bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refined dynamic analysis of three slab tracks on bridge structures under various high-speed train loads
Authors: Liu Hanlin , Wang Yi , Zhou Rui , Xu Jingmang , Sheng Xi , Xu Fei
Published: June 2024

The dynamic performance of three slab ballastless tracks in the China Railway Track System (CRTS), which is supported by a simply supported box girder under various train loads, were comprehensively investigated with refined rigid-flexible coupled models. A refined rigid-flexible coupled model of vehicle-multi layer track-bridge system was developed to investigate the dynamic performance of three various CRTS slab tracks (i.e., CRTS I, II, III) under various conditions of train models, speeds and loads, respectively. The numerical analysis was conducted by using the combination of ANSYS and Universal Mechanism. It shows that the developed refined model has the capability of simulating the vehicle-slab track-bridge interaction with consideration multi-layer track structures, and the model predictions agree reasonably well with the experimentally measured wheel load reduction rate, lateral displacement and lateral acceleration of the bridge under different train speeds. The parameters of derailment system, vertical and lateral acceleration, the wheel-rail contact force, and Sperling index gradually become larger with the increase of the train speed, especially when the speed increases to 350 km/h. In addition, there is a significant increase in vertical wheel-rail contact force while a decrease in Sperling index when the train with full load capacity. Furthermore, the CRTS III slab track has demonstrated a better dynamic performance of track and bridge structures in comparison to CRTS I and CRTS II slab ballastless tracks.
The effect of thermo-oxidative ageing on the mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester/wood composites
Authors: Mousa Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Thermo-oxidative aging (TOA) is a crucial factor that judges the serviceability of a composite material. Therefore, olive husk wastes (OHWs) was subjected to mechanical and chemical treatments in the first and second stages to check its potential as a reinforcement for unsaturated polyester (UPE) to produce PWC. The mechanical treatment involved milling using a ball mill, followed by mechanical sifting to obtain the smallest particle size. Raw OHW (R-OHW) was progressively increased from 0 to 50 phr and incorporated into the UPE resin. The prepared composites were subjected to TOA process using an air-circulating furnace. The unaged and aged samples were characterized with respect to mechanical properties. The highest retention% was displayed by the sample with 30 phr OHW. The sample with 10 and 30 phr content was subjected to hydrogen peroxide (P-OHW) and di-octylphalate (DOP) treatments (D-OHW) under ambient conditions for 24 h, followed by incorporation into the UPE resin. The prepared composites were undergone TOA process, as before. It has been found that the composition with 10 phr OHW displayed the highest retention% in terms of mechanical performance. Thus, the chemical treatment decreased the OHW amount to be incorporated into the UPE.
Impartiality, human rights advocacy, and teaching about politically sensitive issues: Squaring the circle
Authors: Maxwell Bruce
Published: June 2024

This article first describes and then proposes a practical solution to the professional dilemma between the duty of impartiality and the duty of human rights advocacy that many teachers experience when teaching and talking about politically sensitive issues with students. The article begins by presenting an analysis of the source and signification of the tension between impartiality and human rights advocacy based on evidence from research on teachers’ perspectives, the conceptual literature on teaching and learning about controversial issues, and the legal and ethical framework of education. Then, drawing on scholarship on respect for students’ right to freedom of religion, the article advances and defends set of basic pedagogical guidelines for teaching and talking about politically sensitive issues that permit teachers to maintain a professional stance of impartiality without abrogating their responsibility to act as human rights advocates. Key to squaring the circle between impartiality and human rights advocacy, the article argues, is for teachers to strive to remain descriptive in their treatment of politically sensitive issues and insist on high standards of reasoning and evidence while at the same time respecting students’ right to an opinion, no matter how mistaken that opinion may seem.
Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing Through Inhibition of Ferritinophagy
Authors: Wu Daoai , Zhu Ping , Shi Zhaoming , Li Chen , Wu Chenchen , Sun Weihua , Ran Jianmin
Published: June 2024

Aims: The objective was to examine the efficacy of autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) in treating diabetic wound and investigate the association between APG and ferritinophagy. Methods: A total of 32 patients with diabetic foot (DF) and Wagner grade 1 to 2 were included. Within the APG group, individuals with DF received weekly APG treatment. In the non-APG group, DF patients received daily dressing changes. Flow cytometry quantified the proportion of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood on days 0 and 10. The diabetic rat model was induced using Streptozotocin. Two circular skin wounds were created on the backs of rats. The normal glucose group received daily dressing changes on the wound. In the diabetic group, the left wound underwent daily dressing changes, whereas the right wound was treated with APG once a week. CD34 levels were tested 7 days after the skin damage. The levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4 (NCOA4), Light chain 3 (LC3), and Masson staining were quantified on 14 days. The wound area and wound healing rate were separately measured at 0 and 14 days after the injury, regardless of DF patients or diabetic rats. Results: The wound healing rate was higher in the APG group than in the non-APG group, regardless of DF patients or diabetic rats. The APG group had a greater ΔEPCs% in DF patients than the non-APG group. Regarding rat experiment, the APG group exhibited lower levels of NCOA4, and LC3 expressions and a shorter wound healing time. However, the APG group showed higher levels of CD34 expression, GPX4 protein, and collagen fibers than the non-APG group. Conclusions: Autologous platelet-rich gel accelerated the wound healing rate in diabetic populations and rats. Autologous platelet-rich gel promoted EPCs counts, collagen fiber volume, and vessel numbers. Autologous platelet-rich gel decreased LC3 and NCOA4 expression, but increased GPX4 protein expression. The possible mechanism was the inhibition of ferritinophagy.
Cross-Frequency Coupling as a Biomarker for Early Stroke Recovery
Authors: Mark Jasper I. , Riddle Justin , Gangwani Rachana , Huang Benjamin , Fröhlich Flavio , Cassidy Jessica M.
Published: June 2024

Background

The application of neuroimaging-based biomarkers in stroke has enriched our understanding of post-stroke recovery mechanisms, including alterations in functional connectivity based on synchronous oscillatory activity across various cortical regions. Phase-amplitude coupling, a type of cross-frequency coupling, may provide additional mechanistic insight.

Objective

To determine how the phase of prefrontal cortex delta (1-3 Hz) oscillatory activity mediates the amplitude of motor cortex beta (13-20 Hz) oscillations in individual’s early post-stroke.

Methods

Participants admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility completed resting and task-based EEG recordings and motor assessments around the time of admission and discharge along with structural neuroimaging. Unimpaired controls completed EEG procedures during a single visit. Mixed-effects linear models were performed to assess within- and between-group differences in delta-beta prefrontomotor coupling. Associations between coupling and motor status and injury were also determined.

Results

Thirty individuals with stroke and 17 unimpaired controls participated. Coupling was greater during task versus rest conditions for all participants. Though coupling during affected extremity task performance decreased during hospitalization, coupling remained elevated at discharge compared to controls. Greater baseline coupling was associated with better motor status at admission and discharge and positively related to motor recovery. Coupling demonstrated both positive and negative associations with injury involving measures of lesion volume and overlap injury to anterior thalamic radiation, respectively.

Conclusions

This work highlights the utility of prefrontomotor cross-frequency coupling as a potential motor status and recovery biomarker in stroke. The frequency- and region-specific neurocircuitry featured in this work may also facilitate novel treatment strategies in stroke.
Relationships between symptoms and lung function in asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a real-life setting: the NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY
Authors: Papi Alberto , Hughes Rod , del Olmo Ricardo , Agusti Alvar , Chipps Bradley E. , Make Barry , Tomaszewski Erin , Peres Da Costa Keith , Srivastava Divyansh , Vestbo Jørgen , Janson Christer , Burgel Pierre-Régis , Price David
Published: June 2024

Background:

The relationships between spirometric assessment of lung function and symptoms (including exacerbations) in patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a real-life setting are uncertain.

Objectives:

To assess the relationships between baseline post-bronchodilator (post-BD) spirometry measures of lung function and symptoms and exacerbations in patients with a physician-assigned diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD.

Design:

The NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY (NOVELTY) is a global, prospective, 3-year observational study.

Methods:

Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate relationships. Spirometry measures were assessed as percent predicted (%pred). Symptoms were assessed at baseline, and exacerbations were assessed at baseline and Year 1.

Results:

A total of 11,181 patients in NOVELTY had spirometry data (asthma, n = 5903; COPD, n = 3881; asthma + COPD, n = 1397). A 10% lower post-BD %pred forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) – adjusted for age and sex – were significantly associated with dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council ⩾ grade 2), frequent breathlessness [St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)], frequent wheeze attacks (SGRQ), nocturnal awakening (Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire; ⩾1 night/week), and frequent productive cough (SGRQ). Lower post-BD %pred FEV1 and, to a lesser extent, lower post-BD %pred FVC were significantly associated with ⩾1 physician-reported exacerbation at baseline or Year 1. This association was stronger in patients with COPD than in those with asthma.

Conclusion:

In a real-life setting, reduced lung function is consistently associated with symptoms in patients with asthma, COPD, or asthma + COPD. The relationship with exacerbations is stronger in COPD only than in asthma.

Trail registration:

clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02760329 ( www.clinicaltrials.gov ).
ICP – could there be a virus in the works?
Authors: Giles Sarah K , Hague WM “Bill” , Edwards Robert A
Published: June 2024

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is the most common liver-specific disorder affecting pregnant women, with an Australian incidence of 0.6% pa and recurring in 70% of those affected. ICP causes mild to severe pruritus, often resulting in considerable skin excoriations, profound sleep disturbances, and severe anxiety, and yet the aetiology and optimal treatment or management of this condition remains unknown. In this review, we consider the role of viruses in causing or exacerbating ICP and discuss viruses that have been most closely implicated in the disease, including the role of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses in ICP.
Emotion Regulation Tactics: A Key to Understanding Age (and Other Between- and Within-Person) Differences in Emotion Regulation Preference and Effectiveness
Authors: Isaacowitz Derek M. , Wolfe Hannah E.
Published: June 2024

Older adults report high emotional well-being, but age-comparative studies of emotion regulation strategies have not identified systematic age differences. We propose that emotion regulation tactics may be more promising. Emotion regulation tactics involve strategy implementation in a specific situation, and have features shared across strategies involving positive or negative elements (objects/thoughts) in the environment that may be approached or receded from in the regulation attempt (i.e., a valence dimension about the environmental element, and a direction dimension indicating movement toward or away from it). Across several studies, older adults used more positive-approaching than negative-receding tactics. Positive-approaching tactics may also be more effective at regulating mood. We consider implications for aging, as well as group differences in emotion regulation behavior generally.
Lactobacillus reuteri compared with placebo as an adjuvant in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Meng , Wang Xiaolei , Dong Xinhong , Teng Guigen , Dai Yun , Wang Weihong
Published: June 2024

Background:

Given the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, it is crucial to improve Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) treatment interventions or provide adjunctive therapy. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether Lactobacillus reuteri ( L. reuteri) could improve H. pylori eradication rate, reduce the incidence of adverse events (AEs), and alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms.

Design:

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing L. reuteri supplementation therapy with placebo was conducted.

Sources and methods:

We retrieved relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was H. pylori eradication rate, and the scores on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and AEs were secondary outcomes.

Results:

Eight RCTs including 1087 patients were included in this analysis. The L. reuteri supplementation group showed significantly higher H. pylori eradication rates in both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis [ITT: 80.0% versus 72.6%; p = 0.005, relative risk (RR): 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.17; number needed to treat (NNT) = 14; PP: 81.8% versus 75.0%; p = 0.006, RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03–1.16; NNT = 15]. Patients treated with L. reuteri showed greater improvements in gastrointestinal symptoms (pooled mean difference: −2.43, 95% CI: −4.56 to −0.29, p = 0.03). The incidence of AEs was significantly reduced in the L. reuteri supplementation group based on ITT and PP analysis (ITT: p < 0.00001, RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.67–0.78; PP: p < 0.00001, RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.65–0.77).

Conclusion:

The present meta-analysis demonstrated that supplementation with L. reuteri was beneficial for improving the eradication rate of H. pylori, reducing the overall incidence of side effects, and relieving gastrointestinal symptoms in patients during treatment. The findings provide new insights into clinical decision-making.

Trial registration (PROSPERO):

CRD42023424052.
Diagnosing vasculitis with ultrasound: findings and pitfalls
Authors: Schmidt Wolfgang A. , Schäfer Valentin S.
Published: June 2024

Rheumatologists are increasingly utilizing ultrasound for suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA) or Takayasu arteritis (TAK). This enables direct confirmation of a suspected diagnosis within the examination room without further referrals. Rheumatologists can ask additional questions and explain findings to their patients while performing ultrasound, preferably in fast-track clinics to prevent vision loss. Vascular ultrasound for suspected vasculitis was recently integrated into rheumatology training in Germany. New European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations prioritize ultrasound as the first imaging tool for suspected GCA and recommend it as an imaging option for suspected TAK alongside magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and computed tomography. Ultrasound is integral to the new classification criteria for GCA and TAK. Diagnosis is based on consistent clinical and ultrasound findings. Inconclusive cases require histology or additional imaging tests. Robust evidence establishes high sensitivities and specificities for ultrasound. Reliability is good among experts. Ultrasound reveals a characteristic non-compressible ‘halo sign’ indicating intima-media thickening (IMT) and, in acute disease, artery wall oedema. Ultrasound can further identify stenoses, occlusions and aneurysms, and IMT can be measured. In suspected GCA, ultrasound should include at least the temporal and axillary arteries bilaterally. Nearly all other arteries are accessible except the descending thoracic aorta. TAK mostly involves the common carotid and subclavian arteries. Ultrasound detects subclinical GCA in over 20% of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) patients without GCA symptoms. Patients with silent GCA should be treated as GCA because they experience more relapses and require higher glucocorticoid doses than PMR patients without GCA. Scores based on intima-thickness (IMT) of temporal and axillary arteries aid follow-up of GCA, particularly in trials. The IMT decreases more rapidly in temporal than in axillary arteries. Ascending aorta ultrasound helps monitor patients with extracranial GCA for the development of aneurysms. Experienced sonologists can easily identify pitfalls, which will be addressed in this article.
Management of Atrophic Edentulous Mandible Fractures Utilizing Virtual Surgical Planning and Patient-Specific Implants
Authors: Caruso Daniel P. , Aquino Vincent M. , Hajibandeh Jeffrey T.
Published: June 2024

Study Design

This paper presents a case series analysis of 5 patients with Luhr class III mandible fractures treated using virtual surgical planning (VSP) and patient-specific implants (PSI) between October 2020 and February 2023. The study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of VSP and PSI in managing complex mandibular fractures, particularly in edentulous patients.

Objective

The primary objective is to assess the outcomes of using VSP and PSI for reconstructive surgery in patients with Luhr class III mandible fractures. The study aims to determine the accuracy of these techniques in fracture reduction and their impact on surgical complications and overall patient outcomes.

Methods

The methodology involves a detailed preoperative planning process using VSP to design customized implants tailored to the specific anatomical needs of each patient. The study tracks the surgical procedures, implant placements, and postoperative outcomes, comparing the preoperative plans with the actual surgical results to evaluate accuracy and effectiveness.

Results

The results indicate successful fracture reduction in all 5 patients, with a high degree of accuracy in implant placement and alignment compared to the preoperative virtual plans. The study highlights the benefits of VSP and PSI, including precise screw placement and enhanced potential for prosthetic rehabilitation. Despite the higher costs, the outcomes suggest significant advantages in terms of surgical precision and patient recovery.

Conclusions

The use of VSP and PSI in the treatment of Luhr class III mandible fractures provides a tailored approach that enhances surgical accuracy and patient outcomes. While acknowledging the increased costs, the findings support the value of these advanced techniques in managing complex edentulous mandible fractures, advocating for their consideration in similar cases to improve surgical results and patient care. The study adds to the growing evidence of the benefits of VSP and PSI in reconstructive maxillofacial surgery.
Developmental changes of the impact of visual cues on ANS acuity across grades 1-5: Different patterns of visual cues on numerosity processing
Authors: Tang Yike , Qian Ping , Yan Linlin
Published: June 2024

Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated the presence of the approximate number system (ANS) throughout development. Research has also revealed that visual cues may influence the ANS acuity, which may change with age. However, most studies have drawn conclusions based on performance differences between incongruent and congruent trials, which may be confounded by an individual's ability to inhibit interference. Therefore, to examine the developmental changes of the impact of visual cues on ANS acuity, we utilized congruent trials with varying visual cues. Our sample comprised Chinese children from grade one to grade five. We manipulated the salience of numerical cues (numerical ratio) and visual cues (dot size) in a non-symbolic numerosity comparison task. The results revealed a discernible leap in development from first to third grade and first to fifth grade; however, this upward trajectory did not persist into the transition from third to fifth grade, where no appreciable advancement was observed. Moreover, we observed different effects of visual cues on the dot-comparison task depending on the numerical cues and age. Specifically, visual cues (i.e., dot size) only facilitated ANS acuity in older school-aged children when numerical cues were weakened. The results indicate the presence of two distinct magnitude representational systems—one for the numerical dimension and another for the non-numerical dimension—during development.
A case of disseminated angiosarcoma-like Kaposi sarcoma presenting with unusual vesiculobullous lesions
Authors: Gill Jasmine , Odeshi Oluwatosin , Mahmood Muhammad N , Grewal Parbeer
Published: June 2024

Angiosarcoma-like Kaposi sarcoma represents a recently delineated rare histomorphologic variant of Kaposi sarcoma that can be difficult to distinguish from other vasoproliferative lesions. Conventional lesions of Kaposi sarcoma encompass patches, plaques, and nodules; however, rarely vesiculobullous lesions have been described. Angiosarcoma-like Kaposi sarcoma has never been previously reported to present with vesiculobullous lesions. Herein, we describe a unique case of disseminated angiosarcoma-like Kaposi sarcoma with vesiculobullous lesions as the initial manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Patients’ needs and experiences of telerehabilitation after total hip and knee arthroplasty: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Zhang Wenzhong , Ji Hong , Wu Yan , Xu Zhenzhen , Li Jing , Sun Qingxiang , Wang Chunlei , Zhao Fengyi
Published: June 2024

Background

The number of patients undergoing joint replacement procedures is continuously increasing. Tele-equipment is progressively being employed for postrehabilitation of total hip and knee replacements. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the experiences and requirements of patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty who participate in telerehabilitation can contribute to the enhancement of telerehabilitation programs and the overall rehabilitation and care provided to this specific population.

Objective

To explore the needs and experiences of total hip and knee arthroplasty patients with telerehabilitation.

Design

Systematic review and qualitative synthesis.

Methods

Electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and SinoMed were systematically searched for information on the needs and experiences of telerehabilitation for patients with total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty in qualitative studies. The search period was from the creation of the database to March 2024. Literature quality was assessed using the 2016 edition of the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. A pooled integration approach was used to integrate the findings inductively.

Results

A total of 11 studies were included and 4 themes were identified: the desire to communicate and the need to acquire knowledge; accessible, high-quality rehabilitation services; positive psychological experiences; the dilemmas of participating in telerehabilitation.

Conclusions

This study's findings emphasize that the practical needs and challenges of total hip and knee arthroplasty patients’ participation in telerehabilitation should be continuously focused on, and the advantages of telerehabilitation should be continuously strengthened to guarantee the continuity of patients’ postoperative rehabilitation and to promote their postoperative recovery.
Factors influencing telemedicine adoption among physicians in the Malaysian healthcare system: A revisit
Authors: Tan Siow-Hooi , Wong Chee-Kuan , Yap Yee-Yann , Tan Siow-Kian
Published: June 2024

Background

The Malaysian healthcare system is under strain due to an aging population, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, and heavy workloads among physicians. As costs and requirements continue to rise, telemedicine is critical for bridging gaps in supply and demand. However, there are limited studies on telemedicine adoption among Malaysian physicians. Furthermore, the existing literature on telemedicine adoption does not contain a comprehensive framework that integrates the multidimensional social influence, and technological, clinical, and individual factors.

Objective

This research investigates the adoption of telemedicine among Malaysian physicians. It draws from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Kelman's Social Influence Theory.

Methods

A survey was conducted among 230 participants in hospitals located in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

Results

The study identified crucial factors influencing telemedicine adoption, including informational influences, rewards, perceived ease of use, and usefulness. Meanwhile, the Importance-performance Map Analysis (IPMA) identified perceived ease of use as the most important factor for physicians, but the highest performance was patient’s records.

Conclusions

The proposed integrated model enhances the understanding of telemedicine adoption and highlights the differential effects of individual, technological, clinical, and multidimensional social influence factors from the physicians’ perspective. The findings can guide future studies and influence implementation strategies for telemedicine promotion in the Malaysian healthcare context. Hospitals should prioritize user-friendly technology and information provision, while telemedicine providers should enhance the accessibility of patient records to facilitate telemedicine adoption. Policymakers should consider supporting training programs that will boost physicians’ confidence in effectively utilizing telemedicine.
Exploring social media adoption for marketing purpose among healthcare professionals in Gondar town, central Gondar zone: A facility-based cross-sectional survey
Authors: Atsbeha Berhanemeskel Weldegerima , Wodaje Mulugeta Negash
Published: June 2024

Background

Social media has become an integral platform for global information exchange and business interactions, emerging as a crucial tool for promoting products and services in the digital age. Despite its worldwide significance, local businesses, especially in Ethiopia, lag behind in leveraging social media for healthcare marketing. The scarcity of studies on social media adoption among healthcare providers in Ethiopia highlights the imperative for comprehensive research.

Objective

This study, conducted in Gondar Town, focused on private healthcare professionals, aiming to identify the determinants of their behavioral intention and usage behavior in adopting social media marketing.

Method

A facility-based cross-sectional survey involving 238 health professionals from private healthcare facilities in Gondar Town was conducted between March and June 2023. The study analyzed data using SPSS Version 26 and AMOS Structural Equation Modeling Version 23.

Results

All participants reported using social media platforms, with Facebook, Telegram, and YouTube being popular choices. Performance expectancy, social influence, facilitation condition, and behavioral intention significantly influenced healthcare professionals’ adoption of social media marketing. Performance expectancy and social influence exhibited the strongest impact on behavioral intention, acting as mediators influencing usage behavior. However, effort expectancy did not significantly influence behavioral intention. Age, gender, experience, and voluntariness showed no significant moderating effects.

Conclusion

This study contributes valuable insights into social media marketing adoption in the healthcare sector, emphasizing the critical role of various factors in shaping behavioral intention and usage behavior. The findings offer practical implications for private healthcare providers, policymakers, and marketers, guiding strategies to enhance patient communication and engagement through social media in Gondar Town.
The Impact of Debt on Job-Search Behavior Among South-Korean Low-Income Youths: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem
Authors: Choi Sangmi , Cho Jayoung
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of self-esteem in the path from the burden of debt to job-search behavior among South-Korean low-income youths under a economic recession. Using data from the Second Panel Study on the Participants of the Youth Hope Growing Account (YHGA) program in Korea, this study tested a theoretical model using structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. The mediation effect was estimated using bootstrapping. The results revealed a significant effect of debt burden on job-search behavior, which was fully mediated by self-esteem. These findings suggest the necessity of providing financial and psychological support for economically disadvantaged youth to facilitate successful entry into the labor market in South Korea.
Network Structure Matters: Unpacking Associations Among Informational WeChat Use, Network Heterogeneity, Network Capital, and Civic Involvement
Authors: Pang Hua , Yang Taoyi
Published: June 2024

Although mobile social networking sites have successfully penetrated into individual’s various aspects of everyday lives, few empirical studies have investigated important antecedents of civic involvement in the WeChat context from a network capital perspective. The principal aims of the research are to systematically explore the underlying associations between mobile social media use, network heterogeneity, network capital, and civic participation among young people. The data was collected in an online survey of 1,208 young people in mainland China. Structural equation modeling analysis was carried out to examine the corresponding hypotheses. Findings revealed that informational WeChat use could positively impact young people’s network heterogeneity, which subsequently contributes to increased degrees of civic involvement. Additionally, the results demonstrated that network heterogeneity and network capital on WeChat are positively associated with civic involvement. Furthermore, network heterogeneity and network capital could mediate the association between WeChat use for information and individual’s civic activities. These obtained outcomes underlined the vital role of mobile social media communication in facilitating democratic engagement of young citizens in contemporary mobile media-saturated society.
Engaging Distributors’ Strategic Orientation in Fuzzy Front-End Innovation—Analysis Based on the Moderating Effects of CEO Alertness
Authors: Huang Jiaxu , Hu Haiqing
Published: June 2024

This study intends to investigate how the extra-role behavior of distributors’ FFE strategic orientation affects daily necessity manufacturers’ NPD (New product development) performance. This study also probes the moderating effects of FFE external environment uncertainties and CEOs’ alertness on this relationship. Data for this study were collected from different categories of daily necessity manufacturing companies, such as daily hygiene firms, food and beverage firms and daily electronics firms. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results show that distributors’ customer orientation has a positive impact on daily necessity manufacturers’ NPD performance. Furthermore, the results also show that FFE market uncertainty and FFE economic policy uncertainty negatively moderate the relationship, while CEO alertness has a positive moderating effect. This study indicates that the extra-role behavior (behavior that beyond one’s normal business duty) of distributors should utilize daily necessity manufacturers’ FFE customer orientation to help build greater NPD performance. It also shows that CEOs’ alertness is vital for daily necessity manufacturers to defend against FFE external environment uncertainties. This study closes the gap between FFE strategic orientation and daily necessity manufacturers’ NPD performance. This study also explores extra-role behavior and CEOs’ role in daily necessity manufacturers’ FFE innovation.
Client Perspectives on the Development of a Rapid PrEP Initiative at a Sexual Health Center in New Orleans, Louisiana
Authors: Lovett Aish , Luder Rose , Lillis Rebecca A. , Butler Isolde , Siren Julia , Gomez Samuel , Kamis Kevin , Obafemi Oluyomi , Rowan Sarah E. , Baral Stefan , Clement Meredith E.
Published: June 2024

Uptake of PrEP remains suboptimal, especially in the Southern United States. Same-day or “Rapid PrEP Initiatives” (RPIs) in sexual health centers (SHCs) could facilitate access and overcome barriers to PrEP. We studied the adaptation of an RPI from Denver, Colorado to an SHC in New Orleans, Louisiana. Through focus group discussions (FGDs) with local SHC staff and PrEP providers, we developed a preliminary RPI model. In 5 FGDs with SHC clients referred for or taking PrEP, we gathered adaptation recommendations and feedback on model acceptability, feasibility, and utility. Providers and clients voiced unanimous support for the RPI. Clients favored the ease of same-day PrEP initiation and emphasized a desire for navigational support, financial counseling, and integration of PrEP care with their other clinical needs. Clients recommended that SHC providers discuss PrEP and HIV with all patients, regardless of providers’ perception of risk. Next steps include small-scale implementation and evaluation.
Midterm Outcomes of Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Patellar Instability in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Parikh Shital N. , Nemunaitis James , Wall Eric J. , Cabatu Clarence , Gupta Rajul , Veerkamp Matthew W.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Patellar instability is frequently encountered in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). The clinical outcomes of isolated medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) for patellar instability in patients with EDS are unknown.

Purpose:

To evaluate midterm clinical outcomes of isolated MPFLR for patellar instability in patients with EDS and factors affecting these outcomes.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

In a retrospective study, 31 patients (n = 47 knees) with EDS and patellar instability who underwent isolated MPFLR for recurrent patellar instability between 2008 and 2017 and had a minimum 2-year follow-up were identified. Preoperative radiographic images were measured for anatomic risk factors. Clinical outcomes—including postoperative complications—were evaluated. Factors associated with MPFLR failure were identified. Postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs)—including the pediatric version of the International Knee Documentation Committee, the Kujala score, the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale, the Banff Patellofemoral Instability Instrument 2.0, and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score—were collected, and factors affecting PRO scores were analyzed.

Results:

The mean age of the cohort was 14.9 ± 2 years. At a mean follow-up of 7.2 years, 18 of 47 (38.3%) knees required reoperations, of which 9 of 47 (19.1%) knees required revision stabilization for recurrent patellar instability. Also, 7 of 31 knees (22.6%) with autografts failed compared with 2 of 16 (12.5%) with allografts ( P = .69). For autografts, 6 of 17 (35.3%) failures occurred with gracilis, but 0 of 13 (0%) occurred with semitendinosus ( P = .02). Compared with patients without failures, patients with failed primary MPFLR were significantly younger ( P = .0005) and were able to touch the palm to the floor with their knees extended ( P = .03). For radiographic parameters, the patellar height and tilt were significantly higher in the failure group. The postoperative PROs were suboptimal at a mean follow-up of 5.2 years. All but 1 patient were satisfied with the final outcome.

Conclusion:

At the midterm follow-up, 38.3% of patients with EDS required further surgery after isolated MPFLR for patellar instability; half of these revisions (19.1%) were to address recurrent instability. Recurrent instability after isolated MPFLR was more likely in younger patients and those who could touch the palm to the floor with their knees extended. Postoperative PROs were inferior; nonetheless, patient satisfaction was high.
Deconstruction of Cultural Location: Evaluation of Dvija Kanai as the Pioneer of Namasudra Literature
Authors: Biswas Jyoti
Published: June 2024

Despite being one of the largest ethnic communities in Bengal delta, the Namasudras have never been acknowledged in the domain of production of knowledge, especially literature. The present article is a maiden attempt to locate the root of their literary heritage and to evaluate their contribution to literature. In this endeavour, the article transcends the Namasudra history that began in 1812, and goes beyond it, especially in the medieval period. It argues that the medieval folk poet Dvija Kanai who composed a folk ballad named Mahua was the first literary representative of this community. In this respect, this article deconstructs the modern literary culture of Namasudras, namely Dalit literature in which they have made a significant contribution. It argues that, unlike the modern Dalit Namasudra writers, the folk poet Dvija Kanai was the pioneer of Namasudra literature. 1
Social Location of Hindu Dalits and Muslim Peasants in Late Colonial Bengal: Depiction of the Malo Community in Adwaita Mallabarman’s A River Called Titashz
Authors: Sajjad Washim
Published: June 2024

It is not new in India to have Dalits and Muslims engage politically for social empowerment. Following the partition of India, their political engagement is largely slackened. Similarly, the unity among Dalits and Muslim peasants in late colonial Bengal was stronger than it is today. Both sections of society used to share a similar political interest. Several historians suggest that Hindu Dalits in late colonial Bengal were associated with Muslim peasants as their social allies. According to multiple historians, the disparity between Muslims and untouchable tenants was potentially less than that between untouchables and upper-class landlords. During the colonial era, untouchables and Muslims formed political alliances to oppose the dominant upper-class Hindu landlords. A River Called Titash portrays a low-caste Hindu fishing community called the Malo in late colonial Bengal and their friendly coexistence with other communities, especially with Muslim peasants. The author, as a member of the Malo community, ethnographically elaborates on the story of their lives, including births, marriages and deaths. In every aspect of their lives, there is a solid anguish against caste discrimination that pervades. By emphasizing the social engagement of the Malo with Muslim peasants, this research article aims to examine the type of social alliance that exists between them and how these two groups view each other as social allies. Additionally, it can serve as an example of the contemporary social position of Dalits in late colonial Bengal and their political alliances with Muslims.
Role of Chatbots in Cultural Heritage Tourism: An Empirical Study on Ancient Forts and Palaces
Authors: Sathiyabamavathy K. , Anju K. P.
Published: June 2024

Cultural heritage is an essential tool for understanding and promoting a territory. In this regard, it is crucial to experiment with improving cultural heritage by adopting techniques such as artificial intelligence, which is highly used to generate immersive experiences for cultural visitors. Tamil Nadu is one of India’s states known for its ancient monuments, such as temples, forts, palaces and other archaeological sites. These monuments receive a large number of tourists every year. Some heritage destinations are not extensively explored because tourists cannot spot the destination. In this scenario, technology can provide help to explore unexplored destinations. This article traces the expansion of chatbots with advanced technologies in the tourism industry and analyses the scope of developing a chatbot in Tamil Nadu forts and palaces. This article is divided into three stages; the first stage analyses the factors affecting the customer’s user experience of the existing chatbot. The second stage proposes a conceptual model for developing chatbots for tourist destinations. The third stage is developing a new chatbot, ‘TN Forts Buddy’, to explore the unexplored forts and palaces of Tamil Nadu. These adaptive systems and linked services help to promote cultural heritage and make travel easy.
Suicide Ideation and Self-Harm Behaviors in First-Year Dormitory Students at a Public Midwestern University: A Pilot Study
Authors: Klonoff-Cohen Hillary Sandra , Cohen Auroraleigh , Gobin Robyn L. , Polavarapu Mounika , Allen Ryan , Reddy Swetha , Vuyyuru Chandana
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Currently, 1 in 5 college students struggle with suicidal ideation while 7% to 44% engage in nonsuicidal self-injury. Illinois has one of the highest teenage and college student suicide rates in the United States. This pilot study assessed suicide ideation and self-harm behaviors at a public Illinois university. This is the first study to use 5 standardized psychological instruments to investigate these 2 crises in freshmen college students who are all required to reside in dormitories. The main hypothesis was to determine if the independent effects of freshmen students’ depression, Five-Factor Model, and Reasons for Living affected the dependent variables, self-harm behaviors and suicide ideation. Methods: Forty first-year college dormitory students completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Scale of Suicidal Ideation, Five-Factor Model, Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, and Reasons for Living Scale in person. Results: Participants were 18 to 19 years old, predominantly female (65%), and non-White (62%). Forty percent reported self-harm behaviors and 19% reported suicidal ideation. The top reasons for contemplated suicide attempts included the inability to solve problems (33%) and attention/revenge (28%). Students experienced high levels of anxiety (55%), self-consciousness (43%), and depression (18%). Depression was associated with suicide ideation (β  = 0.05, P = .006), while neuroticism and openness were associated with self-harm behaviors ( aOR = 3.36, P = .02, aOR = 0.48, P = .047, respectively). Ninety-five percent reported “responsibility to family” as a Reason for Living. Conclusions: Preliminary evidence necessitates an examination of self-harm and suicide ideation among all freshmen, investigating both risk and protective factors. In the future, a prevention intervention should be implemented campus-wide (and eventually nationwide) for all first-year dormitory students to enhance their mental well-being.
Integrative Group Visits for Sleep Disturbance: A Brief Report
Authors: Kiefer David , Eby Katherine , Zaborek Jennifer , Goldstein Ellen
Published: June 2024

Background

There is limited research on the efficacy of group visits using integrative treatment modalities and for people whose chief concern is sleep disturbance. This quality improvement project delivered integrative health content in group visits for people with self-reported sleep disturbance.

Objective

To describe an integrative group visit for sleep disturbance, explore the evaluation process for several outcomes, and report on lessons learned.

Methods

A group visit series involved 4 sessions over the course of 1 month, covering integrative health topics such as acupuncture, mind-body therapies, and herbal medicine. Participants were administered 2 validated surveys (PSQI and PROMIS-29) at baseline and 1- and 3-months post-intervention.

Results

In 4 4 week GV series,18 people participated in-person pre-pandemic, and 5 people participated virtually during the pandemic. The mean age for the entire cohort was 63.2 years. Of the 23 participants, 18 (78%) attended all 4 GV sessions within their series.

Conclusion

Preliminary findings from this study suggest that an integrative group visit approach to sleep disturbance is feasible yet would benefit from a more rigorous investigation.
Beyond nostalgia for the Herrenvolk industrial economy
Authors: Hackworth Jason
Published: June 2024

In this response to Luger and Schwarze I concur that the meaning and application of the “post-industrial” is imprecise. In particular, I argue that current manifestations of the concept background the role of racism at generating the landscapes often solely attributed to deindustrialization.
More early bleeds associated with high baseline direct oral anticoagulant levels in atrial fibrillation: the MAS study
Authors: Palareti Gualtiero , Testa Sophie , Legnani Cristina , Dellanoce Claudia , Cini Michela , Paoletti Oriana , Ciampa Antonio , Antonucci Emilia , Poli Daniela , Morandini Rossella , Tala Maurizio , Chiarugi Paolo , Santoro Rita Carlotta , Iannone Angela Maria , De Candia Erica , Pignatelli Pasquale , Faioni Elena Maria , Chistolini Antonio , Esteban Maria del Pilar , Marietta Marco , Tripodi Armando , Tosetto Alberto
Published: June 2024

Treatment with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is effective and safe. However, bleeding complications still occur. Whether DOAC level measurement may further improve treatment efficacy and safety is still an open issue. In the "Measure and See" study, venous blood was collected 15-30 days after DOAC initiation in patients with AF who were then followed up for 1 year to record the occurrence of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. DOAC plasma levels were measured in 1 laboratory, and results were kept blind to patients and treating doctors. Trough DOAC levels were assessed in 1657 patients (957 [57.7%] and 700 patients treated with standard and low-dose, respectively). Fifty bleeding events were recorded during 1606 years of follow-up (3.11% pt/yrs). Fifteen bleeding events (4.97% pt/yrs) occurred in patients with C-trough standardized values in the highest activity class (>0.50), whereas 35 events (2.69% pt/yrs) occurred in those with values in the 2 lower classes (≤0.50, P = .0401). Increasing DOAC levels and low-dose DOAC use were associated with increased bleeding risk in the first 3 months of treatment. Overall, 19% of patients receiving low doses had standardized values in the highest class. More bleeding occurred in patients on low (4.3% pt/yrs) vs standard (2.2% pt/yrs; P = .0160) dose DOAC. Early measurement of DOAC levels in patients with AF identified many individuals with high levels despite the low doses use and had more bleeding risk during the first 3 months of treatment. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT03803579.