bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lusophony Pentecostal Churches in Berlin: Religious Identities Between Integration and Transatlantic Boundaries
Authors: van der Hoek Stefan
Published: December 2021

Although migration is a constant in human history, current trajectories have new quantitative and qualitative features with religious implications, which are addressed in this article. What is new and paradoxical about what is commonly referred to as globalization is the diffuse nature of worldwide migration and the mobility of people, ideas, and goods. This article therefore explores how members of Brazilian Pentecostal congregations in Berlin use specific functions and patterns of interpretation communicated or generated by discourses of the churches to cope with the lack of social capital in a new social and cultural environment and how their interpretations and orientations shape everyday actions. This article is an attempt to capture the ambiguous role of religious resources in the process of migration and social integration as well as the actions of community members. Although a growing body of literature explores the influence of migrant organizations on its members, new church actors of Christian migrants in Germany are rarely considered as drivers of religious pluralization. Therefore, this article reflects on the different functions of Brazilian Pentecostal congregations for the integration of Lusophone Pentecostal migrants in Berlin. In order to identify the functions of Pentecostal organizations, a theoretical framework is determined and related to the statements of the interview partners and to findings from observations. To answer the research question, this article draws on field research conducted between November 2019 and June 2020. The empirical analysis uses data from four narrative interviews and over 40 participant observations in four different transnational congregations belonging to a Brazilian Pentecostal network of churches. The results show that individual religiosity and belonging to a particular religious group not only provide social relationships and a network of solidarity for individuals, but also reinterpret the social exclusion and marginalization of migrants.
Quarreling After a Sleepless Night: Preliminary Evidence of the Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Interpersonal Conflict
Authors: Cernadas Curotto Patricia , Sterpenich Virginie , Sander David , Favez Nicolas , Rimmele Ulrike , Klimecki Olga
Published: December 2021

Although poor sleep has been found to correlate with deteriorations in romantic relationships, its causal impact on interpersonal conflict has not previously been studied. Therefore, 30 couples were randomly assigned to either a single night of total sleep deprivation or a night of normal sleep to test the effects of sleep deprivation on couples’ conflict. After the experimental night, all participants discussed a topic of recurrent conflict for 15 min. We collected pre- and post-conflict measures of cortisol, self-reports of feelings, and satisfaction with the conflictual discussion. Multilevel analyses revealed higher cortisol levels during conflict and less positive affect prior to and after the conflict for sleep-deprived couples compared to couples in the control condition. These findings provide initial evidence for a causal negative impact of sleep deprivation on couples’ conflicts.
Fundamentals of genomic epidemiology, lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and new directions
Authors: Jacob Machado Denis , White Richard Allen , Kofsky Janice , Janies Daniel A.
Published: December 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was one of the significant causes of death worldwide in 2020. The disease is caused by severe acute coronavirus syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an RNA virus of the subfamilyOrthocoronavirinaerelated to 2 other clinically relevant coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Like other coronaviruses and several other viruses, SARS-CoV-2 originated in bats. However, unlike other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a devastating pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic rages on due to viral evolution that leads to more transmissible and immune evasive variants. Technology such as genomic sequencing has driven the shift from syndromic to molecular epidemiology and promises better understanding of variants. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed critical impediments that must be addressed to develop the science of pandemics. Much of the progress is being applied in the developed world. However, barriers to the use of molecular epidemiology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain, including lack of logistics for equipment and reagents and lack of training in analysis. We review the molecular epidemiology literature to understand its origins from the SARS epidemic (2002–2003) through influenza events and the current COVID-19 pandemic. We advocate for improved genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV and understanding the pathogen diversity in potential zoonotic hosts. This work will require training in phylogenetic and high-performance computing to improve analyses of the origin and spread of pathogens. The overarching goals are to understand and abate zoonosis risk through interdisciplinary collaboration and lowering logistical barriers.
Statistical stability and linear response for random hyperbolic dynamics
Authors: DRAGIČEVIĆ DAVOR , SEDRO JULIEN
Published: December 2021

We consider families of random products of close-by Anosov diffeomorphisms, and show that statistical stability and linear response hold for the associated families of equivariant and stationary measures. Our analysis relies on the study of the top Oseledets space of a parametrized transfer operator cocycle, as well as ad-hoc abstract perturbation statements. As an application, we show that, when the quenched central limit theorem (CLT) holds, under the conditions that ensure linear response for our cocycle, the variance in the CLT depends differentiably on the parameter.
Using bed-roughness signatures to characterise glacial landform assemblages beneath palaeo-ice sheets
Authors: Falcini Francesca A. M. , Krabbendam Maarten , Selby Katherine A. , Rippin David M.
Published: December 2021

Palaeo-glacial landforms can give insights into bed roughness that currently cannot be captured underneath contemporary-ice streams. A few studies have measured bed roughness of palaeo-ice streams but the bed roughness of specific landform assemblages has not been assessed. If glacial landform assemblages have a characteristic bed-roughness signature, this could potentially be used to constrain where certain landform assemblages exist underneath contemporary-ice sheets. To test this, bed roughness was calculated along 5 m × 5 m resolution transects (NEXTMap DTM, 5 m resolution), which were placed over glacial landform assemblages (e.g. drumlins) in the UK. We find that a combination of total roughness and anisotropy of roughness can be used to define characteristic roughness signatures of glacial landform assemblages. The results show that different window sizes are required to determine the characteristic roughness for a wide range of landform types and to produce bed-roughness signatures of these. Mega scale glacial lineations on average have the lowest bed-roughness values and are the most anisotropic landform assemblage.
Tráfico, movilidad y dieta entre el oasis de Pica y la costa árida del desierto de Atacama durante el periodo Intermedio tardío (norte de Chile)
Authors: Núñez Lautaro , Santana-Sagredo Francisca
Published: December 2021

Siguiendo una línea de análisis interdisciplinario se presentan los resultados en relación con la dieta y la movilidad en la zona arreica del norte de Chile durante el periodo Intermedio tardío (900-1450 dC). Se propone evaluar el cementerio sincrónico Pica-8 por su situación como un nodo intermedio entre el altiplano y el litoral. Representa a una población agraria orientada al cultivo tropical-semitropical en un oasis sustentado en vertientes con especialidad maicera y artesanías de alta complejidad. Con el objetivo de caracterizar a la población de Pica-8 se evaluaron diferentes líneas de evidencias: fechados radiocarbónicos, isótopos estables para el estudio de dieta y movilidad, y sus relaciones con los contextos funerarios. Los resultados presentan una alta variabilidad en la dieta de grupos que consumen recursos mixtos marinos y terrestres, además de maíz. Se reporta la presencia de objetos no locales que sugiere que Pica efectivamente actuó como un punto intermedio entre el litoral y el altiplano. No se observa ninguna relación entre el ajuar funerario y la dieta. Se sugiere que bajo un contexto de armonía social las poblaciones de la costa y el oasis de Pica estuvieron en contacto permanente.
SOMETIMES LESS IS MORE
Authors: Ito Kiwako , Wong Wynne
Published: December 2021

Effects of phonetically variable input (PVI) for processing instruction (PI) training and the number of training items were tested with a picture-selection eye-tracking task. Intermediate second language (L2) learners of French (n = 174) were tested before and after they received either a short (24 items), medium (48), or long (96) training on the causative structure with either single- or multivoice input. PI improved picture-selection accuracy from about 10% to above 50% regardless of the training size. Eye-tracking data showed a reduction in looks to the incorrect picture only after the short and medium training: it surfaced regardless of voice variability after the short training, whereas multivoice training led to a greater reduction after the medium training. Long training did not yield a reliable reduction of incorrect looks regardless of voice variability. Taken together, PVI does not hinder L2 syntactic learning. Learners may benefit more from a relatively shorter training with PVI.
Internalizing–externalizing comorbidity and regional brain volumes in the ABCD study
Authors: Schettini Elana , Wilson Sylia , Beauchaine Theodore P.
Published: December 2021

Despite nonoverlapping diagnostic criteria, internalizing and externalizing disorders show substantial comorbidity. This comorbidity is attributable, at least in part, to transdiagnostic neuroaffective mechanisms. Both unipolar depression and externalizing disorders are characterized by structural and functional compromises in the striatum and its projections to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and other frontal regions. Smaller volumes and dampened reward responding in these regions are associated with anhedonia and irritability – mood states that cut across the internalizing and externalizing spectra. In contrast, smaller amygdala volumes and dampened amygdala function differentiate externalizing disorders from internalizing disorders. Little is known, however, about associations between internalizing–externalizing comorbidity and brain volumes in these regions, or whether such patterns differ by sex. Using a transdiagnostic, research domain criteria (RDoC)-informed approach, we evaluate associations between heterotypic (Internalizing × Externalizing) symptom interactions and striatal, amygdalar, and ACC volumes among participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (N = 6,971, mean age 9.9 years, 51.6% female). Heterotypic symptoms were associated with ACC volumes for both sexes, over and above the main effects of internalizing and externalizing alone. However, heterotypic comorbidity was associated with larger ACC volumes for girls, but with smaller ACC volumes for boys. These findings suggest a need for further studies and transdiagnostic assessment by sex.
Child maltreatment severity and sleep variability predict mother–infant RSA coregulation
Authors: Brown Samantha M. , Lunkenheimer Erika , LeBourgeois Monique , Heilman Keri
Published: December 2021

Regulatory processes underlie mother-infant interactions and may be disrupted in adverse caregiving environments. Child maltreatment and sleep variability may reflect high-risk caregiving, but it is unknown whether they confer vulnerability for poorer mother–infant parasympathetic coordination. The aim of this study was to examine mother–infant coregulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in relation to child maltreatment severity and night-to-night sleep variability in 47 low-income mother–infant dyads. Maternal and infant sleep was assessed with actigraphy and daily diaries for 7 nights followed by a mother–infant still-face procedure during which RSA was measured. Higher maltreatment severity was associated with weakened concordance in RSA coregulation related to the coupling of higher mother RSA with lower infant RSA, suggesting greater infant distress and lower maternal support. In addition, higher infant sleep variability was associated with infants’ lower mean RSA and concordance in lagged RSA coregulation such that lower maternal RSA predicted lower infant RSA across the still-face procedure, suggesting interrelated distress. The findings indicate that adverse caregiving environments differentially impact regulatory patterns in mother–infant dyads, which may inform modifiable health-risk behaviors as targets for future intervention.
Developmental consequences of early life stress on risk for psychopathology: Longitudinal associations with children's multisystem physiological regulation and executive functioning
Authors: Rudd Kristen L. , Roubinov Danielle S. , Jones-Mason Karen , Alkon Abbey , Bush Nicole R.
Published: December 2021

The etiology of psychopathology is multifaceted and warrants consideration of factors at multiple levels and across developmental time. Although experiences of adversity in early life have been associated with increased risk of developing psychopathology, pathways toward maladaptation or resilience are complex and depend upon a variety of factors, including individuals’ physiological regulation and cognitive functioning. Therefore, in a longitudinal cohort of 113 mother–child dyads, we explored associations from early adverse experiences to physiological coregulation across multiple systems and subsequent variations in executive functioning. Latent profile analysis derived multisystem profiles based on children's heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, pre-ejection period, and cortisol measured during periods of rest and reactivity throughout a developmentally challenging protocol. Three distinct profiles of multisystem regulation emerged: heightened multisystem baseline activity (anticipatory arousal/ autonomic nervous system [ANS] responder), typically adaptive patterns across all systems (active copers/mobilizers), and heightened hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity (HPA axis responders). Path models revealed that children exposed to adversity before 18 months were more likely to evidence an anticipatory arousal/ANS responders response at 36 months, and children in this profile had lower executive functioning scores than the active copers/mobilizers. In sum, these findings provide important information about potential physiological associations linking early adversity to variations in children's task-based executive functioning.
Mental Health and the PhD: Insights and Implications for Political Science
Authors: Almasri Nasir , Read Blair , Vandeweerdt Clara
Published: December 2021

There is a severe mental health crisis among graduate students in political science. We present findings from an original survey on the mental health of political science PhD students at seven US universities. Our results are concerning: 15.8% expressed thoughts of suicide in the two weeks prior to taking the survey. About 30% of respondents met the criteria for depression and only a third of those were receiving treatment. Approximately 32% met the criteria for anxiety and fewer than half were receiving treatment. We also found that students with poorer mental health were more isolated, had fewer friends in their department and fewer people to turn to for help, and were more likely to contemplate dropping out of their program. Our study raises important questions about the experiences of graduate students during the PhD program and serves as an urgent call to action to address the well-being of our colleagues.
The consequences of US technology changes for productivity in advanced economies
Authors: Elstner Steffen , Rujin Svetlana
Published: December 2021

Since at least the mid-2000s, many advanced economies have experienced low productivity growth. This development is often related to declining productivity gains at the technology frontier, which is largely determined by the US. We challenge this explanation by studying the effects of US technology shocks on productivity levels in advanced economies. We find positive but small spillovers of US technology shocks. For many countries, the elasticity of their productivity with respect to a 1% increase in the US technology level is significantly lower than 1. Thus, the recent US productivity slowdown must have had a limited effect on productivity developments in advanced economies. Nevertheless, after 5 years, the degree of productivity spillovers varies across countries. Therefore, we analyze the role of institutions in shaping these results. Our findings suggest that isolated institutional characteristics are not able to explain the observed various spillover degrees.
The Effects of Climate Change on Interregional Electricity Market Dynamics on the U.S. West Coast
Authors: Hill Joy , Kern Jordan , Rupp David E. , Voisin Nathalie , Characklis Gregory
Published: December 2021

The United States (U.S.) West Coast power system is strongly influenced by variability and extremes in air temperatures (which drive electricity demand) and streamflows (which control hydropower availability). As hydroclimate changes across the West Coast, a combination of forces may work in tandem to make its bulk power system more vulnerable to physical reliability issues and market price shocks. In particular, a warmer climate is expected to increase summer cooling (electricity) demands and shift the average timing of peak streamflow (hydropower production) away from summer to the spring and winter, depriving power systems of hydropower when it is needed the most. Here, we investigate how climate change could alter interregional electricity market dynamics on the West Coast, including the potential for hydroclimatic changes in one region (e.g., Pacific Northwest (PNW)) to “spill over” and cause price and reliability risks in another (e.g., California). We find that the most salient hydroclimatic risks for the PNW power system are changes in streamflow, while risks for the California system are driven primarily by changes in summer air temperatures, especially extreme heat events that increase peak system demand. Altered timing and amounts of hydropower production in the PNW do alter summer power deliveries into California but show relatively modest potential to impact prices and reliability there. Instead, our results suggest future extreme heat in California could exert a stronger influence on prices and reliability in the PNW, especially if California continues to rely on its northern neighbor for imported power to meet higher summer demands.
Bolstering fitness via CO2 fixation and organic carbon uptake: mixotrophs in modern groundwater
Authors: Taubert Martin , Overholt Will A , Heinze Beatrix M , Matanfack Georgette Azemtsop , Houhou Rola , Jehmlich Nico , von Bergen Martin , Rösch Petra , Popp Jürgen , Küsel Kirsten
Published: December 2021

Current understanding of organic carbon inputs into ecosystems lacking photosynthetic primary production is predicated on data and inferences derived almost entirely from metagenomic analyses. The elevated abundances of putative chemolithoautotrophs in groundwaters suggest that dark CO2 fixation is an integral component of subsurface trophic webs. To understand the impact of autotrophically fixed carbon, the flux of CO2-derived carbon through various populations of subsurface microbiota must first be resolved, both quantitatively and temporally. Here we implement novel Stable Isotope Cluster Analysis to render a time-resolved and quantitative evaluation of 13CO2-derived carbon flow through a groundwater community in microcosms stimulated with reduced sulfur compounds. We demonstrate that mixotrophs, not strict autotrophs, were the most abundant active organisms in groundwater microcosms. Species of Hydrogenophaga, Polaromonas, Dechloromonas, and other metabolically versatile mixotrophs drove the production and remineralization of organic carbon. Their activity facilitated the replacement of 43% and 80% of total microbial carbon stores in the groundwater microcosms with 13C in just 21 and 70 days, respectively. The mixotrophs employed different strategies for satisfying their carbon requirements by balancing CO2 fixation and uptake of available organic compounds. These different strategies might provide fitness under nutrient-limited conditions, explaining the great abundances of mixotrophs in other oligotrophic habitats, such as the upper ocean and boreal lakes.
Lineage-specific energy and carbon metabolism of sponge symbionts and contributions to the host carbon pool
Authors: Burgsdorf I , Sizikov S , Squatrito V , Britstein M , Slaby B M , Cerrano C , Handley K M , Steindler L
Published: December 2021

Marine sponges host a wide diversity of microorganisms, which have versatile modes of carbon and energy metabolism. In this study we describe the major lithoheterotrophic and autotrophic processes in 21 microbial sponge-associated phyla using novel and existing genomic and transcriptomic datasets. We show that the main microbial carbon fixation pathways in sponges are the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle (energized by light in Cyanobacteria, by sulfur compounds in two orders of Gammaproteobacteria, and by a wide range of compounds in filamentous Tectomicrobia), the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle (used by Nitrospirota), and the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle (active in Thaumarchaeota). Further, we observed that some sponge symbionts, in particular Acidobacteria, are capable of assimilating carbon through anaplerotic processes. The lithoheterotrophic lifestyle was widespread and CO oxidation is the main energy source for sponge lithoheterotrophs. We also suggest that the molybdenum-binding subunit of dehydrogenase (encoded by coxL) likely evolved to benefit also organoheterotrophs that utilize various organic substrates. Genomic potential does not necessarily inform on actual contribution of autotrophs to light and dark carbon budgets. Radioisotope assays highlight variability in the relative contributions of photo- and chemoautotrophs to the total carbon pool across different sponge species, emphasizing the importance of validating genomic potential with physiology experimentation.
Controlled spatial organization of bacterial growth reveals key role of cell filamentation preceding Xylella fastidiosa biofilm formation
Authors: Anbumani Silambarasan , da Silva Aldeliane M. , Carvalho Isis G. B. , Fischer Eduarda Regina , de Souza e Silva Mariana , von Zuben Antonio Augusto G. , Carvalho Hernandes F. , de Souza Alessandra A. , Janissen Richard , Cotta Monica A.
Published: December 2021

The morphological plasticity of bacteria to form filamentous cells commonly represents an adaptive strategy induced by stresses. In contrast, for diverse human and plant pathogens, filamentous cells have been recently observed during biofilm formation, but their functions and triggering mechanisms remain unclear. To experimentally identify the underlying function and hypothesized cell communication triggers of such cell morphogenesis, spatially controlled cell patterning is pivotal. Here, we demonstrate highly selective cell adhesion of the biofilm-forming phytopathogen Xylella fastidiosa to gold-patterned SiO2 substrates with well-defined geometries and dimensions. The consequent control of both cell density and distances between cell clusters demonstrated that filamentous cell formation depends on cell cluster density, and their ability to interconnect neighboring cell clusters is distance-dependent. This process allows the creation of large interconnected cell clusters that form the structural framework for macroscale biofilms. The addition of diffusible signaling molecules from supernatant extracts provides evidence that cell filamentation is induced by quorum sensing. These findings and our innovative platform could facilitate therapeutic developments targeting biofilm formation mechanisms of X. fastidiosa and other pathogens.
Embedding knowledge on ontology into the corpus by topic to improve the performance of deep learning methods in sentiment analysis
Authors: Nguyen Duy Ngoc , Phan Tuoi Thi , Do Phuc
Published: December 2021

Sentiment classification, which uses deep learning algorithms, has achieved good results when tested with popular datasets. However, it will be challenging to build a corpus on new topics to train machine learning algorithms in sentiment classification with high confidence. This study proposes a method that processes embedding knowledge in the ontology of opinion datasets called knowledge processing and representation based on ontology (KPRO) to represent the significant features of the dataset into the word embedding layer of deep learning algorithms in sentiment classification. Unlike the methods that lexical encode or add information to the corpus, this method adds presentation of raw data based on the expert’s knowledge in the ontology. Once the data has a rich knowledge of the topic, the efficiency of the machine learning algorithms is significantly enhanced. Thus, this method is appliable to embed knowledge in datasets in other languages. The test results show that deep learning methods achieved considerably higher accuracy when trained with the KPRO method’s dataset than when trained with datasets not processed by this method. Therefore, this method is a novel approach to improve the accuracy of deep learning algorithms and increase the reliability of new datasets, thus making them ready for mining.
Tankyrase-1-mediated degradation of Golgin45 regulates glycosyltransferase trafficking and protein glycosylation in Rab2-GTP-dependent manner
Authors: Yue Xihua , Tiwari Neeraj , Zhu Lianhui , Ngo Hai Dang Truong , Lim Jae-Min , Gim Bopil , Jing Shuaiyang , Wang Yijing , Qian Yi , Lee Intaek
Published: December 2021

Altered glycosylation plays an important role during development and is also a hallmark of increased tumorigenicity and metastatic potentials of several cancers. We report here that Tankyrase-1 (TNKS1) controls protein glycosylation by Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) of a Golgi structural protein, Golgin45, at the Golgi. TNKS1 is a Golgi-localized peripheral membrane protein that plays various roles throughout the cell, ranging from telomere maintenance to Glut4 trafficking. Our study indicates that TNKS1 localization to the Golgi apparatus is mediated by Golgin45. TNKS1-dependent control of Golgin45 protein stability influences protein glycosylation, as shown by Glycomic analysis. Further, FRAP experiments indicated that Golgin45 protein level modulates Golgi glycosyltransferease trafficking in Rab2-GTP-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that TNKS1-dependent regulation of Golgin45 may provide a molecular underpinning for altered glycosylation at the Golgi during development or oncogenic transformation.
Stomach secretes estrogen in response to the blood triglyceride levels
Authors: Ito Takao , Yamamoto Yuta , Yamagishi Naoko , Kanai Yoshimitsu
Published: December 2021

Mammals receive body energy information to maintain energy homeostasis. Ghrelin, insulin, leptin and vagal afferents transmit the status of fasting, blood glucose, body fat, and food intake, respectively. Estrogen also inhibits feeding behavior and lipogenesis, but increases body fat mass. However, how blood triglyceride levels are monitored and the physiological roles of estrogen from the perspective of lipid homeostasis remain unsettled. Here, we show that stomach secretes estrogen in response to the blood triglyceride levels. Estrogen-secreting gastric parietal cells predominantly use fatty acids as an energy source. Blood estrogen levels increase as blood triglyceride levels rise in a stomach-dependent manner. Estrogen levels in stomach tissues increase as blood triglyceride levels rise, and isolated gastric gland epithelium produces estrogen in a fatty acid-dependent manner. We therefore propose that stomach monitors and controls blood triglyceride levels using estrogen, which inhibits feeding behavior and lipogenesis, and promotes triglyceride uptake by adipocytes.
Bioorthogonally applicable multicolor fluorogenic naphthalimide–tetrazine probes with aggregation-induced emission characters
Authors: Wang Yongcheng , Teng Yu , Yang Hong , Li Xiang , Yin Dali , Tian Yulin
Published: December 2021

A series of naphthalimide–tetrazines were developed as bioorthogonal fluorogenic probes with multicolor emissions and aggregation-induced emission characters.
Robust and color-tunable afterglows from guanidine derivatives
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Li Yuxuan , Chen Xiaohong , Zhang Yongming , Yuan Wang Zhang
Published: December 2021

Robust and color-tunable afterglows are achieved from guanidine derivative solids even in single crystals through synergistic clustering and hydrogen-bonding effects.
Can calculated harmonic vibrational spectra rationalize the structure of TiC-based nanoparticles?
Authors: Piñero Juan José , Kerkeni Boutheïna , Viñes Francesc , Bromley Stefan T.
Published: December 2021

A systematic theoretical analysis of calculated infrared spectra using density functional theory based calculations places new constraints on the interpretation of experimental spectra obtained for TiC-based nanoparticles.
Experimental and computational investigation of the bond energy of thorium dicarbonyl cation and theoretical elucidation of its isomerization mechanism to the thermodynamically most stable isomer, thorium oxide ketenylidene cation, OTh+CCO
Authors: Kafle Arjun , Armentrout P. B.
Published: December 2021

The bond energy of (CO)Th+–CO is measured for the first time via collision-induced dissociation of thorium di-carbonyl cation, Th(CO)2+, with Xe using a guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer and compares well with a CCSD(T)/CBS theoretical value.
Catalytic applications of zwitterionic transition metal compounds
Authors: Puerta-Oteo Raquel , Ojeda-Amador Ana I. , Jiménez M. Victoria , Pérez-Torrente Jesús J.
Published: December 2021

Transition metal-based zwitterionic catalysts have been applied in a range of catalytic transformations. The relationship of the catalyst structure and potential applications is highlighted.
Measurement of 87Sr/86Sr in limestones after acid leaching and direct injection in a liquid chromatograph coupled to a multicollector ICP-MS
Authors: Puente-Berdasco B. , Rodríguez J. , Ballesteros D. , Painchault A. , Nehme C. , Mouralis D. , Gil-Ibarguchi J. I. , Martín-Izard A. , Garcia Alonso J. I.
Published: December 2021

The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio in Normandy chalkstones has been measured by LC-MC-ICP-MS to help identify the quarries employed in the construction of medieval monuments.
Application of porous styrene resin loaded carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nano-zero-valent iron for highly efficient hexavalent chromium removal
Authors: Zeng Sijing , Zhong Dengjie , Xu Yunlan , Zhong Nianbing
Published: December 2021

The results of this study provide a new idea for the design of efficient Cr(vi) removal materials based on nZVI.
Ammonium iodide-catalyzed radical-mediated tandem cyclization of aromatic aldehydes, arylamines and 1,4-dioxane
Authors: Liao Yunfeng , Yan Yiyan , Qi Hongrui , Zhang Weijie , Xie Yanjun , Tao Qiang , Deng Jiyong , Yi Bing
Published: December 2021

We have developed a novel approach for the construction of 2-((2-arylquinolin-4-yl)oxy)ethan-1-ol derivatives involving a radical-mediated tandem cyclization reaction.
A novel luminescent phosphor of a metal–organic framework with orange-red emission
Authors: Meng Wei , Sun Lin , Long Yuhao , Wang Qianping , Zhou Lian , Zhang Jun
Published: December 2021

A novel metal–organic framework (compound 1) was rationally designed and successfully constructed using carboxylic acid and pyridine derivatives as bilinkers, possessing good photoluminescence properties with orange-red emission.
Diastereoselective construction of structurally diverse 2,3-dihydroquinolin-4-one scaffolds via redox neutral cascade [1,7]-hydride transfer/cyclization
Authors: Xie Ronghao , Chen Shixiao , Xiang Xianping , Yin Xiangcong , Xu Lubin , Li Shuai-Shuai , Wang Liang , Dong Fengying
Published: December 2021

The 2,3-dihydroquinolin-4-one scaffolds were constructed diastereoselectively via cascade Knoevengel condensation/[1,7]-HT/cyclization/transesterification featuring novel structures and diastereoselective construction of all-carbon quaternary centers.
UV light-driven asymmetric vinylogous aldol reaction of isatins with 2-alkylbenzophenones and enantioselective synthesis of 3-hydroxyoxindoles
Authors: Cao Shixuan , Li Jiatian , Yan Taishan , Han Jie , He Zhengjie
Published: December 2021

A UV light-driven enantioselective synthesis of 3-hydroxyoxindoles is reported for the first time.
Highly ionic conductive and mechanically strong MXene/CNF membranes for osmotic energy conversion
Authors: Sun Zhe , Ahmad Mehraj , Gao Zongxia , Shan Zhu , Xu Liangmao , Wang Sha , Jin Yongcan
Published: December 2021

Controllable ion transport in nanofluidic membranes is highly desirable for industrial applications, including energy harvesting, molecular separation, and nanofiltration.
DC electric field-driven heartbeat phenomenon of gallium-based liquid metal on a floating electrode
Authors: Ge Zhenyou , Tao Ye , Liu Weiyu , Song Chunlei , Xue Rui , Jiang Hongyuan , Ren Yukun
Published: December 2021

A fundamental scientific finding is reported that the non-toxic eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) alloy droplet beats periodically at a certain frequency based on a floating electrode under the stimulation of the direct current (DC) field.
Molecular-based precision oncology clinical decision making augmented by artificial intelligence
Authors: Zeng Jia , Shufean Md Abu
Published: December 2021

The rapid growth and decreasing cost of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have made it possible to conduct routine large panel genomic sequencing in many disease settings, especially in the oncology domain. Furthermore, it is now known that optimal disease management of patients depends on individualized cancer treatment guided by comprehensive molecular testing. However, translating results from molecular sequencing reports into actionable clinical insights remains a challenge to most clinicians. In this review, we discuss about some representative systems that leverage artificial intelligence (AI) to facilitate some processes of clinicians’ decision making based upon molecular data, focusing on their application in precision oncology. Some limitations and pitfalls of the current application of AI in clinical decision making are also discussed.
Robust management and optimization strategy of energy hub based on uncertainties probability modelling in the presence of demand response programs
Authors: Iranpour Mobarakeh Saied , Sadeghi Ramtin , Saghafi Hadi , Delshad Majid
Published: December 2021

The energy hub is considered one of the most important parts of the multi‐carrier energy distribution systems. One of the major challenges facing the energy hub idea is the optimal distribution and management of energy based on renewable and non‐renewable power generation resources in the presence of demand response programs and uncertainties. This study aims to present an optimal management and distribution model of energy based on uncertainties of probability modelling of renewable energy resources, uncertainties of electrical loads (electric vehicles (EVs)), operating and maintenance cost, cost modelling of greenhouse gas emissions, and electric and thermal demand response programs. Therefore, the proposed model is presented based on a robust optimization model and mixed‐integer linear programming. Uncertainties in this research are divided into two categories; technical and economic. The technical part includes the uncertainties caused by renewable energy resources and EVs, simulated based on the Monte Carlo method and their probability distribution function. The economic part includes modelling the uncertainty caused by the price of electricity. The operation model and the objective function of the optimization problem are modelled using the demand response models based on peak shaving and load shifting techniques.
Unsupervised radar signal recognition based on multi‐block – Multi‐view Low‐Rank Sparse Subspace Clustering
Authors: Liu Lutao , Xu Shuai
Published: December 2021

In the field of radar reconnaissance, unsupervised recognition of radar signals is a particularly important method for classifying different signals and estimating signal parameters. For untagged signals, a new unsupervised recognition method based on the time‐frequency (TF) analysis and Multi‐view Low‐Rank Sparse Subspace Clustering (MLRSSC) is proposed. Specifically, the authors use image wavelet decomposition to create four views for TF images (TFIs), which introduces the concept of multi‐view subspace clustering into radar signal recognition. Compared with other advanced clustering algorithms, the authors' algorithm pays more attention to combining the inherent properties of TFIs. Aiming at the unique ridgeline distribution phenomenon of TFI, a multi‐block technology capable of robustly distributing TFIs subspaces is proposed. Then, Multi‐block and MLRSSC are combined to propose the Multi‐block Joint Multi‐view Subspace Clustering (M‐MLRSSC). The simulation shows that in the TFIs data set with a certain signal‐to‐noise ratio, M‐MLRSSC has obtained superior results, which is better than a variety of advanced subspace clustering algorithms.
Ordnungstherapie und Mind-Body-Medizin in Psychiatrie und Psychosomatik
Authors: Bringmann Holger C.
Published: December 2021

Die Ordnungstherapie richtet ihren Blick auf Lebensbereiche und Dimensionen des Menschen, die sich nicht in gesunder Ordnung befinden. Sie steht im Einklang mit der modernen Sichtweise auf biologische, psychosoziale und spirituelle Aspekte von Krankheit und Gesundheit. Sie bildet die Basis für Therapie und Lebensstiländerung in einer naturheilkundlich ausgerichteten, integrativen Psychiatrie.

Ergänzend dazu betont die Mind-Body-Medizin in enger Beziehung zur Psychosomatik die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Gehirn, Geist, Körper und Verhalten. Sie konzentriert sich auf den Einfluss von psychischen, sozialen und spirituellen Faktoren auf die Gesundheit. Das Fallbeispiel einer Frau mit wiederkehrenden depressiven Episoden verdeutlicht die positiven Effekte, die die Anwendung von Programmen der Ordnungstherapie und Mind-Body-Medizin auf den Krankheitsverlauf und einen auch in Hinblick auf die Seele gesunden Lebenswandel haben kann.
Aktuelle radiopharmazeutische Entwicklungen für die
theranostische Anwendung
Authors: Neels Oliver , Kratochwil Clemens , Patt Marianne
Published: December 2021

Ziel der Theranostik – ein aus den Elementen „Therapie“
und „Diagnostik“ gebildetes Kofferwort – ist die
richtige Therapie für den richtigen Patienten zum richtigen Zeitpunkt.
Der Beitrag thematisiert die Grundlagen des Theranostikprinzips anhand der
Eigenschaften von Radionukliden sowie deren Verfügbarkeit.
Sexualität und Behinderung – ein Kommentar aus der Perspektive einer Sexualbegleiterin
Authors: Arnold Edith
Published: December 2021

Die Autorin arbeitet als Sexualbegleiterin. In diesem Beitrag gibt sie Einblicke in ihre Tätigkeit und beschreibt ihre Arbeit mit einem autistischen jungen Mann und die Herausforderungen in der Auseinandersetzung mit seiner Mutter. Sie möchte dazu anregen, darüber nachzudenken, inwiefern Sexualbegleitung dazu beitragen kann, sexuelles Wohlbefinden und sexuelle Entwicklung zu unterstützen sowie sexuelle Übergriffe zu verhindern, und inwiefern eine feste Verankerung in Einrichtungen möglich und sinnvoll ist.
Fasten und Langlebigkeit
Authors: Kleine-Gunk Bernd
Published: December 2021

Epidemiologische Studien, unter anderem aus Japan, legen nahe, dass eine Kalorienrestriktion nicht nur im Tierversuch, sondern auch bei Menschen lebensverlängernd wirkt. Unter den zahlreichen Fastenvarianten sind diejenigen mit längerfristigem Fasten am besten geeignet, den Körper in einen Ketosezustand mit hauptsächlicher Fettsäureverbrennung zu bringen. Aktuelle Forschungsansätze drehen sich um die medikamentöse Induktion eines fastenähnlichen Zustands und damit die Aktivierung von Sirtuinen als effektive „Anti-Aging-Enzyme“.
Long-term follow-up of three different nerve repair strategies (repair, autografting and allografting) in one-stage replantation to treat upper extremity amputation
Authors: Wu Hao , Wu Xuejun , Lin Shibei , Lai Tian
Published: December 2021

Objective To examine the efficacy of three different nerve repair methods for one-stage replantation to treat complete upper extremity amputation and long-term postoperative functional recovery.

Methods Twenty-five patients underwent direct nerve anastomosis (Group A), for patients with nerve defects greater than 3 cm, nerve autograft transplantation be used (Group B), or patients with nerve defects less than 3 cm, nerve allograft transplantation be used (Group C) based on the severity of injury. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score (higher score means poorer function-less than 25 means good effect) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain at rest and under exertion were measured. Sensation recovery time and grip function were recorded.

Results The mean follow-up time was 78 ± 29 months. Group A had the lowest DASH score, while Group C had the highest DASH score. DASH score differed significantly between the three groups (P < 0.001). Sensation was not restored in two patients in Group B and two patients in Group C, and there were significant between-group differences in sensation recovery (P = 0.001). Group C had the lowest VAS score, while Group A had the highest, and there were significant differences between groups (P = 0.044). Only one patient in Group C recovered grip function.

Conclusion Direct nerve anastomosis should be performed whenever possible in replantation surgery for complete upper extremity amputation, as the nerve function recovery after direct nerve anastomosis is better than that after nerve autograft transplantation or nerve allograft transplantation. Two-stage nerve autograft transplantation can be performed in patients who do not achieve functional recovery long after nerve allograft transplantation.
Neues, Smartphone-gestütztes mikrochirurgisches Trainingsmodell
Authors: Thiel Johannes Tobias , Daigeler Adrien , Schäfer Ruth Christine , Rachunek Katarzyna , Hoffmann Sebastian
Published: December 2021

Mikrochirurgische Präparations- und Nahttechniken erfordern hartnäckiges Üben, eine gewisse Frustrationstoleranz und Ausdauer. Gerade Neulinge üben oftmals am „trockenen Modell“ um einen fließenderen Übergang bezüglich der späteren Anwendung am Patienten im Operationssaal zu erreichen. Ob am OP-Handschuh, Schweineherz, als Virtual Reality Tool, Rattenmodell mit Lupenbrille oder Mikroskop – viele verschiedene mikrochirurgische Übungsmodelle sind bekannt. Seit einigen Jahren sind auch Eigenbauten mit Smartphone-Kamera als Vergrößerungshilfe beschrieben. Neuerdings gibt es nun ein kommerzielles System aus den USA, welches es dem Trainee relativ einfach und kostengünstig erlaubt, zu jeder Zeit und fast an jedem Ort mikrochirurgische Basistechniken und das Handling von Faden und Instrumenten zu erlernen oder fortgeschrittene Knotentechniken wie den „Through-the-loop“-Knoten am Modell zu perfektionieren. Hierzu wird ein herkömmliches Smartphone als Mikroskopersatz in einen 3D-Schwenkarm eingespannt und mikrochirurgische Techniken können über das Display des Gerätes geübt werden. Passend zum Übungssystem gibt es vorgefertigte „Übungskarten“ mit eingebauten kleinen Plastikröhrchen verschiedener Stärke (1–3 mm), an denen unterschiedliche Anastomosetechniken geübt werden können.

Wir glauben, dass zukünftig derartige Modelle in allen mikrochirurgischen Kliniken zum Standardrepertoire in der mikrochirurgischen Ausbildung für junge Assistenzärzte und Studierende gehören könnten. Sie sind preiswert, praktikabel und jederzeit an jedem Ort anwendbar.
Akademisierung in den Therapieberufen
Authors: Berding Jutta , Brinkmann Sabine
Published: December 2021

Die Therapieberufe Ergotherapie, Physiotherapie und Logopädie befinden sich in einem Feld der sich verändernden Bedingungen. Sie beweisen in der Praxis immer wieder ihren Mehrwert in der Gesundheitsversorgung und zeigen sich als junge Professionen im Wandel ihres beruflichen Selbstverständnisses, von sich verändernden Ausbildungsgegebenheiten und beruflichen Handlungsfeldern. Der folgende Beitrag gibt einen kurzen exemplarischen Überblick über das Spannungsfeld „Wunsch und Wirklichkeit“ hinsichtlich der Akademisierung der Therapieberufe.
Neurophysiologische Krankengymnastik bei M. Parkinson
Authors: Brands-Gündling Nadine
Published: December 2021

Morbus Parkinson ist weltweit eine der häufigsten neurologischen Erkrankungen. Die medikamentösen Therapieoptionen verbessern sich zwar stetig, sie können die Progredienz der Erkrankung jedoch nicht aufhalten. Jeder Arzt sollte daher seinen Patienten, bei dem die Diagnose Morbus Parkinson gestellt wurde, neben der medikamentösen Therapie schnellstmöglich zu einem Physiotherapeuten überweisen. Da eine Vielzahl der Probleme, die während des Krankheitsverlaufs auftreten (wie Gang- und Gleichgewichtsdefizite), nur unzureichend auf Medikamente ansprechen, spielt die Physiotherapie neben anderen nicht medikamentösen Therapien eine wichtige Rolle in der erfolgreichen Behandlung dieser Patienten. Eine gezielte Therapie kann die parkinsonspezifischen Symptome und deren Folgen hinauszögern oder sogar reduzieren.
Schlafstörungen
Authors: Gupta Hedwig H. , Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun , Soldner Georg , Ortiz Miriam
Published: December 2021

Fachleute – 4 Behandlungsmethoden Schlafstörungen
Schweigen und Fasten, Dankbarkeit und Demut: Wege zur psychischen Gesundheit
Authors: Somburg Oliver
Published: December 2021

Psychische Erkrankungen verändern das Wahrnehmen, Fühlen und Denken sowie die zwischenmenschliche Beziehungswirklichkeit. Wenn das Miteinander ungewohnt verändert und belastet ist, entsteht Leidensdruck. Kompensatorische Motive führen zu Überforderungen und stressassoziierten Symptomen. Nicht nur bei psychischen Erkrankungen können erlerntes Schweigen und Fasten sowie praktizierte Dankbarkeit und Demut seelisches Gleichgewicht wiederbeleben.