bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Thrombectomy with or without Bridging Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Morsi Rami Z. , Zhang Yuan , Zhu Meng , Xie Shitong , Carrión-Penagos Julián , Desai Harsh , Tannous Elie , Kothari Sachin A. , Khamis Assem , Darzi Andrea J. , Tarabichi Ammar , Bastin Reena , Hneiny Layal , Thind Sonam , Siegler James E. , Coleman Elisheva R. , Mendelson Scott J. , Mansour Ali , Prabhakaran Shyam , Kass-Hout Tareq
Published: December 2023

Background: There is unclear added benefit of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the cost-effectiveness of comparing EVT with IVT versus EVT alone. Methods: We used a decision tree to examine the short-term costs and outcomes at 90 days after the occurrence of index stroke to compare the cost-effectiveness of EVT alone with EVT plus IVT for patients with stroke. Subsequently, we developed a Markov state transition model to assess the costs and outcomes over 1-year, 5-year, and 20-year time horizons. We estimated total and incremental cost, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Results: The average costs per patient were estimated to be $47,304, $49,510, $59,770, and $76,561 for EVT-only strategy and $55,482, $57,751, $68,314, and $85,611 for EVT with IVT over 90 days, 1 year, 5 years, and 20 years, respectively. The cost saving of EVT-only strategy was driven by the avoided medication costs of IVT (ranging from $8,178 to $9,050). The additional IVT led to a slight decrease in QALY estimate during the 90-day time horizon (loss of 0.002 QALY), but a small gain over 1-year and 5-year time horizons (0.011 and 0.0636 QALY). At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 per QALY gained, the probabilities of EVT only being cost-effective were 100%, 100%, and 99.3% over 90-day, 1-year, and 5-year time horizons. Conclusion: Our cost-effectiveness model suggested that EVT only may be cost-effective for patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion.
Introducing eco-literacy to early childhood students through digital learning
Authors: Ninsiana Widhiya , Septiyana Linda , Suprihatin Yeni
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study is to introduce eco-literacy in early childhood and to look into the role of digital media in increasing children's awareness of eco-literacy in the era of society 5.0 on daily environmental issues. This study applied a literature review of various sources related to eco-literacy through digital media, especially YouTube as well as interviewing class teachers. The results showed that introducing eco-literacy to elementary school students can be accomplished by telling stories, watching videos, or organizing field trips. There are four important points in developing an eco-literacy attitude: developing empathy, joining the community, making observable things visible, and asking children not to cause environmental damage. In addition to digital activities, efforts to improve ecological literacy should be extended through programs and exchanges regarding the need of environmental protection the 5R (refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, and rot) approach. Further studies in the same topic on teaching eco-literacy to elementary school students can be carried out in a more intensive way through relevant games to instill a love of the environment based on 5R strategies.
Does e-service for research and community service boost the performance of university lecturers?
Authors: Sari Dwi Oktaria , Putra Raniasa , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: December 2023

Indonesian universities are implementing various strategies to improve the quality and quantity of scientific publications. Sriwijaya University has restructured its research and community service grant services by implementing e-services through the new generation management information system of the institute of research and community service (SIM LPPM NG). Numerous studies have been performed to determine the factors that influence lecturer performance, particularly in scientific journals. The purpose of this research is to utilize a model to investigate the impact of system quality, information quality, and service quality on user satisfaction and performance. For partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), 280 respondents comprised the dataset. The results demonstrated that system quality, information quality, and service quality influence user satisfaction. Individual performance is influenced by the level of user satisfaction. According to the findings of this study, the DeLone and McLean information system success model can be used to evaluate obligatory e-services that are integrated.
Parenting style and students’ happiness in China
Authors: Satrio Prakrisno , Wu Lin , Cheng Chen , Qian Kuang , Ho Yi Ming , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: December 2023

This study examined the dynamic between perceived authoritarian parenting style (PAPS), and subjective wellbeing (SWB) among purposively recruited 423 college students in China. Expectancy value beliefs (EVB), fear of failure (FOF), and competitiveness were taken as mediators. The data were analyzed using Bootstrap method of 5000 sample and 95% confidence interval. The results revealed a significant negative total effect of PAPS on SWB. Additionally, two indirect paths were found to be significant: the mediation of FOF (Path 2) and the serial mediation of FOF and competitiveness (Path 6). These findings suggest that the perception of authoritarian parenting style is a negative predictor of students' happiness, and that FOF and competitiveness played important mediating roles in this relationship. These findings have important implications for educators, parents, and policymakers who aim to promote positive academic and personal outcomes for college students. The results suggest the need for interventions that address the negative impact of PAPS on students' wellbeing, and the importance of fostering positive beliefs about the value of education and academic achievement, as well as reducing FOF and promoting healthy competition.
Needs assessment: strategy of integration disaster education at elementary schools in disaster prone areas
Authors: Septikasari Zela , Retnawati Heri , Wilujeng Insih , Shaw Rajib , Handaka Irvan Budhi
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted to analyze integration disaster education strategies in elementary schools located in disaster-prone areas. This research is qualitative research using descriptive design. This research used interview instrument in data collection. The respondents were 23 elementary school teachers in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The results found that the integration of disaster education is carried out through subjects, study tours, discussions, and simulations. Strategies implemented in the integration of disaster education with interesting learning media, disaster training, improvement of school facilities and infrastructure, updating school disaster documents, and cooperation with disaster management institutions. The integration disaster education model expected by teachers is in the form of a website that contains separate materials for teachers and students. The website is expected to contain simple material packaged in the form of pictures, videos, sounds, animations, games, quizzes and songs. Maximizing integration disaster education strategies can be done by improving the internal and external quality of schools. School support, cooperation with disaster management stakeholders, the active role of teachers, and the support of school principals' policies in preparing for integration disaster education learning is expected so that disaster education can be implemented sustainably.
Burdening or boosting thematic subjects: students’ team-assisted individualization learning model
Authors: Rodhiyah Syifa Robby , Sumekto Didik Rinan , Setyawati Heny , Setiawan Ari
Published: December 2023

Team-assisted individualization (TAI) learning accommodates the primary school students’ learning activities through the cooperative and individual learning models. The study aims at investigating students’ TAI cooperative and conventional learning models among third-graders’ thematic subjects two public primary schools in Klaten district, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental research design was applied by involving 20 experiment and 18 control groups respectively. Data collection used the multiple-choice tests of thematics subjects to measure the third-graders’ TAI cooperative and conventional learning in arts, culture, and life skills and Indonesian subjects. Data analysis used a non-parametric statistic to prove the mean difference test in two or more groups, descriptive test, T-tests, Mann Whitney-U test, and N-gain test. The results showed an increase in the experiment group higher than in the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the experiment and control groups after examining the multiple-choice tests. The results supported the thematic subjects of the characteristics of living things in arts, culture, and life skills, and Indonesian teaching since proving the third-graders’ learning improvement naturally and objectively. This study concludes that TAI’s cooperative and conventional learning models accommodate the learning activities although its implication does not contribute significantly.
PBLRQA model to the development of metacognitive awareness in pre-service teachers
Authors: Leasa Marleny , Rengkuan Mariana , Batlolona John Rafafy
Published: December 2023

Metacognition is one of the key learning skills in the 21st century, with a strong potential to help students succeed in science learning. Until now, this metacognitive awareness is less empowered by lecturers in learning. This study aimed to analyze the problem-based learning (PBL) reading-questioning-answering (PBLRQA) model's effect on metacognitive awareness in pre-service teachers. This research is a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Determination of the research sample class was carried out by random sampling. Each learning model was represented by PBLRQA and PBL class. The number of classes used was 2, totaling 57 students. The instrument used was the metacognitive awareness inventory (MAI). This inventory comprised 52 statement items divided into planning, monitoring, evaluating, and revising skills. An important finding in this research is that students' metacognitive awareness in learning with PBL and PBLRQA is not significantly different. Thus, the PBLRQA and PBL models can still be used in students' science learning to encourage metacognitive awareness, so that academic success can be achieved.
Problem-based learning with iSpring assisted inquiry method on critical thinking skills
Authors: Lestari Pinta Dewi , Baiduri Baiduri , Ummah Siti Khoiruli
Published: December 2023

Student’s critical thinking skills that are currently still low are important to develop because they affect the way students think in solving problems. The problem-based learning model with the inquiry method used to help improve student’s critical thinking skills. The iSpring learning media used can help students understand the material. The research results were obtained from the output of the paired sample t-test, a significance value 0.05, so it was concluded that there was a difference between before applying the learning model and after applying the learning model. The results of the questionnaire responses to the media also resulted in positive responses from students.
Digital assessment: impact on student motivation, peer learning, group dynamics
Authors: Tomar Sarika , Arundhathi Arundhathi , Gupta Shikha , Sharma Mansi
Published: December 2023

As universities shifted to online education with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both pedagogy and assessment patterns across disciplines underwent a change, with a shift towards collaborative digital assessments. In this context, using qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection from an assessment conducted for 55 students who worked in groups to create YouTube videos on pre-selected modules, our analysis reveals that this assessment tool had a significant impact on peer learning, motivation and group dynamics. Students were more motivated to learn and share their learning, and they could also successfully engage in recognising and addressing group dynamics, thereby cultivating more than just subject knowledge. This finding aligns with existing scholarship and the paper adds to research about pedagogy and assessment via digital education in the Indian context, which is still upcoming.
Teaching speaking in Kampung Inggris: the tutors’ challenges and solutions
Authors: Andriani Agis , Abdullah Fuad , Hidayati Arini Nurul , Syafira Noer Aini Nanda
Published: December 2023

Teaching English speaking has become a centre of attention among scholars and teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL) practitioners for a few decades. However, the issue of teaching English speaking in Kampung Inggris/English Village remains under-researched, notably viewed from the tutors’ challenges and solutions in the Indonesian English as a foreign language (EFL) milieu. This study addressed this gap. Two English tutors from Kampung Inggris/English Village got involved as the participants. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed with thematic analysis. The findings reported that there were five challenges encountered by tutors when teaching English speaking, namely tutors' inability of exploring English language teaching materials, tutors' insufficient English vocabulary, tutors' ineffective time management during language teaching practices, demotivated tutees to learn English, and perceived teaching anxiety. In addition, the tutors stipulated four solutions to cope with such challenges, namely building a good rapport between tutor and tutees, tutors' self-motivation to English vocabulary enrichment, selecting appropriate and providing updated English language teaching materials, and motivating English language tutees. Therefore, teaching English speaking should not only rely on immersing students in fluency-based activities but also manage tutees' psychological factors to attain more effective teaching English speaking objectives.
Increasing performance of chiller systems in high-rise buildings by load optimization
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Fachruroji Fachruroji , Huda Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Recently, the construction of high-rise buildings has been increasing significantly along with economic growth. Therefore, electricity is also going up due to the energy demand of the building. The air conditioning system is the enormous energy consumption in high buildings. The green building concept has been introduced regarding the energy efficiency of a high-rise building. This study investigated the energy consumption in a high building (47 floors) using the load optimization method for the chiller system. The load optimization was conducted by configuring five chillers systems consisting of integral compressors, cooling towers, and pumps. This study obtained the decreasing energy consumption by the chiller's operation load sequencing based on 24-hour data optimization. Optimized chiller performance satisfied the green building standards. However, load optimization on high buildings is highly recommended as an effective way to achieve green building status. Further research is recommended for implementing such optimization at other facilities, such as industrial plants, hospitals, airports, and manufacturing plants.
Fuzzy logic-based approach for optimal allocation of distributed generation in a restructured power system
Authors: Lindsay Mahiban , Emimal M.
Published: December 2023

Fuzzy logic emerges as a powerful tool for optimizing power flow solutions, particularly in the context of deregulated power systems. By employing fuzzy logic controls, the ideal placement of distribution generators (DGs) can be determined, ensuring the reliability indices are identified through optimal power flow solutions and fuzzy logic controllers to maintain system feasibility. In a deregulated power system, strategic placement of distribution generator units plays a crucial role in minimizing power loss and enhancing overall system performance by mitigating fluctuations. To identify areas of weakness, especially within transmission companies, accessing optimal power flow algorithms becomes essential in a deregulated power system. Both transmission and distribution networks should be appropriately adjusted to alleviate congestion within the respective companies. The aggregator must assess system performance, utilizing data obtained from distribution and transmission companies within the deregulated power system.
Real-time monitoring and data acquisition using LoRa for a remote solar powered oil well
Authors: Chidolue Onyinyechukwu , Iqbal Tariq
Published: December 2023

Real-time monitoring is essential for solar-powered systems as they can be affected by sudden environmental changes, which may occur unpredictably, especially in isolated regions. This study proposes a wireless communication-based approach that allows for data acquisition and system monitoring of the entire solar system of a remote oil well. The proposed instrumentation method offers an affordable solution for monitoring the battery voltage, photovoltaic (PV) current, the converter's alternating current (AC), and oil well management. A wireless communication tool for a long-range called LoRa is used, with the TTGO LoRa32 SX1276 organic light-emitting diode (OLED) as the sender node and Heltec long range (LoRa) ESP 32 as the transmitter node. These I.C.s are ESP32 development boards with an integrated LoRa chip and an SSD1306 flash memory. System design and some test results are included in the paper.
Neuroticism trait personality and social media fatigue in early adults
Authors: Nurhamidin Jeskhia , Huwae Arthur
Published: December 2023

Social media is a means of digital-based self-exploration, and the formation of personality traits such as neuroticism. Excessive use of social media, based on a strong neuroticism trait, can cause individuals to experience social media fatigue. This study aims to determine the relationship between neuroticism trait personality and social media fatigue in early adulthood. The method used is a quantitative correlational design. The number of participants involved was 136 early adults using social media, obtained using an accidental sampling technique. The scale used in this research is big five inventory (α=.890) to measure neuroticism trait personality and the social media fatigue scale (α=.934) to measure social media fatigue. The data analysis method uses the product moment correlation test from Karl Pearson. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between neuroticism trait personality and social media fatigue in early adulthood (r=.361 and sig.=.000). This indicates that the neuroticism personality trait is a factor that can cause social media fatigue in early adulthood. Training and forming a healthy personality by maintaining emotional stability can help the process of self-exploration in social media so that they can complete developmental tasks properly as early adults.
Software development to anonymize patient information from clinical computed tomography images
Authors: Anam Choirul , Naufal Ariij , Saragih Jhon Hadearon , Ali Mohd Hanafi
Published: December 2023

A free software for digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) image anonymization is needed to protect patient information from third parties. This study aimed to develop a software for the anonymization of patient information in computed tomography (CT) image. There was a total of 17 informations to be anonymized, such as Patient’s Name, Other Patient Names, Patient’s ID, Patient’s Birth Date, Patient’s Sex, Patient’s Age, Study ID, Study Description, Series Description, Institution Name, Institution Adress, Referring Phisician’s Name, Consulting Physician’s Name, Performing Physician’s Name, Name of Physician(s) Reading Study, Operator’s Name, and Protocol Name. In every information, its initial value was replaced with a dummy value with the string value of "N/A". For testing, patient CT images from four different hospitals with different scanners were collected. It is found that each scanner had different information stored in DICOM information. However, the anonymization process in the four hospitals works well with accuracy of 100%. The developed software can anonymize DICOM images flexibly and successfully. This software can be used for anonymization of patient information in order to protect patient information.
Epidemiological profile of infertile couples in Western Iraq
Authors: Murshid Rafal Mustafa , Al aany Rehab , Ammar Omar Farhan
Published: December 2023

Infertility affecting approximately one in seven couples globally is a poorly documented issue in Iraq. This study examines the epidemiology of infertility among 82 Iraqi couples undergoing assisted conception at Al-Razzi Hospital in Ramadi. Retrospective analysis of medical records provided insights into sociodemographic profiles, infertility types (primary or secondary), and causes. The age range for males and females was 17-59 years, with means of 34.5 (±7.4) and 31.4 (±7.3) years, respectively. Infertility duration spanned a mean of 4.9 (±3.9) years. Primary infertility affected 74% of couples, while 25.6% experienced secondary infertility. Among the couples, the biochemical pregnancy rate was 45%, the clinical pregnancy rate was 38%, and the rate of live births was 24%. The average embryo transfer was 3.4, with a 21% miscarriage rate. This study emphasizes high rates of primary infertility dominated by female factors. Future research should consider larger population and detailed data on outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles to enhance understanding on the current (in)fertility status in Iraq.
Infection prevention and control compliance among nurses and nursing students during COVID-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Hamid Siti Hazariah , Hasan Haliza , Mamat Wan Hasliza Wan , Ho Dina Syazana Ho Imran , Hasan Muhammad Kamil Che
Published: December 2023

The Malaysian COVID-19 hospital admission rate and the intensive care wards usage are now declining as the health service system enters a stage of recovery in the endemic phase. This study aimed to explore the barriers to and facilitators of infection prevention and control (IPC) compliance among staff nurses and nursing students and to observe their IPC compliance when attending to the patients in the respective wards. Qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted with staff nurses and the nursing students as primary data collection methods and supported with direct observation in the wards. A total of 21 staff nurses and 14 undergraduate nursing students from multiple wards were purposively sampled from April to December 2022. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis in Nvivo software. Four key themes were emerged in this study such as the partcipants i) Narrating IPC compliance; ii) IPC compliance adherence; iii) Perceived barriers for noncompliance to IPC; iv) Empowering staff nurses and nursing students on IPC compliance. The study findings served as key evidence for the hospital top management and the nursing faculty in planning the strategies to improve the IPC training and monitoring by empowering staff nurses and nursing students at their teaching hospitals.
Profile and trend analysis of diseases of the genitourinary system in the Philippines
Authors: Mangotara Rosnia D. , Balt Arafat M. , Demayo Chin-Chin J. , Sambawa Nihaya G. , Demayo Cesar G.
Published: December 2023

In the Philippines, kidney disease is acknowledged as a significant public health issue as it causes considerable suffering, negatively impacts health, and possibly death to people inflicted it, this is despite the available programs and efforts to combat these diseases. This study evaluated and analyzed six decades of data (1960-2019) from Philippine Health Statistics to provide precise and valid information regarding its mortality trend and to assess the country’s improvement in effectively dealing with these diseases. Factors such as gender, geographical location, and lifestyle were found to affect kidney disease chances. We also found out that there are age and gender disparities in the vulnerability of the people of the Philippines to kidney diseases, with elderly ages 70 and up and males recorded to be at greater risk of dying due to it. Differences in the regional outcome were also observed with Region XII having the highest mortality rate, and Region ARMM having the lowest. Urgent need to expand treatment advancements and programs for the population is needed to decrease the burden of kidney disease in the country in the following years.
Achieving relationship satisfaction: household gender equality and mattering
Authors: Karananeethi Abirami , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto , Ho Yi Ming , Shoba Cynthia , Nesan Gaayatri , Cahyanti Ika Yuniar , Surjaningrum Endang Retno
Published: December 2023

This study delves into the dynamics of relationship satisfaction (RS) among married couples and its crucial significance for mental health and psychological well-being. Survey data encompassing variables such as the general mattering scale, gender inequality in Household Chores scale, kansas marital conflict scale, and relationship assessment scale were gathered from 128 married individuals aged 18 to 65 in urban areas of Malaysia and Indonesia. Participants furnished demographic information including age, gender, and marriage duration. The study variables were assessed through the scales mentioned earlier. The findings, derived from bootstrap analysis involving 5,000 samples at a 95% confidence interval, revealed that the extent of partners' involvement in household chores significantly predicted their perception of gender equality in domestic responsibilities. This perception, in turn, fostered an elevated sense of mattering, thereby contributing to heightened relationship satisfaction. Importantly, the general mattering scale served as a significant mediator in the relationship between partner's household involvement and relationship satisfaction. In summary, couples benefit from partners engaging in domestic chores, resulting in an enhanced sense of mutual significance, greater relationship satisfaction, and improved mental well-being. Marital conflict frequency and intensity did not emerge as significant factors in this relationship.
Related factors to HIV/AIDS prevention behavior of adolescents in Jakarta’s high school
Authors: Ratnawati Diah , Setiawan Agus , Widyatuti Widyatuti , Hastono Sutanto Priyo , Siregar Tatiana , Anggraini Nourmayansa Vidya
Published: December 2023

Adolescents are developing self-maturity, so they should have the correct views to become a person with a positive self-concept. Therefore, this period requires the role of parents. The parental roles include educating, teaching, disciplining, and protecting children to reach adulthood according to social norms. However, adolescents prefer to spend time with their peers, so peers are dominant in influential and modeling aspects of adolescents' sexual behavior with their partners. One of the behaviors compulsorily concerned is human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention behavior. This study aimed to determine the relationship between characteristics, communication quality, parenting, peer roles, and HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in adolescents at “Y” Senior High School in North Jakarta. This study employed a cross-sectional research design. Samples were taken using the purposive sampling technique, and 208 students were obtained from 432 students. Gender, parental communication quality, and peer roles affected HIV/AIDS prevention behavior. The dominant variable was parental communication quality (OR=0.509). After controlling for gender and peer role characteristics, adolescents with strong parental communication quality were 0.51 times more likely to participate in HIV/AIDS-positive preventive activities than those with poor parental communication quality. Adolescents are expected to communicate with their parents, especially about sexual issues, more openly.
Self-assessment questionnaire development for soft skills competency and core value evaluations
Authors: Al-Azmi Abdul Rahman , Wan Nik Wan Noor Nazayan , Embong Zulmaryan , Che Ahmad Aminudin , Muhammad Siti Aesah Naznin , Kassin Noor Lide Abu , Tauhed Siti Zainab
Published: December 2023

Soft skills play a vital role for providing excellent customer service in the healthcare setting. This study aims to develop and assess the instrument validity and reliability before measuring the levels of soft skills competency and core value internalization on staffs at the Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre @International Islamic University Malaysia (SASMEC@IIUM). A self-assessment questionnaire was developed through three phases. The first phase involved reviewing and identifying relevant literatures and existing soft skills assessment instruments through bibliographic searches and expert consultations. A conceptual model was then established based on the selected conceptual frameworks after determining all relevant soft skill domains. The second phase involved generating relevant items, removing duplicate or irrelevant items, and appraising the content validity by three experts. The third phase was data collection, wherein the finalized instrument was distributed to 32 staff of SASMEC@IIUM via google forms. The instrument reliability was investigated through internal consistency reliability or Cronbach’s alpha, with all items, except for the construct ‘gratitude’, achieving acceptable values by exceeding the threshold value of 0.7. Subsequently, two gratitude items were removed from the questionnaire. The current instrument and theoretical framework employed in the self-assessment questionnaire development are valid and reliable for the actual application.
Occupational safety and health among fishing boat workers in Thailand
Authors: Hasamoh Alisa , Wichaidit Wit
Published: December 2023

The Thai fishing industry has been under close scrutiny for conditions faced by fishing boat workers, yet data are scarce with regards to occupational safety and health (OSH) among its workers. The objectives of this study are to describe: i) water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions, and; ii) OSH conditions faced by migrant fishing boat workers in Thailand. We conducted a mixed-methods study with a quantitative survey in 200 migrant fishing boat workers and focus group discussions with 11 workers and 6 stakeholders in southern Thailand. We analyzed quantitative and qualitative data using descriptive statistics and content analysis, respectively. Nearly all participants (95.0%) reported that drinking water on board was stored in a sealed container, but only 5.5% of participants reported that there was latrine on board for defecation. Nearly all participants reported proper storage of objects on board, although findings on maintenance varied. Use of personal protective equipment was scarce as equipments obstruct the workers’ movement. The findings highlighted areas where improvements in WASH and OSH are needed. However, caveats regarding potential information bias and lack of generalizability should be considered in the interpretation of the study findings.
The relationship between depression and self-compassion with non-suicidal self-injury among university students
Authors: Idris Siti Nurfathin , Mahfar Mastura
Published: December 2023

The non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been reported among university students which must be taken into consideration because it can have a negative impact on students’ well-being and lives. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between depression and self-compassion with NSSI among university students. This study was to identify the levels of depression, self-compassion, and NSSI. Purposive sampling was used in this correlational study and quantitative research design. This study included 73 NSSI reported year 1 and 2 undergraduate students from one of the programs at a Malaysian university. The instruments used in this study were the depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21) depression subscales, selfcompassion scale (SCS), and inventory of statements about self-injury (ISAS). Findings show that respondents had a moderate level of depression and self-compassion, as well as a low level of NSSI. Findings also demonstrate that there was a significant positive relationship between depression and NSSI. Self-compassion and NSSI had a significant negative relationship. There were also different findings for the relationship between the dimensions of self-compassion and NSSI. In conclusion, NSSI is a risky behavior that has negative consequences among university students.
The synthesis of nanosilver and carbamat to control of Anopheles in malaria endemic areas
Authors: Raharjo Mursid , Subagio Agus , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: December 2023

Malaria is a national and global problem that really needs attention and Indonesia is the second highest country with the highest number of cases 304,607 in 2021. The use of insecticides at inappropriate doses causes resistance to targets. The aim of this study was to analyze the toxicity of silver nanoparticles to adult Anopheles mosquitoes in malaria endemic areas as well as to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) and to project effectiveness in the lifetime. This research is experimental and uses a post-treatment with control design which was carried out in 4 stages from 2019-2022, which includes laboratory scale tests (2019), field laboratory scale tests (2020), ecological endemic area scale tests (2021), and lifetime tests (2022). Calculation of LC50 in nanosilver toxicity 5965 mg/l and Calculation of life time projections produces the formula Y=(-) 0.012Ln(X)+0.6933. Absorption of silver nanoparticles into the bodies of Anopheles sp. occurs through the spiracles and attacks the Ache enzyme in the central nervous system thereby stopping the working system of the mosquito which will then die. Nanosilver is a very effective herbal insecticide used as an effort to control malaria cases in endemic areas with the right dose and method. For life time, a dose of 1500 mg/l nanosilver effectively kills 74% of adult Anopheles sp mosquitoes on day 32 and it is projected that on 1 year the efficacy of nanomaterials still has an efficacy of 62%).
The relationship of body mass index, diet, and eating pattern with orthorexia nervosa amongst medical students
Authors: Adiningsih Sri , Wilson Wilson , Tejoyuwono Agustina Arundina Triharja
Published: December 2023

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an obsessive behavior towards healthy food with more importance on the quality than the quantity of food. Medical students tend to experience ON. The prevalence of ON in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Tanjungpura (FK UNTAN) is around 56.1%. The study is conducted to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI), diet, and eating patterns with ON indications for students of the Medical Study Program, FK UNTAN. This study uses mixed method (quantitativequalitative), for 66 students (2020 and 2021 batches) through proportionate stratified sampling and 10 students with low and high ON indications with the convenience methode. Analysis used Spearman's rho correlation test and contingency coefficient; qualitative analysis used descriptive inductive method. Bivariate analysis showed p>0.005 for BMI (p=0.139, diet (p=0.105), and the results were invalid for dietary pattern. Qualitative analysis shows people with ON can be influenced by social media which is characterized by their habit of seeking inspiration for healthy eating behaviors. There is no statistically significant relationship between BMI, diet, and eating patterns with ON but still found in FK students because of their knowledge related to nutrition, health and the desire to avoid illness.
Maintaining altruism among nursing professionals
Authors: Kaul Priyanka , Singh Ankit
Published: December 2023

The demanding hospital work environment has increased the need for organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB). It’s essential to maintain the altruistic behaviour of nursing professionals towards each other to enhance the patient experience and provide quality healthcare service to patients efficiently. This quantitative study explored the relationships between OCB constructs based on social identity theory (SIT) and system justification theory (SJT). This study is empirical and cross-sectional in nature; structural equation modeling is performed on two hundred twenty-two nursing professional responses, using IBM AMOS V.22 to test the hypothesized model. Conscientiousness has a mediating effect on the relationship between civic virtue and altruism (Indirect effect=0.19, Boot SE=.057, lower-level confidence interval (LLCI)=.0940, upper-level confidence interval (ULCI)=.3144). Moreover, sportsmanship had a mediating effect on the relationship between civic virtue and altruism with an Indirect effect=-0.06, Boot SE=.023, LLCI=-0.1159, ULCI=-0.0222). The results supported the hypothesis that civic virtue and altruism are directly related and found that conscientiousness and sportsmanship mediate the relationship between civic virtue and altruism. The findings suggest that employees with higher sportsmanship tend to reduce their altruistic behavior in the long run.
Formación en liderazgo político para jóvenes originarios de pueblos afro hondureños
Authors: Álvarez-Norales Edwin , Morales-Acosta Gina Viviana
Published: December 2023

(analytical)This research analyzes the Afro-Honduran youth political leadership based on nine legally documented cases of racial discrimination, social segregation and xenophobia. The qualitative analysis of the problem is based on social imaginaries oriented towards interdisciplinary thinking on new pedagogical strategies for leadership training. The judicial content of the cases is related to the oral testimonies that narrate the events of violence and violation of rights that led the young participants to create training content from a distance, to maintain a joint training project. Wide pedagogical, socio-legal and transdisciplinary content was found to advance a proposal for training in ethno-political leadership. In conclusion, the realization of didactic material from case studies allows the advancement of the curricular design in human rights.
Race, Sex, and Age Disparities in the Performance of ECG Deep Learning Models Predicting Heart Failure
Authors: Kaur Dhamanpreet , Hughes J. Weston , Rogers Albert J. , Kang Guson , Narayan Sanjiv M. , Ashley Euan A. , Perez Marco V.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Deep learning models may combat widening racial disparities in heart failure outcomes through early identification of individuals at high risk. However, demographic biases in the performance of these models have not been well-studied.

METHODS:

This retrospective analysis used 12-lead ECGs taken between 2008 and 2018 from 326 518 patient encounters referred for standard clinical indications to Stanford Hospital. The primary model was a convolutional neural network model trained to predict incident heart failure within 5 years. Biases were evaluated on the testing set (160 312 ECGs) using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, stratified across the protected attributes of race, ethnicity, age, and sex.

RESULTS:

There were 59 817 cases of incident heart failure observed within 5 years of ECG collection. The performance of the primary model declined with age. There were no significant differences observed between racial groups overall. However, the primary model performed significantly worse in Black patients aged 0 to 40 years compared with all other racial groups in this age group, with differences most pronounced among young Black women. Disparities in model performance did not improve with the integration of race, ethnicity, sex, and age into model architecture, by training separate models for each racial group, or by providing the model with a data set of equal racial representation. Using probability thresholds individualized for race, age, and sex offered substantial improvements in F1 scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

The biases found in this study warrant caution against perpetuating disparities through the development of machine learning tools for the prognosis and management of heart failure. Customizing the application of these models by using probability thresholds individualized by race, ethnicity, age, and sex may offer an avenue to mitigate existing algorithmic disparities.
Belongingness & Sport : A theoretical framework to conceptualize belonging with athletes
Authors: Slaten Christopher , Klotthor Noah , Lewis Christopher , Lee Jisu
Published: December 2023

A sense of belonging or connection to others has been seen as a fundamental need by social scientists across time. This connection to others leads to positive outcomes in almost every domain and sport is no exception to this rule. In the world of team sports, connecting to others has a huge impact on both performance and satisfaction and is essential for success. The following paper will discuss: the roots of the concept of belonging; the application of belonging to sport; a potential framework for understanding individual and environmental factors of belonging; implications of the impact of belonging for athletes.
A Climate Extremes Resilience Index for the Conterminous United States
Authors: Narayanan Anuska , Peter Brad G. , Keellings David
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, changes in precipitation, temperature, and air circulation patterns have led to increases in the occurrences of extreme weather events. These events can have devastating effects on communities causing destruction to property and croplands, as well as negative impacts on public health. As changes in the climate are projected to continue throughout the remainder of the twenty-first century, the ability for a community to plan for extreme weather events is essential to its survival. In this paper, we introduce a new index for examining the potential impacts of climate extremes on community resilience throughout the conterminous United States at the county level. We use an established disaster resilience index (baseline resilience indicators for communities) together with a revised version of the U.S. climate extremes index to create a combined measure of climate resilience—the climate extremes resilience index (CERI). To demonstrate the index, we test it on the 2021 Pacific Northwest heat wave, a 1000-yr weather event made 150 times as likely by climate change. To promote the use of the index, we also introduce a Google Earth Engine web app to calculate and map the CERI for the CONUS. By developing a web application for calculating the CERI, we expand the use of climate-resilience indices beyond theoretical applications. We anticipate that this tool and the CERI could be useful for policy makers to plan for climate-related disasters, as well as help the public with understanding and visualizing the impacts of extreme climatic events.
Who’s Caring for the Kids? The Earned Income Tax Credit and Childcare Arrangements
Authors: Pilkauskas Natasha V. , Michelmore Katherine
Published: December 2023

Labor force participation among mothers in the U.S. has increased dramatically over the past several decades, driven in part by social policies that provide benefits that are contingent upon paid work. Little is known, however, about how these work-contingent social policies affect childcare arrangements. We study the effect of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)—one of the largest work-contingent cash transfer programs in the U.S.—on childcare arrangements, using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. Our findings suggest that, for children under three, the EITC increased the use of childcare, the number of hours children spent in care, the likelihood of parents paying for care, and the use of multiple care arrangements. It seems to have little effect on childcare arrangements for older children.
Reducing Complexity to Support Families Navigating Early Care and Education Systems
Authors: Doromal Justin B. , Michie Molly , Kegley Grace , Bassok Daphna
Published: December 2023

Most families with young children in the U.S. need reliable, high-quality early care and education (ECE) programs that help adults support their families while supporting children’s development. Yet the fragmented nature of public investments in ECE has led to a complex system that is difficult for families to navigate. We describe how families struggle to access publicly funded ECE programs because they face challenges in finding information about options and in surmounting administrative barriers to enrollment. We highlight how these problems are exacerbated by the lack of coordination across publicly funded programs and present promising approaches that states and localities have taken to support families and reduce fragmentation within the ECE system. We conclude by discussing implications for policymakers and researchers who seek to build ECE systems that streamline services in service of families.
“I Can’t Get Ahold of Them”: Perceptions of Administrative Burden and Administrative Exclusion across SNAP, WIC, and Medicaid during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: BARNES CAROLYN
Published: December 2023

Using data from 113 in-depth interviews with beneficiaries of social welfare programs, I examine the ease of access to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); and Medicaid during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policy changes that were enacted in response to COVID-19 were explicitly designed to reduce the administrative burden of program participation. I find that while WIC and Medicaid participants reported easier access to benefits, SNAP saw high demand and bureaucratic constraints that undermined access. SNAP participants encountered difficulties that they attributed to burdensome experiences to administrative exclusion. I show how applicants perceived organizational practices as excluding eligible populations from participation in government programs and undermining policies that were designed to reduce administrative burdens.
The Child Tax Credit and Family Well-Being: An Overview of Reforms and Impacts
Authors: Collyer Sophie , Curran Megan A. , Garfinkel Irwin , Harris David , Parolin Zachary , Waldfogel Jane , Wimer Christopher
Published: December 2023

The Child Tax Credit (CTC) has become an increasingly important element of the U.S. safety net. We discuss the structure of the CTC and its effects on childhood poverty and other indicators of well-being during its three distinct phases: prior to the 2021 American Rescue Plan (ARP) expansion, during the expansion, and after the expansion’s expiration. We also examine recent efforts to establish state-level CTCs. We show that, in 2020, roughly one in three children were ineligible for the full CTC because it is tied to family earnings. The temporary expansion under the ARP extended full CTC eligibility to nearly all of these children, thus moving more than three million children out of poverty in the expansion months. State-level analyses show how states could establish CTCs that reduce child poverty rates by half, either as a complement to an expanded federal CTC or in the absence of a continued federal expansion.