bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quo Vadis Tax and Levy Burden of Wages in the Czech Republic? Tax Reform in 2022
Authors:   VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, Krajňák M. ,   Moravian Colleague Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Published: April 2022

The article deals with changes in personal income taxation in the Czech Republic in 2022 and their impact on the tax burden. The article also deals with the levy burden represented by payments for social security contributions. An extensive tax reform changing the method of taxation of income from dependent activities took place in the Czech Republic in 2021. Its continuing effects was added with impact of legislation changes after 1 January 2022. The most significant change is the increase in the taxpayer’s relief by CZK 3,000. The assessment of how these changes affect the tax burden was made by calculating the effective tax rates. The research methodology includes methods of regression and correlation analysis and methods for time-series analysing. The average wages used by the Czech Social Security Administration for the purposes of calculating social security contributions were used for the analysis. The results show that the tax burden has decreased since 2022 if basic taxpayer relief is applied. For the taxpayer, who, in addition to the taxpayer’s relief, also claims a tax credit for children, the tax burden increases slightly. Although in most cases, the income is subject to the nominal linear tax rate, in comparison with the previous year, there is an increase in the progressivity of the personal income tax due to the rise of the tax relief per taxpayer. On the other hand, social security contributions are both nominally and real linear. There are no significant reforms in this area in comparison with the tax burden. Due to the decrease in the tax burden, in some cases, the levy burden of social security contributions is higher, even though their nominal rate is lower than the nominal income tax rate.
Magnetoencephalography in clinical practice
Authors: HEGAZY Mohamed , GAVVALA Jay
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a neurophysiological technique that measures the magnetic fields associated with neuronal activity in the brain. It is closely related but distinct from its counterpart electroencephalography (EEG). The first MEG was recorded more than 50 years ago and has technologically evolved over this time. It is now well established in clinical practice particularly in the field of epilepsy surgery and functional brain mapping. However, underutilization and misunderstanding of the clinical applications of MEG is a challenge to more widespread use of this technology. A fundamental understanding of the neurophysiology and physics of MEG is discussed in this article as well as practical issues related to implementation, analysis, and clinical applications. The future of MEG and some potential clinical applications are briefly reviewed.
Multiprofessional intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obese people in the COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic clinical trial
Authors: Christinelli Heloá Costa Borim , Westphal Greice , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Okawa Rogério Toshiro Passos , Nardo Junior Nelson , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the effects of a multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing in the treatment of obesity. Methods: pragmatic clinical trial of intervention, conducted with obese adults. The multiprofessional remote intervention with a nurse occurred for 16 weeks through a messaging application. The application analyzed body composition, hemodynamic and laboratory variables, comparing the results obtained with the group that participated in face-to-face multiprofessional intervention without a nurse. The study investigated the effects of the intervention comparing the intervention groups and the moments through the ANOVA test for repeated measures. Results: Group 1 obtained significance in the variables: percentage of body fat (p = 0.008); blood glucose (p = 0.014); insulin (p = 0.001); abdominal and waist circumference; and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.000). Conclusions: the effects of multiprofessional remote intervention and telenursing significantly decreased the risk variables for metabolic syndrome in the treatment of obesity.
Fragilidade financeira externa e os limites da política cambial no Real
Authors: PAULA LUIZ FERNANDO RODRIGUES DE , ALVES JÚNIOR ANTONIO JOSÉ
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este artigo avalia os impactos do plano de estabilização cambial do Brasil (Plano Real) na fragilidade financeira externa do país e discute políticas alternativas de câmbio para superar a vulnerabilidade externa do Brasil. Para isso, desenvolvemos um índice para essa fragilidade financeira externa, que é aplicado a uma série temporal de variáveis do setor externo de 1992 a 1997. As evidências mostram que a fragilidade financeira externa brasileira cresceu nos primeiros três anos e meio após o Plano Real, particularmente em 1996 e 1997. Usando essas evidências, o documento questiona a eficácia da estratégia de ajuste do governo para o setor industrial, baseada em quatro pilares: estabilização de preços, liberalização do comércio, liberalização do capital e valorização cambial. Finalmente, concluímos que a margem para mudanças na política cambial atualmente é muito pequena: o governo é prisioneiro de uma “armadilha cambial” auto infligida.
¿Cuán apolíticos fueron epicuro y los epicúreos? la polis griega y sus ilustres ciudadanos epicúreos
Authors: Aoiz Francisco Javier , Boeri Marcelo D.
Published: April 2022

Resumen: En este artículo argumentamos que, el hecho de que hubo ciudadanos prominentes de diferentes ciudades griegas que adhirieron al epicureísmo, se sintieron epicúreos y fueron reconocidos como tales, muestra que slogans como “vive oculto” y “no participes en política”, que sugieren un completo apoliticismo por parte de Epicuro y los epicúreos, tergiversan el verdadero sentido del mantenerse alejado de la política contingente. Nuestro texto muestra la interacción entre Epicuro y los epicúreos y las ciudades griegas, a través del análisis de documentos (algunos bien conocidos - como el testamento de Epicuro, que muestra las conexiones del filósofo con la vida de la ciudad -, y otros menos conocidos de carácter epigráfico) relacionados con distintas ciudades antiguas. Si lo que argumentamos es razonable, la idea habitual de que el epicureísmo recomienda la apoliticidad, debe ser desechada.
Deleuze e a escrita: entre a filosofia e a literatura
Authors: Vinci Christian Fernando Ribeiro Guimarães
Published: April 2022

Resumo: Esse ensaio buscará sondar as relações entre filosofia e literatura, no pensamento de Gilles Deleuze, a despeito de sua parceria conjunta com Félix Guattari, atentando tanto para as concepções de escrita expressas ao longo de sua obra quanto para o modo como essas concepções teriam influenciado o estilo de seus escritos filosóficos. Partindo da premissa deleuziana de que a escrita possui um acentuado lastro clínico, sendo a responsável pela elaboração de um diagnóstico das forças capazes de aprisionar ou calar a vida, procurar-se-á esmiuçar as ressonâncias desse lastro clínico, na concepção de filosofia como ato criativo, elaborada pelo autor. Como hipótese a ser aqui trabalhada, defende-se que a escrita deleuziana - compreendida como portadora de uma literalidade, conforme sustenta François Zourabchivili, ou como encrustada de uma poética imanentista, tal qual sugere Anita Costa Malufe - procuraria produzir uma zona de vizinhança ou indiscernibilidade entre a escrita filosófica, de caráter mais exegético, e a escrita literária, mais afectiva, de modo a produzir um deslocamento na relação do leitor com o ato de pensar.
Oferta e demanda de procedimentos atribuíveis ao diabetes mellitus e suas complicações no Brasil
Authors: Muzy Jéssica , Campos Monica Rodrigues , Emmerick Isabel , Sabino Raulino
Published: April 2022

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma metodologia de monitoramento dos procedimentos preconizados no protocolo de atenção ao paciente diabético a partir do indicador de razão entre a oferta e a demanda de exames, segundo nível nacional, macrorregiões, UF e municípios. A prevalência de diabetes mellitus (DM) e suas complicações foi estimada a partir de modelo multinomial. A oferta de procedimentos para DM foi obtida a partir do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais (SIA/SUS) e a demanda a partir do número de exames definidos no protocolo como necessários por ano, segundo categorias de risco da doença. A partir disso foi criado o indicador de razão entre oferta e demanda. A inovação que ora apresentamos consiste em analisar conjuntamente a demanda por cuidado ao diabético segundo parâmetros estabelecidos e a oferta de serviços de saúde. A conexão entre o protocolo de tratamento preconizado e a existência do serviço ofertado em relação da demanda de cuidado baseada na prevalência da doença disponibiliza uma ferramenta chave de monitoramento. E, quando analisado conjuntamente ao indicador de razão entre oferta e demanda de procedimentos, essas medidas tornam-se proxy da qualidade da prevenção e atenção ao portador da doença.
Physical intimate partner violence and dietary patterns in pregnancy: a Brazilian cohort
Authors: Vaz Juliana dos Santos , Souza Maria Eduarda Monteiro da Cunha de , Valério Inae Dutra , Silva Manoela Teixeira da , Freitas-Vilela Ana Amélia , Bierhals Isabel Oliveira , Hasselmann Maria Helena , Kac Gilberto
Published: April 2022

Abstract Little is known about the repercussions of intimate partner violence (IPV) on nutritional outcomes in pregnancy, especially regarding diet. The aim was to investigate whether the occurrence of physical IPV at any time during pregnancy is associated with gestational dietary patterns. 161 adult pregnant women were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Overall and severe physical IPV were measured to evaluate IPV at any time during pregnancy. Three gestational dietary patterns (“Healthy”, “Common-Brazilian”, and “Processed”) were established by principal component analysis. The effect of physical IPV was tested in relation to the score of adherence to each of the dietary patterns. The occurrence of overall and severe physical IPV at any time during pregnancy was 20.4% and 6.8%, respectively. Women living in intimate relationships in which overall and severe physical IPV occurred had an average increase of 0.604 units (95%CI 0.149-1.058) and 1.347 units (95%CI 0.670-2.024), respectively, in the Processed dietary pattern adherence score. No association with “Healthy” and “Common-Brazilian” dietary patterns was observed. Physical IPV was associated with greater adherence to a dietary pattern of lower nutritional quality.
13 anos depois: diálogos sobre a Interrupção Voluntária da Gestação em Portugal
Authors: Barretto Raquel Silva , Duarte Madalena , Figueiredo Ana Elisa Bastos
Published: April 2022

Resumo A Lei 16/2007 representou um marco na luta pelos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das cidadãs portuguesas, instituindo a possibilidade da exclusão da ilicitude para as interrupções voluntárias da gestação, realizadas até a décima semana, por solicitação das mulheres. Através de uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica, objetivou-se conhecer a opinião das cidadãs e de investigadoras (atuantes na causa), frente a esse processo e às transformações que dele decorreram, com ênfase no contexto atual. Entre março e setembro de 2020 foram realizadas 12 entrevistas, divididas em duas etapas. Ao serem precedidas as técnicas da Análise de Discurso, chegou-se à existência de alguns pontos frágeis, como a incerteza sobre o acesso, a presença de julgamentos e as limitações interpostas pela objeção da consciência, que refletem as necessidades de ampliação das semanas gestacionais permitidas para a interrupção. Houve um reconhecimento quanto à segurança nos procedimentos, na liberdade das mulheres diante das suas escolhas, na maior abertura para o diálogo, fato este que contribuiu conjuntamente com o reforço no planejamento familiar. Para além dessas construções, novas demandas foram situadas.
Cardiovascular risk behavior among industrial workers in the Northeast of Brazil: a cluster analysis
Authors: Clark Sabrina Gomes Ferreira , Guilherme Ruth Cavalcanti , Motter Fabiane Raquel , Vasconcelos Fábio Nogueira de , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de , Canuto Raquel
Published: April 2022

Abstract This research aimed to investigate the occurrence of clusters of cardiovascular risk behaviors and their association with social demographic and occupational characteristics in a population of industrial workers in the metropolitan area of Recife, Brazil. It was a transversal study with 727 workers of both genders. We identified cluster distribution from the variables: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and waist circumference, by a combination of hierarchical and non-hierarchical analysis. We later tested the association with the social demographic and occupational variables with a multi-varied analysis. We have identified a protection cluster (sufficient physical activity, moderate alcohol consumption) and a risk cluster (high waist circumference, sedentarism, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption). The protection cluster was positively associated with night shift or variable shift work (RP: 1.66, IC95%: 1.26-2.17), and the risk cluster was associated with women (RP: 1.15, IC95%: 1.01-1.31). Cluster analysis allowed to identify that, for day shift workers and women, the shortest daytime outside the work environment can influence the adoption of cardiovascular risk behaviors.
Mortality surveillance in Brazil: factors associated with certification of unspecified external cause of death
Authors: Soares Filho Adauto Martins , Duarte Elisabeth , Adair Tim , Bermúdez Ximena Pamela Díaz , Merchan-Hamann Edgar
Published: April 2022

Abstract This article aims to analyze the association between characteristics of death - type of certifier and place of death - and the odds of an external cause death being certified as unspecified in Brazil. Cross-sectional study of deaths due to external causes from the Mortality Information System, 2017. Unspecified external cause (UEC) is the outcome variable in the models. Type of certifier physician, place of death and the interaction of these variables were the explanatory variables. Confounders were controlled by multiple logistic regression. UEC were the initial underlying cause for 22% of the 159,720 deaths from external causes in Brazil and 31% of hospital deaths issued by coroners. After adjustment for confounders, the odds of UEC in a hospital death certified by a coroner was 98% greater (OR=1.98; 95%CI: 1.53; 2.56) than in a home/street death issued by another certifier. This was greater than the odds for certifications by coroners (OR=1.23; 95%CI: 1.14; 1.33) and hospital deaths (OR=1.44; 95%CI: 1.32; 1.58). External causes certified by coroners and/or occurring in hospitals have a higher presence of UEC than other deaths; and indicate the need for coordinated initiatives by the health and public security sectors.
Desafios da Avaliação Psicológica para a Prática diante da Atuação Profissional Mediada pela Tecnologia de Informação
Authors: Muniz Monalisa , Cardoso Lucila Moraes , Rueda Fabián J. M. , Noronha Ana Paula Porto
Published: April 2022

Resumo Objetivou-se refletir sobre os desafios para a prática da Avaliação Psicológica mediada pelas Tecnologias de Informação e Desenvolvimento da Comunicação (TIDCs). Este trabalho teórico foi norteado por três pontos, a saber, as TIDCs como ferramentas que perpassam o funcionamento da sociedade; o aumento exponencial do uso e a regulamentação das TIDCs na prática da avaliação psicológica; e as limitações, potencialidades e possibilidades de ações para qualificar a prática mediada pelas TIDCs. Duas ações foram pensadas, sendo elas a importância de realizar uma pesquisa nacional com a categoria e a sociedade sobre a percepção do processo e dos resultados da avaliação psicológica por meio das TIDcs e a necessidade de repensar a formação básica e continuada das psicólogas para o desenvolvimento de competências que possibilitem uma prática ética, técnica, científica e crítica sobre a avaliação psicológica mediada pelas TIDCs.
Adaptation of the Teacher Emotions Scales (TES) to the Brazilian context
Authors: Moreira Tatiana , Faiad Cristiane , Jesuíno Ana Deyvis Santos Araújo , Lima-Costa Ariela Raissa , Frenzel Anne C.
Published: April 2022

Abstract Emotions are complex psychobiological reactions, articulating motivational patterns, an impulse for action, and physiological changes. The aim was to adapt and validate a self-report instrument for the assessment of teachers’ emotions in a Brazilian context. We propose the adaptation of the Teacher Emotions Scales (TES) - developed in German and translated to English -, which assesses teachers’ enjoyment, anger, and anxiety. Eight specialists translated and back-translated the scale in and from both English and German. Participants were 410 teachers and professors, who also answered the Affect Scale (AS) and the Work Burnout Inventory (WBI). Exploratory factorial analysis found three factors (enjoyment, ω = .88, anxiety, ω = .67, and anger, ω = .81), as in the original scale. We also found meaningful correlations between the dimensions of the scales and the AS and WBI subscales. Adapting this scale will contribute to current research on teacher emotions in Brazil.
¿Puede ser evaluado el pensamiento crítico de forma breve?
Authors: Saiz Carlos , Almeida Leandro S. , Rivas Silvia F.
Published: April 2022

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación ha sido validar una versión breve de la prueba completa de pensamiento crítico (PC) PENCRISAL, en español y portugués. Aquí se presenta la primera. Esta versión breve consta de 2 factores, con 3 ítems cada uno. Un factor evalúa argumentación general, y el otro las formas de razonamiento más empleadas a diario. Además, ambos factores evalúan indirectamente la toma de decisiones y la solución de problemas, gracias a la naturaleza de los ítems, en los que se plantean problemas cotidianos que se deben resolver y, en ocasiones, hay que tomar decisiones. El análisis factorial confirmatorio nos ofrece índices de ajuste adecuados que avalan la estructura de la versión breve del test presentado. Los coeficientes de fiabilidad y validez son razonablemente robustos, lo que hace que esta prueba sirva a los objetivos de investigación establecidos.
Encarceramento e desencarceramento no Brasil: a audiência de custódia como espaço de disputa
Authors: Azevedo Rodrigo Ghiringhelli de , Sinhoretto Jacqueline , Silvestre Giane
Published: April 2022

Resumo A população carcerária brasileira cresce de forma ininterrupta no período pós-Constituição de 1988. O percentual de presos provisórios é elevado. Considerando que nesse período foram ampliadas as possibilidades de aplicação de penas e medidas alternativas, supõe-se a coexistência entre a prisão e as alternativas ao cárcere. O artigo analisa dados coletados em pesquisa nacional sobre Audiências de Custódia, que permitem discutir tensões e funcionamento recíproco de medidas descarcerizantes e mentalidade punitiva. Por meio de análise de observação direta das audiências e entrevistas com os operadores do direito, reflete-se sobre padrões de escolha e mecanismos de seletividade que, por hipótese, se relacionam às concepções dos operadores jurídicos acerca do crime, do criminoso e da punição. São analisadas as mentalidades institucionais no campo jurídico relacionadas com opções de política criminal e os seus reflexos na tomada de decisão judicial, aprofundando possibilidades teóricas de interpretação desses dados.
Le populisme comme modèle de “démocratie polarisée” : la théorie du populisme de Pierre Rosanvallon à l’aune du débat contemporain
Authors: Cunha Diogo , Cassimiro Paulo Henrique Paschoeto
Published: April 2022

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner la contribution de Pierre Rosanvallon à la compréhension du populisme. Pour ce faire, nous adoptons deux approches : la première, internaliste, consiste à analyser Le Siècle du populisme et l’articuler à sa théorie des mutations de la démocratie contemporaine (2006-2015) ; la seconde consiste à confronter ce même livre avec des œuvres d’autres auteurs sur le sujet. Dans une première partie, nous analysons Le Siècle du populisme en privilégiant les deux aspects qui nous semblent les plus originaux: la typologie des « démocraties limites », ses formes de dégradation et sa critique du populisme. Dans la seconde partie, nous articulons ce travail à sa théorie des mutations contemporaines de la démocratie. Dans la troisième, nous examinons comment cet auteur pense le populisme en interaction avec la démocratie et en parallèle avec trois des principales lectures contemporaines sur le sujet : celle de Nadia Urbinati, dans le champ de la théorie démocratique, et celles d’Ernesto Laclau et de Chantal Mouffe, deux des principaux théoriciens du « populisme de gauche », objet de la critique de Rosanvallon. Nous concluons que ce qui différencie sa contribution à l’étude du populisme c’est la portée de sa théorie, qui est en mesure d’incorporer tensions et complexités, et qui offre une issue par rapport aux ambigüités théoriques des études précédentes sur le populisme.
Economic valuation of selected ecosystem services in Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan
Authors: Hassan M. , Hussain M. , Ali A. , Rehman F. , Tabassum A. , Amin M. , Usman N. , Bashir S. , Raza G. , Yousaf A. , Shaukat S. , Shah S. W. A.
Published: April 2022

Abstract Payment for ecosystem services (PES) is a mechanism where a consumer is able and ready to pay for the protection of the precise ecosystem service and there must be a provider such as local societies receiving an economic resource, who in return, must have the ability to maintain that ecosystem service. Economic valuation provides basis for payment for ecosystem services. Therefore, objective of this study was to evaluate tourism and carbon stock services of the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan. Two forest zones (Chirpine and Scrub) of Islamabad capital territory (ICT) were selected for estimation of carbon stock and their carbon credits and carbon worth, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted for tourism as a payment for ecosystem services. The method for carbon stock assessment was systematic sampling for Chirpine forest whereas random sampling was done for scrub forest. The size of sampling plot was 17.84 m radius, and a total of 93 plots (49 Scrub zone and 44 Chirpine zone) was taken in the study area. The carbon stock of both zones (Chirpine and Scrub zone) is 22556.75 ton/ha (Chirpine 20105.79, Scrub 2450.96) and total carbon dioxide sequestered by both zone is 82557.72 ton/ha (Chirpine 73587.2, Scrub 8970.52), total carbon credits of both zone is 302160.87 (Chirpine 269328.97, Scrub 32831.9) and the carbon worth of both Chirpine and scrub zone is 4532418.92 $ (Chirpine 4039937.09$, Scrub 492481.83$). Similarly, from tourism point of view, in Shakar Parian, 94% tourists were agreed for PES whereas 6% were disagreed for the PES (the 6% tourist were disagreed to contribute for PES, 40% were agreed for Rs.5 contribution and 54% for Rs.10.). moreover, in Lake view Park, 97% tourists were agreed and 3% are disagreed (In Lake View Park 5% tourists were disagreed for the PES contribution whereas 32% were agreed for Rs.5 and 63% were for Rs.10). In Damen e Koh, around 87% tourist were agreed and 13% were disagreed, (24% were agreed for the contribution of Rs.5 and 63% tourists were agreed for the contribution of Rs.10). In Marghazar Zoo, 93% tourists were agreed (22% were agreed for contribution of Rs.5 and 71% tourist were agreed for contribution of Rs.10) and 7% are disagreed for PES whereas 7% tourists were not agreed for contribution. PES may implement to compensate forest and parks manager to ensure better management of the forests and parks. Due to prime location and scenic beauty of the ICT, it has huge potential for implementation of PES mechanism for sustainable forest management and conservation. Therefore, it is recommended that Capital Development Authority (CDA) Islamabad should devise a plan for implementation of PES in forests and parks of ICT for its sustainable management of recreational and forest resources.
In vitro bacterial probiotic selection from Nannostomus beckfordi, an Amazon ornamental fish
Authors: Lopes E.M. , Silva A.V. , Barros F.A.L. , Santos A.F.L. , Cordeiro C.A.M. , Couto M.V.S. , Paixão P.E.G. , Fujimoto R.Y. , Sousa N.C.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to isolate and select in vitro bacteria with probiotic potential for the Amazon ornamental fish Nannostomus beckfordi. For isolate, twelve fish underwent surgery procedure to remove their intestinal tract, macerate and then inoculate in the plate petri containing de Man Rugosa Sharped Agar (MRS). After bacterial growth (48 hours at 35ºC), selected strains were inoculated in MRS broth and submitted to resistance test with NaCl (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%), pH (4, 5, 6, 8 and 9) and bile salts (5% w/v). Inhibition test against pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas Jandaei was also performed. Within the isolated strains group (23 strains), only six (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6) showed probiotic potential. Strains S1 and S6 showed the greater resistance for NaCl (0.5% and 1%) and pH (5 and 6), but only S1 obtained better results to resist the bile salts. Even against pathogenic bacteria, the S1 showed the best results with inhibition halos greater than 9 mm. In the end, this bacterial strain (S1) was identified as Enterococcus faecium 11037CHB. Thus, this is the first report regarding isolated autochthonous bacterium E. faecium with probiotic potential of N. beckfordi.
Use of automated central lamellar superficial keratectomy in the treatment of chronic pigmentary superficial keratitis in dogs
Authors: Prando F.A.S. , Pereira J.S. , Medeiros R.S. , Balthazar D.A.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Pigmentary superficial keratitis (PSK) is a chronic corneal disorder with different causes, which may include immune-mediated diseases and reactions to ultraviolet rays. This study aimed to evaluate the use of automated central lamellar superficial keratectomy (ACLSK) in the treatment of chronic pigmentary superficial keratitis (CPSK) in dogs. We enrolled 24 animals with CPSK and loss of visual function even after clinical treatment with preserved post-corneal transparent media, and the potential for recovery of visual function after surgical treatment. The microkeratome was positioned on the eye surface, and the central corneal lamellae were obtained after translation. With ACSLC, 21 animals (87.5%) recovered their visual function. In 3 animals (12.5%), the formation of granuloma and posterior central leukoma in the cornea compromised the transparency of the visual axis. This study concludes that ACLSK is a viable surgical alternative for the restoration of visual function in dogs with severe PSK, thus improving their quality of life. The short execution time of this procedure reduces the costs and anesthetic risks.
Cellular components and TGF-β1 content of a closed Tube system for Platelet Rich Plasma acquisition in horse]
Authors: Fantini P. , Jimenez-Aristizabal R. , Iborra A. , Miranda A.L.S. , Maranhão R.P.A. , Leme F.O.P. , Palhares M.S. , Prades M.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed as an agent to accelerate the healing process and stimulate the regenerative capacity of tissues due to its abundance of growth factors. A large variety of kits and protocols are available to obtain PRP by different cell-separation systems. However, the lack of standardization may lead to inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to characterize cellular composition, platelet parameters using the ADVIA 120 flow cytometer, and TGF-β1 concentration from the PRP product obtained through a closed system, using simple centrifugation. Six clinically healthy horses were used in this study. The protocol in the closed system resulted in approximately 1.6-fold higher platelet and approximately 2.0-fold lower white blood cell concentrations in comparison with whole blood values. The evaluated system was efficient in concentrating platelets and in retrieving a small number of leukocytes, using a protocol of single centrifugation at low speed.
Interference of natural extract from Jatobá (Hymenaea martiana Hayne) with the physico-chemical characteristics and yield of goat milk and cheese
Authors: Silva V.O. , Mesquita R.V.S.C. , Machado T.O.X. , Teixeira F.A. , Santos M.C.R. , Coelho M.I.S. , Peixoto R.M. , Costa M.M.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Several studies have assessed the therapeutic potential of natural products against mastitis, but only a few have evaluated the impacts of this alternative therapy on the main properties of milk and dairy products. In this study, we observed how the treatment of mastitis with ethanolic extract of Jatobá (Hymenaea martiana Hayne) influenced the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of coalho cheese. An ointment containing the ethanolic extract was prepared for intramammary use in six dairy goats. The experiment was conducted in three experimental moments. Milking was performed, manually, and both milk and cheese were subjected to physicochemical and sensory tests. No difference was observed (p>0.05) in the physicochemical aspects of milk between the studied groups. The solids-non-fat showed a statistical difference between experimental moments M1 and M2. The protein means varied from 3.33 to 3.62, and there was a statistical difference between the two moments, while the lactose means varied from 4.79 to 5.38%. The physicochemical aspects of cheese remained similar with both treatments. Except for appearance, the sensory characteristics showed no statistical difference. In conclusion, the use of Jatobá extract ointment did not influence the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of goat milk or cheese.
Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) feed affects intake, digestibility and nitrogen retention of ovine fed with ryegrass hay (Lolium multiflorum Lam)
Authors: Machado M.C. , Corrêa M.N. , Kozloski G.V. , Oliveira L. , Brauner C.C. , Barbosa A.A. , Cardoso K.B. , Del Pino F.A.B.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate sweet potato feed as an alternative energy supplement for ovine. A latin-square design was used to assess the effects of feeding the animals 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% their body weight in sweet potato as well as ryegrass hay (Lolium multiflorum) twice daily, mineral salt and water ad libitum. During this study 8 males were housed in metabolic cages with urine and feces collectors. Each round of experimentation consisted of 14 days adaptation followed by 5 days evaluating the diet, left-overs, feces, and urine to determine intake, digestibility, and nitrogen retention. The results show a linear increase in intake of ryegrass hay, FDN, DM and OM because of the increasing supplementation levels. Similarly, we observed a linear increase in DM and OM intake, as well as in the OM digestibility. Additionally, BP digestibility decreased considering nitrogen excretion. In conclusion, sweet potato feed is a viable alternative for ovine receiving ryegrass hay since it increased DM and OM digestibility, albeit reducing NDF and BP digestibility.
Short-term effects of Whole-Body Vibration on clinical, cardiac, and ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) parameters of healthy younger and older adult male non-athletic crossbreed dogs
Authors: Silva B.M. , Rahal S.C. , Filippi M.G. , Aleixo A.S.C. , Codognoto V. , Tsunemi M. , Viegas C.A.A , Santos I.F.C
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of WBV in clinical, cardiac, and ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) parameters of healthy young and aged male non-athletic dogs. Fourteen dogs were divided into two groups of seven animals: Group I (GI) - young dogs (12.0 and 84.0 months old); Group II (GII) - aged dogs (above 84.0 months old). Dogs were submitted to a single session of WBV (frequencies of 30 and 50 Hz), for 15-min. Variations were identified in the thickness of the interventricular septum and thickness of the left ventricle-free wall values: GI < GII at 5-min before the session. The diameter of the left atrium values showed a difference: GI < GII at 5-min before and 1-min after the session; and a decrease in GII between 5-min before and 1 min after the WBV. Several ambulatory electrocardiography (Holter) parameters demonstrated significant differences between both groups and time-points. A single session of WBV at frequencies of 30 and 50 Hz during 15-min by using a vibrating platform that delivered a vortex wave circulation did not induce significant changes in clinical, cardiac, and ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) parameters in healthy young and aged dogs.
Morphological and morphometric characterization of the preputial ostium, internal preputial leaflet, and free part of the penises of Aberdeen Angus and Nellore bulls
Authors: Freitas V.M. , Rabelo R.E. , Assis B.M. , Baó S.N. , Garcia Neto A.F. , Oliveira L.P. , Jesus L.O. , Helfenstein K.K. , Vulcani V.A.S.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT The morphological characteristics of the external genitalia of the bull may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of preputial diseases that trigger the impotence coeundi and losses in farms. The goal of this study was to establish morphometric parameters of the preputial ostium, the internal preputial leaflet (IPL), the free part and glans of the penis; describe the histological characteristics of the IPL; perform a count of the preputial sebaceous glands and compare these variables between 24-month-old Aberdeen Angus and Nellore bulls. At the slaughterhouse, 20 preputial pieces were collected from each breed. A device composed of base, rod, ring, and funnel was designed to hold each suspended and distended part. The IPL, the free part of the penis and the glans were measured. The ostium diameter was measured, and the radius, perimeter, and area of the preputial ostium were calculated. Samples were collected from the dorsal and ventral regions and from the cranial, medial, and caudal portions of the IPL. By electronic and optical microscopy, IPL characterization and sebaceous gland counts were performed. Analysis of variance was performed using the F test at 5%. It was concluded that Nellore bulls have a more extensive IPL and free part of the penis and more preputial sebaceous glands than Aberdeen Angus bulls. In both breeds, there are more glands in the ventral region of the ostium.
Molecular characterization of Kappa-casein and β-lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian Black cattle and Holstein breeds
Authors: Bayraktar M.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin are important candidate genes associated with milk yield and milk protein content. The present investigation is carried out to determine the polymorphisms status of κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin genes in Anatolian Black cattle and Holstein breeds. PCR-RFLP technique was used to determine Kappa-Casein and β-lactoglobulin polymorphisms in both cattle breeds. The allele frequency of Anatolian Black cattle in terms of κ-Cn and β-lactoglobulin genes were 0.50 (A) 0.50 (B) and 0.20 (A) 0.80 (B) respectively, whereas in Holstein were 0.29 (A) 0.71 (B) and 0.44 (A) 0.56 (B) respectively. The chi-square test showed that each cattle breed was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05).
Evaluation of maternal antibodies against rabies in puppies and kittens in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Authors: Aghabeigi P. , Khaksar E. , Bokaie S.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Rabies is a critical zoonotic high-risk disease, which has emerged as an important public-health problem. There are limited investigations that explore maternally derived antibody (MDA) in puppies and kittens from around the world. Furthermore, there is no such research in any province of Iran. This study measured the serum level of MDA in 10 puppies and their vaccinated bitches (n=20), 10 puppies and their unvaccinated bitches (n=20), 10 kittens with vaccinated queens and 10 kittens with unvaccinated queens. Antibodies against rabies were measured using quantitative, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results showed that 90% (9 out of 10) of puppies from vaccinated bitches were positive for anti-rabies antibodies, while test results for all puppies from non-vaccinated bitches were negative (P=0.001). Moreover, puppies’ titers were significantly higher in the vaccinated group than the non-vaccinated group (P=0.003). There was a similar condition between vaccinated and non-vaccinated bitches (P=0.008). Although kittens’ titers were significantly higher in the vaccinated group than the non-vaccinated group (P=0.03), only 20 percent of the kittens with vaccinated queens showed positive results, while all kittens from non-vaccinated queens were negative for anti-rabies antibodies (P=0.137).
O Cuidado além do Reparo
Authors: Drotbohm Heike
Published: April 2022

Resumo Importar-se com os outros e cuidar dos outros - sejam outras pessoas, coletividades, plantas, animais ou o clima - é um ato cotidiano e recorrente. Em algum momento da vida, quase todos os seres humanos precisam ser cuidados, são cuidados e, por fim, cuidam. Na antropologia, a noção crítica de cuidado constitui uma ferramenta analítica para considerar seriamente as contingências da vida e para compreender os modos como as pessoas atribuem sentido a diferentes tipos de atos, atitudes e valores. Este artigo argumenta que a dimensão normativa do conceito é parte de um binarismo cultural que hierarquiza o mundo de acordo com esferas da existência às quais são atribuídos valores distintos. Concentrando-se nesta normatividade como algo intrínseco à noção, o artigo estabelece uma distinção entre três campos empíricos complementares: o cuidado como reprodução social (globalizada), o cuidado como assimetria institucionalizada, e o cuidado para além do excepcionalismo humano. Fica claro que o cuidado oscila entre duas perspectivas distintas, produzindo uma tensão específica: por um lado, o conceito de cuidado apresenta uma dimensão protetora e conservadora ligada ao passado, por outro, incorpora uma dimensão transformativa por meio de suas noções de desenvolvimento, progresso e aprimoramento. Para ir além de nossa própria concepção (potencial ou inevitavelmente) acadêmica, eurocêntrica ou humanocêntrica da noção de cuidado, este ensaio sugere levar “o cuidado além do reparo”: podemos fazê-lo, em primeiro lugar, indagando qual é o papel da pesquisa nesta ética da diferenciação e, em seguida, identificando perspectivas e posicionalidades as quais, à primeira vista, parecem indistintas ou desarticuladas e, por isso, desafiam categorias já familiares de avaliação e distinção. Encarado desta maneira, o cuidado além do reparo nos chama a atenção para o fazer e o desfazer da existência humana.
QUE VALORES ESTÃO NA MODA? ACHADOS MUITO ALÉM DO EFÊMERO
Authors: MELLO SÉRGIO CARVALHO BENÍCIO DE , LEÃO ANDRÉ LUIZ MARANHÃO DE SOUZA , SOUZA NETO ARCANJO FERREIRA DE
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O que faz uma marca ser desejada? Várias são as evidências de que os consumidores escolhem marcas que tenham valores congruentes com os seus. Baseado nessa perspectiva, este trabalho objetiva descobrir os valores das marcas, tomando como referência o conceito de personalidade de marca. Para isso, foi utilizada a lista de valores (LOV) na avaliação de duas marcas de moda. Uma amostra de 296 respondentes foi consultada. Os dados indicaram uma orientação similar da percepção dos valores, sendo que um mesmo valor foi o mais importante para as duas marcas pesquisadas. Além disso, foram descobertas novas dimensões de agrupamento dos valores apresentados na LOV. Conclusões e implicações gerenciais são também discutidas.
SERVIÇO DIFERENCIADO A CLIENTES ON-LINE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR DE TELECOMUNICAÇÕES
Authors: GUILHOTO LÚCIA DE FÁTIMA MARTINS
Published: April 2022

RESUMO No contexto competitivo atual é impossível negar a importância da tecnologia para o desempenho das empresas em seus respectivos mercados de atuação. Novos desafios apresentam-se com freqüência e intensidade crescentes, potencializados por uma rede de mudanças ambientais, políticas, econômicas e tecnológicas que pressionam a empresa a assumir novas posturas e procurar novos meios de se diferenciar de seus concorrentes. A Internet é, hoje, umas das ferramentas que as empresas têm à sua disposição para fazer frente aos novos desafios apresentados pelo mercado, tendo se configurado em um meio bastante interessante de compartilhamento de conhecimento dentro das empresas e destas com o mundo exterior. Devido ao seu custo bem menor do que o das redes de comunicação privada, ela constitui um meio alternativo para que as empresas possam se comunicar com seus clientes, expandir seus mercados de atuação e estabelecer relacionamentos mais próximos com eles. Por isso, essa ferramenta foi escolhida para ser o objeto de um estudo de caso realizado junto à Telefónica, que será apresentado neste artigo.
Consumption of differently processed food by public school adolescents
Authors: MELO Adriana Soares Torres , NEVES Felipe Silva , NETTO Michele Pereira , OLIVEIRA Renata Maria Souza , FONTES Vanessa Sequeira , CÂNDIDO Ana Paula Carlos
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective To characterize food consumption, considering the degree of industrial food processing by public schools’ adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study involving adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, of both genders, attending public schools in Juiz de Fora, MG. Food consumption was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Foods were classified into three groups according to the degree of industrial processing: (1) unprocessed foods or minimally processed foods, culinary ingredients and preparations based on these foods; (2) processed foods; (3) ultra-processed foods. In addition, weight and height information was collected, with subsequent calculation of body mass index/age to assess the individuals’ nutritional status according to the gender. Pearson’s chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed, adopting a value of p<0.05. Results The sample consisted of 804 adolescents, with a predominance of females (57.5%). In the sample, 29.9% and 26.1%, of girls and boys, respectively, were overweight. There was a difference in the daily consumption of ready-made sweet-tasting foods, being higher in females (26.2%) when compared to males (18.1%), whereas the consumption of soft drinks (one to four times a week) was 47.2% and 55.6% in girls and boys, respectively (p<0.05). Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was observed in females (p=0.02) and processed foods in males (p=0.008). Conclusion There was a high contribution of ultra-processed foods in the diet of adolescents in public schools; a high prevalence of overweight was observed in both genders.
Spatiotemporal pattern of the incidence of tuberculosis and associated factors
Authors: Sousa George Jó Bezerra , Monte Geraldo Lucas Alves , Sousa Davi Gomes , Maranhão Thatiana Araujo , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of tuberculosis incidence and its associated factors. Methods: Ecological study, which used tuberculosis notifications during 2001-2017 and as units of analysis the municipalities of the state of Ceará of the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Time pattern analysis techniques and geographically weighted regression were used. Results: The gross incidence rate in the state reached a peak of 226.1/100 thousand inhabitants with a significant decrease of 1.9% per year (95%CI −3.0–−0.7). The main clusters were identified in Fortaleza and its metropolitan region, as well as in the Sobral region. The socioeconomic indicators that were associated with the incidence were: occupation in the agricultural sector and services, population in households with bathrooms and running water and vulnerable to poverty. Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in the incidence of the disease in the state of Ceará. The spatial clusters were mostly located in areas with high population and the indicators most related to the formation of spatial clusters were related to employment/income, housing and vulnerability.
TEACHING IN DISTANCE EDUCATION: SUBJECTIVATION PROCESSES
Authors: Sardi Rafaela Garcia , Carvalho Paulo Roberto de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT The present study was produced to investigate how university professors experienced the transition from on-site higher education to teaching in distance education, focusing on teaching subjectivity in the variations resulting from the new work situation. Methodologically, it is a qualitative research conducted by semi-structured interviews and which adopted the case study as a strategy, aiming at the detailed characterization of the changes produced in the ways of working. The discussion of the results revealed the huge gap between classroom teaching and distance education which evidenced the adoption of maintenance insertion strategies in the new working conditions. The professors’ subjectivation processes were evidenced, as well as the control procedures that start to focus on the teaching work in the new modality. As a provisional conclusion, the disappearance of the face-to-face relationship and the precariousness of teaching work were highlighted.
DEFININDO AS LINHAS DO IMPÉRIO: CONCEPÇÕES DE TERRITÓRIO NA TRANSIÇÃO DA INDEPENDÊNCIA. BRASIL, DÉCADA DE 1820
Authors: Gregório Vitor Marcos
Published: April 2022

Resumo O processo de construção e consolidação de qualquer Estado nacional moderno passa, necessariamente, pela definição de seu território. Definição que não se esgota nos aspectos geográficos da questão, por si sós dotados da complexidade inerente à delimitação de fronteiras mais ou menos precisas destinadas a separar um “nós” que se apresenta como civilizado e desejável, de um “eles” frequentemente associado à barbárie e ao atraso. Espaço de atuação exclusiva de uma soberania nacional, o território estatal do século XIX traz em si uma série de problemas práticos e teóricos que influenciaram diretamente na criação dos aparatos governamentais oitocentistas, e que podem oferecer oportunidades únicas de compreensão destes e de sua constituição. Federação ou regime centralizado; parâmetros de divisão das províncias ou estados; formas de governo das partes constituintes do território nacional. Eis algumas das escolhas centrais que precisaram ser feitas ao longo do processo de constituição dos Estados modernos e que, ao se voltarem para determinadas concepções de organização territorial, dizem muito sobre a ideia que as sociedades que os forjaram tinham de si e dos outros no momento histórico em que decidiram constituir uma comunidade nacional autônoma e, de alguma forma, diferente das demais.
Physical activity for a meaningful and purposeful life in typical adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abaoğlu Hatice , Doğu Selma Ercan
Published: April 2022

Abstract Introduction Physical activity is a part of life and an essential element for health and well-being. Investigating the meaning and purpose that physical activity adds to life will guide occupation-based interventions. Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity level and meaning and purpose in life in typical adults. Method The study included a total of 300 typical adults (181 female, 119 male). Demographic characteristics of the participants, such as age, gender, and educational status, were recorded. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Life Attitude Profile-Revised, and the Purpose in Life Test were used as measurement tools. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyse the relationship between nonparametric variables. Results A weak positive correlation was found between the physical activity total scores, meaning in life sub-scores and total scores (r=0.25, p<0.01), and purpose in life total scores (r=0.16, p<0.01). Conclusion Our findings revealed that people engaging in more physical activity had a sense of meaning and purpose in life. Physical activity must take place in occupational therapy practices as an occupation that adds meaning and purpose to an individual's life. Further research is needed on this subject.