bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Markovian Complexity in the Quantum-to-Classical Transition
Authors: Xiong Heng-Na , Lo Ping-Yuan , Zhang Wei-Min , Feng Da Hsuan , Nori Franco
Published: August 2015

The quantum-to-classical transition is due to environment-induced decoherence and it depicts how classical dynamics emerges from quantum systems. Previously, the quantum-to-classical transition has mainly been described with memory-less (Markovian) quantum processes. Here we study the complexity of the quantum-to-classical transition through general non-Markovian memory processes. That is, the influence of various reservoirs results in a given initial quantum state evolving into one of the following four scenarios: thermal state, thermal-like state, quantum steady state, or oscillating quantum nonstationary state. In the latter two scenarios, the system maintains partial or full quantum coherence due to the strong non-Markovian memory effect, so that in these cases, the quantum-to-classical transition never occurs. This unexpected new feature provides a new avenue for the development of future quantum technologies because the remaining quantum oscillations in steady states are decoherence-free.
Cordycepin induced MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cell apoptosis by regulating p38 MAPKs and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways
Authors: Pan Bo-Syong , Wang Yang-Kao , Lai Meng-Shao , Mu Yi-Fen , Huang Bu-Miin
Published: August 2015

The p38 MAPKs play important roles in the regulation of balance between cell survival and cell death on the development of various cancers. However, the roles of p38 MAPKs regulating apoptotic effects on Leydig tumor cells remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine) selectively induced apoptosis in MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells through regulating the p38 MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Cordycepin reduced viability in MA-10, TM4 and NT2/D1 cells, but not cause cell death of primary mouse Leydig cells on moderate concentration. Cordycepin increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which is associated with the induction of apoptosis as characterized by positive Annexin V binding, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP. Inhibition of p38 MAPKs activity by SB203580 significantly prevented cordycepin-induced apoptosis in MA-10 cells. Co-treatment with wortmannin or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) elevated levels of apoptosis in cordycepin-treated MA-10 cells. Moreover, cordycepin activated p53, p21 and TGFß; and downregulated CDK2. The antitumour activity of cordycepin-treated MA-10 cells was significantly distinct in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) micein vivo. These results suggested that cordycein is a highly selective treatment to induce MA-10 cells apoptosis via p38 MAPKs signaling.
Selective enrichment of mycobacterial proteins from infected host macrophages
Authors: Chande Ajit G. , Siddiqui Zaved , Midha Mukul Kumar , Sirohi Varsha , Ravichandran Srikanth , Rao Kanury V. S.
Published: August 2015

Upon infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) deploys specialized secretion machinery to deliver virulent proteins with the capacity to modulate a variety of host-cellular pathways. Studies on the identification of intra-macrophage Mtb proteins, however, are constricted by an inability to selectively enrich these virulent effectors against overwhelming protein content of the host. Here, we introduce an Mtb-selective protein labeling method based on genetic incorporation of azidonorleucine (Anl) through the expression of a mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase. Exclusive incorporation of Anl, into native Mtb proteins, provided a click handle to pull out low abundant secretory proteins from the lysates of infected cells. Further, temporal secretome profiling, upon infection with strains of varying degree of virulence, revealed the proficiency of virulent Mtb to secrete chaperones. This ability contributed at least partially to the mycobacterial virulence-specific suppression of ER stress in the host macrophage, representing an important facet of mycobacterial virulence. The Anl labeling approach should facilitate new exciting opportunities for imaging and proteomic investigations of differently virulent Mtb isolates to understand determinants of pathogenicity.
Mass Spectrometry-based PhyloProteomics (MSPP): A novel microbial typing Method
Authors: Zautner Andreas Erich , Masanta Wycliffe Omurwa , Weig Michael , Groß Uwe , Bader Oliver
Published: August 2015

MALDI-TOF-MS of microorganisms, which identifies microbes based on masses of high abundant low molecular weight proteins, is rapidly advancing to become another standard method in clinical routine laboratory diagnostics. Allelic isoforms of these proteins result in varying masses of detectable biomarker ions. These variations give rise to a novel typing method for microorganisms named mass spectrometry-based phyloproteomics (MSPP). The base of MSPP is an amino acid sequence list of allelic isoforms caused by non-synonymous mutations in biomarker genes, which were detectable as mass shifts in an overlay of calibrated MALDI-TOF spectra. Thus, for each isolate a combination of amino acid sequences can be deduced from the scheme of recordable biomarker masses. Performing comparably to laborious multilocus and whole genome sequence typing (wgMLST)-approaches it is feasible to build phyloproteomic dendrograms using hierarchical cluster analysis. MSPP bears a high potential especially for identification of chromosomal localised virulence or antimicrobial resistance factors associated with evolutionary relatedness. In this study the principle of MSPP-typing was demonstrated on a Campylobacter jejuni ssp. jejuni isolate collection and MSPP was compared to MLST.
Bi-crystallographic lattice structure directs grain boundary motion under shear stress
Authors: Wan Liang , Han Weizhong , Chen Kai
Published: August 2015

Shear stress driven grain boundary (GB) migration was found to be a ubiquitous phenomenon in small grained polycrystalline materials. Here we show that the GB displacement shift complete (DSC) dislocation mechanism for GB shear coupled migration is still functioning even if the geometry orientation of the GBs deviates a few degrees from the appropriate coincidence site lattice (CSL) GBs. It means that any large angle GB can have a considerable chance to be such a “CSL-related GB” for which the shear coupled GB migration motion can happen by the GB DSC dislocation mechanism. We conclude that the CSL-DSC bi-crystallographic lattice structure in GB is the main reason that GB can migrate under shear stress.
Efficacy of progesterone for moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Lin Chao , He Hongquan , Li Zheng , Liu Yinglong , Chao Honglu , Ji Jing , Liu Ning
Published: August 2015

Progesterone has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in multiple animal models of brain injury, whereas the efficacy and safety in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains contentious. Here, a total of seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 2492 participants were included to perform this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, there was no significant decrease to be found in the rate of death or vegetative state for patients with acute TBI (RR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.70, 1.09, p = 0.24). Furthermore, progesterone was not associated with good recovery in comparison with placebo (RR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.88, 1.14, p = 0.95). Together, our study suggested that progesterone did not improve outcomes over placebo in the treatment of acute TBI.
CADBURE: A generic tool to evaluate the performance of spliced aligners on RNA-Seq data
Authors: Kumar Praveen Kumar Raj , Hoang Thanh V. , Robinson Michael L. , Tsonis Panagiotis A. , Liang Chun
Published: August 2015

The fundamental task in RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis is alignment of millions of short reads to the reference genome or transcriptome. Choosing the right tool for the dataset in hand from many existent RNA-Seq alignment packages remains a critical challenge for downstream analysis. To facilitate this choice, we designed a novel tool for comparing alignment results of user data based on the relative reliability of uniquely aligned reads (CADBURE). CADBURE can easily evaluate different aligners, or different parameter sets using the same aligner and selects the best alignment result for any RNA-Seq dataset. Strengths of CADBURE include the ability to compare alignment results without the need for synthetic data such as simulated genomes, alignment regeneration and randomly subsampled datasets. The benefit of a CADBURE selected alignment result was supported by differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis. We demonstrated that the use of CADBURE to select the best alignment from a number of different alignment results could change the number of DEGs by as much as 10%. In particular, the CADBURE selected alignment result favors fewer false positives in the DEG analysis. We also verified differential expression of eighteen genes with RT-qPCR validation experiments. CADBURE is an open source tool (http://cadbure.sourceforge.net/).
Tailoring phase slip events through magnetic doping in superconductor-ferromagnet composite films
Authors: Bawa Ambika , Jha Rajveer , Sahoo Sangeeta
Published: August 2015

The interplay between superconductivity (SC) and ferromagnetism (FM) when embedded together has attracted unprecedented research interest due to very rare coexistence of these two phenomena. The focus has been mainly put into the proximity induced effects like, coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity, higher critical current, triplet superconductivity etc. However, very little attention has been paid experimentally to the role of magnetic constituent on triggering phase slip processes in the composite films (CFs). We demonstrate that less than 1 at.% of magnetic contribution in the CFs can initiate phase slip events efficiently. Due to advanced state-of-the-art fabrication techniques, phase slip based studies have been concentrated mainly on superconducting nanostructures. Here, we employ wide mesoscopic NbGd based CFs to study the phase slip processes. Low temperature current-voltage characteristics (IVCs) of CFs show stair-like features originated through phase slip events and are absent in pure SC films. Depending on the bias current and temperature, distinct regions, dominated by Abrikosov type vortex-antivortex (v-av) pairs and phase slip events, are observed. The results presented here open a new way to study the phase slip mechanism, its interaction with v-av pairs in two dimensions and hence can be useful for future photonic and metrological applications.
Differential responses of gut microbiota to the same prebiotic formula in oligotrophic and eutrophic batch fermentation systems
Authors: Long Wenmin , Xue Zhengsheng , Zhang Qianpeng , Feng Zhou , Bridgewater Laura , Wang Linghua , Zhao Liping , Pang Xiaoyan
Published: August 2015

The same prebiotics have produced inconsistent effects on microbiota when evaluated in different batch fermentation studies. To understand the reasons behind these discrepancies, we compared impact of one prebiotic formula on the same inoculated fecal microbiota in two frequently used batch systems: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, oligotrophic) and basal culture medium (BCM, eutrophic). The microbiota was monitored using 454 pyrosequencing. Negative controls (no prebiotic) of both systems showed significant shifts in the microbiota during fermentation, although their pH remained relatively stable, especially in BCM, with increases in Bilophila and Escherichia/Shigella but a decrease in Faecalibacterium. We identified prebiotic responders via redundancy analysis by including both baseline and negative controls. The key positive and negative responders in the two systems were very different, with only 8 consistently modulated OTUs (7 of the 28 positive responders and 1 of the 35 negative responders). Moreover, some OTUs within the same genus responded to the prebiotic in opposite ways. Therefore, to obtain a complete in vitro evaluation of the modulatory effects of a prebiotic on microbiota, it is necessary to use both oligotrophic and eutrophic systems, compare treatment groups with both baseline and negative controls and analyze the microbiota changes down to the OTU level.
Neural networks underlying implicit and explicit moral evaluations in psychopathy
Authors: Yoder K J , Harenski C , Kiehl K A , Decety J
Published: August 2015

Psychopathy, characterized by symptoms of emotional detachment, reduced guilt and empathy and a callous disregard for the rights and welfare of others, is a strong risk factor for immoral behavior. Psychopathy is also marked by abnormal attention with downstream consequences on emotional processing. To examine the influence of task demands on moral evaluation in psychopathy, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure neural response and functional connectivity in 88 incarcerated male subjects (28 with Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) scores ⩾30) while they viewed dynamic visual stimuli depicting interpersonal harm and interpersonal assistance in two contexts, implicit and explicit. During the implicit task, high psychopathy was associated with reduced activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and caudate when viewing harmful compared with helpful social interactions. Functional connectivity seeded in the right amygdala and right temporoparietal junction revealed decreased coupling with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula, striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. In the explicit task, higher trait psychopathy predicted reduced signal change in ACC and amygdala, accompanied by decreased functional connectivity to temporal pole, insula and striatum, but increased connectivity with dorsal ACC. Psychopathy did not influence behavioral performance in either task, despite differences in neural activity and functional connectivity. These findings provide the first direct evidence that hemodynamic activity and neural coupling within the salience network are disrupted in psychopathy, and that the effects of psychopathy on moral evaluation are influenced by attentional demands.
Flow cytometry using Brillouin imaging and sensing via time-resolved optical (BISTRO) measurements
Authors: Meng Zhaokai , Petrov Georgi I. , Yakovlev Vladislav V.
Published: August 2015

A novel concept of Brillouin imaging and sensing via time-resolved optical (BISTRO) measurements is introduced for flow cytometry applications.
A sensitive hydrogen peroxide sensor based on a three-dimensional N-doped carbon nanotube-hemin modified electrode
Authors: Zhang Man , Huang Zhenzhong , Zhou Gangyong , Zhu Li , Feng Yan , Lin Ting , Hou Haoqing , Guo Qiaohui
Published: August 2015

Uniform N-doped CNTs are bonded onto electrospun carbon nanofibers, resulting in a flexible 3D composite with applications in H2O2 biosensing.
A novel method using 18O and metal isobaric labeling combined with multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry for the absolute quantification of a target proteome
Authors: Yan Hui , Hao Feiran , Li Nannan , Li Jiabin , Peng Bo , Zai Rui , Zhang Yangjun , Qian Xiaohong
Published: August 2015

A novel method using 18O/metal isobaric labeling combined with multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry for absolute quantification of target proteomes was established.
Rapid label-free detection of E. coli using antimicrobial peptide assisted impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Jiang Keren , Etayash Hashem , Azmi Sarfuddin , Naicker Selvaraj , Hassanpourfard Mahtab , Shaibani Parmiss Mojir , Thakur Garima , Kaur Kamaljit , Thundat Thomas
Published: August 2015

A compact, label-free sensor array for rapid detection ofEscherichia coli(E. coli) using antimicrobial peptide assisted impedimetric sensor platform.
Liquid chromatographic fingerprints and profiles of polyphenolic compounds applied to the chemometric characterization and classification of beers
Authors: Pérez-Ràfols Clara , Saurina Javier
Published: August 2015

In this paper, liquid chromatography with UV-vis detection was used to generate compositional fingerprints of beers to be exploited for characterization and classification purposes.
A π-electron deficient diaminotriazine functionalized MOF for selective sorption of benzene over cyclohexane
Authors: Manna Biplab , Mukherjee Soumya , Desai Aamod V. , Sharma Shivani , Krishna Rajamani , Ghosh Sujit K.
Published: August 2015

Diaminotriazine functionalized DAT-MOF-1 exhibits efficient benzene sorption selectivity over its aliphatic analogue cyclohexane.
Methanol electro-oxidation on platinum modified tungsten carbides in direct methanol fuel cells: a DFT study
Authors: Sheng Tian , Lin Xiao , Chen Zhao-Yang , Hu P. , Sun Shi-Gang , Chu You-Qun , Ma Chun-An , Lin Wen-Feng
Published: August 2015

Bilayer Pt-modified WC catalysts exhibit up to 2.4 times higher MOR reactivity compared to that of pure Pt.
An in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy study of aluminas under aqueous phase reforming conditions
Authors: Koichumanova K. , Sai Sankar Gupta K. B. , Lefferts L. , Mojet B. L. , Seshan K.
Published: August 2015

The transformation of γ-Al2O3 into boehmite (AlO(OH)) under hydrothermal conditions was investigated by in situ Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy.
Replica exchange reactive molecular dynamics simulations of initial reactions in zeolite synthesis
Authors: Jing Zhifeng , Xin Liang , Sun Huai
Published: August 2015

Silicate oligomerization reactions at realistic temperature were probed by direct simulations using the replica exchange method.
Effect of electron-donating substituent groups on aromatic ring on photoluminescence properties of complexes of benzoic acid-functionalized polysulfone with Eu(iii) ions
Authors: Gao Baojiao , Chen Lulu , Chen Tao
Published: August 2015

By molecular design and via polymer reactions, methoxybenzoic acid (MOBA) and hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) were bonded onto the side chains of polysulfone (PSF) for preparing two benzoic acid-functionalized PSFs, PSF-MOBA and PSF-HBA, respectively.
Direct dynamic nuclear polarization targeting catalytically active27Al sites
Authors: Lund Alicia , Hsieh Ming-Feng , Siaw Ting-Ann , Han Song-I.
Published: August 2015

This is the first study demonstrating the viability of targeted27Al DNP characterization by varying the functional side groups of mono-radical spin probes.
Base-free oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid using supported gold catalysts
Authors: Cao Yueling , Liu Xi , Iqbal Sarwat , Miedziak Peter J. , Edwards Jennifer K. , Armstrong Robert D. , Morgan David J. , Wang Junwei , Hutchings Graham J.
Published: August 2015

1% Au/TiO2 catalysts prepared by a variety of methods were studied for the base-free oxidation of glucose.
Bridged bis-BODIPYs: their synthesis, structures and properties
Authors: Kesavan Praseetha E. , Das Sudipta , Lone Mohsin Y. , Jha Prakash C. , Mori Shigeki , Gupta Iti
Published: August 2015

The synthesis and studies of bridged bis-BODIPYs having spacers such as thiophene, furan, N-butylcarbazole, phenylene and triphenylamine are reported.
Synthesis of colloidal InSb nanocrystals via in situ activation of InCl3
Authors: Tamang Sudarsan , Kim Kyungnam , Choi Hyekyoung , Kim Youngsik , Jeong Sohee
Published: August 2015

Indium antimonide (InSb), a narrow band gap III–V semiconductor is a promising infrared-active material for various optoelectronic applications.
Comparison of NiS2 and α-NiS hollow spheres for supercapacitors, non-enzymatic glucose sensors and water treatment
Authors: Wei Chengzhen , Cheng Cheng , Cheng Yanyan , Wang Yan , Xu Yazhou , Du Weimin , Pang Huan
Published: August 2015

NiS2 and α-NiS hollow spheres are prepared via a template-free method. When NiS2 and α-NiS hollow spheres were evaluated for supercapacitors, glucose sensors and water treatment, it was found that the hollow α-NiS spheres exhibited better performance than the NiS2.
Coordinating modeling and experimental research of engineered nanomaterials to improve life cycle assessment studies
Authors: Gilbertson Leanne M. , Wender Ben A. , Zimmerman Julie B. , Eckelman Matthew J.
Published: August 2015

There is an opportunity to facilitate responsible nanotechnology research and development through improved collaboration between life cycle modeling and experimental efforts.
Impact of Pahokee Peat humic acid and buffer identity on goethite aggregation and reactivity
Authors: Vindedahl Amanda M. , Arnold William A. , Lee Penn R.
Published: August 2015

High concentrations of Pahokee Peat humic acid block reactive sites resulting in well-dispersed and less reactive goethite nanoparticles.
Insights into bread melanoidins: fate in the upper digestive tract and impact on the gut microbiota using in vitro systems
Authors: Helou Cynthia , Denis Sylvain , Spatz Madeleine , Marier David , Rame Véronique , Alric Monique , Tessier Frédéric J. , Gadonna-Widehem Pascale
Published: August 2015

Bread melanoidins are partially degraded in the small intestine and induce a dramatic decrease of enterobacteria during batch fermentation.
Sustainable allylation of organosolv lignin with diallyl carbonate and detailed structural characterization of modified lignin
Authors: Over Lena C. , Meier Michael A. R.
Published: August 2015

The allylation of European beech wood organosolv lignin (OL) with diallyl carbonate (DAC) in the presence of base catalysts is shown to be an efficient, non-toxic, and sustainable modification technique.
Comparison of the measurement of Pu and Am isotopes by AMS using fluoride and oxide anion beams
Authors: Kazi Zakir H. , Cornett R. Jack , Zhao Xiaolei , Kieser William E.
Published: August 2015

The co-precipitation of actinides using NdF3 provides a robust and sensitive alternative method of preparing and analyzing actinide samples by accelerator mass spectrometry.
A metal carbonyl–protein needle composite designed for intracellular CO delivery to modulate NF-κB activity
Authors: Inaba Hiroshi , Sanghamitra Nusrat J. M. , Fujita Kenta , Sho Takeya , Kuchimaru Takahiro , Kitagawa Susumu , Kizaka-Kondoh Shinae , Ueno Takafumi
Published: August 2015

An efficient intracellular carbon monoxide delivery system using a cell-penetrating protein needle was developed for modulation of NF-κB activity.
Dissecting Xuesaitong's mechanisms on preventing stroke based on the microarray and connectivity map
Authors: Wang Linli , Yu Yunru , Yang Jihong , Zhao Xiaoping , Li Zheng
Published: August 2015

Dissecting the mode of action of Xuesaitong injection on preventing cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury based on the combination of gene expression data analysis and the connectivity map.
N-Unsubstituted-1,2,3-triazole-tethered, AIEE type conjugated polymer as a ratiometric fluorescence probe for silver ions
Authors: Shi Wei , Sun Xinhua , Zhao Shiyu , Xie Zhengfeng
Published: August 2015

Selective fluorescence ratiometric detection of Ag+ was achieved by a N-unsubstituted-1,2,3-triazole decorated, aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) type conjugated polymer.
The molecular recognition controlled stereomutation cycle in a dynamic helical assembly
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Reddy Madugula Drona , Mishra Ananya , George Subi J.
Published: August 2015

Perylene bisimide functionalized with a phosphate recognition unit displays competitive binding induced unprecedented control over the helix mutation cycle in a dynamic supramolecular assembly.
Directing-group-assisted copper-catalyzed oxidative esterification of phenols with aldehydes
Authors: Zheng Yong , Song Wei-Bin , Xuan Li-Jiang
Published: August 2015

A directing-group-assisted copper-catalyzed oxidative esterification of phenols with aldehydes using TBHP as an oxidant was described.
Metal complexes of pyridine-fused macrocyclic polyamines targeting the chemokine receptor CXCR4
Authors: Hamal Sunil , D'huys Thomas , Rowley William F. , Vermeire Kurt , Aquaro Stefano , Frost Brian J. , Schols Dominique , Bell Thomas W.
Published: August 2015

Newly synthesized pyridopentaazacyclopentadecanes and their transition metal complexes are shown to interact with the human chemokine receptor CXCR4, a key target for developing new therapeutic agents.
Copper-catalyzed N-methylation/ethylation of sulfoximines
Authors: Teng Fan , Cheng Jiang , Yu Jin-Tao
Published: August 2015

A protocol for the copper-catalyzed N-methylation/ethylation of sulfoximines using peroxide as a methyl/ethyl source was developed.
Design of enzyme-immobilized polymer brush-grafted magnetic nanoparticles for efficient nematicidal activity
Authors: Butt A. , Farrukh A. , Ghaffar A. , Duran H. , Oluz Z. , ur Rehman H. , Hussain T. , Ahmad R. , Tahir A. , Yameen B.
Published: August 2015

Parasitic nematodes adversely affect agricultural industry and global health. An efficient and reusable nematicidal platform is developed by immobilization enzyme on the surface of magnetic NPs.
Development of a vegetable oil based plasticizer for preparing flame retardant poly(vinyl chloride) materials
Authors: Jia Puyou , Zhang Meng , Hu Lihong , Liu Chengguo , Feng Guodong , Yang Xiaohui , Bo Caiying , Zhou Yonghong
Published: August 2015

A novel method was developed to prepare a castor oil based flame retardant plasticizer containing phosphaphenanthrene groups (PCOPE) for the preparation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC).
Photophysical and photochemical properties of a family of isoelectronic tris chelated ruthenium(ii) aza-/azo-aromatic complexes
Authors: Das Samir , Pradhan Basudev
Published: August 2015

We have investigated the electrochemical, spectroscopic and electroluminescent properties of a family of aza-aromatic complexes of ruthenium of type [RuII(bpy/phen)2(L)]2+ (4d6) with three isomeric L ligands.
Ethylenediamine-functionalized magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles: cooperative trifunctional catalysis for selective synthesis of nitroalkenes
Authors: Xue Fengjun , Dong Yahao , Hu Peibo , Deng Yanan , Wei Yuping
Published: August 2015

The designed nanocatalyst Fe3O4@SiO2–NH2 was highly active for selective synthesis of nitroalkenes through cooperative trifunctional catalysis of primary amine, secondary amine and Si–OH groups.
Preparing high surface area porous carbon from biomass by carbonization in a molten salt medium
Authors: Shang Huishan , Lu Yanjie , Zhao Feng , Chao Cong , Zhang Bing , Zhang Hongsong
Published: August 2015

Peanut shells were transformed into porous carbon with a high surface area through a simple ZnCl2-molten salt synthesis process.
Facilely synthesized polydopamine encapsulated surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes for multiplex tumor associated cell surface antigen detection using SERS imaging
Authors: Sun Changlong , Zhang Ling , Zhang Ren , Gao Mingxia , Zhang Xiangmin
Published: August 2015

A novel SERS probes fabrication were studies and used for multiplex tumor associated cell surface antigens detection using SERS imaging.
Silver-mediated thio-acetoxylation and TFA triggered cyclization of amino disulfides with unactivated alkenes: synthesis of 3-aryl/alkyl-1,4-benzothiazines
Authors: Prasad Ch. Durga , Verma Ajay , Sattar Moh. , Kumar Sangit
Published: August 2015

A protocol for the synthesis of 3-aryl/alkyl-1,4-benzothiazines has been developed, which involves silver-mediated 1,2-thioacetoxylation of an alkene followed by cyclization using TFA.
pH dependent one-/two-photon fluorescence emission properties and mechanism of the dendrimer PAMAM triphenylamine imine
Authors: Ji Yan , Qian Ying
Published: August 2015

pH dependent fluorescence emission of PTS-G0 and ETS were compared, to better understand intrinsic fluorescence phenomena of PAMAM dendrimers.
In,V-codoped TiO2 nanocomposite prepared via a photochemical reduction technique as a novel high efficiency visible-light-driven nanophotocatalyst
Authors: Jabbari V. , Hamadanian M. , Reisi-Vanani A. , Razi P. , Hoseinifard S. , Villagrán D.
Published: August 2015

Assessing the decomposition of methyl orange as a model organic pollutant by a newly developed highly efficient nano-photocatalyst of In,V-codoped TiO2.
Effect of different calcium salts and methods for triggering gelation on the characteristics of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1
Authors: Tian Wenjing , Song Jiaojiao , Wang Yali , Yue Linfang , Wang Junguo , Dan Tong , Menghe Bilige , Zhang Heping
Published: August 2015

Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum isolate LIP-1 was microencapsulated in milk protein matrices by means of rennet-induced gelation combined with an emulsification technique.
Effect of ZrO2 in Ni2P/ZrO2–Al2O3 catalysts on hydrotreating reactions
Authors: Wang Junen , Yuan Yamei , Shuaib Abdalla , Xu Jun , Shen Jianyi
Published: August 2015

The presence of ZrO2 promoted the adsorption of H2 on Ni2P, which might account for the higher activity of Ni2P/ZrO2–Al2O3 than Ni2P/Al2O3 for the hydrotreating reactions.
Rationally designed hierarchical ZnCo2O4/polypyrrole nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Chen Tingting , Fan Yong , Wang Guangning , Yang Qing , Yang Ruixiao
Published: August 2015

The synthesis procedure of ZnCo2O4/PPy composite electrodes and the electrochemical properties of the composite electrodes.
Adsorption behaviors of novel betaines on the wettability of the quartz surface
Authors: Hu Song-Shuang , Zhou Zhao-Hui , Zhang Lei , Xu Zhi-Cheng , Gong Qing-Tao , Jin Zhi-Qiang , Zhang Lu , Zhao Sui
Published: August 2015

A continued increase takes place in the adsorption of carboxylbetaine surfactants at the quartz–liquid interface above CMC.
A gamma fluorinated ether as an additive for enhanced oxygen activity in Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Wijaya Olivia , Hartmann Pascal , Younesi Reza , Markovits Iulius I. E. , Rinaldi Ali , Janek Jürgen , Yazami Rachid
Published: August 2015

A fluorinated additive with good stability toward O2− for enhanced O2 solubility that increases discharge capacity at high discharge rates.
Manipulating the interfacial interactions of composite membranes via a mussel-inspired approach for enhanced separation selectivity
Authors: Zhao Jing , Fang Chenhao , Zhu Yiwei , He Guangwei , Pan Fusheng , Jiang Zhongyi , Zhang Peng , Cao Xingzhong , Wang Baoyi
Published: August 2015

The water/ethanol separation selectivity of composite membranes is remarkably elevated by manipulating interfacial interactions via a mussel-inspired approach.
Self-supported NiMo hollow nanorod array: an efficient 3D bifunctional catalytic electrode for overall water splitting
Authors: Tian Jingqi , Cheng Ningyan , Liu Qian , Sun Xuping , He Yuquan , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: August 2015

A NiMo hollow nanorod array is developed on Ti mesh via a template-assisted electrodeposition method as a bifunctional electrode for water splitting.
Advances and prospects of fiber supercapacitors
Authors: Senthilkumar S. T. , Wang Yu , Huang Haitao
Published: August 2015

Being light weight, flexible, weavable and foldable, fiber supercapacitors play an important role in wearable energy storage devices.
Strongly oxidizing perylene-3,4-dicarboximides for use in water oxidation photoelectrochemical cells
Authors: Lindquist Rebecca J. , Phelan Brian T. , Reynal Anna , Margulies Eric A. , Shoer Leah E. , Durrant James R. , Wasielewski Michael R.
Published: August 2015

Perylene-3,4-dicarboximide (PMI) based chromophores are explored for use in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) for solar fuels generation.
Physical vapor deposition of amorphous MoS2 nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth for highly reproducible large-area electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Xing , Zhang Yun , Yu Bin-Bin , Yin Xing-Liang , Jiang Wen-Jie , Jiang Yan , Hu Jin-Song , Wan Li-Jun
Published: August 2015

Amorphous MoS2 nanosheet arrays on carbon cloth were directly prepared via a highly reproducible PVD, which exhibited superior catalytic activity and durability for the HER.
Self-targeted, bacillus-shaped, and controlled-release methotrexate prodrug polymeric nanoparticles for intratumoral administration with improved therapeutic efficacy in tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Lin Jinyan , Li Yanxiu , Li Yang , Cui Fei , Yu Fei , Wu Hongjie , Xie Liya , Luo Fanghong , Hou Zhenqing , Lin Changjian
Published: August 2015

Self-targeted, bacillus-shaped, and controlled-release methotrexate prodrug polymeric nanoparticles for highly efficient cancer chemotherapy: more elongated is better.
Copolymerization of an indazole ligand into the self-polymerization of dopamine for enhanced binding with metal ions
Authors: Fan Ka Wai , Roberts Justine J. , Martens Penny J. , Stenzel Martina H. , Granville Anthony M.
Published: August 2015

Synthesis and mussel-inspired polymerization of a new catechol monomer. The generated copolymer exhibits enhanced metal binding, due to the ligand nature of the new monomer, compared to polydopamine homopolymer.
Facile synthesis of dental enamel-like hydroxyapatite nanorod arrays via hydrothermal transformation of hillebrandite nanobelts
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Sun Yao , Lin Kaili
Published: August 2015

Biomimetic dental enamel-like hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorod arrays were facilely synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of the hillebrandite nanobelts as hard-templates in trisodium phosphate aqueous solution.
Magnetic nanoparticle/polymer composites for medical implant infection control
Authors: Coffel Joel , Nuxoll Eric
Published: August 2015

Material properties of magnetic nanoparticle composites, such as polymer matrix and orientation to the magnetic field, will impact their heating.
Laser irradiation-induced modification of the amorphous phase in GeTe films: the role of intermediate Ge–Te bonding in the crystallization mechanism
Authors: Park Seung Jong , Park Hanjin , Jang Moon Hyung , Ahn Min , Yang Won Jun , Han Jeong Hwa , Jeong Hong-Sik , Kim Cheol-Woon , Kwon Young-Kyun , Cho Mann-Ho
Published: August 2015

Modified amorphous GeTe was analyzed in terms of variations in the local bonding structure. Inducstion of intermediated Ge–Te bonding in modified structure critically affects the phase change process.
Graphoepitaxial effect in the guided growth of SWNT arrays on quartz
Authors: Li Pan , Zhang Xiao , Li Jinghua , Liu Jie
Published: August 2015

We demonstrated that water vapor introduced during the catalyst annealing process can change the alignment mode of the SWNTs on the quartz surface by modifying the surface status of both the catalyst and the substrate. Zigzag shaped nanotube arrays can be obtained by enabling both epitaxial and graphoepitaxial alignment modes simultaneously.
Ba4AgGa5Pn8(Pn = P, As): new pnictide-based compounds with nonlinear optical potential
Authors: Pan Ming-yan , Ma Zu-ju , Liu Xiao-cun , Xia Sheng-qing , Tao Xu-tang , Wu Ke-chen
Published: August 2015

Two new quaternary pnictide-based compounds with the noncentrosymmetric space groupIba2 (No. 45), Ba4AgGa5P8and Ba4AgGa5As8, were synthesized and characterized.
miR-195 plays a role in steroid resistance of ulcerative colitis by targeting Smad7
Authors: Chen Guodong , Cao Shan , Liu Feng , Liu Yulan
Published: August 2015

An imbalance in pro- and anti-inflammation is an important mechanism of steroid resistance in UC (ulcerative colitis), and miRNAs may participate in this process. The present study aimed to explore whether miRNAs play a role in the steroid resistance of UC by regulating gene expression of the inflammation signal pathway. SS (steroid-sensitive) patients, SR (steroid-resistant) patients and healthy individuals were recruited. In vivo miRNA profiles of serum samples showed that miR-195 was decreased significantly in the SR group compared with the SS group (P<0.05). This result was confirmed by qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR) and miRNA ISH (in situ hybridization) in serum and colon tissue samples. Online software was used to identify Smad7 mRNA as a potential target of miR-195. The direct interaction of miR-195 and Smad7 mRNA was investigated using a biotinylated miR-195 pull-down assay. Overexpression of a miR-195 precursor lowered cellular levels of Smad7 protein; conversely, antagonism of miR-195 enhanced Smad7 translation without disturbing Smad7 mRNA levels. A luciferase reporter assay revealed a repressive effect of miR-195 via a single Smad7 3′-UTR target site, and point mutation of this site prevented miR-195-induced repression of Smad7 translation. Furthermore, increased levels of miR-195 led to a decrease in c-Jun and p65 expression. In contrast, transfection with anti-miR-195 led to increased levels of c-Jun and p65 protein. The decrease in miR-195 led to an increase in Smad7 expression and corresponding up-regulation of p65 and the AP-1 (activator protein 1) pathway, which might explain the mechanism of steroid resistance in UC patients.
Performance evaluation of maximal ratio combining in Shadowed‐Rician fading land mobile satellite channels with estimated channel gains
Authors: M.K. Arti
Published: August 2015

The maximal ratio combining (MRC) scheme for Shadowed‐Rician (SR) fading land mobile satellite (LMS) channels with estimated channel gains is studied, in this paper. It is assumed that satellite contains a single antenna and earth station (ES) has multiple antennas. For this set‐up, a maximum‐likelihood decoder is derived under assumption that perfect channel state information (CSI) is known; then the perfect CSI is replaced with estimated CSI in decision metric at ES. The MRC scheme for SR fading LMS channels has been studied in existing literature mostly with perfect CSI assumption. We derive approximate closed‐form expressions of the probability density function, cumulative distribution, moment generating function (MGF), and analytical diversity order for the MRC based receiver in independent and identically distributed SR fading LMS channels with estimated channel gains. The author also provides approximate closed‐form expressions of the outage probability and capacity of the considered scheme with estimated channel gains. Next, the author considers correlated SR fading LMS links and derive approximate bit error rate of the satellite system with estimated channel gains. It is shown from analysis and simulation that channel estimation error and correlation do not affect the diversity order but reduce the capacity of the considered system.
On‐line fault monitoring system for hydroelectric generators based on spectrum analysis of the neutral current
Authors: Ramírez‐Niño José , Pascacio Alberth , Mijarez Rito , Rodríguez– Rodríguez Joaquín
Published: August 2015

An on‐line fault monitoring diagnostic system for hydroelectric generators based on spectrum analysis of neutral current is presented. Hydroelectric generators are fundamental elements in the power train at hydroelectric power plants and require an adequate diagnostic analysis. Unexpected generator failures can lead to a significant financial effect owing to the elevated costs of emergency repairs and lost revenues caused by forced outage extended periods. Determining the actual operating conditions of a generator is a crucial phase in assessing the risk of failures. The on‐line instrumentation fault monitoring diagnostic system uses a simplified electrical model of fault simulation in order to help interpret the harmonic sources in the neutral current. Field measurement results proved that the spectrum analysis model for detecting mechanical faults is effective.
Stabilisation of unknown fractional‐order chaotic systems: an adaptive switching control strategy with application to power systems
Authors: Aghababa Mohammad Pourmahmood , Haghighi Ahmad Reza , Roohi Majid
Published: August 2015

In this study, a switching adaptive controller is introduced to stabilise fractional‐order dynamical systems with completely unknown dynamics and structure. The boundedness property of the chaotic systems is used to design a switching adaptive control scheme which suppresses the chaotic behaviour of the fractional‐order systems. The analytical terms of this approach are proved based on the stability analysis theorem of the fractional‐order systems and the adaptive control method. Robust stability and simplicity in design are some interesting capabilities of the designed scheme. The proposed method is a general one in which it can overcome the system's unknown parameters and uncertainties. In addition, the proposed adaptive approach is applied for control of a class of three‐dimensional fractional‐order systems via a single control input. Some illustrative examples, including an application to stabilisation of a chaotic model of a power system, are given to show the efficacy of the proposed adaptive approaches.
Coordinating generation and load pickup during load restoration with discrete load increments and reserve constraints
Authors: Qin Zhijun , Hou Yunhe , Liu Chen‐Ching , Liu Shanshan , Sun Wei
Published: August 2015

After a major outage happens, the independent system operator, transmission owners (TOs), generation owners (GOs), and distribution owners (DOs) should coordinate control actions to restore the power system timely and reliably. This study proposes a methodology to establish load restoration plans for the coordination among these participants. This methodology models the load restoration as a multi‐stage decision‐making process. At each stage, a mixed‐integer nonlinear load restoration model (MINLR) is formulated to maximise load pickup subject to AC power flow and reserve constraints. Comprehensive load characteristics are considered in this model. The solution of the MINLR model provides power set points for GOs/TOs and load pickup amount for DOs. A complete load restoration plan is obtained by solving a series of MINLR models. To solve MINLR models efficiently, a branch‐and‐cut solver is constructed by identifying efficient cutting planes and a reliable problem‐specific branching method. The applicability of cutting planes is proven. This methodology is tested using a 24‐bus system with 170 interrupted load increments, and a 118‐bus system with 637 interrupted load increments. The simulation results show that the proposed methodology can be efficiently applied to aid restoration participants pickup load increments within the TO's islands, while maintaining adequate reserve margins.
Proposition of an interharmonic‐based methodology for high‐impedance fault detection in distribution systems
Authors: Macedo José Rubens , Resende José Wilson , Bissochi Carlos Augusto , Carvalho Daniel , Castro Fernando C.
Published: August 2015

This study presents the preliminary results of a new methodology for detecting high‐impedance faults in distribution systems based on interharmonic signatures. The methodology involves incorporation of an interharmonic current analysis system into a conventional protection system, such as automatic reclosers and sectionalisers. To check the functionality of the proposed methodology, the authors carried out field tests on different types of soil, involving instantaneous current waveform measurements during the occurrence of faults. The results suggest that the methodology, based on interharmonic currents produced by variations in electric arc length during the occurrence of high‐impedance faults, shows great promise when it comes to detection of the disturbance.
Base drive energy recovery for a silicon bipolar junction transistors
Authors: Zhu Hui , Sweet Mark , Sankara Narayanan E.M.
Published: August 2015

To enable fast switching of a silicon carbide bipolar junction transistor a low impedance base current path is required, traditionally implemented by a RC speed up circuit in parallel to the base resistance. For fast switching speeds the capacitance of this circuit has to be large, dissipating significant power during high frequency switching. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the implementation of an energy recovery (ER) circuit into the base drive; transferring stored energy within the pulse capacitor of the RC circuit back to the power supply. Measured performance of a 1.7 kW boost converter demonstrates an 15.1% reduction in base power losses of the proposed driver when compared with a conventional benchmark operated at a switching frequency of 143 kHz.
Complete mathematical model derivation for modular multilevel converter based on successive approximation approach
Authors: Xiao Huangqing , Xu Zheng , Tang Geng , Xue Yinglin
Published: August 2015

Considering the voltage difference between the neutral points of the DC side and the AC side, this study first establishes the differential mathematical model of the modular multilevel converter (MMC). Then, through the proposed successive approximation approach, the analytical expressions of the electrical quantities are derived, including the arm voltage and current, the output voltage and current, the capacitor voltage and current, the voltage difference between two neutral points, the instantaneous active and reactive power, the arm reactance voltage and the current of switching devices. The proposed successive approximation approach contains three main steps. In step 1, the preliminary analytical expressions of the MMC's electrical quantities based on the ideal step wave of the arm voltage with constant SM's capacitor voltage is deduced; step 2 is to derive the final analytical expressions of the MMC's electrical quantities according to the time‐varying SM's capacitor voltage expression which is derived in the first step; and the convergence is analysed in step 3. A simulation model of the MMC is realised in PSCAD/EMTDC and the results show that the complete analytical model coincides well with the simulation results and has a higher accuracy than the traditional model.
Cognitive frequency diverse array radar with situational awareness
Authors: Wang Wen‐Qin
Published: August 2015

By jointly utilising the advantages of cognitive radar with situational awareness due to closed‐loop control and frequency diverse array (FDA) with range‐angle‐dependent beampattern, this study proposes a cognitive FDA radar with situational awareness. Different from conventional phased‐array, FDA offers a range‐dependent beampattern. The proposed cognitive FDA radar can avoid undesired strong interferences and focus to the desired targets through the presented closed‐loop control algorithm. This algorithm aims to maximise the receiver output signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) performance by iteratively optimising the frequency increment in a closed‐loop manner. That is, the cognitive FDA radar can adaptively change its frequency increment according to the environment and thus better performance can be obtained. The cognitive FDA radar performance is evaluated by examining the SINR and direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation mean square errors. How the performance depends on the FDA frequency increment is also investigated. Simulation results show that the cognitive FDA radar yields much better SINR performance and thus higher DOA estimation precision than basic FDA and conventional phased‐array radars.
Bearing fault classification using ANN‐based Hilbert footprint analysis
Authors: Dubey Rahul , Agrawal Dheeraj
Published: August 2015

Ball bearings are considered as a critical element in various mechanical systems. Vibration signal analysis is very effective method for finding bearing fault. Accelerometers are used to capture the multi‐component vibration signal generated in the machine when it is in use. Various methods based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) have been used for ball bearing fault diagnosis. EMD method usually suffered from the boundary distortion of intrinsic mode function. Classification of ball bearing fault is one of the challenging tasks in the field of mechanical systems. Various classification schemes such as support vector machine (SVM), K‐means clustering, extreme learning machine (ELM) have been used for the classification of ball bearing fault. In this study, footprint analysis of Hilbert transform along with the neural network has been done for ball bearing fault analysis. A comparative analysis of the proposed research study has been done with available methods such as SVM and ELM. A high fault classification accuracy has been achieved using the proposed method for detection of ball bearing fault.