bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Η δημογραφική και εκπαιδευτική κατάσταση της πόλης της Κατερίνης κατά την περίοδο 1968-1978: Το παράδειγμα των Ιδιωτικών Εκπαιδευτηρίων Γουίδη
Authors: Καλλέργης Στέργιος
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει τις αλλαγές που έλαβαν χώρα στην πόλη της Κατερίνης σε κοινωνικό και εκπαιδευτικό επίπεδο κατά τα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ’60 και της δεκαετίας του ‘70. Η περίοδος 1968-1978 ήταν ιδιαίτερα σημαντική για την Ελλάδα, καθώς συνδέεται με πολιτικές και κοινωνικές αλλαγές, όπως η Δικτατορία των Συνταγματαρχών και η Μεταπολίτευση, ενώ σε τοπικό επίπεδο υπήρξε και η μετανάστευση, τόσο εκτός χώρας όσο και της εσωτερικής μετανάστευσης. Σε δημογραφικό επίπεδο, η Κατερίνη βίωσε αύξηση του πληθυσμού της, γεγονός που συνδέεται με τη γενικότερη μεταπολεμική αστικοποίηση της Ελλάδας. Η αύξηση αυτή δημιούργησε νέες ανάγκες στον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης, τόσο της δημόσιας όσο και της ιδιωτικής. Το παράδειγμα των ιδιωτικών εκπαιδευτηρίων Γουίδη είναι χαρακτηριστικό της εκπαιδευτικής ανάπτυξης της περιοχής. Τα εκπαιδευτήρια αυτά ανταποκρίθηκαν στην ανάγκη για ποιοτική εκπαίδευση και λειτούργησαν ως ένα σημαντικό εκπαιδευτικό κέντρο στην πόλη. Παράλληλα, προσέφεραν δυνατότητες πρόσβασης σε πιο εξατομικευμένη μάθηση, ενισχύοντας την εκπαιδευτική δυναμική της Κατερίνης. Συνοψίζοντας, η συγκεκριμένη περίοδος για την Κατερίνη χαρακτηρίστηκε από δημογραφικές αλλαγές και εκπαιδευτική ανάπτυξη, με τα ιδιωτικά εκπαιδευτήρια Γουίδη να διαδραματίζουν σημαντικό ρόλο στην κάλυψη των εκπαιδευτικών αναγκών της εποχής. Σκοπός λοιπόν της παρούσης εργασίας, είναι να παρουσιάσει τον πληθυσμό και την φυσική κίνηση της Κατερίνης από τα τέλη της δεκαετίας του ’60 μέχρι και το τέλος του ’70, ενώ επίσης θα παρουσιάσει και την εκπαιδευτική κίνηση των ιδιωτικών εκπαιδευτηρίων Γουίδη, όσον αφορά τον μαθητικό πληθυσμό, την λειτουργικότητα του σχολείου, το εκπαιδευτικό προσωπικό, τα επαγγέλματα των γονιών των μαθητών με σκοπό να αναδειχθεί και η οικονομικό-κοινωνική θέση των οικογενειών, ενώ τέλος αναφορά θα γίνει και στους αριστεύσαντες μαθητές του ιδιωτικού σχολείου, τόσο της Πρωτοβάθμιας όσο και της Δευτεροβάθμιας.
Congruency, Homomorphism and Isomorphism on Autometrized Algebras
Authors: Tilahun Gebrie Yeshiwas
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a study of congruence relations on autometrized algebras. We demonstrate that in a normal autometrized algebra, which satisfies certain conditions, the set of all congruence relations forms a complete sublattice within the set of all equivalence relations. Furthermore, we investigate the property that a congruence-permutable autometrized algebra is also congruence-modular. We also explore several fundamental properties related to congruence relations. Additionally, we introduce the kernel of a homomorphism and establish that it is a congruence relation. Lastly, we examine the homomorphism, isomorphism, and correspondence theorems of autometrized algebra using the concept of congruence.
Branżowe centrum umiejętności szansą na kształtowanie umiejętności zawodowych
Authors: Mydłowska Beata
Published: January 2025

Autorowi artykułu przyświecał cel przybliżenia idei funkcjonowania branżowych centrów umiejętności (BCU) jako instytucji wspierających przygotowanie kadr zgodnie z potrzebami nowoczesnej gospodarki w różnych branżach poprzez zapewnienie niezbędnych warunków trwałej i innowacyjnej współpracy biznesu z edukacją zawodową na wszystkich poziomach kształcenia zawodowego, a także wdrożenie koncepcji doskonałości zawodowej w polskim systemie kształcenia zawodowego. Opracowanie uwzględnia zasady tworzenia i finansowania BCU oraz ich zadania jako absolutnej nowości nie tylko w polskim systemie oświaty i szkolnictwa zawodowego, ale też na rynku europejskim.
MIKOŁAJ KOPERNIK JAKO GENIUSZ WIARY I ROZUMU
Authors: Gacka Bogumił
Published: January 2025

Mikołaj Kopernik (1473–1543) urodził się w Toruniu, w Prusach Polskich, 19 lutego 1473 roku. Jego ojciec Mikołaj był kupcem i urzędnikiem miejskim w Toruniu. Jego matka Barbara była siostrą Łukasza Watzenrode, który został biskupem Warmii w 1489 roku. Kopernik został ochrzczony w kościele św. Jana Chrzciciela i św. Jana Apostoła w 1473 roku. Studiował matematykę i astronomię w Krakowie (1491–1495) i Bolonii (1496–1500), odwiedził Rzym w Roku Jubileuszowym (1500–1501), studiował medycynę w Padwie (1501–1503) i uzyskał tytuł doktora prawa kanonicznego na Uniwersytecie w Ferrarze (1503). Po ukończeniu studiów powrócił do Fromborka, gdzie został kanonikiem (1501). Jako geniusz wiary i rozumu Kopernik opublikował swój system heliocentryczny w De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (Norymberga, 1543) wraz z Listem Dedykacyjnym do papieża Pawła III (pontyfikat 1534–1549), który został przygotowany w czerwcu 1542. Zmarł we Fromborku, niedaleko Gdańska, 24 maja 1543 roku. W katedrze w Strasburgu we Francji znajduje się Zegar Astronomiczny z kopią portretu wykonanego przez Stimmera przedstawiającego Kopernika stojącego z gałązką konwalii w dłoni, co wskazuje, że był również lekarzem.
OSOBOWOŚĆ DYSSOCJALNA JAKO PRZYCZYNA NIEWAŻNEJ ZGODY MAŁŻEŃSKIEJ
Authors: Gizela Maciej
Published: January 2025

Małżeństwo w Kościele katolickim jest uznawane za instytucję pochodzącą bezpośrednio z Objawienia Bożego. Za początek i przyczynę sprawczą małżeństwa uznaje się zgodę małżeńską. Jednak jest niezbędne, aby nupturienci chcący zawrzeć sakramentalny związek małżeński byli zdolni do wyrażenia ważnego aktu zgody małżeńskiej. Jedną z form niezdolności konsensualnej jest brak rozeznania oceniającego co do istotnych praw i obowiązków małżeńskich wzajemnie przekazywanych i przyjmowanych. W niniejszym artykule autor ukazuje wpływ osobowości dyssocjalnej (ICD – 10) na poważny brak rozeznania oceniającego, w świetle prawodawstwa kościelnego, który jest istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa.
ESCHATOLOGICZNE KONCEPCJE ANGIELSKIEGO PRZEBUDZENIA PARUZYJNEGO Z I POŁ. XIX W. OBECNE U IRWINGIAN (NOWOAPOSTOLIKÓW) I ICH WPŁYW NA DENOMINACJE EWANGELIKALNE
Authors: Kamiński Ireneusz
Published: January 2025

Artykuł omawia powstanie protestanckiego ruchu irwingian (zapoczątkowanego przez Edwarda Irvinga, 1792–1834 i Henrego Drummonda, 1786–1860), wywodzącego się z angielskiego przebudzenia paruzyjnego z I poł. XIX wieku, gdzie w szczególny sposób akcentowano zagadnienia eschatologiczne. Irwingianie, zwani także nowoapostolikami, wypracowali szereg koncepcji eschatologicznych premillenarystycznych, które później przejęło szereg ruchów i denominacji protestanckich (ewangelikalnych), które także koncentrowały się na apokaliptyce i wyznaczały wiele dat końca świata. Szczególnie chodzi tu o ideę: „porwania świętych” przed Wielkim Uciskiem, niewidzialnej /duchowej i dwuetapowej paruzji oraz tzw. syjonizm chrześcijański. Z wykorzystaniem koncepcji irwingian powstał dyspensacjonalizm stworzony przez Johna Nelsona Darby’ego (1800–1882), który także współtworzył ruch braterski (wolnych chrześcijan). Te idee miały również duże znaczenie dla millerytów (stworzonych w USA przez W. Millera, 1782–1849), którzy po 1844 roku (Wielkie Rozczarowanie) rozpadli się na różne kierunki adwentystów. W latach 70. XIX wieku niektóre z tych pomysłów premillenarystycznych zostały przejęte od adwentystów i odpowiednio zmodyfikowane przez ruch tzw. badaczy Pisma Świętego (ruch badacki), który zainicjował Ch. T. Russell (1852–1916). Główna część ruchu badackiego w 1931 roku przyjęła nazwę świadków Jehowy.
CZY PRZESZKODA IMPOTENCJI GODZI W PRAWA CZŁOWIEKA?
Authors: Kraiński Wiesław
Published: January 2025

Artykuł omawia kanon 1084 KPK, który uznaje niezdolność do odbycia stosunku seksualnego (impotencję) za przeszkodę małżeńską, skutkującą nieważnością małżeństwa. Rozróżnia się impotencję absolutną (niezdolność z każdym kontrahentem) i względną (z konkretnym kontrahentem), które muszą istnieć przed zawarciem małżeństwa. Poruszono ius connubii, fundamentalne prawo do zawarcia małżeństwa, gwarantowane przez prawo kanoniczne oraz akty międzynarodowe, jak Powszechna Deklaracja Praw Człowieka. Prawo Kościoła opiera się na zasadach prawa naturalnego i ścisłej interpretacji ograniczeń małżeńskich, traktując impotencję jako ochronę integralności małżeństwa oraz jego celów (bonum coniugum et bonum prolis). Choć przeszkoda ta ogranicza prawo do małżeństwa, nie jest sprzeczna z prawami człowieka, lecz podkreśla komplementarność duchową i fizyczną małżonków. Kościół, opierając się na tradycyjnych wartościach, kontrastuje z nowoczesnymi systemami prawnymi, które redefiniują pojęcie małżeństwa.
INTEGRACJA METODY SKAUTOWEJ W EWANGELIZACJĘ DZIECI I MŁODZIEŻY ORAZ W FORMACJĘ LITURGICZNEJ SŁUŻBY OŁTARZA NA PRZYKŁADZIE SKAUTÓW KRÓLA
Authors: Orzeł Paweł
Published: January 2025

Artykuł w pierwszej części przedstawi w aspekcie możliwości ewangelizacyjnych działalność katolickiego stowarzyszenia Skauci Króla. Wskaże specyficzne dla tej organizacji rozumienie skautingu jako sprawdzonej i jednocześnie adaptowalnej do wyzwań współczesności metody wychowawczej, z pomocą której, jak się wydaje, można z powodzeniem w pewnym zakresie realizować misję Kościoła. W drugiej części tekstu przedstawiony zostanie pomysł na wydanie materiałów formacyjnych, inspirowanych metodą skautową i działalnością Skautów Króla, a dedykowanych Liturgicznej Służbie Ołtarza. Całość ujęta będzie w ramach idei samowychowania, która niewątpliwie przyświeca zarówno wskazaniom generała Roberta Stephensona Smytha Baden-Powella, założyciela skautingu, jak i wysiłkom Kościoła ufundowanego na osobie i dziele Jezusa Chrystusa. W tekście znajdą się także nawiązania do osoby Stefana Wincentego Frelichowskiego, który jest patronem polskich harcerzy i czcigodnego sługi Bożego księdza Franciszka Blachnickiego, których życie jest faktycznym owocem integracji omawianych tematów.
AKSJOLOGICZNY WYMIAR KATOLICKIEJ NAUKI SPOŁECZNEJ W SZKOLNICTWIE KATOLICKIM W DIECEZJI PELPLIŃSKIEJ
Authors: Prondzinski Waldemar
Published: January 2025

Zgodnie z danymi Rady Szkół Katolickich, w 2024 roku w Polsce zarejestrowane są 483 placówki oświatowe o profilu katolickim. Dla wielu osób o wyborze tego typu szkoły często nie decyduje jedynie jej chrześcijański charakter, ale wysoki poziom edukacji. W diecezji pelplińskiej istnieją dwie szkoły ponadpodstawowe, cztery podstawowe oraz trzy przedszkola katolickie. W Pelplinie uczniowie kształcą się w renomowanym Collegium Marianum. Liceum Katolickim im. Jana Pawła II, które od 2020 roku jest szkołą koedukacyjną. W Tczewie od 25 lat działa Zespół Szkół Katolickich im. Świętej Jadwigi Królowej. Placówka ta cieszy się dużą popularnością i szczyci się wysokim poziomem nauczania. Podobnie kartuska Katolicka Szkoła Podstawowa im. Jana Pawła II może pochwalić się wysokimi wynikami w zakresie kształcenia oraz przyjazną atmosferą. W Chojnicach w skład szkół katolickich wchodzą: Katolickie Przedszkole, Katolicka Szkoła Podstawowa im. Piotra Dunina oraz Katolickie Liceum Ogólnokształcące im. Romualda Traugutta. Placówki pełnią nie tylko ważną rolę dydaktyczną i wychowawczą, ale również ewangelizacyjną. Katolicka Szkoła Podstawowa im. ks. dra Bernarda Sychty i Katolickie Przedszkole „Aniołowo” to jednostki oświatowe działające w Świeciu, które oferują nie tylko wysoki poziom edukacji, ale kładą nacisk na pracę z uczniami zdolnymi oraz wymagającymi szczególnej uwagi ze względu na specyficzne trudności w nauce. Szkoły katolickie w diecezji pelplińskiej kształtują charakter młodego człowieka w oparciu o chrześcijańskie wartości oraz katolicką naukę społeczną, kierując się m.in. zasadami: solidarności, dobra wspólnego, prymatu osoby ludzkiej, sprawiedliwości, pomocniczości, miłości społecznej, praw człowieka oraz prawdy, wolności, równości, dialogu.
Effect of Calcium Nitrite and Nano TiO2 Admixed Cement Slurry Coatings on Corrosion of Steel
Authors: Daniyal Md , Kumar Madan , Ansari Ubaidurrahman , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Rahul
Published: January 2025

The corrosion control mechanisms of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) slurry-coated, calcium nitrite admixed OPC slurry-coated and nano-TiO2 admixed OPC slurry-coated steel under normal water and saline water (3.5% NaCl) exposure were investigated. To estimate the corrosion rate of coating systems, the potentiodynamic polarization measurements were performed after 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of exposure in normal and saline environments. The weight loss measurements at the exposure duration of 120 days were also carried out to validate the results of potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Moreover, setting time and compressive strength were also determined to assess the impact of calcium nitrite and nano-TiO2 on the quality of cementitious composite. The results revealed that all the coating systems showed a significant degree of corrosion inhibition as compared to bare steel. The calcium nitrite and nano-TiO2 admixed cement slurry-coated steel showed higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than OPC slurry-coated steel.
Synthesis and Insilco Study of Some New Derivatives Containing Barbiturate Moiety Compounds
Authors: Younis Dalal Th. , Al-Sabawi Ammar H. , Dawood Nagham M. Zaki
Published: January 2025

Computational chemistry has achieved great success in the field of drug design, as it has played an effective role in shortening the effort, money and time to discover compounds with good properties as a proposed drug. The research dealt with the preparation of nine new compounds derived from barbituric acid using simple methods, seven of which are azo compounds and three are ketones prepared from some pharmaceutical carboxylic acids (Indomethacin, Ibuprofen and Mefenamic acid). The chemical formulas were confirmed by physical methods (color change and melting point measurement) and some spectroscopic methods (FT-IR and 1HNMR spectra). Theoretical tests were conducted using the programs (Swiss ADME test) and (cardiotoxicity prediction), where the two programs predicted the unsuitability of some of the prepared compounds as drugs due to their poor kinetic properties in addition to containing toxic parts that affect some functions of the heart muscle. Accordingly, they must be excluded or their composition modified before completing biological and clinical studies.
Investigation of Hydrocarbon Marker (PAHs) Resulting from Anthropogenic Inputs of some Selected Vegetables in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Masood Najat , Alharbi Jamelah E.M. , Alenezi Khalaf M , Alanazi Tahani Y.A. , Alsukaibi Abdulmohsen K. D. , Alshammari Basmah H , Magam Sami M. , Alkhadher Sadeq A. A.
Published: January 2025

This study investigated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination in fresh and processed vegetables from three Saudi Arabian cities: Hail, Qassim, and Kharj. Local market vegetable samples were analyzed using solid phase and Soxhlet extraction methods, followed by GC-MS analysis. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 5.85 to 23.66 ng g-1 dw, with the highest concentration found in Qassim potato peels (23.66 ng g-1 dw) and the lowest in Kharj cabbage (5.85 ng g-1 dw). The predominant PAH species identified were Fl, DBA, BbF, and BaP. PAH ratios indicated that combustion-derived PAHs were dominant across all samples, suggesting high levels of carcinogenic compounds. The findings highlight potential health risks for local populations and organisms in these regions. The study emphasizes the importance of environmental monitoring and recommends implementing regular assessment protocols for these contaminants throughout Saudi Arabia to address public health concerns and mitigate potential risks to human health and the broader ecosystem environment.
Depolymerization of Nylon-66 by Hydrolysis Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid
Authors: Chikte Sunil Ramdas , Madhamshettiwar Swapnil Vilas
Published: January 2025

Ionic liquids have demonstrated potential efficiency as a catalyst in the hydrolysis technique for depolymerizing waste nylon-66. This research article involves the use of hydrophilic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafloroborate [bmim]BF4 and hydrophobic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophospate [bmim]PF6 ionic liquids for the breakdown of waste nylon-66. Hydrophilic ionic liquid has been demonstrated to be more efficient at catalyzing the hydrolysis of waste nylon-66 into monomers than hydrophobic ionic liquid. In experimental work, 0.2g of waste nylon-66, 20 ml of 5 N HCl, and .01 mole ionic liquid were refluxed in the range of 100-140 0C for several hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was neutralized with 5N NaOH to make a slightly alkaline solution. The addition of benzoyl chloride to the alkaline solution gives the dibenzoyl derivative of hexamethylene diammine (DBHMD). The filtrate was extracted multiple times with ethyl acetate to obtain adipic acid. The ionic liquid was recovered at the end of the reaction under reduced pressure.
Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of (1H-Indol-3-ylmethylene)-naphthalen-1-ylamine and its Os(VIII), Pd (II), Ni(II), Cr (III) and Fe(III) Complexes
Authors: Oruma Uchechukwu  Susan , Ukoha Pius Oziri , Ukwueze Nkechinyere Nwanneka , Ekowo Lilian Chinenye , Amalunweze Adaude Euphemia , Okafor Sunday  Nwankwo , Ekeoma Moses Okeahialam
Published: January 2025

(1H-Indol-3-ylmethylene)-naphthalen-1-ylamine, INDNA was synthesized by the condensation of 1- naphthylamine with indole-3-carboxaldehyde. Additionally, the complexes of Os(VIII), Pd (II), Ni(II), Cr (III) and Fe(III) were synthesized. ESI-MS spectroscopic techniques, 1H and 13C NMR, UV-VIS, IR and elemental analysis were used to characterize the ligand and metal complexes. According to spectral data, INDNA binds as a bidentate ligand to the metal ions via the nitrogens in the imine and indole chains. The ligand to metal stoichiometry of the compounds is 2:1. The metal complexes exhibit tetrahedral geometry. The ligand and complexes were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activity against a range of microorganisms namely: Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus sp. (vancomycin resistant), Candida albicans, Klebisella sp. (pneumonia), sewage-producing sp., clinical sp., and typed sp. using agar well diffusion method. Compared to the ligand, the complexes were found to be more active against the tested bacteria. The antifungal activity of INDNA was enhanced on complexing with Pd (II) ion. The drug likenesses were also determined using molecular docking studies.
Study of the Dissolution of Calcium Carbonate in Different Mixed Solvent at Different Temperatures by Conductometric Method and Data Analysis Using Thermodynamic Parameters
Authors: Hazra Ashoke
Published: January 2025

Present paper discussed the dissolution behavior of CaCO3 in (water + THF), (water + AN) and (water + DMF) medium at 100C to 300C by conductometric method. From the molar conductance data, we calculate limiting conductance value at infinite dilution using Karus Bray equation. From these data we calculate thermodynamic parameters like ∆H, ∆G, ∆S, ∆Es & Kc. These data helps us to compare dissolution behavior of CaCO3 in different mixed solvent at different temperatures. From this dissolution study of CaCO3 in different non aqueous systems it was observed that stronger ion interaction occur in case of THF and AN & partial dissociation or ion pairing occur in case of DMF solvent. With increase in temperature, limiting molar conductance increases for all the systems. The present work aims to determine the limiting molar conductance values of Calcium Carbonate in different mixed solvents in different temperatures and also evaluate thermodynamic parameters for supporting the ion-solvation interaction.
Self -Assembly Structure of Poly(o-methoxyaniline) on Ball Milling Graphite Surface
Authors: Routh Parimal
Published: January 2025

Poly(o-methoxyaniline) is an important polymer due to highly water dispersible and easily processible compare to other poly-aniline group polymers. But it properties is not so superior to apply in numerous energy related application and it has some difficulty due to degrade during the device application. Graphene is the good material due to possess good environmental stability, large surface area and highly conducting property. So, to enhance the properties and application, I combine both materials in very facile way. Here I used ball-milling graphite due to it has more rough surface that help to easily combine with P. Here only I highlighted about the synthesis of a self-assembly structure of polymer in ball-milling graphite surface.
Temperature-dependent Changes in the Dynamic Viscosity of Oxidized and Non-oxidized Olive Oils
Authors: Stanciu Ioana
Published: January 2025

The Azian equation was used to analyze how dynamic viscosity changed with temperature. The Azian equation, which may be used to explain how dynamic viscosity depends on temperature, is found to better approximate the actual data when the correlation coefficient values of the two equations are examined. At every speed and temperature at which the oils were tested, the analysis of the experimental data revealed that olive oil had the least amount of temperature-dependent dynamic viscosity increase. Since oils with a high degree of dynamic viscosity stability are required in industrial applications, the increase in dynamic viscosity of vegetable oils during the oxidation process might serve as a criterion for assessing the oxidation of oils.
Using bricolage and robustness theory to explain the dynamism of collaborative governance
Authors: Carstensen Martin B. , Sørensen Eva
Published: January 2025

Collaborative governance has developed into a well-established strand of public administration research. An impressive number of empirical studies document how collaborative governance processes can be relatively volatile, multi-vocal, distributed and heterogeneous. Hence, it is commonly observed that the actor composition changes over time, actors’ reasons for participating differ, the collaboration consists of multiple sub-projects, and there are many diverse outcomes. Bricolage theory and theories of robust governance provide insights that can make collaborative governance theory more attentive to such dynamics and draw a more nuanced picture of what enables actors to collaborate or prevent them from doing so. The contribution from bricolage theory and theories of robust governance is to recast collaboration as loosely coupled situated practices in which actors use what is available in terms of storylines, skills, tools and relationships to work together to produce different public-value outcomes. Based on these insights, we propose the study of collaborative governance as tangled moments of bricolage. We also provide some guidelines on how to conduct such studies and illustrate their usage with reference to a concrete case study of a collaborative governance process.
"Rabiosa actualidad": Ernesto Caballero's 2012 Theatrical Adaptation of Doña Perfecta
Authors: Willem Linda M.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Ernesto Caballero adapted and directed Doña Perfecta for the stage as a warning to his twenty-first-century audience of the dangers of political polarization. He shows the continued relevance of the novel through his innovative staging, which places Galdós strong critique of intolerance, intransigence, and violence within a larger historical context. Using multi-era costuming to take the characters backwards in time, he shows how Spain's current political divisions have their origins in the conflicts of the past, and by using a revolving stage set, he suggests that the cyclical nature of Spain's historical past will continue unless action is taken to stop it. Historical time combines with mythical time through Caballero's representation of the Troya sisters as the three Fates, and his anachronistic inclusion of songs by Peter Gabriel further links present and past, with their lyrics indicating how each generation inherits the fears that fuel extremist positions. By having his actors break the fourth wall, he incorporates the audience into the cycle of violence being played out by the characters, signaling the need for involvement by the current generation to end the political divisiveness that can lead to such violence in their own lives. Resumen: Ernesto Caballero adaptó y dirigió una versión escénica de Doña Perfecta como una advertencia al público contemporáneo de los peligros de la polarización política. Muestra la vigencia de la novela a través de una innovadora puesta en escena que coloca la fuerte crítica de Galdós a la intolerancia, la intransigencia y la violencia dentro de un contexto histórico más amplio. Usando el vestuario de varias épocas para llevar a los personajes hacia atrás en el tiempo, Caballero muestra como las divisiones políticas actuales de España tienen su origen en los conflictos del pasado, y un escenario giratorio sugiere que el pasado cíclico de España continuará a menos que se tomen medidas para detenerlo. El tiempo histórico y el tiempo mítico se combinan en la representación de las hermanas Troya como las tres Parcas, y la anacrónica inclusión de canciones de Peter Gabriel indica como cada generación hereda los temores que alimentan las posiciones extremistas. Al hacer que los actores rompan la cuarta pared, Caballero incorpora al público en el ciclo de violencia, señalando la necesidad de que la generación actual se involucre para poner fin a las divisiones políticas que pueden llevar tal violencia a sus propias vidas.
Staging Wang Yangming's Sagehood in Ming China
Authors: Yao Huiqiao
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This paper investigates two Ming-Dynasty plays about the life and career of Wang Yangming, the prominent Confucian philosopher and military general who captured the imagination of authors. These two plays are Shanyang Daoren's nanxi play The Story of Wang Yangming Quelling the Rebellion and Lü Tiancheng's chuanqi play The Story of the Divine Sword . They are the only two Ming plays about Wang Yangming whose titles survive today. Even though the full text of these two plays is no longer extant, by analyzing excerpts or descriptions of them from other anthological works, I demonstrate how Wang's political life informed the religious and popular imagination of him. While both plays, with their subject matter, draw from the tradition of "current affairs" literature, they both also feature elements that turn the description of Wang's life into a hagiography. I analyze how The Story of Wang Yangming Quelling the Rebellion shows a relationship between Wang and the Daoist immortal Xu Xun, demonstrating Wang's connection to the divine and his Confucian–Daoist linkage. The Story of the Divine Sword recollects Wang's military career, symbolized by a sword given to him in a dream, thus glorifying his motives and accomplishments. The existence of these two plays indicates not only the widespread popularity of Wang Yangming during the Ming but also his broad veneration.
Performative Readings of Printed Southern Arias in Late-Ming China
Authors: Sheng Yihui
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Printed collections of southern arias in late-Ming China often feature not only tune titles and lyrics of the arias but also seemingly unfathomable marks on or next to the lyrical words. The marks take various shapes, including circles, squares, teardrops, and dots, and, as a few scholars have pointed out, gesture toward the musicality of the arias (see, e.g., Carlitz 2005 and Lam 2005). However, none of the marks notates the exact melodies of the arias. For that reason, we as modern readers can no longer decipher from those collections the complete contours of the music despite the presence of "musical" indicators. Why did the late-Ming people who produced those collections choose not to notate the melodies, despite the availability of music notation systems? What can we understand about the late-Ming soundscape of southern arias through those marks? In this paper, I categorize the marks into two types of notations and propose "performative reading" s an analytical method. In excavating a singing culture of southern arias embedded in the notations, my performative readings illuminate how listening and singing experiences of southern arias in the late Ming transformed experiences of writing and reading them.
Revisiting Iberian Convivencia through Amazon Prime's El Cid
Authors: Beck Emily S.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Amazon Prime series, El Cid , offers a compelling representation of a young Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar and his rise to become known to history and legend as El Cid. The program recreates many dimensions of the world of medieval Iberia authentically, often relying on current scholarly trends, but in its approach to the topic of medieval Iberian convivencia , the show features scenes that serve to accentuate the hero's character as accepting of religious 'others' in ways that are significant departures from original source materials. The striking decision of the show's creators to emphasize El Cid as an ambassador of multicultural acceptance reveals far more about cultural priorities in twenty-first-century Spain. Ultimately, the portrayal of the hero Ruy in the television series suggests more about viewers' expectations for heroism and tolerance towards others than the versions of El Cid we read about in books. The program thus represents an important example of medievalism on screen in its portrayal of the legendary hero, and forms part of an emerging corpus of new representations of Spain popularized by the Spanish television and film industry and exported globally through streaming services.
"Al jardín del convento": Sor Marcela de San Félix's Natural Theology
Authors: Kuffner Emily
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This article analyzes the poem "Al jardín del convento," by Sor Marcela de San Félix (1605–88) from the perspective of plant studies. Sor Marcela, a cloistered nun, inverts the conventional tropes of the sonnet tradition that utilize floral metaphors to laud female beauty, deploying the same flowers to describe the body of her spiritual husband Christ. Sor Marcela's poem draws on the tenets of natural theology, which encourages the human observer to contemplate God and divine order through a close examination of the natural world that draws moral lessons from plants and animals. In doing so, Sor Marcela ascribes emotion and intention to the garden plants, and ultimately describes herself as one among them. By identifying with plants, the female poetic voice can speak with authority within a dominant patriarchal theological discourse by claiming unity with the divine. I argue that the discourse of natural theology allowed female authors to overcome women's association with corporeality to speak from the genderless soul. Moreover, Sor Marcela's engagement with botanical worlds reflects the influence of scientific views of plants found in vernacular translations of Pedanius Dioscorides's De materia medica . Despite her protestations of humility and insignificance, Sor Marcela's work demonstrates engagement with contemporary theoretical debates regarding the nature of plants.
Efeitos da manipulação da complexidade cognitiva da tarefa na produção escrita em português como língua estrangeira
Authors: Santos Sara
Published: January 2025

Resumo: Este trabalho de investigação teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos do aumento da complexidade cognitiva da tarefa na produção escrita de estudantes universitários chineses de português como língua estrangeira. Selecionou-se o fator "±exigências de raciocínio" como variável independente e fez-se uma comparação intrassujeitos ( within-subjects ): vinte e dois alunos desempenharam uma tarefa narrativa escrita, manipulada em dois níveis de complexidade cognitiva (tarefa simples e tarefa complexa). A ordem das tarefas foi contrabalançada. A produção escrita foi quantificada nas dimensões da complexidade linguística (complexidade sintática e diversidade lexical), correção e fluência. Os resultados da estatística inferencial mostraram um efeito significativo do aumento das exigências de raciocínio na subordinação, na diversidade lexical e numa medida geral de correção. Na análise correlacional entre as três dimensões da produção escrita das duas tarefas, foi identificada uma correlação positiva entre a subordinação e a fluência e entre a diversidade lexical e a fluência. Os resultados obtidos são interpretados a partir dos princípios da Hipótese da Cognição de Peter Robinson (2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2015, 2022) e do modelo da Capacidade Limitada de Atenção de Peter Skehan (1998, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2022).
Using Spanish-language TV Series in the Conversation Class: The Case of Madre solo hay dos
Authors: Gates-Madsen Nancy , Tate Julee
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Audio visual input (AVI) has been a staple in the L2 classroom for several decades, and the authors of this study have used it extensively in our intermediate and advanced-level Spanish classes since the early 2000s. Previously our default choice of programming was telenovelas, but recently we decided to incorporate a Netflix-produced series, Madre solo hay dos , into our intermediate-level conversation classes at our respective colleges. We approached the project with several objectives in mind: to determine if a series would improve students' aural comprehension skills and cultural competency and to gauge whether or not incorporating such a series might motivate students to continue independent viewing of the series and/or seek out other programming in Spanish beyond the timeframe of the course. Quantitative and qualitative tools (cloze activities and pre- and post-surveys) demonstrate that these objectives were achieved. Here we detail why we chose Madre and how we used the series in the classroom, providing examples of in-class activities and a sample viewing/homework guide for one of the episodes. We hope to equip other language instructors to include Madre or another series in their classes as, in our case, students' response and learning gains were overwhelmingly positive.
Fλ/d as a predictor of image classification algorithm performance
Authors: Hixson Jonathan G. , Teaney Brian , Finch Michael F. , Nehmetallah George , Driggers Ronald
Published: January 2025

This research
studied the effect of
variations in a sensor’s metric value (FLD) on the performance
of machine learning algorithms such as the YOLO (You Only Look Once)
algorithm for object
classification. The YOLO_v3 and YOLO_v10 algorithms were trained using
static imagery provided in the commonly available training dataset
provided by Teledyne FLIR Systems. Image processing techniques were
used to degrade image quality of the test dataset also provided by
Teledyne FLIR Systems, simulating detector-limited to optics-limited
performance, which results in a variation of the FLD metric between
0.339 and 7.98. The degraded test set was used to evaluate the
performance of YOLO_v3 and YOLO_v10 for object classification and
relate the FLD metric to the probability of detection. Results of
YOLO_v3 and YOLO_v10 are presented for the varying levels of image
degradation. A summary of the results is discussed along with
recommendations for evaluating an algorithm’s performance using a
sensor’s FLD metric value.
Ultrasound liquid–gel hybrid lens using acoustic radiation forces
Authors: Miki Haruto , Nakamura Kosuke , Harada Yuki , Matsukawa Mami , Koyama Daisuke
Published: January 2025

Conventional camera modules use a mechanical system comprising moving
parts to change the focal length of the lens by moving it along the
optical axis, increasing the volume of the camera. Here, the potential
of compact variable-focus lenses was examined to enhance response
speed and robustness via a combination of viscoelastic gel films,
liquids, and acoustic radiation forces. The optical properties of the
lenses were evaluated using a wavefront sensor. Focal lengths could be
controlled by changing the lens shape via acoustic radiation forces
generated by ultrasound vibrations. The response time of the lens was
dependent on the thickness of the gel film on the lens surface; a
thinner film thickness resulted in a shorter response time. The
response times for hybrid lenses with gel film thickness of , 0.8 mm, 1 mm, and
2 mm were 58 ms, 68 ms, 82 ms, and
172 ms, respectively.
Impact of field of view on color constancy in virtual reality
Authors: Duay Killian , Nagai Takehiro
Published: January 2025

Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) and head-mounted display (HMD)
color calibration offer a novel framework for vision science, enabling
researchers to investigate color constancy from new perspectives. The aim
of this study was to assess the effectiveness of VR in color constancy
studies by investigating how field of view and scene complexity, two
properties that take advantage of VR’s unique features, influence color
constancy. We conducted a VR psychophysical experiment in which observers
were asked to judge the color of patches under various conditions. The
results showed that field of view has a strong and significant impact on
color constancy. However, no significant differences were found between
complex and simpler scenes. These findings demonstrate the potential of VR
as a valuable tool for investigating the interaction between unique VR
features, such as an expanded field of view and color constancy.
Modeling wavelengths and spectral half-power bandwidths for Rayleigh equation anomaloscopes
Authors: Dain Stephen J. , Hovis Jeffery K.
Published: January 2025

The recommended and required wavelengths for Rayleigh equation anomaloscopes are many and varied and without a numerical evidence base. The requirements for spectral half-power bandwidth in the German standard DIN 6160 also have no known evidence base. This paper provides data to establish requirements. The constraint on the short-wavelength limit of green was assessed by plotting chromaticities for wavelengths around the Nagel anomaloscope green and spectral half-power bandwidths up to 60 nm and identifying the combinations that lie within the first half confusion zone from the spectral locus of the deuteranope, being more restrictive than the protanopic zone. The other wavelength limits were assessed by modeling the match point and matching range using the normal and anomalous photopigment data of J. Opt. Soc. Am. A9, 1465 (1992)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.9.001465. The proposed wavelength limits are expressed as chromaticity, equivalent wavelength, and spectral half-power bandwidth limits. The wavelength limits are less restrictive than in DIN 6160.
On the potential and limits of a quantum detector in the non-linear fiber regime
Authors: Rosati Matteo
Published: January 2025

Non-linear effects are believed to reduce the communication rate in fiber networks, leading to the introduction of the non-linear Shannon (NLS) limit. Here, we analyze, for the first time to our knowledge, the effect of quantum detection techniques in amplified optical fibers affected by non-linearity, by computing their Holevo channel capacity. First, we report that the Holevo capacity under lumped Raman amplification (RA) can surpass the NLS capacity of a coherent-detection system with distributed Raman amplification (DRA) for a moderate number of spans. Then, we observe that the Holevo RA system offers a reduction of amplification power costs at a fixed communication rate, with respect to the DRA coherent-detection system. Our results rely on the ability of a quantum joint-detection receiver (JDR) to better extract information from low-power, low-noise signals, determining the type of amplifier that is best suited to work in conjunction with the JDR.
Polarization-dependent metasurface for vector Zernike wavefront sensing with increased dynamic range
Authors: Wenger Tobias , Kent Wallace J.
Published: January 2025

Metasurfaces have unique properties that make them suitable for a variety of optical applications. Not only do metasurfaces allow a great deal of design flexibility by controlling phase, amplitude, and polarization of reflected or transmitted light, they are also manufactured using mature semiconductor microprocessing techniques. Here we demonstrate a metasurface that can increase the dynamic range of Zernike wavefront sensors (ZWSs) by introducing phase diversity between two orthogonal linear polarizations in the near-infrared. The metasurface works in transmission and consists of elliptically shaped amorphous silicon nanopillars on a fused silica substrate. Wavefront sensors play an important role in segmented-mirror telescopes and enable the precise alignment needed between the segments in order to provide high-quality observations. This work has near-term implications for ground-based telescopes and is of importance for current and future mission concept formulations for exoplanet direct detection and characterization.
Species richness in the Northeast US Continental Shelf ecosystem: Climate-driven trends and perturbations
Authors: Friedland Kevin D. , Scopel Lauren C. , Yang Xiangyan , Gaichas Sarah K. , Rokosz Katrina J.
Published: January 2025

Climate change modifies the abundance and distribution of marine species, which can reshape patterns of species richness. The Northeast US Continental Shelf (NES) is a mid-latitude marine ecosystem experiencing changes in its physical environment and biota; these changes involve both lower and upper trophic level organisms. In this study, change in species richness of fish and macroinvertebrates was examined based on trawl survey data. Using a constrained subset of the survey strata comprising the overall design, we observed some 451 species over the period 1968–2022. Species richness was consistently higher in the autumn survey versus the spring survey. This seasonal difference in richness was mainly due to a contrast in vertebrate taxa as invertebrate species richness was similar between the seasons. Significant trends were found in the species richness when considering all taxa in both spring and autumn surveys. The rate of change in species richness reflected an increase of 10.8 species per decade in spring and an increase of 16.5 species per decade in autumn. The enhanced rate of increase in autumn was reflected in taxonomic and functional groups that we examined, and likely resulted from longer summering phases by migratory vertebrate species and range shifts northward by multiple taxa in response to greater summer temperatures and longer summer duration. Species richness in the NES was positively correlated with temperature over the study period; however, richness was also positively correlated with ecosystem biomass, suggesting the response in species richness is not limited to the redistribution of species alone. We expect richness to continue to increase, especially in autumn, but range contractions and further community restructuring could lead to declines in richness in the northern end of the NES.
Coping mechanisms for students with mental disorders: An exploratory qualitative study at Busitema University’s Mbale and Busia Campuses
Authors: Kagoya Enid Kawala , Mpagi Joseph , Waako Paul , Muhwezi Martha R. L. , Namaganda Agnes , Nsubuga Allan G. , Atala Christine Etoko , Okello Francis , Okibure Ambrose , Kibuuka Ronald , Wandera Ernest , Ndamanywa Kalisiti , Kirabira Joseph
Published: January 2025

In recent years, Ugandan universities have faced a rising incidence of mental health issues among students, with prevalence rates of mental disorders reaching up to 60% among undergraduates. These challenges significantly impact both academic performance and social interactions. This study aimed to investigate the coping mechanisms among students with mental disorders at Busitema University. We conducted 42 key informant interviews with students diagnosed with mental disorders, as determined by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Interviews were guided by a structured protocol developed by the research team, and all participants provided informed consent. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. This approach was chosen for its efficiency and directness. Nvivo software facilitated the coding and organization of themes. The study identified several coping strategies used by students at the two Busitema University campuses. Five main themes emerged: Alcohol and Substance Use, Use of Sedatives, Social and Personal Initiatives, Seeking Counseling Services, Withdrawal and Confrontation, and Faith Healing. Various subthemes were also noted, including substance use, withdrawal, confrontations, witchcraft, participation in co-curricular activities, abortions, and seeking psychosocial support. These findings are detailed in Table 2. Addressing the mental health challenges faced by university students requires a thorough understanding of their coping strategies. While some strategies are self-developed, others involve university-led interventions. It is crucial to reinforce effective coping mechanisms and address detrimental ones to improve students’ mental health outcomes. Mental disorders, coping strategies, university students, Uganda
Intergovernmental or fully independent? Designing a scientific panel on evidence for action against antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Ruckert Arne , Hoffman Steven J. , Bishop Julia , Van Katwyk Susan Rogers , Fafard Patrick , Poirier Mathieu J. P.
Published: January 2025

Effective global action against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) relies on the successful synthesis and translation of rigorous scientific evidence into policy and practice. Despite a call in 2019 by the Interagency Coordination Group on AMR to establish a policy-science interface, and the reaffirmation to establish a scientific panel in the 2024 Political Declaration on Antimicrobial Resistance, no authoritative entity currently exists that synthesizes the scientific evidence on AMR and outlines policy options based on the best scientific insight. A Scientific Panel on Evidence for Action against AMR (SPEA) could address this gap, as well as contribute to additional governance gaps in the space of AMR, by facilitating better global coordination and cooperation; establishing real-time evidence to guide policy actions; and monitoring progress towards any globally agreed upon AMR goals and targets. In this essay, we argue that SPEA has the potential to fulfill several governance functions, and we explore two design options for such a scientific panel to promote equitable and evidence-informed policy implementation. We first reflect on how the successes and failures of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) should inform the SPEA. Building on these lessons, we then highlight the key functions of the SPEA, before proposing two models for how it could function in the context of the existing global governance of AMR. Finally, we reflect on the challenges inherent to each proposed governance model. The recent reaffirmation by the United Nations General Assembly to establish a scientific panel in the area of AMR represents a critical opportunity to enhance global AMR governance, promote evidence-based policy implementation, and foster international cooperation in combatting AMR.