bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Proportion and Drying Time on the Characteristics of Aloe Vera Skin (Aloe vera)-Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Tea
Authors: Ningsih Jian Permani , Azara Rima , Hudi Lukman
Published: September 2022

Aloe vera skin tea is an herbal tea made from the waste of the aloe vera plant, it tastes bitter, and the unpleasant scent makes this tea less desirable. Therefore, other additives such as pineapple are needed which have a sweet and fresh taste and a strong scent so that they can mask the taste and scent of the aloe vera skin. In addition, pineapple also contains vitamin C which is efficacious as an antioxidant. Seeing the excellent benefits of the two, then the two can be combined into a product, namely aloe vera skin – pineapple tea which is expected to be able to add flavor and nutritional content. This study was conducted using a factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK) with the first factor, namely the ratio of aloe vera and pineapple skin consisting of 3 treatment levels, namely: (25%:75%, 50%:50%, and 75%:25%) and the second factor is the drying time (6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed using ANOVA then followed by the Honest Significant Difference (BNJ) test at a 5% level and a hedonic scale organoleptic test. The results showed that the highest values of water content parameters were 21,04%, vitamin C 5,28%, antioxidant activity 124,47 µg/ml, aroma organoleptic 3.63, and taste organoleptic 3.43.
Muhammadiyah 1 Taman SMA Library Information System
Authors: Rachman Nouval Aulia , Eviyanti Ade , Hindarto Hindarto
Published: September 2022

The library is a work unit to store, manage collections of books or other libraries so that many people can use them as sources of information, previously when in the library, if you want to find the desired book or want to borrow books, then you have to look for the books one by one. But now everything has developed rapidly, where with the existence of information technology, everything can be done without having to be complicated. SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Taman is one of the institutions that has not implemented information technology in the library sector, the SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Taman library still uses conventional methods in terms of borrowing books, by writing loans on paper at the back of the book, the problem that often occurs is that the note paper is lost and also books that are lost because of the large number of books, therefore the purpose of this research is to create a system that can facilitate the process of borrowing and returning books and can maintain the availability of existing books. The method used for making the system is the waterfall method and has two stages of testing, alpha and beta. Therefore, a library information system for SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Taman was created which has two roles, members and librarian which can make it easier for librarian to serve students in borrowing books, and students can also find out the availability of the desired book without having to take the book directly into the library rack.
Application of Online Food Sales Based on Android (A Case Study of UMKM Pink Donuts)
Authors: Permana Okyk Fauzi Yudha , Azizah Nuril Lutvi
Published: September 2022

MSMEs Pink Donuts is a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise business that is engaged in the sale of a variety of donuts that are sold in general to the public. At this time the Pink Donuts sales system still uses an offline system, this makes it difficult for buyers who have to go to the offline outlet and manually record orders from buyers. Based on the analysis of the problems faced by Pink Donuts MSMEs, then one way to be taken is to create an Android-based application to make it easier for buyers and the performance of Pink Donuts MSMEs owners. Applications are made using Open Source IDE Tools, namely Kodular, and PHP as the programming language with MySQL as database management. The final result obtained is an android-based online food sales information system used by Pink Donuts MSMEs. This system is able to provide food menu promotions at Outlets with payment through the Cash On Delivery (COD) system and it is hoped that Pink Donuts will become an MSMEs Go Digital.
Sensory Evaluation of Instant Drink Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Using the Ranking Method
Authors: Widayanti Silvi , Nurbaya Syarifa Ramadhani
Published: September 2022

Red guava is a fruit that is in great demand by consumers because it is nutritious for the health of the body. Red guava is widely used for juice or eaten fresh. However, fresh guava fruit and guava juice cannot be stored for long, because they have a high water content. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further treatment so that nutritional needs can be maintained and can be extended by making instant drink powder using the foam mat drying method. The main purpose of this research is to produce instant powder drink that can be accepted by respondents and to know the level of respondent's preference for red guava juice. The method in this study uses the ranking test method. The panelists in the study were students of the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo who opened 30 people. Instant drink of red guava juice with a ratio of red guava powder with a sucrose concentration of 10%, 20%, and 30% with a proportion of water 1:5, 1:10 and 1:15. It can be said that there is a significant effect on the aroma, taste, texture and color as well as the level of respondent's preference for the red guava juice drink produced. Sensory data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. If it shows a significant result, then it is continued with a significant difference test using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that there were significant differences in each treatment.
Productivity Measurement Analysis Using Multi Factor Productivity Measurement Model (MFPMM) At PT. Primabox Adiperkasa
Authors: Syafiudin Much , Putra Boy Isma , Jakaria Ribangun Bamban , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: September 2022

PT Primabox Adi Perkasa is a company located on Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto, Sumber Gedang, Pandaan, Pasuruan. This company is engaged in manufacturing, namely the production of cardboard boxes. This company can produce up to 550,000 pcs of cardboard boxes per year, employing 300 employees. The problem that arises in the company is caused by changes in the price of raw materials or materials which make changes in costs that must be considered in the production proces. Measuring productivity by using the Multi-Factor Productivity Measurement Model (MFPMM). This method is used to make it easier to measure changes in previous performance, controllers, and controllers of current company performance and can assess and evaluate the effect of profitability resulting from changes in productivity.The results of the research on Productivity Measurement Analysis Using the Multi-Factor Productivity Measurement Model (MFPMM) obtained the productivity index of used cardboard 89.69%, glue 97.72%, electricity 100.79%, fuel 82.24%, oil 109.61%, and The workforce is 123.75%.
Web-Based Tourism Bus Rental Web-Based Tourism Bus Rental
Authors: Maldini Padova Bima , Eviyanti Ade
Published: September 2022

Advances in information technology, encourage many people to create the latest innovations for humans in disseminating information and obtaining information. Information that used to take a lot of time but in this case can be accessed in a matter of seconds we can receive the information, and it is the company's obligation to provide this information so that it can be quickly and easily accepted by all consumers. Po MWD 555 has several units and types of buses, such as big buses, medium buses, which in the provision of this type of bus will be adjusted to the needs of the tenants. Inside the bus, facilities such as air conditioning, TV, blankets and pillows are also provided so that customers feel at home and comfortable when renting a bus. In this study, the author uses the Waterfall method as the process or flow of the research to be carried out. The test results of the applications that have been made get the results that all the features and functions of the system can run according to what has been designed. In addition, the author also tested using the UAT method to get a percentage value of 96% so it can be concluded that this application can be accepted by users.
Utilization of Microservices for E-portfolio Digital Document Management Based on Telegram Bot
Authors: Anam Mochammad Choirul , Irwan
Published: September 2022

In the current era of globalization, people's needs for information technology are increasing. This can be seen from the community's behavior in responding to various events that occur, especially during the current pandemic. Many large companies make it easy for people to connect through social media. One of the social media available is a telegram. Educational institutions also use Telegram as a means of information and education. Besides that, telegram bots also play an important role in answering common questions that are often developed so that institutions do not need to answer them manually. The method used is RAD (Rapid Application Development) and black box testing by utilizing microservices to manage digital E-Portfolio documents used by students to support learning activities. Using the telegram bot makes it easier for students to upload digital documents to the e-Portfolio platform. Moreover, utilizing the microservice architecture can reduce the server load when accessed simultaneously and is more secure because the database layer is separate from the interface layer accessed by the user.
The Potential of Centong Cactus (Opuntia cochenillifera) as a Remediation Agent for Sidoarjo Mud Polluted Soil with Indicators of Fe Content Reduction and Plant Growth
Authors: Cahyati Alifia , Arifin Saiful , Abror M
Published: September 2022

Iron (Fe) is one of the heavy metals with high levels in Sidoarjo mud and is toxic to cultivated plants. This study aims to measure the potential of Centong Cactus (Opuntia cochenillifera) as a candidate for soil remediation agent in Sidoarjo Mud contaminated land by using soil Fe uptake and plant growth as indicators. This research was carried out for 3 months from December to March 2022 in the yard of Gebang Village, Sidoarjo District. This study used the correlational regression method to determine the relationship between 0-30% content of Sidoarjo mud with Fe content and various plant growth parameters. The data were statistically processed using regression at the 95% confidence level to determine the significance of the effect and the correlation between the mud content and the decrease in soil Fe content and plant growth. The results showed that there was an increase in soil Fe uptake by plants and a decrease in plant growth with an increase in silt content in the soil of the growing media. O. Cochenillifera has the potential as a candidate for phytoremediation agents that can be applied to areas exposed to Sidoarjo mud, especially for its use to reduce Fe metal levels.
Effect of Additional Stabilities (CMC) and Citric Acid in Red Guava Juice (Psidium Guajava L.)
Authors: Firdaus Ahmad Syauqi , Azara Rima
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of adding a stabilizer (CMC) to guava juice and to determine the effect of adding citric acid to guava juice. this research was conducted at the laboratory of product development and food analysis of the food technology study program, faculty of science, and technology, university of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo from October to December 2021 using a factorial randomized design on guava juice. the first factor is the concentration of CMC namely (0,2%, 0,5% and 0,7%), the second factor is the concentration of citric acid, namely (0,2%, 0,3% and 0,4%). the organoleptic test was analyzed using the Friedman test. the results showed that the concentration of CMC and citric acid had a significant difference from the results for the texture organoleptic test. the best treatment was guava juice with a CMC concentration of 0.7% and citric acid concentration of 0.4% which showed an aroma organoleptic test of 3.00 (ordinary), texture organoleptic test of 3.30 (usual-like), and taste organoleptic test of 2.90 (dislike- usual), color organoleptic test 3.17 (usually-like).
Investigations into the ice crystallization and freezing properties of the antifreeze protein ApAFP752
Authors: Asenath-Smith Emily , Jeng Emily , Ambrogi Emma , Hoch Garrett , Olivier Jason
Published: September 2022

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) allow biological organisms, including insects, fish, and plants, to survive in freezing temperatures. While in solution, AFPs impart cryoprotection by creating a thermal hysteresis (TH), imparting ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), and providing dynamic ice shaping (DIS). To leverage these ice-modulating effects of AFPs in other scenarios, a range of icing assays were performed with AFPs to investigate how AFPs interact with ice formation when tethered to a surface. In this work, we studied ApAFP752, an AFP from the beetle Anatolica polita, and first investigated whether removing the fusion protein attached during protein expression would result in a difference in freezing behavior. We performed optical microscopy to examine ice-crystal shape, micro-structure, and the recrystallization behavior of frozen droplets of AFP solutions. We developed a surface chemistry approach to tether these proteins to glass surfaces and conducted droplet-freezing experiments to probe the interactions of these proteins with ice formed on those surfaces. In solution, ApAFP752 did not show any DIS or TH, but it did show IRI capabilities. In surface studies, the freezing of AFP droplets on clean glass surfaces showed no dependence on concentration, and the results from freezing water droplets on AFP-decorated surfaces were inconclusive.
Paleocene (65–63 and 58.5 ma) marine flooding and 62–60 ma sediment bypass in southern Wyoming, U.S.A.: Implications for Laramide sediment flux to the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Wroblewski Anton F.-J. , Steel Ronald J.
Published: September 2022

Sedimentary structures unique to tidally influenced environments and unambiguously salinity-stressed marine ichnofossil assemblages in the lower Paleocene Ferris and upper Paleocene Hanna formations of Wyoming's Hanna Basin (HB) necessitate major revision of local and regional reconstructions of the Paleocene Western Interior Seaway (WIS). Preserved in sandy estuarine bars, sandy tidal flats, heterolithic distributary channels, bayhead delta, and flood-tide-delta deposits similar those in the modern Trinity River, its bayhead delta, and the San Luis Pass flood-tidal delta on the Texas coast, these these assemblages include Arenicolites, Bergaueria, Fuersichnus, Gyrochorte, Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Psilonichnus, Rhizocorallium, Rosselia, Siphonichnus, Skolithos, Spongeliomorpha, Taenidium, Thalassinoides, and tetrapod tracks. Mapping an ∼ 325-m-thick succession of lower Paleocene strata (65 to 63 Ma) around the western HB reveals a series of marine flooding events, each followed by coal accumulation. A similar, 170-m-thick succession of interfingering coastal-plain and restricted-marine strata occurs in the upper Paleocene (58.5 Ma) Hanna Formation, following accumulation of lacustrine and floodplain deposits and an episode of major gravel and cobble progradation from 62 to 60 Ma. These younger ichnofossils record the final major transgression of the WIS and have major implications for the depositional environment of the time-equivalent Waltman Shale in the Wind River Basin to the north and for sediment routing to the Gulf Coast Wilcox sands. Ichnofossils are an underutilized source of physicochemical proxy data that are lifting the veil from the cryptic Paleocene transgressions of the WIS that have for so long remained undetected because of the absence of open-marine body fossils.
Drilling Data Raise Questions About Time of Events and Calculations
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: September 2022

Two seemingly simple questions were raised by technical papers about drilling data: What formula did you use? What time did the event occur?

For anyone using data to analyze drilling performance or automate the process, getting both those things right is becoming increasingly important.

And as drilling relies more on digital controls and sophisticated analysis, getting those data wrong has become a serious problem.

One example is the standard measure used for the energy exerted to drill ahead—mechanical specific energy (MSE), for which there are multiple formulas to choose from. And even if the right one is used, its accuracy hangs on whether the needed steps were taken to properly gather the inputs to the formula.

Time sounds like a straightforward problem—just ensure all the clocks are in sync. The reality is that there are corporate firewalls blocking access to the reference clocks, a wide range of time-stamping practices, and an increasing amount of calculated data in the information stream based on inputs that are lost in calculation.

The MSE problem is simpler to solve but a lot of effort will be required to change the habits, and computer systems, supporting multiple formulas that can deliver significantly different results.

Different formulas for MSE and other drilling measures were created over the years for various reasons ranging from the creator’s research interests or a desire to limit the inputs needed for calculating MSE.

Pulldown menus on drilling data records have typically offered a menu of MSE options with names for formulas that vary; so, a user would need to know the formula to ensure the correct one was selected.

“When the pulldown menu offers a pick list with four types of MSE provided by the vendors, you do not know if you are using the right one now,” said Fred Dupriest, a Texas A&M professor who presented a paper on the issue at the IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition in March (SPE 208777).

The paper reported on the work of a committee of 15 industry experts who chose a standard MSE formula which was laid out in the paper. It described how to gather the inputs and assigned names for the two approved versions—one for computing energy at the drill bit, and the other that included the drillstring.

A second paper presented at the conference described the need to begin a long-term effort to define how to accurately measure, gather, and record time data (IADC/SPE 208732).

“If data is not aligned correctly, you are not going to get the right result,” said Pradeep Annaiyappa, a senior director at Nabors for digital data initiatives at the drilling company, when presenting the time-measurement and recordkeeping paper.
Coreflooding and Steady-State Principles Determine Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: September 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 209380, “Reaction Kinetics Determined From Coreflooding and Steady-State Principles for Stevns Klint and Kansas Chalk Injected With MgCl2 Brine at Reservoir Temperature,” by Pål Østebø Andersen, Reidar Inge Korsnes, and Andre Tvedt Olsen, University of Stavanger, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

A methodology is presented for determining reaction kinetics from coreflooding. A core is flooded with reactive brine at different compositions with injection rates varied systematically. Each combination is performed until steady state, when effluent concentrations no longer change significantly with time. The authors also propose shut-in tests where brine reacts statically with the core for a defined period and then is flushed out. The residence time and produced brine composition is compared with the flooding experiments. This design allows characterization of the reaction kinetics from a single core. The steady-state method allows computationally efficient matching even with complex reaction kinetics.

Introduction

The complete paper presents a methodology to interpret reactive flow experiments. The main principle is to focus on the steady-state data collected when effluent concentrations do not change further with time for given injected composition, injection rate, core properties, temperature, and pressure. Such measurements depend only on the dynamic equilibrium between reactions, advection, and to some extent dispersion, while transient events and mechanisms can be ignored. The authors hypothesize that, by measuring such data under different injected compositions, injected rates, and temperatures, characterization of reaction kinetics is possible with great detail. This is demonstrated by performance of reactive flow experiments on chalk cores at varied conditions with the purpose of collecting steady-state data. A key advantage from the interpretation perspective is that complicated reactive transport equations can be simplified by ignoring the changes in time and only simulating and matching the steady state. The experimental setup is detailed in the complete paper, as is a general description of advection-dispersion-reaction systems, a description of steady states in an advection-dispersion-reaction system and an advection-reaction system, and a theoretical description of a magnesium chloride (MgCl2)/calcite system.
Technology Focus: Health, Safety, and Environment (August 2022)
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: September 2022

This year’s selections for the HSE Technology Focus feature demonstrate that, while the upstream industry continues to incorporate and develop advances in automation and machine learning (ML), its professionals remain dedicated to safety and security, using these technologies to help maintain high standards and achieve new goals.

One of the primary paper selections focuses on ML applications in rig-training enhancement. A methodology using both a biometric wearable and an ML algorithm monitors operators’ stress levels during a simulated well-control incident. This allows operators to identify areas of low situational awareness and situation-specific areas in need of improvement.

This emphasis on ML and its effects on individual safety does not mean that familiar goals in HSE have changed, as the other two primary selections, focused upon mercury-contamination mitigation and solids management in produced fluids, illustrate. The former emphasizes a holistic approach, ranging from careful consideration of design parameters to speciation of mercury contaminants, to allow more-effective elimination. The latter discusses the problems posed by naturally occurring radioactive materials, and how these may be handled such that they come in minimal contact with offshore personnel. The authors use a North Sea case study to describe positive results experienced with a dual vessel desander with an interlocking valve design.

Recommended papers also explore a breadth of HSE topics, including the challenges inherent in cyberdefense of offshore drilling rigs, where sophisticated security threats have outpaced existing defense frameworks. Another also is devoted to mercury and the protection of pipelines and topside equipment therefrom. Finally, the third recommended paper takes a comprehensive approach in reviewing both innovations and gaps in pump-room design following a deadly 2015 explosion aboard a floating production, storage, and offloading vessel.

SPE provides a wealth of resources to assist industry professionals in bolstering and growing their HSE knowledge and their participation in professional development. The OnePetro online library is home to hundreds of relevant papers, and SPE Live offers dozens of in-depth interviews and discussions with industry HSE leaders. Both are valuable resources not only for professional advancement but also for the advancement of health, safety, and the environmental impact of the industry.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

OTC 31235 - Cyberdefence of Offshore Deepwater Drilling Rigs by Paola Rossi, NavalDome, et al.

SPE 208475 - Mercury Contamination of Process and Pipeline Infrastructure—A Novel, All‑Encompassing Solution for the Evaluation and Decontamination of Mercury From Pipelines and Topside Process Equipment To Allow Safe Disposal by Stuart Baker, Qa3, et al.

OTC 31639 - Guidance for Design and Operation of Pump Rooms Following the Explosion on the FPSO Cidade de São Mateus by Michael Duddy, MISC, et al.
Effect of vaporizing cannabis rich in cannabidiol on cannabinoid levels in blood and on driving ability: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Egloff Laura , Frei Priska , Gerlach Kathrin , Mercer-Chalmers-Bender Katja , Scheurer Eva
Published: September 2022

Objective: To determine cannabinoid-levels in blood and driving-related ability after single (S1) and repetitive (S2) vapor inhalation of cannabis low in Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), but high in cannabidiol (CBD).
Methods: In a prospective, randomized, cross-over study at the Institute of Forensic Medicine Basel, healthy adults (NS1=27, NS2=20) vapor-inhaled two low-THC/CBD-rich products (both <1% THC), and placebo.
Outcomes: i) THC- and CBD-levels in whole blood, ii) assessment of driving-related ability.
Results: Among 74 participants included, 27 (mean age ± SD, 28.9 ± 12.5 years) completed S1, and 20 (25.2 ± 4.0) completed S2. THC dropped below 1.5 µg/L after 1.5 h, but was detected up to 5 h. Pairwise comparison of driving-related ability revealed no significant differences between low-THC/CBD-rich products (P1, P2) and placebo (P1 - P2: β = 0.319 [95% CI, -1.731 to 2.368], p = 0.950; P1 - placebo: β = 0.854 [95% CI, -1.329 to 3.037], p = 0.724; P2 - placebo: β = 0.535 [95% CI, -1.632 to 2.702], p = 0.879).
Conclusions: Detection of THC after consumption of low-THC/CBD-rich cannabis might have legal consequences for drivers. Regarding overall driving-related ability, no significant differences were observed between interventional products.
Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00018836.
ReporTree: a surveillance-oriented tool to strengthen the linkage between pathogen genetic clusters and epidemiological data
Authors: Mixão Verónica , Pinto Miguel , Sobral Daniel , Pasquale Adriano Di , Gomes João Paulo , Borges Vitor
Published: September 2022

Background
Genomics-informed pathogen surveillance strengthens public health decision-making, playing an important role in infectious diseases’ prevention and control. A pivotal outcome of genomics surveillance is the identification of pathogen genetic clusters and their characterization in terms of geotemporal spread or linkage to clinical and demographic data. This task often consists of the visual exploration of (large) phylogenetic trees and associated metadata, being time consuming and difficult to reproduce.
Results
We developed ReporTree, a flexible bioinformatics pipeline that allows diving into the complexity of pathogen diversity to rapidly identify genetic clusters at any (or all) distance thresholds (e.g., high resolution thresholds used for outbreak detection or stable threshold ranges for nomenclature design) and to generate surveillance-oriented reports based on the available metadata, such as timespan, geography or vaccination/clinical status. By handling several input formats (SNP/allele matrices, trees/dendrograms, multiple sequence alignments, VCF files or distance matrices) and clustering methods, ReporTree is applicable to multiple pathogens, thus constituting a flexible resource that can be smoothly deployed in routine surveillance bioinformatics workflows with negligible computational and time costs. This is demonstrated through a benchmarking using core genome- (cg) or whole genome- (wg) Multiple Locus Sequence Type (MLST) (cg/wgMLST) datasets of four foodborne bacterial pathogens (each comprising more than a thousand isolates), in which genetic clusters at possible outbreak level were identified and reported in a matter of seconds. To further validate this tool, we reproduced a previous large-scale study on Neisseria gonorrhoeae, demonstrating how ReporTree is able to rapidly identify the main species genogroups and characterize them with key surveillance metadata (e.g, antibiotic resistance data). By providing examples for SARS-CoV-2 and the foodborne bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, we show how this tool is currently a useful asset in genomics-informed routine surveillance and outbreak detection of a wide variety of species.
Conclusions
In summary, ReporTree is a pan-pathogen tool for automated and reproducible identification and characterization of genetic clusters that contributes to a sustainable and efficient public health genomics-informed pathogen surveillance. ReporTree is implemented in python 3.8 and is freely available at https://github.com/insapathogenomics/ReporTree or as a Docker image at insapathogenomics/reportree.
Diphenylurea derivatives broadly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus infections by perturbing endocytic trafficking
Authors: Kumar Nirmal , Taily Irshad , Singh Charandeep , Kumar Sahil , Rajmani Raju S. , Chakraborty Debajyoti , Sharma Anshul , Singh Priyanka , Thakur Krishan Gopal , Varadarajan Raghavan , Ringe Rajesh P. , Banerjee Prabal , Banerjee Indranil
Published: September 2022

Rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) poses enormous challenge in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals, effective against the existing and emerging viral strains. Virus entry through endocytosis represents an attractive target for drug development, as inhibition of this early infection step should block downstream infection processes and potentially inhibit viruses sharing the same entry route. Through high-content screening, we have identified diphenylurea derivatives (DPUDs) as a new class of endocytosis inhibitors, which broadly restricted entry and replication of several SARS-CoV-2 and IAV strains in tissue culture cells, without affecting cell viability. We found, DPUDs transported chloride ions into the cell, and interfered with the endocytic machinery by perturbing intracellular chloride homeostasis. Finally, we tested DPUDs in mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. Treatment with DPUDs led to remarkable body weight recovery, improved survival, and significant reduction in lung viral load, indicating their potential as broad-acting antivirals.
Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control on Positioning and Anti-swing for Overhead Crane
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Fan Bo , Zhang Yifan , Huang Guoxing
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a novel positioning and anti-swing controller based on fuzzy sliding mode for an overhead crane. For the underactuated characteristics of the overhead crane, the trolley displacement and load swing angle are integrated into the same sliding mode surface. The boundness and convergence of each state on the sliding mode surface are analyzed. Appropriate fuzzy rules are introduced to adjust the control quantity to ensure that the system state is always on this surface. The sliding mode function is used to replace the tracking error signal to reduce the dependence of the control method on the system model, so that the control system has better robustness to parameter changes and external disturbances. The experiment and results analysis show that this proposed method can effectively deal with the dynamic deviation of the system model and external random disturbances. The load swing has a good suppression effect and the positioning of the trolley can be accomplished quickly and accurately. The proposed positioning and anti-swing controller based on fuzzy sliding mode is able to provide the high-quality and fast transportation of overhead cranes.
Weighted composition, Volterra and Integral operators on Hardy Zygmund-type spaces
Authors: Hassanlou Mostafa , Abbasi Ebrahim
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we investigate weighted composition, Volterra and Integral operators on second derivative Hardy spaces. Some equivalent conditionsfor boundedness of the operators will be given using the boundedness on the Hardy spaces. Also we give a criteria forcompactness of weighted composition operators.
Assessment of Cormic Index and other Anthropometric Parameters of young adults with Sickle Cell Anaemia in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Asafa Muritala A. , Bolarinwa Rahman A. , Oyewade Adeoye S. , Ahmed Ibrahim O. , Ogunlade Oluwadare
Published: September 2022

This study assessed the effect of Haemoglobin SS (Hb SS) on cormic index and some other body anthropometric indices among students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. A total of 100 young adults (18–40 years) participated in the study. They were classified into two groups; 50 cases (participants with Hb SS) and 50 control (participants with Hb AA) which were purposively selected after haemoglobin typing using electrophoresis method. The cases and controls were age-and sex-matched. The weight, sitting and standing height were measured by using Seca stadiometer-model 216 following standard protocol. Cormic index (CI%) was calculated using sitting height x 100/ standing height while the body mass index (BMI) and body surface area were calculated using Keys and Mosteller formulae respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and alpha value was set at p < 0.05. The mean values of weight in kg [54.39 ± 5.54 vs 60.48 ± 8.65 (t=- 4.195, p < 0.001], body mass index in kg/m2 [19.58 ± 2.08 vs 21.48 ± 2.91 (t = 6.068; p < 0.001)], cormic index in % [44.71 ± 6.05 vs 50.03 ± 1.33 (t = -3.760; p < 0.001)], subischial leg length in cm [92.22 ± 10.76 vs 83.84 ± 4.41 (p < 0.001; t = 5.092)] and body surface area in m2 [1.59 ± 0.09 vs 1.68 ± 0.14 (p < 0.001, t = -3.798)] of cases were significantly different from those of controls respectively. In conclusion, this study showed that Hb SS is associated with lower weight, sitting height, BMI, BSA and cormic index but higher subischial leg length when compared with Hb AA.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals affected by depression: Results of a CHAID-analysis
Authors: Czaplicki Andreas , Reich Hanna , Keil Daniel , Hegerl Ulrich
Published: September 2022

Background: Surveys show that the measures taken to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on individuals suffering from depression. The objective of the present work was to identify the socio-demographic and clinical groups within individuals affected by depression that were particularly affected by a worsening of their depression because of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures.
Methods: The analysis was based on a population-representative survey of the German resident population aged 18-69 years. The survey was conducted online from the 17 to the 28 February 2021. A CHAID analysis (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detectors) was carried out to identify particularly affected risk groups.
Results: With the CHAID analysis conducted, the findings on psychological distress from the COVID-19 pandemic response measures can be differentiated by identifying three groups among depressed individuals who are particularly affected by the COVID-19 measures: younger and middle-aged individuals (18-59 years) with recurrent or chronic depression, older individuals (60-69 years) with recurrent or chronic depression, younger respondents (18-29 years) with two to three depressive phases. For these groups of people, the measures taken to contain the COVID-19 pandemic led to a particularly severe deterioration in medical care. However, home isolation was also associated with significant impairment for this group of individuals.
Conclusion: The results confirm studies showing negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on younger people and studies showing negative effects among chronically ill patients. However, the results presented extend the findings because they indicate which combinations of these two characteristics are particularly important in people suffering from depression.
The effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumors resection on pituitary hormones: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nie Ding , Fang Qiuyue , Wong Wakam , Gui Songbai , Zhao Peng , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo
Published: September 2022

Purpose： Currently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is the main treatment for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNets). Excision of the tumor may have positive or negative effects on pituitary endocrine function and the pituitary function of somatotroph tumors is a point of particular concern after the operation. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumor resection on pituitary function.
Methods： A systematic literature search was conducted for articles that included the evaluation of pituitary target gland before and after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection and published between 1992 and 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, and Ovid MEDLINE.
Results： 68 studies that included biochemical remission rates in 4524 somatotroph tumors were concluded. According to the 2000 consensus, the biochemical remission rate after transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery was 66.4% (95%CI,0.622-0.703; P = 0.000), the biochemical remission rate was 56.2% according to the 2010 consensus (95%CI,0.503-0.620; P = 0.041), and with the rate of biochemical remission ranging from 30.0% to 91.7% with investigator's definition. After endoscopic resection, adrenal axis dysfunction was slightly higher than that before surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant. Hypothyroidism was 0.712 times higher risk than that before surgery（OR=0.712; 95%CI, 0.527-0.961; P=0.027). Hypogonadism was 0.541 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR=0.541; 95%CI,0.393-0.746; P = 0.000). Hyperprolactinemia was 0.131 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR=0.131; 95%CI,0.022-0.783; P = 0.026). The incidence of pituitary insufficiency was 1.344 times risk before surgery after endoscopic resection of somatotroph tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions： Although the biochemical response rate of patients with transsphenoidal endoscopic growth hormone tumor resection will be increased as endoscopic surgery matures, some patients still require postoperative treatment, including gamma-ray therapy or drug take-in. Long-term follow-up and drug replacement therapy are required for newly diagnosed pituitary dysfunction, while the existing preoperative hypophysis can be ameliorated to some extent.
Dynamics of a Stochastic and Deterministic SVIQRS Cholera Epidemic Model
Authors: Tessema Fikru Shiferaw , Bole Boka Kumsa , Koya Purnachandra Rao
Published: September 2022

In the present research paper, deterministic and the corresponding stochastic mathematical models describing the dynamics of cholera epidemic are presented by incorporating vaccination. The total population size of the model is divided into five compartments namely Susceptible , Vaccinated, Infected, Quarantined for treatment and Recovered class. Initially, the cholera model is developed, and is determined by a deterministic approach. Since this deterministic approach is not considering either environmental factors or the randomness process of the dynamics, a corresponding stochastic approach has been introduced. The model equations of both deterministic and stochastic cases have been proved to be positive and also bounded. Furthermore, for both the models, mathematical formulations of the basic reproduction numbers are developed by employing the next generation matrix method. The analysis shows that the basic reproduction number for determinis-tic approach is much greater than that for the stochastic one. Finally, numerical simulations are also performed. The simulation study has revealed that combination of a decrease in contact between infected and susceptible individuals, increasing vaccination coverage, creating awareness to reduce contact rate, increasing recovery rate with proper treatment, and environmental sanitation are the most basic control strategies so as to eliminate cholera disease from the community.
Naturalization of the Refugee South Sudanese Lost Boys in the Greater Kansas City Area.
Authors: Mabeya Danvas Ogeto
Published: September 2022

Granting American citizenship to immigrants by the United States Government remains to be the most significant indicator of apparent assimilation, other than marrying an American. In the past, the American political structure has promoted assimilation of immigrants into the mainstream society. For the refugee Sudanese Lost Boys in this study, some have either acquired permanent residency or U.S. citizenship by naturalization. During and after the interviews with the participants in this study, I was struck by the process and pattern under which these Boys acquired permanent residency or citizenship though resettled nearly the same time.
The study found, one of the most important factors that influenced acquisition of citizenship was social/economic. After more than a decade of resettlement, there was significant reverse trend in terms of acquisition of social/economic capital of those resettled as minors over those resettled as legal adults. The impact of their arbitrary assigned ages (minor’s vs Legal adults) proved problematic for most of the Boys; younger Boys did not enter the job market at a “low” level. The legal adults started earning an income, to the envy of minors who were not allowed to work at the time of their resettlement but as time went by there started to emerge a reverse trend of acquisition of capital.
QTL for resistance to black point caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in bread wheat
Authors: Gao Chuang , Song Gai li , Qu Ke fei , Li Meng yu , Jiang Yu mei , Yin Gui hong , Niu Ji shan , Tang Jian wei , Gao Yan , Li qiaoyun
Published: September 2022

Black point disease has emerged as a serious concern in wheat production worldwide. In this study, we aimed to identify the major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to black point caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS). A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between PZSCL6 (highly susceptible) and Yuyou1 (slightly susceptible) was evaluated for black point resistance at four locations under conditions of inoculation with B. sorokiniana. Thirty resistant and 30 susceptible RILs were selected to form resistant and susceptible bulks, respectively, that were genotyped by the wheat 660K SNP array. Two hundred and four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, among which 41(20.7%), 34 (17.2%), 22 (11.1%), 22 (11.1%) were located on chromosomes 5A, 5B, 4B and 5D, respectively. The genetic linkage map of RIL population was constructed using 150 polymorphic SSR and dCAPS markers. Finally, five QTL were detected on chromosomes 5A, 5B and 5D, designated QBB.hau-5A, QBB.hau-5B.1, QBB.hau-5B.2, QBB.hau-5D.1 and QBB.hau-5D.2, respectively. All resistance alleles were contributed by Yuyou1. QBB.hau-5D.1 may represent a new locus for black point resistance. The markers Xwmc654 and Xgwm174 linked to QBB.hau-5A and QBB.hau-5D.1, respectively, have potential utility in MAS-based breeding.
Can urban digitalization significantly improve carbon emission efficiency? Evidence from 282 cities in China
Authors: Guo Siliang , Ma Heng
Published: September 2022

Urban digitalization is a critical focus of economic development and low carbon transition. Recognizing how urban digitalization influences carbon emissions efficiency (CEE) is of great practical significance to high-quality urban development. Based on data from 2011-2019 at the municipal level in China, this paper adopts efficiency analysis and entropy value method to measure urban digitalization development and CEE and analyzes their spatial-temporal evolution characteristics. Moreover, this paper empirically tests the overall effect, time effect and spatial effect of urban digitalization on CEE as well as the effect pathway. According to research findings, urban digitalization has a significant stimulative influence over CEE. The promotion effect shows a trend of increasing over time. Urban digitalization has a positive spatial spillover effect on CEE of surrounding cities, which is conducive to accelerating the integration process of low-carbon development among cities. Urban digitalization improves CEE by raising the level of human and ICT capital and optimizing the industrial structure. The above conclusions still hold after robustness and endogenous tests. In addition, compared with cities in the eastern part of China and cities with low levels of digitalization, the promoting effect of urban digitalization on CEE is more significantly than that in the center and western part of China and cities with high digitalization levels. These discoveries have policy design reference value for the region to enhance the development strategy of urban digitalization and achieve a green development transition.
Physics-informed deep neural network for image denoising
Authors: Xypakis Emmanouil , de Turris Valeria , Gala Fabrizio , Ruocco Giancarlo , Leonetti Marco
Published: September 2022

We developed a physics-informed deep neural network architecture able to achieve signal-to-noise ratio improvements starting from low-exposure noisy data. Our model is based on the nature of the photon detection process characterized by a Poisson probability distribution, an information which we included in the training loss function. Our approach surpasses previous algorithm performance for microscopy images; moreover, the generality of the physical concepts employed here, makes it readily exportable to any imaging context.
Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among Chinese adolescents: a school-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Bingliang , Liu Xin , Lu Wenlong , Wu Xiaobing , Li Yanyan , Zhang Ziyang , Fu Rongyin , Zhang Luge , Xiong Jingfan
Published: September 2022

Background: Shenzhen has made great efforts to address the tobacco epidemic in the past decade. This study aims to evaluate the current status of the tobacco epidemic among adolescent in Shenzhen, China.
Methods: The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used in the school-based cross-sectional study in 2019 and a total of 7,423 junior and high school (both senior and vocational) students were recruited. Information on cigarette use was collected by the electronic questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between current cigarette use and associated factors. ORs with their 95% CIs were reported.
Results: The prevalence of current cigarette use among adolescents was 2.3%, with boys (3.4%) significantly higher than girls (1.0%). Smoking rates in junior high schools, senior high schools, and vocational senior high schools were 1.0%, 2.7%, and 4.1%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, age, parental smoking, teachers smoking in schools, friends smoking, exposure to tobacco marketing, and misconceptions about cigarette use were risk factors for adolescent smoking behaviour.
Conclusions: The prevalence of current smoking was relatively low among adolescent in Shenzhen, China. Personal characteristics, family, and school were associated with current adolescent smokers.