bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Object of illegal activity of organizing or conducting gambling games, lotteries and its place in the system of criminal law norms
Authors: Nachynjanyj D.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the object of the criminal law norm on illegal activities of organizing or conducting gambling games, lotteries, the results of which proved the correctness of the location of Art. 203-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in Chapter VII entitled “Criminal offenses in the sphere of economic activity”. The article analyzes the specifics of the definition of the main direct object of the criminal offense provided for in Art. 203-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which in the third form of the objective side has a controversial interpretation, in particular, it is considered as social relations of morality. In the part related to this issue, the regulatory legislation was analyzed, namely the Law of Ukraine “On State Lotteries in Ukraine” dated 09/06/2012 No. 5204-VI and the Law of Ukraine “On State Regulation of Activities Regarding the Organization and Conduct of Gambling Games” dated 07/14/2020 No. 768-IX.

It was established that the act is provided for in the third form of the current edition of Art. 203-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine covers the organization and operation of the institution with the aim of providing access to gambling and lotteries. Along with this, it was found that certain types of such activities, despite the criminal law prohibition, are allowed by the regulatory legislation, in particular it was proved that the organization and ensuring the functioning of the establishment with the aim of providing access to gambling games, lotteries should be considered non-equestrian and therefore prohibited only in the case when it concerns:

a physically existing establishment (Internet clubs or internet cafes);

a virtual institution, the organization and functioning of which is carried out without the appropriate permission documents (license).

Organizing or ensuring the functioning of a virtual establishment for the purpose of providing access to gambling games or lotteries conducted on the Internet in the presence of an appropriate license is not subject to a complete criminal law ban.

This causes confusion in the definition of the object of this criminal offense, which is justified in the article to consider public relations in the sphere of economic activities related to the organization of gambling and lotteries

In order to eliminate conflicts and inconsistencies between the current criminal and regulatory legislation, it is proposed to make changes to the current wording of Art. 203-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in particular, in the third form of the objective party, the actions described in it are justified to be described at the legislative level by the concept of “illegal”.
Legal essence of the European Union
Authors: Dir I.Yu.
Published: February 2024

The article summarizes the analysis of the concept of “European Union”. A lot of scientific publications are devoted to the European Union, which concern both the law of the European Union and its economic and monetary union. However, over the years of research on the European Union, scientists have not yet formed a consensus on what the Alliance is by nature: an international organization, a political system, an entity, or a state. This issue is especially relevant in the context of Ukraine’s European integration aspirations. Several definitions of the concept of the “European Union” were analysed from the point of view of various scientists. In addition, the main goals and values cherished by the EU within the organization and on the world were investigated. It was also determined that the European Union is inherently a unique structure that is special in the system of geopolitics. It all started with a certain regional dimension, and today we can talk about a distinctive interstate entity on the larger territory of the European region. During its history the union, which were formed for the purpose of obtaining economic benefits has gone from interstate agreements to a common currency and foreign policy and security architecture. The EU has both the features inherent in the state form of governance and the characteristics inherent in international intergovernmental organizations. In addition, it was determined that the historical development of the European Union and, especially, its activities at the present stage, make it possible to analyse its nature and find an appropriate place in the international political system. It was also analysed that there are no analogues to this union in the world, and it was determined that the EU has long been a subject of international law, regardless of what form of integration its founders planned to create from the moment of its foundation or in the future of its development. It was also found that today’s institutions of the European Union in many moments remind us of national authorities, but this is explained by the fact that they have long and effectively ensured the functioning of the state mechanism in states around the world.
Rule-making by executive authorities: problems of theory and practice
Authors: Panasiuk V.M. , Baltsii Y.Y. , Synytsyn P.M.
Published: February 2024

The article examines problematic issues of rule-making by executive authorities, which are aimed at improving and ensuring the effectiveness of rule-making activities, which is an effective condition for the successful formation of the legal system of Ukraine, taking into account the state-legal reform, as well as the current level of its development.

When implementing state-legal reform, the needs of rule-making have their own peculiarity, since the legal regulation of social relations cannot be imagined without normative-legal acts of executive authorities. As a result, it can be seen that the main task in this area is to improve and optimize the forms of implementation of their rule-making activities and to determine the degree of legal influence on social relations.

In Ukraine, until recently, due attention was not paid to the problems of sub-legal norm-making. In some areas, they were covered only fragmentarily. As a result, the practice of implementing rule-making activities remains ineffective, since the activities of executive authorities are largely disorganized, and the creation of a new system is extremely slow and contradictory.

It was determined that rule-making is a special activity of the state, in the person of specially authorized subjects of power, which are aimed at the normative consolidation of public needs and interests and the provision of appropriate conditions for the realization of the rights and freedoms of citizens and their effective protection, which is carried out by creating a system internally agreed normative legal acts with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of regulation of social relations in Ukraine.

It is noted that the most fully reveal the content and purpose of the rule-making activity of the executive authorities, its main principles and special features, which contribute to the actual reflection of social regularities in legal prescriptions.

Proposals regarding the improvement of legal regulation of the rule-making activity of the executive authorities were provided.
Peculiarities of judicial protection of the social rights of military personnel in Ukraine
Authors: Rekshinskiy V.O.
Published: February 2024

The article provides a social and legal analysis of the importance of judicial protection of the social rights of military personnel in Ukraine. It establishes that judicial protection represents a distinct form of jurisdictional safeguard for the social rights of military personnel, complementing parliamentary and administrative forms of protection. A key characteristic of this form of protection is its role in facilitating the defense of human rights, a fundamental aspect of a rule of law state, realized through the functioning of judicial courts and the actions of judges authorized to administer justice. The unique aspects of judicial power facilitate a civilizational reevaluation of the relationship between the state and military personnel. In this dynamic, the state acknowledges the human dignity of military personnel and, consequently, recognizes the necessity of their social security, which is partially achieved through the protection of their social rights. The judicial form of protecting the social rights of military personnel is distinctive in that among various jurisdictional forms of social rights protection, it is the most accessible to military personnel. This accessibility upholds their right to judicial protection and ensures procedural access to justice. Furthermore, compared to other jurisdictional forms of social rights protection, the judicial protection of military personnel’s social rights adheres to the highest standards for ensuring the quality of legal protection. Additionally, the author highlights that the judicial protection of social rights for Ukrainian military personnel manifests both nationally—in the activities of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the Supreme Court, and administrative courts—and regionally at the international level, as seen in the proceedings of the European Court of Human Rights. The article’s conclusion summarizes the study’s findings, noting that the state, as the guarantor of constitutional human rights for all, including military personnel, should aid in enhancing the functioning of the justice system. This enhancement is crucial to ensure the realization of military personnel’s rights to accessible and fair justice, aiming to minimize not only procedural but also actual barriers. Such improvement is essential for enabling these employees (military personnel) to fully utilize the judicial forms available for the protection of their social rights.
Francisco Prat Puig. Su actividad social y cultural entre Cataluña, Agde, La Habana y Santiago de Cuba (1906 - 1997)
Authors: Sola Alonso José Ramón , Fernández Urguellés Daniel
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación), destaca una relevante figura del magisterio universitario que desde 1947 formó parte del claustro de profesores de la Universidad de Oriente. Se trata de un emigrado catalán que llegó a esta Patria con reconocidos logros como pedagogo, investigador, arqueólogo y restaurador. Su formación, primeras actividades en España y su vivencia en Francia exigen un reconocimiento, en el ánimo de reencontrar la sustancia cultural con la que arriba a la isla, y desde él, aproximarnos al proceso de conocimiento, interpretación y simbiosis con la historia y cultura cubanas.
Que los cuentos no te cuenten un cuento. Una propuesta para el aula de 4.º de primaria
Authors: Riera González María , Rodríguez-Olay Lucía
Published: February 2024

La Literatura Infantil y Juvenil legitima y/o cuestiona los mandatos de género presentes en nuestra sociedad. Promover la lectura crítica de las obras literarias para favorecer una reflexión con perspectiva de género es, por tanto, fundamental. El presente trabajo recoge una propuesta didáctica diseñada para el alumnado de cuarto de Educación Primaria y orientada al análisis crítico de los estereotipos de género, especialmente los asociados a la masculinidad. La propuesta se estructura a través de actividades de reflexión y creación con las que se analizan tres fragmentos literarios. La revisión bibliográfica realizada trata de corroborar el papel relevante que juega la LIJ en la construcción del género en la infancia, así como los elementos que definen la idea de masculinidad. De este modo, ha sido posible diseñar una propuesta didáctica orientada hacia la exploración de otros modos de ser para niños y hombres.
Visualización y movilidad inclusiva para adultos mayores con discapacidad motriz en Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México
Authors:   , Collantes Vázquez Víctor Manuel
Published: February 2024

Hoy en día, hablar de diseño, innovación y su influencia en la vida cotidiana es un tema cada día más necesarios. Distintas tendencias se están manifestando en relación a la mejora de la movilidad urbana y la inclusión como un puente hacia el desarrollo inclusivo. Es una prioridad para el diseñador contemporáneo la búsqueda de oportunidades con base en metodologías que aporten valor a estos fines en lo individual y lo colectivo. Este tema explora la pertinencia del diseño y visualización de la información en el alivio de situaciones que determinan una problemática en el segmento de la creciente población de personas adultas mayores, enfocándose en la accesibilidad, la inclusión y el estudio de las necesidades de la vida cotidiana, en búsqueda de oportunidades para aportar valor a las personas con discapacidad, así como a sus familiares, cuidadores y otras personas que conforman su círculo social. Esta investigación propone un estudio para identificar oportunidades para mejorar la movilidad urbana derivada de las necesidades de los adultos mayores con discapacidad física para caminar. Los resultados identificados se orientaron a la pertinencia del diseño en el alivio de situaciones que determinan un cambio de la vida cotidiana, enfocándose en la solución a aspectos que dificultan sus desplazamientos y otros que se relacionan con la marginación. La aportación principal es un modelo metodológico de estudio que se apoya en metodologías de diseño y recurre a aspectos de metodología social y metodología de generación de modelos de negocio, para buscar aportar valor hacia el usuario, entendiéndolo como un cliente, pero al mismo tiempo como agente que forma parte de un sistema de intercambio de productos o servicios. El modelo se pretende que pueda ser replicable en otras alcaldías y ciudades. En la última parte del documento se describe la propuesta de un artefacto de tecnología digital para dispositivos móviles que se apoya el diseño, la visualización de la información cuyos resultados se evaluaron por medio de instrumentos metodológicos que consideraron indicadores y metas observables y medibles.
Najnowsze doniesienia naukowe dotyczące właściwości i klinicznego zastosowania rosuwastatyny
Authors: Brociek Emil , Ozierański Krzysztof
Published: February 2024

Statyny stanowią fundament terapii zarówno w prewencji pierwotnej, jak i wtórnej chorób sercowo-naczyniowych związanych z miażdżycą. Rosuwastatyna, należąca do tzw. silnych statyn, od lat uznawana w międzynarodowych wytycznych za substancję efektywnie modyfikującą parametry gospodarki lipidowej, stanowi jedną z preferowanych opcji terapeutycznych dla pacjentów wymagających intensywnej terapii statynami, np. po ostrym zespole wieńcowym lub z cukrzycą i wysokim ryzykiem sercowo-naczyniowym. W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano najnowsze doniesienia naukowe, które uwidaczniają cechy potencjalnie wyróżniające rosuwastatynę na tle innych przedstawicieli tej grupy leków. Należą do nich przede wszystkim silniejsze obniżenie wartości LDL-C we krwi oraz lepszy profil bezpieczeństwa terapii względem atorwastatyny. Ponadto dane z dotychczasowych badań wskazują na bardziej efektywną modyfikację parametrów stanu zapalnego u pacjentów przyjmujących rosuwastatynę.
Terapia zakażeń jesienno-zimowych
Authors: Zielińska-Borkowska Urszula
Published: February 2024

W artykule omówiono zastosowanie antybiotyków w okresie jesienno-zimowym. Przypomniano podstawowe informacje dotyczące amoksycyliny w połączeniu z kwasem klawulanowym oraz cyprofloksacyny.
Co kardiolog chciałby przekazać na temat sitagliptyny?
Authors: Ozierański Krzysztof , Brociek Emil
Published: February 2024

Pacjenci z cukrzycą są narażeni na rozwój wielonarządowych komplikacji, z których szczególnie poważne zagrożenie stanowią powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe, należą do nich m.in.: ostre i przewlekłe zespoły wieńcowe, incydenty naczyniowo-mózgowe, przewlekła choroba nerek czy kardiomiopatia cukrzycowa. Z tego powodu prawidłowa kontrola glikemii u pacjentów z cukrzycą powinna być priorytetem. Sitagliptyna, przedstawiciel grupy inhibitorów dipeptydylopeptydazy 4, stanowi ważną opcję terapeutyczną dla pacjentów z cukrzycą typu 2, w tym ze współistniejącymi chorobami sercowo-naczyniowymi. Sitagliptyna wywołuje efekt kardioprotekcyjny poprzez kontrolę glikemii, a tym samym redukcję włóknienia i przerostu mięśnia sercowego, oraz poprzez poprawę gospodarki lipidowej. Lek ten odznacza się szczególnie korzystnym profilem bezpieczeństwa dzięki niskiemu ryzyku hipoglikemii oraz innych działań niepożądanych (w tym brakowi przyrostu masy ciała oraz istotnych interakcji lekowych). Co ważne, badanie TECOS potwierdziło bezpieczeństwo sitagliptyny u pacjentów obciążonych chorobami sercowo-naczyniowymi.
Korzystny wpływ połączenia kwasu masłowego i probiotyków na zaburzenia czynności jelit z uwzględnieniem antybiotykoterapii
Authors: Waśko-Czopnik Dorota
Published: February 2024

Kwas masłowy jest substancją naturalną, produkowaną w okrężnicy, o szerokim wpływie na jelita – troficznym, przeciwzapalnym, utrzymującym integralność bariery jelitowej. Powstaje on przy współudziale bakterii saprofitycznych, dlatego w sytuacji zaburzenia mikrobioty jelitowej ilość maślanu w jelicie spada. Suplementacja bakteriami probiotycznymi, zwłaszcza Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., może naturalnie zwiększać stężenie maślanu.
Drogowskazy terapeutyczne. Fosfomycyna w gabinecie lekarza POZ
Authors: Sapilak Bartosz J.
Published: February 2024

W pracy przedstawiono podstawowe zasady leczenia prostych, niepowikłanych infekcji dróg moczowych. Podkreślono ważną rolę i skuteczność terapeutyczną fosfomycyny. Omówiono kilka przypadków klinicznych wskazujących na prawidłowe jej zastosowanie i pokazano różnorodne sytuacje pozwalające na terapię tym antybiotykiem.
Hyperspectral imaging – a short review of methods and applications
Authors: Kowalewski Jędrzej , Domaradzki Jarosław , Zięba Michał , Podgórski Mikołaj
Published: February 2024

This paper takes a look at the state-of-the-art solutions in the field of spectral imaging systems by way of application examples. It is based on a comparison of currently used systems and the challenges they face, especially in the field of high-altitude imaging and satellite imaging, are discussed. Based on our own experience, an example of hyperspectral data processing is presented. The article also discusses how modern algorithms can help in understanding the data that such images can provide.
The use of one-component plasma in the icp-rie etching process of periodic structures for applications in photodetector arrays
Authors: Różycka Marta , Jasik Agata , Kozłowski Paweł , Bracha Krzysztof , Ratajczak Jacek , Wierzbicka-Miernik Anna
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the effect of ICP-RIE etching time using one-component plasma on various parameters of an InAs/GaSb type II superlattice matrix. In the studies, two samples used at different BCl3 gas flow rates were compared and it was found that using a lower flow rate of 7 sccm results in obtaining a smoother sidewall morphology. Next, five periodic mesa-shaped structures were etched under identical conditions, but using a different time. The results indicated that the ICP-RIE method using a BCl3 flow rate of 7 sccm, ICP:RIE power ratio of 300W:270W allowed the ICP:RIE formation of a periodic mesa-shaped structure with smooth and perpendicular sidewalls.
Three methods for determining respiratory waves from ECG (Part I)
Authors: Szmajda Miroslaw , Chyliński Mirosław , Szacha Jerzy , Mroczka Janusz
Published: February 2024

In the diagnosis of many disease entities directly or indirectly related to disorders of respiratory parameters and heart disease, an important support would be to estimate the temporal changes in these parameters (most often respiratory wave (RW) and respiratory rate (RR)) on the basis the results of measurements of other physiological parameters of the patient. Such a possibility exists during ECG examination. The paper presents three methods for estimating RWand RR using ECG signal processing. The three procedures developed are shown: using Savitzky–Golay filtering (S-G), the ECG-Derived Respiration method (EDR) and the Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Analysis method (RSA). It must be clearly stated that the proposed methods are not designed to fully diagnose the patient’s respiratory function, but they can be applied to detect some conditions that are difficult to diagnose when performing an ECG, such as sleep-disordered breathing. The obtained results of the analysis were compared with those obtained from a dedicated measurement system developed by the authors. The second part of the paper will show the results of preliminary clinical verification of the developed analysis methods, taking into account the physiological parameters of the patient.
Polymerase chain reaction: a powerful analytical tool in the field of food safety
Authors: Gablo Natalia
Published: February 2024

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the canonical DNA analysis technique that has enabled the understanding of the complexity of organisms and significantly advanced achievements in the field of biological sciences. Today, the method is still widely used in basic science research, but PCR-based diagnostics are becoming increasingly important in industries such as food and agriculture. This method provides high sensitivity because it requires trace amounts of template DNA to generate enough copies for detection. Using primers specific to the DNA sequence ensures the high specificity of the test. The advantages of the method are time – and cost-effectiveness and reproducibility. PCR-based techniques have found favor in areas where food traceability is important, whether from an economic, legal, health, or religious-cultural point of view. This review outlines the most important aspects in which the PCR method has been successfully applied, namely in the protection of human health by enabling the identification of foodborne pathogens or allergens. Furthermore, the use of PCR in the so-called green criminology, a branch that deals with tracking illegal practices such as food adulteration, compliance with the labeling rules, and detection of food products containing GMO material or other undeclared food ingredients, was also described.
Gamma radiation shielding properties of (x)Bi2O3–(0.5 – x)ZnO–0.2B2O3–0.3SiO2 glass system
Authors: Kheswa Bonginkosi Vincent
Published: February 2024

Lead (Pb)-based materials are very effective in radiation shielding due to their high density of Pb. However, they pose health risks to humans because of the toxicity of lead. As a result, the investigation of radiation shielding properties of various lead-free glass materials has drawn a lot of attention from researchers. In this work, the γ radiation competence of the Bi2O3–ZnO–B2O3–SiO2 glass network was investigated, for the first time in the 0.015–15 MeV energy range, using Phy-X/PSD and XCOM software systems. The results showed that 45Bi2O3–5ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO2 glass sample has the highest linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, and effective atomic number, and it has the lowest half-value layer, tenth-value layer, and mean-free path. Therefore, 45Bi2O3–5ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO sample is more effective on γ ray shielding than 10Bi2O3–40ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO, 20Bi2O3–30ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO, 30Bi2O3–20ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO, and 40Bi2O3–10ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO samples. The comparison of the results with the literature also revealed that the 45Bi2O3–5ZnO–20B2O3–30SiO glass sample is even more effective than some of Bi2O3-based glass systems, which were recently developed in the literature, by at least a factor of 2.
Ecology of The Giant Armadillo in The Cerrado Mineiro, In the Southeast Region of Brazil
Authors: Neto Raul Sbroia , Torres José Luiz Rodrigues , Ferreira Ricardo Vicente , Seike Sérgio Hayato , Rosa Renato Paulo , Costa William Raimundo , Vieira Dinamar Márcia da Silva
Published: February 2024

Objective: Identify and georeference burrows, qualify the soil and predominant vegetation where the giant armadillo lives, in the Cerrado of Triângulo Mineiro.
 
Method/design/approach: The study was carried out on nine properties in the municipality of Uberaba, MG and one in Uberlândia, MG, covering a total area of 240.8 km2. Burrows with more than 1.0 m deep were adopted as a standard, all of which were georeferenced, for the construction of maps, measurement of areas, definition of phytophysiognomies, determination of distance traveled and spatial distribution of the animal in the region. To record the presence of the animal, 9 photographic cameras were installed in the area, at a height of 0.40 m. Soil samples were collected in 20 locations for chemical analysis at depths of 0-0.20, 0.20-0.40 and 0.40-0.60 m, with 4 replications. A descriptive analysis of the data was carried out using Agroestat Software.
 
Result and conclusion: The 81 burrows were georeferenced, 41 of them in the Vale Encantado - Private Natural Heritage Reserve (VE-PNHR), where there was a 51% increase in the total number of burrows, with the majority in the Cerrado stricto sensu (41%) and Cerradão (23 %); The animal has a strictly nocturnal habit, with around 96% of activity between 8 pm and 6 am; The animal prefers acidic soils, with low fertility and sandy texture, as these are the places where they find the most food; Around 97% of burrows were recorded at altitudes above 800 meters.
 
Research implications: In 70% of the areas where the animal's presence was recorded, it has a total area of less than 10 km2, indicating that the animal can survive in areas smaller than those already described in the literature. The fact that 75% of the burrows recorded in the study are considered ancient remains, and the species may no longer inhabit some of the areas studied, confirms the existence of a low density of the species in these evaluated areas of the Minas Gerais cerrado.
 
Originality/value: The Giant armadillo is one of the large animals in the Brazilian cerrado and is classified as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Knowing the importance of the species for the biodiversity of the cerrado, it is expected that the results generated in this study can help in the formulation of public policies to preserve the species.
Sustainability Criteria and Practices in Electro-Electronic Purchases by Ifect In the Northern Brazil Region
Authors: Da Silva Ivanilson Parente , Da Conceição Roberta Dalvo Pereira
Published: February 2024

Objective: this study aims to verify the adoption of sustainable rating criteria and practices in the acquisitions of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) from the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology (IFECT) in the north of Brazil.
 
Theoretical Reference:  The work is based on sustainable public acquisitions as an inducer of sustainable development, through the adoption of sustainability rating criteria and practices in acquisitions of public institutions.
Method: This research was characterized as exploratory and has used a qualitative approach, to verify the adoption of rating criteria and sustainable practices in the acquisition of EEE from the IFECT, through a documental analysis in the documents of the planning phase of the acquisitions.
 
Results and conclusion: data analysis revealed that the adoption of sustainability rating criteria and practices in IFECTs EEEs acquisitions is still very unsatisfactory. However, it showed a slight improvement between 2018 and 2021 and demonstrated that some IFECTs have more consolidated hiring plans. However, the need for improvements in all IFECTs, especially IFAM and IFPA.
 
Implication of the research: the research makes explicit, through its results, the need to identify the factors that hinder the adoption of sustainability rating criteria and practices in public procurement, as well as the need for advances in this field.
 
Originality/value: the research sought to demonstrate the important role and impact that public acquisitions has on sustainable development, in addition to the need to advance in the actions taken so that public sustainability policies are effective in procurement processes.
Trophic Fish Structure Along the Beaches of The Brazilian Amazon River
Authors: Claro Júnior Luiz Henrique , Zuanon Jansen , Ferreira Efrem , Moreira Elizany Monteiro , Nascimento-e-Silva Daniel
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study analyzes fish communities' diet and trophic structure on beaches along the Amazon River.
 
Methods: 41 beaches were studied, and fish were collected with 12x3m trawl nets and 5mm mesh between nodes. The stomachs were analyzed using the frequency of occurrence and points method. The dietary index was calculated using the preponderance index (PI). Using IP values, the following trophic categories were established: detritivore, hematophagous, herbivorous, benthic invertivore, pelagic invertivore, terrestrial invertivore, scavenger, and piscivore. Species richness and abundance of fish in trophic categories were related to the longitudinal variation of the sampled sites through linear regression 1,166 stomachs from 119 species were analyzed.
 
Results and discussion: The abundance and richness of detritivore species and the richness of scavengers showed a negative relationship throughout the floodplain, while the number of aquatic invertivore species showed a positive relationship.
 
Implications of the research: The existing differences in beach water quality create a longitudinal conductivity gradient, transparency, and suspended material, gradually altering the environment and composition of the ichthyofauna and the trophic structure along the Amazon River.
 
Originality/value: Ecological studies relating the trophic structure of fish to a large-scale longitudinal gradient are scarce in the Amazon River floodplain, which makes this article an essential piece for better understanding Amazonian systems by characterizing the trophic structure of fish from beaches in a longitudinal gradient of the Amazon River in Brazilian territory.
Pejzaż jako labirynt pamięci.
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Joanna
Published: February 2024

Obrazy Hongkongu stały się znakami szczególnymi twórczości Wong Kar-waia, łącząc sięz charakterystycznym dla reżysera tematem pamięci i przemijania. W artykule wyróżniono dwa zasadnicze typy przestrzeni. Pierwszy z nich wiąże się z dynamicznym obrazem metropolii z lat dziewięćdziesiątych, rejestrującym specyfikę miejsca skazanego na nieuchronną zmianę. Drugi to wizja Hongkongu jako miasta z przeszłości, przefiltrowana przez zwodnicze mechanizmy pamięci. W obu przypadkach pejzaż nabiera labiryntowego charakteru, podkreślanego przez nieoczywiste relacje między przestrzenią otwartą i zamkniętą, fragmentaryzację oraz powtórzenia dotyczące zarówno scenerii danego filmu, jak i miejsc występujących w różnych narracjach. Kontrapunktem dla tak obrazowanych lokacji są przestrzenie zewnętrzne względem miasta, odporne na działanie czasu. W analizie podjęto też problem Hongkongu wyobrażonego, odnajdywanego przez reżysera w innych metropoliach, tak różnych jak Tajpej, Nowy Jork czy Buenos Aires.
Transonic Flutter Dips of the AGARD 445.6 Wing
Authors: Stanford Bret K. , Jacobson Kevin E.
Published: February 2024

The AGARD 445.6 configuration is the most popular validation test case for transonic flutter predictions, but the actual extent of truly nonlinear transonic flow for this case is unclear, due to the sparsity of the experimental data and the thin profile of the wing. This work utilizes a combination of mesh adaptation and the linearized frequency-domain method to obtain high-quality viscous and inviscid flutter predictions; these solutions show a double flutter dip through the transonic Mach range driven by complex shock growth across the wing. A single experimental flutter point lies in this flutter dip area, which is not enough to assess the accuracy of these transonic flutter predictions. Modeling the boundary layer of the wind tunnel wall (as opposed to the commonly assumed symmetry wall assumption) has a very large impact on the predicted flutter boundary, though the size of the boundary layer during the original experiment is uncertain.
Doença mão-pé-boca no contexto pandêmico e pós-pandêmico
Authors: Dias Natália dos Santos , Moreira Camila de Carvalho , Silva Clara Fernandes Marques da , Rêgo Júlia da Cruz , Cotrim Laila Teixeira , Mattos Álvaro Teixeira , Dias Diego dos Santos , Dias Karla Dias Castro
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a influência do contexto pandêmico e pós-pandêmico nos atuais surtos da doença mão-pé-boca (DMPB). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. A busca dos estudos foi conduzida por duas pesquisadoras, de forma independente, selecionando-se publicações dos últimos 3 anos, nos idiomas inglês e português, através das bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultados: Pelo fato da notificação não ser compulsória, os dados epidemiológicos são faltosos. Ainda assim, foi possível identificar que as restrições presentes no período pandêmico foram fatores determinantes para a redução dos casos de DMPB e quando flexibilizadas observou-se um aumento gradual. Considerações finais: Intervenções não farmacêuticas utilizadas durante a pandemia da COVID-19 podem apresentar alta efetividade no controle das infecções por DMPB. É necessário incentivar educação em saúde para que pais, responsáveis e cuidadores conheçam as principais características da doença mão-pé-boca e compreendam as práticas de higiene como fator imprescindível na contenção da DMPB.
Ação extensionista em saúde bucal com pré-escolares em vulnerabilidade social
Authors: Celestino Júnior Aluísio Ferreira , Yassine Ghufrán Mohamad , Santos Paulo André de Melo , Silva Larissa Lobato , Pinto Elayne Delana Lima , Coelho Junior Marco Antonio de Albuquerque , Melo Ceci Baker de , Oliveira Marlene Ribeiro , Cardoso Viktória Karla Monteiro , Wanderley Marina Lima
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Relatar a vivência de graduandos e mestrandos na atenção à saúde bucal de crianças em situação de risco social na periferia de uma cidade da Amazônia. Relato de experiência: Trata-se de projeto de extensão que se propôs realizar cuidados de caráter educativo/preventivo/curativo a 122 crianças em condições de risco na periferia em uma cidade do Estado do Pará. Foram realizadas oficinas de educação em saúde, valorizando a utilização de recursos do universo lúdico infantil, seguidos de exame clínico e registro de índices de cárie (ceo-d). Necessidades mais complexas foram atendidas em consultório da comunidade que estava subutilizado e, foi reativado para atendimento das crianças. Considerações finais: Ações extensionistas despertam na comunidade assistida necessidades não tão claras de cuidados com saúde, notadamente aquelas da pré-patogênese de seus agravos. Ações educativas para as crianças, monitores e professores, certamente, são positivas, mas de pouco impacto se prescindirem de continuidade. O espaço social da comunidade proporcionou aos estudantes de odontologia oportunidade de aperfeiçoar diversas competências técnicas e socioemocionais (acolhimento, empatia, liderança, trabalho colaborativo, disciplina, pensamento sistêmico) tão necessárias a formação profissional em situações desafiadoras como as vivenciadas em grupos mais vulnerabilizados.
Step-by-Step Atraumatic Technique of Harvesting of the Radial Artery using Harmonic Scalpel: A Video Presentation
Authors: Chowdhury Ujjwal K. , George Niwin , Kanmaniyan B. , Mishra Sundeep , Chittimuri Chaitanya , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Goja Sikha , Pandey Niraj Nirmal
Published: February 2024

We present here-in the technical details of harvesting the left radial artery in a 50-year- old man undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The radial artery has been harvested atraumatically using a Harmonic scalpel (Ethicon Endosurgery LLC, Johnson & Johnson Company, Guaynaba, Puerto Rico, USA) and two vessel loops by “No touch” technique, thereby preventing perioperative spasm. The postoperative recovery was uneventful.
A rare case of infective spondylodiscitis in an 18-month-old infant: Clinical presentation and management
Authors: Velluto Calogero , Inverso Michele , Borruto Maria I. , Messina Davide , Bocchino Guido , Perna Andrea , Proietti Luca
Published: February 2024

Spondylodiscitis is a rare inflammatory condition predominantly observed in adults and presents unique challenges when encountered in infants. Diagnosis in this population is complicated by non-specific symptoms necessitating a high index of suspicion and comprehensive clinical evaluation. This case study reports an exceptional spondylodiscitis case in an 18-month-old infant presented with prolonged asthenia, refusal to walk, loss of appetite, and fever. Physical examination revealed general well-being, good hydration, and bilateral tonsillar hypertrophy. The pain was noted in the right hip joint and thoracolumbar spine while hip joint mobility was unrestricted. Initial investigations were conducted including blood tests, ultrasound of the right hip, and lumbosacral spine radiography, all within normal limits. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated spondylodiscitis. Empiric antibiotic therapy was administered. The fever subsided, and the patient’s condition improved leading to conservative treatment with a custom-fitted orthosis. After 15 days of hospitalization, the patient was discharged. This case report aimed to underscore the importance of early recognition and appropriate intervention as well as the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in managing pediatric spondylodiscitis.
The Case of the Q(5) Raman Line of Carbon Monoxide and its Fitted q-Gaussian Function
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: February 2024

In an article by Thibault et al., 2002, we can find measurements of Raman linewidths in the Q branch of carbon monoxide, for mixtures with Argon at different temperatures. A plot is available for the Q(5) line with a fitted Voigt function. Here we show that a q-Gaussian Tsallis function can be used for fitting this line too. We will note that the fitted q-Gaussian has the wings which are not Lorentzian. At the same time, the wings are not Gaussian. Besides the use of q-Gaussians, a discussion will be proposed about the time correlation functions related to different line shapes (q-Gaussian, Egelstaff-Schofield, Kubo, BWF, Voigt, speed-dependent Voigt, Galatry, Rautian, HTP). Some of these line shapes have been proposed for the high-resolution spectroscopy of gases; however, their knowledge can be relevant also for the condensed matter spectroscopy.
Cu(I)-Catalyzed Atropselective Heterobiaryl Coupling Employing Umpoled Indoles
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen H. , Seo Sanghyup , Jang Jiwon , Kim Hyunwoo , Shin Seunghoon
Published: February 2024

Despite significant advances in the C-H/C-H coupling for the synthesis of axially chiral indolylaryl compounds, control over chemo-, regio-, and atropselectivity remains a significant challenge. We introduce herein N-carboxyindoles as an electrophilic partner that couple with a range of 2-naphthols and phenols in a highly chemo- and enantioselective manner (up to 96:4 er). Deuterium exchange and in-situ 1H NMR spectroscopy supports that the chirality is generated and transferred via dearomatized naphthol intermediates. Experiments with radical clocks, radical inhibitors and DFT computation suggested an outer-sphere attack of N-carboxyindole on Cu-bound naphthols, rather than through ligated naphthoxyl radical intermediates.
Obtaining Robust Density Functional Tight Binding Parameters for Solids Across the Periodic Table
Authors: Cui Mengnan , Reuter Karsten , Margraf Johannes T.
Published: February 2024

The Density Functional Tight Binding (DFTB) approach allows electronic structure based simulations at length and time scales far beyond what is possible with first-principles methods. This is achieved by using minimal basis-sets and empirical approximations. Unfortunately, the sparse availability of parameters across the periodic table is a significant barrier to the use of DFTB in many cases. We therefore propose a workflow that allows the robust and consistent parameterization of DFTB across the periodic table. Importantly, our approach requires no element-pairwise parameters so that the parameters can be used for all element combinations and are readily extendable. This is achieved by parameterizing all elements on a consistent set of artificial homoelemental crystals, spanning a wide range of coordination environments. The transferability of the resulting Periodic Table Baseline Parameters (\texttt{PTBP}) to multi-element systems and unknown structures is explored and the model is extensively benchmarked against previous specialized and general DFTB parameterizations.
Roadmap on Data-Centric Materials Science
Authors: Scheffler Matthias , Bauer Stefan , Benner Peter , Bereau Tristan , Blum Volker , Boley Mario , Carbogno Christian , Catlow C. Richard A. , Dehm Gerhard , Eibl Sebastian , Ernstorfer Ralph , Fekete Ádám , Foppa Lucas , Fratzl Peter , Freysoldt Christoph , Gault Baptiste , Ghiringhelli Luca M. , Giri Sajal K. , Gladyshev Anton , Goyal Pawan , Hattrick-Simpers Jason , Kabalan Lara , Karpov Petr , Khorrami Mohammad S. , Koch Christoph , Kokott Sebastian , Kosch Thomas , Kowalec Igor , Kremer Kurt , Leitherer Andreas , Li Yue , Liebscher Christian H. , Logsdail Andrew J. , Lu Zhongwei , Luong Felix , Marek Andreas , Merz Florian , Mianroodi Jaber R. , Neugebauer Jörg , Purcell Thomas A. R. , Raabe Dierk , Rampp Markus , Rossi Mariana , Rost Jan-Michael , Saalmann Ulf , Saxena Alaukik , Sbailò Luigi , Scheidgen Markus , Schloz Marcel , Schmidt Daniel F. , Teshuva Simon , Trunschke Annette , Wei Ye , Weikum Gerhard , Xian R. Patrick , Yao Yi , Zhao Meng
Published: February 2024

Science is and always has been based on data, but the terms ‘data-centric’ and the ‘4th paradigm’ of materials research indicate a radical change in how information is retrieved, handled and research is performed. It signifies a transformative shift towards managing vast data collections, digital repositories, and innovative data analytics methods. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its subset Machine Learning (ML), has become pivotal in addressing all these challenges. This Roadmap on Data-Centric Materials Science explores fundamental concepts and methodologies, illustrating diverse applications in electronic-structure theory, soft matter theory, microstructure research, and experimental techniques like photoemission, atom probe tomography, and electron microscopy. While the roadmap delves into specific areas within the broad interdisciplinary field of materials science, the provided examples elucidate key concepts applicable to a wider range of topics. The discussed instances offer insights into addressing the multifaceted challenges encountered in contemporary materials research.
Liquid-Assisted Grinding Enables a Direct Mechanochemical Functionalization of Polystyrene Waste
Authors: Skala Morgan , Zeitler Sarah , Golder Matthew
Published: February 2024

The plastic waste crisis has grave consequences for our environment, as most single-use commodity polymers remain in landfills and oceans long after their commercial lifetimes. Utilizing modern synthetic techniques to chemically modify the structure of these post-consumer plastics (e.g., upcycling) can impart new properties and added value for commercial applications. To expand beyond the abilities of current solution-state processes, we demonstrate post-polymerization modification of polystyrene via solid-state mechanochemistry enabled by liquid-assisted grinding (LAG). Importantly, this emblematic trifluoromethylation study modifies discarded plastic, including dyed materials, using minimal exogenous solvent for improved sustainability. Ultimately, this work serves as a proof of concept for the direct mechanochemical post-polymerization modification of commodity polymers, and we expect future remediation of plastic waste via similar mechanochemical reactions.
Ultrafast electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of electrochemical transformations on a metal-oxide surface during oxygen evolution from water
Authors: Cuk Tanja , Chen Xihan , Singh Suryansh , Paolino Michael , Stewart James , Vinogradov Ilya
Published: February 2024

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) from water fuels the planet through photosynthesis and is a primary means for hydrogen storage in energy technologies. Yet the detection of intermediates of OER central to the catalytic mechanism has been an ongoing challenge. This review covers the relevance of ultrafast electronic and vibrational spectroscopy of the electrochemical transformations of a metal-oxide surface undergoing OER. The electron doped SrTiO3/electrolyte is the system under review because of its high photocurrent efficiency with an ultrafast light trigger and because it allowed for detection of intermediate forms across the electromagnetic spectrum. The first part covers how the efficient catalytic reaction is triggered by ultrafast light pulses, describing the Schottky diode, the depletion layer, and Helmholtz layer under operating conditions to the extent possible. The second part covers the detection of the surface bound intermediates by transient spectroscopy. These target ultrafast (ps-ns) electron transfer from (or hole-trapping to) bound surface water species that are associated with the reactive oxygen intermediates of OER (e.g. OH*, O*). Their detection via a broadband visible probe, a mid-infrared evanescent wave, and coherent acoustic waves is then described. These target, respectively, the electronic states, the vibrational levels, and the lattice strain associated with the intermediates. The review is primarily concerned with how the measurements are made and the intermediates’ experimental spectra. The theoretical descriptions are brought in as a needed to provide context to spectra that are difficult to interpret on their own. A concluding section summarizes the essential findings and methodologies.
Event Tracking: A systematic method for analyzing nucleation and growth in hierarchical self-assembly
Authors: Chakraborty Argha , Adhikary Rumela , Das Sangeeta , Das Avisek
Published: February 2024

Molecular self-assembly has garnered significant attention in the field of biomaterials and nanotechnology due its potential for creating novel materials with diverse applications. The entire process is guided by either classical nucleation and growth or formation of multiple nucleus and their growth and finally the fusion of the self- assembled states. Systematic way to track this nucleation, growth and fusion process is still unknown. We have developed an algorithm to systematically identify all the possible molecular events. The events provide immediate information when a cluster or individual molecule combines with another cluster or molecule, or when a cluster or molecule detaches from another, during each stage of the mechanism. By comprehensively examining the entire process, we can gain a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the assembly process. We applied this algorithm to self-assembly of some ultrashort peptides. Through a systematic analysis, we identify commonalities and differences in the self-assembly mechanism of various ultrashort peptides. This comparative analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms governing ultrashort peptide self-assembly, offering valuable guidance for the rational design of biomaterials which can serve various technological and biomedical purposes.