bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GNSS Multipath Errors Mitigation Algorithm Based on Observation Domain for Landslide Deformation Monitoring
Authors: Haibo He , Li Wang , Bao Shu , Yaohui Zhang , Long Li
Published: November 2020

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) real-time kinematic (RTK) technology is widely used for landslide deformation monitoring due to its precision and simplicity of its algorithm. However, GNSS signals are susceptible to multipath effects under complex circumstances such as terrain and surrounding vegetation. Reducing the impact of multipath errors and improving the RTK positioning accuracy is vital in ensuring accurate landslide monitoring in mountainous regions. The traditional method based on sidereal filtering in the coordinate domain only considers comprehensive multipath errors of all satellites, and the calculated time shift of coordinate sequence is not very accurate. In this paper, a sidereal filtering algorithm based on the double-difference residual in the GNSS observation domain is used for mitigating the multipath errors of landslide deformation monitoring in mountainous regions. First, we calculate the double-difference residuals of the observation in the previous cycle. Next, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) filtering is used for denoising double-difference residual sequences. Based on the calculated period of the respective satellite, we use the residuals to correct the double-difference observation equation. Subsequently, we obtain the clean double-difference observations after mitigating multipath errors. Finally, the baseline coordinates of all monitoring stations can be calculated. The experimental results show that this method effectively improves the accuracy of GNSS landslide deformation monitoring in mountainous regions and the improved effect exceeds the traditional sidereal filtering algorithm in the coordinate domain.
Research, development, and field trial of the universal Global Navigation Satellite System receivers
Authors: ZHAO W Y , ZHANG M Z , Ma J , Qi G , Zhu S N , HUANG Z
Published: November 2020

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can provide continuous, high precision, and absolute displacement information on landslides. It can thus be used in landslide monitoring applications. However, the cost of high-precision GNSS is too high for large-scale deployment. From an application perspective, we reviewed the status and challenges of applying GNSS technology to landslide monitoring. We then investigated the data specification for a landslide monitoring GNSS receiver to better meet specified engineering requirements. We further developed prototype universal GNSS monitoring devices and deployed them in the Heitai area for testing. Approximately two months of testing indicated that the prototype universal GNSS devices well meet the engineering requirements, and the tested GNSS data are in good agreement with the crack data. The hourly monitoring GNSS solution achieves sub-millimeter level accuracy and can be used for extracting landslide information.
The study on Integrating Air Pollution Environmental Education into the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Model in Physical Education
Authors: Huo Yu-Juan , Shih Kuo-Tung , Lin Chia-Jung
Published: November 2020

The WHO International Agency for Cancer Research points out that 7 million premature deaths each year in the world are related to air pollution. In addition to the impact on human health, air pollution can also cause environmental degradation. How to raise environmental awareness is necessary to reduce air pollution. And importantly, the TPSR (The Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility) physical education curriculum focuses on cultivating personal social responsibility. How to design a physical education curriculum with air pollution environmental issues as the research purpose. In the course design, air pollution particles, PM2.5, acid rain, and fog are discussed. Through TPSR’s pre-class relationship time, conscious conversation, physical activity, group meetings, introspection time, and relationship time, the six teaching processes are used to cultivate air pollution. Recognize and prevent pollution, and shift from responsibility levels such as respect, hard work and cooperation, self-direction, and helping others to care for the surrounding environment.
A Study on Promoting Teachers’ Professional Quality to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Guo Shu-Ying , Wu Wen-Chuan , Cai Ai-Ting
Published: November 2020

This paper mainly studies how to promote the realization of sustainable development goals by improving teachers’ professional quality. Through the literature review and research of related theories, based on the existing research, and based on the DACUM method, from the three dimensions of economy, environment and society, the structure of teachers’ professional quality is connected with 17 sustainable development goals. The results of job analysis show that 13 of the 31 structural connotation items of teachers’ professional quality point to the goal of sustainable development. It can be seen that the improvement of teachers’ professional quality is of great significance to the realization of the goal of sustainable development. In this paper, 338 teachers are randomly selected as the research samples. The results of quantitative research show that the importance and self-evaluation value of 31 structural connotations of teachers’ professional quality are higher than 3.0. Among them, the self-assessment score of the connotation item pointing to the sustainable development goal is low. According to the results of the study, effective methods are selected to improve the level of teachers’ professional quality, so as to promote the realization of the goal of sustainable development.
Sustainable Development of World Cultural Heritage Tourism——Take Yungang Grottoes as an Example
Authors: Yang Bingyu
Published: November 2020

World cultural heritage is popular with tourists because of its unique resources. As one of the four largest Grottoes in China, Yungang Grottoes were listed in the world heritage list by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in 2001.Yungang Grottoes have a long history and delicate carving. The themes are mainly Buddhist statues and Buddhist stories, which integrate the Chinese and Western carving arts and have special cultural and artistic charm. However, with the continuous expansion of popularity and the increasing number of tourists, Yungang Grottoes bear more and more pressure. How to alleviate this pressure and improve the tourists’ experience has become the biggest “bottleneck” for its further sustainable development. Only by combining the protection and utilization of cultural heritage, inheritance and innovation, and by actively mobilizing the unity of the government, schools, media, citizens and tourists, can the important radiation and strong attraction of world cultural heritage be better exerted, and the sustainable development of world cultural heritage tourism culture be better promoted. Studying the sustainable development of the world cultural tourism heritage represented by Yungang Grottoes has a positive promotion and promotion effect on the healthy and stable development of China’s current tourism market.
An Empirical Study of the Government Pro-Environment Policy Leading Effects on Multi-Level Factors that Influences on People’s Green Consumption Behaviour
Authors: Yuan Tiantong , Guan Qitao , Bo Xue
Published: November 2020

Since the plastic had been launched and applied to our daily life, until today, its economic advantages made people use plastic products widely, such as cost-saving, easy to produce, stable structure, convenient, and so on. Also, the variety and quantity of plastic products have been increased to an incredible number that endangers the sustainable development of human beings. The research aims to explore the impact of government policies on consumers’ green consumption behaviors, through multi-level factors’ mediation effects that are a new environment, green technology innovation, CSR. The proposed model was tested by the participants of Chinese International Students, the population is easy to be affected by surrounding. The collected data was analyzed through Hayes’ process Model 6, and the results indicate that the government’s pro-environment policies had a positive effect on peoples’ green consumption behaviors. Besides, policies had a positive effect on CSR, and CSR had a positive effect on green technology development, which would help people form pro-environment awareness. This study contributes to the literature on how pro-environmental policies, green technology innovation effect on student’s green awareness and intention, as well as how those factors related to each other create a chain mediation effect on people’ green consumption behavior. This study provides a mechanism for the society to assist the students to form green consumption behaviors, so as enlarge to assist more people to form green habits that lead by government pro-environmental policies to reduce the use of plastic products. Meanwhile, the mechanism proposed in this research could contribute to the sustainable development goal of governing “White Trash (Plastic Garbage)”.
Using YouTube to Enhance Sustainable Management among New Generations
Authors: Chooprayoon Darunee , Sa-Ngiamwibool Amporn
Published: November 2020

Sustainable management is a global issue which becomes increasingly vital for everyone in this disruptive world. However, the issue seems vague to new generations. To educate the issue cognitively, YouTube is one of the most effective and practical tools for the new generations. This study therefore explored how YouTube enhanced cognitive learning of sustainable management. This was a mixed-method study. The samples in this study were 35 students from various fields (namely engineering, biology, agriculture, and tourism industry and hospitality management). The instruments for data elicitation included 3 short YouTube videos regarding sustainable management, pretests and posttests, observation notes, a questionnaire and an interview. Findings revealed that the samples became more conscious of the issue after viewing the videos. In addition, the learners revealed positive attitudes towards the dynamics of meaningfully and socially engaged discussion and the presentation of their cognitive learning of the issue. Future study should replicate this study with more videos to educate more insightful learning of the issue.
Community Empowerment and the Urban Poor’s Community Agricultural Garden Development
Authors: Phannan Pasrin
Published: November 2020

This article entitled “Community Empowerment and the Urban Poor’s Community Agricultural Garden Development” is about how to empower the urban poor’s community of people under the bridge to develop a community agricultural garden. These people are the urban poor who have become community researchers and participated in the learning process to develop their own potential. They also give the community a push to start a public agricultural garden. This article aims at presenting the community empowerment process to enable the community to accomplish a goal of developing a public agricultural garden, which becomes a source of safe food production and a place where good relationships among people in the community can be formed during the period of 18 months. This research study revealed that community participation in social space construction and community empowerment resulted in many valuable and productive outcomes such as waste management, transformation of a waste land to a community agricultural garden, and formation of a group to create a community agricultural garden named “Baan Poonsup’s Organic Vegetable Garden.” Evidently, such activities and learning process resulted in increased knowledge and a sense of commitment to uphold the community’s mutual mission. The role of the community of people under the bridge is upgraded as they have gained dignity as community researchers. They can use their learning potential to apply for community development funding themselves. They will not have to wait for external assistance only. The goal of long- term development is that the community agricultural garden project is a tool to develop the community’s local economy leading to a saving group that can achieve a goal of purchasing residence land from the National Housing Authority. Moreover, this agricultural garden project is supported by various government and private agencies in the form of volunteers and networks both inside and outside the community. The push to empower various urban communities to create an agricultural garden has multi-dimensional benefits.
The Implications of SCAP Students’ Personal Values and New Ecological Paradigm View on Green Behaviour: A Perspective of Ecological Man in Simplified Norm Activation Model
Authors: Yuan Tiantong , Bo Xue
Published: November 2020

The Economic Man in industrialization process regards the relationship between human-being and nature as economic relations of takes and gives, invest and produce. Thus, the economic man’s behaviours could cause the crisis of ecology. In 1950s, environment pollution broke out, environment hazard overflowed, resources exhausted, those phenomenon aroused widespread concern on environmental problems[1,2]. The conception of sustainable development was proposed in the report of the World Commission on environment and development in 1987[3]. Its definition consists of three parts: environment factor, social factor and economic factor. In the 1970s, environmentalists proposed that the industrialization process seriously damaged the environment, however, there are still no effective means to solve this problem from then to now. Owing to the increasing environment concern extend of public, the research on green behaviour in academia is expanding and deepening. With an enhancing awareness of environment protection, meanwhile, in order to detach with the ecological crisis stimulated by “economic man” awareness. In this study, hierarchical multiple regression method was used to analysis cross-sectional data collected with judgment sampling method from Chinese international students study in Study Abroad through Chinese Program (SACP), to verify that to cultivate “NEP world view” had postive mediation effect on relationship between different personal values and students’ behaviours of “sustainable development of low-carbon and energy-saving”. Students’ self-efficacy could accelerate the formation of NEP world view, while social influence able to promote students to behave green behaviours had been found in this research. These conclusions give policy makers a lot of useful enlightenment, and provide useful guidance for schools to improve students’ public environmental awareness, and for Chinese international students to carry out green behaviour in their daily life.
Assessing potential habitat of Javan Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) based on landscape characteristic in Banten Province
Authors: Suyitno R A , Syartinilia
Published: November 2020

Javan Hawk-eagle is an endangered raptor on natural forest in Java Island, Indonesia. Banten Province has six potential habitat patches based on previous research obtained from the updated of JHE habitat suitability models. The objectives of this study were to obtain landscape characteristics of potential habitat and to compare it to actual habitat characteristic based on literatures review. Data was collected through ground check activities and interviewed the key informants. Landscape characteristics were assessed through gap analysis between potential and actual habitat. Several information includes land cover, landform, slope, elevation, nest vegetation, corridor movement; human activity intensity, river, and home range were used for this study. Five levels of gap found between potential to actual habitat patches were determined from this analysis. Result showed that two patches were the highest potential, which were Mt. Karang and Mt. Aseupan in Pandeglang district. Three patches high potential (Gunung Tukung Gede Nature Reserve, Mt. Pulosari, and Mt. Honje), then one patch (South Coast) was moderately potential. Forest has dominated in six potential habitat patches with total area of 136.35 km2 (71.09 %). Only three potential habitat patches (Mt. Pulosari, Mt. Karang, Mt. Aseupan) were located in the protected forest which is covered about 20.84 km2 (9.54%). Six potential habitats JHE should be monitored continuously, increased the landscape quality, and offered conservation activities.
Diversity of raptors at different habitat in Nature Reserve/Natural Tourism Park of Kawah Kamojang, Garut, West Java
Authors: Sya’bani E N , Hernawan H , Nurjaman S , Rakhman Z
Published: November 2020

The Nature Reserve/Natural Tourism Park of Kawah Kamojang has been fragmented and degraded by population growth and regional development, as well as disturbed by illegal logging and poaching. Accordingly, its function as conservation area has largely been decreased. This condition has created differences in the occurring habitat types, from natural forests to secondary natural forests, plantation forests, farmland and grassland. The presence of raptor as top predators can be used as one of indicators in the environmental changes. This study was conducted to determine the diversity and evenness index of eagle in relation to different habitats. The study was conducted in May 2019 using descriptive methods and sampling using the IPA method. The study found five species of raptor: Spilornis cheela, Ictinaetus malayensis, Nisaetus cirrhatus, Accipiter trivirgatus and Falco molluccensis. They spread separately in each habitat type. The habitat that has a highest diversity index value was secondary natural forest (H’ = 1,434) and the lowest was plantation forest (H’ = 0). In addition, the diversity index in plantation forest and grasslands had almost the same value, (H’ = 1,389 for farmland and H’ = 1,386 for grassland). The index value indicated that eagles were more dependent on the existence of natural forests. Eagles used forest habitats to hunt, perch and breed and used open areas (farmland and grassland) for hunting.
Habitat patch connectivity of Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) in Eastern Part of Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ferlazafitri  , Syartinilia  , Mulyani Y A
Published: November 2020

Javan Hawk-eagle, JHE(Nisaetus bartelsi)is an endemic raptor species of Java Island which is currently threatened due to habitat destruction, forest fragmentation, and illegal poaching. Eastern part of Java Island is the largest remaining habitat for JHE which consisted of 28 patches with an area of 4766.26 km2. Connectivity in the landscape plays a role in facilitating inter-patch movement, and as long-term conservation of biodiversity. This study was aimed to determine the degree of connectivity between habitat patches in eastern part of Java. The patches were analyzed using conefor sensonide 2.6 to determine the probability of connectivity between patches using connectivity indices. Three fractions namely PCintra, Pcflux, Pccon were used for determine the connectivity index. The results showed that seven patches were identified as core patches which was 70.32% (2965.94 km2) located inside the protected area. Thirteen patches that had PCcon under 10% as stepping stones among the patches around them. There were eight patches isolated from other patches because they had PCconnector = 0, and small patch size for supporting viable JHE population. These results will be useful for decision makers to decide the conservation priorities action in order to maintain the connectivity habitat of JHE in eastern part of Java.
Phylogenetic study of Changeable Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus) based on cytochrome-c oxydase subunit I (COI) gene as one of the conservation efforts in genetic diversity
Authors: Rifaldo Y , Mandasari D A , Rahmawati D N , Krisdayana R , Salehah F , Retnaningtyas R W , Suhadi  , Listyorini D
Published: November 2020

The wide distribution and abundance of Changeable Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus) across Southeast Asia has prompted several subspecies, namely N. c. cirrhatus, N. c. ceylanensis, N. c. andamanensis, N. c. limnaeetus and N. c. vanheurni. Despite their declining population trend due to anthropogenic threats such as illegal wildlife trading and deforestation, this species is still categorized as least concern. Therefore, in light of determining the management unit for conservation endeavour, and to reveal their phylogenetic relationships within species, a thorough phylogenetic using COI gene as a preliminary research is urgently needed. The main objectives of this study were to obtain COI gene sequences of 5 individuals (4 intermediated phase and 1 dark phase) eagles and to construct their phylogenetic tree. The stages of this research were extraction and quantification of DNA blood cells of Changeable Hawk-eagle, amplification of DNA by applying PCR method using COI gene specific primers, electrophoresis on 0.8% agarose gel and DNA sequencing by First Base Laboratories, Malaysia. The DNA sequence analysis was carried out using a MEGAX software with Neighbour Joining (NJ) method. Based on COI gene sequence, N. cirrhatus forming a species complex which was indicated by a monophyletic clade with smaller branches with different bootstrap values in NJ tree. Therefore, N. cirrhatus is closely related to N. phillippensis. In addition to enrich the genetic data of N. cirrhatus, this paper could be one effort to understand genetic diversity among eagles in the world.
Sources of DNA and amplification of COI gene of Changeable Hawk-eagle Nisaetus cirrhatus (J.F. Gmelin 1788)
Authors: Pharmawati M , Yuni L P E K
Published: November 2020

The mitochondrial gene of cytochrome c oxidase I(COI)has been commonly used in population genetics, systematics, phylogeography as well as DNA barcoding of many animal species including birds. This study aimed to evaluate the sources of DNA and condition of PCR reaction for amplification ofCOIgene of changeable hawk-eagle(Nisaetus cirrhatusGmelin, JF, 1788). DNA was extracted from single fresh plucked feather and from cloacal swab of five individuals. The DNA extraction was conducted using Geneaid™ DNA Isolation Kit (Tissue). Amplification ofCOIgene was done in a reaction mixture containing 1x PCR buffer, 0.2mM dNTP, 2mM to 3mM MgCl2, 1μM of each forward and reverse primers, 1μl to 3.5μl DNA template, 1U taq polymerase and H2O to reach a total volume of 20μl The PCR cycles were 95°C for 1 minute followed by 5 cycles of 95°C for 1 minute, 45°C for 1.5 minutes, and 72°C for 1.5 minutes. This was followed by 30 cycles of 1 minute at 95°C, 1.5 minutes at 50°C, and 1.5 minute at 72°C. One cycle of a final extension was done for 5 minutes at 72°C. The amplification products were visualised using agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that DNA extracted from feather had higher concentration than from cloacal swab. Moreover, DNA extracted from plucked feather demonstrated better amplification product with the fragment size of 750bp. The volume of DNA template from plucked feather that resulted in reproducible amplification product was 3.5 μl and the MgCl2 concentration was 3mM.
Use of swab for DNA sampling from confiscated raptors for molecular sexing
Authors: Yuda P , Kinanti R A , Wijaya A
Published: November 2020

The objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of using swab to collect tracheal and cloacal epithelial cells of confiscated raptor bird for genetic studies. Commercial swab kits were used to collect samples from 34 individuals of 10 raptor species, and as comparison blood samples from the same individual were also analyzed. FavorPrep™ Blood Genomic DNA Extraction Mini Kit dan FavorPrep™ Tissue Genomic DNA Extraction Mini Kit were used respectively to extract DNA from blood and epithelial cells. All DNA extracted from blood were successfully amplified for assignment of sex. On the other hand, the DNA extracted from buccal and cloacal swabs were only respectively 71% and 9% successfully amplified. This result suggests the potential used of buccal swabs for genetics studies of raptor, with further optimization for a better result.
The assessment of tourism carrying capacity in Lombok Island
Authors: Faiz S A , Komalasari R I
Published: November 2020

Lombok Island has been established as a super-priority destination and it will be directed as a driver for other tourism destinations in Indonesia. Based on that condition, the number of tourists in Lombok Island is projected to increase significantly. As the destinations that provide natural-based experiences, Lombok Island is designed to create ecotourism and sustainable tourism development. It needs to balance between increasing the number of tourists’ arrival with the environmental capability of each destination as well as to develop tourism control and management. The tourism carrying capacity is one of the popular methods which was developed by Cifuentes in 1992. This method was used to assess the maximum capacity of 40 priority destinations in Lombok Island with 4 main calculations such as tourism carrying capacity assumption, Basic Carrying Capacity (BCC), Potential Carrying Capacity (PCC), and Real Carrying Capacity (RCC). The result of the overall tourism carrying capacity in Lombok Island is 50,523 tourists/day or 18,440,945 tourists/year. Selong Belanak Beach has the highest tourism carrying capacity of 1,452,374 tourists/year and Jeruk Manis waterfall has the lowest tourism carrying capacity of 28,705 tourists/year. It can be concluded that tourism development in Lombok Island must pay attention to the destination with limited carrying capacity which most of them are in the protected area. All the results of tourism carrying capacity can be used as input for tourism development policies for the government. Besides, the stakeholders also must consider tourism carrying capacity to create and to realize sustainable ecotourism in Lombok Island.
Study of regional regulation on “Kawasan Bandung Utara” impact on flood discharges from the perspective of spatial variations of extreme precipitation in Bandung basin
Authors: Harmadianto C B T , Suwarman R , Riawan E , Nugraha P , Simanjuntak Y S M
Published: November 2020

This research was built from the probability of shifting urbanization patterns as a result of the Regional Regulation about Northern Bandung Region (Perda KBU). Moreover, extreme precipitation in the Bandung Basin not only happens in KBU but also varies spatially. The probability of urbanization shifting and spatial variation of extreme precipitation can increase flood discharge in other places. Three stages to understand how the spatial variations of extreme precipitation and land use affect flood discharge in Bandung Basin, namely: 1) Extreme precipitation data processing, 2) Land-use data processing, and 3) Hydrology Model simulation using HEC-HMS. Urbanization shifting to north non-KBU and east areas occurs as an impact of Perda KBU. It significantly affects flood discharge in the east area but relatively no impact in the north non-KBU area. Additionally, despite extreme precipitation frequency and volume, the south area has the biggest value. It opens the possibility that the South Bandung area has the potential to be the biggest contributor to Bandung Basin discharge. Therefore, flood study in the south area is needed as a priority.
The impacts of infrastructure development on economic growth (case study: DKI Jakarta, Banten Province and West Java Province)
Authors: Novitasari F , Drestalita N C , Maryati S
Published: November 2020

This research investigates the impacts of infrastructure development on economic growth. The scope of this study includes all regencies and cities in three provinces, namely West Java, DKI Jakarta, and Banten. These provinces are chosen because of their strong connection between economic activities and infrastructure. The method combines the analysis of regional economic growth with regional infrastructure development. Regional economic growth in every city/regency of the three provinces is measured by the Share of GDP, Human Development Index (HDI), and Head Count Index (HCI) of poverty. Infrastructure is defined by transportation (road), sanitation, electricity, clean water, educational facilities, medical facilities, and waste infrastructure. This research uses multiple regression to analyze the impact of infrastructure indicators on regional economic growth. This research is expected to contribute to science, especially in the area of Regional and City Planning. The results of this research are infrastructure indicators with significant impacts on economic growth indicators, both positive and negative.
Partnership scheme for BIJB Kertajati West Java International Airport
Authors: Naipospos B , Rahmah U A , Muthia A
Published: November 2020

This article aims to explore how the communication among actors and institutions being initiated to decide the partnership schemes for Kertajati Airport in West Java which is identified as an exercising authentic dialogue communication concept. The decision making to select what kind of partnership scheme to be the best for Kertajati Airport is a process to establish. An effective communicative planning approach in an infrastructure development process using the partnership scheme is a critical point in an airport planning. Developing an airport needs a huge significant number and long term of investment to make it required tedious communication to negotiate. Some actors at the steering committee interacts to find the best solution to what kind of partnership is fit to be adopted for a better future. It takes five years of intensive communication among some government institutions and between executives and legislatures partners to decide the selected partnership schemes. In May 2018 the Kertajati Airport officially operated, but until today the dilemma of how to monitor and evaluate the operation scheme still inappropriate to discuss because on fact unanticipated low traffic demand is prevailed until now. Building a communication between actors in a very complex system should be done not only by authentic dialogue [1] 2010 but also by a political transaction.
Spatial transformation in urban periphery: the case of Yogyakarta
Authors: Devi M K , Gorman Y H , Hidayati S R
Published: November 2020

The development of Yogyakarta has created large impacts on its urban periphery areas. Trickle-down effects for the surrounding development trigger the emergence of spatial transformation in Yogyakarta’s urban peripheries. This study intends to identify spatial transformation in Yogyakarta’s urban peripheral by using the spatial analysis method which obtained from the land-use satellite map. Transformation measurement utilizes land use, total population, and economic growth variables in the last ten years (2007-2017). Results show that a spatial transformation was reported from the land use aspect, accounted for 15.22%, due to the reduction in agricultural land due to conversion into the constructed land area, up to 22,82%. From the land use map, the pattern of land-use changes in urban peripheries occurs along with the transportation networks. Population growth and economic growth also showed increasing rates at 5,06% and 9%, respectively. From all variables used in the analysis, it is interesting to find that majority of the urban periphery areas in Yogyakarta experiences a low transformation level, mostly located in the Sleman regency. Furthermore, this study provides several insights from the spatial transformations in the urban periphery to conceive some urban policies regarding urban agglomeration.
Urban renewal concept at slum-flat complex area by applying revitalization program
Authors: Alam A G , Priambada K , Tambunan R A , Rahadian J
Published: November 2020

Established a couple of decades ago, a well-worn low stories apartments in the middle heart of a big city especially occupied by low-middle income societies that become slum-residential areas are the main problem that affects many sectors such as social welfare, security, education, people’s living standard, and economic growth, so it needs to be concerned. Urban renewal program with the revitalization model is an alternative solution, but the challenges are quite difficult, especially in occupants society negotiations to achieve their agreement and understanding. In this renewal program, existed occupants are pleased to be relocated out, so their apartments can be demolished, and new high-rise building apartment and commercialize towers within will be established. After the new buildings are finished, every previous occupant will receive a new single unit which its equal-area must be similar like previous apartments. The program funding is designed to be financed by the profit of other commercialized units. As a result, well-developed occupants will leave easily their previous apartments and get their house renewed, so this method easily becomes a role model for accelerating national urban housing and development programs, especially in the urban revitalization area. Thus, better well-being and social justice can be continued and provided by multi-involvement between existed occupants, landlords, developers, and government without inflicting losses in business and economic growth.
Is Jakarta a child-friendly city?
Authors: Drianda R P , Kesuma M
Published: November 2020

The Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area consists of 3 regencies and five cities, making it the second-largest conurbation in the world. The city is grappling with massive environmental issues and rampant social problems that give a rise to a child-unfriendly city. Jakarta is not only unfriendly to the lower-class children but also the higher-class groups. The disconnected transportation network has rendered families, especially those from the middle to high-income groups, to rely on private vehicles for their daily mobility. Due to this situation, children might spend more time on car rides or child-care services such as daycare or domestic nanny. The government has been trying to improve the Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area’s child-friendly city by creating some child-friendly city policies and interventions. But how effective are they to resolve the current issues faced by many Jakartan families? Through this article, we intend to identify families’ everyday problems in Jakarta to meet the juggle demands and assess the effectiveness of those policies to resolve the daily issues faced by families in Jakarta. The data were collected through document analysis, internet-based data collection, and in-depth online interviews with 16 respondents living in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The findings indicated several improvements that Jakarta needs to address to provide a child-friendly environment for its residents.
The effectiveness of inclusive playground usage for children through behavior-setting approach in Tembalang, Semarang city
Authors: Ristianti N S , Widjajanti R
Published: November 2020

Playgrounds as urban public spaces are intended to explore cognitive, motoric, and social interaction abilities. Playgrounds must be inclusive as a justice space for children to create effective usage of playgrounds through a behavior-setting approach. In 2018, Semarang City received an award as an Intermediate Child-Friendly City. Tembalang is one of the areas in Semarang City with children growth of about 44% of the total population of Tembalang in 2018. In Tembalang, there are nine playground locations as the focus of this research. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of inclusive playground usage for children through the behavior-setting approach in Tembalang. The research method is quantitative descriptive. It is conducted by interviewing children as users to assess playground effectiveness usage based on the connection with nature, physical activities, and social interaction aspects. Based on the analysis, it shows that the playgrounds are not effective based on the connection with natural aspect; 40% children cannot see animal activities (such as flying birds, swimming fish, and jumping frogs) and they cannot play with natural responsive material (such as playing sands, fishing, making tree music, and throwing stones into the water). On the other hand, the playgrounds have already been used effectively based on the physical activities aspect; 51% of children can run around, jump around, and play in the playground zone. Likewise, based on the social interaction aspect, it is indicated that the playgrounds have already been used effectively; 53% of children can create meeting ground and space for children’s learning to greet each other. As a result, the effectiveness of inclusive playground usage in Tembalang still needs to improve to be sustainable to accommodate children’s activities in urban public spaces.
Building the resilience of rural creative entrepreneurship through leadership concept: the case of Kaliabu, Indonesia
Authors: Krismiyaningsih E , Mendrofa M J S , Juwita  , Arifianto A , Fahmi F Z
Published: November 2020

This paper proposes a local leadership model that encourages the resilience of creative entrepreneurship in rural areas. Creative entrepreneurship faces various challenges that force them to be resilient in facing the global market competition. In the creative entrepreneur community in rural areas, the role of the leader is very important in triggering the creativity and transformation of the community. A case study on the entrepreneurship community of logo designers in Kaliabu Village shows that they suffer from business discontinuity due to market competition. Learning from this case, we propose the concept of transformational creative leadership as a solution to building resilience in creative entrepreneurship. This concept combines transformational leadership and creative leadership theories which are considered capable of encouraging entrepreneurial innovation and creativity through creative processes so that creative entrepreneurial resilience can be achieved.
Digitalizing rural entrepreneurship: towards a model of Pangalengan digital agropolitan development
Authors: Savira M , Fahmi F Z
Published: November 2020

Digital technologies and infrastructures in rural areas offer an opportunity to foster the development of agricultural sector, as they can open up the access to information needed for the development of this sector. However, rural communities might not merely have the capabilities to take advantage of the digital technologies. This study aims to develop a framework for fostering entrepreneurial abilities in agribusinesses in Pangalengan agropolitan area, Bandung Regency. Pangalengan has agricultural potentials, but the local communities have not been able to use digital technology to increase the added value of agricultural products and expand marketing. A case study approach was used to compare the conditions in Pangalengan with some good practices in other regions, namely the Kintamani rural area, in Bali, in which coffee farmers have utilized digital technologies and the internet in gaining new knowledge about production and distribution of the agricultural product. In our model, we proposed a mechanism for developing the digital literacy and entrepreneurial capacity in the community so that they can utilize digital technologies in the agricultural sector.
Alternate histories of cytokinesis: lessons from the trypanosomatids
Authors: Campbell Paul C. , de Graffenried Christopher L.
Published: November 2020

Popular culture has recently produced several “alternate histories” that describe worlds where key historical events had different outcomes. Beyond entertainment, asking “could this have happened a different way?” and “what would the consequences be?” are valuable approaches for exploring molecular mechanisms in many areas of research, including cell biology. Analogous to alternate histories, studying how the evolutionary trajectories of related organisms have been selected to provide a range of outcomes can tell us about the plasticity and potential contained within the genome of the ancestral cell. Among eukaryotes, a group of model organisms has been employed with great success to identify a core, conserved framework of proteins that segregate the duplicated cellular organelles into two daughter cells during cell division, a process known as cytokinesis. However, these organisms provide relatively sparse sampling across the broad evolutionary distances that exist, which has limited our understanding of the true potential of the ancestral eukaryotic toolkit. Recent work on the trypanosomatids, a group of eukaryotic parasites, exemplifies alternate historical routes for cytokinesis that illustrate the range of eukaryotic diversity, especially among unicellular organisms.
Efficacy of Self-Administered Intranasal Oxytocin on Alcohol Use and Craving After Detoxification in Patients With Alcohol Dependence. A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Melby Katrine , Gråwe Rolf W , Aamo Trond O , Skovlund Eva , Spigset Olav
Published: November 2020

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of self-administered intranasal oxytocin on alcohol dependence after detoxification.

Methods

In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 38 patients fulfilling the criteria for ICD-10 diagnosis of alcohol dependence received either 8 IU oxytocin or placebo at their own discretion up to thrice daily for 4 weeks, after completing detoxification. Primary outcome was alcohol intake specified as the amount of alcohol consumed, the number of days to relapse into alcohol use and the proportion of subjects relapsing. Secondary outcomes were self-reported symptoms of craving, sleep and mental distress.

Results

There were no significant differences between the oxytocin group and the placebo group in daily alcohol intake in total (mean 1.3 ± 2.9 vs. 2.0 ± 5.0 units; P = 0.63) or on drinking days (mean 8.4 ± 2.7 vs. 7.7 ± 6.0 units; P = 0.76), in the number of days until relapse (P = 0.91) or in the proportion of subjects relapsing (37.5 vs. 41.2%; P = 0.84). Neither were there any statistically significant differences in any other outcomes, except a larger decrease in self-reported nervousness in the oxytocin group (P = 0.022).

Conclusion

The results were inconclusive as to whether intranasal oxytocin reduced the time to relapse, degree of craving or total amount of alcohol consumed after detoxification. However, the oxytocin group had a larger decrease in self-reported nervousness.
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Risk of Pneumococcal Coinfection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Prospective National Cohort Study, England
Authors: Amin-Chowdhury Zahin , Aiano Felicity , Mensah Anna , Sheppard Carmen L , Litt David , Fry Norman K , Andrews Nick , Ramsay Mary E , Ladhani Shamez N
Published: November 2020

Background

Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection with influenza results in synergistic lethality, but there are limited data on pneumococcal coinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods

Public Health England conducts invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in England. IPD trends during 2000/2001–2019/2020 epidemiological years were analyzed and cases during February–June 2020 linked with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess risk factors for death.

Results

IPD incidence in 2019/2020 (7.6/100 000; n = 3964) was 30% (IRR, .70; 95% CI, .18–2.67) lower compared with 2018/2019 (10.9/100 000; n = 5666), with large reductions observed across all age groups during March–June 2020. There were 160 886 SARS-CoV-2 and 1137 IPD cases during February–June 2020, including 40 IPD/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) co-infections (.025% [95% CI, .018–.034] of SARS-CoV-2 infections; 3.5% [2.5–4.8] of IPD cases), 21 with COVID-19 diagnosed 3–27 days after IPD, and 27 who developed COVID-19 ≥28 days after IPD. Case-fatality rates (CFRs) were 62.5 (25/40), 47.6% (10/21), and 33.3% (9/27), respectively (P < .001). In addition to an independent association with increasing age and serotype group, CFR was 7.8-fold (95% CI, 3.8–15.8) higher in those with IPD/COVID-19 coinfection and 3.9-fold (95% CI, 1.4–10.7) higher in patients who developed COVID-19 3–27 days after IPD compared with patients with IPD only.

Conclusions

Large declines in IPD were observed following COVID-19 lockdown. IPD/COVID-19 coinfections were rare but associated with high CFR, mainly in older adults. The rarity, age and serotype distribution of IPD/COVID-19 coinfections do not support wider extension of pneumococcal vaccination.
Defoliation by Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) Induces Differential Delayed Induction of Trichomes in Two Birch Species
Authors: Matsuki Sawako , Toki Rika , Watanabe Yoko , Masaka Kazuhiko
Published: November 2020

Outbreaks of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar japonica Motschulsky) cause serious defoliation in birch. A single year of defoliation has no significant impact on the trees, whereas continuous defoliation events could be fatal. How birch species avoid serious damage caused by gypsy moth outbreak is yet to be revealed. Trichomes on leaf surfaces of birch trees are an effective antiherbivore defense strategy. We examined a 1-yr delayed induction of glandular (GT) and nonglandular trichomes (NGT) on leaf surfaces caused by stress in white birch (Betula platyphylla Sukaczev var. japonica [Miq.] Hara) and monarch birch (Betula maximowicziana Regel). Saplings were subjected to four treatments in June 2009: herbivory (50% of the leaf area was grazed by gypsy moths), mechanical cutting (50% of the leaf area was cut using scissors), shading (50% light shading with a black sheet), and control (covered with a net to prevent herbivory). Then, the density of GT and NGT on early leaves was determined in April 2010. In both birch species, the density of GT was higher in herbivory than in other treatments. The density of GT due to mechanical cutting was higher than that in the control, but only for white birch. However, the density of NGT was lower after mechanical cutting than in other treatments for white birch. There were no differences in the density of NGT among treatments for monarch birch. These results show that 1-yr delayed induction of GT by herbivory was stronger in white birch than in monarch birch.
The Patterns of Caregiving Activities for Family Caregivers of Older Adults in Hong Kong: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Huang Jing , Chau Pui Hing , Choi Edmond Pui Hang , Wu Bei , Lou Vivian W Q
Published: November 2020

Objectives

This study identified the classes (i.e., patterns) of caregivers’ activities, based on their engagements in caregiving activities, and explored the characteristics and the caregiver burden of these classes.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey on the profiles of family caregivers of older adults in Hong Kong. A latent class analysis approach was adopted to classify family caregivers (N = 932) according to their routine involvements in 17 daily caregiving activities: 6 activities of daily living (ADLs) and 8 instrumental activities of daily living activities (IADLs) in addition to emotional support, decision making, and financial support. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression illuminated the characteristics of the classes and compared their levels of caregiver burden.

Results

The family caregivers fell into 5 classes: All-Round Care (High Demand, 19.5%), All-Round Care (Moderate Demand, 8.2%), Predominant IADLs Care (High Demand, 23.8%), Predominant IADLs Care (Moderate Demand, 32.5%), and Minimal ADLs and IADLs Care (Low Demand, 16.0%). These classes exhibited different characteristics in terms of care recipients’ cognitive statuses and caregiver backgrounds. The levels of caregiver burden differed across classes; the All-Round Care (High Demand) class experienced the highest levels of caregiver burden.

Discussion

This study contributes to existing scholarship by turning away from a predefined category of care tasks to explore the patterns of caregiving activities. By identifying caregiving activity patterns and understanding their associated characteristics and caregiver burden, prioritizing and targeting caregiver support interventions better is possible.