The Petrochemistry of Jake_M: A Martian Mugearite
Authors: Stolper E. M. , Baker M. B. , Newcombe M. E. , Schmidt M. E. , Treiman A. H. , Cousin A. , Dyar M. D. , Fisk M. R. , Gellert R. , King P. L. , Leshin L. , Maurice S. , McLennan S. M. , Minitti M. E. , Perrett G. , Rowland S. , Sautter V. , Wiens R. C. ,   MSL Science Team, Kemppinen Osku , Bridges Nathan , Johnson Jeffrey R. , Cremers David , Bell James F. , Edgar Lauren , Farmer Jack , Godber Austin , Wadhwa Meenakshi , Wellington Danika , McEwan Ian , Newman Claire , Richardson Mark , Charpentier Antoine , Peret Laurent , Blank Jennifer , Weigle Gerald , Li Shuai , Milliken Ralph , Robertson Kevin , Sun Vivian , Edwards Christopher , Ehlmann Bethany , Farley Kenneth , Griffes Jennifer , Grotzinger John , Miller Hayden , Pilorget Cedric , Rice Melissa , Siebach Kirsten , Stack Katie , Brunet Claude , Hipkin Victoria , Léveillé Richard , Marchand Geneviève , Sánchez Pablo Sobrón , Favot Laurent , Cody George , Steele Andrew , Flückiger Lorenzo , Lees David , Nefian Ara , Martin Mildred , Gailhanou Marc , Westall Frances , Israël Guy , Agard Christophe , Baroukh Julien , Donny Christophe , Gaboriaud Alain , Guillemot Philippe , Lafaille Vivian , Lorigny Eric , Paillet Alexis , Pérez René , Saccoccio Muriel , Yana Charles , Armiens‐Aparicio Carlos , Rodríguez Javier Caride , Blázquez Isaías Carrasco , Gómez Felipe Gómez , Gómez-Elvira Javier , Hettrich Sebastian , Malvitte Alain Lepinette , Jiménez Mercedes Marín , Martínez-Frías Jesús , Martín-Soler Javier , Martín-Torres F. Javier , Jurado Antonio Molina , Mora-Sotomayor Luis , Caro Guillermo Muñoz , López Sara Navarro , Peinado-González Verónica , Pla-García Jorge , Manfredi José Antonio Rodriguez , Romeral-Planelló Julio José , Fuentes Sara Alejandra Sans , Martinez Eduardo Sebastian , Redondo Josefina Torres , Urqui-O'Callaghan Roser , Mier María-Paz Zorzano , Chipera Steve , Lacour Jean-Luc , Mauchien Patrick , Sirven Jean-Baptiste , Manning Heidi , Fairén Alberto , Hayes Alexander , Joseph Jonathan , Squyres Steven , Sullivan Robert , Thomas Peter , Dupont Audrey , Lundberg Angela , Melikechi Noureddine , Mezzacappa Alissa , DeMarines Julia , Grinspoon David , Reitz Günther , Prats Benito , Atlaskin Evgeny , Genzer Maria , Harri Ari-Matti , Haukka Harri , Kahanpää Henrik , Kauhanen Janne , Kemppinen Osku , Paton Mark , Polkko Jouni , Schmidt Walter , Siili Tero , Fabre Cécile , Wray James , Wilhelm Mary Beth , Poitrasson Franck , Patel Kiran , Gorevan Stephen , Indyk Stephen , Paulsen Gale , Gupta Sanjeev , Bish David , Schieber Juergen , Gondet Brigitte , Langevin Yves , Geffroy Claude , Baratoux David , Berger Gilles , Cros Alain , d’Uston Claude , Forni Olivier , Gasnault Olivier , Lasue Jérémie , Lee Qiu-Mei , Meslin Pierre-Yves , Pallier Etienne , Parot Yann , Pinet Patrick , Schröder Susanne , Toplis Mike , Lewin Éric , Brunner Will , Heydari Ezat , Achilles Cherie , Oehler Dorothy , Sutter Brad , Cabane Michel , Coscia David , Israël Guy , Szopa Cyril , Teinturier Samuel , Dromart Gilles , Robert François , Le Mouélic Stéphane , Mangold Nicolas , Nachon Marion , Buch Arnaud , Stalport Fabien , Coll Patrice , François Pascaline , Raulin François , Cameron James , Clegg Sam , DeLapp Dorothea , Dingler Robert , Jackson Ryan Steele , Johnstone Stephen , Lanza Nina , Little Cynthia , Nelson Tony , Williams Richard B. , Kirkland Laurel , Baker Burt , Cantor Bruce , Caplinger Michael , Davis Scott , Duston Brian , Edgett Kenneth , Fay Donald , Hardgrove Craig , Harker David , Herrera Paul , Jensen Elsa , Kennedy Megan R. , Krezoski Gillian , Krysak Daniel , Lipkaman Leslie , Malin Michael , McCartney Elaina , McNair Sean , Nixon Brian , Posiolova Liliya , Ravine Michael , Salamon Andrew , Saper Lee , Stoiber Kevin , Supulver Kimberley , Van Beek Jason , Van Beek Tessa , Zimdar Robert , French Katherine Louise , Iagnemma Karl , Miller Kristen , Summons Roger , Goesmann Fred , Goetz Walter , Hviid Stubbe , Johnson Micah , Lefavor Matthew , Lyness Eric , Breves Elly , Fassett Caleb , Blake David F. , Bristow Thomas , DesMarais David , Edwards Laurence , Haberle Robert , Hoehler Tori , Hollingsworth Jeff , Kahre Melinda , Keely Leslie , McKay Christopher , Wilhelm Mary Beth , Bleacher Lora , Brinckerhoff William , Choi David , Conrad Pamela , Dworkin Jason P. , Eigenbrode Jennifer , Floyd Melissa , Freissinet Caroline , Garvin James , Glavin Daniel , Harpold Daniel , Mahaffy Paul , Martin David K. , McAdam Amy , Pavlov Alexander , Raaen Eric , Smith Michael D. , Stern Jennifer , Tan Florence , Trainer Melissa , Meyer Michael , Posner Arik , Voytek Mary , Anderson Robert C. , Aubrey Andrew , Beegle Luther W. , Behar Alberto , Blaney Diana , Brinza David , Calef Fred , Christensen Lance , Crisp Joy , DeFlores Lauren , Ehlmann Bethany , Feldman Jason , Feldman Sabrina , Flesch Gregory , Hurowitz Joel , Jun Insoo , Keymeulen Didier , Maki Justin , Mischna Michael , Morookian John Michael , Parker Timothy , Pavri Betina , Schoppers Marcel , Sengstacken Aaron , Simmonds John J. , Spanovich Nicole , Juarez Manuel de la Torre , Vasavada Ashwin , Webster Christopher R. , Yen Albert , Archer Paul Douglas , Cucinotta Francis , Jones John H. , Ming Douglas , Morris Richard V. , Niles Paul , Rampe Elizabeth , Nolan Thomas , Radziemski Leon , Barraclough Bruce , Bender Steve , Berman Daniel , Dobrea Eldar Noe , Tokar Robert , Vaniman David , Williams Rebecca M. E. , Yingst Aileen , Lewis Kevin , Cleghorn Timothy , Huntress Wesley , Manhès Gérard , Hudgins Judy , Olson Timothy , Stewart Noel , Sarrazin Philippe , Grant John , Vicenzi Edward , Wilson Sharon A. , Bullock Mark , Ehresmann Bent , Hamilton Victoria , Hassler Donald , Peterson Joseph , Rafkin Scot , Zeitlin Cary , Fedosov Fedor , Golovin Dmitry , Karpushkina Natalya , Kozyrev Alexander , Litvak Maxim , Malakhov Alexey , Mitrofanov Igor , Mokrousov Maxim , Nikiforov Sergey , Prokhorov Vasily , Sanin Anton , Tretyakov Vladislav , Varenikov Alexey , Vostrukhin Andrey , Kuzmin Ruslan , Clark Benton , Wolff Michael , Botta Oliver , Drake Darrell , Bean Keri , Lemmon Mark , Schwenzer Susanne P. , Anderson Ryan B. , Herkenhoff Kenneth , Lee Ella Mae , Sucharski Robert , Hernández Miguel Ángel de Pablo , Ávalos Juan José Blanco , Ramos Miguel , Jones Andrea , Kim Myung-Hee , Malespin Charles , Plante Ianik , Muller Jan-Peter , Navarro-González Rafael , Ewing Ryan , Boynton William , Downs Robert , Fitzgibbon Mike , Harshman Karl , Morrison Shaunna , Dietrich William , Kortmann Onno , Palucis Marisa , Sumner Dawn Y. , Williams Amy , Lugmair Günter , Wilson Michael A. , Rubin David , Jakosky Bruce , Balic-Zunic Tonci , Frydenvang Jens , Jensen Jaqueline Kløvgaard , Kinch Kjartan , Koefoed Asmus , Madsen Morten Bo , Stipp Susan Louise Svane , Boyd Nick , Campbell John L. , Pradler Irina , VanBommel Scott , Jacob Samantha , Owen Tobias , Atlaskin Evgeny , Savijärvi Hannu , Boehm Eckart , Böttcher Stephan , Burmeister Sönke , Guo Jingnan , Köhler Jan , García César Martín , Mueller-Mellin Reinhold , Wimmer-Schweingruber Robert , Bridges John C. , McConnochie Timothy , Benna Mehdi , Franz Heather , Bower Hannah , Brunner Anna , Blau Hannah , Boucher Thomas , Carmosino Marco , Atreya Sushil , Elliott Harvey , Halleaux Douglas , Rennó Nilton , Wong Michael , Pepin Robert , Elliott Beverley , Spray John , Thompson Lucy , Gordon Suzanne , Newsom Horton , Ollila Ann , Williams Joshua , Vasconcelos Paulo , Bentz Jennifer , Nealson Kenneth , Popa Radu , Kah Linda C. , Moersch Jeffrey , Tate Christopher , Day Mackenzie , Kocurek Gary , Hallet Bernard , Sletten Ronald , Francis Raymond , McCullough Emily , Cloutis Ed , ten Kate Inge Loes , Kuzmin Ruslan , Arvidson Raymond , Fraeman Abigail , Scholes Daniel , Slavney Susan , Stein Thomas , Ward Jennifer , Berger Jeffrey , Moores John E. 
Published: September 2013

“Jake_M,” the first rock analyzed by the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer instrument on the Curiosity rover, differs substantially in chemical composition from other known martian igneous rocks: It is alkaline (>15% normative nepheline) and relatively fractionated. Jake_M is compositionally similar to terrestrial mugearites, a rock type typically found at ocean islands and continental rifts. By analogy with these comparable terrestrial rocks, Jake_M could have been produced by extensive fractional crystallization of a primary alkaline or transitional magma at elevated pressure, with or without elevated water contents. The discovery of Jake_M suggests that alkaline magmas may be more abundant on Mars than on Earth and that Curiosity could encounter even more fractionated alkaline rocks (for example, phonolites and trachytes).