamentos sistemáticos da literatura e um estudo de campo. Por sua vez, a segunda apresentou um estudo de caso interpretativo para observação dos sistemas emergentes à luz da perspectiva das lógicas institucionais. A principal contribuição desta tese é a apresentação de uma forma de observar a dinâmica de uso de sistemas de informação em saúde por meio de uma visão mais abrangente que considera o artefato tecnológico parte de um contexto dinâmico.
Development of a portable labor-contraction monitor based on mechanomyography
Authors: Chaves Juliana N. , Yehia Hani C. , Martins Henrique R.
Published: September 2022

Mechanomyography is a technique that measures the mechanical signal observed from the muscle surface during the contraction. It is expected to be a promising tool to evaluate uterine dynamics even though the uterus contraction is known to be involuntary. This study aimed to describe the development of a portable device based on mechanomyography to monitor uterine contraction. To assess the system was performed isometric contractions of the rectus femoris muscle with varying loads. The acquired data showed that the system could identify each contraction's onset, offset, and amplitude. The sensors and the system architecture proved to be a promising tool for the desired application.
Extração de Características de Imagens Mamográficas Baseada em Técnicas de Aprendizado Profundo
Authors: Matos Ariadne N. , Ambrósio Paulo E.
Published: September 2022

Apesar dos constantes avanços no combate ao câncer de mama, ainda é uma das principais causas no óbito de mulheres. A partir do avanço tecnológico, as técnicas de deep learning podem auxiliar na detecção e classificação dos nódulos, o que contribui com o diagnóstico. Apresentamos, neste artigo a proposta e a construção uma rede neural convolucional juntamente com técnicas de regularização denominada MiDNet para extração de características de imagens mamográficas. O modelo foi validado com o conjunto de dados da base CBIS DDSM e Mini DDSM, obtendo índices de acurácia com 98 por cento para diferenciação de massas e 74 por cento para classificação de imagens em benignas ou malignas.
Investigando a relação entre os aminoácidos de proteínas do vírus da dengue e o desfecho clínico do paciente
Authors: Queiroz Diego , Cunha Fagner , Souza Leonardo Rodrigues , Colonna Juan G.
Published: September 2022

Neste trabalho propomos um método simplificado para representar proteínas do vírus da dengue e classificá-las de acordo com a severidade da infecção, sendo estas clássica e severa. Essas classes identificam o desfecho clínico do paciente, permitindo relacionar a composição genômica do vírus e a reação que esse causou nos pacientes. Para isso, transformamos as sequências proteicas em um conjunto de redes complexas (grafos), a partir das quais foram gerados histogramas com o grau dos nós. As representações foram classificadas por uma Árvore de Decisão. Para validação empregou-se o método Leave-One-Out. O classificador atingiu uma área média sob a curva ROC de 70% a 84%.
Modelagem de Captura de Movimentos para Estudo da Estabilidade Corporal Utilizando Kinect
Authors: Oliveira Givaldo S. de , Menuchi Marcos R. T. P. , Ambrósio Paulo E.
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo obter um modelo de utilização do sensor de movimento Kinect para experimentação e análise da cinemática corporal, com vistas ao estudo das oscilações posturais, uma vez que a literatura traz pouca informação sobre modelos computacionais utilizados na utilização de dispositivos de captura de movimentos. Portanto, uma rotina para o cálculo do CM foi desenvolvida com a utilização do método cinemático e de dados antropométricos para processar os dados em conjunto com os teste em postura ortostática (teste estático).
Entre como poética do acontecimento teatral
Authors: Lazzareti Angelene
Published: September 2022

O presente texto reflete sobre a noção de entre como poética do acontecimento teatral. A partir das artes cênicas e da filosofia, o entre é compreendido neste trabalho como trama dos corpos e do acontecimento artístico, agindo como força relacional. O entre se apresenta como conflito e contágio, mas também como ponte extensiva e lugar tanto para os corpos (de atores e de espectadores), quanto para o acontecimento teatral.
Sob melancolia histórica: o pós-64 em “Moço em estado de sítio”, de Oduvaldo Vianna Filho
Authors: Toledo Paulo Bio , Lima Nathália Cioffi de
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho se propôs a examinar a elaboração da melancolia em Moço em estado de sítio, de Oduvaldo Vianna Filho, escrita logo após o golpe militar de 1964. Por meio da leitura analítica dessa produção dramatúrgica, foi analisado de que forma as tensões e desavenças que permeiam as personagens centrais, bem como a própria estrutura da narrativa, traçam uma espécie de diagnóstico melancólico do país diante da fratura social e do mal estar advindos do regime militar, assim como da estagnação de uma geração de intelectuais e artistas que se viu, após 64, igualmente sitiada.
Jorge Andrade e a consagração de um monstro sagrado
Authors: Ferreira Antonio Gilberto Porto
Published: September 2022

Este artigo foi concebido na pesquisa desenvolvida para a elaboração da tese de doutorado e tem como objetivo promover uma reflexão sobre o artigo que o dramaturgo Jorge Andrade publicou na Revista Anhembi nº 87 de fevereiro de 1958, onde descreve a excelência do trabalho de Cacilda Becker, principalmente na montagem de Pega-Fogo, espetáculo assistido pelo autor em 1950, colocando a atriz no patamar da genialidade dos monstros sagrados do teatro.
Entre o teatro e o cinema: o Teatro Municipal e o Clube Teatral Artur Azevedo em São João del-Rei - MG
Authors: Guilarduci Cláudio José , Fernandes Marcos Antônio , Martins Mateus de Carvalho
Published: September 2022

Este artigo analisa as construções e transformações de tradicionais espaços teatrais por conta da introdução das exibições cinematográficas na cidade de São João del-Rei – MG, na primeira metade do século XX. Os edifícios tomados como amostras deste estudo são o Teatro Municipal, que iniciou suas atividades em 1893, e o teatro do Clube Teatral Artur Azevedo, inaugurado em 1951. Para a realização da presente análise, foram utilizados projetos arquitetônicos, fotografias, jornais e outros documentos de modo a promover um entendimento sobre os processos criativos materiais dos edifícios abordados, bem como de suas transformações.
O processo documental no espetáculo Mi Vida Después: a transformação da vivência em experiência
Authors: Valença Ernesto Gomes , Schinelo Letícia Pavão
Published: September 2022

O artigo propõe uma análise da peça Mi Vida Después, da encenadora argentina Lola Arias, considerando o modo como a combinação de elementos testemunhais, de representação e de apresentação de documentos estabelece sobreposições temporais no espetáculo. O tempo da ditadura militar argentina, vivido pelas atrizes e atores quando ainda crianças, é colocado em perspectiva com o tempo atual dos personagens adultos, configurando o tempo da representação propriamente dita. Esse jogo de temporalidades é analisado a partir do contraste entre as noções de “experiência” e “vivência” na obra de Walter Benjamin e, em especial, do conceito de “estrutura de sentimentos”, desenvolvido por Raymond Williams. Por fim, levando em conta essa sobreposição de temporalidades, são tecidas considerações sobre um espetáculo de treze anos atrás, criado no contexto cultural e social da Argentina, e se ele teria algo a dizer ao Brasil atual.
Copeau e os laboratórios da infância: as brincadeiras de seus filhos, ou, melhor dizendo, le tout rond
Authors: Scalari Rodrigo Cardoso
Published: September 2022

O projeto pedagógico de Jacques Copeau para a renovação da arte do ator e do teatro inspirou-se de diferentes fontes. Uma das mais importantes foi a infância, verdadeiro objeto de observação e de experimentação em pelo menos quatro ocasiões que aqui são designadas como “laboratórios da infância”. Neste texto, busca-se colocar em evidência o primeiro desses laboratórios, aquele que se refere ao conjunto de brincadeiras e jogos inventados pelos três filhos de Copeau e nomeado pelos mesmos como le tout rond. Constata-se então a importância do círculo familiar de Jacques Copeau em sua empreitada teatral, podendo-se observar uma rica dinâmica retroalimentativa entre vida e arte no contexto aqui retratado.
Uma crônica do encontro: entrevista com Barbara Heliodora em 2007
Authors: Stark Andrea Carvalho
Published: September 2022

O presente texto é uma entrevista com a professora, tradutora e crítica teatral Barbara Heliodora (1923-2015) realizada presencialmente em sua casa no Rio de Janeiro, em fevereiro de 2007, para uma revista americana. A entrevista pautou temas sobre o teatro carioca de 2007, o ensino das artes cênicas na universidade e modos de produção. Entendemos que se trata de um documento histórico e sua publicação se torna um resgate da memória do teatro carioca/brasileiro no período entre séculos.
A ópera chinesa nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Carlson Marvin , Santana Esther Marinho
Published: September 2022

Este artigo apresenta um panorama das óperas chinesas nos Estados Unidos da América. Em perspectiva histórica, destaca as primeiras montagens de espetáculos tradicionais a partir da chegada de imigrantes vindos de Guangdong para a Califórnia, no século XIX, e discute o desenvolvimento e a irradiação do gênero também nos palcos de Nova York, ao longo dos séculos seguintes.
Editorial - Dossiê Temático: Corpo e(n)cena e (des)educação - Parte II
Authors: Gonçalves Jean Carlos
Published: September 2022

O presente dossiê apresenta, em meio a uma série de perguntas e questões que constituem as pesquisas dos integrantes de seu comitê editorial, um escopo rico e fértil de discussões acadêmico-científicas escritas por pesquisadores interessados em articular relações entre Corpo e(n)cena e (des)educação.
Predicting the Impact of Internet of Things on the Value Added for the Agriculture Sector in Iran Using Mathematical Methods
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran, FaghihKhorasani Hanieh , FaghihKhorasani Abbas ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2022

In terms of water resources, Iran has less fresh water than its population demands. Also, due to climate change, inefficient management and excessive consumption of this vital resource, the water shortage situation is becoming more critical day by day. Searching for a solution for sustainable use of water sources, this study proposes utilizing the Internet of things technology in order to implement smart irrigation in agricultural lands in Iran. Investigating the economic impact of the Internet of Things in Iran’s agriculture sector is the purpose of this article. The most important advantages of using smart irrigation are decreasing water consumption and increasing the productivity of agricultural yields (e.g., fruits, vegetables, etc.). This research attempts to predict Iran's economic growth in the event of smart irrigation implementation in agricultural fields and farms. The effect of investment in smart irrigation on water consumption and agricultural production is estimated by regression with cross-sectional data. In the end, by using the information obtained through the mathematical method, Iran's economic growth through GDP growth is estimated in the case if the Internet of things technology is fully implemented and the full benefits of using this technology are gained.
Corporate Transparency, Sustainable Development and SDG 2 and 12 in Agriculture: The Case of Ukraine
Authors: Makarenko Inna , Plastun Alex , Kozmenko Serhiy , Kozmenko Olga , Rudychenko Artem
Published: September 2022

This paper explored sustainability transparency and SDGs 2 and 12 disclosure and its influence on their overall efficiency, using data from Ukrainian agricultural companies. To do this Sustainability Transparency Index (STI) methodology is developed and used. The following hypothesis is tested: the higher the STI score is, the better position of the company is among its peers. For these purposes, STI index is calculated for the top100 Ukrainian agriculture companies. Correlation analysis, Granger causality tests and regression analysis provide evidences in favour of high dependence of position in top100 from the STI score: the more efforts companies invest into Sustainability Transparency, the higher the position in ranking is. This is direct evidence that companies’ sustainability transparency is an important element of its activity nowadays. Recommendations to improve sustainability transparency based on suitable reporting practices are provided in this paper.
Shareholder Value Generation within the Agro-Food Financial Supply Chain
Authors: Toušek Zdeněk , Hinke Jana , Malinská Barbora , Prokop Martin
Published: September 2022

The article aims to define the Czech Agro-Food supply chain and develop financial metrics to quantify the economic value added generated within the supply chain. The study is based on a sample of complete financial statements from 2011 to 2018 from the agro-food organisations. The authors prove that the retail sale sector generates high shareholder value. Contrary to that, the wholesale sector´s shareholder value deteriorated over the respective period owing to reinforced capital intensity measures, resulting in low profitability. A special case is primary agricultural production, where the low shareholder value is offset by public transfers influencing all value drivers either directly or non-directly. These constantly changed, both in the single sector and financial supply chain, thus concluding the latter is dynamic in its nature. The primary agricultural production (Agro) faced specific conditions due to significant public transfers in the form of subsidies etc., thus influencing non/directly all shareholders´ value drivers and consequently reducing the originally expected vulnerability. The authors have found that the shareholder value is not generated and distributed evenly within the Czech Agro-Food supply chain; therefore, the “scissors” are expending in favour of the Retail sector at the expense of the others, especially of the Agro sector.
Santiago Auserón, Arte sonora. En las fuentes del pensamiento heleno
Authors: Silvera Francisco
Published: September 2022

Santiago Auserón, Arte sonora. En las fuentes del pensamiento heleno. Barcelona: Editorial Anagrama S. A., 2022, 750 págs.
Audiofilias y audiofobias: notas sobre el ‘revival’ de la música en vinilo
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Roig Antoni
Published: September 2022

Se ha dado a conocer recientemente que en 2021 la venta de discos de vinilo en España ha superado, por primera vez en más de treinta años, la del CD. Esta noticia, coherente con una tendencia bien conocida en otros países, ha generado en los medios una relativa sorpresa, y ha revitalizado debates sobre el porqué de esta aparente paradoja y tertulias sobre «qué formato es superior».
Pedagogical and Political Activity of Pēteris Sauleskalns (1876–1975), a Graduate (1908) of Riga Polytechnic Institute
Authors: Zvirgzdiņš Indulis
Published: September 2022

In the study dedicated to Pēteris Sauleskalns (1876–1975), a graduate of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), an agronomist, pedagogue, and teacher, the author used archival and library materials describing the family of Sauleskalns and the childhood of his son Pēteris, his study and work life, and pedagogical activities at Priekuļi (1912–1918) and Latgale (1921–1936) / Malnava (1936– 1940) Agricultural Secondary Schools, evaluating his contribution to the establishment and management of the Malnava Agricultural Secondary School. The teacher with a long-term experience, P. Sauleskalns also participated in political life – he represented the Latvian Farmers’ Union at the Latvian Constitutional Assembly (1920–1922). For his successful work in the area of agricultural education, he was twice awarded the highest Latvian state award – the Order of the Three Stars. After World War II, he lived in exile in the United States.
ПРЕГЛЕД ДОСАДАШЊИХ ИСТРАЖИВАЊА ДЕФОРМИТЕТА СТОПАЛА КОД ДЈЕЦЕ ОД 6. ДО 11. ГОДИНЕ
Authors: Николић Дијана , Николић Тијана
Published: September 2022

Деформитети стопала код дјеце, као и деформитети читавог локомоторног апарата, постају глобални проблем данашњице усљед седентарног начина живота, лоше исхране и смањења тјелесне активности. Важност превенције појаве деформитета стопала код дјеце је непроцјенљива. Циљ овог истраживања јесте приказати преглед досадашњих истраживања деформитета стопала код дјеце узраста од 6. до 11. година живота. Истраживање је вршено мета- анализом 50 научно-истраживачких страних радова. На основу анализираних радова долази се до закључка да је присутност деформитета стопала подједнако заступљена и код дјечака и код дјевојчица. Највећи утицај на појаву деформитета стопала код дјеце млађег школског узраста има обућа коју дијете носи, а први знаци постојања деформитета су болови у стопалима.
САМОЕВАЛУАЦИЈА И ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНИ РАЗВОЈ НАСТАВНИКА
Authors: Јовичић Лидија
Published: September 2022

Напредак савремене школе у савременом друштву није могућ без професионалне едукације свих запослених у њој. Напуштањем традиционалне школе и традиционалног схватања образовања помјера се граднице ка што квалитетнијем и упорнијем напредовању како свих васпитно-образовних радника тако и друштва у цјелини. Наставнику се као организатору васпитно-образовне дјелатности повећава одговорност у оспособљавању младих за квалитетан рад у модерном друштву, чиме он уједно постаје носилац промјена који је спреман за самообразовање, самоевалицаију и професионални развој. У раду акценат стављамо на важност и значај стручних компетенција наставника с циљем да се испита процјена и самопроцјена стручних кометенија наставника које се односе на самоевалуацију и професионални развој. Истраживањем смо обухватили 26 основних школа, на подручју Републике Српске, а узорак су чинили наставници, директори и стручни сарадници, односно њих 722.
Distribution of Aluminium in the Water Supply System of Sofia City, Bulgaria
Authors:   Department of Water, Sewerage, Water and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Hydraulic Engineering, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, 1 Hr. Smirnenski Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, Angelova Irina , Yotova Galina ,   Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohrisdki”, 1 J. Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, Mihaylova Veronika ,   Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohrisdki”, 1 J. Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria, Venelinov Tony ,   Department of Water, Sewerage, Water and Wastewater Treatment, Faculty of Hydraulic Engineering, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, 1 Hr. Smirnenski Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: September 2022

Elevated concentrations of aluminium have been found at the outlets of the Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTPs) of Sofia city, Bulgaria and in separate sampling points in the water supply network. Cluster analysis is performed for multivariate data interpretation of the distribution of aluminium (Al) concentrations during 2019 at 19 water sampling points (2 DWTPs outlets and 17 points within the city water supply system). Although the concentration of aluminium in the outlet of the treatment plants differ significantly, both of them fall into the same cluster, as the concentrations during the year change in the same manner. The formed cluster of both the treatment plants and most of the studied sampling points indicate the mixed origin of the purified water and proves that the concentration of Al in tap water is dominated by the qualities and quantities from the different sources of the supplied water, rather than by the secondary processes in the network for areas with predominant steel and polyethylene pipes. A distinct exception are the areas with old asbestos cement pipelines where potential release of the metal from the cement affects the Al distribution in the water supply system.
Physiological Responses of the Roots of 16 Camellia Oleifera Varieties to Aluminum Stress and Screening of Aluminum-tolerant Genotypes
Authors:   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization, of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China, Huang Liyuan , Liu Jie ,   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization, of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste Resources, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
Published: September 2022

Targeting 16 varieties of Camellia oleifera planted in different regions, this paper explores the influence of aluminum (Al) stress over several physiological indices, namely, root activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, proline content, and soluble sugar content and evaluates the overall Al tolerance of each variety. The purpose is to identify the difference between different C. oleifera varieties in physiological indices under Al stress, and to screen the varieties with relatively strong Al tolerance. The results show that: Al stress lowered the root activity and SOD activity, while enhancing MDA content, H2O2 content, proline content, soluble sugar content, and Al content. But the physiological indices of different C. oleifera varieties changed by vastly different amplitudes under Al stress. The variation amplitudes of root activity, MDA content, SOD activity, H2O2 content, proline content, soluble sugar content, and Al content were -47.06%-42.86%, 12.50%-133.33%,-8.33%%-26.28%, 11.11%-71.88%, 76.47%-420.00%, 4.97%-56.41%, and 23.43%-101.12%, respectively. Furthermore, the Al tolerance coefficients of the 16 C. oleifera varieties were analyzed comprehensively by membership functions. The results show that C. oleifera ‘Huajin’, C. oleifera ‘Huashuo’, and C. oleifera ‘Huaxin’ have relatively strong Al tolerance, while C. oleifera ‘Ganyou No.2’, C. oleifera ‘Ganxing No.48’, and C. oleifera ‘Ganzhou No.70’ have relatively weak Al tolerance.
Developing a blockchain-based digitally secured model for the educational sector in Saudi Arabia toward digital transformation
Authors: Alangari Someah , Alshahrani Saeed M. , Khan Nayyar Ahmed , Alghamdi Abdulrahman Abdullah , Almalki Jameel , Al Shehri Waleed
Published: September 2022

New universities and educational organizations are increasing in Saudi Arabia with the increase in the need for high-quality education. This increased the need for a fast transformation to digitise the educational system in Saudi Arabia, which is one of the important pillars of the Saudi Vision 2030. The students who study in these organizations suffer the verification of academic records and other educational documents. Students who want to study at universities abroad also face the challenge of academic records and certificates verification. A secure, fast, and transparent model is required in the education sector in order to verify academic certificates issued by various educational organizations. Blockchain technology can be used with high data security to empower the educational sector of Saudi Arabia in the digital transformation and to help the educational organizations in verifying academic documents. In order to avoid any document fraud and forgery, along with the ease of verification of academic records and educational documents for the students. This research focuses on developing a model which will be helpful in achieving digital transformation in academic document verification by blockchain technology.
A spectacular new species ofHyloscirtus(Anura: Hylidae) from the Cordillera de Los Llanganates in the eastern Andes of Ecuador
Authors: Reyes-Puig Juan P. , Recalde Darwin , Recalde Fausto , Koch Claudia , Guayasamin Juan M. , Cisneros-Heredia Diego F. , Jost Lou , Yánez-Muñoz Mario H.
Published: September 2022

We have discovered a spectacular new species of frog in the genusHyloscirtus, belonging to theH. larinopygionspecies group. The adult female is characterized by a mostly black body with large bright red spots on the dorsal and ventral surface, extremities, and toe pads. The adult male is unknown. Small juveniles are characterized by a yellow body with variable black markings on the flanks; while one larger juvenile displayed irregular orange or yellow marks on a black background color, with light orange or yellow toe pads. Additional distinctive external morphological features such as cloacal ornamentation are described, and some osteological details are imaged and analyzed. The performed phylogeny places the new species as the sister to a clade consisting of ten taxa, all of which are part of theH. larinopygiongroup. We use genetic distances to fit the new species into a published time-calibrated phylogeny of this group; our analysis based on the published chronology suggests that the divergence of the new species from its known congeners pre-dates the Quaternary period. The new species is currently only known only from Cerro Mayordomo, in Fundación EcoMinga´s Machay Reserve, at 2,900 m in the eastern Andes of Tungurahua province, Ecuador, near the southern edge of Los Llanganates National Park, but its real distribution may be larger.
Improving Students’ Science Process Skills Using Argument-Driven-Inquiry (ADI) Laboratory Method
Authors: Belga Joan M.
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine the effects of the Argument-Driven-Inquiry (ADI) laboratory method on high school students’ science process skills. The study further investigated the method’s effect on students with different reasoning ability levels, namely the hypothetico-deductive, transitional, and empirical-inductive. A mixed method employing both quantitative and qualitative procedures for gathering data was employed. A quasi-experimental study using a 2 x 3 factorial design was implemented where Reasoning Ability Level was the moderating variable. The study was conducted on two intact classes of fourth-year students at Iloilo National High School-Special Science Class enrolled in the subject “College Physics”. Lawson’s Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning was utilized to categorize students according to their reasoning ability levels.  To measure students’ science process skills before and after the study, the Test for Integrated Process Skills II (TIPS II) was employed. Mean, standard deviations, t-test for independent samples, and one-way analysis of variance were determined as part of the statistical analyses. Results revealed that students in the two groups were comparable in terms of science process skills before the intervention was employed. However, exposure to the ADI laboratory method improved students’ science process skills better than exposure to the traditional laboratory method. Further, the improvement of students’ science process skills is deemed independent of the student’s reasoning ability level but relies mainly on the type of laboratory instruction.
Exploring Waste Tyres Problems and Sustainable Waste Management in the Tunisian Context
Authors: Abuzukhar Munir , Michael Hardman , Andrew Clark
Published: September 2022

Aims and Place of Study: Waste tyres represent one of the environmentally damaging fractions of the solid waste stream in Tunisia, where the problem of inefficient waste tyre management is endemic. This is easily identified by the piles of accumulating tyre waste located on both sides of many streets and in illegal places. therefore, the efficient management of this solid waste category is important given the large quantities generated annually. The difficulties represented by waste tyres in waste management stem from the physical and chemical characteristics of the tyres. Significant environmental problems can also arise due to improper management and disposal of waste tyres. However, in many Global South countries, including Tunisia, the management of waste tyres has not received adequate interest, and the waste tyres' processing, treatment and disposal are still nascent.

Methodology: This study attempts to establish the actions of stakeholders who have the responsibility for waste tyre management as an aspect of solid waste in Tunisia. This study also assesses and analyses important aspects of waste tyres management in Tunisia. A combination of two methods is employed in the present investigation: qualitative and quantitative, to determine the factors influencing the effective performance of tyre waste management practice in Tunisia. Data for the present research study was gained using relevant published literature, scientific journals, academic sources, other third sector sources such as government statistical data, and research derived from governments and other agencies and field observations. In addition to the semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in waste management, other interviews with actors including governmental, private, academic institutions and NGOs were carried out.

Results and Conclusion: The outcomes of this investigation and assessment are a wide-range outline concerning the participants that are important in tyre waste management and a set of aspects affecting the management of waste tyres. The information provided by this study is very critical for reviewing and updating the methods and tools to update waste tyres data and trends to improve tyre waste management system efficiency and suggesting management options of recovering and recycling this waste stream that is most sustainable and beneficial to the environment from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, for the Tunisian context. About current Tunisia’s waste tyre management systems, they have to be improved by introducing specific legislation, with sustainable finance, on the disposal of waste tyres and forming schemes to oversee and manage the country's waste tyre activities. The research has enabled the researcher to produce a set of recommendations to improve the management of waste tyres sustainably in Tunisia.
Knowledge of Malaria Preventive Measures in a Hyperendemic Rural Area of West Africa
Authors: Onuigbo H. N.
Published: September 2022

The Abuja Declaration on Roll Back Malaria in Africa on 25th April 2000 by 44 African heads of state and government adopted the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) as a preventive measure against the adverse effects of malaria among pregnant women in Africa. Similar optimism is expressed for the coverage of intermittent presumptive treatment (IPT) of Malaria infection among pregnant women across the continent. We conducted a community-based survey of recently pregnant women randomly selected from eight communities of Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria in June 2016, to study the level of knowledge of rural dwellers on the use of insecticide-treated bed nets by pregnant women. Among 300 households surveyed, 76.5% stated their high knowledge of and use of insecticide-treated bed nets during pregnancy. A greater population of women of these communities (88.5%) knew the dangers of malaria in pregnancy and to the unborn child. The coverage of a nationally recommended strategy to prevent malaria during pregnancy was high across all the communities studied. More sensitization and expansion of access to this service are required to meet the fullest meaning of the name “ROLL BACK malaria to where it came from”. The sealing up of malaria prevention programs through antenatal care (ANC) services should be encouraged with 78.2% of women still indulging in self-treatment of malaria during pregnancy. Issues of commodity supply and service-free costs to clients should be encouraged and sustained.
Health Insurance Coverage After the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency Ends
Authors: Wilensky Gail R.
Published: September 2022

This JAMA Forum discusses the potential ramifications after the COVID-19 public health emergency ends such as limiting telehealth, ending the continuous enrollment requirement in Medicaid, and decreasing regulatory flexibility that has allowed pharmacists to administer COVID-19 vaccines.
Recommendations for Medical and Mental Health Care in Assisted Living Based on an Expert Delphi Consensus Panel
Authors: Zimmerman Sheryl , Sloane Philip D. , Wretman Christopher J. , Cao Kevin , Silbersack Johanna , Carder Paula , Thomas Kali S. , Allen Josh , Butrum Kim , Chicotel Tony , Giorgio Pat , Hernandez Mauro , Kales Helen , Katz Paul , Klinger Juliet Holt , Kunze Margo , Laxton Christopher , McNealley Vicki , Meeks Suzanne , O’Neil Kevin , Pace Douglas , Resnick Barbara , Schwartz Lindsay , Seitz Dallas , Smetanka Lori , Van Haitsma Kimberly
Published: September 2022

Importance

Assisted living (AL) is the largest provider of residential long-term care in the US, and the morbidity of AL residents has been rising. However, AL is not a health care setting, and concern has been growing about residents’ medical and mental health needs. No guidance exists to inform this care.

Objective

To identify consensus recommendations for medical and mental health care in AL and determine whether they are pragmatic.

Evidence Review

A Delphi consensus statement study was conducted in 2021; as a separate effort, the extent to which the recommendations are reflected in practice was examined in data obtained from 2016 to 2021 (prepandemic). In the separate effort, data were from a 7-state study (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas). The 19 Delphi panelists constituted nationally recognized experts in medical, nursing, and mental health needs of and care for older adults; dementia care; and AL and long-term care management, advocacy, regulation, and education. One invitee was unavailable and nominated an alternate. The primary outcome was identification of recommended practices based on consensus ratings of importance. Panelists rated 183 items regarding importance to care quality and feasibility.

Findings

Consensus identified 43 recommendations in the areas of staff and staff training, nursing and related services, resident assessment and care planning, policies and practices, and medical and mental health clinicians and care. To determine the pragmatism of the recommendations, their prevalence was examined in the 7-state study and found that most were in practice. The items reflected the tenets of AL, the role of AL in providing dementia care, the need for pragmatism due to the diversity of AL, and workforce needs.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this consensus statement, 43 recommendations important to medical and mental health care in AL were delineated that are highly pragmatic as a guide for practice and policy.
Association of e-Cigarette Advertising, Parental Influence, and Peer Influence With US Adolescent e-Cigarette Use
Authors: Wang Yu , Duan Zongshuan , Weaver Scott R. , Self-Brown Shannon R. , Ashley David L. , Emery Sherry L. , Huang Jidong
Published: September 2022

Importance

Little is known about the roles of advertising and parental and peer influence in e-cigarette use among US adolescents in recent years, hindering efforts to address the increasing rate of youth vaping.

Objective

To examine how e-cigarette advertising exposure and parental and peer e-cigarette use were associated with e-cigarette use among US adolescents.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used data from waves 4 (December 2016 to January 2018), 4.5 (December 2017 to December 2018), and 5 (December 2018 to November 2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study, an on-going cohort study representative of the noninstitutionalized US population. Sample weights were applied to generate nationally representative estimates. Data were analyzed in January 2022.

Exposures

Past 30-day e-cigarette advertising exposure, past 30-day parental e-cigarette use, and the number of best friends using e-cigarettes (none, a few, some, most, and all).

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes were contemporary curiosity about using e-cigarettes and e-cigarette initiation at follow-up. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the weighted adjusted associations.

Results

Wave 4 included 8548 adolescents; wave 4.5, 10 073 adolescents; and wave 5, 11 641 adolescents. Among adolescents in the wave 4 survey, 4425 (51.1%) were boys, 1935 (24.9%) were aged 12 years, 1105 (13.0%) were Black, 2515 (24.4%) were Hispanic, and 3702 (52.3%) were White. More than 60% of adolescents reported past 30-day e-cigarette advertising exposure at each survey. Among adolescents who had never used e-cigarettes, those who reported e-cigarette advertising exposure were more likely to feel curious about using e-cigarettes (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.56 [95% CI, 1.43-1.70]) and were more likely to become ever e-cigarette users (aOR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.05-1.41]) and current e-cigarette users (aOR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.16-1.75]) at follow-up. Adolescents who reported having best friends using e-cigarettes were more likely to feel curious about using e-cigarettes (eg, all best friends: aOR, 4.13 [95% CI, 2.35-7.26]) and initiate e-cigarette use at follow-up (eg, among adolescents reporting all best friends use e-cigarettes, risk of ever use: aOR, 4.08 [95% CI, 1.44-11.59]; risk of current use aOR, 5.42 [95% CI, 1.49-19.72]) than adolescents who reported having no best friends using e-cigarettes.

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study of US adolescents found that e-cigarette advertising and peer influence were significantly associated with e-cigarette initiation. Efforts to address youth vaping need to consider peer influence and incorporate measures reducing e-cigarette advertising exposure.
Randomized Clinical Trials of Machine Learning Interventions in Health Care
Authors: Plana Deborah , Shung Dennis L. , Grimshaw Alyssa A. , Saraf Anurag , Sung Joseph J. Y. , Kann Benjamin H.
Published: September 2022

Importance

Despite the potential of machine learning to improve multiple aspects of patient care, barriers to clinical adoption remain. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are often a prerequisite to large-scale clinical adoption of an intervention, and important questions remain regarding how machine learning interventions are being incorporated into clinical trials in health care.

Objective

To systematically examine the design, reporting standards, risk of bias, and inclusivity of RCTs for medical machine learning interventions.

Evidence Review

In this systematic review, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection online databases were searched and citation chasing was done to find relevant articles published from the inception of each database to October 15, 2021. Search terms for machine learning, clinical decision-making, and RCTs were used. Exclusion criteria included implementation of a non-RCT design, absence of original data, and evaluation of nonclinical interventions. Data were extracted from published articles. Trial characteristics, including primary intervention, demographics, adherence to the CONSORT-AI reporting guideline, and Cochrane risk of bias were analyzed.

Findings

Literature search yielded 19 737 articles, of which 41 RCTs involved a median of 294 participants (range, 17-2488 participants). A total of 16 RCTS (39%) were published in 2021, 21 (51%) were conducted at single sites, and 15 (37%) involved endoscopy. No trials adhered to all CONSORT-AI standards. Common reasons for nonadherence were not assessing poor-quality or unavailable input data (38 trials [93%]), not analyzing performance errors (38 [93%]), and not including a statement regarding code or algorithm availability (37 [90%]). Overall risk of bias was high in 7 trials (17%). Of 11 trials (27%) that reported race and ethnicity data, the median proportion of participants from underrepresented minority groups was 21% (range, 0%-51%).

Conclusions and Relevance

This systematic review found that despite the large number of medical machine learning–based algorithms in development, few RCTs for these technologies have been conducted. Among published RCTs, there was high variability in adherence to reporting standards and risk of bias and a lack of participants from underrepresented minority groups. These findings merit attention and should be considered in future RCT design and reporting.