bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
4. The Byzantium Poems; Apocalypse in ‘The Secret Rose’ and ‘The Second Coming’
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

Fusing quest with the theme of reincarnation, a process that turn out be both spiritual and erotic, we move with the help of Blake, first from Fairyland to Byzantium, then, via the alchemical, Rosicrucian and Blakean apocalypse of ‘The Secret Rose,’ to the bestial apocalypse of ‘The Second Coming.’ Drawing attention to the grammatical and tonal conflict between oracular assertion and troubled questioning in the final movement of ‘The Second Coming,’ emphasis is placed on the poem’s mystery, what we don’t ‘know,’ as opposed to the speaker’s ‘now I know,’ and the certitude of Yeats’s own note to the poem.
5. Gnosis and Self-Redemption
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

The theme of knowledge, or gnosis, is explored briefly in ‘Leda and the Swan’ and ‘The Mother of God’ (the first two poems, culminating in the third, ‘The Second Coming,’ in Yeats’s historical scheme of 2,000-year-cycles). That theme is then examined at length in two poems: the gnomic yet sweeping ‘Fragments,’ and in what is arguably Yeats’s central poem, ‘A Dialogue of Self and Soul,’ in which his principal shaping influences, Blake and Nietzsche, are fused by Yeats, resulting in an ecstatic embrace, despite the attendant suffering, of eternal recurrence: an act of self-redemptive secular beatitude in which everything we look upon is blest.
7. Mountain Visions and Other Last Things
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

Sustained discussion of three texts: first, the final movement of the late masterpiece, ‘Lapis Lazuli’( read in the double context of another poem of Asiatic mountain-vision, the sonnet ‘Meru,’ and of Keats’s ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’; second, close readings of two death-poems, the Dantesque and self-revealing ‘Cuchulain Comforted,’ written on the eve of the poet’s actual death; and ‘What Then?,’ its immediate audience students in Yeats’s old high school, and therefore a particularly accessible demonstration that the tension between the temporal and the eternal, the Homeric -Nietzschean antithetical and the Platonic-Christian primary, persists, as both challenge and imaginative stimulus, to the end.
10. The Poems
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

An examination of a representative selection of Maud-Gonne poems, from ‘The Song of Wandering Aengus,’ ‘The Cap and Bells,’ and ‘He wishes for the Cloths of Heaven,’ to ‘The Lover pleads with his Friend for Old Friends ’ and ‘He wishes his Beloved were Dead,’ on to ‘Friends,’ ‘To a Young Girl,’ and (especially) ‘A Prayer for my Daughter.’
13. Responsibilities and The Wild Swans at Coole
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

Maud’s imagined response to the untitled prefatory poem to Responsibilities. Discussion of ‘A Memory of Youth’ and ‘Fallen Majesty.’ Sustained analysis of the enigmatic ‘The Cold Heaven.’ Of the poems in The Wild Swans at Coole, those examined include the title poem, ‘Her Praise,’ The People’ (a crucial poem, place in the context of the 1897 riot, in which Yeats prevented Maud, against her will, from participating the melee), ‘His Phoenix,’ ’A Thought from Propertius,’ ‘Broken Dreams,’ ‘On Woman, ‘Memory, ‘ and ‘A Deep-sworn Vow.’
15. Thought Distracted
Authors: Keane Patrick
Published: December 2021

The pathos of mutability and tragic joy: ‘Man and the Echo’ read in the light of Seamus Heaney’s Oxford lecture, ‘Joy or Night.’ Explication and contextualization of ‘Politics,’ the lyric Yeats intended to be read as his poetic last word, as a final Maud Gonne poem. Yeats’s affirmation of life and of love compared to that of James Joyce, as expressed by Molly Bloom in her reverie, ending with the word ‘Yes,’ in the climactic pages of Ulysses. The frustrating but poetically fruitful Muse-Poet relationship with Maud Gonne as both curse and blessing to Yeats, with (in Maud’s own words) ‘our children your poems,’ immortal children with ‘wings.’
The association between alcohol use disorder and suicidal ideation in a New Zealand birth cohort
Authors: Crossin Rose , Cleland Lana , McLeod Geraldine FH , Beautrais Annette , Witt Katrina , Boden Joseph M
Published: December 2021

Background:

Alcohol use disorder is associated with increased suicide risk; however, both alcohol use disorder and suicide share risk factors which must be accounted for in order to understand this relationship. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationship between alcohol use disorder and suicidal ideation in adulthood, while accounting for both child background and adult covariate factors.

Method:

Data were collected from the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a birth cohort of 1265 children born in Christchurch (New Zealand) in mid-1977. Alcohol use disorder (operationalised as alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence) was quantified between age 18 and 40 in five data waves. The outcome measure suicidal ideation was reported over the same time periods. Childhood confounding variables were controlled for, as well as time-dynamic covariates collected in adulthood, including internalising disorders, distress due to relationship dissolutions and other substance use disorders.

Results:

The association between alcohol abuse and suicidal ideation was not statistically significant before or after adjusting for childhood confounding and adulthood covariate factors, when compared to no alcohol disorder. However, the association between alcohol dependence and suicidal ideation was significant both before and after adjustment (unadjusted odds ratio = 2.89, 95% confidence interval = [2.09, 3.99]; adjusted odds ratio = 1.52, 95% confidence interval = [1.04, 2.23]), when compared to no alcohol disorder. Furthermore, alcohol dependence remained significant when compared to alcohol abuse (unadjusted odds ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval = [1.61, 3.37]; adjusted odds ratio = 1.54, 95% confidence interval = [1.00, 2.37]).

Conclusion:

This analysis found an association between alcohol dependence and suicidal ideation within a New Zealand birth cohort, which persists even after adjustment for childhood confounding and adulthood covariate factors. Given the high rates of suicide and heavy drinking within the New Zealand population, any comprehensive national or regional suicide prevention plan should seek to reduce risky alcohol consumption at an individual and population level, as this represents a modifiable risk factor for suicide.
Impact of Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Infant Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalization
Authors: Ungar Stephanie P. , Solomon Sadie , Stachel Anna , Demarco Kathleen , Roman Ashley S. , Lighter Jennifer
Published: December 2021

To better understand the impact of prenatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on infants, this study sought to compare the risk of hospital visits and of postnatal SARS-CoV-2 infection between infants born to mothers with and without prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this retrospective observational cohort study of 6871 mothers and their infants, overall rates of emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions in the first 90 days of life were similar for infants born to mothers with and without prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infants born to negative mothers were more likely than infants of positive mothers to be hospitalized after ED visit (relative risk: 3.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.27-11.13, P = .003). Five infants tested positive; all were born to negative mothers, suggesting that maternal prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection may protect infants from postnatal infection. The lower acuity ED visits for infants born to mothers with prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection may reflect a heightened level of concern among these mothers.
Centralized Otolaryngology Research Efforts: Stepping‐stones to Innovation and Equity in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Brenner Michael J. , Nelson Rick F. , Valdez Tulio A. , Moody‐Antonio Stephanie A. , Nathan Cherie‐Anne O. , St John Maie A. , Francis Howard W.
Published: December 2021

The Centralized Otolaryngology Research Efforts (CORE) grant program coordinates research funding initiatives across the subspecialties of otolaryngology–head and neck surgery. Modeled after National Institutes of Health study sections, CORE grant review processes provide comprehensive reviews of scientific proposals. The organizational structure and grant review process support grant‐writing skills, attention to study design, and other components of academic maturation toward securing external grants from the National Institutes of Health or other agencies. As a learning community and a catalyst for scientific advances, CORE evaluates clinical, translational, basic science, and health services research. Amid the societal reckoning around long‐standing social injustices and health inequities, an important question is to what extent CORE engenders diversity, equity, and inclusion for the otolaryngology workforce. This commentary explores CORE’s track record as a stepping‐stone for promoting equity and innovation in the specialty. Such insights can help maximize opportunities for cultivating diverse leaders across the career continuum.
Who wants COVID-19 vaccination to be compulsory? The impact of party cues, left-right ideology, and populism
Authors: Juen Christina-Marie , Jankowski Michael , Huber Robert A , Frank Torren , Maaß Leena , Tepe Markus
Published: December 2021

Vaccine hesitancy is one of the major obstacles for successfully combating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve a sufficiently high vaccination rate, calls for compulsory vaccinations have been discussed controversially. This study analyses what drives citizens’ attitudes towards compulsory vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we are interested in the impact of party- and expert cues on public attitudes. We further expect populist attitudes to be an important indicator of the rejection of compulsory vaccination due to their scepticism towards science. To test these expectations, we rely on a cueing experiment conducted on a sample of 2265 German citizens. We test for the effects of in-party and out-party cues as well as public health expert cues. We find evidence for in-party cues, meaning that respondents adjust their position on this issue in the direction of their most preferred party. Similar results can be found for public health expert cues. However, there is no evidence for out-party cues. Further analyses reveal that support for compulsory vaccinations is not affected by left-right placement directly. Instead, only the combination of right-wing attitudes and populism negatively affects support for compulsory vaccination.
Counter-hegemonic leadership for democratic alter-politics in our times
Authors: Kioupkiolis Alexandros
Published: December 2021

This article sets out to grapple with strategic challenges facing democratic alter-politics in our times, dwelling on the question of leadership to explore ways of overcoming the frailties and risks that beset grassroots collective agency for democratic renewal. Discussion begins thus by fleshing out the notion of contemporary democratic alter-politics which breaks both with top-down statist rule and conventional activism, fostering openness, diversity, assembly-based democracy, attention to process, egalitarianism, prefiguration, work in everyday life along with mass mobilization, and engagement with institutions to effect change. In a second step, the argument brings out the strategic limitations of this alter-politics by engaging with relevant theories and reflections on strategy. The following key part of the article sketches the outlines of a strategy of counter-hegemony that could tackle some of these limitations by reconfiguring democratic leadership. Drawing on recent social movements and organizational studies, critical analysis will seek to indicate how the pursuit of effective leadership can be aligned with the alter-politics of egalitarian collective self-direction to boost and expand it in the political circumstances of the present. The nub of the argument is that ‘another leadership’ that is assembly-based, technopolitical, reflective, distributed, ‘servant’, and feminized can further democratic alter-politics.
Impact of Challenging Behavior on Marginalized and Minoritized Caregivers of Children With Disabilities
Authors: Adams Nicole B. , McGuire Stacy N. , Meadan Hedda , Loya Melanie R Martin , Terol Adriana K. , Haidar Ban , Fanta Andrea S.
Published: December 2021

Challenging behavior (CB) is a common occurrence in early childhood and frequently occurs in young children with disabilities. CB is also culturally perceived and includes differences in how caregivers understand and define the topography of CB. Despite the cultural interpretation, CB is known to impact the child and their family but there has been little exploration of what marginalized caregivers perceive as the impact of the CB that their young children with disabilities exhibit. We used semi-structured interviews to explore the perceptions of 24 caregivers, who identified as Black, Mexican American, and White, about the impact of their child’s CB. Caregivers shared how the CB impacted themselves, their families, their child, and others. Although much of the impact was similar among caregivers, we discuss nuanced differences across ethnic groups.
Training babies for “sweet anticipation”: Emphasizing expectation arousal in infant-directed mother singing
Authors: Shimony Alma D , Cohen Veronika W
Published: December 2021

This study explores how mothers construct, implement, and break musical anticipations while singing to their infants. Five mothers were videotaped multiple times while singing to their infants the songs that they routinely sang in their homes. Analysis of the videotapes focused on the following two aspects of the mothers’ performance of the songs: (1) the vocal aspect of the mother’s performance, which was examined with respect to dynamic changes, accents, and rhythmic variations and (2) the physical aspect, which included moving, touching, and smiling while singing. The results of this study were reached by integrating the above data. We show that mothers do construct, implement, and break musical anticipations in vocal and motional performances of songs they sing to their infants. They construct their infants’ musical anticipations, encouraging them to predict what is about to happen; stimulate arousal and attention of the infants using the tension mechanism of delayed gratification; they emphasize unexpected musical events, creating emotional experiences for the infants. These conclusions provide a new explanation for the great importance of infant-directed mother singing.
The January 6 Insurrection: Historical and Global Contexts
Authors: Anderson Kevin B.
Published: December 2021

The 6 January 2021, Trumpist insurrection is in continuity with centuries of white mob violence in the United States, going back to the thwarted 1861 attempt to attack the Capitol in order to overturn Lincoln’s election. At the same, time Trumpism as a modern phenomenon also exhibits links and affinities to contemporary global neofascist and rightwing populist movements. Although small towns and rural areas were heavily represented among the participants on 6 January, analysts need—in the spirit of Marx—to avoid the Lassallean trap of writing off rural populations as uniformly conservative. In this sense, we need to grasp the pervasive racism at the root of Trumpism and its analogues without falling into a view of rural areas as monolithic.
Performance assessment of energy efficient and eco-friendly turning of Nimonic C-263: A comparative study on MQL and cryogenic machining
Authors: Jadhav Prashant S , Mohanty Chinmaya P
Published: December 2021

Nimonic C-263 is predominantly used in the manufacturing of heat susceptible intricate components in the gas turbine, aircraft, and automotive industries. Owing to its high strength, poor thermal conductivity, the superalloy is difficult to machine and causes rapid tool wear during conventional machining mode. Moreover, the unpleasant machining noise produced during machining severely disrupts the tool engineer’s concentration, thereby denying a precise and environment friendly machining operation. Hence, close dimensional accuracy, superior machined surface quality along with production economy, and pleasant work environment for the tool engineers is the need of an hour of the current manufacturing industry. To counter such issues, the present work attempts to compare and explore the machinability of two of the most popular machining strategies like minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and cryogenic machining process during turning of Nimonic C-263 work piece in order to achieve an ideal machining environment. The machining characteristics are compared in terms of surface roughness (SR), power consumption (P), machining noise (S), nose wear (NW), and cutting forces (CF) to evaluate the impact of machining variables like cutting speed (Vc), feed (f), and depth of cut (ap) with a detailed parametric study and technical justification. Yet again, an investigation is conducted to compare both the machining strategies in terms of qualitative responses like chip morphology, total machining cost, and carbon emissions. The study revealed that cryogenic machining strategy is adequately proficient over MQL machining to deliver energy proficient and gratifying work environment for the tool engineers by reducing the cost of machining and improving their work efficiency.
Numerical analysis of fatigue crack growth using a plastically dissipated energy factor based model
Authors: Wang Jie , Jiang Wei
Published: December 2021

The investigation of fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior may contribute to the assessment of damage tolerance of components. To study the FCG behavior considering the elastic–plastic behavior at the crack tip, a numerical simulation scheme based on compact tension (CT) specimen is developed. Also, an effective plastically dissipated energy (PDE) factor composed of maximum PDE ([Formula: see text]) and PDE range ([Formula: see text]) is proposed to establish the expression for evaluating the FCG rate. The simulation results show good agreement with the results of test under same load conditions. Also, the mesh sensitivity analysis and the comparison with test results confirm the validation of proposed model. Based on the proposed numerical simulation scheme, the FCG behavior is studied by analyzing the influence of plastic wake, mean load, load range, overload, underload, load sequence, and cyclic compression load on FCG from the perspective of crack driving force, FCG rate, and crack opening displacement (COD). It is found from the analysis results that the developed numerical simulation scheme can consider the load history effect and crack closure effect. The mechanisms of these factors on the influence of FCG rate are analyzed in detail.
Aboriginal Australian mental health during the first 100 years of colonization, 1788–1888: a historical review of nineteenth-century documents
Authors: Raeburn Toby , Sale Kayla , Saunders Paul , Doyle Aunty Kerrie
Published: December 2021

Past histories charting interactions between British healthcare and Aboriginal Australians have tended to be dominated by broad histological themes such as invasion and colonization. While such descriptions have been vital to modernization and truth telling in Australian historical discourse, this paper investigates the nineteenth century through the modern cultural lens of mental health. We reviewed primary documents, including colonial diaries, church sermons, newspaper articles, medical and burial records, letters, government documents, conference speeches and anthropological journals. Findings revealed six overlapping fields which applied British ideas about mental health to Aboriginal Australians during the nineteenth century. They included military invasion, religion, law, psychological systems, lunatic asylums, and anthropology.
A novel non-singular terminal sliding mode control combined with integral sliding surface for perturbed quadrotor
Authors: Labbadi Moussa , Djemai Mohamed , Boubaker Sahbi
Published: December 2021

In this article, a new dynamic non-singular terminal sliding mode control technique for a quadrotor system subjected to external disturbances is evaluated. The offered control approach is based on non-singular terminal sliding mode controller combined with proportional–integral–derivative sliding surface to improve the performance. The proposed controller is formulated using the Lyapunov theory which ensured the existence of the sliding mode surfaces in finite time. Furthermore, the chattering problem, caused by the switching position and attitude laws, has been reduced using the proposed controller. Moreover, a high-precision performance trajectory tracking can be obtained. The problem of the disturbances is addressed using the suggested controller. Simulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the non-singular terminal sliding mode control-proportional–integral–derivative proposed approach.
A prescription for exercise in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Molina Emily , Petri Michelle , Manno Rebecca , Williamson Luke , Williamson Lyn , Timlin Homa
Published: December 2021

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have increased cardiovascular risk, and fatigue is a major subjective complaint. Sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have negative health impacts in cardiovascular and rheumatic disease, though exercise has not traditionally been incorporated into routine therapy recommendations. Regular exercise in SLE may improve difficult to treat Type 2 symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, stress, and quality of life. Insufficient counseling on exercise by physicians is a notable barrier for SLE patients to engage in physical activity. Aerobic exercise regimens are more commonly studied, and have been shown to improve cardiovascular health in SLE. Exercise may improve some inflammatory markers, though does not definitively affect SLE clinical disease activity. Physical activity should be recommended to improve quality of life and cardiovascular health in patients with SLE. Developing clearer guidelines for exercise regimens in a patient-centered manner is warranted, especially given diverse phenotypes of SLE patients and varying degrees of physical limitations.
Agricultural Growth Diagnostics: Identifying the Binding Constraints and Policy Remedies for Bihar, India
Authors: Kannan Elumalai , Pohit Sanjib
Published: December 2021

Agriculture plays a significant role in economic development of underdeveloped regions. Multiple factors influence the performance of agricultural sector but a few of these have a strong bearing on its growth. This study develops a growth diagnostics framework for agricultural sector in Bihar, located in eastern India, to identify the most binding constraints. The study results show that poor functioning of agricultural markets and low-level of crop diversification are the important reasons for low agricultural growth in Bihar. Rise in price instability of agricultural produces indicates a weak price transmission across the markets even after repealing the Agricultural Produce Market Committee Act. Poor market linkages and non-functioning producer collectives at village-level affect the farmers’ motivation for undertaking crop diversification. Hence, policy suggestions to overcome these binding constraints include the state provisioning of basic market infrastructure to attract private investment in agricultural marketing, strengthening the Farmer Producer Organisations, and framing a comprehensive policy on crop diversification.
Multinational Enterprise Organizational Structures and Subsidiary Role and Capability Development: The Moderating Role of Establishment Mode
Authors: Raziq Muhammad Mustafa , Benito Gabriel R.G. , Kang Yuanfei
Published: December 2021

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) develop structural configurations for managing their geographically dispersed and disaggregated activities. These structures can be classified as (a) simple headquarters configurations (involves corporate, regional, divisional headquarters and mandated units) involving few direct reporting relationships; (b) network organizations involving no direct reporting relationships; and (c) matrix configurations involving multiple reporting relationships. While these structures are built for handling various complexities and purposes, it is unclear how they influence subsidiary role and capability development. We hypothesize how these structures influence subsidiary development and propose a moderating role of MNE establishment mode on the direct structure-subsidiary development relationship. Based on data from 429 foreign subsidiaries in New Zealand, our results show that subsidiary development varies across the structures such that simple headquarters configurations experience the least opportunities to develop. While the matrix and network structures as complex configurations offer distinct paths to subsidiary development, subsidiaries managed under the former are more likely to follow the developmental path of networking and interunit learning, and the subsidiaries managed under the latter are more likely to follow the path of autonomy and innovation. Furthermore, the positive association of network structure with subsidiary initiatives and autonomy is stronger for greenfield subsidiaries, whereas the positive association of matrix structure with subsidiary mandates is stronger for acquired subsidiaries.
Building Quantitative Cross-Cultural Databases From Ethnographic Records: Promise, Problems and Principles
Authors: Watts Joseph , Jackson Joshua Conrad , Arnison Chris , Hamerslag Elise M. , Shaver John H. , Purzycki Benjamin Grant
Published: December 2021

Quantitative cross-cultural databases can help uncover structure and diversity across human populations. These databases have been constructed using a variety of methodologies and have been instrumental for building and testing theories in the social sciences. The processes and assumptions behind the construction of cross-cultural databases are not always openly discussed by creators or fully appreciated by their users. Here, we scrutinize the processes used to generate quantitative cross-cultural databases, from the point of ethnographic fieldwork to the processing of quantitative cross-cultural data. We outline challenges that arise at each stage of this process and discuss the strengths and limitations of how existing databases have handled these challenges. We suggest a host of best practices for cross-cultural database construction, and stress the importance of coding source meta-data and using this meta-data to identify and adjust for source biases. This paper explicitly discusses the processes, problems, and principles behind cross-cultural database construction, and ultimately seeks to promote rigorous cross-cultural comparative research.
Screening for Giftedness Using a Reading Curriculum Based Measure
Authors: McClurg Virginia M. , Codalata Bonnie M. , Bell Sherry M. , McCallum R. Steve
Published: December 2021

The psychometric integrity of a curriculum-based measure to screen for academic giftedness (Monitoring Instructional Responsiveness: Reading [MIR:R]) was evaluated by examining its ceiling, item gradient, and predictive capacity using 460 fourth grade students. Eighty fourth graders (17.39%) scored one standard deviation above the MIR:R mean. Ten fourth graders (2.17%) scored two or more standard deviations above the mean, indicating an adequate ceiling. Item gradients were sufficient, that is, one raw score change produced less than one-third of a standard deviation change in standard deviation units. The MIR:R accurately screened students who performed in the “advanced” range on an end-of-the-year measure (i.e., Tennessee Comprehensive Assessment Program [TCAP]). Results of a chi-square indicated that 78.3% were identified as non-gifted by both the TCAP and MIR:R and 5.9% were identified as gifted.
Courting Coverage: Rhetorical Newsworthiness Cues and Candidate-Media Agenda Convergence in Presidential Primaries
Authors: Scott Zachary
Published: December 2021

What can political candidates do to make their agenda more enticing to journalists? This study argues that the answer lies in appealing to newsworthiness values—specifically conflict, human interest, and simplicity—via rhetorical newsworthiness cues. Using an original data set of announcement speeches and national news media coverage from 1984 to 2016, this study tests this argument and finds that candidates whose speeches include more anger and candidate-based appeals, which appeal to journalists’ preference for conflict and human-interest stories, have their issue agenda covered with greater proportionality. It concludes with a discussion of the implications of these incentives on the electorate.
Development of a hardware-accelerated simulation kernel for ultra-high vacuum with Nvidia RTX GPUs
Authors: Bähr Pascal R , Lang Bruno , Ueberholz Peer , Ady Marton , Kersevan Roberto
Published: December 2021

Molflow+ is a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation software for ultra-high vacuum, mainly used to simulate pressure in particle accelerators. In this article, we present and discuss the design choices arising in a new implementation of its ray-tracing–based simulation unit for Nvidia RTX Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The GPU simulation kernel was designed with Nvidia’s OptiX 7 API to make use of modern hardware-accelerated ray-tracing units, found in recent RTX series GPUs based on the Turing and Ampere architectures. Even with the challenges posed by switching to 32 bit computations, our kernel runs much faster than on comparable CPUs at the expense of a marginal drop in calculation precision.
A review of thermohydrodynamic aspects of gas foil bearings
Authors: Kumar Jitesh , Khamari Debanshu S , Behera Suraj K , Sahoo Ranjit K
Published: December 2021

In recent times, gas foil bearings have become popular for commercial use in the aircraft and space industry, turbocompressors, turbine generators and in the more complex fields of turbochargers and turboexpanders. The gain in popularity for gas foil bearings is due to their features such as contamination-free zone, wide temperature range, higher stability and higher reliability characteristics as compared to other types of bearings. However, several challenges have come across while analysing the gas foil bearing behaviour at different working conditions. The current paper presents an overview of the work done in the past few decades for developing numerical models and listing the efforts of several researchers around the world to conduct the experimental investigation for predicting and analysing thermohydrodynamic behaviour of gas foil bearings at different operating conditions. It is expected that the current paper will help readers to thoroughly understand the hydrodynamic and thermal aspects of gas foil bearings.
L2 competence in Chinese correlative connectives: A case of discontinuous discursive formulaic sequences
Authors: Lu Yuan
Published: December 2021

This study explored second language (L2) competence in discontinuous discursive formulaic sequences, namely Chinese correlative connectives (CCCs; e.g. yīnwèi . . . suǒyǐ ‘because . . . so’), in relation to the determinants of formulaic sequence acquisition by scrutinizing L2 Chinese learners’ performance on two controlled tasks. Mixed-effects modeling showed that frequency exerted both positive and negative effects on the task performance of L2 learners on CCCs. Contingency (i.e. the co-occurrence of two constituent connectives) posed a tremendous challenge to the use of obligatory CCCs by L2 learners. In contrast, semantic transparency and first language congruency had a positive effect. The effects of these determinants on L2 performance were qualified by their interactions in different categories of CCCs. The results also indicated that learners were sensitive to frequency and contingency determinants at both construction and constituent word levels. This study enriches our understanding of L2 competence in formulaic language and provides unique insights into L2 learners’ knowledge of CCCs.
When semantics and phonology collide: Gender assignment in mixed Tsova-Tush–Georgian nominal constructions
Authors: Bellamy Kate , Wichers Schreur Jesse
Published: December 2021

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions:

This paper investigates the gender assignment strategies employed when genderless Georgian nouns are inserted into gendered Tsova-Tush utterances. We explore the linguistic and extra-linguistic factors motivating the strategies, and compare how these code-switches behave in relation to loans.

Design/methodology/approach:

Taking a broadly usage-based approach, we collected three types of data: (a) naturalistic corpus data; (b) semi-naturalistic production data from a forced-switch director–matcher (DM) task; and (c) a three-response forced-choice acceptability judgement task (AJT).

Data and analysis:

The responses from the DM task ( n = 12) and AJT acceptability ( n = 12) were analysed using descriptive (Chi-square) and inferential (log-linear) statistics. The corpus data are described qualitatively.

Findings/conclusions:

Both the gender of the Tsova-Tush translation equivalent (TE) and the Georgian phonology of the code-switched noun were significantly related to the response, with the TE being the stronger determinant of the two. Only marginal evidence for a default strategy was found. Production responses were found to be more consistent than comprehension responses, with more frequent lexemes displaying higher inter-participant consistency in production.

Originality:

Tsova-Tush, an endangered Nakh–Daghestanian language with five genders marked by prefixes, offers much-needed diversification within the code-switching literature concerning grammatical gender. This complexity also raises new questions regarding the notion of default in mixed nominal constructions.

Significance/implications:

Our findings support the prediction that first language speakers of a gendered language prefer a TE strategy, but contradict a relationship between default strategy and language dominance. Phonological criteria display a stronger role in gender assignment than previously found. Frequency and entrenchment of gender–noun pairings partially explain inter-speaker and inter-stimulus variation and consistency, providing a plausible pathway from code-switches to borrowings.

Limitations:

An unavoidable limitation is the sample size, reflecting the small speaker population. We strongly advocate for similar research in other language pairs in the Caucasus where gender systems feature prominently.
The case against alternative currencies
Authors: Larue Louis
Published: December 2021

Local Currencies, Local Exchange Trading Systems, and Time Banks are all part of a new social movement that aims to restrict money's purchasing power within a certain geographic area, or within a certain community. According to their proponents, these restrictions may contribute to building sustainable local economies, supporting local businesses and creating “warmer” social relations. This article inquires whether the overall enthusiasm that surrounds alternative currencies is justified. It argues that the potential benefits of these currencies are not sufficient to justify the restrictions they impose on money's purchasing power. Turning these currencies into effective channels of change, by increasing their scope and their strength, could severely hinder the pursuit of social justice, in a way that is probably not even necessary for achieving their objectives. The paper concludes that large-scale limitations of money's purchasing power are, therefore, undesirable.
Prevalence of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Hispanic Subgroups in the United States: NHIS 2010 and 2015 Data
Authors: Calderón-Mora Jessica , Alvarado Luis , Dwivedi Alok , Shokar Navkiran
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Much of the data related to colorectal cancer (CRC) disease burden among Hispanics is grouped together. The purpose of our study was to better understand the current screening uptake across Hispanic subgroups. Methods: Data from the CRC screening portion of the 2010 and 2015 Adult Cancer Control Module of the National Hispanic Interview Survey (NHIS). A univariate and multivariable analysis were conducted. Results: Total sample size: 7,389. Subgroup with most participants: Mexican-American. For all Hispanics, 24% were up to date with CRC screening. In adjusted analyses, variables significantly associated with being up to date among all Hispanics were: older age (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.03; p = <.0001), female sex (PR = 1.28; p = 0.003), more than high school education (PR = 1.25; p = 0.006), annual household income between $45,000 and $74,999 ( PR = 1.51; p = 0.018), living in the United States for 15 years or more (PR = 1.45; p = 0.039), having health insurance (PR = 2.06; p = <.0001), and having a first-degree relative with CRC (PR = 1.35; p < .0001). Discussion: Various social determinants of health were found to be associated with increased prevalence of being up to date with CRC screening among different Hispanic subgroups. Conclusion: These findings serve as a starting point to develop interventions tailored to specific Hispanic subgroups with social determinants of health, namely low socioeconomic status, at the forefront of development.
Prevalence of cerebral vein thrombosis among patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: M Oien , JK Cutsforth-Gregory , I Garza , NR Kissoon , CM Carr , W Brinjikji
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare condition but an important complication of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). We reviewed our experience of patients with SIH and assessed for the presence of CVST.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records and imaging studies from our tertiary referral institution, assessing patients with clinically suspected SIH as well as imaging findings of intracranial hypotension. All relevant brain MRIs were reviewed for the presence of brain sag, pachymeningeal enhancement, and CVST.

Results

Among 563 patients with a clinical diagnosis of SIH, 431 (76%) demonstrated brain sag. In the overall patient cohort, a total of 5 patients had CVST (0.9%) and all 5 of these patients demonstrated findings of brain sag. Of the patients with CVST, 3 had significant complications, including dural arteriovenous fistulas (2 patients) and lobar hemorrhage with seizure (1 patient).

Conclusion

SIH is a risk factor for the development of CVST. In our review of 563 patients with clinical and/or imaging findings of SIH, 0.9% of patients were diagnosed with CVST and 3 of these patients (60%) had additional severe complications.
Law’s Pluralism: Getting to the Heart of the Rule of Law
Authors: Chalmers Shane
Published: December 2021

This essay makes a theoretical argument for reimagining ‘the rule of law’ in light of ‘legal pluralism’. Building on the work of Desmond Manderson and Roderick Macdonald in particular, the essay considers what it means for law’s pluralism—the differences that animate the everyday life of law—to be the very pulse of its rule. In doing so, the essay seeks to open the frame that has been placed around the rule of law in two ways. On one side: to see beyond the law that is made intelligible through institutionalized modes of expression to the law that is made sensible through the richly expressive media of human culture (thus opening the frame around the ‘law’ that is seen to rule). And on the other side: to see beyond law as a mode of governance to law in the everyday lives of subjects (thus opening the frame around how this law is seen to ‘rule’). The result is a reimagination of the rule of law as a broadly socio-cultural phenomenon rather than a narrowly legal-institutional arrangement. The essay proceeds in two steps, beginning with law’s pluralism before turning to law’s rule.
Laboratory assessment of a head impact sensor for youth soccer ball heading impacts using an anthropomorphic test device
Authors: Patton Declan A , Huber Colin M , Douglas Ethan C , Seacrist Thomas , Arbogast Kristy B
Published: December 2021

Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of instrumented equipment, which estimate the head impact kinematics of athletes in vivo. One such headband-mounted impact sensor is the SIM-G (Triax Technologies, Norwalk, CT, USA), which has been previously used to investigate the biomechanics of soccer heading by human subjects. Previous studies have evaluated the accuracy of the SIM-G for pure rotation and pendulum, impulse hammer and drop rig impacts. The current study used a soccer ball heading model to evaluate the accuracy of the SIM-G. A soccer ball was projected at the head of an anthropomorphic test device (ATD) representing a 10-year-old to replicate the heading maneuver at various impact sites, angles and speeds previously identified in youth soccer. Linear regression revealed that the SIM-G sensor overestimated the peak angular velocity and linear acceleration recorded by the ATD headform by approximately 44% and 105%, respectively. Tests in which the ball directly contacted the SIM-G sensor resulted in the largest peak linear accelerations. Glancing impacts were significantly associated with a decrease in percentage error of the SIM-G sensor peak angular velocity data relative to the ATD reference data. While it may not demonstrate accuracy in estimating the magnitudes of head impacts, the SIM-G remains a useful tool to provide estimates of head impact exposure for soccer players.
Use of home pulse oximetry with daily short message service messages for monitoring outpatients with COVID-19: The patient's experience
Authors: Vaughan Laura , Eggert Lauren E , Jonas Andrea , Sung Arthur , Singer Sara
Published: December 2021

Studies have shown COVID-19 patients may have a low oxygen saturation (SpO2) independent of visible respiratory distress, a phenomenon termed “silent hypoxia.” Silent hypoxia creates uncertainty in the outpatient setting for clinicians and patients alike. In this study, we examined the potential for pulse oximeters in identifying early signs of clinical deterioration. We report descriptive results on COVID-positive patients’ experiences with a comprehensive home monitoring tool comprised of home SpO2 measurements with a novel symptom-tracking short message service/text messaging application. Of patients who required hospitalization, 83% sought care as a result of low pulse oximeter readings. Nearly all patients who did not require hospitalization reported that having a pulse oximeter provided them with the confidence to stay at home. Essentially all patients found a home pulse oximeter useful. Keeping COVID-19-positive patients at home reduces the potential for disease spread and prevents unnecessary costs and strain on the healthcare system.
Clinical trial participation in America: The roles of eHealth engagement and patient–provider communication
Authors: Jiang Shaohai , Hong Y. Alicia
Published: December 2021

Objective

Public participation in a clinical trial is the foundation of clinical research and the cornerstone for the discovery of new treatment and improving health outcomes. This study aims to examine how eHealth engagement, patient–provider communication, and clinical trial knowledge are associated with clinical trial participation in the United States.

Methods

Data were drawn from the Health Information National Trends Survey Iteration 5 Cycle 4 conducted in 2020. The sample included 3865 American adults aged 18 years and above. Path analysis using structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear regression was performed to examine the effects of eHealth engagement and patient–provider communication on clinical trial participation.

Results

About 5% of American adults have ever participated in a clinical trial. Younger adults, males, minorities, and people with lower education, less clinical trial knowledge, and less eHealth engagement were less likely to participate. After controlling for demographic variables, we found that more eHealth engagement led to a better knowledge of clinical trials, which was strongly associated with participation. Further, patient-centered communication did not directly lead to clinical trial participation; instead, it positively moderated the relationship between clinical trial knowledge and participation.

Conclusions

The national survey data indicate that American participation in clinical trials remains low and a significant disparity exists. Within the context of the eHealth movement, it is critical to implement targeted interventions to improve clinical trial knowledge, address the digital divide, and enhance patient-centered communication.
Predicting the Intention and Purchase of Health Insurance Among Malaysian Working Adults
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Al , Rahman Muhammad Khalilur , Munikrishnan Uma Thevi , Permarupan P. Yukthamarani
Published: December 2021

This study explored the effects of insurance literacy, perceived usefulness, attitude toward health insurance, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to purchase and the actual purchase of health insurance among working adults in Malaysia. This quantitative study adopted the cross-sectional design with data gathered from 1,308 working adults through a Google form link shared in social media. Upon analysis, the outcomes revealed that insurance literacy, perceived usefulness, attitude toward health insurance, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control exerted a significantly positive effect on the intention to purchase health insurance. Intention to purchase health insurance exhibited a significantly positive impact on actual purchase of health insurance. Empirically, intention to purchase health insurance yielded a significantly positive mediating effect. Based on the multi-group analysis (MGA), the perceived behavioral control was significantly stronger among rural respondents than urban respondents, as well as among respondents with a bachelor degree than those with secondary school certificate. Referring to the retrieved empirical outputs, financial and health management policymakers, as well as insurance companies in Malaysia should concentrate more on the positive attributes of health insurance in order to improve the attitude of Malaysian working adults toward insurance and insurance literacy.
Cruciate retaining and posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty in severe varus osteoarthritis knee: A match-pair comparative study in an Asian population
Authors: Soong Junwei , Ou Yang Youheng , Ling Zhixing Marcus , Chia Shi-Lu , Lo Ngai Nung , Yeo Seng Jin
Published: December 2021

Background

Posterior stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is advocated in severe varus osteoarthritic (OA) knees as the posterior cruciate ligament posed challenges in gap balancing. However, there is scarcity in the literature to illustrate the superiority of PS TKA over cruciate retaining (CR) TKA. Our study aims to compare the outcomes between CR and PS TKAs in patients with severe varus OA knees. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent primary TKA for OA knee from 2003 to 2013. Patients with OA knees of varus tibiofemoral angle ≥15 were matched into two groups (Group CR and PS) according to age, gender, and body mass index and compared in terms of clinical (tibiofemoral alignment, range of motion, and revision rate) and functional outcome (Knee Society Scoring, Oxford Knee Score, Short Form-36 Health Survey). Results: Both Group CR ( n = 56) and PS ( n = 56) had similar pre-operative scores. Both groups achieved correction of tibiofemoral alignment from median pre-operative varus of 17.6/17.0 (CR/PS) ( p = .279) to median post-operative valgus of 4.9/4.0 (CR/PS) ( p = .408). Over 24 months, both groups were comparable in achieving significant improvement in clinical and functional outcomes. No case of revision surgery was reported (median follow-up months; CR: 65, PS: 74, p = .549). Conclusion: Both CR and PS TKAs perform similarly well in severe varus OA knee up to 2 years post-operation. Further studies are warranted to assess the long-term outcome between the two implant designs.