bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulator-Based Evaluation of Visual Pilot Assistance for Coaxial Ultralight Helicopters
Authors:   University of Stuttgart, Rothaupt Benjamin , Spülbeck Manuel , Fichter Walter
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a flight simulator study that examines whether a display inside the cockpit can aid helicopter pilots with little to no experience in completing basic maneuvers. The study participants have no prior experience as helicopter pilots. The flight simulation uses a dynamic model of a coaxial ultralight helicopter horizontal motion that includes a stability augmentation system. A virtual reality headset is used to give the participants a realistic sense of perspective. The benchmark task includes decelerating into hover and hovering above a target for a given time. Three cueing configurations are compared. One includes visual cues on the ground that mark the hover target position. The two others add either a heads down display or a heads up display inside the cockpit, which visualize the relative target position and a prediction of the helicopter motion. With the proposed displays available inside the cockpit, participants tend to reach the target faster and more consistently. Hover performance is not improved by an additional display as the pilots mostly rely on visual cues on the ground during hover. In summary, both log data and pilot feedback suggest that the proposed displays are primarily beneficial in flight phases where the helicopter moves.
Corporate Sustainability and Service Innovation; Moderating role of absorptive capacity
Authors: Adu-Yeboah Stephen S. , Jiang Yuanchun , Frempong Michelle F. , Hossin Md Altab , Amoako Richard
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The study’s goal is to examine the effect of corporate sustainability dimensions on service innovation. It further investigates the moderating role of the absorptive capability of the firm.Design/methodology/approach: Using purposive sampling, data are collected from individuals in service firms across diverse industrial sectors in Ghana. A total of 628 questionnaires were dispersed to diverse service enterprises within the period from March 2021 to June 2021. After the data collection, the response rate achieved was 82% translating into over 500 answered questionnaires. A total of 514 answered questionnaires are used for empirical analysis.Findings/results: The outcome of the study indicates environmental sustainability practices, economic sustainability practices and social sustainability practices had an impact on the service innovation process and outcome. In addition, absorptive capabilities of service enterprises are found to positively moderate the link amid the scopes of corporate sustainability practices and service innovation.Practical implications: Managers and firms need to implement their internal innovation capabilities in order to derive significant and positive effects on corporate sustainability practices. The integration of corporate sustainability and service innovation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is imperative.Originality/value: The outcome of the research contributes to the increasing body of literature on the liaison between corporate sustainability and service innovation by offering insights into environmental, social and economic sustainability practices. This shapes the sustainability direction and procedures towards the transmittal of value-added services.
Morphological Study of Small Cardiac Vein, Right Marginal Vein, Posterior Vein of the Left Ventricle, Left Marginal Vein, Oblique Vein of Marshall, and Anterior Cardiac Veins in Human Hearts of Western Region of U.P – Clinical Implication
Authors: Agarwal Jolly , Gopal Krishna , Agrawal Anurag , Naithani Manisha , Tamizhan Sudhahar
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Cardiac venous system is an important system for various cardiac interventional procedures such as cardiac catheterization. Various veins like right marginal vein, small cardiac vein (SCV), posterior vein of the left ventricle, left marginal vein, oblique vein of Marshall drain into coronary sinus. While anterior cardiac veins drain right ventricular wall directly into right atrium.

Materials and Methods:

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on thirty cadaveric hearts during a 2-year period in Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Anatomy Department. The length, diameter of SCV, left marginal vein, posterior vein of the left ventricle, right marginal vein, and oblique vein of Marshall were taken.

Results:

The study reveals the length of SCV as 28.12 ± 22.87 mm. The length of right marginal vein and posterior vein of the left ventricle is having a significant correlation with age. The length of oblique vein of Marshall is lower in males as compared to females. A number of ACVs were significantly related to weight of cadaver in males.

Conclusions:

The present study provides data of cardiac veins for various cardiac interventional procedures.
Prevalence and the Factors Associated with Self-Medication Practice
Authors: Shaw Priya , Mandal Sutapa , Samsuzzaman Md. , Das Sulagna
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Self-medication (SM) is popular globally but leads to the wastage of resources, health hazards, and resistance to pathogens. This study aims to ascertain the frequency and manner, in which SM practices were employed by the urban population of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal.

Materials and Methods:

The study was an observational cross-sectional one conducted in Burdwan Municipality, West Bengal, India, using a sample size of 180 adults (aged at least 18 years), residing in the study area, i.e., urban slum area for at least 6 months and conducted over 2 months. The data have been collected through a semi-structured schedule consisting of questions on the sociodemographic characteristics of the study subjects and their SM practices. The data were thereafter analyzed, wherein descriptive statistics and a Chi-square test were used.

Results:

It was found that SM was prevalent among 48.9% of the study population, with most participants practicing SM for body pain, headache, and fever. Among the different classes of drugs used, analgesics were the most common (31.8%), followed by antipyretics (25.0%) and antacids (20.5%). The correlation between sociodemographic characteristics and the practice of SM showed that individuals below the age of 36 were found to be more likely to engage in SM, along with individuals who had a low monthly income, and no comorbidities. These subjects were practicing SM more than their counterparts and it was statistically significant with the P < 0.05.

Conclusion:

The study emphasizes the importance of awareness and education regarding the proper use of over-the-counter drugs and recommends educating pharmacists and the public about the same. Public health programs should be introduced for the people living in slums to create cautiousness about SM.
Ring-Finger Protein 5 Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Cardiomyocytes by Inhibiting the S100A8/MYD88/NF-κB Axis
Authors: Chen Xuesi , Wu Yingjie , Bao Yingchun
Published: June 2023

Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely intertwined with the progression of heart failure (HF). Ring-finger protein 5 (RNF5) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, whose deletion induces the enhanced S100A8 expression. S100A8 regulates the mitochondrial dysfunction and S100A8/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway promotes an inflammatory response; however, whether RNF5 modulated mitochondrial dysregulation and inflammation through the S100A8/MYD88/NF-κB axis remains unknown. Here, H9c2 cells were stimulated with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to build a HF model in vitro. RNF5 level was assessed in gene expression omnibus database and in OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells with reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The RNF5 level was overexpressed via transfecting RNF5 overexpression plasmids into H9c2 cells. The role and mechanism of RNF5 in OGD/R-elicited H9c2 cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, spectrophotometry, flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurement, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot assays. The RNF5 expression was downregulated both in silico and in OGD/R-stimulated H9c2 cells. OGD/R treatment caused a decrease in the cell viability, the MMP level, and the translational expression of mito-cyt-c and NF-κB-cyto, and an elevation in the concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase myocardial band, the apoptosis rate, the inflammatory factor release, and the relative protein expression of cyto-cyt-c, S100A8, MYD88 and NF-κB-nuc in H9c2 cells. Upregulation of RNF5 reversed these indicators in OGD/R-stimulated H9c2 cells. Altogether, based on these outcomes, we concluded that RNF5 impeded mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation through attenuating the S100A8/MYD88/NF-κB axis in OGD/R-stimulated H9c2 cells.
Management Of Clear Aligner-related Severe Enamel Demineralization With A Modified Resin Infiltration Technique
Authors: Ngoc Vo Truong Nhu , Ha Pham Thanh , Hung Dang Trieu , Anh Nguyen Viet
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Enamel demineralization expressed as white spot lesions (WSLs) has been reported to be associated with both fixed and removable orthodontic appliances.

Case report:

This case report described the management of a patient with clear aligner-related severe enamel demineralization using a modified resin infiltration technique. Microabrasion with Opalustre (Ultradent, Utah, USA) was performed to remove the remineralized enamel surface followed by repeated etching with ICON Etch (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) until the WSLs disappeared after ethanol application. A #12 blade could be used to check whether the superficial layer was demineralized enough for the resin to infiltrate. The ICON-Infiltrant (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was applied to the etched enamel and light-cured. After treatment, all the WSLs showed improvement with the color nearly matching the adjacent sound enamel.

Discussion:

Modified resin infiltration technique combined with microabrasion could be an effective noninvasive method to treat severe enamel demineralization including shallow localized enamel breakdown. However, more clinical studies are required to assess the efficacy and safety of this method.
Relationship between Salivary Levels of Protein Carbonyl and Total Antioxidant Capacity and Prevalence of Dental Caries among Type 1 Diabetic Children
Authors: Obaid Shahad Fahim , Munther Shahbaa , Abbas Marwa Hasan
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

We aimed to assess the possible relationship between dental caries prevalence and oxidative stress markers such as protein carbonyl (PC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) of saliva among type 1 diabetic children.

Methods:

An analytical cross-sectional study was performed among 45 type 1 diabetic children and compared with 45 healthy control children aged 10 to 12 years old. Dental caries was diagnosed and recorded using the decayed, missing, and filling index (DMFS/dmfs). Unstimulated salivary specimens were collected for evaluation of TAOC and PC using an enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). A linear regression model and one-way ANOVA test were employed for data analysis using the R 4.3.0.

Results:

Salivary levels of TAOC and PC, having diabetes, and diabetes status (controlled or uncontrolled) were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) predicators regarding the prevalence of dental caries among type 1diabetic children.

Conclusion:

The diabetic status had a significant effect on salivary levels of TAOC and PC, but no significant effect on the prevalence of dental caries.
Phytochemicals and biological activities of caraway (Carumcarvi L.) essential oil
Authors: El-Rady Mohamed F.A. , Rasmy Nagwa M.H. , Yasin Nessrien M. , Fahmy Hanea A. , Amer Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Background and aim

Caraway is a famous medicinal plant in various pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of this plant’s essential oil (EO).

Materials and methods

Caraway EO was obtained from dried caraway seeds using the hydrodistillation process. The composition of caraway EO was inspected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses. The antioxidant activity of caraway EO was determined by three different in vitro antioxidant assays: 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2’-azino-bis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) scavenging activity and reducing power. The agar well diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial action. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, and the data were expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50).

Results and conclusion

Carvone was the major compound of caraway EO, followed by limonene. Estimation of the antioxidant activity using DPPH• scavenging activity, ABTS•+ scavenging activity, and reducing power assays revealed effective efficacy [IC50=32.46±0.75, 2.44±0.44, and 17.65±0.70 µg/ml, respectively, compared with 11.55±0.53, 1.50±0.29, and 23.19±0.78 µg/ml for standard control (butylated hydroxyanisole), respectively]. Strong anticancer activity was detected against all types of cancer cells, especially the colon cell line (HCT-116) and liver cell line (HepG-2). These results suggest that caraway EO can be used as a preservative food agent in food industries as well as in the field of pharmacy, as it presents promising anticancer properties.
Cancer micro-environment immune modulation by Egyptian cobra (Naja haje) crud venom
Authors: Neweigy Hosni A. , Gouida Mona S. , El Nagger Mohamed S. , Salem Mohamed L.
Published: June 2023

Background

Cancer can control immune system suppression mechanisms by activating regulatory T cells; myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increasing the expression of co-inhibitor proteins. Snake venoms showed anticancer activity by targeting specific molecular pathways.

Objective

Here, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Egyptian cobra (Naja haje) venom different doses compared with cisplatin in healthy and cancer murine models.

Materials and methods

Female Balb/c mice aged 2–3 months, are separated into three general groups (control groups, solid (subcutaneous) tumors, and soft (ehrlich ascites) tumors. Mice were inoculated with ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells about 2×106 and 1.5×106 cells subcutaneously and intraperitoneal for 28 and 10 days, respectively.

Results

MDSCs decreased nonsignificantly in control groups treated with cisplatin, 1/10, 1/30 LD50 also, in ascites tumor group treated with 1/30 LD50 (P=0.055). While it increased non-significantly in healthy control treated with 1/20 LD50, all treated solid tumor groups and in ascites tumor groups treated with cisplatin and 1/20 LD50, on the other hand, Regulatory T cells in control groups decreased significantly in groups treated with cisplatin and 1/30 LD50 on the other hand it increased nonsignificantly in groups treated with 1/20 and 1/10 LD50. In solid tumor groups, T regs increased with no statistical significance in all treated solid tumor groups also, in ascites tumor groups treated with 1/20 LD50 and cisplatin.

Conclusion

Low doses of (Naja haje) crud venom reduce MDSCs and T reg in the microenvironment of tumor while higher doses increase them, further investigation will be needed.
A review on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Alsallameh Sarah M.S. , Alhameedawi Alaa K. , Abbas Hussein M. , Khalid Duaa , Kadhim Suhair A.
Published: June 2023

In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that 80 461 invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections and 11 285 related deaths occurred in 2011. In the United Kingdom, around 190 people passed away from MRSA disease in 2021. Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan, and Greece also have MRSA infections, along with the whole world. MRSA caused less than 2% of bacterial diseases in the United States in 1974, while the percentage rate increased up to 64% in 2004 only 10 years to increase the infection rate to 300%. In the United States, MRSA killed almost 18 000 more people in the United States in 2005 than the HIV. MRSA is classified as either community-acquired or health-related. Both are community-acquired MRSA or health-related MRSA, and both can be transmitted through skin contact. CA-MRSA, like severe pneumonia, septic conditions, and necrotizing fasciitis, can contaminate soft tissue, causing bubbles and skin abscesses. MRSA influences patients in medical clinic settings like nursing homes, medical clinics, and dialysis centers, as a rule, bringing about blood diseases, careful cut contamination, or pneumonia. The MRSA disease is exceptionally dangerous for newborn children, the elderly, and the debilitated.
Combined Laparoscopic Appendectomy and Open Kidney Implantation in a Transplant Recipient: The Need, Timing, and Route of Surgery - A Case Report
Authors: Soundappan Somasundaram , Swaminathan Sambandam , Jayanth Hulagi , Prabhu Kanchi
Published: June 2023

The scientific knowledge behind the need, timing, and route of appendectomy in an asymptomatic appendix with foreign body in a kidney-transplant recipient is lacking. One such case of an asymptomatic appendix with a metal bell pin undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy along with kidney transplant in the same sitting is being reported. This is probably the first and only such case reported so far.
An Extremely Rare Masquerader – A Case of Chronic Allograft Dysfunction
Authors: Khan Mohammed Fahad , Siddini Vishwanath , Mahesha V. , Ballal Sudarshan
Published: June 2023

47 year old lady who was detected to have hypertension at the age of 25 years, with renal dysfunction (Creatinine – 2.5 mg/dl), progressed to End stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis at the age of 31 years. She was on maintenance hemodialysis for the next 18 months and underwent a deceased donor renal transplant in 2009. Her post transplant period was uneventful and her creatinine was 1.2 until September 2021. Her creatinine showed a gradual rise to 1.9 mg/dl with increased requirement of anti hypertensives and increasing proteinuria with protein estimation showing 3950 mg/day. She underwent an allograft biopsy which showed duplication of the glomerular basement membranes and glomerulitis with c4d negative on immunofluorescence. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and Rituximab for the same with not much improvement. However, an ultrasound of the transplant kidney showed bulky and echogenic transplant kidney with mild hydronephrosis and prominent renal sinus fat. MR Urogram showed extensive lymphangiectasia around the transplant kidney and ureter with markedly enlarged and edematous kidney. The collecting system and ureter are encased by the lymphangiectasia. After the treatment of CABMR her creatinine improved to 1.7 mg/dl and proteinuria reduced to 2100 mg/day. However her lymphangiectasia persisted and is being managed conservatively with no intervention planned. There are very few reported cases of Lymphangiectasia post renal transplant.
Deceased-Donor Renal Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Chadha Shiv , Choudhury Debarun , Goel Vivek , Gupta Anurag , Tiwari Vaibhav , Bhargava Vinant , Malik Manish , Gupta Ashwani , Bhalla Anil Kumar , Rana Devinder Singh
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Deceased-donor renal transplants can help cope up with the increasing demand of renal allografts in India. We evaluated the outcomes of deceased-donor renal transplantation at our center.

Methods:

This retrospective study analyzed the donor and recipient characteristics along with graft and patient survival in deceased-donor renal transplant recipients at our center between April 2011 and October 2021.

Results:

The mean age of recipients (n = 21) and deceased donors was 48 ± 9.4 and 39.3 ± 8.7 years, respectively. Male:female ratio among recipients was 1.6:1 while that in donors was 2:1. Chronic glomerulonephritis (71.4%) was the most common native kidney disease. Most patients received antithymocyte globulin (80.9%) as induction and tacrolimus-based triple-drug regimen (80.4%) as maintenance therapy. The median follow-up duration was 32.8 months. Graft dysfunction was reported in 57.1% (n = 12/21) patients; acute tubular necrosis was the most common reason (n = 5). Six patients died, and sepsis was the most common reason for death (n = 3/6; 50%); 66.7% (n = 4/6) deaths occurred within the first 6 months. The mean graft survival time was 106.2 months (95% confidence interval: 95.4–116.6). The cumulative proportion of graft survival was 95.2% (n = 20/21) at 3 and 5 years. The cumulative proportion of patient survival was 80.9% at 3 years and 76.2% at 5 years.

Conclusion:

Patient outcomes over 5 years follow-up were good and suggest that deceased-donor transplants should be encouraged along with living-donor transplants to cover the huge demand–supply mismatch in renal replacement therapy.
ABO-Incompatible and Human Leukocyte Antigen-Incompatible Kidney Transplant in a Highly Sensitized Patient with Hepatitis-B
Authors: Bavikar Suhas , Ganjewar Vaibhav , Oswal Ajay , Bavikar Purva
Published: June 2023

A 40-year-old female of Indian origin underwent spousal donor ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation. She was diagnosed to have end-stage kidney disease, around 1 year before transplant and it was presumed to be chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. The female was detected to have acute hepatitis B, 2 months before transplant. She was a highly-sensitized patient with a prior history of blood transfusion and multiparity. Single-antigen bead assay was positive pretransplant. The removal of anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies and anti-B antibodies in our patient was a multi-step process. Timely initiation of antiviral therapy is crucial to reduce viral load and make the patient fit for transplantation. Despite a multitude of risk factors, our patient underwent successful kidney transplantation with a baseline creatinine of 0.6 mg/dL and excellent graft function.
A Plant Pathogen in a Human Host! A Case Report and a Review of Literature
Authors: Jose Nisha , Alam Rizwan , Balaji V. , Kodiatte Thomas Alex , Eapen Jeethu Joseph , John Elenjickal Elias , Varughese Santosh
Published: June 2023

In this case report, we present a renal transplant recipient who developed an infection due to a plant pathogen – Pantoea agglomerans. This pathogen is a rare organism with no case reports in a renal transplant recipient from India so far. A 50-year-old renal transplant recipient presented with fever for 20 days associated with productive cough and upper back pain. She had received her graft kidney 8 months earlier in a deceased donor program in her local state. In the immediate postoperative period, she had one episode of a mixed rejection, which required a course of antithymocyte globulin and plasmapheresis. On examination, tenderness was noted in her upper back over the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Her computed tomography scan showed a collection over the cervical vertebrae and consolidation in the lung. Blood culture grew P. agglomerans. P. agglomerans is a rare plant pathogen usually occurring after trauma involving organic debris being deposited within the body. Spontaneously occurring infection is seen only in special situations such as immunocompromised states, malignancy, or excessive antacid use. It has been known to cause lung infections, bone and joint infections, and fever with systemic signs. Spontaneously occurring infections like in this patient are very rare with a handful of case reports worldwide. In an immunocompromised host, a multitude of infections can occur. This case report highlights the importance of removing unnecessary medication from our transplant recipients and optimizing immunosuppression while pursuing the underlying microbiologic cause of infection aggressively.
Burnout in Postgraduate Medical Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ghosh Prosenjit , Dutta Nibedita , Hussain Aminur
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Medical profession has been associated with high level of burnout leading to severe psychological problems among the medical students. With the emerging demand of health care facilities during a pandemic, medical students do face high exhaustion which may result in dissatisfaction in life.

Aims and Objectives:

To assess the level of burnout, the level of satisfaction and the level of distress in post graduate medical students in relation to covid 19 work load.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in s tertiary health care centre. A total of 100 post graduate medical students who actively participated in covid 19 duty were recruited for the study. A standardized and structured questionnaire for Oldenburg Inventory scale (OLBI-S), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to briefly assess the burnout level, life satisfaction and psychological distress respectively among the participants. A Self semi-structured proforma for socio-demographic details was given to study subjects to fill up.

Statistical Analysis:

Both qualitative and quantitative measures of data were calculated. Statistical significance was kept at p-value of <0.05 using Fisher’s t-test and Chi-square test wherever applicable. Analysis of data was done by using SPSS version 21.

Results:

Majority (85%) of the participants reported low burnout of which 62.3% (n=53) were male and 37.6% (n=32) were female. The level of exhaustion when compared with gender was found to be statistically significant (p-value=0.037). Most of the participants (n=55) reported to be slightly satisfied with their life of which 67% (n=37) were male and 32.7% (n=18) were female. Most of the participants(n=63) reported to be psychologically well while 34 of them reported mild distress of which 29 were male and 5 of them were female. The level of psychological distress when compared with gender was found to be statistically significant (p-value=0.002). No positive correlation was found between burnout level and level of satisfaction, neither between burnout level and level of psychological distress.

Conclusion:

Our study found an overall low burnout, low psychological distress and low level of dissatisfaction with life in the postgraduate medical students working in covid 19 pandemic.
Role of Indian Legislation in Rehabilitation of Homeless Mentally Ill Females: A Series of Three Cases
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Aggarwal Shivali , Kumar Deepak
Published: June 2023

Rehabilitation services for homeless persons with mental illness (MI), especially females, are rudimentary in India. The Mental Healthcare Act, (MHCA) 2017 of India advocates community-based living for persons with MI where the role of the police is more defined. The aim is to highlight the role of the police helping in the treatment and rehabilitation of homeless females with MI through demonstration of a series of three cases. Three cases have been described in which the patients with MI were found by the police on the street. They were brought to the hospital and engaged in treatment network by the police, who then also facilitated their rehabilitation back in the community. The three cases are an illustration of Section 100 of MHCA 2017, which defines the specific role of the police. The police was guided by the said section to work in collaboration with the treating team for the overall well-being of the patients. Adequate utilization of available resources, along with the legislation can help in the upgradation of the neglected homeless individuals with MI.
Mental Health Concerns and their Management among Individuals Reaching Out to the National Psychosocial Helpline in India during COVID-19
Authors: Ibrahim Ferose Azeez , Sadh Kamaldeep , Ravindran Swati , Barikar Malathesh C. , Nirisha P. Lakshmi , Reddy P. Bhasker , George Sobin , Christopher Allen Daniel , Damodharan Dinakaran , Manikappa Sanjeev Kumar , Roopesh Bangalore N. , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Sekar Kasi
Published: June 2023

Background:

COVID-19 has affected the whole world. Apart from the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on physical health, there has been a significant impact on the mental health of the individuals. To address these mental health concerns, our institute had started a 24/7 national telephonic helpline to enable distressed individuals to reach out and seek help or assistance.

Aims:

In this article, the authors described the details of 126 tier-2 call backs and the types of psychiatric disorders that were catered to, between March 29, 2020 and May 31, 2020.

Methodology:

Descriptive analysis was done.

Results:

The concerns were characterized into five groups: exacerbation of preexisting mental and physical illness (30.9%); known case of mental or physical illness (19%); COVID related mental health concerns (22.2%); administrative or logistic issues (7.1%); new-onset mental health-related concerns or illnesses (15.9%). Majority of the calls (44.4%) were addressed by the second-tier mental health professionals (MHPs) (psychiatrists). Thirty-one percent were referred to the local medical or psychiatric services; 9.5% to the 3rd tier MHPs; 9% were connected to the treating psychiatrist or neurologist in the hospital; and 1.6% were referred to emergency services in the hospital.

Conclusions:

Using teleservices to address such a huge mental health crisis can be a way ahead to tackle this parallel menace brought about by COVID-19. However, the effectiveness of these helplines needs to be assessed and monitored at frequent intervals.
Concomitant Crown Dilaceration and Concrescence in Maxillary Incisors following Trauma to their Primary Predecessors: A Case Report
Authors: Shekhar Madiraju G. , Almugla Yousef M. , Mohan Rohini , AlNasser Basil M.
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition are commonly seen due to traumatic injuries to the primary teeth, especially intrusive and avulsion injuries of the overlaying primary incisors. These disturbances may range from enamel discoloration or hypoplasia, crown/root dilaceration, odontoma-like malformation and eruption disturbances. Concrescence is extremely rare in anterior teeth. This case report describes a rare case that showed a concrescence of the unerupted maxillary right lateral incisor and maxillary central incisor with crown dilaceration. Awareness regarding early diagnosis and the consequences of untreated trauma to primary teeth should be emphasized.
Persistent pain following total knee arthroplasty: The role of underlying diseases
Authors: Teimouri Mehdi , Motififard Mehdi , Lalehzar Sahar Sadat , Shahsavan Mohammad , Khayam Tala , Taravati Amir Mohammad , Sadeghian Amirhossein
Published: June 2023

Background:

With increasing age and joint-destructive diseases, the need for novel surgeries such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has increased. Complications such as pain exacerbation and persistent pain after surgery may occur which increases rehabilitation programs. Factors such as body mass index (BMI), psychiatric disorders, spine diseases, and comorbidities diseases can affect outcomes. Our study was conducted to evaluate the effect of BMI, psychiatric disorders, spine diseases, and underlying diseases on persistent and annoying pain after TKA.

Materials and Methods:

This is a case–control study that was conducted on patients who underwent TKA in Kashani Hospital in Isfahan City in 2020–2022. Demographic data of patients including age and BMI, diabetes mellitus (DM), history of psychiatric disorders, spine disorders such as spondylolisthesis or disc herniation, and other underlying diseases were obtained. Patients were assigned to case or control groups based on pain complaints after surgery. All patients were evaluated 6 months after the initial surgery. After collecting the study data, they were entered into SPSS software (version 25, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) and analyzed.

Results:

We enrolled 35 patients in the case group and 39 patients in the control group between June 2020 and September 2022, based on the severity of pain measured using a Visual Analog Scale score. Our results show that BMI and DM had a meaningful relationship with pain after surgery (P ≤ 0.01). Other factors did not show a significant difference between groups.

Conclusion:

Underlying diseases, psychiatric diseases, and spine disorders did not significantly affect the pain after TKA. Patients with DM and higher BMI experienced more persistent pain after TKA.
Investigating the effect of dichlorvos and acetamiprid residues in greenhouse cucumber on biochemical parameters and protective role of colostrum
Authors: Salehi Mishani Hamid , Jalalizand Alireza , Modaresi Mehrdad
Published: June 2023

Background:

Across the world, people are exposed to pesticide residues in agricultural products. Various materials are used to deal with effects of these residues. Considering the wide use of dichlorvos and acetamiprid in crops, pesticide residues in cucumber and its effects on the biochemical parameters of mice were calculated, and the protective role of donkey colostrum (DC) to deal with the pesticide effects was investigated.

Materials and Methods:

Dichlorvos (4 ml/l) and acetamiprid (0.5 g/l) residues, after spraying cucumber plants, were 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively. For 60 days, the mentioned doses were used in the drinking water of 4 groups of mice. No substances were added to mice drinking water in the control group while dichlorvos and acetamiprid groups received 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg of pesticide, respectively, and the mixed group received a combination of two pesticides. In order to investigate the protective role of DC, 0.2 ml of colostrum was given to each of the groups in a similar division and timing.

Results:

In the biochemical sector, albumin (control 2.96, dichlorvos 1.86, acetamiprid 2.00, and mix 1.6 g/dl) and total protein levels reduced. Alanine aminotransferase (control 41.8, dichlorvos 56.2, acetamiprid 58.4, and mix 68 iu/l) and aspartate aminotransferase levels increased. In the protective role of colostrum, albumin (control 2.96, dichlorvos 2.74, acetamiprid 2.80, and mix 2.50 g/dl) and alanine aminotransferase changes (control 41.8, dichlorvos 43.4, acetamiprid 46.0, and mix 52.2 iu/l) were recorded (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Adding pesticides to mice drinking water causes liver disorders and DC can be effective in protecting these damages.
C-reactive protein, D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and troponin in intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 in Iran
Authors: Salehi Hassan , Pakzad Bahram , Salehi Marzieh , Abbasi Saeed , Salehi Mohammad Mahdi , Naeini Maryam Kazemi
Published: June 2023

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Iran has led to a lack of intensive care unit (ICU) facilities. This study examines C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and troponin in ICU patients with COVID-19 in comparison to COVID-19 patients admitted to the wards in Iran.

Materials and Methods:

In a case–control study, troponin, CRP, ESR, and D-dimer were compared in the case samples of 109 COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU, and in the control group, 140 COVID-19 patients admitted to the wards.

Results:

The mean of CRP (P < 0.001) and D-dimer (P < 0.001) was higher, whereas troponin (P < 0.001) was lower in patients admitted to the ICU, but no significant difference was observed between the values of ESR (P = 0.292) in the two groups.

Conclusion:

This study showed that the values of CRP and D-dimer were higher in patients admitted to the ICU, but no significant difference was observed between the values of ESR in the two groups.
Evaluation of intratracheal salbutamol effects in addition to surfactant in the clinical course of premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Moazami Goudarzi Razieh , Badiee Zohreh , Sadeghnia Alireza , Barekatain Behzad
Published: June 2023

Background:

In addition to surfactant deficiency, secretion of fluid from blood to the lungs and increase in the fluid content of the lung play significant roles in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of salbutamol (a beta-agonist) on fluid clearance from the lungs in neonates with RDS.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized controlled clinical trial included 82 neonates with RDS admitted to the neonatal intensive care units of Alzahra and Shahid Beheshti Hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Science from 2017 to 2018. Patients were recruited through convenience sampling. They were randomized into two groups, using simple randomization: 42 were only treated with intra-tracheal surfactant (control group) and 40 with intra-tracheal surfactant plus salbutamol (intervention group). The two groups were compared regarding intubation surfactant administration and extubation (INSURE) failure, duration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure, intubation, oxygen therapy, morbidity, and mortality.

Results:

INSURE failure leading to mechanical ventilation occurred in 3 neonates in the control group and 2 in the intervention group (P = 0.680). Mean hospital length of stay did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.230). Comparison of controls with the intervention group regarding complications and the incidence of morbidities revealed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Findings of this study were not in favor of the routine use of salbutamol in neonates with RDS as it did not improve the course of the disease among newborns.
The role of bone turnover markers in screening low bone mineral density and their relationship with fracture risk in the postmenopausal period
Authors: Mobasseri Majid , Tarverdizadeh Nahid , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh
Published: June 2023

Background:

Using bone turnover marker (BTM) monitoring to identify “quick losers” who may develop osteoporosis in the coming years is one of the main challenges in clinical practice. This study was implemented to examine the association of BTMs with bone mineral density (BMD) as well as to determine their relationship with the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in women in the postmenopausal period.

Materials and Methods:

This study was observational cross-sectional research that was done on women between the ages of 50 and 65 who were in the postmenopausal period. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was applied to select 120 eligible women with normal BMD and 120 women without normal BMD. BTMs were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Osteoporosis's Odds Ratio (OR) was estimated using a confounder-adjusted logistic regression model. The area under curve was calculated for the differentiation of low BMD in the postmenopausal period through receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves. To assess the probability of major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture for the future 10 years, FRAX was applied.

Results:

Higher serum osteocalcin (OC) (OR: 1.134, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.086–1.184), osteopontin (OP) (OR: 1.180; 95%CI: 1.105–1.261), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (OR: 1.007; 95%CI: 1.001–1.144) concentrations were potential risk factors for developing low BMD in women after menopause. The area under curve (AUC) (95%CI) for OC, OP, and ALP was 0.75 (0.668–0.8130), 0.75 (0.685–0.812), and 0.602 (0.524–0.670), respectively. ROC analysis indicated that at the cut-off point of 16.28 ng/mL, sensitivity and specificity were 70.3% and 70.9%, respectively, for OC. Furthermore, at the cut-off point of 28.85 ng/mL, the sensitivity of 70.3% and specificity of 66.6% were obtained for OP. The serum OC and OP were significantly related to hip and major osteoporotic fractures (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The higher serum concentration of OC, OP, and ALP had significant associations with lower BMD. These BTMs can be complementary tools and helpful in the postmenopausal period as measures for screening of bone loss and possible bone fracture.
Reference values for ductus venosus Doppler velocity indices between 11 and 13+6 weeks of gestation: A single-center prospective study in Iran
Authors: Hajiahmadi Somayeh , Adariani Alireza Rezaei , Amini Ehsan , Rasti Sina
Published: June 2023

Background:

This study aimed to investigate reference Doppler velocimetry indices (DVIs) of the fetal ductus venosus (DV) during 11–13 + 6 gestational weeks.

Materials and Methods:

In a prospective observation over referrals to a single tertiary care center in a 2-year interval, normal singleton pregnancies with fetal crown-rump lengths (CRLs) of 43–80 mm were examined by a single experienced sonographer for their DV pulsatility index (DVPI), DV resistance index (DVRI), and S-wave maximum velocity/A-wave minimum velocity (S/A ratio). Multinomial and quantile regression functions were used to analyze the effect of gestational age (estimated by CRL) on reference values (5th and 95th percentiles of the distribution in each gestational day/week). P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Over a sample of 415 participants with a mean/median gestational age of 12 + 1 weeks, no significant correlations were found between the CRL and DVIs using multinomial regression functions (linear model best fitted for all [DVPI: B coefficient = 0.001, P = 0.235] [DVRI: B coefficient = 0.001, P = 0.287] [DV S/A: B coefficient = 0.010, P = 283]). Quantile regression analyses of DVIs' reference values were nonsignificant across the CRL range except for the DVRI ([5th regression line: coefficient = −0.004, P = 0.018] [95th regression line: coefficient = −0.001, P = 0.030]).

Conclusion:

Reference values for DVPI, DVRI, and DV S/A ratios were established as 0.80–1.39, 0.62–0.88, and 2.57–6.70, respectively. Future meta-analyses and multicenter studies are required to incorporate DV DVIs into an updated universal version of the practice.
A mini-review of youth soccer match-play simulations
Authors: Nordin Mohammad Nor Aliff Bin , Hamdan Muhamad , Hasan Hosni , Sulaiman Mashidee , Adi Sapto , Raja Azidin Raja Mohammed Firhad
Published: June 2023

The physical demands of football during match play have been observed, investigated and mimicked in a more controlled laboratory setting through a number of studies meant to resemble the activity of an actual soccer match. However, there have been variations in the simulation's design across studies. This mini-review aims to assemble and align various protocols in simulating youth soccer match play in order to identify and assess the viability of combining numerous simulations into various research in the sport. This article is the first narrative review to discuss numerous protocols used in research towards reproducing youth soccer match-play demands in a laboratory-controlled environment.
Content analysis of papers published in Malaysian Journal of Movement, Health and Exercise (MoHE) between 2013 and 2022
Authors: Hashim Roosfa
Published: June 2023

Background:

There are several scientific journals in the field of sports science that have been published in Malaysia. One of these journals that has been published regularly is Malaysian Journal of Movement, Health and Exercise (MoHE).

Aims and Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to analyse the development trends of subjects studied and published in MoHE between 2013 and 2022.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 174 articles published in 18 issues of MoHE between 2013 and 2022 were analysed. This study was conducted quantitatively by tracking the highest percentage of various subfields that have been published in MoHE. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the keywords listed at the end of each abstract for articles that have been published in MoHE.

Results:

This study found that MoHE has become a popular platform for researchers in the field of sports science to publish their research findings. Several subjects and important subtopics in the field of sports science have been identified as the focus of papers published in the MoHE.

Conclusion:

This study has proven that MoHE has been accepted as a platform for scientific debate and discussion in the field of sports science.
Lactose Intolerance
Authors: Alam Rubaiyat , Rukunuzzaman Md , Nahid Khan Lamia , Begum Fahmida
Published: June 2023

Intolerance to lactose-containing foods is not so uncommon. Clinical symptoms of lactose intolerance in children include abdominal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea after ingesting milk or milk-containing products. These symptoms have been attributed to lactose malabsorption, which results from low levels of small intestinal lactase. Reduced lactase level may be due to mucosal injury or, much more commonly, reduced genetic expression of the enzyme lactase-phlorizin hydrolase. However, lactose intolerance cannot be cured. Still, it can be adequately managed by using lactose-reduced milk and milk products and over-the-counter supplements of lactase, lactose-depleted products, and other essential milk nutrients such as calcium. This article will review the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of lactose intolerance in children.
Visual Loss as the Only Clinical Manifestation in a Child with X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Nigar Ishrat Zahan , Fatema Kanij , Islam Kazi Ashraful , Ferdouse Zannatul , Akhter Masuma , Sumon Mahazur Alam
Published: June 2023

Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is the most common peroxisomal disorder associated with mutations in the ABCD1 gene. Seizures, progressive neurologic deficits, hyperactivity, or learning problems are the most common symptoms in children with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD). Visual impairment usually appears later in the course of the disease. We present a 5-year-old boy who came to us with visual loss only. His ophthalmologic evaluation revealed no abnormalities and brain MRI findings suggested X-ALD. This case report aimed to show that visual loss may be the initial presentation in ALD. Therefore, a high level of suspicion should be kept in patients with visual impairment as X-ALD affects the cortical regions connected to vision.