bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMERGING IN THE PROCESS OF DIGITALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, A.R. Turganbayeva  , Shahan A.E. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty
Published: June 2021

This article provides an overview of the risks that arise in the process of digitalization of higher education. Despite all the achievements and positive aspects of the process of digitalization of society as a whole and, in particular, in higher education, a large number of different risks arise. These include the emergence of psychological problems, pedagogical-the possible loss of pedagogical ideas that do not obey the processes of digitalization, methodological – when changing various platforms and teaching methods, technical and technological – there are problems of copyright protection and information security, difficulties in mastering technology, especially for older teachers, which can lead to discrimination against teachers and other undesirable changes in the economy and society, including in the higher education system. The article shows the possibilities of digital technologies, their impact on the emergence of risks in the economy and disappointing changes in the education system.
MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AS THE BASIS OF STUDENT TRAINING SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: Bakmanova Aigul Ibraimovna
Published: June 2021

The definition of the content of the standard in mathematics for most humanitarian specialties (we are talking about the current standards of the third generation) allows you to vary the content and develop educational programs in mathematics, taking into account the professional needs of individual humanitarian specialties. First of all, variation can concern the choice of topics that have a professionally-mathematical nature.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE ESSENCE OF MENTALITY
Authors: Stamova Rakhat Duishenguevna , Sadykova T. M.
Published: June 2021

The article considers a number of features of the mentality that make up its essence. The behavior and life activity of each individual, social groups, and society as a whole are determined by economic and political motivation and expediency, but are not limited to them, but are built on a certain spiritual and psychological basis, which includes, among other things, all previous experience, and this or that perception of reality, and value judgments, etc. This circumstance encourages philosophers to turn to such a phenomenon as mentality when evaluating certain social phenomena and processes, since mentality, forming the core of the individual and group and reflecting the main contradictions of society, determines the specific cultural level, nature and direction, and program of individual and collective actions.
Metapsicologia sobre a força inconsciente do passado
Authors: Leite Augusto Bruno de Carvalho Dias
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo, apresento os principais argumentos de Walter Benjamin acerca da centralidade do tempo passado para a constituição do fenômeno histórico através do reconhecimento de sua natureza inconsciente. Para tanto, evidencio particularmente as interpretações que Benjamin realiza da obra psicanalítica de Sigmund Freud, bem como da literatura de Marcel Proust. Defendo que Benjamin, retirando lições metapsicológicas da obra de Freud, as quais definem sua leitura filosófica de Proust, apresenta uma metapsicologia própria, que traduz conceitos da esfera individual para o âmbito coletivo da experiência. Assim, reitero a utilidade da tese benjaminiana que afirma a relevância do caráter inconsciente da consciência histórica através das ferramentas da metapsicologia.
Assessment of Seed-Borne Plant Pathogenic Fungi, Insect Emergence and Percentage Germinability Associated with Harvested and Stored Rice in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: M.B. Aremu , I.A. Kurah , N.F. Okparavero , S.O. Okunade , M.O. Adebola , M.O. Rahman , O.B. Aina
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to assess the incidence of seed-borne fungi, insect emergence as it affect the germinability rate of rice seed collected from the major rice growing areas of Kwara State, Nigeria, The rice seeds were collected during the dry season of 2019. Five (5) fungi species were isolated from all the rice samples. The incidence of fungi pathogens vary from one locality to another, as well as the frequency of occurrence. The pathogens isolated include Fusarium. oxysporium, Aspergillus spp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus., Cladosporium sp., Mucor sp. FARO 44 rice variety has the highest incidence of fungal pathogen(12.5× 104) while local varieties Alhaji Sule and Kuddo has the lowest incidence of (0.5× 104) respectively. Penicillium sp. has the highest percentage frequency of occurrence (49.3%) while cladosporium sp has lowest (1.33%) across all samples. Sample 9(F-52), 15(E) and 17(K) has the lowest percentage germinability of 41, 40 and 45% while sample 11(AB) and 8(K) has the highest percentage germinability of 84% and 77% respectively. All the samples do not have the most serious damaging insect infestation of Sitophilus oryzae but some of the sample has infestation of some other insects such as Rhyzopertha dominca, a lesser grain borer and a primary stored pest of cereals, Tribolium. castaneum a secondary pest and some other unidentified insects in varying percentage. Measures such as lowest moisture content of seed meant for storage and proper cleaning of the store must be put in place to avoid seed deterioration as a result of seed borne fungal pathogen and insect infestation.
Sustainable Development Strategies for Rural Areas in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: U.A. Sylvester , N.H. Danjuma
Published: June 2021

Sustainable development is a new concept in development economics that needs not to be limited to towns and cities in developing economies like Nigeria. This study therefore examined the strategies for promoting sustainable development in Nasarawa State. The study was guided by cross-section survey design. A sample size of 400 respondents was selected from three rural areas in the State using simple random sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire designed by the researchers was used as instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated by experts and its reliability was ascertained using the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient technique. Descriptive statistics, principally, simple percentages, mean and standard deviation were used for data analysis.The findings revealed that agricultural development and social services provisions have been the major rural development strategies adopted in the State that have been implemented in the State. The results also showed that less attention has been given to human capital development, political inclusion, infrastructural development and industrial growth. It was found that radio and television, farmers and traders association and collaboration with traditional councils are ways of creating awareness on sustainable rural development. However, exclusion of rural dwellers at the planning stage and absence of rural needs assessment were found to be the major challenges to sustainable rural development. The study revealed that employing contractors of projects from communities where projects are sited and the need to plan based rural realities can enhance rural dwellers involvement in sustainable rural development decisions. The study concluded that strategies for sustainable rural development in Nasarawa State have not been effectively designed and implemented because the emphasis has always been on agriculture. The study recommended that Government should always embark on rural development needs assessment, sustainable rural development should emphasis the bottom-top approach, greater investment in human capital and rural entrepreneurial initiatives.
Evaluation of Covid-19 Prevention and Control Protocol Compliance Among Pupil’s in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State
Authors: E.N. Dada , A.M. Amosu
Published: June 2021

In early December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. On January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization declared the outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. On 26th January, President Mohammed Buhari released COVID-19 health. With the emergence of the second wave of COVID-19 parent/guardians, teachers, schools administrators and other stakeholders were to ensure full compliance with all COVID-19 protocols as released by NCDC and Government. Survey research design was used for the study. The population comprised of 481primary school students and teachers in the ten government and private owned primary schools in Ikenne Local Government of Ogun State. Total enumeration sampling technique was adopted. A structured and validated questionnaire was used to collect the data. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for the constructs obtained was 0.893. The response rate was 89%. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding showed that all the respondents were aware of COVID-19. This finding indicated that schools’ comply with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures in Ogun State. The findings of this study revealed that the majority of the pupils had good adherence to COVID-19 prevention protocol as compared with the teachers who had poor compliance to COVID prevention protocol. Relative to other prevention strategies, wearing of facemask was the least implemented measure by the teachers. The findings revealed that the schools faced some of these challenges that hinder the effective implementation of the prevention protocol such as inadequate supply of hand washing soap and water, inadequate supply of hand sanitizers, inadequate classroom, inadequate enforcement of social distance and inadequate cleaning and disinfectant for cleaning of surface objects. Findings concluded that the schools complied with Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures in Ogun state, Nigeria to a great extent. The guideline incorporates preventive measures such as hand washing, social distancing, wearing of face masks to contain and minimize the spread of the virus. The compliance to Federal Ministry of Education guidelines on schools and learning facilities reopening after COVID-19 closures is the right direction toward reducing the transmission of the disease.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Malaria Treatment Among Pregnant Women in Selected Rural and Urban Health Centres in Osun State
Authors: J.E. Sule , A. Dora , A.T. Olabode , U. James
Published: June 2021

Background: Malaria is one of the killer diseases worldwide majorly transmitted by the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria during pregnancy remains a major public health concern in many sub-Saharan African countries with Nigeria having the highest prevalence rate (27%). Purpose: This study was therefore designed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with treatment of malaria among pregnant women in selected rural and urban health centres in Osun State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Two hundred consenting pregnant women were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique from eight PHCs from Olorunda and Osogbo LGAs. The study was a facility-based, cross-sectional comparative survey using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to analyze data and the level of statistical significance was set at α ≤ 0.05. Results: Mean age of 28.29±7.23 and 28.37±6.90 for rural and urban PHCs respectively. All the respondents are Yoruba, almost two-thirds and more than half were Muslims and Christian in rural and urban LGAs respectively. The sero-prevalence of malaria was higher among women in urban PHCs (11%) compare to women in rural PHCs (4%) with cumulative sero-prevalence of 7.5% for both LGAs, the health-seeking for women in rural area is better compare to those women in urban area. Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of malaria in pregnancy in the study areas with a clear contrast on prevalence, health-seeking behaviour and treatment practice between the target groups two LGAs.
Introduction of Glass as Fenestration in 19th Century Lagos, Nigeria: A Brief History
Authors: Adeyemi Akande
Published: June 2021

While glass as a material has been known to the people of western Nigerian for hundreds of years, it was only in the late 19th century that it became integrated into building and construction practice in Lagos. For the most part, early local architecture made little effort, if any at all, at covering window spaces with any material of permanence as the primary purpose of these orifices was more to let air in rather than light. Early European missionaries and colonial agents saw the situation differently. Their horrid fear for tropical bugs and matters of security and privacy necessitated a response and modification to the philosophy of tropical architecture. Using qualitative methods and visual analysis of archival images, this study takes a historical look at the beginnings of the integration and use of glass as fenestration and argues that so significant was the introduction in the late 19th and early 20th century in Lagos, that the innovation re-engineered the culture of architecture and living as we know it. The study identified the first building in Lagos to use glass as fenestration and discusses the role of missionaries in the development of innovation. It argues that missionary activity in the coastal city of Lagos, created a broad new industry and trade opportunities and concludes that the introduction of glass as a building material in 19th century Lagos, was not a mere development, but a significant innovation, both in construction and creativity.
School Plant Maintenance and Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Bayelsa State
Authors: Ebimuna Moses
Published: June 2021

This study investigates school plant maintenance and students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Bayelsa state. The correlational survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of this study was eighty-two thousand, five hundred and eighty-two (82,582) students of the 191 public secondary schools in the eight (8) Local government areas of Bayelsa state. A sample of 300 students was drawn from 12 schools, having a total population of 5120 students was sampled for this study. The instrument that was used for data collection in this study was a self-structured 4-point Likert Scale Modified questionnaire titled: School Plant Maintenance and Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools Questionnaire. (SPMSAPPSSQ). A test–retest method was used to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. The two sets of scores were computed using Pearson product moment correlation to determine the reliability index value 0.72 while the hypothesis is at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study revealed that maintenance of a blackboard helps the students to see clearly, thereby enhancing their academic performance; the maintenance of ICT building enables students to take part in ICT classes effectively and that steady maintenance of the library makes it possible for reliable and current books to be available for students to study widely. The study concludes by establishing the relationship between school plants maintenance and students’ academic performances in public senior secondary schools in Bayelsa State and recommended that government and schools board should often investigate the level of fitness and stability of school plants and embark on renovation and replacement of dilapidated and worn-out facilities in order to promote students’ academic performances.
Diagnostic Assessment of Students' Misconceptions about Heat and Temperature Through the Use of Two-Tier Test Instrument
Authors: A. Eric , N. Daniel , A. Richard , A. Frederick
Published: June 2021

The research looked into the misconceptions held by Physics students about some selected heat and temperature concepts. The research design employed in this study was a diagnostic-descriptive research design. A sample of 56 Senior High School (SHS) two (2) students, drawn from Berekum Senior School in the Berekum Municipality, Ghana, were used for the study. An instrument known as the Two-Tier Test Instrument of Heat and Temperature Concepts (HTCT) was employed in data gathering. Mean score, standard deviation, frequencies, percentage were used to answer research questions one and two, while one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and correlational analysis was used to answer research question three. Results indicated that students used for this study hold misconceptions, lack understanding, and have difficulties explaining the selected heat and temperature concepts used in the HTCT instrument. The results also revealed that misconceptions about heat and temperature concepts non-significantly interact with student age (F .545 = .463, p > .05), but significantly interact with students' gender (F 4.541 = .038, p < .05). Based on the results obtained, the researchers recommended the use of two-tier test instruments and advanced organisers to identify students’ misconceptions of scientific concepts.
Effect of Internship Experiential Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement in Utilization of Model Office Technologies in Federal Colleges of Education in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: C.C. Okolocha , F.S. Benstowe
Published: June 2021

This study determines the effect of internship experiential learning on students' academic achievement in utilization of model office technology in Federal Colleges of Education in south-south, Nigeria. Two specific purposes, two research questions and two hypotheses were posed to guide the study. Quasi-experimental research design with pretest, post-test, non-randomized groups was adopted. 86 N.C.E. Ill business education (OTME) students during the 2018/2019 academic session made up the population. The sample consisted of 45 and 41 N.C.E. III Business Education (OTME) students from Federal College of Education (Tech.), Asaba and 41 OTME students from Federal College of Education (Tech.), Omoku, Rivers State. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample for study. A rating scale questionnaire was used for determining the students' academic achievement in model office technologies utilization. The instrument was validated by three lecturers from Faculty of Education, Nnarndi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State. The rating scale was subjected to reliability of stability using test-retest method to obtain r-value of 0.90. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean scores to answer research questions one. Independent t-test was used to test null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. All data were computed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 0.16. The findings revealed those exposed to model office technologies using internship experiential learning scored higher than those in control group. The findings also revealed that both male and female benefited from internship experiential learning activities used for teaching model office technologies. In same vein, the results revealed significant difference in the academic scores of experimental as against that of control group. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Business education (OTME option) lecturers should try as much as possible to adopt, design and implement internship experiential learning when handling any course that has to do with model office technologies utilization in order to assist students to acquire the needed practical skills content.
Knowledge and Health-Belief as Predictor of Prevention and Management of Childhood Diarrhoea at Federal Medical Centre, Owo
Authors: O.M. Ogunmiluyi , A. Ademola
Published: June 2021

Childhood diarrhoea is found to be the second main cause of under-five mortality the world over, in the developing countries. Therefore, the study examines the health beliefs of mothers as predictors of prevention and management of childhood diarrhoea in Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State. The study employs a descriptive cross-sectional survey research, a consecutive sampling technique to select 166 mothers of under-five children at the Children Outpatient Clinic of FMC, Owo. A mixed method analysis of quantitative and in-depth interviews was utilized to retrieve information from mothers of under-five children in FMC, Owo. The demographic information and research question was analysed using descriptive statistics while the research hypothesis was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Linear regression. The results revealed that, more than half of the mothers have average knowledge of childhood diarrhoea. Across all the factors, there was a moderate level of health belief in the prevention of childhood diarrhoea among the nursing mothers of under-five children. 66.5% Average level of management of childhood diarrhoea. The first hypothesis indicated a significant relationship of socio-demographic characteristics and prevention of childhood diarrhoea among nursing mothers in under-five children in FMC, Owo Marital Status, 0.625, Occupation, 0.788, income of mother, 0.911, ethnicity, 0.771 and level of education, 0.604) and the prevention of childhood diarrhoea, this was significant 0.05 level of significance. However, religion was not significantly related with the prevention of childhood diarrhoea and prevention of childhood diarrhoea among nursing mothers of under-five children in FMC, Owo (p > 0.05). There was a significant relationship between knowledge and management of childhood diarrhoea among nursing mothers of under-five children in FMC, Owo (r=0.779, df=165, p<0.05). The study recommends that there is a need for public health physicians, social workers to provide nutritional educational programs about diarrhoea should be implemented for mothers in different community health services. Government should enforce good sanitation and improvement of housing conditions, especially water resources in rural areas.
Solving open travelling salesman subset-tour problem through a hybrid genetic algorithm
Authors: Singamsetty Purusotham , Thenepalle Jayanth Kumar , Uruturu Balakrishna
Published: June 2021

In open travelling salesman subset-tour problem (OTSSP), the salesman needs to traverse a set of k (≤n) out of n cities and after visiting the last city, the salesman does not necessarily return to the central depot. The goal is to minimize the overall traversal distance of covering k cities. The OTSSP model comprises two types of problems such as subset selection and permutation of the cities. Firstly, the problem of selection takes place as the salesman’s tours do not contain all the cities. On the other hand, the next problem is about to determine the optimal sequence of the cities from the selected subset of cities. To deal with this problem efficiently, a hybrid nearest neighbor technique based crossover-free Genetic algorithm (GA) with complex mutation strategies is proposed. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first hybrid GA for the OTSSP. As there are no existing studies on OTSSP yet, benchmark instances are not available for OTSSP. For computational experiments, a set of test instances is created by using TSPLIB. The extensive computational results show that the proposed algorithm is having great potential in achieving better results for the OTSSP. Our proposed GA being the first evolutionary-based algorithm that will help as the baseline for future research on OTSSP.
Bibliometric evaluation of research on political risks in construction projects
Authors: Wei Chunling , Deng Xiaopeng , Chang Tengyuan , Mahmoudi Amin , Ullah Safi
Published: June 2021

The current study aims to provide an overview of the research on political risk using the Web of Science（WoS）database as well as summarize research results and put forward some suggestions for research directions of political risk in international construction projects. It is the first time scientometric analysis of political risk research is executed. In this regard, the papers related to political risk in the WoS database have been retrieved and the literature is sorted out by visual and content analysis methods. Visual analysis is used to analyze the research overview, knowledge base, and research hotspots of this field. The content analysis method is adopted to expound the current research focus from three perspectives inducing the influence of political risk, risk assessment, and risk management measures. The results show that in the political risk context, the number of publications has experienced an increasing trend in recent years. Based on the existing literature on political risk for all companies, this overview provides some suggestions to address the political risk in international construction projects in the future. The results contribute to the scholars understanding of the research overview, research hotspots, and future research directions of political risk research in construction projects.
Factors affecting the competition of an irrigation construction project using state budget funds
Authors: Vu Trong Lam , Nguyen Ngoc Toan , Nguyen Thi To Phuong
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is to evaluate factors affecting the progress of completing construction of irrigation projects using state budget funds. To achieve the goal, to research and conduct surveys of investors, contractors, managers of irrigation construction investment projects. Analysis results from 269 valid questionnaires using SmartPLS 3.6 software showed that all 6 factors: Investor, Peripheral, Capital, Contractors, Consultant, Convenience, all factors have a positive impact on progress of completing irrigation construction projects using state budget funds in Thai Binh province, Vietnam.
Influence of abiotic factors on incidence of apple and nut borer, Thylocoptila panrosema Meyrick of cashew
Authors:   College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai, The Dangs, Gujarat, India, D. M. Damasia , Z. P. Patel , N. M. Thesia
Published: June 2021

A research was carried out on cashew variety Vengurla-4 at farmer’s field in hilly area of the Dangs district, Gujarat, India during 2018 and 2019 to study the association between the incidence of apple and nut borer of cashew and abiotic factors. Regular weekly observations were recorded on the per cent damage of the pest. Apple and nut borer incidence was confined during January to May with maximum damage during April and was negatively influenced by evening and mean relative humidity as well as bright sunshine hours.
Characteristics of primary cutaneous metastasis in Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, in ten years
Authors: Sutedja Eva Krishna , Diana Inne A , Alkatirie Dhaifina , Johan Reyshiani
Published: June 2021

Background: Cutaneous metastasis (CM) is a rare condition characterized by skin infiltration and cell proliferation from malignant tumor. Breast cancer is the most common primary malignancy causing CM. This retrospective study aimed to recognize the characteristics of CM from internal organ malignancies, based on the medical records from the Tumor and Dermatology Surgery Division, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia during October 2008-September 2018.

Methods: The diagnosis of CM referred to clinical manifestations, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examinations. All medical records of patients contained gender and age, primary malignancy, clinical manifestations and location of skin disorders, time interval between diagnosis of primary malignancy and occurrence of CM, and mortality. Data were collected and evaluated descriptively.

Results: A total of five subjects consisted of 3 patients with breast cancer, 1 patient with lung cancer, and 1 patient with prostate cancer. The subjects' age ranged from 40 to 49 years old (40%) and above 60 years old (40%) with the male to female ratio of 2:3. Breast cancer is found to be the most common malignancy (60%). All of the subjects had a skin lesion on the chest wall, abdomen, and back, and 60% of subjects had a nodule as a clinical manifestation. As much as 60% of subjects have died within four months after CM diagnosis was established.

Conclusion: Breast cancer is the most common cause of CM. The CM's primary malignancies are affected by sex, age, clinical manifestations, predilection, and mortality characteristics.
Pelvic ultrasound scanning in asymptomatic adult-type granulosa cell tumor: A case report and review
Authors: Aprilia Bella , Nuranna Laila , Hellyanti Tantri
Published: June 2021

Background: Ovarian cancer is common amongst women worldwide. In Indonesia, it is the fourth most common female cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 45%, but can reach up to 92% if treated early. Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) arise from the sex-cord and are considered malignant. This study presents a rare case of asymptomatic adult-type granulosa cell tumor in an elderly lady diagnosed during routine pelvic ultrasound scanning.
Case Illustration: A 65-year-old lady, P2A0, was referred due to left ovarian mass three years before admission. A left adnexal mass was palpated with no sign of internal genital adhesion. Transvaginal ultrasound showed atrophy of uterus and thin endometrial layer. One solid adnexal mass with a cystic part was found on the left adnexal with papillary projection and low resistance index. Histopathological examination revealed adult type-granulosa cell tumor and classical Call-Exner body with grooved nuclei (coffee bean nuclei). Diagnosis of GCT was made by histological findings.
Discussion: Histologically, granulosa cells of adult subtype appear round, pale, with scant cytoplasm, classic coffee bean nuclei and Call-Exner bodies. In contrast, the juvenile subtype has eosinophilic and/or vacuolated cytoplasm with macrofollicular or cystic patterns, composed of immature granulosa cells with frequent mitoses. Call-Exner bodies and coffee bean grooved nuclei are not commonly found.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of GCT was made through histological findings which were consistent with previous findings. Therefore, a laparotomy frozen section can be considered in menopausal women with suspected ovarian neoplasms.
W-visible submodules and W-fully visible modules
Authors: S. Fiadh Mahmood , Buthyna N. Shihab  , Munther H. Abed
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we presented a special type of submodule named W-visible submodule, which is weaker
than the visible submodule, where a proper submodule W of a T-module X is said to be W-visible if W = IW for some
non-zero proper ideal I of T. Also, we presented the concept of W-fully visible module, where a module X over a
ring T is said to be W-fully visible if any proper submodule of X is W-visible submodule. This concept is considered
weaker than the concept of fully visible module. In this study, we achieved numerous results and characteristics that
belong to this concept
The Effect of Financial Self-Efficacy and Financial Knowledge on Financial Management Behavior
Authors: Asmin Erny Amriani , Ali Muhammad , Nohong Mursalim , Mardiana Ria
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine financial knowledge and financial self-efficacy on financial management behavior. All respondents who were sampled in this study were young entrepreneurs who started a business from the beginning as many as 85 respondents, taking samples using a non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. The data is processed using Warp-Pls 7.0 based on multiple regression. Financial self-efficacy and financial knowledge have a positive and significant contribution to financial management Behavior for young entrepreneurs. The results of this study have managerial implications that the government's attention is essential in providing facilities and infrastructure, favorable regulations for SMEs by creating an excellent entrepreneurial climate and facilitating the adoption of information technology so that SMEs can be technology literate. In addition, the relevant government, in this case for SME entrepreneurs' existence helps the government to succeed in development, especially in the economic field, and reduce unemployment. Based on our study states financial self-efficacy and financial knowledge have a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior for young entrepreneurs. Both, play a vital role in helping to build confidence in financial planning and management knowledge, understanding, and being able to overcome all business risks to achieve the expected success.
Spatial and bathymetric trends in composition and taxonomic diversity of Polychaeta (Annelida) assemblages from the deep Southern Gulf of California
Authors: Mercado-Santiago Araceli Jaquelín , Hernández-Alcántara Pablo , Solís-Weiss Vivianne
Published: June 2021

The deepsea fauna from the southern Gulf of California is currently poorly known, with only 193 species reported to date. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition, density, species richness, and taxonomic diversity (Δ) of the deepsea polychaetes of this region. Fifteen stations (238–2900 m depth) were sampled in 2012 and 2013. Eighty-four species from 58 genera and 26 families were identified. Density ranged from 4.76 to 42.86 ind 0.1m−2 and was not significantly correlated with depth; species richness ranged from 2 to 17 species per station, the lowest (2–6 species) occurring between depths of 651 and 915 m. Four assemblages were identified associated with depth (RANOSIM = 0.43, P = 0.002) and geographic position (RANOSIM = 0.56, P = 0.001): Prionospio elhersi–Subadyte mexicana–Syllis alternata (<350 m depth) and Aricidea sp. A–Ninoe jessicae (600–1000 m) in the western gulf; Onuphis similis–Aricidea (Acmira) simplex (1300–1600 m) and Aglaophamus paucilamellata–Sthenolepis spargens (>1200 m) in the middle gulf; stations 14A and 2A, sharing only their position at the far eastern gulf, remained isolated from any other assemblage. The highest diversity was found at 1300–1600 m (Δ = 86.1) and at >2000 m (Δ = 83–98) but decreased to Δ = 61.85 at 600–1000 m. The assemblage structure based on genera and family levels were similar to those based on species (Rho > 0.6), suggesting that either of the former two could be suitable surrogates for monitoring changes at the studied depths.
REMARKS ON THE *- TOPOLOGY
Authors: EL-MONSEF M. E. ABD , LASHIEN E. F. , NASEF A. A.
Published: June 2021

An ideal I on a set $X$ is a collection of subsets of $X$ which is closed under the operations of subset (heredity) and finite union (additivity). Ideals are useful in generation new spaces from the old ones. The central theme in this paper is to give new characterizations and properties to the *-topology in the sense of Hashimoto or I-topology in the sense of Vaidyanathaswamy and $\tau^*(I)$ in the sense of Hamlett, Rose and Jankovic. Several connections between the *-topology and other corresponding ones are investigated.
ON THE SCHWARZIAN COEFFICIENTS OF THE KOEBE TRANSFORM OF A UNIVALENT FUNCTION
Authors: ZEMYAN STEPHEN M.
Published: June 2021

For $f \in S$, we compute the Schwarzian coefficients of the Koebe Transform $f_{\phi_\alpha}$ of $f$ in terms of successive derivatives of the Schwarzian derivative, then provide some estimates on certain combinations of them.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMINORMABILITY OF A TOPOLOGICAL ALGEBRA
Authors: MANCHANDA PAMMY
Published: June 2021

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be an algebra over a field $F$ and let $N$ be a norm on $F$. A seminorm (norm) on $\mathcal{A}$ associated with $N$ is defined. It is proved that if $(\mathcal{A}, \mathcal{J})$ is a proper topological algebra over a proper topological field $(F,T)$, then $T$ is defined by a norm $N$ and $\mathcal{J}$ is defined by a seminorm $||\cdot ||$ associated with $N$ (a norm $||\cdot ||$ associated with $N$ if $\mathcal{J}$ is Hausdorff) if and only if the following three conditions are satisfied.

(i) $(F,T)$ has a nonempty open bounded set.(ii) $(F,T)$ has a nonzero topological nilpotent element.

(iii) $(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{J})$ has a nonempty open bounded set.
AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF STIRLING'S METHOD IN BANACH SPACES
Authors: ARGYROS IOANNIS K.
Published: June 2021

The method of nondiscrete mathematical induction is applied to Stirling's method. The method yields a very simple proof of the convergence and error estimates which are generally better than those given in the literature.
ON THE EXISTENCE OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS
Authors: HUANG LIHONG , YU JIANSHE
Published: June 2021

In this paper three theorems on the existence of nontrivial periodic solutions of the system

\[ dx/dt =e(y)\]\[dy/dt =-e(y)f(x)- g(x)\]

are proved, which not only generalize some known results on the existence of periodic solutions of Lienard's system (i.e. the special form for $e(y) = y$), but also relax or eliminate some traditional assumptions.
AN EXTREMAL PROBLEM FOR ALGEBRAIC POLYNOMIAL
Authors: MILOVANOVIĆ IGOR Ž. , KOVAČEVIĆ MILAN A.
Published: June 2021

Some extremal properties for nonnegative polynomials of degree $\le n$ on the interval $(-1,1)$ are proved.
A NOTE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF LARGE SET OF LATIN SQUARES WITH ONE ENTRY IN COMMON
Authors: FU CHIN-MEI
Published: June 2021

A latin square of order $n$ is an $n \times n$ array such that each of the integers $1, 2, 3, \cdots, n$ occurs exactly once in each row and each column. A large set of latin squares of order $n$ having only one entry in common is a maximum set of latin squares of order $n$ such that each pair of them contains exactly one fixed entry in common. In this paper, we prove that a large set of latin squares of order $n$ having only one entry in common has $n - 1$ latin squares for each positive integer $n$, $n \ge 4$.
EXISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS OF IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSIONS
Authors: ANGURAJ A. , BALACHANDRAN K.
Published: June 2021

We prove the existence of solutions for the implicit differen- tial inclusions of the form

\[ \dot x(t) \in A(t,x)+F(t,x,\dot x) \text{ for } t \in I, \text{ a.e. }  \qquad x(r) =0 \]

with $I = [r,r+a]$ by using the Covitz-Nadler fixed point theorem.
A NOTE ON GENERALIZED OPIAL TYPE INEQUALITIES
Authors: PACHPATTE B. G.
Published: June 2021

In the present note we establish some new inequalities involv- ing integrals of functions and their derivatives which in the special cases yield the well known Opial inequality and some of its generalizations.
ON THE DENJOY-PERRON-BOCHNER INTEGRAL
Authors: SIUDUT STANISLAW
Published: June 2021

The notion of Denjoy integrals of abstract functions was first intro- duced by A. Alexiewicz [1]. His descriptive definitions are based upon a concept of the approximate derivative. In this paper we present another descriptive definition for the Denjoy-Perron integral of abstract functions - via the parametric derivative of Tolstov [8]. Some properties of this integral are examined.
SOME THEOREMS ON A GENERALIZED LAPLACE TRANSFORM OF GENERALIZED FUNCTIONS
Authors: GUPTA AWADHESH CHANDRA , MAHATO ANIL KUMAR
Published: June 2021

In this paper we extend the generalized Laplace transform
\[F(s)=\frac{\Gamma(\beta+\eta+1)}{\Gamma(\alpha+\beta+\eta+1)}\int_0^\infty (st)^\beta\ _1F_1(\beta+\eta+1, \alpha+\beta+\eta+1; -st)f(t) dt\]

where $f(t)\in L(0,\infty)$, $\beta\ge 0$, $\eta > 0$; to a class of generalized functions. We will extend the above transform to a class of generalized functions as a special case of the convolution  transform and prove an inversion formula for it.
ON THE INTERLACING PROPERTY OF STABLE COMPLEX SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: ZAHREDDINE ZIAD
Published: June 2021

By exploiting recent stability results, an interesting property known in stability theory as the interlacing property is revisited and reproduced. The approach is straightforward and highlights the central role that positive para-odd functions is currently playing in the stability of complex systems of differential equations.
REPRESENTATION OF PRIMES BY THE PRINCIPAL FORM OF NEGATIVE DISCRIMINANT $\Delta$ WHEN $h(\Delta)$ IS 4
Authors: WILLIAMS KENNETH S. , LIU D.
Published: June 2021

Let $\Delta$ be a negative integer which is congruent to 0 or 1 (mod 4). Let $H(\Delta)$ denote the form class group of classes of positive-definite, primitive integral binary quadratic forms $ax^2 +bxy +cy^2$ of discriminant $\Delta$. If $H(\Delta)$ is a cyclic group of order 4, an explicit quartic polynomial $\rho \Delta(x)$ of the form $x^4-bx^2 +d$ with integral coefficients is determined such that for an odd prime $p$ not dividing $\Delta$, $p$ is represented by the principal form of discriminant $\Delta$ if and only if the congruence $\rho \Delta(x) \equiv 0$ (mod $p$) has four solutions.
ON THE CONVERGENCE OF SOME PROJECTION METHODS AND INEXACT NEWTON-LIKE ITERATIONS
Authors: ARGYROS IOANNIS K.
Published: June 2021

We provide a general theorem for the convergence of some projection methods for inexact Newton-like iterations under Yamamoto-type assumptions. Our results extend and improve several situations already appeared in the literature.
OSCILLATION AND COMPARISON THEOREMS FOR NEUTRAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
Authors: ZHANG B. G. , YAN PENGXIANG
Published: June 2021

In this paper we study qualitative properties of solutions of the neutral difference equation
$$ \Delta(y_n-py_{n-k})+\sum_{i=1}^m q_n^i y_{n-k_i} =0 $$
$$ y_n=A_n \quad \text{ for } n=-M, \cdots, -1, 0$$

where $p \ge 1$, $M =\max\{k, k_1, \cdots, k_m\}$, and $k$, $k_i$, $i =1, \cdots, m$, are nonnegative integers. Riccati techniques are used.
RECURSIVE ESTIMATION AND TESTING IN GENERAL LINEAR MODELS WITH APPLICATIONS TO REGRESSION DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: BHIMASANKARAM P. , JAMMALAMADAKA S. RAO
Published: June 2021

RECURSIVE ESTIMATION AND TESTING IN GENERAL LINEAR MODELS WITH APPLICATIONSTO REGRESSION DIAGNOSTICS
ASYMPTOTIC NONNULL DISTRIBUTION OF LRC FOR TESTING $H:\mu=\mu_0$; $E=\sigma^2 I_p$ IN GAUSSIAN POPULATION
Authors: NAGAR D. K. , GUPTA A. K.
Published: June 2021

In this paper asymptotic expansions of the nonnull distribution of the likelihood ratio statistic for testing $H:\mu=\mu_0$; $E=\sigma^2 I_p$, against alternatives which are close to $H$, for Gaussian population, have been derived.
The Efficacy of Celecoxib During Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma; A Phase 2 Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Aghili Mahdi , Ghalehtaki Reza , Rayzan Elham , Farzin Mostafa , Mojahed Mohammad Mahdi , Izadi Shahrzad , Kazemian Ali
Published: June 2021

Background: Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), an enzyme induced in pathological states, mediates the production of prostaglandins. Celecoxib as a selective COX-2 inhibitor may affect the outcome of treatments in several cancer types. Objectives: We conducted a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of celecoxib administered concurrently with chemoradiation in locally advanced head and neck carcinomas. Methods: Patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinoma referred for definitive chemoradiation were eligible to enter the study. Celecoxib (100mg, qid, oral) or placebo was administered all over the chemoradiation period. Results: Totally, 122 patients were enrolled. Patients in the celecoxib group had a longer median time to onset of grade 2 mucositis (56 days vs. 28 days, P < 0.001) and a lower rate of grade 3 mucositis (1.6% vs. 21.3%, P = 0.001). The 4-year progression-free survival was significantly higher in the celecoxib group (P = 0.0013). Conclusions: This study revealed that utilizing celecoxib may lead to better tumor local control and delayed and reduced mucosal side effects of chemoradiation.
Effectiveness of Theraplay in Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Bereaved Siblings of Children with Cancer
Authors: Sepehrtaj Arefeh , Younesi Seyed Jalal , Seyed Mousavi Parisa , Khani Jeihooni Ali , Jafari Parvin
Published: June 2021

Background: Sibling relationships are very significant relationships, and their termination due to death will have profound long-term effects on the life of the surviving children. Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of theraplay on internalizing and externalizing problems in bereaved siblings. Methods: This study was carried out using a single-subject multiple baseline design with follow-up. The statistical population included siblings and mothers of children aged 6 - 10 years who were on treatment at Mahak Pediatric Cancer Hospital and died one or two years ago. From this population, four mother-child pairs were selected as the study sample by convenience sampling. Each mother-child pair participated in 15 theraplay sessions once a week (45-min sessions). The assessments were carried out using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at baseline and in the intervention sessions and follow-up. Visual analysis of graphic displays of level, Reliable Change Index (RCI), and clinical significance were used to analyze the data. Data analysis and drawing the graphs were performed in Microsoft Excel 2016. Results: The results of the visual and quantitative data analysis showed a significant reduction in the four participants' internalizing problems during therapy. The reduction in the scores of this subscale in participants 1, 2, and 3 continued into the follow-up period and was noticeable. The results also showed that theraplay reduced the externalizing problems of most participants. A large proportion of these results persisted into the follow-up period. Conclusions: Theraplay appears to effectively reduce the internalizing and externalizing problems of bereaved siblings.
Dutch Reformed support for Assisted Dying in the Netherlands 1969–2019
Authors: Boer Theo A. , Groenewoud A. Stef ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

In the opinion of many, medical assistance in dying is advocated primarily by secular thinkers whereas Christians seem to be more skeptical. However, we conclude that Dutch euthanasia practice, the most liberal in the world, would not have been possible without the support of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands. We examine four sources that illustrate the nature and extent of that support: national surveys from 1970–2018, official church reports from 1972–2003, contributions to the public debate in the formative 1970s and 1980s made by protestant theologians and physicians, and a recent survey amongst Reformed pastors regarding their experiences with a parishioner’s euthanasia request. In the form of seven characteristics of Dutch Calvinism we explore the reasons for this early advocacy and try to understand why this support seems to be fading since the turn of the century.
Irreconcilable Disagreement
Authors: Eberle Christopher J. ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: June 2021

John Rawls’s articulation of what makes for justice in war includes one of his most interesting, yet least discussed, assessments of religion and state coercion. Rawls claims that “the duties of the statesman in political liberalism” are incompatible with adherence to “the Catholic doctrine of double effect” when that doctrine precludes the deliberate targeting of innocent and harmless human beings in a “supreme emergency.” I explicate Rawls’s argument in favor of that claim, articulate various theological objections, and assess some proposed restrictions on the justificatory role of religious reasons in the light of that disagreement.