bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advertising in Video Games: Legal Qualifications
Authors: Kiryshina Irina
Published: January 2022

The article is addressed to the legal analysis of advertising placed in video games. Topical issues of the concept of advertising are touched upon from the point of view of its compliance with the legal definition enshrined in the Federal Law "On Advertising". There has been analized the distribution of advertising in video games, such as ads embedded in game content, including "product placement". In Russian legislation, there is an analogue of this

category which is defined by the legislator as “references to a product, means of its individualization, about a manufacturer or seller of a product, which are organically integrated into works of science, literature or art”. The conclusion is made about the possibility of qualifying this technique as an advertisement in the absence of a sign of "organic integration". The examples of judicial and law enforcement practice of inorganic integration are considered. In such cases, the disseminated information is recognized as advertising, in respect of which the requirements of advertising legislation regarding restrictions on advertising of tobacco and alcohol, weapons and a number of other goods must be observed. There are special requirements for video games for minors in order to protect their rights. The author presents the position regarding the qualification of targeted advertising from the point of view of its compliance with such a sign of advertising as being addressed to an indefinite group of people. The conclusion is supported by the argument that personalization of an advertising message does not exclude its qualification as an advertisement. The problem of advertising distribution in computer games, including multiplayer games, carried out via the Internet, where obtaining the preliminary consent of the online game user to receive advertising is achieved by including this condition in the user agreement, is investigated. The conclusion is made about the need to improve legal regulation in the studied field.
Olaparib-Induced Immune-Mediated Liver Injury
Authors: Alshelleh Mohammad , Park Jennifer , John Veena , Rishi Arvind , Bernstein David , Roth Nitzan
Published: January 2022

Immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury can be triggered by multiple classes of medications including immunotherapies. Olaparib is a first-in-class oral inhibitor of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (an enzyme involved in DNA replication and repair) that is approved as maintenance treatment in platinum-sensitive, epithelial ovarian, tubal, or primary peritoneal cancers with breast cancer 1/2 mutation. We report the first case in the United States of an acute and severe liver injury with associated jaundice and liver synthetic dysfunction secondary to olaparib. The liver injury was resolved with drug cessation and treatment with prednisone taper.
A Novel Loss Tolerant Data Transmission Schemes for Airborne Telemetry System of a Long Range Aerospace Vehicle
Authors: Karnati Sudarsana Reddy , Boppanna Lakshmi , Jahagirdar D. R.
Published: January 2022

The on-board telemetry system of an aerospace vehicle sends the vehicle performance parameters to the ground receiving station at all instances of its trajectory. During the course of its trajectory, the communication channel of a long range vehicle, experiences various phenomena such as plume attenuation, stage separation, manoeuvring of a vehicle and RF blackout, causing loss of valuable telemetry data. The loss of communication link is inevitable due to these harsh conditions even when using the space diversity of ground receiving systems. Conventional telemetry systems do not provide redundant data for long range aerospace vehicles. This research work proposes an innovative delay data transmission, frame switchover and multiple frames data transmission schemes to improve the availability of telemetry data at ground receiving stations. The proposed innovative schemes are modelled using VHDL and extensive simulations have been performed to validate the results. The functionally simulated net list has been synthesised with 130 nm ACTEL flash based FPGA and verified on telemetry hardware.
Task Scheduling in Fog Node within the Tactical Cloud
Authors: Nair Biji , Bhanu S. Mary Saira
Published: January 2022

Fog computing architecture competent to support the mission-oriented network-centric warfare provides the framework for a tactical cloud in this work. The tactical cloud becomes situation-aware of the war from the information relayed by fog nodes (FNs) on the battlefield. This work aims to sustain the network of FNs by maintaining the operational efficiency of the FNs on the battlefield at the tactical edge. The proposed solution monitors and predicts the likely overloading of an FN using the long short-term memory model through a buddy FN at the fog server (FS). This paper also proposes randomised task scheduling (RTS) algorithm to avert the likely overloading of an FN by pre-empting tasks from the FN and scheduling them to another FN. The experimental results demonstrate that RTS with linear complexity has a schedulability measure 8% - 26% higher than that of other base scheduling algorithms. The results show that the LSTM model has low mean absolute error compared to other time-series forecasting models.
Traffic Light and Back-light Recognition using Deep Learning and Image Processing with Raspberry Pi
Authors: Nine Julkar , Mathavan Rahul
Published: January 2022

Traffic light detection and back-light recognition are essential research topics in the area of intelligent vehicles because they avoid vehicle collision and provide driver safety. Improved detection and semantic clarity may aid in the prevention of traffic accidents by self-driving cars at crowded junctions, thus improving overall driving safety. Complex traffic situations, on the other hand, make it more difficult for algorithms to identify and recognize objects. The latest state-of-the-art algorithms based on Deep Learning and Computer Vision are successfully addressing the majority of real-time problems for autonomous driving, such as detecting traffic signals, traffic signs, and pedestrians. We propose a combination of deep learning and image processing methods while using the MobileNetSSD (deep neural network architecture) model with transfer learning for real-time detection and identification of traffic lights and back-light. This inference model is obtained from frameworks such as Tensor-Flow and Tensor-Flow Lite which is trained on the COCO data. This study investigates the feasibility of executing object detection on the Raspberry Pi 3B+, a widely used embedded computing board. The algorithm’s performance is measured in terms of frames per second (FPS), accuracy, and inference time.
Исследования надзора: основные направления и теоретические подходы
Authors: Григорьева Ксения Сергеевна
Published: January 2022

В последние годы в российских средствах массовой информации и общественно-политическом дискурсе все чаще звучат опасения слежки со стороны государства и бизнес-корпораций. Опросы общественного мнения показывают растущую обеспокоенность населения недостаточной защитой персональных данных. Однако научная разработка этих проблем в России находится  в зачаточном состоянии, а многочисленные зарубежные исследования надзора остаются малоизвестными. Данная статья призвана ознакомить русскоязычную аудиторию с иностранной научной литературой о надзоре, стимулировать развитие российских исследований в этой области. Приводится краткая история изучения слежки, прослеживается его институционализация (создание специализированных научных центров, академических сетей и журналов), дается обзор основных исследовательских направлений в указанной сфере (изучение государственного и коммерческого надзора, частно-государственного партнерства в области слежки, наблюдения работодателей за работниками, контрнаблюдения или надзора «снизу», слежки частных лиц друг за другом), рассматриваются ключевые теоретические подходы (паноптическая модель М. Фуко, концепция К.Д. Хаггерти и Р.В. Эриксона, акторно-сетевой подход, развиваемый Д.М. Вудом и К.Болл, концепция «социальной сортировки» Д. Лиона). В заключительной части делаются некоторые прогнозы относительно дальнейшего развития исследований надзора.
Реализация модели «сити-менеджер» в России: ограничения и преимущества
Authors: Фролова Елена Викторовна , Рогач Ольга Владимировна , Шалашникова Валентина Юрьевна
Published: January 2022

В статье представлен анализ преимуществ и ограничений реализации модели «сити-менеджер» в практике муниципального управления в современной России. Основной метод исследования — опрос руководителей органов местного самоуправления (N = 582). Определены следующие преимущества назначения сити-менеджера по контракту: разделение политических и административных функций в местном самоуправлении, обеспечение прозрачности деятельности главы местной администрации, профессионализация муниципального управления. Проблемы реализации модели: недостаточный уровень легитимности практик привлечения контрактного менеджера, наличие коррупционных рисков, усиление влияния региональной власти, конфликтные риски, отсутствие четкой системы критериев отбора кандидата на должность главы администрации.
Авторы приходят к выводу, что условное разделение полномочий между наемным менеджером и главой города на «хозяйственные» и «представительские» создает предпосылки для политической борьбы и конфликтов между двумя ключевыми фигурами муниципального управления. Сужение полномочий главы города, получившего поддержку населения на выборах, до представительских не соответствует его политическим ожиданиям, затрудняет построение партнерских отношений с сити-менеджером. В статье выдвигается предположение о направлениях совершенствования процедуры конкурсного отбора сити-менеджера, фиксации ситуации найма и закрепления подчиненности нанимаемого по контракту менеджера главе муниципального образования. Авторы также обосновывают вывод о том, что введение нового способа избрания главы муниципального образования представительным органом из числа кандидатов, отобранных комиссией по результатам конкурсного отбора, не может рассматриваться как жизнеспособная альтернатива модели «сити-менеджер».
Социально-демографические особенности, личностные черты, ценности и установки ковид-скептиков в России
Authors: Соколов Борис Олегович , Завадская Маргарита Андреевна
Published: January 2022

В работе изучаются социально-демографические, личностные, ценностные и идеологические различия между ковид-скептиками и остальным населением Российской Федерации. Эмпирической основой исследования выступают материалы первой волны международного опроса «Ценности в кризисе» (ЦВК) по России (сбор данных осуществлялся в середине июня 2020 г.; N = 1527). Ковид-скептицизм операционализируется как поддержка утверждения о том, что пандемия коронавируса является мистификацией, а введенные ограничительные меры — чрезмерной реакцией на происходящее. С таким утверждением согласились 38% респондентов ЦВК. Описательные статистики показывают, что среди отечественных ковид-скептиков в большей степени представлены мужчины, лица среднего и старшего среднего возрастов, а также респонденты без высшего образования. Непосредственное столкновение с заболеванием ассоциируется с меньшим уровнем скептицизма, тогда как негативный экономический опыт во время пандемии (например, потеря работы) имеет обратный эффект. Не удалось обнаружить каких-либо различий между скептиками и нескептиками в плане «большой пятерки» личностных черт. При этом скептики демонстрируют более высокие значения по шкале ценностей открытости изменениям и более низкие — по шкале ценностей сохранения (в терминах Ш. Шварца). Кроме того, для них более характерно неприятие глобализации, международного сотрудничества и миграции. Представители этой группы также в меньшей степени склонны доверять другим людям и традиционным СМИ, однако не отличаются от остального населения по уровню религиозности. Одним из наиболее интересных результатов является тот факт, что ковид-скептики значительно меньше доверяют правительству, здравоохранительной системе и национальным институтам в целом, а также гораздо хуже оценивают деятельность правительства по противодействию пандемии.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2020-928).
Политическая мобилизация российской оппозиции на примере акций протеста в январе 2021 года
Authors: Звоновский Владимир Борисович , Соловьёва Юлия Васильевна , Ходыкин Александр Владимирович , Азимова Алина Михайловна , Кожевникова Анна Александровна , Акимова Елена Сергеевна , Еловикова Анастасия Алексеевна
Published: January 2022

В статье на примере акций протеста января 2021 г. исследована политическая мобилизация российской оппозиции. На основе данных телефонного опроса, репрезентирующих население России (N = 1051), авторы прослеживают отражение политической мобилизации в общественном мнении. На базе материалов качественных интервью с участниками акции 21 января 2021 г. в Самаре (N = 23) рассматриваются практики протестной мобилизации участников акций в поддержку Алексея Навального. Результаты исследования показывают, что, оппозиции впервые с 2012 г. удалось широко мобилизовать информационные ресурсы и поднять уровень информированности об акциях до 90%. В то же время привлечь на свою сторону невовлеченных в оппозиционную активность россиян скорее не удалось: уровень одобрения протестов среди населения составляет 13%, и только каждый десятый участник опроса (9%) высказал желание принять участие в подобных протестных акциях. Основными каналами протестной мобилизации стали социальные сети. Выявлен высокий уровень протестной самоорганизации участников январских акций в Самаре — большинство из них способны самостоятельно координировать свои действия на акциях. Таким образом, для современного российского протестного движения характерен переход от вертикальной к горизонтальной протестной мобилизации, ярким примером которой являются акции протеста 2020 г. в Беларуси.
Do Internet Penetration and Online Censorship Levels Affect Long-Term Repression Success in Street Protest Prevention?
Authors: Belenkov Vadim E.
Published: January 2022

This research paper aims at learning whether Internet penetration and online censorship affect repression against civil society organization (CSO) capacity to prevent street protest events and/or reduce protest participant numbers in the long term. Although there is a large corpus of studies on the consequences of the Internet and social media development for street protest mobilization, there is little empirical research on whether offline CSO repression works in the age of the Internet and whether this new repression impact is modified by attempts to organize online censorship. I tried to solve this problem with large-N cross-national datasets on protest participation, CSO repression and online censorship as well as on the share of Internet users from 1990 to 2018. I propose a set of hypotheses claiming that repression has a negative unconditional effect on street protest probability and protester numbers, that the Internet penetration makes repression effect less negative or more positive, and that online censorship transforms repression impact into more negative and less positive. I test these hypotheses with pooled linear and logistic regressions weighted by inverse probability of loss to follow-up. The results demonstrate that when the repression effect exists, an uncensored Internet makes the weak repression effect positive and transforms highly severe repression effects from negative to null. Online censorship at a high level of Internet use only removes the positive effect of weak repression.
Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR and EISR, project number 21-011-32120.
Not Unique, not Universal: Risk Perception and Acceptance of Online Voting Technology by Russian Citizens
Authors: Babayan Valeria V. , Turobov Aleksey V.
Published: January 2022

What is the connection between Russian citizens' perception of Internet voting and the context of its top down adoption with their readiness to use it? To investigate this question, we use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to account for both observed and latent indicators of technology adoption and their linkage with the Internet voting use intent. The authors use survey evidence from VCIOM (2020) and a national survey of Internet users conducted by Online Marketing Intelligence (OMI) company in 2021. This study provides some support to the application of theoretical expectations formulated in the context of Western democracies to the Russian population's voting technology attitudes. The findings indicate that the use of the Internet is not a robust measure of technology acceptance anymore, and a more nuanced approach to the experiences of Internet usage is needed. Internet users appear to be more concerned about privacy, the possibility of fraud, and external interference than the respondents drawn from the overall population. The authors suggest that it is due to acceptance of risks seeming inevitable and to bigger digital literacy and therefore awareness about the risks posed by voting online.
Acknowledgments. The authors are grateful to anonymous reviewers for their astute observations and criticism. For their helpful comments, we thank our senior colleagues at HSE University: A. S. Akhremenko, K. L. Marquardt, and M. G. Mironyuk.
От Свободного университета до #freeuniversity: активизм студентов и преподавателей в офлайн- и онлайн-пространстве в Венгрии
Authors: Сирмаи Эва
Published: January 2022

Работа посвящена движениям студентов и преподавателей Сегедского университета, в частности, в период после смены политического режима Венгрии в 1989 г. Автор рассматривает офлайн- и онлайн-формы гражданского активизма с трех точек зрения, исследуя (1) взаимосвязь между институализированными и спонтанно организованными группами студентов и преподавателей, (2) адаптацию инструментов политического активизма к онлайн-пространству и (3) инструменты и способы глобальной, национальной и локальной мобилизации.
Особое внимание в статье уделено эффектам пандемии коронавируса, проявившимся в виде ограничения права на собрания. Автор рассматривает онлайн-платформы, ставшие особенно ценными в замене личного контакта, утраченного в результате дистанционного образования, и меры политики в области высшего образования, вызвавшие наибольший протест в самых разных формах. Специальный фокус сделан на коммуникационной стратегии «Сети преподавателей», сформированной в 2012 г., и постоянно меняющихся в связи с этими событиями студенческих группировках, а также их влиянии на общественное мнение, руководство университета и гражданские отношения.
Помимо контент-анализа первичных документов и дискурсов социальных сетей, автор работает с материалами глубинных интервью и анкетных опросов для проверки гипотезы о том, что социальные сети и онлайн-пространство не заменяют силу личной политической активности, но играют роль в видимой мобилизации «революционеров в кресле», а не в политике участия.
В поисках новых парадигм военно-социологических исследований. Рец. на кн.: Сутерс Дж. Социология и военные исследования. классические и современные основания. М.: ВЦИОМ, 2021. 352 с.
Authors: Смирнов Александр Ильич
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены размышления о новой книге известного западного социолога Дж. Сутерса «Социология и военные исследования», в которой анализируются возможности социологической науки для понимания структуры, функционирования и эффективности современных вооруженных сил в предотвращении и разрешении военных конфликтов. В качестве базовых оснований для анализа выступают научные идеи, теории, выводы и наблюдения классиков социологии, которые внесли наиболее значительный вклад в исследование военной проблематики. Автор определяет перспективные направления дальнейшего развития военной социологии и ставит вопрос о поиске новых парадигм в сфере военно-социологических исследований, способствующих более детальному изучению операционной стороны вооруженных сил, принимая во внимание интересы всех вовлеченных в военный конфликт сторон.
Development of a clinical scale to assess retropulsion in neurological disorders
Authors: Bergmann J. , Krewer C. , Koenig E. , Mueller F. , Jahn K.
Published: January 2022

Summary Retropulsion represents a severe disorder of postural control in the sagittal plane. It is characterized by a posterior displacement of the center of mass with respect to the base of support and active resistance to passive correction of this posture.Although retropulsion seems quite frequent and relevant for neurorehabilitation, research on this postural behavior is limited. One major problem is that there is no established tool available to assess and quantify the behavior. Thus the objective of this Delphi study was to develop a clinical scale to assess retropulsion in neurological disorders. The Delphi method was applied to gather opinions from experts and build consensus on the validity of the content of theScale for Retropulsion. Twelve experts from different countries and disciplines participated in the Delphi study. The Delphi process comprised three rounds. All items of the scale reached consensus in the second round. The final version of the Scale for Retropulsion includes four subtests: A) static postural control, B) reactive postural control, C) resistance, and D) dynamic postural control which are tested in a sitting and a standing (initial) position. High level of international, multidisciplinary overall expert agreement was achieved for the scale (median 9, IQR 1). This bed side test will help clinicians, therapists and researchers to evaluate postural instability in the sagittal plane and to study the epidemiology, the etiology, and the rehabilitation process of patients with retropulsion. The next stage is to evaluate the clinimetric properties of the scale.
Sekundäre Fehlbelegung und B - C Lücke
Authors: Wallesch C. W.
Published: January 2022

Placement errors in neurological early rehabilitation Out of 252 patients in neurological intensive care rehabilitation at the BDH Clinic Elzach who progressed to further rehabilitation treatment, 24 did not fulfill the criteria for acute hospital treatment in the last week(s) before beginning further rehabilitation. We argue that health insurance should be obligated to pay for in-patient treatment despite this gap.
Controlling in der Gesundheitswirtschaft
Authors: Leonhardt P. , Falcon P.
Published: January 2022

Controlling in the healthcare industry This article is primarily aimed at the medical, nursing and therapeutic service providers in rehabilitation facilities. We would like to show you how controlling works and how you can use controlling structures for better processes and better patient care. Controlling is by no means just about ensuring profitability. Rather, modern, “integrated” controlling aims to address aspects from the areas of economy, treatment quality and human resources and to successfully control the core processes, i. e., the patient-related processes, together with the managers.
Die zukünftige Rolle der Rehabilitation und deren Finanzierung
Authors: Beivers A.
Published: January 2022

The future role of rehabilitation and its financing: old and new questions - with and without the corona crisis The motto “rehabilitation before retirement” will soon change disproportionately into the motto “rehabilitation before care” and thus also raise the fundamental question of financing. By the beginning of the 2030s at the latest, there will be an “expenditure boomerang” for the cost-bearers. The corona crisis will exacerbate the problems – but it can also contribute to new concepts for solutions. Rehabilitation clinics, in particular, are important players in establishing new, digital care concepts. While rehabilitation service providers are increasingly acting as regional gatekeepers, this requires new remuneration modes. Capitation models or complex flat rates can be useful here. Implementing these is important in order to do justice to the new, significant role of rehabilitation in a changing care landscape.
Únik ze spádových škol: obavy rodičů z „běžné školy“ při nástupu dítěte do 1. třídy
Authors: Smith Slámová Radka
Published: January 2022

Na úrovni primárního vzdělávání v posledních několika letech vznikají nové typy výběrových tříd umožňující ranou selekci žáků podle kognitivních schopností či rodinného zázemí. Vzhledem k možným důsledkům těchto tříd pro spravedlivý přístup ke vzdělávání je důležité porozumět důvodům, z jakých si je rodiče vybírají. Cílem tohoto textu je objasnit, jaké obavy z „běžné školy“ přispívají k rozhodnutí rodičů zvolit výběrovou třídu při nástupu dítěte do 1. třídy. Výzkumným designem je zakotvená teorie, metodou sběru dat 21 rozhovorů se středostavovskými rodiči zvažujícími výběrové třídy ve městech. Výsledky vykreslují šest kategorií obav vztahujících se k obecné představě rodičů o „běžné české škole“ a týkajících se prostředí školy, přizpůsobování učebního tempa, naplnění rodičovy vzdělávací vize, žákovského složení, narušení harmonie rodinného života a přání rodičů docílit systémové změny. Představené obavy, založené na „horkých“ informacích spíše než na faktech o konkrétních školách, hrají důležitou roli v zamítnutí spádové školy. Diskuse v reakci na tyto obavy navrhuje školám opatření přínosná pro všechny žáky školy jako alternativu ke zřizování výběrových tříd, z nichž mají prospěch pouze někteří.
Préface
Authors: Matysová Daniela , Joung Seong Kyeong
Published: January 2022

Editorial
Einleitung: Philosophie als Passion. Das gebrochene Denken von Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Rössner Christian
Published: January 2022

The essay gives a short introduction to Levinas’ passionate thinking by focusing on the failure of all philosophical trials in theodicy.
Reading Levinas’ Deconstruction of Time Through the Ethical Subject
Authors: Han Haeyeun
Published: January 2022

This paper will take a closer look at Levinas' ethical subject and diachronic time in relation to Heidegger's project of Being and Time. Throughout the analysis, I will show how Levinas reformulates Heidegger's task and overcomes its limitation by successfully construing “the whole of time”, in the mode of discontinuity. Levinasian Diachronic time reveals a new signi-fication of finiteness, to be a Messiah, who dedicates oneself to the suffering others without seeking other-worldly hopes, for the “responsibility of a mortal being for a mortal being” itself is “the relationship with the infinite”. Furthermore, I will argue that through this diachronic time, Levinas attempts to construct a new structure of eternity under the influence of Rosenzweig. Levinas declares that only after falsifying hopes are dissolved in despair, infinity breaks into time, and enables “mortal human beings” to participate in “immortality” through the time of the Other. Whereas Heideggerian ontology attempted to articulate the meaning of Being-in-general based on the being of Dasein and temporality, Levinas captures that the pri-mordial horizon of ethics is the manifestation of the face of the Other and diachronic time, which lead us to think beyond Being, namely, “the otherwise than being”.
L’art, entre jouissance et utopie selon Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Olcèse Rodolphe
Published: January 2022

This text aims to show how, in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, the moment of jouissance is constitutive of the selfhood of the ego and conditions the very possibility of a sensitivity to the other man, and so the possibility of the ethical relation itself. These considerations on the enjoyment invited us to think artistic creation and poetry as a way to respond to anesthesia of our sensibility through knowledge, which is a characteristic of western thought for Emmanuel Levinas.
lncRNA PCAT1 might coordinate ZNF217 to promote CRC adhesion and invasion through regulating MTA2/MTA3/Snai1/E-cadherin signaling
Authors: Zhang Shulong , Zhu Kaihua , Han Qi , Wang Quan , Yang Bin
Published: January 2022

LncRNA prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT1) is a well-known oncogene, but the mechanisms of exosomes PCAT1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely unknown. Thus, the mechanisms of exosomes lncRNA PCAT1 were investigated. The expressions of exosomes lncRNA PCAT1 in tissues from stage 0-I and stage II-III CRC patients, and intestinal epithelial cell line FHC and two CRC cell lines, HT29 and HCT8 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The effects of lncRNA PCAT1 on adhesion and invasion of two CRC cell lines were investigated by cell-matrix adhesion and transwell assays. In addition, the target of PCAT1 (ZNF217) was validated using an RNA immune precipitation assay. Finally, the protein levels of MTA2, MTA3, SNAI1, and E-cadherin in normal participants, stage 0-I and stage II-III CRC patients, as well as two cell lines with stable ZNF217 knockdown were investigated by western blotting. The plasma exosomal lncRNA PCAT1 was found to be significantly increased in the CRC tissues and cell lines. In addition, lncRNA PCAT1 knockdown significantly inhibited the adhesion and invasion of HT29 and HCT8 cells. RIP assay results showed lncRNA PCAT1 could target ZNF217, and downregulation of lncRNA PCAT1 could decrease the protein expressions of ZNF217 in two CRC cells lines. Moreover, ZNF217 knockdown significantly decreased MTA2, MTA3, and SNAI1 expressions, but increased E-cadherin expressions in both CRC cells lines. Exosomal lncRNA PCAT1 can promote the adhesion and invasion of CRC cells, and PCAT1 overexpression may lead to ZNF217 upregulation that regulates EMT-related MTA2/MTA3/Snai1/E-cadherin signaling
The signal axis GATA2-EDN1-AGT induced hypertension from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome with the clinical and animal study
Authors: Zhang Li , Xu Shaokun , Zhou Ning , Shen Juanqin , Huang Jiaqing , Sun Dongsheng
Published: January 2022

Hypertension occurred in 50% obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients meanwhile OSAHS occurred in 30% hypertension patients. The present study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of GATA2-EDN1-AGT induced hypertension in the development of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. OSAHS patients (56 cases: 36 cases of male, 20 cases of female, 42~60 years old) were divided into two groups (case group: patients with hypertension monitored by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and polysomnography; control group: patients without hypertension). Wistar rats were used to establish the OSAHS model (narrow pharyngeal cavity). PaO2 and PaCO2 of patients and rats were measured by an automatic blood gas analyzer. The profile of total protein in the OSAHS group and normal group was evaluated. Protein-protein-interaction (PPI) was carried out to show all matter proteins related. The levels of EDN-1, AGTII and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in blood samples of patients and rats were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of GATA2, EDN1, endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1) and AGTⅡ was measured. The results showed that SaO2 and AHI were positively associated with systolic pressure (P<0.05) in OSAHS patients. There was no correlation among other indexes (P>0.05). It was also observed that GATA2 had a strong relationship with AGTⅡ and EDN1. The results of ELISA presented that the levels of EDN1, AGTⅡ and ANP in the OSAHS group of human and animal models were significantly increased (P<0.05). The results of immunochemistry showed that the expression of GATA2 and AGTⅡ in the vascular of OSAHS group was upregulated manifestly (P<0.05). It was concluded that OSAHS can induce AHI, which increases hypertension via the GATA2-EDN1-AGT Ⅱ axis.
Evaluation of the efficacy of MST-312, as a telomerase inhibitor, in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma after stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zhou Chengxiang , Liu Shaoling
Published: January 2022

High-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation are the best treatment options in patients with multiple myeloma. Numerous medicines have been studied as a maintenance treatment after transplantation. Still, the use of medications that, in addition to their maintenance properties, eliminate or delay relapse of the disease has always been researchers' purpose. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of MST-312 after stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. For this purpose, 73 patients with multiple myeloma after stem cell transplantation were studied. Thirty-five patients were in the case group, and 37 patients were in the control group. The case group was treated with 100 mg/day MST-312. Stem cell survival was evaluated in the two groups. Also, the expression of TNFα and IL-6 genes were evaluated by the Real-time PCR technique. The results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of stem cell survival in the first year (P=0.72) and second years of treatment (P=0.66). But there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding progression-free survival (PFS) in the first year (P=0.041) and the second year (P=0.029). These results indicate that MST-312 inhibits the progress of the disease by inhibiting the telomerase activity of myeloma cells. Genetic evaluations also showed that IL-6 and TNF-α genes were significantly reduced in the case group. Therefore, it could be suggested that MST-312 has a selective inhibitory effect on myeloma cell growth and can be indicated as a suitable candidate for treating multiple myeloma.
Effect of Qingre Jiedu Huoxue Huayu Recipe on blood stasis and toxin syndrome in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, serum Lp-PLA2, TNF- α, and PIGF expression level
Authors: Zifu Tan , Jiaquan Li , Juan Zhang
Published: January 2022

The pathological basis of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is severe coronary stenosis, unstable plaque erosion, and rupture, resulting in coronary blood flow reduction and myocardial ischemia, leading to acute thrombosis cardiovascular disease events. This subject intends to study the treatment of NSTE-ACS patients with blood stasis and toxin syndrome by Qingre Jiedu Huoxue Huayu Decoction, observe its clinical efficacy, and explore the effects of serum lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α), the effect of placental growth factor (PIGF) expression. In this study, 100 patients with blood stasis and toxin syndrome of NSTE-ACS treated in the cardiovascular department of Enshi National Hospital from August 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the research object. They were randomly divided into traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive treatment groups and conventional western medicine control groups, with 50 cases. The conventional western medicine control group was treated with hydroclopidogrel tablets orally, and the comprehensive treatment group of traditional Chinese medicine combined with Qingre Jiedu Huoxue Huayu formula orally. The patients in both groups were treated for four weeks. The results showed that after treatment, the practical clinical rate of the comprehensive treatment group was significantly higher than that of the conventional western medicine control group. After treatment, the TCM syndrome score, angina pectoris attack duration, and angina pectoris attack frequency, myocardial zymogram index level, serum Lp-PLA2 and TNF of the two groups were measured- α. The levels of PIGF were significantly lower than those before treatment. The decline of the above indexes in the comprehensive treatment group of traditional Chinese medicine was significantly better than that in the control group of conventional Western Medicine (P<0.05). The incidence of MACE events in the TCM Comprehensive treatment group was significantly lower than that in the conventional western medicine control group (P <0.05).
Study on the expression level of NF-κB and clinical evaluations in spinal tuberculosis patients
Authors: Bian HengJie , Li TongLin , Wang Rui , Li Wan , Ma Yong
Published: January 2022

Spinal tuberculosis or tuberculous spondylitis is one of the most common types of skeletal tuberculosis. Complications of the spine and spinal cord tuberculosis include destruction of the vertebrae, deformity, and paraplegia. Since in some patients, the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis are unusual and timely diagnosis and treatment of this disease can prevent its serious consequences, so in the present study, some cases of rare manifestations of tuberculosis were investigated. The expression of the NF-κB gene in these patients was also evaluated. In this regard, 36 patients with spinal tuberculosis and 30 healthy individuals (as a control group) were assessed. Clinical symptoms, imaging, laboratory tests, pathology, and response to treatment related to patients with spinal tuberculosis and spinal cord tuberculosis were evaluated. NF-κB expression was also evaluated using the PCR technique in peripheral white blood cell samples. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS ver. 16, χ2 and T-test statistical methods. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric tests were used to analyze non-parametric data. The results showed that out of 36 cases of spinal tuberculosis, 29 cases had spinal tuberculosis, five cases had tuberculous radiculomyelitis, one case had spinal intramedullary tuberculoma, and one case had syringomyelia. 52.78% of patients were male, and 70% of cases were observed between the ages of 35 and 55 years. Fever and back pain were seen in more than 80% of cases. The study of NF-κB expression in the control and case groups showed that the NF-κB expression in the case group increased compared to the control group. This increase was statistically significant (P = 0.0071). In general, in the present study, the methods of clinical diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis were evaluated. Also, the amount of NF-κB transcription factor was evaluated as an effective genetic factor in the diagnosis of this disease.
The mechanism of miR-525-5p derived from hypoxia and reoxygenation in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Xin Mei , Song Ronggang , Meng Hongyan , Wei Xinfeng
Published: January 2022

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) which leads to patients a poor progression. According to Pubmed Datasets, we analyzed different gene and mRNA expressions in IHD patients with IRI. The relevant mRNA expression detected in H9C2 cells undergo hypoxia and reoxygenation, we selected and structured miR-525-5p gene mutation H9C2 cells, the results performed miR-525-5p mutated restored H9C2 metabolism of mitochondria which detected by relevant genes and proteins. At the same time, miR-525-5p silence resisted hypoxia and reoxygenation induced H9C2 cells apoptosis. All the results indicated miR-525-5p maybe protect H9C2 cells without hypoxia and reoxygenation induced injury through regulating the mitochondria metabolism.
Еndothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: feasibility of non-medicamental treatment (literature review and personal experience)
Authors: Vantiukh N. V. , Lemko O. I.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work was to study the feasibility of the use of non-medicamental factors for the correction of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Results. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered as a systemic disease, one of the pathogenetic components of which is endothelial dysfunction (ED), which contributes to the development of comorbid cardiovascular pathology. At the same time, the basic treatment of patients with COPD includes drugs that may adversely influence it, and some medicines for the cardiac pathology treatment can increase the bronchial obstruction. Therefore, a question of non-medicamental methods of ED correction is actual, especially beyond the acute period of the disease. Methods of hardware physiotherapy, including ozone therapy, singlet oxygen therapy and its combination with magnetic therapy, low-intensity laser radiation, ultrasound therapy, a combination of laser therapy with balneotherapy, are widely employed. These methods have antioxidant, bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory effects, promote improvement of hemodynamics, as well as rheological properties of blood and microcirculation. Interval hypoxic therapy is also used, because in response to the hypoxic stimulation, the mechanisms of the respiratory system regulation, gas exchange and blood circulation are activated.
It is also promising to use haloaerosoltherapy (HAT), which due to the increase of bronchs drainage function and sanitizing effect leads to the inhibition of local inflammation, improves ventilation and gas exchange, and reduces the intensity of oxidative stress, which promotes decrease of systemic inflammation and ED, associated with it. Particularly, this effect is manifested by lowering of edothelin-1 level and the expression of adhesion molecules by lymphocytes (CD54+).
Conclusions. The analysis shows that the inclusion of methods with non-medicamental influence on the endothelium can significantly increase the effectiveness of complex treatment of patients with COPD, without increasing the medicinal load on the organism, which helps to avoid undesirable side effects. The use of HAT in the rehabilitation treatment of COPD patients contributes not only to decreasing the activity of local and systemic inflammatory processes, but also is accompanied by a certain correction of ED. However, specific recommendations for the use of certain non-medicamental effects in the complex rehabilitation treatment of patients with COPD, taking into account the presence of ED, have not been developed.
Modern understanding of pathogenesis of periodontal diseases and prospects of modulation therapy (literature review)
Authors: Zubachyk V. M. , Petryshyn O. A. , Zubachyk O. V.
Published: January 2022

Aim. To study scientific literature which covers the onset and course of major periodontal diseases and possible methods of body modulation for such patients. To analyze the information provided by the modern scientific researches of periodontal diseases pathogenesis and treatment results to outline prospective directions of therapeutic influence on the patient’s organism.
Conclusions. The pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis is determined by some factors, the main of which are local, microorganisms in particular, that are counteracted by the immune system. Periodontal tissue is in close contact with the organs and systems of the body. Their diseases significantly affect the course, treatment and prevention of periodontitis. This requires a multifaceted approach and the choice of the most effective drugs.
The primary strategy of preventing gingivitis is to eliminate the attachment of periodontal pathogens to the epithelium and surface of the teeth to prevent the penetration of microorganisms and their toxins through natural protective barriers. It is more important to resort to biological approaches using probiotics, as well as other natural media in order to prevent dysbiosis, long-term treatment, and maintenance therapy. The concept of vaccination against periodontitis is now being elaborated. Correction of the pathological process in the periodontium is considered in the context of the overall biological response of the organism. Therefore, the assessment of the role of its regulators reveals not only the features of local mechanisms, modulation pathways, but also the choice of effective drugs. Prospects of new approaches and introduction of highly effective drugs are critically analyzed.
Association of leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and meta-inflammation markers with metabolically unhealthy obesity in children
Authors: Abaturov А. Е. , Nikulina A. O.
Published: January 2022

The aim: to study the contribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene and meta-inflammation markers to the formation of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in children.
Materials and methods. A total of 109 obese children aged 6–18 years were examined. Based on the recommendations of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), 2 observation groups were formed. The main group (n = 56) was represented by patients with MUO. The control group (n = 53) comprised children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method, interleukin-6, leptin, adiponectin – by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the serum level of C-reactive protein were quantified by latex turbidimetric method (Synevo, Ukraine). The method of next-generation sequencing (NGS) (CeXGat, Germany) was used to identify LEPR SNP. Statistical methods were used: analysis of variance, Spearman’s correlation analysis and multiple discriminant analysis.
Results. In obese children aged 6 to 18 years, there was an increase in pro-inflammatory adipokines IL-6 and leptin and a decrease in anti-inflammatory adiponectin. Statistically significant changes in these indicators were more expressed in the main group: IL-6 – 7.4 ± 0.5 pg/ml (ρ = 0.65; P ≤ 0.001); adiponectin – 3.9 ± 0.8 μg/ml (ρ = -0.27; P = 0.007) among all the children examined, leptin in girls – 47.8 ± 4.4 ng/ml (ρ = -0.28; P = 0.003) compared with the results of patients in the control group: IL-6 – 4.3 ± 0.3 pg/ml, adiponectin – 7.7 ± 2.4 μg/ml, leptin in girls – 32.5 ± 4.3 ng/ml, P ≤ 0.05. The most important in the development of MUO were the following SNP of the LEPR gene: rs3790435 (CiMUO = 0.939), rs2186248 (CiMUO = 0.862), P < 0.05. A strong correlation was found between MUO and serum IL-6 level (ρ = 0.7), LEPR SNP rs3790435 (ρ = 0.7), basal hyperinsulinemia (ρ = 0.72); Р ≤ 0.001. The risk of IL-6-dependent meta-inflammation in the presence of SNP rs3790435 of the LEPR gene: OR = 17.11; 95 % CI 2.8–20.4.
Conclusions. Meta-inflammation in MUO is IL-6-dependent. Among the 10 SNPs of the LEPR gene that we identified, SNP rs3790435 of the LEPR gene has a strong association with the formation of MUO. SNP rs2186248 LEPR was described by us for the first time when it was found in 94.1 % of obese children, but it was characterized by the presence of a weak association with MUO.