bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progressive thickening of retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell complex layers following SDM Vision Protection Therapy for Open Angle Glaucoma: Evidence of Therapeutic Retinal (CNS) Neuroregeneration
Authors: Luttrull Jeffrey K , Tzekov Radouil , Bhavan Sathy V
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To determine the effect on nerve fiber layer (NFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness trends in eyes with open angle glaucoma (OAG) treated with Vision Protection Therapy™ (VPT).
Background
Progressive thinning of the NFL and GCC in OAG is the rule.
Method
A retrospective analysis of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) measured NFL and GCC thickness trends was performed, excluding eyes with poor quality scans and principal diagnoses other than OAG. This study compares eyes with OAG managed conventionally with IOP control alone (controls), to eyes managed with the addition of VPT (VPT eyes). The direction (+ or - ) and magnitude (microns/year) of the OCT trends were the study endpoints. Results: 78 control eyes of 40 patients (avg age 73 years) and 61 VPT eyes of 39 patients (avg age 78 years) were included for study. Mean observation periods (days) were 708 for controls and 730 for VPT. Positive NFL trends were noted in 5% of control eyes vs 71% of VPT eyes (p < 0.0001). Positive GCC trends were noted in 8% of control eyes vs 43% of VPT eyes (p < 0.0001). Mean NFL trends (um/year) were − 0.692 for controls vs + 0.347 for VPT (p < 0.0001). Mean GCC trends (um/year) were − 0.554 for controls vs -0.148 for VPT (p = 0.0175).
Conclusion
Addition of VPT to conventional management of OAG resulted in highly significant improvements in NFL and GCC trends. These results suggest VPT may elicit clinically therapeutic retinal (CNS) neuroregeneration.
Presenteeism and Chinese Clinical Nurses' Turnover Intention: The mediating role of Frustration and Job Burnout
Authors: he qingsen , zhang dandan , cao shan
Published: April 2024

Objective The turnover behavior of nurses is not conducive to the stability of the nursing team, so it is necessary to study the influencing factors of clinical nurse turnover intention. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of presenteeism on the turnover intention of Chinese clinical nurses, and examine the role of frustration and job burnout.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to investigate 1127 clinical nurses from 6 hospitals in Henan Province, China. Using structural equation modeling to verify the mediating effect of frustration and job burnout on the relationship between presenteeism and turnover intention.
Results The correlation analysis showed that presenteeism was significantly related to frustration, job burnout and turnover intention（r= 0.24，0.28，0.31，P＜0. 001）, and frustration was significantly related to job burnout and turnover intention（r= 0.48，0.39，P＜0. 001）; Job burnout was significantly correlated with turnover intention（r= 0.58，P＜0. 001）；The mediating effect of frustration（95%CI：0.014～0.062） and job burnout 95%CI：0.072～0.154）between presenteeism and work turnover intention, and the chain mediating effect of frustration and job burnout（95%CI：0.043～0.087）are significant,the intermediary effect accounts for 59.38% of the total effect.
Conclusions The results indicate that presenteeism not only directly affects the turnover intention of clinical nurses, but also influences their turnover intention through frustration and job burnout. These results provide certain theoretical support and guidance for the study and improvement of turnover intention of clinical nurses, and emphasize measures such as reducing presenteeism, weakening frustration, and alleviating job burnout to reduce the turnover rate of clinical nurses.
Step-by-step Elimination Algorithm Based on Modified Radial Data Visualization to Predict the Response to FOLFOX Treatment of CRC Patients
Authors: Kryczka Jakub , Bachorz Rafał Adam , Kryczka Jolanta , Boncela Joanna
Published: April 2024

Background: The application of the FOLFOX chemotherapy scheme to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often results in the development of resistance to its components, leading to therapeutic failure. This study aimed to develop a functional and easy-to-use algorithm to predict patients’ response to FOLFOX treatment. The transcriptomic data of samples from CRC patients treated with FOLFOX were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE83129, GSE28702, GSE69657, GSE19860 and GSE41568). By comparing the expression of the top up- and downregulated genes in the FOLFOX responder and nonresponder patient groups, we selected 30 potential markers that were used to create a step-by-step elimination procedure based on modified radial data visualization, which depicts the interplay between the expression levels of chosen attributes (genes) to locate data points in low-dimensional space.
Results: Our analysis revealed that FOLFOX-resistant CRC samples are predominantly characterized by upregulated expression of TMEM182and MCM9 and downregulated expression of LRRFIP1. Additionally, we developed a procedure based on the expression levels of TMEM182, MCM9, LRRFIP1, LAMP1, FAM161A, KLHL36, ETV5, RNF168, SRSF11, NCKAP5, CRTAP, VAMP2, ZBTB49 and RIMBP2 that could predict the response to FOLFOX therapy.
Conclusion: Our approach can provide unique insight into clinical decision-making regarding therapy scheme administration, potentially increasing patient survival and, as a consequence, medical futility due to incorrect therapy.
A Pilot Longitudinal Study of Decrease in Cognitive Functions during the Most Painful Day of the Period among Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Kluska Julia Klaudia , Malinowska Ewa , Kowalski Joachim
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Painful menstruation is a common problem associated with many limitations in day-to-day functioning. There is limited research on the temporary effects of menstrual pain on cognitive functioning.
Method
A longitudinal pilot study was conducted. A group of 32 women was tested with the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT), which consists of 7 tests measuring various cognitive functions. Participants were tested both on a regular, pain-free day and the most painful day of their period.
Results
The subjects displayed significantly lower results in several domains of cognitive functions during measurement on the most painful day of the period. We observed a decline in inhibitory and cognitive control, attention functioning and processing speed.
Conclusions
The results provide tentative evidence for experiencing cognitive difficulties under the influence of menstrual pain and may contribute to raising awareness about related difficulties
Poly acetyl amine grafted xanthan gum: Synthesis, Characterization and evaluation as Mucoadhesive Polymer
Authors: Singla Neelam , Patil Manisha
Published: April 2024

Polyacetal amine grafted xanthan gum was synthesized by treating xanthan gum with chloroacetyl chloride which resulted in an intermediate to which ammonia was reacted. Proton NMR and IR spectrum confirmed the formation of poly-acetyl amine grafting on xanthan gum (MXG). The crystallinity of MXG was confirmed by DSC and XRD. SEM image indicates that the smooth polyhedral structure of xanthan gum changed to a rough spongy surface in MXG along with size and shape. Comparative mucoadhesion evaluation of MXG using goat buccal mucosa revealed higher ex vivo bio adhesion time as compared to xanthan gum. This improved mucoadhesion property of MXG can be attributed to the formation of attractive force between negative charge mucus and positive charged amine functionality. However, grafted polyhedral amine into xanthan gum backbone also enhanced other physiochemical properties such as viscosity, gelling property and swelling index etc. Acute oral toxicity and dermal toxicity studies reveals the safety of MXG. Therefore, this grafted polymer might be well exploited as a potential polymer for various drug delivery systems.
Validation and clinical applicability of the Hypotension Prediction Index in a general ICU population: a prospective observational cohort study Study acronym Prediction of Hemodynamic Instability in Patients Admitted to the ICU; the PHYSIC study
Authors: Terwindt Lotte E. , Veelo Denise P. , Ligtenberg Max , Schuurmans Jaap , Hollmann Markus W. , Schenk Jimmy , Vlaar Alexander P.J. , Ster Björn J.P.
Published: April 2024

Background:
Hypotension is associated with adverse outcomes in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The application of an arterial blood pressure derived algorithm predicting hypotension significantly reduced hypotension during surgery. This Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI), calculates the likelihood (range 0-100) of hypotension occurring within minutes. In this study, the performance and clinical applicability of HPI is assessed in ICU patients.
Objectives:
The primary objective was to assess overall performance of the HPI in ICU patients. Secondary objectives were to assess; the time to hypotensive events, change in the average sensitivity of HPI-85 preceding a hypotensive event, performance of HPI at clinical relevant threshold (HPI ≥ 85), and differences in patient subgroups.
Methods:
We performed a prospective cohort study in an adult general ICU population of a tertiary academic medical centre using continuous arterial pressure waveform data. Hypotension was defined as mean arterial pressure below 65 mmHg for at least one minute. The predictive ability of HPI was evaluated using a forward analysis, calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), time to event, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and precision recall (PR) curve.
Results:
In 499 included and analysed patients, HPI showed an excellent predictive performance (area under ROC curve 0.97, PR curve 0.95), with a statistical optimum calculated at HPI 95 (Youden Index 0.87). Employing HPI ≥ 85 as an alarm resulted in a sensitivity of 99.7%, specificity of 76.3%, PPV of 83% and a median time to hypotensive event of 160 sec [IQR 60–380]. There was no difference in HPI performance between different patient subgroups.
Conclusions:
HPI showed excellent performance in the prediction of hypotension in a general ICU population, without differences between subgroups. However, the average time between alarm (HPI ≥ 85) and the onset of hypotension is relatively short, which might affect the applicability and added value in an ICU setting.
Trial registration
This study was registered with the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR7349). The study was submitted and accepted for registration 2018-07-04, before the first patient was included. (https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7150). Source ID: W18_142#18.176
Prospective life cycle assessment of activated carbon production derived from banana peel for methylene blue dye removal
Authors: Pereira Paulo , Maia Lana , Silva Andressa da , Silva Bianca A. R. , R Fernanda , Oliveira Sueli Aparecida , Rosa Derval , Mulinari Daniella R.
Published: April 2024

Activated carbon (AC) produced from agro-industrial waste is an interesting adsorbent in water purification and effluent treatment processes. In this work, activated biochar (BFAC) from banana peel waste (BPF) was prepared by chemical activation (NaOH) followed by pyrolysis at 600 °C to remove methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. BFAC was characterized by TGA, XRD, SEM, and FTIR techniques. The influence of dye concentration (10, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 mg L−1) and zero point charge (ZPC) were investigated. Besides, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate and analyze the environmental effects of the developed process. BFAC presented a well-developed pore structure with a predominance of mesopores and macropores, influencing the MB removal capacity. The highest efficiency for dye removal was 62 % after 10 min to an initial concentration of 50 mg.L-1. Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich, isotherm models defined the adsorption isotherms well. The Langmuir model represented the best fit of experimental data for BFAC with a maximum adsorption capacity of 417 mg g−1. Regarding LCA, a prospective approach at the early stage of development was conducted to orient the transition from laboratory to industrial scale, aiming at providing a competitive CO2-based technological route. The proposed scenarios suggest that this route is promising either from the life cycle assessment or the circular economy perspective. Thus, BFAC can be considered as an adsorbent of great practical application for post-treatment of wastewater effluents aiming to remove contaminants.
Improving growth performance, immunity, and health status of rabbits by using cinnamon Nanoparticles
Authors: Tahoon A. Y , Ali Gehan I. E. , Naena Nehal A.A. , Abeer El-Keredy M.S. , Al-sokary Eman T. , Elbaz Shaimaa , Asa Samah Abou
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study was to find out how supplementing rabbits with cinnamon Nanoparticles (CNP) affected their immunity, growth performance, serum biochemistry, blood haematology, and the histology of their liver, lung, and kidney in addition to their protective impact against a fake infection with Escherichia coli O25. After being acclimated for two weeks and separated into six equal groups, sixty weaned white New Zealand rabbits (35 days old) that appeared healthy were acquired from a private farm in Kafr EL-Sheikh Governorate. According to our findings, the rabbits that got CNP exhibited better growth performance, P.M. lesions, bacterial re-isolation outcomes, and clinical symptoms. The hepatic and renoprotective effects of CNP may be supported by the mean values of serum ALT and AST levels decreasing and mean values of total protein, albumin, globulin, total white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) increasing. The histological analysis showed that the positive control group had apparent pathological changes, such as interstitial nephritis, hepatic coagulative necrosis, and interstitial pneumonia with mononuclear cell infiltrations. The CNP and streptomycin-treated group, on the other hand, showed milder to moderately changed tissue conditions. It is possible to conclude that CNP can be used as an alternative to antibiotics because the combined treated group showed high efficacy (growth performance, antibacterial, and favourable effects on liver, kidney, and antioxidant enzyme functions in addition to reducing the histological alteration changes in liver, kidney, and lung tissues).
Group Stepping Stones Triple P for South Korean families of children with developmental disabilities: A pilot study
Authors: Chung Jeehae , Park Eun Ju , Kim Hyelim , Lee Anna
Published: April 2024

Background
Children with developmental disabilities (CwDDs) present behavioral, emotional, and social challenges, thereby affecting family dynamics. While the Stepping Stones Triple P (SSTP) addresses these challenges, few studies have examined its feasibility and effectiveness in the South Korean context.
Aims
To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the Level 4 Group SSTP for South Korean families of CwDDs.
Methods and procedures
The one-group, pre-post pilot study included eight parents of CwDDs who participated in six online group sessions and three individual telephone sessions, supplemented with a behavior-tracking mobile app. Data were collected at three time points to assess behavior problems, quality of life (QoL), parenting stress, efficacy, and parent-child relationships. Additionally, intervention satisfaction and usability of the mobile app were examined.
Outcomes and results:
Significant improvements in children’s behavior problems and QoL, parenting efficacy, positive parenting skills, and parent-child relationships were observed at the one-month follow-up. Participants reported high satisfaction with the intervention and offered enhancement recommendations.
Conclusions and implications
Group SSTP can effectively address behavioral issues in CwDDs and improve parenting practices. These findings underscore the applicability of Group SSTP for full-scale studies and applicability in healthcare and education settings to improve the QoL of CwDDs and their families.
Monitoring and evaluating progress towards universal health coverage: An analysis of health service coverage indicators in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Rasool Shafiqa , Geer Mohammad Ishaq
Published: April 2024

Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to ensure equitable access to essential medical services regardless of individuals' financial circumstances. In Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), the health sector faces several challenges, including limited institutional capacity, inadequate access to modern equipment, and a shortage of healthcare professionals, hindering the efficiency of healthcare delivery. This study evaluates the system of primary healthcare in the Union Territory (UT) J&K and its progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2030. Utilizing SDG UHC indicator 3.8.1, which evaluates coverage of population, coverage of services was assessed across a spectrum from 0 to 100%. The Index of UHC Service coverage (SCI) was represented on a scale extending from 0 to 100, where elevated scores denoted superior performance. Achieving a score of 100 on the index signified alignment with the SDG target. While there have been significant improvements in health service coverage and the control of infectious diseases, addressing the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases requires further efforts. Although healthcare indicators in Jammu and Kashmir are improving, additional measures are needed to achieve universal health c overage. This study provides insight into the developmental milestones in healthcare that are significantly contributing to the patient care. The methodology used in this study will be helpful to other scholars in measuring progress towards UHC.
Multimodality Fusion based Topic Detection and Evolution Analysis of Web Videos
Authors: Zhu Hengmin , Wei Hongcheng , Wei Jing , Ye Dongyu
Published: April 2024

Due to the prevalence of video social media and the increase of user generated content, the Internet is filled with a large amount of unstructured data. Videos often contain multimodal data such as title, tags, images and audios. Therefore, fusion of multimodal features is a valid way for video topic detection. The titles and tags of videos are short and sparse, and they are high level semantics, whereas the audio and images of videos are low level semantics. It is not suitable to represent a video by directly fusing these features. To address the issue, an effective multimodal fusion method based on the transformer model is proposed for detecting video topics. First, video data is crawled from Bilibili platform, and the titles, tags and descriptions of videos are processed by deleting invalid symbols and null values. The audios are converted to text and texts are recognized from video covers. Second, the transformer-based model is applied to fuse the three forms of text from different modalities to represent videos with multi-dimensional vectors. Then the HDBSCAN and hierarchical clustering (HC) are compared by Silhouette coefficient when clustering videos for topic detection. In addition, we compare video topic clustering under multimodal and single-modal. Finally, the intensity and content evolution of video topics over time are analyzed in the paper. Experimental results with the real data collected from Bilibili verify the effectiveness of the proposed method for video topic detection and evolution.
Recovery of Cranial Nerve Neuropathies After LINAC-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Benign Cavernous Sinus Meningioma
Authors: Kaisman-Elbaz Tehila , Blumenfeld Philip , Wygoda Marc , Feldman John , Shoshan Yigal
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Cranial Nerve Neuropathies (CNNs) often accompany Cavernous Sinus Meningioma (CSM), for which Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSR) are established treatments. This study assesses CNNs recovery in CSM patients treated with LINAC, offering insight into treatment effectiveness.
Methods
This study was conducted on patients with 128 CSM treated with LINAC-based SRS/FSR between 2005 and 2023 at a single institution. 46 patients presented with CNNs. The study analyzed patients' demographics, clinical parameters, SRS/FSR treatment characteristics, post-treatment CNNs recovery duration, status, and radiological control on their last follow-up.
Results
The median follow-up duration was 53.4 months. Patients were treated with SRS (n = 25) or FSR (n = 21). The mean pretreatment tumor volume was 9.5 cc decreasing to a mean end-of-follow-up tumor volume was 5.1 cc. Radiological tumor control was achieved in all cases. CNN recovery was observed in 80.4% of patients, with specific nerve recoveries documented as follows: extra-ocular nerves (43.2%), trigeminal nerve (32.4%), and optic nerve (10.8%). A higher CNNs recovery rate was associated with a smaller pre-treatment tumor volume (p < 0.001), The median time-to-improvement was 3.7 months. Patients with tumor volumes exceeding 6.8 cc and those treated with FSR exhibited prolonged time-to-improvement (P < 0.03 and P < 0.04 respectively).
Conclusion
This study suggests that SRS/FSR for CSM provides good and sustainable CNNs recovery outcomes with excellent long-term radiological control. A higher CNNs recovery rate was associated with a smaller pre-treatment tumor volume, while shorter time-to-improvement was identified in patients treated with SRS compared to FSR, particularly in those with small pre-treatment tumor volume.
Perioperative risk factors associated with prolonged postoperative hospital stay in patients with severe complications after highly advanced hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Fukada Masahiro , Horaguchi Takeshi , Yasufuku Itaru , Sato Yuta , Tajima Jesse Yu , Kiyama Shigeru , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Murase Katsutoshi , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa
Published: April 2024

Background
Postoperative length of hospital stay (PLOS) is an important indicator of surgical quality, particularly because postoperative complications are closely related to PLOS. Prolonged PLOS (PPLOS) increases treatment costs and delays the transition from surgery to adjuvant chemotherapy. PPLOS may also have an unfavorable impact on long-term prognosis. However, the risk factors for PPLOS, particularly after highly advanced hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery (HBPS), have not been adequately investigated. In this study, we aimed to identify the perioperative risk factors for PPLOS following highly advanced HBPS.
Methods
In this single-center retrospective study, we included 737 patients who underwent highly advanced HBPS at Gifu University Hospital, Japan, between 2010 and 2023. Of these, 190 patients with severe postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo classification grades ≥Ⅲ) were evaluated for perioperative risk factors for PPLOS using uni- and multivariate analyses.
Results
The median PLOS of patients with severe postoperative complications was 40 days, and 97 patients had a PPLOS. Univariate analysis indicated that pancreatic surgery, open surgery, clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistulas (CR-POPF), postoperative respiratory failure (PORF), and C-reactive protein levels > 15 mg/dL on postoperative day 3 significantly correlated with PPLOS. Multivariate analysis showed that open surgery (odds ratio [OR], 14193908; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.06–; p = 0.01), CR-POPF (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.10–5.77; p = 0.03), and PORF (OR, 5.74; 95% CI, 1.29–40.48; p = 0.02) were independent risk factors for PPLOS.
Conclusions
After highly advanced HBPS, the PLOS was significantly prolonged with the presence and severity of postoperative complications, regardless of the type of surgery. In cases with severe postoperative complications, open surgery, CR-POPF, and PORF may be risk factors for PPLOS. This study underlines the need for proficient minimally invasive surgery and appropriate perioperative management to avoid severe POPF and PORF, leading to a shorter PLOS after highly advanced HBPS.
Web-based diagnostic platform for microorganism-induced deterioration on paper-based cultural relics with iterative training from human feedback
Authors: Liu Chenshu , Ben Songbin , Liu Chongwen , Li Xianchao , Meng Qingxia , Hao Yilin , Jiao Qian , Yang Pinyi
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Paper-based artifacts hold significant cultural and social values. However, paper is intrinsically fragile to microorganisms, such as mold, due to its cellulose composition, which can serve as a microorganisms' nutrient source. Mold not only can damage papers' structural integrity and pose significant challenges to conservation works but also may subject individuals attending the contaminated artifacts to health risks. Current approaches for strain identification usually require extensive training, prolonged time for analysis, expensive operation costs, and higher risks of secondary damage due to sampling. Thus, in current conservation practices with mold-contaminated artifacts, little pre-screening or strain identification was performed before mold removal, and the cleaning techniques are usually broad-spectrum rather than strain-specific. With deep learning showing promising applications across various domains, this study investigated the feasibility of using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for fast in-situ recognition and classification of mold on paper.
Methods: Molds were first non-invasively sampled from ancient Xuan Paper-based Chinese books from the Qing and Ming dynasties. Strains were identified using molecular biology methods and the four most prevalent strains were inoculated on Xuan paper to create mockups for image collection. Microscopic images of the molds as well as their stains situated on paper were collected using a compound microscope and commercial microscope lens for cell phone cameras, which were then used for training CNN models with a transfer learning scheme to perform the classification of mold. To enable involvement and contribution from the research community, a web interface that actuates the process while providing interactive features for users to learn about the information of the classified strain was constructed. Moreover, a feedback functionality in the web interface was embedded for catching potential classification errors, adding additional training images, or introducing new strains, all to refine the generalizability and robustness of the model.
Results & Conclusion: In the study, we have constructed a suite of high-confidence classification CNN models for the diagnostic process for mold contamination in conservation. At the same time, a web interface was constructed that allows recurrently refining the model with human feedback through engaging the research community. Overall, the proposed framework opens new avenues for effective and timely identification of mold, thus enabling proactive and targeted mold remediation strategies in conservation.
An innovative approach to biofilm-associated infections: CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genetic Intervention
Authors: Ates Aysegul , Aydemir Şöhret , Ermertcan Şafak
Published: April 2024

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is the major cause of biofilm-associated infections. S.aureus biofilms can be formed through surface proteins (bap) as well as the ica operon. We used pCasSA to target icaA, icaD and bap genes for the first time. Suppression of these genes expression was confirmed by qPCR. Crystal violet assay was performed to quantify the biofilm formation. Mutations in the related genes were shown by Sanger sequence analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was used to assess the effect of suppression of biofilm-associated genes on methicillin susceptibility. Compared to the Wild-type strain, icaA, icaD, bap genes decreased by 70%, 60%, 40%, respectively. Biofilm formation was reduced 6-fold in Knock-out(KO)-icaA strain, 5.6-fold in KO-icaD and 3-fold in KO-bap. KO-icaA, KO-icaD and KO-bap strains exhibited a 64, 16, 4-fold decrease in oxacillin MIC, respectively. Cefoxitin zone increased approximately 2.5-fold in the KO strains. We conclude that the CRISPR/Cas system may be an alternative strategy to inhibit bacterial biofilm.
RETRACTED: Does aquaculture growth affect environmental health hazards? New insights from robust least square regression
Authors: Alsaleh Mohd
Published: April 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The impact of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies on families: A qualitative study
Authors: García Juan Francisco Velarde , Güeita-Rodríguez Javier , Jiménez-Antona Carmen , García-Bravo Cristina , Aledo-Serrano Ángel , Gómez-Sánchez Stella Maris , Palacios-Ceña Domingo
Published: April 2024

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) cause disability and dependence affecting both children and the family. The questions guiding this study were: What changes do parents of children with DEEs experience in their life as a couple? What changes occur within the family and for the other family members?. We carried out a qualitative study based on the interpretivist paradigm. Twenty-one participants were selected by means of purposive sampling. Parents of children with DEEs of SCN1A, KCNQ2, CDKL5, PCDH19 and GNAO1 variants were included. In-depth interviews and researcher notes were used for data collection. A thematic analysis was performed on the data. Three themes were identified in the results: a) Assuming conflicts and changes within the couple, which caused them to distance themselves, reduced their time and intimacy and made them reconsider having more children; b) Impact of the disorder on siblings and grandparents, where it conditioned siblings who perceived DEEs as a burden in their lives, felt neglected, and needed to grow and mature alone; whereas grandparents suffered for their grandchildren and parents, in addition to perceiving that their health worsened, and c) Reconciling the care of the child with family life and work; this led the parents to share tasks, abandon or reduce working hours and ask for help
Conclusions: Caring for a child with DEEs can result in neglect of social, psychological, emotional, recreational, educational, or occupational needs and obligations that ultimately impact all family members.
Transcriptional Regulation of Hormone Signalling Genes in Black Pepper in Response to Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Mahadevan Chidambareswaren , Shafi K. Mohamed , Nagarathnam B , Sakuntala Manjula , Sowdhamini Ramanathan
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a non-model spice crop of significant agricultural and biological importance. The 'quick wilt' disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici is a major threat, leading to substantial crop loss. The molecular mechanisms governing the plant immune responses to this pathogen remain unclear. This study employs RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis to explore the defense mechanisms of black pepper against P. capsici.
Results
Two-month-old black pepper plantlets were subjected to infection with P. capsici, and leaf samples were collected at 6- and 12-hours post-inoculation. RNA was extracted, sequenced, and the resulting data were processed and assembled. Differential gene expression analysis was conducted to identify genes responding to the infection. Additionally, the study investigated the involvement of Salicylic acid (SA), Jasmonic acid (JA), and Ethylene (ET) signalling pathways. Our transcriptome assembly comprised 64,667 transcripts with 96.7% completeness, providing valuable insights into the black pepper transcriptome. Annotation of these transcripts identified functional categories and domains, provided details on molecular processes. Gene expression analysis identified 4,714 transcripts at 6 hours post-infection (hpi) and 9,416 at 12 hpi as differentially expressed, revealing dynamic regulation of immune-related genes. Furthermore, the study investigated key genes involved in biosynthesis pathways of Salicylic acid, Jasmonic acid, and Ethylene signalling. Notably, we found differential regulation of critical genes associated with these pathways while comparing data before and after infection, thereby shedding light on their roles in defense mechanism in black pepper defense.
Conclusions
This comprehensive transcriptome analysis of black pepper response to P. capsici attack provides valuable insights into the plant defense mechanisms. The dynamic regulation of innate immunity and the involvement of key signalling pathways highlight the complexity of the plant-pathogen interaction. This study contributes to our understanding of plant immunity and offers potential strategies for enhancing black pepper resistance to this harmful pathogen.
Implications of Sedation During the Use of Non-invasive Ventilation in Children with Acute Respiratory Failure (SEDANIV Study)
Authors: Barrezueta Lorena Bermúdez , Mayordomo-Colunga Juan , Miñambres-Rodríguez María , Reyes Susana , Ramos Juan Valencia , Lopez-Fernandez Yolanda Margarita , Mendizabal Mikel , Vivanco-Allende Ana , Cuesta Alba Palacios , Melgares Lidia Oviedo , Unzueta-Roch José Luis , López Jorge , Villalta María Teresa Jiménez , Tejedor Maite Cuevas-Mons , González Lourdes Artacho , Olmos Ainhoa Jiménez , Pons-Òdena Martí
Published: April 2024

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of sedation administration on clinical parameters, comfort status, intubation requirements, and the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length of stay (LOS) in children with acute respiratory failure (ARF) receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV).
Methods: Thirteen PICUs in Spain participated in a prospective, multicenter, observational trial from January to December 2021. Children with ARF under the age of five who were receiving NIV were included. Clinical information and comfort levelswere documented at the time of NIV initiation, as well as at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The COMFORT-behavior (COMFORT-B) scale was used to assess the patients’ level of comfort. NIV failure was considered to be a requirement forendotracheal intubation.
Results: A total of 457 patients were included, with a median age of 3.3 months (IQR 1.3-16.1). Two hundred and thirteen children (46.6%) received sedation (sedation group); these patients had a higher heart rate, higher COMFORT-B score, and lower S/F ratio than did those who did not receive sedation (non-sedationgroup). A significantly greater improvement in the COMFORT-B score at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, heart rate at 6 and 12 hours, and S/F ratio at 6 hours was observed in the sedation group. Overall, the NIV success rate was 95.6% -intubation was required in 6.1% of the sedation group and in 2.9% of the other group (p =0.092). Multivariate analysis revealed that the PRISM III score at NIV initiation (OR 1.408; 95% CI 1.230–1.611) and respiratory rate at 3 hours (OR 1.043; 95% CI 1.009–1.079) were found to be independent predictors of NIV failure. The PICU LOS was correlated with weight, PRISM III score, respiratory rate at 12 hours, SpO2 at 3 hours, FiO2 at 12 hours, NIV failure and NIV duration. Sedation use was not found to be independently related to NIV failure or to the PICU LOS.
Conclusions: Sedation use may be useful in children with ARF treated with NIV, as it seems to improve clinical parameters and comfort status but may not increase the NIV failure rate or PICU LOS, even though sedated children were more severe at technique initiation in the present sample.
Intellectual Heritage G.D. Grebenshikov in the Context of Civil Confrontation in Russia at the Beginning of the XX Century
Authors: Будякова Т.П. , Полякова Т.А.
Published: April 2024

Биография и интеллектуальное наследие Г.Д. Гребенщикова рассматриваются в кон-тексте исследований интеллектуальной истории. Раскрываются возможности и пределы использования этого наследия в интерпретации исторических событий периода гражданского противостояния в России в начале XX в. Продукты интеллектуального творчества Г.Д. Гребенщикова, являясь результатом активного познания мира и самопознания на протяжении всей его жизни, фиксируют рост его личности. Ценность интеллектуального наследия малозаметной личности ограничивается возможностями ее самовыражения. Это обусловлено низким иерархическим статусом такого человека, его социальной и иной зависимостью от многих факторов, с которыми приходится считаться при выражении своей социальной и личной позиции. Способ выражения своей социальной позиции и историческая оценка происходящего в этих условиях носят не рациональный, а эмоциональный и символический характер. Это наглядно проявилось в интеллектуальном наследии Г.Д. Гребенщикова.

Biography and intellectual heritage of G.D. Grebenshchikov are considered in the context of intellectual history research. The possibilities and limits of using this heritage in the interpretation of historical events of the period of civil confrontation in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century are shown, and their representativeness is also assessed. It is noted that the products of intellectual creativity of G.D. Grebenshchikov, being the result of active knowledge of the world and self-knowledge throughout his life, recording the growth of his personality, make it especially significant for scientific historical research. It is postulated that the value of the intellectual heritage of an inconspicuous personality is limited by the limits of the possibility of its self-expression. This is due to the low hierarchical status of such a person, his social and other dependence on many factors that have to be taken into account when expressing his social and personal position. The way of expressing one’s social position and the historical assessment of what is happening in these conditions is not rational, but emotional and symbolic. This is clearly manifested in the intellectual heritage of G.D. Grebenshchikov.
«Soft Violence» and «Totalitarian Democracy» the Imagination of «West» in Political Language of Eduard Limonov
Authors: Канаев А.А.
Published: April 2024

Политический язык Эдуарда Лимонова и других представителей российской праворадикальной оппозиции в 1980–1990-е гг., изучен слабо. История идей этого писателя и политика представлена, в основном, пересказом политических программ, написанных им в рамках «Национал-Большевистской партии», и позиций по актуальным вопросам, часто с акцентом на «культурной» составляющей его деятельности. В статье дан анализ образа «Запада» в его политическом языке, выявлены специфические идиомы, связанные с его представлением о «Западе» и использованные в ходекритики «коллективного западника» во время Перестройки и ранних 1990-х.

Political language of Eduard Limonov, like the languages of other representatives of the Russian right-wing radical opposition in the 1980-1990s, is a poorly studied phenomenon. The history of the ideas of this writer and politician is presented mainly as a paraphrase of his political programs within the National Bolshevik Party and his positions on a few current issues, often with an emphasis on «cultural» side of his activity. The article concentrates on intellectual history of the image of the «West» in his political language, the analysis of specific idioms associated with his imagination of the «West» and used in the context of his polemics with the collective «Westernizer» during Perestroika and early 1990s.
The History of Ancient and Medieval Samarkand in the Views of Nicolaas Witsen
Authors: Маликов А.М.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу сведений, собранных голландским ученым и политическим деятелем Н.Витсеном (1641–1717) о Самарканде – значительном культурном и научном центре Центральной Азии, что до сих пор не было предметом специального изучения. Исследованные материалы показывают разнообразие представлений о Самарканде и начало формирования определенных образов города в европейской науке к концу XVII века. Труд Н.Витсена является первым образцом синтеза различных источников по истории Центральной Азии, включая Самарканд, и ценен тем, что написан до формирования европейских «ориенталистских» стереотипов в отношении ислама и народов Центральной Азии.

The article is devoted to the analysis of information collected by the Dutch scholar and politician N. Witsen (1641–1717) about Samarkand, a significant cultural and scientific center of Central Asia, which has not been the subject of special study until now. The studied materials show a variety of ideas about Samarkand and the beginning of the formation of certain images of the city in European science by the end of the 17th century. The work of N. Witsen is the first example of a synthesis of various sources on the history of Central Asia, including Samarkand, and is valuable because it was written before the formation of European “orientalist” stereotypes regarding Islam and the peoples of Central Asia.
Post-Structuralist Textual Analysis of Historical Narrative
Authors: Каменев Е.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье проанализированы теоретические аспекты применения постструктуралистского текстового анализа, предложенного Р. Бартом, в изучении историографии. Показано, что прямое заимствование постструктуралистских практик непродуктивно, поскольку они предполагают релятивизм в истолковании текста. Рассмотрена возможность ограничения подхода Барта структуралистским понятием кода, который следует искать в рамках культурной ситуации, хронологически соответствовавшей времени создания историографического источника. С учетом понятия кода применение постструктуралистского анализа позволяет получить информацию, представляющую интерес с точки зрения исторической науки.

The article analyzes the theoretical aspects of the application of post-structuralist textual analysis, proposed by R. Barth, in the study of historiography. It is shown that direct borrowing of post-structuralist practices is unproductive, since they imply relativism in the interpretation of the text. The possibility of restricting Barth's approach to the structuralist concept of code is considered. This code must be found within a cultural situation that chronologically corresponded to the time of the creation of the historiographical source. Taking into account the concept of code, the application of post-structural analysis makes it possible to obtain information that is of interest from the point of view of historical science.
Gastronomide Şef İmajı: Göstergebilimsel Bir İnceleme (Chef Image in Gastronomy: A Semiotic Analysis)
Authors: ÇIRAK Kerem , AKBULUT Ekin
Published: April 2024

Çalışma, şef imajı kavramına ilişkin literatürdeki boşluğu doldurmayı ve göstergebilim analizi ile farklı bir bakış açıcı yaratarak mevcut literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede, şef imajına ilişkin pek çok farklı göstergenin yer aldığı “The Menu” filmi Barthes’ın göstergebilim kuramından yararlanarak nitel bir araştırma yaklaşımıyla incelenmekte ve elde edilen bulgular ışığında bir model önerisinde bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre şefin tanınırlık düzeyi, yenilik ve yaratıcılık süreci, restoranın imajı, şefin bilgi, beceri ve başarısı şef imajının oluşumunda etkili değişkenlerdir. Şef imajı ise tüketici ve işletme yönünden farklı değişkenler üzerinde bir etki yaratma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra çalışmanın sonuçları şef imajı alanında yapılmış çalışmaların sınırlı olmasına karşın pratikte önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu tartışmaktadır. Çalışma sonunda teorik ve pratik öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Uzay Turizmine Holistik Bir Bakış: Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz (A Holistic Perspective on Space Tourism: A Bibliometric Analysis)
Authors: KARATAŞ BARAN Gülçin , YÜZBAŞIOĞLU Nedim
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda turizm endüstrisinin en çarpıcı ve ilgi çekici dallarından biri olan, büyük gelişmeler kaydeden, katma değeri ve geleceğe yönelik taşıdığı potansiyeli çok yüksek olan uzay turizmi ile ilgili sosyal bilimler alanında yer alan çalışmaların mevcut durumunu, gelişimini ve eğilimini bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile ortaya koyarak alanyazına holistik bir bakış açısı sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda, 2001-2023 yılları arasında Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanında uzay turizmi konusunda yayınlanan İngilizce makaleler incelenmiştir. Veriler “space tourism” anahtar kelimesi kullanılarak elde edilmiş ve analiz için VOSviewer bibliyometrik haritalama programı kullanılmış ve ortak yazarlık, atıf ağı, bibliyografik eşleşme, kavram birlikteliği gibi temel analiz teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre sosyal bilimler alanında uzay turizmine yönelik ilk çalışmanın 2001 yılında yayınlandığı, en fazla katkı yapan ülkenin İngiltere, en üretken kurumun Canterbury Üniversitesi olduğu ve alandaki öncü yazarların Han, Goehlich ve Crouch olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uzay turizmi ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaları temsil eden kavramların ise "uzay turizmi", "uzay seyahati" ve "turizm" olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Yemek Kültüründe Toplumsal Cinsiyet Normları (Gender Norms in Food Culture)
Authors: KOÇ Fatma , YAZICIOĞLU İrfan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışma, tüketim tercihleri ile toplumsal cinsiyet normları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, katılımcıların cinsiyet, medeni durum, yaş grubu, eğitim durumu ve meslek gruplarına bağlı olarak yemek kültürü, geleneksel cinsiyet rolleri, medya etkisi ve tüketim alışkanlıklarıyla ilgili algıları incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları geleneksel cinsiyet rollerinin tüketim tercihleri ile ilişkili olarak erkeklerin etkinliğini etkilediği, kadınların yemek pişirme konusunda endişeli olduğu ve medyanın cinsiyet temelli stereotipleri sürdürdüğü gibi toplumdaki yaygın düşünceleri ve algıları yansıtmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, cinsiyetle ilişkilendirilmiş toplumsal normların yemek kültürüne etkisini göstermektedir. Katılımcıların genellikle geleneksel cinsiyet rollerini kabul ettiği ve kadınların ev yemeğiyle ilişkilendirildiği ve toplumda erkeklerin yemekle ilgili konularda daha fazla otoriteye sahip olduğu düşünceleri öne çıkmakla birlikte, demografik faktörlerin katılımcıların algıları üzerinde etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu analizler, toplumsal normların ve beklentilerin bireylerin cinsiyetle ilgili tutumlarını nasıl etkilediğini anlamamıza yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Generalized charges, part I: Invertible symmetries and higher representations
Authors: Bhardwaj Lakshya , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura
Published: April 2024

qq-charges describe the possible actions of a generalized symmetry on qq-dimensional operators. In Part I of this series of papers, we describe qq-charges for invertible symmetries; while the discussion of qq-charges for non-invertible symmetries is the topic of Part II. We argue that qq-charges of a standard global symmetry, also known as a 0-form symmetry, correspond to the so-called (q+1)(q+1)-representations of the 0-form symmetry group, which are natural higher-categorical generalizations of the standard notion of representations of a group. This generalizes already our understanding of possible charges under a 0-form symmetry! Just like local operators form representations of the 0-form symmetry group, higher-dimensional extended operators form higher-representations. This statement has a straightforward generalization to other invertible symmetries: qq-charges of higher-form and higher-group symmetries are (q+1)(q+1)-representations of the corresponding higher-groups. There is a natural extension to higher-charges of non-genuine operators (i.e. operators that are attached to higher-dimensional operators), which will be shown to be intertwiners of higher-representations. This brings into play the higher-categorical structure of higher-representations. We also discuss higher-charges of twisted sector operators (i.e. operators that appear at the boundary of topological operators of one dimension higher), including operators that appear at the boundary of condensation defects.