bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint Biodiversity Management Committees: A Mechanism to Manage and Conserve Eco-Regions
Authors: K P Laladhas , Fila Marcus , Nair Achuthsankar S , Oommen Oommen V
Published: August 2023

Sasthamkotta Lake eco-region is a freshwater Ramsar site in Kerala, India. Eco-regions are ecologically and geographically defined larger land or water mass areas with a characteristic assemblage of the ecosystem and significant biodiversity. A decentralized and locally self-sustaining mechanism has been achieved in managing this eco-region by a participatory model through a joint Biodiversity Management Committee (jBMC) constitution. BMCs are custodians of the environment, and biodiversity, confined to a village/Panchayat, as per Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) guidelines and the Indian Biodiversity Act. This jBMC constitutes a network of statutory biodiversity experts from the BMCs of three Local Self Governments (LSGs) or Panchayath administrations, where the Sasthamkotta Lake is located. It has been formed to develop strategies to manage and conserve the freshwater lake and its biodiversity. The management action plan proposed by the jBMC for the Sasthamkotta Ramsar site includes systematic and continuous assessment of the current biodiversity status, identifying and mitigating threats, appropriate use of its resources for eco-restoration and better administrative programs for biodiversity enhancement. Our case study shows that the conservation model of a Ramsar site Eco-region is successful and could be replicated in other damaged natural ecosystems which need attention, for a sustainable future.
TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN BADAN LAYANAN UMUM DAERAH (BLUD) RS KONAWE
Authors: Haris Restu
Published: August 2023

Hipertensi adalah salah satu faktor masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia. Hal ini  disebabkan karena hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko yang mengarah ke penyakit  kardiovaskuler seperti gagal jantung, serangan jantung, penyakit ginjal, serta stroke. Kepatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi obat menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pengobatan. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat pada pasien hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) RS Konawe yang diukur menggunakan instrument Morisky Medication Adherence Scale  (MMAS-8). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Jumlah keseluruhan sampel berjumlah 100  pasien yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inkulusi dan ekslusi penelitian. Penelitian berlangsung selama 4 bulan sejak 21 juni – 24 November 2021. Analisis data dengan analisis univariat yang dideskripsikan kedalam tabel sistematik. Hasil penelitian  menujukkan pasien hipertensi yang ada di RS Konawe sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan (57%) dengan umur 25-40 tahun (44%). Tingkat pendidikan terakhir adalah SMA (40%), sebanyak 28% pekerjaan pasien adalah Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS). 55% pasien hipertensi juga memiliki keluarga yang bekerja dibidang kesehatan. Status pasien merupakan pasien BPJS (74%). Sebagian besar pasien hipertensi memiliki riwayat penyakit lain seperti gangguan jantung (25%), penyakit ginjal (22%) dan stroke (18%).  tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat pada pasien hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) RS Konawe beragam. Data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan pasien hipertensi dalam mengkonsumsi obat masuk dalam kategori tidak patuh (37%). Ketidakpatuhan pasien disebabkan karena penggunaan obat yang dikonsumsi dalam jumlah banyak (polifarmasi), lupa mengkonsumsi obat karena faktor usia dan faktor ekonomi pasien.
Dentists’ Information Needs and Opinions on Accessing Patient Information via Health Information Exchange: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Shuning , Felix Gomez Grace Gomez , Xu Huiping , Rajapuri Anushri Singh , Dixon Brian E , Thyvalikakath Thankam
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The integration of medical and dental records is gaining significance over the past 2 decades. However, few studies have evaluated the opinions of practicing dentists on patient medical histories. Questions remain on dentists’ information needs; their perception of the reliability of patient-reported medical history; satisfaction with the available information and the methods to gather this information; and their attitudes to other options, such as a health information exchange (HIE) network, to collect patient medical history.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine Indiana dentists’ information needs regarding patients’ medical information and their opinions about accessing it via an HIE.

METHODS

We administered a web-based survey to Indiana Dental Association members to assess their current medical information-retrieval approaches, the information critical for dental care, and their willingness to access or share information via an HIE. We used descriptive statistics to summarize survey results and multivariable regression to examine the associations between survey respondents’ characteristics and responses.

RESULTS

Of the 161 respondents (161/2148, 7.5% response rate), 99.5% (n=160) respondents considered patients’ medical histories essential to confirm no contraindications, including allergies or the need for antibiotic prophylaxis during dental care and other adverse drug events. The critical information required were medical conditions or diagnosis, current medications, and allergies, which were gathered from patient reports. Furthermore, 88.2% (n=142) of respondents considered patient-reported histories reliable; however, they experienced challenges obtaining information from patients and physicians. Additionally, 70.2% (n=113) of respondents, especially those who currently access an HIE or electronic health record, were willing to use an HIE to access or share their patient’s information, and 91.3% (n=147) shared varying interests in such a service. However, usability, data accuracy, data safety, and cost are the driving factors in adopting an HIE.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients’ medical histories are essential for dentists to optimize dental care, especially for those with chronic conditions. In addition, most dentists are interested in using an HIE to access patient medical histories. The findings from this study can provide an alternative option for improving communications between dental and medical professionals and help the health information technology system or tool developers identify critical requirements for more user-friendly designs.
Text Dialogue Analysis for Primary Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Changyu , Liu Siru , Li Aiqing , Liu Jialin
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence models tailored to diagnose cognitive impairment have shown excellent results. However, it is unclear whether large linguistic models can rival specialized models by text alone.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we explored the performance of ChatGPT for primary screening of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and standardized the design steps and components of the prompts.

METHODS

We gathered a total of 174 participants from the DementiaBank screening and classified 70% of them into the training set and 30% of them into the test set. Only text dialogues were kept. Sentences were cleaned using a macro code, followed by a manual check. The prompt consisted of 5 main parts, including character setting, scoring system setting, indicator setting, output setting, and explanatory information setting. Three dimensions of variables from published studies were included: vocabulary (ie, word frequency and word ratio, phrase frequency and phrase ratio, and lexical complexity), syntax and grammar (ie, syntactic complexity and grammatical components), and semantics (ie, semantic density and semantic coherence). We used R 4.3.0. for the analysis of variables and diagnostic indicators.

RESULTS

Three additional indicators related to the severity of MCI were incorporated into the final prompt for the model. These indicators were effective in discriminating between MCI and cognitively normal participants: tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon (P<.001), difficulty with complex ideas (P<.001), and memory issues (P<.001). The final GPT-4 model achieved a sensitivity of 0.8636, a specificity of 0.9487, and an area under the curve of 0.9062 on the training set; on the test set, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve reached 0.7727, 0.8333, and 0.8030, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT was effective in the primary screening of participants with possible MCI. Improved standardization of prompts by clinicians would also improve the performance of the model. It is important to note that ChatGPT is not a substitute for a clinician making a diagnosis.
Differences in global, regional, and national time trends in disability-adjusted life years for atrial fibrillation and flutter, 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (Preprint)
Authors: Peng Shengxian , Qiu Guigang , Zhang Qingwei , Hu Weike , Hao Min , Liu Yue , Sun Mengyan , Yin Niying , Cao Wenzhai , Liu Xiaozhu
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factor Study 2019 (GBD 2019) utilized data to examine the burden and variations in the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF/AFL) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.

OBJECTIVE

this study aims to perform a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the disease burden of AF/AFL based on the latest GBD 2019 estimates and age-period-cohort models and to differentiate the relative contributions of age, period, and cohort effects on DALYs. The analysis will cover global, regional, and national levels, examining changes in AF/AFL DALYs in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 and assessing their occurrence trends.

METHODS

GBD 2019 provided AF/AFL data. An age-period-cohort model estimated net drifts and local drifts in DALYs from 30 to 34 years up to 95+ years. We also examined 1990–2019 period and cohort relative risks, to determine period and cohort effects. To quantify the temporal trends in AF/AFL DALYs age-standardised rate (ASR), average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) by age, gender, Socio-demographic Index (SDI), and location were determined. This method lets us examine the effects of age, period, and cohort on DALYs trends, perhaps revealing AF/AFL treatment gaps.

RESULTS

Globally, there were 8,393,635 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 6,693,987 to 10,541,461) DALYs cases, an increase of 121.6% (95% UI: 111.5 to 132.0) from 1990. Between 1990 and 2019, the global DALYs ASR declined by 2.61% (95% UI -6.9 to 1.3), but the remaining SDI quintile increased except for High SDI and high-Middle SDI. Over the past 30 years, High-income Asia Pacific countries experienced the greatest decrease in DALYs ASR, whereas the largest increase was observed in Central Asia (net drift of -0.9% [95% CI: -1.0 to -0.9] and 0.6% [95% CI: 0.5 to 0.7], respectively). Almost half of the AF/AFL burden shifted from high and high-middle SDI regions to lower SDI regions. The AAPC and the SDI were shown to be inversely related. Furthermore, males and the elderly tended to carry a higher AF/AFL DALYs burden.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study indicate that the global burden of AF/AFL is still substantial and rising, with the burden varying by SDI. These results provide exhaustive and comparable estimates that may inform global efforts to achieve equitable AF/AFL control.
Everyday Digital Literacy Questionnaire for Older Adults: Instrument Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Choi JiYeon , Choi Seongmi , Song Kijun , Baek Jiwon , Kim Heejung , Choi Mona , Kim Yesol , Chu Sang Hui , Shin Jiyoung
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The need for digital literacy in aging populations is increasing in the digitalizing society. Digital literacy involves the identification, evaluation, and communication of information through various digital devices or relevant programs.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to develop an Everyday Digital Literacy Questionnaire (EDLQ), a digital literacy assessment scale, and subsequently evaluate its psychometric properties using a population of community-dwelling older adults in South Korea.

METHODS

The EDLQ was developed using an instrument development design. A nationwide survey was conducted, and the study included 1016 community-dwelling older adults (age ≥60 years). To evaluate the psychometric properties, the participants were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=508 each), and the internal consistency (Cronbach α and McDonald ω), structural validity (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis), hypothesis-testing construct validity using the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and measurement invariance were analyzed.

RESULTS

Among the initial 30 items of the EDLQ, 22 items with a 3-factor solution had a total explained variance of 77%. The domains included “information and communication” (9 items), “content creation and management” (4 items), and “safety and security” (9 items). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with this 3-factor solution (χ2206=345.1; normed χ2206=1.7; comparative fit index=0.997; Tucker-Lewis index=0.997; root-mean-square error of approximation=0.036; standardized root-mean-square residual=0.050; composite reliability=0.903-0.959; average variance extracted=0.699-0.724; R2=0.616-0.773). Hypothesis-testing construct validity with the eHEALS revealed a strong correlation (r=0.75). Cronbach α and McDonald ω coefficients were .98 and 0.98, respectively. The fit indices for measurement invariance, including the configural, metric, and scalar invariance models, demonstrated a satisfactory fit to the data. Our findings suggest that the psychometric properties of the 22-item EDLQ are valid and reliable for assessing digital literacy among older Korean adults.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we developed a digital literacy measure with strong psychometric properties that made it suitable for assessing the digital literacy of community-dwelling older adults in Korea. To broaden its applicability, however, further assessment of its feasibility for use with different languages and cultures is necessary. Moreover, more empirical research on digital literacy and related factors in older adults can facilitate the development of personalized digital health care services and educational interventions in the digital society.

CLINICALTRIAL
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Business Travel and Associated Health Issues: A Survey of Japanese Public Companies (Preprint)
Authors: Tsukada Yayoi Tetsuou , Okamura Ritsuko , Yasutake Masahiro
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Compared to long-term expatriates, the health issues of short-term international business travellers are less clear. Particularly, there are no reports on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

We explored the changes in health challenges faced by Japanese international business travellers owing to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Design: Cross-sectional survey research using questionnaires
Setting: We surveyed 3,845 listed public companies in Japan in September 2021.
Participants: A total of 251 companies responded, of which 131 (52%) had foreign travel requirements for their business.
Primary and secondary outcome measures: The survey included questions regarding company size, business type, necessity for foreign travel, destination and number of trips, common health issues that arise, and the importance of business travel before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESULTS

Results: Among the companies, 44% replied that they could not predict the number of foreign business trips after the pandemic. However, 64% of companies responded that business travel would continue to be important in the future. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the most important health concerns faced by business travellers were illness during travel (42%), followed by the prevention of infectious diseases and lifestyle disease management. Post-pandemic, 48% of the responses were for infectious diseases, including COVID-19, followed by 40% for travel-related diseases, and 25% for lifestyle-related diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

Owing to global economic and social activities, business travel will continue to be necessary in the post-COVID-19 era. Comprehensive health management including prevention of infectious diseases is desirable for business travel.
Modernizing Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation Data Through Engagement and Education (Preprint)
Authors: Ginaldi Lia , De Martinis Massimo
Published: August 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Research on the Language Protection Modes of Cross-Border Ethnic Groups in China and Russia—Taking the Oroqen nationality in China and the Evenki nationality in Russia as Examples
Authors: Wu Jiayi
Published: August 2023

Cross-border ethnic groups are a group of people living separately in two or more modern countries due to a long history of development. The Oroqen nationality and the Evenki nationality, as homologous ethnic groups living across the border of China and Russia, both belong to the Manchu-Tungusic group of Altaic languages, which are very similar and have great significance for the survival of the two ethnic cultures. With the historical changes and social development, the ethnic languages of the Oroqen nationality and the Evenki nationality are seriously on the danger of disappearing. In this regard, China and Russia have adopted institutionalized and systematic protection measures and formed their own distinctive language protection modes from three aspects: policies and laws, theoretical research and educational practice, which has alleviated the former endangered situation of ethnic languages. Based on the necessity of cross-border ethnic language protection, this paper explores the protection modes of these two ethnic languages and puts forward suggestions for further strengthening the protection in the future, in order to provide help for improving the soft power of national culture and enhancing the friendship between China and Russia.
The Risks of using Medication for Weight Loss
Authors: Souza Clara Barros de , Oliveira Nathan Pedro Saraiva , Corrêa Milena Soares , Gomes Eugênio Maria , Ramos Kaio Vieira , Souza Paulo Pereira de , Souza Rafaela trindade , Freitas Arthur Martins , Silva Wanessa Soares Luiz , Silva Daniel Rodrigues
Published: August 2023

The objective of all this was to evaluate the risks of using drugs in the weight loss process. This research aims to show the importance of using correct medications, prescribed by doctors in a controlled manner, in the weight loss process, encouraging the patient to use non-pharmacological methods to achieve success in weight loss. Methodology: A literature review study was carried out, using the ABNT standards, through the databases, SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library On-line), MEDLINE, LILACS, Google Scholar, Bireme, Ebsco Host, Pubmed, books and articles published between 2011 and 2021 in Portuguese, English and Spanish, articles that met the following criteria were included: (1) studies that focus on the use of weight loss drugs and their risks (2) studies that are available in full text. Incomplete and unavailable articles were excluded from the bibliographic search. Conclusion: The indiscriminate use of weight loss drugs can cause adverse effects, such as anxiety, heart problems, confusion, insomnia, mood swings and violent behavior. In addition to these disorders, there are psychiatric disorders, including delusions, visual and auditory hallucinations, and delusions.
A (RE)SIGNIFICAÇÃO DO ENSINO A PARTIR DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Cabral da Costa Chaves Ivanilda , Dos Santos Felício Helena Maria dos Santos
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender os mecanismos de (re)significação da prática pedagógica dos professores dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, da rede municipal de ensino de Alfenas (MG), que participam de processos de formação continuada. O texto fundamenta-se em referenciais teóricos como Pimenta (2012); Tardif (2014); Formosinho e Araújo (2011); Libâneo (2015); Day (2001); Garcia (1999); Imbernón (2009, 2010 e 2011); Freire (1996) e Demo (2009). A metodologia é de caráter construtivo-interpretativo, de cunho qualitativo-descritivo. A coleta das informações consistiu na aplicação de um questionário estruturado, com 22 professores. Desse grupo, foram validadas três entrevistas semiestruturadas para as inferências e para as discussões. Constatamos que os programas e as atividades desenvolvidas de modo contínuo pelas escolas e pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação são módulos, além das atividades proporcionadas pelas instituições parceiras. Da mesma forma, verifica-se que os professores, para superar as dificuldades encontradas, procuram por processos de formação continuada e buscam conhecer o mundo de seus alunos. Assim, concluímos que é possível (re)significar as práticas pedagógicas dos professores dos anos finais do ensino fundamental e que estes conseguem transpor a formação continuada de que participam através de aulas diversificadas, ou seja, “inovando a aula, inovando a metodologia”.
A GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA E A RELAÇÃO FAMÍLIA-ESCOLA: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Lima ALves Missiene , Silva Lima Maria da Conceição
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta alguns desafios envolvendo a participação da família na gestão democrática escolar, no contexto família-escola. Ele é oriundo de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que teve por instrumento a entrevista semiestruturada aplicada aos familiares, professores e gestores de uma escola pública no município de Camaragibe-PE. Os dados analisados tiveram como esteio a técnica de análise de conteúdo, apontando para descompassos e desafios nessa relação: Por um lado, embora a família reconheça a importância da escola na vida dos alunos, ainda alega falta de tempo ou desconhecimento de seu papel na gestão democrática, no tocante à participação nas instâncias deliberativas escolares. Por outro, um discurso enraizado de gestores/docentes que apontam desinteresse da família em acompanhar as decisões, não se colocando de maneira mais proativa no sentido de atraí-los para o contexto escolar. Acreditamos que ao evidenciarmos tais dinâmicas, podemos contribuir para ampliar o debate em torno da temática, de forma que a escola possa se tornar verdadeiramente democrática.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE EDUCADORES: alguns apontamentos iniciais sobre o papel da gestão escolar democrática
Authors: Fávero Altair Alberto , Agostini Camila Chiodi , Rigoni Larissa Morés
Published: August 2023

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho é apresentar alguns indicadores iniciais do papel da gestão na formação dos professores, bem como aspectos importantes para a realização desse processo no espaço escolar, sobre o abrigo de uma gestão democrática. Assim, a pergunta que norteia a questão de pesquisa apresenta-se como:  de que forma a gestão escolar pode atuar na formação dos educadores na contemporaneidade? Trata-se, portanto, de uma investigação simples, de natureza básica, de uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória a partir de procedimento bibliográfico, com análise hermenêutica-analítica dos textos de autores como: Luck (2010), Morosini (2006), Veiga (1997), Laval (2019), Tardif (2000, 2012), Nóvoa (1995) utilizados para a construção do tema em pesquisa. Para cumprir os objetivos aqui elencados, será apresentada, inicialmente, de forma breve, no item primeiro, a conceituação sobre a profissionalidade docente e a formação continuada, sendo seguida, no segundo item, da análise da gestão democrática e sua influência em uma formação continuada. Esse ponto também pretende apontar alguns destaques sobre as discussões já produzidas em relação a sua importância para o implemento, o fortalecimento e a construção de uma formação continuada dos professores, partindo de uma gestão democrática, além da breve apresentação dos resultados encontrados. O trabalho será finalizado com a apresentação das considerações finais.
Adam Smith y sus críticos. Sobre el origen y uso del dinero
Authors: Duarte César
Published: August 2023

Adam Smith sigue y seguirá siendo una referencia obligada para cualquier persona que se especializa o que tenga algún interés por temas de economía. A pesar de que gran parte de sus afirmaciones teóricas han sido rechazadas o al menos cuestionadas desde todo el espectro de las corrientes del pensamiento económico, su teoría monetaria no es la excepción; específicamente lo referente a su teoría en torno al origen del dinero. No obstante, afirma este trabajo, la relectura de Investigación Acerca de la Naturaleza y Causas de la Riqueza de las Naciones, así como de las críticas de las que ha sido objeto pueden dejar lecciones importantes a la investigación económica actual.
Economía mundial: deconstruyendo el capitalismo global
Authors: Cortés Iván
Published: August 2023

Reseña al libro Cairó i Céspedes, G. (coordinadora) 2020. Economía mundial: deconstruyendo el capitalismo global; Franquesa, R., Maestro-Yarza, I., Martí-González, X. y Palacios Cívico, J.C; Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona, pp.510; ISBN: 978-84-9168-441-1
Introducción a las relaciones empíricas
Authors:   Instituto de Energías Renovables UNAM, Del Río Portilla Jesús Antonio
Published: August 2023

En este texto introductorio a las relaciones empı́ricas se aborda de manera sencilla los conceptos de medición y diferencias en las mediciones. Estas diferencias en las mediciones en otros lugares se les llama errores en las mediciones. Continuamos con la descripción de la forma de presentar los datos que observamos o que obtuvimos de los experimentos para que sean claros y se comuniquen en forma adecuada para que otras personas puedan repetir nuestros procedimientos o con estos datos construyan nuevas formas de entender nuestros hallazgos. Ası́ presentamos los requerimientos mı́nimos de las Tablas y de las Gráficas para que se puedan comunicar. En la parte central de este texto abordamos ejemplos de datos observacionales para construir Relaciones Lineales, Exponenciales y Potenciales.
Design and Modification of Oil Skimmer
Authors: Patil Chandrakant Balvant , Patil Rajesh Maruti , Kapase Vinod Ashok , Patil Vikas Pandit , Yadav Rohit Suresh , Gavade Chandrakant Jaykar , Kadam Sarang Shivajirao
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Today, all manufacturing companies need to minimize the effect of waste water in the farm and human health. It is depending on removing the oil and grease from the water. The Dr. Naganath Anna Nayakavadi H.K.A. Sugar factory placed Walwa. about E.T.P. section where worker removes oil manually and he told about scrap oil skimmer. Before scrap the oil skimmer it working but it problem when which is can not continuous remove oil from water and machine problem is that while the oil skimmer is not work properly Sum percentage of oil also goes on E.T.P section. When in the E.T.P they change the P.H value. They also effect on the farm. We have decided the make the arrangement at a time two oil skimmers run one motor.
Review on Mechanical Behaviours of Beetle Elytra-Inspired Structures
Authors: Dwivedi Abhay , Bhaskar J. , Kumar Anand
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Bio-inspired structures have been a fascinating field of research in recent years, as scientists and engineers have been inspired by natural structures to develop new materials and structures with unique properties. Beetle elytra, the hardened forewings of beetles, have been a prominent source of inspiration for researchers due to their remarkable properties such as lightweight, toughness, and impact resistance. This review paper provides an overview of the bio-inspired structures based on beetle elytra, including their materials and properties, design and applications, and experimental methods. we aim to uncover the key design principles responsible for the mechanical behaviour observed in beetle elytra and femurs by studying their structureproperty relationships. Additive manufacturing techniques will be used to fabricate beetle-inspired structures by mimicking these design principles. The biomimetic structures will be tested to evaluate their mechanical performance compared to regular structures without biomimetic features. The paper also discusses the potential applications and future directions of these structures.
Edukasi Penerapan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, Pengelolaan Sampah, serta Pelatihan Literasi Finansial pada STT Wira Dharma, Desa Bangbang, Bangli
Authors: Wijaya Dharmesti , Indraningrat Anak Agung Gede , Idawati Ida Ayu Agung , Wijaya Wahyu Antari
Published: August 2023

Mitra pada kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah pengurus STT Wira Dharma Desa Bangbang, Kecamatan Tembuku, Kabupaten Bangli, Provinsi Bali. Berdasarkan diskusi dengan mitra yang dalam hal ini diwakili oleh Perbekel Desa Bangbang dan Ketua STT Wira Dharma, diketahui bahwa pengelolaan sampah domestik oleh masyarakat masih kurang baik. Kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengurangi sampah plastik dan melakukan pemilahan sampah organik dan anorganik sebelum membuang sampah juga masih perlu ditingkatkan. Selain itu, perilaku masyarakat yang masih suka buang air di pinggir jalan/ persawahan juga menyebabkan permasalahan seperti lingkungan menjadi bau dan tidak sehat, serta dapat menjadi sumber penyakit. Hal lain yang dirasa perlu untuk dicarikan solusi adalah mengenai kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat akan pentingnya pengelolaan keuangan yang baik. Hal tersebut terlihat jelas setelah pandemi melanda dimana pemasukan masyarakat hilang atau mengalami penurunan dan menjadi kesulitan ekonomi akibat tidak mempersiapkan dana darurat maupun investasi ketika masih memiliki penghasilan tetap. Oleh karena itu, dalam kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan pemberdayaan mitra sebagai kader dalam penerapan PHBS dan pengelolaan sampah yang baik di masyarakat. Dalam kegiatan ini juga dilakukan pemberian materi mengenai literasi finansial dan pelatihan pengelolaan keuangan yang baik untuk mewujudkan generasi muda yang cerdas secara finansial. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan focus group discussion, serta penyuluhan dan pelatihan terkait PHBS, pengelolaan sampah, dan literasi finansial. Berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest, didapatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman mitra terkait materi yang diberikan, yaitu dari nilai rata-rata 76/100 menjadi 94/100 setelah diberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil monitoring dan evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa mitra sudah mulai melakukan pemilahan sampah organik dan anorganik, serta telah belajar melakukan recycle sampah organik dengan melakukan composting menggunakan bantuan yang diberikan tim PKM.
PKM Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Kelompok Petugas Pemungut Sampah dan Pengembangan Bank Sampah di Banjar Batu Bintang Desa Dauh Puri Kelod Denpasar
Authors: Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat  , Wijaya Made Dharmesti , Idawati Ida Ayu Agung
Published: August 2023

Pemerintah telah secara gencar mensosialisasikan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) yang meliputi: mencuci tangan memakai sabun, memakai masker apabila bepergian, mengikuti etika bersin dan batuk, menjaga asupan makanan bergizi dan melakukan aktivitas fisik yang cukup khususnya di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penerapan PHBS ini semakin tinggi urgensinya pada kelompok petugas kebersihan mengingat tingginya intensitas paparan terhadap sampah dan berbagai macam kotoran yang dapat menularkan berbagai macam penyakit. Kegiatan kemitraan kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini akan difokuskan pada kelompok petugas kebersihan di Banjar Batu Bintang Desa Dauh Puri Kelod Denpasar tentang PHBS dan bantuan alat perlindungan diri di kalangan petugas kebersihan. Selain itu, kegiatan juga akan difokuskan untuk mendesain program bank sampah untuk mengatasi masalah sampah dan menambah pemasukan bagi mitra.  Kegiatan PKM ini akan terdiri dari sosialisasi, focus group discussion, pemaparan materi, pre-test dan post-test, yang diakhiri dengan evaluasi dan monitoring secara berkala selama 3 bulan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan kader telah memahami dan mempraktekkan konsep PHBS seperti mencuci tangan memakai sabun yang baik dan benar. Selain itu pemahaman kader akan konsep PHBS secara signifikan telah ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan nilai post-test dibandingkan pre-test sebesar 30%. Mitra mendapatkan pemahaman baru tentang konsep bank sampah namun saat ini masih terkendala dengan lokasi pembangunan bank sampah dan untuk sementara mitra bekerja sama dengan bank sampah terdekat. Hasil monitoring dan evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa mitra sudah menggunakan fasilitas yang diberikan seperti gerobak sampah, sepatu boots, jas hujan dan sarung tangan untuk mendukung aktivitas mengumpulkan sampah.
Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Pangsan
Authors: Sutama I Nyoman
Published: August 2023

Persoalan sampah saat ini sudah merupakan persoalan yang sangat kompleks, karena itu harus ditangani secara komprehensif. Kebijakan persoalan sampah sudah tertuang mulai dari tataran undang-undnag, peraturan pemerintah, peraturan daerah, peraturan gubernur, terkait hal tersebut Desa Pangsan membuat rancangan peraturan desa yang berkenaan dengan pengelolaan sampah. Dalam pengelolaan sampah pendekatan yang digunakan melalui pendekatan hulu sampai ke hilir. Pendekatan dari hulu sudah dilaksankaan di Desa Pangsan dengan adanya rancangan peraturan desa tentang kebersihan, keindahan, ketertiban dan kesehatan lingkungan. Namun pengelolaan sampah belum optimal karena belum diaturnya kewajiban pemilahan sampah oleh pedagang, pasar, dan bengkel. Demikian juga dalam pendekatan hilir belum optimal karena dalam rancangan tersebut belum mengatur tentang bank sampah, tetapi hal ini bisa diantisipasi dalam perbaikan rancangan peraturan desa tersebut atau melalui keputusan kepala desa.
Kolaborasi Pekerja Tenun Songket Dengan Perajin Sebagai Inovasi Industri Kreatif Desa Gelgel, Klungkung
Authors: Styawati Ni Komang Arini , Laksmi Anak Agung Rai Sita , Mardika I Made , Wijaya I Ketut Kasta Arya , Sitiari Ni Wayan , Vedhastama I Gusti Putu Ghosadhira
Published: August 2023

Desa Gelgel terkenal dengan produksi kain tenun khas Bali yaitu kain songket dan endek. Kain songket/endek merupakan salah satu ciri produk kebudayaan masyarakat Bali. Akan tetapi produksi kain tenun songket tidak banyak berkembang akibat permintaan yang masih rendah. Produksinya berupa kamen, selendang, dan destar hanya untuk kebutuhan upacara, belum ada kreasi baru yang dikembangkan. Apalagi Kain sekarang sudah banyak ada kain pabrikan yang mirip kain songket dengan harga yang lebih murah. Dipandang perlu adanya kolaborasi antara penenun songket dengan pengerajin secara terintegrasi. Kain tenun songket sebagai salah satu budaya masyarakat Gelgel perlu dilestarikan dengan memberikan bentuk perlindungan hukum. Permasalahan mitra adalah: 1) Permintaan hasil produksi kain tenun songket di Desa Gelgel Klungkung masih rendah. Bagaimanakah upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menciptakan inovasi agar menarik minat pembeli terhadap hasil produksi kain tenun songket di Desa Gelgel? 2) Dengan adanya persaingan bisnis yang semakin ketat, upaya-upaya apa yang dapat dilakukan dalam usaha penyaluran hasil produksi kain songket di Desa Gelgel dalam menghadapi kompetitor-kompetitor bisnis tenun? 3)Masalah Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) juga menjadi kendala bagi usaha bisnis kain songket di Desa Gelgel, karena tidak adanya generasi muda yang mau sebagai penenun di Desa Gelgel? Tiga masalah ini dipecahkan dalam pengabdian melalui sosialisasi dan pendampingan melakukan kolaborasi & inovasi antara pekerja dengan perajin tenun.
``It's my job'': a qualitative study of the mediatization of science within the scientist-journalist relationship
Authors: Moorhead Laura L. , Fleerackers Alice , Maggio Lauren
Published: August 2023

Through 19 interviews with scientists, this study examines scientists' use of media logic and their relationships with journalists using research as the focal point. The authors identified that the scientists shared a basic understanding of media logic classified in three patterns. Two patterns were previously identified by Olesk: 1) adaption (ability to explain research in a simple, engaging fashion but with a reactive approach to journalist interaction) and 2) adoption (proactively create and manage media interactions for strategic aims through a more active use of media logic). The other emerged as a new, third pattern, affiliation (enthusiastic contributors to journalists' production practices and desire to engage in public outreach).
Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy in an Infant - A Case Report
Authors: Sababathi N.T Jana , Kharlukhi Jacqueline , S Sundari
Published: August 2023

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common condition of food allergy in babies, and it is encountered in childrenwith an incidence of 2% to 7.5% estimated in the first year of life. Breast-fed and formula-fed babies can present with CMPAsymptoms, and it's essential to diagnose CMPA to avoid the repercussion of overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis. A one-year-oldfemale child complained of fresh blood in her stools for two days which was painless. She was on breast milk and complimentaryfeeds, and her nutritional status was normal. she had been through 7 similar episodes of easy blood in stools from 4 months ofage. She was treated with IV antibiotics and initially suspected of colitis, and investigations were not done. There was no familyhistory of allergy, atopy, or asthma. On examination revealed pallor, vitals stable, and systemic examination were normal.Complete blood count shows low HB, peripheral smear shows microcytic anaemia, CRP-negative. Stool for occult bloodpositive. Faecal calprotectin was negative. USG Abdomen - normal, USG Endoscopy -Normal, Colonoscopy showedOedematous mucosa of the terminal ileum and prominent villi with erythema, sigmoid, and rectum revealed erythematous witherosion with prominent Pit pattern. Biopsy- From sigmoid and rectum showed increased eosinophils in lamina propria. Hencethe child was diagnosed to have Cow's milk protein allergy. The mainstay treatment includes avoiding Cow's milk consumptionfor four weeks - 6 months’ post-diagnosis. In that instance, breastfeeding mothers should be advised to avoid milk and milkproducts during breastfeeding.
Tiranias da intimidade: impasses em torno da revista íntima de travestis presas
Authors: Sander Vanessa
Published: August 2023

Este artigo explora os impasses que surgiram com o processo de elaboração e aplicação de novas resoluções para o atendimento à população LGBT no sistema penitenciário e socioeducativo de Minas Gerais. Essas resoluções estabeleceram, entre outras recomendações, que as revistas íntimas de travestis e transexuais deveriam ser realizadas exclusivamente por agentes de segurança mulheres. Em vista dessa nova normativa, analiso as controvérsias levantadas pelas agentes femininas, que se recusaram a realizar tais procedimentos de segurança e convocaram uma audiência pública para tratar do tema, alegando “violência de gênero” contra a categoria profissional. Assim, a partir de incursões etnográficas na ala LGBT de uma unidade prisional masculina e na audiência pública em questão, discuto a natureza complexa dos modos de regulação moral das expressões de gênero e sexualidade próprios das querelas em torno da gestão cotidiana de travestis presas.
Outra vez o “sexo biológico”: o PL-346/2019, disputas políticas em torno do gênero e a controvérsia pública sobre a elegibilidade esportiva de pessoas trans
Authors: Pinto Maurício Rodrigues
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho trata da controvérsia pública em torno do Projeto de Lei nº 346/2019, protocolado na Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo (Alesp) em abril de 2019, cujo objetivo é restringir a participação de pessoas trans em competições esportiva  oficiais. De autoria do deputado estadual Altair Moraes (Republicanos/SP), o projeto que visa a estabelecer o “sexo biológico” como o parâmetro único da elegibilidade esportiva no estado de São Paulo acabou servindo de referência para outros projetos de lei de semelhante teor apresentados em casas legislativas municipais, estaduais e federal. Em um contexto marcado pelo avanço do conservadorismo, em especial após as eleições de 2018, parte-se da hipótese de que o PL 346 alinha-se à ofensiva antigênero e faz parte de uma série de disputas políticas articuladas em torno do gênero. Tal alinhamento não se daria apenas pelo cerceamento do direito de pessoas trans ao acesso a esportes de alto rendimento, mas também pela mobilização de repertórios que acenam para a reafirmação da cis-heteronormatividade e a institucionalização da transfobia.
Igrejas abertas num mundo contaminado: mobilização evangélica, liberdade religiosa e Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Silva Emanuel Freitas da , Silveira Emerson José Sena da
Published: August 2023

Durante a sindemia do novo coronavírus, parlamentares cristãos, nas redes sociais e nas tribunas legislativas, se mobilizaram em torno de projetos e pregações que defendiam que os templos permanecessem abertos, ainda que isso contribuísse para o agravamento da crise sanitária, gerando mais mortes. Neste artigo, indagamos como atores do campo religioso evangélico se utilizaram da sindemia de covid-19 para reconfigurar o campo do poder político no Brasil a partir da legitimação dos serviços prestados por suas instituições na vida social. Partimos da ideia da constituição, no interior da crise socialeconômica neoliberal, de um reacionarismo político-religioso cristão, que conjuga a ideia de liberdade individual (de ir e vir, de opinião) ao imaginário de “perseguição à fé cristã”, “ditadura do judiciário” e “comunismo” supostamente em curso no mundo e no Brasil. O lema ambivalente “Falar de Cristo, hoje, para não ser impedido de falar amanhã”, alimenta bolhas autoimunes e ação libertária, lastreadas na celebração identitária (nação cristã) e na confusão entre coisa pública e moral particular. Por meio de metodologia quanti-qualitativa, coletamos dados da mobilização (legislativa, digital e sociorreligiosa) de parlamentares ligados à diversas igrejas nas cinco regiões geopolíticas brasileiras.
Tramas do cuidado nos limiares da vida e da morte: violência, gênero e tempo nas periferias da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Carmo Milena Mateuzi
Published: August 2023

Neste texto, trato dos efeitos da violência decorrente de guerras envolvendo homens do Estado e do crime que recaem sobre famílias que moram nas periferias da cidade de São Paulo. Demonstro que os impactos vão muito além dos corpos diretamente vitimados, imiscuindo-se nas relações de familiares e vizinhos, perdurando no tempo. Argumento que a violência, absorvida pela vida ordinária, é experimentada e enfrentada não somente por linhas de raça e classe social, mas também por gênero. Enquanto são os homens que estão diretamente envolvidos em conflitos ligados ao controle de territórios produzidos pela necropolítica – sendo, portanto, as vítimas e os perpetradores diretos de homicídios, agressões e prisões –, sobre as mulheres recaem a dor da perda e as sobrecargas financeiras e emocionais acumuladas pela responsabilidade do cuidado, demandada por aqueles que estão vivos e pela tarefa cotidiana de (re)construir mundos devastados. Sem reafirmar dicotomias de gênero, o objetivo do artigo é demonstrar como a infiltração da violência na vida ordinária produz territórios e subjetividades generificadas. Defendo, enfim, que agenciamentos e estratégias cotidianas realizadas por mulheres para manter a vida são também dimensões produtivas desses territórios, profundamente ancoradas em experiências femininas relacionadas ao árduo, silenciado e criativo trabalho do cuidado.
Renovação da antroponímia em Portugal. O que os dados dos séculos XX E XXI mostram (Renewal of anthroponymy in Portugal. What data from the 20th and 21st centuries show)
Authors: Rio-Torto Graça
Published: August 2023

A presente reflexão tem por objetivo descrever as mudanças ocorridas na antroponímia recente — dos séculos XX e XXI — de Portugal, por efeito de importação de nomes de origem estrangeira. Mais especificamente, são analisados alguns dos reflexos que a inclusão de nomes de origem brasileira têm no acervo antroponomástico de prenomes de Portugal e na ampliação renovada deste. A metodologia usada para avaliar o influxo de prenomes não portugueses no acervo onomástico de Portugal assenta em (i) dados oficiais do Instituto de Registos e Notariado de Portugal e do INE-DGPJ/MJ-Aquisição e Atribuição da Nacionalidade Portuguesa e, no que diz respeito aos dados do Português do Brasil, (ii) nos que estão compilados nos acervos do IBGE, nomeadamente no Censo Demográfico de 2010 e no https://dicionariodenomesdobrasil.com.br/. Os resultados obtidos apontam para uma pluralidade e renovação ortográfica em Portugal, por força da integração de numerosos prenomes brasileiros registados na origem com uma significativa profusão de variantes ortográficas.
(Psico)linguística, Música e Musicoterapia: diálogos possíveis ((Psycho)linguistics, Music and Music Therapy: possible dialogues)
Authors: Baia Maria de Fátima de Almeida , Santos Raquel Santana
Published: August 2023

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O papel da child-directed speech no desenvolvimento fonológico: o triângulo vocálico (The role of child-directed speech in the phonological development: the vocal triangle)
Authors: Pacheco Vera , Ferreira Gláucia Danielle do Prado , Baia Maria de Fátima de Almeida , Alves Marcelo Meira
Published: August 2023

Este estudo, com base na perspectiva dos Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos (THELEN; SMITH, 1994), tem como objetivo analisar a Child-directed Speech (CDS) no desenvolvimento fonológico de crianças gêmeas e não gêmeas, adquirindo o português brasileiro (PB) de Vitória da Conquista-BA. Investigamos os aspectos acústicos do triângulo vocálico na fala das mães no contexto de CDS e no contexto sem as crianças no PB, assim como já foi mostrado em línguas como inglês, sueco, russo e chinês (KUHL et al., 1997; LIU et al, 2003). Dois experimentos foram realizados com as mães, um em situação de interação com as crianças e outro sem as crianças. A respeito das propriedades acústicas das vogais [a], [i] e [u], considerando todos os valores analisados, entendemos que, de fato, as propriedades acústicas das unidades fonéticas na fala CDS se diferenciam consideravelmente da fala não dirigida à criança. Dessa maneira, nossos dados mostram que além de alterações na prosódia, cuidadores alteram aspectos vocálicos, isto é, há também marcas segmentais na CDS em PB.
Desenredando fios da fala e do canto infantis: diferentes matizes da mesma cor (Unraveling threads of children's speech and singing: different shades of the same color)
Authors: Reigado João Pedro Lopes
Published: August 2023

Fala e canto são duas funções comunicativas humanas que partilham processos cognitivos e neurais e cuja inter-relação sempre interessou investigadores de ambas as áreas. No entanto, são poucos os estudos que comparam as vocalizações obtidas naqueles dois contextos, sobretudo em bebés e crianças em idade pré-escolar. A presente investigação acompanhou o desenvolvimento da voz cantada de crianças durante o segundo ano de vida, a partir de duas condições distintas – Conversa e Canção. As características segmentais, melódicas e rítmicas das vocalizações obtidas foram analisadas acusticamente. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças significativas nas vocalizações obtidas em função das duas condições experimentais, nomeadamente ao nível da duração das vocalizações e da extensão vocálica das mesmas. Tal poderá revelar que há uma distinção precoce entre a voz cantada e a falada. São ensaiadas reflexões relativas ao papel da aculturação e educação musicais precoces, sugerindo pistas para futuras investigações nesta área.