bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Minimal Utang Sebagai Persyaratan Permohonan Pailit (Perbandingan Pengaturan Minimal Utang dengan Hukum Kepailitan Amerika Serikat)
Authors: Rana Syahla  , Dimas Mahardhika Satriawan  , Syahrul Kurniawan
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the urgency of setting a minimum amount of debt as a requirement in bankruptcy applications in Indonesia by comparing it with the minimum amount of debt regulation in the United States. This type of research is normative legal research. The results of this research conclude that there is an urgency to regulate further bankruptcy requirements because the consequences of bankruptcy are very large for debtors, and Supreme Court Regulation Number 14 of 2019 concerning Procedures for Settlement of Simple Claims can be used as a reference in regulating the minimum amount of debt in the bankruptcy and the regulation of bankruptcy law in the United States, the US Bankruptcy Code is more comprehensive and responsive because it regulates the minimum amount of debt which is adjusted to the type of debtor who is going to file for bankruptcy. In contrast, Indonesia does not restrict the minimum amount of debt.Keywords: the minimum amount of debt, bankruptcy requirements, debtor
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi pengaturan minimal utang sebagai persyaratan dalam permohonan pailit di Indonesia dengan melakukan perbandingan dengan pengaturan minimal utang di Amerika Serikat. Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa adanya urgensi untuk mengatur syarat kepailitan lebih lanjut karena akibat pailit yang sangat besar bagi debitor dan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 14 Tahun 2019 tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan Sederhana dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam mengatur jumlah minimal utang dalam kepailitan dan pengaturan hukum kepailitan di Amerika Serikat dalam US Bankruptcy Code lebih komprehensif dan responsif karena memiliki pengaturan jumlah minimal utang yang disesuaikan dengan jenis debitor yang akan dimohonkan pailit, sedangkan Indonesia tidak mengatur jumlah minimal utang.Kata Kunci: jumlah minimal utang, syarat kepailitan, debitor.
News repertoires‎ in destabilised everyday lives
Authors: Oblak Črnič Tanja , Koren Ošljak Katja , Jontes Dejan
Published: September 2024

Traditional media consumption in the form of reading, watching or listening is being replaced ‎by ephemeral practices such as clicking, searching and scanning, where the ‘checking circle’ has become ‎a daily routine of constant browsing, checking and posting. In particular, these interrelated practices ‎are constantly present among adolescents, who skilfully switch between multiple media, contexts and ‎situations. The interdependence of such cross-media uses suggests that empirical research should focus ‎beyond a single medium. The aim of this research was to examine news repertoires from the perspective of ‎adolescents and highlight how biographical disruption during the Covid-19 pandemic had affected news ‎consumption among young audiences. This article presents the results of a research project, within which ‎focus groups on a sample of 67 adolescents aged 12–19 years were conducted. It also provides an analysis ‎of a slightly smaller sample of 59 media sketches. The aim of the latter analysis was to identify the media ‎preferences and potential interactions of young people. Six distinct news repertoires have been identified, ‎which confirms the ambivalence of teenagers in terms of their media preferences. At the same time, ‎teenagers generate their own personal ‘news media assemblies’ within their disrupted everyday lives.‎
Revolutionizing ocean engineering: the impact of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Santos Nuno Pessanha
Published: September 2024

In ocean engineering, engineering principles are applied to the ocean domain. Advanced technology is facilitating efficient exploration of oceanic regions with minimal human intervention, and autonomous vehicles are increasingly used to automate various ocean engineering tasks. However, using fully autonomous vehicles raises ethical and legal concerns that must be properly regulated. Nowadays, the most common applications of autonomous vehicles in the ocean domain include infrastructure maintenance, underwater mapping, resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and various military operations such as mine warfare (MW) and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). This article explores the prevalent applications of autonomous vehicles in ocean engineering, analyzing existing regulations, liability and accountability issues, data privacy, cybersecurity challenges, and interoperability. Through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, it was possible to better understand the current state of using autonomous vehicles in ocean engineering and develop a possible future strategy in the field. To make the usage of autonomous vehicles more reliable in ocean engineering, it is essential to advance them technologically and update the existing laws that deal with these kinds of applications.
Dirac Fermion of a Monopole Pair (MP) Model
Authors: Yuguru Samuel
Published: September 2024

The electron of superposition states of spin-charge, ±1/2 in probabilistic distribution about a nucleus of an atom is described by non-relativistic Schrödinger wave equation. The equation relates to conservation of energy into space-time and is pertinent to quantum mechanics (QM). Transformation of the electron to Dirac fermion of a complex four-component spinor is by Dirac belt trick and this pursued by relativistic quantum field theory (QFT). How to combine both QM and QFT into 4D space-time at singularity remains lacking without the development of a proper theory of quantum gravity. In this study, how both QM and QFT are integrated within a proposed MP model of hydrogen type of 4D space-time on a geometry perspective is examined. The electron transformation to Dirac fermion appears consistent with Dirac belt trick while sustaining superposition of spin-charge and wave-particle duality. Such a model appears dynamic and its relatable to some basic aspects of both QM and QFT like Dirac theory, wave function collapse, quantized Hamiltonian, non-relativistic wave function, Weyl spinor, Lorentz transformation and electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. These are succinctly plotted to be explored further into more depth the conventional way in both experiments and theoretical applications.
Analysis of Beyfortus® (Nirsevimab) Immunization Campaign: Effectiveness, Biases, and ADE Risks in RSV Prevention
Authors: Banoun Helene
Published: September 2024

Respiratory infections with RSV account for an important part of hospital admissions for acute respiratory infections. Nirsevimab has been developed to reduce the hospital burden RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) infections: Compared with the product previously used, it has a stronger binding capacity to RSV F protein and a high affinity for FcRn (neonatal receptor for the Fc fragment of IgG), which extends its lifespan. Nirsevimab has been shown to be highly effective in reducing hospitalization rates for RSV infections but a large or unknown number of treated subjects have been excluded in clinical and post-marketing studies. However, analysis of these studies cannot exclude that in rare cases, nirsevimab facilitates and worsens RSV infection (or other respiratory infections). This could be attributable to ADE (antibody-dependent-enhancement) which has been observed with RSV F-protein antibodies in inactivated vaccine trials. This risk has been incompletely assessed in preclinical and clinical trials (incomplete exploration of nirsevimab effector functions and pharmacokinetics). ADE by disruption of the immune system (not studied and due to FcRn binding) could explain there is no reduction in all-cause hospital admissions in treated age groups. Given the high price of nirsevimab, the cost-effectiveness of mass immunization campaigns may therefore be debated from an economic as well as a scientific point of view.
Review of Multimodal Data Acquisition Approaches for Brain-Computer Interfaces
Authors: Ghosh Sayantan , Máthé Domokos , Bhuvana Harishita Purushothaman , Sankarapillai Pramod , Mohan Anand , Bhuvanakantham Raghavan , Gulyás Balázs , Padmanabhan Parasuraman
Published: September 2024

There have been multiple technological advancements that promise to gradually enable devices to measure and record signals with high resolution and accuracy in the domain of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI). Multi-modal BCIs have been able to gain significant traction given the potential to enhance signal processing by integrating different recording modalities. In this review, we explore the integration of multiple neuroimaging and neurophysiological modalities including Electroencephalography (EEG), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Electrocorticography (ECoG), and Single-Unit Activity (SUA). This multimodal approach leverages the high temporal resolution of EEG and MEG with the spatial precision of fMRI, the invasive yet precise nature of ECoG, and the single-neuron specificity provided by SUA. The paper highlights the advantages of integrating multiple modalities, such as increased accuracy and reliability, and discusses the challenges and limitations of multimodal integration. Furthermore, we explain the data acquisition approaches for each of these modalities. We also demonstrate various software programs that help in extracting, cleaning, and refining the data. We conclude this paper with discussion on the available literature highlighting recent advances, challenges, and future directions for each of these modalities.
Acute Effect of Three Aerobic Exercise Intensities on Glomerular Filtration Rate in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Trejo-Trejo Marina , Gomez-Miranda Luis M. , Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo
Published: September 2024

No consensus exists on whether acute aerobic exercise alters the glomerular filtration rate in older adults. Objective: To assess the immediate effects of three aerobic exercise intensities on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in healthy, sedentary older adults. Methods: Eighteen healthy, sedentary older adults (12 men and eight women) voluntarily participated in the study. The participants underwent three standardized aerobic exercise tests (100%, 80%, and 60% of the maximal heart rate) on a bicycle ergometer. Blood samples were collected to determine cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, serum creatinine (Cr), Cystatin C (CysC) concentrations, and eGFR. Results: eGFR and serum concentrations of Cr and CysC were not modified at any exercise intensity. There was a negative correlation between blood total cholesterol vs. eGFR (R= -0.512, R= -0.582, R= -0.531; p <0.05) at rest, 60%, and 100% of the maximal heart rate, respectively. Besides, a negative correlation existed between age vs. eGFR at 60% of the maximal heart rate (R= -0.516; p <0.05). Conclusion: Short-time aerobic exercise of low, moderate, and vigorous intensity did not significantly affect eGFR and is considered safe for kidney function in healthy, sedentary older adults.
Enhancing Employees' Social Responsibility: The Roles of Continuous Improvement, Organization Identification, and Perceived Organization Support
Authors: Bati Almasradi Rajeh , Droup Ismail , Sarwar Farhan
Published: September 2024

Social responsibility is imperative for its important function in the growth of societies and organizations. However, the research on corporate social responsibility (OSR) has predominantly focused on the actions of organizations. Not much has been discussed regarding the employee's behaviours in promoting the development of social responsibility within organizations. CI is known for its significant role in the organization's various outcomes, Although a conceptualization and some empirical support have been provided for its relationship with the behaviour of employees, However, the effect of CI on employee socially responsible behaviours has not yet been investigated. In this article, following OC and OI theories, we improve the research model which can describe mechanisms underpinning through which CI, OI and POS support actions for employees' social responsibility. Data was collected from members of service professionals in Saudi Arabia and examined using Structural Equation Modeling- Partial Least Squares. The findings indicated that CI actions and activities develop the skills that motivate employees to support social responsibility inside and outside the organization. Moreover, our research paper explained the mechanism under which CI activities reshape employees' socially responsible manners. The current study is among the first to look at how to modify the socially responsible behaviour of employees across organizations, which can be a starting point for transforming those employees into a sustainable society.
Improving Crops Using Omics Databases of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis Thaliana) and Other Model Plants
Authors: Ortiz-Morazán Andrés S. , Moncada Marcela María
Published: September 2024

Arabidopsis and other model plants can help improve crops by providing a reference framework for assembling omics data from plants. Arabidopsis is extensively studied and has a well-curated and annotated genome, making it an excellent reference organism for comparative analysis. When there is no reference genome of the organism being investigated, using the genome of Arabidopsis may be an option thanks to the extensive knowledge we have about it. Crop improvement can help to increase crop yields, improve crop quality, and enhance resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. It can also help to reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, which can have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, crop improvement is essential to ensure food security and sustainability in the face of global challenges such as climate change, land degradation, and water scarcity. The assembly process of genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic data from plants using carefully selected information on Arabidopsis can lead to a deeper understanding of organisms and their potential for genetic improvement for crops. However, the successful integration of data requires expertise and experience to design more effective and precise crop improvement strategies.
A Decentralized Digital Watermarking Framework for Secure and Auditable Video Data in Smart Vehicular Networks
Authors: Liu Xinyun , Xu Ronghua , Chen Yu
Published: September 2024

Thanks to the rapid advancements in Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) and vehicular communication, the concept of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and big data technologies promotes the vision of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). By enabling a comprehensive data exchange platform, ITS is critical in enhancing road safety, traffic efficiency, and the overall driving experience. However, the open and dynamic nature of IoV networks brings significant performance and security challenges to IoV data acquisition, storage, and usage. To comprehensively tackle these challenges, this paper proposes a Decentralized Digital Watermarking framework for smart Vehicular networks (D2WaVe). Specifically, D2WaVe consists of two core components: FIAE-GAN, a novel feature-integrated and attention-enhanced robust image watermarking model based on a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), and BloVA, a Blockchain-based Video frames Authentication scheme. By leveraging an encoder-noise-decoder framework, trained FIAE-GAN watermarking models can achieve the invisibility and robustness of watermarks that can be embedded in video frames to verify the authenticity of video data. Then, BloVA ensures the integrity and auditability of IoV data in the storing and sharing stages. Experimental results based on a proof-of-concept prototype implementation validate the feasibility and effectiveness of our D2WaVe scheme for securing and auditing video data exchange in smart vehicular networks.
Simplified Modelling Techniques for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer
Authors: Jakubiak Krzysztof , Liang Jun , Cipcigan Liana , Li Chuanyue , Wu Jinzhe
Published: September 2024

Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) for electric vehicles (EVs) is gaining traction as a more accessible charging method, with the added benefits of extending vehicle range and reducing battery size. By providing a charging connection through the road surface, DWC offers an additional charging option without the need for a physical connection. This approach inherently links the charging load profile to the vehicle's movement relative to the charging pad(s), thus introducing more stochastic charging events to the grid. For dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT), these events involve high instantaneous power and are short in duration. To better understand the impact of DWPT, accurate models are required to test control systems and potential solutions. Additionally, these systems require high-frequency simulation for wireless power transfer (WPT), which results in long simulation times during development. In this paper, a simplified model is presented to ensure the efficiency of grid-connected simulations and achieve a certain level of accuracy that reflects the internal dynamics of wireless charging. This model achieves a 30-fold reduction in simulation time with only a 6% deviation from the base model.
UE4 Redundant Asset Detection Method Based on Pointer Analysis
Authors: Liu Tingzhen
Published: September 2024

In the process of game development, identifying and deleting currently abandoned assets as content iterates can effectively reduce the size of game packages. But the built-in reference checking tool in UE4 can only check static references of assets and cannot identify dynamically referenced resources in the program. We have developed a static analysis tool for analyzing unused assets in the UE4 project to address this issue. This tool checks the function parameters of all loading points, analyzes the value range of the parameter string based on the data dependency relationship of the actual parameter variable, and considers that the assets that match within the range are referenced. Due to the fact that in some cases, the exact data stream of the actual parameter variable is not computable (resulting in false negatives), the reverse analysis tool supports manually marking the parameter range at the loading point. This tool can generate asset collections that are dynamically referenced. The union of its results with the built-in reference checking tool in UE4 is the set of all referenced assets. The difference set between all asset sets and the referenced asset set is the abandoned asset set. This achieves a more complete cleaning of redundant resources and reduces the size of game packages.
Qualitative Insights into Cultural Heritage Protection in Serbia: Evaluating Legal and Institutional Gaps
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Gole Stefan , Renner Renate , Lukić Tin
Published: September 2024

This research is dedicated to a comprehensive examination of the strengths and weaknesses inherent in the legal and institutional measures designed to protect cultural heritage in the Republic of Serbia from the adverse effects of natural disasters, including earthquakes, landslides, rockfalls, floods, torrents, storms, hail, and forest fires. The study aims to identify the primary challenges and shortcomings within the existing legal and institutional framework, while also pinpointing and analyzing best practices and potential improvements for the protection system. This research posits a preliminary hypothesis suggesting that challenges may exist within the legal and institutional framework for the protection of cultural heritage in the Republic of Serbia, potentially limiting effective response and recovery following natural disasters. This hypothesis will be further developed and adapted based on the analysis of available data. Data collection for this research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with experts and an in-depth analysis of existing documentation. By conducting interviews with experts in the field, the research seeks to gather critical data and insights that will enhance the understanding of these issues and contribute to formulating viable solutions. The analysis and processing of data were carried out using ATLAS.ti software, which facilitated a comprehensive and systematic examination of the collected qualitative information. Furthermore, an assessment of the current capacity of institutions to respond rapidly and effectively to natural disasters that pose a threat to cultural heritage is a key component of the study. The ultimate goal is to develop recommendations that will fortify the legal and institutional framework, thereby bolstering the resilience of cultural heritage sites in Serbia against future natural disasters. The results of the research, highlight significant deficiencies in the legal framework, inadequate institutional capacities and resources, as well as a lack of proper training for crisis response. The need for improved inter-institutional cooperation and the development of technical-logistical resources is emphasized. This paper represents a significant contribution to the understanding and enhancement of the cultural heritage protection system, providing a foundation for further research and strategy development in this area.
Motherhood in the Making: Key Determinants of Parenthood Motivation in Young Adult Women
Authors: Vučenović Dario , Petrović Matea , Jelić Katarina
Published: September 2024

Demographic changes are often prone to purely social perspectives, while individual differences are overlooked. This research examines the role of attachment and emotional intelligence in childbearing motivation. In total, 234 female students participated in an online survey, including sociodemographic data, adult attachment, emotional competencies, and parenting-related variables. Statistical analyses revealed that the students express positive and negative childbearing motivation almost equally and moderately. They were both linked to religiosity and emotional management. We further explore the differences in relationship status and address the role of religious beliefs. The demographic measures identified as most important include healthcare availability for both mother and child, subsiding housing loans or rent and encouraging fathers to become more actively involved in the care of infants. These emerging trends deserve further investigation and social incentives.
Perception of the Barriers to the Implementation of a Successful Climate Change Policy in Bulgaria
Authors: Naydenov Kliment Minev , Atanasova Antonina Traykova
Published: September 2024

Climate change is an undeniable global phenomenon with severe and long-lasting impacts on the environment, economy, and society [1]. Like countless other nations, Bulgaria is already feeling the effects of climate change, with rising temperatures and heat waves [2], erratic precipitation patterns, and frequent occurrences of extreme weather events. Bulgaria is under imminent threat from climate change. The country is projected to experience a temperature increase of up to 4°C by 2100. This will lead to changes in precipitation patterns, resulting in numerous consequences. These include reduced water storage, impacts on public health, disruptions in agricultural production, stress on the country's biodiversity and forests, damage to infrastructure and private property, changes in tourism patterns, and many other potential issues [3]. Climate change has recently become a significant concern in Bulgaria due to its impact on ecosystems, the economy, society, and infrastructure. This study aims to examine the varying perspectives of different stakeholders regarding the bar-riers that impede the effective implementation of climate policies in Bulgaria. Key representatives from public administration, NGOs, businesses, and academia were interviewed in-depth. Additionally, an online and face-to-face survey was conducted among a diverse sample of the Bulgarian population. Results show that the most cited barriers include political instability, long-term vision, inadequate financial resources, limited public awareness, conflicting interests across sectors, and slow administrative processes. Moreover, the survey highlights notable disparities in perceptions among different stakeholder groups.
Implementation and Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Group Antenatal Care Program in Two Nigerian States: Design and Baseline Data Collection
Authors: Evans W. Douglas , Ochu Chinwe L. , Bingenheimer Jeffery B. , Adebayo Samson Babatunde , David Fasiku Adekunle , Gar Sani Ali , Abdulkarim Masduk
Published: September 2024

Northern Nigeria has had historically low antenatal care (ANC) utilization rates with poor health outcomes. Group antenatal care (gANC) improves ANC behavior and pregnancy outcomes. The gANC has been adopted in Kaduna and Kano states, Nigeria. This paper presents baseline findings from the evaluation of the implementation of the gANC program to support scaling in real-world setting. Baseline data were collected from a cohort of 1,269 and 1,200 pregnant women enrolled in gANC at health facilities in Kaduna and Kano states respectively from March to April 2024. Analyses of socio-demographic and pregnancy behavior data were done. Participants were mostly between ages 19-31 years, married or living with a partner, with over 50% having their own businesses. Over 62% and 34% had completed secondary or higher-level education with 60% and 80% living in urban areas in Kaduna and Kano States, respectively. In Kano State, >60% of the women had their last delivery at home with 41.6% not assisted by a skilled birth attendant. In Kaduna, >63% delivered in the hospital and >50% had skilled attendance during labor. Almost half had not used contraceptives previously. Subsequent longitudinal data will examine the impact of gANC utilization on perinatal outcomes.
Single-stage Image-guided Percutaneous Ablation with Thoracoscopic Resection for Multiple Pulmonary Lesions in a Hybrid Operating Room: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chang Ling-Kai , Su Po-Keng , Chan Pak-Si , Malwade Shwetambara , Chung Wen-Yuan , Yang Shun-Mao
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Different approaches are required in treating patients with multiple pulmonary lesions. A multistage procedure may increase the risk of complications and patient discomfort. This study provides an initial experience with single-stage management of multiple lung lesions using percutaneous ablation with thoracoscopic resection in a hybrid operating room (HOR). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent combined ablation and resection in a HOR between May 2022 and July 2024. All patients received a single anesthesia via endotracheal tube intubation. Clinical data, operative findings, and pathological characteristics of the lung nodules were recorded. Results: A total of 23 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty patients underwent unilateral procedures, and the other three patients underwent bilateral procedures. Ablations were performed before lung resection in 22 patients; only one patient underwent surgery first. The median global operating room time was 227.0 min. The median total radiation dose (dose area product) was 14076 μGym2. The median hospital postoperative length of stay was 2 days. Conclusion: The single-stage procedure of percutaneous ablation with thoracoscopic resection under general anesthesia in a HOR is feasible and safe. This procedure is an alternative method for managing multiple pulmonary lesions.
Urban Forestry in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges, Contributions, and Future Directions for Combating Climate Change and Restoring Forest Landscape
Authors: ALE Sawaba , ADJONOU Kossi , SEGLA Kossi Novigno , KOMI Kossi , ZOUNGRANA Jean-Bosco Benewinde , AHOLOU Coffi , Kokou Kouami
Published: September 2024

Since the 1960s, the countries of sub-Saharan Africa have been affected by an urban crisis due to the demographic explosion in cities and the resulting land pressures. These have resulted in the proliferation of spontaneous housing areas which question the future of urban vegetation and its degree of inclusion in city planning. To analyze the state of knowledge on the research already carried out on the development of urban landscape, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, a literature review on urban forestry covering the period 1998-2022 was carried out in order to better orient future research works for a greater consideration to urban forestry and their contributions in combating the adverse effects of climate change. Out of a set of 110 scientific papers selected, 50 were considered relevant because of their direct link with urban forestry. From the analysis of this papers, a classification of the articles according to 05 themes was carried out. These are: management of green spaces in urban areas, functions of trees in an urban environment, development of urban forestry, characterization of urban tree flora and financing of urban forestry. Thus, “function of trees in an urban environment and the characterization of urban tree flora” are the most addressed respectively at 42% and 28%. “Financing urban forestry” is practically not addressed (2%). The analysis of the 50 selected articles reveals a significant geographic concentration of urban forestry research. Countries like South Africa, Kenya, and Ghana are more represented in the literature, while vast regions in Central and Western Africa (e.g., Democratic Republic of Congo, Chad, and Niger) have minimal or no documented research on urban forestry. Future research should address these underrepresented themes, as they are crucial for the long-term sustainability of urban forestry projects. Particularly, research on financing mechanisms is essential to unlock sustainable funding sources for urban forestry, a critical barrier to its expansion.
Cycle Threshold Values of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR During Outbreaks in Nursing Homes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Gasco-Laborda Juan Carlos , Gil-Fortuño Maria , Tirado-Balaguer Maria Dolores , Meseguer-Ferrer Noemi , Sabalza-Baztán Oihana , Pérez-Olaso Óscar , Gómez-Alfaro Iris , Poujois-Gisbert Sandrine , Hernández-Pérez Noelia , Lluch-Bacas LLedó , Rusen Viorica , Arnedo-Pena Alberto , Bellido-Blasco Juan Bautista
Published: September 2024

Cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests are associated with infectivity and viral load, and they could be an aid to forecast the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. The objective was to know the Ct values related to the incidence and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 in successive outbreaks, which took place in nursing homes in Castellon (Spain) during 2020-2022, and to test its usefulness as an instrument of epidemic surveillance in nursing homes. Poisson regression and multinomial logistic regression were used in the analysis. We studied four nursing home SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks, and the average infection rate, reinfection rate, and case fatality were 72.7%, 19.9%, and 5.5%, respectively; 98.9% of residents were vaccinated with three doses of a mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Ct values for first infections and reinfections were 27.1±6.6 and 31.9±5.4 (p = 0.000). Considering Ct values ≥30 versus
Comparative Study of the Development of EFs in Children: Transition from the First Cycle to the Second Cycle of Early Childhood Education
Authors: BAUSELA BAUSELA ESPERANZA
Published: September 2024

Antecedents. EFs (EFs) are the basis for establishing a goal and working towards that goal by coordinating thoughts and actions. EFs are fundamental to several aspects of daily life, specifically for academic performance. Aim. To analyze and compare the development of EFs in the transition period between the first and second cycles of Early Childhood Education. Methodology. Non-experimental methodology, ex post facto design, descriptive, cross-sectional evolution study. Participants. Preschoolers of different educational levels (first and second cycle of Infant Education). In this study the participants have been evaluated by different informants: 54.42% by parents and 45.58% by teachers. In relation to gender, 52.65% were male and 47.35% were female. In relation to age, 37.54% had a range of 2-3 years and 62.46% had a range of 4-5 years. Measurement. Instrument development of EFs were evaluated using BRIEF-P by key informants. Results. Preschoolers in the first cycle show significantly higher scores than preschoolers in the second cycle in BRIEP-P. Conclusions. The development of EF is key in these first key moments, having a special impact on later development and academic performance. It is necessary to work on EFs from the first cycle of Early Childhood Education, considering the evolutionary development of EFs.
Cannabis for Tic Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Its Efficacy in Tourette Syndrome Management
Authors: Mann Dr. Govind Singh , Gadelmawla Dr. Ahmed Farid , Dway Dr. Ali , Fayaz Fathima Hayathi , Kebede Dr. Eleni Asfaw , Varadharaj Nandha Kumar , Akram Dr. Ayesha , Khan Aneeza , Azuwike Dr. Uchechi Blessing , Sampangi Dr. Bharath Kanumuri , Ogundijo Dr. Oluwaseun Adeolu
Published: September 2024

Background:Tourette syndrome (TS) is a characterized by motor and vocal tics, often accompanied by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cannabis-based medicines (CBM) present a promising avenue for future therapeutic intervention owing to their interaction with the endocannabinoid system, potentially mitigating tics and associated symptoms. Unlike conventional treatments such as antipsychotics, CBM exhibits improved tolerability and reduced side effects. While the available evidence is still limited, ongoing research underscores the potential of CBM to enhance the quality of life for patients, establishing it as a pivotal area for future therapeutic advancements in TS. Aim: In our systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to assess the effectiveness of cannabis-based medicine (CBM) in the treatment of Tourette Syndrome. Methods: We searched in electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Cochrane Collaboration Database of Randomized Trials) was performed to identify cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 18th June 2024. Data extraction focused on baseline characteristics of the included studies and efficacy outcomes, including scores on the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS). We conducted the meta-analysis using Review Manager version 5.4. software. We compared the measurements before and after CBM intake using mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Result: In total, 1105 articles were identified for screening, with eight studies included in the systematic review and seven in the meta-analysis. These studies involved 306 adult patients with TS treated with cannabis. YGTSS revealed a significant reduction in total scores (MD = -13.29, 95% CI [-21.67 to -4.91], P = 0.002) and PUTS revealed a significant decrease in scores (MD = -4.09, 95% CI [-7.24 to -0.93], P = 0.01). Conclusion: The research emphasizes the potential of cannabis-based medication in alleviating tics and premonitory urges associated with Tourette syndrome. While the initial results are promising, they are based on limited-scale studies. It is imperative to conduct larger, placebo-controlled trials encompassing diverse demographic groups to substantiate the effectiveness, ensure safety, and optimize dosages for long-term therapeutic advantages.
A Systematic Review of the Current State of Numerical Groundwater Modeling in Latin American Countries: Challenges and Future Research
Authors: Lozano Hernández Baltazar Leo , Marín Celestino Ana Elizabeth , Martínez Cruz Diego Armando , Ramos Leal José Alfredo , Hernández Pérez Eliseo , García Pazos Joel , Almanza Tovar Oscar Guadalupe
Published: September 2024

In arid and semi-arid regions, groundwater is often the only available source of water. However, overexploitation and pollution have led to a decrease in both the quantity and quality of ground-water. Therefore, proper management of groundwater resources is essential to promote sustainable development. Numerical simulation has emerged as a valuable tool to address these challenges due to its ability to accurately and efficiently model groundwater systems. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current knowledge on the use of numerical groundwater flow models for planning and water resources management in Latin American countries. A total of 166 research articles published between years 2000 and 2024. We analyzed, summarizing details as: the study regions, numerical simulation methods and software, performance metrics, modeling units, modeling limitations, and prediction scenarios. In addition, we discuss alternatives to address the constraints and difficulties and suggests recommendations for future research. Continued research, improvement and de-velopment of numerical groundwater models is essential to ensure the sustainability of groundwater resources.
The Long-Term Effects of Using Placebo in Asthma Treatments
Authors: Kaewkumnerd Napatcha , Ramingwong Pirada
Published: September 2024

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by hyperreactivity in the airways, which can lead to significant lung damage if not properly managed. While placebos—medications with no active therapeutic ingredients—are sometimes used in clinical trials to gauge the effectiveness of asthma treatments, their long-term use raises concerns. Placebos work primarily through psychological mechanisms by enhancing patients’ expectations of treatment. However, prolonged reliance on placebo treatment in asthma could potentially mask symptoms, delay proper management, and lead to undetected lung damage or other adverse effects. This study explores the potential risks and consequences associated with long-term placebo use in asthma management.
Effects of Salt Concentration on a Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Aggregation Assay with a Tunable Dynamic Range
Authors: Moss Gabrielle Rose , Knopke Christian , Diamond Solomon G
Published: September 2024

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be functionalized with antibodies to give them an affinity for a biomarker of interest. Functionalized MNPs (fMNPs) cluster in the presence of a multivalent target, causing a change in their magnetization. Target concentration can be proportional to the third harmonic phase of the fMNP magnetization signal. fMNP clustering can also be induced with salt. Generally, salt can alter the stability of charge stabilized fMNPs causing a change in magnetization that is not proportional to the target concentration. We have developed a model system consisting of biotinylated MNPs (biotin-MNPs) that target streptavidin to study the effects of salt concentration on fMNP-based biosensing in simulated in vivo conditions. We have found that biotin-MNP streptavidin targeting was independent of salt concentration for 0.005x to 1.00x phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions. Additionally, we show that our biosensor’s measurable concentration range (dynamic range) can be tuned with biotin density. Our results can be leveraged to design an in vivo nanoparticle (NP)-based biosensor with enhanced efficacy in the event of varying salt concentrations.
Advances in Compounds Targeting Regulatory Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in Unicellular Eukaryotes: Insights from 2024 Research and Applications in Vietnam
Authors: Anh Tuan Dang , Uyen Pham Vu Nhat , Masak Jan
Published: September 2024

Biofilm formation by unicellular eukaryotes presents major challenges in healthcare, agriculture, and food industries, primarily due to enhanced resistance to environmental stressors and antimicrobial agents. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of biofilm formation, such as quorum sensing (QS) and cyclic di-GMP signaling, has led to the discovery of novel compounds that can inhibit biofilm development. In 2024, significant advancements were made in identifying compounds like betulinic acid, methyl anthranilate, and pulmonarin B analogues that target these pathways. This review explores the potential applications of these compounds, especially in Vietnam's agriculture and food industries, where biofilm formation contributes to contamination and antimicrobial resistance. The findings underscore the global relevance of biofilm-disrupting technologies and their role in combating biofilm-associated infections and resistance.
Design and Development of a Self-Sufficient Riding Reaper Machine
Authors: Bekele Berisso Woyessa
Published: September 2024

Harvesting is the collection of mature crops from the field. A harvesting procedure involves cutting, installation, collecting, transferring, and then stacking the cut produce. Mechanization of harvesting operations is critical to lowering harvesting costs, crop production costs, crop loss, turnaround time, weather risk, and increasing benefit through proper technology. To achieve the desired purpose, a manually operated reaper machine is created and developed to assist farmers by lowering the cost of crop cutting and collection in the field while achieving the best efficiency possible within the limits.
Research technique is a set of acts or procedures that must be completed in order to do research properly, as well as the intended sequence of these steps. Identify the problem statement. Studying the current design of the reaper machine Review the literature. Product development general design process steps for reaper harvester’s machine include planning, concept development, system-level design, detail design, testing and refining, and product ramp-up. In this step, the material properties are defined based on design. To simulate the reaper machine using Catia software, Prototyping, testing for validation, Interpret and report.
Material is chosen based on the strength requirements of the different parts of the Reaper machine. The machine is built with locally accessible materials. This self-propelled reaper moves at a forward speed of 2.54 m/s. The cutting bar measures 120 cm in length and the bundling mechanism is dropped. The field capacity is 0.306 ha/hour, respectively. The needed manpower for harvesting one hectare of wheat and rice reaper harvesting field operation is two man-hours per ha. The amount of fuel required to completely fill the tank after harvesting the plot was measured to determine the amount of fuel consumed for reaping the test plot, which was 1.17 l/h.
Accelerating Wound Repair: The Multifaceted Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: NI Abdul Ghani , MN Nurhidayatul , AK Khairul , HN Hasmad , NT Afifa , BS Helmi , AJ Aida Juliana , MN Farisha , MR Balqish , KH Chua , T BiiChau , BS Shamsul
Published: September 2024

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) secretions, usually containing growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, have improved wound healing via a paracrine mechanism. This makes them particularly valuable as potential cell therapeutics. Similarly, wound healing is mainly regulated via paracrine signaling of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Chronic wound healing has prolonged inflammatory, proliferative, or remodeling phases, resulting in tissue fibrosis and non-healing ulcers. The growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines secreted by MSCs can be applied to wounds by transplanting cells or using the secretome/conditioned medium (CM) of MSCs, which contains these secreted bioactive molecules. For their success in increasing the wound healing rate, MSCs offer a promising option for treating chronic wounds. This review provides a concise summary of current knowledge of the biological properties of MSCs and describes the use of MSCs for wound healing. In particular, the scope of this review focuses on the role of MSCs in wound healing by increasing wound healing rate with the secretion of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. In addition, the function and type of MSCs also have been discussed.
Improving the Efficiency and Safety of Sentinel Stink Bug Eggs Using X-Rays
Authors: Hougardy Evelyne , Haff Ronald P. , Hogg Brian N.
Published: September 2024

Sentinel eggs used to monitor field parasitism of stink bug pests (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) can only be deployed for a few days to avoid releasing the pest in the monitored area. Using sterile eggs removes the risk of accidental pest introduction and extends deployment time. Freezing the eggs before deployment is one common method for sterilizing sentinel eggs. However, some egg parasitoid species have lower to no parasitism on frozen eggs. In this study, x-ray irradiation was used to sterilize Bagrada hilaris sentinel eggs intended for monitoring parasitism by Gryon aetherium (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), the most promising biological control candidate. In this case, freezing sentinel eggs is not recommended because G. aetherium has low levels of parasitism on frozen eggs. Doses as low as 10 Gy induced 100% sterility. Irradiated eggs successfully sustained the development of G. aetherium and Ooencyrtus californicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), another egg parasitoid attacking B. hilaris, and parasitism levels were comparable to fresh eggs up to seven days. In addition, G. aetherium showed no preference for fresh non-irradiated over seven-day-old irradiated eggs. Our results indicate that x-ray irradiation is a suitable alternative to produce safe and reliable sentinel eggs to monitor egg parasitism of B. hilaris and possibly other species.
ANALYSIS OF TYPES OF VEHICLE POWER PLANTS: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Authors: Kravchenko S. , Chuchumenko B. , Talanin D.
Published: September 2024

This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of vehicle power plants, examines the development and modern types of hybrid power plants used in transport. An analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into the atmosphere from vehicles equipped with different types of powertrains, including internal combustion engines (ICE), hybrid drives, and electric motors, was performed. Studies have been conducted of emissions that occur during the operation of vehicles, as well as emissions associated with the production of high-voltage batteries for electric vehicles and the production of electricity required for their charging. It was concluded that electric vehicles, despite their popularity as environmentally friendly vehicles, can have a significant impact on the environment. This is due to high CO2 emissions during the production of batteries, which are a key component of electric vehicles. The production of these batteries requires significant energy costs and the use of various materials, the extraction and processing of which also lead to greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the environmental impact of electric vehicles largely depends on the sources of electricity used to charge them. When electricity is generated from fossil fuels such as coal or natural gas, overall CO2 emissions can be significantly higher, reducing the environmental advantage of electric vehicles over internal combustion engines. On the other hand, the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind energy, to charge electric vehicles significantly reduces CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The work also considers hybrid vehicles that combine an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Such cars usually have lower CO2 emissions during operation compared to traditional diesel vehicles, but their environmental impact also depends on the production and disposal of batteries. To make informed decisions about the choice of powertrain and the development of transport infrastructure, all aspects must be taken into account, including the production of vehicles, their operation and disposal. It is also important to develop technologies to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency at all stages of a vehicle's life cycle. The work concluded that to reduce the overall impact of vehicles on the environment, it is necessary not only to develop electric vehicles, but also to combine the advantages of internal combustion engines and electric motors (develop a hybrid drive), improve battery production technologies, expand the use of renewable energy sources, and implement other measures to reduce CO2 emissions.