bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA TRIAGEM NEONATAL PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO DA ANEMIA FALCIFORME
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudia Letícia Araújo , Alves Ademilton Costa
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A anemia falciforme é uma hemoglobinopatia hereditária, crônica, definida como uma anemia hemolítica, ocasionada por uma deformação na estrutura dos eritrócitos devido a produção da Hb “S”, mudando o formato natural bicôncavo, para uma forma de “foice” ou “meia lua”.  Dados demonstram que a anemia falciforme atingiu no período de 2014 ao ano de 2020, a média anual de 1.087 novos casos de crianças diagnosticadas a doença falciforme.  O exame para diagnóstico inicial é o denominado “Teste do Pezinho”, oriundo da triagem neonatal e realizado pelo método da Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Performance. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a avaliação da triagem neonatal para o diagnóstico da anemia falciforme. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, do tipo revisão integrativa. O levantamento dos artigos científicos foi realizado, utilizando os descritores: “Triagem neonatal”; “anemia falciforme”; “Neonatal screening”; e “sickle cell anemia”, utilizando o operador booleano “AND”, nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed; no período de 01 de abril a 20 de maio de 2023.  Resultados: Foram encontrados 234 artigos, dos quais foram 84 artigos excluídos por não atender os critérios de inclusão (artigos completos e gratuitos e corte temporal), permanecendo 150 publicações. Desses, 100 artigos foram excluídos, conforme os critérios pré-estabelecidos e após leitura dos títulos e resumos dos artigos que não atendiam a temática inicial deste estudo. 50 trabalhos foram submetidos a avaliação de legibilidade, culminando com um quantitativo de somente 11 artigos científicos inclusos como objeto de estudo na presente revisão integrativa, sendo (2) Scielo e (9) PubMed. Conclusão: Portanto, todos os estudos analisados nesta revisão demonstraram a importância da presença e realização da triagem neonatal para doenças genéticas, em especial para anemia falciforme, uma vez que é fundamental a detecção precoce dessa doença crônica e grave. Esse rastreamento e a posterior intervenção clínica precoce, podem reduzir a mortalidade infantil, minimizar as comorbidades, gerando uma melhor qualidade e aumento da expectativa de vida, dos pacientes portadores desse principal tipo de hemoglobinopatia.
Role of Management Information Systems in Education Sector
Authors: Verma Sunil Kumar
Published: June 2023

The role of Information, Communication and Technology (ICT), and Management Information Systems in the success of different professional sectors has been undebatable. The present content represents the outcome of a study about their role in education sector, being it among the most spread and important sector of profession in India and globe. Significance of Management Information Systems in instructive management for the staff of Educational Institutions have been studied and presented in the present context.
Exploring usability principles for educational online courses: a case study on an open platform for online education
Authors: Vlasenko Kateryna V. , Volkov Sergii V. , Lovianova Iryna V. , Sitak Irina V. , Chumak Olena O. , Bohdanova Nataliia H.
Published: June 2023

This article delves into the crucial issue of effectively implementing usability principles in educational internet resources. By engaging with the latest research in the field, we investigate the influential factors shaping the outcomes of online education. Through a comprehensive analysis, we identify and examine six well-established criteria of usability design: Information Quality, System Navigation, System Learnability, Visual Design, Instructional Assessment, and System Interactivity. Additionally, we propose the existence of a seventh criterion termed Responsiveness.To shed light on the practical application of usability principles, we focus on the open platform "Higher School Mathematics Teacher" as a case study. Through a survey administered to 203 respondents, comprising both teachers and students, we sought to gather their valuable perspectives as the initial users of the platform. The insights gained from this study provide guidance for the implementation of usability criteria on the platform, particularly during the development of online courses.The findings strongly suggest that all seven subcategories of usability are pivotal in the design of online courses on the platform. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on usability implementation in educational technology, offering valuable insights for developers, educators, and researchers alike. By recognizing the significance of these criteria, educational internet resources can be enhanced to create more engaging, accessible, and effective learning environments.
Islamic Finance: Fit for Purpose or Mere Replication?
Authors: KAYA İlkay
Published: June 2023

The form versus substance issue is not a new phenomenon in Islamic finance. Beyond question, one of the verses emphasising the superiority of substance over form is surah al-Baqarah: ‘Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but righteousness is one who believes in Allah, the last day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveller, the who ask for help, and freeing slaves…’(2:177) In the verse, it is stated that the true goodness and respect for Allah is not to turn its face towards east or west during the worship. Put differently, the Qur’an idealises an understanding wider than a mere formalism that is not based on the virtues of faith, religion, and morality. In this article, it is discussed whether the understanding of the substance over form, which is adopted in the sources of Islam, is fully implemented or not. In this article, first, prohibitions against riba (as a guiding principle of Islamic finance) in the Quran and its historical roots are examined to understand what the purpose of these restrictions is by looking at Islamic finance philosophy. Second, various contract types which have been used to circumvent the prohibition of riba through hilah and their historical origins are also be criticised. Lastly, some Islamic finance contracts, which are frequently used in Islamic finance, and which are similar to the contracts in conventional finance in terms of economic outcome, are examined. It is also evaluated to what extent the Islamic finance sector, which is structured in line with the classical view on riba, is unique. Also, the criticism of Islamic finance being same as conventional finance both economically and legally is examined. Islamic finance contributes to the expansion of financial inclusion and the growth of the financial industry. Islamic finance may enhance financial access by broadening the scope of available financial products and promoting the inclusion of individuals who lack access to financial services. Islamic banking has a strong emphasis on partnership-style financing, which may be helpful in enhancing access to capital for small businesses. It also contributes to enhancing financial stability due to its relatively uncorrelated financial products operating in line with the risk-sharing and avoidance of leverage principles. However, the Islamic finance industry needs to develop new innovative products to differentiate itself from conventional banking and accommodate the concerns of investors regarding the authenticity of the system.
The DAMAGE CONTROL technique applied in a child injured in a traffic accident after intraabdominal bleeding relapse
Authors: Svarich V. G. , Svarich V. A.
Published: June 2023

EDITORIAL COMMENT. This clinical observation presents an effective application of elements of the abdominal damage-control tactics after postoperative intra-abdominal bleeding relapse under developed coagulopathy and previously underestimated liver damage during surgery. If an “unstable” patient with prolonged internal bleeding is admitted, it is recommended to apply this tactics in the primary surgical intervention with liver packing which would prevent postoperative bleeding and further development of coagulopathy. After patient’s hemodynamics is stabilized, it is necessary to make a complete patient’s examination so as to timely detect all associated injuries.   Introduction. Closed trauma of abdominal organs in children in some cases is accompanied by severe complications or death. At the same time, liver injury occupies a leading place in the structure of the abovementioned pathology. Currently, in case of severe injuries of the abdominal organs accompanied by unstable hemodynamics and with a high risk of unfavorable outcomes after radical surgical intervention, surgeons prefer to apply the damage control technique in such patients.   Material and methods. The authors discuss a case of successful management of a child injured in a traffic accident. He had multiple closed liver injuries of class III and hemorrhagic shock of degree 3. The DAMAGE CONTROL technique was applied during relaparotomy after intra- abdominal bleeding relapse developed.   Results. In this given case, the damage control technique has promoted a successful outcome after staged surgical treatment without any complications in the immediate and late postoperative periods.   Conclusion. In case of abdominal cavity trauma in children having hemorrhagic shock and prolonged bleeding from liver wounds, the damage control technique promotes stabilization of patient’s state, arrests bleeding and gives precious time to finish surgical intervention in more favorable situation for both patients and surgeons.
Evaluation of GPT-3 AI Language Model in Research Paper Writing
Authors: Katar Oğuzhan , Özkan Dilek , -3 Gpt , Yıldırım Özal , Acharya U Rajendra
Published: June 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has helped to obtain accurate, fast, robust results without any human errors.Hence, it has been used in various applications in our daily lives. The Turing test has been afundamental problem that AI systems aim to overcome. Recently developed various natural language problem (NLP) models have shown significant performances. AI language models, used intranslation, digital assistant, and sentiment analysis, have improved the quality of our lives. It canperform scans on thousands of documents in seconds and report them by establishing appropriatesentence structures. Generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-3 is a popular model developedrecently has been used for many applications. Users of this model have obtained surprising results onvarious applications and shared them on various social media platforms. This study aims to evaluatethe performance of the GPT-3 model in writing an academic article. Hence, we chose the subject ofthe article as tools based on artificial intelligence in academic article writing. The organized querieson GPT-3 created the flow of this article. In this article, we have made an effort to highlight theadvantages and limitations of using GPT-3 for research paper writing. Authors feel that it can be usedas an adjunct tool while writing research papers.
Analysis and Study of Margaret Atwood’s Influence on the Canadian Society
Authors: Abbas Muntadhar Jabbar
Published: June 2023

Atwood is able to cast an important spotlight on the culturally formed gender roles by challenging the binary oppositions established by a patriarchal culture through these characters, such as by portraying Oryx an experienced businesswoman who utilizes her sexuality to her own advantage. In this case, pornography may be considered as the catalyst for gender oppression since it serves as sex education for guys who have not yet had first-hand sexual encounters and because it has the potential to incite sexual violence against men. Both Jimmy and Crake think of women in terms of their bodies as a result of being influenced by the excessive sexual pictures, sexually oppressed them. While Crake totally removes himself from his sexuality by viewing it as a flaw inherent to everyone, Jimmy is unable to control his. Jimmy is a "product of the affective system," whereas Crake only appears to be one in order to take advantage of the system to further his own interests (Kroon). Crake develops the genetically altered Crakers as a remedy to liberate society from this weakness; he is investigating the sexual boundaries of the human being. This eliminates the conflict between desire and the act of sexual contact.
Clinical Features Present, Past & Future Prospective of Monkey Pox: A Orthopoxvirus
Authors: Shukla Siddhartha , Rawat Naveen , Rana Sarthak , Rana Vinod , Mittal Chavi , Kumar Roshan , Sood Prachi
Published: June 2023

Some issues regarding the potential spread of monkeypox have arisen just as the international world is beginning to recover from the initial alarm that was caused by the probable spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite the fact that parts of Africa have traditionally been more susceptible to monkeypox than other regions of the world, the majority of new cases that have been linked to the outbreak that began in 2022 have been reported in countries located in Europe and the western hemisphere. Despite the fact that a great number of organisations are working on contact-tracing activities at the moment, the origin of this outbreak is still unknown at this time. The monkeypox virus belongs to the family of viruses known as Poxviridae and the genus known as Orthopoxvirus. Following the eradication of smallpox across the globe in the 1970s, news of monkeypox caused widespread worry across the globe. Through vaccination with the smallpox virus, individuals were able to develop cross-immunity against monkeypox. After distribution of the smallpox vaccine was discontinued, the number of outbreaks of monkeypox rose. The monkeypox epidemic that occurred in the United States in 2003 was the first time that the disease gained extensive notice in the media. In spite of its name, the virus known as monkeypox is not transmitted by monkeys. Although a number of different kinds of rodents and other small mammals have been suggested as the primal hosts of the monkeypox virus, the virus's true lineage is still a mystery. The virus that causes monkeypox was first identified in macaque monkeys, which is where the disease was first seen. When monkeypox does transfer from one person to another, it often does so through a person's mucocutaneous lesions or through the respiratory droplets that they expel. However, this only happens very infrequently. However, supporting therapy can be given to reduce symptoms, and medications such tecovirimat may be administered in really severe cases. At this time, there is no specific treatment for patients who have infected the virus; however, supportive treatments can be given. It is debatable whether or not these treatments are successful in reducing symptoms because there are no concrete guidelines to follow in this regard.
Estátua do Padre Cícero: importância e memória do monumento por digitalização 3D
Authors: De Almeida Stefânia Helen Patrícia , Dos Santos Deborah Macedo
Published: June 2023

O artigo tem por objetivo criar um modelo virtual em 3D da estátua do padre Cícero, em proporções fidedignas do monumento, por meio de um levantamento tridimensional, com o uso de drone. Este escrito segue uma linha de organização que consiste em entender um pouco mais sobre patrimônio, em específico, as propriedades históricas culturais, tendo como objeto de estudo, a estátua do Padre Cícero, buscando apresentar sua importância para os fiéis e para a região. Em seguida, é exposto o modo como se deu a digitalização por drone, acompanhada de fotos com intuito de facilitar o entendimento e a aprendizagem deste método. A escultura do padre Cícero foi construída no ano de 1969, possuindo vinte e sete metros de altura, em homenagem a um dos líderes religiosos mais importantes do Ceará. É um dos principais pontos turísticos da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, com forte apelo a sua memória e história. Os procedimentos metodológicos da investigação incluem: Digitalização por fotogrametria com uso de drone, criação de nuvens de pontos e modelagem 3D com uso de software específico. Como resultado final foi criado um arquivo digital em formato 3D, fidedigno do patrimônio cultural que é a imagem do sacerdote. Este arquivo servirá de apoio para futuras investigações de forma/memória/restauro do monumento estudado.
Perceptions as to the relevance of teacher training to make multiliteracies effective
Authors: Santos Isabelly Raiane Silva dos , Oliveira Célia Zeri de
Published: June 2023

This research consists of a theoretical-practical study on the perception that Portuguese language teachers working in Professional and Technological Education (PTE) have when analyzing their continuing training and its influence on the adequate approach to multiliteracies in the classroom. Thus, having in mind the development of practices aimed at continuing teacher training, the multiliteracies emerge as an opportunity to embrace different types of language, so that the individual interprets linguistic situations which deviate from the traditional ones addressed in the school sphere. In this context, the objective of this research was to understand how the teaching training of Portuguese language teachers working at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA) - Abaetetuba campus is articulated in the context of multiliteracies. Based on Freire (1985, 1996), Kleiman (2008, 2014), Rojo (2012, 2013) and Moura (2014), in this study, an exploratory and qualitative investigation was developed through field research based on the ethnographic approach. The investigation was developed at IFPA - Abaetetuba campus. It was restricted to the context of Integrated High School (IHS). Participants were two Portuguese language teachers working at IHS. Field visits were carried out to collect data through the application of questionnaires with open questions and semi-structured interviews. In the end, it was highlighted the relevance of continuing training to implement multiliteracies obtained by the Portuguese language teacher working in PTE by understanding, to what extent, technologies contribute to the approach of multiliteracies which prioritize student learning with a focus on the integration between world of labor and education.
Bitki Beslenmesi ve Bitki Hastalıkları İlişkisi
Authors: KÜÇÜKYUMUK Zeliha , BAYINDIR Ümit
Published: June 2023

Bitki, bitki besin elementleri ve hastalık oluşumuna sebep olan patojenler arasındaki ilişki çok karmaşıktır. Bitki besleme ve bitki hastalıkları arasındaki ilişki çoğunlukla gündeme gelmese de bitki besleme, her zaman bitki hastalıklarının kontrolünde birincil bileşen olmuştur. Bitkilerin yetiştirildiği çoğu toprak ve ortam, bol miktarda hastalık patojeni içerir. Besin elementi eksikliği görülen bitkiler daha az dirençlidir ve çeşitli hastalıklara karşı daha duyarlıdır. Bu bakımdan tüm bitki besin elementleri bitki hastalıklarına etki eder. Bazı bitki besin elementlerinin diğer besin elementlerine göre bitki hastalıkları üzerine doğrudan ve daha fazla etkisi vardır. Bu çalışmada bazı bitki besin elementlerinin (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B) bazı fungal ve bakteriyel hastalıklara karşı gösterdiği direnç ile ilgili çalışmalar derlenmiş, ayrıca bitki hastalıklarına karşı önemli bitki besin maddeleri ve bunların bitki hastalıklarıyla olan ilişkileri incelenmiştir. İyi planlanmış bir gübreleme programı; sağlıklı üretim, optimum verim ve maksimum kazanç için gereklidir. Verim artışı ve hastalıklara direnç göstermede besin elementlerinin varlığı önemlidir. Bitkilerin beslenmesini iyileştirmenin tüm bitki hastalıklarına olmasa da birçok bitki hastalığına karşı yardımcı olacağı söylenebilir. Bunun yanında, çoğu hastalığın şiddeti azaltılabilir ve birçok bitki patojeninin kimyasal, biyolojik veya genetik kontrolü uygun beslenme ile artırılabilir.
Janger Banyuwangi: Bertahan Melintasi Zaman
Authors: Mochamad Ilham
Published: June 2023

Buku ini secara lugas mengungkap strategi kelisanan dalam proses penciptaan dan transmisi kelisanan yang dilakukan para pemain Janger sehingga dapat diketahui konvensi dan kondisi kelisanan kesenian tersebut, serta bagaimana strategi kelisanan diterapkan dalam pertunjukan Janger pada masa kini. Pertunjukan Janger telah melakukan berbagai penyesuaian strategi kelisanan agar transmisi nilai-nilai tradisi yang dilakukannya dapat tetap berlangsung dan diterima masyarakat. Untuk berada dalam kondisi the medium is the message, Janger telah mengeksplorasi segala potensi bahasa, mulai dari bahasa verbal, bahasa gerak, bahasa musik, hingga bahasa visual, dan pada akhirnya seni Janger menjadi media komunikasi dengan mengerahkan semua potensi bahasa-bahasa tersebut. Dalam pertunjukan Janger, masyarakat Banyuwangi secara bersama-sama membangun, atau membangun ulang, atau bahkan memperkokoh bangunan identitas kultural mereka. Melalui seni Janger mereka menciptakan identitas kultural mereka sendiri pada suatu konteks sejarah dan sosio-kultural tertentu, dengan pemahaman tertentu, untuk suatu kepentingan tertentu pula. Seni Janger telah dikonstruksi dan dipahami sebagai identitas masyarakat Banyuwangi, dan pada masyarakat Banyuwangilah seni Janger menemukan konteks kesejarahan dan sosio-kulturalnya. Kesenian ini mengajak para partisipannya untuk tetap bertahan di wilayah kulturalnya (rite of incorporation), mewadahi keanekaragaman budaya, serta menjadi bangunan pluralitas yang setara sehingga dapat ditempati dengan nyaman oleh para penghuninya. Dalam kesetaraan yang harmonis itulah identitas kultural diletakkan, menjadi fondasi bersama dalam membangun masa depan.
Phenol removal by electro-Fenton process using a 3D electrode with iron foam as particles and carbon fibre modified with graphene
Authors: Thwaini Hind H. , Salman Rasha H.
Published: June 2023

The 3D electro-Fenton technique is, due to its high efficiency, one of the technologies suggested to eliminate organic pollutants in wastewater. The type of particle electrode used in the 3D electro-Fenton process is one of the most crucial variables because of its effect on the formation of reactive species and the source of iron ions. The electrolytic cell in the current study consisted of graphite as an anode, carbon fiber (CF) modified with graphene as a cathode, and iron foam particles as a third electrode. A response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to optimize the 3D electro-Fenton process. The RSM results revealed that the quadratic model has a high R2 of 99.05 %. At 4 g L-1 iron foam particles, time of 5 h, and 1 g of graphene, the maximum efficiency of phenol removal of 92.58 % and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 89.33 % were achieved with 32.976 kWh kg-1 phenol of consumed power. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, the time has the highest impact on phenol removal efficiency, followed by iron foam and graphene dosage. In the present study, the 3D electro-Fenton technique with iron foam partials and carbon fiber modified with graphene was detected as a great choice for removing phenol from aqueous solutions due to its high efficiency, formation of highly reactive species, with excellent iron ions source electrode.
Judicial Activism in Regional Head Election Dispute: The Practice and Consistency of The Indonesian Constitutional Court
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Ramadani Rizki
Published: June 2023

The Constitutional Court's approach towards regional head election disputes is regarded as quite progressive and illustrates the growing trend of judicial activism. This article attempts to analyze the practice of activism by the Constitutional Court in the context of regional head election disputes and assess its consistency in simultaneous elections. This study uses a conceptual, statutory and case approach in analyzing several regional head election dispute decisions in 2020. The activism of the Constitutional Court in the context of regional head election disputes is at least practiced by judges through three things: first, the determination taken by the Constitutional Court to decide on re-voting and re-counting of votes; second, the willingness of the Court to consider election offenses that are structured, massive, and systematic; and third, the courage of judges to disqualify regional head candidates as well as determine the winner to provide legal certainty. This practice of activism is still being consistently pursued by judges in the 2020 simultaneous regional head elections. Even so, there is a tendency that structured, systematic and massive violations are not the main reason for terminating the election results, and even tend to be complicated by judges who demand more significant evidence. This condition will cause the burden of proving the structured, systematic and massive offenses to be much heavier in the future. This seems to be contradictory to previous decisions of the Constitutional Court which were known to prioritize substantive justice.
THE EFFECT OF NON-PERFORMING LOANS ON THE PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Kapilarathne  , Weligamage
Published: June 2023

Sri Lanka commercial banks have remained with persistent challenges in managing
non-performing loans that are considered to have effects on banks’ profitability and
the government has developed different ways of reducing non-performing loans. The
purpose of this study was to find out the effects of nonperforming loans on the
profitability of commercial banks in Sri Lanka. The study used commercial banks
registered and operational in Sri Lanka at Central Bank Sri Lanka in the year 2018.
Profitability calculated by the return on assets is used as a dependent variable and as
an independent variable, non-performing loans measured by non-performing loans
ratio are used. Capital adequacy, operational efficiency, and liquidity are used as
control variables to enhance the validity and accuracy of the tests. The control
variables used are part of the CAMEL factors that also influence commercial banks'
profitability. The study selected 11 commercial banks covering the period of 2014 to
2018. To analyze and draw conclusions and recommendations, the analysis also used
secondary data. Descriptive Statistics, Multiple Linear Regression, and Pearson
Correlation were used for data analysis and Stata has been used as statistical software
to analyze the collected data. Findings indicated that there is a negative effect of the
nonperforming loans ratio on return on assets, confirming that non-performing loans
negatively affect the profitability of commercial banks in Sri Lanka. There is a
positive and significant relationship between Return on Assets and Capital Adequacy.
When considering the relationship between Return on Assets and Liquidity there is a
positive insignificant relationship and there is a negative relationship between Return
on Assets and Operational Cost Efficiency. This study concluded that the managers
of Commercial banks in Sri Lanka have to work hard to enhance the profitability of
commercial banks and reduce occurrences of nonperforming loans. This paper,
therefore, provides insight to commercial banks, the central bank, and other
stakeholders on the effect of nonperforming loans on the profitability of commercial
banks in Sri Lanka and provides a basis for further research.
Análise de Características Estruturais de Tokens não Fungíveis no Ethereum
Authors: Ribeiro Samuel de Oliveira , Gomes Dayan Ramos , Coutinho Emanuel , Gonçalves Glauber Dias
Published: June 2023

Token não fungível ou NFT é um objeto digital insubstituível por qualquer outro objeto, seja do mesmo tipo ou valor, com atributos que provam a sua propriedade a uma pessoa ou organização via redes blockchain. A indústria de artes e mídias digitais vem adotando gradativamente NFTs devido a sua segurança para definir autoria, transferência, royalties desses tokens, entre outros recursos que podem ser programados em contratos inteligentes. Como NFT é uma tecnologia nova com popularidade em ascendência, há oportunidades para desenvolvimento de ferramentas que auxiliem os usuários no consumo desse tipo de token. Neste trabalho, realizamos uma análise e caracterização de coleções de NFTs baseada em dados extraídos do OpenSea, que é a maior plataforma de comercialização de NFTs na atualidade. Utilizamos uma abordagem de classificação não supervisionada para conhecer propriedades estruturais dessas coleções. Isso nos permitiu definir quatro classes de coleções de NFTs que podem ser facilmente compreendidas por usuários para facilitar o comércio e a valoração de seus tokens.
Redes Definidas por Software para a Orquestração de Diferentes Domínios Tecnológicos
Authors: Silva Murilo , Gomes Matheus , Dias Victor , Oliveira Lucas B. , Farias Fernando , Abelém Antônio
Published: June 2023

As redes móveis de atual e próxima geração (5G e 6G) totalmente virtualizadas e baseadas em soluções de software e hardware abertas demandam um plano de controle flexível e programável capaz de lidar com tecnologias de diferentes domínios tecnológicos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho investiga a utilização do paradigma de Redes Definidas por Software (SDN) para orquestrar os domínios tecnológicos de redes de dados, com Plano de Dados de Pacotes Programável (PPDP), Redes Ópticas Passivas Definidas por Software (SD-PON) e redes de Multiplexação por Divisão de Comprimento Onda (WDM). Para isso, foi criado um ambiente SDN, utilizando o controlador ONOS para gerenciar os dispositivos do plano de dados de diferentes domínios tecnológicos. Como resultado, a pesquisa comprovou a viabilidade da utilização da tecnologia SDN na orquestração de dispositivos multidomínio.
Flexibilidade e Criação de Novos Cenários de Redes Softwarizadas com Kubernetes (K8s) e Rede FIBRE
Authors: Duarte Carlos E. B. , Bôas Jonas L. de V. , Mendonça Henrique R. , Rezende Tibério T. , Brito José M. C. , Alberti Antonio M.
Published: June 2023

A rede FIBRE da RNP oferece recursos de experimentação em novas arquiteturas para a comunidade científica no Brasil, mas a orquestração do ciclo de vida de contêineres e a configuração da arquitetura em diversos sites com conectividade é um desafio. O Kubernetes (k8s) é uma ferramenta de orquestração de contêineres que pode facilitar e flexibilizar essa demanda. Neste artigo, avaliamos a hipótese que k8 beneficia a criação de novas arquiteturas com conectividade dinâmica na rede FIBRE. Os resultados sugerem que a rede FIBRE é uma plataforma de experimentação viável para o Projeto Brasil 6G.
Photodegradation of Antibiotic Drugs by BiVO4 Nanocomposites
Authors: YANG Guang , LANG Yan
Published: June 2023

BiVO4 and its composites were prepared and compared with tetracycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline hydrochloride and hygromycin hydrochloride to simulate the target degradation species for photocatalytic degradation experiments. All the prepared samples were found to have strong degradation effects on the three antibiotics, and the composite photocatalysts GB, PB and PGB showed faster photocatalytic reaction rates and higher photocatalytic activity than the pure BiVO4. In addition, the degradation of each sample to each antibiotic solution was in accordance with the primary reaction kinetic equation. The UV detection of PGB degradation of antibiotics was also carried out, and the results showed that the catalyst has a strong oxidation ability to degrade antibiotics to small molecules.
Modern Education Vis-à-Vis Indigenous Knowledge in Ethiopian School Curriculums
Authors: Olkeba Jima Abdisa
Published: June 2023

Many scholars have undermined indigenous knowledge for many years. Western scholars considered it backward knowledge and had nothing to do with modern science. However, recently, the issues of the relationship between modern education and indigenous knowledge at school have gotten scholars’ attention. This paper explores the nexus between indigenous knowledge and modern education in Ethiopian school curriculums. It addresses the definition of indigenous knowledge, the difference between modern science and indigenous knowledge, the significance of indigenous knowledge, and the Ethiopian school curriculum and indigenous knowledge issues. It mainly focuses on the Gadaa system indigenous knowledge, the beginning, and the importance of Gadaa system teaching. The paper argues that teaching Gadaa indigenous knowledge system assists the Oromo community in rediscovering the Gadaa system values, ethics, norms, cultures, politics, economics, religion, and environmental concepts. It also allows teaching others about how Oromo transfer power peacefully and the harmonious living of the Oromo community among themselves and with others.
Efficient Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste in Incinerators for Energy Production
Authors: Wenga Terrence
Published: June 2023

MSW generation has increased drastically throughout the world surpassing the ability of municipalities to handle it. Treating waste in incinerators with energy recovery have been opted as an environmentally preferred method of waste management. However, waste incineration result in inefficient energy generation. The objective of this chapter is to provide a summary of issues leading to inefficient treatment of MSW and the potentials for improving it. High-temperature corrosion and ash-deposition on heat exchange surfaces are the major causes of inefficiency during waste incineration. Optimizing the operating conditions during incineration reduces the deterrent corrosion and ash deposition problems. The operating conditions can be optimized by conducting a kinetic modelling which identifies the conditions that reduces corrosion rate. These conditions are moisture content ~10 vol.% and SO2 ~250 ppm. Also, use of ecotubes and sergher-boiler prisms ensures high turbulence and mixing within the boiler which reduces the ash problems, thereby improving the incineration efficiency. Sorting of MSW using max Al robotic sorter and removal of alkali chlorides in waste through the use of sink-float process, centrifuge and hydrocyclone separation technologies lowers chlorine load hence lowering the severe ash problems and proves to be beneficial in improving the efficiency of treating MSW in incinerators.
Epigenetics in Reproductive Aging: Involvement of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Bukunmi Ogunro Olalekan , Taiwo Babatunde Oladimeji
Published: June 2023

Epigenetic alterations are one of the distinctive characteristics of aging. Epigenetics changes throughout the reproductive life of humans. The major epigenetic parameters viz. DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin modeling are altered in the oocyte and sperm due to aging. Also, aging is accompanied by oxidative stress resulting in oocyte and sperm DNA damage. Oxidative stress occurs when the body’s antioxidant defense mechanism is overwhelmed by free radicals or pro-oxidant molecules such as nitrogen and reactive oxygen species, which are generated during normal cellular metabolism. This phenomenon is accompanied by a decline in the cell repair machinery, resulting in a wide range of DNA damage and distortion in cellular epigenetics. Still more, free radicals can directly or indirectly interfere with some epigenetic processes of the cell. For example, free radicals can impart the genome methylation profile by forming oxidized DNA lesions. Given the deleterious impact of oxidative stress on aging and cellular epigenetic profile, the ingestion of external antioxidants is encouraged to circumvent its side effects. This chapter provides insight into the interconnection between epigenetic alterations (histone modification, chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation and miRNA), reproductive aging, and oxidative stress.
Flood Risk Assessment in Urban Areas: The Historic City Centre of Aveiro as a Case Study
Authors: Alejandra Estrella Núñez Mayra , Firtinidou-Stergiou Alkmini , Rago Margherita , Jonathan Yee Chenxin , Barontini Alberto , Miguel Ferreira Tiago , V. Oliveira Daniel
Published: June 2023

Floods are among the most frequent and widespread natural hazards worldwide, with historic buildings proving to be particularly vulnerable. This work focuses on the large-scale flood risk assessment of the Historic City Center of Aveiro in Portugal. Due to the system of canals passing through the center and the extreme proximity to a lagoon, Aveiro is extremely prone to flooding. Furthermore, considering the great historical and artistic value the city center retains, its selection as a case study for flood risk assessment is fully supported. The work implements a recently developed methodology, combining hazard and physical vulnerability indicators to classify risk and define intervention priorities. Subsequent to an extensive survey and evaluation of almost 500 buildings, the raw data collected was classified using the Geographic Information System (GIS) tool. Through the macro-scale risk assessment, an essential insight is provided into the way each building is affected by flood events and, based on this knowledge, strategic rehabilitation interventions can be prioritized. To validate results, the work proposes a comparison with an analogous case study, and finally reflects upon the effective risk management and mitigation proposals as well as possible adaptations of the methodology for future applications.
Current Trends in the GFD Follow-Up
Authors: Mendia Azkoaga Irati , Cebolla Ángel
Published: June 2023

A poor adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) have a negative impact on people with celiac disease (CD). However, committing to a gluten-free lifelong carries social and economic burden and, a high degree of knowledge, motivation and a continuous effort. It is essential that the patient understands its disease, how to perform a GFD and the consequences that entail if the patient is not followed in the long term. However, a large percentage of patients does not still achieve a complete mucosal healing, likely due to a poor adherence to the GFD. We describe the current tools for the control of adherence to a GFD, with a special focus on the detection of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in feces and urine, as GIP detection allows direct evidence that the gluten that has been ingested. GIP are becoming useful biomarkers for this aim. Here, we summarize the current information about the main applications and limitations of the use of the GIP determinations in the follow up of celiac disease.
Perspective Chapter: Digitalization of Museums and Academic Benefits for Tourists (Slemani Museum as Case)
Authors: Ahmed Rukhsar
Published: June 2023

New inventions of technology can become necessary means for museums. In the last decades, museums have used new technology more than ever to reach out to visitors worldwide. Online workshops in museums have shown that visitors at the museums want to use digital tools and interactions to search for information on the archeological pieces of museums. Museums are constantly trying to achieve their long-term goals for digitalization. Museums are part of these institutions that can use various technology to compete and provide their information for archeologists and readers who are keen to learn cultural heritage and archaeology. Because technological diversity is the way to make museums more attractive and more affordable, as well as easier access to information. The Slemani Museum has started the digitalization of its archeological pieces. In this regard, this study attempts to explain the methods and the benefits of digitalization and their future efforts to use technology in other areas of the museum. A key question that leads this study is: what are the strategic advantages of digitalization of Museums such as Slemani Museum?
Pollination Biology and Environmental Water Pollution Indicator of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Kumar Sarkar Anup
Published: June 2023

Numerous genes in flowering plants, including onion (Allium cepa L.) govern morphological character differences in structure, shape, orientation, weight and number, etc. arising from their assortment and recombination due to pollination. Pollination in onion flower occurs mainly by insects (91%) and wind (9%), with gravity also contributing to the pollination process. The hybrid vigour seeds through cross pollination as an essential input in enhancing crop productivity. The present study reveals that an onion plant generally takes around 63 days to attain flowering position, and complete flowering condition in 70–72 days, which include 15–18 days for sprouting of the green hollow fleshy shoots along with about 45 days to complete the peduncle formation on the top small part of the bud. A. cepa L. takes around 160 days to produce mature seeds with life cycle completion. The onion bulb roots are used for the last 50 years to study chromosomal behaviour as an indicator of environmental water pollution. The presence of different impurities and heavy metals in the polluted water causes reduction in reproductive capacity of cells due to the occurrence of peculiarity from the normal mitotic cell division in onion . Cytotoxicity influences all morphological characters, including root growth retardation, mitotic index, chromosomal aberration, etc. Thus, the present investigation explores the effect of pollutant water on pollination biology, cytotoxicity, root apical meristem cells in onion. We report a significant (p < 0.05) in the mitotic index in polluted water as compared to normal water.
Physical, Biological, and Clinical Merits of High Energy Boron Ions for Radiation Therapy
Authors: Brahme Anders
Published: June 2023

The lightest ions beyond protons, principally helium, lithium, and boron ions, make highly specific molecular Bragg peak radiation therapy of malignant tumors possible with minimal adverse normal tissue reactions. The Bragg peak ionization density is mainly elevated in a few mm wide spot at the end of these ions with substantially increased local apoptosis and senescence induction. Mainly placing Bragg peaks in the gross tumor volume with increased local therapeutic effect and only low ionization density and easily repairable damage in normal tissues. The possible geometrical accuracy of the dose delivery will be ≈1 mm with these ions. Interestingly, high-resolution molecular tumor imaging will then be possible, particularly with 8Boron ions that are our lightest positron emitter allowing immediate accurate PET-CT imaging to delineate the target volume dose delivery. Compared to carbon ions the boron radiation damage to normal tissues in front of and behind the tumor is reduced at the same time as tumor apoptosis and senescence are increased. A mean tumor cure as high as 80% should be possible with Boron ion therapy using new clinical fractionation principles and even more when early tumor detection and malignancy estimation methods are brought into more regular clinical use.
Therapeutic Interventions for COVID-19
Authors: Smolic Martina , Dawood Reham , Salum Ghada , Abd El Meguid Mai , Omran Moataza , Smolic Robert
Published: June 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, is currently represented a major public health concern. The high transmission rate of this virus increases the mortality rate worldwide. To date, significant efforts and restricted regulations were performed around the world to control this crisis effectively, but unfortunately, there is no specific and successful therapy for COVID-19. Many approaches have been repurposed for SARS-CoV-2 treatment such as antivirals and anti-inflammatories. Furthermore, antibody therapies are one of the main and important approaches of SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment. In recent trials, various immunotherapeutic interventions such as convalescent plasma therapy and monoclonal antibodies, as well as immunomodulatory agents are being proposed. However, the development of a vaccine that provides durable protective immunity will be the most effective therapy for controlling possible epidemics of this virus. The current review summarized all the proposed therapeutic approaches together with information on their safety and efficacy in treating COVID-19, as well as the vaccine candidates. The provided comprehensive information regarding the applied therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 might help the scientific community in any progress toward the treatment of COVID-19 infection.
Cataract Surgery in Microphthalmic Eyes
Authors: Zheng Tianyu , Lu Yi , Lin Peimin , Xu Jie , Miao Ao
Published: June 2023

Microphthalmos is a congenital ocular abnormality that mainly manifests as a significant reduction in the size of the eye and is often associated with cataracts and other eye diseases. Due to its special anatomical features, cataract surgery in microphthalmos has a higher risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications and impaired visual prognosis and is associated with reduced intraocular lens (IOL) calculation accuracy. This chapter describes the characteristics of microphthalmic cataract surgery, the incidence of complications, classic and additional surgical procedures (e.g., phacoemulsification combined with prophylactic anterior lamellar sclerostomy, laser peripheral iridotomy, anterior segment vitrectomy, piggyback IOLs), and selection of IOL calculation formula.
Perspectives on Preschool Education and Care
Authors: Salaam Mohammed Awudu
Published: June 2023

This research explores the various perspectives on preschool education and care, including historical, philosophical and methodological perspectives. The study provides an overview of different models of preschool education, such as play-based, academic, Montessori, Reggio Emilia and Waldorf, and examines the role of curriculum and assessment in supporting children’s learning and development. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of teachers and caregivers in creating a safe and supportive learning environment for young children and the significance of family involvement in preschool education and care. The research also discusses the challenges and opportunities in providing quality preschool education and care, including funding and access issues. Finally, the study explores emerging trends and analyses in the field, including the use of technology in the classroom and the role of preschool in closing the achievement gap. Through a qualitative research approach, literature was reviewed, categorised, and analysed to understand the diverse perspectives better on preschool education and care and their impact on young children’s development and future success.
Perspective Chapter: Tapping Significance of Microbial Surfactants as a Biopesticide and Synthetic Pesticide Remediator – An Ecofriendly Approach for Maintaining the Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Gaikwad Shikha
Published: June 2023

Pests are the major concern for plant infections that affect the agriculture production drastically and result in the loss of economy. Regular use of synthetic chemicals develops resistance in pests and affects soil, plant, and human health. The development and promotion of green technology facilitated by microbiota helps in maintaining a healthy environment. Molecules of microbial origin are well-known elicitors for stimulating and sustaining the plant immune system and fertility level of the soil. They compete with the pathogens for resources like food and space, activate the inherent defenses of plants, synthesize antimicrobial chemicals, or other metabolites that degrade and remediate synthetic chemicals. Biosurfactant (BS) is an important amphiphilic molecule with polar and non-polar. Its structure contributes to its high biodegradability, low toxicity, and stability in harsh environments. In the chapter, the multifunctional properties of biosurfactants, methods used for evaluating their biosurfactant producing abilities, methods used for identification, and characterization of the chemical structure of biosurfactants, along with the significance of metagenomics documented. The mechanisms of biosurfactants in controlling the growth of pests and their importance as pesticide remediations are also discussed.