bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metodología para la interpretación constitucional desde el modelo de la justicia electoral mexicana
Authors: Narváez Hernández José Ramón , Cadena Alcalá Jesús
Published: March 2024

The article aims to analyze in perspective how constitutional interpretation influences electoral justice and the protection of fundamental rights of a political-electoral nature. A methodology is proposed for the correct and efficient use of constitutional and conventional interpretation by jurisdictional operators, with special emphasis on the analysis of the obstacles or technical barriers they face when carrying out constitutional-conventional regularity examinations. The conclusion was obtained that in electoral judicial practice there are many problems when maximizing or optimizing rights, so constitutional interpretation must be based on a consistent and credible examination of judicial argumentation and hermeneutics to enhance political-electoral rights and democratic principles in the framework of the democratic rule of law.
Hizmet Sektöründe Etik Liderlik Algısının Politik Davranışa Etkisinde Örgüt Temelli Öz Saygının Aracılık Rolü
Authors: ERBİR Mustafa
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırma hizmet sektöründe çalışan bireylerin etik liderlik algısının politik davranışa etkisinde örgüt temelli özsaygının aracılık rolünü belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya Kayseri ilinde, hizmet sektöründe çalışan 352 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemi seçiminde basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve bireylerin beyanı esas alınmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma tekniklerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veriler anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS 22 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Gerekli varsayımlar sağlandığı için verilerin analizi esnasında “doğrusal korelasyon analizi” ve “basit doğrusal regresyon analizi” yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre etik liderlik algısının politik davranışa negatif yönde bir etkisinin olduğu ve örgüt temelli özsaygının bu etkiye tam aracılık etkisinin bulunduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca politik davranışın hem etik liderlik algısı hem de örgüt temelli özsaygı ile arasında negatif ilişkiler bulunmuştur.
Mobil Uygulama Pazarında Fiyat Belirleme Aracı Olarak Veri Zarflama Analizi
Authors: KISA TOĞRUL Ergül
Published: March 2024

Hızla büyüyen ve rekabetin oldukça yüksek olduğu mobil uygulama pazarında uygulamanın hangi fiyatla piyasaya sunulacağı oldukça kritik bir karardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı üç yönlüdür. Mobil uygulamaların göreli etkinliklerinin ölçülmesi, en etkin birimlerin tespit edilmesi ve Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) yönteminin etkin/rekabetçi fiyat belirleme amacıyla da kullanılabileceğinin gösterilmesidir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda, dünya çapında en popüler mobil uygulama kategorilerinden 8 kategoride Google Play Store’daki ilk 20 ücretli mobil uygulamanın VZA ile göreli etkinlikleri hesaplanmış, süper-etkinlik VZA ile her bir kategoride en etkin birimler belirlenmiş ve etkin olmayan birimlerin etkin olabilmeleri için ulaşmaları gereken hedef girdi değerleri saptanmıştır. VZA modeli sonucunda kategorilerin genelinde 57 uygulamanın etkin olduğu bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Süper-etkinlik VZA sonuçlarına göre ise tüm kategorilerde sıralamanın en başında yer alan 18 adet uygulama bulunmaktadır.
Ways to Improve Uptake of Tier 2 Weight Management Programmes in BAME Communities in Medway
Authors: Teke Jennifer A. , Mbabazi Johnson , Giles Emma , Elliot Scott , Ells Louisa , Nnyanzi Lawrence Achilles
Published: March 2024

Overweight and obesity is usually determined by Body Mass Index (BMI). Twelve BAME adults participated in the interviews: six were female, ten were first-generation migrants, three were retirees, none lived with a disability, and all were concerned about their excess weight. There were four themes from the data and eight subthemes obtained. To improve the uptake of the weight management service provided in Medway, the participants recommended the use of strategies such as indigenous food labelling, BAME-led clinics, the use of translated leaflets, the recruitment of local weight management champions, better coordination of services, appropriate communication strategies, and further research. This study investigated a small sample of English-speaking participants, which may not represent all people from BAME backgrounds in Medway and across the United Kingdom (UK). This study investigated the perspectives of residents who are overweight or obese, as well as weight management concerns among ethnically diverse adults. It also investigated how to increase the use of weight management services in Medway, England. In Medway, 69.2% of adults are living with overweight or obesity, which is considerably higher than the national average of 62%. Indigenous food labelling, BAME-led clinics, the use of translated leaflets, the recruitment of local weight management champions, better coordination of services, appropriate communication strategies, and further research are essential ingredients that can be used to improve access to and uptake of weight management programmes in BAME communities.
Coordinate and Subordinate Compounds in Chinese Morphology: A Cognitive Approach
Authors: Lei Ba
Published: March 2024

Chinese compounds, particularly those categorized as subordinate and coordinate, hold considerable importance in Chinese morphology. The intricacies of these compound structures often pose challenges, even for native speakers, as their identification relies on an understanding of ancient Chinese semantics. This research endeavor aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of abstract morphemes within these two types of Chinese compounds, with a particular focus on their semantic aspects. The cognitive approach proves to be highly effective in examining the internal structure of these compounds, as well as the diverse combinations of morphemes. Furthermore, this study offers valuable teaching implications pertaining to the morphological processes involved in Chinese characters.
Manual de implementación del impuesto mínimo: segundo pilar: marco inclusivo sobre BEPS
Authors:   Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico,   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: March 2024

Una parte fundamental del Proyecto BEPS OCDE/G20 es abordar los desafíos fiscales que surgen de la digitalización y globalización de la economía. El Impuesto Mínimo Mundial, junto con la Regla de Sujeto a Impuestos, constituye el segundo pilar de la Solución de Dos Pilares desarrollada para abordar dichos desafíos. El impuesto mínimo garantizará que las grandes empresas multinacionales paguen un nivel mínimo de impuesto sobre los ingresos generados en cada una de las jurisdicciones donde operan. El impuesto mínimo se basa en un conjunto acordado de Reglas Modelo, que están diseñadas para ser implementadas en la legislación nacional como parte de un enfoque común. Este Manual de implementación sobre el Impuesto Mínimo Mundial proporciona una descripción general de las disposiciones más importantes y las consideraciones que deben tener en cuenta los funcionarios de ministerios de finanzas y administraciones tributarias, y otras personas interesadas, al evaluar sus opciones de implementación. El Manual de Implementación fue preparado bajo la Presidencia India del G20 y no pretende modificar la aplicación o interpretación de ningún aspecto de las Reglas Modelo, el Comentario o la Guía Administrativa Acordada.
Prawne i ekonomiczno-finansowe determinanty realizacji zadań publicznych przez samorząd terytorialny w Polsce
Authors: Gorzałczyńska-Koczkodaj Małgorzata , Nizioł Krystyna , Ociepa-Kicińska Elżbieta
Published: March 2024

The decentralization of local government and the introduction in Poland of its three-tier division has been linked to the assignment to municipalities, counties and provinces of the implementation of certain public tasks, performed as own or commissioned tasks. The literature of economic and legal sciences has been dealing with this issue for many years. The present monograph, which focuses on the economic and legal challenges faced by local government units in Poland during the implementation of public tasks, is also part of this research trend. The research intention undertaken by the authors was to analyze the main problems (socio-economic, financial, legal) that local government units currently face when carrying out public tasks. The study also takes into account the implications for local government units in this regard, related to emergency and unforeseen situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent economic crisis, or the war in Ukraine.
The Process of Learning Through a Problem-Based Model Helps to Address and Correct Historical Misconceptions
Authors: Imbar Meike , Winoto Darmawan Edi
Published: March 2024

The primary source of misunderstandings arises from learning conditions that disregard students' initial beliefs and varying ideas. This study addressed misconceptions by implementing a problem-based learning model that encourages active student involvement. The courses were carefully designed to offer a more focused approach, allowing students to understand historical concepts better. Action research served as the research methodology to tackle classroom learning issues. Data collection methods included interviews, observations, and documentation. In semi-face-to-face interviews, interviewers posed their inquiries and discussed various subjects. The data were analyzed through organization, segmentation, pattern recognition, selection of relevant information, and drawing of conclusions. Following the Miles and Huberman method, this interactive data analysis process continued until completion. In qualitative research, data analysis typically begins with data collection, followed by data reduction, data presentation, and, ultimately, the derivation of conclusions or verification. The findings revealed that students harbored misconceptions about historical information they had not fully comprehended. While several factors contributed to this, it became evident that the core issue identified through problem-based learning was students' inadequate grasp of the fundamental concepts. This became apparent when students encountered difficulties recalling information when asked questions. Problem-based learning typically consists of five crucial stages, starting with the teacher introducing a challenging scenario to students and concluding with the presentation and analysis of student work.
Teachers' Reflective Practice in Implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka (Case Study at SMA Negeri 1 KURIPAN)
Authors: Hadi Makmur , Rosadi Pendi , Budi Lestari Yuni
Published: March 2024

The independent curriculum is a new breakthrough from the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia that aims to empower education units and teachers in developing students' potential, including 21st century skills (Kemdikbud, 2021). So that we can also formulate the objectives in this study to determine the level of teacher understanding of the concepts and policies of the independent curriculum in their respective schools and the extent to which teachers apply reflection in evaluating planning, processes, and learning outcomes based on the independent curriculum. The benefits of this study, the researcher hopes to provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which teachers have implemented reflection and a critical approach in implementing the independent curriculum and then identify the obstacles, constraints, and real needs of teachers related to reflective practice in the independent curriculum. The interview results indicate that there are still variations in the level of teachers' understanding of the Merdeka Curriculum concept. Teacher A explained that he had broadly understood that Merdeka Curriculum aims to empower teachers to develop students' potential through the application of 21st century skills and independence values. However, how to translate it into concrete learning activities is still confusing. Meanwhile, Teachers B and C even stated that the socialization provided had not provided adequate understanding, it was still theoretical and difficult to apply. Teachers' understanding of the concept of Merdeka Curriculum is still limited and partial. Most teachers only understand in outline, but have difficulty applying it concretely in learning.
Bicycling and Walking to and from School: Does It Affect Students' Body Mass Index and Aerobic Capacity?
Authors: Wiriawan Oce , Setijono Hari , Wibowo Sapto , Kaharina Arifah , Rasyid Muhammad Labib Siena Ar , Karimah Hizbin Nisa'
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the differences between students who regularly cycle or walk when going to and from school and students who do not cycle or walk on body mass index and aerobic capacity. This comparative research involved 20 male students who were obtained using quota sampling techniques and divided into two groups. The first group consists of 10 students who have the habit of going to and from school by bicycle or walking (BW group). In comparison, the second group consists of ten students who do not have the habit of going to and from school by bicycle or walking (including being dropped off/picked up by their parents) (Non-BW group). The research instruments used were weight scales, height measuring instruments, and a 20-meter pacer test. The data analysis technique used is the independent sample t-test. Results of differences between the BW group vs. Non-BW group revealed that there was a significant difference in mean values in the aerobic capacity variable (29.1 ± 2,883 vs. 26.39 ± 2,822 ml/kg/min, p<0.005), while in the body mass index variable there was no significant difference (21,089 ± 3.702 vs. 22.216 ± 4.968 kg/m2, p>0.005). This research concludes that students in the BW group show better aerobic capacity than Non-BW group students. However, the body mass index showed no significant differences between the two groups.
Legal Protection of Consumers on the Sale of Vitamin D3 Without a Distribution Permit BPOM in the Digital Marketplace
Authors: Wahjuni Edi , Kumala Sari Nuzulia , Kurniawan Putra Rizki
Published: March 2024

Digital trade has resulted in many health products being sold online through marketplaces. According to the facts that have occurred, several vitamin D3 that do not have distribution permits or imitations are sold in the digital marketplace. Vitamin D3 without a distribution license or imitation certainly causes harm to consumers. This is because the products received do not contain the proper composition of vitamins and can endanger human health. The purpose of writing is to forms of legal protection for consumers who are harmed and settlement of consumer disputes that are harmed due to vitamin D3 without a distribution permit in the digital marketplace. The approaches used are statutory approach and conceptual approach. Internal legal protection is obtained from agreements in the marketplace. External protection for consumers who are harmed by vitamin D3 without a distribution permit can use Article 143 of Law No.17 of 2023 concerning Health and Article 4, Article 8, Article 19 of the of the Consumer Protection Law and Article 1365 of the Civil Code that business actors must be responsible and fulfill consumer rights in getting returns as before. However, consumer legal protection for the sale of vitamin D3 in the digital marketplace is not optimal because it is influenced by factors of legal substance, legal structure and legal culture. Dispute resolution can be filed by consumers in non-litigation through BPSK and litigation through the court.
Educational and Technical Tools for Developing Students' Creativity in Computer Lessons
Authors: Nurillo-kizi Israilova Navbakhor
Published: March 2024

In the modern post-industrial society, the problem of developing creative abilities of students using information technologies is especially relevant. At the moment, society needs specialists who can think differently, find creative solutions to problems, and skillfully work with information. The problem of studying the phenomenon of creativity is not new. Many researchers have presented this problem in different interpretations.
Preserving Face Threatening Acts in the English Translation of Bumi Manusia
Authors: Susanto Eko , Nababan M.R , Santosa Riyadi
Published: March 2024

This research aims to find the types of FTA contained in the English translation of the novel Bumi Manusia. Apart from that, this research also analyses translation techniques and the level of translation accuracy. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research results state that there are two main types of FTA, namely Positive Face Threatening Acts (PFTA) and Negative Face Threatening Acts (NFTA). There is a predominance of PFTAs in human interactions, indicating that more actions aim to strengthen and enhance positive aspects of relationships and personal development. The findings from the English translation technique of the novel "Bumi Manusia" show a total of 1357 data, divided into 13 types of techniques. The most dominant translation technique is Equivalence with a percentage of 73.2% of the total data found. These results are that the English translation of the novel "Earth of Mankind" has an adequate level of accuracy, acceptability and readability.
Some Morphological Features of the Language of the Works of Iskhak Khan Ibrat
Authors: Mannobovich Latipov Murotali
Published: March 2024

This scientific work provides information on the morphological use of possessive, case forms of nouns, relational forms of verbs, and auxiliaries used in the text of prose, poetic, publicist works of the enlightened jadid writer Iskhak Khan Ibrat.
Study of Pata Melo Songs in Etu Ceremony in Natameze Traditional Village Community, Nagekeo Regency
Authors: Kian Melkior , Ceunfin Flora , Sofyana Irma Kaet Margaretha , Lao Wea Isidorus
Published: March 2024

This research aims to analyze 1) the form of presentation of pata melo singing 2) the meaning of Pata melo singing in the Etu ceremony in the Natameze traditional village community. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and using naturalistic and ethnographic methods. The subjects of this research are 2 mosalaki who know about Pata melo singing. Data collection used observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the singing of Pata melo in the Etu traditional ceremony, namely every verse sung, has the meaning of social motivation, namely strengthening enthusiasm, friendship, and unity besides having to remain vigilant against opponents and the most important thing is sportsmanship. Based on the results of research and discussion in the previous chapter, it is concluded that, Pata melo is an expression of friendship motivation not a revenge or emotional. The singing of pata melo and etu is not immediately held but must go through several processes of presentation from wuku enga to finally ibha ae.
Functional Typology Structure of Ethnicity and Culture Toward Regional Language Learning in Aceh Singkil District
Authors: Sutrisno Imam Hadi , Hijjang Pawennari , Tutdi Zakia , . Baihaqi
Published: March 2024

Aceh Singkil is an economically successful area with many enticing tourist attractions, such as natural, ethnic, and maritime. This region, which is bordered by the sea and split by a major river known as the Lae Souraya, is home to several historical and cultural attractions. The existence of natural resources and cultural attractions persuades the local government to formulate the culture as an interesting package for the visitor. This article examines the role and resources of Aceh Singkil’s natural and cultural heritage that are currently, but not properly, used. According to this typology, Aceh Singkil has phenomenal tourism and cultural attraction spots, which include natural tourist attractions, art and cultural performances, artificial natural (engineering) and important cultural places, royal historical heritage sites, important spiritual sites, spiritual values, local genius, and traditional culinary delights. Following a field investigation, researchers found issues such as how to operate and exploit these cultural sites for sustainable tourist growth. What typology may be used to depict tourism and cultural attractions in Aceh Singkil? This study seeks to identify and deconstruct examples of operating and exploiting these resources for the development of sustainable cultural tourism, as well as to build a typology capable of representing Aceh Singkil’s tourist attractions. Theoretical and practical issues that indicate the uniqueness of regional ethno-cultural tourism are examined. Based on this data, experts believe that an ethno-historically based ethnocultural tourism model is required. Moreover, these findings and field investigations are critical to create an ethnocultural tourism model that pays special attention to the cultural traits of the Aceh Singkil people and national nature for both locals and visitors from other countries. The objective of establishing this model is to assist in the development and introduction of sustainable cultural attraction for visitors, the creation of new employment for people, the rise in sales of tourism and cultural products, and, of course, the improvement of tourism and art cultural infrastructure in the region.
Keywords: ethnocultural, ethno-historically, tourism, cultural heritage, characteristics of Aceh Singkil
Aligning Sumbawanese Proverbs with Pancasila Learner Profile to Enhance Local Culture-based Character Education
Authors: Jazadi Iwan , Widari I. G. A.
Published: March 2024

The 2022 Independent Curriculum puts the Pancasila learner profile as one that frames character education. In our local context, Sumbawa Regent Regulation No. 33 2021 stipulates that character education be implemented by embracing the local values together with the national values of Pancasila. Thus, aligning Pancasila values with local values and knowledge is a good way to implement character education that is relevant nationally. For this reason, we have categorized 309 Sumbawanese proverbs into relevant key elements of Pancasila learner profile. The data were collected from a document, which contains the most complete collection of Sumbawanese proverbs each with its denotative and connotative meanings. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively with an element of quantification in grouping the proverbs into good and bad characters and in categorizing the proverbs based on Pancasila learner profile key elements. Our discussion shows how the proverbs strongly enhance the inculcation of Pancasila values through their antonymous metaphors and similes. In conclusion we suggest having selected Sumbawanese proverbs, developed as picture-based character learning materials and resources for use at school.
Keywords: character education, Pancasila learner profile, proverbs, Sumbawanese
Development of Arabic Calligraphy Teaching Materials Based on 21st-Century Skills
Authors: Jubaidah Siti , . Nuruddin , Ilham Andri , Annisa Kamilatu
Published: March 2024

The industrial revolution and the emergence of 21st-century skills challenge educators in preparing their students to compete globally. Lecturers are responsible for integrating their teaching with 21st-century skills. This research is one of the efforts to develop teaching materials for Arabic calligraphy courses based on 21st-century skills. The research method used in this study is research and development. The research and development model used adopts the Dick and Carey model, which is summarised in the ADDIE phases, combined with the curriculum design model of Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM). The research phases consist of five stages: needs analysis, design of teaching materials, development of teaching materials, implementation of teaching materials, and evaluation of the teaching material product. In the validation process, the researcher used open- and closed-ended questionnaires, product testing through validation and reliability testing, involving subject matter experts, instructional experts, lecturers using the teaching materials, and a small group test involving 20 students from the first semester of the academic year of 2022-2023 in Semester 119. Data collection for expert assessment was done through questionnaires, while one-on-one testing was conducted through interviews. Data analysis used the Guttman scale, scoring 1 for “Yes” and 0 for “No.” Based on the assessment of subject matter experts and lecturers, the developed teaching material was considered very good and in line with the principles of developing 21st-century skills.
Keywords: development of teaching materials, Arabic calligraphy, 21st-century skills
The tunnels are a prerequisite for living here: lessons from the Faroe Islands on how push-pull factors affect populations in small remote communities
Authors: Kongsager Rico
Published: March 2024

Small remote communities in the Nordic countries face unique challenges due to their geographical isolation, limited resources, and sparse population. The latter is affected by migration, which can have both positive and negative implications for communities’ development, and so understanding the factors influencing migration patterns is essential for ensuring balanced regional development. This paper focuses on the population trends over the last two centuries in the Faroe Islands; more specifically, in the two small remote communities Hvannasund and Viðareiði in the Northern Islands. The overall theoretical framework applied is the push-pull migration concept. By examining the push-pull factors that drive migration patterns in these communities, the paper explores the impact on socio-economic development, and by analysing the interplay between these factors, this study aims to provide insights into the dynamics of movements and their implications for the development of small remote communities. The main findings are that economic factors are the main push-pull factors to explain the population changes in the investigated communities, while the social/demographic, political, and environmental factors to a lesser degree can explain the fluctuations but impact the more linear trends over time.
Yvirlit yvir Føroya fuglar
Authors: Bloch Dorete , Sørensen Søren , Winther Eyðun
Published: March 2024

This check-list of Faroese birds is for sale as a separate booklet in English. Available from Føroya Náttúrugripasavn, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands. Phone (042) 1 2306.
The Biting Midge Culicoides impunctatus Goetghebuer, 1920 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) recorded from the Faroes
Authors: Nielsen Søren Achim , Nielsen Boy Overgaard
Published: March 2024

The biting midge, Culicoides impunctatus, not hitherto recorded from the Faroes, was collected in light traps operated at Gerðinum, Mýrarnar, and Hoyvfk, Streymoy. The species is widespread, occurring in Asia and Europe, e.g. in Britain (including Orkney), Denmark and Norway, but it is not known from lceland and Greenland. C. impunctatus, which is associated with bogland, was particularly abundant at Mýrarnar. The mean antennal ratios (the ratio of the sum of the length of the apicalfive segments of the antennal flagellum to the sum of the basal segments) of Faroese female specimens was significantlylower than mean ratios recorded from Britain and Denmark, indicating smaller absolute body size. The species is an extremely persistent biter, feeding on man and large mammals. In the Faroes man, cattle, sheep and possibly the arctic hare are potential hosts. The feeding on livestock may cause considerable distress, in cattle hypersensitivity to the bites may develop and in horses the biting may give rise to an allergic dermatitis. The record of C impunctatus adds a troublesome biting fly to the Faroese fauna.
“Vembur má hann duga at vaska” – krøv til ummælaran og ummælið sum tekstslag í samskiftinum millum Tórodd Poulsen og ummælararnar / “He must know how to clean rumen” – What it takes to be a critic and literary criticism as a genre in the communication between Tóroddur Poulsen and his critics
Authors: Gaard Paula
Published: March 2024

ÚrtakGreinin varpar ljós á bókmentaummæli sum samskifti millum ummælara og skald. Við tí útbreidda uppáhaldinum í huga at ummæli eru hótt tekstslag, verður royndarborað í eitt úrval av samskiftinum millum Tórodd Poulsen skald og ummælarar hansara og víst á, at skaldskapur Tórods er dømi um, at ummæli í breiðastu merking avmarka seg ikki til teir miðlar, sum verða hildnir at treyta tey, og til tey tekstslagskrøv, sum skilmarka tey.AbstractThe article discusses literary criticism as communication between the critic and the poet. Considering the claim that the literary review is a threatened genre, the article delves into a selection of the ongoing dialog between Faroese poet Tóroddur Poulsen and his critics. It is argued that the poetic texts of Poulsen can serve as examples of how literary reviews, understood in the widest sense, are not restricted to the media they are often perceived as depended upon and that they can transgress the criteria defining their genre.
Yvirlit yvir innskotin grótsløg í Føroyum
Authors: Rasmussen Jóannes
Published: March 2024

The present paper deals with intrusive rocks (Basalts) of the Faroe Islands. The Plateau«Basalt sequence is briefly mentioned: 1. Lower Basalt Sequence, 2. Coahbearing Sequence, 3. TuffsAgglomerate Sequence, 4. Upper Basalt Sequence, 5. Intrusive Rocks. Next the different types of intrusives are treated: 1. Irregular intrusive Basalts, 2. Sills (transgressive), and 3. Dikes. Irregular intrusive Basalts from Suðuroy, Tindhólmur and Vágar are described. The following sills are dealt with: 1 from Fugloy, 1 from Svínoy, 3 from Streymoy and 2 from Eysturoy. Dikes are only briefly mentioned. Finally the different intrusive types are placed in the stratigraphic sequence, and it is concluded that all three types of intrusives are most likely related — belong to the same intrusive phase — and are younger than the whole Plateaus Basalt sequence.
Четыре пути к достижению свободы. О героях русской литературы
Authors: Szczukin Wasilij
Published: March 2024

Статья содержит критику неолиберальной концепции позитивной свободы. Автор предлагает свое понимание идеала свободы, в основу которого положены не экономические, ной необходимости, по мнению автора, неприемлемo для современного человека. Трудно не согласиться с мнением Достоевского о том, что не выбор пользы и добра, а обязательность этого выбора лишает человека того ни с чем не сравнимого чувства свободы (Записки из подполья). Не только дух святой, но и дух человеческий веет где хочет, а не только там, где ему «необходимо» или предписано веять. Нельзя также не учитывать возможность самопроизвольного запуска непредсказуемых механизмов природы и культуры, о которых писал Юрий Лотман в книге Непредсказуемые механизмы культуры. Автор статьи выделяет четыре разновидности позитивной свободы, которые нашли свое выражение в образах некоторых героев русской литературы. Это жизнь скитская, описанная в сочинениях Нила Сорского и других русских исихастов, карамазовщина, обломовщина и, наконец, «тайная» духовная свобода. Автор выражает симпатию к последней концепции позитивной свободы, несовместимой как с анархическим произволом, так и со «благословенной» пассивностью.
Диалог в обряде опахивания в повести Сергея Есенина Яр и его мифологические коннотации
Authors: Рахно Константин
Published: March 2024

Одним из самых ярких эпизодов в повести Сергея Есенина Яр (1915) является описание народного обряда опахивания селения против эпизоотии сибирской язвы. Оно этнографически точное, базируется на личных впечатлениях поэта как очевидца и содержит ряд важных деталей, которые дополняют имеющиеся в научной литературе фиксации XIX– начала XX века, в том числе и происходящие из Рязанской губернии. Опахивание, которое Есенин видел в родной деревне, относится к  так называемым окказиональным обрядам, которые исполняются «по случаю» – во время возникших кризисов. Оно совершалось при массовых заболеваниях людей и падеже скота, понимавшихся в традиционном обществе как проявление сбоя в мировом порядке. В последнем случае для избавления от эпидемии следовало восстановить этот порядок. Под нормальным ходом вещей подразумевался баланс между «человеческим» и «нечеловеческим», соответственно эпидемия мыслилась как свидетельство того, что баланс нарушен, а граница, отделяющая людей от иного мира, ослабла раньше срока. Обряд опахивания был призван провести еe заново, на реальном и символическом уровнях. Для этого одиннадцать обнаженных невинных девушек во главе с замужней женщиной, глаза которой были завязаны, обводили деревню бороздой с песнопениями. Они становились фигурантами ситуации примордиального творения. Во время обрядового обхода селения, согласно свидетельству Есенина, могли умертвить встречного человека, который объявлялся персонификацией болезни. Другой важной чертой, отмеченной поэтом, являлся обрядовый диалог, происходивший между женщиной с завязанными глазами и участницами обряда. Он воспроизводил ритуальную слепоту, дающую возможность видеть инобытие, и отсылал к соответствующим мифологическим персонажам вроде гоголевского Вия.
Pożegnanie radzieckiego człowieka. Rozważania o reportażu Czasy secondhand Swietłany Aleksijewicz
Authors: Stępniak Anna
Published: March 2024

Przedmiotem analizy artykułu jest opis fenomenu radzieckiego człowieka – wytworu ery sowietyzmu, który jest postacią złożoną, niejednoznaczną, tragiczną. Człowiekowi radzieckiemu Swietłana Aleksijewicz poświęca piątą z cyklu książek Głosy utopii. Z jednej strony wychowankowie czerwonej cywilizacji (jak ich określa Aleksijewicz) są ukształtowani przez udział w przewrotach wojnach i przemoc, przez co są gotowi do jej zadawania. Z drugiej strony są fanatycznie przywiązani do komunistycznych ideałów, nawet wtedy, gdy spotyka ich z ich strony zawód. Z trudem odnajdują się w nowej rzeczywistości, nie potraﬁą korzystać z wolności, demokracji, dobrobytu. Obraz homo sovieticusa w reportażu Aleksijewicz jest przygnębiający i smutny – trudno zrozumieć kogoś, kto przeżył obozy, tortury, utratę bliskich i upadek imperium, kto cierpliwie znosi cierpienie w oczekiwaniu na szczęście, którego nigdy nie zaznał i kto tęskni za ZSRR z jego ułomnościami i zniewoleniem.
Systemically Important Banks – Risk Transfer in the Euro Area
Authors: Koleśnik Jan
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the article/hypothesis. The main aim of this article is to assess the direction and scale of risk transfer via systemically important banks in the euro area. This paper also critically analyses and proposes practical applications of supervisory and complex measures of SIBs identification.

Methodology. The impact of systemic risk transfer via O-SIBs on the home and host countries was examined using the supervisory measure of an individual bank’s contribution in the national systemic risk. Additionally, the SRISK model was used.

Results of the research. The conducted research has shown that the nature of risk transfer is potentially unidirectional, i.e., from the ‘old EU’ countries to the other countries in the same group or to the ‘new EU’ states. Also, three other SIBs have been found to pose a greater threat to the national banking system than their parent entities do in their home countries. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that in three countries, the aggregate risk contribution of the local O-SIBs – being subsidiaries of O-SIBs from other Eurozone countries – exceeds 25%.
Nieprawidłowości w umowach o kredyt konsumencki w Polsce, kontekst ochrony konsumenta na rynku usług finansowych
Authors: Czechowska Iwona Dorota , Hajdys Dagmara , Ślebocka Magdalena
Published: March 2024

Cel artykułu, pytania badawcze. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i ocena funkcjonowania rynku bankowego w Polsce z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa usług bankowych związanego z ochroną konsumentów. Realizacja celu ograniczała się do rynku kredytów konsumenckich i nieprawidłowości zidentyfikowanych przez instytucje ochrony konsumentów w czasie pandemii Covid-19.
W artykule postawiono pytania badawcze: Jakie działania podjął rząd i sektor bankowy, aby chronić konsumentów przed skutkami pandemii Covid-19? Jakie instytucje wchodzą w skład systemu ochrony konsumentów na rynku usług bankowych? Jakie nieprawidłowości zgłosili kredytobiorcy w sektorze bankowym?
Metodyka. Badania dotyczyły przeglądu literatury oraz regulacji wprowadzonych w związku z pandemią Covid-19, a także danych o orzeczeniach wydanych przez Rzecznika Bankowego i Urząd Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów w związku z niedoskonałościami rynku bankowego wobec konsumentów.
Rezultaty badania. Stwierdzono, że „wakacje kredytowe” były sposobem na zabezpieczenie sytuacji finansowej konsumentów/kredytobiorców w czasie pandemii Covid-19, kiedy stracili oni pracę lub źródło dochodu. Klienci zgłaszali nieprawidłowości do: Rzecznika Finansowego, Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów oraz Arbitra Bankowego. Duża liczba ofert kredytowych, ich wysoki poziom skomplikowania i niski wpływ na umowę kredytową powodowały, że konsument był narażony na nieuczciwe i nieetyczne praktyki kredytodawców. Nieprawidłowości występowały zarówno na etapie przedkontraktowym, jak i w trakcie trwania umowy kredytowej oraz po jej zakończeniu.
Uzbrojenie i wyposażenie członków chorągwi nadwornej królów Polski w drugiej połowie XV w.
Authors: Kałużny Jędrzej Tomasz
Published: March 2024

Chorągiew nadworna królów Polski złożona była z dworzan konnych (curieses) i pokojowców (cubicularii), stojących na czele konnych pocztów o rozmaitej liczebności. W materiałach archiwalnych z Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie zachowały się informacje z drugiej połowy XV w. o 11 500 konnych służących w oddziale nadwornym. Autor scharakteryzował różne typy źródeł, informujące o jeźdźcach z chorągwi nadwornej, ich wyposażeniu i koniach. Ze względu na uzbrojenie jeźdźców można podzielić na ciężkozbrojnych – w zbrojach kopijniczych, średniozbrojnych – w zbrojach strzelczych, oraz lekkozbrojnych – uzbrojonych na sposób racki lub tatarski. Autor omawia też poszczególne rodzaje uzbrojenia zaczepnego i ochronnego używanego przez jeźdźców z oddziału nadwornego. W artykule przeanalizowane zostały również informacje na temat koni, ich ras, odmian, płci i stanu zdrowia. Jak zauważa autor, pod względem uzbrojenia wyposażenie dworzan nie odbiegało od tego jakim posługiwali się zaciężni, czy rycerze z pospolitego ruszenia. Na uwagę zasługuje fakt, że najstarsze wzmianki o broni palnej używanej przez konnych jeźdźców w Polsce dotyczą właśnie dworzan, którzy z rusznicami zostali odnotowani już w 1497 r.
Polskie pociągi pancerne w wojnie polsko-bolszewickiej 1919–1921
Authors: Lajdenfrost Adam
Published: March 2024

Pociąg pancerny to opancerzony parowóz wraz z kilkoma wagonami, uzbrojony w działa i karabiny maszynowe. Broń ta rozwijała się od wynalezienia pociągu w 1825 roku. Polska nie miała tradycji użycia pociągów pancernych. Rozwój tej broni, po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości w 1918 roku, następował w oparciu o wzorce zaczerpnięte od zaborców. Podczas wojny polsko-bolszewickiej ich wykorzystaniu sprzyjał rozległy teren, na którym toczyły się działania wojenne. Dla ich przebiegu istotne było posiadanie kontroli nad liniami i węzłami kolejowymi, co osiągano dzięki użyciu pociągów pancernych. Intensywność walk i zapotrzebowanie wojska na ten rodzaj broni przy jednoczesnym braku odpowiednich zakładów i fachowców powodowały, że duża część tych maszyn nie pochodziła z fabryk lecz była doraźnie improwizowana za pomocą materiałów znajdujących się pod ręką. Sprawdzenie się pociągów pancernych w boju w trakcie wojny z bolszewikami sprawiło, że w okresie międzywojennym nadal rozwijano ten rodzaj broni. Z powodzeniem wykorzystano go podczas II wojny światowej, po której nastąpił schyłek pociągów pancernych.
Mitigation of Salinity Combined with Vermicompost on Growth, Antioxidant Enzymes and Macro Nutritional Changes in Solanum melongena L.
Authors: Thimothy Sarah , Dikshit Debasish , Venkatesan A.
Published: March 2024

Background: The main abiotic stress affecting crop production and productivity is due to the salinity stress, which has a very serious adverse effectiveness on plant development and production. At higher concentrations, salt stress provokes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species ROS, which are toxic to cells. Methods: The goal of the current study was to determine how different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations affected Solanum melongena growth, antioxidant enzymes and macronutrients through the use of vermicompost. Vermicompost (VC) (%) (0, 10, 25, 50, 10 mM+5%, 25 mM+10%, 50 mM+25% and 100% VC) was used in the germination investigation and the data were evaluated 30- and 60-days following germination. Result: In 50 mM of NaCl plus 25% VC, the greatest increases in the length of the shoot, length of roots, both dry and fresh weight and leaf area were noted. On both days, the maximum enzyme activity was observed at 50 mM NaCl + 25% VC. The use of vermicompost in NaCl stress enhanced the nutritional contents up to 50 mM + 25% VC, while the accumulation of macronutrient content increased at an extreme level of 100% VC.
Exploring the Genetic Variability of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Genotypes Over Environments
Authors: Rajalakshmi K. , Murugan E. , Anand G. , Renuka R. , Ramamoorthy V.
Published: March 2024

Background: The present investigation was carried out in 50 diverse blackgram genotypes during rabi 2021-22 in three different locations viz., Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai (E1), National Pulses Research Institute, Vamban (E2) and a farmer’s field at Vizhudhudayan, Ariyalur district (E3) for exploring the genetic variability of the blackgram genotypes over environments. Methods: The data on 10 quantitative traits viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, total number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), hundred seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) were subjected to genetic variability analysis. Result: The traits viz., plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, total number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) revealed a high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean. Hence, these traits may be given much importance during selection due to their additive gene action. These results might render yield enhancement in future breeding programs.
Evaluation of the Effect of Combining Fusarium oxysporum and Macrophomina phaseolina on the Incidence of Jute (Corchorus olitorius) Disease
Authors: Mahato D.
Published: March 2024

Background: Jute charcoal rot and wilting caused by Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum fungi severely hampered production. Methods: To determine the combined effects and the interaction of Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum, experiments using the double culture technique, inoculation experiments using cut stems and experiments using soil inoculation were designed. Result: In the experiment with dual cultures, M. phaseolina did not exhibit any aggressive behaviour toward F. oxysporum and provide results that any abnormality in hyphae of both the fungi. Healthy sesame stems were inoculated with Macrophomina, Fusarium and Macrophomina + Fusarium and it was discovered that the stem colour varied from white to grey to black at different days after inoculation, but the colour of the control stem remained green“during the whole trial period. According to a study on soil inoculation, seed germination rates for inoculations of Macrophomina + Fusarium were as low as 20.00% owing to disease incidence, whereas seed germination rates for inoculations of Macrophomina alone were 30%. The germination rate in the control pot was as high as 78%. Although Macrophomina grows more quickly than Fusarium does, their combination had no antagonistic effects and was shown to make the illness worse than any one of them acting alone.
Can Non-invasive Hormone Profiling in Female Tigers (Panthera tigris) could Differentiate True Pregnancy and Pseudopregnancy
Authors: Jesse Deepika Diana , Mishra Aditya , Jain Anand Kumar , Mandal Sanju , Gattani Anil , Jadav Kajal , Yadav Uttam Singh , Gupta Atul , Tomar Rajesh
Published: March 2024

Background: The tigers (Panthera tigris) being the world’s largest cat are one of the critically endangered species which are at the verge of extinction. The pseudopregnancy or false pregnancy or pseudocyesis is a syndrome which is characterized by the presence of signs of pregnancy in a non-pregnant animal. False lactation or nervous lactation are the terms which are used to refer pseudopregnancy as there is very low quantities of milk production is seen. This condition can be differentiated with true pregnancy by using hormones and by correlation of behavioral symptoms of pregnancy with hormonal profiles for confirmation of pregnancy in female tigers. Methods: Total seven animals were used in the experiment and was divided into three groups (G I, G II and G III). Group G I consist of 03 non-bred animals of less than 9 years of age, G II consisted of 03 non-bred animals of more than 9 years of age and G III was consisted of 03 animals after mating irrespective of their age. Faecal samples were collected non-invasively from enclosures weekly up to 14 weeks. Only fresh samples (deposited within 24 h) was chosen, urine puddles were aspirated from the floor. The extracted samples were then analysed for estimation of relaxin, progesterone and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite (PGFM) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: Relaxin the hormone for early detection of pregnancy in felines gives elevated concentration from 49 days after mating and attains a peak during parturition, whereas, no elevation or peak was observed in pseudopregnant animals. Progesterone, in true pregnancy remains elevated from 7th week onwards after mating, it gets dropped after 7th week with wide fluctuation in pseudopregnant animals. PGFM elevation observed after nine weeks of gestation in true pregnancy whereas, no elevation will be observed in pseudopregnant tigress.
Quality, Texture Profiles, Collagen Contents and Chemical Compositions of Meat from Thai Native Goats Fed with Different Protein Levels in Total Mixed Rations
Authors: Pastsart U. , Muangchan P. , Prasomsuk R. , Khamseekhiew B.
Published: March 2024

Background: The main cost of animal production is the protein content in the feed. Hence, it is necessary to determine a suitable protein content for productive performance and meat quality of the Thai native goats. Methods: This study was carried out to investigate effects of protein levels in total mixed rations (TMR) on meat quality, texture, collagen contents and chemical compositions of Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles of Thai native goats that were subjected to 4 alternative levels of protein in TMR (9, 12, 15 and 18%) for 4 months. Result: The results revealed that the pH1h and a* values were higher in goat meat from 18% dietary protein group (P less than 0.05). Regarding water holding capacity, it was found that the 12% dietary protein group had a higher thawing loss than the others (P less than 0.05). In texture profile analysis, the group that received the protein at 18% level had the higher in shear force than in the 9 and 12% dietary protein groups (P less than 0.05). For the chemical compositions, it was found that the 12% dietary protein group had highest insoluble collagen and total collagen contents. The protein levels of 15 and 18% gave the lowest fat content (P less than 0.05), followed by the dietary protein levels 12 and 9% in rank order. It can be concluded that increasing protein levels in TMR resulted in a redder meat but reduced tenderness and fat content of goat meat.