bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Information on Topology-Induced Traffic Oscillations
Authors: Wang Yanhong , Jiang Rui , Nie Yu (Marco) , Gao Ziyou
Published: February 2021

Previous studies have shown traffic oscillations can be induced by special network topology. In the simplest case, a network of two intersections connected by two parallel roads would produce oscillatory traffic, when the split of drivers between the two roads falls into certain range. To understand how traffic information may affect such oscillations, a subset of drivers is allowed to be “reactive” in this study; that is, their route choice varies according to information about prevailing traffic conditions on the roads. We show that, depending on the ratio of reactive drivers, the system displays six new decaying, periodic oscillatory, or stable patterns. All solutions are obtained analytically in closed form and validated by macroscopic traffic simulation. Of all the solutions discovered, only one both is stable and fully utilizes the road space between the two intersections, and hence it is more desirable than the other solutions. The findings reveal the link between information provision and topology-induced oscillations, which may help practitioners design strategies that contribute to mitigating the adverse impact of such oscillations.
The role of social media in clubfoot: Information sharing and social support
Authors: Hanna Gabriel , Batko Brian D. , Potter James , Ippolito Joseph , Edobor-Osula Folorunsho
Published: February 2021

Purpose

Clubfoot is the most common congenital foot deformity in children. Caregivers often seek medical information on the internet. The aim of the study was to characterize how social media is used by caregivers to access medical information.

Methods

A search was performed on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube platforms. Information was quantitatively assessed. Comments were qualitatively assessed, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to study thematic comment distribution.

Results

In total, 58 Facebook groups and pages, 109 YouTube accounts and ten Twitter accounts related to clubfoot were discovered from 2007 to 2019. Facebook groups and pages had a collective 56 123 members and 80 544 total likes, respectively. YouTube had a collective 3 280 454 views, with 54 969 total comments throughout the accounts. Comment themes most commonly included sharing information and advice (38.7%), appreciation and success stories (12.8%), emotional support (12.7%) and social media as a second opinion (11.9%). Facebook groups contained a significantly higher number of comments related to ‘social media as a second opinion’ compared with Facebook pages (p = 0.001), Twitter (p = 0.016) and YouTube (p < 0.0001) while YouTube contained a significantly lower number of comments related to ‘sharing information’ compared with Facebook groups, pages and Twitter (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Social media continues to be a growing tool for information sharing and the findings of this study highlight the importance placed by caregivers on the advice of their peers. The online presence of caregivers may represent an opportunity for orthopaedic surgeons to communicate with patients and help them make informed decisions.

Level of evidence

IV
Photoacoustic imaging of the spatial distribution of oxygen saturation in an ischemia-reperfusion model in humans
Authors: Merdasa Aboma , Bunke Josefine , Naumovska Magdalena , Albinsson John , Erlöv Tobias , Cinthio Magnus , Reistad Nina , Sheikh Rafi , Malmsjö Malin
Published: February 2021

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel hybrid imaging technique that combines the advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging to produce hyperspectral images of the tissue. The feasibility of measuring oxygen saturation (sO2) with PAI has been demonstrated pre-clinically, but has limited use in humans under conditions of ischemia and reperfusion. As an important step towards making PAI clinically available, we present a study in which PAI was used to estimate the spatial distribution of sO2 in vivo during and after occlusion of the finger of eight healthy volunteers. The results were compared with a commercial oxygen saturation monitor based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. We here describe the capability of PAI to provide spatially resolved picture of the evolution of sO2 during ischemia following vascular occlusion of a finger, demonstrating the clinical viability of PAI as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for diseases indicated by impaired microvascularization.
Testing uniform colour spaces using colour differences of a wide colour gamut
Authors: Xu Qiang , Zhao Baiyue , Cui Guihua , Luo Ming Ronnier
Published: February 2021

An experimental dataset,WCG, was assembled. The set includes 416 pairs of samples that surround 28 colour centres and covers a wide colour gamut. The data were used to test the performance of seven colour-difference models,CIELAB,CIEDE2000,CAM16-UCS,DIN99d, OSAGP, andICTCP,Jzazbz. Colour discrimination ellipses were also fitted to compare the uniformity of the colour spaces. Different versions of the models were derived to improve the fit to the data, including parametric factors,kL, kC, and a power factor. It was found that thekLoptimisedCAM16-UCS, DIN99d, OSAGPmodels significantly outperformed the other colour models. In addition, the magnitude of the colour difference had an impact on visual assessment.
Computationally-efficient spatiotemporal correlation analysis super-resolves anomalous diffusion
Authors: Yoshida Shawn , Schmid William , Vo Nam , Calabrase William , Kisley Lydia
Published: February 2021

Anomalous diffusion dynamics in confined nanoenvironments govern the macroscale properties and interactions of many biophysical and material systems. Currently, it is difficult to quantitatively link the nanoscale structure of porous media to anomalous diffusion within them. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (fcsSOFI) has been shown to extract nanoscale structure and Brownian diffusion dynamics within gels, liquid crystals, and polymers, but has limitations which hinder its wider application to more diverse, biophysically-relevant datasets. Here, we parallelize the least-squares curve fitting step on a GPU improving computation times by up to a factor of 40, implement anomalous diffusion and two-component Brownian diffusion models, and make fcsSOFI more accessible by packaging it in a user-friendly GUI. We apply fcsSOFI to simulations of the protein fibrinogen diffusing in polyacrylamide of varying matrix densities and super-resolve locations where slower, anomalous diffusion occurs within smaller, confined pores. The improvements to fcsSOFI in speed, scope, and usability will allow for the wider adoption of super-resolution correlation analysis to diverse research topics.
Curvature effect on surface topography and uniform scallop height control in normal grinding of optical curved surface considering wheel vibration
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Yang Shuming , Liao Zhirong , Cheung Chi Fai , Jiang Zhuangde , Zhang Feihu
Published: February 2021

High-precision optical components with complex shapes or microstructures have been extensively used in numerous fields such as biomedicine, energy and aerospace. In order to accurately achieve the specific functions of the components, the form accuracy and uniform surface quality need to reach an ever-high level. To achieve this, ultra-precision normal grinding is used for machining various types of complex optical surfaces. However, the intricate variation of the workpiece curvature and grinding wheel vibration gives rise to great challenges to obtain higher precision and uniform surface conditions. In this study, the influence of curvature on surface topography generation has been investigated and a novel model of scallop height has been developed for surface topography generation in the normal grinding of the curved surface. In addition, the relative influence of the curvature is analyzed experimentally, in which the micro-waviness generation as a consequence of the unbalanced vibration of the grinding wheel is modeled and validated by experiments. Finally, the micro sinusoidal array with the setting value for scallop height is achieved by controlling the feed speed, which is determined by the local curvature of surface profile. The results indicated that the curvature variation posed a significant effect on surface uniformity and the model is valid to achieve surface scallop height control in the normal grinding effectively.
Design and characteristics of a Maxwell force-driven liquid lens
Authors: Song Xiaomin , Zhang Hongxia , Zhang Ziling , Zhao Ruoxin , Jia Dagong , Liu Tiegen
Published: February 2021

Varifocal lenses (especially large-aperture lenses), which are formed by two immiscible liquids based on electrowetting and dielectrophoretic effects, are usually modulated by an external high-voltage power source, with respect to the volume of the liquid. Hence, a Maxwell force-driven liquid lens with large aperture and low threshold voltage is proposed. With the polarization effect, the accumulated negative charges on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride/dibutyl adipate gel near the anode results in the generation of Maxwell force and deformation with cosine wave. The effect of surface roughness on wettability is linear with the cosine of the contact angle, leading to a sharp reduction in the threshold voltage when the volume of liquid is increased. When the volume of the droplet increases to 80 μl, the threshold voltage is about 10 V. Hence, the aperture of polarization effect-driven liquid lenses can potentially reach the centimeter level. Moreover, when Maxwell force increases, the lens ranges from concave to convex lens, which holds great promise in rich application such as those in light-sheet microscopes and virtual reality systems.
Early childhood music research, practice and policy: A COVID-19 collaboration
Authors: Svec Christina L. , Koops Lisa
Published: February 2021

In response to COVID-19, various resources were disseminated to the music education community regarding research, practice and policy. Few of those resources, however, included implications for early childhood music learners and educators. Therefore, the purpose of our piece was to describe how a group drawn from the leadership boards of NAfME’s Early Childhood Music Special Research Group, Early Childhood Music & Movement Association and the editorial board of the International Journal of Music in Early Childhood gathered, created resources and participated in ongoing research projects.
‘Something is better than nothing’: Early childhood caregiver–child music classes taught remotely in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Koops Lisa Huisman , Webber Samantha C.
Published: February 2021

Many early childhood music teachers suddenly shifted to remote teaching in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to gather information about parents’ and caregivers’ perspectives on and reactions to remote teaching of caregiver–child early childhood music classes. The participant families were enrolled in an on-site music class when the switch in format happened due to COVID-19 and were given the option of continuing with instruction via Zoom or receiving a refund for the remainder of the semester. All families were invited to complete a survey with questions about their decision to participate or not and suggestions for ongoing remote programming. Families who chose to participate in synchronous online classes were invited to complete interviews. Eleven adults, representing nine enrolled children, offered their perceptions of the affordances and constraints of the remote caregiver–child music class and suggestions for improvement of remote teaching. Four themes arose in the interviews: (1) the centrality of interaction, (2) the need to support families, (3) the kids & screens paradox and (4) something is better than nothing. Families who chose not to do remote classes in the spring reported they were not interested in trying Zoom classes in the fall either. The main reason families gave for not wanting to participate was concerns about children and screen time. We share implications for teaching and suggestions for future research.
Using online research methods to complete investigations with young children: Suggestions for music practitioners and researchers
Authors: Culp Mara E. , Robison Tiger
Published: February 2021

As stakeholders turn to online methods, researchers would benefit from assistance in identifying ways to address important questions related to children’s musical lives in an altered research landscape. The purpose of this article is to describe how online methods can be used to conduct research with young children and music. A secondary purpose is to introduce and orient readers to relevant literature and resources to enable them to complete investigations. Our discussion is presented in three primary sections: online research with children and music, ethical considerations and suggestions for practice. Sections one and two provide general overviews of relevant literature and resources while establishing a foundation for our suggestions, which are also informed by our previous experiences. As researchers, we began this investigation to address a need in our own work, and we offer our preliminary findings and suggestions in this article as a resource for others.
Playing with sounds in the first years: Relevant research and pedagogical propositions for early childhood music education
Authors: Filippa Manuela , Young Susan
Published: February 2021

Infants and children in their earliest years (6 months to 3 years) are highly motivated to act on objects to produce sounds and to explore the possibilities of sound production. Yet educational practice and music education research rarely concentrate on very young children’s abilities to produce sounds with objects or with age-appropriate musical instruments. There is, however, a small corpus of studies that have explored sound production among the under-3s and have suggested the importance of this activity in early musical development. In this article we first introduce and discuss this corpus of studies. In light of the theories of musical gesture and sound production emerging from these studies, we then propose a complementary music education perspective for young children under 3 years of age which is focused on sound production with objects.
Music therapy interventions based on sound properties enhancing communication with infants and toddlers
Authors: Cunha Rosemyriam , Dias Maynardes Cecília Carvalho
Published: February 2021

Infants are curious about sounds and can perceive them as a means of communication with others. This article describes the ways sound properties were used in music therapy encounters to facilitate communication with a group of infants and toddlers. The music therapy interactions were based on Brazilian traditional songs, musical instruments and body movements. We explored loudness, timbre and pitch used to enhance non-verbal communication. Participative performance and community music therapy principles were deemed appropriate to our interactions as we observed improvement in the quality of the infants’ and toddlers’ social and affective expressions throughout the process.
Evaluation of Alternative Navigation, Positioning and Timing Systems Based on Their Performance and Additional Characteristics
Authors: Levin David , Topková Tereza , Pleninger Stanislav
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to provide performance assessment of Alternative Navigation Positioning and Timing (APNT) systems considered possible GNSS backup in European region. The performance of the APNT systems is assessed based on their performance characteristics such as accuracy, integrity, and by additional beneficial abilities, that could help by implementation or could provide different added value in terms of solving certain issues in the Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) domain.
The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ibragimova L. I. , Kolpakova E. A. , Dzagakhova A. V. , Egshatyan L. V. , Pokrovskaya E. V. , Derevyanko O. S. , Nikonova T. V.
Published: February 2021

At the beginning of the XXI century, with the advent of technical capabilities and new methods of genes sequencing, the attention of researchers to the study of the human metagenome has significantly increased. The interaction between changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and various diseases is being actively studied, a search for specific metabolites and genes of microorganisms that may be associated with the development, in particular, of immune-mediated diseases is underway. In recent years, a lot of new data have been published on the possible contribution of gut flora dysbiosis to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), while the first assumptions were put forward as far back as 1970s. The search for pathogenetic mechanisms of GM influence on the development and progression of T1DM is becoming an increasingly relevant objective, since in recent years the incidence of T1DM is rapidly increasing, which is a serious health problem throughout the world.

This review discusses the current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, new data on the near-term prospects in the study of the human macrogenome, current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, and the possibility of applying this knowledge by the practitioner.
Slowly evolving, immune-mediated diabetes in 14-year-old patient: a case report
Authors: Ragimov M. R. , Omelchuk D. D. , Ibragimova L. I. , Derevyanko O. S. , Nikonova T. V.
Published: February 2021

Slowly developing immune-mediated diabetes, often called latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies (ATs) to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), the patient's age at the onset over 35 years, and the absence of the need for insulin therapy for 6-12 months to 6 years from the moment of diagnosis, according to the WHO classification of 2019, refers to hybrid forms of diabetes mellitus (DM). In this article, we present a case history of slowly developing immune-mediated diabetes in a 14-year-old boy who was transferred from metformin monotherapy and a diet with restriction of digestible carbohydrates to the intensified insulin therapy only 4 years after the onset of diabetes mellitus with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of less than 6.5% throughout the disease. As a result of the studies, the patient was found to have a homozygous genotype highly predisposing to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), as well as increased levels of ATs to GADA and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A). The initially preserved level of basal C-peptide and the clinical course of the disease in this patient do not allow us to classify this case as a classic variant of the course of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
One-hour postload plasma glucose levels as a new criterion for assessing insulin secretion in obese children
Authors: Vasyukova O. V. , Okorokov P. L. , Peterkova V. A.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and associated dysglycemic conditions, increasing the risk of diabetes development, continues to rise worldwide, most notably due to ever-growing obesity rate. Early identification of the persons who are exposed to the risk of T2DM development holds much significance for prevention of both this disease and associated cardiometabolic complications.

AIM: To study characteristics of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity among obese children and adolescents versus the glycemic level 60 minutes (GL60) after the standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

METHODS: This open-label comparative cross-sectional study involved 613 children in the age between 6 and 17.9 years old with constitutive-exogenous obesity, divided into 2 groups: 173 patients with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L and 440 children with GL60 level < 8.6 mmol/L. They underwent a screening for dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, arterial hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Insulin secretion was evaluated on the basis of maximal (IRI max), average level (IRI avg) of insulin in the course of OGTT and insulinogenic index (IGI), insulin resistance (IG) — by Matsuda index.

RESULTS: The groups were comparable in the terms of age, sex, sexual maturation stage and obesity level. Children with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L were characterized by higher IR (Matsuda 2.8 ± 2.3 vs 3.5 ± 2.2, р < 0.01), hyperinsulinemia (IRI max 190.0 ± 59.5 vs 157.1 ± 63.4 μU/ml, р < 0.001, IRI avg 115.3 ± 59.7 vs 90.2 ± 54.1 μU/ml, p < 0.001) along with low IGI value (1.84 ± 1.62 vs 2.61 ± 1.3, р < 0.01), which is indicative of the first phase insulin secretion impairment. The lowest IGI values were found among the "GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L" group patients with IGT (1.4 ± 0.9). Besides, the patients with GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L are characterized by the higher rate of metabolic complications in the form of impaired glucose tolerance, arterial hypertension, fatty hepatosis and steatohepatitis.

CONCLUSIONS: GL60 level ≥ 8.6 mmol/L can be used as an additional marker for metabolically complicated obesity among children and adolescents with a high risk of the carbohydrate metabolism disorder development.
Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Samsudin Asep Muhamad , Wolf Sigrid , Roschger Michaela , Hacker Viktor
Published: February 2021

Crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a backbone polymer and different approaches to functional group introduction were prepared by means of solution casting with thermal and chemical crosslinking. Membrane characterization was performed by SEM, FTIR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The performance of AEMs was evaluated by water uptake, swelling degree, ion exchange capacity, OH- conductivity, and single cell tests. A combination of quaternized ammonium poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDMAC) showed the highest conductivity, water uptake, and swelling among other functional group sources. The AEM with a combined mass ratio of QPVA and PDDMAC of 1:0.5 (QPV/PDD0.5) has the highest hydroxide conductivity of 54.46 mS cm-1. The single fuel cell tests with QPV/PDD0.5 membrane yield the maximum power density and current density of 8.6 mW cm-2 and 47.6 mA cm-2 at 57 °C. This study demonstrates that PVA-based AEMs have the potential for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) application.
Nicotinism and the knowledge of consequences of laryngectomy among university students.
Authors: Hamerlińska Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

Nicotine addiction is currently one of the most serious health and social problems worldwide, which contributes to the development of numerous diseases, including, above all, laryngeal cancer, which may lead to laryngectomy. The consequences of losing one’s larynx are irreversible. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to describe the knowledge of the consequences of radical laryngectomy among students pursuing a variety of majors. The study covered 194 people (119 non-smokers and 75 smokers), who took part in diagnostic survey based on a bespoke questionnaire. Based on the study in question, the author determined that the level of knowledge about the consequences of laryngectomy among the majority of students is average to low, while smoking students have an average awareness of these consequences. Moreover, it turned out that age, gender, major and the number of smokers in students’ closest circles do not determine the knowledge about the subject at hand. The results of the study indicate that the anti-smoking public service campaigns addressed to youth should include information about both the risk of diseases and their consequences, which may significantly reduce the quality of life and hinder everyday functioning.
Secondary speech therapy prophylaxis aimed at children with low birth weight – a part of research
Authors: Gacka Ewa
Published: February 2021

In the paper, the results of the study of secondary speech therapy prophylaxis aimed at children with low birth weight (preterm babies and babies born at term but with intrauterine growth retardation). The study group consisted of 187 children with a birth weight below 2500 g. Low birth weight is one of the risk factors for various developmental disorders, including disorders of the development of language communication. That is why early identification of the first symptoms of language acquisition (speech development) disorders is so important. The aim of the undertaken research was to analyse the activities in the field of secondary speech therapy prophylaxis, covering this risk group.
Badanie poziomu makiawelizmu u osób w wieku 18–24 lata z zastosowaniem kwestionariusza Mach IV1
Authors: Jankiewicz Zofia , Radzioch Joanna
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest określenie poziomu makiawelizmu u osób w wieku 18–24 lata. Badaniu z wykorzystaniem kwestionariusza Mach IV zostało poddanych 78 osób – uczniów i studentów. W naszej pracy sformułowano wnioski, które dotyczą badanych. Artykuł jest częścią prac Koła Naukowego Psychologii Polityki działającego na Wydziale Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa UAM w Poznaniu, które od kilku lat podejmuje temat makiawelizmu jako czynnika wpływającego na uwarunkowania społeczne.
ADAPTİF PİYASA HİPOTEZİNİN ASYA – PASİFİK ÜLKELERİNDE TEST EDİLMESİ
Authors: GEMİCİ Eray
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışma, Asya Pasifik ülkelerinde Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin geçerliliğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, 31 Aralık 1992'den 31 Ocak 2020'ye kadar olan aylık dönem, Otomatik Portmanteau Q testi, Genelleştirilmiş Spektral test ve Wild-Bootstrap Otomatik Varyans Oran testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, getirilerin zamana bağlı olarak tahmin edilebilirliği kayan pencereler yaklaşımı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, ülke borsalarının Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezini doğruladığını göstermektedir.
KRİPTO PARALARIN VOLATİLİTE MODELİNDE ABD BORSA ENDEKSLERİNİN YERİ: BİTCOİN ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KOY Ayben , YAMAN Mustafa , METE Sefa
Published: February 2021

Blok zincir sisteminde işlem gören en yeni inovatif finansal ürünlerden biri olan kripto paralar, yatırımcılardan yüksek ilgi görmektedir. Kripto para piyasasının en yüksek işlem hacimli ürünü Bitcoin (BTC), gösterdiği yüksek oynaklıklar ve spekülatif fiyat balonları ile de ön plana çıkmıştır. BTC’nin volatilite yapısında ABD borsa endeks getirilerinin varlığını araştıran bu çalışma, 10.03.2016 – 11.06.2019 dönemindeki günlük verileri kapsar. Genelleştirilmiş Otoregresif Koşullu Değişen Varyans modellerinden GARCH, EGARCH ve TARCH modellerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada, SP500, Nasdaq100 ve Dow Jones Industrial varyans değişkeni olarak kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, (1) her üç endeksin de BTC’in volatilitesini açıklamada anlamlı olduğu, (2) borsa endeksleri ile geliştirilmiş modellerin, GARCH, EGARCH ve TARCH modellerinin tamamında benzer temel modelden daha güçlü olduğu ve (3) endekslerle geliştirilmiş EGARCH modelinin ise en güçlü model olduğunu göstermektedir
Measurements of urban traffic parameters before and after road reconstruction
Authors: Bąkowski Andrzej , Radziszewski Leszek
Published: February 2021

The study analyzed the parameters of vehicle traffic and noise on the national road in the section in the city from 2011 to 2016. In 2013–2014 this road was reconstructed. It was found that in most cases, the distribution of the tested variable was not normal. The median and selected percentiles of vehicle traffic parameters and noise were examined. The variability and type A uncertainty of the results were described and evaluated. The results obtained for the data recorded on working and non-working days were compared. The vehicle cumulative speed distributions, for two-way four-lane road segments in both directions were analyzed. A mathematical model of normalized traffic flow has been proposed. Fit factor R2of the proposed equations to the experimental data for passenger vehicles ranges from 0.93 to 0.99. It has been shown that two years after the road reconstruction, the median noise level did not increase even though traffic volumes and vehicle speeds increased. The Cnossos noise model was validated for data recorded over a period of 6 years. A very good agreement of the medians determined according to the Cnossos-EU model and the measured ones was obtained. It should be noted, however, that for the other analyzed percentiles,e.g.95%, the discrepancies are larger.
Forgotten coindex of some non-toxic dendrimers structure used in targeted drug delivery
Authors: Ali Yasir , Bibi Zainab , Kiran Quanita
Published: February 2021

In recent past, porphyrin-based dendrimers have gained great attraction due to their usefulness in nano devices and photo-dynamic therapy. New technologies based upon nano-materials or dendrimers have potential to overcome the problems due to conventional drug delivery, like toxicity, poor solubility and poor release pattern of drugs. The chemical and physical properties of these highly branched nanometer sized dendrimers depend on their structure. In chemical network theory, various topological indices are used to predict chemical properties of molecules(dendrimers). Among many useful topological descriptors forgotten coindex is relatively less explored but is found very useful in material engineering, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In this article, we consider some special dendrimers, like poly(propyl) ether imine, porphyrin, and zinc-porphyrin, and nanostars likeD1[k] andD2[k] and compute forgotten coindex for these important structures.
Insight into the significance of Joule dissipation, thermal jump and partial slip: Dynamics of unsteady ethelene glycol conveying graphene nanoparticles through porous medium
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Raju Chakravarthula S. , Animasaun Isaac L. , Santhosh Halavudara B. , Mishra Manoj K.
Published: February 2021

In the production of ethelene glycol, graphene nanoparticles is inevitable and even suggested due to monomolecular layer of carbon atoms which are bounded like honey comb structure is known as graphene due to this structure, graphene has several types of exceptional and unique structural, optical and electronic properties. However, little is known on the enhancement of the transport phenomenon when Joule dissipation, inclined magnetic field, thermal jump and partial slip are apparent. With emphasis to the inherent aforementioned concepts together with heat source/sink and thermal radiation, this paper presents insight into the dynamics of unsteady Ethelene glycol conveying graphene nanoparticles through porous medium. The dimensional governing equation was non-dimenzionalized using fitting similarity variables and solved the dimensionless equations using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg algorithms along with the shooting technique. Also, a statistical method was implemented for multiple quadratic regression estimation analysis on the numerical figures of wall velocity gradient and local Nusselt number to establish the connection among heat transfer rate and physical parameters. Our numerical findings reveal that the magnetic field and porosity parameters boost the graphene Maxwell nanofluid velocity while Maxwell parameter has a reversal impact on it. The regression analysis confers that Nusselt number is more prone to heat absorption parameter as compared to Eckert number. The rate of heat transfer is higher in case of with slip compare to without slip flow in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and unsteady parameter. The fluid velocity and temperature distribution is higher in without slip compare to with slip flow.
An investigation on the degradation behaviors of Mg wires/PLA composite for bone fixation implants: influence of wire content and load mode
Authors: Li Xuan , Cong Yu , Sui Jisheng , Li Xiaolong
Published: February 2021

Poly-lactic acid based biocomposite strengthened with magnesium alloy wires (Mg wires/PLA composite) is prepared for bone fixation implantation. The influence of wire content and load mode on the degradation performances of the composite and its components is studied. The result suggests the degradation of Mg wires could slow down the pH decrease originated from the degradation of PLA, while a relatively high wire content contributes to descend the degradation rate of Mg wire in the composite. Dynamic load significantly promotes the mechanical loss of the specimens. After 30 days immersion, the Sb
retention is about 65%, 52% and 55%, respectively for pure PLA, the composite at 10 vol% and 20 vol% under dynamic load, comparing to 75%, 70% and 72% under no load. Moreover, dynamic load could further mitigate the degradation of Mg wires by increasing convective transport of acidic products out of the composite.
ADAPTATION OF LABOR MIGRANTS FROM THE ARAB EAST IN EUROPEAN CITIES
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sarabiev Alexey
Published: February 2021

The socio-cultural adaptation and economic integration of labor immigrants from the Arab East in Europe remains, until now, an insufficiently studied phenomenon. Meanwhile, this topic is related to solving the issues of increasing the economic and social efficiency of labor immigration to main European cities, and the conclusions of the study may be in demand, including in our country. We have used the method of rapid (three-question) survey of these immigrants. Special attention is paid to labor immigrants in Germany and Bulgaria. A certain disunity between Arab communities from different Mashriq countries, a significant business and cultural distance with people from the Maghreb is revealed. There is a difference in world view between Eastern Arab immigrants and European residents, as well as a relative diasporal isolation (cultural and business) of labor immigrants. The difference in the situation of the communities under consideration in several European countries is small. It is based on the comparable rootedness of communities, primarily in the respective diasporal networks more than in the local business environment. A long-term forecast for the development of migration to Europe is given, which implies that the dynamics of immigration of Eastern Arabs will not grow, but will even decrease over time.
Political Shifts in Latin America and Problems of Relations of the Region with the European Union
Authors:   Institute of Latin America, Russian Academy of Sciences., Iwanowski Zbiegnew
Published: February 2021

The article examines the deteriorating economic and social situation in Latin America after the "golden decade" (2003 – 2013) and political shifts in the region. During the last electoral cycle, there was a reformatting of the political landscape, including the "right drift" on one hand and the strengthening of the positions of the left forces on the other. At the same time, political polarization at the national and regional levels sharply increased, integration blocks have disintegrated or are in a state of crisis. As a result, the region is no longer a "unity in diversity". Based on an analysis of the latest sources and bibliography, the author shows the reasons for the intensification of European politics in Latin America. He comes to conclusion that the EU tries to play an independent role in the emerging new bipolarity. Although the economy remains a priority in interregional cooperation, political aspects are becoming increasingly important. Both regions actively cooperate in solving global problems, but the priorities of each of them differ significantly. The European Union cooperates with Latin America in strengthening multilateralism and improving global governance, both partners try to reform international institutions, reject protectionism and underline the priority of international law. In the absence of "unity in diversity" and the crisis of integration associations on the continent, the EU pays more attention to bilateral relations with Latin American countries.
The Image of The Second World War as a Factor in the Formation of Contemporary European Identity
Authors:   Siberian Law University, Denisov Yuri
Published: February 2021

The image of the Second world war is one of the most significant images of the past for the European identity. The purpose of this study is to analyze its potential for the formation of the modern European identity as a supranational construct. The results of the study showed the ambivalent nature of this potential. On the one hand, the image of the Second world war retains a sufficiently powerful unifying impulse. It is determined by the uniting role of the colossal tragedy, the common misfortune that befell Europe in the middle of the past century, its integrational significance for the beginning of joint efforts to build a single European community in order to prevent the recurrence of these events. Today, this momentum is realized through the preservation of European memory, the institutionalization of anniversaries, the broadcast of the memory of the war in the process of intergenerational communication in the functioning of the institutions of education and cultural environment as a whole, the articulation of traumatic memories in the political discourse. On the other hand, the image of World War Two has a serious deconsolidating charge for the common European identity. It is caused by contradictions in the European collective memory, which are more and more clearly manifested in the conditions of modern political conjuncture. The new technological revolution that has engulfed Europe, accompanied by a steady shift of communication practices into cyberspace and the emergence of the phenomenon of cyber-memory, changes the mechanisms of representation and reception of the image of the Second World War. In the presence of the Global Network, we observe a steady increase of not only the arsenal of means for the representation and visualization of the image of the past, making it more interactive, multimodal, multifaceted and simplified, but also of the number of actors of memory politics, taking part in the formation of the European identity, or rather — an unlimited set of identities.
Patriotism as a Value Component of the State Policy of Nation-Building (the Experience of the EAEU Countries)
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bakhlova Olga , Bakhlov Igor ,   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: February 2021

This article investigates the experience of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union in the formation and implementation of the ideology of patriotism and the state policy of patriotic education. They are considered in the context of nation-building processes and in conjunction with approaches to formulating a national idea and national (civic) identity. Particular attention is paid to the content and dynamics of the discourse of the authorities. Through a comparative political analysis, the general and special characteristics of the models introduced in the EAEU countries, constants and dominants of discursive practices are revealed. The argumentation of representatives of the top political leadership in their attitudes to the proposed guidelines and priorities of socio-political development through an appeal to the value component taking into account the relationship of internal and external dimensions is shown. The emphasis is on the lack of demand for the ethnocentric model of patriotic discourse and the relevant practices of political actors due to the complex composition of the population of most countries of the Union and other internal and geopolitical circumstances. At the same time in their activities one can reveal the commitment to constructive orientation, the absolutization of sovereignty, and the motivation and positions that impede the adoption of balanced integration decisions. It is suggested that the national idea of Russia cannot be reduced solely to patriotism and that its depoliticization and deideologization cannot be absolutized.
LIMITS OF TURKEY’S CAPABILITIES AS A TRANSIT GAS CORRIDOR
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ayvazyan Diana
Published: February 2021

The paper examines the role of the Republic of Turkey as a transit corridor for the natural gas supply to the European Union. Turkey's interests in increasing its transit potential based on its favorable geographic location near gas producers and consumers are studied. The results achieved in this direction of the energy policy of the Republic of Turkey are brought out. The limitations for the increase of the volume of gas transit through the territory of Turkey are examined. The documents of the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources of Turkey, the ongoing projects on the transit of pipeline gas through the Turkish territory are analyzed. It is shown that Turkey's interest in the expansion of the geography of gas imports and transit coincides with the interests of the European Union as a gas consumer as well as with the interest of gas suppliers in full (in the case of Azerbaijan) or partially (in the case of Russia) to transit gas through Turkey. Turkey's role as a transit gas corridor is limited by small volumes of gas in comparison with the other directions of supply and an increase in the share of LNG in the European gas market.
Pubertal Testosterone and Brain Response to Faces in Young Adulthood: An Interplay between Organizational and Activational Effects in Young Men
Authors: Liao Zhijie , Tilley Steven , Mouraviev Andrei , Khairullah Ammar , Paus Tomas
Published: February 2021

According to the organizational-activational hypothesis, the organizational effects of testosterone during (prenatal) brain development moderate the activational effects of adult testosterone on behavior. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that adolescence is another period during which sex hormones organize the nervous system. Here we investigate how pubertal sex hormones moderate the activational effects of adult sex hormones on social cognition in humans. To do so, we recruited a sample of young men (n= 507; age, ∼19 years) from a longitudinal birth cohort and investigated whether testosterone exposure during adolescence (from 9 to 17 years of age) moderates the relation between current testosterone and brain response to faces in young adulthood, as assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results showed that the cumulative exposure to testosterone during adolescence moderated the relation between adult testosterone and both the mean fMRI response and functional connectivity (i.e., node strength). Specifically, in participants with low exposure to testosterone during puberty, we observed a positive relationship between current testosterone and the brain response to faces; this was not the case for participants with medium and high pubertal testosterone. Furthermore, we observed a stronger relationship between the brain response and current testosterone in parts of the angry-face network associated with (vs without) motion in the eye region of an observed (angry) face. We speculate that pubertal testosterone modulates the relationship between current testosterone and brain response to social cues carried by the eyes and signaling a potential threat.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAccumulating evidence supports the organizational effects of pubertal testosterone, but the body of literature examining these effects on social cognition in humans is in its infancy. With a sample of young men from a longitudinal birth cohort, we showed that the cumulative exposure to testosterone during adolescence moderated the relation between adult testosterone and both the mean BOLD signal change and functional connectivity. Specifically, we observed a positive relationship between adult testosterone and the brain response to faces in participants with low exposure to testosterone during puberty, but not in participants with medium and high pubertal testosterone. Results of further analysis suggest that sensitivity to cues carried by the eyes might underlie the relationship between testosterone and brain response to faces, especially in the context of a potential threat.
Uloga medija u procesu socijalizacije djece i adolescenata
Authors: Bjelobrk Vladimir
Published: February 2021

Suvremeni diskurs globalne razmjene informacija te medijsko prožimanje kulturne, društvene i ekonomske sfere pretendira prema određenom utjecaju na psihološki i socijalni razvoj djece i adolescenata. Kognitivno-socijalni procesi i razvijanje jezičnih kompetencija obilježeni su utjecajem medija te stvaraju određeni razvojni okvir medijske socijalizacije koja u sazrijevanju djece donosi i dobre strane, ali reflektira i određena antisocijalna ponašanja. Također, razvoj multimedije unutar virtualnog okruženja kod nove generacije naraštaja digitalnih domorodaca donosi i nove obrasce ponašanja. Osim toga, individualni faktori poput dobi i spola te socijalni faktori poput vršnjačkih odnosa karakteriziraju medijsku socijalizaciju djece. Također, suvremenom multimedijskom komunikacijom omogućeno je povećavanje protoka i dostupnosti informacija čime se otvaraju pitanja dvostruke uloge medija u procesu socijalizacije mladih, odnosno otvaraju se pitanja transparentnosti, etičnost, primjerenosti medijski dostupnih sadržaja, kao i pojava antisocijalnih ponašanja koja se implicitno ili eksplicitno dotiču medijskog konteksta
Kreativnost kao sastavni dio nastave likovne kulture
Authors: Zečević Radmila
Published: February 2021

Radom će se pokušati povezati teorija kreativnosti (opisana kao transakcijska u pristupu) s implikacijama koje ima na obrazovanje. Kako bi dječje stvaralaštvo u odgoju i obrazovanju bilo uspješno, nužno je znati šta je dječje stvaralaštvo uopće, a potom i kako se ono manifestira i razvija u procesu nastave likovne kulture. Autor je nastojao obuhvatiti sve spomenute dijelove kako bi sadržaj rada bio što bogatiji, a potom i kompletan. U uvodu se govori o umjetnosti i njenom značaju, a potom i o umjetnosti smještenoj u školske okvire – likovnoj kulturi, s njenim ciljevima i zadacima. Glavni dio rada objašnjava pojam i čimbenike kreativnosti, s naglaskom na ulogu učitelja pri poticanju kreativnosti učenika. Tome je posvećen posebni dio, kao značajan segment u poticanju stvaralaštva, odnosno kreativnosti kod djece.
As condicións de xénero no contexto migratorio galego ás Américas. Apuntamentos do caso mexicano (1880-1930)
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez David Miguel
Published: February 2021

A alternativa da migración foi unha realidade moi presente na sociedade galega masculina. Non podemos dicir o mesmo das mulleres, que tiveron que afrontar as condicións de xénero tanto na súa partida de Galicia como na súa aventura nas Américas. Neste artigo tentaremos achegar algunhas das limitacións que a migración feminina sufriu, centrándonos nos obstáculos socioculturais e laborais nunha sociedade á deriva que invisibilizou ás que se aventuraron a cruzar o Atlántico. Finalmente, aterraremos no caso mexicano e a súas particularidades.
La subversion féminine dans les fabliaux français du XIIème et XIIIème siècles
Authors: Brouardelle Nadia
Published: February 2021

Face à l'image traitionnelle de la femme comme élément pervers que la littérature médiévale a amplement alimenté, une nouvelle appréhension du féminin surgit sous la plume des trouvères. Pendant plus d'un siècle, les auteurs des fabliaux nous offre un éventail de femmes aussi surprenantes les unes que les autres . Elles tentent de faire fi de la misogynie qui les auréole pour s'inventer une existence qui leur permet de se réaliser en dehors de leur rôle frustré d'épouse et de maîtresse de maison. Elles renaissent une fois que leur mari quittle le logis pour vaquer à ses occupations. Leur foyer devient alors le scénario adultère où elles s'expriment librement, rompant consciemment les chaînes sociales et matrimoniales qui les attachent pour se venger du sexe fort qui les opprime outre mesure. Nous analyserons donc pourquoi et comment ces femmes mènent à bien leur propre révolution.