bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Equation for Concrete Made With PPC or OPC with Fly Ash by Accelerated Mix Design Method
Authors: Ojha P N , Kumar Suresh , Mandre Manish Kumar , Mittal Piyush , Singh Brijesh , V V Arora
Published: February 2022

Assessment of 28 days strength from accelerated strength (1 day) can be extremely helpful. Early prediction of 28 days compressive strength is required basically for two purposes. First, to finalize the concrete mix proportions in the laboratory and secondly, for quality control purpose during construction. Through this concept designers can easily identify the uncalculated errors during mix design or variations in materials and exposure conditions etc. and take necessary correction and modification measures to attain the desired strengths at 28 days. As per IS: 9013 methodology to predict the 28 days strength of concrete from accelerated cured strength are indicated only for normal/control concrete. In the past few year focus has shifted from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) to Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC). Fly ash is also being used widely at sites as replacement of OPC. However, there is no such guideline available by which the assessment of 28 days strength of Indian fly ash concrete can be made from accelerated strength tests.  In the present study an attempt has been made to predict the expected 28 days compressive strength of concrete having PPC or OPC with fly ash using accelerated temperature regime methods. The experimental study includes the use of 2 brands of PPC, 5 brands of OPC and 2 sources of fly ash for replacement of OPC ranging from 20% to 45 %. Two temperature regimes 900C and 820C were used for accelerated curing. The samples were cured for 7.5 hours and 20hours respectively in each regime for expected 28 day compressive strength. The mathematical equations to estimate the 28 days compressive strength of concrete, cured at 900C for 7.5 hours for mixes having PPC, OPC mixed with fly ash 20% to 35% is fexp28 = 1.223 facs +2.024. The mathematical equations to estimate the 28 days compressive strength of concrete, cured at 900C for 7.5 hours for mixes having PPC, OPC mixed with fly ash more than 35% and up to 45% is fexp28 = 0.993 facs + 6.044.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PUPUK HAYATI BIOBOOST DAN AIR KELAPA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SELADA (Lactuca sativa L.) VARIETAS GRAND RAPIDS
Authors: Indriana Kovertina Rakhmi , Dirmawan Ricky Hasrat , Komariah Ai
Published: February 2022

Percobaan ini dilakukan di Desa Cikondang, Kecamatan Ganeas, Kabubaten Sumedang, dengan ketinggian tempat 500 meter di atas permukaan laut, ordo tanah Podsolik dan PH 4.5 – 6.5. Tujuan percobaan ini untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruh pemberian konsentrasi pupuk hayati bioboost dan air kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada varietas grand rapids. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri dua faktor dan diulang dua kali. Faktor pertama adalah pupuk hayati bioboost (u) yang terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu : u0 = 0 ml/L larutan, u1 = 25 ml/L larutan, u2 = 50 ml/L larutan, u3 = 75 ml/L larutan. Faktor kedua adalah air kelapa (a) yang terdiri dari empat taraf, yaitu : a0 = 0 ml/L larutan, a1 = 75 ml/L larutan, a2 = 150 ml/L larutan, a3 = 225 ml/L larutan. Hasil percobaan menunjukan bahwa terjadi interaksi terhadap (tinggi tanaman umur 35 HST, volume akar, bobot segar per plot dan nisbah pupus akar ) dan tidak terjadi interaksi (tinggi tanaman umur 14 HST, 21 HST, 28 HST, jumlah daun umur 14 HST, 21 HST, 28 HST, 35 HST, bobot segar per tanaman dan bobot kering )
Perhitungan Gaji Remunerasi Pada Pengadilan Negeri Kelas 1b Menggunakan Algoritma JST
Authors: Herlina
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun sebuah system perhitungan gaji remunerasi pada Pengadilan Negeri Kelas 1B menggunakan algoritma Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST). Penetapan besaran kompensasi remunerasi didasarkan oleh aktivitas proses kerja sehari-hari dalam hal ini diwakili oleh variabel absen pegawai. Model arsitektur JST yang digunakan adalah jaringan lapisan tunggal.
Perancangan Aplikasi Hostelry Dengan Teknologi Location Based Service Berbasis Android Untuk Mendukung Sektor Pariwisata Di Bulukumba
Authors: Nuraida Latif  , Rohayati Arifin  , Andi Diaunnajiyah
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Merancang aplikasi Hostelry dengan Teknologi Location Based Service  (LBS) berbasis android untuk pendukung sektor pariwisata di Bulukumba, Mengimplementasikan aplikasi Hostelry berbasis android di Kabupaten Bulukumba. Data data diperoleh melalui penelitian lapangan berupa wawancara, dokumentasi dan penelitian pustaka. Jumlah sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini terbagi menjadi 3 kategori yaitu penginapan, wisata, dan pasar. Perhitungan pengambilan sampel dari populasi menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan jumlah sampel data 48 penginapan dari 93 data penginapan, 23 wisata dari 30 data wisata, dan 30 pasar dari 42 data pasar. Pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode pengujian blackbox dan User Acceptance Testing (UAT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Hostelry Bulukumba dapat memudahkan wisatawan dalam memilih dan melakukan pencarian lokasi penginapan dengan tingkat kelayakan rata-rata 95,2% dari 22 responden.
Sistem Pakar dengan Metode Dempster-Shafer Untuk Diagnosa Penyakit Ayam Broiler
Authors: UL Khairat  , Qashlim Akhmad
Published: February 2022

Produksi peternakan ayam broiler berkembang semakin cepat seiring dengan semakin meningkatnya permintaan pasar terhadap ayam pedaging yang mengandung protein hewani yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Ayam broiler memiliki pertumbuhan daging yang cepat dalam  waktu yang relative singkat. Salah satu faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam budidaya ayam broiler ini adalah ayam broiler ini sangat mudah terserang penyakit dan menular keayam lainnya secara cepat pula jika penanganan lambat. Penelitian ini akan merancang system pakar untuk mendiagnosa lebi awal penyakit ayam broiler menggunakan Metode Dempster Shafer untuk membangun mesin inferensi. Sistem dibangun berbasis web menggunakan baasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL Data base. Output diagnosa yang di hasilkan merupakan jenis penyakit, penyebab,  dan cara mengatasi penyakit serta nilai evidence (bukti) keyakinan yang diderita oleh ayam. Percobaan dilakukan pada 15 ekor ayam dan 10 jenis penyakit Asil penelitian menunjukkan nilai persentase Chronic Respiratory Disearce (CRD) dengan nilai keyakinan 82.46%.
SEGMENTASI PELANGGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING BERDASARKAN MODEL QRF PADA PERUSAHAAN RINTISAN PENYEDIA TENAGA KERJA
Authors: Kusuma Melati Sari Anggar , Arief Wibowo
Published: February 2022

The difficulty of getting a job that is in accordance with the interests and specialization of a worker, as well as the difficulty of the company getting a worker who suits the needs of the company causes the mushrooming of consulting firms or labor providers in Indonesia today. With the increasing number of companies providing labor, of course the competitiveness of the business industry in the human resources is increasingly high. So it needs to be analyzed to determine the right business strategy, such as determining the company's promotion goals. One of them is analyzing the segmentation of customers who have worked together. This research successfully modeled customer segmentation based on data mining clustering techniques using the K-Means data mining algorithm. The QRF (Quantity, Recency, Frequency) modeling process is analyzing the customer's behavior from the number of requests in each transaction carried out within a certain timeframe, as well as recency as the identification of the time span of the last transaction, as well as the number of transactions made within a certain time period. Researchers conducted a period of data for one year by analyzing customer activity in start-up providers of labor during 2019, on 86 active customers. Based on the analysis results obtained, customer segmentation in two clusters with QRF (Quantity, Recency, Frequency) modeling using Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) evaluation scored -0,482, while customer segmentation in three clusters using QRF (Quantity, Recency, Frequency) evaluation using Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) evaluation to obtain -0.469, and customer segmentation in four clusters with QRF (Quantity, Recency, Frequency) modeling using Davies BouldinIndex (DBI) evaluation to obtain -0,526.

Keywords— pelanggan, clustering, algoritma k-means, DBI, QRF
Implementasi Aplikasi Mobile Trevel Guide Di Sektor Kota Semarang
Authors: Surya A.P Brian , Agus Diartono Dwi
Published: February 2022

LBS (location based service) adalah layanan informasi yang dapat diakses melalui  mobile device  dengan memanfaatkan teknologi GPS, sistem LBS ini dapat mengetahui posisi berdasarkan titik geografis dari lokasi pengguna dan lokasi yang akan dituju. Dalam sistem yang dibagun oleh peneliti yaitu implementasi aplikasi mobile trevel guide untuk sektor kota semarang. Dengan sistem ini tentunya dapat mempermudah para wisatawan untuk menemukan sektor parwisata yang ingin di tujunya dan sesuai dengan minat para wisatawan. Dengan menggunakan bantuan teknologi  GPS diharapkan para wisatawan dapat dipermudah  serta dapat mempersingkat waktu saat melakukan perjalanan wisata sesuai yang di harapkan wisatawan. Didalam pembuatan sistem ini menggunakan bahasa pemograman Dart serta menggunakan framework Flutter dengan perangkat lunak yang di gunakan adalah VS Code, Android SDK, Android Virtual Device serta Browser untuk manage firebase. Sistem berbasis mobile aplication, terdapat beberapa vitur menu untuk mempermudah jalannya sistem
Clustering Clustering Data Ekspor Buah-Buahan Berdasarkan Negara Tujuan Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
Authors: Atma Negara Haviz
Published: February 2022

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara pengekspor ke negara-negara maju dan berkembang. Eksportir bertujuan untuk memperoleh keuntungan demi menunjang perekonomian dan kemakmuran masyarakat. Penelitian ini membahas tentang penerapan data mining pada ekspor buah-buahan menurut negara tujuan menggunakan k-means clustering method. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data Ekspor Buah-buahan Menurut Negara Tujuan Utama dari tahun 2012-2019 yang diambil dari dokumen-dokumen keterangan ekspor impor yang dihasilkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai. Data akan diolah dengan melakukan clustering dalam 3 cluster yaitu cluster tingkat ekspor tinggi, cluster tingkat ekspor sedang dan cluster tingkat ekspor rendah. Centroid data untuk cluster tingkat ekspor tinggi sebesar 2054519.3, centroid data untuk cluster tingkat ekspor sedang sebesar 489020.3, centroid data untuk cluster tingkat ekspor rendah sebesar 20.2. Sehingga diperoleh penilaian berdasarkan indeks ekspor buah-buahan dengan 2 negara cluster tingkat ekspor tinggi yakni negara Tiongkok & Malaysia, 2 negara cluster tingkat ekspor rendah yakni Vietnam & Thailand, dan 6 negara cluster tingkat ekspor rendah yakni Hongkong, Singapura, Nigeria, India, Jepang, Uni Emirat Arab. Sehingga diperoleh informasi hasil pengelompokan data baru yang dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah maupun perusahaan-perusahaan agar memprioritaskan serta dapat lebih meningkatkan kegiatan ekspor buah-buahan berdasarkan klaster yang telah dilaksanakan.
Perancangan Prototype Sistem Pendeteksi Tinggi Badan dengan Menggunakan Veniding Machine Berbasis Sensor Ultrasonik
Authors: Fadillah Fahmi
Published: February 2022

Penyakit fisik menggambarkan kesehatan seseorang yang diantaranya gagal tumbuh badan pada tubuh anak, remaja, hingga dewasa yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan asupan gizi salah satunya tinggi badan. Diharapkan ada teknologi yang mampu mendeteksi pertumbuhan tinggi badan sejak dini pada anak. Oleh karena itu perlu dibuatkan Perancangan Prototype Sistem Pendeteksi Tinggi Badan dengan Menggunakan Vending machine Berbasis Sensor Ultrasonik yang bertujuan untuk mengidektifikasi tinggi badan terhadap fisik seseorang. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah Prototype Model serta menggunakan metode finite state automata. Hasilnya, dengan adanya prototype sistem pendeteksi tinggi badan ini memberikan informasi secara real-time sebesar 60% lebih baik tentang tinggi badan untuk informasi kesehatan.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi PDF Signer Berbasis Android Pada PDAM Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Firmansyah Ikhsan Gustya , Hadiprakoso Raden Budiarto
Published: February 2022

Perusahaan Air Minum Daerah (PDAM) Kabupaten Tuban selama ini menggunakan prosedur tanda tangan secara manual dengan kertas dan pena sehingga terkadang hal ini dapat menghambat proses persuratan. Hal ini biasa terjadi ketika surat tersebut harus ditandatangani dan dikirim ke pihak atau bagian lain di hari yang sama sementara yang berwenang untuk menandatangani tidak ada di tempat. Terlebih pada situasi pandemi covid-19 seperti yang terjadi saat ini, di mana para pegawai dianjurkan untuk bekerja dari rumah. Berangkat dari masalah tersebut kami mengusulkan rancang bangun aplikasi PDF signer dengan metode pengenalan wajah sebagai proses otentikasi. Metode pengembangan aplikasi yang diusulkan menggunakan metodologi prototyping. Aplikasi dibuat berdasarkan arsitektur perangkat Android menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java. Aplikasi yang dihasilkan memiliki fitur yaitu registrasi pengguna, login pengguna, view dokumen, dan tanda tangan dokumen. Aplikasi dibuat menggunakan basis data SQLcipher untuk menyimpan passphrase pengguna pada direktori root aplikasi yang memudahkan pengguna karena tidak perlu mengisi passphrase setiap akan melakukan tanda tangan.
Lideresas campesinas agremiadas en la Federación Nacional Sindical Unitaria Agraria (FENSUAGRO)
Authors:   , Sotomayor Torres Luz Nancy
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación versará sobre el papel desempeñado por las mujeres campesinas colombianas lideresas en sus comunidades, agremiadas en una organización sindical agraria denominada Federación Nacional Sindical Unitaria Agropecuaria (FENSUAGRO) y sus luchas en un período de intenso conflicto armado interno (2002-2020). En Colombia al igual que en muchos países latinoamericanos la inequidad de género se ha visto presente en muchos campos, pero donde más se ha hecho evidente es en el sector rural. La mujer campesina ha sido, a lo largo de la historia, una víctima antes y durante el conflicto armado.
Educação do campo e currículo: um estudo das propostas pedagógicas de escolas do campo da região de Dourados/MS
Authors: Luís Nascimento Gotardi Osmar , Xavier Pires Dario
Published: February 2022

Resumo: A Educação do Campo tem ocupado espaço nas pesquisas da área de ensino, o que pode ser justificado em partes pela relevância que as comunidades campesinas vêm adquirindo na sociedade nos últimos anos. Porém, o cenário da educação escolar no contexto do campo ainda é caracterizado por desigualdades e desarticulações, apresentando-se como desafiador aos atores que compõem a comunidade escolar. Diante disso, socializou-se, neste artigo, que é o recorte de um trabalho de doutoramento em ensino de ciências, o estudo de aspectos inerentes à Educação do Campo, compreendendo suas especificidades e correlacionando-as às propostas pedagógicas de três escolas situadas na porção sul do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Com o objetivo de desvelar o que se contempla (ou não) no projeto pedagógico escolar acerca do currículo da escola do campo, desenvolveu-se uma análise qualitativa por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. No âmbito teórico, pesquisou-se sobre o contexto histórico e a legislação a respeito da Educação do Campo no Brasil e no aspecto da análise documental consultou-se o projeto pedagógico de cada escola e os seus referenciais curriculares estaduais. Após a análise, compreendeu-se que as propostas abarcam princípios e finalidades do funcionamento escolar que convergem com a ideia de uma educação emancipadora no campo, contudo, evidenciou-se pouca robustez em relação à abordagem de aspectos peculiares da Educação do Campo e do currículo escolar do campo, indicando que ainda são muitos os desafios para que os anseios e projetos da Educação do Campo sejam materializados no cotidiano escolar.
Palavras-chave: Currículo. Educação do Campo. Projeto Político-Pedagógico.
O Programa Escrevendo o Futuro e as ações da Olimpíada de Língua Portuguesa na formação continuada de professores
Authors: Costa Míriam Fernanda
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como propósito apresentar uma análise do Programa Escrevendo o Futuro no que se refere a algumas de suas dinâmicas como ações formativas. Busca-se identificar ações de formação de professores do Escrevendo o Futuro Olimpíadas de Língua Portuguesa através da identificação de suas características, com o intuito de analisar uma das ações do programa, juntamente com a conceituação do que a configura como ação formativa. Para nortear a análise, tem-se a seguinte questão: Que características, propostas ou recursos estão presentes no Escrevendo o Futuro que o faz assumir uma perspectiva formativa para professores? A presente pesquisa baseou na revisão bibliográfica, tomando como ponto de partida o portal do Escrevendo o Futuro em diálogo com autores que discutem formação de professores e linguagem, tais como: Bakhtin (2003), Gatti (2010), Nóvoa (2017), Signorelli (2016), Silva (2016), entre outros. Os resultados vêm apontando que o Programa Escrevendo o Futuro se caracteriza como uma ação formativa para os docentes, pois oferece a eles um espaço de se autoformarem e aprimorarem seus conhecimentos. Nota-se que ele também assegura um espaço para que os professores possam relatar suas práticas escolares, com circulação e reconhecimento do saber construído no interior das escolas, possibilitando que este contribua de forma direta ou indireta para a formação dos seus pares. Conclui-se, assim, que o Escrevendo o Futuro pode ser visto como uma oportunidade de aperfeiçoamento profissional, de troca de experiências de ensino e também de valorização da voz docente.
Palavras-chave: Escrevendo o Futuro. Formação de professores. Relato de prática.
Por que debater o ensino de sociologia? perspectivas de professores e intelectuais no Brasil das décadas de 1930 a 1950
Authors: Dos Reis Neuhold Roberta
Published: February 2022

Resumo: Este artigo constrói uma narrativa sobre a formação das Ciências Sociais como ciência e profissão no Brasil a partir dos debates que, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1950, problematizaram a sua didática. Quais fatores motivaram a participação de cientistas sociais no debate sobre o ensino de Sociologia, considerando que muitos deles sequer lecionavam no ensino secundário ou nas escolas normais? Por que debater o ensino de Sociologia nos circuitos especializados do conhecimento? Essas são indagações centrais deste trabalho que, tendo como principais fontes a produção acadêmica, biografias e depoimentos de intelectuais, aponta que, nos esforços de consolidação de um campo acadêmico, os cientistas sociais se depararam com os dilemas do magistério, alçando-os a objeto de reflexão ao lado do ensino de Sociologia e de seu papel nos bancos escolares.
Palavras-chave: Ensino de Sociologia. Intelectuais. Docência.
Acetic acid detection in photovoltaic modules during ultraviolet irradiation and damp-heat combined tests
Authors: Asano Shota , Hamaoka Ryo , Jonai Sachiko , Hara Yukiko , Masuda Atsushi , Umeda Norihiro , Iwami Kentaro
Published: February 2022

In this study, we evaluated the acetic acid generation in photovoltaic (PV) modules during an accelerated reliability test that combines ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and damp-heat (DH) using tin film sensors. We employed a tin film to detect acetic acid through the change in optical reflectance due to the chemical reaction from metallic tin to transparent tin tetraacetate. The relative reflectance of the tin film sensors laminated in a PV module was measured and used as an indicator of acetic acid generated during the reliability test. Consequently, we achieved non-destructive detection of a small amount of acetic acid generated during the UV irradiation stage of the UV+DH combined test with high spatial and temporal resolution using tin film sensors.
Deposition of organic–inorganic hybrid polymer thin films with a silsesquioxane unit
Authors: Ogawa Yamato , Mayuzumi Satsuki , Miyayama Takumi , Usui Hiroaki
Published: February 2022

Thin films of 3-methacryloyloxypropylheptaisobutyl-T8-silsesquioxane (BuPOSSMA) were prepared by an electron-assisted (e-assist) deposition method. The film deposited by the conventional vapor deposition without the e-assist had a polycrystalline structure with a rough surface, whereas the e-assist deposition produced amorphous polymer thin films with a smooth surface. The deposited films were electrically insulating with a breakdown strength higher than 2 × 106 V cm−1. The polymerization of BuPOSSMA resulted in a decrease in the dielectric constant of the film. It was found that the deposition-polymerization achieved by the e-assist is effective in improving the thermal stability of the insulating and dielectric characteristics.
Liquid metal printed electronics towards ubiquitous electrical engineering
Authors: Chen Sen , Liu Jing
Published: February 2022

Conventional electronic manufacturers are generally not easily accessible due to complicated procedures, time, material and energy consuming, and may generate potential pollution to the environment. From an alternative, liquid metal printed electronics to quickly fabricate electronic circuits and functional devices were proposed a decade before. To promote the further development and application of liquid metal printed electronics, this review aims to summarize and analyze the progress of liquid metal printed electronics from three aspects, namely electronic inks, printing technology and applications. Then, we will discuss the challenges and opportunities for further development of liquid metal printed electronics from several aspects including material modification, technological innovation, equipment upgrading and potential applications. It is expected that liquid metal printed electronics allow one to make electronics at anytime, anywhere at low cost which indicates the coming of a new era of ubiquitous electrical engineering.
Suppression of newly generated threading dislocations at the regrowth interface of a GaN crystal by growth rate control in the Na-flux method
Authors: Yamauchi Hyoga , Tandryo Ricksen , Yamada Takumi , Murakami Kosuke , Usami Shigeyoshi , Imanishi Masayuki , Maruyama Mihoko , Yoshimura Masashi , Mori Yusuke
Published: February 2022

In a previous study, we successfully obtained a large-diameter, low-dislocation-density GaN wafer using the flux-film-coated and the multi-point-seed technique (FFC-MPST). As a production cost-cutting strategy, we are aiming to reuse a part of grown GaN crystals and produce thicker films by the Na-flux regrowth. Recently, however, it was found that threading dislocations (TDs) were generated at the growth interface in homoepitaxial growth of GaN crystals by the Na-flux method. In this study, we found that rapid growth in the regrowth contributes to the formation of inclusions causing the generation of TDs at the regrowth interface. Hence, we succeeded in suppressing the generation of TDs by a low growth rate, realized by a low-pressure condition at an initial growth stage. These findings are valuable for the productivity enhancement of high-quality GaN wafers and help the widespread of GaN-based devices.
IS PANDEMIC AFFECTING STUDENTS ? : A STUDY ON LEARNING INTEREST AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ON MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar, Aras Dara Ugi , Machmud Nur Muallima ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar, Malli Rusli ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar, Syamsuddin Alawiyah ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Makassar
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning interest on academic achievement before and during pandemic. The cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students of Medical and Health Sciences Faculty of Muhammadiyah Makassar University. Learning interest assessed by questionnaires that filled out by 70 students by purposive sampling technique. Data about academic achievement on previous and current semester, were obtained from academic department. Data were analysed using Chi-Square Test to observe the correlation between the variables. The result shows that 93,6% of respondents in low learning interest group have experienced decrease in study achievement, while other 6,4% has increased their achievement between last and current semester. Among respondents that have high interest in learning, 95,6% of them undergo increased academic achievement, whereas only 4,4% that have decreasing in their achievement. From the analysis test, with p-value = 0.000, this study shows a significant correlation between study interest on academic achievement before and during pandemic on medical students of Medical and Health Science Faculty of Muhammadiyah Makassar University. The primary limitation of these results is numbers of respondents. Further study should be carried out on larger respondents from different year of medical school. The study can serve toward education especially learning process in medical school
THE RELATIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDHOOD WITH ANXIETY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ONLINE LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Lecturer of the Nursing Science Study Program, Malahayati University, Elliya Rahma , Pribadi Teguh ,   Lecturer of the Nursing Science Study Program, Malahayati University, Widyawati Febri Dwi ,   Student Lecturers of the Nursing Science Study Program, Malahayati University
Published: February 2022

At the end of 2019 there was a national virus outbreak that was found in China, and the name of the disease was Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). at school and in college is done with an daring system or online. This study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of children and the anxiety of elementary school students in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in the village of Penumangan Baru in 2021.This research is quantitative research, using snowball sampling technique. The subjects in this study were children in grades 4,5 & 6 of elementary school in the village of Penumangan Baru. The independent variable is the child's characteristics, the dependent variable is anxiety. The place of research is carried out in the students' homes. The research is planned to be carried out in January-March 2021.From the study, it was found that the average age of the children was 10 years, 54.3% female, 60.6% grade 4 & 5 elementary school students attending SD 02 & 03 Penumangan Baru, with a moderate-severe anxiety level of 56.4%. When the research was conducted, students conducted online learning at home so as to assess children's anxiety, the researchers distributed questionnaires via a google form link through class groups that were assisted by parents to fill in as children's observers at home. This research is useful for SD 1,2 & 3, Penumangan Baru Village, Tulang Bawang Tengah Subdistrict, Tulang Bawang Barat Regency
Analisis Kegiatan Ekspor Kopi Antara Kualitas Dengan Harga Dalam Perspektif Akad Bai’ As-Salam
Authors: Pratama Ikram , Alunaza Hardi , Abdullah Arifin , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Kegiatan ekspor kopi adalah salah satu bentuk dari pertukaran barang dan jasa yang melewati batas kepabeanan negara. Kegiatan ekspor ini terjadi akibat kebutuhan yang tidak bisa dipenuhi di dalam negeri, sehingga harus diperoleh dari negara lain. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan proses negosiasi yang diteruskan dalam kesepakatan. Hal yang menjadi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana bentuk klausula kontrak perjanjian ekspor kopi berdasarkan perspektif akad Bai’ As-Salam terhadap kontrak ekspor kopi antara kualitas dan harga. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis formal dan normatif fiqh muammalah dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bentuk kontrak perjanjian ekspor produk kopi dilakukan dalam perjanjian baku dengan seller untuk meminimalkan risiko. Prakteknya jika seller melakukan kesalahan saat mengirimkan barang pesanan maka seller bertanggung jawab atas kerugian tersebut. Dalam menganalisis sistem pengalihan risiko akad Ba'i as-Salam dalam transaksi ekspor kopi, jika rukun dan syarat tersebut dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya maka kegiatan ekspor yang di lakukan oleh penjual diperbolehkan, meskipun tidak disebutkan dalam hukum Syariah, tetapi dalam transaksi Sudah tersirat, yaitu kepercayaan, persetujuan dan kerelaan.

 
HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF SACHET WATER IN GOMBE, NIGERIA.
Authors:   Department of Chemical Pathology, Gombe State University/Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Gombe State., Sani Adamu , Saleh Yuguda ,   Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Gombe State University/Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Gombe State., Abdulmalik Sulaiman ,   Department of Geology, Gombe State University, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe State., Raymond Tabale P. ,   Department of Geology, Gombe State University, Gombe State University, Gombe, Gombe State., Mshelia Dahiru S. ,   Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Maiduguri/ University of Maiduguri   Teaching Hospital, Borno State.
Published: February 2022

Background: The provision of adequate clean drinking water is a basic human need in every society. In Nigeria, like many developing countries, the provision of clean drinking water is not adequate. The introduction of sachet water is seen by many as a solution to the problem. This is because it is affordable where more than a litter of it is sold at ten Naira or even less. The availability and affordability of sachet water have made it a preferred choice for most people despite questions being raised about the purity and potential toxicity. Objectives: To evaluate the heavy metal contents of sachet water in Gombe, Nigeria. Methodology: Forty samples of sachets water were bought randomly from the streets of Gombe and were analyzed for heavy metals content (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and nickel) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The data obtained were analyzed for frequencies and percentages for qualitative data and minimum and maximum for quantitative data using the system for statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.00 for windows. Results: None of the sachet water samples had the date of manufacture or expiry date while about 23% had no National agency for food and drug administration and control (NAFDAC) registration numbers. All the samples had lead levels above the WHO safety limits of 0.01mg/L. Mercury, cadmium and arsenic levels were higher than the safety limits in 23%, 15% and 5% of the samples respectively. No nickel was detected in all the samples. Conclusion: The majority of the sachet water in Gombe is contaminated with heavy metals lead, mercury and cadmium in concentrations above the WHO safety limits. Processes of water purification should be put in place to reduce the heavy metal contents of sachet water in Gombe.
Review of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media in the National Ear care centre, Kaduna Nigeria.
Authors:   Department of ENT, National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria., Sambo Umaru G. , Sakwa Murtala A. ,   Department of ENT, National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria., Ahmed Babagana M. ,   Department of ENT, College of Medical Sciences, Yobe state University, Yobe., Dansani Usman I. ,   Department of ENT, National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria., Abdulrahman Omodele ,   Department of ENT, National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Published: February 2022

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the most common condition presenting to Otolaryngological clinics, often patients present late with consequent complications that require surgical intervention. This study aimed to review the mode of clinical presentation, modality and outcome of treatment of CSOM seen at NECC Kaduna. Methodology: This was a retrospective study carried out in the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna for a period of 3 years; from January 2016 - December 2018. Results: Two hundred and thirty-four patients with CSOM were studied. There were 127 males and 107 females making M: F =1.2:1. The age range was from 8-60years with a mean age of 26.5±12.6years. The age group 11-20 (31.2%) had the highest number. Majority presented with hearing loss and ear discharge 228(97.4%) and 182(77.8%) respectively. Other symptoms were otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo and nasal symptoms. Eleven (4.7%) had complications at presentation. Ninety-two (39.3%) had surgery, 64 had only aural toileting and dressing with topical antibiotic with recorded success as majority achieved dry ear, while 38 patients were lost to follow up. Postoperative complications include; loss of taste sensation, facial nerve palsy, recurrent/persistent ear discharge, persistent dizziness, and infection of the donor site and no mortality was recorded. Conclusion: One-third of the patients who benefitted from surgery had a good outcome and for those with conservative treatment, the majority achieved dry ear. Early presentation is advised to avoid complications.
ROLE OF SPLIT-BOLUS PORTAL VENOUS PHASE CT UROGRAPHY FOR KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT DISEASES
Authors: Ishran Dharmendra , Mittal Mukesh , Mendiratta Kuldeep
Published: February 2022

Background: The conventional CT Urography technique involves a single bolus of injection with three acquisitions leading to multiple exposures.
Split bolus CT Urography involves acquisition of parenchymal and excretory phases in a single scan thus reducing the number of scans and
radiation dose. We propose to introduce novel split-bolus portal venous phase protocol that allowed to provide synchronous visualization of the
renal corticomedullary, nephrographic, and excretory phases with good tumor and vascular enhancement in a single acquisition. Materials And
Methods: Hospital based observational study carried out in the department of Radiodiagnosis, together with the help of department of urology,
department of pediatrics and pediatrics surgery, SMS medical college, Jaipur on 100 patients including both pediatric and adult population .
Results: Out of total 100 cases, maximum 33 cases were of bosniak cysts. Amongst them 28 were bosniak type I , 3 of bosniak type II and one case
each of bosniak type III and type IV. Bosniak cysts were followed by 15 cases of ureteric strictures, with 12 amongst them were post-op cases and
remaining having tubercular etiology. Next maximum number of cases were of PUJ Obstruction and CT urography was done to rule out vascular
crossings as a cause of PUJO. Four out of the 9 cases were associated with vascular crossing causing PUJ obstruction. Single phase Conclusion:
split bolus CTU protocol used in our study provides excellent renal parenchymal enhancement and adequate opacication of the collecting system
for evaluation of kidney and urinary tract in children and adults in most of the cases with good diagnostic accuracy and minimal radiation exposure.
It is also helpful in accurately diagnosing complications such as infections and renal strictures in these patients. It can be used as an alternate
diagnostic tool in resource limited settings where MRI is not available.
LIPID PROFILE ALTERATION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Authors: Shanker Singh Anand , Radhika G. , Singh Ankita , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: It has been proved that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is linked to dyslipidemia and the risk of cardiovascular complications is
higher in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate dyslipidemia in RApatients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, RA patients were enrolled regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their demographic
information and medication proles were evaluated. Clinical assessments were performed by evaluation of disease activity score (DAS28) and
visual analogue scale. Moreover, laboratory investigations of lipid prole including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), and high- density lipoprotein (HDL) were performed.
RESULT:Total of 150 patients with the mean age of 53.8±15.7 years, 64.4% were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. Females in menopausal ages had a
higher prevalence of dyslipidemia as well as patients with longer disease duration. Considering DAS28, 100% of the patients with high disease
activity were diagnosed with dyslipidemia.
CONCLUSION:According to the results, patients under treatment with prednisolone and methotrexate were more affected by dyslipidemia than
those with prednisolone, methotrexate, and hydroxychloroquine. In the patients under prednisolone, methotrexate, and leunomide treatment, the
prevalence of dyslipidemia was signicantly lower than those used only prednisolone and methotrexate. Altogether, it is necessary to have more
clinical suspicion towards dyslipidemia and its complications in the patients with a greater number of affecting factors.
A SPECTRUM OF ADRENAL LESIONS AND THEIR CT WASHOUT CHARACTERSTICS
Authors: Singh Apoorva , Jaipal Usha , Mendiratta Kuldeep
Published: February 2022

Background: The adrenal gland is involved in several pathologic conditions, including hyperplasia, hemorrhage, and benign and malignant
masses. Most of the adrenal masses are discovered incidentally. Cross-sectional imaging plays a vital role not only in detection of adrenal
abnormalities, but also in the characterization of the adrenal lesions. The most common lesion detected is incidental benign adrenal adenoma.
Materials And Methods: Patients with suspected adrenal masses who presented to SMS hospital were referred to the Department of
Radiodiagnosis for evaluation. CECT with adrenal protocol (non-contrast study, contrast study at 80 seconds and delayed study at 15 min) was
done. Biopsy of selective lesions was performed. A total of 43 patients were s Results: ubjected to the study. The anomalies detected were- 30
adrenal adenoma, 3 adrenal metastasis, 2 adrenocortical carcinoma, 4 myelolipoma, 2 pheochromocytoma, 1 adrenal lymphoma and 1 adrenal
tuberculosis. Adrenal adenoma is the most common adrenal mass and metast Conclusion: asis is the most common malignant adrenal mass.
Multidetector CT is the primary modality for detection and characterization of adrenal masses.
PERCUTANEOUS RELEASE OF TRIGGER FINGER- EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME
Authors: Battina Balakrishna , V Ashish. , Kumar Arjun , M Lalitha. , Kumar K Satya
Published: February 2022

To Evaluate The Outcome Of Trigger Finger Using Percutaneous Release
ROLE OF MRI IN CHARACTERIZATION OF BONE TUMORS ASSUMING HISTOPATHOLOGY AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Solanki Shubham , Prasad Swarnkar Chaturbhuj , Mendiratta Kuldeep , Gakher Pragati
Published: February 2022

Introduction- In comparison to other neoplasms, bone tumor is relatively not so common and constitutes only 0.5% of the total world cancer
incidence. Evaluation of bone neoplasms consists of a multimodality approach and whereas cross sectional imaging has extraordinarily improved
the ability to characterize tumors.
Aim And Objective- This study aims at evaluating MRI imaging pattern of bone tumors and their correlation with histopathology.
Materials And Method: 80 patients with suspected bone tumors referred to Department of Radiology after fullling the inclusion criteria were
included in the study. Contrast enhanced MRI orbit was performed and ndings were corelated with histopathology.
Results: Amongst 80 patients, 48 were males(60%) and 32 were female(40%).The patient age ranged from 1 month to 55 year. The bone tumors
consist of 50 malignant and 30 benign masses amongst which osteosarcoma and enchondroma were the most common respectively.
Conclusion: The present study concludes that MRI is extremely useful modality to characterize bone tumors.
ROLE OF MRI IN CHARACTERIZATION OF ORBITAL MASSES WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION.
Authors: Parihar Bineeta Singh , Mendiratta Kuldeep
Published: February 2022

Background: Orbital masses are not as common as masses anywhere in the body. Characterization of orbital masses is crucial to plan patient
management. MRI plays an important role in doing so as it has superior soft tissue contrast and helps in better delineation of extent of involvement
of orbital masses. Aims and Objectives: This study aims at evaluating MRI imaging pattern of orbital masses and their correlation with
histopathology. Materials and method: 55 patients with suspected orbital mass referred to Department of Radiology fullling the inclusion
criteria were included in the study. Contrast enhanced MRI orbit was performed and ndings recorded. MRI ndings were corelated with
histopathology. Results: Amongst 55 patients, 37 were males(67.27%) and 18 were female(32.73%).The patient age ranged from 1 month to 69 yr.
The orbital masses consist of 28 malignant and 27 benign masses amongst which uveal melanoma and inammatory masses were the most
common respectively. Conclusion:The presentstudy concludes that MRI is extremely useful modality to characterize orbital masses.
ASSOCIATION OF LIPID PROFILE AMONG THE HYPERTENSIVE IN COMPARISON TO NORMOTENSIVE PATIENTS IN OUR INSTITUTION
Authors: Shanker Singh Anand , Radhika G. , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are associated with oxidative stress and are major causes of cardiovascular disease amounting to
30% of global death rate. It is widely accepted that cardiovascular disease is associated with hypertension and increased blood levels of low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides. In contrast, a low level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is a risk factor for mortality
from cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is a major public health problem in developed and developing countries.
Methods: This study was a cross sectional study in which 159 diagnosed hypertensive patient and 75 with normal blood pressure (normotensive)
were enrolled. These patients sought a through health cheek up including blood pressure assessment between May 2020 to April 2021
Results: The mean of Systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive were higher than normotensive (p<0.001). The serum
levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-C in hypertensive subject were higher than normotensive and statistically signicant (p<0.001).
Serum HDL-C was signicantly lower (p<0.001) in hypertensive patients than in normotensive.
Conclusion: Hypertensive patients have been found to have close association with dyslipidemia. Hypertensive patients need measurement of
blood pressure and lipid prole at regular interval to prevent heart diseases and stroke
EFFECTIVENESS OF EPIDURAL INJECTION UNDER FLOUROSCOPIC GUIDANCE IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN WITH BILATERAL LOWER LIMB RADICULOPATHY
Authors: Sidhdhapuria Pratik , Patel Dhruv , Mehta Ekta , Patel Suny
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Chronic Low back pain with lumbosacral radiculopathy is one of the most common complain amongst patient in any orthopaedic
out patient department . Therapeutic management of this problem is still a big task. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation stands out to be most
common cause , others include spinal stenosis , disc degeneration, post lumbar surgery syndrome. Epidural injections are used in patients with
chronic low back pain with radiculopathy not relieved by conservative management. The aim of the study was to check the efcacy of uoroscopy
guided epidural Injection of local anaesthetic and steroid in chronic low back pain with bilateral lower limb radiculopathy and compare the results
with existing data of blind epidural injection without uoroscopic control.
Materials And Method: The study was conducted among 52 patients visiting our out patient department at SMIMER hospital with complain of
chronic low back pain bilateral lower limb radiculopathy not responding to conservative treatment. Outcomes were evaluated on the basis of pain
relief (VAS score was used pre and post procedure), improvement in Oswestry low back disability score ,short term relief -6 months and long term
relief > 6 months. Secondary outcome measure was functional status , psychological status and return to work.
Results: In our study of 52 patients with chronic low back pain with bilateral lower limb radiculopathy not responding to medications, epidural
injection was given under uoroscopic guidance after which 90.3%(47 patients) reported signicant improvement with mean VAS score
improvement to 1.89 post procedure from mean score of 8.89 post procedure. Oswestry low back disability score decreased post procedure to 9%
from pre-procedure score of 56.8%. No complications were reported in our study group.
Conclusion: Epidural steroid injection is an effective treatment for the patients with chronic low back pain with bilateral lower limb radiculopathy
not responding to therapeutic treatment. It is cost effective, safe and minimizes use of analgesics, allows early return to work and prevents or
postpones surgical intervention needed for the same. Fluoroscopy adds on the benet of precision and accuracy of the epidural space for injection
leading to increased efcacy and no requirement of sequential dosage as in epidural injection without uoroscopy due to lack of accuracy in that.
A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF SHEAR WAVE ELASTOGRAPHY IN CHARACTERIZATION OF THYROID NODULE USING CYTOLOGY AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Gupta Shivangi , Mannan Naima , Mendiratta Kuldeep
Published: February 2022

Background- Sonographic characterisation of thyroid nodular disease has been always challenging for radiologists. Histopathology is the gold
standard but it is invasive. Our study aims to assess the role Shear wave Elastography (SWE) in differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid
nodules, taking cytology as the gold standard.
Material and method- A Prospesctive study was done on patient with 62 clinically suspected thyroid nodule who were refered for USG . Grayscale USG and SWE were then performed using 14 MHz linear transducer
Results- Out of 62 nodule 24 were malignent and 38 were benign on cytology . SWE is done and Elasticity values were calculated. SWE values
were higher in malignant nodule than benign nodules The cut off value of E for thyroid nodules is taken as 53.95 kPa with sensitivity of 89.47% . max
Thus SWE proved signicant role in differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules (p value <0.001).
Conclusion- Shear wave elastography being a noninvasive technique can provide quantitative information on differentiating benign and
malignant thyroid nodules thus can be used as an adjunct method to ultrasound.