bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher risk of colorectal cancer in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus before the age of colorectal cancer screening initiation
Authors: de Kort Sander , Masclee Ad A. M. , Sanduleanu Silvia , Weijenberg Matty P. , van Herk-Sukel Myrthe P. P. , Oldenhof Nico J. J. , van den Bergh Joop P. W. , Haak Harm R. , Janssen-Heijnen Maryska L.
Published: April 2017

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with greater risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). The age of onset of T2DM is decreasing worldwide. An increased CRC risk in young T2DM patients could be relevant for the age at which to initiate CRC screening. We report on CRC risk in T2DM patients with attention to age of diagnosis. We used pharmacy data (from 1998 to 2010) from the PHARMO Database Network linked to the Eindhoven Cancer Registry. Multivariable time-dependent Cox regression analyses were conducted to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for developing CRC comparing T2DM with non-T2DM. During 2,599,925 years of follow-up, 394 CRC cases among 41,716 diabetes patients (mean age 64.0 yr, 48% men) and 1,939 CRC cases among 325,054 non-diabetic patients (mean age 51.2 yr, 46% men) were identified. Diabetes was associated with an increased CRC risk in both men and women (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2–1.5), particularly in the first 6 months after T2DM diagnosis and pronounced in the proximal colon. This risk was even higher in men younger than 55 years (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–3.8). T2DM was associated with a time-varying and subsite-specific increased CRC risk, which was even higher in men aged <55 years.
Spatiotemporally and Sequentially-Controlled Drug Release from Polymer Gatekeeper–Hollow Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Palanikumar L. , Jeena M. T. , Kim Kibeom , Yong Oh Jun , Kim Chaekyu , Park Myoung-Hwan , Ryu Ja-Hyoung
Published: April 2017

Combination chemotherapy has become the primary strategy against cancer multidrug resistance; however, accomplishing optimal pharmacokinetic delivery of multiple drugs is still challenging. Herein, we report a sequential combination drug delivery strategy exploiting a pH-triggerable and redox switch to release cargos from hollow silica nanoparticles in a spatiotemporal manner. This versatile system further enables a large loading efficiency for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs inside the nanoparticles, followed by self-crosslinking with disulfide and diisopropylamine-functionalized polymers. In acidic tumour environments, the positive charge generated by the protonation of the diisopropylamine moiety facilitated the cellular uptake of the particles. Upon internalization, the acidic endosomal pH condition and intracellular glutathione regulated the sequential release of the drugs in a time-dependent manner, providing a promising therapeutic approach to overcoming drug resistance during cancer treatment.
Broad and potent cross clade neutralizing antibodies with multiple specificities in the plasma of HIV-1 subtype C infected individuals
Authors: Cheedarla Narayanaiah , Precilla K. Lucia , Babu Hemalatha , Vijayan K. K. Vidya , Ashokkumar Manickam , Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini , Kailasam Nandagopal , Sundaramurthi Jagadish Chandrabose , Swaminathan Soumya , Buddolla Viswanath , Vaniambadi S. Kalyanaraman , Ramanathan V. D. , Hanna Luke Elizabeth
Published: April 2017

Broadly Cross clade Neutralizing (BCN) antibodies are recognized as potential therapeutic tools and leads for the design of a vaccine that can protect human beings against various clades of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). In the present study, we screened plasma of 88 HIV-1 infected ART naïve individuals for their neutralization potential using a standard panel of 18 pseudoviruses belonging to different subtypes and different levels of neutralization. We identified 12 samples with good breadth of neutralization (neutralized >90% of the viruses). Four of these samples neutralized even the difficult-to-neutralize tier-3 pseudoviruses with great potency (GMT > 600). Analysis of neutralization specificities indicated that four samples had antibodies with multiple epitope binding specificities, viz. CD4-binding site (CD4BS), glycans in the V1/V2 and V3 regions and membrane proximal external region (MPER). Our findings indicate the strong possibility of identifying highly potent bNAbs with known or novel specificities from HIV-1 subtype C infected individuals from India that can be exploited as therapeutic tools or lead molecules for the identification of potential epitopes for design of a protective HIV-1 vaccine.
Rational design of non-resistant targeted cancer therapies
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Francisco , Overington John P. , Al-Lazikani Bissan , Marti-Renom Marc A.
Published: April 2017

Drug resistance is one of the major problems in targeted cancer therapy. A major cause of resistance is changes in the amino acids that form the drug-target binding site. Despite of the numerous efforts made to individually understand and overcome these mutations, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the mutational landscape that can prospectively estimate drug-resistance mutations. Here we describe and computationally validate a framework that combines the cancer-specific likelihood with the resistance impact to enable the detection of single point mutations with the highest chance to be responsible of resistance to a particular targeted cancer therapy. Moreover, for these treatment-threatening mutations, the model proposes alternative therapies overcoming the resistance. We exemplified the applicability of the model using EGFR-gefitinib treatment for Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Squamous Cell Cancer (LSCC) and the ERK2-VTX11e treatment for melanoma and colorectal cancer. Our model correctly identified the phenotype known resistance mutations, including the classic EGFR-T790M and the ERK2-P58L/S/T mutations. Moreover, the model predicted new previously undescribed mutations as potentially responsible of drug resistance. Finally, we provided a map of the predicted sensitivity of alternative ERK2 and EGFR inhibitors, with a particular highlight of two molecules with a low predicted resistance impact.
Elevated circulating levels of the interferon-γ–induced chemokines are associated with disease activity and cutaneous manifestations in adult-onset Still’s disease
Authors: Han Jae Ho , Suh Chang-Hee , Jung Ju-Yang , Ahn Mi-Hyun , Han Mi Hwa , Kwon Ji Eun , Yim Hyunee , Kim Hyoun-Ah
Published: April 2017

C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), CXCL10, and CXCL11 are produced in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and trigger inflammation with the accumulation of activated lymphocytes. It appears that these chemokines could play a role in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD). Therefore, we investigated the associations between the levels of these chemokine and clinical manifestations in patients with active AOSD. Serum levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. IFN-γ levels were higher in AOSD patients than in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (p = 0.001) or healthy controls (HCs) (p = 0.032). AOSD patients also exhibited higher levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 compared with RA patients (p < 0.001) and HCs (p < 0.001). In follow-up AOSD patients after treatment with corticosteroid, the levels of CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 fell significantly, whereas IFN-γ levels were not significantly different. On immunohistochemistry, the percentage of CXCL10-positive inflammatory cells was higher in skin biopsy samples from AOSD patients than in those from normal control (p = 0.012), eczema (p = 0.019), and psoriasis (p = 0.009) groups. Levels of the IFN-γ–induced chemokines, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11, were elevated and correlated with several disease activity markers. These interferon-γ–induced chemokines may contribute to inflammatory responses and skin manifestations in AOSD.
Definition of fractal topography to essential understanding of scale-invariance
Authors: Jin Yi , Wu Ying , Li Hui , Zhao Mengyu , Pan Jienan
Published: April 2017

Fractal behavior is scale-invariant and widely characterized by fractal dimension. However, the cor-respondence between them is that fractal behavior uniquely determines a fractal dimension while a fractal dimension can be related to many possible fractal behaviors. Therefore, fractal behavior is independent of the fractal generator and its geometries, spatial pattern, and statistical properties in addition to scale. To mathematically describe fractal behavior, we propose a novel concept of fractal topography defined by two scale-invariant parameters, scaling lacunarity (P) and scaling coverage (F). The scaling lacunarity is defined as the scale ratio between two successive fractal generators, whereas the scaling coverage is defined as the number ratio between them. Consequently, a strictly scale-invariant definition for self-similar fractals can be derived as D = log F /log P. To reflect the direction-dependence of fractal behaviors, we introduce another parameter Hxy, a general Hurst exponent, which is analytically expressed by Hxy = log Px/log Py where Px and Py are the scaling lacunarities in the x and y directions, respectively. Thus, a unified definition of fractal dimension is proposed for arbitrary self-similar and self-affine fractals by averaging the fractal dimensions of all directions in a d-dimensional space, which "Equation missing". Our definitions provide a theoretical, mechanistic basis for understanding the essentials of the scale-invariant property that reduces the complexity of modeling fractals.
Histological validation of fast macromolecular proton fraction mapping as a quantitative myelin imaging method in the cuprizone demyelination model
Authors: Khodanovich Marina Yu , Sorokina Irina V. , Glazacheva Valentina Yu , Akulov Andrey E. , Nemirovich-Danchenko Nikolay M. , Romashchenko Alexander V. , Tolstikova Tatyana G. , Mustafina Lilia R. , Yarnykh Vasily L.
Published: April 2017

Cuprizone-induced demyelination in mice is a frequently used model in preclinical multiple sclerosis research. A recent quantitative clinically-targeted MRI method, fast macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) mapping demonstrated a promise as a myelin biomarker in human and animal studies with a particular advantage of sensitivity to both white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) demyelination. This study aimed to histologically validate the capability of MPF mapping to quantify myelin loss in brain tissues using the cuprizone demyelination model. Whole-brain MPF maps were obtained in vivo on an 11.7T animal MRI scanner from 7 cuprizone-treated and 7 control С57BL/6 mice using the fast single-point synthetic-reference method. Brain sections were histologically stained with Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) for myelin quantification. Significant (p < 0.05) demyelination in cuprizone-treated animals was found according to both LFB staining and MPF in all anatomical structures (corpus callosum, anterior commissure, internal capsule, thalamus, caudoputamen, and cortex). MPF strongly correlated with quantitative histology in all animals (r = 0.95, p < 0.001) as well as in treatment and control groups taken separately (r = 0.96, p = 0.002 and r = 0.93, p = 0.007, respectively). Close agreement between histological myelin staining and MPF suggests that fast MPF mapping enables robust and accurate quantitative assessment of demyelination in both WM and GM.
Extratropical Forcing Triggered the 2015 Madden–Julian Oscillation–El Niño Event
Authors: Hong Chi-Cherng , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Tseng Wan-Ling , Lee Ming-Ying , Chow Chun-Hoe , Jiang Li-Chiang
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we report the triggering effect of extratropical perturbation on the onset of an atypical Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) and onset of the 2015–16 El Niño in March 2015. The MJO exhibited several unique characteristics: the effect of extratropical forcing, atypical genesis location and timing in the equatorial western Pacific, and the extremity of amplitudes in many aspects. The southward-penetrating northerly associated with the extratropical disturbances in the extratropical western North Pacific contributed to triggering the deep convection and westerly wind burst (WWB) and onset of the MJO over the anomalously warm tropical western Pacific in early March. The persisting strong WWB forced downwelling Kelvin wave-like oceanic perturbation that propagated eastward and led to the onset of the 2015–16 El Niño. The proposed novel extratropical forcing mechanism explaining the unique extratropics–MJO–El Niño association, based on both data diagnostics and numerical experiments, warrants further attention for a more detailed understanding of the onset of the MJO and its potential effect on El Niño.
MiR-146b is down-regulated during the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived skeletal stem cells and up-regulated in osteoarthritis
Authors: Budd Emma , de Andrés María C. , Sanchez-Elsner Tilman , Oreffo Richard O. C.
Published: April 2017

Articular cartilage injury can result in chondrocyte loss and diminishment of specialised extracellular matrix, which can progress to an osteoarthritic (OA) phenotype. Stem cells have emerged as a favourable approach for articular cartilage regeneration. Identification of miRNAs which influence stem cell fate offers new approaches for application of miRNAs to regenerate articular cartilage. Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) isolated from human bone marrow were cultured as high density micromass’ using TGF-β3 to induce chondrogenesis. qPCR and TaqMan qPCR were used to assess chondrogenic gene and miRNA expression. Target prediction algorithms identified potential targets of miR-146b. Transient transfection with miR-146b mimic and western blotting was used to analyse SOX5. Human OA articular chondrocytes were examined for miR-146b expression. Chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived SSCs resulted in significant down-regulation of miR-146b. Gain of miR-146b function resulted in down-regulation of SOX5. MiR-146b expression was up-regulated in OA chondrocytes. These findings demonstrate the functional role of miR-146b in the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived SSCs. MiR-146b may play a role in the pathophysiology of OA. Application of miR-146b combined with stem cell therapy could enhance regeneration of cartilaginous tissue and serve as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of OA.
Solitonic Josephson-based meminductive systems
Authors: Guarcello Claudio , Solinas Paolo , Di Ventra Massimiliano , Giazotto Francesco
Published: April 2017

Memristors, memcapacitors, and meminductors represent an innovative generation of circuit elements whose properties depend on the state and history of the system. The hysteretic behavior of one of their constituent variables, is their distinctive fingerprint. This feature endows them with the ability to store and process information on the same physical location, a property that is expected to benefit many applications ranging from unconventional computing to adaptive electronics to robotics. Therefore, it is important to find appropriate memory elements that combine a wide range of memory states, long memory retention times, and protection against unavoidable noise. Although several physical systems belong to the general class of memelements, few of them combine these important physical features in a single component. Here, we demonstrate theoretically a superconducting memory based on solitonic long Josephson junctions. Moreover, since solitons are at the core of its operation, this system provides an intrinsic topological protection against external perturbations. We show that the Josephson critical current behaves hysteretically as an external magnetic field is properly swept. Accordingly, long Josephson junctions can be used as multi-state memories, with a controllable number of available states, and in other emerging areas such as memcomputing, i.e., computing directly in/by the memory.
Glucose-dependent regulation of pregnane X receptor is modulated by AMP-activated protein kinase
Authors: Oladimeji Peter O. , Lin Wenwei , Brewer C. Trent , Chen Taosheng
Published: April 2017

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic receptor that regulates the detoxification and clearance of drugs and foreign compounds from the liver. There has been mounting evidence of crosstalk between the drug metabolism pathway and the energy metabolism pathway, but little is known about this cross-regulation. To further delineate the energy metabolism and drug metabolism crosstalk in this study, we exposed HepG2 cells to varying glucose concentrations. We observed that PXR activity was induced under high-glucose conditions. This finding is consistent with previous clinical reports of increased drug clearance in patients with untreated diabetes. We demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) modulates PXR transcriptional activity and that pharmacologically manipulated AMPK activation exhibits an inverse relation to PXR activity. Activation of AMPK was shown to downregulate PXR activity and, consistent with that, potentiate the response of cells to the drug. Taken together, our results delineate a hitherto unreported axis of regulation that involves the energy status of the cell, PXR regulation, and drug sensitivity.
PathoSpotter-K: A computational tool for the automatic identification of glomerular lesions in histological images of kidneys
Authors: Barros George O. , Navarro Brenda , Duarte Angelo , dos-Santos Washington L. C.
Published: April 2017

PathoSpotter is a computational system designed to assist pathologists in teaching about and researching kidney diseases. PathoSpotter-K is the version that was developed to detect nephrological lesions in digital images of kidneys. Here, we present the results obtained using the first version of PathoSpotter-K, which uses classical image processing and pattern recognition methods to detect proliferative glomerular lesions with an accuracy of 88.3 ± 3.6%. Such performance is only achieved by similar systems if they use images of cell in contexts that are much less complex than the glomerular structure. The results indicate that the approach can be applied to the development of systems designed to train pathology students and to assist pathologists in determining large-scale clinicopathological correlations in morphological research.
Effective ensemble system for the identification of CN− based on a cobalt(ii) complex: a logic gate mimic
Authors: Maurya Nirma , Singh Ashok Kumar
Published: April 2017

A novel reaction-based sensor [4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-(1-(3-methylpyridin-2-ylimine)ethyl)-2H-chromene-2-one-Co2+] has been synthesized for the sensitive and selective detection of CN−.
Design and preparation of [4,4′-bipyridine]-1,1′-diium trinitromethanide (BPDTNM) as a novel nanosized ionic liquid catalyst: application to the synthesis of 1-(benzoimidazolylamino)methyl-2-naphthols
Authors: Yarie Meysam , Ali Zolfigol Mohammad , Baghery Saeed , Alonso Diego A. , Khoshnood Abbas , Kalhor Mehdi , Bayat Yadollah , Asgari Asiye
Published: April 2017

A novel bifunctional nanosized molten salt catalyst promoted the synthesis of 1-(benzoimidazolylamino)methyl-2-naphthols.
Rapid and simultaneous determination of 22 constituents in Menispermi Rhizoma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Wei Jinxia , Cui Kunna , Du Yueying , Yu Jia , Jiang Zhen , Guo Xingjie
Published: April 2017

A multi-component-assay quality control method, using UPLC-MS/MS, has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of 22 constituents in Menispermi Rhizoma.
Colorimetric detection of hypochlorite based on the morphological changes of silver nanoprisms to spherical nanoparticles
Authors: Sasikumar Thangarasu , Ilanchelian Malaichamy
Published: April 2017

In this work, we have developed a simple, rapid, sensitive and selective colorimetric method for the quantitative determination of hypochlorite (ClO−) ions by using triangular silver nanoprisms (AgNPRs) as a colorimetric probe.
Nitrogen-doped porous carbon material derived from metal–organic gel for small biomolecular sensing
Authors: Shih Yung-Han , Chen Jian-Hong , Lin Yaling , Chen Hsin-Tsung , Lin Chia-Her , Huang Hsi-Ya
Published: April 2017

A template strategy for fabricating N-doped porous carbon derived from MOG is demonstrated as a matrix for sensing small biomolecules.
Self-electrochemiluminescence of CdTe nanocrystals capped with 2-diethylaminoethanethiol
Authors: Han Ting-Ting , Dong Hao , Ren Lu-Lu , Bao Ning , Wu Wenzhuo , Ding Shou-Nian
Published: April 2017

The self-electrochemiluminescence of CdTe nanocrystals capped with 2-diethylaminoethanethiol was achieved via protective reagent exchange.
DNA-supported palladium nanoparticles as a reusable catalyst for the copper- and ligand-free Sonogashira reaction
Authors: Camacho Ana Silvia , Martín-García Iris , Contreras-Celedón Claudia , Chacón-García Luis , Alonso Francisco
Published: April 2017

Palladium nanoparticles on DNA have been shown to be an effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the copper- and ligand-free Sonogashira coupling reaction of aryl iodides under mild conditions in air.
Brønsted acidic ionic liquid-catalyzed dehydrative formation of isosorbide from sorbitol: introduction of a continuous process
Authors: Deng Jie , Xu Bao-Hua , Wang Yao-Feng , Mo Xian-En , Zhang Rui , Li You , Zhang Suo-Jiang
Published: April 2017

A highly efficient synthesis of isosorbide from sorbitol was developed using Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BILs) as the catalyst for the first time.
In vitro/in vivo “peeling” of multilayered aminocarboxylate gold nanoparticles evidenced by a kinetically stable 99mTc-label
Authors: Silva Francisco , Gano Lurdes , Cabral Campello Maria Paula , Marques Rosa , Prudêncio Isabel , Zambre Ajit , Upendran Anandhi , Paulo António , Kannan Raghuraman
Published: April 2017

The BBN-Au-DTDTPA coating is selectively released upon interaction with glutathione (GSH), rendering this nanoplatform potentially useful for GSH-mediated drug delivery.
The C–OH/P–H dehydrative cross-coupling for the construction of the P–C bond under metal-free conditions
Authors: Xie Peizhong , Wang Jinyu , Fan Jing , Liu Yanan , Wo Xiangyang , Loh Teck-Peng
Published: April 2017

Herein, we report an atom-economical and environmentally benign approach for P–C bond constructionviaC–OH/P–H dehydrative cross-coupling reaction.
Enhanced extraction and biological activity of 7-hydroxymatairesinol obtained from Norway spruce knots using aqueous solutions of ionic liquids
Authors: Ferreira Ana M. , Morais Eduarda S. , Leite Ana Cláudia , Mohamadou Aminou , Holmbom Bjarne , Holmbom Thomas , Neves Bruno M. , Coutinho João A. P. , Freire Mara G. , Silvestre Armando J. D.
Published: April 2017

Biocompatible aqueous solutions of ILs rich in 7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR) can be safely used in cosmetic and nutraceutical applications.
Fabrication of durable superhydrophobic coatings on cotton fabrics with photocatalytic activity by fluorine-free chemical modification for dual-functional water purification
Authors: Singh Arun K. , Singh Jayant K.
Published: April 2017

Fluorine-free superhydrophobic coatings on cotton fabrics with photocatalytic activity.
ATRP mediated encapsulation of Gibbsite: fixation of the morphology by using a cross-linker
Authors: Loiko Olessya P. , Spoelstra Anne B. , van Herk Alexander M. , Meuldijk Jan , Heuts Johan P. A.
Published: April 2017

Gibbsite platelets were successfully encapsulated using a cross-linker in ATRP-mediated starved feed emulsion polymerisation.
Olefin cross metathesis and ring-closing metathesis in polymer chemistry
Authors: Sinclair Fern , Alkattan Mohammed , Prunet Joëlle , Shaver Michael P.
Published: April 2017

The use of olefin cross metathesis in preparing functional polymers, through either pre-functionalisation of monomers or post-polymerisation functionalisation is growing in both scope and breadth, as discussed in this review article.
Discotic columnar liquid-crystalline polymer semiconducting materials with high charge-carrier mobility via rational macromolecular engineering
Authors: Mu Bin , Hao Xingtian , Chen Jian , Li Qian , Zhang Chunxiu , Chen Dongzhong
Published: April 2017

Well-prepared side-chain discotic liquid crystal polymers with shorter spacers in ordered columnar phases are fascinating and promising cost-effective, solution-processable organic semiconducting materials for various potential optoelectronic device applications.
Thermoresponsive gels directly obtained via visible light-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly with oxygen tolerance
Authors: Ren Kaixuan , Perez-Mercader Juan
Published: April 2017

A thermoresponsive reversible hydrogel is developed by PET-RAFT mediated PISA in aqueous solution at room temperature without deoxygenation.
Recent advances in metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Liu Kaihua , Zhong Haixia , Meng Fanlu , Zhang Xinbo , Yan Junmin , Jiang Qing
Published: April 2017

The recent developments of metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for electrochemical water splitting have been comprehensively summarized.
Efficient access to chiral 1,2-amino alcohols via Ir/f-amphox-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-amino ketones
Authors: Hu Yang , Wu Weilong , Dong Xiu-Qin , Zhang Xumu
Published: April 2017

We successfully developed the iridium/f-amphox-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-amino ketones to prepare chiral 1,2-amino alcohols with excellent results.
A novel modified MIL-101-NH2 ligand for CuI-catalyzed and air promoted oxidation of secondary alcohols
Authors: Liu Hui , Ramella Daniele , Yu Peng , Luan Yi
Published: April 2017

An efficient Cu(i)/MOF ligand catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation system was developed utilizing the ligand at room temperature.
Acoustic impedance-based manipulation of elastic microspheres using travelling surface acoustic waves
Authors: Destgeer Ghulam , Jung Jin Ho , Park Jinsoo , Ahmed Husnain , Park Kwangseok , Ahmad Raheel , Sung Hyung Jin
Published: April 2017

Size-independent separation of particles is performed using difference in acoustic impedances via travelling surface acoustic waves.
Negative thermal expansion of pure and doped graphene
Authors: Mann Sarita , Kumar Ranjan , Jindal V. K.
Published: April 2017

Graphene and its derivatives distinguish themselves for their large negative thermal expansion even at temperatures as high as 1000 K.
Efficient photocatalytic dye degradation over Er-doped BiOBr hollow microspheres wrapped with graphene nanosheets: enhanced solar energy harvesting and charge separation
Authors: Liu Chuang , Dong Xiaoli , Hao Yuchen , Wang Xiuying , Ma Hongchao , Zhang Xiufang
Published: April 2017

Er-doped BiOBr hollow microspheres wrapped with graphene nanosheets realizing efficient solar energy harvesting and charge separation for dye degradation.
The effect of rigid phenoxyl substituent on the NH3-sensing properties of tetra-α-(4-tert-butylphenoxyl)-metallophthalocyanine/reduced graphene oxide hybrids
Authors: Yu Zheying , Wang Bin , Li Yong , Kang Di , Chen Zhimin , Wu Yiqun
Published: April 2017

We report an enhanced NH3 sensing material formed by functionalization of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with 1,8,15,22-tetra(4-tert-butylphenoxyl)metallophthalocyanine (TBPOMPc; M = Cu, Ni, Pb) via a solution self-assembly method based on π–π stacking interactions.
In situ ozonolysis of polypropylene during extrusion to produce long-chain branches with the aid of TMPTA
Authors: He Guang-Jian , Yuan Bing-Yu , Zheng Ting-Ting , Zhu Wen-li , Yin Xiao-Chun
Published: April 2017

The introduction of long-chain branches (LCBs) in polypropylene (PP) during the extrusion process is normally induced by peroxide chemicals which are known to cause to the formation of secondary products in the resin.
Correction: Advanced anti-corrosion coatings prepared from α-zirconium phosphate/polyurethane nanocomposites
Authors: Huang Tsao-Cheng , Lai Guan-Hui , Li Chen-En , Tsai Mei-Hui , Wang Peng-Yun , Chung Yi-Hsiu , Lin Meng-Hung
Published: April 2017

Correction for ‘Advanced anti-corrosion coatings prepared from α-zirconium phosphate/polyurethane nanocomposites’ by Tsao-Cheng Huang et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 9908–9913.
Orange, red, yellow: biosynthesis of azaphilone pigments in Monascus fungi
Authors: Chen Wanping , Chen Runfa , Liu Qingpei , He Yi , He Kun , Ding Xiaoli , Kang Lijing , Guo Xiaoxiao , Xie Nana , Zhou Youxiang , Lu Yuanyuan , Cox Russell J. , Molnár István , Li Mu , Shao Yanchun , Chen Fusheng
Published: April 2017

Each major step leading to the classical yellow, orange and red constituents of Monascus azaphilone pigments was defined.
Single particle tracking-based reaction progress kinetic analysis reveals a series of molecular mechanisms of cetuximab-induced EGFR processes in a single living cell
Authors: Kim Do-Hyeon , Kim Dong-Kyun , Zhou Kai , Park Soyeon , Kwon Yonghoon , Jeong Min Gyu , Lee Nam Ki , Ryu Sung Ho
Published: April 2017

Reaction progress kinetic analysis utilizing single molecule trajectories revealed the comprehensive molecular mechanisms of cetuximab induced EGFR endocytosis.
Quantified electrostatic preorganization in enzymes using the geometry of the electron charge density
Authors: Morgenstern Amanda , Jaszai Matthew , Eberhart Mark E. , Alexandrova Anastassia N.
Published: April 2017

The exact positions of critical points in the charge density in enzyme active sites reflects electrostatic preorganization.
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity/metal–organic framework hybrid membranes with improved interfacial interaction for high-performance CO2 separation
Authors: Wang Zhenggong , Ren Huiting , Zhang Shenxiang , Zhang Feng , Jin Jian
Published: April 2017

An interfacial design utilizing hydrogen bonds was proposed for fabricating non-defective PIMs/MOF hybrid membranes to enhance the gas separation performance.
Sustainable and surfactant-free high-throughput synthesis of highly dispersible zirconia nanocrystals
Authors: Suchomski C. , Weber D. J. , Dolcet P. , Hofmann A. , Voepel P. , Yue J. , Einert M. , Möller M. , Werner S. , Gross S. , Djerdj I. , Brezesinski T. , Smarsly B. M.
Published: April 2017

A novel sol–gel route for ZrO2 nanoparticles based on microwave heating shows an improved energy and waste balance.
A MOF-derived self-template strategy toward cobalt phosphide electrodes with ultralong cycle life and high capacity
Authors: Xia Guoliang , Su Jianwei , Li Mengsi , Jiang Peng , Yang Yang , Chen Qianwang
Published: April 2017

Here, cobalt phosphide nanoparticles encapsulated in a nitrogen-doped carbon matrix by using ZIF-67 as a self-template have been successfully synthesized and showed the potential as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Y2Si4N6C:Ce3+ carbidonitride green-yellow phosphors: novel synthesis, photoluminescence properties, and applications
Authors: Wan Jieqiong , Liu Qian , Liu Guanghui , Zhou Zhenzhen , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: April 2017

The carbidonitride Y2Si4N6C:Ce3+ green-yellow phosphor was synthesized via a novel acid-driven carbonization and carbothermal reduction nitridation method (ADC–CRN).
Spectrally-resolved UV photodesorption of CH4in pure and layered ices
Authors: Dupuy R. , Bertin M. , Féraud G. , Michaut X. , Jeseck P. , Doronin M. , Philippe L. , Romanzin C. , Fillion J.-H.
Published: April 2017

Context.Methane is among the main components of the ice mantles of interstellar dust grains, where it is at the start of a rich solid-phase chemical network. Quantification of the photon-induced desorption yield of these frozen molecules and understanding of the underlying processes is necessary to accurately model the observations and the chemical evolution of various regions of the interstellar medium.

Aims.This study aims at experimentally determining absolute photodesorption yields for the CH4molecule as a function of photon energy. The influence of the ice composition is also investigated. By studying the methane desorption from layered CH4:CO ice, indirect desorption processes triggered by the excitation of the CO molecules are monitored and quantified.

Methods.Tunable monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV) light from the DESIRS beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron is used in the 7–13.6 eV (177–91 nm) range to irradiate pure CH4or layers of CH4deposited on top of CO ice samples. The release of species in the gas phase is monitored by quadrupole mass spectrometry, and absolute photodesorption yields of intact CH4are deduced.

Results.CH4photodesorbs for photon energies higher than ~9.1 eV (~136 nm). The photodesorption spectrum follows the absorption spectrum of CH4, which confirms a desorption mechanism mediated by electronic transitions in the ice. When it is deposited on top of CO, CH4desorbs between 8 and 9 eV with a pattern characteristic of CO absorption, indicating desorption induced by energy transfer from CO molecules.

Conclusions.The photodesorption of CH4from pure ice in various interstellar environments is around 2.0 ± 1.0 × 10-3molecules per incident photon. Results on CO-induced indirect desorption of CH4provide useful insights for the generalization of this process to other molecules co-existing with CO in ice mantles.
A novel online gait optimization approach for biped robots with point-feet
Authors: Anjidani Majid , Jahed Motlagh M.R. , Fathy M. , Nili Ahmadabadi M.
Published: April 2017

Designing a stable walking gait for biped robots with point-feet is stated as a constrained nonlinear optimization problem which is normally solved by an offline numerical optimization method. On the result of an unknown modeling error or environment change, the designed gait may be ineffective and an online gait improvement is impossible after the optimization. In this paper, we apply Generalized Path Integral Stochastic Optimal Control to closed-loop model of planar biped robots with point-feet which leads to an online Reinforcement Learning algorithm to design the walking gait. We study the ability of the proposed method to adapt the controller of RABBIT, which is a planar biped robot with point-feet, for stable walking. The simulation results show that the method, starting a dynamically unstable initial gait, quickly compensates the modeling error and reaches to a walking with exponential stability and desired features in a new situation which was impossible by the past methods.
Convenient Phenacene Synthesis by Sequentially Performed Wittig­ Reaction and Mallory Photocyclization Using Continuous-Flow Techniques
Authors: Okamoto Hideki , Takahashi Haruhiko , Takane Takamitsu , Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Kakiuchi Kiyomi , Gohda Shin , Yamaji Minoru
Published: April 2017

Various phenacenes possessing chrysene, picene, and fulminene frameworks were prepared by using a continuous-flow synthetic protocol in which Wittig reaction affording diarylethenes and their Mallory­ photocyclization producing phenacene skeletons were sequentially performed. The Wittig reaction solution, containing the diaryl­ethene obtained from an arylaldehyde and an arylmethyltriphenylphosphonium salt, was mixed with an iodine solution in the flow system and, subsequently, the solution was subjected to the photoreaction. Desired phenacenes were obtained with high to moderate chemical yield. For the present protocol, isolation of the intermediary diarylethene, which is the key precursor of the phenacene, is unnecessary. The approach provides a convenient method to supply a variety of phenacene samples, which are needed for initial systematic surveys in material science.
Infection Rate in 1033 Elective Neurosurgical Procedures at a University Hospital in South China
Authors: Zhu Hongwei , Liu Xiyao , Wang Zhanxiang
Published: April 2017

Objective Infection following surgery is a serious complication, especially in neurosurgery. The aim of the study is to report the change of incidence rates of infection in patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures at a university hospital in South China as well as the risk factors.

Material and Methods The medical records and postoperative courses for patients undergoing 1,033 neurosurgical procedures from 2008 to 2014 were reviewed retrospectively to determine the incidence of neurosurgical infection, the identity of the offending organisms, and the factors associated with infection.

Results A total of 33 patients (40 cases) experienced postoperative infection representing 3.19% of the study population. Twenty cases were incision infections (1.94%), and 20 were cranial/spinal infections (1.94%) including 15 intracranial infections and 5 intraspinal infections. The 2.4-fold greater incidence of postoperative infection in 2008 to 2010 was compared with that in 2011 to 2014 with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (p <0.01). The neurosurgical procedure associated with the highest rate of infection was cranioplasty (6.85%); the lowest rate of infection was associated with functional neurosurgery (1.08%). The most common offending organism was Staphylococcus aureus (27.5%). Foreign body implantation, operative time > 4 hours, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak (13 infections in 158 patients; p <0.001) were risk factors for infections (p <0.05).

Conclusion The neurosurgical infection rate is usually low with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis even in developing countries. Less foreign body implantation, shorter operative times, and controlling CSF leak could reduce infection rates.
Tomographical Findings in Adult Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Revision
Authors: Socher Jan , Mello Jonas , Baltha Barbara
Published: April 2017

Introduction Many patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery still have an uncontrolled clinical disease in the late post-operative period. Up to 11.4% of the patients will require a revision surgery. Findings such as the residual uncinated process and the lateralization of the middle turbinate were considered by some studies as being responsible for failure in the primary surgery.

Objectives To describe the tomographical findings in adult patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery, the profile of those patients, and verify the mucosal thickening level of the paranasal sinus.

Methods Data were collected from medical records and computed tomography reports of 28 patients undergoing revision sinus surgery on a private service in the city of Blumenau between 2007 and 2014. The score of Lund-Mackay was used to verify the mucosal thickening level.

Results Among the 28 patients, 23 were reoperated once, 3 were reoperated twice, and 2 were reoperated 3 times. The most relevant findings were mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus (89.28%), deviated septum (75%), thickening of the ethmoid (50%) and sphenoidal sinuses (39.28%), and pneumatization of the middle turbinate (39.28%). The average obtained in the Lund-Mackay score was 5.71, with most patients classified in the lower range of punctuation.

Conclusion The analysis of the computed tomography scans showed persistent structures that may be responsible for the failure of the primary surgery. Computed tomography is a useful tool to plan the surgery and quantify the post-operative success.
Diagnostic Validity of Patient-Reported History for Shoulder Pathology
Authors: Somerville Lyndsay , Willits Kevin , Johnson Andrew , Litchfield Robert , LeBel Marie-Eve , Moro Jaydeep , Bryant Dianne
Published: April 2017

Objective The purpose of this article is to determine whether patient-reported history items are predictive of shoulder pathology and have the potential for use in triaging patients with shoulder pathology to orthopaedic outpatient clinics.

Setting It is set at two tertiary orthopaedic clinics.

Patients All new patients reporting pain and/or disability of the shoulder joint were prospectively recruited. A total of 193 patients were enrolled, 15 of whom withdrew, leaving 178 patients composing the study sample.

Design Patients completed a questionnaire on the history of their pathology, then the surgeon took a thorough history indicating the most likely diagnosis. The clinician then performed appropriate physical examination. Arthroscopy was the reference standard for those undergoing surgery and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with arthrogram for all others. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) of history items alone and in combination. We used the LRs to generate a clinical decision algorithm.

Main Outcome Measures Diagnosis was determined through arthroscopy or MRI arthrogram. Reporting was standardized to ensure review of all structures.

Results The physical examination and history agreed in 75% of cases. Of those that did not agree, the physical examination misdirected the diagnosis in 47% of our cases. In particular, history items were strong predictors of anterior and posterior instability and subscapularis tears and were combined in a tool to be utilized for screening patients.

Conclusion The patient-reported history items were effective for diagnosing shoulder pathology and should be considered for use in a triaging instrument.
Clinical Variability in Familial X-Linked Ohdo Syndrome–Maat-Kievit-Brunner Type with MED12 Mutation
Authors: Somashekar Puneeth , Shukla Anju , Siddaiah Satish , Bhat Venkatraman , Girisha Katta , Rao Pooja , Patil Siddaramappa
Published: April 2017

Ohdo syndrome–Maat-Kievit-Brunner (OSMKB) type is an X-linked recessive disorder, a subtype of blepharophimosis-intellectual disability syndromes caused by mutations in the mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) gene. Here we report a familial OSMKB type with two affected siblings and mutation in MED12 gene.
Subjektiver Informationsstand und Informationsbedürfnisse von Versicherten mit bewilligtem Rehabilitationsantrag und Rehabilitanden am Ende der Rehabilitation Ergebnisse einer schriftlichen Befragung
Authors: Walther Anna , Schreiber Dora , Falk Johannes , Deck Ruth
Published: April 2017

Ziel der Studie Erfasst wurden der subjektive Informationsstand und die Informationsbedürfnisse von Versicherten mit bewilligtem Rehabilitationsantrag und von Rehabilitanden am Ende der Rehabilitation hinsichtlich Inhalte und Art der Informationsvermittlung.

Methodik Schriftliche Befragung von N=283 Versicherten mit bewilligtem Rehabilitationsantrag und N=388 Rehabilitanden am Ende der Rehabilitation.

Ergebnisse Beide Versichertengruppen berichteten ein hohes Informationsbedürfnis insbesondere zu Behandlungen während der Rehabilitation, zu Nachsorgeangeboten und zu Rehabilitationszielen. Als Art der Informationsvermittlung präferierten beide Gruppen ein Gespräch mit ihrem Arzt, eine Broschüre und eine Website.

Schlussfolgerung Die Berücksichtigung der Aspekte, zu denen sich beide Versichertengruppen Informationen wünschen und der Präferenzen zur Art der Informationsvermittlung können einen wertvollen Beitrag für die Erstellung bedarfsgerechter Informationsmaterialien leisten.
Herausforderungen einer diversitätssensiblen Versorgung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Brzoska P. , Razum O.
Published: April 2017

Diversitätsmerkmale wie Geschlecht, Migrationshintergrund und sozioökonomischer Status gehen in der Gesundheitsversorgung mit unterschiedlichen Bedürfnissen und Erwartungen einher. In der Rehabilitation werden sie nicht genügend und vor allem nicht flächendeckend berücksichtigt. Dies kann sich nachteilig auf Versorgungsergebnisse auswirken. Um die rehabilitative Versorgung zu optimieren, ist es dabei nicht ausreichend, nur einzelne Diversitätsmerkmale wie den Migrationshintergrund aufzugreifen – einerseits, weil Versorgungsnutzerinnen und -nutzer durch eine Vielzahl von Diversitätsmerkmalen charakterisiert sind; andererseits, weil Diversitätsmerkmale miteinander interagieren. Diversity Management ermöglicht es, Rahmenbedingungen in Versorgungseinrichtungen zu schaffen, die es erlauben, der Verschiedenheit aller Versorgungsnutzerinnen und -nutzer Rechnung zu tragen. Hierdurch kann die Versorgung insgesamt nutzerorientierter gestaltet werden.
Tumorassoziierte Fatigue in der onkologischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Kuhnt Susanne , Szalai Carina , Erdmann-Reusch Bianca , Kubel Conrad , Boehncke Anna , Hoffmann Wilfried , Mehnert Anja , Weis Joachim
Published: April 2017

In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird die Prävalenz von Fatigue in der stationären Rehabilitation beschrieben und der Zusammenhang mit der krebsspezifischen Behandlung untersucht.

In einer multizentrischen Studie wurden Patienten mit unterschiedlichen Krebserkrankungen (27% Brustkrebs, 17% Prostatakrebs u. a.) mittels des Multidimensional-Fatigue-Inventory (MFI-20) befragt (N=693).

51% der Patienten erlebten moderate bis schwere Fatigue (n=356). Patienten mit hämato-onkologischen Tumoren, Tumoren der weiblichen Gentalorgane und der Haut gaben die höchsten Belastungen an. Fatigue ist signifikant erhöht gegenüber der Allgemeinbevölkerung (p≤0,001). Einen substantiellen Einfluss auf Fatigue hat die Kombination aus Operation und Bestrahlung (p≤0,05).

Die hohe Prävalenz von Fatigue erfordert es, alle Patienten zu Beginn der Rehabilitation auf Fatigue zu screenen und Fatigue nach differenzialdiagnostischer Abklärung fest in die Behandlungspläne zu integrieren.
Perspektiven einer Teilhabeorientierten Psychotherapie in Anlehnung an Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rehabilitationswissenschaften (DGRW)
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Bengel Jürgen , Morfeld Matthias , Worringen Ulrike
Published: April 2017

Psychische Erkrankungen, wie rezidivierende affektive Störungen, Persönlichkeitsstörungen oder auch psychotische Erkrankungen, gehen für die betroffenen Menschen häufig mit anhaltenden Beeinträchtigungen im alltäglichen Leben einher. Daher spielt bei ihrer psychotherapeutischen Behandlung – unabhängig ob stationär oder ambulant – die Rehabilitations- bzw. Teilhabeorientierung im Sinne des SGB IX eine bedeutsame Rolle. Teilhabeorientierte Behandlung hat zum Ziel, dass ein Patient auch mit einer chronischen Erkrankung in beruflichen und sozialen Lebensbezügen integriert sein soll. Behinderung im Sinne der krankheitsbedingten Beeinträchtigung in bestimmten Lebensbereichen soll überwunden werden. In der alltäglichen Psychotherapiepraxis sind teilhabe- und rehabilitationsorientierte Inhalte bei psychischen Erkrankungen seit jeher von großer Bedeutung. Um in der Psychotherapie das Teilhabemodell nutzbar zu machen, ist eine verfahrensübergreifende Orientierung am biopsychosozialen Krankheitsverständnis sinnvoll, welches der Internationalen Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) zugrunde liegt. Kenntnisse über die Vielfalt medizinischer, beruflicher und sozialer Rehabilitationsmöglichkeiten im deutschen Sozialversicherungssystem sind notwendig, um eine teilhabeorientierte Psychotherapie bei chronisch kranken Patienten durchzuführen zu können.