bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinerja Kesehatan Sapi Neonatus yang Diberi Kolostrum dari Induk Sapi yang Divaksin Escherichia coli
Authors: Wulansari Retno , Esfandiari Anita , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh , Murtini Sri
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari status kesehatan anak sapi baru lahir yang diberi kolostrum berasal dari induk yang telah divaksinasi dangan vaksin E. coli in-aktif. Sebelas ekor anak sapi baru lahir digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kolostrum (diberi kolostrum sapi) dan non-kolostrum (diberi susu sapi). Kolostrum atau susu sapi diberikan sebanyak 10% berat badan secara langsung setelah dilahirkan dan selanjutnya tiap 12 jam selama 3 hari. Uji tantang dilakukan dengan pemberian E. Coli K99 hidup peroral saat anak sapi berumur 14 jam. Pemeriksaan status kesehatan termasuk suhu tubuh, frekuensi pulsus dan napas serta kualitas defikasi pada 0,12, 24, 48, 72 dan 168 jam setelah uji tantang. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa diarrhea timbul pada 12 sampai 26 jam setelah uji tantang pada semua anak sapi kelompok non-kolostrun dan beberapa anak sapi kelompok kolostrum. Kelompok non-kolostrum memperlihatkan tanda klinis dengan diarrhe parah sebagai diarrhe profus yang berwarna pucat kekuningan. Bahkan 1 ekor mati pada 3 hari setelah uji tantang. Sebaliknya pada kelompok kolostrum hanya memperlihatkan diarrhe sedang pada 5 dari 8 ekor. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumsi kolostrum yang berasal dari induk yang telah divaksinasi dengan E. Coli memperlihatkan sifat protektif terhadap infeksi E. coli K99.Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, kolostrum, anak sapi baru lahir. (The Health Performance of Neonatal Calves Received Colostrum from Cows Vaccinated by Escherichia coli)This experiment was conducted to study the health status of neonatal calves received colostrum from cows vaccinated by in-active E. coli. Eleven healthy newborn calves were used in this experiment and divided into two groups, i.e colostrum (received bovine colostrum) and non-colostrum group (received bovine milk). Colostrum or milk were given to the calves at 10% of body weight directly after birth and followed every 12 h, for three days. Challenges were done orally to all newborn calves when they were 14 hours of ages, used live E. coli K-99. Examination of health status included body temperature, pulses and respiration rates, and defecations quality at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after challenges. Results of the experiment showed that diarrhea appeared at 12-26 hours after challenges in all calves of non-colostrum group and part of calves in colostrum group. The non-colostrum group showed a severe clinical signs of diarrhea as watery profuse diarrhea with pale yellowish color. One calf even death at three days after challenges. In contrast, the colostrum group showed only a mild diarrhea in 5 out of 8 calves. In conclusion, the consumption of colostrum originated from cows vaccinated by E. coli showed protective properties against E. coli K-99 infection.Keywords: Escherichia coli, colostrum, neonatal calves
Observation of Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens) in Choyatar, Ilam, East Nepal
Authors: Chalise M. K.
Published: January 2018

A short survey of Red Panda was conducted in Choyatar Community forest of Ilam district, East Nepal. A pair of pandas was observed and behaviors were recorded. It is significant in Nepalese perspective that a protected species was recorded outside the protected area and relatively better natural habitat. Keywords:  Community;  Behavior; Protected species; Natural habitat.  Journal of Natural History MuseumVol. 24, 2009Page: 96-102
Studies of Meiotic Behaviors in Some Taxa of the Nepalese Papilionaceae
Authors: Manandhar Laxmi , Sakya Shyam Ratna
Published: January 2018

This paper reports studies of meiotic behaviors of seventeen species, sub-species and varieties in seven genera of the Nepalese Papilionaceae and new chromosome numbers for three species (Crotalaria cytisoides Roxb. ex DC (n=8), Parochetus communis Buch-Ham. ex D. Don (n=8) and Piptanthus nepalensis (Hook.) D. Don. (n=9, 18) are new number reports. Meiotic behaviors are often normal in all the species). However, a few aberrations like univalents, chromosome bridges, laggards, precocious chromosomes and/ or cytomixis have been observed in most of the taxa. Pollen fertility is high (more than 80%) indicating that the abnormalities had not reached mature stages.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 26, 2012: 68-79
Physiochemical Characteristics of Soil of a Mixed Shorea Robusta Forest in Rupandehi District, Nepal
Authors: Acharya Rajendra , Shrestha Bharat Babu
Published: January 2018

Physiochemical characteristics of soil of mixed Shorea robusta forest in Parroha community forest of Rupandehi district (central Nepal) were analyzed. Soil samples were collected from south eastern (SE) and south western (SE) slopes of the forest and analyzed for water holding capacity (WHC), pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. The soil acidic (pH 4.2-6.2) with organic matter 1.87-2.73 %, nitrogen 0.09-0.13 %, phosphorus 4.7-23.3 kg/ha, and potassium 141-191 kg/ha. The SE slope, with high canopy cover and litter content, had relatively better soil characteristics as compared to the SW slope.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 26, 2012: 155-162
Some Species of Adiantum from the Shivapuri National Park, Central Nepal
Authors: Singh Sabina , Siwakoti Mohan
Published: January 2018

Four species of ferns belonging to genus Adiantum and family Adiantaceae were collected from Shivapuri National Park (ShNP). These were Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Adiantum caudatum L., Adiantum philippense L., and Adiantum raddianum C. Presl. Among these, Adiantum raddianum is reported for the first time from Central Nepal.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 26, 2012: 198-202
Assessment of Efficacy of Single-Dose Albendazole in Treatment of Intestinal Helminth Parasites in School-Children of Bhaktapur
Authors: Shrestha Raihan , Maharjan Mahendra
Published: January 2018

A total of 495 stool samples from the school children aged 9-12 years from Bhaktapur were examined for helminth parasites by direct smear method. Out of 495 children, 137 (27.68%) were found positive for one or more intestinal helminthic parasites. Ascaris lumbricoides (22.63%) showed highest prevalence rate followed by Trichuris trichiura (6.06%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.82%), Hookworm (1.62%), Taenia sp. (1.01%), Hymenolepis nana (0.81%) and Enterobius vermicularis (0.40%). The helminthic infection was found to be almost equal in male and female children and statistically no signifi cant difference was found (χ2 = 8.31×10-6, p>0.05). Higher percentages of students were infected with single parasites than double and multiple infections. All 137 positive cases were treated with single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. Post-treatment stool samples were collected four weeks after treatment to determine the cure rate. Stool samples were again collected 24 weeks post-treatment to study the rate of reinfection. The Cure Rates (CR) for A. lumbricoides was 61.82%, S. stercoralis was 66.67%, Taenia sp., Hookworm and E. vermicularis were 100%, T. trichiura was 44.83% and H. nana was 0.00%. The post treatment examination after 24 weeks showed that re-infection was present in A. lumbricoides (20.29%) and T. trichiura (7.69%) only. New infection was recorded for A. lumbricoides (21.74%), T. trichiura (4.72%), S. stercoralis (1.60%) and E. vermicularis (0.76%). The study showed albendazole was comparatively less effective against S. stercoralis, A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura which may be due to development of drug resistance at certain level which needs to be explored.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 93-101
Gastro-Intestinal Parasites of Red Panda (Ailurus Fulgens Fulgens Cuvier, 1825) in Rara National Park, Mugu, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Chandra Kajipan , Maharjan Mahendra
Published: January 2018

A total of 22 faecal samples of Red panda were collected in the month of May/June 2011 and 21 faecal samples from the same site during the month of May/June 2012. All the samples were microscopically examined by faecal floatation and sedimentation techniques. Out of 43 faecal samples, 40 samples (93.02%) were found positive for gastro-intestinal parasites. Altogether, 12 different species of gastro-intestinal parasites were recovered from Red panda. Among them, two species of protozoan parasites and 10 species of helminthes were observed. In protozoan parasites, Eimeria (67.44%) was more prevalent as compared to Entamoeba (62.79%). Among helminthes, Oxyuris sp. showed the highest prevalence rate followed by Toxoascaris sp. (48.84%), Hookworm (44.19%), Baylisascaris sp., Crenosoma sp. (34.88%), Strongyloides sp., Moniezia sp. (18.60%), Trichuris sp., etastrongylus sp. (4.65%) and Angiostrongylus sp. (2.33%). Only one species of cestoda i.e. Moniezia sp. was found but trematodes and acanthocephalans were not found in Red Panda of Rara National Park. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 78-90
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Of Asparagus Racemosus Willd. and Asparagus Curillus Buch.-Ham. Ex Roxb
Authors: Shrestha Rose , Shakya Astha , Shrestha Krishna Kumar
Published: January 2018

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin as main phytochemical compounds. Comparative antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of these two species has been evaluated using Kirby-Bauer Agar well diffusion method. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity on nine different strains of human pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalies, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. Among them A. racemosus has shown selected antimicrobial effects against B. subtilis, E. coli, E. faecalis, S. cerevisiae and C. albicans with zone of inhibition of 25 mm in an average. While A. curillus showed effects on S. cerevisiae and C. albicans only with zone of inhibition about12 mm.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 91-102
Editorial Vol.29
Authors: Shrestha Ramesh
Published: January 2018

Not available. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: Preliminary
Motor network recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord compression: a longitudinal study following decompression surgery
Authors: Ryan Kayla , Goncalves Sandy , Bartha Robert , Duggal Neil
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE

The authors used functional MRI to assess cortical reorganization of the motor network after chronic spinal cord compression and to characterize the plasticity that occurs following surgical intervention.

METHODS

A 3-T MRI scanner was used to acquire functional images of the brain in 22 patients with reversible cervical spinal cord compression and 10 control subjects. Controls performed a finger-tapping task on 3 different occasions (baseline, 6-week follow-up, and 6-month follow-up), whereas patients performed the identical task before surgery and again 6 weeks and 6 months after spinal decompression surgery.

RESULTS

After surgical intervention, an increased percentage blood oxygen level–dependent signal and volume of activation was observed within the contralateral and ipsilateral motor network. The volume of activation of the contralateral primary motor cortex was associated with functional measures both at baseline (r = 0.55, p < 0.01) and 6 months after surgery (r = 0.55, p < 0.01). The percentage blood oxygen level–dependent signal of the ipsilateral supplementary motor area 6 months after surgery was associated with increased function 6 months after surgery (r = 0.48, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Plasticity of the contralateral and ipsilateral motor network plays complementary roles in maintaining neurological function in patients with spinal cord compression and may be critical in the recovery phase following surgery.
On the Interpretation of the Fermi-GBM Transient Observed in Coincidence with LIGO Gravitational-wave Event GW150914
Authors: Connaughton V. , Burns E. , Goldstein A. , Blackburn L. , Briggs M. S. , Christensen N. , Hui C. M. , Kocevski D. , Littenberg T. , McEnery J. E. , Racusin J. , Shawhan P. , Veitch J. , Wilson-Hodge C. A. , Bhat P. N. , Bissaldi E. , Cleveland W. , Giles M. M. , Gibby M. H. , Kienlin A. von , Kippen R. M. , McBreen S. , Meegan C. A. , Paciesas W. S. , Preece R. D. , Roberts O. J. , Stanbro M. , Veres P.
Published: January 2018

The weak transient detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) 0.4 s after GW150914 has generated much speculation regarding its possible association with the black hole binary merger. Investigation of the GBM data by Connaughton et al. revealed a source location consistent with GW150914 and a spectrum consistent with a weak, short gamma-ray burst. Greiner et al. present an alternative technique for fitting background-limited data in the low-count regime, and call into question the spectral analysis and the significance of the detection of GW150914-GBM presented in Connaughton et al. The spectral analysis of Connaughton et al. is not subject to the limitations of the low-count regime noted by Greiner et al. We find Greiner et al. used an inconsistent source position and did not follow the steps taken in Connaughton et al. to mitigate the statistical shortcomings of their software when analyzing this weak event. We use the approach of Greiner et al. to verify that our original spectral analysis is not biased. The detection significance of GW150914-GBM is established empirically, with a false-alarm rate (FAR) of

Hz. A post-trials false-alarm probability (FAP) of

(

) of this transient being associated with GW150914 is based on the proximity in time to the gravitational-wave event of a transient with that FAR. The FAR and the FAP are unaffected by the spectral analysis that is the focus of Greiner et al.
Le collège du tiecar
Authors: Tijou Brigitte
Published: January 2018

Résumé hors les murs
Delphine Demelas, Sur un air épique, sur un air lyrique : célébrer le bon connétable. Édition critique et commentaires du manuscrit 428 (306) de la bibliothèque municipale d’Aix-en-Provence contenant La Chanson de Bertrand du Guesclin de Cuvelier suivie de pièces lyriques
Authors: Demelas Delphine
Published: January 2018

Le manuscrit Aix-en-Provence, bibliothèque municipale, 428 (306) contient deux ensembles de textes. Le premier, La Chanson de Bertrand du Guesclin, est un poème épique rimé retraçant la vie de Bertrand du Guesclin (1320-1380), modeste chevalier breton qui s’illustre lors de la première partie de la Guerre de Cent Ans et devient connétable de France. Cette biographie a été composée par un certain Cuvelier entre 1380 et 1385, peu après la mort du guerrier. Le second est un ensemble de sept pièces lyriques écrites en mémoire de Bertrand, dont certaines sont attribuées à Eustache Deschamps. La première œuvre, à la fois récit historique, épopée, éloge posthume, biographie et poème, tient une place de choix dans la production littéraire de l’époque, puisqu’elle est considérée comme étant la dernière chanson de geste à avoir été rédigée en français. Les poèmes à la gloire du connétable sont pleinement en adéquation avec le renouveau lyrique de la fin du Moyen Age. A travers ce travail, je souhaite faire découvrir ou redécouvrir ces textes mal connus. Dans trois volumes qui composent cette thèse sont fournis, avec la transcription de tous les textes originaux du manuscrit 428(306), la description des autres témoins, une étude littéraire incluant une analyse du contexte ainsi que de nouvelles informations sur l’auteur, une analyse linguistique du texte, des notes critiques, un glossaire, un index des noms propres, la liste des proverbes et une bibliographie sélective.
Comparative Study Between a Swarm Intelligence for Detection and Filtering of SPAM
Authors: Boudia Mohamed Amine , Rahmani Mohamed Elhadi , Rahmani Amine
Published: January 2018

This chapter is a comparative study between two bio-inspired approaches based on swarm intelligence for detection and filtering of SPAM: social bees vs. inspiration from the human renal. The authors took inspiration from biological model and use two meta-heuristics because the effects allow the authors to detect the characteristics of unwanted data. Messages are indexed and represented by the n-gram words and characters independent of languages (because a message can be received in any language). The results are promising and provide an important way to use this model for solving other problems in data mining. The authors start this paper with a short introduction where they show the importance of IT security. Then they give a little insight into the state of the art, before starting the essential part of a scientific paper, where they explain and experiment with two original meta-heuristics, and explain the natural model. Then they detail the artificial model.
Multi-Agents Machine Learning (MML) System for Plagiarism Detection
Authors: Bouarara Hadj Ahmed
Published: January 2018

Day after day the cases of plagiarism increase and become a crucial problem in the modern world caused by the quantity of textual information available in the web. As data mining becomes the foundation for many different domains, one of its chores is a text categorization that can be used in order to resolve the impediment of automatic plagiarism detection. This chapter is devoted to a new approach for combating plagiarism named MML (Multi-agents Machine Learning system) composed of three modules: data preparation and digitalization, using n-gram character or bag of words as methods for the text representation, TF*IDF as weighting to calculate the importance of each term in the corpus in order to transform each document to a vector, and learning and vote phase using three supervised learning algorithms (decision tree c4.5, naïve Bayes, and support vector machine).
“Everyone Will Be Connected”
Authors: Cilliers Liezel , Samarthya-Howard Ambika
Published: January 2018

Information and communication for development thinkers has come up with many plausible interventions that promise to improve the lives of underprivileged people in developing countries. The people that these interventions are meant for have not always benefited from these initiatives because they have limited ICT access due to its cost. There is therefore a need to improve universal access by enabling affordable access by the poor. This chapter, therefore, discusses free basics and how they can be used to improve affordable ICT access in order to facilitate ICT4D interventions in African countries. Since the use of free basics is not without controversy, a balanced analysis and an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of this initiative are provided. Social capital is used as the theoretical lens for evaluating the use of free basics for improving ICT access for those who cannot afford it. The chapter makes a case for the viability of using free basics through a discussion of case studies on how free basics have been used to empower underprivileged people, especially girls in Africa.
Agricultural Schemes in Namibia for Meeting Essential Needs
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Elungi Konis
Published: January 2018

Namibia has been striving to improve the rural poor quality of life through policies and schemes in line with the national development framework (Vision 2030). Sustained food production is one of the major initiatives, as it constitutes as basic livelihood activity but also augments rural income and livelihood. Apart from that, it is also a citizen's critical need. Though significant the schemes are, their contribution to household income and their role in improvement of livelihood is never taken up and exploration done. Adopting the DFID sustainable livelihood assessment framework, this chapter uses direct observations and primary data to present an assessment of the contribution of selected agricultural schemes.
Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Soft Computing
Authors: Kushwah Deepika Singh , Dubey Deepika
Published: January 2018

Wireless sensor networks are the evolutionary self-organizing multi-node networks. Due to dynamic network conditions and stochastically varying network environments, routing in WSNs is critically affected and needs to be optimized. The routing strategies developed for WSNs must be efficient to make it an operationally self-configurable network. For this we need to resort to near shortest path evaluation. Therefore, some soft computing approaches that can calculate the near shortest path available in an affordable computing time are required. WSNs have a high computational environment with limited and precise transmission range, processing, and limited energy sources. The sever power constraints strongly affect the existence of active nodes and hence the network lifetime. So, here, the authors use the power of soft computing because the potential features of soft-computing (SC) approach highly address their adaptability and compatibility to overwhelm the complex challenges in WSNs.
Study of Feature Apprehension Using Soft Computing Approaches
Authors: Dubey Deepika , Kushwah Deepika Singh , Dubey Deepanshu
Published: January 2018

An image may be mist full for the one or may be nostalgic for the other. But for a researcher, each image is distinguished on the basis of its low-level features like color, shape, size. Other features like edges, corner/interesting points, blobs/region of interest, ridges, etc. can also be used for computation purpose. Using these features distinctions, an image can be processed for the purpose of enhancing the images having same features, matching, and shortlisting of similar images from a random available image database. This could be done using soft computing techniques like neural networks, fuzzy logic, and evolutionary computation methods. Neural networks can participate effectively in image processing in several ways.
The Impact of Management and Leadership Roles in Building Competitive Healthcare Units
Authors: Rosiek-Kryszewska Aleksandra , Rosiek Anna
Published: January 2018

This chapter discusses the leadership features that support the creation of an innovative culture of the organization, with particular emphasis on the attributes that are essential to building a competitive advantage in the medical services market. According to the concept of new management, managers are the initiators of change and development within the healthcare facility where they work. They require professionalism and a high level of competence which allows them to create and implement creative management solutions. Thus, the influence of management and the role of the leader in building competitive health care units is undisputed. Due to the specific nature of health care facilities, the ability to build trust, as well as the clear and precise communication of plans and visions, is gaining importance, in addition to knowledge and experience.
Managed Healthcare
Authors: Rosiek Anna , Rosiek-Kryszewska Aleksandra
Published: January 2018

Satisfaction with life is very important for a doctor, as it affect his clinical practice. The aim of this chapter is to analyze doctor satisfaction with life, its influence on the communication process and the doctor's daily job activities. Data was collected from a group of 40 doctors from the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship surgical ward and the non-surgical division. The satisfaction with life depends on the gender of the doctor (p < 0.05). The life satisfaction results, remained statistically significant, based on the average correlation value to the communication process with the patients (p < 0.05). A higher level of life satisfaction was observed in the group of doctors from non-surgical wards.
Intestinal Epithelial Cell–Derived LKB1 Suppresses Colitogenic Microbiota
Authors: Liu Xia’nan , Lu Jinfeng , Liu Zhenshan , Zhao Junjie , Sun Hongxiang , Wu Ningbo , Liu Hongzhi , Liu Weiwei , Hu Zhuqin , Meng Guangxun , Shen Lei , Miller Aaron W. , Su Bing , Li Xiaoxia , Kang Zizhen
Published: January 2018

Dysregulation of the immune barrier function of the intestinal epithelium can often result in dysbiosis. In this study we report a novel role of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived liver kinase B1 (LKB1) in suppressing colitogenic microbiota. IEC-specific deletion of LKB1 (LKB1ΔIEC) resulted in an increased susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and a definitive shift in the composition of the microbial population in the mouse intestine. Importantly, transfer of the microbiota from LKB1ΔIEC mice was sufficient to confer increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis in wild-type recipient mice. Collectively, the data indicate that LKB1 deficiency in intestinal epithelial cells nurtures the outgrowth of colitogenic bacteria in the commensal community. In addition, LKB1 deficiency in the intestinal epithelium reduced the production of IL-18 and antimicrobial peptides in the colon. Administration of exogenous IL-18 restored the expression of antimicrobial peptides, corrected the outgrowth of several bacterial genera, and rescued the LKB1ΔIEC mice from increased sensitivity to DSS challenge. Taken together, our study reveals an important function of LKB1 in IECs for suppressing colitogenic microbiota by IL-18 expression.
Role Strain, Part 2: Perceptions Among Athletic Trainers Employed in the Professional Practice Setting
Authors: Romero Manuel G. , Pitney William A. , Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Brumels Kirk
Published: January 2018

Context: 

Athletic trainers (ATs) employed in the professional sport setting (ATPSSs) demonstrate moderate to high degrees of role strain. The experiences and perceptions of these ATs provide insight regarding the sources of role strain as well as ways to reduce it.

Objective: 

To investigate the perceptions of ATPSSs regarding role strain.

Design: 

Qualitative study.

Patients or Other Participants: 

From a purposeful sampling of 389 ATs employed in the 5 major sport leagues (Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, National Basketball Association, National Football League, and National Hockey League), we identified 34 participants willing to participate in phone interviews.

Data Collection and Procedures: 

Semistructured phone interviews. Inductive data analysis was based on a grounded theory approach. Credibility was addressed with member checks and a peer debriefing.

Results: 

Three first-order emergent themes materialized from the data: (1) sources of role strain, (2) consequences of role strain, and (3) strategies to alleviate role strain in ATPSSs. Participants described the antecedents of role strain as emerging from the competing expectations of the professional athlete, the organization, and the sport league. Consequences of role strain included effects on direct patient care and work-life imbalance. Improving organizational factors such as inadequate staffing and poor communication within the organization were strategies described by participants for decreasing role strain in the professional sports setting.

Conclusions: 

Our participants discussed experiencing role strain, which was facilitated by trying to meet the competing demands placed on them with limited time and often with an inadequate support staff. Participant role strain affected health care and contributed to work-life imbalance. Participants described changing the organizational factors that contributed to role strain as a strategy to alleviate the perceived stress.
A parameterization of the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 for mass-based aerosol models: improvement of particulate nitrate prediction
Authors: Chen Ying , Wolke Ralf , Ran Liang , Birmili Wolfram , Spindler Gerald , Schröder Wolfram , Su Hang , Cheng Yafang , Tegen Ina , Wiedensohler Alfred
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 on the surface of deliquescent aerosol leads to HNO3 formation and acts as a major sink of NOx in the atmosphere during night-time. The reaction constant of this heterogeneous hydrolysis is determined by temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), aerosol particle composition, and the surface area concentration (S). However, these parameters were not comprehensively considered in the parameterization of the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5 in previous mass-based 3-D aerosol modelling studies. In this investigation, we propose a sophisticated parameterization (NewN2O5) of N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis with respect to T, RH, aerosol particle compositions, and S based on laboratory experiments. We evaluated closure between NewN2O5 and a state-of-the-art parameterization based on a sectional aerosol treatment. The comparison showed a good linear relationship (R =  0.91) between these two parameterizations. NewN2O5 was incorporated into a 3-D fully online coupled model, COSMO–MUSCAT, with the mass-based aerosol treatment. As a case study, we used the data from the HOPE Melpitz campaign (10–25 September 2013) to validate model performance. Here, we investigated the improvement of nitrate prediction over western and central Europe. The modelled particulate nitrate mass concentrations ([NO3−]) were validated by filter measurements over Germany (Neuglobsow, Schmücke, Zingst, and Melpitz). The modelled [NO3−] was significantly overestimated for this period by a factor of 5–19, with the corrected NH3 emissions (reduced by 50 %) and the original parameterization of N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis. The NewN2O5 significantly reduces the overestimation of [NO3−] by  ∼  35 %. Particularly, the overestimation factor was reduced to approximately 1.4 in our case study (12, 17–18 and 25 September 2013) when [NO3−] was dominated by local chemical formations. In our case, the suppression of organic coating was negligible over western and central Europe, with an influence on [NO3−] of less than 2 % on average and 20 % at the most significant moment. To obtain a significant impact of the organic coating effect, N2O5, SOA, and NH3 need to be present when RH is high and T is low. However, those conditions were rarely fulfilled simultaneously over western and central Europe. Hence, the organic coating effect on the reaction probability of N2O5 may not be as significant as expected over western and central Europe.
OS OBJETIVOS DE PRATICANTES DE MUSCULAÇÃO EM ACADEMIAS DE GINÁSTICA DA CIDADE DE INHUMAS-GO
Authors: Viana Ricardo Borges , Moreira de Morais André Luiz , Barbosa de Lira Claudio Andre
Published: January 2018

Objetivo - Identificar os objetivos dos praticantes de musculação em academias de ginástica da cidade de Inhumas (GO). Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo descritiva com uma amostra de 150 indivíduos, 50 frequentadores de uma Academia de Grande Porte (AGP), 50 de uma Academia de Médio Porte (AMP) e 50 de uma Academia de Pequeno Porte (APP). Resultados: Mais da metade dos indivíduos participantes do estudo, independente do porte da academia, possuía como principal objetivo a busca pela saúde, 66% na AGP, 60% na AMP e 62% na APP. Conclusões: O principal objetivo dos praticantes de musculação em academias de ginástica da cidade de Inhumas-GO foi a busca por uma melhoria na saúde.
OS MEGAEVENTOS ESPORTIVOS NA AGENDA DAS POLÍTICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Millen Neto Alvaro Rego , De Lacerda Abrahão Bruno Otávio , Moura Diego Luz
Published: January 2018

O artigo tematiza os megaeventos esportivos sediados no Brasil durante as duas primeiras décadas do século XXI e discute a problemática da espetacularização. Tem como objetivo analisar os discursos da Secretaria de Estado de Esporte e Lazer do Rio de Janeiro (SEEL-RJ) que tangenciam esses megaeventos e verificar possíveis implicações para a dinâmica curricular da Educação Física na Secretaria de Estado de Educação do Rio de Janeiro (SEEDUC-RJ). As fontes utilizadas na pesquisa são publicações eletrônicas disponibilizadas no site da SEEL. Os dados indicam que os discursos da SEEL têm destacado o que seria uma demanda extraordinária para a Educação Física na SEEDUC. Essa demanda teria como objetivo a potencialização de projetos que apontam para a formação de uma elite esportiva no estado.Palavras-chave: Megaeventos. Esporte. Espetáculo. Educação Física.
O CONCEITO DE SAÚDE E DE HÁBITOS SAUDÁVEIS NA ESCOLA
Authors: Silva Jordana Sousa , Mendonça Weslene Freitas , Ayres da Gama Bastos Letícia Lemos , Leite Sabrina Toffoli
Published: January 2018

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o nível de entendimento de escolares do 1ª ano do Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres, com idades entre 14 à 19 anos acerca do conceito de saúde e de hábitos saudáveis. Participaram desta pesquisa 215 escolares, avaliados por um questionário subjetivo que foi elaborado composto por 16 perguntas. Dentre os 215 adolescentes avaliados, 53% avaliam sua saúde como boa e revelaram não possuir nenhum tipo de doença. Para 69% dos alunos, saúde significa estar bem, enquanto para 31% é estar bem física e mentalmente. Com relação ao que reflete negativamente na saúde, 41% dos escolares citaram a má alimentação e a falta de exercícios físicos. Em contrapartida, o que reflete na melhora da saúde, 26% dos escolares ressaltaram ter uma boa alimentação e praticar exercícios físicos. A prática regular de exercícios físicos em prol da saúde foi referido por 26% dos participantes. Além disso, 28% responderam que praticar esportes contribui para a melhorada saúde e 17% associam a boa alimentação com a prática de exercícios para a melhora da saúde. Ainda, 30% responderam não se alimentar corretamente e não praticar nenhum tipo de exercício físico. Quanto aos seus familiares, 33% disseram que estes cuidam da saúde de forma adequada. Conclui-se que, em geral, os adolescentes avaliados entendem o conceito de saúde e o que o mesmo representa, afirmando o bem-estar físico e mental.
Pseudocercospora lysidices sp. nov. on Lysidice rhodostegia from China
Authors: Zhai Fengyan , Guo Yinglan , Liu Yingjie , Li Honglian
Published: January 2018

Pseudocercospora lysidices on Lysidice rhodostegia (Fabaceae subfam. Caesalpinioideae) is introduced as a new species, based on Chinese specimens previously misidentified as "Pseudocercospora lathyri." The new species is described, illustrated,
and compared with other Pseudocercospora species on caesalpiniaceous hosts. The specimens examined are deposited in the Herbarium of the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (HMAS).
DINAMIZAÇÃO DA INOVAÇÃO DE MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS: FUNDAMENTOS TEÓRICOS SOBRE OS IMPACTOS DO CAPITAL DE RELACIONAMENTO
Authors: Silveira Marco Antonio , Garrido Giovanna
Published: January 2018

Este estudo tem como motivação central o apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPE) no que tange à inovação, para que elas possam desenvolver vantagens competitivas sustentáveis frente aos desafios dos mercados atuais. Sabendo que o processo inovativo deste segmento tem maior dependência da articulação e integração com outras organizações do ecossistema, dinamizar a inovação envolve a dinamização do ecossistema. Assim, tem-se como objetivo contribuir com fundamentações teóricas para a dinamização da inovação em MPE por meio de estratégias de relacionamento cooperativo. Tal fundamentação enfatiza o capital intelectual como um fator de produção que pode proporcionar os meios necessários para o alcance de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. Em síntese, considera-se que dinamizar a inovação em MPE inclui a articulação de recursos intangíveis que contemplem, sobretudo, o fator humano. Afinal, dele provém o potencial parar gerar, transmitir e aplicar o conhecimento, o principal subsídio da prática inovadora. Assim, teorizando elementos de relevância para os estudos de C&T e para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país, o estudo provê fundamentos teóricos que contextualizam, propiciam e sustentam a dinamização da inovação das MPE, servindo de subsídio conceitual para pesquisas empíricas e projetos em apoio à inovação do segmento.
INOVAÇÃO EM SERVIÇOS: O USO DA TECNOLOGIA TABLETS EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR GASTRONÔMICO
Authors: Marques Gabriella Archinto , Costa Karem Kellem , Pereira Laís Vertedor , Coutinho Maria Fernanda Fazia , Franklin Marcos Antonio , Orrego Roxana Maria Martinez
Published: January 2018

Este artigo procura entender como ocorre o uso da tecnologia tablets em empresas do setor gastronômico. Para tanto se elaborou o seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais as implicações que o uso dos tablets em empresas do setor gastronômico podem causar na solicitação dos pedidos? O estudo foi realizado em três estabelecimentos do setor gastronômico em São Paulo e, optou-se pelo tipo de pesquisa descritiva com método qualitativo. Para o levantamento de dados, foram realizadas doze entrevistas com base em um roteiro semiestruturado. As análises das entrevistas foram feitas por meio da análise de conteúdo segundo Flores (1994), com o auxílio da ferramenta QSR NVivo 10. Os resultados demonstraram que a utilização dos tablets no processo de solicitação dos pedidos influencia na qualidade da prestação de serviços, porém para que esses resultados sejam efetivos depende do planejamento e forma de implantação nos estabelecimentos.
Zmeny vybraných ukazovateľov motorickej a hernej výkonnosti elitných mladých futbalistov vplyvom herného tréningu
Authors: Peráček Pavol , Záhorský Jozef
Published: January 2018

Research is oriented on the issue of sports training of young elite soccer players. It was a dvojskupinový, a parallel educational experiment in the natural conditions of the training process. We are exploring the impact of the experimental agent on the dynamics of the game changes the performance of the young elite footballers. The experimental factor in our pedagogical experiment was the content of the training process, accentuating specific training initiatives during the annual training cycle. In its conception, we are based on the premise that specific training stimuli can induce specific adaptation. The results obtained were analysed and compared with the results of the file we experimental players players the checkpoint file. We have reached the conclusion that the training program of the experimental training suggestions as a starting point the changes specific to accentuating the file of the game performance is a complex operation, whose nature as a requirement of the game stems from the nature of the training load. Training program had a statistically significant influence on changes to file experimental performances, the players in the field of special motor performance, to file the experimental gamers the checkpoint file, but also to change the gaming performance, which manifested itself in a higher efficiency of the gaming activities in the scheduled matches (IHV) and at the location of the cooperative in the contest (HVD).
Reaktivní agilita před a po sportovně-specifickém rozcvičení u hráčů stolního tenisu
Authors: Vacenovský Pavel , Vencúrik Tomáš , Sebera Martin
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to determine and compare the reactive agility league players and players of regional competitions and its changes due to sport-specific warm-up. The research sample consisted of 43 players, who were divided into two groups. First group consisted of 22 players from teams playing in the national league competitions (24.3 ± 5.6 years, body height 179.4 ± 8 cm, body weight 74.8 ± 10.4 kg), the second group of 21 players playing lower regional competitions (26.7 ± 5.64 years, body height 180.2 ± 7.7 cm, body weight 77.8 ± 10.5 kg). We used Fitro agility test modified for table tennis before and after warm-up. For data analysis was used two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. When comparing reactive agility, we found significant difference before and after the sport-specific warm-up for group of league players (885.94 ± 122.69 ms before the warm-up, 842.80 ± 119.48 ms after the warm-up, an improvement of 4.87 %, p <0.0004) and also for the group of players from lower competitions (932.96 ± 114.78ms before the warm-up, 871.90 ± 119.68 ms after the warm-up, an improvement of 6.54 %, p < 0.0002). Although league players achieved better results, the difference between the groups was found not significant. The nonsignificant statistic values for interaction indicates, that league players did not respond to the sport-specific warm-up differently than players from lower competitions. Sport-specific warm-up is important for improving the reactive agility and therefore should not be underestimated.
Pohybové aktivity studentů VŠB-TU Ostrava v kontextu sedavé společnosti
Authors: Sekot Aleš , Durdová Irena , Pětivlas Tomáš , Kračmarová Jiřina
Published: January 2018

Our cultural sphere is characterized by decreasing the importance of physical activity in the context of sedentary lifestyle. It results in increasing the importance of regular sports and physical activities as an integral part of the active responsible approach to life that supports good health and the overall physical and mental condition of the individual. A major contribution to this field is to promote physical activities at all levels of our educational system, including the university environment. Based on the evaluation of the public inquiry, the Department of Physical Education and Sport at VŠB – Technical University in Ostrava seeks to increase the attractiveness of the offer of sports activities for its students.
Hodnocení inkluzivních jednotek žáků se specifickými vzdělávacími potřebami do hodin běžné tělesné výchovy
Authors: Sklenaříková Jana , Bartoňová Radka , Skotáková Alena , Brázdová Lýdie
Published: January 2018

Inclusion is described as the culmination of the integration process when conditions are created so that it can integrate individuals with special educational needs in intact population. The aim of the research was to determine how works inclusion of children with health disabilities in physical education classes in the Czech Republic at the various schools. It was performed research based on the range of DIC-CIT (Válková, Bartoňová & Ahmetaševič, 2012) which outlined the activities of students with disabilities in inclusive class. Results scaling by using CIT-DIC revealed time characteristics of the actual integration of students into physical education, into parallel activities and teacher’s assistants activities. From the results of our research is clear that in selected schools with inclusion in physical education receives at a high level.
Duální kariéra ve sportu a nutnost její institucionalizace v České republice
Authors: Nová Jana
Published: January 2018

The paper on the base of a content analysis of European documents and manuals in the field of dual career in the sport deals with the evaluation of their implementation in the context of the Czech Republic. The analysis is complemented by own investigation among elite athletes and their coaches using the online questionnaire. Conclusions form the qualitative analysis are then used to formulate proposals to support training and subsequent transition of elite athletes to the labour market using the theory of institutionalization.
Co je nového ve světě sportovní výživy
Authors: Kumstát Michal
Published: January 2018

Sport nutrition is progressively increasing scientific discipline being an important part of the field of sports medicine. Competition and training nutrition strategies that focus on sufficient macronutrient intake and ergogenic aids to promote energy availability and delay determinants of fatigue are currently based on sound scientific evidence. The aim of the review is to analyze the guidelines for exercise and sport nutrition published by the American College of Sport Nutrition (ACSM) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in the period before and after 2010. Energy availability (EA), relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S), carbohydrate feeding during exercise (such as a mouth rinse and multitransportable carbohydrate feeding during long term exercise) and eventually “trainlow, compete high“ nutrition strategy intentionally manipulating with carbohydrate availability have been identified as novel and innovative. Sport nutrition recommendations issued by well-respected scientific authorities are currently revised according to the above mentioned topics and are now well accepted even by athletes.
Event-related synchronization/desynchronization in terms of manual motor program switching in men
Authors: Korzhyk Olha , Pavlovych Olha , Shvarts Lyudmyla , Shevchuk Tetyana , Dmytrotsa Olena , Poruchynskiy Andriy , Morenko Alevtyna
Published: January 2018

The scientific community is paying increasing attention to the characteristics of brain processes providing switch of manual motor programs. Thirty-two right-handed men aged 18–23 years participated in the experiment. The EEG registration was performed according to the international system 10/20, with closed eyes during manual reactions in the Go-Stop-Change paradigm. In the case of a low tone (70%), men had to press the left button of the console (go-response) with the right index finger. A high tone (30%) required rapid pressing of the right button (stop-change-response) with the middle finger. Event-related desynchronization and synchronization of the spectral power of the EEG frequency (6 Hz to 23 Hz) were estimated in the Matlab environment. Significant ERS response is established at the frequency of 6 Hz in symmetrical frontal, central and parietal parts, at 9 Hz – in the left parietal area, at 14–15 Hz – in frontal, central, and parietal areas of the right cortex, and at the frequency of 22 Hz – in the right frontal lobe. However, EEG desynchronization is recorded at the frequency of 7–8 Hz in the frontal and central areas of both hemispheres. The most sensitive to the manual movement stop followed by switching to an alternative event is associated with synchronization of electrical cortical activity, which showed higher values of the spectral power at the frequency of 6 Hz and 14–15 Hz in frontal and central allocations, and was lower at the frequency of 16–17 Hz in both parietal lobes than that during the Go-response.