bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Formal Language For Specifying Visual Interface Signifiers
Authors: Abbate Andrew J. , Bass Ellen J.
Published: September 2016

User interfaces are often designed with signifiers that support end-users in understanding the function and meaning of device components. Formal methods have been successfully applied to support computational usability analyses early in the interface design cycle, without the need for a physical interface prototype. However limited support exists for applying formal methods to the analysis of signifiers. This paper presents the XML-based language of Browser-Integrated Guidance for Specifying Interface Signifiers (BIGSIS), a new approach that supports such an analysis. We employ BIGSIS-XML in a smart phone alarm clock case study to provide insight into the use of formal signifier specifications to inform the design of visual interface properties that operate as signifiers.
RSVP Reading on a Smart Watch
Authors: Gannon Erin , He Jibo , Gao Xuefei , Chaparro Barbara
Published: September 2016

Reading with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) has shown promise for optimizing screen space and increasing reading speed without compromising comprehension. Given the wide use of small-screen devices, the present study compared RSVP and traditional reading on three types of reading comprehension, reading speed, and subjective measures on a smart watch. Results confirm previous studies that show faster reading speed with RSVP without detracting from comprehension. Subjective data indicate that Traditional is strongly preferred to RSVP as a primary reading method. Given the optimal use of screen space, increased speed and comparable comprehension, future studies should focus on making RSVP a more comfortable format.
Performance in Vigilance Tasks is Related to Both State and Contextual Motivation
Authors: Dewar Alexis R. , Fraulini Nicholas W. , Claypoole Victoria L. , Szalma James L.
Published: September 2016

Vigilance, or sustained attention, is the ability to maintain attention to stimuli over a prolonged period of time. Synonymous with the study of sustained attention is the vigilance decrement, which is a decline in performance as a function of time on task. In the present study, we examined the effects of state motivation (i.e., motivation measured immediately prior to the task) and context-based motivation (i.e., motivation that stems from task instructions) on vigilance performance in a sensory-based vigilance task. Forty-three participants completed a 24-minute vigilance task, as well as measures of stress and workload. The results indicated that those higher in state intrinsic motivation and motivating instructions outperformed their peers in terms of hits and false alarms. We conclude that motivation may help facilitate vigilant attention.
Demonstration of the Traffic Aware Planner
Authors: Burke Kelly A. , Wing David J.
Published: September 2016

NASA has been developing and testing the Traffic Aware Strategic Aircrew Requests (TASAR) concept for aircraft operations featuring a NASA-developed cockpit automation tool, the Traffic Aware Planner (TAP), which computes traffic/hazard-compatible route changes to improve flight efficiency. The TAP technology is anticipated to save fuel and flight time and thereby provide immediate and pervasive benefits to the aircraft operator, as well as improving flight schedule compliance, passenger comfort, and pilot and controller work-load. Previous work has indicated the potential for significant benefits for TASAR-equipped aircraft, and a flight trial of the TAP software application in the National Airspace System has demonstrated its technical viability. As part of ongoing software research, development, and testing of the TAP software, we developed the capability to run the current build of the TAP software using the NASA Airspace and Traffic Operations Simulator (ATOS) with preloaded flight scenarios. Our demonstration is fully interactive and will allow participants to operate the TAP software on an iPad Air themselves, or observe the demonstrators operating it. The purpose of developing this capability is not only to assist with testing during software development, but also to acquaint researchers and potential stakeholders with the TAP human machine interface and the functionality and capabilities of the software itself.
Investigating Usability, User Preferences, Ergonomics, and Player Performance in StarCraft II
Authors: Schroeder Bradford L. , Leyva Kevin , Stowers Kimberly , Lewis Joanna E. , Sims Valerie K.
Published: September 2016

The present study investigated several factors hypothesized to affect player performance in a real-time strategy computer game, StarCraft II (SC2). User preferences for certain game settings (e.g., custom hotkey shortcuts) and peripheral equipment (e.g., gaming keyboards, laser mice) were surveyed along with usability perceptions and individual differences. In addition to these self-reports, participants uploaded replays of their perceived strongest SC2 games, offering a snapshot of players’ in-game behavioral data. Results indicated that perceived usability problems and higher neuroticism were linked to poorer performance, but multitasking tendencies and custom hotkeys were predictive of greater performance. Gaming keyboards were related to performance, although a performance benefit is inconclusive. Implications for individual differences, ergonomics, and usability are discussed.
Development of a Style Guide for the Traffic Flow Management Traffic Situation Display Graphical User Interface
Authors: Bastholm Robert , Masalonis Anthony , Yuditsky Tanya
Published: September 2016

Traffic Flow Management (TFM) functions to minimize airspace congestion and maximize safety and efficiency. TFM personnel at the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration use Traffic Situation Display (TSD) software to observe air traffic and weather systems and issue strategic congestion-mitigation initiatives to Air Traffic Control facilities. Since its initial deployment, the TSD has been augmented by many groups of developers. This distributed process has led to an inconsistent interface that does not always adhere to best usability practices, especially because during the initial stages of development there was little human factors involvement. This can have a detrimental effect on new users learning the interface and also may make experienced users more likely to make errors. We developed a style guide for an operational Air Traffic Management tool, and a companion consistency assessment, to help developers (a) adhere to usability principles for future software expansions and (b) bring older portions of the interface into compliance with user-centered design. We discuss the process of style guide development—including the unique aspects of the TFM user population and application domain and their implications for creating a style guide for TFM software—and the applicability of our guide beyond the TSD tool.
A Multi-Year Assessment of the Safety of Introducing Computer- Generated Aircraft into Live Air Combat Training
Authors: Sherwood Sarah , Neville Kelly , Mooney John“Bam Bam” , Ashlock Derek “Baffle” , Thom McLean Angus L. M. , Walwanis Melissa , Bolton Amy
Published: September 2016

In the U.S. Navy’s proposed Live-Virtual-Constructive (LVC) air combat training system, live F/A-18 aircraft will fly alongside virtual aircraft flown by pilots in simulators and constructive aircraft generated by computers. The Navy is using a human-centered, gradual, iterative, and research-based strategy to transition to LVC training. Part of this strategy entails a multi-year effort to preemptively identify and mitigate potential safety concerns associated with LVC training. Two cycles of event-driven interviews with 31 Navy aircrew and training professionals, followed by extensive review by two naval air combat subject-matter experts and other stakeholders, produced a list of LVC-related safety concerns. Researchers assessed the safety risk level of each concern to prioritize mitigation efforts. The latest cycle of data collection and subject-matter expert review, reported herein, focused on developing mitigations for the safety concerns and identifying characteristics of the current naval air combat training system that protect against LVC-induced perturbations.
Assessment of a Marksmanship Simulator as a Tool for Clothing and Individual Equipment Evaluation
Authors: Brown Stephanie A. T. , McNamara Jay A. , Choi Hyeg Joo , Mitchell K. Blake
Published: September 2016

Marksmanship performance has traditionally been used in the military to assess individual and unit operational readiness. In more recent years, marksmanship simulator trainers have been utilized to reduce cost and time for weapons handling training and skills retention. However, they have not been readily utilized for product and equipment evaluation purposes. This study assesses the sensitivity of the marksmanship simulator for use during clothing and individual equipment (CIE) product evaluation and systems integration. Marksmanship performance of eleven participants was assessed during live fire and simulator shooting scenarios while in firing positions and protective equipment that are known to have effects on performance. The consistency of the performance and performance differences observed across firing configurations and firing positions in this within-subjects study suggests that marksmanship simulator trainers are sensitive enough to provide valuable insights on performance interferences during CIE test and evaluation, while saving time and resources.
Understanding Differences in Helicopter Mission Sets Prior to Human Error Analysis
Authors: Morowsky Katarina , Funk Kenneth H.
Published: September 2016

Helicopters are essential for completion of many critical missions that are impossible for fixed-wing aircraft since they can operate around rough terrain and require minimal ground infrastructure. Like many complex environments, human error is thought to be a contributing factor for roughly eighty percent of helicopter accidents.

While the aviation industry favors umbrella strategies within the United States Federal Aviation Regulations, this approach may be less than optimal for rotor-wing operations given the diversity of tasks within different mission sets. To understand the differences in tasks across mission sets, interviews were conducted with pilots to create Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) models of tasks required to successfully complete Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) and Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) missions. The HTA models were compared to identify differences in tasks across missions. The tasks identified within the HTA models will be combined with findings from subsequent accident report analysis studies to develop mitigation strategies specific to helicopter missions.
Design Concepts to Support Management of Outpatient Consultations in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Militello Laura , Diiulio Julie , Russ Alissa , Savoy April , Flanagan Mindy , Patel Himalaya , Weiner Michael , Roudebush Richard L.
Published: September 2016

This poster describes a project to improve understanding of the challenges associated with managing consultations in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). We conducted interviews and observations with primary care providers and specialists at two VHA facilities. Using qualitative analysis, we identified cognitive requirements, challenges associated with each, and design seeds. During the poster session, we will present design concepts exploring interventions to support management of consultations.
The Relationship of Eye Movement, Workload, and Attention on Learning in a Computer-Based Training Program
Authors: Lum Heather C. , Greatbatch Richard L. , Waldfogle Grace E. , Benedict Jacob D. , Nembhard David A.
Published: September 2016

Computer-based training is a version of training that is becoming quite common. The Project Team Builder (PTB) program uses a computer simulation to help train individuals on how to correct a variety of problems faced by project managers. In this study, the use of a computer-based training program was utilized to assess learning and performance. To measure this, a Tobii T120 eye tracking system was employed to measure fixations and saccades of the participant while completing a training program. The task consisted of the completion of a project management training with assistance of the researcher, then again without assistance. It was hypothesized that performance would improve on the self-guided task after the completion of the assisted task. Results found that participants that completed the task quicker found it to be less mentally demanding. Number of fixations was found to be positively correlated with mental workload and perceived performance. This gives way to further research on computer-based training and the use of eye tracking systems for future program development.
PARO’s Stress-Reduction Potential for Older Adults
Authors: McGlynn Sean A. , Geiskkovitch Denise , Mitzner Tracy L. , Rogers Wendy A.
Published: September 2016

As the proportion of older adults in the United States is growing, there is a need to develop methods that enable older adults to maintain well-being in their own homes. Stress, if not managed properly, can hinder older adults’ ability to maintain well-being. Efforts focusing on the development of novel methods of stress reduction have identified pet-type robots as being potentially efficacious. The present research will test this effect in one such robot absent of other social interactions and will disentangle the robot attributes that contribute to stress-reduction. Data collection is ongoing, but current results suggest that PARO may reduce stress, but the specific stress-reducing attributes are still unclear. Upon study completion, the results of this research will provide insights into PARO’s potential to be a therapeutic tool for older adults and inform design of such robots to maximize their stress-reduction capabilities.
Identifying an Effect of Simulation Role Assignment on Critical Thinking Development in Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Weiler Dustin T. , Saleem Jason J.
Published: September 2016

With an increase in the number of nursing students and the limited number of open clinical positions, high-fidelity patient simulators (HFPS) have become the new norm. Multiple studies have evaluated HFPS effectiveness and several suggest that HFPS does has an effect on critical thinking. This study intends to provide data to support that suggestion. In addition, this study was designed to identify a possible correlation between role assignment and improvements in critical thinking after completion of a HFPS scenario. Analysis revealed that role assignment, for most of the roles, did have a statistically significant effect on the post-simulation critical thinking assessment scores. The relationship between role assignments and HFPS scenario outcomes (such as critical thinking), as well as the nature of the correlation, may help scenario developers better understand how critical thinking improvement can be affected by the involvement of the participant based on the roles assigned to them.
A Quantitative Measure for Shared and Complementary Situation Awareness
Authors: Cain Ashley A. , Edwards Tamsyn , Schuster David
Published: September 2016

As team structures evolve and become more complex, with human and automated agents working together to accomplish team goals, measurement approaches for system situation awareness must also adapt. This paper proposes a novel approach to the measurement of SA for human automation teams. Limitations of existing individual SA measurement approaches are highlighted with a particular focus on the sensitivity of current measures to knowledge held across human and automated agents in complex sociotechnical systems. We propose that elements from team communication data can be used as a basis for the quantification of shared and complementary situation awareness. We present a conceptual measurement approach for using communication data to measure shared and complementary situation awareness for human-automation teams, appropriate for both open or closed loop communication. This paper discusses how such a measurement approach would be applied specifically for human-automation teams, including automation that functions as decision aids, as managers, and automation that learns with the human operator, and discusses implications of our measure for training and design.
Containerization of high level architecture-based simulations: A case study
Authors: van den Berg Tom , Siegel Barry , Cramp Anthony
Published: September 2016

NATO and the nations use distributed simulation environments for various purposes, such as training, mission rehearsal, and decision support in acquisition processes. Consequently, modeling and simulation (M&S) has become a critical technology for the coalition and its nations. Achieving interoperability between participating simulation systems and ensuring credibility of results currently often requires enormous effort with regards to time, personnel, and budget. Recent technical developments in the area of cloud computing technology and service oriented architecture (SOA) may offer opportunities to better utilize M&S capabilities in order to satisfy NATO critical needs. A new concept that includes service orientation and the provision of M&S applications via the as-a-service model of cloud computing may enable composable simulation environments that can be deployed rapidly and on-demand. This new concept is known as M&S as a Service (MSaaS). There has also been the recent emergence of containerization as an alternative to virtualization. Containerization is the process of creating, packaging, distributing, deploying, and executing applications in a lightweight and standardized process execution environment known as a container. Because containers are, in principle, lightweight, they are suitable to serve as the vehicle for the provision of packaged (micro)services. Service orientation is an approach to the design of heterogeneous, distributed systems in which solution logic is structured in the form of interoperating services. This paper investigates various aspects of service orientation and containerization including simulation composition, networking, discovery, scalability, and overall performance. This investigation provides background information on the topics of service orientation, containerization, and Docker – a technology ecosystem for working with containers. A case study is presented for the use of Docker in support of a training simulation based on the high level architecture (HLA). The HLA is an IEEE standard architecture for distributed simulation environments that was originally developed for defense applications. The case study introduces a number of training use cases, and shows how Docker can be used to assist in their implementation. The performance impact of running a simulation within container technology is also investigated. The application of container technology to HLA-based simulations as presented in this paper is novel. The motivation for looking at this topic stems from the activity being conducted within NATO MSG-136.
A Carbon Nanoparticle Lymphatic Tracer Protected Parathyroid Glands During Radical Thyroidectomy for Papillary Thyroid Non-Microcarcinoma
Authors: Long Miaoyun , Luo Dingyuan , Diao Feiyu , Huang Mingqing , Huang Kai , Peng Xinzhi , Lin Shaojian , Li Honghao
Published: September 2016

The study assessed the role of an activated carbon nanoparticle lymphatic tracer in reducing unintentional damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid non-microcarcinoma diagnosed intraoperatively by cryosections. A total of 103 patients with papillary thyroid non-microcarcinomas diagnosed by intraoperative cryosection were randomly assigned to receive routine radical thyroidectomy or radical thyroidectomy following administration of activated carbon nanoparticle lymphatic tracer to the contralateral thyroid, at the department of Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital (Guangzhou, China), between January 2012 and May 2013. The success of level VI lymphadenectomy and postoperative parathyroid function were compared. Administration of the activated carbon nanoparticle lymphatic tracer did not affect the frequency of recovered lymph nodes containing metastases; however, it did significantly reduce the incidence of permanent and transient hypoparathyroidism from 2 to 0 and 18 to 6, and reduced the mean recovery time for transient hypoparathyroidism from 57.0 days to 22.3 days. Administration of activated carbon nanoparticles to the contralateral thyroid after intraoperative cryosections did not contribute to lymphadenectomy for papillary thyroid non-microcarcinoma, but significantly protected parathyroid functions. This approach could decrease the morbidity of radical thyroidectomy and the occurrence of hypoparathyroidism.
Study on fracture behaviors of nanocomposite ceramics under a high cycle stress
Authors: Chen Fan , Zhao Bo , Jia Xiaofeng , Tong Jinglin
Published: September 2016

In order to clarify the fracture behaviors of nanocomposite ceramics under ultrasonic vibration–aided grinding, the stress under ultrasonic was analyzed by non-local elastic theory. A similarity model of bending fracture experiment was built to allow online observation of fracture process, according to the actual conditions of fracture damage under ultrasonic vibration–aided grinding and the similarity law. The experiments validated the theoretical analysis: as the ultrasonic frequency increases, fatigue life is distinctively shorter, and the fatigue crack extends faster and is more stable; the deflection angle decreases as the ultrasonic frequency increases, and it is biggest (47.53°) under 19.9 kHz; the phase transition occurs in the fracture process and the amount of phase transformation increases with the increase in ultrasonic frequency and zirconia content, and it can reach the maximum value when the zirconia content is about 25% and then declines; the greater the ultrasonic frequency, the more obvious the transgranular fracture, the more microcracks on the crystal layers, and the more smooth the fracture surface.
Analytical and experimental study of a reverse circulation drill bit with an annular slit
Authors: Cao Pinlu , Chen Yunwang , Liu Miaomiao , Chen Baoyi , Wang Jinsong
Published: September 2016

A new type of drill bit designed with an annular slit was developed to enhance the reverse circulation effect of the down-the-hole hammer drilling technology. A computational fluid dynamics code, Fluent, was used to simulate the flow phenomena inside the drill bit. The simulation results show that the air flowing through the annular slit moves upward along the wall of the central passage of the annular drill bit and that there is no interference phenomenon similar to the normal drill bit, which is beneficial for the formation of reverse circulation. Meanwhile, the new drill bit with the annular slit was produced and tested in the laboratory. The results show that for the annular drill bit with the flushing nozzles closed, the mass flow rate of the sucked air is approximately 63.78 g/s, which is 1.76 times that of the normal drill bit, while it is about 2.46 times if the flushing nozzles are opened. In addition, many factors can affect the reverse circulation effect of the annular drill bit, including the slit width, the distance between the annular slit and the working surface of the drill bit, and the flow direction of the gas ejected from the annular slit.
Memory as evidence: How normal features of victim memory lead to the attrition of rape complaints
Authors: Hohl Katrin , Conway Martin A
Published: September 2016

The complainants’ memory of the rape is commonly the key and frequently the only evidence in the investigation and prosecution of rape allegations. Details, specificity and consistency in the victim’s recollection are central criteria that criminal justice agents – police, prosecutors and juries – use to assess the credibility of the victim account. However, memory research has shown these to be poor indicators of the accuracy of a memory. In this article we develop a conceptual model of the pathways through which normal features of the human memory result in complaints of rape dropping out of criminal justice process without a full investigation, prosecution or conviction, with a particular focus on the role of inconsistencies in the victim account. We provide initial, tentative evidence from a large, representative sample of rape complaints and discuss implications for criminal justice policy.
A miniature seven-hole probe air data system and its application on spin prediction
Authors: Li Shaoze , Gu Yunsong , Han Jiexing , Wang Qite
Published: September 2016

A miniature air data system based on a seven-hole probe was developed for real-time, in-flight measurement of wind flow deviation angle and inertial parameters. The system is very small in size and weighs only 150 g, especially suitable for flight tests with miniature unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is capable of measuring angle of attack (AOA) and angle of sideslip (AOS), ranging up to ±78°. The exposed part is a slender probe fixed on the nose of the aircraft, which is only 4 mm in diameter. A spin flight test was conducted with a delta-wing, slender body unmanned aircraft; experimental results demonstrate the complete spinning process. The synchronized measurement of AOA, AOS and angular rate clearly revealed the different phases of spin entry. Furthermore, a spin prediction criterion based on the sideslip changes at high AOA is given. Flight test results show that the prediction approach based on air data can forecast spin entry earlier than the conventional approach based on angular rate, which makes incipient spin detection possible.
The Liberal and Conservative Experience Across Academic Disciplines
Authors: Honeycutt Nathan , Freberg Laura
Published: September 2016

Inbar and Lammers asked members of APA Division 8 (personality and social psychology) about their political orientation, hostility experienced related to their political orientation, and their willingness to discriminate against others based on perceived political orientation. In this replication and extension, 618 faculty members from various academic disciplines across four California State University campuses completed an online questionnaire that added parallel questions about the liberal experience to the original questions about the conservative experience. Participants were overwhelmingly liberal in self-report across all academic areas except agriculture. The conservative minority reported experiencing more hostility than the liberal majority, but both groups expressed similar “in-group/out-group” attitudes. Results supported the ideological-conflict hypothesis for discrimination and a “birds of a feather flock together” interpretation of the lack of political diversity among the professoriate.
Measuring the effects of publication bias in political science
Authors: Esarey Justin , Wu Ahra
Published: September 2016

Prior research finds that statistically significant results are overrepresented in scientific publications. If significant results are consistently favored in the review process, published results could systematically overstate the magnitude of their findings even under ideal conditions. In this paper, we measure the impact of this publication bias on political science using a new data set of published quantitative results. Although any measurement of publication bias depends on the prior distribution of empirical relationships, we determine that published estimates in political science are on average substantially larger than their true value under a variety of reasonable choices for this prior. We also find that many published estimates have a false positive probability substantially greater than the conventional α = 0.05 threshold for statistical significance if the prior probability of a null relationship exceeds 50%. Finally, although the proportion of published false positives would be reduced if significance tests used a smaller α, this change would not solve the problem of upward bias in the magnitude of published results.
The menopause specialist and breast cancer survivorship
Authors: Marsden Jo
Published: September 2016

Due to improvement in survival rates, breast cancer is the most prevalent female malignancy in Europe and hence the management of breast cancer survivorship is garnering significant attention. Most of the health issues associated with treatment result from iatrogenic estrogen deficiency and recognition of this in the recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) menopause guidance has resulted in the recommendation for referral of breast cancer patients to menopause specialists for appropriate counselling about and management of early menopause, estrogen deficiency symptoms and lifestyle risk modification. The latter has significant implications for both all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality. Extending the role of health professionals with an interest in menopause to provide such service for breast cancer patients is necessary as this is not within the remit or expertise of specialist breast cancer teams; however it will in turn, require menopause specialists to expand and regularly update their knowledge of breast cancer and its treatment.
Pushback: Critical data designers and pollution politics
Authors: Fortun Kim , Poirier Lindsay , Morgan Alli , Costelloe-Kuehn Brandon , Fortun Mike
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we describe how critical data designers have created projects that ‘push back’ against the eclipse of environmental problems by dominant orders: the pioneering pollution database Scorecard, released by the US NGO Environmental Defense Fund in 1997; the US Environmental Protection Agency’s EnviroAtlas that brings together numerous data sets and provides tools for valuing ecosystem services; and the Houston Clean Air Network’s maps of real-time ozone levels in Houston. Drawing on ethnographic observations and interviews, we analyse how critical data designers turn scientific data and findings into claims and visualisations that are meaningful in contemporary political terms. The skills of critical data designers cross scales and domains; they must identify problems calling for public consideration, and then locate, access, link, and create visualisations of data relevant to the problem. We conclude by describing hazards ahead in work to leverage Big Data to understand and address environmental problems. Critical data designers need to understand what counts as a societal problem in a particular context, what doesn’t, what is seen as connected and not, what is seen as ethically charged, and what is exonerated and discounted. Such recognition is produced through interpretive, ‘close reading’ of the historical moment in which they operate.
Seismic Vulnerability of Wine Barrel Stacks
Authors: Candia Gabriel , Jaimes Miguel , Arredondo Cesar , de la Llera Juan Carlos , Favier Philomène
Published: September 2016

Recent earthquakes have shown that wine barrel stacks are highly susceptible to collapse, leading to large economic losses, downtime, and longer recovery periods. This study presents a methodology using a probabilistic approach for estimating the fragility functions and economic losses in barrel stacks. The seismic response of these systems was determined from the dynamic equilibrium equations that describe the position and orientation of each element. The analysis considered ground motions scaled at different intensity levels and different barrel stack configurations; the simulations enabled reproducing the most common collapse mechanisms observed in the field and in shaking table experiments. From a statistical analysis of the results, vulnerability functions were evaluated as the probability of being within a specific damage state for a given ground motion intensity. Additional numerical simulations were performed to study the effects of the inherent uncertainty of the interface parameters controlling the dynamic response and collapse sequence of the barrel stacks. Furthermore, this methodology was used to evaluate the impact effect and improvement of a base isolation solution as a damage mitigation measure.
Notch-Wnt-Bmp crosstalk regulates radial patterning in the mouse cochlea in a spatiotemporal manner
Authors: Munnamalai Vidhya , Fekete Donna M.
Published: September 2016

The sensory cells of the mammalian organ of Corti assume a precise mosaic arrangement during embryonic development. Manipulation of Wnt signaling can modulate the proliferation of cochlear progenitors, but whether Wnts are responsible for patterning compartments, or specific hair cells within them, is unclear. To address how the precise timing of Wnt signaling impacts patterning across the radial axis, mouse cochlear cultures were initiated at embryonic day 12.5 and subjected to pharmacological treatments at different stages. Early changes in major patterning genes were assessed to understand the mechanisms underlying alterations of compartments. Results show that Wnt activation can promote medial cell fates by regulating medially expressed Notch genes in a spatiotemporal manner. Wnts can also suppress lateral cell fates by antagonizing Bmp4 expression. Perturbation of the Notch and Bmp pathways revealed which secondary effects were linked to these pathways. Importantly, these effects on cochlear development are dependent on the timing of drug delivery. In conclusion, Wnt signaling in the cochlea influences patterning through complex crosstalk with the Notch and Bmp pathways at several stages of embryonic development.
Somatic stem cell differentiation is regulated by PI3K/Tor signaling in response to local cues
Authors: Amoyel Marc , Hillion Kenzo-Hugo , Margolis Shally R. , Bach Erika A.
Published: September 2016

Stem cells reside in niches that provide signals to maintain self-renewal, and differentiation is viewed as a passive process that depends on loss of access to these signals. Here, we demonstrate that the differentiation of somatic cyst stem cells (CySCs) in the Drosophila testis is actively promoted by PI3K/Tor signaling, as CySCs lacking PI3K/Tor activity cannot differentiate properly. We find that an insulin peptide produced by somatic cells immediately outside of the stem cell niche acts locally to promote somatic differentiation through Insulin-like receptor (InR) activation. These results indicate that there is a local ‘differentiation' niche that upregulates PI3K/Tor signaling in the early daughters of CySCs. Finally, we demonstrate that CySCs secrete the Dilp-binding protein ImpL2, the Drosophila homolog of IGFBP7, into the stem cell niche, which blocks InR activation in CySCs. Thus, we show that somatic cell differentiation is controlled by PI3K/Tor signaling downstream of InR and that the local production of positive and negative InR signals regulates the differentiation niche. These results support a model in which leaving the stem cell niche and initiating differentiation are actively induced by signaling.
Tissue-specific roles for sonic hedgehog signaling in establishing thymus and parathyroid organ fate
Authors: Bain Virginia E. , Gordon Julie , O'Neil John D. , Ramos Isaias , Richie Ellen R. , Manley Nancy R.
Published: September 2016

The thymus and parathyroids develop from third pharyngeal pouch (3rd pp) endoderm. Our previous studies show that Shh null mice have smaller, aparathyroid primordia in which thymus fate specification extends into the pharynx. SHH signaling is active in both dorsal pouch endoderm and neighboring neural crest (NC) mesenchyme. It is unclear which target tissue of SHH signaling is required for the patterning defects in Shh mutants. Here, we used a genetic approach to ectopically activate or delete the SHH signal transducer Smo in either pp endoderm or NC mesenchyme. Although no manipulation recapitulated the Shh null phenotype, manipulation of SHH signaling in either the endoderm or NC mesenchyme had direct and indirect effects on both cell types during fate specification and organogenesis. SHH pathway activation throughout pouch endoderm activated ectopic Tbx1 expression and partially suppressed the thymus-specific transcription factor Foxn1, identifying Tbx1 as a key target of SHH signaling in the 3rd pp. However, ectopic SHH signaling was insufficient to expand the GCM2-positive parathyroid domain, indicating that multiple inputs, some of which might be independent of SHH signaling, are required for parathyroid fate specification. These data support a model in which SHH signaling plays both positive and negative roles in patterning and organogenesis of the thymus and parathyroids.
Notch signaling promotes nephrogenesis by downregulating Six2
Authors: Chung Eunah , Deacon Patrick , Marable Sierra , Shin Juhyun , Park Joo-Seop
Published: September 2016

During nephrogenesis, multipotent mesenchymal nephron progenitors develop into distinct epithelial segments. Each nephron segment has distinct cell types and physiological function. In the current model of kidney development, Notch signaling promotes the formation of proximal tubules and represses the formation of distal tubules. Here, we present a novel role of Notch in nephrogenesis. We show in mice that differentiation of nephron progenitors requires downregulation of Six2, a transcription factor required for progenitor maintenance, and that Notch signaling is necessary and sufficient for Six2 downregulation. Furthermore, we find that nephron progenitors lacking Notch signaling fail to differentiate into any nephron segments, not just proximal tubules. Our results demonstrate how cell fates of progenitors are regulated by a transcription factor governing progenitor status and by a differentiation signal in nephrogenesis.
Sortilin regulates sorting and secretion of Sonic hedgehog
Authors: Campbell Charles , Beug Shawn , Nickerson Philip E. B. , Peng Jimmy , Mazerolle Chantal , Bassett Erin A. , Ringuette Randy , Jama Fadumo A. , Morales Carlos , Christ Annabel , Wallace Valerie A.
Published: September 2016

Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted morphogen that is an essential regulator of patterning and growth. The Shh full-length protein undergoes autocleavage in the endoplasmic reticulum to generate the biologically active N-terminal fragment (ShhN), which is destined for secretion. We identified sortilin (Sort1), a member of the VPS10P-domain receptor family, as a new Shh trafficking receptor. We demonstrate that Sort–Shh interact by performing coimmunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays in transfected cells and that they colocalize at the Golgi. Sort1 overexpression causes re-distribution of ShhN and, to a lesser extent, of full-length Shh to the Golgi and reduces Shh secretion. We show loss of Sort1 can partially rescue Hedgehog-associated patterning defects in a mouse model that is deficient in Shh processing, and we show that Sort1 levels negatively regulate anterograde Shh transport in axons in vitro and Hedgehog-dependent axon–glial interactions in vivo. Taken together, we conclude that Shh and Sort1 can interact at the level of the Golgi and that Sort1 directs Shh away from the pathways that promote its secretion.
Regulation of Hspb7 by MEF2 and AP-1: implications for Hspb7 in muscle atrophy
Authors: Tobin Stephanie Wales , Yang Dabo , Girgis John , Farahzad Ali , Blais Alexandre , McDermott John C.
Published: September 2016

Mycocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription complexes have been individually implicated in myogenesis, but their genetic interaction has not previously been addressed. Using MEF2A, c-Jun and Fra-1 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data and predicted AP-1 consensus motifs, we identified putative common MEF2 and AP-1 target genes, several of which are implicated in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Because muscle atrophy results in remodelling or degradation of the actin cytoskeleton, we characterized the expression of putative MEF2 and AP-1 target genes (Dstn, Flnc, Hspb7, Lmod3 and Plekhh2) under atrophic conditions using dexamethasone (Dex) treatment in skeletal myoblasts. Heat shock protein b7 (Hspb7) was induced by Dex treatment and further analyses revealed that loss of MEF2A using siRNA prevented Dex-regulated induction of Hspb7. Conversely, ectopic Fra-2 or c-Jun expression reduced Dex-mediated upregulation of Hspb7 whereas AP-1 depletion enhanced Hspb7 expression. In vivo, expression of Hspb7 and other autophagy-related genes was upregulated in response to atrophic conditions in mice. Manipulation of Hspb7 levels in mice also impacted gross muscle mass. Collectively, these data indicate that MEF2 and AP-1 confer antagonistic regulation of Hspb7 gene expression in skeletal muscle, with implications for autophagy and muscle atrophy.
Baroreflex regulation affects ventilation in the Cururu toad Rhinella schneideri
Authors: Zena Lucas A. , da Silva Glauber S. F. , Gargaglioni Luciane H. , Bícego Kênia C.
Published: September 2016

Anurans regulate short-term oscillations in blood pressure through changes in heart rate (fH), vascular resistance and lymph hearts frequency. Lung ventilation in anurans is linked to blood volume homeostasis by facilitating lymph return to the cardiovascular system. We hypothesized that the arterial baroreflex modulates pulmonary ventilation in the Cururu toad Rhinella schneideri, and that this relationship is temperature-dependent. Pharmacologically induced hypotension (sodium nitroprusside) and hypertension (phenylephrine) increased ventilation (25°C: 248.7±25.7; 35°C: 351.5±50.2 ml kg−1 min−1) and decreased ventilation (25°C: 9.0±6.6; 35°C: 50.7±15.6 ml kg−1 min−1), respectively, relative to control values from Ringer's injection (25°C: 78.1±17.0; 35°C: 137.7±15.5 ml kg−1 min−1). The sensitivity of the ventilatory response to blood pressure changes was higher during hypotension than hypertension (25°C: -97.6±17.1 vs. -23.6±6.0 breaths min−1 kPa−1; 35°C: -141.0±29.5 vs. -28.7±6.4 breaths min−1 kPa−1, respectively), while temperature had no effect on those sensitivities. Hyperoxia (30%; 25°C) diminished ventilation, but did not abolish the ventilatory response to hypotension, indicating a response independent of peripheral chemoreceptors. Although there are previous data showing increased fH baroreflex sensitivity from 15 to 30°C in this species, further increases in temperature (35°C) diminished fH baroreflex gain (40.5±5.62 vs. 21.6±4.64 % kPa−1). Therefore, besides a pulmonary ventilation role in matching O2 delivery to demand at higher temperatures in anurans, it also plays a role in blood pressure regulation, independent of temperature, possibly owing to an interaction between baroreflex and respiratory areas in the brain, as previously suggested for mammals.
Δύο πολιτικά στιχουργήματα του Παναγιώτη Κοδρικά
Authors: Δημάκης Ιωάννης Δ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ελληνική Βιβλιογραφία 1800-1863. Προσθήκες, Διορθώσεις, Συμπληρώσεις (Μονόφυλλα του Αγώνος, 1820-1827)
Authors: Μαζαράκης Αινιάν Ιωάννης Κ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Η Γενική Έκθεσις της ταχυδρομικής υπηρεσίας (1829-1861) του Γενικού Διευθυντού των Ταχυδρομείων Θ . Λεονάρδου
Authors: Μακρυμίχαλος Στεφ. Ι.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Νικόλαος Γεωργιάδης, συνεργάτης του «Λόγιου Ερμή»
Authors: Φραγκίσκος Εμμ. Ν.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ο Βύρων επικριτής του Χριστόπουλου; Θέματα σχέσεων Ελλήνων και ξένων λογίων
Authors: Φασουλάκης Στέργιος
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Οι μεταφράσεις του Καρασούτσα
Authors: Μαστροδημήτρης Π. Δ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ελληνική Βιβλιογραφία 1800–1863. Διορθώσεις και Συμπληρώσεις
Authors: Layton Evro
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ένα αβιβλιογράφητο φυλλάδιο του Ν. Κεφαλά
Authors: Δρούλια Λουκία
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Οι μνείες του Σολωμού και του Ρήγα στο «Journal» του Villeneuve
Authors: Δρούλια Λουκία
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ελληνική Βιβλιογραφία 1800–1863. Προσθήκες (Έντυπα Γενναδείου Βιβλιοθήκης)
Authors: Δημητρακοπούλου Ευρ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ο W. Τ. Krug και οι Έλληνες. Η ελληνική μετάφραση του «Griechenlands Wiedergeburt»
Authors: Αργυροπούλου Ρωξάνη Δ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Η έκδοση της εφημερίδος «Ημέρα» στην Τεργέστη στα 1855. Από τήν ανέκδοτη αλληλογραφία του ιδρυτού της Σμυρναίου λογίου και δημοσιογράφου Ι. Ισ. Σκυλίτση
Authors: Μακρυμίχαλος Στέφανος Σ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Το βενετικό τυπογραφείο του Αγίου Γεωργίου (1850-1882)
Authors: Πλουμίδης Γ. Σ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Συμβολή στη μελέτη της διακινήσεως του βιβλίου επί Τουρκοκρατίας. Χειρόγραφες αποδείξεις δανεισμού βιβλίων από τη Βιβλιοθήκη Κοζάνης των ετών 1821-1863
Authors: Σαμπανόπουλος Β. Γ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Δύο νεανικές παρουσίες του Λασκαράτου σε δικαστήρια της Κεφαλονιάς (1843 και 1847)
Authors: Λουκάτος Δημ. Σ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Βιβλιογραφικό σημείωμα για τον Ανδρόνικο Νούκιο
Authors: Μιχαηλίδης Δημ. Κ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ανέκδοτα ζακυνθινά έγγραφα (1547-1826)
Authors: Κονόμος Ντίνος
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Οι πολιτικές σάτιρες του 1830 στην Κεφαλονιά και ο Παναγιώτης Βεργωτής
Authors: Αλισανδράτος Γ. Γ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Αντιβολή του κειμένου της Εξαβίβλου του Αρμενοπούλου κατά νέο σύμμικτο κώδικα της Μονής Ομπλού
Authors: Τσελίκας Αγαμέμνων
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ο «Δελφικός Λόγος» του Σικελιανού (Λύση ενός βιβλιογραφικού προβλήματος)
Authors: Σαββίδης Γ. Π.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Προσθήκη
Authors: Αλισανδράτος Γ. Γ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Τα παλαιά ελληνικά βιβλία του Ελληνικού Κολλεγίου του Αγίου Αθανασίου της Ρώμης. Με Συμπληρώσεις στις Βιβλιογραφίες των Ε. Legrand και Δ. Γκίνη — Β. Μέξα
Authors: Φώσκολος Μάρκος
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Μιά σύγκριση ανάμεσα στις δύο εκδόσεις της Ιστορίας του Κ. Παπαρρηγοπούλου
Authors: Λάππας Κ. , Μιχαηλάρης Π.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Ιωάννη Βελούδη δημοσιεύματα (1830-1893)
Authors: Μοσχονάς Ν. Γ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Contribution à la bibliographie des cartes géographiques sur la Grèce et la Turquie, 1821-1833
Authors: Dimakis Jean
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Η δίωξη της εφημερίδας «Ο Απόλλων»
Authors: Λούκος Χρήστος Κ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
Τα παλαιά ελληνικά βιβλία της Μαρκιανής Βιβλιοθήκης Βενετίας με προσθήκη αγνώστων εκδόσεων. Παράρτημα: Μονόφυλλα του τέλους του ΙΗ΄ αιώνα
Authors: Πλουμίδης Γ. Σ.
Published: September 2016

No abstract
mouseTube – a database to collaboratively unravel mouse ultrasonic communication
Authors: Torquet Nicolas , de Chaumont Fabrice , Faure Philippe , Bourgeron Thomas , Ey Elodie
Published: September 2016

Ultrasonic vocalisation is a broadly used proxy to evaluate social communication in mouse models of neuropsychiatric disorders. The efficacy and robustness of testing these models suffer from limited knowledge of the structure and functions of these vocalisations as well as of the way to analyse the data. We created mouseTube, an open database with a web interface, to facilitate sharing and comparison of ultrasonic vocalisations data and metadata attached to a recording file. Metadata describe 1) the acquisition procedure, e.g., hardware, software, sampling frequency, bit depth; 2) the biological protocol used to elicit ultrasonic vocalisations; 3) the characteristics of the individual emitting ultrasonic vocalisations (e.g., strain, sex, age). To promote open science and enable reproducibility, data are made freely available. The website provides searching functions to facilitate the retrieval of recording files of interest. It is designed to enable comparisons of ultrasonic vocalisation emission between strains, protocols or laboratories, as well as to test different analysis algorithms and to search for protocols established to elicit mouse ultrasonic vocalisations. Over the long term, users will be able to download and compare different analysis results for each data file. Such application will boost the knowledge on mouse ultrasonic communication and stimulate sharing and comparison of automatic analysis methods to refine phenotyping techniques in mouse models of neuropsychiatric disorders.