bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Performance Ferrocement Laminate Strengthening Technology
Authors: Shang Shou Ping , Li Long
Published: September 2013

High Performance Ferrocement Laminate (HPFL) is a new strengthening structure method which needs to imbed the shear dowel on the strengthened material in order to ensure the associated work effect of high performance ferrocement laminate and the original structural member. This paper introduces the measures and examples of high performance ferrocement laminate. The way has the characteristic of good effect, low cost and simple construction methods, and it is suitable for the vast areas which need resisting earthquake.
Automatic Identification and Optimization Algorithm of Existing Railway Planar Feature Points
Authors: Liu Wei , Pu Hao , Li Wei , Zhao Hai Feng
Published: September 2013

In order to achieve the reconstruction of existing horizontal railway alignments, automatic identification model and optimization algorithm for existing railway planar feature points are proposed. Firstly total least square method of constraint adjustment quantity is proposed, based on which, automatic identification model is built. Then an evaluation function with the radius of circular curve and the lengths of two transition curves as parameters is presented. Based on the direction acceleration method, a reconstruction optimization algorithm is proposed to optimize this ternary implicit function. The proposed model and algorithm can realize the automatic fitting of measuring points and the optimal localization of planar feature points. Example shows that the reconstruction result is considerably superior to the traditional method and is feasible for the engineering practice.
The High Speed Influence on Inherent Frequency of Motorized Spindle
Authors: Wang Bo , Xu Kun Peng , Wen Bang Chuan
Published: September 2013

The paper determines the impact factors of high-speed spindle system including the centrifugal force, gyroscopic moments and the bearing stiffness softening, and builds the general spindle-bearing FEM considering high speeds. Taking a motorized spindle as example, the effect of centrifugal force, gyroscopic effect, the radial stiffness and the coupling factors are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Finally the research shows the variations of bearing radial stiffness, centrifugal force and gyroscopic moments have a significant effect on dynamics of spindle system in high speeds, while modeling the high speed spindle system, above factors must be considered.
Research on Tunnel Interior Zone Luminance Evaluation Method and its Application
Authors: Hu Jing Bi , Guo Da , Zhang Xiao Qin
Published: September 2013

Because of the special traffic environment, the tunnel is called a bottleneck on the highway sections; there is a huge risk of safe operation. Tunnel interior zone lighting plays an important role in the tunnel; good lighting can eliminate depression and driving fatigue of the driver in the tunnel. In this paper, freeway tunnel interior zone lighting is as the research object. We analyzed the driver's demand for freeway tunnel interior zone lighting and transformed illumination to luminance in the model of driver workload, operating speed and the illumination. And this model is established by our group. According to comfortable and relatively comfortable driving workload intense threshold, we can get the safe and comfortable luminance threshold of tunnel interior zone. This paper proposed a detection and evaluation method in freeway tunnel interior zone luminance, and the method have been applied and verified on one freeway in south China.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy Acetophenone Condensed the Aminobenzenearsonic Acid
Authors: Qi Jun Sheng , Wang Yu Ling , Cao Yang
Published: September 2013

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy acetophenone condensed the Aminobenzenearsonic Acid was synthesized by paeonol and aminobenzenearsonic acid. that is, arsanilic compounds (3b). At the same time, the compound was characterized by IR-NMR-MS, as well as four methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay the arsine compounds (3b) on growth inhibition of human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 cell at different times under different concentration. It is shown that the arsine compounds (3b) can significantly inhibit the growth of human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Its effects were dose-and time-dependent. It is indicated a potential anti-tumor activity.
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from the Leaves, Fruits and Stems of Lantana camara L. from the South China
Authors: Zhu Feng , Lu Wei Hong , Pan Jia Hui , Huang Mei Zhen , Wu Jing Shu
Published: September 2013

The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oils from the leaves, fruits and stems ofLantana camaraL. from the South China were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The GC/MS analysis revealed the sesquiterpenoids germacrene D (20.0%),trans-caryophyllene (14.8%) andα-humulene (5.8%) as major constituents in the leaf oil, and palmitic acid (22.5%), stearic acid (12.6%) and germacrene D (7.0%) as major constituents in the fruit oil, while the major constituents in the stem oil were germacrene D (31.0%),β-elemene (17.6%) andα-phellendrene (6.7%). The essential oils were tested for antibacterial activity against 6 strains, using broth dilution method. Both the leaf and stem oils showed moderate inhibitory activity againstStaphylococcus aureus,S. epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus dysenteriae,B. proteus, andEscherichia coli. High percentage of sesquiterpenes in the oils were primary responsible for the antibacterial activities.
Expression Condition Optimization and Product Structure Analysis of Human β-Defensin-2 Fusion Protein in Engineered Bacteria
Authors: Wei Hong Tao , Han Xue Mei , Liu Tian Ji , Zhang Guo Li
Published: September 2013

Using conical flask culture for simulation of small-scale fermentation, we studied the changes in β-defensin-2 (HBD-2) protein expression when HBD-2-harbording engineered bacteria were exposed to different culture conditions, culture media, incubation temperatures, pH values, and inducer concentrations. We also performed computer simulation-based structural analysis of the target protein. Our results showed that HBD-2 fusion protein was most abundantly expressed in the engineered bacteria cultured in M9B2 medium at 32°C at a pH range of 7.3 to 7.5 upon induction by 1.2 mmol/L IPTG. Computer simulation-based structure analysis showed that enhanced hydrophilicity of the recombinant protein did not reduce the epitopes of HBD-2 fusion protein and that HBD-2 fusion protein kept the same structure as that of the native protein.
Optimization of Enzymatic Reaction Conditions of γ-­Cyclomaltodextrin by CGTase
Authors: Cao Xin Zhi , Ming Hong Mei , Xiong Li
Published: September 2013

A strain of bacillus alkalophilus12-7 which could produce glucanotransferase (CGTase) forming γ-cyclodextrin was screened. Cyclodextrin production technology conditions were studied, and we mainly discussed the influence of enzymatic reaction conditions on γ-cyclodextrin production by glucanotransferase. The results show that enzymatic reaction conditions are pH 8.0, temperature 60°C, enzyme amount 500 U/g starch, glycyrrhizic acid concentration 2%, DE 6 ~ 11, γ- CD yield is good, edible canna starch and tapioca starch are suitable substrate for CGTase in production of γ- CD, pullulanase in increased the γ- CD yield is limited.
Progesterone Side-Chain Cleavage by Aspergillus versicolor
Authors: Yang Hai Ying , Su Hai Ling , Du Gang , Shen Guang Jian , Sun Jing Xian , Chen Hai Yun
Published: September 2013

Side chain cleavage of progesterone occurred in the biotransformation by Aspergillus versicolor. The conversion products were purified by column chromatography with ether/EtOAc and characterized by spectroscopic methods including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, UV, MS and physical constants such as melting point and optical rotation. Those conversion products were identified as testosterone, androstenedione and androstenediendione.
Study on Synthesis of (R)-2,2-Dimethyl-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-ethynylox-azolidine
Authors: Tang Lin Jun , Lv Chang Shan , Liu Dong Wang , Feng Jun Min , Chen Shi Peng , Zhang Jian Ting , Wang Xiao Ji , Huang Shuang Ping
Published: September 2013

(R)-2,2-Dimethyl-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-ethynylox-azolidine, an intermediate of the natural product jaspine B, which was isolated from various sponges and endowed with cytotoxic activity against several human carcinoma cell lines, was synthesized fromL-Serine in overall yield 43% through seven steps, including esterification, Boc protection, acetonization, reduction, Swern oxidation and Corey-Fuchs reaction.
Fingerprint Analysis of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method with Diode-Array Detection
Authors: Xi Guang Sheng
Published: September 2013

The fingerprints analysis of different lines ofPolygonatum odoratum(Mill.) Druce were established by high-performance liquid chromatographic with diode-array detection (HPLC/DAD). The analyses were performed on ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×250 mm, 5 μm) column using a mobile phase (aqueous 0.05% formic acid-acetonitrile) under gradient conditions. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The detecting wavelength was set at 210 nm. HPLC fingerprints of two lines were little different. The similarity of the same line was greater than 0.9, and the average similarity of the different lines was 0.794. This method could be suitable for the line identification and quality control ofPolygonatum odoratum(Mill.) Druce.
Beware of Pseudo Matrix-Matched Standard Calibration Curve due to Matrix Effect on Sulfonamide Residue in Honey
Authors: Wang Yan Hua , Xu Dong Mei , Chen Chia Hung , Cheng Shuenn Ren , Chang-Chien Guo Ping
Published: September 2013

Honey was a particular matrix with a variety of composition and origin, which lead to different degree of matrix effect on analytes. As a rule, the matrix-matched calibration curve from blank honey was adopted to quantifying analyte in a batch. This paper investigated matrix effect on sulfonamide in four honey samples by high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry detection. The main goal was to check whether matrix-matched calibration curve obtained from a random blank honey could match the real samples in character within current recommended acceptance criteria. It was found that analyte recovery from true matrix-matched standard calibration curve ranged 87.7-117.3%, whereas recovery from surrogate matrix-matched calibration curves gave a very wide range from 54.3 to 150.2%, far beyond the acceptance criteria. So it was perhaps not feasible to use a surrogated blank sample to prepare matrix-matched calibration curve for quantifying analyte, particularly for largely diverse honey samples in a batch. To reduce error from inter-sample matrix effect, the best solution seemed to use internal standard or standard addition.
Specifically Deoxyribozyme of the PTPRO Gene as a Potential Gene Therapy Means for Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Su Chun Nian , Yu Min
Published: September 2013

Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type O (PTPRO) has been described in several forms of cancer as a new member of the PTP family. The tumor suppressor function of PTPRO was evaluated by design and synthesis the 10-23 deoxyribozyme (DRz), thio-modified DRz (DRz-s) and antisense oligonucleotide (asON) of the PTPRO genomic mRNA to detect the catalytic cleavage activity. Firstly, the cDNA fragment of PTPRO gene was amplified from total cellular RNA of the HepG2.2.15 cells by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Subsequently, the fragments were cloned to pcDNA3.1(+) plasmids and generated a recombinant plasmids, then sifted the positive recombinant plasmids out to amplify. The expression vector of PTPRO mRNA was obtained in vitro transcription by using T7 RNA polymerase. The results of transfection indicated that when PTPRO mRNA gamyed with deoxyribozyme which activity enhanced, so DRz-s were detected with more intensive specific catalytic cleavage activity than DRz by cells transfecting. And the asON wasn't detected with the property.
Study of Affinity Interaction of Paeonol and BSA by Vacancy Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Liu Hai Xing , Mi Xin Yan , Wu Jun , Yu Ai Min , Bai Li Fei
Published: September 2013

In this paper, paeonol was studied systemtically. At first, the affinity interaction of paeonol with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated through capillary electrophoresis approach. The association constant of paeonol and BSA was obtained by the vacancy affinity capillary electrophoresis method (VACE). The second, the contents of paeonol were determinede in liuweidihuang pill. In this paper, the new studied method and basic data were offered for further investigating the pharmacology and drug efficacy of paeonol. Meanwhile, the method described would be particularly useful in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines-liuweidihuang pill.
Research on Stability of Synthetic Folic Acid
Authors: Liang Xue Song , Zhao Feng Qing , Hao Li Xia
Published: September 2013

This paper is mainly to investigate the stability of synthetic folic acid under different conditions, including pH, temperature, light, and the presence of antioxidants. The results show that folic acid gives a good stability in the buffer of pH 8.05~10.40, whose reservation ratio can reach more than 93.1% in 72 h, while the preservation ratio of folic acid reduce to 23% in the buffer of pH1.95~6.40. Moreover, folic acid has a good stability in the buffer of pH 5.39~10.40, after water bath at 100°C for 2 h. Folic acid exhibits a good stability under the condition of weak illumination intensity. Increasing illumination intensity promotes a decrease in FA concentration. The combination of antioxidants Vitamin C (VC) and sodium citrate displays a significant effect on protecting folic acid from oxidation.
The Characteristics of p-Chlorophenol with Cu2+ Biodegradation by Fusarium Sp.
Authors: Wang Xiao Xiao , Wang Shi Bo , Pan Jun Ya , Shi Xiao Ping , Li Ji Wu
Published: September 2013

The stain ofFusariumsp. used in 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) degradation was isolated in our laboratory. The effects of pH, Cu2+concentration, carbon source on 4-CP degradation rate byFusariumsp. were investigated. The kinetic equation of 4-CP biodegradation was discussed. It was concluded thatFusariumsp. could grow with 4-CP as the sole carbon and energy source. 4-CP concentration of 50mg/L in the Cu2+concentration of 3mg/L could be degraded completely. The capacity of 4-CP degradation was effectively enhanced by the addiction of phenol. Phenol concentration of 200 mg/L in the pH 7 and the Cu2+concentration of 3 mg/L could be degraded completely. Cu2+at high concentration might reduce the biodegradation rate of 4-CP. The kinetic equation of 4-CP biodegradation could well accord with the zero order equation for 4-CP as the sole carbon source with Cu2+coexistence byFusariumsp..
Fermentation Condition of Penicillium purpurogenum HBZ003 from Mangrove for 1,4-β-D-cellobiohydrolase Activity
Authors: Wang Yi Duo , Li Cong Fa , Liu Si Xin
Published: September 2013

The cellulolytic enzymes from Penicillium genus showed well-balanced amounts of cellobiohydrolase, endo-cellulase and β-glycosidase. The Fermentation condition of Penicillium purpurogenum HBZ003 from Mangrove for 1,4-β-D-cellobiohydrolase activity was investigated. The optimum fermentation condition of Penicillium purpurogenum HBZ003 was as follows. The medium was composed of 1.6% bran, 0.4% CMC, 0.5% (NH4)2SO4, 0.4% KNO3, 0.6%NaCl, 0.03% CaCl2 and 0.05% Tween 60, and adjusted to initial pH 4.0, and inoculated with 10% seed and cultivated at 160 r/min and 30 °C for 5d. The 1,4-β-D-cellobiohydrolase activity reached 5.54 U with the ratio of 1,4-β-D-cellobiohydrolase, endo-cellulase and β-glycosidase activity being 1:3.26:5.09.
Effect of Antibiotics on the Exo-Polysaccharides and Triterpenoids Biosynthesis by the Submerged Culture of Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Zhang Jing , Gao Hong Xia , Li Li
Published: September 2013

Effects of antibiotics addition on the mycelia growth and production of exo-polysaccharides (EPS) and triterpenoids in the submerged culture of Ganoderma Lucidum were studied. It was proved that adding amphotericin and terbinafine in favor of improving the excreting of EPS and triterpenoids, especially amphotericin can obviously improve the production of EPS and triterpenoids of Ganoderma lucidum. The results showed that when a level of 10 μg/mL amphotericin was added after 72 h culture, the EPS and triterpenoids reached a maximum of 3.2 g/L and 1.5 g/L, that was 1.45-fold and 1.36-fold compared to that of control, and the biomass of Ganoderma lucidum reduced to 9.85 g/L, that was 88% compared to that of control.
Mechanism of Interactions between Whey Proteins and Extracellular Polysaccharides in the Acidification Process of Buffalo Milk Yogurt Gel
Authors: Li Hong , Liu Yan , Yang Tong Xiang , Li Quan Yang
Published: September 2013

Whey proteins-extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) interactions system was builded,regarding whey proteins from buffalo milk and EPS as the research objects.Circular dichroism and fluorescence spectrum were used to investigate the interactions on the whey proteins-EPS system in the acidification process of buffalo milk yogurt. The main conclusions were as following:Electrostatic repulsion between whey proteins and EPS resulted in the β-sheet of secondary structure of whey proteins improving with 0.1% EPS added at pH7.0. Electrostatic attraction was present between whey proteins and EPS at pH6.0 and a great quantity of soluble complexes was formed at pH5.0.
Effect of Bactericine as a Treatment for the Control of Listeria monocytogenes in Refrigerated Meat Products
Authors: Yu Li Juan , Liu Li , Zhang Hong Xing , Xie Yuan Hong , Liu Hui , Kong Bao Hua , Luo Yun Bo
Published: September 2013

The aim of this research was to investigate the inhibitory effect of bacteriocin for use as a biological control agent against Listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated meat products. And this bacteriocin was evaluated for their effectiveness as a preservative on pork. The bacteriocin-treated pork was compared with a control pork sample regarding the number of listeria colony count. After 10 days of storage at 4 °C, the population of Listeria monocytogenes was increased from 5.7×105 to 3.7×108 CFU/mL in control samples. In test samples, the population of Listeria monocytogenes underwent a slight increased from 5.7×103 to 6.0×105 CFU/mL. During 10 days of storage, the percentage of growth inhibition ranged from 82.6% to 99.8%, bacteriocin showed their inhibitory effect on Listeria monocytogenes. These results indicated that the studied bacteriocin exhibited bactericidal effect against Listeria monocytogenes strain at refrigerated temperatures, and bacteriocin could be used as antimicrobial agent to preserve the shelf life of refrigerated meat products.
Studies on the Action Mechanism for Cholesterol-Lowering of Lactobacillus which Yields Bile Salt Hydrolase from Kefir Grains
Authors: Liu Hui , Xie Yuan Hong , Han Tao , Zhang Hong Xing
Published: September 2013

Cholesterol-lowering strains were obtained by high throughput screening technology and ortho-phthalaldehyde method. We used oxford cup method to screen again to obtain strains of high yield bile salt hydrolase and illuminate action mechanism ofLactobacillusreducing cholesterol. Screened six strains had the ability of high yield bile salt hydrolase and good ferment ability. The results of identifying bacteria species: strain KTxKL1J1 wereLactobacillus casei, strain Tx wasStreptococcus thermophilus, strain KS4P1 wereLactococcus lactis subsp.lactis, where the last two bacteria were strain of high yield bile salt hydrolase to be few known in literature. This work showed that dissociation bile salts and cholesterol conjuncted sediments by bile salt hydrolase decomposing conjugated bile salts.
Mutation Breeding of Yeast Strains for Fig Fruit Wine
Authors: Zuo Yong , Liu Li Ping , Ju Shuai , Xie Hui , Jiang Peng , Wang Xiao Long
Published: September 2013

Yeast Z20 which screened from natural fermentation fig fruit wine as the original strain, through the 80s UV treatment and 25s microwave treatment, mutant strain UV-5 were selected. Its produced ethanol 13.6%, and it has fast fermentation speed, high wine production degree and the residual sugar quantity is little. After subculture 9 times, the results showed that the UV-5 strain has good genetic stability. Combined with the sensory evaluation results, the wine which fermentation by the strain UV-5 has high clarity, good flavor and good taste, so that the mutant strain UV-5 suitable for fermentation fig fruit wine as special yeast.
Effect of the Addition of Tomato Powder on the Color and Storage Quality of Red Sausage
Authors: Xu Wei Dong , Chen Qian , Ding Yi , Wang Song , Huang Li , Yang Ming
Published: September 2013

This study includes the investigation of the chemical properties such as pH value anda*-value, sensorial evaluations, residual nitrite and the oxidation level of Chinese-style sausagered sausage, which have been produced by both reducing the nitrite level ( 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 150mg/kg) and adding tomato powder ( 0%, 2% and 4%). According to the results, 100mg/kg of nitrite together with 2% tomato powder is better. Then the sausages produced with 100mg/kg nitrite and 2% tomato powder, along with sausage which produced with only 150mg/kg of nitrite are stored at 4 °C for 45 days. It was observed that addition of 2% of tomato powder increased degradation of nitrite and decreased the level of oxidation. This study provides a potential solution for nitrite substitute in meat products.
The Quality Change of Mushroom Agaricus bisporus Stored in the Modified Atmosphere Package with Silicon Gum Film as Window
Authors: Li Tie Hua , Zhu Jin Chun
Published: September 2013

In order to evaluate the quality change for stored Agaricus bisporus, mushrooms were stored in modified atmosphere packages with and without silicon gum film windows for 15 days. The results shown that the contents of total sugar, protein and protopectin of the Agaricus bisporus stored in packages with silicon gum film as windows decreased more slowly than that of Agaricus bisporus stored in packages without silicon gum film as windows, and the contents of crude fiber and water soluble pectin of the Agaricus bisporus stored in packages with silicon gum film had fewer increase. These indicated that the Agaricus bisporus stored in packages with silicon gum film as windows kept better taste, and had better quality.
Antioxidant Activity, Phenol and Flavonoid Contents of Fourteen Mulberry Varieties Leaves
Authors: Zhang Liang Liang , Wang Yong Mei , Xu Man , Wu Dong Mei , Chen Jia Hong , Yan Xin Pei
Published: September 2013

Water extracts of leaves from fourteen (14) mulberry varieties growing in China were investigated for their antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. DPPH scavenging activities ranged from 34.60% to 61.70%. Total phenolic content of mulberry leaf (based on the Folin-Ciocalteu method) varied from 14.00 to 43.67 mg gallic acid equivalent/g leaf, and flavonoid content (based on the colorimetric aluminum nitrate method) varied from 4.02 to 28.32 mg rutin equivalent/g leaf. There was a significant linear relationship between the total phenolic and/or flavonoid content and the antioxidant activity in mulberry leaf extracts.
Study on Identification Method of 'Pingli' Gynostemma with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Xiu Hua , Li Xiao Ting , Wang Jing , Li Rui Ying , Wu Guang Chen , Zhao Zhi Lei
Published: September 2013

In order to identify the authentic Pingli Gynostemma, a geographical indication products, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of Gynostemma came from eight different origins were collected by the Fourier near-infrared spectrometer. The spectroscopy was analyzed with Chemometrics method, and the spectroscopy was pretreated by the vector normalization condition. The range of spectra was 4800-10096 cm-1. The Calibration models of Gynostemma were established by the principal component analysis, qualification testing and cluster analysis, respectively, and each model was verified. The results show that the optimal model established by the principal component analysis, qualification testing and cluster analysis can effectively identify authentic Pingli Gynostemma, and accuracy rate was 100%. In conclusion, Pingli Gynostemma can be identified accurately and quickly by the near-infrared spectroscopy technique.
Microwave Drying Characteristics of Kidney Beans and the Effect of Different Microwave Powers on the Dried Quality of Kidney Beans
Authors: Wang Jin Shuang , Xiong Yong Sen
Published: September 2013

The experiments are designed to study influence of different loading mass and microwave power on drying kidney beans. A conclusion is obtained that all the two factors significantly affect dehydration and power consumption. When the power level increased, the dehydration rate increased while the drying energy consumption decreased. The same water loss will consume more energy when the moisture content is less than about 300 (w%,d.b.). The sensory quality of the dried samples decreased with increase first-stage of power and second-stage power when the power was more than 1.6kW/kg and 1.0kW/kg.
Measurement of Titratable Acidity in Gannan Navel Orange by near Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Liao Yu Bo , Huang Long Sheng , Yang Wen Xia , Liao Liang
Published: September 2013

To explore a rapid and non-destructive method for measuring titratable acidity in Gannan Navel Orange, near infrared spectroscopy combined with partial least square method was adopted for building a prediction model. Multiple statistical analysis results show that when the optimal spectral region (950-1330nm) was selected for modeling, the correlation coefficient of the validation set is 0.9085, and RMSECV is 0.0243g/100g. This technique using near infrared spectroscopy is rapid, convenient and nondestructive, and may potentially become a strong tool for the quality evaluation and fruit sorting of navel oranges.
Effect of Different Temperatures on the Quality of Dendrobium Officinale Storage
Authors: Cao Ding Ai , Liu Hai Jiao , Liu Hai Dong , Shao Chong Xiao , Li Xi Hong , Du Lin Xue
Published: September 2013

In this research, Dendrobium officinale was studied at different storage temperatures for water loss, soluble solids, titratable acids, membrane permeability, malonaldehyde (MDA) changes. Results showed that weight loss rate was positively associated with storage temperature, the higher of storage temperature, the weight loss more severe and the quality of dendrobium stem was lower. Dendrobium’s titratable acid content, soluble solids content changed slowly than 10°C, 20°Cwhen it was stored in 0°C temperature but their content were higher than 10°C, 20°C samples . Storage temperature is positively correlated with the change of membrane permeability and malonaldehyde (MDA) as the extension of storage time, high temperature will damage the membrane permeability of Dendrobium and at the same time the production of membrane lipid peroxidation caused.
Preparation and Antioxidant Properties of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Protein Hydrolysates-Copper Complex
Authors: Hu Xiao , Li Lai Hao , Wu Yan Yan , Yang Xian Qing , Lin Wan Ling , Chen Sheng Jun , Hao Shu Xian , Ma Sai Rui
Published: September 2013

Tilapia protein hydrolysates (TPH) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of tilapia meat using papain, and then the TPH binded with copper at various mass ratios of TPH to CuCl2 (5:1, 10:1 and 20:1) to obtain complex I, complex II and complex III, respectively. The copper-binding rate, antioxidant properties, and FTIR spectrum of the complex were investigated. It was found that the copper-binding rate increased with the increase of mass ratios (TPH/CuCl2) from 5:1 to 20:1. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity of TPH were higher than that of the complexes. However, the lipid peroxidation inhibition activity was improved after TPH binded with copper. It was also found that the antioxidant activities of complex III were highest in the complexes. FTIR spectra demonstrated that some sites such as amino nitrogen atoms in TPH could bind with copper to form the complex.
Comparative Analysis of Free Amino Acids in Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Penaeus vannamei and Macrobrachium nipponensis
Authors: Zhang Yi Hua , Chen Shun Sheng , Qiu Wei Qiang , Cheng Shou Kun
Published: September 2013

The contents of free amino acids(FAAs) in Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Penaeus vannamei and Macrobrachium nipponensis was analyzed by using the automatic amino acid analyzer in this study. The results show that the sequence from the highest to the lowest in total amount of FAAs is Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Penaeus vannamei and Macrobrachium nipponensis. SPSS(19.0) results indicate that except for Cys, Lys and Thr, FAAs in these three shrimps are significant different (p<0.05), and all of them have a high concentration of Arg, Gly and Pro and a low concentration of Asp and Cys. The content of Gly in shrimp is higher than that of crab and oyster. Both Arg and Gly significantly contribute to the taste of the three shrimps, Glu and Pro play an important role in the flavor of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii and Penaeus vannamei, while not as significant as in the taste of Macrobrachium nipponensis. Composition modes of FAAs which make major contributions to flavor in marine shrimps, Parapenaeopsis hardwickii and Penaeus vannamei, are similar, but different from freshwater shrimp, Macrobrachium nipponensis.
A Countermeasure Model about Food Safety Regulatory
Authors: Cao Li Xia , Chai Wei Wen
Published: September 2013

By studying the status of the food safety regulatory, this paper points out the drawbacks of existing researches, that is, lack of operability; Relying on the equilibrium theory of game theory, this paper establishes a practical and effective regulatory game model, gives the models mixed strategy Nash equilibrium solution and a food safety regulatory strategy. Finally, to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the model, an illustrative example is shown.
Particle Coating of Talc with TiO2: Synthesis, Characterization and Photo Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Lou Ji Pan , Xue Guo Xin , Li Shi Zhen , Wang Juan
Published: September 2013

Talc was used as support for synthesis of TiO2-based photocatalyst with varying TiO2loading. A simple sol-gel method was used to impregnate titanium sol into the interlayers of talc with high speed stirring, followed by calcination at different temperature. The XRD analysis and SEM observation indicated that the anatase phases of TiO2were synthesized and individually distributed on the surface of the talc particles. FTIR were used to investigate the molecular group of TiO2/talc. The wettability of talc was improved by TiO2particle coating. The efficiency of the TiO2-talc composites to remove methylene blue from its aqueous solution was evaluated under UV irradiation. Different sintering temperature influenced the catalytic activity, TiO2-talc composites enhanced dye degradation in contrast with physical adsorption of Talc or photo-catalytic of pure TiO2.
The Effect of Beef Flavor on the Fat Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Ouyang Jing Jing , Wang Yu Qiang , Tang Wen , Zhou Xiao Li , Zhou Yi Ming , Ji Hong Bin , Xu Ying Yan
Published: September 2013

The beef flavor was selected to carry out toxicological analysis regarding food intake, body weight, organs weight and blood biochemical indexes in mice. The results show that beef flavor could suppress food intake but promote mice weight compared with the control group. Flavor intake has significant effect on the ratio of liver and lung weight to the whole body weight, but it has no difference in the ratio of heart, spleen and kidney weight. Some biochemical indexes about fat metabolism in blood such as the total protein, total bile acid and alkaline phosphatase are respectively 4 g/L, 0.7μmol/L and 23 IU/L more than the control group. These factors and cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the mice blood all have extremely significant differences (P<0.01) in different conditions. The results suggest that the beef flavor has significant impact on fat metabolism in mice.
Effects of Tea Polyphenols, Lysozyme and Chitosan on Improving Preservation Quality of Pomfret Fillet
Authors: Shi Jian Bing , Xie Jing , Gao Zhi Li , Li Liu , Xiong Qing , He Rong
Published: September 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different concentrations of tea polyphenols (A1: 0.1%(w/v), A2: 0.5%, A3: 1%), lysozyme (B1: 0.01%, B2: 0.05%, B3: 0.08%) and chitosan (C1: 0.5%, C2: 1%, C3: 2%, C4: 3%) on the quality of pomfret during the storage in order to improve the quality of pomfret fresh preservation. The sensory evaluation, aerobic plate count (APC), trimethylamine (TMA), total volatile basis nitrogen (TVB-N),Kvalue and pH value with different treatments were determined. The results showed that the shelf-life of the control group was 4 days under the cold storage, and the effect of fresh preservation was better with the increasing of the concentration of tea polyphenols, especially the APC could be significantly lower under the treatment groups of A2 and A3 than that under the control group from the 2nd day (P<0.05), the shelf-life was increased by 2 to 3 days. The treatments of B1 and B2 could restrain the increasing of gram-positive bacteria and reduced the contain of TVB-N, TMA-N andKvalue significantly (P<0.05), the shelf-life was increased by 1 to 2 days. The preservation effect of the treatment of C3 was better than those of control group and other groups with chitosan. The APC, TMA-N, TVB-N andKvalue could be significantly lower than those of the control group from the 2nd day, so the shelf-life was increased by 3 days. All of tea polyphenols and chitosan could improve the quality of aquaculture and prolong the shelf-life of pomfret by restraining the increasing of APC and the enzyme activity. The results will offer theory reference to the preservation of pomfrets and the application of bio-preservative.
Optimization of Nitrite Reductase Production Conditions in Lactobacillus plantarum from Salted Fish
Authors: Wang Ya Nan , Wu Yan Yan , Yang Xian Qing , Li Lai Hao , Qi Bo
Published: September 2013

The conditions for nitrite reductase (NiRs) produced by Lactobacillus plantarum from salted fish were optimized. Enzyme activity of nitrite reductase was used as evaluation index. The results showed that the pH value had greatest influence on enzyme activity. The optimum conditions of producing nitrite reductase were inoculate quantity 4 %, pH 6.3, culture temperature 35 °C, incubation time 48 h. The enzyme activity of nitrite reductase reached to 89.672 U/mL, which increased by 71 % after optimization. This work provided the foundation for the research of enzymatic properties of nitrite reductase. This may be useful to the production of salted fish products.
SPME-GC/MS Analysis of Volatile Components from Air-Dried Sausage during Processing
Authors: Song Yong , Qiao Na , Li Chong Wei , Wen Ting Ting , Liu Fang Yu
Published: September 2013

Air-dried sausage (ADS) is a kind of Chinese traditional spontaneous fermented sausages, and is popular to consumers. In order to investigate the changes of volatile components from ADS during processing, solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) was employed to extract volatiles from samples of different processing stages. And then, volatile compounds were separated and identified by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In this work, 19, 25 and 29 kinds of volatile compounds were identified from samples periodically taken at 0 d, 2 d and 7 d. 32 volatile compounds were identified in total during the entire process. The main volatile compounds during the processing of ADS were ethyl alcohol, hexanal, D-limonene, 2-pentanone and hexanoic acid ethyl ester. Branched-chain aldehydes: 3-methylbutanal and 2-methylbutanal were also detected and identified. The formation of these volatile compounds may be attributed to the added alcohol, spices, fat oxidation, amino acid metabolism, microbial activity and the interaction between these factors.
Degradation of Organophosphorus Pesticide in a Packed-Bed Plasma Reactor: Effects of Operating Parameters and Kinetics Study
Authors: Ma Ting Jun , Xu Yi Qing
Published: September 2013

The degradation effectiveness and reaction kinetics of representative organophosphorus (OP) pesticide in a packed-bed plasma reactor have been studied. Important parameters, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, gas-flow rate, initial concentration, diameter of catalyst particles, and thickness of catalyst bed which influences the removal efficiency, were investigated. Experimental results indicated that rogor removal efficiency as high as 80% can be achieved at 35 kV with the gas flow rate of 800 mL/min and initial concentration of 11.2 mg/m3.The removal efficiency increased with the increase of pulsed high voltage, and pulse frequency, the decrease of the diameter of catalyst particles and the thickness of catalyst bed. Finally, a model was established to predict the degradation of the rogor, which generally can simulate the experimental measurements to some degree.
Antimicrobial Activity of Myrica rubra Essential Oil against Five Pathogenic Food-Borne Bacteria
Authors: Zhong Rui Min , Xiao Zi Jun , Zhang Zhen Ming
Published: September 2013

Essential oil form Myrica rubra root was investigated for their chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities against foodbone pathogens. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for the compound identification was used. Antimicrobial activities for the essential oil against 5 food borne pathogens were carried out by disc diffusion, microdilution agar plate and bioautography methods. Principal components of the essential oil were 5-hydroxycalamenene (74.66 %) and phytol (7.74%). This essential oil was particularly effective against Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes with minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) 0.004% and 0.03%(v/v), respectively. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activities of the root oil apparently were mainly correlated with its 5-hydroxycalamenene content. Given that this product has high antimicrobial activity, it might have food preservative potentials.
Effects of Different Media on the Characteristics of Ginkgo Starch Gelatinization
Authors: Yang Qiang , Wang Lin , Zhang Chun Hong , Li Xin Hua
Published: September 2013

The infections of different media such as concentration, salt, sucrose, citric acid, shearing force on the starch gelatinization characteristics of Ginkgo nut was studied through Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) SuperIII. The results showed that the best speed for the determination of starch paste viscosity curves was160 r/min; along with the increased in the concentration of starch milk, starch paste viscosity increased and thermal stability declined; salt and citric acid could reduce the starch paste viscosity and enhance the anti-aging capability and sucrose could also improve viscosity and prolong the gelatinization time. The result on the Gingko nut deep processing of starchy foods has great significance.
Analysis of Rice Bran Oil Adulterated with other Edible Oils by GC
Authors: Li Hong Xia , Zhi Min , Lu Xin , Zhang Jun Jie , Li Mei Ting
Published: September 2013

Since rice bran oil (RBO) is well-known by consumer and more expensive than other oils, some RBO is adulterated with other cheap oils, such as cottonseed oil (CO), palm oil (PO), sunflower oil (SFO) and soybean oil (SO). The types and content of FAs in RBO changes great after adulterated, this will seriously affect the quality of the rice and the people health. In this study, GC was used to detect the change of fatty acids (FAs) after adulterated with those inferior oils. The analysis will provide a reference for the RBO adulteration problem.
Identification and Primary Application of Two High-Yield Glucoamylase Moulds from Luzhou-Flavor Daqu
Authors: Ye Guang Bin , Hong Ming Hong , Huang Dan , Yang Xiao Dong
Published: September 2013

Six moulds were isolated from Luzhou-flavor Daqu through traditional microorganism isolation method. Among them, two strains njsys-3 and njsys-6 have shown higher glucoamylase activity, their enzyme activity were 1842 U/g and 2349U/g separately. Molecular biological identification results shown that strain njsys-3 was Aspergillus clavatus and strain njsys-6 was Aspergillus niger. Daqu-making test showed that once the inoculating amount of seeding broth of njsys-3 attached to 6 ‰, the glucoamylase activity of Daqu can increase 26.9%; when the inoculating amount of seeding broth of njsys-6 attached to 6 ‰, the activity of glucoamylase of Daqu can increase 34.1% and the fragrance of Daqu can increase.
Metabolic Control of Higher Alcohols Producing by Saccharomyces cerevisia in Mulberry Wine Brewing
Authors: Luo Hui Bo , Wang Yi , Wang Cai Hong , Yang Xiao Dong , Li Dan Yu
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the problem that higher alcohols has too high level in mulberry wine, the factors which have impact on the production of higher alcohols during alcoholic fermentation in mulberry wine was studied, including pH, fermentation temperature, inoculation, SO2, the amount of nitrogen. The results showed that: higher alcohols formation was significantly reduced when increase inoculation or lower the pH and fermentation temperature. Added nitrogen lead to the increasing formation of higher alcohols. With the increased levels of SO2, higher alcohols formation increased in a certain range. The higher alcohols formation was inhibited when the SO2content up to 200.00mg/L.
Optimized Extraction Technology for Chlorogenic Acid from Sweet Potato Leaf by CCD/RSM
Authors: Yang Kai Li , Jiang Li Qin , Su Mei Jun
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study was to optimized extraction chlorogenic acid from sweet potato leave by central composite design/response surface method (CCD/RSM). The effects of ethanol concentration, ratio of solid to liquid, and extraction time on the yield of chlorogenic acid were evaluated, and the yield of chlorogenic acid under analysis optimum condition was also forecasted. The optimized extraction conditions were as follows: extraction with a 20 fold volume of 70% aqueous ethanol solution for 2h. Under these conditions the theoretical yield of chlorogenic acid was 15.95 mg/g, and the measured value was 15.89 mg/g. This method is scientific, reasonable and feasible. It also laid a foundation for research and application of chlorogenic acid in sweet potato leaves.
A New Method for Producing Seedless Watermelon Seedlings
Authors: Shi Xian Feng , Zeng Hong Xia , Li Ai Cheng , Zhang Na , Tang Mi , Sun Yu Hong
Published: September 2013

A new method for producing seedless watermelon seedlings was studied in this paper. Grafting branches breeding (GBB) and grafting seedling breeding (GSB) of seedless watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai) cultivar Mi Tong was grafted onto No.1 of E-zhen, commercial hybrids. Seed breeding (SB) self-plants were used as control. The effect of different methods on watermelon fruit yield and quality was tested. The results showed that fruit yield was positively influenced by GBB when compared with the control. Detrimental effects were not determinated on fruit qualities such as fruit index, fruit weight and sugars on grafted plants. Moreover, GBB reduced the cost of producing seedless watermelon seedlings. Therefore, the grafting technique of using branches for scion was feasible, simple and efficient in the progress of seedless watermelon development.
Preparation, Properties of Partially Hydrolized Guar Gum
Authors: Sun Min , Tang Hong Bo , Dong Si Qing , Li Yan Ping
Published: September 2013

Guar gum is a highly viscous water soluble heteropolysaccharide obtained from guar seed endosperm portion. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is low in viscosity and has the healthy benefits as the dietary fiber. In this study, the effect of amount of acidolysis agent, ethanol content, acidolysis temperature and time on the acidolysis degree of guar gum was investigated by using the solvent method. The thermal properties were characterized by the idifferential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. It was showed that the better conditions for preparing PHGG were: acidolysis temperature 40°C, acidolysis time 4h, ethanol mass concentration 61%, respectively. The freeze-thaw stability, expansion capability decreased after guar gum was partially hydrolized by hydrochloric acid. The onset temperature, end temperature and peak temperature of PHGG all increased, but its melting enthalpy and thermal stability were reduced, compared with those of guar gum.
Study on Solvent Extraction of Citric Acid from Fermentation Broth
Authors: Ju Hui , Wei Qi Feng , Ren Xiu Lian , Chen Yong Xing , Dong Hui Shuan
Published: September 2013

Extraction of citric acid from aqueous solutions with tertiary amine, dissolved in mixtures of kerosene and phase modifier have been studied as a function of exaction yield at different phase modifier volume fraction, temperatures, stirring speed and exaction time. The optimal experimental conditions of extraction were obtained: reaction temperature 303K, reaction time 3 min, the kerosene volume fraction 20%, and 45% 1−octanol as phase modifier, stirring speed 450rpm/min. Under these conditions, the extraction yield could reach 75%. The complex of citric acid and tertiary amine was a surfactant that makes surface tension decrease. The composition of the citric acid complex is (R3N) · (H3A). The formation of complex was exothermic reaction that the standard enthalpy change and standard entropy change are obtained: ΔHθ=-10.17kJ/mol, ΔSθ=-11.86J/(mol·K).
Study on Thermal Regeneration for Caffeine-Saturated Activated Carbon
Authors: Zhu Zhao You , Wang Li Li , Wang Wan Ling , Wang Ying Long
Published: September 2013

Waste activated carbon (AC) containing caffeine was produced during the process of the production for caffeine. The process of treatment caffeine-saturated AC using thermal regeneration was explored and factors on the regeneration of activated carbon were investigated. The optimum conditions obtained were: temperature is 650 °C, the regeneration time is 180 min, the carrier gas velocity is 0.002 m/s, carbon layer thickness is 0.1 m. Under these conditions, activated carbon regeneration efficiency reached 90.3%. In addition, the pore structure of activated carbon before and after regeneration was characterized and the activated carbon surface area and pore size distribution under optimum conditions were determined by the adsorption isotherms.
Amino Acids Preparation from Hydrolysis of Corn Residue in Sub-Critical Water
Authors: Xing Lu Yao , Chen Jin Yang , Li Zhi Lian , Chen Lei , Chen Cheng Sheng
Published: September 2013

Hydrolysis of corn residue, one of major by-products after the extraction of starch, in sub-critical water to produce amino acids was conducted in this paper. The quality and quantity analysis of amino acids in hydrolysate were carried out by Amino Acid Analyzer (Biological Liquid Chromatography), and the main amino acid of arginine were obtained. The effects of Solid-water ratio, reaction temperature and time on the yield of the arginine were investigated. It was found that the optimum hydrolysis conditions for arginine preparation from the corn residue in sub-critical water are as follows: solid-water ratio 0.05, reaction temperature 473K and reaction time 1h, and the yield of arginine 10.23%. The results show that the sub-critical water hydrolysis process has the advantages of high efficiency, simple process and friendly to environment.