bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review—State of the Art of the Multifunctional Bismuth Ferrite: Synthesis Method and Applications
Authors: Aishwarya K. , Hannah Jeniffer I. , Maruthasalamoorthy S. , Nirmala R. , Punithavelan N. , Navamathavan R.
Published: March 2022

ABO3 perovskite-type multifunctional BiFeO3 material is a commodious candidate for a variety of device applications such as photocatalyst, gas sensor, biosensor, thermoelectric material, and so on due to its remarkable magnetoelectric coupling property. The future scope of this perovskite material can be broadened by its cost-effective, highly efficient, and easily available nature. Herein, we have discussed the recent developments in multifunctional BiFeO3 based on two crucial applications such as sensors and photocatalyst from the recent research literature. We have also addressed the effects of doping which includes the bandgap reduction, finer pore size, and crystallite size leading to higher efficiency. Additionally, the BiFeO3 composites due to their larger surface area involve more active molecules on the surface thereby increasing the efficiency even more. Finally, some of the future scopes of the research are also addressed in this article.
Ca-Mg Multiple Deoxidation of Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb Intermetallic Compound Powder for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Cho Seongjae , Kim Taeheon , Lim Jae-Won
Published: March 2022

In this study, we investigated Ca-Mg multiple deoxidation of Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb intermetallic compound powder for additive manufacturing. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and oxygen reduction rate of Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb powder before and after deoxidation according to particle size were observed through XRD, SEM, BET and O/N analyses. In addition, the oxide layer of the surface before and after deoxidation was observed through TEM analysis. In our previous study, Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb powder deoxidized by only calcium at 1,100 °C for 2 h showed the oxygen concentration of 320 ppm. Compared to the previous result, it was found that a low oxygen Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb intermetallic compound powder less than 155 ppm was obtained by Ca-Mg multiple deoxidation at 900 °C for 2 h. It is considered that the decrease in the deoxidation temperature from 1,100 °C to 900 °C for Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb powder was due to only existing γ-TiAl phase with a fast oxygen diffusion coefficient without α
2-Ti3Al phase at 900 °C. As a result, it was established that the oxygen reduction rate of the Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb powder depended on the specific surface area because the Ti-50Al-2Cr-2Nb powder without β-Ti phase was mainly deoxidized by oxygen reduction on the surface oxide layer more than interstitial oxygen.
Muscle effort is best minimized by the right-dominant arm in the gravity field
Authors: Poirier Gabriel , Papaxanthis Charalambos , Mourey France , Lebigre Mélanie , Gaveau Jeremie
Published: March 2022

The hypothesis of hemispheric specialization for feedforward and feedback control has been developed and is still debated. Here, taking advantage of recent knowledge on optimal planning and control of arm movements in the gravity field, we recorded kinematics and electromyographic activities during vertical arm movements performed with the dominant and nondominant arms. Our results reveal that the nondominant arm takes advantage of gravity effects to minimize muscle effort, but less than the dominant arm.
The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Opioid-Related Disorder in Patients under Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs
Authors: Molavi Nader , Rasouli-Azad Morad , Mirzaei Hamed , Matini Amir Hassan , Banafshe Hamid Reza , Valiollahzadeh Marjan , Hassanzadeh Majid , Saghazade Ahmad Reza , Abbaszadeh-Mashkani Samira , Mamsharifi Peyman , Ghaderi Amir
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Patients under methadone maintenance treatment programs (MMTPs) are susceptible to numerous complications (e.g., mental and metabolic disorders). This study evaluated the effects of probiotics on clinical symptoms, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, and serum lipid content in patients receiving MMTPs. Materials and Methods. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 70 patients receiving MMTPs to receive either 1.8 × 109 CFU/day probiotics (n = 35) or placebo (n = 35) for 12 weeks. Clinical symptoms and metabolic profiles were measured before and after the intervention in patients receiving MMTPs. Results. Compared with the placebo group, probiotic supplementation resulted in a significant improvement in the severity of depression (P<0.05). In addition, probiotic administration significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) (P<0.05). Furthermore, probiotics resulted in a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and a significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total glutathione (GSH) levels (P<0.05). Conclusion. Treatment with probiotics for 12 weeks to patients receiving MMTPs had beneficial effects on symptoms of depression, as well as several metabolic profiles. Clinical Trial Registration: this study was registered in the Iranian website (https://www.irct.ir) for clinical trials registration (https://fa.irct.ir/trial/46363/IRCT20170420033551N9). The registration date is March 22, 2020.
Intelligent Roller Bearing Fault Diagnosis in Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Xu Ji , Zhou Hong , Fang Yanjun
Published: March 2022

Advanced research studies on industrial Internet of things require effective feature extraction and accurate machinery health state evaluation. For roller bearing, a well-known mechanical component most extensively used in the industry, its running status directly affects the operation of the entire machinery and equipment. For intelligent fault diagnosis of roller bearing, the selection of the intrinsic mode function (IMF) modes in approaches of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)/variational mode decomposition (VMD) becomes a tricky problem. To solve this problem, this study proposed an efficient scheme on roller bearing fault diagnosis that combines the refined composite multivariate multiscale sample entropy (RCMMSE) with different classifiers. Firstly, the synthetic noise signals are introduced to compare the effectiveness of the multiscale sample entropy (MSE) and the RCMMSE models. Secondly, the random noise signals are used to compare the performance of EEMD and VMD methods, where the envelope spectrum characteristics of fault signals are well described. Moreover, EEMD/VMD methods are utilized to decompose the roller bearing vibration signals into various modes to get the entropy values. Finally, the obtained RCMMSE is adopted as a feature vector and subsequently employed as an input of support vector machine, random forest, and probabilistic neural network models to conduct roller bearing fault identification. The extensive experimental results prove that this proposed scheme performs well and the classification accuracy of VMD-RCMMSE is higher than EEMD-RCMMSE.
Exosomal miR-543 Inhibits the Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer by Targeting IGF2
Authors: Zhang Shupei , Pan Diling , Zhang Shaoyu , Wu Qiumei , Zhen Lan , Liu Shihuang , Chen Jingjing , Lin Rong , Hong Qiuhua , Zheng Xiangqin , Yi Huan
Published: March 2022

Objective. Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy worldwide. We aimed to illustrate the potential function and molecular mechanism of exosomal microRNA-543 (miR-543) in the oncogenesis and development of OvCa. Methods. Differentially expressed microRNAs in exosomes derived from OvCa cell lines were identified by bioinformatic analysis and verified by RT-PCR. Cell proliferation ability was estimated by clonogenic and 5-ethynyl-2

′

-deoxyuridine assays in vitro and in vivo. Potential involved pathways and targets of exosomal miRNAs were analysed using DIANA and verified by pyrosequencing, glucose quantification, dual-luciferase reporter experiments, and functional rescue assays. Results. Bioinformatic analysis identified miR-543 and its potential target genes involved in the cancer-associated proteoglycan pathway. The expression of miR-543 was significantly decreased in exosomes derived from OvCa cell lines, patient serum, and OvCa tissues, while the mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) were increased. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-543 resulted in the suppression of OvCa cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, miR-543 was significantly negatively correlated with IGF2 in OvCa tissues in comparison with paracarcinoma tissues. Notably, upregulation of miR-543 led to increased cell supernatant glucose levels and suppressed cell growth, which was rescued by overexpression of IGF2. Conclusions. Exosomal miR-543 participates in the proteoglycan pathway to suppress cell proliferation by targeting IGF2 in OvCa.
Mechanical Properties of Functionally Graded Concrete Lining for Deep Underground Structures
Authors: Li De-Chun , Xu Chong , Cui Zhen-Dong , Chen Jin-Ming , Xu Xiang-Qing , Zhang Tong-Tong , Zhang Zhao-Wei , Song Gang
Published: March 2022

With the mining depth of coal resources increasing, the thickness of traditional lining for deep mines becomes large. The bearing capacity of the outer lining cannot be fully utilized, so a new type of functionally graded lining structure (FGL) with radial Young’s modulus varying in gradient is proposed. In this study, through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the mechanical properties of the functionally graded lining were studied, including the characteristics of the elastic working state and the ultimate bearing state. The influences of the structural parameters of the functionally graded lining, including the inner radius, the thickness, Young’s modulus, the compressive strength of the concrete, Poisson’s ratio, and the number of layers on the mechanical properties were analyzed. The calculation formula of the ultimate bearing capacity of the lining and the calculation formula of the maximum tangential strain at the time of lining failure were put forward. The accuracy of the formula was verified by comparing with the numerical simulation results. The research results provide the basis for the construction of the design theory of a functionally graded lining structure and have great engineering significance for the construction of the kilometer‐deep mines in the future.
Exploratory Research on Key Technology of Human-Computer Interactive 2.5-Minute Fast Digital Early Warning for Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Li Nan , Yang Xiaotong , Du Wencai , Ogihara Atsushi , Zhou Siyu , Ma Xiaowen , Wang Yujia , Li Shuwu , Li Kai
Published: March 2022

Objective. As the preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is characterized by hidden onset, which is difficult to detect early. Traditional neuropsychological scales are main tools used for assessing MCI. However, due to its strong subjectivity and the influence of many factors such as subjects’ educational background, language and hearing ability, and time cost, its accuracy as the standard of early screening is low. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new key technology of fast digital early warning for MCI based on eye movement objective data analysis. Methodology. Firstly, four exploratory indexes (test durations, correlation degree, lengths of gaze trajectory, and drift rate) of MCI early warning are determined based on the relevant literature research and semistructured expert interview; secondly, the eye movement state is captured based on the eye tracker to realize the data extraction of four exploratory indexes. On this basis, the human-computer interactive 2.5-minute fast digital early warning paradigm for MCI is designed; thirdly, the rationality of the four early warning indexes proposed in this paper and their early warning effectiveness on MCI are verified. Results. Through the small sample test of human-computer interactive 2.5 fast digital early warning paradigm for MCI conducted by 32 elderly people aged 70–90 in a medical institution in Hangzhou, the two indexes of “correlation degree” and “drift rate” with statistical differences are selected. The experiment results show that AUC of this MCI early warning paradigm is 0.824. Conclusion. The key technology of human-computer interactive 2.5 fast digital early warning for MCI proposed in this paper overcomes the limitations of the existing MCI early warning tools, such as low objectification level, high dependence on professional doctors, long test time, requiring high educational level, and so on. The experiment results show that the early warning technology, as a new generation of objective and effective digital early warning tool, can realize 2.5-minute fast and high-precision preliminary screening and early warning for MCI in the elderly.
Efficacy of the Low Dose Apatinib plus Chemotherapy on Advanced Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Shen , Li Xuan , Shi Weigang , Huo Limin , Liu Huimin
Published: March 2022

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of low dose apatinib plus chemotherapy on advanced gastric carcinoma. Methods. Eligible 50 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to March 2020 were enrolled, and they were assigned into the control group (

n
=
25

, chemotherapy) and observation group (apatinib plus chemotherapy). Changes of CEA, CA72-4, and VEGF levels were measured, and the efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by referring to KPS and RECIST. Results. Significant reduction was observed in CEA, CA72-4, and VEGF in both groups, and the treatment in the observation group resulted in a greater reduction (all

P
<
0.05

). The observation group obtained significantly higher KPS scores of compared with the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, the treatment in the observation group led to a better control rate in relative to the control group according to RECIST the score (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The combination of low dose apatinib and chemotherapy might be a promising option for advanced gastric cancer and it merits clinical application.
Analyzing the Application of Multimedia Technology Assisted English Grammar Teaching in Colleges
Authors: Wu Feng , Huang Shaohai , Cheng Lijuan
Published: March 2022

To address the problem that the traditional English composition is manually reviewed, which leads to low efficiency of grammar error checking and heavy teaching burden for teachers and seriously affects the quality of English teaching, a verb grammar error checking algorithm based on the combination of a multilayer rule model and a deep learning model is proposed with current multimedia technology. First, the basic principles and network structure of the long short-term memory network LSTM are specifically analyzed; then, a multilayer rule model is constructed; after that, an attention model-based LSTM verb grammar checker is designed, and a word embedding model is used to encode the text and map it to the status space to retain the textual information. Finally, the proposed algorithm is experimentally validated using the corpus dataset. The experimental results revealed that the accuracy, recall, and F1 values of the proposed algorithm in verb error detection were 45.51%, 28.77%, and 35.5%, respectively, which were higher than those of the traditional automatic review algorithm, indicating that the proposed algorithm has superior performance and can improve the accuracy and efficiency of grammar error detection.
Physical, Rheological, And Microsurface Characteristics of High-Viscosity Binder Modified with WMA Agents
Authors: Luo Junhui , Yang Yuzhu , Huang Weirong , Xie Cheng , Chen Jiangcai , Liu Haobin , Ren Tianzeng , Huang Xiaofeng
Published: March 2022

In order to investigate the feasibility of warm mix technology in high-viscosity asphalt mixes, in the current experiment, Shell 70 Grade A asphalt (base asphalt) was modified by AR-HVA (a high-viscosity modifier), and the high-viscosity modified asphalt was further incorporated with two surface-active warm mixes (Evotherm M1 and Retherm). The physical properties of the high-viscosity warm mix-modified asphalts were analyzed by dynamic and Brinell viscosity tests. The compatibility of the warm mixes with the high-viscosity modified and the base asphalt was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. The modification mechanism of the high-viscosity warm mix-modified asphalts was revealed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The high-viscosity modifier significantly reduced the penetration of the matrix asphalt and increased its softening point and 5°C ductility, whereas the two warm mixes increased the penetration and ductility of the high-viscosity modified asphalt and reduced its softening point. The surface-active warm mixes reduced the 60°C viscosity of the asphalt, and the viscosity reduction effect of M1 was better than that of Retherm. The high-viscosity modifier AR-HVA was well dispersed in the asphalt; however, its continuity was not good. The addition of the surface-active warm mixes effectively enhanced the continuity of the high-viscosity AR-HVA-modified asphalt. Infrared spectroscopy revealed little difference between the main components of the matrix asphalt and the high-viscosity asphalt. The addition of the surface-active warm mixes altered the amounts of four components in bitumen and increased its aromatic content.
Price Risk Control of Natural Resource Commodities through Behavioral Finance Analysis: An Information Transfer Perspective
Authors: Liu Zehui
Published: March 2022

To fully understand the market price volatility mechanism of natural resource commodities (NRCs), and control the price risks of NRCs, it is important to deeply analyze how NRC price is affected by uncertain risk factors, such as supply risk, demand risk, macroscopic price risk, political price risk, policy price risk, seasonal price risk, and sudden price risks. The theory of behavioral finance can establish a transaction decision‐making model more in line with the actual market situation. Therefore, this paper explores the price risk control of NRCs from the perspective of financial theories. Firstly, the authors empirically examined the specific impacts of uncertain risk factors on NRC price, and the directions of the impacts. Next, the price volatility and transaction risks of NRCs brought by information transmission were analyzed, following by the construction of an information transmission model for NRC trading market. After that, a dynamic price model was built for NRCs based on the theory of behavioral finance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model was verified through experiments.
Research on Urban Expansion and Population Density Change of an Urban Agglomeration in the Central‐Southern Region of Liaoning Province, China
Authors: Guo Min , Wang Shijun
Published: March 2022

The relationship between urban expansion and population density changes is complex and plays a fundamental role in urban sustainable development research. This relationship has been studied in multiple large cities. However, there is no report of the relationship of the two factors mentioned above in urban agglomeration in a particular region of China. Ten cities located in the central‐southern region of Liaoning province are selected as research samples in this study. The spatial growth rate and urban compactness index of the sample cities were calculated using the land use and population data of these cities in three time phases: 1995, 2005, and 2015. Then, the geographical growth features, the population density changes, and the link between these two in the sample cities were investigated at these three periods. Our results revealed that the studied cities of central‐southern Liaoning province expanded at the three time phases under the driver of positive population density growth, but the effects of urban population change on urbanization growth modes across time were uneven across different periods. Our study showed a trend that active transition of different urbanization growth modes was associated with decreased population density.
Visual Communication Design Using Machine Vision and Digital Media Communication Technology
Authors: Guan Xuelun , Wang Kaihong
Published: March 2022

The dynamic design of graphic language can be seen everywhere in life as the digital media era progresses. Graphic designs, such as product packaging, poster design, book binding design, and logo design, are examples of traditional visual design. The print media is the most important factor. Graphic design that is aided by digital media technology is not limited to print but also includes network media. The teaching research of China’s visual design specialty is still in its early stages, the relevant teaching system reform of various colleges and universities is still being explored, and there is no unified standard in the digital information age. As a result, it is critical to conduct in-depth research using scientific and systematic methods in order to pave the way for the development of a domestic visual design specialty in the information age. Simultaneously, the popularization and development of new media have had a significant impact on traditional printing media, breaking the monotony of traditional visual communication and making modern visual design more vivid and intuitive. Visual perception in psychology is introduced into design thinking in this paper. Apart from its expression in art culture, the concept of space also encompasses the physics concepts of time and space, as well as the scientific research theory of visual perception in psychology, which transcends the perceptual cognition level of space in art design.
Amelioration of Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma by Juglans regia via Downregulation of Inflammatory Cytokines and Upregulation of Aquaporin-1 and Aquaporin-5 in Mice
Authors: Sharif Mariam , Anjum Irfan , Shabbir Arham , Khurram Syed Shahzada , Mobeen Iqra , Hassaan Shahid Muhammad , Sarwar Kamran
Published: March 2022

Juglans regia (J. regia) has been used traditionally to treat cough and asthma. The present study evaluates the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential of J. regia against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma. Intraperitoneal sensitization proceeded by intranasal challenge with OVA was used to induce allergic asthma. BALB/c mice were treated with methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts of J. regia and methylprednisolone one week after 2nd sensitization with OVA and continued for 7 days. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, AQP-1, AQP-5 TNF-α, TGF-β, and NF-kB were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Hematoxylin and eosin, and periodic acidic-Schiff stains were used for histopathological studies of lung tissues. The data presented all three extracts of J. regia significantly ameliorated airway inflammation by reducing expression levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and TNF-α in OVA-treated mice. The suppression of goblet cells hyperplasia and inflammatory cells infiltration by J. regia involved low TGF-β and NF-kB levels. Pretreatment with J. regia also increased the AQP-1 and AQP-5 expression levels in mice treated with OVA. This study supported the traditional use of J. regia and proposed that J. regia ameliorated allergic asthma by suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and elevation of AQP-1 and AQP-5 expression levels.
Empirical Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Multiclass Prediction
Authors: Ishfaq Umar , Shabbir Danial , Khan Jumshaid , Khan Hikmat Ullah , Naseer Salman , Irshad Azeem , Shafiq Muhammad , Hamam Habib
Published: March 2022

With the emergence of big data and the interest in deriving valuable insights from ever-growing and ever-changing streams of data, machine learning has appeared as an effective data analytic technique as compared to traditional methodologies. Big data has become a source of incredible business value for almost every industry. In this context, machine learning plays an indispensable role of providing smart data analysis capabilities for uncovering hidden patterns. These patterns are later translated into automating certain aspects of the decision-making processes using machine learning classifiers. This paper presents a state-of-the-art comparative analysis of machine learning and deep learning-based classifiers for multiclass prediction. The experimental setup consisted of 11 datasets derived from different domains, publicly available at the repositories of UCI and Kaggle. The classifiers include Naïve Bayes (NB), decision trees (DTs), random forest (RF), gradient boosted decision trees (GBDTs), and deep learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNN). The results prove that the ensemble-based GBDTs outperform other algorithms in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall. RF and CNN show nearly similar performance on most datasets and outperform the traditional NB and DTs. On the other hand, NB shows the lowest performance as compared to other algorithms. It is worth mentioning that DTs show the lowest precision score on the Titanic dataset. One of the main reasons is that DTs suffer from overfitting and use a greedy approach for attribute relationship analysis.
A Novel Variable Pseudonym Scheme for Preserving Privacy User Location in 5G Networks
Authors: Saeed Mamoon M. , Saeed Rashid A. , Mokhtar Rania A. , Alhumyani Hesham , Ali Elmustafa Sayed
Published: March 2022

Due to the development in 5G mobile communications, user privacy becomes the main challenge, especially with the multiplicity of services and applications that can be accessed. Location privacy is related to the user privacy in terms of the possibility of tracking and unwanted advertisements, as well as the possibility of exposure to suspicious activities and terrorist attacks based on the user location. Accordingly, previous mobile systems use pseudonyms instead of a permanent identity to preserving the user’s location privacy in mobile networks, by what is known as the Cellular Radio Network Temporary Identifiers (C-RNTIs). The C-RNTI protects the user privacy relatively, but it faces some problems due to the clear text of the user in CRNI exchange, which will make the user easily trackable by man-in-the-middle attack. This article aims at proposing a new algorithm that improves the user’s location privacy and enhances the capabilities of the 5G infrastructure in terms of confidentiality and privacy. The idea is based on the use of a novel variable pseudonym (V-RNTI) algorithm that acts as a radio channel identifier for the user, which improves the allocation of pseudonyms to identify users. The proposed algorithm uses different V-RNTI values by the UE and can be changed frequently to improve the pseudonym allocation procedure. This approach can be implemented in 3GPP standard architecture by upgrading UEs and eNB by minor modifications. During this study, the proposed 5G V-RNTI authentication protocol model was built. And then, the automated analysis of the protocol model is performed by using ProVerif Model Checker. The results showed that the model works well without any noticeable problems.
Evaluation Algorithm of English Audiovisual Teaching Effect Based on Deep Learning
Authors: lang Amugu
Published: March 2022

Traditional English teaching focuses on exam-oriented education. Although many students have passed various English tests and even achieved high scores, they cannot communicate freely in English. In order to change this situation, the state has adjusted the syllabus to enhance students’ audiovisual (AV) and oral ability. With more attention paid to the course of audiovisual speaking, the improvement of teaching quality has become an important part. The rationality of teaching effect evaluation plays a key role. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a scientific and reasonable AV and oral teaching effect evaluation model. Based on this, this paper proposes an evaluation algorithm of English AV and oral teaching effect based on deep learning (DL). Its characteristics are as follows: firstly, a data-based objective evaluation method of teaching effect is constructed, and then the adaptive algorithm is used to optimize the initial weight and threshold of deep neural network. English teaching implementation shows to us that English language characteristic and the matter of actual activities are closely connected to the context. English learning should not only pay attention to the understanding of English vocabulary and sentence and also carry out cultural exchanges with the countries, but English is the common language. The experimental results show that this model improves the prediction accuracy and convergence speed of teaching quality evaluation results, providing a more feasible scheme for the evaluation of English AV teaching effect.
Design and Implementation of Industrial Design and Transformation System Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Zhang Feng
Published: March 2022

The introduction of AI technology in the process of industrial product design is helpful for designers to better analyze and apply complex data. This study integrates AI with industrial design, applies new ideas and technologies in AI to industrial design, and changes the traditional industrial design mode. The contents of AI and industrial design are analyzed in detail, and the research methods such as literature research, field observation, and interview are used to further clarify the design objectives and conditions. From the perspectives of the design process, product structure, engineering data, and project maintenance, the method of product design information exchange and sharing is put forward. The system architecture of industrial design service systems based on AI technology is given. Theory and practice show that the overall performance of this algorithm is good. The industrial design method based on AI has certain positive effects and achieved good results. This research provides a new idea for intelligent industrial design.
Improving QGA-ELM Inversion Model of Rice Leaf Area Index Based on UAV Remote Sensing Image
Authors: Gu Juntao , Su Zhongbin , Gao Rui , Wang Yue , Meng Ying , Kong Qingming
Published: March 2022

The leaf area index (LAI) is an important physiological parameter that characterizes the growth of crops. Traditional measurement could not meet the demands of large-scale accurate monitoring. QGA-ELM and LS-SVM algorithm combined with UAV remote sensing images was used to achieve the goal of building large-scale fast inversion modeling of LAI in this paper. Linear and nonlinear models were constructed for comparing the correlation between six spectral indices and LAI by categorizing the nitrogen level. The LS-SVM model was constructed to replace traditional linear model, the determination coefficient of correction set and prediction set (R2C and R2P) were 0.6496 and 0.6814; and the root mean square error of correction set and prediction set (RMSEC and RMSEP) were 0.5702 and 0.6842, respectively. The results showed that the inversion of edge objects in noncrop areas was not so stable. In order to address the problem, an improvement based on the extreme learning machine (ELM) and quantum genetic algorithm (QGA) with probabilistic evolution were used to combine with LS-SVM for overcoming the problem which the hidden layer connection weight and threshold randomly generated and solve the problems of slow regression of nonlinear data and insufficient model generalization ability. Compared with traditional linear and nonlinear regression, the QGA-ELM combined with LS-SVM showed the following: (1) improving the optimization ability greatly and avoid the prematurity of GA (genetic algorithm) effectively. The generalization performance has also been enhanced. (2) R2P of prediction set was 0.6686, and RMSEP was 0.8952 which could reflect the growth and distribution trend of rice in the regional scale. (3) Adapting different fertilization gradients (deficiency to excess) could provide basis for LAI inversion in different varieties and accumulated temperature zone of rice. The results above showed that QGA-ELM combined with LS-SVM could improve the stability of the model greatly and provide reference significance for rice growth inversion.
Most Common Social Media Platforms in Saudi Arabia for Sharing COVID-19 Medical Information
Authors: Alotaibi Khaled , Alotiby Amna
Published: March 2022

Introduction: This study is a quantitative analysis of the most commonly used social media platforms during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among health care workers (HCWs) and non-HCWs (NHCWs) for sharing medical information pertaining to protective measures against COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Methods: An online survey was administered during the first 3 months of COVID-19 lockdown in Saudi Arabia. The sample size of the study was 1,249, including 275 HCWs and 974 NHCWs. Results: The findings show that WhatsApp is the most used social media platform in Saudi Arabia, followed by Twitter. Popular social media sites among HCWs are Instagram, WhatsApp, Snapchat, Telegram, and Twitter. Future researchers might investigate how HCWs assess the validity, trust, and reliability of information on social media platforms. Conclusion: This study has implications for how to effectively disseminate information through social media platforms based on health care specialty and demographics.
Today’s Mistakes and Tomorrow’s Wisdom in Endoscopic Imaging of Barrett’s Esophagus
Authors: van Heijst Lisanne E. , Zhao Xiaojuan , Gabriëls Ruben Y. , Nagengast Wouter B.
Published: March 2022

Background: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and its incidence is rising. Barrett’s esophagus (BE) can develop low- and high-grade dysplasia which can progress to EAC overtime. The golden standard to detect dysplastic BE (DBE) or EAC is surveillance with high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE) and random biopsies according to the Seattle protocol. However, this method is time-consuming and associated with a remarkable miss rate. Therefore, there is great need for the development of novel reliable techniques to optimize surveillance strategies and improve detection rates. Summary: Optical chromoendoscopy (OC) techniques like narrow-band imaging have shown improved detection of DBE and EAC compared to HD-WLE and random biopsies. Most recent OC techniques, including the iSCAN optical enhancement system and linked color imaging, showed improved characterization of DBE and EAC retrospectively. Fluorescence molecular endoscopy (FME) presented promising results to highlight DBE and EAC. Moreover, with the establishment of well-performing delineation computer-aided detection (CAD) algorithms and the first real-time CAD system for EAC, we expect clinical application of CAD in the near future. Key Messages: Despite impressive progress made in the development of advanced endoscopic techniques, combined HD-WLE/OC followed by random biopsies remains the golden standard for BE surveillance. Surveillance depends on appropriate mucosal cleansing, sufficient inspection time, and competence of the performing gastroenterologist to improve detection of EAC. In addition, to facilitate the clinical implementation of advanced endoscopic techniques, multicenter prospective clinical studies are demanded for OC and FME. Meanwhile, further optimization of CAD algorithms, the education of gastroenterologists, and analysis of the interaction between the clinician and the computer should be performed.
A Rare Case of Bilateral Pectoralis Major Muscle Defect and Abnormal Muscle
Authors: Yamamoto Mayuko , Kunihisa Tomonari , Baba Motoi , Mizumoto Sachiko , Yamashita Yuji , Miki Mayuko , Inubushi Sachiko , Okamoto Aoi , Fujimoto Ryuhei , Tanino Hirokazu
Published: March 2022

A 56-year-old female patient with left breast cancer presented at our hospital. Preoperative CT scan showed an isolated bilateral pectoralis major muscle defect and abnormal muscle originating from the entire sternum and inserting in the lower ribs and rectus sheath. Total mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection were performed. We believe that this case is unique and that others like it have never been reported. If there is a defect in the pectoralis major muscle, reconstructive surgery with a tissue expander is contraindicated. Therefore, preoperative evaluation of the chest wall musculature on imaging is recommended.
Acute Exacerbation of Tracheal Obstruction and Severe Respiratory Failure after a Single Dose of 2-Gy Irradiation for Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kawakado Keita , Hotta Takamasa , Sakamoto Jin , Horie Mika , Kobayashi Misato , Okuno Takae , Amano Yoshihiro , Hamaguchi Megumi , Tsubata Yukari , Kurimoto Noriaki , Isobe Takeshi
Published: March 2022

The patient, a 62-year-old woman, complained chiefly of cough. We planned chemoradiotherapy for squamous nonsmall cell lung cancer. A single dose of 2-Gy irradiation and no anticancer agent administration exacerbated the airway stenosis with severe respiratory failure. Urgent tracheal intubation was performed, and a tracheal stent was implanted under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Because her performance status (PS) worsened from 1 to 2, we administered radiotherapy. The tumor size decreased. There was no recurrence for the next 3 months, and her PS improved to 1. Emergency tracheal intubation and tracheal stent placement under ECMO can be effective for exacerbated airway obstruction after radiotherapy.
New Onset Biopsy-Proven Nephropathies after COVID Vaccination
Authors: Fenoglio Roberta , Lalloni Stefania , Marchisio Martina , Oddone Valentina , De Simone Emanuele , Del Vecchio Giulio , Sciascia Savino , Roccatello Dario
Published: March 2022

Introduction: To date, almost 7 billion doses of the different types of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 have been administered worldwide. Although the severity of new cases of SARS-CoV-2 has progressively decreased, and the pressure on national health systems has declined, the development of de novo glomerular injuries has been suggested. Methods: This study aimed to examine the patients who were hospitalized in our Unit between April and November 2021 and underwent renal biopsy for new-onset urinary abnormalities (UA) and/or renal impairment within 3 months of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Results: We identified 17 patients who developed UA and/or renal insufficiency within 3 months of vaccination. Minimal change disease was the most common disease in our cohort (5 patients, 29.4%) followed by acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN; 3 patients, 17.6%), membranous nephropathy (3 patients, 17.6%), and rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy (2 patients, 11.8%). The other 4 patients had a diagnosis of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (1 patient), systemic lupus erythematosus (1 patient), ANCA-associated vasculitis (1 patient), and tip-variant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (1 patient), respectively. Eight out of the 17 patients (47.1%) developed acute kidney injury. Two patients with acute TIN had to start hemodialysis that was discontinued after 1 and 2 months, respectively, due to the recovery of renal function. All patients underwent treatment with corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants. Discussion: Although it is not possible to conclusively determine whether there is a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and new-onset nephropathies, based on the appearance of UA and/or renal insufficiency shortly after vaccination, we hypothesize that the immune response to the COVID-19 vaccine may be a trigger of nephropathies. Therefore, our results highlight the need for pharmacovigilance. However, this report should not lead to vaccine hesitation during this pandemic as the benefits of vaccination strongly outweigh the potential risks.
Avocado Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in US Adults
Authors: Pacheco Lorena S. , Li Yanping , Rimm Eric B. , Manson JoAnn E. , Sun Qi , Rexrode Kathryn , Hu Frank B. , Guasch‐Ferré Marta
Published: March 2022

Background

Epidemiologic studies on the relationship between avocado intake and long‐term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are lacking.

Methods and Results

This study included 68 786 women from the NHS (Nurses’ Health Study) and 41 701 men from the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow‐up Study; 1986–2016) who were free of cancer, coronary heart disease, and stroke at baseline. Diet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires at baseline and then every 4 years. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs. A total of 14 274 incident cases of CVD (9185 coronary heart disease events and 5290 strokes) were documented over 30 years of follow‐up. After adjusting for lifestyle and other dietary factors, compared with nonconsumers, those with analysis‐specific higher avocado intake (≥2 servings/week) had a 16% lower risk of CVD (pooled hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75–0.95) and a 21% lower risk of coronary heart disease (pooled hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68–0.91). No significant associations were observed for stroke. Per each half serving/day increase in avocado intake, the pooled hazard ratio for CVD was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.91). Replacing half a serving/day of margarine, butter, egg, yogurt, cheese, or processed meats with the equivalent amount of avocado was associated with a 16% to 22% lower risk of CVD.

Conclusions

Higher avocado intake was associated with lower risk of CVD and coronary heart disease in 2 large prospective cohorts of US men and women. The replacement of certain fat‐containing foods with avocado could lead to lower risk of CVD.
Trends in Clinical Practice and Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery
Authors: Mohammad Moman A. , Persson Jonas , Buccheri Sergio , Odenstedt Jacob , Sarno Giovanna , Angerås Oskar , Völz Sebastian , Tödt Tim , Götberg Matthias , Isma Nazim , Yndigegn Troels , Tydén Patrik , Venetsanos Dimitrios , Birgander Mats , Olivecrona Göran K.
Published: March 2022

Background

The use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to treat unprotected left main coronary artery disease has expanded rapidly in the past decade. We aimed to describe nationwide trends in clinical practice and outcomes after PCI for left main coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results

Patients (n=4085) enrolled in the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) as undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease from 2005 to 2017 were included. A count regression model was used to analyze time‐related differences in procedural characteristics. The 3‐year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event rate defined as death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization was calculated with the Kaplan‐Meier estimator and Cox proportional hazard model. The number of annual PCI procedures grew from 121 in 2005 to 589 in 2017 (389%). The increase was greater for men (479%) and individuals with diabetes (500%). Periprocedural complications occurred in 7.9%, decreasing from 10% to 6% during the study period. A major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event occurred in 35.7% of patients, falling from 45.6% to 23.9% (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41–0.78;
P
=0.001). Radial artery access rose from 21.5% to 74.2% and intracoronary diagnostic procedures from 14.0% to 53.3%. Use of bare‐metal stents and first‐generation drug‐eluting stents fell from 19.0% and 71.9%, respectively, to 0, with use of new‐generation drug‐eluting stents increasing to 95.2%.

Conclusions

Recent changes in clinical practice relating to PCI for left main coronary artery disease are characterized by a 4‐fold rise in procedures conducted, increased use of evidence‐based adjunctive treatment strategies, intracoronary diagnostics, newer stents, and more favorable outcomes.
A new species of Clypeodytes Régimbart, 1894 from China (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae: Bidessini)
Authors: MAI ZUQI , JIANG ZHUOYIN , HU JIAN , HENDRICH LARS , JIA FENGLONG
Published: March 2022

The diving beetle Clypeodytes limpidus sp. nov. is described from western Yunnan, China. It is the second known species of the genus Clypeodytes Régimbart, 1894 from China and belongs to the subgenus Hypoclypeus Guignot, 1950. It can be distinguished from C. bufo (Sharp, 1890), the only other Chinese Clypeodytes species, by the shape of the median lobe, the more rounded body and the elytral pattern. A Chinese specimen of C. bufo is illustrated, and the species is recorded for the first time for Laos.
Glutodon gen. nov. (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), a flap-metasomed Pristocerinae from Madagascar
Authors: AZEVEDO CELSO O. , COLOMBO WESLEY D.
Published: March 2022

Here we describe the flat wasp genus Glutodon gen. nov., and its single species G. mikeaensis sp. nov. from Madagascar. The males of this genus are easily recognized among the other genera of Pristocerinae by having the metasoma with a conical flap expansion on the sternum VIII and the hypopygium with the anterolateral apodeme very thick along its length with a very gibbous tip, both conditions unique in Bethylidae. Glutodon gen. nov. is the sixth genus of flat wasps endemic of Madagascar, and the 30th of Pristocerinae.
The Amplification of Cyberhate Victimisation by Discrimination and Low Life Satisfaction: Can Supportive Environments Mitigate the Risks?
Authors: Görzig Anke , Blaya Catherine , Bedrosova Marie , Audrin Catherine , Machackova Hana
Published: March 2022

There is some indication that discrimination as well as low levels of life satisfaction render young people at risk of cyberhate victimization. Adopting a socio-ecological perspective, this paper examines whether supportive family, peer and school environments may buffer against the effects of perceived discrimination and low life satisfaction on cyberhate victimization. Data from four countries ( N = 3396) of the EU Kids Online IV survey on children aged 11–17 (51% girls) revealed a positive association between perceived discrimination and cyberhate victimization, but this impact was moderated by supportive family and peer environments. A negative association between life satisfaction and cyberhate victimization was mitigated by peer support. However, no associations with the school context were found. The current study provides new insights on how social support on different levels of the social environment may buffer against potential risk factors for cyberhate victimization and can inform decision-makers towards intervention and prevention strategies.