bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic relatedness and diversity of Capillaria species infecting bayad (Bagrus bajad) in upper Egypt
Authors: Abd-Elrahman Salwa Mahmoud , Abdel-Rahman Salma M. , Bakir Hanaa Y. , Othman Ragaa A. , Khedr Abeer A. , Khalifa Mervat M. , Abdel-Hakeem Sara S.
Published: May 2024

Background

This study investigates the genetic characteristics of Capillaria isolates from the infected fish, Bagrus bajad, and their relation to human Capillaria philippinensis using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) analysis. Fifteen fish Capillaria were isolated and compared to identified human C. philippinensis using six primers: M-are, M-1, G-7, G-11, G-15, and G-18.

Results

All six primers successfully amplified DNA, highlighting their efficacy in distinguishing between human and fish Capillaria isolates. The analysis revealed distinctive banding patterns between fish and human isolates, with variations in size and number of DNA fragments. Additionally, genetic similarity analysis showed intriguing patterns of relatedness, with certain pairs exhibiting high similarity percentages. Comparative assessment of RAPD polymorphism demonstrated consistent findings of 100% polymorphism across all primers. The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean Algorithm (UPGMA) evaluated the closest relationship between human and fish isolates. These results underscore the utility of RAPD analysis in delineating the genetic diversity among Capillaria isolates from different hosts.

Conclusion

Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the genetic variability and relatedness among Capillaria isolates, shedding light on their evolutionary dynamics and zoonotic potential.
Metabolomics reveals ascorbic acid inhibits ferroptosis in hepatocytes and boosts the effectiveness of anti-PD1 immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Guoqiang , Liu Chuan , Lu Zhengqing , Zhang Jinyu , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Dai Mingrui , Liu Hanyuan , Feng Tingting , Tang Weiwei , Xia Yongxiang
Published: May 2024

Background

Immunotherapy combined with molecular targeted therapy is increasingly popular in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, immune-related adverse events(irAEs) brought on by immunotherapy increase the likelihood of side effects, thus it is important to look into ways to address this issue.

Methods

Different metabolite patterns were established by analyzing metabolomics data in liver tissue samples from 10 patients(divided into severe and mild liver injury) before and after immuno-targeted therapy. After establishing a subcutaneous tumor model of HCC, the mice were divided into PBS group, ascorbic acid(AA) group, and anti-PD1 + tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) group, anti-PD1 + TKI + AA group. Liver tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE) and the content of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase(ALT) in blood were determined. The mechanism was confirmed by western blotting, mass cytometry, and other techniques.

Results

Through metabolomics analysis, AA was significantly reduced in the sample of patients with severe liver injury caused by immuno-targeted therapy compared to patients with mild liver injury. The addition of AA in vivo experiments demonstrated a reduction in liver injury in mice. In the liver tissues of the anti-PD1 + TKI + AA group, the protein expressions of SLC7A11,GPX4 and the level of glutathione(GSH) were found to be higher compared to the anti-PD1 + TKI group. Mass cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase in the CD11b+CD44+ PD-L1+ cell population in the AA group when compared to the PBS group.

Conclusions

AA could reduce liver injury by preventing hepatocyte SLC7A11/GPX4 ferroptosis and improve the immunotherapy effect of anti-PD1 by boosting CD11b+CD44+PD-L1+cell population in HCC.
Use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) for trauma and its performance in Japan over the past 18 years: a nationwide descriptive study
Authors: Hoshi Hiromasa , Endo Akira , Yamamoto Ryo , Yamakawa Kazuma , Suzuki Keisuke , Akutsu Tomohiro , Morishita Koji
Published: May 2024

Background

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been used to control massive hemorrhages. Although there is no consensus on the efficacy of REBOA, it remains an option as a bridging therapy in non-trauma centers where trauma surgeons are not available. To better understand the current landscape of REBOA application, we examined changes in its usage, target population, and treatment outcomes in Japan, where immediate hemostasis procedures sometimes cannot be performed.

Methods

This retrospective observational study used the Japan Trauma Data Bank data. All cases in which REBOA was performed between January 2004 and December 2021 were included. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. We analyzed mortality trends over time according to the number of cases, number of centers, severity of injury, and overall and subgroup mortality associated with REBOA usage. We performed a logistic analysis of mortality trends over time, adjusting for probability of survival based on the trauma and injury severity score.

Results

Overall, 2557 patients were treated with REBOA and were deemed eligible for inclusion. The median age of the participants was 55 years, and male patients constituted 65.3% of the study population. Blunt trauma accounted for approximately 93.0% of the cases. The number of cases and facilities that used REBOA increased until 2019. While the injury severity score and revised trauma score did not change throughout the observation period, the hospital mortality rate decreased from 91.3 to 50.9%. The REBOA group without severe head or spine injuries showed greater improvement in mortality than the all-patient group using REBOA and all-trauma patient group. The greatest improvement in mortality was observed in patients with systolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The adjusted odds ratios for hospital mortality steadily declined, even after adjusting for the probability of survival.

Conclusions

While there was no significant change in patient severity, mortality of patients treated with REBOA decreased over time. Further research is required to determine the reasons for these improvements in trauma care.
Single-domain antibody-based protein degrader for synucleinopathies
Authors: Jiang Yixiang , Lin Yan , Tetlow Amber M. , Pan Ruimin , Ji Changyi , Kong Xiang-Peng , Congdon Erin E. , Sigurdsson Einar M.
Published: May 2024

Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain, leading to motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Currently, there are no known cures for synucleinopathies, and treatments mainly focus on symptom management. In this study, we developed a single-domain antibody (sdAb)-based protein degrader with features designed to enhance proteasomal degradation of α-syn. This sdAb derivative targets both α-syn and Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate-receptor for the E3-ubiquitin ligase CRL4CRBN, and thereby induces α-syn ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Our results indicate that this therapeutic candidate enhances proteasomal degradation of α-syn, in addition to the endogenous lysosomal degradation machinery. By promoting proteasomal degradation of α-syn, we improved clearance of α-syn in primary culture and mouse models of synucleinopathy. These findings indicate that our sdAb-based protein degrader is a promising therapeutic candidate for synucleinopathies. Considering that only a small percentage of antibodies enter the brain, more potent sdAbs with greater brain entry than whole antibodies could enhance clinical benefits of antibody-based therapies.
Rebuilding the health sector in Gaza: alternative humanitarian voices
Authors: Blanchet Karl , Najem Martine , Shadid Lina , Fehmi Rouba Ali , Al Hammouri Fawzi , Saed Ghassan , Saleh Khaled J. , Nasser Mosab , Moukaddam Nidal , Polonsky Jonathan , Lattouf Omar
Published: May 2024

In November 2023, a variety of disparate health organizations formed an international coalition to consolidate efforts and develop collaborative strategies in response to the increasing critical healthcare challenges caused by the recent war in Gaza. The coalition includes medical and public health experts, humanitarian practitioners, academics, and health policy-makers from across the world. Their membership has not much to do with mainstream humanitarian organisations. It is lead by the diaspora from the region. Their vision is the long-term reconstruction of the health system in Gaza while responding the most urgent needs. This collective effort will require explicit efforts to speak with one voice and avoid duplication. This collective movement may be an orginal initiative that may be able to beat the expected international donor fatigue.
Intermittent blood flow restriction with low-load resistance training for older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial protocol
Authors: Hong Qiao-Mei , Wang Hao-Nan , Liu Xi-Hui , Zhou Wen-Qi , Luo Xiao-Bing
Published: May 2024

Background

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain and functional impairment. Blood flow restriction (BFR) with low-load resistance training (LLRT) demonstrates a similar improvement in clinical outcomes to high-load resistance training (HLRT) in treating KOA. It has not been established whether intermittent blood flow restriction (iBFR) with LLRT can lead to clinical outcomes that are comparable to those produced by continuous blood flow restriction (cBFR) with LLRT and HLRT. The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the efficacy of iBFR with LLRT on pain, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), muscle strength, muscle mass, physical function, perceptions of discomfort and effort, and adherence in KOA patients.

Methods

This is a three-arm, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial utilizing blinded assessors. Two hundred thirteen participants will be randomly allocated to one of the following three groups: iBFR group—receiving 4 months of LLRT with iBFR, twice weekly (n = 71); cBFR group—receiving 4 months of LLRT with cBFR, twice weekly (n = 71); or HLRT group—receiving 4 months of HLRT without BFR, twice weekly (n = 71). The primary outcome is pain. The secondary outcomes include the WOMAC, muscle strength, muscle mass, physical function, perceptions of discomfort and effort, and adherence. Pain and WOMAC will be measured at the baseline and 4 and 12 months after randomizations. Muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical function will be measured at the baseline and 4 months after randomizations. The perceptions of discomfort and effort will be measured during the first and final sessions.

Discussion

BFR with LLRT has a similar improvement in clinical outcomes as HLRT. However, cBFR may cause elevated ratings of perceived exertion and local discomfort, compromising patient tolerability and treatment adherence. If iBFR with LLRT could produce improvement in clinical outcomes analogous to those of HLRT and iBFR with LLRT, it could be considered an alternative approach for treating patients with KOA.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300072820. Registered on June 26, 2023.
Modifying lignin composition and xylan O-acetylation induces changes in cell wall composition, extractability, and digestibility
Authors: Chaudhari Aniket Anant , Sharma Anant Mohan , Rastogi Lavi , Dewangan Bhagwat Prasad , Sharma Raunak , Singh Deepika , Sah Rajan Kumar , Das Shouvik , Bhattacharjee Saikat , Mellerowicz Ewa J. , Pawar Prashant Anupama-Mohan
Published: May 2024

Background

Lignin and xylan are important determinants of cell wall structure and lignocellulosic biomass digestibility. Genetic manipulations that individually modify either lignin or xylan structure improve polysaccharide digestibility. However, the effects of their simultaneous modifications have not been explored in a similar context. Here, both individual and combinatorial modification in xylan and lignin was studied by analysing the effect on plant cell wall properties, biotic stress responses and integrity sensing.

Results

Arabidopsis plant co-harbouring mutation in FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE (F5H) and overexpressing Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase (35S:AnAXE1) were generated and displayed normal growth attributes with intact xylem architecture. This fah1-2/35S:AnAXE1 cross was named as hyper G lignin and hypoacetylated (HrGHypAc) line. The HrGHypAc plants showed increased crystalline cellulose content with enhanced digestibility after chemical and enzymatic pre-treatment. Moreover, both parents and HrGHypAc without and after pre-treating with glucuronyl esterase and alpha glucuronidase exhibited an increase in xylose release after xylanase digestion as compared to wild type. The de-pectinated fraction in HrGHypAc displayed elevated levels of xylan and cellulose. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis revealed differential expression in cell wall biosynthetic, transcription factors and wall-associated kinases genes implying the role of lignin and xylan modification on cellular regulatory processes.

Conclusions

Simultaneous modification in xylan and lignin enhances cellulose content with improved saccharification efficiency. These modifications loosen cell wall complexity and hence resulted in enhanced xylose and xylobiose release with or without pretreatment after xylanase digestion in both parent and HrGHypAc. This study also revealed that the disruption of xylan and lignin structure is possible without compromising either growth and development or defense responses against Pseudomonas syringae infection.
Malignancy is increased in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in China
Authors: Han Xiang-Yu , Li Zhi-Ying , Zhao Ming-Hui , Little Mark A. , Chen Min
Published: May 2024

Objective

It has been reported that in western countries malignancy risk was higher in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) compared with that in the general population. In the current study, we investigated the incidence, spectrum and risk factors of malignancy in Chinese AAV patients.

Methods

AAV patients diagnosed from 1995 to 2021 in Peking University First Hospital with a follow-up more than 12 months were recruited. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated to describe the risk of malignancy, adjusted for sex, age and follow-up time.

Results

A total of 552 AAV patients were recruited, among which 23 patients had malignancies either preceding or concurrent with AAV diagnosis, and 43 of the remaining 529 patients developed malignancies within 4.3 ± 4.2 years post AAV diagnosis (SIR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.68–2.99; p < 0.001). Among these 66 patients, twenty different sites of malignancy were observed, lung cancer being most frequent. To get exactly expected malignancies for the calculation of SIR, 529 patients without preceding or concurrent malignancies were included in the following analysis. Lung cancer was still the leading malignancy diagnosis (SIR: 5.01; 95% CI: 3.29–7.62), followed by malignancies in the kidney, bladder, ureter and prostate. Male gender (HR:2.84; 95%CI:1.36–5.96; p = 0.006) and older age (per year, HR:1.04; 95%CI:1.00-1.07; p = 0.038) were significantly associated with increased risk of malignancy. For patients with malignancy developed beyond 5 years after the diagnosis of AAV, a significantly higher malignancy risk was observed in those with a cumulative cyclophosphamide dose over 20.0 g (SIR: 11.54; 95% CI: 4.77–27.93; p < 0.001). Within the first 2 years after the diagnosis of AAV, the risk of malignancy was still significantly higher than that in the general population, but the cumulative cyclophosphamide dose was not significantly associated with malignancy occurrence in this subgroup of patients.

Conclusions

Malignancy risk is higher in Chinese AAV patients than that in the general population, with a different malignancy spectrum from western countries. Both the use of cyclophosphamide and AAV per se might be associated with higher incidence of malignancy occurrence.
Efficacy of preoperative single-dose dexamethasone in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications following minimally invasive esophagectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched study
Authors: Li Xiaoxi , Yu Ling , Yang Jiaonan , Fu Miao , Tan Hongyu
Published: May 2024

Background

The study was performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of preoperative dexamethasone (DXM) in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).

Methods

Patients who underwent total MIE with two-field lymph node dissection from February 2018 to February 2023 were included in this study. Patients who were given either 5 mg or 10 mg DXM as preoperative prophylactic medication before induction of general anesthesia were assigned to the DXM group, while patients who did not receive DXM were assigned to the control group. Preoperative evaluations, intraoperative data, and occurrence of postoperative complications were analyzed. The primary outcome was the incidence of PPCs occurring by day 7 after surgery.

Results

In total, 659 patients were included in the study; 453 patients received preoperative DXM, while 206 patients did not. Propensity score-matched analysis created a matched cohort of 366 patients, with 183 patients each in the DXM and control groups. A total of 24.6% of patients in the DXM group and 30.6% of patients in the control group had PPCs (P = 0.198). The incidence of respiratory failure was significantly lower in the DXM group than in the control group (1.1% vs 5.5%, P = 0.019). Fewer patients were re-intubated during their hospital stay in the DXM group than in the control group (1.1% vs 5.5%, P = 0.019).

Conclusions

Preoperative DXM before induction of anesthesia did not reduce overall PPC development after MIE. Nevertheless, the occurrence of early respiratory failure and the incidence of re-intubation during hospitalization were decreased.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300071674; Date of registration, 22/05/2023)
Prehabilitation of surgical patients: a bibliometric analysis from 2005 to 2023
Authors: Ma Wei , Liu Yijun , Liu Jin , Qiu Yanhua , Zuo Yunxia
Published: May 2024

Background

Good preoperative conditions help patients to counteract surgical injury. Prehabilitation is a multimodal preoperative management strategy, including physical, nutritional, psychological, and other interventions, which can improve the functional reserve of patients and enhance postoperative recovery. The purpose of this study is to show the evolution trend and future directions of research related to the prehabilitation of surgical patients.

Methods

The global literature regarding prehabilitation was identified from The Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric methods of the Bibliometrix package of R (version 4.2.1) and VOSviewer were used to analyze publication trends, cooperative networks, study themes, and co-citation relationships in the field.

Results

A total of 638 publications were included and the number of publications increased rapidly since 2016, with an average annual growth rate of 41.0%. “Annals of Surgery”, “British Journal of Surgery” and “British Journal of Anesthesia” were the most cited journals. Experts from the USA, Canada, the UK, and the Netherlands contributed the most in this field, and an initial cooperative network among different countries and clinical teams was formed. Malnutrition, older patients, frailty, and high-risk patients were the hotspots of recent studies. However, among the top 10 cited articles, the clinical effects of prehabilitation were conflicting.

Conclusion

This bibliometric review summarized the most influential publications as well as the publication trends and clarified the progress and future directions of prehabilitation, which could serve as a guide for developing evidence-based practices.
Development of an organophosphate and carbamate pesticide test kit by using a magnetic particle coated with esterase enzyme from honey bee heads
Authors: Jaitham Udomsap , Kawichai Sawaeng , Yadoung Sumed , Tongchai Phannika , Jeeno Peerapong , Yana Pichamon , Chuttong Bajaree , Danmek Khanchai , Hongsibsong Surat
Published: May 2024

Organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates (CMs) play a vital role in Thai agriculture, public health, and pest control. However, their detection presents challenges due to expensive methods requiring specialized expertise. Addressing this gap, our study introduces an innovative, cost-effective method for detecting OPs and CMs in Thailand. We utilized the test kit by using magnetic particles coated with esterase enzymes from honey bee heads combined with a colorimetric approach. The developed test kit shows low limits of detection (LODs) at 0.001 mg/L of dichlorvos (OPs) and 0.004 mg/L for carbaryl (CMs). The efficiency of the developed test kits in comparison with the standard technique of gas chromatography with flame photometry detection (GC-FPD) shows a comparable result in fruit and vegetable residue analysis. This developed test kit proposes a cost-effective OPs and CMs analysis test kit for Thailand, promising expense reduction and simplified verification processes. Its applicability to fruits and vegetables signifies practicality in agriculture, marking a significant advancement in accessible and efficient pesticide residue monitoring. Despite challenges in pesticide use, our method holds promise for improving safety and efficiency in Thai pesticide management.

Graphical Abstract
Analysis of optical coherence tomography biomarker probability detection in central serous chorioretinopathy by using an artificial intelligence-based biomarker detector
Authors: Ferro Desideri Lorenzo , Anguita Rodrigo , Berger Lieselotte E. , Feenstra Helena M. A. , Scandella Davide , Sznitman Raphael , Boon Camiel J. F. , van Dijk Elon H. C. , Zinkernagel Martin S.
Published: May 2024

Aim

To adopt a novel artificial intelligence (AI) optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based program to identify the presence of biomarkers associated with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and whether these can differentiate between acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (aCSC and cCSC).

Methods

Multicenter, observational study with a retrospective design enrolling treatment-naïve patients with aCSC and cCSC. The diagnosis of aCSC and cCSC was established with multimodal imaging and for the current study subsequent follow-up visits were also considered. Baseline OCTs were analyzed by an AI-based platform (Discovery® OCT Fluid and Biomarker Detector, RetinAI AG, Switzerland). This software allows to detect several different biomarkers in each single OCT scan, including subretinal fluid (SRF), intraretinal fluid (IRF), hyperreflective foci (HF) and flat irregular pigment epithelium detachment (FIPED). The presence of SRF was considered as a necessary inclusion criterion for performing biomarker analysis and OCT slabs without SRF presence were excluded from the analysis.

Results

Overall, 160 eyes of 144 patients with CSC were enrolled, out of which 100 (62.5%) eyes were diagnosed with cCSC and 60 eyes (34.5%) with aCSC. In the OCT slabs showing presence of SRF the presence of biomarkers was found to be clinically relevant (> 50%) for HF and FIPED in aCSC and cCSC. HF had an average percentage of 81% (± 20) in the cCSC group and 81% (± 15) in the aCSC group (p = 0.4295) and FIPED had a mean percentage of 88% (± 18) in cCSC vs. 89% (± 15) in the aCSC (p = 0.3197).

Conclusion

We demonstrate that HF and FIPED are OCT biomarkers positively associated with CSC when present at baseline. While both HF and FIPED biomarkers could aid in CSC diagnosis, they could not distinguish between aCSC and cCSC at the first visit. AI-assisted biomarker detection shows promise for reducing invasive imaging needs, but further validation through longitudinal studies is needed.
Pore pressure-minimum horizontal stress coupling estimation in Tunu Field, Lower Kutai Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Ramdhan Agus M. , Fadlan Dhanny , O’Connor Stephen , Herdianto Roni , Radwan Ahmed E. , Arifin Arifin
Published: May 2024

Quantifying the change of minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) in response to pore pressure is vital, particularly at the development stage of a hydrocarbon field. However, estimates of the coupling ratio between these parameters, either at basin or reservoir scales, are not well defined in Indonesia’s sedimentary basin, such as Lower Kutai Basin. This study investigates the coupling ratio between Shmin and pore pressure in one of the gas fields within the basin, Tunu Field, using available evidence from an extensive data set of direct pressure measurement, leak-off test, extended LOT, Mini-Frac, and lost circulation. Previous studies have reported overpressured and depleted reservoirs. Nevertheless, the evolution of Shmin due to the change in pore pressure has yet to be well established. This study reveals a Shmin and vertical stress ratio of 0.87 which may relate to the stiffening of the shales via clay diagenesis/cementation. Coupling ratios between Shmin and pore pressure are 0.3 for the overpressured zone at the basin scale and 0.42 for the depletion at the reservoir scale. The approach used has been shown to produce similar coupling ratio (or stress path) results to other basins globally, thus providing a useful estimate of the Shmin and pore pressure relationship for the Tunu Field, and potentially other fields in the Lower Kutai Basin. For the application to infill drillings within the field, this study indicates Shmin decreases in response to pore pressure depletion due to production, ranging from 1.7 to 2.3 ppg within the hydrostatic zone and from 2.5 to 3.7 within the overpressured zone, equivalent to a Pore Pressure (PP)-Shmin window decrease of approximately 28% to 37% and approximately 40% to 88%, respectively. In addition, strike-slip faulting is suggested as the likely in situ stress regime in the Tunu Field.
Integrative Therapies in Cancer Care: An Update on the Guidelines
Authors: Gowin Krisstina , Muminovic Meri , Zick Suzanna M. , Lee Richard T. , Lacchetti Christina , Mehta Ashwin
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

ASCO and the Society for Integrative Oncology have collaborated to develop guidelines for the application of integrative approaches in the management of anxiety, depression, fatigue and use of cannabinoids and cannabis in patients with cancer. These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations to improve outcomes and quality of life by enhancing conventional cancer treatment with integrative modalities.

METHODS

All studies that informed the guideline recommendations were reviewed by an Expert Panel which was made up of a patient advocate, an ASCO methodologist, oncology providers, and integrative medicine experts. Panel members reviewed each trial for quality of evidence, determined a grade quality assessment label, and concluded strength of recommendations.

RESULTS

Strong recommendations for management of cancer fatigue during treatment were given to both in-person or web-based mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and tai chi or qigong. Strong recommendations for management of cancer fatigue after cancer treatment were given to mindfulness-based programs. Clinicians should recommend against using cannabis or cannabinoids as a cancer-directed treatment unless within the context of a clinical trial. The recommended modalities for managing anxiety included Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs), yoga, hypnosis, relaxation therapies, music therapy, reflexology, acupuncture, tai chi, and lavender essential oils. The strongest recommendation in the guideline is that MBIs should be offered to people with cancer, both during active treatment and post-treatment, to address depression.

CONCLUSION

The evidence for integrative interventions in cancer care is growing, with research now supporting benefits of integrative interventions across the cancer care continuum.
Poetry as Translation
Authors: Agamben Giorgio , Attell Kevin
Published: May 2024

This essay reflects on the constitutive bilingualism that characterizes the self-translation of twentieth-century poets in dialect into Italian. Here, Agamben proposes, the poem no longer dwells within the identity of one language but finds a true home in the white space that joins and divides the two texts, often printed on facing pages. Agamben traces back this poetic bilingualism to Dante, who contrasts the vernacular language, “which infants acquire from those around them,” and the language he calls “grammatical,” which we have to learn through a long course of study. This translative tension between two languages is not just an issue for poetry in dialect, but, as Hölderlin’s translations from Pindar and Sophocles clearly show, also defines every authentic poetic intention. Taking on this inherent bilingualism is, according to Agamben, the task of both the translator and the poet.
Does Rimbaud Get Ashbery?
Authors: Smith Matthew
Published: May 2024

This article offers a new approach for reading and evaluating translations by repurposing a long-standing model for assessing translations: the equivalence paradigm. Instead of decoupling a target text from a source text, or establishing an equal playing field between them—two common approaches used by recent theorists in translation studies—this article reverses the relationship between the two. The test case for this practice is John Ashbery’s translation of Rimbaud’s Illuminations. The exercise thus requires reading Rimbaud’s work as a translation of Ashbery’s “original” text. In this way, the clear hierarchy of values inherent in the equivalence paradigm is highlighted both to expose the model’s biases and to bring attention to the inimitable “originality” of a translation. In the end, although Rimbaud may be rightly appreciated as an unparalleled poet, many will find his appeal as a translator—at least as a translator of Ashbery—wanting.
Truchement serviteur de deux maîtresses
Authors: Tengour Habib
Published: May 2024

Il s’agit d’une réflexion personnelle d’un poète-traducteur algérien sur le rôle indispensable que la traduction a joué dans sa créativité poétique. Soulignant en particulier son éducation bilingue dans le contexte colonial algérien, il observe que ses traductions de poètes de l’anglais, de l’arabe et de l’allemand vers le français sont donc « doublement étrangères » parce que son français est imprégné de sa culture et de sa langue arabes. L’essai plaide en faveur de la coexistence pacifique de deux langues, et en particulier de la coexistence postcoloniale de l’arabe et du français, en tant qu’enrichissement mutuel. Tengour montre comment cette approche inclusive à la traduction, dans le context du bilinguisme algérien, informe non seulement son processus créatif mais aussi son travail éditorial, notamment Diwân ifriqiya, le volume quatre de la série Poems for the Millennium de l’University of California Press, et Poèmes du monde, une série de poèmes en traduction des Éditions Apic en Algérie, qui a publié plus de vingt poètes originaires d’une douzaine de pays au moins.
Quichottisme et méthodes chez Descartes et Sorel
Authors: Falantin Flavien
Published: May 2024

Antonomase forgée à l’aide du célèbre personnage cervantin, le quichottisme représente cette distorsion du réel survenue après une immersion romanesque immodérée. Avant l’heure, Don Quichotte promeut simultanément l’anti-cogito, l’anti-pensée et l’anti-héros. Autrement dit, il est l’incarnation d’un modèle à abattre pour les philosophes du XVIIe siècle. Le présent article propose donc de reprendre la dénonciation du roman espagnol, lancée conjointement par Descartes et Sorel, en montrant leur double perspective critique. La confrontation de leurs méthodes respectives, établies dans le but d’extraire le lecteur des limbes de la fiction, laisse entrevoir un élément épistémologique commun : la présence d’une triple instance narrative. Dès lors, une navigation discursive dangereuse s’amorce entre la Scylla sorélienne, visant à guérir l’amateur de roman parodique par son jumeau satirique l’anti-roman, et la Charybde cartésienne, substituant à l’immersion fictionnelle, créatrice de naïveté, un pacte de lecture qui lui serait soi-disant antithétique. Ce dialogue entre les deux auteurs permet de développer plus avant l’hypothèse de John Lyons sur la récurrence du mot extravagance chez Descartes, qui semble viser Sorel. Mais construit au contact des romanciers qu’il fustige, le Discours de la méthode ne devient-il pas, à son tour, un anti-roman comme les autres ?
Introduction
Authors: Anusha Chandana , Omer Ayesha , Shankar Devika
Published: May 2024

Massive modern port projects across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean in the twenty-first century are where anxieties about the global economy, state sovereignty, and climate change converge. Many of these port projects are agents of a country's geopolitical aspirations. Port constructions engineer rigid boundaries between land and sea, rendering coastlines vulnerable to sea-level rise. Port operations generate effluents from imports like coal and oil that contaminate coastal environments, with devastating consequences for ecologies. They generate debates about the future of the world, where futures of economic growth through technological revolutions in shipping and logistics clash with ecological collapse caused by such mega-infrastructures on already vulnerable coastlines. This interdisciplinary special section, “Port Environments in South Asia,” enters such debates by focusing on ports in South Asia. The South Asian coastline, after all, is today a site of aggressive port development even as scientists project it to be an early victim of the rising sea. “Port environments” allows contributors to move from intimate interactions with local ecologies to the underlying political and legal debates shaping the making and remaking of ports and coasts. As this introduction details, “Port Environments in South Asia” probes the cultural and political desires and discontents entangled in port building and seeks to nurture alternative ways of inhabiting the coastline.
40 years of homeodomain transcription factors in the Drosophila nervous system
Authors: Doe Chris Q. , Thor Stefan
Published: May 2024

Drosophila nervous system development progresses through a series of well-characterized steps in which homeodomain transcription factors (HDTFs) play key roles during most, if not all, phases. Strikingly, although some HDTFs have only one role, many others are involved in multiple steps of the developmental process. Most Drosophila HDTFs engaged in nervous system development are conserved in vertebrates and often play similar roles during vertebrate development. In this Spotlight, we focus on the role of HDTFs during embryogenesis, where they were first characterized.
Disentangling Rent Index Differences: Data, Methods, and Scope
Authors: Adams Brian , Loewenstein Lara , Montag Hugh , Verbrugge Randal
Published: May 2024

Rent measurement determines 32 percent of the CPI. Accurate rent measurement is therefore essential for accurate inflation measurement, but the CPI rent index often differs from alternative rent inflation measures. Using repeat-rent inflation measures created from CPI microdata, we show that this discrepancy is largely explained by differences in rent growth for new tenants relative to all tenants. New-tenant rent inflation provides information about future all-tenant rent inflation, but the use of new-tenant rents is contraindicated in a cost-of-living index such as the CPI. Nevertheless, policy-makers should integrate new-tenant inflation into inflation forecasts and monetary policy decisions. (JEL E31, E37, E52, R31)
Inflation Expectations and Misallocation of Resources: Evidence from Italy
Authors: Ropele Tiziano , Gorodnichenko Yuriy , Coibion Olivier
Published: May 2024

Using Italian data that include both inflation forecasts of firms and external information on their balance sheets, we study the causal effect of changes in the dispersion of beliefs about future inflation on the misallocation of resources. We find that as disagreement increases, so does misallocation. In times of low inflation, the aggregate TFP loss of the dispersed expectation-induced misallocation is moderate, but we argue that it likely becomes quite significant in times of high inflation. (JEL D22, D83, D84, E31, E37)
Αναπαραστάσεις της ετεροτοπίας, της ουτοπίας και της δυστοπίας σε χορογραφικές προσεγγίσεις από τη δεκαετία του "80 μέχρι και σήμερα
Authors: Σκαρμούτσος Βασίλειος
Published: May 2024

Τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες ο χορός έχει εγκαθιδρύσει μία ιδιαίτερη και σύνθετη σύνδεση με την κοινωνία, που έχει εξελιχθεί σε μία σχέση δράσης-αντίδρασης. Στο πλαίσιο της μεταμοντέρνας κατάστασης στον πολιτισμό και τις τέχνες, ο χορός έχει αποκτήσει πιο εμφατικά έναν κοινωνικό και πολιτικό χαρακτήρα, καθώς οι παραστάσεις χορού λειτουργούν συχνά ως ένα σχόλιο στο εκάστοτε κοινωνικό, πολιτικό και πολιτισμικό συγκείμενο. Ειδικότερα οι έννοιες της ετεροτοπίας, της ουτοπίας και της δυστοπίας συνδέονται άμεσα με την κοινωνία, αφού μπορεί να θεωρηθεί ότι αποτελούν μια διαφορετική, αλληγορικού χαρακτήρα ανταπόκριση στα κοινωνικά ζητήματα. Η παρούσα διατριβή μελετά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι έννοιες της «ετεροτοπίας», της «ουτοπίας» και της «δυστοπίας» μπορούν να αποτελέσουν τον κεντρικό άξονα της αναπαράστασης σε σύγχρονες παραστάσεις χορού, και ο τρόπος με τον οποίο, μέσω της αναπαράστασης των παραπάνω «τόπων», οι παραστάσεις χορού μπορούν να ασκήσουν κριτική στην κοινωνία. Ιδιαίτερη σημασία στην έρευνα δίνεται σε δύο στοιχεία που κατέχουν καταλυτική σημασία για τον χορό και για τις έννοιες της ετεροτοπίας, της ουτοπίας και της δυστοπίας: τον τόπο και το σώμα και τα οποία απασχόλησαν ιδιαίτερα τις επιστημονικές αναζητήσεις των τελευταίων δεκαετιών. Οι δημιουργοί που επιλέχθηκαν για τη διατριβή ήταν οι Les gens d’Uterpan, DV8, Jan Fabre, Pina Baush, Τζένη Αργυρίου, Μέντη Μέγα και η ομάδα χορού Κι όμως κινείται. Το έργο των καλλιτεχνών καλύπτει το χρονικό διάστημα από τη δεκαετία του 1980 μέχρι και σήμερα και συνιστά διαφορετικές αναγνώσεις των μεταμοντέρνων αναζητήσεων.
Μια μέθοδος συστηματικού σχεδιασμού της μεταβλητότητας για την πολυκατοικία
Authors: Τσουκαλάς Ιωάννης
Published: May 2024

Για να αλλάξει η ελληνική πόλη αρκεί να αλλάξει η πολυκατοικία. Προτείνεται μια μέθοδος σχεδιασμού μεταβλητής πολυκατοικίας που βασίζεται στο μοντέλο ανάλυση-σύνθεση. Το αποτέλεσμα αυτής της διαδικασίας είναι μια σειρά διαγραμμάτων που συσχετίζουν παραμέτρους σχεδιασμού με τύπους μεταβλητότητας. Η αυτοματοποίηση του σχεδιασμού ευέλικτης κάτοψης πολυκατοικίας αποτελεί τον απώτερο στόχο. Παρουσιάζεται ως πιλοτική πρόταση ο σχεδιασμός ορόφου μιας πολυκατοικίας μεγέθους 14Χ10 μ. σε οικοδομικό τετράγωνο με συνεχές σύστημα δόμησης, αντλώντας ένα συνδυασμό παραμέτρων από τα παραπάνω διαγράμματα.
Türk Toplumunda Farklı Nesillerde Ahlak ve İş Ahlakı Algısı
Authors: Ok Şehitoğlu Betül , Kurt Enes
Published: May 2024

Nesillerin her dönem algılarının, tutum ve davranışlarının değişime uğradığı bilinmektedir. Farklı nesillerde ahlak ve iş ahlakı algısı, toplumsal hayat içerisinde değişim ve dönüşüme müsait bir alan olarak görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada farklı nesillerde ahlak ve iş ahlakının nasıl oluştuğu, değişip, dönüştüğü ve bireyler tarafından nasıl algılandığı ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup, desen olarak durum çalışması seçilmiştir. Farklı nesilleri temsilen amaçlı örneklemde maksimum çeşitlilik ve kartopu yöntemi, ölçüt örneklem ile beraber seçilmiştir. Veriler, 3 farklı nesilden 6’şar kişi olmak üzere toplam 18 kişi ile yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği aracılığıyla görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler keşfedici analiz yöntemiyle tematik kodlama sonrası kategori, alt kategori ve temalar oluşturularak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı, üç farklı neslin, ahlak ve iş ahlakını nasıl yorumladıklarını anlamak, aralarındaki temel farklılıklar/benzerlikler ile yaşanan değişim, dönüşümü açıklamak ve nedenlerini yerel bağlamda incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmamız ahlak açısından ikinci ve üçüncü nesil birey ve toplum arasında konumlandırdığını, iş ahlakı açısından ise, üçüncü neslin kendinden önceki nesille farklılaşarak güç ilişkileri ve örgütsel normlarla tanımladığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Efecto de la enseñanza virtual sobre el rendimiento académico universitario: Un análisis de regresiones de Difference in Difference (Effect of virtual teaching on university academic performance: A Difference in Difference regression analysis)
Authors: Romero Cruz Ignacio
Published: May 2024

La evolución constante de la tecnología ha modificado la economía de las familias, empresas y países, como también de la educación, en relación con los modos tradicionales de enseñanza-aprendizaje a uno mediados al uso de la tecnología. En tal sentido el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo, estimar el impacto o efecto causal de la aplicación de la enseñanza virtual sobre el rendimiento académico universitario en el segundo y tercer semestre en la carrera de Economía de la Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno (Santa Cruz – Bolivia) en el periodo 2019-2020, la metodología utilizada es de un enfoque econométrico de evaluación de impactos, el método aplicado es de Difference in Difference. Los resultados estimados indican que la enseñanza virtual tuvo incidencia de 19.10 % sobre el rendimiento académico universitario, además el efecto sobre la mujer es +0.0035 % superior al hombre, la inclusión de otras variables estado y control, modifica en términos absolutos la variable de interacción de 19.10 % a 18.30 %, el efecto dinámico para el 2020 es 18.33 %. Se concluye, la aplicación de la enseñanza virtual como política educativa en la educación superior tuvo una incidencia positiva y significativa sobre el rendimiento universitario para el periodo de análisis.
Projeto Toy Box: estimulando a atividade física ao brincar em família durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Pereira Raiane Maiara dos Santos , Cruz Rafael dos Santos , Leite Claudia Dias , Ramos Isabela Almeida Viana
Published: May 2024

Apesar da alta incidência do comportamento sedentário na infância, brincadeira popular em família pode estimular o estilo de vida saudável. Objetivou-se analisar o impacto da disponibilização de uma caixa com brinquedos populares no nível de atividade física (NAF) de crianças. 33 crianças de 7 a 11 anos, foram divididas em: grupo controle, sem intervenção, (GC, n = 12, ♂ = 4, ♀ = 8) e grupo experimental (GE, n= 21, ♂ = 6, ♀ = 14), que recebeu uma caixa com brinquedos populares para interagir com a família por 1 mês. O NAF foi mensurado pelo do Questionário do Dia Típico de Atividade Física – DAFA. A ANOVA para medidas repetidas de dois fatores não revelou diferença significativa entre os momentos (p = 0,382), e nem na interação grupos*momentos (p = 0,666). Contudo, notou-se que o GE teve um aumento maior no NAF após a intervenção (Δ = 2,45 ± 10,55) comparado ao GC (Δ = 0,83 ± 9,40). Além de uma frequência maior de crianças do GE se tornando mais ativas (pré: 25%; pós: 40%) comparado ao GC (pré e pós: 67%). Concluiu-se que apesar da intervenção com brinquedos populares não ter resultado em diferença estatisticamente significativa no NAF das crianças analisadas, as diferenças clínicas demonstram que o Projeto Toy Box tem potencialidade para resultados promissores no NAF, sugerindo continuidade do estudo.
Morphological variation in the Cerralvo Island pocket mouse Chaetodipus siccus from the Baja California Peninsula, México
Authors: Álvarez-Castañeda Sergio Ticul
Published: May 2024

Chaetodipus siccus is a microendemic species with a restricted distribution and two geographically isolated populations, one on Cerralvo Island and its counterpart on the Baja California Sur peninsula, each associated with dissimilar environmental conditions.  The hypothesis to test is that each population is adapted to its distinct environment and has its own evolutionary trend that can be used to differentiate them. The analysis of the skull shows that each population has a differential development of the region associated with chewing muscles.  The statistical analyses of the Procrustes (shape) and Mahalanobis (size) distances confirm these differences statistically (P < 0.05).  The set of differences in skull shape associated with the chewing muscles, craniodental measurements, external morphological traits, genetic isolation, and association with a different environment support the hypothesis that each population has its own evolutionary tendency.
Community of medium and large-sized mammals and functional diversity in a tropical rainforest of Southern México under different degrees of human pressure
Authors: Arroyo-Gerala Paulina , Towns Valeria , Medellín Rodrigo A. , de la Maza Javier , de la Torre J. Antonio
Published: May 2024

Functional diversity quantifies the distribution and range of functional traits of species that influence ecosystem processes.  We evaluated the functional diversity of the medium and large-sized mammals in a tropical rainforest in Southern Mexico to determine which landscape characteristics associated with human activities affected the composition of mammal functional diversity and functional group abundances.  We used camera-traps to document the diversity and composition of medium and large-sized mammals at four sites with different levels of protection and management.  We estimated species richness, diversity, and functional diversity for each site, and compared these indices between sites to understand the effects of biodiversity loss in ecosystem dynamics and to detect ecological patterns driven by human perturbation.  The density of human settlements was the main covariate related to low species richness and low abundance of large mammals with specialized diets and low population densities.  Poaching and other human activities in forested areas near human settlements might have caused large herbivore and specialized carnivore populations to decrease, and populations of medium-sized rodent species to increase.  Our results indicated that human perturbation in forested areas had also an impact at the functional level reducing the abundance of some functional groups, and this might have negative consequences for tropical rainforest functions in the long term.  Effective management actions should be implemented in Protected Areas with a high density of human settlements nearby to prevent the decline of mammals’ functional groups and negative consequences for tropical rain forests’ ecological functions.
The Anesthetic Technique for Clavicle Surgery in Remote Areas: Clavicopectoral Plane Block With Landmark Technique
Authors: Zammara Abdurrahman
Published: May 2024

Clavicopectoral plane block (CPB) is a relatively new regional anesthesia technique for clavicle fracture surgery. Methods: The study includes three cases of patients undergoing clavicle fracture surgery who received CPB in remote area. Results: The results show that CPB effectively prevents pain and provides high patient satisfaction. There were no complications during surgery, and pain scores remained low in the post-anesthesia care unit. Conclusions: This serial case reports suggest that CPB can be a safe and effective alternative to regional anesthesia for clavicle surgery, particularly in patients with midshaft clavicle fractures. However, further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm the effectiveness of CPB in clavicle surgery. Overall, CPB shows potential as a valuable technique in clavicle fracture surgery.