bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Ação Popular como Objeto de Estudo em Teses e Dissertações no Brasil: Um Balanço da Produção Acadêmica (2010-2019)
Authors: Lima Náthani Siqueira , Gantos Marcelo Carlos , Martínez Silvia Alicia
Published: May 2022

No Brasil, a Ação Popular (AP) é uma garantia constitucional, com previsão no art. 5º, LXXIII, e confere a qualquer cidadão a legitimidade na provocação do Judiciário para a proteção do patrimônio público. O presente artigo apresenta um balanço da produção científica nacional, especificamente das teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado, dos últimos dez anos, sobre a Ação Popular. Sistematiza e analisa, a partir do Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, os trabalhos que elegeram o instituto como objeto central de estudo e investiga de que forma o abordaram. A partir dos dados encontrados, o procedimento de análise consistiu em caracterizar as pesquisas a partir de categorias temáticas, além de ter explicitado outras informações, como regime jurídico das instituições de ensino, distribuição por região geográfica e metodologia utilizada. Como principal resultado identificou-se a baixa produção acadêmica em relação ao tema, concentrando-se em instituições privadas de ensino, no Sudeste e Sul do país, e nos cursos de mestrado.
La función social del cine en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: García Benítez Carlos
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo propone una serie de reflexiones en torno al cine y cómo se reconfiguró durante la pandemia del Covid-19 en nuestro país. El cine, como industria convoca varios ámbitos, entre los más sobresalientes, la producción, la distribución y la exhibición. En este último, los públicos juegan un papel importante. Desde que el cine apareció no dejó de sorprender por las distintas funciones sociales que ha cumplido para los públicos. No obstante, con la llegada del coronavirus, durante el confinamiento, otras funciones parecieron revelarse, en este texto proponemos algunas de ellas, con el interés de que ayuden a pensar el cine, como un fenómeno de la comunicación dinámico, vigoroso, en el contexto de la pandemia y de cara a la llamada nueva normalidad.
Nuevos hábitos, prácticas, modos de apropiación y rituales de consumo de películas mexicanas en tiempos de pandemia: un estudio de caso en Monterrey, Nuevo León
Authors: Hinojosa Córdova Lucila
Published: May 2022

El objetivo general de esta investigación fue identificar y analizar los hábitos, prácticas, modos de apropiación y rituales de consumo de las películas mexicanas de los habitantes del área metropolitana de Monterrey que permanecieron recluidos por la pandemia del COVID-19, en un contexto de cierre masivo de las salas de cine dadas las restricciones provocadas por la pandemia y, paradójicamente, ante una creciente nueva época de oro para el cine mexicano. Esta investigación se realizó con un enfoque cualitativo; es un estudio exploratorio en el que se utilizó la técnica de la entrevista en profundidad. La muestra fueron 43 sujetos voluntarios, adultos recluidos en casa, de ambos sexos y en un rango de edades de entre 41 y 86 años. Los resultados muestran que el cambio fue más significativo entre los adultos de la tercera edad, quienes mencionaron que para ellos ir a las salas de cine significaba mucho, ya que, junto a la asistencia a los casinos, eran sus únicas distracciones antes de la pandemia, aunque también mencionaron estarse acostumbrando ahora a ver películas en la televisión vía las plataformas de streaming, particularmente en Netflix, aunque sienten que no dominan la tecnología para su disfrute. En cuanto al consumo de películas mexicanas, a los adultos mayores no les gustan mucho las nuevas películas, siguen prefiriendo las de la Época de Oro del siglo pasado y, si bien mencionaron que en las que han visto recientemente observan que en cierta forma representan la realidad de nuestro país, dijeron que por su temática consideran van dirigidas a un público más joven.
La dimensión narrativa de la videollamada: un estudio de los actos de habla fílmicos en dos cortometrajes de Carlos Trujano.
Authors: Coghi Andrea
Published: May 2022

En el presente ensayo se considerarán dos cortometrajes del cineasta emergente Carlos Trujano producidos durante el contexto pandémico. Se destacará su doble valor en cuanto ejemplos de un método de desarrollo del trabajo fílmico durante los meses del encierro y por su fuerza narrativa, la cual involucra y desarrolla el potencial de la videollamada como medio de representación narrativa, contraparte ficcional del uso práctico que este canal de comunicación ha alcanzado en los últimos años. Gracias a una adaptación audiovisual del marco teórico de la teoría de los ‘actos de habla en la ficción literaria’, descrita en algunas obras de H. Miller, se analizará la manera en la que las dos obras Videollamada y Lucía y Luís de Trujano, en colaboración con la compañía Coteatro de la B.U.A.P., proponen dos formas alternativas de emplear el poder imaginativo del cortometraje y del medio de la videollamada, haciendo hincapié, en el primer caso, en la imitación de las dinámicas cotidianas crudamente vinculadas con la histeria colectiva relacionada con el Coronavirus y, en el segundo caso, en la posibilidad de construir una historia de ciencia ficción de gran poder emocional alrededor de una llamada de video. Se podrán identificar así dos extremos opuestos de los usos significativos de la mímesis artística y del acto performativo cinematográfico generados con la misma técnica y con medios bastante parecidos, así también se vincularán estas dimensiones con algunas consideraciones sobre el uso creativo de los medios de comunicación remota.
La industria del cine en España. Estado de la cuestión en tiempos de pandemia y pospandemia en los ámbitos de producción, distribución y exhibición
Authors: Carballo Sánchez Antonio
Published: May 2022

Se plantea detalladamente el estado de la cuestión que presenta la industria del cine en España en sus ámbitos específicos de producción, distribución y exhibición. El autor desarrolla pormenorizadamente la situación del cine en España, y a continuación también la situación de la televisión en su vertiente estrechamente relacionada con el cine. Posteriormente se reproducen algunas entrevistas realizadas a los protagonistas más representativos de la industria del cine, personificados en productores, distribuidores y exhibidores. El trabajo remite más adelante a referencias muy numerosas publicadas en el portal CineyTele.com sobre pandemia y postpandemia tanto en el ámbito español como iberoamericano en su conjunto, finalizando con una bibliografía básica sobre la temática desarrollada.
Panorama de la producción cinematográfica en Cuba durante el contexto del Covid-19
Authors: Izquierdo Sánchez Ernesto
Published: May 2022

La aparición del Covid-19 impuso un reto global en las dinámicas de vida de los seres humanos. El quehacer local del Séptimo Arte correría la misma suerte que los grandes monopolios del entretenimiento audiovisual al experimentar nuevos retos en los modos de producción. En este sentido, la creación cinematográfica en Cuba no estuvo exenta de reinventarse en sus rutinas con las particularidades propias del contexto. A las carencias materiales que implica mantener la producción en un país subdesarrollado se sumaban la crisis desplegada por el coronavirus. Por otra parte, el cierre de las pocas salas de cine en funcionamiento motivaría a utilizar métodos de difusión que ya se venían empleando con los cambios en los hábitos de consumo. A partir de entonces las redes sociales servirían de intermediario entre el público y el audiovisual. Por lo anterior expuesto, el presente ensayo pretende analizar el panorama de la industria cinematográfica en la isla durante la pandemia, con el objetivo de abordar el contexto y desarrollo experimentado por el cine cubano.
Concepts of limitation periods in UK and US law
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Malysheva Veronika G.
Published: May 2022

In the article the author analyzes the statute of limitations under Russian law and the law of Great Britain and the USA.The current legal regulation of limitation periods in Russia is based simultaneously on two mutually exclusive concepts: on the one hand, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation indicates that the application of limitation periods prescribes that the fact of violation of a right and the determination of the person who violated this right must be established, on the other hand, the Civil Procedural Code of the Russian Federation and the Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation provide for the possibility of terminating legal proceedings without examining the merits of the case and without examining the evidence. While each of these concepts is obviously acceptable, the combination of various tasks within the framework of one institution demonstrates the inconsistency of legislative regulation. In this regard, the study of other countries’ experience concerning the purpose of the institution is of particular importance. A comparative legal analysis carried out by the author illustrates that the law lacks a unified concept and ideology of a mechanism providing for the refusal to resolve a dispute in judicial proceedings due to the expiration of a certain period of time. In the law of Great Britain and the USA, there exist several mechanisms of limitation, each of which is based on certain principles and operates according to its own rules. In the framework of this article, the author attempts a comprehensive comparative legal analysis of the statute of limitations in order to provide a basis for finding an answer to the question concerning the legal nature of the modern institute of limitation in Russian law
The ecologization of the Chinese Civil Code
Authors:   University of Antwerp, Zhu Mingzhe
Published: May 2022

Although the emergence of sustainability development in civil law has triggered substantial discussion, scarce literature is available in English on the introduction of ecological norms to the newly promulgated Chinese Civil Code, which came into force at the beginning of 2021. This article intends to fill the gap by providing an overview of the structure and significance of the principles and rules designed to render the Civil Code more adaptable to the global urgency of sustainable development. The ecological principle added to the Civil Code is designed to promote public interests rather than individual liberty. Unlike other civil law principles, the ecological principle needs to be scientifically justified, which no longer depends only on judicial discretion. Regarded as a continuation of the movement for socialization, the ecological principle contributes to the global trend of questioning anthropocentrism in law and manifests itself in a new understanding of human activity. Ecologizing the Civil Code entails a methodological agenda that incorporates more pragmatic, coherent, and policy-oriented argumentation in judicial practice. Moreover, it entails an ontological agenda, still in formation, that urges us to recognize the inevitable connections between human and nonhuman worlds on the ontological side. Within the scope of this principle, the section of the Civil Code on property law imposes the duty to act in accordance with the necessity of resource conservation and environmental protection. It is also predictable that stricter limitations will be imposed on property rights, in the name of good neighborliness. State intervention by courts due to ecological considerations will become more frequent in contractual disputes. Finally, the Code introduces the notions of punitive liability and pure environmental harm, which diverge from the classical continental tradition of understanding civil liability. Despite the theoretical novelties, the question of to what extent civil adjudication can achieve a comprehensive ecological transformation still needs to be scrutinized.
The key institutions regulated in book one (the General part) of the Polish Civil Code
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Grykiel Jarosław
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief description of selected issues from the General part of the Polish Civil Code which regulates a number of general institutions applicable in all other areas of civil law, especially in property law, the law of obligations, inheritance law or family law, and also in other parts of widely understood private law including commercial law or intellectual property law. Firstly, the article presents the definition and a general overview of the subjects of civil law (individuals, legal persons, including the State Treasury, limited liability companies and joint stock companies, cooperatives, foundations, universities or local government units, and finally the so called “statutory” persons). Then, the author turns to the definition and general overview of the objects of civil law relationships (especially tangibles and intangibles, movables and immovables, things specified as to their identity and things specified as to their kind, and finally the enterprise being an organized complex of tangible and intangible assets). The last part of the article deals with the construction of representation in civil law transactions (including representation by a company’s body, by a proxy and the construction of joint mixed representation), the main principles of representation, the legal consequences of improper representation, the particular forms of acts in law (such as the document form, the ordinary written form, the electronic form, the written form with a certified date, the written form with certified signatures, and the notarial deed) and different consequences of not complying therewith (ad solemnitatem, ad eventum and ad probationem).
Impact of European law on Polish company law
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Napierała Jacek
Published: May 2022

Since Poland’s accession to the European Union, European law has become part of the legal system in force in Poland. Treaties and regulations are directly applicable, whereas directives and recommendations require implementation into Polish law. Polish courts are obliged to apply and interpret European company law and to interpret Polish company law in such a way that it complies with European law. If in doubt as to the interpretation of European company law, the courts may — and in some cases must — refer a question to the Court of Justice of the European Union for a preliminary ruling. The judgment of the Court is binding on the courts of all Member States. Polish companies may conduct business activity in another Member State and foreign companies may conduct business activity in Poland. Companies of the Member States may conduct their business activities by establishing companies under the provisions of European law, e. g., Societas Europaea. Societas Europaea (SE) is a European public limited company whose capital is divided into shares. The European company is a cross-border company that can operate in the EU countries alongside national public limited companies. The autonomous status of an SE in relation to domestic public limited-liability companies is determined by two circumstances: first, the SE’s personal statute (lex societatis), legal capacity and other elements of the SE’s legal status are determined by the regulation either directly or by indicating the ways to fill in the gaps in the regulation; second, the content of the regulation, which contains specific rules for the creation and operation of the SE, distinguishes it from national public limited-liability companies. European law also influences the legal situation of Russian citizens and companies who are partners (shareholders) of a company registered in a Member State.
Contracts in business transactions according to Polish law
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University, Rytelewska Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

The article aims to familiarize the Russian reader with the issue of contracts concluded by professional entities (entrepreneurs) under the Polish legal system. Undoubtedly, the majority of all contracts concluded by private law bodies are trade contracts. It should be noted that the concept of trade contracts covers contracts in which both parties are professionals as well as those in which only one of the parties acts as an entrepreneur conducting their business. The article discusses 8 contracts as follows: contract of agency, contract of consignment, contract of carriage, contract of forwarding, bailment, contract of storage, delivery contract and leasing contract. They are a compilation of typical contracts traditionally concluded in business transactions. Their choice was determined both by the scale of their use in practice and their importance for commercial activity. At the same time, as highlighted in the paper, due to the freedom of contract principle under the Polish law of obligations, these contracts may be (and often are) used as model solutions that entrepreneurs will rely on when entering into legal relations that are not explicitly indicated in the Polish legal system (so-called unnominated contracts). In conclusion, attention is drawn to the challenges the Polish legislator faces today in the field of contract law due to contemporary economic changes. Furthermore, the threats posed by both excessively strict legislation and a lack of proper regulation are identified along with a recommended solution aimed at reconciling these diverging positions. According to this suggestion, in order to grant a normative form to unnominated contracts, commonly concluded in business transactions, concrete measures should be taken only in the form of guidelines, non-binding proposals that can be used by entrepreneurs to guarantee a minimum level of protection for parties to such contracts.
Scorecard diagnostic tool for the enabling regulatory environment of faecal sludge management
Authors: Mbogo H. N. , Home P. G. , Raude J. M. , Mwangi R. W.
Published: May 2022

Expeditious situational analysis of the enabling regulatory environment (ERE) of faecal sludge management (FSM) is vital for strengthening sanitation systems. However, existing diagnostic tools employ broad indicators, neglecting the detailed assessment of the policy, legal and institutional frameworks for each step along the FSM chain. This paper presents a web-based integrated diagnostic tool for evaluating the quality and adequacy of policy in guiding equity, targeting of resources, quality of service, financial considerations and institutional roles and responsibilities. The tool evaluates the legal framework based on laws, standards and regulations emphasizing on means of enforcement. It evaluates the institutional framework based on investors, service providers, regulators and consumers as guided by the literature. Each indicator is assigned a score of 1: green (effective), 0.5: yellow (limited) and 0: red (poor) for the user interface, containment, emptying, transport, treatment, disposal and reuse of faecal sludge. Built on Laravel Framework Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), the tool links the scores into a single index averaged into terciles as 0–0.33 (poor), 0.34–0.66 (limited) and 0.67–1 (effective). This helps to identify areas of priority in a given context. The tool successfully facilitated a participatory pilot study in Kenya based on individual stakeholders' opinion. However, the tool does not provide the specific details leading to a given score. Therefore, its application should precede a detailed evaluation of each indicator in order to generate specific details per indicator per step of FSM.
Tres fuentes de silicio en la producción de biomasa del arroz (Oryza sativa L.) bajo condiciones controladas
Authors: Padilla-Castro Cesar Franco , Tomassini-Vidal Luis Rodrigo , Heros-Aguilar Elizabeth Consuelo
Published: May 2022

Un ensayo en macetas fue realizado en el campus de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, para evaluar el efecto de la ceniza de cascarilla de arroz, escoria básica de horno cuchara y silicato de potasio, en las propiedades químicas del suelo y en la biomasa del arroz (Oryza sativa L.) cv. ‘Fedearroz 60’, usando material de suelo procedente de un campo arrocero en Aucayacu, Huánuco, Perú. Las dosis fueron calculadas en base a la concentración de silicio biodisponible (SiA) de cada enmienda para lograr 100, 200 y 400 ppm (p / p) de SiA en suelo antes de la siembra, además de testigos sin aplicación de silicio. Se empleó un diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial de 3 × 4 en el que se evaluó la absorción de Si en tejidos, disponibilidad de SiA al final de la campaña, volumen radicular, habilidad de macollamiento, panículas por planta y espiguillas por panícula promedio. Se registraron las variaciones semanales de salinidad y pH en el material de suelo empleado como sustrato, así como las variaciones diarias de temperatura e intensidad luminosa. Se encontró que el silicato de potasio a 200 ppm incrementó sostenidamente el SiA en suelos y el Si en tejido; sin embargo, no hubo influencia en los componentes del rendimiento. La escoria básica también incrementó el SiA en suelos, pero presentó reacciones tóxicas severas en las dosis de 200 ppm y 400 ppm. La ceniza de cascarilla de arroz no influyó significativamente en los parámetros de silicio, ni en los componentes de rendimiento. Se concluyó que para las condiciones de suelo y clima en la que se desarrolló el experimento, el incremento en la concentración de silicio en suelo y tejidos, no influyó en los componentes del rendimiento del arroz. Pese a ello, la escoria presenta una extraordinaria capacidad encalante y la ceniza una gran cantidad de P, K y micronutrientes.
Modificación de la dinámica de la flora ción en piña (Ananas comosus L.) cv. ‘MD2’ por la acción de la aviglicina en la selva central del Perú
Authors: Bello-Amez Segundo , Borjas-Ventura Ricardo , Alvarado-Huamán Leonel , Bello-Medina Noel , Rebaza-Fernández Diana , Castro-Cepero Castro-Cepero , Julca-Otiniano Alberto
Published: May 2022

La piña (Ananas comosus) es una especie muy cultivada en diferentes países tropicales. Sin embargo, su floración natural es un evento fisiológico que puede dificultar la labor de cosecha, trayendo consigo problemas económicos. En tal sentido, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la Aviglicina sobre la floración de piña cv. ‘MD2’ en la selva central del Perú. Se estudiaron tres dosis (150 mg · L-1, 250 mg · L-1 y 350 mg · L-1) de Aviglicina (AVG) (producto comercial Retain 15 %), con 6 y 11 aplicaciones. En general, los resultados confirman la aparición de floración natural (FN) en condiciones de Satipo. Las altas dosis de AVG (250 mg · L-1 y 350 mg · L-1) inhibieron la aparición de las inflorescencias durante casi todas las evaluaciones, especialmente con once aplicaciones comparadas con el tratamiento sin AVG ni TIF (Tratamiento de inducción floral) (FN). Asimismo, FN presentó tres periodos con tasas relativa de aparición de inflorescencias (TRAI) diferentes, siendo la primera la que tuvo mayor TRAI y mayor duración (42 días). Finalmente, se concluye que la aplicación de AVG tuvo un efecto significativo en el retardo de la aparición de las inflorescencias, motivo por el cual se sugiere su aplicación en el cultivo de piña. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios para seguir profundizando el conocimiento sobre el manejo de este regulador de crecimiento.
Assessment of Risk Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease -19 in Taif Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdelmutalab Nuha A.
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) is one of the pandemics registered for 2020, with the entire world affected. COVID 19 disease is diagnosed based on symptoms and risk factors, and both swab and RT-PCR tests are available to confirm the disease. The aim of this study was to the underlying health issues which might be connected to development of severe COVID19.A retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary hospital (Corona center) in Saudi Arabia from August 2020 to December 2020 to identify the risk factors of mortality in ICU admitted COVID-19 patients and to assess the underlining sociodemographic and medical conditions that may lead to the development of severe COVID-19. Data was collected from patients' medical records. In this study, 174 subjects were recruited and 71.3% of the population is male and 28.7% as female. Survival was 52%, whereas non-survivors was 48%. The average age was 57.7±16.0 years old. The most common clinical manifestations were shortness of breath (75.9%), cough (67.8%), and fever (64.9%). T2DM was one of the highest co-morbidities was documented. Binary logistic regression analysis confirmed both the age and fever showed the positive association (p<0.05) and the serum parameters such as CRP, d dimer, neutrophils and lymphocytes showed the elevated levels and positive association (p<0.05). In conclusion, the current study results confirmed HTN, CKD, and heart disease comorbidities all played a substantial impact in the development of COVID-19, and that older age (>60 years) also played a role in COVID 19 patients. Saudi Arabia is one of the nations that has successfully managed the COVID 19.
A Rare and Unique Case Report of Two-Year- Old Suffering From West Syndrome
Authors: Pandey Pooja
Published: May 2022

Infantile spasms or West syndrome, may be a serious and severe sort of neurological disease that generally affect infants who are younger than 2 years. West syndrome, or infantile spasms syndrome may be an oft ruinous infantile epileptic neurological disease with a range of aetiologies. We are reporting a 10 months old male child who is a known case of seizure disorder for 6 months and came with the chief complaints of spam of upper and lower limb, 2-3 episodes per day, which last for 3-4 min for 5 months. The history included that the baby did not cry immediately after birth and was shifted to Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and was on ventilator support for 15 days and then discharged. Later at 4 months of age baby started developing convulsions, electroencephalogram (EEG) was done which suggested of epileptic encephalopathy along with hypsarrhythmia. Post EEG baby developed respiratory distress for which he was shifted to Paediatrics intensive care unit (PICU), kept on nil by mouth (NBM) and on oxygen support by nasal prongs, treatment started. Patient was hemodynamically stable and hence being discharged.
Screening of Some Local Traditional Plants for their Antitumor and Antibacterial Activities Against the Global Emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Alshamrani Rahma I.
Published: May 2022

Saudi Arabia flora has many medicinal plants which are traditionally used in inhibition of many human pathogens. Echinops macrochaetus (Camel thistle) and Xanthium spinosum (Spiny cocklebur) from the Asteraceae family and Lemongrass (Oymbopogon citrates) from the Gramineae family are one of the local plants which are quite popular but less studied scientfically. Hence in the present work, they were analysed for their medicinal efficacies , for which they were collected and extracted using either hot water or organic solvents (n-butanol, diethyl ether andethyl acetate). The antibacterial activities of the previous plants extracts were detected and the methanolic extract of the three tested plants gave excellent inhibition of the tested bacterial pathogen, Escherichia coli while the aqueous extracts recorded the lowest bacterial inhibition. The susceptibility of the tested bacteria to the three methanolic plant extracts and control antibiotic was tested using agar well diffusion method. The methanolic extract of Echinops recorded excellent antibacterial activity while Xanthium and Oymbopogon recorded moderate activities against the Gram negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis in addition to the Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The mean antibacterial activities (bacterial index) was maximum for the methanol extract of Echinops (21.8 mm) followed by Xanthium (13.8 mm) and Oymbopogon (12.5 mm). Moreover, In vitro MTT test and Neutral Red assays were used to detect any antitumor activities of the three tested plant extracts. Echinops extract showed excellent antitumor activity against two cell lines, MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) with no toxicity (recorded using Artimia salina for the assay). Also, using fluorescein diacetate microdilution method, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentrations of the methanolic extract of Echinops, ciprofloxacin and their mixture were calculated. FIC index ranged from 0.89-1.15 that means there is an additive effect between Echinops extract and ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, the results show that Echinops methanolic extract single or mixed with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin demonstrated excellent inhibitory activities for all tested urinary tract pathogenic bacteria.
Incidence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammed Maimuna Sidi
Published: May 2022

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a serious health problem that affects people of all ages and genders globally. A study was carried out to determine the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients present at AKTH with UTI from January 2019 to January 2020. The study aimed to determine the incidence and identify the infective uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Urine samples were collected from 128 (Male 63) patients ranging from 0 to 84 years. Culture plates with bacteria count greater than or equal to 1×105 cfu-ml-1 were taken as positive for UTI. The bacteria isolates were identified based on colony morphology characteristics, gram stain reaction and biochemical tests. The identified bacteria were then tested in vitro with standard antibiotics disc to determine their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. The result showed that 35 (27.3%) out of 128 patients investigated had UTIs. The urine culture of 65 female patients resulted in 24(36.9%) positive samples, while 11 (17.5%) of the 63 males had significant bacteriuria. Escherichia coli constituted the predominant organism and was responsible for 24(68.7%) of the cases of UTI. The other encountered uropathogens were Klebsiella sp. 5(14.3 %), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 2(5.5%). One sample (2.9%) each was found to have Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Enterococcus fecalis and Salmonella sp., respectively. All gram-negative bacteria were highly-sensitive to Meropenem and Gentamicin and were mostly-resistant to Piperacillin. Gram-positive organisms were sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, and Cefoxitin and resistant to Erythromycin. The highest incidence (39.1%) of UTI was found in the age range (10 – 19 years), with a significant gender difference.
Defluoridation of Groundwater with the Help of Azadirachta indica leaves as Bioadsorbent in Korba, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Kashyap Krishna Kumar
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we have used a removal technique of fluoride from groundwater in Korba district, Chhattisgarh, using thermally activated neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves as adsorbents. For this purpose, we collected the groundwater sample in January–March 2021. The Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE) technique was used to assess the fluoride concentration in groundwater samples. Neem leaves were efficient at removing fluoride in this study. Fluoride has a split personality in the human system, having a damaging impact when fluoride concentration is more than 1.5 mg/L, causing dental and skeletal fluorosis, and a positive effect when concentration is less than 1.0 mg/L, causing caries preclusion, and health promotion. This small project provides the outcomes of a study on neem leaf powder for water defluoridation. The analysis here discusses the applicability of inexpensive leaf adsorbents for successfully remediating fluoride contaminated water: contact time, pH, and adsorbent concentration all influence fluoride ion sorption effectiveness. The effects of treated leaf powder on pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time with aqueous solutions containing 2.28–10.04 mg/L fluoride ions were investigated. Fluoride adsorption is most substantial at pH 2. Fluoride removal diminishes dramatically when the pH exceeds 2. At adsorbent doses of 10 g/L, the necessary time for fluoride ion adsorption equilibrium is 120 minutes, and the highest removal efficiency attained was 85%, during that amount of adsorbent was 12 g/L. This research also discusses fluoride's adsorption isotherm and kinetics by activated neem leaf powder.
O paradigma da Justiça eletrónica. Atas da mesa redonda de jovens investigadores na Spring School eUjust
Authors: Abreu Joana Rita Sousa Covelo , Coelho Larissa Araújo , Cabral Tiago Sérgio Alves
Published: May 2022

[Excerto] As atas que agora se publicam correspondem aos trabalhos apresentados e desenvolvidos por investigadores de mestrado e doutoramento, no âmbito da Mesa Redonda de Jovens Investigadores, que decorreu na 3.ª Edição do Curso Intensivo “eUjust: EU Procedure and credits’ claims: approaching electronic solutions under e-Justice paradigm”, promovido sob a forma de Spring School, que ocorreu nos dias 14 a 18 de março de 2022, na Escola de Direito da Universidade do Minho, em formato online. A publicação destas atas corresponde a um dos objetivos visados no Módulo Jean Monnet com o acrónimo “eUjust” e subordinado ao tema “EU Procedure and credits’ claims: approaching electronic solutions under e-Justice paradigm”, desenvolvido, na Escola de Direito da Universidade do Minho, de setembro de 2019 a agosto de 2022, com a chancela da Comissão Europeia e do Programa ERASMUS+, que conta com a coordenação científica da Prof. Doutora Joana Covelo de Abreu, Professora da mesma instituição, e integrando, na sua equipa, a Prof. Doutora Alessandra Silveira e o Prof. Doutor Pedro Madeira Froufe. [...]
De notaris op klompen: Huidige staat en toekomst van het agrarisch recht in notarieel Nederland
Authors: Rheinfeld Jeroen W.A.
Published: May 2022

Oratie uitgesproken door prof.mr.dr. Jeroen W.A. Rheinfeld op 27 mei 2022 bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar Agrarisch recht aan de Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. Het functionele rechtsgebied ‘agrarisch recht’ wordt doorgaans gedefinieerd als: het recht met betrekking tot de landbouw. Deze definitie is, hoewel inhoudelijk correct, tevens redelijk weinigzeggend. Om te kunnen beoordelen of het agrarisch recht in Nederland, in het bijzonder in de notariële praktijk, toekomst heeft, dient daarom een nadere inhoudelijke beschouwing van het rechtsgebied plaats te vinden, waarbij speciale aandacht bestaat voor de ‘klassieke’ notariële deelterreinen, alles zowel in civiele als in fiscale zin. In zijn inaugurele rede gaat Jeroen Rheinfeld, hoogleraar Agrarisch Recht, hierop in. Aan de hand van een viertal concrete voorbeelden wordt allereerst de huidige staat van het notariële agrarisch recht geschetst, waarbij onder meer opvalt dat er op diverse agro-notariële thema’s nog ‘open eindjes’ en onduidelijkheden bestaan. Voorts kan worden geconcludeerd dat er tussen de diverse deelgebieden legio interessante dwarsverbanden aanwezig zijn. Vervolgens komen de toekomst van het agrarisch recht en de speciale positie van de agri-notaris daarin, aan bod. Aan de hand van een (wederom) viertal voorbeelden, zowel in civiele als in fiscale zin, blijkt dat er in de toekomst legio grote juridische en fiscale opgaven en (parlementaire) beslismomenten in het verschiet liggen, die in het dagelijks leven van de agrariër, net als nu het geval is, een voortdurende stroom aan agrarisch-rechtelijke problematiek op zullen blijven leveren. De belangrijkste conclusie is dan ook dat er, ongeacht de exacte richting waarin de Nederlandse agrarische sector zich de komende jaren zal gaan begeven, voor een specialistische notaris die de kunst van het denken in dwarsverbanden beheerst, meer dan voldoende uitdagingen en opgaven binnen het agrarische domein zullen blijven bestaan. De (notariële) student doet er, nu en in de toekomst, dus goed aan om het (keuze)vak agrarisch recht in zijn of haar curriculum op te nemen. Agrarisch recht is (en blijft) er immers overal, op alle deelterreinen van het notariële recht. Kortom: de notariële klomp past iedereen.
Perilaku siswa cerdas istimewa saat pembelajaran pengayaan matematika menggunakan kalkulator
Authors: Sumantri Cahya Mar'a Saliha , Sugiman Sugiman , Retnawati Heri
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku siswa cerdas istimewa saat pem­belajaran pengayaan matematika menggunakan kalkulator. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri di Kota Pasuruan yang terdiri dari 33 siswa. Subjek yang dipilih berasal dari kelas unggulan pada sekolah tersebut. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi dan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengung­kapkan bahwa siswa masih menggunakan perhitungan manual daripada menggunakan kal­kulator ketika mengerjakan tes awal. Ketika siswa mengerjakan beberapa soal pada lembar kegiatan peserta didik, siswa antusias untuk memahami petunjuk pengoperasian kalkulator, meskipun beberapa siswa masih mengajukan pertanyaan kepada guru. Kasus lainnya, siswa terlihat kebingungan saat hasil yang muncul di kalkulatornya berbeda dengan hasil teman-temannya, sebagian besar siswa baru mengetahui fungsi lain dari tombol-tombol kalkulator. Berbagai tantangan dan potensi pemanfaatan kalkulator dalam pembelajaran pengayaan mate­matika didiskusikan dalam artikel ini. The behavior of special intelligent students when learning mathematics enrichment using a calculatorAbstractThis study aimed to describe the behavior of special intelligent students when learning mathe­matics enrichment using a calculator. This research was descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The subjects were eighth-grade students of a public junior high school in Pasuruan City, Indonesia, which consisted of 33 students. The selected subjects came from the superior class at the school. The instruments were observation sheets and question­naires. Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The study results revealed that students still used manual calculations instead of using a calculator when doing the initial test. When students solved some problems on the worksheet, students were enthusiastic about understanding the instructions for operating the calculator, although some students still asked questions to the teacher. In another case, students looked confused when the results that appeared on their calculators were different from the results of their friends; most of the students just found out about other functions of the calculator buttons. Various challenges and potential use of calculators in mathematics enrichment learning were discussed.
YouTube vlog channels in basic mathematics as e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Susanti Vera Dewi , Krisdiana Ika , Murtafiah Wasilatul , Setyansah Reza Kusuma , Masfingatin Titin
Published: May 2022

This research aimed to produce YouTube vlog channels that are valid, practical, and effective to be used in facilitating e-learning in a basic mathematics course. The method used in this research is Research and Development (RD), which consists of four stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. The subjects in this study were 62 third-semester students of the Mathematics Education Study Program at PGRI University of Madiun, Indonesia, where 50 students were field test subjects and 12 students were limited test subjects. The instruments used in this research were a validation sheet, a student response questionnaire, and a student learning outcomes test. This research produced YouTube vlog channels. Based on the validation results on teaching materials, an average score of 77% was obtained which was declared valid. Based on the student response questionnaire at the field test stage, it was obtained an average value of 75.46% which was stated to be practical. While at the limited test stage obtained a score of 81.94% which is also declared practical. Based on the learning outcomes test in the field test, the percentage of completeness was 81.82% which stated that the YouTube vlog channel was effective. Meanwhile, in the limited test stage, the completeness percentage was 82% which was also declared effective. Therefore, the produced YouTube vlog channel is feasible for use in e-learning environment.
Online tutoring in pandemic: An investigation on students’ mathematics anxiety and learning motivation
Authors: Ulfah Syafika , Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa , Bekoe Collins
Published: May 2022

Learning activities should be shifted from offline to online mode as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several previous studies have stated that this situation affects the psychology of students. This study aimed to examine mathematics anxiety and learning motivation of junior high school students based on the availability of online tutoring support during the COVID-19 pandemic. We employed a survey method by distributing a Google Form link containing a questionnaire to a public junior high school in East Jakarta, Indonesia. The questionnaire consisted of 22 items of mathematics anxiety and 23 items of learning motivation with a 5-point Likert scale. A total of 365 eighth-grade students were involved in this study. Data analysis used descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney test, and correlation analysis. Our study revealed a significant difference between students who took and did not take online tutoring. Furthermore, the study also found a negative relationship between mathematics anxiety and learning motivation. The students who took online tutoring had a low level of mathematics anxiety and a very high level of learning motivation.
Drought-prone areas mapping using fuzzy c-means method in Gunungkidul district
Authors: Kismiantini Kismiantini , Husniyah Fajra , Montesinos-López Osval Antonio
Published: May 2022

Gunungkidul district is one of the districts in the Special Region of Yogyakarta that is frequently affected by drought disasters. The purpose of this study is to map drought-prone areas in Gunungkidul district using the fuzzy c-means method, making it easier for the government to allocate water-dropping assistance to drought-affected areas. The research variables include rainfall, soil type, infiltration, slope, and land use. The type of variables is an ordinal scale, so they must be transformed using the successive interval method before being analyzed using the fuzzy c-means method. The cluster validity indexes of the Xie and Beni index, partition coefficient, and modification partition coefficient were used to find the optimal k. The results of fuzzy c-means clustering revealed three clusters with a low level of vulnerability consisting of 7 sub-districts, a moderate level of vulnerability consisting of 8 sub-districts, and a high level of vulnerability consisting of 3 sub-districts. Rainfall, land use, soil type, infiltration, and slope were the drought hazard factors with the greatest to least effect in this study.
Development and Research of High-Strength High-Speed Steels Based on Electroerosion Dispersed Alloy Particles R6M5
Authors:   Southwest State University, Pikalov Sergey V. , Ageev Evgeny V. , Ageeva Anna E. ,   MBOU SOSH No. 53
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to conduct metallographic studies of high-strength high-speed steels based on elec-troerosion dispersed particles of alloy R6M5. Methods. Electrodispersion of the R6M5 alloy waste was carried out in a metal waste disperser patented by the authors (RF Patent No. 2449859). Lighting kerosene was used as the working fluid. The fusion of the electroerosion charge was carried out in the spark plasma fusion system SPS 25-10 "Thermal Technology" (USA). The tasks set in the work were solved using modern equipment and complementary methods of physical materials science, including: the elemental composition of high-speed steels was studied on an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer of the company "EDAX" (Netherlands), embedded in a scanning electron microscope "QUANTA 200 3D" (Netherlands); the phase composition of high-speed steels was studied on an X-ray diffractometer "Rigaku Ultima IV" (Japan); The microstructure of the alloys was studied using an electron-ion scanning (scanning) microscope with field emission of electrons "QUANTA 600 FEG" (Netherlands). Results. It has been experimentally established that high-speed steels made of electroerosion dispersed waste particles of alloy P6M5 have the following characteristics: fine-grained structure without pores, cracks and discontinuities; the main elements are Fe, W, Cr, Mo and C; the main phases are Fe3C, Mo2C, Fe, W, Cr. Conclusion. A complex of metallographic studies of new high-speed steels produced by spark plasma fusion of powders obtained by electroerosive dispersion of alloy R6M5 waste in kerosene has shown high efficiency of using spark plasma fusion technology to provide high mechanical properties to high-speed steels from electroerosion dispersed particles of alloy R6M5 waste.
Investigation of the Spillability of the Casting Mold in the Design of the Gating System of the Body Casting
Authors:   Southwest State University, Zubkova Oksana S. , Yatsun Elena I. , Bolotov Sergey S. , Zubkov Dmitry A.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the size and configuration of the gating system to prevent gross defects of castings associated with insufficient mold spillage when obtaining the body casting by the casting method. Methods. The research was carried out using computer modeling of the casting process based on the finite element method and virtual engineering. To achieve this goal, a 3D model of the casting with several variants of the gate system was built. Modeling of the casting process was carried out in the PROCAST software package, when working in which drawing defects were automatically eliminated and 2D and 3D grids were built, which allows you to take into account the casting configuration as much as possible during the modeling process. As a result of the simulation of the casting process, diagrams of filling the mold with melt were constructed and the places of possible gross defects were determined. Results. Based on the results of computer modeling of the casting process for the body models with different configurations and sizes of the gating system, the variants of the gating system were determined to ensure the absence of gross defects associated with insufficient mold spillage. The uniformity of the casting crystallization process was also taken into account. Conclusion. The use of modern computer modeling methods can significantly reduce the time of technological preparation of production, promptly make changes to the configuration of castings and gate systems, predict the appearance of possible defects and promptly develop measures to eliminate them. The widespread use in engineering practice of software complexes modeling various foundry processes makes it possible to improve the quality of manufactured products and their competitiveness.