bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of phentolamine in the treatment of feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight
Authors: Li Hongya , Li Bin , Wen Xuehua
Published: September 2020

Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of phentolamine in the treatment of feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight.

Methods: Seventy-one low-birth-weight infants with feeding intolerance were randomly divided into the phentolamine group and the erythromycin group (38 patients and 33 patients, respectively). The infants were given basic treatment, such as gastric lavage, temporary fasting, nutritional support and abdominal massage. The phentolamine group was intravenously pumped with phentolamine as the basis of basic treatment, while the erythromycin group was given erythromycin as the basis of basic treatment. The time for gastrointestinal symptoms to disappear, the time the basic standard was reached, the time parenteral nutrition was used, the total time enteral feeding was implemented, the length of stay, and the increase in physical indexes according to the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks of the two groups were compared.

Results: There was no significant difference between the phentolamine group and the erythromycin group in vomiting disappearance time or the increase in physical indicators at the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks (P>0.05), while the abdominal distension disappearance time, the time of restoration to birth weight, the time to reach the basic standard, the total time of parenteral nutrition, the total time of enteral feeding, and the length of stay in the phentolamine group were shorter than those in the erythromycin group, with significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Phentolamine has a significant effect on alleviating symptoms and shortening the treatment time while treating feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight, without adverse events, so it is worthy of clinical promotion.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2633

How to cite this:Li H, Li B, Wen X. Clinical efficacy of phentolamine in the treatment of feeding intolerance in premature infants with low birth weight. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1655-1658. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2633

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Russian Scanners for Eddy Current Testing of Drilling Pipe Elements in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Kazachenko Aleksandr
Published: September 2020

Composite materials appear to be an ideal solution to a complex problem with conflicting conditions: how to simultaneously obtain sufficient strength, reliability and durability of the structure, while providing the minimum possible mass of it. However, non-destructive testing of products from them raises more and more questions. In the mass production of composite pipes for pipelines, the only possible option from the point of view of ensuring the necessary reliability, information capacity of the results of the performed inspection of products and productivity is the automation of the inspection process, which includes special methods for identifying defects. Statistical methods, including capability ratio and Shewhart control charts, should be used to estimate the error in determining the size of defects.
Research and Evaluation of the Mechanical Anisotropy of Steel an Alloys by the Magnetic Noise Method
Authors: Busko Valery , Osipov Aleksandr
Published: September 2020

The aim of this work is to experimentally study the relationship between mechanical properties using the example of the normal anisotropy coefficient of sheet metal, mechanical stresses during elastic deformation of electrical steel and anisotropy of the physical and mechanical properties of a set of steels and alloys with magnetic noise parameters.

The mechanical anisotropy of the ferromagnetic materials properties predetermines the need for its study and evaluation, since it has a significant impact on the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of components, products and structures. Taking into account the relationship between the physical and mechanical properties of the material with the magnetic characteristics, to study the possibility of non-destructive testing of anisotropy the method of the Barkhausen effect was used, the informative parameters of which are magnetostructural and magnetoanisotropic. To study mechanical anisotropy a device for circular rotation of the Barkhausen transducer over the sample surface and a device for the production of elastic tensile / compressive stresses during static bending were made. Comparison of the results obtained using magnetic noises with the known coefficients of normal anisotropy of thin-sheet steel samples showed their qualitative and quantitative agreement, confirming the presence of a close relationship between them. It was found that elastic deformation in samples of anisotropic electrical steel leads to a sharp change in the level of magnetic noise and the type of circular diagrams, taking into account the sign of stresses. It is shown that as a result of cold rolling according to magnetic noise the samples have a pronounced texture due to the direction of rolling along the longest side of the sheet. The formed elastic deformation under tension and compression during static bending practically does not change the texture - the induced crystallographic anisotropy after rolling. The relationship between the intensity of magnetic noise and the degree of anisotropy is established and the possibility of evaluating the magnetic anisotropy in various steels and alloys using the Barkhausen effect method is investigated and confirmed.
Factors affecting the academic performance of midwifery students in Gondar University, north west Ethiopia
Authors: Gebreslasie Kahsay Zenebe , Worku Temesgen , Berta Marta
Published: September 2020

Background/Aims

The academic performance of midwifery students plays an important role in providing quality midwifery care. However, the current academic performances of students have been found to be unsatisfactory. This study aimed to assess factors associated with the academic performance of midwifery students.

Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 149 fourth year midwifery students at the University of Gondar. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were calculated and the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were computed to identify associated factors and determine the strength of association. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Among the 149 midwifery students, 108 (72.5%) performed well and, of these students, 76 (51%) were males. Coming from a rural residence (adjusted odds ratio=2.64, P=0.017), the teacher being reported as not helpful and effective during the skills laboratory (adjusted odds ratio=2.4, P=0.022), and students' 10th grade achievement >3.25 (adjusted odds ratio=16, P=0.001) were significantly associated with good academic performance.

Conclusions

Students' academic performance was good. Residence, teacher's role and student's background were significantly associated with good academic performance. Attention should be given to students from urban residences and the teacher's role in the skills laboratory. Additionally, students should be encouraged to perform well academically from high school onwards.
CPD article: Histopathology: how to maximise sample submission
Authors: Fernandez Julia Rodriguez-Ramos , Dawson Louise
Published: September 2020

Histopathology can be a key tool for practitioners, providing a diagnosis or assisting with treatment. This article outlines the importance of correct sample submission in histopathology and provides a brief summary of best practice to produce optimum results. These are general outlines and it is always recommended that specific laboratories are contacted to discuss sample submission.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESTADUAL BRASILEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE COM BASE NO DESEMPENHO EM INOVAÇÕES
Authors: Vaz Elaine , Ferrari Daniela , Kroenke Adriana , Araújo Bianca Aparecida Grubert Gonçalves de
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo objetivou verificar a distância entre os estados brasileiros com base no desempenho estadual em inovações. Neste sentido, a proposta consiste em apresentar a redistribuição espacial dos estados brasileiros a partir da soma das suas potencialidades (capacidade de inovação) e dos seus resultados (desempenho inovador). A fim de atender esse objetivo, o estudo realizou uma análise macroeconômica do país utilizando dados secundários disponíveis nas bases de dados governamentais e de outras organizações relacionadas. Aplicou-se escalonamento multidimensional e análise de conglomerados. O estudo foi classificado como descritivo, documental e quantitativo. Os resultados evidenciaram que os fatores determinantes da capacidade de inovação dos estados brasileiros e o desempenho inovador apresentam diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento, o que explica os diferentes desempenhos alcançados por estados de uma mesma região geográfica.
Utility of preoperative ‘group and save’ samples in laparoscopic appendicectomy
Authors: Magowan D , Smith L , Williams G
Published: September 2020

Laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) is the standard of care in the treatment of appendicitis. Serious intraoperative complications, including bleeding, are rare, especially with an open approach to establishing pneumoperitoneum. Despite this, the preoperative 'group and save' (G&S) blood tests remain common practice. Our aim was to assess whether preoperative G&S should be considered mandatory for LA.

Do we overestimate the risk of significant bleeding?
Tough Times and Good News: editorial
Authors: Driggers Ron
Published: September 2020

Editor-in-Chief Ron Driggers reports on some key indicators of Applied Optics’ success.
Erythrocyte volumetric measurements in imaging flow cytometry using simultaneous three-wavelength digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Turko Nir A. , Shaked Natan T.
Published: September 2020

We report a cross-talk free simultaneous three-wavelength digital holographic microscopy setup for spectroscopic imaging of biological cells during flow. The feasibility of the proposed measurement technique is demonstrated on erythrocytes, due to their unique morphology and dependency of hemoglobin (Hb) molecule absorption on wavelength. From the spectroscopic quantitative phase profiles of cells acquired during flow in a microfluidic device, we decoupled the refractive index and the physical thickness. We then used our quantitative phase imaging results to dynamically calculate the mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular Hb content (MCH) and sphericity index.
Efficient design of a multilayer structure based on a transmission line model for parallel optical analog computing
Authors: Nikdast Arefeh , Bakhtafrouz Ahmad , Omoomi Masood
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a design method for a multilayer analog computer based on the transmission line model is presented. Here the Green’s function (GF) of the desired mathematical operator is implemented directly in the Fourier domain. The proposed method overcomes major restrictions imposed by previous studies such as slow responses; large architectures arising from the need for additional Fourier sub-blocks; operating only at reflection mode; working at a certain high-frequency range; and most importantly, executing only a single mathematical operation. Despite previous optical multilayer computers, the proposed structure can provide multiple independent operations on impinging fields coming simultaneously from different directions. Due to the generality of the transmission line method, design at any frequency range is possible. Parallel computation is very important for accelerating and miniaturizing wave-based processing architectures, as it could reduce the demand for additional computing blocks. Moreover, using practical dielectric materials could remarkably ease the fabrication process of the analog computer. The versatility of this method is illustrated by a variety of mathematical operations including first- and second-order spatial differentiation and first-order spatial integration. Numerical simulations are also reported for each example, confirming the high-performance of the presented structures.
Modulation format dependence on transmission reach in phase-sensitively amplified fiber links
Authors: Vijayan Kovendhan , He Zonglong , Foo Benjamin , Karlsson Magnus , Andrekson Peter A.
Published: September 2020

We quantify the maximum transmission reach for phase-insensitive amplifier (PIA) and phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) links with different modulation formats and show that the maximum transmission reach increase (MTRI) when using PSAs compared to PIAs is enhanced for higher-order modulation formats. The higher-order modulation formats are more susceptible to smaller phase rotations from nonlinearities, and PSAs are efficient in mitigating these smaller phase distortions. Numerical simulations were performed for single- and multi-span PIA and PSA links with single and multiple wavelength channels. We obtain a significant enhancement in the MTRI with PSAs compared to PIAs when using higher-order modulation formats for both the single- and multi-channel systems in single- and multi-span links. We verify the enhancement with a single-span, single-channel system experiment. We also demonstrate, for the first time, a 64-QAM modulation format fiber transmission in phase-sensitively amplified link, with a 13.3-dB maximum allowable span loss increase compared to a phase-insensitively amplified link.
Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect in spatiotemporal domain
Authors: Abbas Adeel , Wang Li-Gang
Published: September 2020

Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect has broad applications in optics and other branches of physics, and traditionally this effect is considered in pure spatial or temporal domain. Here we investigate the spatiotemporal HBT effect, extending this phenomenon from spatial or temporal to spatiotemporal domain. By assuming the Gaussian statistics of partially coherent spatiotemporal pulsed sources, we find the generalized analytical results for spatiotemporal HBT effect in the compact form, with the help of the matrix-optics method, which can consider the HBT effect in spatial and temporal domain simultaneously. Furthermore, for Gaussian Schell-model pulsed beams (GSMPBs) used as a spatiotemporal correlated source, we have obtained the generalized expression to calculate spatiotemporal HBT effect, which is useful for up to three-dimensional cases in any second-order linear dispersive medium. By taking a simple two-dimensional case and using air as an example of a linear dispersive medium, we numerically illustrate the properties of the spatiotemporal HBT effect by adjusting the spatial and temporal parameters of the GSMPB source, and reveal the influence of both the spatial and temporal parameters on the spatiotemporal HBT effect. This work paves the path towards the detailed study of HBT effect for a source containing spatiotemporal information with Gaussian statistics.
Breaking limitations of fiber identification in traditional OFDR systems via compensation of initial optical frequency instability
Authors: Yao Zheyi , Mauldin Thomas , Xu Zhenyu , Hefferman Gerald , Wei Tao
Published: September 2020

As the security of optical fiber lines in data centers has attracted growing attention, it has become increasingly important to accurately characterize the fiber that is used. Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) has been demonstrated as a means of identifying specific segments of optical fiber; however, OFDR measurements are limited in length due to initial optical frequency (IOF) variations. This Letter describes a detailed analysis of IOF and introduces a method to mitigate it in an OFDR system constructed using a semiconductor laser (SCL). Additionally, an algorithm is described that minimizes the calculating density necessary for OFDR-based optical fiber verification, reducing the calculating time required by an order of magnitude relative to prior techniques. Experiments demonstrate that the described method can be effectively applied to a range of application areas, ranging from centimeter to meter lengths of optical fiber, with an error equal rate (EER) of less than 1%.
Tightly focused light field with controllable pure transverse polarization state at the focus
Authors: Han Lei , Qi Shuxia , Liu Sheng , Cheng Huachao , Li Peng , Zhao Jianlin
Published: September 2020

We report on a facile and flexible scheme for producing the controllable pure transverse polarization state at the focus within a tightly focused field. Toward this aim, a special type of hybrid vector beam exhibiting unusual “8-type” mapping tracks of azimuthal polarization states on the Poincaré sphere is employed. Due to the peculiar polarization structures, at the focus, there is only the transverse component, while the longitudinal component is zero for any 8-type vector beam. More strikingly, the transverse polarization state at the focus is exactly the same as that of the cross point of the 8-type mapping track. Benefiting from this appealing polarization relationship, an arbitrary transverse polarization state can be easily achieved at the focus via altering the mapping track of incident vector beams. These results may have potential applications in nano and spin photonics.
Lightweight metasurface mirror of silicon nanospheres [Invited]
Authors: Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Matiushechkina Mariia , Zenin Vladimir A. , Heurs Michèle , Chichkov Boris N.
Published: September 2020

Many experiments in modern quantum optics require the implementation of lightweight and near-perfect reflectors for noise reduction and high sensitivity. Another important application of low mass and high reflectivity mirrors is related to the development of solar or laser-driven light sails for acceleration of ultra-light spacecrafts to relativistic velocities. Here, we present numerical results and theoretical analysis of a metasurface mirror consisting of periodically arranged silicon nanospheres embedded in a polymer. In the absence of material losses or disorder, this mirror demonstrates absolute 100% reflection at a single wavelength, which can be tuned by changing nanosphere dimensions or periodicity (for example, by mechanical stretching). We show that high reflectivity can be reached due to electric or magnetic dipole resonant responses of Si nanoparticles in the metasurface. Dependence of mirror reflectivity on surrounding conditions, nanoparticle sizes, and the disorder in the array is studied and discussed. The optimization and simulation procedures presented in this work can be used for the development of other optical devices with functional characteristics determined by the resonant interaction of light with metasurfaces made of nanospheres.
High-Powered Diode Lasers—New, Bright and Blue
Authors: Coffey Valerie C.
Published: September 2020

Blue diode laser designs with kW powers are advancing in
industrial processing applications, including cutting, welding and foil
joining of copper and other high-reflectance materials.
Slaves to Technology: Worker control in the surveillance economy
Authors: Athreya Bama
Published: September 2020

Technology is enabling new forms of coercion and control over workers. While digital platforms for labour markets have been seen as benign or neutral technology, in reality they may enable new forms of worker exploitation. Workers in precarious conditions who seek employment via digital platforms are highly vulnerable to coercion and control via forms of algorithmic manipulation. This manipulation is enabled by information asymmetries, lack of labour protection, and predatory business models. When put together, these deficits create a perfect storm for labour exploitation. This article describes how digital platforms alter traditional labour relations, summarises case data from several existing studies, and details emerging forms of worker control and barriers to worker agency. It explores current definitions of forced labour and whether digital spaces require us to consider a new conceptualisation of what constitutes force, fraud, and coercion. It concludes with a summary of possible responses to these new forms of abuse in the global economy, including alternative models for business and for worker organising.
Developing European Key Competences with Green Education
Authors: Sacco Margherita Maria , Vitti Elena Liliana , Parola Alberto
Published: September 2020

Building&Learning Project is action-research focused on the environmental consequences of technology. The didactic design is structured on the classic program proposed for the scholar discipline Technology for the first grade of secondary school; it tries to answer to the requirements of the National Plan for a Digital School (PNSD). Our first aim is to overcome the diktat “teach how to use the media” and reach the capacity to “teach with the media”, to avoid the danger of a “technocentric illusion” and to get the purpose to develop the competences proposed by Europe and Italy. Our teacher-researcher prepared every lesson to help the students to: a) get the disciplinary aim; b) understand the process and the consequences that every technology brings with itself; c) apply the theory in a practice activity. Every lesson is divided in two phases: the theoretical part is based on the method of Cooperative Learning, while the second part is a practice activity where students build with LEGO Education Kit a model that forecasts the application of the theory. After the first period, we introduced also a Story-telling part because the students showed great difficulty in expressing the theory explained.

 Keywords: European key competences - Media Education – Cooperative Learning – Sustainability education – STEM
A Study about Urban Design Schemes: Walled City of Nicosia
Authors: Bolkaner Mine Kuset , Asilsoy Buket , Uzunoğlu Semra Sema
Published: September 2020

Historical neighbourhoods are among the most significant indicators of the cities; as they involve history, culture, architecture and social life.  It is very important to protect and ensure sustainability of these places.  This goal needs to be achieved without damaging the urban identity via protecting the historic entities. Additionally the restoration and re-use works need to take place under the supervision and cooperation of related government bodies and civil society organisations. Nicosia with its Walled City is a historical environment with a rich architectural and cultural heritage that is currently the focal point of conservation and rehabilitation activities as a circle of urban design implementations. Within this framework in this study, the aim is to evaluate perception and views of the users about urban design implementations involving rehabilitation and conservation activities via survey. Based on the results, the users seemed satisfied with the outcomes of the rehabilitation and re-use of the buildings. However the participants also highlighted the existence of car parking problems, inadequate infrastructure and urban furniture and environmental pollution. Additionally the users do not prefer the areas that have not been renovated and the regions with low socio-cultural characteristics.

Keywords: Historical environment; urban design; user perception; Nicosia Walled City
Achieving Sustainability and Biodiversity Conservation in Agriculture: Importance, Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Mamabolo Emogine , Makwela Maria M. , Tsilo Toi J.
Published: September 2020

Concerns over the two-legged march towards sustainability and biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes have sparked debates globally; both in research and development, socioeconomics and policy planning. While others argue that sustainable and biodiversity conserving agriculture is impractical, an increasing body of evidence continues to recognise the importance of biodiversity for human survival and environmental stability. Because of this recognition, the UN decided to integrate and prioritise biodiversity conservation in its sustainable development goals. Although the concept of biodiversity is recognised as a potential coping strategy for climate change and crop production challenges; the practicality of its integration in agriculture remains a challenge. In this paper, some of the important prospects that can support and facilitate biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes are briefly discussed. While we recognise that the path to sustainability is not going to be easy, we emphasise the need for integrated research from both the sectors of agriculture and conservation to be prioritised, to reconcile productive sustainable agriculture and biodiversity conservation. Such research should target trade-offs and synergies which can make it possible for these sectors to coexist and survive in their coexistence. This will be highly beneficial to facilitate and guide the sustainability and conservation policy planning.

Keywords: sustainable intensification; resilience; biodiversity conservation; ecosystem services; food security
A Conceptual Framework for Developing of Regional Innovation Ecosystems
Authors: Pidorycheva Iryna , Shevtsova Hanna , Antonyuk Valentina , Shvets Nataliia , Pchelynska Hanna
Published: September 2020

The article highlights a conceptual framework for developing of regional innovation ecosystems at the NUTS 1 level. The authors' definition of the innovation ecosystem of the region has been given. The ranking of EU-27 NUTS 1 regions by R&D intensity indicator allowed identifying most innovatively active regions and draw the conclusion about their concentration in three science-intensive macro-clusters. The conceptual model of the regional innovation ecosystem of Ukraine has been suggested taking into account features of its current territorial division. The key dimensions of the model include the goal of the ecosystem, its actors, the environment and the system of internal and external interrelationship. Considering the specifics of regional governance in Ukraine, it was substantiated that it is advisable to use the existing network of regional research centres as institutional tools to support regional innovation ecosystems at NUTS 1 level. It is suggested to create special coordination centres, in particular, regional innovation councils at NUTS 2 level.

 Keywords: innovation ecosystem, innovation process, region, economic area, NUTS, actor, stakeholder, institutional tool, European Union, Ukraine
Geological- and Chemical-Based Environmental Risk Factor Sustainability Model
Authors: Rogers Daniel T.
Published: September 2020

An environmental sustainability model that integrates natural and anthropogenic factors was developed and tested for 10 years. The model is composed of calculated geological risk factors, chemical risk factors, and operational aspects of environmental regulatory requirements which are integrated into a comprehensive environmental sustainability model. The model was tested at 67 operating industrial manufacturing facilities in 12 countries over a period of 10 years. The results achieved included measured reductions of environmental impacts to air, land, and water from 5% to more than 95% of operational aspects compared to pre-model values. A significant catalyst for model success was identifying and applying innovative leadership and management principles that were required to modify business objectives and culture from purely capitalist incentives and objectives to sustainability-oriented goals. This was accomplished through a clear and understandable model, stated objectives, incentives, rewards and penalties, measuring results, data analysis, identifying and communicating areas where improvement was needed, model adaptations, transparent communication and feedback, and flexible timelines. The results indicate that the model can be scaled from the parcel to global level, assuming management and leadership principles are in place and properly supported.

 Keywords: Sustainability model, contaminant risk, geologic vulnerability
Sustainable Public Spending Through Blockchain
Authors: Glavanits Judit
Published: September 2020

Blockchain technology and its industrial use cases can be detected worldwide. It is time for the state to think about the blockchain as an opportunity to reduce costs and build trust in the public spending. The paper and the presentation give an overview on how the state can apply the distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchain technology in the public administration: there are several countries with best practices already, and even more are in the introduction phase of opening to Industry 4.0 in the public services as well.

On the field of FinTech area the state has great responsibility to regulate (or at least define) the phenomena of cryptocurrencies, that is already in use for more than 10 years now without any responsible governmental acts. Within this topic the Central Bank Digital Currency projects are also discussed in the paper, which are supported by IMF, and declared as the next natural step forward on financial markets.

Keywords: blockchain, DLT, SDG, public spending
Inclusive Education for Ethnic Minorities in the Developing World: The Case of Alternative Learning System for Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines
Authors: Cucio Maria Rita R. , Roldan Ma. Divina Gracia Z.
Published: September 2020

Education is integral to achieving sustainable development.  It is through education that an improved quality of life ensues with people’s acquisition of knowledge and skills beneficial to society, at large. Inclusive education, however, is an issue among countries with marginalized ethnic groups. In Europe, the onslaught of migrants from various parts of the world challenges educational systems to be more attuned to the needs of children of migrant families. In Asia, on the other hand, a gnawing concern is for education to reach indigenous peoples in rural areas. This paper examines how inclusive education is key to accomplishing Sustainable Development Goal 4 which is “to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”.  It tackles the accessibility of alternative learning systems in the developing world, with the Philippines as a case in point.  This paper focuses on the process of interface utilized by the Philippines’ Department of Education and the Ayta, an indigenous group living in the Philippine province of Zambales to address the unique conditions of this marginalized ethnic minority. It also investigates the effects of these indigenization efforts on the Ayta’s cultural rights. This paper uses mixed methods such as key informant interview, focus group discussion, survey questionnaire, secondary research and Filipino psychology research methods. This paper underscores how partnership between government and stakeholders is significant in arriving at the goal of inclusive education. This is reflected in the collaborative relationship fostered between the Philippine government and the Ayta and how the partnership positively affected the Ayta’s cultural rights based on a more culturally-appropriate educational curriculum.

Key words: inclusive education, indigenous people’s education framework, alternative learning system, ethnic minorities, Philippines
THE CONCEPT OF ACCOUNTS PAYABLE IN THE COMPOSITION OF CRIMES IN THE SPHERE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVIT
Authors: Maksimov A.G.
Published: September 2020

The norms of Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are in the overwhelmingmajority of a blanket nature. Blanketness implies the need to appeal to other, in addition to criminal,branches of law to establish the content of a criminal law prohibition. However, the criminal law containsdefinitions that are not defined not only in the normative acts of various branches of law, but also in thelegal doctrine. Of course, such a situation significantly complicates the process of understanding the true content of the criminal law norm, as a result, can lead to significant errors in law enforcement. One ofthese definitions is “accounts payable”. The term itself is directly mentioned in the disposition of one normof the criminal law — Art. 177 (malicious evasion from paying off accounts payable). However, the term“accounts payable” must be established when qualifying a number of other acts, for example, such as unlawfulactions in bankruptcy, deliberate bankruptcy, fraud associated with deliberate failure to fulfill contractualobligations (parts 4 and 5 of article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). In this article,the author, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the economic content, civil law regulation and thespecifics of criminal law application, proposes his own approach to establishing the content of the conceptof “accounts payable”, which can be useful both in developing a model of effective criminal law protectionof economic activity, and and in the process of law enforcement.
SALE OF LAND AS A FUTURE THING
Authors: Rozhkova O.A. , Voronina S.V.
Published: September 2020

The contract of sale of the future thing in which the land is the product deserves special attention. Atthe moment, it has developed a uniform judicial practice regarding the individualization of an unformedland plot as the subject of a contract of sale of a future immovable. In cases where, in accordance with thelaw, a land plot acquires the qualities of a divisible thing, the object of civil turnover can be not only thecorresponding land plot as a whole, but also its part, which in this case acquires the status of an independentland plot for the formation of a land plot. It seems that only after establishing (changing) the location of theboundaries of the land, i. e. formation of a land plot, it may be an object of land and civil law relations, maybe an object of ownership and other rights to land. The current legislation does not contain a ban on thepurchase and sale of a land plot, the right of ownership for which at the time of conclusion of the contractof sale was not registered in the established manner, however, the individualization of a land plot by landsurveying and cadastral registration is a prerequisite for the land the plot became the subject of a contractof sale of a future immovable.
COMPENSATION FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE PRODUCTION OF ILLEGAL UNAUTHORIZED INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS
Authors: Khanov T.A. , Sadvakasova A.T.
Published: September 2020

The article highlights the problematic issues associated with the lack of clear legal regulation of theprocedure for compensation for harm caused as a result of the production of covert investigative actions,which were recognized by the court as illegal. The authors provide arguments in support of the fact thatthe damage in question should be compensated for in civil proceedings. To eliminate the identified gaps, itis proposed that appropriate amendments be made to the criminal procedure legislation of the Republic ofKazakhstan.
Genetic-Mathematical Modelling of Mutational Processes in a Population
Authors: Volobuev A.N.
Published: September 2020

Processes of genetic-mathematical modeling of a population development are considered. A basic distinction in the mathematical description of a family tree and a population is shown. In a family tree alternation of generations has discrete character. In a population there is a continuous alternation of generations. The method of the differential equations is applied for the description of a population. It is shown that mutational process in a population can be described with use of a Green’s function. For radiating influence on a population the universal evolutionary law is found.
Genetic-Mathematical Modelling of the Populations Interaction
Authors: Volobuev A.N.
Published: September 2020

The solution of a genetic-mathematical problem of interaction of the human population cells and virus population to a problem of pandemic COVID-19 is submitted. The mathematical model based on the Hardy - Weinberg law consisting of two interdependent differential equations is used. The equations reflect time dynamics of the human cells and virus populations during their interaction. Solutions of the differential equations are found and results of these solutions are analyzed. The estimation of duration pandemic is received at use of parameters of the human liver cells and a flu virus.
Caffeine Components Empower the Brain Potentiality
Authors: Habibzadeh Seyedeh Nasim
Published: September 2020

The brain requires certain fuels to function in high level. Literally, nutritional components can modulate the brain productivity. One of the right nutrition to enhance the brain power is dietary component of caffeine. Caffeine as a component of coffee, tea and chocolate is very popular. Although, depending on the dietary demands or conventional habits some people do not consume caffeine-containing substances (i.e. foods or beverage). Nonetheless, caffeine constituents maximize the brain potential via promoting the central nervous system (CNS) through blocking an inhibitory neurotransmitter (adenosine) and releasing some other specific neurotransmitters (noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin) in brain. The chemistry of caffeine in a standard dose in fact can affect the brain intelligence.
Unpacking Community Participation in Research: A Systematic Literature Review of Community-based and Participatory Research in Alaska
Authors: Mosurska Anuszka , Ford James D.
Published: September 2020

Although concepts of “community” and “participation” have been heavily critiqued in the social sciences, they remain uncritically applied across disciplines, leading to problems that undermine both research and practice. Nevertheless, these approaches are advocated for, especially in Indigenous contexts. To assess the use of these concepts, we conducted a systematic literature review of community-based and participatory research in Alaska, USA, where social change has been rapid, having ramifications for social organization, and where participatory and community-based approaches are heavily advocated for by Alaska Native organizations. Conceptualizations of community and participation were extracted and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The majority of articles showed a lack of critical consideration around both terms, although this was especially the case in reporting around community. While this lack of critical consideration could lead to issues of local elite co-opting research, an alternative interpretation is that Western sociological literature surrounding community is not transferable to Indigenous contexts.
“We Hardly Have Any Moose Around Here Anymore”: Climate Change and the Barriers to Food Security in the Dehcho Region, Northwest Territories
Authors: Ross Paulina , Mason Courtney W.
Published: September 2020

Rural Indigenous communities across northern Canada are experiencing high rates of food insecurity as a result of complex constraints to accessing quality market foods and engaging in local food procurement. Climate change is impacting the ability of northern Indigenous communities to acquire, access, and utilize food that is culturally relevant and sustainable. This research examines the interconnected sociocultural, political, economic, and environmental challenges related to food security in the community of Fort Providence situated in the Dehcho Region of the Northwest Territories. The objective of this research was to consult with community members to understand the impacts of climate change on local food procurement and to explore the myriad challenges related to food security. We utilized Indigenous methodologies to guide all aspects of the research. Evidence was collected using semi-structured interviews with Dene and Métis Elders, knowledgeable land-users, and other community members. Our research demonstrates that changing hydrological systems and ecosystems, unpredictable weather patterns, the presence of non-local harvesters, the loss of traditional knowledge, and the high costs of living in a rural northern community impact local food security. The results of this research can inform policies that reflect the needs of residents, address the distinct barriers to procuring local food, and provide a basis for understanding the complexities of food security in the Dehcho and other subarctic regions.
Relevância dos custos portuários em relação aos custos logísticos totais
Authors: Nilson Marisa , Souza Eduarda Dutra de , Luz Evandro Moritz , Rodrigues Carlos Manuel Taboada , Vale Alex Da Silva
Published: September 2020

Há vários estudos no campo da pesquisa sobre portos. No entanto, existem lacunas na pesquisa sobre questões relacionadas aos custos logísticos portuários, principalmente em relação aos gastos incorridos pelas indústrias que utilizam os portos para movimentar e escoar seus produtos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é mapear os custos logísticos e calcular um indicador de gastos incorridos para utilização de serviços portuários, para analisar a participação destes no contexto do custo logístico total. Por meio de um estudo multicasos foram levantados dados reais sobre os custos logísticos de um grupo de indústrias que utilizam os serviços portuários. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que, para algumas empresas, os custos portuários incorridos representam mais de 30% dos custos logísticos totais. Que a diferença entre os gastos portuários de uma empresa para outra pode ser substancial. Testes estatísticos de correlação não permitiram estabelecer relação entre os custos logísticos portuários incorridos e os locais de destino dos produtos.
Proposta de melhoria de processos (kaizen) na gravação (hot stamping) de estojos e seu payback em linha ótica
Authors: Santos Jadir Perpétuo , Monte Isis Araujo , Farias Cunha Barreto Gabriel , Santos Josimar Silveira
Published: September 2020

As indústrias possuem a necessidade de acompanhar a evolução do comércio para garantir seu lugar no mercado. Para isso é necessário analisar os processos com estudos de tempo e movimentos visando sempre o que poderia melhorar a produtividade dos processos. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento e implementação de uma melhoria (Kaizen) na máquina termo impressora Hot Stamping para a diminuição de etapas e ampliação da capacidade de produção da linha de injetados e avaliar o payback, assim através de uma monografia (estudo de caso) com método hipotético-dedutivo, em um processo de produção de estojos da linha ótica realizou-se um estudo para melhoria de processo, visando sua viabilidade econômica para a empresa. Foram utilizados os métodos Delphi para definir qual máquina e processo deve ser melhorado e o 5W2H´s e Payback para comparação do antes e depois da melhoria e  análise da viabilidade financeira e econômica da melhoria de processo, demonstrando que a melhoria produz impacto na redução de perdas de 83 hs mensais, com ganho monetário de R$ 13.284,00 ao ano em única máquina, além de influenciar os funcionários  para a cultura de melhoria contÍnua.
Configuração do elo de fornecimento da cadeia de suprimentos sucroalcooleira na região da Mata Norte de Pernambuco
Authors: Soares Bheattryz Rayssa Silva , De Almeida Maria Luciana
Published: September 2020

A cadeia sucroalcooleira tem significativa importância na região nordeste e vem passando por um processo de reestruturação nos últimos anos. O elo de fornecimento se mostra como aquele que tende a apresentar maiores desafios. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo compreender como se configura o fornecimento de cana de açúcar na região da Mata Norte de Pernambuco. A base metodológica foi à pesquisa qualitativa e os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram observação e entrevista. Os principais resultados relacionam as condições do setor sucroalcooleiro na Mata Norte; a percepção dos fornecedores sobre o governo e associações sindicais e o desempenho da cooperativa na gestão de uma usina; e as visões do pequeno e grande produtor. Foi evidenciado que o elo de fornecimento de cana-de-açúcar passa por grandes dificuldades, pois os pequenos produtores têm dificuldades em manter a produção que gera custos altos que eles não conseguem subsidiar. Além disso, o poder exercido pelas usinas pode afetar o setor, visto que os fornecedores, por falta de opções, precisam se moldar a cadeia, contudo, as próprias usinas vêm tendo dificuldades em si manter em funcionamento.
Application of COM-B model as a support to Lean Healthcare diagnostic – the case of Pharmaceutical Assistance Process
Authors: Yamashiro Barrionuevo Karina , Carísio de Paula Istefani , Gularte Aline , Sortica de Bittencourt Lucia
Published: September 2020

Goal:  The objective in this paper is to test the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation to perform Behavior model (COM-B model) from the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) tool (Michie et al., 2014) as part of the diagnosis of Lean Healthcare. 

Design / Methodology / Approach: Interviews were performed with health professionals from the Pharmaceutical Assistance Process (PCPr) in the city of Porto Alegre-RS, responsible for the stages of selection, programming, acquisition, storage, distribution and dispensation (SPASDD) of the PCPr cycle in the municipality. The content analysis of data allowed to develop a model for diagnosing and monitoring the logistical performance of PCPr.  

Results: Results indicated that about 94.0% of problems related to physical and social opportunities in the processes, including improvements in the workspace, furniture, HR hiring and training, security of assets and relationships with users of the PCPr system, which if minimized can reduce the resistance of employees to the change process. Dimensions such as motivation, psychological and physical capacity have revealed lower percentages, but they are important opportunities to improve the PCPr process.

Limitations of the investigation: The reduced number of respondents, however interviews were sufficient to capture the perceptions and build a scenario that may be validated in the future with other stakeholders involved in the process.

Practical implications:  The practical contribution resides in the identification of the behaviors to be changed in a Lean Healthcare project at the Pharmaceutical Care context. COM-B helped to identify behaviors that may hamper the efficiency of the PCPr in a large city.

Originality / Value: COM-B has proved to be a useful method to support Lean Healthcare projects, the contribution of this investigation lies in expanding the applicability of COM-B model along with Lean Healthcare projects, mainly at the diagnosis stage.
Rapid, Fatal Acute Right Ventricular Failure After Locoregional Cytokine Therapy for Uveal Melanoma Liver Metastases
Authors: Kabadi Rajiv A. , Shah Mital , Marhefka Gregary D. , George Gautam , Awsare Bharat , Terai Mizue , Sato Takami
Published: September 2020

Locoregional cytokine treatment, or immunoembolization, is an experimental targeted therapy for uveal melanoma metastatic to the liver. Unlike systemic cytokine treatments that have been associated with substantial toxicity, this method of drug delivery appears to be better tolerated. Because this newer therapy is being prescribed more widely, oncologists, interventional radiologists, cardiologists, pulmonologists, critical care specialists, and other providers should become familiar with potential adverse reactions.

We describe the case of a 67-year-old man who had metastatic uveal melanoma. Before he underwent liver-directed immunoembolization, he had elevated markers of endothelial dysfunction. He died after the rapid onset of acute right ventricular failure from severe pulmonary hypertension with possible superimposed isolated right ventricular takotsubo cardiomyopathy. In discussing this rare case, we focus on the differential diagnosis.