bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and biochemical spectrum of metabolic cardiomyopathy in Egyptian children
Authors: Salah Seliem Zeinab , Ahmed Mehaney Dina , Abd elmoteleb Selim Laila , Ali El-Saiedi Sonia , Ibrahim Ismail Reem , Magdi Almenabawy Nihal , Ibrahim Ammar Rasha , AbdElsattar Saad Inas , Mosad Soliman Mohammed , A Elmonem Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Background: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) commonly present with pediatric cardiomyopathy. Identification of the underlying cause is necessary as it may lead to improved outcomes.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic rate, the clinical, and biochemical spectra of IEMs among Egyptian pediatric patients presenting with cardiomyopathy, and their outcome measures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, biochemical, and radiological data of 1512 children diagnosed with cardiomyopathy at Cairo University Children’s Hospital over a 5-year duration.

Results: Two hundred twenty-nine children were clinically suspected as IEMs and underwent metabolic workup. Nineteen different IEMs were confirmed in 57 (24.4%) of the suspected children. Their median age at presentation was 2.6 years and the majority had extra-cardiac manifestations. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy represented 43/57 (75.4%) of confirmed cases, while dilated cardiomyopathy represented 13/57 (22.8%), and one patient presented with a mixed phenotype. Twenty- six patients (45.6%) survived, while 31 patients (54%) either died or were lost to follow up and assumed deceased.

Conclusions: We developed for the first time a database and a diagnostic scheme for metabolic cardiomyopathies in Egyptian children. With the recent introduction of enzyme replacement therapy, many metabolic disorders became treatable, thus establishing an early and accurate diagnosis is extremely important.

Keywords: Cardiomyopathy; inborn errors of metabolism; pediatric.
The association between lifestyle-related risk factors and survival in patients with colorectal cancer in an urban South African cohort
Authors: Whelan Megan , Van Aswegen Heleen , Roos Ronel , Fabian June , Bebington Brendan , Neph Cert
Published: May 2022

Background: Lifestyle-related factors have been linked with risk for colorectal cancer. Data describing the relationship between lifestyle factors of South African patients who present with colorectal cancer and their survival is sparse.Objectives: The objectives were to describe the profile of patients with colorectal cancer; to determine the association between lifestyle-related factors and survival, and to compare results of patients in the private and public sectors.

Methods: A retrospective review and secondary analysis of information of patients with colorectal cancer were conducted. The independent samples t-test and Mann Whitney U test were administered to determine differences in the clinical presentation. Pearson’s Chi-Squared and Eta (η) tests were used to determine the association between survival and lifestyle-related factors.Results: Data of 441 patients were included. When compared to the public sector cohort, patients in the private sector cohort were older (p=0.0110), had earlier stages of cancer at the time of diagnosis (p<0.001), had a higher percentage of current alcohol consumption (p<0.001) and had higher survival rates (p<0.001). Waist circumference was shown to have a large-strength effect on survival (η2=0.266).Conclusion: Emphasis should be placed on anthropometric screening and education to effect long-term behaviour change. Physiotherapists are well placed to provide screening and non-pharmacological interventions for patients with colorectal cancer.

Keywords: Cancer survival; risk factors; physiotherapy.
Effects of hypohydration and fluid balance in athletes’ cognitive performance: a systematic review
Authors: Dube Adiele , Gouws Chantell , Breukelman Gerrit
Published: May 2022

Background: The effects of progressive body fluid loss on athletic and cognitive performance are known to result from exposure to environmental heat stress, morphologic factors, and limited fluid replenishment. Athletes need to restore lost body water. However, athletes may fail to maintain euhydration during exercise. This systematic review investigated hypohydration and fluid balance effects on an athlete’s cognitive function.

Methods: The PubMed, Sports Discuss, and Ebsco databases were searched for studies reporting on hypohydration, fluid balance and heat on cognitive performance in sport. Multiple phrases including hydration, dehydration, fluid balance, mood, cognition, vigilance, decision making, and brain were explored. Participants in the studies did either receive fluid or did not receive fluid during exercise.

Results: Twenty-four trials (n=493 participants) from 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. Significant hypohydration, >2% body mass loss was reported consistently in 16 publications. Five articles where hypohydration was associated with heat stress and limited fluid intake (3-5% body mass loss) impaired cognitive performance. Mood disturbance, fatigue, and ratings of perceived exertion constantly complemented hypohydration impairment on cognition.

Conclusion: Findings show that hypohydration impairs cognitive performance and mood at higher levels of 3-5% body mass loss. However, sport-specific cognitive protocols of accessing hypohydration and fluid balance in individual and team sports remain equivocal.

Keywords: Hypohydration; cognition; mood; fluid replenishment.
In vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of selected indigenous South African medicinal plants
Authors: Vakele Yonela , Odun-Ayo Frederick , Reddy Lalini
Published: May 2022

Background: Medicinal plants are regarded as a large source of phytochemicals that may have anticancer properties. This could lead to the development of innovative drugs or alternative therapy against cancer.

Objective: This study was designed to determine the antioxidant and cytotoxicity effect of 5 selected indigenous South African medicinal plants namely; Bulbine frutescens, Bulbine natalensis, Chlorophytum comosum, Kniphofia uvaria, and Tulbaghia violacea.

Method: Phytochemical extracts namely; methanol, 50%, 100% ethanol, and water extracts were prepared from the root and shoot of the plants. The antioxidant effect of methanol extracts of the plant materials was performed using a DPPH assay. A preliminary cytotoxicity screening of the phytochemical extracts in the human colon (Caco-2), cervical (HeLa), and hepatocellular (HepG2) cell lines were determined followed by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) using MTT assay.

Result: The methanol root extract of B. natalensis and B. frutescens (33.20% and 26.33% respectively) and shoot extract of K. uvaria (17.10%) showed the highest antioxidant. Out of the 5 plants, only 100% ethanol extract of C. comosum, K. uvaria, and T. violacea caused more than 80% cytotoxicity in HepG2 and Caco-2 cell lines. The shoot of B. frutescens (10.43 μg/ml), K. uvaria (23.0 μg/ml), and root of C. comosum (23.77 μg/ml) were the most active with the highest cytotoxicity.

Conclusion: C. comosum, K. uvaria, and T. violacea possess significant cytotoxicity that is promising in developing alternative drugs against colon and liver cancers. Our results provided new pieces of evidence for antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of these plants which could be useful for developing new anticancer therapies.

Keywords: In vitro antioxidant; cytotoxicity activities; South African medicinal plants; C. comosum, K. uvaria, T. violacea.
Co-occurrence of antibiotic resistance and virulence Genes in Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates from Pakistan
Authors: Tasneem Ufaq , Majid Mahnoor , Mehmood Khalid , Redaina  , Ur Rehman Fazal , Andleeb Saadia , Jamal Muhsin
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major human pathogen that is associated with hospital as well as community acquired infections and is responsible for huge amount of life-threatening diseases.

Objective: Objective of the study was to determine MRSA prevalence, their antibiotic sensitivity patterns, frequency of virulence genes (sea, seb, sed, tst, hla, hld) and their co-occurrence with resistance marker mecA among Rawalpindi and its nearby regions of Pakistani clinical isolates.

Methodology: The present study was carried out to identify the virulence and antibiotic resistance genes that co-occur in MRSA through polymerase chain reaction. Antibiotic sensitivity, presence of virulence genes and their co-occurrence with resistance marker mecA were analyzed.

Results: These isolates were found resistant to number of antibiotics i.e. Amoxicillin (16.1%), Cefixime (48.38%), Doxycycline (27.415), Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (37.09%), Clindamycin (30.64%), Erythromycin (83.87%), Penicillin (100%), Vancomycin (4.83%), Ciprofloxacin (70.96%), Tetracycline (20%), Linezolid (3.22%) and Fusidic acid (11.295). The frequency of antibiotic resistant gene (mecA) was 69.35% and that of virulence genes hla, hld, sea, seb, sed and tst was 100, 100, 53.2, 30.6, 3.2 and 24.2% respectively. Amongst all examined genes, hla and hld genes had the highest and sed gene had the lowest frequency. The maximum coexistence of genes was observed for hla+hld+mecA gene combination (42 out of 62 isolates).

Conclusion: This study reports the presence of multidrug resistant, vancomycin-resistant and mecA negative MRSA isolates in infected patients of Rawalpindi and nearby regions of Pakistan that may have attributed to treatment failures, adaptability of new virulence characteristics and spread of antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Antibiotic resistance; Virulence; mecA; Pakistan.
Circulation of hepatitis B virus genotype-E among outpatients in tertiary hospitals in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria
Authors: F Umego Chinenye , I Mboto Clement , D Asitok Atim , C Osaji Linda , E George Uwem , Uwem O Edet  , N Mbim Elizabeth , OC Faleye Temitope , M Adewumi Olubusuyi , A Adeniji Johnson
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be a significant public health challenge globally, with higher disease burden in developing countries. HBV genotypes are associated with different geographical regions and clinical outcomes. Limited information exists on epidemiology of HBV in the Niger-Delta region (South-South) of Nigeria. Consequently, this study was designed to characterise hepatitis B virus infection among outpatients in selected tertiary hospitals in the region.

Methodology: Between June and August 2017, consenting nine hundred asymptomatic out-patients were enrolled and initially screened for HBV infection using one step Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) strip and subsequently re-tested using HBsAg and Hepatitis B core total antibody (anti-HBc) specific Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Blood serum with detectable HBsAg were subsequently subjected to DNA extraction, S-gene amplification using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol, gel electrophoresis, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results: Seroprevalence of HBsAg was 4.6% (95% CI 2.5-7.1) and anti-HBc was 10.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.1-15.3). Of the 41 HBsAg positive samples subjected to DNA extraction and HBV S-gene specific PCR, only 6 (14.6%) yielded the expected~408bp band. Phylogenetic analysis based on HBV pre-S/S sequences identified all six typable samples as genotype E, subtype ayw4 of the West African clade.

Conclusion: Results of the study confirm the presence and circulation of HBV genotype-E in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria, thus corroborating the inclusion of the country in the Genotype E crescent. The authors advocate value-added HBV intervention in the region and the country at large.

Keywords: HBsAg; HBV; Niger-Delta; Nigeria; South-South.
The predictive role of psychological toughness and adaptability on the actual well-being of mothers with handicapped children
Authors: Hamid Salehian Mir
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Handicapped children cause psychological problems for mothers. As mothers' actual well-being is so important in the family and society, the aim of this research was to predict the role of psychological toughness and adaptability on the actual well-being of mothers with handicapped children.

Materials and Methods: The research was descriptive correlational study with volunteer mothers of handicapped children (n=150). Data collection tools were: Ahwaz Kiamarsi et al. (1998) psychological toughness questionnaire, Connor and Davidson adaptability scale (2003), Lyubomerisky and Leper actual well-being scale (1999) and Diener life satisfaction scale (2009). Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS 21 version.

Results: The results showed that psychological toughness and its components (commitment, control, struggle) have a significant positive relationship with the actual well-being of mothers with handicapped children and its dimensions (actual well-being and life satisfaction) and is able to predict their well-being.

Discussion: Therefore, it can be said that by promoting adaptability, mothers with handicapped children can resist and overcome stressors as well as factors that cause many psychological problems. By reducing psycho-emotional problems in mothers, mental well-being and life satisfaction are improved.

Conclusion: The actual well-being of mothers with handicapped children can be predicted by their psychological toughness and adaptability.

Keywords: Psychological toughness; adaptability; actual well-being; handicapped children.
Evaluation of Pasting Properties of Plantain, Cooking Banana, Selected Cereals and their Composites as Indicators for their Food Values
Authors: Agbaje Wasiu B. , Abiona Oluseye O. , Awojide Shola H. , Azeez Luqman A. , Tayo Adeniyi S.
Published: May 2022

The pasting properties of unripe plantain, unripe cooking banana, some selected cereals and their composite flours were investigated in relation to their food values. Each of the samples was cleaned, air–dried and pulverized to form the native flours which were mixed in different proportions to form the composite flours. Soft doughs were prepared from the flours and subjected to textural evaluation. The adjudged best from each set was analysed using Rapid Visco–Analyser followed by determination of their proximate composition and functional properties. The results showed that the breakdown viscosity (cP) of each of the composite flours was less than 920.50 in plantain and 915.50 in cooking banana, indicating improved ability to withstand shear stress. The values of the final viscosity of the composite flours were generally lower than the native flours of plantain and cooking banana which indicated better flow property. The setback viscosities of the composite flours were lower than the native cereal flours except sorghum which indicated lower tendency to undergo retro–degradation. Furthermore, the composite flours gelled at lower temperature (72.1–84.9 °C) when compared with the native flours (82.7–89.2 °C) reflecting less energy requirement for cooking. Combination of cereals with plantain or cooking banana had led to production of composite flours which gave better and improved pasting properties without depreciation in functional properties and nutritional composition.

Keywords: Composite flour; Cereal–plantain; Cereal–cooking banana; Proximate composition; Functional and pasting properties.
Design and Implementation of Distributed Identity and Access Management Framework for Internet of Things (IoT) Enabled Distribution Automation
Authors: Bitebo Ally T , Maziku Hellen , Hamisi Ndyetabura , , Tarimo Charles N , Ibwe Kwame S , Abdalla Abdi T.
Published: May 2022

The smart grid and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies play vital roles in improving the quality of services offered in traditional electrical grid. They open a room for the introduction of new services like distribution automation (DA) that has a significant advantage to both utility companies and final consumers. DA integrates sensors, actuators, intelligent electrical devices (IED) and information and communication technologies to monitor and control electrical grid. However, the integration of these technologies poses security threats to the electrical grid like Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, false data injection attacks, and masquerading attacks like system node impersonation that can transmit wrong readings, resulting in false alarm reports and hence leading to incorrect node actuation. To overcome these challenges, researchers have proposed a centralized public key infrastructure (PKI) with bridged certificate authority (CA) which is prone to DoS attacks. Moreover, the proposed blockchain based distributed identity and access management (DIAM) in IoT domain at the global scale is adding communicational and computational overheads. Also. It is imposing new security threats to the DA system by integrating it with online services like IoTEX and IoTA. For those reasons, this study proposes a DIAM security scheme to secure IoT-enabled distribution automation. The scheme divides areas into clusters and each cluster has a device registry and a registry controller. The registry controller is a command line tool to access and manage a device registry. The results show that the scheme can prevent impersonated and non-legitimate system nodes and users from accessing the system by imposing role-based access control (RBAC) at the cluster level.

Keywords: Distributed Identity and Access Management; Electrical Secondary Distribution Network; Internet of Things; IoT Enabled Distribution Automation; Smart Grid Security
Rolling out Electric Buses: A Guidebook on Route Prioritization and Implementation Planning
Authors: Mulukutla Pawan , Pai Madhav , Das Shyamasis , Ray Anirudh
Published: May 2022

The Guidebook is a ready reckoner for transit agencies to help them adopt a calibrated approach to induct electric buses in their services. This is to ensure that the technology shift neither disrupts the quality of the bus service nor becomes burdensome for the transit agencies. Such a phased implementation hinges on several technical and financial considerations which are often inter-linked and limited by some constraints. To address this complex problem, the Guidebook suggests a six-step approach and two decision trees for transit agencies’ reference for route prioritization and implementation planning
Competitividad y atracción potencial de los recursos y productos que distinguen la oferta turística en Trinidad de Cuba
Authors: Pelegrín Naranjo Lestter
Published: May 2022

Trinidad es un destino turístico en Cuba. De ahí la importancia de valorar y diferenciar sus principales recursos y el atractivo que ofrecen para el turismo potencial, herramienta de referencia para la adecuada toma de decisiones en su conversión en productos turísticos, objetivo principal del artículo. Como métodos utilizados se conformaron grupos de discusión con empleados y directivos del sector turístico de cada uno de los principales polos del territorio, y se determinaron las características de su entorno interno y externo, lo que permitió la elaboración de las matrices que facilitaron la evaluación y ponderación de las variables, seleccionadas utilizando estadística descriptiva. Como resultados se obtuvo de cada uno de los polos el nivel de competitividad y el atractivo potencial que ofrecen dentro del escenario estudiado, lo que posibilita una proyección más eficaz de los decisores a la hora de planificar su puesta en valor como recursos turísticos.
Individualization of the Education of Future Natural Sciences Teachers in the Context of Covid-19
Authors: Marushko Larysa , Hura Antonina , Hrechko Andrii , Truskavetska Iryna
Published: May 2022

In early 2020, the traditional form of full-time education has becomeunacceptable, which has made the educationalsystem to change dramatically. Educators had to find new ways and tools for transferring knowledgeto students. The aim of this work was to study the impact of the individualization of education on the effectiveness of educational services provided to Natural Sciences teachers in the context of Covid-19. The study involved semi-structured interviews, as well as close-ended questionnaires. The analysis of variance, Cohen’s coefficient and Statictica software application were also used. It was found in the sampleof futurenatural sciences teachers that the individualization of education can promote higher efficiencyof distance learning. This requires skillful handling of a wide variety of didactic materials and educational resources, their adaptation to the individual capabilities of the student, his or her expectations of learning and didactic goals. It was found that the individualization of education helpsstudents to feel less overload, stress, tension, lack of time. They learned to plan and self-organize, their self-motivation and responsibility for the completed work increased.
Arab Universities: Problems, COVID-19 andEfforts
Authors: Rios-Campos Carlos , Rios-Campos Pilar del Rosario , Camacho Delgado Freddy , Maxe Malca Maria Raquel , Saavedra Sandoval Rocío Emilia
Published: May 2022

It is necessary to know the state of the Arab universities. In this paper the general objective was to determine the situation of Arab universities: Problems, COVID-19 & efforts. Methodology, in this research, 36 documents have been selected, carried out in the period 2016 -2021; including: scientific articles, review articles and information from websites of recognized organizations. The keywords used in the searches were: Arab universities and COVID-19. Results.Arab universities have faced many problems during the pandemic, but they have struggled to overcome themand offer a virtual education to their students. Conclusions.Covid-19 forced the closure of Arab universities, affecting the education of students, who have problems accessing to the internet. Arab universities that used traditional education are gradually migrating to virtual education. King Abdulaziz University of Saudi Arabia ranks first in the Arab Universities Ranking 2021.
Desarrollo de una aplicación web para práctica de fonemas en inglés
Authors: Zapata-Vega Sandra , Agreda Cerna Henrry Wilfredo , Cabrera Torres Antero Alexander , Castro Vargas Daniel Jesús , Altamirano-Morales Braian
Published: May 2022

En la carrera de Sistemas de Información de la Universidad de Guayaquil, los discentes que actualmente estudian los cursos de inglés básico al nivel avanzado, muestran dificultades de pronunciación por falencias de comprensión de sus fonemas y símbolos. La metodología en esta investigación fue de tipo descriptiva con tipología Hypertext Preprocessor para el funcionamiento de la aplicación informática, que emplea cartillas de símbolos de la fonética para su desarrollo, las cuales están cimentadas en la teoría de la oralidad y las dimensiones del lenguaje oral, que ayudan a conocer la pronunciación correcta del glosario inglés. Con el apoyo de las técnicas de entrevistas y encuestas realizadas al alumnado registrado en esta materia, se estableció la efectividad del aplicativo web para fortificar las debilidades de pronunciación durante el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del idioma inglés.
Policultivos para el manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda (J Smith) y la entomofauna benéfica asociada en el maíz (Zea mays L.)
Authors: García González Marcos Tulio , Rodríguez Coca Liuder Isidoro , Rodríguez Jáuregui Marcia María , Fernández Cancio Yander
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el empleo de los sistemas de cultivos maíz
monocultivo (M), maíz-calabaza (M+C), maíz-frijol caupí (M+F), maíz-ajonjolí (M+A) y maíz-girasol (M+G) en el manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda y la entomofauna benéfica asociada. Fue realizado en dos periodos de siembra definidos para Cuba (lluvioso y poco lluvioso) y en dos agroecosistemas (llano (70 m.s. n. m.) y premontaña (150 m.s. n. m.). El diseño experimental fue de bloques al azar, con cinco tratamientos (sistemas de cultivos) y cuatro réplicas en cada año. Se determinaron los niveles de infestación de Spodoptera frugiperda y la entomofauna asociada (depredadores y parasitoides) a estos sistemas. Se comprobó que los sistemas de cultivos M+C y M+A presentaron menor incidencia de S. frugiperda, que el monocultivo del maíz. El número de especies de insectos benéficos encontrados fue superior en los sistemas de policultivos para ambos agroecosistemas.
Formal Versus Informal Finance: Evidence from Selected African Firms
Authors:   University of the Witwatersrand, Arisa Linet Nyanchama
Published: May 2022

One important factor in firm growth and performance is the availability of financing. Firm financing sources can be either formal or informal. Formal financing sources comprise those institutions regulated both by the government and the central bank, while the informal markets operate beyond the regulatory framework on the financial system. Using the World Bank Enterprise Survey dataset for 13 African countries, this study employs the Relative Distribution methods by Handcock and Morris (1998) and Recentered Influence Function techniques by Firpo et al. (2009), to evaluate whether there exists a growth differential among firms that source their working capital through formal finance relative to those using informal financing sources, and investigate which financing source is more growth enhancing. The study finds formal financing sources to be more growth enhancing than informal financing. The growth differential is however different at different levels of labor productivity and sales growth outcome distributions. It is therefore advisable for the stakeholders to target financing to the right segment of firms, to ensure growth is sustained.
SME Working Capital Strategy to Increase Profitability During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indoensia, Prajawati Maretha Ika
Published: May 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact not only on the manufacturing sector but also on the SME sector. One way that is done by SMEs is to strengthen financial strategies to maintain the continuity of SME businesses. This study aims to see how SME actors view the existence of a pandemic in Indonesia, what business strategies and financial strategies are being carried out to survive the current pandemic situation. This study uses qualitative methods to be able to understand the perspective or point of view of looking at the financial strategies carried out by SMEs during the Covid Pandemic so that businesses can continue to this day. The research was conducted on SMEs in Natural Stone. The results showed that MSMEs experienced a decrease in sales volume. SMEs use several strategies in their financial management. One of the cost-efficiency financial strategies is to process waste into goods of the sale value. SMEs also use a risk management strategy by creating business-specific savings whose needs are used to finance the business when unforeseen conditions occur. SMEs also manage working capital by applying a conservative working model and withdrawing accounts receivable.
Competencias y Aprendizaje-Servicio mediante actividad física en futuros docentes de inglés (Competences and Physical Activity -based Service-Learning of future Primary School English teachers)
Authors: Corral-Robles Silvia , Hooli Eva-Maria , Ortega-Martín José Luis , Ruiz-Montero Pedro Jesús
Published: May 2022

El Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) es una metodología que combina las experiencias de aprendizaje pragmáticas e inclusivas, al tiempo que se satisfacen las necesidades de la sociedad. Si a ello se le suma una práctica de actividad física (AF) controlada y juegos socializadores a través de la metodología de Respuesta Física Total (en inglés Total Physical Response, TPR), la adquisición de una lengua extranjera podría resultar más efectiva y natural. El objetivo principal de este estudio es el análisis de la adquisición de las competencias que el ApS produce en el alumnado universitario de la asignatura de la mención de inglés, Didáctica de la Literatura Infantil y Juvenil, en el Grado de Primaria de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y del Deporte de Melilla de la Universidad de Granada. A partir de las experiencias de 14 estudiantes sobre la enseñanza del inglés como Lengua Extranjera (ILE) en un programa ApS con colectivo migrante a través de TPR se observa como estas metodologías suponen un espacio pedagógico nuevo para los docentes de inglés, y a su vez, la ruptura de una enseñanza tradicional. Del mismo modo, como resultado principal se puede constatar que el ApS aplicado al proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la adquisición de una lengua extranjera, con la AF como instrumento, es una metodología que propicia el desarrollo de competencias académicas, profesionales y personales del alumnado universitario de la mención de Inglés del Grado de Educación Primaria.
Abstract. Service-Learning (SL) is an educative methodology that combines student’s pragmatic and inclusive learning, and benefits community. In addition, together with supervised physical activity (PA) and Total Physical Response (TPR) group games, it could make the foreign language learning more natural and effective. The main aim of this study is to analyse the effects of SL competences on university students of Primary Education specialised in English language teaching. The participants were students of the Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, and the course was Didactics of Literature for Children and Young People in a Foreign Language: English. The SL experiences of 14 students who offered services to migrants by Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) with TPR as a main tool, showed to the students a new pedagogical space and a break in traditional teaching practices. In conclusion, TPR-based SL is a useful methodology to teach English and obtain new perspective of TEFL. Moreover, PA is a tool that favours the development of academic, professional, and personal skills of university students of Primary Education specialised in English language teaching.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and other Non-Communicable Diseases: Time for an Integrated Approach
Authors: Rastogi Aayushi , Prasad Manya , Ramalingam Archana , Kapil Umesh
Published: May 2022

Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a broad term covering a spectrum of conditions ranging from hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. NAFLD is highly prevalent across all regions of the world with its global prevalence of 25.2%(95%CI:22.1-28.7). It is commonly referred as the ‘hepatic manifestation’ of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Moreover, it is strongly associated with the individual components as well as MetS as a whole. NAFLD has been independently associated with other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like chronic kidney disease (CKD), Polycystic ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Stroke and Cancers. This strong association of NCDs with NAFLD not only affects the prevalence but also the progression and management of the disease. Thus, this review aims at highlighting the association of NAFLD with other NCDs. A literature search was undertaken in the MEDLINE database using the necessary MeSH terms. The review concludes NAFLD is a systemic disease, not just confined to liver-specific morbidity and mortality, but also associated with numerous extra-hepatic manifestations, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, chronic renal diseases, and malignancy. With co-existence of NAFLD with various NCDs it is expected to become the most overwhelming liver disease in the world in coming years. Hence, to reduce medical and economic impact associated with these comorbidities, it is recommended that all countries should estimate and predict the burden on comorbidities associated with NAFLD and galvanize its health resources in providing integrated therapeutic approaches for management of NAFLD and related comorbidities at an early stage.
A Study of Malaria in Jharkhand State
Authors: Nath Arvind
Published: May 2022

Background: The aim of India is to reach zero Malaria cases by 2027 and then wait for three years before WHO can grant Malaria-free status certification. It is already the beginning of 2022 and India is about to reach the halfway mark of the Malaria Elimination framework period of 2016 to 2027. Objectives: To see how far Jharkhand has reached about Malaria elimination targets. Methods: By reviewing documents published by the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Results: The Latehar District of Jharkhand had a very high Annual Parasite Incidence (API) of 10.86 during 2018. Conclusions: If interventions like the treatment of positive patients and asymptomatic carriers occur, the API will be expected to decrease drastically.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Pattern regarding Diabetic Retinopathy among the patients of Diabetes Mellitus presenting to a Tertiary Health Care Center in Uttarakhand
Authors: Dhasmana Renu , Juyal Ruchi , Dhillon Hennaav Kaur
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Diabetes Melltius (DM) is an established silent killer in the developed world and is slowly increasing the burden of morbidity in the developing nations as well. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening protocols are not standardized in the developing world and not available to many practioners. Methods: This is an observational analytical study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitude and practice patterns regrading DR among the patients of DM in Uttarakhand. These were correlated with the educational status, socio-economic status, duration of DM, residence and gender. Results: Higher levels of knowledge which were statistically significant were observed as the socioeconomic status rose, with the increase in the duration of DM and with higher levels of educational status. A corresponding positive tone was also seen with respect to attitude and practice. However, the levels of knowledge did not correspond to the levels of practice. Conclusion: Integration of the health services along with the educational system would be an advancing step in spreading awareness about the disease entity itself and its morbid consequences. This would create an environment of high awareness and screening protocols will be easily streamlined.
Clinico-epidemiological study of safe and unsafe chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Khalique Najam , Ahmad Zeeshan , Chandra Kamlesh , Zubair Md Yasir , Md Anas
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) remains one of the most commonest chronic infectious diseases worldwide particularly in children and adolescents. India has been classified as the high prevalence country with national prevalence of 4%. Knowledge of differential regional prevalence of risk factors is required for adequate health education of masses and for customised preventive and control measures in respective areas. Aims: To study the clinical and socio-demographic profile of patients with CSOM. Methods: The study was carried out in the department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh from November, 2017 to December, 2019. Patients with CSOM attending the otorhinolaryngology OPD and those admitted in IPD were included in the study. Results: A total 200 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media including both safe (mucosal) and unsafe (squamous) type were studied. The mean age of participants was 22.8 ± 15.18 years. Of the total participants, 111 (55.5%, 95% CI 48.6 to 62.2) were males, 89 (44.5%, 95% CI 37.8 to 51.4) were females and the majority (60.5%, 95% CI 53.6 to 67) of them were from rural background. Around one-fourth of the patients were illiterate (23%, 95% CI 17.7 to 29.3) and the patients mostly belonged to lower side (lower middle, upper lower and lower) of the spectrum of Kuppuswamy socioeconomic classification. The distribution of age-group, gender and laterality (side of involvement) was similar (P>0.05) in both safe and unsafe type. Overall, 151(75.5%, 95% CI 69.9 to 80.9) patients were found to have conductive hearing loss, 30 (15%, 95% CI 10.7 to 20.6) with mixed and 19 (9.5%, 95% CI 6.2 to 14.4) did not have any hearing loss at presentation. The distribution of patients with regards to hearing loss was found to be similar in both safe and unsafe groups (P = 0.311). Conclusion: CSOM particularly afflicts younger age populations from rural background with poor socioeconomic status. Appropriate timely interventions in the form of health promotion, education about the risk factors and improvement in the living conditions will result in decrease in incidence and prevalence of the disease. Moreover, knowledge of symptoms and signs of the disease is likely to result in early seeking of healthcare and hence better treatment outcomes and prevention of complications.
Comparison of Different Foam Rolling Protocols on Ankle Range of Motion, Strength, Muscle Activation and Jump Performance
Authors: Soares Enrico , Martins Almeida Vinícius , Megumi Wakuda de Abreu Vasconcelos Christine , Henrique Barbosa de Jesus João , Ricardo Lopes Charles
Published: May 2022

Background: Foam rolling (FR) has been widely used with the intent to increase range of motion (ROM) before strength and power activities. At the moment, few studies have investigated practical strategies to control FR intensity. Purpose: The aim was to compare the effect (FR) intensity by different combinations of a smooth roller, grid roller, unilateral or bilateral rolling massage on the triceps suralis ROM, strength, muscle activation, and jump performance. Methods: Ten male (28±4 years, 175±5 cm, 81±13 kg) and ten female (29±4 years, 163±5 cm, 66±10 kg) recreationally trained performed two sessions of data collection that compared 4 combinations of rolling surface and technique: unilateral smooth roller (US), bilateral smooth roller (BS), unilateral grid roller (UG), and bilateral grid roller (BG). During all conditions, the triceps suralis was rolled for 2 sets of 60 s with 60 s of rest between sets. Rate of perceived pain (RPP) after the rolling protocol; peak force during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) (PF), muscle activation during a MVIC, and unilateral drop jump (UDJ) performance were measured before and after each condition. Results: The greatest RPP was reported in UG condition and the lowest RPP was reported in BS condition. All conditions increased ankle ROM to the same extent without subsequent effect on PF, muscle activity UDJ height, and UDJ contact time. Our data indicate that FR using different combinations of surface pattern and rolling techniques increased ankle ROM without a subsequent effect on drop jump performance, triceps suralis strength, and activation. Conclusion: In conclusion, practitioners could be encouraged to perform FR with mild discomfort and use a bilateral technique to save time.

Keywords: Flexibility, self-myofascial release, electromyography, force, strength.
Game Mobile Learning
Authors: Sandy Teguh Arie , Hidayat Wahyu Nur
Published: May 2022

Pembuatan game mobile learning menggunakan Construct 2
Analysis of effects of Earnings Management on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures and role of Audit Quality on the IDX
Authors: Helda  , Asyikin Jumirin , Ernawati Sri
Published: May 2022

This study aims to examine and analyze empirically the effect of earnings management on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure and the role of audit quality as proxied by the size of the accounting firm and auditor industry specialization in moderating the relations between earnings management and CSR disclosure. This study uses secondary data with samples of 69 manufacturing companies in the basic industry and chemical sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019 which were obtained using purposive sampling method. The independent variable in this study is earnings management with Discretionary Accruals as proxy which measured using Modified Jones Model. While the dependent variable in this study is the disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility, which is proxied by CSR disclosure index (CSRI) measured based on indicators of GRI-G4 disclosure. The moderating variable in this study, there is audit quality as proxied by the size of the accounting firm and auditor industry specialization which is measured using dummy variables, the value of 1 is for The Big Four KAP and auditor industry specialization, while the value of 0 is for Non The Big Four KAP and unspecialized industry auditors. The analysis of data in this study is using a simple linear regression model and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to decide the hypothesis. The value of 1 is for The Big Four KAP and auditor industry specialization, while the value of 0 is for Non The Big Four KAP and unspecialized industry auditors. The analysis of data in this study is using a simple linear regression model and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to decide the hypothesis. The value of 1 is for The Big Four KAP and auditor industry specialization, while the value of 0 is for Non the Big Four KAP and unspecialized industry auditors. The analysis of data in this study is using a simple linear regression model and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to decide the hypothesis. The results of this study reveal that earnings management has a positive and significant effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure and the size of the accounting firm (KAP) variable can be a moderating in the relations between earnings management and CSR disclosure. Meanwhile, the auditor industry specialist variable can't moderate the relations between earnings management and CSR disclosure.
Phenomenological Study of the Traditional Marriage Ceremony of the Dayak Kenyah Tribe, Busang Sub-District, East Kalimantan
Authors: Anyeq Impung , Ngarawula Bonaventura , Suharnoko Dwi
Published: May 2022

This research aims to analyze and describe the procession and rituals of the traditional marriage culture of the Dayak Kenyah tribe, analyze and describe the meaning in the traditional marriage symbols of the local community of the Dayak Kenyah tribe and analyze and reconceptualize the meaning and symbol of the traditional marriage of the local community in the Dayak Kenyah tribe through the phenomenological method. This study uses Edmund Husserl's phenomenological analysis which emphasizes understanding which is related to action, speech, and interaction. The Dayak Kenyah tribe considers customary marriage as an inseparable part of each stage. This means that each stage, procession and ritual must be held sequentially. For the Dayak Kenyah tribe, processions and rituals of marriage culture have a high and deep conceptuality. Therefore, the researcher concludes that the traditional Dayak Kenyah marriage has a philosophical meaning. The traditional marriage of the Dayak Kenyah tribe requires very deep symbols and eating. This is because the symbol is a legacy value left by their ancestors to be preserved and passed down to the next generations. This traditional marriage is not only intended and has a meaning to continue the lineage. Instead, the Dayak Kenyah tribe also attaches deep meaning to the implementation or holding of traditional marriages. This philosophical value has been passed down from generation to generation. Although the main philosophical value is to continue the descendants of the Dayak Kenyah, there are still many other philosophical meanings related to the survival of the Dayak Kenyah tribe
Dual System of Education (Implemented Policies Public Study of Dual System Educational Management Functions) at SMK Petra Malang City of Indonesia
Authors: Budaya  , Weni I Made , Hariyanto Tommy
Published: May 2022

Dual System Education is a form of professional education that combines systemically and synchronously with school education programs with the industrial world. Through Vocational Schools, which number 14.247 units throughout Indonesia, specifically for East Java, there are 3.309 public and private units, while the city of Malang is 43 units, including Petra Vocational School (SMK PETRA) in which the number of students does not get the minimum target, which is below 60 students. Given the importance of the success of the educational goals of Vocational High Schools (SMK), in producing skilled workers through Dual System Education, which is carried out by the School. The focus of this research is Dual System Education with Indicators, Planning, Organizing, and Supervision as well as the factors behind the Internal factors: infrastructure, origin of students and the economy of parents and funding, while external factors are Opportunity, Market, Distinctiveness and Motivation. The objectives of this research are to: (1) describe and analyze the implementation of dual system education in Petra Vocational High School Malang, (2) describe and analyze the factors behind the implementation of system education in Petra Vocational High School Malang. While the approach of this research is qualitative with a phenomenological study design, as well as data collection techniques using interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by reviewing data, organizing, data collection, units that can be managed, synthesizing, looking for patterns, finding what magnitudes will be studied together ; data condensation, data display and Conclusion Drawing/Verification that are reported systematically. Research findings show that: 1) PSG planning programs and working groups formed, 2) Organizing by involving working groups, school councils, and industry, 3) Mobilization of the ability to organize all personnel and, 4) Supervision is carried out regularly in PSG,5) Multi-dimensional factors Internal: infrastructure, distant students, poor parents and funding from BOS, and External: opportunities, markets, student characteristics and motivation.
The Use of Audio-Visual Materials in Teaching and Learning Process in Effia Junior High Schools
Authors: Kwegyiriba Adwoa , Mensah Ronald Osei , Ewusi Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find out the use of audio-visual materials at the Junior High School level. Despite the fact that the use of audio-visual materials is a proper current technological tool to motivate students, it prevails a set of challenges in the availability of audio-visual materials in Effia public Junior High Schools. The study seeks to provide information on the existing situation about the availability and use of Audio-visual materials in teaching students in Junior High Schools in Effia, in Effia Kwesimintsim Municipal Assembly.  This study used qualitative approach, and censused all the nine public Junior High schools in Effia with ten students and one teacher randomly selected from each public JHS in Effia to form a sample size of 99 respondents for the study. Despite the significant role played by the use of audio-visual materials in the Ghanaian educational system. The findings revealed that although the students in the nine public JHS in Effia are not taught using Audio-Visual materials by their teachers, they still have the desire to be taught using those materials and this was affirmed with a significant majority of the students saying they desired to be taught with Audio-Visual materials in their various classrooms experience. The research recommended that Audio-Visual materials should be made available by Stakeholders in the educational sector such as; the Parent Teacher Association (P.T.A), the municipal assembly, the ministry of education, the Ghana Education Service, individual philanthropists, and non-governmental organizations.