bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Straight versus modular nail: Analysis of mechanical properties two knee arthrodesis methods.
Authors: Białecki Jerzy , Para Marcin , Sobolewski Andrzej , Kogut Maciej , Bartosz Paweł
Published: June 2020

Background Complications after arthroplasty often result in irreversible disability. In some cases for the extremity to be salvaged, the permanent knee joint arthrodesis is the last-chance procedure. Modular implant design simplifies surgical technique but modularity may potentially compromise mechanical strength of an implant. Mechanical properties of the implant are particularly important in case of knee arthrodesis without bone-on-bone contact where forces during gait and weight bearing are transmitted directly through the nail. The aim of this article was to perform comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of modular nail CHARFIX2 FN, when compared to the femoral nail, used for knee arthrodesis; and to analyze the effectiveness of treatment with use of this nail based on the observations of clinical cases. Methods Comparative analysis of: the static 4-point bending test, dynamic 4-point bending test and static torsion test. All tests were performed in accordance with requirements of ASTM F 1264. A clinical analysis of 5 cases, in which CHARFIX2 FN nails were used, was also performed. Results Based on the results of mechanical tests, the strength characteristics of CHARFIX2 FN nail have been found superior and more advantageous than corresponding features of the standard femoral nail. For CHARFIX2 FN nail, the median for flexural stiffness was almost 4 times higher and for maximum torque value was almost 2 times higher when compared to the femoral nail. Observations of the clinical cases gave satisfactory results. Conclusions The obtained mechanical tests present significant differences between CHARFIX2 FN and the femoral nail in mechanical strength and, therefore, its improved stability and safety for patients during walking. It can be used for permanent knee immobilization with satisfactory clinical results. The functional outcomes and subjective measurements of pain in patients treated with CHARFIX2 FN group are satisfying.
Pgrn Alleviates Cerebral Amyloid-β Burden and Cognitive Impairments via Mediating Neuroinflammation
Authors: Xu Wei , Tan Chen-Chen , Cao Xi-Peng , Yu Jin-Tai , Tan Lan
Published: June 2020

Background: Both progranulin (PGRN) and neuroinflammatory activities increased over the course of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we set out to determine if cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PGRN could be a marker of neuroinflammation, and if so, how it contributed to AD pathogenesis and cognitive impairments. Methods: A total of 965 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were grouped within the framework of A-T-N biomarker profile and clinical stage. Causal mediation analyses with 10,000 bootstrapped iterations were conducted to explore the mediation effects of neuroinflammatory markers on the associations of PGRN with amyloid burden indicated by CSF β-amyloid (Aβ) levels. The longitudinal influences of PGRN on cognition were tested. Results: Increases of CSF PGRN and multiple neuroinflammatory markers (sTNFR1, sTNFR2, TGF-β1, VCAM1, and ICAM1) were associated with tau-related neurodegeneration, but not with Aβ pathology. PGRN was positively linked with these neuroinflammatory markers only in the presence of tau pathologies (TN+). In TN+ profile, PGRN was associated with higher CSF Aβ42 via mediating neuroinflammatory markers and could also predict slower cognitive decline. The abovementioned associations became non-significant in TN- profile. Conclusions: PGRN could protect against Aβ pathology and cognitive impairments via modulating neuroinflammation that occurs with neuronal injuries.
Antimalarial Activity of Curcuma Caesia Against 3D7 and K1 Strains of Plasmodium Falciparum
Authors: Chaturvedi Monika , Rani Reena , Sharma Dushyant , Yadav Jaya Parkash
Published: June 2020

Background: Malaria is a severe and sometimes mortal tropical disease that spreads through parasites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate in vitro and in-silicoantiplasmodial potential of Curcuma caesia extracts against Plasmodium falciparum.Methods: Lack of a vaccine and the widespread resistance to antimalarial drugs have resulted in emphasis on novel antimalarial drugs development. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Curcuma caesia were prepared and analysed for their antiplasmodial activity against Chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (K1) strains of P. falciparumusingfluorescence-based SYBR Green assay. The cytotoxicity tests were carried out using the verocell lines by MTT assay.The phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase enzyme ((PfPMT) essential for growth of Plasmodium falciparum was used as protein target for in-silicostudy.Result: Curcuma caesia ethyl acetate extracts showedpotentantiplasmodial activitywith IC50 values of 3.37 µg/ml and 1.53 µg/ml against 3D7 and K1 strain respectively.Docking results show that β-selinenol an oxygenized sesquiterpene had the free binding energy of -6.76 Kcal/mol.Conclusion: Sesquiterpene present in the Curcuma caesia extract was responsible for antimalarial potential analyzed by molecular modeling. The present findings, however preliminary in nature. Further studies are required to proven the antimalarial efficacy C. caesia by isolating the active compounds and in vivo mechanism study that may contribute to more effective development of antimalarial drugs in the future.
How Useful are Malaria Risk Maps at the Country Level? Perceptions of Decision-Makers in Kenya, Malawi and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Ghilardi Ludovica , Okello George , Nyondo-Mipando Linda , Chirambo Chawanangwa Mahebere , Malongo Fathy , Hoyt Jenna , Lee Jieun , Sedekia Yovitha , Parkhurst Justin , Lines Jo , Snow Robert W , Lynch Caroline A. , Webster Jayne
Published: June 2020

Background Declining malaria prevalence and pressure on external funding have increased the need for efficiency in malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Modelled Plasmodium falciparum parasite rate (PfPR) maps are increasingly becoming available and provide information on the epidemiological situation of countries. However, how these maps are understood or used for national malaria planning is rarely explored. In this study the practices and perceptions of national decision-makers on the utility of malaria risk maps, showing prevalence of parasitaemia or incidence of illness, was investigated.Methods A document review of recent National Malaria Strategic Plans was combined with 64 in-depth interviews with stakeholders in Kenya, Malawi and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The document review focused on the type of epidemiological maps included and their use in prioritising and targeting interventions. Interviews (14 Kenya, 17 Malawi, 27 DRC, 6 global level) explored drivers of stakeholder perceptions of the utility, value and limitations of malaria risk maps.Results Three different types of maps were used to show malaria epidemiological strata: malaria prevalence using a PfPR modelled map (Kenya); malaria incidence using routine health system data (Malawi); and malaria prevalence using data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DRC). In Kenya the map was used to target preventative interventions including long lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) and intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), whilst in Malawi and DRC the maps were used to target in-door residual spraying (IRS) and LLINs distributions in schools. Maps were also used for operational planning, supply quantification, financial justification and advocacy. Findings from the interviews suggested that decision-makers lacked trust in the modelled PfPR maps when based on only a few empirical data points (Malawi and DRC).Conclusions Maps were generally used to identify areas with high prevalence in order to implement specific interventions. Despite the availability of national level modelled PfPR maps in all three countries, they were only used in one country. Perceived utility of malaria risk maps was associated with the epidemiological structure of the country and use was driven by perceived need, understanding (quality and relevance), ownership and trust in the data used to develop the maps.
Coronavirus disease 2019 may be driven by an overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Authors: Rysz Susanne , Al-Saadi Jonathan , Farm Maria , Jalde Francesca Campoccia , Klein Margareta , Vargas-Paris Roberto , Nyrén Sven , Abdula Goran , Ouellette Russell , Granberg Tobias , Fagerlund Malin Jonsson , Lundberg Johan
Published: June 2020

SARS-CoV-2 enters the cell through the ACE2 receptor, which is considered one of the main inhibitors in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS).1​ ,2 The virus has been shown to downregulate the ACE2 receptor, leading to a subsequent increase in the vasopressoragentangiotensinII.3​ Evidently,criticalcoronavirusdisease2019(COVID-19)is thought to be due to a dysregulated immune response, causing a cytokine-release syndrome eventually leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).4​ ,5 ​However, several reports on clinical laboratory features and case-descriptions of critically ill patients with COVID-19 show discrepancies compared to typical ARDS. Here, we show that infusing swines with angiotensin II induces a pathophysiological syndrome closely resembling that of patients with RT-PCR-positive COVID-19. By using multimodal clinical imaging of patients, comparing laboratory data and translational histological features, we show that it is highly likely that an increase in RAAS is one, if not the main, pathogenic feature in critical COVID-19. Furthermore, it is plausible that this large animal model can be used to screen for potential new treatments for patients with severe COVID-19 and that MRI lung perfusion can be used to evaluate the outcome of potential treatments targeting the pathophysiological syndrome.
Analysis of 4 imaging features in patients with COVID-19
Authors: JIN JUN , Gao De-hong , Mo Xin , Tan Si-ping , Kou Zhen-xia , Chen Yi-bo , Cao Jin-bo , Chen Wen-jing , Zhang Ya-ming , Li Bing-qing , Huang Kuan-long , Xu Bing-ren , Tang Xiao-li , Wang Yu-li
Published: June 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze 4 chest CT imaging features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenzhen, China in order to improve the diagnosis of COVID-19 . Methods: Chest CT of 34 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by the nucleic acid test (NAT) were retrospectively analyzed. A nalyses were performed to investigate the pathological basis of 4 imaging features ( “feather sign” , “dandelion sign” , “pomegranate sign”, and “rime sign” ) and to summarize the follow-up results. Results: There were 22 patients (65.2 %) with typical “feather sign”, and 18 (52.9 %) with “dandelion sign”; few patients had “pomegranate sign”, and “rime sign”. The“feather sign” and “dandelion sign” were composed of stripe or round ground-glass opacity ( GGO ) , thickened blood vessels, and small-thickened interlobular septa. The “pomegranate sign” can be characterized as follows: the range of GGO further increases, the thickening of the interlobular septum become more significant, complicated with a small amount of punctate alveolar hemorrhage . The “rime sign” is characterized by numerous alveolar edema. Microscopically, the wall thickening, small vascular proliferation, luminal stenosis, and occlusion are seen, accompanied by interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, as well as numerous pulmonary interstitial fibrosis and partial hyaline degeneration. Repeated chest CT revealed the mediastinal lymphadenectasis in one patient. Re-examination of the NAT showed another positive anal swab in two patients . Conclusion: “Feather sign” and “dandelion sign” were typical chest CT features of COVID-19; “pomegranate sign” was an atypical feature, and “rime sign” was a severe feature . In clinical work, accurate identification of various chest CT signs in can help to improve the diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 and reduce the misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis rate.
The Study on Serum Urate acid Target for Retarding Renal function to Worse in Diabetes
Authors: Ding Heyuan , Qian Yingjun , Wu Qing , Fan Weifeng , Niu Jianying , Gu Yong , Qin Qiaojing
Published: June 2020

Background: It’s unclear the exact level of serum urate acid (SUA) which can prevent renal function worse although all internists has been known the target of blood glucose, blood pressure and lipid in diabetes. It’s time to aim for a reasonable SUA target to prevent renal failure in diabetes.Methods: Using the physical examination results of 3427 diabetic patients in Jiangchuan Community, Shanghai, China, the relationship between SUA and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline was analyzed, and the appropriate cut-off point for SUA to predict eGFR decline was determined. Meanwhile, the population attributable risk proportion (PARP) of eGFR decline in diabetic patients above this SUA cut-off point was calculated. Results: eGFR decreased accompany with the increased SUA level and was negatively associated with the level of SUA significantly. After adjusting for potential confounders, SUA also was an independent risk factor of eGFR decline. The best appropriate SUA point, predicting eGFR decline obtained by ROC curve, was 326.5μmol/L which may prevent from eGFR decline in 33% male patients and 355.5μmol/L which may prevent from eGFR decline in 18% female patients. Compared with SUA>326.5μmol/L male and SUA>355.5μmol/L female group respectively, the relative risk of eGFR decline in SUA≤326.5μmol/L male and SUA≤355.5μmol/L female group is decreased significantly. Conclusions: SUA is an impotant risk factor for eGFR decline in diabetes. 326.5μmol/L in male and 355.5μmol/L in female may be used as the reasonable SUA target to retard renal function to worse in Chinese diabetes.
Chemokine Receptor Inhibitor vMIP-II Promoting Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients and Its Related Mechanism In Vitro
Authors: Li Shiyu , Wang Yuzhe , Feng Lixia , Jiang Zhenyou , Cong Feng , Chen Youyu , Dai Zhenning , Liu Shuting , Zhu Shitao , Fei Zhengbin , Xu Yichao , Mo Xuemei , Shi Shanshan , Zheng Xiao , Xu Anding , Gao Yong , Huang Wenhua , Zhang Nuofu , Sun Hanxiao
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) accompanies severe immune injury as well as a decrease and overactivation of T lymphocytes. We observed that vMIP-Ⅱ, a broad-spectrum chemokine receptor inhibitor, could improve the lymphocyte decrease of COVID-19. Comparisons of T cell populations in PBMCs showed that the effects of vMIP-II on the subsets of T cells and cytokine secretion stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 S protein were the same as those in the asymptomatic infection group: the proportion of CD8+ TCM cells in the vMIP-II treatment and asymptomatic groups was significantly higher than that in the symptomatic control group. Differential gene expression of effector CD8+ T cells suggested that vMIP-II inhibits multiple chemokine receptors and related signal pathway and strengthens their stem proliferating capacity. Thus, vMIP-II reconstitutes cellular immunity lost due to acute infection of SARS-CoV-2 by modulating effector CD8+ T cells to produce more TCM cells.
A Novel Amplification-free SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-care Nucleic Acid Detection System based on Hybrid Capture Fluorescence Immunoassay
Authors: Wang Daming , He Shaogui , Wang Xiaohui , Chen Min , Li Li , Lei Yang , Zhang Jieli , Zhang Liwei , Hu Xiao , Zheng Xinhui , Bai Jiawei , Song Mingxuan , Tang Yuguo
Published: June 2020

Herein we presented a novel, rapid and amplification-free SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection system based on hybrid capture fluorescence immunoassay (HC-FIA) technology. The usage of the monoclonal antibody S9.6 in recognizing DNA-RNA double-stranded hybrids enabled the conversion of nucleic acid testing into immunofluorescence carrying on a simple lateral flow dipstick. The established HC-FIA also exhibited satisfactory sensitivity, specificity and great robustness. The clinical evaluation of HC-FIA kit and fluorescence reading device are further processed in three hospitals independently. The results of 734 samples from 670 subjects indicated high consistency between our HC-FIA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction based commercially available kit or clinical diagnosis according to Kappa statistics. Altogether, HC-FIA related method and commercial test kit show unparalleled advantages as time saving, amplification-free, high throughput and portable POCT molecular diagnosis, which facilitates its application as on-site Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid detection in epidemic prevention and control worldwide, especially during the outbreak.
Синтез заполненных карбидом вольфрама многостенных углеродных нанотрубок в атмосферной плазме дугового разряда постоянного тока
Authors: Пак А. Я. , Васильева Ю. З.
Published: June 2020

Показана возможность синтеза многостенных углеродных нанотрубок в плазме дугового разряда постоянного тока, инициированного в открытой воздушной среде. Процесс синтеза реализован в полости графитового катода, в которой в качестве катализатора присутствует порошок вольфрама. Применяемый метод реализуется за счет генерации газообразного оксида углерода СО, экранирующего реакционную зону от кислорода воздуха, предотвращая окисление продуктов синтеза. Согласно данным рентгеновской дифрактометрии синтезированные порошковые материалы содержат более чем 85 об. % углеродных кристаллических фаз с графитоподобной структурой, а также содержат кубическую фазу вольфрама, две фазы карбида вольфрама WC и W2C. Согласно результатам просвечивающей электронной микроскопии продукт синтеза содержит углеродные нанотрубки, особенностью которых можно считать относительно большое количество слоев (до ~50 шт.) при диаметре до ~100 нм и длине до ~1.5 мкм. При этом внутри углеродных нанотрубок идентифицируются кристаллические объекты, соответствующие по структуре карбиду вольфрама WC.
Электродуговой синтез материала на основе графита и карбида молибдена
Authors: Пак А. Я. , Кононенко П. Н.
Published: June 2020

Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований синтеза карбида молибдена в плазме дугового разряда постоянного тока безвакуумным методом. Установлено влияние амплитуды тока разрядного контура на фазовый состав продукта синтеза. Продукт синтеза содержит микроразмерную компоненту и наноразмерную. В составе микроразмерной составляющей методами растровой электронной микроскопии и рентгеновской дифрактометрии идентифицированы углеродные волокна со структурой графита, а также модифицированные волокна, содержащие графит и карбид молибдена. Наноразмерная компонента содержит скопления частиц, представляющих собой графитовую матрицу, в которую погружены частицы карбида молибдена.
Показатели яровой пшеницы в ответ на обработку семян наночастицами металлов
Authors: Давыдова Н. В. , Замана С. П. , Крохмаль И. И. , Резеткин А. М. , Романова Е. С. , Ольховская И. П. , Богословская О. А. , Яблоков А. Г. , Глущенко Н. Н.
Published: June 2020

Применение передовых нанотехнологий является одним из основных путей повышения урожайности зерновых культур для удовлетворения растущего мирового спроса на продовольствие. Изучено влияние наночастиц (НЧ) Fe и Zn на прорастание семян, рост проростков яровой мягкой пшеницы (Triticumaestivum L.) сорта Злата, анатомические изменения листа, урожайность, качество зерна и микроэлементный состав почвы после уборки урожая. Установлено, что предпосевная обработка семян композицией НЧ железа в концентрации 10 -5 %, НЧ цинка в концентрации 10 -4 % способствует повышению на 27% показателя энергии прорастания семян и массы корней по сравнению с контролем. Наибольшие высота растений (на 8.2%) и зеленая масса (на 8.5%) наблюдаются в варианте опыта при предпосевной обработке семян НЧ цинка. Площадь листьев при предпосевной обработке семян НЧ железа и НЧ цинка увеличивается на 18.2 и 33% соответственно. Наибольший показатель удельной площади листьев (на 28% выше контроля), рассчитанный как соотношение площади листа к сухой массе, установлен для листьев пшеницы при обработке семян НЧ цинка. Предпосевная обработка семян НЧ Fe и НЧ Zn индивидуально или в композиции приводит к изменению анатомических параметров (толщина листа, мезофилла, эпидермиса, площади проводящего пучка), превышая значения контрольной группы растений, семена которой обработаны водой, и снижая эти показатели по сравнению с листьями, семена которых обработаны полимерами. Оценка структуры урожая пшеницы и качества зерна при предпосевной обработке семян композицией НЧ металлов свидетельствует об увеличении массы тысячи зерен (на 1.9 г выше контроля) при большей озерненности колоса. Предпосевная обработка семян яровой пшеницы НЧ Fe : НЧ Zn способствовала увеличению подвижных форм железа, цинка, меди, фосфора в почве после уборки урожая.
Активность наночастиц никеля с определенными физическими свойствами в отношении возбудителей имплантат-ассоциированных инфекций
Authors: Мамонова И. А. , Бабушкина И. В. , Матасов М. Д. , Ульянов В. Ю.
Published: June 2020

Широкое распространение антибиотикорезистентных штаммов микроорганизмов требует поиска новых средств, имеющих антибактериальную активность. Антибактериальное действие наночастиц металлов в основном посвящено ультрадисперсным порошкам серебра и меди. Антимикробная активность наночастиц никеля изучена недостаточно. Известны данные, указывающие на зависимость антибактериальной активности наночастиц металлов от их физико-химических характеристик. Проведено изучение основных физико-химических характеристик наночастиц никеля. На поверхности наночастиц металла обнаружено наличие оксидной пленки, которая обеспечивает пролонгированное действие вещества. Установлено, что наночастицы никеля образовывали агломераты крупных размеров (1145.00 ± 89.60 нм). Размер отдельных наночастиц составил 80.51 ± 2.21 нм. Проведено изучение влияния наночастиц никеля на клинические штаммыStaphylococcusepidermidisиEscherichiacoli. Установлен выраженный антибактериальный эффект наночастиц металлов, зависящий от их концентрации и времени воздействия. Изучение ζ-потенциала клеток микроорганизмов подтвердило адгезию наночастиц металла на поверхности микробной клетки за счет возникшего электростатического напряжения. Проведена оценка влияния наночастиц никеля на метаболизм клеток грамотрицательных и грамположительных микроорганизмов, установлено снижение сахаролитической активности клинических штаммовE. coli, а также уменьшение количества штаммовS. epidermidis, способных редуцировать нитраты в нитриты.
Development Strategy of Earthenware Craft Business Group with Analytic Network Process Approach
Authors: Ismail Khafid , Prajanti Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika , Widiyanto Widiyanto
Published: June 2020

Abstract                                                 This study aims to develop a strategy for developing Earthenware Craft Business Group in Kasongan Tourism Village. This research method uses mix methods, used namely primary and secondary data. The analytical method used is the Analytic Network Process (ANP) analysis. The results showed that the priority order of the first criteria was the aspect of sales with a value weight of 49.3 %%, followed by the business actor aspect with a value weight of 31%, and the aspects of business products with a value weight of 19.5%. The finding of this research is that the sales aspect is a priority aspect to be developed. From the final results the determination of priorities obtained three main priorities namely aspects of product innovation with a weight of 39.16%, partnership with a weight of 38.81% and training with a weight of 36.32%. Keywords: earthenware, business, kasongan, analytic network process  Strategi Pengembangan Kelompok Usaha Kerajinan Gerabah  Dengan Pendekatan Analytic Network Process AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun strategi pengembangan kelompok usaha kerajinan gerabah di Desa Wisata Kasongan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan ada dua yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis Analytic Network Process (ANP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan prioritas dari kriteria tersebut yang pertama adalah aspek penjualan dengan bobot nilai sebesar 49,3%%, selanjutnya diikuti oleh aspek pelaku usaha dengan bobot nilai sebesar 31 %, dan aspek produk usaha dengan bobot nilai sebesar 19,5%. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah aspek penjualan adalah aspek yang diprioritaskan untuk dikembangkan. Dari hasil akhir penentuan prioritas diperoleh tiga prioritas utama yaitu aspek inovasi produk dengan bobot 39,16%, kemitraan dengan bobot 38,81% dan pelatihan dengan bobot 36,32%. Kata kunci: gerabah, kasongan, kerajinan, pengembanganKeywords: Earthenware, Business, Kasongan, Analytic Network Process
Determinan of Exchange Market Pressure in ASEAN Inflation Targeting Countries
Authors: Gusmanita Lisa , Effendi Nury , Kurniawan Rudi
Published: June 2020

Abstract: The global economic turmoil on domestic economy was seen in 1997/1998 crisis which led to Thailand, Philippines and Indonesia implementing Inflation Targeting (IT). Empirically, IT was able to reduce  foreign exchange market pressure but crisis occurred again in 2008 and large foreign exchange market pressure in 2018. This study uses Exchange Market Pressure (EMP) to examines foreign exchange market pressure in ASEAN IT countries. According to Panday (2015), EMP is percentage change in exchange rate, foreign exchange reserve, interest rate or combinations. This study aims to find determinant of EMP which can be used by monetary authority controlling pressure on foreign exchange market. Panel data analysis during 2010.Q1-2018.Q4 shows that domestic credit has significant negatively effect to EMP which indicates that domestic credit growth is in line with  increasing  net capital flows. Current account and US inflation have significant negatively effect while real GDP does not have significant.Keywords: Exchange Market Pressure, EMP, Exchange Rate, Monetary PolicyDeterminan Exchange Market Pressure Negara Inflation Targeting di ASEANAbstrak: Gejolak perekonomian global terhadap perekonomian domestik terlihat pada krisis 1997/1998 yang menyebabkan Thailand, Filipina dan Indonesia menerapkan Inflation Targeting (IT). Secara empiris, IT mampu menurunkan tekanan pasar valas akan tetapi krisis kembali terjadi di 2008 dan tekanan pasar valas yang besar di 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Exchange Market Pressure (EMP) untuk melihat seberapa besar tekanan terhadap pasar valas negara IT di ASEAN. Menurut Panday (2015), EMP adalah persentase perubahan nilai tukar, perubahan cadangan devisa, perubahan suku bunga dan atau kombinasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi EMP sehingga dapat dijadikan masukan bagi otoritas moneter dalam mengendalikan tekanan terhadap pasar valas. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel periode 2010.Q1-2018.Q4. Penelitian menunjukkan kredit domestik signifikan negatif memengaruhi EMP. Hal ini tidak sesuai teori yang mengindikasikan bahwa pertumbuhan kredit domestik sejalan dengan peningkatan net capital flows. Transaksi neraca berjalan dan inflasi AS berpengaruh signifikan negatif sedangkan PDB riil tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap EMP.Kata kunci: Exchange Market Pressure, EMP, Nilai Tukar, Kebijakan Moneter
The Role of Cognitive Skills, Non-Cognitive Skills, and Internet Use on Entrepreneurs’ Success in Indonesia
Authors: Gustina Lia , Utami Diah Ayu , Wicaksono Padang
Published: June 2020

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills, and internet use on the entrepreneur's success in Indonesia. Using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) conducted in 2014 (IFLS-5), this study observed people of 15-64 years old who work as entrepreneurs which amounted to 4.111 observations. The model used is Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression. The results showed that cognitive and non-cognitive skills will determine the entrepreneur's success by profit measure. The higher the cognitive and non-cognitive skills possessed by the entrepreneur, the higher the profit obtained. Entrepreneurs who use the internet will also get higher profits than entrepreneurs who do not use the internet. In addition, the profit earned by the entrepreneur will be even higher if: age increases, of male sex, is highly educated and is living in urban areas. Keywords: Entrepreneur, Cognitive Skills, Non-Cognitive Skills, Internet, OLS  Peran Kemampuan Kognitif dan Nonkognitif serta Penggunaan Internet terhadap Kesuksesan Wirausaha di Indonesia Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan variabel kemampuan kognitif, kemampuan nonkognitif, dan penggunaan internet terhadap kesuksesan seorang wirausaha. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) tahun 2014 (IFLS-5) dan unit analisisnya adalah individu usia 15-64 tahun yang bekerja sebagai wirausaha dengan observasi berjumlah 4.111 individu. Metode yang digunakan adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif dan nonkognitif akan menentukan kesuksesan wirausaha yang diukur dengan profit yang diperoleh. Semakin tinggi kemampuan kognitif dan nonkognitif yang dimiliki wirausaha menunjukkan profit yang diperoleh semakin tinggi. Wirausaha yang menggunakan internet juga akan memperoleh profit yang lebih tinggi dibanding wirausaha yang tidak menggunakan internet. Selain itu, profit yang diperoleh wirausaha akan semakin tinggi jika: usia semakin bertambah, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berpendidikan tinggi (SMA ke atas), dan tinggal di daerah perkotaan. Kata kunci: Wirausaha, Kemampuan Kognitif, Kemampuan Nonkognitif, Internet, OLS
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Penanaman Cemara Laut (Casuarina Equisetifolia L.) di Lahan Pasir Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bantul Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana
Authors: Purwantara Suhadi , Khotimah Nurul , Sudarsono Agus
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) persepsi masyarakat terhadap penanaman cemara di lahan pasir pantai selatan Kabupaten Bantul, (2) persepsi masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana, dan (3) persepsi masyarakat terhadap penanaman cemara laut sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di pantai selatan Kabupaten Bantul di antara Muara Sungai Opak dan Sungai Progo. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh masyarakat di wilayah Pantai Samas, Pantai Baru, Pantai Gua Cemara, Pantai Kuwaru, dan Pantai Pandansimo. Sampel penelitian ditentukan secara quota sampling, yaitu sebanyak 60 responden. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Persepsi masyarakat terhadap penanaman cemara laut di lahan pasir pantai selatan Kabupaten Bantul, yaitu sebanyak 85% responden mengatakan bahwa tanaman cemara laut memberikan manfaat baik, sedangkan sisanya 20% mengatakan manfaat sedang (2) Persepsi masyarakat terhadap mitigasi bencana, yaitu semua responden (100%) mengetahui arti bencana dan mengetahui potensi bencana di wilayahnya, dan (3) Persepsi masyarakat terhadap penanaman cemara laut sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana, yaitu sebanyak 90% responden mengatakan bahwa fungsi cemara laut adalah untuk mitigasi bencana.
Hubungan Karakteristik Sosial Demografi dengan Pemberdayaan Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) Berstatus Kawin di DIY
Authors: Khotimah Nurul , Hastuti Hastuti
Published: June 2020

Pemberdayaan perempuan merupakan komponen kunci dalam pengentasan kemiskinan, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada wanita usia subur (WUS) berstatus kawin di DIY dengan tujuan: (1) mengetahui karakteristik sosial demografi, (2) mengetahui kecenderungan pemberdayaan, dan (3) menganalisis hubungan karakteristik sosial demografi dengan pemberdayaan WUS. Sumber data penelitian adalah SDKI tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian: (1) karakteristik sosial demografi WUS berstatus kawin di DIY kebanyakan berumur >35 tahun dan berpendidikan tamat SLTA atau lebih. (2) kecenderungan pemberdayaan WUS adalahsebagian sebesar sedang bekerja dalam 12 bulan terakhir sebelum survei, tipe pendapatan dibayar, bentuk pembayaran sebagian besar berupa uang dan hanya sedikit dengan uang dan barang, kontrol atas pendapatan sebagian besar dari istri, dan partisipasi dalam berbagai pengambilan keputusan relatif tinggi antara lain untuk perawatan kesehatan wanita, kunjungan ke keluarga atau kerabat, pengeluaran besar rumah tangga, maupun ketiga keputusan tersebut. (3) hubungan karakteristik sosial demografi dengan pemberdayaan WUS menunjukkan ada hubungan antara umur dengan pekerjaan serta umur dengan kontrol atas pendapatan, namun tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan pendapatan dan antara umur dengan partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, selain itu diketahui ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan kontrol atas pendapatan serta antara pendidikan dengan partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan.
Analisis Daya Dukung Lingkungan Berbasis Jasa Ekosistem Penyediaan Pangan dan Air Bersih di Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Febriarta Erik
Published: June 2020

Kemampuan lingkungan menopang aktivitas kehidupan manusia secara fisik mempunyai batasan. Untuk menjaga sumberdaya alam secara menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan salah satunya dengan invetarisasi daya dukung dan daya tampung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungan dengan pendekatan jasa ekosistem dalam sektor penyediaan yaitu pangan dan air bersih di Kabupaen Semarang. Teknik analisis yang digunkan antara lain pairwise comparation dengan nilai Indek Komposit Jasa Ekosistem (IKJE). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dikethui penyedia pangan yang mempunyai nilai tinggi berada di bagian timur antara lain Kecamatan Bringin, Bergas, Pringapus dan Suruh. Sedangkan nilai rendah berada di bagian barat. Pola penyedia air bersih juga memiliki pola yang sama secara umum berada di bagian timur yang tinggi, hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan fisik. Sebagian besar lahan yang memiliki kelas tinggi dalam jasa penyediaan pangan terletak pada Ekoregion Kaki Gunungapi, Lereng Kaki Gunungapi, Dataran Fluvio-vulkan.
Transformasi indeks vegetasi Citra Sentinel 2 A untuk pemetaan produktivitas lahan sawah Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Khasanah Alfiatun Nur , Octaviani Dian
Published: June 2020

Aplikasi Penginderaan Jauh dan GIS dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi spasial produksi lahan sawah. Produktivitas sawah, yang biasanya disajikan dalam data tabular, dapat dipetakan menjadi informasi spasial dengan menggunakan respon vegetasi dari citra penginderaan jauh resolusi menengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai rata-rata produksi sawah di Magelang menggunakan Sentinel 2A. Citra melalui tahapan pemrosesan, yaitu koreksi atmosfer serta klasifikasi multispektral untuk mendapatkan batas sawah. Survei lapangan dan analisis regresi antara survei produktivitas aktual dan indeks vegetasi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan model terbaik. Ada 8 model indeks vegetasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Indeks Vegetasi memberikan kisaran nilai koefisien korelasi 0,62 hingga 0,74. Kisaran ini dikategorikan sebagai hubungan korelasi sedang dan kuat. Nilai koefisien korelasi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh indeks RVI sebesar 0,74, yang berarti bahwa 74% dari model dapat mewakili sampel. Produksi beras dominan di daerah penelitian adalah di kisaran 47-52 kg / 100 m2. Nilai ini di bawah rata-rata produksi di Magelang
PERAN KELUARGA DAN MEDIA SOSIAL DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SANTUN SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Amaruddin Hidar , Atmaja Hamdan Tri , Khafid Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Banyak kasus yang menunjukkan lunturnya karakter santun di kalangan siswa di Sekolah  Dasar akibat kurangnya perhatian keluarga terhadap sikap dan perilaku anak juga akibat pengaruh negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh media sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengategorikan peran keluarga dan media sosial dalam membentuk karakter santun siswa di Sekolah Dasar serta menyanggah atau menyetujui teori habitus Pierre Bordieu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah empat siswa kelas lima Sekolah Dasar Supriyadi dan Sekolah Dasar Primadana Semarang beserta orang tua mereka. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik induktif interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keluarga berperan dalam mendidik, mengajarkan pengetahuan, dan mengevaluasi setiap sikap dan perilaku siswa Sekolah Dasar selama ia berada di lingkup keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat. Sedangkan media sosial tidak berperan positif dalam pembentukan karakter santun siswa, akan tetapi justru berperan mengganggu dan merusak karakter santunnya. Oleh karena itu, keluarga harus berperan melakukan manajemen penggunaan media sosial untuk anak dalam berbagai fungsinya, seperti manajemen sebagai sarana edukasi, sarana hiburan, dan alat komunikasi untuk mempertahankan karakter santunnya. Kata Kunci: Peran, keluarga, media sosial, karakter santun THE ROLE OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL MEDIA IN BUILDING STUDENT'S POLITE CHARACTER IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Abstract: Many cases show the declining character of politeness among students in elementary school due to the lack of family attention to their attitudes and behavior as well as the negative influence caused by social media. The purpose of this study is to categorize the role of family and social media in shaping the polite character of students in elementary schools and refuting or agreeing with habitus theory of Pierre Bordieu. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were four fifth grade students of Supriyadi Elementary School and Primadana Elementary School in Semarang and their parents. Data collection uses interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Data analysis uses interactive inductive techniques. The results show that the family has a role in educating, teaching knowledge, and evaluating every attitude and behavior of elementary school students as long as he was in the scope of the family, school, and community. Whereas social media does not play a positive role in shaping students' polite character, but instead plays a role in disrupting and damaging their polite characters. Therefore, the family must play a role in managing the use of social media for children in a variety of functions, such as management as a means of education, entertainment, and communication tools to maintain their polite character. Keywords: Role, family, social media, polite character
Моделирование вынужденных колебаний намагниченности в системе трех ферромагнитных нанодисков
Authors: Горев Р.В. , Скороходов Е.В. , Миронов В.Л.
Published: June 2020

A micromagnetic simulation of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was carried out in a system consisting of a cylindrical stack consisting of three ferromagnetic nanodisks, in which a helicoidal distribution of magnetic moments is realized due to magnetostatic interaction in the equilibrium state. The features of tuning the FMR spectrum and the spatial structure of the resonance modes of oscillations of such a system in an external magnetic field are investigated.
Вариационная модель низкоразмерного магнетика
Authors: Кудасов Ю.Б. , Козабаранов Р.В.
Published: June 2020

A variational method with nonlocal trial function is developed for quantum one-dimensional systems. It is applied to the XXZ spin-1/2 chain with an alternating magnetic field. A four-node trial wave function for the fermionic representation of the model is constructed. The results obtained in the model with an extended trial wave function demonstrate a significant increase in the accuracy of the ground state energy in the region of critical behavior compared with the solutions obtained previously. A method for calculation of the spin correlation function are discussed.
Clinical Genomic Sequencing Reports in Electronic Health Record Systems Based on International Standards: Implementation Study
Authors: Ryu Borim , Shin Soo-Yong , Baek Rong-Min , Kim Jeong-Whun , Heo Eunyoung , Kang Inchul , Yang Joshua SungWoo , Yoo Sooyoung
Published: June 2020

Background

To implement standardized machine-processable clinical sequencing reports in an electronic health record (EHR) system, the International Organization for Standardization Technical Specification (ISO/TS) 20428 international standard was proposed for a structured template. However, there are no standard implementation guidelines for data items from the proposed standard at the clinical site and no guidelines or references for implementing gene sequencing data results for clinical use. This is a significant challenge for implementation and application of these standards at individual sites.

Objective

This study examines the field utilization of genetic test reports by designing the Health Level 7 (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) for genomic data elements based on the ISO/TS 20428 standard published as the standard for genomic test reports. The goal of this pilot is to facilitate the reporting and viewing of genomic data for clinical applications. FHIR Genomics resources predominantly focus on transmitting or representing sequencing data, which is of less clinical value.

Methods

In this study, we describe the practical implementation of ISO/TS 20428 using HL7 FHIR Genomics implementation guidance to efficiently deliver the required genomic sequencing results to clinicians through an EHR system.

Results

We successfully administered a structured genomic sequencing report in a tertiary hospital in Korea based on international standards. In total, 90 FHIR resources were used. Among 41 resources for the required fields, 26 were reused and 15 were extended. For the optional fields, 28 were reused and 21 were extended.

Conclusions

To share and apply genomic sequencing data in both clinical practice and translational research, it is essential to identify the applicability of the standard-based information system in a practical setting. This prototyping work shows that reporting data from clinical genomics sequencing can be effectively implemented into an EHR system using the existing ISO/TS 20428 standard and FHIR resources.
Beliefs and Information Seeking in Patients With Cancer in Southwest China: Survey Study
Authors: Xie Juan , Xie Shi , Cheng Ying , He Zhe
Published: June 2020

Background

Although previous studies have reported the cancer information-seeking behaviors among patients in high-income countries, the cancer information-seeking practices of patients living in low- and middle-income areas are less known.

Objective

This study investigated the beliefs and information-seeking patterns of cancer patients in southwest China.

Methods

A questionnaire was designed, and data were collected in two hospitals (N=285) in southwest China. Statistical analyses included bivariate analyses and regressions.

Results

Patients’ attitudes towards cancer fatalism were significantly influenced by marital status (P<.001), education (P<.001), and household income (P<.001). Moreover, endorsing fatalistic belief was positively associated with age (r=0.35, P<.001). The regression model showed that younger patients (odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99) and those with higher education (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.09-2.81) were more likely to seek information. Additionally, patients who were less confident in getting information were more likely to find information (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.15-2.52), while fatalism belief was not significant in the regression (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.22-1.95).

Conclusions

This study explored the information-seeking patterns of cancer patients in southwest China. It was found that many Chinese people endorsed cancer fatalism. These pessimistic beliefs about the potential to prevent and to cure cancer correlate with rather than cause cancer-related information seeking. However, self-efficacy about the confidence in finding needed cancer information was a significant predictor of information-seeking.
Serious Games for Nutritional Education: Online Survey on Preferences, Motives, and Behaviors Among Young Adults at University
Authors: Holzmann Sophie Laura , Schäfer Hanna , Plecher David Alexander , Stecher Lynne , Klinker Gudrun Johanna , Groh Georg , Hauner Hans , Holzapfel Christina
Published: June 2020

Background

Data on nutritional information and digital gameplay are limited among young adults in Germany.

Objective

This survey aimed to gather data on nutritional information sources and digital games for nutritional education (preferences, motives, and behaviors) among young adults at both Munich universities in Germany.

Methods

An online survey was developed by an multidisciplinary research group using EvaSys, an in-house survey software. The questionnaire (47 items) covered questions about baseline characteristics (eg, housing situation and weight), nutrition (eg, nutritional information sources), and digital (nutritional) gameplay (eg, preferences, motives, and behaviors). A feedback field was also provided. This publication is based on a selection of 20 questions (7 baseline characteristics, 2 nutrition, 11 gameplay). Young adults, primarily Munich university students aged from 18 to 24 years, were invited to participate by digital and nondigital communication channels between 2016 and 2017. Statistical analyses were performed using Excel 2013 (Microsoft Corp) and R version 3.1.3 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing).

Results

In total, 468 young adults (342/468, 73.1% women; 379/468, 81.0% university students) participated. Most of the participants (269/468, 57.5%) were aged 18 to 24 years with a BMI in the normal weight range (346/447, 77.4%). Mean body weight was 65.5 [SD 14.0] kg. Most participants reported getting nutritional information from the internet (372/467, 79.7%) and printed media (298/467, 63.8%), less than 1.0% (2/467, 0.4%) named digital games. Apps (100/461, 21.7%) and university/workplace (146/461, 31.7%) were the most desired sources for additional information about nutrition, while 10.0% (46/461, 10.0%) of participants stated wanting digital games. Almost two-thirds (293/468, 62.6%) of participants played digital games, while one-fifth (97/456, 21.3%) played digital games daily using smartphones or tablets. Finally, most respondents (343/468, 73.3%), mainly women, expressed interest in obtaining nutritional information during digital gameplay. However, significant gender differences were shown for nutritional acquisition behaviors and digital gameplay preferences, motives, and behaviors.

Conclusions

Our survey population reported playing digital games (especially men) and wanting nutritional information during digital gameplay (especially women). Furthermore, university or workplace are named as preferred settings for nutritional information. Therefore, a digital game app might have the potential to be a tool for nutritional education among young adults within the university or workplace environment.