bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Moore and grab sampling method for Salmonella Typhi detection in environmental samples in Ghana
Authors: Owusu Michael , Darko Eric , Akortia Debora , Nkrumah Gifty , Twumasi-Ankrah Sampson , Owusu-Ansah Michael , Uzzell Christopher B. , Rigby Jonathan , Troman Catherine M. , Zhou Nicolette A. , Meschke John Scott , Shaw Alexander G. , Grassly Nicholas C. , Adu-Sarkodie Yaw , Owusu-Dabo Ellis
Published: February 2025

Background

Typhoid fever causes substantial mortality and morbidity in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) as a result of inadequate water, hygiene, and sanitation facilities. The gold standard for typhoid diagnosis is blood culture, however this method is expensive and mostly unavailable in LMICs. Environmental surveillance (ES) could offer a low cost alternative to identify circulation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S.Typhi) and help inform public health interventions including vaccination.

Methods

We implemented standardized protocols for ES at 40 validated sites in peri-urban communities in Ghana from July 2022 to August 2023. Grab samples (GS) and Moore swabs (MS) were collected monthly for the initial 6 months and subsequently monthly MS were maintained for the rest of the study period. Wastewater samples were tested for S. Typhi target genes (ttr, staG, tviB) and a biomarker of human faecal contamination (Bacteroides HF183) using multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR). Clinical surveillance for typhoid fever was performed by blood culture of febrile cases presenting to the local hospital who lived in the study area.

Results

For the first 6 months of wastewater ES, we observed a higher prevalence of S. Typhi in MS compared to GS [100/240 (42%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 34-50% vs. 24/240 (10%; 95% CI: 6-16%)]; p-value < 0.001]. Overall, the detection of S. Typhi throughout the study period based on MS was 42.1% (202/480; 95% CI: 35-50%). The prevalence of S. Typhi in blood culture surveillance was 0.21% [12/5,576; 95% CI: 0.12-0.38%]. Precipitation (1.1 (95% CI: 1.02-1.10) and number of wet days (2.0 (95%CI: 1.40-2.88) were positively associated with an increased odds of S. Typhi detection in MS and GS.

Conclusion

Generally the proportion of S.Typhi detections in wastewater samples was less than blood culture-based detections. Limited detection of confirmed typhoid fever cases at the local hospital may reflect healthcare seeking behaviours, access as well as early treatment with over-the-counter antibiotics. Further work is required to confirm these qPCR detections with amplicon sequencing methods. Strategies also needs to be developed for integration of ES into public health decision making for the prevention of typhoid fever.
Coordination and variability of muscular activation in male athletes with and without subacromial impingement syndrome: A case-control study
Authors: Sheikhhoseini Rahman , Abdollahi Sajjad , Salsali Mohammad , Anbarian Mehrdad , Guess Trent M.
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Athletes with Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SIS) exhibit altered muscular coordination and variability during repetitive shoulder movements compared to athletes without SIS. This research compared the Coordination and Variability of Muscular Activation in Male Athletes with and Without SIS.

Methods

In this case-control study, twenty-four male athletes were recruited and divided into two groups: those with SIS (n = 12) and those without SIS (n = 12). Participants performed a repetitive reaching task (RRT) for a minimum of fifteen repetitions. Electromyography (EMG) data were recorded from selected shoulder muscles. Muscle synergies, intra-group variability, and inter-group variability were extracted from the EMG data. An independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test was employed to analyze data at a significance level of 95% (α < 0.05).

Results

Three observable muscle synergy patterns were identified in both groups. Significant differences in variance accounted for (VAFmuscle) were found in the posterior deltoid, subscapular, and middle deltoid muscles, but these differences may not be clinically significant and warrant further research. No significant statistical differences were found in intra-group variability between the groups, which may suggest that the hypothesis is not fully supported. However, significant differences in inter-group variability were observed between the SIS and control (CON) groups.

Conclusions

This study showed differences in muscular coordination and variability during RRT in athletes with and without SIS. Three different muscle synergy patterns were demonstrated in both groups. It seems that timing and coordination changes in muscle activation may influence movement efficiency and increase the risk of performance errors.
Antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) against streptozotocin-induced diabetes and oxidative stress in Wistar albino male rats
Authors: Alharbi Yousef M. , Aljalis Rashed A. , Barakat Hassan
Published: February 2025

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia, often leading to complications such as oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and organs damage. Sage (Salvia officinalis L.), a medicinal plant with rich antioxidant and bioactive compounds, has shown promise in managing diabetes and related complications. This study investigates the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative effects of aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts of S. officinalis leaves at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight in Wister albino male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress.

Materials and Methods: Wistar albino male rats (n = 49) were divided into seven groups: Normal control, diabetes-induced control (STZ), metformin-treated (50 mg/kg/day), and groups treated with AE (400 and 800 mg/kg/day) and EE (400 and 800 mg/kg/day). Parameters assessed included weight gain percentage, random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profiles, liver and kidney function markers, oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione [GSH], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], malonaldehyde [MDA]), and histopathological examination of the pancreas.

Results: AE and EE significantly reduced RBG and FBG and improved weight gain recovery. At 800 mg/kg, AE and EE effectively reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and very LDL-C (VLDL-C) while increasing high-density lipoproteins cholesterol more than 400 mg/kg doses or metformin. Liver and kidney functions were restored with high-dose AE and EE showing superior efficacy. Antioxidant biomarkers (GSH, CAT, and SOD) were significantly enhanced, while MDA levels were reduced. Histopathological analysis confirmed restoration of islets of Langerhans and acinar cells to near-normal conditions in treated groups.

Conclusion: The AE and EE of S. officinalis demonstrated potent antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative properties, offering significant potential as a natural therapeutic option for managing diabetes and oxidative stress-related complications.

Keywords: Antioxidants, diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemic, oxidative stress, Salvia officinalis.
Az Egyetemi Közösségi Szerepvállalás (EKSZ) terjedését akadályozó tényezők
Authors: Málovics György
Published: February 2025

Napjainkban az egyetemek egyre inkább találkoznak azon társadalmi és politikai elvárással, hogy bizonyítsák társadalmi hasznosságukat. Ennek egyik lehetséges eszköze az egyetemi közösségi szerepvállalás (EKSZ). Mindemellett az EKSZ a legtöbb esetben az akadémiai szférában, ha megvalósul egyáltalán, sporadikus jellegű, egy-egy személyhez, kisebb szervezeti egységhez kapcsolódik, és jellemzően önkéntes (pénzügyileg/teljesítményértékelésben nem ellentételezett) alapon működik – azaz a fokozódó elvárások ellenére elterjedtsége kifejezetten alacsony fokú. Tanulmányomban e jelenségből kiindulva kvalitatív empirikus kutatásom alapján azt vizsgálom, hogy hazánkban mely tényezők azok, amelyek hozzájárulnak e látszólag ellentmondásos helyzethez. Eredményeim alapján kijelenthető, hogy az EKSZ alacsony fokú elterjedtsége nem meglepő: az EKSZ és napjaink versenyalapú, az akadémiai szféra vonatkozásában gyakran a nemzetközi akadémiai kapitalizmus jelzőjével illetett világa közt ontológiai szintű ellentét feszül.
Exploring the Role of Public-Private Partnerships in the Development of Multi-Modal Transport Networks in Nigeria: An Operations Research Approach
Authors: I Adaji , M. O. Francis , J. U. Okeme , G. O Ijiebor
Published: February 2025

The development of efficient multi-modal transport networks is critical for enhancing mobility and fostering economic growth in Nigeria. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a key strategy for mobilizing private sector investment and expertise in transportation infrastructure projects. This paper explores the role of PPPs in the development of multi-modal transport networks in Nigeria, employing a rigorous operations research approach to analyze the efficiency, risk allocation, and financial feasibility of various PPP models. Using case studies and a mathematical modeling framework, the paper investigates how PPPs can optimize the performance of transport networks, improve service delivery, and address Nigeria’s unique challenges in infrastructure development. The findings suggest that while PPPs offer significant benefits, careful consideration of institutional frameworks, risk management strategies, and financing structures is crucial to their success.
La epistemología de la teología moral contemporánea: compleja e interdisciplinar
Authors: Montero Orphanopoulos Carolina
Published: February 2025

Este artículo examina los desafíos contemporáneos de la epistemología de la teología moral, destacando la necesidad de superar anteriores visiones hegemónicas y monolíticas del conocimiento. Subraya la importancia de interpretar continuamente la revelación divina considerando su naturaleza encarnada e histórica, permitiendo una hermenéutica dinámica de ésta adecuada a los desafíos actuales. La construcción de la epistemología de la ética teológica contemporánea propuesta busca ser interdisciplinar y compleja, abogando por una teología moral que respete su autonomía epistemológica mientras se enriquece con aportes interdisciplinarios, evitando la fragmentación del conocimiento. Se examinan enfoques como el cuadrilátero wesleyano, la teoría del pensamiento complejo de Edgar Morin y el método de Bernard Lonergan para enriquecer esta perspectiva. Propone una epistemología abierta, relacional y permeable, que permita una exploración más amplia del ser humano, el mundo, y aquello que lo trasciende.
Aprendizajes y propuestas para una teología de la sexualidad
Authors: Torre Díaz Javier de la
Published: February 2025

Partiendo de un concepto dinámico de tradición moral como profundización y desarrollo del Espíritu, analiza brevemente tres cuestiones de moral sexual en el Concilio y postconcilio a través de su desarrollo histórico para percibir esos elementos y claves del Espíritu que nos pueden ayudar a realizar una renovada teología de la sexualidad que afronte los desafíos de hoy. Para ello se propone un decálogo.
Confronting Ecclesial Sin and Galvanizing a Shared Project for Moral Repair
Authors: Marcus Mescher
Published: February 2025

The Church presents itself as the visible presence of God in the world, a holy institution, and a place of sanctification. The Church is also a locus of sin, both through individual acts and through structures that resist transparency, accountability, and equitable power-sharing in the Church. If we are to respond to the new challenges of our time, then we need theological ethics to confront the moral harm caused by these sinful actions and structures as well as map out pathways toward moral repair. This essay proposes a category of «ecclesial sin» to identify the dimensions of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional damage caused by a betrayal of sacred trust and sacred power vested in Church leaders as ordained in persona Christi. It then explores how to deliver moral repair through seven commitments: reckoning, repentance, repairing relationships, restorative justice, reparations, reclaiming prophetic voice, and reforming structures.
GEOMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE AERODYNAMICS OF A HIGH-RISE BUILDING WITH A BUILT-IN WIND GENERATOR
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering,  Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Khazov P.A.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the influence of changes in building geometry on wind flow in the working area of wind generators. Air flows are an alternative source of energy, and the geometry of the surrounding forms directly affects the efficiency of wind generators, the integration of which into the body of a building has recently become popular. The research used numerical modeling of a building in the Ansys CFX software package. The geometric dependence of the length of the facade on other building parameters was derived. Six building forms with the same floor plan area were considered. For a more objective assessment, the study was carried out using different angles of attack of the wind flow. To select the optimal geometric shape, a coefficient was used that showed the change in air velocity in-side the wind generator relative to the original shape. The optimal form is with a slight slope of the facade. This shape allows the direction of the air flow into the wind generator at a fairly high speed and from almost any wind direction.
Profil Kandungan Fitokimia Ekstrak Lamun Enhalus acoroides Sebagai Antibakteri Escherichia coli dan Vibrio harveyi dari Perairan Sapeken-Madura
Authors: Asih Eka Nurrahema Ning , Ni'amah Siti Nihayatun , Insafitri Insafitri , Kartika Ary Giri Dwi , Pratiwi Wiwit Sri Werdi , Nuzula Nike I.
Published: February 2025

Meningkatnya penggunaan antimikroba sintetik beresiko menghasilkan mutasi strain bakteri patogen resisten dan jumlah toksisitas perairan menyebabkan gagalnya budidaya perikanan. Perlu alternatif lain untuk mengatasi resiko ini dengan mengoptimalkan vegetasi laut kaya senyawa bioaktif sebagai antibakteri seperti lamun Enhalus acoroides dari perairan Sapeken. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui kandungan fitokimia ekstrak E.acoroides dan menganalisis perbedaan signifikan zona hambat bakteri V. harveyi dan E. coli terhadap beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak E. acoroides. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi, uji fitokimia merujuk Harbone (1987) dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Terdapat 4 konsentrasi ekstrak yang diuji antibakteri yaitu 10000 ppm, 20000 ppm, 40000 ppm dan 80000 ppm, kontrol positif (kloramfenikol), dan kontrol negatif (aquades) dengan 3 kali ulangan selama 3x24 jam pengamatan. Uji ANOVA dan uji Tukey digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan signifikan pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak E. acoroides terhadap masing-masing bakteri uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak E. acoroides dari perairan Sapeken mengandung alkaloid, saponin, dan triterpenoid. Diameter zona hambat bakteri E. coli berbeda nyata signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap konsentrasi ekstrak, sebaliknya diameter zona hambat V. harveyi tidak berbeda nyata signifikan (p>0,05) terhadap konsentrasi ekstrak. Konsentrasi 80.000 ppm merupakan konsentrasi terbaik sebagai antibakteri E. coli dan V. harveyi. Penelitian ini menjadi informasi awal pengembangan produk antimikroba berbahan E. acoroides.
Analisis Senyawa Hasil Fermentasi Pakan Udang Menggunakan Isolat Kapang Endofit Mangrove
Authors: Indrawatara Raditya Paksi , Trianto Agus , Pringgenies Delianis
Published: February 2025

Fermentasi adalah teknik pengolahan pakan berfungsi untuk meningkatkan senyawa bioaktif dan menghilangkan faktor anti nutrisi di dalam pakan. Tujuan penilitian ini untuk mengetahui kandidat kapang yang berpotensi dalam proses fermentasi pakan udang dan mengetahui jenis atau perbedaan golongan senyawa yang dihasilkan dari setiap hasil fermentasi dengan menggunakan isolat yang berbeda. Isolat kapang didapatkan dari koleksi kapang Marine Natural Product, Unit Pelaksanaan Teknis Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Diponegoro. Kultur massal dan cair dilakukan mengunakan media Potato Dextrose Agar  (PDA) dan Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) Fermentasi pakan udang dilakukan dengan 4 perlakuan berbeda, yaitu: kontrol, fermentasi menggunakan isolat Fusarium equiseti, fermentasi menggunakan isolat Pestalotiopsis microspora dan fermentasi konsorsium. Maserasi dilakukan selama 3x24 jam dengan pelarut etil asetat dan methanol. Uji Liquid Chromatography Tandem-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) dilakukan untuk screening senyawa yang dihasilkan. Hasil kultur massal dan kultur cair dari masing-masing isolat kapang tumbuh baik pada semua jenis media tanam. Hasil fermentasi menggunakan isolat-isolat kapang menunjukan perbedaan tekstur dan warna pada pakan. Hasil kromatogram menunjukkan perlakuan fermentasi mampu mereduksi kandungan dalam pakan dengan berkurangnya intensitas pada peak dengan Rt {(9.37) - (10.80)} dari setiap variabel fermentasi pakan. Kemunculan senyawa baru yang dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi ditunjukkan pada kromatogram setiap variabel fermentasi pakan pada peak dengan Rt {(4.95) - (6.78)}. Penurunan intensitas kandungan selulosa dan protein pakan udang terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan fermentasi pakan menggunakan isolat Pestalotiopsis microspora (19-MSR-B3-5).
Pembentukan Zona Hambat Patogen Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli terhadap Pigmen Fukosantin Ekstrak Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh
Authors: Pasaribu Mhevy Nadya , Pramesti Rini , Sedjati Sri
Published: February 2025

Pigmen fukosantin merupakan pigmen yang terdapat dari rumput laut cokelat Sargassum polycystum yang kadarnya tertinggi dari pigmen lainnya. Pigmen ini dapat digunakan sebagai sediaan bahan kosmetik dan  obat – obatan. Dalam bidang farmasi tanaman ini mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang dapat digunakan sebagai anti-obesitas, anti-diabet, antiinflamasi dan antibakteri. Sampel diperoleh dari perairan Pulau Panjang, Jepara. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui proses isolasi pigmen fukosantin dan potensi antibakteri pigmen fukosantin S. polycystum. Identifikasi fukosantin menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Isolasi fukosantin dengan metode kromatografi kolom. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi cakram. Bakteri patogen yang digunakan S. aureus dan E. coli. Konsentrasi ekstrak fukosantin sebagai sampel uji digunakan 150 µg/disk, 250 µg/disk dan 500 µg/disk. Pengamatan zona hambat selama 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak pigmen fukosantin memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Rerata diameter zona hambat terbesar terdapat pada jam ke-24 terhadap patogen S. aureus adalah 10,6 ± 0,057 mm dan zona hambat terbesar terdapat pada jam ke -24 pada patogen E. coli adalah 10,1 ± 0,014 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya aktivitas pigmen fukosantin berpotensi sebagai antibakteri.
Effective remediation of organic pollutant using Musa acuminata peel extract-assisted iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Hedfi Amor , Ben Ali Manel , Haq Sirajul , Razzokov Jamoliddin , Rehman Wajid , Waseem Muhammad , Elmnasri Khaled , Khalid Hossain M. , Rehman Fazal Ur , Karimbaev Eldor , Shujaat Shafia
Published: February 2025

The increasing environmental concerns over wastewater contamination have spurred significant interest in developing efficient and sustainable methods for wastewater treatment. In this study, a simple and user-friendly approach was employed to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs) using Musa acuminata peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized IO-NPs were thoroughly characterized using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis to investigate their structural, morphological, compositional, and optical properties. The crystallite size was determined to be 38.42 nm, while the particle size was nearly double, at 65.22 nm. The IO-NPs were further evaluated for their photocatalytic efficacy in degrading methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine 6G (R-6G), two common organic dye pollutants. The highest degradation efficiency of 99.42% was achieved for R-6G, while MO showed a degradation of 79.87% within 160 min. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted under varying conditions of catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, and solution pH to optimize the degradation process. The recycling potential of the IO-NPs was also examined by performing the photocatalytic process over five cycles, demonstrating their reusability and potential for sustainable wastewater treatment.
New convolutions for the Hartley integral transform imbedded in the Banach algebras and convolution-type integral equations
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Minh , Giang Bui Thi , Ha Quan Thai
Published: February 2025

This article presents two types of the new convolutions for the Hartley integral transform associated with the Hermite functions, gives rise to the identification of some commutative and non-commutative Banach algebras, and to the Young inequalities which, in a certain sense, can be seen as the exceptional Young inequalities. Moreover, the solvability of a class of the integral equations is investigated, and their solutions in a series form can be obtained by using the constructed convolutions.
Analysis of the formation process of a natural fertilizer in the loess area
Authors: Lei Na , Zhang Jinyang , Sun Zenghui , Wang Zhicheng
Published: February 2025

In the Loess Plateau, farmers usually collect the surface soil of terrace sections for use as a fertilizer. Samples were taken at the Loess Plateau in Yan’an City to analyze the distribution patterns on the terrace section of different types, including different years (2, 6, and 10 years), slope aspects (shady slope and sunny slope), vertical heights (0.2, 1, and 1.8 m from the ground), and depths (0–1, 1–3, and 3–5 cm from the surface soil). The results showed that (1) with the increase in years, under the influence of natural factors such as temperature, sunlight, and moisture, the soil nutrients on the surface of terrace section were gradually activated and enriched, and the enrichment effect of nutrients on the 10-year terrace section was the most significant. (2) Under the influence of natural factors such as temperature and sunlight, as the depth of the terrace section from the soil surface increased, the values of available potassium and total nitrogen gradually decreased. The nutrients on the terrace section were mainly enriched in the surface soil and could be used as potassium and nitrogen fertilizers. (3) In the study area, when the heights from the ground surface were different, the differences in nutrients on the terrace section were not significant. The surface soil of the terrace section was measured to be rich in nutrients such as nitrogen and potassium. The research results confirmed the scientific nature of local farmers’ collection of fertilizers from the terrace section and have important theoretical reference value for the rapid ripening of raw soil in land remediation projects and the production of ecological fertilizers.
Ш-rigidity of Chevalley groups over local rings
Authors: Bunina Elena , Kunyavskiĭ Boris
Published: February 2025

We prove that every locally inner endomorphism of a Chevalley group (or its elementary subgroup) over a local ring with an irreducible root system of rank

>
1

>1

(with

1
/
2

1/2

for the systems

A
2

\mathbf{A}_{2}

,

F
4

\mathbf{F}_{4}

,

B
ℓ

\mathbf{B}_{\ell}

,

C
ℓ

\mathbf{C}_{\ell}

and with

1
/
3

1/3

for the system

G
2

\mathbf{G}_{2}

) is inner, so that all these groups are

Ш

\Sha

-rigid.
Cultural interaction and value pursuit: the Shijing in German culture
Authors: Yang Xinwen
Published: February 2025

In addition to being a treasure of Chinese literature, the Shijing is also an integral part of world literature. Its translation and dissemination in Germany have a history of nearly 300 years, reflecting Germany’s sustained attention to Chinese literary classics and highlighting the dialogue and interactions between the two cultures at different historical stages. The powerful textual interpretations and meaning-construction functions of the Shijing are key reasons for its enduring relevance in Germany. From Jakobson’s theory of translation semiotics, the interlingual translation of the Shijing into German can be divided into a direct symbolic conversion from Chinese to German and translation via a third language. Versions directly based on the original Chinese text undergo a process from intralingual translation to interlingual translation, ultimately achieving equivalence in difference between Chinese and German language and cultural information as distinct symbolic systems. German translators and scholars have approached the Shijing from the perspectives of cultural interpretation, literary criticism, and aesthetic analysis, conducting cross-cultural interpretations. Embedded within this are diverse value propositions based on local cultural and academic traditions, including promoting cultural understanding, embodying the Chinese imagination, shaping literary concepts, and fostering cultural exchange. Investigating the cultural interaction during the dissemination of the Shijing in Germany and the research value propositions of German academia contributes to examining the construction of Shijing Studies in Europe and promotes the study of the Chinese classics’ dissemination overseas.
The Long Shadow of Versailles: An Unusual Controversy on John Maynard Keynes between the German Ordoliberals Walter Eucken and Wilhelm Röpke
Authors: Horn Karen
Published: February 2025

Ordoliberalism and Keynesianism are not exactly known to fit hand in glove. Accordingly, the German economists Walter Eucken, head of the Freiburg School, and Wilhelm Röpke, from his Istanbul and Geneva exiles, were in near perfect agreement in their opposition to the interventionist “full employment” teachings of their English colleague John Maynard Keynes. An article by Röpke on Keynes in the Swiss newspaper Neue Zürcher Zeitung (NZZ) published in 1946, however, met with “fundamental objections” by Eucken, and a controversy took off. The bone of contention between the two colleagues and dissimilar friends was Keynes’s famous earlier critique of the Treaty of Versailles, and the lessons to be drawn for the post-World War II situation. This article tells the story of this unusual and puzzling controversy, quoting from the letters between the two, and contextualizes the exchange in order to make sense of it. It turns out that there was an economic, a human, and – most significantly – a political side to their disagreement. Eucken and Röpke assessed the economic development since 1919 somewhat differently, and Eucken felt compelled to defend Keynes against the heavy moral accusation of having contributed to the Nazi catastrophe. But perhaps most of all, he found it tactically unwise in 1946 to endorse arguments that would support an even harsher attitude by the Allies toward Germany after World War II. In a first translation, the article’s appendixes contain Röpke’s NZZ article that sparked the controversy, as well as the rejoinder by Eucken’s former student Valentin F. Wagner. A new, full translation of an earlier NZZ article by Röpke on Keynes in lieu of an obituary is also provided.
Del resistir al re-existir: el caso del Consejo Ragional Indígena Del Cauca
Authors: Olivero Olmos Joan Sebastian
Published: February 2025

El Consejo Regional Indígena del Cauca (Cric) ha desarrollado una movilización social durante más de 50 años, en la que se han entretejido diversas relaciones de poder entre múltiples agentes sociales. Allí las acciones sociales llevadas a cabo por la organización se han materializado de diversas formas y en múltiples campos sociológicos. No obstante, desde la academia se han usado conceptos insuficientes, que no permiten vislumbrar la complejidad en la que se entretejen estas luchas. Así las cosas, este trabajo, construido a partir del proceso reflexivo a lo largo de la formación como Magister en sociología, aborda las principales características del Cric con la intención de fortalecer el concepto de re-existencia en términos teóricos y metodológicos, cuyo uso académico puede ofrecer una alternativa para analizar la complejidad sociológica en torno de las luchas llevadas a cabo por diferentes pueblos de América Latina en general, y de los abanderados por el Cric en particular. El escrito cierra con una invitación para el fortalecimiento de una mirada decolonial en las ciencias sociales, las cuales pueden y deben estar más atentas a los conceptos nacidos en el seno de las personas que pretenden investigar.
Multimodal imaging to identify brain markers of human prosocial behavior
Authors: Ishihara Toru , Tanaka Hiroki , Kiyonari Toko , Matsuda Tetsuya , Takagishi Haruto
Published: February 2025

How humans achieve such a high degree of prosocial behavior is a subject of considerable interest. Exploration of the neural foundations of human prosociality has garnered significant attention in recent decades. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying human prosociality remain to be elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed multimodal brain imaging data and data from 15 economic games. The results revealed several significant associations between brain characteristics and prosocial behavior, including stronger interhemispheric connectivity and larger corpus callosum volume. Greater functional segregation and integration, alongside fewer myelin maps combined with a thicker cortex, was linked to prosocial behavior, particularly within the social brain regions. The current study demonstrates that these metrics serve as brain markers of human prosocial behavior and provides novel insights into the structural and functional brain basis of human prosocial behavior.

Significance StatementThe objective of this study was to identify brain markers associated with human prosocial behavior using data from 15 major economic games and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging data. The results of the study suggest that specific brain indicators, including myelin density and resting-state inter-hemispheric functional connectivities, are associated with prosocial behavior. The use of a data-driven approach holds particular significance within the realm of social neuroscience, a field that grapples with a multitude of variables.
EFFECT OF LAUREL EXTRACT AND COOKING TIME ON QUALITY AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF SOUS-VIDE COOKED TURKEY BREAST
Authors: Serdaroğlu Meltem , Derin Esra
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the effects of laurel extract (LE) and different sous-vide cooking durations on the quality parameters of marinated turkey breast meat. For this purpose, samples were cooked for 90 min (SP90) or 120 min (SP120) using the sous-vide method, with additional groups including laurel extract (SP90E, SP120E). The samples were stored at +4°C for 9 days, and analyzed at three-day intervals for marinade absorption, cooking loss, pH, color, lipid and protein oxidation, texture profile, sensory, and microbiological properties. Cooking duration did not affect cooking loss, while LE addition and prolonged cooking time led to darker color. At all storage stages, LE-treated samples showed lower TBARS and carbonyl values regardless of cooking time, whereas LE-free samples had decreased sulfhydryl content. Cooking duration, LE, and storage time influenced color, appearance, and flavor, but no significant differences were found in texture or overall acceptability at the end of storage. Microbiological analyses confirmed that all samples remained safe for consumption throughout storage.
La sede del CINVA en la ciudad universitaria de Bogotá: lectura de un edificio manifiesto
Authors: Galindo-Díaz Jorge , Mejía Camilo Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Este artículo describe los determinantes conceptuales que orientaron el diseño y la construcción del edificio sede del Centro Interamericano de Vivienda - CINVA, al interior del campus de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en Bogotá (1953). En la primera parte se hace una explicación concerniente a la metodología y el estado del arte de investigaciones conexas. Posteriormente se describe la manera en que empezaron las actividades propias del Centro y que en el corto plazo condicionarían su programa funcional, para dar paso al relato acerca de la génesis del diseño con una breve relación de quienes integraron el equipo a cargo. La discusión se centra la manera en que los sistemas constructivos empleados respondieron a una serie de premisas proyectuales explícitamente descritas, pero que no tuvieron plena continuidad en la formación académica de los becarios del Centro. Las conclusiones buscan resaltar la manera en que la conjunción de todos estos aspectos permite afirmar que la sede del CINVA es un edificio manifiesto que sirvió de referente a una corriente de exploración tecnológica en el país durante buena parte de la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
Digitalization of Ancient Manuscripts from Tuban Regency as Historical Sources
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: February 2025

Manuscripts are the result of a person's handwriting, which contains various information, including thoughts, community culture, life history, customs in the past, which become a source of historical studies, and so on. Manuscripts in Indonesia are widely scattered throughout the country, including manuscripts in Tuban Regency. Tuban has a solid Islamic history. This is evidenced by the existence of handwritten evidence that contains various ancient manuscript information. Many people need to learn more information about the existence of manuscripts. Until care and preservation are often ignored. This method uses a philological approach focusing on a series of ancient manuscript text studies. Starting at the inventory stage of field study data collection, conservation preservation, digitization, and digital data processing. The manuscript study focuses on the Tuban Regency area by visiting several active institutions such as museums, Islamic boarding schools, and some residents. This study requires a spatial topography to ensure the condition of the manuscripts is realized based on geographical conditions and adjusts to the temperature and light entities. It can be found that some manuscripts need to be revised due to inadequate care. Manuscript preservation efforts have been carried out through various challenges, such as looking at biological, physical, and chemical factors and factors due to human negligence. Involves the challenge of providing the digital world with a place to store information on various kinds of manuscripts.
The History and Development of the Persatuan Tarbiyah Islamiyah (PERTI)
Authors: Zakiyah Lulu Syafi , Alfiyah Zahra Nur , Akhiroh Sitatun
Published: February 2025

The Minangkabau language and traditions, with strong geographical and cultural Islamic identity, are dominantly adhered by the Ahlusunnah Waljama’ah and Madzhab Syafi’i. Establishing Suraus as educational institutions, marked as the beginning of Islamization. Most of education system in Minangkabau was based on surau since it was first emerged from the region. Persatuan Tarbiyah Islamiyah establishment was caused by transformation from traditional surau-centered Islamic education to a more sophisticated system. The formation of this organization was also influenced by the struggle of Syaikh Sulaiman Arrasuli after his return from Mecca. This research aims to provide deeper insights regarding history and the development of Persatuan Tarbiyah Islamiyah. A literature review was conducted using several steps: selecting relevant literature, tracing sources, reading the literature, and taking the step of reading the sources thoroughly to gain new insights and form a theoretical framework. The findings of this research indicate that the split in PERTI in 1944 was caused by a shift in the organization's focus, from social-community activities to a more politically oriented direction, as well as a shift of the organization's center from Bukittinggi to Jakarta.
Sufism in Historical Perspective: From Classical Traditions to Modern Interpretations
Authors: Faradila Hanesty , Sa’adah Aimmatuz , Rojali Cukup , Hajam Hajam
Published: February 2025

Sufism is a spiritual dimension of Islam that grew out of the early Islamic tradition of asceticism, where the companions and followers of the Prophet lived simply to draw closer to God. This research explores the historical development of Sufism from the 3rd to the 6th centuries of the Islamic calender, focusing such as Hasan al-Basri, Rabi’ah al-Adawiyah, Al-Junaid al-Baghdadi and Al-Ghazali played significant roles in shaping Sufism, emphasizing a balance between spirituality and Islamic law. From the 6th to the 11th centuries, Sufism became institutionalized through various Sufi orders like Qadiriyya and Naqshabandiyya, which spread Islam to regions like the Indonesian archipelago. These orders effectively combined Islamic teachings with local cultures. While some criticized Sufism for deviating from Islamic law, reformers like Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi ensured its continued relevance. Today, Sufism offers spiritual solutions to modern challenges such as materialism and individualism, guiding Muslims toward a deeper connection with God. Sufi teachings not only purify the soul but also strengthen morality and promote social harmony.
Tracing Identity: The Socio-Cultural Transformation of the Akit Tribe of Bengkalis in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Arwani M. Khairul , Djahamao Nurangdini Zaenab , Yazid Ilham Utama , Umami Khotibul , Afifah Sarah Afifah
Published: February 2025

The Akit tribe in Bengkalis has undergone significant socio-cultural transformations in the era of globalization. This study explores the complex processes through which the Akit community navigates changes in their identity, traditions, and social structures. The research examines the impact of global influences on local customs by investigating how external pressures and internal dynamics have reshaped the tribe's cultural landscape. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary data, the study highlights the resilience and adaptability of the Akit people in preserving their heritage while integrating new cultural elements. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the impact of globalization on indigenous communities, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by the Akit tribe in maintaining their cultural identity in a rapidly changing world. Additionally, this research contributes to academic literature by providing new perspectives on cultural adaptation, sharpening the discourse on cultural sustainability in the modern era, and offering practical recommendations for policymakers in designing strategies that support the preservation of local cultures amidst the currents of globalization. The study's contributions are significant in fostering a deeper appreciation of the delicate balance between cultural preservation and adaptation, ensuring that the unique cultural identity of the Akit tribe is not lost but rather enriched through the thoughtful incorporation of global influences. By examining the Akit tribe's experiences, this research underscores the importance of culturally sensitive approaches in policy-making and highlights the role of indigenous knowledge in shaping sustainable development pathways.
'The Wild Robot' (2024)
Authors: Richards Michaela , Toy Michael
Published: February 2025

The Wild Robot (2024). Director: Chris Sanders. DreamWorks.
Timothy Morton. 'Hell: In Search of a Christian Ecology' (2024)
Authors: Robinson Scott
Published: February 2025

Timothy Morton. Hell: In Search of a Christian Ecology, New York: Columbia University Press, 2024, pp. 257, US$26.95, ISBN 9780231214711 (pbk).
Imagination and AI Technology Ethics: with Explorations through Contemporary Chinese Science Fiction
Authors: Yuan Feng
Published: February 2025

This article contends that reflecting on AI ethics necessitates imaginative narration, incorporating non-Western cultures to construct communicative and pluralistic ethical perspectives. It begins by examining the mediative and interactive functions of imagination,
transitioning from Kantian subjectivity to intersubjectivity, underscoring its role in bridging
human connections and shaping AI design. The imagination of thingness is analyzed
through a phenomenological lens, drawing on Heideggerian interpretations. Here, imagination is no longer limited to representing the real world but highlights the intricate interplay
between the material world and technological innovations. Additionally, this article argues
that Hannah Arendt’s ethical exploration of imagination provides a crucial counterpoint to
the problem of the “banality of evil.” Specifically, it offers a framework to train AI systems
not as unreflective executors, like Eichmann, but as ethical agents capable of imagining
otherness with a common sense. In the second part, the article explores contemporary
Chinese science fiction, as an example of non-western imaginative narration, to introduce
Chinese philosophical archetypes as convergent elements in AI design. These archetypes
offer unique Eastern ethical perspectives, emphasizing the interconnectedness of human
and technological developments. The material expressions of imagination in these works
combine traditional craftsmanship with AI modeling, demonstrating how artisanal techniques can inform technological creativity. Furthermore, the virtues of craftsmanship, including precision and patience, serve as a decelerative force against the dangers of unchecked AI expansion. Finally, the article highlights the fostering of common senses
through imagination, particularly from science fiction and feminist speculations, as a means
to enrich both human and technological mindsets. This imaginative approach offers innovative and ethical pathways for sustainable AI development and interaction.
IMPACT OF OIL PRICES ON BOURSA KUWAIT
Authors:   College of Business Studies, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait, Al Ajmi Mesfer Mahdi Al Mesfer
Published: February 2025

Given Kuwait’s economic dependency on oil exports, analyzing the effects of oil prices
fluctuations on the emerging Boursa Kuwait is crucial. The main purpose of this study is to
investigate the long-run and short-run relationships between Kuwait’s oil prices and Boursa
Kuwait’s performance utilizing recent data of the premier index, which was established in 2018.
After applying the stationarity tests on the daily data from 2018 to 2022, the empirical Johansen’s
cointegration method revealed the absence of long-run relationship between oil prices and stock
market returns when an optimal lag two of the Schwarz information criterion was used. In the
short term, the autoregressive model showed that oil prices’ past lag can predict the Kuwait’s oil
prices and premier index, whereas the past lag values of the premier index can predict the premier
index but not oil prices. The vector autoregressive coefficients in the short-run findings is that the
capital market policymakers may need to revise their financial strategies by observing Kuwait’s
oil production, which affects the economy and the performance of the listed companies in Boursa
Kuwait. Moreover, portfolio managers may need to revise their hedging investment policies based
on the effect of oil prices.
Do youth in sport stay out of court? Insights and recommendations for families, coaches, community groups, sports organisations, and policymakers
Authors: Clarke Gloria
Published: February 2025

In Aotearoa New Zealand, rugby and rugby league are popular sporting codes, historically and particularly among males. In their 2023 annual reports, New Zealand Rugby reported 147,434 registered participants, while New Zealand Rugby League reported 28,180. Both institutions have also developed equity, diversity and inclusion strategies aimed at nurturing the participation and involvement of women and girls, as well as Māori and Pacific communities. However, while both codes have recorded an increase in female participation, there has been a gradual decline in male participation (Cully, 2023; Radio New Zealand, 2023; Wilson, 2022). This decline in sport participation has also been noted by (former) Principal Youth Court Judge Andrew Becroft, who found that young male offenders are often not involved in sport (Bruce, 2013; Sport NZ, 2018).

This report summarises the findings of a study that examines sports attrition in relation to youth offending. In that study, the author (Clarke, 2012) examined the childhood and youth sporting experiences and illegal activities of five young men aged between 18 and 25 years old.

The aim of this report is to provide insights into how these young men became involved in sport and why they dropped out, how they became involved in crime, and possible links between their sport participation and offending. Their experiences highlight several issues that can be addressed by parents/caregivers, clubs, sport administrators, coaches, community groups, sports organisations, and policymakers.

In course of the study, six key observations were made. For these young men:
1. rugby and or rugby league were their primary and final sporting codes;
2. these sports were or had become ‘just a game’;
3. aggressive coaches diminished their enjoyment and commitment to sport;
4. their parents/caregivers were absent from their sporting lives;
5. their participation in sport and crime was simultaneous; and
6. the collision aspect of rugby and rugby league may have helped to facilitate their offending.

In this document, the names of these young men have been replaced with aliases. To provide the reader with a richer and deeper understanding of the issues, the report features a number of their stories and reflections (edited for readability only). The research methods are briefly outlined in Appendix 1. Sources included in this report are listed in the References section. For a fuller review of the literature and the research analysis refer to the original research document (Clarke, 2012).
La terapia de interacción padre-hijo (PCIT) : procedimiento y recursos
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba, Ruiz Olivares Rosario , Valle Cobos Susana ,   Universidad de Córdoba
Published: February 2025

De forma paralela al aumento de los problemas de conducta infantil, los programas de intervención desti-nados al entrenamiento de progenitores se están convirtiendo en una de las herramientas más usadas en el tratamiento de este tipo de situaciones. El objetivo principal de este artículo es describir el procedimiento de la Terapia de Interacción Padre e Hijo (pcit) de forma detallada con la idea de facilitar su divulgación y aplicación por parte de profesionales de la psicología que trabajen con familias con hijos con problemas de conducta. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una amplia búsqueda bibliográfica con el propósito de recoger toda la información disponible acerca del procedimiento, así como todos aquellos instrumentos necesarios para poder llevarla a cabo, respetando en todo momento los elementos esenciales de la terapia original.