bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vox populi, vox regni : passions, solidarités et développement social en terrain multilingue
Authors: Boudet Martine
Published: May 2024

Les langues-cultures moteurs de démocratie et de développement est la publication d’une équipe internationale et interdisciplinaire (18 participants), constituée de linguistes et d’anthropologues, avec la participation de la Délégation générale à la langue française et aux langues de France/DGLFLF (du ministère de la Culture), du Réseau international POCLANDE, de l’Observatoire européen du plurilinguisme (OEP) et du Carrefour Culturel Arnaud Bernard (Toulouse). Les objectifs de ce livre sont principalement de relier des travaux académiques sur les langues et sur les cultures de relier les problématiques des langues-cultures minoritaires de relier les objectifs citoyens de démocratie et de développement.
La psychologie clinique transculturelle
Authors: Bossuroy Muriel
Published: May 2024

Comment penser le lien intime qui lie la culture et le psychisme ? Le relativisme et l’universalisme s’opposent, le premier défendant la prépondérance de la culture sur le psychisme et le second du psychisme sur la culture. Or, tous deux sont co-émergents, intimement liés sans que l’un préexiste à l’autre : le psychologique c’est de la culture introjectée et la culture du psychisme projeté. Tous deux ont des composantes universelles ce qui fait qu’il existe des correspondances entre le psychisme des uns et la culture des autres.
La psychologie clinique transculturelle
Authors: Sturm Gesine
Published: May 2024

Dans cette fiche, nous abordons les particularités de la prise en charge de l’adulte dans la clinique transculturelle, en évoquant d’abord quelques-unes des thématiques principales rencontrées dans ces situations, puis en nous concentrant sur les enjeux de la première rencontre : l’entretien d’accueil, d’évaluation ou d’orientation.
La psychologie clinique transculturelle
Authors: Feldman Marion
Published: May 2024

Cette fiche aborde la question du traumatisme psychique et de sa prise en charge transculturelle, en reprenant d’abord cette notion développée par Freud, notamment avec sa conception du psychotraumatisme et de sa théorie de « l’après-coup » puis en évoquant sa dimension dynamique et en prenant en compte les problématiques liées à la migration. Ensuite, la transmission du traumatisme est évoquée, en particulier avec la notion de « crypte » et d’arbre de vie fragilisé pour proposer enfin une piste de prise en charge transculturelle du traumatisme psychique.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’adulte
Authors: Baubet Thierry
Published: May 2024

Le travail de deuil est différent du travail psychique d’élaboration d’un traumatisme. Dans trois situations cependant les deux notions se rencontrent : l’annonce du décès violent d’un très proche peut avoir un effet traumatique et être à l’origine de troubles post-traumatiques, certains sujets vivent dans le même temps la perte d’un proche et l’exposition à des images horribles, et dans certains cas, c’est la perte elle-même qui peut avoir un effet traumatique : on parle alors de deuil complexe persistant.
Le traumatisme psychique chez l’adulte
Authors: Mansouri Malika , Feldman Marion
Published: May 2024

Les blessures induites par l’histoire collective impactent profondément et durablement le devenir du sujet, surtout lorsqu’elles sont déniées. C’est le cas des violences de l’histoire coloniale, traumatiques, qui ne peuvent pas disparaître lorsqu’elles sont silenciées. Au contraire, ces violences, désubjectivantes, génèrent potentiellement honte, blessures identitaires et narcissiques et sont impossibles à cicatriser.
Psychoalcoologie à l'hôpital
Authors: Pellissier-Plattier Sandrine
Published: May 2024

Le support du groupe dans les associations d’anciens buveurs est très fréquemment évoqué par les personnes en difficulté avec l’alcool, en écho à la groupalité ordinaire des simples usagers qui se retrouvent dans la convivialité du partage en famille, entre collègues ou entre amis. La forme groupale est également une proposition thérapeutique très utilisée dans les parcours de soins, qu’ils soient ambulatoires ou hospitaliers. Ce sont des dynamiques groupales qui ont chacune leur singularité et leur pertinence. Il semble important de repérer quelques caractéristiques de ces dispositifs groupaux et de ce qu’ils peuvent offrir, contenir et transformer, étant entendu que l’isolement est à la fois une conséquence et un facteur aggravant des mésusages d’alcool.
Psychogérontologie fondamentale et théorique
Authors: Trouilloud Mireille
Published: May 2024

Le travail de vieillir 1  est un travail d’élaboration psychique contribuant à faire sien son vieillissement et sa vieillesse, autorisant à être de son âge, composant avec ses vicissitudes, bravant ses injures, avec l’envie de poursuivre les combats et les découvertes de soi, dans le bouillon de sa culture, et ce jusqu’à ce que mort s’ensuive.
IZAZOVI RODITELJSTVA ADOLESCENATA: KVALITATIVNA ANALIZA ISKUSTAVA RODITELJA
Authors: Macuka Ivana
Published: May 2024

Parental role is one of the most demanding life experiences that can simultaneously be highly fulfilling, but is also very challenging and stressful. Parents frequently state that the period of adolescence of their children is one of the most challenging phases of parenthood due to intense changes in the development of children that affect their relationshionship with a child. Research focused on parents is scarce in Croatia, particularly qualitative research focused on the subjective experiences of parents. The dynamics of a modern family, expectations of parents, rapid technological growth and availability of different information about adolescents and positive parenthood are only some of the factors that can form the subjective experience of the parental role. The aim of this research is to grasp personal experience and challenges faced by parents of children in early adolescence. The qualitative research was conducted in different regions of Croatia (in Split, Biograd na moru, Benkovac and Varaždin), with the participation of 25 parents (19 mothers and 6 fathers) in four focus groups. In the analysis of the results obtained, the research questions posed to the parents are examined in detail, with a categorization of individual topics related to their subjective experience of parenthood and the opinion of what is it like to be a parent today compared to previous generations of parents. The paper also presents the analyses of the responses of parents about the educational methods used and the key problems that they state related to the communication with children and the reasons for conflicts, as well as perceived sources of support in parenthood. Key words: subjective experiences of parents, qualitative research, adolescents, focus group
Para una lectura de la obra de Marsé tras la «crisis de la experiencia y la narración»
Authors: Moreno-Caballud Luis
Published: May 2024

Este artículo aspira a hacer posible una lectura de la obra de Marsé que tenga efectos transformadores sobre el presente. Para ello toma como punto de partida la «identificación del capitalismo con la realidad»: en nuestro tiempo el marco de toda experiencia es ser un individuo condenado a la tarea infinita de dar valor a su vida en competición con otros y consigo mismo. Los intentos de contar el mundo de otra forma tienden a ser reabsorbidos por este marco. Esta no es, sin embargo, la experiencia de los personajes recurrentes de Marsé, vencidos en la guerra civil (y en la lucha de clases), pero capaces de crear narraciones subalternas colectivas que ponen en cuestión las versiones oficiales de la realidad. Se concluye que la clave para una lectura transformadora de Marsé en el presente está en cultivar espacios de construcción autónoma de sentido similares a los que él recrea en sus novelas. Solo desde espacios en los que la palabra pueda volver a transformar la experiencia podremos acoger de forma coherente la intervención literaria y política de Marsé.
Introduction
Authors: Guignery Vanessa
Published: May 2024

This issue of Études britanniques contemporaines emanates from contributions to a workshop of the Société d’Études Anglaises Contemporaines (SEAC) at the 2023 conference of the Société des Anglicistes de l’Enseignement Supérieur in Rennes. The conference revolved around the notion of transmission and gave contributors the opportunity to probe the polysemic dimensions of this concept in British literature and culture of the 20th and 21st centuries. This introduction examines transmission through the lens of intergenerational legacy and inheritance, literary and aesthetic filiations and transfers, contagion and contamination, memory and history, and identifies the potential obstacles to transmission and ways to circumvent them.
Transmission as Fabrication in Graham Swift’s Shuttlecock (1981) and Wish You Were Here (2011)
Authors: Roblin Isabelle
Published: May 2024

For Graham Swift, as for many authors of the immediate post-World War II generation, transmitting memories and stories of the past—especially of the two world wars but also more recently, the Iraq war—to the next generations, especially as those who lived them are dying out, is part of a writer’s duty of remembrance. Thus most of his novels are about or at least include ex-servicemen whose lives have been obliquely or directly shaped by their wartime experiences and/or ordinary people who have been traumatized one way or another by the war. However, as Swift said in an interview with Marc Porée it is also up to the novelists to debunk some of the ‘glorious myths’ transmitted by family members or by the army, for example, when facts or events are deliberately or unwittingly falsified. I shall examine here a few examples of these faulty transmissions that the novelist deals with, focusing more specifically on Shuttlecock (1981) and Wish You Were Here (2011).
‘“But will I write disgustingly?” The Shock of Transmission in Martin Amis’s The Zone of Interest’
Authors: Camus Solène
Published: May 2024

This article explores the way British writer Martin Amis approaches the issue of the transmission of the trauma of the Holocaust in his novel The Zone of Interest (2014). Amis offers to engage once again with the genre of perpetrators fiction as the novel adopts the point of view of Nazi officials and recounts the daily lives of officers working in a nameless camp meant to resemble Auschwitz. Amis thus returns to a literary tradition that has long been reflecting on the possibility and ethics of writing about the trauma of the Shoah. This article will recontextualize the publication controversy that erupted after Amis’s French and German editors refused to publish the text. It then intends to follow Marianne Hirsch and Leo Spitzer’s injunction to ‘scrutinize the “acts of transfer”’ so as to identify the narrative mechanisms used in the novel to transmit the horror of the Holocaust. This paper will examine how Amis uses the paratext of his novel to question his approach to the memory of the Shoah and to situate his position regarding the matter. Yet the publishing controversy suggests that Amis’s intention of creative transmission might be threatened by the very way of telling history. In light of Rita Felski’s work on the reader’s engagement with a text, this paper will therefore determine how Amis resorts to using shock and disgust as a way of letting something of the Holocaust ‘pass through’ while challenging the aesthetic pleasure one might experience in reading those testimonies.
Chains of Consolation: Ghost-Writing Death’s Tales in Salena Godden’s Mrs Death Misses Death (2021)
Authors: Lecomte Héloïse
Published: May 2024

Salena Godden’s novel Mrs Death Misses Death (2021) brings the principle of ghost-writing to new symbolic grounds as the protagonist, Wolf Willeford, a young writer, turns the memories and diaries of Death herself into memoirs. Part poetical fiction, part song-book, the hybrid work compiles tales of death and mourning together with episodes of Wolf’s existence, thereby mingling legends with accounts of real-life events (such as the Grenfell fire of 2017). The combination of traumatic and magical realism carves a literary language for nested gestures of transmission (from Death to her ghost-writer, from Godden to her reader and even from reader to reader), in a book whose last section doubles as a ‘private ritual’ space of collective mourning for victims of the Covid-19 pandemic (302). While Godden’s elegy questions the possibility of passing down the personal memory and collective history of traumatic events, it also promotes the literary regeneration and transmission of mourning rituals in a seemingly “deritualised” contemporary British society (Clavandier 2009, 91). It is no coincidence that Godden should offer a humanising “re-vision” (Rich 1979, 35) of Death by replacing the legendary figure of the Grim Reaper with an elderly black beggar woman, a “rubbish collector” who “collect[s] spirits up and carr[ies] burdens away” (152). In this unlikely friendship story, ghost-writing is akin to being “the listener, the messenger, the passenger” (74): the book revives the tradition of oral tales by turning transmission into an act of care. This paper thus aims to investigate the paradoxical ways in which the passing down of Death’s tales forms a chain of consolation for characters and readers alike.
Circularity and Circulation in Peter Ackroyd’s Life Narratives: Chatterton, English Music and The House of Doctor Dee
Authors: Lefebvre Lise
Published: May 2024

Through the rewriting of the lives of famous past British writers (or characters), contemporary author Peter Ackroyd’s works explore fictional elements while preserving a high level of referential accuracy. This implies a form of circularity as past texts are used again in the present providing access to the British literary canon. The past leaves a mark in and on the present that is permanent—as it keeps coming back, it almost becomes circular. This disruption of time is a key characteristic of the mode of the romance. The inheritance and re-enactment of the past call for circularity while the mode of the romance entitles an old literary mode to be used in modern times. Moreover, Ackroyd only writes about vulnerable people enabling the reader to open to the ethical dimension of the notion. Vulnerability calls for circularity through the characters’ going backwards owing to traumatic temporality as well as circulation—conveying the characters’ affects and the ethical dimension of the notion.
Participer et Surveiller. La vigilance de quartier en France
Authors: Durand Paul , Guérin-Turcq Arthur
Published: May 2024

La vigilance de quartier se développe et s’institutionnalise en France à travers deux dispositifs, l’un privé « Voisins vigilants », l’autre public « Participation citoyenne ». Ces réseaux empruntent le même éthos sécuritaire que les membres des Neighborhood Watches aux Etats-Unis. L’article fait un état des lieux des enquêtes empiriques en sciences sociales sur les réseaux de vigilance en France et présente les différentes théories mobilisées par les chercheurs dans leur analyse. Le mouvement sécuritaire à l’œuvre dans la société française saisit en majorité les classes moyennes et les populations aisées des territoires urbains et périurbains. Un travail de distinction est fait entre l’étude des incivilités comptabilisées, du sentiment d’insécurité, des politiques publiques et citoyennes mises en place pour y répondre et des formes d’engagement dans de tels dispositifs. À travers cet état de la littérature scientifique, se dresse le portrait de communautés contrastées, demandeuses de contribuer à la vie sociale et politique de la cité, et en même temps, gagnées par des sentiments de repli sur soi et de peur de l’étranger.
Reading Spykman in Beijing
Authors: Astarita Claudia , Marconi Matteo
Published: May 2024

Cet article teste la pertinence de la théorie du Rimland de Nicholas J. Spykman pour expliquer la logique de l’initiative chinoise de la Ceinture et de la Route (Belt and Road Initiative, BRI). Ce test apparait comme particulièrement approprié puisque la BRI s’étend sur le tracé géographique du Rimland. Une critique de la théorie du Rimland soulignant l’importance de mélanger des éléments réalistes et culturels est proposée pour expliquer dans quelle mesure ce cadre datant des années 1930 et 1940 peut élucider la posture stratégique de l’initiative chinoise. L’article utilise le cadre théorique de Spykman pour illustrer l’attitude de la Chine dans la région ainsi que ses ambitions potentielles de domination. Il élucide également les tendances déclenchées par la force centrifuge et centripète exercée par la Chine en tant que puissance émergente, en supposant l’impossibilité par les autres puissances régionales d’ignorer ces changements, ainsi que les nouvelles formes d’endiguement et d’alignement en train de se matérialiser dans la zone. D’un point de vue méthodologique, l’article s’appuie sur la littérature existante sur la BRI, en prenant en considération les auteurs chinois et non chinois afin d’identifier les forces et les faiblesses des deux approches. L’analyse montre jusqu’à quel point le paradigme Spykmanien permet de comprendre la logique et la dynamique de la BRI, ainsi que les limites liées à l’utilisation de la géopolitique classique pour comprendre la Chine.
An Exploratory Study on the Application of Blockchain Technology to the Chinese Ship Auction Market
Authors: Peng Chen , Alatas Bilal
Published: May 2024

The Chinese ship trading market has undergone remarkable development, transitioning into a global exemplar of ship transactions. Nevertheless, this market continues to confront a series of challenges, encompassing low transaction rates, delayed transaction values, and market instability. Blockchain, with its secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant technological features, presents a potential solution for the ship trading market. Through its decentralized architecture, blockchain technology can reduce platform operational costs, enhancing market competitiveness. Concurrently, the utilization of asymmetric encryption technology can enhance the security of platform data, effectively addressing privacy concerns. Furthermore, through a sharing mechanism, blockchain can aid in establishing a unified credit evaluation system, thereby increasing market trust to address the absence of a credit evaluation system. Moreover, blockchain technology can be employed to construct a risk identification mechanism, fortifying the platform's regulatory model to address regulatory deficiencies.
TAMZHI: Shorthand Romanized Tamil to Tamil Reverse Transliteration Using Novel Hybrid Approach
Authors: Herath H. M. Anuja Dilrukshi , Sumanathilaka T. G. Deshan K.
Published: May 2024

Transliteration from Tamil to the Roman script holds a crucial place in the realms of effective communication, educational accessibility, and the seamless integration of digital technology. However, this process encounters a significant challenge due to the disparity in the number of vowels between the Tamil script, which encompasses a rich set of 12 vowels, and the Roman script, which is limited to just 5. This incongruity poses a substantial impediment when attempting ad-hoc transliteration of Tamil into the Roman script, especially when vowels are omitted. This paper aims to make a significant academic contribution by conducting an extensive literature review of recent developments in Romanized Tamil to Tamil transliteration, with a particular focus on addressing the absence of vowels. The review involves a meticulous examination of a wide array of methodologies proposed in recent years, ranging from rule-based systems to context-based strategies and machine learning-based approaches. In response to the challenges inherent in Tamil to Roman transliteration, this research work introduces a novel and innovative solution. This solution incorporates a Reverse Transliteration module, which leverages N-gram analysis and a rule-based model. The utilization of a trained trie structure is a key component of this approach, enabling word suggestions that effectively resolve ambiguities during the transliteration process. Remarkably, the proposed solution outperforms existing character-level transliteration methods, achieving an impressive character-level accuracy rate of 0.93. The practical implications of this research are substantial, particularly concerning the fulfilment of the linguistic and transliteration needs of native Tamil speakers within the digital platform, where such accuracy is of utmost importance.
Problemi psicologico-relazionali nella terapia delle ulcere degli arti inferiori: domande e risposte
Authors: Garavello Alberto , Caudullo Orazio , Fiamma Paola , Oliva Enrico , Oliva Ginevra
Published: May 2024

Il trattamento dell’ulcera varicosa comporta non solo la terapia locale, ma anche l’interazione con il paziente, le problematiche psicologiche legate alla malattia e le sue limitazioni. Conoscerle ed affrontarle può fare la differenza tra guarigione e fallimento terapeutico. Abbiamo condotto una revisione della letteratura sull’argomento dal 2013 al 2023 utilizzando parole chiave “ulcera venosa”, “psicologia”, “qualità di vita” e “sintomi”; abbiamo selezionato 33 lavori che soddisfacevano i criteri di ricerca. L’impatto fisico e psicologico dell’ulcera hanno dimostrato un’influenza importante sulla qualità di vita dei pazienti; il dolore e la depressione sono risultati i fattori predominanti, il rapporto con il medico, la nurse e l’attivazione del “counseling” sono fondamentali nell’ambito del trattamento. Comprendere le difficoltà psicologiche del paziente, assumere un corretto approccio nei confronti dei famigliari e del personale di supporto appaiono come fattori chiave per il trattamento e l’aderenza alla terapia.
ROLE OF TRYPTOPHANYL RESIDUES IN DRIVING MYOGLOBIN FOLDING
Authors: Sirangelo I. , Casillo M. , Malmo C. , Irace G.
Published: May 2024

The detailed mechanism by which the primary sequence of a protein encodes its tertiary structure, and by which a protein spontaneously acquires its native fold, is still unclear. Myoglobin provides a good versatile system to investigate the factors that govern the rate and mechanism of protein folding. At neutral pH, myoglobin has a well-defined globular structure, comprising eight helical segments (A-H) packed to form a compact hydrophobic core where the heme group is bound (1,2). […]
METHYLEUGENOL AND EUGENOL VARIATION IN OCIMUM BASILICUM CV. GENOVESE GIGANTE GROWN IN GREENHOUSE AND IN VITRO
Authors: MIELE M. , LEDDA B. , FALUGI C. , MAZZEI M.
Published: May 2024

The Ocimum genus, collectively called basil, is an important member of the Lamiaceae family. Ocimum includes more than 100 species of herbs and shrubs from the tropical region of Asia, Africa and Central South America. Sweet basil, O. basilicum, is a common herb cultivated for culinary purposes as fresh, dried or processed. [...]
Vitamin D in defense against the terrorism of coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Bhagat Trpta S. , Sharma Bhumija , Kumar Pradeep
Published: May 2024

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was also spread during winter time in December from Wuhan the city of China to worldwide. Various studies conducted throughout the world have indicated the possible relationship between Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection.

Aim:

This narrative review is designed to support Vitamin D role and its efficacy in managing COVID-19 menace.

Materials and Methods:

Latest 50 articles for Vitamin D, and COVID-19 relationship and management were scrutinized to summarize this article from data bases of PubMed and Google scholar in English language. Diagrams were created by biorender.com to summarize pictorial relations.

Conclusions:

Higher mortality is associated with countries of high-level Vitamin D deficiencies. Many studies have found a significant relation between Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 complications and related comorbidities. It is highly supported by many literature to recommend daily dose of Vitamin D3 10,000 IU/day for a few weeks to rapidly increase 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels above 40–60 ng/mL, in population at higher risk.
Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice
Authors: Araújo Lucelina S. , Silva Bruno B. , Santos Eduarda N. F. N. , Bezerra Arnaldo S. , Frota Samuel S. , Montenegro Assis R. , Florean Eridan O. P. T. , van Tilburg Maurício F. , Guedes Maria Izabel F.
Published: May 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen ofLeishmania infantum,and a purified antigen.

Methods:

Mice were subjected to the following treatments: (1) Purified recombinant K39 (rK39) protein at a 20 μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant; (2) InactivatedEscherichia coli(BL21 DE3) carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200 μg; (3) Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein; (4) Non-immunized control animals. Serological monitoring was performed. All groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 107Leishmania infantumpromastigotes. After euthanasia, the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNF, IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, and IL-10.

Results:

Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen ofLeishmania infantumshowed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant proteins. The IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin; however, the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type response.

Conclusions:

The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen, as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice, predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.
Assessment of Quality of Life in Childhood Asthma
Authors: Savdahiya Divyesh , Singh Jagdish , Agarwal Neha , Athwani Vivek , Gothwal Sunil
Published: May 2024

Context:

Childhood asthma is common and affects quality of life (QOL).

Aim:

The aim is to compare the QOL using pediatric asthma QOL questionnaire with standardized activities (PAQLQ [S]) before and after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment in children with asthma.

Settings and Design:

This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics at a tertiary care center in North India from January 2019 to December 2019.

Subjects and Methods:

Children aged 7–17 years with asthma were subjected to PAQLQ (S) before and after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment. Subgroup analysis was done as per severity of asthma at presentation and control of asthma after 4 weeks' treatment.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

One hundred asthmatic children (mean age10.94 ± 1.9, M:F = 64:36) were evaluated. All 3 domains (activity limitation, symptoms, and emotion) of QOL affected equally and all domains had shown significant improvement after 4 weeks of standard asthma treatment. Children with severe asthma had activity limitation (P = 0.073) and no improvement in emotional score (P = 0.057). Children with uncontrolled asthma showed deterioration in QOL (P = 0.50). There was no difference in QOL among urban and rural residing children, family history of asthma/allergy, and socioeconomic status of parents (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Strategic asthma management in children improved symptoms, activity limitations, and emotional domains of QOL while, children with uncontrolled asthma showed deterioration in QOL.
Cerebral Hemiatrophy
Authors: Rafiq Suhail , Dar Musaib Ahmad , Ashraf Obaid , Ellahi Inayat
Published: May 2024

Pediatric cerebral hemiatrophy is a rare entity with widespread etiology. Imaging in form of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in differentiating between the etiologies of hemiatrophy. We describe imaging findings in three different cases of hemiatrophy due to Sturge-Weber syndrome, Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome, and Rasmussen encephalitis.
The Effect of Gender, Work Experience, Age, and Job Stress on the Errors' Number and Work Speed in Laboratory Employees
Authors: Amini Zahra , Habibi Ehsanollah , Asady Hadi , Gholamian Javad , Dabaghi Elahe
Published: May 2024

Aim:

A high error rate among laboratory staff leads to accidents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gender, work experience, age, and job stress on the number of errors and work speed in laboratory employees.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed on 32 laboratory staff via census method. The instruments used in this study were the General Health Questionnaire Mental Health Questionnaire, demographic questionnaire capturing age, gender, work experience, and level of education, and Health and Safety Executive Job Stress Questionnaire in England. A precision targeting vibrometer was used to measure the speed and number of errors. Independent t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test as well as Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the relationship between the parameters using SPSS software version 26.

Results:

The mean and standard deviation of age, work experience, and job stress were 43.56 ± 7.80 years, 205.68 ± 107.43 months, and 132.59 ± 12.55, respectively. Furthermore, the mean and standard deviation of the number of errors and work speed were 4.90 ± 4.09 and 14.27 ± 5.84, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between age and the number of errors.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that gender, work experience, and job stress do not affect the number of errors and work speed in laboratory staff, but age affects the number of errors in employees, and the number of errors increases with age. Explaining the factors affecting the accuracy and speed of staff in the laboratory can lead to use of appropriate manpower and ultimately enhance productivity and reduce accidents in laboratories.
The Effect of Low Back Pain on Functional Disability and Work Limitation in Iranian Nurses Working in Hospital
Authors: Poorhaji Nafise , Habibi Ehsanollah , Pourabdian Siamak , Yadegarfar Ghasem
Published: May 2024

Aim:

Today, low back pain (LBP) is one of the major challenges among occupational health professionals in various jobs. The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between work limitation and functional disability with LBP in Iranian nurses.

Materials and Methods:

Overall, 400 subjects were examined systematic random sampling in this cross-sectional-comparative study. Participants were divided into the case (195 persons with LBP) and control (205 persons without LBP) groups. Data were collected using a comprehensive questionnaire including demographic information form, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, and Work Limitation Questionnaire. The collected data analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20.

Results:

Findings showed that age, marital status, and family history were significantly associated with LBP (P < 0.001). The most common cause of back pain among nurses was work-related LBP (56.9%) and genetics (heredity) (30.2%). Furthermore, the mean score of functional disability and work limitation in the case group was higher than the control group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Although, based on statistical analyzes, the frequency distribution and mean score of functional disability, work limitation, and all subscales in the group with LBP were higher than the group without LBP, it seems that back pain does not put nurses in working functional disruptive conditions.
Scoping Review of Dubious Journey of Flourosis in India: The Situation Analysis in Telangana and the Encounter so Far
Authors: Agarwal Neeraj , Panda Meely , Bhatia Vikas
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to do a situation analysis of Telangana and systematically map the research done in the area of fluorosis and its health risks. Identify existing gaps in the available literature and unsheathe the challenges and threats in the progress so far among the people living in fluorine-contaminated zones in India. After weighing our research question, we adopted an iterative process for our search strategy by including electronic databases. A quality check was performed and guided as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses–scoping review (SCR) for SCRs which included details of the study type, setting, bias, funding, etc. It was found that out of the 15 studies summed up, most of them (>95%) had been conducted in South India. Nearly 27% of the studies were trials or experimental studies, 20% were studies involving groundwater sample testing, and few were in vitro studies. Nearly 26% were conducted on animals to see for interventions. With a total of 12,382 habitat affections, we found that Rajasthan had the highest fluoride habitation. There was a need to focus more on the seemingly less important. Many programs in India focus on risk assessment and healthy behavior. Although population affection as depicted by the Indian data statistics from the department of drinking water and sanitation show values as low as 0.01% affection for a few endemic states, they scale up to include and paralyze the lives of a lot many people in the 1.3 billion nations. At a cost, where these lives can be saved from living in suffering, what we need is mere pro-activeness, being responsible, integrating methods to tackle, using local methods to prevent, adequate nutrition, and rehabilitation.
Investigating the Effect of Luminosity and Color Temperature of Light Sources on the Extent of Mental and Visual Fatigue Under Experimental Conditions
Authors: Khajeh Zahra , Dehghan Habibollah , Habibi Ehsanollah , Firoozjaei Mohsen Gorgani
Published: May 2024

Aim:

Undesirable lighting can affect the visual system, as well as mental, neuropsychological, and physiological efficiency of staff. The present study was done to determine the effect of luminosity and nominal correlated color temperature (NCCT) on the extent of mental and visual fatigue under experimental conditions among students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods:

This experimental study was done in summer 2022 on 12 students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. To measure the mental fatigue, flicker fusion method, while for visual fatigue, Rajabi questionnaire was used. In this study, two lamps with NCCT 3000 K and 6000 K were used at three angles 15°, 30°, 45°.

Results:

The mean age of the subjects was 20.91 years. At both NCCT 6000 K and 3000 K, the maximum and minimum extent of visual fatigue occurred at angles 15° and 45°, while the maximum and minimum mental fatigue score happened at 45° and 15°, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of mental fatigue (P < 0.001) and visual fatigue (P < 0.001) between 60000K and 300000K at 0.01 level.

Conclusion:

The NCCT and angle of the light source position can contribute to the development of mental and visual fatigue. Once the angle of radiation increased, the extent of mental and visual fatigue diminished. The extent of mental fatigue, as with visual fatigue, was greater at 3000 K compared to 6000 K.
Association between Arsenic Concentration of Groundwater and Mortality from Leukemia and Urological Cancers in the Northwest of Iran
Authors: Rahmani Alireza , Khamutian Samira , Doosti-Irani Amin , Shokoohizadeh Mohammad Javad , Razdari Roya Ahmaddoost , Niksiar Sharareh
Published: May 2024

Aim:

The present study aims to determine the relationship between arsenic (As) concentration in groundwater and mortality rates due to urological and leukemia malignancies in Hamadan, as a hotspot of As concentration.

Materials and Methods:

The inverse distance weighting method in ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to show spatial patterns of As concentration. A total of 370 samples of tap water from urban and rural areas in all nine countries of the Hamadan province were collected by grab method. Poisson regression analysis was performed for comparing Kabudarahang region (As exposed) with the rest of the countries in Hamadan province during 2016–2020, for leukemia (ICD-10 code C90-95), bladder (ICD-10 code C67-67.9), and kidney (ICD-10, code C64-65) cancers.

Results:

Regarding leukemia, both Poisson regression and dose-response analysis supported an association between As concentration in drinking water and the risk of death. However, based on Poisson regression, no statistically significant association was observed for As levels and the mortality rates due to bladder and kidney cancers. In the linear regression fitting, for each unit increase of As concentration in groundwater, the mortality rates of leukemia increased by an average of 0.33 (P = 0.03), and according to the Poisson regression, leukemia mortality was elevated for Kabudarahang region comparing with the rest of the Hamadan province (relative risk = 1.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–2.92, P = 0.003).

Conclusion:

Therefore, due to the toxic and carcinogenic properties of As species, to reduce the related health risks, some managing programs, including screening, community education, and intervention, should be developed in the As-contaminated areas.
Prediction the Performance of Full Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant with A-B Process Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Mohammadi Farzaneh , Yavari Zeynab , Mohammadi Farideh , Rahimi Somaye
Published: May 2024

Aim:

A reliable model for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is essential to provide a tool for predicting their performance and to form a basis for controlling the operation of the process also; this would minimize the operation costs. In recent years, computer-based methods have been applied to many areas of environmental issues. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithm (GA) techniques could be applied for modeling WWTP processes, owing to their high accuracy, adequacy, and quite promising applications in engineering.

Materials and Methods:

This study applied multilayer feed forward back propagation neural network and GA to predict and optimize the performance of the second phase of the Isfahan North WWTP. Experimental results, which demonstrated the performance of the plant over 6 years were applied for modeling.

Results:

A three-layer neural network was developed as a predictive model and the network was trained with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and total phosphorus (TP) were introduced as the model input and output. Neural network performance was evaluated with correlation coefficient ® and least mean square error. Proposed model demonstrated the high consistency of the results of modeling and experiments. GA achieved the best value of input parameters as 324.36, 457.37, 359.11, 60.09, and 14.15 mg/l for BOD, COD, TSS, TKN, TP, respectively.

Conclusion:

ANN and GA combination provides powerful analysis tool for modeling and optimization of nonlinear relationships between the parameters in WWTPs and could be used for proper design and operation of the WWTPs.
Therapeutic Role of Sargassum vulgare with Nano Zinc Oxide against Gamma-radiation-induced Oxidative Stress in Rats
Authors: Abdel-Alim Mohamed Ebrahim , Moussa H.R. , El-Saied Fathy A. , Obada Manar , Hashim Manar A. , Salim Nesrein Saad
Published: May 2024

Aim:

For more effective therapy and accurate diagnostic instruments and devices, it is crucial to develop novel nanomaterials with excellent biological performance and low toxicity. Due to their outstanding biocompatibility, feasibility, little environmental impact, affordability, and low toxicity, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as one of the most widely used metal oxide NPs in biological applications. One of the many multifunctional inorganic NPs is ZnO, which has been produced using an easy, environmental-friendly process. ZnO NPs have emerged a promising potential in biomedicine, especially in the fields of anticancer and antibacterial fields, which are involved with their potent ability to trigger excess reactive oxygen species production, release zinc ions, and induce cell apoptosis.

Materials and Methods:

Several methods were used to explore the physicochemical properties of ZnO NPs. By using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, and scanning electron microscope (SEM), a sample's chemical and elemental composition, crystalline structure, optical properties, and surface appearance have all been studied. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is the main technique for characterizing ZnO NPs.

Results:

A heterogeneous surface form for extremely pure, completely crystalline, and photoactive ZnO NPs was produced. Radiation affects living cells and has an effect on all biological processes in the human body, causing living cells to be damaged. As a result, there is a great deal of interest in developing antioxidant bio-drugs based on Sargassum vulgare and ZnO NPs to protect radiotherapy patients and specialists from the dangers of γ-radiation. A major genus of brown marine algae, S. vulgare, is found along the Mediterranean and red sea coasts and is a member of the Sargassaceae family. S. vulgare methanolic extract (4 g/kg b.wt) and ZnO NPs (10 μM) were given intraperitoneally twice weekly for 6 weeks to rats that had previously received a single dose of γ-radiation (6 Gy) after 1 week of the experiment. There were five groups of rats (15 rats each).

Conclusions:

This cosmopolitan seaweed is known for valuable nutraceutical benefits but has not yet been researched in this regard. As a result, the current study was designed to assess the feasibility and in vivo potential activity of S. vulgare methanolic extract as a functional food supplement with ZnO NPs in alleviating γ-radiation-associated oxidative damage and toxic symptoms. Based on the findings, S. vulgare with ZnO NPs could be used as a therapeutic medication during radiotherapy to reduce the oxidative stress, toxicity, and damage caused by γ-radiation.
An Analytical Model for Point Source Pollutants in an Urban Area with Mesoscale and Removal Mechanisms
Authors: Latha R. , Lakshminarayanachari K. , Bhaskar C.
Published: May 2024

Aim:

Urbanization, rapid industrialization, and related anthropogenic activities are the main reasons for air pollutant emissions and poor air quality. Continued deterioration of air quality in urban areas requires effective measures to control air pollution. The purpose of developing a model is for a better understanding the physical, chemical, and dynamic properties of air pollution and meteorology.

Materials and Methods:

In this work, an analytical approach has been used to analyze the diffusion of air pollutants emitted from point sources is presented. This article reports the method of solving three-dimensional atmospheric diffusion equation using the Fourier transform technique, variable separable method, and series solution to obtain analytical solution.

Results:

The present work focuses on the effect of dry deposition and wet deposition on the concentration of primary impurities. The concentration of primary impurities decreases when the removal rate of dry and wet deposition increases with respect to height and distance.

Conclusion:

The focus of this research article is to learn the effects of removal mechanisms such as dry and wet deposition of primary pollutants. It is found that the contaminant concentrations are close to point sources and gradually decrease toward nonsource areas due to diffusion and removal mechanisms in an urban area.
Design and Optimization of a Shield for Am-Be Source to Reduce Radiation Hazards Using MCNPX Code
Authors: Nasrabadi Mohsen Nasri , Forouharmajd Farhad , Nasrabadi Mehdi Nasri
Published: May 2024

Aim:

Protection against nuclear radiation is one of the most important issues in nuclear technology and industries that use this technology. Among the types of radiation emitted from radioactive sources, neutron and gamma rays are among the most dangerous radiations due to lack of electrical charge and serious damage to living tissues. The principal challenge in radiation protection is the proper design of a shield against neutron and gamma radiations. Hence, this study has investigated the improvement of the protection against these radiations.

Materials and Methods:

This study is of applied-developmental and quantitative type. Calculations have been performed using the MCNPX code in this study, which is one of the strongest nuclear calculation codes. The data were analyzed using quantitative statistics and ORIGIN software (OriginLab company, 1992, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA).

Results:

Based on the results, utilizing the spherical geometry had a better performance to increase the neutron fluxes in comparison with the cylindrical and cubic geometries. Moreover, polyethylene with high density was selected as the best moderator. Ultimately, it was dealt with the comparison and selection of the best protection to minimize the produced gamma rays due to the absorption of neutrons in different materials used by the source and neutrons that run away from the outer surface of the source configuration.

Conclusion:

Using the composite sphere of paraffin and polyethylene with high density up to a radius of 12 cm and tungsten with a thickness of 1 cm was suggested as the final configuration for the aim of this study. In comparison to the no-protection mode, this protection is effective to 74% in reducing the neuron dosage and 55% in reducing the primary gamma-ray, while the mentioned protection is about 72%–73% effective in reducing the general dose.
Recasting Biomedical Waste Management Strategies during COVID-19 Pandemic in Dental Practice
Authors: Rohatgi Lavanya , Gupta Ritu , Varshney Shivangi , Puri Nidhi , Arora Vikram , Sharma Anubhav
Published: May 2024

A rise in the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increase in biomedical waste (BMW) all over the globe that leads to the perilous situation. Hence, this review has made an attempt to gather all the guidelines for appropriate BMW management in dental practice during COVID-19 pandemic. The keywords such as Biomedical waste management guidelines, COVID-19, dental waste management, and India were used in the literature search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar along with the various guidelines provided by international, national agencies and verified government websites with a focus on the BMW management in dentistry during COVID-19. The result enumerated that Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016, categorizes the bio-medical waste generated from the health-care facility into four categories based on the segregation pathway and color code. These guidelines were reshaped in 2018, 2019, and in 2020 for COVID-19 pandemic. Collection and segregation of biomedical waste separately before handling it to the Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility was highly recommended that should be labeled with “COVID-19” both in medical and dental waste management guidelines. This review revealed that BMW management guidelines should be followed by all the health-care fraternities including oral health professionals as they are at a heightened risk of COVID-19, it is vital that they are informed of the most up-to-date protocols for BMW disposal in this pandemic.