bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A maior marca do mercado odontológico é o cirurgião-dentista
Authors: Soares Paulo Vinicius
Published: May 2024

Muitos ainda não entenderam esse novo movimento, que não é uma "moda", mas sim a tendência de mercado já estabelecida, e pertence à fase inicial desta nova era em que vivemos: a Era da Influência. No editorial anterior, discutimos sobre a mudança das eras e suas respectivas alterações nos modelos de mercado.
Diagnóstico de Doenças Não Cariosas: série de casos clínicos
Authors: Figueiredo Rodrigo Silveira Tosta , Caixeta Ângela Braga , Wobido Amanda Ribeiro , Zeola Lívia Favaro , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Soares Paulo Vinícius
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo desta série de casos é demonstrar o diagnóstico clínico das Doenças Não Cariosas, vinculadas com o estilo e a qualidade de vida, hábitos e doenças correlacionadas do hospedeiro. Dessa forma, espera-se que haja um atendimento individualizado e personalizado do paciente nesse novo contexto de doenças bucais. Série de casos: Ao todo, 5 casos clínicos foram separados, com o intuito de demonstrar o diagnóstico de cada tipo de Doença Não Cariosa: hipersensibilidade dentinária, lesão não cariosa, recessão gengival, trincas/fraturas e danos pulpares, moduladas pela Síndrome do Envelhecimento Precoce Bucal. Conclusão: É necessária a inclusão do conceito de Doenças Não Cariosas na rotina clínica e no ensino dos cursos de Odontologia, para que tanto o cirurgião dentista quanto o aluno de graduação possam aprimorar a qualidade do diagnóstico de doenças bucais, prevenindo erros no planejamento.
Sono e a prática clínica odontológica
Authors: Cunha Thays Crosara Abrahão , Fabbro Cibele Dal , Rossi Rowdley , Januzzi Eduardo
Published: May 2024

O sono é fundamental para a manutenção da saúde e qualidade de vida. Entre suas várias funções estão o controle imunológico, regulação inflamatória, mecanismos de reparação tecidual e percepção dolorosa, que interferem diretamente na prática clínica odontológica. Podemos ressaltar também outras condições fisiológicas relacionadas ao sono, como a alteração do fluxo e composição salivar ou ainda comorbidades como o refluxo gastroesofágico, que influenciarão a saúde bucal. Como profissional da saúde, é fundamental que o dentista conheça os padrões de normalidade do sono e saiba identificar suas possíveis alterações.
Diferentes designs de término para restaurações indiretas parciais: comportamento mecânico e adaptação in vitro
Authors: Pontons-Melo Juan Carlos , Huertas-Mogollón Gustavo , Watanabe-Oshiro Gustavo , Fraga Sara , Leitune Vicente Castelo Branco , Balbinot Gabriela de Souza , Collares Fabricio Mezzomo
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar in vitro a influência do término do preparo na adaptação e comportamento mecânico de restaurações parciais indiretas de resina composta. Métodos: Quarenta e cinco pré-molares superiores extraídos foram preparados para receber restaurações indiretas parciais de resina composta, com diferentes términos de preparo: contrabisel, bisel interno e bisel côncavo. Todos os preparos e as restaurações foram realizados por um único operador treinado, e as restaurações foram cimentadas com um cimento resinoso autoadesivo dual. A discrepância marginal absoluta (DMA) e a adaptação interna foram avaliadas em uma sequência de imagens obtidas em micro-CT. Foram avaliados três pontos padronizados para realizar as medições em cada imagem. A carga máxima até a fratura do conjunto dente/restauração foi avaliada sob uma carga de compressão (n=15). Resultados: A DMA não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (p > 0,05), bem como no tamanho do gap marginal antes e após a cimentação (p > 0,05). Observou-se uma redução no gap após a cimentação no grupo com bisel interno (p < 0,05). A carga máxima até a fratura não sofreu influência do tipo de término (p > 0,05). Os grupos com contrabisel e bisel interno apresentaram os menores percentuais de fraturas catastróficas. Conclusão: O grupo com bisel interno apresentou uma redução do espaço após a cimentação, bem como uma quantidade reduzida de falhas catastróficas.
Methodology for Inventory Management in Neighborhood Stores Using Machine Learning and Integer Linear Programming
Authors: Henao-Baena Carlos Alberto , Zuluaga-Zuluaga Bibiana , Galeano-Castro Julian , Marín-García Edward Jhohan , Calvo-Salcedo Andrés Felipe
Published: May 2024

Context: Nowadays, inventory management poses a challenge given the constant demands related to temporality, geographic location, price variability, and budget availability, among others. In neighborhood shops, this process is manually done based on experience (the data generated are ignored), which is sometimes not enough to respond to changes. This shows the need to develop new strategies and tools that use data analysis techniques. Method: Our methodology predicts the weekly demand for 14 common products in neighborhood stores, which is later refined based on investment capital. The method is validated using a database built with synthetic information extracted from statistical sampling. For the prediction model, three supervised learning models are used: support vector machines (SVM), AutoRegressive models (Arx), and Gaussian processes (GP). This work proposes a restricted linear model given an inversion and the predicted quantity of products; the aim is to refine the prediction while maximizing the shopkeeper's profit. Finally, the problem is solved by applying an integer linear programming paradigm. Results: Tests regarding the prediction and inventory adjustment stages are conducted, showing that the methodology can predict the temporal dynamics of the data by inferring the statistical moments of the distributions used. It is shown that it is possible to obtain a maximum profit with a lower investment. Conclusions: Our method allows predicting and refining inventory management in a neighborhood store model where quantities are managed to maximize the shopkeeper's profits. This opens the way to explore this approach in a real scenario or to introduce new techniques that can improve its performance.
How Accurately Are Climatological Characteristics and Surface Water and Energy Balances Represented for the Colombian Amazon Basin?
Authors: Valencia-Monroy Carolina , Baquero-Bernal Astrid
Published: May 2024

Context: The Colombian Amazon basin (CAB) is characterized by having many areas with few or no in situ observations. To help fix this shortcoming, there are different gridded datasets that represent meteorological variable estimates from in situ, satellite-based, merged, and model-based products. However, before using them, it is necessary to evaluate their performance.Methods: We analyzed the capacity of five grid datasets to represent the annual cycle, the annual means, and the interquartile range of temperature and the variables that intervene in the surface water and energy balances of the CAB. The five datasets were a regional climate model (REMO) and four reanalyses (ERA40, ERA-Interim, NCEP/NCAR, and NCEP-v2). For the temperature and precipitation analyses, the Delaware, GPCP, CPC, CMAP, and CMAP-v2 datasets were also taken into account. Results: The average annual temperature cycle in the CAB has an unimodal behavior, with higher values between October and March. Only Delaware and ERA-Interim describe this behavior and exhibit values close to those of the observations. The average annual cycle of precipitation is also unimodal, with higher values between March and July. Delaware, GPCP, CPC, and ERA-Interim describe this behavior, although ERA-Interim overestimates precipitation. Additionally, the four reanalyses, especially ERA-Interim, show an unexpected trend of increase in mean annual precipitation. As for the water balance, the precipitation and runoff maps of ERA-Interim and REMO show higher values in the foothills and east of 73 degrees W, a pattern that shows better agreement with the observations than those of the other datasets. ERA-Interim, REMO, and ERA-40 meet the closure condition of both the long-term water and the energy budgets. However, REMO and ERA-Interim overestimated precipitation, ERA-40 underestimated it, and ERA-Interim overestimated solar radiation. This implies that some of the other variables for the water and energy balances are also poorly estimated. Conclusions: The five gridded datasets that allow studying surface water and energy balances are not adequate, so better models and reanalyses are required.
Dynamic Model of Lower Limb Motion in the Sagittal Plane during the Gait Cycle
Authors: Sarmiento-Ramos Jose Luis , Meneses-Castro Andrés Felipe , Jaimes-Mantilla Pedro José
Published: May 2024

Context: This work presents the development of a dynamic model for human lower limb motion in the sagittal plane during the gait cycle. The primary objective of this model is to serve as a powerful tool for the design of rehabilitation and assistive devices, such as exoskeletons, prostheses, and orthoses. It achieves this by facilitating the estimation of joint torques, the detailed analysis of kinematic variables, optimal actuator selection, and the exploration of advanced control techniques. Method: The dynamic model consists of two primary components: (1) the plant model and (2) a closed-loop controller. The plant model represents the forward dynamics of human gait and is based on a multi-mass pendulum composed of three segments of the lower limb (thigh, lower leg, and foot) and three joints (hip, knee, and ankle). It is analyzed using the Euler-Lagrange formulation and the nonlinear second-order differential equations are implemented in MATLAB’s Simulink. To reproduce reference human gait trajectories and simulate the functioning of the neuromusculoskeletal system and the central nervous system, a closed-loop PID controller is incorporated into the plant model. It is noteworthy that the scope of this dynamic model is specifically confined to the sagittal plane. Results: The dynamic model is evaluated in terms of angular displacement tracking using the relative maximum error (RME) and the root mean square error (RMSE) for reference trajectories of healthy adult male human gait as reported in the literature. The model demonstrates tracking with errors below 2.2 [°] in magnitude and 3,5% for all three considered segments (thigh, lower leg, and foot). Conclusions: The quantitative results show that the dynamic model developed in this work is reliable and allows for a precise reproduction of human gait trajectories.
Evaluation of Nutrition Education at Senior High Schools in Mamuju Regency West Sulawesi
Authors: Nurbaya Nurbaya , Najdah Najdah
Published: May 2024

Abstract Introduction: The 2018 Basic Health Research showed a high prevalence of anemia (32%), Chronic Energy Deficiency (36.3%), and overweight and obesity (16.0%) among adolescents. Nutrition education is crucial to be taught to adolescents from an early age. However, there is a lack of research on content related to nutrition education in textbooks of school policies on nutrition and health. This study aimed to evaluate the nutrition education on senior high schools in Mamuju Regency.Methods: This qualitative study examined word by word of high school students textbooks’ content of nutrition and health education.  The main study material was textbooks used by high school students in Mamuju Regency. The research informants were students and teachers. The analysis was done through content analysis by examining words and pictures in the textbooks. Data was classified into the same categories to answer the research objectives.Results: Only a small proportion of textbooks (0.17%) contain nutrition and health messages. The nutrition and health messages included the nutritional content of food, food labels, and physical activity such as how to do long jump. Informants did not get information on adolescent health and nutrition at school. In addition, there is currently no school policy regarding breakfast or healthy snacks in the school environment.Conclusion: Balanced nutrition messages had not been published in textbooks and delivered regularly in schools. Policy makers should review the school curriculum to include nutrition and health messages for adolescents in the textbooks used.
Factors Affecting The Incidence of Anemia in Third-Trimester Pregnant Women at Purwoharjo Primary Health Center, Pemalang District
Authors: Zaliyanti Vera , Herlambang Penggalih Mahardika , Fatmawati Widi
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction: Anemia in pregnancy occurs due to a lack of nutritional intake to meet the needs of the mother and fetus. According to Riskesdas, the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is 48.9%. Anemia in pregnancy can occur due to various factors. The most common anemia in pregnancy is iron deficiency anemia which is caused by a lack of nutritional intake and foods that contain iron.Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive observational, the sample was pregnant women in the third trimester, who had Hb levels <11 gr/dl and underwent ANC at Purwoharjo  Primary Health Center. This research was conducted in August-October 2023 with a total of 62 respondents, analysis used univariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of anemia in third-trimester pregnant women at the Purwoharjo Primary Health Center is 43%. Various factors influence the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the third trimester at Purwoharjo Primary Health Center.Conclusion: The prevalence of third-trimester pregnancy anemia at the Purwoharjo   Primary Health Center is 43%, and the most influencing factors are nutritional status (61.3%) and non-compliance with iron supplement consumption (53.2%). Health officials have also made various efforts to reduce the incidence of anemia
Risk Factors for Maternal Mortality in Banyumas Regency in 2022
Authors: Aryani Aisyah Apriliciciliana , Nafisah Lu'lu , Hapsari Pramesthi Widya , Mulyani Jajang Dede
Published: May 2024

Abstract Introduction: Maternal mortality Rate (MMR) in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia fluctuates. In 2022, it was the highest in Central Java Province with 24 cases spread across 14 Puskesmas. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors affecting maternal mortality consisting of maternal education level, anemia status, nutritional status, and history of infectious diseases.Methods: This type of research was a case control study with a sample size of 24 cases and 48 controls. The sampling method was total sampling. Education level, infectious disease, anemia, and nutritional status were investigated. This study was conducted on July to September 2023 in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed with chi square tests and logistic regression.Results: The results showed that factors that increase the risk of maternal mortality were having a history of infectious diseases (OR = 5.84; 95% CI = 1.46 - 23.33, p = 0.012) and maternal Chronic Energy Deficiency (OR = 3.98; 95% CI = 1.32 - 12.01, p = 0.014).Conclusion: The risk factors for maternal mortality were infectious diseases and maternal Chronic Energy Deficiency. Early detection of risk factors such as history of infectious disease and Chronic Energy Deficiency are needed so prevention efforts can be planned. The improvement of antenatal and postnatal care through increasing the quality of health workers by providing technical and non-technical skills, especially village midwives is very important.
Zita Skořepová: Hudební světy české Vídně. Menšina a identita v 21. století.
Authors: Tomková Jana
Published: May 2024

A review of a book by Jana Tomková.
44. ročník konference American Indian Workshop (AIW). Ancestral Shadows: Ethnocultural Encounters Carried in Body and Mind
Authors: Dufek Tadeáš
Published: May 2024

Konference American Indian Workshop slouží jako místo setkání evropských amerikanistů zabývajících se domorodými Američany již přes čtyřicet let. V současné době během čtyř dnů nabízí přes padesát příspěvků ve dvou paralelních panelech a bohatý doprovodný program. 44. ročník byl organizován týmem Judith Kádárové z katedry amerických studií na univerzitě Eötvös Loránd v Budapešti a proběhl v termínu 28. 6. – 1. 7. 2023.
HyBench: A New Benchmark for HTAP Databases
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Guoliang , Lv Tao
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we propose, HyBench, a new benchmark for HTAP databases. First, we generate the testing data by simulating a representative HTAP application. We particularly develop a time-dependent generation phase and an anomaly generation phase for testing HTAP with large cardinality and various anomalies. Second, we propose a set of hybrid workloads. Specifically, we design 18 read/write transactions, 13 analytical queries, and a mix workload of 6 analytical transactions and 6 interactive queries. We also develop a graph-based parameter curation method to control the access patterns including skew access and data contention of the hybrid workload. Third, we propose a unified metric for quantifying the overall HTAP performance. Particularly, we introduce a query-driven method that evaluates the data freshness (lag time between analytics and transactions). Then we introduce a three-phase execution rule to compute a unified metric, combining the performance of OLTP (TPS), OLAP (QPS), and OLXP (XPS) and data freshness. To verify the effectiveness of HyBench and to debunk the myth of different HTAP architectures, extensive experiments have been conducted over five HTAP databases.
Falcon: Fair Active Learning Using Multi-Armed Bandits
Authors: Tae Ki Hyun , Zhang Hantian , Park Jaeyoung , Rong Kexin , Whang Steven Euijong
Published: May 2024

Biased data can lead to unfair machine learning models, highlighting the importance of embedding fairness at the beginning of data analysis, particularly during dataset curation and labeling. In response, we propose Falcon, a scalable fair active learning framework. Falcon adopts a data-centric approach that improves machine learning model fairness via strategic sample selection. Given a user-specified group fairness measure, Falcon identifies samples from "target groups" (e.g., (attribute=female, label=positive)) that are the most informative for improving fairness. However, a challenge arises since these target groups are defined using ground truth labels that are not available during sample selection. To handle this, we propose a novel trial-and-error method, where we postpone using a sample if the predicted label is different from the expected one and falls outside the target group. We also observe the trade-off that selecting more informative samples results in higher likelihood of postponing due to undesired label prediction, and the optimal balance varies per dataset. We capture the trade-off between informativeness and postpone rate as policies and propose to automatically select the best policy using adversarial multi-armed bandit methods, given their computational efficiency and theoretical guarantees. Experiments show that Falcon significantly outperforms existing fair active learning approaches in terms of fairness and accuracy and is more efficient. In particular, only Falcon supports a proper trade-off between accuracy and fairness where its maximum fairness score is 1.8--4.5x higher than the second-best results.
SepHash: A Write-Optimized Hash Index On Disaggregated Memory via Separate Segment Structure
Authors: Min Xinhao , Lu Kai , Liu Pengyu , Wan Jiguang , Xie Changsheng , Wang Daohui , Yao Ting , Wu Huatao
Published: May 2024

Disaggregated memory separates compute and memory resources into independent pools connected by fast RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) networks, which can improve memory utilization, reduce cost, and enable elastic scaling of compute and memory resources. Hash indexes provide high-performance single-point operations and are widely used in distributed systems and databases. However, under disaggregated memory, existing hash indexes suffer from write performance degradation due to high resize overhead and concurrency control overhead. Traditional write-optimized hash indexes are not efficient for disaggregated memory and sacrifice read performance.

In this paper, we propose SepHash, a write-optimized hash index for disaggregated memory. First, SepHash proposes a two-level separate segment structure that significantly reduces the bandwidth consumption of resize operations. Second, SepHash employs a low-latency concurrency control strategy to eliminate unnecessary mutual exclusion and check overhead during insert operations. Finally, SepHash designs an efficient cache and filter to accelerate read operations. The evaluation results show that, compared to state-of-the-art distributed hash indexes, SepHash achieves a 3.3X higher write performance while maintaining comparable read performance.
Surface modified molybdenum disulfide nanosheets for corrosion resistance improvement on polyurethane coatings
Authors: Zhou Guilin , Wang Jingchuan , Cheng Wenjie , Nan Hui , Zhao Xiaochong , Wei Haomin , Xue Caihong , Ma Yuehua , Yang Pan
Published: May 2024

Organic–inorganic hybrid coating has been applied on metallic corrosion protection effectively. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets with graphene-like two-dimensional lamellar structure were an anticorrosion inorganic additive, rendering the organic coating better corrosion resistant. However, the aggregation and poor solubility are still current issues that should be addressed. Functionalization MoS2 nanosheets with surface modified by polydopamine (PDA) and silane coupling agent (KH560) were prepared in polyurethane (PU) composite coatings to obtain dense and intact multilayer network structure coatings for corrosion protection. KH560-PDA-MoS2/PU coating with crosslinked polymer network structure has a high impedance modulus, large contact angle, and strong hydrophobicity. The coating meets the national technical standards for salt spray testing and nitric acid (HNO3) titration testing, demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance.
A Compliance Return Method to Evaluate Different Approaches to Implementing Regulations: The Example of Food Hygiene Standards
Authors: Williamson David , Pugh Geoff , Akinbote Mayowa
Published: May 2024

We investigate how different approaches to the implementation of regulations affect compliance by evaluating the implementation of food hygiene standards in four English authorities. We draw upon regulatory theory in general together with specific literature on food hygiene standards to advance a new “compliance return” concept, which enables compliance outcomes and resource inputs to be considered jointly. We operationalize “compliance return” as part of a low-cost methodology for evaluating the relative effectiveness of different approaches to implementing food hygiene standards. We find that different approaches to implementation have significant impacts on food policy outcomes. Specifically, implementation ranged from a greater emphasis on deterrence to a greater emphasis on cooperation, with cooperation resulting in greater compliance and deterrence requiring less resource input. When compliance level is considered alongside resource input, to assess the overall “compliance return,” a stronger case emerges for a deterrence approach. The food policy implications are two-fold: (i) implementation affects policy outcomes, and (ii) the measure of “compliance return” developed and implemented in this article offers a low-cost approach to support the ex-post evaluation of implementation choices. The Compliance Return approach may be applicable more widely, especially where there is discretion regarding how regulations are to be implemented.
Comparative analysis of alpine agritourism in Trentino, Tyrol, and South Tyrol: Regional variations and prospects
Authors: Grillini Giulia , Streifeneder Thomas , Sacchi Giovanna , Fischer Christian
Published: May 2024

Agritourism is an increasingly popular form of tourism that entails visiting farms to engage in activities and gain insights into the farming way of life. This research explores the economic, social, and environmental dynamics of agritourism in the Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion with a specific emphasis on the three distinct regional entities in Austria and Italy: the Austrian state of Tyrol (comprising North and East Tyrol) and the Italian autonomous provinces of South Tyrol and Trentino. It addresses two key research aims: uncovering regional distinctions among these Alpine provinces and understanding the motivations, challenges, and future plans of agritourism operators. A comprehensive review of existing literature frames the study, while data collection involves an online survey of agritourism farms in the region. Distinctive characteristics emerge, with Trentino emphasizing restaurant services, sustainability, and community engagement. South Tyrol prioritizes quality accommodations and work–life balance, while Tyrol aligns closer with South Tyrol’s focus. Notably, economic factors exert a substantial influence on their motivations to embrace agritourism, underscoring their pivotal role in this context. Despite facing challenges such as “time management and labour,” “meeting visitors’ expectations,” and “local permits and taxes,” most agritourism operators across the region display willingness to expand their activity in the future. Overall, agritourism in the study area is characterized by significant structural and operational differences resulting in different future public support and regulatory needs.
Die Bedeutung des Brexits für die Demokratie in Großbritannien
Authors: Chiocchetti Paolo , Dannemann Gerhard
Published: May 2024

On the one hand, Brexit has repatriated key competences from the EU to the UK, broadening the scope for political decisions which respond to national democratic preferences. On the other hand, it has highlighted traditional weaknesses of the British democracy, further concentrating powers in the hands of the British government and strengthening the role of the Prime Minister as the head of an “elective dictatorship” subject to few checks and balances. We explore these developments in light of constitutional law, political expert opinions, and mass surveys, showing that British democracy remains strong but is challenged by heightened popular expectations and widespread demands for reform.
Ökologischer Umbau von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft: Kosten und Nutzen
Authors: Frondel Manuel
Published: May 2024

This article weighs up the costs and benefits of the expansion of renewable energy technologies for electricity generation in Germany. According to calculations of the German Ministry of Economic Affairs, this expansion has cost electricity consumers almost 300 billion euros since the introduction of the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) in 2000. Moreover, payment obligations of a similar magnitude are already in place for the next two decades. However, with the accelerated expansion of renewables following Russia’s attack on Ukraine, politicians are accepting costs well in excess of this approximately 600 billion. Given the costs already incurred, a cost-benefit analysis is imperative, not least because further costs in the three-digit billion range are not included in the 600 billion figure, such as the costs for grid expansion, which would not be necessary to the same extent without the expansion of renewables. Against this backdrop, strict attention should be paid to cost discipline in the further expansion of renewables by ensuring that the Federal Network Agency only issues technology-neutral rather than technology-specific tenders for the expansion of renewables in future. This means that only the most cost-efficient renewable technologies will be installed. Consequently, there will be budgetary scope for future investments that could boost the growth potential of the German economy more than the expansion of renewable energies. Contrasting with the high costs, the benefits of expanding renewable energies are modest. For example, the share of renewables in primary energy consumption in 2022 was only around 17 %. With such a low share, achieving greenhouse gas neutrality in 2045 with renewables alone appears to be a tremendous challenge.
Optogenetic Inhibition of the Orbitofrontal Cortex Disrupts Inhibitory Control during Stop-Change Performance in Male Rats
Authors: Brockett Adam T. , Kumar Neeraj , Sharalla Paul , Roesch Matthew R.
Published: May 2024

Historically, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been implicated in a variety of behaviors ranging from reversal learning and inhibitory control to more complex representations of reward value and task space. While modern interpretations of the OFC's function have focused on a role in outcome evaluation, these cognitive processes often require an organism to inhibit a maladaptive response or strategy. Single-unit recordings from the OFC in rats performing a stop-change task show that the OFC responds strongly to STOP trials. To investigate the role that the OFC plays in stop-change performance, we expressed halorhodopsin (eNpHR3.0) in excitatory neurons in the OFC and tested rats on the stop-change task. Previous work suggests that the OFC differentiates between STOP trials based on trial sequence (i.e., gS trials: STOP trials preceded by a GO vs sS trials: STOP trials preceded by a STOP). We found that yellow light activation of the eNpHR3.0-expressing neurons significantly decreased accuracy only on STOP trials that followed GO trials (gS trials). Further, optogenetic inhibition of the OFC speeded reaction times on error trials. This suggests that the OFC plays a role in inhibitory control processes and that this role needs to be accounted for in modern interpretations of OFC function.
Information Support and its Role in Enterprise Management
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Zakharchenko Vitaliy , Shvahirev Maksym ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

The article considers and analyzes modern scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of information provision in management. The essential characteristics of information provision are formulated. A list of requirements for information provision is compiled, which is determined by the main objectives of information provision, in particular, provision of up-to-date information, prompt provision of information and creation of conditions for preventing unauthorized access. The author proposes to consider information support as a special type of professional activity, as a resource support system, as a component of management systems and processes, and also from the economic, organizational, technical and technological points of view. The usefulness of information provision in the management of enterprises and organizations is determined.
Analysis of the Need for Regional Health and Treatment Tourist Destinations for Children
Authors:   Odesa National University of Technology, Dobrіanska Natalia , Chernousova Svitlana ,   Odesa National University of Technology, Salenko Lada ,   Odesa National University of Technology
Published: May 2024

The article considers the importance and prospects for the development of medical and health tourism, taking into account the unstable geopolitical situation in the country after the fullscale invasion of Russia. Recommendations for the balanced development of health and wellness destinations are provided. The article analyses the strategies for the development of healthimproving tourist destinations for children in the Odesa region using the SWOT analysis. The demand for the provision of health and medical services for children is studied by means of a questionnaire. The study is an important component of the sustainable development of the tourism industry in the Odesa region, as well as for the state as a whole.
Ameloblastic Fibroma: A Case Report
Authors: Aktı Ahmet , Cengiz Ziya Ozan , Erdur Omer , Gürses Gökhan
Published: May 2024

Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that usually occurs in the first two decades of life. It can occur in the mandible or maxilla but is most commonly found in the posterior region of the mandible.

A 6-year-old female patient applied to our clinic due to swelling in her mouth. The patient had no medical history of previous trauma or pain in the affected area. Enucleation of the tumor was performed under general anesthesia. Following enucleation, surrounding bone curettage was performed and adjacent teeth were removed. As a result of morphological and immunohistochemical examinations, the patient was diagnosed with ameloblastic fibroma.

Although AF is a rare tumor, it is more common in children. Patients with AF need to be followed for a long time due to the ability of AF to turn into ameloblastic fibrosarcoma, which is its malignant form. The patient is followed frequently and has been asymptomatic for 1 year.
Pertekliniai įsiskolinimai – finansinės atskirties pranašas
Authors: Skučienė Daiva , Buržinskaja Viktorija
Published: May 2024

The article explores the link between financial exclusion and the problems of social exclusion and the at-risk of poverty and highlights relevance in the context of social policy. The study seeks to analyze the problem of over-indebtedness as a threat to financial exclusion. The purpose of the study is implemented by disclosing the concept and causes of financial exclusion, analyzing over-indebtedness measurement and management.
The tendency to over-indebtedness is determined by a whole palette of factors: social, demographic, economic, psychological, behavioral. It examines which groups of society are most likely to face financial difficulties in fulfilling their financial obligations and other household payments and to be over-indebted.
Assessing gross debts of households and the scope of over-indebtedness, links with the socio-economic environment and available demographic data of debtors in Lithuanian municipalities are established. Over-indebtedness figures are analyzed using a secondary analysis of the Centre of Registers (database of open bailiffs’ files, 1995–2023), the Official Statistics Portal, and the Employment Service for 2022. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics, also Pearson correlation and linear regression were performed.
The result of the study shows alarming increase in the amount of over-indebtedness in Lithuania. Over-indebtedness arrears are unevenly distributed among the population of different ages. The situation is not homogeneous between large and small municipalities. Results show that in large municipalities there is strong positive link between debts per person, poverty rate and amount of average salary.
The problem of financial exclusion, and especially over-indebtedness, requires further extended research and increased attention in the political agenda.
Life in a State of Limbo – Narratives of Place, Health, and Integration Among Later Life Female Migrants in Sweden
Authors: Magnusson Finnur
Published: May 2024

International migration is a prioritized domain of European aging research. Using a qualitative approach, the author has gathered accounts among Iranian later-life females in the Swedish city of Malmö, suffering from social isolation. The women in this article found themselves in a situation like that of other later-life migrants in Sweden. Several studies have shown how these groups are at risk of ending up in a social isolation which can be hard to break. The situation of the later-life migrant women discussed in this study is characterized by the loss of numerous deep-seated and natural social bonds connected to ethnicity, family, language, and culture. To cope with their exposed situation, the local Iranian-Swedish association provided some self-arranged activities, offering opportunities to social integration. The aim of the study is to demonstrate how the women described their life situation where a local day center made up the key foundation of their social life in  a Swedish city in 2000–2008. Typical of that period was that solutions of the alarming situation of some foreign-born elderly citizens were discussed by local authorities, as well as volunteer organizations. Thus, the aim is not to describe the present situation among later life migrants. On the contrary, the perspective is retrospective. The theoretical inspirations used in the article derive from a broader backdrop of social-constructive assumptions that define narratives or accounts as explanations of the reality of everyday life and experiences. In the article the women’s stories are defined as small, local, erratic narratives, nevertheless explaining the reality of everyday life and experiences which in their turn reflect the state of illness, locally specific attachment and social isolation. Three salient themes emerge in the material: place bound experiences, illness and unsuccessful integration. The narratives are defined as small irregular accounts, contrasting larger narratives of later-life migration. The article shows how the women depicted their situation as a borderline between an Iranian life in exile and a Swedish society, leaving them in a state of Limbo. The women expressed ambitions of integrate into a Swedish community of senior citizens, providing privileges and civil rights. Thus, the narratives challenge common generalizing images of later-life migrants and their life conditions.
Experiments on watering citrus fruits with a wire supplied drone using RTK-GNSS
Authors: Miwa Masafumi , Hishida Satoshi , Nishikawa Keiichi , Shiromaru Masataka
Published: May 2024

In Japanese agriculture, pesticide-spraying drones are becoming more widespread, with the aim of saving labor in pesticide spraying. The size of aircraft has been increasing, and large aircraft capable of spraying 30 liters of chemicals in about 15 minutes have been developed. In orchards, there is a need to spray even larger quantities of chemicals over a longer period. We have developed a large drone that is wired for power and water to enable it to operate for long periods of time. The effectiveness of the system was verified through actual flight tests on citrus fruit.
Using ISSR markers to detect genetic variation for marine turtles populations in Egypt loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
Authors: Naguib Nahla M. , Salama Ahmed , Elsadek Islam M. , Moghaieb Reda E. , Khashaba Etr H.K. , Yousef Sawsan S. , Sharkawy Ahmed El
Published: May 2024

In Egypt, along the Mediterranean coast, the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) come during nesting season to lay their eggs or for food with a rare occurrence for the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). In the Egyptian Red Sea there are five species that come to visit, the most common to observe are hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green (Chelonia mydas). The goal of this study is to conduct some genetic and ecological analyses a) to generate new markers that include other segments of marine turtles’ genome, as a tool to investigate new areas of variation/polymorphism between, among, and within populations and individuals; b) determine genetic diversity between and within the Mediterranean and the Red Sea populations using (individuals from the same and different habitats using ISSR); and c) determine allele frequency. At the ecological level, this study aims to assess sea turtles' habitat and population distribution among different habitats in Egypt. Throughout the duration of this study, it was noted that there was a decrease in nesting areas attributable to the loss and fragmentation of habitats. Although there are some areas with no significant nesting prosperities it considered significant areas for foraging and highly important as migratory corridors, especially in the Mediterranean. The massive urbanization and unplanned touristic developments affect sea turtle habitat over the Egyptian Mediterranean coast. The Mediterranean coast showed demographic changes in the coastal regions. On the other hand, areas could still be valued with significant nesting areas for sea turtles, but an intense and regular monitoring programme should be established. The Red Sea needs a regular monitoring programme for better management conservation measures to be adopted. The polymorphism percentage resulting from ISSR marker was 45 and 36 for both loggerhead and green turtle populations in the Mediterranean, respectively; and 69 for the green turtle populations in the Red Sea.
Reliability of different methods of measurement of working length in endodontics
Authors: Filho Miguel Simão Haddad , Viana Bruna Ribeiro , Gouvêa Esthefany Rosa , Girondi Gustavo Miorelli , Medeiros João Marcelo Ferreira de , Haddad Ana Victória
Published: May 2024

They compared measurements using radiographic images and mathematical calculations, computed tomography and electronic foraminal locator in vivo, comparing them with the real measurement determined by digital calipers after tooth extraction in 12 dental elements of patients of both sexes indicated. for tooth extraction due to advanced periodontal disease. The patients underwent Cone Beam Computed Tomography examination to determine the real length of the tooth. Afterwards, periapical radiographs were taken to establish the apparent length of the tooth. Subsequently, isolation of the operative field, the teeth had their canals accessed, emptied and subjected to conventional measurement by subtracting 3 millimeters from the radiographic vertex in this radiograph. Afterwards, a file was introduced inside the root canal, taking a new radiograph, measuring on this radiograph the distance between the tip of the instrument and the radiographic vertex, adding this measurement to the actual size of the instrument minus 0.5 millimeter as safety margin determined for the working length. Simultaneously, the canal was measured with an electronic foraminal locator. Next, the teeth were sealed and extracted, placed in containers with saline solution. The extracted teeth were measured using a digital caliper and these measurements were recorded in tables. It was concluded that odontometry using computed tomography represented the method that came closest to the real values of the dental elements, constituting the electronic locator with little significant difference in relation to the tomographic examination. Conventional dentistry, especially in anterior elements, showed a considerable degree of distortion.
Beta-amyloid plaque deposits and increased tau protein in the early diagnosis of alzheimer’s disease: the importance of physical activity in the prevention and evolution of the patient
Authors: B Paschoal Juliana F , M Malaquias Délio T , Soler Isadora O , S Miguel Victória B , Calheiros Júlio E , Victorello Giovana R , de Oliveira Isabeli G , M Alineri Thalita P , C Villca Jenyffer V , P Santos João Paulo , Silva Kevin N , de Oliveira Mariana C , N V Da Silva Maria Fernanda , M de O Carriço Hamilton Roberto , Scarsi Aldaiana , Bitolo Giovana C , P Lima Christopher A , B Cordeiro Amanda L , Medici Natália L , G Reis Rafaela D , R de Souza Ana Clara P , S R Farias Gabriella C A , Sa Bertozzi Caio V de , Bomfim Livia S , Lázaro Luan N , S de Freitas Alessandra , Toledo Júlia da S , Krebs Isabela F , Araujo Bruna D , Cação Jheniffer R , Melo Lucas V de , Rebucci Rafael N , de Macedo Amanda D , M Nogueira Maria Paula , Gallo Breno B , da Silva Leonardo T , BL Dos Santo Daniela S , V Delgado Adriana F , P Bergamin Ana Carolina , Camargo Elysa F , de Souza Vitor H , Rochetti Bezerra Thiago A
Published: May 2024

In recent years, it has become clear that the β-amyloid (Aβ) component of senile plaques may be the key molecule in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the origin and site of Aβ's neurotoxic action are still the subject of controversy. The precursor of the β-amyloid peptide is the β-amyloid precursor protein, which is predominantly neuronal. The hypothesis is that intraneuronal dysregulation of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) leads to the accumulation of Aβ peptides in intracellular compartments. This accumulation impairs the trafficking of APP, which initiates a cascade of pathological changes and causes the degeneration of pyramidal neurons. The increased secretion of Aβ as a function of stressed neurons and degenerated neuron remnants provides seeds for extracellular Aβ aggregates, which induce secondary degenerative events involving neighboring cells such as neurons, astroglia and macrophages/microglia. The benefits of physical exercise to reduce low-grade inflammation and improve cognitive function have become a growing field of interest. Epidemiological research has shown that a sedentary lifestyle intensifies the processes of disability and dependence, and also increases the incidence of chronic diseases. Physical exercise has been inversely associated with high levels of different inflammatory markers. It plays a neurotrophic role, capable of promoting a reduction in the accumulation of β-amyloid peptide and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, being an important alternative pathway for reducing the degenerative process, which does not result in the release of pro-inflammatory factors, as well as helping to reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve peripheral concentrations.
Determinants of birth asphyxia among new born babies in Bekoji public hospital, Arsi zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Getachew Tuna , Tadesse Aredo Melese , Batu Dr. Dida , Seyoum Gebre Dejene , Kelu Tololu Abdurehman , Bayou Hinsermu , Simie Helen
Published: May 2024

Background: Birth asphyxia stands out as a significant factor contributing to morbidity and mortality among newborns. However, the determinants of birth asphyxia have not been thoroughly investigated within the local context, particularly in this specific area. Hence, this study aims to identify these determinants to tackle the issue effectively. Objectives: The goal of this study is to pinpoint the determinants of birth asphyxia at Bekoji Public Hospital in Bekoji Town, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Southeast Ethiopia, in 2023. Methods: A case-control study was conducted between June 1, 2023, and August 30, 2023. A total of 198 newborns (75 cases and 123 controls) at Bekoji Public Hospital were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data collection involved a checklist for record review and an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi Data version 7.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Variables with a P-value < 0.25 were subjected to multivariable regression analysis. The Odds Ratio estimated with a 95% Confidence Interval was utilized to indicate the strength of association, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: 196 mothers of newborns (73 cases and 123 controls) were interviewed, resulting in a response rate of 98.9%. Factors such as prolonged duration of labor (AOR=2.54; [95% CI: 1.78, 6.39]), delivery by Caesarean section (AOR=0.64; [95% CI: 0.004, 1.114]), presence of stained amniotic fluid (AOR=0.473; [95% CI: 0.180, 1.242]), and non-cephalic fetal presentation (AOR=2.12; [95% CI: 1.019, 3.80]) were identified as predictors of birth asphyxia. Additionally, being male (AOR=1.885; [95% CI: 0.899, 3.950]) was also found to be a predictive factor for birth asphyxia. Conclusion and recommendations: Duration of labor, fetal presentation, type of amniotic fluid, mode of delivery, and the gender of newborns emerged as significantly associated factors with birth asphyxia. As a result, interventions targeting these factors, particularly focusing on duration of labor and fetal presentation, should be rigorously implemented.