bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 seroprevalence among hospital staff and preprocedural patients in Thai community hospitals: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nopsopon Tanawin , Pongpirul Krit , Chotirosniramit Korn , Hiransuthikul Narin
Published: October 2021

Objectives

We aimed to explore the seroprevalence of hospital staff comparing to preprocedural patients in Thai community hospitals to shed light on the situation of COVID-19 infection of frontline healthcare workers in low infection rate countries where mass screening was not readily available.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

52 community hospitals in 35 provinces covered all regions of Thailand.

Participants

857 participants consisted of 675 hospital staff and 182 preprocedural patients.

Outcome measure

COVID-19 seroprevalence using a locally developed rapid IgM/IgG test kit

Results

Overall, 5.5% of the participants (47 of 857) had positive IgM, 0.2% (2 of 857) had positive IgG which both of them also had positive IgM. Hospitals located in the central part of Thailand had the highest IgM seroprevalence (11.9%). Preprocedural patients had a higher rate of positive IgM than the hospital staff (12.1% vs 3.7%). Participants with present upper respiratory tract symptoms had a higher rate of positive IgM than those without (9.6% vs 4.5%). Three quarters (80.5%, 690 of 857) of the participants were asymptomatic, of which, 31 had positive IgM (4.5%) which consisted of 20 of 566 healthcare workers (3.5%) and 11 of 124 preprocedural patients (8.9%).

Conclusions

COVID-19 antibody test could detect a substantial number of potential silent spreaders in Thai community hospitals where the nasopharyngeal PCR was not readily available, and the antigen test was prohibited. Antibody testing should be encouraged for mass screening in a limited resource setting, especially in asymptomatic individuals.

Trial registration

TCTR20200426002.
Occupational therapy interventions for adults with severe mental illness: a scoping review
Authors: Rocamora-Montenegro María , Compañ-Gabucio Laura-María , Garcia de la Hera Manuela
Published: October 2021

Objective

To identify the occupational therapy (OT) interventions in adults with severe mental illness (SMI) most investigated in intervention studies and to describe their characteristics.

Design

Scoping review.

Data sources

On 17 January 2020, we searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE. We also performed a manual search of TESEO doctoral thesis database and of the journals indexed in the first quartile of OT according to the SCImago Journal Rank. We updated our search on 10 March 2021, performing a complementary search on ProQuest database and repeating the search in all sources. The terms included in the search strategy were: schizophrenia, schizotypal personality, delusional, schizoaffective, psychotic, bipolar, major depression, obsessive–compulsive, severe mental, OT and intervention.

Study selection

The study screening was peer-reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: (1) OT intervention studies in SMI: experimental, randomised, non-randomised and pilot/exploratory studies; (2) adult population with SMI: schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder, delusional disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder; (3) OT identified as a discipline involved in the intervention; (4) English or Spanish language and (5) studies with full text available.

Results

Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. OT interventions were classified in psychosocial, psychoeducational, cognitive and exercise interventions. The most used OT intervention was psychosocial intervention.

Conclusion

Psychosocial intervention was the most investigated OT intervention in SMI, followed by psychoeducational, cognitive and exercise interventions. These interventions are usually group interventions in patients with schizophrenia, performed by a multidisciplinary team (in which an occupational therapist collaborates), with 2–3 weekly 60 min sessions and a duration of 3–6 months.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on infant feeding support in paediatric inpatients: single-centre qualitative study
Authors: Baker Rosie , Evans Elizabeth , Fielden Amy , Arnott Bronia
Published: October 2021

Objective

To provide information on baseline knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA) of paediatric staff to formulate a plan for improving infant feeding support in hospitals.

Design

Semistructured interviews assessed baseline infant feeding KSA and experiences in 14 paediatric health professionals of various grades (medical students, healthcare assistants, ward nurses and specialist nurses). Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and underwent thematic analysis. An online questionnaire gathered descriptive statistics about participants.

Setting

A single large hospital trust, North East England.

Results

Seven major themes were identified in KSA: culture and trends, roles and working practice, training and resources, the health professional, understanding the parent, effective communication and the challenges of feeding the ill child.

Staff discussed various organisational and personal barriers to acquiring infant feeding support training and experience, and to delivering feeding support. Staff were keen to support families with feeding but often felt constrained by a belief that this required specialist knowledge and skills. Although staff believed they actively promoted breastfeeding-friendly messages, it was evident that marketing communications and personal experiences inadvertently influenced their approach to families.

Conclusions

The development of clear, evidence-based infant feeding education and training for paediatric staff delivered by experienced mentors is warranted. Training should cover background theory, delivering practical support, communication skills and creating a baby-friendly hospital environment. UNICEF Baby Friendly Standards would be suitable to inform content. Training is likely to be received positively by staff and benefit women and babies in this setting.
Fast decliner phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): applying machine learning for predicting lung function loss
Authors: Nikolaou Vasilis , Massaro Sebastiano , Garn Wolfgang , Fakhimi Masoud , Stergioulas Lampros , Price David B
Published: October 2021

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous group of lung conditions challenging to diagnose and treat. Identification of phenotypes of patients with lung function loss may allow early intervention and improve disease management. We characterised patients with the ‘fast decliner’ phenotype, determined its reproducibility and predicted lung function decline after COPD diagnosis.

Methods

A prospective 4 years observational study that applies machine learning tools to identify COPD phenotypes among 13 260 patients from the UK Royal College of General Practitioners and Surveillance Centre database. The phenotypes were identified prior to diagnosis (training data set), and their reproducibility was assessed after COPD diagnosis (validation data set).

Results

Three COPD phenotypes were identified, the most common of which was the ‘fast decliner’—characterised by patients of younger age with the lowest number of COPD exacerbations and better lung function—yet a fast decline in lung function with increasing number of exacerbations. The other two phenotypes were characterised by (a) patients with the highest prevalence of COPD severity and (b) patients of older age, mostly men and the highest prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular comorbidities and hypertension. These phenotypes were reproduced in the validation data set with 80% accuracy. Gender, COPD severity and exacerbations were the most important risk factors for lung function decline in the most common phenotype.

Conclusions

In this study, three COPD phenotypes were identified prior to patients being diagnosed with COPD. The reproducibility of those phenotypes in a blind data set following COPD diagnosis suggests their generalisability among different populations.
Effect of menstrual cycle phase, menstrual irregularities and hormonal contraceptive use on anterior knee laxity and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury occurrence in women: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nédélec Elisa , Foli Elvis , Shultz Sandra J , Swinton Paul A , Dolan Eimear , Enright Kevin , Piasecki Jessica , Matthews Joseph J , Sale Craig , Elliott-Sale Kirsty Jayne
Published: October 2021

Exercising women report three to six times more ACL tears than men, which happen, in the majority of cases, with a non-contact mechanism. This sex disparity has, in part, been attributed to the differences in reproductive hormone profiles between men and women. Many studies have shown that anterior knee (AK) laxity and the rate of non-contact ACL injuries vary across the menstrual cycle, but these data are inconsistent. Similarly, several studies have investigated the potential protective effect of hormonal contraceptives on non-contact ACL injuries, but their conclusions are also variable. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to, identify, evaluate and summarise the effects of endogenous and exogenous ovarian hormones on AK laxity (primary outcome) and the occurrence of non-contact ACL injuries (secondary outcome) in women. We will perform a systematic search for all observational studies conducted on this topic. Studies will be retrieved by searching electronic databases, clinical trial registers, author’s personal files and cross-referencing selected studies. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for Cohort and Case–Control Studies. Certainty in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. The meta-analyses will use a Bayesian approach to address specific research questions in a more intuitive and probabilistic manner. This review is registered on the international database of prospectively registered systematic reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42021252365).
Implementation of a youth violence prevention programme in primary care
Authors: Roche Jessica S. , Philyaw-Kotov Meredith L. , Sigel Eric , Eisman Andria B. , Tzilos Wernette Golfo , Resnicow Kenneth , Carter Patrick M. , Cunningham Rebecca M. , Walton Maureen A.
Published: October 2021

Background and objectives

Youth violence is an alarming public health problem, yet, violence screening and interventions are not systematically offered in primary care (PC). This paper describes data from a pilot effectiveness-implementation trial of an efficacious youth violence prevention programme (SafERteens).

Methods

The study was conducted in two PC clinics: a university-affiliated satellite clinic and a community health centre. In phase 1, we obtained stakeholder feedback to customise the SafERteens package and enrolled a comparison group of adolescents (age 14–18) seeking care in two clinics. In phase 2, clinical staff delivered the SafERteens-PC intervention with adolescents, which is a single, behavioural health therapy session delivered one-on-one from clinic providers to youth patients, followed by text message (TM) reminders. In phase 3, we assessed planned maintenance. All participants reported past-year violent behaviour at intake and completed a 3-month follow-up assessment.

Results

Based on stakeholder interviews (n=13), we created a web-based SafERteens-PC programme package, including a three-item past-year violence screen, 30 min motivational interviewing-based brief intervention delivery tool, training videos and 2 months of TM boosters. We enrolled a comparison group (n=49) first, then an intervention group (n=61). Intervention delivery characteristics varied by clinic, including completion of intervention (75.9%; 62.5%), modality (100% delivered via telehealth; 60% via telehealth/40% in-person) and enrolment in TMs (81.8%; 55.0%); 91.8% completed the follow-up. Using an intention-to-treat approach, the intervention group showed significantly greater reductions in severe peer aggression (p<0.05), anxiety (p<0.05) and substance use consequences (p<0.05) relative to the comparison group. Participant and staff feedback were positive and identified challenges to long-term implementation, such as lack of availability of reimbursement for youth violence prevention.

Conclusions

If these challenges could be addressed, routine provision of behavioural health services for violence prevention in PC could have high impact on health outcomes for adolescents.
Home as the first site for suicide prevention: a Hong Kong experience
Authors: Yeung Cheuk Yui , Men Yu , Chen Yu-Chih , Yip Paul Siu Fai
Published: October 2021

Introduction

There has been little research into at-home suicide cases globally, and particularly in Asian regions. This study aimed to investigate the differences in characteristics between suicide cases in Hong Kong that occurred at home and elsewhere; identify at-home suicide hotspots in the community and compare the differences in area-level characteristics between suicide hotspots and other areas.

Methods

Suicide cases (2013–2017) were identified from Hong Kong Coroner’s Court reports. Area-level socioeconomic data were retrieved from the 2016 Hong Kong census. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, χ2tests and multiple logistic regression models were applied to compare differences in characteristics between people committing suicide at home and elsewhere. Global hotspot tests (Moran’s I and Getis-Ord General G) and local analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) identified at-home suicide community hotspots. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare differences in area-level characteristics between at-home suicide hotspots and non-hotspots.

Results

About 60% of suicide cases in Hong Kong occurred at home. Being female, widowed and/or living alone were significant predictors of at-home suicide cases. A U-shaped association between age and at-home suicide was identified, with 32 years of age being the critical turning point. An at-home suicide hotspot was identified in the north-western region of Hong Kong, which had lower median household income, higher income inequality and higher percentages of households with single elderly people, and new arrivals, compared with other areas.

Conclusion

Suicide prevention should start at home by restricting access to suicide methods. Community-based suicide prevention interventions with improvement of social services should target vulnerable members in identified suicide hotspots.
Treatment of recurrent mucosal melanoma of the oral cavity with topical imiquimod and pembrolizumab achieves complete histopathologic remission
Authors: Satish Tejus , Khan Shaheer , Levin Matt , Carvajal Richard , Yoon Angela J
Published: October 2021

Mucosal melanomas constitute a subtype of melanoma with less effective treatments than cutaneous melanomas. We present a case of oral mucosal melanoma that recurred despite multiple resections and adjuvant temozolomide. Treatment with topical imiquimod combined with pembrolizumab achieved remission. A 56-year-old woman presented with a pigmented mass on her left anterior hard palate. Biopsy revealed malignant melanoma. The patient had resection with neck dissection with 3 months of adjuvant temozolomide due to positive margins. Malignant melanoma involving the hard palate recurred 1 year later requiring additional resection. Two years later, two additional pigmented lesions were found; further resections were deferred due to expected morbidity. Following 6 weeks of topical imiquimod treatment, the lesions shrunk significantly. Adjuvant pembrolizumab was added and complete histopathologic remission was observed in 6 months. The patient remained in remission for 4 years before new melanoma in situ was diagnosed, requiring five additional months of imiquimod. As of April 2021, there is no clinical evidence of melanoma. There are limited reports of oral melanoma treated with topical imiquimod. Here, imiquimod administered in combination with pembrolizumab achieved complete pathologic response.
The Early Devonian eurypteridLeiopterella tetlieifrom Arctic Canada
Authors: Braddy Simon J. , Dunlop Jason A. , Bonsor Joseph A.
Published: October 2021

The stylonurid eurypterid Leiopterella tetliei Lamsdell, Braddy, Loeffler, and Dineley, 2010 (Chelicerata: Eurypterida: Rhenopteridae) from the Early Devonian (Lochkovian) of Nunavut in Arctic Canada is redescribed. Restudy of the holotype under polarized light revealed a labrum, epistomal sutures, prosomal appendage III, and deltoid plates anterior to the genital appendage. An additional new specimen preserves the distal podomeres of appendage VI and gradually tapering opisthosomal tergites. The characters resolved here support the hypothesis that L. tetliei was relatively basal within the wider Stylonurina clade, with its tapering postabdomen supporting a more basal position within Rhenopteridae than previously suggested.
Directional dependency of electronic stopping in nickel, projectile’s excited charge state and momentum transfer
Authors: Quashie Edwin E. , Andrade Xavier , Correa Alfredo A.
Published: October 2021

We studied the directional dependency of electronic stopping power of swift light ions in nickel using real-time time-dependent density functional theory. We report a variation of electronic stopping for moving ions as the projectile probes different electronic densities of the host material. These results show that while the predicted magnitude stays in reasonable agreement with experiment, for $$v > 2$$

v
>
2

. a.u. simulating only low index crystallographic directions is not enough to sample the experimental average values. The ab initio simulations give us access to microscopic quantities, such as non-adiabatic forces, momentum transfer and transient excited state charges of the projectile and host ions, which are not available through other methods. We report these quantities for the first time.
AID FOR TRADE FLOWS AND POVERTY REDUCTION
Authors: GNANGNON SÈNA KIMM
Published: October 2021

The effectiveness of Aid for Trade (AfT) interventions, including with respect to recipient countries’ trade performance, has now been well explored in the literature. However, in spite of the voluminous literature on the poverty effect of the total official development aid, the effect of AfT flows on poverty has received little attention on the empirical front. This paper aims to contribute to the policy debate on this matter by investigating the effect of AfT flows on poverty in recipient countries. In particular, the analysis explores whether this effect translates through countries’ level of export product concentration, as the latter can influence income inequality, and hence the transformation of economic growth into poverty reduction in recipient countries. The empirical analysis, based on 100[Formula: see text]AfT recipient countries, has shown that AfT interventions are associated with poverty reduction in countries that diversify their export products, including toward manufacturing products. Additionally, AfT flows dampen the positive poverty effect of income inequality, and lead to greater poverty reduction in countries with a great extent of fiscal redistribution. Finally, the analysis has shown that AfT interventions mitigate the positive poverty effect of import product concentration. These results have important policy implications.
The medical resources allocation problem based on an improved SEIR model with sharing behavior
Authors: Li Wenjun , Deng Linsen , Wang Jiaxin
Published: October 2021

In order to propose a more realistic epidemic dynamics model and effective medical resource allocation strategy, this paper constructs an improved SEIR model combined with a dynamical medical resource allocation model and individual behavior sharing medical resources. Simultaneously, a genetic algorithm to solve the medical resource allocation model is proposed to obtain the optimum resource allocation strategy. In this SEIR model, there is an important critical value of the stored medical resources, when the number of stored medical resources is more than the critical value, the inhibition of epidemic can be continuously enhanced until it reaches a minimum threshold, and then stabilizes near a minimum value, but when the resource surplus is below the critical value, the inhibitory effect on epidemic will weaken. The results demonstrate that the number of patients in the proposed method decreased more than 40% compared with the conventional control experiment. Moreover, the algorithm can automatically make decisions according to individual behavior in sharing preferences and the epidemic development trend.
Very Large-Scale Integration for Premature Ventricular Contraction Detection Using a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Chen Yuan-Ho , Hua Hsin-Tung
Published: October 2021

We propose a very large-scale integration (VLSI) chip for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) detection. The chip contains a convolutional neural network (CNN) for detecting the abnormal heartbeats associated with PVCs in 12-lead electrocardiogram signals. The proposed CNN comprises two convolutional layers and a fully connected layer; in testing, it achieved a high PVC detection accuracy of [Formula: see text]. Created by using a [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]m CMOS process, the developed chip consumes [Formula: see text] mW with a clock frequency of 50 MHz and gate count of [Formula: see text] K. Compared with the previously designed VLSI chips, the proposed CNN chip achieves higher accuracy in abnormal heartbeat detection.
APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF FORNBERG–WHITHAM EQUATION BY MODIFIED HOMOTOPY PERTURBATION METHOD UNDER NON-SINGULAR FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVE
Authors: ALRABAIAH HUSSAM
Published: October 2021

The basic idea of this paper is to investigate the approximate solution to a well-known Fornberg–Whitham equation of arbitrary order. We consider the stated problem under [Formula: see text] fractional order derivative. The proposed derivative is non-local and contains non-singular kernel of Mittag-Leffler type. With the help of Modified Homotopy Perturbation Method (MHPM), we find approximate solution to the aforesaid equations. The required solution is computed in the form of infinite series. The method needs no discretization or collocation and easy to implement to compute the approximate solution that we intend. We also compare our results with that of the exact solution for the initial four terms approximate solution as well as with that computed by the Laplace decomposition method. We also plot the approximate solution of considered model through surface plots. For numerical illustration, we use Matlab throughout this work.
Influence of Various Concentrations of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide on the Properties of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Aravind M. Ramesh , Kalaiselvi C. , Revathi B. , Grace A. Nirmala , Pitchaimuthu Sudhagar , Suresh S. , Sindhu V. , Chandar N. Krishna
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the impact of the crystallite sizes of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) on their efficiency for electrochemical capacitors (EC) has been investigated. NiO NPs were prepared without and with low and high concentrations (0.02[Formula: see text]M and 0.1[Formula: see text]M) of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) using the hydrothermal process that represent NiO, NiO-1, NiO-2, respectively. The crystallite size of NiO, NiO-1, NiO-2 NPs was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. The thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) was used to investigate the thermal observation of as-prepared precursor to transform as NiO NPs. HRTEM revealed spherical seed-like morphologies, which consist of aggregated NiO-1 NPs with an average particle size of 9[Formula: see text]nm. The NiO-1 shows the large specific capacitance value of 168[Formula: see text]Fg[Formula: see text] at a current density of 0.5[Formula: see text]Ag[Formula: see text] compared with other NiO and NiO-2 NPs. The study suggests that the low concentration of surfactant CTAB of NiO NPs plays an important role in supercapacitor applications because of the smaller crystallite sizes of the materials as well as a large number of active sites for faradic reaction.
CVSS: Ubiquitous and Broken
Authors: Howland Henry
Published: October 2021

The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is at the core of vulnerability management for systems of private corporations to highly classified government networks, allowing organizations to prioritize remediation in descending order of risk. With a lack of justification for its underlying formula, inconsistencies in its specification document, and no correlation to exploited vulnerabilities in the wild, it is unable to provide a meaningful metric for describing a vulnerability’s severity, let alone risk. As it stands, this standard compromises the security of America’s most sensitive information systems.
The Way of Severe Nursing of Respiratory System Failure
Authors: Liu Qiongshan , Li Weichao
Published: October 2021

Respiratory failure is the most common clinical symptom, seriously endangering people’s health, which is mainly caused by a series of reasons, leading to serious respiratory dysfunction and severe pulmonary respiratory disorders, damaging the pulmonary airway function, and causing disability to maintain normal human gas exchange activities. At present, the main treatment of respiratory failure is to use the ventilator to help patients exchange gas and keep their breathing unobstructed. The nursing method is also around the artificial airway mechanical ventilation. The nursing of patients with respiratory failure is mainly respiratory nursing and psychological nursing. In this paper, the main research is to explore the way of severe nursing of respiratory failure. Before the nursing of respiratory failure, we should carry out nursing detection of the ventilator and test its performance, tightness, pipeline safety, and airway patency. Then carrying on the respiratory failure mechanical ventilation nursing and clarifying its mechanical ventilation nursing process is the main work of intensive care, at the same time, giving consideration to the psychological nursing of respiratory failure and implementing comprehensive nursing. In this paper, 50 patients were selected and divided into group A and group B; group A was given comprehensive nursing, and group B was given general nursing. The experimental results show that a series of situations in group A are more optimistic than those in group B. There was no doubt that the PH value of the two groups changed significantly 6 months after discharge. The pO2 value of group A was higher than that before discharge, while the pCO2 value of group B was unstable and increased. The pO2 value of group A was 55.52 before discharge and 62.36 six months after discharge. The pCO2 value of group A was 54.31 before discharge and 50.61 six months after discharge. The pCO2 value of group B was 55.23 before discharge and 57.34 six months after discharge.
Optimization of Residual Hexane in Edible Oils Analysis Using Static Headspace Gas Chromatography
Authors: Samsuri Azrul Hisyam , Ang May Yen , Ng Shean Yeaw
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the residual hexane in four edible oils in Malaysia using a simple, rapid, and automated method in order to improve the efficiency and productivity of the analysis. Gas chromatography (GC/FID) equipped with a headspace autosampler (HS-20) was used to perform the analysis. Incubation time for each injection was successfully optimized from one hour to 30 minutes (50% reduction) compared to the official AOCS method Ca 3b-87. Out of the four tested edible oils, only the hexane residues detected in sunflower oil exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL) set by the European Union regulation. Significant difference of the results obtained between large calibration range (0–938 mg kg−1) and small calibration range (0–68 mg kg−1) suggests that there is a need to use a lower standard calibration concentration to avoid misinterpretation of analysis results. Method validation applies to the technical hexane; 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclopentane, the signal-to-noise (S/N), as well as the limit of quantification (LoQ) values was found to be 218.20, 221.45, 746.37, 97.37 and 0.85, 0.84, 0.25, 1.93 mg kg−1, respectively. Good linearity, repeatability, and low carryover of this method have provided an alternative way to analyze the content of the residual hexane in edible oils in a more efficient manner. Current study might provide a fundamental reference for the improvement of the AOCS official Ca 3b-87 method for determination of hexane residues in fats and oils analysis in the future.
[Retracted] Observe Athlete’s Ankle Pain and Ankle Joint Muscle Characteristics Based on Microscope Images
Authors: Li Mingzhi , Sun Lina
Published: October 2021

Objective. To observe the characteristics of ankle pain and ankle joint muscle by microscope. Methods. In a sports university, 15 athletes above grade 2 were randomly selected as the experimental group, and 15 nonathletes were randomly selected as the control group. The experiment mainly included foot shape test, standard scaphoid height test, ankle range of motion test, ankle muscle emg test, and other experimental procedures. Medical microscopic image processing is a new technology developed in the past thirty years, which has brought great progress for mankind to understand and transform nature. Among them, the image processing and recognition of tumor cell microscopic images are one of the research focuses on the use of computers to process and recognize medical images. Results. In the test of ankle range of motion, when the angular velocity was the same as 60°/s, compared with the control group, the difference value of bilateral flexor peak moment in the experimental group was large, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05), with statistical significance. As the angular velocity dropped from 240°/s to 60°/s, 30 members of the experimental group and control group also experienced a decrease in the bilateral ankle isokyclic muscles, reflecting their lack of ankle strength. On the other hand, the muscle strength of the ankle joint in the experimental group was relatively small, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). During the exercise, some members of the experimental group suffered from ankle pain, which resulted in insufficient strength of the muscles of the ankle joint, resulting in the interruption of the experiment. In the emg test of ankle muscles, the effective discharge values of preexcitation current of tibial anterior muscle before and after exercise were 104.6 ± 26.5 and 129.2 ± 38.1, respectively, with significant difference and statistical significance. In the foot morphology test and the standard scaphoid height test, the difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05), and there was no statistical significance. Conclusion. Microscope based on athlete’s foot and ankle pain and ankle muscle characteristics to improve the accuracy of the observation, with the help of a microscope, you can see the details of a doctor are invisible to the naked eye and can record the relevant data in time in order to observe the late, for athlete’s foot and ankle pain relief and enhanced ankle muscles provide data support.
Determinant Factor of Plant Species Diversity in the Organic Agriculture-Dominated System of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mebrate Abiyot , Kippie Tadesse , Zeray Nigussie
Published: October 2021

Agricultural intensification is a major challenge for biodiversity conservation in many parts of the world. Organic agriculture is perceived as a possible solution for biodiversity conservation in agriculture dominant systems. This study aimed at investigating the current status of plant species diversity and its determinants in organic agriculture-dominated areas of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Multistage sampling procedures were used to obtain 108 households from three agroecological zones of the study area, and plant species data were collected from the quadrants laid in farms of sampled farmers. Besides, diversity management practice data were collected using focus group discussion. A total of 234 plant species belonging to 82 plant families were identified. Most (69.2%) of species in the system were native. The mean value of richness and Shannon index evenness for the whole system was 10.36, 2.06, and 0.89 for highland midland and lowland agroecological zones, respectively, which is relatively high compared with other agriculture-dominated systems in the tropics. The diversity of overall plant species were significantly affected by both agroecological zones and the wealth status of farmers. Midland and lowland agroecological zones had the highest richness values for total plant species than highland. Similarly, highest richness was recorded among farmers of rich and medium wealth classes than poor. The diversity of tree species was significantly affected by both agroecological zone and wealth status of farmer households. The lowland agroecological zone had a significantly higher number of tree species than midland and lowland agroecological zones, while the rich farmer had higher tree diversity compared to medium and poor farmers. The study also identified that diversity of shrubs were significantly influenced by agroecological zone. The midland agroecological had a significantly higher number of shrubs diversity compared to lowland and highland agroecological zones. In this study, herbaceous species diversity was not influenced by both agroecological zone and farmer wealth class. The function of plant species and indigenous plant species maintenance practice had its own effect on plant species diversity in the study area, since the area is dominated with organic agriculture. Therefore, to maintain the current status of the system and to improve the farmer’s livelihood, development planners may need to design agroecological-based plant species conservation strategies that give due consideration for indigenous plant species conservation practices and function of plant species.
Choline Intake Correlates with Cognitive Performance among Elder Adults in the United States
Authors: Liu Lu , Qiao Song , Zhuang Liying , Xu Shanhu , Chen Linhui , Lai Qilun , Wang Wenfeng
Published: October 2021

Objective. This research attempted to explore the neuroprotective effect of choline and establish evidence for future dietary recommendations and nutritional interventions to maintain a proper cognitive function among elders aged >60 years in the US. Method. This cross-sectional study retrieved data of 2,393 eligible elderly participants from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Combining dietary and supplement choline intake, total choline intake was evaluated using the 24-hour dietary recall method and the dietary supplement questionnaire. Total choline intake was categorized into tertiles, which ranged at <187.60 mg/day (T1), 187.60-399.50 mg/day (T2), and >399.50 mg/day (T3). The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Word Learning subtest, Animal Fluency (AF) test, and Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST) was used to measure cognitive function. Participants who scored the lowest 25th percentile in each cognitive test were classified in the low cognitive function (LC) group. Logistic regression models were implemented to examine the association between total choline intake and the incidence of LC. Results. In the CERAD test, the risk of LC was significantly lower in T2 than T1 (OR: 0.668, 95% CI: 0.493-0.904, and

P
=
0.006

) when adjusted for age, gender, BMI, alcohol consumption, and hypertension. Similarly, T2 was associated with a significantly lower risk of LC when assessed by the AF test (OR: 0.606, 95% CI: 0.580-0.724, and

P
<
0.001

) and DSST (0.584, 95% CI: 0.515-0.661, and

P
<
0.001

). In all three cognitive measures, the T3 of the total choline intake was not associated with cognitive function compared to T1. Conclusion. Total choline intake at 187.06-399.50 mg/day reduces the risk of LC by approximately 50% compared to intake at <187.6 mg/day. The findings of this research may be used to establish dietary recommendations and nutritional interventions to optimize the cognitive function among elders.
Deformation and Failure Analyses of the Surrounding Rock Mass with an Interlayer Shear Zone in the Baihetan Underground Powerhouse
Authors: Yuan Fei , Shi An-chi , Zhou Jia-wen , Hong Wang-bing , Wang Meng , Lu Gong-da , Chen Qin , Li Hai-bo
Published: October 2021

In the process of underground cavern excavation, the existence of the interlayer shear zones or large faults often makes the surrounding rock tend to be unstable or even deformed. Under the influence of interlayer shear zone C2, different degrees of deformation and failure occurred in many parts during the excavation of the Baihetan left bank underground powerhouse. Based on field monitoring and numerical calculation, this paper studies the deformation and failure characteristics of the rock mass with C2 in the whole excavation process and the failure mechanisms are analyzed. The results show that C2 has poor mechanical properties. In the process of excavation, it mainly induces two failure modes: rock collapse and shear deformation, which specifically leads to rock collapses, large deformation and shotcrete cracking in the main powerhouse, and shear deformation in the omnibus bar caves. In addition, the similarities and differences between this study and other studies on the deformation and failure of surrounding rock of underground powerhouse in recent years are discussed, and the relevant treatment measures for C2 are given. The above research results can be a reference for other related studies.
A BERT-Based Approach for Extracting Prerequisite Relations among Wikipedia Concepts
Authors: Bai Youheng , Zhang Yan , Xiao Kui , Lou Yuanyuan , Sun Kai
Published: October 2021

Concept prerequisite relation prediction is a common task in the field of knowledge discovery. Concept prerequisite relations can be used to rank learning resources and help learners plan their learning paths. As the largest Internet encyclopedia, Wikipedia is composed of many articles edited in multiple languages. Basic knowledge concepts in a variety of subjects can be found on Wikipedia. Although there are many knowledge concepts in each field, the prerequisite relations between them are not clear. When we browse pages in an area on Wikipedia, we do not know which page to start. In this paper, we propose a BERT-based Wikipedia concept prerequisite relation prediction model. First, we created two types of concept pair features, one is based on BERT sentence embedding and the other is based on the attributes of Wikipedia articles. Then, we use these two types of concept pair features to predict the prerequisite relations between two concepts. Experimental results show that our proposed method performs better than state-of-the-art methods for English and Chinese datasets.
Certain Bounds of Regularity of Elimination Ideals on Operations of Graphs
Authors: Lv Zongming , Junjua Muhammad Junaid Ali , Tahir Muhammad Tajammal , Shabbir Khurram
Published: October 2021

Elimination ideals are regarded as a special type of Borel type ideals, obtained from degree sequence of a graph, introduced by Anwar and Khalid. In this paper, we compute graphical degree stabilities of

K

n

∨

C

m

and

K

n

∗

C

m

by using the DVE method. We further compute sharp upper bound for Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of elimination ideals associated to these families of graphs.
A Survey of Cheese from Small-Scale Artisanal Producers in Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Nyamakwere F. , Esposito G. , Dzama K. , Muller M. , Moelich E. I. , Raffrenato E.
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was to assess cow milk cheese from small-scale producers in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Forty cheeses were selected, and microbiological data of the samples were analyzed with age (1, 3, 6 months), cheese type (Cheddar, Gouda, other), and milk type (raw and pasteurized) as main factors. Rapid sensory characterization was done using the sorting technique. The results indicated that the available cheese types were diverse, with minority (20.0%) in the Gouda group followed by Cheddar (32.5%) and “other” (47.5%). Most of these cheeses (45%) were aged three months and produced using pasteurized milk (92.5%). Five cheese samples did not meet the European Union standards for coliforms, and four samples tested positive for Escherichia coli. Sensory analysis results showed a clear differentiation between mature and young cheese. In conclusion, the current market presents more diverse milder cheeses, and there is a need to follow proper hygiene protocols to reduce cross-contamination.
Efficacy of Different Preemptive Analgesia on Postoperative Analgesia, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Response after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Sun Chengcheng , Yang Qinghua , Wang Chenyu , Zhao Jianyi , Dai Ming
Published: October 2021

Objective. To observe and compare the analgesic effects of oxycodone, pentazocine, and ketorolac tromethamine pre-emptive analgesia on gynecological laparoscopic patients after operation and the effects on oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. Methods. A total of 64 patients who underwent elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery in Yiwu Central Hospital from June 2019 to December 2020 were randomly divided into four groups (n = 16). Before anesthesia induction, oxycodone (group A), pentazocine (group B), ketorolac tromethamine (group C), and normal saline (group D) were, respectively, administered. Patients’ mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) changes, visual analogue scale (VAS), Bruggemann comfort scale (BCS), serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), blood glucose (CLU), serum cortisol level, postoperative adverse reactions, and additional analgesia were recorded at each time point. Results. The MAP levels of T2 (immediate intubation), T3 (immediate catheter removal), and T4 (5 min after catheter removal) in the four groups were higher than those of T1 (quiescent state), and the HR levels T2, T3, and T4 were lower than those of T1P<0.05. The MAP and HR levels of T2, T3, and T4 in patients of groups A, B, and C were lower than those of group D in the same periodP<0.05. The VAS and BCS scores of groups A, B, and C at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after operation were better than those of group D at the same time, and the scores of group A at 1 h and 6 h after operation were better than those of groups B and C at the same timeP<0.05. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP in the four groups of patients at 6, 12, and 24 h after operation were higher than those before operation, but those in groups A, B, and C were lower than those in group D, and those in group A were higher than those in groups B and C at 12 h and 24 h after operationP<0.05. The CLU and serum cortisol levels in the four groups were significantly higher at 6, 12, and 24 h after operation, but those in groups A, B, and C were lower than those in group D, and those in group A were lower than those in groups B and C at 6 and 12 h after operationP<0.05. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions within 24 h between the four groupsP>0.05. The incidence of additional analgesia in groups A, B, and C was lower than that in group DP<0.05. Conclusion. Oxycodone, pentazocine, and ketorolac tromethamine are effective and safe in inhibiting postoperative pain and the generation of inflammatory factors and relieving inflammatory state in gynecological laparoscopic pre-emptive analgesia. Oxycodone has better postoperative analgesic effect because it can effectively alleviate stress reaction.
Research on the Development of Innovation Path of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities Based on Cloud Computing and K-Means Clustering Algorithm Model
Authors: Hong Juan
Published: October 2021

As a distributed computing technology, cloud computing has the characteristics of fast processing speed, large-capacity data processing, and high overall efficiency. With the continuous development of communication technology today, cloud computing technology has begun to be applied in various industries and has promoted the development and progress of the industry. As an important part of college education, ideological and political education in colleges and universities is also constantly developing. The integration of cloud computing and ideological and political education is the main trend in the future. At present, the application research of cloud computing and wireless communication technology in the ideological and political education of colleges and universities has obtained some results, but there are still some problems. Therefore, the research on innovative methods of ideological and political education is extremely important. At present, under the attention of all walks of life, scholars have strengthened the research on new paths of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and they are also constantly experimenting with innovative methods. In this context, this paper studies the current situation of ideological and political education in colleges and universities through questionnaire surveys and analyzes the innovative mode of ideological and political education in colleges and universities in the context of cloud computing through the K-means clustering algorithm model.
Mathematical Modeling for Ceramic Shape 3D Image Based on Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Lijian , Liu Guangfu
Published: October 2021

Ceramic image shape 3D image modeling focuses on of ceramic that was obtained from the camera imaging equipment such as 2D images, by normalization, gray, filtering denoising, wavelet image sharpening edge enhancement, binarization, and shape contour extraction pretreatment processes such as extraction ceramic image shape edge profile, again, according to the image edge extraction and elliptic rotator ceramics phenomenon. The image distortion effect was optimized by self-application, and then the deep learning modeler was used to model the side edge contour. Finally, the 3D ceramic model of the rotating body was restored according to the intersection and central axis of the extracted contour. By studying the existing segmentation methods based on deep learning, the automatic segmentation of target ceramic image and the effect of target edge refinement and optimization are realized. After extracting and separating the target ceramics from the image, we processed the foreground image of the target into a three-dimensional model. In order to reduce the complexity of the model, a 3D contextual sequencing model is adopted to encode the hidden space features along the channel dimensions, to extract the causal correlation between channels. Each module in the compression framework is optimized by a rate-distortion loss function. The experimental results show that the proposed 3D image modeling method has significant advantages in compression performance compared with the optimal 2D 3D image modeling method based on deep learning, and the experimental results show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to JP3D and HEVC methods, especially at low bit rate points.