bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The self-assembly mechanism of tetra-peptides from the motif of β-amyloid peptides: a combined coarse-grained and all-atom molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Liang Lijun , Wang Li-Wei , Shen Jia-Wei
Published: October 2016

Understanding the self-assembly mechanisms of tetra-peptides from Aβ-peptides into different nanostructures.
Graphene oxide-based selection and identification of ofloxacin-specific single-stranded DNA aptamers
Authors: Zhang Yuhong , You Yuanding , Xia Ziwei , Han Xuyan , Tian Yaping , Zhou Nandi
Published: October 2016

ssDNA aptamers specific to ofloxacin with high affinity were screened using graphene oxide-SELEX.
Probing nanomechanical properties with AFM to understand the structure and behavior of polymer blends compatibilized with ionic liquids
Authors: Megevand Benjamin , Pruvost Sébastien , Lins Luanda C. , Livi Sébastien , Gérard Jean-François , Duchet-Rumeau Jannick
Published: October 2016

The PeakForce QNM AFM mode was used to investigate the nanoscale mechanical properties of poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBAT/PLA) blends successfully compatibilized with phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs).
Low-temperature catalytic oxidation of vinyl chloride over Ru modified Co3O4 catalysts
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Chuanhui , Hua Wenchao , Guo Yanglong , Lu Guanzhong , Gil Sonia , Giroir-Fendler Anne
Published: October 2016

1% Ru/Co3O4 presented the best catalytic activity and stability for vinyl chloride oxidation with low amount by-products.
Direct observation of electronic transition–plasmon coupling for enhanced electron injection in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Kar Prasenjit , Maji Tuhin Kumar , Sarkar Probir Kumar , Sardar Samim , Pal Samir Kumar
Published: October 2016

We illustrate experimental evidence of the effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of a noble metal on the ultrafast-electron injection efficiencies of a sensitizing dye in proximity of a wide band gap semiconductor.
Electrochemical preparation of tin–titania nanocomposite arrays
Authors: Prutsch D. , Wilkening M. , Hanzu I.
Published: October 2016

The first successful electrodeposition of Sn inside self-organized anodic titania nanotubes.
Difference in pi-electron delocalization for monosubstituted olefinic and aromatic systems
Authors: Siodla T. , Szatylowicz H. , Varaksin K. S. , Krygowski T. M.
Published: October 2016

Application of HOMA to a series of monosubstituted derivatives of cyclohexa-1,3-diene (olefinic) and benzene (aromatic) revealed an increase of the pi-electron delocalization in olefinic systems and a decrease in the case of aromatic systems.
Pectinases immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles and their anti-fouling performance in a biocatalytic membrane reactor
Authors: Gebreyohannes Abaynesh Yihdego , Mazzei Rosalinda , Poerio Teresa , Aimar Pierre , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. , Giorno Lidietta
Published: October 2016

Reversible enzyme immobilization on membrane using magneto-responsive bionanocomposites, magneto-responsive mixed matrix membrane and an external magnetic field forin situmembrane biocatalysis.
Periodic mesoporous organosilicas functionalized with iron(iii) complexes: preparation, characterization and catalysis on direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol
Authors: Gu Erxing , Zhong Wei , Liu Xiaoming
Published: October 2016

Incorporation of iron(iii) complexes into hydrophobic periodic mesoporous organosilica prevents over-oxidation of phenol and hence significantly improves both the selectivity and yield of phenol compared with their corresponding homogeneous iron precursors.
Determination of triazine herbicides from honey samples based on hydrophilic molecularly imprinted resins followed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Tianyu , Hou Juan , Yuan Ding , Li Huiyu , Zhang Ping , Li Yi , Ding Hong , Chen Yanhua , Ding Lan
Published: October 2016

A facile, novel and efficient approach to extract six triazine herbicides from honey samples based on hydrophilic molecularly imprinted resins (MIRs) was described.
Electro-chemo-mechanical deformation properties of polypyrrole/dodecylbenzenesulfate linear actuators in aqueous and organic electrolyte
Authors: Kivilo A. , Zondaka Z. , Kesküla A. , Rasti P. , Tamm T. , Kiefer R.
Published: October 2016

The immobilization of dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS−) in polypyrrole (PPy) during electropolymerization is typically expected to lead to cation-driven activity. Here we demonstrate that the actuation direction changed by using same electrolyte but different solvent.
Preparation and enhanced electrocatalytic activity of graphene supported palladium nanoparticles with multi-edges and corners
Authors: Liu Zhelin , Feng Yinghui , Wu Xiaofeng , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua , Dong Xiangting , Yang Ying , Zhao Bo
Published: October 2016

Pd nanoparticles with multi-edges and corners are prepared and assembled on reduced graphene oxide to examine the electrocatalytic activity. Point discharge is regarded to be capable of facilitating the electron transfer.
Polyhedron Cu2O@Ag composite microstructures: synthesis, mechanism analysis and structure-dependent SERS properties
Authors: Luo Haiqing , Zhou Jun , Zhong Hanhua , Zhou Lu , Jia Zhenghong , Tan Xiaoling
Published: October 2016

The morphological evolution of polyhedral Cu2O crystals and the LSPR and SERS characteristics of the as-synthesized polyhedral Cu2O@Ag CMs with different structures.
Efficient purification of single-walled carbon nanotube fibers by instantaneous current injection and acid washing
Authors: Li Shuhui , Shang Yuanyuan , Zhao Wenqi , Wang Ying , Li Xinjian , Cao Anyuan
Published: October 2016

Direct purification of twist-spun single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) fibers by applying an instantaneous high current through the fiber.
Copper-modified TS-1 catalyzed hydroxylation of phenol with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant
Authors: Wu Guoqiang , Xiao Jianhui , Zhang Lei , Wang Wenjun , Hong Yanping , Huang Huajun , Jiang Yan , Li Liang , Wang Chunrong
Published: October 2016

The Cu2+ species and framework Ti of the Cu/TS-1-2 catalyst can promote the phenol hydroxylation reaction.
Bi-layer hole-injecting layer composed of molybdenum oxide and polyelectrolyte for solution-processed OLEDs with prolonged stability
Authors: Peng Jinghong , Xu Xinjun , Yao Chuang , Li Lidong
Published: October 2016

Bi-layer hole-injecting layer composed of molybdenum oxide and polyelectrolyte was used for efficient and stable solution processed OLEDs.
Changes in the enzyme-induced release of bitter peptides from wheat gluten hydrolysates
Authors: Liu Bo-Ye , Zhu Ke-Xue , Guo Xiao-Na , Peng Wei , Zhou Hui-Ming
Published: October 2016

Extraction of wheat gluten hydrolysates prepared using Proteax with isobutyl alcohol has opened a new avenue for exploring the release characteristics of bitter peptides.
Chemical forms and risk assessment of heavy metals in sludge-biochar produced by microwave-induced low temperature pyrolysis
Authors: Liu Xingxin , Wang Yawei , Gui Chengmin , Li Ping , Zhang Junya , Zhong Hui , Wei Yuansong
Published: October 2016

Microwave-induced low temperature pyrolysis can reduce the risk of most heavy metals in biochar prepared from sewage sludge, except the Cd and Pb.
A new tool for NMR analysis of complex systems: selective pure shift TOCSY
Authors: Dal Poggetto G. , Castañar L. , Morris G. A. , Nilsson M.
Published: October 2016

A new NMR experiment aids the identification of components in complex systems, including mixtures.
Facile synthesis of a dimeric titanium(iv) complex with terminal TiO moieties and its application as a catalyst for the cycloaddition reaction of CO2to epoxides
Authors: Kim Hyejin , Choi Sung Ho , Ahn Duseong , Kim Yoseph , Ryu Ji Yeon , Lee Junseong , Kim Youngjo
Published: October 2016

Dimeric terminal oxo-titanium complex1having no TiO→Ti bonds could be easily synthesized. The titanium complexes1and2could act as catalysts for cycloaddition between CO2and epoxides in the presence of cocatalysts.
Synthesis and meticulous molecular, morphological and thermal characterization of linear and star-shaped polycaprolactones
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Oh Joongsuk , Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Shah Muhammad Raza , Ahmed Shakil , Malik Muhammad Imran
Published: October 2016

Linear and star-shaped polycaprolactones: two-dimensional separation.
Bottom-up design of a stable CO-tolerant platinum electrocatalyst with enhanced fuel cell performance in direct methanol fuel cells
Authors: Yu Xinxin , Luo Fang , Yang Zehui
Published: October 2016

Here, we design a stable CO tolerant platinum electrocatalyst via a bottom-up method, in which the platinum nanoparticles are deposited on carbon black after coating with polybenzimidazole (PBI) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP).
Water-floating nanohybrid films of layered titanate–graphene for sanitization of algae without secondary pollution
Authors: Kim In Young , Lee Jang Mee , Hwang Eui-Ho , Pei Yi-Rong , Jin Woo-Bin , Choy Jin-Ho , Hwang Seong-Ju
Published: October 2016

A novel efficient and safe methodology to sanitize algae in natural water without secondary pollution is developed by fabricating floating graphene–inorganic hybrid films.
Correction: Combining microfluidics and FT-IR spectroscopy: towards spatially resolved information on chemical processes
Authors: Perro Adeline , Lebourdon Gwenaelle , Henry Sarah , Lecomte Sophie , Servant Laurent , Marre Samuel
Published: October 2016

Correction for ‘Combining microfluidics and FT-IR spectroscopy: towards spatially resolved information on chemical processes' by Adeline Perro et al., React. Chem. Eng., 2016, DOI: 10.1039/c6re00127k.
The effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on the academic achievement of students studying ‘Electrochemistry’
Authors: Günter Tuğçe , Alpat Sibel Kılınç
Published: October 2016

This study investigates the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on students' academic achievements in studying ‘Electrochemistry’ within a course on Analytical Chemistry. The research was of a pretest–posttest control group quasi-experimental design and it was conducted with second year students in the Chemistry Teaching Program at the Faculty of Education at Dokuz Eylul University. The topic was taught with PBL in the experimental group and with expository teaching strategies in the control group. The ‘Chemistry achievement test (CAT)’ was applied as the pre-test and post-test in both groups. Post-test scores from the CAT demonstrated that there was a significant difference between the academic achievements of the two groups in favour of the experimental group (U= 8.500,p< 0.05). After using PBL for a period, eleven open-ended questions related to the topic were asked to both groups. The results of these questions were categorized and the scores obtained from the categories were evaluated using content analysis. The results of the scores obtained from the open-ended questions showed that the students in the experimental group were able to make statements containing fewer misconceptions and also had a better understanding of this topic when compared to the students in the control group (U= 2.500,p< 0.05). The correlation between the scores in the CAT post-test and the scores obtained from the open-ended questions of the experimental and control groups was also examined. The Spearman correlation coefficients were found to be 0.907 and 0.595 for the experimental and the control group, respectively. This finding indicated that there was a positive and very high level of statistically significant correlation between the scores in the CAT post-test and the scores obtained from the open-ended questions of the students in the experimental group. Therefore this finding also supports the conclusion that the students in the experimental group were better able to understand the topic and its structure compared to the students in the control group. At the end of the application, the results of semi-structured interviews carried out showed that students in the experimental group had positive opinions regarding PBL.
β-Hairpin mimics containing a piperidine–pyrrolidine scaffold modulate the β-amyloid aggregation process preserving the monomer species
Authors: Pellegrino S. , Tonali N. , Erba E. , Kaffy J. , Taverna M. , Contini A. , Taylor M. , Allsop D. , Gelmi M. L. , Ongeri S.
Published: October 2016

Acyclic β-hairpins designed on oligomeric and fibril structures of Aβ1–42 disrupt protein–protein interactions mediating amyloid β-peptide aggregation.
PBDTTPD for plastic solar cells via Pd(PPh3)4-catalyzed direct (hetero)arylation polymerization
Authors: Marzano G. , Carulli F. , Babudri F. , Pellegrino A. , Po R. , Luzzati S. , Farinola G. M.
Published: October 2016

Pd(PPh3)4-catalyzed direct (hetero)arylation polymerization (DHAP) affords PBDTTPD in higher molar mass than Stille coupling. PDHAP-based solar cells display PCE up to 5.3%.
Enhanced charge carrier transport properties in colloidal quantum dot solar cells via organic and inorganic hybrid surface passivation
Authors: Hong John , Hou Bo , Lim Jongchul , Pak Sangyeon , Kim Byung-Sung , Cho Yuljae , Lee Juwon , Lee Young-Woo , Giraud Paul , Lee Sanghyo , Park Jong Bae , Morris Stephen M. , Snaith Henry J. , Sohn Jung Inn , Cha SeungNam , Kim Jong Min
Published: October 2016

We report a PbS QD hybrid passivation structure to eliminate trap sites while increasing charge extraction in QD solar cells.
A deprotection strategy of a BODIPY conjugated porous polymer to obtain a heterogeneous (dipyrrin)(bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) visible light photocatalyst
Authors: Liras Marta , Pintado-Sierra Mercedes , Iglesias Marta , Sánchez Félix
Published: October 2016

A deprotection strategy of BODIPY conjugated porous polymers (CMPBDP) has been applied to synthesize a new (dipyrrin)(bipyridine)Ru(ii) (CMPBDP-Ru) efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for iminium ion generation under visible light.
Addictive-assisted construction of all-inorganic CsSnIBr2mesoscopic perovskite solar cells with superior thermal stability up to 473 K
Authors: Li Wenzhe , Li Jiangwei , Li Jiaoli , Fan Jiandong , Mai Yaohua , Wang Liduo
Published: October 2016

Hypophosphorous acid (HPA) additive could effectively reduce the Sn vacancy density of CsSnIBr2films and achieve highly thermal stable PSCs.
Biocompatible polymer–metal–organic framework composite patches for cutaneous administration of cosmetic molecules
Authors: Márquez Alfonso García , Hidalgo Tania , Lana Hugo , Cunha Denise , Blanco-Prieto María Jose , Álvarez-Lorenzo Carmen , Boissière Cédric , Sánchez Clément , Serre Christian , Horcajada Patricia
Published: October 2016

Caffeine-containing polymer–nanoMOF patches as promising cutaneous formulations.
3D printed structures for delivery of biomolecules and cells: tissue repair and regeneration
Authors: Park Ju Young , Gao Ge , Jang Jinah , Cho Dong-Woo
Published: October 2016

This paper reviews the current approaches to using 3D printed structures to deliver bioactive factors (e.g., cells and biomolecules) for tissue repair and regeneration.
Green preparation of carbon dots for intracellular pH sensing and multicolor live cell imaging
Authors: Wang Wen-Jing , Xia Jun-Mei , Feng Ji , He Meng-Qi , Chen Ming-Li , Wang Jian-Hua
Published: October 2016

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots exhibit a distinct pH-sensitive/excitation-dependent photoluminescence emission feature within pH 4.0–8.0, facilitating intracellular pH sensing and multicolor imaging of live HeLa cells.
“Dark” carbon dots specifically “light-up” calcified zebrafish bones
Authors: Li Shanghao , Skromne Isaac , Peng Zhili , Dallman Julia , Al-Youbi Abdulrahman O. , Bashammakh Abdulaziz S. , El-Shahawi Mohammad S. , Leblanc Roger M.
Published: October 2016

Accidents, disease and aging compromise the structural and physiological functions of bones, and anin vivobone imaging test is critical to identify, detect and diagnose bone related development and dysfunctions.
Water processable Prussian blue–polyaniline:polystyrene sulfonate nanocomposite (PB–PANI:PSS) for multi-color electrochromic applications
Authors: Hu Chih-Wei , Kawamoto Tohru , Tanaka Hisashi , Takahashi Akira , Lee Kyoung-Moo , Kao Sheng-Yuan , Liao Ying-Chih , Ho Kuo-Chuan
Published: October 2016

The novel PB–PANI:PSS thin film shows multi-color electrochromism at −0.5 V (transparent), +0.2 V (green), and +0.5 V (blue-green).
Modular synthesis of simple cycloruthenated complexes with state-of-the-art performance in p-type DSCs
Authors: Brunner Felix , Marinakis Nathalie , Wobill Cedric , Willgert Markus , Ertl Cathrin D. , Kosmalski Tatjana , Neuburger Markus , Bozic-Weber Biljana , Glatzel Thilo , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E.
Published: October 2016

An adaptable strategy to introduce different anchors to [Ru(N⁁N)2(C⁁N)]+ dyes is described; use of a phosphonic acid anchor on NiO leads to p-type DSCs with JSC = 3.38 mA cm−2 and PEC of 0.116%.
PCBM-doped electro-optic materials: investigation of dielectric, optical and electro-optic properties for highly efficient poling
Authors: Wu Jieyun , Luo Jingdong , Cernetic Nathan , Chen Kaixin , Chiang Kin-Seng , Jen Alex K.-Y.
Published: October 2016

Fullerenes are ubiquitously popular in organic electronic materials and devices.
Driver circuit for a PAM‐4 optical transmitter using 65 nm CMOS and silicon photonic technologies
Authors: Zhou S. , Wu H. , Sadeghipour K. , Scarcella C. , Eason C. , Rensing M. , Power M. , Antony C. , O'Brien P. , Townsend P. , Ossieur P.
Published: October 2016

A push–pull silicon photonic Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM) driver is presented which uses a switched capacitor approach to generate a ∼2 V peak‐to‐peak differential 4‐level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM‐4) signal. The driver chip includes a Gray encoder and retiming flip‐flops. The switched capacitor approach allows driving the lumped silicon photonic MZM with reduced power consumption compared with the conventional approach of driving MZMs (with transmission line based electrodes) with a power amplifier. This is critical for upcoming short‐reach link standards such as 400 Gbit/s 802.3 Ethernet. The chip was fabricated using a 65 nm CMOS technology and flip‐chipped on top of the silicon photonic chip (fabricated using IMEC's ISIPP25G technology) that contains the MZM. Open eyes with 4 dB extinction ratio for a 36 Gbit/s (18 Gbaud) PAM‐4 signal are experimentally demonstrated. The electronic driver chip has a core area of 0.11 mm2 and consumes 236 mW from 1.2 to 2.4 V supply voltages. This corresponds to an energy efficiency of 6.55 pJ/bit including Gray encoder and retiming, or 5.37 pJ/bit for the driver circuit only.
Person re‐identification with discriminatively trained viewpoint invariant orthogonal dictionaries
Authors: Gao Bin , Zeng Mingyong , Xu Shiming , Sun Fenggang , Guo Jibin
Published: October 2016

A novel and efficient method for person re‐identification based on orthogonal dictionary learning is proposed. The orthogonal dictionary exhibits extraordinary discriminative power than the classical dictionary learning. It is learned with the help of convex optimisation and customised trace optimisation. The approach has been evaluated against current methods on a benchmark dataset and can reach outstanding performance.
Modified hybrid modulation scheme with even switch thermal distribution for H‐bridge hybrid cascaded inverters
Authors: Ren Lei , Gong Chunying , He Kaiyi , Zhao Yao
Published: October 2016

Hybrid cascaded multilevel inverters have been recognised as an important alternative in the medium‐voltage inverter market due to their high‐quality output and outstanding availability. To optimise the performance of voltage‐source converters, modulation technologies have attracted more and more attention. With conventional modulation technologies, the switches within a cell are not utilised at a uniform switching frequency, which is not benefit for reliability and modularity. To solve this problem, a modified hybrid modulation strategy based on unipolar frequency doubling is proposed for H‐bridge hybrid cascaded inverters. The equivalence of different multilevel carrier‐based modulation strategies is revealed and corresponding implement methods are provided. Based on the equivalent hybrid modulation strategy, a modified hybrid modulation strategy is presented by using unipolar frequency doubling. Compared with the conventional modulation strategies, the proposed strategy makes a more uniform use of the switches within a cell. The proposed strategy keeps the output quality and efficiency while the maximum switching frequency is decreased by half. The strategy has been successfully substantiated by the simulation and experimental results of a seven‐level hybrid cascaded inverter.
The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey first data release: Spectra and spectroscopic redshifts of 698 objects up to zspec ~ 6 in CANDELS
Authors: Tasca L. A. M. , Le Fèvre O. , Ribeiro B. , Thomas R. , Moreau C. , Cassata P. , Garilli B. , Le Brun V. , Lemaux B. C. , Maccagni D. , Pentericci L. , Schaerer D. , Vanzella E. , Zamorani G. , Zucca E. , Amorin R. , Bardelli S. , Cassarà L. P. , Castellano M. , Cimatti A. , Cucciati O. , Durkalec A. , Fontana A. , Giavalisco M. , Grazian A. , Hathi N. P. , Ilbert O. , Paltani S. , Pforr J. , Scodeggio M. , Sommariva V. , Talia M. , Tresse L. , Vergani D. , Capak P. , Charlot S. , Contini T. , de la Torre S. , Dunlop J. , Fotopoulou S. , Guaita L. , Koekemoer A. , López-Sanjuan C. , Mellier Y. , Salvato M. , Scoville N. , Taniguchi Y. , Wang P. W.
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the first data release (DR1) of the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS). The VUDS-DR1 is the release of all low-resolution spectroscopic data obtained in 276.9 arcmin2 of the CANDELS-COSMOS and CANDELS-ECDFS survey areas, including accurate spectroscopic redshifts zspec and individual spectra obtained with VIMOS on the ESO-VLT. A total of 698 objects have a measured redshift, with 677 galaxies, two type-I AGN, and a small number of 19 contaminating stars. The targets of the spectroscopic survey are selected primarily on the basis of their photometric redshifts to ensure a broad population coverage. About 500 galaxies have zspec > 2, 48of which have zspec > 4; the highest reliable redshifts reach beyond zspec = 6. This data set approximately doubles the number of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts at z > 3 in these fields. We discuss the general properties of the VUDS–DR1 sample in terms of the spectroscopic redshift distribution, the distribution of Lyman-α equivalent widths, and physical properties including stellar masses M⋆ and star formation rates derived from spectral energy distribution fitting with the knowledge of zspec. We highlight the properties of the most massive star-forming galaxies, noting the wide range in spectral properties, with Lyman-α in emission or in absorption, and in imaging properties with compact, multi-component, or pair morphologies. We present the catalogue database and data products. All VUDS-DR1 data are publicly available and can be retrieved from a dedicated query-based database. Future VUDS data releases will follow this VUDS-DR1 to give access to the spectra and associated measurement of ~8000 objects in the full ~1 square degree of the VUDS survey.
Characterization of electron kinetics regime with electron energy probability functions in inductively coupled hydrogen plasmas
Authors: Kim June Young , Cho Won-Hwi , Dang Jeong-Jeung , Chung Kyoung-Jae , Hwang Y. S.
Published: October 2016

Electron kinetics regime is characterized with the evolution of electron energy probability functions (EEPFs) in inductively coupled hydrogen plasmas. Measurements on EEPFs are carried out with a radio-frequency-compensated single Langmuir probe at the center of a planar-type hydrogen plasma driven by 13.56 MHz wave frequency. Measured EEPFs deviate considerably from the Maxwellian distribution only at relatively high pressures (15–40 mTorr), and the effective electron temperature steeply decreases as the gas pressure increases. Such evolution of the EEPF shapes with pressures is discussed in the consideration of the electron energy relaxation length and various characteristic frequencies. It is found that the EEPFs show locally depleted electron energy distribution where the electron-molecule vibrational collision frequency exceeds the electron-electron collision frequency at the local kinetics regime, while the measured EEPF is not dependent on the vibrational collision frequency at the non-local kinetics regime. Variation of the EEPF shape with distance from the heating region at the local kinetics regime is also well explained in the context of the energy relaxation length and electron-molecule collision frequencies. This study indicates that the control of electron energy distribution should be carried out in the consideration of electron kinetic regime depending on the energy relaxation length for various hydrogen plasma sources.
Tuning interfacial exchange interactions via electronic reconstruction in transition-metal oxide heterostructures
Authors: Li Binzhi , Chopdekar Rajesh V. , N'Diaye Alpha T. , Mehta Apurva , Byers J. Paige , Browning Nigel D. , Arenholz Elke , Takamura Yayoi
Published: October 2016

The impact of interfacial electronic reconstruction on the magnetic characteristics of La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 (LSCO)/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) heterostructures was investigated as a function of layer thickness using a combination of soft x-ray magnetic spectroscopy and bulk magnetometry. We found that the magnetic properties of the LSCO layers are impacted by two competing electronic interactions occurring at the LSCO/substrate and LSMO/LSCO interfaces. For thin LSCO layers (<5 nm), the heterostructures exist in a highly coupled state where the chemically distinct layers behave as a single magnetic compound with magnetically active Co2+ ions. As the LSCO thickness increases, a high coercivity LSCO layer develops which biases a low coercivity layer, which is composed not only of the LSMO layer but also an interfacial LSCO layer. These results suggest an intriguing route to tune the magnetic properties of transition metal oxide heterostructures through careful control of the interface structure.
Orientation-dependent electromechanical properties of Mn-doped (Li,Na,K)(Nb,Ta)O3 single crystals
Authors: Liu Hairui , Koruza Jurij , Veber Philippe , Rytz Daniel , Maglione Mario , Rödel Jürgen
Published: October 2016

Orientation and temperature dependence of dielectric and electromechanical properties of Mn-doped (Li,Na,K)(Nb,Ta)O3 single crystals were investigated. Samples exhibited very low dielectric losses, with tanδ between 0.03 and 0.05 over a broad temperature range between room temperature and 480 °C. Influences of the crystallographic structure and external electric field on polarization and strain parameters are discussed. The orientation-dependent electrical properties were ascribed to the anisotropic polarization rotation in the crystals. Higher maximum polarization, coercive field, and negative strain were achieved when the electric field was oriented along one of the spontaneous polarization directions. The highest maximum unipolar strain of 0.42% (at 3 kV/mm) and the normalized strain d33* of 1391 pm/V were obtained in the [001]PC-oriented sample at 100 °C, which was much higher than the values obtained for the [110]PC-oriented sample. Further insight of the phase transition behavior is given by comparing the temperature-dependence of the small- and large-signal dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The observed changes are rationalized by the different increase rates of the dielectric permittivity and piezoelectric coefficients with temperature.
Strong Coulomb scattering effects on low frequency noise in monolayer WS2 field-effect transistors
Authors: Joo Min-Kyu , Yun Yoojoo , Yun Seokjoon , Lee Young Hee , Suh Dongseok
Published: October 2016

When atomically thin semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are used as a channel material, they are inevitably exposed to supporting substrates. This situation can lead to masking of intrinsic properties by undesired extrinsic doping and/or additional conductance fluctuations from the largely distributed Coulomb impurities at the interface between the channel and the substrate. Here, we report low-frequency noise characteristics in monolayer WS2 field-effect transistors on silicon/silicon-oxide substrate. To mitigate the effect of extrinsic low-frequency noise sources, a nitrogen annealing was carried out to provide better interface quality and to suppress the channel access resistance. The carrier number fluctuation and the correlated mobility fluctuation (CNF-CMF) model was better than the sole CNF one to explain our low-frequency noise data, because of the strong Coulomb scattering effect on the effective mobility caused by carrier trapping/detrapping at oxide traps. The temperature-dependent field-effect mobility in the four-probe configuration and the Coulomb scattering parameters are presented to support this strong Coulomb scattering effect on carrier transport in monolayer WS2 field-effect transistor.
Reproducible resistive switching in the super-thin Bi2FeCrO6 epitaxial film with SrRuO3 bottom electrode
Authors: Xu Wenting , Sun Jiao , Xu Xijun , Yuan Guoliang , Zhang Yongjun , Liu Junming , Liu Zhiguo
Published: October 2016

The reproducible and reliable resistive switching is observed in the ultrathin Bi2FeCrO6 (BFCO) epitaxial film on (001) SrTiO3 substrate with SrRuO3 as the bottom electrode. The as-grown BFCO film allows its ferroelectric polarization switching under external electric field. With a 100-nm-radius tip contacting film surface, a stable bipolar resistive switching was observed through the conductive atomic force microscope. Furthermore, the resistive switching at negative bias was observed and its high/low current ratio is above 15 among a thousand of current versus voltage curves measured by the scanning tunneling microscope with a non-contacting nm-scale tip. It is argued that this transport mechanism is due to quantum tunneling, and the resistive switching in these junctions is because of ferroelectric switching.
Topological charge transfer in frequency doubling of fractional orbital angular momentum state
Authors: Ni R. , Niu Y. F. , Du L. , Hu X. P. , Zhang Y. , Zhu S. N.
Published: October 2016

Nonlinear frequency conversion is promising for manipulating photons with orbital angular momentum (OAM). In this letter, we investigate the second harmonic generation (SHG) of light beams carrying fractional OAM. By measuring the OAM components of the generated second harmonic (SH) waves, we find that the integer components of the fundamental beam will interact with each other during the nonlinear optical process; thus, we figure out the law for topological charge transfer in frequency doubling of the fractional OAM state. Theoretical predictions by solving the nonlinear coupled wave equations are consistent with the experimental results.
Reach, engagement, and effectiveness: a systematic review of evaluation methodologies used in health promotion via social networking sites
Authors: Lim Megan S. C. , Wright Cassandra J. C. , Carrotte Elise R. , Pedrana Alisa E.
Published: October 2016

Issue addressed

Social networking sites (SNS) are increasingly popular platforms for health promotion. Advancements in SNS health promotion require quality evidence; however, interventions are often not formally evaluated. This study aims to describe evaluation practices used in SNS health promotion.

Methods

A systematic review was undertaken of Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Communication and Mass Media Complete, and Cochrane Library databases. Articles published between 2006 and 2013 describing any health promotion intervention delivered using SNS were included.

Results

Forty‐seven studies were included. There were two main evaluation approaches: closed designs (n = 23), which used traditional research designs and formal recruitment procedures; and open designs (n = 19), which evaluated the intervention in a real‐world setting, allowing unknown SNS users to interact with the content without enrolling in research. Closed designs were unable to assess reach and engagement beyond their research sample. Open designs often relied on weaker study designs with no use of objective outcome measures and yielded low response rates.

Conclusions

Barriers to evaluation included low participation rates, high attrition, unknown representativeness and lack of comparison groups. Acceptability was typically assessed among those engaged with the intervention, with limited population data available to accurately assess intervention reach. Few studies were able to assess uptake of the intervention in a real‐life setting while simultaneously assessing effectiveness of interventions with research rigour.

So what?

Through use of quasi‐experimental or well designed before‐after evaluations, in combination with detailed engagement metrics, it is possible to balance assessment of effectiveness and reach to evaluate SNS health promotion.
A Proposal for a Next Generation European Neutron Source
Authors: Andersen K.H. , Carlile C.J.
Published: October 2016

We argue that it is not too early to begin the planning process for a next generation neutron source for Europe, even as the European Spallation Source is being constructed. We put forward three main arguments. Firstly, nowadays the period between the first scientific concept of a new facility being proposed and its actual realisation is approaching half a century. We show evidence for this. Secondly, there is a straightforward development of the short pulse/long pulse spallation concepts that will deliver gains in neutron brightness of more than a factor 30 over what the ESS will soon deliver and provide the optimum balance between resolution and intensity. We describe our concept, which is a spallation source where the proton pulse length is matched to the moderating time of slow neutrons. Thirdly, when we look at our colleagues in astronomy and high energy physics, we see that they have a totally different, more global and more ambitious approach to the coming generations of large facilities. We argue that it is time for the neutron community not simply to rest upon its laurels and take what is given but to be proactive..
No Place for the Political: Micro‐Geographies of the Paris Climate Conference 2015
Authors: Weisser Florian , Müller‐Mahn Detlef
Published: October 2016

Building upon post‐foundational political philosophies, this article scrutinizes the Paris Climate Conference in December 2015 from a micro‐geographical perspective. The analysis suggests that three different spaces exist at the site of the summit and reveals how their constituting practices and material arrangements rendered “Paris” post‐democratic. We begin with exposing the staged statements of the world's political elites in the meticulously orchestrated Leaders Event as different phenotypes of the post‐democratic condition. We then investigate the formal negotiations in the cordoned‐off backrooms, where positions within the system were at stake, but not the system as such. Finally, we wander through the strictly policed “trade fair” and unveil attempts to entice delegates into techno‐managerial solutions to the climate crisis. In the conclusion, we ponder over the prospects of environmental activism at the COPs in the light of their massive depoliticization.
Pumping and electron-stimulated desorption properties of a dual-layer nonevaporable getter
Authors: Malyshev Oleg B. , Valizadeh Reza , Hannah Adrian N.
Published: October 2016

The ASTeC Vacuum Science Group has an ongoing study for the improvement of the nonevaporable getter (NEG) coatings currently used in many accelerators around the world. The main advantages of using NEG coatings are evenly distributed pumping speed, low thermal outgassing rates, and low photon-stimulated gas desorption and electron-stimulated gas desorption (ESD). Previously, it was shown that the dense NEG coating provides lower ESD compared to that of a columnar film, but its pumping properties are reduced. This paper describes the results for a dual layer of NEG where a dense layer was deposited first and a columnar layer was then deposited on top. In such a dual-layer NEG coating, the dense layer acted as a barrier for hydrogen diffusion and the columnar layer further reduced the ESD of hydrogen and provided improved pumping properties. An alloy target of Ti-Zr-Hf-V was used to deposit a 0.5 μm-thick layer of the dense NEG followed by a 1 μm-thick columnar structure of NEG onto the inner surface of a 50-cm long stainless steel tube. The composition and the structure of the dual layer were determined by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The NEG vacuum performance was tested using the ESD and pumping properties, which were measured on a dedicated in-house designed facility.
Sound radiation from a fluid-loaded plate with periodic inhomogeneities of finite width
Authors: Zhang Yanni , Huang Hai , Pan Jie
Published: October 2016

This paper focuses on the frequency-filtering behavior of the structural vibration and sound radiation of a fluid-loaded plate with periodic inhomogeneities of finite width. The passbands of the flexural waves in the plate and the frequency bands of effective sound radiation from the plate are examined for air and water loading conditions. The mechanisms that generate the differences in these two bands are explained by analyzing the dispersion curves of the waves in the plate and the sound radiation behavior of supersonic wavenumber components in the plate vibration. The effects of fluid loading on the properties of these two bands are highlighted. A parametric study is also conducted to illustrate the effects of the width and magnitude of the inhomogeneities on the sound radiation characteristics.
Linear stiff string vibrations in musical acoustics: Assessment and comparison of models
Authors: Ducceschi Michele , Bilbao Stefan
Published: October 2016

Strings are amongst the most common elements found in musical instruments and an appropriate physical description of string dynamics is essential to modelling, analysis, and simulation. For linear vibration in a single polarisation, the most common model is based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam equation under tension. In spite of its simple form, such a model gives unbounded phase and group velocities at large wavenumbers, and such behaviour may be interpreted as unphysical. The Timoshenko model has, therefore, been employed in more recent works to overcome such shortcoming. This paper presents a third model based on the shear beam equations. The three models are here assessed and compared with regard to the perceptual considerations in musical acoustics.
Soliton interaction and further merging in normal-dispersion fiber lasers modeled with the cubic-quintic CGLE
Authors: Urzagasti D.
Published: October 2016

We study the interaction and merging of optical solitons in normal-dispersion fiber lasers within the framework of the cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg–Landau equation (CGLE). We start finding homogeneous analytic solutions to this equation that are used in numerical simulations to build interacting kinks that lead to the formation of stable solitons. We then study numerically the interaction and merging of these solitons and characterize this process using moments such as the energy and momentum along the fiber. We have found that the merging process occurs only for small enough values of the initial distance (that depends on the phase difference) between solitons, otherwise they repel each other monotonically. The structure of the merging process shows a double peaked energy burst and (depending on the phase difference) a gain and/or loss of momentum. Finally, we propose a fitting model for isolated solitons in order to find a suitable analytical representation for the attractive interaction law before their merging.
Alternation by region crossing changes and implications for warping span
Authors: Kreinbihl James , Martin Ra’jene , Murphy Colin , Renn McKenna , Townsend Jennifer
Published: October 2016

We examine the number of region crossing changes necessary to produce alternation of a diagram. This property leads to an invariant similar to the dealternating number, but which offers new insight. In particular, we apply the reasoning built for this invariant to prove that (warping) span of any knot is at most 2.
Distributivity for Semi-Nullnorms Over Semi-t-Operators
Authors: Qin Feng , Min You-Mei
Published: October 2016

The problem of distributivity was posed many years ago and it has been investigated for families of certain operations, such as t-norms, t-conorms, uninorms and nullnorms. In this paper, we continue to investigate the same topic as the above by focusing on semi-nullnorms and semi-t-operators, which are generalization of nullnorms and t-operators by omitting commutativity and associativity, and commutativity, respectively. The obtained results are not only the full characterization of this kind of distributivity equation, but also extensions of distributivity for nullnorms and for semi-nullnorms. Moreover, this paper finishes the full characterization of distributivity between semi-nullnorms and semi-t-operators together with Refs. 6 and 20.
Design and Implementation of Self-Adaptive PD Controller Based on Fuzzy Logic Algorithm for Omni-Directional Fast Robots in Presence of Model Uncertainties
Authors: Sheikhlar A. , Fakharian A. , Beik-Mohammadi H. , Adhami-Mirhosseini A.
Published: October 2016

In this paper, a self-adaptive PD (SAPD) is employed for motion control of omni-directional robots. The method contains a PD controller that can be tuned online using a fuzzy logic system (FLS). Fast and accurate positioning is one of significant challenges in robot platforms. In addition, some uncertainties have adverse effects on traditional control system's performance during the robot's motion. Slow responses, low accuracy and instability are the most important drawbacks of widespread controllers in presence of uncertain dynamics. Since the fuzzy algorithm can deal with uncertainties and nonlinearities, the proposed method can tackle the mentioned problems. The controller is designed based on an uncertain model and implemented on a four wheeled omni-directional fast robot. The novelty of this article is proposing an enhanced version of well-known gain scheduling PD controller to improve positioning performance of the robot in different circumstances. Experimental results show that the method can provide a desirable performance in the presence of uncertainties.
A STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF THE PLGA-CURCUMIN TREATED RAT MODELS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS IMPROVEMENT USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: HAN SANG KUY , SUNG MI JEONG , AHN JIYUN , JEONG JINYOUNG , YUN HUI-SUK , LEE CHANG-SOO , KO CHEOLWOONG
Published: October 2016

Osteoporosis induced bone fracture is not limited to simple damage according to its fractured region and the age of the damaged person. Therefore, there has been more necessity to understand and study the biomechanical aspects of osteoporosis, and relevant research has actively been conducted. With the development of medical imaging technology, the reconstruction of CT images into a 3D model has been made possible, and it has been conducted to analyze 3-dimensionally and inhomogeneously distributed bone mineral density according to CT values. The 3D bone strength computational analysis based on 2D bone images utilized for evaluating the new treatment using the mixture of PLGA and curcumin for rat osteoporosis model. After the treatment, bone mineral density recovered by 65% compared to the osteoporosis model, moreover, bone strength improved by 113%. This study suggested that the limitations of conventional bone monitoring method using 2D bone images can be overcome by considering 3D bone computational analysis. It is considered that introducing the newly proposed Deformation Per Volume (DPW) and Stress Per Weight (SPW) can be also used as effective parameters to more accurately predict the change in bone stiffness.
A Multi-Domain Bivariate Pseudospectral Method for Evolution Equations
Authors: Magagula V. M. , Motsa S. S. , Sibanda P.
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we present a new general approach for solving nonlinear evolution partial differential equations. The novelty of the approach is in the combination of spectral collocation and Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Legendre–Gauss–Lobatto grid points to descritize and solve equations in piece-wise defined intervals. The method is used to solve several nonlinear evolution partial differential equations, namely, the modified KdV–Burgers equation, modified KdV equation, Fisher’s equation, Burgers–Fisher equation, Burgers–Huxley equation and the Fitzhugh–Nagumo equation. The results are compared with known analytic solutions to confirm accuracy, convergence and to get a general understanding of the performance of the method. In all the numerical experiments, we report a high degree of accuracy of the numerical solutions. Strategies for implementing various boundary conditions are discussed.
Assessment of Impact Detection Techniques for Aeronautical Application: ANN vs. LSSVM
Authors: Yue N. , Sharif Khodaei Z.
Published: October 2016

The impact localization in composite panels is assessed using two machine learning techniques: least square support vector machines (LSSVM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) with local strain signals from piezoelectric sensors. Sensor signals from impact experiments on a composite plate as well as signals simulated by a finite element model are used to train and test models. A comparative study shows that LSSVM achieves better accuracy than ANN on identifying location of impacts for a combination of large mass impact and small mass impact, in particular when less data is available for training which is more appropriate for real aeronautical application. Additionally, LSSVM is more capable of identifying new impact events which have not been considered in the training process.
Autonomous Control of Continuum Robot Manipulators for Complex Cardiac Ablation Tasks
Authors: Yip Michael C. , Sganga Jake A. , Camarillo David B.
Published: October 2016

Continuum manipulators enable minimally-invasive surgery on the beating heart, but the challenges involved in manually controlling the manipulator’s tip position and contact force with the tissue result in failed procedures and complications. The objective of this work is to achieve autonomous robotic control of a continuum manipulator’s position and force in a beating heart model. We present a model-less hybrid control approach that regulates the tip position/force of manipulators with unknown kinematics/mechanics, under unknown constraints along the manipulator’s body. The algorithms estimate the Jacobian in the presence of heartbeat disturbances and sensor noise in real time, enabling closed-loop control. Using this model-less control approach, a robotic catheter autonomously traced clinically relevant paths on a simulated beating heart environment while regulating contact force. A gating procedure is used to tighten the treatment margins and improve precision. Experimental results demonstrate the capabilities of the robot ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm–[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm tracking error) while user demonstrations show the difficulty of manually performing the same task ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm–[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm tracking error). This new, robotically-enabled contiguous ablation method could reduce ablation path discontinuities, improve consistency of treatment, and therefore improve clinical outcomes.