bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESG in Emerging Markets: The Value of Fundamental Research and Constructive Engagement in Looking beyond ESG Ratings
Authors: Mobius Mark , Ali Usman
Published: September 2021

The growth of ESG funds has been strong globally, but particularly within the emerging markets equity asset class. The founder and a partner of Mobius Capital Partners describe their differentiated approach to ESG investing in emerging markets using a series of case studies. Mobius Capital professes to be an emerging‐markets active ownership fund devoted to improving the ESG performance, while at the same time profiting from misleading ESG ratings and standards, in their portfolio companies. The authors discuss the pitfalls of using off‐the‐shelf ESG ratings and make a strong case for rigorous fundamental research combined with active ownership.

Using a case study of Sunny Optical in China, the authors show that the mediocre external ESG rating of the company failed to reflect the company's ESG strengths. The authors also use the example of Yes Bank in India to demonstrate that a high ESG rating does not necessarily translate into high ESG standards. Third and last, the authors describe how a Taiwanese portfolio company's world‐class human capital and R&D capabilities were a core part of Mobius Capital's investment thesis.
Initial impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on time Japanese nursing faculty devote to research: Cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Yoshinaga Naoki , Nakagami Gojiro , Fukahori Hiroki , Shimpuku Yoko , Sanada Hiromi , Sugama Junko
Published: September 2021

Aim

To investigate how nursing faculties' perceived time devoted to research changed during the first wave of the pandemic in Japan (April–June 2020) compared to pre‐pandemic.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study was conducted online from July 1 to August 10, 2020 and involved 1,023 nursing faculties in Japan. Participants were asked to respond to a questionnaire based on their experiences from April to June 2020. We calculated descriptive statistics for several measures and examined associations between professional/personal demographic factors and declines in overall research time.

Results

Of the 1,023 participants, 71.1% were spending less time on overall research activity; 79.6% spent less time attending academic events/conferences, and 77.4% spent less time conducting experiments/surveys. In contrast, 81.2% spent more time teaching, a much greater proportion than the global scientific community in a previous survey. As for work time allocation during the pandemic, teaching was by far the one activity that participants spent the most time on. Logistic regression analysis revealed that declines in overall research time were associated with several professional demographic factors, such as type of university, current academic position, and acquisition status of Japan's major research grant (KAKENHI) (all p < .05).

Conclusions

Nursing faculties in Japan clearly spent less time on research, and more time on teaching during the first wave of the pandemic compared to pre‐pandemic. The initial impact of the pandemic on nursing faculties revealed through this study is an eye‐opener and a start for addressing the long‐term impact on the nursing scientific community.
Effect of jaw clenching on head acceleration during a predictable load impact
Authors: Sako Kazuki , Tanaka Yuto , Tomita Yosuke , Yoshida Tsuyoshi , Ono Yoshiaki , Kashiwagi Kosuke
Published: September 2021

Background

Jaw clenching is considered to reduce head acceleration while receiving a strong impact on the body during sport activities.

Objective

The present study aimed to clarify the effect of jaw clenching on reduction of head acceleration during a predictable load impact to the body.

Methods

Seven healthy participants were exposed to a predictable load impact with and without jaw clenching. We recorded the electromyographic activity of the masseter (MA) and digastricus (DIG) muscles, occlusal pressure and head acceleration throughout the experiment.

Results

When participants were not instructed to clench their jaws, they naturally positioned their jaws without occlusal contact at the time of pendulum impact by co‐contracting the jaw opener and closer muscles. When participants were instructed to clench their jaws, neither the activity of the jaw opener muscle nor the head acceleration differed at the time of pendulum impact when compared with when participants were not instructed to clench their jaws.

Conclusions

A slightly distanced jaw position (co‐contracting the jaw opener and closer muscles without occlusal contact) might serve inherently safety for reduction of head acceleration during predictable body impact, while jaw clenching does not contribute to reduction of head acceleration in response to pendulum impact more than the distanced jaw position does. Notably, DIG activation to minimise the head acceleration in response to pendulum impact was similar in clenching and no clenching positions. This suggests that DIG may play a crucial role in the reduction of head acceleration, regardless of MA muscle activity.
The Health Education Teacher Instructional Competency Framework: A Conceptual Guide for Quality Instruction in School Health
Authors: Szucs Leigh E. , Andrzejewski Jack D. , Robin Leah , Telljohann Susan , Pitt Barnes Seraphine , Hunt Pete
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Teacher instructional competency, the set of essential knowledge and skills needed to guide teaching practice, is critical to the successful implementation of school health education. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Health Education Teacher Instructional Competency (HETIC) framework, a new conceptualization describing teacher characteristics, essential knowledge, and essential skills, which can influence instructional practice and improve student learning outcomes in health education.

METHODS

Data from 17 publicly available guidance documents, professional standards, published reports, and empirical studies relevant to the fields of public education, school health education, and sexual health education were abstracted and analyzed using qualitative thematic content analysis.

RESULTS

The framework describes 3 domains: personal characteristics, essential knowledge, and essential skills, which are believed to contribute to teachers' instructional competencies in delivering health education. The knowledge domain asserts 5 key categories, while the essential skills domain includes 3 categories (learning environments, content and delivery, and collaboration and learning) and contains 11 unique skills. Collectively, these domains are influenced by the learner, school/community, and policy‐level factors that shape health education curriculum and instruction.

CONCLUSIONS

The HETIC framework presents a conceptual roadmap to guide quality health education preparation, job‐embedded training, and delivery. Improving teachers' instructional competencies strengthens learning and prosocial environments that are inclusive, responsive, and affirming of students' health and learning needs. Teacher who demonstrate instructional competency can help students to achieve desired education and health outcomes, specifically acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to adapt, practice, and maintain healthy behaviors throughout their lifetime.
Leveraging End-User Data for Enhanced Design Concept Evaluation: A Multimodal Deep Regression Model
Authors: Yuan Chenxi , Marion Tucker , Moghaddam Mohsen
Published: September 2021

Design concept evaluation is a key process in the new product development process with a significant impact on the product's success and total cost over its life cycle. This paper is motivated by two limitations of the state-of-the-art in concept evaluation: (1) The amount and diversity of user feedback and insights utilized by existing concept evaluation methods such as quality function deployment are limited. (2) Subjective concept evaluation methods require significant manual effort which in turn may limit the number of concepts considered for evaluation. A Deep Multimodal Design Evaluation (DMDE) model is proposed in this paper to bridge these gaps by providing designers with an accurate and scalable prediction of new concepts' overall and attribute-level desirability based on large-scale user reviews on existing designs. The attribute-level sentiment intensities of users are first extracted and aggregated from online reviews. A multimodal deep regression model is then developed to predict the overall and attribute-level sentiment values based on the features extracted from orthographic product images via a fine-tuned ResNet-50 model and from product descriptions via a fine-tuned BERT model, and aggregated using a novel self-attention-based fusion model. The DMDE model adds a data-driven, user-centered loop within the concept development process to better inform the concept evaluation process. Numerical experiments on a large dataset from an online footwear store indicate a promising performance by the DMDE model with 0.001 MSE loss and over 99.1% accuracy.
Synergistic Regulation Mechanism of Selectin and Integrin on Leukocyte Adhesion Under Shear Flow
Authors: Kang Wei , Li Long , Wang Jizeng
Published: September 2021

In the process of inflammation, the hydrodynamic process of circulating leukocyte recruitment to the inflammatory site requires the rolling adhesion of leukocytes in blood vessels mediated by selectin and integrin molecules. Although a number of experiments have demonstrated that cooperative effects exist between selectins and integrins in leukocyte rolling adhesion under shear flow, the mechanisms underlying how the mechanics of selectins and integrins synergistically may govern the dynamics of cell rolling is not yet fully resolved. To address this issue, here we theoretically investigate selectin and integrin jointly mediated rolling adhesion of leukocyte in shear flow, by considering two pairs’ binding/unbinding events as Markov processes and describing kinetics of leukocyte by the approach of continuum mechanics. Through examining the dynamics of leukocyte rolling as a function of relative fraction of selectin and integrin pairs, we show that, during recruitment, the elongation of intermittent weak selectin bonds consuming the kinetic energy of rolling leukocyte decelerates the rolling speed and enables the integrin pairs to form strong bonds, therefore achieving the arrestment of leukocyte (firm adhesion). The co-existence of selectins and integrins may also be required for effective phase transition from firm adhesion to rolling adhesion due to dynamic competition in pairs’ formation and elongation. These results are verified by the relevant Monte Carlo simulations and related to reported experimental observations.
Masking release at 4 kHz in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) associated with sinusoidal amplitude-modulated masking noise
Authors: Kastelein Ronald A. , Helder-Hoek Lean , Covi Jennifer , Terhune John M. , Klump Georg
Published: September 2021

Acoustic masking reduces the efficiency of communication, prey detection, and predator avoidance in marine mammals. Most underwater sounds fluctuate in amplitude. The ability of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to detect sounds in amplitude-varying masking noise was examined. A psychophysical technique evaluated hearing thresholds of three harbor porpoises for 500–2000 ms tonal sweeps (3.9–4.1 kHz), presented concurrently with sinusoidal amplitude-modulated (SAM) or unmodulated Gaussian noise bands centered at 4 kHz. Masking was assessed in relation to signal duration and masker level, amplitude modulation rate (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 90 Hz), modulation depth (50%, 75%, and 100%) and bandwidth (1/3 or 1 octave). Masking release (MR) due to SAM was assessed by comparing thresholds in modulated and unmodulated maskers. Masked thresholds were affected by SAM rate with the lowest thresholds (i.e., largest MR was 14.5 dB) being observed for SAM rates between 1 and 5 Hz at higher masker levels. Increasing the signal duration from 500–2000 ms increased MR by 3.3 dB. Masker bandwidth and depth of modulation had no substantial effect on MR. The results are discussed with respect to MR resulting from envelope variation and the impact of noise in the environment.
Burstiness and Stochasticity in the Malleability of Physical Activity
Authors: Berardi Vincent , Pincus David , Walker Evan , Adams Marc A.
Published: September 2021

This study examined whether patterns of self-organization in physical activity (PA) predicted long-term success in a yearlong PA intervention. Increased moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was targeted in insufficiently active adults (N = 512) via goal setting and financial reinforcement. The degree to which inverse power law distributions, which are reflective of self-organization, summarized (a) daily MVPA and (b) time elapsed between meeting daily goals (goal attainment interresponse times) was calculated. Goal attainment interresponse times were also used to calculate burstiness, the degree to which meeting daily goals clustered in time. Inverse power laws accurately summarized interresponse times, but not daily MVPA. For participants with higher levels of MVPA early in the study, burstiness in reaching goals was associated with long-term resistance to intervention, while stochasticity in meeting goals predicted receptiveness to intervention. These results suggest that burstiness may measure self-organizing resistance to change, while PA stochasticity could be a precondition for behavioral malleability.
Anomalously strong near-neighbor attraction in doped 1D cuprate chains
Authors: Chen Zhuoyu , Wang Yao , Rebec Slavko N. , Jia Tao , Hashimoto Makoto , Lu Donghui , Moritz Brian , Moore Robert G. , Devereaux Thomas P. , Shen Zhi-Xun
Published: September 2021

Exploring cuprate chains

Superconductivity in cuprates takes place in their two-dimensional (2D) layers but solving even the simplest model of interacting fermions in 2D is a challenge. The theory problem simplifies in 1D, with experiment becoming the tricky part. Chen
et al
. synthesized a cuprate that consists of parallel chains and behaves like a 1D system. Crucially, the material could be doped over a wide range of hole concentrations. The researchers showed that including a near-neighbor attractive interaction in a 1D model of interacting fermions was necessary to explain their photoemission measurements. —JS
Digital exposure tools: Design for privacy, efficacy, and equity
Authors: Landau Susan
Published: September 2021

Apps can cut transmission of SARS-CoV-2-but how do we ensure that they don’t exacerbate public health inequities?
More versatile synthesis of oligonucleotides
Authors: Virta Pasi
Published: September 2021

A phosphotriester chemistry may enable sustainable oligonucleotide production
The coming lunar armada
Authors: Voosen Paul
Published: September 2021

A fleet of NASA-funded startups will soon begin to land on the Moon
In Other Journals
Authors: Vignieri Sacha , Stajic Jelena , Hines Pamela J. , Yeston Jake , Scanlon Seth Thomas , Funk Michael A. , Purnell Beverly A.
Published: September 2021

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
Genome Sequences of Mycobacterium Strains Recovered from Captive Elephants with Tuberculosis
Authors: Brenner Evan P. , Hadi Syeda A. , Harris Beth , Robbe-Austerman Suelee , Sreevatsan Srinand
Published: September 2021

Members of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex cause tuberculosis, infamous for enormous impacts on human health. As zoonoses, they also threaten endangered species like African/Asian elephants. We report the whole-genome sequences of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
biovars
tuberculosis
and
bovis
from two zoo elephants in the United States.
Dominant Bacterial Phyla from the Human Gut Show Widespread Ability To Transform and Conjugate Bile Acids
Authors: Lucas L. N. , Barrett K. , Kerby R. L. , Zhang Q. , Cattaneo L. E. , Stevenson D. , Rey F. E. , Amador-Noguez D.
Published: September 2021

Our current knowledge regarding microbial bile acid transformations comes primarily from biochemical studies on a relatively small number of species or from bioinformatic predictions that rely on homology to known bile acid-transforming enzyme sequences. Therefore, much remains to be learned regarding the variety of bile acid transformations and their representation across gut microbial species.
Development of a Turbulent Cascade behind the Bow Shock under Quiet Conditions in the Solar Wind
Authors: Rakhmanova L. S. , Riazantseva M. O. , Zastenker G. N. , Yermolaev Yu. I.
Published: September 2021

The bow shock crossing by the solar wind can lead in a number of cases to significant changes in the development of the turbulent cascade. Individual cases previously studied on the basis of experimental measurements of the characteristics of turbulence in the magnetosheath have not yet identified the factors that have the greatest influence on the modification of the turbulent cascade behind the bow shock. In this paper, we consider several observation cases of spectra of the compressible component in magnetosheath fluctuations on two satellites separated in space under calm conditions in the solar wind. This makes it possible to estimate the influence of the magnetosheath boundaries and the bow shock topology on the dynamics of a turbulent cascade when the plasma moves behind the bow shock. It is shown that there is a significant redistribution of energy in the turbulent cascade immediately behind the quasi perpendicular bow shock in the daytime part of the magnetosheath. This affects the magnetohydrodynamic scales, and the cascade properties are restored upon further propagation of the plasma towards the flanks. At the same time, behind the quasi parallel bow shock, the characteristics of the turbulent cascade upon the entry of plasma into the magnetosheath change only on subionic scales.
Ensuring the success of data sharing in Canada
Authors: Moher David , Cobey Kelly D.
Published: September 2021

The Canadian federal Tri-Agency Research Data Management Policy has recently been released. This will require Canadian universities and other research institutes to create and share strategic plans regarding data management and to equip their researchers with skills to complete data deposits. To help maximize the success of data sharing we outline five domains for research institutions to consider during implementation: training and education, paying for data sharing, audit and feedback, meta-science, and career advancement.
ANALYSIS OF TIME-FRACTIONAL BURGERS AND DIFFUSION EQUATIONS BY USING MODIFIEDq-HATM
Authors: SHAH NEHAD ALI , AGARWAL PRAVEEN , CHUNG JAE DONG , ALTHOBAITI SAAD , SAYED SAMY , ALJOHANI A. F. , ALKAFAFY MOHAMED
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the q-homotopy analysis transform technique is implemented to analyze the solution of fractional-order Burgers and diffusion equations with the help of Caputo operator. The results of the proposed method are shown and analyzed with the help of figures. This approach is used to determine the solution in a convergent sequence and illustrate the q-homotopy analysis transform technique solutions convergence to the exact result. Several examples showed the reliability and simplicity of the technique and highlighted the significance of this work. Therefore, the proposed method is successful in investigating other fractional-order linear and nonlinear partial differential equations.
DSC_NEXT: Document-Level Sentiment ClassificatioN with EXTensional-Information
Authors: Liu Pengyuan , Zhu Chenghao , Wu Yi
Published: September 2021

Document-level sentiment classification is to assign an overall sentiment polarity to an opinion document. Some researchers have already realized that, in addition to document texts, extensional-information such as product features and user preferences can be quite useful. Many previous studies represent them as ID-type extensional-information and incorporate them into deep learning models. However, they ignore the descriptive extensional information that is also useful for document representations. This paper covers the following aspects: (1) introduces the Description of Opinion Target (DOT), a new extensional-information for document-level sentiment classification, (2) builds the Document-level Sentiment ClassificatioN with EXTensional-information (DSC_NEXT) dataset which consists of three datasets: IMDB_NEXT, Yelp_NEXT and CMRDB_NEXT and (3) validates the effectiveness of DOT by performing experiments based on current state-of-the-art (SOTA) document-level sentiment analysis methods. Implications for using extensional-information in neural network models are also considered.
Reading Process of Arab Children: An Eye-Tracking Study on Saudi Elementary Students
Authors: Al-Khalefah Khaloud , Al-Khalifa Hend S.
Published: September 2021

Many previous eye-tracking studies were conducted to examine how adult readers process different written languages. Relatively, only few eye-tracking studies have been conducted to observe the reading process of Arab children. This study investigated the influence of orthographic regularity on Saudi elementary grades’ English and Arabic words recognition. The eye movements of 15 grade-four students and 15 grade-six students were recorded while they read words that differ in frequency and regularity. Analysis of the visual information from the word-recognition process shows differences in the students’ eye movements for the two languages. There were statistically significant differences in the total fixation duration and fixation count between the two languages and between both groups. All the students showed longer processing time for English sentences than Arabic ones. However, Arabic-speaking students were influenced by English orthography with more processing difficulty for English irregular words. The visual information shows that more cross-linguistic differences are found in grade-four students’ results. Grade-four students transferred their first language (L1) reading strategies to read English words; however, Arabic reading methods cannot be effectively applied to reading irregular orthographies like English. This explains the increased eye-movement measurements of grade-four students compared to grade-six students, who fixated more on unfamiliar English words. Although orthographic regularity had a major effect on the word-recognition process in this study, the development of the students’ Arabic and English orthographic knowledge affected the progress of their visual word recognition across the two levels.
Causes and Consequences of Apparent Timescaling Across All Estimated Evolutionary Rates
Authors: Harmon Luke J. , Pennell Matthew W. , Henao-Diaz L. Francisco , Rolland Jonathan , Sipley Breanna N. , Uyeda Josef C.
Published: September 2021

Evolutionary rates play a central role in connecting micro- and macroevolution. All evolutionary rate estimates, including rates of molecular evolution, trait evolution, and lineage diversification, share a similar scaling pattern with time: The highest rates are those measured over the shortest time interval. This creates a disconnect between micro- and macroevolution, although the pattern is the opposite of what some might expect: Patterns of change over short timescales predict that evolution has tremendous potential to create variation and that potential is barely tapped by macroevolution. In this review, we discuss this shared scaling pattern across evolutionary rates. We break down possible explanations for scaling into two categories, estimation error and model misspecification, and discuss how both apply to each type of rate. We also discuss the consequences of this ubiquitous pattern, which can lead to unexpected results when comparing ratesover different timescales. Finally, after addressing purely statistical concerns, we explore a few possibilities for a shared unifying explanation across the three types of rates that results from a failure to fully understand and account for how biological processes scale over time.
BodyWorks: interactive interdisciplinary online teaching tools for biomechanics and physiology teaching
Authors: Martay Jennifer L. B. , Martay Hugo , Carpes Felipe P.
Published: September 2021

Remote teaching can be both challenging and motivating. Professors and lecturers have developed innovative strategies to improve students’ education and engage students in synchronous and asynchronous classes. In this Illuminations paper, we describe BodyWorks, online tools to support courses in physiology, motor control, and biomechanics. The tools are interactive and easy to use, have low computer and internet demands, and can be used in many conditions and topics of study. All resources are freely available online in three different languages. We hope our initiative can help professors and students worldwide promote more interactive and engaging motor control and related topics classes for both synchronous and asynchronous formats.
Object‐Level Remote Sensing Image Augmentation Using U‐Net‐Based Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Huang Jian , Liu Shanhui , Tang Yutian , Zhang Xiushan
Published: September 2021

With the continuous development of deep learning in computer vision, semantic segmentation technology is constantly employed for processing remote sensing images. For instance, it is a key technology to automatically mark important objects such as ships or port land from port area remote sensing images. However, the existing supervised semantic segmentation model based on deep learning requires a large number of training samples. Otherwise, it will not be able to correctly learn the characteristics of the target objects, which results in the poor performance or even failure of semantic segmentation task. Since the target objects such as ships may move from time to time, it is nontrivial to collect enough samples to achieve satisfactory segmentation performance. And this severely hinders the performance improvement of most of existing augmentation methods. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose an object‐level remote sensing image augmentation approach based on leveraging the U‐Net‐based generative adversarial networks. Specifically, our proposed approach consists two components including the semantic tag image generator and the U‐Net GAN‐based translator. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, comprehensive experiments are conducted on a public dataset HRSC2016. State‐of‐the‐art generative models, DCGAN, WGAN, and CycleGAN, are selected as baselines. According to the experimental results, our proposed approach significantly outperforms the baselines in terms of not only drawing the outlines of target objects but also capturing their meaningful details.
Percentage Destabilization Effect of Some West African Medicinal Plants on the Outer Membrane of Various Bacteria Involved in Infectious Diarrhea
Authors: Dougnon Victorien , Hounsa Edna , Agbodjento Eric , Keilah Lunga Paul , Legba Brice Boris , Sintondji Kevin , Afaton Anny , Klotoe Jean Robert , Baba-Moussa Lamine , Bankole Honoré
Published: September 2021

Previous work stated that Khaya senegalensis, Anacardium ouest L., Pterocarpus erinaceus, Diospyros mespiliformis, Ocimum gratissimum, Manihot esculenta, Vernonia amygdalina Delile, and Daniellia oliveri have a great potential for the fight against infectious diarrhea. However, data on their antibacterial activity on strains of bacteria responsible for infectious diarrhea are not available. This study is aimed at elucidating the mechanism of action of the antibacterial effect of these plants on some bacterial strains responsible for diarrheal infections. The design of the study included first evaluating the degree of sensitivity of Salmonella typhimurium 14028, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Shigella spp., and Salmonella spp. strains to aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of each plant, followed by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibiotic power (Pa). This screening was completed with the evaluation of the possible mode of action of the extracts by testing the membrane permeability of these bacterial strains. The data collected indicate that the bacterial strains tested were sensitive to the extracts to varying degrees, except Cassia sieberiana DC and Pseudocedrela kotschyi extracts. For the active extracts, inhibition diameters ranged from 18.33 mm to 7 mm. With the exception of Escherichia coli, all strains were sensitive to the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Anacardium occidentale. MICs vary between 3.37 and 25 mg/ml. Membrane permeability test data show that all active extracts affect the bacterial strains tested by attacking the stability of their outer membrane. For all active extracts, the high percentage of membrane destabilization of the bacteria is significantly (p < 0.05) better than that of cefixime used as a reference. Thus, it appears that these extracts can destroy Gram‐negative bacteria and increase the fluidity and permeability of their cytoplasmic membrane. The knowledge of the mechanism of action of these extracts is an interesting contribution to the fundamental knowledge on the alternative that medicinal plants represent to antibiotics. These extracts can be used in the management of infectious diarrhea.
Solving the Multiobjective Transportation Decision-Making Problem Based on Improved S-Type Membership Function
Authors: Ziquan Xiang , Jiaqi Yang , Hamza Naseem Muhammad , Zuquan Xiang
Published: September 2021

Aiming at the problem of multiobjective transportation decision-making, a fuzzy compromise method with an improved S-type membership function is proposed. This method not only considers a single objective and evaluates it marginally but also evaluates the overall objective as a whole. First of all, a multiobjective transportation decision-making model is established. Then, each objective function is mapped to a function on the interval [0,1] through the S-type membership function, thereby transforming the multiobjective transportation linear programming model into a multiobjective transportation fuzzy compromise programming model, and its satisfaction is expressed by the global utility function. Finally, through two examples, the results of the example algorithm are compared with the results in the literature, highlighting the superiority of the method. The experimental results show that in the multiobjective transportation decision-making problem, the fuzzy compromise method of the S-type membership function has better flexibility and effectiveness.
Application of Genetic Algorithm‐Based Support Vector Machine in Identification of Gene Expression Signatures for Psoriasis Classification: A Hybrid Model
Authors: Tapak Leili , Afshar Saeid , Afrasiabi Mahlagha , Ghasemi Mohammad Kazem , Alirezaei Pedram
Published: September 2021

Background. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease impairing significantly the quality of life of the patient. The diagnosis of the disease is done via a visual inspection of the lesional skin by dermatologists. Classification of psoriasis using gene expression is an important issue for the early and effective treatment of the disease. Therefore, gene expression data and selection of suitable gene signatures are effective sources of information. Methods. We aimed to develop a hybrid classifier for the diagnosis of psoriasis based on two machine learning models of the genetic algorithm and support vector machine (SVM). The method also conducts gene signature selection. A publically available gene expression dataset was used to test the model. Results. A number of 181 probe sets were selected among the original 54,675 probes using the hybrid model with a prediction accuracy of 100% over the test set. A number of 10 hub genes were identified using the protein‐protein interaction network. Nine out of 10 identified genes were found in significant modules. Conclusions. The results showed that the genetic algorithm improved the SVM classifier performance significantly implying the ability of the proposed model in terms of detecting relevant gene expression signatures as the best features.
Evolutionary Game Analysis of the Innovation Behavior of High-Tech Enterprises with Government Participation
Authors: Gong Chen , Liu Jian , Chang Jinping
Published: September 2021

High-tech enterprises, as the key subjects that can stimulate innovation vitality and promote innovation-driven development strategies in China, require government guidance for their innovative activities. However, the existing research has not answered the issue of how the government behavior activates the innovation ability of high-tech enterprises and what is the internal mechanism. As such, this paper takes government participation in high-tech enterprises as its research object, constructs an evolutionary game model of government participation in enterprise innovation, analyzes the internal mechanism of improvements to high-tech enterprises’ innovation ability under government tax and fee policy incentives and regulatory measures, and uses MATLAB numerical simulation to verify the results. The research shows that (1) increasing the general corporate income tax rate and reducing the high-tech corporate income tax rate can promote the transformation of general enterprises into high-tech enterprises and encourage enterprises to engage in scientific and technological innovation activities. However, when the high-tech corporate income tax rate is lower than 0.1, the marginal effect will be reduced. (2) Increasing the deduction coefficient and amortization coefficient can make high-tech enterprises more motivated to participate in innovation activities and thus render enterprise innovation more lucrative. (3) Increasing administrative penalties from regulatory authorities can promote the development of innovative activities in high-tech enterprises, but their intensity must be controlled within a reasonable range. The presented results have reference value for the adjustment of tax and fee policies among high-tech enterprises.
Experimental Study on the High‐Temperature Shear Performance of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Huang Jia’ning , Li Ruiduo , Yin Song , Liu Pengfei
Published: September 2021

The influence of temperature on the shear performance of asphalt mixtures and the feasibility of using the deformation strength as an index of the high‐temperature shear performance of these mixtures were explored in this study. Taking AC‐13C and AC‐20C asphalt mixtures as the research objects, uniaxial compression, rutting, deformation strength, and uniaxial static load creep tests were carried out at temperatures 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, and 60°C. The correlations between the deformation strength and modulus of resilience, compressive strength, dynamic stability, and stiffness of the asphalt mixtures were studied. The test results show that the influence of temperature on the compressive strength, resilience modulus, and deformation strength of the asphalt mixtures decreases significantly as the temperature increased, and the rutting deformation of the two kinds of asphalt mixtures increased as the temperature increased. Strong correlations exist between the deformation strength and the modulus of resilience, the compressive strength, and the dynamic stability of asphalt mixtures, so the deformation strength can be used as an evaluation index of the high‐temperature shear performance of asphalt mixtures.
Aquaporins 8 and 9 as Possible Markers for Adult Murine Lacrimal Gland Cells
Authors: Okada Naoko , Kawakita Tetsuya , Ito Masataka , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: September 2021

Aquaporins (AQPs) are proteins that selectively transport water across the cell membrane. Although AQPs play important roles in secretion in the lacrimal gland, the expression and localization of AQPs have not been clarified yet. In the current study, we investigated the expression pattern of AQP family members in the murine lacrimal gland during development. Lacrimal gland tissues were harvested from E13.5 and E17.5 murine embryos and from mice 8 weeks of age (adults). Corneal and conjunctival tissues from the latter served as controls. Total RNA was isolated and analyzed for the expression of AQP family members using qPCR. The localization of AQPs in the adult lacrimal gland in adult murine lacrimal glands was also analyzed. Expression of Aqp8 and Aqp9 mRNAs was detected in the adult lacrimal gland but not in the cornea, conjunctiva, or fetal lacrimal gland. AQP8 and AQP9 and α‐SMA partially colocalized around the basal regions of the acinar unit. The levels of Aqp3 mRNAs and protein were much lower in the adult lacrimal gland but were readily detected in the adult cornea and conjunctiva. Our study suggests that AQP8 and AQP9 may serve as markers for adult murine lacrimal gland, ductal, and myoepithelial cells.
Experimental Study of Site-Specific Soil Water Content and Rainfall Inducing Shallow Landslides: Case of Gakenke District, Rwanda
Authors: Kuradusenge Martin , Kumaran Santhi , Zennaro Marco , Niyonzima Albert
Published: September 2021

Shallow landslides are among the natural threats causing death and damage. They are mostly triggered by rainfall in mountainous areas where precipitation used to be abundant. The amount of rainfall inducing this natural threat differs from one site to another based on the geographical characteristics of that area. In addition to the rainfall depth, the determination of soil water content in a specific zone has a major contribution to the landslide prediction and early warning systems. Rwanda being a country with hilly terrains, some areas are susceptible to both rainfall and soil water content inducing landslides. But an analytical study of the physical threshold determination of both rainfall and soil water content inducing landslides is lacking. Therefore, this experimental study is conducted to determine the rainfall and soil water content threshold that can be fed in to the landslide early warning system (LEWS) for alert messages using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Various experiments have been conducted for the real-time monitoring of slope failure using the toolset composed of a rain gauge, soil moisture sensors, and a rainfall simulating tool. The results obtained show that the threshold for landslide occurrence does not solely correlate with the total rainfall amount (or intensity) or soil moisture, but also influenced by internal (geological, morphological) and environmental factors. Among the sampled sites, the sites covered by forest indicated no sign of slope failure, whereas sites with crops could slip. The experiments revealed that for a specific site, the minimum duration to induce slope failure was 8 hours, 41 minutes with the rainfall intensity of 8 mm/hour, and the soil moisture was above 90% for deeper sensors. These values are used as thresholds for LEWS for that specific site to improve predictions.
Enumeration of the Edge Weights of Symmetrically Designed Graphs
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Afzal Hafiz Usman , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: September 2021

The idea of supera,0-edge-antimagic labeling of graphs had been introduced by Enomoto et al. in the late nineties. This article addresses supera,0-edge-antimagic labeling of a biparametric family of pancyclic graphs. We also present the aforesaid labeling on the disjoint union of graphs comprising upon copies ofC4and different trees. Several problems shall also be addressed in this article.
Pasternak Model‐Based Tunnel Segment Uplift Model of Subway Shield Tunnel during Construction
Authors: Tao Xiang-Ling , Su Yun-He , Zhu Qi-Yin , Wang Wen-Long
Published: September 2021

Segment uplift is a frequent problem during the construction of shield tunnels. The phenomenon of segment uplift in Xuzhou Metro Line 1 is investigated. The segment uplift magnitude in the shale layer is quite smaller than that in the clay layer. A tunnel segment uplift calculation model based on the Pasternak foundation beam model is proposed, which considers the hardening process of the grouted body with time. The finite difference method is adopted to calculate the magnitude of segment uplift during different tunnel construction stages, and a numerical solution of segment uplift on the longitudinal direction is obtained. The applicability of the numerical solution is studied by comparing with the field test results and parametric analyses are also performed to investigate the eﬀects of diﬀerent factors on segment uplifting. The results show that the coefficient of subgrade modulus, shear stiffness of the shear layer, and grout pressure all influence the segment uplifting of the tunnel. The influence of the coefficient of subgrade modulus and grout pressure on segment uplift is more significant.
Research on the Noise Reduction Method of the Vibration Signal of the Hydrogenerator Unit Based on ITD-PE-SVD
Authors: Ren Yan , Liu Pan , Hu Leiming , Qiao Ruoyu , Zhang Linlin , Huang Shaojie
Published: September 2021

Aiming at the problem that the vibration signals of the hydrogenerator unit are nonlinear and nonstationary and it is difficult to extract the signal features due to strong background noise and complex electromagnetic interference, this paper proposes a dual noise reduction method based on intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD) and permutation entropy (PE) combined with singular value decomposition (SVD). Firstly, the vibration signals are decomposed by ITD to obtain a series of PRC components, and the permutation entropy of each component is calculated. Secondly, according to the set permutation entropy threshold, the PRC components are selected for reconstruction to achieve a noise reduction effect. On this basis, SVD is carried out, and the appropriate reconstruction order is selected according to the position of the singular value difference spectrum mutation point for reconstruction, so as to achieve the secondary noise reduction effect. The proposed method is compared with the LMD-PE-SVD and EMD-PE-SVD dual noise reduction method by simulation, taking the correlation coefficient and signal-to-noise ratio to evaluate the noise reduction performance and finding that the ITD-PE-SVD noise reduction has good noise reduction and pulse effect. Furthermore, this method is applied to the analysis of the upper guide swing data in the X-direction and Y-direction of a unit in a hydropower station in China, and it is found that this method can effectively reduce noise and accurately extract signal features, thus determining the vibration cause, which is helpful to improve the turbine fault recognition rate.
Numerical Simulations of Magnetic Dipole over a Nonlinear Radiative Eyring–Powell Nanofluid considering Viscous and Ohmic Dissipation Effects
Authors: Sajjad R. , Mushtaq M. , Farid S. , Jabeen K. , Muntazir R. M. A.
Published: September 2021

This research work interprets the influences of magnetic dipole over a radiative Eyring–Powell fluid flow past a stretching sheet while considering the impacts of viscous and ohmic dissipation that produce a quite illustrious effect due to the generated magnetic dipole. This whole analysis is characterized by the effects of steady, laminar, and incompressible flow. The highly nonlinear and coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are remodeled into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing reliable and nondimensional parameters leading to the momentum, thermal, and concentration equations, that are computationally solved using

b
v
p
4
c

on MATLAB, and “dsolve” command on MAPLE software, in the companionship of boundary conditions. The physical constraints such as viscous and ohmic dissipation and many other sundry parametric effects are sketched with their ultimate effects on fluid flow. For the sustenance of this research with the prior work and in collaboration with the below mentioned literature review, a comprehensive differentiation is given, which defines the sustainability of the current work. The Buongiorno nanoliquid model elaborates the thermophoresis and Brownian features that are deliberately scrutinized within the influence of activation energy. Also, the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are illustrated in tables. The skin friction coefficient decreases with a rise in the ferromagnetic interaction parameter as well as the Hartmann number, whereas the Nusselt number and Sherwood number show variation for varying parameters. It can be observed that Eyring–Powell fluid intensifies the rate of heat and mass transfer.
Median Nerve and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment with Cubital Tunnel Syndrome in a Hemodialysis Patient Following Creation of an Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Dukkipati Ramanath , Richler Aaron , Shah Anuja , de Virgilio Christian
Published: September 2021

Neurological and vascular complications associated with creation of arteriovenous access need to be recognized promptly to deliver appropriate interventions for relief of symptoms and avoid loss of function of the involved extremity. We present here a 55-year-old female with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis secondary to diabetic nephropathy who had a surgical creation of first stage of the brachial artery-basilic vein fistula in the left arm. She subsequently developed pain and weakness of the left arm which was diagnosed as median and ulnar nerve entrapment. She was treated with surgical nerve release and neurolysis and her symptoms improved.
БЕЗПЕКА ПРАЦІ ТА ОХОРОНА ЗДОРОВ’Я МЕДИЧНИХ СЕСТЕР ЗА УМОВ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19
Authors: Буряк О. , Димчук О. , Прокопенко Т. , Колісник О.
Published: September 2021

У статті проаналізовано і підсумовано дані щодо безпеки праці та охорони здоров’я медичного персоналу за умов пандемії. У часи боротьби з коронавірусом про роль медсестер згадують все частіше. Адже ці медичні працівники найближче спілкуються з хворими на Covid-19.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ РІВНЯ ЗНАНЬ СЕРЕДНЬОГО МЕДИЧНОГО ПЕРСОНАЛУ ЩОДО ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ ВНУТРІШНЬОЛІКАРНЯНОГО ЗАРАЖЕННЯ ТУБЕРКУЛЬОЗОМ
Authors: Іванова Н. В. , Криницька І. Я. , Гецько Н. В. , Марущак М. І.
Published: September 2021

Стаття присвячена вивченню рівня знань середнього медичного персоналу з питань, що стосуються за­галь­них положень про внутрішньолікарняні інфекції, їх профілактику та нозокоміальний туберкульоз зокрема.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ПОШИРЕНІСТЬ ПРОЯВУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ МЕДИЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ НАРКОЛОГІЧНИХ І ПСИХІАТРИЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ЛУГАНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ ЗА СУЧАСНИХ УМОВ
Authors: Юрченко І. , Савченко І. , Димчук О.
Published: September 2021

У статті проаналізовано та підсумовано результати практичних досліджень поширення професійного вигорання у медичних працівників психіатричних і наркологічних закладів Луганської області та розглянуто основні причини та фактори, що спричиняють розвиток даного захворювання.