bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epicardial implantation of a lumenless active fixation lead in a neonate
Authors: Zhang Jianghua , Dong Zhenyu , Ma Songfeng , Abdukadir Ablat , Tang Baopeng , Xu Yuanning
Published: March 2023

Background

We present a case of epicardial pacemaker implantation in a low birth weight newborn using a lumenless active fixation lead.

Results

We found that superior pacing parameters can be obtained by implanting a lumenless active fixation lead into the epicardium, but more evidence is needed to support this hypothesis.
Terrorism and inbound tourism in Egypt: Economy‐wide and distributional impacts
Authors: Elshennawy Abeer , Siddig Khalid
Published: March 2023

Following the January 2011 Revolution, Egypt experienced increasing political instability and has also been the target of intense terrorist attacks. While substantial efforts continue to be exerted by the current regime to put an end to these attacks, it is not clear whether the country's reputation as a safe tourist destination will be restored in the medium run. This paper assesses the extent of the Egyptian economy's vulnerability to a prolonged tourism shock using an economy‐wide framework. The simulation results reveal that a shock to tourism has a significant impact on the Egyptian economy, as a rebound of inbound tourism substantially increases both GDP and welfare. Consequently, it pays for the government to put measures in place to moderate the effect of negative shocks to inbound tourism. A subsidy to health tourism was found to boost both economic growth and welfare.
The impact of the US–China trade war on domestic and multinational companies in China
Authors: Lee Joonhyung , Nguyen Duy Vu
Published: March 2023

This short paper investigates whether the US–China trade war has a different impact on domestic and multinational companies in China. Using the Orbis database with the coverage of ownership structure, we can identify Chinese multinational companies that own foreign subsidiaries with at least 51% stake. Then, using a panel dataset of Chinese companies from 2011 to 2019, we compare revenues of multinational and domestic companies before and after the trade war. We have found that multinational companies have about 8% higher in revenue after the trade war than domestic ones. These findings are consistent with the recent literature on the real hedging channel that operation flexibility reduces the impacts of tariff shocks.
Use of selective phenotyping and genotyping to identify rare blood donors in Canada
Authors: Tordon Bryan , Montemayor Celina , Clarke Gwen , O'Brien Sheila F. , Goldman Mindy
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives

The distribution of rare and specific red cell phenotypes varies between races and ethnicities. Therefore, the most compatible red cell units for patients with haemoglobinopathies and other rare blood requirements are most likely to be found in donors from similar genetic backgrounds. Our blood service introduced a voluntary question asking donors to provide their racial background/ethnicity. Results triggered additional phenotyping and/or genotyping.

Materials and Methods

We analysed the results of additional testing performed between January 2021 and June 2022, and rare donors were added to the Rare Blood Donor database. We determined the incidence of various rare phenotypes and blood group alleles based on donor race/ethnicity.

Results

Over 95% of donors answered the voluntary question; 715 samples were tested, and 25 donors were added to the Rare Blood Donor database, including five k−, four U−, two Jk(a−b−) and two D− − phenotypes.

Conclusion

Asking donors about their race/ethnicity was well received by donors, and the resulting selective testing enabled us to identify individuals with a higher likelihood of being rare blood donors, support patients with rare blood requirements and better understand the incidence of common and rare alleles and red blood cell phenotypes in the Canadian donor population.
Minimal soil disturbance combined with spring cropping can halt soil seedbank accumulation of Alopecurus myosuroides
Authors: Menegat Alexander
Published: March 2023

The basic mechanism of soil inversion tillage for control of annual weeds is based on the vertical translocation of weed seeds from the soil surface to deeper soil layers. Buried weed seeds either remain dormant in the soil seedbank and are exposed to biological and chemical decay mechanisms, or they germinate but the seedlings cannot reach the soil surface (fatal germination). However, depending on the seed biology of the respective target species, frequent inversion tillage can lead to a build‐up of the soil seedbank. For soil seedbank depletion based on available knowledge of the biology of Alopecurus myosuroides seeds, soil inversion tillage is suggested to be reduced to every third or fourth year with reduced or even no‐tillage (direct seeding) in between (rotational inversion tillage systems). Including spring crops in the crop rotation could further help dampening the population growth and hence the seed return into the seedbank. This study investigated the effect of rotational inversion tillage in combination with reduced tillage or direct seeding on the soil seedbank and population development of A. myosuroides. In a long‐term field trial, set up in 2012, these tillage strategies were compared with continuous inversion tillage in a 3‐year crop rotation with two consecutive years of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) followed by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare). The results showed a significant decline in the soil seedbank following the spring crop, irrespective of the tillage system. The continuous inversion tillage system and inversion tillage before spring cropping with reduced tillage (shallow tillage with a disc harrow) before winter wheat both led to accumulation of seeds in the soil seedbank. In contrast, inversion tillage before spring cropping with direct seeding of winter wheat depleted the soil seedbank significantly after only one crop rotation. Although only covering one intensively studied field site, these findings highlight the need for diversified cropping systems and indicate potential avenues for reducing soil tillage while controlling economically important weeds.
Effectiveness of the best practice spotlight organizations program to reduce the prevalence of pressure injuries in acute care settings for hospitalized patients in Spain: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Quiñoz Gallardo María Dolores , Barrientos‐Trigo Sergio , Porcel‐Gálvez Ana María
Published: March 2023

Background

Pressure injuries are a major public health problem because of their impact on morbidity and mortality, quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. The Centros Comprometidos con la Excelencia en Cuidados/Best Practice Spotlight Organization (CCEC/BPSO®) program provides guidelines that can improve these outcomes.

Aims

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the CCEC/BPSO® program in improving the care of patients at risk of pressure injury (PI) at an acute care hospital in Spain.

Methods

A quasi‐experimental regression discontinuity design in three periods was used: (1) baseline (2014), (2) implementation (2015–2017), and (3) sustainability (2018–2019). The study population was comprised of 6377 patients discharged from 22 units of an acute care hospital. The performance of the PI risk assessment and reassessment, the application of special pressure management surfaces, and the presence of PIs were all monitored.

Results

Forty‐four percent of patients (n = 2086) met the inclusion criteria. After implementing the program, the number of patients assessed (53.9%–79.5%), reassessed (4.9%–37.5%), the application of preventive measures (19.6%–79.7%), and the number of people identified with a PI in implementation (1.47%–8.44%) and sustainability (1.47%–8.8%) all increased.

Linking Evidence to Action

The implementation of the CCEC/BPSO® program achieved improved patient safety. Risk assessment monitoring, risk reassessment, and special pressure management surfaces were practices that increased during the study period and were incorporated by professionals to prevent PIs. The training of professionals was instrumental to this process. Incorporating these programs is a strategic line to improve clinical safety and the quality of care. The implementation of the program has been effective in terms of improving the identification of patients at risk and the application of surfaces.
A categorical derivation of Lebesgue integration
Authors: Leinster Tom
Published: March 2023

We identify simple universal properties that uniquely characterize the Lebesgue spaces. There are two main theorems. The first states that the Banach space , equipped with a small amount of extra structure, is initial as such. The second states that the functor on finite measure spaces, again with some extra structure, is also initial as such. In both cases, the universal characterization of the integrable functions produces a unique characterization of integration. We use the universal properties to derive some of the basic elements of integration theory. We also state universal properties characterizing the sequence spaces and , as well as the functor taking values in Hilbert spaces.
Why Parallelism of Workpieces Becomes Convergent During Double-Sided Lapping?
Authors: Pan Bo , Kang Renke , Zhu Xu , Yang Zhe , Zhang Juntao , Guo Jiang
Published: March 2023

Double-sided lapping (DSL) is always employed as a precision process for machining flat workpieces, such as optical windows, wafers, and brake pads taking advantage of its high efficiency and parallelism. However, the mechanism of parallelism error reduced by the DSL process was rarely investigated. Furthermore, the relationship between parallelism and flatness was not clearly illustrated. To explain why the parallelism of workpieces becomes convergent by the DSL, a theoretical model has been developed in this paper by calculating the parallelism evolution with the consideration of various contact situations between workpieces and lapping plates for the first time. Moreover, five workpieces, including a slanted and four parallel ones, are applied to develop the parallelism evolution guaranteeing the model close to the actual process, and the mechanism of the parallelism error reduced by the DSL process is elucidated. The calculation result revealed that the parallelism was improved from 100.0 µm to 25.6 µm according to the proposed model. The experimental results showed that the parallelism error reduced from 108.6 µm to 28.2 µm, which was consistent with the calculation results.
Discrete Robust Control of Robot Manipulators Using an Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimator
Authors: Padmanabhan Ram , Shetty Maithili , Chandar T. S.
Published: March 2023

This article presents the design of a robust observer based on the discrete-time (DT) formulation of uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE), a well-known robust control technique, for the purpose of controlling robot manipulators. The design results in a complete closed-loop, robust, and controller–observer structure. The observer incorporates the estimate of the overall uncertainty associated with the plant, in order to mimic its dynamics, and the control law is generated using an auxiliary error instead of state tracking error. A detailed qualitative and quantitative stability analysis is provided, and simulations are performed on the two-link robot manipulator system. Further, a comparative study with well-known control strategies for robot manipulators is presented. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique, with better tracking performance and lower control energy compared to other strategies.
Synergistic Effect of J-Shape Airfoil on the Performance of Darrieus-Type Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Naik Kabita , Sahoo Niranjan
Published: March 2023

Darrieus-type straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (SB-VAWTs) are more appropriate for generating electricity than other VAWTs mostly suitable for regions having low to medium wind speed. The installation of SB-VAWTs faces start-up problems, which limits its applicability in low-wind speed environments. The start-up problem arises mainly due to the cross-sectional blade profile of the SB-VAWTs and is the crucial parameter used for blade design. To overcome this issue, the present investigation aims to study the influence of the J-shape airfoil with various opening ratios in the Darrieus-type SB-VAWTs in terms of starting torque and aerodynamic performance. The design of a J-shape airfoil is created by removing a portion toward the trailing edge of the conventional NACA 4415 airfoil on its upper or lower surface. This analysis displays a maximum power coefficient of 0.517, 0.512, 0.506, 0.498, and 0.488 when the Darrieus-type SB-VAWT utilizes upper cut J-shape airfoils with opening ratios of 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.4, respectively, at the tip speed ratio (TSR) of 1.6. These values are higher than the power coefficient (0.486) of conventional NACA 4415 airfoil at the same TSR. The SB-VAWT depicts a lower performance while it employs the lower cut J-shape airfoils. Furthermore, the present study demonstrates that the power and torque coefficient of SB-VAWT improves by about 31% when the opening ratio of upper cut J-shape airfoil is varied from 0.1 to 0.8.
Analytical Modeling of Electronic and Photonic Materials Reliability: Perspective and Extension
Authors: Suhir E.
Published: March 2023

The objective of this review is twofold: to show materials scientists, mechanical engineers, and reliability physicists not involved in electronics, photonics, microelectronic-mechanical-systems (MEMS), or MOEMS (optical MEMS) engineering what kind of value they could bring to this important “high-tech” area, as well as to demonstrate to “high-tech” engineers how they could benefit from the application of what has been developed, for many years, in the general field of physical design for reliability of materials and structures employed in various fields of engineering and applied science and what could be effectively applied to their body of knowledge. Accordingly, in the perspective part of the review, some critical and even paradoxical, i.e., a priori nonobvious, problems encountered in microelectronics and photonics materials science, reliability physics, and structural analysis are addressed using what could be called analytical (“mathematical”) modeling. The extension part has to do with some specific, mostly aerospace, recent applications of the probabilistic design for reliability concept and analytical modeling effort.
Tribological Performance of Laser Shock Peened Cold Spray Additive Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Ralls Alessandro M. , Mao Bo , Menezes Pradeep L.
Published: March 2023

In recent years, cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) has become an attractive technology for surface modification and protection. However, due to the intrinsic porous nature of CSAM coatings, they suffer from rapid material degradation due to premature brittle fracturing induced by tribological interactions. In this work, laser shock peening (LSP) was utilized as a post-processing technology to mitigate the surface porosity and augment the surface characteristics of CSAM 316L stainless steel (SS). Due to the synergistic influence of severe plastic deformation and rapid surface heating, the surface porosities were effectively healed, thus reducing the surface roughness. Combined with the surface-strengthening effects of LSP, the frictional resistance and transfer layer formation on the CSAM LSP surfaces were reduced. The underlying mechanisms for these findings were discussed by correlating the atomic, microstructural, and physical features of the LSP surfaces. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that LSP is indeed a useful technique to control the surface characteristics of CSAM 316L SS coatings.
Dating the open /æ/ sound change in Southern British English
Authors: Wood Sidney
Published: March 2023

The new open /æ/ was not noticed in the non-regional received pronunciation (RP) accent of Southern British English until the 1980s. Dating to the 1950s or 1920s had been suggested, but the earliest known regional example was born in Kent in the 1860s. Formant data from archived recordings of 29 Southeastern speakers, born between the 1850s and 1960s, were studied using two methods: inspection of formant diagrams for closer /æ/, and modelling low vowels for open /æ/. The earliest RP speaker found with new open /æ/ was born in 1857, demonstrating that this type of sound change had started by the 1850s.
Diffraction of directional sources by rigid wedges or barriers
Authors: Gu Jun , Shen Yong , Feng Xuelei
Published: March 2023

The secondary-edge-source method (SESM) has found widespread application in predicting edge diffraction. The method, however, is limited to point sources. Based on the concept of weighted summation of diffractive contribution from each propagation path, this letter extends the SESM to directional sources with equivalent acoustic centers. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing theoretical results to those obtained using the omnidirectional monopole superposition method.
Visual Supports for Children With Autism in Physical Activity
Authors: Forbes Adam S. , Yun Joonkoo
Published: March 2023

Visual supports have been advocated as one strategy to teach children with autism in physical education. However, empirical studies documented inconsistencies in their effectiveness, with some demonstrating positive effects while others reported limited support for their use. Without a clear synthesis of information, physical educators may have difficulties in identifying and meaningfully utilizing visual supports. A systematic literature review on visual supports was conducted with synthesized current literature for physical educators to make informed decisions regarding their use for children with autism in physical education. A total of 27 articles were reviewed, which included empirical- and narrative-based manuscripts. Results suggest that picture task cards, visual activity schedules, and video prompting can be potential strategies that physical educators can use to teach motor skills to children on the spectrum. However, video modeling may need to be further investigated to fully understand how to use it in the context of physical education.
100 Long-Distance Triathlons in 100 Days: A Case Study on Ultraendurance, Biomarkers, and Physiological Outcomes
Authors: Anderson Travis , van Mourik Reinier A. , Martin Kerry J. , Eijsvogels Thijs M.H. , Longoria Kevin A.
Published: March 2023

The physical demands of a single long-distance triathlon (LDT) are sufficient to cause robust physiological perturbations. In this unique case study, an ultraendurance athlete completed 100 LDTs in 100 days (100LDT). Purpose: This study aims to describe and analyze this single athlete’s performance, physiological biomarkers, and sleep parameters throughout the 100LDT. Methods: An ultraendurance athlete completed an LDT (2.4-mile swim, 112-mile bike ride, and 26.2-mile marathon) each day for 100 consecutive days. Physical work, physiological biomarkers, and sleep parameters were recorded each night using a wrist-worn photoplethysmographic sensor. Clinical exercise tests were performed before and after the 100LDT. Time-series analysis assessed changes in biomarkers and sleep parameters across the 100LDT, and cross-correlations considered the associations between exercise performance and physiological metrics at varying time lags. Results: The swim and cycling performances varied across the 100LDT, while the run was relatively stable. Resting heart rate, heart-rate variability, oxygen saturation, sleep score, light sleep, sleep efficiency, and sleep duration were all best characterized by cubic models. Additional post hoc subanalyses suggest that the first half of the 100LDT most influenced these dynamics. Conclusions: The 100LDT resulted in nonlinear alterations to physiological metrics. This world record was a unique event but allows valuable insights into the limits of human endurance performance.
Are Age, Self-Selected Walking Speed, or Propulsion Force Predictors of Gait-Related Changes in Older Adults?
Authors: Malde Dheyani , Pizzimenti Natalie , McCamley John , Sumner Bonnie
Published: March 2023

There is limited research that directly compares the effect of reduced speed with reduced propulsive force production (PFP) on age-related gait changes. We aimed to determine how changes in the gait of older adults correlate with age, speed, or peak PFP over a 6-year span. We collected kinematics and kinetics of 17 older subjects at 2 time points. We determined which biomechanical variables changed significantly between visits and used linear regressions to determine whether combinations of self-selected walking speed, peak PFP, and age correlated to changes in these variables. We found a suite of gait-related changes that occurred in the 6-year period, in line with previous aging studies. Of the 10 significant changes, we found 2 with significant regressions. Self-selected walking speed was a significant indicator of step length, not peak PFP or age. Peak PFP was a significant indicator for knee flexion. None of the biomechanical changes were correlated to the chronological age of the subjects. Few gait parameters had a correlation to the independent variables, suggesting that changes in gait mechanics were not solely correlated to peak PFP, speed, and/or age. This study improves understanding of changes in ambulation that lead to age-related gait modifications.
Supplemental Material: Hydrothermal alteration episodes reflect multiple Proterozoic tectonic and magmatic events in the Kangdian region, western Yangtze Block
Authors: Su Zhi-Kun , Zhao Xin-Fu , al. et
Published: March 2023

Supplemental Text S1: Analytical methods. Figure S1: Geologic cross section of No. 30 exploration line of Dahongshan deposit, showing spatial relationship between intensely metasomatic rocks and Fe-Cu orebodies. Figure S2: Plots of major element compositions of allanite in metasomatic or mineralized rocks in Dahongshan Group, using per formula unit (apfu) and atomic ratio. Figure S3: Th-U plot displaying contrasting Th and U concentrations among different occurrences of allanite. Figure S4: Representative LA-ICP-MS down-hole profile of U-Pb isotopic ratios of mixed analyses of monazite I (DHS13-60). Table S1: Allanite chemical compositions. Table S2: SHRIMP U-Pb data of allanite. Table S3: SHRIMP U-Pb data of monazite. Table S4: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of allanite. Table S5: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of monazite. Table S6: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of apatite. Table S7: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of rutile. Table S8: ID-TIMS Re-Os data of molybdenite. Table S9: Compilation of available geochronology data for hydrothermal events in Dahongshan Group. Table S10: References of data sources for Fig. 14 in text.
Do biomechanical foot-based interventions reduce patellofemoral joint loads in adults with and without patellofemoral pain or osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kayll Samual A , Hinman Rana S , Bryant Adam L , Bennell Kim L , Rowe Patrick L , Paterson Kade L
Published: March 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effects of biomechanical foot-based interventions (eg, footwear, insoles, taping and bracing on the foot) on patellofemoral loads during walking, running or walking and running combined in adults with and without patellofemoral pain or osteoarthritis.

Design

Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Data sources

MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTdiscus, Embase and CENTRAL.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

English-language studies that assessed effects of biomechanical foot-based interventions on peak patellofemoral joint loads, quantified by patellofemoral joint pressure, reaction force or knee flexion moment during gait, in people with or without patellofemoral pain or osteoarthritis.

Results

We identified 22 footwear and 11 insole studies (participant n=578). Pooled analyses indicated low-certainty evidence that minimalist footwear leads to a small reduction in peak patellofemoral joint loads compared with conventional footwear during running only (standardised mean difference (SMD) (95% CI) = −0.40 (–0.68 to –0.11)). Low-certainty evidence indicated that medial support insoles do not alter patellofemoral joint loads during walking (SMD (95% CI) = −0.08 (–0.42 to 0.27)) or running (SMD (95% CI) = 0.11 (–0.17 to 0.39)). Very low-certainty evidence indicated rocker-soled shoes have no effect on patellofemoral joint loads during walking and running combined (SMD (95% CI) = 0.37) (−0.06 to 0.79)).

Conclusion

Minimalist footwear may reduce peak patellofemoral joint loads slightly compared with conventional footwear during running only. Medial support insoles may not alter patellofemoral joint loads during walking or running and the evidence is very uncertain about the effect of rocker-soled shoes during walking and running combined. Clinicians aiming to reduce patellofemoral joint loads during running in people with patellofemoral pain or osteoarthritis may consider minimalist footwear.
Prognostic models for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kostopoulos Georgios , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Toulis Konstantinos A , Karagiannis Thomas , Tsapas Apostolos , Haidich Anna-Bettina
Published: March 2023

Objective

To provide a systematic review, critical appraisal, assessment of performance and generalisability of all the reported prognostic models for heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

We performed a literature search in Medline, Embase, Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Scopus (from inception to July 2022) and grey literature to identify any study developing and/or validating models predicting HF applicable to patients with T2D. We extracted data on study characteristics, modelling methods and measures of performance, and we performed a random-effects meta-analysis to pool discrimination in models with multiple validation studies. We also performed a descriptive synthesis of calibration and we assessed the risk of bias and certainty of evidence (high, moderate, low).

Results

Fifty-five studies reporting on 58 models were identified: (1) models developed in patients with T2D for HF prediction (n=43), (2) models predicting HF developed in non-diabetic cohorts and externally validated in patients with T2D (n=3), and (3) models originally predicting a different outcome and externally validated for HF (n=12). RECODe (C-statistic=0.75 95% CI (0.72, 0.78), 95% prediction interval (PI) (0.68, 0.81); high certainty), TRS-HFDM (C-statistic=0.75 95% CI (0.69, 0.81), 95% PI (0.58, 0.87); low certainty) and WATCH-DM (C-statistic=0.70 95% CI (0.67, 0.73), 95% PI (0.63, 0.76); moderate certainty) showed the best performance. QDiabetes-HF demonstrated also good discrimination but was externally validated only once and not meta-analysed.

Conclusions

Among the prognostic models identified, four models showed promising performance and, thus, could be implemented in current clinical practice.
Mode Switching Technique for High Efficiency Buck Converter
Authors: Xiao Xu , Guo Junjie , Chang Changyuan , Guo Pengyu , Lu Li
Published: March 2023

In order to achieve high efficiency in a wider load range, a PWM/PFM/Power-Saved mode dc–dc buck converter is proposed. The mode switching technique is based on an accurate power loss model consisting of critical components/parameters: The size of the power transistor and the ON/OFF status of power-hungry subcircuits. The circuit of mode switching technique is achieved by the reference, pulse skipped modulation (PSM) comparator and feedback resistors, and its own consumption of quiescent current is extremely low. At ultra-light load, by detecting the ZCD duration and the ripple of the output, the system can switch to the Power-Saved-Mode. The proposed buck converter was implemented by using a 0.18 [Formula: see text]m CMOS process. It achieves a peak efficiency of 97% and [Formula: see text]90% efficiency from 100 [Formula: see text]A to 600 mA. A 360 nA quiescent current is achieved. With a low output ripple of less than 60 mV, the input voltage range and regulated output voltage are 3.6–5 V and 1.2–3.3 V, respectively.
A Feynman–Kac approach for the spatial derivative of the solution to the Wick stochastic heat equation driven by time homogeneous white noise
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jung , Scorolli Ramiro
Published: March 2023

We consider the (unique) mild solution [Formula: see text] of a one-dimensional stochastic heat equation on [Formula: see text] driven by time-homogeneous white noise in the Wick–Skorokhod sense. The main result of this paper is the computation of the spatial derivative of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], and its representation as a Feynman–Kac type closed form. The chaos expansion of [Formula: see text] makes it possible to find its (optimal) Hölder regularity especially in space.
Recommendation Algorithm of Industry Stock Trading Model with TODIM
Authors: Lv Dongdong , Gong Yingli , Chen Jianting , Xiang Yang
Published: March 2023

In stock trading, a common phenomenon is that the trends of stocks in the same industry are very similar. In contrast, the movements of stocks in different industries are often different. Therefore, applying the same model to all stock trading is inappropriate without distinguishing the industries in which the stocks belong. However, recommending an optimal industry stock trading model is very challenging based on performance evaluation indicators. First, the indicators of the trading model are diverse. Second, the ranking of multiple indicators is often inconsistent. In the paper, we model the problem to be solved as a multi-criteria decision-making process. Therefore, we first divide stock dataset into nine industries according to their main business. Then, we apply several machine learning algorithms as candidate models to generate trading signals. Second, we conduct daily trading backtesting based on the trading signals to obtain multiple performance evaluation indicators. Third, we propose an optimal recommendation algorithm for the industry stock trading model with TODIM. The experimental results in the US stock market and China’s A-share market show that the proposed algorithm can get a better trading model out-of-sample industry stock. Moreover, we effectively evaluate the generalization ability of the algorithm based on the proposed metrics. Finally, the proposed long–short portfolios based on the algorithm have achieved returns exceeding the benchmark on most out-of-sample datasets.
Relativistic spacetimes admitting almost Schouten solitons
Authors: De Uday Chand , Sardar Arpan , Mofarreh Fatemah
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we investigate almost Schouten solitons and almost gradient Schouten solitons in spacetimes of general relativity. At first, it is proven that if a generalized Robertson–Walker spacetime permits an almost Schouten soliton, then it becomes a perfect fluid spacetime as well as the spacetime represents a dark matter era. Besides this, we investigate almost gradient Schouten solitons in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes. Moreover, a spacetime obeying almost Schouten solitons whose potential vector field is a non-homothetic conformal vector field is of Petrov type [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text].
Wedging spacetime principal null directions
Authors: Bini Donato , Geralico Andrea , Jantzen Robert T.
Published: March 2023

Taking wedge products of the [Formula: see text] distinct principal null directions (PNDs) associated with the eigen-bivectors of the Weyl tensor associated with the Petrov classification, when linearly independent, one is able to express them in terms of the eigenvalues governing this decomposition. We study here algebraic and differential properties of such [Formula: see text]-forms by completing previous geometrical results concerning type I spacetimes and extending that analysis to algebraically special spacetimes with at least two distinct PNDs. A number of vacuum and nonvacuum spacetimes are examined to illustrate the general treatment.
Study of ideal gases in curved spacetimes
Authors: Aragón-Muñoz Luis , Quevedo Hernando
Published: March 2023

The influence of a curved spacetime [Formula: see text] on the physical behavior of an ideal gas of [Formula: see text] particles is analyzed by considering the phase space of the system as a region of the cotangent bundle [Formula: see text] and using Souriau’s Lie group thermodynamics to define the corresponding probability distribution function. While the construction of the phase space respects the separability of the system, by forcing each particle to satisfy the so-called mass-shell constraint, the probability distribution is constructed by mixing the natural symplectic structure of the cotangent bundle with a Hamiltonian description of the system. In this way, the spacetime is introduced into the statistics and its isometries turn out to be of special interest because the distributions are parametrized by the elements of the Lie algebra of the isometry group, through the momentum map of the action of the isometries in [Formula: see text]. We find the Gibbs distribution that, in the simplest case of a flat spacetime, reduces to the so-called modified Jüttner distribution, used to describe ideal gases in the regime of special relativity. We also define a temperature-like function using the norm of a Killing vector, which allows us to recover the so-called Tolman–Ehrenfest effect. As a particular example, we study the outer region of a Schwarzschild black hole, for which a power series expansion of the Schwarzschild radius allows us to represent the partition function and the Gibbs distribution in terms of the corresponding quantities of the Minkowski spacetime.
The Mn-Doped CsPbCl3 Perovskite Nanocrystals as a Photoluminescent Probe for Copper Ions Detection
Authors: Wang Zhimin , Yi Sizhong , Huang Yuanhao , Zhang Junliang , Wang Yuheng , Zhang Xiaowei , Jian Jiawen , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2023

Trace detection of toxic heavy metal ions is a hot topic in the sensing research area, especially in the organic phase using inorganic fluorescent colloidal nanocrystals. We report Mn-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), which were synthesized via the hot-injection method, as a fluorescent probe for the detection of copper ions in hexane. The introduction of Mn altered the emission peak, and lower the toxicity of the probe material. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Mn-doped CsPbCl3 PNCs is significantly quenched after contact with the [Formula: see text] solution. The mechanism of Cu quenching is electron transfer, which is experimentally proved by analyzing the PL spectrum, absorption spectrum and PL decay lifetime. The sensor in solution shape and solid shape is both prepared and their detection range from 10 nM to 500 [Formula: see text]M. The limit of detection in a low concentration area reaches 10 nM, showing great potential in sensing applications. This work expands the wavelength area of the [Formula: see text] detection probe by perovskite nanocrystals, and also improves the properties of probe material in optical performance, low toxicity, and stability.
On λ-pseudo starlike functions associated with vertical strip domain
Authors: Sokół Janusz , Murugusundaramoorthy G. , Vijaya K.
Published: March 2023

We consider the class of [Formula: see text]-pseudo starlike functions [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] maps the open unit disk [Formula: see text] onto a strip domain [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. We estimate [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and solve the Fekete–Szegö problem for functions in this class.
MembIT – A Tool to Calculate Solute Membrane Insertions and Deformations in Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Suzano Pedro M. S. , Pires Inês D. S. , Silva Tomás F. D. , Oliveira Nuno F. B. , Reis Pedro B. P. S. , Machuqueiro Miguel
Published: March 2023

In molecular dynamics simulations of membrane systems, it is very important to evaluate the interactions between membrane bilayers and other molecules like small compounds, peptides, or proteins. When these interactions lead to local deformations in the membrane, it is essential to fully understand and accurately characterize them, since these deformations can impact the calculation of membrane properties. Here, we introduce MembIT, a simple standalone tool that calculates several membrane properties that are very useful to gauge system equilibration and quality control in molecular dynamics simulations. It has implemented a distinction between local and bulk lipids, which corrects the local deformations, that are often overlooked by other tools. We show examples of MembIT calculations of membrane insertion and deformation values in systems containing POPC and a small drug (sunitinib), a transmembrane peptide (pHLIP), and a transmembrane protein (ADP/ATP carrier). We hope that this tool will be adopted by the scientific community and that the analyses that it provides become good practices in MD simulations of membrane systems.
Assessment of the Capability and Potential of Pristine, Sc-, Ti-, and Ni-Doped C24 Nanocages to Delivery and Sensor Property of Prothionamide Drug: Insight of DFT, TD-DFT Computational Methods
Authors: Rezaei-Sameti M. , Torabi H.
Published: March 2023

The capability and potential of C[Formula: see text], ScC[Formula: see text], TiC[Formula: see text], and NiC[Formula: see text] nanocages as novel candidates for delivery and sensor property of the Prothionamide (PA) drug in a biological system are investigated with density functional theory. The adsorption energy and thermodynamic parameters of PA@C[Formula: see text], PA@ScC[Formula: see text], PA@TiC[Formula: see text], and PA@NiC[Formula: see text] complexes in the absences and presence of static electrical field (SEF) (SEF[Formula: see text], SEF[Formula: see text], SEF[Formula: see text], and SEF[Formula: see text] a.u.) are calculated, and results indicated that the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] values for all studied complexes in gas media are negative and exothermic. In the presence of water solvent, the [Formula: see text] values of all drug and nanocage complexes are positive. The quantum descriptors, molecular electrostatic potential, the density of state, UV–visible spectrum, and dipole moment of all drug and nanocage complexes are determined and results are analyzed. The topological results of atom in molecule and the noncovalent interaction index display that the interaction of PA drug with C[Formula: see text] is electrostatic- and van der Waals-type. The computational results suggest that the ScC[Formula: see text], TiC[Formula: see text], and NiC[Formula: see text] nanocages can be used as good candidates for the delivery and sensor of the PA drug.
DatAFLow
: Toward a Data-Flow-Guided Fuzzer
Authors: Herrera Adrian , Payer Mathias , Hosking Antony L.
Published: March 2023

Coverage-guided greybox fuzzers rely on
control-flow
coverage feedback to explore a target program and uncover bugs. Compared to control-flow coverage,
data-flow
coverage offers a more fine-grained approximation of program behavior. Data-flow coverage captures behaviors not visible as control flow and should intuitively discover more (or different) bugs. Despite this advantage, fuzzers guided by data-flow coverage have received relatively little attention, appearing mainly in combination with heavyweight program analyses (e.g., taint analysis, symbolic execution). Unfortunately, these more accurate analyses incur a high run-time penalty, impeding fuzzer throughput. Lightweight data-flow alternatives to control-flow fuzzing remain unexplored.

We present
datAFLow
, a greybox fuzzer guided by lightweight data-flow profiling. We also establish a framework for reasoning about data-flow coverage, allowing the computational cost of exploration to be balanced with precision. Using this framework, we extensively evaluate
datAFLow
across different precisions, comparing it against state-of-the-art fuzzers guided by control flow, taint analysis, and data flow.

Our results suggest that the ubiquity of control-flow-guided fuzzers is well-founded. The high run-time costs of data-flow-guided fuzzing (~10 × higher than control-flow-guided fuzzing) significantly reduces fuzzer iteration rates, adversely affecting bug discovery and coverage expansion. Despite this,
datAFLow
uncovered bugs that state-of-the-art control-flow-guided fuzzers (notably, AFL++) failed to find. This was because data-flow coverage revealed states in the target not visible under control-flow coverage. Thus, we encourage the community to continue exploring lightweight data-flow profiling; specifically, to lower run-time costs and to combine this profiling with control-flow coverage to maximize bug-finding potential.
Synergistic Effect of Vanadate and Nanoclay Hybrid Inhibitor on the Self-Corrosion and Discharge Activity of Al Anode in Alkaline Aluminum-Air Batteries
Authors: Harchegani R. K. , Riahi A. R.
Published: March 2023

The inherent safety and low cost of aqueous aluminum-air (Al-air) batteries have attracted significant attention. However, their lifespan is constrained due to the formation of passive layers and severe self-corrosion of the Al anode. This work addresses the Al anode issues using an innovative design strategy by adding vanadate and nanoclay to modify the interaction of Al and electrolyte. The results have shown that adding each vanadate, nanoclay, and a hybrid combination of both reduced Al anode corrosion considerably. However, the hybrid additive provided the highest inhibition efficiency of 72.6% compared to 57.6% for vanadium and 69.8% for nanoclay. The anode’s anodic efficiency and capacity density reached 81.4% and 2426 mAh.g−1 using a hybrid inhibitor. Electrochemical and microscopical analysis indicated that the corrosion inhibition of the additives was attributed to a protective film formed on the Al anode surface. Therefore, this technique has the potential for application in Al-air batteries to increase their lifespan by increasing the inhibition efficiency of the Al anode.
Electrolyte-gated field Effect Transistors Based on Cu Interdigitated Electrode for H2O2 and Glucose Sensing
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Maryam , Dehghani Sajjad , Haghighi Behzad
Published: March 2023

A copper interdigitated electrode was patterned on a piece of printed circuit board. A layer of CNRG-CS composite prepared using graphitic carbon nitride, reduced graphene oxide and chitosan was immobilized on Cu interdigitated electrode as semiconductive channel. Then, the prepared CNRG-CS modified Cu interdigitated electrode was positioned into a home-made chamber to assemble an electrolyte-gated field effect transistor (EGFET)-based sensor for the non-enzymatic detection of H2O2. Also, glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on CNRG-CS modified Cu interdigitated electrode to prepare CNRG-CS/GOx modified Cu interdigitated electrode and to assemble an EGFET-based biosensor for the enzymatic detection of glucose. Two linear dynamic ranges of 0.16 − 8.0 μM and 8.0 − 160 μM were obtained for H2O2 detection. Also, two linear dynamic ranges of 0.15 − 3.5 μM and 3.5 − 80 μM were obtained for glucose detection. The detection limits (S/N = 3) for H2O2 and glucose were 0.12 and 0.14 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviations for repetitive measurements (n = 3) of H2O2 (3.0 μM) and glucose (3.0 μM) were 1.8 and 2.5%, respectively.
Female mice are protected from impaired parenchymal arteriolar TRPV4 function and impaired cognition in hypertension
Authors: Chambers Laura C. , Yen Martina , Jackson William F. , Dorrance Anne M.
Published: March 2023

Vascular dementia is a significant public health concern, and the effect of biological sex on dementia development is not well understood. TRPV4 channels are essential regulators of cerebral parenchymal arteriolar function and cognition. Hypertension impairs TRPV4-mediated dilation and memory in male rodents. Data presented here suggest female sex protects against impaired TRPV4 dilation and cognitive dysfunction during hypertension. These data advance our understanding of the influence of biological sex on cerebrovascular health in hypertension.
“Pontos de Contato” revisitados
Authors: Schechner Richard
Published: March 2023

Em 1985, publiquei “Pontos de contato entre o pensamento antropológico e teatral” como primeiro capítulo de meu livro Between Theater and Anthropology (Entre o Teatro e a Antropologia), de título bastante claro. As coisas mudaram muito desde então. Veio a “virada performativa” na antropologia, e, com ela, uma nova galáxia de contatos entre o pensamento antropológico e o teatral. No ensaio a seguir, discuto três (novos) pontos de contato. Eles não existem isoladamente. Estão entrelaçados, refletem-se uns nos outros e interagem entre si. No entanto, podem até certo ponto ser analisados em termos de 1. Encorporação1 – a experiência como base do conhecimento nativo que é compartilhado por meio da performance; 2. As fontes da cultura humana como performativas; e 3. O cérebro como um local de performance. O que fundamenta estes três pontos de contato, como mostra Diana Taylor, é o fato de que a performance constitui um repertório de conhecimento encorporado, uma aprendizagem no e através do corpo, bem como um meio de criar, preservar e transmitir conhecimento.
Performando a cidadania: artistas vão às ruas
Authors: Taylor Diana
Published: March 2023

Três enunciados, exibições e atos cerimoniais concorrentes na turbulenta eleição mexicana de 2006 ilustram o grau em que tanto a performance e a política quanto a performance como política abarcam repertórios culturais e práticas de legitimação múltiplos, sobrepostos, e frequentemente contestados. Neste ensaio, alguns elementos de performance desses eventos serão observados – a encenação, o poder de performativos e o que a autora chama de animativos políticos, assim como o papel do público espectador – que caracterizaram o cenário de participação democrática em seu devir. Uma questão se apresenta: como o faz de conta (make believe) realmente produz crença (make belief ) e molda realidades políticas?
Performando Orientalismos: do Harém à Primavera Árabe
Authors: Raposo Paulo
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste texto é analisar como as representações e as autorrepresentações da cultura árabe se projetam em eventos performativos particulares como são as recriações históricas de cariz cristão no mundo ocidental, nomeadamente em Portugal e Espanha. Estas imagens serão também observadas na criação de espaços e de projetos performativos dedicados sobretudo à dança e à música de traços árabes ou orientais. Procura-se explicitar modos de configuração deste outro mundo que são construídos por meio de formas de expressão performativa emergentes na atualidade europeia como exercícios nostálgicos de objetificação do passado da Velha Europa cristã. Estas podem ser melhor entendidas como reperformances. O texto suporta-se na pesquisa etnográfica em diversos eventos de recriação histórica, nas interlocuções com performers e na etnografia destes espaços e projetos dedicados a estilos performativos árabes, supostamente tradicionais.