bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DI PASAR MODAL SEBAGAI UPAYA MELINDUNGI INVESTOR
Authors: Lubis Efridani , Susanto Haryogis
Published: June 2020

Kegiatan pada pasar modal mengandung risiko tinggi, sehingga perdagagan Efek yang berupa surat berharga terbatas sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1 angka 5 Undang-Undang Nomor  8  Tahun  1995 Tentang Pasar Modal yang pada dasarnya adalah dokumen akan mengandung risiko tinggi yang perlu diantisipasi untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat. Penerapan prinsip GCG menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi risiko tersebut. Namun demikian, perlu ditelaah penerapan GCG seperti apa yang dapat secara efektif mengurangi risiko tersebut. Pada tataran peraturan perundang-undangan, prinsip GCG terkait praktik pasar modal telah diatur dalam Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1995 tentang Pasar Modal, Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN); disamping beberapa peraturan pemerintah dan Peraturan OJK, sebagai badan otoritas pengawas pasar modal di Indonesia. Pada tataran peraturan perundang-undangan, prinsip GCGyang dikembangkan sudahsangat memadai karena berdasarkan praktik internasional dan tuntutan pasar modal itu sendiri. Namun untuk bisa mengukur pelaksanaan GCG secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif, masih dibutuhkan berbagai instrumen yang bisa dijadikan indikator atau parameter kepatuhan Emiten terhadap GCG di Pasar Modal. Tidak mengherankan jika tingkat kepatuhan Pasar Modal Indonesia terhadap GCG di antara negara-negara Asia masih berada pada peringkat 11 pada tahun 2010-2014 dengan trend skor menurun dari 40 di tahun 2011 menjadi 37 ditahun 2012 dan naik menjadi 39 di tahun 2013.Untuk efektifnya perlindungan investor melalui penerapan GCG di pasar modal diusulkan dikaitkan dengan sistem peringatan dini atau early warning system.
PENERAPAN PRINSIP SYARIAH DALAM PRAKTIK PERJANJIAN WARALABA SYARIAH
Authors: Permana Sudaryat
Published: June 2020

Franchise berkerbang tidak hanya yang konvensional namun juga yang syariah tidak terkecuali dengan Indonesia. waralaba ditetapkan alam Undang-Undang No.20 Tahun 2008 sebagai salah satu pola kemintraan yang menjadi salah satu sarana pemberdayaan usaha mikro, usaha kecil dan usaha menengah. Waralaba yang berkembang di Indonesia tidak hanya waralaba konvensional tetapi berkembang pula waralaba berdasarkan system syariah. Waralaba berdasarkan system syariah merupakan memiliki kemiripan dengan syirkah yaitu syirkah mudharabah. Banyaknya waralaba yang mengklaim menerapkan prinsip syariah tentu membutuhkan peran pengawas sehingga prinsip syariah yang diterapkan benar-benar prinsip syariah yang bersumber dari Al Quran, Hadist dan Ijtihad. Selama ini usaha-usaha yang mengklaim menggunakan prinsip syariah, pengawasannya dilakukan oleh Majelis Ulama Indonesia melalui salah satu lembaganya yaitu Dewan Pengawas Syariah. Begitu juga dengan usaha waralaba yang berdasarkan system syariah, perlu ada pengawasan dari Dewan Pengawas Syariah sehingga prinsip-prinsip syariah yang diterapkan benar-benar prinsip syariah sebagaimana yang ada dalam tuntutan Al Quran, Hadits dan Ijtihad.
EFFICIENCY OF BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZATION OF WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Vlasiuk O. S. , Kovalchuk N. V.
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of the study of the influence of mineral fertilizers, green manure,seed treatment with biopreparations and spraying of crops with Biocomplex-BTU on the parameters ofproductivity and affection of two varieties of wheat by the mildew of plants. It has been established thatpre-seeding bacterization contributes to the increase of yield by 0.09-0.34 t/ha, depending on thebiopreparation and fertilization. Under the action of mineral fertilizers alone or in combination withgreen manure, the yield increased by 1.74-2.21 t/ha, compared with the variant without fertilizers andwithout inoculation. The treatment of winter wheat crops by Biocomplex-BTU promotes yield increase by0.19-0.34 t/ha, depending on the fertilization and inoculation of seeds. Under inoculation of seeds andtreatment of crops with biopreparation, the number of productive stems and grains in the spike increases,while the weight of 1000 grains is predominantly reduced.Under use of fertilizers, specified parameters increase significantly. The most effective is the use ofbiopreparations without fertilizers.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTING MATERIAL OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF BIOORGANIC COMPOSITIONS FROM BASIDIOMYCETES AND CERIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Didenko P. V. , Romanchuk L. D. , Boyko O. A. , Sus N. P. , Demchenko O. A. , Orlovskiy A. V. , Boyko A. L.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To research the influence of bioorganic composition Bioekofunge-1 and cerium dioxide nanoparticles on growth and development of planting material of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Methods. Biotechnological, environmental, virological and microbiological methods. Results. The stimulating effect of Bioekofunge-1 and cerium dioxide nanoparticles on planting material of Scots pine, namely acceleration of growth and development of both aboveground and underground organs of pine plants, has been demonstrated. Specifically, we have found that treatment of Scots pine seedlings with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution results in average increase of height by 39.05 % and average increase in weight of roots by 51.85 % compared to the control group treated with water. Also, we have shown that treatment of Scots pine seedlings with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution and 0.001 % solution of cerium dioxide nanoparticles results in increase of height by 31.25 % and average increase in weight of roots by 23.49 % compared to the control group treated with water. Our research has brought to light antipathogenic and healing effect of integrated treatment with cerium dioxide nanoparticles and bioorganic composition Bioekofunge-1, namely 3-7 % of Scots pine seedlings in the control group had ring rotting near the root collar, which was absent in the seedlings, which were treated with 0.5 % Bioekofunge-1 solution and 0.001 % solution of cerium dioxide nanoparticles. At the same time, soil environment in which the plants of the control group were grown, was contaminated with pathogens of different taxa, while soil environment where plants treated with both Bioekofunge-1 and Bioekofunge-1 in combination with cerium dioxide nanoparticles were grown, did not contain pathogens. Conclusion. Applying both Bioekofunge-1 and Bioekofunge-1 in combination with cerium dioxide nanoparticles is an effective way to obtain healthy planting material of Scots pine. It was established that these agents stimulate the growth and development of Scots pine plants.
Quantum Memristor
Authors: Delgado Alberto
Published: June 2020

Research in quantum computing hardware has shown that quantum bits can be implemented with superconducting circuits, these qubits could be used in other applications such as quantum devices for electronic systems. In this paper a nonlinear parameterised two qubits quantum device is presented, the current - voltage characteristic of this element is similar to an adjustable memristor when its parameters are changed.
SPREAD OF ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS MYCOSES IN THE WORLD
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Toporkov A. V. , Lipnitsky A. V. , Polovets N. V. , Viktorov D. V.
Published: June 2020

Contemporary information on the spread in the world of especially dangerous mycoses - coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented in the review. Sources and infection routes of causative agents of these diseases are examined, clinical forms of mycoses are briefly characterized. An increase of morbidity due to them over the last decade is noted. A necessity of timely diagnostics of imported mycoses outside endemic regions is underscored.
IMMUNOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF RECOMBINANT CHIMERIC POLYPEPTIDE OspCgar+afz OF BORRELIA GARINII AND B. AFZELIIISOLATES
Authors: Karavaev VS. .. , Oleinikova E. S. , Azaev M. Sh. , Beklemishev' A. B.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Comparative study of antigenic properties of recombinant proteins OspCgar and OspCafz and recombinant chimeric polypeptide OspCgar+afZ, that contains amino acid sequences of mature immune dominant OspC proteins of West-Siberian isolates of Borrelia garinii (OspCgar) and B. afzelii (OspCafz), and evaluation of possibility of their use as antigens during creation of test-systems for serodiagnostics of Lyme borreliosis (LB) on the territory of Western Siberia. Materials and methods. Recombinant chimeric polypeptide OspCgar+afz and recombinant mature proteins OspCgar and OspCafz, obtained by expression of the corresponding genes in Escherichia coli cells, purified by affinity chromatography in Ni-NTA-sepharose CL-6B and studied by EIA method for the ability to bind antibodies from sera of LB patients. Results. A difference in sensitivity of determination by EIA method of specific IgM and IgG against borreliae in blood sera of LB patients with localized stage of the disease during use of OspCgar, OspCafz and OspCgar+afZ chimera as antigens was shown. Chimeric antigen OspCgar+afz was established to show higher antigenic activity compared with each of the OspCgar or OspCafZ antigens separately. Conclusion. The results of the study allow to examine the recombinant chimeric polypeptide OspCgar+afz as a possible component during creation of test-systems for serodiagnostics of LB on the territory of West Siberia.
IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDY OF RECEPTION OF PLAGUE BACTERIOPHAGE POKROVSKY
Authors: Byvalov A. A. , Dudina L. G. , Litvinets S. G. , Martinson E. A.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Study of mechanism of reception of plague bacteriophage Pokrovsky to cells of Yersinia pestis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Materials and methods. Using a method of competitive inhibition, the ability of monoclonal antibodies against antigenic epitopes of outer membrane of Yersinia genus bacteria to inhibit adhesion of the studied bacteriophage to cells of Y. pestis EV strain, was evaluated. Results. A key role of structure of carbohydrate nature in reception of Pokrovsky bacteriophage was confirmed. Among 5 lines of monoclonal antibodies against protein epitopes 2 were established to cause significant inactivation of bacteriophage adhesion to bacterial cells. Conclusion. An assumption is proposed regarding participation of a structure of polypeptide nature in reception of Pokrovsky bacteriophage by cells of plague microbe.
MILIACINE INFLUENCE ON THE BIOFILM FORMATION OF BACTERIA
Authors: Chainikova I. N. , Filippova Yu. V. , Frolov B. A. , Perunova N. B. , Ivanova E. V. , Bondarenko T. A. , Panfilova T. V. , Zheleznova A. D. , Sarycheva Yu. A. , Bukharin O. V.
Published: June 2020

Aim. The comparative estimation of miliacine influence on the biofilm formation of bacteria. Materials and methods. The objects of investigation were the clinical isolates of Salmonella enteritidis (28), Salmonella typhimurium (24), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8) and reference strains of lactobacilli (5) and bifidobacteria (3). Miliacin was obtained from crystals of millet oil. Antibacterial activity of miliacin was detected by the method of serial dilutions. For investigation of biofilms miliacin in 100 and 50 mkg/ml concentrations was used. Miliacin was diluted in Twin-21. Biofilm formation was studied by method of O'Toole G.A., Kolter R. (1998) using spectrophotometer Elx 808 (BioTek, USA). The morphometry of biofilms was conducted by atomic force microscopy with the use of scanning probe microscope SMM-2000. Results. Miliacin and its solvent did not influence the growth of bacteria. Maximum sensivity of biofilms to miliacin was detected in K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa, minimal - in S. enteritidis. Miliacin did not influence the biofilm formation in strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Conclusion. Miliacin in addition to immunotropic activity, detected earlier, can inhibit the biofilms of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria without influence on the biofilm formation of representatives of usual flora.
MULTI-YEAR DYNAMICS OF SPREAD OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS GENOTYPES IN MOSCOW REGION
Authors: Isaeva O. V. , Kichatova V. S. , Karlsen A. A. , Solonin S. A. , Dmitriev P. N. , Kyuregyan K. K. , Mikhailov M. I.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Determine spread of hepatitis C vims genotypes, circulating in Moscow Region over the last decade. Materials and methods. The presence of HCV RNA, genotype and subtype of the vims were determined in blood sera samples obtained in 2006 - 2014 from 2847 individuals with the presence of HCV infection, who had or did not have injectable dmg administration in anamnesis. Results, lb and 3a remain the main subtypes, circulating in the population over the last decade. A notable reduction of la subtype circulation took place among injectable dmg users (IDU). Recombinant form RFl_2k/lb of hepatitis vims is present only among this risk group and constitutes 2% of the overall amount of subtypes in both 2007 and 2014. Genotype 4d was detected in 2014, that is not typical for Russian Federation. Genotype 3a is dominant in IDU age groups of 20 - 29 and older than 40, and in the 30 - 39 group the main - subtype lb. Phylogenetic analysis has shown the lack of certain genetic variants of subtypes lb and 3a, characteristic for IDU, that gives evidence on a wide circulation of the main subtypes of the vims in the whole population of individuals, infected by HCV. Conclusion. Spread of main genotypes/subtypes of HCV in the overall population and among IDU in Moscow remains stable over the last decade.
EFFECTIVENESS OF A TEST-SVSTEM FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF MELIOIDOSIS AND GLANDERS BASED ON PASSIVE HEMAGGLUTINATION REACTION AND SOLID-PHASE ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY
Authors: Budchenko A. A.
Published: June 2020

Analysis of published results of studies of effect of various antigens of Burkholderia pseudomallei and B. mallei on operation characteristics (sensitivity and specificity) of tests for diagnostics of melioidosis and glanders based on reaction of passive hemagglutination and solid-phase enzyme immunoassay is presented. Methods of isolation of 2 types of antigens are examined: lysate (obtained by lysis of bacterial cells) and recombinant (obtained by genetic engineering, analogues of the determined antigens of the causative agent). Perspectives of production of universal antigens of B. pseudomallei and B. mallei for test-systems based on passive hemagglutination and solid-phase enzyme immunoassay and their application for effective diagnostics of melioidosis and glanders in endemic regions are shown.
ROLE OF NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS IN ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Kravtsov A. L.
Published: June 2020

Novel data on neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), carrying out capture and killing of pathogenic microorganisms with higher effectiveness than during phagocytosis, are presented. A contemporary view on how neutrophils choose intracellular (phagocytosis) or extracellular (NETosis) mechanism of bactericidity during interaction with pathogenic microorganisms is given. Experimental data on the presence in causative agents of plague, cholera and melioidosis of mechanisms of protection from bactericidal effect of NET, as well as NET’S role in regulation of immune response and sepsis development are analyzed.
COMPARATIVE ACTIVITY OF INFLUENZA VACCINES: EFFECT ON LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION STRUCTURE
Authors: Chromova E. A. , Semochkin L. A. , Akhmatova E. A. , Stolpnikova V. N. , Skhodova S. A. , Sorokina E. V. , Akhmatova N. K. , Kostinov M. P.
Published: June 2020

Aim. Study subpopulation structure of lymphocytes in healthy individuals under the effect of various influenza vaccines in an in vitro system. Materials and methods. Evaluation of immunephenotype features of PBMCs, activated in vitro by immune-adjuvanted and unadjuvanted vaccines against influenza in healthy individuals, was carried out by using flow cytometry method. Results. Grippol plus vaccine caused a more pronounced stimulating effect compared with subunit and split-vaccines on NK-cells, cells with markers of early activation CD45/CD25, induced the quantity of natural regulatory cells (CD4/CD25/Foxp3), increase of the number of В-cells and reduced the amount of cell types with apoptosis marker CD45/CD95. Conclusion. Immune-adjuvanted vaccine Grippol plus induced formation of effectors of both innate and adaptive immunity and possessed the most powerful potential regarding activation of various types of immune-competent cells compared with unadjuvanted vaccines.
O PERFIL DO DIRETOR DAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPAIS DE MARÍLIA - SP
Authors: PARENTE Juliano Mota
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil do diretor escolar das escolas públicas municipais de Marília – SP, verificando as características relacionadas à sua formação, experiência profissional e principais dificuldades na gestão da escola. Como referencial teórico utilizamos alguns autores que contextualizam a gestão escolar no Brasil, tais como Alonso (1988), Silva Júnior (2002) e Shiroma (2006), que nos auxiliaram a compreender quais as influências que a gestão escolar tem recebido ao longo das últimas décadas, bem comoquais as principais tendências nos modelos de gestão adotados pelas escolas públicas brasileiras. A pesquisa exploratória utilizou como instrumento de coleta de dados questionário com 10 questões fechadas, aplicado a 41 diretores, englobando 82% das escolas do município. A coleta de dados foi realizada em setembro de 2013.Os dados coletados na pesquisa e apresentados no presente artigo demonstraram que há uma similaridade noperfil dos diretores das escolas públicas municipais de Marília com a realidade da média nacional. A pesquisamostrou algumas características dos diretores da rede municipal de Marília: mulheres, com formação inicial emPedagogia, com mais de dez anos de experiência docente e também na gestão da escola e originários do própriomunicípio de Marília.
PISO SALARIAL PROFISSIONAL NACIONAL: CONTEXTO POLÍTICO-LEGAL E O CENÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: MELO Amilka Dayane Dias , FRANÇA Magna
Published: June 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma análise relexiva sobre o Piso Salarial Proissional Nacional (PSPN), seu contexto político e sua implementação por estados brasileiros no atual cenário nacional. Desde a Constituição Federal de 1988, a política de valorização do magistério vem sendo palco de debates na agenda da política educacional, determinando suas diretrizes e a forma de inanciamento. Algumas legislações do Conselho Nacional de Educação, bem como a legislação dos Fundos Contábeis e a Lei do Piso, objetivam a garantia de que osprofessores das redes públicas de ensino tenham seus direitos assegurados, mediante formação, condições de  trabalho ou remuneração – vencimento base. Como legislação especíica para o vencimento, destaca-se a Lei n. 11.738/08 do PSPN, determinando o valor mínimo anual a ser pago no vencimento inicial de professores que possuem formação em nível médio e jornada de trabalho de 40 horas. Os resultados apontam que, após seis anos da promulgação da Lei do Piso, alguns estados brasileiros ainda apresentam diiculdades em sua implementação. Conclui-se que com a Lei n. 11.738/08 houve avanços na valorização do magistério, mas, ainda, são representativos gestores públicos que não respeitam a legislação, cabendo maior atenção por parte da sociedade civil.
APROXIMAÇÃO ENTRE DUAS REALIDADES DISTANTES: PARTICIPAÇÃO E A QUALIDADE DA ESCOLA EM FOCO
Authors: ARIOSI Cinthia Magda Fernandes
Published: June 2020

Os elementos que fundamentam a construção da qualidade na escola são abordados neste texto, que relete sobre duas realidades distantes e distintas que são consideradas, pelas suas respectivas comunidades, como experiências educativas de qualidade. Essas experiências são a Escola Camponesa Chico Mendes, em Querência do Norte (Paraná), e as escolas municipais da abordagem de Reggio Emilia (Itália). O objetivo do trabalho foi identiicar elementos que fossem comuns e que pudessem contribuir para a relexão sobre a construção de novas experiências educativas consideradas de qualidade pelas respectivas comunidades. As questões que motivaram esse trabalho foram: há elementos comuns entre as duas experiências educativas pesquisadas que são reconhecidas por suas respectivas comunidades como experiências educacionais de qualidade? Será que esses elementos podem indicar como construir práticas educativas de qualidade? Os dados foram obtidos por meio de visitas, entrevistas e análise de documentos das duas escolas. Os elementos identiicados foram: participaçãoda comunidade, projeto formativo como base para o planejamento, gestão participativa, trabalho em equipe, currículo emergente e o reconhecimento da criança como sujeito de direitos. A escola, quando fundamentadana participação da comunidade e nos demais elementos apresentados, tem grandes possibilidades de construirum projeto educativo de qualidade.
KANT ACORDOU MESMO NO SONO DOGMÁTICO?
Authors: SUZUKI Márcio
Published: June 2020

Na conhecida passagem do Prefácio aos Prolegômenos, Kant afirma que foi David Hume quem interrompeu o seu sonodogmático. Essa passagem é lida com frequência como uma declaração em que Kant anuncia seu afastamento do dogmatismo, mas ela não pode ser bem entendida sem o pano de fundo dogmático que a torna possível. O presente artigo procura reconstruir a “doutrina” do sono e do sonho no leibnizianismo, a fim de chegar o mais próximo do sentido que Kant pretende dar à sua afirmação.
CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY LINES BY NOISE EMISSION FOR NOISE PROTECTION DESIGN
Authors: Butorina Marina , Oleinikov Alexey , Kuklin Denis
Published: June 2020

Rail transport is one of the main sources of noise pollution in cities. It impacts up to 10% of residential territories in Russia. In this article, the factors affecting the noise emission of railway lines are analyzed and a calculation method is proposed to estimate the noise levels of railway traffic flows. The calculations carried out using the proposed method made it possible to estimate the noise levels of railway lines of various categories, ranging from 60 to 80 dBA, depending on the flow and the limit speed of the railway. Calculations show that dwellings at a distance of 70 to 950 m is under the influence of noise of railway lines exceeding limits. The proposed classification of railway lines by noise levels is laid as the basis for the development of noise maps, it also allowed to determine the most effective noise protection measures to ensure acceptable noise levels in the surrounding area. The most effective measures to reduce noise of trains seem to be a set of measures aimed at both reducing the noise at the source and on the propagation path, i.e. noise screens and their combination with measures to improve rolling stock and acoustic properties of the track.
EXPERIENCE OF ESTIMATION AND REDUCTION OF NOISE AND VIBRATION OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF RUSSIA
Authors: Vasilyev Andrey , Sannikov Vladimir , Tyurina Natalia
Published: June 2020

Industrial noise and vibration leads to the workers disease, fatigue breakdown of pipeline and apparatus junction, decreasing of machine operating characteristics etc. According to statistics, amblyacousia and vibration illness takes the first places among all the other professional diseases. Investigations of noise and vibration levels at the operator's positions of "Volgoelectromontazh-1" Joint Stock Company of Russian Federation were done. Measurements were carried out according to existing methods and standards. In total 27 operator's positions were investigated in the main building and in the shop of consumer goods. The results of measurements showed, that for some positions (pendulum saw, cutting-off lathe, presses etc.) there were significant excesses of the sanitary standards of noise levels. Complex of measures of noise reduction was developed, including technical decisions and organizing measures. Results of measures implementation shows good efficiency of noise and vibration reduction.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KECEMASAN SISWA DALAM MENGHADAPI UJIAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Fauziah Nabilah , Pujiastuti Heni
Published: June 2020

PISA menyatakan bahwa Indonesia masih tergolong rendah dalam penguasaan materi. Karena sifat matematika yang dianggap sulit oleh sebagian besar siswa dan menimbulkan rasa cemas pada saat berhadapan dengan matematika, baik dalam pembelajaran atau dalam menghadapi evaluasi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kecemasan siswa dalam menghadapi ujian matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 23 Kabupaten Tangerang dan melibatkan 8 siswa secara acak tanpa mengetahui kemampuan awal siswa. Instrument yang digunakan untuk memperoleh adalah angket untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan siswa dalam menghadapi ujian matematika. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecemasan siswa terhadap ujian matematika sangat rendah. Kecemasan dalam tingkat yang rendah dan sedang berpengaruh positif terhadap penampilan belajar siswa, salah satunya dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Karena kecemasan yang dialami siswa dapat dijadikan stimulus yang berguna bagi siswa itu sendiri. Menanamkan rasa percaya diri kepada siswa bahwa mereka bisa memahami dan menyelesaikan persoalan matematika serta menghilangkan prasangka negatif mengenai pelajaran matematika.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR TIGA VARIABEL
Authors: Rini Husna Azzahra  , Heni Pujiastuti
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel berdasarkan tahapan Polya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ada 30 siswa kelas X IPS 3 SMAN 5 Kota Serang dan diambil 6 siswa dari kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes. Instrumen tes yang diberikan sebanyak 3 butir soal berbentuk soal cerita. Subjek dianalisis berdasarkan indikator tahapan Polya, yaitu memahami masalah, merencanakan penyelesaian, melaksanakan rencana, dan memeriksa kembali proses dan hasil. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas X IPS 3 SMAN 5 Kota Serang masih rendah. Hal ini karena : (1) pada tahap memahami masalah siswa belum sepenuhnya memahami masalah materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel; (2) pada tahap merencanakan penyelesaian siswa kesulitan dalam menuliskan strategi/rencana untuk menyelesaikan masalah; (3) pada tahap melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian siswa tidak melakukan proses perhitungan dengan benar dan tidak menemukan solusi yang tepat; dan (4) pada tahap memeriksa kembali siswa hanya sampai pada perolehan solusi tanpa memeriksa kembali dengan mensubstitusi ke persamaan awal dan juga tidak membuat kesimpulan.
THE IMPACT OF SHEAR GAP SIZE ON THE QUALITY OF THE SHEARED SURFACE IN ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEET BLANKING
Authors: Spišák Emil , Majerníková Janka , Kaščák Ľuboš , Mulidran Peter
Published: June 2020

The quality of the sheared surface when blanking, also known as die-cutting, is the result of several factors. Based on current knowledge about blanking, the following technological parameters – shear gap size, blunting of the shearing tool, lubrication in the shearing process, and deformation rate – can be considered as decisive parameters on the quality of the sheared surface. The main material characteristics include yield strength, tensile strength, ductility, and ferrite grain size. The paper is focused on the influence of the shear gap on the quality of the shear surface of electrical sheets with different chemical composition and different mechanical properties. The quality of the cutting surface was characterized by the size of the plastic cutting area. The relationships between the size of the shear gap, which ranged from 1 to 7% of the thickness of the cut material and the size of the plastic shear area, were evaluated and measured macroscopically.
EFFECT OF THE PLASTIC STRAIN AND DRAWING QUALITY ON THE FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE OF STEEL SHEETS
Authors: Trzepieciński Tomasz
Published: June 2020

The aim of the research presented in this article is to investigate the frictional resistance of steel sheets with different drawing quality. Friction tests have been carried out using the bending under tension (BUT) test which simulates the contact conditions at the rounded edges of the punch and die in sheet metal forming operations. The effect of sheet deformation and temper state on the value of the coefficient of friction has been studied. It was found that increasing the value of elongation of the sheet is associated with an increase in the value of the COF for both friction conditions analysed. The intensity of work hardening, by changing the mechanical properties of the sheet, is a factor that changes contact conditions. The lubricant which is typically used in plastic working provided a reduction of frictional resistance by approximately 3.6-14%, depending on the degree of sheet deformation.
THE CORROSION AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF LASER AND MAG WELD DEPOSITS
Authors: Guzanova Anna , Džupon Miroslav , Draganovská Dagmar , Brezinová Janette , Viňáš Ján , Cmorej Denis , Janoško Erik , Maruschak Pavlo
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on the possibility of HPDC molds restoration for aluminium casting by laser and MAG weld cladding with a welding wire of the same grade like the base material. A chemical analysis of the weld deposits showed a decrease in the content of some elements in the MAG deposit due to the higher thermal input to the weld bath. The lower heat input of laser welding has resulted in a higher incidence of fusion defects lack between the weld deposit and the base material. Thermal conditions during welding affected hardness of weld deposits and their abrasive resistance as well. The resistance of materials against dissolution when immersed in AlSi8Cu3 alloy was similar for both deposits and the base metal.
O patrimônio público como direito fundamental difuso e o Ministério Público como instrumento de sua proteção preventiva extrajurisdicional – aspectos teóricos e práticos. Escala de ação progressiva.
Authors: Wanis Rodrigo Otávio Mazieiro
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem como objeto ou finalidade a demonstração da categorização expressa do patrimônio público como direito fundamental difuso e da importância e efetividade da atuação do Ministério Público na sua proteção preventiva extrajurisdicional, levando-se em conta as determinações normativas que obrigam à escorreita administração do referido conjunto de bens comuns e as funções e prerrogativas institucionais ministeriais. Visa também ao apontamento específico dos mecanismos dessa atuação, com uma breve noção teórica e alguns aspectos práticos, pautados pelo princípio da eficiência, em uma escala de ação progressiva.
A omissão dos prefeitos no enfrentamento e na resolução dos lixões e a caracterização da improbidade administrativa
Authors: Matos Thyego
Published: June 2020

A Lei nº 12.305/2010 foi editada com o propósito de modificar o retrato da maioria das cidades brasileiras, eliminando os lixões e instituindo
uma gestão ambientalmente adequada dos resíduos sólidos. Sucede que, passados mais de quatro anos desde a edição da referida Lei, a realidade de muitos municípios brasileiros ainda é exatamente a mesma e, em muitos casos, em decorrência de uma total falta de comprometimento dos prefeitos. Nesses cenários de total omissão, a conduta de tais agentes públicos não é apenas ilegal, qualificando-se como ímprobas.
Friendly-environmental state as a counterbalance of environmental risks
Authors: Krestovska Natalia , Prots Oleksandra
Published: June 2020

The article explores the notion of friendly-environmental state (ecological state, ‘green’ state) as a new category of modern state studies. At the turn of the millennium, the environmental risks of postindustrial society have significantly intensified the activities of every state, including Ukraine, in shaping and implementing environmental policies. The creation of a new image of the state that may be called ‘friendly-environmental’ is on the scholarly agenda. This concept has recently been used more and more in legal studies, but it has not been properly elaborated by domestic jurisprudence. Mostly scholars consider this type of the state in one dimension: they consider the characteristic ‘ecological state’ as a feature of the constitutional state, emphasize on the ecological function of such state, recognize implementation of environmental policy as the main task of the state in contemporary world, etc.

The article distinguishes a few features of the friendly-environmental (ecological state), particularly the following: greening of state policy and greening of the society through the assistance of the state; maximizing the effectiveness of environmental policy; activation of ecological function; ensuring environmental safety; guarantee of environmental human rights, meeting of personal and public environmental interests. The following definition is proposed: the friendly-environmental (ecological state) is a state that constantly and systematically implements environmental requirements in all spheres of public policy and areas of social life, implements an effective environmental policy together with civil society institutions, implements the ecological function and ensures environmental security, environmental human rights, the meeting of personal and public environmental interests. It is confirmed that the formation of the friendly-environmental state corresponds exactly to the prevailing tendencies of development of contemporary state-making processes and can counterbalance current ecological risks.
The role of international human rights standards in shaping the legal status of a person and a citizen
Authors: Kofman Boris
Published: June 2020

The article examines the role of international human rights legal standards in shaping the legal status of a person and citizen. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of human rights norms that shape and consolidate the legal status of a person and citizen at the international legal level, determining its formation at the level of the legislation of the national member states of the international community.

The essential and decisive role of international legal standards in the processes of formation of the legal status of human and citizen rights occurring at the international legal (universal and regional) and national levels is stated.

It is argued that the problem of the formation of the legal status of human and citizen rights and freedoms remains relevant, because it serves as a kind of calling card of each state, but it is objectified and complicated by contradictory tendencies in the development of the modern state regarding the limitation of its sovereignty and the need for existential participation in collective councils. maintaining international peace and security.

It is stated that such processes continue to the present day and are systematically complicated because they are, on the one hand, influenced by the processes of legal globalization that promote standardization, typing and unification of international norm-making in the field of human rights, and on the other - the peculiarities of formation, operation and implementation of guidelines democratic legal statehood in each of the Member States of the international community.
General approaches to defining the concept of «organization of Prosecutor's office»
Authors: Podkopaev Sergii
Published: June 2020

Constitutional and legal status of Prosecutor’s Office is the evidence of importance of this institution in society and the State. The Chapter VIII (Justice) of the Constitution has the provisions allowing to tell about the change of the role and the place of Prosecutor’s Office in the state power system. In the same time, the Article 92, paragraph 14, Article 1311 of the Constitution of Ukraine envisages that organization and activity of Prosecutor’s Office are determined exclusively by Law. It should be noted that the Preamble of the Law of Ukraine «On Prosecutor’s Office» states that it defines the legal fundamentals of organization and activity of Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine.

This article highlights the general approaches to uncovering the scope of «organization of Prosecutor’s Office». Attention is drawn to the traditional views of the «organization» as an internal activity and management within the prosecution agencies, where an important role is given to Prosecutor General and heads of prosecution agencies of the appropriate level. In addition, the «organization of Prosecutor's Office» is viewed from the standpoint of the process of creating (forming) Prosecutor's Office as an institution or changing its institutional and functional model by reforming and transforming it into a new model. In this sense, it refers to incorporation of the Prosecutor's Office as an important element of the process of its institutionalization.

It was concluded that the «organization of Prosecutor's office» can be considered as a process of its incorporation and objectification at the level of Law. At the same time, the Law can actually be considered as a materialized carrier of the idea of a certain institutional and functional model of Prosecutor's Office.

In this regard, the role and responsibility of external (in relation to Prosecutor’s Office) entities for its organization and the results of its activities in the future is increased. This conclusion is due to the fact that the «quality» of the legislation is directly related to the efficiency and effectiveness of prosecutorial activity or its ability as a state institution to achieve the purpose and socially beneficial result of its activity, practically influencing public relations in a given direction.
Some issues of state regulation of the National innovation system of Ukraine
Authors: Shyian Oleksii
Published: June 2020

In the Article it has been outlined the problems of absence of definition of the national innovation system of Ukraine in the Ukrainian Laws. In addition, it has been paid attention that there is no unique position about definition of national innovation system in scientific field.

In order to improve the development of the innovation sphere in Ukraine, it is necessary to regulate the issues of the national innovation system, its elements (subsystems), the principles of interaction of elements (subsystems) among it etc. at the legislative level in the Law of Ukraine “On Innovative Activity”.

The development of the innovation sphere requires comprehensive state regulation on all elements of the national innovation system. There is a problem nowadays - so-called separation of science from practice, the lack of practical use and (or) commercialization of scientific inventions and developments. Scientific developments and inventions are unnecessary for the current application and practice of production, management. These inventions and developments are often left in the laboratory or at research institutes and never brought to life.

From our point of view, the problem of separation of science from practice is caused by the level of insufficient functional connections of subsystems of the national innovation system of Ukraine. In this situation, each subsystem is partly isolated from the other subsystems and evolves independently.

On the basis of the considered material, it has been proposed an author’s definition of the national innovation system as a coherent system of innovation actors who carry out, provide and / or facilitate the development, commercialization and practical application of intellectual output to create (apply) innovation.

The author proposed to amend the Law of Ukraine "On Innovative Activity", in particular to consolidate the definition of the national innovation system in this Law.
Legal Regulation of the Preservation of the Culture of Ukrainian Peasantry: Current Situation and Prospects for Improvement
Authors: Kovalenko Tetiana , Pozniak Elina
Published: June 2020

This article investigates the current state of legal regulation of preserving the culture of Ukrainian peasantry as a carrier of Ukrainian identity, culture and spirituality of the nation. The necessity to revive and preserve the peasant as a landlord, bearer of morality and national culture is reflected in the scientific approaches of legal scholars in the field of agrarian, land and environmental law of Ukraine. In the process of analysis of a number of sources of agrarian, land, environmental law, normative legal acts of a programmatic nature, the existence of significant legal defects in the specified field was revealed (declarative nature of legal provisions, legal gaps, lack of complexity of legal regulation, inefficiency of legal norms). As a result, degradation of the spiritual, environmental, legal culture of the peasants occurs.

The authors found that the effectiveness of a number of legal acts, aimed at the legal regulation of the culture of Ukrainian peasantry, the social development of the village and the revival of social cultural and material infrastructure, is low. The measures identified in them to overcome the crisis in the social sphere of the village have practically no proper mechanisms of implementation.

In view of this, the authors substantiate ways to improve the legal regulation for the preservation of the culture of Ukrainian peasantry. The key to preserving the peasantry as a carrier of the national culture of Ukrainian people, according to the authors, is a integrated solution to the peasant's social problems. This direction of state policy should be implemented through organizational, legal and socio-economic measures aimed at ensuring employment and reducing unemployment, expanding the network of cultural institutions in the countryside, improving the level of education of rural youth, the development of environmental awareness, education, legal and advisory activities.

Increasing the standard of living and life of Ukrainian peasantry, the authors associate with the need for its financial and economic support with the use of funds from the State and local budgets for the implementation of cultural and educational activities in the countryside, leisure activities with the promotion of agricultural producers. An important guarantee of preserving the culture of Ukrainian peasantry is to increase the legal responsibility of officials of state authorities and local self-government for making decisions that limit or violate peasants' rights.
Criminological aspects of child exploitation
Authors: Andrushko Andriy
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the criminological aspects of child exploitation. It is noted that among the crimes against freedom, honor and dignity, child exploitation is one of the least common. In 2013, the prosecutor’s office accounted for 11 cases of child exploitation, in 2014 it registered 4 cases, in 2015 – 2, in 2016 – 6, in 2017 – 1, in 2018 – 16, in 2019 – 9 cases of such crimes. Thus, for the period from 2013 to 2019, only 49 cases of child exploitation were recorded. Only the child's substitution is included in the official statistical reporting less frequently than this crime (only 4 such acts were registered during the specified period).

It is noted that child exploitation is a high-latent crime. Increased level of latency of this action is facilitated by the behavior of the victims, their unwillingness to go to different instances to protect their rights. Examination of specific criminal proceedings shows that the adolescents – the victims of this assault – have consented to work voluntarily. In some cases, the fact of exploitation of the child became known only because of the significant harm inflicted on the health of the minor.

Based on the analysis of the materials of nine criminal cases (proceedings) considered by the courts of Ukraine for the period from 2013 to 2019, a criminological portrait of the offender committing child exploitation has been developed: this is not a previously convicted man, a citizen of Ukraine, Ukrainian by nationality, aged 40–50 years old, with a complete secondary education, which does not work anywhere, is not married, which is characterized by such negative traits as the desire to live and ensure own well-being at all costs, parsimony, irresponsibility, lightness, as well as resourcefulness, energy, dedication, organizational skills.

Characteristic features of victims of child exploitation are also considered. To this end, the author summarizes the data relating to the 17 victims of the said assault. It was found that eight victims of this activity worked on construction, three – on agricultural works, three – on garbage sorting works, two – on auxiliary works, another worked as a loader.

The main determinants of child exploitation have been analyzed and directions for preventing such encroach have been proposed.
Contents of corrective work and problem questions of their applications
Authors: Ilina Oksana
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the historical and legal analysis of such type of punishment as correctional labor. In States with market relations, punishments in the form of correctional labor are not applied, and it is not easy to find out the reason for this condition. We see the relevance of our research in finding out the problems of application and execution of correctional labor.

The purpose of this article is to analyze theoretical and practical recommendations aimed at improving the legislation and practice of correctional labor, based on the study of the historical development, changes in the political, economic, legal and social situation of the Ukrainian state, to identify the place of this type of punishment in the system of criminal penalties and to determine the true content of correctional labor as a type of criminal legal impact on convicts. Correctional labor is a measure of state coercion that is applied as the main type of punishment to a convicted person who does not have a main place of work, with the deduction of part of his salary to the state’s income.

In this work, the author defines the place of correctional labor in the system of punishments of Ukraine, the range of persons to whom this punishment can be applied, as well as the categories of persons to whom it is not applied. The article raises the question of the further existence of punishment in the form of correctional labor. Theoretical and practical prerequisites point to the need to exclude this type of punishment from the system of punishments.

         Prospects for further scientific research in this direction should be scientific support for the removal of correctional labor from the criminal law, which will not only prove that the legislator takes into account the realities of today, but also a significant step in the modernization of the entire system of punishments. A real alternative to correctional labor in the sanctions of articles of the Special part of the Criminal code of Ukraine may well be a fine and community service.