bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Social Media (YouTube and Snapchat) in Enhancing Saudi EFL Learners' Listening Comprehension Skills
Authors: Harbi Wed Nasser Al
Published: January 2021

Despite of the importance of listening in EFL learning and teaching, this skill is not getting as much attention as other skills. Therefore, learners are less motivated to depend on their listening comprehension as a tool to help them in the process of language learning. Social media, especially YouTube and Snapchat, can be effectively used as a pedagogical tool to enhance the listening skills of EFL learners, compared with other traditional audio recording tools. The objective of this research is to investigate the role of social media (YouTube and snapchat) as a method of teaching, in order to enhance EFL Saudi learners' listening comprehension skills. The primary goal of this study is to know whether social media is capable of developing EFL listening comprehension skills, and gaining the deeper understanding of the presented materials. In addition, using these tools makes them familiar with the target language culture and it's native speakers. In order to achieve this objective; the researcher used a mixed method to ensure the research validity: a questionnaire and a post-test.The participants of the study were 50 female students studying in English Language Centre at Taif University. They were randomly selected and they divided into two groups: the experiment group consisted of 20 female students and the control group consisted of 30 female students. The experiment group was instructed using (YouTube and Snapchat) as the control group using traditional audio method. Then there is a post-test is given to both groups to measure their listening comprehension performance. The findings of the study showed that using social media (YouTube and Snapchat) can enhance the listening skill of Saudi EFL leaners. The researcher recommends conducting more studies on other samples from different studies, age levels and from different environments like the schools or training institutes.
Religious Expressions as Situation Bound Rituals in Iraqi Computer-Mediated Communication
Authors: Alsabbah Rasha A. Saeed
Published: January 2021

This study aims at exploring the linguistic habits of Iraqi Arab speakers and the situations wherein Iraqis invoke religion and the lexicon of Allah in their daily online communication. Throughout this work, it was sought to answer the question whether the religious belief of Iraqis is reflected in online chats Iraqi by involving situation-bound rituals in their CMC and the functions these expressions fulfil in this communication. Although computer-mediated communication lacks nonverbal behaviour and prosodic features support the speakers’ polite intention, many researchers assert that there are many resources whereby individuals can resort to in demonstrating their solidarity. The Methods is based on examining synchronic messages exchanged on WhatsApp and Viber in four groups with the participation of 99 participants in total whose age ranged from 15 to 70 years old, with different educational qualifications and religious orientations. Social distance between the participants varied from intimate to neutral, and large. Likewise, social rank ranged from equal footing to low-high relationships and high-low relationships. The setting involved different occasions such as congratulations, greetings, farewell, thanking, offering condolences as well as receiving bad news. The findings of this research have shown that Iraqi Arabic speakers incline to enhance the politeness of their message by involving religious vocabularies that take mostly the form of supplication. Besides, the religious lexicon stands as a form of etiquette that promotes the speakers’ and the addressee’s faces. FIt is hoped that this work would lead to further studies related to religious expressions across computer mediated communication.p
Standardization of EFL Undergraduate Skill Exam Papers: A Case Study at Majmaah University
Authors: Abahussain Majed O. , Iqbal Muhammad , Khan Imran
Published: January 2021

Designing standardized exams for EFL undergraduates is a matter of great concern in pedagogical practices that assess learners’ academic achievements. This case study was conducted at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia, to explore the significance of educational exam standardization and its impact on the process of implementation, leading to a balanced and equitable assessment of English language skills. During the study, 250 final English skill exam questions of two semesters were analyzed. A mixed-method approach using a questionnaire and Focused Group Discussion was adopted to collect relevant data. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 16, and the qualitative data was processed by thematic analysis. The quantitative data results showed that questions were balanced, valid, and reliable in language skill exam papers designed for undergraduate English students. The qualitative data revealed four major themes – standardization of questions, the efficacy of Bloom’s taxonomy, assessment/evaluation, and alignment of the question with learning outcomes. These emerging themes highlighted the effectivness of standardizing exam papers, identified problems, and suggested ways of improvement. The study indicates that exams must be scrutinized for the sake of standardization in terms of maximum course coverage; the variety in the question item; clear, concise, and precise instructions; validity and reliability of exam papers; and the alignment of questions with the course and program learning outcomes to ensure the implementation of the revised Bloom’s taxonomy. The study suggests, to generalize the results, that further investigation should be done in another Saudi university for the sake of comparison.
Needs and Obstacles of Using the Internet in Language Teaching from Instructors’ Perspective; the case of the department of English at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
Authors: Freihat Nasser Mohamamd
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the instructors’ perceived obstacles and needs in using the Internet for teaching English. Eighty-one instructors in the Department of English at Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) participated in the study. This study provides data related to the teachers' perceptions concerning Internet use, areas and barriers in language teaching. The study aimed to answer two research questions. Namely, what are the perceived obstacles to implementing Internet-based English as a foreign language teaching (EFL) teaching from the viewpoint of English Department instructors at IMSIU? And what are IMSIU English Department’s instructors’ perceived needs for training in using the Internet for language teaching? A survey and a semi-structured interview were used to collect the data. The survey involved three sections; the first section enquired about whether participants’ need training on using the Internet in language teaching, the second section investigated the areas of potential training, and the last section investigated participants’ barriers in incorporating the Internet in language instruction. The interviews involved three questions for further understanding. The findings showed that the perceived obstacles include cheating in online exams, lack of knowledge in using some applications, restricted time of some applications, and making online exams. The instructors demonstrated their eagerness to training. They also perceived presentation software, creating online exams, creating teaching materials, Videoconferencing, and teaching techniques, online classroom management, managing data sources, online assessment and evaluation, and basic knowledge of using technology as very necessary. The paper recommends designing a training course that considers the obstacles and needs suggested by the EFL instructors.
THE USE OF THINK-ALOUD STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION: A STUDY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS dalam Prosiding Konferensi Linguistik Tahunan Atma Jaya 15
Authors: ekauliyantiputri
Published: January 2021

The study aims at investigating the use of think-aloud strategy on eleventh grade students in senior high school. The students are randomly assign to two groups: students in experimental group use think-aloud strategy as their reading strategies in narrative and informative English texts; whereas, students in the control group use regular reading intruction. It is expected that eleventh grade studens in senior high school who apply think-aloud strategy show better reading comprehension than students who do not apply the same strategy. The total of sample in this study are 20 students in the second semester. The study uses experimental as the research approach. The researcher employs pre-test , post test. The tests are made based on a chart that explains the types of comprehension questions developed by Day and Park (2005) which is related to the effort in improving the student’ reading comprehension. The researcher finds that there is a significant relationship between the use of think aloud and overall reading comprehension, inference, prediction, evaluation and personal response comprehension. In addition, the result of the analysis of the pre and post-test scores shows that there is a significant improvement in the students post-test scores in comparison with pre-test scores.
Pfandleiher in Deutschland. Erzählte Identität
Authors: Beckmann Dennis
Published: January 2021

Wer mehr Geld benötigt, als er besitzt, hinterlegt ein Pfand und erhält dafür ein Darlehen. So funktionierte Kredit für Jahrhunderte – in allen sozialen Schichten. Im 20. Jahrhundert entwickelte sich der Pfandkredit in Deutschland zu einem Nischengewerbe. Die meisten kennen Pfandleiher nur aus erfundenen Geschichten. Dort werden sie oft als unsympathische Ausbeuter dargestellt. Ihre Kunden sind Kriminelle, Arme und Ausgestoßene. „Pfandleiher in Deutschland“ rückt 16 Menschen in den Fokus, die diesen Beruf wirklich ausüben. Ihre Erzählungen handeln von einer vielfältigen Branche, von skurrilen Erlebnissen und der ganz persönlichen Identifikation mit einem Beruf, der noch heute stigmatisiert ist.
Laparoscopic management of Hepatic cystic echinococcosis in Nepal: A single center experience
Authors: Koirala Rabin , Rajbhandari Ashish P. , Maharjan Shailesh , Adhikari Sashi Shekhar
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Advances in laparoscopy has replaced many conventional open surgeries; hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) surgery is no exception. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, postoperative outcomes including complications and recurrence rates after employing laparoscopic treatment for hepatic CE.

Methods: This is a prospective study involving patients who underwent laparoscopic intervention for Hepatic CE at Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 1st July 2014 to 30th June 2019. Laparoscopic partial pericystectomy was done through the Palanivelu hydatid system and technique after pretreatment with albendazole (10mg/kg) for at least one week. Clavien-Dindo classification was used to classify postoperative complications.

Results: Twenty-two patients were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 33.95±15.24 (18.0-75.0) years, 15 (68.18%) of them being female. Abdominal pain (77.3%) was the commonest complaint and a single cyst in the right lobe of the liver was the commonest pathology. The mean size of the cyst was 10.2±3.0 (5.0-15.0) cms. 40.9% of the cysts belonged to WHO-IWGE Grade CE3, while grade CE2 and CE1 consisted of 27.3% each. The mean operation time was 80.7 ± 19.7 (60-120) minutes. Out of the 22 patients, six (27.3%) had minor grades while four (18.2%) had major grades of Clavien-Dindo complications. Among the major complications, one (4.5%) patient each developed biliary fistula managed with ERCP and stenting, recurrence after three months, intraoperative bleeding requiring conversion to open surgery, and acute kidney injury managed with dialysis. There was no anaphylaxis or operative mortality.

Conclusion: In selected patients, laparoscopic treatment for hepatic CE is feasible even in a resource-limited country like Nepal. With a low rate of conversion, recurrence and mortality, laparoscopic management can be safe, effective and encouraging treatment modality for the patients of hepatic CE.
Existence and Extremal Solution of Boundary Value Problem for Nonlinear Hybrid Fractional Differential Equation in Banach Algebras
Authors: Karande B.D. , More Pravin M.
Published: January 2021

In this work we study the existence and extremal solution for the boundary value problem of the nonlinear hybrid fractional differential equation by using hybrid fixed point theorem in Banach Algebra due to Dhage’s theorem.
Strategy Analysis of Regional Tourism Development: Case Study of Restaurant in Barru District
Authors: Rita Rita , Arifin Muhammad
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the strategies used in increasing restaurant guest visits in Barru Regency. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the 4P marketing mix strategy (Price, Promotion, Place and position) was applied to the Barru district restaurant to increase guest visits, this proved effective in attracting guests to visit the restaurant. product, price, place, promotion, have shown conformity with the segmentation, targeting and positioning expected by the restaurant. For example, the products offered are varied and use quality raw materials in accordance with the positioning that the company wants to achieve as the only restaurant that uses healthy raw chicken and seafood. Apart from that the price, physical evidence and promotion are also in accordance with the targeting of young people and families, because the prices offered are still quite affordable, the place is also unique and is promoted through online media.
The Effect Of Competence and Independence to Work Effectiveness Of Auditor
Authors: Sulila Ismet
Published: January 2021

The research objective was to find out the influence of competence and independence on the work effectiveness of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province either partially or simultaneously. The approach used in this research was quantitative. The research method used expost facto. The technique of data analysis used multiple regression. The research finding showed that (1) competence of auditor had a positive and significant influence on the work effectiveness of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province by the determinant value of 23,50%. The meaning of the positive coefficient indicated that the higher the competence of auditor, the more effective work result of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province. (2) Independence of auditor had a positive and significant influence on the work effectiveness of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province by determinant value of 56,60%. The meaning of positive coefficient indicated that the more independent of auditor in doing inspection and functional supervision function, the more optimum work effectiveness of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province. (3) The competence and independence of auditor, simultaneously, had a significant influence on the work effectiveness of auditor at Regional Inspectorate of Gorontalo Province by determinant value of 61,70%.
Pelayanan Publik Pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu di Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Subarling Subarling , Pananrangi Andi Rasyid , Bahri Syamsul
Published: January 2021

This article discuss about the level of effectiveness of public services One Stop Investment Service and Integrated Services regarding the management and issuance of Building Permit at Bulukumba Regency. The Office of Investment and Integrated Services (DPMPTSP) with the service unit for the management and issuance of the Buidling Permit is in the category of the most visited by the people in Bulukumba Regency. This condition has an impact on the high frequency of public services that occur in these service units, so it is necessary to know the level of service effectiveness. This study used a survey approach to employees of the Building Permit Service Unit and the community who use the Building Permit service. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used frequency tabulation and a Likert scale as the rating scale. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the level of effectiveness of public services at the Investment and Integrated Services Office is in the 'Good' category or the 'Effective' category. The conclusion of this study is that basically public services at the Investment and Integrated Services Office have been going well and have received a good response from the community who use Building Permit services even though this still requires maximum efforts from the local government of Bulukumba Regency to improve these services.Artikel ini membahas tentang tingkat keefektifan pelayanan publik pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Bulukumba terkait pengurusan dan penerbitan IMB. Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu (DPMPTSP) dengan unit layanan pengurusan dan penerbitan IMB terkategori paling ramai dikunjungi masyarakat. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada tingginya frekuensi layanan publik pada unit layanan tersebut sehingga perlu diketahui tingkat efektifitas pelayanannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survei terhadap pegawai pada Unit Layanan IMB dan masyarakat pengguna layanan IMB tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan tabulasi frekuensi dan Skala Likert sebagai skala penilaian. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektifitas pelayanan publik pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu terkategori ‘Baik’ atau terkategori ‘Efektif’. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pada dasarnya pelayanan publik pada Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu telah berlangsung baik dan mendapat respon yang baik dari masyarakat pengguna jasa pelayanan IMB meskipun hal tersebut masih memerlukan upaya maksimal dari pemda Kabupaten Bulukumba untuk meningkatkan pelayanan tersebut.
FORMATION OF THE INTELLECTUAL ELITE OF THE DIPLOMATIC SERVICE
Authors: Palagusynets Rostyslav
Published: January 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of the intellectual elite of the diplomatic service. The features of the intellectual elite are highlighted. It is determined that the essential qualities of the intellectual elite include the level of education, innovative way of thinking, professional success and recognition, creativity, motivation, etc. The essence of the concept of "intellectual elite of the diplomatic service" from the point of view of stratification, altimetric, axiological and monistic approaches is revealed. The main tasks of the diplomatic service of Ukraine have been clarified. The author's interpretation of the intellectual elite of the diplomatic service is formed. It is determined that the formation of the intellectual elite of the diplomatic service is a purposeful process of creating a personality with predetermined features, which involves actions aimed at its development, and includes its conscious self-development to coordinate the activities of government agencies to ensure a common foreign policy. There are four main factors that influenced the formation of the intellectual elite of the diplomatic service: personnel policy of the Foreign Ministry (MFA), including formal and informal requirements for diplomatic personnel, their selection in accordance with applicable law and internal rules and traditions of the MFA; the level of education and general culture of diplomats; acquisition of professional experience and skills in the process of service; involvement in the corporate values of the diplomatic service: understanding of its content, foreign policy objectives and interests of the country, political culture, patriotic and religious values. It is noted that in the formation of the intellectual elite of the diplomatic service a special place is occupied by university education, as a modern university is not only an educational, but also a scientific and cultural center, which trains intellectuals. It is proved that the rationalization of personnel policy as an innovative direction in the development of Ukraine is a necessary and important condition in the work of the diplomatic service and increase the efficiency of their activities. The directions of realization of innovative personnel policy of diplomatic service for the purpose of modernization of foreign policy activity of Ukraine are offered.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MICROBIOM OF THE NECK REGION OF THE TEETH IN THE EXPERIMENTAL ACTION OF OPIOID, ITS CANCELLATION AND APPLICATION OF CEFTRIAXONE AS A COMPOSITION OF COMPLEX MEDICAL CORRECTION
Authors: Fik V. B.  , Fedechko Y.M.  , Palʹtov Ye. V.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota in the neck part of the teeth in the gingival margin of the oral cavity of rats under experimental opioid exposure, its cancellation and comprehensive drug correction using an antibacterial drug. The use of the antibiotic ceftriaxone under conditions of two- and six-week administration of the opioid analgesic nalbuphine, caused the elimination or reduction of the quantitative composition of opportunistic and pathogenic bacterial species, in contrast to the identified changes in the microbiocenosis in the studied microbiotope. antibiotic therapy in the experiment.
ABOUT FEATURES OF MUTATION APPLICATION IN A MODIFIED OPERATOR GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Leonid Oliinyk  , Stanislav Bazhan
Published: January 2021

Genetic algorithm is a method of optimization based on the concepts of natural selection and genetics. Genetic algorithms are used in software development, in artificial intelligence systems, a wide range of optimization problems and in other fields of knowledge.One of the important issues in the theory of genetic algorithms and their modified versions is the search for the best balance between performance and accuracy. The most difficult in this sense are problems where the fitness function in the search field has many local extremes and one global or several global extremes that coincide.The effectiveness of the genetic algorithm depends on various factors, such as the successful creation of the primary population. Also in the theory of genetic algorithms, recombination methods play an important role to obtain a better population of offspring. The aim of this work is to study some types of mutations using a modified genetic algorithm to find the minimum function of one variable.The article presents the results of research and analysis of the impact of some mutation procedures. Namely, the effect of mutation on the speed of achieving the solution of the problem of finding the global extremum of a function of one variable. For which a modified genetic algorithm is used, where the operators of the "generalized crossover" are stochastic matrices
Foreign economic activity of Ukrainian agrarian enterprises as a factor of accelerating their production modernization and implementing the innovation and investment processes of their development
Authors: Іhnatenko Nikolay
Published: January 2021

The subject of the research is the processes of influencing foreign economic activity on the modernization of production and innovation and investment processes of the development of agricultural enterprises. The purpose of the work to identify and assess the impact of foreign economic activity on the need for modernization and innovation and investment support for the development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine, foreign experience in their implementation and problems that require urgent solutions to improve competitiveness in the European and world agricultural markets. The methodological basis of the article was monographic, historical, system-structural analysis and synthesis, statistical groupings, problem-target. Results of work. The influence of foreign economic activity on the need to modernize agricultural production and accelerate innovation and investment processes in the development of agricultural enterprises is revealed. The experience of organizing innovation and investment activities abroad is presented. The directions of innovation and sources of investment, as well as the forms of their attraction at the level of agricultural enterprises to maintain and increase their competitiveness in the external economic dimension have been determined. The field of application of results. The results can be used by enterprises united by territorial communities, regional and state authorities. Conclusions. The prospects of agricultural enterprises, their foreign economic activity and competitiveness in foreign agricultural markets are associated with the implementation of innovative and innovative investment projects. However, their introduction has not yet become widespread. Summarizing the procedure for their implementation, it is possible to identify the main problems of their implementation at the level of agricultural enterprises. Now it is imperfection and lack of formation of institutional support; a limited list of assets that banks can accept as collateral.
The characteristics of the general modern state of the light industry in Ukraine
Authors: Puzyrova Polina
Published: January 2021

The subject of the research is the theoretical and methodological foundations for determining the current state of the industrial sector of Ukraine, namely, light industry enterprises. The aim of the researchis to study the main indicators of the state of the industrial sector of Ukraine for 2015-first half of 2020. Research methods. When writing the article, general scientific and special methods of studying economic phenomena and processes were used to determine the general current state of the Ukrainian industry. Results of the investigation. In the course of writing the article, it was found that a common problem that for a long time hinders the development of the light industry in Ukraine is a rather old and backward production technology and, as a result, low product quality. The key directions for overcoming this technological backwardness should be the introduction of innovative forms and methods of production, the use of advanced technologies, the development and implementation of innovative programs to support the light industry in general, both at the national and international levels. It should also emphasize the role and necessity of state support, from which everyone benefits, that is, industrial enterprises will be provided with the necessary high-quality resources and technologies, and new jobs, social guarantees for the population will appear in the country, the investment attractiveness of light industry enterprises will improve, and accordingly, it will increase. stakeholder interest in them. Scope of the results. Economy, industrial economics, light industry, enterprise management, enterprise innovative activity, enterprise innovative potential. Conclusions. It has been established that since there are positive aspects in the context of the development of light industry, it can be attributed to one of the most promising industries in Ukraine. It has been proven, according to various experts, that the Ukrainian clothing and footwear market is one of the twenty most developed markets in Ukraine, since our population spends about 25-35% of their monthly income on footwear and clothing, which is higher than in Western Europe. It was determined that the light industry has rather optimistic forecasts for further growth, however, in order to maintain such positions, this industry must continue to move towards increasing government support for the industry by ensuring the formation and placement of government orders and government contracts; development of target programs for the prospective development of new types of raw materials, balanced development of sub-sectors; expansion of our own base of raw materials and resources; improving the mechanism for restoring cooperative ties; formation of their own innovative potential and increase in investment attractiveness through the use of modern methods and forms of scientific and technological progress, the latest technologies.
Features of the Use of Personal Protective Equipment in the Foci of a New Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Kuzin A. A. , Yumanov A. P. , Degtyarev A. A. , Eremin G. G.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. In the context of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, the range of use of personal protective equipment (hereinafter referred to as PPE) is becoming increasingly broad, from emergency and emergency medical teams that go to patients with suspected COVID-19, to specialized covid hospitals. Aim. Identification of features in the operation of PPE in a strict anti-epidemic regime and development of recommendations on the use of PPE to improve the efficiency of medical professionals. Materials and methods. In the period from April to May 2020 in the field hospital of the Association of Alpine shooters at the exhibition centre, FIERA DI BERGAMO Italian Republic (hereinafter - the hospital), 8 medical and nursing teams, each of them included the doctors-epidemiologist, anesthesiologist-resuscitation, general practitioner, and nurse anesthetist (total number 32 professionals) conducted relevant sanitary-antiepidemic (preventive) and treatment-and-prophylactic interventions among patients with clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Conclusion. As a result of using a whole range of disposable PPE of various modifications, the features and disadvantages of their operation in the field were established. The main recommendations for using PPE when working with patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are formulated.
Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens of Generalized Purulent Septic Infections in Children
Authors: Noskova O. A. , Savilov E. D. , Chemezova N. N. , Belkova N. L.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Microbiological monitoring in medical organizations is an essential part of ensuring epidemiological safety in the provision of medical care. The study of the sensitivity of pathogens to antibacterial drugs allows us to reasonably approach the prescription of empirical therapy and form a form of antibacterial agents for medical organization. The purpose of the work was to study the species composition of pathogens of generalized purulent septic infections (GPSI) in a children's multidisciplinary hospital and determine their resistance to antibacterial drugs. Materials and methods. Analysis of microbiological analysis data of material taken from patients with GPSI treated in children's multidisciplinary hospital in the period 2013-2018 was carried out. A total of 572 cultures were studied. Results. It was found that the largest specific gravity in the structure of GPSI was occupied by gram-negative microorganisms, the proportion of which significantly decreased from 73.0% in 2013 to 48.1% in 2018. Gram-positive microorganisms were found in 27.0 ± 8.1% cases, while a significant increase in the proportion of fungi from 5.4 to 30.7% was observed. The antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens has been studied. Among non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria, the highest (p < 0.05) multi-resistivity indicator was found in Acinetobacter baumannii (50.0 ± 6.8%). Enterococcus, having high natural resistance to a number of antibiotic groups, leave the possibility of effective action of the preparation of the group of glycopeptides (vancomycin) against Enterococcus faecium. Conclusions. High pathogens to applied antibacterial preparations is shown. The obtained data make it possible to form an up-to-date form of antimicrobial drugs for use in children's hospitals, to develop measures that inhibit the development of resistance in pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases.
Clinical and Immunological Aspects of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Stoma I. O.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Among the groups at high risk of developing invasive pneumococcal infections, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) stand out among the highest rates of morbidity and mortality due to the presence of profound immunosuppression. Aims: to outline the current state of the problem of vaccine prevention of pneumococcal infection in patients receiving treatment for multiple myeloma, to present the evidence base for vaccination with conjugated pneumococcal vaccine. A continuous data review method was used to evaluate the studies on vaccination approaches against pneumococcal infection in patients with multiple myeloma. Conclusions. The article presents modern epidemiological data, as well as the results of original studies of clinical and immunological aspects of pneumococcal vaccination in patients with MM receiving new targeted agents and immunotherapy. The effectiveness of the use of the conjugated pneumococcal vaccine in patients treated with MM with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and ixazomib was indicated. An independent protective effect of pneumococcal vaccination has been shown as a preventive measure in a cohort of patients with MM, against the background of treatment with new targeted drugs.
Biometric and reproductive characteristics of the King Tiger Plecos Hypancistrus sp. “L-333” (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) endemic to the lower Xingu River (Pará, Brasil)
Authors: Sousa Fabrício Barros de , Beltrão Hélio , Fujimoto Rodrigo Yudi , Souza Raimundo Aderson Lobão de , Lima Severino Adriano de Oliveira , Sousa Raniere Garcez
Published: January 2021

This research analyzed the biometrics and reproductive characteristics of a group of Hypancistrus sp. L-333 (King Tiger Plecos) in order to gather biological information and aid the rearing of the species in captivity, thus supporting its natural conservation. This species has a natural distribution that is restricted to the lower Xingu River, and is currently threatened by the hydroelectric projects in the region. The acquired specimens were measured, weighed and classified according to sex based on morphometric characteristics (evidence of secondary sexual characteristics) that were later confirmed by dissection. A total of 32 individuals, 16 males and 16 females were identified. Although the length-weight ratio did not present significant differences, the results revealed that the species has secondary sexual dimorphism. The odontodes were more developed in the mid-lateral region of the body, post-dorsal region, caudal peduncle and in the first ray (ossified) of the pectoral fin in males. Histological analyses of the gonads confirmed that all of the fish were adult individuals. The diameter of the oocytes ranged from 0.14 to 2.0 mm, presented three distinct modes, and were synchronous in more than two groups, which evidences batch spawning. Fecundity was low, between 35 and 54 oocytes in the largest batch. This information is novel and important for the identification of reproductive groups, and is aimed at breeding in captivity so that these resources can be exploited in a sustainable way, without harming the already threatened natural stocks.
The Role of Statistic Information in the Information Society
Authors: Gerasymenko S. S.
Published: January 2021

The article is dedicated to substantiation of the leading role of the necessity to understand and to apply the main propositions of statistics in scientific society with the aim to ensure its progressive development. In order to substantiate the currency of the solution of this questions there were considered the contradictions occurred in connection with the divergences in understanding the basic concepts, which are very often used by the society, in particular the concert “information”. Very often the concept “data” is replaced by the concept “information” that becomes in many cases the reason for appearance of incorrect terms. It was also noted the insufficient level of statistic competence of the society as to the possible character of any phenomena and processes, in the Universe and in the society, the results of which according to the results of observation, very often become false at all or mistaken conclusions. In particular, using the statistic approach the main conclusions, defined by some scientists-physicists in XX century were considered. It was proved that very often these conclusions were made without taking into account the possible character of all phenomena and processes that take place in the Universe. It’s stressed, that applying the statistic principles as for the collecting the data and creating the useful for making the decision information so for defining the conclusions according to the results of the analysis and prognostication of the phenomena and processes favours the higher of substantiation of managerial decisions. It was pointed to the drawbacks of the set of number, that make the so-called “modern sources of information” – Big Data, Business intelligence, Data mining, Smart-society, in the case of their usage for characterizing the social-economic phenomena and processes. The proposition was made about the necessity to gain the practical knowledge in statistics by all the persons who have to define the conclusions according to the results of observation of the objects and phenomena and also to develop the steps with the aim of their further changes. So while making the prognosis of social-economic phenomena and processes it is obligatory to take into consideration the main regularity of development – cyclicality. There were generalized statistic recommendations as to the forming the statistic information, the application of which will favour to higher the efficiency of the process of creating such information, which in its turn, will become the weighty factor of acceleration of the modern information society.
Organizing Intellectual Competitions of Students in Universities: Forms and Areas for Improvement
Authors: Zaiets S. V. , Yudina S. P.
Published: January 2021

The article outlines the tasks facing higher education institutions in the context of digitalization and acceleration of the knowledge updating process, which are aimed at creating a sustainable system for acquiring competencies, entrepreneurial skills and civic duties among students, teachers and employees.
Performance indicators of all-Ukrainian student Olympiads, All-Ukrainian competitions of research works in Ukraine in 2009–2019 analyzed, to find out the patterns of organization of various intellectual competitions of students and their regional features. The factors contributing in the growth of participation of students from higher education institutions in these events were determined. It is indicated that the share of new organizational forms of Olympiads such as business games, blitz tournaments, solving situational problems, performing essay tasks, practical tours with employers’ support and participation is increasing. The results of a survey of 200 higher education institutions on student participation in international competitions held abroad and their prizes in 2015 and 2019 are presented. The tendencies of student involvement in international competitions abroad, in international, all-Ukrainian conferences, seminars for students and young researchers are outlined.
Areas for improvement of intellectual competitions of students with account to priorities of modernization and technological development of the Ukrainian economy, employer needs and social demands are formulated. It is proposed to introduce comprehensive forms and methods for stimulating students' interest in learning and self-development, obtaining high-quality education through intellectual games such as scholarship, grant or competitive ones. Evidence is given of the need to reform the nomenclature of specialties with highlighting the disciplines or the modules of disciplines in which the following types of all-Ukrainian intellectual competitions of students should be held: subject Olympiads, competitions of student research works, professional competitions.
Vital Problems of the Career Guidance Work in Higher Education Establishments: The Socio-Economic Context
Authors: Cherusheva H. B. , Syniakov А. V.
Published: January 2021

The latest years are marked by the considerably aggravated demographic situation in Ukraine, which enhanced the competition among higher education establishments (HEEs) on the education services market and intensified the vocational guidance work in HEEs among student youth. The vocational guidance work, gaining special significance as early as in times of Ukraine’s transition to the market economy, still remains an important element of the government policy. It helps identify and purposefully develop talents and inclinations of a person, his/her professional and cognitive interests regarding the choice of future specialty, effectively increase his/her social and professional mobility and form his/her needs and willingness to labor activities.
The authors justify the need for essential change in the higher education system of Ukraine. The social background for the professional choice, the dynamics of value orientations and values of student youth, specifics of the vocational guidance work in HEEs are studied by case of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit (NASAA). Details of the system for vocational guidance work in NASAA are given, with formulating its core objectives and outlining the phases and areas of implementation. Results of a survey lead the authors to the conclusion about a gap between the needs of the labor market in highly skilled specialists, on the one hand, and the professional orientations and choices of student youth, on the other, resulting in a higher probability of casual entrances of applicants to HEEs. This gives birth to moral and psychological collisions of the personal nature, with the subsequent dissatisfaction with the chosen profession, staff turnover and migration of young specialists across economic sectors. It is revealed that full-fledged and comprehensive information and education efforts and qualified vocational guidance services on professional choice rendered to student youth can be most effective given the concerted actions of HEEs, schools and other social institutes.  
The authors’ studies allow them to identify problematic points in the vocational guidance work and outline the main areas of further improvements in the vocational guidance.
Documenting the Results of Audit of the Information Disclosed in the Notes to the Financial Reporting Compiled by International Standards
Authors: Lubenchenko О. Е.
Published: January 2021

Financial reporting releases the information requiring disclosure in accordance with national or international accounting and reporting standards. This information is usually released in the notes to the financial reporting, intended for a broader range of users. The notes are the most informative document, by which a user of the reporting can assess the company’s solvency, financial viability or business activity, can be informed about the terms of transactions with related parties, can make assumptions and receive data on management accounting, which are laid as the basis for the management strategy building. The released information is subject to obligatory disclosure, as its content is to be analyzed by national and international regulators and auditors in a way similar to the principal forms of financial reporting. An auditor assesses the received audit evidence in view of its sufficiency and reliability. Results of audit procedures can be summarized and documented. Because the International Standards on Auditing do not provide examples of documenting, the working document “The auditor’s testing of disclosure of the information attached to the financial reporting compiled by IFRS” has been formed, to support the process of documenting audit procedures with respect to the information given in the notes to the financial reporting. Using this working document, an auditor is able to obtain detailed information about a company and indicators of its financial reports, about its items and transactions that, not being subject to recognition in the reporting, are important for the management, about the accounting foundations and the opinions of management on which a company relied in compiling the reports. Depending on the operation specifics of a company, the working document can be supplemented by the following sections: IFRS 5 “Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations”, IFRS 8 “Operational Segments”, IAS 19 “Employee Benefits”, IAS 37 “Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets”, IAS 40 “Investment Property” etc. The test, which is a unified working document, can be used by any audit firm. The auditor’s opinion on the information disclosure in the notes to the financial reporting is vitally important bearing in mind that not all the users of financial reports have deep knowledge of the International Accounting and Reporting Standards, but all of them need unbiased and complete data about the company status and performance.
Improving the Professional Education of Accountants for the Effective Operation of the Economic Security System at Company Level
Authors: Pylypenko O. І. , Yurchenko O. А.
Published: January 2021

The effective company management involves the accounting of data about the likely misstatement or abuse that may impair the economic security of a company in the future. The current situation determines new requirements for the training of accountants, in particular as regards their knowledge of the effects of internal and external threats to the economic security. The study deals with the development of proposals to revise the requirements for accountants' qualifications in order to increase the accountant’s focus on enhancing the economic security of a company. The accountant’s activities have undergone structural change in the current business conditions. The accountant’s competencies on monitoring of the internal and external environment of a company lay the basis for providing reliable information about internal business processes and external environment to manage risks and prevent threats to the economic security of a company. The accountant may be entrusted with the functions of forming an accounting and analytical data set to facilitate control procedures and ensure the implementation of measures to achieve the economic security of a company. A review of the current content of professional education programs for Bachelor and Master training in the specialty “Accounting and Taxation” reveals that that neither scopes nor content of these programs are capable to ensure the competence of these professionals in issues of economic security at company level. It is proposed that professional education programs for Master training  in the specialty “Accounting and Taxation” should include the discipline “Accounting and economic security of the company”, which content is expected to complement and integrate the acquired knowledge, and to build the competencies, skills and abilities for carrying out analytical research  based on reporting and primary data, required to ensure the economic security of a company, forecast its performance and develop future business strategies. Teaching of this discipline will help improve the quality of the professional training of accountants and enhance the level of their retraining and qualification at all education levels.