bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making use of geothermal brine in Indonesia: binary demonstration power plant Lahendong/Pangolombian
Authors: Frick Stephanie , Kranz Stefan , Kupfermann Gina , Saadat Ali , Huenges Ernst
Published: October 2019

This paper describes a novel concept for integrating binary plants at a geothermal site which has been realized within a demonstration project in Indonesia. By using an intermediate hot water and an intermediate cooling water cycle it is possible to integrate a fully-automated binary plant with flexible operation in an existing, predominantly manually operated geothermal field. The paper gives technical component details and describes specific design considerations of the demonstration power plant. Furthermore operational data and experiences are shared. Current binary plant operation is characterized by many starts and stops because of several technical challenges, e.g. electrical grid conditions, as well as by off-design conditions. The proven maximum power capacity until now is approximately 400 kW. By means of a numerical model it is shown that the design capacity of 500 kW can be reached.
Is there a relationship between self-efficacy, disability, pain and sociodemographic characteristics in chronic low back pain? A multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Ferrari Silvano , Vanti Carla , Pellizzer Marta , Dozza Luca , Monticone Marco , Pillastrini Paolo
Published: October 2019

Background

Pain-related self-efficacy is defined as the beliefs held by people with chronic pain that certain activities can be carried out despite the pain. Poor self-efficacy is an obstacle to the recovery and predicts long-term disability. The aims of this study are to investigate the prevalence of poor pain self-efficacy in Italian subjects with chronic low back pain (LBP), and to inquire the relationships between self-efficacy, disability, pain, and main demographic and clinical characteristics.

Methods

A secondary multicenter retrospective analysis was done on 310 outpatients with chronic non-specific LBP. The pain self-efficacy measured with the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), the disability measured with the Roland & Morris Disability Questionnaire, and the pain intensity measured with the Numerical Rating Scale were considered variables to investigate, whereas demographic and clinical variables were considered predictors or potential confounders. A 40/60 PSEQ score was adopted as cut-off to distinguish between good and poor self-efficacy.

Results

199 subjects (64.2% of the sample) showed poor self-efficacy. The odds of having poor self-efficacy appeared significantly related to female gender (OR = 1.80, 95%CI [1.12;2.90];p = 0.015) and drugs use (OR = 1.68, 95%CI [1.06;2.70];p = 0.029). Significant relationships also emerged between disability and higher age (β = 0.07, 95%CI [0.01; 0.12];p = 0.02), being female (β = 1.80, 95%CI [0.32;3.29];p = 0.018), low educational level (β = − 1.68, 95%CI [− 2.59;-3.29];p < 0.001), higher height (β = − 0.08, 95%CI [− 0.158;-0.002];p = 0.045), pain duration [mos] (β = 0.01, 95%CI [0.001;0.021];p = 0.041), and drugs use (β = 2.86, 95%CI [1.44;4.27];p < 0.001). The amount of pain appeared significantly related to educational level (β = − 0.47, 95%CI [− 0.76;-0.182];p < 0.001), smoking (β = 0.56, 95%CI [0.09; 1.03];p = 0.021), height (β = − 0.03, 95%CI [− 0.05; − 0.002];p = 0.036), and drugs use (β = 0.81, 95%CI [0.399;1.22];p < 0.001). No significant correlation appeared among weight, body mass index, and referred pain neither in relation to self-efficacy, nor in relation to pain/disability.

Conclusions

The majority of our sample, composed of Italian people complained of chronic LBP, shows poor self-efficacy. Female gender and drugs use are significantly related to poor self-efficacy, low educational level negatively influences the amount of perceived pain and disability, and older age and smoking are related to disability and pain intensity, respectively. The knowledge of these sociodemographic and clinical characteristics potentially influencing chronic LBP may be useful to address more efforts towards the most negatively impacted subjects, among the entire population complained of chronic LBP.
Influence of some insecticide sequences on the injurious insect- pests of cotton plants
Authors: Ismail Seham M.
Published: October 2019

Background

Cotton growers in Egypt have experienced severe economic loss from cotton bollworms, especially the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.), and spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.), so a field experiment was carried out to determine efficiency of eight insecticides in their seven sequence programs to evaluate the best solution for cotton bollworms problems, during two successive seasons.

Results

The highest reduction percentages are effective sequences 7 and 5 (gave about 90% infestation reduction) were started and mediated with new insecticides, and when started and mediated with spinosad, or with cypermethrin, sequences 2 and 3 (gave about 86%) respectively, also, the repetition of the same insecticide twice in a regimen might increase, might decrease, or has no effect on the insecticide efficiency against cotton bollworms. The tested sequence programs showed high protection for green bolls with protection percentages ranged from 66.1 and 67.2% (sequence 1) to 92.6 and 94.1% (sequence 7) during two seasons respectively. On the other hand, the superiority in yield loss reduction can arrange in the following descending order: sequences 7, 5, 2, 3, 6, 4, and 1 respectively.

Conclusions

From this study, it can be concluded that the importance of sequence insecticide programs included new groups of insecticides to directing tactics to fight against resistance development and used this sequence programs to restore susceptibility for conventional insecticides. This study devoted to obtaining the optimum regimen of insecticides that give low reduction of cotton bollworms’ infestation and high cotton yield.
Contribution of a family to treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pubertal juvenile dyspituitarism
Authors: Tereschenko I. V.
Published: October 2019

Puberty-youthful (hypothalamic) dispituitarism (PD) is a disease of adolescence and adolescence, the obligatory pathogenesis factors of which are damage to the diencephalon and hypothalamic-pituitary-endocrine dysregulation: hypercorticism, hyperaldosteronism, hyperinsulinotinotropin dysregulation, tibiotensinotropin dysregulation, gonotropinotropin dysotropin syndrome . PD is a chronic disease with a long, sometimes lifelong course. His prognosis is primarily determined by the correctness and regularity of treatment, which largely depends on the awareness of the parents about the clinic, diagnosis, therapy, possible outcomes of PD. Due to the peculiarities of adolescent psychology, patients often do not want to be treated, considering themselves healthy (this is very typical for boys), or do not seek medical help due to a severe astheno-depressive state, which is more typical of girls.

Our long-term experience shows that patients come especially late in cases when the family has obese relatives and adolescent obesity does not cause serious anxiety in relatives. It is very important to conduct broader public health education on PD issues. A gross medical error should be considered a frequently encountered fact when a doctor refuses treatment for a patient with a PD, motivating: This will pass:. Indeed, in terms of severity, PD is mild, moderate, and severe. However, it should be remembered that any stressful situations, infections, traumatic brain injuries, etc. can change the subclinical course of the disease in an unfavorable direction, which must be explained to the patient and parents; and vice versa, even severe forms of PD, when a patient has IV degree obesity, can end in complete recovery with proper systematic treatment.
Insulin secretion by isolated rat pancreas under the effect of prooxidants: A relationship with glutathione release
Authors: Sitozhevsky A. V. , Dusta I. V. , Trofimov A. V. , Ivanov V. V. , Karpenko O. A.
Published: October 2019

Rates of basal and glucose-stimulated insulin and glutathione secretion were studied in experiments with isolated rat pancreas, as were prooxidant effects on these values. The rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release was found increased at glucose concentration increase to 16.7 mmoles in perfusion solution. Addition of prooxidants (tret- butyl hydroperoxide and Fe2+) in concentrations 10~4 mole did not change basal insulin secretion but resulted in reduction of glucose-stimulated hormone release. Under such conditions a reduction of the rate of oxidized and recovered glutathione release by the pancreas was observed which was adequate to changed GSH/GSSG ratio in isolated Langerhans islets. It may be supposed that lipid peroxidation results in changed thiol-disulfide ratio in Langerhans islets В cells and in reduction of their sensitivity to secretogen effect.
Insulin and adrenalin effects on the activity and concentration of glutathione metabolizing enzymes in rat organs
Authors: Kolesnichenko L. S. , Kulinsky V. I. , Yasko M. V. , Pensionerova G. A. , Grudinina Yu. V.
Published: October 2019

Adrenaline activates glutathione peroxidase in the heart, liver, and kidneys and glutathione transferase in the heart and liver, inhibits gamma-glutamyl transferase in the kidneys, and has no effect on glutathione reductase; no changes in the brain detected. Insulin does not influence glutathione reductase either, nor does it induce any changes in the heart, liver, and bone marrow, but it alters (as a rule reduces) in a number of cases the activities of many glutathione metabolism enzymes and reduces glutathione concentration in the brain, kidneys, and spleen both an hour and 24 h after injection. The detected changes do not conform to universally acknowledged classification of the organs by insulin sensitivity and do not correlate with hypoglycemia.
Screening of young subjects for goiter: role of ultrasonic examinations
Authors: Zykova T. A. , Fefilov A. L. , Tsyganova O. A. , Martyushova N. A. , Sukhanova O. N. , Zykova S. N.
Published: October 2019

Eighty-two students in whom goiter was diagnosed by palpation were examined by ultrasonography. Assessment of the volume of the thyroid in these students revealed diffuse goiter in only 5.5% and nodular in 22% cases. Thyroid dysfunction was diagnosed in 16% subjects with diffuse or nodular goiter. Sonographic examination of the thyroid with an assessment of its volume and echostructure helps more accurately diagnose goiter and plan therapeutic measures.
Norditropin, a recombinant growth hormone in the treatment of children with somatotropic insufficiency
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Tyulpakov A. N. , Peterkova V. A. , Goncharov N. P. , Kolesnikova G. S.
Published: October 2019

The efficacy and safety of recombinant growth hormone (GH) Norditropin (Novo Nordisk) for children suffering from somatotropic insufficiency have been assessed in clinical trials. Twenty-three children (8 girls and 15 boys) aged 6.3 to 17.5 (mean SD: 12.3 5.96 years) were followed up. The diagnosis was verified by clofelin and/or insulin stimulation tests (max. serum level of GH in the tests no more than 7 ng/ml) and by measuring GH concentration in the nocturnal portion of urine by U-hGH NordiTest TM (Novo Nordisk) kits. Norditropin was injected daily subcutaneously in the evening in a daily dose of 0.07 to 0.1 IU/kg b. w. The treatment was administered for 6 months. During the first 3 months of treatment growth SDS in relation to chronological age increased from -4.5 1.12 to -3.9 1.08 (p0.0001) and the velocity of growth increased from 2.8 1.05 to 18.1 4.73 cm/year (p0.0001). A further increment in body length was observed during the second trimester, although the change of growth SDS in relation to chronological age was less expressed than during the first trimester (0.5 0.19 vs. 0.35 0.19, p=0.012). The gain in height over 6 months of treatment was 7.6 1.01 cm (min. 6.2 cm, max. 9.8 cm), Bone age altered from 6.3 2.99 to 7.3 + 2.66 years (p=0.005) during 6 months; at the same time, despite acceleration of bone age, therapy was conducive to growth SDS increase in relation to bone age (from 1.1 2.87 to 1.7 2.0; Z=2.1, p=0.04), this indicating a better growth prognosis. The treatment caused virtually no side effects of any type. Hence, clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy and safety of GH Norditropin for children with somatotropic insufficiency.
Telangiectasia, ataxia, hypermobility syndrome, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diabetes - a new syndrome?
Authors: Kuraeva T. L. , Remizov O. V. , Arkhipov B. A. , Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2019

The proportion of people with genetic syndromes accompanied by diabetes mellitus or impaired tolerance to carbohydrates is less than 1% among all patients with diabetes mellitus. Currently, more than 70 such syndromes are described, in the clinical manifestation of which impaired tolerance to carbohydrates or diabetes mellitus is important. Examples include ataxia - telangiectasia, myotonic dystrophy, generalized or partial lipodystrophy. In the available literature, we have not seen any observations of the combination of diabetes mellitus with telangiectasias, ataxia, hypermobility of the joints, hyper-stretch of the skin, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We give an observation. Patient A., 15 years old, was admitted to the children's department of the Institute of Diabetes of the Endocrinology Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences with complaints of sharp weakness in the legs, inability to move independently, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, thirst, polyuria. Mother 39 years old, father 43 years old, sister 12 years old, all are healthy. A patient from the 3rd pregnancy, which proceeded with the threat of interruption throughout pregnancy. Two previous pregnancies in the patient's mother ended in miscarriages. Childbirth at the 8th month in the buttock presentation, with placental abruption. Body weight at birth 1800 g, body length 44 cm. The patient was born in asphyxia, with hemorrhages in the skin of the face. At the age of 2 years, 3 months after ARVI, the child developed shortness of breath, liver enlargement up to 6 cm from under the edge of the costal arch along the midclavicular line, and an increase in systolic blood pressure to 130 mm Hg. Art. At 3 years 4 months old, the diagnosis was established: idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. From this age, the patient was periodically disturbed by severe abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, which were regarded as an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. The last attack at 15 years (urine amylase within normal limits). At 6 years of age, due to frequent nosebleeds observed from the age of 5, as well as telangiectasia of the skin vessels, he was diagnosed with OslerWeberRendu syndrome disease. In connection with the persisting hepatomegaly, a glucose tolerance test was performed at the age of 15 to exclude glycogenosis. A violation of tolerance to carbohydrates was revealed. After 1 month, symptoms of diabetes appeared. After another 1 month in a precomatous state, the patient was hospitalized in the regional children's hospital at the place of residence. At discharge, the daily dose of insulin was 44 units. 3 months after the manifestation of diabetes mellitus appeared weakness in the legs, which progressed rapidly. After 5 months, the patient was hospitalized at the Endocrinology Research Centre of RAMS.
KECERDASAN INTRAPERSONAL DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN SANTRI MAHASISWA DALAM MENGHAFAL AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Firdausi Fitriana , Hidayah Aida
Published: October 2019

Memorization of the Quran activities are activities that involve some intelligence in the process. Memorizing of the Quran can be done by anyone, from early childhood to the elderly. The focus of this study is on the process of memorizing of the Quran carried out by student at University. The study focused only on two boarding schools, namely the boarding schools of Krapyak and Kotagede, as boarding schools that have many students who study at University. The main problem is the influence of intrapersonal intelligence in the success of students in the process of memorizing the Quran. Intrapersonal intelligence here is the ability to recognize one’s character and strength. With a good introduction to yourself, the possibility of successfully fulfilling the role of a student as well as a santri who memorizing the Quran is very possible. The results of this study are the higher intrapersonal intelligence of a santri, a higher percentage of success that will be achieved in the process of memorizing the Quran, although several other obstacles may be faced.Keyword: Memorization of the Quran, Intrapersonal Intelligence
METODE DAN CORAK TAFSÎR GHARÎB AL-MUWATTÂ’ KARYA ‘ABD AL-MÂLIK BIN HABÎB
Authors: Naf'atu Fina Lien Iffah
Published: October 2019

This article discusses a review book of al-Muwattâ’ titled Tafsîr Gharîb al-Muwattâ’ by Abû Marwân ‘Abd al-Mâlik bin Habîb, an Andalusian Mâliki scholar who lived in the range 174-238 H. The discussion includes the author figure, the status of the book and the contents, systematics as well as the method. The reception of this book will also be discussed at the end of the writing. This book explains gharîb or abstruse words in al-Muwattâ’ both in a language and a fiqh explanation. Abû Marwân,  has placed the scope of gharîb al-hadîth broader than usual. Unlike the other essay of Abû Marwân, al-Wadihah, Tafsîr Gharîb al-Muwattâ’ did not receive a positive response, because the contribution of this book is not too significant, other than because of carelessness in narration. Abû Marwân not only saw this gharîb from the linguistic aspect, but also from the fiqh aspect, so that it was not always the words described in gharîb language, but words or sentences that did need further explanation fiqh, even though the word is actually not gharîb linguistically. The advantage of this book lies in its method of being able to present a book that is practical, easy to understand and applicable, not long-winded.Keyword: Tafsîr, Gharîb, al-Muwattâ’, ‘Abd al-Mâlik bin Habîb
Student motivation in Dutch secondary school EFL literature lessons
Authors: Bloemert Jasmijn , Jansen Ellen , Paran Amos
Published: October 2019

Foreign language curricula worldwide have seen a revival of the inclusion of literary texts, promoting so-called language-literature instruction. Responding to the plea for more empirical research in this area, specifically in secondary education, this study investigates the student’s perspective by looking at the relationship between their level of engagement in literature lessons in English as a foreign language (EFL) and how they value these lessons. A total of 365 Dutch students from six secondary schools participated in the study. Data was collected via a four-point Likert-type questionnaire. The findings revealed that students primarily value EFL literature lessons for improving their language proficiency but no significant correlations were found between engagement and language aspects. Implications for curriculum development include a tripartite focus on language learning, literary study, as well as personal development.
A Comparison of ETV and LA for the Determination of Trace Elements in Solid Samples by MIP OES
Authors: Matusiewicz Henryk , Ślachciński Mariusz
Published: October 2019

The performance of electrothermal vaporization (ETV) and laser ablation (LA) of dry aerosols as sample introduction systems for microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES) are compared and evaluated in terms of detection limits, precision and accuracy for the determination of trace elements (Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Sr, Zn) in the same solid micro samples. In MIP OES both radiation sources can be independently adjusted to optimize the sampling process and then its subsequent excitation. A univariate approach and simplex optimization procedure were used to obtain the best signal/noise (S/N) ratio and derive analytical figures of merit. A comparison using a Student’st-test between the results obtained by both ETV/LA-MIP OES methods for trace elements, and concentrations in standard reference material (SRM) and certified reference materials (CRMs) showed that there was no significant differences on a 95 % confidence level. The detection limits of the tested elements in solid samples by ETV/LA-MIP OES were in the range of 0.1 to 11 µg g−1for all elements determined, while the corresponding absolute values in the range of ng. The precision of the results for ETV-MIP OES and LA-MIP OES varied between 2 and 4 % and 3 and 7 %, respectively. The linear dynamic ranges in the ETV/LA-MIP OES are extend over three decades of concentration. The methods were validated by the analysis of NIST SRM 2711Montana Soil, NRCC CRM PACS-2 Marine Sediment and NRCC CRM TORT-2 Lobster Hepatopancreas of different matrix composition and by the standard addition technique.
Designing a Pond and Evaluating its Impact Upon Storm-Water Quality and Flow: A Case Study in Rural Australia
Authors: Ghofrani Zahra , Sposito Victor , Faggian Robert
Published: October 2019

Storm-water management is a common concern in rural catchments where development-related growth causes increases of storm-water flows. Greater magnitude and frequency of storm-water create greater challenges for mitigating storm-water damage and improving water quality. The concept of Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) as a solution incorporates a wide range of applicable components with the aim of minimizing the effect of catchment development on flow regimes without changing the watershed morphology. BGI components manage storm-water by decreasing impermeable cover and expanding natural and semi-natural systems to store water or recharge and filter storm-water into the ground. In this paper, guidelines for designing a pond as a component of BGI are provided and, configuration and size of the pond are determined. Moreover, the impacts of the designed pond on storm-water peak flow and quality are assessed for the Tarwin catchment, State of Victoria, Australia. The results indicate that the introduction of the pond would have reduced outfall inflow by 94 % and would have achieved the reduction of 88.3, 75.5 and 50.7 % for total suspended solids, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen respectively, during the extreme weather event in June 2012.
Effect of potassium for cesium replacement in atomic level structure of potassium cobalt hexacyanoferrate(II)
Authors: Puhakka Eini , Ritala Mikko , Lehto Jukka
Published: October 2019

Potassium cobalt hexacyanoferrate(II) [K2CoFe(CN)6] is an extremely selective ion exchanger for cesium ions. To examine the atomic level background for the selectivity a computational structural study using DFT modelling was carried out for K2CoFe(CN)6 and for products where Cs has replaced K in the elemental cube cages closest to the surface. In the K-form compound the potassium ions are not in the center of the Co–Fe–CN elementary cube cages closest to the surface but locate about 140 pm from the cube center towards the surface. When cesium ions are exchanged to these potassium ions they locate much deeper from the surface, being only about 70 pm upwards from the cube center. This apparently leads to much stronger bonding of cesium compared to potassium. Once taken up into the outermost cube cages on the surface of the crystallites cesium ions are not able to penetrate further since they are much larger than the electron window between the cubes. Furthermore, they are not able to return to the solution phase either leading to a practically irreversible sorption.
Computerized quantification of pain drawings
Authors: O’Neill Søren , Jensen Tue Secher , Kent Peter
Published: October 2019

Background and aims

Using a computer algorithm to quantify pain drawings could be useful, especially when large numbers of drawings need to be assessed. Whilst informal visual assessment of pain drawings can give clinicians a quick impression of the extent of pain and its location, formal quantification of pain drawings by computer for research purposes is not necessarily trivial. The current study compared seven different approaches to quantification in a large sample of clinical spinal pain drawings.

Methods

A large number (n = 55,720) of pain drawings were extracted from the SpineData database, a clinical registry of spinal pain patients in the Region of Southern Denmark. Drawings were analyzed both as pixel (raster) and vector based images, with different approaches based on the raw pain drawing, simple encircling polygons, convex-hull encircling polygons and discrete anatomical regions. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis, correlation and linear regression, as well as informal visual inspection of outlier pain drawings.

Results

Eighty-one percent of the variance could be explained by the first principal component, which we interpreted as the true score variance, i.e. the variance attributable to differences in pain area between individuals. The second principal component explained 10% of the variance and was loaded differentially by polygon-based methods and non-polygon-based methods. Correlations between the different approaches ranged from 0.66 to 1.00. Some approaches correlated so strongly as to be interchangeable, others tended to bias area estimates significantly. Visual inspection of outlier pain drawing indicated that when the different approaches to quantification yielded different results, characteristic patterns could be identified in the style and patterns of those pain drawings.

Conclusions

The different approaches reflected the same underlying construct (pain area), but could not be relied upon to produce the same area estimates and were affected by the interaction between drawing style and quantification approach. To some extend, the “correct” choice of quantification method is specific to and dictated by the style of each pain drawing. A differentiated approach is required in which the results of quantification and the drawing style are considered in combination. We provide suggestions for such differentiated approaches taking into account the nature of the drawing data (raster vs. vector) and the method of analysis (partly vs completely automated).

Implications

The chosen method of quantifying pain drawings in combination with the drawing style of the individual patient, can impact the resulting area estimate to a significant degree. These issues should be considered before undertaking computerized area estimation of pain drawings.
Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Founding figures and research frontiers in economic geography
Authors: Schäfer Susann , Mayer Heike
Published: October 2019

The editorial for the special issue on entrepreneurial ecosystems summarizes the ongoing debate on the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept and portrays the backgrounds of founding figures of the concept. It traces the unique contribution of this issue with regard to recently published research. The contributions deal with the measurement of and the role of specific actors and institutions in entrepreneurial ecosystems.
From Bulk to Atoms: The Influence of Particle and Cluster Size on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Neuberger Florian , Baranyai Julian , Schmidt Torben , Cottre Thorsten , Kaiser Bernhard , Jaegermann Wolfram , Schäfer Rolf
Published: October 2019

To investigate the influence of particle size in terms of electrocatalysis for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), small Ptnspecies withn=1,10,13$n=1,10,13$atoms and nanoparticles are deposited onto native titanium dioxide. These species are compared to the bare support as well as to bulk platinum with respect to the catalytic activity. Photoelectron spectroscopy showed Pt4f core-level shifts to higher binding energies with decreasing cluster size. In addition, the various species contribute significant density of states into the valence band gap of TiO2, thereby with larger particle size, the resulting band gap narrows. For nanoparticles, metal-like behaviour was already observed. Electrochemical measurements in 0.1 M H2SO4showed the highest overall catalytic activity for bulk platinum and large Pt nanoparticles. A different assertion is obtained when the activities are related to the mass of the catalyst used, indicating that clusters with a size of about ten atoms seem to be most active. In comparison with the results from photoelectron spectroscopy regarding the electronic structure, no clear correlation to the catalytic activity was found. In terms of degradation induced due to the electrochemical treatment, the cluster samples showed no sintering effects, but instead, some detachment took place.
ZnO–TiO2: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Photo Catalytic Activity towards Degradation of Methyl Orange
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Ibrahim Muhammad , Muneer Majid , Akram Nadia , Usman Muhammad , Maqbool Iqra , Adeel Muhammad , Nisar Asif
Published: October 2019

Here in, we report the synthesis and characterization of ZnO–TiO2 composite as a potential photo catalyst for photo degradation of methyl orange under UV irradiation. ZnO–TiO2 with 1:1 ratio was synthesized via wet incipient impregnation method using TiO2 and Zn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6H2O as precursor material and the prepared composite was characterized by XRD, EDX and SEM. The synthesized composite was employed as photo catalyst for photo degradation of methyl orange. The photo degradation results showed that ZnO–TiO2 exhibited better catalytic performance than ZnO and TiO2 alone. The methyl orange photo degradation efficiency was determined to be 98, 75 and 60% over ZnO–TiO2, ZnO and TiO2 respectively using 50 mL solution of 100 mg/L at 40 °C for 120 min. The ZnO–TiO2 catalyzed photo degradation of methyl orange followed pseudo-first-order kinetic in terms of Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism.
A tightened European framework for banks following Brexit
Authors: Schuster Gunnar
Published: October 2019

Brexit has worked as a catalyst for a gradual reshaping of the European bank regulatory landscape. Guidelines and opinions from the European Supervisory Authorities and supervisory expectations promulgated by the European Central Bank have led this trend. This is problematic because policy changes are made simply through regulatory activity rather than deliberate choice of the European Council and the European Parliament. This article makes those policy choices transparent and assesses their impact on business models of internal banking groups.
Budapest legfontosabb városmorfológiai változásai (1867–1918) a szabályozásokon és esettanulmányokon keresztül
Authors: Lovra Éva
Published: October 2019

Budapest városmorfológiai változásainak hátterében nemcsak a szabályozási rendeletek egy-egy megvalósított intézkedése áll, hanem azok a szakemberek is, akik aktívan részt vettek a városszabályozási diskurzusban. Budapest várostervezési, szabályozási rétegei nem értelmezhetők csupán a városmorfológiai elemzések, az aktuális és városrészspecifikus szabályozások által. Az 1872 és 1896 (1894), valamint 1896 (1894) és 1914 között lejátszódó városfejlesztési folyamatok megfelelő értelmezéséhez ismernünk kell a városfejlődés rétegeit, valamint a döntések mögött álló elveket és gyakorlati feladatokat. A tanulmány összefoglalja a városegyesítés utáni időszak tervezési és szabályozási sajátosságait, különös tekintettel a századforduló időszakára. A bemutatott esettanulmányok a szabályozás és tervezés egy-egy aspektusára koncentrálnak a folyamat ismertetése mellett. A pesti belvárosi és a budai oldalon található esettanulmány-területek vizsgálata kitér a területre vonatkozó szabályrendeletek, várostervek, pályázati anyagok, írott és rajzolt dokumentumok áttekintésére; a városmorfológiai változások elemzésére; a korabeli tervezéselméleti elvek megfeleltetésére és hozzárendelésére, valamint a területre vonatkozó főbb szabályozás áttekintésére.
Infestações de Meloidogyne exigua em clones asiáticos de seringueira no Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Pezzoni Filho José Carlos , Brida Andressa Lima , Takata William Hiroshi Suekane , Wilcken Silvia Renata Siciliano , Furtado Edson Luiz
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O cultivo de seringueira apresenta entre os problemas fitossanitários a incidência do nematoide das galhas, mais especificamente o Meloidogyne exigua raça 3, demonstrando relevante importância para a cultura, fato constatado na presente avaliação, pois levou ao abandono do plantio. Neste experimento foi avaliada a infestação de M. exigua em plantio de seringueira, sem identificação do porta-enxerto, nas raízes e no solo, nos clones GT 1, PR 255, PB 235, PB 217 e RRIM 600 e, foi verificada as infestações entre os clones/ enxertos e, entre populações avaliadas em dois períodos do ano de 2013. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Itiquira – MT, sendo que em cada ponto coletou-se amostras de raízes e solo, com amostragem em maio e novembro. A análise nematológica das raízes e solo foi efetuada conforme metodologias especifica. A análise estatística foi realizada em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, com esquema fatorial 5 x 2 e 15 repetições. Os dados de infestações foram transformadas em log (X+1) e submetidos à análise de variância e, quando significativos, as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. As populações foram altas em todos os clones, sendo que as infestações, nas raízes e no solo, em maio foram maiores do que em novembro. As infestações de M. exigua nas raízes e no solo, médias entre os dados de maio e novembro nos clones/ enxertos avaliados, não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si pelo teste de Tukey, porém, houve diferença significativa pelo mesmo teste entre as infestações médias dos meses.de maio e novembro.
Spray volumes and fungicide rates on Asian soybean rust control
Authors: Chechi Amanda , Forcelini Carlos Alberto , Boller Walter
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different spray volumes and fungicide rates on Asian soybean rust control. Experiments were conducted in the field and in the laboratory during 2014 and 2016. We varied the fungicide rates (45 + 52.5, 60 + 70 and 75 + 87.5 g a.i. ha-1 for the mixture trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole, and 45 + 22.5, 60 + 30 and 75 + 37.5 g a.i. ha-1 for azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr) and the spray volume (100, 150 and 200 L ha-1) for application on soybean plants in the field. Another experiment was conducted in the laboratory, using the recommended rates of the fungicides trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (60 + 70 g a.i. ha-1) and azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr (60 + 30 g a.i. ha-1). The spray volume of 200 L ha-1 resulted in the best disease control only for the third out of three applications carried out in the field (control between 68.4% and 70.1%). However, there was no statistical difference in grain yield for all tested spray volumes when we used the recommended fungicide rates (3422, 3526 and 3601 kg ha-1) or higher rates (3529, 3586 and 3550 kg ha-1). The decrease in the fungicide rate directly implied reduced rust control for both experiments (20 to 39% in the field and up to 71.4% in the laboratory).
Sobrevivência e viabilidade de escleródios de Botrytis squamosa no solo
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Schelter Mayra Luiza
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Em experimento de campo quantificou-se a sobrevivência e a viabilidade de escleródios de Botrytis squamosa no solo. Cem escleródios multiplicados pela técnica de esfregaço de micélio em meio de cultura BDA foram colocados em saquinhos feito de tecido voal. Em armação de madeira contendo solo, colocaram-se 12 repetições respectivamente na superfície e enterrados a 10 centímetros. Mensalmente os saquinhos foram retirados de cada posição, lavados em água corrente e submetidos à compressão com dedo para constatar-se os mesmos mantinham-se intactos. Os escleródios intactos foram submetidos à assepsia com álcool 70% durante um minuto, hipoclorito de sódio 1,25% por três minutos e em água estéril para lavagem, em seguida depositado em placas contendo meio BDA e acondicionado em câmara de crescimento a 20ºC sem luz. Três dias após a incubação realizava-se a contagem dos escleródios germinados. Os escleródios coletados na superfície e enterrados perderam sua viabilidade após oito meses. Os escleródios de B. squamosa na superfície tendem a perderem sua viabilidade num período de tempo menor que os enterrados.
Socioeconomic status throughout life and body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vieira Luna Strieder , Bierhals Isabel Oliveira , Vaz Juliana dos Santos , Meller Fernanda de Oliveira , Wehrmeister Fernando César , Assunção Maria Cecília Formoso
Published: October 2019

Abstract: This article aimed to systematically review the association between socioeconomic status according to the life course models and the body mass index (BMI) in adults. A review was performed following the guidelines of the PRISMA. The studies were identified in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS and Web of Science databases. The eligible articles investigated the association between at least one life course model (risk accumulation, critical period or social mobility) and BMI. In order to assess the quality of the selected articles, the NOS checklist was applied to each study. Eleven articles were selected for the systematic review, and seven articles were selected for the meta-analysis. The average score and the median in the NOS checklist were 6.4, within a maximum possible score of 8 points. The most used model was social mobility. Regarding meta-analysis, there was association between lower life course socioeconomic status and BMI among women. BMI mean difference (MD) was higher among those who remained with low socioeconomic status throughout life when compared with those who maintained a high socioeconomic status (MD: 2.17, 95%CI: 1.48; 2.86). Before that, the BMI MD was higher among those with upward mobility, compared with those who maintained a high socioeconomic status throughout life (MD: 1.20, 95%CI: 0.73; 1.68). The risk of overweight was also higher among women who maintained low socioeconomic status (summary RR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.05; 2.74); however, according to the GRADE, the studies presented very low quality evidence. For men, no association was observed. Having low socioeconomic status sometime during life is associated with higher BMI in adulthood.
Fatores ambientais e conscientização sobre o câncer colorretal em pessoas com risco familiar
Authors: Pacheco-Pérez Luis Arturo , Ruíz-González Karla Judith , de-la-Torre-Gómez Aldo César Gómez , Guevara-Valtier Milton Carlos , Rodríguez-Puente Linda Azucena , Gutiérrez-Valverde Juana Mercedes
Published: October 2019

Objetivo identificar a associação entre os fatores de risco ambientais e a conscientização sobre o câncer colorretal em pessoas com risco familiar. Método estudo correlacional de corte transversal, cuja amostra foi constituída por pessoas que cumpriam pelo menos um dos critérios de Bethesda Revisados, sendo 80 participantes incluídos no estudo. Foram utilizados uma ficha com dados sociodemográficos, o Teste AUDIT para o consumo de álcool, o Teste de Fagerström para o tabagismo, a escala de Estimativa e Consumo de Alimentos, e o questionário Cancer Awareness Measure para avaliar a conscientização sobre o câncer colorretal. O índice de massa corporal foi calculado, e estatísticas descritivas e o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson foram usados para estimar a associação. Resultados o sexo feminino foi o mais prevalente, com média de idade de 37,8 anos, quase metade dos participantes apresentava sobrepeso, 45% apresentavam sintomas de dependência de álcool, metade da amostra teve o fator hereditário relacionado com o desenvolvimento de câncer colorretal, e menos da metade conhecia programas preventivos deste câncer. Conclusão há pouca informação sobre os principais fatores de risco ambientais, sinais e sintomas do câncer colorretal, e nenhuma associação significativa foi encontrada entre eles e conscientização sobre o câncer colorretal.
Uso de biomarcador cotinina em trabalhadores para detecção da doença da folha verde do tabaco
Authors: Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina , Cargnin Marcia Casaril dos Santos
Published: October 2019

Objetivo verificar, por meio da tecnologia de biomarcador de cotinina urinária, a ocorrência da doença da folha verde do tabaco em trabalhadores que cultivam tabaco do tipo Burley. Método estudo caso-controle pareado, com base no status tabágico e na proporção 1:4, com participação de 20 trabalhadores-caso e 91 controles. Para a coleta de dados foi realizada entrevista por meio de inquérito domiciliar e coleta de urina para exame de cotinina. Foram utilizados os testes t de Student, Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado de Pearson ou exato de Fisher. Resultados dos 23 casos suspeitos, 20 apresentaram níveis elevados de cotinina, sinais e sintomas de dor de cabeça, irritação de pele, náusea, enjoo e mal-estar geral, principalmente pela manhã. A maioria trabalhou com tabaco molhado decorrente do sereno e o clima estava quente. Conclusão verificam-se sinais sugestivos da doença da folha verde do tabaco nos trabalhadores do tabaco Burley. Faz-se necessária a atuação de profissionais de saúde no desenvolvimento de ações promotoras de saúde e preventivas sobre essa doença relacionada ao trabalho.
Seneciosis in cattle associated with ingestion of Senecio brasiliensis under different forms of consumption in Santa Catarina state, Brazil
Authors: Biffi Claudia P. , Ogliari Daiane , Melchioretto Elaine , Traverso Sandra D. , Gava Aldo
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT: This study identified the different forms of ingestion of Senecio brasiliensis in cattle, diagnosed by the Animal Pathology Laboratory at CAV-UDESC, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. A retrospective evaluation from 1987 to 2016 showed that ingestion has occurred voluntarily due to the presence of the adult plant in native field and/or involuntary, due to the presence of the plant in hay and silage, provided in the trough together with other pastures or by contamination in grain residues. These different forms of ingestion demonstrate the importance of epidemiologic investigation in the diagnosis of seneciosis.
Outbreaks of nutritional cardiomyopathy in pigs in Brazil
Authors: Cruz Raquel A.S. , Bassuino Daniele M. , Reis Matheus O. , Laisse Cláudio J.M. , Pavarin Saulo P. , Sonne Luciana , Kessler Alexandre M. , Driemeier David
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition that affects the myocardium, seldom reported in pigs. The DCM is characterized by ventricular dilation, which results in systolic and secondary diastolic dysfunction and can lead to arrhythmia and fatal congestive heart failure. This study described the clinical, pathological, chemical and toxicological findings of nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in nursery pigs through natural and experimental studies. Naturally occurring cases of DCM in three swine farms were investigated through necropsy (fourteen pigs), microscopic, virological, chemical and toxicological exams for the detection of the etiology. The experimental study was conducted with nine 40 days-old piglets, which were divided into three groups of three piglets each. Group 1 was fed with the suspected diet of the naturally occurring cases, Group 2 with half of the suspected diet and half of a control diet, and Group 3 received only the control diet. Clinical signs were recorded. All pigs were submitted of euthanized, necropsie and collection sample for laboratories exams, after 15 days of experiment onset. At the necropsy, all naturally occurring cases had bilateral cardiac dilatation associated to hepatic enhanced lobular pattern (nutmeg liver) and lungs edema. Microscopically, the heart revealed severe hypertrophy and vacuolization of cardiomyocytes, as well as myofiber disarray. Feed analysis revealed low-quality standard soybean meal. After the suspected feed was replaced, clinically ill pigs recovered, and mortality ceased. At the experimental study, two piglets from Group 1 had cough, dyspnea and diarrhea. At the necropsy, these animals had similar gross and microscopic lesions to the natural cases. The nutritional DCM in pigs may be associated to the diet with low-quality soybean meal, as it was further confirmed through an experimental study.
Modeling hourly air temperature based on internationally agreed times and the daily minimum temperature
Authors: Radons Sidinei Z. , Heldwein Arno B. , Loose Luís H. , Bortoluzzi Mateus P. , Brand Silvane I. , Engers Lana B. de O.
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT There are several fields that require knowledge of air temperature variation throughout the day, such as disease prediction or calculation of chill-hours. However, automatic meteorological stations are not always located in the vicinity to accurately monitor this variable. In this sense, models that describe the daily temporal variation of air temperature can be used to meet this demand, and transform the climatic data series of conventional meteorological stations into an estimated hourly series. The aim of this study was to adjust and validate models for the hourly air temperature variation through data obtained at internationally agreed times (0, 12 and 18 h Universal Time Coordinated: UTC) and the daily minimum air temperature. The hourly database of the automatic station was used for model adjustment and validation. Functions were adjusted based on values measured at internationally agreed times and the daily minimum air temperature for certain daily variation patterns. The air temperature estimation was performed on an hourly basis using sinusoidal and linear models. The model that presented the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) was used for the estimation. The accuracy of the air temperature estimates varied according to the time, presenting RMSE from 0.7 to 1.6 °C, with maximum mean deviation of 0.4 °C. The results of this study showcase the necessity of knowledge of the daily air temperature variation, as well as a series of data from conventional meteorological stations, which can be estimated using hourly models.
Physico-chemical characteristics of passion fruit flour under removal of flavedo and of maceration
Authors: Silva Elaine C. O. da , Silva Wilton P. da , Gomes Josivanda P. , Silva Cleide D. P. da S. e , Souto Leidjane M. de , Costa Zanelli R. T.
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Passion fruit has the peel (albedo and flavedo) as its major component and it can be used in the production of flour as source of nutrients and enrichment of food products. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the production of flours from passion fruit albedo and whole peel, verifying the influences of flavedo removal and maceration, as well as the variation in drying temperature (70 and 80 °C) on the physical and chemical characteristics of the flours. The flours has a light color with slight trend to red and stronger trend to yellow. Moisture content is within the limits established by the current norms of ANVISA (a maximum of 15%). The flavedo removal contributed to the increase of water, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations. However, it reduced moisture, ash, protein, lipids and carbohydrates concentrations. On the other hand, the maceration decreases luminosity, lipids and carbohydrates and increases the chromaticity a* and b* and moisture in the flours. In relation to the increase in temperature, a decrease was observed in the protein concentration and an increase in the concentration of ash and lipids. Based on centesimal composition, the flour should be prepared with whole peel without maceration and dried at 80 °C.