bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BİR MÜZE ROMAN OLARAK MÜCELLÂ
Authors: Topçu Ümmühan
Published: June 2021

İlk anlatılardan bugüne eserlerde gerçeklik izlenimini desteklediği düşünülen teferruat artmaya devam eder. Nazan Bekiroğlu Mücella’da Trabzon’u bir şehir, kendine has kültürel malzemeyi nesilden nesle yaşatan bir muhit olarak tescil etme gibi bir misyonu üstlenir. Eserde kadın penceresinden eşya ve hayata dair ayrıntılar, romana bir tür “müze roman” havası verir.
Nitel araştırma kapsamında, betimsel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılan bu çalışmada; Trabzon’da kadın kültürüne yansıyan gündelik pratikler ve somut olmayan kültürel mirasa dair ayrıntıların Mücella romanına nasıl yansıtıldığı tespit edilecek ve bu ayrıntıların tercih sebeplerine kafa yorulmaktadır.
Eserde eşyaya kullanım değeri dışında anlam atfedilir. Mücella’da dikkat edilmesi gereken ayrıntı, eşya ile birlikte ritüellerin de öncelenmesidir. Fetişizm bireysel bir tercihken Mücella’da bu kültürel bir pratik, alışkanlık, geçmişten geleni yaşatma arzusu olarak yansıtılır. Müze işlevi burada düşünülmesi gerekir. Ritüellerin bir hayat pratiği içerisinde anlatımı, ritüel eşya ilişkisinin karakter etrafında anlamlandırılması; eşyaların değişim sürecine hayattın ritmi içerisinde anlam verme, kullanım ve değişimlerini anlatma müzenin derleme, biriktirme, anlamlandırma sergileme işlevleriyle örtüşür.
Romanın ironisini Mücella’nın özene bezene hazırladığı görkemli çeyizini hiç böyle bir dikkati/hassasiyeti olmayanların kullanması; ne kullandığını bilmeden heba etmesidir. Bu şehir kültürü adına metaforik bir temsil olarak da kabul edilebilir; heba edilen çeyiz, Trabzon kadın kültürüdür.
ECE AYHAN’IN “ÜÇ GENCİN KALBİ” ADLI ŞİİRİNDE GÖSTERGEBİLİM VE DEYİŞBİLİM İLİŞKİLERİ
Authors: Doğan Mine Nihan
Published: June 2021

Ses ve söylem arasındaki dizimsel ilişkinin incelendiği “Üç Gencin Kalbi”; kesitlere ayrıldığında söylemsel ve anlatısal düzeyler üzerinden göstergebilimin yanı sıra ona karşıt olan deyişbilimin yineleme, önceleme, karşıtlık ilkelerinin verileriyle bir arada okunmaya uygun bulunan, üç bölükten oluşan, dış öyküsel anlatıcıyla kurgulanan bir şiirdir. İkinci Yeni içinde Ece Ayhan’ın şiir anlayışını yansıtır. Dilbilimsel göstergeler ve işaretleyicilerin şiirde; sentagmatik düzeyde anlamı sabitlediği, paradigmatik olarak ise anlamı kapattığı görülür. Şiirdeki göstergelerin yüzeysel ve derin okumaları yapılır. İkisi de dilbilim kökenli olan ve birbirine karşıt olarak ortaya çıkan bu kuramlarla çözümlemeye uygun bulunan bu şiir çözümlemesi alışılmış kalıpları yıkar. Karşıtlık ve koşutluk ilişkilerine dayandırılan zıt iki kuramla yaklaşılan bu şiirde; biçim-içerik ve yapı-tema arasında alışılmamış ilişkiler kurulması, gemici (Ö1), oğlan (Ö2) ve şair (Ö3) özneleriyle anlatılır. Bu çalışmada Roland Barthes’ın yaklaşımından hareketle göstergebilimsel, Geoffrey Leech’in teorisinden yola çıkılarak deyişbilimsel şiir çözümlemesi yapılacaktır.
Learning To Facilitate Community-Based Research: Guidelines From a Novice Researcher
Authors: Schoonen Andri , Wood Lesley , Kruger Come
Published: June 2021

The diversity of South Africa's population calls for authentic and contextually relevant participation in research that is community based. For novice researchers and researchers transitioning to participative methods, it can be challenging to facilitate a community-based research (CBR) project if they lack the necessary facilitation skills or experience. These skills are crucial to enable collaborative and participative learning. In this paper, I explain how I learnt to facilitate a participatory action learning and action research (PALAR) project through critical reflection on self and process. I generated data from my personal reflective journal entries and transcripts of our action learning group sessions, and I validated my claims to knowledge by recoding the data with two critical friends, my coauthors of this paper. The claims to knowledge I share in this paper are twofold. Firstly, I have come to know how to improve my facilitation skills and, secondly, I have learnt to use continuous critical self-reflection to guide my actions in conducting more ethical CBR, underpinned by the principles of PALAR. I believe that my account of learning may help other researchers improve their facilitation of community-based participatory research groups to become more confident, critically reflective, and ethical researchers.
Teachers’ mental health during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. v1
Authors: Jakubowski Tomasz , Sitko-Dominik Magdalena
Published: June 2021

The aim of the research is to investigate the relation between distance education and teachers’ well-being, and their close relations and other social relations during the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Secured Novel Lightweight IoT End Device Architecture using Confidentiality, Integrity, Authenticity & Availability based tight security approach
Authors: Et. al. Prateek Mishra,
Published: June 2021

IoT end devices essential security parameters are Confidentiality, Integrity, Authenticity and Availability(CIAA).              Breach of any of these security parameters means compromise with security thus collapsing the device. Even      partial breach in      security refers to loop holes in security hence unsecure IoT end device. Due to wearable nature of IoT end devices implementing security and maintaining lightweight is a challenge. Conventional security algorithms incur memory and               processing overheads in wearable IoT end devices therefore lightweight security algorithms is compulsory. The existing architectures merely consider security enhancement using conventional  security algorithm without  focusing on lightweight            therefore this paper analyzes existing IoT end device architectures and concludes that all are overarchitectured. Due to over-          architecture the components of existing architectures are more visible to the external world and invites more attacks hence unsecured. On the   other hand lightweight IoT end device resources ensure less complexity hence      less internal bugs, less attack surface area, less visibility to external world thus more secure.

Mandatory security requirements in wearable IoT end devices are still an extensive research issue. Therefore this paper     focuses on mandatory boot process security requirements, software security requirements and security requirements during        communication. Our proposed architecture is implemented over ESP32 microcontroller with the application of Arduino IDE.         Lightweight secured internet of things (SIT) algorithm was implemented for lightweight CIAA due to light security requirements      in wearable devices. Finally this paper compares the latest lightweight and secure architecture with the proposed lightweight and secure architecture and concludes that proposed architecture is robust in terms of lightweight and security.
Transnationalism and Testimonio in Contemporary Central American Migrant Literature
Authors: Thakkar Upasana
Published: June 2021

This article explores contemporary Central American literature dealing with transnationalism in migrant narratives from the region within the framework of testimonio. The transnational elements in literary texts read as testimonio were also present in previous Latin American narratives but were ignored in critical writing about this genre. These elements often included two countries, and involved transmission of, as well as continuous negotiation between, different languages. Moreover, the immediate translation of these texts into English made them available more to an international audience than to the citizens of the countries in which they were mostly set. Taking Odyssey to the North by Mario Bencastro, and The Tattooed Soldier by Hector Tobar as my point of reference, I will argue that these and several other contemporary Central American works of fiction can be read as testimonio. These works, by focusing attention on the repercussions of the civil war in a new context, depict migration to the United States
Los archivos del malestar: estética y política de la infelicidad en la ficción centroamericana contemporánea (Ramiro Lacayo Deshón, Jacinta Escudos y Claudia Hernández)
Authors: Perkowska Magdalena
Published: June 2021

Tomando como prisma teórico los planteamientos de Sianne Ngai en Ugly Feelings (2005) y de Sara Ahmed en The Promise of Happiness (2010), el presente trabajo explora las novelas Así en la tierra de Ramiro Lacayo Deshón (Nicaragua, 2009) y El asesino melancólico de Jacinta Escudos (El Salvador, 2015), así como una selección de cuentos de Claudia Hernández (Mediodía de frontera, El Salvador, 2007), para interpretar el significado crítico de la negatividad e infelicidad. Arguyo que en los textos de estos autores la frustración, la apatía, la inseguridad y la vergüenza, así como los efectos que estas emociones disfóricas producen en el lector, articulan una crítica de la lógica neoliberal que gobierna las sociedades contemporáneas, desvalorando las vidas y experiencias que no (cor)responden a la promesa de la felicidad.
El largometraje de ficción en Costa Rica: análisis estético de Presos (2014) de Esteban Ramírez, Violeta al fin (2017) de Hilda Hidalgo y Medea (2017) de Alexandra Latishev
Authors: Ramírez Castellanos Ronald Antonio
Published: June 2021

La producción cinematográfica de Costa Rica experimenta un discreto despertar que se refleja, paulatinamente, en las ediciones del Festival Internacional del Nuevo Cine Latinoamericano de La Habana en el período 2010-2018. El presente artículo examina los filmes Presos (2015) de Esteban Ramírez, Violeta al fin (2017) de Hilda Hidalgo y Medea (2017) de Alexandra Latishev, en tanto muestra significativa de la producción tica. Mediante el análisis de contenido, la hermenéutica textual simbólica y la observación documental, se determinan los aportes estéticos de estos largometrajes al arte cinematográfico de ese país y su contribución a la producción fílmica centroamericana del período.
Maxillectomy-surgical resection and prosthodontic rehabilitation
Authors: Prakash Poonam , Bhandari S K
Published: June 2021

Oral cancer ranks among the top three in the country and is major health problem. In India, people affected generally belong to the low-income groups due to a prevalence of habits such as tobacco chewing and lack of awareness and capability to afford the diagnostic and treatment modalities Oral cancer is defined as the cancer of lips, mouth and tongue.

The management of cancerous lesions in maxilla and mandible is difficult due to their proximity to vital structures, especially in cases of maxilla wherein due to its strategic anatomic location, comprising of the skull base and its related structures, any radical treatment is deferred. Moreover, the anatomic complexities and the cancellous nature of the bone make it very difficult to achieve wide and clear surgical margins resulting in poor prognosis.

The comprehensive management comprises of multidisciplinary team effort comprising of surgical resection of the tumour along with the prosthetic rehabilitation to restore the lost form and function. It may also include chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Argentina vs. Brasil: La travesía por la digitalización
Authors: Ferraz João Carlos , Torracca Julia , Urraca Ruiz Ana , Britto Jorge , Schmidt Henrique
Published: June 2021

El presente estudio determina las etapas de evolución y el proceso de transformación productiva en términos de adopción de tecnologías digitales de las firmas en Argentina y en Brasil. Además destaca los esfuerzos en marcha en la actualidad, para prepararse de cara al futuro. La heterogeneidad digital es una marca en las industrias de los dos países y puede acentuarse en el futuro. La tendencia se vincula a los procesos de transformación de modelos de negocios, factores de éxito competitivo e, incluso, estructuras de mercado. La digitalización facilita un escenario con empresas más integradas, interconectadas e inteligentes. Con referencia a las habilidades, las empresas líderes en el proceso de digitalización proyectan que las nuevas tecnologías están asociadas con la necesidad de trabajadores con habilidades blandas y habilidades de interacción persona-máquina.
Experimental Evidence on the Use of Biomethane from Rum Distillery Waste and Sargassum Seaweed as an Alternative Fuel for Transportation in Barbados
Authors: Legena Henry , McKenzie Brittney , Goodridge Aria , Pivott Karyl , Austin Joshua , Lynch Kristen , Spencer Shamika , Cox Felicia , Holder Nikolai , Murray Renique , Prado Veronica R.; , Ravillard Pauline
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an alternative to the current use of gasoline and diesel for transportation in Barbados. By relying on experimental evidence, it shows that biomethane emanating from the combination of Sargassum seaweed that is found on the seashores of the country with wastewater from rum distillery production can be used to produce an alternative transportation fuel. If implemented successfully, this alternative combustion method can avoid as much as 1 million metric tons of CO2 emissions every year in the country. These findings have important implications for policymakers. First, they can contribute to the national objective of becoming fossil fuel free by 2030 and diversifying the energy matrix. Second, this alternative fuel can improve resilience to natural catastrophes, complementing the transition to renewables and diversification of the sector. Third, the impact on the tourism industry is expected to be high and positive, as the Sargassum seaweed has been declared a national emergency due to its prevalence on beach tourism spots.
El potencial del remote sensing y las políticas de reducción de emisiones como catalizadores de la renovación de la flota de transporte en Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Sosa Martín , Scholl Lynn , Leaño Juan Manuel , Fleischmann Michael , Navas Cristian , Benitez Juan Pablo
Published: June 2021

El sector de transporte genera contribuciones significativas de emisiones locales y globales de gases de efecto invernadero y también de material particulado. Los servicios de transporte masivo en buses presentan altas tasas de emisiones dado el tipo de combustible del cual dependen y, en el caso de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) estas externalidades son aún más severas dados los rezagos de regulación del sector, la informalidad y la edad promedio muy alta de la flota vehicular. Este documento presenta a la utilización de la tecnología remote sensing como una herramienta para reducción de las emisiones contaminantes locales de vehículos de transporte de pasajeros del rea Metropolitana de Asunción, Paraguay. El documento parte de una presentación de casos de aplicación de remote sensing en varias ciudades del mundo y de la región de ALC y luego delinea los beneficios, consideraciones y recomendaciones de replicar la implementación del remote sensing en Paraguay. Se analiza el potencial de esta tecnología para identificar vehículos con tasas más altas de emisiones locales, y a partir de esta herramienta, conceptualizar y desarrollar un mecanismo de aplicación de normas de emisiones contaminantes en Paraguay, que por medio de un sistema de multas sustente un fondo para la renovación de flota del transporte.
INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY-LEVEL ASSOCIATES OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN PAKISTAN: A MULTI-LEVEL MIXED EFFECT ANALYSIS (PDHS 2017-18)
Authors: Kamal Asifa , Malik Sadaf , Batool Hafsa , Rasul Afza
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: This research aims to investigate the impact of mass media exposure and women's autonomy on the use of contraceptives, along with other potential determinants at the individual level and community level among women in Pakistan.

Methodology: Data was extracted from Pakistan Demographic & Health Surveys 2017-18. The sample size included 10,461 non-pregnant and married women from a total of 15,068 ever-married women. The analysis was done using two-level mixed-effects logistic regression for the binary outcome variable, i.e., current contraceptive use (yes/no).

Main Findings: Significant factors positively associated with contraceptive use at the individual level were women's education, wealth index, parity, age at first cohabitation, child mortality experience, and mass media exposure. Community attributes like region (Sindh, KPK, Balochistan as compared to Punjab), residence (rural as compared to urban) had an inverse relationship with contraceptive use. At the same time, women's education and an ideal number of children were the significant positive associates. Women's empowerment has though insignificant, but it has a positive impact on the use of contraceptives at both individual and community levels.

Applications of this study: Family planning programs can be extended by focusing on women residing in rural settings or in high fertility intentions communities, less educated and unprivileged younger women who had reduced the uptake of contraceptives. An increase in women's access to education, media exposure, employment, and women's empowerment can help attain Pakistan's contraceptive prevalence targets.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The current study's effect of individual and community-level factors was investigated using National-level data, mainly focusing on the role of mass media and women's autonomy.
Water-Yield Relations of Drip Irrigated Maize in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: KARA Süheyla , SAHİN Mehmet
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to determine water-yield relations of drip-irrigated maize that was grown in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey with a dominant arid and semi-arid climate. Four different irrigation treatments were applied to experimental plots in 7-day intervals. Irrigation treatments were laid out based on 7-day cumulative evaporation from class-A pan (I120 – 120%, I100 – 100%, I80 – 80% and I60 – 60% of pan evaporation). Applied irrigation water quantities varied between 431-676 mm in 2009 and between 453-726 mm in 2010. The greatest seasonal water consumption (821 mm) was observed in I120 treatment of 2010 and the lowest (590.1 mm) in I60 treatment of 2009. The greatest kernel yield per hectare (15773 kg ha-1) was obtained from I120 treatment of 2010 and the lowest (8986 kg ha-1) from I60 treatment of 2009. Water use efficiency (WUE) values varied between 1.45-1.99 kg m-3 and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) values varied between 1.84-2.39 kg m-3. Yield-response factor (ky) of maize was calculated as 1.47 in 2009 and 1.36, in 2010. While I100 was recommended as the ideal irrigation program, I80 treatments could also be used to improve water use efficiencies in places where full irrigation is not possible.
Temporo-Spatial Sero-epidemiology of Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) Infection Causing Inclusion Body Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome (IBH-HPS) in Broiler Population of Assam
Authors: Dutta Biswajit , Pathak D.C. , Barman N.N. , Hazarika Navalakhi , Goswami S.
Published: June 2021

Background: Aviadenoviruses affect birds, particularly chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys and pheasants, which have total 12 serotypes. Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) caused by aviadenovirus was has been reported in many countries worldwide. The diseases was first reported from Assam in 2017. Although there is increasing reports of the occurrence of IBH-HPS in the broiler population of North Eastern India, but its prevalence at different geoclimatic condition and at various seasons have not been carried out. Under these circumstances, the present study was envisaged to analyse the seroprevalence status of Fowl adenovirus infection in some broiler rearing districts of Assam. Methods: For the present study, blood samples were collected from 12 different districts of Assam including all agroclimatic regions during the period from June, 2016 to May, 2017. Association of various factors like age, season and health status with the prevalence of the affected birds were also studied. Indirect ELISA was performed by using commercially available FAdV ELISA kit. The results obtained were analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Result: A total of 460 serum samples were screened, of which 213 were found positive for FAdV antibodies with a sero-positivity of 46.38 per cent. FAdV antibodies were observed in all age grouped birds. Highest (64.28%) positivity was recorded in the birds of 4th week of age, followed by above 4th week (63.47%), 3rd week (32.03%), 2nd week (27.36%) and 1st week (10.0%). Health status-wise 68.97 percent sero-positivity was recorded in the affected flock, where as 32.51 percent in apparently healthy flock. Season-wise, highest (61.53%) sero-positivity was recorded in post monsoon season followed by monsoon (49.00%), winter (32.49%) and pre-monsoon (32.39%).
CELL CULTURE AS THE MOST CERTAIN WAY OF DIAGNOSIS IN RABIES INFECTION
Authors: Noviantari Ariyani , Khariri Khariri
Published: June 2021

Rabies is a zoonotic disease that causes progressive and fatal inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. This disease is still widespread in the world and is a social and economic burden in many countries. Rabies is estimated to cause 60.000 human deaths annually in over 150 countries, with 95% of cases occurring in Africa and Asia. Several countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, have become one of the endemic areas for rabies. The diagnosis of rabies infection in animals and humans can be made by histopathology, virus cultivation, serology, and virus antigen detection This paper discusses cell culture as a method in the diagnosis of rabies. This paper is a literature review through a literature search in scientific journals and research reports that explains the various studies on the isolation of Rabies virus in cell culture, cell types used, and the technique in diagnosing Rabies infection in cell culture. The diagnosis of rabies can be made by neuroblastoma cells, BHK-21 cell lines, HEK-293 cell lines, and others. It can be concluded that the diagnosis of Rabies virus can be done on several cell lines and needs to be followed by other tests. The nature of rabies disease dictates that laboratory tests be standardized, rapid, sensitive, specific, economical, and reliable.
Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Jantung Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) dalam Uji Toksisitas Akut Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lmk.) dan Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Hilma Novia , Nuri Nuri , Puspitasari Endah , Ningsih Indah Yulia
Published: June 2021

Jati belanda leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lmk.) and Roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) have been known for their activity as antihyperlipidemia with different mechanisms. Combination of these plants was expected to has a synergy effect in reducing cholesterol. However, the toxicity of jati belanda leaves and roselle petals extract combination must be investigated for knowing its safety. Based on the acute toxicity test, the LD50 value of jati belanda leaves and roselle petals extract combination was >5,000 mg/kg bw. It was classified as category 5 or unclassified. This research aimed to study about its effect in cardiac by cardiac histopathology examinations of the rats. The result showed that there was no cardiac histopathology changes of the rats at doses 5,000 mg/kg bw.

 

Keywords: jati belanda leaves, roselle petals, acute toxicity, cardiac histopathology
Efektifitas Penggunaan Pasta Biji Kopi Robusta Sebagai Pembersih Gigi Tiruan Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Resin Akrilik Heat Cured
Authors: Noviyanti Afthin Maritta , Parnaadji Rahardyan , Soesetijo FX Ady
Published: June 2021

The most used denture base materials is heat cured acrylic resin. The disadvantages of acrylic resin are easy to absorb water and porosity that can increase surface roughness. The surface roughness can facilitate the attachment of microorganisms and accumulation of plaque. The cleansing of mechanical denture use electric toothbrush and denture cleanser paste. This paste uses natural materials from robusta coffee beans that decrease surface roughness. To determine the effectivity of robusta coffee beans paste as a denture cleanser to the surface roughness of heat cured acrylic resin.  This study was an experimental laboratory with the research design the post test only  control group design. Total sample of 36 samples in size (65 x 10 x 2,5) mm which consisted of 4 groups: control group without brushing, group A  brushed with electric toothbrush and a placebo paste, group B brushed with electric toothbrush and robusta coffee beans paste 25%, and group C  brushed with electric toothbrush and robusta coffee beans paste 50%. Brushing was done for 22 minutes, then measured the surface roughness of dentures. Robusta coffee bean paste was less effective as a denture cleanser agent against the surface roughness of the heat cured acrylic resin. Robusta coffee beans paste 50% can be used as a denture cleanser.

Keyword: acrylic resin, electric toothbrush, robusta coffee bean paste, surface roughness
Potensi Ekstrak Buah Delima Merah (Punica granatum Linn) terhadap Penurunan Jumlah Koloni Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Kholisa Kholisa , Purwanto Purwanto , Hernawati Sri
Published: June 2021

Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria that initiates the formation of plaque on the tooth surface. S. mutans works by fermenting carbohydrates to produce an acidic atmosphere, so the plaque pH becomes low, this condition can lead to demineralization of enamel and dentin commonly called caries. One of alternative treatment to reduce the population of S. mutans by using herbal plants, namely red pomegranate. Red pomegranate contains flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the inhibition of red pomegranate extract on growth of S. mutans. The method used is by counting the number of S. mutans using a colony counter. This method with 4 samples in each study group. The study group consists of 4 treatment groups (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% red pomegranate extract), positive control group (chlorhexidine), and negative control group (sterile aquades). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney test. Red pomegranate extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans. The concentration of red pomegranate extract that has the greatest inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth is 100%.

Keyword: Antibacterial, Streptococcus mutans, caries, red pomegranate fruit extract
Aktivitas antibakteri Pleurotus ostreatus varietas Grey Oyster pada Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hanizar Evi , Sari Dwi Nur Rikhma
Published: June 2021

Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus varieties Gray oyster is often consumed by the community because it tastes delicious and contains nutrients for health but utilization for medical treatment has not been studied. The aim of this research was to analyze antimicrobial potential compounds in P. ostreatus and to investigate the inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphyllococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research was experimental type with treatment variation 0.1; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2% of P. ostreatus extract, with 5 replicates. Antimicrobial potential compounds was analyzed by qualitative phytochemical test while antibacterial activity evaluated by calculating the inhibition zone diameter presented as the bright zone formed in the surroundings paper discs on bacterial cultures using solid medium. Phytochemical analysis obtained positive results for flavonoid, tannin and terpenoid compounds. The effect of mushroom extract on the bacterial growth inhibition were analyzed by One Way Anova test. The result showed that the inhibitory growth diameter for both bacteria was not significantly different. It meant that the difference in concentration variations of P. ostreatus extracts of 0.25 and 0.50 did not cause different inhibitory effects on S. aureus and P aeruginosa bacteria and 0.1% concentration was capable of causing inhibitory effect.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombinasi Minyak Atsiri Biji Ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) dan Gentamisin terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Triatmoko Bawon , Almuttaqin Huda , Dianasari Dewi
Published: June 2021

Gentamicin is one of the antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group used for the treatment of infections. Gentamicin has side effect such as permanent ototoxicity and reversible nephrotoxicity. It was necessary to reduce these effects by combining antibiotic with natural ingredients, one of those is coriander seeds essential oil. Combination therapy is done to reduce the potential side effects, and increase antibacterial efficacy. Antibacterial activity test were conducted to measure the MIC values of gentamicin, essential oils of coriander seeds, and combination of both. Based on the antibacterial activity test, MIC value of gentamicin was 4 µg/mL, coriander seed essential oil was 50 µg/mL and MIC combination of gentamicin and essential oil of coriander seeds were 0.5 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL. The FIC Index value obtained was 1.125 meaning that the combination effect was indifferent. Indifferent combination effect means the use of a combination of coriander seeds essential oil and gentamicin as antibacterial was not better than the single use.

 

Keywords: coriander, essential oil, antibacterial, FIC Index, S. epidermidis
O Contributo da Genómica do SARS-CoV-2 Para a Gestão da Pandemia de COVID-19 em Portugal
Authors: Gomes João Paulo
Published: June 2021

N/a.
The GULAG experience in cultural narratives and collective identity of post-Soviet Lithuania
Authors: Čepaitienė R.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the tendencies of rethinking the GULAG in the cultural memory of post-Soviet Lithuania (after 1990) are analyzed. The sources for the analysis were represented by ego-documents, literary works, and visual arts (movies and comics). The author draws attention to the specifics of female and, in part, children’s experience of the deportation, to the ways of perceiving, rethinking, and reproducing collective trauma in an ethno-historical context, to the role of post-memory in the formation and support of the national identity in the modern Lithuanian society. In recent years, in the field of perpetuating the memory of the Stalinist period in Lithuania, the public at-tention is increasingly shifted from the direct and authentic evidence to heterogeneous visually striking artistic representations. This shift in the focus of interest can be explained by the generational change, which warrants the search for a new stylistic language and message forms. As a result, works are created that belong to the field of post-memory, which are characterized by a higher degree of adaptability of the traumatic experience of previ-ous generations to the knowledge and mentality of modern viewers / readers, as well as by attempt to increase their attractiveness through vivid and memorable characters and stories. The main difference between the most literarily valuable texts of the ‘first’ and the ‘second’ generation of the Lithuanian authors can basically be de-scribed as a different degree of ontological intensity. If the former authors seek to comprehend the experienced repressions within the framework of existentialism (Grinkevičiūtė and Kalvaitis) or Christian metaphysics (Dirsyte and Miškinis), then the latter authors, for obvious reasons, no longer achieve this level of reflection on the ex-tremely traumatic experience, focusing on embedding their personal biographies into the great historical narrative about the “struggle and sorrows” of the nation, which has already become canonical.
Bronze-casting workshops of the Vengerovo-2 settlement (Baraba forest steppe)
Authors: Durakov I.A. , Mylnikova L.N.
Published: June 2021

The formation of the early bronze-casting production in Baraba and the appearance of products of the Seima-Turbino type were completed within the 3rd — early 2nd mil. BC — during the existence of the Krotovo Cul-ture. Plenty of work has been devoted to its characterization; the presence of bronze-casting on the sites has been noted, but special studies of this type of sources are extremely few. The purpose of this paper is to present the characteristics of the production areas associated with the processing of non-ferrous metals, based on mate-rials of the Vengerovo-2 settlement of the Krotovo Culture. Production sites were studied in six dwellings of the settlement. The uniformity of the workshops has been revealed in terms of site planning and principles of organi-zation of the production, although differences in scale have been noted. The use of two types of the forges has been recorded. In all these workshops and in other sites of the culture, a multifunctional sub-rectangular hearth buried in the ground with the walls and floor lined with fragments of ceramics or clay coating was found (with di-mensions of 1.65×0.87–2.3×0.9×0.21–0.52 m). The second type of the forges is less common — a small round or oval pit (0.4–0.5 m in diameter) with the bottom and walls lined with baked clay or fragments. The smelting was carried out with forced air supply. The casting of the metal was taking place next to the forge. Crushed bones were used as fuel. The production complex demonstrates extensive external economic and commercial ties. This is manifested by penetration of significant volumes of non-ferrous metal into the ore-barren areas of the Central Baraba, as well as by the presence of imported foundry equipment (molds made of marl and talc). The simultaneous presence inside the casters’ dwellings of bones of taiga-zone animals and those living in the southern, steppe regions indicates significant length of the supply routes. The specific features and unification of the production of the manufacturing equipment, nature of the work carried out, volume of heats, and a large number of similar-type forms suggest specialization of the village in the bronze casting production.
CD133 Promotes Resistance to Trametinib in Melanoma Stem Cells by Activating an AKT / BCL-2 Survival Pathway
Authors: Simbulan-Rosenthal Cynthia Marie , Haribabu Yogameenakshi , Vakili Sahar , Kuo Li-Wei , Clark Havens , Dougherty Ryan , Alobaidi Ryyan , Carney Bonnie C. , Sykora Peter , Rosenthal Dean Scott
Published: June 2021

Malignant melanoma is a lethal skin cancer containing melanoma-initiating cells (MIC), implicated in tumorigenesis, invasion, and drug resistance, and characterized by elevated expression of stem cell markers, such as CD133. We previously showed that siRNA knockdown of CD133 enhances apoptosis induced by the MEK inhibitor trametinib in melanoma cells. The current study investigates underlying mechanisms of CD133’s anti-apoptotic activity in patient-derived BAKP and POT cells, harboring difficult-to-treat NRASQ61K and NRASQ61R drivers, after CRISPR-Cas9 CD133 knockdown or Dox-inducible expression of CD133. To maintain stable expression of CD133, MACS-sorted CD133(+) positive cells were expanded by ROCK-mediated conditional reprogramming of BAKP melanoma cells (BAKR). BAKR showed increased survival via reduced apoptosis after exposure to trametinib or DTIC, compared to BAKP. CRISPR-Cas9- mediated CD133 knockdown in BAKR cells (BAKR-T3) re-sensitized the cells, while CRISPR-Cas9 knockdown of CD133 in parental BAKP and POT cells even further increased trametinib-induced apoptosis (cleaved PARP) by reducing levels of anti-apoptotic BCL-xL, p-AKT, and p-BAD, and increasing pro-apoptotic BAD and active BAX. Dox-induced CD133 overexpression had the opposite effect, and blocked trametinib-induced apoptosis in both cell lines, coincident with elevated p-AKT, p-BAD, BCL-2 and BCL-xL and decreased levels of the active form of BAX and caspases-3 and -9. The roles of CD133 in AKT and BAD phosphorylation, or in the upregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members, was further investigated by AKT knockout with siRNA, or inhibition of BCL-2 family members with navitoclax (ABT-263). Similar to CD133 knockdown, AKT1/2 siRNA knockdown in BAKP cells also reduced p-BAD. CD133 knockdown (T3)-mediated reduction of pBAD levels was equivalent in AKT-knockdown or AKT control cells indicating that CD133 may be upstream of AKT signaling. In BAKP cells treated with trametinib and/or ABT-263, effects of ABT-263 mirrored CD133 knockdown, since levels of active BAX and cleaved-PARP in BAKP-SC (CD133-) cells increased to the same level as that exhibited by BAKP-T3 cells (CD133+). CD133 may therefore activate a survival pathway where 1) increased phosphorylation of AKT induces 2) phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD, 3) decrease in the active form of BAX, and 4) reduction in caspase-mediated PARP cleavage, indicating apoptosis suppression leading to drug resistance in melanomas. Targeting survival pathways by which CD133 may confer chemoresistance in MICs can contribute to development of more effective treatments for patients with high-risk melanoma.
Comparison of overground and resting endoscopy in the diagnosis of the simple and complex dynamic upper respiratory tract abnormalities in racehorses
Authors: KUMAS Cihan , MADEN Mehmet , PINAR Orhan
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to find the source of complaints and to diagnose dynamic upper respiratory tract problems, which were derived from the horse owners, trainers, and jockeys, and to evaluate the overground endoscopic examination efficiency to determine the subclinical upper respiratory tract (URT) abnormalities, which were unable to diagnose with resting endoscopy. In the study, overground endoscopy has been used which nowadays there is a more useful and safe technique of performing endoscopy during ridden exercise in the natural field to diagnose dynamic upper respiratory tract (URT) abnormalities in comparison with the more traditional method of resting endoscopy. This study focused on 25 racehorses (Thoroughbred, n:22 and Arabian n: 3), which were admitted to Racehorse Hospital with complaints of fade abruptly and/or abnormal respiratory noise during the last meters of the race. All horses were examined for the complaints to be associated with systemic disorders and/or lameness, the racehorses with lameness and/or systemic disorders findings were excluded. Resting (post-exercise) and overground endoscopy by using Dr. Fritz® ETL-Equine Overground Endoscopy was performed on a polytrack racecourse in all racehorses. Observed abnormalities were recorded as simple and complex cases and the results of resting and dynamic examination were compared. It was concluded the overground endoscopic examination has a useful diagnostic value in determining the cause of abnormal respiratory noise and/or fade abruptly.
Convergence of coupling-parameter expansion-based solutions to Ornstein-Zernike equation in liquid state theory
Authors: MENON S. V. G.
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is to investigate the convergence of coupling-parameter expansion-based solutions to Ornstein-Zernike equation in liquid state theory. The analytically solved Baxter's adhesive hard sphere model is analyzed first using coupling-parameter expansion. It is found that the expansion provides accurate approximations to solutions - including the liquid-vapor phase diagram - in most parts of the phase plane. However, it fails to converge in the region where the model has only complex solutions. Similar analysis and results are, then, obtained using analytical solutions within the mean spherical approximation for the hard-core Yukawa potential. Next, convergence of the expansion is analyzed for the Lennard-Jonnes potential using an accurate density-dependent bridge function in the closure relation. Numerical results are presented which show convergence of correlation functions, compressibility versus density profiles, etc., in the single as well as two phase regions. Computed liquid-vapor phase diagrams, using two independent schemes employing the converged profiles, compare excellently with simulation data. Results obtained for the generalized Lennard-Jonnes potential, with varying repulsive exponent, also compare well with simulation data. All these results together establish the coupling-parameter expansion as a practical tool for studying single component fluid phases modeled via general pair-potentials.
Development of a novel Live Attenuated Influenza A Virus vaccine encoding the IgA-inducing protein
Authors: Cáceres C. Joaquín , Cardenas-Garcia Stivalis , Jain Aarti , Gay L. Claire , Carnaccini Silvia , Seibert Brittany , Ferreri Lucas M , Geiger Ginger , Jasinskas Alguimantas , Nakajima Rie , Rajao Daniela S , Isakova-Sivak Irina , Rudenko Larisa , Vincent Amy L , Davies D. Huw , Perez Daniel R
Published: June 2021

Live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines elicit a combination of systemic and mucosal immunity by mimicking a natural infection. To further enhance protective mucosal responses, we incorporated the gene encoding the IgA-inducing protein (IGIP) into the LAIV genomes of the cold-adapted A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) strain (caLen) and the experimental attenuated backbone A/turkey/Ohio/313053/04 (H3N2) (OH/04att). Incorporation of IGIP into the caLen background led to a virus that grew poorly in prototypical substrates. In contrast, IGIP in the OH/04att background (IGIP-H1att) virus grew to titers comparable to the isogenic backbone H1att (H1N1) without IGIP. IGIP-H1att- and H1caLen-vaccinated mice were protected against lethal challenge with a homologous virus. The IGIP-H1att vaccine generated robust serum HAI responses in naïve mice against the homologous virus, equal or better than those obtained with the H1caLen vaccine. Analyses of IgG and IgA responses using a protein microarray revealed qualitative differences in humoral and mucosal responses between vaccine groups. Overall, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples from the IGIP-H1att group showed trends towards increased stimulation of IgG and IgA responses compared to H1caLen samples. In summary, introduction of genes encoding immunomodulatory functions into a candidate LAIV that can serve as natural adjuvants to improve overall vaccine safety and efficacy.
Metal-Insulator-Metal Waveguide-Based Racetrack Integrated Circular Cavity for Refractive Index Sensing Application
Authors: Butt M.A. , Kaźmierczak Andrzej , Kazanskiy N. L. , Khonina S. N.
Published: June 2021

Herein, a novel cavity design of racetrack integrated circular cavity established on metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide is suggested for refractive index sensing application. Over the past few years, we have witnessed several unique cavity designs to improve the sensing performance of the plasmonic sensors created on the MIM waveguide. The optimized cavity design can provide the best sensing performance. In this work, we have numerically analyzed the device design by utilizing the finite element method (FEM). The small variations in the geometric parameter of the device can bring a significant shift in the sensitivity and FOM of the device. The best sensitivity and FOM of the anticipated device are 1400 nm/RIU and ~12.01, respectively. We believe that the sensor design analyzed in this work can be utilized in the on-chip detection of biochemical analytes.
Similarity approximation of Twitter Profiles
Authors: Shoeibi Niloufar , Shoeibi Nastaran , Chamoso Pablo , Alizadehsani Zakie , Corchado Juan M.
Published: June 2021

Social media platforms are entirely an undeniable part of the lifestyle from the past decade. Analyzing the information being shared is a crucial step to understand humans behavior. Social media analysis is aiming to guarantee a better experience for the user and risen user satisfaction. But first, it is necessary to know how and from which aspects to compare users with each other. In this paper, an intelligent system has been proposed to measure the similarity of Twitter profiles. For this, firstly, the timeline of each profile has been extracted using the official Twitter API. Then, all information is given to the proposed system. Next, in parallel, three aspects of a profile are derived. Behavioral ratios are time-series-related information showing the consistency and habits of the user. Dynamic time warping has been utilized for comparison of the behavioral ratios of two profiles. Next, Graph Network Analysis is used for monitoring the interactions of the user and its audience; for estimating the similarity of graphs, Jaccard similarity is used. Finally, for the Content similarity measurement, natural language processing techniques for preprocessing and TF-IDF for feature extraction are employed and then compared using the cosine similarity method. Results have presented the similarity level of different profiles. As the case study, people with the same interest show higher similarity. This way of comparison is helpful in many other areas. Also, it enables to find duplicate profiles; those are profiles with almost the same behavior and content.
A Review of Devices for Integrated Silicon Photonic Switches
Authors: Khope Akhilesh S. P.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we review devices used in silicon photonic switches. Devices in switches are divided into active and passive devices. Active devices consist of microring resonator, contra directional couplers, mach zhender switches. Passive devices consist of waveguide crossings and arrayed waveguide gratings. We also list the state of the art in devices in a comparison table.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE LITERACY ABILITY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BASED ON PROGRAMME FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSEMENT (PISA)
Authors: Sholikah Latifatus , Pertiwi Faninda Novika
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the scientific literacy skills of students at MTs N 2 Ponorogo. Science literacy is individual ability to apply the principles of science in everyday life, especially in making decisions and get involved in science issues. This research is fundamental in determining students' scientific literacy skills which are an important ability in facing the challenges of the 21st century. The research method used is qualitative with a naturalistic design. The subjects of this study were 9 students using techniques purpossive sampling. The data collection techniques used were tests and interviews. In addition, science teachers also play a role as supporting subjects. The test in this study used a scientific literacy test adapted from PISA. The test is only on the aspect of scientific competence with indicators explaining scientific phenomena, evaluating and designing inquiry approaches, interpreting data and evidence scientifically. Meanwhile, interviews were conducted in an unstructured manner. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman's model, namely data reduction, data presentation, conclusion and verification. The results showed that students had an average scientific literacy ability of 76.85 in the "good" category"
Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) and 3D Sample Tracking Protocol
Authors: Robbins Shaina , Achanta Sirisha , Vadigepalli Rajanikanth
Published: June 2021

This protocol demonstrates the use of Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM), a precise cell isolation technique, for acquiring single neurons from right atrial ganglionated plexus (RAGP) porcine heart tissue in sync with image acquisition to enable 3D location tracking of collected samples. Fresh frozen RAGP tissue sectioned and stained for neurons (Nissl stain) is processed through LCM for sample collection. The LCM workflow is comprised of four steps: instrument setup, slide loading and tissue inspection, microdissection and image acquisition and sample processing and storage. LCM collected samples were processed for gene expression experiments : High-throughput-qRT-PCR or Single cell RNA sequencing. Gene expression data along with 3D sample tracking was used to generate a functional map of porcine RAGP. The techniques described in this protocol can be adapted to a wide variety of sample and tissue types with minor modifications. This protocol is a part of a protocol pipeline that includes cryosectioning and staining protocols upstream and Tissue Mapper protocol, High-Throughput q-RT-PCR and RNA Seq protocols downstream.