bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real space-time imaging of valence electron motion in molecules
Authors: Garg Manish , Martin-Jimenez Alberto , Pisarra Michele , Martín Fernando , Kern Klaus
Published: November 2020

Tracking valence electron motion in molecules is the key to understand and control chemical transformations. Contemporary techniques in attosecond science have the capability to generate and track the consequences of this motion in real time, but not in real space. Consequently, the local time-evolution of the electron density can so far only be inferred by reconstruction from the (often elusive) features appearing in electron, ion, absorption or emission spectra, mainly in small molecules. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), on the other hand, can locally probe the valence electron density in molecules, but cannot provide by itself dynamical information at this ultrafast time scale. Here, we demonstrate that, by combining STM and attosecond technologies, the dynamics of a coherent superposition of valence electronic states generated by < 6 femtosecond long carrier-envelope-phase (CEP) stable laser pulses can be directly and simultaneously visualized with picometer spatial resolution and 300 attosecond temporal resolution, thus going well beyond the previously established space-time limits and bypassing any kind of reconstruction. In particular, we show that near fields of near-infrared pulses confined to the apex of a nanotip of an STM enable concurrent real-space and real-time imaging of the valence electron dynamics generated in the perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecule, as well as exerting full control of the electron density in the highest occupied (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied (LUMO) molecular orbitals. We envision that this approach could thus open the way to the unambiguous observation and manipulation of electron dynamics in complex molecular systems, in monolayer thick 2D materials and in superconductors.
Maximizing Productivity of Greenhouse-grown Hydroponic Lettuce during Winter
Authors: Miller Alexander , Langenhoven Petrus , Nemali Krishna
Published: November 2020

Operational cost of producing lettuce (Lactuca sativa) during the winter in greenhouses is high in the northern regions of the United States due to the addition of supplemental lighting (SL) and heating. Crop productivity in greenhouses should increase to offset high operational costs and maintain profits. Factors including SL composition, heating efficiency, suitability of production systems (PS), and cultivar performance can affect crop productivity. Research-based information on optimizing the above environmental- and production-related factors is limited. This information is critical for growers to make informed decisions and increase profits during winter hydroponic production. We evaluated the interactive effects of SL composition, solution temperature, PS, and cultivar treatments on lettuce shoot dry weight (SDW, g·m−2) and shoot water content (SWC, %) in a greenhouse maintained at suboptimal air temperature (13.7 °C) using a split-plot design. There were three light treatments (sunlight without SL, sunlight + narrow-spectrum SL at nighttime, and sunlight + full-spectrum SL at nighttime), two solution temperature levels [heated (18.8 °C) and unheated (13.2 °C)], two hydroponic PS [constant flood technique (CFT) and nutrient film technique (NFT)], and eight cultivars included in the study. Results indicated that 1) a narrow-spectrum SL at nighttime in combination with heated solution resulted in maximum SDW of lettuce, 2) the SDW and SWC (major determinant of economic yield) increase between the heated and unheated solution temperature treatments was higher in the CFT than in the NFT, and 3) the positive effects of using heated solution were seen mainly in the green-color cultivars. Our research identified the optimal spectral composition of nighttime SL, tested the positive effects of alternate heating methods using heated solution on plant growth under suboptimal air temperature conditions, compared the suitability of two hydroponic PS for lettuce production, and quantified yield potential of several lettuce cultivars in hydroponic production during winter. Growers can use our research findings to make informed decisions about their investment and to maximize hydroponic lettuce productivity and profits during winter.
STUDIES ON VARIABILITY OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS ON JAMUN (SYZYGIUM CUMINII SKEELS) GENOTYPES GROWING IN NORTHERN BASTAR PLATEAU REGION OF CHHATTISGARH
Authors:   Department of Agriculture, Sharda University, Grater Noida, U.P., 201304., Allaylay Devi Chongtham , Sharma G.L. ,   Department of fruit science College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, C.G. 492012., Singh Prabhakar ,   Department of fruit science College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, C.G. 492012., Panigrahi H.K. ,   Department of fruit science College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, C.G. 492012.
Published: November 2020

Surveys were undertaken for characterization and evaluation of genetic diversity of Jamun (SyzygiumcuminiiSkeels) of seedling origin for different morphological characters of tree characters and leaf characters during 2016-17 and 2017-18 in the Jamun growing in Northern Bastar Plateau region of Chhattisgarh areas. Investigations were undertaken during the entire vegetative phase to assess the distribution, range and to record the range of genetic variability of different morphological traits on the selected sixty trees. Mature leaves were plucked and analyzed for different parameters such as leaf surface and leaf glands. Results of evaluated Jamun genotypes showed wide variability for studied characteristic.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PHY-MA IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
Authors:   ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India., Sharma Vipin , Pandey Krishna ,   UIET, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India., Patel Rachit ,   ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India., Kumar Gaur Kamal ,   Indo German Tool Rom, Ahmedabad, Gujrat, India.
Published: November 2020

In the paper we evaluate the performance of thePhy-MA(closet to Mac layer) in wireless networks with the increasing the throughput. Load balancing and data aggregation plays a vital role in wireless communication technology for enhancing the battery life cycle time. We utilize the concept sleep mode scheduling scheme to preserve energy consumption for whole life cycle. In the work, the DAT (Data Aggregation Trees) model ensures the basic topological arrangement for enhancing the lifetime networks.
ELIZABETHKINGIA MENINGOSEPTICA BACTEREMIA IN A NEONATE: A RARE CASE REPORT FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF TRIPURA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College., Bhattacharya Sibabrata , Das Rima ,   2nd Year Post Graduate Trainee, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College., Chakrabarti Ankan ,   3rd Year Post Graduate Trainee, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College., Majumdar Tapan ,   Professor & HOD, Department of Microbiology, Agartala Government Medical College.
Published: November 2020

Blood from a two day old male baby with history of respiratory distress and meconium aspiration was sent to the Department of Microbiology for culture. Blood culture yield non haemolytic small colonies of 1-2 mm on Blood agar and no growth on MacConkey agar.Based upon the colony characteristics, biochemical reactions, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and identification by conventional and Vitek 2 Compact system, the isolate was identified as Elizabethkingia meningoseptica which is a rare cause of bacteremia in neonates.
EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO MUSCULAR INSPIRATÓRIO NA BIOMECÂNICA DA DEGLUTIÇÃO DE PACIENTES COM BRONQUIECTASIA: SÉRIE DE CASOS
Authors: Gonçalves Bruna Franciele Da Trindade , Pereira Marisa Bastos , Mancopes Renata
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: analisar os efeitos do Treinamento Muscular Inspiratório na deglutição de sujeitos com bronquiectasia. Método: ensaio clínico experimental randomizado não cegado. Os participantes realizaram avaliação clínica da deglutição, videofluoroscopia e manovacuometria. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, sendo que o grupo controle que realizou fisioterapia respiratória convencional e grupo estudo que associou essa ao treinamento muscular inspiratório com POWERbreathe. Resultados: avaliados 11 indivíduos com bronquiectasia, a maioria com deglutição normal (63,6%), adultos de meia idade (54,5%) do sexo feminino (72,7%). Houve boa concordância entre os juízes que analisaram a biomecânica da deglutição antes e após as intervenções. Em ambos os grupos a PImáx foi maior após intervenção (P=0,007). Entretanto, a PImáx foi superior no grupo estudo, em relação ao grupo controle (P=0,034). Houve melhora em ambos os grupos em algumas variáveis como atraso do início da fase faríngea e resíduos em valéculas, embora sem significância estatística. Conclusão: a realização do treinamento muscular inspiratório não gerou efeitos significativos sobre a biomecânica da deglutição.
MAPA FALANTE DE CRIANÇAS COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS NA VOZ DE MÃES CUIDADORAS
Authors: Silveira Andressa Da , Benites Nicorena Bruna Pillar
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: descrever a rede de apoio institucional acessada por crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde na voz de mães cuidadoras. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida com mães cuidadoras de crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde, usuárias de uma Policlínica Infantil localizada na fronteira oeste do Brasil. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da dinâmica de criatividade e sensibilidade Mapa Falante, com a metáfora do desenho para a produção dos dados. A produção dos dados foi realizada no espaço domiciliar, as falas foram áudio gravadas, transcritas e analisadas por meio da análise de discurso pecheutiana. Resultados: na perspectiva das mães cuidadoras as crianças que possuem necessidades especiais de saúde necessitam de uma ampla rede de apoio social, representada pelas redes institucionais e sociais que fazem parte do dia a dia de seus filhos. No discurso dessas mulheres observou-se ainda a dificuldade de inclusão das crianças na sociedade, devido a presença dos tabus sociais da necessidade especial de cuidados a saúde. As mães são cuidadoras principais, exclusivas e os cuidados em alguns momentos é compartilhado com outros membros do núcleo familiar. Conclusões: o cuidado solitário, compartilhado em alguns momentos é evidenciado no discurso das mães cuidadoras. A dificuldade de inserção da criança na escola, a diversidade de serviços de saúde requeridos também aparecem na produção artística e nas enunciações dessas mulheres. O discurso denota a importância dos cuidados de enfermagem, para o preparo da família dessas crianças para a continuidade dos cuidados no espaço domiciliar.
APTIDÃO FÍSICA EM FUNÇÃO DO RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR POR MEIO DA RELAÇÃO CINTURA ESTATURA DE SEDENTÁRIOS
Authors: Do Nascimento Reginaldo Luiz , Do Nascimento Junior José Roberto Andrade , Saraiva Layane Costa , Dos Santos Lélio Ferreira , Carneiro Marcus Vinicius Oliveira , Araujo Flavio de Sousa , Carvalho Ferdinando Oliveira
Published: November 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a aptidão física de indivíduos sedentários da cidade de Petrolina-PE em função do sexo, faixa etária e risco cardiovascular por meio da relação cintura estatura. A amostra foi composta por 3.173 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, considerados sedentários e com faixa etária entre 18 a 64 anos. Foram coletadas massa corporal, estatura, circunferência da cintura e do quadril, dobras cutâneas, testes motores (flexibilidade, flexão de cotovelo e flexão de tronco), pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e frequência cardíaca de repouso, e posteriormente calculada relação cintura quadril e cintura estatura e pressão arterial média, e foi estimado o volume máximo de oxigênio. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados os testes “U” de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis, sendo adotada  uma de significância de p<0,05. Os resultados evidenciaram que houve diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) em todas as medidas avaliadas em relação ao sexo de indivíduos sedentários. Os resultados foram significativos quando comparado às faixas etárias dos sexos masculino e feminino para todas as variáveis dentro dos percentis 25, 50 e 75, e também quando comparado os grupos de menor e maior risco cardiovascular. Concluiu-se que participantes homens possuem melhor aptidão física que as mulheres, sendo que esta tende a piorar com o avançar da idade para ambos os sexos, além do que os sujeitos classificados com maior risco cardiovascular apresentaram pior aptidão física.
Local coordinate weight reconstruction for rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Wu Chenxi , Jiang Rong , Huang Zhonghua , Wu Xin , Liu Zhe
Published: November 2020

The high dimensionality data originating from rolling bearing measuring signals with non-linearity and low signal to noise ratio often contains too much disturbance like interference and redundancy for accurate condition identification. A novel manifold learning named Local coordinate weight reconstruction (LCWR) is proposed to remove such disturbance. Due to the different contribution of samples to their manifold structure, weight value is used for the contribution difference. By reconstructing local low-dimensional coordinates according to its weight function about geodesic distance in neighborhood, LCWR targets to reduce reconstruction error, preserve intrinsic structure of the high dimensionality data, eradicate disturbance and extract sensitive features as global low-dimensional coordinates. The experimental results show that the intraclass aggregation and interclass differences of global low-dimensional coordinates extracted via LCWR are better than those of local tangent space alignment (LTSA), locally linear embedding (LLE) and principal component analysis (PCA). The accuracy reaches the highest 96.43 % using SVM to identify LCWR based global low-dimensional coordinates, and its effectiveness is testified in diagnosis of rolling bearing fault.
Efficiency and viability of drip method of irrigation in groundnut cultivation: an empirical analysis from South India
Authors: Narayanamoorthy A. , Devika N. , Suresh R. , Sujitha K. S.
Published: November 2020

Drip method of irrigation (DMI) has the potential to save substantial water and electrical energy as well as increase the productivity of crops. Studies conducted on different high value crops have confirmed the various benefits of DMI. However, not many studies have researched the income and resource impact of drip irrigation including its benefit–cost pattern using survey data in crops like groundnut, which is an important oilseed crop in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to fill this gap by using survey data collected from a water-scarce district from Tamil Nadu State in India. The results show that DMI can save about 34% of cultivation cost, 36% of water and electrical energy and increase about 79% of productivity over the same crop cultivated under conventional flood method of irrigation. The drip adopters are also able to generate an additional farm business income of Rs 25,911/acre (1 USD = INR 74.92, 1 acre = 4,047 m2) over the non-drip adopters. The net present worth and benefit–cost ratio estimated using discounted cash flow technique shows that investment in drip irrigation is economically highly viable for groundnut cultivating farmers.
Easing Employee Strain: The Interactive Effects of Empowerment and Justice on the Role Overload-Strain Relationship
Authors: Andrews Martha C. , Kacmar K. Michele
Published: November 2020

The present study provides two tests of Karasek’s (1979) Job Demand-Control Model using a sample of 159 employees from a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility. Empowerment and informational justice were conceived of as high control and low control, respectively and were examined for their moderating effects on two relationships: 1) the relationship between role overload and burnout and 2) the relationship between role overload and job satisfaction. All four hypotheses were supported. Findings indicate empowerment weakens the positive role overload-burnout relationship and the negative role overload-job satisfaction relationship. Informational justice strengthens the positive role overload-burnout and negative role overload-job satisfaction relationships.
Examining the Interaction of Extroversion and Network Structure in the Formation of Effective Informal Support Networks
Authors: Zell Deone , McGrath Cathleen , Vance Charles M.
Published: November 2020

This study on informal support networks bridges the traditionally disparate disciplines of

personality theory and social network theory, and examines the impact of extroversion on the structure of support networks, as well as the relative contribution of network structure versus extroversion to a critical element of network effectiveness: trust. Two uestionnaires measuring extroversion and social support network characteristics were administered to 113 university business students. Although no impact of extroversion was found on certain dimensions of network structure (e.g., size, diversity, behavioral aspects of strength of ties), introverts and extroverts differed in terms of affective aspects of strength of ties and embeddedness. Furthermore, although we failed to find a significant interaction effect of extroversion and embeddedness on trust, both extroversion and strength of ties predicted trust. In addition, extroverts’ networks were characterized by higher levels of intimacy and trust, which may
Review Research of Medical Image Analysis Using Deep Learning
Authors: Mohammed Bakhtyar Ahmed , Al-Ani Muzhir Shaban
Published: November 2020

In modern globe, medical image analysis significantly participates in diagnosis process. In general, it involves five processes, such as medical image classification, medical image detection, medical image segmentation, medical image registration, and medical image localization. Medical imaging uses in diagnosis process for most of the human body organs, such as brain tumor, chest, breast, colonoscopy, retinal, and many other cases relate to medical image analysis using various modalities. Multi-modality images include magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography, optical coherence tomography, confocal laser endoscopy, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, CT, X-ray, wireless capsule endoscopy, breast cancer, papanicolaou smear, hyper spectral image, and ultrasound use to diagnose different body organs and cases. Medical image analysis is appropriate environment to interact with automate intelligent system technologies. Among the intelligent systems deep learning (DL) is the modern one to manipulate medical image analysis processes and processing an image into fundamental components to extract meaningful information. The best model to establish its systems is deep convolutional neural network. This study relied on reviewing of some of these studies because of these reasons; improvements of medical imaging increase demand on automate systems of medical image analysis using DL, in most tested cases, accuracy of intelligent methods especially DL methods higher than accuracy of hand-crafted works. Furthermore, manually works need a lot of time compare to systematic diagnosis.
Fall Detection Using Neural Network Based on Internet of Things Streaming Data
Authors: Kakarash Zana Azeez , Karim Sarkhel H.Taher , Mohammadi Mokhtar
Published: November 2020

Fall event has become a critical health problem among elderly people. We propose a fall detection system that analyzes real-time streaming data from the Internet of Things (IoT) to detect irregular patterns related to fall. We train a deep neural network model using accelerometer data from an online physical activity monitoring dataset named, MobiAct. An IBM Cloud-based IoT data processing framework is used to manage streaming data. About 96.71% of accuracy is achieved in assessing the performance of the proposed model.
Amplifying Domain Expertise in Clinical Data Pipelines (Preprint)
Authors: Rahman Protiva , Nandi Arnab , Hebert Courtney
Published: November 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Digitization of health records has allowed the health care domain to adopt data-driven algorithms for decision support. There are multiple people involved in this process: a data engineer who processes and restructures the data, a data scientist who develops statistical models, and a domain expert who informs the design of the data pipeline and consumes its results for decision support. Although there are multiple data interaction tools for data scientists, few exist to allow domain experts to interact with data meaningfully. Designing systems for domain experts requires careful thought because they have different needs and characteristics from other end users. There should be an increased emphasis on the system to optimize the experts’ interaction by directing them to high-impact data tasks and reducing the total task completion time. We refer to this optimization as amplifying domain expertise. Although there is active research in making machine learning models more explainable and usable, it focuses on the final outputs of the model. However, in the clinical domain, expert involvement is needed at every pipeline step: curation, cleaning, and analysis. To this end, we review literature from the database, human-computer information, and visualization communities to demonstrate the challenges and solutions at each of the data pipeline stages. Next, we present a taxonomy of expertise amplification, which can be applied when building systems for domain experts. This includes summarization, guidance, interaction, and acceleration. Finally, we demonstrate the use of our taxonomy with a case study.
Development of an Android-Based Self-Report Assessment for Elderly Driving Risk (SAFE-DR) App: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hwang Ho Sung , Choi Seong-Youl
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Self-report assessments for elderly drivers are used in various countries for accessible, widespread self-monitoring of driving ability in the elderly population. Likewise, in South Korea, a paper-based Self-Report Assessment for Elderly Driving Risk (SAFE-DR) has been developed. Here, we implemented the SAFE-DR through an Android app, which provides the advantages of accessibility, convenience, and provision of diverse information, and verified its reliability and validity.

OBJECTIVE

This study tested the validity and reliability of a mobile app-based version of a self-report assessment for elderly persons contextualized to the South Korean culture and compared it with a paper-based test.

METHODS

In this mixed methods study, we recruited and interviewed 567 elderly drivers (aged 65 years and older) between August 2018 and May 2019. For participants who provided consent, the app-based test was repeated after 2 weeks and an additional paper-based test (Driver 65 Plus test) was administered. Using the collected data, we analyzed the reliability and validity of the app-based SAFE-DR. The internal consistency of provisional items in each subdomain of the SAFE-DR and the test-retest stability were analyzed to examine reliability. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the validity of the subdomain configuration. To verify the appropriateness of using an app-based test for older drivers possibly unfamiliar with mobile technology, the correlation between the results of the SAFE-DR app and the paper-based offline test was also analyzed.

RESULTS

In the reliability analysis, Cronbach α for all items was 0.975 and the correlation of each item with the overall score ranged from r=0.520 to r=0.823; 4 items with low correlations were removed from each of the subdomains. In the retest after 2 weeks, the mean correlation coefficient across all items was r=0.951, showing very high reliability. Exploratory factor analysis on 40 of the 44 items established 5 subdomains: on-road (8 items), coping (16 items), cognitive functions (5 items), general conditions (8 items), and medical health (3 items). A very strong negative correlation of –0.864 was observed between the total score for the app-based SAFE-DR and the paper-based Driver 65 Plus with decorrelation scales. The app-based test was found to be reliable.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we developed an app-based self-report assessment tool for elderly drivers and tested its reliability and validity. This app can help elderly individuals easily assess their own driving skills. Therefore, this assessment can be used to educate drivers and for preventive screening for elderly drivers who want to renew their driver’s licenses in South Korea. In addition, the app can contribute to safe driving among elderly drivers.
Developing a K-CDA Implementation Guide for Applying Health Information Exchange Service in South Korea (Preprint)
Authors: Jung Sung Won , Bae Sungchul , Seong Donghyeong , Yi Byoung-Kee
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Through several years of the healthcare information exchange based on the HIE project, some problems were found in the CDA documents generated.

OBJECTIVE

To fix some problems, we developed the K-CDA Implementation Guide (K means S. Korea) that conforms to the HL7 CDA, and suits the domestic conditions regarding the healthcare information.

METHODS

We achieved by analyzing HIE guideline and the U.S. C-CDA, and comparing each item. The items that required further discussion were reviewed by the expert committee. Based on the reviews, the previously developed templates were revised.

RESULTS

A total of 35 CDA templates were developed: five document-level templates, fourteen section-level templates, and sixteen entry-level templates. The 28 value sets used in the templates have been improved and the OIDs for HIE have been redefined

CONCLUSIONS

The K-CDA IG allows management in the form of a template library based on the definition of the General K-Header and the structured templates. This enables the K-CDA IG to respond to the expansion of national HIE templates with flexibility. For the K-CDA IG, the CDA template in current use was incorporated to the greatest extent possible, to minimize the scope of modifications. It enables the national HIE and the HIE with countries abroad.
De la cumbia a la corraleja: el culto a los santos en el bajo Sinú
Authors: Turbay Sandra
Published: November 2020

Este estudio analiza el culto al santo en la reserva indígena zenú de San Andrés de Sotavento (Departamentos de Sucre y Córdoba, Colombia) y varias comunidades mestizas de las sabanas circundantes. Se concentra en el sincretismo entre las tradiciones religiosas indígenas y católicas en torno a las fiestas de la cumbia, el fandango y la corraleja. Creencia en seres sobrenaturales asociados con el agua y fe en el poder de las piedras que se encuentran en circunstancias inusuales en la zona, acompañada de rituales inspirados en las fiestas católicas. En este artículo se examina la funcionalidad y el simbolismo de las cumbias celebradas en honor de los santos "de piedra", los fandangos en honor de San Simón y San Domingo Vidal de Chimá y las corridas de toros organizadas en las sabanas de Sucre y Córdoba. Concluye esbozando algunas hipótesis sobre la historia de la evangelización en la antigua provincia colonial de Cartagena, que pueden ayudar a explicar los especiales rasgos religiosos de los pueblos caribeños de Colombia.
La metáfora ecológica: simbolismo y conservación
Authors: Mora Santiago
Published: November 2020

Durante la última década, las políticas gubernamentales para preservar la selva tropical amazónica han sido fuertemente influenciadas por los sistemas filosóficos de los nativos americanos. Anticuadas y condenadas al olvido, estas visiones del mundo son la base para emitir una imagen de los indios como hábiles conservadores. Los responsables políticos no han considerado el impacto de las economías de mercado en las culturas amazónicas nativas. Desarrolladas bajo falsas suposiciones, estas políticas se han convertido en dispositivos de ahorro de tiempo que obvian la necesidad de estudios empíricos de las economías nativas y las estrategias de subsistencia. A largo plazo son perjudiciales para los indios, así como para la preservación de la selva.
Las sociedades prehispánicas de Jardín y Riosucio
Authors: Santos Vecino Gustavo
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de las investigaciones arqueológicas realizadas en Jardín (suroeste de Antioquia) y Riosucio (noreste de Caldas), que incluyeron el estudio de diversas zonas y sitios y la excavación parcial de una serie de características, principalmente sitios de habitación prehispánicos en terrazas artificiales. Los hallazgos arqueológicos consisten principalmente en fragmentos, que indican que las ocupaciones prehispánicas de Jardín y Riosucio corresponden a los grupos de agricultores productores de cerámica que vivían en la quebrada del Cauca y otras regiones de Antioquia, como el valle de Aburrá y el altiplano de Rionegro. Estas evidencias corresponden a los horizontes culturales que se extendieron por la cuenca del Cauca en dos períodos distintos conocidos como tempranos (los primeros seis siglos d.C.), caracterizados por la conocida Cerámica Morena Incisiva y Tardía (siglo X d.C. hasta la conquista). Aunque los métodos de alfarería y de enterramiento difieren en estos dos períodos, los patrones de asentamiento son similares. Los lugares de habitación, dispersos principalmente en la llanura húmeda y templada o "cinturón de café" y, por lo general, en los valles intermontanos, son testigos de una estrategia de explotación de los suelos fértiles. Los sitios de habitación dispersos también se encuentran en las laderas secas y cálidas cerca del río Cauca y deben haber sido destinados a la explotación de recursos biológicos y minerales. En el período tardío, la mayor diversidad cultural se expresa en la presencia de diversos complejos cerámicos, lo que indica una nueva fase de interacción entre grupos con diferentes sistemas económicos y sociales en una variedad de contextos regionales, similar a la situación en la época de la conquista.
¿Ciudadanos en la etnicidad?. Los indios en la política o la política en los indios de Roberto Santana
Authors: Zambrano Carlos Vladimir
Published: November 2020

Reseña escrita por Carlos Vladimir Zambrano
Identidad y ritualidad ente los mayas de Marie-Odile Marion.
Authors: Zambrano  Carlos Vladimir
Published: November 2020

Reseña escrita por Carlos Vladimir Zambrano
Education and Attitudes on Medical Cannabis in Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Philbrick Ann M. , Danner Christine , Oyenuga Abayomi , Pereira Chrystian , Ricco Jason , Wendling Andrea L.
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Medical cannabis has become increasingly prevalent in the United States, however the extent of family medicine resident education on this topic remains unknown. The objective of this study was to ascertain the current state of medical cannabis education across this population and identify patterns in education based on state legality and program director (PD) practices.
Methods: Survey questions were part of the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) omnibus survey from May 2019 to July 2019. PDs from all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited US family medicine residency programs received survey invitations by email.
Results: A total of 251 (40.7%) PDs responded, with 209 (83.6% [209/250]) reporting at least 1 hour of didactic curriculum regarding cannabis. The most common context was substance misuse (mean 3.0±4.1 hours per 3 years), followed by pain management (2.7±3.4 hours), and management of other conditions (2.1±2.7 hours). Thirty-eight programs (15.2% [38/250]) offered clinical experiences related to medical cannabis, and PDs who had previously prescribed or recommended medical cannabis were more likely to offer this experience (P<.0001). Experiences peaked after 3 to 5 years of medical cannabis legality. PD confidence in resident counseling skills was low overall, but did increase among programs with clinical experiences (P=.0033).
Conclusions: The current trajectory of medical cannabis use in the United States makes it likely that residents will care for patients interested in medical cannabis, therefore it is important residents be prepared to address this reality. Opportunities exist for improving medical cannabis education in family medicine residency programs.
Calidad del cuidado y acreditación en centros de hemodiálisis
Authors: Guerra-Guerrero Veronica
Published: November 2020

La enfermedad renal crónica terminal es actualmente considerada un problema de salud pública en el ámbito mundial, por su prevalencia e incidencia creciente en la población, su importancia relativa en la cargade enfermedad del país, su comportamiento crónico o per anente y el requerimiento de una alta complejidad técnica para su manejo (1), en donde enfermería asume un rol fundamental en el cuidado que recibe la población que tiene esta condición. Por lo tanto, la alta complejidad técnica que engloba su tratamiento, es un desafío constante para los cuidados que se otorgan particularmente a los usuarios que se encuentran en la modalidad de hemodiálisis. La enfermedad y tratamiento generan un alto impacto socioeconómico, por lo que también limita o pone en riesgo la vida y calidad de vida de las personas que la padecen, ade más de afectar el contexto directo que rodea a las personas, como lo es su familia (2).
The occurrence and evolution of arsenic in aquifers of the Avala volcanic complex (outskirts of Belgrade, Serbia)
Authors: Poznanovic Maja , Popovic Ljiljana , Petrovic-Pantic Tanja , Spahic Darko , Marinkovic Goran
Published: November 2020

Avala Mountain is accommodated 15 km southward from the city of Belgrade and extends over the area of about 10 km2. Avala Mountain is a cultural and historical heritage of Belgrade qualified by the Law on Environmental protection. The area is abundant with water springs that have been exploited by tourist facilities and local population. By analyzing groundwater sampled from several springs and wells located in a vicinity of the Avala magmatic entity here we study the occurrence, concentration and origin of arsenic pollutant. The investigated springs are accommodated within the faulted complex of Mesozoic carbonate and clastic sediments, serpentinite, further intruded by the Tertiary magmatic rocks. By using the concentrations of the major and minor components(e.g. Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn) in groundwater, the relationship between groundwater and local lithostratigraphic units is outlined. Chemical analysis of the investigated waters shows that arsenic concentration in groundwater of the investigated area is in range from 3.0 to 102.0 ?g/l. Arsenic concentrations over the maximum allowed value in drinking water (10 ?g/l) are detected in more than 55% cases. The occurrence of arsenic in groundwater can be attributed to local igneous rocks, i.e. to the process of oxidation of sulphide minerals with As (major or minor presence) ? primarily arsenopyrite or pyrite. Groundwater with higher concentration of arsenic (above10 ?g/l) is exploited as drinking water used by tourists and by local population. Along term use of the water with high concentration of arsenic impose a major health risk.
Vascular Access Care in Patients with Multimorbidity
Authors: Armenteros-Yeguas Victoria , Tomás-López Maria Aranzazu , Miranda-Serrano Erika , Moraza-Dulanto Inmaculada , Meléndez-Fernández Lara , Merino-Romero Eva , Cristóbal-Domínguez Estíbaliz , Gárate-Echenique Lucía
Published: November 2020

Highlights

Multimorbid patients with DIVA required more catheters than those without DIVA. The DIVA group required devices of smaller calibre and more insertion attempts. Catheter dwell time was similar but adverse events rate was higher in DIVA group. Nearly 20% of catheters were inadequate for the therapy prescribed in all patients. The results evidenced the need to improve adherence to clinical practice guidelines.
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Plus
Authors: Boles Richard G. , Powers Amy L.R. , Adams Kathleen
Published: November 2020

Cyclic vomiting syndrome, which is characterized by severe discrete episodes of nausea, vomiting, and lethargy, is a fairly common, disabling, predominately childhood condition. Approximately 25% of cases have coexisting neuromuscular disease manifestations (cyclic vomiting syndrome plus). To determine whether patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome and neuromuscular disease represent a distinct subentity within cyclic vomiting syndrome, a clinical interview was conducted regarding 80 randomly ascertained sufferers of cyclic vomiting syndrome from a disease association database. Cyclic vomiting syndrome plus and “cyclic vomiting syndrome minus,” herein defined as the presence of at least two and zero neuromuscular disease manifestations, were present in 23 and 44 subjects, respectively. Neuromuscular disease manifestations, including cognitive disorders, skeletal myopathy, cranial nerve dysfunction, and seizure disorders, were found to statistically cluster together among the same subjects. In addition, subjects with cyclic vomiting syndrome with neuromuscular disease had an earlier age at onset for vomiting episodes and a three- to eightfold statistically increased prevalence for certain dysautonomia-related (migraine, chronic fatigue, neurovascular dystrophy) and constitutional (growth retardation and birth defects) disorders. However, subjects with cyclic vomiting syndrome with and without neuromuscular disease were equally likely to have a sibling affected with neuromuscular disease manifestations. We conclude that cyclic vomiting syndrome plus, although likely not genetically distinct from cyclic vomiting syndrome minus, represents a distinct phenotypic entity that predicts an earlier onset of disease and increased comorbidity with a distinct list of medical conditions, possibly owing to a higher degree of mitochondrial dysfunction. ( J Child Neurol 2006;21:182—188; DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00040).
OROPHARINGEAL EXERCISE UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI JALAN NAFAS AKIBAT OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROM PADA KONDISI STROKE
Authors: Pertiwi Aniesa Nur Laily , Rajbiana Nada , Hayati Rida
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKObstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS)  merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya stroke berulang hingga kematian. OSAS adalah sindrom obstruksi total atau parsial jalan napas yang menyebabkan gangguan nafas saat tidur. Peningkatan derajat OSAS berhubungan dengan peningkatan kematian. Oleh karena itu OSAS harus diberikan pengananan yang tepat. Penelitian menunjukkan  Oropharingeal Exercise  dipercaya dapat memperbaiki jalan nafas akibat OSAS pada kondisi stroke. Orofarigeal Exercise merupakan metode alternatif pada pasien stroke yang menderita OSAS dengan melakukan latihan isotonic dan isometric saluran nafas bagian atas untuk meningkatkan mobilitas dan tonisitas otot-otot pernafasan bagian atas  sehingga membuka jalan nafas dan meningkatkan fungsi serta kinerja saluran pernapasan. Oleh karena itu Oropharingeal Exercise dapat digunakan sebagai terapi alternatif untuk memperbaiki jalan nafas akibat OSAS pada kondisi stroke.
KEPEMIMPINAN BERBASIS RELIGI (Studi Tentang Praktik Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta)
Authors: Istanto Istanto
Published: November 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan praktik atau pelaksanaan kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah SMP Muhammadiyah 1  Surakarta; (2) menganalisis praktik-praktik kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah berbasis Religi di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta.Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode indept interviewing, metode observasi, dan metode dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan cara pengamatan yang terus-menerus, trianggulasi, serta membicarakan dengan orang lain atau rekan sejawat.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan. Pertama, praktik kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta dilakukan dengan jalan berupaya memberikan motivasi, memberi contoh, membagi tugas sesuai bidangnya dan melakukan supervisi, dan menanamkan pengaruh kepada guru untuk mendukung setiap kebijakan sekolah. Hubungan dengan masyarakat dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah dengan bersilaturahmi, saling membantu, berupaya menjaga hubungan baik dengan warga sekolah dengan masyarakat dalam rangka dakwah amar makruf nahi mungkar. Kepala sekolah sebagai figur panutan masyarakat berusaha untuk selalu menjadi uswah hasanah dan meningkatkan kompetensi kepribadian, pedagogik maupun sosialnya. Kedua, praktik kepemimpinan kepala sekolah berbasis religi, dilakukan dengan cara memberikan bimbingan cara mengajar yang benar dengan mempersiapkan RPP yang dibuat sendiri, menyusun dan mengembangkan silabus, mengadakan workshop, seminar dan menanamkan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman dan Kemuhammadiyahan. Kepala sekolah juga menekankan bahwa tugas yang diberikan kepada guru adalah merupakan amanah dari Allah SWT. Setiap melaksanakan tugas sebagai kepala sekolah dilakukannya dengan menggunakan pendekatan individu yang santun, ramah dan sabar, serta memberikan contoh perilaku yang baik, dan menekankan pada aspek pengaruh dan menanamkan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman dalam rangka untuk dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar.
TARJIH SEBAGAI METODE: PERSPEKTIF USUL FIQH
Authors: Rosyadi Imron
Published: November 2020

Dalam studi usul fiqh dikenal empat solusi untuk menyelesaikan dalil yang saling bertentangan (ta‘âruḍ al-adillah). Empat solusi itu adalah al-jam’u wa at-taufîq (kompromi), nâsikh wa al-mansûkh, tarjih, dan tawaqquf. Keempatnya ini merupakan solusi secara herarkhis jika seseorang menemui dalil yang saling bertentangan. Dimulai dari al-jam’u wa at-taufîq tapi jika cara ini tidak dapat dilakukan maka baru solusi berikutnya, yaitu solusi nâsikh wa al-mansûkh. Jika solusi kedua tidak bisa ditempuh maka dipilih solusi ketiga, dan seterusnya.
Elaboração de um instrumento de avaliação para medir desconforto visual subjetivo de funcionários de lojas de moda.
Authors: Zugliani Bortolan Giovana Mara , Gitirana Gomes Ferreira Marcelo , Tezza Rafael
Published: November 2020

A pesquisa em ergonomia e qualidade da iluminação objetiva proporcionar saúde e bem-estar aos usuários de um ambiente. Em espaços de trabalho, a iluminação se torna imprescindível na concepção de um ambiente e deve proporcionar, além de conforto visual, segurança e eficácia nas atividades. Este estudo reúne e organiza um referencial teórico sobre a iluminação em ambientes de trabalho com especial atenção ao desconforto visual. Observou-se que, para medir e identificar o desconforto, é necessária a utilização de um método adequado. Devido à subjetividade do conforto, um dos métodos mais recorrentes é o questionário, que averigua as preferências do usuário.  Além disso, foi constatado que grande parte das pesquisas avaliam o desconforto visual somente em escritórios e ambientes controlados. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em avaliar o desconforto visual subjetivo de funcionários de lojas de moda por meio da elaboração de um instrumento de avaliação. Para a extração dos itens, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura de modo a identificar todos os elementos da iluminação que favorecem o desconforto visual. Em seguida, foram elaborados 50 itens abordando todo o conteúdo referente ao desconforto visual, e estes foram validados por meio da análise semântica e análise de juízes. Posteriormente, foi realizado um pré-teste com os 21 itens selecionados e aplicado com uma amostra de 200 funcionários. Foi executada a análise fatorial exploratória e encontrados cinco fatores: sintomas, controle, satisfação e desempenho visual, saúde e segurança visual e cor. Trata-se de uma ferramenta que possibilita a identificação do desconforto visual, de modo a evitar o comprometimento no trabalho, causados pela iluminação inadequada.
Perception and fabrics: a preliminary investigation about the responses patterns by the stimulation of vision and touch
Authors: Neves Érica Pereira das , Brigatto Aline C. , Samaan Cintia L. , Rodrigues Sergio Tosi , Paschoarelli Luis Carlos
Published: November 2020

During the interaction of the individuals with the products, the sensorial channels are activated and begin to receive various information. In the Design exercise, the properties of the materials are responsible for giving the objects personality. In the case of fashion product, the aesthetic features, as well as the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fabrics promote varied perceptions that generate subjective and affective responses in the individual. In this sense, the present study presents a preliminary investigation about the responses patterns obtained through the simulation of two sensorial channels – vision and touch - in front of some varied fabrics. For this purpose, five different samples of fabric were evaluated through a semantic scale completed with bipolar adjectives to identify the response patterns. Comparing the individual perceptual of each fabric, it was observed that there were no substantial differences between the responses obtained by the different sensory channels. Fabrics with irregular surface, grainy and a voluminous fit, such as crepe, presented more negative perceptual responses, such as discomfort, hardness, and synthetic. It is noted that aesthetic qualities, such as repulsiveness, simplicity, ugly and coarse were more accentuated when considered the perception through vision.
LE ROUMAIN LITTÉRAIRE MODERNE ET L’ANALOGISME
Authors: CHIVU Gheorghe
Published: November 2020

The Modern Literary Romanian and the Analogism. The adaption of Latin-Romance neologisms through phonetic transformations that characterized the constitution period of Romanian language as independent Romance idiom is considered, during the dawn of time of modern literary Romanian, a debatable action of Latin conception towards renewal and unification of our cultural language.
The presence of certain analogical forms specific to etymological writing in texts of various authors that weren’t part of the Latin movement, but also the usage, included in the current literary Romanian, of several analogical phonetics motivates the cultivated nature of the mentioned phonetical adaptions and assesses the widespread application of these forms, viewed as Romanian modalities of borrowings, during the modernizing period of literary Romanian writing according to Latin pattern.
REZUMAT. Limba română literară modernă şi analogismul. Adaptarea neologismelor latino-romanice prin transformări fonetice care au caracterizat perioada de formare a limbii române ca idiom romanic independent este considerată, pentru epoca de început a românei literare moderne, un reflex contestabil al concepției latinizante de înnoire și de unificare a limbii noastre de cultură.
Prezența unor forme analogice specifice scrisului etimologizant în texte datorate unor autori ce nu au aparținut mișcării latiniste, precum și folosirea, inclusiv în româna literară actuală, a unor fonetisme de tip analogic argumentează caracterul cult al adaptărilor fonetice în discuție și probează larga utilizare a acestor forme, considerate modalități de „românizare” a împrumuturilor, în perioada de modernizare a scrisului românesc literar după model latin.
Cuvinte-cheie: româna literară modernă, normare după model latin, adaptarea neologismelor, analogism, legi fonetice.