bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Еволюція поглядів на методику формування в учнів уявлень про електромагнітне поле
Authors: Коновал Олександр , Єчкало Юлія
Published: April 2022

Наукова розробка окремих питань методики викладання фі­зики фактично розпочалася в нашій країні в останній чверті XIX ст. і продовжується й досі. Кожний розділ шкіль­ного курсу фізики зазнав багатьох змін щодо змісту навчаль­ного матеріалу, порядку та форм його викладання, але найбільша кількість дискусій стосується методики викладання електромагнітних явищ.
Актуальні питання астрономії та методики її навчання. Збірник задач з прикладами розв’язування
Authors: Білинський І. , Лешко Р.
Published: April 2022

Щоб урахувати світоглядну та пізнавальну мету астрономії при лімітованому числу годин на її вивчення, перед студентами ставляться узагальнені проблеми й питання. Відповіді на ці питання потребують не тільки відтворення готових суджень і висновків з підручників або оголошених викладачем, а й творчих пошуків і зусиль, глибинного розуміння суті явищ, уміння практично застосовувати отримані знання. Самостійно опрацьовуючи завдання та питання, студент зможе порівняти власні результати й висновки з готовими відповідями, що подані у збірнику. Широко застосовуються завдання, що пов’язані з вимірюваннями на рисунках, задачі-рисунки та різноманітний ілюстративний матеріал. У зв’язку з цим навчальний процес безпосередньо зближує студентів до реальних об’єктів пізнання, допомагає сформувати сучасний науковий світогляд, унаочнюючи всі теоретичні висновки. Цей посібник сприятиме закріпленню і перевірці знань, створення проблемних ситуацій на занятті виступатиме засобом мотивації до поглибленого самостійного вивчення астрономії. Значна увага у посібнику приділено таким поняттям як мале космічне тіло, планета, зоря, галактика. Метою запропонованого посібника є розширення та поглиблення знань студентів про базові поняття астрономії шляхом розв’язування задач з відповідних розділів астрономі. На початку кожного параграфу подано основні відомості теоретичного характеру, які дають змогу пригадати важливі закони та поняття відповідного розділу астрономії, виписано головні формули, які застосовуються при розв’язуванні конкретних задач. Далі йдуть приклади розв’язування типових задач. Кожний параграф закінчується задачами для самостійного розв’язування. До більшості задач подано відповіді.
Новотворення іменників з процесуальним значенням
Authors: Віняр Г. М.
Published: April 2022

Проаналізовано новотворення іменників з процесуальним значенням. Тенденція до зростання загальної кількості віддієслівних іменників - назв дій вплинула на регулярність словотвірних типів з дериваторами -ння, -ізація ( -изація), зумовила процеси перебудови у відношеннях мотивації. Оскільки іменники вказаної структури є синтаксичними дериватами дієслів, а останні в сучасному новотворенні мотивуються іменними основами, спостерігається процес об'єднання двох словотвірних актів - лексичної деривації дієслів і синтаксичної деривації на їх основі іменників з процесуальним значенням.
Семантичні особливості фразеологізмів на позначення часу в українській мові
Authors: Цегельська М. В.
Published: April 2022

Розглянуто специфіку темпоральних фразеологічних одиниць в українській мові. Акцентовано особливу увагу на те, що за допомогою фразеологічних одиниць можна влучно та виразно охарактеризувати часові періоди. Розкрито семантичні особливості фразеологізмів на позначення часу в українській мові.
On technological cycles in global economy
Authors: Knyazev Yuri
Published: April 2022

The paper describes different authors’ opinions on technology cycles typology and evaluates the concept of three megacycles under capitalism. Some attractive aspects of this concept (its large historical context, coordination of technological innovations with foreign trade and industrial policy) and its questionable points (rigid connection of each megacycle with only one country-leader and narrow-minded understanding of three waves in each megacycle) are stated. The author gives his own characteristic of a technological megacycle and of the three waves inside it (scientific research, innovative production, perfection of mass products sale infrastructure) as well as of the influence of technological progress on social evolution.
ТОРГОВЕЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ВІДНОСИНИ УКРАЇНИ ТА РЕСПУБЛІКИ ПОЛЬЩА (1991–2021 РР.)
Authors: Губицький Любомир Володимирович , Мельник Ганна Мирославівна
Published: April 2022

Метою статті є аналіз еволюції торговельної політики України та Польщі від періоду переходу до ринкової економіки та в умовах функціонування ринкових законів. Серед методів використано системний для вивчення польської політичної опінії щодо вигідності та перспективності взаємовигідної торгівлі, компаративний аналіз результатів української та польської зовнішньоекономічної діяльності з врахуванням вимог польського (як складового загальноєвропейського), українського законодавства. ПроаналізованопозиціюПольщіщодозміннапрямуукраїнськогостратегічногоспівробітництва (багатовекторності). Доведено, що для України Польща є країною великих очікувань. Офіційний Київ прагне відчутної допомоги від Польщі у протистоянні з Росією. Перемога України означатиме для Польщі покращення безпекової та зовнішньоекономічної ситуації. Наразі саме український кордон є рубежем від експансії Російської Федерації, тому оптимальним для Польщі стане розширення Європейського Союзу та НАТО на Схід задля здобуття нових ринків збуту та джерел сировини.

Зроблено висновок, що у польських політиків є розуміння, що просування польської продукції в Україну означатиме зростання м’якої сили на стан прихильності українського суспільства. Зроблено рекомендації, що активні кроки офіційної Варшави щодо зростаючої інвестиційної зацікавленості на українському ринку призвели б до практичного втілення важливих польських національних інтересів. Виділено, що реалізація української експортної політики залежить від стратегій гравців європейського та польського ринків.

В умовах російсько-українського конфлікту та анексії Криму польська політика активного торговельного співробітництва сприймається українськими можновладцями як проамериканська, тому офіційний Київ прагне залучити Польщу до вирішення ситуації щодо Північного потоку-2. Отож, Україна та Польща здатні самостійно створити нову якість безпекових та торговельних відносин в Балто-Чорноморсько-Каспійському регіоні, з метою перетворитися на найпотужніших гравців.
PUBLIC POLICIES AND INVESTMENTS FOR MAINSTREAMING SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT IN TURKEY
Authors: TOPÇU Pınar , ERPUL Gunay , DEVİREN SAYGIN Selen
Published: April 2022

The forestry is an important sector that requires serious investment and research that could enable the management of ecosystems and the transformation of goods and services from that ecosystem into high value-added products. Additionally, the forestry refers to a remarkable economic potential for several sectors as well as mining, animal husbandry, plant production. Up to this point, it is intended to analyze the progress of the forestry sector in Turkey in the near term in line with the objectives of sustainable development in current study. In this context, for the sustainable use of resources, the various policy documents to sectoral strategy of the national development plans were examined and forestry investments in 2007-2020 periods were scrutinized in terms of sustainability in the forestry sector of axis in Turkey.
ACTIVITY BASED COSTING METHOD IN DETERMINING UNIT COST OF LITHOTRIPSY FOR TREATMENT OF URINARY BLADDER CALCULUS AT VITA INSANI HOSPITAL PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Andriady Saidi , Girsang Ermi , Nasution Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Published: April 2022

Objective: To determine the unit cost of lithotripsy for treatment of urinary bladder calculus at Vita Insani Hospital Pematangsiantar. Material & Methods: This study is a descriptive quantitative study, in which the data was obtained from the finance division of Vita Insani Hospital. The research object is the unit cost of accommodation that occurs in patients with urinary bladder calculus with lithotripsy cases from January 2020 to December 2020. Results: The unit cost of lithotripsy for urinary bladder calculus services at Vita Insani Hospital Pematangsiantar which is calculated using the activity-based costing (ABC) method is Rp 4.167.009. There is a difference in cost among the ABC method, hospital calculations, and INA CBG’s rates with the following details: the amount calculated for the hospital is Rp 4.996.718, while the calculation using ABC method is Rp 4.167.009; the difference in costs is Rp 829.709. INA CBG’s rates Rp 6.137.500, and compared to calculation of hospital, the difference cost is Rp 1.140.782. Compared to the INA CBG’s rates, to the unit cost of the ABC method, there is a difference, amounting Rp 1.970.491. Conclusion: The results of unit cost lithotripsy for treatment of urinary bladder calculus through the ABC method are lower compared to hospital calculation and INA CBG’s rates.
NECROTIZING FASCIITIS OF THE RIGHT FLANK MIMICKING A XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS PYELONEPHRITIS
Authors: Wibisono Donny Austine , Soebadi Doddy M.
Published: April 2022

Objective: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and serious chronic inflammation of the kidney, manifesting as a granulomatous inflammation of the kidney tissue. It can be life-threatening if not recognized and managed appropriately with antibiotics and surgery. Since there are no single pathognomonic clinical or radiological features, diagnosis requires combining the results of several clinical signs and imaging characteristics. However, determining the disease is oftentimes difficult as other conditions may mimic its characteristics, such as renal cancer, mesoblastic nephroma, renal abscess, and necrotizing fasciitis. Case(s) Presentation: A 45-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department of Soetomo General-Academic Hospital with right flank gangrene and fever for one week. Discussion: The patient was admitted to the hospital with sepsis and poor laboratory result. Computed Tomography (CT) scan results showed nephrolithiasis. The patient was diagnosed with Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and underwent necrotomy in the Emergency Operating theatre. Conclusion: During the operation, necrotizing fasciitis was found in the right flank region instead. The external oblique muscle was intact without any tunneling into the retroperitoneal space. The postoperative care was joined by the Plastic Surgery department.
EFFECTIVITY OF LI-ESWT FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION MANAGEMENT BASED ON EHS AND IIEF-5
Authors: Indra Agung Adhitya , Daryanto Besut , Purnomo Basuki Bambang
Published: April 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of LI-ESWT as therapeutic modality in ED patients. Material & Methods: Erectile Hardness Scales (EHS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores was measured in 22 patients. The observation was performed before therapy started, each therapy session, and each follow-up session. Therapy sessions were carried out once a month for 8 months and follow-up was done once a month for 8 months. Results: There was a significant increase in IIEF-5 scores since the 5th LI-ESWT therapy session (P<0.05, Wilcoxon Test). Also, there’s a significant increase in EHS score in 1 month after LI-ESWT therapy sessions was completed (P=0.05, Wilcoxon Test). Conclusion: There is a significant improvement in the EHS and IIEF-5 score before and after treatment using LI-ESWT. LI-ESWT seems to be a promising future therapy for ED.
Minimum Requirement to Improve Quality before Discharging from Hybrid Red Tilapia Intensive Cage-Culture in Earthen Ponds to the Environment
Authors:   Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Taparhudee Wara , Is-haak Jesada ,   Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Agro-Industry, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Ayutthaya Campus, Ayutthaya 13000, Thailand, Jongjaraunsuk Roongparit ,   Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Published: April 2022

This study determined a practical method to reduce environmental pollution by wastewater from fish ponds. Water quality in three hybrid red tilapia ponds (0.24 ha) was examined before and during harvest at five water depths of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 150 cm, as well as at the water surface and pond bottom. All water samples were analyzed for BOD, TN, TP, TAN, TS, TSS, and SS, with results compared with the Thailand control standard for freshwater aquaculture effluent. All quality parameters of the seven water samples showed statistical significance (p<0.05) that increased with water depth. Degradation was highest in the bottom 50 cm of the fish pond. Limiting drainage to a depth of 50 cm was achieved by tilting the drainage pipe, and the resulting effluent met all water quality parameter standards. At a water depth of 50 cm, the remaining water was drained using a water pump, and all water quality parameters failed to meet the required standards. When this water was allowed to settle for 24 h, BOD, TN, TP, TAN, and TSS reduced to 21.06%, 2.42%, 11.68%, 5.47%, and 43.36% of full pond values, respectively. Results suggested sedimentation as a practical technique requiring a smaller pond area to reduce environmental pollution.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU CARING PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Pragholapati Andria , Gusraeni Selly Afrilianti Dila
Published: April 2022

Tujuan: Peduli adalah sifat interpersonal yang tidak diturunkan melalui gen, tetapi diajarkan melalui pendidikan sebagai budaya profesional. Sikap caring perawat dapat memberikan pelayanan yang bermanfaat, karena meningkatkan kepuasan pasien sehingga dapat meningkatkan kunjungan pasien di rumah sakit.RSUD Majalaya memiliki BOR (Bed Occupation Rate) tahun 2015 sebesar 60-85%. Terdapat 414 pasien yang dirawat di ruang rawat inap Melati, Flamboyanan Cempakain Maret 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sikap caring perawat di ruang RSUD Majalaya tahun 2015. Metode: Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien di ruang Melati, Flamboyan dan Cempaka RSUD Majalaya. Mereka adalah 414 pasien. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah 82 pasien yang terbagi dalam 3 (tiga) ruangan (Melati, Flamboyan dan Cempaka). Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan cluster sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah CBI (Caring Behavior Inventory). Hasil: Hasil Penelitian adalah hampir seluruh responden ruang rawat inap melati RSUD Majalaya menyatakan perilaku caring perawat berada dalam kategori baik. Sebagian besar responden ruang rawat inap flamboyan RSUD Majalaya menyataka perilaku caring perawat berada dalam kategori baik. Sebagian besar responden ruang rawat inap cempaka RSUD Majalaya menyatakan perilaku caring perawat berada dalam kategori baik.. Simpulan: Untuk penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan peneliti mendalami faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap caring perawat dengan tingkat kepuasan klien dengan menggunakan prosedur observasi untuk mencapai hasil yang efisien.
INOVASI PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTYPE ACTUAL LIGHT INFRARED SEEKERS (ALIS) SEBAGAI PEMINDAI PEMBULUH DARAH VENA METAKARPAL
Authors: Heru Heru , Ningsih Nurna , Purwanto Sigit
Published: April 2022

Tujuan: Untuk mengembangkan prototype alat pemindai pembuluh darah vena metakarpal berbasis infra merah dengan membuat realisasi alat, mengetahui prinsip kerja alat, mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pengguna dan kepraktisan alat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Borg & Gall yaitu model pendekatan yang melalui enam tahap dan telah disesuaikan dengan peneliti yaitu Research and information colletion (penelitian dan pengumpulan data), Planning (perencanaan penelitian), Develop preliminary form of product (pengembangan produk awal), Preliminary field testing (uji lapangan terbatas), Main product revision (revisi produk utama) dan Main field testing (uji coba lapangan). Penelitian alat ini dilakukan di CV Azakitronik Palembang. Penelitian ini dimulai dari bulan November 2019 sampai dengan Desember 2020. Untuk pemilihan sampel diambil di 2 tempat berbeda yaitu di Puskesmas Indralaya dan di Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Sriwijaya Indralaya. Hasil: Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah alat pemindai untuk melihat pembuluh darah vena di bagian metakarpal berbasis inframerah, alat ini hanya digenggam satu tangan saja oleh penggunanya. Hasil penelitian didapatkan tingkat kepuasan alat mencapai 89,36% dan tingkat kepraktisan alat mencapai 80,26%. Simpulan: Alat yang dibuat telah cukup baik memindai pembuluh darah vena dibagian metakarpal, pembuluh darah vena terlihat lebih besar, alat mudah digunakan, visualisasi vena terlihat secara real time dan pengguna merasa nyaman saat menggunakan alat.
Risk of Environmental Management in Countries of African Union
Authors: Kuzmin S. B. , Uvarova D. S.
Published: April 2022

A comparative assessment and analysis of risk of environmental management across the African Union has been carried out. It is mainly characterized by two types of natural hazards: lithospheric — earthquakes, volcanism and related processes, and hydrometeorological — droughts, floods, accompanying landslides and soil degradation caused by global climate change and anthropogenic changes in the landscapes. A great hazard for tourist business, which is a basis of economy of island states with high enough level of development, is a sharp rise in the level of World Ocean as a result of melting of glaciers in Antarctica and Greenland. The sector most exposed to natural hazards in the African Union is agriculture, which suffers from soil erosion and degradation, droughts, desertifi cation and landslides. Vast areas of the African continent are at low risk of exploitation because they are uninhabited and undeveloped. Th ese are pristine areas with naturally developed landscapes where extreme natural processes and phenomena certainly occur, but there is simply no one and nothing to affect them. Good disaster resilience is related to the overall high level of economic development of the countries — Seychelles, Mauritius, South Africa, the political will of the governance structures and well-established security systems — Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, and the growing infl uence of private capital in recent years on national disaster protection policies — Nigeria, Ghana, Cape Verde. Countries with low disaster resilience are the poorest countries in the world, with widespread famine, epidemics, forced migration due to ongoing military conflicts and coups d’état, poverty, etc. Correlation and regression analysis for the countries of the African Union has shown the dependence of the risk of environmental management coeffi cient on nominal GDP per capita per year, although the correlation coefficientis rather low. The highest risk is observed in the poorest countries that are unable to cope with natural disasters on their own, where natural hazards are widespread — Ethiopia, Rwanda, Burundi, Somalia and Eritrea. Low risk is ensured in countries with developed economies and eff ective government — Mauritius, South Africa, Algeria, Tunisia, etc.
Efficiency of Financing Transactions of the Real Sector of the Economy with the Use of a Currency Barrier Option in the Conditions of Economic Imbalance 2013—2018
Authors: Sklyarenko V. V. , Ryabov O. V.
Published: April 2022

Goals. A comprehensive author’s study of the eff ectiveness of financing transactions in the real sector of the economy using a currency option with a barrier suspensive condition in conditions of economic imbalance. Assessment of the Russian practice of insuring market risks throughover-the-counter derivative financial instruments. Methods. The study used a mathematical model of Rayner and Rubinstein were used to calculate the fair value of options. Results. The sale of a call option of the «foreign exchange delivery option with a barrier condition» type allows the company to receive an option premium, but at the same time the company assumes an unlimited risk of losses. If the transaction is concluded by the parties for speculative purposes, then the symmetry and balance of the positions is achieved due to the amount of the premium paid by the buyer. The recommendations given in the article on the use of currency barrier options and the assessment of their value will improve the efficiency of market risk management systems in real sector companies. Conclusions. In the period from 2013 to 2018, companies actively used derivative financial instruments in their practice, both for the purpose of hedging or obtaining an option premium, and for the purpose of reducing the cost of ruble financing. Incorrect assessment of their risks, insufficient experience in the use and evaluation of derivatives led to the fact that by the end of 2014—2018, in fact, most of the largest Russian companies suff ered a loss from the use of derivative financial instruments. The competent use of derivatives for the purposes of hedging market risks will allow companies toavoid losses in conditions of increased risk.
Extreme Sound, “Extreme” Lifestyle? Investigating Cattle Decapitation’s Stance on the Human Impact on the Environment and Animal Rights
Authors: Radovanović Bojana
Published: April 2022

With insight into the lyrics and lifestyle choices of some of the
members of the Californian deathgrind band Cattle Decapitation, this
article explores the connection between their extreme sound and the
“extreme” messages in their work. Namely, the band’s current and former
members have been vocal about their stance on animal cruelty and human
impact on the environment, also reflected in the band’s lyrics and imagery.
Their positions are supported by, to use the terms coined by Keith KahnHarris, the utilization of discursive, bodily, as well as sonic transgressions.
With that in mind, the goal of this paper is to examine the ways in which
these transgressions, or rather, forms of “extremism,” collaborate, reinforce,
and strengthen each other. This will be achieved by questioning the points
of contact among the movements concerning political/environmental/
animal rights and the sounds deemed extreme in contemporary society.
ECONOMETRIC MODELING OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DETERMINANT OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION ON THE ECONOMIC CAPACITY OF REGIONS
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Puhach Yurii
Published: April 2022

At the present stage of development of financial decentralization it is extremely important to focus on the factors influencing the economic capacity of regions and communities. Combining and strengthening certain economic levers will certainly contribute to the competitive advantages of the administrative unit. Making sound management decisions at the regional level requires the use of scientifically sound methods. The study of the impact, the relationship of socio-economic factors and gross regional product is becoming increasingly important. The use of econometric methods makes it possible to confirm the hypothesis and establish the level of the relationship between economic development of regions and financial decentralization using a set of indicators. The value and behavior of these parameters depends on many factors, which cannot be fully taken into account. The article proposes improved approaches to determining the factors influencing economic growth in terms of government reform and financial resources. The method of statistical information processing using multiple correlation-regression analysis is taken as a basis. The use of mathematical modeling tools will determine the contribution of each variable and record the significant factors that most significantly affect the economic opportunities of regions and factors that can be neglected in the analysis of the impact on gross regional product. It was decided to focus on the period from 2012 to 2019. It is during this time interval that active changes in the administrative-territorial structure of the country take place, the budget system is reformed, and there is a period of forced loss of control over parts of the country’s territory with economic consequences. Research of time intervals 2012–2014 and 2015–2019 allows you to assess the change in economic factors with the introduction of decentralization reform. The study of decentralization indicators makes it possible to identify problems of socio-economic nature in time and reveals the prospects of balancing budget revenues with expenditures, developing measures to improve the financial policy of the regions in the context of decentralization changes.
CONCEPTUAL PROVISIONS OF THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF A PANDEMIC AND THE FORMATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Ovchynnikova Viktoria , Kolesnik Anna ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Gavryschuk Mykyta ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport
Published: April 2022

The article proves the need to revise the conceptual provisions of management of a modern domestic enterprise, which is due to changes in the conditions of their management due to the effects of the pandemic and the formation of the digital economy. During this crisis period, against the background of the formation of the digital economy in the world, there is a change in the composition and structure of target markets, the emergence of new competitors and the redistribution of competitive positions. In such conditions the problem of formation of effective conceptual provisions of management of the enterprise which would create a qualitative basis for maintenance of their competitiveness as fast as possible acquires special value. The existing management concepts were based either on the pandemic or on the basis of digitalization, ie did not take into account all existing aspects of the domestic enterprise, and therefore did not allow to form a basis for ensuring the efficiency of modern Ukrainian enterprise. Throughout the history of industrial and post-industrial economies, crisis economic phenomena, including global ones, have occurred quite often and cyclically. Features of competitive behavior of enterprises during the crisis caused by the pandemic, as well as the formation of the digital economy. It is proved that modern management in a broad sense inevitably requires an interdisciplinary approach and integration of knowledge and practices from, albeit often related, but, nevertheless, different areas of knowledge. Conceptual provisions of enterprise management in the conditions of pandemic and formation of digital economy are offered, which, in turn, are based on synthesis of the basic provisions of concepts of strategic, anti-crisis enterprise management and enterprise competitiveness. The principles of enterprise management in a pandemic and the digital economy include, above all, the principles of strategic management of competitiveness (leading role of leadership, balance of interests of market participants, certainty, systemic, consistent, scientific, strategic, adaptive, staff participation). No less important in a crisis is the use of the principles of the concept of crisis management – early diagnosis of crisis phenomena, urgency of response; adequacy of response; full realization of internal possibilities, prevention. Among the principles of competitiveness in the concept of management of a modern enterprise it is advisable to include relativity and consistency, maximum effect, cost and time, accounting for the influence of external factors (duplicates the principle of adaptability of the concept of strategic management).
EVALUATION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLACK SEA REGION ON THE BASIC OF RESOURCE SAVING
Authors:   National University “Lviv Polytechnic”, Muzychenko-Kozlovska Oksana , Shpak Nestor ,   National University “Lviv Polytechnic”
Published: April 2022

The article substantiates the feasibility of implementing the principle of resource efficiency as an innovative and alternative way of conducting tourism activities; the essence of the concept of resource saving in tourism as a set of organizational, technical, scientific, practical, commercial, marketing, product, environmental, informational and economic measures aimed at optimal use and economical involvement of various resources in economic activities the differences between traditional and resource-saving tourism are determined, socio-economic preconditions of necessity and expediency of implementation of resource-saving policy in tourism are established, directions (organizational, technical, scientific, practical, commercial, marketing, product, ecological, information and economic) and types are defined resource-saving measures, formed a program for the introduction of resource-saving technologies and measures in tourism, developed a scientific and methodological approach to assessing the feasibility and effectiveness of resource-saving measures in the tourism industry of the region, which includes the following stages: determining areas and types of resource-saving measures in tourism; formation of the program of introduction of resource-saving technologies and measures in tourist activity of the region; analysis of the possibility of implementing resource-saving measures and technologies in the tourism industry of the region, in the process of which the types of activities in tourism are determined, which we will evaluate and their corresponding indicators (tourism product production (state of stocks of tourist resources within the region; capital investments), provision of tourist services (costs of tourist legal organizations for the services of third parties; the cost of travel packages sold by travel agents by individual entrepreneurs; the utilization rate of tourist accommodation), consumption of tourist services (volume of waste; energy consumption; energy supply from renewable sources), management waste in the establishments of the tourism industry (volumes of recycled waste; volumes of recycled household waste; number of waste management facilities), innovations in tourism activities (number of new ones introduced into production technological processes of significantly improved low-waste, resource-saving technological processes; costs of innovation at the expense of own funds of enterprises); evaluating the effectiveness of tourism activities in the region; adjustment and regulation of program measures in case of inefficiency of the program of introduction of resource saving in the tourist branch of the region.
EVALUATION OF PROFITABILITY INDICATORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON FORMATION OF COMPONENT ELEMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES’ EXPORT-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi Polytechnic Professional College by Lviv Politechnic National University, Savitskyi Andrii
Published: April 2022

The paper actualizes the issue of estimating profitability indicators and emphasizes the key aspects of their impact on formation of components of industrial enterprises’ export-oriented management. The main tendencies of cooperation of national enterprises with foreign counterparties under the conditions of integration processes have been underlined. The author’s vision of the approach to the assessment of profitability and the formation of its content in the management process has been given. The role and importance of assessing the efficiency of fixed assets usage and their impact on export-oriented management of national producers has been described. There were substantiated pricing, quantity and turnover aspects of change in the value of fixed assets, which are provided for the creation of export products, defined three types of effects that can be expected in the activity of export-oriented enterprise. The value of cost indicators and outlays in enterprises’ export-oriented management and profitability making has been substantiated. The importance of detailed prediction of main and additional costs when the company enters the foreign market has been underlined. There were analyzed the key condition for mastering the direct market from the aspects of enterprises’ profitability making, usage of separate sales channels, choosing the importer of raw materials and international exhibition activity participation. The structure for shaping the component elements of industrial enterprises’ export-oriented management on the basis of indicators that cause profit and characterize profitability has been constructed. There was underlined the role of economists-analysts and accounting unit as the main performers of data estimation that provides important information for enterprise’s management in order to solve the problems of resources balancing and rearrange the activity fixed in operative and production plans. The author’s vision for actualizing the innovation aspect in the management of export-oriented production has been presented, the work of relevant departments has been characterized; the main tasks of management have ben summarized.
DIRECTIONS OF INCREASING BANKING INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Lviv National Ivan Franko University, Irshak Olesya , Matkivska Halyna ,   Lviv National Ivan Franko University
Published: April 2022

The investment activity of the bank affects the availability of both the bank itself, as it is its source of income, and for the economy as a whole, so it is necessary to take into account the assessment of such activities. Today, the digitalization of economic processes is the driving force behind the development of global financial markets. This was preceded by both economic prospects and technological progress, and a global pandemic. The introduction of technological progress in the work of banks is an investment that promotes competition and reduces the costs of financial institutions. In a market economy, there is a growing interest in the investment activities of financial institutions. The development of the banking business in this area, along with the formation of the stock market infrastructure, is of great importance for the further development of the market economy in Ukraine. Not only management and shareholders, but also their counterparties and borrowers, residents and enterprises of the region, where banks operating in the domestic and foreign markets of Ukraine operate, benefit from the activity of banks in the stock market. The article is devoted to the study of banking investment activity in the conditions of development of financial technologies in Ukraine, its influence on the banking business. The article examines the essence of investment activity of banks, considers the concept of "digitalization". The peculiarities of banking investment activity are determined, the analysis of the securities portfolio of banking institutions in total assets is carried out. The share of domestic government bonds in banks' securities portfolio and gross domestic product was studied. The problems of development of investment activity of banks in Ukraine and key aspects of strategic transformations of banking institutions into digitalization are identified. In investment activities, banks have specially developed programs for clear and fast tracking of any changes in the securities market. The necessity of application of financial technologies in banking business, and also at realization by banks of investment activity is substantiated and on this basis the directions of its increase are defined.
MODERN APPROACHES TO MODELLING INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dubas Yuriy
Published: April 2022

Social institutions are among the largest influences on human behavior as they guide and frame every individual action. Understanding why and how institutions persist and eventually change would have a vast effect on society at any level. Thus, a number of independent models were developed to explain certain aspects of institutional change and persistence, but no universal framework has been created so far. The paper attempts to generalize these various models and underline the most universal features of the institutional change. Various factors were offered to explain institutional change or, rather, lack thereof: human habit, difference in organization, uncertainty of the institutional outcomes and the future distribution of rents, violence threats, and desire to maintain the available political power and status. However, while these models provide supple argument why inefficient institutions persist, they don’t explain how institutions can change in such adverse environments and, even more importantly, why some institutions persist and some do not. More fundamental models see institutions as endogenous and reactive to the external factors and ebbs and flows in the political balance. North, Weingast, and Cox view institutions as extractive and redistributive systems driven by need to tame the violence potential of the different political fractions. Acemoglu, Egorov, and Sonin frame the institutional change as a coalition game between political fractions. However, despite fundamental differences between these two models, proportionality between distribution of institutional outcomes and political power of a given agent is a prerequisite of a stable solution for both. The most important discovery is how political and power-driven the change or persistence of institutions is: in different unconnected models, including the two more fundamental and majority of the simpler ones, relative power of political groups or parties is overall the largest contributing factor to the direction and structure of institutional change. Thus, institutions that better capture and stabilize the balance of political power can be more stable, and institutions that attempt to disrupt the balance are more prone to change, often in unpredictable and violent fashion.
FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT THE ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Grynko Tatyana , Hviniashvili Tetiana ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Riabuk Kateryna ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: April 2022

The article examines the features of the strategic management system forming of domestic enterprises, as well as the problems of implementing a strategic management system at enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is a real threat to small and medium-sized businesses and questions the future of most of them. The introduction of a strategic management system at enterprises will allow managers to plan and manage enterprises in conditions of a high degree of uncertainty in the external environment. The article presents a systematized diagram of the strategic management system structure, which consists of the mission, goals, vision of the enterprise, the enterprise’s “tree of goals”, the monitoring of the external and internal environment, as well as the monitoring of the enterprise’s financial result. Besides, the article substantiates the main actions on which the mechanism of implementation of the strategic management system is based, namely: ensuring the compliance of the strategic management system with the key enterprise conditions (mission, size, market share, resources); assessment of the state of the internal and external environment; forecasting the development of the situation and identifying alternatives for creating a strategic management system at the enterprise; justification of the need for a change management system at the enterprise; streamlining of information flows in the strategic management system. Also, the article identifies the features that the pandemic brought to the implementation of the enterprises strategic management system, namely: a change in the goals, mission and vision of enterprises in the direction of social responsibility and care for employees, the need for social distancing, the inevitability of introducing fundamental changes, focus on the e-commerce development, the feasibility of transition on a partnership principle of functioning to ensure the unity of interests of the owner and employees. The pandemic significantly accelerates the implementation of changes that need not be resisted, but, on the contrary, used as a source for growth and enterprise results enhancement.
THE PLACE AND ROLE OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dragun Andriy
Published: April 2022

Based on the significant relevance of the study and analysis of previous studies, previously unresolved parts of the overall problem were identified and the purpose of the study was formulated. The aim of the article was to determine the general systemic relationships of the dynamic development of the food industry of Ukraine under the condition of accelerating the formation of a stable economy. The article analyzes the place and role of the food industry in the economic system of the country. The ratio of the volume of sold products of the industry to GDP in the dynamics for 2010–2020 is given. The tabular form shows the main indicators of socio-economic development of the country and the volume of output in the food industry. Based on these data, using the Excel spreadsheet, the correlation coefficient was determined alternately between the total volume of products produced in the food industry in Ukraine and the main macroeconomic indicators. The correlation coefficient between the volume of food production and macroeconomic indicators is ranked. There are four groups on the impact on the volume of production in the food industry. The first group of factors that most affect the volume of food production includes macroeconomic factors such as the average exchange rate, the number of households, and the average number of employees by type of economic activity, deposits. In order to determine the place and role of the food industry among other types of economic activity in Ukraine, we conducted an analysis of the gross value added. The dynamics of value added in the food industry for 2013–2019 is shown in graphical form. The forecast of value added in the food industry based on a certain equation of the trend line of value added in food production showed that by 2025 value added will continue to grow to UAH 170 billion. For comparison, the graph shows the structure of gross value added by type of economic activity in Ukraine in 2019. It is concluded that in 2019 the largest share in the creation of value added was industry (36.02%). According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the food industry is essential for the growth of the country’s GDP and significant potential for growth and needs additional investment resources for its development.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL MARKETING ON THE LOYALTY OF VISITORS OF RESTAURANT NETWORKS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kosar Oleksandr
Published: April 2022

The article shows the importance of digital marketing tools. Theoretical principles and basic technological innovations of modern digital marketing are considered. An analysis of the impact of digital marketing tools on the satisfaction and loyalty of visitors to restaurant chains based on the identification of impact factors. The hypothesis of the influence of each advantage of digital marketing tools on the probability of deciding to visit a restaurant. The objectives of the study are to generalize the theoretical foundations and create practical recommendations for the use of digital marketing in restaurant chains. Peculiarities of formation of loyalty of visitors of restaurant chains in use of digital marketing are defined. Digital marketing and sales strategies that give direct results for restaurant chains are presented. In order to analyze the level of influence of the use of digital marketing tools on the loyalty of restaurant visitors, a survey of 148 respondents, visitors to restaurants of various restaurant chains in Ukraine was conducted. The study conducted an ABC analysis of the use of marketing tools in restaurant chains. To do this, we compared the growth rate of marketing costs and the share of marketing tools in the level of marketing costs. Also the study revealed the impact of using digital marketing tools on visitor loyalty to different types of restaurant chains based on the calculation of the regression coefficient. Based on the results obtained, two main tools were selected that consumers consider important. First, the use of mobile applications as a tool of digital marketing have the highest level of influence on the formation of loyalty of visitors to the networks of restaurant businesses, which combine diverse institutions that are part of large holdings. Secondly, for institutions that have one founder, which create partnership projects and provide the franchise, the very promotion in social media creates value from the point of view of the visitor. Thus, the development of a loyalty program in different types of restaurant business network studied the impact of certain marketing tools, namely the growing role of communication channels such as mobile applications, messengers, contextual advertising, Facebook, Instagram or Twitter.
DEVELOPING A MARKETING STRATEGY FOR INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES FOR ENSURES THE COMPETITIVENESS
Authors:   National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Fedorenko Irina , Anpilohova Anna ,   National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: April 2022

The article describes the urgent theoretical questions about the importance of developing a marketing strategy for industrial enterprises. The basic theoretical concepts and domestic and foreign scientists’ main positions about the nature of the term “marketing strategy” have been analyzed. Substantiates the most important factors influencing the marketing strategy, which ensures the competitiveness of enterprises on market. Highlights the main methods for developing a marketing strategy and the factors that influence the choice of a strategy have been pointed out. Defines the main objectives that have to be accomplished during the development of marketing strategy for industrial enterprises. Reviews the methods of market analysis, lists the instruments for defining market competition level and finding the major market players. Demonstrates the impact of competition on marketing strategy. Reviews the theoretical aspects of increasing the enterprise’ competitiveness on the market. In order to develop a marketing strategy for the enterprise, which matches the competitive conditions, market characteristics and targeted on increasing the competitiveness and effectiveness of industrial enterprise operation, it highlights the main method for marketing strategy development. Nowadays, the question of increasing of the enterprise’ competitiveness becomes more important and valuable, and also requires improvements and adaptation to market conditions, which change rapidly. The enterprise’ competitiveness analysis is obligatory for dominance on a market. Further research has to be focused on developing the methodical approach to creating the strategic profile of the industrial enterprise. Mainly the increase of product competitiveness is achieved competitiveness factors which include product quality, pricing, marketing strategy, market research, services. For developing a competitive business, it is important to not only upgrade the production and management, but also clear understanding of goals to be achieved. The most important should be the ability to define, rapidly and effectively use its advantages in market competition.