bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of a Cushing's ulcer in a 7-y.o. child after a tumor (medulloblastoma) removal in ventricle IV
Authors: Mordvin Pavel A. , Kozlov Mikhail Yu. , Sokolov Yuri Yu. , Kurkin Alexander P. , Tenovskaya Natalia V. , Marenich Natalia S. , Pursanov Manolis G. , Kopylov Il'ya V. , Konovalova Anastasiya M. , Evstaf'eva Irina I.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Cushing's ulcer is a stress ulcer in the stomach or duodenum which basic etiological factor is increased intracranial pressure. The increased intracranial pressure is caused, most often, by intracranial neoplasms, cranial-cerebral injury or previous neurosurgical interventions. Cushing's ulcers are usually solitary and deep, often complicated with recurrent gastrointestinal bleedings and less often with perforations. In cases of suspected perforation in a complex anatomical localization (posterior wall of the duodenum), the method of choice according to the world literature is computed tomography with intravenous contrast. Subsequently, after brief preoperative preparation, indications for laparoscopy or laparotomy with subsequent ulcer closure are determined. In the absence of free gas in the abdominal cavity, the "gold standard" for diagnosis and treatment is esophagogastroduodenoscopy. During esophagogastroduodenoscopy, it is necessary to visualize the source of gastrointestinal bleeding and determine if it is ongoing. In cases of ongoing gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopic hemostasis is performed. If it is not possible to establish the source of bleeding and/or if local hemostasis attempts are unsuccessful, endovascular arterial embolization is recommended. If all minimally invasive methods are ineffective, radical methods such as laparoscopy or laparotomy with visualization of the source of bleeding, cessation of bleeding, and ulcer closure are employed.
Clinical Case Description. This clinical case demonstrates the severity and unpredictability of the clinical course of Cushing's ulcer complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient underwent multiple hemostatic procedures through esophagogastroduodenoscopy and arterial embolization. However, despite all minimally invasive treatment methods, the patient's condition required radical surgical treatment.
CONCLUSION: There is no information in the world literature about the algorithm for managing recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in the context of Cushing's ulcer. The authors recommend to covert to more radical treatment only after all minimally invasive techniques turned to be ineffective.
Oikophobia and the crisis of modern Western civilization
Authors: Turonok S.G.
Published: May 2024

The subject of this article is the phenomenon of oikophobia, which in recent decades has attracted the attention of philosophers, political scientists, sociologists and psychologists who tend to interpret it as the origin of many crisis phenomena affecting the modern Western civilization. The term has been used in political contexts to refer critically to political ideologies that are perceived as responsible for repudiating one's own culture, history, traditions and laud others. The simplest way of defining oikophobia is as the opposite extreme of xenophobia. As xenophobia means the fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners, reversely oikophobia means the fear or hatred of home or one's own society or civilization, oikos being the ancient Greek word for home, house, household. The article reveals the essence and content, characteristic manifestations of oikophobia in its narrow and broad meanings, the historical, cultural and intellectual background and sources of its origin and development. The author identifies signs of oikophobia in a number of key political, philosophical and ideological paradigms and concepts. Based on our findings, we suggest that various manifestations of oikophobia, especially those that may provide the ideological basis for mass protest movements, pose a serious challenge to public policy and government institutions not only in Western countries, but also in Russia. Government bodies and non-governmental organizations involved in the process of policy formulation in the spheres of security, information and education should pay attention to the threats and challenges that government institutions in the USA, Great Britain and a number of other Western countries have already dealt with. In our opinion, one of the most relevant areas of interaction between the Russian government and civil society in the field of countering the manifestations of oikophobia should be formulating general criteria for identifying Russophobia, which could be applied not only in the field of scientific research and educational practices, but also in the field of lawmaking and law enforcement.
Discursive strategies for legitimizing U.S. sanctions policy towards Russia (2021-2023)
Authors: Sokolshchik L.M. , Sokolshchik Yu.S. , Teremetskiy K.S.
Published: May 2024

The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of discursive strategies for legitimizing the United States (U.S.) sanctions policy against Russia during the Biden Administration. The paper is based on a constructivist theory within the study of international relations and methodological innovations by T. van Dijk, T.J. van Leeuwen, R. Wodak. The research investigates the hypothesis that the absence of an international legal framework for anti-Russian sanctions creates an increased need for the United States to legitimize them. The work uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) to investigate discursive strategies of legitimization of U.S. sanctions against Russia (through 1) emotions; 2) hypothetical future; 3) procedures; 4) expert opinion; 5) altruism). The study shows that anti-Russian sanctions is a part of the hegemonic foreign policy of the United States. It is manifested, reproduced, and justified through the official narrative. Political discourses containing ideological attitudes are used by the United States to create, maintain and protect its identity, which is based on the binary opposition “ Self-Positive Representation - Other-Negative Representation” and has a projection on the country's foreign policy. The most convincing discursive strategies of legitimization are those that appeal to the fundamental pillars of American identity (strategies 1, 2, 5). Strategies that rely on more specific/ situational grounds and argumentation systems are the least convincing (strategies 3, 4).
Vitamin D deficiency associates inversely with COVID-19 risks; might avoidance of vitamin D inadequacy reduce those risks?
Authors: Boucher Barbara
Published: May 2024

The risks of COVID-19, whether of becoming infected, needing intensive care or dying, consistently relate inversely to vitamin D status [serum 25(OH)D concentration], but low 25(OH)D is not just due to COVID-19 since they are seen in relation to pre-pandemic 25(OH)D values, both in individual cohorts and across many populations. Furthermore, many recognised risk factors for increased COVID-19 severity themselves reduce vitamin D status [e.g., obesity, dark skin, indoor lifestyles, low socio-economic status and increasing age], which complicates data analyses. Vitamin D has many mechanistic effects likely to provide adjunctive benefits protecting against COVID-19 severity. For example, vitamin D reduces the risks of microbial infection by promoting innate immunity and reduces tissue damage in severe infections by modulating the severity of adaptive immune responses. The protective mechanistic effects of correcting vitamin D inadequacy discussed support the view that increasing vitamin D status should reduce COVID-19 risks. However, many trials of cholecalciferol treatment have failed to do so, probably because it takes many weeks to raise serum 25(OH)D levels adequately whilst the increasing clinical use of the 25(OH)D metabolite [calcifediol] in COVID-19 treatment, which raises serum 25(OH)D concentrations rapidly, has led to reports of clinical benefits in COVID-19 illness.
Exploring the Factors Influencing Shrimp Farmers’ Adoption Intentions toward Improved Disease-Prevention Technologies
Authors: Azali Sazali Amira Hanani , Kamarulzaman Nitty Hirawaty , Man Norsida
Published: May 2024

Shrimp production is adversely affected by diseases, particularly in giant tiger prawn and whiteleg shrimp. The predominant use of inexpensive antibiotics by shrimp farmers has resulted in antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at the farm level. However, the adoption of new antibiotic-related technologies remains low due to their high cost and farmers’ reluctance. This study explored key factors influencing shrimp farmers’ intentions to adopt improved disease-prevention technologies. Stratified random sampling selected 123 shrimp farmers from four regions in Peninsular Malaysia, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Several statistical analyses were employed to scrutinize the collected data, encompassing descriptive analysis, Chi-square analysis, factor analysis, and logistic regression analysis. The research findings revealed a significantly high intention (74.0%, n=91) among shrimp farmers toward adopting improved disease-prevention technologies. The analysis unveiled a significant correlation between attitude (ß=2.062, p<0.000) and the intention of shrimp farmers toward adopting improved disease-prevention technologies in their shrimp farming practices. Notably, those with a positive attitude were found to be 7.9 times more interested in adapting these technologies, underlining attitude as the predominant influence in this context. These findings offer valuable insights to enhance the competitiveness of the aquaculture sector in shrimp production and animal health advancements. Promoting sustainable and responsible practices has become the key to ensuring the shrimp farming sector’s long-term success and resilience.
Lactancia materna como un derecho humano fundamental
Authors: De la Teja Ángeles Eduardo
Published: May 2024

La lactancia materna es un acto de amor y nutrición esencial para el ser humano en los primeros años de vida, y se encuentra protegida y vinculada con los ideales universales de la humanidad como son los derechos humanos.
La lactancia materna beneficia la salud, la nutrición, el desarrollo neurológico, físico y emocional óptimo de las niñas y niños, es benéfica para la madre y también es una manifestación tangible de los valores que sustentan nuestra sociedad. En un mundo donde la igualdad y la justicia son aspiraciones constantes, la promoción y protección de la lactancia materna surge como un llamado a la acción para salvaguardar los derechos fundamentales de las madres, los niños y la comunidad en su conjunto. Además, resguarda los derechos de las madres al empoderarlas en su papel fundamental como cuidadoras y proveedoras de vida.
Caribbean Economics Quarterly: Volume 13, Issue 1: Risks and Opportunities for Caribbean Economies in a Diverging World
Authors: Rosenblatt David , Saboin José Luis , Ortiz de Mendívil Cloe , Mooney Henry , Gauto Victor , Teixeira Gisele , Clayton Khamal , Ishii Sota , Hussain Lisa , Satnarine-Singh Nirvana
Published: May 2024

Caribbean economies are experiencing continued growth into 2024 as the severe economic and social stress of the COVID-19 pandemic has receded. Meanwhile, global economic conditions may be diverging. For Caribbean economies, these divergent circumstances and policies could create both risks and opportunities moving forward. The much-anticipated lowering of global interest rates has not yet materialized. The U.S. economy is performing more strongly than expected, with inflation stuck above the 2 percent target. This is leading to the possibility that the U.S. Federal Reserve will further delay reducing the policy interest rate. After the strong economic recovery of 20212023, Caribbean economies continue to grow at a somewhat faster pace than Latin America and the Caribbean as a whole. Further work to strengthen macro frameworks is a fundamental precondition for growth. A renewed focus on regulatory reforms, human capital, and resilient infrastructure could make Caribbean economies “ready for take-off” to higher levels of growth. Country circumstances vary substantially, as noted in the country sections of this report.
¿Hay diversas alternativas para el futuro del socialismo en América Latina? La esperanza de los cambios radicales y la probabilidad de la permanencia de la cultura política tradicional
Authors: Mansilla H. C. F.
Published: May 2024

Las perspectivas futuras del socialismo latinoamericano deben ser analizadas en tres campos diferentes: (1) en la esfera de la discusión teórico-filosófica, (2) en el ámbito de las ideologías de movilización de masas con carácter redentor y (3) en el terreno de las estrategias socialistas de alcanzar el poder como normativa predominante y a veces única, bajo un ropaje populista. En el primer caso, las perspectivas son malas debido a la esterilidad del pensamiento teórico socialista. En el segundo, las perspectivas son regulares, pues la movilización de masas mediante emociones y sentimientos tiene éxito solo en los primeros tiempos. En el tercer caso, las perspectivas son relativamente buenas, como lo muestra la amplia imitación del modelo chino en varios países. Los procesos de modernización, la mejor educación y los contactos más estrechos con el mundo exterior podrían debilitar las perspectivas de éxito del socialismo.
Entre arrendamientos y ventas: el proceso de expropiación y dotación de la hacienda y formación de los ejidos El Minthó y El Astillero, siglo XX, Huichapan, México
Authors: Pérez-Mendoza Benito Benedetto , Juárez-Hernández Sandra Jazmin
Published: May 2024

En las primeras décadas del siglo XX, luego de una serie de decretos y modificaciones a las leyes de posesión de la tierra, y ante la inminente pérdida que ello representó para los propietarios de las haciendas, se implementaron distintas estrategias para preservar las propiedades y contrarrestar los efectos de las leyes de expropiación, producto de la Revolución mexicana. Este trabajo se aproxima al proceso de expropiación de El Minthó y El Astillero, para la creación de sus ejidos y sus ampliaciones bajo los decretos 1915, 1925 y 1930. Asimismo, se particulariza en las estrategias que se implementaron para retener las tierras de dichas haciendas, con la intervención de los comités administrativos, posteriormente ejidales y de vigilancia, que bajo su conocimiento de las condiciones, límites y de las relaciones sociales lograron el reconocimiento de sus ejidos y la productividad de las tierras, pese a las condiciones de aridez y baja precipitación de la región, lo que permitió amasar propiedades y un importante caudal.
Condicionantes de la cultura material al nivel de los objetos domésticos en una parroquia rural de la provincia de Maracaibo: la Inmaculada Concepción de la Cañada (1804-1860)
Authors: Rincón-Rubio Luis
Published: May 2024

Se realiza una aproximación a los factores condicionantes de la cultura material al nivel de los objetos domésticos en la parroquia rural Inmaculada Concepción de la Cañada, provincia de Maracaibo (Venezuela), en los años 1804-1860. Específicamente, se investiga el efecto de la residencia alterna en un medio urbano, la riqueza de las familias y el ámbito socioprofesional de los jefes de familia sobre la cantidad, la variedad y el tipo de objetos presentes en las viviendas. Se conciben los objetos domésticos como entidades que ejercen agencia material; se explora cómo los factores considerados pudieron influenciar en el grado de bienestar material de las familias y en las relaciones mutuamente constitutivas entre la cultura material y las prácticas e identidades de los agentes sociales. Las fuentes primarias utilizadas consistieron en un conjunto de expedientes de inventarios postmortem consultados en el Registro Principal del Estado de Zulia (Maracaibo, Venezuela).
La violencia en la novela urbana de Colombia en la década del cuarenta. El día del odio, de José Antonio Osorio Lizarazo
Authors: Duarte-Rangel Carlos
Published: May 2024

El siguiente artículo presenta una reflexión sobre la literatura como un recurso para la comprensión de procesos históricos, en el marco de un debate por las fronteras entre la historia y la literatura, a partir del análisis de la novela El día del odio, de José Antonio Osorio Lizarazo. En Colombia, desde el asesinato de Jorge Eliécer Gaitán hasta la conformación del Frente Nacional, existió un régimen político cerrado y antidemocrático, algo que provocó la aparición de una serie de documentos testimoniales que representaron ese contexto violento. A partir de lo que los estudios culturales literarios y la sociología llamarían como “literatura de la violencia” y “novela testimonial”, se identifica una serie de elementos textuales e intertextuales que utiliza el autor para dar cuenta de la vida política y social en aquellos años. En este caso, en la obra de Osorio, la ciudad se convierte en el lugar donde se representan todos aquellos elementos que configuran la violencia bipartidista que vivió el país en aquellos años.
Efectos subjetivos de las prácticas productivas en las luchas espaciales contemporáneas
Authors: Vargas-Murcia Enver
Published: May 2024

El artículo discute la importancia del estudio de la subjetividad y su relación con la construcción de los espacios habitacionales. En él se analiza cómo distintas prácticas inciden en la producción de la subjetividad y cómo pueden ser cruciales para establecer las condiciones de sujeción y desujeción contemporáneas. En la primera parte del documento se explica la metodología implementada, denominada ontología política relacional de los sujetos y los espacios. En la segunda sección, se discute la heterogeneidad de las prácticas y su relación con los procesos de subjetivación/desujeción. La tercera sección documenta la relación existente entre las prácticas productivas y la constitución de los sujetos, incorporando a la teoría subjetiva foucaultiana los modos de subjetivación derivados de las prácticas productivas, descritos en las figuras retóricas del vampirismo y la maquinización marxistas. Finalmente, en las dos últimas secciones del artículo se analizan algunas prácticas constructivas con especial atención en los paradigmas de la arquitectura institucional/estatal, que pueden ser descritas como prácticas de captura; también se analizan prácticas de construcción resistentes como la autoconstrucción popular o la bioconstrucción, que ostentan un interés marcado en la distribución de capacidades y saberes en distintos sujetos para un manejo más autónomo de los espacios.
Figes, O. (2022). La historia de Rusia. Taurus
Authors: Contreras-Buitrago Andrés Felipe
Published: May 2024

El 24 de febrero de 2022, Rusia inició una invasión contra Ucrania, un acontecimiento que tiene aún gran resonancia a nivel mundial porque suponía una movilización militar en Europa que no se veía desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El cubrimiento que hicieron las redes sociales y los medios de comunicación sobre este evento hizo que se suscitara un gran interés por el pasado y la historia del país agresor, puesto que, en muchos de sus discursos, el presidente de la Federación de Rusia, Vladímir Putin, hacía referencia a diferentes aspectos históricos de su nación: la Rus de Kiev, la época de los zares, la revolución bolchevique, la Unión Soviética y décadas más recientes. Por lo cual, la compresión de la historia de Rusia era fundamental para entender el actual conflicto, y ahí es cuando entra el historiador Orlando Figes, que, a la luz de esos acontecimientos, escribió Historia de Rusia.
Orophilic and crenophilic stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) of the Italian region: new species, nomenclatural changes, updated and annotated checklist
Authors: Vinçon Gilles , Ravizza Carlalberto , Ravizza Dematteis Elisabetta , Reding Jean-Paul G.
Published: May 2024

An updated checklist of 191 Plecoptera species currently known from the Italian region is presented. Four new species are described: Protonemura marilouae sp. nov. from Calabria and Sicily, P. olahi sp. nov. from the central Apennines (Abruzzi), Leuctra stronensis sp. nov. from the Pennine Alps and L. trecimensis sp. nov. from the Dolomites. The males of Protonemura hirpina Consiglio, 1958b, and Leuctra silana Aubert, 1953b, are re-described, and their females are described for the first time. Four taxa are raised from subspecies to species rank: Protonemura padana Vinçon & Ravizza, 2005, Leuctra aubertorum Ravizza & Ravizza Dematteis, 1994a, L. orsiera Ravizza & Vinçon, 2003 and L. incudensis Vinçon & Ravizza, 2000b. Nemoura banatica Kis, 1965 is restored as a valid species, removed from synonymy with N. marginata Pictet, 1836, and its male is re-described. Protonemura beatensis robusta Berthélemy, 1963 is declared to be a junior synonym of P. salfii (Aubert, 1954c). Taxonomical notes on problematic species are added. The present checklist is the result of the compilation of published and unpublished data collected by the first three authors between 1974 and 2023. Distribution, altitudinal range and flight period of all species are summarized in table I. The altitudinal limits of nearly all orophilic Plecoptera species of the Italian Alps and Apennines are shown to have shifted to higher altitudes over a period of 30 or more years. An exhaustive bibliography of the original species descriptions of the Italian Plecoptera fauna is provided.
Pixel Permutation Using Chaotic Perfect Shuffle Technique for Image Encryption
Authors: Ernastuti Ernastuti , Salim Ravi A , Puspitodjati Sulistyo
Published: May 2024

A proposed algorithm for digital image encryption is presented in this paper. It combines permutation and substitution techniques. Logistic map which is a chaos function is used in both techniques. Before encrypting, the keystream is generated first from the logistics map. Then, the plain image’s pixel positions are shuffled with perfect shuffle permutation based on ascending keystream order, thereby executing the permutation process. Next, the pixel values are substituted using the XOR operation with a keystream which is also generated from the logistic map. Pixels are operated in cipher block chain mode. This research aim is to develop an image encryption algorithm, especially in the permutation process, that has high resistance to attacks by crackers. The attack types observed in this research include statistical attacks, permutation matrix attacks, differential attacks, as well as brute force attacks. From the experimental results and analysis of the proposed algorithm indicate that it has high resistance from all those attacks.
Effect of Construction Delays and the Preventive Role of Concrete Works Optimization: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Yudhistira Angga T. , Satyarno Iman , Nugroho Arief S. B. , Handayani Tantri N.
Published: May 2024

Delays in construction are a widespread global problem, leading to potential cost overruns and legal disputes. Additionally, delays can result in a decline in construction quality and loss of public trust. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of project delays in various regions and the preventive role of optimizing concrete works. Literature review and bibliometric analysis are carried out to determine global research trends. Findings show that optimizing concrete works can provide benefits such as cost savings, time savings, improved quality and safety, and environmental benefits. Optimization of concrete material composition is one of the most examined topics in this field. Based on the findings, construction firms have the potential to attain cost efficiencies while concurrently mitigating carbon emissions.
Dimensional Accuracy of Two-Step Impressions Relined with Extra-Light Addition Silicone Material
Authors: Jafari Alireza , Mombeini Esmat , Payaminia Leila , Beyabanaki Elaheh , Tahmasebi Rahim
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Some small defects may remain in the impression after making a two-step putty-light body impression. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy of 2-step and relined 2-step (3-step) putty-light body impressions.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 30 impressions were made with putty, light body, and extra-light body addition silicone materials using the 2-step and 3-step impression techniques (N=15). An epoxy resin master model was made duplicating a maxillary typodont with left first premolar and first molar teeth prepared with a shoulder finish line and truncated pyramidal-shaped indices in the mid-palate and third molar sites. In addition to creating a reference digital model by scanning the master model, 30 master casts were scanned to produce digital models. The anteroposterior (AP) and cross-sectional (CS) dimensional accuracy of the models were compared with the master model using linear measurements. Moreover, tooth size measurements were made and compared using the root mean square (RMS). Two-sample t-test was applied to analyze the data (α=0.05).
Results: The mean AP and RMS differences between the two study groups were not significant (P>0.05). However, the CS difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001), and the 3-step impression technique showed smaller discrepancies in comparison to the master model.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in accuracy of the two techniques for single-unit and multiple-unit preparations. The 3-step impression technique had a higher CS dimensional accuracy.
A Review on the Effects of Physical Activity and Curcumin Supplementation on the Toxicity of Disease Caused by Anthracyclines with a Review of Doxorubicin
Authors: Moghiseh Majid , Banaifar Abdul Ali , Shanjani Sanaz Mirzayan , Mehrabi Masomeh
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Today, cancer is known as one of the biggest public health problems and the second cause of death in the world, and due to its high prevalence, it is considered as one of the main health problems all over the world. There are many treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, to treat cancer in patients. Chemotherapy is actually the use of antineoplastic drugs alone or in combination with other drugs. Of course, these drugs can also damage the function of healthy cells and cause many side effects. Anthracyclines are one of the most widely class of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and epirubicin are among the anthracycline drug group, the most widely used of which is doxorubicin, which causes cardiotoxicity in the patients undergoing chemotherapy, and unfortunately, there is no definite and reliable treatment for it. Various strategies have been used to reduce the toxic effects of doxorubicin on non-target tissues, including the use of medicinal plants, diet and various types of long-term exercises with the aim of increasing tissue antioxidant levels. Therefore, determining the appropriate exercise and nutrition program considering the physical conditions for cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy treatment is so important. Therefore, the current review study aimed to determine the effects of DOX cytotoxicity on heart tissue and the benefits of regular physical activity and curcumin supplementation were investigated and discussed.
Conclusion: The use of curcumin with aerobic exercise is likely to be a potentially useful candidate to protect against the toxicity of blood cells caused by the drug doxorubicin, which is used to prevent the growth and progression of cancer cells in patients
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors PD-1/PDL-1 and CTLA-4 as a Novel Solution in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Review Study
Authors: Dehabadi Mehran Beyki , Akbari Vajihe
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Using the immune system responses opens new horizons for cancer treatment. Immune checkpoints are receptors on the surface of cells that prevent the immune response against self-antigens. Cancer cells overexpress these receptors to avoid the immune system's response against them. CTLA-4 and PDL-1/PD1 are examples of immune checkpoints that are expressed on breast cancer cells. PDL-1 expression on breast cancer cells is associated with larger size, progression, more differentiated tumor, which is inversely related to the patient's survival rate. But by inhibiting this pathway with drugs such as Atezolizumab or Ipilimumab, it is possible to inhibit the escape mechanism of tumor cells from the immune system.
Conclusion: Medicines such as checkpoint inhibitors that activate the immune system to face tumors are a new way to help treat breast cancer. In cases where the usual treatment instructions do not have a suitable response, it is possible to improve the survival of patients by adding this family of drugs in the treatment process and considering the side effects as well as their effectiveness.
Studying the Pathogenic Effect of New Nucleotide Changes in the Promoter Region of the TERT Gene in Patients with Glioblastoma Brain Tumor
Authors: Owlia Farzaneh , Heidari Mohammad Mehdi , Khatami Mehri , Ziaei Ehsan , Broomand Mohammad Ali
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Brain tumors are considered to be one of the most dangerous types of cancer, despite decades of research and treatment efforts. The activation of the telomerase enzyme is a critical factor in the immortality of these cells. Mutations in the promoter region of the TERT gene, particularly in the promoter hot spots, can influence the binding of activating transcription factors and inhibit the binding of negative regulatory factors of the TERT gene, ultimately regulating the gene's expression. This study aimed to identify and investigate the mutations of the TERT gene promoter region in glioblastoma, a malignant brain tumor, using bioinformatics.
Methods: A study was conducted using the case-control method where 35 patients with glioblastoma multiform brain tumor were examined along with 40 people who were examined as control samples. In this research, the Touchdown PCR technique and direct DNA sequencing were used to detect mutations in the promoter region of the TERT gene in patients with glioblastoma. Furthermore, bioinformatic analyses were conducted to investigate the pathogenic effect of nucleotide changes in this gene region.
Results: In the core region of the TERT gene promoter, three-point mutations were identified (c.*146C>T، c.*144C>G and c.*143G>C). Two of these mutations were novel and have been observed for the first time in glioblastoma multiform. The remaining mutation was located in the promoter core's hot spot of the gene. This mutation was known as c.*146C>T.
Conclusion: In this research, the harmful impact of TERT promoter region mutations as a biomarker for glioblastoma was examined. These findings suggest that mutations in regulatory regions, as well as coding sequences, could be significant contributory factors in the process of carcinogenesis.
The Correlation Study Between Seminal Fluid Enzymes and Effects on Men's Fertility
Authors: AL-Mansouri Nibras Abbas , Ali Rzoqy Hussain , Mohammed J. I Al-Shammari , A. Dabbi Mohammed , Hassanin Hashim Noor
Published: May 2024

Objective: By analyzing the relationship between ALP, GOT, and LDH action within the seminal plasma of fruitless men and comparing it with ripe men, this study aimed to investigate the physiological conditions that remain unexplained in most cases.
Methods: This study collected forty-four semen tests from normospermic men and 20 tests from fertile men, after a period of forbearance (3-5 days). The tests were analyzed within the Babylon Maternity and Children research facility and private research facilities, from January 2024 to April 2024.
Results: The results indicated that ALP and AST activity had a negative correlation in both fertile (r = - 0.123) and normospermic men (r = - 0.038). Similarly, ALP and LDH activity had a negative correlation in fertile men (r = -0.334), but a positive correlation that was not significant (P˃0.05) in normospermic men (r= 0.128). Moreover, the results showed that AST and LDH activity positively correlated in both normospermic (r=0.058) and fertile men (r=0.242).
Conclusion:  The study hypothesized that normal semen components and gland secretory ability may be indicated by ALP, AST, and LDH activity. The levels of ALP, AST, and LDH activity in males who were fertile and those who were not showed any discernible differences.
Policy Making in a Research Organization
Authors: Lada Farida , Vad Annedorte
Published: May 2024

What is new?

This paper provides research administrators and others with a guide to the stages of the policy lifecycle, to enable them to effectively participate in policy making at their respective institution.

What was the approach?

The paper emphasizes the common scenario where administrators, irrespective of prior policy-making experience, find themselves engaged in policy development due to their operational roles. It highlights the challenges they face and the need for training in policy development, analysis, and implementation, thus providing research administrators with a comprehensive guide to navigating the stages of the policy lifecycle.

What is the academic impact?

The academic impact lies in filling a knowledge gap for research administrators, offering them insights into the intricacies of policy development within research organizations. By addressing the challenges and providing a structured approach to policy lifecycle stages, the paper contributes to enhancing the professional capabilities of research administrators. The emphasis is on alignment with institutional mission, stakeholder analysis, and best practices, and adds academic value by fostering a broader understanding of policy making in the research administration field.

What is the wider impact?

The wider impact of the paper extends to the improvement of policy-making practices within research organizations globally. By equipping research administrators with the necessary knowledge and tools, the paper aims to enhance the overall effectiveness of policy implementation. This has broader implications for organizational efficiency, stakeholder collaboration, and the successful alignment of policies with institutional goals. The emphasis on ongoing communication and a cultural shift towards best practices contributes to a positive and lasting impact on the broader research administration community.
ABORDAGEM DA LEITURA, NA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA DO PROFESSOR, COMO INSTRUMENTO DE INTERVENÇÃO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AUTONOMIA LEITORA DO DISCENTE
Authors: Peixoto Ana Cristina Santos , Silva Gisele Brandão
Published: May 2024

Este artigo é parte da pesquisa em sala de aula motivada pela observação do problema da dificuldade de compreensão e interpretação de texto, notada em alunos do Ensino Fundamental II. Ler autonomamente é tarefa distante da prática de alguns discentes. Surgiu, então, a pergunta: “Que práticas pedagógicas do docente podem favorecer a formação do leitor autônomo?”, para a qual levantamos a hipótese de que, executando atividades direcionadas para o ensino da leitura, o estudante pode construir e desenvolver sua autonomia leitora. O fundamento teórico para o estudo acerca do abordado envolveu conceitos sobre a educação voltada para o desenvolvimento da autonomia leitora do discente e para a compreensão do papel do docente, como mediador desse processo (Lerner [2002]), leitura – aspectos biológicos e cognitivos – (Dehaene [2012], Kleiman [2011] e Solé [1998]), e letramento (Cagliari [2004], Brasileiro [2014], Freire [2011] e Soares [1998]). A partir desse estudo, consideramos a abordagem da leitura, na prática pedagógica do professor, como possível instrumento de intervenção para desenvolver a autonomia leitora do discente.
LEITURA COMPARTILHADA DE LIVROS COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO BILÍNGUE NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E ANOS INICIAIS
Authors: Townsend Sabrine Amaral Martins , Carvalho Kadine Saraiva de , Pereira Aline
Published: May 2024

É recente o crescimento da oferta de educação bilíngue desde a Educação Infantil. No Brasil, tal fato é evidenciado pela busca pelo ensino de Língua Inglesa (LI) como segunda língua (L2) tanto na Educação Infantil quanto nos anos iniciais. Pesquisas atuais observam que a leitura compartilhada (LC) de livros nessas etapas do desenvolvimento contribui para o desenvolvimento linguístico e cognitivo das crianças, permitindo que se preparem para a aprendizagem da leitura na primeira língua (L1). No presente trabalho, perguntamo-nos se a LC poderia contribuir também para o desenvolvimento linguístico - oral e escrito - em L2, investigando seu uso como estratégia no ensino bilíngue em escolas de Educação Infantil e séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A partir da busca e da análise dos principais achados sobre o tema, é possível afirmar que a LC abre janelas de oportunidades para: ampliar o conhecimento de palavras e de seus contextos de uso; as habilidades de compreensão auditiva; o conhecimento de mundo; a compreensão da estrutura da história; aumentar a consciência linguística e o conhecimento da escrita, familiarizando a criança com as letras e seus respectivos sons (DESHMUKH et al., 2019; GABRIEL; MORAIS, 2017). Diante do cenário apresentado, considerando que o ensino bilíngue requer o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos utilizando a L2, e que a leitura, enquanto experiência, é constituída por processos de significação através de diferentes contextos, podemos afirmar que a combinação da LC com o ensino bilíngue é potencialmente eficiente.
DA ESCRITA À LEITURA:
Authors: Mesquita Cristina Albert , Caiado Roberta Varginha Ramos
Published: May 2024

Os avanços tecnológicos e o surgimento das redes sociais possibilitaram tanto a emergência de novos gêneros discursivos, quanto a reinvenção de gêneros que já existiam. Nesse cenário, identifica-se a poesia visual da escritora Clarice Freire, publicada no Instagram, como um exemplo de gênero que combina múltiplas semioses para a construção de sentidos. Diante disso, o presente artigo se justifica pela necessidade de aprofundar as pesquisas acerca das práticas discursivas digitais e tem como objetivo discutir sobre o discurso multissemiótico da poesia visual de Clarice Freire no Instagram e suas contribuições para o processo de leitura de textos digitais. Para alcançá-lo, a metodologia adotada foi a qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, acerca da poesia visual da autora Clarice Freire no Instagram. A fundamentação teórica se baseia na Análise Dialógica do Discurso de Bakhtin e nas suas concepções de gêneros, bem como no aporte teórico de Santaella para a caracterização da multimodalidade e dos tipos de leitores. Como resultados, houve a seleção de quatro textos, sobre os quais se realizou a discussão acerca dos aspectos multissemióticos do discurso da autora. Por fim, concluiu-se que a articulação de múltiplas semioses aliada à veiculação dos textos nos meios digitais potencializa a multimodalidade desse gênero que tem cada vez mais se reinventado na realidade virtual.
LEITURA DISCURSIVA DE A TRISTE PARTIDA
Authors: Santos Valnecy Oliveira Corrêa , Santos Alexia da Silva dos
Published: May 2024

A literatura de cordel é representante da cultura popular brasileira e, principalmente, da nordestina. Um dos seus maiores e mais reconhecidos representantes é Antônio Gonçalves da Silva, Patativa do Assaré. Sua obra poética apresenta fortes marcas de regionalidade e por meio de uma linguagem simples, narra situações cotidianas e comuns do sertão nordestino. Considerando esses aspectos, este trabalho tem como objeto a escrita poética de A triste partida, cuja temática é a emigração do nordestino para o sudeste do Brasil. Por meio desta análise, aspiramos responder ao questionamento, como é retratado o nordestino retirante no discurso poético da A triste partida de Patativa do Assaré? O objetivo desta leitura é analisar, por meio da constituição discursiva da imagem do retirante nordestino, como o discurso de crítica social se materializa no poema. Como objetivos específicos pretendemos reconstituir a imagem do nordestino retirante no cordel, tendo como referência o conceito de formação imaginária; investigar se outros discursos atravessam o discurso sobre a imigração no cordel A triste Partida; e por fim examinar se discurso de denúncia social mostra-se no cordel. O corpus é constituído pelo poema A triste Partida que foi analisado com base nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso. Assim, fundamentam está pesquisa Pêcheux (2009, 2014, 2015, 2015a, 2016), Orlandi (2012, 2012a) e Brandão (2004). Ao realizarmos a leitura do poema, observamos a presença de diferentes discursos como o religioso, o de classe, o patriarcal e da emigração, em passagens do poema que expressam crenças e experiências vivenciadas pelo sujeito.
Metody ekscerpcji i analizy nazw terenowych występujących w I, II i III katastrze gruntowym Galicji
Authors: Karpecki Łukasz
Published: May 2024

Nazwy terenowe, które mogą służyć badaniom językoznawczym i kulturowym, pozyskuje się często w efekcie rozmów prowadzonych z mieszkańcami danej okolicy. Chcąc przyjrzeć się im w ujęciu diachronicznym, szczególnie w przypadku większego regionu, często nie sposób sięgnąć poza rejestry, spisy, wykazy oraz mapy opracowane w XX bądź pod koniec XIX wieku. W przypadku południowo-wschodniego zakątka Polski sytuacja jest wyjątkowa, ponieważ do dyspozycji mamy kompleksowe źródła, z których najstarsze wytworzono pod koniec XVIII wieku. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono metody pracy ekscerpcyjnej wraz z napotkanymi problemami i ich rozwiązaniami. Zaprezentowano również kryteria, jakie przyjęto przy wyborze nazw własnych spośród materiału najczęściej narracyjnego, oraz wstępne wyniki analizy owych onimów. Za studium przypadku posłużyły Nowosiółki Dydyńskie, wieś położona na terenie Pogórza Przemyskiego.
Sporządzenie I, II i III katastru gruntowego Galicji miało służyć zaborcy do opisu gruntów leżących w granicach zaboru austriackiego w celach podatkowych, źródła zawierają więc opis granic miejscowości ze szczegółowym podziałem na grunty, ich wydajność oraz właścicieli. Są to materiały powstałe kolejno w latach 1785–1789, 1819–1820 oraz 1844–1854. Wnikliwe ich odczytanie pozwala na poznanie nazw własnych części wsi, miast i miasteczek, łanów, pól, łąk, pastwisk, wzgórz, cieków wodnych oraz innego rodzaju miejsc oznaczanych konkretnym onimem.
Cuando la comunidad «dice» el derecho: las asambleas de justicia indígena en Oaxaca
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Irán
Published: May 2024

Las asambleas representan un elemento esencial en la justicia indígena de las comunidades de Oaxaca. En este tipo de reuniones, la colectividad se erige en órgano jurisdiccional colectivo con el fin de resolver una infracción a su sistema normativo. ¿Cuál es su naturaleza? ¿Cómo funcionan? ¿Qué elementos destacables incorporan en su desarrollo? El presente estudio pretende ser una aproximación a estas cuestiones desde las herramientas del análisis del discurso y los estudios sobre la oralidad. Para cumplir con su objetivo, se divide en cuatro secciones: la primera analiza la tipología, naturaleza y estatuto de las asambleas de justicia indígena; mientras que las siguientes secciones se centran en analizar su dinámica procedimental, discursiva y oral.
Litigantes propensos al riesgo: manifestaciones de su participación en el proceso civil
Authors: Carrasco Delgado Nicolás
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo desarrolla un marco teórico sobre la propensión del riesgo aplicada al litigio. De ese marco teórico se desprende que el propenso al riesgo demandará más que el adverso al riesgo; que cuando el propenso al riesgo es demandado, no reduce su propensión frente a alternativas de pérdida de escasa variabilidad en comparación con alternativas previas de pérdida de mayor variabilidad; y que genera mayores gastos procesales que personas con otros perfiles. Lo anterior produce mayores pérdidas sociales al acrecentar las externalidades negativas del litigio por la mayor divergencia entre el beneficio privado y social de litigar. Esto último se examina a propósito de las temáticas de los tribunales permanentes y la posibilidad de alcanzar acuerdos.
SUBALTERN SOCIETY CONFLICT IN THE NOVEL “RIJAAL FII ASY-SYAMS” BY GHASSAN KANAFANI BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF GAYATRI CHAKRAVORTY SPIVAK
Authors: Khafidzoh Heni Subdatul , Anas Khoirul
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article aims to describe forms of subaltern society conflict in the novel, identify factors of subaltern society conflict in the novel, and understand the impacts of subaltern society conflict in the novel. This article used qualitative and descriptive research. In analyzing the data, the researchers read and understand the novel and then record the required data, including the forms, factors, and impacts of subaltern society conflict on individuals, families, and society. This study produced several data, namely: (1) forms of subaltern society conflict in the novel are cornered, to be demeaned, forced to marry, slander, rude treatment, castration, and smuggling; (2) factors of subaltern society conflict in the novel are questioned, a sneer, harassment, and social inequality; (3) impacts of subaltern society conflict in the novel are: a) individual in the form of feeling concerned, feeling humiliated, unable to express desire, angry at himself, not accepting the situation, stranded in the desert, death, deprived, and discarded; b)society in the form of sickness and fear.
Paisaje y patrimonio en Texcoco, México
Authors: Wiener Castillo Gabriela , Fernández Christlieb Federico , Montiel Rogel Alma Patricia
Published: May 2024

La intervención profesional en paisajes de origen indígena tiene una complejidad cultural que comúnmente no es considerada por los diseñadores y planificadores del espacio. En el presente, ante las diversas crisis ambientales, como la del agua, es necesario aprovechar el conocimiento sustentable del paisaje cuando éste forma parte de la cosmovisión de sus pobladores. En este artículo comparamos dos pueblos del actual municipio de Texcoco, México. Si en el siglo XVI ambos tenían comportamientos similares respecto de su medio ambiente, hoy en día se han distanciado tanto, que la comparación puede servirnos de ejemplo para muchos otros casos de países con comunidades originarias. Mientras San Luis Huexotla parece haber perdido su vínculo de sacralidad con el volcán Tlaloc que destaca en el horizonte y con los edificios prehispánicos del pueblo, San Miguel Coatlinchan sigue realizando prácticas rituales en parajes de importancia arqueológica, lo que le mantienen al cuidado de su patrimonio natural y cultural. Siguiendo un modelo histórico-geográfico que explica la relación entre los habitantes y su entorno, este artículo muestra que es posible comprender las diferencias que separan culturalmente a estos dos pueblos y, más aún, diseñar un proyecto de intervención arquitectónica en Huexotla para evidenciar ante la comunidad esta ruptura con su paisaje y tratar de subsanarla.