bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of sanguaza from Ancon market using air micro-nanobubbles at laboratory scale
Authors: Ventura Stefany , Valverde Flores Jhonny
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the present investigation is to reduce the concentrations of the physical and chemical parameters of the waters of Sanguaza, coming from the fish stations that are in the market of Ancón; taking two sampling points, Physical parameters were found (Turbidity and Temperature) and Chemical parameters (pH, COD and BOD5); 5 repetitions were made, with different concentrations of samples, the most outstanding being Repetition No. 4, where efficiency percentages were obtained at 60 minutes of the average turbidity of 79.61%, of BOD5 in 69.68% and of COD in 69.24 %. A p.H. neutral working at an ambient temperature of 20.15 °C. Concluding thus, that the air micro-nanobubbles manage to reduce in an effective way the concentrations of the parameters of the waters of sanguaza.
Reduction of hospital wastewater through ozone-air micro-nanobubbles
Authors: Menendez Deessiree , Valverde Flores Jhonny
Published: October 2018

The reduction of the organic matter concentration of hospital wastewater is expressed in BOD5 and COD. The treatment was developed using a micro-nanobubble generator with continuous system. Micro-nanobubbles of 0.024μm average diameter were obtained. For the treatment, two samples were taken; Sample 1 (at 8:00 a.m.) and show 2 (at 11:00 a.m.). After applying the treatment with ozone-air micro-nanobubbles, it was possible to reduce the initial concentrations of sample 1: BOD5 from 132mg/L to 14mg/L, COD from 374mg/L to 30mg/L and from sample 2: BOD5 from 127mg/L to 21mg/L and COD from 297mg/L to 36mg/L. The efficiency obtained at 15 minutes of sample 1 of BOD5 was 90.2% and of COD was 92.51% and of sample 2 of BOD5 was 83.5% and of COD was 87.9%.
Application of silver nanoparticles synthetized by electrolysis for the reduction of Escherichia coli from seawater at laboratory level
Authors: Abanto Jocaved , Valverde Flores Jhonny
Published: October 2018

The present research consists of reducing the amount of Escherichia coli (E.coli) bacteria present in seawater with the application of silver nanoparticles synthesized by electrolysis at the laboratory level. The methodology used is the electrolytic method since it allows us to synthesize the nanoparticles in a very simple and practical way. In addition to this, they are effective as antibacterial. The process was carried out with two silver electrodes introduced in an electrolytic cell, where one electrode goes through the oxidation process and the other reduction, this process was done in sea guides. The result obtained was 140 CFU/100 mL at 1.8 CFU/100 mL of E.coli representing a 99% decrease, allowing to determine that this process was effective for the reduction of the bacterium E.coli in sea water.
Gendered Inequalities in the Informal Economy in Masvingo Urban of Zimbabwe
Authors: Kurebwa Jeffrey
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on the gendered inequalities in the informal economy of Zimbabwe with specific reference to Masvingo urban in Zimbabwe. The informal economy in Zimbabwe is made up of unregistered and unrecorded statistics and therefore is not registered, supported or regulated by the Government. Women trading in the informal economy have little or no access to organised markets, credit institutions, formal education and training institutions, public services and amenities. Qualitative research methodology was used for the research. A case study research of Masvingo urban in Zimbabwe was used, while data was collected using key informant interviews, semi-structured interviews, observations and documentary search. The findings of the study indicates that women in the informal economy are affected by environmental, political, economic, social and personal constraints. Women are concentrated in this sector due to the value system in the society; fewer skills required for the jobs in this sector, technological advancement, and the traditional roles assigned to them. The study concludes that gender-sensitive macro-economic policies are an important enabler to address gender inequalities in the informal economy as they shape the economic environment for women’s empowerment. The study recommends that local authorities should come up gender-responsive policies to enable women to operate in an environment that has decent infrastructure for vending, free from police and sexual harassment and adequate security.
Oil and Gas Production and the Growth of Ghana’s Economy: An Initial Assessment
Authors: Acquah-Andoh Elijah
Published: October 2018

Oil and gas resources present enormous opportunities for the economic development of low income economies, but poor management of these resources can result in dire consequences for the foundations of the resource-endowed nation. The discovery of oil and gas in Ghana is as significant as the policies and measures to ensure optimum benefits to the nation. This paper evaluates the sustainability of petroleum production in the light of the medium term policy structure, the Ghana Shared Growth and Development Agenda (GSGDA). In particular, the economic contribution of oil and gas to Ghana’s GDP and sustainable investment options for petroleum revenues were examined using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The evidence suggests that at current production levels, petroleum is not a significant contributor to Ghana’s GDP after adjusting for the contribution from other sectors of the economy. The consistent appreciation of Ghana’s real effective exchange rate between 2010 and 2013 led to a deterioration of the competitiveness of the non-oil sector and declining contribution of the agricultural sector to GDP; and further eroded the net impact of petroleum production. Investing petroleum proceeds in the non-oil sector and expansion of the export base are a viable option for utilising petroleum revenues.
Understanding surface states of topological insulators
Authors: Pankratov O A
Published: October 2018

Topological electron states were theoretically predicted by B A Volkov and O A Pankratov in 1985 as interface states in an inverted contact between IV–VI semiconductors with their bands mutually inverted. As became clear later, the ‘inverted’ SnTe semiconductor is a topological insulator, and the inverted contact is an example of a topologically nontrivial interface. This paper discusses the key results of Volkov and Pankratov’s 1985 work and examines the usefulness of the inverted contact model for explaining the close link between the topologically nontrivial bulk band structure and topological surface states. An advantage of the model for getting a deeper insight into this link is that it allows an analytical solution. An inhomogeneous semiconductor structure is described by an effective Dirac Hamiltonian, which was obtained analytically from a tight binding model for the band structure of IV–VI materials. This allows one to trace the relation between topological surface states and bands in the bulk. As a result, the spin texture of a topological state can be expressed explicitly in terms of the bulk characteristics. It turns out that the spin texture can be controlled by varying the surface band bending. Given the nontrivial spin polarization on the surface, it is interesting to take a look at the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida. (RKKY) interaction between magnetic adatoms, which can serve to probe the spin distribution locally. This interaction shows a much more complex structure than the common RKKY coupling in a nonpolarized Fermi gas. The analytical theory provides an explicit relation between the RKKY interaction on the surface of a topological insulator and the parameters of the bulk spectrum.
Ultrafast spin dynamics and inverse spin Hall effect in nanostructures with giant spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Zvezdin A K , Davydova M D , Zvezdin K A
Published: October 2018

The features of ultrafast spin dynamics excitation using high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses in magnetic materials are reviewed. Key mechanisms of a pump pulse action on the spin system of a magnetic material are discussed, including the inverse Faraday effect in yttrium-iron garnet; induced magnetic anisotropy in the thulium orthoferrite, and the thermal driving of a magnetic system out of equilibrium in the case of the metallic ferrimagnet GdFeCo, which is a promising material for magnetic memory and terahertz spintronics. It was shown that, apart from using conventional magneto-optical methods for probing the magnetization dynamics in magnetic heterostructures, the inverse spin Hall effect can also be used, an approach that potentially enables the development of memory elements in which the ultrafast optical control of magnetization is combined with electrical detection.
Equilibrium shape of 4He crystal surfaces near critical orientations
Authors: Andreev A F , Melnikovsky L A
Published: October 2018

Conditions for applying mean field theory to the thermodynamics of the 4He crystal surface are determined. Although the faceting transition itself is of the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless type, the thermodynamic potential outside a narrow neighborhood of the transition temperature can be expanded in the spirit of the Landau theory of second-order phase transitions. A Ginzburg–Levanyuk parameter is found. The singular behavior of the surface stiffness near critical directions observed for essentially noncritical temperatures is explained.
Nonequilibrium kinetics of the electron–phonon subsystem can give rise to electric- and magnetic-plasticity effects in crystals in alternating electric and/or magnetic fields
Authors: Karas’ V I , Sokolenko V I
Published: October 2018

Kinetic processes in magnetic crystals in an alternating magnetic field and/or a pulsed electric field are studied theoretically, experimentally, and numerically to establish the prime mechanisms by which they influence the structure and the mechanical, dissipative, and magnetic characteristics of crystals. The specific materials studied are severly strained ferritic pearlite steel 15Kh2NMFA and nickel. The paper presents a systematic kinetic analysis of the nonequilibrium dynamics of the electron–phonon subsystem of a magnetic crystal in an electric field. Our proposed method that underlies the analysis solves the system of Boltzmann equations for the electron and phonon distribution functions numerically without expanding the electron distribution function in a power series of the phonon energy. It is shown that an electronic subsystem excited by an electric field transfers energy to the phonon subsystem and thereby massively produces short-wave phonons which act strongly on lattice defects (such as point and linear ones and phase boundaries) and thus redistribute and decrease their density, as well as providing damage healing, decreasing local peak stresses, and reducing the degradation level of construction materials properties. It is found that, under the action of an induction electric field, the electron distribution function becomes nonequilibrium near the Fermi level energy and, as a result of electron–phonon collisions, transfers significant energy to the phonon subsystem, resulting in forming a nonequilibrium phonon distribution function. Based on modified Granato–Lücke and Landau–Gofman models, it is shown, using the calculated phonon distribution function, that the action of phonons on dislocations is much stronger than it would be in the case of thermodynamic equilibrium at the experimentally measured sample heating by 12 K.
INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS IN THE ERA OF TARGET DRUGS
Authors: Pagano Livio , Facchinelli Davide
Published: October 2018

This review summarizes the more recent evidence about epidemiology and risk factors for invasive fungal infections (IFI) in patients affected by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), indolent Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (iNHL) and Multiple Myeloma (MM).

Despite advances in the prognosis and treatment of hematological malignancies in recent years, susceptibility to infection remains a significant challenge to patient care. A large amount of data regarding patients with acute leukemia has been published while little information is available on the incidence of IFI in chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD).

New drugs are now available for treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders which may cause suppression of humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and deficiency of white blood cells, increasing the risk for infections which remain the leading cause of mortality in these patients.
The carry-over effect of an aquatic-based intervention in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Ballington Samantha J. , Naidoo Rowena
Published: October 2018

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disability in childhood. Children with CP are more likely to have lower levels of physical activity than their peers, which has negative implications for their health. However, aquatic exercise can be used to improve levels of fitness among children with CP.Objective: To determine the carry-over effect of an aquatic-based programme (postural control and balance) on land (walking, running and jumping) in children with CP, post aquatic intervention.Method: The study used a pretest-post-test, randomised group, cross-over design. Children aged 8–12 years (n = 10) were divided into intervention (n = 5) and control (n = 5) groups. The intervention group participated in two 30-min sessions a week, while the control group continued with normal activities. Pre- and post-intervention testing was conducted using gross motor function measurement. The 10-point programme of the Halliwick Concept was used.Results: Results demonstrated that the aquatic therapy had a significant effect on gross motor function scores. The aquatic programme-based group showed increased motor function following the intervention, compared to the control group (z = -2.803, p = 0.005). Furthermore, the aquatic-based therapy improved the average score for gross motor function measurement, post-intervention.Conclusion: Together with conventional modes of therapy, aquatic-based programmes should be integrated and considered as an essential, ongoing mode of treatment for children with CP, in order to ensure long-term gross motor function improvements.
Die vraag na Bybelse gronde vir die onderskeiding Bearbeidingswyse tussen die heidensending en die arbeid onder buitekerklikes - enkele Nuwe Testamentiese riglyne
Authors: Van Aarde A.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Boekbespreking
Authors: Beukes M.J. Du P. , Dreyer P.S. , Loader J.A. , Van der Westhuizen H.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Housing challenge and urban regeneration: A contribution of faith-based action with special reference to a case study from the City of Tshwane
Authors: Ntakirutimana Ezekiel
Published: October 2018

The main objective of this article is to describe a problem portrayed into critical human conditions in urban margins characterised by the deprivation of most basic human needs, housing in particular. This is undertaken in search of alternative ways that promote a bigger plan of urban regeneration while exploring whether faith-based action makes a special contribution to this goal, both sustainably and innovatively. The article uses a case study of faith-based action from the City of Tshwane in Gauteng province, South Africa. It first begins with constructing an untoward paradoxical narrative of urban marginalisation and housing crisis scenario. It proceeds, responding to marginalisation in light of values of spatial justice and housing. This insight leads the article to sketch a paradigmatic point of departure addressing urban margins, looking at the sustainable livelihoods framework and its basic tenets that mobilise livelihood assets (tangible and intangible) to tackle urban marginalisation from its roots. The article moves on to explore a contribution of faith-based action in urban regeneration through housing value. The penultimate point of the article engages the case study followed by drawing the general conclusion and way forward. The article adds to the existing literature, employing an epistemological approach that integrates multidisciplinary sources and empirical reports on urban marginalisation. Unstructured interviews, participatory observations and personal experience on housing practice help to achieve the main objective of the study.
The composition of reformed church orders: A theological, reformed and juridical perspective
Authors: Van den Broeke Leon
Published: October 2018

Many reformed church orders, which reflect the Dort Church Order of 1619, albeit revised, still apply its subdivision into these four chapters: firstly, offices (dienste); secondly, general assemblies (samekomste); thirdly, doctrine, sacraments and other ceremonies (leer, sakramente en seremonies); and fourthly, church discipline (kerklike tug). This article focuses on the composition of church orders. The research question is the following: How are reformed church orders composed and what it the ecclesiological or juridical rationale behind this composition? This article contains paragraphs on the composition and the ecclesiological legitimisation of the Dort Church Order of 1619 and its predecessors, the reformed churches in the East-Indies (Batavia), the Algemeen Reglement of 1816, the Reformed Church Order of 1951, the church order of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands of 2004, and the major shift from the perspective of canon law to reformed church polity. Reformed church orders contain both doctrinal and disciplinary regulations in relation to three notae ecclesiae of a reformed church. However, there is more at issue than the theological nature of the composition of the Dort Church Order and its successors, namely their relation to the Institutes of Justinian.
Acquiring mathematics as a second language: A theoretical model to illustrate similarities in the acquisition of English as a second language and mathematics
Authors: Ledibane Maureen , Kaiser Kotie , Van der Walt Marthie
Published: October 2018

Mathematics has been defined by researchers as a ‘second or third language’ and, as a result, it should be taught as a second language. Results of the literature reviewed from the theories on the teaching of mathematics and English as a second language, as well as on mathematics learning and English as a second language acquisition, have resulted in the emergence of four themes, which are similar to the ones on the teaching and learning of both mathematics and English as a second language; these are: comprehensible input, language processing and interaction, output, and feedback. In this article, the themes are illustrated in a theoretical model and discussed to show how English as a second language and mathematics can be acquired simultaneously. (English as a second language in the South African context is referred to as English as a first additional language.)
How efficient is the Johannesburg Stock Exchange really?
Authors: Heymans André , Santana Leonard
Published: October 2018

Background: There are various studies that confirm the efficiency of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), implying that there are no opportunities for active portfolio managers to earn excess returns over the long run.Aim: The aim of the research is to prove that the sub-indices on the JSE go through cycles of efficiency and inefficiency even though the JSE as a whole might be considered informationally efficient.Setting: Although the JSE as a whole can be considered to be weak-form efficient, portfolio managers are not bound to investing in large liquid stocks alone. Many aggressive funds allow managers to also allocate a portion of their portfolio to smaller stocks. This has implications when considering the efficiency of the stocks being selected.Methods: Given the impact efficiency has on portfolio selection, we test for the adaptive market hypothesis using a representative sample of stock indices by means of the automatic variance ratio test, the Chow–Denning joint variance ratio and the joint sign test on the JSE.Results: Our results confirm that some of the smaller, and in some instances younger, indices are not always as efficient as the all share index, thus allowing portfolio managers with an active management approach some opportunities to profit from informational inefficiencies in the market.Conclusion: The practice of active management by portfolio managers in the South African market seems to defy logic if one considers the fact that the JSE as a whole is at the very least weak-form efficient. By proving that some of the sub-indices that make up the all share index are inefficient most of the time, this article shows that the phenomenon of active portfolio managers is less of a surprise.
The experienced impact of systems psychodynamic leadership coaching amongst professionals in a financial services organisation
Authors: Cilliers Frans
Published: October 2018

Background: Systems psychodynamic leadership coaching is a depth psychology perspective that provides opportunities for coachees to explore their leadership identity as it manifests in their conscious and unconscious role behaviour.Aim: The research aim was to explore the experienced impact of systems psychodynamic leadership coaching amongst professionals in a financial services organisation, and to report on how this impact can be understood in the context of the literature guidelines on coaching and leadership effectiveness.Setting: The research was undertaken in a large South African financial services organisation where individual leadership coaching forms part of the leadership development programme (LDP).Methods: The research was qualitative, explorative and descriptive in nature. A multi-case approach was used. Sampling was convenient and opportunistic and comprised of 15 charted accountants who attended six 90-min coaching sessions over 12 weeks. Data gathering comprised field notes and coachee essays during and after coaching. Hermeneutic phenomenology was used as the interpretive stance.Results: Anxiety, task, role, boundaries, authorisation and identity manifested as themes. Coachees explored how their leadership identity was informed by their anxiety and defence mechanisms, how they took up their leadership role, authorised themselves and their colleagues, and managed their boundaries effectively. Compared to the general guidelines for leadership coaching effectiveness and the general indicators for effective leadership, systems psychodynamic leadership coaching seems to add value to leadership effectiveness.Conclusion: Professionals in this financial services organisation experienced systems psychodynamic leadership coaching as demanding, challenging and yet fulfilling towards the exploration of their leadership identity. It seems that systems psychodynamics, as coaching stance, created a safe and good-enough container for these financial professionals to explore their own unconscious leadership behaviour and to gain a significant level of understanding and awareness of their own anxiety and defensive behaviours in their interaction with followers.
A case of a drug reaction to sulfasalazine in a patient infected with HIV
Authors: Swart Leanne , Schapkaitz Elise , Baiden Anima
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The diagnosis of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients on multiple drugs with concomitant disorders presents a diagnostic challenge.Patient presentation: We describe a case of a drug reaction to sulfasalazine in a 46 year old HIV-infected female with concurrent rheumatoid arthritis which presented atypically with a marked peripheral blood plasmacytosis mimicking a lymphoproliferative neoplasm.Management and outcome: A diagnosis of DRESS was made in conjunction with the laboratory and clinical presenting findings. Sulfasalazine was immediately discontinued. The mucocutaneous rash and systemic symptoms (which included fever, lymphadenopathy and multi-organ dysfunction) resolved with supportive treatment. This included topical and systemic corticosteroids.Conclusion: In conclusion, it is important to consider drug reactions when evaluating patients infected with HIV.
The Analysis of Correlation between Depression Symptoms and Their Attitudes towards Addictive Substances of High School Students Who Participate in Regular Exercise and Students Who Do Not Participate in Regular Exercise
Authors: Kardas Nurgul Tezcan
Published: October 2018

In this study, it is aimed to analyze the correlation between depression levels and the attitudes towards addictive substances of the students participating and not participating in sports who live in Hendek district of Sakarya province and to determine if sports have an effect on depression and attitudes towards addictive substances. Also by using Vocational and Technical High schools and Anatolian High schools, it became possible to see the effect of school type. Furthermore, the effect of sociodemographic variables such as sex, grades, marital status of parents, and branch of sports, duration and frequency of participation in sports, income level, and number of siblings was researched. The study group consists of 326 students and “Demographic Information Form” developed by the researcher, “Beck Depression Inventory” and “Attitude towards Addictive Substances Scale” were used as data collection tools. The obtained data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS 25.00 program. While no difference was observed in depression symptoms for the individuals participating and not participating in sports in the general frame, it is determined that the individuals participating in sports has a higher interest in addictive substances when compared to their peers who do not participate in sports. Moreover, this negative attitude towards addictive substances is higher in male students and in the students who study at Vocational and Technical High schools.
The Effect of Different Lane Occupancy on Road Traffic Capacity
Authors: Qin Qiao-Xu , Zhang Yuan-Biao
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the data of video is extracted and processed, and the change process of road capacity during the accident is described by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By means of cellular automata, the change of road capacity when different lanes are blocked is simulated, and the influence of different lanes on road capacity is analyzed. Then the formula of vehicle queue length based on mathematical relation is established.
CYTO Lab Hacks: Inspiring innovation in cytometry through open collaboration
Authors: Nedbal Jakub , Cotleur Bunny , Gagnon Dominic , Litwin Virginia , Molloy Jenny , Ohlsson-Wilhelm Betsy
Published: October 2018

This article reports on a conference workshop conducted at CYTO 2018. During the workshop a new Open Science forum "CYTO Lab Hacks" has been launched within the International Society for the Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC). Its goal is to serve as an open, transparent, sustainable and accessible forum for innovation-exchange in cytometry. Here we report the captured status quo, the perceived requirements of the members in relation to open innovation sharing and dissemination and publicize the format of "CYTO Lab Hacks".
Consumer Ethnocentrism – Marketing Challenge for Companies: The Case of Serbia
Authors: Rakic Mira , Rakic Beba , Stanojević Ljiljana
Published: October 2018

Research Question: This paper examines consumer ethnocentrism (CE) as marketing challenge for companies. Motivation: The purpose of the paper is to examine the antecedents and consequences of CE, who high-ethnocentric consumers are and whether CE can be used in marketing. Data: Results are derived from primary data collected from a consumer sample in Serbia during 2016 in retail stores of different retail chains in Belgrade. Sample included 200 examinees between 16 and 74 years. Tools: CE is measured by CETSCALE (consumer ethnocentric tendencies scale, 17 statements) developed by Shimp and Sharma (1987). Findings: The results indicate that CE can best be explained by a combination of national culture, the characteristics of consumers, product categories, the perceived value of companies and the integrated marketing communications of companies and countries. Furthermore, the results show that significant differences in CE exist between different groups of consumers and product categories. The theoretical contribution and the managerial impactions based on the findings are provided. The conceptual frameworks (Figure 1 and Figure 2) represent the theoretical contribution. The frameworks can be used by marketers for their effective target marketing (market segmentation, market targeting and market positioning). This study underlines the different practical implications of the high level of CE for domestic and foreign companies in the Serbian market. Domestic companies have the opportunity to encourage CE. This study provides marketers with useful marketing strategies and tactics for domestic and foreign companies with respect to CE. The high level of CE is a marketing opportunity for domestic companies. Foreign companies face a bigger challenge with certain product categories which are directed towards certain groups - high-ethnocentric consumers. Particular challenges for foreign companies are promotional campaigns of domestic companies and governments in countries that are directed towards domestic products purchasing. Contribution: This study suggests the marketing strategies and tactics for the encouragement of CE for domestic companies. On the other hand, the high level of CE is a marketing threat to foreign companies. This study suggests the marketing strategies and tactics for decreasing the influence of CE for foreign companies. The results of this study can be used both for further research and in practice.
Factors influencing electricity consumption: a review of research methods
Authors: Krstić Jelena , Reljić Marija , Filipović Sanja
Published: October 2018

Research Question: This paper presents a review of empirical methods used by authors to determine the influence of different groups of factors that influence households’ electricity consumption. Motivation: The question what drives electricity consumption is very complex and requires a systematic approach in analysis of different theory frameworks and factors. In the literature, there are a lot of attempts to classify a huge number of very different factors which could be heterogeneous. The review is built on the existing literature by distinguishing the appropriateness of the usage of different empirical methods for collecting the data on the influence of specific groups of factors. Idea: Based on significant literature review and analysis of different methods used in this field, the aim of this paper is to make classification of the most important factors which have the highest impact on electricity consumption. The factors has been grouped into four groups by authors of the paper. Data: Analysis was conducted by reviewing papers dealing with households’ electricity consumption published in the international journals. Tools: The systematisation of relevant literature was used with the goal of determining the most common and proper methods that were used for determination of the influence of different groups of factors on electricity consumption. Findings: As consumer behaviour in the area of electricity consumption often demands the examination of subjective views of consumers, methods like interviewing, conduction of online/offline surveys, case study and field experiments are commonly used for analysing the influence of cognitive and affective factors, socio-demographic and behavioural. For analysis of the impact of contextual factors with using the large amount of secondary data, statistical and econometric methods are used as the most appropriate ones. Contribution: This paper provides an overview of most appropriate research methods when it comes to examination of the impact of different groups of factors whose influence needs to be empirically proven.
Leadership and motivation among employees in health-care facilities in Serbia
Authors: Krstic Miroslava , Obradovic Vladimir , Terzic-Supic Zorica , Stanisavljevic Dejana , Todorovic Jovana
Published: October 2018

Reserarch question: This paper investigates whether motivational factors have influence on the work of employees in health care organizations of Serbia and what factors affect employees. Motivation: Motivation and job satisfaction among different groups of workers in health care facilities in Serbia are an important issue. This study’s purpose is to assist health managers in their efforts to fulfill individual and organizational targets by highlighting the most preferred motivational factors among the employees. With good leadership and with the building of good motivational system the organization can increase its value and competitiveness. It has been shown that employees are more motivated and work under less stress if there is a support from their leader or manager (Jensen, 2010). Idea: The  core  idea  of  this  paper  is to  evaluate  the  relationship  between motivational factors and work of employees in health care institutions in Serbia. The central hypothesis of this study is what the managers within health care institutions have to do to improve motivation as well as their abilities for the fulfillment of both individual’s and organization’s needs. Data: The cross-sectional study included 217 physicians, nurses, technicians, health associates and non-medical staff in 21 facilities of primary, secondary and tertiary levels in Pozarevac, Belgrade, Nis, Pirot, Novi Sad, Zrenjanin, Krusevac, Varvarin and Novi Pazar. Tools: The research instrument was a questionnaire with questions regarding socio-demographic characteristics, participants’ characteristics and motivational factors. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Findings: The most important motivational factors are: salary, good interpersonal relationships and team work, contribution to population’s health and patient’s satisfaction. Around 10% of the participants thought that work could be done well even without motivational factors’ presence. Employees from the areas outside Belgrade rated job security higher in comparison with employees from Belgrade. A study conducted at the University of llorin Teaching Hospital in 2011 showed that salary was the most important motivational factor, followed by job security (Ojokuku& Salami, 2011). Contribution: Salary is an important motivational factor for employees in health care facilities in Serbia. Managers should work on the improvement of motivational factors through acknowledgement of needs of individual employees as well as through involving employees into decision making.
Turnover Intentions and Job Hopping among Millennials in Serbia
Authors: Ivanovic Tatjana , Ivancevic Sonja
Published: October 2018

Research Question: The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the number of jobs the Millennial generation intend to change during their career is larger than that of previous generations; to compare the Millennials’ intention to leave their current job to the previous generations’, and also to examine the relation between the Millennials’ turnover intention and their job satisfaction. Motivation: Millennials keep their resumes updated and have a reputation to be job hoppers (Shaw & Fairhurst, 2008; Meier& Crocker, 2010). Moreover, their job hopping has been an unprecedented problem for the employers (Tulgan 2015) and they are reported to have higher turnover intention rate than other generations (Kowske, Rasch & Wiley 2013; Deloitte, 2011; Twenge, 2010; Sujansky & Ferri-Reed, 2009). Additionally, it is generally accepted that job satisfaction and employee turnover intention are negatively related (Mobley 1977; Susskind et al. 2000; Schwepker 2001). Having in mind a lack of relevant literature as well as research in Eastern European countries, our goal was to explore if the same can be concluded for the Millennials in Serbia. Idea: The core idea of this paper was to empirically evaluate the relationship between the stated variables. Data: The analysis was conducted during 2017 in Serbia using a questionnaire which was made in the form of an online survey and distributed by email and posted on social networking websites. A total of 802 valid responses were received. Tools: Statistical analyses of all collected data were used to draw conclusions. Findings: The results of the study confirmed that the intention of the respondents to change a larger number of jobs in their career increases as we move towards the youngest generation in the workplace. Generation Y was found to be the only generation that has a higher percentage of those who think that they will quit the current job in the next two years than those who expect the opposite. The analysis confirmed that turnover intention increases with job dissatisfaction - the greater their job satisfaction is, the less Millennials will want to change their current employer in the next two years. Contribution: This paper expands existing research related to the turnover intentions and job hopping of Millennials and provides recommendations for organizations for retaining the members of Generation Y.
Management and Leadership in Serbian Terminology Work
Authors: Andjelkovic Jelena , Filipović Jelena
Published: October 2018

Research question: This paper studies the roles of Terminology Leadership (Filipovic 2012, 2015; Filipovic & Vuco, 2012; Filipovic & Djordan, 2018) and Terminology Management model (Jernudd & Neustupný, 1987, 1991; Jernudd 1993, 1997 in Antia, 2000, p.3; Spolsky, 2004, 2009, 2012) in the implementation of terminology policy and planning in Serbia, and the sustainable development of Serbian scientific and technical terminology. Motivation: As in almost all standard-language cultures (Quirk,1990), the Serbian language policy is top-down oriented, i.e., it follows the language management model. In this model, all decisions regarding the language, including terminology decisions, are made by linguists - language planners, without taking into account the opinions of professional and academic communities, i.e., the primary creators and users of terminology. Newer European terminology guidelines, especially the widely accepted UNESCO Guidelines for Terminological Policies (2005, p.3), however, propose that terminology work should be approached both top-down, i.e., on the level of political decision-making (following the terminology management model), and bottom-up, i.e., on the level of professional associations and other terminology stakeholders (following the complementary model of terminology leadership). Idea: The idea behind this paper is to investigate to what extent the terminology leadership model and the bottom-up orientation in the Serbian terminology policy and planning are recognized and accepted by various groups of stakeholders in comparison with the dominant language management model. Data: The data regarding the perspectives of two groups of terminology stakeholders (technical translators and professional / academic community) towards the state of the Serbian subject-field terminology and terminology management were collected, analyzed, interpreted and compared. Tools: The data were collected through two surveys on terminology work (Andjelkovic, 2018). While the first survey focuses on translators’ perspective on terminology management, the second survey examines the attitude of the academic community towards the terminology state of their own subject field: management. Findings: The surveys’ results confirm that both groups of terminology stakeholders recognise the importance of collaborative and cooperative work of linguists and subject field specialists in terminology policy making, planning and implementation, and thus do not regard linguists (i.e., language planners) as exclusive language and terminology decision-makers. The results also indicate, however, that there is still a very strong influence of standard-language ideology and the top-down oriented language policy. Contribution:  The paper suggests a change in the implementation of the Serbian terminology policy and planning that is more in line with the European terminology Guidelines (UNESCO, 2005).
Epicardial anthracosis in a patient undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Altınay Levent , Coşkun Elif , Tekin Anıl , Tütün Ufuk
Published: October 2018

Anthracosis is an occupational disease which is caused by long‐term inhalation of coal and rock dust. We present a case of epicardial anthracosis in a patient who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery for coronary artery disease. This is the first case of anthracosis related to the heart in the literature to the best of our knowledge. This case report emphasizes the systemic dissemination of inorganic particles such as carbon in the human body.
Aqueous Phase Phosphorescence: Ambient Triplet Harvesting of Purely Organic Phosphors via Supramolecular Scaffolding
Authors: Kuila Suman , Rao K. Venkata , Garain Swadhin , Samanta Pralok K. , Das Shubhajit , Pati Swapan K. , Eswaramoorthy Muthusamy , George Subi J.
Published: October 2018

Ambient solution and amorphous state room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from purely organic chromophores is rarely achieved. Remarkable stabilization of triplet excitons is realized to obtain deep red phosphorescence in water and in amorphous film state under ambient conditions by a unique supramolecular hybrid assembly between inorganic laponite clay and heavy atom core substituted naphthalene diimide (NDI) phosphor. Structural rigidity and oxygen tolerance of the inorganic template along with controlled molecular organization via supramolecular scaffolding are envisaged to alleviate the unprecedented aqueous phase phosphorescence.
Enantioselective Oxidative Cyclization/Mannich Addition Enabled by Gold(I)/Chiral Phosphoric Acid Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Wei Hanlin , Bao Ming , Dong Kuiyong , Qiu Lihua , Wu Bing , Hu Wenhao , Xu Xinfang
Published: October 2018

An enantioselective Mannich‐type reaction of 3‐butynol and nitrones is described, which affords dihydrofuran‐3‐ones in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. The reaction is initiated by gold‐catalyzed alkyne oxidation and modification of the resulting gold carbene species with a tethered hydroxy group to form enolate species; the reaction terminates with an enantioselective Mannich‐type addition with the assistance of chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) and hydrogen bonding. This novel pattern of alkyne transformation involving chemical bond cleavage, and a fragment modification and reassembly process, provides an atom‐ and step‐economic method, and is the first example of cooperative asymmetric catalysis in gold‐catalyzed alkyne oxidations via an α‐oxo gold carbene route.
Back to Basics: Unplanned Patient Hypothermia
Authors: Spruce Lisa
Published: October 2018

Unplanned perioperative hypothermia is a common occurrence and can negatively affect a patient's postoperative course. Perioperative nurses are responsible for identifying patients at risk for hypothermia and working with the entire surgical team to prevent this complication from occurring. Multiple interventions can be implemented to address hypothermia, including active or passive warming and warm IV and irrigation fluids. This Back to Basics article addresses patient assessment concerns, identifies a variety of evidence‐based interventions that can prevent or mitigate perioperative patient temperature changes, and provides basic steps for perioperative RNs to follow to help prevent perioperative hypothermia in their patients.
Investigating the crosslinking effects on surface characteristics of vinyltrimethoxysilane‐grafted moisture‐cured low‐density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blend
Authors: Mostofi Sarkari N. , Mohseni M. , Ebrahimi M.
Published: October 2018

In this article, the adhesion attributed characteristics of vinyltrimethoxysilane‐grafted moisture‐cured low‐density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (VTMS‐grafted LDPE/EVA) blend have been investigated before, during, and after crosslinking process. Characterization of the changes due to the moisture‐induced crosslinking has been carried out as a function of vapor exposure (crosslinking) duration. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used for identification of compounds based on functional groups and also for identification of any modification in the chemical structure of the compounds. In addition, contact angle measurement was performed to calculate the surface energy and its components. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilized to study the surface morphology changes. The results demonstrated that the moisture‐induced crosslinking was not causing significant changes in roughness parameters and surface energy values of the samples after crosslinking. For instance, the Ra parameter, which shows the arithmetic average height of the surface, changed from 278 nm to 280 nm and the surface free energy decreased from 30.90 to 27.63 mJ/m2 after 16 hours of vapor exposure. However, surface relative elastic modulus approximately doubled, indicating a stiffer surface. The findings confirmed that the adhesion‐related surface properties of the VTMS‐grafted LDPE/EVA blend were not affected impressively by the crosslinking. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47147.
Correlation of the morphology and thermooxidative degradation behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate)–nitrile butadiene rubber–polycarbonate ternary blends
Authors: Ali‐Asgari Dehaghi Hamidreza , Boudaghi Malidareh Amin , Edraki Milad , Sedaghat Navid , Farokhzad Ardalan
Published: October 2018

In this study, we prepared ternary poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)–nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)–polycarbonate (PC) blends through a molten mixing procedure, and with a corotating extruder, we studied the morphology and thermodynamic properties of each purified polymer and the binary and ternary blends with different compositions. Dynamic mechanical analysis of both the PET–PC and PET–NBR samples showed individual loss peaks for each component, but in different ternary samples, the effects of different percentages of components (PC–PC and PET–NBR) were observed; this revealed changes in the loss peak locations. Individual loss peaks of PET and PC in the ternary PET–NBR–PC blends (81/9/10 and 63/30/7)—proof of the miscibility of the samples—were also observed in this study. The thermal properties of the samples were measured and examined with the thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetry testing methods. The activation energy and order of reaction values for the samples under an air atmosphere with single‐rate methods of heating were studied. Finally, the relation between the type of morphology and the thermal degradation behavior was investigated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47171.
Fabrication of innovative forward osmosis membranes via multilayered interfacial polymerization on electrospun nanofibers
Authors: Huang Manhong , Meng Lijun , Li Beibei , Niu Feihu , Lv Yan , Deng Qian , Li Jin
Published: October 2018

Practical application of forward osmosis (FO) membranes is beset by low water flux and vulnerability of selective polyamide (PA) layers. Herein, novel composite membranes were fabricated with multilayered PA via cyclic interfacial polymerization (IP) on electrospun polyethersulfone (PES) nanofiber substrates to realize high performance FO. The membrane fabrication conditions were optimized detailedly with respect to the morphologies, physicochemical properties, and FO performances. It is indicated that the PES concentration has great impacts on the morphology, thickness, and fiber diameter of the electrospun substrates and the optimal concentration is proved to be 26 wt %. After multilayered IP, the membrane thickness, surface hydrophilicity, and mechanical strength increased with IP cycles. The optimized FO membranes with two PA layers show much higher water flux and membrane selectivity compared with the commercial thin film composite membranes, holding great promise for water purification and seawater desalination. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47247.