bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safe Ship Control Method with the Use of Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Lazarowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2013

Nowadays Integrated Bridge Systems are applied on board a ship to increase safety of navigation. These systems consist of many electronic devices such as radar, ECDIS and autopilot, which aid the deck officer in the process of conducting navigation. Despite that, ship accidents caused by human error still occur. The paper presents new method of safe ship control in collision situations. Ant Colony Optimization is applied to determine safe ship trajectory. Developed algorithm is applicable for situations in restricted waters, where most of collision situations occur. International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) are taken into consideration in the process of solution construction. The task of collision avoidance at sea is defined as dynamic optimization problem with the use of static and dynamic constraints. Static constraints are represented by lands, canals, shallows, fairways, while other ships constitute dynamic constraints. Described method was implemented in MATLAB programming language. Performed simulation tests results of encounter situations with one target ship as well as with many target vessels are presented. Received solutions confirm successful application of this method to the problem of ships collisions avoidance. Developed algorithm deals also with more complex situations. This new algorithm is planned to be implemented in anti-collision decision support system on board a ship, what would contribute to enhance safety of maritime transport.
Low-Cost MEMS Accelerometers for Short Duration Micro ROV Distance Measurement
Authors: Żak Bogdan , Hożyń Stanisław
Published: October 2013

In this paper the attempt to make an analysis of short duration Micro ROV distance measurement using low-cost MEMS accelerometers was presented. The main emphasis was placed on the gravity compensation and state estimation with Kalman filter method. The MEMS accelerometers error characteristics and the process model for measuring displacement of Micro ROV using accelerometers were presented. Finally, the examples of the verification results were performed.
Active Impedance Matching
Authors: Jagodzińska Katarzyna , Dziura Stanisław , Walkowiak Maciej
Published: October 2013

Electrically small antenna suffer from the high Q impedance such as narrow bandwidth and poor gain. To improve them, passive impedance matching is often used but it is restricted to a Bode-Fano limit. To skip it, active matching incorporating non-Foster circuits can provide a good solution. Using non-Foster theory, in this paper an active reactance circuit (ARC) design is proposed for application to electrically small antenna prototypes.
Thrust Allocation in Propulsion System of Underwater Robotic Vehicle via Linear Programming
Authors: Garus Jerzy
Published: October 2013

This paper focuses on a problem of power distribution in a multi-thrusters propulsion system of an underwater robot. The presented thrust allocation methods are directed towards minimization of energy expenditures necessary to obtain required control. A power/thrust relation is mapped by a linear function. Such approach allows using linear programming (LP) techniques to finding an optimal thrust allocation for demanded propulsive forces and moments. The LP models of thrust distribution are regarded for unconstrained and constrained allocation control.
Diagnosing of Rolling Bearings Working under Conditions of Actual Operation
Authors: Stanik Zbigniew
Published: October 2013

An increasing number of bearings in the components and units of the mechanical systems for motor vehicles is one of the many effects of the rapid growth of their technical and design advancement. Due to the nature of their responsibility, it's necessary to diagnose. The article describes the currently used methods of diagnosis workshop practice of bearings and presents own proposals based on vibroacoustic diagnostic methods.
p33 (gC1q Receptor) Prevents Cell Damage by Blocking the Cytolytic Activity of Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Westman Johannes , Hansen Finja C. , Olin Anders I. , Mörgelin Matthias , Schmidtchen Artur , Herwald Heiko
Published: October 2013

The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading microbes. Its specificity relies a great deal on host pattern recognition molecules that sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns of the invading pathogen. However, full protection is not always guaranteed, and some early defense mechanisms involved in bacterial killing, such as the complement system, can also exert cytolytic activity against host cells. Although these cascades are tightly regulated, the host has to take additional precautions to prevent its cell destruction. In this study, we describe that p33, a negatively charged surface protein found on endothelial cells also known as gC1q receptor, protects host cells from a cytolytic attack by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), such as LL37 and β-defensin 3. To this end, we characterized the interaction of p33 with AMPs by biochemical and functional means. Our data show that p33 forms a doughnut-shaped trimer that can bind up to three AMPs, and we identified a segment in p33 forming a β-sheet that mediates the binding to all AMPs. Moreover, our results show that p33 abolishes the lytic activity of AMPs at an equimolar ratio, and it protects endothelial cells and erythrocytes from AMP-induced lysis. Taken together, our data suggest a novel protective mechanism of p33 in modulating innate immune response by neutralizing cytotoxic AMPs at the host cell surface.
The Ethiopian eunuch in transit: A migrant theoretical perspective
Authors: Dube Zorodzai
Published: October 2013

Biblical scholars tend to see the Ethiopian eunuch and court official through the eyes of Philip the evangelist, which is also what the author of the text wants us to do. However, the narrative about the Ethiopian court official is also a story about the experiences of an ancient traveller, and as such, the story invokes the tales of contemporary migrants. In this study, I explore how the story about a sojourning court official intersects with contemporary immigration and identity issues. My study demonstrates how the travelling court official can be used as a figure to think with and how his story mirrors challenges faced by migrant workers today.
Article Commentary: Psychiatric Issues in Palliative Care: Assessing Mental Capacity
Authors: Udo Itoro , Mohammed Zeid , Gash Amanda
Published: October 2013

Issues surrounding capacity to consent to or refuse treatment are increasingly receiving clinical and legal attention. Through the use of 3 case vignettes that involve different aspects of mental health care in palliative care settings, mental capacity issues are discussed. The vignettes tackle capacity in a patient with newly developed mental illness consequent to physical illness, capacity in a patient with mental illness but without delirium and capacity in a patient with known impairment of the mind. These discussions give credence to best practice position where physicians act in the best interests of their patients at all times. It is important to emphasize that capacity decisions have to be made on a case by case basis, within the remit of legal protection. This is a fundamental requirement of the Mental Capacity Act 2005, England & Wales (MCA). The later is used as the legal basis for these discussions. The psychiatric liaison service is a useful resource to provide consultation, advice and or joint assessment to clinicians encountering complex dilemmas involving decision-making capacity.
Filamentary structure in chemical tracer distributions near the subtropical jet following a wave breaking event
Authors: Ungermann J. , Pan L. L. , Kalicinsky C. , Olschewski F. , Knieling P. , Blank J. , Weigel K. , Guggenmoser T. , Stroh F. , Hoffmann L. , Riese M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. This paper presents a set of observations and analyses of trace gas cross sections in the extratropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS). The spatially highly resolved (≈0.5 km vertically and 12.5 km horizontally) cross sections of ozone (O3), nitric acid (HNO3), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), retrieved from the measurements of the CRISTA-NF infrared limb sounder flown on the Russian M55-Geophysica, revealed intricate layer structures in the region of the subtropical tropopause break. The chemical structure in this region shows an intertwined stratosphere and troposphere. The observed filaments in all discussed trace gases are of a spatial scale of less than 0.8 km vertically and about 200 km horizontally across the jet stream. Backward trajectory calculations confirm that the observed filaments are the result of a breaking Rossby wave in the preceding days. An analysis of the trace gas relationships between PAN and O3 identifies four distinct groups of air mass: polluted subtropical tropospheric air, clean tropical upper-tropospheric air, the lowermost stratospheric air, and air from the deep stratosphere. The tracer relationships further allow the identification of tropospheric, stratospheric, and the transitional air mass made of a mixture of UT and LS air. Mapping of these air mass types onto the geo-spatial location in the cross sections reveals a highly structured extratropical transition layer (ExTL). Finally, the ratio between the measured reactive nitrogen species (HNO3 + PAN + ClONO2) and O3 is analysed to estimate the influence of tropospheric pollution on the extratropical UTLS. In combination, these diagnostics provide the first example of a multi-species two-dimensional picture of the inhomogeneous distribution of chemical species within the UTLS region. Since Rossby wave breaking occurs frequently in the region of the tropopause break, these observed fine-scale filaments are likely ubiquitous in the region. The implications of the layered structure for chemistry and radiation need to be examined, and the representation of this structure in chemistry-climate models is discussed.
On the attribution of black and brown carbon light absorption using the Ångström exponent
Authors: Lack D. A. , Langridge J. M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) of externally mixed black carbon (BCExt), or BC internally mixed with non-absorbing material (BCInt), is often used to determine the contribution of brown carbon (BrC) light absorption at short visible wavelengths. This attribution method contains assumptions with uncertainties that have not been formally assessed. We show that the potential range of AAE for BCExt (or BCInt) in the atmosphere can reasonably lead to +7% to −22% uncertainty in BCExt (or BCInt) absorption at short wavelengths derived from measurements made at longer wavelengths, where BrC is assumed not to absorb light. These uncertainties propagate to errors in the attributed absorption of BrC. For uncertainty in attributed BrC absorption to be ≤ ± 33%, 23% to 41% of total absorption must be sourced from BrC. These uncertainties would be larger if absorption by dust were also to be considered due to additional AAE assumptions. For data collected during a biomass-burning event, the mean difference between measured and AAE attributed BrC absorption was found to be 34% – an additional uncertainty in addition to the theoretical uncertainties presented. In light of the potential for introducing significant and poorly constrained errors, we caution against the universal application of the AAE method for attributing BrC absorption.
Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather: a case of mixed biomass burning with fossil fuel combustion pollution in eastern China
Authors: Ding A. J. , Fu C. B. , Yang X. Q. , Sun J. N. , Petäjä T. , Kerminen V.-M. , Wang T. , Xie Y. , Herrmann E. , Zheng L. F. , Nie W. , Liu Q. , Wei X. L. , Kulmala M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. The influence of air pollutants, especially aerosols, on regional and global climate has been widely investigated, but only a very limited number of studies report their impacts on everyday weather. In this work, we present for the first time direct (observational) evidence of a clear effect of how a mixed atmospheric pollution changes the weather with a substantial modification in the air temperature and rainfall. By using comprehensive measurements in Nanjing, China, we found that mixed agricultural burning plumes with fossil fuel combustion pollution resulted in a decrease in the solar radiation intensity by more than 70%, a decrease in the sensible heat by more than 85%, a temperature drop by almost 10 K, and a change in rainfall during both daytime and nighttime. Our results show clear air pollution–weather interactions, and quantify how air pollution affects weather via air pollution–boundary layer dynamics and aerosol–radiation–cloud feedbacks. This study highlights cross-disciplinary needs to investigate the environmental, weather and climate impacts of the mixed biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion sources in East China.
Response of acid mobilization of iron-containing mineral dust to improvement of air quality projected in the future
Authors: Ito A. , Xu L.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Acidification of dust aerosols may increase aerosol iron (Fe) solubility, which is linked to mineral properties. Combustion aerosols can also elevate aerosol iron solubility when aerosol loading is low. Here, we use an atmospheric chemical transport model to investigate the deposition of filterable iron and its response to changes in anthropogenic emissions of both combustion aerosols and precursor gases. By introducing three classes of iron-containing minerals into the detailed aerosol chemistry model, we provide a theoretical examination of the effects of different dissolution behaviors on the acid mobilization of iron. Comparisons of modeled Fe dissolution curves with the measured dissolution rates for African (Tibesti) and Asian (Beijing) dust samples show overall good agreement under acidic conditions. The improved treatment of Fe in mineral dust and its dissolution scheme results in reasonable predictive capability for iron solubility over the oceans in the Northern Hemisphere. Our model results suggest that the improvement of air quality projected in the future will lead to a decrease of the filterable iron deposition from iron-containing mineral dust to the northeastern Pacific due to less acidification in Asian dust, which is mainly associated with the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. These results could have important implications for iron fertilization of phytoplankton growth, and highlight the necessity of improving the process-based quantitative understanding of the response of the chemical modification in iron-containing minerals to environmental changes.
Emissions of organic carbon and methane from petroleum and dairy operations in California's San Joaquin Valley
Authors: Gentner D. R. , Ford T. B. , Guha A. , Boulanger K. , Brioude J. , Angevine W. M. , de Gouw J. A. , Warneke C. , Gilman J. B. , Ryerson T. B. , Peischl J. , Meinardi S. , Blake D. R. , Atlas E. , Lonneman W. A. , Kleindienst T. E. , Beaver M. R. , Clair J. M. St. , Wennberg P. O. , VandenBoer T. C. , Markovic M. Z. , Murphy J. G. , Harley R. A. , Goldstein A. H.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Petroleum and dairy operations are prominent sources of gas-phase organic compounds in California's San Joaquin Valley. Ground site measurements in Bakersfield and aircraft measurements of reactive gas-phase organic compounds were made in this region as part of the CalNex (California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) project to determine the sources contributing to regional gas-phase organic carbon emissions. Using a combination of near-source and downwind data, we assess the composition and magnitude of emissions from these prominent sources that are relatively understudied compared to motor vehicles We also developed a statistical modeling method with the FLEXPART-WRF transport and meteorological model using ground-based data to assess the spatial distribution of emissions in the San Joaquin Valley. We present evidence for large sources of paraffinic hydrocarbons from petroleum extraction/processing operations and oxygenated compounds from dairy (and other cattle) operations. In addition to the small straight-chain alkanes typically associated with petroleum operations, we observed a wide range of branched and cyclic alkanes that have limited previous in situ measurements or characterization in emissions from petroleum operations. Observed dairy emissions were dominated by ethanol, methanol, and acetic acid, and methane. Dairy operations were responsible for the vast majority of methane emissions in the San Joaquin Valley; observations of methane were well-correlated with non-vehicular ethanol, and multiple assessments of the spatial distribution of emissions in the San Joaquin Valley highlight the dominance of dairy operations for methane emissions. The good agreement of the observed petroleum operations source profile with the measured composition of non-methane hydrocarbons in unrefined natural gas associated with crude oil suggests a fugitive emissions pathway during petroleum extraction, storage, or processing with negligible coincident methane emissions Aircraft observations of emission hotspots from operations at oil wells and dairies are consistent with the statistical source footprint determined via transport modeling and ground-based data. At Bakersfield, petroleum and dairy operations each comprised 22–23% of anthropogenic non-methane organic carbon and were each responsible for ~12% of potential precursors to ozone, but their direct impacts as potential SOA precursors were estimated to be minor. A comparison with the California Air Resources Board emission inventory supports the current relative emission rates of reactive organic gases from these sources in the region.
Comparison of tropospheric NO2 vertical columns in an urban environment using satellite, multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy, and in situ measurements
Authors: Mendolia D. , D'Souza R. J. C. , Evans G. J. , Brook J.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities have been retrieved and compared for the first time in Toronto, Canada, using three methods of differing spatial scales. Remotely sensed NO2 vertical column densities, retrieved from multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy and satellite remote sensing, were evaluated by comparison with in situ vertical column densities estimated using a pair of chemiluminescence monitors situated 0.01 and 0.5 km a.g.l. (above ground level). The chemiluminescence measurements were corrected for the influence of NOz, which reduced the NO2 concentrations at 0.01 and 0.5 km by an average of 8 ± 1% and 12 ± 1%, respectively. The average absolute decrease in the chemiluminescence NO2 measurement as a result of this correction was less than 1 ppb. The monthly averaged ratio of the NO2 concentration at 0.5 to 0.01 km varied seasonally, and exhibited a negative linear dependence on the monthly average temperature, with Pearson's R = 0.83. During the coldest month, February, this ratio was 0.52 ± 0.04, while during the warmest month, July, this ratio was 0.34 ± 0.04, illustrating that NO2 is not well mixed within 0.5 km above ground level. Good correlation was observed between the remotely sensed and in situ NO2 vertical column densities (Pearson's R value ranging from 0.72 to 0.81), but the in situ vertical column densities were 52 to 58% greater than the remotely sensed columns. These results indicate that NO2 horizontal heterogeneity strongly impacted the magnitude of the remotely sensed columns. The in situ columns reflected an urban environment with major traffic sources, while the remotely sensed NO2 vertical column densities were representative of the region, which included spatial heterogeneity introduced by residential neighbourhoods and Lake Ontario. Despite the difference in absolute values, the reasonable correlation between the vertical column densities determined by three distinct methods increased confidence in the validity of the values provided by each measurement technique.
Equatorial 150 km echoes and daytime F region vertical plasma drifts in the Brazilian longitude sector
Authors: Rodrigues F. S. , Shume E. B. , de Paula E. R. , Milla M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Previous studies showed that conventional coherent backscatter radar measurements of the Doppler velocity of the so-called 150 km echoes can provide an alternative way of estimating ionospheric vertical plasma drifts during daytime hours (Kudeki and Fawcett, 1993; Chau and Woodman, 2004). Using observations made by a small, low-power 30 MHz coherent backscatter radar located in the equatorial site of São Luís (2.59° S, 44.21° W; −2.35° dip lat), we were able to detect and monitor the occurrence of 150 km echoes in the Brazilian sector. Using these measurements we estimated the local time variation of daytime vertical ionospheric drifts in the eastern American sector. Here, we present a few interesting cases of 150 km-echoes observations made by the São Luís radar and estimates of the diurnal variation of vertical drifts. These cases exemplify the variability of the vertical drifts in the Brazilian sector. Using same-day 150 km-echoes measurements made at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory in Peru, we also demonstrate the variability of the equatorial vertical drifts across the American sector. In addition to first estimates of the absolute vertical plasma drifts in the eastern American (Brazilian) sector, we also present observations of abnormal drifts detected by the São Luís radar associated with the 2009 major sudden stratospheric warming event.
A probabilistic model of chronological errors in layer-counted climate proxies: applications to annually-banded coral archives
Authors: Comboul M. , Emile-Geay J. , Evans M. N. , Mirnateghi N. , Cobb K. M. , Thompson D. M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. The ability to precisely date climate proxies is central to the reconstruction of past climate variations. To a degree, all climate proxies are affected by age uncertainties, which are seldom quantified. This article proposes a probabilistic age model for proxies based on layer-counted chronologies, and explores its use for annually-banded coral archives. The model considers both missing and doubly-counted growth increments (represented as independent processes), accommodates various assumptions about error rates, and allows to quantify the impact of chronological uncertainties on different diagnostics of variability. In one dimension, we find that time uncertainties primarily affect high-frequency signals but also significantly bias the estimate of decadal signals. We further explore tuning to an independent, tree-ring based chronology as a way to identify an optimal age model. In the multivariate case, a synthetic pseudocoral network is used as testing ground to quantify uncertainties in the estimation of spatiotemporal patterns of variability. Even for small error rates, the amplitude of multidecadal variability is systematically overestimated at the expense of interannual variability (ENSO, in this case), artificially flattening its spectrum at periods longer than 10 yr. An approach to correct chronological errors in coherent multivariate records is presented and validated in idealized cases, though it is found difficult to apply in practice due to the large size of the solution space. We end with a discussion of possible extensions of this model and connections to existing strategies for modeling age uncertainties.
Non-residential water demand model validated with extensive measurements and surveys
Authors: Pieterse-Quirijns E. J. , Blokker E. J. M. , van der Blom E. , Vreeburg J. H. G.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Existing Dutch guidelines for the design of the drinking water and hot water system of non-residential buildings are based on outdated assumptions on peak water demand or on unfounded assumptions on hot water demand. They generally overestimate peak demand values required for the design of an efficient and reliable water system. Recently, a procedure was developed based on the end-use model SIMDEUM to derive design-demand-equations for peak demand values of both cold and hot water during various time steps for several types and sizes of non-residential buildings, viz. offices, hotels and nursing homes. In this paper, the design-demand-equations are validated with measurements of cold and hot water patterns on a per second base and with surveys. The good correlation between the simulated water demand patterns and the measured patterns indicates that the basis of the design-demand-equations, the SIMDEUM simulated standardised buildings, is solid. Surveys were held to investigate whether the construction of the standardised buildings based on the dominant variable corresponds with practice. Surveys show that it is difficult to find relationships to equip the standardised buildings with users and appliances. However, the validation proves that with a proper estimation of the number of users and appliances in only the dominant functional room of the standardised buildings, SIMDEUM renders a realistic cold and hot water diurnal demand pattern. Furthermore, the new design-demand-equations based on these standardised buildings give a better prediction of the measured peak values for cold water flow than the existing guidelines. Moreover, the new design-demand-equations can predict hot water use well. In this paper it is illustrated that the new design-demand-equations lead to reliable and improved designs of building installations and water heater capacity, resulting in more hygienic and economical installations.
Evaluating the effect of partial contributing storage on the storage–discharge function from recession analysis
Authors: Chen X. , Wang D.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Hydrograph recession during dry periods has been used to construct water storage–discharge relationships and to quantify storage dynamics and evaporation when streamflow data is available. However, variable hydrologic connectivity among hillslope–riparian–stream zones may affect the lumped storage–discharge relationship, and as a result, affect the estimation of evaporation and storage change. Given observations of rainfall and runoff, and remote-sensing-based observations of evaporation, the ratio (α) between estimated daily evaporation from recession analysis and observed evaporation, and the ratio (β) between estimated contributing storage and total watershed storage are computed for 9 watersheds located in different climate regions. Both evaporation and storage change estimation from recession analysis are underestimated due to the effect of partial contributing storage, particularly when the discharge is low. It was found that the values of α decrease significantly during individual recession events, while the values of β are relatively stable during a recession event. The values of β are negatively correlated with the water table depth and vary significantly among recession events. The partial contributing storage effect is one possible cause for the multi-valued storage–discharge relationship.
A new approach to flood loss estimation and vulnerability assessment for historic buildings in England
Authors: Stephenson V. , D'Ayala D.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. The recent increase in frequency and severity of flooding in the UK has led to a shift in the perception of risk associated with flood hazards. This has extended to the conservation community, and the risks posed to historic structures that suffer from flooding are particularly concerning for those charged with preserving and maintaining such buildings. In order to fully appraise the risks in a manner appropriate to the complex issue of preservation, a new methodology is proposed that studies the nature of vulnerability of such structures, and places it in the context of risk assessment, accounting for the vulnerable object and the subsequent exposure of that object to flood hazards. The testing of the methodology is carried out using three urban case studies and the results of the survey analysis provide key findings and guidance on the development of fragility curves for historic structures exposed to flooding. This occurs through appraisal of key vulnerability indicators related to building form, structural and fabric integrity, and preservation of architectural and archaeological values. This in turn facilitates the production of strategies for mitigating and managing the losses threatened by such extreme climate events.
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance
Authors: Gallet J.-C. , Domine F. , Dumont M.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. The specific surface area (SSA) of snow can be used as an objective measurement of grain size and is therefore a central variable to describe snow physical properties such as albedo. Snow SSA can now be easily measured in the field using optical methods based on infrared reflectance. However, existing optical methods have only been validated for dry snow. Here we test the possibility to use the DUFISSS instrument, based on the measurement of the 1310 nm reflectance of snow with an integrating sphere, to measure the SSA of wet snow. We perform cold room experiments where we measure the SSA of a wet snow sample, freeze it and measure it again, to quantify the difference in reflectance between frozen and wet snow. We study snow samples in the SSA range 12–37 m2 kg−1 and in the mass liquid water content range 5–32%. We conclude that the SSA of wet snow can be obtained from the measurement of its 1310 nm reflectance using three simple steps. In most cases, the SSA thus obtained is less than 10% different from the value that would have been obtained if the sample had been considered dry, so that the three simple steps constitute a minor correction. We also run two optical models to interpret the results, but no model reproduces correctly the water-ice distribution in wet snow, so that their predictions of wet snow reflectance are imperfect.
Online Job Tutorials @ the Public Library: Best Practices from Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh's Job & Career Education Center
Authors: Hebert Rhea M. , Roberts Wesley
Published: October 2013

This article describes the Job & Career Education Center (JCEC) tutorial project completed in September of 2012. The article also addresses the website redesign implemented to highlight the tutorials and improve user engagement with JCEC online resources. Grant monies made it possible for a Digital Outreach Librarian to create a series of tutorials with the purpose of providing job-related assistance beyond the JCEC in the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh—Main location. Benchmarking, planning, implementation, and assessment are addressed. A set of best practices for all libraries (public, academic, school, special) are presented. Best practices are applicable to tutorials created with software other than Camtasia, the software used by the JCEC project.
David Nolfi Receives NAHRS Award for Professional Excellence
Authors: Sasso Maureen Diana
Published: October 2013

News AnnouncementDavid A. Nolfi, MLS, AHIP, Health Sciences Librarian & Library Assessment Coordinator at Duquesne University’s Gumberg Library, received the 2013 NAHRS Award for Professional Excellence at the One Health Conference in Boston, MA.
Two Pennsylvania Librarians Selected for American Library Association Leadership Institute
Authors: Neyer Linda
Published: October 2013

Two Pennsylvania librarians, Allison Mackley, Teacher-Librarian at Hershey High School, and Aaron Dobbs, Systems & Electronic Resources Librarian at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania, were two of only forty librarians selected nationwide to participate in “Leading to the Future” (http://www.ala.org/transforminglibraries/ala-leadership-institute), a new four-day immersive leadership development program for future library leaders offered from August 12 to 15, 2013 in Itasca, IL, by the American Library Association (ALA).
Alison Gregory Named Director of Library Services at Lycoming College
Authors: Gregory Alison S.
Published: October 2013

Alison S. Gregory has been named Lycoming College’s Associate Dean and Director of Library Services at the John G. Snowden Memorial Library, according to an announcement by Dr. Phil Sprunger, Provost and Dean of the college. She began her duties July 1, having served the college since 2005 as Assistant Professor and Instructional Services Librarian and Coordinator of Information Literacy and Outreach. She is replacing Janet McNeil Hurlbert, who retired at the conclusion of the 2012-13 academic year.
Geneva College's McCartney Library Wins Grant for Chromebooks
Authors: Breneman Kyle
Published: October 2013

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Moravian Archives Reopens after Renovations
Authors: Peucker Paul
Published: October 2013

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La institucionalización de dos prácticas de la psicología en Chile: la psicología Comunitaria y la psicología de los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Piper Isabel
Published: October 2013

Este texto reconstruye algunos aspectos de la memoria de dos espacios críticos del ejercicio de la psicología en Chile: la Psicología Social Comunitaria y la Psicología de los Derechos Humanos. Se reflexiona sobre el carácter "crítico" de dichas prácticas, a partir de un análisis de las condiciones sociales en las que fueron efectivamente alternativas a la psicología dominante y prácticas de resistencia política a las condiciones de la época.
Configuración ideológica y estructura social: resucitando el tema desde la psicología política
Authors: Carvacho Héctor , Haye Andrés
Published: October 2013

A partir de los resultados de una investigación longitudinal sobre la cultura política de tres generaciones de chilenos (n1=494; n2=695; n3=494) se discute la relación entre variables estructurales de la sociedad (generación y clase social) y actitudes relevantes para el posicionamiento ideológico (apoyo a la democracia y autoritarismo). Los resultados indican que entre los jóvenes de derecha el apoyo a la democracia es más alto que entre los adultos de derecha, y que la relación entre autoritarismo y nivel educacional depende de la clase social. Estos resultados sugieren que el estudio actual de la ideología debe volver a tomar en cuenta, además de las variables individuales habitualmente utilizadas en psicología social, la clásica relación entre la estructura social y la formación de las actitudes ideológicas.
Implicancias de las técnicas de medición de la actividad cerebral en la cognición: ¿El tiempo o el espacio?
Authors: Díaz Pedro
Published: October 2013

Se propone una discusión respecto a las interpretaciones teóricas que se hacen en las ciencias cognitivas, a partir de los hallazgos permitidos por las nuevas tecnologías para medir y observar la actividad cerebral. Se exponen los promisorios avances permitidos por las últimas técnicas de neuroimagen o "Técnicas de Espacio" como el TEP, el fMRI y otros, para delimitar los circuitos y las zonas donde se concentran variadas actividades cognitivas altas. Se contrapone esto con las características de las "Técnicas de Tiempo", como el electroencefalograma (EEG) o el magneto encefalograma (MEG), y algunos avances empíricos que estas han permitido, alimentando teorías predominantemente asociadas a los sistemas dinámicos. Finalmente, se comentan las implicancias de ambos tipos de técnicas en las teorías de la cognición, llamando la atención sobre la necesidad de analizar qué estamos viendo con cada técnica, y cómo lo que estamos viendo afecta nuestras concepciones teóricas.
Operations Management Teaching
Authors: Doran Desmond , Hill Alex , Brown Steve , Aktas Emel , Kuula Markku
Published: October 2013

This paper explores the relevance to industry's needs of operations management (OM) teaching in higher education, by researching the content of OM modules delivered by UK academics and comparing the results of this research with the views of business practitioners having had first-hand experience of OM teaching on MBA programmes. To determine whether a gap exists in terms of the importance placed on key content areas, the views of OM academics and practitioners were empirically tested using an online survey instrument. The findings indicate that although there is a broad degree of cohesion among academics relating to module content there are gaps between academics and practitioners in terms of the relative importance of key content areas. Such differences are most evident with regard to supply chain management, capacity management, inventory control and lean production tools and techniques. In this regard, the results provide a backdrop for the development of this important subject discipline to ensure that what is taught in the lecture theatre is valued in the business environment.
The Effect of Price Dispersion on hOtel Performance
Authors: Kim Woo Gon , Cho Meehee , Kim Daekwan , Shin Geon-Cheol
Published: October 2013

Previous studies have concentrated on comparing price dispersion and price level between offline and online channels. The primary objectives of this study are to (a) investigate the relationships between offline price dispersion and a company's performance, (b) examine the relationships between online price dispersion and a company's performance and (c) investigate the effect of price dispersion between offline and online channels on a company's performance. The findings show that a decrease in online price dispersion has a positive impact on a hotel performance. Therefore, to enhance hotel performance, hotel marketers should manage pricing strategies for multiple online channels; in addition, hotel companies should pursue rate parity policies across different online channels. Conversely, the results show a positive relationship between offline price dispersion and hotel performance. It is suggested that customization and bundling strategies for offline channels enhance the overall profitability of hotels. The findings advance knowledge of consumers' purchasing behaviour and sellers' pricing strategies.
The Philosophy of Religion in Nishida Kitarō : 1901-1914
Authors: Jacinto Zavala Agustín
Published: October 2013

The Study of Religion (Shūkyō-gaku) is an early text from a one-year course, 1913-1914, which Nishida Kitarō imparted only once in his academic career. In this text, apart from references to mystics and to early and medieval Christian thinkers, Nishida tries to point out the basic elements of Eastern and Western religions through the writings of xviii-xxth century authors, among them participants in the Gifford Lectures, the Bampton Lectures and Hibbert Lectures. On the other hand, Nishida tries to find the corresponding characteristics of religion in Zen and True Pure Land Buddhism. In short, Nishida’s approach to a philosophy of religion gives us an overview of the problems concerning a Buddhist-Christian dialogue.
Revisiter le « Nihilisme »
Authors: Roy Louis
Published: October 2013

Au cours de cet essai, nous présentons la pensée de Nishitani, à la fois praticien du zen et philosophe. Nous expliquons les thèmes sur lesquels il se concentra dans son dialogue avec Eckhart, Nietzsche et Heidegger : le grand doute (taigi), la grande mort (taishi), la religion (shūkyō) , la concentration (samādhi, sammai), l’ego (jiga), le vrai soi (jiko), l’ipséité (jitai, identité profonde), la talité (tathatā,nyojitsu), le rien (mu), la nihilité (kyomu, littéralement : le « rien creux »), la vacuité (kūéquivalent japonais du fameuxśūnyatālittéralement « ouverture céleste »). Ce penseur alla très loin dans la compréhension d’aspects importants de la philosophie occidentale, qu’il mit en rapport critique avec des convictions qui lui venaient de sa tradition bouddhiste. Cet article s’efforce donc de bien interpréter son approche vigoureuse et originale. Finalement, nous indiquons brièvement des pistes de renouveau pour une réflexion théologique de plus en plus mondialisée, soucieuse non seulement d’explorer les perspectives japonaises, mais encore de réagir avec créativité.
Relation et responsabilité
Authors: Nadeau Denise
Published: October 2013

Qu’est-ce qui constitue une réponse éthique au dévoilement de la vérité qui s’est passé dans le contexte des auditions de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation au Québec et au Canada ? En utilisant l’autoethnographie et la structure de la théologie contextuelle, l’auteur se faufile à travers l’exemple de l’histoire de sa famille à Gespe’gewa’gi (Gaspé). L’article montre comment l’identité coloniale des colons et leur blancheur sont liées à la théologie chrétienne Euro-centrique et informent celle-ci. Après avoir considéré l’expérience autochtone de la terre et des enseignements ancestraux sur la relation, la responsabilité et les protocoles, l’article se base sur des exemples herméneutiques écologiques et la théologie féministe postcoloniale pour récupérer au coeur des Écritures chrétiennes de la responsabilité et de la réciprocité, à la fois dans l’Alliance et les traditions radicales de don. L’article invite les lecteurs à entamer un processus de décolonisation d’eux-mêmes et de leurs traditions pour aller de l’avant sur le chemin de la réconciliation, sur un pied d’égalité avec les peuples autochtones, leurs partenaires.
Sedna crucifiée
Authors: Laugrand Frédéric
Published: October 2013

L’iconographie consacrée à la femme de la mer est très riche et très diversifiée, mais laSedna crucifiéede Bill Nasogaluak, réalisée en 2006, demeure une oeuvre singulière. Dans cet article, je montre comment cette représentation novatrice ne marque pas tant le début d’une nouvelle période de l’art inuit, qui continue à s’épanouir, mais peut-être une nouvelle étape dans la culture visuelle reliée à l’incorporation du christianisme par les Inuits. Elle montre également à quel point ceux-ci ont non seulement reçu profondément le christianisme, mais comment ils en perçoivent, peut-être mieux que nous, la part non-naturaliste, donc animique que nous, modernes convaincus, ne voyons plus.
Surface layer response to topographic solar shading in Antarctica's dry valleys
Authors: Katurji Marwan , Zawar‐Reza Peyman , Zhong Shiyuan
Published: October 2013

The effects of topographic shading on local flow transitioning and atmospheric surface layer properties are investigated using observational data from the Miers Valley, one of the dry valleys of Antarctica. A unique data set was collected during a 9 day period in the summer of 2012 using an eddy covariance system and a sound detection and ranging that provided vertical profiles of wind and turbulence characteristics in the surface layer and the lower part of the boundary layer within the Miers Valley. This data set is ideal for investigating the dynamics of flow transitioning due to topographic shading, without the atmosphere experiencing complete darkness. The lack of atmospheric humidity, soil moisture, and surface vegetation in the dry valleys creates an atmosphere within which the microclimatic responses are amplified, and as a result, the valley atmosphere is extremely sensitive to solar radiation. The entire measured valley boundary layer (up to 250 m above ground level) feels the transition from an unstable to a stable stratification as the surface temperature drops by 10°C in response to the topographic shading. Wavelet analysis reveals the dynamics of flow deceleration, stagnation, and oscillations as the flow transitions from an unstable to a stable boundary layer. The larger air mass (along valley) scales to the longer terrain fetch, and as the shade is cast over the valley, it retains some of the longer wavelengths of the flow. The cross‐valley component influenced by the slopes is quicker to adjust to short‐period oscillations and takes around three more hours before it couples with the oscillatory pattern of the along‐valley flow.
Average infiltration at Yucca Mountain over the next million years
Authors: Stothoff Stuart A. , Walter Gary R.
Published: October 2013

An uncertainty distribution is developed to describe areal‐average infiltration at Yucca Mountain averaged over the next million years. The distribution uses Infiltration Tabulator for Yucca Mountain (ITYM) model results to estimate uncertainty in net infiltration given decadal‐average climate, driven with two independent estimates for potential future climatic sequences. Both future climatic sequences use orbital mechanics linked to paleoclimatic proxies to estimate future climate states, but one uses primarily biotic indicators and the other uses primarily abiotic indicators to link paleoclimate to orbital stage. Abiotic indicators suggest that present‐day climate variation by latitude in the Great Basin is reasonably analogous to glacial‐scale climate variation at a single location once orographic, lake effect, and insolation influences are accounted for. In the southern Sierra Nevada, abiotic indicators suggest that mean annual precipitation was 1.7–1.9 times larger than present and mean annual temperature was 5.6–7°C cooler than present at the last glacial maximum. The influence of decadal to millennial‐scale variability is estimated using the 8000 year Methuselah Walk tree‐ring record, which suggests that even large inferred fluctuations over the Holocene only modestly increase 8000‐year‐average infiltration. Combining the future‐climate projections with the infiltration model uncertainty distribution yields approximately lognormal uncertainty distributions for projected million‐year areal‐average net infiltration, with a mean of 41 mm/yr and coefficient of variation of 0.81. Even if anthropogenic effects significantly alter climatic patterns relative to past climate cycles, the projected anthropogenic period is sufficiently brief that million‐year averages are not likely to be substantially influenced.
Concurrent phase partition and between‐mode statistical analysis for multimode and multiphase batch process monitoring
Authors: Zhao Chunhui
Published: October 2013

The exiting automatic phase partition and phase‐based process monitoring strategies are in general limited to single‐mode multiphase batch processes. In this article, a concurrent phase partition and between‐mode statistical modeling strategy (CPPBM) is proposed for online monitoring of multimode multiphase batch processes. First, the time‐varying characteristics of batch processes are concurrently analyzed across modes so that multiple sequential phases are simultaneously identified for all modes. The feature is that both time‐wise dynamics and mode‐wise variations are considered to get the consistent phase boundaries. Then within each phase, between‐mode statistical analysis is performed where one mode is chosen for the development of reference monitoring system and the relative changes from the reference mode to each alternative mode are analyzed. From the between‐mode perspective, each of the original reference monitoring subspaces, including systematic subspace and residual subspace, are further decomposed into two monitoring subspaces for each alternative mode, which reveal two kinds of between‐mode relative variations. The part which shows significant increases represents the variations that will cause alarm signals if the reference models are used to monitor the alternative modes, whereas the part that shows no increases will not issue alarms. By modeling and monitoring different types of between‐mode relative variations, the proposed CPPBM method can not only efficiently detect faults but also offer enhanced process understanding. It is illustrated with a typical multiphase batch process with multiple modes. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 60: 559–573, 2014