bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Village Funds, Village Development Quality, and SDGs Achievement on Poverty in Sampang Regency
Authors: Awalia Mellysa Nur , Sutikno Sutikno
Published: September 2024

The paradigm in solving poverty and development problems has always been a crucial discussion among researchers and academics. Poverty is synonymous with lack of income, lack of access to health, low education, and low infrastructure. This is considered a problem in hindering economic growth.  This study aims to determine the influence of village funds, the quality of village development, and the achievement of SDGs (quality village education and prosperous healthy villages) on poverty. The research method used is a quantitative method and the type of data used is secondary data taken from the website of BPS Sampang Regency and the Ministry of PDT and Transmigration using cross section data in 2022. The collected data was analyzed using multiple linear regression with variables such as village funds, the building village index (IDM), village education quality, prosperous healthy villages, and poverty. The results of the study found that village funds, the building village index (IDM), and healthy prosperous villages had a significant effect on poverty in Sampang Regency. Meanwhile, quality village education does not have a significant effect on poverty in Sampang Regency.
Model of Determining Business Performance of Women's MSMEs in Medan City
Authors: Astuti Rini , Tanjung Hasrudy
Published: September 2024

The performance of a female entrepreneur is measured by several factors. The intelligence factor which is a combination of several intelligences including intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence is the right combination of intelligence and really helps women's entrepreneurial behavior in running their business. Businesswomen need the right combination of intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and good spiritual intelligence to be able to build their motivation and commitment to become entrepreneurs which will have a better impact on their performance as businesspeople, so this research aims to determine the role of entrepreneurs. intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence on the performance of women entrepreneurs as MSMEs in the city of Medan. This research aims to test and determine the intelligence factors that influence the performance of women in the city of Medan. The population in this study were all female MSME actors in Medan City and the sample size of the researchers took data from a sample of at least 100 MSMEs. The data analysis method uses Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to detect antecedent variables using the structural equality model SEM (Structural Equation Model). The research results show that intellectual intelligence and spiritual intelligence have an influence, while emotional intelligence has no effect on women's performance in MSMEs.
Entrepreneurial Behaviour in Choosing Capital Alternatives in MSMEs and Investment Trends in Indonesia
Authors: Fathurrahman Muhammad Iqbal , Fajri Annisa , Purwanto Edy
Published: September 2024

This study explores entrepreneurial behaviors that influence the decisions of SME owners in choosing financing alternatives and investment trends in Indonesia. Through quantitative study using questionnaire, this aiming to provide insights into the factors influencing the selection of financing sources and investment tendencies among SMEs. The findings reveal that entrepreneurial behaviors such as risk tolerance, financial knowledge, long-term vision, and adaptability significantly influence the decisions of SME owners in selecting funding sources. Additionally, investment trends in Indonesia also play a crucial role, with SMEs tending to choose financing alternatives that align with their business growth needs. This research contributes significantly to understanding how entrepreneurial behaviors interact with external factors such as investment trends in the context of SMEs in Indonesia. The practical implication highlighting importance of a better understanding of the dynamics of financing decisions among SMEs and how governments and relevant institutions can support SME growth through a better understanding of financial needs and preferences to a small—medium sized business owners. The condition where workers shift from agriculture to industry often occurs with the advent of industrialization.
КОЗАЦЬКА ВІЙСЬКОВА НАЦІЛЕНІСТЬ І ПОБРАТИМСТВО ДЛЯ ЗМІЦНЕННЯ БОЄЗДАТНОСТІ 20-го ОКРЕМОГО БАТАЛЬЙОНУ СПЕЦПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ «УКРАЇНА»
Authors: Задунайський Вадим Васильович
Published: September 2024

У статті підтверджена важливість спадщини українських козаків, зокрема щодо бойового побратимства та військової націленості, для зміцнення боєздатності ЗСУ. Автор розглянув застосування подібних надбань під час революції 1917 – 1921 рр. у формуваннях П. Скоропадського і Н. Махна, що підтвердило їх військово-прикладну актуальність. Проаналізовано використання згаданих військово-козаць­ких досягнень для підсилення морально-бойових якостей воїнів 20-го Окремого батальйону спецпризначення «Україна» Окремої президентської бригади ім. гетьмана Б. Хмельницького Сухопутних військ Збройних Сил України. Такий експеримент з жовтня 2022 р. ініціювали координатор наукової експертної групи «Козацький фактор у російсько-українській війні» та командування батальйону. Періодичні заняття підсилили бойовий дух воїнів і це зміцнило боєздатність батальйону. Результати експерименту висвітлено і проаналізовано на наукових форумах та у вітчизняних ЗМІ.
КОЛЕКЦІЯ ОЗБРОЄННЯ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ І ТИСЯЧОЛІТТЯ Н.Е. У ЛЬВІВСЬКОМУ ІСТОРИЧНОМУ МУЗЕЇ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА АТРИБУЦІЇ
Authors: Терський Святослав Володимирович
Published: September 2024

Львівський історичний музей – провідна і найбагатша музейна установа Заходу України і водночас, найбільше сховище археологічних знахідок, здобутих багатьма поколіннями дослідників на території цього регіону. Клинкова зброя в комплексах озброєння першої половини І тисячоліття н.е. відображає важливий етап у процесі формування ранніх дружинних спільнот Центрально-Східної Європи. Процес накопичення цієї категорії військово-історичних пам’яток розпо­чався на рубежі ХІX/ХX ст. Основні колекції озброєння походили із розкопок поховань дружинників І–ІІІ ст. н.е., проведених львівським археологом, профе­сором університету Каролем Гадачеком у місцевості Гать на околиці давнього українського міста Переворськ. У 1930 р. розкопками у Гриневі коло Львова до виявлення та дослідження дружинних поховань долучився ще один співро­бітник університету Маркіян Смішко. Він і окреслив хронологію та походження власників цієї зброї. Здобуті протягом ХІX–початку ХX ст. археологічні колекції 1940 р. були передані до новоствореного Львівського історичного музею. Наступним етапом поповнення збірки озброєння були розкопки Ігоря Свєшнікова у Звенигороді, де вдалося розкопати ще чотири дружинних поховання. Згодом було поповнення колекції окремими випадковими знахідками. Випадкове виявлення 2012 р. в руслі річки Західний Буг клинка V ст. дозволило правильно атрибутувати подібну знахідку із Вигаданки, яка потрапила у музейну збірку 1940 р. з колекції Музею Наукового товариства імені Шевченка. У статті на основі архівної та облікової документації історичного музею, а також сучасних досліджень аналізується процес накопичення та атрибуція важливих пам’яток озброєння раннього етапу формування давньоукраїнського війська.
ОСНОВНІ ДОСЯГНЕННЯ ЛИТПОЛУКРБРИГ У ПРОЦЕСІ РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНСЬКО-ПОЛЬСЬКО-ЛИТОВСЬКИХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ВІДНОСИН
Authors: Фуртес Олексій Олександрович
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто історичний шлях формування Литовсько-Польсько-Україн­ської бригади, її функціонування до і після повномасштабного вторгнення рашистскої росії в Україну та запропоновано можливі перспективи розвитку бригади. Показано основні досягнення Литполукрбригу в умовах розвитку українсько-польсько-литовських військових відносин. Розкрито суть міжнародних військових навчань, у яких брала участь ЛитПолУкрбриг, зокрема, висвітлено значення військових навчань «Three Swords-2021», де вперше в історії ЛитПолУкрбриг були залучені афілійовані підрозділи трьох країн задля покращення згуртованості та взаєморозуміння між підрозділами бригади. Надано зміст підготовки ЛитПолукрБриг в умовах повно­масштабної російсько-української війни. Зроблено висновок, що ЛитПолУкрбриг стала тією силою, з якою треба рахуватись та використовувати її потенціал.
British Ambitions in International Postwar Cultural Reconstruction: The European Inheritance (1954)
Authors: Kessel Tamara van
Published: September 2024

During the Second World War, the rebuilding of Europe was envisioned not only in terms of bricks and mortar, but also books. Between November 1942 and December 1945, the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education repeatedly met in London to discuss the role of culture and education in postwar reconstruction. One of the projects it led to was The European Inheritance (1954), a multi-authored publication that was meant to communicate as impartially as possible the history of Europe and its influence on the world. The CAME meetings have so far rarely been studied and are usually perceived as having laid the groundwork for the creation of the far more influential United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (November 1945). This paper instead argues that CAME and the activities that ensued from it deserve to be studied in their own right. The European Inheritance, in particular, provides a prism through which to analyse the slow transition from the ‘imperial internationalism’ of the early twentieth century to a burgeoning postcolonial world order, alongside which new forms of European intergovernmental cooperation emerged. Furthermore, the vicissitudes of this history book provide insights into the cultural ambitions and the international position Britain was seeking for itself during and shortly after the Second World War. As chairman of the commission in charge of this project, the classicist and political theorist Ernest Barker reveals the moral, intellectual and pragmatic motivations and negotiations that steered the production of this book through the push and pull of national and internationalist interests.
Clinical Case Report of CAR-T Therapy of Patient with Refractory Burkitt's Lymphoma
Authors: Doroshenko Tatiana Mikhailovna , Kalenik Olga Alexandrovna , Seviaryn Ihar Mikhalaevich , Zharkova Kataryna Yureuna , Davydov Denis Alexandrovich , Portyanko Anna Sergeevna , Sukalinskaya Alena Vladimirovna , Polyakov Sergey Lvovich , Konoplya Natalia Eugenevna
Published: September 2024

Approximately 20% of adult patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) have relapsed/refractory disease, which is characterized by poor overall survival (OS) and virtually no therapeutic options after failure of two lines of chemotherapy, due in part to the peculiarities of tumor cell biology. Improved treatment strategies are an unmet need for these patients. There have been individual attempts to use chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy in this patient population using anti-CD19, CD20, and CD22 cells. In our study, a 42-year-old patient with Burkitt's lymphoma received CAR-T cell therapy after failure of previous treatment, with a complete response at one month (as measured by positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan) and no significant adverse events. However, five months later, the patient experienced a rapid CD19+ relapse and died of disease progression while attempting to repeat CAR-T therapy. We believe that real therapeutic success for this group of patients is possible in the case of CAR-T therapy with a complete response followed by consolidation with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Further studies are needed to obtain statistically significant data.
“I & it,” “I & thou” and Zuihitsu : A Dialectical Performance from the Artist’s Mind.
Authors: Flanagan Jackie
Published: September 2024

This essay is based on a a ten-minute video montage, exploring creative dialectical methods to address climate change. It is inspired by Robert Smithson and Martin Buber. The video is a site-specific performance, based in Ireland and has universal application. The dialectical methodology uses Buber's "I and Thou" and "I and it" to promote ecological coexistence by questioning traditional ecological aesthetics. The video advocates for rewilding and moving beyond the picturesque to embrace beauty and sublime in nature. It shows that the loss of the old burial ground (on the sea edge) to climate change must be embraced. Research reveals that the emotional loss is not so great as the burial ground in a state of rubble also has agency.
Stitching the Wounds, African American Grief, Trauma, and Theoretical Approaches to Recovery
Authors: Williams-Tillery Paulette
Published: September 2024

This commentary advocates for integrating specific theories in understanding the grief process of African Americans, emphasizing the importance of trained therapists and clinicians. By incorporating cultural and historical trauma theories, mental health counselors can better address the unique experiences of African Americans in grief. Future discussion should focus on enhancing traditional interventions by deepening understanding of the needs of grieving African Americans. Despite existing research on the impact of culture and historical trauma on grief experiences, further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of treatment approaches.
Evaluation of Nutrition, Pressure Ulcer and Fall Risk Status and Related Factors in Individuals Receiving Home Health Care Services
Authors: Gökseven Arda Yağmur , Zeren Ozturk Guzın , Aksu Saliha Büşra
Published: September 2024

Objective: In this study, the aim is to evaluate the factors associated with nutrition, pressure ulcers, and fall risks in individuals receiving home health care.
Methods: A retrospective study was designed by examining the files of the patients registered in the Home Health Care. Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form, Modified Norton Scale and Itaki Fall Risk Scale scores were recorded.
Results: The study included 334 patients. 197 (59%) of them were female and the mean age was 74.15±16.12 (min: 18, max: 101). The most common chronic diseases was hypertension (HT) (n=167, 50%), whereas the two most common comorbidities were DM and HT (n=77,23.1%). Patients receiving home health care were found to be at risk for malnutrition, pressure ulcers and falls. Being semi-bedridden and wheelchair bound were found to be predictors for the risk of developing pressure ulcers according to regression analysis results. Also it was
identified that the age and dependency levels of the patients receiving home health care explained 12% of the falling behaviours of the older people.
Conclusion: Necessary warnings should be given at every visit, so that receiving home health care should not be neglected in terms of risks and preventive measures should be taken for this patient group.
Exemplification and stigmatization: How news stories affect stigma-related attitudes, emotional reactions, and behavioral intentions towards students with a disability
Authors: Hastall Matthias R. , Röhm Alexander , Kotarski Claudia , Meißner Sina , Ritterfeld Ute
Published: September 2024

Students with intellectual or physical disabilities still face public and institutional stigmatization. The current study examines how different news portrayals of college students with a disability affect readers' stigma-related attitudes and behavioral intentions. A 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 full-factorial experiment was conducted, in which N = 767 respondents were presented a news article about a student with a disability. The article was manipulated regarding exemplar's type of disability, gender, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. All four tested exemplar characteristics and respondents' gender affected several dimensions of stigmatization, albeit often as interaction effects. Overall, findings indicate that story-unrelated characteristics of portrayed individuals affect readers' generalized stigma-relevant attitudes, emotional reactions, and behavioral intentions. Results are discussed regarding the likelihood for accidental stigmatization through journalistic exemplar choices, and regarding implications for a stigma-sensitive health communication and anti-stigma communication practice.
Single nucleotide polymorphism rs854560 in paraoxonase-1 regulates the cytodifferentiation of human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Masumoto Risa , Fujihara Chiharu , Matsumoto Masahiro , Kitagaki Jirouta , Murakami Shinya
Published: September 2024

Aggressive periodontitis (AgP), classified as Stages III or IV and grade C periodontitis, is characterized by the rapid destruction of periodontal tissue. Genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease, and familial aggregation of periodontitis is often observed. However, the mechanisms underlying the onset or progression of AgP have not been elucidated. Previously, we performed exome sequencing and identified AgP risk factors in Japanese AgP-patients. However, the small sample size limited our scope for detecting some of the true AgP genetic risk factors. To overcome this limitation, we searched for AgP-related genes more comprehensively from the whole exome sequencing data of the Japanese AgP-patients by extending the filtering criteria range. We identified seven AgP-associated suggestive genes, including the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs854560 in paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), which is correlated with AgP. However, the mechanism(s) underlying the induction of AgP pathogenesis by the SNP rs854560 PON-1 has not been elucidated. Thus, we further analyzed the functions of the SNP rs854560 PON-1 in human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells through transfection of the wild-type PON-1 (WT) or SNP rs854560 PON-1 (mut) into HPDL cells. Real-time PCR indicated that mut had higher mRNA expression of osteogenic related-genes and showed a higher tendency of ALP activity and proliferation. The result suggested that WT PON-1 contributes to periodontal tissue homeostasis through appropriate proliferation and cytodifferentiation of HPDL cells, while SNP rs854560 PON-1 may mediate excessive calcification of periodontal tissue due to hyper proliferation of HPDL cells, thereby increasing the risk of AgP.
Poroelastic effects associated with earthquakes on overpressured reverse and normal faults
Authors: Marguin Valentin , Simpson Guy
Published: September 2024

Earthquakes in fluid-saturated rocks induce sudden changes in pore-pressures that can lead to appreciable postseismic deformation. However, earthquakes can also release fluids from overpressured parts of the crust, which can also contribute to additional postseismic effects. In this study, we use two-dimensional poroelastic models to investigate postseismic deformation and fluid pressures following ruptures on overpressured dip-slip faults that slide according to rate- and state-dependent friction. We show that when the crust prior to rupture has pore pressures in hydrostatic equilibrium, then ruptures induce fluid pressure anomalies according to the field of coseismic elastic volumetric strain. These pore pressure anomalies relax with time to produce characteristic postseismic deformation that depends on the slip magnitude and fault style, as typically observed. However, very different results are obtained if the crust is appreciably overpressured at the time an earthquake is nucleated. In this case, the poroelastic response is overwhelmingly dominated by drainage and fluid pressure drop within the overpressured crust, which is facilitated by an increase in permeability on the fault during rupture. This results in transient postseismic subsidence that occurs irrespective of the faulting style, fault geometry, slip magnitude or details of the coseismic strain field. The time scale and magnitude of this postseismic subsidence are controlled by the magnitude of the fluid overpressure prior to rupture, the maximum coseismic permeability and how rapidly the fault permeability recovers following an earthquake. The poroelastic effects associated with rupturing of overpressured faults may be at least an order of magnitude greater that the classic poroelastic response (i.e., relaxation of pore pressures generated by coseismic elastic volumetric strain). Overall, our results highlight the potentially dramatic effect that the breaching of deep overpressured fluid reservoirs can have on fluid pressures and surface displacements following earthquakes.
Influence of different application rates of FGD gypsum and aeolian sand on CO2 and N2O emissions from cotton-capsicum saline-alkali soil
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Luo Fan , Guan Yao , He Xinghong , Wang Jian , Fan Debao , Gao Rui
Published: September 2024

As two important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, CO2 and N2O have been paid much attention to their environmental effects. As a large agricultural and population country in the world, agricultural soil is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, unreasonable agricultural measures will make the soil structure deteriorate and lead to the increase of saline-alkali cultivated land area. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land has practical significance for agricultural production and ecological environment safety in our country. In this study, the 11th Regiment of Alar City of the First Division of Xinjiang carried out field tests on saline-alkali cultivated land, and improved the saline-alkali cultivated land with desulfurized gypsum and aeolian sand. Six treatments were set up (blank treatment (CK) desulfurized gypsum 15 t/ha (LH), desulfurized gypsum 30 t/ha (LA), desulfurized gypsum 15 t/hamixed application (FL), Aeolian sand 15 t/ha (FH), and Aeolian sand 30 t/ha (FA)). The effects of different treatments on CO2 and N2O emission fluxes in cotton-pepper soil were observed. The results show that: (1) In the growth stage of cotton-pepper, compared with CK, soil moisture increased, and soil ammonium nitrogen decreased; The conductivity increases with the increase of desulphurized gypsum and the decrease of aeolian sand. The results showed that LA treatment had the best water retention effect and FA treatment had the best salt reduction effect. (2) Compared with CK, the cumulative CO2 emission fluxes of cotton soil under different treatments were CK > LH > FL > FH > LA > FA treatment, and those of pepper soil were CK > FL > LH > FH > FA > LA treatment. Among them, the inhibition effect of cumulative soil CO2 emission under LA and FA treatment reached a significant level. (3) Compared with CK, the cumulative N2O emission fluxes of LH, LA, FL, FH and FA treated soil in cotton field were CK > LA > LH > FH > FL > FA, and that of pepper soil was CK > FA > LH > LA > FL > FH. Among them, the inhibition effect of aeolian sand (FA and FH) on soil N2O cumulative emission reached a significant level. (4) Compared with CK, LH, LA, FL, FH and FA treatments reduced the comprehensive greenhouse effect of cotton field and pepper crops by inhibiting soil CO2 emission fluxes, among which FA treatment had the lowest comprehensive greenhouse effect. Therefore, the effects of different treatments on physicochemical properties and gas emissions of saline-alkali soil were comprehensively analyzed, and FA treatment had the best effect on inhibiting CO2 and N2O emissions and improving soil physicochemical properties.
PIM1 signaling in immunoinflammatory diseases: an emerging therapeutic target
Authors: Yang Xue , Liu Chunming , Lei Yuxi , Liu Zhi , Zhu Bin , Zhao Dongchi
Published: September 2024

PIM1, the proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus, is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is involved in many biological events, such as cell survival, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and cell migration, and has been widely studied in malignant diseases. However, recent studies have shown that PIM1 plays a prominent role in immunoinflammatory diseases, including autoimmune uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. PIM1 can function in inflammatory signal transduction by phosphorylating multiple inflammatory protein substrates and mediating macrophage activation and T lymphocyte cell specification, thus participating in the development of multiple immunoinflammatory diseases. Moreover, the inhibition of PIM1 has been demonstrated to ameliorate certain immunoinflammatory disorders. Based on these studies, we suggest PIM1 as a potential therapeutic target for immunoinflammatory diseases and a valid candidate for future research. Herein, for the first time, we provide a detailed review that focuses on the roles of PIM1 in the pathogenesis of immunoinflammatory diseases.
Dynamic findings of brain magnetic resonance imaging in a haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient with cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis: a case report and systematic review
Authors: Li Nannan , Zhao Jing , Liu Yinghui , Zhang Yuanfeng
Published: September 2024

Our case demonstrated unique cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis post-haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HID-HSCT), with early findings on diffusion-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the absence of any neurologic symptoms. A 54-year-old Chinese man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Philadelphia chromosome-negative) underwent HID-HSCT. After HSCT, the patient developed CMV viremia and severe acute graft-versus-host disease. Recurrence of CMV viremia was observed. On day 129, brain MRI was performed to determine the cause for the intermittent fever. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) revealed several bright spots in the cortex of the frontal lobes and anterior angle of the left lateral ventricle. Subsequently, he developed transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and enlargement of lesions alongside the ventricular wall on a brain MRI series. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) led to the final diagnosis of CMV encephalitis. Although ganciclovir combined with foscarnet was administered, the patient’s consciousness deteriorated, followed by respiratory failure. The patient died on day 198. Additionally, we performed a systematic review to comprehensively analyze this disease. Regarding treatment, immunological therapies, including virus-specific T cells from a third donor and CMV-cytotoxic T lymphocytes, may be more effective. This case report and systematic review underscores the complexities of managing CMV ventriculoencephalitis in HSCT recipients and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis by brain MRI and CSF polymerase chain reaction or NGS and ongoing research in improving outcomes.
Prognosis of colorectal cancer, prognostic index of immunogenic cell death associated genes in response to immunotherapy, and potential therapeutic effects of ferroptosis inducers
Authors: Lei Mengjie , Xiao Meihua , Long Zhiqing , Lin Taolin , Ding Ran , Quan Qi
Published: September 2024

Introduction

This study leverages bioinformatics and medical big data to integrate datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), providing a comprehensive overview of immunogenic cell death (ICD)-related gene expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). The research aims to elucidate the molecular pathways and gene networks associated with ICD in CRC, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of cell death inducers, including ferroptosis agents, and their implications for precision medicine.

Methods

We conducted differential expression analysis and utilized advanced bioinformatic techniques to analyze ICD-related gene expression in CRC tissues. Unsupervised consensus clustering was applied to categorize CRC patients into distinct ICD-associated subtypes, followed by an in-depth immune microenvironment analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate immune responses and cell infiltration patterns. Experimental validation was performed to assess the impact of cell death inducers on ICD gene expression and their interaction with ferroptosis inducers in combination with other clinical drugs.

Results

Distinct ICD gene expression profiles were identified in CRC tissues, revealing molecular pathways and intricate gene networks. Unsupervised consensus clustering refined the CRC cohort into unique ICD-associated subtypes, each characterized by distinct clinical and immunological features. Immune microenvironment analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed significant variations in immune responses and cell infiltration patterns across these subtypes. Experimental validation confirmed that cell death inducers directly affect ICD gene expression, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Additionally, combinatorial therapies with ferroptosis inducers and clinical drugs were shown to influence drug sensitivity and resistance in CRC.

Discussion

Our findings underscore the importance of ICD-related genes in CRC prognosis and therapeutic targeting. The study provides actionable insights into the efficacy of cell death-inducing therapies, particularly ferroptosis inducers, and their regulatory mechanisms in CRC. These discoveries support the development of precision medicine strategies targeting ICD genes and offer valuable guidance for translating these therapies into clinical practice, with the potential to enhance CRC treatment outcomes and patient survival.
From the shallows to the depths: a new probe set to target ultraconserved elements for Decapoda and other Malacostraca
Authors: Geburzi Jonas C. , Rodríguez-Flores Paula C. , Derkarabetian Shahan , Giribet Gonzalo
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Since its introduction about a decade ago, target enrichment sequencing of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) has proven to be an invaluable tool for studies across evolutionary scales, and thus employed from population genetics, to historical biogeography as well as deep-time phylogenetics. Here, we present the first probe set targeting UCEs in crustaceans, specifically designed for decapods and tested beyond decapods in other malacostracan lineages.

Methods

Probes were designed using published genomes of nine decapod and one peracarid species, as well as raw Nanopore long reads of one additional brachyuran species. The final probe set consists of about 20,000 probes, targeting 1,384 unique UCE loci. We compiled a dataset across Malacostraca,as well as datasets of a deep-sea squat lobster genus, and an intertidal mangrove crab species, to test the probe set at different phylogenetic levels (i.e., class, order, genus, within species).

Results

Final mean UCE recovery from fresh samples across Malacostraca was 568 loci, with up to 847 and 658 loci recovered from decapod and non-decapod species, respectively. Final mean recovery from fresh samples in the genus- and within species-level datasets was 849 and 787 loci, respectively. Up to several hundreds of UCEs were recovered from historical museum specimens (10 to > 150 years old), that were included in all datasets. UCE-based phylogenies largely reflected the known relationships of the included taxa, and we were able to infer population differentiation based on >600 SNPs extracted from the species-level dataset.

Discussion

Our results showcase the versatility of this UCE probe set, yielding informative data from phylogenetic as well as population-genetic datasets. They demonstrate once more that UCEs are a promising technique for leveraging museum specimens for genomic studies, and overall highlight the probe set's potential for crustacean evolutionary studies.
Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA in the treatment of medication overuse headache: a systematic review
Authors: Lang Hui , Peng Cheng , Wu Kongyuan , Chen Xiwen , Jiang Xin , He Li , Chen Ning
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a chronic headache caused by regular overuse of medications. OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) is used for preventive treatment of MOH. However, its efficacy and safety remain controversial.

Methods

Seven online databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database) were searched for relevant articles published between January 2002 and March 2024. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies on the treatment of MOH using BoNTA versus a placebo or other active treatments.

Results

We retrieved 487 articles in the database search. Of these, four eligible RCTs were identified after detailed screening. A total of 1,259 patients with MOH (622 patients treated with BoNTA, 607 with placebo, and 30 with topiramate) were included in the four RCTs. We found that BoNTA significantly reduced headache frequency compared with placebo (mean difference, 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–2.67; I2 = 0%; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between BoNTA and the placebo in terms of secondary outcomes, which included reductions in acute medication intake (MD, 1.30; 95% CI, −1.18–3.78; I2 = 0%; p = 0.30), Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire scores (MIDAS, MD, −4.04; 95% CI, −29.36–21.28; I2 = 0%; p = 0.75), and Headache Impact Test scores (HIT-6, MD, 0.03; 95% CI, −1.77–1.83; I2 = 0%; p = 0.97). BoNTA was more likely to cause adverse events (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.45–2.42; I2 = 0%; p < 0.001) than placebo.

Conclusion

The results of this study show that BoNTA reduces headache frequency and is effective for the treatment of MOH.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022315845.
Associations between vitamin A and K intake and lung function in the general US population: evidence from NHANES 2007–2012
Authors: Chen Yi-Chuan , Hung Ming-Szu
Published: September 2024

Introduction

While nutrition's critical role in enhancing respiratory health is acknowledged, the specific impacts of vitamins A and K on lung function remain largely unexplored. The study aimed to evaluate the relationships between vitamins A and K intake and lung function.

Methods

The cross-sectional study focused on adults aged 20–79 with utilizing data from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. Lung function was assessed by measuring forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the ratio of these two values (FEV1/FVC). Regression model was performed to determine the associations between intake of vitamins A and K and outcomes.

Results

Data of 10,034 participants (representing 142,965,892 adults in the US) were analyzed. After adjusting for relevant confounders, multivariable analysis revealed 1 μg/day increase of vitamin A intake was significantly associated with 0.03 ml increased FEV1 (p = 0.004) and 0.04 ml increased forced vital capacity (FVC) (p < 0.001). In addition, 1 μg/day increase in vitamin K intake was significantly associated with 0.11 ml increased FEV1 (p = 0.022). Neither vitamin A and K intake was associated with FEV1/FVC or presence of airway obstruction.

Conclusions

In relatively healthy population of the US, greater vitamin A or K intake was independently associated with better lung function assessed by spirometry. Benefits of such vitamins for pulmonary health should be confirmed in future randomized controlled trials.
Enhancing brain tumor detection: a novel CNN approach with advanced activation functions for accurate medical imaging analysis
Authors: Kaifi Reham
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Brain tumors are characterized by abnormal cell growth within or around the brain, posing severe health risks often associated with high mortality rates. Various imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are commonly employed to visualize the brain and identify malignant growths. Computer-aided diagnosis tools (CAD) utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have proven effective in feature extraction and predictive analysis across diverse medical imaging modalities.

Methods

This study explores a CNN trained and evaluated with nine activation functions, encompassing eight established ones from the literature and a modified version of the soft sign activation function.

Results

The latter demonstrates notable efficacy in discriminating between four types of brain tumors in MR images, achieving an accuracy of 97.6%. The sensitivity for glioma is 93.7%; for meningioma, it is 97.4%; for cases with no tumor, it is 98.8%; and for pituitary tumors, it reaches 100%.

Discussion

In this manuscript, we propose an advanced CNN architecture that integrates a newly developed activation function. Our extensive experimentation and analysis showcase the model's remarkable ability to precisely distinguish between different types of brain tumors within a substantial and diverse dataset. The findings from our study suggest that this model could serve as an invaluable supplementary tool for healthcare practitioners, including specialized medical professionals and resident physicians, in the accurate diagnosis of brain tumors.
Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Bai Liping , Han Ling , Zheng Ai , Chen Yali
Published: September 2024

Objective

Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (UIMT) is a rare tumor of the female reproductive tract with uncertain malignant potential. Previous case series reports have limited our understanding of its diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patient files at West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University to contribute valuable clinical insights to future treatment strategies for this disease.

Method

We comprehensively reviewed patient files of individuals diagnosed with UIMT from January 1st, 2013 to May 1st, 2023.

Results

We included twenty-seven cases of uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in our study. Of these, 51.85% (14 cases) were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding, 2 cases had dysmenorrhea, and 12 were unexpectedly diagnosed with suspected uterine fibroids. Ten cases performed total hysterectomy, and 17 cases underwent lesion resection. The positive rate of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) immunohistochemistry reached 96.3%. After a median of 8 months follow-up time, all patients were disease-free and had survived.

Conclusion

Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is easily misdiagnosed, making its diagnosis challenging. Histological features, immunohistochemical results, and molecular confirmation using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or Next-generation sequencing should be used to confirm the diagnosis. Positive ALK immunohistochemistry, ALK rearrangement, ALK fusion are helpful in diagnosis and ALK inhibitor therapy. Total hysterectomy is often performed for women who do not require fertility, while lesion resection and close follow-up may be considered for those who require fertility preservation.
Empowering precision medicine: regenerative AI in breast cancer
Authors: Bhattacharya Sudip , Saleem Sheikh Mohd , Singh Alok , Singh Sukhpreet , Tripathi Shailesh
Published: September 2024

Regenerative AI is transforming breast cancer diagnosis and treatment through enhanced imaging analysis, personalized medicine, drug discovery, and remote patient monitoring. AI algorithms can detect subtle patterns in mammograms and other imaging modalities with high accuracy, potentially leading to earlier diagnoses. In treatment planning, AI integrates patient-specific data to predict individual responses and optimize therapies. For drug discovery, generative AI models rapidly design and screen novel molecules targeting breast cancer pathways. Remote monitoring tools powered by AI provide real-time insights to guide care. Examples include Google's LYNA for analyzing pathology slides, Kheiron's Mia for mammogram interpretation, and Tempus's platform for integrating clinical and genomic data. While promising, challenges remain, including limited high-quality training data, integration into clinical workflows, interpretability of AI decisions, and regulatory/ethical concerns. Strategies to address these include collaborative data-sharing initiatives, user-centered design, explainable AI techniques, and robust oversight frameworks. In developing countries, AI tools like MammoAssist and Niramai's thermal imaging system are improving access to screening. Overall, regenerative AI offers significant potential to enhance breast cancer care, but judicious implementation with awareness of limitations is crucial. Coordinated efforts across the healthcare ecosystem are needed to fully realize AI's benefits while addressing challenges.
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of nigella sativa supplementation for allergic rhinitis treatment
Authors: He Yuxiao , Hu Xiaoyan , Chang Lanyin , Liu Shuang , Lv Liangge , Qin Gang , Jiang Liang
Published: September 2024

Background

Demonstrating the positive effects of Nigella sativa supplementation (Nigella spp) on Allergic Rhinitis (AR) treatment is challenging. To investigate the role of Nigella spp in managing AR, a comprehensive review through systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted.

Purpose

To carry out a meta-analysis of clinical trials that used Nigella spp in treating AR based on current data.

Study Design

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed.

Methods

Various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, Springer Link and the Cochrane Library, were searched until October 2023 to obtain RCTs assessing impact of Nigella spp in the control of AR. The current meta-analysis was carried out with a random-effects model.

Results

There were 8 studies enrolled, and our meta-analysis findings revealed that, relative to the control group, observation group exhibited the markedly increased total effective rate for allergic rhinitis treatment (odds ratio [OR] = 4.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] (2.57, 7.27), and p < 0.00001); three studies showed that the effect of Nigella spp for nasal symptoms treatment among patients with allergic rhinitis was superior in observation group to control group [mean difference = −2.60, 95% CI (−2.82, −2.38), p < 0.00001]; adverse effects occurred in five studies, all of which were transient, did not require medical intervention, and were not statistically significant between the two groups [OR = 1.01, 95% CI (0.59, 1.73), p = 0.98].

Conclusion

The observation group demonstrated relative safety and had an enhanced effect on allergic rhinitis treatment and total nasal symptom improvement than the control group. The inclusion of fewer studies and the lower quality of trial design might affect the stability of the results. However, the evidence-based findings that Nigella spp for allergic rhinitis treatment is more accurate should be validated in future large-scale, multicenter, and well-designed RCTs.
Mitigative role of cysteamine against unilateral renal reperfusion injury in Wistar rats
Authors: Alabi Babatunde Adebola , Nku-Ekpang Okot-Asi , Lawal Sodiq Kolawole , Iwalewa Ezekiel Olugbenga , Omobowale Temidayo , Ajike Richard , Lawal Ridwan Abiodun
Published: September 2024

Background

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable during kidney transplant and it is responsible for delayed or non-function after kidney transplantation. Cysteamine is the standard drug in the management of nephropathic cystinosis and its extra-renal complications. Thus, we designed this study to investigate its potential against renal reperfusion injury.

Results

Significant elevation of H2O2, MDA, and nitrite and reduced GPx, GSH, and protein thiol in the Ischemia-reperfusion injury rats was reversed by cysteamine (50 and 100 mg/kg). Serum MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, creatinine, and AOPP were significantly elevated in IRI while rats treated with cysteamine revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the activities of these pro-inflammatory and renal injury markers.

Conclusion

Based on its activity against inflammation, apoptosis, and free radical-induced stress, cysteamine has great potential to be used as a kidney transplant pre-operative drug to prevent renal reperfusion injury.
Metabolomics and network pharmacology reveal partial insights into the hypolipidemic mechanisms of ferulic acid in a dyslipidemia mouse model
Authors: Zeng Zhihao , Xiao Guanlin , Liu Yanchang , Wu Minshan , Wei Xingqin , Xie Canhui , Wu Guangying , Jia Dezheng , Li Yangxue , Li Sumei , Bi Xiaoli
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Hyperlipidemia is a condition characterized by abnormal levels of lipids and lipoproteins in the plasma, posing significant health risks. Ferulic acid (FA) is an organic acid with therapeutic properties for diabetes and hyperlipidemia.

Methods

To explore biomarkers for FA treatment of hyperlipidemia and elucidate the mechanisms of lipid-lowering-related changes in metabolic pathways by metabolomics and network pharmacology. Initially, a hyperlipidemic mouse model induced by triton WR-1339 was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of FA. Subsequently, serum metabolomics was utilized to identify differential metabolites, and metabolic pathway analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst 6.0. Thirdly, network pharmacology was employed to identify potential targets of FA for hyperlipidemia. Finally, the compound-target-metabolite (C-T-M) network obtained core targets and validated them with molecular docking.

Results

Biochemical analysis and histological examination showed that FA had lipid-lowering effects on hyperlipidemic mice. It identified 31 potential biomarkers for FA against hyperlipidemia by metabolomics involving lipid and amino acid metabolism. Lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathways were identified as the key signaling pathways of FA against hyperlipidemia by KEGG analysis. Conjoint analysis showed that FA against hyperlipidemia was associated with 18 core targets and six biomarkers. Molecular docking results showed that FA has a high binding affinity to these core targets.

Discussion

Through the synergy of network pharmacology and metabolomics, this study provides insights into how FA regulates endogenous metabolites, underscoring its promise as a treatment for hyperlipidemia.
Electrical stimulation: a potential alternative to positively impact cerebral health?
Authors: Descollonges Maël , Chaney Rémi , Garnier Philippe , Prigent-Tessier Anne , Brugniaux Julien V. , Deley Gaëlle
Published: September 2024

An increasing body of evidence confirms the effectiveness of physical exercise (PE) in promoting brain health by preventing age-related cognitive decline and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. The benefits of PE are attributed to neuroplasticity processes which have been reported to enhance cerebral health. However, moderate to high-intensity PE is necessary to induce these responses and these intensities cannot always be achieved especially by people with physical limitations. As a countermeasure, electrical stimulation (ES) offers several benefits, particularly for improving physical functions, for various neurological diseases. This review aims to provide an overview of key mechanisms that could contribute to the enhancement in brain health in response to ES-induced exercise, including increases in cerebral blood flow, neuronal activity, and humoral pathways. This narrative review also focuses on the effects of ES protocols, applied to both humans and animals, on cognition. Despite a certain paucity of research when compared to the more classical aerobic exercise, it seems that ES could be of interest for improving cerebral health, particularly in people who have difficulty engaging in voluntary exercise.