bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and Multifractality Analysis of the Chinese Stock Market: Evidence from Stock Indices before and after the 2015 Stock Market Crash
Authors: Han Chenyu , Wang Yiming , Xu Yingying
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the daily return series of four main indices, including Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SSE), Shenzhen Stock Exchange Component Index (SZSE), Shanghai Shenzhen 300 Index (SHSE-SZSE300), and CSI Smallcap 500 index (CSI500) in Chinese stock market from 2000 to 2018 by multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA). The series of the daily return of the indices exhibit significant multifractal properties on the whole time scale and SZSE has the highest multifractal properties among the four indices, indicating the lowest market efficiency. The multifractal properties of four indices are due to long-range correlation and fat-tail characteristics of the non-Gaussian probability density function, and these two factors have different effects on the multifractality of four indices. This paper aims to compare the multifractility degrees of the four indices in three sub-samples divided by the 2015 stock market crash and to discuss its effects on efficiency of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock market in each sub-sample. Meanwhile, we study the effect of the 2015 stock market crash on market efficiency from the statistical and fractal perspectives, which has theoretical and practical significance in the application of Effective Market Hypothesis (EMH) in China’s stock market, and it thereby affects the healthy and sustainability of the market. The results also provide important implications for further study on the dynamic mechanism and efficiency in stock market and they are relevant to portfolio managers and policy makers in a number of ways to maintain the sustainable development of China’s capital market and economy.
Effectiveness of Arguments Used in the Creation of Protected Areas of Sustainable Use in Brazil: A Case Study from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado
Authors: Roque Mariane Paulina Batalha , Ferreira Neto José Ambrósio , Faria André Luis Lopes de , Ferreira Fernanda Machado , Teixeira Thais Helena , Coelho Lívia Lopes
Published: March 2019

Studies on the effectiveness of the discourse motivating the creation of protected areas (PAs) and their empirical reality are scarce. The lack of knowledge in this area affects programs and policies on the maintenance and creation of protected areas. Thus, we investigated this matter using the case study of the Nascente Geraizeiras Sustainable Development Reserve (NGSDR) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The reserve comprises a transition area between Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, two critical biomes in the world of biodiversity and the only two hotspots in Brazil. Changes in land use were identified over a period of 30 years, from 1987 to 2017, based on a compilation of the arguments associated with the creation of the PA, geographic information system (GIS) techniques, remote sensing (RS) data, and landscape ecology indices. Seven types of land use were identified using Random Forest classifier R software: native forest, silviculture, pasture, bare soil, rocky outcrop, watercourses, and agriculture. The overall mean accuracy of the classification was 90% for all five periods. The results demonstrated that the creation of protected areas is supported by contexts of land use still based on traditional. The case study showed the discourse served as a fundamental strategy in the beginning of the mobilization that culminated in the creation of the NGSDR, in the containment of forestry, in an increase in native forest areas, and in reduced fragmentation, leading to an improvement in the conservation status of the landscape. The present study encourages future researchers to apply the evaluated approach and demonstrates its potential in assessing the formulation of programs and policies on protected areas worldwide, providing valid indicators for the improvement of ecosystem services.
Characteristics of Atmospheric Deposition during the Period of Algal Bloom Formation in Urban Water Bodies
Authors: Zheng Tao , Cao Haihua , Liu Wei , Xu Jingcheng , Yan Yijing , Lin Xiaohu , Huang Juwen
Published: March 2019

Urban water bodies are limited by poor mobility, small surface areas, and little water supply; thus, they are sensitive to atmospheric nutrient inputs, especially during the optimal period of algae growth. This study investigated the impact of atmospheric deposition on the Quyang urban water body in Shanghai. Observations that coupled atmospheric organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorous and the actual urban water body (nutrient availability and Chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a)) were conducted during spring and summer. Atmospheric total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia (N-NH4+) and total phosphorus (TP) deposition ranged from 35–81, 3–40, 0.79–20.40 and 0.78–0.25 mg m−2 d−1, respectively. The soluble N/P molar ratios of the bulk deposition (ranging from 56–636) were well above the Redfield ratio (N/P = 16). Nutrient inputs from atmospheric deposition have been suggested to be a strong factor for increasing the likelihood of P limitation in the water bodies. The actual loads to small, shallow urban water bodies were assessed and found to be ~50, 130, 130 (the N-fixation contributes to the atmospheric deposition inputs especially during the spring), and 80% of TOC, TN, N-NH4+, and TP, respectively, representing nutrients transferred into the water phase. The maximum primary production (evaluated as Chl-a) stock resulting in a 2-m-deep water column from the above inputs ranged from 2.54–7.98 mg Chl-a m−3. As a continuous source of nutrients, atmospheric deposition should not be underestimated as a driving force for urban water body eutrophication, and it potentially influences primary production, especially during the optimal algae growth period.
Can Public-Private Partnerships Foster Investment Sustainability in Smart Hospitals?
Authors: Moro Visconti Roberto , Martiniello Laura , Morea Donato , Gebennini Elisa
Published: March 2019

This article addresses the relationship between Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) and the sustainability of public spending in smart hospitals. Smart (technological) hospitals represent long-termed investments where public and private players interact with banking institutions and eventually patients, to satisfy a core welfare need. Characteristics of smart hospitals are critically examined, together with private actors’ involvement and flexible forms of remuneration. Technology-driven smart hospitals are so complicated that they may require sophisticated PPP. Public players lack innovative skills, whereas private actors seek additional compensation for their non-routine efforts and higher risk. PPP represents a feasible framework, especially if linked to Project Financing (PF) investment patterns. Whereas the social impact of healthcare investments seems evident, their financial coverage raises growing concern in a capital rationing context where shrinking public resources must cope with the growing needs of chronic elder patients. Results-Based Financing (RBF) is a pay-by-result methodology that softens traditional PPP criticalities as availability payment sustainability or risk transfer compensation. Waste of public money can consequently be reduced, and private bankability improved. In this study, we examine why and how advanced Information Technology (IT) solutions implemented in “Smart Hospitals” should produce a positive social impact by increasing at the same time health sustainability and quality of care. Patient-centered smart hospitals realized through PPP schemes, reshape traditional healthcare supply chains with savings and efficiency gains that improve timeliness and execution of care.
Assessing the Capacity of Adaptive Policy Pathways to Adapt on Time by Mapping Trigger Values to Their Outcomes
Authors: Raso Luciano , Kwakkel Jan , Timmermans Jos
Published: March 2019

Climate change raises serious concerns for policymakers that want to ensure the success of long-term policies. To guarantee satisfactory decisions in the face of deep uncertainties, adaptive policy pathways might be used. Adaptive policy pathways are designed to take actions according to how the future will actually unfold. In adaptive pathways, a monitoring system collects the evidence required for activating the next adaptive action. This monitoring system is made of signposts and triggers. Signposts are indicators that track the performance of the pathway. When signposts reach pre-specified trigger values, the next action on the pathway is implemented. The effectiveness of the monitoring system is pivotal to the success of adaptive policy pathways, therefore the decision-makers would like to have sufficient confidence about the future capacity to adapt on time. “On time” means activating the next action on a pathway neither so early that it incurs unnecessary costs, nor so late that it incurs avoidable damages. In this paper, we show how mapping the relations between triggers and the probability of misclassification errors inform the level of confidence that a monitoring system for adaptive policy pathways can provide. Specifically, we present the “trigger-probability” mapping and the “trigger-consequences” mappings. The former mapping displays the interplay between trigger values for a given signpost and the level of confidence regarding whether change occurs and adaptation is needed. The latter mapping displays the interplay between trigger values for a given signpost and the consequences of misclassification errors for both adapting the policy or not. In a case study, we illustrate how these mappings can be used to test the effectiveness of a monitoring system, and how they can be integrated into the process of designing an adaptive policy.
Rural Tourism in Globalizing Beijing: Reproduction of the Mountainous Suburbs into a New Space of Leisure Consumption
Authors: Liu Ran , Wong Tai-Chee
Published: March 2019

Rural tourism is increasingly becoming an important complementary service sector of major Chinese cities operating at their immediate adjacent suburban or rural zones. By promoting a green economy, such zones of rural–urban interface/interactions attract more and more public investments, business investors, and leisure seekers. Taking the Yanqi Nightless Valley of Huairou District, and the Ganyugou Village and Xibailianyu Village of Miyun District of Beijing as case studies, this paper investigates the private entrepreneurship, the local peasants’ business drive, and the role of the local governments in integrating the mountainous “backwater” into Beijing’s globalizing economy. Their joint efforts in reconstructing and branding rural tourism resorts, and the ways in which the rural socioeconomic setting was transformed into a post-productive, consumption-dominated, and creative-cum-quality service center is analyzed. The paper analyzes the success and failure of Beijing’s rural tourism business operations, and links their marketing with the capital city’s ambition to brand itself into a globalizing city. Results show that success is highly dependent on physical connectivity. Those seated at the “semi-periphery” with highways or other access corridors are capable of attracting large city clientele. Remote sites, on the contrary, can hardly benefit from the trickle-down process. Hence, a more integrative framework in favor of a more balanced development is finally addressed.
Extrusion Compounding Process for the Development of Eco-Friendly SCG/PP Composite Pellets
Authors: Sohn Joo Seong , Ryu Youngjae , Yun Chang-Seok , Zhu Kun , Cha Sung Woon
Published: March 2019

As the consumption of coffee increases worldwide, the amount of spent coffee grounds (SCG) is gradually increasing every year. Some of these grounds are recycled for composting, but most are discarded, which causes widespread financial and social costs. We developed a bio-based plastic pellet by blending polypropylene (PP) with waste biomass SCG to convert it into a sustainable, recyclable eco-friendly material. It was confirmed that extrusion compounding for SCG/PP composite pellets and injection molding with good formability are possible. To evaluate the formability of the composite pellets, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test specimens were prepared for evaluating mechanical properties by injection molding. As a result of the measurement of the test samples, the mechanical properties of SCG/PP composite pellets were generally lowered as the SCG content increased. However, the impact strength of SCG/PP composite based on the HOMO-PP matrix improved as the SCG content increased. In addition, Young’s modulus of SCG/PP increased as the SCG content increased. In the future, this study will be applied to manufacture of products that requires non-toxic products, such as disposable products and food containers, realizing commercialization of eco-friendly products and thereby replacing finite petroleum resources and practicing resource circulation and environmental protection.
Synergetic Effect and Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Railway Transportation in Sustainable Development of Trade: An Empirical Study Based on the Belt and Road
Authors: Sun Qipeng , Wang Xiu , Ma Fei , Han Yanhu , Cheng Qianqian
Published: March 2019

The low-energy consumption and large-capacity of railway transportation play vital catalytic roles in economy and trade. Scientific research investigating the relationship between railway transportation and trade is important in promoting their coordinated development, exerting their synergistic effects, and realizing sustainable trade. Given the serious imbalance between the development of railway transportation and trade of countries along the “the Belt and Road” (The “Silk Road Economic Belt” and the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road”), we used the entropy weight method to calculate the level of railway transportation and trade development, and then calculated the coordination degrees of the countries along the Belt and Road between them using the coupling-coordination model. The results showed that the average coupling degree between railway transportation and trade development was 0.728, which means that there is a strong interaction between railway transportation and trade. Only 25% of these countries achieved highly coordinated development, and these countries could achieve sustainable trade by fully utilizing the synergetic effect of railway transportation and trade. The coordination degrees of countries along the Belt and Road have strong spatial agglomeration, and the performance of Middle and Eastern European countries is better. Finally, we put forward some suggestions, such as strengthening the construction of railway infrastructure, improving the railway operation level, developing multimodal transport, and enlarging the role of the railway transportation network in the trade of the Belt and Road to achieve sustainable trade.
Sustaining Places: Sensibility Models as Decision Support Tools for Messy Problems
Authors: Walkerden Greg
Published: March 2019

Methods for passing on findings of ecological research are well established; methods for passing on what is learned in environmental management are much less institutionalized, and much less comprehensive. In particular, questions that are less disciplinable are less likely to be investigated and the learnings shared. A key challenge is that the orderliness of knowing-how is not nearly as systematic as science, law or ethics. It is shaped by practical exigencies, and so is profoundly historical-reflecting tradition and experience. Felt understanding, researched through disciplined reflective practice, provides a valuable empirical opportunity. It is the layer of knowing-how that practitioners rely on (consider, for example, the importance that feeling uncomfortable in a negotiation has). Secondly, it is a window on the field of possibilities practitioners are considering, so it offers a wider lens on know how than research that focuses on what practitioners are observed doing. Thirdly, it makes complex practice skills such as acting simultaneously as scientist, politician and manager researchable. Decision support tools built from explicating felt understanding therefore better support flexibility and openness, and are better suited to scaffolding expert practice than, for example, documenting repertoires of procedures. They are particularly well suited to sharing expertise related to ‘messy problems’ encountered by sustainability practitioners. The ‘sensibility model’ explicated here is a proof of concept of an alternative way of researching know how, and supporting reflective transfer amongst sustainability practitioners.
On the Effect of Thomson and Initial Stress in a Thermo-Porous Elastic Solid under G-N Electromagnetic Theory
Authors: Abd-Elaziz Elsayed M. , Marin Marin , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: March 2019

The present work investigated the effect of Thomson and initial stress in a thermo-porous elastic solid under G-N electromagnetic theory. The Thomson coefficient affects the heat condition equation. A constant Thomson coefficient, instead of traditionally a constant Seebeck coefficient, is assumed. The charge density of the induced electric current is taken as a function of time. A normal mode method is proposed to analyze the problem and to obtain numerical solutions. The results that were obtained for all physical sizes are graphically illustrated and we offer a comparison between the type II G-N theory and the G-N theory of type III, both in the present case and in the absence of specific parameters, as initial stress, pores and the Thomson effect. Some particular cases are also discussed in the context of the problem. The results indicate that the effect of initial stress, Thomson coefficient effect, and magnetic field are very pronounced.
Elucidating Transmission Patterns of Endemic Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Using Molecular Epidemiology
Authors: Mitchell Rebecca M. , Beaver Annabelle , Knupfer Elena , Pradhan Abani K. , Fyock Terry , Whitlock Robert H. , Schukken Ynte H.
Published: March 2019

Mycobacterial diseases are persistent and characterized by lengthy latent periods. Thus, epidemiological models require careful delineation of transmission routes. Understanding transmission routes will improve the quality and success of control programs. We aimed to study the infection dynamics of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causal agent of ruminant Johne’s disease, and to distinguish within-host mutation from individual transmission events in a longitudinally MAP-defined dairy herd in upstate New York. To this end, semi-annual fecal samples were obtained from a single dairy herd over the course of seven years, in addition to tissue samples from a selection of culled animals. All samples were cultured for MAP, and multi-locus short-sequence repeat (MLSSR) typing was used to determine MAP SSR types. We concluded from these precise MAP infection data that, when the tissue burden remains low, the majority of MAP infections are not detectable by routine fecal culture but will be identified when tissue culture is performed after slaughter. Additionally, we determined that in this herd vertical infection played only a minor role in MAP transmission. By means of extensive and precise longitudinal data from a single dairy herd, we have come to new insights regarding MAP co-infections and within-host evolution.
Optimal Water Allocation Based on Water Rights Transaction Models with Administered and Market-Based Systems: A Case Study of Shiyang River Basin, China
Authors: Wang Lizhen , Zhao Yong , Huang Yuefei , Wang Jianhua , Li Haihong , Zhai Jiaqi , Zhu Yongnan , Wang Qingming , Jiang Shan
Published: March 2019

Water-rights trade has proved to be an effective method for coping with water shortages through the transfer of water resources between users. The water allocation system is classified into two categories based on information transparency and water rights transaction goals: administered system (AS) and market-based system (MS). A multi-agent and multi-objective optimal allocation model, built on a complex adaptive system, was introduced to direct the distribution of water resources under an AS in the Shiyang River Basin; it was compared with a market-based water rights transaction model using the bulletin-board approach. Ideal economic agent equations played a dominant role in both models. The government and different water users were conceptualized as agents with different behaviors and goals in water allocation. The impact of water-saving cost on optimal water allocation was also considered. The results showed that an agent’s water-saving behavior was incentivized by high transaction prices in the water market. Under the MS, the highest bid in the quotation set had a dominant influence on how trade was conducted. A higher transaction price will, thus, result in a better benefit ratio, and a lower one will result in inactivity in terms of water rights trade. This will significantly impact the economic benefit to the basin.
Heavy Metal Contamination of Irrigation Water, Soil, and Vegetables and the Difference between Dry and Wet Seasons Near a Multi-Industry Zone in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Minhaz , Matsumoto Masaru , Ozaki Akinori , Thinh Nguyen , Kurosawa Kiyoshi
Published: March 2019

Heavy metal (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) contamination in irrigation water, soil, and vegetables was investigated in farmland adjacent to a multi-industry zone in Bangladesh in dry and wet seasons. In the zone, many factories release wastewater into nearby irrigation canals, and vegetables cultivated with this water could be a major food chain route for human exposure. In the irrigation water and vegetables, heavy metal concentrations exceeded permissible levels in the two seasons, but this was not the case in soil. Zn had the highest concentration, and Cd had the lowest concentration in irrigation water, soil, and vegetables. All heavy metal concentrations were found to be lower in the wet than in the dry season, which is due to the dilution of water by rainfall, lower absorption of heavy metals from the diluted irrigation water, and heavy metal absorption from low concentrated irrigation water and/or soil. The cluster analysis data of irrigation water, soil, and vegetables revealed that the heavy metals in vegetables were considered to be absorbed from irrigation water in the wet season and from soil in the dry season. In the dry season, the high heavy metal concentrations in vegetables might be caused by a high bioconcentration factor (mostly > 20%).
STUDYING OF THE CIRCUIT DESIGN IN NON-SPECIALIZED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Savenkov Oleksandr
Published: March 2019

The expediency, possibilities and prospects of studying the basics of circuit design in non-engineering specialties of the pedagogical university were considered. The analysis of modern virtualization software of circuit design solutions while learning the circuit design is carried out.
Tingkat Serangan Hama Penggerek Batang Jagung Ostrinia furnacalis Geunee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Pada Beberapa Varietas Jagung Komposit
Authors: Subiadi Subiadi , Sipi Surianto
Published: March 2019

Penggerek batang jagung merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman jagung termasuk di Kabupaten Manokwari. Penggerek batang jagung dapat menyerang semua bagian tanaman seperti daun, batang, bunga jantan, bunga betina, dan tongkol. Pengkajian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Juni tahun 2017 di Kebun Percobaan BPTP Papua Barat di Anday Kabupaten Manokwari. Percobaan dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan varietas yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melihat tingkat serangan larva penggerek batang jagung O. furnacalis pada beberapa jagung komposit untuk mendapatkan 1 atau lebih varietas jagung yang bersifat nonpreference terhadap larva O. furnacalis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan semua varietas jagung yang ditanam terserang oleh larva penggerek batang jagung dengan tingkat serangan tertinggi pada varietas Sukmaraga dan Srikandi Kuning sebesar 25% dan terendah pada varietas Srikandi Putih sebesar 12,5% dan lebih bersifat nonpreference terhadap penggerek batang jagung dibandingkan dengan ketiga varietas lainnya. Lubang gerekan pada varietas Sukmaraga mulai ditemukan pada umur fase vegetatif sebesar 4,8%, sedangkan lubang gerekan pada varietas Srikandi Kuning, Srikandi Putih, dan Pulut Uri 100% terjadi pada fase generatif
Spectres de réflexion infrarouge de minéraux monocristallins ou en poudre. II
Authors: Brunel René , Vierne Raymond
Published: March 2019

Twenty-six single-crystal mineral reflection spectra have been recorded ; they show residual rays in 3-20 micro meters spectral range. The interpretation of these spectra gives information about the distortion of some atomic groups and permits new residual ray identification.
Dosage des oligo-éléments dans les eaux par spectrographie d'émission à l'arc continu sur résidu sec
Authors: Chestérikoff André
Published: March 2019

La méthode proposée est valable pour tous les types d'eau, à condition de se ramener aux proportions suivantes par addition de NaCl, SiO₂ ou CaCO₃, dans le résidu sec : 10 % < NaCl + Na₂CO₃ < 25 %, 10 % < SiO₂ < 25 % et XSO₄ < 40 %. La méthode permet de doser sur le même spectre 19 éléments : Al, Ag, Ba, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Ge, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Sr, Ti, V, Zn et Zr.

Dans le résidu sec, les limites inférieures dosables exprimées en p. p. m., sont les suivantes : Ag : 0,2-Be, Cu et Ni : 0,4-Ba : 1-Mn : 1,5-Cr : 2-Ga : 2,5-Co : 3-Ge : 3,5-V : 4,5-Pb : 5-Sr : 6-Mo : 7-Sn et Al : 8-Ti : 12-Zn : 15-Zr : 20.

A titre d'application et de vérification de la méthode, ces oligo-éléments ont été dosés dans quatre eaux de composition chimique différente, et les résultats contrôlés par la méthode d'addition.
Étude diffractométrique de l'évolution thermique du sulfate de rubidium de la température ordinaire jusqu'à 800° C
Authors: Tabrizi Djafar , Pannetier Guy
Published: March 2019

The variation of the lattice parameters of rubidium sulfate was studied up to 800° C. The caracteristics of the change from orthorhombic to hexagonal symmetry were also studied.

The a parameter increases more than b, and c more than b.

The discontinuities observed for the thermal coefficients for the parameters and the volume show the possible existence of two new low energy transitions at circa 375° C and 575° C and of a new very low energy transition at circa 275° C, besides the polymorphic transition (β ⇆ α) orthorhombic ⇆ hexagonal.
Synthèse sèche d'une smectite fluorée saturée au sodium
Authors: Bordeaux-Juglaret Denise , Roby C.
Published: March 2019

The conditions of formation and the structural formula of a smectite fluoride (tetrasilicic, trioctahedral fluorosilicate of type 2/1 which undergoes inter-layer hydratation) have been specified. The fluorine, in the synthetic smectite, replaces the hydroxyl group in the corresponding natural mineral.

The smectite was synthesized as the major phase using several starting compositions : a single phase product has not been obtained by synthesis. There are two conditions necessary for the synthesis of a phase with swelling properties : a neutral or reducing environment for the melt and rapid cooling.

X-ray diffraction, chemical studies and infra-red spectroscopy permit the characterisation of the phase. The formula is

Na⁺₁,₈₀ (Mg²⁺₅,₁ Si⁴⁺₈ O²⁻₂₀ F⁻₄)

and measurements of the exchange capacity give the structural formula :

Na⁺₁,₁₀[xii] [(Mg⁺₅,₁ Na⁺₀,₇₀ ⃞₀,₂₀)[vi] (Si⁴⁺₈)[iv] O²⁻₂₀ F⁻₄].

This formula corresponds both to a « fluor-hectorite » and to a « fluorostevensite » by analogy with the natural minerals.
La diffusion de la céramique chypriote d’époque géométrique en Méditerranée orientale
Authors: Georgiadou Anna
Published: March 2019

This paper offers an overview on the distribution of Early Iron Age Cypriot ceramic exports both in the Levant and in the Aegean. The typological and stylistic analysis of the corpus of Cypriot ceramics sheds light on the involvement of different production centres into theses exchanges. On the basis of the recognisable Cypriot centres and the repertoire of their exports, this study discloses the diverse but also common distribution networks between the Levant and the Aegean during the Early Iron Age.
Kypriaka in der Siderospilia-Nekropole von Prinias, Mittelkreta
Authors: Matthäus Hartmut
Published: March 2019

Grâce à la généreuse invitation de D. Palermo et de ses collaborateurs (Mission italienne de Prinias), G. Schumacher-Matthäus et H. Matthäus ont étudié le riche matériel métallique déposé dans plus de 600 tombes du début de l’Âge du Fer fouillées dans la nécropole de Siderospilia, au nord de la Patela de Prinias. Les tombes les plus anciennes (du Subminoen au Protogéométrique B) contenaient de nombreux objets en métal : armes, outils et ustensiles, ornements de vêtements et vases de bronze ; ces derniers, qui ont été souvent brûlés dans les pyrés, sont malheureusement fragmentaires et en partie fondus. Il appert néanmoins que beaucoup d’entre eux sont des importations du Levant, d’Égypte et de Chypre. Cet article s’intéressera au corpus, étonnamment riche, des importations chypriotes et de leurs imitations locales. La plupart entrent dans des séries chypro-géométriques bien connues : bols à anses en 8 et à fleur de lotus, mais aussi, plus rares, bols et bassins similaires à anses non décorées. Une cruche à bec du Bronze Récent (comme celles d’Enkomi) représente un objet exceptionnel, sans doute transmis sur plusieurs générations puisqu’on l’a retrouvé dans un contexte daté du début de l’Âge du Fer. Des bols à godrons, des anses en bobine de bols ou de chaudrons, quelques chaudrons carénés sont de facture chypriote ou levantine. En outre, on possède d’excellents exemples de trépieds crétois à baguettes, qui renvoient à des prototypes chypriotes. L’ensemble accroît considérablement notre connaissance des relations culturelles entre Chypre et la Crète pendant la fin du IIe et le début du Ier millénaire av. J.-C.
Trafics orientaux en Méditerranée occidentale. Quelques remarques sur la diffusion des styles céramiques dans le répertoire des cités grecques de Sicile orientale
Authors: Barbarin Lou de , Sourisseau Jean-Christophe
Published: March 2019

Megara Hyblaea, one of the oldest Greek colonies of Sicily, has played a central role in scholarly debates on “ Greek colonization”, Greek Archaic pottery and local productions. Until the 1960’ s, many articles were devoted to the discovery of Archaic pottery of local production in Megara. Recently, scholars from the French School at Rome and the Centre Camille Jullian have undertaken the re-examination of a great quantity of local material of Archaic date, which was recovered during old excavations and which had remained for the main part unpublished. New issues were addressed through this reappraisal : are there any stylistic and technical links in the fabrics and decorations of the pottery between the metropolis and the apoikia ? If so, does this “ stylistic identity” match the classical tradition that distinguishes Greek settlers into ethnic groups (Euboean, Corinthian, Megarian and Cretan) ? The new results give a less clear-cut picture of the cultural components of a Greek establishment in Sicily, as the local pottery made in Megara in the 8th and 7th centuries B. C. does not refer to a single source but rather demonstrates a melting pot of influences, from Megara, Attica, Corinth, Euboea and Crete. Some of the observations and questions raised by this study are presented in this article.
Modelli attici e atticismi nella coroplastica siceliota di età classica: problemi di stile, cronologia e società
Authors: Pisani Marcella
Published: March 2019

Dans le cadre d’une étude des influences en Méditerranée, cet article s’intéresse à une petite partie des échanges qui touchent la Sicile entre les dernières décennies du Ve et la première moitié du IVe s. av. J.-C. Il s’agit d’examiner un aspect particulier de la production de terres cuites : l’influence que l’art attique contemporain exerçait sur les ateliers de coroplathes. L’analyse, qui est menée sur certains des types les plus communs de la période, part de l’identification des modèles attiques, puis étudie leur chronologie, leur présence en Sicile sur des objets réalisés en divers matériaux, avant d’envisager le degré de réélaboration auquel ils sont soumis dans différents centres sicéliotes.
Un peson inscrit en alphabet grec trouvé à Agde (Hérault)
Authors: Pardies Céline , Ugolini Daniela , Dana Madalina
Published: March 2019

Un peson de tisserand de forme circulaire, découvert à Agde (Hérault) et datant vraisemblablement de la basse époque hellénistique, porte une inscription grecque qui livre un nom celte de femme, Bitouna, attesté pour la cinquième fois dans le Midi gaulois. Cette marque de propriété est un document révélateur de l’usage de l’écriture grecque par les indigènes.
NUMERICAL METHODS FOR SINGULARLY PERTURBED ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS CONTAINING TWO PERTURBATION PARAMETERS
Authors: O'Riordan E. , Pickett M. L. , Shishkin G. I.
Published: March 2019

A priori parameter explicit bounds on the derivatives of the solution of a two parameter singularly perturbed elliptic problem in two space dimensions are presented. These bounds are used to establish parameter uniform error bounds for a numerical method consisting of upwinding on a tensor product of two piecewise uniform meshes.
Retired A Stars and Their Companions. VIII. 15 New Planetary Signals around Subgiants and Transit Parameters for California Planet Search Planets with Subgiant Hosts
Authors: Luhn Jacob K. , Bastien Fabienne A. , Wright Jason T. , Johnson John A. , Howard Andrew W. , Isaacson Howard
Published: March 2019

We present the discovery of seven new planets and eight planet candidates around subgiant stars, as additions to the known sample of planets around “retired A stars.” Among these are the possible first three-planet systems around subgiant stars, HD 163607 and HD 4917. Additionally, we present calculations of possible transit times, durations, depths, and probabilities for all known planets around subgiant (

) stars, focused on possible transits during the TESS mission. While most have transit probabilities of 1%–2%, we find that there are three planets with transit probabilities >9%.
The Blueshift of the C iv Broad Emission Line in QSOs
Authors: Ge Xue , Zhao Bi-Xuan , Bian Wei-Hao , Frederick Green Richard
Published: March 2019

For the sample from Ge et al. of 87 low-z Palomar–Green quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and 130 high-z QSOs (0 < z < 5) with

-based single-epoch supermassive black hole masses, we perform a uniform decomposition of the C iv
λ1549 broad-line profile. Based on the rest frame defined by the [O iii] λ5007 narrow emission line, a medium-strong positive correlation is found between the C iv blueshift and the luminosity at 5100 Å or the Eddington ratio

. A medium-strong negative relationship is found between the C iv blueshift and C iv equivalent width. These results support the postulation where the radiation pressure may be the driver of C iv blueshift. There is a medium-strong correlation between the mass ratio of C iv-based to

-based

and the C iv blueshift, which indicates that the bias for C iv-based

is affected by the C iv profile.
OH as an Alternate Tracer for Molecular Gas: Quantity and Structure of Molecular Gas in W5
Authors: Engelke Philip D. , Allen Ronald J.
Published: March 2019

We report column densities of molecular gas in the W5 star-forming region as traced with OH 18 cm emission in a grid survey using the Green Bank Telescope. OH appears to trace a greater column density than does CO in 8 out of 15 cases containing OH emission detections; the two molecules trace the same column densities for the other 7 cases. OH and CO trace a similar morphology of molecular gas with a nearly one-to-one correspondence. The mass of molecular gas traced by OH in the portion of the survey containing OH emission is 1.7 (+0.6 or −0.2) × 104
M
⊙, whereas the corresponding CO detections trace 9.9 (±0.7) × 103
M
⊙. We find that for lines observed in absorption, calculations assuming uniform gas and continuum distributions underestimate column density values by one to two orders of magnitude, making them unreliable for our purposes. Modeling of this behavior in terms of OH cloud structure on a scale smaller than telescopic resolution leads us to estimate that the filling factor of OH gas is a few to 10 percent. The total molecular gas content of W5 may be approximately two to three times what we report from direct measurement, because we excluded absorption line detections from the mass estimate.
Environmental Effect on the Interstellar Medium in Galaxies across the Cosmic Web at z = 0.73
Authors: Betti S. K. , Pope Alexandra , Scoville N. , Yun Min S. , Aussel H. , Kartaltepe J. , Sheth K.
Published: March 2019

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) dust continuum observations of 101

galaxies in the COSMOS field to study the effect of the environment on the interstellar medium at z ∼ 0.7. At this redshift, our targets span a wide range of environments allowing for a diverse sample of galaxies with densities of Σ = 0.16–10.5 Mpc−2 (per Δz = 0.024). Using the ALMA observations, we calculate the total interstellar medium (ISM) mass (M
ISM) and look for depletion as a function of galaxy density in order to understand the quenching or triggering of star formation in galaxies in different environments. M
ISM is found to have a small dependence on the environment, while the depletion timescale remains constant (∼200 Myr) across all environments. We find elevated M
ISM values at intermediate densities and lower values at high densities compared to low (field) densities. Our observed evolution in gas fraction with density in this single redshift slice is equivalent to the observed evolution with cosmic time over 2–3 Gyr. To explain the change in the gas mass fraction seen in galaxies in intermediate and high densities, these results suggest environmental processes such as mergers and ram pressure stripping are likely playing a role in dense filamentary cluster environments.
Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Dhurandher Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Bhoopendra
Published: March 2019

The radio spectrum is witnessing a major paradigm shift from fixed spectrum assignment policy to the dynamic spectrum access, which will completely change the way radio spectrum is managed. This step is required to greatly reduce the load on limited spectrum resources, which is being enforced by the exponential growth of wireless services. This is only feasible due to the capabilities of the cognitive radio, which will provide a new paradigm in wireless communication by exploiting the existing unused spectrum bands opportunistically. The chapter provides insight into recent developments in the area of cognitive radio networks with the main focus on review of the spectrum management, which consists of four main challenges: sensing of selected spectrum band, decision about sensed spectrum, sharing of spectrum among many users, and spectrum handoff. Further, sharing of target channel after a channel handoff is analyzed using game theory to get a different perspective on the existing medium access techniques.
Shaping the Future of Telecollaboration
Authors: Andujar Alberto
Published: March 2019

This chapter analyzes the present situation of telecollaboration processes in synchronous online learning environments. The Web RTC protocol is presented as a new tool for online videoconferencing and telecollaboration that may potentially change the already in use applications for such purposes. In this vein, its characteristics such as P2P connectivity, open source protocol, no plugins installation, scalability, and accessibility guarantee that this technological development will help enhance the learning process at different levels. Higher institutions and practitioners will particularly benefit from the use of this technology as its use will increase cross-cultural knowledge as well as expand students' opportunities for out-of-class tuition.
The Role of Video and Text Chat in a Virtual Classroom
Authors: Berry Sharla
Published: March 2019

Virtual classrooms allow users in a closed network to communicate through talk, text, and video. While virtual classrooms enable synchronous online learning, little is known about how specific components of web-conferencing technology impact students' experiences. In this case study, the researcher interviewed 20 students in an online doctoral program and analyzed over 50 hours of footage from six online classes. Findings indicate that the video and text chat features of the virtual classroom provided opportunities for constant interaction and increased students' engagement and sense of community.
Technology Tools for Teaching and Learning in Real Time
Authors: Alqurashi Emtinan
Published: March 2019

Digital technologies provide learners with the opportunity to be actively involved and engaged in the online learning experience. However, with the rapid growth of technology, it can be challenging for instructors to keep up with the changes and assess the effectiveness of new technologies within online learning environments. In order to successfully integrate technology, two theoretical frameworks are commonly used to evaluate instructional technology effectiveness: the SAMR and TPACK models. Although there are many studies that discuss theoretical frameworks for technology integration, there is still a need to discuss the practical use of technology tools in the live online classroom in higher education. This chapter provides instructors with a practical guide for evaluating and implementing synchronous tools to enhance the student experience and learning. It focuses on four components: virtual classrooms, individual activities, real-time assessments, and group work.
UV-Based Indoor Disinfecting System
Authors: Yuferev Leonid , Sokolov Alexander , Mironyuk Sergey Stepanovich
Published: March 2019

When contagious diseases occur, there is a tangible threat of rampant spread of infection, incurring huge economic losses in animal deaths and decreased animal productivity. Thus, preventing pathogenic flora concentration in rooms where birds and animals are raised from exceeding permissible levels ranks first among veterinarian and sanitary concerns. When birds are kept on the floor during feeding, germ and dust concentration increases nine to ten times against normal. Ample research shows that ultraviolet (UV) radiation possessing a bactericidal effect is the most promising and environmentally friendly method of cleansing the air from harmful germs.
Monitoring the Condition of Mineral Nutrition of Crops Using UAV for Rational Use of Fertilizers
Authors: Komarchuk Dmytro Sergiyovich , Lysenko Vitalii Pylypovych , Opryshko Oleksii Oleksandrovych , Pasichnyk Nataliia Anatoliivna
Published: March 2019

The reviewed problem deals with the metrological support of sensory equipment using cameras with standard and infrared lenses. The elaborated method to use UAVs for remote shooting of agricultural crops and obtaining images is to be used to determine the level of nitrogen provision for grain crops has been developed. For radiofrequency correction of lighting changes while mineral nutrition state monitoring, it is recommended to use a method with the application of official data to be calculated on the basis of camera's regular camera exposure meter measurements. It is advisable to use an infrared lens for monitoring the state of individual crops using digital non-specialized cameras instead of optical one. Exampling GoPro Hero 4 digital camera, it has been found that there are three channels to use IR lens which have the characteristics of fixing radiation either in the infrared range or in the red area of the optical range.
Research of Green Vegetable Cultivation Technology Under Photoculture Conditions in Irradiation Chamber
Authors: Yudaev Igor Viktorovich , Charova Diana , Feklistov Andrey , Mashkov Sergey , Kryuchin Pavel , Vasilyev Sergey , Morgunov Denis , Daus Yuliia , Armenyanov Nikola
Published: March 2019

The object of the research in the chapter is green vegetable crops grown in a manmade environment. The purpose of the presented research is to study the process of growing plants in a man-made environment, the main influencing factor of which is the man-made sources (LEDs) emission, as well as to design and construct the installation (irradiation chamber) for implementation of the studied technology. The chapter presents the results of experiments conducted by a team of researchers, which allowed to determine the technological process indicators of growing green vegetable crops in a man-made environment, and also to develop designs for small-sized irradiation chambers with automatic control, both for laboratory research and for small business and private use. Studies were conducted in different regions of the country and combined the efforts of several scientific groups of researchers. The chapter presents the results of researching these areas conducted by the authors, which are completely original.
Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics in Support of Cyber Defense
Authors: Leenen Louise , Meyer Thomas
Published: March 2019

Cybersecurity analysts rely on vast volumes of security event data to predict, identify, characterize, and deal with security threats. These analysts must understand and make sense of these huge datasets in order to discover patterns which lead to intelligent decision making and advance warnings of possible threats, and this ability requires automation. Big data analytics and artificial intelligence can improve cyber defense. Big data analytics methods are applied to large data sets that contain different data types. The purpose is to detect patterns, correlations, trends, and other useful information. Artificial intelligence provides algorithms that can reason or learn and improve their behavior, and includes semantic technologies. A large number of automated systems are currently based on syntactic rules which are generally not sophisticated enough to deal with the level of complexity in this domain. An overview of artificial intelligence and big data technologies in cyber defense is provided, and important areas for future research are identified and discussed.