bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idiopatic facial nerve palsy in pregnancy – facts and myths
Authors: Rzepakowska Anna , Rybak K , Niemczyk Kazimierz , Rybak P
Published: July 2018

Idiopathic facial nerve palsy, called also Bell palsy, can be a challenge for clinicians if a pregnant woman reports symptoms of facial paresis. The incidence of Bell's paralysis in pregnant women is almost three times higher than in the non-pregnant women's age group. The problem is the lack of guidelines for the treatment of idiopatic facial nerve palsy in this group of patients. In randomized studies, but without participation of pregnant women, greater efficacy was found in the return of nerve function after early treatment with corticosteroids than with other methods. The dilemma concerning therapy is intensified by the fact that the prognosis regarding the return of facial nerve function in pregnant women is significantly worse than in the remaining population and the weakness of facial muscles is yet diagnosed in a young woman.
In the article we present the example of a patient consulted in our department and the review of current literature. We introduce recommendations for the treatment of pregnant women with facial nerve palsy. There are discussed benefits, advised medicines, doses, necessary precautions and potential side effects of corticosteroids, which are the only ones that have proven efficacy in the treatment of Bell's paralysis in pregnant women.
Giant pleomorphic adenoma of nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Sroka Paweł , Okła Sławomir
Published: July 2018

Pleomorphic adenoma is benign tumor of the salivary glands. It is the most common neoplazm both major and minor salivary glands. Only in 1% of cases pleomorphic adenoma occur in the sinonasal cavities. The histopalogical wiew of pleomorphic adenomas originating from small salivary glands is different in higher cellularity and lower stromal component than those from major salivary glands. It is a benign tumor but it should be treated as a clinically uncertain. Malignant transformation of pleomorphic adenoma can occur in 2-10% of cases, The aim of this study was to present he case of 37-year-old patient with giant pleomorphic adenoma of the sinonasal cavities causing extensive destruction of sinuses and orbits walls.
A rare tumor of external auditory canal originated from ceruminous glands: A case raport
Authors: Amernik Katarzyna , Kłodawska Aleksandra , Jaworowska Ewa
Published: July 2018

The external auditory canal neoplasms comprise less than 1 percent of all head and neck tumors.
2,4 percent of them originate from ceruminous glands. In the past all these tumours were called ceruminomas.
In 1972 Wetli et al. classiffed these neoplasms into four groups: ceruminous adenomas, ceruminous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinomas and pleomorphic adenomas.
Ceruminous adenocarcinoma is very rare. It has no specific symptoms, so an appropriate, quick diagnosis is difficult. It is very agressive. The treatment should be based on tumor resection and radiotherapy afterwards.
We presented a case of 56 years old female with a mass in external ear canal, who underwent diagnostic surgical excision of external auditor canal tumour. The postoperative histopathological diagnosis was ceruminous adenocarcinoma (complete excision) and the patient received radiation therapy.
Control CT and MR - performed one year after the surgery - showed possible local recurrence of pathology.
The patient undergo maximal surgical resection with subtotal petrosectomy but in the postoperative histological examination there was no malignant cells.
Treatment of neoplasms of external auditory canal should be based on radical surgical resection. Imaging diagnostic is very important in follow up but it can have limited value in term of its specifity.
The role of reservists and reserve associations today
Authors: Ujházy László
Published: July 2018

In this paper, the role of reservists is both discussed and analysed by the author. At the
same time – based on the experience of NATO member states with a history and tradition
longer than ours in this context – the author outlines the alternative options for possible
participation by a reserve association in efforts aimed at supporting the volunteer reserve
system and national defence as a whole in Hungary.
The Shia armed groups and the future of Iraq
Authors: Rached Kardo Karim , Bali Ahmed Omar
Published: July 2018

In this article, we try to identify the impact of the Shia militias in Iraq on the future of this
country. We maintain that these armed groups will be a destabilising factor for Iraq and its
neighbours, and they will worsen and deepen the sectarian division in the Middle East. We
assess these different groups from different perspectives, for example, using the Weberian
theory that the state is the only entity that has a monopoly of violence, Ariel Ahram’s
model of state-sponsored and government-sponsored militias, and finally the devolution of
violence to these armed groups.
Developing skills in securing safety when travelling as an additional educational need of school children and young people
Authors: Pasek Marcin , Dróżdż Remigiusz , Kochańczyk Tomasz
Published: July 2018

Safeguarding the functioning of local and international tourism is one of the most important
social challenges. Mastering its principles is a prerequisite for success in the fulfi lment of
such human needs as relaxation, wellbeing and exploration of the world. The effectiveness
of any steps to limit the risk and its consequences in tourism stems from multiannual
observation of social phenomena, but it is also dependent on the level of theoretical
preparation to take practical action for increased security at every stage of the journey. The
aim of this article is to explore the idea of developing skills in securing safety in travel as an
additional educational need of school children and young people. The article recommends
supplementing the school curriculum at the primary and secondary school level in order to
help create a profi le of a student able to secure broadly understood safety for himself and
for others.
Open source intelligence (OSINT) as an element of military recon
Authors: Ziółkowska Agata
Published: July 2018

One of the most basic functions of the state is to ensure the security to it and its citizens.
Significant elements are: perseverance, political independence, territorial integrity and
maintenance proper level of life quality. Today’s intelligence, which is part of the structures
of security organs, belongs to the elite part of the special forces performing strategic goals.
Therefore, acquiring the information by OSINT is important not only for the institution
itself but also for citizens. OSINT is one of the means by which security is provided to the
internal and external states. Open source information is one of the agents of economic,
political, military, etc. Books, periodicals, statistical yearbooks, social networking sites
and daily newspapers belong to the basic, verified sources. In globalized world, OSINT
has particular importance because, due to the obtained information, the state can take
defensive action. In this article, the author pointed out the use of OSINT in the military
diagnosis.
An analysis of popular justice on Polish Facebook discussion groups
Authors: Płotka Bartosz
Published: July 2018

The subject of this article is the efficiency of popular justice as the informal mechanism of
public safety production on the example of Polish users of facebook.com. The investigation
was based on the empirical data collected from Polish public discussion groups on the
facebook website. The qualitative analysis of digital data allowed a presentation of what
forms popular justice takes today and what kind of reconceptualisation it undergoes in
comparison to its previous forms. The theory that backed up the study was the concept of
informal institutions which allowed the most important characteristics and their changes
to be demonstrated. The results show that popular justice is an ineffective mechanism of
public safety production because of its selectivity and the high level of emotions related to
judging people, which makes a just judgment impossible.
DRIVERS OF COOPERATION ACTIVITY IN HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Baranyai Zsolt , Kiraly Zsolt , Elam Agnes , Muriqi Shyhrete , Papp-Vary Arpad
Published: July 2018

The present study attempts to identify factors that influence the readiness of Hungarian agricultural
producers’ to effectively and efficiently cooperate with each other. Analyses based on the binomial
logistic regression method have revealed a clear correlation between activities conducive to cooperation,
the demographics of producers, farming conditions and the level of trust. Findings highlight that producers
who live in smaller rural settlements as well as those who are younger and have a higher level of
educational attainment show a higher level of activity associated with cooperation that can be statistically
justified whereas farms managed by women are less inclined to cooperate. Calculations indicate that as
the size of holdings increases, their readiness for cooperation increases too, while in terms of the type of
farming, crop farmers are more open to cooperate effectively than livestock farmers. Finally, this model has
revealed a significant positive correlation between producers’ readiness to cooperate and their level of trust.
EMISSION OF GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF POLISH RURAL SECTOR
Authors: Bujanowicz-Haraś Barbara
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to illustrate the scale to present the trend of changes in the area of GHG
emissions originating from the domestic agricultural sector in the years 1990-2015 and to approximate the
sources of the indicated emissions. Climate changes including global warming and primarily associated
with them economic and social consequences with the global community faces today and which are
expected in the future become the source of public discourse and a stimulus for mitigation and adaptive
activities. To a large extent they concern agriculture. The sector which not only contributes to the emission
of basic GHG of anthropogenic origin but which is also important, has a significant potential to reduce it.
LINKAGE OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS WITH THE ENVIRONMENT IN PODKARPACKIE VOIVODSHIP FROM THE PERSPECTIVE ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Chorób Roman
Published: July 2018

The main purpose of the article is to present selected measures describing the links between farms and the environment in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship from the perspective of distributing agricultural products. Among many indicators characterizing the scale and scope of contacts of these farms with the environment, the following were subjectively selected: the share of commodity production in global production; share of agricultural producers in the final price of food products; development of major agricultural products and expenditure on the purchase of production means (materials). The study uses data from the Statistical Yearbooks as well as the results of a survey conducted in 2013 among 500 agricultural producers managing and conducting commodity production in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The analysis of these connections mainly concerns the years 2005-2013, which is determined mainly by the period of the research project implementation, as well as the possibility of comparing the obtained results with the relevant statistical data. The results of the conducted analysis indicate the significant importance of these links for the expansion of various integration relationships taking place in agribusiness, with particular emphasis on the Podkarpackie Voivodeship.
BUDGETARY EXPENDITURES ON AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL MA RKETS, RURAL
DEVELOPMENT AND ASI F IN THE CONDITIONS OF CHANGING OPTIONS IN POLAND'S
ECONOMIC POLICY
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Matuszczak Anna
Published: July 2018

The aim of the article was to indicate expenditure on ASI F in relation to changes that took place in the
agricultural budget of Poland after 2016, under the influence of the new option in the national economic
policy, as well as the long term position of ASI F. As a first step, the theoretical reasons and impact of
the change in economic policy options were discussed, followed by an analysis of the level and share
of agricultural sector expenditure in the total budget and in GDP , in order to focus in turn more closely
on social issues related to the agricultural sector through the prism of ASI F spending. It was pointed
out that the share of budget expenditure on ASI F in the total budget expenditure of the state in the long
run is gradually decreasing. Nevertheless, it is observed that the level of budget expenditure on ASI F is
stabilizing at a level close to PLN 18 billion per year in nominal terms, while the need to maintain the
existing services, both in terms of level and scale, remains undisputed.
WASTE MANAGEMENT VERSUS SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Dacko Mariusz , Dacko Aneta , Mazur Gabriela
Published: July 2018

The aim of the paper was to present the ways for activities that municipalities could take to improve their
waste management systems. The issue of waste management and shaping social attitudes in terms of their
disposal is the domain of local governments. It closely fits the essence of sustainable local development. It is
important for every community not only in the context of environmental protection, but also for socio-economic
reasons. There is a wide variety of solutions for the disposal of waste. According to the authors, sustainable
development of this sphere of human life and activity can be more effectively implemented when the attitudes
and opinions of residents are known. It can then be done by searching for and implementing patterns adapted
to local conditions. On the example of the Biecz commune located in the Małopolskie province, the functioning
of the local waste management system was presented in the light of the existing secondary data and the results
of own surveys. Real problems were discussed and ways to overcome them were proposed.
DEVELOPMENT DIMENSION OF COOPERATION BETWEEN FARMS KEEPING CONSERVATION BREEDS OF ANIMALS
Authors: Domagalska-Grędys Marta
Published: July 2018

The aim of the research was to use the PCA analysis to assess the objectives of cooperation of farms with particular regard to the development dimension. The analysis was performed due to the species kept (cattle, sheep, pigs), demographic and the size of the farms. 145 farms in south-eastern Poland were examined. The research tool was a direct interview questionnaire. The main component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the data, which indicated the cooperation objectives most correlated with the dimension “Development”, joint acquisition of funds for investments, implementation of joint projects, actions for the benefit of the environment, barter of services. Breeders differed in the way of thinking about development cooperation. Undertaking development cooperation was also connected with education, farmers’ age and the size of the farm.
POSSIBILITIES TO CREATE AUTONOMOUS ENERGY REGIONS USING RENEWABLE ENERGY
RESOURCES
Authors: Gostomczyk Waldemar
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study is to analyze the level of energy self-sufficiency at the regional and local level. At
the level of voivodships, the production of electricity, its relation to the energy consumed, the volume and
dynamics of changes in the production of renewable energy in 2010-2016 and its share in total production
are presented. Autonomous energy regions have been characterized as structures allowing to strive for
energy self-sufficiency. The tests and analyzes used a comparative method and a breakdown of individual
categories according to the analyzed values. As a result of the conducted analyzes, it was found that an
important role in achieving energy self-sufficiency will be performed by micro and small installations
based on local resources.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF INNOVATIVENESS OF FIRMS – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Górka Małgorzata , Brągiel Elżbieta
Published: July 2018

Selected aspects of innovative actions undertaken by selected agricultural entities were presented. The issues of innovativeness on the example of two agricultural cooperatives from the Podkarpackie Province are presented. Research has shown that the innovations introduced by the studied co-operatives were mainly of a technological nature, and to a small extent non-technological ones. The main motive for undertaking such activities was entering new markets and reducing production costs.
THE COMPOUNDS BETWEEN THE ECONOMIC SITUATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
OF AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Authors: Grzelak Aleksander
Published: July 2018

The main purpose of the article is to examine the compounds between economic results of agricultural
holdings and their impact on the environment. The research was conducted on a group of 23 EU countries
that have been members since at least 2004. The time scope of the analyses concerns the years 2004-2015.
The study uses regression analysis based on panel data. It was found that the more favorable economic
situation of the surveyed group of agricultural holdings is accompanied by a stronger negative impact on
the environment. The strongest relative environmental impact (from the perspective of material pressure on
the environment) was recorded for investments.
FISH AND MARITIME PRODUCTS PROCESSING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Hryszko Krzysztof
Published: July 2018

European Union fish processing branch is one of the smallest within the agri-food sector. The branch
activities are concentrated in few countries. The aim of is a description of fish processing in the European
Union in general and its diversification in particular regions. An analysis of changes in the fish sector
concerned production structure, enterprise structure as well economic condition and financial standing.
The analysis concerned the period of 2010-2015.
OPERATING COSTS OF TECHNICAL TRANSPORT MEANS IN A FARM
Authors: Kapela Krzyszof , Gugała Marek , Niewęgłowski Marek , Krasnodębska Ewa
Published: July 2018

The main objective of the study was to present the costs of exploitation of transport means in an
individual agricultural holding located in the Masovian province, specializing in crop production. The
cost analysis was performed on the basis of a yearly record of transport operations on the farm and data
obtained by direct interview. The scope of research covered the years 2015-2017. The analysis shows
that the costs of using transport means, depending on the type of transport set and the year, ranged from
1197.46 PLN/ha UR to 1442.62 PLN/ha UR. The highest share in the structure of the operating costs of
transport means are variable costs, which accounted for around 70% in the analyzed period. Among the
variable costs, fuel costs account for a large proportion of their costs (around 55%).
SELECTED AS PECTS OF THE BIOCOMPONENT PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURAL RAW
MA TERIALS USED IN THEIR PRODUCTION IN POLAND
Authors: Mączyńska Joanna , Klepacka Anna Maria
Published: July 2018

The examination of spatial differences in the number of methyl ester and bioethanol manufacturing
installations concludes that Poland’s biocomponent manufacturing is regionally concentrated. A similar
conclusion arises from the analysis of rapeseed and corn shares in the total cropland area by voivodship.
Furthermore, the current EU biofuel policy positively influences markets associated with the production
and processing of rapeseed, but its effect on the corn market is negligible.
HEALTH AS THE MAIN STRUCTURAL COMPONENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON RURAL AREAS
IN ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIE REGION
Authors: Klonowska-Matynia Maria
Published: July 2018

The paper aimed to examine the level and asses the spatial distribution of human capital defined in
the area of health quality in rural areas of the West Pomeranian province. The selected methods of multicriteria
taxonomy to estimate the synthetic index HCSIh and agglomeration methods for grouping objects
with a relatively homogeneous internal structure were used. It was assumed the correlation between
the level of health capital HCSIh and the type of commune separated due to the component of the level
of socio-economic development according to the MROW typology. The obtained results indicate uneven
distribution of health capital, but they do not give grounds for accepting the verified hypothesis. The
study covered rural areas of the West Pomeranian province, defined according to the CSO administrative
criterion as rural and rural-urban communes. The Central Statistical Office Local Data Bank and the
Monitoring of rural areas development data were the main source.
THE IMPACT OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES ON THE TERRITORIAL COHESION OF REGION
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Danuta
Published: July 2018

The main research goal was to obtain an answer whether special economic zones (SEZ) are an effective economic policy instrument in obtaining better territorial cohesion of a region. Territorial cohesion in regions was considered with a demographic and socio-economic aspect. Based on selected demographic and socioeconomic development indicators for 2005, 2010 and 2015, relations between areas included in SEZ and areas outside SEZ in a region are presented. An analysis of the demographic and socio-economic development level between such areas in the regions has shown significant differences, especially in the socio-economic aspect. It was found that areas included in the SEZ are to a significant extent ahead of areas without SEZ in terms of the socio-economic development level, while the vicinity of dynamically developing areas begins to stimulate faster development of areas outside of SEZ. This indicates that over a longer perspective SEZ may influence the territorial cohesion of a region.
TECHNICAL AND SCALE EFFICIENCY OF FOOD PRODUCERS IN POLAND IN
2006-2016. DOES THE SIZE AND LEGAL STATUS OF ENTERPRISES MATTER ?
Authors: Kozak Sylwester
Published: July 2018

The article empirically examines how the size and legal status of an enterprise influence the
technical and scale efficiency of Polish food producers. Technical and scale efficiency indices are measured
using the non-parametric DEA method. The study is based on the annual financial reports of 52 sugar and
confectionery producers operating in 2006-2016. The analysis covers all enterprises in the sector, as well as
groups of larger and smaller enterprises (distinguished by the median of assets), as well as groups of capital
companies and cooperatives. Research has shown that enterprises were characterized by relatively high
technical efficiency and scale efficiency in the range, respectively, between 82 and 93% and between 93
and 98%. All enterprises operated more efficiently in more favorable macroeconomic conditions. The level
of enterprises’ technical and scale efficiency depends on the value of their assets and the legal status. Larger
enterprises were less technically effective than smaller ones, but they made greater use of the effect of scale.
Capital companies were more effective than cooperatives, but to a lesser extent used economy of scale.
SOME DETERMINANTS OF DISTRIBUTION PROCESSES OF LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE PODKARPACIE FOOD MARKET
Authors: Krajewski Karol , Kuboń Maciej , Świątkowska Monika , Świstak Ewa
Published: July 2018

The article concerns restrictions and development of the distribution processes of local food products produced in the Podkarpacie region against the background of the food market and consumption. The market situation of local products in relation to the conditions of distribution processes was characterized and the barriers and opportunities for development of these processes in the region were diagnosed. The pilot studies presented the opinions of enterprises, participants of distribution channels of local food products, on the difficulty of distributing these products. The research was carried out in 2017, and empirical data was obtained by direct interview with entrepreneurs who distribute local food in Podkarpacie. Respondents indicated that despite the high assessment of local products offered by consumers and the development of the food market, there are still difficulties in distributing the products offered beyond the local market, and the barriers are small scale of production, lack of standardization and limitations in product logistics.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSTITUTING CAPITAL STREAM FOR HUMAN LABOUR IN COMMERCIAL FARMS WITH DIFFERENT PRODUCTION POTENTIAL
Authors: Niezgoda Dionizy , Nowak Anna , Wójcik Ewa
Published: July 2018

The paper aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of substituting a stream of capital for human labour in commodity farms in Poland depending on their production potential. The studies were based on unit data from the monitoring of the Polish FADN from 2016, using the Cobb-Douglas agricultural production function method. Using the relationship between agricultural farm production and production factors (workload, cropland area and stream of capital) as the basis for determining isoquant equations and marginal rates of substitution, the effectiveness of substitution was evaluated for two groups of farms: classified as small and medium large farms in terms of economic size. The most effective factor affecting production on the farms was capital. Studies showed that in both analyzed groups of farms substituting capital for human labour was advantageous. However, substitution turned out more profitable in the group of small farms in comparison to farms having a higher production potential.
INCOME OF FRUIT FARMS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Authors: Pizło Wojciech
Published: July 2018

From the mid-19th century to the 20th century in Central and Eastern Europe, apple, pear and cherry orchards were founded on the exemplar of fruit orchards in highly developed countries. The assessment of the economic farms situation, including farms with permanent crops (orchards) in the EU countries is monitoring by FADN. In the FADN classification, horticultural crops are fruit trees. In the FADN classification, horticultural crops are all fruit trees. The purpose of this article is to diagnose and assess the income situation of European fruit growing. The diagnosis has been conducted on the data basis from the FAO, Eurostat and the Central Statistical Office. The cultivation area has been decreasing in West European fruit-growing since the 1990s, particularly in Germany and France - for example apple tree. At the same time is observed an increase of apple orchards in Poland. The research showed that income on fruit farms is unstable. The highest one is registered in fruit farms in Belgium (46.8 thousand euros), the Netherlands (34.2 thousand euros) and Austria (25.3 thousand euros). Simultaneously, the British horticulture was experienced the crisis. It recorded the loses evaluated on 13.4 thousand Euros per year.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AFFORESTATION PROGRAMME IN POLAND –
A REGIONAL APPROACH
Authors: Polna Małgorzata
Published: July 2018

The article presents a spatial analysis and the assessment of the degree of financial means obtained
from common agricultural policy intended for the afforestation of private land in Poland. Account has
been taken of the" Afforestation of agricultural and non-agricultural land" measure implemented under the
2007-2013 Rural Development Programme. The analysis was conducted by voivodeships. It was proved
that the implementation of the afforestation programme in farms varied strongly between regions. A high
number of submitted requests were noted in different voivodeships – with different historical, socio-economic
and environmental backgrounds. At the same time, the average area of afforested land proved to
be dependent on the historically formed agricultural structure.
CHANGES IN RISK PERCEPTION DEMONSTRATED BY POLISH FARMERS FROM
COMMERCIAL FARMS IN THE PERIOD 2011-2017
Authors: Sulewski Piotr , Pogodzińska Kinga
Published: July 2018

In the paper some changes in farmers’ risk perception has been analyzed. The study is based on data
collected from almost 600 farms in 2011 and 2017. The analysis revealed that in the period 2011-2017
farmers’ risk aversion slightly declined. The results shown that drought and prices volatility are perceived
by farmers as the main factors of risk in agricultural production in Poland. However a decrease in the
significance of most risk factors (except drought) can be also observed. The results of the study suggest
that the potential of development of current insurance scheme in Poland is rather limited.
DIRECTIONS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONFECTIONERY INDUSTRY IN POLAND
Authors: Szwacka-Mokrzycka Joanna , Kociszewski Michał
Published: July 2018

The confectionery industry in Poland is still developing very dynamically. The changing consumption patterns of Poles have an impact on the directions and capabilities of the sweets sector, which responds quickly to consumer trends and needs. Polish consumers are demanding when it comes to the quality of sweets, they are looking for naturalness and pro-healthy qualities; they value availability and convenience. The development of confectionery is closely related to the development of exports to European Union countries and the search for new export markets. The export of chocolate and cocoa products may be of significant importance. A great opportunity for development for small and medium-sized producers is the increase in the sale of sweets as a private label. Attention should also be paid to the risks of the confectionary market: unstable prices of basic raw materials, cocoa deficit on global markets, fluctuating exchange rates, trade and administrative barriers.
FARMS` ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY DIFFER IN TYPE OF FARMING
Authors: Wrzaszcz Wioletta
Published: July 2018

The aim of the paper is to present farms` economic sustainability which differ in the type of farming, during the period of the EU accession. There were used 2005 and 2016 GUS data. Test results indicated progress in farms` economic sustainability, although type of farming determines its scope and size changes.
THE GEESE MARKET IN POLAND
Authors: Utnik-Banaś Katarzyna , Żmija Janusz
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study was to show changes in the volume of production, foreign trade and the prices of geese in Poland against the backdrop of world production, along with the presentation of new trends. The most important producer of geese in the world was China, whose production reached 95% of world production in recent years. Poland remains second in the ranking (with the production of approx. 30,996 tons, which accounted for 1.2% of world production in 2016), and is followed by countries such as Egypt (1.06%) and Hungary (1.02%). Prices of goose meat were the highest of all poultry species and, compared to chickens, they were higher, ranging from 60% in 2005 to 170% in 2017. In Poland, production was export-oriented. Starting from 2012, interest in goose meat on the domestic market has increased, and consumption reached a level of 40% in the period between 2012-2013. Production in the coming years will probably increase due to the advantages of goose meat, as well as due to the acquisition of extremely valued down and feathers.
Security Design
Authors: Kępka Paweł
Published: July 2018

The article presents issues related to  security design including, among others, the classification of security design, criteria for its division, the essence of design, security interests and objectives, security determinants (environment), concepts for safety-enhancing activities under specified conditions, security potential and the concept of security enhancing activities. The considerations are based on the assumption that security is first and foremost based on the need to protect against the real risks posed by elements that could negatively affect individuals, communities or entire countries. On the other hand, the long history, beyond the defined approach to  providing security, resulting strictly from the willingness to  live in  a  specific environment
(space), indicates cases in which the sense of security is related to the authority, capabilities, quality of assets and resources possessed. Both of the approaches presented emphasise that, regardless of their attitude, the issue of protection of human life and health is the most important
category of things to be protected. The first approach indicates a reactionary character, closely related to intervention in respect of a given threat (real or imaginary), while the second one draws the perspective of organising the security potential that constitutes the strength of the individual in general, including the case of a real threat. It is a sign of preparing resources (legal, organisational, material, financial, informational) for the potential threat from nature, another person or a country. The concepts defined for preparing for what becomes a threat to the protected values are not only logical, but can also be seen in a hierarchical way. The proof in this case is that, first of all, people repel what threatens them here and now and only then do they think about building their security potential as an answer to what they may face in the future.
One size does not fit all: Maintaining relevancy in the modern makerspace movement
Authors: Mathuews Katy , Harper Daniel
Published: July 2018

As academic libraries have reimagined their facilities to meet the needs of 21st-century learning, makerspaces have been championed as a means to support contemporary learning, innovation, and collaboration on campus. Makerspaces in libraries are considered particularly fruitful for enabling cross-disciplinary collaboration, a hallmark of the library tradition.1 Thus library makerspaces often attempt to serve all campus constituents, even catering to campus-wide initiatives to improve student performance outcomes and bolster academic notoriety.2
Washington Hotline
Authors: Kromer Kathi
Published: July 2018

Every month, staff in ALA’s Washington office have a chance to share news from the Capitol in this column for C&RL News. Rarely is the Washington Hotline news “hot” by the time it reaches your inbox or mailbox. You’ll find the hottest news by following our blog, DistrictDispatch.org, and signing up for ALA’s action center.
Individual personal values as mediators during behavioral perception and transference
Authors: Kumar Sunil
Published: July 2018

Perception and transference are two behavioral processes affecting human existence and survival. This study focuses on the concept of interpersonal relationships of university students during transference and perceived behavioral processes. Information was gathered from 234 university students. Three factors, i.e., perceived behavior, personal values, and transference behavior were explored. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the proposed conceptual model and hypotheses were tested with structure equation modeling. The findings support the mediational role of personal values in perceived and transferred behavior and also the role of personal values in passing of activated schema from an interpersonal relationship to another. This study will provide a rational ground to behavior scientists that it’s the ‘Eigenwelt’ responsible for achieving full individual potential in case of ‘Mitwelt’.
Marriage is like a groundnut, you must crack it to see what is inside: Examining romantic relationship rules in Akan proverbs
Authors: Dzokoto Vivian Afi Abui , Schug Joanna , Adonu Joseph , Nguyen Cindy
Published: July 2018

Proverbs are a valuable part of African culture. They transmit messages of shared, communal values about different facets of life inter-generationally. In an exploration of one West-African ethnic group, the Akan, the present study investigates messages that proverbs communicate about interpersonal relationships. A total of 79 Akan proverbs that addressed romantic relationships were examined using thematic analysis. The main components of advocated values as captured in the proverbs were identified. The thematic analysis determined that Akan romantic relationships tend to lean towards a “work-it-out” approach as opposed to the “soul mate” approach typical of Western romantic relationship norms. Overall, this study demonstrates that analyzing cultural artifacts such as proverbs can teach us about cultural rules that define relationships.
Espacios y realidades urbanas: procesos de intervención a través de la práctica social
Authors: Sosa Sánchez Roxana , Jivkova Semova Dimitrina
Published: July 2018

RESUMEN:
El crecimiento desmedido de las grandes ciudades vinculado a la urbanización como fenómeno constante en el paisaje actual del territorio, origina un espacio público cada vez más reducido frente a los efectos de la globalización, afectando finalmente a la interacción entre los ciudadanos. Uno de los retos actuales de la política urbana no es otro que subrayar la importancia de las dinámicas de proactividad y pensamiento crítico-innovador en el espacio público como herramientas para la articulación de la múltiple dimensión urbana. Se trata de prácticas orientadas a la implicación activa por parte de los ciudadanos en el proceso de planeamiento y configuración, a nivel político y social, de su ciudad.
Esta investigación, basada en el  proyecto europeo Erasmus+ Artivism: artistic practices as instruments for social transformation, actualmente en curso, se focaliza en los problemas de participación social de los jóvenes y la ciudadanía activa, y pretende responder a cuestiones relevantes en el proceso de conformación urbana tales como ¿cuál es la percepción de los jóvenes acerca del espacio público?, ¿qué tipología de conflictos sociales/urbanos perciben y cómo se podrían detectar en un espacio físico y/o virtual?
Uso de las TIC, Internet y redes sociales durante la campaña electoral exterior. Caso de las elecciones de los diputados de ultramar de la República Dominicana del 2012
Authors: Del Orbe Ayala Kenia Ramona
Published: July 2018

Actualmente la Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), Internet y las redes sociales están jugando un papel importante en el campo de la comunicación política electoral. En este artículo estudiamos su aplicación dentro de las campañas electorales. Nos planteamos como objetivo conocer el uso que ofrecieron a las citadas herramientas digitales los candidatos a diputados de ultramar de la República Dominicana que participaron en las elecciones del año 2012. Utilizamos la metodología cuantitativa a través de la técnica de investigación de la encuesta que realizamos a los encargados de comunicación de los postulantes. Los resultados arrojan: el uso pasivo que realizaron los candidatos a diputados de ultramar en cuanto a inversión publicitaria se refiere desde el entorno digital, las dos redes sociales más utilizadas en la campaña fueron Facebook y YouTube, hubo candidatos que prefirieron no utilizar páginas webs o blogs. La red social mejor valorada por las candidaturas fue Facebook y la peor valoradora LinkedIn. En conclusión descubrimos que una gran parte de los candidatos no realizó un uso estratégico de las TIC, Internet, y las redes sociales en la campaña electoral.
Inmersión y emersión en los juegos digitales. Un modelo de análisis
Authors: Gallastegui Samuel
Published: July 2018

En la últimas décadas la computación ubicua y los dispositivos geolocalizados han desdibujado el límite entre el espacio digital y el físico, y este hecho ha transformado la forma en que experimentamos ambos. Actualmente, ya no se produce solamente una inmersión en los juegos digitales, sino que el contenido del juego y la experiencia de la persona trascienden más allá de sus fronteras, emergiendo a la vida y al espacio cotidiano. Esta investigación pretende ofrecer un modelo analítico para reconocer los diferentes componentes que intervienen en la inmersión y la emersión, creando puntos de comparación entre ellos. Este modelo es válido tanto para determinar el grado de un videojuego particular en la escala entre inmersión y emersión, como para variarlo creativamente.
Google es noticia. Transformación de los marcos informativos sobre Google en la prensa española
Authors: García Romero Enrique , Ruiz San Román José Antonio , Serrano Oceja José Francisco
Published: July 2018

Fundada en 1998, en menos de veinte años, Google se ha convertido en una de las mayores multinacionales del mundo. Esta investigación estudia las informaciones periodísticas sobre Google, desde la perspectiva de la teoría del encuadre (framing). La pregunta propuesta es: ¿Ha cambiado la imagen que la prensa española proyecta sobre Google desde los inicios de la compañía a los últimos años? Para responder, se ha hecho un análisis de contenido de todos los textos periodísticos sobre Google publicados en 2004 y 2014 por “El País”, “El Mundo”, “ABC” y “La Vanguardia”. Mediante un protocolo de análisis, se han detectado los marcos informativos –news frames– presentes en cada texto periodístico. Los resultados de la investigación ponen de manifiesto que se ha producido una transformación de los marcos informativos sobre Google: de ser mayoritariamente positivos para la compañía estadounidense, a ser negativos. También se ha detectado que, en 2004, las informaciones sobre la empresa ponían el foco en cuestiones de tipo económico; mientras que, en 2014, los periódicos analizados prefirieron atribuir a Google la responsabilidad de una serie de problemas. El texto concluye que Google ya no es enmarcada por los principales diarios sólo como una empresa tecnológica que logra excelentes resultados económicos, sino como una compañía cuyas actividades afectan –con frecuencia, negativamente– a determinadas personas, grupos humanos y a otras compañías.
El tiempo en la fotografía: matrices culturales, cronotopos y auras digitales
Authors: Bañuelos Jacob
Published: July 2018

El Tiempo en la fotografía ha sido reflexión constante de notables autores preocupados por explicar las características de su fenomenología, expresadas tanto en el plano interpretativo, como representación y como objeto. Con la llegada de la tecnología digital, la expresión y lectura de la temporalidad en la fotografía ha cambiado respecto a su precedente analógica. ¿Cómo se lee el Tiempo en la fotografía, qué formas y valores adquiere en la matriz digital? Mediante una revisión de conceptos forjados por autores relevantes sobre el Tiempo en la fotografía como Benjamin (1931), Barthes (1980), Dubois (1986), Deleuze (1987), Manovich (2005) y Abril (1997), trazamos un recorrido en torno a conceptos que permiten comprender las formas y valores otorgados al Tiempo en la representación fotográfica desde su aparición hasta nuestros días, proponiendo un modelo de análisis dinámico de matrices culturales y cronotopos que permite explicar las temporalidades fotográficas y los nuevos valores asociados al Tiempo en la fotografía digital y explorar nuevas categorías implicadas en la experiencia fotográfica como el "aura punctum", el "momentum" y el "aura social".
Digital Data Visualization with Interactive and Virtual Reality Tools. Review of Current State of the Art and Proposal of a Model.
Authors: Rubio Tamayo Jose Luis , Barro Hernández Mario , Gómez Gómez Hernando
Published: July 2018

Massive and open data constitute a burgeoning field of study in the current context. The evolution of technology is, in turn, increasing its degree of interactivity, configuring several scenarios of great complexity in which data is understood on the basis of our interaction with it at different levels. Technologies such as virtual reality or augmented reality present an emerging framework for visualizing, representing and understanding information. Moreover, new disciplines such as interaction design, human-computer interaction, and user experience are needed to optimally configure the representation and design of data interaction dynamics, so that they can be implemented in contexts such as education. This paper reviews the current state of interactive and immersive technology (including virtual reality and alternative reality games) and of open and massive data, to highlight potential projections and propose models of data representation based on factors such as storytelling or user experience. This paper shows the need to develop models for data use and representation in fields such as education and citizen empowerment.
Periodismo de datos y transparencia al margen de los grandes medios
Authors: Cortés del Alamo Helena María , Elías Carlos , Luengo Cruz Maria
Published: July 2018

Todo está compuesto de datos, incluso nosotros mismos. El auge del “big data” ha colocado al periodismo de datos en el centro del debate. Mediante un análisis comparativo de entrevistas con profesionales del periodismo de datos en la americana ProPublica y la española Civio, este artículo busca esclarecer el modo en el que dichos profesionales perciben la relación entre periodismo de datos y transparencia (tanto institucional como periodística) a ambos lados del Atlántico. El estudio destaca que, aunque la percepción del trabajo y los procedimientos son muy similares en ambas redacciones, el mayor acceso a los datos públicos y las leyes de mecenazgo americanas hacen que Estados Unidos vaya un paso por delante en la incorporación del periodismo de datos.
Emisoras infantiles en internet. Análisis de una oferta alternativa para el niño-oyente
Authors: Barbeito Veloso Mª Luz , Perona Páez Juan José
Published: July 2018

La progresiva desaparición de los programas infantiles en la radio generalista se está viendo compensada por una expansión de emisoras destinadas a los niños, la mayoría de las cuales operan básicamente a través de internet. Este trabajo, que supone una primera aproximación a un fenómeno en auge, analiza la oferta de unas webradios que, con independencia de posibilitar la escucha de una programación más o menos regular en streaming o podcasting, se caracterizan por compartir con su audiencia una amplia gama de contenidos complementarios multimedia. La investigación, de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo, está basada en el estudio de 25 estaciones de diferentes países, especialmente de Europa y América Latina, y sus resultados evidencian cómo los espacios musicales, la ficción vehiculada a través de cuentos y relatos cortos, y los consejos para los padres se erigen en los principales denominadores comunes. Por otra parte, se trata de un conjunto de emisoras que cree en la educación en valores como uno de los motores de formación para la futura integración social de los niños y las niñas, que vela por los derechos de los más pequeños y que, sobre todo, apuesta por el diseño de contenidos alternativos.
Los community managers de las ONGD. Estudio de percepciones y usos de las redes sociales.
Authors: Arroyo-Almaraz Isidoro , Calle Mendoza Samuel
Published: July 2018

Las ONGD han recuperado la confianza de la sociedad gracias a las campañas de comunicación en redes sociales. Se investigan las percepciones y los usos que hacen de las redes sociales los Community managers de las ONGD. Sus objetivos son: conocer la inversión, la planificación y la eficacia en la utilización de las redes sociales y medir las percepciones de estos profesionales y el empleo que hacen de las redes sociales en las campañas de comunicación. Se usa una metodología basada en la obtención de datos cuantitativos a través de encuestación, utilizando como instrumentos la entrevista en profundidad y el cuestionario a los Community managers de las diez ONGD grandes y muy grandes calificadas por la AECID con mayor porcentaje de ingresos privados. Los resultados muestran que las ONGD consideran importante la figura del Community manager, incluyen las redes sociales en los planes estratégicos de comunicación. Facebook y Twitter son las redes más utilizadas, aunque cada una es utilizada para un público diferente. Los objetivos de comunicación para el que son necesarias las redes sociales, además de para la interacción con los usuarios, es el de la mejora de la imagen de la organización. La mejora de confianza no viene acompañada de una mayor inversión en redes sociales. Las conclusiones revelan que los profesionales están convencidos de la eficacia de las redes sociales, pero se abre una discusión sobre la carencia en los métodos de medición propios y la demanda de más inversión.