bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Person of the Month: Erik Erikson (1902-1994)
Authors: Ankit Patel
Published: December 2021

Erik Homburger Erikson was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst who pioneered in the world of child psychology by giving his development theory with his ‘eight psychosocial stages’. He was born in Frankfurt in unusual circumstances in which his mother did not conceive him through her husband but he never got to know who his biological father was. It is said that the history of his birth is something that triggered the need in him to pursue the concept of identity and it is how he gave the world the psychological term ‘identity crisis’, a major contribution to the world of psychology and psychoanalysis. He grew up in Germany and came in contact with the world of psychoanalysis when he met Sigmund Freud’s daughter Anna Freud. He studied psychoanalysis at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute but Nazi invasion of Germany led to his emigration to America. In America, Erikson found a wide scope to practice psychoanalysis on children in Boston and worked at various medical institutes, including the Harvard University and California University. He studied the psychology of children from various social structures, environments, emotional and psychological issues and compiled his observations in the most prominent book of his career, ‘Childhood and Society’. Erikson is also credited with being one of the originators of Ego psychology, which stressed the role of the ego as being more than a servant of the id. According to Erikson, the environment in which a child lived was crucial to providing growth, adjustment, a source of self-awareness and identity. Erikson won a Pulitzer Prize and a U.S. National Book Award in category Philosophy and Religion for Gandhi’s Truth (1969), which focused more on his theory as applied to later phases in the life cycle.
Present Scenario Regarding Vocational Interest between the Genders
Authors: Amita Srivastava
Published: December 2021

This study examines the gender differences in selection of the vocational choices amongst the students aged between 17 to 22 years. A sample of 120 students, 60 boys & 60 girls, was studied for this purpose. Vocational interest record developed was used for determination of the vocational interest with respect to gender. It is discerned that boys have high interest in scientific, constructive and agricultural vocations than the girls.
A Study of Mental Health & Job Satisfactions of Bank Employees in Jalgaon City
Authors: Dr. C. P. Labhane  , Prof. H. R. Nikam  , Dr. Pravin. A. Baviskar
Published: December 2021

The present investigation is to the find out the difference in the Mental Health & Job Satisfaction of bank employees. The sample consisted of 120 employees out of which 60 were male & 60 were female employees. For this purpose of investigation mental health check list by Dr. Mithila & Job Satisfaction test by Dr Ojha was used. The data obtained were analyzed through ‘t’ test to know the mean difference between the two groups then ANOVA.
Hope and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Cancer Patients
Authors: Geeta Sunkarapalli  , Apeksha Agarwal  , Swati Agarwal
Published: December 2021

Hope as conceptualized by Dufault and Martocchio (1985) “is a multidimensional dynamic life force characterized by a confident yet uncertain expectation of achieving a future good.”Quality of Life is defined by Lehto, Ojanen and Kellokumpu-Lehtinen (2005) “as appraisal of and satisfaction with their current level of functioning as compared to what they perceive to be possible or ideal.”The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between Hope, its dimensions and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Cancer Patients. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to draw the sample of 40 Caregivers of patients with Breast and Ovarian Cancer belonging to lower middle class and upper lower class. The Herth Hope Index (HHI) (Herth, 1992) and the Caregiver Quality Of Life Index- Cancer (CQOLC) (Weitzner, Jacobsen, Wagner, Friedland & Cox, 1999) were administered. There was significant difference in the levels of Positive Readiness & Expectancy among caregivers based on their socio-economic status. Positive Readiness & Expectancy and Interconnectedness were found to be negatively correlated with quality of life. Results indicated no significant difference in the levels of Hope and Quality of Life based on age and type of cancer.
Motivational Interviewing Tool for Health Recovery
Authors: Saurav Kumar  , Dr. Mona Srivastava  , Dr. Manushi Srivastava  , Avadhesh Kumar  , Abhimanyu Gupta
Published: December 2021

Motivational interviewing is a directive, client centered counseling style that aims to help client explore and resolve their ambivalence about behavior change. Motivational interviewing plays pivotal role in improvement of health condition although primarily it was developed for fighting with addiction problem but now it shows its contribution in clinical setting to promote weight reduction, dietary modification, exercise thus having a potential profound impact on heart disease, hypertension diabetes mellitus prompting to use safe sex practices and protecting from the risk of HIV and other STD diseases. Motivational interviewing stresses on way of communication from traditional advice giving to reflective listening. Principles of motivational interviewing are Express empathy, Avoid arguments, Develop discrepancies, Roll with resistance and Support Self efficacy. As, it has been seen that motivation plays key role in any person’s  life and many diseases flourishes due to our lack of motivation  to change behavior and our life style that used to exacerbate morbidity. Motivational interviewing technique used to act as a catalyst to accelerate our activities through behavior change and protecting us from health related problems in future.
Perceived Stress and Coping Profile of Undergraduate Medical Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rohan Kalra  , Narayan R Mutalik  , Vinod A  , Shankar Moni  , S B Choudhari  , Govind S Bhogale
Published: December 2021

Background: In the current competitive world, every student’s life is very stressful due to various factors like studies, exams, batch mates, lecturers or pressure by parents. Stress is sometimes called as the wear and tear experienced by everyone’s body because we need to adjust to the ever changing environment. Objective: Aim was to assess the perceived stress and coping profile among undergraduate medical students in Bagalkot. A total of 100 undergraduate students from S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot were included based on systematic random sampling test methods. Each enrolled student was given two self-rating questionnaires-Perceived Stress Scale and Brief Cope Inventory. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact were used for analysis. Result: Majority of study participants had belonged to very high health concern level followed by high health concern level. Most of the participants used self-distraction and active coping strategy. Perceived stress was not associated with sex, religion, place of domicile or type of the family. Conclusion: The effect of stress depends on the way it is perceived. The coping strategies are usually influenced by socioeconomic and cultural characteristics. So they vary from individuals to individuals. Students who are stressed must receive counseling on how to manage and cope up with the stress. We need to enforce early interventions strategies to improve the quality of life of each student by reducing the stress.
Role of Parenting Styles in Determining Self-Esteem and Loneliness among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Garima Nayak  , Arshiya Kochar
Published: December 2021

A child’s personality and behaviour has always been a reflection of his/her upbringing and the values that the parents have given him or her. Each parent has their own way to deal with their children. Parenting style has often seem to affect a child’s personality traits like persistence, trust, forgiveness, or attributes like self-efficacy, identity formation, or behaviour like aggressiveness, etc. To further explore the role of parenting style, this study aims to see its role in determining self-esteem and loneliness. To fulfill this purpose, a sample of 100 undergraduate students was drawn from Delhi University, and parenting style, self-esteem and loneliness were measured. The findings revealed a positive relationship between parenting styles and loneliness and a negative relationship between parenting styles and self-esteem.
Teacher Training Management System: Case Study of DIET Lucknow
Authors: Ms Lalita Pradeep
Published: December 2021

Teachers and teacher educators are the key players in the process of making quality in education a reality. A teacher’s effectiveness and quality learning outcomes are directly linked to each other. It’s urgent to see Teacher Education in overall context of the education system to ensure right process paving way to quality in school education. Whereas professionally qualified teachers are in the system, they need high quality orientation in methodology to transact curriculum n the classroom. This can be most powerfully strengthened thru regular In-Service-Training (INST) programs, focusing on teacher’s existing capacities.  The Education for All Global Monitoring Report (2013/ 2014) states that an education system is only as good as its teachers. Developing teachers’ capacity to enhance the quality of learning remains essential and evidence shows that education quality improves when teachers are supported and deteriorates if they are not (UNESCO, 2014a).
A Comparative Study of Locus of Control in Underachievers and Normal Achievers
Authors: Dr. Tarun Deep Kaur
Published: December 2021

The current study aimed at estimating a percentage of underachievers in the sample of school students across the city of Chandigarh. It also aimed at studying self efficacy in underachievers in comparison to normal achievers. A sample of 105 students of class tenth, hailing from intact middle class families formed the sample. After initial identification of underachievers, both the groups were compared for the extent of externality. t ratio was found to be highly significant depicting that underachievers are high on the construct of externality.
A Case of Childhood Onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Presented as School Refusal for a Year
Authors: Dr. Ankita Patel  , Dr. Kamlesh Patel
Published: December 2021

School refusal is a common problem seen among children as well as adolescents. It is very commonly present with other psychiatric co-morbidities like anxiety disorders, mood disorders, neuro-developmental disorders, child abuse and many more. OCD is also a common psychiatric condition in children and adolescents. Childhood presentation of OCD becomes difficult to diagnose due to its presentation as well as child’s inability to describe symptoms. If untreated, it will significantly hamper child’s academic, social and family functioning.  We present a case of 12 years old boy with one year symptoms of school refusal, sadness and anxiety. He had been evaluated and found to have obsessions and compulsions underlying above mentioned symptoms. He was improved with Fluoxetine, Clomipramine and supportive psychotherapy.
Knowledge of Reproductive Health among School Going Adolescents Girls
Authors: Breme Pavithra  , Dr. M. Senthil
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Issues affecting adolescent reproductive and sexual health are similar to those adults, but may include additional concerns about teenage pregnancy and lack of adequate access to information and health services. Worldwide, around 16 million adolescent girls give birth every year, mostly in low-and middle-income countries. Aim: The objective of this study was to see the knowledge of reproductive health among school going adolescents girls. Materials and Methods: The sample comprising of 50 respondents of school going adolescents girls and used lottery method by adopting simple random sampling technique from the class of  VIII, IX and XI(number 120). A pre structure questionnaire was used to collect the data from the respondents. The pre structured questionnaire was designed especially with the objective of the study. The questionnaire consists of 28 questions and it has consists of the following segments: Part – I: Socio-economic and Demographic variables. Part – II: Awareness level about puberty. Part – III: Awareness level about sexual transmitted diseases. Part – IV: Health problem during puberty. Results: The socio-demographic details revealed that a majority of respondents were in the age group of 16 years (32%), class 11 (40%), Hindu in religion (90%), from urban background (92%), from nuclear family (80%), and majority of the respondents fathers occupation were unskilled labours (80%). Age of the respondents and their knowledge on puberty, constitute 38 respondents said YES and 12 respondents said NO. Respondent’s knowledge on the occurrence of reproduction as per the class in which they are studying constitute 28 respondents said YES and 22 respondents said NO. Respondent’s knowledge about way of HIV spreading as per the place of living, constitute 33 respondents said YES and 17 respondents said NO. Conclusion: Based on the findings it may be concluded that the knowledge among the adolescent girls about reproductive health awareness, it was found that the knowledge of reproductive health awareness was limited among the adolescent girls.
Posttraumatic Growth and Its Correlates in an Indian Setting
Authors: Shweta Tandon  , Seema Mehrotra
Published: December 2021

The present study aimed at exploring the extent and nature of self reported posttraumatic growth (PTG) as well as the association of posttraumatic growth with psychosocial resources, meaning making, coping & psychological outcomes following cancer diagnosis in a heterogeneous sample of thirty Indians undergoing treatment at two points. Results indicated that   post traumatic growth (PTG) was reported by almost all study participants. Patients in the early stage of the disease reported more positive changes in the aftermath of the diagnosis than those with advanced disease .Among the psychosocial resources, self efficacy, social support and emotional processing and adaptive coping strategies namely information seeking and support seeking were positively related with PTG. Patients with positive and fate illness appraisals also reported higher PTG as did those with lower depression and higher quality of life.
Stress and Job Satisfaction level among Government and Private Sector Bank Employees: a Study on Urban Area in Patna India
Authors: Anamika
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship of job satisfaction, job stress on Government sector bank and Non-Government sector bank employees. It was believed that there will have a significant difference between government and non-government bank employees in case of various job related factors. These factors affect job performance of employees. In this context it was important to know how job satisfaction, job stress differ in terms of types of jobs. Subjects in the study were 100 employees, 50 PSU and 50 non-PSU bank employees. Job Satisfaction Scale, Occupational Stress index were used as data collection tools. Data were analyzed by using means, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and ANOVA test. The study found that there is a significant positive correlation between job stress and types of job (r = .282, P < .01). Significant job stress was found in case of non-government bank employees, because, they feel less job security and high work load. Significant negative correlation was found between job satisfaction and sex (r = −.204, P < .05).Female employees were less satisfied than male employees with their lower level jobs having with a lower payment and as well as due to less social security.
A Study on Occupational Stress among BPO Workers
Authors: Dr. Santosh Kumar
Published: December 2021

The current study reveals that occupational stress among BPO Workers the study says that BPO Workers person they have moderate occupational stress, there is no significant difference in occupational stress among male and female BPO Workers.
Sports Competition Anxiety among Netball Players
Authors: Aejaz Hassan  , Javaid Ahmad Bhat  , Dr. P.V. Shelvam
Published: December 2021

The present study was aimed to investigate the sports competition anxiety among netball players for this purpose the investigator collect data from 50 netball players divided in two groups (30 males and 20 females). Further these two groups were divided into two more groups’ senior and junior players. Data was collected through Random sampling method by applying sports competition anxiety test developed by Marten 1977. For data analysis t-test was applied. Results revealed that there is no significant difference found between mean scores of sports competition anxiety among male and female netball players also insignificant difference were found among senior and junior players in respect to sports competition anxiety. Further findings show that male and senior players have high levels of sports competition anxiety than female and junior netball players.
Families Living with Mental Illness
Authors: Aditi Rana
Published: December 2021

Mental illness is a growing reality of our times. Usually in a typical Indian family, the parents act as the primary caregivers for the child suffering from mental disorder. For adult sufferers, it can also be siblings or offspring, and  at times even spouse or partner. Research on the experiences of families of mentally ill people has been minimal in the Indian context. This study aims to shift the focus from the mentally ill patients to the suffering of the caregivers and families of the patient keeping in mind the interconnected well being of the family in a collectivist culture. Following a qualitative approach, narratives have been taken from the family members of mentally ill (narratives of 8 families with mentally ill person) and also the mental health professionals (two) through semi structured interviews. The findings suggest that the family members suffer from a significant amount of stress accompanied by burden. Also, they feel secluded from the society and experience a lack of assistance to deal with the mentally ill member of the family.
An Audit of Mental Health: A Comparative Study of Adolescents
Authors: Riti Das Dhankar  , Dr Asha Hingar
Published: December 2021

Mental health is an integral and essential component of health. The WHO constitution states: “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Today, it is recognized that good mental health is not just the absence of mental illness. Nor is it absolute – some people are more mentally healthy than others, whether you are mentally ill or not. In order to determine the mental health of adolescent school going children, government and private schools from the domain of Jaipur city were taken. A sample of total of 300 adolescents consisting of 150 government school adolescents and 150 private school adolescents were taken. The test used was Mental Health Battery (MHI) (Verma, J. and Srivastava, A.K. 1996). It was found that in all the dimensions of mental health, no significant difference was found for government and private school children. It is a matter of concern for all the parents, teachers and society as a whole that both the groups are poor on a mental health scale.
Probable Association between Personality Patterns and Experiences of Passivity in Schizophrenia
Authors: Namrata Chakraborty
Published: December 2021

It  is  seen  in  different  researches  that  personality  disorders  tend  to  prevail  before  a   full  blown  clinically  significant mental  illness  to  occur. Kurt  Schneider’s  first  rank  symptoms  of  schizophrenia assists  in  making  the  diagnosis  and  he  believed  that  experiences  of  somatic  passivity  were particularly  characteristic  of  schizophrenia   and  included  them  among  his  ‘first rank’  symptoms.  In  this  present  study  it  was  attempted  to  study  patterns  of  personality  that were  predominant  in patients  with  schizophrenia   with  somatic  passivity.  After  thorough  interview  and  test  findings  it  was  found  that  patients  with  somatic  passivity  showed  narcissistic  and  dependent  personality  traits  predominant,  where  as  patients  without  somatic  passivity  showed  schizophrenia  spectrum  cluster  A  personality  disorders  as  predominant.
Domestic Violence among Married Females: Prevalence and Related Factors
Authors: Manpreet Kaur  , Deepika Kapoor  , Jatinder Kaur  , Pallvi Gautam  , Setika Sharma  , Sushma K. Saini  , Suresh K. Bamania
Published: December 2021

Violence against women is present across the world cutting across boundaries of culture, class, education, income, ethnicity and age. It is the most prevalent yet relatively hidden and ignored form of violence. The present descriptive study was conducted to assess the prevalence of domestic violence among married females of Daddu Majra colony, Chandigarh. An Interview schedule was used for data collection validated by ten experts in the field of nursing and sociology. Total 300 females of age group 18-60 are selected by systematic random sampling. House to House survey of every tenth selected house was done and married females were screened for domestic violence through screening Performa, interviewed in their houses as per Interview schedule after taking written consent .Confidentiality of subjects was maintained .Results indicated the overall prevalence of domestic violence was 27.67%. Prevalence of physical violence was 16%, psychological violence was 22.67%, financial violence was 7.67% and sexual violence was 7%.The most common cause found behind domestic violence was alcohol intake by husband. Extramarital affair of husband, not doing household work by women were other common factors. The most common abuser was husband and mother-in-law. Most of the women interviewed were not having any knowledge about women’s right, emergency women helpline number and laws for women. So it is recommended that emphasis should be made on educating the females about their rights, laws for them and helpline during emergency.
Domestic Violence
Authors: Ekta Soni  , Dr Rakesh Kumar Behmani
Published: December 2021

Domestic violence is a major area of concern when it comes to issues of women. Domestic violence is a form of violence by a person to hurt one’s spouse or partner either physically, psychologically or sexually. Though its outcomes are primarily related to physical health, but its causes and secondary outcomes are psychological as well as sociological. This review paper focuses on psychological causes and outcomes of domestic violence underlined in previous studies. Need for power and control, low self esteem, personality traits, gender role stereotypes, patriarchal beliefs, gap in spousal education and employment, marital maladjustment, alcohol consumption by husband, unemployment, attitudes towards women are some of the socio-psychological factors leading to domestic violence. Outcomes of domestic violence are equally harmful for women and their children. It has been noted that women who face domestic violence are at greater risk for mental health disorders. Education and higher socio-economic status of husband and wife are protective factors against domestic violence to some extent. Some recent research has also focused on domestic violence against men and domestic violence in same gender relationships, but there are a very few studies emphasizing on these two issues in India. It can be concluded that domestic violence is leaded by many interlinked psychological and sociological factors and its outcomes are dangerous for the victims.
Role of Homoeopathic Remedies in Treatment of ADHD
Authors: Dr. Nikunj Panchal
Published: December 2021

Homoeopathy is the system of medicine founded by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843) of Germany. It is based on the principle that “like cures like”. In practice, this means that a medicine capable of producing certain effects when taken by a healthy human being is capable of curing any illness that displays similar effects. In pediatric practice; attention deficit disorders (ADHD/ADD) are the most common serious psychosocial problems prompting parents to seek help for their children. Since the ability to pay attention and concentrate is a basis prerequisite of child development, forming the foundation of all learning and thinking as well as of emotional and social interaction, the suffering of these children as well as their siblings, parents, teachers, and fellow pupils is often considerable.
A Review on Intergroup Relationship between Hindu and Muslims in Jammu and Kashmir (India)
Authors: Showket Ahmad Wani  , Aijaz Ahmad Buhroo
Published: December 2021

Intergroup emotions theory seeks to understand and improve intergroup relations by focusing on the emotions engendered by belonging to, and by deriving identity from, a social group (processes called self-categorization and identification). Intergroup emotions are shaped by the very different ways in which members of different groups see group-relevant objects and events. These emotions come, with time and repetition, to be part and parcel of group membership itself. Once evoked, specific intergroup emotions direct and regulate specific intergroup behaviors. This approach has implications for theories of emotion as well as of intergroup relations. Because intergroup emotions derive from self-categorization and identification and because they strongly influence intergroup behavior, intergroup emotions theory provides an innovative framework for attempts to reduce prejudice and improve intergroup relations. There is a great difference between the Hindus and Muslims in tradition, in history and in their attitude towards life political, social and economic.
A Study of Machiavellianism and Emotional Intelligence in Adolescents
Authors: Dr Nalini Malhotra
Published: December 2021

The present paper seeks to investigate the Machiavellianism in relation with Emotional Intelligence among Adolescents. It was hypothesized that Machiavellianism and Emotional Intelligence would be negatively correlated and Emotional Intelligence would be a significant contributor in predicting variance in Machiavellianism. In order to test the hypothesis 240 adolescents (120 females and 120 males) in the age range of 13 to 18 years were selected through random sampling. The measures used were Machiavellianism Scale (Mach IV Scale) and Modified Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte 1998). The correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to assess the data. The results revealed significant and negative relationship between Machiavellianism and Emotional Intelligence .Emotional Intelligence emerged as a significant predictor of Machiavellianism. Thus, considering the possibility that individuals might have a dispositional tendency to emotionally manipulative behaviour immediately brings to mind the trait of Machiavellianism.
Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence in Academic Achievement of the Graduate Students
Authors: Gyanesh Kumar Tiwari
Published: December 2021

The present research endeavored to explicate the impact of emotional intelligence on the academic achievement of the graduate students. The graduate students age ranging from 18 to 25 years with equal number of males (M = 20.12, SD = 1.92) and females (M = 20.38, SD = 1.34) served as the participants in the study whose emotional intelligence was assessed with the help of Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Mangal & Mangal, 2006). The scores of the annual examination were taken as the indicator of their academic achievement. The results of the study demonstrated that the academic achievement of the participants was shaped by their levels of emotional intelligence and gender. The results of the study have discussed in the light of current theories of emotional intelligence and academic achievement. The results of the study have implications for policy makers, educationalists, educational planners, administrators, researchers and parents.
Effectiveness of Psycho-Spiritual Interventions on Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Resilience of Juvenile Delinquents
Authors: Seena. N. S  , Dr. Vidhya Ravindranadan
Published: December 2021

The present study attempts to find out the efficacy of Psycho-spiritual interventions on emotional intelligence and psychological resilience among juvenile delinquents. Samples comprised of 5 delinquent boys who are remanded for commission of offenses of age 16-18 years, drawn through purposive sampling. Pre-test post-test experimental design is adopted. Psychological assessments are done using appropriate inventories for each variable. Interventions include Yoga, Super brain yoga, Meditations, CBT, cognitive re-structuring with mindfulness as the highlight and group counseling for 21 days over a period of 1 month. Paired sample t test was used to compare the pre test and post test scores.  The outcome of the study substantiates the efficacy of the interventions for the enhancement of study variables among Juvenile delinquents.
Impact of Psycho-Spiritual Intervention on Psychological Well-Being of Congenital and Acquired Visually Impaired Adolescents
Authors: Anamika Mishra  , Dr. Anuradha Kotnala
Published: December 2021

The present study was designed to study the impact of psycho-spiritual package on psychological well-being of acquired and congenital visually impaired adolescents in the age group of 12 to 18. The sample consisted of 100 visually impaired adolescents (50 congenital and 50 acquired visually impaired adolescents) divided into experimental and control group of 50 each. Hindi adaptation of Ryff’s psychological well being scale was used in the study. The results show that psycho-spiritual package increases the psychological well being of both the congenital and acquired visually impaired adolescents.
Transforming Learning–Empowering Children through Multiple Intelligences
Authors: Venkateshwar Rao D
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to evolve a cooperative learning strategy using teaching-learning activities prepared according to Multiple Intelligences Theory and study the impact on scholastic achievement of students. The study has been carried out on 6th grade students who did not show any improvement in an intervention programme especially with respect to scholastic achievement. Data was collected from 16 students of 6th grade by following purposive sampling technique. Data was subjected to statistical analysis by using mean and t- test. The findings indicate that when cooperative learning opportunities are combined in the curriculum by using Multiple Intelligences theory, students’ scholastic achievement in various subjects will be improved. It has been recommended to follow the same teaching-learning approach to improve the scholastic achievement of students at school level.
Women’s Education and Mother Child Relationship
Authors: Dr. Manju Pandey
Published: December 2021

Girl education is emerging as one of the top priorities of Indian society “educating girls is not an option it is necessity”, we all want to eliminate gender disparities in education. As woman is the central figure of family and she is the first and ideal teacher of children.  All personality theorists point out the significant role of mother in child development. As child is the future of nation. The hope of all around development, peace and prosperity of the society, nation and even world was rest upon the tender shoulders of the child. But how far it is possible if mother is not educated? Numerous studies have highlighted the strong correlation between mother’s education and child health or survival probability. Good parent-child relationship is essential for all around (physical, mental, social, emotional, psychological, educational or even spiritual) development of child, the future of nation. Educating girls brings many benefits to society. As educated mother gives importance to education and they invest more in their children’s schooling and this improves society’s development prospect. They give equal importance to education, health and increase the productivity of future generation. And if they are not educated then the productivity and capacity of future generation will be low. Keeping this fact in mind the researcher makes an effort to investigate the effect of mothers education on mother child relationship or significance of mother’s education on development and up bring of their children. For the present study 40 educated mothers (EM) and 40 uneducated mothers (UM) aged 25 to 40 were taken from Srinagar Garhwal, Uttrakhand. The Parent Child Relationship Scale was developed by Dr H.C. Sharma & Dr N.S. Chauhan and Personal Data sheet were used for collecting data. The X2 was used for the statistical analysis of data. The above results manifests that educated mothers are significantly differ on six dimensions out of eight dimension of Parent Child Relationship Scale, from uneducated mothers. It projects that mother’s education play very crucial role in proper all around development of children and healthy parent children relationship.
A Comparative Study of Multiple Intelligences of Students with Respect to Grades
Authors: Shaikh, N  , Khan, Shah Mohd  , Wakpainjan, P
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the paper is to study and compare the Multiple Intelligences of girls and boys studying in VII and IX grades. The nature of study was descriptive. Two stage sampling was used to select sample. The sample of the study constitutes 4577 students in which 2010 were from grade VII and 2567 students from grade IX. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to find the significant difference in the multiple Intelligences of students with respect to grades. The findings shows that there is a significant difference in the multiple Intelligences of grade VII and IX students. The mean scores indicate that IX grade students were found to be high on Bodily Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Musical, Naturalistic and Existential Intelligence than VII grade students. The inter-correlation between different types of Intelligence was calculated with respect to grades. It was found that the coefficient of correlation between different types of Multiple Intelligences were high in case of grade VII students in comparison to grade IX students. Profile Analysis was used to derive an inference about the level of multiple intelligences of students with respect to grades. The findings showed that IX grade students i.e. girls and boys were found to be high on all types of Intelligences than VII grade students i.e. girls and boys. Suggestions and implication of the study were discussed.
Orienting Task Performance between Young and Older Adults
Authors: Pooja Rai  , Tara Singh  , Indramani L. Singh  , Trayambak Tiwari
Published: December 2021

Ageing causes deterioration in wide spectrum of visual, cognitive, and attentional functions. The attentional functions comprise of selection of an object and orientation toward its location. The visuospatial orientation toward a target is driven by cues which can be informative or uninformative. Studies showed that older adults were more sensitive to cue information than young adults (Bryan & Luszcz, 2000; Langley, Friesen, Saville & Ciernia, 2011) however; few studies reported that orienting of attention remains intact with ageing (Hartley, 1993). Present study examined the differences in the orienting task performance of 10 young (Age 18-35 years) and 10 older adults (Age 55-65 years), using Posner’s cuing paradigm. Reaction time and accuracy performance of the participants were recorded. Results revealed significant main effect of age for the reaction time measures and response accuracy where more orienting effect was observed among young adults in comparison to older adults.
Behavior Modification to Improve Self Confidence of Disabled Student’s
Authors: Dr. Ravindra M. Ghoti
Published: December 2021

The present study has been conducted to investigate the Behavior Modification to improve Self confidence of Disabled Student’s in Indian context. Study includes the Disabled School Student’s in Aurangabad respectively whom were in the age of 15 to 20 years. To assess the Confidence of the subject the Self Confidence Inventory.  Proposed Statistical Procedure is Descriptive statistics i.e. Mean, S.D, will be computed and ‘t’ test. Conclusion in this study On the basis of data and discussion of results, the hypotheses were tested and verified. Self confidence of Disabled Student’s can be improved by Behavior Modification.
Psychological Morbidity among Residential College Students
Authors: Ann, J. J  , Sherin, P. A
Published: December 2021

Aim: The aim of the study was to understand the health risks among residential college students as a result of the various developmental and environmental changes. Methods: In this study 183 residential college students between the age group 16-17 years were selected using purposive sampling from different colleges in Bangalore. After this General health Questionnaire (GHQ) was administered on these students and it measured the following factors: somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction and severe depression. Content analysis was done to analyze the open ended questions. Results: The scoring and interpretation was done according to the manual. The results showed that out of 183 college students, 61 (33%) of them were above the threshold of distress. It was further noticed that due to academic pressure, irregular sleep patterns and drug addiction 31.1% of the students had positive scores on the anxiety category. 16.4% showed symptoms of depression as they had relationship problems, experienced some trauma, were away from family and close friend. A 26.2% portrayed social dysfunction due to dysfunctional thinking patterns, family issues, depression and language barrier. Another 26.2% exhibiting somatic symptoms was a result of ill-health, unhealthy food habits and environmental factors like climate, temperature and water. Conclusion: The study implies on sensitizing teachers about these challenges and its negative influence on growing individuals. It also highlights the ways to equip adolescents with ways to overcome these challenges through induction programs and activities that would enhance cohesion among peers.
Need Pattern, Job Satisfaction and Mental Health among IT Professionals
Authors: Sushma Suri  , Swati Sharma  , Tahir Abbas
Published: December 2021

The present study designed to assess the need pattern, mental health and job satisfaction among male and female IT professionals. It also aimed to find out the relationship between need pattern, job satisfaction and mental health. The sample includes 60 subjects working in different IT companies like WIPRO, HCL, IBM, etc. and were divided equally on the basis of their genders i.e. male (N=30) and female (N=30). Need Pattern Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale and Mental Health Inventory were used to collect data. Obtained scores were analysed with the help of t-test and correlation coefficient. Findings of the study demonstrated a significant difference between male and female IT professionals only on the aggression and power dimensions of need patterns and total scores. Regarding job satisfaction both the group differed only on economy statement dimension. As far as mental health is concerned they showed significant difference on all dimension except perception of reality and integrating personality. No significant relationship observed between mental health and job satisfaction and need pattern irrespective of their gender.
Healthcare Support among Elderly Population
Authors: Kiran Yadav  , Prof Sunita Mishra
Published: December 2021

The elderly population is large in general and growing due to advancement of health care education. These people are faced with numerous physical, psychological and social role changes that challenge their sense of self and capacity to live happily. The present study was conducted to assess the relationship of specific satisfaction in biogerontology and social gerontological and medical gerontology. The present study reveals that health supports is positively and highly significantly related to using care services and suffer from disease of aged persons. The main purpose of this research was to find out the mean difference between old age home and residing in their home in suffer from disease and using care services .The total 120 elderly (60 elderly in old age home and 60 residing in their home) of age range 60-80 year.  The study was carried out in Lucknow. Multistage sampling technique was fallowed in the present study. The samples of this study were personally and individually contacted and data was obtained through face to face interview. The research tool for hospital anxiety and used the care services and health care scale was used .and the test was applied to check the difference of suffer from disease Asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stomach /bowel disease and using care services the ANOVA method used to check the difference .Result reveals that significant difference in suffer from  disease and using care services–old age with respect to both old age with respect to both old age home and residing in their home .While the difference between suffer from  disease and using care services reveals and the elderly people who live in old age home suffer from disease and using care services and residing in their home elderly people live with family and happy and significant difference were found in disease and using care services  in old age.
Gender and Age Related Difference in Attitude toward Caring For Elderly
Authors: Dr. Rashmi Saxena
Published: December 2021

Developing nations in Asia are posed to experience a significant increase in the population of older adults living in their respective societies. Over the coming decades, India, the second most populous country in the entire world, is poised to experience a significant increase in its elder population. As a result there has been increased research on attitudes toward older adults. When one thinks of elder care, one typically thinks of it in terms of one’s own family and country, older adults need family support and family care as well as support from the community. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of gender and age on attitude toward caring for elderly in a culturally diverse country like India. There were 300 participants ranging in age from 25-35, 45-65 and 65+ who took part in the study. It was hypothesized that a) females as compared to males exhibit more favorable attitude toward caring for elderly greater anxiety, b) older respondents in comparison to younger respondents chow more favorable attitude toward caring for elderly. A survey method was used in this study and participants were required to complete the attitude toward caring for elderly scale and also give responses to some single measures items to show attitude toward caring for elderly.
Prevalence of Social Phobia among School Going Adolescents
Authors: Harikrishnan U  , Ali Arif  , Sobhana H
Published: December 2021

Context: Little is known about the prevalence of social phobia among school going adolescents in North East states of India.  Despite the wide prevalence of social phobia, individuals with social phobia often do not seek treatment and this lead to impairment on daily activities. Aim: To assess prevalence of social phobia among school going adolescents. Methods and Material: The present study was a cross sectional descriptive study design. Schools were selected from urban areas of Sonitpur district, Assam. Socio demographic data sheet; The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) were administered to the participants. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS-16 statistical software using appropriate statistical test. Percentage, chi-square test and person correlation test was done. Results:  A total of 561 students participated in the study. In the study 14.6% of the participants had moderate level of social anxiety, 12.8% of the participants had marked social anxiety and 2.5% of the participants had severe social anxiety. Results from the present study showed that 38.3 % of the participants reported to have social phobia and 61.7 % of the participants were found to be below cut off score (normal).Further in the study no gender difference was found in social phobia. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a prevalence of social phobias among school adolescents in Tezpur, Assam. Therefore, early detection and adequate intervention is crucial to reduce overall burden and disability associated with psychiatric disorder in adolescent population.
Religious Identity and Identity Diffusion in Romantic Relationships: Exploring Married Women in Inter-Religious Context of India
Authors: Damini Vyas
Published: December 2021

Identity is the most widely studied concept in the field of psychology and sociology. The concept of identity has many variables contributing to its formation such as social, culture, religion etc.  Religion plays important roles when it comes to determining the identity of the individual holistically. Since childhood an exposure to a particular religion helps the individual form their religious identity thus when the individual is introduced to a culture and practices of another religion they can experience confusion or diffusion. When women are married into another religion they are more likely to be exposed to the cultural and religious practices of their spousal family’s religion thus they can experience identity diffusion. James Marcia explained the concept of identity diffusion as a hallmark of lack of commitment, basically it is the confusion experienced by the individual within their religious identity when exposed to another religion.  This study aims to understand the religious identity of women of inter-religious marriages in India.  The study also aims at understanding whether the exposure of a new religious culture and practices has caused diffusion in their identity. It is an explorative qualitative research design which uses thematic analysis to study the responses of 6 females who have engaged into inter-religious marriage.
The Attitudes of Basic Schools Teachers towards Counseling Services at Khartoum Locality –Sudan
Authors: Ayman Mohamed Taha Abdel Aziz
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of teachers towards counseling services at Khartoum locality, and to determine the differences in these attitudes according to teacher’s gender, qualification and experience. The sample of the study consisted of 82 male teachers and 165 female teachers, who have been chosen randomly from Khartoum locality basic schools. A questionnaire was prepared by the researcher as a instrument of the study to collect the data. The study findings showed that the attitudes of teachers towards counseling service are positive. There are no statistically significant differences among teacher’s attitudes towards counseling services due to their gender, qualification and experience.