bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blagonravov Continuously Variable Transmission: computational model of load distribution over elements of control system
Authors: Soldatkin V A , Yurkevich A V , Tereshin A V
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a kinematic scheme of a differential planetary control gear designed to change the vibration amplitude of the intermediate links of the Blagonravov mechanical continuously variable transmission on the move and under load. A computational model of load distribution over the elements of the planetary gear is developed. The influence of the internal gear ratio and vibration amplitude on the load distribution is estimated. The established dependencies are recommended to be applied when choosing the drive motor power of the transmission control system.
Damage assessment of materials at low temperatures using the parameter of the fractal dimension of the microstructure
Authors: Kabaldin Y G , Khlybov A A , Anosov M S , Shatagin D A
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of the microstructure of steel 12Kh18N10T in the zone of intense deformation during fatigue loading. An algorithm for quantitative analysis of the microstructure of a material based on an indicator of fractal dimension is described. The studies have led to the conclusion that the fractal dimension of the microstructure of the material can serve as an indicator of its damage in a wide temperature range, and used as a quantitative criterion for the prefracture of the material, both during laboratory tests and during operation.
Involute Teeth with Variable Base Diameter
Authors: Seregin A , Kravtsov A
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research. The reserve of increasing the durability of gears of machines and mechanisms and reducing the costs of their maintenance and repair is shown to reduce wear of the surfaces of the teeth. The dependences for the calculation and construction of the profile of the teeth of the wheels, providing a decrease in the coefficient of relative slip. Using formulas in polar coordinates for the angle of deployment of the tooth profile involute, a new shape of the lateral profile of the gear teeth is obtained.
Hydraulic shock suppression mechanism of the hydraulic drive
Authors: Fomenko N A , Burlachenko O V , Lyashenko A A
Published: December 2020

Researches show that hydraulic shock provokes premature destruction of hydraulic drive high-pressure hoses and unauthorized emission of working fluid into the atmosphere, resulting in environmental pollution. There are ways to protect the machines hydraulic transmission based on the principle of automatic disconnection from the working fluid supply at the hoses damage. However, well known protecting methods do not solve the mentioned problem completely as the hydrodynamic alternating loads caused by hydraulic impact at operation activating when the closing device of the hydraulic drive protecting system do not only destroy the hoses, but also lead to oscillatory process of the locking device shutter, decrease in speed of locking device operation, increase in closing time of the damaged hydraulic line and consequentially increase in a working liquid losses at a high pressure hoses destruction. To eliminate the above-mentioned deficiencies, theoretical and experimental research of the devices parametric characteristics was carried out and a new technical solution was developed which provides increase of closing device functional use while the cotemporaneous design simplifying.
Stress waves in a cylindrical body interacting with external medium
Authors: Sultanov K S , Khusanov B E , Rikhsieva B B
Published: December 2020

The unsteady-state axisymmetric problem of longitudinal interaction of a cylindrical body with external elastic medium is considered in the paper. The condition of Coulomb friction is accepted at the contact boundary. The solution is implemented by the finite difference method. The results are shown in graphs and analyzed. The changes in stress, velocity, and displacement of particles at some points of a cylindrical body and external medium are presented. An increase in longitudinal stresses and particle velocities in the cylinder was determined when compared to a given load due to the outflow of strain energy from the external medium. The mechanism of strain energy redistribution and friction forces formation is shown, the changes in the direction of contact forces action are revealed. A significant violation of the uniform deformability of the medium, and possible maximum value that occurs in a cylindrical body, is determined. The established dependences of tangential stresses on relative displacements qualitatively coincide with experimental data obtained during the interaction of fragments of underground pipelines with soil.
To the question of the distribution of the workload between the teeth of chain gear sprockets
Authors: Nekrasov Ya A , Sobolev A N , Arbuzov M O , Rivkin A V
Published: December 2020

Approaches and methods for solving the problem of the distribution of the workload between the teeth of chain gear sprockets are considered. A review of research on this topic is given. In accordance with the premise that the elastic deformations of chain links and sprocket teeth have a decisive influence on the distribution of workload between teeth, an automated calculation technique is proposed. According to the results of the calculation, the number of simultaneously transmitting the main share of the working load of the teeth of the sprockets is limited and ranges from one to three.
Research of sparing technologies of tunneling
Authors: Pishchukhin A M , Akhmedyanova G F
Published: December 2020

In the work, various tunneling technologies were considered. Separately analyzed force factors and torque. The axial and radial forces acting on the breed arising in the presence of a conical part of the tool are estimated. Three ways to balance the torque are considered. A moments alignment device is described for a method by dividing a penetration zone into annular and circular parts. As a criterion for the choice of technology, it is proposed to use the indicator of the stress-strain state that occurs at the time of penetration, calculated in accordance with the theory of the highest tangential stresses. The study of four different tunneling technologies by the selected criterion showed that they can be ranked by the created stress-strain state. At the same time, the generated stresses are affected not only by the driving conditions in the form of axial force and torque, but also by the presence and size of the conical part of the tool, as well as torque equalization devices. The smallest stresses in the rock are created with direct selection technology, since there is no torque, and due to local selection with a small tool, the axial pressure decreases. In second place in preference is the technology with equalization of moments, however, it is based on a rather complex technical device. The largest load on the breed is provided by the shield technology of sinking due to the simultaneous presence of both axial force and torque.
Assessment of the influence of contact surface roughness on thermal conductivity
Authors: Ezhov A D , Bykov L V , Golikov N S
Published: December 2020

The presented work describes a modified technique for numerical modeling the characteristics of contact pairs in technical systems, based on the use of microgeometry parameters of contacting surfaces. The microgeometry parameters of the contacting surfaces are determined according to the measurements of their roughness profile. The described technique allows one to reduce significantly the sample size of the values of local extrema of microprotrusions and microdepressions that have a real impact on the value of contact thermal resistance. The described technique can significantly reduce time and hardware costs and simplify the calculation procedure itself. In addition, the proposed methodology by introducing a specified sampling interval allows you to set the required level of accuracy at the initial stage.
Simulation of satellite bearings loading in planetary cycloid gear
Authors: Tchufistov E A , Tchufistov O E
Published: December 2020

The loading of satellite bearings of planetary cycloid gearbox is a very important characteristic that can determine its operability. The article presents an analysis of changes in the main parameters of gear loading. Initially, the loading analysis of satellite bearings for the starting position was performed, taking into account the manufacturing tolerances. After that, the change in loading during the satellite rotation was considered. The gear was considered with stationary input shaft and rotating pinwheel and satellite. To establish relationships between parameters in the gear, mathematical models of the satellite’s force interaction with the pin-rollers and pins of the output shaft were used. The computer experiment used the MathCad package. The results of the analysis showed how the forces on the bearing change with increasing clearances at a constant torque on the output shaft. It was found that the gear operation is accompanied by a continuous change in the forces acting on the bearing.
Study of a throttle work-fluid flow regulations characteristics of the electro hydraulic actuator under aerodynamic load
Authors: Lalabekov V I , Obolenskiy V Y , Obolenskiy Y G , Samsonovich S L
Published: December 2020

This article addresses the issue of external load influence on characteristics of electrohydraulic actuator throttle regulation. Hinge moment, constant and inertial load as well as viscous friction and working fluid compressibility were considered as an external load. In research of «ultimate» dynamics actuator’s capabilities external load has the greatest impact, thus actuator’s bandwidth is reduced and phase delay is increased. The result of these influences on static and dynamic characteristics is proposed to be called «the throttle effect» in electro hydraulic actuators. Taking into account «throttle effect» of electrohydraulic actuator’s mathematical model was obtained.
Modeling of non-contact atomic force microscope with two-term excitations
Authors: Bahrami Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2020

The goal of this article is to study the dynamical behavior of atomic force microscope cantilever in its non-contact mode of operation. The lumped parameter model is used to construct the mathematical model of the cantilever. The tip of the cantilever is excited by two harmonic terms and is in interaction with the sample surface. The Van der Waals force, tip-sample interaction force, makes the system nonlinear. Using multiple scales method, the frequency response equation is found. The effects on the amplitude of excitations, the damping coefficient, and initial sample – tip distance is studied and presented as the results.
Improving the mechanical and operational characteristics of aluminum alloys by multi-contact deformation treatment
Authors: Kirichek A V , Barinov S V , Yashin A V
Published: December 2020

Experimental studies of the possibility of improving the mechanical and operational characteristics of aluminium alloys by surface plastic deformation (SPD) have been carried out. As a processing method, wave strain hardening (WSH) was chosen. The adaptation of the existing equipment for hardening aluminium alloys was carried out and the limiting technological modes of processing were established. As a result of experimental studies of hardened samples, it was found possible to provide a hardened layer depth of 10 mm with a maximum degree of hardening 2.12 times higher than the original, as well as the possibility of increasing the operational characteristic - resistance fatigue - up to 3 times is established.
Synthesis of the Reflective Surface on an Elastic Shell
Authors: Nemenko Alexandra V , Nikitin Michael M
Published: December 2020

We consider the method for obtaining a surface that asymptotically approaches the necessary for converging convergent beams into parallel ones by directed action on the elastic shell, in particular, on a flat flexible disk. A condition is formulated for the coefficients of the power series expansion of the solution of the differential equation of bending, under which the resulting surface will (from the center to the edges) asymptotically approach the surface of a paraboloid of revolution, which gives an exact solution. We formulate this condition by the theorem about the limit of a complex-valued function given by the vector of coefficients of its analytic element. The physical basis of the method is the effect of pulling or pushing elements, the selection of which ensures the necessary transformation of the existing shell.
Effectiveness of introducing innovative solutions in machine-building as a factor of competitive immunity of the enterprise
Authors: Blinkov Igor , Blinkov Oleg
Published: December 2020

The implementation of an innovation process at a machine-building enterprise provides a systematic approach to the formation of competitive immunity. The article deals with an assessment methodology which enables the necessary control over the innovation process implementation, minimizes costs for innovative activity, and helps to adjust the innovation process direction in the optimal way. The significance and attractiveness of this methodology is due to the fact that it can be applied for industrial enterprises of any economic branches regardless of the lifecycle phase of a product, enterprise and/or innovation process under study, because the list and number of specific indicators can be adjusted by the working group both before conducting the study and during the process of implementing the enterprise’s innovative activity (at any stage of its implementation). The application of the competitive immunity formation strategy during the innovation processes implementation will help to create a model of industrial partnership development, which will ensure the competitive coexistence of machine-building enterprises.
Identification of failure patterns of excavator equipment failures considering the control factor
Authors: Dyorina N V , Velikanov V S , Dyorina K S
Published: December 2020

Within the conditions of increasing open pit mining, an urgent problem is improving the efficiency of mining excavators. The variety of parameters, properties and characteristics that determine the quality of functioning, poses the problem of using fuzzy methods to evaluate them. Due to the fact that the loads arising in the working equipment of mining excavators are determined by a large number of different factors that are difficult to imagine by analytical formulas, i.e. these factors are mostly random, it is necessary to implement models using non-standard approaches. In this study, we used the methodology of the theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy sets, which allows overcoming the difficulties associated with the incompleteness and vagueness of the data in assessing the prediction of the forces arising in the working equipment of mining excavators, as well as with the qualitative nature of these data.
Improving the algorithm for selecting welding mode parameters under the impact of boundary conditions of the workpiece
Authors: Melnikov A Yu , Sholokhov M A , Buzorina D S
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the application of a mathematical model of heat transfer during welding to create an algorithm for choosing the welding mode parameters during programming of automatic welding systems. The results of the industrial implementation of a robotic welding system equipped with a developed algorithm for choosing a welding mode are presented.
Development of neural network for control production process in oil and gas fields
Authors: Sharipov M I
Published: December 2020

For a long time there has been a tendency to increase field productivity, therefore, increasing oil recovery is the main task for fuel and energy complex. Currently, neural networks are increasingly used in various industries. The advantage of neural networks is to work with a large amount of data, however, it must have sufficient data sets collected and prepared for its operation, thereby achieving high decision accuracy. When developing oil and gas fields, the main task is to ensure maximum production from an economic and physical point of view. Oil production at oil and gas fields varies in volume, complexity, operating conditions, etc., therefore, it is necessary to find the optimal production conditions for each field. At the moment, the main problems in oil production at oil and gas fields are: the long processing time of data collected from wells, the increased risks of operating these wells, as well as the low amount of oil produced. The main objective of this study is to develop a control method us in artificial intelligence to control the production process in oil and gas fields, taking in to account all factors, in order to maximize oil production. In the course of this study, direct transmission to the neural network was obtained, which allows oil to be extracted at oil and gas fields, taking into account all factors. The resulting neural network, without reconfiguring weighted connections, generates output signals when applied to the input to the network. The resulting neural network expresses the patterns that are present in the input data. This network turns out to be the functional equivalent of some model of dependencies between variables.
Experimental study of welding torch positioning parameters influence on overlap joint formation
Authors: Yu K Trukhanov , Bulychov V V , Shatalov M I
Published: December 2020

The article presents the experimental results demonstrating the influence of welding torch positioning parameters on the overlap joint formation. Effect of welding torch tilt angle and its displacement relative to joint and lap joint assembly gap on joint formation quality was evaluated. The general recommendations for choosing the welding torch positioning parameters depending on joint gap size were established.
Confirmation of the reproducibility of the measurement process by evaluating the measurement uncertainty in accordance with the industry standard
Authors: Loktev D A , Kapitanov A V , Egorov S B , Moklyachenko A V
Published: December 2020

Currently, quality management issues of modern automated production facilities are becoming increasingly relevant in connection with development and implementation of innovative metrological systems used in production quality management systems. The problem of making decisions on conformity of products to the established requirements, taking into account measurement uncertainty, is essentially one of the determining problems of quality assurance, since in order to avoid incorrect decisions when accepting products, it is necessary to be able to evaluate (calculate) the size of the measurement uncertainty area. The article provides an improved procedure for calculating uncertainty, which helps to avoid making such decisions.
Optimization of measuring instruments’ composition at the enterprise
Authors: Ostapenko M S , Kalimullina Z A
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the component of metrological production support of a life-supporting enterprise-the work of monitoring the water pressure in the pipelines of a workshop for operating networks and booster pumping stations. Features of the current system of metrological production support are considered and characteristic shortcomings are revealed. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors propose a solution whose purpose is to optimize the existing set of measuring instruments located in the metrological department of the enterprise, considering an important component-the economic criterion.
Technological quality maintenance of finishing robotic machining in mechanical engineering
Authors: Vartanov M V , Vlasov A S
Published: December 2020

Give consideration to development of robotic systems in modern mechanical engineering, as well as the advantages of their introduction into production to perform mechanical machining of work-piece. Schemes of operations using robots are given, as well as the main types of robotic systems used in mechanical engineering. Description provided to the experimental setup for finishing robotic machining. The results of field research to find the optimal cutting conditions that provide the required surface quality after processing are described.
Frequency-current control. Modeling. Optimization
Authors: Mikhailov P G , Ermilina O V , Budagovsky D A , Basarbay L
Published: December 2020

To increase frequency-current-controlled asynchronous engine performance and to improve its startup and shutdown response abstract models and circuit implementations were developed. Adding feedbacks on various grades allowed to optimize rotor speed control for various engine operating modes. Suggested circuit implementations and microprocessor and software integration allowed to reduce noise, to calculate speed and to reduce startup currents. An extreme control implementation was suggested. MATLAB Simulink models were developed allowing to optimize automated control system configuration.
Simulation of the steelmaking process using collision avoiding cranes moving models
Authors: Antonova Anna , Aksyonov Konstantin
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses a steelmaking process and its optimisation using simulation. The optimisation goal is to reduce the total distance travelled by cranes in all spans as well as to reduce the steel waiting time before casting on a continuous casting machine. Models of the process under study have been developed in the AnyLogic simulation software and the modelling subsystem of the metallurgical enterprise automated system. A comparative analysis of the simulation results has been conducted. All results are feasible in terms of meeting the technological constraint on the steel downtime in front of the continuous casting machine for no more than 15 minutes. When comparing two collision avoiding cranes moving models, a choice has been made in favour of a model that provides cranes movement to the nearest steel processing aggregate. Using this model allows to reduce the total path travelled by cranes by 6%. The results of using different modelling systems are consistent.
Simulation of adaptive drill machines with hydraulic drive
Authors: Lemeshko M A , Zibrov V A , Bashnyak S E
Published: December 2020

In a number of technological machines, the drive performs two related working movements. As you know, most of the machines used for Metalworking, also have a drive with one or two engines, which provides a working process with two movements of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece or part. As a rule, this is rotational and translational motion. The ratio of the speeds of these movements, or the ratio of the two movements, determines the modes and indicators of the cutting process. This ratio is often optimal. The article deals with the method of modeling the adaptive drilling machine, as an example of studying and analyzing the automatic process of maintaining rational cutting conditions with two related working movements. In this case, the feed force can be greater than the nominal value within the power and strength limitations, or be negative, providing reverse movement of the drill in case of jamming. What is new is that the simulation of the adaptive machine operation process is performed, showing the features of the adaptation process, self-adjustment of the drive to rational cutting conditions, with a change in the strength of the drilled material. In particular, it is possible to configure the adaptive scheme to the required degree of adaptation. Equations and the developed method of the analysis of the adaptive drive executed on the basis of two differentials are given.
Development of a process resource balancing method based on integration of network planning and multi-agent approach
Authors: Aksyonov Konstantin , Aksonova Olga , Ziomkovskaya Polina , Kai Wang
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the method of balancing multi-agent resource conversion processes based on the analysis and elimination of bottlenecks, compression procedures and expansion procedures, network planning. A multi-agent process of resource conversion model is used to model and optimize technological, logistic and organizational (business) processes. The method of balancing the multi-agent process of resource conversion is programmatically implemented in an automated system for the release of metallurgical products.
Self-adjusting differential rotary feeding system of the drilling rig
Authors: Busygin A M
Published: December 2020

The article discusses in detail all existing types of self-adjusting rotary feeding systems (RFS) of drilling rigs, analyses their advantages and disadvantages. A kinematic diagram of a self-adjusting RFS of a differential drilling rig is shown, which significantly eliminates the drawbacks of the self-adjusting RFS of drilling rigs discussed above.
Device for automatic pressure regulation in a chamber with a liquid technological medium isolated from the pressure source
Authors: Pashkov E V , Polivtsev V P , Polivtsev V V , Vozhzhov A A
Published: December 2020

The functional capabilities of traditional devices for automatic pressure control of various liquid media are analyzed. A diagram of a device for smoothly changing the pressure of a liquid process medium in a chamber with a built-in metal bellows hydraulic displacer, the cavity of which is connected by a pressure-drain pipeline with built-in proportional flow regulator and a shut-off valve with a pressure source for the liquid working medium, is considered. Smooth pressure change is ensured by changing the switching frequency of the shut-off valve.
Pressing tubes with conical-stepped needles computer simulating
Authors: Kargin B V , Zhivaeva V V , Bukin P N
Published: December 2020

There are the results of computer simulating using DEFORM-2D specialized software and experimental researches during the pressing of aluminium alloys tubes with conical-stepped needles. On the basis of the experiment mathematical planning and dividing coordinate grid the influence of the taper angle and needle position to the pressing stress and the intensity of deformation relative to the die parallel land was established. The optimal parameters determining methods of conical-stepped needles geometry were proposed.
Communication channel management system in mechanical engineering
Authors: Filatov V I , Popov A M , Valiev R M , Sidorov D E
Published: December 2020

The article proposes new methods for code-division multiplexing of communication channels and a comparative assessment of spectral efficiency of the proposed methods with the known methods. The analysis of channel multiplexing methods for communication systems is carried out and the possibilities of increasing the interference immunity and security of the signal structure under the operation conditions of communication systems in a busy frequency range are considered.
Peculiarities of the foreign manufactures cars recycling in Russia
Authors: Kuznetsova E Y , Amosov N A , Podoliak O O , Zykova M A
Published: December 2020

The main elements of the vehicle recycling system in Russia are considered on the example of passenger cars. The main problems of decommissioned vehicles recycling in the context of a cyclical economy development are described. The article presents a critique of the current state recycling policy. The strategy for the development of recycling projects that can be implemented both by the state and by private companies entrusted by the state is suggests. The article presents a structural analysis of imported cars, foreign brands of Russian production and domestic cars from the total sales for 2017 and 2018. Data on sales volumes of the best-selling car models in Russia are presented. The main advantages of the production of foreign cars in Russia in terms of the impact on the emerging Russian recycling system for decommissioned vehicles are identified. Recommendations on implementation of projects related to recycling and calculation of recycling fees are offered. The study developed two ways to use recycled material from car recycling, which can recoup some of the costs of recycling, increase the percentage of import substitution of components for the automotive industry and create a closed-cycle economy.
An analisys the energy and raw materials structure of household and industrial waste management
Authors: Dyakonov E M , Papin V V , Bezuglov R V , Ivanov V V
Published: December 2020

This article explores the issue of developing the structure of fuel and raw material resources that provides for the disposal of various types a waste. In this case, the waste will be used as secondary raw materials or as fuel for the production of thermal or electric energy. The structure will significantly reduce the number of waste landfills in the country, which is especially important in the current situation of waste management. The scalability property of the structure makes it possible to apply it both to a group of enterprises and to an entire region. The most relevant publications examining the issues of waste management and processing are considered. As an example, we consider the current situation in terms of waste management in the Rostov region. The mutual arrangement of the largest waste landfills and industrial enterprises is given. A structure is proposed that ensures the rationalization of the raw material structure of each enterprises, as well as reducing the quantity and volume of waste landfills in the region.
Influence of design and technological parameters on the efficiency of the granular filter
Authors: Sharapov R R
Published: December 2020

The main types of devices for separating dust from process gases are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are indicated. Granular filters are noted as the most effective ones. They can work in a very aggressive environment, both chemically active and with high-temperature gases. The design of a granular filter with high efficiency of cleaning dusty gases is proposed. An experimental installation of a granular filter was created for experimental confirmation of the high efficiency of the proposed filter design. The material used in the experimental setup as a filter material, its mineralogical and chemical composition are described. The central composite rotatable plan of the fractional factor experiment was chosen as the main plan of the experiment. To conduct experimental studies, the studied factors and levels of variation were determined. Based on the results of the experiment, a regression equation was obtained that expresses the efficiency of the cleaning process from the structural and technological parameters of the granular filter in encoded form. Graphical dependence of the effect of main design-technological parameters of granular filter efficiency depending on the time of his work were done. The high efficiency of the proposed granular filter for cleaning process gases from highly dispersed dust has been experimentally proved.
Discrete model of hybrid stepper motor by optimal state space control
Authors: Lekomtsev P V
Published: December 2020

The article provides an overview of modern control methods of a stepper motor. Continuous and discrete models of a hybrid stepper motor in the state space have been developed. At each step of the control algorithm, the required torque is set in the state matrix and the values of the optimal voltage in the dq frame used in field oriented control are calculated.
Balanced management of innovative sustainable development of the petroleum and gas chemical complex
Authors: Zotov M A , Ponikarova A S , Kadeeva E N
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the issues of balanced management of innovative sustainable development, taking into account the vitality factor to improve the efficiency of innovative processes of organizations. The significance of a complex of management measures in the general management system in the process of introducing innovations in conditions of uncertainty and risks is determined. The interrelation of the components within the framework of the balanced management model of the company is considered; the role of the internal state of the economic system in this process is determined, as well as the restrictions, the impact on which will increase efficiency of the processes under consideration are identified. Based on the results of the study, a model for assessing balanced management is proposed, taking into account the innovative nature of the company’s development and the factor of the organization’s vitality. Thanks to this technique, it is possible not only to determine the quality of the management system for innovative sustainable development, considering the state of vitality of the economic system, but also to identify directions for its improvement and development.
Creating a project for modernizing the feeding balls device to a ball mill using 3D modeling
Authors: Naumova M G , Morozova I G , Aliev Kh B
Published: December 2020

The work is dedicated to the engineering and 3D modeling of an automated device for feeding balls to the mill in the MMPs mill drum. The new device will reduce labor costs and risks of injury to employees. Also, the new design will increase the productivity of the Copper concentrator (MOF) by increasing the speed of filling the mill drum with grinding balls.
Development of a method for automatic compensation of energy dependence of the sensitivity
Authors: Moiseev Dmitriy , Lukina Lidiya
Published: December 2020

One of the main tasks of radiation safety is to determine the degree of exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) on a substance and a person, due to the exposure dose (ED) and the power of the exposure dose (PED). The solution of this problem imposes certain requirements for the accuracy of measurements, which is numerically represented as the calculation of absolute and relative error. The paper analyzes the normative documents regulating the accuracy of ED and PED determination, and calculates the components of measurement error.
Application of agile methodology at industrial manufacturing as part of the Industry 4.0
Authors: Kovalev I A , Kvashnin D Yu , Chervonnova N Yu , Nikich A N
Published: December 2020

Many industrial manufacturing and enterprises are currently undergoing a digital transformation phase. The digital transformation of a manufacturing is a complex and multilateral process that affects almost all levels of production. For some, this is a necessary step that will reduce production costs, for others it is an opportunity to rethink the business processes of building a full-fledged digital production with the implementation of the concepts of Industry 4.0. This transition is mainly based on the principles of data collection, storage and processing, followed by analysis and the possibility of impact on production. But also an important factor is the approach to planning the activities of the enterprises. At the same time, the combination of flexible management methodologies with the possibility of obtaining data on the state of production will allow bringing existing business processes to a new level.
Measuring the energy efficiency of workplace lighting in industrial enterprises
Authors: Salnikov V V , Frantsuzova Y V
Published: December 2020

A model for evaluating the energy efficiency of workplace lighting in industrial enterprises is proposed. The energy efficiency of workplace lighting facilities in industrial enterprises should be understood as the ratio of the power of the artificial lighting object, necessary to bring the workplace illumination to normal, to the power consumed at a given time. An approach to monitoring the energy efficiency of workplace lighting in industrial enterprises is proposed.
Method of calculating volumetric scaffold of monolithic slab formwork
Authors: Kondratenko V E , Devyatiarova V V , Albul S V , Valeeva L M
Published: December 2020

Currently, when designing various residential buildings, there has been a tendency to use monolithic reinforced concrete to cover significant spans, often using structures with a complex geometric structure. This article proposes a methodology for calculating the permissible load on the scaffold racks from the conditions of strength and stability using the classical approaches of materials mechanics and structural mechanics for this purpose, in order to optimize the consumption of materials and to identify real “steps” of racks horizontally and vertically, while observing the requirements for such structures for strength and stability. Cases of non-standard arrangement of outside scaffold racks of monolithic slab’s formwork are considered.
Research into the use of digital technologies in business organisations across the North Eastern Region (NER)
Authors: Ahmedova Sibel
Published: December 2020

The present paper attempts to provide a valuable insight into the introduction and implementation of digital technologies in the business organisations within the North Eastern Region (NER) of the Republic of Bulgaria. In view of this, the study was carefully structured around the following indicators and baselines: provision of a strategy for the use of digital technologies in the surveyed enterprises; the completed phase or stage of introduction of digital technologies within the respective enterprise; planned levels ofinvestment and technology; evaluation of the potential effects of their efficient deployment. Drawn, accordingly, are several useful generalizations about the application of digital technologies in NER business organizations and devised is a set of possible alternative solutions as to their successful application and full implementation.
Comparison of geostationary and low-orbit “round dance” satellite communication systems
Authors: Reznik S V , Reut D V , Shustilova M S
Published: December 2020

Modern satellite navigations systems utilize high-orbit (mostly geostationary) and low-orbit satellites. Both satellite types have their advantages and disadvantages. A global communication system requires at least three or five GEO satellites with a life of 10 years, with each satellite costing around $200 million. Low-orbit global communication systems of the “round dance” type must have from hundreds to thousands of satellites. Their orbit life can range from 2 to 5 years; their cost must be between $1 million and $20 million. At this stage, there is a wide range of means for launching communications satellites into orbit, a large range of metal and composite structural materials. In addition, there are methods of designing, manufacturing, and testing communication satellites, as well as software and hardware for satellite control have been developed. So, the problem of economic optimization of communication satellite constellations becomes relevant. The paper presents the results of the comparative engineering and economic analysis of two types of satellite constellations.
Basic principles for describing the process of vibratory with an external source of dynamic impact
Authors: Levchenko Elena , Pokintelitsa Nikolay
Published: December 2020

The modern development of mechanical engineering requires high quality manufacturing of machine parts. The production experience testifies that high requirements to the quality of surface treatment of the parts need to be improved, in particular, in the finishing and clearing operations (FCO). Progressive method of processing parts is vibratory (V) on machines with U-shaped containers. Despite the positive practical experience of vibratory using in mechanical engineering, this method faces a number of problems related to the development of its theoretical foundations: equipment and tools are still imperfect; in the initial stage are works on managing of the V process; it is insufficiently studied the mechanism of surface layer formation at V. These problems hamper further development and improvement of the vibratory, which is very effective by its technological capabilities, and limit its wider introduction into industry. Efficiency of processing is provided by the right choice of equipment, schemes, and modes of processing, types of working environments. The mass of loading in the container of the machine does not absorb all the energy transmitted by the vibratory machine, but only part of it, the other part is non-productively dissipated. Therefore, the choice of the constructive scheme of the machine, on which the redistribution of these energies depends, is a crucial step, both in its design and in the management of the machining process.
Use of repair-recovery compositions for reducing the adhesion of soils to working bodies of machines
Authors: Zenkov S A , Lkhanag D
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the impact of repair-recovery compositions on the process of buildup of the soil working bodies of earthmoving machines. Adhesive forces can be reduced by creating an intermediate layer at the interface between the phases of the system “surface of the working member - the medium to be treated. This layer serves as a screen for intermolecular interaction forces of phases, has a small adhesion and cohesive interaction and has a “lubricating” effect, i.e. provides the possibility of relative displacement of phase working surfaces. Experimental work is conducted in accordance with the mathematical theory of planning of experiments (plan Box 3). After handling of an experiment graphical dependences of effort of shift from a surface without repair and recovery structures and with use of repair and recovery structures were received. The experiments carried out showed that when the RVS is applied, the adhesion of the soil to the metal surface of the digger’s working member is reduced by an average of 18%.
Nonwoven polylactide fibers: properties and application
Authors: Tertyshnaya Yu V , Skorokhodova A N , Shibryeva L S , Ivanitskikh A S
Published: December 2020

Non-woven argofibers based on polylactic acid and poly-3-hydroxybuturate was obtained by electrospinning. An experiment on growing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on non-woven polymer substrates was carried out. High seeding qualities of wheat seeds are shown both in the control sample and on the fibers. It is determined that the mass of the plant, the length of the roots is greater in plants sprouted on non-woven fibers PLA and PLA-PHB. During the growth and development of plants, the resulting non-woven materials undergo biodegradation. Thermophysical parameters of nonwoven agrofibers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry.
Method for determining dynamic coefficient of friction of bodies
Authors: Borzilov Yu P , Yerovenko V N , Misirov D N , Semergey S V
Published: December 2020

To study the effect of the material and the roughness of the impact surface, the velocity of impact interaction and the properties of bodies on the value of the dynamic coefficient of friction, a shock testing machine is proposed that provides an impact contact effect on the bodies in a plane located at an angle adjustable from 0 to 45 ° relative to the normal line drawn to the point of impact, in the range of speeds from 12 to 72 m/sec. It is found that at an impact velocity of 25 m/sec with an increase in the angle of inclination of the impact steel plane, the angle of friction and the corresponding dynamic coefficient of friction increase in a linear relationship. The maximum values of angles φ and dynamic coefficients of friction f make: - for steel balls φ = 8.3°, f = 0.146; - for lead balls φ = 11.4°, f = 0.167; - for grains of the wheat φ = 6.8°, f = 0.12. The results obtained indicate that the elastoplastic properties and shape of the bodies do not have any significant effect on the angles of reflection of bodies from the impact plane.
Automated device for the differential application of herbicides in the near-trunk zone of fruit
Authors: Filippov R A , Khort D O , Kutyrev A I
Published: December 2020

The information on the justification of the design parameters of the spraying unit of the herbicidal sprayer is provided. A technical description of the operation of the sprayer with an automated system for deflecting the spray unit from the axis of the row is given. The results of field studies of the herbicidal treatment of fruit crops by an automated device for applying herbicides to the near-stem zone of the orchard using an additional air flow are obtained.
Improving the properties of wheeled steel during thermal repair
Authors: Gubenko S I , Ivanov I A , Kononov D P , Urushev S V
Published: December 2020

The purpose: to increase durability and life of railway wheels and to reduce the cost of purchasing new ones by restoring the mechanical properties of the metal rim and improving its structure. Methods: study using a multiple electron microscope and local X-ray spectral analysis of wheeled steel after induction thermocyclic processing at a high-frequency facility and in a state of delivery. Results: The structure resulting from induction thermocyclic processing - sorbit leads to the formation of compressive stresses, which has a positive effect on the efficiency of the surface of the wheel. As a result, the reliability of the wheel on accidental failures (cranks, chippings, etc.) is improved and, as a result, the safety of the operation of rolling stock is improved. Practical importance: the rational use of induction wheel heating technology will improve the efficiency of the use of rolling stock by significantly reducing the number of purchases of new wheel pairs.
Methodology for determining the professional qualities of motor vehicle drivers
Authors: Ageev Evgeny , Vinogradov Evgeny , Novikov Alexandr
Published: December 2020

This article examines the factors that affect road safety in the Driver-Car-Road-Traffic Environment system, and defines the characteristics of the actions performed that are necessary for the vehicle operator. The author’s version of improving the system of training candidates drivers, by determining the professional qualities of the system “driver-operator” of vehicles. The algorithm for checking the readiness of candidates for drivers is presented, taking into account individual personal qualities. To determine the quantitative parameter for assessing readiness to perform actions in the professional training system, the use of the graphical method “Spider CIS” is proposed, which allows determining the most optimal variant of the training system, and including additional classes, if necessary, taking into account individual and personal qualities.
Efficiency of using dump trucks BELAZ-75180
Authors: Lagunova Yuliya , Bochkov Vladimir , Horoshavin Sergey
Published: December 2020

A comparative analysis of operational characteristics when using a different type of chassis of BELAZ-75180 mining dump trucks was performed. It is shown that the choice of the type and means of mining transport is determined by several factors, and, first of all, the characteristics of the cargo being transported, the distance of transportation, speed of flights, and the leverage for the given period. The power of vehicles and the performance of a mining dump truck depend on the scale of work (cargo turnover). The dependence of energy consumption during transport work on a quarry on the average size of pieces of rock is disclosed. The analysis of the dependence of the number of backup dump trucks on their number operating in a specific period is given. As a result of the analysis of operational characteristics, it was found that the chassis type of the BELAZ-75180 mining dump truck significantly affects its performance.
Study of the process of introducing coordinated management on the principle of «green wave»
Authors: Dorokhin S V , Artemov A Y , Gigadlo A P
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the existing types of road network management, considers the process of introducing coordinated management in more detail. The basic principles of the organization of this type of control using traffic lights are determined, the basic parameters of the traffic flow necessary for its organization are established. An experiment was carried out on the main city highway using a simulation product and a comparative assessment of changes in the main characteristics of the traffic flow before and after the introduction of coordinated control was made.