bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use Of Triple Therapy In A Cohort Of Patients With COPD Associated Wood Smoke And High Risk : Real Life Study Of Five Cases
Authors: Carlos Herrera García José , Li Juarez González , Jl Aguilar Zanela
Published: December 2024

Introduction: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with exposure to wood smoke (copd-l) is part of
30% of the etiology of this entity. We know that copd-l has different characteristics compared to the association
with tobacco. There is little worldwide experience in the use of bronchodilators and inhaled steroids in patients
with this disease. Currently, the high risk of patients with copd-l is the main cause of exacerbations and shortterm cardiovascular outcome is the cause of increased morbidity and mortality. Triple therapy is currently a
treatment used in patients with copd-t with excellent clinical and symptomatic benefits.
Objective: to describe the effect of triple therapy in a series of 5 cases of patients with copd associated with wood
smoke (copd-l) after 1-3-6 months of administration, improving symptoms and benefiting lung function.
Methods: prospective, cross-sectional, observational real-life study carried out in the department of pulmonology
of a third-level hospital in the city of puebla in the period from january 1, 2024 to august 1, 2024 in patients with
symptomatic l-copd under the cat scale despite dual bronchodilator therapy treatment.
Results: 100% of patients were female, exposed to wood smoke with an average of 196 hours/year, eosinophil
count of 338 cells on average, with cat starting greater than 24 points before treatment and 13 points at the end
of treatment at 6 months. Decrease to 50% of the eosinophil count, as well as decrease in dyspnea 1 point on the
mmrc scale and 5 points on the borg scale.
Conclusion: the cases described offer initial evidence of our medical practice on the benefits of triple therapy in
patients with copd associated with firewood. Beclomethasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium have demonstrated good tolerance and safety without presenting adverse effects. These benefits have allowed the patient a better quality of life and a radical decrease in the prevalence of symptoms.
The Impact Of Affordable Housing On Community Development And Economic Growth
Authors: . .
Published: December 2024

This article provides an in-depth analysis of affordable housing’s economic and social benefits, examining its
role in job creation, community revitalization, and enhancing quality of life. It describes the successes and
challenges of affordable housing initiatives through detailed case studies such as Texas's regional strategies and
Denver’s community-centered programs, international communities, and journal reviews of professional articles.
The discussion addresses significant policy frameworks, including innovative financing methods like housing
bonds and tax incentives, and sustainable building practices' importance. The article concludes with a call to scale affordable housing nationally, stressing its potential to stimulate long-term economic growth and foster diverse, inclusive communities
Experimental Evaluation Of Diesel Blends Mixed With Used Vegetable Oil, And Butanol On Performance And Emission Of CI Engine
Authors: Sharma Prashant , Sharma Dr.Jaidev
Published: December 2024

Transportation today is mostly powered by internal combustion engines (ICE), but there are concerns about
their impact on human health and the environment. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that is similar to diesel fuel. It
contains more oxygen than diesel, which leads to better combustion. The performance and emissions were measured at load conditions of 35%, 50%, 70%, and full load. The study showed that D70V20B10 resulted in performance (torque, power, efficiency, etc.) similar to diesel, with lower UHC emissions
Layer deposition strategies in FFF technology and their influence on tribological properties
Authors: Mitaľ Gerhard , Spišák Emil
Published: December 2024

The work focuses on the tribological properties of materials that are not yet fully explored due to their
manufacturing technologies. The work focuses on the fabrication of samples produced by Fused Filament
Fabrication (FFF) technology and their subsequent testing for abrasive wear. In the second chapter, the thesis
deals with an introduction to tribology and a description of all wear occurring on the surfaces of the materials.
The aim of the experiment is to compare different coating strategies in FFF technology and their effect on abrasive wear at given process parameters and according to ASTM standardized tests, and then to compare and evaluate the different strategies
Educação Quilombola E A Lei 10.639/2003 Como Mecanismos Para O Combate Ao Racismo Nas Escola
Authors: Lima Carlos Rochester Ferreira De , Sanches Keila Lima , Almeida Jean Lucas Oliveira De , Muniz Cricielle Aguiar , Souza Marcos Teixeira De
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a importância da cultura afro-brasileira e africana no currículo escolar,
com foco na promoção da inclusão e no combate ao racismo por meio da educação quilombola.. A metodologia
adotada foi uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, com a participação de quinze professores de
uma escola brasileira, selecionados por conveniência. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas em
profundidade, gravadas com o consentimento dos participantes, e a análise foi conduzida utilizando a técnica da
análise do discurso. Os resultados mostraram que, embora os professores reconheçam a relevância da inclusão
da cultura afro-brasileira no currículo para promover a igualdade racial, eles enfrentam desafios como a falta
de formação específica, a escassez de materiais didáticos adequados e resistência por parte de alunos e famílias.
A importância dessa inclusão está diretamente relacionada à possibilidade de reduzir preconceitos, fortalecer a
identidade dos alunos negros e promover o respeito à diversidade cultural, elementos fundamentais para
combater o racismo. Conclui-se que, para que a Lei 10.639/2003 tenha um impacto significativo, é fundamental
que as escolas ofereçam suporte adequado aos docentes, com formação continuada e recursos didáticos, além de envolver toda a comunidade escolar na promoção de uma educação inclusiva, que valorize e respeite as diferentes culturas e contribua para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa
Perception Of The Students Regarding The Advent Of New Learning Methods Compared To The Traditional Ones
Authors: Arora Ayushi , Bhatia Dr. Ambika
Published: December 2024

The educational landscape is continuously evolving with the integration of new technologies and methodologies
into traditional learning environments. This study aims to explore the perception of students regarding the
advent of new learning methods in comparison to traditional ones. Through a mixed-methods approach,
including surveys and interviews, data was collected from a diverse sample of students across different
educational levels.
Initial findings suggest that students generally exhibit a positive attitude towards the incorporation of new
learning methods, citing benefits such as increased engagement, interactivity, and flexibility. However, there is
also a notable preference for certain traditional methods, particularly in subjects where hands-on experience
and direct interaction with instructors are deemed essential.
Furthermore, the study identifies various factors influencing students' perception, including personal learning styles, technological proficiency, and cultural backgrounds. Additionally, the role of educators in facilitating the transition towards new learning methods is highlighted as crucial
Mudanças Climáticas E Transtornos De Estresse Em Populações Pediátricas Vulneráveis: Desafios E Estratégias De Intervenção
Authors: . .
Published: December 2024

As mudanças climáticas têm impactos significativos na saúde mental de populações pediátricas vulneráveis,
especialmente no que diz respeito aos transtornos de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. Crianças expostas a
eventos climáticos extremos, como furacões, inundações, secas e ondas de calor, enfrentam estressores que
incluem deslocamento forçado, perdas materiais, separação familiar e interrupção de rotinas essenciais, que são
fundamentais para o desenvolvimento saudável. Essas experiências podem desencadear transtornos de estresse
pós-traumático (TEPT), ansiedade generalizada, sintomas depressivos e dificuldades de ajustamento
comportamental. Estudos, como os de Furr et al. (2010), indicam que crianças que vivenciam desastres naturais
apresentam taxas significativamente mais altas de TEPT em comparação com aquelas que não enfrentaram tais
eventos. Além disso, o impacto indireto das mudanças climáticas, como insegurança alimentar, hídrica e
energética, exacerba as condições de vulnerabilidade, especialmente em crianças de comunidades
economicamente desfavorecidas. Essas condições aumentam os níveis de estresse tóxico, um estado fisiológico
em que o sistema nervoso infantil permanece cronicamente ativado, prejudicando o desenvolvimento cerebral e
a saúde a longo prazo, conforme descrito por Shonkoff et al. (2012). Para crianças com condições pré-existentes,
como transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) ou transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH), o
impacto é ainda mais acentuado, uma vez que essas populações já apresentam maior sensibilidade a mudanças
ambientais e dificuldades na regulação emocional, como observado por Howlin et al. (2004). A integração de
estratégias de intervenção que combinam suporte psicológico, capacitação de profissionais de saúde, criação de
abrigos adaptados às necessidades infantis e inclusão de suporte familiar em políticas climáticas emergem como
soluções fundamentais. Abordagens baseadas na comunidade, como redes de suporte social e educacional, têm
demonstrado eficácia na promoção de resiliência em crianças afetadas, como descrito por Masten (2014). Além
disso, a inclusão da saúde mental infantil nas estratégias de mitigação climática, com foco na redução de
emissões e na prevenção de desastres, é essencial para proteger o bem-estar das futuras gerações. Este estudo
destaca a importância de integrar saúde mental, adaptação climática e inclusão social, reconhecendo crianças
como uma população prioritária em políticas globais de enfrentamento às mudanças climáticas. Conclui-se que
a proteção da saúde mental infantil em contextos de crise climática exige esforços coordenados entre governos,
comunidades e organizações internacionais, garantindo que as crianças vulneráveis tenham acesso a
intervenções oportunas e eficazes para mitigar os impactos das mudanças climáticas sobre sua saúde e
desenvolvimento
Preparation And Evaluation Of A Mixed Vegetable Drink Based On Coconut Milk, Amaranth, Quinoa And Acerola
Authors: Araújo Gian Marcos Dias , Campos Vitória Alves , Silva Juliana Moreira Da , Carvalho Nelson Pereira , Viroli Sérgio Luis Melo
Published: December 2024

Allergic substances present in food pose a great risk to an individual's nutrition and health, depriving them of
nutrients due to food restrictions. The vegetable drink made with coconut milk, amaranth, quinoa and acerola
pulp (BVCAQA) could become a healthy and innovative drink, since the simplicity of the product's composition
and the absence of additives allow it to be used as a nutritious, functional and hypoallergenic food. Formulations
were made without the addition of acerola pulp (A) and with the addition of acerola pulp (B). The physicalchemical analyses followed the Adolfo Lutz Institute's physical-chemical methods for food analysis and the
microbiological analyses followed the Manual of methods for microbiological analysis in food. In order to check
whether there were any significant differences, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied using the SISVAR
program version 5.6. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out using the PAST software. The
vegetable drink based on coconut milk, amaranth, quinoa and acerola pulp was produced naturally, without
stabilizers, thickeners or industrial emulsifiers. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between formulations A
and B for the physicochemical parameter’s soluble solids, pH and humidity. The acerola pulp is acidic and has a
high moisture content. Its addition helps to reduce the pH and increase the moisture and soluble solids content
of the vegetable drink. Its production could be a feasible technological possibility for small manufacturers. The
hygienic and sanitary procedures used in the production of the vegetable drink contributed to its safety and the
absence of microbiological contamination. The coconut, amaranth and quinoa drink flavored with acerola pulp could be a viable alternative for people looking for a balanced, nutritious diet or people who are lactose intolerant or allergic to animal milk and soy proteins
Effect Of Agricultural Cooperative Societies On Poverty Alleviation Among Rural Households In Ikere Local Government Area
Authors: Isaac Ajayi Foluso , Oluwayemisi Akosile Mary , Sunday Olajide David
Published: December 2024

The study examined the effect of agricultural cooperative societies on poverty alleviation among rural households
in Ekiti State with a special reference to Ikere Local Government Area. Primary data sources were used in the
study through self-administered questionnaires and were analyzed using linear regression model. Result from the
study revealed that Agricultural Cooperative Societies have a positive and significant contribution to ending
poverty and hunger among rural households in the Ikere Local Government Area. The study concluded that
Agricultural cooperative societies have a positive and significant effect on poverty alleviation among rural
households in Ekiti State. The study recommends that Agricultural Cooperative Societies should be more
generous in credit facilities to their members. Also, while that is important, the Societies are encouraged to educate their fellow members on the judicious use of funds for profitable investment activities which can reduce poverty lines in their communities
Evaluating the Effect of Hot‐Rolling Reduction on the Mechanical Properties of In Situ Formed Aluminum–Magnesium–Silicon (Al‐Mg2Si) Composites
Authors: Zamani Rashadoddin , Mirzadeh Hamed , Emamy Massoud
Published: October 2019

The effects of hot rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as‐cast Al‐15Mg2Si, Al‐20Mg2Si, and modified Al‐15Mg2Si in situ composites are studied. During rolling, the primary and eutectic Mg2Si particles undergo mechanical fragmentation and move along the rolling direction, which results in the enhancement of ductility of the composite compared to the as‐cast state. At high reductions in thickness, however, severely elongated grains and some cracks are observed in the matrix, which are related to the retardation effect of the widely dispersed particles and also fast cooling of sheets during rolling. These effects are found to be responsible for the observed high tensile strength and low ductility of heavily rolled sheets. It is revealed that the strength–ductility balance of the hot‐rolled sheets, as measured by the tensile toughness, is inferior compared to that of the commercially pure Al sheet as the basis for comparison. Therefore, relatively low reductions in thickness are recommended for processing of these composites. The hot extrusion of these composites is also briefly discussed, and it is characterized as a viable route for processing of these composites to achieve high tensile strength with acceptable ductility.
Liberating N‐CNTs Confined Highly Dispersed CoNx Sites for Selective Hydrogenation of Quinolines
Authors: Gong Wanbing , Yuan Qinglin , Chen Chun , Lv Yang , Lin Yue , Liang Changhao , Wang Guozhong , Zhang Haimin , Zhao Huijun
Published: October 2019

Selective hydrogenation of quinoline and its derivatives is an important means to produce corresponding 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines for a wide spectrum of applications. A facile and efficient “laser irradiation in liquid” technique to liberate the inaccessible highly dispersed CoNx active sites confined inside N‐doped carbon nanotubes is demonstrated. The liberated CoNx sites possess generic catalytic activities toward selective hydrogenation of quinoline and its hydroxyl, methyl, and halogen substituted derivatives into corresponding 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines with almost 100% conversion efficiency and selectivity. This laser irradiation treatment approach should be widely applicable to unlock the catalytic powers of inaccessible catalytic active sites confined by other materials.
Serotonin‐release assay‐negative heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Warkentin Theodore E. , Nazy Ishac , Sheppard Jo‐Ann I. , Smith James W. , Kelton John G. , Arnold Donald M.
Published: October 2019

Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic drug reaction caused by platelet‐activating anti‐platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin antibodies. Pathogenic HIT antibodies can be detected by the serotonin‐release assay (SRA), a platelet activation test. We have regarded the SRA performed in our medical community (“McMaster” SRA) as having high sensitivity and specificity. Recently, the concept of “SRA‐negative HIT” has been proposed for enzyme‐immunoassay (EIA)‐positive/SRA‐negative patients with a HIT‐compatible clinical picture, who test positive in a PF4‐enhanced platelet activation assay. After identifying an index case of SRA‐negative HIT, we estimated the frequency of this condition by performing the “PF4‐SRA” (modified SRA using high concentrations of added PF4 rather than heparin) in EIA‐positive patients from a cohort study evaluating clinical and laboratory diagnosis of HIT. We defined SRA‐negative HIT as patients meeting three criteria: clinical picture compatible with HIT (4Ts ≥ 4 points); EIA‐positive (≥1.00 units); and PF4‐SRA‐positive. Among 430 patients, 35 were EIA‐positive/SRA‐positive and 27 were EIA‐positive/SRA‐negative. Among these 27 SRA‐negative patients, three were found to have subthreshold levels of platelet‐activating antibodies by PF4‐SRA, of whom one met clinical criteria for SRA‐negative HIT. Thus, based on identifying one patient with SRA‐negative HIT within a cohort study that found 35 SRA‐positive HIT patients, we estimate the sensitivity of the McMaster SRA for diagnosis of HIT to be 35/36 (97.2%; 95% CI, 85.8‐99.9%). Although the McMaster SRA is highly sensitive for HIT, occasional SRA‐negative but EIA‐positive patients strongly suspected of having HIT can have this diagnosis supported by a PF4‐enhanced activation assay such as the PF4‐SRA.
Polymorphism of l‐Tryptophan
Authors: Al Rahal Okba , Hughes Colan E. , Williams P. Andrew , Logsdail Andrew J. , Diskin‐Posner Yael , Harris Kenneth D. M.
Published: October 2019

A new polymorph of l‐tryptophan was prepared through crystallization from the gas phase, with structure determination carried out directly from powder XRD data augmented by periodic DFT‐D calculations. The new polymorph (denoted β) and the previously reported polymorph (denoted α) are both based on alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers, but with substantially different hydrogen‐bonding arrangements. The β polymorph exhibits the energetically favourable l2‐l2 hydrogen‐bonding arrangement, which is unprecedented for amino acids with aromatic side chains. The specific molecular conformations adopted in the β polymorph facilitate this hydrogen‐bonding scheme while avoiding steric conflict of the side chains.
A Novel Metastable Pentavalent Plutonium Solid Phase on the Pathway from Aqueous Plutonium(VI) to PuO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kvashnina Kristina O. , Romanchuk Anna Yu. , Pidchenko Ivan , Amidani Lucia , Gerber Evgeny , Trigub Alexander , Rossberg Andre , Weiss Stephan , Popa Karin , Walter Olaf , Caciuffo Roberto , Scheinost Andreas C. , Butorin Sergei M. , Kalmykov Stepan N.
Published: October 2019

Here we provide evidence that the formation of PuO2 nanoparticles from oxidized PuVI under alkaline conditions proceeds through the formation of an intermediate PuV solid phase, similar to NH4PuO2CO3, which is stable over a period of several months. For the first time, state‐of‐the‐art experiments at Pu M4 and at L3 absorption edges combined with theoretical calculations unambiguously allow to determine the oxidation state and the local structure of this intermediate phase.
New Wine in Old Bottles: Prolonging Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of Crown Ethers by Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Wei Peifa , Zhang Xuepeng , Liu Junkai , Shan Guo‐Gang , Zhang Haoke , Qi Ji , Zhao Weijun , Sung Herman H.‐Y. , Williams Ian D. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2019

Supramolecular macrocyclic hosts have long been used in smart materials. However, their triplet emission and regulation at crystal level is rarely studied. Herein, ultralong and universal room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is reported for traditional crown ethers. A supramolecular strategy involving chain length adjustment and morphological locking through complexation with K+ was explored as a general method to tune the phosphorescence lifetime in the solid state. A maximum 10‐fold increase of lifetime after complex formation accompanied with by invisible to visible phosphorescence was achieved. A deep encryption based on this activated RTP strategy was also facilely fabricated. This work thus opens a new world for supramolecular macrocycles and their intrinsic guest responsiveness offers a new avenue for versatile smart luminescent materials.
Synthetic Humic Acids Solubilize Otherwise Insoluble Phosphates to Improve Soil Fertility
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Shuaishuai , Song Jingpeng , Du Qing , Li Guixiang , Tarakina Nadezda V. , Antonietti Markus
Published: October 2019

Artificial humic acids (A‐HA) made from biomass in a hydrothermal process turn otherwise highly insoluble phosphates (e.g. iron phosphate as a model) into highly available phosphorus, which contributes to the fertility of soils and the coupled plant growth. A detailed electron microscopy study revealed etching of the primary iron phosphate crystals by the ‐COOH and phenolic groups of humic acids, but also illustrated the importance of the redox properties of humic matter on the nanoscale. The combined effects result in the formation of then bioavailable phosphate nanoparticles stabilized by humic matter. Typical agricultural chemical tests indicate that the content of total P and directly plant‐available P improved largely. Comparative pot planting experiments before and after treatment of phosphates with A‐HA demonstrate significantly enhanced plant growth, as quantified in higher aboveground and belowground plant biomass.
Electrocatalytic properties of a dinuclear cobalt(III) coordination compound in molecular oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Kamyabi Mohammad Ali , Soleymani‐Bonoti Fatemeh , Alirezaei Fariba , Bikas Rahman , Noshiranzadeh Nader , Emami Marzieh , Krawczyk Marta S. , Lis Tadeusz
Published: October 2019

A new dinuclear cobalt(III) coordination compound, [Co2L(μ‐N3)(N3)2]·CH3OH (1), was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods, and single‐crystal X‐ray analysis in which H3L is a heptadentate ligand obtained by the condensation of triethylenetetramine with 5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. X‐ray analysis revealed that two cobalt(III) ions have distorted octahedral geometry and are connected together by a phenoxy and an azide bridging ligand. The catalytic activity of compound 1 for oxygen (O2) reduction reaction was investigated. Compound 1 can efficiently catalyze the reduction of O2 by a weak electron donor, ferrocene (Fc), at the polarized water–1,2‐dichloroethane interface. It was found that compound 1 can catalyze O2 reduction to H2O2, whereas in the presence of Fc, it can catalyze the reduction of O2 to water.
Temperament and character as risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Hooijer Annelie A. T. , Sizoo Bram B.
Published: October 2019

Persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are suggested to have an increased risk for suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but this topic is largely understudied. Research indicates that temperament and character traits are associated with suicidal behavior in persons without ASD, with higher scores for novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), and self‐transcedence (ST), and lower scores for self‐directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (CO). Usually persons with ASD have temperament and character profiles with high HA, and low NS, reward dependence (RD), SD, and CO. The aim is to investigate whether there is a relationship between temperament and character traits and suicide ideation and attempts in adults with ASD. Seventy‐four adults with ASD participated by completing self‐report measures on suicide thoughts and behavior, depression, and temperament. Independent sample t‐tests were conducted to compare scores between attempters versus nonattempters and between ideators versus nonideators. Regression analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of temperament and character. T‐tests showed lower NS and SD, and higher HA for ideators versus nonideators, but not for attempters versus nonattempters. Regression models showed no significant relation between suicide ideation and NS, SD, HA after the latter were controlled for the significant influence of depression. Temperament and character can probably not be used for predicting suicide ideation and attempts, based on results from the current sample. Clinicians must take note of the high prevalence and risk of depression among persons with ASD, which may be under‐reported. Autism Res 2020, 13: 104–111. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Lay Summary

The aim of the current study was to uncover risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism, since this urgent topic is largely understudied. We initially investigated whether temperament and character could be risk factors, but found no association. However, we did find that depression might be a high predictor for suicide ideation, which could remain under‐reported in adults with autism, due to impaired communication and problems with expressing emotions and thoughts.
The volume of 99mTc sulfur colloid SPET‐defined active bone marrow can predict grade 3 or higher acute hematologic toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who receive chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Shan‐Bing , Liu Jia‐Pei , Lei Kai‐Jian , Jia Yu‐Ming , Xu Yan , Rong Jin‐Feng , Wang Chun‐Xiu
Published: October 2019

Background

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether radiation dose‐volume metrics to technetium‐99m (99mTc) sulfur colloid single‐photon emission tomography (SPET)‐defined active bone marrow (ABM) subregions can more accurately predict acute hematologic toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who receive chemoradiotherapy than conventional dosimetric parameters.

Methods and materials

Thirty‐nine patients with stage IB2‐III cervical cancer who underwent 99mTc sulfur colloid SPET imaging before treatment with cisplatin‐based chemoradiation between January 2017 and March 2018 were analyzed. The total bone marrow (TBM) volume was defined as the external contours of all bones within the vertebral bodies from L4 to the coccyx, the pelvic bones, and the proximal femoral heads. The ABM volume was defined by SPET as the subregion of TBM with a nuclide uptake value greater than or equal to the mean total body nuclide uptake value. Student's t test was used to test for statistical significance between TBM and ABM dose‐volume metrics. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare the predictors of grade 3 or higher (grade 3+) hematologic toxicity.

Results

The mean ABM‐V40 (23.22% ± 7.65%) and ABM‐V30 (45.28% ± 9.20%) were significantly lower than the mean TBM‐V40 (33.06% ± 6.72%) and TBM‐V30 (53.08% ± 7.77%), respectively (t = 5.78, P = .001) (t = 4.13, P = .001). The ABM volume (<387.5 cm3, AUC = 0.928, P = .001), ABM‐V30 (>46.5%, AUC = 0.875, P = .001), and ABM‐V40 (>23.5%, AUC = 0.858, P = .001) can predict the occurrence of grade 3+ hematologic toxicity. Among patients with an ABM volume < 387.5 cm3, 16/19 (84.2%) had grade 3+ hematologic toxicity compared to 3/20 (15%) with an ABM volume > 387.5 cm3.

Conclusions

The ABM volume (<387.5 cm3) may be a better predictor of hematologic toxicity than conventional dose‐volume metrics, but this finding needs to be further evaluated.
G‐Quadruplex‐Binding Small Molecule Induces Synthetic Lethality in Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting c‐MYC and BCL2 Expression
Authors: Paul Rakesh , Das Tania , Debnath Manish , Chauhan Ajay , Dash Jyotirmayee
Published: October 2019

Herein, a prolinamide‐derived peptidomimetic that preferentially binds to c‐MYC and BCL2 G‐quadruplexes present in the promoter regions of apoptosis‐related genes (c‐MYC and BCL2) over other DNA quadruplexes are described. Biological assays, such as real‐time quantitative reverse transcription, western blot, dual luciferase, and small interfering RNA knockdown assays, indicate that the ligand triggers a synthetic lethal interaction by simultaneously inhibiting the expression of c‐MYC and BCL2 genes through their promoter G‐quadruplexes. The ligand shows antiproliferative activity in MCF‐7 cells that overexpress both MYC and BCL2 genes, in comparison to cells that overexpress either of the two. Moreover, the ligand induces S‐phase cell‐cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells.
Rotated mesiodens in children. An immediate surgical removal or active monitoring?
Authors: Thomaidis Vasilios , Tsoucalas Gregory , Fiska Aliki
Published: October 2019

Rotated mesiodentes impaction is a rare variant of dental anatomy which may cause a cluster of symptoms damaging nearby structures. Although some recommend a delayed approach, after the end of teeth development, it seems that an immediate surgical removal would be of great benefit for the patients involved.
A Gentler Touch: Synthesis of Modern Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Sustained by Mechanical Force
Authors: Mukherjee Nirmalya , Marczyk Anna , Szczepaniak Grzegorz , Sytniczuk Adrian , Kajetanowicz Anna , Grela Karol
Published: October 2019

Mechanochemical synthesis of nine contemporary ruthenium catalysts used for olefin metathesis is described, being the first reported example of formation of Ru carbene organometallic complexes in solid state. Three key organometallic transformations commonly used in the synthesis of the second and third generations of Ru catalysts in solution—phosphine ligand (PCy3) exchange with in situ formed N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, PCy3 to pyridine ligand replacement, and benzylidene ligands interchange—were proved to work under mechanochemical conditions, affording the targets in high purity. Mechanochemical approach not only requires less amounts of organic solvent (null for synthesis, only for purification) and is scalable, but also allows for transformations that were reported impossible in the solution phase.
Morphology Modulation‐Engineered Flowerlike In2S3 via Ionothermal Method for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Feng Jiaqi , Gao Hongshuai , Feng Jianpeng , Liu Lei , Zeng Shaojuan , Dong Haifeng , Bai Yinge , Liu Licheng , Zhang Xiangping
Published: October 2019

Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to chemicals is a promising route to convert and utilize CO2 under atmospheric conditions. However, the relative poor reaction efficiency seriously hinders the practical applications of this route. In this work, flowerlike In2S3 assembled by nanoflakes was synthesized via ionothermal method and exhibited a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 86 % with excellent formate formation rate of 478 μmol h−1 cm−2 in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. Flowerlike structure can provide large electrochemically active surface area and enhance mass transfer rate. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the origin of the improved performance can be attributed to the large adsorption energy of CO2* and OCHO* intermediate on the (440) facet which is the main exposed crystal facet of flowerlike In2S3.[f1]
Additives for Cycle Life Improvement of High‐Voltage LNMO‐Based Li‐Ion Cells
Authors: Hofmann Andreas , Höweling Andres , Bohn Nicole , Müller Marcus , Binder Joachim R. , Hanemann Thomas
Published: October 2019

In this empirical study, five electrolyte additives, namely, lithium bis(oxalato) borate, lithium difluoro(oxalato) borate, 1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole, 1‐vinyl imidazole and dimethyl‐2,5‐dioxahexane dioate are described and compared regarding their effect in LNMO//graphite cells. The additives were selected from a preliminary study of 59 potential additives. The basis electrolyte mixture is DMC/EC+1 M LiPF6 (LP30) for all cells. All additives are able to enhance the cycle life at room temperature and at elevated temperatures (50 °C) significantly compared to the non‐additive electrolyte blend (basis electrolyte). The cell enhancement is discussed based on the solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) and metal‐ion content on anode side. The aim of the study is to suggest promising already known as well as new additives that are able to overcome the issue of rapid capacity fading of LNMO‐based cells when the cells are cycled up to 4.8–5.0 V vs. Li/Li+, especially at higher temperatures.
Metal‐Free Aryl Cross‐Coupling Directed by Traceless Linkers
Authors: Haensch Veit G. , Neuwirth Toni , Steinmetzer Johannes , Kloss Florian , Beckert Rainer , Gräfe Stefanie , Kupfer Stephan , Hertweck Christian
Published: October 2019

The metal‐free, highly selective synthesis of biaryls poses a major challenge in organic synthesis. The scope and mechanism of a promising new approach to (hetero)biaryls by the photochemical fusion of aryl substituents tethered to a traceless sulfonamide linker (photosplicing) are reported. Interrogating photosplicing with varying reaction conditions and comparison of diverse synthetic probes (40 examples, including a suite of heterocycles) showed that the reaction has a surprisingly broad scope and involves neither metals nor radicals. Quantum chemical calculations revealed that the C−C bond is formed by an intramolecular photochemical process that involves an excited singlet state and traversal of a five‐membered transition state, and thus consistent ipso–ipso coupling results. These results demonstrate that photosplicing is a unique aryl cross‐coupling method in the excited state that can be applied to synthesize a broad range of biaryls.
Integrated Ultrafine Co0.85Se in Carbon Nanofibers: An Efficient and Robust Bifunctional Catalyst for Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Gui Liangqi , Huang Ziliang , Ai Ding , He Beibei , Zhou Wei , Sun Jian , Xu Jianmei , Wang Qing , Zhao Ling
Published: October 2019

Transition‐metal selenides are emerging as alternative bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR); however, their activity and stability are still less than desirable. Herein, ultrafine Co0.85Se nanoparticles encapsulated into carbon nanofibers (CNFs), Co0.85Se@CNFs, is reported as an integrated bifunctional catalyst for OER and ORR. This catalyst exhibits a low OER potential of 1.58 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) (EJ=10, OER) to achieve a current density (J) of 10 mA cm−2 and a high ORR potential of 0.84 V vs. RHE (EJ=−1, ORR) to reach −1 mA cm−2. Thus, the potential between EJ=10, OER and EJ=−1, ORR is only 0.74 V, indicating considerable bifunctional activity. The excellent bifunctionality can be attributed to high electronic conduction, abundant electrochemically active sites, and the synergistic effect of Co0.85Se and CNFs. Furthermore, this Co0.85Se@CNFs catalyst displays good cycling stability for both OER and ORR. This study paves a new way for the rational design of hybrid catalysts composed of transition‐metal selenides and carbon materials for efficiently catalyzing OER and ORR.
Ascorbic Acid as an Aryl Radical Inducer in the Gold‐Mediated Arylation of Indoles with Aryldiazonium Chlorides
Authors: Medina‐Mercado Ignacio , Asomoza‐Solís Eric Omar , Martínez‐González Eduardo , Ugalde‐Saldívar Victor Manuel , Ledesma‐Olvera Lydia Gabriela , Barquera‐Lozada José Enrique , Gómez‐Vidales Virginia , Barroso‐Flores Joaquín , Frontana‐Uribe Bernardo A. , Porcel Susana
Published: October 2019

In recent years interest in the development of protocols that facilitate the oxidative addition of gold to access mild cross‐coupling processes mediated by this metal has increased. In this context, we report herein that ascorbic acid, a natural and readily accessible antioxidant, can be used to accelerate the oxidative addition of aryldiazonium chlorides onto AuI. The aryl–AuIII species generated in this way, has been used to prepare 3‐arylindoles in a one‐pot protocol starting from anilines and para‐, meta‐, and ortho‐ substituted aryldiazonium chlorides. The mechanism underlying the oxidative addition has been examined in detail based on EPR analyses, cyclic voltammetry, and DFT calculations. Interestingly, we have found that in this protocol, the chloride atom induces the AuII/AuIII oxidation step.
Impact of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the Removal of F− by Magnesium Potassium Phosphate
Authors: Deng Linyu , Wang Ying , Huang Tinglin
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the influence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the removal of F− by magnesium potassium phosphate (MPP) from water. The kinetic experiments reveal that the F− concentration decreased from 3.5 to 3.31 mg L−1 in a single (F−) system and to 1.45 mg L−1 in a ternary system (F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+) after 1 min, respectively. Thus, the F− removal efficiencies are found to increase by about 53% with the co‐active effect of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the solution. Moreover, Ca2+ and Mg2+ are almost completely removed in the F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ system. According to the pseudo‐first‐order modeling, the rate constants k for F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ are 0.00348, 0.0106, and 0.0159 min−1 respectively; thus, Mg2+ > Ca2+ > F−. In the ternary system, the removal efficiencies are 53.29–66.03% for F−, 99.99–100% for Ca2+, and 87.21–95.19% for Mg2+ with initial pH 5–10. The removal efficiencies of F− increases with increases in initial concentrations of F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The removal of F− is governed by two routes: 1) adsorption by electrostatic interactions and outer sphere surface complexation; 2) co‐precipitation with Ca3(PO4)2, CaHPO4, Mg3(PO4)2, and Mg(OH)2.
Characterization of plexinA and two distinct semaphorin1a transcripts in the developing and adult cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Horch Hadley W. , Spicer Sara B. , Low Isabel I. C. , Joncas Colby T. , Quenzer Eleanor D. , Okoya Hikmah , Ledwidge Lisa M. , Fisher Harrison P.
Published: October 2019

Guidance cues act during development to guide growth cones to their proper targets in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Experiments in many species indicate that guidance molecules also play important roles after development, though less is understood about their functions in the adult. The Semaphorin family of guidance cues, signaling through Plexin receptors, influences the development of both axons and dendrites in invertebrates. Semaphorin functions have been extensively explored in Drosophila melanogaster and some other Dipteran species, but little is known about their function in hemimetabolous insects. Here, we characterize sema1a and plexA in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. In fact, we found two distinct predicted Sema1a proteins in this species, Sema1a.1 and Sema1a.2, which shared only 48% identity at the amino acid level. We include a phylogenetic analysis that predicted that many other insect species, both holometabolous and hemimetabolous, express two Sema1a proteins as well. Finally, we used in situ hybridization to show that sema1a.1 and sema1a.2 expression patterns were spatially distinct in the embryo, and both roughly overlap with plexA. All three transcripts were also expressed in the adult brain, mainly in the mushroom bodies, though sema1a.2 was expressed most robustly. sema1a.2 was also expressed strongly in the adult thoracic ganglia while sema1a.1 was only weakly expressed and plexA was undetectable.
Light‐Modulated Self‐Blockage of a Urea Binding Site in a Stiff‐Stilbene Based Anion Receptor
Authors: de Jong Jorn , Feringa Ben L. , Wezenberg Sander J.
Published: October 2019

Anion binding to a receptor based on stiff‐stilbene, which is equipped with a urea hydrogen bond donating group and a phosphate or phosphinate hydrogen bond accepting group, can be controlled by light. In one photoaddressable state (E isomer) the urea binding site is available for binding, while in the other (Z isomer) it is blocked because of an intramolecular interaction with its hydrogen bond accepting motif. This intramolecular interaction is supported by DFT calculations and 1H NMR titrations reveal a significantly lower anion binding strength for the state in which anion binding is blocked. Furthermore, the molecular switching process has been studied in detail by UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy. The presented approach opens up new opportunities toward the development of photoresponsive anion receptors.
CAR T‐Cell Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies: A Voyage in Progress
Authors: Holstein Sarah A. , Lunning Matthew A.
Published: October 2019

The development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy for select hematological malignancies represents one of the most remarkable therapeutic advances in the past decade. Currently, CD19‐targeted CAR T‐cell therapy is approved for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, there is significant interest in the application of CAR T‐cell therapy to other hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma, where the current focus is on the development of B‐cell maturation antigen‐directed CAR T‐cell therapy. Despite the successes achieved to date, there remain significant challenges associated with CAR T‐cell therapy and substantial research efforts are underway to develop new targets and approaches. Here, we provide an overview of the rapidly evolving landscape of CAR T‐cell therapy in hematological malignancies and look ahead at the advances that will shape the future of this field.
CD33 expression on natural killer cells is a potential confounder for residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia by flow cytometry
Authors: Eckel Ashley M. , Cherian Sindhu , Miller Valerie , Soma Lorinda
Published: October 2019

Detection of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is important for guiding patient‐specific clinical management. Natural killer (NK) cells can express various markers not typically associated with NK lineage, potentially confounding the detection of MRD by flow cytometry. We have observed CD33 expression on NK cells when evaluating for AML MRD in routine clinical practice in multiple patient samples. To characterize CD33 expression on NK cells, 40 peripheral blood or bone marrow samples with NK cells present at >5% of lymphocytes were selected for further assessment of NK cell phenotype and CD33 expression. Seven of the 40 samples (17.5%) were found to have CD33 expression on at least 5% of the NK cells. The CD33‐positive NK cell population accounted for an average of 11.4% of NK cells (median 11.9%, range 8.0–15.3%) and 2.2% of total white cells (median 1.1%, range 0.1‐10.1%). This NK cell subset expressed bright CD2, bright CD56, and dim CD16. On average, CD33 expression on NK cells was dimmer than on monocytes (mean median fluorescence intensity ratio 0.4; range 0.1‐1.0). This study characterizes expression of CD33 on NK cells. Recognition of this pattern of antigen expression is critical in evaluating samples for MRD in patients with myeloid neoplasms, particularly AML.
A survey on privacy and access control schemes in fog computing
Authors: Khalid Tauqeer , Abbasi Muhammad Abbas Khan , Zuraiz Maria , Khan Abdul Nasir , Ali Mazhar , Ahmad Raja Wasim , Rodrigues Joel J.P.C. , Aslam Mudassar
Published: October 2019

To provide reliable data storage and retrieval services to the end users, the cloud service provider implements secure data storage, sharing, and retrieval mechanisms. However, the aforesaid services provided by cloud have certain pitfalls, such as decision latency and real‐time data computation. To address these aforementioned problems, fog computing was introduced for the purpose of providing cloud services at the network's edge. While this migration of the cloud services to the network's edge raises various security concerns, such as trust, authentication, mobility, intrusion, network security, and secure data computation. Among these concerns, the most critical issues that need immediate attention of researchers and practitioners are of privacy and access control in fog computing which are in direct relation to secure data storage and retrieval purposes. So, in order to highlight their importance for research community, this survey embodies to discuss, explain, and compare various privacy preserving and access control schemes in the context of fog computing for classifying and analyzing similarities and variances with respect to other researchers. Moreover, upon classification and analysis of these schemes, various open issues and future directions are also presented for researchers and practitioners for the purpose of enhancing security algorithms to address privacy and access control issues in fog computing.
Gold‐Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts‐Like Reaction of Benzylic Alcohols to Afford 1,1‐Diarylalkanes
Authors: Oakley James V. , Stanley Tyler J. , Jesse Kate A. , Melanese Amanda K. , Alvarez Araceli A. , Prince Aloha L. , Cain Stephanie E. , Wenzel Anna G. , Iafe Robert G.
Published: October 2019

A gold‐catalyzed, Friedel–Crafts‐like benzylation of unactivated benzylic alcohols to form 1,1‐diarylalkanes has been developed. The operationally convenient method uses only 1.3 equivalents of the electron‐rich arene, employs readily available starting materials, is highly reproducible, and is tolerant of moisture. Moderate‐to‐high product yields (34–99 %) with excellent regioselectivity were obtained. In particular, the intramolecular arylation of benzylic alcohols to afford substituted fluorenes represents a new avenue for gold research.
Source Identification and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Enriched PM2.5 in Tangshan, China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xu Houjun , Fang Bo , Wang Hongwei , Yang Ze , Yang Wenqi , Hao Yulan , Wang Xuesheng , Wang Qian , Wang Manman
Published: October 2019

Tangshan city in Hebei Province is one of the most heavily polluted cities in China, with substantial industrial emissions. The development of effective air pollution emission reduction policies requires knowledge of the sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We investigated the seasonal variation and source apportionment of 16 priority PAH-enriched PM2.5 samples in Tangshan during 2014 and 2015, and we assessed the health risks associated with inhalation exposure to PAHs. The PM2.5 samples were collected from April 2014 to February 2015. We analyzed the concentrations of PM2.5 and PAH-enriched PM2.5, and used principal component analysis and molecular diagnostic ratios to identify potential sources. We explored the relationship between distribution and meteorological conditions, and used an incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model to quantitatively evaluate exposure from the inhalation risk of PAHs. The average mass concentration of PM2.5 was 196 µg/m3, with a range 34.0 to 586 µg/m3. The median ∑16PAH values in PM2.5 were 190 ng/m3, with a range of 60.2 to 862 ng/m3 over the sampling period. The order of ∑16PAHs concentration was winter > autumn > summer > spring. The results show that the primary sources of PAH-enriched PM2.5 are coal combustion, vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning. The annual mean of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was 8.37 ng/m3, more than 8-fold greater than the BaP annual standard (1 ng/m3) set by the Chinese State Environmental Protection Agency. The ILCR values for 3 groups (children, teenagers, and adults) over the 4 seasons were between 10–6 and 10–4, indicating a potential health risk from PAHs in Tangshan. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:458–467. © 2019 SETAC