bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood flow assessment of gastric tube with indocyanine green fluorescence angiography and postoperative endoscopy during esophagectomy: Indocyanine green enhancement time indicated congestion
Authors: Sakuma Jun , Hoshino Akihiro , Fujiwara Hisashi , Ogou Taichi , Kawada Kenro , Okuno Keisuke , Tanioka Toshiro , Haruki Shigeo , Tokunaga Masanori , Kinugasa Yusuke
Published: June 2024

Background
During esophagectomy, evaluation of blood supply to the gastric tube is critically important to estimate and avoid anastomotic complications. This retrospective study investigated the relationship between indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography during esophagectomy and postoperative endoscopy findings, especially mucosal color change.
Methods
This study retrospectively collected data from 86 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy and reconstruction using a gastric tube for esophageal cancer at the Tokyo Medical and Dental University between 2017 and 2020. The flow speed of ICG fluorescence in the gastric tube was evaluated during the operation. Additionally, the main root of ICG enhancement and the pattern of ICG distribution in the gastric tube were evaluated. On postoperative day 1 (POD1), the change in the mucosal color to white, thought to reflect ischemia, or black, thought to reflect congestion of the proximal gastric tube, was evaluated. The correlations between these factors, clinical parameters, and surgical outcomes were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses used logistic regression to identify the risk factors affecting mucosal color change.
Results
The multivariate analyses revealed that the only independent significant predictor of mucosal congestion on POD1 was the ICG enhancement time of the right gastric tube tip (odds ratio, 14.49; 95% confidential interval, 2.41–87.24; P = 0.004).
Conclusions
The ICG enhancement time was related to venous malperfusion and congestion rather than arterial malperfusion and ischemia.
Inhibitory Control, Impulsivity and Internet Addiction: Testing the Mediating Role of Oppositional Defiant Disorder Among ADHD Adolescents With and Without Gaming Disorder
Authors: Wang Yanxue , Liu Xiaoli , Wu Yiling , Liang Anli , Zhuang Wenhao , Wei Jia , Wang Beini , Chen Qi , Zhou Dongsheng , Zhang Wenwu
Published: June 2024

Aims
To test whether inhibitory control and impulsivity are significant predictor of Internet addiction in adolescents with ADHD and ADHD + GD and whether the relationship between inhibitory control/impulsivity and Internet addiction is mediated by ODD in both groups.
Methods
154 boys (ADHD, n = 90; ADHD + GD, n = 64) were tested on their inhibitory control, impulsivity, ODD, and Internet addiction. Regression analyses were used to test the predictive role of inhibitory control and impulsivity on Internet addiction. Moreover, mediation analyses were done to test whether ODD mediated the relationship between inhibitory control/impulsivity and Internet addiction.
Results
Both inhibitory control and impulsivity were significant predictors for Internet addiction in adolescents with ADHD + GD. In addition, inhibitory control and impulsivity had both direct and indirect effects via ODD on Internet addiction in adolescents with ADHD + GD. However, inhibitory control rather than impulsivity had indirect effects via ODD on Internet addiction in adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusions
The results of this study demonstrated that inhibitory control and impulsivity contributed to Internet addiction in adolescents with ADHD + GD. Furthermore, inhibitory control and impulsivity in two groups had different results in two models, suggesting different intervention strategies should be adopted for adolescents with ADHD and ADHD + GD.
Factors Influencing the Mechanical Properties and Reaction Kinetics of Wasted Ultrabasic Tuff Used as a Binder
Authors: Zhang Tongwei , Hou Pulin , Cui Kewang , Han Yue , Yu Zihao
Published: June 2024

Ultrabasic tuff powder, a solid waste generated from manufactured sand and aggregate production without calcination treatment, contains less than 45% SiO2 stabilized in aluminosilicate. Due to its high crystallinity, few studies have explored its viability as a raw material for binder preparation. Using an orthogonal experimental design, this study revealed the impacts of three key factors on the mechanical properties of ultrabasic tuff-based binder (UTB): the mass ratio of silica to alumina (S/A), the mass ratio of sodium oxide (Na2O) to binders (N/B), and curing temperature (T). To elucidate the reaction kinetics, an array of analytical techniques, including Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), were employed. The results indicate that an increase in S/A and T enhanced the dissolution degree of precursors, along with improved compressive strengths. Conversely, an increase in N/B led to a minimal reduction in the dissolution degree, with compressive strengths initially rising and then declining. The optimal combination of three factors was S/A = 5, N/B = 0.10, and T = 80°C, resulting in a maximum compressive strength exceeding 80.0 MPa. The ratio of dissolved silicon (Si) to aluminum (Al) was approximately 50:1, signifying a composition profoundly different from traditional alkali-activated binders. Additionally, the proportions of dissolved silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) were determined to be 46.38% and 4.48% of the total, respectively, suggesting that UTB comprised both reactive and unreactive components. The reactive portion, consisting of quartz, calcite, chlorite, and silica fume, forms an amorphous (N, C)-A-S-H gel, connecting with the unreactive part.
Exogenous Lactate Infusion (ELI) in Severe TBI pilot study
Authors: Vespa Paul , Wolahan Stephanie , Buitrago-Blanco Manuel , Real Courtney , Ruiz-Tejeda Jesus , McArthur David L. , Chiang Jeff , Agoston Denes , Glenn Thomas C.
Published: June 2024

Objective
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a life-threatening critical neurological injury in need of novel medical therapies. Metabolic dysfunction occurs after TBI and may be a target for medical therapy. The objective was to explore the safety of a short term an infusion of exogenous sodium lactate (ELI) as a potential medical therapy to enhance brain metabolism.
Methods
This was a non-randomized single arm, single center observational safety study of a three-hour infusion of exogenous sodium lactate (ELI) in 16 patients with coma from severe TBI. Patients were consented and enrolled from a convenience sample of TBI patients GCS 3–8 at time of infusion. Two doses of ELI were explored with 11 subjects receiving low dose ELI and 6 subjects receiving high dose ELI. Intracranial pressure (ICP), heart rate, brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), serum sodium, serum pH and systemic oxygenation were monitored during the infusion. Assessment for acute kidney injury, cardiac arrythmias, and acute lung injury were performed. Assessment of mortality was performed at 30 days.
Results
Both low dose and high dose ELI resulted in elevations of serum lactate concentration (mean 1.6 ± 0.9 mMol vs 5.36 ± 0.71 mMol, respectively). During the high dose ELI, point of care monitoring of blood lactate levels permitted titration in the desired range. ICP was reduced during high dose ELI (p < 0.01) but not in the low dose arm (p < 0.058). PbtO2 was transiently reduced in the high dose ELI arm. Oxidative metabolism increased by 8% as measured by changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD 2) (p < 0.006). There were no serious adverse events and no mortality in either arm.
Conclusions
A three-hour infusion of exogenous sodium lactate appears to be safe and appears to result in short term changes in ICP and brain oxidative metabolism in patients with severe TBI.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02776488. Retrospectively Registered, and planned next stage randomized trial.
Predicting Hydraulic Conductivity using Machine Learning techniques
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Thu-Ha , Vu Duc-Quang
Published: June 2024

The hydraulic conductivity of water-saturated soils (Ks) is a critical parameter influencing water infiltration, runoff, and drainage. However, collecting this value is always costly and time-consuming in large scale measurements. This study employs state-of-the-art machine learning (i.e., the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)) to predict K values in different spatial distribution by utilizing groundwater head values generated from the VSAFT2 groundwater flow model. An ablation study is conducted to assess the contributions of various inputs, including groundwater head values, time step, and well information in the groundwater flow model. The results show a good fit between observation and prediction, and R2 values are above 0.8 for training and testing. The uncertainty of the data is evaluated with different scenarios to find the reasonable parameters. The use of advanced machine learning techniques, demonstrates their efficiency in predicting Ks, would help in efficient spatial-temporal measurement of hydraulic conductivity, indicating valuable insights of using machine learning in the field of groundwater prediction.
Construction of a CT Radiomics Model for Predicting Her2 Expression in Bladder Cancer Based on Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Zhang GuoNeng , Chen Zeyu , Xia Wei , Wang Yang , Ni Zhihang , Xue Boxin , Zhao Wenlu , Liu Xiaolong
Published: June 2024

Objective
This study aimed to develop and evaluate a predictive model for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) expression levels in bladder cancer patients using clinical data and computed tomography (CT) radiomic features across various imaging phases.
Methods
The investigation involved: (1) compiling clinical data from bladder cancer patients; (2) performing HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessments post-surgery using the Hercep Test scoring system; (3) delineating tumor regions on CT images to extract radiomic features; (4) utilizing T-tests and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression to identify the most predictive radiomic features of HER2 status. Decision trees and random forest algorithms were then employed to construct radiomic models. Each model's predictive accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were evaluated through cross-validation, identifying the model with the highest AUC as the optimal radiomic predictor.
Results
The study included 84 bladder cancer patients, with 53 classified as HER2-negative and 31 as HER2-positive via IHC. Radiomic features that correlated with HER2 status were identified, with three, eight, and two features selected from non-contrast, arterial, and venous phase CTs, respectively. Models based solely on arterial phase features exhibited modest predictive capacity (AUC = 0.44), which improved slightly with the inclusion of clinical data (AUC = 0.48). However, a model integrating features from all three CT phases (totaling 13 features) significantly enhanced performance, achieving an AUC of 0.78, which further improved to 0.83 when combined with clinical variables.
Conclusion
CT-based radiomics is a viable method for predicting HER2 expression in bladder cancer. The comprehensive model, incorporating features from non-contrast, arterial, and venous CT phases alongside clinical data, demonstrated superior predictive efficacy.
Three 3d graphics engineering technologies for fallow deer antlers characterization in ecology and management approaches
Authors: Montalvo-Gil Juan Manuel , Azorit-Casas Concepción , García-Molina Diego Francisco , Valderrama-Zafra José Manuel , Rubio-Paramio Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2024

Numerous studies focus on creating 3D-models of biological elements for geometric evaluation using CAD tools. A crucial aspect is to obtain accurate geometrical data that is easy to obtain and cost-effective for analysis. The main objective is to evaluate three methods that characterise the fallow deer antler into a 3D-model of adequate accuracy, which is used as input data in biological analyses estimating hunting quality, asymmetry and volume. Three technologies are evaluated: structured light scanning, multi-image photogrammetry (SfM) and spatial photogrammetric restitution using two photographs in a CAD system. The geometric accuracy of the 3D-models obtained and the deviation between relevant points of the antler structure, in the main beam, in the main tines and palm, are estimated. Subsequently, the suitability of each 3D-model is studied according to the type of biological application for which it is intended. Based on the results, solid and axial 3D-models, the applicability of the three techniques for the study of biological parameters such as hunting quality, asymmetry and volume is discussed. It concludes on the most appropriate procedure to define the digital characterisation of the antler, depending on the type of biological study to be carried out in order to obtain accurate results. Characterising a geometrically complex structure such as the fallow deer antler in a 3D-model quickly and accurately can help to quantify various biomarkers in populations of specimens, making it possible to infer internal and external influencing factors.
Identification and validation of a metabolic-related gene risk model predicting the prognosis of Lung, Colon, and Breast cancers
Authors: Khan Jiyauddin , Bareja Chanchal , Dwivedi Kountay , Mathur Ankit , Kumar Naveen , Saluja Daman
Published: June 2024

Metabolic reprogramming, vital for cancer cells to adapt to the altered microenvironment, remains a topic requiring further investigation for different tumor types. Our study aims to elucidate shared metabolic reprogramming across breast (BRC), colorectal (CRC), and lung (LUC) cancers. Leveraging gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus and various bioinformatics tools like MSigDB, WebGestalt, String, and Cytoscape, we identified key/hub metabolism-related genes (MRGs) and their interactions. The functional characteristics including survival parameters and expression of the key MRGs were analyzed and validated through Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 and qRT-PCR. In addition, we employed machine learning algorithms such as k-nearest neighbours (KNN), support vector regressor (SVR), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) to assess MRGs' effectiveness in predicting overall patient survival. Among 11,384 DEGs analyzed, 540 overlapped across BRC, CRC, and LUC, with 46 MRGs and 20 key/hub MRGs involved in all studied cancer types. Of these, 11 key MRGs were prognostically significant. qRT-PCR validation of key MRGs in specific cancer cell lines confirmed their expression profiles, with some showing cell-type-specific patterns. SVR exhibited remarkable accuracy in predicting overall survival, emphasizing its clinical utility. Our integrated approach combining bioinformatics analyses and experimental validations underscores the potential of MRGs as biomarkers for metabolic therapies, with machine learning models enhancing predictive capabilities for patient outcomes.
Evaluation of menstrual blood loss (MBL) by self-perception and pictorial methods and correlation to uterine myometrial pathology
Authors: Russo Consuelo , Palumbo Mario , Reppuccia Sabrina , Iorio Giuseppe Gabriele , Nocita Elvira , Monaco Giulia , Iacobini Federica , Soreca Giorgia , Exacoustos Caterina
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Evaluating menstrual blood loss (MBL) in primary healthcare is challenging. Our study aimed to assess MBL using two methods: self-perception and pictograms (Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart -PBAC- and Menstrual Pictogram -MP-) in women undergoing transvaginal ultrasound (TVS).
Methods: We enrolled 221 premenopausal women with spontaneous menstruation, no hormonal therapy, and no ongoing pregnancy. They were divided into four age groups (12-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-55 years). Women self-reported normal (NMB) or heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and filled out PBAC and MP. A PBAC score ≥150 and MP score ≥80 ml indicated HMB. TVS was conducted on all patients, recording any pelvic pathologies. We compared self-perception with pictograms across the cohort, age groups, and ultrasound findings.
Results: Of the cohort, 50.2% reported normal periods and 49.8% heavy periods. No significant differences were found between self-perception and pictograms in identifying NMB and HMB across all groups. However, significant differences were observed between PBAC and MP scores for NMB (56.1% vs 41.2%, p=0.001) and HMB (43.9% vs 58.8%, p=0.001), particularly in the 31-40 age group. Significant differences in PBAC and MP scores were noted between age groups 12-20 and 41-55, and 31-40 and 41-55. No significant differences were found between self-perception and pictograms regarding ultrasound findings like adenomyosis, fibroids, endometrial pathology, and uterine congenital malformations.
Conclusion: Self-perception could be a reliable method for describing MBL across all age groups and ultrasound findings. Given the complexity and potential errors in using pictograms, clinicians should consider relying on self-perception for assessing menstrual cycle quantity.
Exploring the Impact of Gamified Learning on Student Motivation in Computer Science Education
Authors: Alabdullah Bayan , Khenissi Mohamed Ali , Almjally Abrar
Published: June 2024

Gamification has emerged as a promising approach to enhance motivation and engagement in educational contexts, including computer science education. While anecdotal evidence and case studies suggest its potential benefits, empirical investigation within higher education settings is necessary to ascertain its effectiveness. Of particular importance is the impact of gamification on intrinsic motivation, which plays a crucial role in fostering enduring interest and satisfaction in learning. This paper addresses this gap by investigating the effects of gamification on learner motivation in higher education. To achieve this objective, a gamified learning intervention was developed and implemented among computer science students in higher education. A total of 127 participants enrolled in the computer science bachelor's program were involved in the study. Through rigorous analysis of student data, the study seeks to provide credible evidence regarding the influence of gamification on learner motivation, with a specific focus on intrinsic motivation. Findings suggest that gamification holds promise in enhancing motivation among students, thereby fostering a positive learning experience in computer science education. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on gamification in education and offers insights into its potential to drive meaningful motivation and engagement among learners in higher education settings.
Ultrasound as a Standalone Tool for the Management of Pediatric Calvarial Dermoid Cysts
Authors: Alsalek Samir , Christian Eisha , Esfahani Darian
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Calvarial dermoid and epidermoid cysts are benign lesions common in pediatric neurosurgery. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with frequent but inconsistent use of imaging. Dermoids have been shown to possess distinct sonographic features, but ultrasound (US) remains underutilized in their management. The purpose of this study is to investigate the independent reliability of US in managing pediatric calvarial dermoids and distinguishing them from other calvarial lesions.
Methods
A retrospective review of consecutive patients ≤ 21 years of age with surgically resected calvarial masses between 2017–2024 was performed. Demographic, clinical, and imaging data were analyzed. Pearson chi-squared tests were used for comparison of categorical variables and a binomial linear model was generated controlling for age, lesion tenderness, growth, and suture location.
Results
Fifty-nine patients with 61 lesions (31 in females; median age 13 months) were included. Dermoids were more common in younger patients (median age 12 months), along suture lines, and were less likely to present with tenderness (p < 0.001) or rapid growth (p = 0.003). Ultrasound was used in 83% of cases and was the sole imaging modality in 33%. On multivariate analysis, suture location was a significant positive predictor of a dermoid diagnosis (OR = 8.08, 95% CI = 1.67–44.18), while rapid growth was a significant negative predictor (OR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.003–0.80).
Conclusion
Ultrasound presents a sensitive and reliable method for the evaluation of most pediatric calvarial lesions, especially dermoid cysts, and warrants being part of standard workup. With appropriate patient selection, US obviates the need for additional imaging in pediatric patients.
Mapping the cellular expression patterns of vascular endothelial growth factor aa and bb genes and their receptors in the adult zebrafish brain during constitutive and regenerative neurogenesis
Authors: Fernezelian Danielle , Pfitsch Sabrina , Rastegar Sepand , Diotel Nicolas
Published: June 2024

The complex interplay between vascular signaling and neurogenesis in the adult brain remains a subject of intense research. By exploiting the unique advantages of the zebrafish model, in particular the persistent activity of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the remarkable ability to repair brain lesions, we investigated the links between NSCs and cerebral blood vessels. In this study, we first examined the gene expression profiles of vascular endothelial growth factors aa and bb (vegfaa and vegfbb), under physiological and regenerative conditions. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization coupled to immunostaining/histology techniques, we demonstrated the wide expression of vegfaa and vegfbb across the brain, and showed their expression in neurons, microglia, endothelial cells and NSCs. At 1 day post-lesion (dpl), both vegfaa and vegfbb appeared to be up-regulated in neurons and microglia. When we looked at their receptors, we also found a high expression throughout the brain. We showed that vegfr are mainly expressed in neurons, microglia and endothelial cells. Interestingly, vegfr transcripts appeared to be expressed at lower levels in NSCs (mainly vegfr1, vegfr2 and vegfr3). However, Vegfr3 and Vegfr4 immunostainings confirmed their significant expression in these neurogenic cells. These data suggest a possible role of Vegf signaling in neurogenesis. After brain lesion (1 dpl), vegfr gene expression did not appear to be modulated but vegfr were expressed in proliferative cells within the injured parenchyma. Taken together, our results provide a first overview of Vegf/Vegfr signaling in the brain and suggest key roles of Vegf in neurogenesis and regenerative processes.
A longitudinal network analysis of the relationship between love addiction, insecure attachment patterns, and interpersonal dependence
Authors: Guan Chongyuan , Wang JunYang , Zhang Luqing , Xu Zhou , Zhang， Yuanyuan , Jiang baona
Published: June 2024

The present study utilized a web-based analytic approach designed to explore the interrelationships between love addiction, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and interpersonal dependence. The study sample consisted of 80 (N = 160) couples in a romantic relationship using a longitudinal study with online self-assessment at the beginning of the study and three months after the study. Results indicated that attachment anxiety was strongly associated with lack of self-confidence, attachment avoidance was associated with autonomy, and love addiction was positively associated with emotional dependence and negatively associated with attachment avoidance. These results reveal a relationship between love addiction, insecure attachment patterns and interpersonal dependency dimensions. The extent of love addiction and insecure attachment patterns can be mitigated by severing ties, thereby improving the mental health of both couples.
Prenatal ultrasonic presentation in fetuses with monogenic neurologic and neuromuscular diseases: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Ning , Li Ke , Sun Hengqing , Li Qianqian , Jiao Zhihui , Guo Yu , Sun Gege , Zhu Xiaofan , Kong Xiangdong
Published: June 2024

Background: The prenatal phenotype of neurological and neuromuscular monogenic diseases remains unclear. This study aimed to identify and explore prenatal ultrasonic presentation in fetuses with monogenic neurologic and neuromuscular diseases and to increase our knowledge on causal variants and novel candidate genes associated with fetal phenotypes.
Methods: This retrospective study included 30 fetuses genetically diagnosed with or suspected of having neurologic and neuromuscular monogenic diseases who underwent prenatal trio-exome sequencing between January 2018 and May 2023. We systematically reviewed data on prenatal ultrasonic presentation, genetic characteristics, and genotype-phenotype relationships in a cohort of 30 fetuses. Some cases in this cohort study have been previously published as separate studies.
Results: The disease spectrum of the 30 families included 27 diseases, including central nervous system diseases, neuromuscular diseases, congenital myopathy, mitochondrial diseases, and neurological genetic syndromes. The ultrasound abnormalities of the fetuses included abnormal fetal gestures and movements(18/30), polyhydramnios (15/30), increased nuchal translucency or nuchal fold (11/30), dysmorphic facial features (8/30), and brain malformations (6/30). Of the 40 variants detected, 35 were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic and 5 were of undetermined significance according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. The inheritance patterns were autosomal dominant (17/30; 57%), autosomal recessive (10/30; 33%), and X-linked recessive (3/30; 10%). Thirteen (13/30; 43%) fetuses achieved a definite genetic diagnosis, including known or novel variants of the recognized disease genes. Sixteen (16/30, 54%) fetuses were highly or probably suspected to be associated with genetic variants, and one fetus was found to have gene variants that did not explain the phenotype.
Conclusions: The main clinical manifestations of prenatal ultrasonic presentation of neurological and neuromuscular monogenic diseases are abnormal fetal gestures, movements, and amniotic fluid volume, which might provide important clues for prenatal diagnosis. Trio-exome sequencing comprehensively detected and delineated various genomic variants that are causative. Our study expands our understanding of the prenatal phenotypic spectrum of monogenic neurological and neuromuscular diseases.
Cross-correlation based approach for counting nodes of undersea communications network considering limited bandwidth
Authors: Rahman Md. Zillur , Giti Jishan E , Chowdhury Shah Ariful Hoque , Anower Md. Shamim
Published: June 2024

The limited bandwidth (BW) of undersea communication presents a significant challenge to the node counting technique based on cross-correlation (CC), which traditionally use Gaussian signals with infinite BW. To address this, a band-limited Gaussian signal is employed for counting nodes, impacting the cross-correlation function (CCF) and the derived estimation parameters. To correlate the estimation parameters for finite and infinite BW scenarios, a scaling factor (SF) is determined for a specific BW by averaging their ratios across different node counts. Efficient estimation in a band-limited condition is feasible if the SF for that BW is known. Previous investigations have been limited to 5 kHz and 10 kHz BW. Given the typical undersea BW range of 1–15 kHz, it is important to establish a relationship between the SF and BW. This relationship, derived and validated through simulation in this study, allows for determining the SF and achieving accurate node count under any band-limited condition within the 1–15 kHz range.
A novel nonsense variant of the KAT6B gene associated with cystic hygroma in fetus
Authors: Wang Guan , Ye YanChou , Zhan LongSheng , Xue Ting , Lin JunWei , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2024

Background
Cystic hygroma is a vascular anomaly associated with lymphatic malformations and is relatively common in prenatal ultrasonography, presenting as thickened nuchal translucency(NT). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of cystic hygroma is complex and not yet completely understood.
Methods
Trio-based whole exome sequencing(WES) was performed on a fetus with thickened NT but without chromosomal aberration, to indentify candidate pathogenic variants of potential Mendelian disorders. And Sanger sequencing was then conducted on the trio to confirm the variant.
Results
In this case, the fetus was diagnosed with cystic hygroma via the first-trimester ultrasonography, leading to termination of the pregnancy based on the pregnant woman's decision. Subsequently, trio-based WES was performed on the tissue of the aborted fetus and the blood samples of the parents. Data analysis indentified a novel nonsense variant, c.3822C > G(p.Tyr1274Ter) of the KAT6B gene (NM_012330.4) that had not been reported previously. And Sanger sequencing of the trio confirmed this variant. Genetic consulting was provided to the woman for the subsequent pregnancies.
Conclusion
KAT6B-related disorders manifest as cardiac diseases, and cardiac anomalies have been associated with disruptions in lymphatic system function, potentially contributing to the occurrence of cystic hygroma. Our findings illustrated the etiology of fetal abnormal development and lay the foundation for eugenics in the subsequent pregnancies. Additionally, findings expand the spectrum of variations in the KAT6B gene, offering further insights into its clinical relevance in prenatal cystic hygroma.
Stress Distribution of Different Anterior Single Implants: A 3D Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Bayazit Elif Ozturk , von Krockow Nadine , Curcio Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Introduction To evaluate the stress distributions of anteriorly placed dental implants in different clinical scenarios including extraction socket or healed bone as well as immediate or late loading. Material and Methods Standard tessellation language (STL) files of original components were used for the in-silico modelling of implant and abutments. The implant was placed into the bone block to imitate three different clinical scenarios including: i. healed bone-delayed loading, ii. healed bone-immediate loading, iii. immediate implant-immediate loading. In all models, both a horizontal force (25.5 N) and a 30-degree oblique force (178 N) were applied to the long axis of the implant to the palatal surface of the restoration. The stress distribution was evaluated. Results The highest stress values in trabecular bone were observed in the clinical scenario where immediate implant was inserted to the extraction socket followed by immediate loading to the healed bone and late loading to the healed bone, respectively. Conclusion The difference in stress distribution is much more evident when the clinical scenario changes, both in values and geometric distributions of stresses, than when the abutment angle changes. Oblique forces create more stress on both the bone and around the implant.
Comparison of structure and immunogenicity of CVB1-VLP and inactivated CVB1 vaccine candidates
Authors: Soppela Saana , Plavec Zlatka , Gröhn Stina , Jartti Minne , Oikarinen Sami , Laajala Mira , Marjomäki Varpu , Butcher Sarah J , Hankaniemi Minna M
Published: June 2024

Coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) is a common cause of acute and chronic myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy and aseptic meningitis. However, no CVB-vaccines are available for human use. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity of virus-like particle (VLP) and inactivated whole-virus vaccines for CVB1 when administrated to mice via either subcutaneous or intranasal routes formulated with and without commercial and experimental adjuvants. Here, the potential of utilizing epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a mucosal adjuvant synergistically with its ability to inactivate the virus were investigated. EGCG had promising adjuvant properties for CVB1-VLP when administered via the parenteral route but limited efficacy via intranasal administration. However, intranasal administration of the formalin-inactivated virus induced high CVB1-specific humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses. Also, based on CVB1-specific IgG-antibody responses, we conclude that CVB1-VLP can be taken up by immune cells when administrated intranasally and further structural engineering for the VLP may increase the mucosal immunogenicity. The preparations contained mixtures of compact and expanded A particles with 85% expanded in the formalin-inactivated virus, but only 52% in the VLP observed by cryogenic electron microscopy. To correlate the structure to immunogenicity, we solved the structures of the CVB1-VLP and the formalin-inactivated CVB1 virus at resolutions ranging from 2.15 Å to 4.1 Å for the expanded and compact VLP and virus particles by image reconstruction. These structures can be used in designing mutations increasing the stability and immunogenicity of CVB1-VLP in the future. Overall, our results highlight the potential of using formalin inactivated CVB1 vaccine in mucosal immunization programs and provide important information for future development of VLP-based vaccines against all enteroviruses.
The Investigation of Impact of Metacentric Height on Imo Standard Maneuvers With the Use of Free Running Models
Authors: Kołodziej Radosław , Reichel Maciej
Published: June 2024

According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) the maneuverability of the ship should be assessed on the basis of the standard trial maneuvers. During design process, free running model tests are considered as a reliable prediction method. Although roll motions of the maneuvering ship play an important role in navigation safety, it is a common practice that the roll-coupling effect on maneuvering is not taken into consideration during initial predictions of ship maneuvering performance. This paper presents study on impact of roll motions on the results of free running maneuvering model tests. The research was conducted using models of different types of ships and steering-propulsion systems. Each tested model was balanced for three metacentric heights so that it could achieve significantly different roll angles during maneuvering. The results are compared and the relevance of metacentric height in maneuvering prediction of ships of different size is discussed. The conclusions highlights new suggestions for class regulations and execution of free running model tests.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Multicenter Descriptive Cohort Study Hodgkin Lymphoma features and outcomes in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alalawi Mai , Alrajhi Abdullah M. , Alshahrani Walaa A , Alotaibi Amal H. , Issa Arwa Alhaj , Abumostafa Areej , Issa Zahra Alhaj , Alshehri Bashayer , Alyousif Ghadah , Alkhudair Nora , Alsuhebany Nada , Alzahrani Mohammed , Alghamdi Abrar , Alrashidi Hessah , Alenazi Batoul A. , Alonazi Shaden H. , Alghamdi Abeer A. , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Asiri Mohammed S. , Alenazi Abeer A. , Alotaibi Moureq , Sulaiman Khalid A. Al
Published: June 2024

Background
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a prominent B-cell neoplasm, that impacts global and Saudi populations. Given limited large-scale studies focusing on HL in Saudi Arabia, this retrospective multicenter cohort study reviewed clinical outcomes and characteristics of Saudi HL patients.
Methods
All adult patients newly diagnosed with HL at three local tertiary care hospitals from January 2016 to December 2021 were included. Patients were excluded if they were diagnosed with nodular lymphocyte-predominant HL, known to have liver cirrhosis, or received unknown chemotherapy regimens. Patient demographics, comorbidities, HL type and stage, treatment, and clinical outcomes were collected.
Results
Out of 765 screened patients, 537 with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) were included. Most patients had nodular sclerosis histopathology (81.7%) and were in stage IV (44.6%). ABVD was the primary chemotherapy treatment for cHL patients (84.9%). The overall response rate was 90.1%, with 83.6% achieved complete remission. During 12-month follow-up, 94.9% of patients were alive. Post-initial chemotherapy, 9.5% of patients experienced bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity, and 23.5% were hospitalized within six months. Almost 18% of patients had relapsed/refractory HL.
Conclusion
This national comprehensive study provides insights into the clinical features and outcomes of Saudi HL patients. The predominance of the nodular sclerosis subtype and high response rates to ABVD chemotherapy align with global trends, emphasizing the effectiveness of standard treatments for HL in Saudi Arabia. Monitoring patients closely remains critical for managing side effects and enhancing patient outcomes.
Pomegranate juice supplementation improves post-exercise hypotension in normal weight adults with elevated blood pressure, a single-blind, randomized parallel trial.
Authors: moradi Sajjad , mohebbi hamid , jorbonian abuzar
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Exercise and diet are recommended as low-cost, non-pharmacological lifestyle therapeutic options to prevent and treat hypertension. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the supplementation of pomegranate juice (POMj) with combined training on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in young healthy, normal weight adults with elevated blood pressure.
Methods
Young healthy, normal weight adults with elevated BP (n = 16; age: 25.43 ± 2.6 years; fat%: 14.2 ± 4.4) were randomly divided into two groups of receiving 330 ml POMj and 330 ml diluted isocaloric drink with starch as placebo (PLA) one hour before each training session over the six weeks. Two weekly sessions of aerobic exercise and two sessions of resistance training were performed for 6 weeks. Aerobic exercise was performed at an intensity of 50–70% of maximum heart rate progressing from 20 to 50 minutes. Eight resistance exercises were performed at an intensity of 40–60% one-repetition maximum (1RM) for 3 sets of 10 repetitions per set with 60–90 seconds rest between sets. By what methods and why was BP measured? Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of participants was measured before and after training. Analysis of variance and Bonferroni was used to test the hypotheses. It was hypothesized that consuming POMj with combined training would improve PEH.
Results
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the Systolic blood pressure of the POMj group and the PLA in the 30, 45 and 60 minutes (P < 0.05). Also, a significant difference in the POMj group is observed in these minutes with the pre-exercise (P < 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure did not change in any of the groups. The results showed that aerobic power increased in the POMj group, as well as a greater improvement than in the PLA group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
According to the findings of the present study, a six-week of combined exercise with POMj improved aerobic power and PEH in young men active compared to the PLA group.
Effects of Edible Coating Treatment on Physicochemical, Sensory, and Microbial Properties to Prolong the Shelf Life of Arenga pinnata Fruit Dodol
Authors: Aulia Hasna Rahma , Daysita Lulu Eki , Pradiva Molina Indah , Puspantari Widya , Prastono Haryo
Published: June 2024

Dodol, a chewy and sticky dessert, is a traditional sweet treat from Indonesia with regional variations across the country. Our study investigated the shelf life enhancement of Arenga pinnata fruit dodol produced by the Argo Sumilir group through various coating treatments. The dodol samples, stored at room temperature for 30 days, underwent treatments with sorbate and ginger. We evaluated the physicochemical, sensory, and microbial properties of these samples. The results indicated that the sorbate treatment notably extended the shelf life compared to other treatments. However, the final product exhibited a moisture content exceeding 20%, which is above the recommended limit for dodol. Sensory evaluation showed that, while panelists generally appreciated the product, some found it excessively sweet. Microstructure analysis revealed a smooth but uneven surface with cavities. Overall, Arenga pinnata fruit has potential for use in dodol, but additional refinement is necessary to enhance its shelf life and texture, and to achieve the standard moisture content requirements.
Event tree analysis for risk-based assessment of digitalised condition-based maintenance in railway
Authors: Söderholm Peter , Akersteen Per-Anders
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this paper is to describe a risk-based scenario analysis, by use of an Event Tree Analysis (ETA) approach, which will support testability considerations and test level integration in the design or dependability improvement phases of technical systems. The proposed scenario analysis includes fault recognition and fault localization efforts and their associated hazards of false alarms, unrecognized faults, and un-localized faults. The combination of these single hazards into the hazard of NFF events and the consequences to safety, dependability, and cost are also discussed. It should be noted that the paper focuses on Built-in-Test (BIT), i.e., the capability of a test system of performing automatic fault recognition and fault localization. The hardware aspects, related to Built-in-Test Equipment (BITE), are not specifically considered. An earlier version of this paper has previously been presented at the IAI2023 Congress.
Lithium Chloride rescues Monensin-potentiated Wnt signaling inhibition in inflammatory bone loss in rats
Authors: Chagas Anderson , Gomes Sthefane , Oliveira Denis , Viana Khalil , Chaves Jennifer , Martins Conceição , Costa Vanessa , Angelino Gisele , Azevedo Sislana , Almeida Diego , Sena João Martins , Gondim Delane , Leitão Renata , Marques Mirna , Goes Paula
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Lithium Chloride (LiCl) on animals submitted to Monensin-potentiated periodontal bone loss. For that Wistar rats were submitted to experimental periodontitis (EP) and received either 0.1ml/200g corn oil (vehicle), daily; or Monensin (Mon), receiving 10 mg/kg of Mon daily; or LiCl, receiving 150mg/kg of LiCl on alternate days; or Mon + LiCl. Naïve (N) group was not submitted to any treatment. After euthanasia, maxillae were collected for macroscopic and histological analyses, and for expression of bone markers and Wnt signaling. Molecular docking assays were used for assessing the affinity between Mon and WNT pathway components. It was seen that EP caused bone loss and inflammation in the periodontium which was potentiated by Mon. LiCl protected bone and rescued the deleterious effects of Mon marked by reduction on bone loss, increase on osteoblasts number (39%), and Runx2 (70%) and OPG (68%) gene expressions, concomitant with reduction of osteoclasts in number (32%) and function (27%). LiCL increased the gene and protein expressions of beta-catenin in animals with EP receiving Mon. In summary LiCl rescued the deleterious effect of Mon on bone in animals with EP and stands as pharmacological tool to counteract the strong inhibition of Wnt pathway. .
Effect of Fe3+ ions on the improvement of mechanical properties of MICP-reinforced calcareous sand
Authors: Wei Renjie , Zhu Jin , Peng Jie , Li Liangliang , Dai Di , Shang Zhiyang , Jiang Zhao
Published: June 2024

Reinforcement of calcareous sands based on microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) method has become a hot research topic in recent years. However, the disadvantage of MICP method is that the desired effect of improvement can only be achieved by multiple treatments of the cementing solution. In order to enhance the efficiency of MICP in reinforcing calcareous sands, an appropriate amount of iron ions was added to the cementing solution, followed by solution tests and sand column tests to assess the reinforcement effect through calcium carbonate generation, UCS and permeability coefficient. The results show that iron ions can change the morphology and size of MICP calcium carbonate in the solution test; in the sand column test, when iron ions were added to the cementing solution, the UCS of the sand column could reach up to 2832.63 kPa after five injections, and the UCS of the conventional MICP test group under the same conditions was only 185.5 kPa, and the permeability coefficient was reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with that of untreated sand. Iron ions did not increase the amount of MICP calcium carbonate in the sand column test, but changed the distribution pattern of calcium carbonate, thus increasing the strength and decreasing the permeability coefficient of the sand.
AEBP1 is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell differentiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Okazaki Fumika , Yorozu Akira , Sekiguchi Shohei , Niinuma Takeshi , Maruyama Reo , Kitajima Hiroshi , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Ishiguro Kazuya , Toyota Mutsumi , Hatanaka Yui , Nishiyama Koyo , Ogi Kazuhiro , Kai Masahiro , Takano Kenichi , Ichimiya Shingo , Miyazaki Akihiro , Suzuki Hiromu
Published: June 2024

The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in cancer development. We recently reported that in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) is abundantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), leading to CAF activation and inhibition of CD8 + T cell infiltration. In the present study, we investigated whether AEBP1 contributes to the destruction and atrophy of muscle tissues in OSCC. By analyzing human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs), we found that AEBP1 is downregulated during muscle cell differentiation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that AEBP1 knockdown significantly upregulates myogenesis-related genes in HSMMs, and qRT-PCR and western blot analyses confirmed the induction of muscle-related genes, including MYOG, in HSMMs after AEBP1 knockdown. Conversely, ectopic expression of AEBP1 strongly suppressed myogenesis-related genes in HSMMs. Notably, indirect co-culture of HSMMs with OSCC cells led to AEBP1 upregulation and robust suppression of muscle-related genes in HSMMs. Treatment with TGF-β1 also upregulated AEBP1 and suppressed expression of muscle-related genes in HSMMs. Our findings suggest that AEBP1 is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell differentiation and that OSCC cells inhibit muscle cell differentiation, at least in part, by inducing AEBP1.