bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Politics of Asian Regionalism in Korea
Authors: Dae-Gyeong Kim
Published: June 2020

Drawing from the concept of national identity in the Constructivist School of International Relations, this paper sheds light on the interaction between identity politics and pan-Asian regionalist vision in South Korea today by examining how competing political groups – the progressives, leftists and conservatives – have formulated differing regional policies and long-term goals. After showing that each group’s distinctive identities toward North Korea and the United States have influenced the formation of controversies over regionalist visions, this paper suggests that successful future community building in Asia hinges upon the creative resolution of a multilateral blueprint with existing bilateralisms in the region, and most importantly upon closer policy coordination between South Korea and the United States.
Adapt-Qaeda
Authors: Chhabra Sandeep S.
Published: June 2020

This paper traces and analyzes the organizational evolution of al-Qaeda from the late 1980s to the present day. It notes that al-Qaeda initially exhibited a hierarchical system and then adopted a hub network approach. Following 9/11 and the U.S assault in Afghanistan, the environment surrounding al-Qaeda was drastically altered, and thus organizational changes became necessary. Employing the concept of a “dune” organization to explain the unique and fluid organizational features al-Qaeda currently exhibits, this paper argues that al-Qaeda strategically chose to exploit the Internet and other information technologies in order to overcome its organizational and tactical limitations. This exploitation of information technology has led to the widespread and unfiltered transmission and reception of its ideological principles. Although recent cases demonstrate the emergence of “lone wolves” radicalized by al-Qaeda’s Internet activities, the broader ramifications of al-Qaeda’s exploitation of the Internet and other technologies for mass mobilization and operational considerations remain unclear.
Divisive Economic Device?
Authors: Yost Felicty M.
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
The Problems With American Exceptionalism
Authors: Borjian Timothy
Published: June 2020

In 2001, German President Johannes Rau made a statement that divided Germany. In an interview with a television station, Rau said that although he is “pleased and grateful” to be German, he cannot be “proud” of it––as “it is not an achievement to be German, [but] just a matter of luck.” This statement drew criticism from the opposition in Germany who claimed that without patriotism, it is not possible to adequately represent the interests of the country. Many politicians called for Rau’s resignation or, at the very least, a recant of his words––he did neither. The uproar died down shortly after, and Rau served as President for another three years.
The Evolution of Revolution
Authors: Bossung Taylor
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
The Illusion of US Isolationism
Authors: Lilli Eugenio
Published: June 2020

As of September 2011, the United States was involved, at different levels, in military operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Yemen and Somalia. America has more than 700 military installations overseas, and its military expenses account for almost half of the world’s total . This substantial foreign engagement directly contradicts the United States’ self-professed isolationism in foreign policy. The concept of US isolationism dates back to the colonial days. Evidence for example can be found in Thomas Paine’s work, Common Sense (1776). It was then often reiterated by US leaders, such as Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams, not long after America had gained its independence. Nowadays, characterizations of US foreign policy as isolationist are even further complicated if one moves beyond the field of military intervention and considers the thick web of economic, political, and cultural international relations existing among states. But what about past American foreign policy? Is it sensible to describe it as isolationist? This article analyzes US foreign policy rhetoric to suggest an answer to this inquiry.
Korean LGBT
Authors: Kim Jonathan
Published: June 2020

South Korea does not have a strong and visible lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender social movement in the public, despite active issue advocacy organizations, political representation from the Democratic Labour Party, and popular television shows that portray LGBT characters and themes. The LGBT movement has had a difficult time growing in South Korea because, as some have argued South Korea has long been ignorant about homosexuality and awareness of ‘gay’ had not been discovered until the early 1990s. I will look at three causal reasons that best describe the dearth of a growing social movement pushing for LGBT rights.
A Call for Ecologically Informed Policy to Address Sex Work
Authors: Steinacker Léa
Published: June 2020

With the recognition that sex workers constitute a key population at higher risk for the acquisition and dissemination of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has come an appreciation of the central role that they might assume in policy solutions to the global HIV epidemic. Since then, the activist approach and to some extent, the academic gaze have shifted from mere disease control to a more comprehensive accounting of sex workers’ lives. Policies and strategies for interventions, however, have largely lagged behind. Most interventions treat sex workers as a focal point of an infection network, while the daily realities of women and men who do sex work are often placed on the back burner of analysis.
Effects of Islamic Banking on Financial Market Outcomes in GCC Countries and Iran
Authors: Morrissey Robert
Published: June 2020

Islamic banking and finance have become increasingly widespread over the past two decades, particularly in Muslim-majority countries in the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeast Asia. This paper uses country-level data to examine how growing Islamic banking sectors have affected financial market outcomes in six countries. The analysis is split into two parts, first testing the hypothesis that countries with large Islamic banking sectors were less affected by the 2008 financial crisis than countries with strictly conventional banking systems, and second testing the hypothesis that emerging Islamic banking sectors have had a positive effect on private saving in countries with large Muslim populations. I find evidence that the banking systems of countries with large Islamic banking sectors fared no better at providing credit during the financial crisis than conventional alternatives, but do find evidence supporting a positive correlation between Islamic bank development and private saving.
Campaign of Devastation
Authors: Resnick Laura
Published: June 2020

In 1999, the Russian government all but razed Chechnya’s capital city of Groznyy. The Russian military devastated Chechnya, killing thousands of civilians and wiping out vital infrastructure, signifying the capstone in a campaign of destruction inflicted on Chechnya to crush the burgeoning separatist movement. Government-rebel attacks like this one occur when governments seek to end insurgent campaigns by using force to kill rebels and destroy their base of support.1 The unusual paradox in the Russian-Chechen conflict was that the Russian government’s ultimate intent was to stop the Chechen separatist movement and re-absorb Chechnya into the Russian Federation, and yet the damage it chose to inflict on the region was unimaginable in its scope and extent. Why would a government, in effect, completely destroy its own land and ruin what it considers its own infrastructure and part of its economy?

Why would a government want to inflict massive pain, suffering and death upon enormous numbers of civilians that it considers to be legitimate members of its own nation? At face value, nothing appears more ludicrous than a government murdering its own civilians and scorching its own earth. This paper endeavors to prove, however, that such brutality was not paradoxical, but had underlying normative and strategic value for the Russian government.
Bangladesh
Authors: Hussain Aamir
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
India and Nigeria
Authors: Cohn Caroline
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
The Effects of the US Pivot to Asia on European Strategic Cooperation
Authors: Armstong Thomas
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
From Fighting Nazis to Electing Nazis
Authors: Shiraef Mary
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
Diplomacy and Debt
Authors: Smolenyak Karinne
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
An Uncertain Belonging
Authors: Craig Halie
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
Colombia's Opportunity for Transitional Justice
Authors: Luquerna Ana
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
United States-India Defense Relations
Authors: Pedro John
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
Norm or Necessity?
Authors: Nguyen Tram-Anh
Published: June 2020

No abstract available
Hearts and Minds
Authors: Ou Adrienne
Published: June 2020

Bataclan. San Bernadino. One need not read any further to understand how radicalization is crucial to counterterrorism and national security. Some states have implemented counter-radicalization strategies to cull terrorism at its root. These tactics fall within two broad groups: the North American method, which emphasizes behavioral radicalization, and the European method, which stresses cognitive radicalization. This paper compares the two methods by examining counter-radicalization strategies in the United States and in the United Kingdom. Case studies explain the social ramifications and the effectiveness of the US’ Countering Violent Extremism policy and the UK’s Prevent strategy, and the roles they play in abolishing or inadvertently incentivizing social divisions that lead to radicalization and terrorism. While the US strategy emphasizes the role of law enforcement, the UK strategy focuses on the role of community in preventing terrorism, including those of universities and healthcare providers. This difference is crucial in how Muslim communities view their place in the broader context of society, which makes up a fundamental precept of political alienation. Consequentially, this paper brings radicalization studies out of the ivory tower and into its broader sociopolitical context and effects.
Spring 2016
Authors: Editorial Board
Published: June 2020

Full issue
NATIONAL ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NORTHERN BASIN FISHERIES
Authors: Vasiliev Anatoliy
Published: June 2020

A brief analysis of the state and use of the raw material base of the Northern

Basin fishery in 2010–2019 is carried out. The results of fisheriesin ib the

Murmansk region in 2008-2013 under institutional conditions are presented.

A financial and economic analysis of the fisheries of the Northern Basin in

2014-2018 was performed. A significant increase in prices for fish products

and a decrease in the purchasing power of the population are shown. The

recommendations aimed at improving the national economic efficiency of the

fisheries of the Northern basin are given.
RESULTS OF ATLANTIC SALMON INVESTIGATIONS IN NORTHERN DVINA RIVER DURING FISHING FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES
Authors: Studenov Igor , Chupov Dmitriy , Ustyuzhinskiy Gennadiy , Tortsev Alexey
Published: June 2020

Since 2008, due to the change in the fishery research financing system,

a decrease in research variety was noticed. After changes in fisheries

legislation, the use of the "quasi-budget" financing through the implementation

of "scientific" quotas was discontinued. Obvious enough, that the destruction

of valuable living resources caught during research fishing led to inability of

fisheries research to ensure innovative development of the branch, as well as

to preserve the scope of research achieved by 2008. Despite this, the studies

carried out in 1994-2014 have significantly expanded the understanding

of the Atlantic salmon biology in the Northern Dvina River. The observations

produced extensive material on migration dynamics, catch on effort in fishing

gear, length and weight indicators, sex and age structure of spawning herds

of Atlantic salmon of the Northern Dvina River.
IS IT POSSIBLE TO SAVE THE AZOV BELUGA?
Authors: Podushka Sergey
Published: June 2020

The Azov beluga Huso huso maeoticus has the status of a subspecies. This is one of the most threatened and problematic species of the Russian ichthyofauna. Despite the measures taken to protect this subspecies, the situation has only worsened over the past half-century. Some authors already consider the Azov Beluga to be extinct. Brood stock of the beluga raised at the Don Sturgeon Plant, where the first females began to mature in 2018, lets us hope for the possibility of saving the Azov subspecies. Presumably the herd consists of both Azov and Caspian belugas, as well as hybrids between them. The issue of their identification is being discussed. A plan to preserve a clean line of the Azov Beluga is proposed.
“Aesopian language” in the communist regime: a scientific article by the Bulgarian scientist Nikola Mavrodinov
Authors: Gasymov Parviz
Published: June 2020

The resistance in intellectual milieu of countries with totalitarian regimes had different forms. The “Aesopian language” was another resistance form. In Bulgarian archeologist, professor Nikola Mavrodinov’s article “Excavations and researches in Bulgaria in recent years”, published in the scientific journal “Soviet archeology”, in 1955, there was a noticeable contrast to that landscape of “underdeveloped archeology of bourgeois Bulgaria” depicted by him in the beginning of his article with presented facts by him. N.Mavrodinov’s article was an evident example of scientist’s “Aesopian language”, whose country was occupied and the regime established by the metropolis country demanded of the scientist to downgrade all achievements, made prior to occupation. Using, namely, this “Aesopian language”, the scientist showed that, at least, not everything was negative in the past or generally, one shouldn’t see the past in negative.
„The Last Crusade“. International Contexts of the Fight against Tuberculosis in Bulgaria up to the Middle of the 20th Century
Authors: Angelova Milena
Published: June 2020

In Bulgaria tuberculosis considerably began to be viewed as a social problem at the end of the 19th century and all experts were on the same opinion: the fight against tuberculosis had to be preventive, that meant: improvement of hygiene and labor conditions, overall information about the disease aimed to reach widest circles of the population and last not least, medical treatment. In the early 20th century in Bulgaria 20 000 persons annually died from tuberculosis, which was one of the highest percentages in Europe at that time. The First World War marks a turning point in the overall orientation of Bulgarian antituberculosis efforts. The nation’s arsenal of dispensaries, sanatoriums, and related facilities — its “war on tuberculosis”, in the reformers’ military terminology – was subject to increasingly anxious inventory and scrutiny. Bulgarian reformers (doctors and hygienists) placed also special emphasis on personal responsibility in the fight against tuberculosis. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s the state started to introduce standards and common bureaucratic rules of social work and centralized the public health care, including the fight against tuberculosis. International models and standards influenced the tuberculosis control policies in Bulgaria – especially the activities of the League of Nations Health Organisation, the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation and the American Near East Foundation.
International Management of Fishery in the Black Sea: Yesterday, Present and Tomorrow
Authors: Belova Gabriela , Bekyashev Damir , Bekyashev Kamil
Published: June 2020

The paper provides geographic and biological information on fisheries in the Black Sea, describes the international legal regime of the Black sea. The norms of international regional agreements on fisheries in the Black sea are analyzed in detail. Special attention is paid to the European Union fishery regulations in the Black Sea. The role and activities of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean in terms of the fisheries management in the Black Sea are analyzed in detail. The results of the High-Level Conference on the Joint Maritime Agenda for the Black Sea (May 2019, Bucharest) were reviewed. The recommendations for improving international legal fisheries management in this sea are made.
The Legacy of the First World War in the Transcaucasia from the Perspectives of the New Humanities
Authors: Gotsiridze George
Published: June 2020

The work discusses the legacy of the First World War - its positive and negative sides - which played an important role in the formation of the world processes in the post-war period and still preserves its viability.The actuality of the problem is backed by the fact that the relationship of the Trans-caucasian countries with the outer world is still problematic nowadays. We witness how the world’s political and economic map is changing and technical-scientific progress is tangible. In the conditions of the accelerated global processes, a general political, economic and cultural area is being formed, and a new world order is being formed with its difficulties, social catastrophes or cataclysms, conflicts, divergence and integration. At this time, it is of utmost importance to analyze historical problems from the past and seek ways to resolve them in the political relations of the South Caucasus, as in their attitude towards the outside world, understanding that unity is a necessary guarantee of strengthening the statehood of each country and that the perception of the Transcaucasia by the rest of the world as a unified political and economic sphere will simplify the Euro - Atlantic integration. The issue is discussed from the new humanitarian perspectives, which gives us the opportunity to determine the national verticals from experience received centuries ago, around which local or regional political consciousness should be unified in order to satisfy the national interests of each country in the Transcaucasia through closer cooperation.
Gender Studies in Azerbaijan in the Context of Epistemological Westernization
Authors: Rahmanzade Shamil
Published: June 2020

The article presents an attempt to outline the development of women's and gender studies in Azerbaijan in the context of the formation of interdisciplinarity in the social sciences and humanities and to identify their methodological significance for historical knowledge. It is especially noted that gender studies as a scientific direction were embedded in the general context of epistemological "Westernization". Gender studies in Azerbaijan practically begun in the second half of the 1990s. It should be admitted that, as in many other post-Soviet republics, the aforementioned studies, as well as the study of gender policy, gender education, did not arise spontaneously, being dictated by the internal needs of society and science, but were exported as an integral part of the “big political project”. It is noted that since 1990, the Department of Problems of Modern Philosophy of the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law of the Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan has been engaged in theoretical analysis and practical application of gender studies. The research interests of Azerbaijani scientists include the study of such issues as gender aspects of socio-economic development, gender quotas and stereotypes, gender factor in politics, features of state policy on women, empowerment of women, etc. Such unfavorable factors as the absence of the feminist movement as a social base for such investigations, the dominance of patriarchal attitudes and the embryonic state of feminist reaction, as well as the tendency of “modernization of patriarchal consciousness” and others are mentioned as adverse social reasons. At the end of the article, separate tasks are formulated that face the nascent gender history of Azerbaijan.
PENERAPAN PERSONAL SELLING PADA STRATEGI PEMASARAN CV SURYA GEMILANG MOTOR (CABANG WULUHAN KABUPATEN JEMBER)
Authors: Sukoco Sampir Andrean , Gustiawan Muhammad Cindika Putra Emas
Published: June 2020

Personal selling merupakan presentasi pribadi oleh seorang sales dengan tujuan melakukan penjualan dan meningkatkan hubungan yang baik dengan para konsumen, baik itu konsumen yang sudah lama maupun konsumen yang masih baru. Sales melakukan komunikasi langsung kepada konsumen dengan menawarkan produknya. Penelitian ini membahas tentang penerapan personal selling yang dilakukan oleh CV Surya Gemilang Motor Cabang Wuluhan dalam menawarkan produk motor honda yang dijual.Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif studi kasus dengan cara mendeskripsikan apa yang dilakukan oleh CV Surya Gemilang Motor Cabang Wuluhan dalam menerapkan personal selling. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan metode purposive, informan untuk penelitian ini berjumlah 3 orang yang dipilih peneliti karena memiliki kompetensi dibidangnya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga cara yaitu Data Condensation, Data Display, dan Conclusion Drawing atau Verifications.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CV Surya Gemilang Motor Cabang Wuluhan menerapkan personal selling pada strategi pemasarannya. Tahap-tahap yang dilakukan adalah memilih dan menilai prospek dengan cara kanvas, melakukan pra pendekatan kepada prospek terlebih dahulu, setelah itu melakukan pendekatan, melaksanakan presentasi/demontrasi kepada prospek tentang keunggulan motor honda, handling objection, melakuan sales closing ketika sudah presentasi/demontrasi, dan juga yang terakhir melakukan follow up kepada prospek.
PROFESIONALITAS PERANGKAT DESA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KANTOR KEPALA DESA BADEAN BANGSALSARI
Authors: Santoso Adi , Okta Revaldi Trio
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan unutk mengetahui sejauhmanakah pengaruh Profesional Perangkat Desa Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Publik yang  bertempat di Kantor Kepala Desa Badean Kecamatan Bangsalsai Kabupeten Jember, Dugaan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Desa Badean Kecamatan Bangsalsari Kabupaten Jember belum memberikan tuntutan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang baik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 16 orang, sedangkan teknik pengambil sampel penelitian ini menggunakan Tekhnik sampel jenus, yaitu sebanyak 16 orang.. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan korelasi statistik parametris, yaitu koefisien korelasi dan analisis regresi linear sederhana dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 16 orang responden, sedangkan taraf signifikansi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebesar 0,05 atau taraf kepercayaan 95%. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Profesional Perangkat Desa mempunyai pengaruh yang kuat dan signifikan serta positif  terhadap kualitas pelayanan Publik pada kantor Kepala Desa Badean Kecamatan Bangsalsari Kabupaten Jember.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DEMOKRATIS, BUDAYA ORGANISASI, MOTIVASI KERJA, DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DI UPT. PUSKESMAS AMBULU
Authors: Makmun Sukron , Rohim Rohim , Khoiriyah Miftahul
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur seberapa besar dampak gaya kepemimpinan demokratis, budaya organisasi, motivasi kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di UPT. Puskesmas Ambulu Kabupaten Jember. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 95 orang, penentuan sampel menggunakan menggunakan teknik sampling acak dan menggunakan rumus Slovin sehingga responden yang diperoleh berjumlah 77 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara pengamatan, menyebar kuesioner dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda.Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel  gaya kepemimpinan demokratis, budaya organisasi, dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan  terhadap kinerja pegawai. Sedangkan variabel lingkungan kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai. Pengujian secara simultan menunjukkan variabel bebas berpengaruh terhadap variabel terikat.
Effect of Cardioselective Beta Blocker on Lisinopril Treated Isolated Rabbit’s Heart
Authors: Abrar Hina , Aftab M. Tariq , Yasin Hina , Qadeer Kiran , Arsalan Adeel , Tabassum Hina , Bano Rahila
Published: June 2020

Background: Certain drugs produce unpredictable responses when used in emergency conditions. These variable outcomes may be harmful or beneficial for the patient.

Objective: This study has been conducted to evaluate the pharmacodynamic interaction between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and metoprolol, a selective blocker of β1 receptors. Cardioselective beta blockers are commonly used to treat hypertension, arrhythmias and ischemic heart disease.

Method: In this study, 20 healthy male rabbits were selected and divided into two groups. Effective dose of Lisinopril (10 mg/kg) was administered orally via oral feeding, for 9 days. By using Langendroff’s technique, the effects of metoprolol were observed in isolated hearts.

Result: The data showed that the effective dose of Lisinopril (10 mg/kg daily orally) increases the inotropic and chronotropic effects of metoprolol significantly (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Therefore, lisinopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme may increase the response of cardioselective beta blocker metoprolol in isolated rabbit’s heart.
Transcatheter closure of perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects: short and medium-term outcome
Authors: Ho Anh Binh
Published: June 2020

Transcatheter closure of perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects: short and medium-term outcome

ABSTRACT
Objective: This study attempted to report the initial results: the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) at Hue Central Hospital with the short and medium-term follow-up.
Methods: From September 2012 to May 2017, a total of 36 patients with perimembranous or muscular VSD underwent an attempt of transcatheter closure at the Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hue Central Hospital.
Results: 14 males and 26 females participated in this study, with the age of 17,29  13.72 and 24.23  12.32 respectively. Among these patients, 19.44% of them were under 6-year-old; 72.22% had perimembranous VSDs, 27.78% had muscular VSDs, and 33.33% had aneurysm. The distance to AV was 5.62 ± 4.32 mm. The device size was 15.31± 8.12 mm. Procedures lasted for 57.17 ± 26.5 min with 15.31± 8.12 min of exposure. The complete closure rates by transthoracic echocardiography after 24 hours, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months (transthoracic) were 94.44%; 94.44% ; 97.22% and 100%, respectively. Mean time of follow-up was 11.92 ± 8.36 (3-38) months. Success rate was 97.22% and no death occurred. There was 1 case of hematuria, lasting 1 month; no Atrioventricular (AV) block.
Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of VSDs is a novel, feasible and safe technique with high success rate (97.22%). The transcather approach provides a less invasive alternative than surgical closure and might become the first choice treatment in selected patients.
Key words: transcatheter closure, ventricular septal defects
The role of human factor and HRM practices in MNCs’ performance in Eastern and Western Europe – a comparative analysis of the research findings
Authors: Stor Marzena , Haromszeki Łukasz
Published: June 2020

The main goal of the paper is to identify, analyze, and compare the relationships between the activities in the field of HRM and performance results of MNCs in Eastern and Western Europe with a view to the value ascribed to human resources as a strategic competitive factor, HRM centralization practices and the importance of HRM knowledge flows between the headquarters (HQ) and their subsidiaries. The research sample covered 200 HQs of MNCs and their local subsidiaries. The empirical research results show that there are some identifiable and statistically significant differences between MNCs operating in Eastern and Western Europe within the range of relationships defined above. Our study, therefore,represents an original effort at examining these relationships.
Identification of features of a green organization based on bibliometric analysis
Authors: Smirnova Juliana
Published: June 2020

As sustainable development has become a priority of today’s global society, more and more organizations in their activities take into account the main directions of sustainable development − the closely interrelated aspects of economic development, social development and environmental development. It can be claimed that sustainable development is one of the essential preconditions for the formation of a green organization. In analysing the concept of a green organization, it is important to identify the essential features of a green organization. Scientific literature provides descriptions of certain components or processes of a green organization, which emphasize some or other aspects of the ‘greenness’ of organizations; however, there is a lack of the identification of a set of features of a green organization. Systematic analysis of scientific literature and bibliometric analysis were applied to identify the set of the essential features of the green organization.
Importance of the organisational success factors according to the organisational characteristics
Authors: Uhabakin Olga , Titov Eneken
Published: June 2020

Every organization strives for success, but it is not easily definable or measurable. The success of the organization must be determined by using different factors, different approaches and methods. The aim of this article is to identify organizational success factors and its’ relationship with organisational main characteristics (size, age, sector). Using an extensive literature review and experts’ assessment (questionnaire), an universal list of success basic factors and characteristics – based factors was created. The originality of the research stands in following that the model takes into account also the “soft” success metrics – bridging the literature focused on the financial factors view and on human-centred factors view on success and this research opens several possibilities for further researches and practical implementations and implications.
The Ups and Downs of Accreting X-Ray Pulsars: Decade-long Observations with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
Authors: Malacaria C. , Jenke P. , Roberts O. J. , Wilson-Hodge C. A. , Cleveland W. H. , Mailyan B. ,   on behalf of the GBM Accreting Pulsars Program Team
Published: June 2020

We review more than 10 yr of continuous monitoring of accreting X-ray pulsars with the all-sky Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Our work includes data from the start of GBM operations in 2008 August, through to 2019 November. Pulsations from 39 accreting pulsars are observed over an energy range of 10–50 keV by GBM. The GBM Accreting Pulsars Program performs data reduction and analysis for each accreting pulsar and makes histories of the pulse frequency and pulsed flux publicly available. We examine in detail the spin histories, outbursts, and torque behaviors of the persistent and transient X-ray pulsars observed by GBM. The spin period evolution of each source is analyzed in the context of disk-accretion and quasi-spherical settling accretion-driven torque models. Long-term pulse frequency histories are also analyzed over the GBM mission lifetime and compared to those available from the previous Burst and Transient Source Experiment all-sky monitoring mission, revealing previously unnoticed episodes in some of the analyzed sources (such as a torque reversal in 2S 1845−024). We obtain new, or update known, orbital solutions for three sources. Our results demonstrate the capabilities of GBM as an excellent instrument for monitoring accreting X-ray pulsars and its important scientific contribution to this field.
On the Power to Constrain the Accretion History of Massive Black Holes via Spin Measurements by Upcoming X-Ray Telescopes
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Lu Youjun , Wang Dandan , Fang Taotao
Published: June 2020

The spin distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) contains rich information on their assembly history. However, only limited information can be extracted from currently available spin measurements of MBHs owing to the small sample size and large measurement uncertainties. Upcoming X-ray telescopes with improved spectral resolution and larger effective area are expected to provide new insights into the growth history of MBHs. Here we investigate, at a proof of concept level, how stringent constraints can be placed on the accretion history of MBHs by the spin measurements from future X-ray missions. We assume a toy model consisting of a two-phase accretion history composed of an initial coherent phase with a constant disk orientation, followed by a chaotic phase with random disk orientations in each accretion episode. By utilizing mock spin data generated from such models and performing Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations, we find that most accretion models of MBHs can be reconstructed provided that

MBH spins are measured with an accuracy of

. We also quantify the precision of the reconstructed parameters by adopting various combinations of sample sizes and spin accuracies, and find that the sample size is more crucial to model reconstruction once the spin accuracy reaches ∼0.1. To some extent, a better spin accuracy will compensate for a small sample size and vice versa. Future X-ray missions such as the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics and the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission, may provide spin measurements of ≳100 MBHs with an uncertainty of ∼0.04–0.1 and will thus put strong constraints on the MBH growth history.
HST Survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster in the H2O 1.4 μm Absorption Band. II. The Substellar IMF Down to Planetary Masses*
Authors: Gennaro Mario , Robberto Massimo
Published: June 2020

We utilize the ability of the Hubble Space Telescope to probe near-infrared water absorption present in the atmosphere of low-mass stars and brown-dwarf and planetary-mass objects to create a pure sample of Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) members, not affected by contamination from background stars and galaxies that lack water absorption. Thanks to these data, we infer the Initial Mass Function (IMF) of the ONC in the 0.005–1.4M
⊙ regime (i.e., down to a few Jupiter masses). The young age of the ONC, ∼1 Myr, provides a snapshot of the outcome of star formation for the present-day conditions (metallicity, temperature, pressure) of typical Milky Way disk molecular clouds. We demonstrate that the IMF of the ONC is well described by either a log-normal function or a broken power law, with parameter values qualitatively in agreement with the canonical Chabrier or Kroupa forms for the Milky Way disk IMF. This continuity in the mass distribution provides clues to the fact that the same physical processes may be regulating the formation of stars, brown dwarfs, and planetary-mass objects. Both the canonical IMF forms underpredict the observed number of very-low-mass members (below 0.1 M
⊙), a regime where our data allows more precise constraints. Nevertheless, we do not observe a rise or secondary peak in the brown dwarfs or planetary-mass regimes. Our study thus contradicts findings based on broadband near-infrared ground-based photometry, which predict an extremely high number of free-floating planets, but likely suffer from unaccounted background contamination.
A new species of Cincticostella (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae) from China
Authors: Auychinda Chonlakran , Murányi Dávid , Li Weihai , Sartori Michel , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: June 2020

Cincticostella tornata, a new species of Ephemerellidae, is described from China. It belongs to the insolta-species group and is closely related to C. femorata. It is hitherto only known from its type locality in central China, more than 1000 km northern to the known distribution of C. femorata. In addition, the COI barcode of the new species is provided.
In silico analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and insights into antibody binding
Authors: Padilla-Sanchez Victor
Published: June 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Since then, COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a rapidly spreading pandemic that has reached most countries in the world. So far, there are no vaccines or therapeutics to fight this virus. Here, I present an in silico analysis of the virus spike glycoprotein (recently determined at atomic resolution) and provide insights into how antibodies against the 2002 virus SARS-CoV might be modified to neutralize SARS-CoV-2. I ran docking experiments with Rosetta Dock to determine which substitutions in the 80R and m396 antibodies might improve the binding of these to SARS-CoV-2 and used molecular visualization and analysis software, including UCSF Chimera and Rosetta Dock, as well as other bioinformatics tools, including SWISS-MODEL. Supercomputers, including Bridges Large, Stampede and Frontera, were used for macromolecular assemblies and large scale analysis and visualization.
Relire la méthode d’Ivan Illich. Cheminer vers des sciences « humaines » ?
Authors: Souchier Emmanuël
Published: June 2020

La méthode d’Illich consiste à se défaire des présupposés qui imprègnent l’usage des mots et des sens et déconstruit les cadres instituants qui déterminent notre façon de penser et de mener la recherche. Les travaux d’Illich sur les « cadres oculaires » qui ont historiquement façonné le regard sont comparés à ceux de H.‑Ch. Puech sur la conception du temps chez les chrétiens et les Grecs anciens et à ceux de C. Magni sur l’espace dans l’écriture olmèque. Illich dessine étymologiquement sa méthode comme un chemin qui se fait en marchant et cherche à renouer avec une « lecture savoureuse et jouissive » et « la fonction conviviale du langage ». Il développe une poïét(h)ique attentive à la langue et l’écriture de l’autre, déployant une éthique scientifique à travers « un chemin d’amitié » qui passe par l’ascèse, cet exercice qui définit le travail du chercheur. Lequel passe par une injonction poïétique , créativité terminologique au service de la clarté des textes donnés à lire au lecteur. N’est-ce pas d’une éthique et de valeurs aussi clairement redéfinies dont a cruellement besoin la recherche contemporaine ?
L’écologie sonore d’Illich. Une méthode critique pour le matérialisme numérique ?
Authors: Gras Stéphan-Eloïse
Published: June 2020

À partir d’une analyse de la place du sens de l’écoute dans la technocritique d’Illich, l’auteure observe comment les technologies de l’écoute en ligne contribuent à façonner un régime sensoriel numérique. Tandis que le son et la musique deviennent de plus en plus prédominants dans nos interactions avec des « machines imitant les comportements humains », la méthode d’Illich permet de mettre en évidence une écologie sensorielle qui révèle la capture de nos attentions en ligne. En s’intéressant au streaming musical et à des artefacts comme le player, les algorithmes de recommandation ou les logiciels de reconnaissance d’affects, il est possible de contempler les tensions théologiques du matérialisme numérique.
Le Développement du langage de production en français (DLPF) entre 18 et 42 mois : une synthèse
Authors: Bassano Dominique , Labrell Florence , Bonnet Philippe
Published: June 2020

La période qui s’étend de un an à quatre ans environ est cruciale pour l’acquisition du langage oral, que l’enfant met en place en intégrant les trois dimensions fondamentales du lexique, de la grammaire et de la pragmatique émergente. Or il existe en français peu d’outils permettant d’évaluer ou d’analyser le développement du langage durant la prime enfance, et peu de recherches donnant une vision d’ensemble de cette période. Tel est l’objectif de l’étude de référence du DLPF réalisée auprès de 517 enfants de 18 à 42 mois et ciblant conjointement les trois domaines langagiers. Nous avons mis cette étude à disposition du public dans un ouvrage très complet aux Archives ouvertes HAL (Bassano, Labrell, & Bonnet, 2020). Le présent article vise à fournir une synthèse de ce travail.
Le Crédit mobilier avant la suprématie des Pereire
Authors: Greenfield Jérôme
Published: June 2020

Les historiens ont souvent souligné l’importance des frères Pereire dans la révolution bancaire en France, et surtout dans la fondation du Crédit mobilier. Une innovation d’échelle, ce dernier est largement une création de banquiers établis, particulièrement de Benoît Fould. En utilisant de nouvelles sources, cet article réévalue le rôle de Fould dans la fondation du Crédit mobilier, et place cette institution dans le contexte des développements bancaires en Europe au milieu du xix e  siècle. En faisant cela, il démontre des continuités qui existent entre la monarchie de Juillet et le Second Empire en matière d’économie politique et de finance.
Essai de toponymie des piscines publiques françaises : un patrimoine urbain dénommé entre mémoires et territoires (1884-2018)
Authors: Auvray Emmanuel
Published: June 2020

À partir d’un corpus composé de 2 763 piscines, cette étude vise à formaliser (1884-2018) la toponymie des piscines publiques françaises. Du triomphe de l’esprit républicain à la République insignifiante, la parole d’autorité les a continuellement baptisées en sélectionnant des anthroponymes plutôt masculins que féminins. En regard de l’évolution de l’urbanisation, de la décentralisation et de la prise en compte des nouvelles demandes en matière d’activités aquatiques, les édiles procèdent à de nouveaux choix toponymiques autour de variations onomastiques et de théonymes féminins. Les caractéristiques environnementales de leur implantation l’emportent alors sur la mémoire et l’histoire sous l’effet conjugué de la décentralisation et du marketing commercial.
L’artiste en historien amateur
Authors: Méaux Danièle
Published: June 2020

L’œuvre de Bruno Goosse Classement diagonal exemplifie la tendance qui consiste, pour certains artistes contemporains, à entreprendre des enquêtes proches des recherches menées en sciences humaines, et particulièrement en histoire. Au travers d’une démarche spécifique, Classement diagonal questionne les processus de valorisation, de conservation et de patrimonialisation diversifiés qui ont affecté le champ de bataille de Waterloo, depuis 1815. L’exploration minutieuse conduite par Bruno Goosse pendant près de trois années a autorisé trois formes de présentation – une installation, un livre, une conférence – qui, chacune à leur manière et non sans humour, font progresser la réflexion sur les mécanismes et les enjeux de la patrimonialisation, comme sur le régime d’historicité qui est celui de notre époque. L’artiste belge, s’il s’attelle à une étude historique, ne le fait pas en savant, affublé d’une autorité institutionnelle ou d’une accréditation universitaire, mais en amateur. Cette situation inconfortable lui permet d’interroger les idées reçues quant aux délimitations des arts et de la science, de la raison et de l’imagination, de la forme et du fond…
Vers une poésie commune ? Les poètes amateurs de Twitter, Instagram et Wattpad
Authors: Belin Olivier
Published: June 2020

Les poètes actifs sur Twitter, Instagram ou Wattpad proposent une nouvelle forme de poésie commune. À l’écart des pratiques avant-gardistes, ces amateurs reprennent des formes poétiques éprouvées (vers, rime, haïku) en les adaptant aux espaces d’écriture que les sites mettent à leur disposition. On assiste ainsi à une floraison de micropoésie sur Twitter, à un reformatage graphique et nostalgique du poème sur Instagram, et à une construction collective du lyrisme sur Wattpad. En enrichissant les textes de contenus multimédias, les amateurs contribuent aussi à détacher la poésie de la textualité. En retour, le média numérique contribue à redéfinir le sujet poétique, entre affirmation et effacement de soi.
Productivité littéraire de l’archive amateure : le cas de l’archive fan
Authors: Lata Marion
Published: June 2020

À partir de l’exemple du site Archive of Our Own, je m’intéresse au modèle de l’archive de fanfiction dans ce qu’il a de fécond, aussi bien sur le plan théorique que sur celui de la création de textes. À la fois espace de conservation, de production et de réception, l’archive fan se structure selon un principe de prolifération qui la distingue des répertoires officiels ayant tenté, au fil des années, de fixer le profil de ce que serait la « littérature numérique ». C’est en interrogeant cette distinction que l’on peut faire émerger les traits qui font de ce type d’archive une archive « ouverte » : la labilité de l’autorité et la réversibilité des rôles littéraires traditionnels, une prise de distance avec le principe sélectif et un usage mémoriel des textes participent à construire l’archive amateure comme lieu d’autodésignation au vocabulaire fluide. Placé au centre du propos, le concept d’« archive rouée » développé par Abigail De Kosnik permettra de mobiliser à nouveaux frais la réflexion derridienne sur l’archive et sa démocratisation.
Les lignes brisées de l’art. Diderot et Baudelaire devant la peinture
Authors: Kremer Nathalie
Published: June 2020

Dans leurs écrits sur l’art, Diderot et Baudelaire montrent comment les lignes des tableaux dirigent l’œil pour générer un intérêt, voire un choc déclencheur d’une expérience esthétique lorsqu’elles sont brisées. Les rides, fissures, plis qui rompent l’harmonie des figures sont pour Diderot une source profonde d’émotion, tandis que la ligne serpentine est de préférence infléchie en arabesque par Baudelaire. À leur façon, le philosophe et le poète montrent ainsi comment la pensée esthétique moderne se nourrit de ces désordres et irrégularités de l’art en redéfinissant le beau idéal classique en une brisure de l’idéal.
Loi de Wagner et politiques culturelles : les vertus du bras armé
Authors: Cartigny Pierre , Champarnaud Luc
Published: June 2020

Dans cet article, nous comparons les performances dynamiques de deux modèles d’intervention publique dans le secteur culturel : un ministère centralisé « à la française » et une organisation en agences dites du bras armé (arm’s length), d’inspiration britannique. Nous étudions les solutions d’un jeu dynamique où, par hypothèse, les agences sont susceptibles de mieux résister à la loi de Wagner qu’un régulateur central, car elles peuvent se désengager des projets de financement public et se rapprocher ainsi de la dynamique optimale. Le comportement non coopératif des agences crée des biais stratégiques mais le régulateur central peut partiellement les corriger. Le problème de la qualité est également abordé.
Anatomie d’un paradoxe : « Pour les femmes », selon Charles Estienne (1553)
Authors: Cazes Hélène
Published: June 2020

La lecture du paradoxe 24 du recueil publié par Charles Estienne, en 1553, de la traduction française des Paradossi d’Ortensio Lando (première publication à Lyon, en 1543) ne laisse pas d’être mystérieuse : Charles Estienne signe comme éditeur et non comme auteur le volume de 1553, les lecteurs contemporains l’interprètent tantôt comme une collection d’exercices scolaires tantôt comme un livre facétieux. Surtout, faut-il voir dans les libertés du traducteur un retournement des lieux communs contre les femmes et une parodie des textes misogynes qui ponctuent la « Querelle des femmes » ? Ou faut-il y lire la continuation de cette tradition rhétorique ? Outre l’indécision interprétative des paradoxes sérieux-comiques humanistes, la nouvelle structure du paradoxe, dans son adaptation française et sa réflexivité invitent à confronter ce texte à d’autres exposés de Charles Estienne sur les femmes. Les congruences thématiques et lexicales, relevées également chez les héritiers directs de Charles Estienne, et Nicole Estienne et son époux Jean Liebault, suggèrent que Charles Estienne est bien l’auteur de la traduction et qu’il joue avec le pacte du paradoxe pour proposer une défense des femmes.