bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic Status of Drug Addicted Young People in Dhaka City
Authors: Rahman Farial Naima , Ahmad Mushtaq , Ali Mohammad
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Drug addiction is a burning problem in Bangladesh affecting vast population especially the youths. The spread of multi drug use has aggravated the overall situation affecting our personal, economical and social life, impairing health status, increasing crime and other unwanted risky behaviour.

Objective: To find out the socio-economical status of drug addicted young population in Dhaka City.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was performed during August 2016 to December 2016 at five drug addiction treatment and rehabilitation centre in Dhaka. A total of 57 habitual drug addicted young people were selected by purposive and convenient method of sampling. The primary data was collected by repeated visit to centers and face to face interview with addicts and their family members using a pre tested semistructured questionnaire containing both closed and open ended query. Collected data were compiled and analyzed later on.

Results: Most 45(78.95%) of the drug addicted young people were male and among them 12(21.05%) belonged to age group 15-17 years. Majority of addicts 46(80.71%) were Muslim. Educational qualification of 16(28.07%) samples was upto primary level, 21(36.84%) upto secondary level. Considering occupation, majority were students 14(24.56%) followed by unemployed 12(21.05%), day labourer 9(15.79%). Thirty five (61.40%) were the lone earning member of their family. Twelve people (21.05%) had monthly income of family below 10,000 taka. Most of the samples (64.91%) stayed in extended type of family. Thirty seven (75.51%) collected money for drug from family members and stealing from house followed by criminal activities 26(53.06%). Majority of the addicts (85.96%) started taking drugs after being influenced by friends. Causes of drug addiction included unemployment 12(21.05%), peer pressure 9(15.79%) and influence of foreign culture 8(14.03%). The commonly used drugs included- Barbiturate/sedatives 32(56.14%), Yaba 28(49.12%), Toluene/aica 22(38.59%). Oral route was the commonest 48(84.21%) followed by Injection 9(15.79%). Commonest place of drug addiction included dance bar/club house 18(31.58%), isolated room/mess 14(24.56%), open field 12(21.05%) and railway/ bus station 9(15.79%).

Conclusion: The dangers of drug addiction have been shifted from upper to middle and lower middle class population of our country. Elaborate national plan is needed to motivate young generation for involvement in study and productive activities. Preventive measures for drug smuggling and addiction are needed to be taken with great caution. More drug addiction treatment and rehabilitation centres are required to combat present situation.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 15-20
Composition of Renal Stone– An experience at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
Authors: Naznin Lubna , Saha Debashish , Chowdhury Md Jahangir , Akter Yasmin , Sultana Most Sarmin , Chowdhury Ashif
Published: June 2019

Introduction: In Asia the stone belt has been reported to stretch across our neighbouring countries Pakistan, India, Myanmar etc signifies a higher incidence of renal stone disease in Bangladesh.

Objective: To determine the pattern of chemical composition of renal stones by semi-quantitative technique in patients presented to Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) and to evaluate the predominant constituent present in them.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Chemical pathology department from October 2013 to October 2014. Renal stones of 37 Urolithiasis patients were analyzed chemically, using DiaSys analysis kit, employing titrimetric method for estimation of calcium and colorimetric method for Oxalate, Ammonium, Phosphate, Magnesium, Uric Acid and Cystine. Concentration of each individual component then was expressed in percentage and used to interpret renal stone composition using the calculation scale.

Results: Males were more prone to renal stone disease, having male to female ratio 5.2:1. Urinary stones occur in all age groups, in this study age ranged from 4 to 72 years with mean age 38.8±16.0 years and mostly affected was the working age group 21 to 50 years (70.2%). Mixed components (i.e. mixed stone) rather than a single component was the commonest type constituting 83.8% of all renal stones. The commonest mixed stone found was Calcium Oxalate with Apatite (41.9 %). Pure Calcium Oxalate was the 2nd most common (10.8%) variant followed by Struvite stones (5.4%). Cystine and Brushite were the least common renal stones in this study.

Conclusion: Calcium Oxalate was the most predominant chemical component in renal stones (94.6%). More research is needed to assess the frequency, types, and correlation of renal stones with environmental, dietary and genetic factors in Bangladesh.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 21-25
Development of Training Aids for Teaching-learning of Anatomy Incorporating the Views of Teachers and Students : A Prospective Study
Authors: Habib Md Ahsan , Manara Anju , Ayub Mahmuda , Begum Nasrin , Hossain Sharmin , Hossain Md Delowar
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Medical educationists in the field of anatomy are in search of alternative to the traditional anatomy education based on topographical structural anatomy. The integration of newer teaching modalities and modern technology is encouraging interest and enhancing retention of anatomical knowledge and its clinical relevance.

Objective: This study was designed to build an instructional infrastructure keeping in mind the demand of students as well as teachers and to analyze the effect of developed models on the learning of anatomy of undergraduate students.Materials and Methods: This prospective descriptive study was carried out at the department of anatomy, Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Dhaka Cantonment in two stages, during the period of January 2016 to December 2016. In the first stage, infrastructural facilities were developed for intervention in target population. Anatomical models were prepared by copying selected real abdominal viscera and models. During the second stage, the term II students were exposed to the newly developed learning environment and they got assistance from teachers. At the end of the term, students’ views were taken using structured questionnaires. After the term examination opinion of the teachers were taken using separate structured questionnaires. Result of the term final was analyzed. Statistical analysis was made using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 19.

Results: As per the opinion of the user around 3/4th perfection level was achieved in preparing model (students’ view 72.17±15.51% and teachers’ opinion 77.56±10.13%; p=0.31). Both students and teachers opined that they got good benefit (mean score 3.82± 0.64 and 4.11±0.33 respectively out of total score 1 to 5) from the use of models prepared at the department and issued to students. Of the studied students 96.9%, 87.5%, 87.5% and 90.6% expressed that figure/pictures, models, animations and movies and Power Point presentation respectively created positive interest among them and on their learning of anatomy. Only 7%, 6.1% and 2.6% students expressed that models, animations and movies and Power Point presentation respectively do not have positive role on their learning process. On the other hand 100% teachers opined that figure/pictures, models, animations and movies and Power Point presentation created positive interest in the students and on their learning of anatomy. Analysis of result of oral and practical part of top 80 students (65% of total) was done. Mean of percentage score of the students in term I and II examinations were 60.92±7.54 and 66.39±6.51 (p=00) and ranges 82.25 to 49.50 and 79.5 to 53.75 respectively.

Conclusion: Both the teachers and students advised to make the training aids more available to the students by increasing the number and also emphasized on the improvement of quality.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 50-55
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Seronegative Arthritis in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Haidar Md Shameem , Razzak Md Abdur
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The seronegative arthritis is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases with predominant involvement of axial, peripheral joints and enthesitis. All of these have some distinct as well as some overlapping features, characteristic peripheral asymmetrical lower limb involvement and a negative rheumatoid factor. Involvement of joints is usually oligoarticular but rarely polyarthritis may be present. Diagnosis is usually made from clinical features rather than investigations.

Objective: To evaluate the seronegative arthritis clinicopathologically by collecting and analyzing the relevant informations.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Chittagong from November 2015 to October 2016. A total 74 patients of suspected seronegative arthritis were included. Detail socio-demographic data were collected from the informant and recorded in structured case report form. Clinical examination and relevant investigations were done meticulously to confirm the aetiology of seronegative arthritis.

Results: Maximum number of patients was in the 3rd to 4th decade (62.1%), mean age of the patient was 37.4±8.7 and 38.7±8.1 years in male and female respectively. Malefemale ratio was 2.65:1. Symmetrical sacroiliitis was found in 15(20.2%) patients, asymmetrical sacroiliitis in 36(48.6%) and in 23(31.2%) cases sacroiliac joint was not involved. Common aetiology for seronegative arthritis showed that, reactive arthritis recognized in majority of patients 29 (39.1%) and second most common cause was seronegative rheumatoid arthritis in 23(31%) patients.

Conclusion: The Seronegative arthritis is a social, economical and health-care burden. Patients who develop 66 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 12, No 2 (December) 2016 arthritis have high disability, discomfort and loss of quality of life. Seronegative arthritis is an interesting group of related conditions with overlapping features and genetic and familial association. That may alert the primary care physician to attain possible diagnosis of spondyloarthritis and to consider a rheumatological opinion.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 66-70
Soil Pattern and Breeding of Sandfly in Endemic Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md Fashiur , Banu Selina , Alam Md Jahangir , Uddin Md Jalal , Sarker Md Abu Sayeed , Rahman Latifa , Paul Shyamal , Hossain Mohammad Mosharraf , Alim Md Abdul , Matsumoto Yoshitsugu , Rahman Md Bahanur
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Sandfly breeds in soil but is selective to identify soil favourable for their breeding. Soil covered by vegetation, marshy land, orchards and settlements shows high sandfly breeding in an endemic region. Besides,the presence of inorganic constituents of the soil was found to affect sandfly breeding.

Objective: To identify soil pattern in Kala-azar endemic areas suitable for sandfly breeding, and the relationship of soil’s physical and chemical properties with their breeding which may help in taking feasible measure to control the vector of Kala-azar or Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL).

Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted in the Kala-azar endemic areas of Trishal and Fulbaria of Mymensingh, Madhupur of Tangail and Chatmohor of Pabna district, Bangladesh during the period of July 2015 to December 2015. From each site, 250 gm soil was collected and packed in a plastic container. All the samples were taken in the laboratory and were kept as it is for one week to configure the moisture and soil temperature maintaining the lab room temp at 28±2ºC and relative humidity at 75.0%±2.0. Soil samples were analysed for physical and chemical properties at the Soil Science Department of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.

Results: Total 48 soil samples were collected from Trishal, Fulbaria, Madhupur, Chatmohor and each sample was analysed for physical property (sand, silt, clay, porosity, water content), chemical constituents (pH, C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, Fe). The mean from each district’s soil constituents (sand, silt, clay, porosity, water content) ranged from 17.36%-18.83%, 44.10%-45.46%, 35.70%-38.06% 41.98%-47.24% respectively and among the chemical constituents, pH ranged from 7.46-7.98, Carbon 0.92-0.98 Cmolkg-1, Nitrogen 0.174-0.184 Cmolkg-1, Calcium 4.83-6.21 Cmolkg-1, Magnesium 1.97-2.46 Cmolkg-1, Potassium as K2O 1.37-1.79 Cmolkg-1, Phosphorus as P2O5 12.60-13.78 Cmolkg-1, Iron as Fe2O3 9.54-10.06 Cmolkg-1 respectively.

Conclusion: Physical and chemical characteristics of soil by area of endemicity have been postulated to afford suitable environment for sandfly breeding. This information of the breeding sites of phlebotomine sandflies could help to plan environmental intervention measures that would impede the breeding of these insects.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 3-7
A Comparative Study on Short-term Clinical Outcome in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Sultana Syeda Aleya , Iqbal Syed Asif , Malek Md Abdul , Rahman Md Wali Ur , Alam Abu Yusuf Md Shahidul , Haque Md Aminul , Rabbani Safia Binte
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Coronary artery diseases are currently the major cause of death in developing countries. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is defined as any group of clinical symptoms compatible with acute myocardial ischemia and covers the spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from unstable angina (UA) to non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) to STelevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Accurate diagnosis and management of ACS has life-saving implications of its outcome.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of STEMI and NSTEMI in a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capable centre.

Materials and Methods: The patients who undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka were considered from January 2013 to January 2017. Diagnosis of acute MI was based on the clinical presentation, electrocardiogram (ECG) and raised highly sensitive troponin I. Acute MI patients were classified into 2 groups, STEMI and NSTEMI. Their coronary risk factors, co-morbidity, ECG, echocardiogram, coronary angiographic (CAG) findings and short-term outcomes were collected. All statistical data were analysed by SPSS 22.0 software.

Results: There were 464 patients enrolled for analysis. Among them, 208(44.8%) patients had STEMI and 256(55.2%) had NSTEMI. The ratio of male/female was greater in STEMI as compared to NSTEMI (4.0 vs 1.9; p=0.041). Among NSTEMI patients, 88(34.4%) had ST depression, 168(65.6%) patients had other ECG changes like T wave abnormalities in 66(25.7%) and poor R-wave progression in 16(6.3%). NSTEMI patients had less regional wall motion abnormality on echo cardiogram (p=0.0045). As a complication heart failure (36% vs 9.3%), cardiogenic shock (16.8% vs 15.6%), atrial fibrillation (7.2 vs 0.78 %), ventricular tachycardia (2.8% vs 0.5%), reinfarction (3 % vs 0.78%) and death (2.4% vs 0.40%) were observed more in STEMI patients than NSTEMI respectively. NSTEMI patients had less regional wall motion abnormality on echocardiogram (p=0.0045). As a complication heart failure (36% vs 9.3%), cardiogenic shock (16.8% vs 15.6%), atrial fibrillation (7.2% vs 0.78%), ventricular tachycardia (2.8% vs 0.5%), reinfarction (3% vs 0.78%) and death (2.4% vs 0.40%) were observed more in STEMI patients than NSTEMI respectively. Coronary angiogram shows that left anterior descending artery was the most commonly involved artery in STEMI; however, the left circumflex artery or right coronary artery was involved more commonly in NSTEMI (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The first step in successful treatment of acute MI depends on early diagnosis. Inspite of immediate management, STEMI had relatively worse outcome compared to NSTEMI.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 22-27
Occupational Stress in Health Professionals of Combined Military Hospitals
Authors: Munir Umar Rashed , Rahman Md Fashiur , Ahsan Mohammad Ahmed
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Stress is a term that is widely used in everyday life. Work-related stress is recognized globally as a major challenge to workers’ health and the health of an organization. Stress at work has become a serious problem affecting many people of different professions, life situation and age groups. The healthcare profession has been depicted as one of the most stressful occupations across the globe.

Objective: To assess the extent of occupational stress among health professionals of Combined Military Hospitals and to explore its association with work-related factors and family-work interference.

Materials and Methods: A total of 574 respondents were selected from five Combined Military Hospitals using simple random sampling considering doctors, nurses, paramedic medical assistants and technologists as the study population. Occupational stress was determined by Health Professions Stress Inventory (HPSI).

Results: Stress of health professionals was reassessed through HPSI and 1.0%, 77.6%, 20.7% and 0.8% were found to be mild, moderate, very and extremely stressful respectively. About one fifth (21.4%) were found to be in high stress. High stress was more prevalent among Paramedic Medical Assistants (PMAs) (24.5%), Paramedic Medical Technologists (PMTs) (23.2%) and nurses (21.9%) on contrary to doctors (11.7%). Their mean stress scores were 55.70±13.75, 55.44±13.53, 56.18±10.55 and 50.92±10.93 respectively (p<0.05) out of 124. Highest stress was in CMH Dhaka (56.50±14.27) followed by CMH, Rangpur (53.43±11.65) (p<0.05). The mean work hour per week for doctors, nurses, PMAs and PMTs were 63.25(±18.95), 55.70(±9.72), 89.58 (±17.44) and 80.58 (±16.12) hours respectively (p<0.05). Working for long/unsociable or unpredictable hours, financial and job insecurity were found to be related to the greater prevalence of high stress (p<0.05). The parameters of pressures at work, job satisfaction and support from colleagues/superior were found to be associated with high stress (p<0.05). Higher prevalence of family-work interference was found to be a predictor of high stress (p<0.05).

Conclusion: A large proportion health professional of Combined Military Hospitals were in high stress due to the prime stressors. Measures like workload-management, job-redesign, employee motivation and training should be taken to alleviate these stressors.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 37-41
From the Desk of Editor-in-Chief Vol 9(2)
Authors: Khan Md Aminul Haque
Published: June 2019

Abstract not available

J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(2): 71
PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI LINGKUNGAN RT.1 - RT.14/RW IV KELURAHAN RUNGKUT MENANGGAL KECAMATAN GUNUNGANYAR KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Siswati Nana Dyah , Edahwati Luluk
Published: June 2019

Sampai saat ini sampah masih menjadi permasalahan yang belum terpecahkan di Surabaya, LPA Benowo menerima total 1.283 ton sampah per hari dari seluruh wilayah Surabaya. Kondisi demikian jika tidak mengubah teknologi pengelolaan sampahnya, dipastikan dalam 4-5 tahun mendatang, TPA Benowo tidak lagi mampu menampung sampah warga Surabaya. Wilayah Rukun Warga (RW) IV Kelurahan Rungkut Menanggal Kecamatan Gununganyar Surabaya merupakan salah satu lokasi pemukiman teratur yang berada di wilayah Surabaya Timur dan dikenal sebagai Perumahan Rungkut Menanggal Harapan, terbagi menjadi 14 RT (RukunTetangga). Jumlah penduduk sekitar 3500 orang terdiri dari 845 KK (Kepala Keluarga) (Data RW IV, 2012). Setiap KK menghasilkan sampah ± 1kg/hari, sehingga seluruh RW menghasilkan sampah 845 kg/hari. Untuk membantu mengurangi jumlah sampah yang masuk di TPA Benowo, maka Tim IbM melakukan kegiatan daur ulang sampah organik dengan penekanan pada proses pengomposan.

Tujuan dari kegiatan tersebut adalah untuk memberikan nilai tambah sampah dengan menjadikannya pupuk organik yang bernilai ekonomis selain itu dapat mengurangi volume sampah yang masuk ke LPA Benowo dengan demikian secara otomatis ikut ambil bagian dalam menyelesaikan masalah sampah kota Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui kegiatan penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan.

Hasil yang diharapkan adalah terciptanya kualitas lingkungan yang lebih baik dan bebas dari bahan pencemar (polusi).

Kata kunci : sampah, kompos dan EM4 .
Perancangan Purwarupa Pengatur Suhu Otomatis pada Inkubator Penetasan Telur Ayam Menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Sensor Suhu IC LM 35
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Fahrudin Muhammad , Putra Perdana Prasetya Perwira
Published: June 2019

The development of electronic technology has created an ease in doing work especially those that require a long time as an example is the chicken egg incubator technology. If carried out manually, the chicken farmer must manually transfer the eggs, monitor the temperature set by the hour or set the expected temperature by experimenting many times. By using an automatic temperature controller, the farmer only needs one time to put the egg and put the sensor in the egg incubator. This study will discuss hardware and software which includes how to design a control device on a manually-controlled egg incubator for automatic control which consists of Arduino uno, a lamp as a heat source, a heat sensor, an LCD screen as an actual temperature sensor reader and fan as a room temperature stabilizer. From the results of testing the tool can function properly, ie the temperature is set to 38oC, if it exceeds the heat> 38oC, the fan will turn on to stabilize the temperature to 38oC.ABSTRAKPerkembangan teknologi elektronika telah menciptakan suatu kemudahan dalam melakukan pekerjaan terutama yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama sebagai contoh adalah teknologi penetas telur ayam. Jika dilaksanakan secara manual maka peternak ayam harus melakukan pemindahan telur secara manual, memantau keadaan suhu yang ditetapkan per jam atau mengatur suhu yang diharapkan dengan melakukan percobaan berkali-kali. Dengan menggunakan alat pengatur suhu otomatis maka peternak hanya memerlukan waktu sekali saja yaitu meletakkan telur dan meletakkan sensor dalam inkubator telur. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang meliputi Bagaimana merancang alat kontrol pada inkubator penetas telur yang terbuat secara manual kontrolnya menjadi kontrol otomatis yang terdiri dari Arduino uno, lampu sebagai sumber panas, sensor panas, layar LCD sebagai pembaca sensor suhu aktual dan kipas sebagai penstabil suhu ruangan. Dari hasil pengujian alat dapat berfungsi dengan baik yaitu suhu dibuat set point 38oC, jika melebihi panasnya > 38oC maka kipas akan hidup untuk menstabilkan suhu menjadi 38oC. Kata Kunci : perancangan; sensor suhu; arduino; penetas telur ayam
Nocturnal Architecture of Buildings: Interaction of Exterior Lighting and Visual Beauty
Authors: Nikoudel Fahimeh , Mahdavinejad Mohammadjavad , Vazifehdan Javad
Published: June 2019

Exterior lighting of buildings and their appearance at night is an important issue in architectural design. While the effect of natural daylight on the appearance of a building during the day is not completely under the control of the designer, exterior lighting at night is a design choice that can strongly effects the beauty of a building. The current research Delft University of Technology examined the effect of exterior lighting on the appearance of buildings at night using a questionnaire-based research methodology accompanied by in-depth statistical analysis of the results. The aspects addressed are how exterior lighting and its elements, such as luminous intensity (low vs. high intensity), colour diversity (single vs. multiple colour), lighting type (accent vs. uniform), and lighting state (harmonized vs. diversified), can affect the perception of the beauty of a building facade at night. The results confirm that exterior lighting of buildings substantially increases the beauty of the facades at night. The beauty of buildings increases with the use of single-colour accent lights in harmony with the facade and as the light intensity increases. On the other hand, the use of multi-colour or uniform lights with low intensity or not in harmony with the facade negatively impacts the beauty of the buildings. The results also indicate that light intensity and lighting types affect the perception of beauty of building facades more than colour diversity and lighting conditions.
Analysis of LED Driver Topologies with Respect to Power Factor and THD
Authors: Mukherjee Aniruddha , Bansal Trilok Chandra , Soni Amit
Published: June 2019

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are fast replacing incandescent lamps and CFLs in most of the developing nations. The reason can be attributed mainly to the enhanced lifetime and less energy consumption as compared to the other mentioned types. However one important aspect needs attention, the impact of driver on LEDs. LEDs are current controlled devices and hence emit maximum light with increase in current input to the device. This feature, boost up the light output but it increases the junction temperature of the device. Hence additional heat sinks are required to vent out the excessive heat generated due to increase current input to the LEDs. Those additional heat sinks are at times difficult to accommodate. So, designers have made arrangements to vent out the heat from the device. This is achieved by designing fins. However this arrangement is not suitable in places where the ambient temperature is more than normal. Thus, design of LED driver with controlled current input is essential in order to maintain the thermal limit of the device. Secondly, the AC-DC LEDs driver circuits, which are available in the market, are seldom equipped with input power factor and THD improvement circuitry as prescribed in IEC61000– 3–2. This is essential for maintaining the energy efficiency of the nearest utility services and in addition also improves on the current drawn by the device. The following work envisages these issues and proposes corrective driver circuit based on two different driver topologies, buck-boost topology and flyback topology. Both these topologies are proposed in order to address the aspects of power quality and its impact on the life of the device. The simulation were done using Green Point simulation tool from On Semiconductors.
Measuring the Sea Water Absorption Factor Using Integrating Sphere
Authors: Glukhovets Dmitry I. , Sheberstov Sergei V. , Kopelevich Oleg V. , Zaytseva Anna F. , Pogosyan Sergei I.
Published: June 2019

Practical questions of quickly determining the sea water absorption factor using an integrating sphere are considered: measurement technique and data processing, as well as reference solution calibration. Numerical experiments using the Monte-Carlo method are performed to evaluate the influence of the device features (absence of spherical symmetry and the presence of a reflection specular component from the quartz shell) on the determination of the absorption factor considering scattering properties of the medium. Examples of how the results of the proposed technique can be used are given under the conditions of sea expeditions.
AIR POLLUTION AND NON-CANCENOGENIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF CHELYABINSK REGION
Authors: Dolgushina N. A. , Kuvshinova I. A.
Published: June 2019

Aim: To estimate air pollution and calculate non-cancerogenic risks for health of the population in the industrial cities of Chelyabinsk region. Methods: The study was performed in the cities of Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk and Zlatoust. For calculation of levels of pollution of atmospheric air Average annual concentration of substances in the atmospheric air and their standard deviations were calculated. The frequency rate of excess of the actual average concentrations over maximum permissible concentration (MPC) was studied. Assessment of total pollution of atmospheric air in the cities has been carried out by calculation of composite indicator of air pollution (CIAP) for 2012-2016. Assessment of non-cancerogenic risk for health of the population was performed as specified in guidelines P2.1.10.1920-04. Results: No difference in qualitative composition of atmospheric pollutants between the cities was found. We observed, however, quantitative differences. The highest annual average chemical concentrations over the study period were determined in Magnitogorsk (CIAP = 9.3 ± 0.43) while the lowest level was recorded in Zlatoust (CIAP = 6.0 ± 0.38). Risk assessment has shown that the city of Magnitogorsk is the most polluted. The greatest risks were found for development delays, diseases of respiratory organs and diseases of central nervous system followed by diseases of gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. Conclusion: High levels of air pollution were detected in the cities of Chelyabinsk region. Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk and Zlatoust had similar pollutants in the atmosphere, but important quantitative differences were observed. Magnitogorsk had an unacceptable level of non-cancerogenic risk, while Chelyabinsk and Zlatoust had high levels. Developmental delays and respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular, the central nervous system diseases seem to be the main target systems.
CARDIOHEMODYNAMIC AND SECRETORY FUNCTION OF THE MYOCARDIUM IN ELITE ATHLETES DURING ADAPTATION TO COLD
Authors: Dernovoy B. F. , Prosheva V. I.
Published: June 2019

Aim: To study circulatory system functioning in elite skiers during adaptation to cold. Methods: Echocardiography, electrocardiography, recording of arterial pressure and electrochemiluminescent assessment of serum B-natriuretic peptide were performed to study the functioning of the cardiovascular system in 16 skiers during the period of preparation for the national competitions in different seasons. Results. Adaptive structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system remain during seasons. At the same time, considerable seasonal differences in the functioning of the circulatory system were found. In winter, the subjects showed lower blood pressure, larger size of the left heart cavity, an higher rate of early blood filling of the left ventricle, transtricuspid blood flow, as well as the time of hemodynamics in the root of the pulmonary artery. In the rehabilitation period after exercise in skiers background levels of serum NT-proBNP in winter were about three times lower than in summer. Conclusion. The results have shown that the cardiovascular system of elite skiers during seasonal preparation for the competition is characterized by stable adaptive structural and functional changes. Adaptation to cold increases the influence of vagus nerve on the tone of resistive vessels, increases cardiohemodynamics and decreases basal secretory function of the myocardium in response to hemodynamic loads.
Estimation of Wheat Area using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Datasets (A Comparative Analysis)
Authors: Behzad Ayesha , Aamir Muneeb , Raza Syed Ahmed , Qaiser Ansab , Fatima Syeda Yuman , Karamat Awais , Mahmood Syed Amer
Published: June 2019

Wheat is the basic staple food, largely grown, widely used and highly demanded. It is used in multiple food products which are served as fundamental constituent to human body. Various regional economies are partially or fully dependent upon wheat production. Estimation of wheat area is essential to predict its contribution in regional economy. This study presents a comparative analysis of optical and active imagery for estimation of area under wheat cultivation. Sentinel-1 data was downloaded in Ground Range Detection (GRD) format and applied the Random Forest Classification using Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP) tools. We obtained a Sentinel-2 image for the month of March and applied supervised classification in Erdas Imagine 14. The random forest classification results of Sentinel-1 show that the total area under investigation was 1089km2 which was further subdivided in three classes including wheat (551km2), built-up (450 km2) and the water body (89 km2). Supervised classification results of Sentinel-2 data show that the area under wheat crop was 510 km2, however the built-up and waterbody were 477 km2, 102 km2 respectively. The integrated map of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 show that the area under wheat was 531 km2 and the other features including water body and the built-up area were 95 km2 and 463 km2 respectively. We applied a Kappa coefficient to Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 and Integrated Maps and found an accuracy of 71%, 78% and 85% respectively. We found that remotely sensed algorithms of classifications are reliable for future predictions.
IMPLEMENTASI GREEN AND ECO-HABIT CONCEPT TERHADAP DESAIN FISIK KAWASAN WISATA DI KOTA UBUD
Authors: Lokantara I Gede Wyana , Hidayati Nanik , Putri Marsista Buana
Published: June 2019

Aktivitas pembangunan yang terus berjalan banyak menghabiskan sumberdaya alam dan mengakibatkan kerusakan-kerusakan pada alam, dan tidak jarang juga pembangunan tersebut mempunyai pengaruh negarif terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi pada daerah itu sendiri. Industri pariwisata yang dikembangkan di berbagai sektor pariwisata, baik biro perjalanan wisata (BPW), hotel dan restoran, transportasi, seni pertunjukan, cendramata, dan lain sebagainya. Hal inilah kiranya yang mendorong terjadinya  pengembangan dan mengoptimalisasikan obyek wisata di Bali tanpa terkecuali Kota Ubud. Berdasarkan hal tersebut mengantisipasi konsep wisata yang menghabiskan energi maka perlu dikembangkan konsep green. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsep dan desain pengembangan konsep wisata Kota Ubud, Gianyar.  Metode yang digunakan adalah mix method yaitu menggabungkan analisis penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan melaukan pengukuran dan statistik objektif melalui perhitungan ilmiah yang berasal dari sampel penduduk yang bermukim di  lokasi wisata Kota Ubud . Hasil dari Peneitian ini adalah bentuk dan struktur badan bangunan rumah menggunakan teknologi Green and Eco-Habit yang ada di Kota Ubud  dibuat sederhana dengan pola-pola yang sederhana. Material tersebut bisa dilihat dari besar dan bentuk atap bangunannya menggunakan bentuk limasan. Struktur badan bangunan pada setiap fasilitas pariwisata ini menggunakan tiang (sesaka) sebagai penyangga yang terbuat dari kayu, begitu juga halnya dengan struktur atap menggunakan bahan kayu yang dikombinasikan dengan bambu. Dilihat dari aspek ekologi pemanfaatan konsep green pada desain kawasan  akan mengurangi pemborosan energi dalam kegiatan pembangunan. Berdasarkan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat, dapat dilihat dari skor keseluruhan yang diperoleh bahwa konsep harmonasi lingkungan mendapat prioritas utama. Hasil skor keseluruhan yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 130%. Skor tersebut berada diantara area median dan kuartil III, atau pada area positif. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa masyarakat dan pengunjung yang datang ke kawasan wisata ubud cukup puas dengan konsep pengembangan wisata green yang dikembangkan saat ini
PEMODELAN ARSITEKTUR ENTERPRISE PADA PT. HADJI KALLA CABANG PALOPO SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Susilawati Fitrah Eka , Utami Ema , Amborowati Armadyah
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan enterprise arsitektur ke dalam kerangka Zachman. Pemodelan enterprise arsitektur pada PT. Hadji Kalla Cabang Palopo diawali dengan pendefinisian fungsi bisnis utama organisasi dengan menggunakan rantai nilai Value Chain yang menghasilkan sembilan area fungsional bisnis yang dibedakan atas lima fungsional bisnis utama (Primary activities) yang meliputi Manajemen customer, Manajemen Inventory, Manajemen Penjualan Kendaraan, Manajemen Penjualan Spare Part, Manajemen Servis, dan empat fungsional bisnis pendukung (Support activities) yang meliputi Manajemen Keuangan, Intenet Promotion, Manajemen administrasi karyawan, Manajemen surat kendaraan, dan Manajemen Aset. Sembilan area fungsional bisnis ini yang akan menjadi kandidat sistem informasi. Hasil dari perencanaan arsitektur enterprise berupa suatu blueprint (cetak biru) untuk arsitektur data, aplikasi dan teknologi pada PT. Hadji Kalla Cabang Palopo. Kandidat aplikasi yang di analisis ke dalam Mc.Farlan Strategic Grid dihasilkan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Kendaraan, Sistem Informasi Penjualan Spare Part dan Sistem Informasi Servis yang menjadi prioritas utama pengembangan yang kemudian perancangannya di analisis ke dalam sel-sel kerangka Zachman yaitu 3 baris perspektif dan 6 kolom abstraksi.
Effects of Anthocyanin Supplementation on Serum Lipids, Glucose, Markers of Inflammation and Cognition in Adults With Increased Risk of Dementia – A Pilot Study
Authors: Bergland Anne Katrine , Soennesyn Hogne , Dalen Ingvild , Rodriguez-Mateos Ana , Berge Rolf Kristian , Giil Lasse Melvaer , Rajendran Lawrence , Siow Richard , Tassotti Michele , Larsen Alf Inge , Aarsland Dag
Published: June 2019

Background

Anthocyanins may protect against cardiovascular related cognitive decline and dementia.

Objective

Open-label study to measure changes in serum lipids, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and markers of inflammation after anthocyanin supplementation in people with increased risk of dementia. As a secondary endpoint we examined potential changes in a battery of cognitive test in the anthocyanin group (AG). A total of 27 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 8) or stable non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 19) consumed two Medox® capsules, each containing 80 mg of natural purified anthocyanins, twice daily for 16 weeks. They provided blood samples and performed a short battery of cognitive tests. Twenty healthy normal controls (NC) (n = 20) provided blood samples, but did not receive any intervention and did not perform cognitive tests.

Results

There was a significant difference between groups for monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and fasting glucose. In addition, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly increased in the AG. Improvements in memory and executive test scores were observed. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion

The results of this pilot study were largely inconclusive with regard to the potential protective effects of anthocyanin supplementation. However, anthocyanins were well tolerated, and compliance was high. Larger, placebo-controlled studies to explore the potential effects of anthocyanins on dementia risk are encouraged.

Clinical Trial Registration

www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02409446
Experimental Investigations on Self-Bearing Motors with Combined Torque and Electrodynamic Bearing Windings
Authors: Kluyskens Virginie , Van Verdeghem Joachim , Dehez Bruno
Published: June 2019

The centering guidance forces in self-bearing permanent magnet motors are magnetically integrated with the torque generation windings, and can take place in a single multifunction winding. This radial guidance is usually actively controlled as a function of the rotor position, with the drawbacks associated to actively controlled devices. This article describes how multifunction windings can passively generate electrodynamic centering forces without the need for specific additional electronics, and simultaneously a driving torque if fed by a power supply. It shows the experimental electromotive force (EMF) measures, both for the electrodynamic centering and for the motor functions, obtained on a prototype, operating in quasistatic conditions. It also shows the measured radial forces generated by the electrodynamic bearing and the measured drive torque in these conditions. These measures show a good agreement with model predictions. These measures also confirm the theoretical conclusions stating that it is possible to generate passive guidance forces and torque simultaneously in a single winding. The effect of adding external inductors on the coils of the prototype is also investigated by experimental measures and model predictions on the bearing radial forces, and on the motor driving torque. It is shown that these external inductors mainly affect the radial guidance forces with minor impact on the torque.
Dehydrated Alfalfa and Fresh Grass Supply in Young Rabbits: Effect on Performance and Caecal Microbiota Biodiversity
Authors: Mattioli Simona , Dal Bosco Alessandro , Combes Sylvie , Moscati Livia , Crotti Silvia , Cartoni Mancinelli Alice , Cotozzolo Elisa , Castellini Cesare
Published: June 2019

The improvement of rabbit gut microbiota by modifying nutritional components of the feed or favoring its early intake of feed has been previously investigated. The early administration of dehydrated alfalfa (A) or fresh grass (G) for rabbits, during the peri-weaning period (30 and 45 days of age), and their effect on performance and caecal microbiota compared to a standard diet (C) were evaluated. Until 15 days of age, nine litters/group were housed in the maternal cage and milked once per day. From 15 to 30 days, the young rabbits could consume both milk and solid feed (pelleted for C or supplemental feed for A and G). At 30 days of age, the rabbits were weaned and, until 45 days, were kept in single cages following the same dietary protocol. No significant changes were found in the milk intake or the individual weight of young rabbits at 30 and 45 days. The caecal Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (bacterial phyla ratio) increased with age (from 2.43 to 6.05 on average, at 30 and 45 days). The Ruminococcaceae/Lachinospiraceae (bacterial family ratio) was highest in the A group at both ages, followed by G then C. The early administration of dehydrated alfalfa is a promising solution to improve health status by favoring an appropriate digestive microbiota.
Carpinus turczaninowii Extract May Alleviate High Glucose-Induced Arterial Damage and Inflammation
Authors: Song Juhyun , Yoon So Ra , Son Youn Kyoung , Bang Woo Young , Bae Chang-Hwan , Yeo Joo-Hong , Kim Hyun-Jin , Kim Oh Yoen
Published: June 2019

Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress triggers severe vascular damage and induces an inflammatory vascular state, and is, therefore, one of the main causes of atherosclerosis. Recently, interest in the natural compound Carpinus turczaninowii has increased because of its reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated whether a C. turczaninowii extract was capable of attenuating high glucose-induced inflammation and arterial damage using human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (hASMCs). mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory response [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP)], and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-protein activated kinase α2 (AMPK α2)], and DNA damage [phosphorylated H2.AX (p-H2.AX)] were measured in hASMCs treated with the C. turczaninowii extracts (1 and 10 μg/mL) after being stimulated by high glucose (25 mM) or not. The C. turczaninowii extract attenuated the increased mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and CHOP in hASMCs under high glucose conditions. The expression levels of p-H2.AX and AMPK α2 induced by high glucose were also significantly decreased in response to treatment with the C. turczaninowii extract. In addition, 15 types of phenolic compounds including quercetin, myricitrin, and ellagic acid, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, were identified in the C. turczaninowii extract through ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight (UPLC-Q-TOF) mass spectrometry. In conclusion, C. turczaninowii may alleviate high glucose-induced inflammation and arterial damage in hASMCs, and may have potential in the treatment of hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerosis.
Numerical–Experimental Correlation of Impact-Induced Damages in CFRP Laminates
Authors: Sellitto Andrea , Saputo Salvatore , Di Caprio Francesco , Riccio Aniello , Russo Angela , Acanfora Valerio
Published: June 2019

Composite laminates are characterized by high mechanical in-plane properties and poor out-of-plane characteristics. This issue becomes even more relevant when dealing with impact phenomena occurring in the transverse direction. In aeronautics, Low Velocity Impacts (LVIs) may occur during the service life of the aircraft. LVI may produce damage inside the laminate, which are not easily detectable and can seriously degrade the mechanical properties of the structure. In this paper, a numerical-experimental investigation is carried out, in order to study the mechanical behavior of rectangular laminated specimens subjected to low velocity impacts. The numerical model that best represents the impact phenomenon has been chosen by numerical–analytical investigations. A user defined material model (VUMAT) has been developed in Abaqus/Explicit environment to simulate the composite intra-laminar damage behavior in solid elements. The analyses results were compared to experimental test data on a laminated specimen, performed according to ASTM D7136 standard, in order to verify the robustness of the adopted numerical model and the influence of modeling parameters on the accuracy of numerical results.
Intensity-Modulated PM-PCF Sagnac Loop in a DWDM Setup for Strain Measurement
Authors: Mądry Mateusz , Alwis Lourdes , Bereś-Pawlik Elżbieta
Published: June 2019

A novel intensity-modulated Sagnac loop sensor based on polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PM-PCF) in a setup with a dense wavelength division multiplexer (DWDM) for strain measurement is presented. The sensor head is made of PM-PCF spliced to single-mode fibers. The interferometer spectrum shifts in response to the longitudinal strain experienced by the PM-PCF. After passing the Sagnac loop, light is transmitted by a selected DWDM channel, resulting in a change in the output optical power due to the elongation of PM-PCF. Hence, appropriate adjustment of spectral characteristics of the DWDM channel and the PM-PCF Sagnac interferometer is required. However, the proposed setup utilizes an optical power measurement scheme, simultaneously omitting expensive and complex optical spectrum analyzers. An additional feature is the possibility of multiplexing of the PM-PCF Sagnac loop in order to create a fiber optic sensor network.
Auto-Generation System Based on Fractal Geometry for Batik Pattern Design
Authors: Tian Guidong , Yuan Qingni , Hu Tao , Shi Yi
Published: June 2019

In order to obtain the automatic simulation generation of traditional handmade batik patterns in a computer, this paper proposes the automatic generation method of batik flower patterns based on fractal geometry. Firstly, we analyze the fractal characteristics of batik flowers and design an automatic flower generation algorithm based on a two-dimensional iterated function system (IFS) and a curve function. The algorithm forms a complete flower pattern. Secondly, a nonlinear function is defined and the flower pattern is introduced into the nonlinear function to iterate and change. On this basis, we present an automatic generation method of different distribution patterns for flower patterns which obtains the most effective range of each parameter value for each function. Finally, in order to verify the feasibility of the automatic generation method of batik flower patterns, we develop an automatic generation experiment system for batik patterns via an interactive way of working. The results show that the user or designer can quickly and automatically simulate a series of flower patterns by changing the relevant parameter values, realizing the digitization and innovative design of the pattern and enriching the batik pattern base.