bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care plus Touch Therapy versus Kangaroo Mother Care Alone on the Low-Birth-Weight Infant’s Growth and Physiologic Responses: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rasalan-Fermin Rocamia F. , Imperial Lourdes , De Ocampo Fay S.
Published: December 2021

Background. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) has facilitated infant growth and decreased morbidities and hospital stay. Adding touch therapy (TT) may potentiate the KMC benefits.

Objective. To compare the effectiveness of KMC+TT versus KMC alone in improving anthropometric and physiologic parameters and decreasing morbidities and hospital stay in low birth weight (LBW) infants.

Methods. Stable LBW infants (<2000 g) admitted in the KMC ward were randomized to either intervention (KMC+TT) or control (KMC only) group. The KMC+TT group underwent thrice daily touch therapy sessions until discharge.

Results. A total of 50 infants were included in the study. Baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable. There was a significant increase in weight gain (grams/kg/day) in the KMC+TT group compared to KMC only. Physiologic parameters like heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature were significantly better in the KMC+TT group. More infants in the KMC only group were transferred to NICU care, while more KMC+TT infants went home against advice. Hospital stay was similar between the two groups.

Conclusion. Touch therapy added to KMC is more effective than KMC alone in improving weight gain and physiologic parameters. It is associated with lower morbidities, although it did not affect the hospital stay.
Effectiveness of Reverse Kangaroo Mother Care Position in Decreasing Adverse Physiological Events and Pain during Screening of Premature Infants for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Calitis Ma. Socorro Fatima P. , Villanueva-Uy Maria Esterlita T. , De Leon-Mendoza Socorro , Villano Maria Angelica , Eleazer-Verde Jazel
Published: December 2021

Background. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening is uncomfortable and even painful in preterm infants.

Objective. To determine the effectiveness of the Reverse-Kangaroo Mother Care (R-KMC) position compared with the conventional position in decreasing adverse physiological events and pain during ROP screening.

Methods. This was a parallel randomized controlled trial with two arms- R-KMC position and conventional position (control). The primary outcomes included increased oxygen saturation, decreased heart and respiratory rates, and decreased pain intensity measured by Prematurity Infant Pain Profile (PIPP).

Results. There were 100 preterm infants recruited. There were no differences in baseline characteristics, mean ROP screening duration, mean physiological parameters after the mydriatic application and during ROP screening between the two. Only the mean respiratory rates were significantly lower among the R-KMC group during the application of mydriatric agent. (50.26 ± 6.18 vs. 51.6 ± 8.35; p=0.0191). Relative risk (RR) in the control group is 37 to 84 versus 40 to 68 in the R-KMC group. The R-KMC group had a significantly lower mean PIPP score (6.5±2.06 vs. 8.8±2.80; p<0.0001) after mydriatic application and during ROP screening (7.6±2.05 vs. 9.8±2.90; p<0.0001) compared with control. No apnea was observed after mydriatic application, but one apneic episode was in control during ROP screening. 26% of the ROP screeners recommended the R-KMC position during ROP screening, while a majority (70%) was neutral.

Conclusion. R-KMC position, a low-cost intervention, significantly reduces pain during ROP screening. It is recommended as a position of choice during ROP screening.
Message of the WHO Representative to the Philippines
Authors: Abeyasinghe Rabindra
Published: December 2021

Globally, an estimated 2.4 million children died in their first month of life in 2019. This translated to 6,700 newborn deaths every day, and accounted for 47% of all child deaths under the age of 5 years.

The world has made substantial progress in child and newborn survival since 1990. However, 75% of newborn deaths continue to occur in the first week of life and about 1 million newborns die within their first 24 hours of life. In the Philippines, an estimated 63,000 of 1.7 million children born in 2019 died before their fifth birthday, with half occurring among newborns.

Preterm birth, intrapartum-related complications such as birth asphyxia, infections and birth defects, caused most neonatal deaths in 2019.

While child deaths decreased by one-half between 1990 and 2018, newborn mortality declined at half that rate. Along with asphyxia and sepsis, complications of prematurity are the main causes of newborn deaths. Preterm (< 37 weeks gestation) and low birth weight  (LBW) (<2500 g) babies have immature immune and organ systems, low fat reserves and reduced muscle mass, placing them at a much higher risk for hypothermia, infection, and death, compared to babies born with normal weight.

Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a technique of caring for preterm and LBW babies which consists of keeping them in skin-to-skin contact (SSC) on the chest of the mother (or other family members), as early and as long as possible, exclusive breastfeeding, and early discharge from the hospital with close monitoring on an outpatient basis.

KMC has been demonstrated to reduce mortality in small babies by almost half compared to conventional incubator-based neonatal intensive care. Other benefits include prolonged duration of exclusive breastfeeding and better growth rates. Thus, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends KMC for babies less than or equal to 2,000 grams. We also support widespread calls to introduce, accelerate, and sustain quality KMC implementation.

It is with this note that I congratulate the Kangaroo Mother Care Foundation Philippines, and the research authors for all their original scientific papers on KMC. The publication of these studies, present added evidence that KMC is a cost-efficient, readily available, effective strategy for saving the lives of babies born either prematurely, or with low birth weight for age.

 

 

Rabindra Abeyasinghe, MD, MSc, DTM&H (Public Health) WHO Representative to the Philippines
Высшее хореографическое образование в условиях дистанционного обучения: опыт Казахстана
Authors: Уразымбетов Дамир , Терехова Татьяна
Published: December 2021

Возникшие в связи с мировой пандемией в марте 2020 года карантинные меры обозначили переломный этап в педагогической и организационной деятельности факультета хореографии Казахской национальной академии искусств имени Т. К. Жургенова. Несмотря на вынужденное внедрение дистанционных образовательных технологий (ДОТ), полученный опыт выявил перспективы в поиске новых форм сотрудничества преподавателя и студента. Целью настоящего исследования является аналитическое осмысление и анализ внедрения ДОТ на факультете хореографии. Объектом исследования выступила система дистанционного образования, применяемая для подготовки специалистов в области хореографического искусства. Авторы опирались на научные труды зарубежных и отечественных исследователей из Азербайджана, Великобритании, Казахстана, Китая, Марокко, России, Сербии, США, Филиппин, Фландрии, Чили и других стран, а также на материалы социологических опросов и онлайн-мероприятий факультета. Основой методологии исследования стали методы: аналитики, сопоставления, наблюдения, анкетирования, а также метод обработки данных для выявления общих закономерностей, в опоре на которые выполнены диаграммы и графики. Авторами изучен существующий опыт применения ДОТ в республиканских и зарубежных образовательных организациях; выявлены достоинства и недостатки ДОТ при получении высшего хореографического образования; через метод опроса определено отношение студентов, профессорско-преподавательского состава и руководителей структурных подразделений к ДОТ; обоснованы возможности применения ДОТ для подготовки специалистов в области хореографического искусства. Научная новизна заключается в первичном анализе опыта внедрения ДОТ на основе материалов научных работ в области высшего образования, а также на материалах социальных опросов, определивших в совокупности объективное видение проблем дистанционного обучения в высшем хореографическом образовании Казахстана. Практическая значимость проведенного исследования заключается в изучении и анализе полученного опыта внедрения ДОТ и в обосновании условий применения дистанционного обучения в образовательном процессе. В заключении авторы формулируют тезисы, которые могут стать основой отдельных тематических исследований.
Estate landscapes in the Netherlands
Authors: Renes Hans
Published: December 2021

In the past, country house research was mainly concerned with individual houses and gardens. Yet, as early as the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, so many country houses were being built around the major cities that they came to define the landscape. Genuine estate landscapes took shape along several rivers (Amstel, Vecht), along the inner edge of coastal dunes, and on newly reclaimed land. In the middle of the seventeenth century, the rivers were augmented with a network of barge canals and soon they too were lined by a belt of country houses. The greatest density of country houses was to be found around Amsterdam, but other big cities in the provinces of Holland and Zeeland had their fair share as well. Access was mostly by water, but in some areas, especially in Zeeland, country roads performed this role. The majority of country houses were built on or next to a farm, which generally continued to exist and, in many cases, survived the country house.            In a few areas, the evolving density of country houses has been traced in a detailed chronological record. In most cases it reveals progressive growth towards a high point in the first half of the eighteenth century, after which a gradual decline sets in. However, in a number of areas growth was much more rapid, in particular along the River Vecht.            Sustained growth was followed by decline. In the final decade of the eighteenth century and the first decade of the nineteenth, large numbers of country houses were demolished and in many instances the land reverted to agriculture production. It appears that the decline set in earlier in Zeeland than in Holland, but regional differences in decline are not yet entirely clear.

The second quarter of the nineteenth century saw the construction of a new generation of country houses, especially in the undulating sandy areas of the Utrechtse Heuvelrug and the southern part of the Veluwezoom, where railway lines provided access. The owners of this new crop of country houses laid out their gardens in the English landscape style. They also bought up vast, neighbouring heathlands from local councils or farmers and planted them with trees. As a result, these country houses are quite different in character from those of the earlier period.

In the past the concentrations of country houses dominated the landscape and even today, wherever they have survived to a substantial degree they continue to represent an important landscape quality. As such, protection and management should not be confined to individual country houses but should extend to groups of country houses and their interrelationships (in the form of visual axes, for example). In recent years, a number of provinces have already set a good example by formulating policies for country house biotopes and linear estate landscapes.
Infomapa da mineração: Cartografias e convergências temáticas
Authors: Alvares da Silva Barcelos Eduardo
Published: December 2021

O Infomapa da Mineração: Cartografias e convergências temáticas é um esforço de sistematização de temas relevantes que compõem a questão mineral brasileira. O objetivo deste material é popularizar alguns ele­mentos que constituem a geografia da mineração no país e ampliar o debate público a partir de uma linguagem acessível que possibilite uma visão de conjunto sobre as dinâmicas da atividade mineral no Brasil. O material está dividido em quatro seções. A primeira seção apresenta a evolução dos processos minerários em todo território nacional em quatro recortes temporais. A segunda seção mostra a distri­buição das barragens de mineração segundo o dano potencial associado. A terceira seção traz a distribui­ção das minas ativas a céu aberto e as localidades com garimpo ilegal. E a quarta seção representa a densidade de conflitos no campo envolvendo a mineração.
Palavras-chave: Mineração; cartografia; Brasil; conflitos.
 
Abstract
The Mining Infomap: cartographies and thematic convergences is an effort to systematize relevant subjects that make up the Brazilian mineral issue. The aim of this material is to popularize some elements that constitute the geography of mining in the country, and to broaden the public debate based on an accessible language that allows an overall view of the dynamics of mineral activity in Brazil. The material is divided into four sections. The first section presents the evolution of mining processes throughout the country in four time periods. The second section shows the distribution of mining dams according to their associated potential damage. The third section shows the distribution of active open-pit mines and the locations of illegal mining. And the fourth section represents the density of conflicts in the countryside involving mining.
Keywords: Mining; cartography; Brazil; conflicts.
 
Infomapa de la minería: Cartografías y convergencias temáticas
Resumen
El Infomapa de la Minería: cartografías y convergencias temáticas es un esfuerzo por sistematizar temas relevantes que componen el tema mineral brasileño. El objetivo de este material es popularizar algunos elementos que constituyen la geografía de la minería en el país y ampliar el debate público a partir de un lenguaje accesible que permita una visión global de la dinámica de la actividad minera en Brasil. El material se divide en cuatro secciones. La primera sección presenta la evolución de los procesos mineros en todo el territorio nacional en cuatro períodos de tiempo. La segunda sección muestra la distribución de las presas mineras según el daño potencial asociado. La tercera sección presenta la distribución de minas a cielo abierto activas y los lugares con minería ilegal. Y la cuarta sección representa la densidad de los conflictos rurales relacionados con la minería.
Palabras clave: Minería; cartografía; Brasil; conflictos.
Giras de organización, la respuesta sindical a la estructura agraria. Entre Ríos, 1917-1939
Authors: Leyes Rodolfo M.
Published: December 2021

Las primeras décadas del siglo veinte conocieron un hecho hasta entonces espontáneo y aislado, la creación de sindicatos a escala nacional dirigido por un plan. Si bien la ciudad de Buenos Aires tuvo preeminencia en la actividad gremial, vemos a partir de la hegemonía de los sindicalistas a mediados de la década de 1910, un crecimiento exponencial en el interior argentino. El avance de los sindicalistas se reflejó en un aumento de la conflictividad obrera. Sin embargo, precisó de un paso previo, la creación del aparato organizativo para la lucha económica. La construcción de nuevos sindicatos fue ardua y precisó de la predisposición militante de aquellos gremialistas que se movilizaron por el interior argentino con el objetivo de fundar nuevos organismos obreros. Estos militantes crearon una táctica que se sostuvo en el tiempo hasta por lo menos fines de la década del treinta, las giras de organización realizadas por algunos militantes, muchas veces en solitario, que recorrían diferentes localidades, se reunían con obreros y creaban nuevos sindicatos.
Relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Ecuador en el ámbito de la seguridad durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Castilla César , Tituaña Karol
Published: December 2021

Las primeras actividades conjuntas en el campo de la seguridad entre Ecuador y Estados Unidos se dan en territorio ecuatoriano durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, y corresponden a un nuevo enfoque americano de seguridad donde se privilegia la conformación de estructuras mixtas en el campo de las relaciones internacionales. Esto significó acciones de control y restricción de la entrada de ciudadanos provenientes de los países del eje al país sudamericano, el intercambio de información de extranjeros sospechosos en las embajadas, la aplicación de la inteligencia de señales, la presencia de agentes del FBI y la confección de una lista negra, entre otras. Con esta nueva visión de seguridad, la hegemonía norteamericana no solamente prevalecería en Latinoamérica, sino también en la parte occidental de Europa al finalizar la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El presente artículo ha recopilado fuentes primarias del archivo histórico de la Cancillería del Ecuador; y tiene como objetivo general identificar las causas del trabajo conjunto entre Ecuador y Estados Unidos en el campo de la seguridad durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial a través de una aproximación teórica.
Petateros de San Juan
Authors: Blanco Morales Ericka Sofia
Published: December 2021

Las sociedades asentadas en la región Valles de Jalisco, México, desarrollaron un modo de vida lacustre –acorde con la presencia de un cuerpo de agua conocido como la Laguna de Magdalena- hasta 1940 cuando el acuífero fue desecado. El presente trabajo reconoce las actividades características de la vida relacionada con el agua a partir del rastreo arqueológico, la consulta de fuentes coloniales y un ejercicio de registro etnográfico entre los pobladores de San Juanito de Escobedo, municipio vecino al extinto cuerpo acuífero. Como uno de los resultados, se sintetizó del proceso de manufactura de petates empleando el modelo de cadena operativa. Se trata de objetos tejidos de tule empleados, simbólica y utilitariamente, desde la época prehispánica. El reconocimiento del proceso detonó un nuevo interrogante arqueológico sobre el origen de un espacio de producción localizado en la isla de Atitlán, en lo que alguna vez fue el interior del lago. Allí se encontró la huella arqueológica de un espacio de actividades constantes, destinadas a la elaboración de instrumentos de obsidiana de raspado, corte y raído, que fueron empleados para el aprovechamiento de un recurso lacustre en el mismo lugar.
Mujeres y disidencias feministas en las arqueologías sudamericanas
Authors: Jofré Carina , Gamboa Marianela , Morales Muriel , Gasetúa Flavia E. , Pessio Vázquez María Florencia
Published: December 2021

La pandemia mundial por COVID-19 fue el escenario trágico en el que las violencias patriarcales se evidenciaron de diferentes modos. Mientras se multiplicaban las violencias físicas, verbales, económicas y psicológicas en cada hogar, muchas mujeres y disidencias nos animábamos a denunciar las violencias perpetradas durante décadas contra nosotres al interior de las disciplinas. De esa situación, de la necesidad de encontrarnos y hablar, nació la Colectiva Feminista de la Red de Información en Arqueología y Patrimonio (RIDAP), y con ella la Serie Podcast: “Mujeres y Disidencias en las Arqueologías Sudamericanas”. Este artículo propone compartir reflexiones nacidas de esa experiencia colectiva, ofreciendo claves teórico-metodológicas feministas para problematizar las perspectivas del género en las arqueologías sudamericanas, y la necesidad de reclamar una nueva articulación entre teoría y política feminista (praxis feminista) que nos permita “nombrar las violencias patriarcales” ejercidas sobre nuestras “cuerpas” y, de este modo, “re-existir” al interior de los ámbitos académicos y científicos hostiles.
Mirar la historia de la arqueología uruguaya con lentes violetas
Authors: Villarmarzo Eugenia , Blasco Jimena , Saccone Elena
Published: December 2021

El artículo presenta los primeros resultados del proyecto “Mujeres en la arqueología. Desde las pioneras aficionadas hasta las profesionales de hoy”. Esta línea de investigación surge como inquietud y necesidad de dar visibilidad y valorizar la producción teórica y académica de las mujeres en la construcción de la antropología y la arqueología en el Uruguay. La investigación en archivo y entrevistas busca recuperar la memoria de la participación de las mujeres en los estudios de arqueología de campo y laboratorio, y visibilizar el papel de las mujeres en la generación de los acervos y colecciones. El proyecto propone difundir y sensibilizar sobre el legado de las mujeres y su invisibilización dentro de la historización de la arqueología. Se identifica que diversas mujeres, tanto uruguayas como extranjeras, jugaron un papel de gran relevancia para el desarrollo de la disciplina, así como para la creación de las grandes colecciones de los museos nacionales.
Not people, women
Authors: Marconetto Maria Bernarda
Published: December 2021

El presente escrito propone una reflexión acerca de vínculos que las mujeres de las comunidades en las que trabajamos pueden tejer con aquello que definimos como materialidades arqueológicas y, en paralelo, nuestro propio lugar como investigadoras en el seno de comunidades en las que, en muchas ocasiones, la experiencia de ser mujer es diferente a la propia. Partiendo de un análisis previo acerca de un particular tipo de traza, el oscurecimiento de algunas representaciones y signos jeroglíficos producto del repetido contacto con manos, describiré una potente relación entre las mujeres, la concepción y los objetos y sitios arqueológicos en la zona de Lúxor (República Árabe de Egipto). Asimismo, discutiré prácticas y discursos de la comunidad académica en torno a las mujeres pasadas y presentes.
Arqueología de la reproducción social en la Pampa del Tamarugal (ca. 3000-1500 cal AP)
Authors: González-Ramírez Andrea , Saez Arturo
Published: December 2021

Presentamos una síntesis de los principios teóricos que sostienen una Arqueología de la Reproducción Social, y mostramos de manera general su aplicación a un caso de estudio. En la primera parte, hacemos un recorrido histórico-conceptual del lugar de la arqueología en el marco del pensamiento contractualista de la modernidad y realizamos una definición del marco teórico y político en el que se inscribe la Teoría de la Reproducción Social en Ciencias Sociales. En la segunda parte, ofrecemos una crítica al androcentrismo en la investigación del Norte Árido de Chile y mostramos las principales evidencias que sostienen un modelo teórico acerca de las estrategias de la Reproducción Social en la transición Arcaico-Formativa de la Pampa del Tamarugal a partir de las evidencias bioarqueológicas del Cementerio Tarapacá 40 (Región de Tarapacá, Chile).
Competency of Faculty Members in Online Teaching of Agricultural Undergraduatesduring COVID-19 Pandemic: A study in North-East India
Authors: Borah Progati , Devarani Loukham
Published: December 2021

Quality education is crucial for growth and development of a nation. Teaching learningprocess worldwide which was disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic has found consolationthrough online remote teaching. Competency of teachers plays an important role in thesuccess of online teaching. The study was conducted in North Eastern region (NER) ofIndia to assess the faculty members’ competency in online teaching of agriculturalundergraduates. For the study, all the teachers of institutes in NER imparting undergraduatelevel degree course in Agriculture were selected. Online questionnaire was sent to all theteachers of which 75 responses were received, which formed the respondents of the study.Five online teaching competency dimensions were considered for the study. The respondentshad highest mean competency score in Teaching Ethics and lowest in Content Facilitation.Online teaching competency had significant and positive correlation with online teachingexperience; attitude towards online teaching; and organisational facilities & support. Thestudy recommends providing organizational facilities and support in the form of adequateinfrastructure and conducting trainings on awareness and usage of e-teaching resources andtools to improve the online teaching competency of the teachers.
Economics of Small Tea Farming System (STFS): An in-depth Study of North Bengal,India
Authors: Panda Subhrajyoti , Ghosh Avrajyoti , Das Litan , Modak Satarupa , Mondal Sabita , Pal P. K. , Nain M. S.
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted to find out the pattern of labour engagement (both family andhired labour), price realization of different type of small tea growers and economic analysisof the small tea growing system. Small tea growers of Jalpaiguri and Uttar Dinajpur districtof West Bengal were selected purposively. The present study mainly considered primarydata for analysis and a small amount of secondary data was also collected from records ofConfederation of Indian Small Tea Growers’ Association (CISTA) and Self-Help Group(SHG) registers. It has been found that there is a variation in price of green leaves in bothdistricts and higher rates are observed in the month of March. SHGs with own processingunits were found to fetch higher prices compared to other units because of their collectivebargaining power, absence of middlemen and owing co-operative processing units. Numberof such SHGs, with processing units were found in Jalpaiguri district whereas, UttarDinajpur district recorded no SHG with own processing units. The economic analysis alsopresented a clear picture about fixed and operational cost, gross return with or withoutdividend and benefit cost ratio.
Usages of Mobile Application Developed by Krishi Vigyan Kendra Banavasi
Authors: Jayalakshmi M. , Prasadbabu G. , Chaithanya B. H. , Lavanya A. , Srinivas T.
Published: December 2021

A survey was conducted to assess the impact of mobile applications developed by theKrishiVigyan Kendra Banavasi with 150 farmers in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh inthe year 2020. KVK Banavasi developed three mobile applications namely ANGRAU-ATARI CFLD, ANGRAU Pashu Poshan and Fertilizer Calculator for benefiting farmingcommunity. Majority (64.67%) of the respondents were found in medium usage of mobileapplications, in agriculture. Fertilizer Calculator mobile application was found highest usage(74.50%) among the farmers when compared with other two applications. ANGRAUATATRI CFLD application was used by an average of 46.83 per cent farmers forinformation on new improved varieties, 75 % for control measures of pest and diseasesand 29 per cent for market related information. ANGRAU Pashu Poshan application wasused by 75 per cent livestock farmers for sheep management, 56 per cent for cattlemanagement and 45 per cent for poultry related information. Fertilizer calculator applicationwas used by 80 per cent farmers for recommended dose of fertilizers and 10 per cent forsoil test based fertilizer application.
Adoption Status of Direct Seeded Rice Technology by the Farmers of Punjab
Authors: Kamboj Ramandeep , Singh Dharminder , Kaur Lakhwinder
Published: December 2021

Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is a possible alternative to conventional puddled transplantedrice, where rice crop is seeded directly in non-puddled fields. The study was conducted toascertain the adoption status of recommended practices of DSR. Personal interviews wereconducted to collect data from randomly selected 210 farmers from three districtsrepresenting different agro-climatic regions of Punjab. Study revealed that selected farmershad adopted DSR on 49.20 per cent of their total area under paddy cultivation. Slightlyhigher number of selected farmers had adopted Tar-Wattar, a new technique of DSR overdry soil method. Only 18.52 per cent respondents had applied first irrigation as perrecommendations of Tar-Wattar method, whereas majority (67.59%) had applied firstirrigation before 21 days. 26.67 per cent farmers had adopted most suitable variety PR-126 and sown it at recommended time. However, in case of other varieties, majority offarmers did not follow recommended time of sowing. A smaller number of farmers haveapplied zinc, iron and sulphur fertilizers to ameliorate micro nutrient deficiencies. Averageyield of others varieties and PR 126 were found to be nearly identical, but due to lessercost of cultivation in DSR as compared to transplanted rice, adopter farmers’ fetched highernet return.
Assessment of Farmers’ Perception about Crop Residue Burning in Haryana
Authors: Choudhary Anuradha , Kadian K. S. , Meena M. S.
Published: December 2021

The study was conducted in 2019-2020 to assess the perception of the farmers on cropresidue burning (CRB) in Haryana. A total of 180 farmers from three purposively selecteddistricts, namely Karnal, Kurukshetra, and Fatehabad from Haryana, were chosen to collectdata. Stratified random sampling was employed in the selection of blocks, villages, andrespondents. For measuring farmers’ perception, a scale was constructed using Likert’smethod of summated ratings. Farmers perceived CRB as an economical and viable optionand considered it an efficient practice. Most farmers did not perceive the happy seeder asfeasible since it needed a high horsepower tractor. Farmers’ perception was positively andsignificantly correlated with education, operational land holding, and annual income (P<0.05).Hence, there is a need to promote community-based approaches like custom hiring centre,bio-mass-based power plants, mushroom cultivation, etc., through extension and advisoryservices. It may lead to adopting alternative crop residue management options and mitigatingresidue burning in the long run.
Constraints in Adapting the Climate Change in Konkan Region of Maharashtra
Authors: Shelar Rohit , Singh A. K. , Maji Saikat
Published: December 2021

Changing climate is a serious environmental issue affecting agricultural production all overthe world. India is also facing the problem of increased mean temperature and irregularityof rainfall, and the Konkan region of Maharashtra is also not escaped from this issue. Thestudy was designed and conducted in the northern part of the Konkan region to understandthe constraints experienced by the farmers while adapting the climate change. The studywas carried in four villages of Palghar district with 245 respondents selected byproportionate random sampling method. Major constraints were expressed by the farmerswhile adapting the changing climate were, lack of credence on current weather forecastingsystem, poor accurate weather forecast information, irregular & low voltage capacity powersupply and seven others.
Participatory Evaluation of Effectiveness of Farmer-Led Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Preeti , Maiti Sanjit , Jha S. K. , Meena H. R. , Bhakat Mukesh , Dixit A. K.
Published: December 2021

India has shown high vulnerability towards the impact of climate change due to thedependency of 58 per cent of India’s population on agriculture. The study was carried on180 respondents in three districts selected randomly of eastern Uttar Pradesh to evaluatefarmer-led adaptation strategies to the impact of climate change, activities that arepredominantly led by farmers to make them more adaptable to long-term changes in weatherpatterns. All the respondents had experienced extreme climatic events in the last 5-10 years,making the region climate-prone. Nine farmers’-led adaptation strategies to climate changefollowed in crop farming were documented and quantified by using Climate ChangeAdaptation Index. Adaptation strategies were evaluated using the Quantification ofIndigenous Knowledge method (QuIK) method; by involving the key informants followedby peer farmers. Crop diversification, use of high yielding varieties of crops andpreparations of bunds to control water flow were the most preferred adaptation strategiesto climate change. The irregular rainfall increased the incidence of floods in eastern UttarPradesh; thus, the preparation of bunds to regulate water flow in crop fields was the mostefficient adaptation strategy.
Bharata Muni and Western Dramatic Theory
Authors: Mahore Vipin
Published: December 2021

This Paper highlights a few generalizations about the Western dramatic theory represented by Aristotle and Indian dramatic theory represented by Bharata Muni. The purpose of this paper is not to suggest that Indian theory of drama is superior to the western but is to point out their differences. Obviously there is a fundamental difference between the Western and the Indian modes of thinking. Aristotle’s Western dramatic theory is based on tragedy. On the other hand Bharata Muni’s dramatic theory is based on the Indian theory of Karma. In Bharata’s theory “Rasa” is the sole object of dramatic representation. But there is one interesting point. Whereas western dramatic theory cannot be applied to Sanskrit drama, Bharata’s theory of rasa, as S.C. Sen Gupta. has shown, can be employed with profit in appreciating the western drama. The Paper concluded by suggesting that both the Indian and the Western theories of drama as represented by Bharata and Aristotle respectively have broken down and splintered. In fact, the very idea of tradition, which had sustained these theories, has disappeared from the modern world. Its place is now occupied by individualization and experimentation.
An Invitro Study: Antioxidant, Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Achranthes aspera
Authors: Vahora Masiraben , Shaikh Falaknaaz
Published: December 2021

Medicaments, plants and plant-based are the basis of many of the modern pharmaceuticals we use today for our various purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant, phytochemical and antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Achyranthes aspera plant extract in different organic solvents. The radical scavenging activity of the different extracts of root, stem, leaf, and seed were evaluated by DPPH assay and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus niger was studied by Agar well cut diffusion method. All of the extracts exhibited different antioxidant and antibacterial activities and the activities varied from solvent to solvent, and the activities are concentrated. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were compared with the positive control Ascorbic acid and Cefuroxime. A qualitative phytochemical analysis was carried out and found to possess bioactive compounds like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins.
La restauración del Pabellón del Perú (Sevilla, 1927): selección y análisis del tratamiento de hidrofugación
Authors: Flores Alés Vicente , Alejandre Sánchez Francisco Javier , Martín del Rio Juan Jesús , Villegas Sánchez Rosario , Torres González Marta
Published: December 2021

El Pabellón del Perú fue construido para la Exposición Iberoamericana de 1929 en Sevilla. En 2017, el edificio presentaba un alto grado de suciedad, grietas y desprendimiento de fragmentos como principales manifestaciones de degradación en los elementos ornamentales de hormigón y mortero que componen sus fachadas. Tal estado de conservación hizo necesaria la redacción de un proyecto de restauración de las fachadas y la consecuente intervención. Este trabajo se basó en una fase de estudio previo en la que se identificaron las principales causas de deterioro del edificio para evaluar cuáles podrían ser los tratamientos más convenientes de cara a su conservación preventiva. En una segunda fase se abordó el control específico de la intervención de restauración, en particular para verificar la eficacia e idoneidad del tratamiento aplicado mediante pruebas in situ y técnicas de análisis instrumental.
Los ciclos de la naturaleza y su efecto en el patrimonio edificado del Caribe
Authors: Del Cueto de Pantel Beatriz
Published: December 2021

Entre los años 2020 y 2021, el mundo se paralizó debido a la pandemia del COVID-19. Durante este periodo, se redujeron considerablemente los efectos devastadores de los gases de efecto invernadero, causantes del cambio climático que acecha. La naturaleza tuvo un merecido respiro, y el patrimonio arquitectónico se vio menos castigado al estabilizarse los cambios drásticos del clima. ¿Somos a nivel global responsables de la devastación del planeta y, como consecuencia, de la destrucción de nuestra arquitectura patrimonial? Los procesos de intervención en estas estructuras existentes deben responder, de manera compatible, a sus tecnologías edilicias particulares y su ubicación geográfica. Si el único edificio sostenible es el que ya existe, la recuperación y el reciclaje de sus componentes cobran sentido, pues emplean técnicas sostenibles que utilizaban nuestros antepasados como procesos conscientes para proteger, y no desperdiciar, los recursos naturales de nuestro planeta Tierra, necesarios para su supervivencia.
Os métodos mistos na análise sociológica da educação e a relativização das fronteiras entre micro e macro
Authors: Rosistolato Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

O objetivo do artigo é analisar e problematizar as fronteiras entre as abordagens micro e macro em sociologia da educação. A literatura – nacional e internacional – sobre métodos mistos de pesquisa indica a pertinência e a eficácia desse tipo de abordagem para o enfrentamento de problemas sociológicos de toda ordem. A discussão específica sobre educação segue em linha convergente, apontando as vantagens dos métodos mistos para a discussão sobre a consolidação dos sistemas educacionais e, principalmente, sobre a relação unidade escolar/sistema-rede de ensino. No primeiro momento, sintetizam-se os argumentos teóricos que sublinham os métodos mistos como um caminho eficaz para a pesquisa sociológica. Na sequência, analisa-se um conjunto de dados sobre a relação escola/sistema-rede de ensino na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, todos produzidos em uma pesquisa colaborativa, construída com base em métodos mistos, realizada no âmbito de um laboratório que agrega sociólogos, antropólogos e educadores. Daí a proposição de que pesquisas colaborativas permitem que as expertises de profissionais de diferentes áreas trabalhem com foco em questões comuns, desenvolvendo, com o máximo de refinamento, abordagens metodológicas inerentes a cada especialidade e, simultaneamente, mesclando-as para a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o objeto analisado
A nota de síntese, um instrumento de estruturação da sociologia da educação
Authors: Valle Ione Ribeiro
Published: December 2021

Este texto, que compõe o dossiê: "A Polifonia da Sociologia da Educação Hoje: entre a atualidade dosclássicos e dos contemporâneos" – Organizadores: Amurabi Oliveira, Ione Ribeiro Valle e Camila Ferreira da Silva, se trata de uma tradução.
Arm function and muscle activity responses after using the Kinesio taping inhibitory technique
Authors: Kós Rodolfo Silva , Janssen Thomas W.J. , Junior Alberto Cliquet
Published: December 2021

Purpose

This study aims at showing the effects in muscle activity and arm function under the influence of the inhibitory muscle technique of the Kinesio tape method in healthy muscles.

Methods

Overall, 20 apparently healthy subjects underwent the procedures 3 times, in 3 different tape conditions: no tape, Kinesio tape, and non-elastic tape. The muscle activity was obtained in millivolts through electromyography on biceps brachii and deltoid during 3 specific tasks, and the arm function was determined in seconds with the Action Research Arm Test, a standardized tool conceived to assess upper extremity function, divided into the subscales of grasp, grip, pinch, and gross movement.

Results

The electromyography results and most of the Action Research Arm Test dimensions did not show any statistically significant differences in any comparison (p > 0.05) between the tape conditions. However, there could be a tendency to perform movements faster under the influence of the Kinesio tape, as implied in the dimensions of grip (p = 0.01) and total (p = 0.04) of the Action Research Arm Test.

Conclusions

The Kinesio tape inhibitory muscle technique and tape conditions did not evoke significant effects in muscle activity or arm function in apparently healthy muscles.
ANÁLISE DE ATENDIMENTO AMBULATORIAL DA COVID-19 NO HOSPITAL REGIONAL DE CHAPADINHA-MA
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Sousa De
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Após entrada da Covid-19 no território brasileiro, várias medidas de controle e prevenção da doença foram adotadas pelas autoridades sanitárias locais em variadas esferas administrativas, dentre elas, governo federal, estaduais e municipais. I processo de isolamento social ou uso de máscara, tem gerado alguns impactos na vida nas pessoas, onde muitos desrespeitam essa medida e com isso, a Covid-19 tem se proliferado com grande intensidade no país. Objetivo: O objetivo desse relatório é avaliar a incidência de atendimento ambulatorial de pacientes com suspeita da Covid-19 no município de Chapadinha – MA. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, baseados em dados secundários a respeito da incidência da COVID-19, no município de Chapadinha- MA, no período entre 22 de maio a 17 de agosto de 2020. Foram utilizados os prontuários dos pacientes que deram entrada pelo Ambulatório Covid-19 do Hospital Regional de Chapadinha, oferecendo melhores condições de assistência à população da região. As informações foram obtidas pela base de dados de notificação e consultados mensalmente de maio a agosto de 2020 e transformadas em gráficos. Em seguida, foi utilizado o programa Microsoft Excel, versão 2010, para constituição das ilustrações. Foi realizada uma análise estatística descritiva, e os dados foram apresentados na forma de números absolutos e de frequência relativa. Resultados: Avaliou-se que em março já tinha sido atendido 109 (12%) pacientes, com um aumento significativo no mês de junho, onde foram atendidos 403 (44%), caindo o número de atendimentos nos meses de julho e agosto, 210 (23%) e 198 (22%) consecutivamente. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que apesar de mulheres terem mais a Covid-19, o comportamento dos homens tende a estarem mais vulneráveis à infecção por Covid-19. É possível demonstrar que a aproximação da pandemia da Covid-19 no município de Chapadinha MA, gerou diferenças significativa quando comparados a faixa etária e gênero.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO E INTERNAÇÃO HOSPITALAR PELA COVID-19.
Authors: Klein Lucas Alencar , Silveira Letícia Teresinha da , Rosa Camila Souza da , Manfio Eliane Fátima , Costa Cássia Cinara da
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O exercício físico melhora a resposta do sistema imunológico, protegendo contra infecções, e pode ser fundamental na prevenção contra SARS-CoV-2 e redução da gravidade da doença. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre prática de exercício físico e internação hospitalar pela COVID-19. Material e métodos: Participaram 60 indivíduos que tiveram COVID-19, de ambos os sexos, de 16 a 89 anos e todo assinaram eletronicamente o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Para coleta dos dados foi utilizado um questionário desenvolvido na plataforma Google Forms, que foi aplicado em forma de entrevista e disponibilizado no formato online, através das redes sociais. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS v.22.0. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi de 48,6(17,3) anos e a maioria do sexo feminino(65%). A maioria não praticava exercício físico(58,3%) e para a maioria ocorreu internação hospitalar após o diagnóstico da COVID-19(58,3%). Comparando os praticantes de exercício físico(EF) com os não praticantes(NEF), observou-se que 68,7% dos NEF foram internados pela COVID-19, com tempo de internação de 2-89 dias, e 48% dos EF foram internados, com tempo de internação de 2-63 dias. A média do número de dias de internação não apresentou diferença significativa entre EF/NEF, porém os NEF apresentaram maior tempo de internação. Verificou-se maior prevalência dos NEF quanto ao uso de equipamentos de suporte à vida durante a internação(65,7% NEF;44% EF). Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que a prática de EF pode contribuir para diminuir as internações, reduzir o tempo de internação, o uso de equipamentos de suporte a vida e a gravidade da doença, corroborando para formulação de políticas e desenvolvimento de educação em saúde a fim de minimizar os efeitos da atual pandemia e futuros eventos similares.
SURGIMENTO DO EVALI E SEUS DESDOBRAMENTOS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Lira Bruna Lays de Souza , Tavares Eniele Moreira , Rabelo Isabella de Paula , Alves Lorenzo Fernandes , Santos Paul William
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A lesão pulmonar associada ao uso de cigarro eletrônico (sigla em inglês EVALI - E-Cigarette Vaping Associated Lung Injury) surgiu nos países desenvolvidos em 2019 e tem se tornando uma doença comum entre os jovens. Os cigarros eletrônicos contêm nicotina e essências em sua composição que, quando inaladas, causam a destruição de células pulmonares, resultando em uma lesão pulmonar progressiva. A doença ainda não tem um tratamento definido e seus sintomas se assemelham aos sintomas da COVID-19. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo explorar os principais sinais e sintomas da doença, os diferenciando com os sintomas da infecção por SARS-COV-2 e demonstrando os desdobramentos dessa doença em ascensão entre a população jovem, especialmente durante a pandemia que atingiu praticamente todos os países do globo. Metodologia: Foram coletados dados de artigos científicos disponíveis nas principais plataformas de busca, PubMed, Lilacs e BVS, para avaliação e elaboração de uma revisão sistemática sobre o tema. Foram utilizados filtros de busca para selecionar artigos entre 2019 e 2021. Além disso, foram selecionados artigos que descreviam a fisiopatologia da doença e a relação com a COVID-19, implicando em uma seleção mais assertiva quanto aos objetivos da revisão. Resultados: Utilizando os operadores booleanos evali and covid, a busca remeteu a 29 artigos relacionados ao tema. Desses 29, foram selecionados 17 artigos viáveis e compatíveis com o tema para a produção deste estudo. Os artigos apresentaram informações relevantes quanto ao curso da doença, a gravidade das lesões associadas e a relação com quadros de comprometimento respiratório ligados a COVID-19. Conclusão: Os dados disponíveis apontam para caracterizar a EVALI como uma síndrome de grande relevância, que afeta os adolescentes e está relacionada aos hábitos de vida dessa parcela da população. A correlação com a COVID-19 é um fator agravante por dificultar o tratamento e representar um fator de piora significativa nos quadros de lesão pulmonar.
ANÁLISE DOS ÓBITOS OCORRIDOS EM DOMICÍLIOS DURANTE A PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 EM UMA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: UMA ABORDAGEM EPIDEMIOLÓGICA
Authors: Ferreira Ana Lucia da Silva , Sardinha Daniele Melo , Júnior Paulo Cerqueira dos Santos , Costa Luana Nepomuceno Gondim , Lima Karla Valéria Batista
Published: December 2021

Introdução: No Brasil, o primeiro caso confirmado da COVID-19 foi registrado em 26 de fevereiro de 2020 em São Paulo com avanço rápido pelo país, com transmissão comunitária declarada no território nacional em 20 de março de 2020. O estado do Pará registrou o primeiro caso no dia 18 de março e no dia 25 de julho de 2020 assumiu o quarto lugar em número absoluto de casos no país, com 148.463 casos confirmados e 5.716 óbitos. Objetivos: Diante da ausência de análise de óbitos em domicílio na perspectiva epidemiológica, o presente estudo objetiva analisar e descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos ocorridos em domicílio avaliados pelo Serviço de Cerificação de Óbitos (SVO) durante a primeira onda da pandemia por coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) na região metropolitana de Belém, estado do Pará. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo, de base secundária, a partir dos bancos de dados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM), referentes aos óbitos ocorridos de 1 de março à 27 de junho de 2020. As variáveis trabalhadas foram referentes ao perfil e as causas definidas na declaração de óbito. Foram utilizadas as causas de óbitos domiciliares de 2019 para comparação com 2020. Resultados: No período indicado ocorreram 1.203 mortes, aumento de 454% em relação a 2019. O sexo masculino (57,30%), a faixa etária de 60+ (80,80%) e a raça parda (77,70%) foram os mais frequentes. A principal causa de óbitos foi infarto agudo do miocárdio (15,05%) seguida por COVID-19 (10,29%). Conclusão: Durante a pandemia os óbitos domiciliares em sua maioria não foram diretamente ocasionados por COVID-19. Todavia, os óbitos foram influenciados devido a necessidade do isolamento social, com a impossibilidade de obter o próprio diagnóstico ou tratamento adequado, além da impossibilidade de atendimento no local ou falta de resposta imediata.