bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Factor Scores of Impressions of Question and Answer Statements
Authors: Yokoyama Yuya , Hochin Teruhisa , Nomiya Hiroki
Published: October 2013

To eliminate mismatches between the intentions of questioners and respondents, we have conducted impression evaluation experiment and nine factors are obtained. Factor scores of the statements used in the experiments are obtained. Those of other statements, however, cannot be obtained. This paper proposes a method of estimating the factor scores of other statements through multiple regression analysis applied to those feature values of statements. Syntactic information of statements, word imageability, closing sentence expressions, word familiarity and notation validity are adopted as feature values of statements. It is shown that overall estimation accuracy is very good for all the factors. This research uses the data of “Yahoo! Chiebukuro” given to National Institute of Informatics by Yahoo Japan Corporation.
Person Identification Using Top-View Image with Depth Information
Authors: Kouno Daichi , Shimada Kazutaka , Endo Tsutomu
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the authors describe a novel image-based person identification task. Traditional face-based person identification methods have a low tolerance for occluded situation, such as overlapping of people in an image. The authors focus on an image from an overhead camera. The authors utilize depth information for the identification task. By using depth information, the authors can capture the precise person’s area and rich information for the identification task as compared with popular RGB cameras. The authors apply four features extracted from images based on depth information to the identification method; (1) estimated body height, (2) estimated body dimensions, (3) estimated body size and (4) depth histogram. In the experiment, the authors evaluated two situations; (a) standing in front of a door and (b) touching a doorknob. The identification accuracy rates are 94.4% and 91.4% on the two situations. The authors obtained the high accuracy by the proposed method.
Information Security Perspective of a Learning Management System
Authors: Hilmi Mohd Faiz , Pawanchik Shahrier , Mustapha Yanti , Ali Hafizi Muhamad
Published: October 2013

The advancement of information technology has changed the education landscape. The process of teaching is no longer the same. Information technology has made e-learning possible and available on a large scale. The main component of an e-learning is a learning management system (LMS). LMS has been widely used and are accessible through the Internet. By connected and accessed to the Internet, LMS are exposed to various threats. Proper understanding of these threats combined with strategy and best practices countermeasures will ensure a safe learning environment. Therefore this study will look into the information security aspect of LMS. There are two main purpose of this study. First, this study provides a review of information security in e-learning environments and explains the important of information security. Confidentiality, integrity and availability are considered to be the primary pillars of information security. In addition to these pillars, the International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium introduced a common body of knowledge (CBK) comprised of ten domains relating to specific information security topics. These domains are the foundation of security practices for those involved in information security. In this article, each of these is explained within an e-learning context. It is recommended that institutions employing e-learning adhere to these domains. By applying the principles and practices associated with each domain, e-learning institutions should be able to provide an e-learning system with high confidentiality, integrity and availability. The second purpose of this study is to understand student perception of an information security perspective of an e-learning management system. To achieve this purpose, a survey was conducted targeted at undergraduate students in a distance learning program. 497 students responded to a survey questionnaires. Apart from demographics information, the survey asked the respondent to rate six statements related to how they perceived security of the learning management system which they are currently using. All six statements are rated using a five point Likert scale anchored at 1 (Not at all) to 5 (Very much). Frequencies analysis was conducted to show the profile of the respondent. Overall, respondent has strong positive perceptions towards security of their LMS. This study provides an overall picture of information security elements of a learning management system. It can serve as an introduction which help LMS administrator to understand the issues and possibilities related to the safety of LMS.
Can E-Training Packages Develop Webquests Designing Skills for Teachers of Gifted Students?
Authors: Abdulhameed Hanan Ahmed
Published: October 2013

The research aimed to study the effectiveness of using an E-training package to develop Webquest designing skills for teachers of gifted students. The main research question was how well gifted students' teachers acquire the Webquest’s designing skills after studying the proposed E-training package? The research follows a quasi- experimental design for one group. The sample consists of 23 teachers of gifted students. The research only focuses on the designing skills for long term webquests. It is administered in a private school located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during the second semester of academic year 2008-2009. The researcher used a pre-post test and a webquest rubric to evaluate the teachers' knowledge and skills. The researcher found that gifted students' teachers acquired very well the knowledge and skills related to the design of webquests after studying the E-training package. However, the skills of describing the process clearly and selecting resources were poorly acquired. This finding indicates that e-training packages can be used to train teachers on developing new instructional methods and tools. The researcher has put several recommendations. E-training packages should be used as complementary method and not as a replacement for face-to-face training. In addition, E-training packages should be supervised when implemented in an organization. In addition, the Arabic Web resources should be enriched with high quality websites.
An Organizational Study into the Concept of “Automation Policy” in a Safety Critical Socio-Technical System
Authors: Amaldi Paola , Smoker Anthony
Published: October 2013

Although automation has been introduced in all areas of public life, what seems to be missing is a reflection at the organizational or societal level about a policy of automation. By this the authors intend appropriate declarations made at the level of rationale, future plans and strategies to achieve intended goals and most importantly how those achievements will impact on various aspects of societal life, from legal responsibilities to moral and socio economic issues. Implicit in this is what is expected of both the human and technical system actors. In some public spheres these issues are becoming quite controversial because automation opens up possibilities of profound structural re-organization; however, people lack a discussion across and within different work domains to help us review methods or even methodological principles needed to gather and organize knowledge towards the construction of automation policies. This paper uses the UK Air Navigation Service Provider in the Air Traffic Management Domain known as NATS, as a case study to illustrate an example of an organization currently undertaking critical self-reflection about automation policy or the lack of such, along with the illustration of some unresolved deep concerns raised by the development, introduction, and continued use of automation.
Feedback Fidelities in Three Different Types of Crisis Management Training Environments
Authors: Druzhinina Olga , Hvannberg Ebba Thora , Halldorsdottir Gyda
Published: October 2013

Designing feedback that trainees receive in a training simulator while practicing non-technical skills in complex cognitive domains is demanding but, though potentially productive, has received inadequate attention. This paper describes research which aims to understand the impact of fidelity on feedback provided during training for crisis management. More specifically, the goal was to learn whether there were differences between learning feedback types in three different environments, a real-life training exercise, a table-top exercise and a design of an experiential training simulator. The basis for the comparison was a framework of essential feedback types that emerged from the literature and three types of fidelities, physical, functional and psychological. The study showed that there were few occurrences of psychological fidelities of feedback. It also showed that high fidelity can be achieved in the absence of feedback forms categorized as psychological, and that loose organization of an exercise may lead to significant variation in learning outcomes in different learning environments. In addition, the research demonstrated how the fidelity analysis of feedback types can be useful for designing feedback for learners in a training simulator.
The Coastline of Canada, Littoral Processes and Shore Morphology - Proceedings of a Conference Held in Halifax, May 1-3, 1978
Authors: McCann S B
Published: October 2013

Starting from a basic model of sediment transport, an expression for on/offshore movement of sediment on a beach is developed. Equilibrium profiles are determined by requiring that the time­averaged transport is zero everywhere on the profile. The results
obtained from this particular model are in much better, general agreement with field observations than is the classical, null-point theory. The formation of longshore bars, due either to the reflection of incoming waves or the existence of low frequency, standing waves, is found to be an explicit
prediction of the model.
The Bennett Lake Cauldron Subsidence Complex, British Columbia and Yukon Territory
Authors: Lambert M B
Published: October 2013

The complex, of Eocene age, is elliptical in plan, 30 by 19 kilometres. It is part of the Sloko volcanic province, which in the study area consists mainly of rhyolite to dacite ash-flow tuffs and breccias with subordinate rhyolite, dacite and andesite lavas. It
was deposited on granitic rocks of the Coast Plutonic Complex. The extrusive rocks are intercalated with epiclastic conglomerates. breccias, wackes and siltstones. The volcanic and sedimentary rocks constitute seven formations and two informal units. The structure consists of two nested cauldrons, a
central dome, concentric and radial fracture systems and a subelliptical rhyolite ring dyke which partly surrounds the entire complex. Eruptive centres lie along ringfracture systems related to both the inner and outer cauldrons. Granitic rocks are shattered and brecciated along cauldron margins, in
narrow linear and arcuate belts adjacent to dykes and faults and around some eruptive centres. The complex underwent two resurgent-cauldron cycles. During both cycles a central block subsided essentially intact whereas the margins settled in a series of arcuate steps. The cauldron block was probably
only slightly arched at the end of the first cycle whereas pronounced resurgent doming followed the second cycle. Each cycle began with early cataclysmic eruptions after which the volume of erupted pyroclastic material decreased sharply. Although avalanching from caldera walls began intermittently
during the early stages of caldera collapse. the bulk of epiclastic caldera fill was deposited after caldron subsidence. The total volume of volcanic and sedimentary material preserved within the complex is about 420 cubic kilometres (lOO cubic miles). It is not known how much material was deposited
outside of the complex. A gradual change of eruptive products from salic to mafic with time, during the each eruptive cycle, is interpreted as the successive tapping of a vertically zoned magma chamber. Potassium-argon dates of volcanic rocks indicate that the complex is 50 m. y. old and that the
two resurgent-cauldron cycles may have taken place within a time span of less than one million years.
Stratigraphic Investigations of the Cretaceous Queen Charlotte Group, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia
Authors: Haggart J W
Published: October 2013

Six lower Albian to lower Turonian megafossil zones have been recognized in the Sandstone and Shale members of the Haïda Formation exposed in Cumshewa Inlet, Queen Charlotte Islands; however, no fossils have been recovered there from the overlying Honna
Formation. In Skidegate Inlet, Mytiloides labiatus (Schlotheim) s.l. has been identified from the Skidegate Formation at its type locality, thus affirming the early Turonian age of these beds and indicating that the Skidegate is, in part, coeval with the Shale member of the Haida Formation. At a
second locality, strata lithologically comparable with the Skidegate Formation have yielded Inoceramus sp. cf. I. multiformis Pergament, suggesting that the youngest Skidegate beds are, Jocally, early Coniacian. The presence of I. sp. cf. I. multiformis in basal beds of the Honna Formation in
Skidegate Inlet indicates that no significant hiatus is represented between this formation and the older, Haida and Skidegate strata in this area. Peroniceras (s.s.) sp., of later Coniacian age, has been collected from the upper part of the basal conglomerate of the Hanna Formation as well. It is
suggested that the occurrence of Douvilleiceras spp. in Skidegate Inlet may form a lower subzone within the late early Albian Brewericeras hulenense (Anderson) Zone. Likewise, the Jack of Mortoniceras spp. in many exposures of the Desmoceras (Pseudouhligella) dawsoni (Whiteaves) Zone in the Queen
Charlotte Islands appears to indicate that Mortoniceras is restricted to the lower part of the range of D. (P.) dawsoni. The presence of Peroniceras (s.s.) sp. in Skidegate Inlet is the first direct evidence of Coniacian strata on the Pacific coast of Canada.
The Ancient western North American Margin: An Alpine Rift Model For the East - Central Canadian Cordillera
Authors: Struik L C
Published: October 2013

East-central British Columbia is divided into Jive terranes. They were imbricated by thrusts, metamorphosed, and translated by strike-slip faulting during the Mesozoic and earliest Tertiary. The three eastern terranes (east to west; Rocky Mountain, Cariboo and
Barkerville) consist of metamorphosed upper Proterozoic to Triassic immature sand, silt, mud, and carbonate deposited in fluvial to marine shelf conditions. Westward, oceanic pillow basalt, ribbon chert and less clastic and ultramafic rocks of the upper Paleozaic Slide Mountain terrane underlie
Triassic and Lower Jurassic subduction-generated basalt and fine grained clastic rocks of Quesnel terrane. The three eastern terranes were not separated by ridge-formed ocean crust but by physical barriers. Between four of the terranes, the barriers are considered to be rift-generated horsts. The
horsts are rem­nants of crus! which was thinned in three places. They formed during Proterozoic rifting and their shape and elevation were altered with subsequent rifting during the earliest Cambrian and the latest Devonian. Changes in the shape and height of the horsts controlled sediment
transport. Remnants of rifted continental crust underlie Slide Mountain and Quesnel terranes. These remnants may have contaminated the volcanics, and controlled the basal detachment of Slide Mountain terrane. Within Quesnel terrane, a crustal remnant supported shallow-water deposition and may have
localized the Triassic east-directed subduction. The margin of western North America is reconstructed from a 276 km long structural cross-section through the central Canadian Cordillera, from the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountain Foothills in Alberta to the Quesnel Arc of the lntermontane Bell near
Horsefly, B. C. The reconstructed Triassic section and the structure section have the same area of crust. The reconstruction is 802 km long; compared to today's geography, ils western end would be in the Pacific Ocean off Vancouver Island. An implication of the reconstruction is that the North
American margin was compressed between two converging sialic blacks. The sedimentary rocks, the sialic crystalline basement and the mantle were detached from each other and thickened indepen­dently during the compression.
Current research part C: Canadian Shield
Authors:   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: October 2013

The 1.9 Ga continental rift sediments and volcanic rocks, transitional-crust and true oceanic crust (Purtuniq ophiolite) are contained in thrust sheets bounded by south-verging thrust faults (D 1) and preserved in the Cape Smith Belt as the result of two
post-thrusting episodes (D2, D3) of thick-skinned crustal folding. The D 1 thin-skinned thrustjold belt is characterized by a basal décollement, localized at the basement­cover interface, which displays a frontal ramp that exposes up to 30 m of footwall autochthonous fluvio­deltaic sandstone
and ironstone. lmbricates of more proximal rift-basin ironstone and sandstone are struc­turally overlain by more outboard (rift basin) semipelite and proximal fan arkosic sandstone deposits which pass upwards into LREE-enriched basalts, gabbro sills and minor rhyolite. More internal thrust sheets
contain transitional-crust basalts (komatiitic to MORB- like) which are imbricated with distal fan sandstones and semipelites. Deep water laminated graphitic pelites are structurally sandwiched between underlying transitional-crust basalts and hangingwall ophiolitic units. Imbricates of the
ophiolite contain either (1) sheeted dykes overlain by pillowed and massive basalt flows intruded by mafic dykes and sills; or (2) mafic and ultramafic cumulates. D 1 out-of-sequence thrusting associated with interleaving of base­ment and caver units, resulted in re-imbrication of the thrust stack
and further southward transport.
Conventional Oil Resources of western Canada [Light and Medium]
Authors:   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: October 2013

An examination of 78 established petroleum exploration plays and 49 conceptual plays of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin formed the basis for new estimates of the remaining conventional light and medium oil potential (Part l). lt is estimated that the
established plays, in which about 2360 x 706 m3 of recoverable oil have already been discovered, have an additional 509 x 706 m3 (median value) of recoverable oil stil1 ta be discovered. An additional 61 x 706 m3 (median value) are estimated ta occur in conceptual plays that have not yet been
successfully tested. The remaining potential is predicted ta be dispersed in more than 4000 separate accumulations, most of which would be small relative to existing discoveries. These estimates were prepared without any economic constraints; Part II of this report attempts to identify the
proportion of the potential that might be economically exploitable. Estimates are presented of the long-term relationship between oil prices and western Canadian light-medium oil potential. The economic analysis deals only with long-term profitability, hence short-term economic conditions are not
addressed. The marginal full-cycle case estimates profitability at the time an exploratory drilling decision is made. The half-cycle case does not consider any discovery costs. The study shows that 70% of the undiscovered light and medium oil resources may be profitable over the long-term at
prices ranging from $CAN 94 ta 142!m3 ($CAN 15 ta 22.50/bbl). The relationship of price and economic potential is relatively inelastic in this price range.
Geological Survey of Canada, radiocarbon dates XXVIII
Authors: McNeely R
Published: October 2013

This list presents 450 radiocarbon age determinations made by the Radiocarbon dating Laboratory. Ali samples dated more than five years ago have now been reported in date lists. The total number (445) of samples from various areas are as follows: Newfoundland
(29); Nova Scotia (9); Prince Edward Island (17); New Brunswick (19); Québec (30); Ontario (92), including 45 from the Great Lakes region (New York-6; Ohio-6; Michigan-6); Saskatchewan (4); Alberta (13); British Columbia (28); Yukon Territory (41 ); Northwest Territories, mainland (58);
Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (98); U.S.A. - New York (2): Michigan (3): Alaska (1 ). Archeological samples (10) have not been presented separately, but are noted in the Index. Tables 1 and 2 summarize the details of background and standard counts for the 2 L and 5 L counters during the
period from November 17, 1986 to December 6, 1988. ln addition to the samples dated, Table 3 lists the samples (60) on which the dating was not completed (i.e. abandoned) for a variety of reasons, such as insufficient gas produced, etc. Table 4 lists the samples (4) which gave anomalous ages and
were deemed not worth publishing. These samples are included here for completeness.
Current Research, Part B, Interior Plains and Arctic Canada
Authors:   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: October 2013

Terrestrial and marine Quaternary deposits suggest a significant expansion of local glaciers in the Expedition Fiord area during the (Late ?) Wisconsinan. Ice marginal landforms record a glacier advance at least 10 km beyond the fiord head. The limited sediment
accumulation in the inner fiord (<20 m) places some constraints on the timing of this advance, with the most probable scenario suggesting that deglacia­tion occurred during the Late Wisconsinan/early Holocene. Alt fossil marine fauna discovered in raised marine deposits are extant within
the fiord, and unique contemporary faunal assemblages may provide important analogues for the paleoecological interpretation of the ancient deposits.
Current research, part D, eastern Canada and national and general programs
Authors:   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: October 2013

The Deer Cove gold deposit is typical of a breccia-vein system. The mineralization is hosted by breccia-veins associated with the Deer Cove Sole "Thrust", one of the second order reverse faults that are common on the Baie Verte Peninsula. The along strike
variation of orientation and movement of the Deer Cove Sole "Thrust" (DCST) from an east-west high-angle reverse fault to northwest and northeast oblique ramp with strike slip movement indicate variation in the strain rate along the length of the thrust. This strain rate variation resulted in
extension subparallel to the strike of the thrust and al lowed formation of the breccia-veins almost perpendicular to the orientation of the east-west segment of the thrust. The mineralized veins are genetically related to the Deer Cove Sole "Thrust", they were formed after the initiation of the
reverse movement but before this progressive faulting event ended.
Reconsidering parts of Comfort Cove and Gander River map areas, Dunnage Zone of Newfoundland
Authors: Currie K L
Published: October 2013

The map area consists of five regions: (i) east of Dog Bay Line, underlain by Ordovician Hamilton Sound Group and disconformably overlying Silurian Indian Islands Group, (ii) Dog Bay Line-Reach Fault region, characterised by Duder complex of intensely cleaved
sedimentary rocks containing large blocks of mafic igneous rocks, (iii) northeast Bay of Exploits underlain by Dunnage Melange, (iv) Indian Arm-Loon Bay region underlain by Loon Bay batholith, and (v) Campbellton-Long Pond region underlain by mid-Ordovician to Silurian turbidites and volcanic rocks.
Silurian and Devonian rocks (Ten Mile sandstone, Loon Bay batholith) link the regions. Loon Bay batholith comprises two plutons originating from different sources than felsic igneous rocks of Dunnage Melange, and marks a structural boundary against which the melange is truncated and strata of the
Campbellton-Long Pond region are warped. Mid-Ordovician obduction and rifting, followed by Silurian subduction could explain the observations.
Detrital and organic facies of Upper Carboniferous strata at Mabou Mines, western Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
Authors: Gibling M R , Marchioni D L , Kalkreuth W D
Published: October 2013

The Late Carboniferous section at Mabou Mines contains thick (>125m) fine grained intervals that include coals and canneloid shales and were deposited in mires, lakes, and on poorly drained floodplains. Coal analysis indicates that the precursor peat
accumulated under conditions of high groundwater level consistent with an upper delta plain to alluvial plain setting. Thick (about 50-100 m) sandstone intervals with strongly erosional bases and multiple storeys alternate with the coal-bearing intervals and are interpreted as braided-fluvial
deposits. Such a succession of thick coal-bearing and braided-fluvial intervals reflects recurrent, radical changes in depositional conditions, possibly related to activity on the adjacent Hollow Fault Zone.
Ainslie Detachment in the Carboniferous River Denys basin of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, with regional implications for Pb-Zn mineralization
Authors: Lynch G , Brisson H
Published: October 2013

The Visean Windsor and Namurian Mabou groups in the River Denys basin of southwest Cape Breton Island are allochthonous above the Ainslie Detachment and Macumber Formation. A ramp and flat geometry is documented; the upper flat occurs beneath the Namurian Mabou
Group which has been transported down-section towards the southwest onto the basal detachment at the top of the Macumber Formation. A roll over anticline of Mabou Group and upper Windsor Group lithologies is found to the west. Movement on the detachment has stripped away thick evaporitic units of
the Lower Windsor Group, effectively breaching a regional aquiclude and placing overlying carbonates onto the principal basin aquifer, creating a favourable environment for Pb-Zn mineralization. Thickness variations within coarse clastic rocks and pinch-out of the underlying Horton Group may also
have focused basin fluids.
Stratigraphic omission across the Ainslie Detachment in east-central Nova Scotia
Authors: Giles P S , Lynch G
Published: October 2013

In parts of central and eastern Nova Scotia, the mapped distribution of the Viséan-Namurian Mabou Group suggests that it lies disconformably or unconformably on the Middle Viséan Macumber Formation (basal Windsor Group). Up to 1500 m of Windsor strata
would be locally truncated by this unconformity, which is nowhere exposed at surface. Alternatively, we have previously proposed that major stratigraphic omission of this type, in concert with widespread indications of significant strain in the upper parts of the Macumber Formation, provides strong
evidence for a regional detachment surface at or near the top of the Macumber. Near the Strait of Canso, calcareous mylonites occur in a 12 m thick interval between gently dipping Mabou shales and Macumber limestone. This bedding-parallel tectonite indicates that these rock units have been
structurally superimposed with coincident stratigraphic omission, providing strong support for our detachment model.
Earliest Carboniferous plutonism, western Cobequid Highlands, Nova Scotia
Authors: Pe-Piper G , Koukouvelas I
Published: October 2013

Earliest Carboniferous plutons of the western Cobequid Highlands (Cape Chignecto-Apple River, Hanna Farm, West Moose River, and North River) consist primarily of granite, with minor diorite phases, particularly in the Cape Chignecto pluton. Diorite is spatially
associated with two major fault systems, the Cobequid and Kirkhill faults. Mylonitic zones and asymmetric folds provide evidence of almost synchronous towards the north and towards the south ductile motion in the plutons, interpreted to be related to the process of
emplacement.
A progress report on the geology of the Stellarton Gap, Nova Scotia, including the Stellarton Coal Basin
Authors: Chandler F W , Gall Q , Gillis K , Naylor R , Waldron J
Published: October 2013

The following stratigraphic revisions are suggested: the Falls and Claremont formations should be included in one formation; the Boss Point Formation is less, and the Middle River Formation more, widespread than previously thought; the Middle River should be
combined with the New Glasgow Formation as one formation. Calcrete, possible vertisols, and abundant plant remains indicate a tropical seasonal climate during the Westphalian. Major redox boundaries at the base of the Malagash, the top of the Boss Point, and particularly the base of the Boss Point
formation are likely sites for base metal mineralization. Folds in Carboniferous rocks are probably related to dextral wrench faulting. The 2600 m coal- and oil shale-bearing Westphalian Stellarton Formation, of the 120 km2 Stellarton Basin comprises lacustrine delta sequences including delta plain,
distributary channel, mouth bar, distal bar, and prodelta deposits. Coal and oil shale precursors accumulated when sediment supply became restricted.
Petrology and geochemistry of altered volcanic and sedimentary rocks associated with the FAB stringer sulphide zone, Bathurst, New Brunswick
Authors: Lentz D R , Goodfellow W D
Published: October 2013

The FAB zone is a laterally extensive zone of transposed stringer vein and disseminated sulphide mineralization that crosscuts the Nepisiguit Falls Formation and the underlying Patrick Brook Formation. These siliceous chlorite-sulphide veins are pyrrhotite-rich
with lesser amounts of pyrite, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite with grades of 0.2 to 0.5% Cu and 0.2 to 1.0% Zn. Five core intervals from two drill holes (229-1 and 229-2) were analyzed for chemostratigraphic and alteration studies. The Patrick Brook, Nepisiguit Falls and Flat Landing Brook
formations are distinguished on the basis of their TiO2, Zr, Y, Yb, Sc, Cr, and V contents. Sulphide veins occur with two alteration types in the Nepisiguit Falls and Patrick Brook formations: i) albite-Mg chlorite alteration with elevated Na, Ca, Mg, and CO2 contents relative to least-altered
parent rocks; and ii) vent-proximal Fe chlorite-quartz alteration with high Fe, S, Co, Cu, and Zn contents relative to least-altered parent rock. The latter type is texturally and mineralogically similar to stringer sulphide mineralization underlying the Brunswick No. 12
deposit.
Maquereau Group lavas, southern Gaspésie, Quebec Appalachians
Authors: Bédard J H , Wilson C
Published: October 2013

Most Maquereau Group lavas are tholeiitic basalts to ferro-andesites that exhibit an Fe-Ti-enrichment trend. Subordinate alkaline basalts are generally enriched in TiO2, P2O5, Nb and light rare-earth elements. Most major and trace element paleotectonic
discriminants do not favour an arc-related environment. An intra-continental rift, or an incipient spreading ridge environment are most consistent with the geochemical data and field relationships. Many Maquereau lavas contain pyrite+chalcopyrite and have high Cu-contents; they thus represent a
plausible source rock for the Cu-sulphide veins in the area.
Aeromagnetic survey program of the Geological Survey of Canada, 1993-94
Authors: Dumont R , Stone P E , Kiss F , Anderson K , Teskey D J , Gibb R A , Palacky G
Published: October 2013

In 1993, high resolution aeromagnetic surveys totalling 147000 line km were flown in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. These surveys were partially funded under Mineral Development Agreement (MDA) programs, by GSC and by industry. Two detailed
airborne electromagnetic-magnetic surveys totalling 20000 line km were flown in the Chibougamau greenstone belt of Quebec and funded under the Special Assistance Program for the Mining Sector of the Chapais-Chibougamau Region (1992-1995). As part of a Canada-wide program, the aeromagnetic profile
data set for Quebec has now been levelled to eliminate the effect of survey datum changes and survey boundaries and work has commenced on levelling profile data for the Northwest Territories. The third phase of a three year program to collect aeromagnetic data north and west of Axel Heiberg Island
as part of the Polar Margin Aeromagnetic Program, was completed in 1993 by the Institute for Aerospace Research. Data are being processed for release in early 1994.
Shale petrophysics and basin charge modelling
Authors: Katsube T J , Williamson M
Published: October 2013

Hydrocarbon charge models developed for Canadian frontier basins involve reconstruction of basin sealing histories as partial control on petroleum migration and distribution. Accurate information on permeability mechanisms in muds during their transformation to
shales are key to understanding seal development. Difficulties exist in obtaining the required information from permeability-stress measurements. Therefore, various petrophysical studies are underway for the resolution. These studies target the Critical Depth of Burial, diagenetic processes, pore
structure evolution and connectivity, effect of subsidence rates and geochemical balance as being concepts of importance. Permeability and porosity decrease with burial depth is rapid as muds approach maximum compaction at the Critical Depth of burial (2.4-3.2 km), but subsequently level off. Shale
pore throats are reduced to nano-pores (3 to 14 nm) at the Critical Depth of burial, resulting in extremely low permeabilities. Rapid subsidence, however, delays this process. Geochemical balance links evolution of geochemical and petrophysical processes.
Stratigraphy and structure of the Clarence River area, Yukon-Alaska north slope: a USGS-GSC co-operative project
Authors: Lane L S , Kelley J S , Wrucke C T
Published: October 2013

Two pre-Carboniferous stratigraphic successions, consisting of a southern slope facies and a northern outer-slope to basin facies, are present in the Clarence River area. Oldhamia-bearing trace fossil assemblages establish that both facies are, in part, Early to
Middle Cambrian in age. Turbiditic sandstone, which overlies and contains Oldhamia-bearing strata in the southern facies, were previously mapped as Neruokpuk schist. If that correlation is correct, the Neruokpuk schist is Cambrian in age. Two new Early Silurian graptolite localities are reported in
strata correlative with the Road River Formation.
The two early Paleozoic facies were juxtaposed during Devonian orogenesis. The northern basin facies was deformed by a combination of isoclinal folding and thrust faulting, whereas the more competent southern facies was deformed by north-directed thrust faulting, which imbricated the
sandstone-dominant succession. Laramide deformation involving Carboniferous and younger rocks generated transverse faults, and broad upright folds which rotated the earlier-formed structures.
Geological setting, geochronology, and thermal modelling of the Portland Canal dyke swarm, Stewart area, northwestern British Columbia
Authors: Green D , Greig C J , Friedman R M
Published: October 2013

The Portland Canal dyke swarm comprises at least four lithologically distinct phases: plagioclase-quartz porphyritic rhyolite; potassium feldspar-plagioclase-quartz porphyritic dacite-rhyolite; hornblende-biotite monzonite; and aphyric basalt. The swarm, situated
along the eastern margin of the Coast Belt, records ~30% extension across its 1-2 km width. Relative ages determined from field relations for the dykes and the cospatial Bitter Creek pluton, are not reflected in coeval U-Pb ages determined for the rhyolite (50.5 ± 0.3 Ma),
dacite-rhyolite (50.4 ± 0.3 Ma), and pluton (50.4 ± 0.3 Ma). The ages concur with many of the region's post-kinematic intrusions. Modelling of conductive heat transfer of multiple, closely-spaced dykes from a 225 m measured section, shows that after 5 years, the host rocks between dykes
attained temperatures of at least 500°C.
Site response modelling of the Fraser River delta, British Columbia: preliminary results from two deep boreholes
Authors: Harris J B , Hunter J A , Luternauer J L , Finn W D L
Published: October 2013

Preliminary one-dimensional dynamic analysis of two sites in the Fraser River delta using site models based on newly acquired geological and geophysical data, suggests that the response of the delta to earthquake loading can be significantly different than
existing site models predict. Because the Quaternary sequence in the delta area is interpreted to be thicker than previously estimated, our models show that there is likely to be considerable long-period response (3.5 to 5.0 s). The presence of significant long-period ground motions has important
implications for the stability of large structures on the delta (i.e. bridges, tall buildings, industrial facilities, pipelines) and, coupled with the complex geology of the delta area, suggests that multi-dimensional effects and surface-wave propagation are likely contributors to the seismic
response of the delta.
Borehole magnetic susceptibility measurements in unconsolidated overburden of the Fraser River delta, British Columbia
Authors: Hunter J A , Burns R A , Good R L , Wang Y , Evans M E
Published: October 2013

Borehole magnetic susceptibility logging has been performed in four boreholes in the Fraser River delta. Good correlation was obtained between laboratory samples and in situ logging. The results suggest that the borehole magnetic susceptibility sonde can be
utilized for lithological studies in overburden in this area. As well, there appears to be a significant difference in magnetic susceptibility between Holocene and Pleistocene materials, which suggests that such measurements may be useful in determining such a geological time boundary within the
unconsolidated sediments of the delta area.
Triangle zone and foothills structures in the Turner Valley map area, Alberta
Authors: Spratt D A , Chantraprasert S , MacKay P A
Published: October 2013

New mapping of triangle zone and foothills structures, combined with well and proprietary seismic reflection data, constrain a new interpretation of the Turner Valley map sheet (82J/9). The Turner Valley Structure is not a fault propagation fold; it is a
complexly faulted antiformal stack within a triangle zone wedge that has been shortened by 50percent. Folding of the upper detachment intensifies northward as displacement across the lower detachment increases. In the southern part of the map sheet, a relatively coherent beam of Paleozoic and
Cretaceous rocks is inserted into the foreland along a detachment in the Bearpaw Formation. Near the Bearpaw Formation's zero edge in the north, detachment is transferred to the Wapiabi Formation and the wedge is complexly deformed into a composite duplex. Detachment occurs along four horizons, such
that Mississippian, Blairmore and Alberta Group rocks comprise three levels of duplexes; higher levels are deformed as the underlying duplexes are emplaced.
Till and stream sediment geochemistry near the Manitouwadge Greenstone Belt, Ontario
Authors: Kettles I M , Garrett R G , Murton J B
Published: October 2013

As part of the Northern Ontario Development Agreement (NODA) and in aid of mineral exploration, Geological Survey of Canada collected and analyzed 46 till samples from the vicinity of the Manitouwadge greenstone belt. Also analyzed were 98 till samples from a
Carleton University study and 44 till and 109 stream sediments samples collected by Mineral Resources Division scientists in 1967. As would be expected, many till and stream sediment samples collected near the Manitouwadge mine sites have high concentrations of copper, zinc, and, in some cases,
lead. Levels of the same elements are also high in stream sediments at three sites northwest of the Geco mine and in some till samples collected over or near the north-northeast-trending fault which extends from the eastern end of Manitouwadge Lake. Away from the mines in the detailed sampling area,
there are few areas with high levels of copper or zinc in till or stream sediments. Elevated levels were detected in till at one site south of Little Mose Lake and at another south of Nama Creek. Some follow-up exploration work may prove worthwhile.
Formation resistivity factor of core samples from the Sudbury Structure, Ontario
Authors: Katsube T J , Scromeda N , Salisbury M
Published: October 2013

Formation resistivity factor (F) and pore surface resistivity (þc) values were determined for 16 drillcore samples representing some of the major lithologies exposed in the Sudbury Structure (SS). The purpose was to provide basic information required to
understand the electrical conductivity mechanisms of the structure.
Results indicate that F values obtained are within the range found in the literature for crystalline rocks (430-25000). Preliminary examination of the relationship between these data for F and þc and previous electrical resistivity (þr) data suggest that several different characteristics exist. Some
display characteristics likely due to the pore surfaces being fresh with little or no alteration, suggesting that pore structure has a dominant effect on þr. Others display characteristics likely due to pore surfaces being highly altered, or completely or partially lined with conductive minerals,
suggesting that pore structure has little effect on þr. Some high þr samples also display such characteristics.
A Paleogene radiolarian event of the South Mara unit, Banquereau Formation, Jeanne d'Arc Basin, offshore Newfoundland, and its implications
Authors: Thomas F C
Published: October 2013

During micropaleontological analysis of 15 wells in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, large numbers of spumellarian radiolarians were found to be present in Paleocene to Lower Eocene sections in most sites. This event coincides with the deposition of the prodeltaic South
Mara unit, a sandy/silty member of the otherwise shaly Banquereau Formation. The restricted range of these taxa within this interval suggests that their preservation may have been a function of the higher sedimentation rate represented by the South Mara unit. At least five different taxa appear in
the interval, based on gross morphology. These are largely similar or identical to coeval types described and illustrated in the literature from the nearby DSDP Site 384 and some North Sea locations.
Stratigraphy of the Central Maritimes Basin, eastern Canada: non-marine sequence stratigraphy
Authors: Rehill T A , Gibling M R , Williamson M A
Published: October 2013

The Maritimes Basin of Atlantic Canada covers an area of 210 000 km2. However, with more than 70% of the basin lying offshore, relatively little is known about its regional stratigraphic history. Offshore studies of the Upper Viséan to Lower Permian
strata have identified the presence of five major depositional cycles of second order duration. The cycles are bounded by regionally identifiable, conformable to unconformable sequence boundaries. Each cycle consists of a basal coarse grained facies with an overlying finer grained facies. The basal
facies are interpreted to be forestepping systems tracts, developed in response to increased sedimentation rates and decreased accommodation space. This caused braidplain fan deltas to prograde basinward. Backstepping systems tracts overlie both the basal unit and a transgressive surface. These
tracts developed in response to decreasing sediment supply and increasing accommodation space. This resulted in a relative rise of base level, allowing finer grained sedimentation on the basin flanks.
Phase equilibrium constraints on the stability of biotite. Part 1: Mg-Al biotite in the system K2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-CO2
Authors: Berman R G , Ya Aranovich L , Genkin M , Mader U K
Published: October 2013

The stability of Mg-biotite has been determined from two sets of reversed phase equilibrium data. First, the equilibrium: phlogopite+quartz=enstatite+sanidine+H2O has been reversed in pure H2O and mixed H2O-CO2 fluid. Second, tight brackets define constant Al
saturation at 1.62 ± 0.06 Al pfu (12 anion formula) in Mg-biotite in equilibrium with sillimanite+sanidine+quartz+H2O over the P-T range 1.1-3.2 kbar and 650-750°C. The experimental data indicate significantly lower Al contents in Mg-biotite and a larger phlogopite stability field than
predicted by Holland and Powell's (1990) data set, but agree reasonably with phlogopite stability based on Berman (1988). Thermodynamic properties refined from the new data for the biotite endmembers, phlogopite and eastonite, when combined with constraints on Fe-endmembers provide for more accurate
construction of petrogenetic grids and thermobarometric calculations involving biotite.
Phase equilibrium constraints on the stability of biotite. Part 2: Fe-Al biotite in the system K2O-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O
Authors: Berman R G , Ya Aranovich L , Rancourt D G
Published: October 2013

The stability of aluminous Fe-biotite has been determined from two sets of reversed phase equilibrium data. First, tight brackets define constant Al saturation at 2.08 ± 0.05 Al pfu (12 anion formula) in Fe-biotite in equilibrium with
sillimanite+sanidine+quartz+H2O over the P-T range 2-3.5 kbar and 600-700°C. Second, breakdown of Al-saturated Fe-biotite via the univariant reaction: biotite+sillimanite+ quartz=almandine+sanidine+H2O has been reversed at ~2.4 kbar between 691 and 709°C. Thermodynamic analysis
indicates that our data conflict with petrogenetic grids proposed by Spear and Cheney (1989) and Powell and Holland (1990), both of which result in expanded almandine stability fields. Quantification of biotite- almandine stability fields represents an important step towards accurate positioning of
equilibria involving biotite in petrogenetic grid as well as thermobarometric calculations.
Solubility of Al2O3 in orthopyroxene equilibrated with almandine in the system FeO-Al2O3-SiO2
Authors: Ya Aranovich L , Berman R G
Published: October 2013

Preliminary reversed phase equilibrium data have been collected which constrain the solubility of Al2O3 in ferrosilite (Fs) in equilibrium with almandine garnet (Alm). The new data indicate significantly lower Al2O3 solubility in orthopyroxene (Opx) in the
Fe-bearing system compared to the Mg-system. Orthopyroxene-garnet thermometry in crustal rocks based on the equilibrium: Fs + Al2O3 = Alm studied here is considerably more robust than previous calibrations based on the equivalent equilibrium in the Mg system. Results for several granulite terrannes
show that Al-Opx temperatures based on the new experimental data generally yield higher temperatures than results based on Fe-Mg exchange thermometry, consistent with suggestions of previous workers. The differences in apparent closure temperatures between these equilibria (40-80°C) do not,
however, appear to be as extreme as those based on previous experimental data.
The petrological variations of the Ordovicianfelsic volcanic rocks of the Tetagouche Group, New Brunswick
Authors: Rogers N
Published: October 2013

The Acadians Range Complex in northern New Brunswick contains extensively deformed felsic volcanic rocks of the Middle Ordovician Tetagouche Group. The felsic volcanic rocks contain a cryptic stratigraphy that has been obscured by deformation and low grade
metamorphism. Using detailed petrology and geochemistry the felsic volcanic rocks have been subdivided into three formations and two intrusive lithodemes.
The Caribou Mine Formation consists of three distinct feldspar phyric members and is readily distinguished from the rest of the complex by its phenocryst population. The approximately contemporary Nepisiguit Falls Formation consists of a series of mostly pyroclastic quartz-feldspar porphyries. The
Flat Landing Brook Formation is dominated by nearly aphyric ignimbrites and rhyolite flows. A region of coarse co-ignimbritic breccias is interpreted to represent a caldera. The two lithodemes are quartz-feldspar porphyries that are identified by their phenocryst populations and their chemical
compositions.