bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithuanian Partisan Warfare in Museums during the Soviet Occupation and after the Restoration of Independence
Authors: Petrauskienė Aistė
Published: July 2022

The Lithuanian partisan war of 1944–1953 left many unanswered questions, which began to be examined more objectively in Lithuania after the restoration of independence. However, during the Soviet period, this topic also received a lot of attention, albeit from the Soviet propaganda side. The subject of the partisan war is defined rather narrowly in the museums of the Lithuanian SSR and independent Lithuania, but the context goes well beyond the issue of museum exhibitions and displays. Abundant archival documents provide a rather interesting picture and allow us to analyse not only the changes of the topic itself in museums in the Soviet system, during the Revival and in independent Lithuania, but also to show it as a struggle for memory. After the end of the partisan war, this topic was not eliminated from public life. Particular attention has been given to the reinterpretation of information. The shift from military to ideological propaganda was initially reflected in practical decisions. At a time when political life was undergoing the so-called ‘Khrushchev thaw’, propaganda gave particular attention to the interpretation of the legacy of the partisan war. The years 1957–1960 were a turning point in the formulation of further propaganda guidelines. During this period, the Museum of the Revolution of the Lithuanian SSR, in cooperation with the KGB structures, began to organise systematically expositions of the “crimes of the bourgeois nationalists” and exhibitions on the basis of the collected items. The introduction of a compulsory propagandistic idea of the “class struggle” during the Soviet era resulted in complex, largely emotion-based processes during the transition period. From the very beginning of the Sąjūdis, in the context of the partisan war. To refute the “class struggle” assessment established during the Soviet period, first of all, the construction of a narrative of the guerrilla war based on historical research was abandoned from the very beginning. The choice of a martyrological narrative, mainly based on empathy with the processes that took place in the past, has eventually shaped the narrative on victims in the museum exhibitions of independent Lithuania. As the generation of creators changed and young cultural workers took over the activities of the museums, and as experts in various fields were involved in the creation of the exhibitions, not only the forms of presenting the partisan war began to change, but also the content. It is centred not on fatalities, but on the determination to fight and defend the independence of the country.
How to Commemorate the Darkness
Authors: Vaiseta Tomas
Published: July 2022

Rec.: Hektoras Vitkus, Vygantas Vareikis, Edvinas Ubis, Justas Stončius, Macikai: atminties vieta Europos pakraštyje, Klaipėda: Klaipėdos universiteto Baltijos regiono istorijos ir archeologijos institutas, 2021.
DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE PANDEMI COVID-19 SITUATION: EFL LEARNING UNDER INDONESIA'S HEALTH PROTOCOL
Authors: Syafri Mohamad , Saude Saude
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe implementation of the Distance Learning policy in all schools in Indonesia due to the Covid-19 outbreak has affected the teaching process. This quantitative research elucidates how EFL teaching and learning cope with the procedure. Two aspects will be illuminated in this research; the first is how schools and teachers prepare for online-based distance learning. The second is how the learning process conducts during the distance learning policy. This research collected data from 167 participants, including vice principals, EFL teachers, IT operators, and students from senior high schools in Palu, Central Sulawesi Provinces. The data was analyzed following the Illuminative Evaluation model by Parlett and Hamilton. The results found that schools and teachers are more well-equipped and prepared than the students. However, some students still face difficulties due to the absence of facilities and geographical situation. In the learning process, more flexible policies in class are still implemented by teachers, especially for students with limited access and lack of affective aspects. ABSTRAKPenerapan kebijakan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh ke seluruh sekolah di Indonesia akibat wabah Covid-19 berdampak pada proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menjelaskan bagaimana pengajaran dan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris harus beradaptasi dengan protocol kesehatan. Dua aspek yang disoroti dalam penelitian ini; pertama, bagaimana sekolah dan guru mempersiapkan pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis online. Kedua, bagaimana proses pembelajaran dilakukan selama penerapan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari 167 peserta, termasuk wakil kepala sekolah, guru Bahasa Inggris, operator IT, dan siswa dari sekolah menengah atas di Palu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Data dianalisis dengan model Illuminative Evaluation oleh Parlett dan Hamilton. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa sekolah dan guru lebih siap dibandingkan dengan siswa. Beberapa siswa masih menghadapi kesulitan karena tidak adanya fasilitas dan situasi geografis. Dalam proses pembelajaran, guru masih harus memberikan kebijakan yang lebih fleksibel di kelas, terutama bagi siswa dengan akses yang terbatas dan aspek afektif yang kurang.
EXPLORING EFL TEACHER’S AND STUDENT’S CHALLENGES IN REMOTE LEARNING CONTEXT IN TABANAN, BALI
Authors: Santosa Hery , Putra I Gede Putu Dharma Dewangga , Pratiwi Ni Putu Astiti
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis descriptive qualitative study aimed to investigate the challenges faced by and strategies used by EFL teachers and students to cope with the challenges in implementing online remote learning. A public school in Tabanan was chosen as the setting of the study, with a teacher and five students as the subjects based on two criteria, namely activeness, and participation. The data were collected through observations and interviews to determine the challenges and the strategies used by the teacher and the students. The data were analyzed by using Interactive Model Analysis. The results indicated that the challenges the teacher and the students faced were mainly related to the platforms being used and the network connection. However, the teacher also faced a prominent challenge related to the student's motivation in learning. Several strategies were used by the teacher and the students, mainly solving the issue related to the network connection. The study results indicated the need for proper infrastructure and the teacher’s ability to support remote learning. ABSTRAKStudi kualitatif deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki tantangan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan strategi yang digunakan baik oleh guru maupun siswa pembelajar Bahasa Inggris sebagai Bahasa asing dalam mengatasi tantangan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh. Sebuah sekolah negeri di Tabanan dipilih sebagai latar studi ini, dengan seorang guru dan lima siswa sebagai peserta dalam penelitian ini dengan mempertimbangkan kriteria yaitu: keaktifan dan partisipasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara untuk mengetahui tantangan dan strategi yang digunakan oleh guru dan siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analysis model interaksi (Interactive Model Analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa sebagian besar terkait dengan platform yang digunakan dan koneksi jaringan. Namun, guru juga menghadapi tantangan yang menonjol terkait motivasi siswa dalam belajar. Ada beberapa strategi yang digunakan oleh guru dan siswa terutama untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan koneksi jaringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlunya infrastruktur yang layak dan kemampuan guru untuk mendukung pembelajaran jarak jauh.
THE USE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS IN ONLINE ENGLISH TEACHING: FROM THE LEARNERS’ PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Gufron Gufron Pd. , Azmin Ainul
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study is to explore students' views on English teaching using authentic materials. This research was conducted in an English class where the students are staffs who are lecturers in a private university in Jakarta. An inductive qualitative research method was employed by interviewing five randomly selected respondents after teaching for 15 weeks. The data from the interview were analyzed in three steps; quotation, coding, and thematic analysis using Atlas.ti. The data analysis results showed that using authentic materials was more interesting and impressive than the ones that were not authentic and not related to the students' subject matter. Using authentic material also increases students' interest in speaking more because the topics discussed are related to students' real world. Besides, this method can increase interest in reading because students are familiar with vocabularies that are related to their majors. However, this method is not suitable for applying in a classroom where students are from different majors.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi pandangan siswa tentang pengajaran bahasa Inggris menggunakan bahan ajar yang otentik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas Bahasa Inggris dimana mahasiswanya adalah staf pengajar di salah satu perguruan tinggi swasta di Jakarta. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dengan mewawancarai lima responden yang dipilih secara acak setelah mengikuti pembelajaran selama 15 minggu. Data dari wawancara dianalisis menggunakan Atlas.ti. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan materi autentik lebih menarik dan mengesankan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan materi ajar yang umum yang tidak berkaitan dengan real-life siswa. Menggunakan materi autentik juga meningkatkan minat siswa untuk berbicara lebih aktif di ruang kelas karena topik yang dibahas berkaitan dengan jurusannya. Selain itu, metode ini dapat meningkatkan minat baca karena siswa terbiasa dengan kosa kata yang berhubungan dengan disiplin ilmunya.
THE REPRESENTATIONS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION VALUES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL
Authors: Khanadi Brenda , Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Adnyani Kadek Eva Krishna , Adnyani Ni Luh Putu Sri , Jayantini I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe present study analyzed the representations of the Five Core Values of character education recommended by the Indonesian Ministry of National Education in 2017 into a national English Textbook for 7th Grade, entitled When English Rings a Bell. The present study was qualitative research, which conducted the data classification, data display, and conclusion drawing concurrently and repeatedly, while the whole process is always compared with the data collection. The study revealed that the book investigated represents all five core values: religiosity, nationalism, independence, cooperation, and integrity. Religiosity and nationalism were the two values most cultivated in the textbook, while integrity is represented more infrequently, and cooperation value is sparsely presented. These findings imply that the imbalanced representation of the five core values in the textbook investigated could negatively affect the students’ character building. Thus, the present study recommends teachers use this textbook to design activities that call for cooperation and integrity values, so the students’ character building at school can be more balanced. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mencermati representasi Lima Nilai Utama Pendidikan Karakter yang direkomendasikan Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan pada 2017 ke dalam buku teks Bahasa Inggris untuk Kelas VII berjudul When English Rings a Bell. Kajian ini dirancang sebagai penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dimana  kategorisasi data, pemaparan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan bersamaan dan berulang, serta selalu dibandingkan dengan proses dan hasil pengumpulan data. Ditemukan bahwa buku teks yang dikaji mengandung representasi kelima nilai utama pendidikan karakter yang direkomendasikan kementrian: religius, nasionalis, mandiri, gotong royong, dan integritas. Nilai religius dan nasionalis adalah dua nilai yang paling sering dihadirkan, sementara intgritas dihadirkan cukup sering dan nilai gotong royong merupakan nilai yang paling jarang.  Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ada ketidakseimbangan dalam representasi kelima nilai utama pendidikan karakter dalam buku teks yang dikaji, yang dapat berimplikasi negative pada pengembangan karakter anak. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menyarankan agar guru mengimbangkan ketimpangan pada buku teks ini dengan merancang kegiatan-kegiatan yang mengembangkan nilai gotong royong dan integritas sehingga usaha penguatan karakter siswa dapat berlangsung dengan lebih baik dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.
La importancia de la administración eficiente del ciclo operativo en las pymes de Santa Cruz y Carrillo
Authors: Bermúdez Carrillo Luis Alberto , Campos Campos Diego
Published: July 2022

En el presente estudio se analiza la importancia de una eficiente administración del ciclo operativo por parte de las Pymes como estrategia para lograr la operatividad, competitividad y su permanencia en el tiempo. La gestión adecuada del ciclo de operación, le permite contar con la información suficiente para estimar y cubrir sus necesidades de efectivo, y los límites que tiene para gestionar las operaciones de crédito o de contado.

Para la realización de éste, se hizo en primera instancia una revisión bibliográfica para fundamentar teóricamente los elementos, tanto del ciclo operativo como del ciclo de conversión de efectivo. Posteriormente, se aplicó una encuesta que permitió argumentar la necesidad, el grado de conocimiento y aplicación del ciclo operativo y los datos que permiten conocer la cantidad de días en el que operan estas Pymes.

Como resultado se determinó que una cantidad considerable de las Pymes desconoce la gestión del ciclo operativo, por lo tanto, no incorporan esta información en la toma de decisiones. Respecto al manejo de los ciclos de cobro, pago e inventarios, los resultados encontrados, son contrarios a lo que se aplica en la buena práctica administrativa, y a lo que indica la teoría.  Por otro lado, aunque están claros de la cantidad de días que emplean cobrando y pagando, no tienen capacitación que les permita darse cuenta, de cuáles son las implicaciones que tienen los ciclos actuales. Dicha aplicación se refiere al impacto financiero que tienen por el hecho de operar con desconocimiento y de manera empírica.
Elaboración de Placas de Aislamiento Térmico a partir de Fibra de Coco
Authors: Espinoza Montero José Armando , Amador Vargas Genyel Moisés , Navarro Navarro Jordy David , Rodríguez Mora Karina María
Published: July 2022

En la región del Caribe la cáscara del coco es un desecho abundante que presenta un manejo descoordinado por la ausencia de protocolos de tratamiento de residuos. Este trabajo busca generar una alternativa que pueda aportar en su reutilización, tomando en cuenta aspectos del ámbito social, económico y ecológico. Es por ello que se planteó elaborar placas de aislamiento térmico a partir de fibra de coco empleando ácido poliláctico (PLA) como aglutinante. Para ello se estudió el efecto que tenían dos diferentes tratamientos a la fibra de coco: acetosol y extracción con acetona, para compararlo con las fibras sin tratar. Para la realización de las láminas se empleó un prensado de las fibras a 14,7 KN y 186 °C, el cual se caracterizó mediante sus conductividades térmicas. Posteriormente se realizó un reforzamiento con PLA y se analizó la resistencia en pruebas de tracción. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la conductividad térmica las láminas fue de: 0,1330 W/m°C acetosol, 0,0792 W/m°C extracción con acetona, 0,0332 W/m°C sin tratamiento y 0.0693 W/m°C sin tratamiento con PLA. Mientras que al analizar la resistencia a la tracción se llegó a obtener un valor de 290,33± 48,73 N. A partir de la integración de los resultados se concluye que el método más práctico para la obtención de un aislante térmico es utilizar la fibra sin tratamiento, mientras que el PLA como aglutinante es funcional para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas.
Contrato Sexual: subyugación y exclusión
Authors: Solano-Fallas Andrés
Published: July 2022

El artículo conceptualiza la categoría de “contrato sexual”, elemento de suma importancia que está presente en los contractualistas clásicos. En orden a realizarlo, se parte del texto base de Carole Pateman, El Contrato Sexual (The Sexual Contract); clave en el acuñamiento de la categoría en sí, como por el impacto que tuvo en las investigaciones sobre el contractualismo y la filosofía en general. Posteriormente, se ahonda en dos grandes tipos de mecanismos que, de acuerdo a esta categoría, se utilizan para someter mujeres al dominio de hombres, como también para excluirlas del orden público. Luego se abordan los dos presupuestos teóricos que contribuyen a fomentar lo anterior, a saber, el esencialismo y la dicotomía público-privado. En lo concerniente a lo metódico, el artículo se encauza en un abordaje propio de la filosofía analítica, en que se escudriña con atención el texto de Pateman, junto con otros aportes de otras autoras, en aras de la sistematización, claridad y precisión de los elementos conceptuales que entraña la presente categoría. Se concluye con una última reflexión que hace hincapié en la importancia de esta categoría para aproximarse, no solo a textos contractualistas, sino a la filosofía –por lo menos– occidental en general.
La relación centro-periferia en un contexto de riesgo y cambio climático
Authors: Masís González Tadeo
Published: July 2022

Este artículo presenta el resultado de una revisita teórica y empírica al concepto de centro-periferia a la luz del cambio climático, para ello se emplean datos y resultados de investigaciones empíricas desarrolladas en torno a dinámicas económicas y geográficas a escala global, esto permite la identificación de asimetrías importantes en términos de renta, vulnerabilidad climática, impactos económicos del cambio climático y la contribución de los países al calentamiento global, juntas van a permitir una formulación de un modelo centro-periferia del cambio climático, finalmente se discuten estos hallazgos en relación con la noción de sociedad de riesgo propuesta por el sociólogo Ulrich Beck.
Evolución de la calidad del empleo en Costa Rica en la última década
Authors: Villegas González Braulio
Published: July 2022

Este documento tiene el objetivo de analizar la evolución de la calidad del empleo en el país en los últimos años y su incidencia en diferentes subpoblaciones, para lo cual presenta una medición a través de un enfoque multidimensional y se analiza este fenómeno a través de los diferentes aspectos que lo conforman, al mismo tiempo que se construye un indicador sintético para lograr una medición general de la calidad del empleo. A pesar de que entre 2013 y 2015, los indicadores mostraron un deterioro leve de la calidad del empleo, principalmente, los relacionados con ingresos y beneficios del empleo y a tiempo de trabajo y equilibrio trabajo-vida, desde el 2011 el indicador general se ha mantenido relativamente constante. Al analizar la calidad del empleo por subgrupos de personas ocupadas, se denota la precariedad de la situación para las personas adultas mayores, los puestos de calificación media y baja, los independientes y las personas ocupadas en actividades de hogares como empleadores, agricultura, construcción, transporte, hoteles y restaurantes.
Necessity and Fate
Authors:   Philipps University of Marburg, Soboleva Maja E.
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the problem of necessity in the social sphere. The concept of necessity is, first, introduced as a derivative of cause-and-effect and logical relations. Then the author emhisezes the peculiarity of the sphere of social interactions which consists of the fact that social reality is constituted by language and can therefore be considered as a discursive universe. Due to this peculiarity, the necessity in the sphere of social relations has not a causal but a quasi-causal character. The latter means that the relationship between individual phenomena has the character of “events” that are formed in a certain narrative context. Here, reality loses the role of the ground for events and performs only the function of reference. In this case, necessity functions as the attribution of the role of cause to certain events. To demonstrate how these theoretical positions work in practice, the author considers the political doctrine of K. P. Pobedonostsev (1827–1907), a jurist, lawyer and prominent political figure of his time, who shares the views of Russian conservative nationalists. This analysis allows us to confirm the hypothesis that there is always a gap between political action and real processes. From this, in turn, it follows that the necessity of political actions is caused not by the logic of the mere fact but by the logic of the interpretation of the facts within the framework of a certain political program. After that, the author argues that, in the field of social, two scenarios for justifying necessity are possible — mythical and argumentative. He analyzes and compares these two types of scenarios as well as the ideas of necessity formed within them. The last part of the work examines the concept of fate as a subjective side of the question of necessity. The author also argues that the place of unfolding fate is a discursive universe. From this, it follows that fate is intertwined with events that are quasi-causal; therefore it has a probabilistic character. Thus, the connection between fate and necessity is broken.
Experts on the Smart City: Problems of Perception
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Arkhipova Liliya A. , Novgorodtseva Anastasia N. ,   Ural Federal University, Sivkova Nadezhda I. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: July 2022

Based on the materials of an empirical study conducted in 2021 among experts from Yekaterinburg, the authors consider the goals, tasks and problems of implementing the concept of “Smart City”. Representatives of science, education, mass media, legislative and executive authorities, political analysts examine the main aspects of the concept, the tasks of including different groups of the public in its creation. The authors note that in Yekaterinburg, as a major scientific and educational center of the region, there are professional and other associations of residents who are ready to actively participate in devising plans for the innovative development of the regional center. The paper shows that at the moment many experts do not have enough information about the content of the concept of “Smart City” both in Russia and in Yekaterinburg. So far it has been based on the idea of broad digitalization of all spheres of decision-making and implementation of management in the interaction of government with the population. The authors conclude that science and education should become the engines of the creation and implementation in practice of its main provisions to ensure the innovative development of a large metropolis.
Number of seeds in fruits and frequency of hybrids obtained in crossings with IAC 2019 Maria mandarin
Authors: Roverssi Fernanda , Cavichioli Thais Magni , Curtolo Maiara , Latado Rodrigo Rocha , Yaly Mariângela Cristofani
Published: July 2022

Abstract The Citrus Breeding Program of the Citriculture Center at the Agronomic Institute (IAC) has developed a mandarin cultivar IAC 2019Maria from the crossing between Murcott IAC tangor (Citrus reticulata x Citrus sinensis) and Pera IAC sweet orange (C. sinensis). The present study aimed to assess the number of seeds in fruits of IAC 2019Maria mandarin and to identify zygotic embryos and triploid plants in the crossings between IAC 2019Maria mandarin, Pera IAC sweet orange, and Ponkan mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), in addition to IAC 2019Maria mandarin in open and self-pollination. IAC 2019Maria flowers were self-pollinated, pollinated with pollen from Pera sweet orange and Ponkan mandarin, and had no pollination. The embryos were identified using microsatellite molecular markers and ploidy was assessed by flow cytometry. The results of the treatment with no pollination suggest the variety does not produce parthenocarpic fruits. The genotyping results showed that 100% of the populations consist of zygotic embryos, suggesting that IAC 2019Maria mandarin is a plant with low polyembryony. The ploidy analysis of the hybrids allowed identifying a triploid plant from an aborted seed from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and two tetraploids, one from the crossing with Pera sweet orange and one from self-pollination.
Center-state relations in India and Brazil: Privatization of electricity and banking
Authors: ARMIJO LESLIE ELLIOTT , JHA PREM SHANKAR
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT This article asks: “When and why do state governments oppose (or support) privatization programs initiated by the central government?” We examined national privatization initiatives in the 1990s in India and Brazil in the areas of electricity and banking and the different responses from state governments in each of the largest financial and industrial centers in their countries, the states of Maharastra and São Paulo. Possible explanations for states’ opposition to federal government initiatives such as Enron and Banespa include: (1) ideological commitments by state leaders, (2) political or political coalition differences between state and federal governments, and (3) an uneven distribution of costs and benefits from privatization between the state and federal governments. This article suggests that explanation (3), conflict of interest, is the best explanation, although the nature of political alliances (2) and political values may have an influence. This article concludes that seemingly irreconcilable political spheres can often be improved and some distribution of benefits can make the package more attractive to state leaders.
Desigualdade racial na transmissão intergeracional da herança de classe social
Authors: Santos José Alcides Figueiredo
Published: July 2022

Resumo O estudo aborda as discrepâncias raciais que se manifestam na transmissão intergeracional de vantagens e desvantagem de origem de classe social. O foco é a desigualdade racial condicional à origem de classe. A origem de classe foi mensurada por uma tipologia de classes neomarxista. O destino social foi concebido como chances de vida e mensurado pela renda dos filhos. Foram estimadas médias preditas e diferenças proporcionais na renda com base em um Modelo Linear Generalizado e nos dados de mobilidade social da PNAD de 2014. A desigualdade racial na transmissão da herança de classe é marcante no Brasil ao nível agregado das coortes. Regra geral, as discrepâncias raciais no efeito total e no efeito direto da origem de classe se mantiveram na maioria das circunstâncias. Nas origens de classe de maior peso demográfico, no agregado das coortes, não é certo que exista uma associação empírica entre educação superior e menor discrepância racial na transmissão da herança de classe. Entretanto, na coorte mais recente, particularmente nas origens privilegiada e destituída, a distância racial fica incerta, o que pode refletir processos de seletividade e não de equalização.
Curanderas y parteras: saberes que reivindican y tensionan
Authors: García Diana Manrique
Published: July 2022

Resumen El presente texto aborda algunas prácticas de cuidado y cura de la comunidad Itonama en la Amazonia Boliviana, donde las mujeres ocupan un lugar protagónico. Prácticas atravesadas por una ética colectiva de cuidado – que emergen como un lugar político de disputa, decisión e incidencia –, a la vez que reivindican una episteme ancestral, tensionan la ontología moderna, favoreciendo desde su lugar de curanderas y parteras la reinvención de las subjetividades femeninas y a la reivindicación del vínculo en las relaciones comunales. El trabajo se basa en datos empíricos derivados del trabajo de campo en el marco de la investigación y tesis doctoral de la autora.
Da emergência da Lei Especial contra a Violência Baseada no Gênero em Cabo Verde à sua operacionalização na Rede Sol
Authors: Silva Carmelita Afonseca
Published: July 2022

Resumo Neste artigo, procuro refletir sobre o contexto de emergência da lei que torna público o crime da Violência Baseada no Gênero (VBG) em Cabo Verde, ou Lei de VBG, como é vulgarmente conhecida, e sobre o enquadramento dos casos de violência conjugal nas estruturas da Rede Interinstitucional de Atendimento às Vítimas de Violência Baseada no Género (Rede Sol). Para tanto, recupero, num primeiro momento, os temas/questões que permearam os diferentes momentos de discussão (na Comissão de seguimento do projeto-lei e no parlamento: violência contra as mulheres versus violência baseada no gênero, (in)constitucionalidade, desestabilização da família e interferência de agendas globais sobre decisões locais. Num segundo momento, busco entender como se construíram os consensos e se aprovou o referido projeto-lei. Por fim, apresento reflexões sobre esse processo de construção de legalidades de equidade de gênero considerando dimensões globais e locais.
Gênero e raça: trânsitos do Sul em perspectiva
Authors: Anjos José Carlos Gomes dos , Vieira Miriam Steffen
Published: July 2022

Resumo A cooperação acadêmica com países africanos foi incrementada por editais científicos voltados à internacionalização das universidades brasileiras, especialmente a partir de meados dos anos 2000. Esse processo promoveu a constituição de redes internacionais de pesquisa e a colaboração entre pós-graduações brasileiras e africanas, especialmente com países de língua oficial portuguesa. Este dossiê é fruto desse processo, pautando estudos cabo-verdianos, em diálogo com pesquisas e perspectivas latino-americanas. O dossiê reúne um conjunto de textos que cruzam algumas das tendências dos feminismos do sul global às questões das relações entre colonialismo e miscigenação. Esses diferentes estudos apontam para inusitadas possibilidades de se pensar a modernidade a partir de potentes feminismos disruptivos que emergem das experiências do Sul global amefricano.
Pirarucu larviculture in green water provides heavier fish and modulates locomotor activity
Authors: DANTAS Francisco de Matos , SANTANA Thiago Macedo , KOJIMA Juliana Tomomi , FONSECA Flávio Augusto Leão da , LOPES Ana Caroliny Cerdeira , CARVALHO Thaís Billalba , GONÇALVES Ligia Uribe
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT The green water technique uses microalgae in the water of indoor larviculture, providing a darker environment to favor fish growth, welfare and health. We evaluated growth performance and locomotor activity after light exposure of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) larvae reared in green or clear water. During one test, pirarucu larvae (3.6 ± 0.3 cm; 0.36 ± 0.1 g) were reared in 50-L circular tanks (n = 3 per treatment, 50 larvae per tank) in a static system containing green water [microalgae (w3algae; Bernaqua® 10 g m-3) added] or clear water (control). Fish weaning was achieved by co-feeding with Artemia nauplii and microdiets for seven days until full microdiet substitution. Larvae were biometrically evaluated on days 10, 17 and 24 to assess growth performance. In a second test, the locomotor activity of the larvae was analyzed before and after light exposure (1400 ± 60 lx) for 48 h according to an ethogram. After 24 days, the larvae reared in the green water were significantly heavier than those from the clear water, and displayed significantly fewer circular swimming movements. Body cortisol increased in both groups after light exposure. The microalgae provided an additional food source for larvae, with positive impact on growth until day 17 of larviculture. Green water can be a strategy to achieve better results in pirarucu larviculture, especially during and up to 10 days after the co-feeding period.
Floristic and functional diversity of ferns and lycophytes at three elevational zones in the eastern slopes of the northern Andes, Ecuador
Authors: RIAÑO Karolina , MOULATLET Gabriel Massaine
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT The northeastern slope of the Andes is an area of high diversity of ferns and lycophytes. In this study we assessed the diversity patterns of ferns and lycophytes in ten 250 m x 2 m plots installed at three elevational zones, from 418 to 3447 m.a.s.l., in the Napo province of Ecuador. Floristic diversity was measured using Hill numbers and by partitioning species diversity. Three functional diversity indices were calculated from a set of five leaf traits and weighted by species abundance: functional richness (FRic), evenness (FEve) and divergence (FDiv). To disentangle functional diversity from species richness, the standardized effect size (SES) of each index was also calculated. We recorded 148 species, Polypodiaceae and Dryopteridaceae being the most representative families. Species richness continuously decreased with elevation. Floristic composition was highly heterogeneous among elevation zones, with total species turnover found between 1500 and 2000 m.a.s.l. SES-FDiv and SES-FEve were higher than the null expectation for plots at mid-elevations, suggesting that deterministic mechanisms, such as biotic or abiotic filters, could explain assemblage composition at these sites. However, SES-FEve, SES-FRic and SES-FDiv did not differ from the null expectations at low and high elevation sites, suggesting the predominance of a stochastic process. By combining floristic and functional diversity, we were able to infer the observed community patterns with the resource-use strategies of fern and lycophytes in a mountain area, an approach that can be used to understand how assemblages might react to changing environmental conditions.
Effect of Lippia grata essential oil as a feed additive on the performance of tambatinga juveniles
Authors: COSTA Thaisa Sales , SILVA Rafael Carvalho da , PRETTO Alexandra , MONTEIRO Odair dos Santos , SIQUEIRA Jefferson Costa de , BALDISSEROTTO Bernardo , LOPES Jane Mello
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Lippia grata (formerly known as Lippia gracillis) is an aromatic plant native to Brazil, with leaves rich in essential oils that possess significant biological activities. We evaluated the effect of essential oil of L. grata (EOLG) as a dietary additive on the growth, somatic indices, and biochemical parameters of juveniles (5.25 ± 0.26 g) of tambatinga, a hybrid fish obtained by crossing tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomum) of great economic importance in north and northeastern Brazil. We evaluated four dietary treatments, consisting of EOLG supplemented at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL kg-1, over 60 days. Carcass yield was significantly higher in fish fed all EOLG diets compared to those fed the control diet (0.0 mL kg-1). Animals that received the 0.5 mL kg-1 treatment gained significantly more weight and showed a higher specific growth rate than those treated with 1.0 and 2.0 ml kg-1 EOLG, although none differed significantly from the control. The feed conversion rate was significantly lower in the 0.5 than in the 1.0 mL kg-1 treatment. Compared with higher concentrations, the diet containing 0.5 mL kg-1 EOLG increased the use of muscle glycogen, glucose, and lactate to meet energy demands, avoiding the use of muscle protein. Our results suggest that dietary supplementation with EOLG significantly improves carcass yield in tambatinga juveniles but that concentrations above 0.5 mL kg-1 may compromise growth rates and carbohydrate metabolism in this fish.
Lesão renal aguda induzida por contraste em pacientes submetidos à angioplastia coronariana: coorte prospectiva
Authors: Moitinho Matheus Santos , Silva Junior Jumar Reis Da , Cunha Maximina De Barros , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida , Caixeta Adriano Mendes , Pimpinato Attilio Galhardo , Junglos Alana Francine , Belasco Angélica Gonçalves Da Silva , Fonseca Cassiane Dezoti da
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a incidência, os fatores de risco e as associações dos desfechos clínicos para Lesão Renal Aguda Induzida Por Contraste (LRA-IC) em pacientes com Síndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA) após angioplastia coronariana. Método: Coorte prospectivo de 182 pacientes seguidos por três meses após angioplastia, entre julho de 2020 e junho de 2021. As variáveis foram sociodemográficas, clínicas e relacionadas ao procedimento. Resultados: A incidência de LRA-IC foi de 35,7% (n = 65) e esteve associada à idade avançada, diabetes mellitus e doença renal crônica (respectivamente p = 0,004, p < 0,001 e p = 0,009). Dos 17 pacientes que faleceram em até 90 dias, 76,5% tiveram LRA-IC (n = 13), a razão de chances entre óbito e LRA-IC foi de aproximadamente 7,2 vezes (intervalo de confiança (IC) 95%, [2,41;26,36]; p = 0.001). A diminuição de uma unidade na hemoglobina basal do paciente demonstrou um aumento de 6,5% para LRA-IC (IC 95%, [–0,089; –0,040]; p < 0,0001). Conclusão: Em pacientes com SCA após angioplastia, a LRA-IC tem alta incidência e está relacionada com diabetes mellitus e doença renal crônica, apresentando altos índices de mortalidade.
Desfechos renais a longo prazo em crianças após transplante alogênico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas avaliados com equações de taxa de filtração glomerular estimada, níveis de creatinina e níveis de cistatina C
Authors: Gadashova Aysha , Tunçay Seçil Conkar , Özek Gülcihan , Hakverdi Gülden , Kansoy Savaş , Kabasakal Caner , Aksoylar Serap
Published: July 2022

Resumo Antecedentes e objetivo: Com o uso generalizado do transplante alogênico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH-alo), as complicações a longo prazo tornaram-se evidentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência e os fatores de risco do desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica (DRC) a longo prazo em pacientes submetidos a TCTH-alo na infância, e também investigar a superioridade das fórmulas de TFGe. Métodos: O presente estudo avaliou a DRC em pacientes que foram submetidos ao TCTH-alo. Analisamos as 94 crianças que receberam TCTH-alo na Universidade Ege em İzmir entre Agosto e Novembro de 2019. Os pacientes foram avaliados aos 2 anos após o transplante. A DRC foi definida como uma taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) <90 mL/min/1,73 m2 usando equações de TFGe baseadas em creatinina sérica (CrS), cistatina C (CisC), e CrS mais CisC. Resultados: Em nosso estudo, 9 pacientes (9,4%), de acordo com a equação de Schwartz (à beira do leito), 59 (76,6%), de acordo com a equação DRC-TFGe-CisC, e 20 (26%) pacientes, de acordo com a equação DRC-TFGe-CrS-CisC, foram classificados com DRC. Quando a TFG é avaliada pela CisC, verificamos que o desenvolvimento precoce de lesão renal aguda (LRA), a reativação do citomegalovírus (CMV) pós-transplante e ter >120 meses durante o transplante foram associados ao desenvolvimento de DRC. Conclusão: Pode haver atraso na detecção da DRC quando usamos fórmulas baseadas em CrS em casos de TCTH-alo, que é um grupo de pacientes onde o diagnóstico e tratamento precoces da DRC são muito importantes.
Complicações infecciosas e mecânicas relacionadas à diálise peritoneal de início planejado vs. não planejado: um estudo de coorte
Authors: Müller João Victor Costa , Ponce Daniela
Published: July 2022

Resumo Antecedentes: Poucos estudos compararam as complicações infecciosas e mecânicas relacionadas à diálise peritoneal (DP) de início planejado e não planejado. Objetivos: Comparar a incidência e etiologia das complicações mecânicas e infecciosas associadas à DP tanto de início planejado quanto não planejado e avaliar comparativamente a sobrevida da técnica e dos pacientes. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo que avaliou pacientes com doença renal crônica em DP não planejada e planejada de 2014 a 2020 quanto às complicações mecânicas e infecciosas e desfechos clínicos óbito ou mudança para hemodiálise. Resultados: Foram avaliados 99 pacientes em DP planejada e 206 em DP não planejada. Foram semelhantes quanto à incidência de Infecção do Orifício de Saída (18,9x17,17%, p=0,71), peritonite (24,27x27,27%, p=0,57) e diferentes quanto aos agentes etiológicos das peritonites, sendo os bacilos Gram-negativos não fermentadores mais frequentes no grupo planejado. Diferiram quanto à complicação mecânica extravasamento e internação, ambas mais frequentes no grupo não planejado (10,68 x 2,02%, p=0,0085 e 35,44 x 17,17%, p=0,0011, respectivamente). Semelhantes quanto à sobrevida dos pacientes e da técnica. À regressão de Cox, associou ao óbito a idade (HR=1,051, IC 95% 1,026-1,07, p=0,0001) e a albumina (HR=0,66, IC 95% 0,501-0,893, p=0,0064), e à peritonite a presença de diabetes (HR=2,016, IC 95% 1,25-3,25, p=0,004). Conclusão: A sobrevida da técnica e dos pacientes foi semelhante nos grupos DP planejada e não planejada, enquanto o extravasamento foi mais frequente no grupo de início não planejado. Associaram-se ao óbito menores valores de albumina e maior idade, e à peritonite, o diabetes.
How to use the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) in orthodontic research
Authors: NOVAES Isabela Coelho , CLEMENTINO Luna Chagas , FLORES-MIR Carlos , MARQUES Leandro Silva , MARTINS-JÚNIOR Paulo Antônio
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Clinical trial protocols are essential documents that serve as a basis for research planning. The Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) statement aimed to increase the transparency and integrity of clinical trial protocols. Objectives: This paper described the main aspects of the SPIRIT, highlighting the importance of using this guideline in Orthodontics. Results: The SPIRIT is composed of 33 items and the diagram, which were presented and explained. Conclusion: The use of the SPIRIT checklist must become essential to increase the transparency and integrity of more reliable and less biased clinical trials in orthodontic research, improving the quality of future publications in this field.
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on pain and oral health-related quality of life in women with temporomandibular disorder
Authors: MENDONÇA Ana Karolina Reis , FONTOURA Luana Pinheiro Guerra , ROCHA Thaynara Domingos da , FONTENELE Rocharles Cavalcante , NUNES Tereza Nicolle Burgos , REGIS Romulo Rocha , PINTO-FIAMENGUI Lívia Maria Sales
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare pain intensity and Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in women with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) before (T1) and during (T2) COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Sample was composed of forty-one female participants with painful TMD, who presented for TMD treatment. Subjects were asked to indicate their pain intensity and to answer the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Participants data were collected twice: T1 (evaluation of medical records fulfilled before COVID-19 pandemic) and T2 (by means of an online form). Socio-demographic data were assessed in T1. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5% (Wilcoxon, chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, multiple linear regressions). Results: No difference was found in pain intensity (p=0.26) and OHIP-14 global scores (p=0.53). Physical pain (p=0.03) and social disability (p=0.05) domains improved. In T1, subject’s occupation was associated with OHIP-14 global score, physical pain, and physical disability domains. In T2, age was associated with OHIP-14 global scores as well as physical pain, psychological discomfort, and psychological disability domains. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic did not worsen pain intensity and OHRQoL in women with painful TMD, and it is suggested that socio-demographic characteristics influenced TMD patients coping skills during pandemic.
ENGAJAMENTO, DELIBERAÇÃO E INFORMAÇÃO: COMO OS ESTUDANTES PENSAM A DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Brasil Marina Valentim , Ely Isadora Bins , Costa Angelo Brandelli
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho buscou compreender a forma que jovens do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública em Porto Alegre (RS) compreendem o conceito da democracia, partindo da premissa de que esta noção é necessária para o engajamento cívico efetivo e serve de indicativo dos efeitos da educação para a vida pública que tem ocorrido em nosso contexto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, fruto de uma pesquisa maior. Uma escola foi contatada em maio de 2018, e participaram da pesquisa 197 estudantes de Ensino Médio. Serão apresentados os resultados da análise das respostas dos estudantes para a pergunta: “O que é democracia?”. Como método de análise, foi utilizado o método de Análise Temática. A partir das respostas dos participantes foram constituídos cinco eixos temáticos, que demonstram que as ideias sobre democracia parecem evidenciar um importante distanciamento do tema da democracia. Discute-se que mesmo com diversos recursos de mobilização na atualidade e de posturas pró democracia, a barreira maior para um exercício efetivo da vida pública possa ser a oferta da oportunidade de instrumentalizar-se politicamente, através de maiores informações e a defesa dos valores desta. Carecemos, portanto, de garantias institucionais no aspecto mais defendido como indispensável pela literatura acadêmica: a garantia de sermos educados politicamente. Defende-se que o aspecto mais deficitário para a cidadania jovem ativa seja a garantia de espaços formais para que esta possa ser construída, e que isso deve ocorrer dentro das escolas
Backprop-Free Reinforcement Learning with Active Neural Generative Coding
Authors: Ororbia Alexander G. , Mali Ankur
Published: July 2022

In humans, perceptual awareness facilitates the fast recognition and extraction of information from sensory input. This awareness largely depends on how the human agent interacts with the environment. In this work, we propose active neural generative coding, a computational framework for learning action-driven generative models without backpropagation of errors (backprop) in dynamic environments. Specifically, we develop an intelligent agent that operates even with sparse rewards, drawing inspiration from the cognitive theory of planning as inference. We demonstrate on several simple control problems that our framework performs competitively with deep Q-learning. The robust performance of our agent offers promising evidence that a backprop-free approach for neural inference and learning can drive goal-directed behavior.
VECA: A New Benchmark and Toolkit for General Cognitive Development
Authors: Park Kwanyoung , Oh Hyunseok , Lee Youngki
Published: July 2022

The developmental approach, simulating a cognitive development of a human, arises as a way to nurture a human-level commonsense and overcome the limitations of data-driven approaches. However, neither a virtual environment nor an evaluation platform exists for the overall development of core cognitive skills. We present the VECA(Virtual Environment for Cognitive Assessment), which consists of two main components: (i) a first benchmark to assess the overall cognitive development of an AI agent, and (ii) a novel toolkit to generate diverse and distinct cognitive tasks. VECA benchmark virtually implements the cognitive scale of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-IV(Bayley-4), the gold-standard developmental assessment for human infants and toddlers. Our VECA toolkit provides a human toddler-like embodied agent with various human-like perceptual features crucial to human cognitive development, e.g., binocular vision, 3D-spatial audio, and tactile receptors. We compare several modern RL algorithms on our VECA benchmark and seek their limitations in modeling human-like cognitive development. We further analyze the validity of the VECA benchmark, as well as the effect of human-like sensory characteristics on cognitive skills.