bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s the potential for environmental DNA (eDNA) to assess stygofauna and trogolofauna: pilot studies from Western Australia
Authors: White Nicole , Guzik Michelle , Cooper Steven , Austin Andrew , Bunce Michael
Published: December 2018

Biological organisms living in any environment can expel DNA into their surroundings through fecal matter, mucus, shed skin, gametes, etc. Here we examine the utility of metabarcoding from a variety of environmental DNA (eDNA) substrates collected from the Pilbara region, Western Australia, to assess the feasibility for both stygo- and troglofauna detection. With metabarcoding, we confirm eDNA from both stygo- and troglofauna is detectable via molecules. In addition, our proof-of-concept and validation of using an eDNA approach was confirmed when both traditional morphological and metabarcoding assessments were compared. The metabarcoding results from the eDNA substrates are very encouraging when compared to the results of traditional morphological assessments, although highlighted the need for comprehensive DNA reference databases to be accessible for metabarcoding comparisons in order to obtain species identifications and community assemblage profiles. Furthermore, our results indicate a standardised field sampling collection method is warranted in order to maximise the success of subterranean eDNA detection from environmental substrates. eDNA data collected suggest metabarcoding approaches will become a powerful part of the toolkit to study subterranean fauna.
New data on karyotypes of lace bugs (Tingidae, Cimicomorpha, Hemiptera) with analysis of the 18S rDNA clusters distribution
Authors: Golub Natalia V. , Golub Viktor B. , Kuznetsova Valentina G.
Published: December 2018

The karyotypes of 10 species from 9 genera of the family Tingidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cimicomorpha) are described and illustrated for the first time. These species are: Agrammaatricapillum (Spinola, 1837), Catoplatuscarthusianus (Goeze, 1778), Dictylaplatyoma (Fieber, 1861), Lasiacanthahermani Vásárhelyi, 1977, Oncochilasimplex (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830), Tingis (Neolasiotropis) pilosa Hummel, 1825, and T. (Tropidocheila) reticulata Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835, all with 2n = 12A + XY, as well as Acalyptamarginata (Wolff, 1804), Derephysia (Paraderephysia) longispina Golub, 1974, and Dictyonotastrichnocera Fieber, 1844, all with 2n = 12A + X(0). Moreover, genera Catoplatus Spinola, 1837, Derephysia Spinola, 1837, and Oncochila (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1830) were explored cytogenetically for the first time. Much as all other hitherto studied lace bugs, the species studied here have 12 autosomes but differ in their sex chromosome systems. The ribosomal clusters were localized on male meiotic cells of all ten species already mentioned and, additionally, in Acalyptacarinata Panzer, 1806 known to have 2n = 12A + X (Grozeva and Nokkala 2001) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a PCR amplified 18S rDNA fragment as a probe. In all cases, rDNA loci were located interstitially on a pair of autosomes. Furthermore, two species possessed some additional rDNA clusters. Thus, Acalyptamarginata showed clearly defined interstitial clusters on one more pair of autosomes, whereas Derephysialongispina had a terminal cluster on the X-chromosome. FISH performed with the telomeric (TTAGG)n probe did not reveal labelling in chromosomes of any species studied. Hence, the results obtained provide additional evidence for the karyotype conservatism, at least regarding the number of autosomes, for variation in chromosomal distribution of rDNA loci between species and for the lack of the ancestral insect telomeric sequence TTAGG in lace bugs. Preliminary taxonomic comments are made basing on some cytogenetic evidence.
Pilot satellitome analysis of the model plant, Physcomitrella patens, revealed a transcribed and high-copy IGS related tandem repeat
Authors: Kirov Ilya , Gilyok Marina , Knyazev Andrey , Fesenko Igor
Published: December 2018

Satellite DNA (satDNA) constitutes a substantial part of eukaryotic genomes. In the last decade, it has been shown that satDNA is not an inert part of the genome and its function extends beyond the nuclear membrane. However, the number of model plant species suitable for studying the novel horizons of satDNA functionality is low. Here, we explored the satellitome of the model “basal” plant, Physcomitrellapatens (Hedwig, 1801) Bruch & Schimper, 1849 (moss), which has a number of advantages for deep functional and evolutionary research. Using a newly developed pyTanFinder pipeline (https://github.com/Kirovez/pyTanFinder) coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we identified five high copy number tandem repeats (TRs) occupying a long DNA array in the moss genome. The nuclear organization study revealed that two TRs had distinct locations in the moss genome, concentrating in the heterochromatin and knob-rDNA like chromatin bodies. Further genomic, epigenetic and transcriptomic analysis showed that one TR, named PpNATR76, was located in the intergenic spacer (IGS) region and transcribed into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Several specific features of PpNATR76 lncRNAs make them very similar with the recently discovered human lncRNAs, raising a number of questions for future studies. This work provides new resources for functional studies of satellitome in plants using the model organism P.patens, and describes a list of tandem repeats for further analysis.
Des minorités pas comme les autres ?
Authors: Haddad Marine
Published: December 2018

Resume Nés du système esclavagiste et de la colonisation avant de devenir des territoires français à part entière, les départements d’outremer sont aussi reliés à la France métropolitaine par d’importants flux migratoires. À partir du module de l’enquête « Trajectoires et Origines » portant sur le vécu du racisme et des discriminations et de 33 entretiens menés avec des migrants ultramarins, cette étude fait ressortir l’expérience commune aux migrants des DOM et aux immigrés postcoloniaux, en particulier ceux issus d’Afrique subsaharienne. Comme ces derniers, les ultramarins reportent de nombreux traitements inégalitaires liés à leur couleur de peau, tout en mobilisant des stratégies de mise à distance. Parmi ces stratégies, les registres de différenciation vis-à-vis de certains groupes migratoires occupent une place importante. Les ultramarins écartent le stigmate du racisme en insistant sur la distance les séparant des autres non-blancs. Leurs récits reflètent ainsi la dualité du racisme, entre relégation des migrants dans une même altérité et mise en concurrence de ces populations.
Percent Body Fat Measurement in the Medical Management of Children with Obesity
Authors: Quadri Maheen , Ariza Adolfo J. , Selvaraj Kavitha , Schaller Karen , Binns Helen J.
Published: December 2018

Sustaining weight loss can be challenging, as physiological responses to weight loss, including metabolic and hormonal adaptations and decreased energy expenditure, promote weight regain. Paired with sustained dietary changes, physical activity can promote weight maintenance after successful weight loss, as physical activity can help maintain fat-free mass. We present several illustrative cases to highlight the potential use of body composition measurement using a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) scale to augment obesity management counseling in a tertiary care pediatric weight-management clinic. BIA does require some interpretation, as it can be affected by hydration status and time of day, as well as patient age, sex, and body mass index. Nonetheless, BIA can be a helpful aid to obesity counseling. More research is needed to better understand how to use change in percent body fat over time as a motivational tool for management of children with obesity.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2018;47(12):e487–e493.]
Pediatric Hypertension
Authors: Matossian Debora
Published: December 2018

The prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension in children and adolescents has increased over the past decade. This trend is most likely related to increases in primary hypertension associated with increasing obesity rates in children. Lifestyle as well as genetics play a significant role in the development of primary hypertension. Hypertension in children and adolescents is under-recognized and undertreated. The 2017 Revised Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents aimed to create new normative blood pressure tables using data from healthy weight children, meaning between the 5th and 85th percentile per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Another important objective was to simplify normative data to ease screening and detection of elevated blood pressures. The consequences of chronic hypertension are significant, with its major affect being in poor cardiovascular health outcomes both in childhood and early adulthood. Challenges to detection and adequate treatment should be overcome with continued education and awareness to prevent the long-term effects of uncontrolled hypertension that starts in childhood.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2018;47(12):e499–e503.]
“Reynante(s) en vno”. Fundamentación teórica del poder de la pareja regia en la Corona de Castilla durante la Baja Edad Media
Authors: Pelaz Flores Diana
Published: December 2018

La consolidación de los estudios relacionados con el poder de las reinas medievales hace necesario plantear nuevos interrogantes que fortalezcan el conocimiento de sus funciones en las cortes de las monarquías europeas. Para poder comprender tanto la actuación que protagonizan durante el reinado de su marido como su propia identidad como reinas hay que conocer la conceptualización teórica de su papel como esposa del rey. Este artículo pretende analizar lo que supone el matrimonio como vínculo indisoluble entre los esposos y cómo afecta el significado de dicha unión a la hora de caracterizar a la reina. Gracias a la interpretación de los textos bíblicos en relación al matrimonio y su importancia en las fuentes legislativas castellanas se entenderá el papel que juega la reina como parte del cuerpo político de la monarquía.
Deute públic i renda censalista al País Valencià en el segle XV. Una proposta d’interpretació
Authors: Viciano Pau
Published: December 2018

L’emergència de la nova fiscalitat –de la Corona, de les ciutats i del regne– va ser, sens dubte, una de les grans transformacions polítiques i econòmiques del final de l’edat mitjana. Amb l’impost va aparèixer un deute públic consolidat que, en la Corona d’Aragó, es va desenvolupar mitjançant el censal, un instrument financer semblant a les rentes constituées franceses o les perpetual annuities angleses. A partir del cas del País Valencià, pot assajar-se una estimació del volum de rendes generat pel deute públic i de com es distribuïen des del punt de vista geogràfic i social. Així doncs, en aquest article s’estudia en quins nivells de la xarxa urbana es concentraven aquests recursos i quins grups socials eren els seus principals beneficiaris, amb especial atenció a la noblesa, que va trobar en aquesta forma d’ingressos un complement al declivi o a la insuficiència de la renda feudal en una època de reestructuració de la societat.
Media Entrepreneurs and Market Dynamics
Authors: Tokbaeva Dinara
Published: December 2018

The post-Soviet space has seen a large-scale transformation of media markets that is marked with an unprecedented rise of entrepreneurial initiatives across business sectors, including media businesses. This paper analysed the dynamics of Russian media markets and the challenges of Russian media entrepreneurs. The media markets of Russia shifted toward more concentration and fragmentation, and media holdings are continuously gaining more power. This paper also looked at the regional media markets of Russia. According to research, there are less than 20 self-sustainable regional media holdings in Russia due to the low capacity of regional advertising markets. National media holdings have a diversified portfolio consisting of different types of media with a growing fraction of digital media companies, and the regional media lag behind in terms of its digital component. Most regional media holdings operate traditional media. Their digital channels are yet to be developed, despite the chief executives' acknowledgement that the future of revenue streams comes from digital channels.
ERRATUM: Surgical treatment of a chronically fixed lateral patella dislocation in an adolescent patient
Authors: Li Xinning , Nielsen Natalie M. , Zhou Hanbing , Shubin Stein Beth Ellen , Shelton Yvonne A. , Busconi Brian D.
Published: December 2018

Due to a technical error, part of the surname of an author (i.e. Stein instead of Shubin Stein) was omitted in the original published version of this paper [Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2013;5:45-7. doi: 10.4081/or.2013.e9].
Asymptotic stability of local Helfrich minimizers
Authors: Lengeler Daniel
Published: December 2018

We show that local minimizers of the Canham–Helfrich energy are asymptotically stable with respect to a model for relaxational fluid vesicle dynamics that we already studied in previous papers ([13, 14]). The proof is based on a Łojasiewicz–Simon inequality.
Approximation of minimal surfaces with free boundaries
Authors: Dierkes Ulrich , Jenschke Tristan , Pozzi Paola
Published: December 2018

In this paper we develop a penalty method to approximate solutions of the free boundary problem for minimal surfaces. To this end we study the problem of finding minimizers of a functional

F_{\lambda}

which is defined as the sum of the Dirichlet integral and an appropriate penalty term weighted by a parameter

\lambda

. We prove existence of a solution for

\lambda

large enough as well as convergence to a solution of the free boundary problem as

\lambda

tends to infinity. Additionally regularity at the boundary of these solutions is shown, which is crucial for deriving numerical error estimates. Since every solution is harmonic, the analysis is largely simplified by considering boundary values only and using harmonic extensions.

In a subsequent paper we develop a fully discrete finite element procedure for approximating solutions to this problem and prove an error estimate which includes an order of convergence with respect to the grid size.
Teaching Undergraduate Soil Management to Diverse Majors: Linking Lectures with Field Practicals
Authors: Blanco-Canqui Humberto , Ruis Sabrina J. , Speth Carol A. , Lee Donald J.
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas

Undergraduate students favored field activities related to soil management to enhance their learning.

Most students indicated that field tests connected lecture with reality.

Field activities can improve learning of soil management, particularly for non‐soils major students.

Pairing lectures with field activities can be an effective strategy to teach large (>75) undergraduate soil courses with a wide variety of majors.

Enhancing student learning of soil management demands effective teaching strategies. Devoting some lecture periods to field activities could provide a hands‐on learning experience, but studies on this approach—particularly in lecture‐only, diverse‐major, and large undergraduate courses—are not available. We assessed this approach for 3 years in a soil management course for a total of 211 undergraduate students with diverse but related majors. About 23 to 37% of the students were non‐soils or non‐agronomy majors each year. We included two field sessions in fall semester of each year to illustrate how management affects soil processes and properties. Student surveys (21 questions), using ratings on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), showed that students favored field practicals (>4). Students perceived that the written report regarding the field activities further aided their learning (mean of 3.25 across 3 years). Field tests connected lectures with real‐world application, especially for non‐soils/agronomy majors. Some challenges with lecture–field activity teaching approach for large classes (>75 students) include providing opportunities for each student to conduct field measurements, limited time during field tests, and compromising lecture material coverage with in‐depth learning material, among others. Overall, connecting lectures with field activities can improve student perception of increased learning of soil management, particularly for non‐soils major students.
Contributions to the explosive growth of PM2.5 mass due to aerosol–radiation feedback and decrease in turbulent diffusion during a red alert heavy haze in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, China
Authors: Wang Hong , Peng Yue , Zhang Xiaoye , Liu Hongli , Zhang Meng , Che Huizheng , Cheng Yanli , Zheng Yu
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The explosive growth of PM2.5 mass usually results in extreme PM2.5 levels and severe haze
pollution in eastern China, and is generally underestimated by current
atmospheric chemistry models. Based on one such model, GRAPES_CUACE, three
sensitivity experiments – a “background” experiment (EXP1), an “online
aerosol feedback” experiment (EXP2), and an “80 % decrease in the
turbulent diffusion coefficient of chemical tracers” experiment, based on
EXP2 (EXP3) – were designed to study the contributions of the
aerosol–radiation feedback (AF) and the decrease in the turbulent diffusion
coefficient to the explosive growth of PM2.5 during a “red alert”
heavy haze event in China's Jing–Jin–Ji (Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei) region.
The results showed that the turbulent diffusion coefficient calculated by
EXP1 was about 60–70 m−2 s−1 on a clear day and
30–35 m−2 s−1 on a haze day. This difference in the diffusion
coefficient was not enough to distinguish between the unstable atmosphere on
the clear day and the extremely stable atmosphere during the PM2.5
explosive growth stage. Furthermore, the inversion calculated by EXP1 was
obviously weaker than the actual inversion from sounding observations on the
haze day. This led to a 40 %–51 % underestimation of PM2.5 by
EXP1; the AF decreased the diffusion coefficient by about 43 %–57 %
during the PM2.5 explosive growth stage, which obviously strengthened
the local inversion. In addition, the local inversion indicated by EXP2 was
much closer to the sounding observations than that indicated by EXP1. This
resulted in a 20 %–25 % reduction of PM2.5 negative errors in
the model, with errors as low as −16 % to −11 % in EXP2. However,
the inversion produced by EXP2 was still weaker than the actual observations,
and the AF alone could not completely explain the PM2.5 underestimation.
Based on EXP2, the 80 % decrease in the turbulent diffusion coefficient
of chemical tracers in EXP3 resulted in near-zero turbulent diffusion,
referred to as a “turbulent intermittence” atmospheric state, which
subsequently resulted in a further 14 %–20 % reduction of the
PM2.5 underestimation; moreover, the negative PM2.5 errors were
reduced to −11 % to 2 %. The combined effects of the AF and the
decrease in the turbulent diffusion coefficient explained over 79 % of
the underestimation of the explosive growth of PM2.5 in this study. The
results show that online calculation of the AF is essential for the
prediction of PM2.5 explosive growth and peaks during severe haze in
China's Jing–Jin–Ji region. Furthermore, an improvement in the planetary
boundary layer scheme with respect to extremely stable atmospheric
stratification is essential for a reasonable description of local “turbulent
intermittence” and a more accurate prediction of PM2.5 explosive growth
during severe haze in this region of China.
Quantitative mapping and predictive modeling of Mn nodules' distribution from hydroacoustic and optical AUV data linked by random forests machine learning
Authors: Gazis Iason-Zois , Schoening Timm , Alevizos Evangelos , Greinert Jens
Published: December 2018

Abstract. In this study, high-resolution bathymetric multibeam and optical image data,
both obtained within the Belgian manganese (Mn) nodule mining license area by
the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Abyss, were combined in
order to create a predictive random
forests (RF) machine learning model. AUV bathymetry reveals small-scale
terrain variations, allowing slope estimations and calculation of bathymetric
derivatives such as slope, curvature, and ruggedness. Optical AUV imagery
provides quantitative information regarding the distribution (number and
median size) of Mn nodules. Within the area considered in this study, Mn
nodules show a heterogeneous and spatially clustered pattern, and their
number per square meter is negatively correlated with their median size. A
prediction of the number of Mn nodules was achieved by combining information
derived from the acoustic and optical data using a RF model. This model was
tuned by examining the influence of the training set size, the number of
growing trees (ntree), and the number of predictor variables to be
randomly selected at each node (mtry) on the RF prediction accuracy. The use of larger training
data sets with higher ntree and mtry values increases the
accuracy. To estimate the Mn-nodule abundance, these predictions were linked
to ground-truth data acquired by box coring. Linking optical and
hydroacoustic data revealed a nonlinear relationship between the Mn-nodule
distribution and topographic characteristics. This highlights the importance
of a detailed terrain reconstruction for a predictive modeling of Mn-nodule
abundance. In addition, this study underlines the necessity of a sufficient
spatial distribution of the optical data to provide reliable modeling input
for the RF.
Ideas and perspectives: Synergies from co-deployment of negative emission technologies
Authors: Amann Thorben , Hartmann Jens
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Numerous publications propose the deployment of negative emission technologies, which intend to actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere with the goal to reach the 1.5° target as discussed by the IPCC. The increasing amount of scientific studies on the individual potential of different envisaged technologies and methods indicates, that no single method has enough capacities to mitigate the issue by itself. It is thus expected that technology portfolios are deployed. As some of them utilize the same environmental compartment, co-deployment effects are expected. Those effects are particularly important to evaluate with respect to additional CO2 uptake. Considering soils as one of the main affected compartments, we see a plethora of processes which can positively benefit from each other, canceling out negative side effects or increasing overall CO2 sequestration potentials. To derive more reliable estimates of negative emission potentials and to evaluate common effects on global carbon pools, it is now necessary to intensively study interrelated effects of negative emission technology deployment CO2 sequestration potentials while minimizing side effects.
Insights from year-long measurements of air-water CH4 and CO2 exchange in a coastal environment
Authors: Yang Mingxi , Bell Thomas G. , Brown Ian J. , Fishwick James R. , Kitidis Vassilis , Nightingale Philip D. , Rees Andrew P. , Smyth Timothy J.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Air-water CH4 and CO2 fluxes were directly measured using the eddy covariance technique at the Penlee Point Atmospheric Observatory on the southwest coast of the United Kingdom from September 2015 to August 2016. The high frequency, year-long measurements provide unprecedented detail into the variability of these Greenhouse Gas fluxes from seasonal to diurnal and to semi-diurnal timescales. Depending on the wind sector, fluxes measured at this site are indicative of air-water exchange in coastal seas as well as in an outer estuary. For the open water sector when winds were off the Atlantic Ocean, annual CH4 emission averaged ~ 0.05 mmol m−2 d−1. Open water CH4 flux was near zero in December and January, probably due to reduced biological production of CH4. At times of high rainfall and river flow rate, CH4 emission from the estuarine-influenced Plymouth Sound sector was several times higher than emission from the open water sector. The implied CH4 saturation, derived from the measured fluxes and a wind speed dependent gas transfer velocity parameterization, of over 1000 % in the Plymouth Sound is within range of in situ dissolved CH4 measurements near the mouth of the river Tamar. CO2 flux from the open water sector was generally from sea-to-air in autumn and winter and from air-to-sea in late spring and summer, with an annual mean flux of near zero. CO2 flux from the Plymouth Sound sector was more positive, consistent with a higher dissolved CO2 concentration in the estuarine waters. A diurnal signal in CO2 flux and implied dissolved pCO2 are clearly observed for the Plymouth Sound sector and also evident for the open water sector during biologically productive periods. These observations suggest that coastal CO2 efflux may be underestimated if the sampling strategy is limited to daytime only. Combining the fluxes with in situ dissolved pCO2 measurements within the flux footprints allows us to estimate the CO2 transfer velocity. The gas transfer velocity vs. wind speed relationship at this coastal location agrees reasonably well with previous open water parameterizations in the mean, but demonstrates considerable variability. We discuss the influences of biological productivity and bottom-driven turbulence on coastal air-water gas exchange.
Optimizing shrub parameters to estimate gross primary production of the sagebrush ecosystem using the Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2) model
Authors: Pandit Karun , Dashti Hamid , Glenn Nancy F. , Flores Alejandro N. , Maguire Kaitlin C. , Shinneman Douglas J. , Flerchinger Gerald N. , Fellows Aaron W.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Gross primary production (GPP) is one of the most critical processes in the global carbon cycle, but is difficult to quantify in part because of its high spatiotemporal variability. Direct techniques to quantify GPP are lacking, thus, researchers rely on data inferred from eddy covariance (EC) towers and/or ecosystem dynamic models. The latter are useful to quantify GPP over time and space because of their efficiency over direct field measurements and applicability to broad spatial extents. However, such models have also been associated with internal uncertainties and complexities arising from distinct qualities of the ecosystem being analyzed. Widely distributed sagebrush-steppe ecosystems in western North America are threatened by anthropogenic disturbance, invasive species, climate change, and altered fire regimes. Although land managers have focused on different restoration techniques, the effects of these activities and their interactions with fire, climate change, and invasive species on ecosystem dynamics are poorly understood. In this study, we applied an ecosystem dynamic model, Ecosystem Demography (EDv2.2), to parameterize and predict GPP for sagebrush-steppe ecosystems in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW), located in the northern Great Basin. Our primary objective was to develop and parameterize a sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) shrubland Plant Functional Type (PFT) for use in the EDv2.2 model, which will support future studies to model estimates of GPP under different climate and management scenarios. To accomplish this, we employed a three-tiered approach. First, to parameterize the sagebrush PFT, we fitted allometric relationships for sagebrush using field-collected data, gathered information from existing sagebrush literature, and borrowed values from other PFTs in EDv2.2. Second, we identified the five most sensitive parameters out of thirteen that were found to be influential in GPP prediction based on previous studies. Third, we optimized the five parameters using an exhaustive search method to predict GPP, and performed validation using observations from two EC sites in the study area. Our modeled results were encouraging, with reasonable fidelity to observed values, although some negative biases (i.e., seasonal underestimates of GPP) were apparent. We expect that, with further refinement, the resulting sagebrush PFT will permit explicit scenario testing of potential anthropogenic modifications of GPP in sagebrush ecosystems, and will contribute to a better understanding of the role of sagebrush ecosystems in shaping global carbon cycles.
Numerical study on the response of the largest lake in China to climate change
Authors: Su Dongsheng , Hu Xiuqing , Wen Lijuan , Zhao Lin , Li Zhaoguo , Du Juan , Kirillin Georgiy
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Lakes are sensitive indicators of climate change. There are thousands of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), more than 1200 of them having an area larger than 1 km2, but few observation data of lakes are available. Therefore, the thermal condition of the plateau lakes under the background of climate warming remain poorly understood. In this study, the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset developed by Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ITPCAS), MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) data and buoy observation data were used to reveal the response of thermal conditions of Qinghai Lake to the recent climate change and to analyze the applicability of Freshwater Lake Model (FLake) to Qinghai Lake. Despite some deviations caused by model simplifications and uncertain forcing data, FLake demonstrated a good ability in capturing the seasonal variations of the lake surface temperature and the internal thermal structure of Qinghai Lake. The simulated lake surface temperature demonstrated a positive trend from 1979 to 2012, positively correlated with the air temperature and the downward longwave radiation, while negatively correlated with the wind speed and with the solar radiation but failing to pass the significance test. The simulated internal thermodynamic structure revealed that, if the impact of salinity is not considered, the Qinghai Lake is a dimictic lake with two overturn periods occurring in late spring and late autumn respectively. The surface and mean water temperatures significantly increased from 1979 to 2012, while the bottom temperatures showed no significant trend, even decreasing slightly from 1989 to 2012. The warming was the strongest in winter for both LST and air temperature. With the warming of the climate, the earlier ice break-up and later ice-on were simulated, having a strong effect on lake-air temperature differences in January and May.
Mujeres, polifonías y justicia transicional en Colombia: narrativas afrocéntricas de la(s) violencia(s) en el conflicto armado
Authors: Medina García Paula
Published: December 2018

A través de una lectura feminista interseccional del escenario de “postconflicto”/post-acuerdo en Colombia, este trabajo analiza: i) la violencia contra las mujeres en contextos de guerra como poder exhibido e instrumental; ii) el impacto de las violencias contra las mujeres afrodescendientes en el conflicto armado –para lo cual se ha utilizado tanto la información disponible del Registro Único de Víctimas (RUV) como los relatos de las víctimas; iii) las múltiples violencias superpuestas que sufren las mujeres afrodescendientes, como parte de un continuum, entendiendo la guerra como un escenario en el que éstas se encarnan y letalizan de forma pública; y iv) la justicia transicional como arena en disputa, especialmente a raíz de la firma de los Acuerdos de Paz. Para ello, se parte de las propias narrativas de las mujeres afrodescendientes como sujetos políticos activos en el proceso de justicia transicional –verdad, reparación y garantías de no repetición–. En esta línea, se parte de una revisión de la víctima qua víctima, adoptando una mirada constructivista de esta categoría –en un intento por superar concepciones esencialistas y paternalistas de la misma–, y abogando por la resignificación de la capacidad de agencia de dichas mujeres para retejer y disputar al Estado el control sobre los procesos de justicia, verdad, reparación y memoria.
¿Todas deberíamos ser feministas?: Mujeres afroecuatorianas frente al feminismo negro
Authors: Moreno Zapata Francia Jenny
Published: December 2018

En nuestros días es necesario hacer un análisis profundo sobre lo que significa que muchas mujeres comprometen sus vidas en un propósito político. Hoy podemos ver que muchas mujeres no quieren tomar ese lugar argumentativo y político llamado feminismo porque están desarrollando otro tipo de herramientas para dar mejores soluciones a sus problemas cotidianos. Hay muchas de ellas que usan otros recursos y estrategias más cercanas para obtener una comprensión de sus vidas y sus relaciones. El interés de este artículo es mostrar a algunas mujeres afroecuatorianas que usan otras formas de enfrentar, paso a paso, cada aspecto de su cotidianidad con poder y entusiasmo. Son protagonistas en su día a día al mismo tiempo, son un pilar en sus comunidades.
Los feminismos afro en Latinoamérica y El Caribe, tradiciones disidentes: del pensamiento anticolonial a la defensa de la tierra
Authors: González Ortuño Gabriela
Published: December 2018

En este trabajo se exploran las formas en las que los pensamientos feministas afro latinoamericanos y del Caribe han tenido un tránsito del pensamiento anticolonial al descolonial, en el que la defensa de la tierra tiene un papel primordial como un factor en el que se desarrollan conceptos como territorio propio, a diferencia del de diáspora y retorno de los feminismos negros de principios de siglo XX que se desarrollaron desde el panafricanismo. Asimismo, de pensamiento anticolonial con un fuerte componente anti imperialista, por un lado, y el desarrollo de una idea de Nación Africana a partir de la diáspora esclavista, por otro, se ha transitado a la idea de autonomía y defensa de la tierra a causa de los conflictos que han desplazado a las comunidades afro en la región. Esto implica un par de cambios importantes. El primero es que se ha asumido al territorio latinoamericano y caribeño como propio, sin la necesidad de añorar una gran matriz africana a la que se debe retornar; el segundo, es que la narrativa política de la historia dejó de apuntar a la diáspora como elemento de articulación política para pensar la historia de otras poblaciones subalternizadas como las indígenas en el territorio latinoamericano y caribeño. De la misma forma podemos apuntar que se transitó de la idea de nación a la de pueblo, lo que implica una lucha regional que, sin embargo, no deja de apelar a una articulación política a partir de la idea de raza y género como elementos descoloniales.
Demographic Structure and Level of Exploitation of the Small Pelagic Pellonula leonensis Boulenger, 1916 (Pisces; Clupeidae) Fishery in the Aghien lagoon, West Africa
Authors: Romuald Assi Sonan , Charles Boussou Koffi , Félix Konan Koffi , Gustave Aliko N’Guessan , Yves Bony Kotchi , Germain Gourène
Published: December 2018

Demographic structure and level of exploitation of Pellonula leonensis in the Aghien lagoon were examined by applying length-weight relationship (LWR), Condition factor, Von Bertalanffy model, Mortality parameters, Exploitation rate, Recruitment pattern and Beverton and Holt analysis. Fish population were sampled monthly during one year between June 2014 and May 2015 from artisanal and experimental captures in the Aghien Lagoon. Except LWR and the condition factor, studied parameters were provided by the FiSAT II package. The negative allometric growth (b = 2.61) was reported for Pellonula leonensis. Mean values of the condition factor (CF) vary significantly from one month to another (Anova, p ˂ 0.05). Concerning growth parameters, results indicated that the asymptotic length (L∞) has been estimated at 126.84 mm SL, growth coefficient (K) was 0.67 year -1 and growth performance index (Φ') was 2.03. Growth modelization revealed 4 cohorts for Pellonula leonensis. The estimates of the total (Z), natural (M) and fishing (F) mortalities were 1.87, 0.92 and 0.95 year -1 respectively. The recruitment pattern was continuous throughout the year with two Gauss curve. The exploitation rate obtained (E = 0.51) was close to E0.1 (E0.1 = 0.55), thus indicating that the P. leonensis stock is in an optimum state of exploitation.
O desenvolvimento do e-government na esfera local a partir de dimensões políticas, tecnológicas e sociais
Authors: Müller Pedro Antonio , Tirelli Cláudia , Gil-Garcia Ramon
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta um modelo para identificar variáveis com grau de relevância para odesenvolvimento do e-government na esfera regional. Tem como propósitos contribuir para oentendimento do contexto local a partir de informações analíticas e auxiliar o planejamentodo e-government por gestores municipais. Também estimula o desenvolvimento regional,auxiliando servidores públicos a entender variáveis relevantes no contexto local, para aresolução de problemas sociais. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, foi utilizado o métodoquantitativo, com a participação de municípios do extremo sul do Brasil. Identificou-se que,na maioria dos municípios, o e-government ainda está em estágios iniciais, e a tecnologiade informação é utilizada basicamente como meio de comunicação. Também constatou-seque as variáveis infraestrutura tecnológica, recursos financeiros, população, orçamentomunicipal e taxa de analfabetismo têm se mostrado mais propensas a influenciar o estágiode maturidade do e-government.
Aplicação de farinha de banana verde na substituição parcial da farinha de trigo em pão de forma
Authors: Viana Eliseth De Souza , Souza Andrea Dos Santos , Reis Ronielli Cardoso , Oliveira Vânia Jesus dos Santos de
Published: December 2018

The objective of this work was to develop a sliced bread product with green banana flour in order to obtain high resistant starch content and good acceptance. Four bread formulations were studied, at concentrations of 0% (control), 15%, 20% and 25% green banana flour (Terra Maranhão variety). The green banana flour (GBF) was characterized as to color (L * coordinate and C * and h * parameters), and flour and bread were characterized with respect to chemical composition and total and resistant starch contents. Sensory acceptance of breads was investigated for the attributes color, flavor, aroma, texture, overall acceptance and purchase intention. The GBF presented light yellow color, with values of L * = 81.32, C * = 18.37 and h * = 89.51. The values (d. b.) for the other characteristics were: yield, 25.17%; moisture, 6.69%; ash, 1.60%; protein, 2.66%; lipids, 0.61%; total starch, 67.49%; and resistant starch, 56.29%. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the breads containing GBF, and the sliced breads showed lower protein value (8.64%) than the control (10.60%) and higher resistant starch content (2.91%) compared to the control (0.65%). Addition of GBF to bread did not interfere with the moisture, ash and lipid contents of the products. Breads with concentrations of 15 and 20% GBF received acceptance higher than 90% for all sensory attributes. The use of GBF in sliced bread at the 15% and 20% levels resulted in a product with high sensory acceptance (greater than 90%) and with resistant starch content 4.2 times higher than conventional sliced bread.
Prevalência sorológica de Brucella spp. em porcos ferais e bovinos em simpatria no Pantanal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Zimmermann Namor Pinheiro , Peres Igor Alexandre Hany Fuzeta Schabib , Braz Paulo Henrique , Juliano Raquel Soares , Mathias Luis Antônio , Pellegrin Aiesca Oliveira
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies in feral pigs and bovines simpatrics in the Pantanal subregions of Paiaguás and Nhecolândia. The study was conducted in the municipality of Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. A total of 105 feral pigs and 256 cattle were sampled in 12 farms, in all animals blood samples were collected for the serological diagnosis with Rose Bengal Test (RBT) for screening, 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) confirmatory test and comparative test with Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA). The prevalence of positive feral pigs were 1% (1/105) in the RBT and FPA and no positive AAT results were confirmed in the 2-ME test. The prevalence of positive cattle sampled was 11.32%, 4.3% and 7.42% in the RBT, 2-ME and FPA tests respectively. The degree of agreement obtained between the serological tests used in cattle was Kappa = 0.506 (p <0.001), 95% CI (0.282 - 0.729). The results of the serological tests demonstrated that brucellosis is widespread in bovine herds of the region studied, but the same type of exposure to the agent did not occur in feral pigs according to the diagnostic tests used.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de modelo para avaliação de sustentabilidade em sistemas produtivos leiteiros
Authors: Gazola Marina Godoi , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan , Brito Marcel Moreira de , Prizon Rodrigo César , Kuwahara Kellen Cristina , Pozza Magali Soares dos Santos , Damasceno Júlio Cesar
Published: December 2018

In the present study, we aimed to develop and apply a model to evaluate the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of dairy production systems (DPS). In addition, we sought to analyze structural and production characteristics of DPS of different sustainability levels. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect structural and production data as well as information on sustainability actions taken by rural producers in 152 DPS located in Paraná, Brazil. The proposed model was applied to analyze the data. Each DPS received a score to represent its level of social, environmental, and economic sustainability, and DPS with similar sustainability levels were grouped according to these indicators using hierarchical cluster analysis. Three groups were formed: G1, comprising the largest proportion of DPS (63.8%); G2 comprising 20.4% of DPS; and G3, comprising 15.8% of DPS. The mean values of the sustainability indicators of each group were compared to those of other groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. Subsequently, groups were analyzed in terms of structural and production characteristics. G2 was characterized by the highest levels of environmental, social, and economic sustainability. G1 had intermediate sustainability levels, and G3 achieved the worst results in the three sustainability indicators. The best sustainability performance of the three DPS groups was in the environmental dimension, followed by the economic dimension and lastly the social dimension. DPS with large-scale production and high productivity showed the highest sustainability indicators. The sustainability assessment model was suitable for DPS, having the advantages of being easy to apply, easy to interpret, and low cost.
Sire breed effect on carcass and temperament traits
Authors: Cardoso Leandro Lunardini , Leal Joal José Brazzale , Nunes Marcelo Henrique Giordano , Teixeira Bruno Borges Machado , Sollero Bruna Pena , Silveira Isabella Dias Barbosa , Cardoso Fernando Flores
Published: December 2018

This paper aimed to identify and evaluate the effects of sire breed on temperament and productive traits of different cross-breeds between Nellore (NE), Tabapua (TB), and Brahman (BR) bulls mated with Angus cows (AN), as well as the relationship between temperament and productive traits. The productive traits measured in this study include slaughter weight and post weaning weight gain. Temperament was assessed by flight-speed (FS). Carcass data collected in this study include hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold dressing percentage, carcass length, initial pH, ultimate pH, subcutaneous fat thickness and carcass longissimus muscle area. The sire breed effect was greater for slaughter weight. Hot carcass weight was not affected by the sire breed. The longissimus muscle area was larger for AN x TB and AN x NE crossbreeds than for AN x BR crossbreeds. Subcutaneous fat thickness and cold dressing percentage were not affected by sire breed. The offspring of NE, TB, and BR sires mated with AN cows had similar carcass measurements, except for the longissimus muscle area, which was smaller for offspring sired by the Brahman breed. The temperament trait was not influenced by sire breed.
An Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Electromagnetic Radiations Emitted from Mobile Phone on General Health, pH, Flow Rate and Electrolytes Concentrations of Saliva in Female Adults
Authors: Alattar Etimad , Elwasife Khitam , Radwan Eqbal , Warda Hadeer Abu , Abujami Mohammed
Published: December 2018

The main objective was to determine the effect of mobile phone radiation on general health and electrolytes among students who use mobile phones. A questionnaire was designed and applied to 103 healthy and 36 deaf female students to select cases that meeting the inclusion criteria. For assessment of salivary parameters, the participants were classified into three groups. Group I was the control group, which included 17 deaf students. Group II was healthy students who have mobile phone for less than 5 years. Group III was healthy students who have mobile phone for 5 years or more. The results showed that the participants who use mobile phone had several problems in their health including dry mouth, bad odor from mouth, drooling of saliva, as well as ear and eye pain. The participants who use mobile phone complained of headache, anxiety and forgetfulness as compared to deaf participants. The study showed that there was no significant difference between pH and flow rate of saliva in all tested groups. This study has also shown that salivary level of Na+ and K+ were significantly lower in mobile phone users when compared to non-users of mobile phone.
Diet composition of the small sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus) in the Polish part of the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Dziaduch Diana
Published: December 2018

The aim of this survey was to determine the diet composition of the small sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus L.) from coastal waters of the middle coast of Poland. The small sandeel is a fish that is only occasionally caught on an industrial scale in the Polish exclusive economic zone, but it does constitute an important food source for predatory fish, seabirds, and mammals. This species throughout the whole life feeds mostly on zooplankton. The fish for the surveys came from manual trawl hauls carried out in various seasons of the year, between November 2014 and September 2015, in the region of the estuary of the river Łupawa to the southern Baltic Sea. The surveys involved both a macroscopic examination of the stomach fullness degree of the small sandeel and a detailed analysis of its diet composition. Studies results indicated that in the course of the year, over 60% of individuals of the small sandeel had their stomachs filled with food in August, while in the early spring and late autumn their stomachs were often empty. When the samples from all analyzed months were taken into account, the diet of the small sandeel varied and consisted of 26 food components. The basis of the diet was mainly made up of Calanoida: Acartia spp. and Temora longicornis. Moreover, freshwater Cyclopoida had a high frequency of occurrence in the diet of the small sandeel throughout the year of surveys, because as organisms typical for the Lake Gardno, through which the river Łupawa flows, they also occurred in the coastal waters. In May, Harpacticoida also appeared in all analyzed individuals of the small sandeel. Only the largest small sandeels fed on fish larvae and Mysidacea. The diet composition of the small sandeel confirmed that these fish are linked with a specific habitat and do not undertake long-distance food migrations.