bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Government Agricultural Support Programs and Livelihood of Smallholder Vegetable Farmers in Kampala, District Uganda
Authors: Nassiwa Florence , Kwonyike Joshua , Kung David Mwangi
Published: July 2022

This article explores government agricultural support programs and livelihood of smallholder vegetable farmers in Kampala district Uganda. Climate variability is a reality and poses severe effects on societal economy. The agriculture sector in developing countries will be hard hit because it is mostly rain-fed. The poor in such countries will face the brunt of climate variability because they are poor and less able to cope with its effects. Government agricultural programs may help smallholder farmers cope with climate variability and thus protect livelihood. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and complimented by face- to- face interviews. In this paper, multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of government agricultural support programs and livelihood of smallholder vegetable farmers. The results showed that out of 201 farmers only 16 (8.0%) received government support and was received in form of subsidized credit, agricultural inputs, agriculture training, extension services and market support. Correlation analysis using Pearson Correlation Coefficient showed a significant positive and weak correlation (r =0.423, p=0.000) between government support programs and livelihood of farmers. Whereas multiple linear regression results revealed that government agricultural support programs (β2= -0.037 and p>0.05) did not have a significant effect on livelihood of smallholder vegetable farmers. Consequently, the paper recommends increasing accessibility and affordability of government programs. Secondly, the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries and NAADS should provide provide agricultural support as a full package to farmers.
Treated wastewater for meeting challenges of climate change in arid regions
Authors: Radaideh Jamal A.
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on treated wastewater in addressing the impacts of climate change on water sources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions that suffer anyway from water scarcity. Jordan with its severe water situation is expected to be defenseless to climate change effects taking into account the unbalance between available water resources and urgent demands. The paper helps in assessing treated wastewater as an effective adaptation measure to cope with water scarcity in Jordan and to consider it as an integral part of the national water budget. Wastewater is a promising alternative to cover the shortage in water supply in regions where severe drought is an anticipated effect of climate change, also to provide water of good quality to secure drinking water for the population, at the same time to increase the efficiency of the uses of the available water sources. Jordan has 36 wastewater treatment plants in operation scattered throughout the country and producing about 430,000 CM/day of reclaimed wastewater. According to the reports Ministry of Water and Irrigation, more than 85 percent of this water is of in full compliance to the quality required for irrigation of field crops and forest trees according to JS 893/2006.
Anti-Cancer Activity of Phytochemical Constituents of Neolamarckia Cadamba (Roxb.) Stem Bark using Molecular Docking Studies
Authors:   Department of Pharmacognosy, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Mehdipatnam, Hyderabad, Telangana 500028, India., P Ravi Kumar
Published: July 2022

Molecular docking studies are efficient tools to study the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic parameters of drug compounds. The present study aimed to determinethe anti-cancer activity of Neolamarckia Cadamba (Roxb.) stem bark extract and to perform molecular docking on selected phytocompounds. The dried bark extracted successively by Soxhlet apparatus using n-Hexane, Dichloromethane and 80%Ethanol which was confirmed by visualization of spots on TLC using UV chamber. The extracted compounds subjected to Insilico study such as molecular docking using AUTODOCK 4.2.6 on the active sites of VEGFR2, HER2(erbB2) and EGFR Proteins. The docking results reveal among all the 3 phytoconstituents that are extracted from the Neolamarckia Cadamba bark 4-hydroxy-beta- ionone has maximum binding affinity at the active sites of HER2, VGERF2 and EGFR. The target proteins show good anti-cancer activity in response towards 4-hydroxy-betaionone. Keywords- Neolamarckia Cadamba, Molecular docking, Cancer, GC-MS, In-silico analysis
CRIMINAL LAW REFORMS IN INDIA: A STUDY ON PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
Authors:   Associate Professor and Head, P G Department of Law, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, Sahu Dr Meena Ketan , Khamari Chandi Prasad ,   PhD Scholar, P G Department of Law, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha
Published: July 2022

The Criminal Justice System represents the cutting edge of governance. Towering over society, it parades an array of institutions, processes, people, and penalties to reinforce its images. This array includes policemen in uniform, constables with batons or lathis, the police station, courts, jail, bail, sentence, prisons, imprisonment, death row, the gallows, hanging and death. Each of these institutions and processes is part of the Criminal Justice System and yet partly autonomous within it. But a matter of great concern is that there arise multiple questions about whether these institutions are working/functioning properly within their ambit or not. Is there lack of implementation of provisions of criminal law by the enforcing agencies? Whether the recommendations of law commissions are adequately implemented? Whether the Malimath Committee’s Report on Criminal Law Reforms are being adequately addressed and enforced. Is adversarial system of criminal justice in India suitable in the present-day context, or it is high time to accept few principles of inquisitorial system of justice as it is prevailing in common law countries. With these few questions, in the present paper, the researchers have made an attempt to introduce our criminal justice system. The researchers further focuses on reforms recommended by the Law Commission. Finally, the researchers have suggested some important changes/modifications required in the prevailing criminal justice system in India to make it more streamlined and strengthened. Key Words: Criminal Justice System, Adversarial, Inquisitorial, Malimath Committee, Law Commission, Human Rights, Courts, Police, Bail etc.
FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE UNFOLDING TYPE GASTRO RETENTIVE FILM
Authors:   Principal of Jagan’s institution of pharmaceutical sciences, Venkatesh P , Durga srinivasrao M ,   Associated professor, Department of Phaemaceutics, Jagan’s institution of pharmaceutical sciences
Published: July 2022

The present work is based on the formulation and In-vitro evaluation of a gastroretentive mucoadhesvie based drug delivery system containing prazosin hydrochloride for controlled release. It consists of a drug loaded polymeric film folded into a hard gelatin capsule. After administration film unfolds and its swelling and bioadhesion to the gastric mucosa. Prazosin hydrochloride, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist used for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer. Prazosin hydrochloride absorbed only in the initial part of gastro intestinal tract (GIT) and has less bioavailability. Thus by retaining the drug in the gastric region improves its bioavailability. Films were prepared by solventcasting method using HPMC K4M, and Carbopol 971P NF as polymers and PEG 400 as the plasticizer. The prepared film were evaluated for various parameters such as film thickness, folding endurance, uniformity of weight, surface pH, determination of drug content, moisture content, swelling index, In-vitro mucoadhesive study retention time, In-vitro unfolding behavior and In-vitro drug release studies and drug release kinetics. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed there were no polymorphic changes in drug as well as polymers during the formulation of polymeric film. Optimized formulation showed 99.02 % drug release at the end of 12 hrs and it follows the Korsmeyer-peppas kinetics model of drug release. Keywords: Gastroretentive mucoadhesive film, Solvent casting method, Prazosin hydrochloride
ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR DETERMINATION OF BETAMETHASONE BY USING UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, P.Rami Reddy Memorial college of pharmacy,Kadapa, Andra Pradesh., Syamala M
Published: July 2022

A simple, rapid, precise and cost effective UV-Visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for estimation of Betamethasone in its crude form and in pharmaceutical dosage form. Betamethasone shows maximum absorbance at 234nm. The method was carried out by using Sulphuric acid as a solvent. Beers law obeyed in the concentration range of 5-30µg/ml and correlation coefficient was found to be 0.998. The proposed method was statistically validated for precision, accuracy, ruggedness, robustness, limit of detection, limit of quantification as per the ICH guidelines. Hence this method can be successfully applied for routine analysis of Betamethasone in crude form and also in pharmaceutical dosage form. KEYWORDS: Betamethasone; Sulphuric acid; UV-spectroscopy; validation.
Development and Validation ofa High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Estimation of Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol in Bulk & Dosage Forms
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KJR College of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India., Abdul Sattar Md
Published: July 2022

A new method was established for estimation of Tizanidine and Ibuprofen by RP-HPLC method. The chromatographic conditions were successfully developed for the separation of Tizanidine and Ibuprofen by using Intersil ODS C18 column (250×4.6mm) 5.0µm, flow rate was 1.0ml/min, mobile phase ratio was (40:60 v/v) Potassium di hydrogen Phosphate Buffer: Acetonitrile pH 3.2 (pH was adjusted with Ortho-phosphoric acid), detection wavelength was 269 nm. The instrument used was Shimadzu HPLC, UV detector 2450, Spinchrom -software version-2. The method shows linearity between the concentration range of 0.6-1.4µg / ml for Tizanidine and 120-280 for Ibuprofen. The % recovery of Tizanidine and Ibuprofen were found to be in the range of 98.0 % - 102.0 %. Keywords: Intersil ODS C18 column, Tizanidine and Ibuprofen and RP-HPLC.
Novel biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and lupus flare in pregnancy
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ilie Ilinca , Gica Nicolae ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Preeclampsia and systemic lupus erythematosus are medical conditions with established elevated risks of pregnancy complications and fetal compromise. Active lupus during pregnancy can trigger the appearance of preeclampsia. Research has demonstrated an increase in lupus disease flares during pregnancy, secondary to hormonal shifts required in order to maintain pregnancy. Hemolytic anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, sudden onset of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation and decreasing complement components such as C3, C4 and CH50 are hallmarks of lupus flares during pregnancy. Timely and accurate prediction of preeclampsia is now feasible through estimation of novel placental and endothelial biomarkers, chiefly sFlt-1 and PIGF. A sFlt-1 to PIGF ratio under 38, in patients under 34 weeks of gestation suspected of disease, boasts the highest negative predictive value for preeclampsia and can successfully rule out preeclampsia development in the following 4 weeks in patients with normal values. Moreover, the sFlt-1 to PIGF ratio has proven its utility in the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and active lupus nephritis, with normal ratio values noted in cases of lupus flares during pregnancy. Further research is required in order to identify other novel potential biomarkers.
An Efficient Diffusion Approach for Chaos-Based Image Encryption and DNA Sequences
Authors: Shraida Ghofran , Younis Hameed
Published: July 2022

Experts and researchers in the field of information security have placed a high value on the security of image data in the last few years. They have presented several image encryption techniques that are more secure. To increase the security level of image encryption algorithms, this article offers an efficient diffusion approach for image encryption methods based on one-dimensional Logistic, three-dimensional Lorenz, DNA encoding and computing, and SHA-256. The encryption test demonstrates that the method has great security and reliability. This article, also, examines the security of encryption methods, such as secret key space analysis, key sensitivity test, histogram analysis, information entropy process, correlation examination, and differential attack. When the image encryption method described in this article is compared to several previous image encryption techniques, the encryption algorithm has higher information entropy and a lower correlation coefficient.
Socio–Economic Impact of Urban Flooding in one of the low-lying areas of Surat in light of e-governance and Social Engineering
Authors: Gandhi Pankaj , Agnihotri Prasit Girish
Published: July 2022

Flood is natural catastrophes that lead to massive damage to properties and lives. Its impact on socio-economic aspects has been highly recorded over the last two decades. Social and active learning efforts, such as flood monitoring through e-governance and Self Help Group’s (SHGs) social engineering method, effective cooperation by allowing stakeholders to talk about issues of common interest in a spirit of mutual trust and ownership, as well as breaking down information exchange obstacles. Here, we have emphasized the social impact of the low-lying area of Surat city in the context of e-governance and social engineering. In communities defined by changing climate, local economies, and demography, social and active learning through SHGs helps build an ability to manage complex socio-economic-political and environmental concerns. Using the Kadarshah Naal SHGs as a case study, we examined the SHGs framework as a catalyst for altering practices toward collaborative working and aiding the transition to more sustainable urban floods and their control. This study is collected on real-time basis data from urban flooding as a case study where the improvement in urban flood resiliency has been observed with the formation of the Kadarshah Naal SHGs. A socio-economic survey was carried out to evaluate the impact of the integration of SHGs with the urban local body (ULB) on resiliency. The study has found that the alone approach of e-governance of ULB was ineffective for faster and speedy resiliency but with the integration of SHGs, the resiliency is better. These SHGs have strengthened the peoples’ bonding and provided leverage to the ULB for handling the flood situation with disparities in viewpoints and behaviors. These SHGs have helped to reframe the tacit knowledge of handling emergency situation through social engineering approach. The Kadarshah Naal SHGs' social learning has pushed the members to move away from traditional "siloed" activities and responsibilities and provided a platform to have an integrated and inclusive approach to developing common visions and working toward urban flood resilience.
Položaj narodnih skupnosti pripadnikov narodov nekdanje SFRJ v slovenskem šolstvu
Authors: Klun Jaka , Skubic Ermenc Klara
Published: July 2022

Članek prinaša rezultate raziskave, izvedene med predstavniki zvez kulturnih društev pripadnikov narodov nekdanje SFRJ. Na osnovi polstrukturiranih intervjujev smo ugotavljali, kako sogovorniki ocenjujejo položaj svojih skupnosti v šolstvu in kaj od njega pričakujejo. Rezultati so interpretirani s perspektive multikulturnih politik, ki se v Sloveniji oblikujejo glede na različne pravne statuse narodnih skupin in skupnosti. Rezultati kažejo na odsotnost jasne politike izobraževanja za učence pripadnike narodov nekdanje SFRJ, do česar se sogovorniki kritično opredelijo.
Book Review - Francesco Della Puppa & Giuliana Sanò (eds.), Stuck and Exploited. Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Italy Between Exclusion, Discrimination and Struggles; Venezia: Edizioni Ca’Foscari, 2021, 362 pp.
Authors: Rué Alèxia
Published: July 2022

At a time when the guarantees that international protection seemed to offer are being constantly undermined across the Global North, Stuck and Exploited offers a comprehensive approach to the current processes of retrenchment of reception rights and the dismantlement of reception structures through an in-depth analysis of the Italian case. With a strong ethnographic lens, Della Puppa and Sanò’s edited volume compiles 16 contributions of academics, activists, and practitioners working in the field of asylum to examine the processes of exclusion and discrimination of asylum seekers in their passage through an asylum reception system marked by arbitrariness, neglect, and opacity. Divided into two parts, the first part of the volume examines the national developments and characteristics of the Italian asylum reception system in its insertion within wider tendencies of migration governance through reception in the Global North. However, it does not fail to deepen in the particularities of different Italian regions and municipalities, highlighting how the implementation of national and EU policy is interpreted and reinterpreted at the local level and how, within this context, the discretion of “street-level bureaucrats,” as described by Lipsky, and other intermediaries, as well as the actions of social movements or the civil society can become a tool for “debordering” or yet another strategy of further control over migrants’ lives.
Amistad, política y economía entre Anacarsis Lanús y Bartolomé Mitre. Análisis de fuentes documentales desde la arqueología histórica
Authors: García Analía
Published: July 2022

Investigaciones de arqueología histórica iniciadas en 2018 en el municipio de Lanús permitieron identificar un conjunto de terrenos que fueron propiedad de Anacarsis Lanús (considerado fundador del partido homónimo de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) y detectar su cercanía con el expresidente de la Nación, Bartolomé Mitre. Este artículo propone explorar la relación de amistad, con aspectos políticos y económicos, que unió a ambas personalidades durante el momento de formación del Estado moderno argentino, con el fin de aproximarnos a los motivos que llevaron al auge y al ocaso del Sr. Lanús y que de alguna manera incidieron sobre sus propiedades e imagen dentro del actual partido. Se concluye que el acercamiento entre ambas personalidades tuvo aspectos rentables para ambos, pero al mismo tiempo se intercaló con situaciones infructuosas, que, si bien no resultaron en los motivos de la declinación económica de Anacarsis Lanús, sí impactaron negativamente sobre ella y sobre su imagen. El fraccionamiento y la venta de sus terrenos y propiedades son el resultado de una serie de problemas financieros y monetarios, que llevaron tanto a la urbanización de un sector del municipio como a dejar en las sombras parte de su historia y la de su familia.
Lenguas, Intérpretes e interpretaciones en la evangelización del Tucumán colonial (1580-1680)
Authors: Bixio Beatriz
Published: July 2022

Se presentan algunas consideraciones relativas a las lenguas de evangelización, los intérpretes y las interpretaciones en el dominio religioso de la gobernación del Tucumán1 en el período comprendido entre los años 1580 y 1680. Intentamos reconocer el rol de los intérpretes nativos y las lenguas en las que estos se desempeñaron, aspectos que habilitarán el ingreso a algunos problemas de lingüística americana (quechuización, castellanización, pervivencia de lenguas regionales), de historia indígena (posibilidad de considerar a estos intérpretes como verdaderos mediadores culturales en el dominio religioso y su participación como agentes en el proceso de occidentalización) y de evangelización (grado de cumplimiento del Concilio Limense de 1582 y del Sínodo Diocesano de 1597). El reconocimiento de ciertos recursos iterativos en la presentación del intérprete en textos religiosos, por otro lado, habilitará consideraciones sobre la función pragmática de los discursos que mencionan a estos mediadores y ofrecerá explicaciones sobre el carácter elíptico de su presentación.
La acción cívica del Ejército en el Nordeste argentino. Una aproximación a los “Operativos Toba” (1976-1977)
Authors: Almada Verónica , Lavintman Jazmín
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo1 explora las distintas facetas de la violencia estatal a partir del análisis de los denominados “Operativos Toba” llevados adelante por el Ejército Argentino entre 1976 y 1977 en el Nordeste argentino. Este despliegue de personal militar en pequeños pueblos rurales, fue caracterizado por la propia fuerza como operaciones de “acción cívica”. Su objetivo era revestir de legitimidad social a la dictadura militar, mediante el consenso y apoyo de la población. Para dar cuenta del conjunto de prácticas y técnicas que conformaron estos operativos, trabajamos con textos doctrinarios y un pequeño universo de documentos burocráticos del Ejército, los cuales se complementan con declaraciones surgidas en el marco de la primera causa judicial por los crímenes de la última dictadura militar desarrollada en la provincia de Corrientes en el año 2008. La hipótesis que recorre el trabajo es que las operaciones de acción cívica fueron parte, junto con la acción represiva y psicológica, de la estrategia militar de la denominada “lucha contra la subversión” y que, en el caso de los “Operativos Toba”, su denominación e implementación estuvo ligada al imaginario histórico del ejército como guardián y promotor del orden nacional.
Relaciones de género y movilidades transfronterizas de las bolivianas aymara del Valle de Azapa (Arica y Parinacota, Chile)
Authors: Guizardi Menara , Magalhaes Lina , Nazal Esteban
Published: July 2022

El artículo deriva de un estudio de caso cualitativo realizado en 2019 que analiza los testimonios de 30 mujeres bolivianas aymara empleadas mayormente en la agricultura o en el comercio agrícola en el valle de Azapa, en las inmediaciones de la ciudad chilena de Arica. Se enfoca específicamente en sus relatos sobre las relaciones de género en sus familias de origen, indagando sobre su impacto (o su vinculación) con los desplazamientos que las mujeres emprenden en sus vidas adultas. El objetivo central es mostrar cómo las relaciones de género en estos entornos familiares ayudaron a configurar los procesos de movilidad transfronteriza femenina y cómo ambos elementos están atravesados por las múltiples desigualdades entre hombres y mujeres en las comunidades de origen de las migrantes. Los marcos conceptuales aplicados a este estudio devienen de dos grandes campos teóricos. Primero, para conceptualizar las relaciones de género y las desigualdades de poder que caracterizan las trayectorias familiares de nuestras entrevistadas en sus localidades de origen, nos apoyamos en las reflexiones antropológicas del feminismo crítico sobre los sistemas de dominación masculina. En segundo lugar, nos apoyamos también en la amplia producción antropológica sobre las asimetrías de género en los grupos sociales aymara, que permiten complementar el marco anterior desde las dimensiones simbólicas y relacionales propias de estos pueblos originarios.
Incorporating Blockchain in QoS-Based Sematic Web Services Selection
Authors: Jalal Sunita , Negi Chetan Singh , Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Verma Reeta
Published: July 2022

Web service technology and cloud computing offer promising solutions for developing distributed business applications published and invoked over the internet. Web service discovery finds the most relevant web services satisfying the functional needs of users. Semantic description of web services offers more accurate matching results between user query and web services descriptions. User's quality of service (QoS)-based criteria select the best web service from a set of functionally similar web services. The risk of privacy leakage of users is possible as service providers collect user personal data without any agreement. It isn't easy to assess the trustworthiness of values of QoS attributes provided by different service providers. Blockchain is an emerging technique that can overcome privacy leakage and identifying web services with fake values of QoS attributes. This chapter gives an overview of semantic web services, discovery and QoS-based selection of semantic web services, and the use of blockchain technology in the selection of web services.
Improved Hybrid Sampling Strategy for Software Defect Prediction of Imbalanced Data Distribution
Authors: Rao K. Nitalaksheswara
Published: July 2022

Software defect prediction using data mining techniques is one of the best practices for finding defective modules. The existing classification techniques can be used for efficient knowledge discovery on normal datasets. Most of the real-world data sources are biased towards any one of the classes. This type of data source is known as class imbalance or skewed data sources. The defect prediction rate for the class imbalance datasets reduces with the increases in the class imbalance nature. To handle such type of datasets, an approach with specific designing technique is required for improved performance. In this chapter, the authors propose an algorithm known as improved integrated sampling strategy (IISS) for improved performance using noisy removal strategy for software defect prediction. The experimental analysis conducted on skewed software defect prediction datasets provides the results that IISS algorithm have performed well when compared with C4.5, C4.5+Balance, RF, and RF+Balance algorithms with various class imbalance evaluation measures.
Women Entrepreneurs and Disparities During the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Eras
Authors: Billy Iris A. , Harrison Priscilla S. , Palla Nagamani
Published: July 2022

The challenges of a global pandemic have placed women's business ownership and entrepreneurship at the forefront of much debate. This is an important area to pursue within scholarly arenas because women's involvement in business ownership and entrepreneurship continues to impact women's livelihoods, families, and impacts the local and global economy. There are many studies that explored challenges and barriers to women's entrepreneurship, a more specific and focused finding should be addressed to review implications presented due to COVID-19 pandemic. An examination of how ethnicity, gender, and race plays a role in women entrepreneurship process and the way women entrepreneurs' experiences were shaped during the pre- and post-pandemic era is warranted on a scholarly level.
The Impact of European Union Projects on the Development of the Border Region
Authors: Waniek Malgorzata , Castanho Rui Alexandre
Published: July 2022

The current work aims to examine the efficient management of natural and cultural heritage resources for the sustainable development of cross-border tourism. Therefore, the authors of the chapter examine what measures should be taken to ensure that the cultural, natural, and residential space in the programme area can be used in a sustainable way in the long term. After a detailed analysis of the selected region, measures to protect and manage natural and cultural resources were considered. The research is expected to increase the expected number of visitors to supported natural and cultural heritage sites and supported monuments, to reduce resource consumption and pollution especially in tourist sites, and to combat the environmental impact of transport.
A Scholar's Dance to Higher Ground
Authors: Thrower Anika C.
Published: July 2022

The chapter shares pivotal points of Dr. Thrower's life depicted as a particular dance. The chapter anchors itself into a brief look into her formative years. She shares her experiences in undergraduate school and then moves forth into her early professional life. Next, Dr. Thrower depicts her community health work, earning advanced education, and provides the reader insights into her initial experiences in academia. Later, with a more seasoned eye and hindsight, she can label her experiences clearly, specifically dealing with microaggressions at the hands of both her students and peers. Each section opens with a new dance and is summarized with an open letter to individuals who were pivotal to her development at specific periods in her life.
Montenegro and BRI Initiative
Authors: Martinović Nikola , Milović Nikola
Published: July 2022

The focus of this chapter is the analysis of economic relations between Montenegro and China and the implications that the intensified economic cooperation may have on the political, regional, and global levels. Special attention is paid to the construction of the priority section of the Bar-Boljare highway and the financial arrangement concluded on those grounds between Montenegro and the Chinese Exim Bank. China's presence in the Western Balkans has gained importance recently through the Belt and Road Initiative project. Therefore, this chapter seeks to answer how Montenegro can use all the benefits of this initiative to strengthen its national economy and increase its citizens' living standards. That can be crucial as Montenegro is facing economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, and FDI inflows are a precondition to reduce the infrastructure gap within the convergence criteria in the EU accession process.
A fractal interpolation scheme for a possible sizeable set of data
Authors: Miculescu Radu , Mihail Alexandru , Pacurar Cristina Maria
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we propose a new fractal interpolation scheme. More precisely, we consider

a,b\in\mathbb{R}

,

a<b

, and

A\subseteq \mathbb{R}

such that

\{a,b\}\subseteq A=\overline{A}\subseteq [a,b]

and

\overset{\circ}{A}=\emptyset

and prove that for every continuous function

f:A\rightarrow\mathbb{R}

, there exist a continuous function

g^{\ast}:[a,b]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}

such that

g_{\mid A}^{\ast}=f

and a possible infinite iterated function system whose attractor is the graph of

g^{\ast}

. If

A

is finite, we obtain the classical Barnsley’s interpolation scheme and for

A=\{x_{n}\mid n\in \mathbb{N}\}\cup\{b\}

, where

x_{1}=a

,

\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} x_{n}=b

and

x_{n}\in [a,b]

for every

n\in\mathbb{N}

, we obtain a countable scheme due to N. Secelean. Our interpolation scheme permits

A

to be uncountable as it is the case for the Cantor ternary set.
Cadê o Banco que estava aqui? O Impacto dos Bancos Digitais no Mercado Brasileiro
Authors: Borges Marques Frank , Freitas Vérica , Freitas de Paula Veronica Angelica
Published: July 2022

Este estudo analisa implicações da digitalização e o surgimento dos Bancos Digitais no Brasil. Para tanto, descreve a evolução dos canais de atendimento (2011-2018) e a regulamentação relacionada (2013-2019); analisa implicações causadas ao mercado; e as interações dos clientes do Nubank®. Usa abordagem qualitativa, etapas descritiva e exploratória, dados secundários e análise documental. Como resultados, o estudo apontou: iniciativas de investimento em digitalização da relação com clientes; ampliação do uso de estratégias de comunicação dos Bancos Digitais pelos Bancos Tradicionais; 16 normativos BACEN sobre o tema; e que a maioria dos clientes Nubank® atua como promotores da marca.

Where is the Bank that was here? The impact of Digital Banks on the Brazilian Market

This study analyzes the implications of digitalization and the emergence of Digital Banks in Brazil. Therefore, it describes the evolution of service channels (2011-2018) and related regulations (2013-2019). It analyzes implications caused to the market and Nubank® customer interactions. It uses a qualitative approach, descriptive and exploratory steps, secondary data and document analysis. As a result, the study pointed out: investment initiatives in the digitalization of customer relations; expansion of the use of communication strategies of Digital Banks by Traditional Banks; 16 regulations issued by the Brazilian Central Bank on the subject; and that the majority of Nubank® customers act as brand
promoters.
Um Estudo sobre Observatórios através de um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura
Authors: Vieira Jeferson Kenedy Morais , Barbosa Jessyca Lorena Pereira , Farias Júnior Ivaldir H. de , Moura Hermano Perrelli de
Published: July 2022

A carência de um referencial teórico-conceitual homogêneo sobre os observatórios tem dificultado a compreensão e o entendimento deste fenômeno. Diante deste cenário, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de investigar e compreender o estado da arte dos observatórios buscando identificar suas áreas de aplicações, definições, características, objetivos, benefícios, desafios enfrentados, componentes e, finalmente, produtos e serviços ofertados por esses observatórios. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi executado um mapeamento sistemático da literatura baseado em snowballing. O conjunto inicial foi formado por 65 artigos, após a execução do backward e forward snowballing foram incluídos, respectivamente, 22 e 32 novos artigos, totalizando 119 artigos analisados. O corpo de conhecimento sobre observatórios apresentado como resultado deste estudo pode ser utilizado como guia para ajudar na compreensão desta temática, além disso, novas pesquisas poderão ser desenvolvidas a partir das lacunas na literatura identificadas nesta pesquisa.

A Study on Observatories through a Systematic Mapping of Literature

The lack of a homogeneous theoretical-conceptual framework on observatories has made it difficult to understand and understand this phenomenon. Given this scenario, this research aims to investigate and understand the state of the art of observatories, seeking to identify their application areas, definitions, characteristics, objectives, benefits, challenges faced, components and, finally, products and services offered by these observatories. To achieve this goal, a systematic literature mapping based on snowballing was performed. The initial set consisted of 65 articles, after performing backward and forward snowballing, 22 and 32 new articles were included, respectively, totaling 119 articles analyzed. The body of knowledge on observatories presented as a result of this study can be used as a guide to help in understanding this theme, in addition, new research can be developed based on the gaps in the literature identified in this research.
Proximate Analysis and Production of Bio-ethanol from Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) White Cultivars obtained from Samaru Zaria
Authors: Sani U. , Abubakar S. , Suleiman F. , Olabode H.O.
Published: July 2022

This study entails the production of bioethanol from the peels of sweet potato of white cultivar variety obtained in Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria. Fresh cultivar with the proximate composition of 72% moisture content, 9.71% ash content, 24.52% crude fiber, 78.74% total carbohydrate and crude protein of 6.42% were hydrolyzed with 3% sulphuric acid solution at 130oC and 60 minutes in an improvised reactor to generate 54.5ml of hydrolyzate after steam pretreatment step. The fermentable reducing sugar of 10.68% was achieved through glucose standardization with UV-spectrophotometer at 540nm wavelength. The fermentation of the hydrolyzate –yeast/media mixture (155ml) at 30oC for 72hours was achieved by commercial grade saccharomyces cerevisiae to yield 20.5g/54.5ml, which corresponds to 0.8198g/ml specific gravity and 93.6% ethanol concentration. The molecular sieve was eventually adopted in dehydrating the bioethanol to 99.9% (0.8072g/ml) concentration and the final yield of 1.61% per 50g of w. cultivar. FTIR spectrum that declares the ethanolic identity with the stretching vibrations of O-H, C-O and C-H at 3391, 1055 and 2981cm-1 respectively with the symmetric stretching vibration of the methyl groups at 2930cm-1.
Reproductive Indices and Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey Saint-Hilaire, 1809) and their Hybrids in an Indoor Tanks
Authors: Onyia L.U. , Ochokwu I.J. , Edward V.
Published: July 2022

Hybridization is significant in producing higher breeds, it produces new breeds and strain and reduce inbreed. The study examined the percentage fertilization, hatchability, heterosis and survival of the hatchlings in a complete randomized design. The cross established high fertilization rate across the hybrids. Clarias gariepinus male (Cl♂) x Heterobranchus bidorsalis female (Hb♀) recorded the highest fertilization (100%), Hb♂ x Cl♀ and Hb♂ x Hb♀ had (90 %), and the least was in Cl♂ x Cl♀ (60%), respectively. Pure strain Hb♂ x Hb♀ performed significantly higher (p<0.05) in final weight (234.7±0.0577g) and length (119.7±0.374mm) in all the trials from the onset of exogenous feeding with Blue Crown feed for 56 days. The best and least specific growth rate (SGR) 3.64 and 3.55 were recorded in Hb♂ x Cl♀ and Hb♂ x Hb♀ respectively. Hb♂ x Cl♀ and Hb♂ x Hb♀ survived 90% followed by Cl♂ x Hb♀ with 80% but the least survival was in Cl♂ x Cl♀ (30%). The growth of the hybrids revealed a hope for aquaculture improvement in Nigeria, and a means of promoting the availability of fish all year round if employed in the farm.
Bacteriological and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Lapai Water Supply
Authors: Baba J. , Soda G.B. , Azeh Y. , Bala E.
Published: July 2022

Bacteriological and Physico-chemical analysis of Lapai water source was investigated. Lapai is the headquarters of Lapai Local Government Area of Niger state, Nigeria. Bacteriological quality of water samples was determined by enumeration through Total Viable Count and Coliform count using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. The Isolates were subjected to Series of Biochemical tests for characterization and identification. The physicochemical parameters were determined according to the standard analytical methods for the examination of water and waste water and Romanian standard. Findings from this work includes the following: Maximum Total Viable Count (TVC) and Coliform count were recorded to be 2.45 x 107cfu/mg and > 1100 MPN index/100ml,while minimum TVC and Coliform count were recorded to be 1.05 x 107cfu/mg and 0MPN index/100ml in the water samples. Total bacteria count and identified from all the water sources in Lapai metropolis indicated that Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp occurred most with five (5) and four (4) isolates respectively.The conductivity data for the raw water samples indicated that State low-cost (LN), IBB Hostel (LE) and Emir Palace (LW) analysed were 250, 120 and 580 μs/cm. The pH, conductivity, chloride, nitrate and total hardness decreases with increasing treatment time in the column for the borehole water samples. While, the pH, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and total solids (TS), BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, ammonia and heavy metal analysis for the surface water (stream/river) samples also decreases with increasing treatment time in the packed column. Treatment of the water using nanocellulose revealed a decrease in all the investigated parameters with increasing treatment time. Most water samples examined did not meet up with the WHO standard for portable water, and the presence of these bacteria are potential pathogens that can significantly affect microbiology water quality, resulting to great health risk.
Caractérisation du peuplement ligneux des zones de culture dans l’Arrondissement de Djilor (Fatick, Sénégal)
Authors: Gomis Daniel , Thiaw Benga Agnès Daba , Faye Babacar , Guisse Aliou , Ndiaye Aminata
Published: July 2022

L’amélioration durable des rendements agricoles est devenue une priorité face à l’accentuation de la pauvreté en matière organique des sols et des risques et limites des fertilisants chimiques. Dans ce contexte, la conservation des arbres et arbustes des champs a connu un regain d’intérêt. C’est dans cette optique que cette étude visait à contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques de leur peuplement dans l’Arrondissement de Djilor. Pour y parvenir, des données ont été collectées dans des placettes carrées de 1600 m² (40 m x 40 m) installées de manière aléatoire dans les champs. Le nombre de ces placettes a été au préalable défini sur la base d’un préinventaire. Au total 22 espèces réparties en 22 genres et 14 familles dominées par des Mimosaceae, Combretaceae et Anacardiaceae (13,8% chacune), ont été recensées. La prédominance des mésophanérophytes (50%) soulignait le caractère arboré du peuplement. La chorologie de la flore était caractérisée par la prédominance d’espèces soudaniennes et soudano-zambéziennes (31,8 chacune) mais avec une prépondérance des individus de ces dernières (45,1%). La richesse spécifique de Shannon-weaver était moyenne (3,95 bits) avec une équitabilté de 0,88 bits et d’un indice de Simpson de 0,92 bits. Les paramètres dendrométriques obtenus du peuplement étaient : 7,6 ind/ha de densité réelle, 1,6 m2/ha de surface terrière, 5,8% de recouvrement, 48,4 cm de diamètre et 10,9 m de hauteur. Le taux de régénération y était très important (76,9%). La structure en diamètre et en hauteur montrait une prédominance des individus adultes. Ces résultats obtenus pourraient servir de base à la connaissance et au suivi de cet écosystème pour une amélioration de sa gestion.
Tetanus in Uda Ram: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Wahab Y.A. , Jeremiah O.T. , Oridupa O.A.
Published: July 2022

No Abstract.
Physical Body Deformity Effects on Differential Growth and Body Traits Development in Commercial Broilers
Authors: Jesuyon Oluwatosin Mawunapon A.
Published: July 2022

Physical deformities have been a recurrent challenge on broiler production in the tropics. The effect of physical body deformity (PBD) on differential growth of 550 commercial broiler chicks of Ross308 strain from day-old to 56 days were evaluated. Experimental design was completely randomized Design (CRD), while treatment groups were normal birds (NB), crooked neck (CN), twisted Leg (TL) and crooked neck+twisted leg (CN+TL). Data were collected on body weight (BWT, g), drumstick length (DST, cm), wing length (WGL, cm), shank+toe length (STL, cm) and leg length (LEL, cm); and were subjected to General Linear model (GLM), α=0.05, regression and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) procedures of Statistical Analytical Systems software, SAS® v8 (2008). Physical body deformity depressed broiler growth and development significantly (P<0.05) with small to large effects sizes (ds = -1.40 to 0.70). The differences in latent growth between deformity groups were significant (P<0.05), of practical ( dS>0.5) and large (f 2>0.4) importance from age 35 to 56 days. The CN+TL broiler group was most significantly depressed by physical deformity with linear growth speed of 0.43, and quadratic late growth speed of -0.19. Most adverse impact of the deformity conditions on growth and body development spanned from 35 to 56 days, and could lead to rejection of live birds at maturity and low profitability of small flock enterprises in the tropics.

Keywords: Commercial broilers, Physical abnormalities, Growth and development, Torticollis, Valgus-varus angulation
Evaluation of Total Coliform Counts in Non-Fermented and Fermented Cow Milk Products (Kindirmo, Mai-Shanu and Nono) in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Chagwa L.L. , Kwaga J.K.P. , Mamman P.H.
Published: July 2022

Testing for coliforms has a long history in dairy production, and has helped to identify the unsanitary condition of unpasteurized and pasteurized milk products. The study was performed to evaluate the level of coliform bacterial contamination in raw cow milk and milk products (kindirmo, mai-shanu, and nono). A total of 426 samples comprising 106 raw milk, 106 kindirmo, 106 mai-shanu and 108 nono were obtained from four selected Fulani herds (Damari, Marwa, Tudun-Muntsira, and Wuciciri) and four milk markets (Kasuwan-Mata, Kwangila, Samaru and Tudun-Wada) in Zaria Metropolis, all samples were tested using the bacteriological method. Coliform counts were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Tukey package and recorded as mean coliform counts (CFU/ML). The overall mean coliform counts for the milk products (raw milk, kindirmo, mai-shanu, and nono) were 98.88 ± 7.68 x 108 CFU/ML, 60.19 ± 5.49 x 108 CFU/ML, 60.36 ± 5.50 x 108 CFU/ML and 73.5 ± 7.09 x 108 CFU/ML respectively. The mean coliform counts for raw milk were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from the three products (kindirmo, mai-shanu and nono). The study revealed heavy coliform bacterial load, ranging between 60.19 ± 5.49 x 108 CFU/ML and 98.88 ± 7.68 x 108 CFU/ML. This study calls for educating farmers and milk retailers at different levels level of production on the hygienic way of handling milk along the value chain to minimize unnecessary contamination of milk and milk products which can be of public health significance.
The Sexual Function Questionnaire: Validation and Gender-Neutral Adaptation to Hungarian (SFQ18_HU)
Authors: Kalcza-Janosi Kinga
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Assessment tools for sexual function have been developed and validated separately for women and men, resulting in gender-specific screening tools. In order to fill in this gap, the objective of this study was the translation, adaptation and validation of the Sexual Function Questionnaire- Version 2 (SFQ-V2) into Hungarian, in a gender-neutral language, to make it suitable for both genders.
Methods: A total of 1662 adults were evaluated with the checklist. The items were translated and adapted for both male and female respondents, reformulating in the specific Hungarian gender-neutral vocabulary. An exploratory factor analysis was performed for this new scale, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used to examine the reliability of the factors. We assumed sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value in the detection of sexual dysfunction.
Results: The Hungarian, gender neutral version of the scale consists of 18 questions and 5 domains: arousal, desire, pain, enjoyment and orgasm. According to our results, the model with 5-factor structure is adequate, in that it was indicated by the model fit indices. Our results have revealed that the SFQ_18 HU has good psychometric properties and may be a useful instrument for assessing of sexual functions.
Conclusions: The use of the instrument both in clinical practice and/or research can be effective, while the administration and interpretation of scores is easy and not time consuming. The proposed questionnaire, SFQ18_HU is conceptualized as a screening scale or checklist, not a diagnostic instrument.