bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miniaturised quadrature hybrid coupler using composite planar transmission lines
Authors: Tian Haiyan , Chung Kwok L. , Liu Ruiqi , Dai Mingfu , Tang Wenzhong
Published: July 2019

In this Letter, a novel miniaturisation technique for a 3‐dB quadrature hybrid coupler is described. The revolutionary structure is composed of folded microstrip lines and folded coplanar waveguides that are printed on the top‐ and bottom‐surfaces of a dielectric substrate, respectively. The two different planar lines are connected by copper vias to form the double‐path composite microstrip‐coplanar waveguide (CMCPW) line. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique, a simple yet miniaturised hybrid coupler is devised by introducing folded S‐shaped CMCPW‐lines, wherein their lengths are gradually changed to address the design goals. The simulated and measured results of the proposed coupler validate its good performance metrics in the amplitude responses of power splitting, return‐ and insertion‐loss. Moreover, its isolation and quadrature phase between outputs have been examined. A very small footprint size of 0.0667λ0 × 0.0667λ0 at 0.5 GHz has been realised.
Multi‐feature radar signal modulation recognition based on improved PSO algorithm
Authors: Gao Jing‐Peng , Shen Liang‐Xi , Ye Fang , Wang Shang‐Yue , Zhang Ran
Published: July 2019

In order to solve the problem that radar emitter signal modulation recognition under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) has difficulty in selecting the parameters of the classifier and the problem of low recognition rate caused by the improper selection of features, a multi‐feature fusion modulation recognition algorithm based on improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm uses Choi–Williams distribution time–frequency analysis to transform the radar signals into time–frequency images, and combines transfer learning and principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the transfer features. Then it extracts the Renyi entropy and AR model coefficients of the signals and combines with the image features to realise multi‐feature fusion. Finally, the improved PSO algorithm optimises support vector machine parameters so that population converge quickly. The simulation results show that the recognition rate of this algorithm is 95.3% when the SNR is 0 dB. The number of iterations of this algorithm is small, the signal recognition rate of the system is improved, and the effectiveness of the system is improved by applying PCA.
Molecular gas and dust properties of galaxies from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey
Authors: Herrero-Illana R. , Privon G. C. , Evans A. S. , Díaz-Santos T. , Pérez-Torres M. Á. , U V. , Alberdi A. , Iwasawa K. , Armus L. , Aalto S. , Mazzarella J. , Chu J. , Sanders D. B. , Barcos-Muñoz L. , Charmandaris V. , Linden S. T. , Yoon I. , Frayer D. T. , Inami H. , Kim D.-C. , Borish H. J. , Conway J. , Murphy E. J. , Song Y. , Stierwalt S. , Surace J.
Published: July 2019

We present IRAM-30 m Telescope 12CO and 13CO observations of a sample of 55 luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) in the local universe. This sample is a subset of the Great Observatory All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS), for which we use ancillary multi-wavelength data to better understand their interstellar medium and star formation properties. Fifty-three (96%) of the galaxies are detected in 12CO, and 29 (52%) are also detected in 13CO above a 3σ level. The median full width at zero intensity (FWZI) velocity of the CO line emission is 661 km s−1, and ∼54% of the galaxies show a multi-peak CO profile. Herschel photometric data is used to construct the far-IR spectral energy distribution of each galaxy, which are fit with a modified blackbody model that allows us to derive dust temperatures and masses, and infrared luminosities. We make the assumption that the gas-to-dust mass ratio of (U)LIRGs is comparable to local spiral galaxies with a similar stellar mass (i.e., gas/dust of mergers is comparable to their progenitors) to derive a CO-to-H2 conversion factor of ⟨α⟩ = 1.8−0.8+1.3 M⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1; such a value is comparable to that derived for (U)LIRGs based on dynamical mass arguments. We derive gas depletion times of 400 − 600 Myr for the (U)LIRGs, compared to the 1.3 Gyr for local spiral galaxies. Finally, we re-examine the relationship between the 12CO/13CO ratio and dust temperature, confirming a transition to elevated ratios in warmer systems.
Establishing the interrelation of the main influencing factors on the safety of methane-air mixture transportation
Authors: Ahaiev Ruslan , Dudlia Kateryna , Prytula Dmytro
Published: July 2019

The computing of the pipeline diameter and the decision of a vacuum pump for capturing methane-air mixture from underground wells in a real mine are presented in the article. The safety conditions for transportation of methane-air mixture are presented. The relationship between mining and mining and geological factors using regression analysis are established. These factors affect the transportation of methane-air mixture safety. The results of the work can be used in the projecting of underground degassing systems in the development of coal deposits and methane production.
Rigidity of elastic shell of rubber-cable belt during displacement of cables relatively to drum
Authors: Belmas Ivan , Kogut Peter , Kolosov Dmytro , Samusia Volodymyr , Onyshchenko Serhii
Published: July 2019

Analytical dependencies for determining the rigidity and parameters of a stress-strain state of a rubber layer located between the cables and the drum from their mutual shear are established in a closed form. A method of determining the dispersion of deviation of calculated displacements from established values of elastic shell material is developed. Obtained results allow considering the shape of an elastic layer of rubber, estimate the level of reliability of the results when calculating a stress-strain state of rubber-cable tractive elements from the shear of cables relatively to the drum. Established dependencies can be used for determining a stress-strain state of a layer of elastic material, caused by shear of cables relatively to the drum of a machine, and formulating the condition of strength of a rubber-cable tractive element loaded with shear forces on a drum. Possibility of determination of a lower boundary of the efficiency coefficient in a process of interaction of a rubber-cable rope (belt) with pulleys and drums, both driving and driven, lined with elastic materials and with hard operating surfaces, allows improving the accuracy of calculations of drives of lifting and transporting machines with such executing elements.
Prediction of changes in the state of the geological environment in the mining region
Authors: Bubnova Olena
Published: July 2019

The mining industry is fundamental in the violation of the natural environment and the creation of technogenic. Due to the fact that the natural, disturbed and technogenic environments are in direct contact with each other, there are a number of interrelations between them that affect the general state of the environment. It is shown that the interaction of disturbed and technogenic arrays with the natural geological environment leads to the development of negative processes in the form of landslides, flooding and drainage of territories. In turn, these negative processes lead to the formation of secondary disturbances in the natural environment and directly in disturbed and technogenic arrays - additional sedimentation and deformation of rocks, the formation of dips. The main reason for the development of such hazardous processes is the violation of the hydrogeological regime in the vast territories adjacent to the mine workings. Studies of the hydrogeological and hydrological regimes in disturbed and technogenic arrays are given. The processes of landslide formation and their causes in quarries and in dumps of enterprises mining various types of minerals are considered.
Determination of dependencies of dehydration of thermal power plants’ ash and slag waste from equipment parameters
Authors: Cholyshkina Valentyna , Kostyria Serhii
Published: July 2019

Complex processing of ash and slag from coal-fired thermal power plants attracts a lot of attention. Waste processing will reduce the load on existing storage facilities, to return unburned coal to the boilers of power plants, to obtain a valuable raw material resource for construction, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. At all thermal power plants of Ukraine utilization and storage of ash and slag is carried out by hydraulic method. Therefore, for all processing technologies relevant the dehydration of fine-disperse raw material. The article presents the results of laboratory tests of a new device for dehydration of ash and slag waste. It uses a set of influences on raw material: the overlay of vibration oscillations, the electric field and vacuumizing. By the method of pair linear correlations it is obtained that the dependence of moisture on each of the variable parameters has a weak nonlinear character. The exact and approximate multiple regression equations for the practical assessment of moisture under the combined action of all variable factors are obtained. With the size of the raw material + 0.63 – 0.05 mm, it allows to reduce the moisture from 30 to 9 %.
The electromagnetic radiation of extremely compressed coals
Authors: Diakun Roman
Published: July 2019

The article investigates the nature of changes in the level of radiation and absorption of electromagnetic oscillations by coal samples that are in an extremely stressful state. When performing the work, a stand of studying electromagnetic oscillations was assembled for different levels of compression stress of the rock. The results of changes in the amplitude of electromagnetic oscillations in the frequency range 0.5-1.5 and 66–110 MHz for different values of compressive stresses of coal samples are given. It is shown that before the destruction of an extremely compressed coal sample, the level of electromagnetic oscillations decreases by a factor of 3 or more. This phenomenon can be used to predict sudden outbursts of coal and gas. It has been established that exposure to electromagnetic radiation of low energy intensity on the rock in the frequency range 0.5–1.5 and 66–110 MHz can be used as a tool for changing the stress-strain state of the rock in the modes of resonance of electromagnetic oscillations of the system “technogenic source of electromagnetic radiation — extremely stressful rock”.
Dynamics of vibratory partitioned feeders for the uranium ore drawing and feeding
Authors: Dyrda Vitalii , Kobets Anatolii , Pukhalskyi Viktor , Kozub Yurii , Chernii Oleksandr
Published: July 2019

In this paper, the authors consider dynamics of partitioned vibratory feeders with rubber elastic couplings. Use of vibratory feeders (including partitioned ones) and schemes for the ore vibrating drawing, feeding and loading in underground conditions allowed to mechanize one of the most time-consuming and dangerous processes of uranium ore mining and to solve the following problems: to improve effectiveness of the lumpy rock mass drawing and loading by 2.5-3 times; to increase intensity of mining operations and reduce life of the excavation blocks and horizons; to reduce labor intensity and cut cost of the process of ore drawing and loading; to improve uniformity of the rock-mass outflowing from the discharge opening and to reduce by 3-5 times frequency of the large-lump material freezing (use of partitioned feeders reduces number of freezes by 25-60 times); to increase size of commercial lump panels; practically to exclude traumas during the process of ore drawing and loading (usually, it presents 30-60 % of all traumas caused by the underground operations); to mechanize process of ore drawing and loading, and to create conditions for implementation of low-waste cyclic-and-continuous mining technology.
New methodical approaches to justify selection explosive for destruction of solid rocks
Authors: Ishchenko Kostiantyn , Us Svitlana , Ishchenko Oleksii , Koba Dmytro
Published: July 2019

The article developed a mathematical model to justify selection the type of explosive for destruction of solid rocks. The problem is solved using the analytical hierarchy method (AHM). In the process, many criteria, both quantitative and qualitative, were considered, their importance in selecting the type of explosives and their consistency with the opinions of experts. The following indicators were used as criteria: technological, economic, social, environmental, etc. According to the results, priority vectors were obtained for each hierarchy, which contributed to a reasonable approach to selection type of explosives. The established priorities made it possible to carry out a systematic approach to solve the problem, considering not only technological advantages, but also the costs of using various types of explosives. The factors characterizing the costs in the formation of well charges with various types of explosives are also considered. The results of mathematical modeling showed the adequacy of chosen model for selection of alternative types of explosives for the destruction of solid rocks of complex structure.
Uranium (VI) sorption from sulphuric solutions by AM-p-2 anionite
Authors: Korovin Vadym , Valiaiev Oleksandr , Zontov Oleksandr , Zontova Larysa , Pilchyk Volodymyr , Pysmennyi Borys
Published: July 2019

Research results were presented for equilibrium and kinetics of uranium sorption by AM-p-2 strong-base anionite from model sulphuric solution. Kinetic experimental data agreed with the pseudo second-order model while equilibrium ones – with the modified Langmuir-Freundlich equation. Testing of the anionite including sorption-desorption process operations used at uranium-mining industrial facilities showed that the resin had high sorption-desorption characteristics.
Theoretical substantiation of the explosive crushing of particles of tungsten-cobalt alloys
Authors: Kurinnyi Volodymyr , Harkusha Ihor , Musiienko Serhii
Published: July 2019

The mechanisms of the processes occurring during the explosive crushing and softening of pieces of solid tungsten-cobalt alloys are considered. The parameters of the stress field required for their effective destruction are recorded. The estimation of the duration of the process of destruction in a given section of the explosive charge is carried out. A method is proposed for calculating the A and m coefficients in the Theta impact shock compressibility equation for tungsten-cobalt alloys and their value for the TC8 alloy is obtained. The parameters of strong compression waves in the TC8 alloy and steel at pressures in detonation products of 5 and 1 GPa are estimated in cases of perpendicular and tangential wave incidence on the surface of the piece. The analysis of the processes occurring in a steel pipe filled with explosives and pieces of TC8 alloy was carried out. The work obtained the results needed by experimenters and explosives practitioners for developing designs of crushing charges for pieces of tungsten-cobalt alloys.
Calculation of degassing networks taking into account the accumulation of the liquid phase
Authors: Novikov Leonid , Bokii Oleksandr
Published: July 2019

The issue of accounting for the accumulation of liquid in the mine degassing network during gas-dynamic calculations is considered. Geometry of fluid accumulation in the cross section of degassing pipeline and the formulas for geometric parameters are presented. A scheme of wave generation on the liquid surface is considered. Dependence for the coefficient of resistance to interfacial friction on the liquid surface is proposed. Formulas for calculation of gas-dynamic parameters on the pipeline section are given. The results calculation of the resistance coefficients in the place accumulation of liquid, changes in flow and pressure of the gas mixture are presented. Calculations carried out for pipelines with accumulations of liquid.
Theoretical aspects of monitoring synergistic processes in the rock massif
Authors: Palamarchuk Tetiana
Published: July 2019

In this article, the grounds for considering of rocks massif as a nonlinear medium with dissipative properties have been shown that as a result of the combined influence of normal and tangential stresses around the workings, synergistic effects are observed with the formation of similar structures, which leads to the appearance of a quasi-stationary damped stress wave, and this , in turn, makes it possible to predict the nature of changes in the stress-strain state of the rock massif in space-time continuum. Taking into account the influence of the mining operations speed, a theoretical justification for diagnostics the physicomechanical properties and the stress state of sedimentary rocks has been developed by using the dynamic and kinematic characteristics of acoustic and electric fields. The theoretically established relationship of the stress state of massif of quartz-containing rocks with its elastic and electrical parameters follows taking into account the damped wave nature of the processes around the mine workings. Obtained results indicates the principal possibility of quantitative assessment of stress components acting in the rock massif using determined physical parameters of the massif.
Laboratory research of vibration impact parameters on the coal seam through host rocks
Authors: Petukh Oleksandr , Sofiiskyi Kostiantyn , Zhytlonok Dmytro
Published: July 2019

On the basis of mechanized roof supports, the hydraulic systems of vibrators operating as compact vibrators for controlling the condition of the coal and rock mass through host rocks are selected and refined. Bench testing of vibrator systems operating in continuous and pulsed modes with automatic control were held. The basic parameters of the systems of vibrators are established, and the fundamental possibility of their work in the working face of gas-dangerous mines was proved.
Extractions of size granding classes in undersize
Authors: Poluliakh Oleksandr , Poluliakh Danylo , Kostyria Serhii , Kabakova Liudmyla
Published: July 2019

On the basis of averaging of 544 balances of grain-size screening products distribution of the largeness classes extraction coefficients are set in a subsize product at dry and wet preparatory screening of ordinary coal and shallow machine class deslurring. Findings can be used for determination of indexes of the indicated technological operations at the calculations of quality-quantitative and water-slime coal preparations factories charts.
Simulation of the desorption process of methane adsorbed in a coal rock, taking into account intermolecular sorption interactions in the system “methane-coal”
Authors: Prusova Alla , Minieiev Oleksandr , Ryzhova Svitlana
Published: July 2019

Based on the analysis of the stages of the desorption of methane adsorbed in the coal rock, the simulation of this process was based on its consideration as an activation process of diffusion. It was found that the intermolecular sorption interactions in the “methane-coal” system should be described by the Lennard-Jones potential, taking into account the polymeric nature of the molecular structure of coal. Therefore, an analysis of the modern theories of the kinetics of nonequilibrium sorption processes in high-molecular materials was performed. This analysis showed that the complex of the main molecular factors in the system “methane – coal” can be taken into account most correctly using the Pace – Deutiner molecular parameters. The diffusion coefficient in the equation takes into account the activation energy of the diffusion process, intermolecular sorption interactions in the “methane-coal” system, the parameters of the microstructure of coal, the physical properties of methane and the magnitude of its diffusion jump. The analytical calculation of the diffusion equation is carried out. It allows determining the patterns of the desorption process in various geological conditions of mining operations.
Relationship between the indices of physical and mechanical properties of coal and rock, gas saturation and tectonic dislocation of Donbas
Authors: Pymonenko Dmytro
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the distribution of disturbances in the coal-bearing deposits of Donbas and establishment of the relationship between the indices of physical and mechanical properties of coal and rock, gas saturation and tectonic dislocation. To solve the problems, statistical methods were used (correlation and regression analysis). The schemes of deformations of Donbas have been built, both in individual indices and in indices of complex dislocation, which reflect the regional patterns of distribution of the deformations of various types throughout the Donetsk basin. Close statistical relationship has been established between indices of tectonic dislocation, gas saturation, physical and mechanical properties of coal and rocks, which allows the use of the indices of tectonic dislocation to predict gas content at the regional level.
Organization of geomechanical monitoring for non-metallic deposits chambers roofs
Authors: Skipochka Serhii , Serhiienko Viktor , Amelin Volodymyr , Sytnichenko Oleh
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the work is the development and implementation of methods and monitoring equipment and diagnostics of the mine workings roof state of non-metallic deposits for providing of long safety operation of large section chambers. The task was solved by the organization and performance of geomechanical monitoring of working roofs state. Experience of a three-level system monitoring creation on the gypsum deposit in the city Bakhmut (Ukraine) is described. Monitoring included visual inspection, filing of roof deformations and vibroacoustic diagnostics. Examples of the long overseeing results by dangerous sites of the working roof are given.
Features of ultrasonic control of mechanical properties of core rocks of geological exploration wells
Authors: Yalanskyi Anatolii
Published: July 2019

The article discusses the features of ultrasonic operative control of the mechanical properties of rocks of geological exploration wells. The control develops in three directions: ultrasonic logging of exploration wells, the determination of the strength and elastic properties of rocks, taking into account their geological homogeneity; comprehensive monitoring of physical and mechanical properties of cores of deep and ultra-deep wells directly on the wells or core storage facilities. To control samples with untreated ends, it was proposed to use methods and means to ensure the point contact of the sensor with the surface, which allows to accurately determine the distance traveled by the waves through the sample, and taking into account the directional patterns of ultrasonic vibrations to determine the type and speed of the wave. According to the velocities of the longitudinal, shear or surface waves and the density of rocks determine the dynamic elastic parameters. The discrepancy between the actual structure of deep rock massif and seismic data is considered. With depth, the metamorphism of rocks increases. At the considered depths, the crust of rocks has a layered structure, which is due to the alternation of igneous and sedimentary rocks differing in the degree of metamorphism.
Shock-wave diagnostics of voids and assessment of workload of lining of mine workings based on the construction of cartograms
Authors: Yalanskyi Anatolii , Yalanskyi Oleksii
Published: July 2019

In the work, the peculiarities of shock-wave diagnostics of voids and the estimation of load of lining of mine workings based on the construction of cartograms are considered. Mapping is the most visible and informative way of presenting measurement results. For mapping, select such areas that provide equal scales along different axes in the image sweep the surface. The image format contains options for automatic contouring, displaying contour lines, and printing of levels of values for the corresponding contours. The mapping operation itself automatically makes it possible to estimate the depth of the cavities being monitored, and this definition is accurate in terms of area and relative depth, since it is based on automatic processing of measurement results. Only refinements are needed to determine the absolute value of the depth by measuring methods at various bases or drilling holes.
Development of the theory of laying a hoisting rope on the drum of a mining hoisting machine
Authors: Zabolotnyi Kostiantyn , Panchenko Olena , Zhupiiev Oleksandr
Published: July 2019

For new designs of mine hoisting machines, the development of scientifically-based solutions to increase the rope capacity and reduce the size of the machines is relevant. Based on the theory of laying the rope on a lined cylindrical drum developed by the authors, it is shown that when choosing a groove profile and winding pitch for a non-lined drum, it is necessary to use a geometric rope laying model, and for taking into account the elastic lining, it is necessary to use a physical model of static interaction of a rope with a scallop of the groove. It is recommended to use the U-tilda-groove profile, which will allow a 4.5 % increase in the drum capacity while maintaining the rope’s curvature radius that is permissible under safety rules during its installation.
Theoretical and experimental studies of battery charging complexes
Authors: Zimin Oleh , Pryvalov Volodymyr , Usatenko Viktoriia , Demchenko Tetiana
Published: July 2019

The possibility of creating highly efficient and safe energy complexes consisting of a rechargeable battery and a charger for operation in mine electric locomotives is being investigated. The analysis of the existing technical level of tools and ways to create energy-saving charging systems were made. The following methods have been prioritized: the use of spreading electrode plates with double separation in conjunction with the compression of the electrode unit; ensuring the recombination of the gas inside the battery on the oxygen cycle. The principles of modeling and algorithms for calculating the basic parameters of battery charging complexes have been developed. The most optimal parameters and conditions of the charging mode, ensuring energy efficiency and fire and explosion safety, are determined. To implement the charging mode, a reliable, safe and energy-saving charger has been proposed, the effectiveness of which is ensured by the following features: minimization of power electronics nodes; the use of a restrictive regulating resistor; natural air cooling.
Study of the ravine-gully system of the city of Dnipro with the aim of returning them territories to the urban infrastructure
Authors: Zmiievska Kristina , Zmiievskyi Artur
Published: July 2019

The article provides an analysis of the state of individual fragments of a ravine-gully system in the right-bank part of the city of Dnepr and its impact on the urban infrastructure. Examples of the successful use and construction of ravines with buildings and structures are considered. According to the results of the survey by the method of the natural impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth, a map-scheme of the flux density of the natural impulse electromagnetic field of the Earth was constructed in the area adjacent to the Monument of Glory, showing the presence of a previously covered ravine. The deformation processes that are observed on the eastern side of the Monastyrska gully are analyzed. Methods for strengthening landslide-prone slopes are considered.
Préconisations lors de la fermeture des espaces d’agénésie d’incisives latérales maxillaires : Revue systématique de la littérature
Authors: Brézulier Damien , Sorel Olivier
Published: July 2019

Introduction : La prévalence des agénésies des incisives latérales supérieures est de l’ordre de 2% dans la population. De diagnostic souvent précoce, elles peuvent inquiéter par le préjudice esthétique occasionné en secteur antérieur avec des répercussions sur le sourire. L’objectif de cette revue systématique de littérature est d’évaluer les modifications à apporter au positionnement des canines et prémolaires lorsqu’une thérapeutique de fermeture d’espace est planifiée.

Matériel et méthode : La revue a été entreprise à partir de la base de données Medline afin d’identifier les articles précisant les paramètres de modifications des formes et des positions des canines et prémolaires maxillaires.

Résultats : Vingt et une publications ont été retenues : 5 revues narratives de la littérature, 3 descriptions de protocoles cliniques, 9 présentations de cas et 4 essais cliniques. Elles préconisent une égression, une augmentation de l’angulation corono-vestibulaire et une plastie par soustraction et addition sur les canines, accompagnée d’une ingression avec une augmentation de l’angulation corono-palatine sur les prémolaires.

Conclusion : La littérature actuelle semble faire consensus sur les informations de positionnement pour les canines et les prémolaires. Cependant, les plasties par addition sont bien plus discutées. Leur indication relevant en fait de l’anatomie initiale, il semble délicat de les standardiser.
Agénésies du secteur antérieur : comportement de l’environnement parodontal autour des implants et des prothèses implanto-portées. Discussion à propos d’un cas
Authors: Para Amandine
Published: July 2019

L’agénésie des incisives latérales maxillaires est une situation d’édentement qui affecte à la fois l’esthétique et la fonction chez les jeunes patients. Bien que plusieurs options de traitement soient envisageables, chaque cas est différent. Établir des règles est impossible, la décision est multifactorielle et pluridisciplinaire. Elle représente un défi important pour le praticien orthodontiste, chirurgien et prothésiste. Le repositionnement mésial des canines suivi de leur coronoplastie en incisives latérales ou l’ouverture de l’espace suivie de la mise en place d’implants sont apparus récemment comme les deux approches de traitement les plus rationnelles.

Dans cet article, nous présentons un cas d’agénésies bilatérales des incisives latérales et des canines chez un patient adulte traité par une solution implantaire en chirurgie guidée. A la lumière de ce cas clinique, une revue de la littérature récente est proposée avec pour objectif de discuter des conditions parodontales autour des implants dans la situation particulière de l’agénésie des incisives latérales maxillaires.
Comparison of the Radiologic, Arthroscopic, and Clinical Outcomes between Repaired versus Unrepaired Medial Meniscus Posterior Horn Root Tear During Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Lee O-Sung , Lee Seung Hoon , Lee Yong Seuk
Published: July 2019

The efficacy and outcomes for the concurrent repair of medial meniscus posterior horn root tear (MMPHRT) during open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) are unclear. This study compared the radiologic, arthroscopic, and clinical outcomes between repaired and unrepaired MMPHRT during OWHTO. Fifty-seven patients were prospectively enrolled from 2014 to 2016. The radiologic, arthroscopic, and clinical outcomes were compared between 25 patients who underwent OWHTO with all-inside repair of MMPRT using FasT-Fix (repaired group) and 32 patients who underwent OWHTO without repair of MMPRT (unrepaired group) with a mean 2-year follow up in both groups. The meniscal healing status was classified as complete, partial, or no healing, according to second-look arthroscopic findings. The medial meniscal extrusion (MME) was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging. The width of medial joint space, joint line convergence angle (JLCA), posterior tibial slope (PTS), Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade, hip-knee-ankle angle, and weight-bearing line ratio was evaluated on simple standing. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society score and the Western Ontario and McMaster University score. Healing rates (partial and complete) of the MMPHRT showed a statistical difference between the two groups (repaired group vs. unrepaired group, 19/25 (76%) vs. 13/32 (40.6%), p = 0.008). The postoperative MME showed no statistical differences between groups (repaired versus unrepaired group: 4.5 ± 1.3 mm vs. 4.5 ± 2.1 mm, p = 0.909). The postoperative width of medial joint space, JLCA, PTS, and KL grade all showed no statistical differences between groups after 2 years of OWHTO. Other radiologic parameters and clinical outcomes showed no statistical differences between groups. Repair of the MMPHRT during OWHTO showed a superior healing rate to the unrepaired MMPHRT. However, repair of the MMPHRT was not related to the radiologic and clinical outcomes. Therefore, there is no clear evidence of the need for the MMPHRT repair during OWHTO.
Volume of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint
Authors: Lutsky Kevin F. , Liss Fred , Graham Jack , Beredjiklian Pedro K.
Published: July 2019

Background The volume of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (TCMC) and its capacity to accommodate fluid injection is unknown.

Questions/Purpose The purpose of the present study is to assess the volume of the TCMC.

Methods Forty-two thumbs undergoing surgical treatment for symptomatic TCMCJ osteoarthritis (OA) were evaluated. Prior to the start of the surgical procedure saline was injected into the TCMC until resistance was felt and no further saline could be injected. The maximum volume (MaxVol) of injectate was measured and recorded.

Results Mean MaxVol among all patients was 0.9 cc (range: 0.2–3.0 cc). There were 15 patients with 1 cc or more injected, the rest were less than 1 cc. The mean MaxVol for Eaton 2 thumbs was 1.5 cc, for Eaton 3 thumbs 0.9 cc, and for Eaton 4 thumbs 0.7 cc, with negative correlation between Eaton stage and MaxVol.

Conclusion TCMC has limited capacity for injected fluid.

Level of Evidence This is a Level II, diagnostic study.
Institutionalizing applied humanities: enabling a stronger role for the humanities in interdisciplinary research for public policy
Authors: Brom Frans W. A.
Published: July 2019

What can society expect from the humanities? This question is even more pressing in the discussion on the contribution of the humanities in interdisciplinary research that supports public policy in dealing with societal issues. In the science-based policy community of—mostly natural—scientists, it is clear that there are limitations in natural science approaches to public policy. This community looks at the ‘other’ disciplines in academia, including the humanities, to overcome these limitations. An analysis of these limitations as actual limits, boundaries, and necessary bounds clarifies what science advisers need from the humanities: to contextualize decontextualized science advice. Unfortunately, there is little structural dialogue between the humanities and the science advice community. One reason for this is the idea held by the humanities that its public task is to unmask power structures rather than to support them. Another reason is the lack of institutional power to engage in practical discussions on policy problems. If the humanities really want to engage in a productive conversation on its societal relevance, they should develop the idea of social impact beyond that of knowledge utilization of specific and individual projects. For many fields of science application, there are institutions in which subject-specific research is combined with knowledge-intensive policy service. The humanities need institutions for applied humanities in order to develop perspectives that help society to cope with important societal challenges.
Structure correlated optoelectronic and electrochemical properties of Al/Li modified ZnO
Authors: Ayaz Saniya , Mishra Prashant , Sen Somaditya
Published: July 2019

ZnO with novel optoelectronic properties has been considered as a potential candidate for supercapacitor applications. In this study, a varying content ratio of Al3+ and Li1+ is incorporated in ZnO, and its influence on various physical and electronic properties has been explored. Rietveld analysis reveals that all samples crystallize in the wurtzite structure with the P63mc space group. Additional Li1+ doping in Al3+ substituted ZnO results in variations in lattice parameters, bandgap, and crystalline nature with increasing Li1+ content. Photoluminescence studies indicate that oxygen vacancies decrease and oxygen richness increases as Li is introduced nominally (x = 0.125) in Al-doped ZnO; but, with the further addition of Li, the oxygen content decreases resulting in enhanced green emission. Interestingly, no near band emission is observed in codoped samples suggesting a defected lattice. The addition of a nominal amount of Li1+ (x = 0.125) shows enhanced electrochemical performance with higher specific capacitance. All samples show quasireversible behavior. A correlation among lattice parameters, strain, bandgap, oxygen and dopant related defects, and electrochemical properties is established.
Double Gaussian distribution of barrier heights and self-powered infrared photoresponse of InN/AlN/Si (111) heterostructure
Authors: Chowdhury Arun Malla , Pant Rohit , Roul Basanta , Singh Deependra Kumar , Nanda K. K. , Krupanidhi S. B.
Published: July 2019

InN epilayer has been grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on the AlN/n-Si (111) substrate. The self-powered photodetection has been carried out with an infra-red (IR) laser (λ=1550nm, power density ∼106.2mA/cm2), where a photoresponsivity was observed to be 3.36 μA/W with response times in milliseconds from the InN/AlN/n-Si (111)-based semiconductor–insulator–semiconductor (SIS) interface. Furthermore, to elucidate the vertical electrical transport properties of the SIS interface, low-temperature electrical behavior has been investigated over a range of 100–400 K. Experimental studies revealed an abnormal increase in the barrier height and a decrease in the ideality factor with increasing temperature, suggesting inhomogeneous barrier heights across the heterojunctions. Such inhomogeneity behaviors have been successfully explained on the basis of thermionic emission theory, assuming the existence of a double Gaussian distribution of barrier heights at the heterostructure interface. Moreover, the SIS device structure exhibits mean barrier heights (φ¯b0) of 1.11 and 0.63 eV, respectively, in two temperature regimes, indicating the presence of defect states and inhomogeneity at the interface, which is supported by the nonlinear behavior of the photocurrent with the power density.
Corrigendum to: Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri addition on fermentation, bacterial community and aerobic stability in lucerne silage
Authors: Si Huazhe , Liu Hanlu , Li Zhipeng , Nan Weixiao , Jin Chunai , Sui Yutong , Li Guangyu
Published: July 2019

Changes in the microbial community are closely related to the fermentation of silage. However, how host genetic variation shapes the community structure of the silage microbiota and its metabolic phenotype is poorly understood. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of the application of the homo-fermentative Lactobacillus plantarum and hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus buchneri strains to lucerne silage on the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbial community and their correlations. The three silages treated with L. plantarum or L. buchneri were well preserved and had significantly lower pH values, butyric acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N concentrations, and significantly higher residual water-soluble carbohydrate, dry matter and lactic acid contents than the controls. The treated groups had more lactic acid bacteria and lower quantities of other bacteria in their microbial communities. Inoculation of lactic acid bacteria influenced the abundances of other bacteria and controlled the silage fermentation characteristics. L. buchneri inhibited the abundance of Enterobacter_ludwigii to increase the crude protein content, L. plantarum improve the neutral detergent fibre content by affecting the abundance of Arthrobacter_sp._Ens13. In conclusion, the application of L. plantarum and L. buchneri improved the quality of lucerne silage fermentation, and L. buchneri resulted in greater improvements after aerobic exposure.
Mosquito feeding behavior and how it influences residual malaria transmission across Africa
Authors: Sherrard-Smith Ellie , Skarp Janetta E. , Beale Andrew D. , Fornadel Christen , Norris Laura C. , Moore Sarah J. , Mihreteab Selam , Charlwood Jacques Derek , Bhatt Samir , Winskill Peter , Griffin Jamie T. , Churcher Thomas S.
Published: July 2019

Significance

Malaria transmission persists even when mosquito control is used effectively. This “residual transmission” measures all forms of transmission that are beyond the reach of standard insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides when used optimally. The epidemiological importance of the time of day mosquitoes bite and how much this contributes to residual transmission is unclear. The scale of the problem must be understood to demonstrate the need for outdoor vector control tools. An additional 10.6 million clinical cases of malaria are predicted annually given the 10% higher level of outdoor biting observed here. Mosquito species and behavior data together with people’s resting and sleeping patterns are needed to fully measure indoor intervention efficacy and accurately quantify residual transmission.
Quantifier particle environments
Authors: Slade Benjamin
Published: July 2019

I examine the set of environments in which KA-type quantifier particles appear crosslinguistically. These environments include interrogatives, disjunctions, indefinites, all of which arguably involve elements with Hamblin-type ‘alternative’ semantic values. I show that if KA-particles are assigned a uniform denotation as variables over choice functions we can account for their appearance in what otherwise appears to be a set of heterogeneous environments. Crosslinguistic and diachronic variation in the distribution of Q-particles – including, in some cases, the appearance of multiple morphologically-distinct Q-particles in different contexts – can be handled largely in terms of differing formal morphosyntactic features and/or pragmatic components of specific KA-particles. This study focuses on tracking the evolution of KA-type particles in the history of Sinhala, with comparison to other languages of the Indian subcontinent (including Malayalam and Tamil) as well as to Japanese, Tlingit, and English.
Black economic empowerment policy and state–business relations in South Africa: the case of mining
Authors: Bowman Andrew
Published: July 2019

The article analyses contestation of black economic empowerment ownership transfer policies in South Africa’s mining industry. Using case study material from platinum, the article examines the transition between the first Mining Charter of 2004 and the third Mining Charter of 2018. It argues that the inherent fragilities of this financialised redistribution mechanism have generated poor redistributive outcomes and achieved limited progress in the formation of a black capitalist class aligning political and economic power. This has contributed to increased factional and ideological contestation over the pace and method of economic transformation, and a deterioration in relations between the state and big business in mining.
Examination of a Group Entry Model into Alcohol and other Drug (AOD) Treatment: Improvements in Attendance, Retention, and Clinical Capacity
Authors: Sander Kim , Wilson Hollie , Kelly John , Bligh Anthony
Published: July 2019

Background

Nonattendance in alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment has been a persistent issue for service provision. The study reports on the outcomes of implementing a group intervention, titled Getting Ready for Change (GRFC), as the default entry pathway into an AOD counseling service that aimed to improve initial attendance and retention through reduced wait days and improved clinical capacity.

Methods

Clients of the service ( N = 274) were offered either an individual appointment (baseline) between September 2015 and February 2016 or a group-based appointment (intervention) between September 2016 and February 2017. The samples were compared in terms of demographics, principal drug of concern, wait days to initial and follow-up appointments, and attendance.

Results

The implementation of GRFC reduced wait days to initial appointment from 15 to 5 days and improved initial attendance rates by 24%. Wait days to follow-up were reduced from 10 to 8, retention rates improved by 24%. Further, there was an increased service capacity to meet community demand.

Conclusions

A group entry model into AOD treatment is a novel intervention, is easy to implement, improves attendance and retention in treatment, reduces wait days, and enhances clinical capacity.
High-throughput ultrastructure screening using electron microscopy and fluorescent barcoding
Authors: Bykov Yury S. , Cohen Nir , Gabrielli Natalia , Manenschijn Hetty , Welsch Sonja , Chlanda Petr , Kukulski Wanda , Patil Kiran R. , Schuldiner Maya , Briggs John A.G.
Published: July 2019

Genetic screens using high-throughput fluorescent microscopes have generated large datasets, contributing many cell biological insights. Such approaches cannot tackle questions requiring knowledge of ultrastructure below the resolution limit of fluorescent microscopy. Electron microscopy (EM) reveals detailed cellular ultrastructure but requires time-consuming sample preparation, limiting throughput. Here we describe a robust method for screening by high-throughput EM. Our approach uses combinations of fluorophores as barcodes to uniquely mark each cell type in mixed populations and correlative light and EM (CLEM) to read the barcode of each cell before it is imaged by EM. Coupled with an easy-to-use software workflow for correlation, segmentation, and computer image analysis, our method, called “MultiCLEM,” allows us to extract and analyze multiple cell populations from each EM sample preparation. We demonstrate several uses for MultiCLEM with 15 different yeast variants. The methodology is not restricted to yeast, can be scaled to higher throughput, and can be used in multiple ways to enable EM to become a powerful screening technique.
Quench transient current and quench propagation limit in pancake wound REBCO coils as a function of contact resistance, critical current, and coil size
Authors: Markiewicz W Denis , Painter Thomas , Dixon Iain , Bird Mark
Published: July 2019

It is a general belief that no insulation (NI) coil technology is a path to very high field superconducting coils. Recent experience has shown that there are aspects of NI coil design that, if not addressed, can possibly lead to coil failures. One potential problem area is the large transient currents that are associated with quench propagation in NI coils. In an attempt to understand and possibly find ways to minimize the potential for damage from quench transients, a parameter study was undertaken to examine the factors that influence the magnitude of transient currents during quench in NI coils. The characteristics of the transient currents are first examined. A study is then made of a set of test coils, looking at quench propagation and the transient current magnitude as a function of contact resistance, critical current, and importantly coil size. For each coil size, it is found that as the contact resistance increases, the magnitude of quench transient currents is reduced until a condition where effective quench propagation ceases, called the quench propagation limit (QPL). As the QPL is approached, the amplitude of the transient current is decreased and may provide a regime where quench induced stress can be effectively contained in coil designs. As coil size increases, the value of contact resistance associated with the limit of quench propagation increases as well. At large coil sizes that will be characteristic of high field REBCO magnets, the QPL extends to truly large values of contact resistance compared to values observed between bare conductors. The use of methods such as resistive films on conductors and co-wind steel will be required to increase contact resistance. In recognition of this development, the use of high contact resistance achieved in this manner is appropriately called resistive insulation coil technology.