bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repercussions on work, health and family relationships of police officers wounded by gunshot to the face
Authors: Maia Adriane Batista Pires , Assis Simone Gonçalves de , Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza
Published: July 2022

Abstract This article aims to identify the profile of police officers who underwent surgery due to gunshot wounds to the face, to survey the anatomical distribution of injuries and the repercussions on their health, work and family relationships. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study based on secondary data of police officers who underwent surgery at the Central Military Police Hospital of the state of Rio de Janeiro due to gunshot wounds to the face from June 2003 to December 2020 (N=87). We also adopted a qualitative approach by applying a questionnaire with open and closed questions (N=37) to survey repercussions of the violent event on police officers’ work, families and health. The profile of police officers who underwent surgery showed that they were exclusively males, aged 34.9 years on average, privates, and injured in the line of duty. Fractures of the mandibular region were the most frequent injuries. After the accident, physical health conditions of police officers deteriorated, including an increase in cases of hypertension, a high frequency of insomnia (59.4%), and headache (51.3%). Damaged family relationship included an increasing trend of self-isolation and a feeling of fear experienced by police officers’ family members.
Epistemological disputes in the causal link between Zika virus and congenital syndrome: a controversy analysis
Authors: Oliveira Monique Batista de , Akerman Marco
Published: July 2022

Abstract An increase in child malformations in 2015 in Brazil is associated with a Zika virus spread months earlier, leaving disputes that still echo. Using elements from a sociology field dedicated to scientific controversy mapping, the present study conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with researchers and administrators involved in this causal association. Our work investigated how actors from different areas observe the role of social conditions in the outcome of the Congenital Zika Syndrome (SCZ) and the paths taken to mitigate them after the epidemic. Concern with social variables and their relevance in the SCZ outcome was observed, with a widespread disappointment about the referral of these issues after the case’s peak; however, these factors have not entered the core narrative about causality. There are epistemic disputes about this outcome. Some attach responsibility to the public power or resign themselves to the result; others demand more active positions from researchers who had access to the decision-making process, with disagreements about the positioning of science. The article points out the need for reflective sciences that dialogue with their agency on the phenomena, as well as for interdisciplinary and multicausal articulations for public narratives on public health crises in Brazil.
Determinantes do nascimento prematuro: proposta de um modelo teórico hierarquizado
Authors: Rocha Aline dos Santos , Falcão Ila Rocha , Teixeira Camila Silveira Silva , Alves Flávia Jôse Oliveira , Ferreira Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes , Silva Natanael de Jesus , Almeida Marcia Furquim de , Ribeiro-Silva Rita de Cássia
Published: July 2022

Resumo O nascimento prematuro (NP) é uma síndrome resultante de uma complexa relação entre múltiplos fatores que não possuem relações e causalidade totalmente compreendidas. Esse artigo traz uma discussão de um modelo teórico hierarquizado dos determinantes de NP, considerando características maternas como aspectos sociodemográficos, psicossociais, nutricionais, comportamentais e biológicos, tradicionalmente associados ao risco aumentado de NP. As variáveis foram distribuídas em seis dimensões, alocadas em três níveis hierárquicos (distal, intermediário e proximal). Nesse modelo, os determinantes socioeconômicos da mãe, da família, do domicílio e do bairro exercem efeitos indiretos sobre o NP por meio de variáveis no nível intermediário, que por sua vez afetam fatores biológicos de risco no nível proximal, os quais apresentam um efeito direto sobre o NP. O estudo adota um modelo teórico hierarquizado dos fatores envolvidos na cadeia de determinação do NP e suas inter-relações. O entendimento dessas inter-relações é um passo importante na tentativa de interromper a cadeia causal que torna algumas mulheres vulneráveis ao parto prematuro.
Diretrizes para organização, funcionamento e avaliação de farmácias de ensaios clínicos no Brasil: revisão de escopo
Authors: Ribeiro Valeria Rita Teixeira , Marins Luana Monteiro Spindola , Vieira Ana Carolina Vitorino , Geraldo Debora Santana , Costa Giovanna Giannini , Araujo Renata Bastos de , Silva Robson Pierre Nascimento da , Guaraldo Lusiele , Torres Thiago Silva
Published: July 2022

Resumo O desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos depende de etapas científicas que culminam nos ensaios clínicos em seres humanos. A farmácia de ensaios clínicos (FEC) é o local destinado ao recebimento, preparação, armazenamento e dispensação do produto investigacional (PI). Para tanto, deve possuir infraestrutura e procedimentos que garantam a segurança do participante e a qualidade da pesquisa. Este trabalho teve por objetivo sistematizar diretrizes para FEC no Brasil. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo e as diretrizes foram organizadas utilizando o método de Ishikawa (“método 6Ms”). No total foram selecionadas 51 publicações, sendo 39 diretrizes e normas e 12 artigos científicos para cada “M”; 25 descreveram o ciclo de assistência farmacêutica (procedimentos para assegurar a segurança dos participantes, desde a requisição do produto até a destinação final), 14 indicadores de qualidade, 12 de recursos humanos, 11 de infraestrutura e recursos materiais e 5 descreveram PIs. para organização, funcionamento e avaliação de FEC no Brasil e corroboram a necessidade da presença do profissional farmacêutico no ciclo da assistência farmacêutica no contexto dos ensaios clínicos, contribuindo ainda na preparação para monitorias, auditorias e inspeções de agências regulatórias.
Guidelines for organization, operation and evaluation of clinical trials pharmacies in Brazil: a scope review
Authors: Ribeiro Valeria Rita Teixeira , Marins Luana Monteiro Spindola , Vieira Ana Carolina Vitorino , Geraldo Debora Santana , Costa Giovanna Giannini , Araujo Renata Bastos de , Silva Robson Pierre Nascimento da , Guaraldo Lusiele , Torres Thiago Silva
Published: July 2022

Abstract The development of new drugs depends on several scientific steps, which culminate in clinical trials. The clinical trials pharmacy (CTP) is the place for receiving, preparing, storing and dispensing the investigational product or study drug. Therefore, it must have infrastructure and procedures that guarantee participant safety and quality of research data. This study aimed to systematize guidelines for CTP in Brazil. We conducted a scope review and organized the results using the Ishikawa Method (6Ms). In total, 51 publications were selected for each “M”, 39 laws, regulations or guidelines and 12 scientific articles: 25 publications for pharmaceutical services (pharmacy procedures to ensure participant safety from investigational product ordering to final disposition), 14 for Quality Indicators, 12 for Human Resources, 11 for Infrastructure, 11 for Material Resources and 5 for Investigational Product. Our results synthesize information for the organization, operation and evaluation of CTP in Brazil, emphasizes the inclusion of the pharmacist within the clinical trials context, and contributes to preparation for monitoring, auditing, and inspections conducted by regulatory agencies.
Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep duration, sleep quality and burnout in faculty members of higher education in Mexico
Authors: Arrona-Palacios Arturo , Rebolledo-Mendez Genaro , Escamilla Jose , Hosseini Samira , Duffy Jeanne
Published: July 2022

Abstract This paper aims to assess the differences and associations of the effect of COVID-19 on sleep habits, sleep quality, and burnout symptoms among faculty members of higher education in Mexico. This was a cross-sectional study with a total sample of 214 faculty members of higher education from Mexico between May 18th and June 10th of 2020. We applied questionnaires containing sociodemographic and specific questions regarding sleep habits, sleep quality, and burnout symptoms. The results show that during COVID-19 faculty members delayed their bedtime and rise time. No change was found with weekdays time in bed, however, during weekends, time in bed was more than an hour shorter. Social jetlag decreased significantly during COVID-19. Furthermore, during COVID-19, those who reported low sleep quality were more likely to report higher symptoms of emotional exhaustion and those who slept less on weekends were more likely to report higher symptoms of depersonalization. These results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic may have an effect on sleep and sleep quality and burnout symptoms of faculty members from higher education in Mexico.
O efeito da temperatura do ar na mortalidade por doenças cerebrovasculares no Brasil entre 1996-2017
Authors: Mascarenhas Mikaela Santos , Silva Diego Duque da , Nogueira Mário Círio , Farias William Cossich Marcial de , Ferreira Cássia de Castro Martins , Ferreira Letícia de Castro Martins
Published: July 2022

Resumo As doenças cerebrovasculares (DCV) estão entre as principais causas de mortalidade no mundo e a temperatura do ar é um dos seus fatores de risco, embora sua relação seja pouco estudada no Brasil. Este artigo objetiva investigar a relação entre temperatura do ar e mortalidade por DCV em 10 microrregiões nas cinco grandes regiões brasileiras. Foi realizado estudo de séries temporais com os óbitos diários por DCV e a média diária de temperatura do ar no período de 1996 a 2017. Foram utilizando dados do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS) e modelos aditivos generalizados com distribuição de Poisson e os riscos relativos e atribuíveis foram estimados (com intervalo de confiança de 95%) até uma defasagem de 14 dias com modelos DLNM (distributed lag non-linear models). No período ocorreram 531.733 óbitos por DCV nestas microrregiões, dos quais 21.220 (11.138-30.546) atribuíveis à temperatura do ar. As temperaturas de mortalidade mínima variaram entre 20,1°C em Curitiba a 29,6°C em Belém. Foram observadas associações entre temperaturas não ótimas do ar e aumento no risco de óbito em todas as cinco regiões brasileiras, destacando Manaus com risco relativo (RR) 1,53 (1,22-1,91) e Campo Grande com RR 1,52 (1,18-1,94) no frio, e Manaus com RR 1,75 (1,35-2,26) e Brasília com RR 1,36 (1,15-1,60) no calor.
The effect of air temperature on mortality from cerebrovascular diseases in Brazil between 1996 and 2017
Authors: Mascarenhas Mikaela Santos , Silva Diego Duque da , Nogueira Mário Círio , Farias William Cossich Marcial de , Ferreira Cássia de Castro Martins , Ferreira Letícia de Castro Martins
Published: July 2022

Abstract Cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of mortality globally. Air temperature is one of the risk factors for CVD; however, few studies have investigated the relationship between air temperature and mortality from these diseases in Brazil. This time series study investigated the relationship between air temperature and CVD mortality in 10 microregions located across Brazil’s five regions during the period 1996 to 2017 using mortality data from the national health information system, DATASUS and daily mean temperature data. The association between mean air temperature and mortality from CVD was measured using generalized additive models with Poisson distribution and relative and attributable risks were estimated together with 95% confidence intervals using distributed lag non-linear models and a 14-day lag. There were 531,733 deaths from CVD during the study period, 21,220 of which (11,138-30,546) were attributable to air temperature. Minimum mortality temperatures ranged from 20.1ºC in Curitiba to 29.6ºC in Belém. Associations between suboptimal air temperatures and increased risk of death from CVD were observed in all of Brazil’s five regions. Relative risk from the cold was highest in Manaus (RR 1.53; 1.22-1.91) and Campo Grande (RR 1.52; 1.18-1.94), while relative risk from heat was highest in Manaus (RR 1.75; 1.35-2.26) and Brasília (RR 1.36; 1.15-1.60).
Relação entre insatisfação corporal e saúde mental dos adolescentes brasileiros: um estudo com representatividade nacional
Authors: Wroblevski Bruno , Lucas Miriã de Sousa , Silva Rodrigo Monteiro da , Cunha Marina Silva da
Published: July 2022

Resumo A insatisfação com a imagem corporal é considerada uma variável relevante na compreensão da saúde mental dos adolescentes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto dessa insatisfação sobre variáveis associadas à saúde mental dos estudantes brasileiros matriculados no 9º ano. Para isso, utilizou-se os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2015 e a metodologia empregada baseou-se no Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Os resultados apontaram que a insatisfação com o próprio corpo tem impacto sobre a saúde mental dos adolescentes, apresentando efeito positivo na probabilidade de o estudante reportar sentimento frequente de solidão, relatar insônia por motivo de preocupação e ter dificuldade de socialização. Esse impacto foi crescente conforme o grau de insatisfação com a imagem corporal, sendo as meninas mais afetadas do que os meninos. Assim, verifica-se a importância da elaboração de estratégias visando reduzir a insatisfação corporal entre os adolescentes contribuindo para o aumento do bem-estar desse público frente as diferenças corporais existentes.
Contexto de trabalho e custo humano no trabalho para agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: Lima Clara Cynthia Melo e , Fernandes Tatiana Fróes , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: July 2022

Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar o contexto de trabalho e o custo humano no trabalho entre Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS). Trata-se de estudo transversal, censitário, com aplicação de questionário socioeconômico, Escala de Avaliação do Contexto de Trabalho (EACT) e Escala de Custo Humano no Trabalho (ECHT), que compõem o Inventário sobre Trabalho e Risco de Adoecimento (ITRA). Foram realizadas análises descritivas das médias dos escores fatoriais, comparação de médias entre os itens e entre as características sociodemográficas do grupo, por meio dos testes de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis e nível de significância de 5%. Participaram do estudo 675 ACS. Todos os fatores relativos às condições de trabalho e custo humano no trabalho apresentaram avaliação moderada/crítica. Idade, tempo de serviço e vínculo empregatício foram as variáveis associadas a todos os fatores da EACT, enquanto para a ECHT, apenas o tempo de serviço se mostrou associado a todos os fatores. Avaliações mais negativas do contexto de trabalho e do custo humano no trabalho foram mais evidentes entre ACS com maior tempo de atuação. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de melhoria das condições de trabalho e das relações profissionais relativas aos ACS.
Enfoques predominantes en los estudios sobre calidad de vida relacionada a la salud de jóvenes sobrevivientes de cáncer en la infancia o adolescencia. Revisión integradora de la literatura científica
Authors: Majdalani María Pía , Alazraqui Marcio
Published: July 2022

Resumen Los sobrevivientes de cáncer pediátrico constituyen una población creciente. La enfermedad padecida, su tratamiento o la ocurrencia de complicaciones tardías pueden afectar su calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS). Comprender la CVRS, es un desafío por su complejidad conceptual y la modalidad de su estudio. Objetivo: identificar las líneas de investigación predominantes en el estudio de CVRS en esta población. Métodos: revisión bibliográfica integrativa. Búsqueda sistematizada de artículos primarios indizados. Bases Scopus y PubMed. Resultados: 48 publicaciones seleccionadas, se identificaron cuatro líneas principales de investigación: CVRS en sobrevivientes en general; en sobrevivientes de largo plazo; estudio de determinantes de la CVRS; y estudio de aspectos metodológicos sobre medición de CVRS. Predomina el abordaje cuantitativo con instrumentos genéricos de medición, y el modelo conceptual de CVRS basado en la función, enfatiza la importancia de la funcionalidad física, psíquica y social y el impacto sobre ella de la enfermedad y el tratamiento. Conclusiones: incorporar un abordaje cualitativo, basado en el significado, para la comprensión de experiencias vividas desde una perspectiva subjetiva y holística, sería indispensable.
Modelos preditivos de vida útil de estruturas de concreto sujeitas à iniciação da corrosão de armaduras por cloretos: contribuição ao estado da arte por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura – Parte 2
Authors: Lopes Rayane Campos , Oliveira Andrielli Morais de , Cascudo Oswaldo
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Vários modelos para predição de vida útil de estruturas de concreto armado simulam o ingresso de agentes agressivos, como os cloretos, geralmente baseados em leis de difusão modificadas ou em propostas de transporte de multi espécies, considerando diversos parâmetros. Sua aplicação pode aprimorar a eficiência e a otimização do projeto e da vida útil em serviço de estruturas em concreto armado. O presente artigo contempla a parte 2 de resultados de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) com o objetivo de descrever, analisar e classificar os modelos selecionados em determinísticos ou probabilísticos e em empíricos, analíticos e/ou numéricos. Como resultado, observou-se que a maioria dos modelos considerados é baseada na Segunda Lei de Fick, modificada ou não. Além disso, 72% deles são analíticos. Entre os probabilísticos, o método numérico mais utilizado foi a simulação de Monte Carlo. Adicionalmente, outras análises foram realizadas, como os métodos para o cálculo do coeficiente de difusão (D), os teores críticos (Ccr) utilizados, a forma de consideração da não saturação do concreto, fixação de cloretos, fissuras, a direção de penetração dos cloretos, entre outros. Apesar de todos os modelos serem uma simplificação da realidade, trazendo algumas ponderações e limitações, observou-se uma evolução dessas ferramentas para maiores níveis de complexidade.
Control of airborne particles in surgical procedures during the Covid-19 pandemic: scoping review
Authors: Laguardia Giovana Caetano de Araújo , Püschel Vilanice Alves de Araújo , Oliveira Patrícia Peres de , Faria Luciane Ribeiro de , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra , Coelho Angélica da Conceição Oliveira , Santos Kelli Borges dos , Carbogim Fábio da Costa
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To map the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Scoping review, according to the Joana Briggs Institute methodology, based on documents indexed in MEDLINE, VHL, CINAHL Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. All studies from indexed scientific journals and recommendations published by international agencies or academic associations from 2019 to January 2022 were considered. Findings were summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. Results: Twenty-two studies were selected, 19 of which were published in English, two in Spanish, one in Portuguese, with a predominance of literature reviews. Findings were categorized into recommendations for the environment, the team, and the surgical technique. Conclusion: The review mapped the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of the airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings. They involve from the use of personal protective equipment, training, anesthetic modality, airway manipulation, to the execution of the surgical technique.
Environment modification at school to promote physical activity among adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Benthroldo Raycauan Silva , Paravidino Vitor Barreto , Cunha Diana Barbosa , Mediano Mauro Felippe Felix , Sichieri Rosely , Marques Emanuele Souza
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess the effect of modifications of the school environment on physical activity in Brazilian adolescent students. Methods: Seven public schools in Duque de Caxias (Brazil) were randomized into control and intervention groups. The intervention group underwent modifications in the school environment (painting of hopscotch and school courts) and the provision of sports equipment (balls, basketball table, soccer goalpost, volleyball nets, and others) to stimulate physical activity. Additionally, footsteps towards the court and materials were painted, and a superhero character called Super Active was introduced. Total physical activity was measured using a validated questionnaire for adolescents. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention, adjusted by sex. Results: The sample consisted of 975 adolescents, with a mean age of 11.52 years (standard deviation — SD 1.43), and 56.7% were boys. After the one-month intervention, both groups’ total physical activity time increased. The estimated changes from baseline were not different between the intervention and control groups (Δ=102.75 and Δ=99.76, respectively; p=0.52). Conclusion: The painting, supply of equipment and other strategies to encourage physical activity in the school environment did not promote a positive effect on improving physical activity among adolescents. Future research is necessary to evaluate the effect of the intervention in the long-term period, particularly in other population contexts in middle-income countries.
RESEARCH GROUPS AND TRAINING OF SUPERVISORS: STATEMENTS OF RESEARCHERS
Authors: Bianchetti Lucídio
Published: July 2022

Abstract This article discusses the possibilities for research groups to serve as educational time-spaces for consolidating praxis in supervision in graduate education programs. New advising strategies and initiatives are observed in an environment characterized by internal demands and external inductions to the graduate programs and their supervisors. A study with 562 research group leaders who work as professors in doctoral programs in education collected data about the organization, functioning and advising practices in their groups. The data highlight the general research and supervision strategies in particular, and the perceptions of the respondents about the potential of the research groups for training researchers and supervisors.
Correlation of photosynthetic pigments content with indicators of seed quality in the seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley, and parsnip
Authors: Grulichova Marie , Sedlakova Veronika , Trojan Vaclav , Hanacek Pavel , Vyhnanek Tomas
Published: July 2022

Abstract: The content of photosynthetic pigments, especially chlorophylls, has a significant effect on the quality, viability, and storability of seeds. Determination of photosynthetic pigments together with the correlation with seed quality parameters, such as germination and radicle emergence, lead to the possibility of using the pigments content as a new indicator of seed quality. The photosynthetic pigments content was determined spectrophotometrically from extracts of commercial mature seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley, and parsnip. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, and lutein varied among species of family Apiaceae and among varieties within species. Spectrophotometry was verified as easy, quick, and inexpensive method that can be used for the determination of photosynthetic pigments in mature seeds. The individual pigments content was compared to seed quality parameters such as standard germination, germination speed index (GSI), and radicle emergence (RE), which was carried out at 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h. Based on the correlation of photosynthetic pigments content with seed quality parameters (GSI and RE), chlorophyll b and lutein content were selected, and can be used as the new markers of seed quality.
Tendência temporal dos anos potenciais de vida perdidos por acidentes de trabalho fatais segundo raça/cor da pele na Bahia, 2000-2019
Authors: Nery Felipe Souza Dreger , Souza Ionara Magalhães de , Araújo Edna Maria de , Oliveira Nelson Fernandes de , Nery Mona Gizelle Dreger
Published: July 2022

Resumo Introdução: poucos estudos buscam evidenciar as diferenças raciais e o impacto social das mortes precoces decorrentes do trabalho, o que contribui para a inexistência de políticas públicas que objetivem superar essas desigualdades. Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal das Taxas de Anos Potenciais de Vida Perdidos (TAPVP) decorrentes de acidentes de trabalho, segundo raça/cor da pele no estado da Bahia, de 2000 a 2019. Métodos: estudo de série temporal, com base em dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM); consideraram-se os óbitos por acidentes de trabalho. Empregou-se o modelo de regressão linear pelo método Joinpoint para análise da série temporal e o cálculo da Variação Percentual Anual (VPA) das TAPVP. Resultados: foram notificados 2.137 óbitos por acidentes de trabalho no período estudado, correspondentes a 64.791,5 APVP, dos quais 74,2% envolveram trabalhadores da raça/cor da pele parda. Destaca-se que a VPA das TAPVP entre trabalhadores pardos e negros foi, respectivamente, 2,3 e 3,0 vezes a VPA dos trabalhadores brancos. Os trabalhadores pardos morreram mais precocemente e tiveram maior perda de anos potenciais de vida em quantidade e maior velocidade de crescimento da TAPVP, comparados com os trabalhadores brancos. Conclusão: a mortalidade precoce por acidentes de trabalho representa um relevante problema de saúde pública, destacando-se entre trabalhadores não-brancos.
En Busca de Ontología en el Proyecto Des-Ontologizador de Niklas Luhmann
Authors: Giordano Pedro Martín
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN Entre las numerosas controversias que suele estimular el pensamiento sociológico de Niklas Luhmann, destaca la diversidad de interpretaciones sobre el principio de la des-ontologización radical de la semántica tradicional vétero-europea. Dada la vigencia del debate, el presente trabajo identifica un conjunto de elementos ontológicos en su teoría y sostiene que, lejos de invalidarla, son fundamentales para afrontar los problemas que plantea. Puntualmente, examina su conceptualización de la ontología, la complejidad, los sistemas, los sistemas complejos, el tiempo y la realidad como condición de posibilidad de la ciencia.
Limites da teoria dos campos: tensões em sua autonomia relativa
Authors: Miraldi Juliana
Published: July 2022

Resumo Este artigo investiga a teoria dos campos desenvolvida por Bourdieu, tendo como objeto de análise os limites do conceito de autonomia relativa e suas implicações para a relação entre os campos. A construção do argumento retoma a história do conceito de campo na teoria bourdieusiana, observando sua relevância conjuntural e o impacto teórico que ele gerou. Destaca-se nesta análise que, embora Bourdieu tenha sido rigoroso na sistematização da lógica interna de funcionamento dos campos, o mesmo não ocorreu com a formalização conceitual da relação que os campos estabelecem entre si, pois, ao definir os campos como relativamente autônomos, Bourdieu não foi claro na explicação sobre em que condições e em relação a que se dá essa autonomia. A investigação desse problema teve como material de análise os próprios escritos de Bourdieu, os quais, uma vez lidos tendo em vista essa questão, revelaram duas possibilidades explicativas: a primeira se refere ao movimento de inter-relação entre os campos, determinado tanto pelo impacto que mudanças estruturais em um campo podem causar em outros quanto pelo trânsito de agentes entre campos; já a segunda possibilidade diz respeito à relação entre os campos e o Estado, o qual, dada a sua história de formação e poder físico e simbólico acumulado, tem condições, segundo Bourdieu, de desferir golpes de tirania capazes de afetar as dinâmicas internas dos campos. Com isso, este artigo oferece uma contribuição crítica à teoria dos campos para que ela seja atualizada diante das novas dinâmicas e desafios do mundo social contemporâneo.
RELACIÓN ENTRE CONDICIÓN FÍSICA Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE COLEGIOS MUNICIPALES DE LA SERENA-CHILE.
Authors: Alfaro Luis Veas , Orellana Sergio Bernal , Salazar Andri José Velasquez , Velasquez Luis Celestino Garcia
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la relación entre distintos componentes de la condición física con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de colegios municipales de La Serena, Chile. Para llevar a cabo dicho análisis, se recogieron los datos de las siguientes pruebas: Test Course-Navette, prueba de salto horizontal, índice de masa corporal (I.M.C), y perímetro de cintura, pruebas aplicadas a los estudiantes de colegios municipales durante 2019; así como sus promedios de notas en las asignaturas de Lenguaje, Matemática, Ciencias, Historia, Educación Física y el promedio general. Los datos de 1629 estudiantes de 19 colegios distintos fueron incluidos para su análisis. Para comparar la relación entre las variables mencionadas, se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman mediante el programa estadístico IBM® SPPS®. De las cuatro pruebas consideradas, el perímetro de cintura y el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2máx) fueron los que presentaron mayor cantidad de relaciones estadísticamente significativas con las distintas asignaturas y promedio general, con 3 de 6 (50%) y 4 de 6 (66,6%) respectivamente. Según los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre las variables perímetro de cintura y VO2máx con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de colegio de dependencia municipal en la comuna de La Serena, Chile, por lo que se propone dedicar esfuerzos y usar mejores estrategias para fortalecer ambas variables de la condición física en las instituciones educativas con el fin de favorecer el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
Künstliche Intelligenz (Folge 1): Berufliche Rehabilitation mit Datenbrillen und Avatar
Authors:   Bundesverband Deutscher Berufsförderungswerke e.V., Berlin, Thieke-Beneke Michael
Published: July 2022

Um die Potenziale und Grenzen von Assistenzdiensten mit Künstlicher Intelligenz für die berufliche Rehabilitation zu untersuchen, hat das Projekt KI.ASSIST bundesweit zehn Lern- und Experimentierräume (LER) eingerichtet. Anhand verschiedener Technologien wurde damit exemplarisch und praxisnah betrachtet, unter welchen Rahmenbedingungen Menschen mit Behinderungen heute und in Zukunft durch Künstliche Intelligenz bei der beruflichen Rehabilitation und am Arbeitsplatz unterstützt werden können.
The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on orthopaedic trauma admissions in a central academic hospital in Johannesburg
Authors: Foster M , du Plessis J , Jansen van Vuuren M , Jingo M , Pietrzak R
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), commonly known as Covid-19, has caused a global economic and healthcare crisis. Many countries tried to curb the spread of the virus by implementing various lockdown restrictions to reduce transmission. The Republic of South Africa (RSA) implemented an alcohol ban as one of the lockdown restrictions. The objectives were to describe the effect of the lockdown alert levels and alcohol availability on orthopaedic trauma admissions, compared to the preceding two years. METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical records was conducted. Data included orthopaedic trauma admissions for the five-month period in a facility in Johannesburg from 27 March to 31 August in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. Lockdown alert levels were categorised according to the Department of Health which included the ban, reintroduction and re-banning of alcohol consumption. Data collected for 2018, 2019 and 2020 included demographics of sex and age, as well as fracture location, open or closed injuries, polytrauma patients and gunshot injuries. RESULTS: Overall, 672, 621 and 465 patients were admitted in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. There was a decrease of 25% of orthopaedic trauma admissions during the five-month lockdown period in 2020 compared to 2019 (p-value = 0.020) and 30% from 2020 compared to 2018 (p-value = 0.010). In 2020, admissions increased by 112% (n = 82) from alert level 4, when alcohol was banned, to alert level 3 (3a), when alcohol was reintroduced. Admissions decreased by 33% (n = 51) from alert level 3 (3a) to alert level 3 (3b), when alcohol was re-banned. Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) were the commonest cause of admissions in alert level 3 (3a), accounting for 41% (n = 56). Covid-19 tests were positive in 10% (n = 34) of the 346 tests performed on orthopaedic trauma admissions CONCLUSION: Our study showed the decrease in orthopaedic trauma admissions due to the Covid-19 lockdown regulations. Furthermore, our study demonstrated the impact of alcohol availability on orthopaedic trauma admissions in a central academic hospital in Johannesburg. Level of evidence: Level 4.
Orthopaedic research in Zimbabwe: a seminal bibliometric analysis
Authors: Sibindi C , Mageza A , Socci A
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: To provide a bibliometric analysis of published orthopaedic research in the form of peer-reviewed articles as well as non-indexed articles from Zimbabwe in the past six decades. METHODS: We carried out a literature search of the 'Clarivariate Analytics' Web of Science database, specific journals not included in the database and the University of Zimbabwe repository. We then selected articles focused on research in orthopaedic pathology in Zimbabwe. These articles were then classified by year of publication; focus of research; first and last author country of origin; collaboration type between high-, middle- and low-income countries; journal title; journal country; methodology; and level of evidence. RESULTS: A total of 27 articles published from 1965 to 2020 were found in the search with 26 having a single focus of research and one multiple foci. The highest focus of research was osteoporosis with six articles (22%), while trauma was second with five articles (19%). A majority, 19/27 (70%), of studies had a first author from Zimbabwe, while a plurality, 10/27 (37%), had a Zimbabwean last author. Most collaborations, 12/27 (44%), were high-income-low-income countries, with most studies being concomitantly published in the United States, 13/27 (48%). Cross-sectional descriptive studies represented the most common methodology with 13/27 articles carried out in this method (48%). The majority of these articles, 14/27 (52%), represented a low level of evidence at level 4, while 11/27 articles (41%) of articles were of a high level of evidence (levels 1 or 2). CONCLUSION: There is a limited amount of published orthopaedic surgery research work from Zimbabwe, highlighting the need for more and higher quality research from Zimbabwe. Among different models, partnerships between Zimbabwean researchers and researchers from other international institutions appear to be the most productive in terms of research output and hence should be replicated more broadly. Level of evidence: Level 4
Current concepts on the assessment of a patient with a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation
Authors: Kauta N , du Plessis J , de Wet J , Vrettos B , Roche J
Published: July 2022

Anterior shoulder dislocation is a common condition that most orthopaedic surgeons will have to deal with in their practice. Nonoperative management of the initial traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation is likely to lead to a recurrent shoulder dislocation in more than 90% of cases in the younger active population. Recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation can persist even after instability surgery in certain cases. A detailed, accurate assessment of the patient is of paramount importance for successful treatment. This review aims to provide insight into key concepts to consider in the assessment of an anterior shoulder dislocation. Predisposing factors, clinical examination and the role of imaging in the assessment of an anterior shoulder dislocation will be reviewed. Level of evidence: Level 5
Revolutionary Kašpárek: The Life Cycle of the Radical Puppet
Authors: Stephenson Cheryl
Published: July 2022

Throughout the Czech National Revival and the final years of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the puppet stage served as a site of resistance, of advocacy for Czech sovereignty, and criticism of Germanic influences on Czech culture and everyday life. The undisputed star in these efforts was the puppet hero Kašpárek, the little Czech jester who uses his wits to defeat Austro-Hungarian petty bureaucrats, police officers, and other deputies of imperial authority in hundreds of puppet plays throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article explores How Kašpárek Laid Austria to Rest, a 1918 performance which saw Kašpárek’s role shift from one of resistance to one of revolution. In this play, performed in Pilsen (Plzeň) in the final weeks of the First World War, Kašpárek no longer faced off against Austrian officials, but rather met a much larger opponent, the two-headed imperial eagle, symbol of the empire itself. In this performance, Kašpárek does not need to outwit his opponent; he is a dominant force from the start. After beheading the eagle, the performance becomes a kind of funeral mass for the empire with Kašpárek serving as both priest and master of ceremonies, bringing a kind of jubilation to the usually somber context. In this discussion, I examine this turning point from the interconnected perspectives of social history and semiotics. This dual approach exposes both the developments and conditions that allow for this striking symbolic victory on the puppet stage,n but further an exploration of the ways the folk archetype of the jester and, by extension, a folk-based image of Czech national identity navigate radical political change.
TS Spurrs - unstained FFPE on Thermanox coverslips (TM - 013, section 6.6) v1
Authors: not provided sandra.crameri
Published: July 2022

Processing unstained FFPE sections on Thermanox coverslips to Spurrs resin block for EM.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA SOLUÇÃO PACÍFICA DE CONTROVÉRSIAS PARA A PREVENÇÃO DE CONFLITOS ARMADOS
Authors: Silva Bárbara Thaís Pinheiro , Barros Renata Furtado de
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a importância dos métodos de solução pacífica de controvérsias para a prevenção de conflitos armados. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, inicialmente propõem-se analisar a estreita vinculação da necessidade de prevenção dos conflitos armados com a prática da solução pacífica de controvérsias, sobretudo no contexto da Carta das Nações Unidas. Logo em seguida, analisará o papel da diplomacia preventiva no cenário contemporâneo, bem como os elementos que a compõem, quais sejam: os meios diplomáticos, políticos e jurisdicionais. A fim de garantir o desenvolvimento da pesquisa de modo analítico, optou-se pelo método hipotético dedutivo com a principal fonte de pesquisa de natureza bibliográfica.
Examination of TikTok Application in the Axis of Uses and Gratifications Approach, User Experience and Entertainment Culture
Authors: SÖĞÜT Yasin , ÖNGEL Alpaslan
Published: July 2022

With the innovations brought by the developing technology in the 21th century, there have been changes in the fields of culture, entertainment and communication. Thanks to these innovations, the media has gained the opportunity to reach individuals. As a result of the restrictions during the Covid 19 pandemic, social media applications come first among the environments where individuals have fun and make use of their free time at home. TikTok differs from other social media applications in terms of its content. Audiences who cannot take part in traditional media not only have the opportunity to have fun in their natural state through TikTok videos, but also have the opportunity to become a phenomenon with the short videos they shoot. Today, users with millions of followers gain experience and earn income thanks to this application. It is possible for any individual to be known for 15 seconds with a video they share in the TikTok application in this way. For the sake of this possibility of being liked, individuals strive to prove themselves with all their creativity in the videos they produce. In the current study, 1000 content randomly coming to the TikTok home screen and 10 TikTok accounts with the most followers were selected as the universe with the purposeful sampling method. The data obtained were evaluated in the context of uses and gratifications approach in terms of entertainment culture and user experience with the qualitative content analysis method. The TikTok application has also been structurally examined in terms of user experience. The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between the contents of the TikTok application, which surpassed even the most popular domain name "google" in 2021, in terms of entertainment culture and user experiences. As a result of the research, it was determined that the TikTok application intensely contains negative content such as violence, sexuality and humiliation. In addition, it has been determined that users produce entertainment content in the contents of the TikTok application, which bears the traces of digital culture.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı'nda İdeolojik Propaganda Bağlamında Çizgi Filmler Üzerine Göstergebilimsel Bir İnceleme
Authors: ŞEN Fatih Emre , KAYGISIZ Ümmühan
Published: July 2022

İkinci Dünya Savaşı 1945 yılında sonlanmış olsa da siyasi, ekonomik, sosyolojik ve hatta biyolojik etkileri halen devam etmektedir. Savaşın çeşitli alanlarda insanlık tarihine etkileri de akademisyenler ve araştırmacılar tarafından incelenmiştir. Ancak bu savaş ve etkileri hakkında incelenmeyi bekleyen daha pek çok farklı konu olduğu da söylenebilir. İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında farklı amaçlarla yüzlerce çizgi film üretilmiştir. Bu çalışmada da savaş yıllarında üretilen çizgi filmler araştırmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmuştur. Savaş sırasında üretilen ve savaşın her iki tarafının düşüncelerini yansıtır şekilde, Der Störenfried, What Hitler Wants, The Ducktators, Reason and Emotion çizgi filmleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada göstergeler üzerinden analiz yapabilme imkânı sağlayan göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak bu dört farklı çizgi filmden hareketle ideolojik propagandanın nasıl kullanıldığı, kitleleri etkilemek için göstergelerin ne şekilde çizgi filmlerde yer aldığı, Slavoj Zizek ve Cemil Meriç’in ideoloji tanımları ile İkinci Dünya Savaşı çizgi filmlerinde ideolojik propagandanın bu tanımlara göre nasıl şekillendiği hususları incelenmiştir. Neticede çizgi filmlerin tamamında göstergeler aracılığıyla çizgi filmi hazırlayan ülkenin dönemin hâkim ideolojisi çerçevesinde kitleleri etkilemek adına ideolojik propaganda yapıldığı ve çizgi filmlerin birer ideolojik propaganda aracı olarak kullanıldıkları sonucuna varılmıştır.
Çocuk Odaklı Habercilik Bağlamında Savaş Konulu Haberlerde Kullanılan Çocuklarla İlgili Fotoğrafların Göstergebilimsel Analizi: Suriye İç Savaşı Örneği
Authors: KAYMAK Aydın , COŞKUN Aziz
Published: July 2022

Çalışmanın temel amacı; Suriye iç savaşı örneğinde çocukların savaşa yönelik haberlerde yer alan görseller aracılığıyla nasıl temsil edildiklerini, çocuk odaklı habercilik bağlamında incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; “Savaş konulu haberlerde kullanılan fotoğraflarda çocuklar nasıl temsil edilmektedir?” sorusunun cevabı aranmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemi, Sabah gazetesinin sitesinde Suriye iç savaşına yönelik yayınlanan haberlerde kullanılan altı farklı fotoğraf ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Sabah gazetesinin örneklem olarak belirlenmesinde çalışmanın tasarlandığı döneme denk gelen 01-07 Kasım 2021 haftası tiraj raporunda tiraj oranı en yüksek olan gazete olmasıdır. Haberlerde kullanılan fotoğraflar, amaçlı örnekleme uygun olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen fotoğraflar, Fransız Dil Bilimci Roland Barthes’in düz anlam ve yan anlam kavramları esas alınarak göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda, çocukların genellikle sefil ve izleyenlerde acıma duygusu uyandıracak şekilde konumlandırıldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Kullanılan fotoğraflarda çocuklar, verilmek istenen mesajın öznesi olmaktan çok savaştan önemli oranda etkilenen bireyler olarak gösterilmişlerdir. Ayrıca fotoğraflarda çocuklara yönelik beslenme, barınma gibi temel sorunlar dışında özel bir duyarlılık geliştirilmediği görülmüştür. Özetle kullanılan fotoğraflarda çocuğa yönelik yararın tam manasıyla gözetilmediğini söyleyebiliriz.
Quality of life of patients with complete loss of teeth and psychometric properties of the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire. Part 4. Evaluation of the parameters using a nonlinear principal components analysis by the CatPCA algorithm
Authors: Muslov Sergey A. , Nokhrin Denis Yu. , Arutyunov Sergey D. , Chizhmakov Evgeny A. , Pivovarov Anton A. , Platonova Maria S.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The study researched the structure of the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire, which was compiled from the questions of the validated international special questionnaire OHIP-49, to assess the patients quality of life depending on their mouths organs and tissue with the help of сategorical principal component analysis.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Reduce the original set of variables to an uncorrelated variables that carry the bulk of the information contained in the original set.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: To determine the connections between the scales of the quality of life (QoL) questionnaire OHIP-20 DG and to assess the factor validity of the latter, data reduction with generalization procedure was conducted by the method of nonlinear principal component using the CatPCA algorithm.
RESULTS: All scores from 0 to 4 were smoothed by a second-degree polynomial spline with three internal knots and ranking as a discretization method. To determine the number of necessary and sufficient components, Cattells scree plot and broken stick criteria were used. Calculations were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics package (version 20), graphical constructions in the KyPlot (version 6.0), and PAST (version 4.06) packages.
CONCLUSION: The factor structure of the questionnaire was explored using CatPCA algorithm of nonlinear principal component analysis. The analysis confirmed the factor validity of the OHIP-20 DG questionnaire, but found two weak structural elements that are not related to the QoL, but most likely have a connection with the psychosocial aspects of patients health. Comparison of the questionnaires initial scores with their quantification values revealed the nonlinearity of patients perception of most of the questionnaire items. Which allows for a broader interpretation of the patterns of patients perception of QoL and further improvement of the questionnaire.