bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive physiological data analysis based on the XGBoost algorithm to realize positive perceptual sample classification
Authors: Guo Zhuen , Lin Li
Published: January 2023

Designers refer to existing product cases and innovate products to develop new products. However, when designers screen product cases, there is no user participation, which leads to the lack of user-side knowledge and emotional drive that is very important for design. Therefore, it is necessary to play the role of user emotional knowledge in promoting the whole design process. This paper proposes the concept of the positive perceptual sample, which applies the knowledge emotion integration of designers and users to the screening sample case stage at the beginning of the design process. This study is based on the lack of user-side knowledge and emotional drive of reference cases and integrates user emotion into the reference case screening process. Then, in the emotion measurement process, users’ cognitive data in the screening process are obtained through the eye-brain fusion cognitive experiment. Finally, the XGBoost algorithm is used to process feature index data to realize the classification and recognition of cognitive data and applied to the positive perceptual classification of products. The results show that the classification accuracy of physiological cognitive data with user emotional representation by the XGBoost algorithm is 90.87%. The results of cognitive data classification are applied to the screening of positive perceptual samples, and the satisfaction rate is 98.35%. The results show that the method proposed in this paper provides a new source of ideas for obtaining positive perceptual samples and can be applied to new product development.
A novel of congestion control architecture using edge computing and trustworthy blockchain system
Authors: Shukla Poorva , Patel Ravindra , Varma Sunita
Published: January 2023

Recently, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) has been one of the emerging fields of research. Many researchers are doing their research on various challenges of VANET. Congestion or blockage has become a critical issue in intelligent transportation systems, and this problem may arise daily due to the usage of smart technology in VANET. So we need some mechanism which controlscongestion. This paper present the trustworthy, long-lasting and consistent block chain congestion control mechanism using the heterogeneity of Dullening Nural Network (DNN), Q-Learning, and Software Define Network (SDN) model for an accurate result, fixed infrastructure, together with a correct prediction of congestion when it occurs at the edge of the network and give the fast and correct decision of congestion w.r.t VANET trust, Quality of service (QOS) and other vehicles current request. The focus of our research is on distributed SDN Technology and block chain technology for the development of smart cities and linked vehicles. So we proposed an inexpensive mechanism with low latency and a low bandwidth block chain system. Based on the Simulation result, our proposed architecture gives 82% and 98% reliability and efficiency gain in a congestion environment compared to traditional approaches. This paper aims to increase throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), energy consumption time, and less end-to-end delay and routing overhead during communication.
DNA Methylation Signature of Aging: Potential Impact on the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Yazar Volkan , Dawson Valina L. , Dawson Ted M. , Kang Sung-Ung
Published: January 2023

Regulation of gene expression by epigenetic modifications means lasting and heritable changes in the function of genes without alterations in the DNA sequence. Of all epigenetic mechanisms identified thus far, DNA methylation has been of particular interest in both aging and age-related disease research over the last decade given the consistency of site-specific DNA methylation changes during aging that can predict future health and lifespan. An increasing line of evidence has implied the dynamic nature of DNA (de)methylation events that occur throughout the lifespan has a role in the pathophysiology of aging and age-associated neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this regard, PD methylome shows, to some extent, similar genome-wide changes observed in the methylome of healthy individuals of matching age. In this review, we start by providing a brief overview of studies outlining global patterns of DNA methylation, then its mechanisms and regulation, within the context of aging and PD. Considering diverging lines of evidence from different experimental and animal models of neurodegeneration and how they combine to shape our current understanding of tissue-specific changes in DNA methylome in health and disease, we report a high-level comparison of the genomic methylation landscapes of brain, with an emphasis on dopaminergic neurons in PD and in natural aging. We believe this will be particularly useful for systematically dissecting overlapping genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation during PD and healthy aging, and for improving our knowledge of PD-specific changes in methylation patterns independent of aging process.
Electrophysiological trajectories of concussion recovery: From acute to prolonged stages in late teenagers
Authors: Mortazavi Mo , Lucini Francesca Arese , Joffe David , Oakley David S.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE: Numerous studies have reported electrophysiological differences between concussed and non-concussed groups, but few studies have systematically explored recovery trajectories from acute concussion to symptom recovery and the transition from acute concussion to prolonged phases. Questions remain about recovery prognosis and the extent to which symptom resolution coincides with injury resolution. This study therefore investigated the electrophysiological differences in recoveries between simple and complex concussion. METHODS: Student athletes with acute concussion from a previous study (19(2) years old) were tracked from pre-injury baseline, 24–48 hours after concussion, and through in-season recovery. The electroencephalography (EEG) with P300 evoked response trajectories from this acute study were compared to an age-matched population of 71 patients (18(2) years old) with prolonged post-concussive symptoms (PPCS), 61 (SD 31) days after concussion. RESULTS: Acute, return-to-play, and PPCS groups all experienced a significant deficit in P300 amplitude compared to the pre-injury baseline group. The PPCS group, however, had significantly different EEG spectral and coherence patterns from every other group. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that while the evoked response potentials deficits of simple concussion may persist in more prolonged stages, there are certain EEG measures unique to PPCS. These metrics are readily accessible to clinicians and may provide useful parameters to help predict trajectories, characterize injury (phenotype), and track the course of injury.
Organizational identification and burnout syndrome in healthcare workers: The mediating effect of organizational justice
Authors: Vásquez-Trespalacios Elsa María , Aranda-Beltrán Carolina , López-Palomar Ma. Del Refugio , Calderón-Mafud José Luis , Román-Calderón Juan Pablo , Vaamonde Juan Diego , Leon-Cortes Silvia
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers typically perform their work under adverse conditions, increasing their susceptibility to developing burnout syndrome (BO). The paucity of research on the relationship between organizational identification (OI) and perceptions of organizational justice has created the need to address this topic more deeply. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relationship between OI and BO, identifying whether perceptions of organizational justice act as mediating variables. METHODS: In total, 402 healthcare workers (physicians, professionals, and nursing assistants) completed Colquitt’s (2001) Organizational Justice Scale, Mael and Ashforth’s (1992) Organizational Identification Scale, and Maslach’s (1986) Burnout Inventory. Two competing structural equation models were evaluated. RESULTS: Our partial mediation model showed that the direct relationship between OI and BO was not significant (β= –0.16; p = 0.07). Therefore, a total mediation model was selected, showing that the indirect effects of OI on BO through perceptions of distributive justice (β= –0.16; p = 0.00) and interpersonal justice (β= –0.11; p = 0.02) were significant. CONCLUSION: Adjusting the processes of health institutions considering a vision of organizational justice and increasing the worker’s sense of belonging to his or her organization and his or her work team would, in turn, result in a lower probability of experiencing burnout syndrome.
The effect of COVID-19 patient care and emergency response interprofessional training on COVID-19 knowledge, perception, behavior and readiness for care
Authors: Kasapoğlu Elçin Sebahat , Yıldız Yasemin Şahin , Saldamlı Aslı , Karaçetin Figen
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for Interprofessional Education (IPE) and collaborative practices have gained even more importance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of IPE on COVID-19 on students’ knowledge, perceptions, behaviors and readiness for care regarding COVID-19. METHODS: The study followed a single-group pre-/post-test semi-experimental research design. The sample consisted of 435 students studying Elderly Care/Home Patient Care/First and Emergency Aid programs. The students’ perception of interdisciplinary education was evaluated at the beginning of the study. RESULTS: The students were given an online COVID-19 Patient Care and Emergency Response IPE that lasted five hours and was split into two parts. The perception of interdisciplinary education was significantly higher among female students and first and emergency students before receiving IPE. Before and after IPE, the knowledge level scores of the students who did not receive IPE were found to be higher than those who did. After the training, the students’ knowledge levels, readiness for care and their perceptions of control towards the COVID-19 pandemic increased statistically significantly (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The students’ knowledge levels and perceptions of control surrounding the pandemic may grow as a result of the IPE given about COVID-19 during the pandemic, when IPE became more important, and students may feel more prepared to care.
Chapter IX: Conclusion: A Pluralistic View
Authors: Gross Larry
Published: January 2023

We have examined a fair amount of autobiographical recollections of their lives and work as reported by six psychologists whom we have reason to consider creative. What, then, is to be concluded from these about the nature of the creative personality and the creative process?

The most striking impression that the case-studies present to me as a whole is of the variety, the pluralism of backgrounds, development, personality and research interests and activities. But, along with this, and equally important, I feel that there is a possibility for finding some common characteristics, structural if not contentual [sic], which might be relevant to the creative personality and process.
Chapter VII: Jerome S. Bruner: Thinking, Learning, Knowing
Authors: Gross Larry
Published: January 2023

Jerome Bruner, one of the youngest subjects, also had one of the quickest rises into a position of recognized standing in his field. Currently Director of the Center for Cognitive Studies at Harvard University and member of the faculties of the Department of Social Relations and the Graduate School of Public Administration, he was one of the youngest men to attain the rank of professor of Psychology. His considerable productivity has been in the areas of propaganda analysis, opinion analysis, perception, thinking and concept attainment, learning and the process of education. In his case, as in McClelland’s, there is no immediately identifiable central, paradigmatic question unifying his research; and this is one of the problems we shall be taking up in the following study. He has written many articles, and, alone or in collaboration, four books. Also, like McClelland, he has been a more frequent participant than the other subjects, in administrative and advisory activities. He is currently President of the New England Psychological Association, and President-Elect of the American Psychological Association.
Chapter VIII: B. F. Skinner: The Science of Human Behavior
Authors: Gross Larry
Published: January 2023

Any catalogue of the most creative and important psychologists alive would have to include B. F. Skinner in a prominent position. Not only is he the leading representative of one of the major forces in psychological theory, but his creative accomplishments are such that they are recognized even by those whose positions are totally opposed to his. Although working within a pre-existing framework, Skinner has changed the nature of this very framework in very significant ways. Pavlov was the ancestor, and Watson the father of Skinnerian Behaviorism, but in the final analysis, the system as it stands is his. Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, Skinner has promulgated his position through five books, ranging from methodological description to Utopian speculation (his novel, Walden Two () is the only fiction written, to my knowledge, by a prominent contemporary psychologist), and numerous articles. He has also made significant methodological innovations. Many psychologists may not like his work, but they ignore it at their peril. More than any of the other subjects, except perhaps Maslow, Skinner is a theorist about whom one cannot be neutral.
МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНОГО БЛОКУ В ЗМІСТІ ШКІЛЬНИХ ПІДРУЧНИКІВ З ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОВ РАДЯНСЬКОГО ПЕРІОДУ
Authors: Пасічник Олександр , Пасічник Олена
Published: January 2023

У статті здійснено спробу визначити терміни й умови усвідомлення, важливості інтеграції культурологічного блоку в зміст навчання іноземних мов. Також проаналізовано особливості відображення відомостей про культуру і побут країн, мова яких вивчалася, у змісті популярних підручників, які використовувалися у вітчизняних школах у період 30‒80-х рр. ХХ ст. Установлено, що презентація культурного компонента у змісті навчальної літератури базувалася на засадах лінгвокраїнознавства, яке стало одним із важливих розділів методики. Окремі положення дослідження проілюстровані прикладами з тогочасних підручників англійської мови. За результатами дослідження сформульовано рекомендації для розробників дидактичних матеріалів з урахуванням соціокультурного підходу.
Формування раціональних прийомів навчальної діяльності у процесі іншомовної підготовки в учнів 5–6 класів гімназій
Authors: Пасічник Олександр
Published: January 2023

Утвердження компетентнісної парадигми спонукає до перегляду підходів щодо організації як змістового, так і процесуального компонентів освітнього процесу. Одним із завдань сучасної школи має бути не лише повідомлення учням певного обсягу знань, але й забезпечення їх інструментарієм, який дасть змогу ефективно обробляти інформацію (групувати, систематизувати, узагальнювати), а також вибудовувати власні стратегії пізнавальної діяльності. Мета статті полягає у виокремленні стратегій навчальної діяльності, які позитивно впливатимуть на процес оволодінню іноземною мовою учнів 5–6 класів. Теоретичний аспект дослідження спирається на положення когнітивної психології щодо кодування та відтворення інформації, які засвідчують, що використання мнемотехнік зменшує енергетичні затрати мозку на запам’ятовування інформації, у тому числі нового мовного матеріалу; окрім того вони слугують основою для побудови власних висловлювань. Емпіричний аспект передбачав апробацію окремих стратегій навчальної діяльності учнів 5–6 класів у процесі навчання іноземної мови. Отримані висновки базуються на спостереженнях вчителів, які брали участь у дослідному навчанні. На основі отриманих даних автор робить висновок про те, що апробовані стратегії доречно інтегрувати до змісту шкільних підручників з іноземних мов та пропонують їх розподіл за роками навчання. Отже, вони зможуть стати невід’ємним складником змісту навчання іноземних мов та сприятимуть реалізації окремих положень компетентнісного підходу в освіті.
Dictionary of musical terms of the Tuvan language
Authors:   Tuva Institute for Humanitarian and Applied Socio-Economic Research under the Government of the Republic of Tyva, Donorova Ulyana Ochur-oolovna
Published: January 2023

The Dictionary of Musical Terms of the Tuvan Language is intended for specialists in the musical field: musicians, singers, composers, teachers, researchers, students of the College of Arts and pupils of children's art schools of the Republic of Tyva. Its material can be used in the classroom for musical theoretical and musical performing disciplines, as well as for independent work of students of general education schools and students of various educational institutions. The dictionary may be of interest to a wider circle of readers who love music and the word.
SURVEI KEBERAGAMAAN PELAJAR SLTA (Paham Ke-Islaman Pelajar SMA dan MA dalam Kehidupan Sosial)
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto
Published: January 2023

Within this last decade many people/ institution/media launch the height of religious intolerance action in Indonesia. Religious intolerant attitude has also been growing among students, Wahid Institute released the rulets of their research finding that religious intolerance attitude of students increasingly flourished, reflected in 49.5% 0f respondents rejected the worship house existence of other religion near their residences. Religious intolerant attitude among students is’thought to have led to the movement of radicalism. It can be said that religious “piety” level of high school muslim students affected the intolerance attitude, if the religious piety of high school Muslim student became stronger, resulting in stronger of intolerant behaviour among muslim hight school students. This study used a quantitative approach.
CHENG HO MOSQUE AND SOCIAL STATUS : A STUDY ON THE EXISTANCE OF CHINESE MUSLIM WITHIN SOCIOCULTURAL RELATIONS IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Hasanah Eva Putriya , Aziz Moh. Ali , Huda Sokhi , Fauzi Hepi
Published: January 2023

This article is a type of qualitative research using data collection techniques, namely documentation and interviews which discuss the impact of Cheng Ho Mosque for the sociocultural relations of Chinese Muslims with various parties in Indonesia. Before the construction of the Cheng Ho Mosque, being a Chinese Muslim in Indonesia was more difficult than being a Chinese. Chinese Muslims are like a minority within a minority and find very difficult to establish relationships with other non-Chinese Muslim groups in Indonesia. Likewise, his relationship with the Chinese ethnic group itself is very limited. This article finds, the presence of the Cheng Ho mosque has a new impact on the lives of Chinese Muslim today. The existence of Chinese Muslim has been widely known by the public. Both in social and cultural activities began to be widely known and understood. The relations with various parties are very good. The existence of Chinese Muslims can become a mediator in connecting and solve the problem among various parties like Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, academics, Chinese consulate general, non-Muslim Chinese communities, and other ethnic communities in Surabaya, East Java. Even indirectly have an impact on China’s public Diplomacy in Indonesia.
Multifunctional and flexible online platforms for creating educational materials
Authors: Nikandrov A. A.
Published: January 2023

The article actualizes the need to use multifunctional flexible online platforms to promote educational activities, in particular the discipline “Machine Learning”. The main characteristic features of the discipline “Machine Learning” are described, the teaching of which consists in a task-based approach through writing program codes in a programming language, which is the Python 3 interpreter with a bundle of libraries selected: NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib and Seaborn for data processing and visualization. The Scikit-learn library is used directly for machine learning. In addition to the Python 3 interpreter, coding tools are involved, namely: the PyCharm Community cross-platform development environment and the Jupyter Notebook open source web application. The potential of educational multifunctional flexible online platforms including designers of open online courses to facilitate independent learning of students is evaluated. According to the versions of various domestic and foreign scientific publications, the most mentioned online platforms are identified, their functionality regarding the placement of material in the fields of programming and machine learning was analyzed. Based on the analysis of the functional, a group of potential basic requirements for educational platforms in teaching programming within the discipline “Machine Learning” was identified, analyzed and discussed.
Cognitive e-learning resources
Authors: Christochevsky S. A.
Published: January 2023

The article presents an analysis of some of the possibilities of traditional textbooks and e-learning resources. The possibilities of constructing de facto individual educational trajectories of students using traditional textbooks, which are currently absent in e-learning resources, are considered. Some shortcomings of e-learning resources are shown, related to the dominance of the video sequence in e-learning resources over other channels of influence on students and to the exaggeration of the role of interactivity of e-learning resources when they are used in the educational process. On the example of the Stroop test, the obligatory integration of various media, in particular the text and color design of e-learning resources, was noted. Attention is drawn to the effectiveness of the use of e-learning resources in various educational situations.

Many mistakes of developers of e-learning resources are based on insufficient interaction between developers and psychologists. The creators of e-learning resources often incorrectly interpret the results obtained by psychologists. The article provides relevant examples, including the use of the mythical number seven (the principle that a person can work simultaneously with no more than seven blocks of information). Developers do not always use in their activities the communicative postulates of G. P. Grice, as well as the theory of cognitive load, according to which the developed e-learning resources should not overload the student’s brain. In psychology, the cognitive resource is more associated with aspects of human information processing. In the article, the concept of “cognitive resource” extends to resources “external” in relation to a person, including e-learning resources. The degree of cognition of the resource characterizes the ease of transferring to the student the information necessary for the educational process and the perception of this information by him.

Attention is drawn to the need to use modern usability principles when building “transparent” interfaces of e-learning resources. As a result of the analysis of modern e-learning resources, recommendations are proposed for developers of e-learning resources on the creation of cognitive presentational electronic resources to increase their effectiveness.
The transformation education concept in the digital ecosystem of a territorial production cluster
Authors: Sabitov R. A. , Smirnova G. S. , Elizarova N. Yu. , Sabitov Sh. R. , Eponeshnikov A. V. , Grigoriev I. S.
Published: January 2023

A new approach to the formation of distributed digital educational ecosystems in territorial production clusters is proposed. This can not only eliminate the shortcomings of the traditional education system, but also create a promising platform for a new modern educational technology. The basis for building such an ecosystem are modern achievements in the field of control systems, digitalization and artificial intelligence. Currently, the education market is seriously influenced by scientific results in the field of artificial intelligence and the rapid development of digital technologies. As practice has shown, it is necessary to take into account quite unpredictable natural disasters and pandemics, as well as the complex geopolitical and economic situation in the world. In these conditions, one of the few serious opportunities for universities to maintain and strengthen their positions in the education market, which will change rapidly in the near future, is the transformation of processes within the framework of new technological trends based on digital platforms of industrial cluster ecosystems. The digital twin can be used both for real-time decision-making and for forecasting and planning the process for the entire training period. The university and the enterprises of the territorial cluster that provide part of the educational services under this approach are integrated into a single mechanism for solving the tasks of flexible individual training in accordance with the needs of the cluster in highly qualified personnel. Within the framework of the proposed approach, it is possible to build a hybrid educational university environment integrated with the real objects of the territory’s economy, which in this case becomes the most important component of the digital educational ecosystem. The proposed concept makes it possible to predict and plan the training of the right specialists, since the entire scheme of the educational process in this case is closely connected with the enterprises of the real sector for the entire period of training. This becomes possible due to the fact that training takes place according to flexible, updated programs that reflect the constantly changing requirements of enterprises to the competencies of employees.
Designing a process of organizing a scientific and educational Internet event
Authors: Avdosenko E. V. , Makarova E. A. , Kuidin A. A.
Published: January 2023

Scientific and educational events are a relevant issue in the system of higher education. Modern challenging realities require new approaches to the event organization process, a clear differentiation of classroom and distance event forms, prioritization in their planning and conducting. The aim of the study is to develop a technique for organizing a scientific and educational Internet event and apply it while conducting a scientific student Internet conference.

The research is based on the modern approaches to design and modeling, event management and reengineering. We collected and analyzed theoretical and empirical data, systematized, generalized and recorded it graphically.

As a result, a five stage process of organizing a scientific and educational event has been designed. At first we created a model of educational event concept, chose an electronic form as optimal for organizing an event in new realities. The next stage was to create a scheme of preparing and holding an event, showing a set and sequence of actions. Further using the model of event concept and the scheme, we organized a scientific student conference in the electronic form, tested a new format of scientific communication. The final stage was the analysis of the conference results, a survey of participants, and a comparison with the metrics of previous years.

The developed model of event concept and the scheme of preparing and holding an event include all procedures for organizing an event of any level and format; they can be used for preparing most educational events. Designing organizational processes in rapidly changing conditions is a challenging issue for modernization of teacher’s organizational and managerial activities.
Personalization of learning in programming on the example of the application of internet services
Authors: Sadykova F. E.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the concept of personalization of learning, actualizes the need to develop a model of the personalized learning in the field of vocational education in the context of the implementation of the National Program “Digital Economy”. Existing learning models created on the basis of a personalized approach are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the personalized, differentiated, individualized and adaptive learning is given. A model of personalization of learning in the study of programming through Internet services has been developed. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of introducing a model of personalization of learning when organizing programming classes in professional educational institutions.

The results of the study show that a personalized learning model provides the student with the right to choose, the route of movement within the subject, the opportunity to go ahead and properly manage the time won, or, conversely, return, and catch up with classmates. This approach allows the learner to “drive” the learning car rather than sit in the passenger seat. This is the main motivating factor. The conclusions formulated in the article are of practical value for heads of educational organizations, developers of educational materials, methodologists of educational institutions to build an educational process using a personalized approach to a relatively new trend in developing vocational education systems.
A corrective approach to assessing students’ academic achievements in LMS Moodle
Authors: Konnova L. P. , Lipagina L. V. , Olekhova E. F. , Rylov А. А. , Stepanyan I. K.
Published: January 2023

The article proposes a large-scale implementation of the LMS Moodle learning environment in the distance learning process and recommends using this resource for in-person learning. We believe that the knowledge assessment system designed for distance learning cannot be automatically applied to assessing students taught in other educational modes; it must be adapted to them. The research aimed to study the assessment issues in the Moodle environment and to develop a methodology for using it to assess the knowledge of Mathematics acquired by students doing their economic bachelor’s degree. To achieve the goal, we studied scientific literature on this subject and employed pedagogical design, experiment, and student survey as research methods. As a result, we designed a monitoring and measuring system to handle mathematical knowledge assessment in LMS Moodle. In addition, we developed a procedure for mid-term assessment using this system. We believe that teachers should verify electronic testing results when evaluating students’ academic achievements in the Moodle environment. The article describes the experimental results confirming that teacher-adjusted grades show students’ knowledge level more objectively. The novelty of the study consists in developing a corrective methodology for utilizing the LMS Moodle to assess students’ knowledge of mathematics in the full-time in-person learning mode. The proposed approach can be used to assess students’ knowledge in other academic disciplines. Moreover, it can be integrated into the digital learning environment of educational institutions.
Influence of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with sapropel and biohumus on the yield of oats and barley and the content of basic nutrients in grain
Authors: Gazizov R. R. , Prishchepenko E. A. , Rakhmanova G. F. , Masnavieva R. R.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The choice of forms and types of preparations for presowing seed treatment, as well as growth regulators is important for the development and level of crop yields. Therefore, the search and application of effective and safe means for seed treatment is an urgent task.   Methods. The vegetation experiment was laid in 2018–2020 on oats and barley in 5 kg Wagner vessels. Seeds of cultures before sowing were soaked in suspensions of sapropel and biohumus in the usual form and ultrafine form, obtained by ultrasound dispersion in deionized water. Harvest accounting – in the phase of full ripeness of crops from all plants in the vessel. Qualitative analysis of plant samples was carried out on devices in accordance with the established state standards.   Results. In the experiment with oats, the maximum significant increase in grain was obtained in the variant with seed treatment with an ultrafine form of biohumus – 17.8% compared to the background, in the variant with ultrafine sapropel – 9.6 %. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the yield increased by 12.0 (treatment with sapropel) and 11.5 % (treatment with biohumus) compared to the background, when using ultrafine forms – by 34.8 % and 29.8 % respectively. In 2020, the yield increase when using usual form was 15 and 21.0 %, ultrafine form – 21.3 and 28.0 % respectively. The content of ash, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in oat grain increased by 7.2; 4.8; 20.5 and 14.3 % respectively, reaching a maximum with the usage of ultrafine form. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the ash content increased by 16.1 %, nitrogen – by 27.7 %, protein – by 16.4–18.3 %, phosphorus and potassium – by 12.6 and 28.3 % respectively. In 2020, the ash content was the highest among all variants and increased by 11.3 %, phosphorus – by 13.6 %, and nitrogen – by 1.75–1.95 %. The protein content in the grain was 10.3–10.7 %, potassium – up to 7 %.
The effect of fungicides on the content of photosynthetic pigments in spring wheat plants
Authors: Zubko N. G. , Dolzhenko T. V.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The number of scientific papers dealing with the indirect effect of the use of fungicides during the growing season on wheat yield through their effect on physiological processes and pigment composition in plants of this crop is not numerous. There are only a few domestic and foreign works on this issue. The need to conduct research on the effect of treatments with fungicidal preparations on the pigment composition in plants is dictated by the fact that modern chemical plant protection products, being physiologically active substances, can have a certain effect on plants by inhibiting or enhancing their physiological and biochemical processes.   Methods. The material for laboratory and field studies were five fungicides («Amistar Trio, CE» (125 g/l propiconazole + 100 g/l azoxystrobin + 30 g/l ciproconazole); «Triada, СSC» (140 g/l propiconazole + 140 g/l tebuconazole + 72 g/l epoxiconazole); «Folicur, CE» (250 g/l tebuconazole); «Evito T, CE» (250 g/ l tebuconazole + 180 g/ l fluoxastrobine); «Soligor, CE» (224 g/l spiroxamine + 148 g/l tebuconazole + 53 g/l protioconazole)), that are used to protect spring wheat from diseases during the growing season. To study their effect on the content of pigments in the leaf apparatus, we carried out treatments with these preparations of spring wheat varieties Daria and Leningradskaya 6 in the maximum application rate. The amount of pigments in the experimental and control variants was determined by the spectrophotometric method followed by statistical processing of the data obtained using a computer program for dispersion analysis “Diana 1”.   Results. The preparation “Triada, СSC” on the 4th day after single application on spring wheat plants of the Daria variety led to a significant decrease in the content of chlorophylls and the total amount of pigments in the leaf apparatus. Significant changes in the direction of increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments were detected on the 8th day after the 2nd treatment with “Soligor, CE” used in field experiments on the Daria variety.
Blooming Sally. Some aspects of the use of Blooming Sally (Chamaenérion angustifolium)
Authors: Nabatnikov S. A. , Martirosyan L. Yu.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Blooming Sally – (fireweed) is popular in folk medicine, which recommends a decoction of rhizomes or tea from brewed leaves for treatment of a number of diseases. Official medicine also recommends the use of fireweed leaves in some cases, although fireweed has not been included in the register of medicinal plants. Cultivation of fireweed under controlled conditions guarantees quality, but is difficult because the seeds are extremely small and easily blown away by the wind. Results of fireweed leaves fermentation, taste, aroma and content of biologically active substances cannot be standardized, as it depends on the composition of wild yeast involved in fermentation. The use of specially selected yeast strains for directed fermentation enriches the product with targeted biologically active substances.
Restoration of a tractor part by the method of electric arc metallization
Authors: Tolkachev A. A.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Tractors are distinguished by long inter-service ranges and easy maintenance. But if the tractor components are not serviced in a timely manner (oil change, filters, and so on), the resulting contamination will begin to damage the parts, and increased friction will contribute to their wear and overheating. Since there is currently an acute shortage of original spare parts and their prices are quite high, the development of technological solutions for the restoration of worn-out seats of tractor parts is relevant. One of the coating methods, namely electric arc spraying, can solve this problem.

   The purpose of the study: using the example of the drive axis of a cylindrical straight tooth gear of a “John Deere” tractor, develop a technology for restoring a worn-out seat by electric arc spraying for the installation of a bearing or an oil seal.   Methods. The brand of the axis material corresponding to the Russian analogue has been determined. The hardness of the axis base was measured with a TK-2M hardness tester. Preliminary mechanical treatment of the restored surface has been carried out. Additionally, jet-corundum treatment of the worn surface was carried out. The technology of electric arc spraying has been applied to obtain the necessary coating. Turning of the restored surface was performed until the nominal diameter of the axle seat was obtained.   Results. The technology of restoration of the axle seat by supersonic electric arc spraying has been developed. The expediency and necessity of preliminary mechanical action on the seat, consisting in threading and jet-corundum processing, before the process of supersonic electric arc spraying are established. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of the electric arc spraying method for restoring the worn-out seat of the drive axis of a cylindrical straight tooth gear in tractors. The cost of restoring one worn-out axle seat was 3,000 rubles, which is more than 10 times cheaper than the original spare part. At the same time, all the mechanical properties of the part have been preserved. It is recommended to use the method of electric arc spraying to restore the worn-out seat of the axles of all imported agricultural machines.
Development of technology for the fermented milk products for baby food
Authors: Vorobyev D. I. , Nelyubina E. G. , Avdoshkina S. A. , Alimdzhanova E. A. , Temerbaeva M. V. , Uryumtseva T. I.
Published: January 2023

Replenishment of macro- and micronutrients in case of their deficiency in the children is the leading task of modern dietetics and a fundamental factor in the children’s healthy development. The development of new types of food products can solve this task. This article presents the development of technology for production of fermented milk product for children nutrition. The option of introducing spirulina algae into a fermented milk product was experimentally investigated. On the basis of physical and chemical, rheological and organoleptic characteristics it was defined that the introduction of 2% of spirulina allows obtaining a product with acceptable physical, chemical and rheological characteristics. The organoleptic profile was corrected by adding fruit filler in volume of 20 % from the raw material mass. The conducted research made it possible to develop a fermented milk product for child nutrition, which can satisfy 10–16 % of the daily demand for nutritional elements, and which features high consumer-oriented characteristics.
Statistical scenario of labor productivity development in dairy cattle breeding of the Bryansk region
Authors: Kirdishcheva D. N. , Khokhrina O. M.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. In the context of deglobalization, economic sanctions, and the disintegration of the world economy, the most important socio-economic and political task is to ensure the food and economic security of Russia and its regions. In connection with the new demands of practice caused by the formation of the market mechanism of management, changes in the forms and methods of state support for dairy cattle farming, further research of the problem of increasing the productivity of the industry is required.   Methods. The information base of the study was the materials of regional statistics, annual reports of agricultural organizations of the regional agro-industrial complex, data from the consolidated annual report on the totality of the districts of the Bryansk region. The study was conducted on the basis of studying mass data using a set of methods: dialectical, economic-statistical, correlation-regression, computational-constructive, abstract-logical and other methods.   Results. Using statistical methods, the authors evaluated the established patterns and trends in the dynamics of labor productivity in dairy cattle farming in the Bryansk region. The growth rates of wages and labor productivity have been determined. The strategy of development of the studied indicator in the future, taking into account the factors affecting its level, is revealed. Significant factors of labor productivity growth in dairy cattle farming are the selling price of 1 ts of milk, the load of cows on 1 operator of machine milking, the stock of labor, the average monthly salary of the operator of machine milking. At the same time, the main reserves of labor productivity growth are laid down in the factors of wages and workload of dairy cattle workers. In the work, based on a multiple regression model, a forecast of labor productivity for the medium term is carried out.
Evaluation of economic efficiency of introduction of the acoustic freezing process in the frozen meals production
Authors: Bobkova E. Y. , Terentev S. E. , Vorobyev D. I. , Grigoryants I. A. , Issayeva K. S. , Mukhamejanova A. S.
Published: January 2023

The present article presents an evaluation of economic efficiency of the introduction of meals acoustic freezing. Based on the initial data, like the amount of investments, the volume of products and the main competitive advantages of the technology under consideration, the main economic indicators were calculated. It has been proved that the introduction of new technology will increase the organization’s revenue due to its capability to increase the selling prices for frozen meals with new quality properties. The profitability of the new production line accounted for 11%. The payback period for implementation of this technical solution will be less than 2.5 years. It has been proved that the technology of meals freezing with application of acoustic effects is cost-effective.
Institutional context of agricultural cooperatives functioning: regional peculiarities
Authors: Golovina S. G. , Ruchkin A. V.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. The problem of the dynamic development of agricultural cooperation is again becoming a priority item on the agenda of agricultural producers, politicians and scientists, due to new complexities and challenges of a political, climatic, biological and other nature.

   One of its points is the assessment of the quality of the institutional environment for the functioning of agrarian cooperatives, in connection with which the purpose of the study presented in the article is the review and analysis of its content, moreover, taking into account the existing regional characteristics.   Methods. To study and assess the state of formal and informal institutions that favor or restrict the activities of cooperatives, the work uses qualitative and quantitative survey and analytical methods (in particular, formal-logical, historical, cultural, comparative) and corresponding tools. At the same time, the empirical base was made up of statistical information from Rosstat and its regional body (Department of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Sverdlovsk region and the Kurgan region), as well as materials obtained as a result of sociological surveys, including in-depth interviews with agricultural producers (actual and potential participants in cooperation).   Results. The main results of the study include theoretical and applied (rigorously verified) generalizations regarding: (1) the directions and degree of influence of the institutional environment on the success of agricultural cooperatives, (2) the possibilities of transforming the institutional environment in a positive direction for cooperation, (3) options for coordinated changes in formal and informal institutions for the formation of positive trends in the development of agricultural cooperation. The main conclusion is that, while informal institutions, being conservative and immobile, significantly impede the rapid and effective formation of agricultural cooperatives in the Russian Federation, it is the formal environment, which has great potential for timely adaptation, that is able to neutralize some of the serious obstacles to successful evolution of cooperative practices in agricultural sector.
Effect of cavitated husks on the metabolome of fermentation end products, microbiome and physicochemical parameters of the rumen (in vitro)
Authors: Atlanderova K. N. , Miroshnikov S. A. , Ryazanov V. A. , Duskaev G. K. , Sheida E. V.
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Today, a significant place in the feeding of farm animals is given to such inexpensive waste from the oil extraction industry as sunflower husk. In this regard, one of the promising and modern methods for optimizing feed production can be the use of liquid media activated in various ways, in combination with ultrasonic treatment.   Materials and methods. The object of research was crushed sunflower husk (1.0 mm) (sample 1), as well as husk sonicated (cavitated) in hydromodules with water (in the ratio “husk: water” 1 : 3 (sample 2)), and with lactic acid (“husk: lactic acid” 1 : 3 (sample 3)). The obtained samples were used in in vitro studies with rumen fluid in the “Daisy D200I” incubator (“Ankom Technology”, USA). The following indicators of the exchange of nitrogenous metabolites in the cicatricial contents were determined – residual and total nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method according to the method of K. K. Akhazhanova (2016); ammonia nitrogen – by microdiffusion method according to Conway. The taxonomic composition of the scar fluid was determined by NGS-sequencing using the “MiSeq device” (“Illumina”, USA).   Research results. Data analysis showed that the use of cavitated sunflower husk increases the digestibility of dry matter by 19.0 % (Р ≤ 0.01), and cavitated together with lactic acid husk – by 20.7 % (Р ≤ 0.01) in comparison with crushed husk. When incubating cavitated sunflower husk and cavitated together with lactic acid sunflower husk, there were a decrease in the number of archaea, in particular the class Methanobacteria, by 23.73 % and 20.36 % (Р ≤ 0.05) and an increase in the number of bacteria of the phyla Bacteroidetes by 10.2 % and 11.27 %, Firmicutes – by 4.66 % and 6.86 % relative to the use of crushed husk.