bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation among middle school students
Authors: Doumas Diana M. , Midgett Aida
Published: October 2022

Suicide is a significant public health concern school‐aged youth. Although a growing body of literature has documented the association between cyberbullying and suicidal ideation, and the mediating effect of internalizing symptoms, there is no research to date examining the impact of witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation. To address this gap, we conducted a cross‐sectional study with middle school students (N = 130). Students completed questionnaires assessing witnessing cyberbullying, witnessing school bullying, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. We used structural equation modeling to test a mediational model in which we hypothesized internalizing symptoms would mediate the unique relationship between witnessing cyberbullying and suicidal ideation (i.e., controlling for witnessing school bullying). Results supported the mediational model, indicating the frequency of witnessing cyberbullying was positively related to internalizing symptoms, which in turn were related to higher levels of suicidal ideation. Findings suggest the importance of providing programs to support middle school students who witness cyberbullying to reduce the mental health risks (i.e., internalizing symptoms and suicidal ideation) associated with being a cyberbullying bystander.
The clinical yield of bronchoscopy in the management of cystic fibrosis: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Gileles‐Hillel Alex , Yochi Harpaz Limor , Breuer Oded , Reiter Joel , Tsabari Reuven , Kerem Eitan , Cohen‐Cymberknoh Malena , Stafler Patrick , Mei‐Zahav Meir , Toukan Yazeed , Bentur Lea , Shoseyov David
Published: October 2022

Background

Pulmonary disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Several studies have shown no benefit for bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) over sputum to obtain microbiological cultures, hence the role of bronchoscopy in pwCF is unclear.

Aim

To analyze how bronchoscopy results affected clinical decision‐making in pwCF and assess safety.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of all charts of pwCF from three CF centers in Israel, between the years 2008 and 2019. We collected BAL culture results as well as sputum cultures obtained within 1 month of the BAL sample. A meaningful yield was defined as a decision to start antibiotics, change the antibiotic regimen, hospitalize the patient for treatment, or the resolution of the problem that led to bronchoscopy (e.g., atelectasis or hemoptysis).

Results

During the study years, of the 428 consecutive patient charts screened, 72 patients had 154 bronchoscopies (2.14 bronchoscopies/patient). Forty‐five percent of the bronchoscopies had a meaningful clinical yield. The finding of copious sputum on bronchoscopy was strongly associated with a change in treatment (OR: 5.25, 95%CI: 2.1−13.07, p < 0.001). BAL culture results were strongly associated with a meaningful yield, specifically isolation of Aspergillus spp. (p = 0.003), Haemophilus influenza (p = 0.001). Eight minor adverse events following bronchoscopy were recorded.

Conclusions

In this multicenter retrospective analysis of bronchoscopy procedures from three CF centers, we have shown that a significant proportion of bronchoscopies led to a change in treatment, with no serious adverse events. Our findings suggest that bronchoscopy is a safe procedure that may assist in guiding treatment in some pwCF. Future studies should evaluate whether BAL‐guided decision‐making may also lead to a change in clinical outcomes in pwCF.
Caregiver comprehension and satisfaction associated with informed consent for pediatric flexible bronchoscopy: A single‐center experience
Authors: Simpson Ryne , McHendry Carolyn , Mullen Lisa , Burg Gregory
Published: October 2022

Pediatric flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is a relatively common procedure performed in children with respiratory concerns. Despite this, there is no data examining the informed consent process for FB. A prospective study evaluating informed consent comprehension and satisfaction was conducted in 71 primary caregivers of children undergoing outpatient FB. Most caregivers (97%) were overall satisfied with the consent process and reported understanding the potential benefits (97%) and minor risks (94%) associated with the procedure. A smaller percentage (83%) reported understanding major risks associated with FB. Patient safety was reported as the most important aspect of the consent process. Caregivers of children undergoing FB for the first time were more likely to want additional FB‐specific information when compared to caregivers of children who had previously undergone FB (53% vs 16%, odds ratio: 5.97). In general, caregivers of children undergoing outpatient FB are satisfied with the informed consent process. Areas for improvement include ensuring adequate understanding of major risks associated with the procedure and considering a tailored approach based on the caregiver's level of experience.
Interstitial lung disease in autoinflammatory disease in childhood: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Nayir Buyuksahin Halime , Basaran Ozge , Balık Zeynep , Bilginer Yelda , Ozen Seza , Dogru Deniz
Published: October 2022

Background/Objectives

The lung is one of the target organs in the systemic involvement of autoinflammatory disease (AID), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the primary phenotype of lung involvement in AID. In this review, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of the available literature to highlight ILD in AID.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus from the inception of the databases to January 2022. References were first screened by title and then by abstract by two authors. Eighteen original papers were selected for full‐text review.

Results

During the literature search, we identified 18 relevant articles describing 52 cases of AID and ILD. Of those, 44 patients had stimulator of interferon genes‐associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), six had coatomer protein complex (COPA) syndrome, one had haploinsufficiency of A20, and one had mevalonate kinase deficiency. Pulmonary fibrosis, cyst formation, and ground glass areas were the most common findings in chest tomography of patients with COPA syndrome and SAVI. Janus kinase inhibitors were used to treat most of the patients with SAVI, which stabilized ILD.

Conclusions

ILD should be considered carefully in children with AID, especially those with interferonopathy.
Self‐Amplifying Iridium(III) Photosensitizer for Ferroptosis‐Mediated Immunotherapy Against Transferrin Receptor‐Overexpressing Cancer
Authors: Ling Yu‐Yi , Wang Wen‐Jin , Hao Liang , Wu Xiao‐Wen , Liang Jing‐Hao , Zhang Hang , Mao Zong‐Wan , Tan Cai‐Ping
Published: October 2022

Photoimmunotherapy is attractive for cancer treatment due to its spatial controllability and sustained responses. This work presents a ferrocene‐containing Ir(III) photosensitizer (IrFc1) that can bind with transferrin and be transported into triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells via a transferrin receptor‐mediated pathway. When the ferrocene in IrFc1 is oxidized by reactive oxygen species, its capability to photosensitize both type I (electron transfer) and type II (energy transfer) pathways is activated through a self‐amplifying process. Upon irradiation, IrFc1 induces the generation of lipid oxidation to cause ferroptosis in TNBC cells, which promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD) under both normoxia and hypoxia. In vivo, IrFc1 treatment elicits a CD8+ T‐cell response, which activates ICD in TNBC resulting in enhanced anticancer immunity. In summary, this work reports a small molecule‐based photosensitizer with enhanced cancer immunotherapeutic properties by eliciting ferroptosis through a self‐amplifying process.
Propagation of singularities by Osgood vector fields and for 2D inviscid incompressible fluids
Authors: Drivas Theodore D. , Elgindi Tarek M. , La Joonhyun
Published: October 2022

We show that certain singular structures (Hölderian cusps and mild divergences) are transported by the flow of homeomorphisms generated by an Osgood velocity field. The structure of these singularities is related to the modulus of continuity of the velocity and the results are shown to be sharp in the sense that slightly more singular structures cannot generally be propagated. For the 2D Euler equation, we prove that certain singular structures are preserved by the motion, e.g. a system of $$\log \log _+(1/|x|)$$

log

log
+

(
1
/
|
x
|
)

vortices (and those that are slightly less singular) travel with the fluid in a nonlinear fashion, up to bounded perturbations. We also give stability results for weak Euler solutions away from their singular set.
A unified error analysis for nonlinear wave-type equations with application to acoustic boundary conditions
Authors: Leibold Jan
Published: October 2022

In this work we present a unified error analysis for abstract space discretizations of wave-type equations with nonlinear quasi-monotone operators. This yields an error bound in terms of discretization and interpolation errors that can be applied to various equations and space discretizations fitting in the abstract setting. We use the unified error analysis to prove novel convergence rates for a non-conforming finite element space discretization of wave equations with nonlinear acoustic boundary conditions and illustrate the error bound by a numerical experiment.
The Effect of Topical Agents on the Tensile Strength of Absorbable and Non‐absorbable Suture Materials—An in Vitro Study
Authors: Alnaqi Amar , Burhamah Waleed , Al‐Sultan Ahmad T. , Taqi Esmaeel
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Topical agents are sometimes applied to surgical wounds after closure; these may include antiseptics or antibiotics. Minimal research has been undertaken to investigate the effect of topical regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.

Aim

To investigate the effect of four commonly used wound care regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.

Methods

The failure load of 9 different suture materials was tested using the Instron Electroplus E3000 tensile testing machine (Instron Corporation, Norwood, Massachusetts). Tensile strength was represented as the failure load, measured in Newtons (N), and defined as the maximal load that could be applied across the suture prior to failure. Each suture was tested dry and after immersion in one of 4 products for 7 days and tested on day 7. The immersion agents tested were: sodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe® (Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Petaluma, CA), Aqueous Povidone‐iodine 10% solution (Betadine—Mundipharma), and Fucidin ointment.

Results

Sodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe®, Aqueous Povidone‐iodine 10%, and Fucidin seem to increase the failure load of most absorbable and non‐absorbable sutures. However, the failure load of Polyglactin 910 suture (Surgilactin, coated, violet‐Ethicon) is reduced by long‐term exposure to either sodium chloride 0.9% or MicroSafe®, while the failure load of the Polydioxanone suture (PDS Plus‐Ethicon) is reduced by long‐term exposure to MicroSafe® only.

Conclusion

In our experiment, the commonly used wound care products have been shown to alter the tensile strength of suture materials. Further human studies are required to ascertain the clinical validity and applicability of our findings.
Lesion follows function: video-oculography compared with MRI to diagnose internuclear ophthalmoplegia in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Omary Rawan , Bockisch Christopher J. , De Vere-Tyndall Anthony , Pazahr Shila , Baráth Krisztina , Weber Konrad P.
Published: October 2022

Background

Video-oculography (VOG) is used to quantify functional deficits in internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), whereas MRI can detect the corresponding structural lesions in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). This study investigates the diagnostic agreement of MRI compared to VOG measurements.

Methods

We prospectively compared structural MRI findings and functional VOG measures of 63 MS patients to assess their diagnostic agreement for INO.

Results

MRI detected 12 true-positive and 92 true-negative MLF lesions for INO compared to VOG (12 true-positive and 38 true-negative patients) but identified one-third of the MLF lesions on the wrong side. MRI ratings were specific (92.0%) to detect MLF lesions but not sensitive (46.2%) for diagnosing INO (86.4% and 63.2% by patient). Accordingly, MRI has a high positive likelihood ratio of 5.77 but a modest negative likelihood ratio of 0.59 for the probability of INO (4.63 and 0.43) with an accuracy of 82.5% (79.4%).

Conclusion

MRI assessments are highly specific but not sensitive for detecting INO compared to VOG. While MRI identifies MLF lesions in INO, VOG quantifies the deficit. As a simple, quick, and non-invasive test for diagnosing and tracking functional INO deficits, it will hopefully find its place in the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways of MS.
Modeling and analyzing the motion of a 2DOF dynamical tuned absorber system close to resonance
Authors: Amer T. S. , Abdelhfeez S. A. , Elbaz Rewan F.
Published: October 2022

This work investigates the planar motion of a dynamical model with two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) consisting of a connected tuned absorber with a simple pendulum. It is taken into account that the pendulum’s pivot moves in a Lissajous trajectory with stationary angular velocity in the presence of a harmonic excitation moment. In terms of the model’s generalized coordinates, Lagrange’s equations are used to derive the motion’s controlling system. The approximate solutions of this system, up to a higher order of approximation, are achieved utilizing the approach of multiple scales (AMS). Resonance cases are all classified, in which two of them are examined simultaneously to gain the corresponding equations of modulation. The solutions at the steady-state are studied in terms of solvability conditions. According to the Routh-Hurwitz criteria, all potential fixed points at steady and unsteady states are determined and graphed. The dynamical behavior of the motion's time-histories and the curves of resonance are drawn. Regions of stability are examined by inspecting their graphs in order to assess the favorable impact of various parameters on the motion. The achieved outcomes are regarded as novel because the used methodology is applied to a specific dynamical system. The importance of this model under study can be seen from its numerous applications in disciplines like engineering and physics. Furthermore, pendulum vibration absorbers are commonly employed to reduce the vibrations in engineering constructions such as chimneys, bridges, television towers, high buildings, auto-balancing shafts, and antennas.
Globally supported surrogate model based on support vector regression for nonlinear structural engineering applications
Authors: Funk Steffen , Airoud Basmaji Ammar , Nackenhorst Udo
Published: October 2022

This work presents a global surrogate modelling of mechanical systems with elasto-plastic material behaviour based on support vector regression (SVR). In general, the main challenge in surrogate modelling is to construct an approximation model with the ability to capture the non-smooth behaviour of the system under interest. This paper investigates the ability of the SVR to deal with discontinuous and high non-smooth outputs. Two different kernel functions, namely the Gaussian and Matèrn 5/2 kernel functions, are examined and compared through one-dimensional, purely phenomenological elasto-plastic case. Thereafter, an essential part of this paper is addressed towards the application of the SVR for the two-dimensional elasto-plastic case preceded by a finite element method. In this study, the SVR computational cost is reduced by using anisotropic training grid where the number of points are only increased in the direction of the most important input parameters. Finally, the SVR accuracy is improved by smoothing the response surface based on the linear regression. The SVR is constructed using an in-house MATLAB code, while Abaqus is used as a finite element solver.
NOD2 inhibits the proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells through autophagy
Authors: Li Xiaozhi , Liu Suo , Jin Longyu , Ma Yuchao , Liu Tao
Published: October 2022

Aim

To study the regulatory mechanism of NOD2 in the inhibition of esophageal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation.

Methods

Cell experiments: after confirming the decrease in NOD2 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma, we overexpressed NOD2 in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via lentivirus, compared and verified the changes in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell proliferation before and after NOD2 overexpression, and compared the overexpression group with the control group by mRNA sequencing to identify pathways that may affect cell proliferation. Then, the autophagy level of multiple groups were assessed, and the results were verified by rescue experiments. In vivo experiments: we administered esophageal adenocarcinoma cells to nude mice to form tumors under their skin and then injected the tumors with NOD2 overexpression lentivirus and negative control lentivirus. After a period of time, the growth curve of the tumor was generated, and the tumor was removed to generate sections. Ki67 was labeled with immunohistochemistry to verify cell proliferation, and the protein was extracted from the tissue to detect the molecular indices of the corresponding pathway.

Results

Upregulation of NOD2 expression inhibited the proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Upregulation of NOD2 expression increased the autophagy level of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via ATG16L1. After ATG16L1 was inhibited, NOD2 had no significant effect on autophagy and proliferation of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Enhanced autophagy in esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines inhibited cell proliferation. In vivo, the upregulation of NOD2 expression improved the autophagy level of tumor tissue and inhibited cells proliferation.

Conclusion

NOD2 can activate autophagy in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells through the ATG16L1 pathway and inhibit cell proliferation.
Value of central review of RECIST v1.1 outcomes in the AGITG INTEGRATE randomised phase 2 international trial for advanced oesophago-gastric cancer
Authors: Sjoquist Katrin M. , Martin Andrew , Pavlakis Nick , Goldstein David , Tsobanis Eric , Moses Daniel , Maher Richard , Hague Wendy , Gebski Val , Stockler Martin R. , Simes R. John ,   the Australasian Gastro-Intestinal Trials Group (AGITG)
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Activity estimates should be accurately evaluated in phase 2 clinical trials to ensure appropriate decisions about proceeding to phase 3 trials. RECIST v1.1. progression-free survival (PFS) is a common endpoint in oncology; however, it can be influenced by assessment criteria and trial design. We assessed the value of central adjudication of investigator-assessed PFS times of participants in a double-blind, randomised phase 2 trial evaluating regorafenib versus placebo in advanced gastro-oesophageal cancer (AGITG INTEGRATE) to inform plans for central review in future trials.

Methods

We calculated the proportion of participants with a disagreement between the site investigator assessment and blinded independent central review and in whom central review resulted in a change, then evaluated the effect of central review on study conclusions by comparing hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS based on site review versus central review. Post-progression unblinding was assessed with similar methods. Simulation studies explored the effect of differential and non-differential measurement error on treatment effect estimation and study power.

Results

Disagreements between site assessments versus central review occurred in 8/147 (5.4%) participants, 5 resulting in amended date of progression (3.4%). PFS HRs (sites vs central review progression dates) were similar (0.39 vs 0.40). RECIST progression occurred in 82/86 (95%) of cases where post-progression unblinding was requested by the site investigator.

Conclusions

Blinded independent central review was feasible and supported the reliability of site assessments, trial results, and conclusions. Modelling showed that when treatment effects were large and outcome assessments blinded, central review was unlikely to affect conclusions.
Prognostic relevance of mixed histological subtypes in invasive breast carcinoma: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Rechsteiner Anna , Dietrich Daniel , Varga Zsuzsanna
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The prognostic and therapeutic power of special histological subtypes in breast cancer in pure form or in combination with other histological subtypes is still not established, and diagnostic guidelines are cautious regarding prognostic power based on the histological subtype alone. Therapy decisions are guided in most cases independently of the histological subtype and are directed by biomarkers and tumor stage. In this study, we analyzed a comprehensive large retrospective breast cancer cohort with a special focus on histological subtype (other than ductal non-special type or lobular carcinoma) and correlated pure or mixed histological forms with pathological tumor stage and overall disease-free survival.

Materials and methods

A total of 827 breast cancer cases with pure or mixed special histological types were retrospectively analyzed. Survival information was available in 645 of 827 cases.

Results

A total of 293 cases had pure forms, and 534 cases had mixed histological subtypes. The most common pure special types were mucinous (23.9%), micropapillary (21.2%), high-grade metaplastic (13%), male breast cancer (8.2%), cribriform (6.8%), metastases (6.1%), apocrine and papillary (each 5.46%), NST with medullary and clear cell pattern (up to 3.4%) and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (2.7%). Mixed forms were most frequently encountered in NST carcinomas with micropapillary components (41.8%), followed by mucinous (9.93%) and cribriform (6.74%) mixed patterns. In univariate analysis, no pure form had prognostic relevance compared with any mixed form with the basic pure element. Pooling pure histological subtypes with tumor stage and age in a linear random-effects model, the cribriform subtype had the most favorable prognosis, while male breast cancer showed the poorest outcome (p < 0.001). All other frequent pure forms had intermediate prognostic power (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our results show that the analyzed special histological breast cancer subtypes (other than ductal and lobular carcinomas) do not carry prognostic information alone, either in pure form or in any combination with other subtypes. Prognostic groups including special subtypes, however, can strongly stratify breast cancer if tumor stage, age and biomarkers are included in the prognostic measurements.
Physical performance capacity after pediatric kidney transplant and clinical parameters associated with physical performance capacity
Authors: Mäenpää Heidi , Tainio Juuso , Arokoski Jari , Jahnukainen Timo
Published: October 2022

Background

History of chronic kidney disease and kidney transplantation is known to influence physical performance capacity. The aim of this study was to compare the physical performance of pediatric kidney transplant recipients to healthy controls and to find possible correlations between clinical parameters and physical performance capacity.

Methods

Twenty-four pediatric kidney transplant recipients (62.5% boys) were tested at a median age of 10.8 years. Physical performance capacity was tested with a test set including six different components assessing muscle endurance, strength, speed, and flexibility. The control group consisted of 273 healthy age-matched schoolchildren. Clinical parameters were collected as part of routine follow-up protocol. The majority of patients (62.5%) had congenital nephrotic syndrome of Finnish type (CNS) as primary diagnosis, and therefore, the results of CNS recipients were compared to the other disease groups.

Results

The physical performance capacity in pediatric kidney transplant recipients was lower compared to healthy controls. Surprisingly, no statistically significant correlation was found between graft function and physical performance capacity. The CNS patients scored worse than patients with other diagnoses in all test domains except for sit-and-reach and shuttle run, but the differences did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion

The physical performance of pediatric kidney transplant recipients is reduced, especially in those with congenital nephrotic syndrome. Clinical parameters, including graft function, did not predict physical performance capacity, suggesting that the reduced physical performance seems to be of multivariable cause.

Graphical abstract
Predictors of successful discontinuation of continuous kidney replacement therapy in a pediatric cohort
Authors: Wei Elizabeth Y. , Vuong Kim T. , Lee Euyhyun , Liu Lin , Ingulli Elizabeth , Coufal Nicole G.
Published: October 2022

Background

Recognizing the optimal time to discontinue continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is necessary to advance patient recovery and mitigate complications. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of successful CKRT cessation in pediatric patients.

Methods

All patients requiring CKRT between January 2010 and March 2021 were evaluated. Patients on peritoneal or hemodialysis, who transferred between institutions, or who did not trial off CKRT were excluded. Successful discontinuation was defined as remaining off CKRT for at least 7 days. Demographics, admission diagnoses, PRISM III scores, and reasons for CKRT initiation were obtained. Clinical and biochemical variables were evaluated at CKRT initiation and discontinuation and in the 12-h period following discontinuation. Comparisons were conducted using Wilcoxon rank sum and Fisher’s exact tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. A logistic regression model was fitted to identify significant factors.

Results

Ninety-nine patients underwent a trial off CKRT. Admission and initiation characteristics of the success and failure groups were similar. Patients who required re-initiation (n = 26) had longer ICU lengths of stay (27.2 vs. 44.5 days, p = 0.046) and higher in-hospital mortality (15.1% vs. 46.2%, p = 0.002). Urine output greater than 0.5 mL/kg/h irrespective of diuretic administration in the 6-h period before CKRT discontinuation was a significant predictor (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.60–0.84, p = 0.0009).

Conclusions

Determining the predictors of sustained CKRT discontinuation is critical. Urine output greater than 0.5 mL/kg/h in this pediatric cohort predicted successful discontinuation. Future studies are needed to validate this threshold in disease- and age-specific cohorts and evaluate additional biomarkers of kidney injury.

Graphical abstract
Heuristic optimisation of multi-task dynamic architecture neural network (DAN2)
Authors: Zhang Sushen , Vassiliadis Vassilios S. , Hao Zhimian , Cao Liwei , Lapkin Alexei A.
Published: October 2022

This article proposes a novel method to optimise the Dynamic Architecture Neural Network (DAN2) adapted for a multi-task learning problem. The multi-task learning neural network adopts a multi-head and serial architecture with DAN2 layers acting as the basic subroutine. Adopting a dynamic architecture, the layers are added consecutively starting from a minimal initial structure. The optimisation method adopts an iterative heuristic scheme that sequentially optimises the shared layers and the task-specific layers until the solver converges to a small tolerance. Application of the method has demonstrated the applicability of the algorithm to simulated datasets. Comparable results to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been obtained in terms of accuracy and speed.
Formation of multiple aerial LED signs in multiple lanes formed with AIRR by use of two beam splitters
Authors: Sakane Shinya , Kudo Daiki , Mukojima Naoya , Yasugi Masaki , Suyama Shiro , Yamamoto Hirotsugu
Published: October 2022

We propose multiple aerial imaging system by use of two beam splitters in the optical system of aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR). The AIRR optical system consists of a light source, a beam splitter, and a retro-reflector. Use of two-layered beam splitters enables us to show multiple aerial signs to drivers in multiple driving lanes. The purpose of this paper is to confirm feasibility that an aerial display by use of AIRR for a novel traffic information provision. First, we explain an optical configuration to show aerial images to multiple road lanes, a driving lane and an overtaking lane with AIRR by use of two beam splitters. Next, we have developed a prototype optical system by use of two large beam splitters and a large high-brightness LED sign that is designed to be used for actual road displays. The light source was an LED display with a height of 450 mm and a width of 390 mm, which shows a character. We observed aerial images by naked eyes as experiments. And we discuss the issues for practical application that the experiments have revealed.
Lipoprotein (a) is related to In-Stent neoatherosclerosis incidence rate and plaque vulnerability: Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Yuan Xiaohang , Han Yan , Hu Xin , Jiang Mengting , Feng Huanhuan , Fang Yan , Liu Miao , Chen Yundai , Gao Lei
Published: October 2022

Background

In-stent neoatherosclerosis (ISNA) is an important reason for stent failure. High lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] level is an independent predictor of in-stent restenosis (ISR). To date, the relationship between the level of serum Lp (a) and the incidence rate and vulnerability of ISNA has never been verified.

Methods

A total of 119 patients with 125 drug-eluting stent ISR lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention guided by optical coherence tomography were enrolled in this study. According to their Lp (a) level, the patients were divided into two groups [high Lp (a) group ≥ 30 mg/dL, n = 47; or low Lp (a) group < 30 mg/dL, n = 72]. The clinical baseline, angiographic characteristics, and optical coherence tomography data of both groups were recorded and analyzed.

Results

No significant differences in clinical and angiographic characteristics were found between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence rate of ISNA in the high Lp (a) group was significantly higher than that in the low Lp (a) group (94.0% [n = 47] vs. 52.0% [n = 39], P < 0.001). The incidence rate of thin-cap fibroatheroma in ISR lesions was significantly higher in the high Lp (a) group than in the low Lp (a) group (42% [n = 21] vs. 5.3% [n = 4], P < 0.001).

Conclusion

A high Lp (a) level is associated with the high incidence rate and plaque vulnerability of ISNA.
Commentary: Engage or disengage? Interpretations from a resource conservation perspective
Authors: Gendolla Guido H. E.
Published: October 2022

In this commentary, I discuss the eight empirical contributions to the Motivation and Emotion special issue on goal disengagement from a resource conservation perspective. This process was not in the focus of the reported studies, but is central for understanding both engaging and disengaging. I will outline that many of the new findings on disengagement reported in this special issue are highly compatible with the predictions of and research on motivational intensity theory. Examples are the roles of commitment, subjective goal value, affective experiences, autonomy, self-awareness, and action planning. These variables have been found to be central for both engagement and disengagement and their consideration in a resource mobilization perspective should contribute to a more complete understanding of “letting go”.
School principals’ social support and teachers’ basic need satisfaction: The mediating role of job demands and job resources
Authors: Maas Jasper , Schoch Simone , Scholz Urte , Rackow Pamela , Schüler Julia , Wegner Mirko , Keller Roger
Published: October 2022

Many teachers report high levels of occupational stress. Teachers’ basic need satisfaction is essential for teachers’ well-being at work. Social support from school principals is assumed to play an important role for teachers’ basic need satisfaction. However, the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between social support from school principals and teachers’ basic need satisfaction are mostly unknown. Previous research suggests that job demands and job resources may play an important mediating role. Therefore, we examine whether teachers’ perceived job demands and job resources serve as mediators between social support from the school principal and teachers’ basic need satisfaction. Using longitudinal data ofN = 1071 teachers over the course of one school year, we applied structural equation modelling to test the hypothesised mediation model. Results showed that the relationship between social support from the school principal and teachers’ basic need satisfaction was mediated by teachers’ perceived job demands and job resources. Particularly, the job demand ‘unclear organisational conditions’ and job resource ‘social support from colleagues’ indicated the strongest effects on teachers’ basic need satisfaction. These findings emphasise the responsibility of school principals to provide social support to their teachers and create a well-structured and supportive workplace. In doing so, school principals contribute to a work environment in which teachers can thrive.
Multilayer Fisher extreme learning machine for classification
Authors: Lai Jie , Wang Xiaodan , Xiang Qian , Wang Jian , Lei Lei
Published: October 2022

As a special deep learning algorithm, the multilayer extreme learning machine (ML-ELM) has been extensively studied to solve practical problems in recent years. The ML-ELM is constructed from the extreme learning machine autoencoder (ELM-AE), and its generalization performance is affected by the representation learning of the ELM-AE. However, given label information, the unsupervised learning of the ELM-AE is difficult to build the discriminative feature space for classification tasks. To address this problem, a novel Fisher extreme learning machine autoencoder (FELM-AE) is proposed and is used as the component for the multilayer Fisher extreme leaning machine (ML-FELM). The FELM-AE introduces the Fisher criterion into the ELM-AE by adding the Fisher regularization term to the objective function, aiming to maximize the between-class distance and minimize the within-class distance of abstract feature. Different from the ELM-AE, the FELM-AE requires class labels to calculate the Fisher regularization loss, so that the learned abstract feature contains sufficient category information to complete classification tasks. The ML-FELM stacks the FELM-AE to extract feature and adopts the extreme leaning machine (ELM) to classify samples. Experiments on benchmark datasets show that the abstract feature extracted by the FELM-AE is more discriminative than the ELM-AE, and the classification results of the ML-FELM are more competitive and robust in comparison with the ELM, one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), ML-ELM, denoising multilayer extreme learning machine (D-ML-ELM), multilayer generalized extreme learning machine (ML-GELM), and hierarchical extreme learning machine with L21‑norm loss and regularization (H-LR21-ELM).
Revision of TD1 and TD2 stratigraphic sequence of Gran Dolina cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)
Authors: Campaña I. , Benito-Calvo A. , Pérez-González A. , Álvaro-Gallo A. , Miguens-Rodríguez L. , Iglesias-Cibanal J. , de Castro J. M. Bermúdez , Carbonell E.
Published: October 2022

Gran Dolina is a cavity infilled by at least 25 m of Pleistocene sediments divided into 12 lithostratigraphic units and 19 sedimentary facies. These sedimentary facies have been divided into allochthonous facies, defined as sediment inputs from the outside, and autochthonous facies, defined as sediments generated within the karst; but this division has been challenged in recent works. In this study, TD1 and TD2 units of Gran Dolina have been detailed studied and the use of autochthonous facies has been assessed. For that purpose, we have studied the stratigraphic excavation profile, combining field observation with laboratory sedimentary analysis (sieving, laser diffraction, and XRD) to characterize the texture and structure of the sediments. Based on these studies, a total of 8 sedimentary facies have been identified. Consequently, TD1 unit has been separated into two sub-units and 13 layers, while the TD2 unit has been divided into three sub-units. The facies associations indicate a succession of phreatic and vadose phases that would define together epiphreatic conditions inside the cave, related to the transition between Arlanzón valley terraces T3 and T4. Interior facies (and entrance facies for allochthonous facies) is proposed to define Gran Dolina's sediments since the facies analyses indicate transport by underground flows.
How does technological system design affect value creation? A systematic literature review of digital co-production
Authors: Mu Rui , Wang Yuting , Song Haoqi
Published: October 2022

The existing studies on co-production display two research gaps. First, most studies focus on non-digital/offline co-production and value creation; little attention has been paid to value creation of digital/online co-production cases. Second, traditional co-production studies examine political, organizational, administrative, and personal factors that influence co-production. However, few studies investigate how technological factors will affect co-production in terms of value creation. To bridge the gaps, this article conducts a systematic literature review of 52 articles. The review results distill seven technological factors and five value categories from digital co-production cases. It further examines how these technological factors affect the creation of various value categories. Based on the review results, this article proposes a future research agenda on digital co-production.
ERP Staff versus AI recruitment with employment real-time big data
Authors: Strang Kenneth David , Sun Zhaohao
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using natural language processing (NLP) artificial intelligence (AI) in enterprise resources planning (ERP) to identify specialized job candidates in real-time big data—globally across the internet. The central problem was that companies using traditional methods for recruiting remote specialists were missing good candidates because the skilled employees may not be looking for a job yet they may be receptive to an offer. The auxiliary problem was too much data on the internet for human resources management (HRM) staff to make sense of to find the best-fitting candidate. Thus, the research question was: could NLP AI identify good candidates for ERP remote specialist jobs using internet real-time big data? Job criteria were developed using machine learning to identify key skills from existing staff in a case study company. The skills were transformed into ERP remote specialists hiring criteria. The NLP AI software was activated to find the best candidate. The HRM staff at the case study company evaluated the effectiveness of the candidate selected by the NLP AI. The case study company set 70% as the acceptable mean evaluation score. ANOVA was used to determine if HRM staff agreed about their evaluation scores. A Z-test was used to determine if the NLP AI was faster than the mean time needed for HRM to select ERP candidates. The results were that the NLP AI outperformed the humans by a factor of almost 8 h. All HRM staff agreed that the NLP AI was effective in selecting a candidate to match the hiring criteria. The proposed approach might facilitate the research and development of big data, data analytics, NLP AI, and HRM process improvement.
Teacher, caregiver, and student acceptability of teachers delivering task-shifted mental health care to students in Darjeeling, India: a mixed methods pilot study
Authors: Cruz Christina M. , Dukpa Choden , Vanderburg Juliana L. , Rauniyar Abhishek K. , Giri Priscilla , Bhattarai Surekha , Thapa Arpana , Hampanda Karen , Gaynes Bradley N. , Lamb Molly M. , Matergia Michael
Published: October 2022

Background

The acceptability of teachers delivering task-shifted mental health care to their school-aged students is understudied. Here, we evaluate teachers’, students’, and caregivers’ acceptability of Tealeaf (Teachers Leading the Frontlines), an alternative system of care in which teachers are trained and supervised to deliver transdiagnostic, non-manualized task-shifted care to their students.

Methods

In a 2019 single-arm, mixed methods, pragmatic acceptability pilot study in Darjeeling, India, 13 teachers delivered task-shifted child mental health care to 26 students in need. Teachers delivered care through using a transdiagnostic, non-manualized therapy modality, “education as mental health therapy” (Ed-MH). Measured with validated scales, teachers’ and students’ acceptability were compared after teacher training (PRE) and at the end of intervention (POST) using paired t tests. Teachers (n = 7), students (n = 7), and caregivers (n = 7) completed semi-structured interviews POST.

Results

Teachers’ quantitative measures indicated moderate acceptability PRE and POST and did not change PRE to POST. Children’s measures showed acceptability PRE and POST but decreased PRE to POST. Teachers and caregivers universally expressed acceptability in interviews. Facilitators of acceptability included impact, trust of teachers, and teachers’ ability to make adaptations. Conditions required for acceptability included supervision and teachers emphasizing academics benefits over mental health benefits to caregivers. Barriers to acceptability included a lack of teacher time and stigma. Interviewed students universally were unaware of receiving care; teachers intentionally avoided singling them out.

Conclusion

Teachers, caregivers, and children found teacher delivering task-shifted care acceptable, a key factor in care adoption and sustainability, though interviewed children were unaware of receiving care.

Trial registration The trial was registered on January 01, 2018 with Clinical Trials Registry—India (CTRI), Reg. No. CTRI/2018/01/011471, Ref. No. REF/2017/11/015895. http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pdf_generate.php?trialid=21129&EncHid=&modid=&compid=%27,%2721129det%27
RecNet: A Resource-Constraint Aware Neural Network for Used Car Recommendation
Authors: Shi Haihua , Qian Jianjun , Zhu Nengjun , Zhang Tong , Cui Zhen , Wu Qianliang , Feng Shanshan
Published: October 2022

Resource constraints, e.g., limited product inventory or financial strength, may affect consumers’ choices or preferences in some recommendation tasks but are usually ignored in previous recommendation methods. In this paper, we aim to mine the cue of user preferences or intention in the case of resource-constraint recommendation tasks. For this purpose, we specifically build a largely used car transaction dataset possessing resource-constraint characteristics. Accordingly, we propose a resource-constraint-aware network to predict the user’s future interaction based on dynamic connections between users and items. To describe the user-item connection dynamically, mutually recursive recurrent neural networks (MRRNNs) are introduced to capture long-term interactive dependencies, and effective representations of users and items are obtained. To further consider the resource constraint, a resource-constraint branch is built to explore resource variation’s influence on user preferences. Finally, mutual information is introduced to measure the similarity between the future user action and fused historical behavior features to predict future interaction. The fused features come from both MRRNNs and resource-constraint branches. We test the performance on the built used car transaction dataset and the Tmall dataset, and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of our framework.
Islamic particularity and academic freedom: Public institutions and doctrinal difference in contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Matin Usep Abdul , Millie Julian
Published: October 2022

The Indonesian Muslim community includes segments dedicated to contrasting pious projects and doctrinal positions, yet the nation's Ministry of Religion (MORA) manages aspects of Islamic life while purporting to more or less transcend such contrasts. This tension recently emerged in Indonesian public life when a state Islamic university defended the autonomy of its research practices against a challenge by scholars from outside the university who claimed that the doctoral project of Jalaluddin Rakhmat (1949–2021) offended doctrinal positions of the Sunni majority and gave priority to Shiite historiography and doctrine. This dispute shows how questions concerning academic method become disputes about public interest, and further, its resolution attests to the emergence of free inquiry as an Islamic value in the environment of MORA's universities. Academics cited the example of earlier generations of scholars as supporting precedent for an Islamic principle of free inquiry.
Optimal design for network mutual aid
Authors: Li Jingchao , Fang Zichen , Nie Ciyu , Chen Sizhe
Published: October 2022

Network mutual aid platforms is one of the popular risk-sharing models in recent years, and they have almost 200 million members in China. However, current mutual aid platforms does not satisfy the actuarial rules in either the apportionment method or the pricing principle. Hence, a variety of mutual aid models which enable mutual aid members with different risks to exchange their risks in a transparent and actuarial fair way have been proposed in this paper. Besides, the decision-making frameworks for participants choosing between the mutual aid platform and similar insurance products, or choosing no risk sharing are constructed, respectively. Decisions are made based on the principle of maximizing expected utility. Moreover, the optimization problems of maximizing profit and minimizing risk are constructed, respectively. Through the principle of individual fairness and relative fairness, the problem of adverse selection of the platform can also be reduced. Finally, the actual mutual aid plan is compared with similar insurance products to discuss the advantages of the optimized plan.
Geographical distribution and space–time clustering of human illnesses with major Salmonella serotypes in Florida, USA, 2017–2018
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Singh Nitya , Havelaar Arie H. , Blackburn Jason K.
Published: October 2022

Nontyphoidal salmonellosis is the leading reported foodborne illness in Florida. Although the diversity of Salmonella serotypes circulating in Florida has been identified, the geographical characteristics of the major serotypes are poorly described. Here we examined the geospatial patterns of 803 whole-genome sequenced Salmonella isolates within seven major serotypes (Enteritidis, Newport, Javiana, Sandiego, Braenderup, Typhimurium and I 4,[5],12:i:-) with the metadata obtained from Florida Department of Health during 2017–2018. Geographically, the distribution of incidence rates varied distinctively between serotypes. Illnesses with Enteritidis and Newport serotypes were widespread in Florida. The incidence rate for Javiana was relatively higher in the north compared to the south. Typhimurium was concentrated in the northwest, while I 4,[5],12:i:-, the monophasic variant of Typhimurium was limited to the south. We also evaluated space–time clustering of isolates at the zip code level using scan statistic models. Space–time clusters were detected for each major serotype during 2017–2018. The multinomial scan statistic found the risk of illness with Javiana was higher in the north and southwest in the fall of 2017 compared to other major serotypes. This serotype-specific clustering analysis will assist in further unpacking the associations between distinct reservoirs and illnesses with major serotypes in Florida.