bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simulation program for assessing the effect of nonlinear phase distortions on the quality of signals in the optical path
Authors:   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Vardanyan V.A. , Maksimov A.S. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

The influence of nonlinear phase interference of self-phase modulation and phase cross-modulation arising in an optical fiber on multichannel, spectrally separated signals is considered. A simulation program has been created in the environment of the object-oriented programming language C#, which makes it possible to calculate the BER in the receiving part depending on the parameters of the optical path. The program has several degrees of freedom in the following parameters: transmission rate, used linear signal code, optical power level in individual channels, length and type of optical fiber. It is shown that in order to achieve the required BER, it is necessary to limit the optical power levels in the channel signals. The results of simulation of signal transmission over a distance of 100 km for the number of channels 40, 80 and 160 with channel rates of 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s in NRZ and RZ linear codes are presented.
Computational efficiency of interpolated band stop filters for odd spectral bands
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Skulina E.G. , Savinykh I.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Interpolated band stop FIR filters are excluded. A block diagram of an interpolated band stop FIR filter for odd spectral regions is proposed. The use of the proposed maximum allowable value of the filter coefficient in comparison with the reference filter calculated by the classical method, namely the maximum allowable value of the quantitative limitation to the computing resource. For the proposed structure, relations are obtained to determine the coefficient of computational efficiency and the coefficient of increase in the number of registers. In the proposed work, the following values were determined: the optimal interpolation coefficient, the maximum coefficient of computational efficiency and the coefficient of increase in the number of registers at the optimal interpolation coefficient. In the obtained relations for the synthesis of the interpolated band-stop FIR filter, the values of the stop band and the central frequency of the rejection are used. We also compared the interpolated band stop filter for odd spectral zones, synthesized according to the proposed structure, and the reference band stop filter calculated by the classical method. As a result of the study, it was found that the proposed nature is used under specific conditions. The obtained structure of the interpolated band stop FIR filter is optimal from a computational point of view, however, the calculated structure is not universal. The main limitation for the application of the resulting structure is the discreteness of switching between spectral zones and the need for fine tuning of the center rejection frequency.
Portugal Atual: Entre o Passado e o Futuro
Authors: Cruz António Pinto
Published: April 2023

Recensão do livro Pensar Portugal – A Modernidade de um País Antigo, de Moisés de Lemos Martins.
Взаимосвязь выгорания и удовлетворённости браком у сотрудников российских организаций
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия, Булгаков Илья
Published: April 2023

Цель. Исследование направлено на выявление связи степени удовлетворённости браком (зарегистрированным, сожительством) и уровнем выгорания сотрудников организаций. Методология исследования. Исследование проводилось с использованием интернет-опроса, включающего вопросы на определение уровня выгорания и уровня удовлетворённости браком. Выборка — целевая экспертная. В неё вошли сотрудники российских бизнес-организаций, занимающие разные должности, в возрасте от 20 до 69 лет, разного пола (120 женщин и 83 мужчин) с разным статусом брачных отношений (N = 203) (107 человек состоят в браке, 87 находятсяв незарегистрированных отношениях, девять — в статусе разведённых). Результаты исследования. Выявлена обратная связь между уровнем выгорания на работе и удовлетворённостью браком у сотрудников. Наиболее явно эта связь проявилась по отношению к таким субфакторам выгорания, как: деперсонализация и психоэмоциональное истощение. В то же время рост профессиональный успешности объясняется ростом удовлетворённости личными отношениями. Обнаружены отдельные эффекты в группе сотрудников, пребывающих в статусе разведённых. Корреляционный анализ изучаемых переменных отдельно для женщин и мужчин, пребывающихв разных брачных статусах, показал связи между выгоранием и удовлетворённостью отношениями для группы женщин, состоящих в браке (N = 60; ρ = –0,5). В то же время, для мужчин в статусе «сожительства» связь между выгоранием и удовлетворённостью отношениями оказывается сильнее (N = 33; ρ = –0,6). Для женщин, пребывающих в статусе «сожительства», значимых связей обнаружено не было. В результате регрессионного анализа удалось найти отдельные эффектыдля группы мужчин. Выводы. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие связи между удовлетворённостью браком с проявлениями выгорания у сотрудников организаций. Результаты исследования могут стать полезным дополнением при проведении дальнейших исследований феномена выгорания, а также могут помочь в понимании специфики выгорания сотрудников и способов коммуникации с ними.
Effect of organizational socialization on equity sensitivity and proactive behaviour in the context of psychological empowerment perception
Authors:   Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Çakir Sezin , Işcan Ömer ,   Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Published: April 2023

Purpose. The key purpose of this study was to assess the role of psychological empowerment perception in the effect of organizational socialization on equity sensitivity and proactive behavior. The terms subjected to this study were reviewed within the context of the relevant literature and investigated to which extent they were interrelated. Study design. A research model was developed based on theliterature review, if organizational socialization practices might boost the level of equity sensitivity and proactive behavior of employees through positive psychological empowerment perception. The data from 261 employees working at A Plus Hospital and Hotel Management Service were analyzed using relevant statistical analysis techniques to test the model. Findings. The findings revealed that organizational socialization practices influence employees’ equity sensitivity and proactive behavior, with the psychological empowerment perception serving as a mediating factor in these relationships.
Роль количества неформальных подгрупп в эффективности производственной малой группы
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Сидоренков Андрей , Штроо Владимир ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия
Published: April 2023

Цель. Целью исследования является изучение соотношения эффективности производственных групп и существующих в них неформальных подгрупп, а именно: связи количества неформальных подгрупп в группах с двумя видами групповой эффективности — предметно-деятельностной и социально-психологической. Дизайн. Выборка включает 78 групп из разных организаций и с разным содержанием профессиональной деятельности, а общее число участников составляет 655 человек. Для выявления неформальных подгрупп использовался специальный формализованный алгоритм, а для изучения групповой эффективности — два авторских опросника. Предметно-деятельностная эффективность группы оценивалась отдельно руководителями и членами групп по двум показателям (выполнение плана и задач, деятельность в трудных условиях). Социально-психологическая эффективность измерялась также по двум показателям (удовлетворённость членов группой и психологический комфорт членов в группе) на основе оценок сотрудников. Эмпирическое исследование проводилось на персональных компьютерах посредством программы «Групповой профиль — Универсал». Результаты. Обнаружено, чтооба показателя социально-психологической эффективности неформальных подгрупп значимо выше, чем эти показатели групп. Статистически значимых отличий между предметно-деятельностной эффективностью (по двум показателям) подгрупп и групп не обнаружено. Однако есть тенденция к более высокому показателю выполнения плана и задач у неформальных подгрупппо сравнению с группами. Количество неформальных подгрупп в группах значимо отрицательно связано с удовлетворённостью работников своей группой, а также создает косвенный отрицательный эффект относительно двух показателей предметно-деятельностной эффективности групп, который опосредован (медиация) удовлетворённостью членов группой. Количество неформальных подгрупп также опосредует связь между размером группы и удовлетворённостью членов группой. Другими словами, увеличение размера группы ведёт к увеличению коли-чества неформальных подгрупп, что, в свою очередь, снижает удовлетворённость членов своей группой в целом. Выводы. Эффективность неформальных подгрупп по некоторым показателям выше эффективности групп, а количество неформальных подгрупп создаёт прямые и косвенные эффекты относительно групповой эффективности. В статье указано несколько перспективных направлений дальнейшего исследования роли неформальных подгрупп в эффективности производственных групп и управленческих команд.
Русскоязычная версия «Шкалы настройки работы» («Job crafting scale»): психометрическая проверка, валидизация и перспективы использования
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, Маничев Сергей , Милетич Маина ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия, Лепехин Николай ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, Ильина Ольга ,   Университет при Межпарламентской Ассамблее ЕврАзЭС, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, Погребицкая Виктория ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Россия
Published: April 2023

Цель. В статье представлены теоретическое основание и психометрическая разработка русскоязычной версии «Шкалы настройки работы» (Job crafting scale). Настройка работы (job crafting) представляет собой особый тип проактивного рабочего поведения, посредством которого работники вносят изменения в требования и ресурсы работы в соответствии с собственными предпочтениями. Направленность и выраженность различных форм такого поведения отражают уровень имеющихся личностных и организационных ресурсов, напряжён-ность рабочих требований, а также являются предикторами ряда показателей эффективности деятельности и психологического благополучия в работе. Метод. Разработка и валидизация русскоязычной версии методики проводилась на основе исследований, проведённых в Санкт-Петербурге, Нижнем Новгороде, Ульяновске и других городах России. Общее количество респондентов N = 1060, работников, занятых в сферах транспорта, производства, услуг, торговли идругих, в возрасте от 18 до 70 лет. Результаты. После обработки данных исследований по результатам конфирматорного факторного анализа была подтверждена четырёхфакторная структура методики, включающая факторы: «Увеличение структурных ресурсов в работе»; «Увеличение социальных ресурсов в работе»; «Увеличение сложности рабочих задач»; «Сокращение обременительных требований». «Шкала настройки работы» показала удовлетворительную надёжность. Проверка внешней валидности осуществлялась при помощи корреляционного анализа, показавшего значимые связи с показателями «Утрехтской шкалы вовлечённости в работу» В. Шауфели и А. Баккера и шкалами методики «Психологический капитал» А. Баккера. Проверка структурной инвариантности показала устойчивость четырёхфакторной структуры. Обнаружена необходимая метрическая инвариантность. Ценность результатов. Основываясь на результатах анализа, авторы предлагают русскоязычную версию «Шкалы настройки работы» как инструмент для диагностики выраженности и направленности настройки работы, который может использоваться для прогнозирования побуждающей или избегающей регулятивной направленности рабочего поведения персонала и оценки проактивноcти рабочих команд в условиях вариабельности организационной среды.
Компетенции и профессиональные взаимодействия руководителей: открытые вопросы
Authors:   Институт психологии Российской академии наук, Москва, Россия, Толочек Владимир , Машкова Анна ,   Институт психологии Российской академии наук, Москва, Россия
Published: April 2023

Цель. Статья посвящена анализу методических и организационных аспектов проведения научно-исследовательских работ в современных организациях. На примере изучения компетенций, личностных черт и особенностей стилей делового общения руководителей низовогои среднего звена управления, обсуждаются «открытые вопросы» (сложности, проблемы, несогласованности аналитических и интегративных подходов), предлагаются новые подходы и методы решения научных и прикладных задач. Методы. В ходе исследования использовались анализ литературных источников; психодиагностика (методики «УСК» и «16PF»), изучение компетенций и стилей делового общения; моделирование вариантов анализа баз эмпирических данных; корреляционный и факторный анализ. База исследований — сотрудники деловых организаций г. Москвы (N = 71). Результаты. В рамках реализации интегративного подхода использовались два варианта статистических расчётов: 1) оптимальный (рациональный) и 2) формальный. В итоге предпочтение было отдано оптимальному. Было выделено шесть факторов компетенций, шесть факторов компонентов стилей делового общения, а также 10 факторовпри анализе данных психодиагностических методик. Во всех трёх случаях также выделялись коэффициенты значений объектов — коэффициенты меры выраженности каждого выделяемого фактора у каждого обследованного, для анализа которых в последующем также использовался факторный анализ. В результате выделено 10 интегральных факторов (68,8% объясняемой дисперсии), обобщающих оценки паттернов компетенций, компонентов стилей общения, личностных черт каждого из обследуемых руководителей, раскрывающих социальные роли и функции субъектов совместной деятельности. Обсуждается статус в научно-исследовательских работах полученных интегральных оценок субъектов в пространстве трёх групп эмпирических данных. Выводы. 1. Воспроизведение в полевых исследованиях полного соответствия всех формальных требований к организации научно-исследовательских работ не всегда возможно. Использование экстенсивных средств (увеличения размера выборки, использования большого числа методик и тому подобного) не ведут к получению надёжных результатов. 2. Получаемые в процессах научно-исследовательских работ статистики (средние значения, коэффициенты корреляции), мера объясняемой дисперсии, число выделяемых факторов, комбинации эмпирических данных, группировки обследуемых должно рассматривать как «реперные точки» в решении научных и научно-практических задач. 3. Редко используемые статистики (например, коэффициенты значений объектов), сопряжённые с процедурами статистических расчётов и часто используемые (нагрузки отдельных переменных на фактор), могут выступать как дополняющие и разъясняющие особенности эволюции и функционировании изучаемых фрагментов социальной действительности.
Bone Decalcification Protocol Using 14% EDTA Buffer Solution pH 7.2 - 7.4 v1
Authors: Peehl Donna
Published: April 2023

This protocol describes the steps required for successful decalcification. Decalcification describes the technique for removing minerals from bone or other calcified tissue so that good-quality paraffin sections can be prepared that will preserve all the essential microscopic elements. Decalcification is carried out after the specimen has been thoroughly fixed and prior to routine processing to paraffin.
The intraoperative surgical context.
Authors: Salazar Ángela María
Published: April 2023

Objective. To interpret the experience of being unconscious or alert from a group of patients during the surgical act and appreciations from the members of the nursing team on the same context.

Methodology. Qualitative study focusing on grounded theory. Information was collected through a) observation and b) interviews to 20 patients, 19 nursing aides, and 8 nursing professionals who work in level II surgical centers in Valle de Aburrá, Colombia.

Results. From being aware of everything to being at the mercy of another, during el intraoperative, the patient goes through different states of conscience, which means being subjected to total care. Instead, for the nursing personnel the same context implies different behavior going between two environments: the “scenario” –when in front of the patient awake, which involves measured and diplomatic behavior; or, “behind the scenes” – with the person under the effects of anesthesia – the behavior is more free and uninhibited.

Conclusion. The intraoperative surgical context is different for patients and for the nursing team. However, it is necessary to bear in mind that they are caring for a human being who requires respect, dignified treatment, and that care must be promoted under an ethical perspective.
Children’s health perception through creative drawing language
Authors: Alves Rodrigues Manuel Alves , Cruz Damas Maria Dulce
Published: April 2023

Objective. Children’s health perception through creative drawing language the identification of external factors perceived as negative or positive to health by children.

Methodology. A descriptive study that describes the analysis of the expressive language of drawings and written comments. The sample consisted of 130 children in 3rd and 4th classes from four randomly selected schools, in the region of Central Portugal Continental (Coimbra district). The study was conducted during the first semester of 2011. The data collection was performed by means of Rodrigues’ drawing/writing sheet. This sheet is divided in 4 areas (2 of them to draw what children consider good for health and the other 2 to write the content or message of the drawings). The themes expressed are classified based on the priority areas for the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Results. children value healthy food, physical activity, mental health, prevention of inappropriate substance consumption and health and environment. The drawings and comments show links between diet and physical exercise, and between mental health and interpersonal relationships.

Conclusion. Drawings and comments facilitate health professionals understanding of children’s perception of health positive and negative factors. The results of the study allow planning intervention strategies in school health from infant perception.
A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW ABOUT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS ON COLOMBIA, 1994-2004
Authors: Ospina Muñoz Doris Elena , Castaño López Rosa
Published: April 2023

Study carried out between July 2005-July 2008, started from COLCIENCIAS’ National Base of Products (X-ACTA). Objective: to gather knowledge and critical reflections about knowledge accumulated in the categories associated to sexual and reproductive rights in Colombia, 1994-2004. Methodology: we consult XACTA using descriptor. The articles are organized in three groups according to where they are published: national indexed journal (T1), national non indexed journal (T2), foreign journal (T3). We build thematic categories and carry out understanding readings. Results: we obtain a total of 123 articles distributed in this way: 32 for gender, justness and education; 30 in women’s health. Five in homosexuality and prostitution, two for men’s health, 22 for citizenship and education; 13 for health system and human rights, three in children´s rights, eight for differential of gender and eight for voluntary interruption of the pregnancy. Qualitative ethnographies predominate in the studies. The relationship author-article is of one-to-one, that can indicate low specialization level in the workspace, but also many researchers interested in them. Conclusion: the production volume on: justness, citizenship and education, sexual diversity and children rights show theoretical concern and discursive advances that should be integrated to the sexual and reproductive health policy. There is abundant research production, especially qualitative and formative approach. However, we need to improve methodological designs, qualify both training and formation process of health professionals and embody the gender perspective.
CONTRACTUAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HEALTH INSURANCE COMPANIES AND HOSPITALS, MEDELLÍN, COLOMBIA, 2005-2006
Authors: Rodríguez Corredor Zuly Andrea , Molina Marín Gloria
Published: April 2023

Objective: to characterize the relationships between Insurance Companies and hospitals within the contracting out process.

Methodology: an exploratory study was conducted, involving twenty-nine officials from several health institutions located in Medellín city. The recollection of the information was made through semiestructural interviews based on a guide. The analysis of information was made following the coding criteria proposed by Huberman and Miles. It was developed in three steps, through which descriptive, analytic and interpretative categories emerged.

Results: findings suggest that hospitals have carried out administrative transformations in order to improve and maintain within a market environment. The health insurance companies achieve a dominant position between the actors of the health system, which is expressed through out the contracting out process, with imposition of tariffs and conditions to the contracts. 

Conclusions: there is unbalance in power of actors, within which, the health insurers dominate the contracting out process, which generate conflicts between actors.
PERIODIZATION ANALYSIS OF HISTORY OF NURSING
Authors: Velandia Mora Ana Luisa
Published: April 2023

The first part of this article assesses the importance of periodization in History; followed by an analysis of the different types of periodization as defined by the most popular publications within the field: Molina (1961); Frank and Elizondo (1961); Jamieson, Sewall y Suhrie (1968); Verderese (1980); Eseverri Chaverri (1984); Martínez et al. (1985); Ávila (1986); Donahue (1985-1993); Collière (1993); Velandia (1994, 1995 y 2005); Hernández Conesa (1995); Aramayo (1997); Pérez González (1997); Siles (1999); García y Martínez (2001); Sánchez Puñales (2002); Benavent, Ferrer y Francisco del Rey (2003), Ancheta Niebla (2004). The main objective of this article is to discover  both  the externalist and internalist approaches underlying an author’s decision to create or use a particular type of periodization. The secondary objective is to introduce or rediscover publications about history of nursing, from unknown authors.
FIDELITY OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS: ROLE OF THE INTERVENTIONISTS
Authors: Cruz Quevedo Juana Edith , Onofre-Rodríguez Dora Julia , Gutiérrez Valverde Juana Mercedes , Gallegos Cabriales Esther C. , Villarruel Antonia M.
Published: April 2023

Objective: to evaluate treatment fidelity strategies used in a randomized controlled trail study such as record and standardization of intervention, selection and training of interventionists, and implementation of criteria for adherence and monitoring. Methodology: strategies analysis through pre and post training evaluation, monitor reporting, day-after evaluation and participants comments. Results: the analysis shows the selection and training of able interventionists with sufficient knowledge of curriculum delivery, self-efficient in processes and trustworthy in results. The day-after evaluations and participant´s comment reflect a dynamic, assertive and adhered-to-curriculum performance of the interventionists. Conclusions: observation of the elements that define randomized controlled trail study adherence and delivery guarantee intervention integrity and therefore reduce bias possibility because of this source.
SEMINAR RESEARCH AND THE RELATION WITH DIFFERENT STRATEGIES AND METHODOLOGIES OF LEARNING AND TEACHING
Authors: Ospina Rave Beatriz Elena , Aristizábal Botero Carlos Andrés
Published: April 2023

Objective: this Article shows the way how it develops a seminar of research and the relations with different strategies and methodologies of learning and teaching used in the seminar. Methodologie: the reasearch was made during 2004-2005 in two seminars of reasearch in the Nursing Faculty of the University of Antioquia. It used an the focalizad type of the etnographic methodologie, emphazasing the observation in the groups of students and the two professors that coordinated the seminars. The information was gathered using three strategies: Revision of documental sources, in depth interviews with students and professors, observation. Results: it was found that the seminar its desingned starting  from a formal structure, where the profesor organize the contents according to the needs that he assume the environment has concerning to the reaserch and how he expect the student face the situation. Conclusions:  the research seminar it´s designed and Developer from a procedural structure that privilege the contents that comes from the methods and the technic of research. The way how the participants of the process of learning and teaching interact makes stronger the procedural character of this.
NEW APPROACH IN THE LEARNING-TRAINING PROCESS TO INTERRELATE KNOWLEDGE AND CLINICAL AND COMMUNITY TRAINING
Authors: Sanjuán Quiles Ángela , Martínez Riera José Ramón
Published: April 2023

The aim of this trial is to analyze how knowledge is interrelated, considering teachers, students and nurses. Practice allows experiential learning. Theory and practice have been historically divided and this has a greater importance in nursing. The new European Higher Education Area allows a greater and better interrelation of the clinical thoughtful learning, letting students, teachers and professionals learn throughout their lives and adapt to the community needs. Changes in higher education are made on the basis of new methodological approaches that make possible to face successfully the new teaching-learning situations. Teachers must teach students how to learn. Professionals in the clinical and community training, must carry out a work of development of new concepts and theoretical knowledge from specific situations. They must also integrate and interrelate learning resources.The aims that we expect to achieve within the European Higher Education Area are to increase the students’ autonomy; overcome distance barriers; improve the time to gain access to the learning; achieve a greater interaction and have the opportunity to share the control of the learning activities by interacting within a support and cooperation frame.
CONSIDERING TRAINING OF FUTURE NURSING STAFF IN LATIN AMERICA
Authors: Castrillón Agudelo María Consuelo
Published: April 2023

The objective of this paper is to generate discussion among nurses who teach, conduct research, or serve as administrators and planners both en the health and education, sectors and to encourage the development of actions to strengthen nursing education. The article is based on the author’s experiences in research, teaching, consulting and evaluation of nursing programs; and froma review of literature to help contextualize current and future health issues in the region. Findings form studies about nursing education and the nursing workforce in Latin America indicate the need for substantial changes in the training of these professionals. Conclusion: No single effort to improve and modernize nursing education will be sufficient, as long as academic projects and research do not articulate with the services and the health needs of the people to promote harmonious developments relevant to the realities of health and of nursing education and practice.
SHOOL OF NURSING COMPETENCY-BASED CURRICULUM
Authors: Jara Concha Patricia , Stiepovic Bertoni Jasna
Published: April 2023

We analyze the impact of higher education on the society and its ﬁtting within a globalized world and discuss some notions regarding nursing education particularly at the graduate level in the current context driven by the education-production paradigm. We present a critical analysis of the components of a competence-based curriculum for a master of nursing program and discuss its implications for both work and academic contexts. Finally, we propose three basic competences for nursing graduate education based on three key dimensions of knowing: including to know, to know how and to know being.
From human capital to social capital: relevance of doctoral training for the development of the nursing profession in Colombia
Authors: Arias Valencia María Mercedes , Giraldo Clara Victoria
Published: April 2023

From human capital to social capital: relevance of doctoral training for the development of the nursing profession in Colombia
BEING THERE, EVER CARING FOR A PATIENT WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Gómez Gómez Margarita María
Published: April 2023

Due to their organic losses demented patients evolve towards total invalidity. If they do not .nd caring people absolute destitution awaits them. Objective: To understand caregiver reasons for “being there” to a patient with dementia and what are his actions to remain giving care. Methodology: This grounded study was carried in Medellín from January 2002 to June 2004. Twenty-two people with a minimum three years caring of demented people were interviewed. These persons were contacted by the Universidad de Antioquia Neurosciences Caring persons group and by the Instituto de los Seguros Sociales senior citizens program. Manual analysis was performed. Results: “Being there” is a decision taken by the caregivers because they are sons or relatives of a demented person. This decision is motivated by four cultural factors: social and economic function in the group, tradition, reciprocity and religion. The feeling of fatigue of the caregivers was stressed and how they need information, learning from experience, re.ection, support and participation in other activities. Conclusion: The person who gives care to a demented patient recognizes that “one alone cannot”. Accordingly, it is urgent to create ambiances and places which support health and welfare of these caregivers
TO SURVIVE ON THE STREET THERE MUST BE FEAR
Authors: Forero Pulido Constanza , Giraldo Pineda Álvaro , Valencia González Alejandra , Hurtado Gutiérrez Mario , Montoya Giraldo Biviana
Published: April 2023

Objective: To understand the meaning of fear and how to face it, from the participant point of view. Methodology: Ethnographic qualitative research was made with children living on the street in Medellín city from 2005 to 2007. It was an apply observation, interviews and ﬁeld book technics. Results and Discussion: The fear on the street is based on the fear to the other one, to lose the beloved one, to aggression, to be killed, to the pain caused by injuries, to be a drug addict, to lose freedom and to AIDS. The fear has several meanings “adrenalin” and “enemy”; the former allows the street people to run away and face some situations, and the latter paralyses and freezes them, so they can be caught, hurt or even killed. Conclusions: Fear is a survive strategy, which tries to change the enemy as fear into adrenalin, to protect themselves, using strategies like psychological training.
CONTINUOUS EDUCATION IN THE WORKING PLACE: NEW CHALLENGES FOR NURSING PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Salum Nádia Chiodelli , Do Prado Marta Lenise
Published: April 2023

A reﬂection about the continuous education for nursing professionals in the working place is the purpose of the present article. It deals with general aspects about the educational process and the conceptions regarding continuous education in the working place and continuous education in nursing. It stresses the new theoretical and methodological perspectives necessary for continuous education in the working place enhancing the subjective and objective dimensions of the staff.
The abstract of a scientific article. What is and what is not
Authors: Díez Mejía Bertha Ligia
Published: April 2023

The abstract of a scientific article. What is and what is not
Refusal of health care due to patient motivations
Authors: Beltrán Salazar Oscar Alberto
Published: April 2023

Summary
Objective. Describe the meaning for patients of rejection of health care Methodology. Research with a phenomenological approach carried out in Medellín, Colombia between 2008 and 2009; included 12 adults between the ages of 27 and 54 who were hospitalized. The in-depth interview was used to collect information. Data were analyzed according to the scheme proposed by Cohen, Kahan and Steeves. Results. Fear, suffering, dependence as well as ignorance and the "bad reputation" of professionals, institutions or procedures contribute to the rejection of care. Discussion. Patients reject disease because of pain and suffering, and knowledge plays a double role in health care because it helps to accept or reject care and to promote patient acceptance and satisfaction. Conclusion. Rejection is a decision by patients in response to situations related to the disease, the knowledge and behaviors of nurses and must be taken into account by nurses.
knowledge and practices of the caregiver as a factor associated to acute respiratory infection in children from 2 months to 5 years old
Authors: Osorio Galeano Sandra Patricia , Pulgarín Torres Ángela María , Restrepo Suarez Yolanda , Segura Cardona Ángela María
Published: April 2023

Objective. To establish the relationship between Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) and the practices and knowledge the child caregiver has.

Methodology. Case-control study in which cases were children hospitalized for ARI, and controls children hospitalized for other conditions. Interviews were applied to the children’s caregivers to investigate their level of knowledge and practices related to ARI.

Results. 24 cases and 24 controls were studied. The caregiver profile in both groups were women, mother of the child, housekeeper, high school level of education, members of the contributive regimen, and from socioeconomic status 2 and higher. The cases group caregivers had a lower proportion of proper IRA knowledge than controls (Cases=4.2% and controls=8.2%). Knowledge about when to consult as an emergency was proper in the 75.0% of the caregivers in the case group versus 66.7% in the control group. In the actions taken when the child has IRA, what caregivers in the control group do better is the proper management of fever, other actions had fair and poor proper management proportions.

Conclusion. Caregivers Knowledge and practices were inadequate, the necessity to implement and reinforce educative actions in the community is shown.
Scientific rigor in qualitative research
Authors: Arias Valencia María Mercedes , Giraldo Mora Clara Victoria
Published: April 2023

For research methodology scholars, rigor issues related to the qua­lity of the research is a core issue. The objective of this article is to show the status of rigor in qualitative research, its main criteria, the differences in its interpretation and application, ethics and the researchers’ social commitment. For such purpose, issues related to the instrument, field work, analysis and theoretical sampling, theoretical saturation and researcher’s integrity, are analyzed. Vali­dity, reliability, objectivity versus subjectibity, credibility, confirma­bility and transferability concepts, as well as evaluation guidelines, are reviewed. Those are necessary elements to all the ones who are involved in research from different perspectives and interests.
Nuevos cambios, nuevos retos para Investigación y Educación en Enfermería en una Facultad que cumple 60 años
Authors: Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles
Published: April 2023

Recibir como editora a Investigación y Educación en Enfermería,que con sus 28 años de existencia es una publicación madura y dealtísima calidad, es un reto complejo; más que todo en este siglo, enel que la ciencia se divulga especialmente por medio de publicaciones,en las que la revista científico-técnica es uno de los principalescanales de divulgación entre las comunidades investigativas.
Pregnant women fear and insecurity during labor as reasons for demanding early admission
Authors: Ferreira Maria de Lourdes Silva Marques , Peron Giaxa Thais Erika
Published: April 2023

Objective. To identify reasons why women look for early health care attention at the end of pregnancy.

Methodology. Qualitative study based in socio-existential phenomenology proposed by Al­fred Schütz. Nine pregnant women who consulted to the maternity service without being in real labor were interviewed.

Results. The following analysis categories emerged: Having different symptoms or signals from the ones they had felt or been informed about, not being able to identify real labor, fear to fetal complications for being close to the probable labor date, feeling calmer when being seen by professionals of the institution, lack of problem solving by other services of the health institution, fearing out of hospital delivery, imitating real labor, looking for tranquility in the idealization of labor and mo­difying behaviors to guarantee attention.

Conclusion. Women are insecure and fear because of a fragmented health care, where they do not perceive themselves linked to the prenatal control program anymore, and at the same time they don’t find the health care assistance they want.
Women and their couple’s behavior regarding birth control
Authors: Marques Ferrei Maria de Lourdes da Silva , Gonçalves Ivana Regina , Temer Jamas Milena
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe women behavior regarding birth control and analyze if such behavior has any cultural influence. 

Methodology. Qualitative study in which patients were women who were waiting for their family health program consult in three health units of the city Ilah Comprida in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected during October and November of 2007, the interview was used as source of information, subsequently they were subjected to the content analysis technique. 

Results. Women are responsible for birth control; they consider there are difficulties with birth control especially due to inefficient information about methods of contraception and family influence over this adopted behavior. 

Conclusion. Birth control is influenced by cultural models, moral, social and religious values related with the exercise of sexuality.
International trends in nursing care
Authors: Salazar Maya Ángela María
Published: April 2023

Nursing care international trends, which are changing in an unexpected  pace  internationally,  are  discussed  in  the  article.  Aging, urbanization and globalization consequences accelerate the propagation  of  transmissible  diseases  worldwide,  and  increase  the load of chronic and degenerative diseases. Health care systems contexts, every time more complex, are concerned about increases in the sanitary expenses, disparity in the health care attention and short stance hospitalization. Health care users in the future will be mostly over 65 years old, with multisystem and chronic diagnosis,  with  more  knowledge  about  health,  disease  and  the score systems of health care providers. Nursing, health care team axis will be characterized by professionals’ scarcity in a highly technological context, in which care will be based on the interpersonal multi paradigm relationship of scientific research, with a real tendency to standard care. As a discipline, nursing will keep strengthening its body knowledge. Nursing autonomy will be of great transcendence, developing own responsibilities and assuring care management.
Curricular respecification challenges in university’s autonomy. Contributions of the neo-systemic curricular metatheory.
Authors: Tapiero Vásquez Elías
Published: April 2023

Both general and specific ideas of the curricular neo-systemic metatheory are described. Also the redescription probabilities in university’s autonomy from the configured respecification in the school’s neo-systemic curriculum are explained.
Continuous education in the Family Health Program: a qualitative study
Authors: Zavarese da Costa Valdecir , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina , Silveira Cardoso Leticia , De Souza Soares Jorgana Fernanda
Published: April 2023

Objective. To analyze the continuous education in the work process spectrum of the Family’s Health Program in Brazil, through its performers, performing place, way of development and goal. 

Methodology. Qualitative study in which a semi structured interview was performed to 65 nurses. 

Results. Educational activities are conceived by the interviewed nurses as an action which goal is the work process qualification: either helping the nurse in his job or helping in the building of a propulsive health actions strength in several stages of action. 

Conclusion. With continuous education both the nurse and their work environment are qualified.
Knowledge and self efficacy associated to HIV and AIDS prevention in Chilean women
Authors: Villegas Rodriguez Natalia Andrea , Ferrer Lagunas Lilian Marcela , Cianelli Acosta Rosina , Miner Sarah Mary , Lara Campos Loreto Andrea , Peragallo Nilda
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the relationship between knowledge and self efficacy associated to HIV/AIDS in women from Chile with social disadvantages. 

Methodology. Correlation study that uses the baseline assessment of the “Testing an HIV and AIDS intervention in Chilean women” study, carried out between 2006 and 2008, with a sample of 496 women between 18 and 49 years old, in 2 neighborhoods of Santiago de Chile. Participants answered a structured survey conducted by trained interviewers. The survey included questions about sociodemographic information, risk behaviors and a self-efficacy knowledge scale among others. 

Results. The average age was 32.3+9.1 years, 72.2% live with their partner and 42.7% have completed high school education. The mean score of HIV infection knowledge was 8.9+2.5, while the mean score for the three scales used to measure self-efficacy were: “Peer rules” =9.8+3.6, “Risk reduction intentions =12.2+3.6 and “Self Efficacy Form”=20.2+4.7. HIV knowledge had a weak positive correlation with the “Risk reduction intentions” scale (r=0.19; p< 0.0001) and the “Self Efficacy Form” scale (r=0.34; p< 0.0001), however there was no correlation with the “Safe sex peer rules” (r=0.13;p=0.78). 

Conclusion. There is a weak positive correlation between the HIV/AIDS related knowledge and self-efficacy among Chilean with social disadvantages.
La necesidad de difundir conocimiento en la disciplina de enfermería
Authors: Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles
Published: April 2023

Siendo la misión de Investigación y Educación en Enfermería “la divulgación de conocimientos científicos y técnicos referidos a la salud, la enfermedad y a los procesos que se relacionan con éstas, a la práctica de enfermería, y otras disciplinas de las áreas de la salud y afines”, es un compromiso que seamos el canal de intercambio de conocimientos y experiencias que en los ámbitos nacio- nal e internacional está produciendo nuestra disciplina. Para cumplir con ello, debemos enfrentar todos los días el reto de atraer a los autores para que escriban en nues tras páginas.

Por otra parte, lo que los investigadores miran cuando quieren publicar un artículo es que la Revista sea afín al área del tema y que les pueda brindar la mayor difusión a su trabajo. Un indicador muy utilizado actualmente a nivel mundial para la evaluación de la visibilidad de las revistas es el Factor de Impacto (FI), que viene siendo publicado anualmente desde 1975 por la compañía Thomson Reuters en el Journal Citation Reports® (JCR). Este indicador mide el número de veces que un artículo promedio de una revista es citado en un año en particular; a más alto FI se supone que es mayor la difusión del conocimiento.
Risk factors for complications in large for gestational age newborns.
Authors: Ballesté Irka , Álvarez Vega Aracelia Ramona , Alonso Uría Rosa María , Campo González Ana , Díaz Aguilar Rosa , Amador Morán Rafael
Published: April 2023

Objective. To explore the relationship between risk factors originated from the mother, labor and the newborn, with the risk of complications in the newborn large for gestational age.

Methodology. Analytical study of 170 cases of newborns large for gestational age (LGA), and 260 controls with appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA). Strength of association was estimated through the OR with its respective confidence intervals of 95%. Statistical significance was assumed when the probability value of the studied relationship was under 0.05.

Results 40.0% of the cases versus 13.1% of controls had any kind of complication. for an OR of 4.4 (CI95%: 2.7-7.1), prevailing congenital malformations, hypoglycemia and respiratory complications. Statistical significant correlation of the studied condition (LGA) with male sex was found.

Conclusion. Regarding children AGA, newborns LGA had a higher probability of complications, especially congenital malformations, respiratory and metabolic complication.
Knowledge of the Andalusian legislation on dignified death
Authors: Morales Amalia María , Schmidt Riovalle Jacqueline , García García Inmaculada
Published: April 2023

Objective. To determine the knowledge of the Andalusian “Legislation of Rights and Guarantees of the Dignity of Individuals during the Death Process” and perception of the formation on attention to terminally ill patients by students of health sciences at Universidad de Granada, Spain.

Methodology. Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted in 2010, with the participation of 572 students from the Nursing, Physical Therapy, and Occupational Therapy careers of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidad de Granada. A questionnaire including 19 variables was used. The data gathered was analyzed with the SPSS 15.0 program.

Results. Half of the participants know of this Legislation. A total of 86.7% of the students did not know that the limitation of the therapeutic effort is a legal practice throughout Spain; 97.9% did not know either that the limitation of vital support measures is a legal practice. 64.2% of the students feel capable of addressing this issue with terminally ill patients and their families. 83.3% of those surveyed report not having sufficient knowledge to provide information about the “Living testament”. Nursing students have greater knowledge of the Legislation studied; likewise, those who took the Palliative Care course obtained better results than students who did not.

Conclusion. Students do not have adequate knowledge of the Andalusian legislation of dignified death. Although the participants do not feel prepared academically to deal with these types of patients, they do consider themselves capable of doing so.