bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging cooperativity between Oct4 and Sox2 governs the pluripotency network in early mouse embryos
Authors: Hou Yanlin , Nie Zhengwen , Jiang Qi , Velychko Sergiy , Heising Sandra , Bedzhov Ivan , Wu Guangming , Adachi Kenjiro , Schöler Hans R.
Published: October 2023

During the first lineage segregation, mammalian embryos generate the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). ICM gives rise to the epiblast (EPI) that forms all cell types of the body, an ability referred to as pluripotency. The molecular mechanisms that induce pluripotency in embryos remain incompletely elucidated. Using knockout (KO) mouse models in conjunction with low-input ATAC-seq and RNA-seq, we found that Oct4 and Sox2 gradually come into play in the early ICM, coinciding with the initiation of Sox2 expression. Oct4 and Sox2 activate the pluripotency-related genes through the putative OCT-SOX enhancers in the early ICM. Furthermore, we observed a substantial reorganization of chromatin landscape and transcriptome from the morula to the early ICM stages, which was partially driven by Oct4 and Sox2, highlighting their pivotal role in promoting the developmental trajectory towards the ICM. Our study provides new insights into the establishment of the pluripotency network in mouse preimplantation embryos.
Identification and analysis of genomic regions influencing leaf morpho-physiological traits related to stress responses inDioscorea alata
Authors: Dossa Komivi , Houngbo Mahugnon Ezékiel , Irep Jean-Luc , Chair Hâna , Cornet Denis
Published: October 2023

Background

Yams (Dioscoreaspp.) are significant food security crops especially in West Africa. With the increasing tuber demand and climate change challenges, it is pertinent to strengthen breeding programs for developing high-yielding cultivars with climate resilience. The current study aimed at deciphering the genetic basis of leaf traits related to stress responses in a diverse panel ofDioscorea alatagenotypes.

Results

Phenotypic characterization of 12 traits, including leaf dry matter content, leaf area, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, transpiration use efficiency, stomatal density, stomatal index, node number, leaf thickness, competitor, stress-tolerator, ruderal (CSR) ecological strategy spectrum emphasized significant variations among the genotypes and across two planting locations. Weak correlations were observed among most of traits, suggesting that breeding simultaneously for some of these stress response-related traits would be possible. Heritability was highest for transpiration rate, leaf area and stomatal density, while it was lowest for stress-tolerator, ruderal ecological strategies. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) identified 24 significant associations on 11 chromosomes, where the association signals were consistent across two locations for traits with high heritability, viz., stomatal density (Chr18) and transpiration rate (Chr3). Further characterization of the significant signals and their related alleles identified advantageous alleles contributing positively to the studied traits. Moreover, 44 putative candidate genes were identified.Dioal.18G049300(3keto acyl-coenzyme A synthase)was identified as a strong candidate gene for stomatal density, whileDioal.12G033600(Phosphatidyl inositol monophosphate 5 kinase 4) was identified for net photosynthesis.

Conclusion

Taken together, GWAS and allele segregation analysis for key SNPs provided significant insights into the marker-trait associations, which can be further utilized in breeding programs to improve climate resilience in greater yam.
Foot orientation and trajectory variability in locomotion: effects of real-world terrain
Authors: Gibson Emma , Douglas Greg , Jeffries Katelyn , Delaurier Julianne , Chestnut Taylor , Charlton Jesse M.
Published: October 2023

Capturing human locomotion in nearly any environment or context is becoming increasingly feasible with wearable sensors, giving access to commonly encountered walking conditions. While important in expanding our understanding of locomotor biomechanics, these more variable environments present challenges to identify changes in data due to person-level factors among the varying environment-level factors. Our study examined foot-specific biomechanics while walking on terrain commonly encountered with the goal of understanding the extent to which these variables change due to terrain. We recruited healthy adults to walk at self-selected speeds on stairs, flat ground, and both shallow and steep sloped terrain. A pair of inertial measurement units were embedded in both shoes to capture foot biomechanics while walking. Foot orientation was calculated using a strapdown procedure and foot trajectory was determined by double integrating the linear acceleration. Stance time, swing time, cadence, sagittal and frontal orientations, stride length and width were extracted as discrete variables. These data were compared within-participant and across terrain conditions. The physical constraints of the stairs resulted in shorter stride lengths, less time spent in swing, toe-first foot contact, and higher variability during stair ascent specifically (p<0.05). Stride lengths increased when ascending compared to descending slopes, and the sagittal foot angle at initial contact was greatest in the steep slope descent condition (p<0.05). No differences were found between conditions for horizontal foot angle in midstance (p≥0.067). Our results show that walking on slopes creates differential changes in foot biomechanics depending on whether one is descending or ascending, and stairs require different biomechanics and gait timing than slopes or flat ground. This may be an important factor to consider when making comparisons of real-world walking bouts, as greater proportions of one terrain feature in a data set could create bias in the outcomes. Classifying terrain in unsupervised walking datasets would be helpful to avoid comparing metrics from different walking terrain scenarios.
Lipids with negative spontaneous curvature decrease the solubility of the cancer drug paclitaxel in liposomes
Authors: Steffes Victoria , MacDonald Scott , Crowe John , Murali Meena , Ewert Kai K. , Li Youli , Safinya Cyrus R.
Published: October 2023

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a hydrophobic small-molecule cancer drug that loads into the membrane (tail) region of lipid carriers such as liposomes and micelles. The development of improved lipid-based carriers of PTX is an important objective to generate chemotherapeutics with fewer side effects. The lipids 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) show propensity for fusion with other lipid membranes, which has led to their use in lipid vectors of nucleic acids. We hypothesized that DOPE and GMO could enhance PTX delivery to cells through a similar membrane fusion mechanism. As an important measure of drug carrier performance, we evaluated PTX solubility in cationic liposomes containing GMO or DOPE. Solubility was determined by time-dependent kinetic phase diagrams generated from direct observations of PTX crystal formation using differential-interference-contrast optical microscopy. Remarkably, PTX was much less soluble in these liposomes than in control cationic liposomes containing univalent cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC), which are not fusogenic. In particular, PTX was not substantially soluble in GMO-based cationic liposomes. The fusogenicity of DOPE and GMO is related to the negative spontaneous curvature of membranes containing these lipids, which drives formation of nonlamellar self-assembled phases (inverted hexagonal or gyroid cubic). We used synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering to determine whether PTX solubility is governed by lipid membrane structure (condensed with DNA in pellet form) or by local intermolecular interactions. The results suggest that local intermolecular interactions are of greater importance and that the negative spontaneous curvature-inducing lipids DOPE and GMO are not suitable components of lipid carriers for PTX delivery regardless of carrier structure.
ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss While Tempering Down the Immune Response
Authors: Lutze Richard D. , Ingersoll Matthew A. , Thotam Alena , Joseph Anjali , Fernandes Joshua , Teitz Tal
Published: October 2023

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a major cause of hearing impairment, yet no FDA-approved drugs exist to prevent it. Targeting the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cellular pathway has emerged as a promising approach to attenuate NIHL. Tizaterkib is an orally bioavailable, highly specific ERK1/2 inhibitor, currently in Phase-1 anticancer clinical trials. Here, we tested tizaterkib’s efficacy against permanent NIHL in mice at doses equivalent to what humans are currently prescribed in clinical trials. The drug given orally 24 hours after noise exposure, protected an average of 20-25 dB SPL in three frequencies, in female and male mice, had a therapeutic window >50, and did not confer additional protection to KSR1 genetic knockout mice, showing the drug works through the MAPK pathway. Tizaterkib shielded from noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy, and a 3-day, twice daily, treatment with the drug was the optimal determined regimen. Importantly, tizaterkib was shown to decrease the number of CD45 and CD68 positive immune cells in the cochlea following noise exposure, which could be part of the protective mechanism of MAPK inhibition.
The Effect of Synthetic Training Data on the Performance of a Deep Learning Based Markerless Biomechanics System
Authors: Templin Ty , Eliason Travis , Medjaouri Omar , Chambers David , Saylor Kase , Nicolella Daniel P.
Published: October 2023

As markerless motion capture technologies develop and mature, there is an increasing demand from the biomechanics community to provide kinematic data with the same level of accuracy as current gold standard methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how adding synthetic data to the training dataset of a deep learning based markerless biomechanics system impacts the accuracy of kinematic measurements during two functional movements. Synchronized video from multiple camera views was captured along with marker-based data from 9 subjects who performed 3 repetitions of countermovement jumps and squats. Including synthetic data to the training reduced lower limb error on average by 65.1% and 70.1% for the countermovement jump and squat movements, respectively. These results demonstrate the promising utility of supplementing the training of a deep learning markerless motion capture system with synthetic data.
Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 allows accurate measurement of GLP-1 secretion in mice
Authors: Smits Mark M. , Galsgaard Katrine D. , Jepsen Sara Lind , Albrechtsen Nicolai Wewer , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J.
Published: October 2023

Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 and neprilysin (NEP) within few minutes degrade glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in mice, generating small, inactive fragments of the peptide. Commercially available sandwich ELISA kits may not accurately detect intact GLP-1 (that is GLP-1[7–36]NH2) and these moieties, leading to underestimation of secretion and potentially misleading results. Single-site antibody approaches may pick up some fragments, yet require large plasma volumes and the accuracy is uncertain.

We aimed to find a way to stabilize GLP-1 in mice allowing reliable measurement with sensitive commercially available ELISA kits. Non-anesthetized male C57Bl/6JRj mice were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 2 g/kg glucose via oral gavage). Blood was drawn from the retrobulbar plexus before and repeatedly during the OGTT and total and intact GLP-1 were measured by commercially available sandwich ELISA kits (Mercodia and Alpco, respectively). In blood samples taken 15 minutes after the glucose load, there were no increase in plasma GLP-1 concentration. There was a small insignificant increase in total GLP-1 (1-2 pmol/L) in samples taken at t=5 and t=10 minutes following the OGTT, but no rise in intact GLP-1. We then administered control (saline), or a DPP-4 inhibitor (valine pyrrolidide, 0.1 µmol/g or sitagliptin, 10 mg/kg) with or without a NEP-inhibitor (sacubitril, 0.3 mg/kg) 30 minutes before the OGTT. In the four inhibitor groups, intact GLP-1 increased during the OGTT (levels ranging between 4.04 [SD 2.87] and 15.53 [SD 6.76] pmol/L). The combination of sitagliptin with sacubitril gave the largest increase in intact GLP-1 levels. Finally, after injecting male C57Bl/6JRj mice with a known dose of GLP-1(7–36)NH2, the peak GLP-1 levels were significantly higher during sitagliptin, but not with the combination of sitagliptin/sacubitril. Both inhibitor groups, however, showed prolonged half-life of the GLP-1 plasma disappearance.

We conclude that for measurements of GLP-1 secretion in mice with commercially available sandwich ELISA kits, it is necessary to consider both timing of blood sampling andin vivoinhibition of DPP-4. The described approach allows improved estimates of GLP-1 secretion for future studies. It is a limitation that DPP-4 and NEP inhibition may have metabolic effects by stabilizing the intact GLP-1 peptide (e.g. influencing levels of insulin and glucagon).
Sustainable production of 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine at high titer in engineeredCorynebacterium glutamicumusing statistical design of experiments
Authors: Srinivasan Aparajitha , Chen-Xiao Kevin , Banerjee Deepanwita , Oka Asun , Pidatala Venkataramana R , Eudes Aymerick , Simmons Blake A. , Eng Thomas , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila
Published: October 2023

Background

The industrial amino acid production workhorse,Corynebacterium glutamicumnaturally produces low levels of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a valuable flavor, fragrance and commodity chemical. We have previously reported serendipitous production of TMP inC. glutamicumstrains. In the present study, we demonstrate TMP production inC. glutamicumtype strain ATCC13032 via the expression of a heterologous TMP pathway in a defined medium followed by statistical design of experiments to understand the effect of the media composition on TMP production.

Results

TheC. glutamicumstrain engineered to overexpress acetolactate synthase and alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase fromLactococcus lactisproduced ∼0.8 g/L TMP in CGXII minimal medium supplemented with 40 g/L glucose in 24-deep well plates. This engineered strain also demonstrated growth and TMP production when the minimal medium was supplemented with up to 40% (v/v) hydrolysates derived from ionic liquid pretreated sorghum biomass. A screen for improvements in media composition on TMP titer was conducted using fractional factorial design that identified glucose and urea as significant components affecting TMP production. These two components were further optimized using response surface methodology. In the optimized CGXII medium, the engineered strain could produce up to 3.56 g/L TMP (4-fold enhancement in titers and 2-fold enhancement in yield, mol/mol) from 80 g/L glucose and 11.9 g/L urea in shake flask batch cultivation.

Conclusions

We engineered the industrially relevant host,C. glutamicumfor targeted production of TMP by heterologous expression of pathway proteins. We demonstrated the capability of the engineered strain for growth and TMP production utilizing real world carbon streams such as hydrolysates. We further identified glucose and urea as the key minimal media components significantly affecting TMP production using statistical media optimization.
40 Hz Steady-State Response in Human Auditory Cortex Is Shaped by GABAergic Neuronal Inhibition
Authors: Toso Alessandro , Wermuth Annika P. , Arazi Ayelet , Braun Anke , Jong Tineke Grent-‘t , Uhlhaas Peter J. , Donner Tobias H.
Published: October 2023

The 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR), an oscillatory brain response to periodically modulated auditory stimuli, is a promising, non-invasive physiological biomarker for schizophrenia and related neuropsychiatric disorders. The 40 Hz ASSR might be amplified by synaptic interactions in cortical circuits, which are, in turn, disturbed in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we tested whether the 40 Hz ASSR in human auditory cortex depends on two key synaptic components of neuronal interactions within cortical circuits: excitation via N-methyl-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptors and inhibition via gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) receptors. We combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings with placebo-controlled, low-dose pharmacological interventions in the same healthy human participants. All participants exhibited a robust 40 Hz ASSR in auditory cortices, especially in the right hemisphere, under placebo. The GABAA receptor-agonist lorazepam increased the amplitude of the 40 Hz ASSR, while no effect was detectable under the NMDA-blocker memantine. Our findings indicate that the 40 Hz ASSR in auditory cortex involves synaptic (and likely intracortical) inhibition via the GABA-A receptor, thus highlighting its utility as a mechanistic signature of cortical circuit dysfunctions involving GABAergic inhibition.

Significance statement

The 40 Hz auditory steady-state response is a candidate non-invasive biomarker for schizophrenia and related neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, the understanding of the synaptic basis of this neurophysiological signature in humans has remained incomplete. We combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings with placebo-controlled pharmacological interventions in healthy human subjects to test the modulation of the 40 Hz ASSR in auditory cortex by two synaptic components that have been implicated in the generation of neuronal oscillations in cortical microcircuits: glutamate N-methyl-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptors and gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) -A receptors. Boosting GABAergic transmission, but not blocking NMDA-receptors, increased the amplitude of this ASSR. Thus, GABAergic inhibition modulates 40 Hz steady-state responses in auditory cortex.
Three-dimensional localization of fluorescent proteins in livingEscherichia coli
Authors: Karempudi Praneeth , Gras Konrad , Amselem Elias , Zikrin Spartak , Elf Johan
Published: October 2023

3D localization of fluorescent proteins (FPs) in living bacteria has been challenging due to the low signal-to-background ratio of the FPs and the relatively uncertain positioning of the cells in the optical reference system. Using mother-machine microfluidic devices together with deep learning, we present an approach that enables accurate 3D localization of FPs inEscherichia coliover long periods. We describe a method to simulate ground truth training data for the deep learning network based on background models generated from experimental data. We test the method by studying how chromosomal loci are relocated in 3D over theE. colicell cycle. Since the cells are radially symmetric, we expect the same width and height distribution of fluorophores if the 3D positions are correctly determined. We observe this pattern experimentally for all the labelled loci on the chromosome. Interestingly, some loci are located exclusively in the periphery of the nucleoid, while others are more confined to the core of the nucleoid. This method enables studying any chromosomal loci inside livingE. colicells in high-throughput.
Engineering the soil bacteriumPseudomonas synxantha2-79 into a ratiometric bioreporter for phosphorus limitation
Authors: Larsson Elin M. , Murray Richard M. , Newman Dianne K.
Published: October 2023

Microbial bioreporters hold promise for addressing challenges in medical and environmental applications. However, the difficulty of ensuring their stable persistence and function within the target environment remains a challenge. One strategy is to integrate information about the host strain and target environment into the design-build-test cycle of the bioreporter itself. Here, we present a case study for such an environmentally-motivated design process by engineering the wheat commensal bacteriumPseudomonas synxantha2-79 into a ratiometric bioreporter for phosphorus limitation. Comparative analysis showed that an exogenous P-responsive promoter outperformed its native counterparts. This reporter can selectively sense and report phosphorus limitation at plant-relevant concentrations of 25-100µM without cross-activation from carbon or nitrogen limitation or high cell densities. Its performance is robust over a field-relevant pH range (5.8-8), and it responds only to inorganic phosphorus, even in the presence of common soil organic P. Finally, we used fluorescein-calibrated flow cytometry to assess whether the reporter’s performance in shaken liquid culture predict its performance in soil, finding that although the reporter is still functional at the bulk level, its variability in performance increases when grown in a soil slurry as compared to planktonic culture, with a fraction of the population not expressing the reporter proteins. Together, our environmentally-aware design process provides an example of how laboratory bioengineering efforts can generate microbes with greater promise to function reliably in their applied contexts.
Assessing the psychometric properties of a questionnaire evaluating the residents’ perception of peer assisted learning in emergency medicine residency program
Authors: Kabli Ammar , Eltouny Sarah , Gouda Enas
Published: October 2023

Purpose

This study aims to measure the perception of the residents regarding peer assisted learning in emergency medicine residency program as well as assessing the psychometric properties of the questionnaire used as the research tool.

Design/methodology/approach

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdullah Medical City, Saudi Arabia, Makkah on a Convenience sample of Emergency Medicine residents who completed peer assisted learning sessions. Data were collected through a questionnaire evaluating the residents’ perception of Peer Assisted Learning. Descriptive statistics were used and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) satisfaction questionnaire was tested for construct validity and reliability. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted. The reliability of the used questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s coefficient alpha.

Findings

The study showed that the PAL questionnaire yielded four factors. The four factors are labeled as the following: Factor 1: Cognitive congruence, Factor 2: Social congruence; Factor 3: Teaching skills in Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) session; and Factor 4: Professional development. These results indicated that questionnaire has a good structure validity. In addition, the study showed high internal consistency of the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient value for the total scale was 0.88. The perception of residents was assessed and results revealed residents’ satisfaction regarding Peer Assisted Learning.

Originality/value

Up to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which assessed the psychometric properties of a questionnaire measuring the residents’ perceptions regarding Peer Assisted Learning. The study contributed to improving information regarding the psychometric properties and usefulness of PAL questionnaire.
The environmental performance of agricultural production trusteeship from the perspective of planting carbon emissions
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Liu Yan , Shi Junhong
Published: October 2023

Purpose

In the context of carbon peaking and neutrality, effectively controlling agricultural carbon emissions has gained academic attention. As an essential form of agricultural service scale management, this study investigates whether and how trusteeship affects the carbon emission behavior in planting production.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors established a theoretical framework to analyze the impact of agricultural production trusteeship on carbon emissions from planting. China's provincial panel data in the 2012–2021 period were selected to test the impact, mechanisms and heterogeneity of agricultural production trusteeship on carbon emissions from planting using the bidirectional fixed effect model and the panel correction standard error regression model.

Findings

The findings indicate that agricultural production trusteeship significantly inhibits carbon emissions from planting, especially in the dimensions of fertilizer input, pesticide application, agricultural film use and mechanical fuel. Agricultural production trusteeship primarily affects the intensity of these carbon emissions through contiguous farmland management and planting structure adjustment. Further examinations revealed that the influence of agricultural production trusteeship on carbon emissions from planting was heterogeneous with respect to geographical location, proportion of non-farming income and scale of agricultural production.

Originality/value

This study is the first to systematically evaluate the impact of agricultural production trusteeship on carbon emissions from planting.
Exploring the relationship between social media use and anti-luxury behavior: implications for interactive marketing strategies
Authors: Le Hoang Tran Phuoc Mai , Park Jungkun , Nguyen Trang Thi , Yun Jeewoo
Published: October 2023

Purpose

The study explores different types of anti-luxurians on social media (SM), the characteristics of luxury brands, tendencies to disengage and the opposition to them to propose future directions for luxury marketing in the post-pandemic world.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach was employed, wherein 979 posts from SM platforms were analyzed with the text analytics software package KH Coder through word-frequency analysis and an inductive technique.

Findings

The analysis identified the presence of eight types of online anti-luxurians: true luxurians, nature-experienced lovers, life simplifiers, anti-haulers, highly expected consumers, natural environment protectors, antidiscrimination consumers and historic-politic antagonists. Their degree of disengagement and opposition were discussed and graphically mapped.

Originality/value

This is the first study to discover various types of anti-luxurians on SM platforms and graphically map their level of disengagement and opposition toward luxury brands. This study fills an existing critical gap in the luxury marketing literature.
Sustainability enablers with price-based preservation technology and carbon reduction investment in an inventory system to regulate emissions
Authors: Yadav Shikha , Borkar Aman , Khanna Aditi
Published: October 2023

Purpose

With the pressing need for environmental conservation, regulatory authorities are actively looking for measures to prevent global warming. In the proposed inventory model for deteriorating items, demand is dependent on the selling price and green technology investment (or carbon reduction investment) for the green product (GP), as well as an investment in price-based preservation technology to slow down the pace of deterioration. Furthermore, emission reduction measures are put in place to reduce carbon emissions (CEs).

Design/methodology/approach

The current study executed a thorough literature review to determine how to improve supply chain management performance. Furthermore, assumptions are made to fill research gaps, and a mathematical model is created to address the problem mentioned above. To collect the data, the available inventory literature was reviewed. Additionally, numerical illustrations and sensitivity analyses are presented to emphasize the model's robustness.

Findings

The research indicates that it is more prudent to invest in preservation technology based on its selling price in order to control the rate of deterioration. In addition, the proposed model facilitates the management of deteriorated waste through salvage trading and emission reduction investment. The findings validate sustainable practices with a 20.86% increase in profit and a 21.4% decrease in CEs, thereby signifying environmental and economic benefits.

Originality/value

The proposed model enhances understanding of the impact of investments in price-based preservation technology and carbon reduction efforts on consumer perceptions of their intention to purchase GPs. Moreover, the study provides valuable insights by identifying important recommendations for policymakers regarding areas that require further investigation. This guideline can help identify both current and unexplored gaps, enabling researchers to direct future research efforts toward producing new products.
How does AI-enabled HR analytics influence employee resilience: job crafting as a mediator and HRM system strength as a moderator
Authors: Xiao Qijie , Yan Jiaqi , Bamber Greg J.
Published: October 2023

Purpose

Based on the JD-R model and process-focused HRM perspective, this research paper aims to investigate the processes underlying the relationship between AI-enabled HR analytics and employee well-being outcomes (resilience) that received less attention in the AI-driven HRM literature. Specifically, this study aims to examine the indirect effect between AI-enabled HR analytics and employee resilience via job crafting, moderated by HRM system strength to highlight the contextual stimulus of AI-enabled HR analytics.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopted a time-lagged research design (one-month interval) to test the proposed hypotheses. The authors used two-wave surveys to collect data from 175 full-time hotel employees in China.

Findings

The findings indicated that employees' perceptions of AI-enabled HR analytics enhance their resilience. This study also found the mediation role of job crafting in the mentioned relationship. Moreover, the positive effects of AI-enabled HR analytics on employee resilience amplify in the presence of a strong HRM system.

Practical implications

Organizations that aim to utilize AI-enabled HR analytics to achieve organizational missions should also dedicate attention to its associated employee well-being outcomes.

Originality/value

This study enriched the literature with regard to AI-driven HRM in that it identifies the mediating role of job crafting and the moderating role of HRM system strength in the relationship between AI-enabled HR analytics and employee resilience.
Absence of interstitial lung disease at initial visit may predict a favorable outcome for Japanese patients with systemic sclerosis with anti–topoisomerase I antibody
Authors: Hamaguchi Yasuhito , Yoshimura Yukari , Horii Motoki , Fushida Natsumi , Kitano Tasuku , Sawada Kaori , Oishi Kyosuke , Maeda Shintaro , Watanabe Satoshi , Matsushita Takashi
Published: October 2023

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is recognized a prognostic factor and leading cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of the present study is to clarify factors at an initial visit that are associated with the deterioration of ILD in SSc patients with anti–topoisomerase I (anti–topo I) antibodies. This was a single‐center, retrospective, observational study. Fifty‐three consecutive SSc patients with anti–topo I antibodies were included in this study. Of the 53 patients, 43 had ILD at their initial visit, whereas 10 did not. We examined the clinical and immunological factors at an initial visit that were associated with the deterioration of ILD. The deterioration of ILD was defined as the administration of intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) therapy. In this cohort, 45 (85%) patients had ILD at the time of the final observation, and only two who did not have ILD at their initial visit developed ILD during the follow‐up period. Until the final observation, 26 (49%) patients received IVCY therapy for the progression of ILD. The age at onset, disease duration, SSc subtype, and skin score were similar between patients with and those without IVCY therapy. Approximately 60% (26 of 43) of patients with ILD at their initial visit received IVCY therapy. On the other hand, none of the 10 patients without ILD at their initial visit received IVCY therapy. Our multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that the presence of ILD at an initial visit was an independent factor associated with the introduction of IVCY therapy (odds ratio, 2.8e+7 [95% confidence interval, 1.8e+17‐uncalculated], p = 0.0048). Although anti–topo I antibodies are strongly associated with ILD, it was unlikely for SSc patients with anti–topo I antibodies to receive IVCY therapy when they did not have ILD at an initial visit.
Rapid loss of phenotypic plasticity in the introduced range of the beach daisy, Arctotheca populifolia
Authors: Clark Charlie D. , Moles Angela T. , Fazlioglu Fatih , Brandenburger Claire R. , Hartley Stephen
Published: October 2023

Phenotypic plasticity is thought to be beneficial for species when introduced to a new range, increasing their proficiency in colonising and expanding into new environments. It has been hypothesised that an increase in phenotypic plasticity can be selected for when introduced to a new range.

We set out to determine whether there was greater phenotypic plasticity in introduced populations of Arctotheca populifolia, compared with their native source population.

We compared levels of phenotypic plasticity in four introduced Australian populations with the one identified source population from South Africa, across two separate glasshouse experiments that varied availability of (i) nutrients and (ii) water. Phenotypic plasticity was assessed at the population level for 13 individual traits, and across a suite of traits using a meta‐analysis to determine whether there was an overall difference in plasticity between ranges.

The Australian populations had a significantly lower composite plasticity in response to nutrient availability (−0.56 [95% CI: −0.99; −0.13]), as well as lower plasticity in response to water availability, though this was not significant (−0.36 [95% CI: −0.80; 0.07]).

Synthesis. Contrary to our expectations, A. populifolia has lower phenotypic plasticity in its introduced range than in its native range. This may have resulted from founder effects, or from rapid changes in plasticity due to selective pressures differing between the native and introduced ranges.
Habitat selection by invaders: Avoiding natural habitats by the red‐whiskered bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus
Authors: Bernat‐Ponce Edgar , Domínguez‐Pérez Laura , Gil‐Delgado José A.
Published: October 2023

Invasive species are significant drivers of global change due to their ecological impact, as well as the economic costs associated with managing them. While habitat selection studies have been an essential tool for managing endangered species, they have not been widely used for invasive species. A prime example of an invasive species is the red‐whiskered bulbul, which has spread to several parts of the world from Asia. This study focused on macrohabitat selection analysis during the winter of 2019–2020, with 200 point counts conducted over 784 km2 to identify habitats that are selected and avoided by the invader species in eastern Spain. In addition, the study analyzed 18 variables related to microhabitat, vegetation, and anthropogenic factors to determine those that are relevant for its abundance in the selected areas (74 point counts over 784 km2). The study found that the red‐whiskered bulbul was not detected in natural Mediterranean vegetation such as forests and shrubs or crops, even though they were the dominant ecosystems, accounting for 52.8% of the study area. Instead, suburban areas were selected, and the species was more abundant near its initial release point and in areas with orchards containing fruit trees and plants. Therefore, the study suggests that natural Mediterranean habitats and crops may act as ecological barriers to the expansion of this species, while suburban areas would increase their ability to expand. The study's findings should be considered in managing the red‐whiskered bulbul in Mediterranean areas.
The trauma challenge: How teachers experience students with complex trauma
Authors: Southall Anne
Published: October 2023

Research documenting the effects of trauma in early childhood describes the profound and long‐term consequences of child abuse and neglect on the developing brain and the subsequent deficits in critical cognitive and social development. While educators have increasingly endeavoured to understand this impact and become more ‘trauma‐informed’ in their classrooms, little is understood about the process or what it requires of the teacher. This study explores the experiences of six teachers in regional Victoria, Australia, who sought to apply their neuroscientific understandings in their classrooms, and identifies the many personal and professional challenges they confronted. Critical reflection was employed both to deeply explore their collective experiences and to support them in this complex work. Findings describe the nuanced and interpersonal nature of trauma‐informed education and imply the need for critical reflection in teacher practice as an important element in the process.
The detrimental consequences of mining and inspiration for the Gandhamardan movement in western Odisha, India
Authors: Rout Baijayanti
Published: October 2023

Most of Odisha's mineral resources are situated in tribally controlled regions that are impacted by resource extraction operations. Being a mineral‐rich state, Odisha is becoming a popular investment location. The majority of the population is made up of indigenous people who have historically subsisted on the highlands' natural resources. Local people (most of them are tribal) of the Gandhamardan hills region have protested extraction, insisting that their rights to holy religious sites near the mine, traditional methods of subsistence and the environment be protected. The purpose of this article is to look into the impact of mining during the extraction phase in the 1980s, which was a driving element in the emergence of the resistance movement, as well as discuss the future expectations of mining and its effect. The paper is based on primary data that includes direct interview to 366 households. The purposive sampling method has been deployed to collect data from the participants of Gandhamardan movement (1980s). According to the findings, mining has impacted  three vital areas, including religious beliefs, the environment and livelihood, prompting the local community to resist mining activities. These three areas were crucial for the emergence of Gandhamardan or BALCO (Bharat Aluminium Company) movement. The environmental component has received widespread support both domestically and worldwide. The State Government should have a clear strategy in place that acknowledges the economic relevance of managing forest resources in a way which improves local people's economic conditions with local economic development.
A collaborative backbone resource for comparative studies of subterranean evolution: The World Asellidae database
Authors: Saclier Nathanaelle , Duchemin Louis , Konecny‐Dupré Lara , Grison Philippe , Eme David , Martin Chloé , Callou Cécile , Lefébure Tristan , François Clémentine , Issartel Colin , Lewis Julian J. , Stoch Fabio , Sket Boris , Gottstein Sanja , Delić Teo , Zagmajster Maja , Grabowski Michal , Weber Dieter , Reboleira Ana Sofia P. S. , Palatov Dmitry , Paragamian Kaloust , Knight Lee R. F. D. , Michel Georges , Lefebvre Francois , Hosseini Mohammad‐Javad Malek , Camacho Ana I. , De Bikuña Begoña Gartzia , Taleb Amina , Belaidi Nouria , Tuekam Kayo Raoul P. , Galassi Diana Maria Paola , Moldovan Oana Teodora , Douady Christophe J. , Malard Florian
Published: October 2023

Transition to novel environments, such as groundwater colonization by surface organisms, provides an excellent research ground to study phenotypic evolution. However, interspecific comparative studies on evolution to groundwater life are few because of the challenge in assembling large ecological and molecular resources for species‐rich taxa comprised of surface and subterranean species. Here, we make available to the scientific community an operational set of working tools and resources for the Asellidae, a family of freshwater isopods containing hundreds of surface and subterranean species. First, we release the World Asellidae database (WAD) and its web application, a sustainable and FAIR solution to producing and sharing data and biological material. WAD provides access to thousands of species occurrences, specimens, DNA extracts and DNA sequences with rich metadata ensuring full scientific traceability. Second, we perform a large‐scale dated phylogenetic reconstruction of Asellidae to support phylogenetic comparative analyses. Of 424 terminal branches, we identify 34 pairs of surface and subterranean species representing independent replicates of the transition from surface water to groundwater. Third, we exemplify the usefulness of WAD for documenting phenotypic shifts associated with colonization of subterranean habitats. We provide the first phylogenetically controlled evidence that body size of males decreases relative to that of females upon groundwater colonization, suggesting competition for rare receptive females selects for smaller, more agile males in groundwater. By making these tools and resources widely accessible, we open up new opportunities for exploring how phenotypic traits evolve in response to changes in selective pressures and trade‐offs during groundwater colonization.
Circ_0102231 inactivates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by regulating the miR‐635/NOVA2 pathway to promote the progression of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Jianhong , Yu Qiong , Yang Xu
Published: October 2023

Background

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the malignant development of tumors. However, the mechanism of circ_0102231 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has rarely been discussed and reported.

Methods

Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to measure the expression of circ_0102231, miR‐635 and NOVA alternative splicing regulator 2 (NOVA2) in NSCLC tissues and cells. Western blot was applied to detect the protein expression. Cell proliferation was monitored by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8) and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) experiments. The angiogenesis ability of cells was tested by angiogenesis assay. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell apoptosis. The relationship between circ_0102231 and NOVA2 or miR‐635 was analyzed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. An in vivo transplanted tumor model was established to confirm the effect of circ_0102231 on tumor formation.

Results

Circ_0102231 was abnormally upregulated in NSCLC tissues and correlated with clinical stage. Silencing of circ_0102231 inhibited cell proliferation and angiogenesis but significantly promoted the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. There were target binding sites between circ_0102231 and miR‐635, miR‐635 and NOVA2. Importantly, circ_0102231 acted as a sponge for miR‐635, increased the expression of NOVA2, and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Finally, silencing of circ_0102231 also had obvious antitumor effects in vivo.

Conclusion

Circ_0102231 increased the expression of NOVA2 by interacting with miR‐635 to promote the malignant progression of NSCLC.
TLS2trees: A scalable tree segmentation pipeline forTLSdata
Authors: Wilkes Phil , Disney Mathias , Armston John , Bartholomeus Harm , Bentley Lisa , Brede Benjamin , Burt Andrew , Calders Kim , Chavana‐Bryant Cecilia , Clewley Daniel , Duncanson Laura , Forbes Brieanne , Krisanski Sean , Malhi Yadvinder , Moffat David , Origo Niall , Shenkin Alexander , Yang Wanxin
Published: October 2023

Above‐ground biomass (AGB) is an important metric used to quantify the mass of carbon stored in terrestrial ecosystems. For forests, this is routinely estimated at the plot scale (typically 1 ha) using inventory measurements and allometry. In recent years, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has appeared as a disruptive technology that can generate a more accurate assessment of tree and plot scale AGB; however, operationalising TLS methods has had to overcome a number of challenges. One such challenge is the segmentation of individual trees from plot level point clouds that are required to estimate woody volume, this is often done manually (e.g. with interactive point cloud editing software) and can be very time consuming.

Here we presentTLS2trees, an automated processing pipeline and set of Python command line tools that aims to redress this processing bottleneck.TLS2treesconsists of existing and new methods and is specifically designed to be horizontally scalable. The processing pipeline is demonstrated on 7.5 ha of TLS data captured across 10 plots of seven forest types; from open savanna to dense tropical rainforest.

A total of 10,557 trees are segmented withTLS2trees: these are compared to 1281 manually segmented trees. Results indicate thatTLS2treesperforms well, particularly for larger trees (i.e. the cohort of largest trees that comprise 50% of total plot volume), where plot‐wise tree volume bias is ±0.4 m3and %RMSE is 60%. Segmentation performance decreases for smaller trees, for example where DBH ≤10 cm; a number of reasons are suggested including performance of semantic segmentation step.

The volume and scale of TLS data captured in forest plots is increasing. It is suggested that to fully utilise this data for activities such as monitoring, reporting and verification or as reference data for satellite missions an automated processing pipeline, such asTLS2trees, is required. To facilitate improvements toTLS2trees, as well as modification for other laser scanning modes (e.g. mobile and UAV laser scanning),TLS2treesis a free and open‐source software.
Aligning disclosure requirements for managerial assessments of going concern risk: Initial evidence from New Zealand
Authors: Grosse Matthew , Scott Tom , Zang Zeting
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of the Financial Reporting Standard No. 44 New Zealand Additional Disclosures (FRS 44) amendment issued by the New Zealand Accounting Standards Board (NZASB). The FRS 44 amendment aligned disclosure requirements for managerial assessments of going concern risk in financial reports with auditing standards for periods ending on or after 30 September 2020. We first present descriptive evidence on the frequency of going concern opinions (GCO), frequency of going concern issues identified as key audit matters (GCKAM), and frequency and content of managerial assessments of going concern risk (GCMA) before and after the FRS 44 amendment. Second, we show lower audit fees and shorter audit lags for financially distressed companies post‐FRS 44 implementation. This suggests that the harmonisation of accounting and auditing disclosure requirements alleviates tension during the going concern decision‐making process for affected companies, subsequently leading to reduced audit fees.
Motivation and hygiene factors for curriculum (re)development and the embedding of technology in accounting programmes
Authors: Ozdil Esin , Khosa Amrinder , Tharapos Meredith , Burch Steven
Published: October 2023

Using Herzberg's two‐factor theory, this paper examines the hygiene and motivation factors that drive (re)development in accounting higher education programmes. Interviews with accounting educators and discipline leaders demonstrate a range of factors at play in the (re)development of accounting programmes in pursuit of embedding relevant technologies and contemporary business acumen into the accounting curriculum. In particular, hygiene elements such as policy and administration, and supervision were central to driving and steering change, coupled with accounting educators motivational desire to do what is right for their graduates and the profession while simultaneously fulfilling their sense of meaningful work, achievement, and responsibility.