bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Integrated RNA and DNA Molecular Signature for Colorectal Cancer Classification
Authors: Mohammed Mohanad , Mwambi Henry , Omolo Bernard
Published: January 2020

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer among women and men in the USA and recent studies have shown an increasing incidence in less developed regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The KRAS gene is mutated in 40% of the CRC cases and hence the RAS pathway activation has become a major focus of drug targeting efforts. However, nearly 60% of patients with wild-type KRAS fail to respond to RAS-targeted therapies, for example the anti-epithelial growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRi) combination therapies. Thus, there is a need to develop more reliable molecular signatures to better predict mutation status. In this study, we develop a hybrid (DNA mutation and RNA expression) signature and assess its predictive properties for the mutation status and survival of CRC patients. Methods: Publicly-available microarray and RNASeq data from 54 matched formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples from the Affymetrix GeneChip and RNASeq platforms, were used to obtain differentially expressed genes between mutant and wild-type samples. For classification, the support-vector machines, artificial neural networks, random forests, k-nearest neighbor, naïve Bayes, negative binomial linear discriminant analysis, and the Poisson linear discriminant analysis algorithms were employed. Results: Compared to the genelist from each of the individual platforms, the hybrid genelist had the highest accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC for mutation status, across all the classifiers, and is prognostic for survival in patients with CRC. Conclusions: This signature could be useful in clinical practice, especially for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Understanding the ”Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation Gap" in Veno-Arterial Configuration for Adult Patients: Timing and Causes of Death. Defining the Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Gap
Authors: Makhoul Maged , Heuts Samuel , Mansouri Abdulrahman , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Obeid Amir , Natour Ehsan , Johnson Daniel M , Bidar Elham , Meani Paolo , Raffa Giuseppe Maria , Delnoij Thijs , Bolotin Gil , Maessen Jos , Lorusso Roberto
Published: January 2020

Background Timing and causes of hospital mortality in adult patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) have been poorly described. Aim of the current review was to investigate the timing and causes of death of adult patients treated with V-A ECMO, and subsequently define the “V-A ECMO gap”, which represents the patients who are successfully weaned of ECMO but eventually die during hospital stay.Methods A systematic search was performed using electronic MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through PubMed. Studies reporting on adult V-A ECMO patients from January 1993 to October 2018 were screened. Timing, rates and causes of in-hospital mortality were analyzed.Results Sixty studies with 9,181 patients were included in this systematic review. Overall mortality was 37.6% during V-A ECMO support (reported by 60 studies) and 28.9% (57 studies) after weaning. Finally, 32.6% were discharged from hospital (60 studies). Most common causes of death on ECMO were multiple organ failure (MOF, 49.8%), followed by cardiac failure (20.6%) and neurological causes (15.7%). Most common causes of death after weaning were MOF (55.3%), followed by neurological complications (12.6%), persistent heart failure (10.7%) and pulmonary infections (6.8%).Conclusions More than one-third of adult V-A ECMO patients die during ECMO therapy. Additionally, almost one half of successfully weaned patients still decease during hospital stay, defining the “V-A ECMO gap”. Underreporting and lack of uniformity in reporting of important parameters remains problematic in ECMO research. Future studies should uniformly define timing and causes of death in V-A ECMO patients to better understand the effectiveness and complications of this therapy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO 2019 number CRD42019130815
What hinders and facilitates the implementation of nurse-led interventions in dementia care? A scoping review
Authors: Karrer Melanie , Hirt Julian , Zeller Adelheid , Saxer Susi
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe implementation of evidence-based interventions for people with dementia is complex and challenging. However, successful implementation might be a key element to ensure evidence-based practice and high quality of care. There is a need to improve implementation processes in dementia care by better understanding the arising challenges. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify recent knowledge concerning barriers and facilitators to implementing nurse-led interventions in dementia care.MethodsWe performed a scoping review using the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Studies explicitly reporting on the implementation process and factors influencing the implementation of a nurse-led intervention in dementia care were included. We searched eight databases until January 2019. Two authors independently selected the studies. For data analysis, we used an inductive approach to build domains and categories.ResultsWe included 26 studies in the review and identified barriers as well as facilitators in five domains: policy (e.g. financing issues, health insurance), organisation (e.g. organisational culture and vision, resources, management support), intervention/implementation (e.g. complexity of the intervention, perceived value of the intervention), staff (e.g. knowledge, experience and skills, attitude towards the intervention), and person with dementia/family (e.g. nature and stage of dementia, response of persons with dementia and their families).ConclusionsBesides general influencing factors for implementing nursing interventions, we identified dementia-specific factors reaching beyond already known barriers and facilitators. A pre-existing person-centred culture of care as well as consistent team cultures and attitudes have a facilitating effect on implementation processes. Furthermore, there is a need for interventions that are highly flexible and sensitive to patients’ condition, needs and behaviour.
Household Food Insecurity, Coping Strategies and Adolescent Girls’ Dietary Diversity Status in Hossana Town, Ethiopia.
Authors: Bancha Belay , Petrose Legese , Fanta Begidu Bashe , Endale Ashebir , Delil Romedan , Lodebo Mengistu
Published: January 2020

Background: Adolescents (10-19 years) represent 20 % of the world’s population. In Ethiopia they account for 20-26% of the general population. With adequate dietary diversity, this period is a window of opportunity to break intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. However, there is scarcity of data on the status of dietary diversity in this segments of the population. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was employed from May 21-June 20, 2019. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from 451 households with adolescent girls. Data was entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR), along with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 434 households with adolescent girls were involved in the study. We found that 41.7% of households were food insecure, only 57.8%, (C.I.53.5-62.2) of adolescent girls consumed diversified diet, with the mean dietary diversity score of 5.38 (SD=1.75). After adjusting for others, occupational status of the adolescents’ father, (AOR= 0.56, 95% C.I. 0.32-0.99 and AOR=0.26, 95% C.I. 0.17-0.47), exposure to televised media (AOR=3.36, 95% C.I. =1.55-7. 3) and household food security status (AOR=5.09, 95% C.I. =3.2-8.08) were significant predictors of dietary diversity among adolescent girls. Conclusion: Significant portion of households were food insecure; practicing ranges of coping strategies which further compromised dietary diversity of adolescent girls. Poor dietary diversity adversely affects micronutrient reserves of to-be a-mother girls; the vicious cycles of malnutrition continues its far fetching effect. Given that adolescence is the second period in life with rapid growth and development, improving dietary status of this sensitive segments of the population are to be an agenda of all concerned bodies.
Expenses and national insurance payments at a municipal-level hospital in rural Nepal: implications for strategic purchasing and universal health coverage
Authors: Schwarz Ryan , Nepal Prajwol , Acharya Bibhav , Adhikari Shiva Raj , Aryal Anu , Basnett Indira , Bhattari Dipak , Choudhury Nandini , Citrin David , Dangal Binod , Dhimal Meghnath , Dhungana Santosh , Gauchan Bikash , Ghimire Hari , Kalaunee SP , Mahara Naranti , Mahar Ramesh , Makhija Pavan , Pathak Mandeep , Raut Anant , Rimal Pragya , Sapkota Sabitri , Schwarz Dan , Sherchan Rekha , Shrestha Biplav , Walter Eric , Maru Duncan
Published: January 2020

Background: Strategic purchasing mechanisms, including national health insurance, provide opportunities to improve quality and progress towards universal health coverage. Nepal’s health insurance program (HIP), begun in 2016, is a national insurance platform aiming to improve financial risk protection, and efficiency, quality, and access to health services. HIP also further engages private-sector providers through strategic purchasing, potentially improving quality, regulation, and accountability. Bayalpata Hospital is a public-private partnership (PPP) hospital run jointly by the Ministry of Health and Population and Nyaya Health Nepal and is one of the first PPP hospitals enrolled in HIP. We evaluated Bayalpata Hospital costs and HIP guidelines to understand how HIP rates compare to health delivery costs incurred.Methods: We employed a top-down costing methodology to analyze costs for fiscal year 2017-2018. We compared costs to HIP reimbursement rates during the same period, and projected overall coverage for costs assuming full HIP enrollment given the compulsory nature of HIP.Results: Our data suggest HIP, as one payment mechanism in Nepal’s mixed provider payment system, would cover 57% of hospital costs with full enrollment, with variation across services. Among inpatient services, 64% of costs would be covered, including 105% reimbursement for fee-for-service, 87% reimbursement for bundled packages, but only 23% - 40% for certain surgical services. For outpatient services, 59% would be covered, and for emergency services, 32% would be covered. Conclusions: HIP is an important strategic purchasing foundation; however, payments may be insufficient to match provider costs and cover a larger percentage of inpatient-based and fee-for-service delivery than outpatient services. These dynamics may inappropriately incentivize fee-for-service health care utilization, in particular for private-sector providers without access to other public-sector payment mechanisms, while potentially disincentivizing outpatient or community-based approaches to health care, which are less well reimbursed through HIP. HIP policy revisions, and further expansion of mixed provider payment mechanisms, may more effectively incentivize primary health care approaches, while also deepening private-sector engagement. The data and experience of Bayalpata Hospital and HIP offer practical insights for Nepali policymakers and those in similar settings globally employing strategic purchasing to improve progress towards UHC and quality health delivery.
Risk factors for malnutrition in refractory convulsive status epilepticus
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Deng , Zhu Li-na , liu ling
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To study the risk factors and prognosis of malnutrition in patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus. Methods: A total of 73 patients with refractory convulsive epileptic status in West China Hospital from January 2017 to May 2019 were collected. All patients met the 2016 International Anti-epileptic Alliance diagnostic criteria for refractory convulsive status epilepticus. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the risk factors of malnutrition in refractory convulsive status epilepticus. Results: Of the 73 patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus, 33 (45.21%) suffered from malnutrition during hospitalization, and hospitalization days (OR =1.251; 95% CI: 1.067-1.384; P =0.007), nasal feeding (OR =22.623; 95% CI: 1.091-286.899; P =0.013), and malnutrition on admission (OR =30.760; 95% CI: 1.064-89.797; P =0.046) were risk factors for malnutrition in patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a common complication during hospitalization in patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus. Hospitalization days, nasal feeding, and malnutrition at admission are risk factors for malnutrition in patients with refractory convulsive status epilepticus. Further longitudinal studies are needed to identify the relationship between refractory convulsive status epilepticus and adverse outcomes.
Aerosol antibiotic resistance gene dissemination among hospital departments by culture-facilitated comparative metagenomics
Authors: Li Xiang , Wu Ziqi , Dang Chenyuan , Zhang Miao , Zhao Bixi , Cheng Zhanwen , Chen Liming , Zhong Zhenfeng , Ye Yuhui , Xia Yu
Published: January 2020

Background: Genes make microorganisms resistant to antibiotics are overwhelmingly present in environments, and those in the air seem to consistently worsen human health, especially in built-in hospitals. In this study, we sampled two distinct seasonal solid-, liquid- and gaseous-state samples in a large occupied hospital, and mainly aim to study the temporal and spatial micro-ecology and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) distribution patterns within hospital settings using culture-facilitated comparative metagenomics in combinations with other widely applied methods.
Results: Hospital aerosol resistome showed concentration of 0.00042 copies per 16S rRNA gene which was comparable to that of drinking water (0.00024 copies/16S rRNA). Winter aerosols showed higher resistome concentration and exhibited similar distribution patterns among different departments; while evident microbial accumulation and stronger level of inter-species ARG exchange was observed in summer aerosol samples. Network analysis and cultural isolate whole genome sequencing results confirmed some of these exchanges were mediated via plasmids. Additionally, ARGs and microbial community source tracking results illustrated Outpatient hall could serve as a major resistome pollution source all year long.
Conclusions: The state-of-art metagenomics analyses and culture facilitated sequencing with strict cutoff guarantee the result accuracy of resistome pattern observed in built-in hospital environment, and our novel genotype sharing network confirmed the plasmid-mediated transferring mechanism in hospital air for the first time. Overall, this study illustrated valuable and quality hospital aerosol dissemination patterns and our effort will encourage more metagenomics applications in hospital studies.
Prevalence and Economic Impacts of Retained Placenta and Subclinical Mastitis in Tanzanian Dairy Cows
Authors: Komba Erick Vitus , Kashoma Isaac Pastory
Published: January 2020

Background: Three dairy farms were investigated for occurrence of retained placenta and subclinical mastitis, and the economic impacts attributable to the conditions. Reproductive performance data from 1169 calvings of dairy cows for five consecutive years spanning from 2014 to 2018 were used in this study. A total of 167 cows were screened with the California Mastitis Test (CMT), and udder quarters with CMT score of ≥ 3 (scale 1–5) were milk sampled for culture and final bacteriological identification. Results: Overall prevalences of subclinical mastitis and retained fetal membranes were 35.93% and 10.35%, respectively. The prevalence of bacterial isolates at animal level was 38.92%. Individual bacteria prevalence rates were 66.15% for Staphylococcus aureus, 13.85% for Escherichia coli, 6.15% for Bacillus spp., 6.15% for Streptococcus agalactiae and 7.69% for none typed microorganisms. Overall loss from subclinical mastitis was estimated at 10,603,800/= Tanzanian shillings (Tshs) equivalent to USD $ 4,700 with major losses (81.75%) attributable to the production loss followed by treatment expenditure (18.25%). Average loss attributed to mastitis per quarter was estimated at 49,320/= Tshs (USD $21.5). Retained placenta resulted in an increase (P<0.05) in the period from parturition to conception (148.7 vs. 96.0 days), number of services per conception (2.9 vs. 1.9) and calving interval (434.7 vs. 374.0 days). Conclusion: These findings point out to the economic importance of subclinical mastitis and retained fetal membranes in the dairy industry. This calls for improved milking hygiene, proper attention to health of mammary glands, regular screening tests and application of biosecurity measures as intervention strategies to lower the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and minimize the spread of pathogens in dairy farms. Since retained fetal membrane is an important problem causing great economic losses, appropriate control measures have to be instituted including cow comfort, proper immunization and careful nutritional management (mineral supplementation), particularly during the transition period.
Analysis of the primary and post-treatment antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Nanjing area
Authors: zongdan jiang , He Bang-Shun , Zhang Zhen-Yu , Wang Shu-Kui , Ran Dan , WANG Zhi-Bing
Published: January 2020

Background: To investigate the current status and trend of Helicobacter pylori（H. pylori）antibiotics resistance over 5 years in Nanjing area．Then we evaluated the primary and post-treatment antibiotic resistance of H. pylori in Nanjing area. Methods: During the period from July 2017 to December 2019, 1533 gastric mucosal specimens from patients with positive H. pylori confirmed by breath test or rapid urease test were collected for isolation and identify H. pylori. The agar dilution method was used for antibiotic resistance test. The antibiotic resistance of H. pylori were compared with that in the period from May 2014 to May 2015. Results: The result showed that the resistance rates of H. pylori to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, furazolidone, tetracycline and metronidazole were 2.74%, 47.03%, 33.59%, 0.91%, 0.52% and 80.76%, respectively in the period of July 2017 to December 2019. Compared with the period of May 2014 to May 2015, the resistance rate of metronidazole was the most obvious, from 60.5% to 80.76% in the period of July 2017 to December 2019, followed by clarithromycin from 29.5% to 47.03%, and levofloxacin from 14.7% to 33.59%. The resistance rates of H. pylori (primary Vs post-treatment) to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, furazolidone, tetracycline and metronidazole were 1.83% Vs 6.08%, 38.62% Vs 77.81%, 27.41% Vs 56.23%, 0.58% Vs 2.13%, 0.33% Vs 1.22%, 78.57% Vs 88.75%, respectively during the period of July 2017 to December 2019. Conclusions: Antibiotic resistance of H. pylori remained a problem for the effective eradication of this pathogen and its associated diseases in Nanjing area. For post-treatment eradication patients, clinicians should took into account regional antibiotic resistance rate, personal antibiotic exposure history, economic benefit ratio, adverse antibiotic reactions, antibiotic availability and other aspects．
Assessment of anterior chamber configuration changes after phacoemulsification with swept-source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Hu Man , Zheng Qian , Li Zhangliang , Chang Pingjun , Zhao Yun-e
Published: January 2020

Background: To assess the changes of anterior chamber angle in patients with shallow anterior chamber and normal anterior chamber after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (IOL) using anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (AS-SS-OCT).
Methods: This was a prospective case control study; 60 eyes of 60 patients who scheduled for cataract surgery with normal intraocular pressure (IOP). Based on anterior chamber depth (ACD) and gonioscopy findings, the eyes were classified into two groups: shallow anterior chamber group with narrow angle (SAC group, 30 eyes)；and normal anterior chamber group with wide angle (NAC group, 30 eyes). Measurements of ACD, anterior chamber volume (ACV), Iris volume (IV), lens vault (LV) , angle opening distance (AOD), angle recess area (ARA), trabecular iris space area (TISA), and trabecular iris angle (TIA) were conducted in each group before and 3 months after surgery. Differences between the two groups were compared.
Results: There was no significant difference in age, axial length (AL), corneal curvature, corneal diameter, IOP and IV between the SAC group and the NAC group before operation, except for the LV (p = 0.000). All angle parameters including ACD, ACV, AOD, ARA, TISA and TIA in both groups at 3 months post-surgery were significantly different from the preoperative values (p<0.01). In addition, there were significant differences in all angle parameters between two groups before and after operation (All P< 0.05). Besides, the TISA750 in superior quadrant, ACD and ACV were significantly smaller in the group of SAC than those in the group of NAC 3 months after operation (P = 0.041, 0.001 and 0.002, respectively).
Conclusions: Cataract surgery can deepen anterior chamber and increase the width of anterior chamber angle in Chinese subjects, but the ACD and ACV in patients with shallow anterior chamber and narrow angle have not reached the normal level, presumably because the iris root of SAC group inserted more anteriorly than that of NAC group. Phacoemulsification may not completely eliminate the risk of glaucoma in NAC group of people after surgery.
Micropropagation and Genetic Fidelity of in vitro Grown Plantlets of Begonia malabarica Lam.
Authors: Aswathy J M  , Murugan K.
Published: January 2020

Begonias are ornamental indoor plants and also cultivated for landscaping. Begonia malabarica Lam., found naturally in the hilly regions of South India and Sri Lanka called by the tribals as Narayana Sanjeevi, i.e. possess miraculous therapeutic properties. The present study targets in vitro culture, field establishment and evaluation of its genetic uniformity using anatomical, molecular markers followed by callus induction and establishment of cell suspension. Explants such as shoot tip and leaves from in vitro germinated seeds were cultured on Murashige-Skoog medium. Maximum callus induction was obtained in Murashige-Skoog medium with 0.3 mg L–1 2, 4-D + 0.5 mg L–1 BAP, i.e. 90.8 ± 2.8% with 2.5 ± 0.1 g callus growth. In vitro suspension of cells and their growth rate were also analysed. RAPD and ISSR experiments were carried to confirm the genetic fidelity among in vitro and in vivo plants. Twelve RAPD and seven ISSR primers raised 119 amplicons. Genomic DNA amplification showed similarity between the in vivo and the in vitro generated plantlets. The overall results revealed the uniformity of the in vitro raised B. malabarica plantlets in terms of histoanatomical genetical features and substantiated the assumption that in vitro micropropagation is the secure mode for mass propagation of true to type plants without any somaclonal variations.
Doping-dependent competition between superconductivity and polycrystalline charge density waves
Authors: Caprara Sergio , Grilli Marco , Lorenzana José , Leridon Brigitte
Published: January 2020

From systematic analysis of the high pulsed magnetic field resistance
data of La_{2-x}2−xSr_xxCuO_{4}4
thin films, we extract an experimental phase diagram for several doping
values ranging from the very underdoped to the very overdoped regimes.
Our analysis highlights a competition between charge density waves and
superconductivity which is ubiquitous between
x=0.08x=0.08
and x=0.19x=0.19
and produces the previously observed double step transition. When
suppressed by a strong magnetic field, superconductivity is resilient
for two specific doping ranges centered around respectively
x\approx 0.09x≈0.09
and x\approx 0.19x≈0.19
and the characteristic temperature for the onset of the competing charge
density wave phase is found to vanish above
x = 0.19x=0.19.
At x=1/8x=1/8
the two phases are found to coexist exactly at zero magnetic field.
EFFECT OF WELDING POSITION ON THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF MANUAL METAL ARC WELDELD JOINTS VIA ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
Authors: Morais Júnior Rui Rosa de , Guterres Marcelo Xavier , Galio Alexandre Ferreira , Costa Henara Lillian
Published: January 2020

Positional welding is a common challenge in many manufacturing practices and the welding position can affect the mechanical properties of welded joints during manual metal arc welding. This work uses tensile tests to investigate the mechanical properties of welded joints, aiming to test the hypothesis of the influence of welding position on tensile strength, total displacement before rupture and plastic displacement before rupture. This hypothesis was tested for three different coated electrodes (AWS E6010, AWS E6013 and AWS E7018) and three welding positions (1G, 3G and 4G), accounting for nine types of specimens. For each type of specimen, ten repetitions were carried out. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. The welded joints using the welding position 1G presented higher rupture load and larger total displacement before rupture than the other positions.
ANÁLISE DE USO DO SISTEMA ELÉTRICO AUXILIAR DE UM AQUECEDOR SOLAR, LOCALIZADO EM UM INSTITUTO PÚBLICO NO CENTRO-OESTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Oliveira Bruno , Souza Rayra , Fonseca Flávia , Gonçalves Stéfany , Júnior Calebe , Guimarães Frederico
Published: January 2020

A energia elétrica vem sendo, ao longo dos anos, um importante meio para o desenvolvimento tecnológico. Entretanto, devido ao custo e à problemas relacionados ao meio ambiente, a tendência é de que cada vez mais ela seja substituída por fontes renováveis. Um dos meios de substituição dessas energias pode ser feito através da troca de chuveiros elétricos pelos aquecedores solares. O aquecedor solar é proveniente da energia solar térmica, energia essa que vem diretamente da radiação solar transformando-a em calor. Esse processo se dá quando o aparelho, através de placas solares, consegue coletar a energia e, assim, transformá-la em energia térmica. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o sistema elétrico auxiliar de um aquecedor solar instalado na moradia estudantil de uma Instituição Federal, localizada no centro-oeste de Minas Gerais. A pesquisa também tem como finalidade a comparação econômica com aparelhos substitutos. Dessa forma, propõe-se um sistema auxiliar eficiente para os aquecedores solares, a fim de economizar os gastos públicos e/ou residenciais e, também, ao se considerar o atual cenário brasileiro, em que o país vem sofrendo uma grande crise econômica, esse projeto pode auxiliar na redução de custos em diversos setores.
REALOCAÇÃO DE RECURSOS EM UM SISTEMA DE BIBLIOTECAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS: um estudo de caso na Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto
Authors: Papini Marcella Bernardo , Souza Matheus Alves Madeira de , Rodrigues Lásara Fabrícia
Published: January 2020

O crescimento das universidades e o aumento da quantidade de bibliotecas universitárias além da diminuição dos recursos disponíveis faz com que sejam necessários sistemas de medição de desempenho que permitam aos gestores avaliar a qualidade dos serviços prestados aos usuários e a utilização dos recursos. Uma ferramenta de medição de desempenho utilizada na avaliação de desempenho de bibliotecas (universitárias e públicas) é a Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA). O presente estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma abordagem de apoio a tomada de decisão que permita a realocação de recursos entre as bibliotecas componentes do Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas (SISBI) da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) utilizando critérios embasados cientificamente. Para isso, empregou-se os modelos DEA BCC clássico e DEA BCC com ganhos de soma zero (DEA-GSZ BCC) orientados a input. No modelo DEA-GSZ BCC, optou-se pela redistribuição somente do input HOR (que representa a quantidade de horas trabalhada em cada biblioteca por dia), uma vez que não é justificável a redistribuição dos demais inputs relacionados com as coleções e edificações das bibliotecas. Os resultados obtidos indicam melhora no desempenho de bibliotecas ineficientes, além de aumento na eficiência global do sistema de bibliotecas em função do uso mais eficiente dos recursos.
CIRCULAÇÃO COSTEIRA DEVIDO À INTERFERÊNCIA DE ONDAS MONOCROMÁTICAS E BIDIRECIONAIS
Authors: Yokemura Elisa Mitsue , Puhl Eduardo , Neves Cláudio Freitas
Published: January 2020

O encontro de dois sistemas de ondas com diferentes características como frequência e direção de propagação pode causar efeitos na costa como: erosão irregular, correntes de retorno, cúspides, buracos, etc. O artigo aborda a superposição de dois trens de ondas monocromáticas (quando possuem uma mesma frequência) e bidirecionais (quando possuem duas direções de propagação). Nesta investigação, foram realizados experimentos em modelo físico de laboratório, utilizando a bacia de ondas do Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) com gerador de ondas regulares, onde foi construída uma parede vertical refletora, oblíqua em relação à direção principal da onda que era produzida pelo gerador. Uma praia de areia foi colocada na extremidade da bacia oposta ao gerador de ondas, onde as ondas arrebentavam. Observaram-se diferentes modificações nas células de circulação da costa, com elevação e redução do nível médio de água e com a geração de correntes transversais ou longitudinais à praia. Ao final do experimento, essas modificações resultaram na mudança da morfologia da praia, com formação de correntes de retorno e variações de nível na zona de arrebentação.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO CONCEITO DE UM SISTEMA AUTOMATIZADO PARA BENEFICIAMENTO DE PESCADOS
Authors: Moura Cassiano Rodrigues , Anzolin José Marcos , Gomes Geomário , Resner Jean , Fagundes Luan Gabriel
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho utiliza a metodologia de Desenvolvimento de Produto na criação da concepção de um equipamento, voltado à piscicultura, especificamente ao beneficiamento de pescados. O objetivo da pesquisa é mecanizar o processo de beneficiamento de peixes, com foco na aquicultura familiar, apresentando um equipamento que atenda as características deste mercado. A metodologia aplicada caracteriza-se por meio de pesquisa tecnológica, que busca a geração de novos produtos, a mesma inicia-se com a análise do processo de beneficiamento, onde é realizada a avaliação do problema e um levantamento das demandas específicas. Na sequência é aplicado o Projeto Informacional onde são levantadas as informações sobre as necessidades dos piscicultores através de pesquisa de mercado, nesta fase as informações são estruturadas com auxílio da matriz QFD que realiza o alinhamento dos requisitos de qualidade para o produto. Posteriormente é realizado o Projeto Conceitual onde a visão do mercado é transformada em um conceito tecnologicamente atrativo. Nesta etapa é realizada a modelagem funcional do processo, a pesquisa pelos princípios de solução e a seleção de uma alternativa de concepção tecnicamente viável. Finalmente é realizado o Projeto preliminar onde é apresentado o croqui do produto seguido da descrição de seus componentes e uma análise das potenciais falhas através do método FMEA.
Tarihi Dokuda Kentsel Müdahale Biçimi Olarak Kamusal Sanat: Amasya Örneği
Authors: Çalışır Adem Pınar , Şimşek İlhan Bige , Aytaç Deniz Özge , Birer Emel
Published: January 2020

Sanatı, kent yaşamı ile bütünleştirmenin yollarından biri; sanatı,
kentlinin günlük yaşamında kolaylıkla erişebileceği kamusal mekânlara
taşımaktır. Bu yöntemle; hem sanat eseri varlığını ortaya koyarak kentliye ulaşacak
hem de kentli sanat etkinliğinin fiziksel, sosyal ve kültürel yapısından
faydalanma fırsatı bulacaktır. Bu
makale, tarihi kentlerde, kent dokusuna ait artifaktların sanatsal bir ifade
ile yorumlanarak kamusal mekanda nasıl sanat eserlerine dönüştürülebileceğini
ve bu yol ile kentliler için karşılaşma mekanları oluşturularak, kentsel mikro
müdahalelerin kamusal sanat aracılığı ile nasıl gerçekleştirilebileceğini,
“Kentsel Mekana Müdahaleler: Özgün Mahalle Dokusunda Karşılaşma Mekanları”
isimli çalıştayın sonuçları üzerinden tartışmaktadır. Kamusal mekanlar, kamusal
sanatın temsil yeri olurken, aynı zamanda kentlilerin karşılaştığı ve diyaloğa
girdiği, kamusal iletişimin yaşandığı yerlere dönüşme potansiyeli taşır. Bu
anlamda, tarihi kent içindeki kamusal mekanlarda, mikro ölçekli kentsel
müdahalelerin sanat içerikli olması, tarihi mekânın kimliğini korumaya, kent
imajını güçlendirmeye, gündelik hayat ve kentin mevcut problemlerine
sürdürülebilir çözüm önerileri bulmaya yardımcı olabilir.
Yeni Medyada İletişim Aracı veya Ortamı Olarak Ledboardların Kullanımı
Authors: Sarıkavak Anıl
Published: January 2020

“Yeni medya kavramı; cep telefonları, dijital
kameralar, internet uygulamaları, mp3 çalarlar, dokunmatik radyolar, dijital
televizyonlar gibi dijital iletişim araçlarına işaret eder” (Laughey, 2010:
158). Bu mecraların günümüzde kullanılan “Yeni Medya” olgusu LED ekranlardır.
Küresel mecrada LED ekranların kullanımı son yıllarda yaygınlaşmaya
başlamıştır. Böylelikle, artık “eski medya” öğesi olan Bilbordların durağan
grafiksel özelliği hareketli ve etkileşimli bir yapıya çevrilmiştir. Bu
evrim/dönüşüm uzak mesafelerden dahi grafik ürünlere erişimi sağlamıştır. Artık
şirketler, kurumlar veya kişiler çeşitli ajanslar ile irtibat halinde olup
tanıtımlarını en kısa sürede ve daha uygun şartlarda halledebilmektedir. Bu
yazıda, kısaca, billboardların LED ekranlara evrilmesine ve kullanılan dijital
ekranların örneklerine değinilecektir.
Teknik Nesneden Estetik Nesneye: Şakir Gökçebağ
Authors: Baran Derya
Published: January 2020

Birçok akım ve teknikten beslenen Şakir
Gökçebağ üç boyutlu çalışmalarında endüstri ürünü nesne kullanır. Yerleştirmelerinde
nesne-mekân birlikteliği ve mükemmeliyetçi
yaklaşımı hep göz önündedir. Eserlerinde metamorfoz ile dönüşen teknik nesne
ona bakan gözde görsel bir ahenk yaratır. Çoğunlukla kesme işlemiyle nesnenin
biçimine müdahalede bulunur. Böyle bir müdahaleyle tanınırlığını kaybetmeyen
ama işlevi önemli ölçüde değiştirilen nesnenin bir daha önceki bağlamına
dönmesi oldukça zordur.Hazır nesne teknik nesnenin sanatçı
tarafından seçilmiş ve sanat nesnesi olarak atanmış halidir. Yani endüstri
ürünü nesnenin sanatta sahip olduğu statünün adı hazır nesnedir. Dolayısıyla
önceki kimliğine ek olarak sanat alanında ikinci bir kimlik daha kazanan teknik
nesne sanatta transpozisyon ile hazır nesneye dönüşür.

Makalede amaç sanatta malzeme olarak
kullanılan her endüstri ürünü nesnenin bir hazır nesne olmadığı ya da
olamayacağı belirlemeleri üzerinden teknik nesnenin dönüşümünü ele almaktır. Bu
nedenle Şakir Gökçebağ’ın teknik nesne kullanımına bu bağlamda dikkat edilmiş,
sanatçı ile ilgili literatür araştırması yapılarak eserleri incelenmiştir.
Katar'da Kültür, Miras ve Müze Çalışmaları
Authors: Karadeniz Ceren
Published: January 2020

Dünya
2000’lerin ortasından itibaren Arap Körfezi’ndeki “yeni müzeleri” yakından
izlemektedir. 1970'e kadar, Bahreyn, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Kuveyt ve Katar
gibi, eski İngiliz sömürgelerinde müzelerin kültürel bir politika ile
tanınmasını önerecek hiçbir gelişme yaşanmamıştır. 1960'ların sonlarında
bölgede kültürel mirası gururla sergileyecek müzeler için çalışmalar
başlamıştır. Katar’ın ulusal mirasını koruma, Arap kültürünü ve kimliğini
geliştirmeyi amaçlayan Katar Müzeleri, ülkenin bölgedeki gücünü, geleneksel bedevi
yaşam tarzını, Al Thani hanedanının egemenliğiyle birlikte petrol sonrası
modernleşme dönemini ve göçle birlikte gelişen yeni Doha kimliğini
yansıtmaktadır. Bu gelişmelerin sonucu olarak Katar müzeleri, ulusal kimliği
temsil eden nesneleri sınıflandırmakta; teknolojik tasarımlarla sunmakta ve
cazibe merkezleri haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Arap Körfezi’ndeki müzeciliğin
gelişiminden hareketle Katar’daki müzelerin amaç ve işlevlerine genel bir bakış
sunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Katar Ulusal Müzesi, MIA İslam
Sanatları Müzesi ve Mathaf Çağdaş Sanatlar Müzesi’nin uluslararası izleyici
kitlesi için kendine özgü kimlikleri geliştirmek amacıyla kültürel miras nesneleri
üzerinden izledikleri müzecilik yaklaşımı değerlendirilmiştir.
Sanat ve Tasarımda Bir İfade Aracı Olarak Oyuncak
Authors: Soyupak Ozan , Soyupak İlayda
Published: January 2020

Oyuncaklar,
bireyde öznel ve özgün ifadenin gelişimine katkıda bulunurlar ve taşıdıkları bu
değerleri nedeniyle sanat ve tasarımda kendilerine yer bulmuşlardır. Bu
çalışma, günümüz çocuk kavramının ve oyuncağın şekillendiği yirminci yüzyıl
başından bulunduğumuz döneme dek, sanatın ve tasarımın oyuncakla kesiştiği
noktaları çözümlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Oyuncağın sanat ve tasarım ile
ilişkisi; bireyin yaratım sürecinin sonunda ortaya çıkan oyuncaklar ve yaratım
süreçlerinde kaynak olarak kullanılan oyuncaklar olarak iki ayrı bölümde örnek
inceleme yoluyla ele alınmıştır. Oyuncağın bir yaratıcı ifade aracı niteliği
taşıyabildiği görülmüş, dönemi ve yaratıcısı ile arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya
konmuştur.
Yerel Yönetimlerin Kent Belleğine Katkısı: Ödemiş Belediyesi Yıldız Kent Arşivi ve Müzesi
Authors: Koyuncu Okca Ayşegül
Published: January 2020

Dinamik bir kavram niteliğindeki kent
olgusu tarihin hemen her döneminde farklı anlamlara sahip olmuştur. Kent
kavramının tanımlanmasında birçok etken göz önünde bulundurulmaktadır.
İnsanoğlu tarafından zaman içinde yavaş yavaş inşası gerçekleşmiş ve her geçen
gün büyümeye devam eden ve onu diğer kentlerden ayıran, o kente değer katarak
anlamlı kılan kent belleği son zamanlarda oldukça fazla telaffuz edilmeye
başlamıştır. İnsanlığın geçmişten günümüze tüm zamanlarda yaşamın içinde
kullandığı, geliştirdiği, biriktirerek yeniden kullanıma bıraktığı,
zenginleştirerek süreklilik kazanmasını istediği, kendinden sonra gelen nesile
aktarmaya çalıştığı veriler bütünü olarak tanımlanan kültürel mirasın kent
düzeyinde yaşatılması önemli bir problemdir. Son yıllarda dünyanın birçok
köşesinde kentlilik bilincinin oluşması için farklı uygulamalar
gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu uygulamalar arasında kent müzeleri önemli bir yere
sahiptir.

Bu çalışmada Ödemiş Belediyesi Yıldız
Kent Arşivi ve Müzesi örneğinde yerel yönetimlerin kent belleğine katkısı
incelenmiştir. Ödemiş Belediyesi Yıldız Kent Arşivi ve Müzesinin kurulum süreci
ve kentin tarihine, kültürüne, sanatına olan önemli katkıları somut veriler ile
açıklanmıştır. Çalışmanın gerçekleşmesi için yöntem anlayışı kapsamında amaca
ulaşmak için gerekli araçlardan olan literatür taraması, alan araştırması,
gözlem ve söyleşi teknikleri tercih edilmiştir. Ödemiş Belediyesi Yıldız Kent
Arşivi ve Müzesinde sergilenen kültürel miras değerleri tarafımızdan
fotoğraflanarak belgelenmiştir.
Osmanlı Dönemi Mimari Eserlerindeki Celi Sülüs Yazılarda Tetâbuk
Authors: Yapar Ünal Berrin
Published: January 2020

Hat sanatındaki her bir yazı çeşidinin kendine ait
farklı bir anatomik yapısı vardır. Alfabenin birimi olan harfler bu yapının en
önemli unsurudur çünkü harflerin anatomileriyle yazı oluşmaktadır. Her harf
şekil itibariyle ölçü, form, oran ve orantı bakımından farklılık içerse de temelde
morfolojik olarak diğer harflerle benzer yapılara sahiptir. Hat sanatında
farklı harf ve kelimelerin benzer kısımlarının yazıda denk gelmesi ya da denk
getirilerek ortak kullanılmasına tetâbuk denir. Yazıda tetâbuk örnekleri
levhalarda, mezar taşlarında ve mimari eserlerde cami, mescit, imaret, türbe
gibi yapıların üzerinde mermer, taş, çini ve kalemişi uygulamalarında
görülmektedir. Bu makalede Osmanlı Dönemi mimari eserlerinde bulunan
yazılardaki tetâbuk örnekleri tespit edilerek, örneklerle değerlendirilecektir.
Ayrıca tespit edilen tetâbuklu harfler çizilerek tablo haline getirilecek,
bulundukları yapı, yazıların yapıdaki konumu, uygulama şekli ve hattatı
hakkında bilgi verilecektir.
Institutional Capacity and Control of Legitimate Birth Rate in Siberian Regions
Authors: Kapoguzov Evgenii , Chupin Roman , Kharlamova Maria
Published: January 2020

The research featured the decline of legitimate birth rate in the context of the transformation that family institution is currently undergoing. According to the Demography National project of the Russian Federation, the key objective of the national demographic policy is to increase the number of children up to 1.7 per woman. The authors believe that it is impossible to achieve the target indicator without revealing the institutional capacity of the so-called traditional family, which has a lower the level of birth control by abortion and contraception. In order to determine the institutional capacity of the national project, the authors estimated the legitimate birth rate and the level of birth control by the population. The methods involved the Coale-Trussell’s model, which is based on the assumption that controlled birth rate deviates from natural birth rate. The study was based on the data about the number of births in 2017. The data were obtained from twelve Siberian regions and included such information as maternal age and legitimacy. The Coale-Trussell’s model revealed a good institutional capacity that can enhance the demographic function of the family and increase the birth rate.
Free Trade Agreement between the EAEU/Russia and Japan: soes it Make Sense?
Authors: Sherov-Ignatev Vladimir G.
Published: January 2020

Despite rising protectionist trends, the number of free trade agreements (FTAs) continues to grow worldwide. The countries of the Eurasian economic Union (EAEU) also do not remain aloof from these processes. Feasibility studies of signing such agreements with various partner countries are underway in the Eurasian Economic Commission. This article discusses the likely effects of the FTA with Japan. A review of the structure and trends of mutual trade is done. The analysis reveals the statistical and logical relationship between the dynamics of trade in goods between Russia and Japan and oil prices, as well as the impact of such factors as the devaluation of the Russian ruble, the increase in duties on the import of used cars, WTO accession and sanctions. The article assesses the possible quantitative effects of liberalization of trade in goods between the EAEU countries (primarily Russia) and Japan. We use the partial equilibrium model SMART (from the WITS toolkit) and calculations for the budget loss of zeroing of import duties. The structural asymmetry of mutual trade and the likely effects of its liberalization on business and budgets of the participating countries is shown. The probable impact of the FTA on the automotive sector in the Russian Federation are considered separately.
Medium- and Long-Term Trends in the Development of the World Economy
Authors: Spartak Andrey N. , Voronova Tatiana A.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with long-term trends in the world economy and international trade, new challenges for global development, including digitalization and servicification of the economy, trade wars and increasing geopolitical tensions in the world. Also the medium-term prospects of world economic and commodity markets situation are analyzed, as well as specific economic developments in the largest countries and groupings – the USA, EU, China and India. The unprecedented scale of trade and economic confrontation between the United States and China has significantly increased uncertainty in the global market and provoked an explosive growth of trade protectionism, destabilized the foundations of the existing world economic order. Long-term structural shifts in international trade are associated with an increase in the share of services and expanding range of tradable services due to digitization, in the world energy market – with the US becoming one of the largest net exporters of energy and the formation of a highly competitive global gas market due to the explosive growth of LNG exports and the diversification of its suppliers. Almost all future scenarios are dominated by downside risks and strategic uncertainties, which increases the demand for multi-vector policy and diversification in foreign economic activity.
Sensitivity Enhancement of Pre-Capillary Chelation Method for the Separation of Metal Ions: Experimental and DFT Study
Authors: Kanchi Suvardhan , Sabela Myalowenkosi I. , Shahbaaz Mohd , Bisetty Krishna
Published: January 2020

Background:

Heavy metal toxicity has proven to be a major threat and there are several health risks associated with it. The toxic effects of these metals, even though they do not have any biological role, remain present in some or the other form harmful for the human body and its proper functioning. They sometimes act as a pseudo element of the body while at certain times they may even interfere with metabolic processes. Sensitivity enhancement and selective pre-capillary chelation and separation method was developed for the simultaneous determination of metal ions by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with UV light as a detector.

Method:

This method was based on chelation of metal ions such as nickel(II), cobalt(II), lead(II) and zinc(II) with 2.0 mM Ammonium Morpholine-4-Carbodithioate (AMC) at pH 7.2 prior to analysis in 2.0 mM of phosphate buffer.

Results:

Different optimal conditions such as effect of pH, concentration of AMC, applied voltage, nature of the buffer solution and excipient ions were investigated to enhance the sensitivity of the method.

Conclusion:

The developed method separate nickel(II), cobalt(II), lead(II) & zinc(II) in less than 5 min with good reproducibility and recoveries ranging from 93.50 to 100.00 % in agricultural materials. Furthermore, the interaction and Density Functional Theory (DFT) based studies reveal that the metal ions form relatively stable complexes with AMC and follows the experimental trend performed with CZE.
Investigation of Nutritional Contents, Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of Aqueous Extract from Laguncularia racemosa Leaves
Authors: do Nascimento Santos Dayane Kelly Dias , de Melo Cristiane Moutinho Lagos , da Silva Elivânia Maria , de Almeida Vanessa Silva , da Cruz Filho Iranildo José , de Souza Lima Gláucia Manoella , de Araújo Daniel Rodrigo Cavalcante , da Costa Batista Fabiane Rabelo , Vieira Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso
Published: January 2020

Background:

One of the four most incident plant species in mangrove is the Laguncularia racemosa, widely used in popular medicine against inflammation and fever.

Objective:

Here, L. racemosa was investigated in relation to their phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effect.

Methods:

Aqueous extract was obtained from leaves of plant, its phytochemical profile was investigated through UPLC method, the antioxidant assays performed were TAA, DPPH, ABTS, nitrite and lipid peroxidation assay. Antimicrobial assays were made using standard strains. For all biological tests were used mice splenocytes and from these cell cultures were measured cytotoxicity, proliferation index and cytokines production.

Results:

Laguncularia racemosa leaves showed the presence of ions, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and high concentration of phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activities were promoted by aqueous extract, especially in DPPH and NO assays. Extract in 6 μg/mL did not induce significant cell death, stimulated the cell proliferation and the IL-4 production. Moreover, decreases of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 were found.

Conclusion:

The presence of essential nutrients, significant antioxidant activity and immune stimulation confirm the use of this plant in folk medicine against inflammation.