bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
En el recinto común dedicado a Apolo y Helios (Platón, Lg., 945 b-948 b)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina, Spinassi Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2021

In Laws, 945 b-948 b, Plato introduces the figure of eúthӯnoi or “inspectors” relating them directly to the common cult of Helios and Apollo. In doing so, I argue Plato has intended to connect both Republic and Laws through the Idea of Good. So the divine couple Helios-Apollo would be an author’s wink to his immediate readers, the Academy members, so that they can perceive there a veiled allusion to the most important object of learning: Good (Helios or the Sun), to whom Plato, according to some indirect testimonies, would have identified with “the One” (Apollo). Thus, the old writer of the Laws would keep on showing a genuine interest in Philosophy as an inescapable background in legal matters and the essential basis for his legislation.
Las listas episcopales en Eusebio de Cesarea: entre teología e historia
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Mexico, Flores Colín Miguel Santiago
Published: June 2021

The status quaestionis on the Episcopal Lists of Eusebius of Caesarea has different positions. The complete Episcopal Lists offer specific information which, compared with current systematic studies, show that the historical strictness of the Father of Christian Historiography is directly related with his Theological intention and not disassociated as has been argued. The research contributes with the inclusion of the Church of Caesarea as an example of the Episcopal Lists, along with the Churches of Rome, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria.
El elogio como expresión de agudeza en la universidad novohispana en el siglo XVIII
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Rodríguez Beltrán Joaquín
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to describe the horizon of expectations concerning praise or eulogy as a literary subgenre in New Spain’s 18th century. I tackle its background in European Renaissance, its affiliation with the rhetorical tradition of acumen or acuity, its inclusion in the university practices of New Spain and the controversy that arose because of that. Although not all intellectuals from New Spain decided to add acumen to university eulogies, the tradition of doing so prevailed.
Da verdade aos efeitos de verdade: contribuições das teorias semióticas e do discurso à comunicação em tempos de pós-verdade
Authors: Cardoso Tarcísio De Sá , Pinheiro Lidiane Santos de Lima , Oliver Camila Leite
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho pretende contribuir com a epistemologia da comunicação na era da pós-verdade, a partir de um tensionamento semiótico e discursivo a respeito das noções de verdade e efeito de verdade. Para isso, o presente texto discute dilemas relativos aos signos, aos textos, aos discursos e à formação de sentido, que nos parecem não apenas relevantes para compreender aspectos gerais da relação mídia-sociedade, como também aspectos específicos da relação signo-objeto e da relação signo-interpretante, que constituem as bases da problematização sobre construção de realidade, opinião, crença e percepção sobre verdade. Entendemos que o campo de estudos em comunicação, dado seu lugar de destaque no debate sobre as imbricações entre fake news, mídia digital, opinião pública e política, tem um papel fundamental na sociedade contemporânea, que tanto precisa compreender fenômenos semiótico-discursivos.
Availability of healthcare services as the basis for social protection of population
Authors: Voskolovich Nina
Published: June 2021

Public health protection in modern conditions is one of the main factors of socio-economic development of all countries of the world. Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals requires an urgent solving the problems of universal healthcare coverage. In this regard, it is necessary to monitor the quality and accessibility of health care in two important aspects: health services coverage and financial protection in health care. Based on the materials of sample statistical and sociological surveys, comparative analysis, the article examines the issues of households' satisfaction with the quality and availability of medical services, possibility of using remote medical consultations, and availability of paid medical services. The reasons for dissatisfaction with the quality of health care were identified: dissatisfaction with the work of district doctors, shortage of medical specialists, long waiting time for an appointment. The dependence of the availability of remote medical services on the ability to pay, age composition and place of residence of the population is revealed. This study creates the preconditions for refining the strategy in the field of health protection concerning the issues of financing medical services for certain socially unprotected segments of the population by expanding the compulsory health insurance program for provision of primary health care by non-governmental medical organizations, including use of telemedicine. It is advisable to control the approach to the critical level of financial expenditures of the family budgets of various households on payment for medical services through regular monitoring of the availability of medical services. It is proposed to expand the scope of professional liability insurance for doctors and medical workers, develop professional standards and ethical principles for conducting medical activities. Implementation of the proposed measures will reduce the "catastrophic expenses" from family budgets of households for paying for health care, will contribute to increasing life expectancy of the Russian population and create conditions for economic growth.
Consequences of the 2020–2021 Crisis for Diﬀerent Professional Groups in Russian Society
Authors: Tikhоnova Natalia
Published: June 2021

The economic crisis caused by the pandemic has had a profound impact on the economic situation and the employment of Russians. However the most common among its consequences appeared to be pay cuts and increased workload rather than the transition to telecommuting. The social security of employees has also decreased. Meanwhile certain effects of the crisis were present within different professional groups to varying degrees. Manual workers, especially those employed in the private sector of the economy, were, relatively speaking, more prone to face the most severe consequences. Working Russians’ situation deteriorated parallel to a further decline in their resourcefulness. From this perspective, the working portion of the general population is divided into three groups: high-resource managers and professionals; semi-professionals and ordinary office personnel occupying an intermediate position in terms of their recourses; mostly low-resource and no-resource trade and manual workers. Since the gains on resources in Russia for members of the mass layer of the population are relatively small and tend to decline in all of them, the role of the labor market in the strategies that Russians employ in order to improve their well-being is gradually decreasing, while the spread of passive and non-constructive strategies is growing. The low resourcefulness of the country’s general population also causes universality of means to improve material status among members of different professional groups. At the same time, within the different professional groups individual resourcefulness significantly affects the choice of means for improving material status, or the refusal to take any actions for that purpose. This, taking into account the specifics of the resources possessed by members of different professional groups, ensures their unequal resistance to consequences of the crisis and different effectiveness of their actions when it comes to improving their situation, which leads to the differences between them deepening even further.
Analysis of propulsion units dedicated to test stands for aviation systems
Authors: Siadkowska Ksenia , Czajka Błażej , Ścisłowski Karol , Wendeker Mirosław
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an analysis of selected propulsion units dedicated to test stands for unmanned aircraft systems. It focuses on engines suitable for aircraft with a maximum take-off mass up to 150 kg. The study includes an analysis of propulsion units that can be used to power systems on stationary test stands dedicated to advanced research and measurement of prototype aerospace technologies intended for use in rotorcraft. The analysis of propulsion units shows that electric units are a better choice for powering UAV rotorcraft test stands. Their main advantages include the possibility to simplify the construction of the device by eliminating gears and to mount the motor in a vertical position, simpler power supply, cooling and control systems and the lack of an exhaust system. Additional advantages are undoubtedly lower vibration generation, cheaper and easier operation as well as better comfort.
Ejemplo de privados, aviso para soberanos. La memoria de Elio Sejano en la monarquía de España (1588-1621)
Authors: Quirós Rosado Roberto
Published: June 2021

La imagen clásica de Elio Sejano, prefecto del pretorio romano y favorito del emperador Tiberio, alcanzó la Edad Moderna a través de la obra historiográfica de Cornelio Tácito. Más allá de un recuerdo aséptico, desde finales del siglo XVI se gestó en torno a su figura una doble lectura discursiva sobre los nacientes validos, su formación, la relación establecida con el príncipe, sus límites políticos y el potencial fracaso final. En el presente ensayo se analizará la genealogía de textos surgidos de autores y traductores castellanos, portugueses y genoveses que, con epistemologías diversas e intereses mudables, aprovecharon el «exemplo prodigioso» de Elio Sejano para articular sus propios discursos -negativos- sobre la privanza, fenómeno de poder no institucionalizado que arraigó en gran parte de las monarquías europeas en tiempos de crisis o transición.
La traslación de la imagen a la gran pantalla en 'L’écume des jours': la “paraadaptación”
Authors: Pérez López Patricia
Published: June 2021

Muchos han sido los términos utilizados para hacer referencia a la adaptación cinematográfica en las últimas décadas y muy variadas las definiciones de cada uno de ellos. En obras literarias con rasgos surrealistas como L’écume des jours, de Boris Vian, llevar determinadas imágenes a la gran pantalla hace necesario un replanteamiento de los términos y, quizás, la creación de uno nuevo que englobe todo lo que esa traslación recoge. Para lograr este propósito, este artículo comienza, de manera general, con un análisis de la imagen y de los elementos que la componen, tanto en el cine como en la literatura, y continúa con las distintas acepciones del hecho de llevar una obra literaria al cine. Posteriormente, aplica dicha teoría a la mencionada obra de Boris Vian y a las “adaptaciones” de Charles Belmont y Michel Gondry. Como resultado de todo ello, se expondrá la importancia que tienen los contextos de producción en la creación de cada una de las obras y se propondrá una mención que se considera más apropiada para los casos estudiados.
Reseña de Sommer, John Marcus. 2020. English and French Online Comments. A Text Linguistic Comparison of Popular Science Magazines. Berlin: Peter Lang. pp. 317.
Authors: Alcalde Peñalver Elena
Published: June 2021

This book approaches a linguistic study of the popular sciences magazines National Geographic, Discover, Sciences et Avenir and GEO from a very original perspective, since the author aims to describe the changes within the genre profiles of the magazines and the differences and similarities between their journalistic cultures. More specifically, since nowadays we live in a world in which social networks are playing an increasingly important role in the journalistic field (Jiménez Cano, 2017), the author focuses on the communicative practices of the readers of these magazines in two languages (French and English) and three platforms (Facebook, Twitter and Magazine-Website) in their print and online versions...
A Survey of Nurses’ Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Hospitalized Older Adults
Authors: Shih Ya-Ling , Hsieh Chia-Jung , Li Chia-Yu , Chang Chun-Wei , Hsiao Yu-Ling
Published: June 2021

Aim: To investigate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards older adults in the Taiwanese hospital.Design: A descriptive correctional study.Methods: A survey by random sampling of one teaching hospital for clinical nurses (N=80). The structural scales included demographic details, Palmore’s Facts on Aging Quiz (PFAQ) knowledge scale, and Kogan’s Old People (KOP) attitude scale. Lastly, we used Pearson’s correlation analyses to identify the correlates.Results: The rate of knowledge about aging was low at 55.76%. However, the subjects held more favorable attitudes towards older adults (KOP score was 66.91). We also found that subjects who had better knowledge about aging also had a more positive attitude towards older adults.The results can be used by nursing educators and managers to design courses on gerontology for nurses and nursing students, by providing data that can be utilized in decision-making regarding the effectiveness of nursing care provided to this growing group of older recipients.
VOLTAMETRIA DE VARREDURA LINEAR ANÓDICA EM EFLUENTES CONTAMINADOS COM SULFETO DE HIDROGÊNIO (H2S)
Authors: Ariello Ana Flavia , Bachmann Guimarães Valt Renata , Kaminski Lenzi Marcelo , De Araújo Ponte Haroldo
Published: June 2021

Diante da característica altamente tóxica apresentada pelo sulfeto de hidrogênio, subproduto de diversos processos industriais, a sua remoção de um efluente torna-se indispensável. Assim sendo, avaliou-se o efeito eletroquímico da oxidação de H2S, buscando-se obter a faixa de potencial e o potencial de pico em que ocorrem as reações de oxidação do contaminante. Para tanto, utilizou-se a técnica de voltametria de varredura linear anódica com o emprego de eletrodo de trabalho rotatório de carbono vítreo reticulado. Utilizando-se de uma solução sintética em três concentrações, foram variadas as velocidades de varredura para rotações distintas do eletrodo de trabalho entre os potenciais de -0,5 V (vs. ECS) e 1,0 V (vs. ECS), por meio de um potenciotato/galvanostato acoplado à um computador. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os potenciais, nos quais ocorrem as reações de interesse, ficam próximos a 0,3 V (vs. ECS), o que sugere a presença das mesmas reações para todos os casos analisados. Observou-se nos voltamogramas um aumento proporcional da corrente de pico com a taxa de varredura e concentração, indicando o controle do sistema por transporte de massa. Assim, o presente estudo revela que o enxofre elementar não passiva a superfície do eletrodo e que há a possibilidade de utilização de eletrodos de carbono vítreo reticulado para oxidar eletroquimicamente íons sulfeto em soluções aquosas.
Good Lives Model: Importance of Interagency Collaboration in Preventing Violent Recidivism
Authors: Mallion Jaimee Sheila
Published: June 2021

Violence is a complex and multifaceted problem requiring a holistic and individualized response. The Good Lives Model (GLM) suggests violence occurs when an individual experiences internal and external obstacles in the pursuit of universal human needs (termed primary goods). With a twin focus, GLM-consistent interventions aim to promote attainment of primary goods, whilst simultaneously reducing risk of reoffending. This is achieved by improving an individuals’ internal (i.e., skills and abilities) and external capacities (i.e., opportunities, environments, and resources). This paper proposes that collaborations between different agencies (e.g., psychological services, criminal justice systems, social services, education, community organizations and healthcare) can support the attainment of primary goods through the provision of specialized skills and resources. Recommendations for ensuring interagency collaborations are effective are outlined, including embedding a project lead, regular interagency meetings and training, establishing information sharing procedures, and defining the role each agency plays in client care.
Atoms vs. Ions: Intermediates in Reversible Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Juodkazyte Jurga , Juodkazis Kestutis , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: June 2021

We present a critical analysis of the mechanism of reversible hydrogen evolution reaction based on thermodynamics of hydrogen processes considering atomic and ionic species as intermediates. Clear distinction between molecular hydrogen evolution/oxidation (H$_2$ER and H$_2$OR) and atomic hydrogen evolution/oxidation (HER and HOR) reactions is made. It is suggested that the main reaction describing reversible H$_2$ER and H$_2$OR in acidic and basic solutions is: $\ce{H3O^+} + 2e^- \xrightleftharpoons{\mathrm{({H}_{2}^{+}})_{ad}} \ce{H2} + \ce{OH^-}$, which proceeds via the formation of hydrogen molecular ion as intermediate and its potential is $E^{0}$ = 0.414~V (at the standard Hydrogen electrode SHE scale). We analyse experimentally reported data with models which provide \emph{quantitative} match (R.J.Kriek et al., Electrochem. Sci. Adv. e2100041 (2021)). The experimentally observed slope of $\lg(Current)$ vs. $Potential$ equal to $\approx 30$~mV/dec corroborates the presented model of H$_2$ER/H$_2$ER based on \ce{H2$^+$} as intermediate.
Reduced Order Multiscale Simulation of Diffuse Damage in Concrete
Authors: Vu Giao , Diewald Fabian , Timothy Jithender J. , Gehlen Christoph , Meschke Günther
Published: June 2021

Damage in concrete structures initiates as the growth of diffuse microcracks that is followed by damage localisation and eventually leads to structural failure. Weak changes such as diffuse microcracking processes are failure precursors. Identification and characterisation of these failure precursors at an early stage of concrete degradation and application of suitable precautionary measures will considerably reduce the costs of repair and maintenance. To this end, a reduced order multiscale model for simulating microcracking-induced damage in concrete at the mesoscale levelis proposed. The model simulates the propagation of microcracks in concrete using a two-scale computational methodology. First, a realistic concrete specimen that explicitly resolves the coarse aggregates in a mortar matrix was generated at the mesoscale. Microcrack growth in the mortar matrix is modelled using a synthesis of continuum micromechanics and fracture mechanics. Model order reduction of the two-scale model is achieved using clustering technique. Model predictions are calibrated and validated using uniaxial compression tests performed in the laboratory.
Mitochondrial Transport, Partitioning and Quality Control at the Heart of Cell Proliferation and Fate Acquisition
Authors: Kumar Sharma Rakesh , Chafik Abderrahman , Bertolin Giulia
Published: June 2021

Mitochondria are essential to cell homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial distribution, segregation or turnover have been linked to complex pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. Understanding how these functions are coordinated in specific cell types is a major challenge to discover how mitochondria globally shape cell functionality. In this review, we will first describe how mitochondrial transport and dynamics are regulated throughout the cell cycle in yeast and in mammals. Second, we will explore the functional consequences of mitochondrial transport and partitioning on cell proliferation, fate acquisition, stemness, and on the way cells adapt their metabolism. Last, we will focus on how mitochondrial clearance programs represent a further layer of complexity for cell differentiation, or in the maintenance of stemness. Defining how mitochondrial transport, dynamics and clearance are mutually orchestrated in specific cell types may help our understanding of how cells can transition from a physiological to a pathological state.
No Time to Waste: Resilient Waste Management Systems Are Needed to Tackle Future Pandemic-like Situations
Authors: de Almeida Ronei
Published: June 2021

Solid waste management is a challenge in many countries, especially developing economies. The author identified nine major waste issues reported during the current pandemic period. The impacts of the pandemic continue to be felt and have indicated secondary impacts with respect the waste management. The reflective topics highlighted in the present article are not intended to be exhaustive. Still, they give us a starting point for reﬂecting on how we can construct a more resilient waste management system.
Peer Presence Effect on Numeracy and Literacy in 4th Graders: When Working With a Schoolmate Makes Children More Adult-Like
Authors: Tricoche Leslie , Monfardini Elisabetta , Reynaud Amélie J. , Epinat-Duclos Justine , Pélisson Denis , Prado Jérôme , Meunier Martine
Published: June 2021

The present study explores the potential impact of peers' omnipresence at school on children's academic performance. We tested 99 fourth-graders either alone or with a classmate in a task involving both numeracy and literacy skills: numerosity comparison and phonological comparison. Ninety-seven college-aged young adults were also tested on the same task, either alone or with a familiar peer. Peer presence yielded a reaction time (RT) speedup in children, and this social facilitation was at least as important as that seen in adults. RT distribution analyses indicated that the presence of a familiar peer promotes the emergence of adult-like features in children. This included shorter and less variable reaction times (confirmed by an ex-Gaussian analysis), increased use of an optimal response strategy and, based on Ratcliff’s diffusion model, speeded up non decision (memory and/or motor) processes. Peer presence thus allowed children to, at least, narrow (for demanding phonological comparisons), and, at best, virtually fill in (for unchallenging numerosity comparisons) the developmental gap separating them from adult levels of performance. These findings confirm the influence of peer presence on skills relevant to education and lay the ground for exploring how the brain mechanisms mediating this fundamental social influence evolve during development.
Oligonucleotide Therapies in the Treatment of Inflammatory Joint Disease
Authors: Wijesinghe Susanne N , Lindsay Mark A , Jones Simon W
Published: June 2021

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are two of the most common chronic inflammatory joint diseases, for which there remains a great clinical need to develop safer and more efficacious pharmacological treatments. The pathology of both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis involves multiple tissues within the joint, including the synovial joint lining and the bone, as well as the articular cartilage in osteoarthritis. In this review, we discuss the potential for the development of oligonucleotide therapies for these disorders by examining the evidence that oligonucleotides can modulate the key cellular pathways that drive the pathology of the inflammatory diseased joint pathology as well as evidence in preclinical in vivo models that oligonucleotides can modify disease progression.
Social Media about the Company's Image as an Element of Specific Development
Authors: Żywiołek Justyna
Published: June 2021

Personalization, mobility, artificial intelligence, corporate life transferred to the world in social media - all these elements will shape corporate social media in the near future. It is necessary to consider what features and what standards of behaviour enterprises will have to meet in order to build an image in the world of social media and adapt to the preferences and requirements of the client. Corporate social media has been created to support clients in using various services, give them the possibility of easy communication without time and place barriers. Therefore, high-quality corporate social media profiles significantly affect trust in the company and can affect its reputation. Considering that the aim of the article is to examine the impact of social media on the image of the company, various exchanges of perception of the quality of corporate social media, the risks they bring for the company and the perception of them by customers, which gives the image, were examined. The results of empirical research indicate that the secu-rity, simplicity and variety of m-banking services have a significant impact on the perceived qu-ality, which in turn has a positive impact on reputation. The author proposed a methodology based on the Kano model and customer satisfaction in order to examine the declared needs and unspecified desires and divide them into different groups with different impact on consumer satisfaction. The study took the form of an original, universal questionnaire that can be used in other similar studies. The analysis included 861 correctly completed questionnaires, and the ob-tained results were included in the management's action plans after their submission. Enterpri-ses expressed their interest that the measures taken should be reviewed after one to two years.
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) Systems Applied to Pronunciation Assessment of L2 Spanish for Japanese Speakers
Authors: Tejedor-García Cristian , Cardeñoso-Payo Valentín , Escudero-Mancebo David
Published: June 2021

General–purpose automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have improved their quality and are being used for pronunciation assessment. However, the assessment of isolated short utterances, as words in minimal pairs for segmental approaches, remains an important challenge, even more for non-native speakers. In this work, we compare the performance of our own tailored ASR system (kASR) with the one of Google ASR (gASR) for the assessment of Spanish minimal pair words produced by 33 native Japanese speakers in a computer-assisted pronunciation training (CAPT) scenario. Participants of a pre/post-test training experiment spanning four weeks were split into three groups: experimental, in-classroom, and placebo. Experimental group used the CAPT tool described in the paper, which we specially designed for autonomous pronunciation training. Statistically significant improvement for experimental and in-classroom groups is revealed, and moderate correlation values between gASR and kASR results were obtained, beside strong correlations between the post-test scores of both ASR systems with the CAPT application scores found at the final stages of application use. These results suggest that both ASR alternatives are valid for assessing minimal pairs in CAPT tools, in the current configuration. Discussion on possible ways to improve our system and possibilities for future research are included.
The Impact of Short-Term Cross-Cultural Experience on the Intercultural Competence of Participating Students: A Case Study of Australian High School Students
Authors: Nelson Wendy , Luetz Johannes M.
Published: June 2021

Over recent years globalisation has occasioned a dramatic rise in cross-cultural interactions – until this was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic (OECD 2018, Nelson & Luetz 2021). The ability to competently engage in a multicultural world is often considered the “literacy of the future” (UNESCO 2013, OECD 2018). Global interconnectedness has brought studies into intercultural competence to centre stage (UNDP 2004, Bissessar 2018, Nelson et al. 2019). This has increased the demand for cross-cultural education experiences that facilitate such learning. However, there is a dearth of empirical research into the issues and effects surrounding short-term cross-cultural educational experiences for adolescents. This mixed methods study extends previous research by looking specifically into what impact short-term cross-cultural experiences may have on the formation of intercultural competence and emotional intelligence of Australian high school students. This study used two instruments for measuring intercultural competence and emotional intelligence in a pre- and posttest quasi-experimental design (n=14), the GENE Scale and TEQ. Moreover, it conducted in-depth post experience qualitative interviews (n=7) that broadly followed a phenomenological paradigm of inquiry. The findings suggest that fully embodied cross-cultural immersive experiences offer benefits in areas of intercultural competence and emotional intelligence and can offer meaningful application in areas of current affairs. A greater understanding of the linkages between immersive cross-cultural experiences and intercultural competence offers prospects for policy makers, educators, pastoral carers, and other relevant stakeholders who might employ such experiential learning to foster more interculturally and interracially harmonious human relations.
Potensi Spons sebagai Media Alternatif Budidaya Sayuran dengan Sistem Hidroponik
Authors: Barus Tati , Weisa Adrina , Warjoto Renna Eliana
Published: June 2021

Several technologies are evolving with the increasing agricultural product demand. The use of hydroponic systems appears more common, where the growing medium serves as a significant factor in determining plant growth, without available information on the use of sponges. This study is aimed at obtaining information on the potential of sponges as a hydroponic media in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), pak choi (Brassica rapa) and kale (Brassica oleracea). The method used was a completely randomized design with three replications and the treatment comprised of three growing media types, termed sponges, local and imported rockwool. The result showed an improvement in the growth of water spinach and pak choi in sponges, compared to local and imported rockwool. Furthermore, kale was known to develop more extensively on the entire media but varied insignificantly in kale.
Efektivitas Asap Cair Kulit Buah Randu untuk Mengendalikan Walang Sangit Padi
Authors: Erdiansyah Iqbal , Ramadhani Mochammad Fahrur , Damanhuri Damanhuri
Published: June 2021

The liquid smoke from pod shell of randu potentially serves as a botanical pesticide in rice farming and also provides an effective approach in controlling the rice ear bug (Leptocorisa oratorius). Also, the sample produces the maximum dominant compound as phenol (C6H5OH) to regulate these bugs. The research was conducted in Kaliwates district, Jember regency, between May-August 2018, using a non-factorial randomized block design with four treatments, that are control-no treatment, formulation 3, 6, and 9 ml.L-1, in six replications. Consequently, the samples of 3, 6, and 9 ml.L-1 obtained a significant effect, in terms of pest control, attack intensity, empty grain percentage, and dry grain weight per sample. The result showed that the maximum and minimum attack intensity occurred in no treatment samples and formulation 9 ml.L-1 treatments, with an average of 35.31 and 23.13%, respectively. Therefore, the liquid smoke of kapok tree fruit skin peels has been confirmed to effectively control the pest population of rice ear bugs.
Pengaruh Pupuk Organik dan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai
Authors: Setyawan Fajar , Aldi M. Machfud , Talkah Abu
Published: June 2021

Nutrient availability is very significant in supporting plant growth. The low content of organic fertilizers and existing minerals appear as the primary limiting factors for soybean cultivation on acid soils. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the effect of organic fertilizers and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant growth and yield. A completely randomized block design (CRBD) factorial with three replications was employed, where the first variable involved the chicken and cow composts as well as Tithonia green fertilizer. Meanwhile, the second referred to PGPR at 0, 5, 10 and 15 ml.L-1. The results showed no interaction between the application of organic fertilizers and PGPR on soybean growth as well as the yield. Furthermore, the cow manure treatment of 10 t.ha-1 reportedly increased the total dry weight and sample growth rate by 0.44 and 0.86%, respectively, compared to the chicken manure at similar composition. Also, 10 ml.L-1 of PGPR was known to improve the pod quantity per plant and harvest index by 0.58 and 2.66% harvest index, correspondingly, than without PGPR.
Genetic of Salak Pondoh, Gading Varieties and Its Hybrids Based on RAPD Markers
Authors: Nandariyah Nandariyah , Parjanto Parjanto , Ratu Pinaka Pinasti
Published: June 2021

A molecular marker of parent and offspring is used to find fast and accurate markers influenced by DNA isolation and amplification. This research aims to find the most suitable DNA isolation and DNA  amplification methods. This study used four DNA isolation methods; namely IM01, IM02, IM03, and IM04. DNA amplification used ten protocols (AP01, AP02, AP03, AP04, AP05, AP06, AP07, AP08, AP09, and AP010). The results of the research showed that the most suitable DNA isolation method for salak was  IM0, and the most suitable DNA amplification for salak was AP04 that produces the highest value of DNA bands.

 

Keywords: DNA isolation; DNA amplification; hybrids.
FEEDBACK’S EFFECT ON BUDGETARY SLACK AND SELF-EFFICACY AS MODERATION VARIABLE
Authors:   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Surakarta, Rahmawati Aryani , , Supriyadi ,   Gadjah Mada University
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of positive and negative feedback on budgetary slack and the interaction between feedback and self-efficacy on budgetary slack under a condition of information asymmetry. Preliminary researches have tested various ways of mitigating budgetary slack practices, which did not separate the effects of positive and negative feedback. This study hypothesized that positive feedback minimizes the potential for budgetary slack under conditions of information asymmetry—and vice versa. Additionally, high self-efficacy reinforces positive feedback in reducing budgetary slack under conditions of information asymmetry—and vice versa. By employing experimental data, this study documented the results that positive feedback significantly minimizes (the potential for budgetary slacking under conditions of information asymmetry—and vice versa. However, there is no difference in the average budget slack on managers with high or low self-efficacy, who get positive feedback.
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME: EVIDENCE FROM ASEAN
Authors:   Gadjah Mada University, Rahayu Puji , Kusuma Indra ,   Gadjah Mada University
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the predictive value of other comprehensive income and its disclosure in ASEAN. Unlike value relevance, the predictive value of other comprehensive income has not been extensively addressed in the literature. We conduct the first study examining the predictive value of other comprehensive income and its disclosure to prove that not only fair value as relevant information, but also other comprehensive income reflecting the changes of fair value. We use hand-collected data taken from the financial reports. This study employs a panel regression model to test the ability of other comprehensive income and its disclosure to predict firms’ future performance. The results confirm that as relevant information, other comprehensive income and its disclosure have predictive value. In addition, other comprehensive income which interacted with disclosure of other comprehensive income resulted predictive value only for one year ahead. Furthermore, other comprehensive income components which belongs to fair value level 1 and 2 have predictive value because it uses market-based input. Meanwhile, other comprehensive components which belong to fair value level 3 only have predictive value for one year ahead because it uses unobservable input that can ­­lead to higher subjectivity.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN A SMALL SOUTHERN AFRICA ECONOMY
Authors:   University of Eswatini, Ngobe Duduzile , Kalu Emenike ,   University of Eswatini
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development in a small southern African economy. Specifically, the paper analyses long-run, short-run and causal relationships between foreign direct investment and stock market development in Eswatini for the 1990 to 2018 periods. Results of preliminary analyses of the variable show existence of positive skewness, fat-tailed, non-normal distribution, and I(1) order of integration for the foreign direct investment and stock market return series. Estimates from the ARDL model indicate evidence of a positive and statistically insignificant long-run relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development in the kingdom of Eswatini. But in the short-run, there exist no relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development in Eswatini. Estimates from Granger causality test do not show any evidence of causal relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development in Eswatini. We recommend amongst others that capital market authorities should establish measures to increase the number of listings in the market so as boost investment options. In addition, there should be massive domestic investor-education on benefits of financing projects with a combination capital market funds, which has long-term tenor, and money market funds, which are of short-term nature.
THE OBSTACLE FACTORS OF MUSHARAKAH AND MUDHARABAH APPLICATION IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Khan Muhammad , Siswantoro Dodik ,   Universitas Indonesia, Ur Rahman Abid ,   Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
Published: June 2021

Islamic Banking is based on the Islamic financial system. It is a banking system whose fundamental rules and regulations are established on Shariah laws i.e., Islamic jurisprudence originated from the Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. Its functions must comply with Shariah rules and must not violate any Shariah principle. The Islamic finance system is based on Profit-loss sharing financing namely, Musharakah and Mudharabah but there are numerous issues and challenges faced by Islamic bank during the implementation of Musharakah and Mudharabah financing contracts. The various paper has been revealed some of the internal and external factors in this context, but the study is still unexplored in Pakistan. This paper aims to highlight those obstacles factors that affect the application of Musharakah and Mudharabah financing by Islamic Banks in Pakistan. This paper is based on the critical analysis of the related literature on the concepts of Profit-loss sharing based financing by Islamic Banks. The finding suggests 4 (four) main factors which hinder the application of Musharakah and Mudharabah by Islamic bank in Pakistan namely high risk, lack of awareness, Regulatory constraint and Low rate of return. Finally, this paper concludes by making recommendations that may be adopted by Islamic banks and regulators to facilitate the promotion of Musharakah and Mudharabah Financing.
Multilevel Effects of Student Qualifications and In-Classroom Variables on Science Achievement
Authors: AKYÜZ ARU Sidika , KALE Mustafa
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the effects of student qualifications and some in-classroom variables related to the school teaching process on the TIMSS science achievement of 4th-grade students in Turkey. It was also aimed to determine the variables that contributed the most to explaining the achievement differences between schools at the student and classroom levels in this study, which was conducted with a causal comparison pattern. The sample of the study consists of 6378 students and classroom teachers of these students. The data of this group was analyzed using the Two-Level Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM). The effects of absenteeism, not having breakfast, use of technology in school, use of technology outside school and home on science achievement scores were found to be statistically significant as a result of HLM analysis. Teachers’ perceptions of the inadequacy of the school's facilities and resources, giving feedback on homework, discussing homework in the classroom, and explaining the answers given by the students in the classroom have significant effects on science achievement at the classroom level. These results are related to students in improving the academic performance of primary school students and reveal the importance of a number of psychological and physical characteristics that may affect the teaching process positively or negatively.
Pesticides Misused for Bed Bug Control: Comparing Professional and Nonprofessional Applications Reported to the National Pesticide Information Center, 2013–2017
Authors: Strid April , Leytem Alicia , Perez Josean , Buhl Kaci , Cross Amy
Published: June 2021

Objectives. To compare outcomes when pesticides are used to control bed bugs by professionals and nonprofessionals.

Methods. All US National Pesticide Information Center inquiries from 2013 to 2017 were assessed to identify scenarios involving bed bugs and pesticide applications. Cases were evaluated with respect to types of applicators, misapplications, and human pesticide exposures.

Results. Misapplications were more than twice as likely to be reported in cases involving nonprofessional applications (14%) as in cases involving professional applications (5%). Human exposures to pesticides were reported more often when pesticides were misapplied (70%) than when there were no apparent misapplications (31%).

Conclusions. Both professionals and nonprofessionals may misuse pesticides to control bed bugs, which may increase the risks of exposure and adverse outcomes. Policy interventions may reduce pesticide incidents related to bed bug control by promoting professional involvement and adherence to product label instructions.
Estimating Gains in HIV Testing by Expanding HIV Screening at Routine Checkups
Authors: Patel Deesha , Williams Weston O. , Heitgerd Janet , Taylor-Aidoo Nicole , DiNenno Elizabeth A.
Published: June 2021

Objectives. To estimate gains in the prevalence of individuals who had ever been tested for HIV overall and by subpopulations from increases in the percentage of persons who had a routine checkup and were tested.

Methods. We used data from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to determine the prevalence of individuals who were ever tested for HIV and the prevalence of missed opportunities for HIV testing among those never tested in the United States. We assessed the effect of absolute percentage increases in having ever been tested among those who had a past-year routine checkup on increasing the overall prevalence of having ever been tested.

Results. In 2019, 49.5% of US adults had ever been tested for HIV; 34.5% had a missed opportunity. A 50% increase in testing at routine checkups would increase the prevalence of having ever been tested to 84.0%. Increases in the prevalence of having ever been tested (≥ 85%) was highest among persons aged 35 to 54 years, Black persons, persons who were female at birth, persons with health insurance, and persons reporting HIV risk behaviors.

Conclusions. Fully incorporating HIV screening into primary care would greatly increase the proportion of US adults who have been tested for HIV.

Public Health Implications. Continued efforts to promote HIV testing, including implementing routine screening in clinical settings, will help ensure that all US adults know their HIV status.
Slow Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Southern Brazil Over a 6-Month Period: Report on 8 Sequential Statewide Serological Surveys Including 35 611 Participants
Authors: Hallal Pedro C. , Silveira Mariângela F. , Menezes Ana M. B. , Horta Bernardo L. , Barros Aluísio J. D. , Pellanda Lúcia C. , Victora Gabriel D. , Dellagostin Odir A. , Struchiner Claudio J. , Burattini Marcelo N. , Mesenburg Marilia A. , Jacques Nadege , Vidaletti Luís Paulo , Ambros Emanuele L. , Berlezi Evelise M. , Schirmer Helena , Renner Jane D. P. , Collares Kaue , Ikeda Maria Letícia R. , Ardenghi Thiago M. , Gasperi Patricia de , Hartwig Fernando P. , Barros Fernando C. , Victora Cesar G.
Published: June 2021

Objectives. To evaluate the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) over 6 months in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Sul (population 11.3 million), based on 8 serological surveys.

Methods. In each survey, 4151 participants in round 1 and 4460 participants in round 2 were randomly sampled from all state regions. We assessed presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a validated lateral flow point-of-care test; we adjusted figures for the time-dependent decay of antibodies.

Results. The SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence increased from 0.03% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00%, 0.34%; 1 in every 3333 individuals) in mid-April to 1.89% (95% CI = 1.36%, 2.54%; 1 in every 53 individuals) in early September. Prevalence was similar across gender and skin color categories. Older adults were less likely to be infected than younger participants. The proportion of the population who reported leaving home daily increased from 21.4% (95% CI = 20.2%, 22.7%) to 33.2% (95% CI = 31.8%, 34.5%).

Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 infection increased slowly during the first 6 months in the state, differently from what was observed in other Brazilian regions. Future survey rounds will continue to document the spread of the pandemic.
The Association of Lysyl oxidase G473A Polymorphism in Coronary Artery Ectasia
Authors: Kılıçarslan Onur , Yıldız Ahmet , Ser Özgür Selim , Doğan Ömer , Akdoğan Hülya Yılmaz , Özkara Gülçin , Aslan Ezgi Irmak , Yumuk Mehmet Tugay , Koçaş Cüneyt
Published: June 2021

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined by a ≥1.5-fold expansion coronary artery vessel diameter, with respect to the adjacent coronary artery vessel. Atherosclerosis and extracellular matrix changes are thought to play an important role in CAE development. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is part of an important enzyme family involved in the regulation of connective tissue. LOX deficiency has been associated with aortic aneurysm, fold, and dissection. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between LOX gene G473A (rs1800449) polymorphism and CAE. Eighty-eight patients diagnosed with CAE and 75 healthy individuals were included in the study. The CAE group demonstrated significantly higher hyperlipidemia (p=0.01), male sex incidence (p=0.06), serum TNF-α (p=0.03), and sE-selectin (p=0.02). The LOX genotype and allele distribution showed no significant difference between the groups. Notably, patients with CAE carrying the LOX-CT genotype demonstrated significantly higher TNF-α (p=0.04) and sP-selectin (p=0.02) levels than those carrying the LOX-CC genotype. Higher TNF-α values and hyperlipidemia were associated with the risk of CAE. Further, we observed that TNF-α levels were higher in patients with right coronary artery (RCA) ectasia. Additional large-scale studies to include other LOX gene polymorphisms may support our findings and further elucidate their relationship to CAE.
Enhancing the throughput of a Node by Handling Congestion in Vanets using Efficient Queue Management
Authors: Purohit Kamlesh Chandra , Jasola Sanjay
Published: June 2021

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is one of the most challenging domain in current scenario to provide an Intelligent transport system (ITS). One of the important application area of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is VANET. Few major challenges in VANET environment like network congestion, routing and securitywhich must be resolved to provide an efficient service to the user. This paper explores the effect of network layer congestion in the overall performance of VANET and proposes a framework to handle congestion in the VANET by providing efficient queue management. The proposed approach named Node Based Throughput (NBTH) is intended to evaluate the throughput of a node. Method proposed in this paper is being analysed with various parameters like throughput end_to_end delay and packet loss with respect to density of nodes.