bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Co@SiO2@C/Ni submicrorattles as highly efficient catalysts for 4-nitrophenol reduction
Authors: Guo Xiaohui , Zhang Min , Zheng Jing , Xu Jingli , Hayat Tasawar , Alharbi Njud S. , Xi Baojuan , Xiong Shenglin
Published: July 2017

The Co@SiO2@C/Ni magnetic composites have been synthesized by an extended Stöber method combined with a carbonization process.
2017 atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its special applications
Authors: West Margaret , Ellis Andrew T. , Streli Christina , Vanhoof Christine , Wobrauschek Peter
Published: July 2017

This review covers developments in and applications of XRF techniques such as EDXRF, WDXRF, TXRF, XRF microscopy using technologies such as synchrotron sources, X-ray optics, X-ray tubes and detectors in laboratory, mobile and hand-held systems.
Effects of threshold on the topology of gene co-expression networks
Authors: Couto Cynthia Martins Villar , Comin César Henrique , Costa Luciano da Fontoura
Published: July 2017

The problem of thresholding gene co-expression networks is addressed with respect to several methodologies.
Effects of flexibility and electrostatic interactions on the coupled binding–folding mechanisms of Chz.core and H2A.z–H2B
Authors: Shang Xu , Chu Wenting , Chu Xiakun , Liu Chuanbo , Xu Liufang , Wang Jin
Published: July 2017

The intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) Chz.core, which is the interaction core of Chz1, shows binding preference to histone variant H2A.z. The coupled folding–binding mechanism of the complex can be quantified by the free energy landscapes.
An insight into tetrahydro-β-carboline–tetrazole hybrids: synthesis and bioevaluation as potent antileishmanial agents
Authors: Purohit Pooja , Pandey Anand Kumar , Singh Deepti , Chouhan Pradeep Singh , Ramalingam Karthik , Shukla Mahendra , Goyal Neena , Lal Jawahar , Chauhan Prem M. S.
Published: July 2017

A series of tetrahydro-β-carboline tetrazole derivatives have been synthesized utilizing the Ugi-tetrazole reaction and were identified as potential antileishmanial chemotypes.
Polarization driven conductance variations at charged ferroelectric domain walls
Authors: Pawlik A.-S. , Kämpfe T. , Haußmann A. , Woike T. , Treske U. , Knupfer M. , Büchner B. , Soergel E. , Streubel R. , Koitzsch A. , Eng L. M.
Published: July 2017

Conducting domain walls (CDWs) in ferroelectric materials are promising candidates for applications in a manifold of nanoscale, optoelectronic devices.
Triptolide and celastrol loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles show synergistic effect against human pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Ding Baoyue , Wahid Md Arif , Wang Zhijun , Xie Chen , Thakkar Arvind , Prabhu Sunil , Wang Jeffrey
Published: July 2017

Novel combination of triptolide and celastrol loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles show synergistic anti-pancreatic cancer effect in vitro.
Calcium carbide catalytically activated with tetra-n-butyl ammonium fluoride for Sonogashira cross coupling reactions
Authors: Hosseini Abolfazl , Pilevar Afsaneh , Hogan Eimear , Mogwitz Boris , Schulze Anne S. , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: July 2017

We report a novel method for the direct synthesis of mono- and bis-arylated alkynes utilizing catalytically activated CaC2 as the alkyne component.
Efficient active-template synthesis of calix[6]arene-based oriented pseudorotaxanes and rotaxanes
Authors: Zanichelli Valeria , Ragazzon Giulio , Orlandini Guido , Venturi Margherita , Credi Alberto , Silvi Serena , Arduini Arturo , Secchi Andrea
Published: July 2017

The cavity of a calix[6]arene macrocycle assists the synthesis of oriented rotaxanes by a metal-free active template approach.
Heterolayered hybrid dendrimers with optimized sugar head groups for enhancing carbohydrate–protein interactions
Authors: Bagul Rahul S. , Hosseini Maryam , Shiao Tze Chieh , Saadeh Nadim K. , Roy René
Published: July 2017

Novel heterolayered (“onion peel”) hybrid glycodendrimers containing optimised sugar head groups with galactoside and mannoside units with affinities for two different lectins.
Simple and efficient Fmoc removal in ionic liquid
Authors: Di Gioia M. L. , Costanzo P. , De Nino A. , Maiuolo L. , Nardi M. , Olivito F. , Procopio A.
Published: July 2017

The combination of triethylamine and [Bmim][BF4] represents a mild method for efficient removal of the Fmoc group.
Biomimetically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles attain potent antibacterial activity against less susceptible S. aureus skin infection in experimental animals
Authors: Rauf Mohd. Ahmar , Owais Mohammad , Rajpoot Ravikant , Ahmad Faraz , Khan Nazoora , Zubair Swaleha
Published: July 2017

Biomimetic synthesis of ZnO–NPs and their topical application on S. aureus induced skin infection leads to reduction in infection in mice model.
Novel synthesis of porous Mg scaffold as a reactive containment vessel for LiBH4
Authors: Sofianos M. Veronica , Sheppard Drew A. , Rowles Matthew R. , Humphries Terry D. , Liu Shaomin , Buckley Craig E.
Published: July 2017

A novel porous Mg scaffold was synthesised and melt-infiltrated with LiBH4 to simultaneously act as both a confining framework and a destabilising agent for H2 release from LiBH4.
Ion-specificity in protein binding and recovery for the responsive hydrophobic poly(vinylcaprolactam) ligand
Authors: Liu Zizhao , Wickramasinghe S. Ranil , Qian Xianghong
Published: July 2017

The conformational switch between the hydrophobic state and hydrophilic state of thermo-responsive poly(vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) has great potential for protein purification as a hydrophobic interaction chromatography ligand.
K3LaTe2O9:Er: a novel green up-conversion luminescence material
Authors: Wang Hong , Yin Xiumei , Xing Mingming , Fu Yao , Tian Ying , Feng Xin , Jiang Tao , Luo Xixian
Published: July 2017

A novel green up-conversion luminescence material, K3LaTe2O9:Er, was synthesised via a solid-state reaction method.
Chicoric acid supplementation ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by oxidative stress via promotion of antioxidant defense system
Authors: Wang Yutang , Diao Zhijun , Li Jing , Ren Bo , Zhu Di , Liu Qian , Liu Zhigang , Liu Xuebo
Published: July 2017

Illustration of effects of chicoric acid on neuroprotection againstd-gal-induced memory impairmentviainflammation and oxidative stress.
Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of quinolines from allyl alcohols and anilines
Authors: Xu Jingxiu , Sun Jing , Zhao Jinwu , Huang Bin , Li Xiaohan , Sun Yulun
Published: July 2017

A process for quinoline synthesis through palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aryl allyl alcohols and anilines is described.
Effects of epoxy resin on ground-granulated blast furnace slag stabilized marine sediments
Authors: Du Jiapei , Bu Yuhuan , Guo Shenglai , Tian Leiju , Shen Zhonghou
Published: July 2017

In this study, an environmentally friendly epoxy resin is mixed with ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for use as a stabilizer to enhance mechanical performance and leaching resistance properties of marine sediments.
An electrochemical biosensor for detection of the sepsis-related biomarker procalcitonin
Authors: Lim Jong Min , Ryu Myung Yi , Kim Ji Hong , Cho Chae Hwan , Park Tae Jung , Park Jong Pil
Published: July 2017

An electrochemical peptide sensor employing a sensitive synthetic peptide was designed for the diagnosis of sepsis.
Dual targeting of the cancer antioxidant network with 1,4-naphthoquinone fused Gold(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes
Authors: McCall R. , Miles M. , Lascuna P. , Burney B. , Patel Z. , Sidoran K. J. , Sittaramane V. , Kocerha J. , Grossie D. A. , Sessler J. L. , Arumugam K. , Arambula J. F.
Published: July 2017

Herein, we report a simple and rational approach to the design of a targeted therapy (i.e., complex 1) whose mechanism of action involves targeting a single cancer relevant pathway via two independent mechanisms.
Interactions between silica particles in the presence of multivalent coions
Authors: Uzelac Biljana , Valmacco Valentina , Trefalt Gregor
Published: July 2017

Forces between charged silica particles in solutions of multivalent coions are measured with colloidal probe technique based on atomic force microscopy.
Tailored activated carbon from glycerol: role of acid dehydrator on physiochemical characteristics and adsorption performance
Authors: Cui Yanbin , Atkinson John D.
Published: July 2017

H2SO4- and H3PO4-mediated glycerol carbonization and activation produces activated carbon with tailored physiochemical properties for gas and aqueous phase adsorption.
Using heterostructural alloying to tune the structure and properties of the thermoelectric Sn1−xCaxSe
Authors: Matthews Bethany E. , Holder Aaron M. , Schelhas Laura T. , Siol Sebastian , May James W. , Forkner Michael R. , Vigil-Fowler Derek , Toney Michael F. , Perkins John D. , Gorman Brian P. , Zakutayev Andriy , Lany Stephan , Tate Janet
Published: July 2017

Tuning structure via composition in the heterostructural alloy Sn1−xCaxSe produces an isotropic form of SnSe and enhances the thermoelectric power factor.
Excellent electrocatalytic effects of tin through in situ electrodeposition on the performance of all-vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Mehboob Sheeraz , Mehmood Asad , Lee Ju-Young , Shin Hyun-Jin , Hwang Jinyeon , Abbas Saleem , Ha Heung Yong
Published: July 2017

The impact on the performance of all-vanadium redox flow batteries by tin as an electrocatalyst through in situ electrodeposition is investigated.
Detection of Posner's clusters during calcium phosphate nucleation: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Mancardi Giulia , Hernandez Tamargo Carlos Ernesto , Di Tommaso Devis , de Leeuw Nora H.
Published: July 2017

Molecular dynamics simulations of calcium and phosphate ions in water show that Posner-like clusters originate during the aggregation process.
Resources for
LSHSS
Authors
Authors: Gray Shelley
Published: July 2017

Purpose

In this article, the Editor-in-Chief of
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
(
LSHSS
) highlights key resources for authors wishing to publish their work in
LSHSS
.
Performance analysis of secure AF relay networks using cooperative jamming under outdated CSI
Authors: Mabrouk Asma , Tourki Kamel , Hasna Mazen O. , Hamdi Noureddine
Published: July 2017

This paper studies cooperative transmission for securing a two‐hop network where the eavesdropper can wiretap the relay channels. With outdated channel state information (CSI), we propose an opportunistic relaying with destination‐based jamming scheme, where one relay is chosen to forward the confidential signal and the destination sends jamming signal to confuse the eavesdropper. To reveal the capability of the proposed scheme in improving the system secrecy, we investigate the two common performance metrics under different assumptions on the eavesdropper CSI. First, lower bound on the ergodic secrecy capacity (ESC) is derived assuming perfect knowledge of the eavesdropper channel gains. We, then, extend our results to the scenario where only the legitimate channel gain is known. Here, lower bound on the secrecy outage probability (SOP) is obtained. To further improve the utility of the destination, under total power constraint, a power allocation between data signal and jamming noise is considered. Both the analysis and simulation results indicate that the system performance is significantly improved in terms of both ESC and SOP when the jamming power at the destination is adjusted according to the selected relay position. We verify that, with outdated CSI, the secrecy performance of opportunistic relaying is severely degraded.
Model‐driven real‐time control coordination for distribution grids with medium‐scale photovoltaic generation
Authors: Krata Jaroslaw , Saha Tapan Kumar , Yan Ruifeng
Published: July 2017

Increasing penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation may significantly impact existing voltage regulation schemes. In particular, the lack of coordination between control devices and fast change in PV generation can cause voltage magnitude to go beyond limits. This study addresses the issue by providing a novel real‐time centralised voltage control algorithm to tackle voltage fluctuations caused by variability of PV power generation. The new method considers autonomous response of upstream voltage regulation devices and provides optimised set‐points for the chosen downstream controllers. Furthermore, the investigated method was tested in the real‐time digital simulator on a model of 11 kV grid located in a semi‐rural area of Queensland, Australia. The control algorithm was designed in MATLAB with a multidimensional, non‐linear, mixed‐integer optimisation. The parallel computing implementation of the KNITRO optimiser helped to provide quicker and more accurate response than the existing uncoordinated control schemes. As a result, optimised control coordination leads to a substantial reduction in voltage fluctuations and decrease in regulation time. Moreover, the proposed method detects and eliminates unnecessary control operations. Thus, it can also prevent voltage hunting in distribution networks.
An exact approach for the r-interdiction median problem with fortification
Authors: Roboredo Marcos Costa , Pessoa Artur Alves , Aizemberg Luiz
Published: July 2017

We study the r-interdiction median problem with fortification (RIMF), which considers demand points that are served by facilities. If a facility is interdicted, it can not serve any demand point, increasing the total system cost. To avoid an interdiction, a facility can be fortified. The problem consists of fortifying facilities knowing that some facilities will be interdicted. We propose a branch-and-cut algorithm for the RIMF and several experiments attest that our method outperforms the best exact algorithm found.
Convergent Routes to Pyrroles Exploiting the Unusual Radical Chemistry of Xanthates – An Overview
Authors: Quiclet-Sire Béatrice , Zard Samir
Published: July 2017

Convergent routes to a variety of pyrroles involving radical additions of xanthates are described. Emphasis is placed on reactions leading to the formation of 1,4-diketones or 1,4-ketoaldehydes or their synthetic equivalents, which can then be condensed with ammonia or primary amines in a variation of the classical Paal–Knorr synthesis of pyrroles. The modification of pyrroles by direct radical addition is also discussed.

1 Introduction

2 Earlier Routes to Pyrroles

3 The Xanthate Radical Addition–Transfer Process

4 Application to Pyrrole Synthesis

5 Further Variations

6 Direct Modification of Existing Pyrrole Rings

7 Outlook and Perspectives
Contralateral Islanded Facial Artery Myomucosal Flap for the Reconstruction of Floor of the Mouth Defect
Authors: Shivanand Naveen B. , Mohan Mihir T. , Joseph Shawn T.
Published: July 2017

Reconstruction of floor of the mouth and ventral surface of the tongue defects can be challenging because inadequate correction can lead to mobility restriction of the tongue and resultant impairment of speech and swallowing. Ideal flap should be pliable, provide adequate bulk, be easy to harvest, and cosmetically acceptable. Commonly used ipsilateral facial artery–based myomucosal flaps may not be ideal if facial vessels need resection. We share our experience in a case of simultaneous primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of right submandibular and sublingual glands, with a postsurgical defect involving floor of the mouth and ventral surface of the tongue, reconstructed with islanded facial artery myomucosal flap raised from left buccal mucosa and tunneled into the right floor of the mouth defect medial to mandible. The case is being reported to share the method of reconstruction as well as for the rare presentation of simultaneous primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of multiple major salivary glands.
Dog-Bite–Related Craniofacial Fractures among Pediatric Patients: A Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Saadi Robert , Oberman Benjamin S. , Lighthall Jessyka G.
Published: July 2017

Dog bites in the pediatric population commonly cause injuries to the head and can be associated with fractures, often leading to prolonged hospital stays, multiple surgical interventions, and long-term complications. Our goal was to evaluate our experience with dog-bite–related craniofacial fractures, understand frequency and demographics of these fractures, identify common fracture patterns, and provide recommendations based on management and complications encountered. The institution's electronic medical record was reviewed. A review of the English literature for the past 20 years was also conducted. A retrospective chart review was conducted using ICD-9 codes to include all patients with head and neck dog bites and craniofacial fractures. Fractures resulting from canine bites to the face and scalp were rare, occurring in our study in less than 1% of total facial dog bites (1,069 cases) and 1.5% of pediatric facial dog bites (462 cases). Ages ranged from 5 months to 9 years at the time of presentation. A total of seven patients, all pediatric, were documented. All seven patients required operative intervention for their wounds, and five patients required at least two operative interventions. Midface and skull fractures were the most commonly encountered fracture sites. Dog bite injuries to the face in young children, especially when severe, should raise suspicion for fracture of underlying bone. Management of these injuries should include a multidisciplinary approach and focus on repair of soft tissue and skeletal deformities. Furthermore, it is prudent to follow up patients who require operative management after injury to monitor for long-term complications, given the significant proportion of complications and operative takebacks in this study.
The Use of Virtual Surgical Planning in Total Facial Skeletal Reconstruction of Treacher Collins Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Yifan , Lopez Joseph , Yang Robin , Macmillan Alexandra , Dorafshar Amir H.
Published: July 2017

Facial skeletal reconstruction of patients with severe Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) requires correction of both midface and mandibular deficiencies. Implementing virtual surgical planning can provide an accurate three-dimensional analysis of craniofacial abnormalities, creating calvarial donors that match the anatomy of the desired malar augmentation and facilitating bimaxillary movements, positioning, and fixation in orthognathic surgery. We present a case of an 18-year-old patient with TCS, who underwent staged zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction and double-jaw osteotomy with sliding genioplasty, using computer-assisted surgical planning. Following these operations, the patient achieved not only improved facial harmony but also class I occlusion.
Lubiprostone improves visualization of small bowel for capsule endoscopy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study
Authors: Matsuura Mizue , Inamori Masahiko , Inou Yumi , Kanoshima Kenji , Higurashi Takuma , Ohkubo Hidenori , Iida Hiroshi , Endo Hiroki , Nonaka Takashi , Kusakabe Akihiko , Maeda Shin , Nakajima Atsushi
Published: July 2017

Background and study aims Lubiprostone has been reported to be an anti-constipation drug. The aim of the study was to investigate the usefulness of lubiprostone both for bowel preparation and as a propulsive agent in small bowel endoscopy.

Patients and methods This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-way crossover study of subjects who volunteered to undergo capsule endoscopy (CE). A total of 20 subjects (16 male and 4 female volunteers) were randomly assigned to receive a 24-μg tablet of lubiprostone 120 minutes prior to capsule ingestion for CE (L regimen), or a placebo tablet 120 minutes prior to capsule ingestion for CE (P regimen). Main outcome was gastric transit time (GTT) and small-bowel transit time (SBTT). Secondary outcome was adequacy of small-bowel cleansing and the fluid score in the small bowel. The quality of the capsule endoscopic images and fluid in the small bowel were assessed on 5-point scale.

Results The capsule passed into the small bowel in all cases. Median GTT was 57.3 (3 – 221) minutes for the P regimen and 61.3 (10 – 218) minutes for the L regimen (P = 0.836). Median SBTT was 245.0 (164 – 353) minutes for the P regimen and 228.05 (116 – 502) minutes for the L regimen (P = 0.501). The image quality score in the small bowel was 3.05 ± 1.08 for the P regimen and 3.80 ± 0.49 for the L regimen (P < 0.001). The fluid score in the small bowel was 2.04 ± 1.58 for the P regimen and 2.72 ± 1.43 for the L regimen (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the 2 regimens with regard to image quality. The fluid score was more plentiful for the L regimen than for the P regimen. There were no cases of capsule retention or serious adverse events in this study.

Conclusion Our study showed that use of lubiprostone prior to CE significantly improved visualization of the small bowel during CE as a result of inducing fluid secretion into the small bowel.
KID Project: an internet-based digital video atlas of capsule endoscopy for research purposes
Authors: Koulaouzidis Anastasios , Iakovidis Dimitris , Yung Diana , Rondonotti Emanuele , Kopylov Uri , Plevris John , Toth Ervin , Eliakim Abraham , Wurm Johansson Gabrielle , Marlicz Wojciech , Mavrogenis Georgios , Nemeth Artur , Thorlacius Henrik , Tontini Gian
Published: July 2017

Background and aims Capsule endoscopy (CE) has revolutionized small-bowel (SB) investigation. Computational methods can enhance diagnostic yield (DY); however, incorporating machine learning algorithms (MLAs) into CE reading is difficult as large amounts of image annotations are required for training. Current databases lack graphic annotations of pathologies and cannot be used. A novel database, KID, aims to provide a reference for research and development of medical decision support systems (MDSS) for CE.

Methods Open-source software was used for the KID database. Clinicians contribute anonymized, annotated CE images and videos. Graphic annotations are supported by an open-access annotation tool (Ratsnake). We detail an experiment based on the KID database, examining differences in SB lesion measurement between human readers and a MLA. The Jaccard Index (JI) was used to evaluate similarity between annotations by the MLA and human readers.

Results The MLA performed best in measuring lymphangiectasias with a JI of 81 ± 6 %. The other lesion types were: angioectasias (JI 64 ± 11 %), aphthae (JI 64 ± 8 %), chylous cysts (JI 70 ± 14 %), polypoid lesions (JI 75 ± 21 %), and ulcers (JI 56 ± 9 %).

Conclusion MLA can perform as well as human readers in the measurement of SB angioectasias in white light (WL). Automated lesion measurement is therefore feasible. KID is currently the only open-source CE database developed specifically to aid development of MDSS. Our experiment demonstrates this potential.
Rings in the esophagus are not always eosinophilic esophagitis: Case series of ring forming lymphocytic esophagitis and review of the literature
Authors: Pleet Julia , Taboada Sofia , Rishi Arvind , Milman Perry , Trindade Arvind
Published: July 2017

Background and study aims Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a form of chronic esophagitis characterized by edema and lymphocytic infiltration of the epithelial peripapillary fields, without eosinophils. Its significance is unclear, as it was previously thought to have little clinical impact. More recent literature, however, describes a paradigm shift suggesting a distinct entity. We report on 3 patients with dysphagia who were found to have esophageal rings on endoscopy. Histology was consistent with LyE. Additional features reported in this cohort included an esophageal web, esophageal pseudodiverticula and esophageal erythema. We also report a current literature review of the topic. The literature review reported here includes another 37 patients with LyE and rings, for a total of 40 patients. Patients with LyE may present with esophageal rings and other findings. LyE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of esophageal rings.
Dokumentationspflicht – „Die Dokumentation dient dem Therapeuten selbst“
Authors: Oldenburg Elke
Published: July 2017

Obwohl Therapeuten zur Dokumentation per Gesetz verpflichtet sind, tauchen immer wieder Fragen auf, was sie wann und wie in der Patientenakte festhalten müssen. Rechtsanwalt Karsten Bossow gibt Sicherheit – auch für den seltenen Fall des Rechtsstreits. Denn wer notiert hat, wie seine Behandlung aussah, kann sich besser verteidigen.
Schwungradtraining – Im Test: die kBox
Authors: Jenewein Olaf
Published: July 2017

Gute Innovationen brauchen keinen Theaterdonner. Die kBox ist so ein Gerät des leisen Auftritts. KGG-Instruktor Olaf Jenewein hat es über drei Monate für physiopraxis getestet und ist überzeugt, dass es sich etablieren wird.
Therapie mit Weihrauch bei Morbus Crohn
Authors: Gerhardt Henning
Published: July 2017

Die Studie „Therapie des aktiven Morbus Crohn mit dem Boswellia-serrata-Extrakt H15“ 3 erbrachte den
Nachweis, dass eine Therapie mit Boswellia-serrata-Extrakt H15 der Behandlung des aktiven Morbus Crohn mit Mesalazin nicht unterlegen ist.
Bei gleichzeitiger Berücksichtigung der Verträglichkeit ist im Sinne einer Nutzen-Risiko-Bewertung der Boswellia-serrata-Extrakt H15
günstiger zu bewerten als Mesalazin. Die Studie PS0201B0 4 bestätigt die gute Verträglichkeit des neuen
Boswellia-serrata-Extraktes Boswelan® in der Langzeitbehandlung. Leider konnte in dieser Studie nicht einmal eine Tendenz
bezüglich einer Wirksamkeit nachgewiesen werden. Daher ist davon auszugehen, dass Weihrauch zur Remissionserhaltung bei Morbus Crohn nicht
wirksam ist.
Die MayrPrevent®-Therapie bei Morbus Crohn
Authors: Fegerl Sepp
Published: July 2017

Bei Morbus Crohn handelt es sich um eine chronische Krankheit, die zurzeit ohne kurativen Ansatz behandelt wird. Die Medikamente können bei
vielen Patienten das Leiden nicht dauerhaft bekämpfen, meist kehren die Entzündungen nach einiger Zeit wieder. Interessant und vorbildlich
ist das empfohlene Vorgehen bei Kindern: Auch im akuten Schub sollte zur Induktion sowie zur Erhaltung einer Remission zunächst eine
enterale Ernährungstherapie bei nachgewiesener Gleichwertigkeit anstelle einer Glukokortikoid-Stoßtherapie durchgeführt werden. Einen Erfolg
sieht man dabei in über 80 %, auch bei Erwachsenen. Das entspricht dem obersten therapeutischen Prinzip der Mayr-Medizin: Schonung!
Systematic assessment with I-SCAN magnification endoscopy and acetic acid improves dysplasia detection in patients with Barrett’s esophagus
Authors: Lipman Gideon , Bisschops Raf , Sehgal Vinay , Ortiz-Fernández-Sordo Jacobo , Sweis Rami , Esteban Jose , Hamoudi Rifat , Banks Matthew , Ragunath Krish , Lovat Laurence , Haidry Rehan
Published: July 2017

Background and study aims Enhanced endoscopic imaging with chromoendoscopy may improve dysplasia recognition in patients undergoing assessment of Barrett’s esophagus (BE). This may reduce the need for random biopsies to detect more dysplasia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of magnification endoscopy with I-SCAN (Pentax, Tokyo, Japan) and acetic acid (ACA) on dysplasia detection in BE using a novel mucosal and vascular classification system.

Methods BE segments and suspicious lesions were recorded with high definition white-light and magnification endoscopy enhanced using all I-SCAN modes in combination. We created a novel mucosal and vascular classification system based on similar previously validated classifications for narrow-band imaging (NBI). A total of 27 videos were rated before and after ACA application. Following validation, a further 20 patients had their full endoscopies recorded and analyzed to model use of the system to detect dysplasia in a routine clinical scenario.

Results The accuracy of the I-SCAN classification system for BE dysplasia improved with I-SCAN magnification from 69 % to 79 % post-ACA (P = 0.01). In the routine clinical scenario model in 20 new patients, accuracy of dysplasia detection increased from 76 % using a “pull-through” alone to 83 % when ACA and magnification endoscopy were combined (P = 0.047). Overall interobserver agreement between experts for dysplasia detection was substantial (0.69).

Conclusions A new I-SCAN classification system for BE was validated against similar systems for NBI with similar outcomes. When used in combination with magnification and ACA, the classification detected BE dysplasia in clinical practice with good accuracy.

Trials registered at ISRCTN (58235785).
A new intraductal radiofrequency ablation device for inoperable biliopancreatic tumors complicated by obstructive jaundice: the IGNITE-1 study
Authors: Laleman Wim , van der Merwe Schalk , Verbeke Len , Vanbeckevoort Dirk , Aerts Raymond , Prenen Hans , Van Cutsem Eric , Verslype Chris
Published: July 2017

Background and study aims Biliary stenting of unresectable malignant bile duct obstruction is generally accepted as the standard of care but it can be hampered by tumor ingrowth and stent dysfunction. We aimed to test the feasibility, safety, and biliary patency rate of a new endoscopically applied intraductal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) device.

Patients and methods Eighteen patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstruction underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-directed RFA and stenting.

Results Between December 2014 and November 2015, 18 patients underwent RFA to the intended region, with no complications within 3 months of the procedure. Bilirubin levels post-RFA and stenting decreased significantly (7.8 ± 1 mg/dL to 1.7 ± 0.4 mg/dL; P < 0.001). At 90 and 180 days post-intervention, biliary patency was maintained in 80 % and 69 % of patients still alive at that time, respectively. The median overall stent patency was 110 days (range 16 – 374), with a median patient survival of 227 days (range 16 – 374).

Conclusion Intraductal RFA using a new device in patients with inoperable biliopancreatic cancer complicated by jaundice appeared feasible and safe with acceptable biliary patency. Randomized trials with prolonged follow-up are warranted.

ClinTrials.gov: NCT02468076.
Adaptive sigma Kalman filter method for state-of-charge estimation based on the optimized battery model
Authors: Liu Yi , Tan Guojun
Published: July 2017

Taking into account the equivalent coulomb efficiency and polarization effect, the nonlinear optimal compensative state and observation models were applied for state of charge (SoC) estimation of the lithium iron phosphate battery. On the basis of battery's parameter identification, an adaptive sigma Kalman filter algorithm was proposed to improve the accuracy of the SoC estimation and reduce the computational complexity of the traditional extended Kalman filter algorithm. The square root of state estimation error covariance was introduced to improve the positive semi-definition of the state covariance. Meanwhile, the estimated state variable and the observed variable were updated based on the iterative minimum mean square error estimation to achieve a precise estimate of the battery's SoC. Experiments were built, and the results indicate that the proposed optimized battery model and the SoC estimation algorithm are accurate and effective.
Engineering of optical and electrical properties of ZnO by non-equilibrium thermal processing: The role of zinc interstitials and zinc vacancies
Authors: Prucnal S. , Wu Jiada , Berencén Y. , Liedke M. O. , Wagner A. , Liu F. , Wang M. , Rebohle L. , Zhou S. , Cai Hua , Skorupa W.
Published: July 2017

A controlled manipulation of defects in zinc oxide (ZnO) and the understanding of their electronic structure can be a key issue towards the fabrication of p-type ZnO. Zn vacancy (VZn), Zn interstitials (IZn), and O vacancy (VO) are mainly native point defects, determining the optoelectronic properties of ZnO. The electronic structure of these defects still remains controversial. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that the green emission in ZnO comes from VZn-related deep acceptor and VZn-VO clusters, which is accompanied by the radiative transition between the triplet and the ground singlet state with the excited singlet state located above the CB minimum. Moreover, the IZn is identified to be a shallow donor in ZnO, being mainly responsible for the n-type conductivity of non-intentionally doped ZnO.
Sharing knowledge of falls prevention for people with dementia: insights for community care practice
Authors: Meyer Claudia , Hill Sophie , Hill Keith D. , Dow Briony
Published: July 2017

People living with dementia (PLWD) fall more frequently, with more adverse consequences, than general community-dwelling older people; however, falls prevention evidence for PLWD is limited. Increased success of falls prevention strategies for PLWD may rely on tailored interventions to address dementia-specific risk factors. The Australian person-centred care environment highlights the need to better understand sharing of falls prevention knowledge between clients, carers and health professionals. This study aims to examine knowledge of falls prevention for PLWD among community care health professionals (CCHPs) and explore effectiveness of an action–research approach to enhance falls prevention practice. Consecutive action–research sessions were conducted with four groups of Australian multidisciplinary CCHPs (n=18), including a knowledge survey of CCHPs, followed by implementation of action plans. Thematic analysis of the transcribed discussion was undertaken. Results showed limited knowledge and understanding of evidence-based falls prevention strategies, but small incremental changes made by CCHPs through action research offered insights into enhancing knowledge and awareness. Appropriate professional development for community care health professionals is needed to support falls prevention for PLWD, along with associated organisational changes, to ensure knowledge is adequate.
Mineralogy of the Silver King deposit, Omeo, Victoria
Authors: Birch William D.
Published: July 2017

The Silver King mine (also known as Forsyths) operated very intermittently between about 1911 and the late 1940s on Livingstone Creek, near Omeo, in northeastern Victoria. The deposit consists of six thin and discontinuous quartz lodes that are variably mineralised. Assays of up to 410 ounces of silver per ton were obtained but there are only a few recorded production figures. Examination of representative ore samples shows that the main silver-bearing minerals in the primary ore are pyrargyrite, freibergite, andorite and the rare sulphosalt zoubekite, which occur irregularly with pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and sphalerite. Phase assemblage data indicate that crystallisation occurred over an interval from about 450°C to less than 250°C, with the silver-bearing minerals crystallising at the lowest temperatures. The lodes were formed by the emplacement of hydrothermal solutions into fractures within the Ensay Shear Zone during the Early Devonian Bindian Orogeny. There are similarities in mineralisation and timing of emplacement between the Silver King lodes and the quartz-reef-hosted Glen Wills and Sunnyside goldfields 35‒40 km north of Omeo.
Favourite puzzles
Authors: Vandelanotte Lieven
Published: July 2017

This introduction to the special issue “Grammar, usage and discourse: Functional studies offered to Kristin Davidse” first briefly reviews Kristin Davidse’s rich and varied trajectory in functional and cognitive linguistics, highlighting in particular the links between the domains represented by the contributions to the issue and the doctoral research she has supervised over the years. The central questions surrounding grammar (especially interpersonal grammar), usage and discourse (including literary discourse) which inform the different contributions are subsequently discussed, and a concluding section offers a number of celebratory and grateful salutes.
Grounding, semantic functions, and absolute quantifiers
Authors: Langacker Ronald W.
Published: July 2017

Absolute quantifiers (e.g. many, few, three) have adjectival uses, but when initial they function as grounding elements: like demonstratives, articles, and relative quantifiers (e.g. all, most, every), they indicate the epistemic status of the nominal referent. This ambivalence is due to their being intermediate, having semantic affinities with both categories but being marginal with respect to each. The dual role of absolute quantifiers is readily described in Cognitive Grammar, given its dynamic view of meaning as consisting in semantic functions (interactive tasks to be fulfilled). These functions belong to the symbolic assemblies constituting language structure; they are fundamental, the role of lexicon and grammar being to effect their implementation. More schematic functions –such as grounding –are independent of any particular implementation. In the absence of a dedicated grounding element, absolute quantifiers assume that function through a conventional pattern of implicit functional augmentation (a common type of construction).
Towards a new grammar of interiority
Authors: Schwall Hedwig
Published: July 2017

While critics commenting onTo the Lighthouseusually focus on Mrs Ramsay, Lily and gender questions, this article traces the ways in which the mother-son relationship between Mrs Ramsay and James reflect the processes Christopher Bollas distinguishes as a child learns to use objects to develop his own personal idiom. These processes can be further nuanced by using Lacan’s three registers of the Real, the Imaginary and the Symbolic, which, stressing the rhythmical, iconic and verbal aspects of language respectively, each yield distinct object uses. First, James learns to deal with affects, then with emotions and finally with values, thus developing a grammar of interiority. This leads him to his final epiphany of the Lighthouse, linchpin of the three registers, which reveals his idea of self, reconciling paternal and maternal aspects of his internal objects.
Subcategorization and change
Authors: Amaral Patrícia , Delicado Cantero Manuel
Published: July 2017

This paper analyzes the syntactic and semantic changes undergone by the PP sin embargo ‘without obstacle/impediment’ as it develops its clause-taking properties in Spanish from the 12th to the 16th centuries, essential for its further reanalysis as a concessive connective. We argue against an account that explains this change through a metaphor from the lack of a barrier in the sociophysical world to the epistemic world. Instead, we show that the syntactic and semantic change stems from the subcategorization properties of the noun embargo, which in the 1400s selects for the preposition de and later for the complementizer que, with scope over a proposition. The selection of a clausal complement, and hence the increase in scope of the original prepositional phrase, underlies the creation of the sentence connective.
Variable negative concord in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Agostini Tainara D. , Schwenter Scott A.
Published: July 2017

We provide empirical evidence that colloquial Brazilian Portuguese (BP) is a variable negative concord language, which allows negative indefinites (NIs) to occur in postverbal position without a preverbal negative licensor, as in Vi nada ontem ‘I saw nothing yesterday.’ The results of an online survey (N = 443) distributed via Facebook show that speakers’ acceptability judgments toward the lack of negative concord in BP are closely connected to the frequency of the individual NIs, and in particular to the frequency of V + NI collocations. Speaker judgments are also sensitive to the type frequency and token-type ratio of individual NIs. We conclude that variable negative concord in BP is paradigmatically constrained by the identity of the NI in question.
The simultaneous lenition of Spanish /ptk/ and /bdɡ/ as a chain shift in progress
Authors: Eager Christopher D.
Published: July 2017

This study examines dialect differences in the simultaneous lenition of intervocalic /ptk/ and /bdɡ/ in Peruvian Spanish in Lima and Cuzco. Results from a read speech task show both sets of plosives are lenited significantly less in Cuzco than in Lima. Random forests demonstrate that differences in voicing best explain the distinction between /ptk/ and /bdɡ/, that differences in relative intensity best explain the distinction in Lima, and that in order to best distinguish Cuzco /bdɡ/ from Lima /ptk/, relative intensity must be given more importance than voicing. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that these lenitions constitute a chain shift in progress and offer insight into how these shifts may occur.
The importance of motivated comparisons in variationist studies*
Authors: Chappell Whitney
Published: July 2017

As the state of the field advances empirically, sociolinguists are increasingly expected to utilize statistics in their data analysis. Some researchers have limited formal statistical training, and even for the more experienced researcher, the focus of model construction is often on the independent variables, e.g. interactions or multicollinearity issues. However, dependent variables with three or more variants require careful consideration. Building on Paolillo (2002), I show that identical binomial logistic regression models yield disparate results given differential treatment of a complex dependent variable. I conclude by offering concrete, hands-on advice for linguists working with their data in R with the goal of promoting judicious analyses among Hispanic sociolinguists.
The past persists into the present
Authors: Cruz Flores Abel
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, adopting a variationist approach, it examines the relative frequency of the present perfect and preterite alternation and the particular conditioning factors that might favor the use of the PP in Southern Arizona Spanish; secondly, it attempts to situate the use of Southern Arizona PP in the scope of the typology of periphrastic pasts proposed in Harris (1982). A multivariate analysis reveals that frequency and approximate adverbs, stative predicates, and indeterminate reference favor the PP in this variety, meaning that the PP shows characteristics of a continuative perfect. This in turn suggests that the PP in this variety situates at stage II in Harris’s developmental stages.
“El vos nuestro es, ¡Ey vos, chigüín!”
Authors: Melgares Jeriel
Published: July 2017

This qualitative study takes the analysis of Honduran voseo beyond the examination of ‘who’ uses vos to include answers to ‘why’ speakers use vos the way they do. To that end, thirty informants shared their attitudes toward address forms through semi-directed interviews from which three themes emerged: (1) vos belongs to the Honduran norm; (2) vos indexes Honduran national identity; and (3) innovative uses of vos reflect its greatly rooted status in Honduran Spanish. It was evident that voseo is not stigmatized in this variety, as it is part of the Honduran linguistic habitus. Adopting Billig’s (1995) theory of banal nationalism, I conclude that vos is preponderant in Honduran Spanish because it functions as a marker of Honduran national identity.
Functional and temporal relations between spoken and gestured components of language
Authors: Kok Kasper I.
Published: July 2017

Based on the Bielefeld Speech and Gesture Alignment Corpus (Lücking et al. 2013), this paper presents a systematic comparison of the linguistic characteristics of unimodal (speech only) and multimodal (gesture-accompanied) forms of language use. The results suggest that each of these two modes of expression is characterized by statistical preferences for certain types of words and grammatical categories. The words that are most frequently accompanied by a manual gesture, when controlled for their total frequency, include unspecific spatial lexemes, various deictic words, and particles that express difficulty in word retrieval or formulation. Other linguistic items, including pronouns and verbs of cognition, show a strong dispreference for being gesture-accompanied. The second part of the paper shows that gestures do not occur within a fixed time window relative to the word(s) they relate to, but the preferred temporal distance varies with the type of functional relation that exists between the verbal and gestural channel.
甘洛爾蘇話動詞的體貌範疇
Authors: Chirkova Katia , Wang Dehe
Published: July 2017

抽象

本文通過語法問卷和長篇語料收集到的材料，以甘洛縣則拉鄉爾蘇話為例，對爾蘇語體貌系統的主要表達手段及其之間的關係進行了探討。本文確定了爾蘇語體系統的核心部分（即完整體與非完整體的對立）以詞彙和派生手段（動詞和動詞前綴）構成。本文指出爾蘇語較次要體的類型（如經驗體等）依靠語法形式手段（體貌標記）表達。本文發現爾蘇語大多數體標記兼表體與示證的意義。最後，本文分別介紹了體貌系統的主要表達手段和相關語料依據。
單音詞「嵌偶化」芻議
Authors: Yin Xiaojie , Zhang Jiahe
Published: July 2017

抽象

嵌偶單音詞是當代書面正式語體極其重要的組成部分，本文首次提出「嵌偶化」這一概念和判斷一個單音詞嵌偶與否的標準，並以「鼻」、「遍」為例，分別考察了兩類單音詞的「嵌偶化」過程。本文認為，「嵌偶化」的實質就是歷史上一部分單音詞退出口語，繼續以嵌偶單音詞的形式保留在書面正式語體中的過程。同時，也是以語素形式嵌入口語雙音模型——雙音節詞的「語素化」過程，「嵌偶化」實指這兩種嵌偶模型的產生過程，口語中的「語素化」是實現「嵌偶化」的必要方式和必經過程。對單音詞「嵌偶化」的初步探討，實質就是從語體角度來考察現代嵌偶詞的「語體化」歷程。
Tellability, frame and silence
Authors: Savolainen Ulla
Published: July 2017

On the basis of the September 1944 Moscow Armistice agreement between Finland, the Soviet Union and the UK, the Finnish government was obliged to intern German and Hungarian citizens in Finland. Applying the concepts of “tellability” and “frame”, I examine how individuals (most of them children of German fathers and Finnish mothers) who were interned as minors and young people in Finland in 1944–1946 describe silence and the rupture of silence. In order to understand the interaction and dynamics between individuals’ remembering and public memory, I analyze oral history interviews of ex-internees in relation to public discussion. I argue that bringing together viewpoints of narrative analysis, oral history research and memory studies facilitates understanding of the link between the individual, private and public dimensions of memory construction. Furthermore, I suggest that the analytical concepts of tellability and frame are highly useful in understanding why some experiences and events of the past are narrated and remembered while others are forgotten or silenced.
Story sequencing and stereotyping
Authors: Bischoping Katherine , Gao Zhipeng
Published: July 2017

Over the last decade, sometimes violent conflicts have erupted between generations in China over who should have a seat on a crowded bus. Through a small story approach to an extended sequence of Chinese bus stories, this study examines how elder-blaming comes to be instantiated in talk-in-interaction. The analysis elaborates Deppermann's finding that cooperative in-group bonding is not the sole reason that out-group stereotypes are instantiated: competition among interactants as they “top” one another’s stories also plays an important part. We nuance this, first, by pointing to actions that are simultaneously cooperative and competitive. Second, we foreground how the interactional troubles of our storytellers fundamentally revolve around issues of epistemic accountability and, in turn, are assuaged by cooperative epistemic acts, in which stereotyping and story "topping" entwine.
Multimodal life history narrative
Authors: Woolhouse Clare
Published: July 2017

I draw together multimodal and creative art practices with sociological and discursive research frameworks to detail how multimodal interviewing facilitates communication of individual narratives. I offer a route for researching how embodied self-production emerges by asking: What can be learnt from analysing the context and process of narrative accounts rather than the content? Consideration is given to how a drawn visual line influences the narrative progress by inviting diverse, active and embodied engagement, while highlighting issues that participants prioritise. Attention is also given to how self-recognition and the production of identity become apparent in moments that punctuate a narrator’s story-telling. These moments are identified as discursive transitions and include switches in style or topic of conversation, expressions of emotion, pauses and extended silences. These transitions are conceptualised as examples of a ‘structuring presence’ within a narrative, and I explore how these are central to the embodied production of self-identity.