bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Impairment Following Clinical or Recreational Use of Gammahydroxybutyric
Acid (GHB): A Systematic Review
Authors: Amsterdam Jan Van , Brunt Tibor M. , Pereira Filipa R. , Crunelle Cleo L. , Brink Wim Van Den
Published: June 2021

Background:

GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; sodium oxybate) is a general anaesthetic
that is clinically used for the treatment of narcolepsy, cataplexy, alcohol withdrawal and alcohol
relapse prevention. In addition, GHB is recreationally used. Most clinical and recreational users
regard GHB as an innocent drug devoid of adverse effects, despite its high dependence potential
and possible neurotoxic effects. At high doses, GHB may lead to a comatose state. This paper systematically
reviews possible cognitive impairments due to clinical and recreational GHB use.

Methods:

PubMed and PsychINFO were searched for literature data about the acute and residual
cognitive deficits following GHB use. This review is conducted using the PRISMA protocol.

Results:

A total of 43 reports covering human and animal data on GHB-induced cognitive impairments
were eligible and reviewed. This systematic review found no indication for cognitive impairments
after clinical GHB use. However, it supports the view that moderate GHB use may result
in acute short-term cognitive impairments, whereas regular high-dose GHB use and/or multiple
GHB-induced comas are probably neurotoxic resulting in long-term residual cognitive impairments.

Conclusion:

These results emphasize the need for awareness among clinicians and recreational
users to minimize negative health consequences of recreational GHB use, particularly when high
doses are used and GHB-induced comas occur.
DeepFusion-RBP: Using Deep Learning to Fuse Multiple Features to Identify RNA-binding Protein Sequences
Authors: Wang Xu , Wang Shunfang , Fu Haoyi , Ruan Xiaoli , Tang Xianjun
Published: June 2021

Background:

RNA-binding protein plays an important role in regulating splicing, RNA
transport, and other post-transcriptional processes, identifying special RNA binding domains, and interacting
with RNA.

Objective:

This paper proposes a deep learning framework, DeepFusion-RBP, composed of three submodels.
A sliding window is used to obtain sub-sequences, local features are obtained, and then the
model is customized for each feature.

Methods:

The main advantage of this research is using the sliding window method to cut the original
sequence. While expanding the data set, this method avoids filling in too much meaningless data. Then,
the model is customized for each feature to accurately perform RNA binding protein classification, with
specific methods such as LSTM, Conv1D, Amino acid embedding, etc.

Results:

To test whether the customized model can improve the final prediction effect, we used different
combinations of sub-models and test sets of different lengths. The prediction ACC, F1-score and MCC
of DeepFusion-RBP are 92.62%, 91.29%, and 84.96%, respectively, with cross-validation. At the same
time, DeepFusion-RBP also showed excellent performance on three independent verification sets.

Conclusion:

The results of 10-fold cross-validation and the independent verification set tests both suggested
that the proposed models for different features and intercepting sub-sequences produce a certain
improvement in the prediction effect of the model. The data supporting the findings of the article are
available at https://github.com/mmwangxu/DeepFusion-RBP-tool.
Examining Challenges to the Incorporation of End Users in the Design of Digital Health Interventions: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Duffy Anthony , Christie Greg , Moreno Sylvain
Published: June 2021

Background

The process of designing a digital health intervention (DHI)—also referred to as mobile health or eHealth—spans needs assessments, technical functionality and feasibility, user satisfaction, effectiveness, impact, and value. These interventions are causing a rapid evolution in the landscape of health care. Multiple studies have shown their propensity to extend both the quality and reach of interventions. However, failure to improve DHI design is linked to failed uptake and health outcomes. This dilemma is further conflicted by the colliding backdrops of the digital and health industries, both of which approach, understand, and involve end users differently in the framing of a DHI.

Objective

The objective of this systematic review is to assess the challenges to incorporating end users in the design stage of digital health interventions, to identify key pain points, and to identify limitations and gaps for areas of future investigation.

Methods

The PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols) checklist will be used to structure this protocol. A systematic search of the PsycINFO, PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases will be conducted. Additionally, the PerSPEcTiF guidelines for complex interventions will be consulted. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of the identified references and select studies according to the eligibility criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. Two reviewers will independently extract and validate data from the included studies into a standardized form and conduct quality appraisal.

Results

As of February 2021, we have completed a preliminary literature search examining challenges to the incorporation of end users in the design stage of DHIs. Systematic searches, data extraction and analysis, and writing of the systematic review are expected to be completed by December 2021.

Conclusions

This systematic review aims to provide an effective summary of key pain points toward incorporating end users in DHIs. Results from this review will provide an evidence base for a better approach to end user involvement in the interest of improving efficacy and uptake of DHIs.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021238164; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=238164

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/28083
Implementation of the Blending Learning Approach: The Case of SPUP Graduate School
Authors: Bansig Inicia C.
Published: June 2021

This study aims to assess the implementation of the Blended Learning Approach (BLA) at the Graduate School level at St. Paul University Philippines. The study utilized the mixed research approach. More specifically, the study utilized the quantitative approach particularly the descriptive causal-comparative research design as it assessed the implementation of the BLA and associated factors. The qualitative approach dealt with the responses of the participants regarding their views on the strengths of the BLA and the challenges they encountered in the implementation of the BLA. The study utilized the questionnaire method in gathering the data and covered the faculty and students as the study participants. The tools used for data analysis tools include the frequency and percentage counts, t-test, F-test, and thematic analysis. The results reveal that the participant’s assessment of the extent of implementation of the BLA along the four learning areas is “high”. Most specifically, they rated the aspect on Assessment and Evaluation as “very high”, Methods, Learning Resources, and Modality as “High”.
Reactive Power Management in Solar PV System using Matlab
Authors: Raut Vaibhav S.
Published: June 2021

Photovoltaic (PV) systems propose attractive alternative source of generation because these can be placed near to the load centers when compared with other renewable source of generation. It is therefore rooftop PV is the center of attraction for majority PV systems. The rooftop PV system in general is grid connected and supports the off-grid load with battery backup. The designed system must ensure total evacuation of generated power and with high efficiency of conversion, and utilizes the resource adequately to maximize the utilization of energy. This paper proposes single phase synchronous reference frame (SRF) theory based current controlled PWM controller for the voltage source converter (VSC) to realize maximum generated power evacuation by maintaining the DC link voltage constant without battery support, low THD sinusoidal line synchronized current output, and limited reactive power compensation based on the unutilized capacity of the inverter. PV power is being tracked always at MPP through incremental conductance (IC) method. MATLAB based simulation results shows the efficient working of rooftop PV with proposed control algorithms in grid connected mode with limited reactive power conditioning.
Study of Clayey Soils with Nonwoven Geotextiles as Liners in Landfill Stabilization
Authors: Padmaja Sreeteja Bala
Published: June 2021

Landfills are highly complex, well-engineered series of cells in or above the ground level. Soil stabilization is the alteration of soils to enhance their physical properties. Landfill stabilization increase the shear strength of soil thus improving the load bearing capacity. Geotextiles are permeable fabrics which, when used in association with soil, have the ability to separate, filter, reinforce, protect or drain. All have a wide range of applications and are currently used to advantage in many civil engineering applications including roads, airfields, railroads, embankments, retaining structures, reservoirs, canals, dams, bank protection and coastal engineering. Typically made from polyester, they are classified into woven, needle punched, heat bonded. nonwoven geotextiles are manufactured by bonding materials together made of synthetics and used in separation applications. Non-woven geotextiles have more gaps of plastic membrane and right choice where pooling water is major concern i.e. drainage systems. In this present study, different geotextiles gives varying advantages. The permeability of the soil can be reduced to desired coefficient and also increased based on the type of geotextile used. The angle of shearing resistance (angle of internal friction) would be lower than that of the unreinforced soils. The performance of the geotextiles depends upon the index properties of the soil.
Estimation Model on Electricity Generation from Solar Energy
Authors: Murthy V. V. S.
Published: June 2021

The Solar Energy is produced by the Sunlight is a renewable source of energy which is eco- friendly. Every hour enough sunlight energy reaches the earth to meet the world’s energy demand for a whole year. In today’s generation we needed Electricity every hour. This Solar Energy is generated by as per applications like industrial, commercial, and residential. In this article, we have reviewed about the Solar Energy from Sunlight and illustration given to estimate the parameters for solar energy set up.
Self-Interference Cancellation in Full Duplex Communication using Steepest Descent Method
Authors: Manga N. Alivelu
Published: June 2021

The present-day communication system uses Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) to emulate the benefits of Full Duplex Communication. But it requires more bandwidth as the cost of the spectrum is very high it becomes a major limitation. To overcome this problem implementation of Full Duplex Communication is the best solution. Implementation of full duplex communication is difficult because of a significant problem called self-interference. while transmitting and receiving signals on the same frequency band, receiving signal is interfered with the transmitted signal this phenomenon is called self-interference. The objective of this project is to minimize that self-interference signal from the received signal by using signal processing technique, LMS echo cancellation. Least Mean Square (LMS) echo canceller whose coefficients are updated iteratively is used to cancel the self-interference. An algorithm based on steepest descent method is used to obtain coefficients that change iteratively with varying step size to solve Weiner-Hopfs equation.
Question Paper Generator
Authors: Baviskar Vaishali
Published: June 2021

Generating question papers is a tedious and time-consuming operation. This study uses Python to construct a fuzzy logic-based model for autonomous paper creation. With the aid of a huge number of questions saved in the database, college officials may create a fully personalised question paper. The programme may be used to produce question papers based on the examination level, which may include unit tests. It enables the authorities to pick and choose from the syllabus's chapters. The programme makes use of a database to use the question paper, which might include hundreds of questions. The programme generates a collection of random questions on which the question does not appear. The programme is a great tool for quickly generating question papers and so saving time and effort.
Solar Based Grass Cutter
Authors: Sondhiya Nitesh Kumar
Published: June 2021

As the current problem of environment and noise pollution, we made a small effort to solve this problem. A solar based grass cutter is used to cut the Grass basically in lawn or garden. In this research the proper sizing of solar panel, charge Controller, battery, DC motor were calculated. The maintenance cost has been reduced by using this machine. Proper design of solar panel, battery, charge controller was by catia modelling. Cutting of grass is more time consuming and labour cost. The highly strength blades are used for cutting grass which is powered by DC motor. The present research gives the solution for quick process of cutting grass in order to make environment beautiful.
A Gradient Descent Approach for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Solar PV Systems Networks
Authors: Pandey Jyotsana
Published: June 2021

— The intermittent nature of solar irradiation makes it necessary to continuously track the irradiation and change the orientation of the solar panels so as to maximize the PV output. Since the nature of solar irradiation data is both extremely random and complex, hence classical statistical techniques render inaccuracies in the predicted values. Therefore, machine learning based approaches are needed for the estimation or forecasting of the PV output. The proposed approach employs the gradient descent-based approach for attaining the condition of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The performance of the system has been evaluated in terms of the mean absolute percentage error and accuracy. It has been shown that the proposed system attains an accuracy of 96.31% with an MAPE of 3.69%.
Lightweight Cryptography Algorithms for IOT Devices
Authors: Vennela Vasireddy
Published: June 2021

Lightweight cryptography is a new concept for securing data more effectively while using fewer resources and providing greater throughput, conservatism, and low battery consumption. Every fraction second, the Internet of Things (IoT), which connects billions of objects, generates massive amounts of data. As the number of devices grows, so does the amount of data generated, and the security of that data becomes a concern. In IoT architecture, gadgets are essentially smaller and low-powered. Because of their complexity, traditional encryption methods are computationally expensive and take many rounds to encrypt, basically wasting the limited energy of IoT devices. However, a less sophisticated method may jeopardise the intended fidelity. There are various lightweight cryptography techniques available, and we choose one of the symmetric encryption techniques known as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The speed of this algorithm is six times that of triple DES.
Plant Extract Mediated Synthesis of Transition Metal Nanoparticles: A Review
Authors: Kumar Nimish
Published: June 2021

Green technology is a fast evolving scientific topic that has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its wide range of applications. It is a multidisciplinary field that is safe, non-hazardous, and ecologically friendly, in contrast to chemical and physical approaches for nanoparticle synthesis. Because the existing biomolecules in plant extract act as both a reducing and capping agent, the produced nanoparticles are very stable. As a result, nanoparticles that have been manufactured have a wide range of potential applications in the environmental and biomedical domains. The current report contains current information on numerous green synthesis methods that rely on different plant parts for green transition metal nanoparticles synthesis.
Study on Hyper Spectral Imaging
Authors: Namratha Bathula
Published: June 2021

Spectroscopy deals with how light behave in the target and recognize materials bases on their different spectral signatures. Spectrum describes the amount and range of radiation that is emitted, reflected or transmitted from the target. Hyper spectral data acquisition and exploitation by providing imaging sensors and software solutions covering hundreds of spectral bands from UV-VIS to SWIS is used to observe Earth, atmospheric science, space situation awareness etc. The work focuses primarily on hyper spectral imaging, data acquisition methods, Image resolution improvement strategies.
Evolving Ethical and Regulatory Framework for Artificial Intelligence for Health
Authors: Singh Dr. Mandeep
Published: June 2021

International Telecommunications Union (ITU) / World Health Organization (WHO) / Focus Group (FG) on artificial intelligence for health (FG-AI4H) works in partnership with the (WHO) to establish a standardized assessment framework for the evaluation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based methods for health, diagnosis, triage or treatment decisions. This working group of ITU/WHO "Regulatory considerations for AI" is helping to guide the FG in navigating the regulatory landscape; facilitating contacts, information exchange, and collaborative opportunities of the FG with regulatory bodies. This paper has outlined the key regulatory considerations that are relevant to regulatory agencies for AI development and to define ways to successfully benchmark the AI for health algorithms.
Simulation for Battery Electric Vehicle using MATLAB
Authors: Wankhade Aniket Vinod
Published: June 2021

Electric cars (EVs) are probable to be an opportunity power mode of transportation for the destiny because it has shown a wonderful capability to lessen the intake of petroleum based and different excessive CO2 emitting transportations fuels. on this look at, the additives of the BEVs device had been mentioned and a version of BEV at the MATLAB-Simulink platform was simulated. Furthermore, the applicable electric system additives in addition to its corresponding equations for verification had been recognized. moreover, all simulation effects were taken into consideration. This look at affords a basis for added researches.
A Research on Cyber Security And Cyber Coercion
Authors: Dol Ganraj Rajendra
Published: June 2021

Cyber Security accepts an active role within the space of data technology. Safeguarding the knowledge has become a vast downside within the current day. The cyber security the most issue that originates in mind is 'cyber crimes' that are combination colossally daily. completely different governments and organizations are taking various measures to stay these cyber wrongdoings. aside from completely different measures cyber security is until now a major worry to several. This paper principally emphases on cyber security and cyber coercion. the numerous trends of cyber security and also the consequence of cyber security discuss in it. The act of terrorism might build associations lose billions of bucks within the region of organizations. The paper conjointly explains the parts of cyber coercion and motivation of it. 2 case studies associated with cyber security conjointly offer during this paper. Some answer concerning cyber security and cyber coercion conjointly justify in it.
A Comprehensive Study of Data Analytics & its Application in the Banking Sector
Authors: Thorat Rudra
Published: June 2021

Data analysis is a process where the data is inspected, cleaned, transformed & modelled with the goal of optimizing and creating a bunch of useful information to gain and develop insights which are relevant to the organization. Data analysis has the potential to gain conclusions which can help to overtake the margin of leadership in the respective field which gives important decisions, the data analysis can be implemented in a variety of real-life applications such as the banking sector. The banks operate with so many users and staff but only a real analyst can unlock the prospects required to gain the necessary profits. We look at how data analysis can help the banking sector to achieve better overall results. This paper provides an insight about how data analytics is successfully deployed in the banking & finance sector.
Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected people, depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Ovchinnikov K. V. , Sarmometov E. V. , Kirshina A. A.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to study the timing and frequency of community — acquired pneumonia in HIV-infected people, depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.

Materials and methods. Based on the materials of the Perm regional center for the fight and prevention of AIDS and infectious diseases, medical documentation was studied for 396 patients with HIV-associated pneumonia who died in 2014–2018 the frequency of community-acquired pneumonia (EAP) was estimated depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.

Results and discussion. It turned out that in most cases, EAP in relation to HIV infection is a secondary disease. The average duration of EAP after HIV infection was 4,6±3,7 years. With increasing immunodeficiency and viral load, the incidence of VP increases. Most often, VP is registered with CD4+ lymphocytes less than 200 cells/μl and viral load of 10 000–100 000 copies/ml.
National Language Linguistic Personality and Semiotics of Target Text
Authors: Drosdov Díez Tatiana
Published: June 2021

This article is dedicated to Yuri Nikolaevich Karaulov, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and founder of the scientific school Russian Language Personality. This article is about the complexities of language-based perception: the Spanish readers perception (Spanish linguistic personality) of the target text translated from Russian (The wind blowing from the candy factory by Vadim Mesiats). The author concludes that the original text-based factors, i.e. the Russian linguistic personality and cultural sphere, affect the readers interpretation of the target text informativity, situationality, intertextuality, and, to some extent, the intentionality of the source text.
Landmarks from the Heritage of the Moroccan Thinker, Mohamed Abed Al-Jabri
Authors: Moustakin Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri (1935-2010) is one of the significant philosophical and scientific figures who left their strong and broad imprint in various fields of contemporary Arab culture. Al-Jabri created his philosophy towards various aspects of Arab history. This included philosophy, theology, politics, ethics, and other aspects. His philosophical works culminated in his famous book on "The Arab Mind," in which he dealt with "The Structure of the Arab Mind" and supplemented it with his famous book - "Critique of the Arab Mind." The article's primary task is limited to addressing the intellectual path of Al-Jabri by tracing what he wrote and the content of these works. Besides, in this article, what Al-Jabri wrote is arranged in chronological order in order to clarify the features of the general and particular course of his philosophical creativity. It is a necessary task for scientific research in his philosophy. It provides the reader and researcher with the complete basic set of his books.
Bimal K. Matilal's Philosophy: Language, Realism, Dharma, and Ineffability
Authors: Bilimoria Purushottama
Published: June 2021

The article considers the theoretical and practical consequences of the so-called "soft" version of epistemological realism in Bimal K. Matilal's philosophical project. The author offers an analytical view on Matilal's philosophy, which helps to understand it in a broader prospective, comparing his arguments on perception and objectivity with contemporary arguments in Western analytical philosophy; in fact, it is possible to view Matilal not only as the proponent of revised Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika approach, but also as the follower of realistic view on language, following L. Wittgenstein, W. Quine, H. Putnam and M. Dummett. Despite the fact that such interpretation may sound diverse or multivocal, it nevertheless helps to better understand both lineages of argumentation: the critical review of the impossibility of private language can be compared in both Western and Indian philosophical discourses, which leads into the domain of social epistemology. The second part of the article discusses the ethical arguments on the vulnerability of moral virtues, and the place of Dharma as a term in moral philosophy. Poetical and metaphorical language appears to be a fruitful strategy to discover the ineffable - and also via negativa and catuṣkoṭi - which is shown by Matilal on the example of the unacceptability of lying. The ethical ineffability and its interconnection with Matilal's commentaries on practical wisdom play the crucial part in the interpretations of Dharmaśāstra texts.
Forgotten Ways of Peacekeeping: A Review of the Book «Peace and War: Historical, Philosophical, and Anthropological Perspectives»
Authors: Kumankov Arseniy Dmitrievich , Chaganova Daria Nikolaevna
Published: June 2021

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University codes of ethics: Legal nature and regulatory effect
Authors: Panarina Maria M. , Fonotova Olga V.
Published: June 2021

The issues of determining the subject of the code of ethics of a higher educational institution, identifying its legal characteristics, as well as the particularities of applying this regulator of relations are yet to be studied in Russia. In order to fill the gap in legal knowledge, we have made an attempt, starting with the analysis of the ethics of education in the broad sense, to generalize the Russian and foreign experience in adopting and applying codes of ethics and offer a modern vision of the essence and regulatory function of ethical codes in the practice of educational institutions. The study was conducted using general scientific and special methods of cognition: logical, functional, systemic-structural, methods of generalization, synthesis, induction, and deduction. Certain material conclusions are made based on the sociological research method. The code of ethics of a higher educational institution is a code of conduct for a good faith participant in the educational process. The code is a compromise between different types of ethics: that of a teacher and a student, of a student and an administrative employee. In this regard, the process of discussing specific practical cases and reflection in the code of effective scenarios of interaction between the parties in critical situations are of particular value. In their legal essence, codes of ethics are normative acts, but traditionally they are not regarded as legal acts, as they are adopted by bodies of professional communities and are not often supported by the power of state coercion.
Dispositivity principle in the criminal procedure of Azerbaijan Republic: concept and application in individual rights
Authors: Jafarov Gahraman V.
Published: June 2021

Unlike other principles of criminal procedure (such as legality, presumption of innocence, etc.), the principle of dispositivity (the principle of autonomy of the will of a participant in the proceedings) does not have an independent legal formula, enshrined in a separate article in the current criminal procedure legislation of Azerbaijan. In this regard, questions about the existence, concept, content, individual elements, manifestations, and scope of the principle are becoming relevant and at the same time highly disputable. The author aims to determine the essence of dispositivity, to consider its individual manifestations, as well as to develop scientifically sound recommendations for optimizing the application in practice of the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure in regulating issues related to the dispositive basis of the criminal process. The set goals predetermined solution for such basic issues as study of the philosophical and legal concept of dispositivity; determination of determinants-manifestations of dispositivity in criminal proceedings as a whole; recognition of dispositivity as one of the autonomous principles of the modern criminal process of Azerbaijan. The study was conducted by methods of dialectical cognition based on the principles of reflection, comprehensiveness, unity of induction and deduction, determinism, contradiction, and unity of analysis and synthesis. The author has studied and summarized a great deal of doctrinal material and jurisprudence, and some selected judicial acts have been used as real models for casuistry of the issues addressed in the article. As a result of the study, the author substantiates that, despite the absence of an independent article in the CPC on this principle, dispositivity is an autonomous principle of criminal procedure, not covered by other principles; on the contrary, it enters into various correlative relations with them. In other words, the Code of Criminal Procedure does not provide a binding feature of the principle of criminal procedure. As the main determinants of the principle under study, the author proposes to consider a system of procedural rights of non-governmental participants in the proceedings that have the effect of initiating some kind of proceedings, and the consent of a participant category, which is a mandatory condition in the procedural decision-making mechanism of entities with power.
Trends and lessons of anti-crisis legal regulationin in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gaivoronskaya Yana V. , Miroshnichenko Olga I. , Shakirov Sergey Sh.
Published: June 2021

The article attempts to structure the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the sociopolitical organization of society and legal regulation. The authors offer their own vision of the most significant changes that have occurred in various spheres of society in this specific period. The pandemic has demonstrated the diverse effects of digitalization (both highly positive in terms of social progress and sustainable development, and extremely negative). In addition, during the period of antiviral regulation, certain trends and patterns of legal regulation were spontaneously laid down; they can lead to fundamental and critical changes in the legal system. The article features the trends outlined by the pandemic and formulates proposals, allowing to take into account the extreme experience of survival in the conditions of the viral threat and to enter the post-pandemic world with minimal losses.
Constitutional silence on election postponement in Ethiopia amidst a pandemic: A critique of constitutional interpretation
Authors: Salemot Marew Abebe
Published: June 2021

Election postponement in Ethiopia, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, has raised critical constitutional questions that have never been really thought before in the countrys constitutional law jurisprudence. This is because the state of emergency measure in Ethiopia, due to the spread of COVID-19, is in conflict with constitutional deadlines for elections. The constitutional lacuna is complicated by the absence of explicit constitutional provisions that indisputably govern election postponement. Although any legal measures to postpone election schedule and pass constitutional deadlock is far from simple, the Ethiopian government has suggested four possible options to the constitutional dilemma: dissolving the parliament, declaring state of emergency, amendment of the Constitution and constitutional interpretation. Finally, the House of Federation (HoF), the Ethiopian upper House entrusted to interpret the constitution decided and postponed the election indefinitely until the pandemic no longer poses a risk to public health confirmed by the parliament which has direct vested interest in the outcome. This research investigates whether the constitutional interpretation option adheres to the premises of the Ethiopian Constitution or is it extra constitutional. Accordingly, the HoF provided superficial analysis and fallacious reasoning and failed to meaningfully grapple with the serious constitutional issues. The constitutional interpretation is not constitutionally bound and is defective. The manner the HoF managed the constitutional vacuum concerning election postponement, indisputably, was constitutional interpretation by name but a political decision in practice.
Dossiê A Constituição de 1988 e a Crise Democrática
Authors: Chaloub Jorge , Jalles de Paula Christiane
Published: June 2021

Os distintos olhares para as instituiçõesAs três últimas décadas testemunharam um claro afastamento entre a Ciência Política e a História. As razões são diversas. Contribuem, por um lado, as mudanças na universidade e no sistema de pós-graduação, responsáveis por um progressivo processo de institucionalização e profissionalização, nos quais a especialização e o crescimento vertiginoso das publicações sobre cada área do conhecimento tornam o trabalho com diversas disciplinas cada vez mais difícil, ao menos do ponto de vista do sistema de produtividade vigente. Há, todavia, motivos de outra sorte, fundados em certos pressupostos teóricos e epistêmicos que foram se tornando hegemônicos na Ciência Política do pós-1989.
O significado do lulismo na vida política brasileira: direitos e institucionalização das lutas à luz da Constituição de 88
Authors: Medeiros Josué
Published: June 2021

O objetivo do artigo é analisar a crise da democracia brasileira a partir das relações entre o fenômeno político do lulismo e a Constituição de 1988. Nossa hipótese é que o lulismo, para além da um realinhamento eleitoral, é herdeiro de um conjunto de lutas por direitos que atravessam a Carta Constitucional e das dinâmicas de institucionalização desses direitos. Chamamos esse conjunto de lutas de petismo e argumentamos que o lulismo foi um dos seus resultados possíveis. Nesse sentido, a presente crise da democracia se viabilizou com dois eventos – o golpe parlamentar de 2016 e a prisão de Lula em 2018 – que, juntos, serviram para interditar o lulismo da disputa política, alterando radicalmente o padrão de competição eleitoral vigente desde 1989. Desenvolvemos o argumento de que essa interdição tem um sentido para além do desiquilíbrio das eleições: a coalizão que assumiu o poder em 2016 e depois ajudou a eleger e sustentar o bolsonarismo necessita cancelar a própria relação entre lutas e direitos que desaguaram no lulismo de modo a anular as dimensões democráticas da Constituição de 88 e instaurar a hegemonia do neoliberalismo antidemocrático no Brasil.Palavras-chaves:Democracia; neoliberalismo; lulismo.
CONSTRUCTOS TEÓRICOS DE POLÍTICA INSTITUCIONAL FRENTE AL PERFIL PROFESIONAL DEL POLICÍA DEL SIGLO XXI EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Barón Erika Andrea Camacho , Ariza Carlos Enrique Garavito , Estrada Luis Carlos Cervantes , Fajardo Pascagaza Ernesto , Villarreal Keren Rebeca Castañeda , Govea Jesús Enrique Linares
Published: June 2021

Objetivo. Establecer los elementos teóricos del perfil del policía del siglo XXI que se encuentran presentes en la política institucional frente al servicio de policía y la educación policial de Colombia. Metodología. Cualitativa, a partir del análisis de contenido de textos especializados en servicio de policía y educación policial. La información recolectada se constituyó en la fuente documental de interpretación de los resultados contando con una ficha de recolección de información y un instrumento de procesamiento de la información a través del software de análisis cualitativo Atlas. Ti. Los resultados del análisis se obtuvieron por medio de la construcción de categorías predeterminadas y definidas a partir de las políticas institucionales en educación policial, estas fueron: Características del cuerpo de policial, Retos en seguridad y convivencia en el país, Escenarios institucionales, Profesionalización policial, Competencias policiales y Transparencia policial. Conclusiones. Se evidencia que existe una relación simbólica y práctica entre los procesos de formación policial y las acciones pedagógicas que se vinculan al perfil de formación policial, el cual se integra a un marco de necesidades sociales e institucionales aportando una mirada positiva al proceso de modernización de la Policía Nacional de Colombia.
O USO DO DESIGN DE PRODUTOS COMO UMA FORMA EMPREENDEDORA DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM: UMA PRÁTICA POSSÍVEL?
Authors: Castro Matheus Silva , Silva Matheus Felipe
Published: June 2021

Na tentativa de superar modelos educacionais excludentes e com processos de ensino-aprendizagem centralizados no professor, o início do século XXI viu surgir a pedagogia empreendedora, que visa a formação do aluno preocupado com a sociedade e a comunidade na qual está inserido. Como forma de despertar as habilidades empreendedoras dos alunos, principalmente os do ensino médio, o ensino do design de produtos pode levar os discentes à reflexão sobre o meio em que vivem, para que realizem mapeamento de problemas e busquem de soluções inovadoras. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi apresentar alguns métodos de design de produtos e como eles podem ser adotados para o desenvolvimento do ensino-aprendizagem empreendedor. Para isso, o presente artigo parte de uma pesquisa exploratória de base documental e bibliográfica, construída a partir da interrelação entre a educação empreendedora, partindo do design de produtos, e suas possibilidades para o ensino médio no sentido do desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências dos/nos estudantes. Para tal apresentamos a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) para o ensino médio na área de Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas e os Eixos Cognitivos Comuns das Matrizes de Referência vigentes para o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Em seguida, apresentamos três métodos de design de produtos: Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos, Gestão Ágil de Projetos e Design Thinking. Por fim, relacionamos ferramentas do design de produtos e suas potencialidades no atendimento das habilidades e competências esperadas dos alunos do ensino médio.
TRANSESCRITAS DA EDUCAÇÃO: WOOLF E LISPECTOR
Authors: Veiga Ademilson Filocreão , Da Costa Gilcilene Dias
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo enseja, por meio das obras de Virgínia Woolf e Clarice Lispector, pensar as potências de uma transescrita da educação. O movimento consiste em colocar a literatura sob o domínio dos afectos e perceptos, criar uma intercessão com a filosofia da diferença e a educação, com os personagens de Lispector e Woolf, aproximando e tensionando sentidos ao contingencial e ao essencial da realidade educacional e literária. Partindo desse ponto, esse estudo busca questionar o que é banalizado como realidade única em educação e literatura, por meio de obras das próprias autoras, que realizam deslocamentos de linguagem e experimentações. Para tanto, alguns autores intercedem nesse percurso, como Deleuze e Guattari (1977), Nascimento (2012), Zordan e Tadeu (2004), Prado (2017). Propomos instigações e experimentações no âmbito educacional, por meio de intercessões e aproximações entre Lispector e Woolf ao encontro de uma transescrita como estilo ou Diferença, uma escrita livre e de livre trânsito entre as autoras e personagens, com suas linguagens que colidem umas com as outras, em movimentos confluentes de potências de vida na educação.
Trademark Ownership by the Local Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta: A Model for Municipal Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights
Authors: Riswandi Budi Agus
Published: June 2021

This article aims at elaborating the trademark ownership by the local government in Yogyakarta. As an effort to leverage the region’s historical status in order to add value to products made in this region, the Special Region of Yogyakarta (the “DIY” or the “DIY Government”) has registered its trademarks like “Jogjamark” and “100% Jogja.”  However, there remains a question as to wether the DIY Government have the same rights and obligations concerning intellectual property as private entities, as longa a municipal government is concerned. Generally, a public legal entity is subject to the same laws, with both rights and obligations, as any other legal entity. In this context, the local government of the DIY’s registration of these marks clearly confirms that the Local Government of the DIY is the trademark owner of those trademarks. This registration requires the question as to whether this government entity can legally own registered trademarks or not. In addition, even if the registration is legal, to what extent can the local government use and protect its intellectual property? This paper will address these two issues through an empirical research study, and determines that as a legal entity, the local government can and should own trademarks for the benefit of its population.
Going Too Far Is as Bad as Not Going Far Enough: An Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Internal Controls and Operational Efficiency
Authors: Chen Hanwen , Li Ting , Zhang Chuancai
Published: June 2021

In this study, we explore the inverted U-shaped association between internal control quality and firm operational efficiency. Although effective internal controls can facilitate and improve operational efficiency, excessive internal controls can negatively affect operational efficiency by (1) influencing management energy, attention, risk-taking, and innovation motivations, (2) hindering employees' creativity, enthusiasm, and trust. Our findings support the inverted U-shaped association. We further explore and prove the two channels through which internal controls affect firm operational efficiency: the “information channel” (the quality of internal management reports), and the “application channel” (the enforcement of internal controls). Additionally, we show that the inverted U-shaped association only exists in non-state-owned firms. We do not find significant association between internal control quality and operational efficiency in state-owned firms. Overall, this study suggests that firms should not only establish an optimal level of internal controls, but also enforce the internal controls effectively to achieve their intended goals.
Cardiac Tissue Factor Regulates Inflammation, Hypertrophy, and Heart Failure in Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Cibi Dasan Mary , Sandireddy Reddemma , Bogireddi Hanumakumar , Tee Nicole , Ghani Siti Aishah Binte Abdul , Singh Brijesh K. , Mackman Nigel , Singh Manvendra K. , Singh Anamika
Published: June 2021

Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of heart failure (HF). Diabetes is highly prevalent in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is on the rise worldwide. The role of diabetes in HF is less established, and available treatments for HF are not effective in patients with HFpEF. Tissue factor (TF), a transmembrane receptor, plays an important role in immune cell inflammation and atherothrombosis in diabetes. However, its role in diabetes-induced cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy, and HF has not been studied. In this study, we used wild-type (WT), heterozygous, and low-TF (with 1% human TF) mice to determine the role of TF in type 1 diabetes–induced HF. We found significant upregulation of cardiac TF mRNA and protein levels in diabetic WT hearts compared with nondiabetic controls. WT diabetic hearts also exhibited increased inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy versus controls. However, these changes in cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy were not found in low-TF mice with diabetes compared with their nondiabetic controls. TF deficiency was also associated with improved cardiac function parameters suggestive of HFpEF, which was evident in WT mice with diabetes. The TF regulation of inflammation and cardiac remodeling was further dependent on downstream ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways. In summary, our study demonstrated an important role of TF in regulating diabetes-induced inflammation, hypertrophy, and remodeling of the heart leading to HFpEF.
Etiology of Autoimmune Islet Disease: Timing Is Everything
Authors: Lernmark Åke
Published: June 2021

Life is about timing. —Carl Lewis

The understanding of autoimmune type 1 diabetes is increasing, and examining etiology separate from pathogenesis has become crucial. The components to explain type 1 diabetes development have been known for some time. The strong association with HLA has been researched for nearly 50 years. Genome-wide association studies added another 60+ non-HLA genetic factors with minor contribution to risk. Insulitis has long been known to be present close to clinical diagnosis. T and B cells recognizing β-cell autoantigens are detectable prior to diagnosis and in newly diagnosed patients. Islet autoantibody tests against four major autoantigens have been standardized and used as biomarkers of islet autoimmunity. However, to clarify the etiology would require attention to time. Etiology may be defined as the cause of a disease (i.e., type 1 diabetes) or abnormal condition (i.e., islet autoimmunity). Timing is everything, as neither the prodrome of islet autoimmunity nor the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes tells us much about the etiology. Rather, the islet autoantibody that appears first and persists would mark the diagnosis of an autoimmune islet disease (AID). Events after the diagnosis of AID would represent the pathogenesis. Several islet autoantibodies without (stage 1) or with impaired glucose tolerance (stage 2) or with symptoms (stage 3) would define the pathogenesis culminating in clinical type 1 diabetes. Etiology would be about the timing of events that take place before the first-appearing islet autoantibody.
Wnt Signaling: From Mesenchymal Cell Fate to Lipogenesis and Other Mature Adipocyte Functions
Authors: Bagchi Devika P. , MacDougald Ormond A.
Published: June 2021

Wnt signaling is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved pathway with fundamental roles in the development of adipose tissues. Roles of this pathway in mesenchymal stem cell fate determination and differentiation have been extensively studied. Indeed, canonical Wnt signaling is a significant endogenous inhibitor of adipogenesis and promoter of other cell fates, including osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and myogenesis. However, emerging genetic evidence in both humans and mice suggests central roles for Wnt signaling in body fat distribution, obesity, and metabolic dysfunction. Herein, we highlight recent studies that have begun to unravel the contributions of various Wnt pathway members to critical adipocyte functions, including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. We further explore compelling evidence of complex and coordinated interactions between adipocytes and other cell types within adipose tissues, including stromal, immune, and endothelial cells. Given the evolutionary conservation and ubiquitous cellular distribution of this pathway, uncovering the contributions of Wnt signaling to cell metabolism has exciting implications for therapeutic intervention in widespread pathologic states, including obesity, diabetes, and cancers.
Lokalvalget 2019: Et fremoverskuende valg?
Authors: Christensen Dag Arne , Saglie Jo , Segaard Signe Bock
Published: June 2021

This introductory chapter presents some general features of the Norwegian Local Election Study of 2019. First, we take a close look at the conditions that shaped the 2019 local elections, especially the municipal amalgamation reform. The number of municipalities – 428 at the time of the 2015 local elections – had been reduced to 356 for the 2019 elections, and as a result, many voters cast their votes in a new, merged political unit – yet prior to the actual merger’s implementation. Next, we briefly review the history of the Norwegian Local Election Studies and then present the chapters in the book. The subsequent sections include a more detailed description of the data material on which the book is based and the voter survey in particular. We conclude with some reflections on the way ahead for Norwegian local election research.