bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamisasi Ilmu Pengetahuan: Pergulatan Pemikiran Cendekiawan Kontemporer
Authors: Hilmi Mustofa
Published: December 2020

The debate of experts regarding the perspective of science in Islam is still ongoing. The paradigm of the islamization of science emerged due to the feeling of the Muslims backwardness from advanced Western civilization. This study aims to elaborate on various views of Muslim scholars on the concept of islamization of science. Employing a literature study using descriptive qualitative research, this study indicates that some religious experts assume that there should be no dichotomy between religious and science in general. Religion must be the foundation of every science because they believe that everything, including science, is sourced from Allah. In essence, there is no separation between religion and every scientific discipline. But the Western thinkers have other views that they focus on the development of science in a positive-empirical aspect. The object of knowledge must be observable. They do not recognize the source and method of development of science in which Muslims use the senses, reason, and intuition. The author argues that somebody must support the idea of the islamization of science to restore knowledge according to its nature. The advancement of modern science must lead a Muslim to increase faith in Allah.

Perdebatan para pakar mengenai cara pandang konsep ilmu pengetahuan dalam Islam masih belum berakhir. Paradigma islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan muncul di tengah kondisi tertinggalnya umat Islam dari peradaban Barat yang sudah maju. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi berbagai pandangan cendekiawan kontemporer tentang konsep islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan. Kajian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa agamawan menganggap tidak boleh ada dikotomi antara ilmu pengetahuan agama dan umum. Agama harus menjadi landasan setiap ilmu pengetahuan yang ada karena mereka meyakini bahwa segala sesuatu yang ada termasuk ilmu pengetahuan adalah bersumber dari Allah Swt., sehingga pada hakikatnya tidak ada sekularisme antara agama dengan setiap cabang disiplin ilmu pengetahuan. Namun para pemikir Barat memiliki tinjauan lain. Mereka hanya menitikberatkan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan secara positif-empiris. Objek pengetahuan harus dapat diobservasi. Mereka tidak mengakui sumber dan metode pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan muslim yang menggunakan panca indra, akal, dan intuisi. Penulis berpendapat gagasan islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan ini harus didukung sebagai upaya mengembalikan ilmu sesuai fitrahnya. Kemajuan sains modern harus mengantarkan umat manusia pada peningkatan iman kepada Allah Swt.
ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF MOBILE MORTAR SYSTEMS OF MODERN ARMIES OF THE WORLD IN COMPARISON WITH MOBILE MORTAR SYSTEMS OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTION
Authors: Veklenko Y. , Rudnyk M. , Korzun K.
Published: December 2020

The article compares the tactical and technical characteristics, combat capabilities of mobile mortar systems of world‟s leading armies with the domestic development of a mobile mortar complex. The domestic defense-industrial complex in cooperation with foreign representatives have developed a new model of mobile mortar complex Bars- 8MMK in which modern technologies for combat use, complex fire for effect based on the integration of intelligence have been implemented. The mortar system is mounted on the chassis of a specialized armored vehicle Bars-8 with a mobile mortar system "ALAKRAN UKR-MMS"; on-board electronic computer provides control of the mortar system in an automated mode - from receiving a command via code calling to automatic guidance of the mortar horizontally and vertically, resumption of guidance after each shot, the issuance of commands and prompts for indicators to mortar crew members, automatic control of guidance. There is a system of automatic alignment and orientation with the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the height of its own position not more than 1-3 m, and the accuracy of determining the direction angle of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle not more than 0-03. GPS system automatically and continuously determines the current rectangular coordinates, the height of the station point and the direction angle of the vehicle axis both in motion and in a stable position, as well as outputs to external devices measured values of orientation and exact time navigation parameters. There is also meteorological system that constantly records data on weather conditions in real time and transmits them to automated fire-control system for the subsequent calculation of firing data. Integrally, the system meets modern operational and strategic requirements. It is also capable of operating under high sustainable conditions, technological in production and repair; provides resistance to the impacts of existing and prospective advanced weapons systems, including those based on new physical principles.
Dialog Pemikiran Tentang Norma Riba, Bunga Bank, Dan Bagi Hasil Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Ahyani Hisam , Muharir
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK -Penelitian ini bertujuan pertama, untuk mengetahui Konsep Norma dalam Norma Riba, Bunga Bank, dan Bagi Hasil di Kalangan Ulama di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Kedua, untuk mengetahui perbandingan antara sistem bagi hasil pada perbankan syari’ah dengan sistem bunga pada perbankan konvensional perspektif Ulama dulu dan sekarang di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Ketiga, untuk mengetahui Dampak Bunga Bank (Riba) terhadap Perekonomian Negara di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori penelitian hukum yang bersifat normatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, dengan metodologi penelitian kualitatif, menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan historis, pendekatan komparatif dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa Norma Riba dalam Ekonomi Islam merupakan masalah khilafiyah begitupun hukum Bunga Bank pada prinsipnya saling toleransi dan saling menghormati serta menghargai antar pendapat harus dikedepankan. Sebab, masing-masing kelompok ulama telah mencurahkan tenaga dalam berijtihad menemukan hukum masalah tersebut, dan pada akhirnya pendapat mereka tetap berbeda. Norma bagi hasil dalam Ekonomi Islam suatu langkah inovatif dalam ekonomi Islam yang tidak hanya sesuai dengan perilaku masyarakat, namun lebih dari itu bagi hasil merupakan suatu langkah keseimbangan sosial dalam memperoleh kesempatan ekonomi. Dengan demikian, sistem bagi hasil dapat dipandang sebagai langkah yang lebih efektif untuk mencegah terjainya konflik kesenjangan antara yang kaya dan si miskin di dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Dampak Bunga Bank (Riba) terhadap Perekonomian Negara diantaranya berdampak dari terhadap beberapa sector diantaranya Dampak Ekonomi, Semakin tinggi suku bunga, semakin tinggi pula harga yang akan ditetapkan pada suatu barang. Dampak Sosial Kemasyarakatan, dampak social masyarakat terkait Riba dalam hal pendapatan yang didapatkan secara tidak adil. Dampak Ketahanan Perusahaan, hanya perusahaan yang punya daya ketahananlah yang akan tetap bertahan.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Masyarakat Muslim Menggunakan Jasa "Bank Emok" Di Desa Cilalawi Kecamatan Sukatani Kabupaten Purwakarta
Authors: Anggraeni Lisa Dewi , Cahyo Sucipto Moch. , Rohmat Siti
Published: December 2020

Masyarakat Desa Cilalawi Kecamatan Sukatani Kabupaten Purwakarta selama ini memanfaatkan pinjaman Bank Emok hanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumtif, karena dengan pekerjaan mereka yang penghasilannya tidak menentu belum bisa memenuhi kebutuhan atau keperluannya dengan cepat. Dengan berhutang mereka bisa memenuhi tersebut dan mencicil hutangnya dari hasil kerja mereka. Namun tidak sedikit juga masyarakat memanfaatkan hutangnya untuk hal yang bersifat produktif, yaitu untuk menjadikannya modal usaha. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui antusiasme masyarakat muslim di Desa Cilalawi Desa Cilalawi Kecamatan Sukatani Kabupaten Purwakarta terhadap keberadaan “Bank Emok”. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi masyarakat muslim di Desa Cilalawi Kecamatan Sukatani Kabupaten Purwakarta menggunakan jasa “Bank Emok”.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui pendekatan kualitatif, dimana pendekatan kualitatif disebut juga dengan pendekatan naturalistik. Disebut kualitatif karena sifat data yang dikumpulkan bercorak kualitatif, bukan kuantitatif, karena tidak menggunakan alat-alat pengukur. Sedangkan disebut naturalistik karena situasi lapangan penelitian bersifat natural atau wajar, sebagaimana adanya, tanpa dimanipulasi, dan tanpa diatur dengan eksperimen atau tes. Penelitian naturalistik melihat situasi nyata yang berubah secara alamiah, terbuka, tidak ada rekayasa pengontrolan variabel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari Dokumentasi, wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antusiasme masyarakat dalam menggunakan jasa Bank Emok cukup besar. Rata-rata dalam satu Bank Emok memiliki jumlah nasabah lebih dari sepuluh orang bahkan ada yang sampai 40 orang. Antusiasme masyarakat juga terlihat dari jumlah Bank Emok yang dipinjam. Sebagian besar masyarakat  meminjam lebih dari satu Bank Emok bahkan ada yang sampai empat Bank Emok sekaligus. Masyarakat Desa Cilalawi menggunakan jasa Bank Emok dipengaruhi faktor internal yang meliputi pribadi seperti usia, situasi ekonomi, pekerjaan, gaya hidup dan psikologis seperti motivasi, persepsi dan sikap masyarakat. Faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi masyarakat Desa Cilalawi dalam menggunakan jasa Bank Emok adalah budaya, sosial, dan pemasaran.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Akad Murabahah Pada Pembiayaan Mikro di Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang.
Authors: Latipurohmah Fuji , Cahyo Sucipto Moch. , Nurhayati Rina
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini membahas tentang Analisis Pelaksanaan Akad Murabahah Pada Pembiayaan Mikro di Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang. Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah, STIES Syariah Indonesia Purwakarta, 1441 H/2019 M. Pembiayaan mikro adalah pembiayaan bank kepada nasabah perorangan atau badan usaha yang bergerak di bidang UMKM untuk membiayai kebutuhan usahanya melalui pembiayaan modal kerja atau pembiayaan investasi. Akad murabahah adalah  penyedian dana atau tagihan yang yang dapat dipersamakan dengan itu untuk transaksi jual beli barang sebesar harga pokok ditambah margin berdasarkan persetujuan atau kesepakatan antara Bank dengan nasabah yang mewajibkan nasabah untuk melunasi hutang/kewajibannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada pembiayaan mikro di Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang. Dan untuk mengetahui analisis pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada pembiayaan mikro di Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang meneliti tentang pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada pembiayaan mikro di Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang. Data penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui angket, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode analisi deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan akad murabahah pada pembiayaan mikro yakni secara teori akad murabahah yang dilakukan oleh Bank BRI Syariah Kcp Subang dalam melakukan pembiayaan mikro dapat dikatakan syariah apabila melakukan akad wakalah terlebih dahulu baru melakukan akad murabahah setelah barang yang dimaksud sudah menjadi milik bank. Kemudian pihak Bank menjualnya kepada nasabah ditambah margin keuntungan untuk dibayar nasabah pada jangka waktu tertentu, sesuai dengan kesepakatan awal.
On the taxonomy of Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854 (Cossidae, Zeuzerinae) species complex with description of a new genus and three new species
Authors: Yakovlev Roman V.
Published: December 2020

The article contains the description of a new genus, Davidlivingstonia Yakovlev, gen. nov. (Type species Zeuzera boisduvalii Herrich-Schäffer, 1854) and three new species: D. staudei Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Zambia: Samfia, Mukushi, reg. Liubwe), D. prozorovi Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Congo Belge, Congo River), and D. lenzi Yakovlev, spec. nov. (Type locality: Zambia: Ndole Bay, shores of the Lake Tanganyika). The new combination Davidlivingstonia boisduvalii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854), comb. nov. is established. New records of D. boisduvalii for Benin, Burkina Faso, and Togo are provided. The article is illustrated with 25 figures of adults, male and female genitalia and distribution maps
A new species of Agdistis Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) from Tajikistan
Authors: Ustjuzhanin Petr , Kovtunovich Vasily , Streltzov Alexander
Published: December 2020

The article describes a new species from Tajikistan, Agdistis paki Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. nov.
O Impacto do trabalho por turnos na saúde dos enfermeiros: revisão integrativa
Authors: Bamonde João , Pinto Cristiano , Santos Pedro , Couto Germano
Published: December 2020

Enquadramento: o trabalho dos enfermeiros, pela sua natureza e conteúdo integra as dimensões física e emocional, apresentando entre outros fatores de risco, a exposição a turnos, que são frequentemente rotativos e noturnos. Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do trabalho por turnos na saúde dos enfermeiros. Metodologia: no período temporal entre 21-02-2020 e 28-02-2020 realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura através da pesquisa nas bases de dados MEDLINE e CINAHL, tendo sido selecionados artigos publicados até fevereiro de 2020. Foram selecionados artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos que retratassem o desempenho dos enfermeiros num contexto de trabalho por turnos e avaliassem o impacto na sua saúde. Resultados: as principais alterações detetadas com o trabalho por turnos no desempenho dos enfermeiros foram as alterações do sono, da sua saúde mental, do seu metabolismo e da própria satisfação profissional. Identificaram-se relações estatisticamente significativas (p <0,05) entre horário de trabalho por turnos e depressão, Burnout, qualidade do sono, assim como uma elevada prevalência de perturbação do trabalho por turnos nos enfermeiros. Conclusão: os enfermeiros que trabalham por turnos rotativos noturnos têm maior probabilidade de ter problemas de sono, fadiga, depressão e Burnout, quando comparados com os que têm um horário regular diurno.
Friction and Wear Mechanisms of Cu/ta-C Coatings Under PAO-4 and PAO-4 with MoDTC Lubrication
Authors: Binjua Decelyne Elly , Kim Seock-Sam , Jang Young-Jun , Kim Jong-Kuk
Published: December 2020

The tribological behavior of various types of DLC coatings in formulated and non-formulated lubricants are needed for proper usage of these coatings. In this research, the friction and wear mechanism of four different DLC coatings in poly-alpha-olefin type 4 (PAO-4) with and without MoDTC were investigated using ball-on-disc tribometer. One ta-C (tetrahedral amorphous carbon) and three Cu/ta-C (copper doped ta-C) with different sputter power of 50 W, 150 W, and 200 W coatings were deposited on silicon wafers by using FCVA (filtered cathodic vacuum arc) technique for this research. The results indicate that ta-C coating on silicon wafer has the lowest average friction coefficient (CoF) and better wear resistance than Cu/ta-C coating when lubricated under PAO-4 oil with MoDTC. Cu/ta-C with sputter powers of 150 W and 200 W exhibited the highest average friction coefficient under PAO-4 oil with MoDTC. Meanwhile, the average CoF for all samples were similar under PAO-4 base oil. In terms of wear, ta-C coating showed the highest wear rate under PAO-4 base oil then followed by Cu/ta-C with sputter power of 50 W. Nonetheless, Cu/ta-C with sputter powers of 150 W and 200 W exhibited significantly low wear rate under PAO-4 base oil compared to PAO-4 oil with MoDTC.
Language, Culture, Migration, and Conflicts: Projection into Economic Field
Authors: Butaeva Kristina , Weber Shlomo , Davydov Denis
Published: December 2020

We consider a description and analysis of linguistic, ethnic, cultural heterogeneity issues, with an emphasis on the economic and social consequences of the resulting conflicts. We focus on language, ethnic and cultural differences influence on the processes of emergence, or increase of the potential conflicts in the context of social and economic dimensions. We also take into account income inequality and migration, as the most important factors influencing the dynamics of these processes. The approaches to the theoretical description and empirical evaluation are based on basic economic criteria, which allows to achieve a more complete and accurate description of the studied complex social processes. We pay special attention to the case studies reflecting the peculiarities of the studied heterogeneity issues.
Econometric Assessment of Monetary Policy Impact on the Dynamics of the Russian Stock Market
Authors: Kartaev Filipp , Kozlova Natalia
Published: December 2020

The article provides the analysis of the impact of monetary policy shock generated by the Bank of Russia on the Russian stock market yield dynamics. We have estimated the features and duration of the effect using SVAR models and monthly data for the period from 2005 to 2013. We examine a wide range of proxies for the monetary conditions: the key interest rate, monetary aggregate M2, the refinancing rate and the interbank lending rate.
Methodological Landscape of the History of Economic Thought: New Historiographical Alternatives and Opportunities
Authors: Maltsev Alexandr
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the analyses of the modern history of economic thought methodology. The study traces the causes, which led to the loss of dominance of the proponents of absolutist interpretation of the history of economic thought in historiography. The factors that led to the expansion of the methodological arsenal used by the historians of economic thought at the turn of XX–XXI centuries are determined. The author attempts to systematize the content of the key approaches to the study of the history of economic thought. The article reveals the main advantages and disadvantages of the most widespread present time methodological principles of studying the history of economic thought and examines the prospects to achieve historiographical consensus.
Anticompetitive Agreements (2008–2010): Errors of 1 Type in Russian Enforcement
Authors: Makarov Andrey
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the antitrust enforcement practice in Russia (2008–2010) in the area of competition restricting agreements (horizontal and vertical). The analysis is based on courts decisions database (litigations with the Russian competition authority - FAS). Database contains 242 cases, including 139 horizontal agreements, 103 vertical and mixed agreements. On the basis of this database we have analyzed important features of the interpretation and implementation of the competition law in Russian practice, priority areas of the enforcement. We considered the antitrust policy taking into account the risks of errors of 1 and 2 types, including the problem of the flexibility of prohibitions (PER SE vs RULE OF REASON), standards of proof, consistency of enforcement, etc.
Marketing Metrics Usage by Russian FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) Companies
Authors: Rebiazina Vera , Daviy Anna , Karlova Yana
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to identify the characteristics of marketing metrics usage by Russian FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) companies. The article provides the definition of «marketing metrics» concept, examines the theoretical aspects of marketing metrics and develops their classification. The author analyzes the basic concepts of marketing assessment and approaches to the classification of marketing metrics. The empirical research is based on a mixed strategy approach. Two stages of in-depth interviews were fulfilled to investigate the marketing metrics usage by Russian FMCG companies. Drawing on the results of the empirical research, characteristics of the marketing metrics usage by Russian FMCG companies are identified: those related to specific metrics and those related to the organization of the evaluation process of marketing activity in companies. The results of the research not only expand the theoretical framework of marketing metrics in Russian FMCG market, but also can be used by the Russian FMCG companies to improve the systems of marketing activity assessment based on marketing metrics usage.
Feudal Land Ownership Issues in the Economic History Course
Authors: Pisemsky Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The article examines the understanding of feudal land ownership as a fundamental institution of a feudal society. Drawing on the results of medieval studies in Russia we indicate the specific features of feudal property necessary for the retention by students. On this basis we provide the general definition of the bourgeois agrarian revolution and identify its different types. Finally, we consider the presence of classical signs of feudal property relations in agrarian Russia till 1861.
Realistic and Credible Aspect of Economic Models: Methodological Issues
Authors: Kovalevskaya Marina
Published: December 2020

The article addresses the methodological problems of economics related to realistic and credible aspect of economic models and concepts and looking for possible solutions. The subject of the study presented in this article is evolution of the economic concepts taken by economists to justify their position on the issue of economics faithfulness, their main arguments for and against using realistic assumption in economic theory. We consider the transformation in economics issue before and after financial crises and discuss future of neuroeconomics as tool for overcoming the fundamental methodological problem in economics relating to using realistic assumptions and the quality of economic theory’s predictions. The article is of interest to researchers in methodology of economics, and for a wide range of readers interested in the development prospects of economics.
Defending Competition and Promoting Sustainable Development: Possibilities for Harmonization
Authors: Pavlova Natalia , Baoulina Anastasiya , Shastitko Andrey
Published: December 2020

The compatibility between the priorities of industrial policy, aimed at promoting sustainable development, and competition defense by means of antitrust law remains a question open for discussion. The paper demonstrates that it is the institutional environment that defines which characteristics of ecological externalities influence the possibility of accounting for these externalities by market players and regulators in the specific case of cooperation agreements between competitors. It is shown that positive externalities having the characteristics of public goods may be taken into account only in a limited way, which can lead to type I errors by antitrust authorities when determining the legality of horizontal agreements.
The Political Economy of Antoine De Montchretien (Toward the 400th Anniversary of «Traicté de l’économie politique»)
Authors: Sloudkovskaya Maya
Published: December 2020

A. de Montchretien is known mainly by the fact that in 1615 coined the term «political economy», which became the name of science. The purpose of this publication is to consider what the author puts in this concept. At this angle the first time in the domestic literature was analyzed «Treatise on political economy» by A. de Montchretien (used the publication of 1889 in the edition T. Funk-Brentano). The article shows that Montchretien uses the phrase «political economy» for the presentation of a set of rules of economic activity across the state. The ideal of Montchretien – economically active people, honest and hardworking and the country, similar to a well-managed company. In his treatise the author tries to answer the main questions of political economy – what is national wealth, where is its source and what are the methods to increase it? An analysis of his book leads to the conclusion that he came to an understanding of wealth as a natural product created by labor. This allows to put Montchretien between mercantilists and economists of the classical school of political economy.
The Neoindustrialization of Russian Economy: Necessity and Possibility (Review of the Roundtable on Neoindustrialization of Russian Economy)
Authors: Zyablyuk Rimma , Titova Nina
Published: December 2020

The article presents an overview of the extended session of the round table devoted to the problem of neoindustrialization of Russian economy conducted by the Problem group «Reproduction and economic growth» (leader doctor of Economics, Professor V. N. Cherkovets) in conjunction with the Center for national economic model of Russia (leader doctor of Economics, Professor V. M. Kuljkov), Centre for economic performance and productive labour (leader doctor of Economics, Professor A. O. Verenikin) of the Department of political economy to Economic faculty of Moscow State University. The discussion was concentrated on the problem of neoindustrialization of the Russian economy, the creation of a system of automated machines, the new (technological) level of the productive forces. New and adequate technology forms of organization and forms of ownership were elaborated. Such changes indicate the transition to a new model (system) of economic development which essential features are a system of vertical integration, inter-industry interaction on the basis of vertically integrated chains of value added production, increasing the efficiency of the economy and its functionning in accordance with the principles of humanistic development.
The Evolution of Approaches towards the Nature of Economic Entity
Authors: Kotliarov Ivan
Published: December 2020

The goal of the present paper is to establish stages of evolution of approaches towards the understanding of nature of the economic entity. Importance of this analysis is based on the fact that both the understanding of this entity and terminology used to describe it has many contradictions. I propose and demonstrate the hypothesis that this evolution includes three stages (the first of them includes a separate substage). It is demonstrated that the economic entity represents now a more large notion than the firm, being rather an operator of non-market commercial transactions. The term «metafirm» is proposed to describe this operator. An example of metafirm is given, differences between the metafirm and the firm and the hybrid are described.
Does Monetary Policy Regime Affect Inflation?
Authors: Kartaev Filipp
Published: December 2020

The article treats long-term impact of monetary policy nominal anchor choice (inflation targeting, exchange rate targeting, money supply targeting) on inflation level in developed and emerging countries. The research was built on panel data for 188 countries, which includes period after the global financial crisis. The results show, that inflation or exchange rate targeting allows to reduce inflation rate in emerging countries, while in developed countries the use of monetary policy nominal anchor does not give additional benefits in inflation control. This difference can be explained by the fact, that nominal anchor implementation in emerging countries enhances public confidence in monetary authority actions to control inflation. Higher confidence decreases inflation expectations and hence inflation. In contrast, central banks of developed countries can stabilize price level without use of nominal anchor due to good reputation.
American Film Industry in World War I Period
Authors: Kovtonyuk Filipp
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the history of economic development of the film industry in the United States during the First World War. The beginning of XX century seems to be a very special stage of cinema development, in particular from the point of the history of national economy, since exactly at this time took place a formation of the world film market, and cinema for the first time was used not only as a commodity but also as an instrument of mass propaganda. The purpose of article is to trace the development of the American film business and its key aspects in the early XX century and during the war, based on the analysis of the relevant literature. Film industry is considered as a system of production, distribution and exhibition of audiovisual products. This article contains the conclusions concerning the global expansion of the US film industry in a specified period. Also substantiated the fact that the middle 1900s became an extremely important period in the development of the American film industry, during which the basics of the classical Hollywood business model were established.
The Impact of Tariff Regulation on Investment in Russian Electricity Distribution Sector
Authors: Orlova Yuliya , Kadreva Olga
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates the mid-term results of the tariff regulation influence on the amount of capital expenditures in Russian electricity distribution sector. We estimate panel data with the dynamic investment model using system GMM method. We showed that horizon of tariff regulation period is statistically significant and transition from the short-term regulation to the long-term tariff system had positive effect on the amount of regulated companies’ investments. At the same time we found that the design of long-term regulation applied in Russia in 2009–2013 (type of RAB-regulation and long-term indexation) was not statistically significant to the amount of investments. All over all, the amount of investments in electricity distribution networks has similar to European peers explanatory factors. The obtained results are important to the further improvement of regulation in power energy and can be applied in district heating as well.
The Impact of Tariff Regulation on Potential Investor’s Decision in District Heating
Authors: Gimadi Viktoriya
Published: December 2020

The paper analyses the ways how long-term tariff regulation impacts on investment decision in district heating in Russia. Concessions in district heating gave us good chance to analyze impact of tariff regulation on the potential concessionaire decision who is choosing between agreements. The empirical analysis shows that potential concessionaire makes such decisions taking into account specific tariff parameters. The probability of attracting potential investor increases because of indicated volume of rate of return or including energy efficiency indicators; the ratio of operating expenses has negative effect on the probability. The growth rates of total revenue indicated for all years of the planned agreement has no effect on the probability. Potential concessionaire prefers to choose agreements, where the volume of investment commitments is lower, because he is not ready to assume ambitious commitments in the district heating in the current system of regulation.
G. Popov’s Scientific School of Management
Authors: Vikhanskiy Oleg
Published: December 2020

The objective of the article is the systematic description of emergence and development at economic faculty of MSU G. H. Popov’s Scientific School of Management. The subject of the article is the dynamics of development of this Scientific School. The methodological basis of the research are author’s personal observations as a participant of the proses of creation of scientific school and analysis of scientific and teaching materials published in 60th–70th of previous century. In the article is show that Scientific School of management of social production was established at economic faculty of Moscow State University in the 70-th of the previous century. During 20 years Scientific School was headed by its founder G. H. Popov. The theoretical statements presented by him in his book «Problems of theory of management» played the role of methodological basis of Popov’s Scientific School. The organizational form of Scientific School there was a Center for the problems of management at Economic faculty of MSU.
Product Boundaries of the Software Market Within the Context of Competition Policy
Authors: Shastitko Andrey , Kurdin Alexandr , Morosanova Anastasiya
Published: December 2020

The article analyses the main features of the intellectual activity results market through the lens of the product boundaries definition. Frequently the pirated copy is not considered as a substitute for original products in legal cases. However, unlicensed computer programs should be included in the product market boundaries regardless of its legal status if the consumer considers them as substitutes. The difference between these types of products (original and pirated) are hidden not in transformation but in transaction characteristics. It is also important to take into consideration the possible complementarity between pirated and original products expressed in the information and network effects. In order to assess the buyers’ choice it is necessary to adjust the methods evaluating product market boundaries prescribed by «The Procedure of market competition analysis» of the Russia’s Federal Antimonopoly Service.
The Stages of Category Management Implementation Process in the Russian FMCG Market
Authors: Sapir Andrey
Published: December 2020

The development of category management practices in the foreign markets has made crucial the study of category management tools as well as their use within the complex structure of the Supplier- Retailer relationship in Russian consumer goods market. The article highlights the meaning of the category in terms of managing retail sales and the process of category management implementation. Using desk research method with the category as a level of analysis, we analyzed 10 business cases of Russian FMCG market representatives. The analysis of existing practices allows to evaluate the applicability of the classical category management implementation model in the domestic market and to identify the most common tools. The results of the study indicate that companies in the domestic market have short-term orientation on the development of the category and implement category tactics without defining the role and the strategy of the category.
The banking sector of Kursk region, its role in developing regional economy
Authors: Sergeeva Viktoriya
Published: December 2020

The article provides the analysis of banking sector functioning in Kursk region. The purpose of the study is to determine the main advantages of regional credit institutions over large banking structures in the regional economy. Drawing on structural and dynamic data analysis, the paper reveals basic trends in developing the banking sector of the region and also determines its role in the local economy. The article examines the role of PJSC Kurskprombank as a sole credit institution in the economy of the region explored. The paper analyzes the credit portfolio of the institution against various criteria in order to determine the specifics of the Bank’s work in the field of issuing loans to customers.
Proton and Hydrogen Transport through Hydrogen Environments: Ionization and Stripping
Authors: Cariatore N. D. , Schultz D. R.
Published: December 2020

Data are presented over a wide range of impact energies describing the ionization or stripping probability, projectile energy loss, and ejected electron and recoiling target energies and angles for proton and hydrogen passage through hydrogen astrophysical environments. These kinematic and reaction data are tabulated at three levels of detail for use in heavy-particle (H+, H) and secondary-electron transport simulations: (1) the integral scattering cross section and average values of the distributions of energy and angle of the particles, (2) the singly differential cross sections as a function of particle energy and angle, and (3) a subset of the many possible doubly differential cross sections as functions of the particle energy and angle chosen to be most relevant to transport simulations.
A percepção de professores de ciências frente aos desafios no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de alunos público alvo da educação especial
Authors: Adams Fernanda Welter
Published: December 2020

O aluno público alvo da educação especial (PAEE) é, assim como qualquer outro, um sujeito de potencialidades e capaz de se desenvolver, portanto, deve ter oportunidades de se apropriar do conteúdo científico referente às Ciências da Natureza. A deficiência é mais do que algo orgânico, é social e, por isso, pode ser compensada por meio do desenvolvimento de caminhos alternativos promovidos através da prática pedagógica do professor, como por exemplo, a adaptação de conteúdo. Mas, os docentes, comumente, consideram essa prática como um desafio. Outrossim, objetiva-se relatar as percepções de futuros professores de Ciências da Natureza frente aos desafios de ensino   para garantir o aprendizado de alunos público alvo da educação especial. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que possui como referencial teórico as concepções de deficiência de Vigotski. Foram sujeitos desta pesquisa 133 graduandos dos dois últimos anos de cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Física e Química, distribuídos em quatro Instituições de Ensino Superior Públicas no Estado de Goiás. Como instrumentos de construção de dados fez-se uso de questionários contendo perguntas tanto abertas como fechadas, respondidas por todos os licenciados participantes e entrevistas semiestruturadas, da qual participaram 19 licenciandos; os dados obtidos foram analisados e estruturados em unidades de significados e posteriormente organizados em categorias emergentes segundo a Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Os resultados demostram que a maioria dos licenciandos dos cursos de Ciências Biológicas, Física e Química, percebem como desafios para garantir o aprendizado dos alunos PAEE, o não conhecimento das especificidades dos alunos e a adaptação do conteúdo científico a ser ministrado, sendo estes resultados da falta de uma formação inicial que discuta a educação especial. Essas concepções levam a conclusão de ser necessário a obrigatoriedade da inclusão de uma disciplina específica que aborde desde a história da educação especial, a legislação, as especificidades das deficiências até a prática de ensino com os alunos PAEE, uma vez que tendo conhecimento sobre a deficiência os futuros professores poderão observar a capacidade de aprendizado dos alunos e se sentirão seguros para promovê-la.
The underground sex life of the Guatemalan Spike-thumb Frog (Plectrohyla guatemalensis)
Authors: González-Mollinedo Sergio , Mármol-Kattán Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Two populations of Plectrohyla guatemalensis from two different sites in Sacatepéquez, Guatemala, were monitored for three consecutive rainy seasons, and noteworthy reproductive behavior was observed. The objective of the surveys was to assess the impact of nearby high-tension power lines, but additional information could be obtained. Our observations that male vocalizations to attract females occurred in the crevices of rocks in streams, inside which females lay eggs, suggest that the species’ reproduction is closely linked to the presence of such crevices. Any clutches were then guarded by the male until hatching. We inferred the existence of male-male competition for gaining control of these reproduction sites building upon previous observations, remarks about the genus and other species with similar patterns, and evidence of such aggression, although we did not directly observe any. Also, with the help of local wardens, we recorded vocalizations in mid-January, extending the previously reported reproductive period for this species. We therefore consider the conservation and restoration of rocky streams with adequate forest coverage to be an important conservation action for this species.
Leukocyte profile of the helmeted manakin, Antilophia galeata (Passeriformes: Pipridae) in a Cerrado forest fragment
Authors: Ribeiro Paulo Vitor Alves , Baesse Camilla Queiroz , Cury Márcia Cristina , de Melo Celine
Published: December 2020

Changes in the amounts and proportions of leukocytes, known as leucocyte profiles, have been documented for several bird species and have been used to measure stress levels in these animals. The present work ascertained the biological and ecological attributes that influence the leukocyte profile ofAntilophia galeata(Lichtenstein, 1823), the helmeted manakin. This species has been deemed useful in ecological studies because it responds to environmental changes. Blood samples drawn from 89 individuals ofA. galeatacaptured in a Cerrado forest fragment were subjected to analysis under optical microscopy to identify and quantify leukocytes and micronuclei. The number of lymphocytes was greater for males, non-reproductive individuals and individuals infected with ticks. None of the leukocyte components differed in relation to age, molting or body condition index. The amount of micronuclei was correlated with values for total leukocytes, H/L ratio, heterophils, basophils and monocytes. The results suggest that reproduction may be an immunosuppressive factor for the species, producing sexual differences in lymphocyte availability. In addition, biomarkers of genotoxic damage (micronuclei) were related to the amount of leukocytes, indicating that individuals may be sensitive to environmental disturbances. Leukocyte profiles can be considered a useful tool for addressing ecological questions that are relevant to the conservation of species in degraded environments.
Perturbation of Image and conjugate duality for vector optimization
Authors: You Manxue , Li Shengjie
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at employing the image space approach to investigate the conjugate duality theory for general constrained vector optimization problems. We introduce the concepts of conjugate map and subdifferential by using two types of maximums. We also construct the conjugate duality problems via a perturbation method. Moreover, the separation condition is proposed by means of vector weak separation functions. Then, it is proved to be a new sufficient condition, which ensures the strong duality theorem. This separation condition is different from the classical regular conditions in the literature. Simultaneously, the application to a nonconvex multi-objective optimization problem is shown to verify our main results.
Analysis of Yacht Performance Under the IOR Rule: The Relationship Between Geometry and Speed Potential
Authors: Boyd S W
Published: December 2020

The International Offshore rule (IOR) provided a handicapping system for racing yacht between 1972 and 1994. During this period great advances in both the materials used in construction and designs specifically to the rule, were made. The popular press discussed, at great length, how loopholes in the rules were exploited to gain a favourable rating. This led to the perception that the exploitation of geometric measurements was leading to boats with poor performance characteristics. This paper aims to address this, firstly through an analysis of the geometric parameters and their evolution through the early part of the IOR era. The paper concludes by undertaking a velocity prediction analysis of a series of boats, a technique that was in its infancy at the time these yachts were designed. The analyses show that the geometric parameters did evolve with time, but not necessarily in line with the understanding behind good performance. Penalties in the rule dictated the direction of design. However, the performance analysis did show that judging yachts based on rated characteristics could lead to misinterpretation, but in general, the performance data aligned reasonably well with assumed performance in specific sailing conditions. The velocity prediction analysis also concluded that the performance of yachts between 1972 and 1981 did increase regardless of the geometric form being dictated by the rules.
Para uma sociologia dos crimes ambientais. Reflexões sobre o caso dos pesticidas em França
Authors: Mucchielli Laurent
Published: December 2020

A questão das catástrofes ambientais e sanitárias, causadas pelas actividades económicas humanas, tem sido cada vez mais divulgada desde os anos 70. Uma sociologia do ambiente e depois uma sociologia do risco desenvolveu-se nos Estados Unidos e depois na Europa. Mas só muito recentemente é que a sociologia do desvio se debruçou sobre estes temas, questionando a existência de práticas criminosas que, por vezes, desempenham um papel importante na perpetuação das ameaças. A sociologia do desvio inspira-se na tradição de investigação sobre a “criminalidade de colarinho branco” iniciada por Edwin Sutherland e, mais precisamente, na investigação sobre a criminalidade empresarial. Este artigo procura contribuir para a constituição e a problematização deste relativamente novo campo de investigação na Europa continental que, aqui, é ilustrado com o exemplo da poluição do solo e da água por pesticidas utilizados maciçamente na agricultura em França.
Auditing in the New Age of Industry 4.0
Authors: Nwachukwu Chijioke E. , Usman Timothy Onechojon , Akhor Sadiq Oshoke , Oladipupo Agboola Omoniyi
Published: December 2020

As the world moves towards a knowledge-based economy, technology is rapidly becoming a necessity. As a result, Industry 4.0 is gradually changing the face of many aspects of human endeavour. From manufacturing to construction and business, data analytics, blockchain, and artificial intelligence, among other things, look promising and may bring a paradigm shift within the accounting profession. This may be significantly drawn towards auditing. While technological changes seem rapid, taking giant strides towards revamping the accounting industry via modern kinds of audit evidence and testing, it is important to tread cautiously in the adoption of technology for auditing. This is because even though technological improvements are useful to achieve speed and accuracy in the audit work, they pose challenges of causing loss of jobs, difficulty in tracing errors, and other potential problems. This paper, therefore, looks at some recent technological development in audit work, and why this aspect of the accounting profession may require further research.
Digital Urban Planning Platforms
Authors: Anttiroiko Ari-Veikko
Published: December 2020

This article discusses platformization and its impact on urban planning. Platformization refers to an increased utilization of platform logic in society. In urban planning, it is manifest in the emergence of digital co-production platforms. They offer a range of genuinely beneficial features—especially digitally-assisted collaborative mapping, ideation, sharing, and analytics—and facilitated integration of citizen input into democratic planning system. As such, they have a potential to develop into a new urban planning model that meets the needs of a complex late modern society.
Knowledge Inferencing Using Artificial Bee Colony and Rough Set for Diagnosis of Hepatitis Disease
Authors: Kauser Ahmed P.  , Acharjya Debi Prasanna
Published: December 2020

Vast volumes of raw data are generated from the digital world each day. Acquiring useful information and chief features from this data is challenging, and it has become a prime area of current research. Another crucial area is knowledge inferencing. Much research has been carried out in both directions. Swarm intelligence is used for feature selection whereas for knowledge inferencing either fuzzy or rough computing is widely used. Hybridization of intelligent and swarm intelligence techniques are booming recently. In this research work, the authors hybridize both artificial bee colony and rough set. At the initial phase, they employ an artificial bee colony to find the chief features. Further, these main features are analyzed using rough set generating rules. The proposed model indeed helps to diagnose a disease carefully. An empirical analysis is carried out on hepatitis dataset. In addition, a comparative study is also presented. The analysis shows the viability of the proposed model.