bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME IN FORCEPS VERSUS VENTOUSE ASSISTED VAGINAL DELIVERY IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PMCH, PATNA, BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Archana , Manju K. , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To compare the maternal and neonatal outcome following ventouse and forceps- assisted vaginal deliveries in singleton term pregnancies.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study.
Duration and Place of study: It was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar from May 2020 to December 2020.
Patients and Methods: All patients who underwent instrumental vaginal delivery during this period, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied. Main maternal outcomes were perineal tears while the main neonatal outcomes were Apgar score at 1 minute and at 5 minutes after birth. Neonatal outcome included record of cephalhematoma, shoulder dystocia and need for admission to NICU. In addition to the above, maternal age, gestational age, parity and booking status were also recorded along with the indication for instrumental vaginal delivery for both ventouse and forceps delivery groups. Data was entered into SPSS-15. Percentages were calculated for all the above variables except maternal age and gestational age for which mean + SD were calculated. Chi -square test was used for qualitative variables to assess any difference between the two groups. P-value of equal to or <0.05 considered to be significant.
Results: A total of 80 patients underwent ventouse delivery while 120 patients with forceps delivery were included. Mean maternal ages were 25.7+ 4.33 yrs and 25.05+3.47yrs in ventouse and forceps group respectively. 54(67%) and 95(79.16%) were primiparous in ventouse and forceps group respectively. 35(43.7%) were booked cases in ventouse group while this number was 53(44.2%) in forceps group. Fetal distress was the commonest indication of instrument application in 60(75%) and 108(90%) cases in ventouse and forceps group respectively. 16(20%) and 35(29.16%) neonates had Apgar score of <7 at 1 minute in ventouse and forceps group respectively. Apgar score of <7 at 5 minute was observed in 10(12.5%) of ventouse group while 14(11%) of forceps group. 2.5 % (n=2) and 1.66% (n=2) of neonates had shoulder dystocia in ventouse and forceps group respectively. Cephalhematoma was observed in 4(5%) of ventouse group while it was 1.5% (n=2) in forceps group. 11% (n=9) and 10% (n=12) of neonates admitted to NICU in ventouse and forceps group respectively. No case of maternal 3rd degree perineal tear observed in ventouse group while 3(2.5%) of patients had 3rd degree perineal tears in forceps group.
Conclusion: Forceps deliveries are more associated with maternal morbidity while neonatal trauma is commoner among those delivered by vacuum extraction however there seems to be no difference in neonatal admission to NICU.
CLINICAL PROFILE AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF ENTERIC FEVER AMONG CHILDREN ADMITTED IN PEDIATRICS DEPARTMENT OF JLNMCH, BHAGALPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Kumar Mithilesh , Sinha R. K. , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Objective: In this study our main aims to know the clinical profile of pediatric enteric fever and the sensitivity pattern of the disease to drugs in this region.
Methodology: This prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital at Dhaka from March to December 2019 among suspected case of Enteric fever as per case definition. Among 212 suspected enteric fever 117 children were diagnosed as enteric fever by blood culture and/or Widal test.

Results: During the study, Male: female were 1.3: 1. Maximum (70%) children were in age group 5 years or more. Most of the children were from urban slum area (53.6%) of Dhaka city. Cases were admitted throughout the year. Common presentation were fever (100%), anorexia (100%), pain abdomen (74.4%) and loose motions (46.1%). The common signs were hepatomegaly (41.9%), hepatosplenomegaly (5.1%) coated tongue (64.9%), pallor (74.4%). The complications rate was 35.9% and commonest being UTI and pneumonia. The overall positivity of Widal test was 89.7% and the culture positivity was 32.5%. Among isolates, 94.7%were Salmonella typhi and 5.3% Salmonella paratyphi A. Among them18.1% isolates were multi drug resistant.

Conclusion: Enteric fever is most prevalent during summer & rainy session. WASA supplied water may play a role. Hepatomegaly is common. UTI and pneumonia are the commonest complication. Multidrug resistant cases are not so as high as other countries. Cefixime, Ceftriaxone. Meropenam and Ofloxacine are the drugs of choice. Ciprofloxacin is still could be chosen for the treatment of enteric fever. Higher rate of resistant to Azithromycin is alarming.
EFFECT OF PREEMPTIVE CLONIDNINE VERSUS PETHIDINE AND KETAMINE ON POSTOPERATIVE SHIVERING DURING SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Singh Praveen Kumar , Krishan Rajeev , Choudhary Chandeshwar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Background: Postoperative Shivering is an early postoperative complication. Incidence of postoperative shivering (POS) following surgeries varies between 20 to 60%. There is still no consensus on treatment modalities especially in opioid-dependent patients.
Aim: To compare the effect of preemptive clonidine, ketamin and pethidine in controlling postoperative shivering in addicted patients who undergo spinal anesthesia.
Methods: In a clinical trial, 81 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia for elective orthopaedic surgery for lower limb were enrolled and assigned to groups of 27 patients of the study based on accidental numbers, and 2 patients in Pethidine group and 2 patients in ketamine group were excluded from the study. Clonidine 2 mg was administered orally prior to surgery. Ketamin 2mg/kg and pethidine 0.5 mg/kg were administered in recovery to the patients. Postoperative shivering was measured in patients during stay in post anethesia care unit. Blood pressure and heart rate was recorded during 30 minutes after spinal anethesia in operating room.
Results: No significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate were observed between patients. Incidence of postoperative shivering was 28% in clonidine, 36% in pethidine and 48% in ketamin group. Risk of shivering was significantly reduced in patients received clonidine in compare to ketamine (RR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.138-0.856, p=0.022) which was significant and compare to pethidine (RR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.272-2.323, p=0.67) which was not significant.
Conclusion: preemptive Clonidine has superior effect compare to postoperative ketamin and pethidine in controlling postoperative shivering.
TO STUDY THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME (MAS) IN NEONATES IN RELATION TO BIRTH WEIGHT, GESTATIONALAGE AND THEIR IMMEDIATE OUTCOME
Authors: Kumar Mithilesh , Sinha R. K. , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Study the clinical profile of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) in neonates, in relation to birth weight, gestational age and their immediate outcome. Prospective observational cross sectional study. All preterm, term and post term infants, appropriate for gestational age with birth weight, delivered normally or by caesarean section or forceps, fulfilling all the inclusion criteria for MAS who were admitted to NICU, during the 9 months from January 2020 to September 2020 were included in the study. Over nine months' period, 574 neonates were admitted in NICU under that 312 neonates were in respiratory distress, out of which78 neonates were suffered with MAS. A detailed antenatal and natal history was elicited. Complications during delivery and details of resuscitation at birth, was done wherever required. Endo-tracheal intubation was done and bag and tube ventilation was given wherever needed. In MAS neonates, APGAR score at 1 minute and 5 minutes and gestational age was assessed with New Ballard’s score. A detailed clinical examination was carried out and respiratory distress was monitored by using Downes score system. Score > 6 was taken as an indication for assisted ventilation. 574 babies were admitted to NICU during the study period and out of them 312 were with respiratory distress. During the study period 78 (25%) babies had MAS. Conservative management was given to 59 cases (75.64%) and only 19 cases (24.36%) needed artificial ventilation, where indication was birth asphyxia, acute respiratory failure or other complications like pneumothorax. Out of 19 ventilated babies, 15 babies died and 4 babies survived and were discharged in good health. Conclusions: 1.Increased incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome was associated with increase in the gestational age (more in term and post term neonate, birth weight > 2.5kgs, 2. Highest mortality was associated with thick meconium and with low APGAR score at 5 minutes.
LEVETIRACETAM USE, AVAILABILITY AND KNOWLEDGE OF TOXICITY AMONG EPILEPTIC PATIENTS AND THEIR CARE GIVERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN KING SALMAN ARMED FORCES HOSPITAL TABUK SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Alatawi Olayan , Alzahrani Faisal , Saiyed Nasrin S
Published: February 2021

Background: Levetiracetam (Keppra®) is a well-known second-generation anti-epileptic drug (AED). The study was aimed to addresses Levetiracetam use, availability and knowledge of toxicity among epileptic patients and their care givers in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital Tabuk Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital (KSAFH) in Tabuk city in Saudi Arabia. The study participants were epileptic patients and their care givers, selected from different outpatient departments using a convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using an Arabic self-reported questionnaire consisted of open-ended and closed-ended questions to facilitate study participants. Altogether, 381 persons answered the full questionnaire. The data were entered into SPSS version 26.0 for Windows, cleaned and managed before analysis.

Results: Participants age ranged from 18 to 63 years, with a mean 29.6 years and standard deviation 5.8 years. 47.0% (n= 179) were male and 53.0% (n= 202) female. Six out of ten participants lived in the urban area (67.7%). Majority of the participants had knowledge about seizures (96.9%). About 31.0% of the participants and/or patients had seizures (epilepsy) since more than 20 years. Nearly 28.0% participants and/or patients had family history of seizures (epilepsy). Majority of the participants had Levetiracetam at home and aware of the correct usage of it. However, about 11% of the participants felt that Levetiracetam is used to help sleep. Eight out of ten of the participants reported “Sleepiness” as the side effect of Levetiracetam (79.3%). Half of the participants reported “Headache” as the side effect of Levetiracetam. About 94.0% of the participants knew that someone could take enough Levetiracetam to harm themselves.

Conclusion: The study population used Levetiracetam, they demonstrated basic awareness of Levetiracetam use including the potential consequences of overdosing. Participants' knowledge regarding the toxicity of Levetiracetam is adequate. Special awareness programs for parents of children with epilepsy may be needed to reduce the knowledge gaps in the management of epilepsy and to ensure compliance and optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Using Satellite Data on Remote Transportation of Air Pollutants for PM2.5 Prediction in Northern Taiwan
Authors: Kibirige George , Yang Ming-Chuan , Liu Chao-Lin , Chen Meng Chang
Published: February 2021

We proposed RTP, a composite neural network model that captures knowledge from remote transportation pollution events (RTPEs) to improve the local PM2.5 prediction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first deep learning work to include knowledge from remote pollutants for PM2.5 prediction. RTP consists of two neural network components: a pre-trained base model and STRI model. The base model captures knowledge from local factors that influence PM2.5 concentrations and STRI captures knowledge from RTPEs by learning spatial-temporal characteristics of Satellite base AOD data and weather features from remote areas. In addition, given the size of the STRI model, to facilitate training and improve results we divide the full STRI model into two components: STRI\_fe, which is used to extract spatial-temporal features from remote areas, and STRI\_p, which predicts local PM2.5 concentrations using both remote and local features. The prediction results from STRI\_p show that the prediction error is reduced when remote features are added to the model, demonstrating that the STRI model indeed captures knowledge from RTPEs. To characterize the occurrence of RTPEs in northern Taiwan, we also developed an algorithm to classify PM2.5 concentrations attributable to RTPEs. We use the STRI model for the prediction of two EPA stations located at the northern tip of Taiwan and apply the classification algorithm to the results. This yields improvements in accuracy when remote features are added to the model, which demonstrates the impact of RTPEs at the stations.
Using Satellite Data on Remote Transportation of Air Pollutants for PM2.5 Prediction in Northern Taiwan
Authors: Kibirige George , Yang Ming-Chuan , Liu Chao-Lin , Chen Meng Chang
Published: February 2021

We proposed RTP, a composite neural network model that captures knowledge from remote transportation pollution events (RTPEs) to improve the local PM2.5 prediction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first deep learning work to include knowledge from remote pollutants for PM2.5 prediction. RTP consists of two neural network components: a pre-trained base model and STRI model. The base model captures knowledge from local factors that influence PM2.5 concentrations and STRI captures knowledge from RTPEs by learning spatial-temporal characteristics of Satellite base AOD data and weather features from remote areas. In addition, given the size of the STRI model, to facilitate training and improve results we divide the full STRI model into two components: STRI\_fe, which is used to extract spatial-temporal features from remote areas, and STRI\_p, which predicts local PM2.5 concentrations using both remote and local features. The prediction results from STRI\_p show that the prediction error is reduced when remote features are added to the model, demonstrating that the STRI model indeed captures knowledge from RTPEs.
To characterize the occurrence of RTPEs in northern Taiwan, we also developed an algorithm to classify PM2.5 concentrations attributable to RTPEs. We use the STRI model for the prediction of two EPA stations located at the northern tip of Taiwan and apply the classification algorithm to the results. This yields improvements in accuracy when remote features are added to the model, which demonstrates the impact of RTPEs at the stations.
Pemberian Pupuk NPK dan Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di Pembibitan Awal
Authors: Halim Muhammad , Wahyudi Erfan , Putra Irwan Agusnu
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas pupuk NPK dan kompos tankos kelapa sawit dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua taraf yaitu faktor pertama: pupuk NPK Mutiara 16-16-16 dengan 3 taraf yaitu P0= tanpa pupuk NPK, P1= NPK Mutiara 2 g/polybag P2= NPK Mutiara 4 g/polybag, Faktor kedua: kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan 4 taraf yaitu S0= subsoil, S1= subsoil + kompos TKKS 1:1, S2= subsoil + kompos TKKS 1:2, S3= subsoil + kompos TKKS 1:3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemberian pupuk NPK Mutiara 16-16-16 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman bibit tanaman kelapa sawit di pembibitan awal. Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan  tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat basah tanaman dan berat kering bibit tanaman kelapa sawit di pembibitan awal. Interaksi antara pemberian Pupuk NPK dan pemberian kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat basah tanaman dan berat kering bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan awal.
Life Balance of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Chili Plant (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Kurniawan Hazen Arrazie , Fitria Fitria
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Bemisia tabaci is one of the important pests that cause direct damage by sucking plant fluids. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the life balance of the pest Bemisia tabaci in chili plant.

Materials and Methods: This research was conducted at the Laboratory in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan from January to February 2020. The plants used in this test were three-month-old chili plant of Keriting Bogor The life balance test on plants was initiated by inserting 15 individuals of B. tabaci (5 males and 10 females) into a plastic tube.

Results: The whitefly stuck in the hood from chili plant and has a long morphology of 0.2 to 0.3 mm. Eggs are inserted into plant tissue. Eggs under the leaves at the temperature of 26 to 32oC the incubation period lasts for 4 to 6 days, meanwhile at the temperature of 18 to 22oC increased to 10 until 16 days.
LEGAL BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF VOCATIONAL MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Khayrullayev Chorikul Kazakovich  , Gulyamova Mavjuda Toshpo’latovna  , Shukurov Ilhom Boltayevich
Published: February 2021

The article examines the role of regulatory framework in the training of medical personnel. It also analyzes the activities aimed at ensuring the quality of medical education, increasing cooperation with foreign universities, raising the prestige of the university.
KEYWORDS. Health system, international education standard, medical care, quality of medical education
RELATIONSHIP OF THE EATING BEHAVIOR FEATURES WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS AND ENERGY VALUE OF THE DIET IN YOUNG PEOPLE WITH NORMAL WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT
Authors: Boriak Khrystyna R. , Vesnina Lyudmyla E.
Published: February 2021

The aim: Was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of eating behavior with anthropometric indicators and the energy value of the diet in young people with normal weight and overweight. Materials and methods: We examined 84 subjects of both sexes aged from 18 to 25 years. We determined their body weight, height. According to the body mass index (BMI), we formed the following groups: the control group embraced 22 men and 22 women with a BMI of 18.50-24.99 kg/m2, and the group of overweight subjects included 20 men and 20 women with a BMI of 25.00-29.99 kg/m2. We evaluated the dietary regimen using the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire (DEBQ). The obtained data were processed statistically. Results: Changes in eating behavior were observed in 79.55% of subjects with normal weight and 90% of overweight subjects. In people with normal body weight, the restrictive type of eating behavior prevailed, in overweight subjects, the external and emotional types were observed. Conclusions: The study established the formation of negative relationships of medium and high strength between the restrictive type of eating behavior and anthropometric indicators, as well as positive relationships of medium and high strength between indicators of emotional and external types with anthropometric indicators and energy value of diet in the subjects of both groups.
INFLUENCE OF ADVERSE PRODUCTION FACTORS ON CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMIC IN LOCOMOTIVE DRIVERS
Authors: Arustamian Olha M. , Tkachyshyn Volodymyr S. , Kondratiuk Vitalii E. , Tkachyshyna Nataliia Yu. , Aleksiichuk Oleksandr Yu. , Dumka Irina V.
Published: February 2021

The aim: To investigate the pathological changes in intra- and extra cranial blood vessels in workers of locomotive crews depending on their length of service.
Materials and methods: The study involved 249 male patients, aged from 21 to 60 years who worked as locomotive drivers. We used Doppler examination and studied
Doppler Indexes of cerebral vessels.
Results: Results of examination showed that with increasing length of work of workers of locomotive crews (together with increasing of their age) we have established:
1) Reduction the elasticity of blood vessels (77.6% of the patients);
2) Increased violation of venous circulation (86.4%);
3) Reduced blood flow in the basilar artery (64%);
4) Reduced blood flow in the right and left vertebral arteries (65.6% and 65.5% respectively);
5) Increase in the thickness of intimate / media complex more than 1.1 in 62 % of drivers. All of that also connected with length of their work.
Conclusions: we founded that speed of blood flow and elasticity in intra- and extra cranial vessels reduced with increase the length of service of workers of locomotive crews. Also we received such results: increasing violation of venous circulation, reducing blood flow in the basilar artery and reducing of blood flow in right and left vertebral arteries, increase intima / media thicknesses greater than 1,1 in locomotive drivers.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC MONITORING OF THE BRAIN FUNCTIONAL CONDITION IN MODERN UKRANIAN SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: Redka Iryna V. , Mykhalchuk Oksana Ya. , Sotnikova-Meleshkina Zhanna V.
Published: February 2021

The aim: To monitor the brain functional state of generally healthy Ukrainian schoolchildren according to computer electroencephalography (EEG).
Materials and methods: EEG examination of 125 practically healthy (according to medical records) schoolchildren of both sexes, which were divided into 3 age groups: 1) 8–12
years old (n = 49); 2) 13–16 years old (n = 42); 3) 17–18 years old (n = 34). EEG was recorded at rest with eyes closed and during functional tests (eye opening, hyperventilation).
Visual and spectral analyzes of the EEG were carried out, types of EEG were determined according to A.E. Zhirmunskaya. (1991) in the adaptation of N.L. Gorbachevskaya et al. (1999).
Results: The peak frequency of alpha activity is in the range of 9 to 11.5 Hz, with a tendency to increase as you grow older. A disorganized type of EEG with a predominance of
alpha activity dominates with an organized type of EEG. For most schoolchildren, normal EEG reactivity predominates in response to functional tests. The detection rate of short
fragments of pathological activity in the background did not exceed 8%, but increased to 20% with hyperventilation.
Conclusions: Only a third of modern Ukrainian schoolchildren classified as “healthy” have a physiological type of EEG, which indicates the optimal functional state of the brain.
The remaining part of generally healthy schoolchildren have EEG changes, which reflect initial functional disorders mainly at the level of nonspecific structures and the brain stem.
RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC CONGENITAL CLUBFOOT IN CHILDREN: A 3-YEAR FOLLOW UP STUDY
Authors: Holubenko Oleksii O. , Levytskyi Anatolii F. , Karabenyuk Oleksandr V.
Published: February 2021

The aim: Was to analyze the outcome, recurrence rate and complications between Ponseti method and soft-tissue release 3 yearsafter the initial treatment.
Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in congenital idiopathic clubfoot patients who underwent primary treatment by either Ponseti serial
casting or soft tissue release between 2006 to 2016 at department of traumatology and orthopedics National Children’s Specialized Hospital “Okhmatdet”. Total of 113 feet in 95 patients (61 males and 34 females), sixty-two feet (62 patients) were in the Ponseti group and thirty-three feet (33 patients) were in the surgical treatment group.
For both groups, descriptive statistics were calculated Pirani score (2004) result before and 3 years after treatment, recurrence rate and complications. The comparison of the Pirani score result and complications between the two groups was analyzed by nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U-tests). Statistical data processing was performed in SPSS 17.0 program.
Results: The results of Pirani score reveal satisfactory outcomes for both groups. But Ponseti method has the more conservative approach and lower complication rate
(11,29±5,27% and 24,24±11,74%, p=0,52).
Conclusions: Ponseti method is a safe, effective method for treatment of congenital idiopathic clubfoot in children from first days after birth. Open surgery should be reserved for deformity that cannot be completely corrected or for treatment of recurrences.
Biopince Full Core Biopsy Device for Percutaneous Lung Biopsy: A Retrospective Analysis of 184 Procedures Analyzing Complication Rates and Procedure Success
Authors: Robert Bernstein  , Ryan Garrow
Published: February 2021

Background: Unlike fine needle aspiration, core needle biopsies allow the collection of intact tissue for pathological and molecular evaluation. In outpatient clinical practice, full core needle lung biopsy may be underused because of concerns that it might be too dangerous. We describe our experience using a full core device for percutaneous lung biopsy in a large cohort of patients. Research Question: Is percutaneous full core needle lung biopsy effective and safe in the outpatient setting?

Study Design and Methods: The analyzed population comprised patients with lung masses >1.1 cm who underwent percutaneous lung biopsy with a full core device. Analyzed data included core mass dimensions, distance from pleural edge to mass, lobe location, type, outcomes, and complications. Biopsy success was defined as adequate tissue acquisition for pathological evaluation that yielded a diagnosis. Biopsy procedures with incomplete data were excluded from this analysis.

Results: We analyzed data from 184 lung biopsies performed on 182 patients (mean age, 70±11.7 years). Most biopsies were parenchymal (54.9%). The overall diagnostic success rate was 98.4%. No complications were reported for 77.2% of biopsies. Minor complications occurred during 39 biopsies (21.2%) and were primarily pneumothorax (16.8%). Major complications occurred during 4 biopsies (2.1%): 3 patients with pneumothorax required emergency department (ED) management and 1 patient went to the ED for severe pain. All complications resolved within 24 hours without hospitalization or transfusion. Crosstabulation analyses showed no significant differences between the lung lobe locations in terms of rates of disposition and complications, and between the lesion types in terms of rates of disposition and complications.

Interpretation: Percutaneous lung biopsy performed using a full core biopsy device demonstrated a high rate of diagnostic success and a low risk of clinically significant procedural complications in an outpatient setting.
ANALISIS FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA CABAI RAWIT DI PASAR BESUKI (STUDI KASUS DI DESA BESUKI KECAMATAN BESUKI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO)
Authors: Himawan Zainur Rahmad , Puryantoro Puryantoro
Published: February 2021

Petani cabai rawit selalu dihadapkan dengan risiko harga produk. Risiko harga produk diindikasikan oleh volatilitas dari harga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : 1) menilai risiko harga produk cabai rawit dan 2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi risiko harga produk cabai rawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder mengenai harga dan suplai produk harian cabai rawit periode Januari tahun 2018 sampai Mei 2018. Analisis data dengan menggunakan koefisien variasi serta regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko harga cabai rawit di pasar Besuki cenderung rendah. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi risiko harga cabai rawit periode hari ini yaitu harga periode sehari sebelumnya, pasokan cabai rawit periode hari ini dan sebelumnya.
PERANAN KELOMPOK TANI DALAM PENINGKATAN STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI PADI SAWAH
Authors: Wiranda Linys Elok Sari , Sari Sasmita
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan produksi dan pendapatan petani padi sawah antara sebelum dan sesudah menjadi anggota kelompok tani serta untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi petani dalam menjalankan usaha padi sawah. Penentuan lokasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yaitu daerah penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan jumlah kelompok tani sangat mencukupi untuk pengambilan sampel dengan jumlah 30 responden. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan data dari instansi terkait. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis uji t untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelompok tani terhadap pendapatan usaha tani padi sawah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan antara produksi petani sebelum menjadi anggota kelompok tani dengan sesudah menjadi anggota kelompok tani. Dimana produksi petani padi sawah sebelum menjadi anggota kelompok tani lebih rendah disbanding produksi petani padi sawah sesudah menjadi anggota kelompok tani. Terdapat perbedaan nyata antara pendapatan petani sebelum menjadi anggota kelompok tani dengan sesudah menjadi anggota kelompok tani. Pendapatan petani sebelum menjadi anggota kelompok tani lebih rendah dibandingkan sesudah menjadi anggota kelompok tani.
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH DI DESA KLAMPOKAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PADI ORGANIK
Authors: Saputri Darma Catur , Sulistyaninsih Sulistyaninsih
Published: February 2021

Kompetensi Penyuluh pertanian perlu mendapat perhatian yang serius, karena peningkatan dan penurunannya akan berpengaruh langsung terhadap peningkatan dan penurunan kinerja penyuluh. Kompetensi yang tinggi akan sangat mendukung kinerja seseorang dalam melaksanakan tugas rutinnya. Tinggi rendahnya tingkat kompetensi akan berpengaruh langsung terhadap sasaran yang dicapai. Keberpihakan penyuluh kepada petani belum tampak. Seperti keterlibatan penyuluh sebagai tenaga (penyuluh) pendamping dalam penyaluran kredit Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Pedesaan (PUAP) belum sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Penyuluh Pertanian dan Tenaga Harian Lepas Tenaga Bantu Penyuluh Pertnian (THL-TBPP) dalam menyusun rencana pupuk bersubsidi, tidak di dukung data kebutuhan riil petani di lapangan. Penghitungan hanya berdasarkan prediksi penggunaan pupuk per hektar dikalikan total luas arel pertanian di tingkat kecamatan.Tujuan yang hendak dicapai peneliti untuk yaitu: untuk mengetahui persepsi petani terhadap kinerja penyuluh dalam pengembangan padi organik Kelompok Tani Tirto Dimulyo III Desa Klampokan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa persepsi petani terhadap kinerja penyuluh dalam pengembangan padi organik Kelompok Tani Tirto Dimulyo III Desa Klampokan termasuk dalam klasifikasi sedang. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan nyata dengan persepsi petani terhadap kinerja penyuluh dalam pengembangan padi organik yang meliputi tingkat pendidikan, pengetahuan petani, dan interaksi sosial petani, umur dan pengalaman kerja berhubungan nyata dengan persepsi petani terhadap kinerja penyuluh dalam pengembangan padi organik..
ANALYSIS OF MODERN PROCESSES OF WORLD ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
Authors: TKACHENKO Svitlana E.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The article highlights the problems and prospects of globalization of international economic relations, identifies the importance of globalization for the sectors of the world economy structure, determines the impact of globalization on different groups of countries, examines the state and actual tasks of the globalization process of the international economy in conditions of innovation and integration, to positive and negative effects. One of the main problems of globalization is the potential global instability due to the national economies interdependence of the countries at the global level.
The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact form of economic globalization on the competitiveness factors modification; the globalization conditions justification of national and world economic relations.
Results. The study of the problem and perspectives in the context of the globalization concept disclosure of the world economy made it possible to define this process as a transformational internationalization of the world economy into a global system of international scale on the principles of openness, universality and interdependence. The essential features that lead to the globalization development of the world economy are at the present stage: the formation of the world information space, scientific and technological progress; economic integration; a new system of labor international division; the implementation of universal liberal-democratic values.
Conclusions. Given the uneven distribution of the globalization benefits, of course, the negative effects of globalization processes in a particular country will significantly depend of the place, that this country occupies in the world economy. In this regard, three groups of threats, dangers, and potential problems have been identified, that arise at the present stage of development of economic activity internationalization, depending on which countries they may reach.
Keywords: globalization, integration, international economy, competition, world economy, economic development, national economy, socio-economic relations.
REGULATION OF THE CIRCULATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND:
SEARCH FOR A UKRAINIAN MODEL
Authors: SHELUDKO Ruslan , HOPTSII Dmytro
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The prerequisites for the circulation of agricultural land in Ukraine are considered in the article. The attention is paid to the peculiarities in comparison with other countries, which is important when choosing the Ukrainian model of the circulation of agricultural land.
The purpose of the article is to study systematically the existed agricultural models of the circulation of agricultural land in the world and to determine the most appropriate one for Ukraine in the current geopolitical conditions.
The results of the research. The classification of the agricultural land circulation models is proposed for the entities that can be market participants. The determined components that need clear regulation in the Ukrainian model are identified on the analysis basis of agricultural land circulation models existing in different countries of the world. These include entities that may be market participants; presence or absence of special entities; presence or absence of priority for the purchase of agricultural land; maximum area of agricultural land that can be privately owned by one person; food security mechanism; state mechanism of market regulation. The influence of each component on the market model in different countries is considered. It is proved that all countries whose market models are considered successful have a high level of state regulation aimed at protecting of national interests and supporting of domestic family-type farms.
The conclusions. A village-saving model of agricultural land circulation has been proposed for Ukraine, which involves giving farmers a priority in the purchase of agricultural land, the creation of a State Land Bank and a State Reserve of agricultural land that cannot be transferred to private property to guarantee the country's food security.
Keywords: agricultural land circulation, land market, moratorium, market model, agricultural land circulation model.
Rancang Bangun Alat Penampung Buku Berbasis Arduino Pada Sistem Pengembalian Buku Layanan Mandiri
Authors: Naf'an Emil
Published: February 2021

This study aims to design and create a book container in a self-service book return system at the Andalusia Library & Knowledge Center UPI "YPTK" Padang. Currently, the self-service book return system is carried out through a book drop machine. This book container is designed to complement the book drop machine. The returned book is inserted into the slanted gap so that it can slide into the book container. When the book container is empty, the base is at the upper limit position. If a book is entered, the base will automatically drop according to the thickness of the book. And so on, until it is full and the buzzer is active. Thus, it is hoped that book damage can be prevented due to the book falling too far down. The system is designed using ultrasonic sensors to detect upper and lower limits, a DC motor to move the base down according to the thickness of the book. After testing, the book container works well and is able to withstand loads of up to 22 kg with the number of books between 30 and 50 depending on the size of the book. The DC motor is able to move the book container when the load is maximum. The sensor can detect the thickness of the book, the upper and lower limits and the buzzer can activate when the book is full. Thus, this tool can be used to support the book drop in the self-service book return system.
Production of Functional Soft Cheese and Studying its Chemical and Sensory Evaluation Properties
Authors: Ghazal Mariam M. , Al-Hilfy Nawfal A.-A. H. , Ali Haider I.
Published: February 2021

This study design to produce of functional cheese by these parameters: (A) control using raw bovine milk (without any additive), (B) Al-mudhish skim milk powder, (C) Landoz skim milk powder, (D) Regiliat skim milk powder, (E) Spray skimmed milk and 2% inulin and 2% modified starch were added to skim  milk powder. The evaluation of chemical tests were performed including estimating moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, total acidity percentage and pH, and sensory evaluation properties during refrigerated storage at the periods (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28) days. The results showed that the functional soft cheese from Landoz milk powder with (2% inulin and 2% modified starch) was have a higher percent of moisture and carbohydrates during the last period of storage (28) days compared to the control. The production of soft cheese by using Landoz milk powder with a mixture of prebiotic and probiotic has got the highest sensory features
Virus As A Living Object
Authors: Vlcek Martin
Published: February 2021

Based on the study of living objects a new understanding of the functioning and of the general existence of the virus is proposed. The previous concept was a virus, which was a kind of chemical-technological pun, which fully exists only in the phase of transition from one host to another, its purpose of existence is only to spread, to infect and to destroy.
A Review On Corona Virus
Authors: Kaur Mandeep
Published: February 2021

Most varieties of viruses generally affect the higher respiratory tract of birds and animals and additionally to humans; coronavirus is certainly one of them. From time to time this coronavirus is spread to human beings from animals. Coronavirus is the reason behind the more severe outbreaks. Recently or current outbreaks of coronavirus is epi-contorted COVID-19. An acute respiratory disorder has been introduced; due to a unique coronavirus know as SARS-Cov-2, also known as 2019-nCoV. This COVID-19 (also as coronavirus sickness 2019) has unfolded in the Wuhan of Middle China and obtains the attention of global. In the 21st century, after the SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) in 2002 and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) in 2012, SARS-CoV 2 or COVID-19 is the one of the third creation which causes high scale epidemic coronavirus in the human population. These viruses cause usually more common cold than others. Health practitioners link them with the not unusual cold, pneumonia, fever, bloodless and additionally affect the gastrointestinal tract of a human. Meanwhile, several impartial studies agencies have recognized that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to ÃŸ-coronavirus, with the tremendously equal genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus occupies the same receptor, angiotensin-changing enzyme 2 (ACE-2) as that for SARS-CoV, and in particular spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, studies give proof that shows the transmission of this virus to human-to-human, along with many exported instances across the world. The geriatric population and people who are under some diseases are at risk of infection of this virus and susceptible to serious outcomes, which can be associated with acute breathing distress syndrome (ADRS).
Case Report on Importance of Role of Selenium Supplementation in Autoimmune Thyroiditis: 8 Months Follow-Up with Variable Doses
Authors: Shrivastava Abhishek
Published: February 2021

Introduction: India in present situation has passed through the Iodine deficient to Iodine sufficient country due to higher access of iodised salt to people consuming higher iodine intake. Higher iodine intake increases the risk of lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid gland by 3 folds, and this has increased the prevalence of thyroid autoantibody positivity by almost 40-50%.

Background: Selenium as know n has an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property, and has the highest concentration in the thyroid gland. Several studies have shown that or studied that selenium has a close relationship with Hashimotos Thyroiditis characterized by presence of antithyroid peroxidase auto antibody.

Aims and Objective: To study the effect of selenium supplementation in autoimmune thyroid disease. Two patients A and B with hypothyroidism both females with mean age 40+2 years were taken for this study, euthyroidism was achieved with substitutional therapy of levothyroxine of 100mcg dose. Both were then supplemented with selenium therapy.

Results: Female patient A whose (mean TPOAb was 815) received 200 mg L-selenomethionine per day, orally for 4 months, and other female patient B whose (mean TPOAb was 790 IU/ml) also received 200mg of L-selenomethionine per day for duration of 4 months. The profile was assessed with the compared value of Anti TPO Ab and found decrease in the level of TPO antibodies by around 10-12 % after 8 weeks of therapy as assessed by the lab values, patient A values were 716 IU/ml and patient B values were 695 IU/ml, and 18-20 % at the end of 16 weeks i.e. 4 months, patient A values were 669 IU/ml and patient B values were 631 IU/ml. After 1st phase the thyroid profile of both the patients were stable on 100mcg.

After duration of 6 months Female A was continued on L-selenomethionine 200 mg/day, while other female B the dose was reduced to 100 mg/day. Serum titers of TPOAb was assessed in both the female patients after 4 months. TPOAb titers increased significantly in female patient B with values of 820IU/ml around 30% as compared to female patient A with further decrease in titre values of 600 IU/ml.
Use of Statins in COVID-19 Treatment: Multiple Pathways but Minimal Evidence
Authors: JO Adeleye
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19) is an emerging viral infection of public importance and it is caused by a beta coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). So far, it has affected about 15 million individuals and over 600 000 patients have died from it. The virus is novel and there is no approved specific therapy for the infection. This has led to the trial of different drugs to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the infection. Statins are primarily used to lower cholesterol. They also have other pleiotropic effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. Coincidentally, the processes that statins antagonize are the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, it has been suggested that statins should be considered as an adjunct in the treatment of COVID-19. In the new era of evidence-based medicine, there is a need to examine the level of evidence available to support the clinically beneficial effect of statins in COVID-19 treatment. This literature review explores the strength and volume of evidence for the usage of statins in COVID-19. However, as at the time of writing this review, the evidence base is very scanty. The most quoted evidence available is a retrospective study which is a low level of evidence. Therefore, it can be concluded that there are various mechanisms identified by which statins could be useful in the treatment of COVID-19. However, the evidence for their recommendation as adjuncts for COVID-19 treatment is very weak.
The Affinity between Obesity and COVID-19
Authors: Sofra Xanya
Published: February 2021

The objective was to identify some of the common denominators that undermine health and increase COVID-19 vulnerability. The virus has a binding affinity for ACE2 receptors which are abundant in adipose tissue, placing obesity at the spotlight of the COVID-19 susceptibility factors. Obese individuals manifest respiratory problems that elevate viral mortality rates. Visceral adiposity progressively increases with age, often accompanied by inflammation, high VLDL, triglycerides, Free T3 abnormalities, low testosterone, and exacerbated cortisol. Disturbances in the anorexic and orexigenic hormones leptin and ghrelin respectively, lead to weight gain, rendering physical activity challenging and cumbersome. The lack of exercise compromises health and immunity. Toxicity is enhanced by inactivity, while moderate exercise promotes cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), safeguarding against most chronic diseases. However, excessive exercise results in an inverse cortisol/testosterone relationship leading to hormonal imbalance. In search of solutions to proactively protect public health, we conducted a randomized double-blind clinical trial on ten overweight menopausal women with medical issues including diabetes and hyperphagia, to investigate the possibility of weight reduction and increased appetite regulation. Results delineated a statistically significant decrease in BMI, visceral adipose tissue, VLDL, and triglycerides, an inverse relationship between both testosterone/cortisol and leptin/ghrelin, and reduced hyperphagia. Testosterone and leptin, along with Free T3 and IGF-1 climbed towards the peak of the normal range, juxtaposed by cortisol and ghrelin that decreased but without regressing outside normalcy.
EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN PADA DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KOTA PALANGKA RAYA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PELAYANAN PRIMA
Authors: FRASTINGGO SAPUTRA
Published: February 2021

Pada perkembangan zaman saat ini, Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Palangka Raya masih saja kesulitan terhadap sarana dan prasarana pelayanan dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat dan tetap berupaya mewujudkan pelayanan yang prima, kesadaran masyarakat yang kurang terhadap Administrasi Kependudukan membuat aparatur Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil menggunakan sistem “jemput bola” yang mengharuskan petugas untuk turun kelapangan menghadapi masyarakat untuk melakukan Administrasi Kependudukan. Faktor pendukung dan penghambat tentu sangat mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan publik pada Administrasi Kependudukan dan manajemen pelayanan yang berkualitas tentu dapat membantu para aparatur dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Metode ini digunakan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Pelayanan yang diberikan oleh Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Palangka Raya dan untuk mengetahui apa saja yang menjadi faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah kepala Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Palangka Raya, sekretaris, kepala bidang pengelolaan informasi kependudukan, serta masyarakat. Untuk teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.Simpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa efektivitas pelayanan pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Palangka Raya masih belum maksimal. Hal ini dikarenakan oleh minimnya sarana dan prasarana pendukung Administrasi Kependudukan dan kurangnya perhatian dari Kemendagri terhadap sarana pelayanan. Kesadaran dari masyarakat yang kurang untuk melakukan administrasi kependudukan menjadi faktor penghambat dalam pendataan penduduk pada Disdukcapil Kota Palangka Raya.