bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
App-Therapy Prescinde for Increasing Adherence to Smoking Cessation Treatment
Authors: López-Torrecillas Francisca , Ramírez-Uclés Isabel , Rueda María del Mar , Cobo-Rodríguez Beatriz , Castro-Martín Luis , Castaño Sabina Arantxa Urrea , Muñoz-López Lucas
Published: November 2023

Tobacco and cannabis use pose major health risks and are major contributors to causes of death worldwide. Mobile phone-based cessation apps for these substances are gaining popularity, often used as a component of traditional interventions. This study aimed to analyze adherence to an intervention using a mobile phone application (App-therapy Prescind) as a function of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, educational level, and profession) as well as the primary activities supported by the app (reducing tobacco or cannabis use and increasing physical exercise). The participants were recruited through the web pages of the Occupational Risk Prevention Service and the Psychology Clinic of the University of Granada during the Covid-19 confinement period. The application’s content includes three components (self-report, motivational phrases, and goal-setting). Our findings indicate that being male, aged between 26 and 62, having a secondary or high school education, and being unemployed increase the likelihood of adherence to the Prescinde App-therapy three months after usage. Our findings highlight the importance of developing new therapeutic approaches and conducting in-depth studies on the factors associated with adherence to tobacco and cannabis cessation treatments via mobile phone applications.
Circadian Regulation of Apolipoprotein in Brain: Implications for Lipid Metabolism and Diseases
Authors: Lee Hannah Chae Eun , Murrell Charlotte Ellzabeth , Chu Alexander , Pan Xiaoyue
Published: November 2023

The circadian clock is a 24-hour cycle within the body that regulates various factors, including sleep, body temperature, and hormone secretion. It allows the body to adjust to the light and dark cycle. Disruptions to the circadian rhythm are important risk factors for many diseases, including neurodegenerative illnesses. The central clock is controlled by the clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and one of the main functions of the circadian clock is to regulate lipid metabolism. There has been a lack of investigation on the circadian regulation of lipid metabolism-related apolipoprotein genes in the brain; thus, this study sought to summarize the rhythmic expression of clock genes and lipid metabolism-related apolipoprotein genes within the SCN of Mus musculus. Out of the 20 apolipoprotein genes that were studied by the published database, all 9 genes were highly expressed in the SCN. Most of the 6 genes showed rhythmic expression in the brain of mice, suggesting that the master clock might regulate them. The results, therefore, reveal a potential target for preventing and treating circadian disorders. We summarized most studies of lipid-related apolipoprotein genes within limited locations of the SCN and brain to further understand how disordered cerebral lipid metabolism causes multiple brain diseases and disorders. We reviewed recent studies, determined the unexplored questions, and identified a potential direction for further research.
Group Cohesion and Individual Mental Health Regarding the Consensus Decision‐Making Methods Associated with Three Intentional Communities
Authors: Nash Carol
Published: November 2023

As distinct human societies, three unique intentional communities are investigated regarding their preferred consensus decision-making practices. It is Identified that each has adopted a different form of consensus decision-making to solve potential group-wide interpersonal conflict. The individual attributes of these three consensus decision-making practices are considered, both from the perspective of maintaining group stability and in relation to individual member's mental health. The communities are a Canadian self-directed public senior elementary and secondary school, an annual English conference for those self-identifying as on the autistic spectrum, and a self-producing Korean popular music (K-pop) group. It is found that the intentional community and participants’ mental health are sustained regarding each of the three consensus decision-making practices. Nevertheless, the resulting decisions generate various stresses within the communities, both as a whole and concerning the individual members. To retain group cohesion and maintain individual mental health, these stresses must be recognized and understood by participants. The novel finding of this research is that, dependent on the time available for decision-making, and the members’ perspective adopted, intentional communities might practice more than one form of consensus decision-making and still support both group cohesion and individual mental health, maintaining the democracy of these distinct societies.
Fifteen Years after the Definition of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Zingales Bianca , Macedo Andréa M
Published: November 2023

Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan causative of Chagas disease (ChD), exhibits striking genetic and phenotypic intraspecific diversity, along with ecoepidemiological complexity. Human-pathogen interactions lead to distinct clinical presentations of ChD. In 2009, an international consensus classified T. cruzi strains into six discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI to TcVI, later including TcBat, and proposed reproducible genotyping schemes for DTU identification. This article aims to review the impact of classifying T. cruzi strains into DTUs on our understanding of biological, ecoepidemio-logical, and pathogenic aspects of T. cruzi. We will explore the likely origin of DTUs and the intrinsic characteristics of each group of strains concerning genome organization, genomics, and suscepti-bility to drugs used in ChD treatment. We will also provide an overview of the association of DTUs with mammalian reservoirs, and summarize the geographic distribution, and the clinical implica-tions, of prevalent specific DTUs in ChD patients. Throughout this review, we will emphasize the crucial roles of both parasite and human genetics in defining ChD pathogenesis and chemotherapy outcome.
Development of a “Green” Emulsion with Milk Protein Hydrolysate: Evaluation of Rheology, Texture, In Vitro Bioactivity and Safety
Authors: Vukašinovic Mila , Pantelić Ivana , Savić Sanela , Cekić Nebojša , Vukašinović Sekulić Maja , Antić Stanković Jelena , Božić Dragana D. , Tošić Anđela , Tamburić Slobodanka , Savić Snežana
Published: November 2023

Bioactive peptides are promising cosmetic active ingredients that can improve skin health and appearance. They exhibit a broad spectrum of activity, including anti–ageing, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti–inflammatory. The aim of this study was to develop a safe, stable and efficacious environmentaly friendly ("green") emulsion using milk protein hydrolysate as a model active ingredient. Potential emulsions were formulated with biodegradable emollients, stabilised with a naturally-derived mixed emulsifier and prepared by cold process. They were evaluated for rheological behavior (continuous rotation and oscillation tests), physical stability (dynamic mechanical thermal analysis - DMTA test) and texture profiles, as well as for cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. Rheological characterization revealed shear-thinning flow behaviour with yield point from continuous rotation tests and predominantly elastic character from oscillation (amplitude and frequency sweep) tests, with small structural change detected in the DMTA test. These results implied satisfactory rheological properties and good stability. Texture analysis revealed acceptable spreadability and substantivity of the emulsions. The protein hydrolysate showed antioxidant activity. The developed emulsions showed low antibacterial activity against selected microorganisms, but this was due to the action of preservatives, not peptides. All potential emulsions showed desirable safety profile. The results obtained provide the basis for the next stage of formulation development, i.e. in vivo efficacy tests.
Shining a Light on Symbiosis: N-Fixing Bacteria Boost Legume Growth Under Varied Light Conditions
Authors: Pérez-Fernández María. , Lara-Del-Rey Irene Ariadna De , Magadlela Anathi
Published: November 2023

Legumes are a diverse and important group of plants that play a vital role in agriculture, food security, and environmental sustainability. Rhizobia are symbiotic bacteria that form nitrogen-fixing nodules on legume roots, providing the plant with a valuable source of nitrogen. Phenolic acids are a group of secondary metabolites produced by plants that have a wide range of biological functions, including defense against pests and diseases, tolerance to abiotic stresses, and nutrient uptake. In the context of climate change and the imperative for sustainable agriculture, this study delves into the dynamic responses of legume species to varying light intensities and their intricate interactions with soil microorganisms. We investigated the impact of light intensity and rhizobial inoculation on the biomass, nitrate reductase, acid phosphatase, and production of phenolic acids in the roots of four legume species, Trifolium repens, Vicia sativa, Ornithopus compressus, and Coronilla juncea. Plants were grown under three light intensity regimes (low, medium, and high) and inoculated with either rhizobia or a non-inoculated control. The results highlights that shaded-light-adapted species, T. repens and V. sativa, increased root exudate production when exposed to high light intensity. This response aligns with their mining strategy, effectively allocating resources to optimize nutrient acquisition under varying conditions. In contrast, species hailing from well- illuminated environments, O. compressus and C. juncea, displayed distinct strategies by significantly increasing biomass under high irradiance, capitalizing on the available light and nutrients. The mining strategy of legumes emerged as a central theme, influencing biomass production, nitrogen dynamics, and enzymatic activities. The strong correlations between biomass and total nitrogen accumulation underscore the role of the mining strategy in efficient nutrient acquisition. Inoculated plants, which rely more on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), exhibited lower δ15N values, indicative of a successful mining strategy to acquire and utilize atmospheric nitrogen. Enzymatic activities and phenolic acids exhibited significant interspecies variations, reflecting the adaptability of legumes to different light conditions. The findings of this study could be used to develop new strategies for improving legume stress tolerance, nutrient uptake capacity, and rhizosphere health.
The Role of Fulfilment and Disillusion in the Relationship Between Burnout and Career Satisfaction in Italian Healthcare Workers
Authors: Nonnis Marcello , Agus Mirian , Corona Francesca , Aru Nicola , Urban Antonio , Cortese Claudio Giovanni
Published: November 2023

Healthcare workers' stress, burnout, and job dissatisfaction were exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, whose mid-term negative effects are still present. The aim of this study was to investigate in healthcare workers the effect of the dimensions of burnout (Psychophysical exhaustion, Relational deterioration, and Professional inefficacy) on Career satisfaction. These relationships were evaluated by considering the direct and mediated effects of Disillusion. For these purposes, the Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ) and the Career Satisfaction Scale (Occupational Stress Indicator - OSI) were administered to 295 healthcare professionals working at three Italian public hospitals in Cagliari, Italy. The analyses were conducted using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) method. Findings highlight that healthcare workers were in a condition of work distress, high risk of burnout, and career dissatisfaction. Also recognized was the direct negative effect of burnout dimensions on career satisfaction. Finally, the mediated negative effect of Disillusion in the relationship between burnout and career satisfaction was identified. This study emphasizes the relevance of the dimension of Disillusion, and its “bright side” Fulfilment, in healthcare workers, specifically referring to the disregarded relationship between burnout and career satisfaction.
Complications and Retrieval of Forgotten Biliary Stents: A Clinical Insight
Authors: Sunkara Sreedevi , Katragadda Manoj Kumar , Motepalli Pandu Ranga Kumari , Naru Harinath Reddy , Sayana Suresh Babu , Kandimalla Ramesh
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Endoscopic biliary stenting is a widely utilized procedure in the realm of interventional gastroenterology, primarily employing plastic stents for short-term biliary drainage. This case series endeavours to investigate the occurrence and ensuing clinical ramifications of forgotten or retained biliary stents. Methods: Carried out over an 8-month duration at King George Hospital in Visakhapatnam, this case series encompasses 12 patients diagnosed with forgotten biliary stents. Diagnostic confirmation was established through a combination of X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Four patients experienced complications such as fractured distal pigtails and obstructed stents, thwarting retrieval efforts via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and cholangioscopy. Results: This case series featured 12 patients with a median age of 48 years (range: 18-76), comprising 7 females (58.3%) and 5 males (41.7%). The primary indication for initial stent placement was choledocholithiasis in 10 instances (83.3%), while benign biliary strictures accounted for 3 cases (25%). On average, patients presented 31.3 months post-initial stenting, primarily manifesting cholangitis symptoms (83.3%). ERCP succeeded in stent removal in 8 cases (66.6%), while the remaining cases necessitated advanced procedures such as cholangioscopy, with two patients being referred for surgical intervention. It is noteworthy that there were no instances of mortality. Conclusion: This case series, conducted against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, highlights an increased prevalence of neglected plastic biliary stents. The principal complication encountered was cholangitis, often coexisting with common bile duct (CBD) stones. Standard ERCP techniques demonstrated reduced efficacy in instances characterized by fractured, obstructed, or displaced stents, necessitating the exploration of alternative strategies like cholangioscopy or surgical intervention. This compilation of cases underscores the pressing imperative for prompt stent retrieval and the enhancement of management protocols to proactively mitigate the potential for complications.
Influence of Comorbidities on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Outcomes: Risk Prediction of Acute Exacerbations Using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (Cirs)
Authors: Di Raimondo Domenico , Pirera Edoardo , Pintus Chiara , De Rosa Riccardo , Profita Martina , Musiari Gaia , Siscaro Gherardo , Tuttolomondo Antonino
Published: November 2023

Background. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous systemic syn-drome that often coexists with multiple comorbidities. In high-complex COPD patients the role of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) as a risk predictor of COPD exacerbation is not known. Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the CIRS score in detecting the association of comorbidities and disease severity with the risk of acute exacerbations in COPD patients. Methods. 105 adults with COPD were included in this prospective study. All participants at baseline had at least 2 moderate exacerbations or 1 leading to hospitalization. The primary outcome was a composite of moderate or severe COPD exacerbation during 12-months follow-up. Results. CIRS indices (CIRS total score, Severity Index and Comorbidity Index) showed a positive correlation with mMRC, CAT and a negative correlation with FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC. The three CIRS indices were able to predict the 12-month rate of moderate or severe exacerbation (CIRS-Total Score: Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.12 (95% CI: 1.08-1.21); CIRS-Severity Index: HR = 1.21 (95% CI: 1.12-1-31); CIRS-Comorbidity Index = 1.58 (95% CI: 1.33-1.89)). Conclusions. Among patients with COPD, comorbidity number and severity, assessed by the CIRS score, influence the risk in moderate to severe exacerbations. The CIRS score also correlates with the severity of respiratory symptoms and lung function
Nb-Ta-Sn Oxides From Lithium-Beryllium-Tantalum Pegmatite Deposits of the Kolmozero-Voronja Belt, NW Russia: Implica-Tions for Tracing Ore-Forming Processes and Mineralization Signatures
Authors: Zozulya Dmitry , Morozova Lyudmila , Kullerud Kåre , Bazai Ayya
Published: November 2023

In this paper we present textural and compositional data for columbite group minerals (CGM) and associated Nb-Ta-Sn oxides from lithium-beryllium-tantalum pegmatite deposits of the Kolmozero-Voronja belt, NW Russia, with the aim of deciphering the above mentioned features for minerals from deposits with different mineral signatures and lithium ore grade. Minerals from four deposits, including two of world-class (Kolmozero and Polmostundra), are examined. It is shown that the main controlling factors are the diversity and rate of magmatic fractionation, hydrothermal overprint and mineral paragenesis followed from the specific geochemical signature of the different pegmatite deposits. CGM from Kolmozero include several mineral species (columbite-(Fe), columbite-(Mn), tantalite-(Fe), tantalite-(Mn)) showing large compositional variations, mainly controlled by Nb-Ta fractionation (Ta/(Ta+Nb) = 0.16-0.70; Mn/(Mn + Fe) = 0.45-0.63). Textural patterns are extremely various (oscillatory, homogeneous, patchy, spongy, somewhere with over-growing Ta-rich rims) and indicate the involvement of numerous magmatic and hydrothermal processes. The Polmostundra CGM are represented by columbite-(Fe) with Ta/(Ta+Nb) ranging from 0.05 to 0.39 with homogeneous, mottled, oscillatory, patchy and irregular reverse textures. The Okhmylk CGM are irregular normal, patchy and homogeneous columbite-(Fe) and columbite-(Mn) with Ta/(Ta+Nb) = 0.09-0.24 and Mn/(Mn + Fe) = 0.29-0.92, indicating the suppressed magmatic fractionation and iron drop due to precipitation of Fe minerals. Columbite-(Fe) and columbite-(Mn) from the Be-Ta Shongui deposit are less evolved with Ta/(Ta+Nb) = 0.07-0.23 and Mn/(Mn + Fe) = 0.31-0.55. The minerals are characterized by progressive normal, oscillatory, homogeneous and ir-regular reverse patterns. Associated pyrochlore minerals occur both as early magmatic (Kolmozero) and late hydrothermal (Polmostundra, Okhmylk). Cassiterite is found only in the Okhmylk dykes and is apparently of hydrothermal origin. CGM from Li pegmatites have impurities of Ti (0.01-0.05 apfu) and W (up to 0.02 apfu), whereas CGM from Be pegmatites contains elevated Ti (up to 0.09 apfu). The mineral systems analysis presented here is relevant for exploration.
Soil-Conscious Forestry and the Forbidden Apple
Authors: Zanella Augusto , Bernier Nicolas , Zampedri Roberto , Mei Giacomo , André Jean , Ponge Jean-François , Giannini Raffaello
Published: November 2023

We propose a silviculture with a purely biological logic that takes soil into account. The article is divided into three parts: 1) presentation of the issue in the context of biodiversity and forest pro-tection; 2) impact of the soil functioning on forestry; 3) possible implementation of soil functioning in forestry practice, to support and protect a non-or minimally anthropized evolution of the forest.
The first chapter illustrates the importance of the forest for the future of the planet and our human species, referring to recently published works on the topic of climate warming and biodiversity. The second illustrates the aspects that link soil dynamics to the silvogenetic cycle, focusing on the humipedon (organic and organo-mineral surface horizons, approximately the first 30 cm of forest soil), and more significant carbon storage in old forests since up to 2/3 is found in the soil. In the third chapter we consider the possibility of lengthening the forestry cycle, to allow the return of nutrients to the soil. Theoretical graphs and distribution models of the number of trees as a func-tion of diameter and age are reported, with examples of logging in uneven Alpine forests, with reference to Swiss fir-beech forests published on the Pro-Silva website.
Leishmania (Leishmania) Amazonensis Promastigotes With Distinct Virulence Profile and Their Extracellular Vesicles Differently Modulate the Macrophage Functions
Authors: Zauli Rogeria Cristina , Perez Isabelle Carlos de Souza , Morais Aline Correia Costa , Ciaccio Ana Carolina , Vidal Andrey Sladkevicius , Soares Rodrigo Pedro , Torrecilhas Ana Claudia , Batista Wagner Luiz , Xander Patricia
Published: November 2023

Leishmania spp. is the aetiologic agent of leishmaniasis, a disease endemic in several developing countries. The parasite expresses and secretes several virulence factors that subvert macrophage function and immune response. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry molecules of the parasites that show immunomodulatory effects on macrophage activation and disease progression. In the present work, we detected a significantly higher expression of lpg3 and gp63 genes in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes recovered after successive experimental infections (IVD-P) compared to those cultured for a long period (LT-P). In addition, we observed a significantly higher percentage of infection and internalized parasites in groups of macrophages infected with IVD-P. Macrophages previously treated with EVs from LT-P showed higher percentages of infection and production of inflammatory cytokines after challenge with the parasite compared to untreated ones. However, macrophages infected with parasites and treated with EVs did not reduce the parasite load. In addition, no synergistic effects were observed in infected macrophages treated with EVs and reference drugs. In conclusion, parasites cultured for a long period in vitro and recovered from animals’ infection differently affect the macrophage response. Furthermore, EVs produced by these parasites affected macrophage response in the early infection of these cells.
S4A-NET: Deep Learning-Based Intelligent Object Detection with Cat-egorization and Localization
Authors: ALLAK ATHRAA SABEEH , YI JIAN JUN , SABBAGH HAIDER M. , CHEN LIWEI
Published: November 2023

Currently, machine learning is dominant in feature extraction and classification tasks, and it has even experienced fierce competition with deep learning. Deep learning, with its high ac-curacy, has attracted the attention of researchers and developers, surpassing previously esti-mated machine learning techniques, especially in the field of computer vision. This has been proven through modern scientific research. Not only has deep learning outperformed machine learning in addressing feature extraction and classification challenges, it has also demon-strated its advantages in guiding neural networks to recognize visual images using the same images. To achieve these capabilities, deep learning models have gradually grown in size and complexity, enabling them to take on more responsibility. In the field of object detection. The current research proposal introduces a convolutional neural network CNN model called S4ANET. This network aims to push the boundaries of neural-network models by imple-menting several advancements. One of its main focuses is to refine the loss function within the CNN. The newly designed loss function exhibits enhanced adaptability and rationality compared with its predecessor, effectively reducing network errors. Moreover, the research project emphasizes the incorporation of transfer learning, which is a critical aspect. By lever-aging predefined weights, the knowledge gained can be preserved and utilized for subse-quent training, resulting in reduced time and resources dedicated to the calculations. The re-sults unequivocally supported these goals and motivations. Experiments conducted on vari-ous COCO datasets demonstrated that the proposed methodology achieves significant im-provements in terms of accuracy and precision of up to 99%. Building upon the foundation of 1D CNN, the proposed deep learning model has made remarkable progress in object detec-tion and classification, becoming a major method in the field.
Low-Cost, Open-Source Device for Simultaneously Subjecting Rodents to Different Circadian Cycles of Light, Food, and Temperature
Authors: Farré Ramon , Rodríguez-Lázaro Miguel A. , Otero Jorge , Gavara Núria , Sunyer Raimon , Farré Nuria , Gozal David , Almendros Isaac
Published: November 2023

Exposure of experimental rodents to controlled cycles of light, food, and temperature is important when investigating alterations in circadian cycles that profoundly influence health and disease. However, applying such stimuli simultaneously is difficult in practice. Our aim was to design, build, test, and open-source describe a simple device that subjects a conventional mouse cage to independent cycles of physiologically relevant environmental variables. The device is based on a box enclosing the rodent cage to modify the light, feeding, and temperature environments. The device provides temperature-controlled air conditioning (heating or cooling) by a Peltier module and includes programmable feeding and illumination. All functions are set by a user-friendly front panel for independent cycle programming. Bench testing with a model simulating the CO2 production of mice in the cage showed: a) suitable air renewal (by measuring actual ambient CO2), b) controlled realistic illumination at the mouse enclosure (measured by a photometer), c) stable temperature control, and d) correct cycling of light, feeding, and temperature. The cost of all the supplies (retail purchased by e-commerce) was < 300 US$). Detailed technical information is open-source provided, allowing for any user to reliably reproduce or modify the device. This approach can considerably facilitate circadian research since using one of the described low-cost devices for any mouse group with a given light-food-temperature paradigm allows for all the experiments to be performed simultaneously, thereby requiring no changes in the light/temperature of a general-use laboratory.
Novel Hematological Parameters in the Assessment of the Extent of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices- Related Infections
Authors: Polewczyk Maciej , Jacheć Wojciech , Szczęśniak-Stańczyk Dorota , Polewczyk Anna , Tomaszewski Andrzej , Brzozowski Wojciech , Nowosielecka Dorota , Kutarski Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Background: Patients with infectious complications related to the presence of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) constitute a heterogeneous group, including local pocket infection (PI) and lead related infectious endocarditis (LRIE). The diagnosis of CIED-related infection is often difficult and requires complex imaging and microbiological tests. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the usefulness of new simple hematological parameters in detecting infectious complications in patients with CIED and assessing their extent.
Methods: The retrospective analysis of clinical data of 2909 patients (36.37% with CIED-related infections), undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE) procedures in three high-volume centres in the years 2006-2020, was conducted. The sensitivity and specificity of new hematological markers were evaluated: the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil to platelet ratio (NPR), and lymphocyte to platelet ratio (LPR) in the diagnosis of infectious complications, assessment of the spread of the infectious process and differentiation of additional structures related to the presence of leads.
Results: In patients with CIED infections, compared to the non-infectious group, high inflammatory parameters were confirmed, and the highest specificity of the new markers in detecting the infectious process was demonstrated. (79.47% for NPR and 72.82% for NLR). Analysis of laboratory parameters in infectious and non-infectious patients with the presence of additional lead-related masses showed the highest specificity of NPR (82,78%) in predicting the diagnosis of vegetation. Comparison of laboratory parameters in patients with LRIE and PI showed higher NLR % (4.24 vs 2.56; p<0.001, area under curve (AUC) in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve: 0.67 and 0.78 respectively) and higher NPR (0.03 vs 0.02; p<0.001; AUC: 0,51 and 0,55) in patients with LRIE. The highest sensitivity in the detection of coexistence LRIE with PI has been demonstrated for NLR (87.33%).
Conclusions: Novel hematological markers may be helpful in the recognition of the inflammatory process in patients with CIED, differentiation of vegetation and vegetation-like masses, and the extent of infection in patients with PI.
Optimization of Roof Photovoltaic Design for Industrial Plants Based on MIV-BP Neural Network
Authors: Huang Yunfeng , Huang Qi , Wu Weidong , Ye Peng , Li Hao , Yan Qixiang
Published: November 2023

The study aims to analyze the characteristic parameters of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) power generation on industrial plant buildings in the Ningxia region of China, in order to evaluate the impact of passive design characteristic parameters on the benefits of PV power generation and determine the degree of impact of different passive design characteristic parameters. The methodology involves analyzing the characteristics of existing industrial plant buildings in Ningxia, China, and conducting a series of regional studies on the parameters of plant PV power generation influencing factors. The simulation results revealed that five features, including roof form, PV panel laying pattern, PV panel laying area, azimuth angle, and PV module material, have a significant impact on PV power generation benefits of industrial plant buildings.The study further uses MATLAB 2022b to build a backpropagation neural network model with 5 neurons in the implicit layer to predict the PV power generation benefits. The model calculates the whole-life cycle power generation benefits and the whole-life cycle reduction of carbon emissions as output data. Finally, the Mean Impact Value (MIV) method is employed to select the feature parameter values one by one within their range, and the passive design feature parameters that have the greatest influence on the prediction results are identified as the PV panel laying method, the PV panel tilt angle, and the PV material parameters, respectively.
Timber-Based Strategies for Seismic Collapse Prevention and Energy Performance Improvement in Masonry Buildings
Authors: Cassol Davide , Danovska Maja , Prada Alessandro , Giongo And Ivan
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the effectiveness of a range of timber-based solutions for seismic and energy retrofitting of existing masonry buildings. These solutions are designed not only to prevent structural collapse during earthquakes but also to create integrated interventions that enhance thermo-physical performance and reduce emissions in existing buildings. Various case scenarios were considered and both mechanical and energetic behavior post-intervention were evaluated. Timber-engineered products serve as foundational components for the retrofit approach, encompassing one-dimensional vertical elements (strong-backs) and various types of panels (cross-laminated timber panels, laminated veneer lumber panels, and oriented strand board panels). The analyzed retrofit techniques share a common principle, involving the attachment of these timber-based elements to the building's wall surfaces through mechanical point-to-point connections. The proposed solutions integrate strong-backs and timber panels with membranes and insulation layers, yielding cohesive and highly effective interventions. Finite element modeling was employed to analyze the mechanical and thermal responses of the retrofitted walls. A comprehensive comparative analysis of various techniques was conducted to determine the most effective solution for each specific scenario.
The Long-term Effects of Improving the Motor Neural Transmission Verified with Clinical Neurophysiology Methods in Patients with Surgically Treated Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Daroszewski Przemysław , Huber Juliusz , Kaczmarek Katarzyna , Janusz Piotr , Główka Paweł , Tomaszewski Marek , Kubaszewski Łukasz , Dąbrowski Mikołaj , Kotwicki Tomasz
Published: November 2023

Evaluation of the patients after the surgical correction of idiopathic scoliosis in long-term follow-up the clinical neurophysiology methods has not been presented in detail. This study aimed to compare the results of the neurophysiological studies in 45 girls with scoliosis of Lenke 1-3 types performed pre- (T0), postoperatively (T1, one week after surgery), and 6 months after the surgery (T2). Parameters of surface electromyography during the attempt of maximal contraction (mcsEMG) and transcranially evoked motor evoked potentials (MEP) recorded from anterior tibial muscles, as well as the electroneurography (ENG) of peripheral transmission in the peroneal nerve motor fibers were compared. The results indicate that efferent neural conduction function both centrally and peripherally as well as TA muscle function improve immediately after surgical correction of scoliosis (at p=0.05) and further normalization appears after six months in long-term follow-up (at p=0.03). It has been found in sEMG recordings, that the TA muscle motor unit recruitment function after half a year from surgical treatment in IS patients is comparable to the normal condition. ENG recordings indicated the gradual retreat of the symptoms of motor fibers injury mainly the axonal type in peroneal nerves, the surgeries improved also the lumbar ventral roots’ neural transmission to the functional status considered normal. MEPs amplitude parameters recorded after the surgical scoliosis correction in T1 indicated a slight improvement in the efferent transmission of neural impulses within the fibers of the spinal tracts; in long-lasting T2 observation, they reached values comparable to those recorded in healthy volunteers bilaterally. Preoperatively (T0) the results of all neurophysiological study parameters in IS patients were asymmetrical at p=0.036-0.05 and recorded as worse on the concave side, suggesting the lateralization of neurological motor deficits. One week postoperatively (T1), this asymmetry was recorded as gradually reduced, showing almost no difference between the right and left sides six months later (T2). The presented algorithm of the diagnostic proceeding pre-, early post- and long-lasting postoperatively using mcsEMG, MEP, and ENG neurophysiological examinations can be significant not only in making the final decision regarding surgical treatment and its personalization but also helps in precise ascertaining its effects as well as in predicting the final result of IS treatment.
Quantum Applications of an Atomic Ensemble Inside a Laser Cavity
Authors: Shuker Reuben , Ben Amar Baranga Andrei , Levron David , Koganov Gennady A , Bialolenker Gabriel
Published: November 2023

Many quantum devices signals are proportional to the number of the participating atoms that take part in the detection devices. Among these are optical magnetometers, atomic clocks, and atoms interferometers. One way to enhance the signal to noise ratio is to introduce atoms entanglement that increases the signal in a super-radiant like effect. An initial novel experiment to test the realization of atoms correlation is described here. A Cs optical magnetometer is used as a tool to test the operation of a cell-in-cavity laser and its characteristics. A vapor cell is inserted in-to an elongated external cavity of the pump laser in Littrow configuration. Higher atom polarization and reduced laser linewidth are obtained leading to better magnetometer sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The Larmor frequency changes of the Free Induction Decay of optically pumped Cs atomic polarization in ambient earth magnetic field at room temperature is measured. Temporal changes in the magnetic field of less than 10 pT/Hz are measured. The first order dependence of the magnetic field on temperature and temperature gradients is eliminated, important in many practical applications. Single and gradiometric magnetometer con-figurations are presented.
Ising Ladder with Four-Spin Plaquette Interaction in a Transverse Magnetic Field
Authors: Plascak Joao , Nunes Maria Eugenia , Lima Francisco Welington
Published: November 2023

The spin-1/2 quantum transverse Ising model, defined on a ladder structure, with nearest-neighbor and four-spin interaction on a plaquette, is studied by using exact diagonalization and finite-size-scaling procedures. The quantum phase transition between the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases has been obtained in the thermodynamic limit. The critical transverse field decreases as the antiferromagnetic four-spin interaction increases, and reaches a multicritical point. However, the exact diagonalization approach was not able to capture the essence of the dimer phase beyond the multicritical transition.
Using Linear Regression to Reduce Measurement Errors for Electric Power
Authors: Oancea Constantin-Daniel
Published: November 2023

Although data acquisition is a very usual technique, there are several aspects not always considered, as synchronization of acquired measures and evaluation of the errors that derive from this fact. The paper hereby aims to point this thing out, by mathematical determination of the necessary correction and implementing the software meant to evaluate the performances of the acquisition system. As an example, a three-phased acquisition system has been developed in order to monitor the currents and voltages on the three phases. Also other measures have been calculated, such as power and phase. The components on each phase don’t have to be fully identified because a whole system calibration can be made in the first stage. Calibration consists in finding the weighting coefficients for each quantity. The implemented solution for three-phased measures data acquisition starts from the hypothesis of a sampling frequency that respects Shannon theorem. The distance between two samples is small enough to consider a linear evolution between two moments for the same measure. Errors that affect the above mentioned, due to the different moments of time when samples are acquired, are analyzed and brought to the minimum value.
Exploring the Potential Links Between Gut Bacteria-Related Metabolites and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Alobaidi Larsa , Ward Jessica L , Allenspach Karin , Mochel Jonathan P
Published: November 2023

This mini-review examines the complex relationship between the gut microbiota and human health, with a special focus on its role in conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It explores how dietary patterns can affect the composition of the gut microbiota, thus contributing to the development of various diseases. The gut microbiota is crucial in the production of metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), which play a significant role in the development of both IBD and CVD. High levels of TMAO and other metabolites, such as phenylacetylglutamine, have been linked to an increased risk of CVD. The review highlights the potential of dietary interventions and therapies designed to modulate the gut microbiota in reducing these risks. Following a Mediterranean diet may offer cardiovascular protection, emphasizing the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms of diet-related changes in the microbiota.
Microbial, Physicochemical Profile and Sensory Perception of Dry Aged Beef Quality and Safety: A Portuguese Preliminary Contribution for the Dry Ageing Process Validation
Authors: Ribeiro Ana , Oliveira Irene , Soares Kamila , Silva Filipe , Teixeira Paula , Saraiva Cristina
Published: November 2023

Beef dry aging consist in a selection of unpackaged primal cuts that are placed in a refrigerator room with controlled environment for several weeks. The goals are the concentration of flavor, like nutty and beefy and tenderness improvement. In this study it was intended verify the microbiological and physicochemical behavior and the meat sensorial perception during a process example of meat dry aging. Twelve beef loins were selected for 90 days of dry aging and placed in a refrigerator room with average temperature, relative humidity and forced air 3.17 ± 0.68 °C, 60.65 ± 4.23 % and 0.5-2 m/s, respectively. On 1, 14, 21, 35, 60 and 90 days of dry aging, were taken two samples, crust and lean meat for microbiological counts, pH, aw, color L*a*b* and sensorial analysis. During drying, there weren´t any pathogenic bacteria counts and the average counts were higher for the crust. The aw and pH had an average of 0.98 ± 0.02 and 5.77± 0.015, with a slightly decrease and increase respectively (P<0.05) along aging days. The dry aging process practices, with room refrigeration at RH<65.00% and temperature <4.00 °C can be the reason for aw<0.98 and meat pH<6.00 and therefore for the absence of pathogenic bacteria. The lower microbial counts on the lean meat and the overall acceptability assessed by the sensory panel confirm the importance of the good trimming and storage practices for the dry aged beef.
Dose Optimization and Evaluation of Image Quality in Adult Brain Protocol of Multislice Computed Tomography: A Phantom Study
Authors: Prabsattroo Thawatchai , Wachirasirikul Kanokpat , Tansangworn Prasit , Punikhom Puengjai , Sudchai Waraporn
Published: November 2023

Background: Computed tomography examinations have produced high radiation doses to patients, especially the CT brain. This study aimed to optimize the radiation dose and image quality in adult CT brain protocol. Materials and Methods: Images were acquired by Catphan 700 phantom. Radiation doses were recorded as CTDIvol and dose length product (DLP). CT brain protocols were optimized by varying parameters such as kVp, mAs, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level, and Clearview iterative reconstruction (IR). Image quality were also evaluataion by The AutoQA Plus software. Results: CT Number accuracy and linearity had a robust positive correlation with the linear attenuation coefficient (µ) and showed more inaccurate CT numbers when using 80 kVp. MTF showed a higher value in 100 and 120 kVp protocols, while high contrast spatial resolution showed a higher value in 80 and 100 kVp protocols. Low contrast detectability and CNR tended to increase when using high mAs, SNR and Clearview IR protocol. Noise decreased when using a high radiation dose and a high percentage of Clearview IR. CTDIvol and DLP were increased with increasing kVp, mAs, and SNR levels, while the increasing percentage of Clearview did not affect the radiation dose. Conclusion: Optimized protocols, including radiation dose and image quality, should be evaluated to preserve diagnostic capability. The recommended parameter settings include kVp set between 100-120 kVp, mAs ranging from 200-300 mAs, SNR level within the range of 0.7-1.0, and an iterative reconstruction value of 30% Clearview to 60% or higher.
Chronic Non-bacterial Osteomyelitis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Tzaneti Ariadni , Athanasopoulou Elli , Fessatou Smaragdi , Fotis Lampros
Published: November 2023

Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), also known as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), is a rare autoinflammatory bone disease primarily affecting children and adolescents. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between CNO and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), shedding light on shared pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management. A thorough literature review was conducted, encompassing 24 case reports involving 40 patients. The demographic distribution of patients revealed a near-equal gender ratio, with a median age of diagnosis at 12 years. The diagnosis patterns showed a higher proportion of CNO as the initial diagnosis, while Crohn's disease was more prevalent than ulcerative colitis. The time interval between the clinical presentations varied, ranging from simultaneous detection to a substantial 15-year gap. Treatment modalities included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, aminosalicylates, and biologic agents, such as infliximab, often overlapping in their use, suggesting shared pathophysiological pathways. Both conditions displayed systemic manifestations, and patients often responded well to immunosuppressive medications. The pathophysiology of CNO involves genetic predisposition, cytokine dysregulation, and osteoclast activation. Dysregulated innate immunity results in immune cell infiltration into bones, causing sterile bone lesions. Notably, emerging evidence hints at a potential link between the microbiome and CNO. In contrast, IBD results from imbalanced mucosal immune responses to the intestinal microbiota. Polymorphisms in the promotor region of IL-10, common cytokines, immune cells, and genetic markers indicate shared immunological and genetic factors between CNO and IBD. Both conditions also involve extraintestinal symptoms. This analysis underscores the need for clinical awareness of the co-occurrence of CNO and IBD, especially among pediatric patients. A deepened understanding of the connections between these seemingly distinct diseases could lead to more effective management and improved patient outcomes.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of LaMnO3 Nanoparticles by Ca/Sr Doping
Authors: Zheng Jun-han , Zhao Hong-Quan , Guo Xu , Jin Xiao-Yun , Wang Lei , Dong Songtao , Chen Jian
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the sol−gel method was used to synthesize powders of LaMnO3 (LMO), La0.85Ca0.15MnO3 (LCM), and La0.85Sr0.15MnO3 (LSM). We investigated the impact of substituting Ca and Sr at the A−site on the perovskite crystal structure and electrochemical capabilities of LMO. LCM retained its orthogonal structure in comparison to the parent LMO components, whereas LSM transitioned to a rhombic structure. At 0.5 A/g, the specific capacitance of LCM and LSM electrodes is 185.5 F/g and 248 F/g, respectively.The specific capacitance of LCM was more three times than that of the LMO electrode. Among the three samples (LMO, 22.25 m2 g−1; LSM, 31.56 m2 g−1), the LCM sample exhibited the highest specific surface area of 38.79 m2 g−1. The charge transfer resistances of the LMO, LCM, and LSM are 0.48 Ω, 0.36 Ω, and 0.38 Ω, correspondingly. The LCM electrode exhibits the greatest capacitance performance due to its more refined morphology, increased concentration of oxygen vacancy, and more complete utilization of the perovskite bulk structure. The above results demonstrate that Ca or Sr substitution of A−site compounds has great potential for supercapacitor applications.