bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Undergraduate Students in Ahmadu Bello University, Main Campus, Samaru, Zaria.
Authors: Jibril H.I , Tukur M B , Danlami S
Published: September 2022

Background: Worldwide, over a million people acquire a sexually transmitted infection (STI) daily. Young individuals of 16-24years age group are more prone to STIs because they lack adequate knowledge about STIs and tend to have wrong perceptions towards sex. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards sexually transmitted diseases among undergraduate students of ABU main campus, Samaru, Zaria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used, in which 440 questionnaires were administered for the study among which 411(93%) were retrieved and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Results: Results obtained showed that 77% of the respondents had good knowledge, attitudes of the respondents were found to be positive with an aggregate mean of 4.12 and 67% uses a condom for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Conclusion: From the findings of the study, it was concluded that undergraduate students in Ahmadu Bello University Zaria had good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good preventive practices towards sexually transmitted diseases.
Intelligent rule-based system for diagnosing eye diseases
Authors: Kobani E.S. , Okengwu U.A.
Published: September 2022

This topic presents the development of an intelligent rule-based system for diagnosing multiple Eye diseases. The motivation behind this work was due to the inflexibility of the existing systems that are only able to diagnose a single type of eye disease. An expert system like the CASNET/GLAUCOMA or PADI-HAA was used to diagnose glaucoma. The stages used to develop our system includes modelling, Knowledge representation, Knowledge acquisition, Inference and System evaluation. This system was developed using HTML, CSS and JavaScript for the frontend and Node.JS for the backend. This system can diagnose eleven different eye diseases thereby solving the issue of the inflexibility of other expert systems.
Investigation of Hibiscus sabdariffa as a new eco-friendly photo-larvicidal natural product for the control of mosquitoes
Authors: Ugboaja T.A. , Ndukwe G.I. , Fekerurhobo G.K.
Published: September 2022

The Culex spp. is a vector of several disease-causing organisms including filarial parasites, encephalitis virus and the West Nile Virus; the control of these diseases is hinged on controlling the vector. Synthetic insecticides have previously been applied in the control of Culex spp. which poses a danger to the environment. In the present research, the use of light and a naturally occurring product, methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces (HSME), in controlling the breeding and spread of Culex tritaeniorhynochus was investigated. Third instar larvae of C. tritaeniorhynochus were fed with HSME and exposed to light for 18 hours. Results indicate over 80% mortality of the test sample with LC50 of 528.44 ppm; also increase in percentage mortality with corresponding increase in HSME concentration and longer irradiation time was established. The trend observed in light reactions was not seen in the control and dark reactions, implying that the presence of light and the photosensitizer (HSME) is required to induce mortality in Culex tritaeniorhynochus larvae population.
Impacts of functional groups on the intermolecular forces of attraction in animal glue obtained from the femur bones of cow (Bos taurus)
Authors: Chikwe T.N. , Duru R.U.
Published: September 2022

Functional groups in samples obtained from the femur bone of Cow (Bos taurus) were determined using Shidmazu Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) – 8300 spectroscopy. The bones were crushed, washed properly with warm water and immersed in lime solution for three days. Samples were then treated with dilute 20% hydrochloric acid (to release the collagen in the bone) dried and crushed to a particle size of 0.02 mm. Results obtained from FT-IR analyses shows the presence of alcohol, alkyne, carboxylic acid, phosphate, 1,3 disubstituted aromatics and haloalkanes at wavelength ranges of 3550 – 3200 cm-1, 2360 – 2014 cm-1, 1420 – 1320 cm-1, 1099 – 1039 cm-1, 970 – 890 cm-1 and 705 – 550 cm-1 respectively. The presence of functional groups with highly electronegative atoms such as two, three and four oxygen atoms in carboxylic acid, anhydrides and phosphates respectively in addition to the presence of halogens in haloalkanes and multiple bonds in alkyne, nitrile and alkenes increases the polarizability of the compounds thereby strengthening the weak intermolecular forces of attraction such as hydrogen bond and Van der Waal forces of the adhesive molecules which ultimately increases the adhesive strength and the force of cohesion of the animal glue produced.
The study of multidrug resistant bacteria from locally produced tiger nut drinks (Kunuaya) sold in Minna, Niger State
Authors: Oyedum U.M. , Agbala J.
Published: September 2022

The predominance of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria among the populace, edible foods and drinks is fast becoming the major concern in most communities. Three (3) locally prepared drinks from three locations were aseptically collected and transported to the Microbiology Laboratory of Federal University of Technology, Minna. Samples were serially diluted and were inoculated on various media through the spread plate method. The bacterial isolates were identified based on their Gram reaction and other biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out for the bacterial isolates using the disc diffusion method on Muller hinton agar. The result revealed that out of all the locally prepared drinks sampled tiger-nut drink (Kunuaya) (3.9 x103) from Federal University of Technology, Minna, Bosso campus had the highest microbial count. Various bacterial pathogens were isolated and identified with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp having the highest frequency of occurrence (25%).The antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that all bacterial isolates were Multidrug resistant and as such are a great threat to the health of the general public especially the regular consumers of these locally prepared drinks. Hence, there is a need for adequate and continuous surveillance by food regulatory bodies in Nigeria, to curtail the spread and infections associated with Multidrug resistant bacteria.
Analysis of GNSS baseline solutions in Ghana
Authors: Abukari1 Osman Mohammed , Acheampong Akwasi Afrifa , Fosu Collins
Published: September 2022

Accuracy is highly desired in all geodetic and mapping projects. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) has many positioning capabilities which can produce the desired accuracies needed for establishing Ground Control Points (GCPs). However accuracy of positioning results from GNSS survey routines are influenced by session duration and baseline length. This study is targeted at determining optimum observation times for specific baseline lengths for GCP fixing and densification in Ghana. The study used four ground stations in Accra, Kumasi, Assin-Fosu and Sunyani. Each station was occupied for a total of four hours on three different days and the data were later split into various time segments to obtain different data sets. Using the Kumasi station as base, each of the baselines was processed three times for each of 3-day 4-hour observation sessions and the mean results accepted as the ‘true’ position values. Repeatability tests were carried out on the computed baselines and the ratios ranged between 1:1,141,100 and 1:4,918,000. All comparisons were based on the true position values. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and accuracies were computed from the differences. A plot of the RMSE against time showed that accuracy of positions continued to improve but after 50 minutes of observation there was no significant improvement in the accuracy of measured baselines. This study therefore set 50 minutes as the optimum duration for GNSS baselines up to 195km when using geodetic grade GNSS receivers in differential mode to establish GCPs.
Urban heat island analysis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kabanda Tabaro H , Kabanda Tibangayuka A
Published: September 2022

neighbouring countryside. In this study, UHI intensity is assessed using Landsat 8 data in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. An ERDAS Imagine algorithm is used to acquire the land surface temperature (LST) from Landsat 8 data. The association of LST and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as well as the normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) is also assessed. The outcome of the study shows that the influence of UHI in Dar es Salaam is situated mainly in built-up areas compared to the surrounding rural areas. The negative association of LST and NDVI shows that greenery can reduce the development of a UHI, while the positive association of LST and NDBI indicate that built-up areas can enhance the formation of UHI.
Groundwater vulnerability mapping of Witbank coalfield in South Africa using deep learning artificial neural networks
Authors: Sakala Emmanuel , Fourie Francois , Gomo Modreck , Coetzee Henk
Published: September 2022

This study highlights the usage of deep learning artificial neural networks in the assessment of groundwater vulnerability of a coalfield. The network uses the DRIST model with parameters (depth to water level, recharge, impact of the vadose zone, soils and topographic slope) as training inputs and borehole sulphate concentration as training output. This technique was applied to Witbank coalfield, where acid mine drainage emanating from coal mining operations is a huge concern for surrounding environment and groundwater resources. The generated groundwater vulnerability model was validated with another sulphate dataset not used during model training. The deep neural network model with dropout and decaying learning rate regularisers correlated very well with sulphate data from another source as compared to the index and overlay DRIST model. The approach, differentiated areas in terms of vulnerability to acid mine drainage, which can aid policy, and decision makers to make scientifically informed decisions on land use planning. The approach developed in this research can be applied to other coalfields in order to evaluate its robustness to different hydrogeological and geological conditions.
Spatio-temporal assessment of changing land surface temperature and depleting water in the Lake Chad area
Authors: Nwilo P.C. , Umar A.A. , Adepoju M.O. , Okolie C.J.
Published: September 2022

Lake Chad is located at the south of the Sahara Desert in an arid region. The lake’s water resources are under severe pressure due to the basic needs of the growing population around the lake, global warming, and increasing irrigation demands. Numerous land cover change studies have measured the rate of depletion of the lake’s surface water. However, the contribution of the increasing high temperatures in the region which is also a compounding factor has received little attention. In this study, an assessment of the changes in surface water extent of Lake Chad from 1973-2017 was carried out through a land cover analysis. The potential influence of the rising land surface temperatures on the water losses was also studied. The extraction of the land cover was done using maximum likelihood classification. The results show that between 1973 and 1987, the lake lost 12,796.81km2 of its surface water area. This period coincided with a season of drought and dry seasons reported to have occurred in the lake’s area during the 1970s. Between 1987 and 2003, average temperature rise and change in surface water area was +1.54˚C and +962.71km2 respectively. Between 2003 and 2017, average temperature rise and change in surface water area was +3.69˚C and -25.17km2 respectively. These results provide further evidence of the alarming rate of water loss in the lake’s environment, and suggest a link between rising land surface temperatures and diminution of the lake’s water. The findings inform efforts directed at addressing the ecological problem facing the lake.
Topographic influence on Terminalia species diversity in Oluwa forest reserve, Ondo State (Nigeria)
Authors: Inoussa Toko Mouhamadou , Oladejo Sunday Olukayode , Obayelu Stephen Igbekele
Published: September 2022

Most natural forests throughout the world have been destroyed and converted to human land uses to meet the ever growing demands for resources while the remaining forest landscapes consequently have a mosaic of human-modified land areas such as urban, agricultural, and plantation lands. Forest and forest products provide myriad of economic, financial and health importance. The threat to the rainforest compelled the establishment of forest reserves with the introduction of exotic tree species. The Oluwa forest is located between latitudes 6º37’ and 7 º20’ north and longitudes 4 º27’ and 5º05’ east in Ondo state, Nigeria. Species richness and abundance data are crucial for conservation priority setting, and long-term vegetation monitoring. Few studies have been carried out on the composition of Terminalia spp, diversity and richness in the institutional-based landuse. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of topography on Terminalia species diversity for conservation purpose. Complete enumeration of the Natural forest was carried out to determine the varieties of Terminalia species in the study site. In all, two variety, Terminalia, superba and Terminalia ivorensis were identified. GPS coordinate their locations was overlaid on Elevation, Slope, Aspect and Hillshad. The area with low elevation, and low slope, high hillshade, and the west aspect showed maximum species abundance. The Shannon diversity index of Terminalia species was calculated and the result implies that the diversity/abundance is low in the study site. It was observed that the spatial distribution and relative abundance of these species was influenced by topographic factors. Despite the limited range of altitudinal variation (399 m), species richness increases with elevation. This work has provided evidence of variability in Terminalia species composition, richness and diversity across the topographic gradient. The information could be crucial for monitoring and providing conservative measure for management of species sustainability. A future study would be required to isolate proximate factors of tree species distribution.
Modelling forest species using LiDar-derived metrics of forest canopy gaps
Authors: Lombard Leighton , Ismail Riyad , Poona Nitesh K
Published: September 2022

LiDAR intensity and texture features have reported high accuracies for discriminating forest species, particularly with the utility of the random forest (RF) algorithm. To date, limited studies has utilized LiDAR-derived forest gap information to assist in forest species discrimination. In this study, LiDAR intensity and texture features were extracted from forest canopy gaps to discriminate Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus dunnii within a forest plantation. Additionally, LiDAR intensity and texture information was extracted for both canopy gaps and forest canopy and utilized for species discrimination. Using LiDAR intensity and texture information extracted for both canopy gap and forest canopy, resulted in a model accuracy of 94.74% (KHAT = 0.88). Using only canopy gap information, the RF model obtained an overall accuracy of 90.91% (KHAT = 0.81). The results highlight the potential for using canopy gap information for commercial species discrimination and mapping.
Water quality and influence of interpolation procedure on visualization of selected parameters in a headwater stream, in Ayepe-Olode, southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Eludoyin Adebayo Oluwole , Ijisesan Omobolanle Stella
Published: September 2022

Data interpolation – construction of new data points within range of a discrete set of known data point – is an important modeling activity in geographical studies. In this study, three commonly applied interpolation methods (nearest point, kriging and moving average) were examined in an assessment of the varying dispersion of selected physical and chemical parameters of stream-borne effluents from palm oil processing area in a growing commercial centre in Ife South local government area in Nigeria. Specific objectives were to examine selected physiochemical properties of a stream that receives palm oil effluent, and compare results of a kriging interpolation using derived variogram values with that which was based on the accepted parametric default in a popular geographical information system. The study also presents visualised results of interpolation of selected parameters based on ordinary kriging, moving average and nearest point interpolation. Analysis were achieved using PAST 3 and ILWIS GIS software. Result showed that although the stream is vulnerable to contamination by the palm oil processing activities around the area, it also receives contaminants from other non-source points that were not investigated in this study. It also indicated that the different point interpolation methods did not produce similar results. Whereas the values of conductivity were interpolated to vary as 120.1 – 219.5 μScm-1 with kriging interpolation, it varied as 105.6 – 220.0 μScm-1 and 135.0 – 173.9 μScm-1, with nearest point and moving average interpolations, respectively. Also, whereas the computed variogram model produced the best fit lines with Gaussian model, the Spherical model was assumed default for all the distributions in selected GIS software, such that the value of Nugget was assumed as 0.00, when it actually varies with data locations distribution. Conclusively, procedure of estimating spatial variation always produce results that are influenced by data distribution and model assumptions, and as such the data characteristics rather than GIS software’s defaults are appropriate for consideration in geospatial evaluation.
3D Evaluation of fine-scale normalised DSMs in urban settings
Authors: Breytenbach Andrè
Published: September 2022

Humankind often needs to accurately model, identify and spatially quantify aboveground phenomena on the Earth’s surface for informed decision-making. Height data derived from digital elevation models (DEMs) is often used to achieve this. This study conducted a deterministic assessment of three normalised digital surface models (nDSMs) of different spatial resolutions, namely 2m, 4m and 12m, derived from VHR digital stereo aerial photography, tri-stereo Pléiades imagery and Tandem-X InSAR data, respectively. Covering a predominantly built-up area within a city landscape, the nDSMs were vertically and volumetrically compared to assess their quality and fit-for-use. In each case a consistent systematic evaluation was accomplished against a lidar derived reference surface at matching spatial resolutions (co-registered) using a semi-automated GIS routine. The relative height and volumetric errors were statistically analysed and described, including those computed individually over nine urban land cover/land use (LCLU) classes and several selected large buildings. Higher vertical accuracies were reported across single storey structures and areas with no to little or short vegetation, as apposed to substantially lower accuracies obtained over multi-levelled buildings and tall (dense) woody vegetation. Here significant underestimations of volumes exacerbated by lower spatial resolutions were also observed across each nDSM. Conversely, notable volume overestimations were found over predominantly grass-covered areas in especially the finer-scaled nDSMs. VHR elevation data is recommended to model and quantify aboveground elements spatially in 3D (e.g. buildings, earthworks and woody vegetation) in urban landscapes, but a sensitivity test beforehand remains critical to ensure more reliable outcomes for users and stakeholders alike.
Assessment of Pancreatic and Hepatic Histological Changes in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats Fed with Morizella Juice
Authors: Bilal Ka`bange Hassan , Russa Dennis
Published: September 2022

Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa and Moringa oleifera has been reported to have ant diabetic effect on hyperglycemic animals. However, there are no reports on its histological and physiological changes in diabetic animals.

Objective: To assess the pancreatic and hepatic histological changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed with Morizella juice.

Methods: A Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) was used for this study, 40 adult male Wistar rats, 9 to 10 weeks with a bodyweight 190g – 250g were selected for the study. The animals were divided into four main groups (A, B, C, and D), each group was further subdivided into two groups with 5 rats. The experiments were divided into acute and sub-acute tests of 10 animals per group. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, pancreatic and liver tissues were harvested and histologically processed. Sections were examined and photographed using a light microscope (Leica® DM 750) with an in-built camera ((Icc50 HD-47142065) and the number of Islet cells was measured in 40 high-power fields.

Results: Microscopic structures of the pancreas revealed that the number of Islets of Langerhans was significantly higher in the Morizella treated groups at the dosages of 50mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight. The microscopic structure of the liver in both treated groups presented with normal histological architecture when compared with both control groups

Conclusion: There was a dose-dependent increase of islets of Langerhans cells in the acute and sub-acute group treated with Morizella extracts compared to the control group. Additionally, the liver architecture was reversed back to the normal in Morizella-treated group.
Microbe Penetration Levels on Facial Masks Fabricated at the University of Dodoma versus the Surgical Ones
Authors: Nyahongo Julius W , Richard Upendo , Mpanduji Donald G
Published: September 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The outbreak was first identified in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019, and was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. The virus primarily spreads among people via respiratory droplets from coughing, breathing, or sneezing. To reduce virus transmission, close contact between people is discouraged. In response to advice by health practitioners, individuals are advised to wear face masks, regularly wash their hands, and apply sanitisers. However, the effectiveness of locally manufactured masks against COVID 19 and other microbes has not been investigated.

Aims and methods: The current study aimed to experimentally determine and compare the effectiveness of two approved surgical masks and two face masks fabricated at the University of Dodoma (UDOM).

Results: The effectiveness of the UDOM-made mask was similar when compared to surgical masks (Mann- Whitney, U = 390.000, p > 0.05; Mean ranks: Japan fabric = 32.5; N95 surgical mask = 28.50). However, the Japan fabric mask made at UDOM was more effective than BBL surgical mask made in China (Mann-Whitney, U = 270.000, p < 0.05; Mean ranks: Japan fabric = 24.50; BBL surgical mask = 36.50). Whereas the handkerchief mask made at UDOM and BBL surgical mask had similar levels of effectiveness (Mann-Whitney, U = 369.500, p > 0.05; Mean Ranks: Handkerchief = 27.82; BBL surgical mask = 33.18). The results obtained suggest that the two UDOM types were as effective as the N95 and BBL masks in reducing virus spread.

Conclusion: The study recommends the determination of pore sizes of the materials used to make the mask to explain the effectiveness of the single layer, double layers, and double layers with cotton blends in the prevention of different microbes inhalable.
Review of Hanoi Industrial Clusters – And Regulations in Constructing and Planning Industrial Clusters
Authors: Trung Nguyen Dinh , Thuy Nguyen Thu , Yen Ly Lan , Diep Nguyen Trong
Published: September 2022

After many years of establishment, the construction of CCN (industrial clusters) in Hanoi city has made contributions to infrastructures for economic. The city attaches great importance to investment and planning. The city soon has a plan, orientation, plan and determination to rapidly develop the industry in order to transform the economic structure towards industrialization and modernization. The city has identified industrial development and industrial infrastructure development as an important task in the strategy and plan for socio-economic development, industrial development as well as rural development. The planning and construction of industrial zones has created excitement and confidence of production households and businesses in Hanoi's economic development policy. The biggest difficulty is that the production ground is gradually solved with the active support of local authorities. Production households have actively invested in developing industries and expanding production scale.
Cuatro dimensiones de la violencia del narcotráfico en México: ¿cómo las conciben los perpetradores?
Authors:   University of Bristol, García Karina
Published: September 2022

Este artículo examina las narrativas de treinta y tres ex narcotraficantes y analiza cómo conciben la violencia del narcotráfico. A través de un análisis del discurso, el estudio identifica cuatro significados diferentes adjudicados a esta violencia: a) la violencia del narcotráfico como un negocio; b) la violencia como regla básica del narcotráfico; c) la violencia del narcotráfico como fuente de adrenalina y empoderamiento; y d) la violencia del narcotráfico ligada al culto de la Santa Muerte. La relevancia de identificar y entender estas dimensiones radica en que cada una de ellas responde a diferentes objetivos, lo que implica que se necesitan diferentes políticas públicas para prevenir y combatir la violencia del narcotráfico.
El juvenicidio encarnado: jóvenes lesionados por armas de fuego en México
Authors:   Tecnológico de Monterrey, Chacón Chávez Andrea Nathalie
Published: September 2022

La violencia es parte de la cotidianidad de México, siendo los jóvenes varones de contextos precarios sus principales víctimas mortales y no mortales. En este artículo se presenta evidencia cuantitativa y cualitativa que dimensiona y aprehende esta dinámica, en donde estos son construidos como el enemigo a combatir por el Estado, constituyendo al juvenicidio (Valenzuela, 2016). Se propone que el juvenicidio va más allá de la muerte; se encarna en la víctima (objetiva y subjetivamente), ya que la lesión por bala intensifica la situación de indefensión al generar una muerte social. Complementando el concepto de necropolítica (Mbembe, 2011), va más allá de la determinación sobre la vida y la muerte, también se determina quién vive y de qué manera merece vivir.
Propuestas para la implementación de evaluaciones de impacto legislativo en Brasil en materia penal: un análisis a partir de las experiencias político-legislativas europeas
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Facenda Falavigno Chiavelli , Tamarín Hoffmann Luisa ,   Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo parte de la falta de racionalidad en la política legislativa-penal brasileña, que da lugar a un número excesivo de leyes incapaces de alcanzar los fines que las justifican. A partir de ese contexto, se busca plantear algunas ideas para la mejora de la calidad de las leyes penales, con enfoque, principalmente, en la experiencia de los países de la Unión Europea, que establecen diversas directrices y programas a ese respecto. Entre las herramientas propuestas sobresale la importancia de la evaluación previa y posterior de impacto legislativo. A partir de esta constatación, se investiga lo que ya está previsto en el ordenamiento jurídico brasileño para viabilizar dichas evaluaciones, y se proponen otras posibilidades para su implementación y realización. La metodología utilizada es la revisión bibliográfica y el análisis normativo, principalmente en términos del derecho comparado.
BuddhistRoad Paper 2.5 "The Vajragarbha Bodhisattva Three-Syllable Visualisation: A Chinese Buddhist Sādhana Text from Tenth Century Dunhuang"
Authors: Goodman Amanda K.
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a translation and study of an unidentified Chinese Buddhist visualisation text based on the four known copies recovered from the Mogao Caves (Chin. Mogao ku 莫高窟) near Dunhuang (敦煌) in Eastern Central Asia. It begins with an examination of the text’s title and principal deity, Vajragarbha, and considers its immediate manuscript contexts. Next, the paper examines the language, structure, and contents of the text, and goes on to compare it to three Tibetan Mahāyoga works from the same site: one commentary on a brief Chan (禪) meditation text and two ritual commentaries on the same root sādhana. In lieu of a formal identification of the Chinese text, the paper situates all seven manuscripts, four Chinese and three Tibetan, within the wider manuscript matrix of 10th century Dunhuang, and speculates on what these textual sources can tell us about the local reception of Tantric Buddhism in the Dunhuang region during the late Guiyijun (851–1036?, 歸義軍, Return-to-Allegiance Army) period.
A Review on the Development and Need of Bicycle Level of Service
Authors: Jogiparthi Sandeep , Penki Ramu
Published: September 2022

Bicycle is a non-motorized vehicle which is used to travel for short-distances in the communities and it’s a mode choice for lowincome group. Generally, the infrastructure related to active modes of transport is neglected and by this the active modes user’s faces hard times in regarding safety and are more vulnerable to accidents while travelling on the road. So, it is important to consider active mode users in planning with equal importance to all the road users. The purpose of study is to emphasis on the importance of facility provision for bicycle use and to provide an overview over the evaluation parameters that are used in the assessing the road with respect to user comfort i.e., use of bicycle level of service (BLOS) to evaluate the existing facilities and to make necessary amendments to provide better facilities to the users in terms of safety and comfort.
SOCIAL AUDIT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Hrytsenko Natalia
Published: September 2022

Social auditing activities include organizational and methodological support of the audit, practical implementation of audits (audit) and the provision of other audit services. Social audit is a set of measures aimed at changing and improving the process of providing specific services and implementing specific public policies. The main thing in social audit is not the research itself (although this does not eliminate the need for its clear and methodologically correct planning), but the involvement of stakeholders in active activities: service users, policy beneficiaries, government agencies, public opinion leaders and more. We can even say that research within the social audit is a kind of "occasion" for the activation of a community. Social programs help build an image and enhance the reputation of the business and, thus, are long-term investments in intangible assets of the company. In Ukraine, the increased interest of private business in social relations is due to the fact that today human resources have become a decisive factor in economic development. Investments in human capital have entered the category of "profitable". The social function of entrepreneurship is now increasingly determining the economic function (profit). This article examines the main problem of measuring corporate social activity of the enterprise. Corporate social activity is a multifaceted process that affects many actors and is therefore difficult to assess. In addition, companies differ in type of activity, industry affiliation, size, etc. The choice of how to measure corporate social activity plays a key role in researching its relationship to financial performance. In reality, falling incomes and social responsibility of corporations plays an important role in marginalizing a large part of Ukraine's population. Highest The level of internal social responsibility of Ukrainian enterprises, in particular, is observed among large companies, as they are under close scrutiny. Media and stakeholders. In the context of exacerbation of socio-economic and political problems, the topic of social responsibility of enterprises is now a topical issue of management and social development in Ukraine.
THE FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING OF RENTAL OPERATIONS WITH LAND PARCELS
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Polyatykina Larysa
Published: September 2022

At the article the actual problems of accounting of rental operations with land parcels was researched. The key questions of the efficiency of functioning and development of lease relations in agricultural production were considered. The analysis of the regulatory framework of land relations allowed identifying the most important problems of accounting of rental operations with land parcels. Also, the forms of rental operations were considered and reasonable terms of rent were proposed. In a separate projection, the issues arising between the participants of the lease relations with land plots were considered. The proposals to improve the accounting of land lease transactions were justified. These propositions will give opportunities to ensure the progressive development of the agricultural sector of the national economy, increase its competitiveness. A lot of problems associated with need to improving the efficiency of land use were identified. This situation is a consequence of the short-term desire of landowners or tenants to maximize profits, which an attitude leads to depletion of the country's land fund. The leading branch of Ukraine's economy is agriculture, based on the principles that contribute to improving soil fertility. However, the study of scientific papers and the practice of economic activity show, that some of the theoretical provisions of the research of specifies of accounting for lease transactions with land are debatable, and a number of important aspects of their organization, evaluation and methods of accounting, analysis and audit need to be improved. Based on the above, research topics and its target orientation are quite relevant. The aim of the study is theoretical and methodological justification and evaluation of land use efficiency in agricultural enterprises of Sumy region, and, also, justification of methodological approaches and development of practical proposals to improve the economic efficiency of land use in current conditions. Carrying out of additional in-depth research of features of the account of lease operations with land plots of the enterprises is perspective. This will identify existing and possible causes of deterioration of the state land fund and will find ways to improve them.
La burocracia partidista en la Cámara de Senadores y la 4T. La construcción del Aeropuerto Internacional Felipe Ángeles
Authors: Espejel Mena Jaime
Published: September 2022

Este análisis considerará la burocracia partidista como un caso especial de las organizaciones públicas. En las democracias se hace necesaria un tipo de organización, en las organizaciones se encuentra una minoría que detenta el monopolio del poder y está burocracia partidista dispone de los recursos para perpetuarse en el mismo. El objetivo del presente documento es explicar que la burocracia partidista de los órganos legislativos determina la actividad propia de los congresos y el desempeño institucional de los órganos legislativos como resultado de su orientación partidista. Concluimos planteando que la burocratización y el tipo de liderazgo burocrático al interior de los partidos políticos retarda o motiva los procesos y consenso político necesarios para consolidar los proyectos y programas de la política y de los gobiernos. Para ello, las instituciones oscilan entre las reglas de un orden constitucional o de los procesos operativos de una burocracia y los acuerdos que predominan en el comportamiento entre las asociaciones informales, el argumento se comprueba a través de la descripción de la construcción del Aeropuerto Internacional Felipe Ángeles (AIFA) como referente empírico.
Gender and the Politics of Time
Authors: Bryson Valerie
Published: September 2022

Women's increased role in the labour market has combined with concerns about the damaging effects of long working hours to push time-related issues up the policy agenda in many Western nations. This wide-ranging and accessible book assesses policy alternatives in the light of feminist theory and factual evidence.
Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir, Motivasi dan Komitmen Pegawai terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di SMKN 1 Grogol Kediri
Authors: Mayangsari Risqi
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengembangan karir, motivasi, dan komitmen karyawan di SMKN 1 Grogol kediri untuk meningkatkan kinerja pewagai terutama di lembaga pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 106 responden yang dia ambil data karyawan di SMKN 1 Grogol Kediri dengan analisis data mengunakan uji hipotesis (uji F), uji hipotesis (Uji T) dan uji hipotesis variabel dominan  dengan mengunakn SPSS for Windows hasil pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi berpengaruh dominan. Variabel pengembangan karir, motivasi dan komitmen pegawai berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan pada SMK Negeri 1 Grogol, terdapat pengaruh variabel pengembangan karir, variabel motivasi dan variabel komitmen pegawai secara simultan terhadap variabel kinerja karyawan pada SMK Negeri 1 Grogol.
Regulatory principles of public administration in the field of state and regional environmental policy as part of the strategy for sustainable development of Ukraine
Authors: Borysenko Anton , Volko Yevgen , Puskina Olena , Potip Mykola , Leheza Yulia
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the scientific article is to identify the administrative and legal foundations of public administration in the field of environmental policy, and to determine the directions of its development at the present stage. Main content. Theauthors of the article established that the principles of public administration in the implementation of state and autonomous environmental policy must meet the requirements of: accessibility, timeliness and reliability of environmental information; as well as ensure the accountability of executive bodies and bodies of local self-government. The research used general and special scientific methods, the main of which are: abstract-logical, deductive, inductive, historical, modeling and forecasting, systemic-structural, systemic and functional, economic-statistical (grouping and comparison) methods of analysis. As a conclusion, the authors argued that the priority areas of public administration reform, in the implementation of state and regional environmentalpolicy, include the feasibility of creating and operating a special information service, the content of which is the implementation of human rights to a safe environment, favorable environment and quality.
Procedimiento para medir el balance demanda y oferta en destinos turísticos
Authors: Naranjo Llupart María Rosa
Published: September 2022

El encuentro entre la demanda y la oferta se realiza en el mercado turístico y cuando se hacen coincidir demandantes y oferentes se logra un equilibrio o balance del mercado. La presente investigación se refiere a un estudio analíticoque aplica el método científico deductivo y la valoración crítica de los documentos consultados, elaborado a partir deartículos científicos publicados en revistas indexadas y en otras fuentes primarias y secundarias. Se desarrollaun procedimiento para medirla demanda y la oferta en un destino turístico, que permita establecer un balance o equilibrio, con la finalidad de favorecer el crecimiento del sector, posterior al significativo declive creado por la pandemia de la Covid-19. Las conclusiones destacanla importancia del procedimientopara medir las tendencias de ambos indicadores y trazar estrategias adecuadas y mecanismos de control para el análisis del balance demanda oferta basado en criterios científicos, por los actores, gestores y grupos de interésen los territorios, lo que posibilita en un corto o mediano plazo incrementar la actividad turística y caminar hacia el logro del éxito del sector del turismo mundial.
Principles of organization and efficiency of China’s Political System in modern conditions
Authors: Nelipa Dmytro , Batrymenko Oleh , Yakovlev Denys , Turenko Vitalii , Perepelytsia Nataliia
Published: September 2022

Ensuring the efficiency of the political life of the country depends significantly on the establishment of relationships between state and non-state political and legal institutions and social-political communities of the society that constitute the political system of the State. In the conditions of intensification of globalization processes, the creation of favourable conditions by the political system for the effective operation of the main spheres of public life, ensuring the fulfilment of the interestsof all society members, is of great importance. The purpose of the research lies in substantiating the theoretical and practical fundamentals for studying the principles of organization and effectiveness of China’s political system in modern conditions, as well as in assessing its impact on the level of the quality of life of the population. The general scientific and special methods of economic analysis have been used in the research, in particular, as follows: analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparison, systematization, generalization, graphical and tabular methods, and correlation-regression analysis.It has been proven that the political system of China has a significant impact on the level of the quality of life of the population.
Estrategia de Marketing Mix para las ventas de la empresa Melaminart – Chiclayo
Authors: Rodríguez Nomura Huber Ezequiel , Calderón Gavidia Alberto , Zavala Quispe Nathaly Fiorella , Rodríguez Kong María Patricia , Rodríguez Kong José Arturo
Published: September 2022

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo elaboraruna estrategia de marketing mix para las ventas en la empresa Melaminart -Chiclayo 2020. Este estudio fue de enfoque mixto porque se aplica de forma cualitativa una entrevista a profundidad;y a la vez cuantitativa porque interpreta las respuestas de cuestionario que se le hizo al cliente para establecer lo más exacto posibles patrones de comportamiento en una población.La investigación se llevó a cabo demanera no experimental y transversal,debido a que las variables no fueron manipuladas y estudiadas en espacio de tiempo concreto. Los resultados lograron diagnosticar el estado actual de las ventas de la empresa Melaminart–Chiclayo 2020, a través del análisis cuantitativo de las dimensiones de la variable ventas, según la encuesta realizada a los clientesy trabajadoresde la empresa, donde se muestra que la demanda es media con tendencia a la baja,debido a la pandemia y la situación política vivenciada. Por lo cual se concluye que,la empresa solo consigue ventas suficientes para mantenerse;y,por ende, necesita de un impulso para mejorarlas, mediante estrategias de marketing mix.
La globalización y sus efectos en la armonización de la información financiera para las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas
Authors: Cabiço Muibo Afonso Vagarecha , Martínez Prats Germán , Guzmán Casandra Ángeles
Published: September 2022

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas representan una parte preponderante de las economías desarrolladas y en desarrollo. Como consecuencia de la globalización y su importancia para las economías, la necesidad de armonizar y estandarizar la información financiera es fundamental para este segmento empresarial. La adopción de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (incluidas las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad) permitirá que los estados financieros elaborados por laspequeñas y medianas empresas sean comparables en distintos países del mundo. El objetivo principal del artículo es analizar el efecto de la globalización en la armonización de la información financiera de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, a través de una revisión documental para comprobar las recientes soluciones internacionales para la consecución de su actividad.El artículo se desarrolla desde un enfoque cualitativo, con un alcance descriptivo.Para la recolección de información se destacan bases de datos como:EBSCO, Elsevier, Emerald, Scopus, Google Scholar y Science Direct. El estudio muestra que la implementación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera se observa en una gran cantidad de países en el mundo;aunque muchos otros aún no las utilizan, se espera que puedan implementarlas en un futuro cercano.
Competencias investigativas del docente de la carrera de Derecho. Análisis y perspectivas
Authors: Castellanos Herrera Silvio José , Serrano-Moreno Stella , Jacobo Andrade Daniel
Published: September 2022

La actividad científica constituye un indicador esencial para posicionar ventajosamente a cualquier universidad en el ámbito académico. Para que sea de calidad, requiere en los actores, investigadores, docentes y estudiantes, de un elevado nivel de competencias investigativas para su realización. De allí que, el propósito de este artículo es examinar el potencial existente en el área de creación de conocimiento, a través de variables principales que integran la capacidad investigativa del docente en la carrera de derecho. El levantamiento de información se realizó mediante un cuestionario, validado por juicio de expertos, aplicado a una muestra de 57 docentes de derecho en la matriz, sedes y extensiones de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, para examinar la situación actual relacionada con las competencias investigativas que resultaron ser limitadas, entre otras causas, por la abundante carga laboral impuesta a los docentes. Situación ésta, que indujo un conjunto de conclusiones y recomendaciones que, de asumirse, impulsarán significativamente el quehacer científico en el área jurídica.
The Role of Online Debates in the Formation of Future Philologists’ Professional Competences
Authors: Latygina Alla , Zvarych Iryna , Latygina Nataliia , Dubinina Olha , Kolot Liubov , Strokan Nataliya
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the articlewas to test the effectiveness of the influence of pedagogical conditions for online debates on the formation of future philologists’ professional competencies.Methods used:pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, and students' self-assessment methods, mathematical and statistical methods for research results processing (t-Student's criterion), interviews, questionnaires. Dialogicality (communicative level) was estimated by L. Michelson test and by the method of diagnostics of “General Communicative Tolerance” by V. V. Boyko. Results. In an experiment, it was found that, after the secondary survey, 33.75% of respondents view online debates as educational technology and 26.25% of respondents explain their participation in the debates by the desire to improve communication skills. When analyzing the results of the secondary survey, it was found that such qualities as determination, tolerance, and sociability are in the lead. Comparing the design value and critical value of the Criterion t and T-Critical, we have taken that T≤T-Critical, and therefore accepted the hypothesis of different average values in the two frames.