bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum malondialdehyde, coenzyme Q10 and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in calves with foot-and-mouth disease
Authors: ÖZKAN CUMALI , HUYUT ZÜBEYR , YILDIRIM SERKAN , ÖZBEK MUSTAFA , ICEN HASAN
Published: September 2018

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute, contagious viral disease in cattle that is associated with enormous economic losses in Turkey and worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in serum malondialdehyde (MDA), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and deoxyguanosine (dG) and to perform histopathological examinations in calves with FMD. Thirty calves were studied, 20 of which were infected with FMD and 10 were free of the disease. Following a routine clinical examination, blood samples were obtained, and serum MDA, CoQ10, 8-OHdG and dG levels were determined. Necropsy and histopathological examinations were performed on dead calves with FMD. MDA and 8-OHdG/106dG levels were significantly higher in calves with FMD than in the control group. However, the increase in CoQ10 levels in calves with FMD, compared with the control group, was not statistically significant. Macroscopic examination of the heart tissue of calves with acute myocarditis revealed the presence of pale, yellowish gray-white necrotic muscle fibers in the ventricular wall of the heart. The muscle fibers in the myocardium were swollen and exhibited pyknotic nuclei and intense lymphocytic cell infiltration. In longitudinal sections, the muscle fibers were non-striated, swollen, and homogenously pink and contained pink nuclei. Between muscle fibers, intense mononuclear cell infiltration was observed. The findings of the present study indicate that oxidative stress is significantly increased in calves with FMD, and that oxidative DNA damage may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of FMD. This is the first study to report CoQ10 and 8-OHdG levels in calves with FMD, and its findings may serve as the basis for future studies on this subject.
Effect of dexpanthenol on colonic anastomosis healing in rats
Authors: ERMUTLU CELAL SAHIN , ERKILIC EKIN EMRE , KILIC ENGIN , KIRMIZIGUL ALI HAYDAR , DAG SERPIL , OGUN METIN , BARAN VEDAT , MERHAN OGUZ
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to perform the clinical, histopathologic and biochemical evaluation of the effects of intraperitoneally (IP) administered dexpanthenol (dxp) on colonic anastomosis healing in rats. The study was conducted on a total of 28 rats divided into four groups comprising seven rats each. Group I was designated as the control group, group II as the dxp group, group III as the anastomosis group, and group IV as the anastomosis + dxp group. The groups were compared in terms of intestinal bursting pressure, adhesion formation, nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant capacity (TOC) in blood and intestinal homogenates, as well as histopathologic findings. Dxp decreased adhesion formation (6 rats in group III and 4 rats in group IV). Mean bursting pressures were higher in the dxp groups than in the other groups (group II = 254.3 ± 42.1 mmHg, group IV = 109.3 ± 34.5 mmHg). Moreover, there was a remarkable decrease in the levels of NO and MDA and in blood oxidative stress parameters in the dxp groups. The results suggest that dxp increased intestinal bursting pressure by accelerating healing in the anastomosis line and decreased adhesion formation, positively affecting healing. Dexpanthenol, which was found to have positive effects in the experimental rat model, can be introduced into clinical practice.
Synthetic Peptide Libraries: From Random Mixtures to In Vivo Testing
Authors: Sandomenico Annamaria , Caporale Andrea , Doti Nunzianna , Cross Simon , Cruciani Gabriele , Chambery Angela , De Falco Sandro , Ruvo Menotti
Published: September 2018

Combinatorially generated molecular repertoires have been largely used to identify
novel bioactive compounds. Ever more sophisticated technological solutions have been proposed
to simplify and speed up such process, expanding the chemical diversity space and increasing
the prospect to select new molecular entities with specific and potent activities
against targets of therapeutic relevance. In this context, random mixtures of oligomeric peptides
were originally used and since 25 years they represent a continuous source of bioactive
molecules with potencies ranging from the sub-nM to microM concentration. Synthetic peptide
libraries are still employed as starting “synthetic broths” of structurally and chemically
diversified molecular fragments from which lead compounds can be extracted and further
modified. Thousands of studies have been reported describing the application of combinatorial
mixtures of synthetic peptides with different complexity and engrafted on diverse structural
scaffolds for the identification of new compounds which have been further developed
and also tested in in vivo models of relevant diseases. We briefly review some of the most
used methodologies for library preparation and screening and the most recent case studies appeared
in the literature where compounds have reached at least in vivo testing in animal or
similar models. Recent technological advancements in biotechnology, engineering and computer
science have suggested new options to facilitate the discovery of new bioactive peptides.
In this instance, we anticipate here a new approach for the design of simple but focused
tripeptide libraries against druggable cavities of therapeutic targets and its complementation
with existing approaches.
Therapeutic Macromolecular Iron Chelators
Authors: Bulbake Upendra , Singh Alka , Domb Abraham J. , Khan Wahid
Published: September 2018

Iron is a key element for every single living process. On a fundamental level, targeting iron is a valuable approach for the treatment of disorders caused by iron overload. Utilizing iron chelators as therapeutic agents has received expanding consideration in chelation therapy. Approved low molecular weight (MW) iron chelators to treat iron overload may experience short half-lives and toxicities prompting moderately high adverse effects. In recent years, polymeric/macromolecular iron chelators have received attention as therapeutic agents. Polymeric iron chelators show unique pharmaceutical properties that are different to their conventional small molecule counterparts. These polymeric iron chelators possess longer plasma half-lives and reduced toxicities, thus exhibiting a significant supplement to currently using low MW iron chelator therapy. In this review, we have briefly discussed polymeric iron chelators and factors to be considered when designing clinically valuable iron chelators. We have also discussed applications of polymeric iron chelators in the diseases caused by iron overload associated with transfusional hemosiderosis, neurodegenerative disorders, malaria and cancer. With this, research findings for new polymeric iron chelators are also covered.
Lithium - Pharmacological and Toxicological Aspects: The Current State of the Art
Authors: Medić Branislava , Stojanović Marko , Stimec Bojan V. , Divac Nevena , Vujović Katarina Savić , Stojanović Radan , Čolović Mirjana , Krstić Danijela , Prostran Milica
Published: September 2018

:

Lithium is the smallest monovalent cation with many different biological effects.
Although lithium is present in the pharmacotherapy of psychiatric illnesses for decades, its
precise mechanism of action is still not clarified. Today lithium represents first-line therapy
for bipolar disorders (because it possesses both antimanic and antidepressant properties) and
the adjunctive treatment for major depression (due to its antisuicidal effects). Beside, lithium
showed some protective effects in neurological diseases including acute neural injury, chronic
degenerative conditions, Alzheimer's disease as well as in treating leucopenia, hepatitis and
some renal diseases. Recent evidence suggested that lithium also possesses some anticancer
properties due to its inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) which is included
in the regulation of a lot of important cellular processes such as: glycogen metabolism,
inflammation, immunomodulation, apoptosis, tissue injury, regeneration etc.

:

Although recent evidence suggested a potential utility of lithium in different conditions, its
broader use in clinical practice still trails. The reason for this is a narrow therapeutic index of
lithium, numerous toxic effects in various organ systems and some clinically relevant interactions
with other drugs. Additionally, it is necessary to perform more preclinical as well as
clinical studies in order to a precise therapeutic range of lithium, as well as its detailed
mechanism of action. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning
the pharmacological and toxicological effects of lithium.
Microdose Lithium NP03 Diminishes Pre-Plaque Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Alzheimer’s-like Amyloidosis
Authors: Wilson Edward N. , Do Carmo Sonia , Iulita M. Florencia , Hall Hélène , Austin Grant L. , Jia Dan T. , Malcolm Janice C. , Foret Morgan K. , Marks Adam R. , Butterfield D. Allan , Cuello A. Claudio
Published: September 2018

Background:

Microdose lithium is protective against Alzheimer’s disease (AD), although the
precise mechanisms through which its protective effects are conferred remain unclear.

Objective:

To further examine the effects during the earliest stages of Aβ pathology, we evaluated
whether NP03, a microdose lithium formulation, modulates Aβ-mediated oxidative damage and neuroinflammation
when applied to a rat transgenic model of AD-like amyloidosis overexpressing amyloid precursor
protein (APP).

Method:

McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rats and wild-type littermates were treated with NP03 or vehicle
formulation for 8 weeks beginning at 3 months of age - a phase preceding Aβ plaque deposition in
the transgenic rats.

Results:

Oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and proteinresident
3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), inflammatory cytokines production, as well as microglial recruitment
towards Aβ-burdened neurons were assayed. NP03 significantly decreased cerebral HNE and 3-NT, and
reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rats. NP03 further
reduced expression of microglia surface receptor Trem2 and led to a corresponding reduction in microglia
recruitment towards Aβ-burdened neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that NP03 may function to slow the AD-like pathology in part by
modifying oxidative/nitrosative damage and neuroinflammation, raising the possibility that low doses of
microencapsulated lithium might be of therapeutic-preventive value during very early or preclinical AD.
Synthesis, Cytotoxic Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of N-(7- hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)acetamide/benzamide Analogues
Authors: Ahsan Mohamed Jawed , Kumawat Rupesh Kumar , Jadav Surender Singh , Geesi Mohammed H. , Bakht Mohammed Afroz , Hassan Mohd. Zaheen , Al-Tamimi Abdulmalik Bin Saleh , Riadi Yassine , Salahuddin  , Hussain Afzal , Ganta Narayan Murthy , Khalilullah Habibullah
Published: September 2018

Background:

Cancer caused nearly 8.8 million deaths in 2015. Limited efficacy, selectivity,
drug resistance and toxicity are major complications associated with chemotherapy, potentiating
the discovery of anticancer agents.

Methods:

A new series of N-(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)acetamide/benzamide
analogues (5a-j) was prepared from the precursor, 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one (3), as
anticancer agent. The structural assignment of quinolone analogues (5a-j) was based on spectroscopic
data analyses. The cytotoxicity was tested on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-
231) by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and three dose-related parameters GI50, TGI, and LC50 were
calculated.

Results:

2-(2-chlorophenoxy)-N-(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoquinolin-1(2H)-yl)acetamide (5a)
showed the most potent cytotoxicity against the MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines with
GI50 of 18.7 and 48.1 µM respectively. The glide scores of the compounds, 5a-d were found to be
related to the cytotoxicity profile and the emodel scores for ligands, 5a-j were found to be related to
significant cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

Compound 5a exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity and this report may provide some
predictions to design more potent novel quinolines as cytotoxic agents.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites (helminth) found in the feces of some selected domestic birds, chickens (Gallus gallus) and pigeons (Columba livia domestica)
Authors: Shehu Hafsat M. , Shah M.M. , Sharif U.
Published: September 2018

Domestic birds have significant contributory role in national economy and social world. In Kano, especially in rural areas farmers and agriculturists still depend economically on these animals. The study was conducted to find out various gastrointestinal parasites and their prevalence in domestic birds using Specimens processed through Sedimentation and Floatation method.The result shows that there is high rate of infection in pigeons. On the other hand a low rate of infection was observed in chickens. The helminthes found in the domestic birds were of five species: S. intercalatum, Paragonimus sp, H. nana, Taenia spp and S. stercoralis larva. This study indicated that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of helminths between pigeons and chickens. It indicated that pigeons are most affected among districts.
Effect of organic and inorganic nutrient sources to vegetable pea in vegetable pea–maize cropping sequence on growth and yield parameters
Authors: WANNIANG SAMBORLANG K , SINGH AK , RAM V , RAY LALA IP , SINGH N JANAKI , DAS ANUP
Published: September 2018

To study the effect of organic and inorganic nutrients application in vegetable pea in vegetable pea-maize cropping sequence, a two years field experiment was conducted on the experimental farm of the College of Post Graduate Studies (CAU-I), Umiam, Ri-Bhoi (Meghalaya) during 2014-15 and 2015-16. The treatments included three organic nutrient sources viz., FYM (5 t ha-1) (B1), Rhizobium + phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (B2) and Rhizobium + PSB + FYM (5 t ha-1) (B3), and six inorganic nutrient sources viz., RDF (F1), RDF + Lime (0.5 t ha-1) (F2), 75 % RDF (F3), 75 % RDF + Lime (0.5 t ha-1) (F4), 50 % RDF (F5) and 50 % RDF + Lime (0.5 t ha-1) (F6) were replicated thrice in randomized block design. Among organic nutrient sources, treatment B3 recorded maximum values of growth, yield attributes, yields and economic returns which were high over B1 and B2 in both the years however, plant height, pod length, number of grains pod-1, seed index, harvest index, net return and B:C ratio in both the years. Similarly, gross return, net return, and B:C ratio did not differ significantly due to organic nutrients application in pea in both the years except for gross return in the second year B3 recorded significantly high gross return over B1 and B2 organic sources application in pea. Among inorganic nutrient sources, maximum values of growth, yield attributes, yields and economic returns were observed from F2 treatments those were significantly high over the same recorded from remaining inorganic nutrient treatments to vegetable pea in both the years except for seed index in the first year and stover yield and harvest index in both the years.
Adoption Pattern and Economic Impact of Potato Variety Kufri Khyati in Uttar Pradesh
Authors: SINGH DHIRAJ K , PANDEY NK , P KHARMNUID , RANA RAJESH K
Published: September 2018

The present study was undertaken to determine the adoption intensity and economic impact of short duration and high yielding potato variety Kufri Khyati, in Uttar Pradesh, the highest potato producing state of India. Ex post facto research design was used and data were collected from 96 farmers using a structured interview schedule. Analysis of data revealed that Kufri Pukhraj (33.1%) followed by Kufri Chipsona-1, Kufri Khyati, and Kufri Bahar were the most popular varieties in the study area. To find out the economic impact of Kufri Khyati, its cost of cultivation, gross as well as net return were calculated and compared with Kufri Pukhraj. It was found that cost of cultivation of K. Khyati was slightly higher than that of Kufri Pukhraj. However, due to more yield and higher selling price, gross as well as the net return was higher for Kufri Khyati than prevailing variety Kufri Pukhraj. The net return of Kufri Khyati was nearly 21 per cent higher than that of Kufri Pukhraj.
Influence of integrated weed management on weed dynamics and productivity of chili
Authors: JAISWAL RP , SINGH DHANANJAI , NAIDU AK
Published: September 2018

A field experiment was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm, Mahrajpur, Department of Horticulture, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) to study the efficacy of different herbicides and mulches against weeds in chili, It was recorded that dominant weed flora in the experiment was Eragrostis cillansis and Cyperus rotindus among monocot weeds, Chenopodium album, Melilotus alba, Anagallis aruensis and Parthenium hysterophorus among dicot weeds. Highest weed density of all the weed species, dry weed biomass were recorded in weedy check plots. Pendimethalin @ 1.5 l/ha + black polythene mulch resulted in the highest plant height (75.3 cm), number of primary branches per plant (15.66), number of fruits per plant (73.33), yield of red ripe fruit (134.7q/ha-1) and yield of dry fruit (22qha-1) followed by Pendimethalin @ 1.5 l/ha + paddy straw mulch. Therefore, pendimethalin @ 1.5 l/ha + black polythene mulch resulted in the most effective treatment in terms of weed suppression and yield enhancement of chili crop.
Staining techniques to ascertain CMS/FR system in maize (Zea mays L.) for hybrid development
Authors: ABIDI ISHFAQ , ALI G , DAR ZA , WANI SHABIR H , IQBAL ASIF M , GAZAL ASIMA
Published: September 2018

The major hurdle impeding the wide adoption of hybrid maize, in developing countries particularly in high altitudes of Indian Himalayas has been the cost consideration. Hybrid maize seed is generally 4-10 times more expensive than the seed of OPVs and often beyond the purchasing power of poor farmers who have limited resources and little access to the credit facilities. The seed production costs, therefore, need to be reduced drastically to make it available to the farmers at affordable prices. Currently, the hybrid maize seed is produced by detasseling of seed parent is labour intensive and costs 280-300 US dollars per hectare. Cytoplasmic male sterility (genetic emasculation) therefore, has been looked since long back as a sound and sustainable alternative to bring down the hybrid seed production costs besides adding purity to the end product. CMS plants are characterized by their inability to produce viable pollen while having little or no effect on female fertility. The unique pattern of inheritance (CMS is transmitted only through female parent) has enabled the CMS trait to be of great utility to plant breeders and the commercial seed industry. Staining techniques used in present investigation helped in the objective classification of maize pollen into fertile and sterile phenotypes in maize.
Screening of genotypes against Alternaria blight of rapeseed-mustard and its fungicidal management
Authors: SINGH HK , SHUKLA SUDHAKAR , YADAV JAY KUMAR , MAURYA MANISH KUMAR , MAURYA KN
Published: September 2018

Alternaria blight is destructive disease of rapeseed- mustard caused by Alternaria brassicae (Berk) Sacc. and A. brassicicola (Schw). The field experiments were conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15, with 200 genotypes for evaluation of their resistance to Alternaria blight, as well as to develop effective management strategies for this disease. None of the genotypes were found disease free or highly resistant, only 7 genotypes namely (DLSC-1, DRMR-261, DRMR-270, GSC-101, GSL-1, NPC-20 and PHR-2) were found resistant, 15 genotypes were rated as moderately resistant. Rest of the genotypes was either recorded susceptible or highly susceptible.For disease management, newly molecules of 6 fungicides were evaluated with 13 treatments combinations for their effectiveness. Propiconazole 25% EC @ 0.10% was found most effective in reducing the disease severity followed by same fungicide @ 0.05%. It was followed by Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 0.010%. Maximum test weight and yield was also recorded with the sprays of Propiconazole 25% EC @ 0.10% followed by same fungicide @ 0.05%. In comparison to other fungicides, the maximum B:C ratio was recorded with three sprays of Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 0.05% followed by Propiconazole 25% EC @ 0.05%.
Study of the Hydraulic Parameters of Existing Water Storage Structures in Bhakra Main Canal Command Area of Sirsa District, Haryana
Authors: JEET PAWAN , PATEL NEELAM
Published: September 2018

Balancing reservoirs are extensive kind of water storage structures. They ensure the adequate quantity of water availability to fulfill the demand and maintain water quality. The major hydraulic parameters of the tank are length, width, depth, side slope, surface area and storage capacity. In this study, information about hydraulic parameters of 109 existing balancing reservoirs was collected from various sources. The storage capacity of the balancing reservoir is important for the efficient operation of the water supply system. The balancing reservoir should be large enough to store sufficient water to meet both average and peak daily demands of the crop. In the present study, balancing reservoirs of different sizes and shapes were found existing in the farmers’ fields. Trapezoidal shaped tanks having a geometrical advantage over other shaped tanks can be constructed. Mostly, the B-category tanks (size between 50-100 m2) existed in research areas and these were based on the size of landholding. Water storage through the tank is considered as an efficient tool because it improves crop productivity and minimizes risk uncertainties.
ANFIS YÖNTEMİNİN ESNEK YOL ÜSTYAPILARININ YAPISAL ANALİZİNDE KULLANILABİLİRLİĞİ
Authors: SALTAN Mehmet , ALAEFARY Fakhir
Published: September 2018

Bir
kaplamanın kalan ömrünü doğru bir şekilde değerlendirme ihtiyacı, son
zamanlarda yeni bir kaplama inşaatından kaplama rehabilitasyonuna kadar uzanan
büyük harcamalar açısından önemi giderek artan bir sorun olmaktadır. Bu
nedenle, kaplama yapısının kalan ömrünü doğru bir şekilde tahmin etmek
gerekmektedir. Gelecekte planlama ve bütçe oluşturmak amacıyla, sistemdeki her
bir kaplama bölümünün kalan ömrünü tahmin etmek önemlidir. Kalan ömür, trafik
ve çevresel faktörlere maruz kalan kaplama sisteminin geriye kalan kullanışlı
ömrünün bir ölçüsü olmaktadır. Kalan ömür, yıl, kalan yük tekerlek sayısı veya
tasarım ömür yüzdesi olarak ifade edilebilmektedir. Bitümlü Sıcak Karışım (BSK)
kaplamanın kalan ömrünü tahmin etmek için, tahribatsız test yöntemlerinden elde
edilen malzeme özelliklerini kullanan farklı tahmin modelleri bulunmaktadır. 

Bu çalışmada esnek üstyapı kalan ömrü tahmini, Adaptif Ağ Yapısına
Dayalı Bulanık Çıkarım Sistemi (ANFIS) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tahmin
metotlarında girdiler; tabaka sayısı, yük tekrar sayısı, elastisite modülü (iki
asfalt kaplama, temel tabakası ve taban zemini), tabaka kalınlığı (iki asfalt
kaplama ve temel tabakası) olarak kullanılmış ve esnek üstyapı kalan ömrü çıktı
olarak alınmıştır. Tahmin edilen sonuçlar hesaplanan sonuçlarla
karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak tahmin edilen verilerin hesaplanan verilerle
yakın sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.
IN SITU GEL AS PLATFORM FOR KETOCONAZOLE SLOW RELEASE DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Sabar Methaq Hamad , Jaafar Iman Sabah , Mohamed Masar Basim Mohsin
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate ketoconazole (keto) as oral floating in situ gel to slow the release of keto in the stomach.Methods: Sodium alginate (Na alginate) was used as a primary polymer in the preparation of the in situ gel and was supported by the following polymers: guar gum (GG), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M, K15M and carbapol 940 as viscosity enhancing agents. As a consequence, and to complete the gelation process of above formulations was by adding the calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The in situ gels were investigated by the following tests: floating lag time, floating duration, viscosity, drug content, in vitro gelling studies and in vitro release study.Results: The study showed that the faster release was obtained with F1 which contained Na alginate alone. Additionally, reduction in Na alginate concentration resulted in significant increase in drug release. It was also noted that the increase in GG (viscosity enhancing polymer) concentration resulted in non-significant decrease in percent drug release and the reduction in CaCO3 concentration led to significant increase in drug release. Moreover, the release of drug was also affected by grade of viscosity enhancing polymer, the faster release was observed with the formula which contained a polymer of low viscosity (HPMC K4M) and an opposite result was with the high viscosity polymer (HPMCK15M).Conclusion: This study showed the formulation of Na alginate with GG and CaCO3, led to gain floating in situ gel and a sustained release of keto.
Observaciones metodológicas. Lo decolonial en el análisis de las mujeres y el islam en México
Authors: García Linares Ruth Jatziri
Published: September 2018

A partir de los discursos hegemónicos que Occidente ha promovido sobre el islam hay una serie de ideas que lo encasillan como un sistema de creencias opresivo hacia la mujer ¿Es esto cierto? ¿El islam oprime a todas las mujeres que lo practican? ¿El islam se recrea de la misma forma sin distinción alguna así en Arabia Saudita, en Pakistán o México? Este artículo reflexiona sobre la importancia de comprender la práctica del islam en contextos particulares. A la luz de los procesos de conversión, tratamos de entender cómo y de qué manera las mujeres musulmanas conversas y mexicanas, del Centro Islámico del Norte en la ciudad de Monterrey, reconfiguran su identidad religiosa y de género, no solo bajo los postulados del islam, sino insertas en un sistema patriarcal que las contiene antes de su arribo a esta práctica religiosa. Para hacerlo partimos de dos ideas fundamentales: la comprensión de un islam universal y situado, y la propuesta teórica decolonial, en la cual encontramos una oportunidad para ajustar ese discurso hegemónico que se ha erigido como único y verdadero y que coloca al islam como una religión que oprime los derechos de las mujeres en donde quiera que esta se implante.
Manuscritos caligráficos en fondos antiguos: análisis del ms. Göttingen Schönschriften (ca. 1560)
Authors: Navarro Diego
Published: September 2018

Se analizan las principales características del manuscrito caligráfico titulado Schönschriften (=Bellas escrituras) hallado en la biblioteca histórica de la Universidad de Göttingen (Alemania). Se aplica un método basado en los principios de la descripción material para desentrañar aspectos formales, virtuosismo técnico y estético, y circunstancias históricas de producción y uso de las “Artes de escribir” de los siglos XVI y XVII. Estos ejemplos muestran la necesaria integración entre investigación y práctica caligráfica. Sus resultados se pueden aplicar a la mejora de la formación bibliotecológica y paleográfica de personal responsable de la gestión de fondo antiguo.
Normativas interoperables sobre control de autoridades para bibliotecas digitales semánticas
Authors: Garzón-Farinós Fernanda , Peset Fernanda
Published: September 2018

Las comunidades de la web y las instituciones de conservación del patrimonio han trabajado paralelamente intentando alcanzar un mismo fin: transmitir conocimiento. Las herramientas desarrolladas para bibliotecas intentan ahora confluir con la tecnología de la web semántica. Ambas necesitan expresar instancias con distintos de nombres. Los numerosos esquemas para diferentes usos de las autoridades añaden complejidad. Este trabajo aclara la situación con un cuadro de equivalencias entre nueve normas y facilita la decisión para escoger y convertirlos de uno u otro formato. Ha sido probado en el diccionario biográfico Vestigium.
Puzzling Hybrid, Hybrid Puzzling
Authors: Kleinsasser Robert C
Published: September 2018

This paper further develops information from a plenary address given during the inaugural UHAMKA International Conference on English Language Teaching (ELT) and Computer assisted language learning (CALL) (UICELL 2017) in Jakarta, Indonesia, November 23, 2017. This article encourages inquiry into hybrid (blended, connected, etc.) and second language acquisition (SLA) research, teaching, and learning. Panoramic sketches survey current hybrid research and practice. Heeding Fishman and Dede’s (2016) advice, readers will be challenged to consider shifting from “educational evolution to transformation and disruption” and “investing in a robust, flexible infrastructure of people and tools” (pp. 1320-1321). Second language (L2) acquisition elements will offer potential to broaden the edges of various landscapes of L2 teaching and learning (e.g., face-to-face, online, and hybrid), while offering avenues of innovative research potential for hybrid types of investigations, in general. Readers will be enjoined to consider macro- and micro- issues where they can puzzle about the creation and development of vibrant (L2) hybrid (blended, connected, etc.) teaching, learning, and research agendas.
Classroom Interaction Patterns in EFL Task- Based Classroom
Authors: Arisandi Bobi
Published: September 2018

The research was conducted to find out the interaction pattern that emerged when lecturer used Task-Based Instruction in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom at the third semester of English Study Program of Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan and Ilmu Pendidikan Muhammadiyah Kotabumi-Lampung. Researcher used third semester of speaking class students as the participants. The data was taken by using three instruments which were classroom observation, questionnaire and interview. The research was qualitative research. The result of this study revealed a conclusion.  There were two kinds of interaction in the classroom during the use of Task-Based Instruction. The interactions that emerged were student-lecturer interaction and student-student interaction. The finding of this research can be beneficial as suggestions in two following area; theoretical and practical. In the theoretical area, this research can be useful for enriching the existing theory of classroom interaction, especially for teaching English as Foreign Language in Indonesia. On practical area, this research can be useful for lecturer to broaden the understanding toward classroom interaction and researcher for further research on classroom interaction.
Capital nativo e reestruturação produtiva na praça do Recife: crédito hipotecário entre 1865 e 1914
Authors: Leandro Leonardo Milanez de Lima , Marcondes Renato Leite
Published: September 2018

O objetivo do estudo é discutir as características do crédito hipotecário recifense frente à diminuição do ritmo de crescimento da economia pernambucana. Para tanto, foram utilizados, como fontes primárias, 5.612 contratos de hipotecas, coletados no Cartório do 1º Ofício do Registro de Imóveis do Recife. Será demonstrado que o crédito foi disponibilizado majoritariamente a partir de poupanças nativas, que deram suporte à expansão da rede de serviços públicos da cidade, mantiveram o funcionamento do comércio e financiaram indústrias.
The Development of Intra-Quarter Territories of the Historical Center of St. Petersburg with Consideration of Consumer Activity of the Population
Authors: Lavrov Leonid P.
Published: September 2018

Prospects for the development of the historical center of St Petersburg are considered. The specifics of its residential quarters housing are revealed, which occupies more than a thousand hectares and is based on the use of two contrasting morphotypes - exterior and intra-quarter. There is a tendency to use intra-quarter territories for public purposes. The difficulties encountered in the implementation of the variant in which the open courtyards were the key object are analyzed. A tendency for spontaneous privatization and the passive use of household plots are fixed, which results in their exclusion from the urbanization process. Passivity of administrative bodies is noted in the absence of effective financial and legal instruments for regulating urban development The concept of arrangement of intra-quarter passages (a variant of the popular St Petersburg courtyards) is proposed. Their system is designed to compensate for thelow density of the street network in the center of St Petersburg and improve the conditions of pedestrian communications. The basis for the implementation of such projects may be intra-quarter depressive sites. There is a possibility for accommodation of various objects of social infrastructure along the transport routes, designed for the conditions of passing services. It is proposed to take into account the successful experience of entrance courtyards usage on the territory of blocks and the development of roofs for excursions. It is assumed that this approach can attract private investment to rehabilitate depressed areas.
Historical-Genetic Interconnections of the Pskov-Novgorod Settlement System
Authors: Kudryavtseva Natalia O. , Kubetskaya Lyubov I.
Published: September 2018

The article analyzes the historicalandgeneticinterconnections of the oldest cities of Novgorod and Pskov, the most important in the basic network of state resettlement their geopolitical and administrative role in the consolidation of the Russian state; provides ancient factual data confirming the unity of the Pskov-Novgorod regional settlement system; highlights the features in the distribution of administrative functions between them-the degree of influence on the development of the planning structure, the socio-economic links between the main centers and surrounding settlements. The close relationship between Pskov and Novgorod was notlimited to the commonality of state and geopolitical interests. The historical facts that testify to the political and administrative dominance of Novgorod can be traced its steadyleadership in the trade and economic influence on the entire northwestern region of the Russian state, that created a complementarity of functions between neighboring cities: the predominance of administrative or economic in one center, for example, Novgorod and the predominance of defense in the other - Pskov; the analysis of the historical settlement system confirms the priority role of Novgorod which consolidated its interests in trade with the Pskov suburbs such as Toropets, Velikiye Luki, Kholm- which were in the zone of influence of both Pskov and Novgorod. The phenomenon of the transfer of central functions (administrative, commercial and economic) from one historical center to another is observed as happened at the end of theXVIIth - beginning of theXVIIIth centuries, when the stay of foreign merchant ships was stopped in Kholmogory, the trade in timber and bread and the role of the capital of the Russian North passed to Arkhangelsk. Recommendations are given on the account of ancient historical and geneticlinks in the supporting framework of the resettlement of Russia, which strengthens and strengthens the historicaland cultural integrity atthestatelevel.
Technological Optimization of Town-Planning Activity
Authors: Mityagin Sergey D.
Published: September 2018

The town-planning code of the Russian Federation allows to prepare the documents regulating design and planning activity independently by each subject of the town-planning relations. At the same time violations in the form of mismatch of information contents between separate town-planning documents are possible. These defects of a legal design can be eliminated by special federal instructive-methodological document preparation which is constructed on the basis of optimization of technological model of town-planning design activity which assumes in particular:1) strict execution of functional priorities establishment tasks of the Russian Federation Town-planning code in territories assignment at the Russian Federation territorial planning schemes level functional zones (land categories) dislocation definition in territorial planning schemes of the territorial subjects of the Russian Federation municipal districts and also in city district master plan drafts city and rural settlements2) town-planning zoning works reference to the level of territory planning documents preparation where the territorial zones of placement of capital construction projects would be established in the borders of planning structure elements of the settlement3) land plots surveying in the borders of territorial zones perform on the basis of the complex of conciliation procedures and public hearings of volume spatial decisions (sketches) of building undergoneThe offered town-planning design actions organization technological model is directed to planning solutions consecutive specification from different level territorial planning schemes, including city district master plans, city and rural settlements to theland plot planning organization schemes of the capital construction projects, i.e. from an investment plan to project realization.
Development of Low-Rise Housing Construction in the Territory of the Central Federal District
Authors: Petrova Zoya K. , Dolgova Viktoria O.
Published: September 2018

Actuality of the investigated problem is conditioned by the necessity of development of low-rise housing construction on territory of the Central Federal District (CFD) of Russia, because, despite positive dynamics, low-rise housing estate is yet not enough used in town-planning practice. The aim of the article is to give an analysis of the state of application of low-rise housing estate in the conditions of this district for development of scientific grounds of the "Government program of low-rise housing construction on territory of the Central Federal District of Russia". Development of low-rise housing construction is aimed to the quickest decision of the housing problem, improvement the comfort of dwelling and quality of residential environment, increase of availability of accommodation for greater part of population. The Central Federal District is the geographical and important financial center of Russia. It includes plenty of small and medium-sized cities, including historical cities, as well as rural settlements, where development of low-rise housing estate is especially expedient.

In terms of housing provision, Russians still lag behind most of the economically developed countries. The demographic indicators and the standard of living of the population largely depend on the condition and volume of the housing stock and on the environmental conditions. The town-planning and environmental problems of the regions of the CFD need to be addressed in accordance with the "Strategy for the socio-economic development of the Central Federal District for the period to 2020". Town-planning conditions for low-rise buildings can be averaged in the following options: in urban districts; suburban areas, outside the city in the near, middle and far suburbs; in rural settlements (with selection of reserve territories necessary for development of low-rise buildings).

In the Central Federal District of Russia there is enough territory for the development of low-rise housing construction, an early solution of the housing problem and the creation of a comfortable living environment. Therefore, the development of a scientifically based "State program of low-rise construction in the territory of the Central Federal District of Russia" is necessary. The Program should be based on the disaggregation of concentrations in urban agglomerations and the creation of residential areas with low-rise buildings in urban districts and rural settlements.
Исследование видового разнообразия грибов-литобионтов, выделенны с образцов цементных композитов, содержащих известняки различного происхождения и подвергнутых старению в условиях черноморского климата
Authors: Erofeev Vladimir T. , Kablov Evgeniy N. , Startsev Oleg V. , Smirnov Vasily F. , Erofeeva Irina V. , Ushkina Victoria V. , Emelyanov Denis V. , Balatkhanova Elita M. , Korotaev Sergey A.
Published: September 2018

В статье приводятся результаты исследования биостой­кости цементных композитов, наполненных карбонатными и силикатными породами, экспонируемых в течение одного года в условиях черноморского климата на открытой площад­ке и под навесом, а также в морской воде. Определено видо­вое и родовое разнообразие грибов-литобионтов, заселяю­щих образцы, обусловленное происхождением карбонатной породы и условиями старения. По результатам исследований установлено, что биологическое обрастание, количество видов в сообществе, а также конкретный видовой состав в большей мере зависят от условий эксплуатации материала, нежели от минерального состава наполнителя. В работе дана классификация биологических агентов - разрушителей стро­ительных материалов - в зависимости от оптимальных усло­вий для их роста, что может быть перспективно для дальней­шей разработки подходов для борьбы с ними. Установлены рациональные составы цементных композитов, полученных на основе известняков различного происхождения.
Calculation of Constructions of Variable Thickness by Method of Steepest Descent
Authors: Petrov Vladilen V. , Pimenov Dmitry A. , Mischenko Roman V.
Published: September 2018

The technique of calculation of structural elements of variable thickness is discussed in the article. Such constructive elements are described by differential equations with variable coefficients, for the implementation of which it is necessary to have a reliable calculation method that allows obtaining a fairly accurate solution. The most effective method for calculating such structures is the steepest descent method, developed by L.V. Kantorovich. Within the framework of this article, the idea of the method is set forth in the example of solving problems of bending a beam and a plate of variable thickness.

A sequence is given for calculating the design of a variable MSD thickness using the example of a statically indeterminate beam, where the bending equation for a beam of constant cross section was used as the initial approximation. Then this method was generalized to a more complex two-dimensional construction - a plate of variable thickness. The problem of constructing the initial approximation for solving a partial differential equation was solved. As an example, we considered a square plate in plan, hinged on the contour. The results of the calculation were compared with the results obtained by the finite difference method.

In solving specific problems by the method of steepest descent, it was revealed that it differs from direct methods, such as, for example, Ritz-Timoshenko, Bubnov-Galerkin, which consists in the fact that successive approximations in solving problems are not obtained in a priori chosen form, but in the form , determined by the problem itself. In the MSD, the solution is corrected qualitatively in the course of implementing the method, and when solving the problem by variational methods, we choose the approximating function and thereby set the solution configuration.

The use of the MSD makes it possible to obtain finite formulas for determining the stress-strain state of structures of variable thickness, which will allow them to quickly implement their variant design.
Diagrams of Deformation of Cement Composites Reinforced with Steel Wire Fiber
Authors: Pukharenko Yuri V. , Panteleev Dmitry A. , Zhavoronkov Mikhail I.
Published: September 2018

Modern construction practice acquires such a tendency, at which it is required to use materials with increased physical, mechanical and operational characteristics, and at the same time, do not require significant material, labor and energy costs for their production. One of the most promising building materials that meet the requirements is fiber-reinforced concrete. However, the increase in the volume of its use is limited by the insufficient degree of study of its properties and characteristics. This problem is aggravated by the constantly expanding range of reinforcing fibers, which can give composites produced on their basis, completely different properties and characteristics.

One of the most important characteristics of fiber-reinforced concrete is crack resistance. The most informative method of research of this characteristic is the construction and analysis of deformation and fracture diagrams of samples obtained during bending tensile strength tests. At the initial stage of the described study, several series of fiber-reinforced concrete samples were tested. During the tests, a standard method for assessing the fracture toughness of heavy and fine-grained concretes, governed by the requirements of GOST 29167, was used. A device specially designed for testing fiber-reinforced concrete was used.

As a result of the tests, a general view of the deformation diagrams of fiber-reinforced concrete samples was established, strength and energy characteristics of crack resistance, as well as the modulus of elasticity were found, and the labor intensity of the tests was high.

In this paper we describe a possible way of obtaining fracture patterns for fiber-reinforced concrete by calculation. The resulting diagrams of deformation of fiber-reinforced concrete samples are built on several key points, the determination of which coordinates is made by calculation.

The paper compares the experimental and calculated fracture toughness characteristics of fiber-reinforced concrete manufactured using steel wire fiber. Comparison of the data presented indicates a satisfactory agreement between the calculated and experimental data, which proves the validity of the proposed method for obtaining fiber-reinforced concrete deformation diagrams.
Modern Technologies of Low-Rise Construction
Authors: Afanasyev Alexandr A. , Afanasyev Grigory Alexandrovich
Published: September 2018

Technologies of construction ofLow-rise buildings of various design schemes are considered.

Particular attention is paid to the technologies of erecting blocked houses (townhouses), cottages and other low-rise buildings.

As a basis of technologies, new design solutions and mechanization means are adopted, which ensure a reduction in the duration of work and material consumption in the construction of low-rise buildings. Thus, the article shows that the transition from tape foundations to foundation slabs reduces the duration of work on the foundation in 2,5-3,0 times.

The technological features of the erection of the blocked houses of the wall system and the prefabricated monolithic system are considered. It is shown that irrespective of the constructive scheme, the external walls according to thermo­technical indices are made of gas silicate blocks with a density of D 350-400 and a thickness of 450 mm, which makes it possible to reduce the work complexity in 2,0-2,5 times compared to a brick or three-layer masonry. It is shown that the use of gas silicate blocks allows the construction of buildings up to three floors in various climatic zones.

It is shown that an increase in the production of gas silicate blocks is associated with the economic benefit of their use. In addition, the statistics on heat consumption in townhouses testify to the use of gas-silicate blocks, which are twicelower than city-wide ones, and thelabor intensity of the gas-silicate blocks is five times lower than the brickwork and cheaper by 15-20%.