bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Search for Underwater Targets for Ships Equipped with Hull Mounted Sonar Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Young Sang Hwang , Y. H. Ha
Published: July 2022

When a surface ship utilizes a hull-mounted sonar (HMS) to search for a target located in the water at sea, the maneuver path of the surface ship depends on the maximum detection range of the sonar. Because sonar utilizes sound waves, it is significantly influenced by the marine environment and the detection probability depends on the location and sound wave incident angle of the target. This study aims to calculate the detection probability by applying the actual marine environment, and proposes an optimal search path calculation method that maximizes the detection probability based on a genetic algorithm. The proposed optimal search path calculation method was proven to be effective via simulations in determining the optimal search.
Revision of the endemic African genus Dinapsis (Dinapsini, Megalyridae, Hymenoptera) with description of seven new species
Authors: van Noort Simon , Shaw Scott Richard , Copeland Robert S.
Published: July 2022

The endemic Afrotropical genusDinapsisis revised, and seven new species are described and illustrated:D. bicolorvan Noort & Shaw,sp. nov.,D. gamkavan Noort & Shaw,sp. nov.,D. igneusvan Noort & Shaw,sp. nov.,D. spinitibiavan Noort & Shaw,sp. nov.,D. taitavan Noort & Shaw,sp. nov.,D. tricolorShaw & van Noort,sp. nov.,D. zuluShaw & van Noort,sp. nov.The distribution of the Central African Republican speciesD. centralisShaw & van Noort, 2009 is extended to include Cameroon, Kenya and Uganda.Dinapsis turneriWaterston, 1922, previously only known from the poorly preserved holotype female, is redescribed based on newly collected specimens. The distribution of this Western Cape species is extended to include the Eastern and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. Four distinct species groups within the genus are proposed and diagnosed. An illustrated identification key to all described species ofDinapsisis provided. Online interactive Lucid keys to Afrotropical megalyrid genera andDinapsisspecies are available at http://www.waspweb.org.
Two new species of Anacaena Thomson, 1859 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from Northern Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Sanchez Enrico Gerard S. , Delocado Emmanuel D. , Freitag Hendrik
Published: July 2022

Two species ofAnacaenaThomson, 1859,A. angatbuhaysp. nov.andA. auxiliumsp. nov., are described from Northern Luzon, Philippines. The new species can be distinguished through colour, body shape, surface puncturation and characteristic aedeagi. Descriptions are provided and complemented with habitus photographs and drawings of the aedeagi. Data on genus distribution in the Philippines are reviewed and an updated Philippine checklist is provided.
Il soggetto della teologia e le sue passiones explicabiles in Alessandro Bonini di Alessandria († 1314) : Commento alle Sentenze , Prologo , q. 3-4
Authors: Riserbato Davide
Published: July 2022

L’article présente l’édition critique des troisième et quatrième questions, sur le sujet de la théologie, du Prologue au Premier Livre du Commentaire des Sentences ( redactio posterior ) du maître franciscain Alessandro Bonini d’Alexandrie († 1314). L’édition prend en compte les sept manuscrits jusqu’ici connus. L’étude introductive tente de contextualiser les deux questions du Prologue, en soulignant leurs principaux apports théoriques.
Der Brieftraktat des Heymericus de Campo für Papst Eugen IV. (20. Juni 1446)
Authors: Imbach Ruedi , Ladner Pascal
Published: July 2022

Le texte ici publié, conservé dans un manuscrit d’Uppsala (C 610), est une lettre que Heymeric de Campo (1395-1460) a adressée le 20 juin 1446 au pape Eugène IV. Dans cet écrit, Heymeric défend une position différente de celle qu’il prônait auparavant, à propos du rapport entre le pape et le concile général, lorsqu’il argumentait en faveur de la suprématie du concile. Il y expose une position pondérée en faveur de la primauté du pape. Ce texte extrêmement difficile à comprendre ne contribue pas seulement à une meilleure connaissance de la pensée du professeur lovanien mais enrichit également l’histoire des conciles, puisque Heymeric y propose la convocation d’un nouveau concile.
Il était une fois… des fins et des faims défuntes
Authors: Pilyser Ève
Published: July 2022

L’auteure se penche sur des fins de contes célèbres, restées dans l’oubli. Faisant le choix d’une lecture littérale, et non projective, elle met en exergue les sentiments contre-œdipiens parentaux en jeu dans ces récits. Sentiments dont l’occultation dans les théories psychanalytiques est à la mesure de ces quelques fins, parmi d’autres. Cette approche découvre d’autres faims, sur un versant archaïque où le pulsionnel et l’alimentaire se confondent, éclairant la compréhension de l’anorexie mentale à partir de la problématique œdipienne transgénérationelle qui la sous-tend. À la toute fin des faims, c’est la question de l’individuation au féminin qui s’invite sous un jour inédit…
La retraite comme Odyssée
Authors: Blanché Anasthasia
Published: July 2022

Lorsqu’arrive le temps de la retraite, qu’elle soit fort attendue ou redoutée, dans le contexte social et politique actuel, le sujet est confronté à un remaniement identitaire profond. Il est invité à redéfinir et décliner autrement son rapport à l’espace, au temps, à soi, aux autres et au monde, dans la nécessité de retrouver un nouveau sens à sa vie. Comment exister sans le travail ? En suivant l’odyssée d’Ulysse, héros de l’aventure humaine, nous aborderons les questions délicates qui surviennent de la retraite à la fin de la vie. Comment se séparer de la « maison-mère », renoncer à son identité sociale en devenant « personne », ne pas être envahi par les tentations d’isolement, d’autodestruction, de refuge dans le passé et de perte du sens de la vie alors que la jeunesse disparaît et que nous sommes confrontés à notre finitude ? Des épreuves nous attendent, mais avec un bon guide, il est possible de naviguer en évitant les principaux écueils qui jalonnent la route, et en apprenant, à chaque épreuve, une nouvelle forme d’intériorité.
Énergie et lenteur
Authors: Agnel Aimé
Published: July 2022

Un patient ne peut supporter ni la fin d’un film, ni celle d’une séance. En fin d’analyse et en profonde régression, il fait des rêves surprenants – pour lui, très déterminants – d’hommes feuilles vivant au ralenti, sur le tempo régulier de la sève et les rythmes calmes, riches en énergie, du monde végétal.
De la fin de l’analyse à la fin de la vie, le symbole toujours
Authors: Mignet Mariette
Published: July 2022

La mort comme but ultime se prépare-t-elle dans l’inconscient ? Les différentes fins qui nous sont données à vivre, comme par exemple la fin de l’analyse et la fin d’être analyste, sont-elles ou non des sortes de préparation à la fin ultime qu’est la mort ? Le besoin de créer des images symboliques, aussi bien pour ceux qui restent que pour celui ou celle qui va partir se présente comme une manière de vivre face à la mort.
L’affaire du voile islamique de Creil : logiques d’une controverse qui n’en finit pas
Authors: Panero Alain
Published: July 2022

Trente ans après l’affaire du voile islamique de Creil, et malgré l’abondante littérature qui lui a été consacrée, on peine encore à saisir la logique profonde qui a gouverné les différentes prises de position sur cette question. D’autant que l’arbitrage juridique qui, en mars 2004, a interdit le port de signes religieux ostensibles, n’a pas fait cesser toute querelle, comme cela aurait pourtant dû être le cas. Nous proposons ici une sorte de reconstruction synthétique et idéaltypique (et non pas « vraie » ou « historique ») des grandes logiques qui, d’après ce que nous avons pu lire (et nous n’avons pas pu tout lire, même si notre démarche a des allures de note de synthèse), s’entrechoquent encore souterrainement. Entrechoquement structurel qui empêcherait ce qui n’est pourtant, en surface, qu’une simple controverse, de prendre fin.
L’internement psychiatrique au Québec. Du Grand Renfermement à la gestion des risques, l’histoire d’une sur-judiciarisation
Authors: Bernheim Emmanuelle
Published: July 2022

L’histoire psychiatrique québécoise est marquée par une surinstitutionnalisation suivie d’une longue et chaotique désinstitutionnalisation. Les réformes de l’internement civil et administratif, datant des années 1990, visaient à protéger les droits des personnes internées en judiciarisant les processus décisionnels, en encadrant le déroulement des mesures d’internement et en limitant l’atteinte aux droits. Les personnes internées continuent ainsi d’exercer leurs droits civils, notamment celui de consentir à leurs soins. Les recherches menées sur les pratiques d’internement arrivent à deux constats. Premièrement, les violations des droits des personnes internées sont monnaie courante autant dans les milieux hospitaliers que judiciaires. Deuxièmement, le nombre d’internements civils et administratifs ne cesse d’augmenter et ils concernent le plus souvent des personnes vivant dans la pauvreté et marginalisées. Les mêmes personnes faisant l’objet de multiples procédures judiciaires, il faut conclure qu’en matière d’internement psychiatrique au Québec, la sur-institutionnalisation a fait place à une sur-judiciarisation.
Description and Validation of the Anterior Glenoid Angle: A Novel MRI-Based Measure of Glenoid Morphologic Features and Version
Authors: Antonacci Christopher L. , Abdelshahed Mina , Omari Ali , Cutalo Michael , Fritz Russell C. , Alberta Frank G.
Published: July 2022

The goal of this study was to establish a normal value for, and evaluate the reliability of, a new measurement of glenoid morphologic features using magnetic resonance imaging: the anterior glenoid angle. A total of 90 magnetic resonance imaging scans of patients without shoulder arthritis were reviewed. The anterior glenoid angle of each glenoid was measured by 4 blinded physicians. The images were randomized and measured again. Finally, the Friedman angle was measured on the same images for reference. Descriptive statistics and inter- and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. The mean anterior glenoid angle was 60.4°±3.6°. Of the measured values, 77% were between 56° and 64°. Intraobserver reliability was very good to excellent in single measure (range, 0.763–0.901) and mean measure (range, 0.865–0.948) comparisons. Interobserver reliability was very good to excellent in both single measure (0.769) and mean measure (0.964) comparisons. The mean Friedman angle was 10.2°. Correlation between the anterior glenoid angle and Friedman angle ranged from a moderate negative (−0.496) to a strong negative correlation (−0.711) among the observers. The mean anterior glenoid angle measured via magnetic resonance imaging scan was 60.4° in normal shoulders, and more than 75% of the values were within 4° of the mean. The anterior glenoid angle has excellent inter- and intrarater reliability without using computed tomography scan or including the entire scapula in the field of view. The anterior glenoid angle has a good to very good negative correlation with the Friedman angle because decreasing anterior glenoid angles indicate increasing retroversion. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(6):361–366.]
Characterizing the existence of positive periodic solutions in the weighted periodic-parabolic degenerate logistic equation
Authors: Aleja David , Antón Inmaculada , López-Gómez Julián
Published: July 2022

The main goal of this paper is to characterize the existence of positive periodic solutions for a general class of weighted periodic-parabolic logistic problems of degenerate type (see (1)). This result provides us with is an optimal substantial generalization of the previous findings of the authors in [1] and [2].
Disease transmission dynamics of an epidemiological predator-prey system in open advective environments
Authors: Li Shuai , Yuan Sanling , Wang Hao
Published: July 2022

This paper delves into the dynamics of a spatial eco-epidemiological system with disease spread within the predator population in open advective environments. The disease-free subsystem is first discussed, and the net reproductive rate \begin{document}$ R_P $\end{document} is established to determine whether the predator can invade successfully. The impacts of advection rate on \begin{document}$ R_P $\end{document} are also discussed. Then for the scenario of successful invasion of the predator, sufficient conditions for the prevalence of disease and the local stability of disease-free attractor are obtained by dint of persistence theory and comparison theorem. Finally, we present a special numerical example, in which the basic reproduction ratio \begin{document}$ R_0 $\end{document} of the disease is established in the absence or presence of periodic perturbation. Our theoretical and numerical results both indicate that the advection rate in an intermediate interval can favor the coexistence of prey and healthy predator as well as the eradication of disease.
Quotient reflective subcategories of the category of bounded uniform filter spaces
Authors: Khadim Sana , Qasim Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Previously, several notions of $ T_{0} $ and $ T_{1} $ objects have been studied and examined in various topological categories. In this paper, we characterize each of $ T_{0} $ and $ T_{1} $ objects in the categories of several types of bounded uniform filter spaces and examine their mutual relations, and compare that with the usual ones. Moreover, it is shown that under $ T_{0} $ (resp. $ T_{1} $) condition, the category of preuniform (resp. semiuniform) convergence spaces and the category of bornological (resp. symmetric) bounded uniform filter spaces are isomorphic. Finally, it is proved that the category of each of $ T_{0} $ (resp. $ T_{1} $) bounded uniform filter space are quotient reflective subcategories of the category of bounded uniform filter spaces.
The gloria mundi of SYK does not transit yet
Authors: Khveshchenko Dmitri V.
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses the examples of 0+1-dimensional Liouvillean dynamics instigated by the various deformations of the Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev (SYK) model. In reference to such deformations the main focus is on the regions of parameter space where the competing SYK couplings are of a comparable strength and cannot be treated as each other’s perturbations in the vicinity of the conformal fixed points corresponding to the pure SYKq models with different values of q. Crossovers between such fixed points (‘SYK transits’) can be efficiently studied in the equivalent framework of single-particle quantum mechanics.
UVOD: LE Z DRUGIMI SMO: MIGRACIJE IN IZOBRAŽEVANJE
Authors: Vižintin Marijanca Ajša
Published: July 2022

Tematski sklop »Le z drugimi smo: Migracije in izobraževanje« predstavlja enega od zaključkov petletnega nacionalnega projekta »Le z drugimi smo« (2016–2021). Strokovnjakinje in strokovnjaki ZRC SAZU in Pedagoškega inštituta so s številnimi zunanjimi sodelavkami in sodelavci izvajali predavanja, delavnice in diskusije za pedagoške delavke in delavce. Ti so v času univerzitetnega izobraževanja pridobili premalo znanja o slovenskem izseljevanju za poučevanje v jezikovno, versko in etnično raznolikih razredih in skupinah (Kalc et al., 2020; Trebše Štolfa & Klemenčič, 2001). Vzgojiteljice in vzgojitelji, učiteljice in učitelji se vseživljenjsko izobražujejo, si izmenjujejo znanje in izkušnje ter pridobivajo nova znanja, kompetence in spretnosti, saj se družba ves čas spreminja. Ljudje se priseljujejo, ker jih potrebujemo (Kajzer et al., 2019), in izseljujejo, ker vidijo svojo prihodnost drugje. Za delavkami in delavci, ki jim izdajamo delovna dovoljenja, prihajajo njihove družine, saj želijo živeti skupaj. Zaradi vojn in nasilja prihajajo begunke, begunci. Migracije so vedno bile, so in bodo.
Učenci s priseljenskim ozadjem pri pouku na daljavo v drugem valu epidemije bolezni Covid-19 v Sloveniji
Authors: Gril Alenka , Autor Sabina , Žmavc Janja
Published: July 2022

V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate raziskave o učinkovitih prilagoditvah pouka na daljavo za učence s priseljenskim ozadjem v drugem valu epidemije v Sloveniji. Odgovori majhnih vzorcev učiteljev (N = 29) na spletno anketo nakazujejo upad težav z opremo IKT v primerjavi s prvim valom, medtem ko so se še vedno prisotne težave, povezane z učenjem in učnim jezikom ter posledicami socialne izolacije. Učitelji so individualizirali način poučevanja in učne pomoči glede na zaznane jezikovne in učne težave ter osebne stiske. Raznojezični pristopi so se izkazali za učinkovite pri zagotavljanju inkluzivnega poučevanja v večkulturnih okoljih in bi jih veljalo krepiti tudi pri pouku v šoli.
Book Review - Elena Sommer, Social Capital as a Resource for Migrant Entrepreneurship: Self-Employed Migrants from the Former Soviet Union in Germany Munich: Springer VS, 2020, 331 pp.
Authors: Kryvenko Yulia
Published: July 2022

According to the author, this book aims to explore the accessibility and use of social capital within and outside the migrant community from the former Soviet Union (FSU) for migrant enterprises that operate in various markets over time. Elena Sommer’s book aims to shed light on a phenomenon that has spawned an international lexicon of words and phrases that include “ethnic entrepreneurship,” “ethnic business,” or “ethnic economy,” “middleman minority,” “sojourners,” “transculturality,” “orthodox ethnicity,” and “reactive ethnicity.” In her exploratory research, based on evidence from 62 qualitative interviews, Sommer examines the usage of social capital for entrepreneurial practices of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany. The study resulted from the author’s doctoral research at Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences (BIGSSS). It was designed to show how business-related social relationships are influenced by a company’s marketing policy and access to specific entrepreneurial social networks. The author investigates the types of relationship networks migrants use as a platform for creating and growing small enterprises and how migrants’ entrepreneurial social networks evolve.
De la crise de l’accueil à la crise provoquée. Évolution des dénominations en contexte migratoire belge
Authors: Balty Cécile , Mistiaen Valériane
Published: July 2022

La présente analyse de discours s’interroge sur la production, l’usage et la circulation des dénominations construites sur base du syntagme nominal la crise pour désigner le phénomène migratoire en Belgique. Utilisées par les différents acteurs de la migration, celles-ci deviennent des objets de lutte en discours, donnant à voir le rôle de chaque acteur dans la production et la circulation des dénominations du phénomène migratoire et les enjeux que portent celles-ci.
From the reception crisis to the provoked crisis. Evolution of denominations in the Belgian migratory context
Authors: Balty Cécile , Mistiaen Valériane
Published: July 2022

This discourse analysis examines the production, use, and circulation of denominations constructed on the basis of the NS the crisis to designate the migration phenomenon in Belgium. Through their usage by the various actors involved in migration, denominations turn into objects of conflict in discourse. This discursive tension reveals the roles each actor plays in producing and circulating terms about the migration phenomenon, as well as the issues implicit in the denominations themselves.
Discursive construction of the perception of refugees in 2015-2016 in Germany, in the Land of Baden-Württemberg and its municipalities
Authors: Perron Catherine
Published: July 2022

In the fall of 2015, Germany was an exception in Europe. There were two reasons for this: the very high number of people who arrived on its territory, and above all a political, media and societal discourse that was at odds with the idea of a crisis, and which was moreover, favourable to the welcome of foreigners (Willkommenskultur).Based on this observation and on a multi-scalar analysis, centred on the regional level (that of the Land of Baden-Württemberg and its municipalities), this article proposes to analyse the discursive construction of migrant-reception over the period 2015-2016 and, henceforth, to question the performative dimension of the discourse. The aim is to trace the genesis of discursive frameworks in relation to the federal migration policies of the 2000s and the reorientation of the integration policy for migrants carried out by the Land when the Green party came to power in 2011. To this end, the temporal and spatial emergence, the changes in meaning and resistance, and even the transfers between spheres (economic, media, political) and levels (national, regional and local) of two main discourses are studied: the Willkommenskultur discourse and the crisis discourse. Particular attention is paid to the effects of inter-discourses and the memorial reconstruction of past policies (migration and asylum) on crisis framing, in other words, on the negative contents usually resulting from the association of the terms migration and crisis.
Performance Funding and Higher Education Inequality
Authors: Shen Ivy
Published: July 2022

Performance funding uses financial incentives to motivate institutions to improve student outcomes and college completion. Perceiving this funding strategy as a helpful mechanism to stimulate better higher education outcomes, many states adopted the policy. Empirical evidence suggests that many of these models have done little to improve student success overall. Further, research indicates that some institutions inflate graduation rates and selectively admit students in order to obtain more state funding. Institutions that have a sizable population of underrepresented students may receive inadequate funding due to their low graduation rates. This chapter reviews the history of performance management reform, explains how it spurs the popularity of performance funding in higher education, analyzes the policy's downfalls, explores the policy's potential contribution to the intensifying higher education inequality, and discusses solutions to overcome the policy's challenges.
Organizational Greening and Green-Lean Management
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to analyze the implications of organizational greening and green-lean management. It is assumed that organizational green management is a critical factor on environmental and socio-socio socio ecosystem development in any green economy. The method used is the critical analysis based on the review of the literature and linked to practice in organizational settings. The analysis concludes that the organizational greening and green-lean management use organizational resources more efficiently, enhance innovation capabilities, facilitates institutional and organizational changes, processes, and products, enter new markets, and improve the socio environmental organizational competitive advantage.
College Recommendation System Using K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Chadha Harshita , Gupta Shruti , Sharma Neelam , Pathak Nitish
Published: July 2022

Machine learning is one of the most exciting technologies of the 21st century. This is true both because of the complex issues it possesses the capability to solve, as well as its wide range of application areas. One of the most apparent applications of this technology is in the form of recommendation systems. The chapter outlines a clustering-based recommendation system and contrasts the viability of such systems in comparison with traditional recommender methodologies. The utility of such systems is further highlighted by the demonstration of an application. Utilizing massive online data and the foursquare application programming interface, the colleges across the US have been clustered into groups based on the similarity indexes. This segmentation is then used to present a rudimentary recommendation system that can prove to be useful for prospective students looking to make decisions about higher education institutions to find universities similar to the ones they already have in mind.
Source Identification of Documents Based on LOOP Features
Authors: Gonasagi Pushpalata , Hangarge Mallikarjun
Published: July 2022

Pinpointing the ownership of documents based on printers is a challenging task. However, many methods have been proposed to identify the printers through printed documents. In this task, the chapter explores a method in simple way to identify the laser printer models. The LOOP (local optimal oriented pattern) method is applied to discriminate 10 laser printer models based on the character images. LOOP is an efficient descriptor to differentiate the images. A 10-fold cross-validation technique is used to classify the printers. The classifiers, namely Linear SVM (support vector machine) and Quadratic SVM, are applied to classify the laser printer models based on the documents at a character level. The experimental result shows that the proposed method is robust and outperforms comparable counterparts in the literature survey. The authors have achieved an average accuracy of Linear and Quadratic SVM classifiers of 99.2% and 99.8%, respectively.
Time Series Prediction for Stock Market Analysis
Authors: Kaushik Akshita , Dhamija Akanksha , Sharma Shriya , Jindal Raghav
Published: July 2022

The stock market is an ideal way to invest money and earn potential returns. But, even with advanced technology and computational power, this chapter still cannot predict the patterns of rise and fall in the stock market, and still, it is considered a risky business. To ease the process of investment and to provide better consciousness, this chapter proposes the prediction of stock market deviation using the ARIMA (auto-regressive integrated moving average) algorithm and long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm. This chapter is using an algorithm which is trying to predict the future pattern for any stock based on the real-time analysis and data provided from Yahoo Finance data. The software provides pictorial and graphical representations. The objective is to provide short-term and long-term prediction competence to prepare for future potential investments.
Post-COVID-19 Transformations for Future of Work and Small Business Sustainability
Authors: Ghosh Nitu , Sigdyal Pratigya , Ramya U.  , Khursheed Roohi
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has created shockwaves across the globe and impacted businesses and economies. Enormous disruptive transformations have happened in the work models and systems to enable businesses to flexibly operate, sustain, and remain agile in uncertain times. The future of work, which seemed uncertain post-pandemic, has reached normalcy due to the organisational resilience and strategic responses shown by organisational leaders and small businesses. Although small businesses across the world have been impacted negatively leading to closures, financial crunches, and job losses worldwide, many have shown signs of resilience and recovery. The chapter throws light on the work transformations across economies and strategic responses to deal with them. It describes the challenges faced by various small businesses and the way they have been flexible and resilient. The chapter proposes a framework for building an inclusive economy that has been asserted to be the solution to a sustainable and resilient future in times of uncertainties and crises.
Why “Race Neutral” Policy Fails Black Small Business Owners
Authors: Nurse Saran
Published: July 2022

Utilizing critical race theory as the analytical lens, this chapter explores how the Paycheck Protection Program, which did not specify preference to race of applicant, nevertheless resulted in racialized outcomes. The chapter examines the program's primary features to understand whether the appearance of race neutrality obscures a White normative standard embedded within the program. The examination reveals that the program's design was more aligned with the White small business owner experience and that policymakers failed to adequately consider the unique needs of Black small business owners in formulating the program. The author argues that the program was therefore more accessible to White small business owners, was more beneficial to them, and helped to perpetuate the White advantage in small business outcomes. The chapter concludes with the recommendation that future small business policies should follow a targeted universalism approach. Suggestions for redesigning the Paycheck Protection Program, or similar small business policy, are provided.
Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities Faced by Youth Entrepreneurs During COVID-19 in South Africa
Authors: Ngcongo Luyanda , Ramraj Andrisha Beharry
Published: July 2022

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) has made a huge impact on the world economy. Many countries, including South Africa, are searching for strategies to mitigate the pandemic's economic disruption. The crisis seems to have had an especially negative impact on youth entrepreneurs. Most entrepreneurs have reacted by using bootstrapping techniques; however, young entrepreneurs were not familiar with these techniques and moved to rather digitise their businesses during COVID-19. Resilience and policy measures such as structural support are seen as strategies that will sustain entrepreneurs post COVID-19.
An Evaluation of How Tourism Entrepreneurs Were Impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maphumulo Nondumiso , Ramraj Andrisha Beharry
Published: July 2022

The Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has had a devastating impact on tourism entrepreneurs around the world. Tourism is South Africa has been at a temporary standstill since March 2020. The harsh effects of the pandemic have affected economies all over the world, resulting in a significant increase in global unemployment. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry was one of the fastest-growing industries in the world, contributing 10.48% to the global gross domestic product (GDP).
Local Lessons During a Global Crisis
Authors: Williams Ronald Coleman , Holman Will , Fuchs Jeff
Published: July 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic has been pervasive. From the first report by the World Health Organization (WHO) of a “mysterious pneumonia” sickening dozens in Wuhan, China to 5,680,741 deaths, every social and economic system has been challenged. This descriptive case study utilizes a process of analytic induction to examine Makers Unite, a collaborative personal protection equipment (PPE) production project spearheaded by Open Works, a makerspace in Baltimore, Maryland. The organization produced 28,270 face shields in 56 days, averaging a production rate of 496 per day, serving over 100 clients, and resulting in a contract to produce face shields for meatpacking inspectors. The project included six full-time staff members, five temporary part-time staff members, a network of 388 volunteers and 3D printers, and two partner organizations. The study reveals best practices for establishing Lean small-scale manufacturing, developing institutional trust, community collaboration, and developing a more inclusive, agile supply chain in healthcare equipment production.
Entrepreneurship Skills Development in TVET Through Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships
Authors: Legg-Jack Dagogo William
Published: July 2022

With the outbreak of the coronavirus, the economies of developing economies, which have already been plagued by youth unemployment and poverty, became more vulnerable as the virus exacerbated the situation and resulted in more job losses. Consequently, to mitigate the effect of the virus on the developing economies post COVID-19, the chapter argues that developing entrepreneurship skills in technical and vocational education and training through a multi-stakeholder partnership remains a viable strategy. Thus, through an exploratory approach, the chapter reviewed related literature on the subject under study. The findings highlighted the following multi-stakeholders, namely the training institutions, enterprises (formal and informal), government, and non-governmental organisations, among others. Thus, this chapter concludes that collaboration between these mentioned stakeholders would aid in the development of the much-needed entrepreneurship skills in TVET, thereby serving as a recovery strategy for developing economies.
Introducing an Interdisciplinary Course Into General Higher Education
Authors: Yu Liguo
Published: July 2022

This chapter describes a new interdisciplinary course introduced at Indiana University South Bend. The course is designed for students of any majors to meet their general education requirement on ‘the natural world' subject. The course topics are divided into three parts. First, using ‘information' as the main thread, this course connects physical information, chemical information, biological information, and social information. Second, using basic computing model and information entropy, this course generalizes information and information theory. Third, information is correlated to cutting-edge computing topics such as quantum computing, complexity, and uncertainty. The main objective of this course is to provide an outline of information theory to students using an interdisciplinary approach.
Applying Active Methodologies in Complex Subjects at University
Authors: Gómez-Ortega Alba , Macías-Guillén Almudena
Published: July 2022

This study describes an experience carried out at a university that combines problem-based learning and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The activity pursues to deepen the learning of a subject with complex and singular content, taking as a reference the study of real cases. Specifically, the aim is to develop knowledge about the different sectoral accounting standards that are applied in the preparation of companies' financial information. The student checks for himself the usefulness of accounting knowledge to understand the financial situation of real companies. The results show a generalized improvement in student motivation and in results obtained in the subject. It demonstrates how in complex subjects that are less attractive to students active methodologies can be used to connect with them. They learn to take advantage of the resources offered by ICT to access information of great relevance in the business world.
Teaching Innovation Through the Use of Hashtag in Social Networks for the Educational Development of University Students of Accounting and Finance
Authors: Fernández-Fernández María , Martínez-Navalón Juan Gabriel
Published: July 2022

This research will focus on a specific case of teaching innovation involving the use of the “hashtag” phenomenon on the digital platform Twitter by students as a measure of educational improvement. The objective, therefore, is to analyze how this system acts a teaching innovation measure in the educational development of university students. This experience puts into practice the use of social networks as platforms for publication and analysis of relevant news in university students. The sample analyzed is composed of accounting and finance students enrolled in the subjects of Financial Management and Working Capital Management at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos in three different campuses, where the teaching innovation system was only applied in two of the campus, and results were compared. The purpose, therefore, is to observe and analyze how this innovation system affects the group and what results are obtained in comparison with the group that did not apply it.
Technology-Based Gamification in the Classroom
Authors: Díaz-Garrido Eloísa , Martín-Peña María Luz , García-Magro Cristina
Published: July 2022

This chapter describes the process of designing, developing, and implementing a gamification strategy in a Production Management course. The online tool Genially was used for this purpose. The strategy of using gamification as a learning method allows students not only to acquire and enhance their learning but also to develop competencies and capabilities such as problem solving, teamwork, communication, information management, and critical thinking. It also incentivizes learning self-regulation in an attractive way, thanks to the potential of games to influence the behavior and motivation of students. This chapter lists the steps required to develop and implement gamification in the classroom, describes the implementation of gamification in a specific course, and discusses the results of the experience.
Service-Learning as a Teaching Methodology
Authors: Bernabé Lidia Iniesta , Lacárcel Francisco Javier S. , Rabadán Rubio Jose Antonio
Published: July 2022

Educational methodology evolves over time in search of an improvement in the student's learning process, taking into account a practical aspect in its path towards teaching. This chapter presents the service-learning methodology in which, while the learner offers a service to the community in order to improve it, the student learns moral values as well as the basic competences of the educational field. Service-learning is a method for linking educational success and social commitment, since learning brings quality to the service provided and service gives meaning to learning. This study analyses the case of the Sagrado Corazón of Pamplona School as a result of the application of the service-learning methodology within the school's educational programme.
“Case” as “Text” in the Class
Authors: Nair D. Radhakrishnan , Joy Justin
Published: July 2022

The research work undertakes to examine “case,” “case study,” and “case pedagogy.” As the first step, the chapter explores the feel of the Case. This leads to a further investigation and lets out certain malfunctions: gross lapses, loopholes, casualties, and shortcomings. Case then has been subjected to further investigations. Keeping intact the primary concerns of case scan and its explications thereupon, the study takes up the interpretations and intricacies involved in understanding the case. These expose the puzzles involved in the pedagogical exercises in educational institutions. The research with astute expedience does the operation with logical reasoning. The work leads to proper remedial measures and redefines case and case grasp. Using theory of ontology, case is subjected to closer examination. Theory of epistemology further deepens research pursuits to unravel a few more case mysteries. From these, the authors evolve a few keys and tips to study case more effectively. All help readers build up exemplary teaching methods and effective learning concepts.
Understanding the Challenges of Leveraging Information and Communications Technology in Education
Authors: Ilic Peter
Published: July 2022

This chapter will explore barriers to information and communication technology (ICT) adoption in the educational context. The first section of this chapter is a brief background to the subject of ICT in education. The second section will be a brief history of how educational theory has influenced ICT adoption in education. Section 3 will be a detailed literature review of barriers to technology adoption faced by educational administrators, instructional designers, educators, and learners. The final section introduces a case study of the Japanese context to illustrate the real-world challenges faced at the national level in providing the support needed to incorporate many of these technologies into an existing educational system.
A Reappraisal of Foreign Language Listening Skill for the 21st Century ELT
Authors: Gökmen Muhammed Fatih
Published: July 2022

The changing face of the world has affected the education and research of language skills. The long-discussed listening skill has changed as well by incorporating and directing listening development outside the classroom by virtue of technological aids besides the intensive instruction of listening in the classrooms in the form of skills and strategy training. Therefore, a reappraisal of listening skill was needed and is shown by reviewing the historical journey of listening instruction and digital aids in reorganizing the instruction of listening inside and outside the classroom. A small-scale personal and professional theory of listening instruction and future research trajectories for listening researchers were concocted.
CALL Pedagogical Training
Authors: Pham Duc Huu
Published: July 2022

The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult for schools and universities to solve numerous pedagogical issues. These educational institutions have to find new solutions to these issues through online learning. Teachers must work out efficient and effective methods and activities in online delivery, and the use of computer technology gradually becomes necessary. This chapter focuses on analyzing online language teacher education in the developing countries such as Vietnam and using computer technology in online EFL classes. Therefore, teacher educators and in-service teachers need to possess knowledge of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) applications to improve teaching and learning practices. The chapter investigates groups of in-service teachers learning to teach EFL. The findings and the critical analysis indicated positive and negative aspects of online language teacher education using CALL. Future CALL research with online courses will focus on language teaching with more linguistic features in accordance with the fast technological enhancements.
Addressing Critical Challenges of Accessibility and Mobility in Peripheral Areas Toward Sustainable Spatial Development and Infrastructure Provision
Authors: Behradfar Arian , Castanho Rui Alexandre
Published: July 2022

European borderlands characteristics are determined by the interaction of differences in geography along with various conflicts in demographic and socio-economic factors. These regions are more isolated than the other areas due to the barriers that restrain the opportunity to interact with cross-border areas. Most cases of border areas are isolated in their own geography. During the last decade, the European Union has designed and implemented several integration procedures to accelerate the transform process of borderlands from primarily peripheral regions into interesting spots for sustainability growth. Addressing accessibility and mobility issues in peripheral regions requires a comprehensive view of the factors and indicators at multiple scales and levels. Mobility-oriented accessibility planning approaches miss some inherent aspects related to spatial and socio-economic circumstances. When moving from theory to practice, analyzing how mobility is addressed by current strategies has resulted in emerging some challenges and inconsistencies in transport systems and infrastructure.
Assessment of the Urban Land Area in the Municipalities of the Community of Madrid in 1990, 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018
Authors: Naranjo Gómez José Manuel , Cabezas José , Martín-Gallardo José
Published: July 2022

The city of Madrid is the capital of Spain, and the urban sprawl has been important and continuous over the years. There has been a spillover effect since the use of urban land has increased in the municipalities around the capital. Among other factors, the price of housing is increasingly high in Madrid. Thus, in the municipalities near the capital, the population makes trips to work but then returns to their municipality to reside, where the housing price is lower. Satellite images through Land Cover Corine have made it possible to quantify the hectares destined for urban use in 1990, 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018 through a geographic information system (GIS). It has been possible to identify those municipalities of the autonomous community that have grown better as continuous urban fabric or discontinuous urban fabric. Therefore, it has been possible to identify municipalities most influenced by the capital.
Breaking the Vicious Cycle Between Migration and Environmental Degradation
Authors: Gedikli Ayfer , Taş Nur Billur , Yalçın Abdullah Kutalmış
Published: July 2022

For many decades the world witnessed mass displacements. Migration can be either voluntary or forced depending on the reasons. Mass migration can be also due to climate changes that harden the living conditions. Since there is a bidirectional nexus between migration and environmental degradation, the dramatic increase of refugees, asylum seekers, and immigrants greatly affect the environment and conservation efforts. Globally, the movement of people has caused different types of ecosystem changes including deforestation, water, and air pollution, as well as increased waste. Furthermore, as a two-edged sword for conservation, urbanization and growing population cause increasing per capita demand for energy, goods, and services. In this chapter, migration and sudden-onset and slow-onset hazards, the correlation between migration and environmental degradation, environmental and economic effects on the destination, as well as the role of government during migration processes will be analyzed.
Valuing Forest Ecosystem Services in Portugal
Authors: Rosário José Victorino Cristiano do , Madureira Lívia
Published: July 2022

The national literature on forest ecosystem valuation is scarce and little is known about how important the valuation of forest ecosystem services and their internalization in low density regions of Portugal are. Hence, there is a need for technicians, academics, and researchers to mitigate this knowledge gap through further research in this area. The chapter is a literature review with the objective of systematizing and synthesizing the knowledge produced in the period between 1992 and 2021 with regard to estimates of the economic value of forest ecosystem services in Portugal as well as finding evidence that relates the mechanisms of internalization of externalities in the sustainable development of low-density regions. A meta-regression was estimated, and the results indicate 220 international dollar/hectare/year in 2019 (190 euros/hectare/year) for forest ecosystem services in Portugal. Payment mechanisms for non-market forest ecosystem are still at an embryonic stage, which does not allow an accurate measurement of their real contribution to the sustainability of low-density regions.
My Freedom Framework
Authors: Duff Rosalynne Elisabeth
Published: July 2022

ACTS of Liberation is a freedom framework for any educator grappling with mitigating the mental, emotional, social, and spiritual stress (MESS) of higher education. It is a systematic practice developed over a 14-year career in education as a student, teacher, and teacher educator. ACTS is an acronym with roots in African American legacy of liberation through activism, contemplative practice, truth-telling, and soulfulness. Written in the genre of Black Women memoir, this chapter is a transformative narrative about the author's experience as a Black woman matriculating through three stages of higher learning, undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral studies. At each stage, there is an issue (MESS) in the academy, a creative resolution, and application of the ACTS framework.
Give and Take, the Love and Hate Relationship
Authors: Lundquist Felicia
Published: July 2022

Navigating the academic terrain as unapologetically Black, multiracial, multiethnic women can be an uphill battle. Constantly negotiating obstacles and the emotional labor of teaching critical content is exhausting. Black women are underrepresented in higher education, particularly given the demographics of the students, faculty, and staff at PWIs; the recruitment, retention, support, and sustainability of Black women across colleges and universities throughout the U.S. remains problematic. This is compounded by a culture of business, or “busyness,” as usual. Higher Education enforces a work-centric system with increased initiatives and limited resources that aren't enough in a post-George Floyd era, in which colleges are leaning even more on EDI roles, where bias is a buzzword and action, advocacy, and activism aren't “really” seen as scholarship and where respect, empathy, accountability, and communication are some comm”UNITY” norms that we strive to “REACH” while engaged in emotional labor that rarely is acknowledged and hardly gets rewarded and is often gendered and racialized.