bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New insights into the burden and costs of multiple sclerosis in Europe: Results for Germany
Authors: Flachenecker Peter , Kobelt Gisela , Berg Jenny , Capsa Daniela , Gannedahl Mia ,   The European Multiple Sclerosis Platform
Published: June 2017

Introduction:

To estimate the value of interventions in multiple sclerosis (MS) – where lifetime costs and outcomes cannot be observed – outcome data have to be combined with costs. This requires that cost data be regularly updated.

Objectives and methods:

This study is part of a cross-sectional retrospective study in 16 countries collecting data on resource consumption and work capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and prevalent symptoms for patients with MS. Descriptive analyses are presented by level of severity, from the societal perspective, in EUR 2015.

Results:

A total of 5475 patients (mean age 52 years) participated in Germany. In all, 84% were below retirement age, and of these, 51% were employed. Employment was related to disease severity, and MS affected productivity at work for 80% of patients. Overall, 96% and 78% of patients experienced fatigue and cognitive difficulties as a problem, respectively. The mean utility and total annual costs were 0.786 and 28,200€ at Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 0–3, 0.586 and €44,000 at EDSS 4–6.5 and 0.273 and €62,700 at EDSS 7–9, respectively. The mean cost of a relapse was estimated at €2500.

Conclusion:

This study provides current health economic data on MS in Germany that are important for the development of health policies and for estimating the value of the current and future treatments.
Formative Assessment Using Direct Behavior Ratings: Evaluating Intervention Effects of Daily Behavior Report Cards
Authors: Sims Wesley A. , Riley-Tillman Chris , Cohen Daniel R.
Published: June 2017

This study examined the treatment sensitivity of Direct Behavior Rating–Single Item Scales (DBR-SIS) in response to an evidence-based intervention delivered in a single-case, multiple-baseline design. DBR-SIS was used as a formative assessment in conjunction with a frequently used intervention in schools, a Daily Behavior Report Card (DRC). The intervention and concurrent assessment were conducted by five teachers in a rural Midwestern elementary school with five male students displaying mild to moderate behavioral challenges in the classroom. Study findings indicated DBR-SIS displays appropriate treatment sensitivity following intervention implementation. Agreement in the documentation of response and nonresponse to intervention implementation between DBR-SIS and systematic direct observation (SDO) data was evident across visual and empirical analyses. In addition, through a multiple-baseline design, this study documented negligible to no change in student behavior following implementation of a DRC in an applied classroom setting. These findings support previous calls for continued examination of the forms and components of DRC employed in schools. Finally, the study found educators rated the use of a combined DRC intervention and progress monitoring with DBR-SIS as favorable.
There Is No Solution!: “Wicked Problems” in Digital Games
Authors: Bosman Frank G.
Published: June 2017

Ethical gameplay can be defined as “the outcome of a game sequence in which players take definitive choices based on moral thinking, rather than instrumental thinking.” Often moral problems presented by video games can be solved easily once the ethical framework of the game is understood, or on the basis of help from the visible moral feedback of the game, or simply by experimenting with the different outcomes by using the game’s saving/loading system. In this article, I focus on the nature of the moral problems it presents to the player with the help of the notion of “wicked problems.” Using four case studies from two games that heavily rely on ethical gameplay, I will differentiate between four kinds of moral problems arising from ethical gameplay: tame moral problems, semiwicked problems, real wicked problems, and super wicked problems, each of which present a greater (moral) challenge to the player.
Chinese collective memory on the Internet: Remembering the Great Famine in online encyclopaedias
Authors: Gustafsson Karl
Published: June 2017

Recent research on how the Great Chinese Famine was debated on Weibo, the Chinese equivalent of Twitter, in 2012 suggests that information and communication technologies can challenge official versions of the past and increase pluralism in collective memory narratives in authoritarian states. This article suggests that analysing change in the treatment of the famine in Chinese online encyclopaedias during and following the debate helps us further explore the debate’s impact. Moreover, it allows us to determine the extent to which Chinese online encyclopaedias function as the type of memory place that previous research on Wikipedia in other contexts might lead us to expect. The article concludes that the changes made to the narratives about the Great Famine in Chinese online encyclopaedias following the debate were rather limited and that the Chinese online encyclopaedias have not yet developed into participatory and pluralistic memory places that challenge official narratives.
The role of natalizumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: benefits and risks
Authors: Singer Barry A.
Published: June 2017

Natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks lymphocyte infiltration in the central nervous system, is a valuable tool in the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). In a phase III clinical trial comparing natalizumab with placebo over 2 years, natalizumab reduced annualized relapse rate by 68%, 12-week confirmed disability progression by 42%, and reduced contrast-enhancing lesions by 92%. In post hoc analyses, natalizumab treatment was associated with 37% of patients achieving no evidence of disease activity ( versus 7% on placebo) and 30% achieving sustained disability improvement ( versus 19% on placebo). Natalizumab did not achieve a statistically significant primary composite disability outcome in a trial of 887 patients with secondary progressive MS, but it did demonstrate a benefit on a prespecified component of the 9-Hole Peg Test. The greatest risk of natalizumab treatment is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), with a 23% mortality rate. Risk stratification on the basis of immunosuppressant exposure, natalizumab treatment duration and anti-John Cunningham virus (JCV) antibody status and index has greatly improved clinical decision making. Other potential serious natalizumab-associated risks reported in clinical trials and postmarketing settings include infusion reactions, hepatotoxicity and rare, serious opportunistic infections. With more than a decade of continuous postmarketing experience, natalizumab remains a very effective option for patients with relapsing forms of MS. To optimize appropriate selection of natalizumab for patients with relapsing MS, however, a thorough understanding of individual patient risk factors for PML or other adverse events is also required.
Corticosteroid Administration to Prevent Complications of Anterior Cervical Spine Fusion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zadegan Shayan Abdollah , Jazayeri Seyed Behnam , Abedi Aidin , Bonaki Hirbod Nasiri , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa
Published: June 2017

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Objectives:

Anterior cervical approach is associated with complications such as dysphagia and airway compromise. In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literature on the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid administration as a preventive measure of such complications in anterior cervical spine surgery with fusion.

Methods:

Following a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases in July 2016, all comparative human studies that evaluated the effect of steroids for prevention of complications in anterior cervical spine surgery with fusion were included, irrespective of number of levels and language. Risk of bias was assessed using MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) checklist and Cochrane Back and Neck group recommendations, for nonrandomized and randomized studies, respectively.

Results:

Our search yielded 556 articles, of which 9 studies (7 randomized controlled trials and 2 non–randomized controlled trials) were included in the final review. Dysphagia was the most commonly evaluated complication, and in most studies, its severity or incidence was significantly lower in the steroid group. Although prevertebral soft tissue swelling was less commonly assessed, the results were generally in favor of steroid use. The evidence for airway compromise and length of hospitalization was inconclusive. Steroid-related complications were rare, and in both studies that evaluated the fusion rate, it was comparable between steroid and control groups in long-term follow-up.

Conclusions:

Current literature supports the use of steroids for prevention of complications in anterior cervical spine surgery with fusion. However, evidence is limited by substantial risk of bias and small number of studies reporting key outcomes.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is a novel specific molecular target in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Narita Tomoko , Ishida Takashi , Ito Asahi , Masaki Ayako , Kinoshita Shiori , Suzuki Susumu , Takino Hisashi , Yoshida Takashi , Ri Masaki , Kusumoto Shigeru , Komatsu Hirokazu , Imada Kazunori , Tanaka Yuetsu , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi , Inagaki Hiroshi , Scholz Arne , Lienau Philip , Kuroda Taruho , Ueda Ryuzo , Iida Shinsuke
Published: June 2017

Key Points

BAY 1143572, a novel and selective P-TEFb/CDK9 inhibitor, possessed significant antitumor activity against primary ATL cells in vitro. BAY 1143572 possessed significant antitumor activity in an ATL mouse model based on tumor cells from a patient.
Direct oral anticoagulants for treatment of HIT: update of Hamilton experience and literature review
Authors: Warkentin Theodore E. , Pai Menaka , Linkins Lori-Ann
Published: June 2017

Key Points

New data plus a literature review documented new thrombosis in only 1 (2.2%) of 46 patients with acute HIT who were treated with rivaroxaban. The literature review found similarly favorable results, albeit with fewer patients, when apixaban and dabigatran were used to treat acute HIT.
Role of MyD88 signaling in the imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis: focus on innate myeloid cells
Authors: Costa Sara , Marini Olivia , Bevilacqua Dalila , DeFranco Anthony L , Hou Baidong , Lonardi Silvia , Vermi William , Rodegher Pamela , Panato Anna , Tagliaro Franco , Lowell Clifford A , Cassatella Marco A , Girolomoni Giampiero , Scapini Patrizia
Published: June 2017

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease associated with deregulated activation of immune cells and keratinocytes. In this study, we used the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis to dissect better the contribution of hematopoietic and skin-resident stromal cells to psoriasis development. The comparison of disease development in mice carrying the hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of MyD88 (Myd88fl/flVav-cre+ mice) with mice carrying the total MyD88 deficiency (Myd88−/− mice), we show that the progression of skin and systemic inflammation, as well as of epidermal thickening, was completely dependent on MyD88 expression in hematopoietic cells. However, both Myd88−/− mouse strains developed some degree of epidermal thickening during the initial stages of IMQ-induced psoriasis, even in the absence of hematopoietic cell activation and infiltration into the skin, suggesting a contribution of MyD88-independent mechanisms in skin-resident stromal cells. With the use of conditional knockout mouse strains lacking MyD88 in distinct lineages of myeloid cells (Myd88fl/flLysM-cre+ and Myd88fl/flMRP8-cre+ mice), we report that MyD88 signaling in monocytes and Mϕ, but not in neutrophils, plays an important role in disease propagation and exacerbation by modulating their ability to sustain γδ T cell effector functions via IL-1β and IL-23 production. Overall, these findings add new insights into the specific contribution of skin-resident stromal vs. hematopoietic cells to disease initiation and progression in the IMQ-induced mouse model of psoriasis and uncover a potential novel pathogenic role for monocytes/Mϕ to psoriasis development.
Forecasting reservoir performance by mapping seismic emissions
Authors: Sicking Charles , Vermilye Jan , Yaner Ashley
Published: June 2017

Streaming depth imaging (SDI) is a modified version of Kirchhoff migration that images the intensity and distribution of weak seismic waves emitted from rocks at depth. These images reveal the locations of the fractures and fracture networks in the reservoir. SDI allows for more informed forecasts for drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and reservoir management than is provided by traditional microearthquake mapping methods. Using passive data from surface and near-surface geophone grids, SDI integrates the seismic emissions over time to form the fracture activity volume. The fracture systems and the active production volume (APV) of the reservoir are calculated from this activity volume. In situ wellbore measurements indicate that the preexisting fracture systems in the reservoir rocks have substantial impact on the placement of the fluids during the hydraulic fracture treatment. They also strongly influence the locations of maximum oil and gas production and the decline rates of resource production. Mapping the fracture systems in the reservoir before drilling provides a strong forecasting value for optimal production sites for well placement. SDI can forecast hydraulic fracturing performance and improve the estimates of resource production volumes. Mapping the activity volumes during hydraulic fracturing shows the placement of the fluids during the treatment. SDI helps forecast the locations along the well that will have the best production. Time lapse mapping of the APV periodically during production shows the zones that are producing fluids and how they change over time. Our case histories indicate that this new seismic method has great promise for improved management of unconventional resources.
Επισκευάζοντας τα τείχη της Κωνσταντινούπολης: αυτοκρατορικές πρωτοβουλίες κατά την ύστερη βυζαντινή περίοδο
Authors: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Αντώνης
Published: June 2017

Repairing the walls of Constantinople: Emperors’ initiatives during the late byzantine period The aim of this study is to present the initiatives of the late Byzantine period emperors regarding repairs, reconstruction or reinforcement of the fortification walls of Constantinople. These initiatives are examined in the context  of the particular circumstances of each period, i.e. when external enemies were threatening the Byzantine capital or when the imperial treasury was impoverished, a problem which almost all the emperors of the period in question faced and which inevitably was, for each one of them, a constraint in implementing a complete wall-repairing plan.The repairs to the walls were mostly occasional: they would be done when need arose and according to the funding available. However, even until the first quarter of the 15th century, the walls could protect effectively Constantinople against the aspirant conquerors. The balance changed with the emergence and evolution of firearms and their widespread use by the Ottomans. The agony of the residents concerning the strength of the walls was widespread, as recorded in historiographical texts of the time, orations, etc. The ambitious efforts of John VIII to undertake an extensive restoration program for the walls in the years 1433-1444, with the financial support of private sources, was a last attempt of defense against a superior enemy.
How ‘snapshot moments’ indicate secure learning
Authors: Barber Jenny
Published: June 2017

In an extract from her new Practical Pre-School Book, Jenny Barber looks at how practitioners can recognise the signs that children are actively learning, and how they can build on that by planning appropriate activities.
‘Let Max know it is OK to have accidents’
Authors: Miller Hilda
Published: June 2017

Max is nearly four years old but still refuses to open his bowels on the potty. Are we right to suggest he goes back into nappies at nursery? Hilda Miller, nursery SENCO, suggests how to approach this sensitive situation.
‘Blue is a balloon’
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: June 2017

Use Brenda Williams' poem to investigate pink and blue as the colours of summer. Invite children to make links with their favourite things – such as a pink bucket and spade and a bright blue sky.
How do attachment styles impact on child behaviour?
Authors: Blank Jo , Matthews Gill
Published: June 2017

Understanding the basics of attachment theory is key to nurturing children's well-being and their disposition to learn. In this Practical Pre-School Book extract, authors Jo Blank and Gill Matthews provide an accessible guide.
Fair and square
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: June 2017

Try these activities to support two-year-olds to identify squares in different contexts and to talk about their properties using the correct vocabulary. Link their understanding to the world around them.
Pasta possibilities
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: June 2017

Pasta is a familiar resource for pre-schools and its potential for creative activities is endless. Try these fun ideas that encourage sensory exploration and child-led artworks they will want to take home.
EYFS explained
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: June 2017

When parents enrol their child at a nursery or pre-school it is likely to be the first time they come into contact with the Early Years Foundation Stage. Annette Rawstrone provides a guide to the framework.
In the round
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: June 2017

Circles are a fascinating shape for two-year-olds to explore. Bring children together for some exuberant circle games that involve collaboration, and which will boost confidence and participation.
Design of Portable Beverage Cooler Using One Stage Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) Module
Authors: Aziz Azridjal , Mainil Rahmat Iman , Mainil Afdhal Kurniawan , Syafri Sayfri , Syukrillah Muhammad Faizal
Published: June 2017

The Portable Beverage Cooler (PBC) has been designed to satisfy the need of cooler apparatus that could be carried easily. The utilization of this apparatus was intended to minimize the environmental damage affected by vapour compression refrigeration system using CFCs Refrigerant. The peltier effect from thermoelectric module was utilized in this PBC and called as Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC). Furthermore, heat-sink and fan were needed to ensure the cooling effect continously worked. To achieved the objectives of this machine (portable, environment-friendly, low watt, affordable), the design consideration are heat load, insulating material, weight of components, electric consumption, and dimension of the cooling box.  The results of the design shows the PBC cooling box dimension is 6 cm x 6.5 x 15 cm. The insulation of the PBC cooling box are polyurethane foam and polystyrene expanded with thickness 6 mm and 5.3 mm, respectively. The alumunium plate was applied as inner wall to enhance the cooling capacity of cooling room temperature. In this PBC was used one stage of TEC that could yield cooling room temperature until 15 oC in 30 minutes operation by consuming 20 W of electricity.
Designing Health Information Technology Tools to Prevent Gaps in Public Health Insurance
Authors: Hall Jennifer D , Harding Rose L , DeVoe Jennifer E , Gold Rachel , Angier Heather , Sumic Aleksandra , Nelson Christine A , Likumahuwa-Ackman Sonja , Cohen Deborah J
Published: June 2017

Background: Changes in health insurance policies have increased coverage opportunities, but enrollees are required to annually reapply for benefits which, if not managed appropriately, can lead to insurance gaps. Electronic health records (EHRs) can automate processes for assisting patients with health insurance enrollment and re-enrollment.Objective: We describe community health centers' (CHC) workflow, documentation, and tracking needs for assisting families with insurance application processes, and the health information technology (IT) tool components that were developed to meet those needs.Method: We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and observation of clinic operations and insurance application assistance processes. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. We diagramed workflows and shared information with a team of developers who built the EHR-based tools.Results: Four steps to the insurance assistance workflow were common among CHCs: 1) Identifying patients for public health insurance application assistance; 2) Completing and submitting the public health insurance application when clinic staff met with patients to collect requisite information and helped them apply for benefits; 3) Tracking public health insurance approval to monitor for decisions; and 4) assisting with annual health insurance reapplication. We developed EHR-based tools to support clinical staff with each of these steps.Conclusion: CHCs are uniquely positioned to help patients and families with public health insurance applications. CHCs have invested in staff to assist patients with insurance applications and help prevent coverage gaps. To best assist patients and to foster efficiency, EHR based insurance tools need comprehensive, timely, and accurate health insurance information.
The concept of ‘logic’ and ‘logical’ in the official documents of the Pope Benedict XVI in comparison with the approach present in John Paul II encyclicals
Authors: Lapis Włodzimierz
Published: June 2017

The article discusses the meaning of the words ‘logic’ and ‘logical’ as used by Pope Benedict XVI in the Encyclicals and Apostolic Exhortations. The approach of Benedict XVI is then compared with that of Pope John Paul II (as analyzed in Lapis (2011)).
Dublin, Trinity College, MS 492: A New Witness to the Old English Bede and its Twelfth-Century Context
Authors: Faulkner Mark
Published: June 2017

This article draws attention to a series of seven English annotations in a mid-twelfth-century copy of Bede’sHistoria ecclesiasticafrom Bury St Edmunds. It demonstrates that the annotations reflect the comparison of Bede’s Latin with a now-lost manuscript of the Old English Bede shortly after the twelfth-century codex’s production. The annotations are shown to hold a respect for the authority of the Old English Bede that contrasts with the prevailing twelfth-century attitude of gentle suspicion towards earlier vernacular translations.
Performance analysis of automated evaluation of Crithidia luciliae-based indirect immunofluorescence tests in a routine setting – strengths and weaknesses
Authors: Hormann Wymke , Hahn Melanie , Gerlach Stefan , Hochstrate Nicola , Affeldt Kai , Giesen Joyce , Fechner Kai , Damoiseaux Jan G.M.C.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Antibodies directed against dsDNA are a highly specific diagnostic marker for the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus and of particular importance in its diagnosis. To assess anti-dsDNA antibodies, the Crithidia luciliae-based indirect immunofluorescence test (CLIFT) is one of the assays considered to be the best choice. To overcome the drawback of subjective result interpretation that inheres indirect immunofluorescence assays in general, automated systems have been introduced into the market during the last years. Among these systems is the EUROPattern Suite, an advanced automated fluorescence microscope equipped with different software packages, capable of automated pattern interpretation and result suggestion for ANA, ANCA and CLIFT analysis.

Methods:

We analyzed the performance of the EUROPattern Suite with its automated fluorescence interpretation for CLIFT in a routine setting, reflecting the everyday life of a diagnostic laboratory. Three hundred and twelve consecutive samples were collected, sent to the Central Diagnostic Laboratory of the Maastricht University Medical Centre with a request for anti-dsDNA analysis over a period of 7 months.

Results:

Agreement between EUROPattern assay analysis and the visual read was 93.3%. Sensitivity and specificity were 94.1% and 93.2%, respectively. The EUROPattern Suite performed reliably and greatly supported result interpretation.

Conclusions:

Automated image acquisition is readily performed and automated image classification gives a reliable recommendation for assay evaluation to the operator. The EUROPattern Suite optimizes workflow and contributes to standardization between different operators or laboratories.
Stalin’s Biblical Hermeneutics: From 2 Thessalonians 3 to Acts 4
Authors: Boer Roland
Published: June 2017

This article concerns the creative reinterpretation of two biblical texts in the thought of Joseph Stalin: 2 Thessalonians 3:10 and Acts 4:32 and 35. Indeed, “anyone unwilling to work should not eat” became the hermeneutical frame through which the text from Acts 4, “everything they owned was held in common (…) They laid it at the apostles’ feet, and it was distributed to each as any had need,” was reinterpreted. Already from 1917, the text of 2 Thessalonians was used by Lenin to define what would soon be called socialism, in distinction from communism (the distinction was itself a Bolshevik innovation). Stalin would make much greater use of the text, extending the sense of those not working – the idle capitalists and bourgeoisie – to those who lagged behind in the project of creating socialism. Further, it became the interpretive key for reworking the communist slogan, “from each according to ability, to each according to need” (itself a gloss on Acts 4) into a slogan for socialism, “from each according to ability, to each according to work.” These two forms of the slogan became the means to distinguish socialism from communism. The result of this process of biblical reinterpretation was the appearance of both biblical texts – one quoted and one glossed – in the “Stalin” Constitution of 1936. Throughout I seek to understand Stalin’s thought on the basis of his writings, without taking sides in the perpetual polarization over his legacy.
Long-term follow-up of a child with Klinefelter syndrome and achondroplasia from infancy to 16 years
Authors: Arditi Jessica D. , Thomaidis Loretta , Frysira Helen , Doulgeraki Artemis , Chrousos George P. , Kanaka-Gantenbein Christina
Published: June 2017

Background:

Achondroplasia (ACH), an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia, occurs in approximately 1:20,000 births. On the other hand, 47,XXY aneuploidy (Klinefelter syndrome [KS]) is the most common sex chromosome disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 1:600 males. To the best of our knowledge, only five cases of patients presenting both ACH and KS have been reported to date in the international literature. However, none of these cases has been longitudinally followed during the entire childhood.

Case presentation:

We report a male patient with ACH and KS, diagnosed in early infancy because of his typical phenotype of ACH. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular analysis revealing a de novo heterozygous 1138 G-to-A mutation of the

Conclusions:

This is the first reported case with both conditions that was diagnosed in infancy and was longitudinally followed by a pediatric endocrinology team regularly, from infancy to late adolescence. With a typical phenotype of ACH, it is striking and noteworthy that he did not develop the classical endocrine complications of a child with KS, neither did he necessitate testosterone supplementation during his pubertal development, due to his normal virilization and testosterone levels.
Induced Voltage in an Open Wire
Authors: Morawetz K. , Gilbert M. , Trupp A.
Published: June 2017

A puzzle arising from Faraday’s law has been considered and solved concerning the question which voltage will be induced in an open wire with a time-varying homogeneous magnetic field. In contrast to closed wires where the voltage is determined by the time variance of the magnetic field and the enclosed area, in an open wire we have to integrate the electric field along the wire. It is found that the longitudinal electric field with respect to the wave vector contributes with 1/3 and the transverse field with 2/3 to the induced voltage. In order to find the electric fields the sources of the magnetic fields are necessary to know. The representation of a spatially homogeneous and time-varying magnetic field implies unavoidably a certain symmetry point or symmetry line which depend on the geometry of the source. As a consequence the induced voltage of an open wire is found to be the area covered with respect to this symmetry line or point perpendicular to the magnetic field. This in turn allows to find the symmetry points of a magnetic field source by measuring the voltage of an open wire placed with different angles in the magnetic field. We present exactly solvable models of the Maxwell equations for a symmetry point and for a symmetry line, respectively. The results are applicable to open circuit problems like corrosion and for astrophysical applications.
A role for TET2 in parathyroid carcinoma
Authors: Barazeghi Elham , Gill Anthony J , Sidhu Stan , Norlén Olov , Dina Roberto , Palazzo F Fausto , Hellman Per , Stålberg Peter , Westin Gunnar
Published: June 2017

Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is rarely caused by parathyroid carcinoma (PC, <1–5% of pHPT cases). The TET proteins oxidize the epigenetic mark 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and inactivation by mutation or epigenetic deregulation ofTET1andTET2play important roles in various cancers. Recently, we found that 5hmC was severely reduced in all of the analyzed PCs and with deranged expression of TET1 for the majority of PCs. Here, we have examined the expression of the TET2 protein in 15 5hmC-negative PCs from patients who had local invasion or metastases. Cell growth and cell migratory roles for TET2 as well as epigenetic deregulated expression were addressed. Immunohistochemistry revealed very low/undetectable expression of TET2 in all PCs and verified for two PCs that were available for western blotting analysis. Knockdown of TET2 in the parathyroid cell line sHPT-1 resulted in increased cell growth and increased cell migration. DNA sequencing ofTET2in PCs revealed two common variants and no obvious inactivating mutations. Quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing analysis of theTET2promoter CpG island revealed higher CpG methylation level in the PCs compared to that in normal tissues and treatment of a PC primary cell culture with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine caused increased expression of the methylatedTET2gene. Hence, the data suggest that deregulated expression ofTET2by DNA hypermethylation may contribute to the aberrantly low level of 5hmC in PCs and further that TET2 plays a cell growth and cell migratory regulatory role and may constitute a parathyroid tumor suppressor gene.
Phenotypic Diagnosis of Lineage and Differentiation During Sake Yeast Breeding
Authors: Ohnuki Shinsuke , Okada Hiroki , Friedrich Anne , Kanno Yoichiro , Goshima Tetsuya , Hasuda Hirokazu , Inahashi Masaaki , Okazaki Naoto , Tamura Hiroyasu , Nakamura Ryo , Hirata Dai , Fukuda Hisashi , Shimoi Hitoshi , Kitamoto Katsuhiko , Watanabe Daisuke , Schacherer Joseph , Akao Takeshi , Ohya Yoshikazu
Published: June 2017

Sake yeast was developed exclusively in Japan. Its diversification during breeding remains largely uncharacterized. To evaluate the breeding processes of the sake lineage, we thoroughly investigated the phenotypes and differentiation of 27 sake yeast strains using high-dimensional, single-cell, morphological phenotyping. Although the genetic diversity of the sake yeast lineage is relatively low, its morphological diversity has expanded substantially compared to that of the Saccharomycescerevisiae species as a whole. Evaluation of the different types of breeding processes showed that the generation of hybrids (crossbreeding) has more profound effects on cell morphology than the isolation of mutants (mutation breeding). Analysis of phenotypic robustness revealed that some sake yeast strains are more morphologically heterogeneous, possibly due to impairment of cellular network hubs. This study provides a new perspective for studying yeast breeding genetics and micro-organism breeding strategies.
The Frontiers of Service-Learning at Canadian Universities
Authors: Kricsfalusy Vladimir , Zecevic Aleksandra , Assanand Sunaina , Bigelow Ann , Gaudet Marla
Published: June 2017

Service learning is a form of experiential learning that cultivates academic development, personal growth, and civic engagement. Students contribute to and learn from community. Service learning empowers students, enabling them to recognize their ability to act as agents of social change. Service learning is gaining momentum as a movement, given its ability to prepare students for the “real world” after graduation. The authors of this article come from health sciences, psychology, and environment and sustainability. Here, we illustrate service learning through four case studies: 1) An innovative team-based service-learning course partnering with older adults, healthcare providers and community agencies (Gerontology in Practice, Western University); 2) A unique curriculum design that includes service learning and interdisciplinary graduate problem-based training and research focused on experimental education (Environmental Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan); 3) An international service learning course that combines intensive coursework and a 3-month placement with a non-profit, community-based organization in Africa (Psychology and Developing Societies, University of British Columbia); and 4) An extraordinary example of an institutional-level commitment to service learning involving 50 courses, 40 faculty, 100 community agencies, and 900 students per year (St. Francis Xavier University). Our goal is to inspire other educators to engage in the pursuit of excellence in higher education through service learning.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SABUN PADAT TRANSPARAN YANG DIPERKAYA DENGAN EKSTRAK KASAR KAROTENOID Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: Agustini Wayan , Winarni Agustina H.
Published: June 2017

Sabun berfungsi membersihkan kulit, tidak merusak kulit serta mampu melindungi kulit dari efek radikal bebas. Senyawa yang mampu menangkal radikal bebas adalah antioksidan yang antara lain bersumber dari Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak kasar karotenoid C. pyrenoidosa yang diformulasikan pada sabun padat transparan dan karakteristik sabun yang dihasilkan. Konsentrasi ekstrak kasar karotenoid yang digunakan adalah 5%, 10% dan 15%. Sabun padat transparan dibuat dengan metode setengah panas (semi-boiled). Evaluasi sediaan meliputi warna, kekerasan sabun, pH, kadar air, asam lemak bebas, lemak tidak tersabunkan, aktivitas antioksidan dan daya stabilitas sabun pada penyimpanan suhu 25-30 °C dan 60 °C selama 3 minggu. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa sabun padat transparan yang mengandung ekstrak kasar karotenoid sebanyak 5%, 10%, dan 15% memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut sebesar 66,42 µg/ml,              59,18 µg/ml, dan 10,21 µg/ml. Sabun padat transparan dengan kandungan ekstrak kasar karotenoid sebanyak 5% berwarna kuning neon carrot, ekstrak 10% berwarna kuning pizzaz dan ekstrak 15% berwarna kuning pumpkin. Seluruh sabun beraroma lemongrass. Sabun padat transparan memiliki nilai pH sebesar 9,31-10,47, kadar air 14,45-16,28%, kekerasan sabun 1,40-1,81 mm/detik, jumlah asam lemak bebas 0,42-0,68% dan lemak tidak tersabunkan 1,79-1,84%. Berdasarkan hasil uji stabilitas, sabun tahan disimpan dalam suhu kamar selama 2 tahun, karena sabun relatif stabil pada penyimpanan suhu 60 °C selama 3 minggu.
Concluding Commentary. Life Sciences in an Integrated Medical Curriculum: Continuing the Conversation
Authors: Keenan Iain D. , Jennings Barbara A.
Published: June 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. In our opening editorial, we contrasted the time devoted to delivering the Life Sciences curriculum, as a part of medical training, with the limited attention given to it within the medical education literature (Jennings & Keenan, 2017). In our experience, there are also few opportunities to present and discuss Life Sciences at medical education conferences and perhaps within the wider medical education community. We therefore started this conversation to provide a forum for consideration of the integration and delivery of Life Sciences teaching within medical curricula.
MicroRNAs in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Velikiy D. A. , Gichkun O. E. , Shevchenko O. P.
Published: June 2017

This review summarizes the current literature dedicated to the analysis of prognostic role of microRNAs in rejection of the transplanted heart. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and affect various cellular functions. Variations of their profiles are noted at various pathological processes and rejection of solid organs. Presumably, measuring the level of microRNAs in heart transplant may have diagnostic and prognostic value in the assessment of risk of rejection and possibility of minimizing immunosuppressive therapy. Currently, accumulated clinical data on the role of the given biomarkers in heart transplantation are not enough, and further research on the relation of microRNAs levels and different clinical and laboratory parameters in heart recipients is necessary.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with and without neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Vasconcelos Roberto André Torres de , Coscarelli Pedro Guimarães , Alvarenga Regina Papais , Acioly Marcus André
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT Objective In this study, we review the institution’s experience in treating malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). A secondary aim was to compare outcomes between MPNSTs with and without neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Methods Ninety-two patients with MPNSTs, over a period of 20 years, were reviewed. A retrospective chart review was performed. The median age was 43.5 years (range, 3–84 years) and 55.4% were female; 41 patients (44.6%) had NF1-associated tumors. Results Mean tumor sizes were 15.8 ± 8.2 cm and 10.8 ± 6.3 cm for patients with and without NF1, respectively. Combined two- and five-year overall survival was 48.5% and 29%. Multivariate analysis confirmed the association of tumor size greater than 10 cm (hazard ratio (HR) 2.99; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–7.85; p = 0.0258) and presence of NF1 (HR 3.41; 95%CI 1.88–6.19; p < 0.001) with a decreased overall survival. Conclusion Tumor size and NF1 status were the most important predictors of overall survival in our population.
NONLINEAR AGROMETEOROLOGICAL MODELS FOR ESTIMATING LYCHEE FRUIT GROWTH
Authors: APARECIDO LUCAS EDUARDO DE OLIVEIRA , FERREIRA RAFAEL BIBIANO , ROLIM GLAUCO DE SOUZA , SOUZA BIANCA SARZI DE , SOUZA PAULO SERGIO DE
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT The influence of climate on the development of lychee fruit is complex, but few studies have discussed the problem. We developed agrometeorological models for simulating the development of fruit fresh matter (FM), fruit dry matter (DM), fruit length (LE), fruit diameter (DI), fruit volume (VO), and fruit number per cluster (FN) of the “Bengal” lychee cultivar as functions of climatic conditions. We conducted three analyses: (a) the influence of mean meteorological elements on the rates of fruit growth, (b) estimation of fruit development by the agrometeorological models using sigmoidal adjustments, and (c) simulation of fruit development using multiple nonlinear regression of two meteorological elements to improve the accuracy. A rate of water deficit (WD) near 5 mm d-1 maximised FM, DM, LE, DI, and VO. Increases in potential evapotranspiration (PET), degree days (DD), and actual evapotranspiration (AET) were correlated with increases in VO and decreases in LE and NF. Models estimating fruit development indicated that the accumulation of WD, PET, AET, and DD had sigmoidal relationships with all variables of fruit growth except FN. FN decreased as WD, PET, AET, and DD increased. The adjusted multivariate models were accurate, with the largest error of 6.45 cm3 (VO). The best models were: FM = f(SWD, DD), LE = f(SAET, DD), DI = f(SWD, DD), VO = f(SWD, DD), and FN = f(SAET, WD).
SELECTION OF PEACH GENOTYPES FOR BIOCHEMICAL FRUIT QUALITY CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: FABIANE KELI CRISTINA , WAGNER JÚNIOR AMÉRICO , ZANELA JULIANO , HOSSEL CRISTIANO , CITADIN IDEMIR
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT Peach is much appreciated by consumers and its popularity is mainly related with organoleptic characteristics. However, with emergence of concepts of functional foods (health promoters), there is high interest to study and to quantify the biochemical components of fruits. The aim of this work was to perform the biochemical characterization of peach genotypes, evaluating the genetic diversity and selecting those with desirable biochemical qualities for use as parents in future breeding programs. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology - UTFPR - Campus of Dois Vizinhos, PR (Brazil), with fruits from 26 and 29 peach genotypes (Prunus persica) in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 crop years, respectively. The experimental design was entirely randomized, considering each genotype as treatment, using four replicates and four fruits per plot. Total and reducing sugars, total proteins, amino acids, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL) in fruits were evaluated. According to the results of two crop years, ‘Cascata 967’, ‘Conserva 985’, ‘Kampai’, ‘Tropic Snow’ and ‘Cascata 1055’ were selected as those with the highest levels of these compounds.
Tracheobronchial injuries in chest trauma: a 17-year experience
Authors: SAAD JR ROBERTO , GONÇALVES ROBERTO , DORGAN NETO VICENTE , PERLINGEIRO JACQUELINE ARANTES G. , RIVABEN JORGE HENRIQUE , BOTTER MÁRCIO , ASSEF JOSÉ CÉSAR
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to discuss the clinical and therapeutic aspects of tracheobronchial lesions in victims of thoracic trauma. Methods: we analyzed the medical records of patients with tracheobronchial lesions treated at the São Paulo Holy Home from April 1991 to June 2008. We established patients' severity through physiological (RTS) and anatomical trauma indices (ISS, PTTI). We used TRISS (Trauma Revised Injury Severity Score) to evaluate the probability of survival. Results: nine patients had tracheobronchial lesions, all males, aged between 17 and 38 years. The mean values of the trauma indices were: RTS - 6.8; ISS - 38; PTTI - 20.0; and TRISS - 0.78. Regarding the clinical picture, six patients displayed only emphysema of the thoracic wall or the mediastinum and three presented with hemodynamic or respiratory instability. The time interval from patient admission to diagnosis ranged from one hour to three days. Cervicotomy was performed in two patients and thoracotomy, in seven (77.7%), being bilateral in one case. Length of hospitalization ranged from nine to 60 days, mean of 21. Complications appeared in four patients (44%) and mortality was nil. Conclusion: tracheobronchial tree trauma is rare, it can evolve with few symptoms, which makes immediate diagnosis difficult, and presents a high rate of complications, although with low mortality.
Concepções e Modos de Viver em Família: A perspectiva de Mulheres Lésbicas que Têm Filhos
Authors: Lira Aline Nogueira de , Morais Normanda Araujo de , Boris Georges Daniel Janja Bloc
Published: June 2017

RESUMO Investigaram-se as concepções e modos de viver em família de quatro mulheres lésbicas que têm filhos. Utilizou-se uma entrevista aberta para coleta de dados e a análise baseou-se no método fenomenológico crítico. Os resultados mostraram que: (a) as estratégias para acesso à parentalidade (adoção, coparentalidade e relações heterossexuais anteriores) são diversas e ora reproduzem o binarismo heterossexual, ora o desnaturalizam; (b) a família foi caracterizada como um espaço afetivo e de proteção; e (c) a legalização do casamento foi percebida como uma forma de garantir direitos sociais e jurídicos. Ressalta-se a pluralidade e complexidade dessas famílias, ao mesmo tempo em que se mostra a inviabilidade de se traçar uma concepção única sobre as famílias homoparentais.
A Experiência Paterna da Gestação no Contexto da Reprodução Assistida
Authors: Sonego Joice Cadore , Dornelles Lia Mara Netto , Lopes Rita de Cássia Sobreira , Piccinini Cesar Augusto , Passos Eduardo Pandolfi
Published: June 2017

RESUMO Quando o projeto parental é inviabilizado em decorrência da infertilidade e o casal recorre às Técnicas de Reprodução Assistida (TRA), a construção da paternidade pode ser afetada. Este estudo qualitativo, que teve como objetivo investigar a experiência paterna da gestação nesse contexto, foi realizado com 13 pais cujas companheiras engravidaram por meio de TRA e se encontravam no terceiro trimestre gestacional A análise de conteúdo das entrevistas revelou que os participantes estavam envolvidos com a gestação e com o bebê, bem como com aceitação da ideia de se tornar pai. Destaca-se que essa vivência foi permeada pelas repercussões da infertilidade e do tratamento, o que pode trazer dificuldades e especificidades para a paternidade. Nesse contexto, em que o desejo e a realização da paternidade sofrem entraves desde seu início, é importante que se possa oferecer aos futuros pais o apoio de profissionais da área da saúde mental.
Tradução, Adaptação e Evidências Iniciais de Validade da Magical Ideation Scale
Authors: Vieira Philipe Gomes , Villemor-Amaral Anna Elisa de , Pianowski Giselle
Published: June 2017

RESUMO Magical Ideation Scale (MIS) é uma escala de autorrelato que avalia pensamentos mágicos, fenômeno ligado à esquizofrenia. Este trabalho procurou adaptar a MIS à cultura brasileira, bem como investigar sua sensibilidade discriminativa a partir de um estudo de validade. Na etapa de adaptação, 283 sujeitos responderam a MIS, marcando palavras e itens incompreendidos. Posteriormente, administrou-se a escala a 70 sujeitos divididos em grupos: Pacientes e Não-pacientes. A comparação do desempenho de ambos foi obtida por meio do teste t de Student, revelando diferença significativa e de acentuada magnitude, conforme d de Cohen. A correlação de Pearson entre o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e a MIS evidenciou associação positiva de expressiva magnitude. Interpretam-se os resultados como evidências de validade para a MIS.
Avaliação de Beneficiárias Ribeirinhas da Amazônia sobre o Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Santos Thamyris Maués dos , Silva Simone Souza da Costa , Koller Silvia Helena
Published: June 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a avaliação de mães ribeirinhas amazônicas beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família sobre sua participação no programa. Portanto, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo com quatro mães moradoras de uma ilha Combú, pertencente ao município de Belém (PA), que participavam do Programa Bolsa Família. Um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestrutrada foram aplicados para compreender como essas mães avaliavam sua vida antes e após a participação no programa. Os resultados sugerem mudanças ocorridas após a inserção no programa, como a diminuição da dependência à renda do marido, maior planejamento na realização dos gastos e a atual inexistência de situações nas quais não houvesse alimento. O programa possui uma importância concreta na organização econômica das famílias, proporcionando maior senso de segurança e estabilidade.