bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Fuzzy Approach for Ranking of Student's Expectation From a Technical Institute
Authors: Singh Ajit Kumar , Rawani A. M.
Published: February 2019

Due to high competition and less employability in the technical education sector, quality in technical education has turned out to be most extreme imperative criteria to deliver better educational services. For this reason, it is required to screen the expectation of the customer of the education sector for fulfilling their needs. With aim of this, this article first illustrates the identification of the customer of the education sector, then their expectations from an institute and finally a detailed ranking of each expectation which has been done. For the ranking of student's expectations, various authors have used a number of multi-criteria decision-making methods, but the vagueness of the result was not being handled in their research. Therefore, in this study, a fuzzy approach has been used to rank the various expectations of customers. The result of the study indicates that among all student expectations, the job-oriented expectation is the most important expectation and further, an ergonomics-based expectation and a sports-based expectation are the least important expectations of the students.
Moving Toward Culturally Restorative Teaching Exchanges
Authors: Re'vell Mike D
Published: February 2019

The assumed achievement gap between students of color and their counterparts continues to be a source of public concern. Educators have reacted to this difference in achievement by allocating more and more instructional time to covering instructional content through direct instruction, remediation and memorization of lower order skills without regarding the contextual factors that influence instructional delivery. For more than three decades Geneva Gay has advocated for teachers to match instruction. However, despite best practices culturally responsive teaching still continues to be under-used by teachers. This article explores the use of restorative practices as a mediator for improving teacher sense of efficacy or future facing self-evaluations of knowing what and how to use culturally responsive teaching practices.
Immigrants in Society
Authors: Andersone Rudite , Yevtukh Volodymyr , Rubene Zanda , Kisla Anna , Balode Maija , Shtepa Serhiy
Published: February 2019

This article deals with the problems which are arising in the process of adaptation of immigrants to educational spaces in Ukraine and Latvia upon their arrival in the country of settlement. Among these problems are the differences in educational systems of the output and input countries, difficulties in mastering languages of a learning process in the countries, overcoming misunderstanding in intercultural communication within and outside of schools, unpreparedness of teachers and trainers to face and to solve challenges that are generating by immigrants and the host societies. The discussion is based on the preliminary results obtained during the implementation of the joint Ukrainian-Latvian project “Immigrants in Society: Challenges for Education” sponsored by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Latvia.
Injury by Contarinia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to early-seeded and late-seeded canola in northeastern Saskatchewan, Canada, and assessment of seed treatments for midge control
Authors: Soroka Juliana , Grenkow Larry , Mori Boyd , Andreassen Lars
Published: February 2019

A three-year field study in northeastern Saskatchewan, Canada, determined the effects of seeding date and seed treatment on feeding injury by Contarinia Róndani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) midges to canola, Brassica napus Linnaeus (Brassicaceae), and subsequent seed yield. Emergence cage monitoring indicated the presence of two generations of midges at the four locations observed. Intensity of midge injury to canola was low, but damaged plants were common. Field location and seeding date influenced probability of midge injury and canola growth stage. The wettest of the four locations had the greatest number of midges but low levels of probability of damage in two of three years. Early-seeded plots had higher injury probability than late-seeded plots, with the highest probability of injury occurring one to two weeks after flowering commenced. Seed treatment marginally affected midge injury ratings, suggesting that insecticide efficacy dissipated before the midges attacked. Seed yield was higher in early-seeded than in late-seeded plots in two of three years, despite the greater level of damage seen in early-seeded plots. Overall, the research showed that the agronomic benefits of early seeding outweighed the effects of the midge damage observed; therefore, producers in the Canadian prairie provinces should seed canola when conditions are most agronomically suitable.
Hypersensitive IFN Responses in Lupus Keratinocytes Reveal Key Mechanistic Determinants in Cutaneous Lupus
Authors: Tsoi Lam C. , Hile Grace A. , Berthier Celine C. , Sarkar Mrinal K. , Reed Tamra J. , Liu Jianhua , Uppala Ranjitha , Patrick Matthew , Raja Kalpana , Xing Xianying , Xing Enze , He Kevin , Gudjonsson Johann E. , Kahlenberg J. Michelle
Published: February 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease in which 70% of patients experience disfiguring skin inflammation (grouped under the rubric of cutaneous lupus erythematosus [CLE]). There are limited treatment options for SLE and no Food and Drug Administration–approved therapies for CLE. Studies have revealed that IFNs are important mediators for SLE and CLE, but the mechanisms by which IFNs lead to disease are still poorly understood. We aimed to investigate how IFN responses in SLE keratinocytes contribute to development of CLE. A cohort of 72 RNA sequencing samples from 14 individuals (seven SLE and seven healthy controls) were analyzed to study the transcriptomic effects of type I and type II IFNs on SLE versus control keratinocytes. In-depth analysis of the IFN responses was conducted. Bioinformatics and functional assays were conducted to provide implications for the change of IFN response. A significant hypersensitive response to IFNs was identified in lupus keratinocytes, including genes (IFIH1, STAT1, and IRF7) encompassed in SLE susceptibility loci. Binding sites for the transcription factor PITX1 were enriched in genes that exhibit IFN-sensitive responses. PITX1 expression was increased in CLE lesions based on immunohistochemistry, and by using small interfering RNA knockdown, we illustrated that PITX1 was required for upregulation of IFN-regulated genes in vitro. SLE patients exhibit increased IFN signatures in their skin secondary to increased production and a robust, skewed IFN response that is regulated by PITX1. Targeting these exaggerated pathways may prove to be beneficial to prevent and treat hyperinflammatory responses in SLE skin.
Monocytes Represent One Source of Bacterial Shielding from Antibiotics following Influenza Virus Infection
Authors: Fischer Karl J. , Yajjala Vijaya Kumar , Bansal Shruti , Bauer Christopher , Chen Ruiling , Sun Keer
Published: February 2019

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality associated with influenza infection. In this study, we show in a mouse model that preceding influenza infection promotes S. aureus resistance to killing by antibiotics. This resistance coincides with influenza-induced accumulation of inflammatory monocytes in the lung. CCR type 2 (CCR2) is responsible for pulmonary monocyte recruitment after influenza infection. We found that antibiotic-treated Ccr2-deficient (Ccr2−/−) mice exhibit significantly improved bacterial control and survival from influenza and methicillin-resistant S. aureus coinfection, despite a delay in viral clearance. Mechanistically, our results from in vivo studies indicate that influenza-induced monocytes serve as reservoirs for intracellular S. aureus survival, thereby promoting bacterial resistance to antibiotic treatment. Blocking CCR2 with a small molecular inhibitor (PF-04178903), in conjunction with antibiotic treatment, enhanced lung bacterial clearance and significantly improved animal survival. Collectively, our study demonstrates that inflammatory monocytes constitute an important and hitherto underappreciated mechanism of the conflicting immune requirements for viral and bacterial clearance by hosts, which subsequently leads to exacerbated outcomes of influenza and S. aureus coinfection.
Self versus Nonself Discrimination by the Soluble Complement Regulators Factor H and FHL-1
Authors: Dopler Arthur , Guntau Leonie , Harder Markus J. , Palmer Annette , Höchsmann Britta , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Simmet Thomas , Huber-Lang Markus , Schmidt Christoph Q.
Published: February 2019

The plasma proteins Factor H (FH) and its alternate splice variant FH-like protein 1 (FHL-1) are the major regulators of the complement alternative pathway. The indiscriminate nature of alternative pathway activation necessitates the regulators to be host selective, but the underlying principles of selectivity remained largely elusive. By analyzing human FH and FHL-1 for protection of different host and foreign cells (rabbit and yeast), we uncovered a 2-fold discriminatory mechanism of FH in favor of self: relative to FHL-1, FH exhibits a regulatory benefit on self but importantly, also, a regulatory penalty on nonself surfaces, yielding a selectivity factor of ∼2.4 for sialylated host surfaces. We further show that FHL-1 possesses higher regulatory activity than known but is relatively unselective. The reason for this unexpected high activity of FHL-1 is the observation that the complement regulatory site in FH exceeds the established first four domains. Affinity for C3b, cofactor and decay-accelerating activities, and serum assays demonstrate that the regulatory site extends domains 1–4 and includes domains 5–7. But unlike FH, FHL-1 exhibits a fast plasma clearance in mice, occurs sparsely in human plasma (at one fortieth of the FH concentration), and resists deregulation by FH-related proteins. These physiological differences and its late phylogenetic occurrence argue that FHL-1 is crucial for local rather than systemic compartments. In conclusion, we demonstrate a 2-fold discriminatory power of FH to promote selectivity for self over foreign and show that FHL-1 is more active than known but specialized for regulation on local tissues.
Morphological and ultrastructural analysis of normal, injured and osteoarthritic human knee menisci
Authors: Battistelli Michela , Favero Marta , Burini Debora , Trisolino Giovanni , Dallari Dante , De Franceschi Lucia , Goldring Steven R. , Goldring Mary B. , Belluzzi Elisa , Filardo Giuseppe , Grigolo Brunella , Falcieri Elisabetta , Olivotto Eleonora
Published: February 2019

The human meniscus plays a crucial role for transmission and distribution of load across the knee, as well as shock absorption, joint stability, lubrication, and congruity. The aim of this study was to compare the complex geometry, and unique ultrastructure and tissue composition of the meniscus in healthy (control) and pathological conditions to provide understanding of structural changes that could be helpful in the future design of targetted therapies and improvement of treatment indications. We analyzed meniscus samples collected from 3 healthy multi-organ donors (median age, 66 years), 5 patients with traumatic meniscal tear (median age, 41 years) and 3 patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR) for end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) (median age, 72 years). We evaluated the extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, the appearance and distribution of areas of calcification, and modifications of cellular organization and structure by electron microscopy and histology. The ECM structure was similar in specimens from traumatic meniscus tears compared to those from patients with late-stage OA, showing disorganization of collagen fibers and increased proteoglycan content. Cells of healthy menisci showed mainly diffuse chromatin and well preserved organelles. Both in traumatic and in OA menisci, we observed increased chromatin condensation, organelle degeneration, and cytoplasmic vacuolization, a portion of which contained markers of autophagic vacuoles. Areas of calcification were also observed in both traumatic and OA menisci, as well as apoptotic-like features that were particularly prominent in traumatic meniscal tear samples. We conclude that meniscal tissue from patients with traumatic meniscal injury demonstrate pathological alterations characteristic of tissue from older patients undergoing TKR, suggesting that they have high susceptibility to develop OA.
Food safety objectives, criteria, ranking and hierarchization
Authors: Liuzzo Gaetano , Bentley Stefano , Giacometti Federica , Piva Silvia , Serraino Andrea
Published: February 2019

The paper describes the terminology of risk in the view of food safety objectives, criteria, ranking and hierarchization: the terms Performance Criterion, Process Criteria, Product Criterion, Microbiological Criteria, Food Safety Objective, Performance standard, Food safety policy objectives, Risk Assessment Policies, Weighing, Precaution, Prevention, Precautionary principle, Prevention principle, Principle of separation between risk assessment and management, Rank, Ranking, Categorization, Ranking, Priorization, ALARA (As Low Reasonably Achievable), ALOP (Appropriate level of protection), Risk Management, Risk management in the public function are reported and discussed.
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Patients: Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Perceptions
Authors: Nye Emma A , Crossway Ashley , Rogers Sean M. , Games Kenneth E. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: February 2019

Context

Research suggests that patients who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) are at risk for certain conditions and denied equal access to health care in physician offices compared with their heterosexual counterparts. However, little evidence exists regarding the treatment of LGBTQ student-athlete patients in the athletic training clinic and the role the athletic trainer (AT) plays in these health care experiences.

Objective

To explore the perceptions of ATs treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Web-based survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 1077 collegiate and university ATs completed the survey (5685 e-mails distributed, 1214 surveys started, access rate = 21.4%, completion rate = 88.7%).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Demographic information and level of agreement in 3 areas (approach, quality of care, and comfort) were obtained on a 5-point Likert scale. We asked ATs their likeliness of providing guidance to student-athletes about navigating their sexuality generally and as it related to athletic participation, if they thought they provided equal health care to a student-athlete who identified as LGBTQ, how comfortable they were treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients, and how comfortable they thought student-athlete patients would be seeking care from them or from providers in their clinic.

Results

Overall, we found differences among groups for sexual orientation, gender, religion, and the existence of interpersonal contact with LGBTQ friends or family for approach, quality of care, and comfort. We also identified 2 main themes indicating ATs' desire for more training and education, specifically in caring for transgender student-athletes and providing patient-centered care with professionalism, regardless of gender identity or sexual orientation.

Conclusions

Although differences existed among demographic groups, ATs had a generally positive view of treating LGBTQ student-athlete patients and wanted more training and education on the specific needs of this population.
Coil Migration into Common Bile Duct after Postcholecystectomy Hepatic Artery Pseudo‑aneurysm Coiling
Authors: Nasa Mukesh , Sharma Zubin Dev , Patil Gaurav , Puri Rajesh
Published: February 2019

We report an interesting case of 50‑year‑old female who had postcholecystectomy hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm. This pseudo‑aneurysm was coiled by interventional radiologist. Patient later presented with obstructive jaundice which was due to migration of pseudoaneurysm coils into bile‑duct.
Clinical Profile, Complications, Management, and Outcome of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A North Indian Study
Authors: Habib Mudasir , Dar Hilal Ahmad , Khan Mushtaq Ahmad , Shah Altaf Hussain , Zargar Showkat Ali , Singh Bhagat , Sheikh Nadeem Ahmad , Ashraf Aadil , Mohammad Sozia
Published: February 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess clinical profile, complications, management, and outcome of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis. Methods: In this prospective study, 1320 patients were followed for the development of post‑ERCP pancreatitis. Post‑ERCP complications and outcome were assessed. Results: The percentage of post‑ERCP pancreatitis in our patients was 5.3%. The mean age of patients with post‑ERCP pancreatitis was 49.9 years. About 15.7% of the patients who developed post‑ERCP pancreatitis experienced complications in the form of respiratory failure and sepsis. Conclusion: The incidence of post‑ERCP pancreatitis was 5.3%. The major complications after post‑ERCP pancreatitis were respiratory failure and sepsis. The outcome of post‑ERCP pancreatitis was good, as there was no mortality. However, majority of patients with severe post‑ERCP pancreatitis developed sepsis and received antibiotics.
Capsule Endoscopy for Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Single‑Center Experience
Authors: Chauhan Virender , Goel Vasudha , Jain Mukesh , Gupta Gaurav , Pokharna Rupesh , Sharma Shyam Sunder , Nijhawan Sandeep
Published: February 2019

Background: Capsule endoscopy (CE) has an established role in evaluating obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). The aim was to know the diagnostic yield of CE and spectrum of OGIB. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated all the patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleed using MiroCam capsule endoscope (IntroMedic, Seoul, Korea) between February 2014 and March 2018. Clinical data, ancillary investigations, and response to specific treatment were considered to confirm CE findings. Results: Out of 102 patients included in the study (mean age 54.5 ± 16.1 years, male: female ratio = 1.83:1) OGIB‑overt and OGIB‑occult was present in 46 and 56 patients, respectively. Diagnostic yield of CE was similar in both the groups (overt‑37/46, 80.4% versus occult‑37/56, 66.5%) (P ≥ 0.05), although there was trend to find more lesions in overt group. Overall positive diagnostic yield was 72.5%. Lesions detected were vascular malformations in 21 (20.5%), nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drug enteropathy in 13 (12.7%), small bowel ulcerations in 27 (26.4%), which were further divided into three subgroups (a) nonspecific ulcerations 11 (10.7%), (b) tubercular ulcer with/without stricture in 7 (6.8%) and (c) serpiginous ulcers and fissuring with cobble‑stone appearance suggestive of Crohn’s disease in 9 (8.8%), portal hypertensive enteropathy in 5 (4.9%), worm infestation (hookworms in 3, roundworms 1) in 4 (3.9%), and small bowel tumour in 1 (0.98%) patient. Overall, 56.7% patients were having definitive (P2) lesions (Saurin classification). Two patients had retention of capsule, but none developed intestinal obstruction. Capsule was removed with surgical intervention. Conclusion: CE has high diagnostic yield, relative safety and tolerability, and it is an important diagnostic tool for OGIB. Small bowel tuberculosis, Crohn’s disease and Worm infestation continue to be commonly recognized causes of OGIB in developing countries like India.
Routine Screening before Endoscopic Procedures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodge Gajanan Ashokrao , Goenka Mahesh Kumar
Published: February 2019

Routine screening prior to endoscopic procedures includes ordering a panel of tests on all patients undergoing endoscopic procedures without seeking any history and physical examination of the patients. These laboratory testing increases the cost burden on the patient but can have a strong impact on complications after endoscopic procedures. Selective preoperative tests (i.e., tests ordered after consideration of careful history taking and physical examination) may assist in making decisions about the process of perioperative assessment and management. We believe that the Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy of India should take initiative to draw its own position paper / guideline in view of the strong impact on cost and medico-legal issue in an Indian setting.
Duodenal Perforation Secondary to Migrated Biliary Stent: A Rare and Serious Complication of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Yagnik Vipul D. , Joshipura Vismit P.
Published: February 2019

Although migration of biliary stents is not uncommon, stent‑induced perforation of the intestinal wall is a rare and serious complication. We report a case of duodenal perforation secondary to migrated biliary stent kept for obstructive jaundice for common bile duct stone in a 64‑year‑old male. Intestinal perforation secondary to migrated stent should be considered in patients reported with abdominal pain and sepsis after an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with biliary stent placement.
All-sky assimilation of infrared radiances sensitive to mid- and upper-tropospheric moisture and cloud
Authors: Geer Alan J. , Migliorini Stefano , Matricardi Marco
Published: February 2019

Abstract. All-sky assimilation of infrared (IR) radiances has not yet become operational at any weather forecasting centre but it promises to bring new observations in sensitive areas and it avoids the need for cloud detection. A new all-sky IR configuration gives results comparable to (and in some areas better than) clear-sky assimilation of the same data, meaning that operational implementation is now feasible. The impact of 7 upper-tropospheric water vapour (WV) sounding channels from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is evaluated in both all-sky and clear-sky approaches. All-sky radiative transfer simulations (and the forecast model’s cloud fields) are now sufficiently accurate that systematic errors are comparable to those of clear-sky assimilation outside of a few difficult areas such as deep-convection. All-sky assimilation brings 65 % more data than clear-sky assimilation globally, with the biggest increases in midlatitude storm tracks and tropical convective areas. However all-sky gives slightly less weight to any one observation than in the clear-sky approach. In the midlatitudes, all-sky and clear-sky assimilation have similarly beneficial impact on mid- and upper-tropospheric dynamical forecast fields. Here the addition of data in cloudy areas is offset by the slightly lower weight given to the observations. But in the tropics, all-sky assimilation is significantly more beneficial than clear-sky assimilation, with improved dynamical short-range forecasts throughout the troposphere and stratosphere.
How large are temporal representativeness errors in paleoclimatology?
Authors: Amrhein Daniel E.
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Ongoing work in paleoclimate reconstruction prioritizes understanding the origins and magnitudes of errors that arise when comparing models and data. One class of such errors arises from assumptions of proxy temporal representativeness – broadly, the time scales over which paleoclimate proxy measurements are associated with climate variables. In the case of estimating time mean values over an interval, errors can arise when the time interval over which data are averaged and the interval that is being studied have different lengths, or if those intervals are offset from one another in time. Because it is challenging to tailor proxy measurements to precise time intervals, such errors are expected to be common in model-data and data-data comparisons, but how large and prevalent they are is unclear. The goal of this work is to provide a framework for first-order quantification of temporal representativity errors and to study the interacting effects of sampling error, archive smoothing (e.g. by bioturbation in sediment cores), chronological offsets and errors (e.g. arising from radiocarbon dating), and the spectral character of the climate process being sampled. In some cases, particularly for small values of target intervals τx relative to sample intervals τy, errors can be large relative to signals of interest. Errors from mismatches in τx and τy can have magnitudes comparable to those from chronological uncertainty. Archive smoothing can reduce sampling errors by acting as an anti-aliasing filter, but destroys high-frequency climate information. An extension of the approach to paleoclimate time series, which are sequences of time-average values, shows that measurement intervals shorter than the spacing between samples lead to errors, absent compensating effects from archive smoothing. Including these sources of uncertainty will improve accuracy in model-data comparisons and data comparisions and syntheses. Moreover, because sampling procedures emerge as important parameters in uncertainty quantification, reporting salient information about how records are processed and assessments of archive smoothing and chronological uncertainties alongside published data is important to be able to use records to their maximum potential in paleoclimate reconstruction and data assimilation.
Extreme droughts/floods and their impacts on harvest derived from
historical documents in Eastern China during 801–1910
Authors: Hao Zhixin , Wu Maowei , Zheng Jingyun , Chen Jiewei , Zhang Xuezhen , Luo Shiwei
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Chinese historical documents recorded plenty of information related with climate change and grain harvest, which are helpful to explore the impacts of extreme drought/flood on crops and the implications on adaptation for agriculture to more extreme climate probability in the context of global warming. Here, we used the reconstructed extreme drought/flood chronologies and reconstructed grain harvest series derived from historical documents to investigate the connection between the occurrences of extreme drought/flood in eastern China and poor harvest during 801–1910. The results showed that more extreme droughts occurred in 801–870, 1031–1230, 1481–1530 and 1581–1650 over whole eastern China. On regional scale, more extreme droughts occurred in 1031–1100, 1441–1490, 1601–1650 and 1831–1880 in North China, 801–870, 1031–1120, 1161–1220 and 1471–1530 in Jianghuai, 991–1040, 1091–1150, 1171–1230, 1411–1470 and 1481–1530 in Jiangnan. The grain harvest was poor in periods of 801–940, 1251–1650 and 1841 to 1910, but bumper in periods of 951–1250 and 1651–1840 approximately. For entire period of 801–1910, more occurrence of extreme drought in any sub–region of eastern China could significantly reduce harvest in the long term average, but the connection between harvest and extreme flood seemed to be much weaker. The co–occurrence of extreme drought and extreme flood in different sub–regions in the same year had a greater impact on harvest yield. However, the connection between the occurrence of poor harvest and regional extreme drought was weak in the warm epoch of 920–1300 but strong in the cold epoch of 1310–1880, which implicated warm climate might weaken the impact of extreme drought on poor harvest during historical times.
Systematic comparison of five machine-learning methods in
classification and interpolation of soil particle size fractions using
different transformed data
Authors: Zhang Mo , Shi Wenjiao
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Soil texture and soil particle size fractions (psf) play an increasing role in physical, chemical and hydrological processes. Digital soil mapping using machine-learning methods was widely applied to generate more detailed prediction of qualitative or quantitative outputs than traditional soil-mapping methods in soil science. As compositional data, interpolation of soil psf combined with log ratio approaches was developed to improve the prediction accuracy, which also can be used to indirectly derive soil texture. However, few reports systematically analyzed and compared the classification and regression, the accuracies of original (untransformed) and log ratio approaches, and the performance of direct and indirect soil texture classification using machine-learning methods. In this total, a total of 45 evaluation models generated from five different machine-learning models combined with original and three log ratio approaches–additive log ratio, centered log ratio and isometric log ratio (ALR, CLR and ILR, respectively), to evaluate and compare the performance of soil texture classification and soil psf interpolation. The results demonstrated that log ratio approaches modified the soil sampling data more symmetrically, and with respect to soil texture classification, random forest (RF) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) showed notable consequences. For soil psf interpolation, RF delivered the best performance among five machine-learning models with lowest root mean squared error (RMSE, sand: 15.09 %, silt: 13.86 %, clay: 6.31 %), mean absolute error (MAE, sand: 10.65 %, silt: 9.99 %, clay: 5.00 %), Aitchison distance (AD, 0.84) and standardized residual sum of squares (STRESS, 0.61), and highest coefficient of determination (R2, sand: 53.28 %, silt: 45.77 %, clay: 53.75 %). STRESS was improved using log ratio approaches, especially CLR and ILR. There is a pronounced improvement (21.3 %) in the kappa coefficient using indirect soil texture classification compared to the direct approach. Our systematic comparison helps to elucidate the processing and selection of compositional data in spatial simulation.
Could the two anticyclonic eddies during winter 2003/2004 be reproduced and predicted in the northern South China Sea?
Authors: Xu Dazhi , Zhuang Wei , Yan Youfang
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Great progress has been made
in understanding the mesoscale eddies and their role on the large-scale structure and
circulation of the oceans. However, many questions still remain to be resolved,
especially with regard to the reproductivity and predictability of mesoscale eddies. In
this study, the reproductivity and predictability of mesoscale eddies in the northern
South China Sea (NSCS), a region with strong eddy activity, are investigated with a focus
on two typical anticyclonic eddies (AE1 and AE2) based on a HYCOM–EnOI assimilated
system. The comparisons of assimilated results and observations suggest that generation,
evolution, and propagation paths of AE1 and AE2 can be well reproduced and forecasted
when the observed amplitude is >8 cm (or the advective nonlinearity
parameter U∕c is >2), although their forcing
mechanisms are quite different. However, when their amplitudes are less than 8 cm, the
generation and decay of these two mesoscale eddies cannot be well reproduced and
predicted by the system. This result suggests, in addition to dynamical mechanisms, that
the spatial resolution of assimilation observation data and numerical models must be
taken into account in reproducing and predicting mesoscale eddies in the NSCS.
Improving quality of empirical Greens functions, obtained by cross-correlation of high-frequency ambient seismic noise
Authors: Afonin Nikita , Kozlovskaya Elena , Nevalainen Jouni , Narkilahti Janne
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Studying the uppermost structure of the subsurface is a necessary part for solving many practical problems (exploration of minerals, groundwater studies, geoengineering, etc.). Practical application of active seismic methods is not always possible because of different reasons, such as logistical difficulties, high cost of work, high level of seismic and acoustic noise, etc. That is why developing and improving of passive seismic methods for these purposes is one of the important problems in applied geophysics. In our study, we describe the way of improving quality of Empirical Green’s Functions (EGFs), evaluated from high-frequency ambient seismic noise, by using of advanced technique of cross-correlation functions stacking in the time domain (in this paper we use term “high-frequency” for the frequencies higher than 1 Hz). In compare to existing techniques, based on weight-stacking, our proposed technique makes it possible to more significantly increase the signal-to-noise ratio and, therefore quality of the EGF. The technique is based on both iterative and global optimization algorithms, where the optimized parameter is a signal-to-noise ratio of an EGF, retrieved for each iteration. The technique has been tested with the field data acquired in an area with high level of industrial noise (Pyhäsalmi Mine, Finland) and in an area with low level of anthropogenic noise (Kuusamo Greenstone Belt, Finland). The results show that the our proposed technique can be used for extraction of EGFs from high-frequency seismic noise in practical problems of mapping of the shallow subsurface in areas with high and low level of high-frequency seismic noise.
Adjoint-based Calibration of Inlet Boundary Condition for Atmospheric CFD Solvers
Authors: Akbarzadeh Siamak , Kassem Hassan , Buhr Renko , Steinfeld Gerald , Stoevesandt Bernhard
Published: February 2019

Abstract. A continuous adjoint solver is developed for optimization of the inlet velocity profile boundary condition for CFD simulations of the neutral atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The adjoint solver uses interior domain wind speed observations to compute the gradient of a calibration function with respect to inlet velocity components and wind direction. The solver has been implemented in the open source CFD package OpenFOAM. The sensitivities computed by the newly developed adjoint solver are validated against the second order finite-difference method. Furthermore, the DAKOTA optimization package is coupled with OpenFOAM, and a number of numerical studies are carried out including the calibration of the inlet velocity profile of a 3-D complex domain.
Better Late than Never: Allocating to Partially GST-Exempt Trusts After the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
Authors: Dougherty Melissa L.
Published: February 2019

Better Late than Never: Allocating to Partially GST-Exempt Trusts After the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
INTEGRACIÓN Y TIC EN HOTELES: IMPORTANCIA DE SU IMPLEMENTACIÓN CONJUNTA
Authors: Del Cid Carrasco Javier , Ortega Cesar
Published: February 2019

La presente es una investigación de enfoque cualitativo que utiliza la revisión sistemática de publicaciones científicas, con el fin de analizar las evidencias de diferentes industrias o sectores empresariales enfocados en aplicar estrategias de integración. Se delimita entre Integración Interna e Integración Externa y el uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación para dichos procesos.
UNA RELACIÓN ENTRE CARTAS CRÉDITO Y LOGÍSTICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Arzú Sambulá Obed
Published: February 2019

Dado a que la globalización contribuye a que el comercio internacional sea cada vez más complejo, se ha creado una creciente interconexión de actividades que sirven de eslabón para unir las diferentes aéreas de una empresa, trabajando estas en conjunto. Por ello nace la necesidad de desarrollar artículos como el presente, cuyo objetivo principal es exponer, de manera técnica/práctica la relación que existe entre el servicio financiero de cartas de crédito y la logística internacional. Dos actividades centrales y de rápido cambio y crecimiento. Documentación (como elemento principal), Incoterms, otros servicios, como el aseguramiento de las mercancías y el proceso que se lleva a cabo desde la negociación de precios y cantidades hasta que las mismas llegan a su destino final y cómo estas actividades se interrelacionan, es de lo que trata el presente artículo
Sistema normativo, principios implícitos y fórmula del peso
Authors: Chavarría Lara Sebastián de Jesús
Published: February 2019

Se realizará una reconstrucción y análisis de la sentencia de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Honduras, expedientes RI 1343-14 acumulada con el RI 0243-15. Para ello, se utilizarán las matrices lógicas para sistemas normativos de Alchourrón & Bulygin, el modelo para inferir principios implícitos de Juan Pablo Alonso y el procedimiento de ponderación de principios de Robert Alexy.
Hacia una normativa para la protección del medio ambiente principiada por el idealismo trascendental de Immanuel Kant
Authors: Rivera Mendoza Leonardo , Nazar Herrera Bessy Margoth
Published: February 2019

Esta es una propuesta de inclusión de los deberes ambientales en la Doctrina de la Virtud y la Doctrina del Derecho de La metafísica de la moral de Immanuel Kant. Toma la forma de una indagación sobre la posibilidad de recurrir al idealismo trascendental como guía para determinar deberes éticos y jurídicos ambientales y contribuir a la sistematización de una nueva deóntica ambiental. Desde el principio general del imperativo categórico, se deducen aquí cuatro principios especiales de ética ambiental y tres principios especiales del derecho ambiental, con la intención de proponerlos como criterio direccionador de nuevas normas referentes al medio ambiente.
Vol.39 (2018)
Authors: Nazar Herrera Bessy Margoth
Published: February 2019

Revista de Derecho, Vol. 39, Nº 1, Año 2018
Does Audit Quality Moderate the Relationship between Accounting Information and the Share Price? Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Oroud Yazan , Islam Md. Aminul , Ahmad Tunku Salha Tunku , Ghazalat Anas
Published: February 2019

Effect of accounting information on the share price has been having the share of attention from researchers for over six decades owing to the increasing of global financial crisis. Hence, this study attempts to contribute to literature by investigating such relationship in Jordan, a developing country. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between the cash flow and accruals on share price of listed companies on Amman Stock Exchange for the year 2002 to 2014 also the effect of financial crisis on the share price before and after 2008. The model of this study was theoretically founded on both the agency and the signaling theories. To examine the developed model, the required data were gathered from the annual reports of 236 listed Companies. In analyzing the data, this study utilized the panel data methodology on 117 companies with 1521 observations. Moreover, this study used audit quality (audit firm size and audit tenure) as moderating variable. Based on the panel data results, the fixed effect model was used to examine the effect of the cash flows and accruals on the share price. The accruals and cash flows combined have significant effects on the share prices of the Jordanian companies listed on ASE. Audit quality, whether auditor’s firm size or auditor’s tenure, has significant moderating effect on associations of the share prices with accruals and with cash flows and the 2008 financial crisis had negative effects on share prices of the Jordanian companies listed on ASE. This study provides deep insights into relative usefulness of cash-based and accrual-based accounting measures and assist investors, regulators, analysts, and other stakeholders in evaluating the liquidity and financial performance of Jordanian companies listed on ASE, which may result in better allocation of economic resources by enabling the investors to take informed investment decisions, thus promoting a more efficient Jordanian capital market.
Use of Social Networking Sites for Recruiting and Selecting in the Hiring Process
Authors: Villeda Marysol , McCamey Randy
Published: February 2019

Business’ departments are already taking advantage of the convenience of technology, while global competition continues to demand creativity in terms of how employers acquire human capital. Thus leading to the question, how can employers take full advantage of technology in the hiring process? For instance, social networking sites (SNS) are being explored as an additional tool for recruiting and selecting the best-suited employees. Even though all types of businesses are taking the initiative to attempt the integration of SNS into their hiring process, many may still lack understanding on how candidate experience influences employer brand image, in addition to its actual benefits and risks. Through the analysis of peer-reviewed journals and other reliable sources concerning the effect of SNS on recruiting and selecting employees, we have found many benefits in the recruiting process, while SNS used in the selecting process could bring further challenges to employers. For instance, lower cost and time per hired employee, ability to reach a high number of possible applicant especially younger generations, ability to attract passive job applicants, and the inclusion of a supplementary method for employee performance predictions are the most important benefits SNS presents to the overall hiring process. On the contrary, legal issues, inability to attract a diverse pool of candidates, the lack of reliability and validity of such platforms, and the overall accuracy of information obtained are risks and pitfalls of the combination of SNS and the hiring process. After examination, we conclude that SNS should be used in recruiting and selecting of employees, but employers should not solely rely on such platforms. Employers greatly benefit from the unbiased information concerning SNS, but as time progresses and processes evolve, further research is always needed in order to reinforce or challenge earlier findings.
Lições Aprendidas Baseadas em Mudanças em Projetos e seus Impactos na Aprendizagem Organizacional: Survey com Gerentes de Projetos
Authors: Lima Guilherme Pereira , Camilo Ronaldo Darwich , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni
Published: February 2019

As mudanças em projetos são comuns e podem ser percebidas como benéficas e fontes de lições valiosas, ou como prejudiciais e problemáticas. Com o objetivo de avaliar em que medida ocorre o aproveitamento das lições aprendidas baseadas em mudanças em projetos na aprendizagem organizacional, foram utilizados métodos quantitativos como mapeamento bibliométrico, aplicação de survey e modelagem de equações estruturais. A pesquisa quantitativa contou com 139 respondentes de 11 países que colaboraram para a elaboração de um conjunto de recomendações que possuem estatisticamente potencial de influenciar de forma positiva a aprendizagem organizacional. Constatou-se que o aproveitamento das lições aprendidas na aprendizagem organizacional é incipiente. Adicionalmente, constatou-se que as ferramentas “solicitação de mudança no projeto” e “gestão da mudança” produzem impactos positivos na geração de lições aprendidas, bem como no registro de novos conhecimentos e práticas, mas que a “gestão da mudança” influencia timidamente a aprendizagem organizacional. Releva-se o desafio da institucionalização de novos papeis para a “solicitação de mudança do projeto” como uma ferramenta de solução de problemas e geração de conhecimentos.
Gerenciamento de riscos aplicado como estratégia corporativa para projetos de desenvolvimento de novos produtos na indústria química
Authors: Soares Aloísio Claudio , Martens Mauro Luiz
Published: February 2019

Gerenciamento de projetos têm feito parte do cotidiano de muitas empresas em todo o mundo corporativo, e mais especificamente a gestão de riscos sendo considerada em projetos aplicados ao desenvolvimento de novos produtos na indústria química, onde a dinâmica para lançamento, faz considerar o triangulo de ferro do gerenciamento de projetos, como custo, tempo e qualidade, sendo necessário utilizar o gerenciamento de riscos como uma das áreas de conhecimento mais importantes para gerenciamento de projetos. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo está em realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura, com foco principal em pesquisar e fundamentar como o gerenciamento de riscos, através da estratégia corporativa, vem contribuindo para o sucesso dos projetos para desenvolvimento de novos produtos na indústria química, incluindo métodos e ferramentas utilizados. Com os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa através da revisão bibliográfica e possíveis lacunas identificadas, foi apresentado um parecer pela continuidade de pesquisa futura para a aplicabilidade do gerenciamento de risco junto ao processo de desenvolvimento de um novo produto na indústria química.
Blockchain e o potencial de novos modelos de negócios: um mapeamento sistemático
Authors: João Belmiro N.
Published: February 2019

Blockchain ou Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) apresenta uma onda de disrupção causada pela tecnologia havendo enormes oportunidades de desenvolvimento futuro. É uma das invenções fundamentais na história da ciência da computação. Apresenta um elemento faltante na Internet que é um protocolo de confiança. Analisando as principais fontes de referências em pesquisas sobre blockchain e de 81 artigos sobre o tópico na base web of science no período entre 2016 e 2018. Foram analisados aspectos das principais fontes da literatura, autores, métodos de pesquisa, países, redes de pesquisas, entre outros. Foi utilizado método bibliométrico e de text analytics para o seu desenvolvimento. Diversos pacotes do software R foram utilizados em codificação própria. Analisou-se progresso atual da tecnologia blockchain, suas limitações e tendências futuras. A pesquisa mostra que a pesquisa doméstica sobre o blockchain está em sua infância. Muitas das pesquisas internacionais ainda usam como case a análise qualitativa. Tópicos como moeda digital, Fintechs e o risco da tecnologia blockchain serão o foco de pesquisas futuras.
Strategic Model Canvas: Uma Proposta de Ferramenta para Otimizar o Planejamento Estratégico
Authors: Dutra de Abreu Mancini de Azevedo Pedro Henrique , Reis Filho Pompílio Guimarães , Freitas Frederico Cordeiro , Silva Simone Vasconcelos
Published: February 2019

O Planejamento Estratégico se tornou uma prática bastante difundida dentro das organizações, sejam estas organizações privadas, públicas, com ou sem fins lucrativos. Apesar de sua comprovada utilização, alguns autores questionam sobre a praticidade e eficiência deste processo, alegando que o processo em questão não estimula o pensamento estratégico devido a seu caráter analítico. Desta forma, este artigo propõe uma ferramenta, inspirada no Business Model Canvas, que torne a visualização estratégica mais simples, utilizando conceitos de design thinking para estimular o pensamento estratégico, criando um processo chamado pelos autores de modelagem estratégica. A ferramenta foi intitulada de Strategic Model Canvas e aplicada, através de um estudo de caso, em uma organização de grande porte que possuía o planejamento estratégico na fase de execução, demonstrando assim seu uso prático e possibilitando que sua aplicação possa ser testada em demais organizações. Como conclusão, verificou-se que a ferramenta possibilitou uma maior facilidade na visualização da estratégia organizacional, uma vez que foi possível perceber lacunas ainda não identificadas na modelagem estratégica da organização em que o estudo de caso foi aplicado. Não obstante, verificou-se ainda que a ferramenta proposta pode apresentar um melhor resultado se combinada com outras ferramentas estratégicas.