bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of physical-mechanical and physical-chemical properties of expanded direction concrete with complex polymer - mineral additive of a new generation based on local raw materials
Authors: Mirzaev Bakhodir , Otakulov Bakhromjon , Mamatov Khamidulla , Otajonov Olmosbek
Published: December 2023

The results of physico-chemical analysis using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy of the microstructure of cement stone and the processes of change: hydration, crystallization, etc. are presented. in cement systems, with the addition of new generation complex chemical additives of the Relaxol KDJ-3 series. It has been established that in cement systems these additives help create new formations that crystallize in a finely dispersed form, clog the pores and capillaries of Portland cement stone, compacting and strengthening its structure. The introduction of the KDJ-3 additive into expanded clay concrete compositions makes it possible to increase its density by 8-10% and strength by 40% compared to the design strength.
Hydrophobized clay gypsum
Authors: Asamatdinov Marat , Zhukov Alekcey , Tursimuratov Baxram , Adilbayev Ismayil
Published: December 2023

Clay-gypsum binder is the main component for products and plaster coverings used in premises with dry climates. The raw material for producing clay-gypsum binder is sedimentary rock containing gypsum dihydrate and clay in an amount from5 to 30%. In order to expand the range and possibility of using clay-gypsum binder, it is hydrophobized by introducing synthetic resins. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to study the possibilities of increasing the softening coefficient of clay-gypsum binder by introducing thermosetting resins. As a result of the experiment, based on the methods of mathematical planning and statistical processing, a methodology for selecting the composition of the clay-gypsum binder was developed and the optimal content of thehydrophobing agentin the binder was determined.
Financial controlling in electricity companies using enterprise resource planning software
Authors: Strelnik Evgeniya , Usanova Diana , Khairullin Ildar , Kamalova Alina , Shafigullina Galiya , Beloglazova Elena
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of financial controlling in corporate management based on ERP systems. The purpose of the study is to substantiate key top-level indicators for understanding the effectiveness of financial controlling in electricity companies. To achieve this goal, the stages of development of controlling from company cost management to complex financial processes and their implementation as part of ERP systems were studied. In the course of the study, we formulated a hypothesis that the most preferred key indicators for assessing financial controlling may be value management indicators. The choice and justification of key indicators for creating a financial controlling system were also carried out; financial controlling was considered as the basis for creating a value-oriented corporate management system. Based on the hypothesis put forward, a regression analysis was carried out, which showed a significant relationship between indicators for the sample of electricity companies under this study. The total sample size was about 600 observations. As a result of the study, it was proposed to use the indicator of economic value added (EVA) or monetary value added (CVA) as a basic indicator of effectiveness of financial controlling system in electricity companies, which, according to research, have a fairly high correlation with the indicator of market value added (MVA).
Development of an automation system for personnel monitoring and control of ordered products
Authors: Gladkov Alexey , Kukartsev Vladislav , Yarkova Anastasia , Kuzmich Roman , Nizameeva Alena
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the requirements for the development of an automated system for personnel control, using the example of the operation of a restaurant with its own delivery system. When setting the requirements, various use case diagrams were constructed for different stakeholders working at the selected enterprise. The system to be developed will be useful not only for the employees of the enterprise, as it will eliminate all paperwork, but also for the visitors who purchase services or goods from the selected establishment.
Automatic monitoring system designed to detect defects in PET preforms
Authors: Degtyareva K.V. , Nikolaev S.V. , Nelyub V.A. , Tynchenko V.S. , Borodulin A.S.
Published: December 2023

The goal of this work is to automate the defect detection system for PET preforms production. For this purpose, it is necessary to consider the machine vision method, which has hardware and software structures that include many technical components. The software in turn includes two parts: one is used in the computer for image processing and the other for controlling the mechanical components of the system. However, this is a very expensive and time-consuming process due to the collection of large amounts of information with labeled defect samples. As shown, this technology can improve the scope, efficiency, quality and reliability of industrial inspection, which in turn leads to a number of advances in modern industry. Also, the company is able to increase its productivity, reduce the cost of defect controllers’ salaries, increase profits, and avoid creating situations in which equipment will be idle.
Ensuring conditions for the squeezed fluid flowing from the skin along the conveyor of the technological machine
Authors: Nabiev Ayder , Tsoy Gerasim , Bahadirov Gayrat
Published: December 2023

The conditions for the free flow of the squeezed fluid from a wet semi-finished product along an inclined feed conveyor are studied in the article. The condition of fluid flow against the movement of the feed conveyor is determined. The average rate of fluid flow along the conveyor is determined depending on the thickness of the fluid layer. The dependence of the angle of fluid flow off on the lifting angle and inclination angle of the feed conveyor is determined analytically. The results obtained in the study contribute to the choice of geometric parameters of the transporting device, taking into account its rational lifting angle and inclination angle. Using a numerical method, a graph of the dependence of the angle of the fluid flow along the conveyor on its lifting angle and inclination angle was obtained.
Investigation of the polystyrene combustion completeness increasing method in the environmentally safe waste disposal installation
Authors: Budin Artemy , Zyryanov Ilya , Pozolotin Alexandr
Published: December 2023

The article presents the study results of the solid waste components (on the example of polystyrene) combustion optimizing based on traditional solutions used in the furnaces organization (stratified combustion, combustion in a vortex flow, combustion products recirculation), as well as due to the electrostatic field impact. Relative changes in the CO and NO emissions values were obtained for various methods of air supply to the combustion chamber and electrostatic field parameters. The use of an electrostatic field with a potential difference of 3–4 kV made it possible to increase the combustion efficiency, which led to a decrease in the formation of CO by up to 40%, and NO to almost zero.
Investigation of non-stationary thermal conductivity in a multilayer rubber-metal product during post-vulcanization cooling and before vulcanization
Authors: Soloveva Olga , Solovev Sergei , Kochkareva Tatiana , Sinitsyn Anton
Published: December 2023

In this article, we considered the issues of obtaining analytical solutions to a non-stationary problem of heat and mass transfer for a multilayer elastomeric material. We determined the criteria influencing the temperature change process in the processed material. We have obtained a dependence that establishes a functional relationship between the primary heat transfer criteria and the temperature of the processed material. The dependence is the initial ratio in developing an engineering method for calculating an industrial installation.
Increasing economic losses from natural disasters as a last decade trend
Authors: Yuryeva Oksana , Kovaleva Natalya , Shukhova Olga
Published: December 2023

Two main methods were used for this article: individual regression analyses on historical data and a three-stage methodology to estimate direct losses, sector losses, and GDP losses that are attributable to natural disasters. The paper analyses using data from the insurance company Swiss Re on economic losses from natural disasters in recent years. In addition, statistics for 20 years (2002-2022) collected by CRED and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) are analysed. The global losses from natural disasters in the last ten years are also assessed. An upward trend in the annual increase of global economic damage from natural disasters is identified. The largest natural disasters in the world in terms of economic damage 2013-2022 are considered in detail. The data of damage from the listed natural disasters are compared with the economic damage from the earthquake in Turkey in 2023. The article considers the indicator of economic damage caused by natural disasters by region and concludes that it is heterogeneous. The correlation of economic losses of countries with the highest economic losses from natural disasters in the last 20 years with their level of GDP is examined. The World Bank’s estimate of annual damage from natural disasters is given. The conclusion gives a forecast for the period from 2022 to 2050 by Ortec Finance to estimate the direct losses, sector losses, and GDP losses that are attributable to natural disasters. Also in the conclusion, confirms the trend of recent decades is the increase in the magnitude of economic losses from natural disasters of global nature, which supports the hypothesis of the study. The conclusion gives a forecast of increase in economic losses from natural disasters in the near future.
Formation of environmental research competencies of foreign pre-masters’ students for sustainable region development
Authors: Krasnoshchekov Viktor , Rud’ Vasily , Davydov Roman , Semenova Natalia , Diuldin Maksim , Kharlamova Natalia , Ionkina Elena , Shimkovich Elena
Published: December 2023

The article considers the development of pre-master’s programs for foreign citizens in Russian universities. The main content of the article concerns the formation of environmental consciousness of future research engineers. The article analyzes the content of university websites, as well as the publication activity of researchers in the field of training foreign pre-master’s students. The authors highlight universities in which the environmental component of modern engineering master’s programs for foreign citizens is the strongest aspect of the curriculum. The article shows that in these universities pre-master’s training aims primarily at developing environmental research competencies among engineering students. At the same time, the authors pay special attention to activities and tools that contribute to the formation of these competencies, focused on the sustainable development of the regions of Asia, Africa and Latin America. The authors demonstrate their own statistical data on the development of publications of participants in pre-master’s training at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.
Industry 4.0: history of emergence, development, prospects of transformation into Industry 5.0
Authors: Nikishina L.B.
Published: December 2023

The article is a historical review and characterisation of the period of the fourth industrial revolution. It shows the preconditions for the emergence of Industry 4.0, its place in the development of global industry, its characteristic features, and development prospects. The development of cyber-physical systems, according to experts, will lead to the transformation of Industry 4.0 into Industry 5.0. The characteristics of Industry 5.0 have already taken shape in general terms. Its main features consist in shifting the focus from artificial to human intelligence, searching for their effective interaction, focus on environmental friendliness and customisation of products.
Possibilities of three-dimensional printing additive technologies application in construction
Authors: Kuzmenkov Alexander
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study on the using additive technologies in construction possibilities. A historical review of the development of automation of construction processes and 3D printing has been carried out. The main methods of using 3D printing in construction production, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. Two fundamentally different methods of manufacturing building structures using 3D printing are described: inkjet binder application and multilayer 3D extrusion printing. The main types of construction 3D printers are presented: portal 3D printers, 3D printers with a delta drive, crane-type printers and printers made on the principle of a “robotic arm”. The main properties and features of building materials used for 3D printing. The viscosity, the possibility of pumping and the grain size of the aggregate were determined as the basic properties of the concrete mixture for 3D printing. Materials and principles of reinforcement of structures obtained by three-dimensional printing are also considered.
Ice freezing for hydrotechnical structures
Authors: Andreeva Sofia , Sharapov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

In the domain of hydrotechnical structures, novel methods are emerging to increase ice thickness, notably in the context of ice islands. The layer-by-layer freezing process serves as a cornerstone, where freezing time determines efficacy. The article explores diverse freezing techniques, their stages, and implications. Layer-by-layer freezing entails water pouring, followed by freezing after each layer. Augmentations involve introducing ice rubble and inclined plane freezing. Sprinkling accelerates freezing through water droplet adhesion. The block method uses extracted ice blocks, creating vertical surfaces without formwork. Volumetric freezing involves pipelines and refrigerants. One method blends ice rubble with additives for versatility. Combined methods expedite construction, especially for substantial projects. These techniques cater not only to ice island creation but also to temporally reviving deteriorating structures such as moorage contractions.
Methodology for assessing the efficiency of UAV application for power line diagnostics
Authors: Terentyev Pavel , Filatov Dmitrii , Martyukhin Daniil , Shilnikov Sergey
Published: December 2023

Unmanned aerial vehicles are expanding technical applications. One of the promising areas is the electric power industry. The article proposes a methodology for assessing the efficiency of UAV use for diagnostics of power lines. The main criteria are the speed of electrical equipment diagnostics and financial costs. An example of realization is given. It is shown that the financial costs are already lower than the standard bypass of the repair team. This is due to the higher speed of diagnostics works.
The principles of building a parallel program for steganographic file protection
Authors: Nuriev Marat , Zaripova Rimma , Sitnikov Sergey , Nurgaliev Rustam
Published: December 2023

In the modern era, the unprecedented growth of data and its consequential demands on transmission and storage systems have highlighted the necessity for efficient and secure information processing mechanisms. This paper delves into the potential of steganography as a robust tool for ensuring confidentiality by embedding data covertly within other files. Recognizing the limitations of traditional steganographic techniques in the face of expansive contemporary data sets, the paper explores the amalgamation of parallel programming with steganographic processes. Such a fusion promises to distribute computational tasks effectively, thereby reducing the overall execution time. Detailed discussions underscore the significance of data decomposition, process synchronization, and thread coordination, illustrating how parallel algorithms can markedly expedite concealed data embedding and extraction. However, inherent challenges like minimizing thread communication, optimizing shared data access, and preventing race conditions are brought to the fore. Solutions are proposed through diverse methods, tools, and design strategies aimed at streamlining workload distribution and enhancing task execution. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes that blending steganography with parallel programming can potentially revolutionize data protection systems, with continual refinements in techniques and methods driving the domain towards offering more potent solutions for electronic data confidentiality and security.
Parameters and methods of assessing the quality of metal-cutting equipment of machine-building enterprises
Authors: Leonov Oleg , Temasova Gаlina , Shkaruba Nina , Vergazova Yulia , Grinchenko Lavrentiy
Published: December 2023

Assessment of the quality of technological equipment is an important aspect for enterprises engaged in the repair of machines. In this article, we have reviewed the main parameters and methods of quality assessment, as well as the methodology for determining total operating costs, taking into account losses from defects. One of the key parameters affecting the quality of technological equipment is the accuracy of its operation. Accuracy is assessed using various methods, such as error measurement, statistical analysis of data and comparison of results with requirements and standards. However, when assessing quality, it is necessary to take into account not only accuracy, but also operating costs. The costs of maintenance, repairs and spare parts can significantly affect the total cost of operating the equipment. Another important aspect is the dissolution of marriage. Therefore, in the methodology for determining the total operating costs, it is necessary to take into account the losses from marriage. It is also recommended to train the personnel working with the equipment so that they can use it most efficiently and safely. As a result, assessing the quality of technological equipment and determining the total costs of its operation are important tasks for companies engaged in machine repair.
Warsaw Active-Target TPC: A new detector for photonuclear reactions studies at astrophysical energies
Authors: Ćwiok Mikolaj , Dominik Wojciech , Fijałkowska Aleksandra , Fila Mateusz , Janas Zenon , Kalinowski Artur , Kierzkowski Krzysztof , Kuich Magdalena , Mazzocchi Chiara , Okliński Wojciech , Podlaski Piotr , Zaremba Marcin , Gai Moshe , Stern Sarah R. , Schweitzer Deran K. , Balabanski Dimiter L.
Published: December 2023

An active-target time-projection chamber (TPC) optimised for studying nuclear reactions of astro-physical interest was developed by the University of Warsaw for studying photo-disintegration reactions using intense, monochromatic γ-ray beams. Different reactions can be studied by tuning composition and density of the gaseous target for particular energy of the gamma beam. The Warsaw TPC detector, with its active volume of about 33x20x20 cm3 centred around the beam axis and micro-pattern structures (GEMs) employed to amplify the primary ionisation induced by charged particles produced in reactions in the gaseous target, is characterised by a readout based on signal strips, arranged into 3-coordinate redundant system. The 3D kinematics of charged particles in the event are reconstructed from a total of about 103 channels read out by digitising front-end electronics based on the General Electronics for TPCs (GET). In this paper the principles of detector operation and basic track reconstruction methods are discussed and illustrated by means of preliminary results from pilot measurements conducted in 2021-22.
Study of multinucleon knockout reactions of exotic nuclei in the region of Sn
Authors: Feijoo-Fontán M. , Kudaibergenova E. , Liblar I. , Gasparic I. , Horvat A. , Rodriguez-Sanchez J.L. , Panin V. , Alvarez-Pol H. , Atar L. , Aumann T. , Benlliure J. , Boretzky K. , Borge M.J.G. , Bott L.T. , Caesar C. , Casarejos E. , Cederkall J. , Chatillon A. , Cortina-Gil D. , Filippo E. , Dickel T. , Duer M. , Falduto A. , Galaviz D. , García-Jiménez G. , Ge Z. , Geraci E.I. , Gernhäuser R. , Gnoffo B. , Graña-González A. , Göbel K. , Haettner E. , Hartig A.L. , Heil M. , Heinz A. , Hensel T. , Holl M. , Hornung C. , Jedele A. , Jelavic-Malenica D. , Jenegger T. , Ji L. , Johansson H.T. , Kalantar-Nayestanaki N. , Kazantseva E. , Kelic-Heil A. , Kiselev O.A. , Klenze P. , Knoebel R. , Körper D. , Kröll T. , Löher B. , Martorana N.S. , Milhomens da Fonseca L. , Morfouace P. , Mukha I. , Murillo-Morales S. , Nácher E. , Nociforo C. , Obertelli A. , Paschalis S. , Perea A. , Petri M. , Pietri S. , Pirrone S. , Ponnath L. , Rhee H.B. , Rose L. , Rossi D.M. , Russotto P. , Savran D. , Scheidenberger C. , Simon H. , Simon J.P. , Storck-Dunite S. , Stott A. , Sun Y. , Symochko D. , Sürder C. , Taïeb J. , Taniuchi R. , Tengblad O. , Törnqvist H.T. , Velardita S. , Wamers F. , Weick H. , Zhao J. ,   the R
Published: December 2023

The experimental data collected during the S515 experiment performed by the R3B collaboration at GSI/FAIR represent a great opportunity to investigate nucleon knockout reactions of exotic nuclei in the region of Sn using complete kinematics measurements. These cross sections can be used in the future to investigate the quenching in the knockout of the minority species (neutrons or protons) in nuclei far from stability. Some of the arguments put forward are the underestimation of the knockout of deeply bound nucleons, final state interactions or the role of short-range correlations (SRC). Recently, several works based on inclusive measurements have shown that these SRCs could reduce the single nucleon knockout cross sections by around 50%, depending on the neutron excess (N/Z) of the initial projectile. The S515 data can help us to go further in this investigation because it allows to correlate the knockout cross sections of one, two or more nucleons with the number of protons and neutrons emitted from the target and which can be detected by the CALIFA and NeuLAND detectors, respectively, and perform complete kinematical studies on the nature of the event (SRC, evaporation, emission of clusters, final-state interactions...). Here the results obtained for the charge distribution of reaction residues are presented, which is one of the first steps of the still on-going analysis.
First Full Beta-Strength Measurement With Dtas Across N=126 at Fair Phase-0
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia D. , Tain J.L. , Morales A.I. , Aggez G. , Agramunt J. , Alaqeel M. , Alayed B. , Albers H.M. , Alcala G. , Algora A. , Alharbi A. , Alhomaidhi S. , Amjad F. , Arici T. , Armstrong M. , Bajzek M. , Banerjee A. , Bartram G. , Benzoni G. , Chen Z. , Das B. , Davinson T. , Dickel T. , Dillmann I. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Ekawa H. , Ge Z. , Gelletly W. , Gerl J. , Gorska M. , Haettner E. , Hall O. , Herrmann P. , Hornung C. , Hubbard N. , Jones C. , Kazantseva E. , Knoebel R. , Kojouharov I. , Kosir G. , Kostyleva D. , Kurtukian-Nieto T. , Kurz N. , Labiche M. , Mccarter A. , Mikolajczuk M. , Mistry A. K. , Mukha I. , Nacher E. , Nakagawa M. , Nara-Singh B.S. , Nishimura S. , Orrigo S. E. A. , Papadakis P. , Pietri S. , Plass W. , Podolyak Z. , Polettini M. , Prajapat R. , Rocco E. , Rubio B. , Sahin E. , Satrazani M. , Schafner H. , Scheidenberger C. , Sharma A. , Tanaka Y.K. , Tolosa-Delgado A. , Vencelj M. , Vesic J. , Vi P. , Victoria J.A. , Weick H. , Wimmer K. , Wollersheim H.J. , Yaneva A.A. , Zhao J.J.
Published: December 2023

An experiment was performed at GSI with the objective of measuring theβ-intensity distribution in the decay of Hg, Au and Pt isotopes around N=126 using the total absorption gamma-ray spectroscopy technique. The aim is to benchmark theoretical models used to make predictions of half-life and neutron emission probabilities of exotic nuclei involved in the rapid neutron capture process, leading to the synthesis of very heavy elements. This paper presents some experimental details and the current status of the analysis.
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering with CLAS12 at Jefferson Lab
Authors: Hobart Adam ,   for the CLAS collaboration
Published: December 2023

A key step toward a better understanding of the nucleon structure is the study of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). GPDs are the object of an intense effort of research since they convey an image of the nucleon structure where the longitudinal momentum and the transverse spatial position of the partons inside the nucleon are correlated. Moreover, GPDs give access, via Ji’s sum rule, to the contribution of the orbital angular momentum of the quarks to the nucleon spin, which is important to the understanding of the origins of the nucleon spin. Deeply Virtual Compton scattering (DVCS), the electroproduction of a real photon off the nucleon at the quark level, is the golden process directly interpretable in terms of GPDs of the nucleon. The GPDs are accessed in DVCS mainly through the measurements of single- or double- spin asymmetries. Combining measurements of asymmetries from DVCS experiments on both the neutron and the proton will allow us to perform the flavor separation of the u and d quarks GPDs via linear combinations of proton and neutron GPDs. This paper introduces recent DVCS measurements from the CLAS12 experiment at Jefferson Lab with the upgraded 11 GeV polarized electron beam. Details on the data analysis along with results on Beam Spin Asymmetries are presented.
Long-lasting laser-driven proton source
Authors: Bembibre A. , Alejo A. , Peñas J. , Benlliure J.
Published: December 2023

Laser-driven ion accelerators are a promising alternative to conventional accelerators currently in use. Following the laser-plasma interaction, the target is destroyed, making it necessary to replenish it, a task particularly challenging in the case of state-of-the-art laser systems operating at multi-hertz repetition rates. Here, we will introduce some of the different target systems currently being developed for continuous operation at such rates. In particular, a target system based on a tape-drive that is currently being developed at the Laser Laboratory for Acceleration and Applications (L2A2, USC) will be presented, which addresses the need of a target system capable of operating continuously for thousands of shots at several hertz. Preliminary measurements show tape stabilities below 10 µm of standard deviation.
Manufacturer’s patent licensing strategies based on co-opetition
Authors: Zhao Yufei , Wang Kun
Published: December 2023

In the context of co-opetition (cooperation and competition), technological innovation endows manufacturers with new competitiveness and vitality. Through patent technology licensing, manufacturers can achieve technology upgrading and efficiency improvement. To study the patent licensing decisions of manufacturers based on co-opetition, this paper constructs a production patent licensing game model that comprises two manufacturers that cooperate in the upstream component market and compete in the downstream consumer market. We conduct a comparative analysis of the game equilibrium of three patent licensing scenarioscompetition (no licensing), unilateral licensing and cross-licensingand analyse the impact mechanism of key parameters, such as market share and cost advantage (cost burden). The research results are as follows. (1) When the product substitutability (competition intensity) is not very high and the market share of manufacturer 1 is relatively small or the product substitutability (competition intensity) is large and the cost advantage of both manufacturers 1 and 2 is moderate, Pareto improvement under cross-licensing scenario is better than that under unilateral licensing and competition scenarios. (2) The Pareto improvement in the unilateral licensing scenario is always better than that in the other two scenarios. (3) When the cost advantage of manufacturer 1 is small or large, the Pareto improvement in the competition scenario is better than that in the other two licensing scenarios. The paper also analyses consumer surplus in three licensing scenarios. The conclusions can provide a decision-making basis and support for manufacturers to select appropriate licensing strategies and government participation to guide enterprise technology upgrading under different situations.
Prä- und posttherapeutische Dosimetrie der Radioembolisation
Authors: Brosch-Lenz Julia , Delker Astrid , Ilhan Harun
Published: December 2023

Die transarterielle Radioembolisation (TARE) mit radioaktiv markierten Mikrosphären dient der gezielten Therapie primärer und sekundärer Lebertumore. Bei 90Y-markierten Glas- und Harzmikrosphären basiert die Behandlungsplanung auf 99mTc-MAA, während für 166Ho-PLAA-Mikrosphären eine Scout-Dosis an 166Ho-PLAA-Mikrosphären mit geringerer Aktivität zur Verfügung steht. Zur Steigerung der Effektivität der Therapie im Sinne der personalisierten Medizin wird bei der TARE zunehmend die personalisierte Dosimetrie etabliert. Dies beinhaltet die Berücksichtigung der Dosisverteilungen innerhalb von Tumoren als auch im normalen Lebergewebe. Zur Berechnung der In-vivo-Verteilung der absorbierten Dosis werden nach der Therapie Bildgebungsverfahren wie SPECT, PET und für 166Ho zusätzlich die MRT eingesetzt, um den Behandlungserfolg zu beurteilen. Dieses Manuskript bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über aktuelle Dosimetriemodelle für die prä- und posttherapeutische Beurteilung im Rahmen der TARE.
Mit Technik ans Ziel
Authors: Lieber Jan , Rückriem Bärbel
Published: December 2023

In einem Schweizer pädiatrischen Zentrum für neurologische und muskuloskelettale Rehabilitation arbeiten Ergotherapeuten unter anderem mit der Hilfe von Robotik. Dabei fördern sie die Handlungsfähigkeit ihrer Klienten und trainieren die oberen Extremitäten stets zielgerichtet und alltagsorientiert.
Ausgetauscht?
Authors: Heckelmann Jan , Dafotakis Manuel
Published: December 2023

Die 71-jährige Patientin stellte sich aufgrund einer linksseitigen
spastischen armbetonten Hemiparese in der BonT A-Ambulanz vor. Die Spastik trat in
kurzer Folge nach einem vasospastisch induzierten rechtsseitigen Mediateilinfarkt
vor einigen Jahren auf, der im Rahmen einer Subarachnoidalblutung bei rupturierten
A.com. anterior-Aneurysma entstanden war. Das Aneurysma war geclippt und aufgrund
eines konsekutiven Hydrocephalus ein ventrikulo-peritonealer Shunt angelegt
worden.
Trends and Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity Indicator Categories during Childbirth Hospitalization in California from 1997 to 2017
Authors: El Ayadi Alison M. , Lyndon Audrey , Kan Peiyi , Mujahid Mahasin S. , Leonard Stephanie A. , Main Elliott K. , Carmichael Suzan L.
Published: December 2023

Objective Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is increasing and characterized by substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Analyzing trends and disparities across time by etiologic or organ system groups instead of an aggregated index may inform specific, actionable pathways to equitable care. We explored trends and racial and ethnic disparities in seven SMM categories at childbirth hospitalization.

Study Design We analyzed California birth cohort data on all live and stillbirths ≥ 20 weeks' gestation from 1997 to 2017 (n = 10,580,096) using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's SMM index. Cases were categorized into seven nonmutually exclusive indicator categories (cardiac, renal, respiratory, hemorrhage, sepsis, other obstetric, and other medical SMM). We compared prevalence and trends in SMM indicator categories overall and by racial and ethnic group using logistic and linear regression.

Results SMM occurred in 1.16% of births and nontransfusion SMM in 0.54%. Hemorrhage SMM occurred most frequently (27 per 10,000 births), followed by other obstetric (11), respiratory (7), and sepsis, cardiac, and renal SMM (5). Hemorrhage, renal, respiratory, and sepsis SMM increased over time for all racial and ethnic groups. The largest disparities were for Black individuals, including over 3-fold increased odds of other medical SMM. Renal and sepsis morbidity had the largest relative increases over time (717 and 544%). Sepsis and hemorrhage SMM had the largest absolute changes over time (17 per 10,000 increase). Disparities increased over time for respiratory SMM among Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and non-U.S.-born Hispanic individuals and for sepsis SMM among Asian or Pacific Islander individuals. Disparities decreased over time for sepsis SMM among Black individuals yet remained substantial.

Conclusion Our research further supports the critical need to address SMM and disparities as a significant public health priority in the United States and suggests that examining SMM subgroups may reveal helpful nuance for understanding trends, disparities, and potential needs for intervention.

Key Points
Synthesis of Novel Enantiopure Amino- and Azidopyran Building Blocks and Their Click Reactions to Multivalent Carbohydrate Mimetics
Authors: Reissig Hans-Ulrich , Koóš Peter
Published: December 2023

The synthesis of three enantiopure 1,2-oxazine-derived azides was optimized and the reductions of these compounds to amino alcohols were studied. As a primary aim of this study, the copper-catalyzed (3+2)-cycloadditions of the azides were investigated, employing a series of alkynes, dialkynes, and trialkynes, which afforded the corresponding mono-, di-, and trivalent triazole derivatives with different rigid and flexible core elements. The expected click products were generally obtained in good to excellent yields when copper iodide was employed in presence of tris[(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine (TBTA) as ligand in acetonitrile at room temperature. Several of the products were subjected to exhaustive hydrogenolysis reactions, leading to enantiopure compounds with aminopyran substructures, which can be regarded as carbohydrate mimetics.
Substrate-Controlled Regioselective Alkylation of 4-Hydroxycoumarin with Diazo Compounds through TfOH Catalysis
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Xia Zhimin , Li Chunyan , Luo Mengxiang , Gu Shuangxi , Yan Qiongjiao , Lv Jian , Zeng Jie
Published: December 2023

Control of the regioselectivity of nucleophiles toward alkylating agents is a fundamental problem in heterocyclic chemistry. Substrate-controlled TfOH-catalyzed alkylation of 4-hydroxycoumarin with diazo compounds has been developed to provide rapid access to the C3- or O-alkylated 4-hydroxycoumarins with high efficiency. The regioselectivity can be determined by varying the electronic nature of the diazo substrates, especially those bearing a methylthio group.
Avaliação funcional pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico da tríade terrível do cotovelo
Authors: Amorim Anny Carolline Matutino , Dias Fábio Aguiar , Cardozo Filho Nivaldo Souza , Sousa Felipe Sodré , Alves Tasso Ribeiro , Meirelles Alexandre Vasconcelos de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo Avaliar os resultados funcionais dos pacientes submetidos a abordagem cirúrgica para o tratamento da tríade terrível do cotovelo, analisando os métodos de tratamento utilizados e variáveis epidemiológicas associadas.

Métodos Foram avaliados pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico de tríade terrível do cotovelo de fevereiro de 2018 a junho de 2020 em nosso serviço. A amostra identificada foi de 17 pacientes, mas destes apenas 13 concluíram todas as etapas das pesquisas e por isso foram considerados como o universo a ser levado em consideração. Coletou–se informações epidemiológicas de interesse: idade, sexo, dominância, lado acometido, características e classificações das lesões, mecanismo do trauma, tempo para cirurgia, tipo de procedimento realizado e o arco de movimento. Foi utilizada a classificação de Mason para a fratura de cabeça do rádio e a de Regan e Morrey, para o processo coronoide. A fim de realizar uma análise funcional, aplicou-se os questionários de DASH e BRUCE.

Resultados Cerca de 77% dos pacientes foram do sexo masculino, 92% dos mecanismos de fratura foram por trauma de alta energia. Contrariamente a esta, observou-se a predominância do lado não dominante como o mais afetado. Avaliando os resultados de acordo com o tempo para início do tratamento, os pacientes operados em até 14 dias obtiveram resultados funcionais estatisticamente melhores.

Conclusão O tratamento cirúrgico da TTC gera resultados funcionais aceitáveis na maioria dos casos. O sucesso do tratamento está relacionado ao intervalo de tempo entre o trauma e a primeira cirurgia, além de se relacionar com a gravidade das lesões.
Stem Cell Secretome Modulated by Arsenicum album 30C Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Cytokine Storm in Blood Mononuclear Cells in vitro
Authors: Aphale Parth , Sanap Avinash , Sharma Dharmendra , Kharat Avinash , Kheur Supriya , Gawade Chinmay , Somasundaram Indumati , Bhonde Ramesh
Published: December 2023

Background The therapeutic effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretome can be enhanced by means of physical, chemical and biological preconditioning. Arsenicum album 30C (AA30) has been one of the leading homeopathic medicines used in prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Aims This study aimed to investigate whether AA30 preconditioning could influence the growth factors and cytokine profile of the human dental pulp-derived MSC (DPD-MSC) secretome. Also, to test the efficacy of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome in ameliorating the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine storm in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as an in-vitro cellular model.

Methods The cytotoxicity of AA30 was assessed in DPD-MSCs by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Growth factors and cytokine levels in the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome were analysed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The angiogenic potential of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome was assessed by chick yolk-sac membrane (YSM) assay. Culture medium with 0.001% ethanol was used as vehicle control. The efficacy of the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome in ameliorating the cytokine storm was assessed in LPS pre-treated PBMCs. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 were analysed by using RT-PCR and FACS analysis respectively.

Results AA30 did not exhibit cytotoxicity in the concentration range of 1% to 50%. Furthermore, the AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome exhibited a significant increase in the levels of angiogenic factors, such as human angiopoietin-2, EPO and PDGF-AA, and decreased levels of cytokines, such as TNF-α, CXCL-8 and IL-6. The AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome showed augmented angiogenesis compared to vehicle controls. The DPD-MSC secretome ameliorated LPS-induced mRNA and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in PBMCs.

Conclusion The AA30-preconditioned DPD-MSC secretome augmented angiogenesis and ameliorated the LPS-induced cytokine storm in human PBMCs in vitro. Our data demonstrate that AA30 preconditioning enhances the therapeutic potency of MSCs and their secretome.
Matriz de competências em ortopedia e traumatologia para abordagem do sistema musculoesquelético para graduação médica
Authors: Siqueira Eduardo Martins de , Pereira Alexandre de Araújo , Oliveira Isaac Abu Kamel Marques de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo Construir uma matriz de competências em ortopedia e traumatologia, com enfoque no sistema musculoesquelético, necessárias ao egresso do curso de medicina no Brasil.

Método Utilizou-se a metodologia e-Delphi, visando captar a opinião de participantes de forma anônima. A primeira proposta contou com 42 itens, frutos de revisão bibliográfica e relevância epidemiológica, disponibilizados para os painelistas pelo Google Forms e enviados através do aplicativo de mensagens instantâneas Whatsapp. Constituiu-se um painel de 26 especialistas agrupados em três categorias: docentes de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, médicos da Atenção Primária e Emergencistas. O consenso foi obtido após a realização de 3 rodadas, com pelo menos 75% de concordância entre os itens inicialmente apresentados. Foram também considerados quatro indicadores: competências pré-requisito, essenciais, desejáveis e avançadas.

Resultados obteve-se uma matriz com 34 competências relativas à abordagem do sistema musculoesquelético, que contempla ações de diagnóstico e conduta de todas as faixas etárias.

Conclusão Foi construída uma matriz de competências em Ortopedia e Traumatologia para graduação médica com possibilidades de ser utilizada na sua íntegra ou de forma parcial, de acordo com o perfil do currículo institucional.
Perspectives from an Ophthalmic Hospitalist—Changing How We View Hospital-Based Consults
Authors: Kim Donna H.
Published: December 2023

Inpatient and emergency room ophthalmology consults are becoming an increasingly important issue as fewer providers are willing to provide hospital-based coverage. In this Editorial, I explore aspects of this challenge and highlight a potential solution via the role of an ophthalmic hospitalist.
Micro CSR intervention towards employee behavioral and attitudinal outcomes: a parallel mediation model
Authors: Manzoor Sheikh Raheel , Ullah Atif , Ullah Rezwan , Khattak Afraseyab , Han Heesup , Yoo Sunghoon
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study is to (a) examine the impact of perceived micro Corporate Social Responsibility (micro-CSR) on organizational (trust, justice, identification) and employee job-related behavioral and attitudinal outcomes, (b) measure the mediating influence of the organization, (justice, identification, trust) in an association among perceived micro-CSR and employee job-related behavioral and attitudinal outcomes and (c) conduct a meta-analysis about CSR and employee behavioral and attitudinal outcomes related studies. The theory of social exchange supports the parallel mediation model. Questionnaires were distributed among the senior and junior executives of cellular network companies in Pakistan. A total (n = 767) of usable questionnaires were returned cross-sectional, representing (a 92%) response rate. The collected data was first analyzed via factor analysis and measurement model estimation. A structural equation model (SEM) analyzed the parallel mediation model. Third, the PRISMA model was used to conduct a meta-analysis. The study found that perceived micro-CSR positively predicts organizational commitment and job satisfaction, whereas it negatively predicts counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) and turnover intent. Second, it was found that the organizational (trust, justice, and identification) significantly mediates between perceived micro-CSR and commitment, satisfaction, and CWBs, whereas organization (trust, justice, and identification) insignificantly mediates between perceived micro-CSR and turnover intent. The parallel mediating framework shows that perceived CSR results in positive attitudes and behaviors. Our analysis thus offers concrete evidence encouraging businesses and administrators to be involved in CSR initiatives. The study is original, and the result of the study is valuable for all the stakeholders of business and management.
Joseph Campbell’s Oriental mythology in Ghost in the Shell (1995) and Occidental mythology in Ghost in the Shell (2017)
Authors: Li Qiao , Tan Edwin L. Phil , Yang Jianhua
Published: December 2023

Adaptation studies in media have been carried out for decades since the 1950s. When media is adapted between different forms, the narrative inherently changes; even more so when they cross a cultural divide between Japan and the United States. That is precisely the topic of discussion between the animeGhost in the Shell(1995) and its live action film adaptationGhost in the Shell(2017). With narrative being a key focus for comparison in this article, Joseph Campbell’s Hero’s Journey is applied. Taken from his seminal workHero with a Thousand Faces, the theory of the Hero’s Journey has been the go-to reference for monomyth studies for decades which identifies the parallelism and common themes in diverse stories, from classic myths embedded in ancient cultures to film and other contemporary media based on popular culture. Yet, most studies stop there, and do not consider bringing in Campbell’s other works—namely his follow-up collection of booksThe Masks of Godwhich delves deeper into the mythologies of various regions. His books,Oriental MythologyandOccidental Mythology, zeroes in on the myths in the East and West, which would aid in conducting comparisons between materials originating from the two opposite regions, further supplementing its usefulness in adaptation studies concerning Japanese anime and their corresponding Hollywood adaptations. This article covers the changes in narrative themes corresponding to Campbell’s Oriental and Occidental mythology between the animeGhost in the Shell(1995) and its live action film adaptationGhost in the Shell(2017).
Instability of steady states with inhomogeneous field in electron–positron plasma diode
Authors: Bakaleinikov L. A. , Kuznetsov V. I. , Flegontova E. Yu. , Barsukov D. P. , Morozov I. K.
Published: December 2023

Instability features of steady states of the plasma diode with electron and positron counter flows are studied. There are several types of such states for each value of the inter-electrode distance. The case when charged particles moving in the diode plasma are not reflected from potential extrema is considered. We have solved an equation for the amplitude of the electric field perturbation for steady states with an inhomogeneous field distribution. Studying the dispersion equation has shown that all considered solutions are unstable. We have also confirmed this result when simulating small perturbation evolution of a steady-state solution.
Influence of carrier doping on thermo- and galvano-magnetic effects of Bi88Sb12 alloys
Authors: Murata Masayuki , Nagase Kazuo , Aoyama Kayo , Abe Natsuko , Yamamoto Atsushi
Published: December 2023

In this study, the influence of carrier doping on the thermo- and galvano-magnetic effects of Bi–Sb alloys was investigated. Seven types of Bi88Sb12 alloys, namely, the undoped and 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04 at. % Te- and Sn-doped alloys, were fabricated via the spark plasma sintering method and solid phase reaction. The magnetic field dependencies of the diagonal resistivity, Hall resistivity, thermal conductivity, Seebeck thermopower, and Nernst thermopower were measured in the range of −5–5 T at 300 K, and the dimensionless figures of merit for the Seebeck and Nernst effects, i.e., the zST and zNT, respectively, were determined. As a result, both the zT values in the magnetic field were improved by the addition of a trace amount of Te. To better understand this behavior, a computational model that qualitatively describes the Seebeck, Nernst, magnetoresistance, and Hall effects, as well as the carrier thermal conductivity of Bi in the magnetic field, was developed based on the Boltzmann equation by considering the relaxation time approximation. The influence of carrier doping on the thermo-magnetic effect was considered by shifting the chemical potential with the rigid-band model in the established computational model. The computational results demonstrated that zST and zNT in the magnetic field were improved by shifting the chemical potential. These findings revealed that carrier doping could be a promising approach to improve the zT, namely, the zST for the Seebeck effect and zNT for the Nernst effect in Bi–Sb alloys in a magnetic field.