bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Theoretical Analysis of Financial Agglomeration in China Based on Information Asymmetry
Authors: Che Xinwei , Bu Hui , Liu John J.
Published: August 2017

The development of financial centers can illustrate continuous significance of geography. This paper regards financial services industry as a special kind of industry, and establishes a multi-region model to discuss the formation mechanism and equilibrium of finance agglomeration. Our findings suggest emergence of finance agglomeration depends on opportunity costs caused by information asymmetry, economies of scale, the share of financial services industry in economy and the amount of financial information. The results of numerical examples declare the same conclusions that effects of information asymmetry would push financials firms closer to an information source in order to find and interpret non-standardized information that a financial firm can use to make profit. And the agglomeration of real sector industry will enhance the agglomeration of finance. Finally, this paper puts forward a ratio, related with the opportunity costs, which could be regarded as a measure of whether the central area is an information center.
Pluralistic Efficiency-Equity Tradeoffs in Locating Public Services
Authors: Fang Lei , Li Hecheng
Published: August 2017

Aside from efficiency, equity is a particularly salient objective in siting public facilities. In this paper, we develop and test a bicriteria mixed integer program that trades off the efficiency and equity measures between an individual and the group. Individual efficiency is measured by data envelopment analysis (DEA) while individual equity is modeled by a center location model. On the other hand, group efficiency is measured by the median location model, while group equity is measured by the Gini coefficient. Available computational results suggest that the multicriteria model provides a promising approach to locate public services in a pluralistic society, when the individual rights are often weighed against common good.
The Evaluation of Status Quo of Growth Capacity in Chinese Logistics Enterprises
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Jin Xi
Published: August 2017

Growth force plays a decisive role in the growth and choices of growth path of logistics groups. It’s better to identify the status quo and choose the appropriate nurturing path when evaluations of growth force of logistics groups have been done. The article, by means of AHP, constructs a model evaluation index system so as to analyze and evaluate the status quo and its main influencing factors of growth force of a branch of logistics groups with typical cases. Finally, suggestions of enhancing growth force and nurturing path of the logistics group will be provided.
System Planning of Route Diagram for China Railway Passengers Based on Network and Ergonomics
Authors: Yi Junmin
Published: August 2017

Focus on the China Railway network and its planar route diagram for passengers, this study further extends network analysis to the representation of the railway network. After detail system analysis, backbone framework for the China Railway and its high-speed railway network is identified. With a straight-line principle, planning horizon till the year of 2020, and ergonomic pictogram measures, a brand new route diagram for China Railway passengers is created. This diagram will convey a new image and modern information of China Railway to meet the demand of passengers and the requirement of ever-expanding network.
Estimation of Partially Specified Spatial Autoregressive Model
Authors: Zhang Yuanqing
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we study estimation of a partially specified spatial autoregressive model with heteroskedasticity error term. Under the assumption of exogenous regressors and exogenous spatial weighting matrix, we propose an instrumental variable estimation. Under some sufficient conditions, we show that the proposed estimator for the finite dimensional parameter is root-n consistent and asymptotically normally distributed and the proposed estimator for the unknown function is consistent and also asymptotically distributed though at a rate slower than root-n. Monte Carlo simulations verify our theory and the results suggest that the proposed method has some practical value.
Civil Disobedience and Cyber Democracy
Authors: Zain Zawiyah Mohd , Othman Zaheruddin , Ahmad Zalinah , Rahman Mohd Fitri Abdul , Ajis Mohd Na’iem , Ngah Kamaruddin , Yusoff Mohammad Agus
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the emergence of civil disobedience in Malaysia specifically in the era of Abdullah Badawi, and its impact upon the democratization process. The whole analysis in this paper is qualitative and derived from two types of data which is primary and secondary data. The analysis shows that civil disobedience arose due to three factors, namely the government’s failure to fulfill its promise to reform, Mahathir’s criticism against Abdullah Badawi’s leadership, and the government failure to handle racial issues. Consequently, Barisan Nasional (The National Front) government failed to gain two-thirds majority of the parliamentary seats in the 2008 general elections and at the same time lost five states to the opposition. In 2013 general election the result remain the same which is government failed to gain two-thirds majority of the parliamentary seats. Furthermore, even though the emergence of civil disobedience failed to create a change of government, it however has been able to give birth to cyber democracy and create awareness among Malaysians to pursue the process of democratization.
The Relationship between Income Household and Intention to Pay Zakat on Income among Indonesian Academicians
Authors: Doktoralina Caturida Meiwanto , Bahari Zakaria
Published: August 2017

Zakat on employment income is an important source that promotes economic activities and raises standard of living for the Muslims society. Proper distribution of zakat contributes to social security and fills the gap between the haves and those who are not. However, zakat on employment income is still an issue in Indonesia and Muslim people do not pay serious attention to the obligation of this type of zakat. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between household income as measured by the ability to fulfil dharuriyyat, hajiyyat and tahsiniyyat needs and intention to pay zakat on income. The sample involved in this study consists of 94 academicians working for University of Mercu Buana, Indonesia. The results confirm that if the level of ability of lecturers to meet the needs dharuriyyat items increases, the level of intention to pay zakat will also increase. Results also showed that if the level of academicians′ ability to meet the needs hajiyyat items increases, the level of lecturer intention to carry items would increase the intention to pay zakat. Furthermore, it was found that if the level of academicians′ ability to meet the needs tahsiniyyat items increases, the level of intention to pay zakat will also increase.
Power Sharing and the Implications for Democratic Governance in Nigeria: The Case of National Assembly (1999–2011)
Authors: Baba Yahaya T.
Published: August 2017

Given the diverse nature of the Nigerian society and the tension associated with political contestations, particularly elective positions at various levels of government, some power sharing frameworks evolved in both formal and informal contexts. The ‘Federal Character Principle’ for instance, which is a constitutional provision that requires the sharing of major political and bureaucratic positions among the diverse people of Nigeria is meant to ensure fair representation, equitable distribution of political incentives and sense of belonging. This principle is also internalized by the major political parties in Nigeria in their candidates′ selection procedures and indeed by the legislature in determination of candidates for legislative leadership positions. Thus using the National Assembly of Nigeria from 1999-2011, the paper examined the extent to which formal and informal power sharing arrangements affects democratic governance in the country. The paper relied on secondary sources of data, which include official documents such as the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, constitutions of various political parties, newspaper and bulletins and some extant literature. Theoretically, Lijphart’s (1968; 1977; and 1990) consociational model of Proportional Representation (PR) provided the guide to understanding the power sharing arrangement in Nigeria’s democracy and particularly the informal arrangement within the National Assembly. This theoretical stance, though contradicts the broader theory of legislative institutionalization, is seen as an effective strategy for dousing tensions, curtailing upheavals and ensuring mutual trust among the diverse groups of Nigeria for democratic stability. The paper, however, argues that the informal power sharing arrangement in the Nigeria’s National Assembly undermines its autonomy, complexity and the principle of universal procedure of conducting legislative business. Essentially, the power sharing arrangement affects the stability of legislative leadership which is central to legislative autonomy and its institutionalization as well. The paper concluded that while the National Assembly in Nigeria is unlikely to institutionalize conventionally, the fragile nature of the informal arrangements of power sharing may also be a source of tension and conflict once it is obstructed.
Impact of Investment Climate on Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria
Authors: Ajagbe Friday Ademola , Ajetomobi Joshua Olusegun
Published: August 2017

This study examines the influence of investment climate on productivity of manufacturing industries in Nigeria. The study is conducted in two phases: in the first phase, an econometric production function for Nigerian manufacturing industries is estimated to produce a measure of TFP for each firm; in the second stage, variation in the TFP is statistically related to indicators of the investment climate as well as firm characteristics. The analyses use 2009 World Bank Enterprise survey data on Nigeria. The results show systematic variations in the investment climate indicators, across various industries in Nigeria. The following indicators of poor investment climate: power outage, unofficial payment, loss in transit due to breakage or spoilage and tax burdens, have significant negative effects on TFP of manufacturing industries in Nigeria. Increasing power outage by one hour per month could reduce TFP by 0.06%, while a 1% rise in unofficial payment could lead to about 1.8% decline in TFP. Investment climate indicators, such as, management time in dealing with regulations and percentage of firms owned by private domestic individuals, companies and organizations have positive effects on TFP of manufacturing industries.
Attitudes Towards the Use of Social Media as a Tool for Marketing
Authors: Molina Sergio Gómez , Piedrahita Lemy Bran , Arias Alejandro Valencia , Arciniegas Claudia Milena Arias , Cortés Alejandro Silva , Holguin Rosa Velez
Published: August 2017

The accelerated progress of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has made that marketing strategies are strengthened through the construction, personalization and socialization of information, which is one of the main dynamic social media. The aim of this article is to identify the trends and evolution of attitudes towards the use of social media as a marketing tool. For this, a bibliometric analysis was developed, divided into two stages: obtaining information (database and search equation), and obtaining bibliometric indicators (quantity, quality and structure) between 2008 and 2016. Among the results it is observed that increasing topics are centered on: Consumer Attitude, Health, Advertizing, Communication y Consumer Behavior.
Commanders-in-chief beyond the border: analysing the powers of heads of state in Northern American federalism
Authors: Cartaxo Tiago de Melo
Published: August 2017

Canada and the United States of America are examples of how two constitutional systems in the same region may adopt substantially different solutions in respect of the powers of the head of state. While the United States Founding Fathers opted to follow a republican and presidential path, the Canadian constitutional system developed a framework under the British monarchic background, in part as a rejection of their neighbour country’s federal and constitutional choices. This article proceeds with a comparison between both systems of Northern America, demonstrating that the powers of heads of state may vary, even between countries which were historically influenced by the same constitutional and democratic traditions, but, as a result of a multitude of historical and cultural influences, decided to follow different constitutional pathways.
Borodáč’s Chlapci na Stráži
Authors: Maťašík Andrej
Published: August 2017

This study deals with the production of the play Chlapci na stráži [Boys on Guard], which was awarded in a competition organized on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the establishment of Czechoslovakia in the spring of 1938. It was written by Ján Borodáč, the artistic director of the Drama Company of the Slovak National Theatre under the pseudonym of Ján Debnár. By the time it was premiered on 29 October 1939, there had been significant political changes. Following the Munich Agreement, Czechoslovakia, based on the decision of the prime ministers of France, Great Britain, Italy and Germany, had lost ethnically mixed Czech-German borderlands, President Eduard Beneš had offered his resignation and had gone into exile, and Slovakia had got the autonomy it was promised by the Pittsburgh Agreement (an obligation that had gone unfulfilled for long). The play which was supposed to celebrate the anniversary of the Czechoslovak Republic paradoxically acquired a new meaning under the pressure of these changes - it celebrated the autonomy and called for a defiance of revisionist pressures from Horthy’s Hungary.
From Central Asia to South Africa: In Search of Inspiration in Rock Art Studies
Authors: Rozwadowski Andrzej
Published: August 2017

The paper describes the story of discovering South African rock art as an inspiration for research in completely different part of the globe, namely in Central Asia and Siberia. It refers to those aspect of African research which proved to importantly develop the understanding of rock art in Asia. Several aspects are addressed. First, it points to importance of rethinking of relationship between art, myth and ethnography, which in South Africa additionally resulted in reconsidering the ontology of rock images and the very idea of reading of rock art. From the latter viewpoint particularly inspiring appeared the idea of three-dimensionality of rock art ‘text’. The second issue of South African ‘origin,’ which notably inspired research all over the world, concerns a new theorizing of shamanism. The paper then discusses how and to what extent this new theory add to the research on the rock art in Siberia and Central Asia.
Long Distance Solidarity: Polish Public Opinion and the Boer War 1899–1902
Authors: Szlanta Piotr
Published: August 2017

The bloody conflict which was taking place in South Africa in the years 1899-1902 was followed with a great interest by Polish public opinion. Its greatest part strongly sympathized with the Boer republics. Their burgers were idealized and presented by the Polish press as brave fighters for independence, who dared to stand up against the world empire to defend their rights while Great Britain was attributed full responsibility for the outbreak of the war. For many Poles the Boers personified the general idea of freedom fighters and symbolized all suppressed nations. Their sad fate seemed to be quite similar to the Polish one and this similarity was the main source of sympathy toward defenders of the Transvaal and Free Orange State. Voices of few Polish intellectuals, who called for a more objective and not so emotional view on the war, could not change the pro-Boers stance of the greatest part of Polish public opinion.
Measurement of Lateral Stress and Friction in Rockfill Oedometer Tests Enabling the Analysis of the Experimental Results in the p′-q Space
Authors: Oldecop L. A. , Alonso E. E.
Published: August 2017

The oedometer is one of the simplest and most reliable laboratory tests. Its main drawback is that stress state is not fully known. Over the years, a number of enhancements were intended to overcome this limitation. This work presents the development of a large size oedometer for testing gravels made of crushed rock under varying moisture conditions. Load application is done by air pressure acting on the upper end of the specimen (Rowe type oedometer), and the lateral stress is measured using a strain-gage-instrumented oedometer ring. Special features were included in the ring geometry for enhancing the lateral stress measurement signal, while keeping the deformation of the ring to acceptably low levels. The lateral friction between specimen and oedometer wall is computed as the difference between the applied load and the reaction force at the specimen base, measured by means of three load cells. The performance of the oedometer is studied by means of a finite element model of the oedometer ring. The deformability of the ring and the production of spurious readings of lateral stress due to varying operation conditions are evaluated and found to be satisfactorily low. Some experimental results on a rockfill type material are presented. The lateral stress and friction data are analysed in terms of the lateral stress ratio and in the p′-q space. The observed behavior is found to be stress– and suction–dependent. The results are consistent with triaxial tests of the same material published elsewhere.
Effect of Shot Peening Coverage on Surface Nanostructuring of 316L Stainless Steel and its Influence on Low Temperature Plasma-Nitriding
Authors: Jayalakshmi M. , Ramachandra Bhat B. , Udaya Bhat K.
Published: August 2017

Air-blast shot peening (ABSP) is a cost effective and industrially viable technique to produce nanostructured surface layer on metallic materials. In the present study, 316L stainless steel samples were subjected to shot peening at different peening coverage, from conventional to severe peening. Nanocrystalline structure was observed on the sample surface after peening and mechanical twins; intersection of multidirectional twins producing rhombic blocks were observed in the subsurface layer. Peening process led to the formation of strain induced martensite (α‘), and its fraction was found to increase with the coverage. Depth of nanostructured layer and surface microhardness also increased with the increase in coverage, whereas surface roughness followed an opposite trend. Both peened and un-peened samples were subjected to plasma nitriding at 400°C for 4 h. Uniform and appreciably high case depth of about 45 μm was observed in severely pre-peened (1000 % coverage) sample after nitriding treatment. No precipitation of CrN was observed. This highlights the marked influence of severe shot peening as a pre-treatment for low temperature plasma nitriding of austenitic stainless steels.
Genetic Dissection of Trabecular Bone Structure with Mouse Intersubspecific Consomic Strains
Authors: Kataoka Taro , Tamura Masaru , Maeno Akiteru , Wakana Shigeharu , Shiroishi Toshihiko
Published: August 2017

Trabecular bone structure has an important influence on bone strength, but little is known about its genetic regulation. To elucidate the genetic factor(s) regulating trabecular bone structure, we compared the trabecular bone structures of two genetically remote mouse strains, C57BL/6J and Japanese wild mouse-derived MSM/Ms. Phenotyping by X-ray micro-CT revealed that MSM/Ms has structurally more fragile trabecular bone than C57BL/6J. Toward identification of genetic determinants for the difference in fragility of trabecular bone between the two mouse strains, we employed phenotype screening of consomic mouse strains in which each C57BL/6J chromosome is substituted by its counterpart from MSM/Ms. The results showed that many chromosomes affect trabecular bone structure, and that the consomic strain B6-Chr15MSM, carrying MSM/Ms-derived chromosome 15 (Chr15), has the lowest values for the parameters BV/TV, Tb.N, and Conn.D, and the highest values for the parameters Tb.Sp and SMI. Subsequent phenotyping of subconsomic strains for Chr15 mapped four novel trabecular bone structure-related QTL (Tbsq1-4) on mouse Chr15. These results collectively indicate that genetic regulation of trabecular bone structure is highly complex, and that even in the single Chr15, the combined action of the four Tbsqs controls the fragility of trabecular bone. Given that Tbsq4 is syntenic to human Chr 12q12-13.3, where several bone-related SNPs are assigned, further study of Tbsq4 should facilitate our understanding of the genetic regulation of bone formation in humans.
Luxación traumática del inserto tibial de polietileno en prótesis total de rodilla High-Flex estabilizada a posterior. Presentación de un caso y análisis de la bibliografía
Authors: Astoul Bonorino Juan Félix , Slullitel Pablo Ariel , Kido Gonzalo Rodrigo , Bongiovanni Santiago , Vestri Renato , Carbó Lisandro
Published: August 2017

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Ruptura irreparable del Manguito Rotador en Artroplastía de Hombro: Resolución “simple” de la complicación con Artroplastía Reversa
Authors: Pereira Enrique , Wittwer Christian , Rellan Ignacio , Arce Guillermo
Published: August 2017

La lesión del manguito rotador en pacientes con una prótesis total de hombro anatómica es cada vez más frecuente. Ante esta situación surge el dilema de reparar la ruptura o efectuar una revisión hacia una artroplastia inversa. Se presenta el caso de un paciente que consulta por una ruptura masiva del manguito rotador del hombro derecho, de seis meses de evolución, luego de haber intentado levantar un objeto de 30 kg. Como antecedente se le había implantado una artroplastia total del hombro derecho modular y universal por artrosis glenohumeral primaria. Dada la irreparabilidad de la lesión y la adecuada integración biológica proximal del tallo humeral cementado y el platillo metálico glenoideo no cementado, se procedió a la reconversión a artroplastia inversa de hombro intercambiando solo los componentes modulares de la prótesis. La evolución posquirúrgica fue favorable, recuperó un rango de movilidad satisfactorio durante la rehabilitación. Las prótesis modulares universales ofrecen la posibilidad de la conversión “simple” de una artroplastia de hombro total a una inversa, sin necesidad de revisar el tallo humeral ni el platillo glenoideo, y así disminuir la morbilidad del procedimiento.
Fractura de la extremidad distal del radio en paciente con osteoporosis y déficit de vitamina D
Authors: Goyanes Adrian Gallego
Published: August 2017

Las fracturas de la extremidad distal del radio (FrEDR) tienen una elevada incidencia, suponiendo una gran parte de las fracturas atendidas en una consulta de traumatología general. En España sitúan a la FrEDR como la segunda más frecuente tras la fractura vertebral1. Con una mayor prevalencia en el sexo femenino, tienen como factores de riesgo a las caídas, el descenso de la densidad mineral ósea, el descenso del diámetro cortical, el descenso de resistencia ósea y el déficit de vitamina D2-4. Además varios autores les reconocen un carácter predictor de nuevas fracturas osteoporóticas, pudiendo además el déficit de vitamina D, estar asociado a un retraso en la consolidación de las mismas.

Presentamos un caso clínico tratado en el Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (COT) de fractura de extremidad distal de radio en una paciente con osteoporosis y déficit de vitamina D.

Tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos de la revisión de este caso podríamos concluir que, ante una fractura por fragilidad de la extremidad distal del radio en un paciente joven, no solo debemos descartar la presencia de osteoporosis sino de deficiencia de vitamina D asociada. Es importante por tanto la repleción de los niveles adecuados de vitamina D, que si bien no acelera el proceso de consolidación, garantiza el mismo, ayudando a la prevención de nuevas fracturas osteoporóticas, mejorando la función neuromuscular y la prevención de caídas. El tratamiento con 1-34 PTH de este tipo de fracturas pudiera, en los casos en que estuvieses indicado su uso para el tratamiento de la enfermedad osteoporótica de base, acelerar el proceso de reparación de la FrEDR.
Plasmocitoma extramedular, intracanal extradural, posterior a artrodesis cervical en paciente con Mieloma Múltiple. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Guimbard Pérez Joint Halley
Published: August 2017

Paciente varón de 50 años de edad, de profesión policía, con antecedente patológico de relevancia de Mieloma Múltiple diagnosticado en Septiembre de 2014 y tratado con esquema de Bortezomib-Ciclofosfamida-Dexametazona-Pamidronato (protocolo GATLA), acude a la consulta en Marzo de 2015 refiriendo dolor cervical  que se irradia a hombro y brazo derecho de semanas de evolución, que no ceden con tratamiento médico ni fisioterapia, habiendo acudido a guardia en más de una oportunidad.

Al exámen físico se evidencia  parestesia en metámera de C6-C7, se le solicita Resonancia Magnética de región cervical, dónde se observa discopatía en C6-C7 con protrusión discal que impronta el saco a nivel central y foraminal derecha

El paciente mejora la sintomatología, pero luego de 3 semanas recurre el dolor y la paresia, por lo cual se indica cirugía de liberación meningoradicular y artrodesis de C6—C7 por vía anterior.

Al concurrir a la semana de control pos quirúrgico se le observa herida en proceso de cicatrización, sin eritema ni signos de flogosis, el paciente refiere la intensificación del dolor cervical y la recurrencia de la braquialgia y parestesia, ahora de forma bilateral, por lo cual de decide solicitar Resonancia Magnética cervical de control y su internación para manejo de dolor.

En la nueva resonancia se puede observar imágen hiperintensa intracanal, extra/epidural en C3 a C7, que nos da la sospecha de masa ocupante versus hematoma organizado pos quirúrgico.

Dado lo visto se decide realizar descompresión, más toma de muestra para envío a anatomía patológica del material encontrado intraquirúrgicamente por abordaje posterior.

Macroscópicamente se sospecha de tumor de células plasmáticas y se comunica a su oncólogo de cabecera para que tome la conducta correspondiente para ese caso.

El resultado de anatomía patológica nos arrojó el resultado sospechado en el intra operatorio.
Luxación Bilateral del Vientre Medial del Tríceps "Snapping Tríceps" Asociado a Luxación del Nervio Cubital. Presentación de un Caso
Authors: Mangione Jose Ignacio , Vidal Mariana Laura
Published: August 2017

Snapping Tríceps es la luxación del vientre medial del tríceps por arriba del la epitróclea, asociado o no a la luxación del nervio cubital. En algunos casos presentados en la bibliografía, los pacientes eran intervenidos por luxación del nervio cubital y en el intraoperatorio se diagnosticaba la luxación del vientre medial del tríceps, incluso algunos pacientes eran operados en varias oportunidades. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 16 años que refiere un resalto en la región medial de ambos codos. Al examen físico es evidente un doble resalto tanto del nervio cubital como del vientre medial del tríceps. Estos hallazgos se confirman por ecografía comparativa bilateral.

Se realiza el tratamiento quirúrgico que consistió en la transposición cubital transmuscular y resección del vientre medial del tríceps que se luxaba anterior a la epitróclea. Los dos codos fueron operados con diferencia de un mes. El paciente logró, luego de las intervenciones, excelente evolución sin complicaciones a los 2 meses de realizarse la operación. 

Conclusión: Esta patología poco frecuente debe ser considerada con atención ya que puede presentar errores diagnósticos y. de tratamiento
Produção de textos com crianças na educação infantil
Authors: Gontijo Cláudia Maria Mendes , Göes Margarete Sacht
Published: August 2017

Este artigo discute como crianças de 4 anos de idade, matriculadas em uma instituição educativa infantil pública, ao serem incentivadas a escrever, produzem textos, utilizando desenhos e escrita para dialogar com os destinatários imaginários, personagens de uma história infantil. Adota, em termos metodológicos, a abordagem sócio-histórica, em que o diálogo com as crianças é a principal fonte de conhecimento. Para a análise dos dados produzidos, toma por base os pressupostos teóricos de Mikhail Bakhtin, a partir da perspectiva enunciativo-discursiva, cuja concepção de linguagem ajuda a compreender o desenho e a escrita em sua dimensão discursiva. Por defender a importância do destinatário na produção textual e por entender que esta se constitui na interlocução com o outro, analisa produções das crianças para interlocutores imaginários. Conclui que a produção de textos possibilita a enunciação das crianças por meio de diferentes linguagens.
Formação de educadores de EJA: caminhos inovadores da prática docente
Authors: Amorim Antonio , Duques Maria Luiza Ferreira
Published: August 2017

Este estudo investigou as necessidades formativas de educadores baianos que atuam na EJA, a fim de desenvolver ações que contribuam para a melhoria dos processos formativos. Pela importância da temática foi preciso dialogar com Freire (1996), Di Pierro (2006), Machado (2000), Moura (2006), Pimenta (1999) e Nóvoa (1992), entre outros. A investigação se pautou na abordagem qualitativa para aprimorar os achados. Pelos resultados encontrados, os educadores revelaram a necessidade relacionada à prática docente, à gestão da escola, de Educação de Jovens e Adultos, ao currículo e à formação continuada, sendo que as necessidades correlatas à formação continuada foram enfatizadas como o maior empecilho para o trabalho na EJA. Faz-se urgente a instituição de políticas públicas voltadas a essa modalidade, pois, apesar das dificuldades, os educadores desejam um processo formativo que garanta o desenvolvimento qualificado das práticas. Conclui-se pela necessidade de se respeitar os educadores que atuam naEJA com a formulação de políticas públicas que valorizem a profissionalização desses educadores.
Comunidade escolar de Mato Grosso do Sul: refletindo sobre o trabalho de docentes do gênero masculino
Authors: Gonçalves Josiane Peres , Oliveira Edicleia Lima de
Published: August 2017

O presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar as representações sociais de professores homens, gestores escolares e familiares de alunos de educação infantil e anos iniciais do ensino fundamental do município de Corumbá (MS), em relação ao trabalho desenvolvido por docentes do gênero masculino com crianças. A metodologia consiste na gravação de entrevistas semiestruturadas, posteriormente transcritas, sistematizadas e analisadas. Participaram do estudo dez pessoas, sendo cinco da educação infantil e cinco dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Os resultados revelam que nos dois níveis de ensino averiguados não há grandes problemas relacionados ao trabalho desenvolvido pelos professores homens em Corumbá. Entretanto, o medo do que a família vai pensar e as representações sociais de que a mulher é a pessoa mais adequada para cuidar e educar as crianças na escola exercem influências para que exista um número cada vez menor de docentes do gênero masculino trabalhando nas duas primeiras etapas da educação básica.
Finding Hope in Uncertain Times
Authors: Kimball David
Published: August 2017

A lung cancer survivor reflects on facing an uncertain future and beating the odds, on lessons learned, on planning, and especially, on hope.
Experimental validation of a coupled hydro-mechanical model for vegetated soil
Authors: Świtała B. M. , Askarinejad A. , Wu W. , Springman S. M.
Published: August 2017

A coupled hydro-mechanical model is presented to account for the influence of plants on the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil. A modified Cam-Clay model is implemented in a finite-element code to consider the combined effect of vegetation by way of root reinforcement and evapotranspiration. The model is calibrated and validated by laboratory tests on soil containing roots. A vegetated soil sample is subjected to cycles of wetting and drying. The pore pressure is measured by tensiometers installed at different depths. Numerous tests on root-reinforced and non-reinforced soil are carried out. The enhancement in soil strength is obtained by comparing the test results. The tests are simulated using the numerical model and the results are compared with the experimental data.
STUDI KRITIKALITAS REAKTOR RISET DAYA RENDAH BERBAHAN BAKAR U3Si2Al
Authors: Tjiptono Tri Wulan
Published: August 2017

Abstrak STUDI KRITIKALITAS REAKTOR RISET DAYA RENDAH BERBAHAN BAKAR U3Si2Al.  Kegiatan ini sebagai kajian awal untuk modifikasi teras reaktor TRIGA, atau membangun reaktor riset daya rendah dengan bahan bakar U3Si2Al produksi dalam negeri.   Studi kritikalitas ini menggunakan konfigurasi teras 4x4 terdiri 12 perangkat bahan bakar (FA) dan 4 perangkat bahan bakar-kendali (CFA) di mana  perangkat bahan bakar-kendali ditempatkan ditengah. Tingkat kekritisan (besarnya kef) teras reaktor dihitung dengan program MCNP-4C untuk teras dengan tinggi bahan bakar 60 cm.  Tingkat kekritisan tersebut juga dihitung untuk beberapa kondisi teras reaktor yaitu semua bahan penyerap neutron di dalam, di luar teras dan sebagian di luar teras dan lainnya posisinya di atur sebagai simulasi kondisi kritis saat operasi reaktor.  Dari hasil perhitungan kekritisan dengan kondisi semua penyerap di luar teras, di dalam teras diperoleh harga faktor perlipatan neutron efektif (kef ) masing-masing 1,0104 ; 0,74232 dan untuk sebagain penyerap di luar teras dan sebagain lainnya di dalam teras diperoleh harga faktor perlipatan neutron 1,001.   Berdasar hasil studi ini konfigurasi teras 4x4 dengan perangkat bahan bakar U3Si2-Al dapat digunakan untuk  modifikasi teras reaktor TRIGA atau membangun reaktor riset daya rendah baru.
PENENTUAN ARUS SPOT PLASMA DAN ARUS PLASMA LUCUTAN BUSUR PADA SISTEM SUMBER ELEKTRON KATODE PLASMA MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK KOIL ROGOWSKI
Authors: Sudjatmoko Wirjoadi, Bambang Siswanto, Lely susita R.M., Agus Purwadi,
Published: August 2017

ABSTRAK PENENTUAN ARUS SPOT PLASMA DAN ARUS PLASMA LUCUTAN BUSUR PADA SISTEM SUMBER ELEKTRON KATODE PLASMA MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK KOIL ROGOWSKI. Telah dilakukan eksperimen uji fungsi sistem elektrode ignitor dan sistem elektrode generator plasma untuk menentukan arus spot plasma dan arus plasma lucutan busur dengan teknik koil Rogowski. Sistem elektrode ignitor yang mendapat catudaya dari sistem IDPS dapat menghasilkan arus spot plasma 11,68 ampere dengan lebar pulsa sekitar 33 ms; nilai tersebut lebih besar dari rancangan mungkin karena komponen elektronik yang digunakan pada sistem IDPS tidak sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Untuk sistem elektrode generator plasma yang mendapatkan catudaya dari sistem ADPS mampu menghasilkan arus plasma lucutan busur sekitar 103,15 ampere dengan lebar pulsa sekitar 96 ms, dan nilai ini sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Berdasarkan nilai arus plasma lucutan busur ini  dapat ditentukan rapat elektron plasma, yaitu sekitar 10,12 ´ 1019 elektron/m3 dan dengan nilai kerapatan elektron plasma ini, sistem elektrode ignitor dan generator plasma cukup baik jika digunakan sebagai sistem sumber elektron katode plasma.
SINTESIS DAN SERTIFIKASI BAHAN ACUAN BERSERTIFIKAT (CRM) ZIRKONIA HASIL OLAH PASIR ZIRKON
Authors: Sajima Samin, Supriyanto C,
Published: August 2017

ABSTRAK SINTESIS DAN SERTIFIKASI BAHAN ACUAN BERSERTIFIKAT (CRM) ZIRKONIA HASIL OLAH PASIR ZIRKON. Sintesis dan sertifikasi bahan acuan bersertifikat (CRM) zirkonia hasil olah pasir zirkon perlu dilakukan untuk mendukung kegiatan pilot plant pembuatan zirkonia di PSTA-BATAN. Sintesis dan sertifikasi CRM zirkonia dilakukan menggunakan  bahan baku zirkonium oksid klorida hasil olah pasir zirkon Kalimantan. Zirkonium oksid klorida  dilarutkan dengan aquadest (1:10), ditambah ammonia pada pH 10, maka terbentuk endapan zirkonium hidroksida. Zirkonium hidroksida  dipanaskan pada suhu 110 oC dan dilakukan kalsinasi  pada suhu 900 oC, sehingga diperoleh zirkonia. Zirkonia dikeringkan pada suhu 110 oC, digerus dan diayak sampai diperoleh ukuran butir lolos 200 mesh. Serbuk zirkonia dihomogenkan, kemudian dilakukan uji homogenasi, uji stabilisasi, uji karakterisasi dan uji kadar air. Pada evaluasi data diperoleh kandidat CRM zirkonia sudah homogen, stabil,.mengandung mineral baddeleyite yang monoklin dan kadar air lebih kecil 1 %. Disimpulkan serbuk zirkonia sudah memenuhi syarat fisik sebagai CRM. Sertifikat hasil uji parameter dalam CRM zirkonia dari 7 laboratorium terakreditasi dengan metode statistik diperoleh 9 oksida, adalah ZrO2 : (95,422± 0,027) % ; HfO2 : (1,443 ± 0,004)  % ; SiO2 : (0,535 ±  0,002) % ; Al2O3 : (0,362 ±  0,012) %; Fe2O3 : (0,028 ±  0,003) % ; TiO2 : (0,026 ±  0,001) %;  Na2O : (0,262 ±  0,026) %;  Nd2O3 :  (0,0367±  0,007) %; CeO2 : (0,131 ±  0,013) %. Sertifikasi ini tertelusur ke BCS-CRM No. 358 zirconia buatan BAS-Perancis.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Hidrogel Superabsorben Berbasis Asam Akrilat Hasil Iradiasi Gamma
Authors: Erizal Erizal , Lana Marisa , A.K. R. Setyo , Abbas Basril
Published: August 2017

Dalam kerangka mendapatkan hidrogel dengan kemampuan menyerap airyang relatif tinggi, telah dilakukan sintesis hidrogel superabsorben (HSA) berbasis asam akrilatmenggunakan teknik radiasi. Satu seri larutan asam akrilat dengan derajat netralisasi (Dn) 0;0,20; 0,40; 0,60; 0,80 dan 1 masing-masing diiradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis10 kGy (lajudosis 5 kGy/j). Pengaruh derajat netralisasi terhadap nisbah pengembung hidrogel dipelajari.Sifat termal hidrogel diukur menggunakan Differential scanning calorymetry (DSC). Perubahanstruktur kimia hidrogel diukur menggunakan Fourier transform infra red (FTIR), dan morfologihidrogel diobservasi menggunakan Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hasil eveluasimenunjukan bahwa pada kondisi optimum (Dn=0,80, 10 kGy, 20 menit), hidrogelmenunjukkan kemampuan menyerap air yang relatif tinggi (~600 g/g). Hasil pengukuranDSC mengkonfirmasi kemungkinan terbentuknya jenis produk akhir hasil iradiasi asamakrilat. Spektra FTIR menunjang bahwa reaksi polimerisasi asam akrilat melalui ikatanrangkap dua dalam struktur molekul asam akrilat. Hasil pengujian SEM menunjukkan bahwahidtogel berpori ukuran makro.Kata kunci : Hidrogel, superabsorben, asam akrilat, irradiasi, derajat netralisasi.
Perbaikan Genetik Kultivar Padi Beras Hitam Lokal Sumatera Barat Melalui Mutasi Induksi
Authors: Warman Benny , Sobrizal Sobrizal , Suliansyah Irfan , Swasti Etti , Syarif Auzar
Published: August 2017

Kultivar padi beras hitam merupakan padi lokal yang berasal dari Pasaman Timur yang memiliki umur panjang dan tinggi tanamannya terlalu tinggi.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak Maret 2012 sampai Maret 2013 bertujuan untuk memperbaiki genetik padi beras hitam lokal Sumatera Barat khususnya terkait umur tanaman agar lebih genjah melalui pemuliaan mutasi.  Untuk mendapatkan dosis optimum, benih padi beras hitam diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma 60Co dosis 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 dan 500 Gy di Pusat Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi-Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (PAIR – BATAN), Jakarta. Dari hasil pengamatan persentase kecambah, tinggi tanaman dan panjang akar pada fase pembibitan, dan persentase kehampaan gabah M1 diperoleh dosis iradiasi 200 - 300 Gy merupakan dosis yang efektif dalam menghasilkan keragaman genetik.  Hal ini juga terlihat pada populasi M2 hasil iradiasi 200 Gy menghasilkan keragaman genetik yang luas pada variabel karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif dan umur tanaman. Dari hasil seleksi yang dilakukan pada populasi M2 diperoleh kandidat mutan genjah sebanyak 81 kandidat dengan frekuensi mutasi sebesar 0.08 %.  Tanaman genjah terseleksi tentu akan sangat berguna sebagai bahan tanaman awal dalam perbaikan varietas padi beras hitam di masa yang akan datang. Kata kunci : Padi beras hitam, mutasi induksi, genjah.
Evaluasi In Vitro Silase Sinambung Sorgum Varietas Samurai 2 yang Mengandung Probiotic BIOS K2 dalam Cairan Rumen Kerbau
Authors: Imanda Shafa , Effendi Yunus , Sihono Sihono , Sugoro Irawan
Published: August 2017

Evaluasi In Vitro Silase Sinambung Sorgum Varietas Samurai 2 yang Mengandung Probiotik BIOS K2 dalam Cairan Rumen Kerbau. Kebutuhan pakan hijauan ternak ruminansia dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya dengan pembuatan silase. Salah satu teknik silase yang dikembangkan adalah silase sinambung, yaitu suatu teknologi modifikasi pembuatan silase dengan waktu fermentasi yang lebih singkat akibat pemberian bibit silase pada saat awal pembuatannya. Peningkatan kualitas silase dapat dilakukan dengan menambah suplemen berupa probiotik seperti BIOS K2. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pakan silase sinambung hijauan sorghum varietas Samurai 2 yang mengandung probiotik BIOS K2. Evaluasi pakan dilakukan dengan metode in vitro Hohenheim gas test menggunakan inokulum cairan rumen dari kerbau berfistula yang diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 390C. Perlakuan terdiri dari pakan A (silase sorgum 21 hari), B (silase sinambung sorghum 3 hari), dan C (silase sinambung sorgum 7 hari). Parameter yang diuji adalah konsentrasi amonia, volatile fatty acids (VFA), sintesis protein mikroba (bakteri dan protozoa), degradasi bahan organik (%DBO), konsentrasi gas karbondioksida (CO2) dan metana (CH4). Data hasil perlakuan dianalisis dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan perlakuan pakan terhadap konsentrasi amonia, konsentrasi VFA, sintesis protein mikroba dan %DBO, sedangkan untuk konsentrasi gas CO2 dan CH4 tidak ada pengaruh. Perlakuan pakan C menghasilkan konsentrasi amonia, VFA dan sintesis protein bakteri berturut-turut sebesar 0,44 mg/ml; 0,89 mg/ml; dan 5,18 mg/ml/jam, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan A dan B. %DBO tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan A sebesar 47,30%, sedangkan B dan C sebesar 25,18 dan 37,15%. Sintesis protein mikroba protozoa tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan A dan B sebesar 2,62 mg/ml/jam, sedangkan perlakuan C sebesar 2,55 mg/ml/jam. Disimpulkan dari percobaan ini bahwa pakan silase sinambung sorgum varitetas Samurai 2 dengan lama inkubasi selama 7 hari (C) memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan silase sorgum yang diinkubasi 21 hari (A).
Pemuliaan Mutasi Tanaman Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Menggunakan Iradiasi Gamma untuk Perbaikan Varietas Nanas Smooth Cayenne
Authors: Human, M.Sc Prof. Dr. Soeranto , Loekito S. , Trilaksono M. , Syaifudin A.
Published: August 2017

Pemuliaan Mutasi Tanaman Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Menggunakan Iradiasi Gamma untuk Perbaikan Varietas Smooth Cayenne. Pada saat ini, jenis nanas yang paling banyak dibudidayakan dalam berbagai perdagangan dunia adalah jenis Smooth Cayenne. Banyak klon yang berasal dari kultivar ini seperti GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5, dan F180 ditanam oleh GGP baik untuk buahsegar dan olahan. GGPC mulai melakukan usaha perbaikan varietas nanas sejak tahun 1986, yaitu dengan tujuan meningkatkan kualitas dan produksi yang tinggi. Pemuliaan mutasi nanas dimulai pada tahun 2006, yaitu melalui kerjasama dengan Pusat Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi (PAIR), Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (BATAN). Sejumlah 10 mahkota (crown) nanas berasal dari GP2, GP3 (A10) dan klon F180 diiradiasi sinar gamma bersumber Cobalt-60 terpasang pada iradiator gamma chamber 4000A dengan dosis 200 dan 300 Gy. Crown yang telah diradiasi kemudian ditanam di lahan percobaan dengan mengikuti budidaya standar komersial di PT. GGPC. Secara umum hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua dosis iradiasi (200 dan 300 Gy) pada fenotipe tanaman. Namun, keragaman fenotipe yang sangat tinggi dijumpai pada klon turunan tanaman vegetatif (V1). Beberapa variasi tanaman yang muncul tercatat sebagai berikut: 47% tanaman normal, 15% Rosset, 11% berduri, 5% crown bercabang, 4% tanaman memiliki banyak daun dan 18% buah berbentuk abnormal. Variasi mutan yang signifikan juga diamati pada klon-lon turunan tanaman V2 dan beberapa mutan tampak lebih stabil pada generasi V3. Program pemuliaan nanas ini akan terus dilanjutkan untuk evaluasi yang berkaitan dengan perbaikan produktivitas, kualitas, dan ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit tertentu.
Keseragaman Dalam Galur dan Keragaman Antar Galur Padi Mutan M5 Berbasis Iradiasi Varietas Lokal Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Wahdah Raihani , Rusmayadi Gusti , Zulhidiani Rahmi
Published: August 2017

Keseragaman dalam Galur dan Keragaman antar Galur Padi Mutan M5 Berbasis Irradiasi Varietas Lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Preferensi petani lahan rawa terhadap padi varietas lokal tinggi, namun varietas lokal berumur panjang dan hasilnya rendah, sehingga perlu perbaikan varietas lokal.  Penelitian ini merupakan bagian kegiatan perbaikan padi varietas lokal untuk menghasilkan galur-galur harapan berumur pendek-sedang, sedangkan butir gabah yang ramping dan pera tetap dipertahankan.   Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keseragaman dalam galur  dan keragaman antar galur M5.  Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sawah Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat sejak Maret - September 2014. Penelitian menggunakan 300 galur terpilih tanpa ulangan.  Keseragaman dalam galur dianalisis dengan membandingkan ragam masing-masing galur mutan  dengan ragam tetuanya.  Keragaman antar galur dilakukan dengan membandingkan ragam semua galur  dengan tetuanya.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar galur M5 asal tetua Siam Harli dan Siam Kuatek  sudah seragam, sedangkan ragam galur tetua Siam Harli dan Siam Kuatek tidak berbeda nyata dengan galur-galur M5, tetapi  sebagian galur tetua asal Siam Harli maupun Siam Kuatek lebih baik  daripada tetuanya, sehingga berpeluang untuk memilih galur-galur yang lebih baik daripada tetuanya.
Aplikasi Isotop Alam untuk Pendugaan Daerah Resapan Air Bagi Mataair Di Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Siftianida Iffatul Izza , Wijatna Agus Budhie , Pratikno Bungkus
Published: August 2017

Mataair sebagai sumber airtanah di Kecamatan Cijeruk dimanfaatkan oleh warga sekitar maupun perusahaan air. Pemanfaatan air yang berlebihan menyebabkan terjadinya kekeringan air selama musim kemarau. Perlu adanya konservasi pada daerah resapan air bagi mataair di Kecamatan Cijeruk untuk menjaga ketersediaan air di mataair agar mencukupi permintaan air. Penentuan titik lokasi daerah resapan dan analisis kimia airtanah perlu dilakukan untuk memberi informasi yang diperlukan dalam pelaksanaan konservasi pada daerah resapan mataair. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menentukan asal usul dan genesis airtanah, (2) menentukan daerah resapan air bagi mataair, (3) mengetahui fasies airtanah, dan (4) mengetahui kualitas airtanah.Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Kecamatan Cijeruk, dengan mengambil sampel airtanah yang berasal dari 10 lokasi sumber mataair yang digunakan oleh perusahaan air dan warga pada bulan Mei 2015. Rasio isotop D dan  pada sampel air diukur dengan liquid water stable isotope analyzer LGR DLT-100 untuk menentukan genesis airtanah dan daerah resapan mataair. Analisis hidrokimia untuk mengetahui fasies dan kualitas airtanah. Parameter kimia yang digunakan adalah pH, Daya Hantar Listrik (DHL), Total dissolved Solid (TDS), dan ion mayor.Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (a) mataair berasal dari beberapa sumber yaitu air hujan dan airtanah, (b) daerah resapan CJR01, CJR02, CJR03, dan CJR04 berada pada elevasi 1988 – 2055 m.dpl, (c) daerah resapan CJR06 dan CJR09 pada elevasi 1379 – 1430 m.dpl, (d) daerah resapan mataair CJR07 dan CJR08 pada elevasi 811 – 836 m.dpl, (e) daerah resapan CJR05, dan CJR10 masing – masing berada pada elevasi 1475 mdpl, dan 1932 m.dpl, (f) fasies airtanah tergolong dalam fasies Mg-HCO3 (magnesium bikarbonat), dan (g) kualitas airtanah merupakan air tawar segar (fresh water).Kata kunci: deuterium, oksigen-18, resapan air, fasies, kualitas, airtanah.