bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Tale of Two Conflicts
Authors: Timmermann Jens
Published: January 2019

Pauline Kleingeld’s “Contradiction and Kant’s Formula of Universal Law”, published in this journal in 2017, presents a powerful challenge to what has become the standard (‘practical’) reconstruction of the categorical imperative. In this response to Kleingeld, I argue that she is right to emphasise the ‘simultaneity requirement’ - that we must be able to will a proposed maxim and ‘simulataneously’, ‘also’ or ‘at the same time’ the maxim in its universalised form - but I deny that this removes the categorical imperative test from the world of universalisation because the agent must be understood as part of that world. There are two distinct types of conflict: a contradiction that results from non-universalisability and Kleingeld’s ‘volitional’ conflict, located within the will of the immoral agent. The standard ‘practical’ reconstruction of the categorical imperative remains largely intact.
Crystal structure of methyl 2,7,7-trimethyl-4-(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carboxylate, C19H23NO3S
Authors: Lu Xiao-Qing , Zhang Huan-Hu , Yang Rui , Zhu Si-Yuan , Wang Fu-Sheng
Published: January 2019

C19H23NO3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.0403(15) Å, b = 18.213(3) Å, c = 11.1889(19) Å, β = 107.964(2)°, V = 1752.4(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0498, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1536, T = 296(2) K.
Remembering Joseph Neparrŋa Gumbula
Authors: Marett Allan
Published: January 2019

Joseph Neparrŋa Gumbula was both a senior Yolŋu ceremonial leader and performer—Dalkarramirri and Liya-ŋärra’mirri—and a visionary rock musician who was able to enact the Law in multiple media. This short article reflects upon Gumbula’s contribution to the National Recording Project for Indigenous Performance in Australia and other intercultural projects, and in particular the author’s experiences of performing wangga songs from the Daly region with Gumbula in a number of intercultural contexts.
Sun Setting over the Arafura Sea and Other Opportunities: Working with Joe Gumbula
Authors: Mant Julia
Published: January 2019

Archives are full of emotional connections between records and researchers that can span surprise, delight, anger, indifference and engagement. In this short reflection, I share my stories of the archival and personal photographs that connected me and Joe Gumbula. It was not always easy for Joe to be a conduit between two cultures, to bring people and collections together over time and space, and to balance his fluency in Yolŋu knowledge against the archive’s unfamiliar institutional processes. Through our collaborations, I learned key lessons for professional archivists about building trust, connections, follow-through, presence and listening that support the active management of historical images.
The Yidaki: A Triumph of Mind over Matter in Tribute to Joe Gumbula
Authors: Hollenberg Lloyd C.L.
Published: January 2019

As a physicist, I have been privileged to intersect with the world of ethnomusicology through my research on the acoustics of the didjeridu, the highlight of which was to meet and work with Joe Neparrŋa Gumbula. This is a brief account of my perspective on that journey, the research undertaken, and the role that Joe played in it.
L’ambigüité structurale et l’acquisition des compétences linguistiques en français en passant par la langue maternelle
Authors: Nwosu Nnenna
Published: January 2019

Cet article présente l’analyse de textes produits par des étudiants du niveau universitaire apprenant le français au Nigeria. Les textes ont été recueillis dans une situation formelle. L’objectif a été d’évaluer les compétences à l’écrit en français (compétences pragmatique, linguistique, discursive) des étudiants à tous les niveaux du programme de Licence au département de Langues européennes à l’Université de Lagos.

Les étudiants ont été invités à rédiger un texte sur le sujet – « Narrez un évènement inoubliable que vous aurez vécu ». Les résultats de l’analyse montrent que leur LM-Igbo, facilite le transfert de compétence vers le français plutôt que leur langue de scolarisation – l’anglais.
An Enhanced Hybrid Feature Selection Approach for High Dimensional Data Processing
Authors: Lincy Blessy Trencia , Nagarajan Suresh Kumar
Published: January 2019

A huge volume of data is being generated day by day, each and every second, with mounting trends and technologies. Big data has evolved as an ultimate approach in data origination, attainment, and processing and also analysis, coping with the heterogeneity of the data in order to obtain useful insights from it. It is obvious that there is no point in having the data without quality. Hence, in order to use or leverage the data in a more apposite manner, data with quality are important. Numerous technologies are being developed with the evolution of big data. The input to those technologies and approaches is to be processed in such a way that they guarantee data quality, to yield better processing and results. An effective preprocessing approach is proposed in this article for the processing of big data. No single model can work well in the case of data processing, considering the challenges imposed with big data. Hence, a hybrid preprocessing approach is imposed here to deal with the data and processing, ensuring a better outcome. The results show that the approach enhances the quality of the data and is more effective. This approach, along with the big data platform using the Spark framework, increases the overall performance of the processing.
Parallelized Particle Swarm Optimization to Estimate the Heat Transfer Coefficients of Palm Oil, Canola Oil, Conventional, and Accelerated Petroleum Oil Quenchants
Authors: Fried Zoltán , Felde Imre , Simencio Otero Rosa L. , Viscaino Jônatas M. , Totten George E. , Canale Lauralice C. F.
Published: January 2019

An inverse solver for the estimation of the temporal-spatial heat transfer coefficients (HTC), without using prior information of the thermal boundary conditions, was used for immersion quenching into palm oil, canola oil, and two commercial petroleum oil quenchants. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) method was used on near-surface temperature-time cooling curve data obtained with the so-called Tensi multithermocouple, and a 12.5 by 45 mm Inconel 600 probe. The fitness function to be minimized by a PSO approach is defined by the deviation of the measured and calculated cooling curves. The PSO algorithm was parallelized and implemented on a graphics accelerator architecture. This article describes, in detail, the PSO methodology used to compare and differentiate the potential quenching properties attainable with vegetable oils versus those attainable with accelerated and conventional petroleum oil quenchant.
Das Migrationsthema bei Gianmaria Testa: zur ethischen und ästhetischen Hinterlassenschaft des Liedermachers aus dem Piemont
Authors: Moll Nora
Published: January 2019

This article focuses on the work of the Italian Cantautore Gianmaria Testa, who died prematurely this year. In particular, it analyses his concept album Da quest parte del mare (2006), which deals with the issue of migration. In the eleven songs of this album, Testa establishes a link between the migrations of the past and the present, in order to show that human feelings and behaviour do not change in ‘times of crises’. As the article tries to point out, Testa’s musical style and lyrics are the result of an intense aesthetic work. It is based on ethical principles and empathy, it creates intertextual relations with contemporary literary texts and with the Italian tradition of songwriters and reaches a remarkable expressiveness.
Guía “De regreso al trabajo”, necesidad empresarial para la adecuada implementación de los procesos de rehabilitación, reincorporación y reubicación laboral dentro del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Ericka Alexandra , Camberos Bustos Jeimy Angélica
Published: January 2019

La integración sociolaboral es considerada como el objetivo inmediato de la rehabilitación profesional y final de la rehabilitación integral. Su intervención está orientada a la recuperación y desarrollo de la capacidad de la persona que ha sufrido alguna disminución de su capacidad para ejercer una función o un cargo, o para desempeñar funciones productivas en diferentes contextos, con base a los estándares de calidad establecidos por el sector productivo. Los procesos de rehabilitación, reincorporación o reubicación laboral son pobremente conocidos por los empresarios y la información respecto a estos es escasa y poco estandarizada, lo que dificulta su éxito final. Por lo tanto, a través de esta investigación cualitativa, desarrollada mediante una revisión del estado del arte sobre el tema, se buscó construir un documento técnico-instruccional y pedagógico, denominado “De regreso al trabajo”, que permitirá a los encargados del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, jefes de talento humano, gerentes y demás personas involucradas en el proceso, aplicar de manera efectiva dichas estrategias para reducir las pérdidas de tiempo por incapacidad temporal y al trabajador retornar al entorno laboral de manera exitosa, manteniendo su papel como actor productivo de la sociedad.
Adjusting for Principal Components of Molecular Phenotypes Induces Replicating False Positives
Authors: Dahl Andy , Guillemot Vincent , Mefford Joel , Aschard Hugues , Zaitlen Noah
Published: January 2019

Biological, technical, and environmental confounders are ubiquitous in the high-dimensional, high-throughput functional genomic measurements being used to understand cellular biology and disease processes, and many approaches have been developed to estimate and correct for unmeasured confounders...

High-throughput measurements of molecular phenotypes provide an unprecedented opportunity to model cellular processes and their impact on disease. These highly structured datasets are usually strongly confounded, creating false positives and reducing power. This has motivated many approaches based on principal components analysis (PCA) to estimate and correct for confounders, which have become indispensable elements of association tests between molecular phenotypes and both genetic and nongenetic factors. Here, we show that these correction approaches induce a bias, and that it persists for large sample sizes and replicates out-of-sample. We prove this theoretically for PCA by deriving an analytic, deterministic, and intuitive bias approximation. We assess other methods with realistic simulations, which show that perturbing any of several basic parameters can cause false positive rate (FPR) inflation. Our experiments show the bias depends on covariate and confounder sparsity, effect sizes, and their correlation. Surprisingly, when the covariate and confounder have ρ2≈10%, standard two-step methods all have >10-fold FPR inflation. Our analysis informs best practices for confounder correction in genomic studies, and suggests many false discoveries have been made and replicated in some differential expression analyses.
La notion de l”Extase mystique” chez Philon D’Alexandrie et Plotin
Authors: ALEKNIENĖ Tatjana
Published: January 2019

Dans cet article nous revenons à la question vivement discutée pendant la première moitié du siècle passé, qui portait sur l’origine de la notion de « l’extase mystique » et établissait un rapport entre la partie finale du Tr. 9 de Plotin (c. 11, 22–26, à propos de l’ ÆkstasiV éprouvée dans le sanctuaire) et l’oeuvre de Philon d’Alexandrie, notamment le Quis rerum divinarum heres sit 249 sqq. Dans ce dernier ouvrage Philon commente un verset de la Genèse 15, 12, où il s’agit d’une ÆkstasiV qui tomba sur Abraham. A ce propos Philon distingue, explique et illustre par les exemples tirés des Ecritures quatre significations du mot ÆkstasiV. Notre étude a montré que, bien que la classification de Philon suit l’exemple de celle des quatre espèces de la « folie », man%a, proposée dans le Phèdre de Platon (244 a sqq), elle assigne une place la plus élevée à l’état de la possession prophétique. Cela est du à la prestige de la figure des prophètes dans l’Ecriture et dans la religion juive, où leur inspiration extatique est tenue pour l’expérience la plus parfaite du contact avec Dieu. Ainsi le mot grec ÆkstasiV non seulement commence à designer la „possession“ divine, mais peut être considéré, depuis Philon, comme une notion qui convient bien pour évoquer l’état de l’approche divine, qui dépasse toute capacité rationnelle. D’une façon générale, le cas du développement de la signification du mot ÆkstasiV dans le texte de Philon peut servir d’un bon exemple pour montrer, comment le récit de l’histoire des relations des patriarches du peuple juif avec leur Dieu, le récit qui est extrêmement riche en notions spatiales et « cinétiques » (telle est aussi le sens étymologique du mot ÆkstasiV), offre pour un exégète diligent des innombrables occasions pour appliquer et développer les notions platoniciennes.
Les premièrs interpretations du de doctrina Christiana de S. Augustin: Possidius, Eugippius, Cassiodore
Authors: Akekna Darius
Published: January 2019

Les auteurs anciens étaient lus par les lecteurs anciens. Les premières informations sur les lec­teurs du célèbre traité d’Augustin De doctrina christiana et sur leurs interprétations de cet ouvrage proviennent du milieu du VIe siècle. L’article porte sur les interprétations qu’on peut discerner chez Eugippius et Cassiodore : les deux auteurs ont lu le traité d’Augustin pour y chercher les réponses aux questions, soulevées par leur époque, postérieure d’un siècle et demi par rapport à celle de l’ouvrage d’Augustin, et par leur entourage monastique.
“Believe that believe”: from Dostojevky’s Stavrogin to Gianni Vattimo
Authors: ŠERPYTYTĖ Rita
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the relation between faith and nihilism in Gianni Vattimo philosophy. The position of Vattimo, treating nihilism as (hermeneutical) attempt of weak thought, is analysed. Weak thought describes itself as the attempt of thinking that approaches to the relation with the philosophical heritage of previous epochs differently and treats the very demand of overcoming (metaphysics) otherwise. The overcoming for Vattimo doesn‘t have the meaning of simple negation or transgresion already; it obtains the sense of farewal movement to metaphysics. In such perspective the search of the ontology links to nihilism, which is treated already in the positive meaning – as the last chance.
The history of one spectacle (Chronology and topography of „The destroyed land“)
Authors: Oniščik Marija
Published: January 2019

The text tells a story of „The Destroyed Land“ – the spectacle by Gintaras Varnas, considered as a spiral journey through time and places, paradigmatically showing the historical view of how the spectacle was born and performed, what literary images from Arthurian cycle gave rise to its plot and setting, what the historical and mythological import lies in the beginning of Grail legend, and what the sacramental meaning follows from it. The philosophical purpose of the text is to investigate the problem of time as it is presented in the spectacle together with treatment of place. It is argued that in the spectacle, there is a medieval view of history as „vertical“ time, presented paradigmatically as a whole, which reminds us of the Bergsonian conception of time with its instantaneous multiplicity. It is also proximate to medieval notion of aeviternity in Thomas Aquinas, as the mean between time and eternity, in which the succession of time treated as the changeableness of place, is compatible with being simultaneously whole. The text also analyses those features of the spectacle, which make it very similar to the medieval theatre with its simplicity of staging originated from liturgical drama. It is stated that here one has a sacred theatre, which has not a referential but a performative function to create a real world akin to the sacramental Real Presence, represented by the image of Grail. From the philosophical point of view, the religious longing for Grail can be treated as Derridian messianicity.
Ecumenical search for truth and the identity of the Christian Church
Authors: Dulskis Romualdas
Published: January 2019

Ecumenism should not be understood as an aspiration for merely external and superficial unity. Ecumenical dialogue is a dialogue of conversion. This dialogue is being executed in the face of God, and so each participant is invited to seriously check his/her conscience, make bold to acknowledge his/her wrongness, confess his/her faults and take the road of truth, justice and good. Ecumenical efforts are understood not as a man-thought of scope but as a work inspired by the Holy Spirit and God’s grace for the modern Church and the world.Ecumenism is tolerant to diverse theological thinking, different aspects of Christian practice and various forms of religious cults, but at the same time ecumenism urges people to accept the plenitude of God’s truth and goodness into their hearts and life. One of the main goals of the ecumenical movement is to bring a human being into face-to-face with the Gospel and the objective divine truth. Ecumenism encourages us to plead guilty not only to our sins but also to any dishonesty regarding the divine truth and our reticence to the divine truth by taking inspiration from the Holy Spirit.Aspirations to convert the divine truth into the subjective in every person’s truth are also a denial of objective harmonic development of a human being. Thus, the subjective truth leads one to subjectively perceive good that can often be destructive or evil and so destroying both personal harmony and the harmony of social life. That is why for today’s Christians and all people of good-will there no other way but to expand their hearts and find themselves as creatures that can be satisfied only by recognition of the divine truth and divine goodness, as well as their implementation in all dimensions of the daily rounds of living.
The paradox of faith and „logic“ of nihilism: S. Kierkegaard
Authors: Šerpytytė Rita
Published: January 2019

Selection of the starting point performed by contemporary philosophy, which raises a question of nihilism, swings between the two theoretical perspectives, i. e. nihilism as spiritual event and nihilism as speculative „event“. In such conceptual horizon we face the question on the interconnection of the thinking of individual authors with the context of nihilism. This article discusses the possibility of attaching the author who was not announcer or theoretician of nihilism – Kierkeggard – to the history of nihilism. Thus, the field of the discussions on nihilism embraces not only the ontological topic, but also the problem of „logic“ of nihilism.
Images of world creation as mythological foundation of conceptual thinking
Authors: Razauskas Dainius
Published: January 2019

The paper aims at the psychological connotations of mythological images of the world creation. One of the most popular ones, for instance, that is, the image of creation as consolidation, solidifying, fastening of some liquid, watery primal matter amounts to the conscious ordering of the psychical data thus making a solid “cosmos” out of the “chaos” of unconscious perception. Sometimes the world creation is imagined also as fencing it around, enclosing from the surrounding chaos (cf. the Northern mið-garðr, Old English middan-geard etc.), in other words, as de-termining or de-fining it, that is, making a de-finition of it. Again, the world creation can be imagined as seizing and squeezing it by hand (out of clay, in particular), and namely this image constitutes the idea of “concept” and “conception” (Latin con-ceptio < con-cipio, capio “seize”, similarly in many languages) and, therefore, grounds conceptual thinking as such. On the other hand, mysticism refers “to the use of concepts as filters to screen us from a direct perception of what is. The concepts are taken too seriously; they are used as tools to solidify our world and ourselves” (as expressed by Chögyam Trungpa, the representative of the Vajrayāna Buddhism). In its turn, the spiritual enlightenment and liberation are often representend figuratively by images akin to these of eschatology.
Unmasked religion as a given of religion in the secularized everyday-life
Authors: Gutauskas Mintautas
Published: January 2019

The article raises the hypothesis that religion is not an internal feature of the secularized everyday-life, but religion is given in its undisguised semblance. The character of unmasking of religion in the secularized everyday-life is explained with reference to J. Baudrillard’s interpretation of simulation and simulacra and to P. Sloterdijk’s analysis of cynical consciousness. The object of the article is the ontological presuppositions of such unmaskings. It is supposed that the presupposition of all unmaskings of religion is the tumbling acceptance of God’s absolute reality. The atheistic denial of God is analyzed as a form of unmasking. Further the unmasking of religion as simulacra is examined. It discloses religion as a spectacle, which masks true dimension of reality – power, mental reality or economical dimension. According to this various forms of unmasking are distinguished. The character of unmasking thinking is explained with the reference to H. G. Gadamer’s concept of pre-text ant to P. Sloterdijk’s interpretation of the cynical truth as naked truth. It is revealed how the unmasking thought learns to find the pre-text behind every text, the naked truth behind every truth. Finally raises the question about the limits of unmaskings and the possibility of religion in the periphery of these unmaskings.
Metaphysics of a city: the archetypal phaenomenon of the desert fathers, or the lessons of the perfect silence
Authors: Sodeika Tomas
Published: January 2019

The modern man, used to a discursive reading and explanation in mystical literature may find the Sayings of Desert Fathers difficult to assimilate and to apply to everyday life. The first thing that strikes a reader is the insistence in the stress laid on the necessity of askesis. Such a problem was unknown to the Desert Fathers. The experience which God in His infinite love gives to those who seek Him with their whole heart is always a gift and cannot therefore be deserved. The essence of the spirituality of the desert is that there is no doctrine that would be learned. Desert Fathers had the hard work of striving to re-direct every part of body and soul to God, and that is what they meant by prayer. Prayer was not only an activity undertaken for a few times each day, but rather a life continually turned towards God in silence.
What does Tomas Sodeika teach us? Or the antinomies of the philosophical teaching
Authors: Oniščik Marija
Published: January 2019

The article is based on the twofold experience of listening to the “living voice” of Tomas Sodeika and reading the corpus of his writings. Some antinomies of philosophical didactics are detected and formulated. Those arise from the reflection on the origin of Western philosophical tradition as a kind of a genealogical tree. The ethical dimension of Greek philosophical education is viewed as a pattern of listening to the teacher speaking and imitating him as a kind of the moral norm or paradeigma. The notion of the philosophical school known from Diogenes Laertius combines the investigation of phenomena and the commitment to certain dogmata, common to the school representatives, these views becoming the obliging rational paradigm of the school. Socratic teaching method exemplified the ambivalence in doing the job of a midwife and that of a sculptor which presupposes the a priori norm of knowledge processed by the teacher. Another set of the antinomies derives form the theory/practice opposition. Here didactics of Thomas Aquinas and Meister Eckhart are the examples of apparent contradiction, since the aim of both is a figure of a preacher proclaiming the law. The Kantian antinomy emerges from the opposition between “historical” and “rational” knowledge, of which only the latter is philosophical in the proper sense, yet it cannot be taught without loosing this property. In Kantian view philosophy and the teacher of philosophy are caught between the idea and the phenomenon. The thesis of performatyvity is presented as the necessary condition of philosophical teaching.
Charms of evident identity
Authors: Čepulis Nerijus
Published: January 2019

In this article I seek to rethink the traditional notion of identity. In the tradition of Western thought identity was viewed first and foremost from an ontological point of view. After the turn toward the subject, the I is thought of as the centre, the base and the producer of any identity. Phenomenological analysis deepens the origin of identity to the relation of the I to the world, i.e. to the alterity. Yet the alterity, by becoming the content of consciousness, is not an absolute alterity. The way, in which identity assimilates, possesses the world and annihilates alterity, is representation. Representation seeks evidence. Representation as intentional perceptivity localizes every object in the light of consciousness. Light and vision are paradigmatic metaphors of the traditional Western thought. Hence in this article I seek to show why and how light and evidence do not tolerate absolute alterity. Identity can be sobered from the charms of evidence only by responsible relation to the Other, i.e. by ethics. Here identical subject loses the right of priority in front of the imperative of the other person. Idea of infinity worries total identity from within. Infinity does not permit identity to quiet down and induces to heed transcendence and alterity. Only in this way alterity can escape the violence to become a content of egocentrical identity and the victim of manipulation. Responsibility in the face of the other person precedes evident perception and legitimates the latter.
Linguistical transformations of identity
Authors: Pažėraitė Aušra Kristina
Published: January 2019

In this paper I presented an analysis of a recent religious movement in Russia, called “The Old Russian Pravoslavian Old Believers – inglingian Church“ (Древнерусская церковь православных староверов-инглингов). This neo-pagan movement, whose founder, Alexander Yuryevich Hinevich, using a variety of linguistic manipulation and “Slavonic Vedas” of unknown origins, increasingly spreading up in paper and electronic format, – is trying ambitiously justify his doctrine of the genetic origins of ancestors of Slavic (having in mind Russian) – Aryan peoples going down to gods (namely Perun) for many hundreds of thousands, if not millions, years ago, who descended here, on the planet Earth from other planets, and occupied the northern hemisphere. Slavic-Aryan culture, in accordance with his doctrine (and of the rest of close to his church neo-pagan authorities, in particularly that of Trehlebov’), has been a real originator of all great civilizations in the World, but during the time of introduction of Christianity in Russia other nations “have robbed their history and their cultural advancements” trying to destroy their national memory by imposing them degraded self-images... In this study is presented analysis of “linguistic approach” of Hinevich, which revealed, that he uses a series of interpretative methods of Jewish Kabbalah, which fit naturally to semitic languages, but not so well to Indo-European ones. What results in distortion made by Hinevich of Russian language rules to fit those interpretative methods, not neglecting to explain that these techniques are also old Russian techniques, which were from them took off. As a possible prototype of these Kabbalistic methods was presented some examples from the Zohar with commentaries.
Imagination, spontaneity and otherness
Authors: Sabolius Kristupas
Published: January 2019

The concept of identity in Western thinking consists in nothing other than establishing static and solid structure of Cartesian subject, whose existence is limited to the mere fact of thinking in which I, as a thinker, (cogitans) am never doing anything but constituting myself as an object (cogitatum). Phenomenology, back to Husserl and Sartre, provided us with a need of the dynamism of the consciousness, an almost „hydrographic concept“ of the flow of ego which could be grasped only as a compositional stream containing rhythm and orientation. On the other hand, Freud’s and, in particular, Lacan’s psychoanalysis discovered the heterogeneous reality of the Other, i.e. the Unconscious, which should be liberated from the false identity of the specular and imaginary ego. This paper, through the analysis of autonomous and resistant nature of imagination as spontaneity, i.e. combining and simultaneously criticizing phenomenological and psychoanalytic approaches, seeks to delegate the new task for imagination – that of invoking the Otherness in the constitution of myself.
The entirety of memory and its otherness. Phenomenological approach
Authors: Jonkus Dalius
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to demonstrate that memory is not identical with full consciousness. Memory is related to forgetting, but memory cannot be reduced to it. The errors and illusions of memory do not negate it because they can be discovered only within the context of the entirety of memory. On this account I agree with Paul Ricoeur, who warns against the inadmissible reduction of memory to memory pathologies. When Husserl analyses the problem of memory, he has to overcome the traditional distrust in memory, to show that memory is not a form of image consciousness, and to create a dynamic model of memory. First, I will show how the static understanding of memory as a set of copies works. Second, I will analyse how the concept of memory changes when it is correlated with reproductive presentification. Third, I will elaborate on how it is possible to identify false memories. Fourth, I will analyse how passive synthesis of associations manifests itself in memories. And fifth, I will demonstrate how memory is related to forgetting.
Nihilism and the Consciousness of Revolt
Authors: Šerpytytė Rita
Published: January 2019

The article focuses on the question concerning the relationship between nihilism and rebellion consciousness. This aspect of the theory of nihilism is considered through the context, which seems “extraneous” or even opposite to the rebellion consciousness, i. e. by discussing the phenomenon of “nonresistance” or “surrender”. The Prologue of the book by Spanish author Santiago Alba Rico serves as a theoretical provocation. Rico’s “Nihilism and Capitalism” opens with a story about a catastrophic event which remained unrevealed – as if it didn’t happen. The latter disposition of Western spirit, according to Rico, functions as an approach diagnosing the Everyday Nihilism. The mentioned understanding of nihilism is juxtaposed with Camus’ “paradigmatic” consideration of rebellion consciousness. The article also deals with the question concerning the genetic link between the denial motion in nihilism and the analogous motion respectively found in rebellion consciousness. The impossibility to treat these two opposite consciousness – nihilistic and rebellious – as overcoming the Nihilism is disclosed. Both these intentions of consciousness are equivalent in respect of Cynics’ practical argument. And it is namely so-called “major event”, which cannot be left unrevealed, serves as a chance of “salvation” for Reality.
Aesthetics of Benedetto Croce as an Alternative to Modernist Notion of Aesthetics
Authors: Daraškevičiūtė Vaiva
Published: January 2019

This article analyzes the aesthetics of Benedetto Croce as an alternative to modernistic notion of aesthetics. Croce contradicts empiricism and rationalism proposing the opinion that the process of perception begins not at the level of intelligence or senses, but at the level of intuition at first. The discussion on Croce’s intuition conception helps us to demonstrate that the art in his aesthetics is perceived more in terms of philosophy of art than in terms of modernistic aesthetics. That is shown in two steps: firstly, discussing how important in Croce’s philosophical system is intuition itself as the primary perception; secondly, showing that intuition for Croce is possible only as expression and it means that in this way perception is always creative and active relationship with the world.
The Idea of Motion in Modernist Painting
Authors: Žvirblytė Milda
Published: January 2019

This article deals with the problem of the phenomenological discourse as an methodological issue raised in the modernist Lithuanian painting of the second half of the twentieth century aiming to reveal the idea of motion in painting. In this case the abstract pictures by Kazimiera Zimblytė and Eugenijus Antanas Cukermanas, created in the eighth−tenth decades, have been chosen to discuss. Both artists are interested in abstract plastic idea – how to create the impression of a motion of a spot, plane, background on the canvas surface. The question is: how to explain the idea of motion in a painting, who does constitutes movement, what makes count as an object in motion, what produces a perception of movement in painting? Article approaches the idea of motion on the basis of painting with the reference to the theory of perception by phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty according to the following concepts: the relationship between figure and background, the visual field, the Chiasm.
The Principle of the Dialogue as a Basis for the Religious Pluralism
Authors: Valantiejūtė Lina
Published: January 2019

The main aim of this article is to show that the dialogue, primarily understood as a relation with the Other, allows us not only to essentially (re)interpret the dominating streams of understanding of inter-religious dialogue as a formal interaction between the religions as systems, but it also enables us to see the phenomena of religious pluralism as fundamentally dialogical. The concept of a dialogue as a dual relationship by Martin Buber combined with the philosophical insights of Emmanuel Levinas and the criticism of the concept of the dialogue as a cognitive relation allows us to reveal the internal paradox of the phenomena of religious pluralism (a fundamental demand for a non reductive quantity and diversity as well as need to control it) and to explain a possibility of engagement in an inter-religious dialogue.
Kasdienis miglotas cinizmas
Authors: Gutauskas Mintautas
Published: January 2019

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamos šiuolaikinio kasdienio cinizmo struktūros. Svarstomi prieigų prie cinizmo tyrimų klausimai. Cinizmui analizuoti pasitelkiami istoriniai ir struktūriniai aspektai. Iš antikinio kinizmo yra kildinama ciniška kultūros redukcija į prigimtį ir demaskavimo procedūra sąmojo forma. Struktūriniu aspektu dėmesys sutelkiamas į ciniškojo realizmo konstituciją. Teigiama, kad ciniškasis realizmas steigiasi dviejų tiesų perspektyvoje, kurių pirmoji yra nerealistinė nomos, idealų, siekiamybių sfera, antroji yra grynas realizmas – physis ar tikrovė, kuri konstituojasi redukcijos ir demaskavimo būdu. Nagrinėjant šiuolaikinį cinizmą parodoma, kad jame atgimsta cinizmo priešybė – naivumas, nes šiuolaikinis cinikas dažnai naiviai tiki ne idealais, vertybėmis ar kt., bet pačia demaskavimo procedūra. Galiausiai parodoma, kaip pašaipusis cinizmas virsta nelaiminga sąmone.
The diffusion and transformations of left-hand path religions in the contemporary popular culture
Authors: Pažėraitė Aušra Kristina
Published: January 2019

In this article some features of the present-day (late 20th–early 21st c.) pop-culture, concretely cinematography, are analyzed for phenomena which can be interpreted as an ongoing transformation of normative morality, religious doctrines and ritual taboos of established religions on the ground of doctrines, practices and symbolism of modern (late 19th–20th c.) occult movements. The author argues that these phenomena are part of wider cultural and religious processes, i.e. of diffusion in public, secular, and also new religious and spiritual movements of what in this study was formulated as the “left-hand paths in religions”, the processes that perform a “reevaluation of values” of given society, grounded in particular established religion and religious identity, reevaluation of established moral norms and ritual taboos as at certain extent “destructives”. To achieve this goal the author has formulated a theoretical tool for analysis of general phenomena in religions as “left-hand path in religions” on the basis of Andree Padoux’s descriptions of “lefthand path” in Hindu religions, and which can be formulated as follows: left-hand path in religions – are elitist religious texts and practices that are destined not to eliminate norms of morality and ritual taboos of established religion, as far as they are acceptable for society in general as the basis for social order, but to achieve some goals that this established religion is supposed incapable to help to achieve in established manner, and only knower and practitioner of doctrines, rituals and other practices (that sometimes transgress established ones) is able to achieve those goals. In this study the author has explored the usage and conceptions of the term “left-hand path” in some modern Western occult movements; also the author has classified present-day fantasy cinematography in five groups, each according to the relationship to various kinds of “paranormal” realities. One of the groups is composed of movies in which symbols, practices, doctrines of modern “Western” occult movements (i.e. of Thelema, Aleister Crowley, LaVey) are exploited. That results in the subversion of values and ritual taboos of established religions (most often Christianity, and especially Catholicism). The diffusion of the “left-hand path” in popular and secular area of society becomes in a certain degree the “right-hand path”.
On the holy
Authors: Sodeika Tomas
Published: January 2019

At the beginning of the 20th century the term “holy” has emerged in the vocabulary of philosophers, sociologists and the historians of religions. Common characteristics of these different interpretations were recognition that the holy is the ultimate total value and meaning of life and as such must be opposed to the profane. Besides the opposition of holy / profane, however, the holy includes some immanent opposition of a positive, vitalizing power and a danger that implicate rigorous prohibition against the touching the holy objects. The main aim of the article is to show that last mentioned dichotomy is fundamental feature of the holy.
Cynicism and Nihilism
Authors: Gutauskas Mintautas
Published: January 2019

This article compares cynicism and nihilism, based on their ontological premises. One can notice that they are frequently considered as identical in the public discourse; indeed, they seem similar due to their relationship with morality and values; they both exercise negation and unmasking. However, it can be proven that they differ in terms of their ontological premises: while cynicism is based on the cynical realism, which is constituted in the perspective of the naked truth, nihilism is a form of thinking, which annihilates the possibility of realism itself and extinguishes the distinction between reality and illusion. Both of them are also compared from the aspect of reflexivity: nihilism is shown as a reflective thinking, while cynicism turns out to be a “practical” thinking without self-reflection. Finally, it is shown that although the truth of both nihilism and cynicism is enrooted in performativity, it is constituted differently by the way of unmasking.
The Ontology of Montage and Beyond It
Authors: Milerius Nerijus
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the so-called pan-aesthetical ambition of montage (editing) according to which montage is not a merely technical element of a film, but the way to edit cinematic images, thinking, worldview, history, etc. It is argued that the origins of such pan-aesthetics of montage could be found primarily not in cinema itself. As an example of such pre-cinematographic notion of montage pan-aesthetics, a fragment of Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary could be analyzed. It’s already in this fragment where the ambition of the literary montage to disclose much more than a simple literary description could manage is evident. Cinematic montage borrows this strategy and always declares the ambition to reach the limits of the visible and the presentable. Something that could not be depicted, the interval, becomes the means to go beyond the technical understanding of montage and to transform it into a peculiar form of thinking or exposition. It is argued in the article that such pan-aesthetic strategy is the very element of modernity. Referring to the excerpts from the films of Griffith and Eisenstein, it is demonstrated how the invisible (the interval) is used in the construction of the visible. The invisible (the interval) becomes the most essential criterion to classify the schools or types of montage.It is concluded that cinema abandons its ambition to transform the montage into the universal principle of constructing the whole. Nevertheless, also in the contemporary cinema, one could find the interpretations of montage according to which the montage is something more, something that surpasses the technical procedure of a mere editing.
Susvetimėjimas ir vaizduotė. Charlie Kaufmano „Sinekdocha, Niujorkas“
Authors: Sabolius Kristupas
Published: January 2019

Straipsnis nagrinėja laiko, vaizduotės ir sintezės santykį Charlie’o Kaufmano filme „Sinekdocha, Niujorkas“. Nesugebėdamas atrasti sąryšio tarp paskirų gyvenimo fragmentų, kitaip tariant, neįstengdamas „sujungti pradžios su pabaiga“, pagrindinis „Sinekdochos“ herojus Cadenas viską vienijančios jungties prasmės ima ieškoti meno kūrinyje. Statomas spektaklis turėtų užtikrinti visa apimančią struktūrą – būtent spektaklio užbaigtumas suteikia viltį, kad pradžios ir pabaigos, taip pat jas siejančio vidurio ryšys egzistuoja ir Cadeno gyvenime. Tačiau, siekdamas vienovės, Cadenas susiduria su vaizduotės, kuri mums suteikia pačią radikaliausią kitybės patirtį, problema. Chronologinę tėkmę iškomponuojanti ir perkomponuojanti spektaklio repeticijų eiga, o kartu filmo montažinė seka – sutrikdydama ir išderindama „normalų suvokimą“ – atgaivina sąmonės gyvybingumą akistatoje su savo paties mirtimi. Straipsnyje aptinkamas mirtingumo įsisąmoninimo modelis atveria gilesnės tikrovės vizijas, o išsilaisvinimas iš tapatybių susisieja su laikiniais Kitybės patyrimo modusais.
Nietzsche and Wittgenstein: Cinematic Margins
Authors: Baranova Jūratė
Published: January 2019

The article consists of two logically independent parts. The first one deals with the influence of Wittgenstein and Nietzsche on the philosophy of cinema of Stanley Cavell and Gilles Deleuze, presupposing that the first one was more influenced by the former and the other one by the latter. The article also expresses some attempts to compare the two philosophies of cinema. The author discerns one common aspect: in opposition to the analytical and phenomenological trend, they both do not question the nature of cinematic experience and the intentionalism / nonintentionalism dilemma. On the other hand, they expose two different attitudes towards the meeting of thought and emotion in cinema practice. A detailed analysis of the integration of Nietszchean ideas in Deleuze’s philosophy of cinema reveals several possibilities for philosophy and cinema to meet. Firstly, the interpreter is able to use philosophical concepts for the experimental explanation of cinema; secondly, one can see cinema and philosophy as one problemic tisssue; thirdly, it is possible to consider (reasonably or not) some philosophical insights as an intention of the cinema director. The other part of the article is devoted to the image of Nietszche and Wittgesntein in the art of cinema, created by Liliana Cavani and Derek Jarman. The analysis shows that not all movies about philosophers have something to do with philosophy itself. The author discusses the four movies created by Cavani (The Night Porter (1974), Beyond Good and Evil (1977), The Berlin Affair (1983), Francesco (1989)), and concludes that one cannot discern any philosophical aspect in the movie Beyond Good and Evil on Nietzsche’s biography. On the other hand, it doesnot mean that biographical movies have nothing to do with philosophy. Derek Jarman’s movie Wittgesntein (1993) demonstrates the possibility of a creative integration of philosophical thinking into the tissue of the experimental cinema.
Total recall. New practices of memory and imagination in Venice biennale 2013
Authors: Sabolius Kristupas
Published: January 2019

The author examines the re-actualization of memory and imagination in contemporary art practices. Departing from the idea of “Encyclopedic Palace” proposed by Massimiliano Gioni, the main curator of Venice Biennale 2013, it aims to relate architecture, knowledge and memory through various forms of imagination. Focusing on the creative practices by Aurélien Froment and his work “Camillo’s Idea”, a film featuring a mnemonist in the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, who demonstrates her own feats of memory and recites the history of mnemonics, it analyses the problematic relationship among media images, mental states, and corporeal experiences. Bydeploying various theories and takes on the imaginary by Bernard Stiegler, Pietro Montani, Jean-Jacques Wunenburger, Joel Candau, this paper unfolds the dynamic interaction between symbolic imagination and mediated forms of life.
Rabbinic hermeneutics, Torah and the problem of Emmanuel Levinas’ jewish particularism
Authors: Pažėraitė Aušra Kristina
Published: January 2019

In this paper, the constituents of the rabbinic hermeneutical approach to the Bible, which were important to Emmanuel Lévinas, are analysed through the theory of intertextuality. These constituents are the basic premise of priority of the text (Torah) and of the necessity of its interpretation by the interpretive community. The rabbinic notion of Torah as an Ur-text thus avoids logocentrism as well as the classical opposition Mythos / Logos in terms of the opposition Fiction / Truth. The concept of Mythos as a creation of imagination (as a metaphor or Story) that reveals the particularities enables one to involve it in the “universalizing” philosophical discourseas successfully as Greek myths were incorporated in the discourses of Ancient Greek philosophers. The author of this paper emphasizes that the “particularity” of Lévinas consists in the fact that his preferred “myths” in his Talmudic lectures and Judaic reflexions are driven from another source. Intellectual activity in Judaism as a “foundation of spiritual life” is based on hermeneutics which emphasizes the intellectual activity of the reader and presupposes the necessary polyphony of the “multiplicity of persons” with individual particular perspectives. The paper maintains that Lévinas, while discussing this hermeneutics (performing refined universalizations from these particularities), engages himself in the dialogue with the text, and this engagement can be seen as the hermeneutics of the reader whose particularity and historical context matters as well. For Lévinas, this hermeneutics allows him to use classical rabbinic texts, primarily the Talmud, as a potential source of concrete images for his philosophical thought, with the discussions of Talmudic sages serving as a guidance which may indicate the possible vectors of the meaning. Thus, the paper concludes that in the perspective of the theory of intertextuality, Lévinas is involved by these texts in the Jewish intertextuality, and this makes him part of the history of the Jewish Thought.