bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF TEA PLANTATION BY WILD MAMMALS IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: Gokula V. , Thangatamil C.
Published: November 2022

Wild mammals that live in the fragmented primary forests in Western Ghats often leave the fragment due to resource shortages and use the nearby tea plantation either to forage or as a corridor to connect other fragments, during which time human-wildlife conflict is inevitable. Hence, understanding the need of wild mammals using the tea plantations is essential to minimize this conflict. We researched the use of tea plantations by wild mammals between October 2011 and January 2012 in Kolacamby, Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India. Walks were made to determine the relative abundance of wild mammals inside the plantation. Scats of sloth bear (Melursus urisnus[i]), tiger ([i]Panthera tigiris), and leopard (Panthera pardus) found inside the plantation were analyzed to determine food habit. In addition, workers were informally interviewed about man-wildlife conflict. All major carnivores of the Western Ghats ecosystem were recorded in the area. Despite the richness of the fauna in the fragments, minimal human-wildlife conflict was reported.
Tall Tales of a Tropical Squirrel
Authors: Meijaard Emily Mae , Dennis Rona Anne , Meijaard Erik
Published: November 2022

The Tufted Ground Squirrel, Rheithrosciurus macrotis is an endemic of the South East Asian island of Borneo. This species is remarkable in several aspects. Phylogenetic research indicates that its nearest living relatives are a group of South American squirrel species. It is unclear how the evolutionary lineage leading to Rheithrosciurus ended up on Borneo without leaving behind any known relatives on either the Asian or North American land masses. The lineage of ancestors of Rheithrosciurus occupying Eurasia is either extinct without known fossil remains or the genus supposedly colonized Borneo in an independent long-distance colonization event. More recent studies indicate that the Rheithrosciurus lineage diverged from a group of Palaearctic species of the genus Sciurus as early as 36 million years ago, and colonized Borneo overland from South East Asia
Tachaea spongillicola (Cymothoida: Corallanidae) from West Bengal, India
Authors: Roy M.K.D. , Mitra S.
Published: November 2022

The isopod Tachaea spongillicola (Corallanidae) was described by Stebbing (1907) from the freshwater sponge Eunapius carteri (formerly Spongilla carteri) at the Indian Museum Tank, Kolkata, India. Since then, this species did not appear in literature for nearly hundred years. In 2003, Mariappan et al. reported this isopod from three locations along the course of the Cauvery River near Tiruchirapalli, India. They found this species to occur on three species of prawns. However, during a recent survey at Burdwan (on 18 December 2012), the first author collected six specimens of this species (Registration Number ZSI C 6007/2) on the prawn Macrobrachium lamarrei from Damodar River at Kathgolaghat near Polempur (~2 km SE of Burdwan Town). The size of the isopod specimens varied between 7.6–8.0mm and 2.6–3.5mm. The specimens were found to fully match with the description of Stebbing (1907). Thus this endemic species is here recorded after 106 years from West Bengal.
A pentastome (Armillifer moniliformis) parasitizing a common rat-snake
Authors: Fernando T.S.P. , Fernando V.A.K.
Published: November 2022

Pentastomes are a group of relatively poorly known parasites that are neglected both in veterinary parasitology text books and curriculum. The pentastomes are currently classified in a separate phylum, Pentastomida, because they exhibit characteristics of both the phylum Arthropoda and Annelid. This group comprises of approximately 100 species of vermiform arthropods that are all obligate parasites of the lower and less often upper respiratory tract of vertebrates. Adult pentastomes are segmented and worm like, measuring 0.5 to 20 cm in length. However they are easily distinguished from any other parasite because they bear 2 pairs of retractile hooks on either side of the mouth. They also have a distinct tongue shaped appearance; hence they are called linguatulids or tongue worms.
Marine Mollusc Diversity along the Southwest Coast of Sri Lanka
Authors: Rubesinghe C.H.T. , Krishnarajah S.R.
Published: November 2022

Molluscan species as well as class-level diversity is highest in the marine environment. The current survey data reveals that Sri Lanka is inhabited by about 240 species of marine molluscs belonging to four of the seven classes representing marine molluscs. The study area, along the southwest coast of Sri Lanka, experiences the southwest monsoon from May to September, which has a significant impact on climate and oceanographic conditions in this region.
First confirmed record of Calodactylodes aureus (Reptilia) from Karnataka, India
Authors: Srinivasulu B. , Srinivasulu C. , Shah T.A. , Devender G. , Kaur H.
Published: November 2022

The Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome, 1870) was known originally from the Tirupati hills in the Seshachalam range and the Velikonda range. It is listed under Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972) as it was considered rare, being found at the time only in the Seshachalam range. Subsequently, researchers have revealed the presence of this species from the Papikonda Hills (Perantalapally) in Khammam District, Maredumilli in East Godavari District, Araku Valley and Ananthagiri Hills in Vishakhapatnam District and Kadapa Hills from Andhra Pradesh, Niyamgiri hill ranges of Rayagada, Kalahandi Districts in Odhisha and Vellore and Balmathi Hill, Tamil Nadu. Furthermore, this species was recently reported from Sathgar Hill, Kailasagiri Hill (Ambur) and Valli Malai in Vellore District, Sayed Basha Malai in Krishnagiri District, Nedumkunam Hill, Melthiruvadathanur (Morambu), Karadi Parai and Sathanur Dam in Tiruvanamalai District and the Gingee Hills in Villupuram District of Tamil Nadu. Reddy et al. (2013) reported the occurrence of this species from Nigidi reserve forest area in the Anantapur District of Andhra Pradesh and this is the westernmost locality record of this species to date.
Hemidactylus treutleri from Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Narayana B.L. , Surender G. , Rao V.V.
Published: November 2022

The genus Hemidactylus is represented by 25 species in India. Hemidactylus treutleri Mahony, 2009 was described from the Golconda Fort, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. Since Mahony in 2009 only one new locality has been reported, at Rishi Valley, Tirupathi foothills, Andhra Pradesh. On 11 December 2012 at 13:43 h we found an individual of Hemidactylus treutleri on a rocky surface at Peddagattu village (16°36'23.86"N, 79°14'14.19"E), Nalgonda District, Andhra Pradesh. This was during the project of “Base line studies on flora and fauna of the Lambapur, proposed for uranium mining” which was funded by Board of Research and Nuclear Sciences (BRNS). The individual was identified using the diagnosed characters stated in Mahony (2009). The location lies in a biodiversity rich zone of the Eastern Ghats and the habitats mostly consist of dry deciduous forest composed largely of herbs together with a few shrubs and rarely trees and thorn forests. The other sympatric Hemidactylus gecko species recorded include H. frenatus, H. brooki, and Hemidactylus leschenaultii. The present record is 130 km away from the type locality of Mahony (2009) and 336 km away from the second record of Sreekar (2010).
On the herpetofauna in Loi Bher Wildlife Park, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Rais M. , Rehman J. , Baloch S. , Ali S.M. , Hussain I.
Published: November 2022

The amphibian and reptilian species are considered excellent indicators of the relative amounts of microhabitats in any ecosystem, and features such as lotic water, permanent & temporary lentic water, rock & litter/debris vegetation, live vegetation, dead vegetation, plant species, and soil are important determinants of herpetofaunal abundance. The study on habitat preferences enables to comprehend ecological role and to predict the effect of habitat change on a species. Such studies are also very crucial for not only sustaining the species in captivity but also for designing their conservation strategies in the natural environment. The available literature lacks any significant work on the abundance of herpetofauna and its association with habitats in various ecological zones of Pakistan. Khan (2006) has provided a general account of all known herpetofauna of Pakistan. Masroor (2011) has given an annotated checklist of herpetofauna of Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad. Tabassum et al. (2011) have estimated population of skittering and bull-frogs in Rawal Lake, Islamabad. Thus far little effort has been expended on establishing a standardized monitoring program for herpetofauna mainly because of paucity of data pertaining to habitat requirements and partitioning.
Ceratophora stoddartii from Kegalle District (Sabaragamuwa Province), Sri Lanka
Authors: Udagedara U.S.C. , Karunarathna K.A.P.M.K.
Published: November 2022

The rhino-horned lizard Ceratophora stoddartii Gray, 1835 is endemic to Sri Lanka and is locally considered as Endangered. It is found in several montane and submontane habitats: Horton Plains, Hakgala, Namunukula Peak, Peak Wilderness, Haputale, Nuwara Eliya, Maratenna, Balangoda, Pattipola, Pidurutalagala, Ohiya, Kandapola, and Galaha. This slow moving lizard has been previously recorded around 1200–2200m asl. During January–August 2012 we observed ten (four adult males, five adult females and a juvenile) individual lizards at the Moratiya Estate (Maligawa Kanda) forest (near Dothalu-oya), Aranayake, (Kegalle District) Sri Lanka (7°07’10”N, 80°26'28” E) at an elevation of ~1000m. This is the first record of this species from Kegalle District. The habitat is geographically isolated from the Hatton plateau of the central highlands by a series of valleys and consists of submontane vegetation. The nearest previously recorded location is Galaha which is 30 km direct distance away in a northeasterly direction. The females at the Moratiya Estate were 78.2–81.1mm SVL (2.8–4.1mm horn length). The males were 72.7–81.2mm SVL (4.8–6.6mm horn length). All the adult individuals were found on the forest floor and the juvenile on a Strobilanthes leaf ~50cm above the ground. The Moratiya Estate forest is threatened by logging, man-made fire and the converting of forest to tea growing.
Morning territorial calls of male oriental magpie robin (Copsychus saularis)
Authors: Koli Vijay Kumar
Published: November 2022

Oriental magpie robin, Copsychus saularis (Linnaeus, 1758) a resident breeder in tropical Southern Asia including India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, east Indonesia, south China and Phillippines, prefers cultivated areas, woodlands and areas close to human settlement. It is mainly insectivore and its activities are influenced by surrounding environment. Rajasthan is the largest state of India and distribution of this species is restricted to south-eastern part of the state. The study was conducted in Sitamata Wildlife Sanctuary (24°04´-24°23´N, 74°25´-74°40´E), located in southern Rajasthan, India, and covers an area about 423 km2.
The highest elevation record of the brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus)
Authors: Thapa S. , Shah K.B. , Chetri M.
Published: November 2022

B.H. Hodgson collected the holotype in 1847, named it Plecotus homochrous, and labelled the animal as a male taken in the ‘central region of sub-Himalayas’ which does not necessarily mean Nepal and, in fact, may have been Darjeeling in India or Sikkim. Fleming collected a specimen (Sanborn 1950), most certainly from Nepal, which Sanborn labelled Plecotus homochrous. This specimen is retained in the collections of the Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Chicago, USA where its identity is listed currently as P. auritus homochrous (Pearch, 2011). Due to ambiguity of Hodgson's record we are treating Fleming's specimen as the first from Nepal. Bates & Harrison (1997) refers to the species as P. auritus. The genus Plecotus includes a number of cryptic forms and further investigation may well prove that even Plecotus auritus is comprised of more than one taxon.
On the nectar feeding by the fulvous fruit bat (Rousettus leschenaulti)
Authors: Edirisinghe W.G.M. , Kusuminda T.G.T.
Published: November 2022

Phytophagous or fruit bats feed primarily on fruits, seeds, and flower buds. Some fruit bats also feed on flower nectar, a habit that affects pollination and plant dispersal. As a consequence of chiropteran nectarivory many commercially important plant species are known to be pollinated. Nectar is an important source of carbohydrates and water for bats. Plant characteristics that influence pollination include time of anthesis; mode of nectar secretion; the colour, odour, morphology, position of flowers; the amount and protein content of pollen; the volume of nectar; and, the concentration of sugar.
A breeding colony of the brown bat (Myotis hasseltii) from Sri Lanka
Authors: Wellappulli-Arachchi S.M. , Edirisinghe W.G.M. , Dissanayake D.S.B. , Mapatuna Y. , Wickramasinghe S.
Published: November 2022

Myotis hasseltii (Temminck, 1840) variously known as the brown bat, Van Hasselt’s bat, Van Hasselt’s mouse-eared bat, or lesser large-footed myotis in the vernacular is a patchily distributed species; aside from Sri Lanka, within the Indian Subcontinent it is found only in West Bengal. The brown bat is thought to be uncommon and is a resident of land below the 1000m contour. It has been reported to roost alone or in small groups in bamboo clumps, cracks in tree bark, and in abandoned buildings. Mangrove swamps are another possible habitat for these bats. M. hasseltii likes living near water and flies low over streams, tanks (reservoirs), and mangrove swamps hunting for gnats, small flies, and mosquitoes. Extralimitally, an individual of this species was found with fish remains in its stomach.
Impacts of Firm Internationalization, Green Procurement and Organizational Performance of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Oyedokun Godwin Emmanuel , Garba Mariam Abiola
Published: December 2022

The procurement system invariably suffers various forms of malpractices and unethical conduct which includes a high incidence of vested interest, contract inflation, delay in suppliers’ payment, and increased procurement cycle. The review explored impacts of firm internationalization, green procurement and organizational performance of University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. Theory considered for this study is the agency theory.  Descriptive and survey design was embraced for the review. The populace in the review contained 158. A stratified sampling technique was used and the strata’s are procurement, stores, payment units (Account), and the different end user’s department. An organized poll was directed. The instrument was approved, and the information assembled was broken down utilizing mean standard deviation, and correlation analysis. Out of the 158 polls directed, 136 were recovered (86% reaction rate). The review discovered that green procurement (mean worth 4.3145), negotiation management (mean worth 4.2581), competitive bidding (mean worth 4.2581) and its correlation co-efficient: (green procurement 0.214, negotiation management 0.737, competitive bidding 0.230) was found to have a positive and significant effect on organizational performance of UCH, Ibadan. The study subsequently inferred that green procurement did not lead to client’s satisfaction. However, green procurement leads to an increase in service quality, product quality, source reduction and waste management. Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that more financial resources should be made available for the acquisition of substitute products and public awareness on the need to conserve the environment through green procurement.
HERBAL MOUTHWASH: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH
Authors: Shahidulla S M , Ghori MD Idris , Saleh Mohammed
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to develop Mouthwash formulations. A mouthwash could also be recommended as an antimicrobial, a topical anti-inflammatory agent a topical analgesic, or for caries prevention. Almost all conventional mouth freshners contain alcohol and fluoride, which are toxic (even lethal) if swallowed in large amounts. This is often not the case with natural herbal mouth rinses. Mouth rinse comes into direct contact with mucous membrane and can be absorbed directly into your bloodstream. Natural Plants such as Clove, Peppermint, Ajwain, Green tea, Neem, Tulsi, and Guava Leaf are used in preparation of herbal mouthwash. Mouthwash freshens bad breath, can help reduce plaque and gingivitis, as well as fight tooth decay and prevent cavities. Mouthwash can really help improve your oral health. It can help to freshen your breath, remove plaque and reduce your risk of cavities and gum disease. For help deciding whether to use mouthwash before or after brushing, talk to your dentist.
EVALUATION OF ANTIASTHMATIC ACTIVITY OF SEED EXTRACTS OF APIUM GRAVEOLENS LINN
Authors: Patidar Vishakha , Jaiswal Manoj
Published: November 2022

anti-asthmatic potential is one of them In view of this, the present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-asthmatic potential of the seeds of Apium graveolens Linn. In this study first, extract was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus with continuous heat extraction method in 95% v/v ethanol. The total yield obtained from extraction was found to be 34% w/w. Then Preliminary Phytochemicals Screening was carried out for by using different types of chemical tests. The result of phytochemical screening shows that ethanolic extract contained flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids. Then Acute Oral Toxicity study for determination of LD50 was done by Dose Fixation method according to OECD guideline (AOT 425). This was performed in Swiss Albino mice. The observation of this study confirmed that, LD50 of the compound was to be greater than 2000mg/kg for the test compound. Any dose below 2000mg/kg could be used as a dose for animals and evaluation of anti-asthmatic activity was carried out at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight by using milk induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia. Total Leukocyte Count and Differential Leukocyte Count were done by Haemocytometry and Field Staining Method respectively. Statistical analysis carried out by Student t-test, one way ANOVA and followed by Dunnett’s test using PRISM Software (Graph Pad PRISM Version 5.03). The ethanolic extract showed significant inhibition against leukocytosis and eosinophilia induced by milk as compared to disease control, among three doses the 100mg dose showed significant * (P < 0.05) effect of EEAG on milk induced Leucocytosis and eosinophilia. Group of mice which were pre-treated with EEAG (200 mg/kg p.o.) demonstrate significant *** (P < 0.05) effect of EEAG on milk induced Eosinophilia.
Formulation and Evaluation of Organo-Transdermal Gel of Drug Ibuprofen
Authors: Sharma Kumkum , Pawar Rajat , Patidar Sunita , Dubey P.K
Published: November 2022

The current research project is centered on the development and assessment of an Ibuprofen topical gel made with Guar gum as the polymer and Carbopol 940 as a penetration enhancer. [ Gels were made by dispersing the polymers in a solution of guar gum and isopropyl myristate, along with Carbopol 940, glycerol as aqueous agents, and potassium sorbate as preservative, and different concentrations of ibuprofen, all while maintaining magnetic stirring. Triethanolamine was then added to the dispersion to neutralize it and make it viscous. Ibuprofen - Guar gum gels were discovered to be homogeneous and to have adequate drug loading. All of the gel compositions' pH values fell within the range of neutral pH, which is suitable for skin. And it was discovered that the compositions' viscosity was suitable for topical use the drug content of the nine formulations was found in the range of 80% to 90% which shows efficient drug loading. The compatibility study showed that the major peaks in FTIR spectra of the pure drug were found to be intact in their physical mixture. Hence there is no interaction between the drug and Carbopol, drug and Guar Gum in their physical mixture. Guar gum can be effectively used as a polymer with Carbopol 940.
Formulation and Evaluation of Multiple Emulsion of Repaglinide
Authors: Gorana Karishma , Pawar Rajat , Patidar Sunita
Published: November 2022

Repaglinide (Prandin) is an oral insulin secretagogue of the meglitinide class (Antidiabetic) of BCS Class ІІ has low bioavailability. It is used to treat type 2 diabetes (condition in which the body does not use insulin normally and, therefore, cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood). The Multiple Emulsion is the complex polydispersed system in which an emulsion is incorporated in another emulsion therefore they are also known as “Emulsion of Emulsion”. The aim was to prepare a stable Multiple Emulsion of Repaglinide by incorporating various hydophilic and lipophilic surfactants at different concentrations. The characterization of drug sample was done using spectrophotometric analysis and melting point determination. All the observations and recorded data were identical to the values reported in literature. Calibration curves of Repaglinide in 0.1N HCl and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) were prepared using a double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu 1800)The different formulations of multiple emulsion were evaluated on the basis of their drug entrapment efficiency and stability. The multiple emulsion was stable and had good entrapment efficiency. There were no drug-excipients interactions. From the result and conclusion of the research work we can summarize that the multiple emulsions can be optimized for good stability and higher entrapment efficiency by optimizing different formulation variables like type and proportion of primary and secondary emulsifier incorporated in Primary Emulsion and Multiple Emulsion.
Covid 19 Pandemisinde Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinde Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Özgüvenlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARATUT Adem , ŞENTÜRK Halil Evren
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırma, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde derslerini uzaktan yürüten beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgilerinin incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmaya 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Kocaeli’de görevli 81 kadın ve 173 erkek öğretmen olmak üzere toplam 254 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmeni katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Graham, Burgoyne, Cantrell, Smith ve Harris (2009) tarafından geliştirilen Timur ve Taşar (2011) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan "Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Öz Güven Ölçeği" ve araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 25 paket program kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi özgüvenlerinin cinsiyete, uzaktan eğitim altyapısına, bilgisayar eğitimi durumlarına, kişisel bilgisayar sahibi olma ve öğretmenlerin eğitim durumlarına göre ölçek alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi öz güvenlerinin genel anlamda yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
IMPERMEABILIZAÇÃO DE RESERVATÓRIOS DE ÁGUA POTÁVEL COM POLIURETANO
Authors: Gaion Faustino dos Santos Robson , De Marco Gerson , Florian Fabiana
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um estudo sobre a importância da impermeabilização de reservatórios de agua potável para o consumo humano, contendo informações sobre as normas da ABNT 12.170 e das diretrizes da portaria do ministério da saúde nº 2914/2011, quais as características de materiais utilizados para a correta impermeabilidade como, a membrana de poliuretano, os parâmetros de resistências e a flexibilidade à baixa temperatura. Foi  realizada a pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases Scielo e Google afim de revisar estudos sobre as características dos materiais mais utilizados para tal finalidade. Esta pesquisa se justifica devido à relevância tanto para a sociedade como para os profissionais do setor da construção civil, afim de informar e trazer conhecimentos de materiais, técnicas e processos para o desenvolvimento da aplicação de produtos específicos para a qualidade dos serviços executados e melhoraria na questão da água potável ofertada para a população, com a utilização deste sistema impermeabilizante em reservatórios de água potável, apresenta exemplos práticos e efetivos que obtiveram ótimos resultados.
Potencial antimicrobiano de los enjuagues bucales para niños
Authors: Ferreira Barros Elis Fernanda , Gabriela Leódido  , Viera Belem Fernanda , Luna Chagas Clementino  , Paulo Antônio Martins-Júnior  , Benini Paschoal Marco Aurélio
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Poco se sabe del potencial antimicrobiano de los enjuagues bucales sobre la bacteria Streptococcus mutans. El objetivo de este estudio in vitro fue investigar los efectos antimicrobianos de los enjuagues bucales para niños contra esas bacterias. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizó la cepa de S. mutans para realizar zonas de inhibición mediante prueba de difusión en agar. Las placas de agar Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) se dividieron en cuadrantes: G1 - cloruro de cetilpiridinio (Cepacol Teen®); G2 - xilitol y triclosán (Dentalclean Garfield®); G3: Malva sylvestris, xilitol (Malvatrikids Jr®) y G4: solución de tampón fosfato salino (PBS). Después del ajuste de las bacterias, se sembró una alícuota de cada grupo en el agar BHI y se transfirió a una atmósfera a 37ºC durante 48 horas para realizar las mediciones de las zonas de inhibición. Los datos se analizaron mediante ANOVA de un factor para la comparación entre grupos (α = 0,05). Resultados: Se verificaron zonas de inhibición solo para G1 (10,82 ± 2,13) ​​y G3 (12,75 ± 1,04). No se verificó diferencia estadística significativa entre G1 y G3 (p = 0,287) y G2 y G4 (p ≥ 0,05). Conclusión: A pesar de los efectos beneficiosos de los enjuagues bucales, una combinación de xilitol y triclosán no fue eficaz para controlar el crecimiento de S. mutans en esta condición in vitro. Se deben implementar restricciones adicionales para regular la venta de sustancias antimicrobianas y proporcionar aclaraciones adicionales a la población.
Root fracture in the permanent maxillary central incisors: a case report of 10 years follow-up
Authors: Gomes Thais Cougo , Padovese Mariela , Pessan Juliano Pelim , Cunha Robson Frederico
Published: November 2022

The objective of this case report is to present a 9-year-old female patient who suffered horizontal root fracture in the middle third of the two upper central permanent incisors. The teeth were splinted with composite resin in the proximal teeth involved in the trauma. After, the patient was referred to the pediatric dentistry clinic, where she received clinical and radiographic care for a period of ten years. Endodontic intervention was not necessary on both central incisors teeth. Tooth 11 healing by interposition of bone and connective tissue, and teeth 21 healing by interposition of connective tissue. After ten years, the teeth presented without any significant signs or symptoms requiring an invasive intervention. It is concluded that the patient's cooperation regarding care, oral hygiene and attendance at the return appointments, can be decisive for the success of the treatment.
French diplomats and the military on Soviet Russia and the balance of power in Central-Eastern Europe in 1922
Authors: Magadeev I. E.
Published: November 2022

The consolidation of the Soviet state in 1922 and the activities of Soviet diplomacy in the key international forums had a direct impact on the strategic situation in Europe. The eventual strengthening of Soviet Russia/the USSR was both a threat and an opportunity for France as one of the leading European powers of that period, which had obligations and interests in Central and Eastern Europe. The author aims to identify the main approaches of French diplomats and the military to a set of issues related to the possible development of Soviet Russia in 1922 and its place in the European balance of power. The study is based on a wide range of primary sources from the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, the National Archives of France, the Historical Service of the Ministry of the Armed Forces of the Fifth Republic, as well as on recently published French diplomatic and military documents. The author concludes that the French elites had a rather ambiguous attitude towards the process and the first results of political consolidation and socio-economic development of the Soviet state. On the one hand, the formation of the USSR was an obvious manifestation of the growing Soviet power that somewhat diminished the hopes of French officials for the imminent fall of the Bolsheviks. At the same time, diplomats and the military both in Paris and on-site were often skeptical about the prospects for the development of the Soviet economy, noting the catastrophic consequences of hunger, economic and financial ruin. Moderate optimism about the opportunity to intensify trade and economic contacts with Soviet Russia as its economy recovers coexisted with pronounced pessimism. The French assessments of the military potential of the Soviet state were marked by the same ambivalence. The acknowledgement of the current limited capabilities of the Red Army and the Red Fleet was accompanied by the growing recognition that the basis of the military power of the Soviet state had not been undermined. All this could help Moscow improve its international stance in the future, which would inevitably affect the balance of power in Europe. Under these circumstances, the French elites debated the prospects for the ‘normalization’ of the Bolshevik regime and its incorporation into the Versailles order. The author argues that all these contradictory attitudes, views and assessments that surfaced in 1922 to a large extent predetermined the overall direction and specific content of the French policy towards the USSR in the following years.
The US liberal political and academic establishment on national-territorial transformation of Russia in 1917–1922
Authors: Romanov V. V.
Published: November 2022

The paper examines the evolution of approaches and assessments of the US political and academic establishment regarding the national-territorial transformation of Russia at the final stage of the First World War, during the Revolution and the Civil War. During that period the US diplomacy was focused on developing and implementing its own ambitious program for the liberal-democratic reorganization of the post-war world with particular focus on issues of national self-determination. As a result, Wilson’s administration could not remain indifferent to the dramatic changes on the territory of the former Russian Empire. However, as the author notes, for European politicians its responses appeared rather unusual and often puzzling. The latter was due to a very specific interpretation of the principle of national self-determination adopted by W. Wilson and his associates as the right of the civil society to self-government rather than the right to ethnic separation. At the same time, the right to independently determine their own destiny was reserved, in a spirit of social-Darwinism, only for peoples who had reached a certain maturity. And moreover, each particular case was additionally assessed in terms of both political rationality and developments of political situation in Russia in general. For instance, the US liberal political and academic establishment consistently supported the independence of Poland and Finland while most other national minorities (the peoples of the Baltic region, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Armenians, Georgians, Azerbaijanis, the peoples of Central Asia, etc.) were usually encouraged to defend their autonomy within a united and democratic Russia. The author notes, that the US policy towards Russia became particularly controversial after the Bolsheviks came to power: the consistent rejection of the Bolshevik reforms was accompanied by the reluctance to incite separatism on the national outskirts out of fear of Russia’s uncontrolled disintegration and its subsequent transformation into a site of endless ethnic conflicts. As a result, the United States did not recognize most of the national entities that declared their independence in 1917–1922. At the same time, the author concludes that the growing ideological and political confrontation with Soviet Russia in the following years did not allow the US leaders to adequately assess the national-territorial transformations that were brought about by the creation of the USSR.
The Republics of the Southern Caucasus on their way to the ‘Socialist federation’ (1917–1922)
Authors: Gatagova L. S.
Published: November 2022

As we approach the 100th anniversary of the formation of the USSR, political, military, social, ethnic and other determinants of consolidation of the peoples and territories of the former Russian Empire within the Bolshevik state attract an increasing interest of academic community. In particular, special attention is drawn to the complex and controversial process of integration of the South Caucasus with Soviet Russia. Soviet historiography advanced an official view on the role of the Transcaucasian republics in the formation of the USSR, which came down to a number of ideological clichés that provided an impoverished and partly distorted image of this complex phenomenon. On the basis of a wide range of Soviet, Russian, and foreign researches, as well as recently published primary sources, the author examines the landmark events in the history of the states of the South Caucasus in the period preceding the formation of the USSR. The author highlights both similarities and differences in the views of Soviet and modern historians on the related issues, including the realization of the right to self-determination of the peoples of the South Caucasus in the first years after the October Revolution and the complex impact of international political situation on the regional developments. The author notes that the struggle for spheres of influence between world powers also affected all the Transcaucasian republics, although with different results. The author pays special attention to the process of Sovietization: in the Soviet historiography it was portrayed as a triumphal march of Soviet rule, but, as recent researches has shown, the Bolsheviks actually did not have a clear and consistent plan for the Sovietization of the Transcaucasian republics and the process was accompanied by dramatic events and conflicts. The assessments of the subsequent formation of the Transcaucasian Federation also differ significantly. The Soviet interpretation of this project emphasized its importance for eliminating the consequences of the Civil War and resolving inter-ethnic conflicts. Contemporary historians point to the fact that the unification process was imposed artificially, and even forcefully, according to some assessments, by Moscow, and its unifying effect was rather mixed. In this context, the author emphasizes the need for an impartial and balanced research approach towards the processes that took place in the Transcaucasian republics in the first post-revolutionary years in order to gain a better understanding of their role in the creation of the USSR.
Peace negotiations between Russia and Latvia in 1920: Premises, key issues, and outcomes
Authors: Mikhailova Yu. L.
Published: November 2022

The conclusion of the Peace Treaty between Latvia and the RSFSR on August 11, 1920 marked an important stage both in the process of international recognition of Latvia and in the normalization of international relations in the region in general, and charted a new course of the foreign policy of the Soviet state. On the basis of a wide range of archival sources (transcripts of the plenary meetings of the RSFSR and Latvia delegations, the meetings minutes of the Soviet-Latvian boundary commission, etc.), as well as recent Russian and foreign historical researches, the paper examines a set of issues related to the conclusion of the Treaty. The key issues that predetermined the agenda of the Soviet-Latvian peace negotiations included border demarcation, the exchange of war prisoners, the return of property evacuated to Russia, the return of refugees and the establishment of procedures for citizenship option. The author notes that the issue of border delimitation and demarcation was one of the most controversial and painful during the negotiations. The ethnographic principle for future borders was inextricably linked with economic and military-strategic considerations. The author examines territorial concessions made by the RSFSR to Latvia and concludes that they served as a demonstration of the Soviet Russia readiness to take into account the territorial claims of the Baltic republics, which allowed it to achieve peace in the region and fix new borders, as well as to establish trade relations indispensable for the survival of a young Soviet state during the Civil War. At the same time, the Soviet representatives took a hard line on compensations for the damage caused during hostilities and the return of property evacuated from Latvia. The author concludes that the Soviet-Latvian treaty and similar treaties with other Baltic states not only enabled the establishment of a new balance of power in the East Baltic region for the interwar period and laid the foundation for the Soviet foreign policy towards the Baltic republics, but also served as a vivid example of realization of ‘the right of self-determination of peoples up to secession’. Finally, these treaties became one of the means to break the diplomatic isolation of Soviet Russia.
1922 — the best year of the Comintern. Soviet Russia, German communists and the Genoa conference
Authors: Vatlin A. Yu.
Published: November 2022

The signing of the Declaration on the formation of the Soviet Union on December 30, 1922 marked a new stage in the history of international relations, and, at the same time, took stock of intense domestic and international political struggle unfolding in the previous years. The developments within the Communist International were of particular importance for both the outcomes of this struggle and the future of international labor movement. The author stresses that for the Comintern the year of 1922 was dominated by a struggle between the two opposing ideological and political trends: the inertia of the ‘storm and onslaught’ enthusiasm of the first post-revolutionary years and the rise of the ideas of peaceful coexistence. In this context, the paper assesses the role that the Bolshevik leaders envisaged for the Comintern during the preparation and conduct of the Genoa Conference and, particularly, for the policy of the united workers front. The author shows that the very idea of cooperation with socialists and social democrats received an extremely ambiguous reaction from representatives of Western communist parties. In this regard, the position of the German Communist Party (KPD) was of particular importance to the Bolshevik leaders. Indeed, the case of KPD was emblematic of those tendencies and contradictions that marked the development of the international communist movement in the period under review. The KPD leaders welcomed the Comintern’s turn towards a united workers front. However, the author notes that this support was based on a highly unstable compromise between multiple contradicting domestic and foreign policy imperatives, including opposition from the left-wing radicals within the party and continuous conflict with the government of the Weimar Republic, exacerbated by ideological and financial dependence on Moscow. As a result, the KPD’s actions were very often ad hoc and inconsistent, reflecting general issues typical to the international labor movement of that period. That became clear during the Fourth Congress of the Comintern, which took place at the end of 1922. It failed to outline a clear strategy for interaction between the Russian Bolsheviks and foreign communists. At the same time, the outcomes of the Fourth Congress were crucial for further evolution of the ideology and practical activities of the Comintern. The policy of the united workers front got a broader definition as the Communist International started to recognize the threat posed by fascism.
Soviet and British diplomacy at international conferences on the eve of the formation of the USSR
Authors: Sergeev E. Yu.
Published: November 2022

The paper examines the formation of the Soviet state and its place within the European international relations system in the first half of the 1920s both in the context of new principles of interstate and economic interactions and geopolitical transformations triggered by the First World War. In the case of Soviet Russia, the latter implied the need to break international isolation and economic blockade which pushed Soviet leaders to intensify efforts to restore economic and political ties with the Western states after the Civil War and intervention. The paper focuses on the peripeteias of interaction between the Soviet and British diplomacy at the key international summits of 1922 — the Genoa, the Hague, and the Lausanne conferences. Drawing on a wide range of primary sources from the Russian and British archives, as well as the memoirs of the participants, their official and personal correspondence, the author examines the achievements and miscalculations of Moscow and London in attempts to stabilize the Versailles-Washington world order on the eve and during these conferences. The author emphasizes that the Kremlin managed to pave the way for the diplomatic recognition of the Bolshevik regime by the leading powers and to take part in the discussion on Black Sea straits regime, while Whitehall managed to strengthen imperial positions both in Europe and in the Middle East, although the prospects of rapprochement between Moscow and Berlin and Ankara remained a major concern for the Foreign Office. However, these conferences failed to address the issue of Russian debts and it continued to be an obstacle to the normalization of bilateral relations. The author highlights a number of other significant factors that affected the outcomes of the conferences: the lack of a coordinated foreign policy approaches both among the Bolsheviks and within the British government, the persistence of stereotypes about the Bolsheviks, as well as an emerging trend towards rapprochement between the vanquished and the revisionist states which was particularly dangerous for the Versailles-Washington order. As for the outcomes of the diplomatic rivalry between Moscow and London, the author concludes that these conferences provided the parties with an invaluable opportunity to discuss the key issues of bilateral relations and European big politics and can rightfully be considered an important step in the development of the post-war international relations from confrontation to constructive interaction.
AS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES: O USO DE HQS NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Meneses Adriana Santos de Jesus , Cruz Marisete Augusta da , Linhares Ronaldo Nunes
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisa o uso, por professores do ensino fundamental, de Histórias em Quadrinhos - HQ em sala de aula. Estes professores participaram da oficina ofertada pelo Centro de Formação e Aperfeiçoamento de Educação - CEAFE do município de Aracaju para o uso do editor de HQ online, Toondoo. A referida oficina teve como objetivo mostrar o uso de HQ como estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem e incentivar o uso de TDIC no processo de ensinar e aprender. Esta pesquisa é qualitativa com abordagem em estudo de caso. Na análise da oficina ficou constatado que não houve dificuldades com o Toondoo, pois os professores conseguiram compreender as ferramentas e utilizá-las para criar as HQs. Os professores mostraram-se encantados com o software e com a proposta de usar HQs nas suas diferentes áreas de atuação. Foram identificadas e destacadas as dificuldades tecnológicas de uso do editor online de Histórias em Quadrinhos na sua prática devido à falta dos equipamentos necessários, computador e internet na escola. Constataram as possibilidades de realizar uma prática pedagógica significativa com esse gênero textual.
UMA ANÁLISE DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO SETOR EXTERNO NOS PAÍSES DO MERCOSUL ATRAVÉS DE INDICADORES DE COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Braun Mirian Beatriz , Cardoso Rubiane Daniele , Freitas Vian Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2022

O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar, inferir e comparar o desempenho externo das  economias que compõem o Mercosul, avaliando os impactos  sobre o avanço do processo de integração regional e comercial. Para isso foi calculado o Índice de desenvolvimento do setor externo. Como resultados, observando os quatro países, são evidentes as disparidades que existem no bloco. No entanto, observa-se uma evolução comum, no sentido de aumento da importância do comércio para as quatro economias, principalmente após o processo de abertura vivido pelo continente, além do avanço da integração no contexto do Mercosul, a partir da década de 1990. Inclusive, segundo boa parte de literatura consultada, o desempenho do setor externo desses países, na ausência do MERCOSUL seria pior. Os dados analisados demonstram que, no geral, estas economias estão a caminho da inserção no mercado mundial, bem como reagindo de forma cada vez mais parecida ao contexto internacional que se apresenta.
LOCALIZAÇÃO E REESTRUTURAÇÃO DA BASE DE EXPORTAÇÃO DAS REGIÕES IMEDIATAS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ-BRASIL ENTRE 2010 E 2020/LOCATION AND RESTRUCTURING OF THE EXPORT BASE IN THE PARANÁ STATE-BRAZIL IMMEDIATE REGIONS FROM 2010 TO 2020
Authors: Alves Lucir Reinaldo
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo analisa a localização e reestruturação da base de exportação das regiões imediatas do estado do Paraná, verificando quais são mais diversificadas em setores considerados de exportação entre 2010 e 2020. Utilizam-se medidas de localização e especialização (Quociente Locacional, Coeficiente de Localização, Coeficiente de Redistribuição, Coeficiente de Especialização e Coeficiente de Reestruturação) para verificar a base de exportação de cada RGI, bem como, os perfis de localização setorial e de especialização regional. Os resultados ressaltaram o perfil produtivo de base urbano-industrial do Paraná. Verificou-se que as RGI mais diversificadas foram aquelas nas quais se localizavam os principais polos econômicos regionais e que as RGI de Cianorte, Ivaiporã, Paranacity – Colorado, e de Telêmaco Borba foram as menos multiespecializadas. A agropecuária, a indústria de alimentos e o comércio varejista são mais dispersos espacialmente, enquanto a indústrias de calçados e os serviços mais específicos são mais concentrados.
Evolução dos custos de produção de tilápias (Oreochromis niloticus) em propriedades da região Oeste do Estado do Paraná (2000-2003)
Authors: Braun Nestor J. , Mahl Ilson , Andrade Rafael L. B. de , Wagner Ricardo L. , Souza Bruno E. de , Bordignon Adriana C. , Martins Ricardo S.
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os custos de produção da piscicultura praticada na região oeste do Paraná. Os custos são apurados mensalmente pela equipe do GEPEC/Piscicultura. Em linhas gerais, os custos referem-se a exploração comercial de uma área de 24.000 m2 , em 8 tanques, o que proporciona a produção de 14,4 t de tilápia (Oreochromis niloticus) por ciclo de produção, com o peso unitário médio de 0,4 kg. Para o custo total de implantação, a taxa de crescimento foi de 0,63% a.m. e para os custos de terraplanagem, 0,84% a.m., sendo que o último representa em torno de 70% dos investimentos iniciais. Os custos fixos apresentaram uma taxa de crescimento de 0,022% a.m., com destaque para os alevinos –1,09% a.m., o custo variável representou cerca de 50 a 55% do custo total de produção e uma taxa de crescimento de 0,99% a.m. o que exige a necessidade de se verificar alternativas para diminuir esses custos, que são bastante sensíveis às variações nos preços das matérias-primas. Ficou evidenciada a necessidade do estabelecimento de um agente responsável pela governança da cadeia, para garantir sua sobrevivência.