bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of 3-D spherical shell thermal convection results at low to moderate Rayleigh number using ASPECT (version 2.2.0) and CitcomS (version 3.3.1)
Authors: Euen Grant T. , Liu Shangxin , Gassmöller Rene , Heister Timo , King Scott D.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Due to the increasing availability of high-performance computing over the past few decades, numerical models have become an important tool for research in geodynamics.
Several generations of mantle convection software have been developed, but due to their differing methods and increasing complexity it is important to evaluate the accuracy of each new model generation to ensure published geodynamic research is reliable and reproducible.
Here we explore the accuracy of the open-source, finite-element codes ASPECT and CitcomS as a function of mesh spacing using low to moderate-Rayleigh-number models in steady-state thermal convection.
ASPECT (Advanced Solver for Problems in Earth's ConvecTion) is a new-generation mantle convection code that enables modeling global mantle convection with realistic parameters and complicated physical processes using adaptive mesh refinement (Kronbichler et al., 2012; Heister et al., 2017).
We compare the ASPECT results with calculations from the finite-element code CitcomS (Zhong et al., 2000; Tan et al., 2006; Zhong et al., 2008), which has a long history of use in the geodynamics community.
We find that the globally averaged quantities, i.e., root-mean-square (rms) velocity, mean temperature, and Nusselt number at the top and bottom of the shell, agree to within 1 % (and often much better) for calculations with sufficient mesh resolution.
We also show that there is excellent agreement of the time evolution of both the rms velocity and the Nusselt numbers between the two codes for otherwise identical parameters.
Based on our results, we are optimistic that similar agreement would be achieved for calculations performed at the convective vigor expected for Earth, Venus, and Mars.
Implementation of a machine-learned gas optics parameterization in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System: RRTMGP-NN 2.0
Authors: Ukkonen Peter , Hogan Robin J.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Radiation schemes are physically important but computationally expensive components of weather and climate models. This has spurred efforts to replace them with a cheap emulator based on neural networks (NNs), obtaining large speed-ups, but at the expense of accuracy, energy conservation and generalization. An alternative approach, which is slower but more robust than full emulation, is to use NNs to predict optical properties but keep the radiative transfer equations. Recently, NNs were developed to replace the RRTMGP (Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for General circulation model applications–Parallel) gas optics scheme and shown to be accurate while improving speed. However, the evaluations were based solely on offline radiation computations. In this paper, we describe the implementation and prognostic evaluation of RRTMGP-NN in the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The new gas optics scheme was incorporated into ecRad, the modular ECMWF radiation scheme. Using two new methods to improve accuracy – a hybrid loss function designed to reduce radiative forcing errors and an early stopping method based on monitoring fluxes and heating rates with respect to a line-by-line benchmark – we train NN models on RRTMGP k distributions with reduced spectral resolutions. Offline evaluation of the new NN gas optics, RRTMGP-NN 2.0, shows a very high level of accuracy for clear-sky fluxes and heating rates. For instance, the RMSE in the shortwave surface downwelling flux is 0.78 W m−2 for RRTMGP and 0.80 W m−2 for RRTMGP-NN in a present-day scenario, while upwelling flux errors are actually smaller for the NN. Because our approach does not affect the treatment of clouds, no additional errors will be introduced for cloudy profiles. RRTMGP-NN closely reproduces radiative forcings for five important greenhouse gases across a wide range of concentrations such as 8×CO2. To assess the impact of different gas optics schemes in the IFS, four 1-year coupled ocean–atmosphere simulations were performed for each configuration. The results show that RRTMGP-NN and RRTMGP produce very similar model climates, with the differences being smaller than those between existing schemes and statistically insignificant for zonal means of single-level quantities such as surface temperature. The use of RRTMGP-NN speeds up ecRad by a factor of 1.5 compared to RRTMGP (the gas optics being almost 3 times faster) and is also faster than the older and less accurate RRTMG, which is used in the current operational cycle of the IFS.
Exploring teachers’ and students’ efficacy in the teaching and learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   , Alkhairi Ahmad Hassan
Published: June 2023

This qualitative case study explored teaching and learning practices of English-as-a-Foreign Language (EFL) in the school context in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study is underpinned by Bandura’s (1977, 1986) triadic reciprocal causation model, derived from his Social Cognitive Theory. In particular, the research focused on the teacher-efficacy of Saudi EFL teachers and the self-efficacy of students learning the English language. The approach of the research explores self-efficacy through a qualitative method.
Understanding the chemistry of juice degradation during evaporation in raw sugar manufacture
Authors:   , Marasinghege Chalani
Published: June 2023

Australian sugar factories designed to achieve high levels of energy efficiency experience substantial juice degradation in evaporator units (from high temperature and long residence time) that results in low sugar yields and quality, corrosion of equipment and causes significant financial loss. This thesis provides an extensive study into understanding the chemistry aspects of sugarcane juice degradation during evaporation and defining practical strategies to reduce the subsequent impacts of these degradation processes. The major findings included identifying key operational and compositional parameters that increase sucrose degradation, and developing new juice clarification process and pH control process to minimise sucrose degradation.
El viaje de lo escrito para el gobierno de la caridad: nobleza y modelos hospitalarios en la Corona de Castilla de los siglos XV y XVI
Authors: Villagrasa-Elías Raúl
Published: June 2023

Juan Téllez Girón transformó urbanísticamente la villa de Osuna durante la primera mitad del siglo XVI. Incorporó en su programa constructivo y devocional el hospital de la Encarnación, demostrando un alto grado de implicación en la reforma de la caridad, lo que también se manifestó en otras poblaciones de su estado señorial como Peñafiel. Lo más destacable de la fundación ursaonense fue la utilización de distintos modelos hospitalarios peninsulares (Burgos, Toledo, Sevilla y Palma del Río) y extranjeros (Santo Espíritu de Roma) para formalizar la base jurídica de la nueva institución. Ordenanzas y privilegios fueron enviados desde diferentes localidades trazando con su movimiento una enmarañada madeja de relaciones y conexiones que pueden rastrearse gracias al archivo nobiliario y un análisis histórico y paleográfico de sus diplomas.
El arte de fundir campanas: un oficio del Antiguo Régimen y su actividad vista desde la Iglesia de El Salvador de Simancas (1545-1798)
Authors: Palacios Sanz José Ignacio
Published: June 2023

Partiendo de la amplia documentación consultada, hemos estudiado la evolución de la torre románica de la iglesia de El Salvador de Simancas (Valladolid), incluidas sus campanas y reloj. También, se analizan los trabajos de los maestros arquitectos, fundidores y relojeros, así como el mantenimiento de todos estos elementos en un periodo fructífero, el Antiguo Régimen, a cargo de carpinteros, herreros y mercaderes. Sin duda esta torre con sus bronces y tañidos han sido una constante en la vida cotidiana de esta población y un referente dentro del ámbito de la provincia de Valladolid, y Castilla y León.
El inventario de una vida de Palacio. María de Córdoba y Aragón como dama de la reina Ana de Austria
Authors: García Prieto Elisa
Published: June 2023

Con esta propuesta queremos acercarnos al estudio del testamento e inventario de bienes de doña María de Córdoba y Aragón, dama de la reina Ana de Austria. El análisis del documento nos permite, no sólo introducirnos en la materialidad de la vida cortesana en la España de Felipe II, sino también entender cómo los objetos nos permiten captar la individualidad de esta criada así como su experiencia cortesana y el cumplimiento de los fines asociados a su puesto áulico.
The influence of chitosan on the raspberry quality during the storage process
Authors: Blahopoluchna Anastasiia , Mushtruk Mikhailo , Slobodyanyuk Nataliia , Liakhovska Nelia , Parakhnenko Vladyslav , Udodov Sergiy , Karpovych Inna , Ochkolyas Olena , Omelian Alina , Rzhevsky Gennadiy
Published: June 2023

Raspberry is a perishable berry raw material with a high capacity for mechanical and microbiological damage, and therefore, after harvesting, it is necessary to use appropriate technologies to preserve its quality and extend the storage time. This work aimed to study the influence of different concentrations of chitosan solutions on the quality and duration of storage of raspberries under refrigerating conditions. Raspberries were picked at the consumer maturity stage in perforated plastic containers with a capacity of 500 grams. The berries were processed by spraying with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% chitosan solution, then removing residual moisture. The storage was carried out for twelve days in a refrigerating chamber at a temperature of 2 °С and relative humidity of 95%. The research was performed according to the physical, chemical, and organoleptic indicators, determining the changes in the mass fraction of ascorbic acid, the mass fraction of sugars during storage, taste, aroma, colour, etc. consistency and appearance at the end of storage. It was found that the loss of ascorbic acid in the processed berries was 1.5-3.9 times less than in the reference sample. A similar situation was observed with the mass fraction of sugars, which prevailed 0.9-2.5 times in the processed samples. According to the organoleptic indicators, the samples with a solution concentration of 1.0% and 2.0% were recognized as the best. According to the results of experimental investigations, it was established that pre-processing of berries with chitosan solutions is a promising method to slow down unwanted metabolic processes that take place after harvesting.
Answer to the “Short remarks on the “Tectonic subdivision schemes application in field work – an example of the Western Sredna Gora subzone” by I. Zagorchev
Authors: Vangelov Dian , Gerdjikov Ianko
Published: June 2023

We are grateful to Academician Zagorchev for the remarks and questions, which create a suitable basis for creative discussions, missing during the last years in almost dying out “Regional and structural geology” field of research. In fact, we wanted to initiate
comments, which is why the “Discussion” part of our short communication was so long. Addressing some of the criticism, we would like
to remind that the topic of this short paper is to outline the handicaps of tectonic schemes application during the field work and discrepancy
with the field data and the published information on the base of an example from the Western Sredna gora sub-zone. We did not intend to
make complete analysis of all available data, and something more, that is not possible in the format of Geosciences editions.
Corpo, espaço e criação artística na pandemia
Authors: Pessoa Frederico
Published: June 2023

Este artigo discute as relações entre o corpo, o espaço, a criação artística e a pandemia causada pela Covid-19, partindo da experiência de confinamento e como essas categorias se vêem imbricadas por essa situação e modificadas em suas articulações a partir dessa necessidade de isolamento social e permanência no espaço restrito de nossos lares. Serão abordados o espaço de convivência (espaço público ou da comunalidade), o espaço doméstico e o espaço virtual, discutindo como esses espaços integram a experiência de ser, estar e criar, e impactam as redes de afetação, criação e visibilidade artística.
Vidas negras entre artes, ciências e filosofias
Authors: Gadelha José Juliano
Published: June 2023

Este artigo atravessa algumas fronteiras entre artes, ciências, filosofias e vidas negras para uma práxis ético-política da alteridade radical. O artigo conceitua e descreve certas políticas coloniais de acusação não como ataques voluntaristas de determinados sujeitos sobre os outros, e, sim, como ações estruturalmente arquitetadas no racismo e reproduzidas pelos sujeitos presos à imaginação colonial. Nos rastros dessa imaginação e atento às escritas anticoloniais/de(s)coloniais/pós-coloniais, o artigo analisa o cinismo de controle como estratégia coletiva de mascaramento dessas políticas em que o cinismo deixa de corresponder a uma mera questão de caráter particular, evidenciando-o como sistema afetivo, simbólico e material. O texto aposta em uma crítica e uma prática para além da ontologia e seus ideais humanistas como maneira de atravessar violências ontoepistemológicas sem sermos capturados/capturadas por elas.
Todo sea para el Desarollo
Authors: Casas Regina Martinez
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo se presentan algunos de los resultados de un proyecto colectivo de investigación que buscó explorar la dinámica lingüística en el Sur del estado de Veracruz, en México, marcada por el contacto entre comunidades asentadas en esa región. En particular presentaré el caso de comunidades chinantecas que fueron reacomodadas desde Oaxaca en varios municipios de la cuenca del Papaloapan en los últimos cuarenta años. Para el trabajo de campo de realizaron entrevistas biográficas, observación participante, investigación de archivo y cuestionarios sociolingüísticos con la finalidad de contar con una base de datos amplia que permitiera reconstruir el proceso de reacomodo y la conformación de las nuevas comunidades, así como aquellos elementos sociales y culturales que fueron resignificados en el proceso de esta migración forzada justificada en aras del desarrollo regional y nacional.
Extraction and Quantification of Ano Rectal Formulation by UV-LC Techniques
Authors: Kumudhavalli M. V. , S. Sangeetha , Alexander S. , Shivananthan R. , Venkateswarlu B. S. , Kumar M.
Published: June 2023

Suppositories very popular formulations and are currently used therapeutically all over the world. Especially in pediatrics, where they can be used for the effective lowering of high fever accomplished with seizure. The choice of a suppository as the mode of drug delivery system in all cases even in infants when oral delivery is impossible, that is an unconscious or vomiting patient, or in the case of infants. Therefore, the quality control study of this dosage form with a modern instrumental analytical technique is highly desired. In consequence of the increased application of suppositories, there is a current demand for a rapid, effective analytical methods required for routine analysis. The literature search revealed that methods for the UV and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of DZP are very rare.Thereforethe aim of the present research was to develop and validate a suitable general sample preparation and chromatography method for suppositories containing DZP. The primary method (I) is based on UV Spectroscopy. UV spectra of Diazepam are recorded. The secondary method is based on the Reverse phase HPLC method was developed. The UV detector was operated at 286nm. After method development the proposed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The developed method was accurate and precise which shows the evident from the analytical data and recovery studies. The analytical results were in good and it complies with the label claims.
Proficient protocol for synthesis of Quinoline and Pyrazole derivatives using greener reagent: Glycerol
Authors: R. Pahelkar Akshata , K. Bhadke Priyanka , B. Bhagat Saket , N. Telvekar Vikas
Published: June 2023

A forthright, effectual and more viable catalyst-free method has been developed for the synthesis of quinolone and pyrazole ring system in glycerol to achieve yields that were equivalent to or better than, those in conventional media. It is notable that the reaction was exclusively carried out in glycerol–acetic acid system, representing methodology is highly valuable from both environmental and economic points of view
Formulation and Characterization of Two Nystatin Lozenge Formulations as a New Pharmaceutical Dosage form in The Syrian Market
Authors: H. Alghanem Suhail , N. Ibraheem Dimah , M. Mansour Basem , N. Shraiba Aktham
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to prepare Nystatin lozenges (suitable for many age categories, easy to administrate and preferable in many medical cases) using a variety of excipients, then evaluate these formulations In vitro to select the best one for later use to treat Candida Albicans ( the cause of oral candidiasis). Two formulations were prepared, in F1 (only Arabic gum was used) while in F2 (Arabic gum with propylene glycol were used). A comparison was performed to evaluate the two formulations. The results of our comparison indicated that the F2 formula was the best (disintegrating time: 21.37±0.88 min, Td = 40.59 min is the time required to release 63.2% of the Nystatin content). Nystatin is released from the F2 formulation according to zero order kinetics (linearity between the amount of drug released with time).
Conjunctival inclusion cyst emerging from a pterygium
Authors:   Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rabat, Morocco., Saoiabi Yahya
Published: June 2023

A 35 year old female presented with a painless swelling of the left eye, with foreign body sensation, and an aesthetic concern.
Massive jugular foramen schwanoma revealed by the hypogloss paralysis
Authors:   Residence Jnane Pasteur, Boulevard Abdelmoumen, Casablanca, Morocco., Ibtissam Larhrabli
Published: June 2023

Jugular foramen schwannomas are a rare event with an estimated 200 cases reported in the literature. These tumors represent only 2.9% to 4% of all intracranial schwannomas and less than 1% of all temporal bone lesions [1,2].
Prediction of nomophobia based on shyness, loneliness and anxiety in Shiraz teenagers
Authors:   Payamnoor University, Tehran, Iran., Bordbar Fariba Tabe
Published: June 2023

Background: Various factors can be associated with nomophobia in teenagers due to their sensitive age during puberty. Establishing effective communication and social relations is one of the most important concerns for teenagers and young people.
Erdheim-Chester disease with a late onset cardiovascular manifestations: A case report
Authors:   Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shahriar, Tehran, Iran., Bahman Rasuli
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is an uncommon non Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Bilateral symmetric sclerosis of the long bones and probable multiorgan involvement are the main manifestations of this condition. Here, we report a case of ECD showing diffuse thickening of the aorta’s entire wall and pericardial effusion.
Successful treatment of advanced prostate cancer patient with moderate to severe COVID-19 infection: A case report and review of the literature
Authors:   Shiraz University of Medical Science Zand Avenue, Namazi Hospital, Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Iran, Haghighat Shirin
Published: June 2023

Background: A novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS CoV2) discovered in late December 2019 in China and spread across the world rapidly. Cancer patients are among the more vulnerable population to severe COVID 19 infection.
Extranodal NK/T-Cell lymphoma with Behcet’s syndrome: A case report
Authors:   Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Su Jiang
Published: June 2023

Extranodal natural killer cell (NK) T cell lymphoma (ENKL) is a rare type of non Hodgkins lymphoma, accounting for 5% 10% of total NHL cases.
The effect of dyssynchrony on hemodynamics after pacemaker implantation
Authors:   University of Medicine, Kajii cho 465, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo ku, Kyoto 602 8566, Japan, Yamano Michiyo
Published: June 2023

We analyzed the correlation between Left Ventricular (LV) contraction and right ventricular pacing position via longitudinal strain on 2 dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a patient underwent permanent pacemaker implantation and developed pacemaker induced cardiomyopathy
Erythematous candidiasis white patches on tongue: A rare clinical image
Authors:   Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India, Mendhe Deeplata
Published: June 2023

We are presenting a case of an 35 years old male; He came to the department of oral medicine with chief complaint of burning sensation in the mouth from last 1 month, white patch on tongue and lips and loss of taste
Clinical outcomes of stapled hemorrhoidopexy using a novel three-row stapler for grade III/IV hemorrhoids: A single-center experience with literature review
Authors:   Peshant House Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Kazi M Sadiq
Published: June 2023

Background: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is recognized as one of the transformative minimally invasive treatments for grade III IV hemorrhoids, refractory to conservative management. The current evidence on the clinical use of the novel circular hemorrhoidopexy stapler is sparse
Malignant ascites with irreducible pelvic organ prolapse
Authors:   City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA, Hadadianpour Shiva
Published: June 2023

wo women with gastrointestinal malignancies leading to increased abdominal pressure from their copious ascites presented with irreducible pelvic organ prolapse.
Study of Factors Influencing Consumers to adopt EVs (Electric Vehicles)
Authors: Wongsunopparat Sumas , Cherian Peter
Published: June 2023

Statista market forecast has shown that revenue in the Electric Vehicles market is projected to reach US$457.60bn in 2023. Revenue is expected to show an annual growth rate (CAGR 2023-2027) of 17.02%, resulting in a projected market volume of US$858.00bn by 2027. Electric vehicles are gaining popularity and market share. In Q2 2022, EV sales accounted for 5.6% of the total auto market (up from 2.7% in Q2 of 2021). Clean energy and improved performance are driving people to make the switch to electric. Government incentives continue to buttress the future of all things electric. Between today and 2050, the electric vehicle market opportunity is slated to rise to $53 trillion. Additionally, global electricity demand in that same year is projected to increase by 27% even though KPMG reports in December 2022 that automotive executives are less bullish than they were last year about the adoption of electric vehicles. The survey found 76% are concerned that inflation and high interest rates will adversely affect their business in 2023. For the U.S., the median expectation for EV sales was 35% of the new vehicle market by 2030 — down from 65% a year earlier.The purpose of this research is to study factors influencing consumer to adopt Electric Vehicles. These factors include seven independent variables: Mileage (ML), Battery (BA), Charge station (CS), Price (PR), Maintenance (MT), At-home charger (HC), Government policy (GP), Promotion (PM), Brand (BR) and one dependent variable: Consumer Factor (CF). 387 sample were collected using electronic questionnaire through social media. We used Structural Equation Models (SEM) for data analysis. The result shows that since the RMSEA, which is an absolute fit index that assesses how far our hypothesized model is from a perfect model, for this model is .04 (<.05) which strongly indicates a “close fit” and the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) value is .913 (>.90), the model seems to fit well according to the descriptive measures of fit. More importantly, Battery (BA), Charge station (CS), Price (PR), At-home charger (HC), Government policy (GP), and Brand (BR) are significantly defined as key success factors of electric vehicles (EV) from the consumer’s perspective due to their p-values are all less than .05. That means if these significant factors are taken good care of from having branded EV with quality battery at a competitive price offering with more charge stations available both in public and at home, all of which are deeply supported by government policy to encourage people to switch over to EV ASAP, EV will become much more successful and widely adopted from consumer standpoint much faster than what has been happening so far.
Musicality of Plays by A. P. Chekhov and G. M. Musirepov
Authors: Zhumsakbayev Aman T. , Nurgali Kadisha R. , Aimukhambet Zhanat A.
Published: June 2023

The dramaturgy of Musirepov and Chekhov is very closely related to music. The writers understood that with the help of music, the problems posed by playwrights acquire philosophical depth, images and situations are voiced, and the composition of a play is built. The study of the musicality of Chekhov and Musirepov’s plays is an urgent problem for both Russian and Kazakh literature. To analyze the musicality of their plays, various methods of scientific knowledge were used. Particular attention is paid to the study of the sound of musical instruments in Chekhov and Kazakh drama. Guitar, piano, flute, and dombra are designed to create a unique atmosphere and enhance psychologism. Thus, musical motives not only have an auxiliary function, but they, along with dialogues, are an integral and equal part of the dramatic structure. The analysis of the role of music in the plays of Chekhov and Musirepov can be used to study the creativity of the authors. This work can be used by teachers and students of higher educational institutions to study the musicality of plays during lectures and practical classes.
تصور مقترح لترسيخ قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى القيادات التربوية الإدارية والإشرافية في اليمن
Authors: البعداني فؤاد محمد قايد , الجماعي مجيب علي
Published: June 2023

هدف البحث إلى تقديم تصور مقترح لترسيخ قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى العاملين التربويين في اليمن من القيادات الإدارية والإشرافية، واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بشقيه المسحي والتطويري والاستبانة أداةً لجمع البيانات، وتكون مجتمع البحث من جميع العاملين في إدارة التربية والتعليم في محافظة إب البالغ عددهم(276) فردًا، وتم اختيار عينة قصدية مكونة من(28) فردًا وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها: تدني واقع توفر قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى العاملين التربويين من وجهة نظر العينة؛ حيث جاءت بدرجة منخفضة، وبمتوسط حسابي إجمالي (1.61) وبانحراف معياري إجمالي (0.76) من إجمالي الاستجابات على المجالات المحددة في أداة البحث. أَمَّا بالنسبة لدرجة الأهمية فقد ارتفع المتوسط الإجمالي العام لموافقة العينة على أهمية قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى العاملين في المجال التربوي، إذ جاءت بدرجة (مرتفعة)، وبمتوسط حسابي إجمالي (2.41) وبانحراف معياري إجمالي (0.64) من إجمالي الاستجابة على جميع المجالات. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج قدم الباحثان تصورًا مقترحًا لترسيخ قيم المواطنة الرقمية لدى العاملين في المجال التربوي في اليمن من القيادات الإدارية والإشرافية.
مستوى التزام أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في جامعة إب بأخلاقيات المهنة وأثره في انتماء الطلبة للجامعة
Authors: اليافعي ولـيــد قاسـم يحيى , اليفرسي أمين عبده سعيد
Published: June 2023

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على مستوى التزام أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في جامعة إب بأخلاقيات المهنة وأثره على انتماء الطلبة لها، ولتحقيق ذلك استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبه الارتباطي، وتمثل مجتمع البحث بجميع طلبة الجامعة للعام الجامعي 2021/2022م، اُختيرت منه عينة عشوائية طبقية بلغ حجمها (936)مفردة؛ واستُخدمت الاستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات، وكانت أبرز النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث هي: إِنَّ مستوى التزام أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة إب بأخلاقيات المهنة جاء متوسطًا على المستوى العام وعلى مستوى مجالات الأداة باستثناء مجال الأخلاقيات تجاه الطلبة فقد جاء منخفضًا ، أَمَّا انتماء الطلبة إلى الجامعة فجاء منخفضًا على المستوى العام وعلى مستوى مجالات الأداة باستثناء مجال المساندة الوجدانية فقد جاء متوسطًا ، وأظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة تأثير إيجابي لمستوى التزام أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في جامعة إب بأخلاقيات المهنة في انتماء الطلبة للجامعة بقدرة تفسيرية بلغت (0.29).
Comparison of Effects of Nalbuphine and Tramadol on Cardiovascular Response to Tracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Emergency Appendectomy
Authors: Ayub Farrukh , Khan Rub Nawaz , Rana Nauman Anwar , Faisal Syed Fazal E Karim , Haider Rehan , Bhutta Irtiza Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To compare the effects of Nalbuphine with Tramadol on cardiovascular response (change in heart rate and blood pressure) to tracheal intubation in patients undergoing emergency appendectomy. Material and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, CMH Mardan from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022. A total of 100 patients who were undergoing emergency appendectomy under general anaesthesia, with ASA grade I, aged between 30-50 years, and weighing between 50-80 kg were selected. Patients were either male or female and had normal blood pressure. They were divided into two groups: the Nalbuphine group and the Tramadol group. The study focused on analyzing the cardiovascular response (changes in heart rate and blood pressure) to tracheal intubation in both groups. Results: Most of the patients in both Group A and Group B were females, with a female to male ratio of 3.54:1 and 2.57:1, respectively. The mean age of patients in Group A was 37.90±5.41, while in Group B it was 40.10±6.39. After laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, patients in Group A had a significantly less increase in heart rate and blood pressure as compared to those in Group B. Conclusion: The Nalbuphine is better than Tramadol in attenuating the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Keywords: Nalbuphine, Tramadol, Cardiovascular Response, Tracheal Intubation, Laryngoscopy, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure.
Endoscopic Aspiration and Marsupialization for Colloid CYST
Authors: Khatri Muhammad Adil , Ali Farhad , Shah Irfan Ali , Rehmani Muhammad Asim Khan , , Ghori Shiraz Ahmed , Ali Muhammad Faaiq , Khan Atiq Ahmed , Imran Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Background: Colloid cyst is a benign intracranial tumor found in the anterior third ventricle. Due to location of this tumor, it has propensity to cause obstruction to CSF flow causing hydrocephalus. Treatment options include excision or aspiration of cyst through open or endoscopic procedures or CSF diversion procedures. Recent years have seen a shift towards endoscopic approach to treatment of colloid cyst due to its relative simplicity among endoscopic procedures and other favorable patient related factors. We share our experience with endoscopic aspiration and marsupialization of colloid cyst. Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was done at Neuro surgery department of Neurosurgery, SMBB Institute of Trauma, Dow University of Health Sciences, Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Data of patients who had endoscopic aspiration and marsupialization of colloid cyst between February 2017 and October 2020. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, radiological features, operative course and post-operative course was recorded. Clinical or radiologic recurrence was noted on follow-up. Results: Ten patients were operated during the study period. Headache was most common presenting symptom. Mean size of cyst was 21mm. There was incomplete aspiration in 3 patients as observed per-operatively and by residual cyst content on immediate post-operative CT scan which disappeared completely on subsequent scans. CSF leak was observed in 3 patients and 2 developed meningitis. No symptomatic recurrence occurred. Conclusion: Endoscopic aspiration with marsupialization of cyst wall is a safe and effective technique for treatment of colloid cyst. Incomplete aspiration of cyst contents may not require further intervention as the radiological resolution of cyst is observed over time. Further follow-up and larger sample size is needed to further establish the safety and efficacy of this procedure. Keywords: colloid cyst, endoscopic, follow-up studies
Assessment of Various Complains after Non-Surgical Treatment of Condylar Fracture
Authors: . Haroon , Ch. Asif Nazir , Khaliq Fahad , Shams Husna , Chauhdry Wajeeha , Kulachi Waqar Hussan
Published: June 2023

Objective: To assess various complains of patients after non-surgical treatment of condylar fracture. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed from October 2021 to October 2022 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. The sample size collected was 34 patients using a consecutive non-probability sampling. Using pertinent clinical examination, the patient was assessed for disturbed occlusion, limited mouth opening, deviation of the mouth, pain, and clicking sound. The mean follow-up period was six months. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.8: 1, with male predominance. The leading cause of fracture was attributed to incidents involving road traffic accidents (RTAs) (n—26, 76.5%).Twenty-three patients had a positive post-opt complaint after treatment, from which the most complaints presented were with unilateral condylar fracture n=15. The most common complaint presented was TMJ Pain with limited mouth opening n=8(23.5%). Conclusion: Conservative care for unilateral mandibular condyle fractures is a safe treatment approach. However, it can cause a few post-treatment functional complaints, the most frequent of which is TMJ pain. To further evaluate the improvement in function and discomfort, more research and consistent long-term follow-ups are required. Keyword: Temporomandibular joint movement (TMJ), TMJ Pain, Maxillomandibular Fixation (MMF)
Dental Caries in Relation to Sugar Consumption Among Children, A Study from Public Sector Hospital of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Mughal Simra Ali , Rehman Seemab , Rana Kashaf , Bukhari Jaffar Hussain , Qureshi Ahmed Ali , Majeed Rabia
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries among the children presenting in a public dental hospital of South Punjab, Pakistan, as dental caries has been one of the most prevalent diseases among children all around the world. Different factors play a significant role in caries incidence, sugar intake being the most important one. Caries not only leads to dental pain, but also effects a child’s body functions, productivity and growth. This study evaluates the factors responsible for caries incidence among children. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan, Pakistan from August, 2022 to December, 2022. Data were collected on a specifically designed questionnaire. A total of 370 participants of age range between 3 to 12 years were chosen for this study. Consent from their parents was taken. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 and applying Eta-square test and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Gender had no significant effect on DMFT score with p-value of 0.3. Type and frequency of sugar intake had a significant effect with p-value of 0.00 for both. Age and DMFT were found to have a negative linear relationship. Conclusion: Increased refined sugar intake was the leading cause of dental caries among children of local population of South Punjab. Keywords: Dental caries, Caries, Children, Sugar Intake
Study of Facial Nerve Function Following Retromandibular Open Reduction of Mandibular Condylar Fracture
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad Ahsan , Mustafa Kamal Muhammad , Umar Mohammad , Butt Atif Iqbal , Zulfiqar Rida , Shamshad Sadaf
Published: June 2023

At least 1/3rd (26–40%) of all mandibular fractures occur in the condylar region, making it one of the most common fracture sites. They can further lead to morphological & functional damage when undetected or poorly managed. Condylar fractures that are misdiagnosed or improperly treated can cause substantial functional impairment, such as malocclusion, decreased mouth opening due to jaw deviation, and restricted lateral mandibular motions. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine facial nerve function following retromandibular trans parotid ORIF for mandibular sub-condylar fractures. Methodology: After receiving the necessary ethical approval, 50 patients who presented with unilateral condylar fractures, sub condylar fractures (36), & neck fractures (14) (Ellis classification)5 were chosen. All of the research participants, who underwent open reduction using a retromandibular technique, provided informed consent. Results: All 50 patients were assessed and no patients were excluded. The healing went well, and no one experienced significant scarring or hardware infection. 7 (14%) individuals experienced transient buccal branch weakness, while 2 (4%) experienced transient zygomatic branch dimness Keywords: Condylar fracture, Open reduction, Retromandibular approach, Anatomical reduction
Awareness and Acceptance of Post-Partum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Insertion (PPIUCD) among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi
Authors: Pario Saba , Raja Ayisha , Abbasi Sughra , Naz Samina
Published: June 2023

Background: The knowledge, awareness and acceptance regarding contraceptives are variable in different parts of world. Family planning is still considered a stigma in most parts of the world. Contraceptive use for family planning is a key to understand the profound changes in fertility and to improve reproductive health worldwide. Objective: To evaluate the awareness and acceptance of the post-partum intrauterine contraceptive Device Insertion (PPIUCD) among the pregnant women visiting the Outdoor Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care Hospital Malir Cantt Karachi. Study design and setting: A cross sectional study was conducted during the period January 2022- June 2022. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Tertiary care Hospital, Malir cantt, Karachi, for six months from (January 2022-June 2022) Data were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire was filled after the informed consent. The inclusion criteria: were the women agreed to participate the study and agreed to fill the questionnaires Urdu version, who visited outdoor department. The exclusion criteria were the women who refuse to ill the questionnaire. Results: This study shows the acceptance rate of PPIUCD is 12% of 200 women who participated this study. The commonest reasons for their denial were the inadequate information or knowledge of PPIUCD. The acceptance rate of PPIUCD was associated with their awareness and the long term effectiveness. Women who have completed their secondary or higher education were more informed and accepted than uneducated women. (AOR = 3, CI = 11.81, 53.91). The age group ranging from 25-30 years showed positive acceptance for PPIUCD. Conclusion: The rate of acceptance for postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device turns out to be low in this study, though this is an effective and safe method of postpartum family planning. The perceived concerns and fears about the PPIUCD are due to lack of awareness regarding its use among women attending the antenatal clinics. Keywords: PPIUCD, Contraception, Postpartum FP, awareness.
Various Risk Factors of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children Under 5 Years of Age Presenting at a Secondary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Shahzad , . Nazimuddin , Mahar Shazia , Qambrani Zamir Ahmed , Radhan Abdul Hameed , Ahmed Col (R) Imran , Chohan Muhammad Nadeem
Published: June 2023

Aim: To assess the various risk factors of severe acute malnutrition in children under 5 years of age presenting at a secondary care hospital Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and duration: Nutritional stabilization centre, Pediatric department, civil hospital Mirpur Khas from January to June 2022 Methodology: A total of 321 children (both males and females) below the age of 5 years were enrolled in this study. Severe acute malnutrition was diagnosed on the basis of weight for height/length Z score criteria. (ie < - 3 SD). Children were managed at a nutritional stabilization centre according to WHO management criteria. History was taken regarding breastfeeding, age of complementary feeding, immunization, maternal education level and repeated diarrhea. Counts with percentages were reported on age group, sex, mother education, lack of breastfeeding, delayed weaning, lack of immunization, and diarrhea. Association was tested with sex and mother education status using the Pearson Chi-Square test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The bar chart also reported the study outcomes with gender. Results: In the present study, there were three hundred twenty children with mean age 17.9 of (SD=±10.3) months, 30.6% were aged 9 – 12 months, 55.9% were male gender, and 65.6% of mothers were uneducated. Lack of breastfeeding was observed in 10.3% of children, delayed weaning was 12.5%, lack of immunization was 14.1%, and diarrhea was found in 20.6% of children. Children with uneducated mothers 11% were found to have a lack of breastfeeding, 84.2% with delayed complementary feeding, 81% with a lack of immunization and 26.2% with diarrhea. Conclusion: According to our study lack of breast feeding, delayed weaning, lack of immunization, recurrent diarrhea and maternal education are strongly associated with severe acute malnutrition in children. Uneducated women breastfeed their children more, but they start complementary feeding late and their children are more unvaccinated and had more frequent diarrhea which leads to severe acute malnutrition. Keywords: severe acute malnutrition, breastfeeding, diarrhea, complementary feeding
Management of Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia; Comparison of Complications of Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Fluorescent Phototherapy
Authors: Hussain Sijjad , Safdar Muhammad Bilal , Maqsood Sara , Naveed Muhammad , Razzaq Mujahid , Ejaz Mahwish
Published: June 2023

Objective: To compare the frequency of complications (hyperthermia, skin eruption, dehydration) of LED phototherapy and fluorescent phototherapy in management of indirect hyperbilirubinemia in neonates Material and methods: This randomized control study was carried out from 1st June 2015 to 31 December 2016 at NNU of The Children`s Hospital Lahore using Non probability consecutive sampling technique after getting informed consent from parents. All basic demographic information of each variable (name, age) was noted and entered on Performa. SPSS-18 was used to interpret the data. Results: In our study the mean age was 1.98±0.83 days. Skin rash complication was observed in 43(13%) cases, dehydration was found in 48(14.5%) cases and hyperthermia was noted in 65(19.70%) patients. Practical Implication: Many setups in Pakistan are still using conventional fluorescent phototherapy machines. LED has lesser side effects as compared to conventional one so by using LED light source we can lessen the adverse effects of phototherapy that will be beneficial to the babies Conclusion: LED light source is effective for phototherapy with significantly lesser complication rate (hyperthermia, skin eruption, and dehydration) compared to fluorescent phototherapy in management of indirect hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. In this study LED phototherapy significantly showed fewer complications as compared to fluorescent phototherapy cases. Keywords: LED, Fluorescent, Hyperthermia, Skin, Rash, Dehydration, Neonates, Hyperbilirubinemia
Prevalence of Different Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Patients with Covid 19 Presenting to Gastroenterology OPD at Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad
Authors: Abbasi Anwar Hussain , Zameer Aasia , Umar Anum , Andaleeb Hina , Ahmed Khawaja Ashfaq , Yousuf Nadeem
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objective behind this study was to determine the prevalence of different gastrointestinal manifestations in patients with COVID-19 presenting to gastroenterology OPD at Rawal Institute of health sciences, Islamabad Methods: this was a descriptive observational hospital-based study conducted through a convenient sampling technique. All the adult males and females diagnosed as COVID-19 for the first time were included in this study. Pregnant females, concomitant viral hepatitis, typhoid fever, known gastrointestinal disease, and those who did not consent to participate were excluded from this study. Proforma was used to collect the relevant data. Data regarding GI symptoms were collected and presented in the form of frequency and percentages. Results: Final analysis was performed on 193 COVID-19 positive patients. Diagnosed patients were mostly young with mean age was 39.42±18.29 years. More than 68% of the patients were males. Sixty-eight (35.23%) of the COVID-19 PCR positive patients presented with symptoms of gastrointestinal manifestations and the most common GI symptom was presence of Dysgeusia (52.94%, n = 36). Conclusions: Most of our study subjects belongs to young age group. The prevalence of GI manifestations are quite high as observed in our study and the most common GI symptoms was dysgeusia. Keywords: COVID-19 infection, gastrointestinal symptoms, clinical manifestation, Pakistan
To Assess the Outcome of Low Molecular Weight Heparin for Management of Females Presenting with Placental Insufficiency
Authors: Nisar Munazzah , Ijaz Saleha , Kaleem Samara , Parveen Amna , Maqsood Maria , Iftikhar Asima
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Placental insufficiency is a serious condition that affects pregnant women and can lead to a range of complications during pregnancy. One potential treatment for this condition is the use of low molecular weight heparin. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to assess the outcome of low molecular weight heparin for management of females presenting with placental insufficiency. Material and methods: This descriptive case series was conducted in Unit II, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. Sample size of 175 cases was calculated with 95% confidence level, 4.5% margin of error and taking expected percentage of SGA i.e. 10.1% with LMWH in females placental insufficiency. Data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Results: In this present study total 175 females were enrolled. The mean age of the females was 29.70±6.36 years with minimum and maximum ages of 20 & 40 years respectively. In this study the mean gestational age of the females was 33.99±1.43 weeks with minimum and maximum values of 32 & 36 weeks respectively. 35(20%) females had null parity, 37(21.14%) females had primary, 45(25.71%) females had secondary parity and rest of the females belonged to multiple parity. Practical implication: This study will be helpful in finding outcome by LMWH for management of females presenting with placental insufficiency Conclusion: According to this study the outcome by LMWH for management of females presenting with placental insufficiency showed preterm delivery in 26.9% and SGA in 8% females. Keywords: LMWH, Delivery, Patients, Pregnant, Treatment, Weight