bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular study on the effect of dandelion leaf extract and silver nanoparticles in induced diabetic albino rats
Authors: Muhsin Sabrin S. , Faris Bushra H. , Abdulridha Wasna’a M.
Published: June 2022

The present study investigated the antidiabetic effects of dandelion leaf extract and silver nanoparticles on diabetic albino rats at molecular level, and compared with insulin. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by green chimestry method using dandelion leaf extract as capping and reducing agent, which reduced Silver nitrate (AgNO3) into silver nanoparticles. The morphology, size and crystalline structure, of silver nanoparticles are confirmed by ultraviolet, Scanning electron microscope technique, and X-ray diffraction respectively. The formation and stability of the reduced AgNPs in colloidal solution were detected and monitored by using UV-visible spectroscopy, and the absorption peak appear at 450 nm indicating the specific surface Plasmon resonance of AgNPs. The Scanning Electron Microscope showed that the AgNPs have spherical shape with aparticular size ranging from (13 to 28 )nm.The chemical characterization of synthesized AgNPs was tested using the X-ray diffraction technique, which shows that the average crystalline size was 16nm, and the synthesized silver nanoparticles have a polycrystalline structure. Application of nanoparticles in medicine is an attractive proposition. The present study included 35 female wistar albino rats weighting 200±20 grams.
Antiproliferative activity of moringa oleifera's leaves ethanolic extract and docetaxel on lncap cell line and on the level of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Authors: Ahmed Aymen , Al-Mukhtar Entisar J. , Ghaleb Rana A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Cancer is abnormal cells growth that is responsible for the majority of global deaths and cancer is expected to rank as leading cause of death and the single most important barrier to increasing life expectancy in every country of the world in the 21st century. According to the estimates from the world health organization in 2015, cancer is the first or second leading cause of death before age 70 years in 91 of 172 countries, and it ranks third or fourth in an additional 22 countries. Many anti-cancer drugs in current use such as paclitaxel, vincristine, and vinblastine are naturally derived agents. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of ethanolic leaves extract of Moringa oleifera and docetaxel each separately and in combinations on the proliferation of LNCaP cell line, and on the level of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis induced ligand (TRAIL). Methods: This work was performed in the laboratory of cancer research at college of medicine\ university of Babylon during the period from January 2021 to October 2021. The study was approved by the ethics committee in the college of medicine at university of Babylon.
GC-MS studies and anti-inflammatory effect of methanolic leaf and stem extracts of Leucas biflora (Vahl) R. Br. on lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis in swiss albino rats
Authors: Dhivya A , Jayasheela D , Sasikumar S.
Published: June 2022

The bioactive compounds present in Leucas biflora (Vahl) R.Br. leaf and stem methanolic extract was analyzed using GC-MS studies. GC-MS analysis was carried out using GC Clarus 500 perkin Elmer system interfaced to a Mass spectrometer instrument. The study was carried out to investigate anti-inflammatory effect of methanolic leaf and stem extract of Leucas biflora (Vahl) R.Br. on Endotoxin induced uveitis in Swiss Albino rats. Clinical signs including miosis, flares, hyperemia and iris were pursued for and counted in 1.0mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced uveitic mice treated orally with methanolic leaf and stem extract (200mg/kg), Dexamethasone (5mg/kg) or normal saline (0.1ml/kg). The protein concentration as well as levels of tumor necrosis factor – α (TNF- α) in the aqueous humor were also determined after various methods. The Methanolic extract of Leucas biflora(Vahl) R.Br. compounds studied using GC-MS were compared with the database stored in NIST library. The compounds such as Hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 2-Ethylacridine were analysed form the plant samples. The methanolic leaf and stem extract of Leucas biflora (Vahl) R. Br. and dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced several signs of uveitis such as hypermia, flare, anterior chamber, pus and miosis.
Stuttering and pragmatics in ‘once upon a time in hollywood’ movie
Authors: Rasheed Yasir Khalaf , Anber Maha Majeed , Al-Jarrah Jarrah Mohammad Mahmmod
Published: June 2022

The present study aims to explore the experiences of an adult person who stutters with the unpredictable and variable nature of stuttering across various contexts. Through analyzing some utterances chosen from ‘Once Upon a Time in Hollywood’ movie uttered by ‘Rick Dalton’, the main character in the movie, who stutters in his daily life and speaks fluently in specific situations,  this investigation facilitate a qualitative exploration of the contextual variability of stuttering to gain a comprehensive understanding of this phenomena.  This study is conducted by means of Searl’s Speech Acts Theory, and Demands and Capacities Theory to analyze the data. The results produced proved the correlation between stuttering and pragmatics which sheds light on the significance of focusing on context in the programs of stuttering treatment.
MENUMBUHKAN KARAKTER GEMAR MEMBACA MELALUI STRATEGI SAMISATE DAN SABUSOTO
Authors: Supriati Yeti
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The distance between teachers and students during distance learning during the current Covid-19 pandemic makes it increasingly difficult to cultivate character. Teachers must have tips and tricks to insert efforts to cultivate student character on the sidelines of learning. This study aims to comprehensively describe the cultivation of a character who likes to read during distance/online learning that the author uses the SAMISATE (One Week One Theme) and SABUSOTO (One Month One Character) method. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research design with data collection techniques from 124 students, covering students' responses to reading assignments and their learning outcomes in Indonesian subjects for two semesters. The results showed that the SAMISATE and SABUSOTO methods had an impact on increasing students' active participation in reading activities as evidenced by the increasing number of students who submitted reports on their reading results to the teacher, reaching 95% of the total number of students. In addition, it also has an impact on increasing Indonesian language learning outcomes in semester tests which reach an average of 90 compared to the previous semester's score of 83. This is because the increase in reading habits has an impact on increasing students' literacy competence which is closely related to the ability to understand exam question. The research findings indicate that the SAMISATE and SABUSOTO methods can be used to instill the character of reading fondness in students.
 
Abstrak
Berjaraknya antara guru dan siswa ketika pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi Covid-19 sekarang ini membuat semakin sulitnya penanaman karakter. Guru harus memiliki tips dan trik untuk menyisipkan upaya penanaman karakter siswa di sela-sela pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif mengenai penanaman karakter gemar membaca saat pembelajaran jarak jauhdaring yang penulis lakukan dengan menggunakan strategi SAMISATE (Satu Minggu Satu Tema) dan SABUSOTO (Satu Bulan Satu Orang Tokoh). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dari 124 siswa, meliputi respon siswa terhadap tugas membaca dan hasil belajar mereka dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia selama satu semester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi ini berdampak pada meningkatnya partisipasi aktif siswa dalam kegiatan membaca. Selain itu juga berdampak pada peningkatan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada ulangan harian dan ulangan semester. Kompetensi siswa dalam menulis pun meningkat. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan strategi SAMISATE dan SABUSOTO  dapat digunakan untuk menanamkan karakter gemar membaca pada siswa.
POTRET KONDISI JURNAL ILMIAH BERBASIS OPEN JOURNAL SYSTEM DI LINGKUNGAN LEMBAGA PELATIHAN BALITBANG DIKLAT KEMENTERIAN AGAMA
Authors: Restendi Dedi , Nasrudin Ayi
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There was a migration in periodic journals publishing from printed journals to the Open Journal System (OJS) at training institutions under the auspices of Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama in 2020. This study aims to determine the current condition of OJS in terms of accessibility, consistency, accreditation, and the number of articles published in year 2019 and 2020. Data collection was carried out through document review conducted by accessing and checking 17 OJS address sites for training institutions under the Ministry of Research and Development Agency. Religion. The results of the study explain that all training institutions have open scientific journal website addresses, 2 journals cannot be accessed, 15 journals have not been accredited, 11 journals have not been consistent in publishing and there has been an increase in the number of articles published.
 
Abstrak
Tahun 2020 terjadi proses migrasi penerbitan jurnal ilmiah berkala dari jurnal tercetak menjadi Open Journal System (OJS) pada jurnal-jurnal ilmiah yang dikelola lembaga pelatihan di bawah naungan Badan Litbang Kementerian Agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terkini dari OJS dari segi aksesibilitas, konsistensi, akreditas, dan jumlah artikel yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2019 dan 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui telaah dokumen yang dilakukan dengan mengakses dan memeriksa 17 situs alamat OJS lembaga pelatihan di bawah Badan Litbang Kementerian Agama. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa semua lembaga pelatihan memiliki alamat website jurnal ilmiah terbuka, dua jurnal tidak dapat diakses, 15 jurnal belum terakreditasi, 11 jurnal belum konsisten dalam penerbitan dan terjadi peningkatan jumlah artikel yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2019 ke tahun 2020.
PENINGKATAN AKTIFITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR ARITMETIKA DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL 5E DENGAN MEDIA GF-eMODUL DI MAN 4 JAKARTA
Authors: Mulyana Novianti
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This Classroom Action Research aims to improve students' activities and learning outcomes in math online learning through the application of the 5E learning model using the GF-eModul in Grade X MAN 4 Jakarta. The target variables are the increase in the percentage of students who successfully submit assignments through the GF-e Module before end session; the increase in the percentage of students who get score above the passing grade; and and the increase in the percentage of students who obtained A predicate score. The study was conducted from January to March 2021 on arithmetic. The research used Kemmis and McTaggart's CAR which consisted of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Qualitative data were collected through observations, field notes, interviews, surveys, and journals. Meanwhile, quantitative data were collected through tests. Qualitative data is processed through coding, grouping, interpretation and presentation steps, and quantitative data is processed using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages. The study foud that the application of the 5E model with the GF-eModul increased the percentage the number of students who submit tasks before end sesiion by 50%, the percentage of students who got score above passing grade  by 59%, and the percentage of students who got A predicate score by 49%.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktifitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran daring melalui penerapan model pembelajaran 5E dengan media GF-eModul di kelas X IPA MAN 4 Jakarta. Variabel yang ingin disasar melalui penelitian ini adalah pertama peningkatan  persentasi jumlah peserta didik yang berhasil mengirimkan tugas melalui GF-e Modul; kedua peningkatan persentasi peserta didik yang memperoleh skor di atas KKM; dan peningkatan persentasi jumlah peserta didik yang memperleh skor predikat A.  Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Marer tahun 2021 pada materi aritmetika di kelas X 5 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan siklus PTK Kemmis dan Mctaggart yang terdiri dari 4 langkah yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan, catatan lapangan, wawancara, survey dan jurnal. Sedangkan data kuantitatif dikumpulkan melalui tes. Data kualitatif diolah menggunakan langkah pengkodean, pengelompokan, intrpretasi dan penyajian. Sedangkan data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan statistic deskriptif bentuk persentasi. Berdasakan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model 5E dengan media GF-eModul berhasil meningkatkan persentasi jumlah peserta didik yang menyerahkan hasil pekerjaannya pada periode jadwal jam pembelajaran sebesar 50%, presentase siswa dengan hasil belajar yang mencapai KKM sebesar 59%, dan persentase siswa yang mendapat skor predikat A meningkat sebesar 49%.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENULISAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH BAGI GURU DENGAN METODE SYNCRONOUS DAN ASYNCRONOUS
Authors: Ambarita Jenri , Yuniati Ester
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the increase in teacher knowledge and skills in writing scientific articles through training and mentoring activities. This research is a type of participatory action research with the steps of activities ranging from diagnostics, action plans, action tacking, evaluation and reflection. This activity involved 20 teachers of Christian religious education which was carried out remotely using synchronous and asynchronous methods. This activity will be held on 4 – 20 February 2022. The required data collection is carried out through theoretical studies, interviews, observation and document assessment. The data collected will be analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results showed that the training and mentoring carried out with synchronous and asynchronous methods was able to improve the knowledge and skills of the participants in writing scientific articles.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah melalui kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian partisipatory action research dengan langkah-langkah kegiatan mulai dari diagnostic, action plan, action tacking, evaluasi dan refleksi. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 20 orang guru pendidikan agama Kristen yang dilaksanakan secara jarak jauh dengan metode synchronous dan asynchronous. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 4 – 20 Februari 2022. Pengumpulan data yang dibutuhkan dilakukan melalui kajian teori, wawancara, observasi dan penilaian dokumen. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan dan pendampingan yang dilaksanakan dengan metode synchronous dan asynchronous mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan para peserta dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah.
Radyological Comparison of Lumbar Nerve Root Thickness in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: PAKSOY Kemal , ŞENTÜRK Salim , AKYOLDAS Goktug , BOZKURT İsmail , YAMAN Mesut Emre , SEZGİN Yılmaz
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Introduction: the aim of this study was to compare radiologically the effect of the disc on Root thicknesses in patients with acute disc herniation.

Methods: It was performed by measuring the same level of Root thickness in lumbar MRI images of patients presenting with acute disc herniation symptoms.

Findings: Lumbar MRI images of 95 patients were compared radiologically. It was statistically determined that the thickness of the nerve root on the side exposed to the compression of acute disc herniation increased compared to the other nerve root thickness at the same level.

Results: This study found statistically significant increase in the diameter of the affected nerve root in acute lumbar disc herniation. Especially in multi-level disc herniations, it may be useful to measure the nerve root thickness in determining the level that causes the actual clinic.
The Relationship between Internalized Stigma, Perceived Social Support and Self-Efficacy in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: ÖZDAMAR ÜNAL Gülin , ÖNAL Bektaş , İŞCAN Gökçe , ATAY İnci
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Many people with mental illness are subject to social and objective exclusion, discrimination, and stigma. One of the mental illnesses most exposed to stigma is bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to ascertain patient perceptions of social support and examine the association between internalized stigma, self-esteem, and clinical course in patients with bipolar disorder.
Method: This cross-sectional study enrolled 103 patients with BD. Sociodemographic form, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Inventory (ISMI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used to collect data in this study.
Results: The mean age of 103 patients with BD was 40,67±10,53. 46 (44.7%) of these participants were female. The ISMI score was higher in patients who were unemployed than in those who were employed (p=0.050). In terms of ISMI scores, those with residual symptoms had significantly higher scores than those without (p=0,001). The ISMI scores of those whose medication was inconsistent were significantly higher than those who were compliant with their medication (p=0.004). ISMI had a positive correlation between the number of depressions (p<0.001; r=0.243); medication non-adherence (p<0.001; r=0.282). ISMI had negative correlation between RSE (r=-0.711; p<0,001); MSPSS (r=-0,384; p<0,001). In multivariate linear regression, internalized stigma was significantly higher among those with low self-esteem, those who reported a lower level of social support from their friends, and those with residual symptoms.
Conclusions: The link between stigma, self-esteem, and social support, and their effects on patients with BD, have important implications for psychiatric care. Direct interventions to reduce the negative effects of stigma in BD deserve clinical attention as they may potentially improve outcomes.
Counteract Illegal Trafficking of Nuclear, Radioactive and Other Materials that Pose an Increased Danger
Authors: Brazhnikov Dmitry A. , Yakovets Evgeny N. , Myasnikov Anatoly P.
Published: June 2022

The article assesses the threats to the national security of the country associated with the use of nuclear, radioactive and other materials for terrorist purposes, including the use of modern information technologies. The classification of various types of terrorism is given, based on the analysis of the features that characterize this crime. Its criminal-legal characteristics are considered. The danger of religious, political and “state cyberterrorism”, which has been gaining popularity in recent times, is emphasized to destabilize the functioning of various critical infrastructure facilities, including arsenals of weapons of mass destruction, nuclear power plants, nuclear waste storage facilities, etc. A system of interdepartmental counteraction to the smuggling of potent, poisonous, explosive, radioactive substances, radiation sources, nuclear materials and other objects that can be used by intruders for criminal purposes. The exceptional importance of protecting the state and customs borders of the Russian Federation, as well as the entire Eurasian Economic Union, is noted in order to exclude the possible import into and export from the country of substances and materials intended for the manufacture of technical devices that pose an increased danger from the point of view of a terrorist threat. Particular attention is focused on the powers in this area of the customs authorities. It is concluded that within the framework of interstate cooperation in the fight against smuggling of nuclear, radioactive and other materials that pose an increased danger from the point of view of a terrorist threat, it is necessary to unify the criminal, criminal procedural and operational-search legislation of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Customs Cooperation Development Programme as a Promising Instrument for Facilitating Russian-Chinese Trade
Authors: Komissarov Alexander A.
Published: June 2022

The problem of insufficient development of instruments for facilitating Russian-Chinese trade is examined in the article. A promising tool for facilitating trade is proposed - a programme for the development of Customs cooperation between the Russian Federation and P.R. China. The concept of the programme, the mechanism for the implementation of the programme and the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the programme have been developed as elements of the proposed tool. The concept of the programme has been developed as a scenario for the formation of end-to-end customs control system over the supply chain of goods, which is a comprehensive tool for facilitating trade and ensuring the single submission of documents and information by participants in foreign economic activity and the application of customs control forms by the Customs administrations of the countries of departure and destination. The programme implementation mechanism is based on the development and distribution of the functions of existing institutions and subjects of cooperation related to the development and practical implementation of the elements of end-to-end customs control system in the supply chain, which ensures a high level of organization of interaction between subjects without creating additional institutions of cooperation. The methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the programme implementation allows to calculate and compare the real and potential effects of trade facilitation as a result of the formation end-to-end customs control system.
Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Customs Control
Authors: Filippova Lyudmila A. , Vasina Elena N. , Nikitchenko Inna I. , Somov Yuri I.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a study of promising areas for the use of artificial intelligence technologies for customs control, based on an analysis of the possibilities of artificial intelligence technologies and targets for the activities of the customs authorities of Russia until 2030. The directions of actual control, documentary control and classification of goods are considered. During actual control, it is proposed to use artificial intelligence at intelligent checkpoints, along with the use of artificial intelligence technologies for recognizing images obtained with the help of inspection and screening complexes, which will be interfaced with a system of sensors, which will automatically receive the necessary information about goods and vehicles crossing the customs border. In documentary control, artificial intelligence technologies can be used to automatically check documents submitted in printed or handwritten form, including those in foreign languages. Artificial intelligence technologies based on algorithms for the semantic analysis of unstructured information will be useful for automatic classification of goods in accordance with the unified Commodity Nomenclature for Foreign Economic Activity of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Analisis Fenomenologis Terhadap Pembatasan Pembacaan Kitab Kidung Agung Dalam Konteks Ibadah Kristen Di Sekolah Tinggi Teolog Arastamar Bengkulu
Authors: Halawa Iman Kristina , Supriadi Made Nopen , Dilla Minggus , Waharman Waharman , Ayawaila Estherlina Maria
Published: June 2022

The Song of Solomon is one of the books of Poetry. This book has been accepted into canonization as an inspired writing by God. This book gets a lot of attacks and criticisms as a book that does not deserve to be called the word of God because many sentences have erotic nuances, the phenomenological implications of this book rarely get a portion in readings in Christian Worship, even the majority of Christians suggest not to use the Song of Solomon as a reference. Reading in a general context and only read in a special class and the phenomenon occurs in the context of College Theology Students. In addition, the Song of Solomon also raises debates regarding the approach to reading the book. Through qualitative methods, specifically descriptive and phenomenological analysis. The results of this study indicate that the Song of Solomon needs to get a place in Christian worship readings, but before entering the general reading of the Song of Solomon it is necessary to study it specifically to avoid misunderstanding the theological meaning in every word and sentence that has an erotic feel.

Kitab Kidung Agung adalah salah satu kitab Puisi. Kitab ini telah diterima dalam kanonisasi sebagai tulisan yang diilhamkan oleh Allah. Kitab ini banyak mendapatkan serangan dan kritikan sebagai kitab yang tidak pantas disebut sebagai firman Allah karena ada banyak kalimat yang bernuansa erotis, implikasi secara fenomenologis kitab ini jarang mendapatkan porsi dalam pembacaan di Ibadah Kristen, bahkan mayoritas umat Kristen menyarankan untuk tidak menggunakan kitab Kidung Agung sebagai pembacaan dalam konteks umum dan hanya dibaca dalam kelas khusus dan fenomena tersebut terjadi dalam konteks Mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Teologi. Selain itu kitab Kidung Agung juga menimbulkan perdebatan dalam hal pendekatan pembacaan kitab. Melalui metode kualitatif secara khusus melakukan analisis deskriptif dan fenomenologis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kitab Kidung Agung perlu mendapatkan tempat dalam pembacaan di ibadah Kristen, namun sebelum memasuki pembacaan umum kitab Kidung Agung perlu dipelajari secara khusus untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman makna teologis dalam setiap kata dan kalimat yang bernuansa erotik.
Variation in soluble extractives, lignin and holocellose content of wood of high resin yielders and check trees in Chirpine (Pinus Roxburghii Sargent)
Authors: Nimkar Ashish , Sharma Kulwant , Nimkar Soniya
Published: June 2022

The present studies were conducted on variation in soluble extractives, lignin and holocellose content of wood of high resin yielders (HRYs) and check trees in Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii). The data on cold and hot water solubility, alcohol-benzene solubility, lignin content and holocellulose content of wood exhibited significant variation in different high resin yielders and check trees in Chir pine. Among different marked trees, the highest cold water solubility and hot water solubility was noticed in Jhojonbailly-check. UHF-4 HRY recorded maximum percentage of alcohol-benzene solubility. Lowest cold and hot water solubility was obtained for Ghandir-1 and minimum per cent of alcohol-benzene solubility was recorded in Sarkaghat check. Maximum percentage of lignin and holocellulose content was observed in Bumbloo-check and UHF-4 HRY, respectively. Whereas, minimum percentage of lignin and holocellulose was found in Hareta Road-6 and Platu-2 HRY, respectively.
A non-destructive rapid method for estimation of leaf area in naturally grown Neem (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss.) and Pongamia (Pongamia Pinnata L. Pierre)
Authors: Manu A. , Anil H. , Prasanna K. , Gowda Balakrishna , Karaba Nataraja
Published: June 2022

Leaf area measurement can be a time consuming process and requires sophisticated electronic instruments. The objective of this research was to develop a simple, accurate, non-destructive and time saving predictive model for leaf area (LA) estimation in Neem and Pongamia. In the present study the authors have developed a regression equation (RE) and a fixed coefficient (FC) to calculate the LA of Neem and Pongamia plants of five year age class grown in natural conditions. The regression equation, Leaf area = L*W*0.6585 - 0.9828 for Pongamia and Leaf area = L*W*0.465x + 0.8781 for Neem was derived by taking actual leaf area as dependent variable and product of L and W, as independent variable (r = 0.97 for Pongamia and r = 0.86 for Neem.) The FC calculated by taking the ratio of actual to product of L and W was found to be 0.634 for Pongamia and 0.572 for Neem. The equation and coefficient was validated and was found significant. The study indicates that either FC or RE can be used with precision to determine LA of Neem and Pongamia grown in natural condition, non-destructively. This type of short cut, rapid method is highly useful when a large number of provenances are to be tested or in places where instrumentation facility is not available.
Ethnomedicinal survey of district Haridwar, Uttarakhand with reference to climber plants
Authors: Ahamed Nafeesh , Neetu  , Gupta A.
Published: June 2022

The present paper describes ethnomedicinal climber plants of Haridwar district, Uttarakhand. An ethnomedicinal survey was conducted in study area; during 2005 and 30 species of medicinally important climbers under 24 genera and belonging to 13 families were found.
Architecture Stages and Features of Compositional Formations of Khachkars
Authors: Mkhitaryan Narine Emil , Avedian Sherly Andranik
Published: June 2022

The article touches upon the origin of khachkar art, symbolism, stages of compositional development, as well as characteristics of artistic means. Since the 9th century, khachkar art has become a means of expressing the spiritual aspirations, religious perceptions and ideas of the Armenian nation. Thousands of khachkars, being one of a kind, are scattered not only throughout the Republic of Armenia and Arcakh, but also in the territory of Historical Armenia, including Turkey and Nakhichevan, as well as the Armenian colonies. Unfortunately, thousands of khachkars have been destroyed by vandals, who have tried and are trying to erase the Armenian trace outside the territory of present-day Armenia. The study aims at systematical presentation of the sequence of the phased development of khachkars, the compositionl, ornamental and national features typical of each period. We think that any research devoted to those purely Armenian monuments is still up-to-date and can enrich the list of scientific works dedicated to Armenian culture.
The Technological Alternatives for Energy and Hydraulic Improvements
Authors: Sahakyan Aram Ashot , Tsurikova Elena Gennady
Published: June 2022

The problem of converting attenuated hydraulic energy into power energy in an artificial local resistance unit placed on a gravity drinking water pipeline (outlet control valve, pressure regulator) without disrupting the hydraulic regime of the water pipeline is examined. It is recommended to replace the regulator with the same resistance hydraulic turbine, and thus, with its corrective device, automatically adjust the consumption outlet of the water pipe.  The energy and economic data of the hydraulic turbine unit to be built on the «Arzakan-Yerevan» drinking water main pipelines have been presented as an example of proposal implementation. According to estimations, the small hydroelectric power plant on the Yerevan water pipeline could produce 90 million kWh of electricity per year. It should be noted that the water supply system in Yerevan has around 300 half-open valves and pressure control devices, and in case of conversion of many of them, it is possible to apply the suggestion given in the article.
The Effectiveness of ICT Integration in Teaching Science Concepts
Authors: Lagura Romelyn
Published: June 2022

This study determined the effectiveness of ICT in teaching science concepts. This study utilized a true experimental design, specifically the pretest-posttest two-group design. A teacher- made test was used as pretest and posttest to assess the pupils’ level of knowledge about science concepts. The subject of the study was a rural school in Ilocos Norte. One class was assigned as the control group while the other was the experimental group. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentage distributions, means, standard deviations, t-test of correlated of dependent samples and t-test of difference. The results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest mean scores of the two groups with their posttest mean scores being significantly higher than their pretest mean scores, indicating that the two methods were effective in teaching Science concepts.  However, the results of the t-test of difference between the posttest mean scores of the two groups showed that the posttest mean score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group.  This implied that the ICT integration were more effective than the lecture-discussion method in teaching science concepts to the grade five pupils.
Comparative Effects of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Corchorus olitorius Plant on Haematology and Some Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats (Wistar Strain)
Authors: Oyeyemi Matthew Olugbenga
Published: June 2022

Corchorus olitorius is a vegetable plant/shrub and the leaves are very nutritious and rich in vitamins, minerals and dietary fibers. The study was carried out to identify the effects two extracts of this plant on the reproductive indices of male Wistar rats

Forty-five adult male rats of about 12 weeks old, each weighing about 120g were used for this study, kept in a cage and fed with commercial rat pellets and water was given at ad-libitum. They were randomly divided into groups A, B and C of 15 rats per group. 250mg/kg of the leaf extract was administered orogastrically using once daily for 21 days. Group A and B were treated with methanol and aqueous leaves of Corchorus extract respectively and Group C was given distilled water and served as the control. The weekly sacrifice of five rats per group was done following

treatments. In this study, it was observed at the first-week post -treatment that there was significant (p≤0.05) decrease in the PCV and haemoglobin values of group A rats compared to the control group but the values later increased at the second week and third-week post-treatments. There was also a significant decrease in spermatozoa motility in the treated groups A and B compared to the control group C at the first, second- and third-week post treatments. Also, with the results of the serum testosterone level of group A and B compared to group C. The value was higher in group A followed by group B whereas, at the second week and third week, there was no significant difference in the values of the serum testosterone levels compared to the control groups.

It is therefore concluded that the methanol and aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves significantly decreased sperm motility in male albino rats hence could decrease male fertility.
Effects of Ruzu, a Polyherbal Mixture, on Neurobehaviour and Expression of Serotonin and Dopamine Transporters in Rats
Authors: Oyadeyi Ayodele , Ajao Folasade , Babalola Temitope , Mustapha Yusuf
Published: June 2022

There is increased possibility that combined herbal constituents may interact to increase toxicity and lower efficacy. Ruzu herbal bitters (RHB) is a blend of extracts from Curculigo pilosa, Uvaria chamae, and Citrullus colocynthis, each of which has been shown to possess important bio-effects. There is anecdotal evidence for efficacy of RHB in neurological disorders; however, there are no data on possible neurotoxic effects of RHB. Using behavioural, biochemical and molecular indices as surrogates of neurotoxicity, this study therefore evaluated the nervous system effects of RHB. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups – a control group and RHB group (n=10). RHB (0.5ml/kg) was administered to the RHB group twice daily while control group took water (0.5ml/kg). Treatments lasted 6 weeks after which behavioural tests were carried out. Animals were subsequently sacrificed and the expression of serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT) was determined in the striatum by immunofluorescence while specific activities of catalase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyltransferase were determined. In the elevated plus maze and light and dark box tests which are models of anxiety, animals treated with RHB showed significant anxiety compared to control. They also showed impaired locomotor activity in the open field and wire hang tests. The activity of catalase was significantly increased in the brain of the RHB treated rats while an increase in the expression of both DAT and SERT was observed in the striatum
Socio-Pedagogical Role of General Education Teachers in Supporting Personal Development
Authors: Damyanov Kaloyan
Published: June 2022

The socio-pedagogical role of general education teachers is an integral part of their professional status in kindergartens and schools. In recent years in Bulgaria, with the development of the concept of inclusive education, the responsibilities of pedagogical specialists in terms of providing support for personal development have increased. These responsibilities are also the basis of the socio-pedagogical construction as a prerequisite for the development of pedagogical competencies. This article presents parts of a research among pedagogical specialists to recognise socio-pedagogical support as their essential professional competence in modern education.
The Competence Approach in Education
Authors: Krasteva Antoniya
Published: June 2022

In this article, the competence approach is considered fundamental to modern educational philosophy. It is accepted as part of the reforms in education. The concepts of ‘competence’ and ‘competences’ are analysed. Separate opinions of the author are given on these concepts. The types of competences/competencies are defined according to individual views and ideas of the author. Special attention is paid to the professional competence of the teacher.
An Unexpected Aspect of Slavery?
Authors: Markova Kremena
Published: June 2022

This article states the hypothesis of the social origin of two representatives of the Eastern Orthodox Church clergy in the period between the 9th and 12th centuries. Bishop Sergii, who was a eunuch, took the Belgrade Bishopric during the rule of Knyaz Boris I. Mikhail, who was called Maxim, was a bishop of Ohrid in the 1120s. It is an indisputable fact that both of them were eunuchs, and this contradicts one of the basic rules of the Church about cheirotonia (ordination). It is specified in which cases persons with impaired “physical integrity” and disabilities were allowed to be elected and to hold senior Church positions. The sources analyzed point towards a slave origin of both of them. The author proposes the thesis that the ideal (desired) model of construction of the Eastern Orthodox Church has been corrected during its long-term history by practice through a real model, which, in some cases, radically contradicts the basic, declared rules.
Church Building in Northeastern Bulgaria During the 1850s – 1870s
Authors: Nedelcheva Nevena , Dzhafer Aldzhan
Published: June 2022

This report presents the construction of churches in Eski Juma, Osman Pazar, Hezargrad, and in several other settlements in the 1850s – 1870s. It also focuses on the procedures for building churches and on the reasons for their mass construction in the region under review during this period. The study analyzes the applications of the population, their reasons, and the ethnic composition of the settlements studied. In addition, the paper discusses issues concerning the construction of the churches themselves, their size, organization, and financing.
People of the four dimensions: a social-artistic-aesthetic reflection on media reality in the early stories of Arkady Averchenko
Authors: Shestakova Eleonora
Published: June 2022

Since the 20th century, journalism, more broadly – media communications and related phenomena, have gradually become one of the leading factors in the existence of the social and everyday spheres of culture. Averchenko, a professional journalist and satirical writer, was one of the first to feel the approach and comprehend those phenomena that during the twentieth century, and then in the 21st century, would turn out to be the usual habitat and socio-cultural language of an ordinary person. It is not so much about the peculiarities of the mass person and his/her type of consciousness, which has long been the subject of study, as about the foundations, principles and mechanisms of PR-communication, media effects, and the specific conventionality of media-reality, which Averchenko, taking into account the first decades of the 20th century, outlined and described clearly. Using a double coordinate system (the relationship between the view of a journalist and the position of a traditional realist writer entrenched in the Russian socio-literary process), updating it with comic aesthetics, Averchenko managed – in the stories of the 1910s – to discover and show those main threats, traps and problems that implicitly contain media reality.
Effectiveness of Face Masks and Respiratory Aid Devices for Prophylaxis against COVID-19
Authors: Hussain Shabbir , Faizan Muhammad , Javed Mohsin , Ahmad Muhammad , Nadeem Sohail , Feroz Farah , Rauf Abdur , Rasool Lubna , Ibrar Aliya , Ibrar Aliya , Fatima Mariyam
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 epidemic was spread rapidly around the world in 2019, and has greatly affected peoples general interaction, their work habits, dailylives and businesses. A personnel protection against the spread of COVID-19 is not only beneficial but is critically important especially for those working in medical fields. Current studies were performed to review the use and benefits of face mask and respiratory aid devices in order to control the spread of COVID-19. The respiratory aids devices (RADs) may be recommended as anti-COVID-19 masks rather than surgical masks. However, RADs having P and R series filters do not prevent the infiltration of coronavirus due to its smaller size as compared to the filtration capacity of filters. The N99 and N100 filters cause a difficulty inbreathing; it is difficult to wear such sort of respirators for a longer time. N95 respirators are recommended by medical professionals as they provide lesser(almost half) respiratory resistance. However, wearing of face masks is also involved some risks and side effects which may include physiological and disturbing effects, difficulty in breathing, affecting the volume and quality of sound, decrease of innate immunity, cardiopulmonary overload and increase in contamination chances due to development of humid habitat inside the mask.
MECHANICAL AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE – A REVIEW
Authors: ElKhatib Lelian , Al Aridi Fadi , ElKordi Adel , Khatib Jamal
Published: June 2022

Owing to the ongoing increase in human population, there is a need for more construction projects including residential buildings and other amenities. Concrete is by far the dominant material used in construction and cement is a main ingredient. Cement manufacture is an energy intensive process and emit large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A reduction in the amount of cement used in construction is greatly beneficial. The use of geopolymer or alkali activated materials can serve this purpose as it attempts to totally replace cement in concrete. Geopolymers are materials that consist mainly of silica and alumina materials and activated using alkali such as sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. This paper attempts to review recent articles on the production and properties of geopolymers and alkali activated materials. Different hardened, structural, and durability properties are studied. These include; compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, shrinkage, expansion, creep, weight loss, carbonation, sulfate, and corrosion.
Crisis Communication Strategy PT. PLN (Persero) in Responding to Electric Blackout in Jakarta in 2019
Authors: Nurulhuda Istikhana , Wulandari Maulina Pia , Prasetyo Bambang Dwi
Published: June 2022

Electricity is a primary need for people in the world, including Indonesia. PT. PLN (Persero) is the only electric company in Indonesia that provides electricity. The electricity blackout that occurred on August 4, 2019 in Jakarta as well as in several areas in West Java, Banten and Central Java paralyzed residents' activities, public services and industry. Using descriptive qualitative methods based on Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) with data collected through documents in the form of news related to the electricity blackout, this study tries to identify and describe how the Public Relations of PT. PLN (Persero) as a company that provides electricity uses a strategy to manage and deal with the crisis. The results of this study indicate that the Public Relations of PT. PLN (Persero) uses a combination of primary crisis response strategies between a reduction strategy (minimized) and a rebuild strategy (rebuild). In addition, they also use a secondary crisis response strategy in the form of a boosting strategy and a victim strategy.
a Student Perceptions of Madura State Polytechnic Health Department on Covid 19 Vaccination
Authors: Syakura Abdan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: There are still many people who are against the vaccine even though it has gone through the clinical trial stages according to the standard. Students are agents of change. Students as part of the public's mind are expected to be able to become pioneers of successor to health information sources to the community. This study aims to determine Student Perceptions of the Madura State Polytechnic Health Department on Covid 19 Vaccination. Methods: The design used in this study was a descriptive design. The population in this study were all students of level I, II and III academic year 2021-2022, Madura State Polytechnic Health Department, taken using a sampling technique using a non-probability cluster sampling technique. Data analysis used descriptive data analysis, descriptive data analysis explained the indicators of questionnaire analysis of each variable. Results: The results showed that most of the students of the Department of Health (94%) had a positive perception of the covid-19 vaccination. Conclusion: Students as part of the academic community are one of the important aspects in changing behavior in people's lives. Students are the delivery of information as well as part of the component of delivering good, correct, and educative information to the community. Positive student perceptions about vaccination and prevention of transmission as well as improving healthy lifestyles are expected to be able to provide more value in the development of public health status
Methods of forecasting the long-term electricity in Ninh Thuan province in the period of 2021 - 2030, with a vision to 2045
Authors: Nguyen Trung Tuyen  , Bui Duc Hung  , Tran Van Huy  , Dang quoc Vuong , Le Thi Minh Chau
Published: June 2022

The energy industry plays an extremely important role, especially in the fields of electricity. In order to develop sustainably and ensure national energy security, the forcast computation of electricity loads in Ninh Thuan province in particular and Viet Nam in general is an urgent problem that is always topical for domestic and foreign researchers. This is the basis to make a developed method of electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substations) in Ninh Thuan province. In this paper, the energy economic method (Eviews) and the direct method based on the spatial development scenario are developed to calculate and forecast electricity loads of Ninh Thuan province in the period of 2021-2030, with a long-term vision of 2045.