Keragaan Konsumsi Pangan Hewani Berdasarkan Wilayah dan Pendapatan di Tingkat Rumah Tangga
Authors: Ariani Mewa , Suryana Achmad , Suhartini Sri Hastuti , Saliem Handewi Purwati 
Published: January 2019

<p>Consumption of animal food sources at the right amount is needed to help overcome nutrition problems, including stunting. Related to provision of animal food sources, Ministry of Agriculture has expanded the target of self sufficiency from beef only to animal protein from livestock. Related to this event, it is needed accurate information on consumption pattern of this food group. Objective of this writing is to present results of analyses on animal food consumption at household level identified by region and income class. Source of data used was Susenas 2014 from Statistic Indonesia with national coverage. Results of the analyses showed that participation rate and animal food consumption per capita were high at urban and highest income class households. At aggregate level, consumption per capita of livestock and fishery products by urban household were higher than that in rural areas. Type of animal food frequently consumed were broiler eggs, broiler chicken, and mackerel/tuna/skipjack. On the average, per capita beef consumption and consumption participation rate were low. Recommendation of this study is that efforts to achieve animal protein self sufficiency are done through intensification program on production and product development of livestock and fishery based products, development of infrastructure and marketing institution to expedite animal products’ distribution, maintain affordable and stable prices of animal protein sources, and intensive promotion of the importance of animal protein consumption in the context of diverse, nutritious balanced, and safe food pattern.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Konsumsi pangan sumber protein hewani dalam jumlah cukup diperlukan untuk membantu mengatasi berbagai permasalahan gizi, termasuk stunting. Terkait penyediaan pangan sumber protein hewani, Kementerian Pertanian memperluas sasaran swasembada dari hanya daging sapi menjadi protein hewani asal ternak. Sehubungan dengan itu, diperlukan informasi yang akurat terkait pola konsumsi kelompok pangan ini. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menyajikan hasil analisis berbagai pola konsumsi pangan hewani di tingkat rumah tangga yang dikaji berdasarkan kelas pendapatan dan wilayah tempat tinggal. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah hasil Susenas tahun 2014 dari BPS dengan cakupan nasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi dan besaran konsumsi pangan hewani tinggi pada rumah tangga di perkotaan dan pada rumah tangga berpendapatan tinggi. Secara aggregat, konsumsi produk peternakan dan perikanan di perkotaan lebih tinggi dibandingkan di pedesaan. Jenis pangan hewani yang banyak dikonsumsi adalah telur ayam ras, daging ayam ras dan ikan tongkol/tuna/cakalang. Rata-rata konsumsi daging sapi/kapita sangat rendah dan angka partisipasi konsumsi juga rendah. Disarankan upaya pencapaian swasembada protein hewani dilakukan melalui intensifikasi peningkatan produksi dan pengembangan produk pangan asal ternak dan ikan, pengembangan prasarana dan kelembagaan pemasaran untuk memperlancar distribusi, menjaga harga wajar serta stabil, dan promosi yang intensif atas pentingnya makan sumber pangan protein hewani dalam konteks pola makan beragam bergizi seimbang dan aman.</p>