bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A class of binary sequences with two-valued cross correlations
Authors: Rong Jianying , Li Ting , Hua Rui , Wang Xuemei
Published: March 2024

Let $ p $ be an odd prime with $ p\equiv 7\pmod{12} $, $ \frac{p-1}2 $ be the least integer such that $ 2^{\frac{p-1}2}\equiv 1\pmod p $, and $ q = 2^{\frac{p-1}2} $. Let $ \alpha $ be a primitive element of the finite field $ \Bbb F_{q} $ and $ \beta = \alpha^{\frac{q-1}{p}} $. Suppose that $ \sigma = \sum_{i = 0}^2\beta^{m\zeta_3^i}\in \Bbb F_q^* $, where $ m\in \Bbb F_p^* $ and $ \zeta_3 $ is a $ 3 $rd root of unity in $ \Bbb F_p $. Let $ \{u_i\} = (\operatorname{Tr}_{q/2}(\sigma\beta^i))_{i = 0}^{q-2} $ be a binary sequence of period $ q-1 $. In this paper, we obtained the cross correlation distribution between two sequences $ \{u_i\} $ and its $ \frac{q-1}p $-decimation sequence, which is two-valued.
Establishing the Life-Long Learning Components of Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Hamlin Michael D.
Published: March 2024

The term continuous professional development (CPD) has come to signify a change in traditional continuing medical education (CME). The transition from CME to CPD has been driven by changes in the healthcare environment that will require changes in the content, delivery modes, and teaching techniques used to educate physicians and other healthcare providers. This chapter will describe work in the learning sciences that delineate life-long learning skills and provide guidance to designers and instructors of CPD on what may be for many a new perspective on learning that is different from methods used in traditional CME courses. It is the perspective of this chapter that the fundamentally different nature of CPD learning needed to address the constant acceleration of changes in health knowledge will force learners to develop a more active and self-directed learning style and that CPD will need to shift from traditional instructional settings and this shift will require that the design of CPD offerings address and include more active and sophisticated learning strategies.
Extending the Strategic Reach and Impact of Healthcare Professional CPD
Authors: Hayes Catherine
Published: March 2024

This chapter provides a theoretical insight into the nature of continuing professional development within the health and medical professions. Ensuring the critical relevance and meaningful nature of CPD for clinical practitioners and the assessment mechanisms used to assess its effectiveness remains challenging in terms of how to engage professionals with timely, relevant, and tailored CPD content. The philosophical basis of constructivism is used to provide a theoretical lens through which knowledge construction and application can be integrated into the lifelong learning of post-qualifying members of the workforce.
A Generation of Healthcare Professionals Sensitive to the Needs of the LGBTQ+ Population
Authors: Bravo Amairany Vega , Espinosa Jessica López , Valero Rodríguez América Daniela , Armenta Gabriela Vázquez , Lopez Mildred
Published: March 2024

The training of a generation of healthcare professionals sensitive to the needs of the LGBTQ+ population is urgent. In Mexico, five million people identify as part of the LGBTQ+ population. Despite legal changes and the mandatory compliance that healthcare professionals must adhere to with protocols, the treatment of LGBTQ+ patients remains discriminatory. Efforts towards inclusion have been driven by governments through guidelines tailored to the contexts in which they are published, student demands through groups, and universities providing information on their official websites. However, these are only the first steps toward being able to provide informed and quality care to the LGBTQ+ population.
Peer Feedback in Continuous Professional Development
Authors: Lewis Kristen , McFarlane Daniel
Published: March 2024

Continuous professional development functions to guide medical professionals in growing their expertise. Deliberate practice is a foundational methodology for developing expertise, and feedback plays a critical role in the process. This chapter will discuss potential sources of feedback for medical professionals, identifying benefits and limitations of each. Peer feedback can dramatically impact professional development. Many clinician educators participate in peer observation as a means of developing teaching skills. Programs offering peer feedback regarding patient care skills are less ubiquitous, equally important, and universally relevant. Mechanisms for feedback regarding professionalism, communication, and collaboration behaviors also add value. The barriers to engaging in peer observation and feedback are significant. Strategies to overcome these barriers must be utilized. Readers will recognize why institutions should develop peer feedback programs and gain tangible strategies to develop such programs effectively.
Shake It Off
Authors: Rodríguez América Daniela Valero , Espinosa Jessica López , Bravo Amairany Vega , Vázquez-Armenta Gabriela , Lopez Mildred
Published: March 2024

Medical students' training must be comprehensive, encompassing the acquisition of theoretical knowledge as well as the development of interpersonal and social skills, in order to provide quality medical care. It is essential for future healthcare professionals to communicate effectively and empathetically with patients and their families, in addition to gaining competencies for teamwork with the diverse stakeholders within the healthcare system, with the aim of ensuring successful performance in the clinical environment. Various institutions have established the core competencies for medical care, and while they agree on the importance of knowledge, systemic thinking, and procedural skills, they differ in incorporating emotional intelligence, professionalism, and humanism. Medical education is a field that is constantly evolving and must adapt to the demands of the healthcare system and community contexts, addressing social issues of discrimination and caring for the mental health of healthcare workers, with the goal of providing quality medical care to all patients.
Decoding the US-NATO Dynamics
Authors: Bag Akash , Roy Souvik , Shah Asif Iqubal
Published: March 2024

The ripples of the shift in power in the USA were felt worldwide, not least in international security policy, where the USA has often chosen to be at the forefront throughout history. The country's involvement in most international organizations had changed during the four years with Trump as president, and his mottos “America First” and “Make America Great Again.” The tone and fortunes surrounding NATO changed on January 20, 2021. This chapter has researched the national role conceptions of two American presidents, Donald Trump and Joe Biden, to see how their national role conception of the USA could affect the relationship between the USA and NATO with the help of the national role conception theory employed in this paper. It concludes that the presidents have partly different national role conceptions, with one role being the same and two being different. This chapter also concludes that different national role conceptions could affect the relationship between the USA and NATO.
Poland, a Benign but Not a Naïve Power in Its Response to Russia's War in Ukraine (2022-Present)
Authors: Pietrzak Piotr
Published: March 2024

The chapter investigates an interesting twist in the bilateral relations between Ukraine and Poland under the Morawiecki Government. It discusses the main reasons that led Morawiecki to drastically change from a very generous response to Russia's invasion to an openly hostile stance after Zelensky's UN Speech. The chapter explores the rationale that led Morawiecki to impose an embargo on Ukrainian grain and other agricultural commodities during the summer of 2023. It deliberates on the post-2023 improvement of these relations after the formation of the Tusk government. It exemplifies that even if certain disagreements over the scale of the offered assistance arise in the countries that eagerly helped Ukraine since February 2022, those disagreements can be appropriately dealt with. The ferocity of Putin's war against Ukraine failed to discourage Ukraine's most loyal friends from stepping up their support. Paradoxically for Putin, despite all his efforts to turn such a scenario into an undesirable one, Ukraine today is much closer to becoming a full EU and NATO member than ever.
The European Parliament's Activities in European Union Foreign Policy
Authors: Witkowska Marta , Koldomasov Artur
Published: March 2024

Despite the restricted formal role of the European Parliament (EP) in foreign policy decision-making, the aim of this research is to demonstrate that the EP tries and can actively influence conflict management. Though this influence can only be informal, and cannot take the form of decisions with binding legal effects. In connection with the research goal thus defined, the authors hypothesize that the EP creates political discourse in order to mediatize the conflict using goal-framing and agenda-setting in social media. The research material includes, in addition to documents published in the EP's Public Register of Documents, primarily posts on the EP's social media. The European Parliament's aspirations to expand the scope of its powers in EU foreign policy and the EP's participation in managing the analyzed conflict through mediatization is especially evident in social media communication targeted towards citizens, related to the PE's activity in the field of rhetorical diplomacy.
Thou Shall Not Kill
Authors: Koumparoudis Evangelos Ioannis
Published: March 2024

This chapter aims in the presentation of the evolution of AI and robotic technologies with emphasis on those for military use and the main strategic agendas of various superpowers like USA, China, and Russia, as well as peripheral powers. The authors also refer to the uses of such technologies in the battlefield. The chapter also reveals the ethical dimensions of the current military AI technologies. It starts with the Mark Coeckelberg paper, to emphasize his call for a new approach to technoethics. Then, the authors will strive towards the ethical theory Neil C. Rowe, and his propositions for ethical improvement of algorithms. Finally, the authors pose the notions of electronic personhood proposed by Avila Negri, also touching upon the fact the legal debate tends to face an anthropomorphic fallacy. To conclude, Thou Shall Not Kill, the highest ‘'Levinasian Imperative'' closes the gap of the anthropomorphic fallacy, so our relationship with the killer machines be viewed as asymmetric, non-anthropomorphic, and non-zoomorphic.
America's Squid Game
Authors: Ivanov Iskren
Published: March 2024

The Korean Conflict has been among the most powerful pillars of the balance of power in Northeast Asia. Yet, that balance changed after North Korea launched its nuclear program. The American presence in the region, on the other side, has had considerable implications for South Korea's national security and its capabilities to defend. The purpose of this chapter is two-fold. First, it theorizes the security dilemma between North and South Korea and calculates the probability of nuclear escalation. Second, the chapter explores the effects of North Korea's nuclear program on the bilateral relations between Washington and Seoul, particularly regarding Pyongyang's consistent rapprochement with Russia. The most important point of this study is to challenge the statement that South Korea can effectively deter the North without achieving nuclear parity with Pyongyang. Finally, the chapter stresses the difference between the Korean Peninsula's old and new realities.
Designing Efficient and Effective Reverse Logistics Systems
Authors: Gurrala Kavitha Reddy
Published: March 2024

Reverse logistics systems engage in end-of-life product and materials management through facilitating movements from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value through recycling, re-manufacturing, repairs/refurbishments, re-processing, re-distribution, and re-sale. However, most of the reverse logistic systems are designed in haste to comply with government legislations, to promote economic benefits, to fulfill customer requirements/expectations, and to enhance social/environmental performance. Thus, the systems often fail in execution as they are designed without an in-depth consideration for holistic planning involving strategic, tactical, and operational decisions. Hence, an in-depth study is needed to understand the directives/initiatives at various levels, i.e., strategic, tactical, and operational planning levels for efficient and effective RL systems design through multiple case studies for efficient recovery of e-waste within the electric and electronics equipment manufacturing sector.
Strategic Elements of Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: March 2024

The sustainability of supply chain management is a growing concern due to global value chains becoming more critical for economic and social development. This has led to increased attention on how to enhance the sustainability of supply chains. Therefore, sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) is a rapidly growing field for research and exploration. SSCM concept aims to achieve environmental responsibility by incorporating environmentally sustainable practices in supply chain operations. But this may remain a distant dream without a comprehensive understanding of the strategic elements of SSCM. Hence, adopting a systematic literature review approach with content analysis, the aim of this chapter is to identify the strategic elements of SSCM and do a critical review of them so that the barriers in SSCM can be overcome to pave the way for achieving sustainable development goals in the near future.
Leveraging Opportunities for Developing Environmentally Responsible Supply Chains Through the Application of Digital Technologies
Authors: Ramakrishna Yanamandra , Srivatsava Babita , Wahab Siti Norida , Vasta Mehak
Published: March 2024

An environmentally responsible supply chain refers to the integration of environmentally friendly practices and principles into the various stages of the supply chain process. This includes sourcing raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, distribution, and end-of-life disposal or recycling. The goal is to minimize the environmental impact and meeting customer demands, maintaining economic viability. Sustainable sourcing, energy efficiency, waste reduction, transportation efficiency, collaboration with suppliers, product design for sustainability, compliance with environmental regulations transparency and reporting, continuous improvement are some of the supply chain practices to make supply chains environmentally responsible. Due to their inherent weaknesses the existing linear and traditional supply chains are found to be not focusing on the environment. Therefore, there is a need for exploring the opportunities to make supply chains to be environmentally responsible. This chapter focuses on the application of digital technologies to make supply chains environmentally responsible.
Environment and Finance Effects in Supply Chains With Alternative Shipment Strategies
Authors: Öztürk Harun
Published: March 2024

This chapter examines the ways that firms decide on inventory-level activities in dealing with global markets and investigates the effects of alternative shipment strategies on carbon emissions arising from inventory management and transportation. The authors develop new mathematical models incorporating salvage, substitution and outsourcing of items of imperfect quality, and the influence of fluctuating exchange rates between firms within the framework of a joint economic policy for lot-sizing in an imperfect production system. An optimization algorithm is constructed, and the authors investigate related properties to analyse the consequences of alternative shipment strategies and associated profits through three models. They demonstrate that a firm's optimum inventory level varies according to currency exchange rates and that differing shipment policies can lead to greater total profit in the supply chain. They discuss the implications of the models for firms' policies and show insights that operations managers and executives can refer to in handling global supply chains.
Examining Sustainable Packaging Designs in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Jones Augustus , Cai Yingdan (Catherine) , Kamasak Rifat
Published: March 2024

This chapter investigates implementing sustainable supply chain management in packaging design within the automotive manufacturing industry. The study identifies how sustainable automotive packaging can enhance packaging design, explores the main design features, and proposes a sustainable automotive packaging model. Therefore, drawing on an in-depth case study of a leading luxury automotive manufacturer in the UK (United Kingdom), this paper examines the determinants of packaging in line with sustainable supply chain management principles and offers a unique model design. The findings suggest that four areas, including internal features, external features, design functionality and handling, influence sustainable automotive packaging design in the supply chain. The chapter contributes to the current literature with an evidence-based sustainable automotive packaging model. It also provides a framework for green supply chain management concerning packaging in the automotive industry.
Perception About Inventory Management and Control at Quick Service Restaurants
Authors: Saha Saibal Kumar , Roy Arun
Published: March 2024

India's quick service restaurant market has expanded significantly in recent years. For small-scale QSRs, inventory management continues to be an essential challenge. Inventory management enhances the efficiency of business operations by influencing the stockpile and supply of essential products and materials. The research aims to highlight the importance of inventory control and management in QSRs. Primary data was collected from 120 operational QSRs in Bangalore in Karnataka and 30 from Kottayam in Kerala. It was found that most of the respondents felt that proper inventory management and control could help to improve their service quality and help to reduce costs. It has been found that the factors service, savings, and risk have a strong positive correlation with inventory cost. Several techniques and strategies like techniques for cooking with no waste, menu planning with fewer ingredients, networks for local sourcing, matching demand and supply through seasonal planning have been identified to increase the performance of QSRs.
The Technology Impacts and AI Solutions for the Tourism Industry
Authors: Darwish Dina
Published: March 2024

The advent of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has sparked a significant transformation within the tourism and hospitality sector. The prevalence of travel websites, which are known for their open sharing of information, has been established for a considerable duration. These platforms are now facilitating the adoption of increasingly advanced intelligent systems within the tourism and hospitality industry. Given the intricate nature of decision-making processes in the context of travel, intelligent systems and tourism are highly compatible. The advent of service automation, artificial intelligence, and robotics has presented tourism companies and organizations with a plethora of novel prospects. The utilization of artificial intelligence in different sectors of the tourism industry has been observed to a certain degree. However, there remains a limited amount of scholarly literature available on this topic. This chapter aims to further explore the emerging field of artificial intelligence applications in the tourism industry, as well as the key trends in this field.
Predictive Analytics for Heritage Site Visitor Patterns
Authors: Nag Aditi , Mishra Smriti
Published: March 2024

This study explores the relationship between predictive analytics and heritage site management, using a survey conducted across four Indian heritage cities involving 893 participants. The research uses advanced predictive modelling techniques and IoT technologies to understand visitor interactions at heritage sites. The study emphasises cultural sensitivity and the impact of diverse cultural backgrounds on visitor behaviours. It provides a comprehensive understanding of heritage site engagement, promoting long-term sustainability and informed strategic planning, conservation efforts, and community engagement initiatives. The research also explores climate change's impact on visitor patterns, integrating climate-related variables into predictive models to facilitate adaptive heritage site management. This study not only advances the theoretical understanding of predictive analytics in heritage site contexts but also offers practical, ethical, and culturally informed strategies for sustainable heritage management and safeguarding cultural heritage for future generations.
Culture, Society, and Food Waste
Authors: Paatlan Sandeep , Ranga Jayati
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that contribute to food waste, with a particular focus on the role that culture and society play. The ultimate objective is to not only lessen the effects of food waste, but also to lessen its incidence. This study fits in with the rising recognition that a more sustainable and responsible approach to food consumption and waste management may be achieved via a knowledge of and an influence on cultural norms and social behaviors. The research makes a modest but important addition to the worldwide effort to reduce food waste by advocating for fundamental shifts in how we approach, manage, and value nutrition.
From Trash to Treasure
Authors: Saxena Sanjeev Kumar , Priya Nishi
Published: March 2024

This chapter is a product of the principal author's extensive first-hand experience, gained during his tenure at both Jaypee Hotels & Resorts and Indian Hotel Company limited and co-author experience at Taj Hotels & Resorts and also their interactions with colleagues occupying the senior management role in various hotels. This chapter explores the transformative evolution of waste management practices within the hotel industry, highlighting the shift from conventional approaches to contemporary innovations. The study emphasizes the enduring impact of these evolving practices and identifies key strategies, including technology integration, zero-waste goals, supplier engagement, community involvement, continuous improvement, green procurement, waste-to-energy innovations, and guest engagement. By examining these facets, the chapter illustrates how hotels have not only reduced their environmental footprint but also set a benchmark for sustainable business practices.
Strategies for Food Marketing in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ranjan Aditya , Chaturvedi Priya
Published: March 2024

In a world confronted by an expanding global population, there is an ever-mounting urgency to address the interconnected issues of food production, distribution, and consumption within the context of sustainability. The chapter delves deep into the intricate relationships between marketing strategies, food waste reduction, sustainable disposal methods, and their alignment with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The chapter synthesizes a vast body of knowledge, offering readers a holistic understanding of the multifaceted relationships between marketing strategies, food waste, sustainable disposal, the circular economy, and the sustainable development goals. It aims to provide academics, researchers, and industry professionals with actionable insights and concrete examples of how marketing can be harnessed to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. The goal is to contribute to a sustainable, responsible, and equitable global food system while aligning with the broader aspirations of the sustainable development goals.
Sustainability in Hospitality
Authors: Kapil Saumya , Varghese Bindi
Published: March 2024

With the rising popularity and a surge in demand for the “City of Lakes” Udaipur, the lake ecosystem has become vulnerable to various anthropogenic activities and pollution. The restricted structure of hotels on the lakefront faces various challenges in maintaining environmental regulations. This chapter explores hotels on the lakeside in Udaipur, which includes heritage hotels and modern accommodations, and their sustainability practices, such as energy efficiency, waste management, water conservation, and eco-design in hospitality architecture. Best practices in Udaipur's hospitality industry are explored through observation, document analysis, and interviews. The chapter establishes how circular economy builds environmental quality while regenerating resources. The implications of the study indicate a transformation of tourism governance in Udaipur by local authorities and academicians, which indeed can contribute to achieving a destination's well-being by addressing the challenges posed by the thriving tourism economy.
The Elephant in the Room: The Often Neglected Relevance of Speciesism in Bias Towards Ethnic Minorities and Immigrants
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Safdar Saba
Published: March 2024

The area of intergroup bias and, specifically attitudes towards ethnic minorities and/or immigrants, has received a great amount of investigation by (cross-cultural) psychologists, spanning many theories and perspectives (Hewstone et al., 2002). However, one perspective rarely taken in mainstream psychology is one that acknowledges the inter-linkage of bias towards ethnic minorities and/or immigrants and that towards non-human animals (NHAs), despite relatively substantial literature outside of psychology emphasizing it (Singer, 2002). In the present paper, we draw from relevant literature outside and inside of psychology that speaks to the connectivity between attitudes towards marginalized human outgroups and NHAs, focusing on the mechanism of dehumanization in intergroup bias. We also shed light on more recent psychological research, specifically the Interspecies Model of Prejudice (IMP; Costello & Hodson, 2010; Costello & Hodson, 2014a; 2014b) as an example on how psychological research could incorporate speciesism into the discussion of intergroup bias. It is hoped that highlighting the existing rare, yet valuable, research endeavours within psychology inspires further engagement from psychologists interested in cross-cultural, intersectional, and diversity research in order to help better the lives of both marginalized human outgroups and NHAs.
Principales factores biológicos y de manejo que afectan la productividad primaria y secundaria de pasturas sembradas en un clima sub-tropical húmedo
Authors: Zanoniani R. , García-Favre J. , M. Cadenazzi , Boggiano P.
Published: March 2024

Con el objetivo de evaluar la producción animal y vegetal de pasturas sembradas se evaluó durante 4 años una mezcla de Festuca arundinacea, Lotus corniculatus y Trifolium repens, manejadas a tres dotaciones animales (2, 4, 6 novillos ha-1). Se utilizó un DBCA con tres bloques dispuestos según la pendiente, las variables fueron analizadas mediante Anava, y árboles de clasificación y decisión (CART) con el paquete estadístico R. Del análisis mediante árboles de decisión del comportamiento de la producción de forraje surge que independientemente de la edad y dotación animal la mayor respuesta vegetal y animal se relacionó con la estación del año. La primavera presentó la mayor producción primaria y secundaria, explicada por inicialmente una alta radiación incidente, precipitaciones de 400 mm y hasta 24 ºC. Con dichas condiciones las variables de manejo que determinaron las mayores producciones fue el forraje desaparecido, indicando que el mismo se encuentra altamente relacionado a la calidad fotosintética del forraje remanente. En el resto de las estaciones (verano, otoño, invierno) las mayores producciones de forraje se alcanzaron con disponibles del orden de los 2000 kg/ha MS y los mínimos con situaciones extremas de 700 kg/ha MS. La producción de carne presentó similar comportamiento que la producción de forraje, siendo la primavera la estación de mayor productividad, cargas a cercanas a 1150 kg/ha de PV permitieron lograr producciones del orden de los 485 kg/ha de PV. Este comportamiento refuerza el mantenimiento de altas cargas en las estaciones de alta producción de forraje (primavera) para mantener la eficiencia fotosintética y calidad d las pasturas para lograr altas producciones de carne por superficie y la necesidad de terminar los animales antes del verano.
Identification and Packaging Elastomeric Products
Authors:   AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification provides requirements for the identification and packaging of sheet, strip, extrusions, and molded parts made of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, reclaimed rubber, and combinations of the above with other materials such as asbestos, cork, and fabrics. AMS2817 covers preferred requirements for identification and packaging of preformed packings.
Analysis of cases of suicide by self-immolation in the post-mortem material of the Department of Forensic Medicine in Cracow
Authors: Klimaszewska Katarzyna , Jakubiec Patrycja , Kotlarek aneta , Wojturska Wiktoria , Buś Zuzanna , Nosal Aleksandra , Konopka Tomasz
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study: Analysis of self-immolation cases and distribution of the resulting burns and their degree.
Material and methods: The study included 16 cases from the Department of Forensic Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Cracow from 2000-2022 in which the cause of death was self-immolation. Based on the analysis of photographs and autopsy reports, drawings were made showing the exact distribution and nature of the injuries, moreover, the approximate percentage of body surface area affected was determined as well as the frequency of involvement of specific areas of the body, and the presence of previous diseases and mental disorders including previous suicide attempts.
Results: 81% of victims were male. Two age groups were predominant among the cases analyzed, namely, individuals around the age of 20, and those between 50 and 60 years of age. 44% of the deceased had burns exceeding 80% of total body surface. The most frequently involved body areas were the extremities and chest as well as head and neck. Fourth-degree burns were most prevalent on the head and neck, third-degree burns prevailed on the upper and lower extremities, second-degree burns were mostly found on the chest, and first-degree burns - on the lower extremities. There were no cases of fourth-degree burns of the buttocks. 38% of the subjects had a history of substance abuse, 56% suffered from mental illnesses, whereas 31% attempted suicide in the past.
Conclusions: The distribution of burns in self-immolation cases is inhomogeneous. The most frequently affected area was the head, neck, chest and extremities, most likely due to victims dousing themselves with a flammable substance from the top of the head through the chest. In all cases, the immediate cause of death was burn disease, regardless of the size of the body surface area affected by the burns. The majority of victims had a history of mental illness, substance abuse or suicide attempts.
Dispersion of acid without gastric perforation on ingestion of toilet cleaner: a rare autopsy case
Authors: Thakral Sahil , Pathak
Published: March 2024

Toilet cleaner containing hydrochloric acid is a common item found in households all over the world. Due to the availability of the substance, it becomes one of the main contributors to corrosive damage to the gastrointestinal system. This study reports a case of a female in her 50s with an alleged history of ingestion of toilet cleaner an empty bottle of which was found together with a suicide note at the incident site. During the autopsy, the forensic expert made an intriguing observation regarding the dispersion of ingested acid to other organs without gastric perforation. Despite the absence of gastric perforation, the corrosive effects of the ingested acid were evident in various organs, including the liver and spleen. This phenomenon suggests a unique mechanism by which the acid is able to disperse and cause damage beyond the stomach, leading to widespread organ involvement. However, through a comprehensive analysis of the detailed history, typical macroscopic autopsy findings, and chemical analysis reports, it is possible to establish that the cause of death is corrosive acid poisoning. In such cases, further investigation is warranted to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the dispersion of the acid and its clinical implications. By delving deeper into these aspects, we can enhance our knowledge and contribute to the field of forensic medicine.
Names in India: History, Colonialism, Renaming, Contemporary Issues
Authors: Embleton Sheila
Published: March 2024

With a population of just over 1.4 billion, India has just become the most populous country in the world, and the seventh largest by land area (3,287,263 sq. km). India has enjoyed a rapid recent rise to prominence on the world stage, both politically and economically. Yet very little is known by “Western” scholars about naming in India, whether naming of people or of places. India is a very diverse land, with many cultures, religions, languages, climates, and geographies. Added to this are India’s colonial past (British, French, Portuguese), various other rulers and influencers over the years (e.g., Mughals), social factors such as the caste system, all leading to very complicated systems of naming, with much regional and ethnic variation. This paper will give an overview of relevant history and colonial influences, before moving on to several phases of post-colonial renaming/respelling of toponyms (e.g., Bombay/Mumbai, Madras/Chennai). I will then turn to personal naming systems, looking at different systems as determined by social class and caste, religion, gender discrimination, and other features such as northern (Indo-European) vs. southern (Dravidian). Throughout, there will be attention to the sociological and sociopolitical contexts of contemporary India, as well as the influence of English and “Western” culture.
Baltic Germans in the Russian Imperial Navy: Navigators, Explorers, and Contributors to Place Naming
Authors: Ahrens Wolfgang , Embleton Sheila
Published: March 2024

From the 13th century onwards, Germans spread northeastwards along the Baltic coast, the area now occupied by Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, the St. Petersburg region of Russia, and Finland. Most of these Germans were active as merchants. While for most of this period Lithuania had Poland as an overlord and Finland had Sweden, in Estonia, Livonia, and Courland (now Estonia and Latvia) the Germans soon formed the ruling class. Not only were they merchants, landowners and military leaders, but they also basically formed the government of these regions. In 1710, Russia became the new overlord of these regions. As a result, the Germans in this area were obliged to serve in the Russian Imperial forces. The Germans rapidly gained leading positions in these forces. In the Russian Imperial Navy, Baltic German captains sailed in the North Pacific area, particularly along the coasts of Siberia and Alaska. We will look at some of these captains and their role in naming places they visited and having places named after them. Among the most prominent are Adam Johann von Krusenstern, Ferdinand von Wrangel, Fabian von Bellingshausen and Otto von Kotzebue.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS VIDEO ANIMASI MATERI PEMANASAN GLOBAL
Authors: Amalia Ayu , Perdana Riki
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran fisika berbasis video animasi pada materi pemanasan global. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang mengacu pada model pengembangan 4D (four-D) yang meliputi 3 tahap saja yaitu pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develop). Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket validasi. Angket tersebut digunakan untuk menguji kelayakan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Hasil pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis video animasi dinyatakan layak dengan persentase sebesar 92%. Dengan demikian media pembelajaran berbasis video animasi pada materi pemanasan global layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran fisika pada materi pemanasan global dengan revisi produk
Analisis Pemecahkan Masalah IPA Siswa SMP di Melawi
Authors: Permatasari Rindah , A Klara , Jona Pebri Hendrik , Cane Eka Marsanda
Published: March 2024

Pemecahan masalah merupakan alat utama dalam pembelajaran IPA. Setelah siswa mempelajari konsep-konsep IPA, diharapkan siswa tidak hanya menguasai konsep-konsep yang telah dipelajarinya akan tetapi dapat mengaplikasikan konsep-konsep tersebut dan menggunakan hubungan antar konsep yang satu dengan yang lainnya ke dalam berbagai situasi dan masalah berbeda. Tujuana dari penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah IPA Siswa SMP di Melawi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Tempat penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Pinoh Selatan dan SMP Kristen Ekklesia Nanga Pinoh 2. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri 2 Pinoh Selatan dan siswa SMP Kristen Ekklesia Nanga Pinoh dengan jumlah keseluruhannya berjumlah 41 orang peserta didik  yang terdiri atas 18 orang peserta didik dan SMP Kristen Ekklesia Nanga Pinoh dengan jumlah 23. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah IPA dan lembar wawancara Berdasarkan hasil tes pemecahan masalah, secara umum dapat diketahui bahwa rata-rata tingkat pemecahan masalah siswa tergolong rendah dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 24,68. Nilai tertinggi yang diperoleh siswa yaitu 50 sedangkan nilai terendah yang diperoleh siswa yaitu 3. Ditinjau dari hasil wawancara diketahui bahwa ternyata siswa tidak memiliki kesiapan dalam mengerjakan soal, tidak percaya dengan jawaban sendiri dan kurang dalam perhitungan matematis. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan penelitian diketahui bahwa hasil tes kognitif pemecahan masalah siswa, di peroleh rata-rata nilai pemecahan masalah yaitu 24,68 hal ini berbanding lurus dengan hasil wawancara metakognisi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan metakognisi dan efikasi siswa masih tergolong rendah.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: Chintyawati Sindy , Perdana Riki
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berupa RPP, LKPD, dan instrumen penilaian berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada materi suhu dan kalor untuk dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah RD (Research and Develop) dengan jenis penelitian 4D yaitu define, design, develop,  disseminate. Pada tahapan disseminate dilakukan penyebaran dengan mengirimkan artikel yang telah dibuat ke jurnal yang hendak dituju. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat penelitian yang telah dirancang terkategori sangat valid dengan persentase validasi RPP sebesar 84,46%, instrumen penilaian sebesar 78,78%, dan LKPD sebesar 82,48%. Perangkat pembelajaran dapat dikategorikan sangat valid jika  persentase validasi lebih besar dari 80%.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CUSTOM FOOT ORTHOSIS VERSUS PLACEBO ORTHOSIS ON CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN AMONG PATIENTS WITH FLATFEET: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Dones Valentin C. III , Caet Christoffer Von D. , Agdeppa Jenneli Natasha S. , De Guzman Jan Paolo J. , Dungo Anne Dessiree P. , Dupalco Jasmin Rose M. , Manggalo Janine Debianca T. , Melchor Hanjeriel D. , Tolentino Clarissa Louise R. , Torres Glendon Vince M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of foot orthosis in treating chronic low back pain among patients with flatfeet.

Methods: This systematic review followed the JBI methodology for systematic reviews and was registered with PROSPERO. The search strategy involved a three-step process to identify both published and unpublished studies from various databases without language or date restrictions. After title & abstract screening then full-text screening, selected studies were assessed for bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, with domains such as attrition, reporting, detection, selection, and performance bias considered. The data extraction was done using a standardized JBI tool, and statistical analysis utilized RevMan 5.4 software. The GRADE approach was employed to evaluate the certainty of evidence and outcomes included information on risk, relative risk, quality of evidence, and various factors influencing it.

Results: Out of 3,102 papers, only 2 were included in the study. With a total of 152 participants, 80 were assigned to the experimental group while 70 in the control group. Statistical analysis reveals a reduction in pain with a mean difference of 3.50 (95% CI, 95% CI, 4.04, 2.97) & improvement in disability with a mean difference of 13.87 (95% CI, 16.37, 11.37). No significant heterogeneity were calculated as indicated by an I² of 0%.

Discussion: Findings suggest that both CFO is more effective than placebo orthosis in treating back pain and disability. However, statistical analysis reveals that CFO is clinically significant in treating only back-pain related disability and not back pain per se. The review acknowledges a scarcity of compelling evidence from prior research, underscoring the necessity for additional research to confirm the broader effectiveness of foot orthotics in managing low back pain.
An improved chromosome-level genome assembly of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Chen Yutang , Kölliker Roland , Mascher Martin , Copetti Dario , Himmelbach Axel , Stein Nils , Studer Bruno
Published: March 2024

This work is an update and extension of the previously published article “Ultralong Oxford Nanopore Reads Enable the Development of a Reference-Grade Perennial Ryegrass Genome Assembly” by Frei et al. The published genome assembly of the doubled haploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotype Kyuss (Kyuss v1.0) marked a milestone for forage grass research and breeding. However, order and orientation errors may exist in the pseudo-chromosomes of Kyuss, since barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), which diverged 30 million years ago from perennial ryegrass, was used as the reference to scaffold Kyuss. To correct for structural errors possibly present in the published Kyuss assembly, we de novo assembled the genome again and generated 50-fold coverage high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data to assist pseudo-chromosome construction. The resulting new chromosome-level assembly Kyuss v2.0 showed improved quality with high contiguity (contig N50 = 120 Mb), high completeness (total BUSCO score = 99%), high base-level accuracy (QV = 50), and correct pseudo-chromosome structure (validated by Hi-C contact map). This new assembly will serve as a better reference genome for Lolium spp. and greatly benefit the forage and turf grass research community.
Pushover Analysis of Different Shapes of Symmetric and Asymmetric Reinforced Concrete Buildings as per BNBC 2020
Authors: Siddik S.M. Hedaetullah Bin , Jahan Disha Mst. Nusrat , Sutrodhar Arup
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is situated in an earthquake-active region. It is necessary to identify structures at risk of damage and implement an effective safety standard. This evaluation requires methods beyond simplified linear-elastic approaches. As the number of high-rise buildings is increasing daily, there is an urgent need to design structures considering seismic loading. Although different procedures are possible, to assess how well a structure performs, the non-linear static analysis, also referred to as Pushover Analysis (or collapse analysis), is seen as a practical method. In the present study, four different shapes of multistoried buildings were analyzed according to BNBC 2020. At first, a model was prepared; loading was done and analysis was run using Etabs v16.2.1 (structural analysis and design software). The results show that the effect of lateral loads due to earthquakes is different in the case of different building shapes and how a building behaves during earthquakes is mostly influenced by its overall geometry and shape.
The Personal Liability of Member for Decision making of Representative Administrative Agencies
Authors:   National Public Law Review, Jeong Hoon
Published: March 2024

Where needs arise to perform part of duties independently, an administratve agency may establish a representative administrative agency, such as administrative committee, etc., as prescribed by statutes. Such a a representative administrative agency or administrative committee makes decisions in the name of committee.
Therefore a member of committee doesn’t accept personal liability for decision making of representative administrative agencies. Nevertheless, there are a lot of cases where a member of committee is at risk of disciplinary punishment, criminal liability, civil liability for decision making of representative administrative agencies. A strict requirement for personal liability of a member should be established, even though decision making of representative administrative agencies is decided that it is illegal. It is such an example that certain member of committee manipulates, omits, overestimates, underestimates essential data for decision making by intention or gross negligence for one’s advantage or disadvantage or illegal decision making. Conclusionally, the personal liability of a member of committee can’t be accepted because that violates, independence, neutrality, fariness, autonomy of committee.
Monitoria acadêmica na formação do profissional de medicina: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Borges Evelyn Teixeira , Luchesi Hectore Molino , Do Nascimento Emerson André Negrão , Pereira Waltair Maria Martins
Published: March 2024

Os discentes de graduação em Medicina passam por altos níveis de estresse por enfrentar uma carga de trabalho acadêmica muito grande, devido o curso ser desenvolvido em tempo integral. A monitoria apresenta-se como positiva para o crescimento pessoal acadêmico e profissional desses discentes, atenuando problemas enfrentados durante a graduação, a partir da construção de relacionamentos e trocas de experiências dentro da Instituição de Ensino Superior. Este estudo buscou estabelecer o impacto da aplicação de programas de monitoria no processo de ensino e aprendizagem na graduação do curso de Medicina e de que maneira isso ocorre. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, utilizando diversos motores de busca como PUBMED, BVS e SciELO, bem como utilizando o método PICo. Foram selecionados 14 (catorze) artigos que abordavam o foco do trabalho, disponibilizando pontos positivos e pontos negativos da execução da monitoria. Analisou-se os métodos de aplicação e a avaliação dos impactos da monitoria acadêmica, a repercussão no ambiente acadêmico e o desenvolvimento de habilidades a partir do programa. Foi observado que, a maioria dos artigos, relatam tanto que discentes monitores e discentes não monitores relataram obter ganhos significativos com a participação nos projetos de monitoria, mesmo naqueles que ainda estavam em implementação efetiva em algumas Instituições de Ensino Superior. A participação de discentes de Medicina em programas de monitoria tem despertado maior interesse dos discentes e tende a se tornar experiência única de troca de conhecimento entre discentes que estão cursando semestres mais adiantados com os discentes de semestres inferiores aos dos monitores. Assim, foi possível analisar diversos parâmetros de implementação da monitoria, tendo sido percebido que a monitoria se apresenta como método eficaz de ensino-aprendizagem.