bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Pola Hidup Sehat dalam Mengontrol Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa bagi Anggota Prolanis Puskesmas Trosobo, Sidoarjo saat Pandemi COVID – 19
Authors: Nurdianto Arif Rahman , Anhar Citra Amaniah , Anwari Farida , Charisma Acivrida Mega , Farida Elis Anita
Published: November 2021

Saat ini di dunia sedang dilanda oleh sebuah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV 2 atau yang dikenal dengan COVID-19. Pada orang lanjut usia dan memiliki riwayat penyakit kronis dapat mengakibatkan munculnya komplikasi yang lebih buruk. Seseorang dengan kadar glukosa darah tidak terkontrol, akan membuat prognosis COVID-19 semakin memburuk dan menyebabkan kematian. Puskesmas Trosobo, terdapat 50 anggota peserta prolanis yang aktif dengan kegiatan aktifnya setiap bulan. Saat pandemi Covid-19 kegiatan Prolanis terhambat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang kami laksanakan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya peranan edukasi pola hidup sehat untuk mengkontrol kadar glukosa darah puasa anggota Prolanis di Puskesmas Trosobo selama pandemi Covid-19. Mayoritas anggota prolanis yang menjadi peserta kegiatan pengmas adalah berjenis kelamin perempuan, berusia 55-65 tahun, latar belakang pendidikan SMA, bekerja sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga (IRT), dan tidak teratur dalam keteraturan kontrol berobat selama pandemi COVID-19. Pemberian edukasi pola hidup sehat pada masa pandemi COVID-19 terbukti efektif dan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan mulai dari perubahan pola hidup sehat (p value = 0,043) dan penurunan kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa (p value = 0,043) pada anggota Prolanis Puskesmas Trosobo, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.
Penguatan Peran Orangtua Dalam Mendampingi Siswa SLB Belajar Daring
Authors: Fitria Erlin , Amalia Ulfa , Handayani Irma
Published: November 2021

Pandemi Covid 19 yang masih berlangsung hingga saat ini merubah tatanan masyarakat, diantaranya adalah aspek pendidikan. Pembelajaran tatap muka beralih menjadi pembelajaran daring. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring memerlukan peran yang besar dari orangtua. Peran orangtua diantaranya adalah menjaga, mendampingi, membimbing, memotivasi dan memberikan edukasi. Orangtua dituntut untuk selalu siap mendampingi putra/putri dalam belajar daring. Khusus bagi siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus sangat bergantung dengan keterlibatan orangtua dalam setiap aktivitas. Implementasi peran orangtua di lapangan tentunya mengalami beberapa hambatan, diantaranya kesulitan orangtua dalam mengatur waktu antara bekerja dan mendampingi putra/putri dalam belajar daring, sehingga berdampak pada kurang optimalnya pencapaian belajar pada diri siswa. Selain itu kesulitan orangtua dalam mengajak putra/putri untuk belajar juga menjadi permasalahan yang mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Berangkat dari permasalahan yang dialami mitra maka penulis memberikan solusi dengan cara memberikan penguatan psikologis pada orangtua siswa berkebutuhan khusus agar mendapatkan arahan dan motivasi dalam mendampingi siswa dalam pembelajaran daring. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui workshop dan tanya jawab. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di SLB Tunas Sejahtera yang beralamat di Seyegan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Peserta workshop sebanyak 20 orang tua siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Pembatasan jumlah peserta dilakukan karena menyesuaikan kondisi pandemi saat ini. Hasil dari workshop yaitu meningkatnya pemahaman orangtua tentang pengasuhan pada anak, selain itu menguatnya komitmen orangtua untuk bersama-sama dengan pihak sekolah dalam membimbing anak untuk mencapai kemandirian. Orangtua juga semakin memahami pentingnya membangun keluarga yang resiliens agar selalu dapat bertahan dan menemukan solusi dalam menghadapi tekanan dalam mengasuh anak berkebutuhan khusus.
Communal Marketplace Berbasis Koperasi sebagai Salah Satu Terobosan Inovasi bagi Pelaku UMKM Indonesia di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Anugrah Audito Aji , Wahyono Seno Aji
Published: November 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 merupakan salah satu wabah yang khususnya memberikan dampak perekonomian bagi pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah. Adanya pembatasan aktivitas kegiatan ekonomi menyebabkan para pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah kehilangan akses dalam memasarkan produknya. Solusi atas permasalahan tersebut dapat dijawab dengan melakukan promosi secara digital. Kegiatan Promosi Digital salah satunya adalah marketplace. Belajar dari marketplace arus utama dimana menggunakan sistem sharing economy dan teknologi peer to peer dalam proses bisnisnya. Melalui Artikel ini, akan mencoba mengeksplorasi bahwa dimasa pandemic COVID-19 para pelaku UMKM dapat membentuk sebuah marketplace kepemilikan bersama (communal marketplace) dengan mengadopsi teknologi dari marketplace arus utama. Namun tentunya dalam membentuk tersebut perlu peran kolaborasi antara pemerintah dan perguruan tinggi dalam menciptakan communal marketplace tersebut. Tentunya dalam menciptakan model bisnis tersebut terdapat tantang yang dihadapi dan harapannya dapat diaplikasikan dan dikembangkan melalui sebuah pilot project.
Analisis Efisiensi Pelaksanaan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Inventarisasi Aset Daerah Pada Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan
Authors: Manurung Ria , Rizkina Miftha
Published: November 2021

Diharapkan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Inventarisasi Aset Daerah ini, di kantor kecamatan akan lebih efisien, cepat dan akurat. Metode Pengembangan Sistem dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) dengan model Waterfall. Metode untuk evaluasi sistem teridiri dari Pengumpulan Sumber Data, Menentukan Hipotesis, Uji Normalitas, Uji Hipotesis (Ho : Tidak ada perbedaan waktu dan kevalidan data yang signifikan dalam pengelolaan inventarisasi aset daerah barang sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Inventarisasi Aset Daerah. Hi : Ada perbedaan waktu dan kevalidan data yang signifikan dalam  pengelolaan inventarisasi aset daerah sebelum dan sesudah) dan Interpretasi Hasil. Sistem Informasi Inventarisasi Aset Daerah Kecamatan Purwokerto Selatan sangat efisien sebagai alternatif pembuatan laporan inventarisasi barang. Sistem ini dibanding inventarisasi manual mempunyai keunggulan-keunggulan berdasarkan kegunaan, kemudahan mempelajari, keefisiensi sistem  dan keakuratan data.
Analisis Adversity Quotient Wirausaha UMKM Industri Kreatif di Era Pandemi Covid di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Cahayani Ati , Gunawan Aristo Surya
Published: November 2021

Abstrak. Wirausaha, khususnya pemilik UMKM, dalam bidang industri apa pun sering kali menghadapi ketidakpastian dalam menjalankan bisnisnya. Tetapi di era Pandemi Covid-19 seperti sekarang ini, tingkat ketidakpastian sangat tinggi, dan bahkan terjadi disrupsi dalam berbagai bidang. Situasi yang sangat tidak pasti ini menuntut adanya kecerdasan dalam menghadapi masalah atau kesulitan, atau biasa disebut sebagai adversity quotient. Penelitian ini mengkaji adversity quotient yang dimililki oleh wirausaha UMKM khususnya untuk industri kreatif di DKI Jakarta. 

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposif dan convenient. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan teknik analisis konten.

Adapun hasil analisis penelitian ini adalah, informan yang diwawancarai memiliki adversity quotient yang tinggi, di mana mereka tetap berusaha mencari jalan keluar agar bisnis mereka tetap dapat berjalan. Walaupun seluruh informan mengakui mereka mendapat atau menghadapi masalah selama menjalani bisnis, mereka tetap merasa yakin dapat mengatasi masalahnya. Walaupun ada informan yang pernah berganti bisnis, tetapi informan tersebut tidak “kapok” menjadi wirausaha.
Analisis Studi Kelayakan Usaha Pendirian Ricebowl Ikan Tuna Suwir Mangathat Di Malang
Authors: Purnomo Purnomo , Ekawati Yurida , Noya Sunday , Hadi Yuswono , Oktiarso Teguh , Kartika Novenda
Published: November 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan investasi dalam pendirian IKM ricebowl ikan tuna yang beralamat di Kelurahan Tegalgondo Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di industri rumahan bernama IKM Ricebowl Ikan Tuna Suwir, yang merupakan Industri Kecil dan Menengah  pengolah makanan. Terjadinya wabah Covid-19 di tahun 2020 ini mengakibatkan permintaan akan produk IKM menurun karena tempat kuliner yang menjalin kerjasama  masih menutup usahanya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juni - Juli 2020 dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu aspek pasar dan pemasaran, aspek teknis dan produksi, aspek organisasi dan manajemen, serta aspek finansial dengan perhitungan kelayakan investasi berupa Payback Period (PP) (Present Value)  usaha makanan ricebowl   akan  menghasilkan  manfaat  bersih sebesar Rp. 276.258.850. dengan umur usaha  4  tahun.  Nilai  IRR  (Internal  Rate  of Return) yang diperoleh sebesar 36% > 15, 20% (IRR>DR).   Nilai   ini   menunjukan   bahwa tingkat  pengembalian usaha  IKM ricebowl  dalam kondisi optimal. Analisis pasar dan pemasaran menunjukkan bahwa prospek IKM ricebowl ikan tuna cukup baik, dilihat dari peningkatan jumlah permintaan setiap tahun.
Prototipe Aplikasi SiMaRCo (System Material Request Control) dalam Mendukung Pengendalian Persediaan Pada PT. Angkasa Pura Solusi
Authors: Soleh Oleh , Wahyudin Muhamad , Laksana Anggit Cahya
Published: November 2021

Keberhasilan suatu perusahaan bisa dimulai dari baiknya sistem permintaan peralatan yang ada diperusahaan tersebut. Pengendalian permintaan peralatan perlu diperhatikan oleh perusahaan karena sangat menentukan kelancaran kegiatan operasional dalam mencapai keuntungan sebesar-besarnya dengan biaya seminimal mungkin. Saat ini sistem permintaan peralatan yang berjalan pada PT. Angkasa Pura Solusi kurang optimal, karena perhitungan anggaran nilai kontrak dengan biaya permintaan peralatan yang diajukan, pelaporan peralatan terpakai, dan laporan permintaan peralatan yang dibutuhkan masih menggunakan Ms. Excel. Hal ini mengakibatkan waktu yang tidak efektif serta sering terjadi kesalahan permintaan peralatan yang diperlukan di area dan mengakibatkan pengeluaran biaya operasional yang meningkat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan sistem permintaan peralatan berbasis Android agar terciptanya sistem yang lebih cepat, tepat dan akurat. Adapun metode perancangan sistem dengan menggunakan Prototype, karena metode perancangan ini sangat penting dilakukan sebelum membangun sistem permintaan peralatan menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien.
MAFLD enhances clinical practice for liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Kawaguchi Takumi , Tsutsumi Tsubasa , Nakano Dan , Eslam Mohammed , George Jacob , Torimura Takuji
Published: November 2021

Fatty liver is now a major cause of liver disease in the Asia-Pacific region. Liver diseases in this region have distinctive characteristics. First, fatty liver is frequently observed in lean/normal-weight individuals. However, there is no standard definition of this unique phenotype. Second, fatty liver is often observed in patients with concomitant viral hepatitis. The exclusion of viral hepatitis from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease limits its value and detracts from the investigation and holistic management of coexisting fatty liver in patients with viral hepatitis. Third, fatty liver-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally categorized as non-B non-C HCC. Fourth, the population is aging rapidly, and it is imperative to develop a practicable, low-intensity exercise program for elderly patients. Fifth, most patients and nonspecialized healthcare professionals still lack an awareness of the significance of fatty liver both in terms of intrahepatic and extrahepatic disease and cancer. Recently, an international expert panel proposed a new definition of fatty liver: metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). One feature of MAFLD is that metabolic dysfunction is a prerequisite for diagnosis. Pertinent to regional issues, MAFLD also provides its diagnostic criteria in lean/normal-weight individuals. Furthermore, MAFLD is independent of any concomitant liver disease, including viral hepatitis. Therefore, MAFLD may be a more suitable definition for fatty liver in the Asia-Pacific region. In this review, we introduce the regional characteristics of fatty liver and discuss the advantages of MAFLD for improving clinical practice for liver disease in the region.
Climatic factors influencing New Zealand pasture resilience under scenarios of future climate change
Authors: Keller Elizabeth , Lieffering Mark , Guo Jing , Baisden W Troy , Ausseil Anne-Gaelle
Published: November 2021

New Zealand’s intensively managed pastoral agricultural systems are vulnerable to climate change because of their dependence on grazing livestock and pasture as the primary feed supply. Drawing from recent modelling results, annual pasture yields in New Zealand are projected to be robust to a changing climate due to more favourable growing conditions in winter and early spring and increased plant efficiencies from the CO2 fertilization effect. However, growth is also expected to become more variable and unpredictable, particularly in water-limited regions. A combination of short-term, incremental changes (already part of current practice) and longer-term strategic interventions will be necessary to maintain consistent feed supply under future climate change.
Human Rights, Posthuman Ethics, and the Material Aesthetics of Flight in Contemporary Irish Poetry
Authors: Karhio Anne
Published: November 2021

This article examines a series of poems by Irish authors, and focuses on their engagement with human rights violations and conflicts through the metaphors and imagery of flight and the aerial view. It argues that these poems address the need for a shift away from the perspective of a defined, distinct human subject, and towards a posthumanist framework which emphasizes relational, situated, and embodied ethics and aesthetics in an interconnected world. Since the introduction of modern aviation, Irish poets have frequently employed the imagery of flying to consider poetry's role in relation to conflict and crisis. Here, the adoption of visual and material metaphors of flight and aerial travel in human rights contexts is discussed, particularly in poems by Seamus Heaney, Peter Sirr and Justin Quinn. Through a reimagined poetics of flight, these poets question established dichotomies between proximity and distance, and material embodiment and disembodied abstraction.
COVID-19 related anxieties do not decrease support for liberal democracy
Authors: Anghel Veronica , Schulte - Cloos Julia
Published: November 2021

Studies carried out at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed that under the impression of fear individuals were more willing to tolerate violations of liberal-democratic norms, and supported discriminatory policies to preserve public safety. But what are the potential consequences of the pandemic on citizens’ attitudes beyond its peak? We conducted an original experiment in which we manipulate individuals’ cognitive accessibility of their fears related to COVID-19 one and a half years after the onset of the pandemic. We fielded the experiment in Hungary and Romania–two cases most likely to see such attitudes amplify under the condition of fear. Our intervention was successful in elevating respondents’ levels of worry, anxiety, and fear when thinking about infectious diseases like COVID-19. However, these emotions did not affect individuals’ levels of rightwing authoritarianism, nationalism, or outgroup hostility, or their preferences for specific discriminatory policies aimed to fight a potential resurgence of COVID-19.
Vascular Dysfunction in Malaria: Understanding the Role of the Endothelial Glycocalyx
Authors: Bush Margaret A. , Anstey Nicholas M. , Yeo Tsin W. , Florence Salvatore M. , Granger Donald L. , Mwaikambo Esther D. , Weinberg J. Brice
Published: November 2021

Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum results in over 400,000 deaths annually, predominantly affecting African children. In addition, non-falciparum species including vivax and knowlesi cause significant morbidity and mortality. Vascular dysfunction is a key feature in malaria pathogenesis leading to impaired blood perfusion, vascular obstruction, and tissue hypoxia. Contributing factors include adhesion of infected RBC to endothelium, endothelial activation, and reduced nitric oxide formation. Endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) protects the vasculature by maintaining vessel integrity and regulating cellular adhesion and nitric oxide signaling pathways. Breakdown of eGC is known to occur in infectious diseases such as bacterial sepsis and dengue and is associated with adverse outcomes. Emerging studies using biochemical markers and in vivo imaging suggest that eGC breakdown occurs during Plasmodium infection and is associated with markers of malaria disease severity, endothelial activation, and vascular function. In this review, we describe characteristics of eGC breakdown in malaria and discuss how these relate to vascular dysfunction and adverse outcomes. Further understanding of this process may lead to adjunctive therapy to preserve or restore damaged eGC and reduce microvascular dysfunction and the morbidity/mortality of malaria.
Regime Shifts in Glacier and Ice Sheet Response to Climate Change: Examples From the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Marshall Shawn J.
Published: November 2021

Glaciers and ice sheets are experiencing dramatic changes in response to recent climate change. This is true in both mountain and polar regions, where the extreme sensitivity of the cryosphere to warming temperatures may be exacerbated by amplification of global climate change. For glaciers and ice sheets, this sensitivity is due to a number of non-linear and threshold processes within glacier mass balance and glacier dynamics. Some of this is simply tied to the freezing point of water; snow and ice are no longer viable above 0°C, so a gradual warming that crosses this threshold triggers the onset of melting or gives rise to an abrupt regime shift between snowfall and rainfall. Other non-linear, temperature-dependent processes are more subtle, such as the evolution from polythermal to temperate ice, which supports faster ice flow, a shift from meltwater retention to runoff in temperate or ice-rich (i.e., heavily melt-affected) firn, and transitions from sublimation to melting under warmer and more humid atmospheric conditions. As melt seasons lengthen, there is also a longer snow-free season and an expansion of glacier ablation area, with the increased exposure of low-albedo ice non-linearly increasing melt rates and meltwater runoff. This can be accentuated by increased concentration of particulate matter associated with algal activity, dust loading from adjacent deglaciated terrain, and deposition of impurities from industrial and wildfire activity. The loss of ice and darkening of glaciers represent an effective transition from white to grey in the world's mountain regions. This article discusses these transitions and regime shifts in the context of challenges to model and project glacier and ice sheet response to climate change.
Importance of Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity Threshold in Risk Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension-Long-Term Outcome of Patients Submitted to Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Garcia-Ribas Cora , Ble Mirea , Gómez Miquel , Mas-Stachurska Aleksandra , Farré-López Núria , Cladellas Mercè
Published: November 2021

Background: The upper physiological threshold for tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) of 2.8 m/s proposed by the Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) guidelines had been questioned. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative PH in patients with aortic stenosis, long-term after valve replacement, using two different TRV thresholds (2.55 and 2.8 m/s).

Methods: Four hundred and forty four patients were included (mean age 73 ± 9 years; 55% male), with a median follow-up of 5.8 years (98% completed). Patients were divided into three PH probability groups according to guidelines (low, intermediate and high) for both thresholds (TRV ≤ 2.8 m/s and TRV ≤ 2.55 m/s), using right atrial area>18 cm2 and right ventricle/left ventricle ratio>1 as additional echocardiographic variables.

Results: In patients with measurable TRV (n = 304), the low group mortality rate was 25% and 30%, respectively for 2.55 and 2.8 m/s TRV thresholds. The intermediate group with TRV > 2.55 m/s was an independent mortality risk factor (HR 2.04; 95% CI: 1.91 to 3.48, p = 0.01), in contrast to the intermediate group with TRV>2.8 m/s (HR 1.44; 95% CI: 0.89 to 2.32, p = 0.14). Both high probability groups were associated with an increased mortality risk, as compared to their respective low groups. When including all patients (with measurable and non-measurable TRV), both intermediate groups remained independently associated with an increased mortality risk: HR 1.62 (95% CI 1.11 to 2.35 p = 0.01) for the new cut-off point; and HR 1.43 (95% CI: 0.96 to 2.13, p = 0.07) for guidelines threshold.

Conclusion: A TRV threshold of 2.55 m/s, together with right cavities measures, allowed a better risk assessment of patients with PH secondary to severe aortic stenosis, with or without tricuspid regurgitation.
Geological Characteristics and Exploration Prospect of Black Shale in the Dongyuemiao Member of Lower Jurassic, the Eastern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Wei Guodong , Wang Wei , Feng Liang , Tan Xiucheng , Yu Chuan , Zhang Hualian , Zhang Zhiping , Wang Shengxiu
Published: November 2021

China has yielded huge commercial production from the marine organic-rich shale but shows a slow exploration process in the lacustrine organic-rich shale. Multiple lacustrine shales in the Lower Jurassic of the eastern Sichuan Basin, rich in organic matters, are potential targets for shale hydrocarbon exploration and development. An investigation of the Dongyuemiao member, Lower Jurassic, was firstly conducted utilizing the macroscopic and microscopic analyses on outcrops and drilling cores to reveal the characteristics of sedimentary subfacies, mineral compositions, organic matter content and types, thermal maturity level, and reservoir quality. The dark shales in the Dongyuemiao member can be grouped into four general categories: shore, shallow, semi-deep, and deep lacustrine shales. The semi-deep and deep lacustrine shales generally have higher values in thickness (>20 m), average total organic carbon (TOC) content (>1.5 wt.%), and average porosity (>2%) relative to shore and shallow lacustrine shales. All four categories of shales primarily consist of type II kerogen and have thermal maturity levels exceeding the vitrinite reflectance value of 0.9–1.0% (or the Tmax of ∼440°C). Thermally powered pore generation generally promoted the pore system as indicated by the positive correlation between porosity and Tmax. Notably, the semi-deep lacustrine shale in the vicinity of the Qiyueshan Fault Zone shows abnormally high porosity and low oil saturation index (OSI) at Tmax>∼465°C potentially due to the promoted hydrocarbon expulsion through multiscale fractures. Except for the vicinity of the Qiyueshan Fault Zone, the semi-deep and deep lacustrine shales generally show the better exploration prospect relative to the shore and shallow lacustrine shales. Additionally, the high content of clay minerals (>40 wt%) reduced the brittleness of the semi-deep and deep lacustrine shales which may challenge the artificial hydraulic fracturing.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: What Have We Achieved and Where Are We Now? Follow-up to the 2015 Lorentz Workshop
Authors: de Ruiter Ruben D. , Smilde Bernard J. , Pals Gerard , Bravenboer Nathalie , Knaus Petra , Schoenmaker Ton , Botman Esmée , Sánchez-Duffhues Gonzalo , Pacifici Maurizio , Pignolo Robert J. , Shore Eileen M. , van Egmond Marjolein , Van Oosterwyck Hans , Kaplan Frederick S. , Hsiao Edward C. , Yu Paul B. , Bocciardi Renata , De Cunto Carmen Laura , Longo Ribeiro Delai Patricia , de Vries Teun J. , Hilderbrandt Susanne , Jaspers Richard T. , Keen Richard , Koolwijk Peter , Morhart Rolf , Netelenbos Jan C. , Rustemeyer Thomas , Scott Christiaan , Stockklausner Clemens , ten Dijke Peter , Triffit James , Ventura Francesc , Ravazzolo Roberto , Micha Dimitra , Eekhoff Elisabeth M. W.
Published: November 2021

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare progressive genetic disease effecting one in a million individuals. During their life, patients with FOP progressively develop bone in the soft tissues resulting in increasing immobility and early death. A mutation in the ACVR1 gene was identified as the causative mutation of FOP in 2006. After this, the pathophysiology of FOP has been further elucidated through the efforts of research groups worldwide. In 2015, a workshop was held to gather these groups and discuss the new challenges in FOP research. Here we present an overview and update on these topics.
A Standardized Brain Molecular Atlas: A Resource for Systems Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Shichkova Polina , Coggan Jay S. , Markram Henry , Keller Daniel
Published: November 2021

Accurate molecular concentrations are essential for reliable analyses of biochemical networks and the creation of predictive models for molecular and systems biology, yet protein and metabolite concentrations used in such models are often poorly constrained or irreproducible. Challenges of using data from different sources include conflicts in nomenclature and units, as well as discrepancies in experimental procedures, data processing and implementation of the model. To obtain a consistent estimate of protein and metabolite levels, we integrated and normalized data from a large variety of sources to calculate Adjusted Molecular Concentrations. We found a high degree of reproducibility and consistency of many molecular species across brain regions and cell types, consistent with tight homeostatic regulation. We demonstrated the value of this normalization with differential protein expression analyses related to neurodegenerative diseases, brain regions and cell types. We also used the results in proof-of-concept simulations of brain energy metabolism. The standardized Brain Molecular Atlas overcomes the obstacles of missing or inconsistent data to support systems biology research and is provided as a resource for biomolecular modeling.
Multidisciplinary Firms and the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Case Study of Low Back Pain
Authors: Pilitsis Julie G. , Khazen Olga , Wenzel Nikolai G.
Published: November 2021

Sixteen million people suffer with chronic low back pain and related healthcare expenditures can be as high as $USD 635 billion. Current pain treatments help a significant number of acute pain patients, allowing them to obtain various treatments and then “exit the market for pain services” quickly. However, chronic patients remain in pain and need multiple, varying treatments over time. Often, a single pain provider does not oversee their care. Here, we analyze the current pain market and suggest ways to establish a new treatment paradigm. We posit that more cost effective treatment and better pain relief can be achieved with multi-disciplinary care with a provider team overseeing care.
Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Indicators in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Significant Liver Fibrosis: A Multicenter Study in China
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Jie Yusheng , Wan Zemin , Lin Shanshan , Li Yingxian , Lin Ming , Wu Shuduo , Wu Xiaoju , Shi Meijie , Xiao Huanming , Cao Minling , Gong Jiao , Chi Xiaoling
Published: November 2021

Diagnosis of significant liver fibrosis is essential to facilitate the optimal treatment decisions and improve prognosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to evaluate the value of inflammatory indicators and construct a nomogram that effectively predicts significant liver fibrosis among CHB patients. 563 CHB patients from two centers in China from 2014 to 2019 were divided into three cohorts (development, internal validation, and independent validation cohorts), assigned into cases with significant fibrosis (liver fibrosis stages ≥2) and those without. Multiple biochemical and serological inflammatory indicators were investigated. Inflammatory indicators, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were significantly associated with significant liver fibrosis in CHB patients but limited predictive performance, and then we combined them with prothrombin time activity percentage (PTA) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Based on these factors, we constructed the nomogram with excellent performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for the nomogram in the development, internal validation, and independent validation cohorts were 0.860, 0.877, and 0.811, respectively. Our nomogram based on ALT and AST that had excellent performance in predicting significant fibrosis of CHB patients were constructed.
Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Herbal Medicines Used to Treat Anxiety: Monitoring of Safety
Authors: Geronimo Ana C. R. , Melo Elaine S. P. , Silva Kassia R. N. , Pereira Hugo S. , Nascimento Valdir A. , Machate David J. , do Nascimento Valter A.
Published: November 2021

The present study estimated the human health risk assessment and daily intake of heavy metals and metalloids in herbal medicines used to treat anxiety in Brazil. Six different brands of herbal medicines were purchased in the city of Campo Grande/MS, Brazil: Pasalix®, Calman®, Serenus®, Maracugina®, Prakalmar® and Calmasyn®. In total, eight elements including As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Pb were analyzed using optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES). Only the concentration of As in the herbal medicine Prakalmar® is above the values established by United States Pharmacopoeia Convention (USP) and Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (BF) for permitted concentration of elemental impurities in drugs substances. The concentration of Ba, Cd, Co, Cr and Cu in all herbal medicines are lower than the values set by USP and FB. The concentration of Pb in Calman® is lower than the limits established by BF, but higher than those established by USP. Pasalix, Serenus®, Calmasyn®, Prakalmar® and Marcacugina® have a higher Pb concentration than the values allowed by USP and BF. All herbal medications have concentrations within safe ranges for human consumption, with the exception of Calmasyn®, which has Pb over the value defined by USP for oral permissible daily exposure (PDE) for elemental impurities. The values of estimated daily intake (EDI) of metal (loid)s in adults and children obtained from the consumption of the herbal medicines are below the values stipulated by the minimal risk levels (MRLs). All the hazard index (HI) values recorded in this study were below 1. However, monitoring by regulatory agency is necessary, large doses of heavy metal may cause acute or chronic toxicities.
Politics of Seed in Ethiopia's Agricultural Transformation: Pathways to Seed System Development
Authors: Mulesa Teshome Hunduma
Published: November 2021

Seed system development in the developing world, especially in Africa, has become a political space. This article analyzes current Ethiopian seed politics in light of the historical dynamics of national and international seed system politics and developments. Drawing on multiple power analysis approaches and employing the lens of “international seed regimes,” the article characterizes the historical pattern of seed regimes in Ethiopia. While colonial territories underwent three historical seed regime patterns—the first colonial seed regime, the second post-WWII public seed regime, and the third post-1980s corporate-based neoliberal seed regime, Ethiopia has only experienced one of these. Until the 1950s, when the first US government's development assistance program—the Point 4 Program—enabled the second government-led seed regime to emerge, the farmers' seed systems remained the only seed innovation and supply system. The first colonial seed regime never took hold as the country remained uncolonized, and the government has hitherto resisted the third corporate-based neoliberal seed regime. In the current conjuncture in the contemporary Ethiopian seed regime, four different approaches to pluralistic seed system development are competing: (1) government-led formalization, (2) private-led formalization, (3) farmer-based localization, and (4) community-based integrative seed system developments. The Pluralistic Seed System Development Strategy (PSSDS) from 2013 is a uniquely diverse approach to seed system development internationally; however, it has yet to realize its equity and sustainability potential. This study shows that the agricultural modernization dependency and government-led formal seed systems development have sidelined opportunities to tap into the strength of other alternatives identified in the PSSDS. In conclusion, an integrative and inclusive seed sector is possible if the government takes leadership and removes the current political, organizational, and economic barriers for developing a truly pluralistic seed system.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic During Lockdown on the Veterinary Profession in Romania: A Questionnaire-Based Survey
Authors: Mureşan Alexandra Nicoleta , Morariu Sorin , Baisan Radu Andrei , Costea Ruxandra , Mureşan Cosmin
Published: November 2021

The lockdown period in Romania lasted for 60 days and had the purpose of limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak and manage its consequences through emergency measures on many important areas of activity. This study aimed to gather, assess, analyze and disseminate relevant social, economic, and medical aspects on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic during lockdown on the veterinary profession in Romania. A survey was created using an online questionnaire platform, and disseminated. The survey was completed by a total of 409 individuals. A high number of respondents (71.64%;n= 293) felt exposed to medium or high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 at their workplace and many (56.97%;n= 233) felt that their professional environment was more stressful than usual during lockdown. Almost all respondents (89.73%;n= 367) declared the implementation of several control measures recommended by FECAVA and FVE (e.g., social distancing, wearing protective equipment, hand washing), but few mentioned the opportunity of remote work or visiting restrictions. Overall, the results show that the impact of lockdown lies directly on four main categories of importance on veterinarian professional's life—human resource, activity management, relationship between veterinarian and authorities, and continuing education.
Predicting Possible Distribution of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) under Climate Change Scenarios Using MaxEnt Model in China
Authors: Zhao Yuncheng , Zhao Mingyue , Zhang Lei , Wang Chunyi , Xu Yinlong
Published: November 2021

Climate change has dramatic impacts on the growth and the geographical distribution of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Assessing the potential distribution of tea will help decision makers to formulate appropriate adaptation measures to use the altered climatic resources and avoid the damage from climate hazards. The objective in this study is to model the current and future distribution of tea species based on the four SSPs scenarios using the MaxEnt model in China. For the modeling procedure, tea growth records in 410 sites and 9 climate variables were used in this paper. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of the model. The AUC value was over 0.9 in this study, showing the excellent simulation result of the model. In relation to the current distribution, areas of 82.01 × 104 km2 (8.51% of total land area in China), 115.97 × 104 km2 (12.03% of total land area in China), and 67.14 × 104 km2 (6.97% of total land area in China) were recognized as Marginal, Medium, and Optimal climate suitable habitats for tea over China. Compared to the current distribution, most of the Optimal suitability areas in southeast China would be lost in four scenarios. The area of Marginal and Medium suitable habitats would expand in SSP370 and SSP585, especially in 2041–2061 and 2081–2100. The suitable area of tea would expand northwards and westwards, suggesting that additional new suitable habitats could be created for tea production with the future climate change, especially in Shandong, Henan, Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces. This research would provide vital scientific understanding for policy making on tea production, tea garden site chosen and adopyion of adaptation methods in the future.
Spatial Prediction of Agrochemical Properties on the Scale of a Single Field Using Machine Learning Methods Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Sahabiev Ilnas , Smirnova Elena , Giniyatullin Kamil
Published: November 2021

Creating accurate digital maps of the agrochemical properties of soils on a field scale with a limited data set is a problem that slows down the introduction of precision farming. The use of machine learning methods based on the use of direct and indirect predictors of spatial changes in the agrochemical properties of soils is promising. Spectral indicators of open soil based on remote sensing data, as well as soil properties, were used to create digital maps of available forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It was shown that machine learning methods based on support vectors (SVMr) and random forest (RF) using spectral reflectance data are similarly accurate at spatial prediction. An acceptable prediction was obtained for available nitrogen and available potassium; the variability of available phosphorus was modeled less accurately. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the best model for nitrogen is R2SVMr = 0.90 (Landsat 8 OLI) and R2SVMr = 0.79 (Sentinel 2), for potassium—R2SVMr = 0.82 (Landsat 8 OLI) and R2SVMr = 0.77 (Sentinel 2), for phosphorus—R2SVMr = 0.68 (Landsat 8 OLI), R2SVMr = 0.64 (Sentinel 2). The models based on remote sensing data were refined when soil organic matter (SOC) and fractions of texture (Silt, Clay) were included as predictors. The SVMr models were the most accurate. For Landsat 8 OLI, the SVMr model has a R2 value: nitrogen—R2 = 0.95, potassium—R2 = 0.89 and phosphorus—R2 = 0.65. Based on Sentinel 2, nitrogen—R2 = 0.92, potassium—R2 = 0.88, phosphorus—R2 = 0.72. The spatial prediction of nitrogen content is influenced by SOC, potassium—by SOC and texture, phosphorus—by texture. The validation of the final models was carried out on an independent sample on soils from a chernozem zone. For nitrogen based on Landsat 8 OLI R2 = 0.88, for potassium R2 = 0.65, and for phosphorus R2 = 0.31. Based on Sentinel 2, for nitrogen R2 = 0.85, for potassium R2 = 0.62, and for phosphorus R2 = 0.71. The inclusion of SOC and texture in remote sensing-based machine learning models makes it possible to improve the spatial prediction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium availability of soils in chernozem zones and can potentially be widely used to create digital agrochemical maps on the scale of a single field.
Changes in Ultrastructure and Oxidation Resistance of Peel of Pear Cultivars during Shelf Life
Authors: Huo Hongliang , Zhou Zhiqin , Xu Jiayu , Tian Luming , Dong Xingguang , Zhang Ying , Qi Dan , Liu Chao , Cao Yufen
Published: November 2021

Postharvest period is a process of natural maturation and senescence. The peel structure and antioxidant capacity of pears are the most important factors that affect its postharvest quality. However, the changes in pear peel properties are still unclear during shelf life. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the ultrastructural characteristics of pear peel during shelf life, and to determine the changes in peel antioxidants, active oxygen scavenging enzymes, and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that after a 30-day shelf life, the peel cuticles of all tested varieties had varying degrees of color loss and withering, and the integrity of the cells of peel was also damaged, but the surface layer cells of Xuehuali (XH), Huangguan (HG), and Yali (YL) were smoother than Wonhwang (WH) and Housui (HS), and the integrity of the peel cells was also better. In this experiment, there were significant differences in the contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoids among different varieties, and also significant differences in the variation range and variation trends in the activities of peroxidase and catalase (p < 0.05). The total antioxidant capacity of YL pear peel was the highest (68.76 Ug−1), while that of WH pear peel was the lowest (26.37 Ug−1). In conclusion, YL and XH, the representative varieties of White Pear, have better skin structure stability and antioxidant capacity than Sand Pear varieties HS and WH. The overall results provide a theoretical basis for further structure and function investigation of pear peel.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Steel-Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibre-Reinforced Recycled Concrete
Authors: Niu Haicheng , Wang Lei , Li Jianhua , Ji Jiakun
Published: November 2021

Research on the utilization of recycled concrete in civil engineering applications is gaining popularity world-wide due to the increased efforts to promote preservation of the environment and sustainable development. Recycled concrete is, however, presently still limited to nonstructural applications. This is due to the poor mechanical properties of recycled concrete, which make it difficult to cope with complex mechanical environments. Therefore, an experimental work is presented to investigate the mechanical behaviour of recycled concrete, focusing on the cube, flexural, and uniaxial compressive mechanical properties of steel-polyvinyl alcohol fibre-doped specimens. The test results showed that the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the recycled concrete increased by 6.0% and 55.2%, respectively, when steel fibre was single-incorporated. The cubic compressive strength of the recycled concrete decreased by 14.1% when polyvinyl alcohol fibre was single-incorporated, but there was a 47.9% increase in the flexural strength of recycled concrete. Based on these tests, the elastic modulus, the Poisson’s ratio, and the uniaxial compression toughness were digitised to derive mathematical expressions that provided a theoretical understanding of the mechanical properties of steel-polyvinyl alcohol fibre-reinforced recycled concrete. Moreover, combining the characteristics of the uniaxial compressive stress–strain curve of fibre-reinforced recycled concrete, an equation for the uniaxial compressive stress–strain curve of recycled concrete associated with the fibre characteristic value was established, which agreed well with the test results.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Temperature Rise of CFRP with Long Pulse Laser Irradiation
Authors: Ma Yao , Huang Qiang , Yu Yixin , Dong Yuan , Li Hui , Jin Guangyong , Xin Chao
Published: November 2021

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are a widely used composite material applied in both commercial and industrial utilization. Based on the heat conduction theory, a theoretical model for the temperature rise of braided CFRP irradiated by long pulse laser is established in this work, and the time required for the maximum temperature rise of CFRP (with different thicknesses) to be acted by long pulse laser with different energy densities and pulse widths is simulated. At the same time, the temperature rise experiment and damage morphology of a long pulse laser with braided CFRP were carried out. The theoretical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical model. The results of this paper will provide a theoretical basis for laser processing of CFRP.
Biocompatible Dispersants for Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Mohan Hugh , Bartkowski Michał , Giordani Silvia
Published: November 2021

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are a fascinating class of materials that have gained considerable interest in recent years. Their favourable biocompatibility, combined with unique chemical and mechanical properties, has attracted scientists from various disciplines. A significant hurdle in their deployment in biomedical applications is their hydrophobicity in their pristine form. This review surveys and discusses existing non-covalent methods of functionalising CNMs with biocompatible dispersants to facilitate their incorporation into aqueous solutions. Different types of dispersants will be examined and compared as well as the factors affecting their efficiency. This work seeks to provide a compilation of the various methods employed in producing biocompatible CNM dispersions.
Simulation of Wood Combustion in PATO Using a Detailed Pyrolysis Model Coupled to fireFoam
Authors: Scandelli Hermes , Ahmadi-Senichault Azita , Richard Franck , Lachaud Jean
Published: November 2021

The numerical simulation of fire propagation requires capturing the coupling between wood pyrolysis, which leads to the production of various gaseous species, and the combustion of these species in the flame, which produces the energy that sustains the pyrolysis process. Experimental and numerical works of the fire community are targeted towards improving the description of the pyrolysis process to better predict the rate of production and the chemical nature of the pyrolysis gases. We know that wood pyrolysis leads to the production of a large variety of chemical species: water, methane, propane, carbon monoxide and dioxide, phenol, cresol, hydrogen, etc. With the idea of being able to capitalize on such developments to study more accurately the physics of fire propagation, we have developed a numerical framework that couples a detailed three-dimensional pyrolysis model and fireFoam. In this article, we illustrate the capability of the simulation tool by treating the combustion of a wood log. Wood is considered to be composed of three phases (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), each undergoing parallel degradation processes leading to the production of methane and hydrogen. We chose to simplify the gas mixture for this first proof of concept of the coupling of a multi-species pyrolysis process and a flame. In the flame, we consider two separate finite-rate combustion reactions for methane and hydrogen. The flame evolves during the simulation according to the concentration of the two gaseous species produced from the material. It appears that introducing different pyrolysis species impacts the temperature and behavior of the flame.
Delegation-Based Personal Data Processing Request Notarization Framework for GDPR Based on Private Blockchain
Authors: Jung Sung-Soo , Lee Sang-Joon , Euom Ieck-Chae
Published: November 2021

With the growing awareness regarding the importance of personal data protection, many countries have established laws and regulations to ensure data privacy and are supervising managements to comply with them. Although various studies have suggested compliance methods of the general data protection regulation (GDPR) for personal data, no method exists that can ensure the reliability and integrity of the personal data processing request records of a data subject to enable its utilization as a GDPR compliance audit proof for an auditor. In this paper, we propose a delegation-based personal data processing request notarization framework for GDPR using a private blockchain. The proposed notarization framework allows the data subject to delegate requests to process of personal data; the framework makes the requests to the data controller, which performs the processing. The generated data processing request and processing result data are stored in the blockchain ledger and notarized via a trusted institution of the blockchain network. The Hypderledger Fabric implementation of the framework demonstrates the fulfillment of system requirements and feasibility of implementing a GDPR compliance audit for the processing of personal data. The analysis results with comparisons among the related works indicate that the proposed framework provides better reliability and feasibility for the GDPR audit of personal data processing request than extant methods.