bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histone functions as a cell-surface receptor for AGEs
Authors: Itakura Masanori , Yamaguchi Kosuke , Kitazawa Roma , Lim Sei-Young , Anan Yusuke , Yoshitake Jun , Shibata Takahiro , Negishi Lumi , Sugawa Hikari , Nagai Ryoji , Uchida Koji
Published: May 2022

Reducing sugars can covalently react with proteins to generate a heterogeneous and complex group of compounds called advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are generally considered as pathogenic molecules, mediating a pro-inflammatory response and contributing to the development of a number of human diseases. However, the intrinsic function of AGEs remains to be elucidated. We now provide multiple lines of evidence showing that AGEs can specifically bind histone localized on the cell surface as an AGE-binding protein, regulate the function of histone as a plasminogen receptor, and result in the regulation of monocytes/macrophage recruitment to the site of inflammation. Our finding of histone as a cell-surface receptor for AGEs suggests that, beside our common concept of AGEs as danger-associated molecular patterns mediating a pro-inflammatory response, they may also be involved in the homeostatic response via binding to histone.
Improving recombinant protein production by yeast through genome-scale modeling using proteome constraints
Authors: Li Feiran , Chen Yu , Qi Qi , Wang Yanyan , Yuan Le , Huang Mingtao , Elsemman Ibrahim E. , Feizi Amir , Kerkhoven Eduard J. , Nielsen Jens
Published: May 2022

Eukaryotic cells are used as cell factories to produce and secrete multitudes of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins, including several of the current top-selling drugs. Due to the essential role and complexity of the secretory pathway, improvement for recombinant protein production through metabolic engineering has traditionally been relatively ad-hoc; and a more systematic approach is required to generate novel design principles. Here, we present the proteome-constrained genome-scale protein secretory model of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (pcSecYeast), which enables us to simulate and explain phenotypes caused by limited secretory capacity. We further apply the pcSecYeast model to predict overexpression targets for the production of several recombinant proteins. We experimentally validate many of the predicted targets for α-amylase production to demonstrate pcSecYeast application as a computational tool in guiding yeast engineering and improving recombinant protein production.
Ag9GaSe6: high-pressure-induced Ag migration causes thermoelectric performance irreproducibility and elimination of such instability
Authors: Liu Jing-Yuan , Chen Ling , Wu Li-Ming
Published: May 2022

The argyrodite Ag9GaSe6 is a newly recognized high-efficiency thermoelectric material with an ultralow thermal conductivity; however, liquid-like Ag atoms are believed to cause poor stability and performance irreproducibility, which was evidenced even after the 1st measurement run. Herein, we demonstrate the abovementioned instability and irreproducibility are caused by standard thermoelectric sample hot-pressing procedure, during which high pressure promotes the 3-fold-coordinated Ag atoms migrate to 4-fold-coordinated sites with higher-chemical potentials. Such instability can be eliminated by a simple annealing treatment, driving the metastable Ag atoms back to the original sites with lower-chemical potentials as revealed by the valence band X-ray photoelectron chemical potential spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Furthermore, the hot-pressed-annealed samples exhibit great stability and TE property repeatability. Such a stability and repeatability has never been reported before. This discovery will give liquid-like materials great application potential.
Pressured-induced superconducting phase with large upper critical field and concomitant enhancement of antiferromagnetic transition in EuTe2
Authors: Yang P. T. , Liu Z. Y. , Chen K. Y. , Liu X. L. , Zhang X. , Yu Z. H. , Zhang H. , Sun J. P. , Uwatoko Y. , Dong X. L. , Jiang K. , Hu J. P. , Guo Y. F. , Wang B. S. , Cheng J.-G.
Published: May 2022

We report an unusual pressure-induced superconducting state that coexists with an antiferromagnetic ordering of Eu2+ moments and shows a large upper critical field comparable to the Pauli paramagnetic limit in EuTe2. In concomitant with the emergence of superconductivity with Tc ≈ 3–5 K above Pc ≈ 6 GPa, the antiferromagnetic transition temperature TN(P) experiences a quicker rise with the slope increased dramatically from dTN/dP = 0.85(14) K/GPa for P ≤ Pc to 3.7(2) K/GPa for P ≥ Pc. Moreover, the superconducting state can survive in the spin-flop state with a net ferromagnetic component of the Eu2+ sublattice under moderate magnetic fields μ0H ≥ 2 T. Our findings establish the pressurized EuTe2 as a rare magnetic superconductor possessing an intimated interplay between magnetism and superconductivity.
Hypoxia shapes the immune landscape in lung injury and promotes the persistence of inflammation
Authors: Mirchandani Ananda S. , Jenkins Stephen J. , Bain Calum C. , Sanchez-Garcia Manuel A. , Lawson Hannah , Coelho Patricia , Murphy Fiona , Griffith David M. , Zhang Ailiang , Morrison Tyler , Ly Tony , Arienti Simone , Sadiku Pranvera , Watts Emily R. , Dickinson Rebecca. S. , Reyes Leila , Cooper George , Clark Sarah , Lewis David , Kelly Van , Spanos Christos , Musgrave Kathryn M. , Delaney Liam , Harper Isla , Scott Jonathan , Parkinson Nicholas J. , Rostron Anthony J. , Baillie J. Kenneth , Clohisey Sara , Pridans Clare , Campana Lara , Lewis Philip Starkey , Simpson A. John , Dockrell David H. , Schwarze Jürgen , Hirani Nikhil , Ratcliffe Peter J. , Pugh Christopher W. , Kranc Kamil , Forbes Stuart J. , Whyte Moira K. B. , Walmsley Sarah R.
Published: May 2022

Hypoxemia is a defining feature of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an often-fatal complication of pulmonary or systemic inflammation, yet the resulting tissue hypoxia, and its impact on immune responses, is often neglected. In the present study, we have shown that ARDS patients were hypoxemic and monocytopenic within the first 48 h of ventilation. Monocytopenia was also observed in mouse models of hypoxic acute lung injury, in which hypoxemia drove the suppression of type I interferon signaling in the bone marrow. This impaired monopoiesis resulted in reduced accumulation of monocyte-derived macrophages and enhanced neutrophil-mediated inflammation in the lung. Administration of colony-stimulating factor 1 in mice with hypoxic lung injury rescued the monocytopenia, altered the phenotype of circulating monocytes, increased monocyte-derived macrophages in the lung and limited injury. Thus, tissue hypoxia altered the dynamics of the immune response to the detriment of the host and interventions to address the aberrant response offer new therapeutic strategies for ARDS.
A high-speed railway network dataset from train operation records and weather data
Authors: Zhang Dalin , Peng Yunjuan , Xu Yi , Du Chenyue , Zhang Yumei , Wang Nan , Chong Yunhao , Wang Hongwei , Wu Daohua , Liu Jintao , Zhang Hailong , Lu Lingyun , Liu Jiqiang
Published: May 2022

High-speed train operation data are reliable and rich resources in data-driven research. However, the data released by railway companies are poorly organized and not comprehensive enough to be applied directly and effectively. A public high-speed railway network dataset suitable for research is still lacking. To support the research in large-scale complex network, complex dynamic system and intelligent transportation, we develop a high-speed railway network dataset, containing the train operation data in different directions from October 8, 2019 to January 27, 2020, the train delay data of the railway stations, the junction stations data, and the mileage data of adjacent stations. In the dataset, weather, temperature, wind power and major holidays are considered as factors affecting train operation. Potential research values of the dataset include but are not limited to complex dynamic system pattern mining, community detection and discovery, and train delay analysis. Besides, the dataset can be used to solve various railway operation and management problems, such as passenger service network improvement, train real-time dispatching and intelligent driving assistance.
Underwater image restoration with Haar wavelet transform and ensemble of triple correction algorithms using Bootstrap aggregation and random forests
Authors: Rowghanian Vahid
Published: May 2022

This paper presents both a new strategy for traditional underwater image restoration using Haar wavelet transform as well as a new learned model that generates an ensemble of triple correction algorithm labels based on histogram quadrants’ cumulative distribution feature instead of generating pixel intensities. The Haar wavelet transform is our tentative dynamic stretching plan that is applied on the input image and its contrast stretched image to generate the degraded wavelet coefficients which are blended using Gaussian pyramid of the saliency weights to restore the original image. The ensemble of triple corrections exerts three color correction algorithms sequentially on the degraded image for restoration. The ensemble of algorithms entails the superposition effect of the red channel mean shifting, global RGB adaptation, global luminance adaptation, global saturation adaptation, luminance stretching, saturation stretching, contrast stretching, adaptive Gamma correction for red spectrum, even to odd middle intensity transference using look-up table, green to red spectrum transference using histogram equalization, local brightening, Dark Channel Prior, fusion restoration, and our Haar wavelet transform restoration. The source is available at https://github.com/vahidr213/Underwater-Image-Restoration-And-Enhancement-Collection.
A sustainable and effective bioprocessing approach for improvement of acid phosphatase production and rock phosphate solubilization by Bacillus haynesii strain ACP1
Authors: Abdelgalil Soad A. , Kaddah Mohamed M. Y. , Duab Mahmoud E. A. , Abo-Zaid Gaber A.
Published: May 2022

There is indeed a tremendous increase in biotechnological production on a global scale, more and more innovative bioprocesses, therefore, require to perform ideally not only in a small lab- but also on large production scales. Efficient microbial process optimization is a significant challenge when accomplishing a variety of sustainable development and bioengineering application objectives. In Egypt's mines, several distinct types of rock phosphate (RP) are utilized as a source of phosphate fertilizers in agriculture. It is more ecologically beneficial to utilize RP bio-solubilization than acidulation. Therefore, this work aimed to strategically scale up the acid phosphatase (ACP) production and RP bio-solubilization by the newly-discovered Bacillus haynesii. The use of consecutive statistical experimental approaches of Plackett–Burman Design (PBD), and Rotatable Central Composite Design (RCCD), followed by pH-uncontrolled cultivation conditions in a 7 L bench-top bioreactor revealed an innovative medium formulation. These approaches substantially improved ACP production, reaching 207.6 U L−1 with an ACP yield coefficient Yp/x of 25.2 and a specific growth rate (µ) of 0.07 h−1. The metals Na, Li, and Mn were the most efficiently released from RP during the solubilization process by B. haynesii. The uncontrolled pH culture condition is the most suitable setting for simultaneously improving the ACP and organic acids production. The most abundant organic acid produced through the cultivation process was lactic acid, followed by glutamic acid and hydroxybenzoic acid isomer. The findings of TGA, DSC, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and XRD analysis emphasize the significant influence of organic acids and ACP activity on the solubilization of RP particles.
Evidence for shared neural information between muscle synergies and corticospinal efficacy
Authors: Young David R. , Banks Caitlin L. , McGuirk Theresa E. , Patten Carolynn
Published: May 2022

Stroke survivors often exhibit gait dysfunction which compromises self-efficacy and quality of life. Muscle Synergy Analysis (MSA), derived from electromyography (EMG), has been argued as a method to quantify the complexity of descending motor commands and serve as a direct correlate of neural function. However, controversy remains regarding this interpretation, specifically attribution of MSA as a neuromarker. Here we sought to determine the relationship between MSA and accepted neurophysiological parameters of motor efficacy in healthy controls, high (HFH), and low (LFH) functioning stroke survivors. Surface EMG was collected from twenty-four participants while walking at their self-selected speed. Concurrently, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was administered, during walking, to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the plantarflexor muscles during the pre-swing phase of gait. MSA was able to differentiate control and LFH individuals. Conversely, motor neurophysiological parameters, including soleus MEP area, revealed that MEP latency differentiated control and HFH individuals. Significant correlations were revealed between MSA and motor neurophysiological parameters adding evidence to our understanding of MSA as a correlate of neural function and highlighting the utility of combining MSA with other relevant outcomes to aid interpretation of this analysis technique.
AZFa Y gene, DDX3Y, evolved novel testis transcript variants in primates with proximal 3´UTR polyadenylation for germ cell specific translation
Authors: Vogt P. H. , Rauschendorf M-A. , Zimmer J. , Drummer C. , Behr R.
Published: May 2022

Translational control is a major level of gene expression regulation in the male germ line. DDX3Y located in the AZFa region of the human Y chromosome encodes a conserved RNA helicase important for translational control at the G1-S phase of the cell cycle. In human, DDX3Y protein is expressed only in premeiotic male germ cells. In primates, DDX3Y evolved a second promoter producing novel testis-specific transcripts. Here, we show primate species-specific use of alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites for these testis-specific DDX3Y transcript variants. They have evolved subsequently in the 3´UTRs of the primates´ DDX3Y transcripts. Whereas a distal APA site (PAS4) is still used for polyadenylation of most DDX3Y testis transcripts in Callithrix jacchus; two proximal APAs (PAS1; PAS2) are used predominantly in Macaca mulatta, in Pan trogloydates and in human. This shift corresponds with a significant increase of DDX3Y protein expression in the macaque testis tissue. In chimpanzee and human, shift to predominant use of the most proximal APA site (PAS1) is associated with translation of these DDX3Y transcripts in only premeiotic male germ cells. We therefore assume evolution of a positive selection process for functional DDX3Y testis transcripts in these primates which increase their stability and translation efficiency to promote its cell cycle balancing function in the human male germ line.
Population pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of intravenous levofloxacin in hospitalized adult patients
Authors: Setiawan Eko , Abdul-Aziz Mohd-Hafiz , Cotta Menino Osbert , Susaniwati Susaniwati , Cahjono Heru , Sari Ika Yunita , Wibowo Tjipto , Marpaung Ferdy Royland , Roberts Jason A.
Published: May 2022

Although levofloxacin has been used for the last 25 years, there are limited pharmacokinetic data to guide levofloxacin dosing in adult patients. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of levofloxacin for adult hospitalized patients and define dosing regimens that attain pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target associated with maximum effectiveness. Blood samples were drawn from 26 patients during one dosing interval. Population pharmacokinetic modelling and dosign simulations were performed using Pmetrics®. Pathogen minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) distribution data from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing database was used to analyse fractional target attainment (FTA). A two-compartment model adequately described the data. The final model included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to describe clearance. The population estimate for clearance was 1.12 L/h, while the volume of distribution in the central compartment and peripheral compartments were 27.6 L and 28.2 L, respectively. Our simulation demonstrated that an area under free concentration–time curve to MIC ≥ 80 was hardly achieved for pathogens with MIC ≥ 1 mg/L. Low FTA against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae were observed for patients with higher eGFR (≥ 80 mL/min/1.73m2). A daily levofloxacin dose of 1000 mg is suggested to maximise the likelihood of efficacy for adult patients.
Impact of sweet, umami, and bitter taste receptor (TAS1R and TAS2R) genomic and expression alterations in solid tumors on survival
Authors: Carey Ryan M. , Kim TaeBeom , Cohen Noam A. , Lee Robert J. , Nead Kevin T.
Published: May 2022

Originally identified on the tongue for their chemosensory role, the receptors for sweet, umami, and bitter taste are expressed in some cancers where they regulate important cellular processes including apoptosis and proliferation. We examined DNA mutations (n = 5103), structural variation (n = 7545), and expression (n = 6224) of genes encoding sweet or umami receptors (TAS1Rs) and bitter receptors (TAS2Rs) in 45 solid tumors subtypes compared to corresponding normal tissue using The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype Tissue Expression Project databases. Expression of TAS1R and TAS2R genes differed between normal and cancer tissue, and nonsilent mutations occurred in many solid tumor taste receptor genes (~ 1–7%). Expression levels of certain TAS1Rs/TAS2Rs were associated with survival differences in 12 solid tumor subtypes. Increased TAS1R1 expression was associated with improved survival in lung adenocarcinoma (mean survival difference + 1185 days, p = 0.0191). Increased TAS2R14 expression was associated with worse survival in adrenocortical carcinoma (−1757 days, p < 0.001) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (−640 days, p = 0.0041), but improved survival in non-papillary bladder cancer (+ 343 days, p = 0.0436). Certain taste receptor genes may be associated with important oncologic pathways and could serve as biomarkers for disease outcomes.
Adipokine human Resistin promotes obesity-associated inflammatory intervertebral disc degeneration via pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade activation
Authors: Shin Jae Hee , Park SeongHyun , Cho Hansang , Kim Joo Han , Choi Hyuk
Published: May 2022

Adipokine human Resistin (hResistin), is known to be associated with insulin resistance and secrete low-grade pro-inflammatory cytokines in obesity. Although studies on low-grade inflammation of adipokine hResistin are known, studies on the effects and mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) are still lacking. Thus, we investigated the adipokine hResistin with or without pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in intervertebral disc (IVD) cells such as human annulus fibrosus (hAF) and nucleus pulposus (hNP). The protein expression changes in IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13, induced by the combined-hResistin and IL-1β stimulation on hAF cells, was significantly greater than that of the same induced by mono-IL-1β stimulation. Similarly, in the case of the protein expression change of inflammatory mediators induced by the combined-hResistin and IL-1β stimulation on hNP cells was also significantly greater than that of the same induced by mono-IL-1β stimulation. These results improve understanding of hResistin on inflammatory IVDD but also with other obesity-related inflammatory diseases.
A digital SIW-slot antenna array with FPGA implementation of beamforming
Authors: Li Haitao , Li Shanshan , Hou Bo , Zhang Xianli , Wen Weijia , Hu Chuandeng
Published: May 2022

The future satellite platform and 5G communication systems place high demands on antennas, in which the antenna should offer low-cost, lightweight, electronically steerable features. In this paper, the design of a digital slot antenna element based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. SIW guides the microwave inside the substrate confined with planar metallic covers and through-hole synthetized side-walls in conventional applications, and can also radiate the microwave towards free space in antenna applications through opening slots in its metallic covers. The slot antenna element is realized by implementing PIN diodes across the gaps on both sides of the pad in the center of the slot antenna, to provide the switching freedom of the slot antenna element between radiating and non-radiating states. Besides, radial decoupling stubs are introduced into the bias line so as to reduce the leakage of the energy in the SIW structure. Applying a series of on/off states to the diodes produces various radiation patterns, thus wide range scanning is possible supposing that enough array elements are equipped. Finally, a digital SIW-slot array composed of 8 by 4 elements with tunable field programmable gate array circuits are fabricated and measured. The measured results validate the reconfigurable characteristics for the radiation pattern of the proposed digital SIW-slot antenna array without heavy engineering of phase shifter in conventional antenna arrays. The antenna is consisted by 4 by 8 elements and its dimension, simulated gain and radiation efficiency are 145 mm $$\times$$
×
127 mm $$\times$$
×
1.524 mm, 15 dBi and 53.5%, respectively. Our designed SIW antenna has the advantage of both size and weight. Furthermore, its digitalized control of beamforming allows a programming-friendly interface for smart antenna development.
Prevalence and animal level risk factors associated with Trypanosoma evansi infection in dromedary camels
Authors: Selim Abdelfattah , Alafari Hayat Ali , Attia Kotb , AlKahtani Muneera D. F. , Albohairy Fatima M. , Elsohaby Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

Surra is a non-cyclic parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) and spread by biting flies. The disease has a severe impact on camel health, productivity, and market value, posing a significant threat to food safety and the economy. In a cross-sectional study, 370 blood samples were collected from camels in three Egyptian governorates. Samples were tested using parasitological (thin blood smear (TBS)), card agglutination test for T. evansi (CATT), and PCR to estimate the prevalence of T. evansi infection. Overall, the prevalence of T. evansi among examined camels was 17.3%, 18.9% and 22.7% using TBS, CATT and PCR methods, respectively. The risk of T. evansi infection in older camels (> 10 years) is higher than that in young ones (odds ratio (OR) = 9; 95% CI: 3.5–23.1), particularly during spring (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1–5.7). Furthermore, females and poor conditioned camels were 2.6 and four times more likely to get infection than males and good conditioned camels, respectively. The level of agreement between diagnostics tests were perfect kappa (> 0.83). Moreover, CATT showed higher sensitivity (0.83; 95% CI: 0.74–0.91) than TBS (0.76; 95% CI: 0.66–0.85) and both had perfect specificity (100%). In conclusion, our findings revealed a high rate of T. evansi infection in camels from the three Egyptian governorates. The CATT is a good test for routine use in control program of trypanosomiasis in camels.
Morphological characteristics of the infrapatellar fat pad
Authors: Edama Mutsuaki , Otsuki Tomofumi , Yokota Hirotake , Hirabayashi Ryo , Sekine Chie , Maruyama Sae , Kageyama Ikuo
Published: May 2022

The relationship between the morphological characteristics of the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) and joint deformity has yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the morphological characteristics of the IFP and to identify the relationships between morphological characteristics of the IFP and degenerative grade of the articular surface of the patella. This investigation examined 41 legs from 25 Japanese cadavers. The IFP length, width, and volume were measured. It was categorized into three types: Type I, IFP proximal located on medial and lateral sides of the patella; Type II, the IFP proximal only located medially; and Type III, absence of the IFP proximal. Articular surfaces were graded as macroscopically intact or mildly altered (Grade I), moderately (Grade II), or severely (Grade III). Grade III was significantly more frequent than Grades I or II in Type III. IFP volume was significantly larger in Type I than in Types II or III. A negative correlation was found between the degenerative grade of the articular surface of the patella and IFP volume. It was suggested that a relationship between the degenerative grade of the articular surface of the patella and the IFP volume.
Stereophotogrammetry can feasibly assess ‘physiological’ longitudinal three-dimensional head development of very preterm infants from birth to term
Authors: Dieks Jana-K. , Jünemann Laura , Hensel Kai O. , Bergmann Charlotte , Schmidt Stefan , Quast Anja , Horn Sebastian , Sigler Matthias , Meyer-Marcotty Philipp , Santander Petra
Published: May 2022

Head development is a surrogate for brain development in infants and is related to neurocognitive outcome. There is only limited knowledge on early extra-uterine head shape and size assessment in very preterm infants. Here, 26 very preterm infants with a mean gestational age of 29.1 ± 2.2 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1273.8 ± 427.7 g underwent serial stereophotogrammetric 3D head imaging in weekly intervals from birth to term-equivalent age. The main outcome was the longitudinal assessment of the ‘physiological’ preterm head development with cephalometric size (head circumference, cranial volume) and shape parameters (cranial index, cranial vault asymmetry index) according to chronological and postmenstrual age (PMA). Potential clinical risk factors for the development of an abnormal low cranial index (dolichocephaly) were analysed. In serial measurements of 26 infants, the estimated head volume (95% confidence interval) increased from 244 (226–263) cm3 at 28 weeks PMA to 705 (688–721) cm3 at 40 weeks PMA. Moderate or severe dolichocephaly occurred in 21/26 infants (80.8%). Cranial index decreased over time (72.4%; 70.7–74 95% confidence interval). Brachycephaly and plagiocephaly were uncommon. No risk factors for severe dolichocephaly were identified. Our study shows that early detection of head shape and size anomalies utilizing 3D stereophotogrammetry is feasible and safe even in very preterm infants < 1500 g and/or < 32 weeks. 3D stereophotogrammetry could be used for timely identification of infants at risk for head shape anomalies. No specific risk factors for head shape anomalies were identified, especially not mode and duration of respiratory support.
A new krypton complex – experimental and computational investigation of the krypton sulphur pentafluoride cation, [KrSF5]+, in the gas phase
Authors: Oliveira Sandrina , Bandeira Nuno A. G. , Leal João P. , Maria Leonor , Carretas José M. , Monteiro Bernardo , Marçalo Joaquim
Published: May 2022

Gas-phase reaction of Kr+ with SF6, examined by FTICR mass spectrometry, gave rise to the new species [KrSF5]+, whereas a Xe analogue was not observed. Ab initio computational studies established [KrSF5]+ as a weakly bound complex.
Red yeast rice dietary intervention reduces oxidative stress-related inflammation and improves intestinal microbiota
Authors: Huang Yaping , Li Ping , Li Zhengang , Zhu Dongdong , Fan Yufei , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhao Chumin , Jiao Jingbo , Du Xinjun , Wang Shuo
Published: May 2022

RYR dietary intervention could significantly improve the cognitive ability of mice, reduce oxidative stress and NF-κB-mediated inflammation, slowing down apoptosis and regulating the intestinal flora in mice.
One-dimensional magnetism in a facile spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a low saturation field
Authors: C. Sharath Kumar , Sebastian Amal , S. Athira , Singh Ranjit , Kakarlamudi Akhil Chakravarthy , Alex Andrews P. , Reddy Sivaranjana , Jaiswal-Nagar D.
Published: May 2022

This work reports the synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of a facile spin 1/2 one dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet bis(4-aminopyridinium) bis(oxalato)cuprate(ii) dihydrate, (C5H7N2)2[Cu(C2O4)2]·2H2O.
Spectroscopic insight into post-synthetic surface modification of porous glass beads as a silica model system
Authors: Wenzel Marianne , Eckert Louisa , Müller Kai , Solonenko Dmytro , Wiebeler Christian , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Enke Dirk , Matysik Jörg
Published: May 2022

29Si MAS NMR, Raman spectroscopy and hyperpolarized129Xe NMR reveal the post-synthetic modification of porous glass. The grafting, the effect on the pore structure and the identity of the immobilized species are investigated.
Molecular dynamics simulations of proton conducting media containing phosphoric acid
Authors: Jinnouchi Ryosuke
Published: May 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations using machine-learned force fields revealed the significant role of anion rotations in proton transport.
Generation of local redox potential from confined nano-bimetals in porous metal silicate materials for high-performance catalysis
Authors: Liu Yang-Yang , Shi Xiao-Ke , Wu Chuan-De
Published: May 2022

Confining nano-bimetals in porous metal silicate materials could improve the stabiliy and facilitate electron and charge transfer in catalysis, demonstrating great potential to replace noble metal-based catalysts for industrial applications.
Modification of CrCeOx with Mo: improved SO2 resistance and N2 selectivity for NH3-SCR at medium–low temperatures
Authors: Yun Junge , Tong Zhangfa , Hu Xiaomei , Zhao Cheng , Liu Chengxian , Chen Dingsheng , Zhang Hanbing , Chen Zhihang
Published: May 2022

Mo doping effectively changed the reaction mechanism and surface acidity of CrCeOx catalysts from E–R to L–H, enhancing the sulfur resistance and N2 selectivity.
Synthesis of discrete bottlebrush polymers via the iterative convergent growth technique and post-functionalization
Authors: Ma Hyunji , Ha Sungmin , Jeong Jisu , Wang Valene , Kim Kyoung Taek
Published: May 2022

The formation of discrete bottlebrush polymers (Step 1: Iterative convergent growth. Step 2: Post-functionalization using thiol–ene click chemistry.)
Interplay between chalcogen bonds and dynamic covalent bonds
Authors: Jia Shuaipeng , Ye Hebo , You Lei
Published: May 2022

A combination of chalcogen bonds, one type of emerging non-covalent bonding force, and imine bonds, allow the control of the dynamic covalent chemistry with orbital interactions and the reversal of kinetic and thermodynamic selectivity.
Pyrazolone-type compounds: synthesis andin silicoassessment of antiviral potential against key viral proteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Branković Jovica , Milovanović Vesna M. , Simijonović Dušica , Novaković Slađana , Petrović Zorica D. , Trifunović Snežana S. , Bogdanović Goran A. , Petrović Vladimir P.
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus outbreak is still a major public health concern.
CO2 adsorption on PEHA-functionalized geothermal silica waste: a kinetic study and quantum chemistry approach
Authors: Estévez-Jácome Jonatan , Argáez Carlos , Ramírez-Zamora Rosa-María , Alcántar-Vázquez Brenda
Published: May 2022

The use of geothermal silica waste to prepare amine-modified CO2 adsorbent materials was succesfully tested.
Synthesis of modified amphiphilic quaternary ammonium silicotungstate and its application in heterogeneous catalytic oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Guo Yanwen , Liu Xingjian , Hu Bing
Published: May 2022

Mechanism of amphiphilic quaternary ammonium silicotungstate for oxidative desulfurization.
Total synthesis ofLentinus giganteusglycans with antitumor activitiesviastereoselective α-glycosylation and orthogonal one-pot glycosylation strategies
Authors: Zhang Yunqin , Hu Yanlei , Liu Shanshan , He Haiqing , Sun Roujing , Lu Gang , Xiao Guozhi
Published: May 2022

Stereoselective and one-pot synthesis ofLentinus giganteusglycans with antitumor activities has been accomplished, which features a newly developed merging reagent modulation and remote anchimeric assistance (RMRAA) α-galactosylation strategy.
Modes of adhesion of two Janus nanoparticles on the outer or inner side of lipid vesicles
Authors: Zhu Yu , Sharma Abash , Spangler Eric J. , Laradji Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Using molecular dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained model, in conjunction with the weighted histogram analysis method, the adhesion modes of two spherical Janus nanoparticles (NPs) on the outer or inner side of lipid vesicles are explored in detail.
Anionically modified N-(alkyl)acrylamide-based semi-IPN hybrid gels reinforced with SiO2 for enhanced on–off switching and responsive properties
Authors: Kalkan Birgul , Orakdogen Nermin
Published: May 2022

Semi-interpenetrated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)/polyacrylamide P(NIPA–MA)/PAAm hybrids reinforced with silica were designed by incorporation of PAAm chains by simultaneous radical polymerization under warm and cold conditions.
Transactional Success in the Texting of Individuals With Aphasia
Authors: Lee Jaime B. , Cherney Leora R.
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

Text messaging is a pervasive form of communication in today's digital society. Our prior research indicates that individuals with aphasia text, but they vary widely in how actively they engage in texting, the types of messages they send, and the number of contacts with whom they text. It is reported that people with aphasia experience difficulties with texting; however, the degree to which they are successful in conveying information via text message is unknown. This study describes the development of a rating scale that measures transactional success via texting and reports on the transactional success of a sample of 20 individuals with chronic aphasia. The relationships between texting transactional success and aphasia severity, texting confidence, and texting activity are explored.

Method:

Performance on a texting script was evaluated using a three-category rating in which turns elicited from participants with aphasia received a score of 0 (
no transaction of message
), 1 (
partial transaction
), or 2 (
successful transaction
). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Interrater reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficient and Krippendorff's alpha.

Results:

Although preliminary, results suggest adequate internal consistency and strong interrater reliability. Texting transactional success on the script response items was significantly correlated with overall aphasia severity and severity of reading and writing deficits, but there was no relationship between transactional success and texting confidence or overall texting activity.

Conclusions:

This study describes initial efforts to develop a rating scale of texting transactional success and to evaluate the validity of scores derived from this measure. Information from a texting transactional success measure could inform treatment that aims to improve electronic messaging in people with aphasia.
DABCO-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Isatin-Derived Nitrones and Electron-Deficient Dienes via a 1,6-Addition Reaction
Authors: Wang Zhen , Yao Weijun , Luo Zihao
Published: May 2022

Regio-, chemo-, and diastereoselective [3+2] dipolar cycloadditions of isatin-derived nitrone ylides with penta-2,4-dienenitriles have been developed. The reaction proceeds through the organic base DABCO catalyzed 1,6-addition to linear penta-2,4-dienenitriles, followed by the intramolecular cyclization. This procedure is capable of tolerating a relatively wide range of nitrone ylides under mild conditions, facilitating the preparation of various 1′-hydroxyspiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrolidine] derivatives.
A Sequential Cycloisomerization/Oxidative Aromatization of 2-Propargyl-cyclohexenones for Direct Access to Substituted Benzofurans
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Wadekar Ketan , Nair Karna , Prapurna Y. Lakshmi
Published: May 2022

A new approach for the synthesis of benzofurans starting from non-aromatic precursors is reported. The reaction involves sequential DBU-mediated cycloisomerization for furanylation followed by benzene ring construction via oxidative aromatization in the presence of Oxone®. Atom- and pot-economy, simple reaction conditions, the straightforward preparation of starting materials and access to diverse substituted benzofurans are the major advantages of this reaction.
Therapeutic Effect of Autologous Activated Platelet-rich Plasma Therapy on Mid-dermal to Full-thickness Burns: A Case Series
Authors: Karina Karina , Ekaputri Krista , Biben Johannes Albert , Hadi Pritha , Andrew Hubert , Sadikin Patricia Marcellina
Published: May 2022

Although modern medicine has made great strides in the management of burn injuries, associated complications such as pain, infection, dyspigmentation, and scarring have yet to be fully dealt with. Although skin grafting and meshing are routinely performed on burn patients, this method poses a risk for adverse effects. Activated autologous platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP), which is increasingly used in the field of plastic surgery, contains growth factors beneficial for wound regeneration. Seven cases of burns with varying severity and conditions that were treated with intralesional subcutaneous injection and intravenous aaPRP are presented and discussed herein. This case series indicates that subcutaneous and intravenous aaPRP is a safe procedure with the potential to be an alternative when skin grafting cannot be done or as an adjunct treatment to skin grafting.
Chronic Infection and Nodule Formation following Deoxycholate Injection
Authors: Shahid Shahab , Al-Hassani Fawaz
Published: May 2022

Aqualyx (Marllor International Ltd, Rimini, Italy) was originally developed in Italy by Professor Pasquale Motolese and has been commercially available since 2009. It is a deoxycholate, aqueous gelatinous solution mixed with saline and buffering compounds. It is the only drug approved by the European Union for the reduction in localized fat. Aqualyx is sold exclusively to doctors and nurses trained in intralipotherapy. In the case of our patient, the product administered was advertised as Aqualyx, but was not administered by a trained health professional and was administered too superficially. The patient developed severe pain following the injection and was unable to sit for several weeks. There was localized skin necrosis, and palpable collections where the injection was administered. Our initial suspicion was development of an abscess or hematoma. To characterize further, we arranged an ultrasound scan that showed a “superficial hypoechoic lesion” but no deeper infection or spread. The numerous painful nodules ruptured onto the skin surface, resulting in purulent and bleeding lesions. This case demonstrates the importance of appropriate training and competence in performing cosmetic procedures including injections and fat dissolving treatments.
Single-Port Transaxillary Robot-Assisted Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Reconstruction for Poland Syndrome: Concomitant Application of Robotic System to Contralateral Augmentation Mammoplasty
Authors: Hwang Yong-Jae , Chung Jae-Ho , Lee Hyung-Chul , Park Seung-Ha , Yoon Eul-Sik
Published: May 2022

Currently, robot-assisted latissimus dorsi muscle flap (RLDF) surgery is used in treating patients with Poland syndrome and for breast reconstruction. However, conventional RLDF surgery has several inherent issues. We resolved the existing problems of the conventional system by introducing the da Vinci single-port system in patients with Poland syndrome. Overall, three patients underwent RLDF surgery using the da Vinci single-port system with gas insufflation. In the female patient, after performing RLDF with silicone implant, augmentation mammoplasty was also performed on the contralateral side. Both surgeries were performed as single-port robotic-assisted surgery through the transaxillary approach. The mean operating time was 449 (335–480) minutes; 8.67 (4–14) minutes were required for docking and 59 (52–67) minutes for robotic dissection and LD harvesting. No patients had perioperative complication and postoperative problems related to gas inflation. The single-port robot-assisted surgical system overcomes the drawbacks of previous robotic surgery in patients with Poland syndrome, significantly shortens the procedure time of robotic surgery, has superior cosmetic outcomes in a surgical scar, and improves the operator's convenience. Furthermore, concurrent application to another surgery demonstrates the possibility in the broad application of the robotic single-port surgical system.
Short-Term Surgical Complications of Skin-Sparing Mastectomy and Direct-to-Implant Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Women Concurrently Treated with Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Kooijman Merel M. L. , Hage J. Joris , Scholten Astrid N. , Vrancken Peeters Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. , Woerdeman Leonie A. E.
Published: May 2022

Background Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is allegedly associated with a higher risk of complications of combined nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy and subpectoral direct-to-implant immediate breast reconstruction ([N]SSM/SDTI-IBR). For this reason, this combination is usually advised against or, even, refused in women who need to undergo PMRT. Because this advice has never been justified, we assessed the short-term complications that may potentially be associated with PMRT after [N]SSM/SDTI-IBR.

Methods We compared the complications requiring reintervention and implant loss occurring after 273 [N]SSM/SDTI-IBR that were exposed to PMRT within the first 16 postoperative weeks (interventional group) to those occurring in 739 similarly operated breasts that were not (control group). Additionally, we compared the fraction of complications requiring reintervention occurring after the onset of radiotherapy in the interventional group to that occurring after a comparable postoperative period in the control group.

Results The fraction of breasts requiring unscheduled surgical reinterventions for complications and the loss of implants did not differ significantly between both groups but significantly more reinterventions were needed among the controls (p = 0.00). The fraction of events after the onset of radiotherapy in the interventional group was higher than the fraction of events after 6.2 weeks in the control group, but not significantly so.

Conclusion We found no prove for the alleged increase of short-term complications of adjuvant radiotherapy. Therefore, we advise that these should not be considered valid arguments to advice against [N]SSM/SDTI-IBR.
Clinical Assessment of Pain and Sensory Function in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Recovery: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: John Albin A. , Rossettie Stephen , Rafael John , Cox Cameron T. , Ducic Ivica , Mackay Brendan J.
Published: May 2022

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often present with variable symptoms, making them difficult to diagnose, treat, and monitor. When neurologic compromise is inadequately assessed, suboptimal treatment decisions can result in lasting functional deficits. There are many available tools for evaluating pain and functional status of peripheral nerves. However, the literature lacks a detailed, comprehensive view of the data comparing the clinical utility of these modalities, and there is no consensus on the optimal algorithm for sensory and pain assessment in PNIs. We performed a systematic review of the literature focused on clinical data, evaluating pain and sensory assessment methods in peripheral nerves. We searched through multiple databases, including PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar, to identify studies that assessed assessment tools and explored their advantages and disadvantages. A total of 66 studies were selected that assessed various tools used to assess patient's pain and sensory recovery after a PNI. This review may serve as a guide to select the most appropriate assessment tools for monitoring nerve pain and/or sensory function both pre- and postoperatively. As the surgeons work to improve treatments for PNI and dysfunction, identifying the most appropriate existing measures of success and future directions for improved algorithms could lead to improved patient outcomes.
The “Sombrero-Shape” Super-Thin Pedicled ALT Flap for Complete Scrotal Reconstruction Following Fournier's Gangrene
Authors: Sapino Gianluca , Gonvers Stephanie , Cherubino Mario , di Summa Pietro G.
Published: May 2022

When the scrotal sac is entirely debrided following a Fournier gangrene, testes exposure poses unique challenges for the reconstructive surgeon. Despite the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is considered a workhorse in such context, aesthetic results are often suboptimal because of the lack of natural ptosis and patchwork appearance. We describe the use of a super-thin pedicled ALT flap for total scrotal reconstruction, modified according to a peculiar flap design and inset technique. A 42-year-old man was referred to our department for delayed total scrotal reconstruction 8 months after a Fournier gangrene extensive debridement. A super-thin pedicled ALT flap from the right thigh was designed: in the central portion of the ALT, a lateral skin paddle extension was marked to guarantee adequate posterior anchorage during insetting and ptosis of the scrotal sac. This particular flap arrangement has inspired the name “sombrero” as the shape is akin to the famous hat. No secondary refinements were needed, and the patient showed satisfying aesthetic and functional results at 12 months' follow-up. The ALT flap design “sombrero” modification proposed in this article can improve scrotum cosmesis and patient satisfaction in a single-stage single-flap procedure.
Real gas effects in sound wave propagation through two-phase systems
Authors: Kalikmanov V. I. , Hagmeijer R.
Published: May 2022

We study sound wave propagation through a two-phase system of gas with dispersed liquid droplets. The key element of the study is a combination of real gas effects, entering the model via a suitable equation of state, with steady and unsteady contributions to the drag force and heat transfer. This feature makes the model applicable for arbitrary pressures and temperatures. In the cases of low and high wave frequencies, ω, analytical solution is derived. At low ω, the model yields a generalization of the homogenous flow approximation to real gases. At high ω, the speed of sound tends to its value in the real gas in the absence of droplets while the attenuation coefficient diverges as ω. The model predicts the phenomenon of resonant attenuation demonstrated by the maximum of the growth rate of attenuation coefficient when ω is close to the eigen frequency of particle relaxation. In the absence of droplets (single-phase limit) for the gas satisfying the van der Waals equation of state, the model yields the corresponding states principle for the speed of sound: The ratio of the actual speed of sound to its ideal-gas value is the universal function of reduced density and temperature. This ratio demonstrates a nonmonotonous behavior of the speed of sound as a function of density reflecting the competition between the repulsive and attractive terms in the intermolecular interaction potential.