bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research integrity and research fairness: harmonious or in conflict?
Authors: Labib Krishma
Published: November 2024

Dominant initiatives focusing on research integrity are changing the research landscape by leading to the development and application of rules, guidelines and standards that researchers across borders have to abide by. There is an increasing attention within these initiatives on the importance of research fairness for conducting responsible research. However, some stakeholders view research fairness as separate, and sometimes even conflicting with, research integrity. To make sense of these accounts, in this paper, I explore the relationship between research integrity and research fairness. I argue that dominant research integrity initiatives are currently at odds with research fairness. This is because these initiatives largely ignore anticolonial views about research, and thereby perpetuate coloniality in research. Furthermore, dominant initiatives only engage superficially with aspects of fairness that are least controversial and current. Moreover, these research integrity initiatives impose Eurocentric ideals about responsible research to other countries, thereby contributing to ‘ethical imperialism’. Considering the wide reach of dominant research integrity initiatives and their influence on research, it is therefore urgent to develop an anticolonial research integrity agenda that takes fairness seriously.
Fentanyl Overdose Deaths Decreased Following Scanner Use at Ports-of-Entry
Authors: Miron Oren
Published: November 2024

Overdose deaths in the United States surged from 2018 to 2022 due to the smuggling offentanyl through ports-of-entry. To combat this epidemic, the U.S. used advanced scanners atsouthern ports-of-entry, which tripled inspections and improved screening, especially sinceMarch 2023. Following March 2023, fentanyl domestic seizures decreased by 29% and fentanyloverdose deaths decreased by 35%. Fentanyl overdose deaths decreased in 90% of states andincreased only in states that receive fentanyl through ports-of-entry that lack these scanners. Ifthis decrease in overdose deaths continues until November 2025, the death rate would be lowerthan at the start of the opioid epidemic. These results support urgent funding for advancedscanners at ports-of-entry that lack them.
Predicting Harmful Algal Blooms Using Ensemble Machine Learning Models and Explainable AI Technique: A Comparative Study
Authors: Mermer Omer , Zhang Eddie , Demir Ibrahim
Published: November 2024

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), driven by environmental pollution, pose significant threats to water quality, public health, and aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to enhance the prediction of HABs in Lake Erie, part of the Great Lakes system, by utilizing ensemble machine learning (ML) models coupled with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for interpretability. Using water quality data from 2013 to 2020, various physical, chemical, and biological parameters were analyzed to predict chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations, a proxy for algal blooms. The study employed multiple ensemble ML models, including Random Forest (RF), Deep Forest (DF), Gradient Boosting (GB), and XGBoost, and compared their performance against individual models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The findings reveal that ensemble models, particularly XGBoost and Deep Forest (DF), achieve superior predictive accuracy with R² values of 0.8517 and 0.8544, respectively. The application of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provided insights into the relative importance of input features, identifying Particulate Organic Nitrogen (PON), Particulate Organic Carbon (POC), and Total Phosphorus (TP) as critical factors influencing Chl-a concentrations. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating ensemble ML models with XAI to improve HAB prediction accuracy and interpretability. The results support the development of proactive water quality management strategies and highlight the potential of advanced ML techniques in environmental monitoring.
Global database of hot sedimentary aquifer geothermal projects: De-risking future projects by determining key success and failure criteria in the development of a valuable low-carbon energy resource
Authors: Bremaud Maelle , Burnside Neil , Shipton Zoe , Willems Cees , Pujol Martin , Bossennec Claire
Published: November 2024

Hot sedimentary aquifers (HSAs) have huge potential for low-carbon energy supply but remain a relatively untapped resource. For example, HSAs could meet 100 years of UK national heat demand. The main technical barriers to HSA deployment are subsurface risks and associated well completion requirement. Numerous studies and policies have attempted to tackle these hurdles, but the sluggish implementation of HSA projects underscores the need for a deeper understanding of what works and what does not. Embracing a "learning from failure" ethos, we compiled a comprehensive database of key performance indicators (KPIs) through a systematic review of publicly available information from 256 HSA projects across eight countries where data were widely available: Australia, Croatia, Denmark, France, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, and the UK. This database encompasses project specifics, borehole details, geological and hydrogeological parameters, associated risks, and mitigation strategies. Analysis reveals that 26% of HSA projects failed, mainly due to geological and hydrogeological (39% of all reasons), financial (26%) and technical (25%) issues. Mitigation or remediation strategies were implemented by 24% of both failed and running projects, resulting in a general decrease in failure rate over time. Successful projects emphasise the importance of robust pre-drilling site characterisation and ongoing system monitoring. We recommend the adoption of international standards for geothermal play classification and data reporting to enhance appraisal of HSA prospects. By quantifying KPIs for project failure and success, we hope to derisk and inform better budgeting of HSA endeavours, thereby bolstering the success and viability of future HSA projects.
Exploring Family Profiles in Explaining Heterogeneity in Parenting Program Engagement and Effectiveness
Authors: Weeland Joyce , de Haan Amaranta , Scott Stephen , Seabra-Santos Maria João , Webster-Stratton Carolyn , McGilloway Sinéad , Matthys Walter , Gaspar Maria Filomena , Williams Margiad , Mørch Willy Tore , Axberg Ulf , Raaijmakers Maartje , Leijten Patty
Published: November 2024

Parenting programs have proven effective in reducing disruptive child behavior. However, not all families benefit equally, and, to date, we have little insight into who benefits more or less, and why. One possible solution is to explore how different potential moderators cluster together in individual families and whether such family profiles predict who benefits more or less from these programs. This study explores: (1) how family, child, and parenting risk factors for disruptive behavior cluster together in families enrolled in the popular and evidence-based Incredible Years Parenting Program using latent profile analyses; (2) how family profiles relate to covariate family characteristics; and (3) whether profiles predict program engagement (i.e., number of sessions attended by caregivers), and effectiveness of (i.e., pre-post changes in disruptive behavior). Individual participant data from six studies across four countries (Norway, the Netherlands, England, Portugal) were used, including a total sample of 772 families with children aged 2.5 to 9 years (M = 5.14; SD = 1.10; 58.0% boys). Families could be profiled into a low and high risk profile, which differed on most child and family (but not parenting) risk factors as well as on covariate family characteristics, such as severity of disruptive behavior. Profile membership predicted engagement in, but not effectiveness of, the program. These findings provide useful insights into the heterogeneity in families participating in parenting programs, although there is a need for further research on how such differences may relate to differences in program effectiveness.
Examining the Structure of Personality Dysfunction Among Individuals Involved in Mental Health Care: A Registered Report
Authors: Ghosh Ashmita , Phillips Nathaniel Luke , Sleep Chelsea , Lynam Donald , Miller Josh
Published: November 2024

Personality dysfunction is a core element of the diagnosis of personality disorders in both main diagnostic systems (DSM-5 Personality Disorders, ICD-11 Personality Disorders). A recent study by Sleep et al. (2024) explored the structure of personality dysfunction (N = 517 undergraduates) with exploratory bass-ackward factor analyses at the item level using items from six measures of personality functioning. The present study represents a replication of the study by Sleep and colleagues in a community sample of individuals currently in or seeking psychological/psychiatric treatment. Participants were recruited from Prolific who completed items from six measures of personality dysfunction (N = 457). The primary factor analysis identified three lower-order factors of impairment (Negative Self-Regard, Disagreeableness, and Intimacy Problems). These dysfunction factors showed moderate to strong relations to the factors generated by Sleep et al. (2024), however, there were important differences in the overall structure suggesting a lack of formal replication.
El Poder De Las Narrativas Personales En La Promoción De Hábitos Alimenticios: Testimonios Vs Evidencia Científica
Authors: Borda German David , López Kevin Monasterio , Plaza Esperanza Roblero , Lasota Agustina , Palencia-Sánchez Francisco
Published: November 2024

Este ensayo analiza la creciente influencia de las narrativas personales en la formación de hábitos alimenticios, en comparación con las recomendaciones basadas en evidencia científica. Las historias personales, a menudo derivadas de experiencias cotidianas, conectan emocionalmente con el público, haciendo que los cambios en la dieta parezcan más alcanzables y motivadores. Este tipo de narrativas, especialmente difundidas por influencers, puede tener un impacto fuerte o de gran impacto en los seguidores. Sin embargo, la dependencia de experiencias subjetivas sobre recomendaciones científicas conlleva riesgos, ya que puede promover prácticas alimenticias inseguras. En la era de las redes sociales, entre el 40% y el 60% de la población tiende a seguir consejos de figuras públicas en lugar de expertos en nutrición, lo que contribuye a la desinformación. Este ensayo subraya la importancia de que los profesionales de la salud promuevan información basada en evidencia científica de manera accesible y atractiva, compitiendo con el impacto emocional de las narrativas personales, para fomentar hábitos alimenticios seguros y sostenibles en un entorno sobresaturado de información
“Thank you in advance for not changing my retirement home's intrinsic beauty”: NIMBYism, environmental privilege, and the politics of offshore wind energy
Authors: Schneider Matthew Jerome , O'Neill Brian F.
Published: November 2024

*This is a draft and is currently undergoing peer review.Among climate adaptation technologies, the development of new wind energy infrastructure is widely supported in the United States. Yet, the siting of wind farms is often contentious. This research problematizes how local stakeholders frame their opposition to offshore wind projects at a time when the swift adoption of renewable energies is generally seen as a necessity for environmental, social, and economic reasons. Through qualitative content analysis of 89 public comments pertaining to offshore wind projects planned for the North Carolina coast, we argue that objections to wind projects reflect an understanding of the infrastructure’s environmental burden and, importantly, a desire to protect environmental privilege. Findings suggest a need for expanded research on the dimensions of privilege that may be at play across wind farm sites and that any consideration of a just transition must consider how expressions of privilege inform environmental political discourse and siting decisions.
Can social protection programs reduce opposition to carbon taxes? Evidence from a conjoint experiment in Sweden
Authors: Mårtensson Moa , Nordbrandt Maria , Palme Joakim , Peterson Lauri
Published: November 2024

Carbon taxation is widely embraced as an effective tool for reducing emissions, yet it is economically regressive, disproportionately affecting economically vulnerable groups. Hence, it is no surprise that carbon taxes often are perceived as unfair, and if implemented without consideration of distributive effects, they risk generating polarization and climate policy setbacks, as well as increasing existing inequalities. We provide the first causal analysis of how and to what extent existing social protection programs could be used to reduce opposition to carbon taxes. We employ a conjoint experiment targeting 5,188 respondents from Sweden to assess the causal effect of increased generosity in pensions, sickness insurance, unemployment insurance, and child benefits, benchmarked against the effect of monthly monetary handouts. Our findings suggest that increasing benefit generosity within each of the four examined social protection programs reduces opposition to carbon taxation. Most importantly, increased old age pension generosity have a substantial and significant impact across various demographic groups, regardless of the respondents’ political affiliation. This effect is more potent than other compensatory measures, a critical insight in the search for socially acceptable climate policy strategies that avoid increasing inequalities.
Ask Me Anything! How ChatGPT Got Hyped Into Being
Authors: Bareis jascha
Published: November 2024

This paper reconstructs how chatbots based on Large language models (LLMs) like ‘ChatGPT’ got hyped into being. It dissects the actors and dynamics that triggered, fueled and disseminated the hype. Through the lens of hype studies the paper interrogates three empirical realms: 1. Company websites where the chatbots are presented, 2. Blog entries and newspaper interviews by prominent tech figures from the Silicon Valley, and 3. New York Times articles in the timespan between November 2022 and August 2024. The paper shows how the chatbot hype is driven by a dynamic between privileged actors (hypers) and a media frenzy both influencing and being carried by society and politics alike. Different interdependent building blocks in the chatbot hype construction are identified: 1. Depicting LLMs chatbots as knowledge models, 2. Entertaining the uncanny and manipulative side of chatbots, 3. Staging a spectacle of competition between tech giants, and 4. Praising the dualism of doomsday apocalypse or a tech-religious calling for a promised future. The paper unravels the core circulated narrative that turns the hype into a powerful societal phenomenon.
Una struttura di opportunità associative. Alcune idee su come le città europee possono valorizzare e sostenere il civismo e la convivialità dei loro abitanti
Authors: Vitale Tommaso
Published: November 2024

This chapter commences with the presentation of three questions. Firstly, what are the strengths of political and social science research work on associationism? Secondly, which areas have been treated with a greater degree of ideological bias and would therefore benefit from a more critical realist approach (Pratschke, 2003)? Thirdly, what insights have been gained? In responding to these queries, the chapter considers the ways in which research has frequently examined associationism with a view to elucidating broader dynamics, including those pertaining to politics, professionalisation, organisation, community, elites, cooperation, and categories of stratification. As we examine the ways in which cities engage with associations, we observe a multiplicity of modes of governance, a diversity of instruments of public action, and a structure of associational opportunities. This allows us to investigate the mechanisms and processes involved, adopting a historical and comparative approach that aligns with Weberian principles.
Circularly Polarized Hexagonal Microstrip Antenna Loaded with Slot and Complementary Split Ring Resonator
Authors: Ahmed Sadiq , Abbood Albehadili Amer , H. Mohammed Zahraa , A. Abdul Hassain Zaid , Al-Saadi Mohammed , Chandra Madhukar
Published: November 2024

The development of a compact and straightforward circularly polarized hexagon-microstrip patch antenna with two layers and a single feed is presented. Circular polarization is achieved using two strategies. The first technique incorporates a narrow slot along one vertex of a hexagonal patch's diagonal, opposite the feed line. The second one is based on embedding a complementary split ring resonator on the hexagonal patch. The proposed antenna is excited by an aperture coupling feed, and it is implemented on two substrate materials; the patch substrate is Roger droid/RT-5880, and the second feed substrate is RO 4350. This work compares the performance of the suggested antennas, including their radiation characteristics, axial ratio, and return loss, in two different scenarios. The proposed antenna has overall dimensions of (0.8λ0 - 0.8λ0 - 0.037λ0) at 3.4 GHz. The slot patch antenna has 2.65% bandwidth for its 3-dB axial ratio and 5.71% impedance bandwidth from 3.4 to 3.6 GHz at 3.5 GHz of the center frequency. The proposed patch antenna also demonstrates a maximum gain of 1.2 dBi. High-frequency structure simulation software was used to design and simulate the proposed hexagon configurations.
Analisis Faktor Penerimaan Penggunaan Aplikasi Identitas Kependudukan Digital (IKD) Ditjen Dukcapil Kemendagri Di Masyarakat Menggunakan Metode TPE (Technology, Personal, Environment)
Authors: Darma Astuti Rachmawati , Ramadhan Fachry
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan penggunaan aplikasi Identitas Kependudukan Digital (IKD) yang dirilis oleh Ditjen Dukcapil Kemendagri di masyarakat. Penelitian ini berangkat dari pentingnya digitalisasi layanan kependudukan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas bagi masyarakat. Namun, penerimaan teknologi baru sering kali dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, sehingga diperlukan pemahaman mendalam mengenai hal tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode TPE (Technology, Personal, Environment) yang mengevaluasi pengaruh faktor teknologi, individu, dan lingkungan terhadap penerimaan aplikasi IKD. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan masyarakat terhadap aplikasi ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor seperti kemudahan penggunaan, manfaat yang dirasakan, dukungan sosial, dan kondisi lingkungan secara signifikan berperan dalam meningkatkan penerimaan aplikasi IKD. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kebijakan dan strategi dalam implementasi layanan kependudukan digital yang lebih efektif dan efisien, serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya teknologi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Depressão em professores do Ensino Fundamental: fatores de adoecimento e estratégias de enfrentamento
Authors: Marinho Marcelo Pedro , Albuquerque Alessandra Rocha de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Descrever os fatores relacionados ao trabalho que professores, com depressão, atribuem ao seu processo de adoecimento e estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas. Método: 12 professores do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas do município de Vilhena, com a história de afastamento do trabalho por diagnóstico de depressão, responderam um questionário online. Foi realizada, também, a análise de dados históricos de afastamento de professores no banco de dados da Secretária Municipal de Educação. Resultados: Houve o aumento de 75% no número de afastamentos por depressão de 2020 para 2021. Os principais fatores relacionados ao adoecimento foram: falta de equipamentos e recursos pedagógicos (58,3%) e excesso de carga de trabalho (41,7%). A psicoterapia foi a estratégia de enfrentamento mais utilizada pelos participantes (91,7%). Conclusão: O aumento nos afastamentos por depressão em 2021 pode estar relacionado ao agravamento da pandemia da Covid 19 e o uso prolongado do ensino remoto e desafios inerentes a este cenário.
Pareamento entre estímulos e imitação vocal em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo: Avaliação do papel das respostas de orientação
Authors: Dos Santos Gemaque Danielle , Junior de Melo e Silva Alvaro , Alexandre de Freitas Luiz
Published: November 2024

No SSP (stimulus-stimulus pairing), um som alvo é pareado com um item ouum evento preferido por uma criança. Como resultado possível, as crianças começam aimitar o som apresentado. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos do componente de orientaçãosobre a eficácia do SSP (stimulus- stimulus pairing), em crianças com TEA. Foiutilizado um delineamento de linha de base múltipla entre participantes. Três criançasforam submetidas a dois tipos de SSP: (A) sem a exigência de resposta de orientaçãoaos estímulos, e (B) SPP com a exigência de resposta de orientação. Foram realizadassessões com 10 minutos de duração, e intervalo de 1 minuto entre pareamentos. P3 eP2 tiveram aumento de respostas em B. Para P1 o resultado foi inverso, houve maiorvocalização de respostas alvo em A. Os dados sugerem relevância para o repertórioinicial dos participantes, e considera que o aumento das vocalizações pode envolvercontingência operante.
Stylistic Analysis of the poem “Wedding in the Flood" by Taufiq Rafat in the Perspective of Figurative Language
Authors: Haris Muhammad
Published: November 2024

The poem is arrhythmic and conveys the scenario of a wedding held in the period in which flood usually comes, concentrating on tiny pictorial details as witnessed by the sight of the folks became my selection for the stylistic analysis for several reasons. The aim of this paper is to analyze Taufiq Rafat's poem "Wedding in the Flood" from the viewpoint of stylistic analysis. This analysis is helpful in understanding the basic concept of poetry and complexity through figures of speech. Not only is there complexity in the verses, but also, their confines are stylistic by concentrating on the figurative devices employed in the poem by the poet.
Students Achievement Strategies, Ego Strength, Hostility and the Role of Perceived Parenting on School Environment
Authors: Ahmed Tariq , Qiang Xing , Abdullah Mudassar
Published: November 2024

School environment is associated with ego strength and hostility, while perceived parenting modifies the relationship between ego strength and hostility. School Connectedness Scale, The Strategy and Attribution Questionnaire, The Parental Bonding Inventory, Barron’s Ego Strength Scale, and The Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory were used for assessing school environment, students' achievement strategies, perceived parenting, ego strength, and hostility. A structural equational model was administered to investigate the mediation effect of perceived parenting. The findings indicated that school environment was significantly associated with ego strength B = 0.28, p< 0.001, and hostility B = 0.34, p< 0.001. Perceived parenting mediates the relationship between ego strength B = 0.375, p< 0.001, and hostility B = 0.136, p< 0.05. Perceived parenting plays a crucial role in student achievement strategies and developing an impactful ego strength and helps reduce hostile behaviors while positive parenting modifies the association of ego strength and hostility in the school environment.
Functional Status and Comorbidities in Older Patient Attending Outpatient in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Aryal Ananta , Aryal Anil , Pokharel Rhijuta , Timsina Shrinkhala , Gautam Shirjan , Jha Saurav , Pant Subash
Published: November 2024

Introduction: With the increasing geriatric population, the demand of the geriatric care has been increasing worldwide. Numerous comorbidities like hypertension, COPD, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, are seen commonly in the older population of Nepal, affecting their quality of life. Assessing functional status of individual using Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Life scoring is beneficial in predicting the mortality and morbidity among the group. This study hence focuses on determining the comorbidities and functional status of older population.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2024 to May 2024 in tertiary care hospital at Kathmandu among population of age group above 60 years, after taking ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 19012024/04). A total of 423 individuals were taken for the study. Data collection for socio-demographic information, comorbidities, functional assessment via Katz and Lawton scale was done and analysed using IBM SPSS.
Results: Among the total 423 participants visiting the outpatient department, 188 (44.44%) were males and 235 (55.56%) were females. Basic Activity of Daily Living using Katz scoring, suggested that 377 (89.13%; 95% CI: 85.76%-91.93%)) were independent. Using Lawton scoring for the assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, it was seen that 170 (40.19%; 95% CI: 35.48%-45.03%) were independent. There were 184 (43.50%) individual with comorbidities.
Conclusions: Most of the patients were independent in Basic Activities of Daily Living as per Katz Index of independence and almost half were independent in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living as per Lawton-Brody scale.
Self-esteem among People Living with Physical Disability Visting Rehabilitation Centers of Kathamandu, Nepal: An Observational Study
Authors: Gautam Monsoon Jyoti , Paudel Shishir , Chalise Anisha , Khadka Santosh
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Self-esteem is a comprehensive personal evaluation of an individual's worth that involves a person's perception of self, it functions as a defense mechanism that individuals possess to safeguard themselves from psychological harm. This study aims to assess the prevalence of self-esteem and its associated factors among people living with physical disability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among people living with a physical disability residing inside Kathmandu Valley from August to November 2022 after acquiring ethical approval from institutional review committee of CiST College (Reference number: IRC/161/078/079). A total of 215 samples were taken for the study. A face-to-face interview technique was applied for data collection consisting of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Bivariate analysis applying a Chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression was carried out to identify the factors associated with self-esteem at 95% CI and 5% level of significance (p-value <0.05).Results: It was observed that 71 (33.02%) participants had lower levels of self-esteem. Education, family type, the severity of disability, and family affection were the factors associated with self-esteem in bivariate analysis. In multivariable analysis, informal education (aOR: 3.932; 95% CI 1.129-13.696), poor family relationships were twice (aOR: 2.237; 95% CI 1.029-5.507), perceived severity of disability (aOR: 3.129; 95% CI 1.341-7.300) to be associated with lower self-esteem.Conclusions: The findings reveal that a significant portion of participants, approximately one-third, experience lower levels of self-esteem. Furthermore, factors such as education, family type, severity of disability, and family affection emerged as significant influencers of self-esteem.
Hirayama Disease in a Young Male: A Case Report
Authors: Paudel Suman , Singh Rokaha Prerana , Singh Rokaha Pratik , Karki Lalit , Thapa Paras
Published: November 2024

Hirayama disease is a rare benign neurological disease that affects the anterior horn of the spinal cord at C5 to T1, mainly at C7 and C8 due to imbalance growth between the vertebral column and the dura mater leading to microcirculatory disturbances in the anterior portion of the spinal cord due to overstretched cord, especially during flexion of the neck causing unilateral or rarely asymmetrically bilateral upper limb weakness and muscle wasting.It is a case of a 21-year-old boy presented with weaknesses in his left hand and forearm for 2 years which aggravates during cold weather and flexion of the neck. A plain x-ray of the neck and MRI of the cervical spine were conducted which show the features of Hirayama disease.
Post Cholecystectomy Choledochoduodenal Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Joshi Anip , Shakya Samita , Thapa Surakshya , Sultan Rifka , Rajbhandari Alish , Baral Priya
Published: November 2024

Choledochoduodenal fistula is an abnormal connection between the common bile duct and the duodenum. The commonest cause is cholecystolithiasis, however, other causes are iatrogenic factors, bile duct stones (choledocholithiasis), and chronic duodenal ulcers. Here, we report a case of choledochoduodenal fistula secondary to long standing choledocholithiasis post cholecystectomy who presented with intermittent abdominal pain in the past three years which revealed choledochoduodenal fistula during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. As the patient had recurrent pain along with choledocholithiasis, surgical intervention was indicated. Choledochoduodenal fistula is suspected in case of recurrent cholangitis and surgery is recommended for refractory and complicated cases. Surgical treatment is also recommended for larger fistulas and especially with non-resolving medical treatment. This case highlights the treatment option for choledocholithiasis with choledochoduodenal fistula.
Haemorrhoids among Patients Visiting the Department of Surgery in a Tertiary Care Military Hospital of Nepal: An Observational Study
Authors: Bista Chiran Bhakta , Chhetri Suchit Thapa , Kunwor Bishal , Sah Sumit Kumar , Adhikari Tekendra , Kafle Nilam , Gurung Dhiran , Tamang Priyanka , Thayayat Prem Khadka , Shah Nitesh Kumar
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Haemorrhoids is a common issue in the anorectal region and involves venous engorgement in the region. It greatly diminishes the overall quality of life of affected individuals by disrupting their physical and mental health. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of haemorrhoids and the associated risk factors among patients visiting a tertiary care center's surgery department.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care center from July 2023 to November 2023 after obtaining ethical approval. Convenience sampling method was used. The total sample size included in the study was 385. The data was analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics software. Point estimate was calculated at 95% confidence interval.
Results: Among 385 patients included in the study, haemorrhoids was prevalent in 53 (13.76%, 95% CI: 8.76%-18.76%). Internal haemorrhoids was most prevalent with 30 (56.60%) cases. 22 (41.51%) cases presented with Grade 1 haemorrhoids. The most prevalent symptoms were bleeding in 29 (54.72%) cases, perianal pain in 25 (47.17%) cases, itching in 28 (33.96%) cases and burning sensationin 15 (28.30%) cases.
Conclusions: The prevalence of haemorrhoids in our center was found to be higher as compared to similar studies done in Southeast Asian region but similar with studies done in other region.
Vol. 62 No. 279 (2024): JNMA: Published Monthly
Authors: Journal of Nepal Medical Association
Published: November 2024

November
Counseling Using Booklet Media And Simulation Of Food Handler Hygiene During The Covid-19 Endemic
Authors: Kaluku Khartini , Sari Martha Puspita
Published: November 2024

SARS-Cov-2 is a new virus that causes respiratory diseases that can cause respiratory system disorders, acute pneumonia, and death. The COVID-19 endemic continues to show positive things towards the endemic. The step to prevent COVID-19 is to convey information to the public regarding the prevention of COVID-19. The importance of hygiene in food handlers so that safe food is served is the focus of the implementation of Community Service activities. Hygiene implementation behavior is supported by nutritional knowledge, attitudes or behavior of the handler starting from the preparation, cleaning, processing, transportation to serving to consumers. Booklets as a health education communication medium can increase the average knowledge and nutritional attitudes of the handler towards the implementation of institutional food hygiene. Community service through a community partnership program was carried out through counseling and simulations using booklet media in Batu Merah Village as an effort to implement food handler hygiene during the Covid-19 endemic period. The counseling participants were food handlers at the Batu Merah Village Institutional Food Site, totaling 50 people. This activity adds insight into the thinking of participants regarding the application of hygiene, and through simulations the handlers can realize hygiene practices and be applied every day at food service institutions.
Counseling to Strength Religious Moderation In The Framework of Handling Religious And National Conflicts In Riau Province
Authors: Azni  , Irien Violinda Anggraini  , Mutasir  , Luqman Hakim Alhudry  , Rian Vebrianto
Published: November 2024

Religious conflicts often occur in heterogeneous communities, including communities in Riau province. This paper aims to determine the results of community service carried out in the form of counseling on strengthening religious moderation in order to overcome religious conflicts and national conflicts in Riau Province. The community service carried out uses the PAR (Participation Action Research) method, which is a method for developing moderate attitudes and behaviors and promoting peace among religious leaders, community leaders, and youth in Riau Province, with 3 stages, namely  planning, implementation and the reflection or evaluation stage. The results of this community service obtained that the implementation of this service was successfully carried out according to planning. Then, this service reflects a positive impact on the participants who attended the counseling, which further fosters the spirit of moderation in their religion, a steady spirit of tolerance and increasingly appreciates local wisdom and of course gets new knowledge that is useful in heterogeneous community for harmonious and peaceful life.
Increasing High School Students' Digital Literacy Through Interactive Learning
Authors: Eko Sediyono  , Tintien Koerniawati  , Zamsuri Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Naskah ini membahas tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan masyarakat literasi digital di SLTA di kota Salatiga. Sebelum pelaksanaan kegiatan telah disusun buku ajar Literasi Digital di Era Industri 4.0 dan Sosial 5.0. Materi dibagi menjadi dua sesi dan diajarkan kepada siswa di tiga sekolah di Salatiga. Tiap sekolah dipilih 50 siswa kelas 11. Metode pengajaran yang digunakan adalah metode interaktif dalam 2 sesi selama empat bulan untuk tiap sekolah. Sebelum dan setelah pembelajaran dilakukan uji pre-test dan post-test yang berisi soal-soal pemahaman tentang pengetahuan yang ada di buku ajar yang disiapkan.
Nilai pre-test dan post-test dianalisis menggunakan uji t untuk sampel berpasangan. Hasilnya metode pembelajaran yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan literasi siswa SLTA di kota Salatiga. Buku ajar dan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat dilanjutkan untuk mempersiapkan para siswa memasuki perguruan tinggi, yang dapat mengakses berbagai sumber digital secara benar dan aman.
Efforts to Improve The Sustainability of Traditional Food Sales At Funny's Kitchen, Bandung
Authors: Talar Yulianti , Wirawan Christina , Sandroto Indah Victoria , Gozaly Jimmy , Hermawan Melina , Dongu Yulia Pratama Umbu
Published: November 2024

Funny's Kitchen is one of the tenants of Foodcourt E at X University. Internal improvements were carried out based on research on students as the main consumers of Funny's Kitchen. The results of Multiple Linear Regression processing from 99 students' data show that the freshness of the food, the suitability of the price to the quality of the food provided, and the correct temperature of the food provided have a significant effect on students' interest in repurchasing at Funny's Kitchen. It is proposed that Funny's Kitchen use a microwave to speed up the process of heating food, maintain the taste of the food, employ employees who can help with the process of preparing and serving food, and adjust prices to the quality of the food provided. In this PKM, training was carried out to calculate the cost of production and it was discovered that Funny's Kitchen could still increase the quantity of its food portions. It is hoped that through the improvements made, student interest in buying back traditional food at Funny's Kitchen can increase.
Mengkritisi Pernikahan Dini Remaja Melalui Metode Diskusi Kelompok Terfokus pada Siswa Menengah di Solo Raya
Authors: Pambuka Fian Rizkyan Surya , Anganthi Nisa Rachmah Nur , Indratama Inmas , Handayani Ninuk Dwi Puspa , Faizah Nihayatul , Pratama Kukuh Yudha , Syifa' Farichah Nurus , Madina Moh Wahyu
Published: November 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mengkritisi pernikahan dini remaja melalui metode focus group discussion (FGD) yang terfokus pada siswa menengah di Solo Raya. Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian masyarakat dengan tema “Generasi Cinta: Menggenggam Masa Depan Dengan Bijak Dalam Pernikahan” adalah meningkatkan pemahaman dan melatih berpikir kritis terakait fenomena pernikahan dini. Metode menggunakan focus group discussion (FGD), yang dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu pra-FGD, Pelaksanaan FGD, dan pasca-FGD. Peserta berjumlah 35 siswa yang terdiri dari: SMA dan SMP umum (sederajat); 2)  SMA dan SMP yang berbasis boarding school atau pondok pesantren. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah siswa-siswi memiliki pengetahuan terkait pernikahan dini dalam tiga perspektif yaitu psikologi, kesehatan, dan Islam (hukum positif), serta memiliki daya kritis dalam mengambil sikap terhadap problematika pernikahan dini secara tepat. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah bahwa metode FGD tepat untuk dijadikan media dalam mensosialisasikan dan menginternalisasikan problema remaja seperti pernikahan dini. Implikasi kegiatan adalah perlunya menggunakan metode yang tepat dan menarik untuk menginformasikan isu-isu remaja, agar remaja tertarik untuk mengikuti dan menerapkan dalam kehidupan mereka.
Assistance in Preparing Quality Documents for Private Universities in Kampar Regency
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Suryanita Reni , Zul Delita , Olivia Yessi
Published: November 2024

Quality assurance of higher education is carried out through the determination, implementation, evaluation, control, and improvement of Higher Education Standards (SPT) known as the PPEPP cycle. Each university is expected to be able to develop an SPMI pattern that is appropriate for the conditions of the university itself. However, not all universities have the same understanding of the implementation of SPMI. For this reason, this community service activity aims to help two universities in Kampar Regency, Riau Province, namely: Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai and STIE Bangkinang. Although these two universities already have an Internal Quality Assurance Institution, the adequacy of SPMI documents has not been fully met according to standards. The community service activity began by distributing an initial survey on participants' understanding of SPMI at their respective universities. Furthermore, the community service activity was filled with the provision of materials and a final survey to analyze changes in the level of participants' understanding of the material given to participants. The survey results showed that there had been an increase in participants' understanding in compiling and archiving SPMI documents.
Screening and Education of Intestinal Protozoa Infection in Elementary School-Age Children, Penjaringan District, North Jakarta
Authors: Kaisar Maria Mardalena Martini , Muhyidin Muhammad Fadli , Anggraini Felicia , Wijaya Meiliyana , Yolanda Hanna , Surja Sem Samuel , Kristin Helen , Hengestu Anastasia , Joprang Freggy Spicano
Published: November 2024

Urbanization in Jakarta has led to the development of slum settlements characterized by poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. This environment significantly increases the risk of intestinal protozoan parasitic infections (IPPIs), which are known to cause diarrhea and adversely affect the growth and development of children—key factors in the success of Indonesia's Emas 2045 initiative. To address this, the community service team from FKIK UNIKA Atma Jaya conducted a free fecal examination program for students at a public school in the Penjaringan District, a slum area in North Jakarta. The program included several phases: preparation, education, microscopic examination, and evaluation, involving both the school and the students' parents or guardians. Diagnostic methods utilized were direct examination and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining technique. Out of 223 participants, 16.6% were found to be infected with IPPIs. The analysis revealed no significant correlation between infection rates and grade levels (p=0.106). This initiative is expected to enhance awareness among parents and students about IPPIs, leading to improved personal hygiene and sanitation practices. It also provides valuable data to authorities for assessing and formulating preventive policies against IPPIs
Kopu River Rafting Tourism Object Promotion Strategy Based on Tourism Destination Website
Authors: Yuslaini Nina , Fadhilla Mutia , Agia Lintang Nur , Maulidiah Sri , Wardana Dema Fito , Maulina Arifani
Published: November 2024

This community service activity (PkM) was carried out in Tanjung Village, Koto Kampar Hulu District, Kampar Regency Riau. Tourism Village which is heading towards the concept of Ecotourism. One of the tourist attractions that is in the spotlight and has great potential. This Aung Sungai Kopu tourist attraction provides natural beauty that attracts the attention of tourists. The night of the Anugerah Pesona Indonesia (API) Award for the Kopu River Rafting Tourism Destination which managed to occupy the second position of API Award 202. However, there are many problems such as low visitors and not yet known by the public. To overcome these problems, the PkM team from Riau Islamic University provides solutions with Website-based tourist attraction development strategies. This activity uses the method of socialisation stages, providing assistance, counselling, training and evaluation stages. The results of this activity are that it has a positive impact on Website-based tourism promotion, which is better known to many people, increasing visitors. The community becomes more sophisticated in the use of technology. With so many visitors who can have an impact on socio-economic improvement.
Socialization of KOSJA Processing (Kompos Janjang Kosong) in Oil Palm Farmer Groups in Buatan Baru Village, Siak Regency, Riau Province
Authors: Sutikno Agus , Zamaya Yelly , Putri Vivin Jenika , Pramana Angga , Rahmah Anania , AR Nur Hasnah , Hamzah Anthony
Published: November 2024

As the area of oil palm plantations increases, the waste from oil palm empty fruit bunches also increases. By reducing the use of excessive chemicals, sustainable oil palm plantations can be achieved. One way to achieve this is by utilizing empty oil palm bunch waste into KOSJA (Kompos Janjang Kosong). This service aims to provide knowledge, understanding, and how to process empty oil palm bunches into KOSJA. This activity was carried out in Riau Province, Siak Regency, Kampung Buatan Baru, Kerinci Kanan District. The output achieved through this service is the increased understanding and knowledge of the community about the importance and benefits obtained from the utilization of empty palm bunch waste into KOSJA (Kompos Janjang Kosong).
From Waste to Blessings: Waste Management Innovations at Baitul Qur’an Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Martalasari Martalasari , Wahyuni Sri , Dinata Marta , Widayat Prama , Sari Ermina , Awal Raudhah
Published: November 2024

This activity aims to improve the understanding and skills of santri in managing waste, both organic and inorganic, as well as introduce the concept of waste banks and the benefits of magot in waste management. Through a series of educational materials and hands-on practices, participants were invited to care more about the environment and trained to turn waste into valuable resources. The pretest results showed that most participants already had a basic understanding of waste management, but their knowledge of magot and organic waste processing practices were still low. After the mentoring activities, the posttest results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding, especially in distinguishing between types of waste, understanding the benefits of magot, and awareness of the importance of waste management. As many as 93% of participants felt more confident to process organic waste in the boarding school environment, and 96% of participants were committed to inviting friends or family to participate in waste management activities. This shows that this service activity has succeeded in increasing environmental awareness and empowering santri as agents of change in preserving the environment. This activity is expected to be sustainable, with santri as pioneers in waste management in the pesantren environment and surrounding communities, and become an example for similar programs in the future.
Strategy to Increase Shredded Patin Fish Production in the Mina Family Fish Farming Group Kandis District, Siak
Authors: Maulidiah Sri , Agusnimar Agusnimar , Mardianty Desy , Yuslaini Nina , Syahruddin Syahruddin , Ikhtiaruddin Ikhtiaruddin
Published: November 2024

The Mina Family Fish Cultivation Group (POKDAKAN) is one of the new groups engaged in freshwater fish cultivation located in Simpang Belutu Village, Kandis District, Siak. In addition to being sold, the diversification of processed fish is also carried out through the production of shredded Patin Fish, but there are problems, namely the decline in the production of shredded catfish due to limited knowledge, limited technological innovation tools, and limited marketing. From the problems that occurred, there was a need for a comprehensive strategy so that it became the reason for determining the topic and location of the activity by the 2024 UIR Grant PKM Team. This activity uses the method of (1) Rapid Rural Appraisal (RRA) Method, (2) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Method, (3) Action Research Method. There are stages of PKM activities, namely surveys, socialization, counseling, training, monitoring and evaluation, and program sustainability. The solutions provided are education and training in shredded processing, provision of technological innovation tools (spinner machines), management of PIRT and NIB permits. The results of the activity are producing quality shredded fish, the availability of Spinner machines, and the issuance of PIRT and NIB permits