bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of HIV on Tuberculous Meningitis Mortality; Experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Waqar Zaid , Khalid Bushra , Saddiqa Amina , Khalil Maryam , Awan Malik Muhammad Adil , Solizay Asmat Ullah Khan , Khan Soban , Majid Haris
Published: January 2024

Background
The global death rate from tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is still rather high, making it a dangerous and sometimes fatal infectious condition. The risk of TBM is greatly increased by HIV infection, as is widely known, however new studies indicates that HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals may not have significantly different death rates. The objective of this research is to examine and clarify this occurrence while also determining the main factors that predict death in individuals with TBM.
Materials &Methods:
This prospective study was conducted at Department of Neurology of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences from June- 2022 to June 2023. Patients exhibiting characteristics suggestive of meningeal tuberculosis and meeting the criteria of the Thwaites index were included and Patients with bacterial meningitis, dengue infection, malaria, fungal infection and neoplasia were excluded.
Analysis:
SPSS version 25 used, chi square, Phi and Pearson’s coefficient were used to analyze correlation and statistical significance.
Results
Statistical analysis showed a non-significant association HIV positivity and mortality, Pearson’s chi square test significance was (P- value) 0.424 (it should be less than 0.05). Phi coefficient correlation showed no correlation between HIV and Mortality. In contrast to the above analysis Increasing MRC grade of tuberculosis and Increasing age of Patients were associated with higher mortality and the results are statistically significant.
Conclusion
HIV although associated with higher incidence of tuberculosis, didn’t increase mortality from TB meningitis, and increasing age and higher severity of disease are predictors of mortality.
Single‑incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy is better in reducing postoperative pain than three-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with large gallstone
Authors: Zhang Zhiheng , Yu Decai , Lin Nacheng , Peng Jin
Published: January 2024

Aim
Depending on gallstone size, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and safety of SILC and TILC.
Material and methods
Patients with gallstones underwent cholecystectomy by a single surgeon in this single-centre retrospective study between June 2022 and October 2023.
Results
Of the 114 patients included in this study, 61 underwent SILC, and 53 underwent TILC. The pain score 6h, 24h post-operation was higher in the TILC group compared with the SILC group. Gallstone was divided into large (diameter > 2cm) and small group (diameter < 2cm), larger gallstones significantly increase operation duration in patients who receive SILC. For the TILC group, large gallstones significantly increased blood loss during operation, while operative duration, pain score, and hospitalization stay did not differ between the two groups. The blood volume and pain score were higher in the TILC group compared with the SILC group for patients with large gallstones.
Conclusion
In this study, SILC and TILC both had similar postoperative outcomes and reduced postoperative pain. Moreover, SILC might be a better option for patients with larger gallstones (diameter > 2 cm) and helps reduce blood loss and postoperative pain.
Enhancing DC Resistivity Data Two-Dimensional Inversion Result by Using U-Net Based Deep Learning- Algorithm: Examples from Archaegeophysical Surveys
Authors: ÖVER Demet , CANDANSAYAR M. Emin
Published: January 2024

In this study, we suggested using a convolutional neural network (CNN) based algorithm to enhance two-dimensional (2D) Direct Current Resistivity data inversion results. We developed U-net based CNN algorithm, named DCR_Net_Archeo. We generated 1080 sets of 2D resistivity models that simulate buried archeological remains. We calculated synthetic data for those models for different electrode arrays. We added 2% random noise to apparent resistivity data sets and inverted those data sets. We used the 2D inversion results as input and the corresponding real resistivity model as output. By using those 1080 input and output data sets we developed the DCR_Net_Archeo algorithm. First, we tested this algorithm by using synthetic data. We showed that the developed algorithm improved the 2D classical smoothing regularization inversion and the buried body’s location and depth can be found very close to the real model. Afterward, we also tested the developed algorithm with real data collected from two different archaeological sites. We showed that the buried wall cross-section location and depth are better found by the DCR_Net_Archeo algorithm than the classical inversion result if we compare it with the excavated wall structure.
Esophageal pericardial fistula caused by esophageal carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Xiao , Fan Huanfang , Ma Pan , Wu Haina , Guo Xujin
Published: January 2024

Esophago-pericardial fistula is a rare disease, and reports about it are rare. But esophagopericardial fistula is a serious condition with rapid progression, easy to miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and high fatality rate. However, there are no guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment in academia. This paper describes and analyzes a typical case of esophageal cancer-induced esophageal pericardial fistula, and summarizes the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease in combination with previous literature on esophageal pericardial fistula, so as to further improve the understanding of esophageal pericardial fistula and esophageal tumors.
The discrepant effect of blood glucose on the risk of early and late lung injury: Evidence from NHANES Running title： Blood Glucose Impact on Overall Lung Health
Authors: Wang Lu , Jiao Xiaojuan , Zhang qin , Shen Yunfeng
Published: January 2024

Background
The association between glycemic control and short-, and long-term lung health remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glucose control and overall lung health in a national cohort.
Methods
The analysis included 5610 subjects from NHANES 2007–2012. We assessed the correlation of glycemic status with respiratory symptoms (cough, sputum, wheeze, and exertional dyspnea), lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC)), and obstructive or restrictive lung disease (RLD). Furthermore, we determined all-cause mortality in patients with restrictive lung disease by linking data to the National Mortality Index records up to December 31, 2019.
Results
The study involved the examination of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests, and mortality analyses encompassing 3714, 3916, and 173 subjects, respectively. Multifactorial regression analyses revealed that a 1% increase in blood glucose was associated with a reduction in effect sizes (β) for FVC and FEV1 by -1.66% (-2.47%, -0.86%) and − 1.94% (-2.65%, -1.23%), respectively. This increase also exhibited correlations with an elevated risk of exertional dyspnoea, obstructive ventilation dysfunction, and all-cause mortality, presenting odds ratios (ORs) of 1.19 (1.06, 1.33), 1.22 (1.10, 1.36), and 1.61 (1.29, 2.01), respectively. Regarding glycemic control, patients with improved control demonstrated stronger associations with early lung damage, significantly correlating with reduced FVC (β -10.90%, [-14.45%, -7.36%]) and FEV1 (β -9.38%, [-12.90%, -5.87%]). Moreover, they experienced a notably higher risk of exertional dyspnoea (adjusted OR 2.09, [1.35–3.24]), while the diabetic group with poorer glycemic control showed more significant connections with advanced lung damage. This group exhibited significant associations with an increased risk of obstructive ventilatory dysfunction (adjusted OR, 2.56, [1.70–3.86]) and all-cause mortality (hazard ratios [HRs] 2.65, [1.05–6.67]), all compared to the reference group with normal glycemic metabolism.
Conclusions
Elevated blood glucose exhibited an inverse correlation with both long-term and short-term lung health. A negative L-shaped relationship was observed between glycemic control and early lung injury, along with a linearly negative association concerning late-stage lung damage.
MRI variables and peripheral inflammatory response biomarkers predict severity and prognosis in patients with acute cervical traumatic spinal cord injury
Authors: Ding Zihan , Zhou Wu , Wang Deliang , Li Lin , Wang Chengyun , Wang Chunliang
Published: January 2024

Objective: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) stands as one of the most profoundly damaging and debilitating conditions. This study aims to explore the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables and peripheral inflammatory indicators as promising biomarkers. It aims to understand their significance in evaluating the severity and predicting the prognosis of TSCI. Furthermore, the study aims to ascertain whether combining these indicators could enhance the accuracy of injury assessment and predictive prognostic ability.
Methods: A multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess the severity and prognostic value of MRI variables and peripheral inflammatory response biomarkers in patients with acute cervicalTSCI. The study involved 374 patients with acute cervicalTSCI drawn from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The severity and prognosis of patients with acute cervical TSCI were assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). The correlation between MRI variables, peripheral inflammatory response biomarkers, admission severity, and the 1-year follow-up prognosis was analysed.
Results: After the initial assessment using the AIS grading system, 169 (49.2%) patients fell into the non-severe category for cervical TSCI (AIS A–B), while 205 (50.8%) patients were classified as severe cases (AIS C–E). The MRI variables (intramedullary lesion length [IMLL], Brain and Spinal Injury Centre [BASIC], maximum spinal cord compression [MSCC], and maximum canal compromise [MCC]) and inflammatory response biomarkers (white blood cells [WBCs], neutrophils, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) exhibited a consistent decrease correlating with the severity grades noted upon admission. Among the 374 patients assessed, 147 (39.3%) experienced a poor prognosis, as indicated by the AIS grade during the 1-year follow-up. MRI variables and peripheral inflammatory response biomarkers declined in correspondence with the follow-up AIS grades. Sex (p <0.001), IMLL (p <0.001), MSCC (p<0.001), MCC (p <0.001), BASIC (p <0.001), WBC (p<0.001), neutrophils (p <0.001), and CRP (p <0.001) were statistically significant in predicting poor outcomes. Through multiple logistic regression analysis, BASIC score and CRP emerged as independent predictors of poor prognosis. Notably, the model combining the BASIC score and CRP yielded a larger area under the curve compared to models using only the BASIC score or CRP individually.
Conclusions: The BASIC score and CRP are crucial biomarkers for evaluating the severity of cervical TSCI and predicting prognosis. Their combination proved to be a more robust determinant of injury severity and a better predictor of neurological recovery.
Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial of Phytoterpenes in DMSO for the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Burke Briant E. , Baillie Jon-Eric
Published: January 2024

Sixty-two patients with plantar fasciitis were randomized to a placebo controlled trial testing the efficacy of a topical solution of plant terpenes containing camphor, menthol, eugenol, eucalyptol, and vanillin. Skin permeation of the mixture was enhanced with 15% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1% limonene, and rosemary oil. Using the validated foot function index 78.1% of patients reported an 85% or greater decrease in their total pain score by day 10 with twice daily application, while placebo treatment was without effect.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05467631
Analysis of progression after elective distal ureterectomy and effects of salvage radical nephroureterectomy in patients with distal ureteral urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Lee Chung Un , Lee Jong Hoon , Lee Hye Won , Chung Jae Hoon , Song Wan , Kang Minyong , Jeon Hwang Gyun , Jeong Byong Chang , Seo Seong Il , Jeon Seong Soo , Sung Hyun Hwan
Published: January 2024

We compared the progression patterns after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and elective distal ureterectomy (DU) in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the distal ureter. Between Jan 2011 and Dec 2020, 127 patients who underwent RNU and 46 who underwent elective DU for distal ureteral cancer were enrolled in this study. The patterns of progression and upper tract recurrence were compared between the two groups. Progression was defined as a local recurrence and/or distant metastasis after surgery. Upper tract recurrence and subsequent treatment in patients with DU were analyzed. Progression occurred in 35 (27.6%) and 10 (21.7%) patients in the RNU and DU groups, respectively. The progression pattern was not significantly different (p= 0.441), and the most common progression site was the lymph nodes in both groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pT2 stage, concomitant lymphovascular invasion, and nodal stage were significant predictors of disease progression. Upper tract recurrence was observed in nine (19.6%) patients with DU, and six (66.7%) patients had a prior history of bladder tumor. All patients with upper tract recurrence after DU were managed with salvage RNU. Elective DU with or without salvage treatment was not a risk factor for disease progression (p = 0.736), overall survival (p = 0.457), cancer-specific survival (p = 0.169), or intravesical recurrence-free survival (p= 0.921). In terms of progression patterns and oncological outcomes, there was no difference between patients who underwent RNU and elective DU with/without salvage treatment. Elective DU should be considered as a therapeutic option for distal ureter tumor.
Screening for central targets and the commonalities between rheumatoid arthritis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on bioinformatics
Authors: wu yunxia , Lei Kuok Tong , Wang Zishan , Lu Yun , Zhu Wen , Wang Yue
Published: January 2024

Background: Despite the mounting proof that those suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are more likely to experience idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), The precise molecular processes that underlie this correlation are yet to be fully comprehended. Hence, the objective of this research was to investigate the molecular workings of RA in conjunction with IPF.
Methods: The researchers obtained four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, adhering to a rigorous set of inclusion and exclusion standards. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes, including functional annotation, co-expression analysis and construction of regulatory TF-mRNA-miRNA networks. The CIBERSORT algorithm was employed to evaluate the association between hub genes and infiltrating immune cells in RA and IPF, in order to examine and contrast immune infiltration.
Results: Out of the 153 DEGs that were screened between GSE53845 and GSE55235, the GO and KEGG functional analyses showed that the pathogenesis of these genes may be related to immune factors. After constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, four hub genes (THY1, CD19, CCL5 and CD8A) were identified, and further bioinformatic analysis revealed that hub genes are involved in cell migration, cytokine activity, chemokine response and chemokine binding. Ultimately, the CIBERSORT-based algorithm detected three immune cells that were infiltrating both RA and IPF, namely CD4+ memory T cells that were upregulated, M1 macrophages, and CD8+ T cells that overlapped. The presence of THY1, CD8A, CCL5, and CD19 was linked to memory activated CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells when immune cells were associated with hub genes.
Conclusions: This study uncovered that THY1, CD19, CCL5 and CD8A may serve as commonly diagnostic biomarkers for RA and IPF. CD4+ memory T cells, M1 macrophages and CD8+ T cells are involved in the development of RA and IPF. Targeting these cells and targets may be the therapeutic direction of future research into RA-IPF comorbidity.
High pressure die casting process optimization for improving shrinkage porosity and air entrainment in carburetor housing with aluminum alloy using Taguchi-based ProCAST simulation and MADM-based overall quality index
Authors: Kim Ryong-Chol , Hong Kyong-Ryul , Yang Ji-Yon , Yang Won-Chol
Published: January 2024

Many practical high pressure die casting process (HPDCP) optimization problems are multi-objective optimization ones that optimize multiple quality attributes of castings. This paper proposes a new HPDCP optimization method for improving shrinkage porosity and air entrainment using Taguchi-based ProCAST simulation and multi-attribute decision making (MADM)-based overall quality index. Taguchi orthogonal array is used to design ProCAST simulation experiment. MADM is used to convert multiple quality attributes into a single overall quality index (OQI). Taguchi optimization method is used to determine optimal HPDCP parameters to maximize the OQI. By using the proposed method, this paper determines the optimal HPDCP parameters such as pouring temperature (PT), filling rate (FR), piston velocity (PV) and preheating mold temperature (PMT) for improving volume of shrinkage porosity (VSP) and air entrainment (AE) in carburetor housing with aluminum alloy AlSi9Cu1Mg. The optimal HPDCP parameters are PT of 640 oC, FR of 40%, PV of 6.5 m/s, and PMT of 150 oC. The PT is the most effective HPDCP parameter for improving the VSP and AE, and the next are FR, PV and PMT. The proposed method could be actively applied to not only HPDCP but also other casting processes and other manufacturing processes.
An Autonomous Wheelchair with Health Monitoring System based on Internet of Thing
Authors: Hou Lei , Latif Jawwad , Mehryar Pouyan , Ali Zulfiqur , Withers Stephen , Plastropoulos Angelos , Shen Linlin
Published: January 2024

Assistive powered wheelchairs will bring patients and elderly the ability of remain mobile without the direct intervention from caregivers. Vital signs from users can be collected and analyzed remotely to allow better disease prevention and proactive management of health and chronic conditions. This research proposes an autonomous wheelchair prototype system integrated with biophysical sensors based on internet of thing (IoT). A powered wheelchair system was developed with three biophysical sensors to collect, transmit and analysis users’ four vital signs to provide real-time feedback to users and clinicians. A user interface software embedded with the cloud artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms was developed for the data visualization and analysis. An improved data compression algorithm Minimalist, Adaptive and Streaming R-bit (O-MAS-R) was proposed to achieve a higher compression ratio with minimum 7.1%, maximum 45.25% compared with MAS algorithm during the data transmission. At the same time, the prototype wheelchair, accompanied with a smart-chair app, assimilates data from the onboard sensors and characteristics features within the surroundings in real-time to achieve the functions including obstruct laser scanning, autonomous localization, and point-to-point route planning and moving within a predefined area. In conclusion, the wheelchair prototype uses AI algorithms and navigation technology to help patients and elderly maintain their independent mobility and monitor their healthcare information in real-time.
Effect of Land Use in Soil Silicophytolith Pool in Pampean Region, Argentina
Authors: Paolicchi Micaela , Osterrieth Margarita , Honaine Mariana Fernández
Published: January 2024

Aims
Silicophytoliths contributes to the pool of amorphous silica that is incorporated into soils acting as an intermediate in the biogeochemical silica cycle. Soils of the Argentine Pampas are used for agro-livestock practices resulting in nutrient loss and soil degradation. In order to estimate how land use modifies different soil properties and how these alter the silicophytolith content of the soil, soil properties of different sites, silicophytolith content of plant species, dung and soils from different sites (pasture, cultivated field and reserve) were studied.
Methods
We examined soil, dung and plant phytolith contents and soil properties of sites with different soil use (pasture, cultivated field and reserve). Silicophytoliths from plants and dung were extracted by a calcination technique. Soil properties and phytolith content were measured or obtained by routine techniques. Differences between sites were analyzed by non-parametric and multivariate analyses.
Results
The production of silicophytoliths by crops was higher than another species. No close relationship between silicophytoliths produced by plants and those found in soils. The highest silicophytolith content was observed in the reserve and the lowest concentration in the cultivated field due to the extraction of the plants. Phytoliths had a significant correlation positive with organic matter and negative with pH.
Conclusions
Agro-livestock management modifies soil properties and the amounts of silicophytoliths in soils. Important changes in the silicophytolith pool are observed in the cultivated field. The results suggest that taphonomic processes in soils should be taken into account in palaeoecological studies.
Reducing Emissions and Costs in Solar Power: A Novel Approach with Aluminum Wiring
Authors: Sayyah Ali , Ahangari Mohammad , Mostafaei Jafar , Niaei Aligholi
Published: January 2024

One of the standout methods for harnessing renewable energy involves the conversion of solar radiation into electricity using solar cells. The globalization of photovoltaic systems faces challenges, such as balancing environmental, technical, and economic factors. This is addressed through the application of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, which are integral to sustainability. This study aims to determine optimal paths for electricity generation from solar panels, prioritizing minimal environmental impact, maximum efficiency, and the shortest cost payback period (CPP). After evaluating 108 different scenarios based on solar cell type, wiring material, wire sections, and pitch decisions, three solutions were identified. Decision-making tools were employed to select configurations that exhibited the least life cycle emissions, highest grid power injection capability, and the shortest CPP. A notable discovery is the recommendation to use aluminum wires instead of copper wires for electric installation, offering greater benefits. This finding underscores the significance of life cycle assessment in advising sustainable technology choices for solar power plants worldwide, challenging conventional practices like the use of copper wires.
Neuroinflammation driven by Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) directs the expression of long noncoding RNA RP11-677M14.2 resulting in dysregulation of Neurogranin in vivo and in vitro.
Authors: Reis Roberta S. Dos , Wagner Marc C.E. , McKenna Savannah , Ayyavoo Velpandi
Published: January 2024

Neuroinflammation and synaptodendritic damage represent the pathological hallmarks of HIV-1 associated cognitive disorders (HAND). The post-synaptic protein neurogranin (Nrgn) is significantly reduced in the frontal cortex of postmortem brains from people with HIV (PWH) and it is associated with inflammatory factors released by infected microglia/macrophages. However, the mechanism involved in synaptic loss have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we characterized a newly identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcript (RP11-677M14.2), which is antisense to the NRGN locus and is highly expressed in the frontal cortex of HIV-1 individuals. Further analysis indicates an inverse correlation between the expression of RP11-677M14.2 RNA and Nrgn mRNA. Additionally, the Nrgn-lncRNA axis is dysregulated in neurons exposed to HIV-1 infected microglia conditioned medium enriched with IL-1b. Moreover, in vitro overexpression of this lncRNA impact Nrgn expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Finally, we modeled the Nrgn-lncRNA dysregulation within an HIV-1-induced neuroinflammatory environment using brain organoids, thereby corroborating our in vivo and in vitro findings. Together, our study implicates a plausible role for lncRNA RP11-677M14.2 in modulating Nrgn expression that might serve as the mechanistic link between Nrgn loss and cognitive dysfunction in HAND, thus shedding new light on the mechanisms underlying synaptodendritic damage.
Changes in respiratory infection trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with haematologic malignancy
Authors: Ryoo Jiwon , Kim Seok Chan , Lee Jongmin
Published: January 2024

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed respiratory infection patterns globally. However, its impact on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in high-risk patients with haematological malignancies (HM) is uncertain. We aimed to examine how community-acquired pneumonia aetiology in patients with haematological malignancies changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 524 patients with haematological malignancies hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia between March 2018 and February 2022. Patients who underwent bronchoscopy within 24 hours of admission to identify community-acquired pneumonia aetiology were included. Data on patient characteristics, laboratory findings, and results of bronchioalveolar lavage fluid cultures and polymerase chain reaction tests were analysed and compared to identify changes and in-hospital mortality risk factors.
Results: Patients were divided into the ‘pre-COVID-19 era’ (44.5%) and ‘COVID-19 era’ (55.5%) groups. The incidence of viral community-acquired pneumonia significantly decreased in the COVID-19 era, particularly for influenza A, parainfluenza, adenovirus, and rhinovirus (pre-COVID-19 era vs. COVID-19 era: 3.0% vs. 0.3%, P = 0.036; 6.5% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.001; 5.6% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.015; and 9.5% vs. 1.7%, P < 0.001, respectively), whereas that of bacterial, fungal, and unknown community-acquired pneumonia aetiologies remain unchanged. Higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores and lower platelet counts correlated with in-hospital mortality after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
Conclusions: In the COVID-19 era, the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia with viral aetiologies markedly decreased among patients with haematological malignancies, with no changes in the incidence of bacterial and fungal pneumonia. Further studies are required to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the prognosis of patients with haematological malignancies and community-acquired pneumonia.
The research protocol of unpacking the “mind” and “body” pathways of antidepressant effects of school children with obesity in Hong Kong
Authors: Miao Chuhan , Ning Wenjing , Li Beilei , Bo Yan
Published: January 2024

Background
This study will investigate the effects of Qigong, mindfulness, and low-intensity exercise on the mental and physical health of obese school children (6–18 years old). It seeks to unpack the mechanisms through which these mind-body interventions impact depressive symptoms in this population since these effects and the underlying pathways through which they exert their antidepressant effects remain unclear.
Methods
This protocol proposes a randomised controlled trial (RCT). It will recruit a sample of obese school children and randomly assign them to a qigong, mindfulness, low-intensity exercise, or control group first. Then, it will implement the interventions over a specified period and conduct pre- and post-intervention assessments to measure changes in depressive symptoms, weight, and psychological well-being. Quantitative measures will include standardised scales assessing depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and weight-related outcomes. Data analysis will involve regression and t-tests to examine interventions’ effects on depression and weight-related outcomes.
Discussion
This study expects to reveal the psychological and physiological mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of Qigong, mindfulness, and low-intensity exercise on obese school children by implementing this study, which will help develop more effective interventions to reduce the incidence of obesity. Ultimately, the findings may improve health outcomes in obese school children and contribute to developing healthcare strategies for this vulnerable population.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03615937.
11 C-methionine in the Diagnostics and Management of Glioblastoma Patients with Rapid Early Progression: Nonrandomized, Open Label, Prospective Clinical Trial (GlioMET)
Authors: Lakomý Radek , Lojová Martina , Souckova Lenka , Hynkova Ludmila , Polachova Katerina , Vasina Jiri , Demlová Regina , Poprach Alexandr , Sana Jiri , Prochazka Tomas , Smrcka Martin , Fadrus Pavel , Jancalek Radim , Selingerova Iveta , Belanova Renata , Slampa Pavel , Pospisil Petr , Kazda Tomas , Demlova Regina
Published: January 2024

Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer. The treatment of GBM consists of a combination of surgery and subsequent oncological therapy, i.e., radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or their combination. If postoperative oncological therapy involves irradiation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used for radiotherapy treatment planning. Unfortunately, in some cases, a very early worsening (progression) or return (recurrence) of the disease is observed several weeks after the surgery and is called rapid early progression (REP). Radiotherapy planning was based on MRI in all patients. However, patients with REP may benefit from targeting radiotherapy with other imaging modalities. The purpose of the presented clinical trial is to evaluate the utility of 11C-methionine in optimizing radiotherapy for glioblastoma patients with REP.
Methods:
This study is a nonrandomized, open-label, parallel-setting, prospective, monocentric clinical trial. The main aim of this study was to refine the diagnosis in patients with GBM with REP and to optimize subsequent radiotherapy planning.
Glioblastoma patients who develop REP within approximately 6 weeks after surgery will undergo 11C-methionine positron emission tomography (PET/CT) examinations. Target volumes for radiotherapy are defined using both planning T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI and PET/CT. The primary outcome is progression-free survival defined using RANO criteria and compared to a historical cohort with REP treated without PET/CT optimization of radiotherapy.
Discussion:
PET is one of the most modern methods of molecular imaging and is a noninvasive in vivo method that allows physicians to study processes in the human body using radiolabelled radiopharmaceuticals. 11C-Methionine is an example of a radiolabelled (carbon 11) amino acid - a source of energy for tumor cells and a building material for new proteins. This radiopharmaceutical is commonly used in the diagnosis of brain tumors and in the evaluation of response to treatment. Optimized radiotherapy may also have the potential to cover those regions with a high risk of subsequent progression, which would not be identified using standard-of-care MRI for radiotherapy planning.
Trial Registration:
NCT05608395, registered on 8.11.2022 in clinicaltrials.gov; EudraCT Number: 2020-000640-64, registered on 26.5.2020 in clinicaltrialsregister.eu. Protocol ID: MOU-2020-01, version 3.2, date 18.09.2020.
Modeling inhibition efficiency of mango leaf extract for corrosion control of mild steel in HCl solution: Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Omotioma Monday , Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic , Amaoge Obiora-Okafo Ifeoma , Archibong Friday Nwankwo , Nlemedim Peace Ugochinyerem
Published: January 2024

This study advanced the establishment of natural plant-based inhibitors for corrosion prevention procedures. It entails modelling the efficiency of leaf extract for mild steel corrosion control in HCl solution. The mango leaf extract are characterize to ascertain its molecules/molecular structures using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GCMS). The efficiency undergo modeling using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Critical phenomena of the inhibitor’s bio-molecules in the HCl solution and interfacial transition between the molecules and mild steel’s surface are examine using Langmuir, Frumkin, Temkin and Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherms. The results showed that 2-hydroxycyclopentadecanone (C15H28O2), 4-hepten-3-one (C8H14O), benzenemethanol (C9H12O), and 2,7-dimethyloct-7-en-5-yn-4-yl ester (C14H20O4 are the predominant molecular constituents (of higher inhibitive properties) in the mango leaf extract. The highest efficiency of 91.42% is obtain at an inhibition concentration of 0.6 g/L, temperature of 318 K and immersion time of 16 hours. Efficiency of the extract are model by optimization tools of RSM and ANN. Based on statistical analyses (correlation coefficient, RMSE and standard error of prediction), ANN performed better than RSM in the prediction of inhibition efficiency of the extract. Interfacial transition between the extract’s molecules and the mild steel surface established. The bio-molecular constituents inhibited the corrosion by process of adsorption.
Risk factors associated with intraventricular hemorrhage in very-low-birth-weight premature infants
Authors: Puerta-Martínez Alejandra Guadalupe , López-Garrido Esteban , Guerrero-Nava José Miguel , Vargas-Ruiz Rodrigo , Martinez-Padron Hadassa Yuef
Published: January 2024

Purpose
To analyze the association between risk factors and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (Grade II-IV) in PNB under 1500 grams.
Methods
Multicenter, retrospective, analytical, case-control, study in PNB under 34 weeks and under 1500 grams admitted to the NICU Case: PNB with severe intraventricular hemorrhage (grade II-IV). Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for IVH-associated variables and odds ratios (OR).
Results
A total of 90 PNB files were analyzed, 45 cases and 45 controls. The highest risk factors for severe IVH were lower gestational age (OR:1.3, p < 0.001), perinatal asphyxia (OR:12, p < 0.001), Apgar < 6 at minute 1 and 5 (OR:6.3, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Lower gestational age, birth asphyxia, Apgar score lower of 6, and respiratory-type factors are associated with increased risk for severe IVH.
Analysis of factors influencing hospitalization cost of patients with distal radius fractures: an empirical study based on public traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in two cities, China
Authors: Chen Mengen , Yang Jingyu , Hou Haojia , Zheng Baozhu , Wu Guoping , Sun Henong , Jia Xuan , Xia Shiji , Wang Yuhan , Yu Jing , Zhang Xiaoxi , Ning Hao , Chang Hui , Yuan Youshu , Wang Zhiwei
Published: January 2024

Background Distal radius fractures (DRFs) have become a public health problem for all countries, bringing a heavier economic burden of disease globally, with China's disease economic burden being even more acute due to the trend of an aging population. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of hospitalization cost of patients with DRFs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals to provide a scientific basis for controlling hospitalization cost. Methods With 1306 cases of DRFs patients hospitalized in 15 public TCM hospitals in two cities of Gansu Province in China from January 2017 to 2022 as the study object, the influencing factors of hospitalization cost were studied in depth gradually through univariate analysis, multiple linear regression, and path model. Results Hospitalization cost of patients with DRFs is mainly affected by the length of stay, surgery and operation, hospital levels, use of TCM preparations, complications and comorbidities, clinical pathways, and payment methods of medical insurance. The length of stay is the most critical factor influencing the hospitalization cost, and the longer the length of stay, the higher the hospitalization cost. Conclusions TCM hospitals should actively take advantage of TCM diagnostic modalities and therapeutic methods to ensure the efficacy of treatment and effectively reduce the length of stay at the same time, to lower hospitalization cost. It is also necessary to further deepen the reform of the medical insurance payment methods and strengthen the construction of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, to make the patients receive reasonable compensation for medical expenses, thus effectively alleviating the economic burden of the disease in the patients with DRFs.
In vivo mitral valve repair for the transplanted donor heart in orthotopic heart transplantation
Authors: Handa Kazuma , Misumi Yusuke , Yoshioka Daisuke , Kawamura Masashi , Kawamura Takuji , Kawamura Ai , Miyagawa Shigeru
Published: January 2024

A 53-year-old woman with the dilated phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. The donor heart was evaluated as normal preoperatively without mitral regurgitation or the left atrium dilation, transplanted using the modified bicaval technique. Although the heart beat satisfactorily after aortic declamping, massive mitral regurgitation was observed without any prolapse or annular dilation. Because of the difficulty in weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, a second aortic cross-clamp was applied, and we detached the inferior vena cava and the right side of the left atrial anastomosis to approach the mitral valve, obtaining a satisfactory exposure. No abnormalities were observed in the mitral valve leaflets, annulus or subvalvular apparatus. Subsequent in vivo mitral annuloplasty using prosthetic full ring successfully controlled the regurgitation, and the patient was easily weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass. She discharged to home with good mitral valve and cardiac functions.
Integrated Disaster Nursing Response for Public Healthcare Settings in Pakistan: A Sequential Mixed Method Approach Study Protocol
Authors: Gulzar Saleema , Andaleeb Sumia , Jetha Zohra , Qutb Syeda Humera , Saleem Zulekha , Lalani Sharifa , Atiq Huba , Muhammad Shah , Hirani Rimsha , Salman Ahad , Ali Tazeen
Published: January 2024

Background
Natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, etc. are unforeseen circumstances that overwhelm and affect millions of people. Pakistan is one of the countries which is highly susceptible to getting affected by floods every year. Among the various cities of Pakistan Sanghar and Dadu are the low-lying areas making them vulnerable to being greatly affected by natural disasters. These calamities can cause large human and infrastructure losses, putting the healthcare system's ability to respond effectively at risk. The capacity of healthcare providers to cope with crisis circumstances and offer crucial medical aid is critical to saving lives and minimizing the long-term effects of catastrophic events on human life.
Methods
The study will employ a sequential mixed-method design approach with an embedded experimental component where quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analyzed in two distinct phases respectively. In Phase 1, a Quasi-experimental design will be utilized, consisting of pre-tests and post-tests. The study will be conducted on 310 healthcare providers (155 per district). A nursing post-disaster response capacity-building intervention will be integrated between the pre and post-tests. Phase 2 will involve a qualitative approach, where focus group interviews will be conducted from both areas. These will be analyzed through inductive thematic analysis.
Discussion
This project is anticipated to provide an intervention program to improve healthcare practitioners' disaster response capacities, as well as their ability to deal successfully with catastrophe victims. The role of nurses in disaster response is critical, making this study significant. The findings are expected to have a significant impact on nursing education and practice, particularly in terms of adding disaster nursing response into the nursing curriculum.
Is Cabrol fistula techniques really justified in surgical of aortic disease?
Authors: Han Yaru , Ren Xinglei , Li Ruru , Wang Miao , Jin Jiaqi , Cheng Haoming , Zhong Jiajun , Jiang Nan , Wang Chiyin , Zhang Liqing , Wang Jue
Published: January 2024

Objective: Cabrol fistulas are often used as a bailout procedure in cases of reoperation and severe calcifications in complex aneurysm surgery. However, the justification for using Cabrol fistulas in aortic dissection has been controversial. This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of the prophylactic use of Cabrol fistulas.
Methods: The design of this study was a retrospective study. We queried 414 patients with aortic aneurysms or type A aortic dissection who underwent emergency or selective aortic surgery at our center from January 2015 to December 2020 and were followed up until 2022. Among them, 280 patients were treated with the Cabrol fistula (Cabrol group), and 134 patients did not receive this technique (non-Cabrol group). The clinical data of all patients were retrospectively analyzed and followed up.
Results: The 30-day mortality rate of the Cabrol group was higher than that of the non-Cabrol group (n = 29, 10.36% vs n = 7, 5.22%, p < 0.001). The Cabrol group had a lower drainage volume 3 days after surgery (1241 [IQR, 939-1638.5 ml] vs 1480 [IQR, 1245-1725 ml]). There were no significant differences in postoperative complications, BNP levels, CCU stay time, ventilation time, or reoperation (p > 0.05). These outcomes did not appear to differ in subgroup analysis for patients between the two groups.
Conclusions: This study provides evidence that Cabrol fistulas can reduce postoperative drainage. However, patients who underwent Cabrol fistulas had increased 30-day mortality. The Cabrol technique can be used as an emergency measure for aortic surgical bleeding but cannot be used as a routine method.
Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for postoperative ICU admission in patients with colorectal cancer: Clinical prediction model study
Authors: Wang Lu , Wu Yanan , Deng Liqin , Tian Xiaoxia , Ma Junyang
Published: January 2024

Background:
ICU transfer is a common situation after all non-cardiac surgeries, including radical resection of colorectal cancer (CRC). It is important to understand the rational use of expensive ICU medical resources and supportive postoperative treatment. The purpose of this research was to construct and validate a nomogram to predict which patients would need immediate ICU admission after radical CRC resection.
Methods:
Data of 1003 patients who underwent radical resection or palliative surgery for CRC at Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from August 2020 to April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were randomly allocated to training and validation queues (7:3, respectively). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach and multivariate logistic regression, the nomogram was built by identifying independent predictors in the training cohort. An online prediction tool was generated for clinical application.
Results:
The final predictive model included: age (P = 0.003, odds ratio [OR] 3.623, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.535–8.551); NRS2002 (P = 0.000, OR 6.129, 95% CI 2.920-12.863); ALB (P = 0.013, OR 0.921, 95% CI 0.863–0.982); atrial fibrillation (P = 0.000, OR 20.017, 95% CI 4.191–95.609); COPD (P = 0.009, OR 8.151, 95% CI 1.674–39.676); FEV1/FVC (P = 0.040, OR 0.966, 95% CI 0.935–0.998); and surgical method (P = 0.024, OR 0.425, 95% CI 0.202–0.891), among others. The nomogram's area under the curve and consistency index were 0.865 and 0.367, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed that the model fit was excellent (P = 0.367). Predictive performance was confirmed by internal validation.
Conclusion:
Predictors of ICU admission after radical resection of CRC include: age, preoperative serum albumin level, nutritional risk screening, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV one-second rate, and surgical route. Postoperative ICU admission risk prediction line chart and online web server facilitate clinical decision making on the need for postoperative ICU admission for patients undergoing radical colorectal cancer surgery.
Trial registration:
Despite the retrospective nature of this study, we have proactively registered it with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The registration number is ChiCTR2200062210, and the date of registration is 29/07/2022.
Optimizing with Attractor Combinatorial Complexity of the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Li Weiqi
Published: January 2024

This paper studies combinatorial complexity of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) from the attractor perspective. In order to find the exact optimal tour for a TSP instance, a kind of exhaustive search is unavoidable. However, the combinatorial explosion of possible tours in the solution space makes an exhaustive search algorithm infeasible for large instances. How can we reduce the search space efficiently and effectively to make an exhaustive search algorithm feasible? This is the question this paper aims to answer. The TSP has a data structure, through which its complexity can be exponentially reduced by a polynomial-time algorithm. This paper describes the complexity reducibility of the TSP from the attractor perspective of dynamical systems. A local search algorithm can be used to reduce the search space from the entire solution space to a much smaller attractor for an exhaustive search. The results show that the TSP might not be as complex as we have expected.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 05A15 · 05C05 · 05C30 ·37A50 · 37N40 · 68Q17 · 68Q25 · 68W40 · 90C27
LncRNA DDX11-AS1 promotes breast cancer progression via targeting the miR-30c-5p/MTDH axis
Authors: Li Yanting , Zhou Mengsi , Yang Liu , Liu Shuo , Yang Lixian , Xu Bin , Li Xiaolong , Zhao Haijun , Song Zhenchuan
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve a significant role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. However, the roles of lncRNAs in breast cancer (BC) remain largely unknown. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of lncRNA DDX11-AS1 on BC progression.
Methods
Bioinformatics analysis using public microarray revealed that DDX11-AS1 was upregulated in BC. In addition, the effect of DDX11-AS1 on the prognosis of patients with BC was evaluated by clinical data analysis. Furthermore, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of BC cells were assessed in vitro in the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 BC cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to unveil the association between DDX11-AS1, microRNA (miR)-30c-5p and metadherin (MTDH).
Results
DDX11-AS1 was significantly upregulated in BC tissues and cells. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that the expression levels of DDX11-AS1 were increased with enhanced pathological grading and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, DDX11-AS1 knockdown markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of BC cells. Mechanistically, DDX11-AS1 could prevent the degradation of MTDH in BC via competitively binding with miR-30c-5p, which could act as a tumor promoter factor.
Conclusion
Collectively, the above results suggested that the DDX11-AS1/miR-30c-5p/MTDH axis could be associated with the progression of BC and DDX11-AS1 could be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for BC.