bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between hand functioning, cognition and quality of life of CP children: 2-year prospective randomized study
Authors: Voloshyn T. , Kozyavkin V.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

For treatment of CP patients multidisciplinary approach is often promoted. But it is not cost-efficient to involve all medical staff and variety of diagnostic/intervention tools for every patient.

Objectives

Having knowledge on pivotal manifestations of CP and what are they related to would ease multidirectional approach in practice. It will shorten a search of pathologies only to those related to main manifestations related to quality of life.

Methods

611 children aged 2 to 18 years (mean age–6y5m) with CP(G80.0-G80.9): examined by 3 independent doctors. 56%males, 44%females. Randomized blinded assessment. Fine hand function assessed by “9-hole peg”,“Box and Blocks” tests, dynamometry. Intellectual functioning assessment was done using Raven Matrices. Quality of Life(QoL) assessment according to Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD). The intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) was used for finding out discrepancies between observers. Inferencial statistics including 95%CI and P-value.

Results

ICC coefficient between observers was highly reliable–0.93(95%CI:0.89–0.95). The mean QoL score for children GMFCS levels I and II was 58.5(SD 16.6), for GMFCS III, IV and V children–22.4(SD13.4). QoL was more related to fine hand functioning(r=0,344) than to cognition(r=0,295). There was a strong correlation bond between fine hand functioning and cognition (r=0,663). In case fine hand function improved positive changes in cognition were observed in 74% of subjects(p<0,05). Correlation between grasp power and IQ was weak(r=0,184). Grasp power improvement was slightly related to QoL(r=0,102).

Conclusions

Fine hand functioning improves QoL even more that cognition.So training of fine motor skills should be given a priority in case of limited rehabilitation resources.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Multidisciplinary approach in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Stanciu A.C. , Rad F. , Mihailescu I. , Mateescu L. , Grozavescu R. , Andrei E. , Budisteanu B. , Linca F. , Ioana D. , Iliescu C. , Papuc S. , Arghir A. , Dobrescu I. , Budisteanu M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts and it is marked by repetitive sensory–motor behaviours and restricted interests or activities. Now recognized to occur in up to 1% of the population, the prevalence of ASD has registered a steady increase in the past two decades. Heterogeneity of presentation is a hallmark with comorbid psychiatric and medical morbidities frequently reported. Comorbidities mask and delay the diagnosis and are the cause of inadequate therapies.

Objectives

In the present paper, we studied a cohort of patients with ASD, investigating the rates and types of psychiatric and medical comorbidities.

Methods

A retrospective study of psychiatric and medical comorbidities was carried out on a sample of 120 participants that met ASD criteria according to DSM-V. The patients were examined with a detailed medical history, physical examination, as well as some additional functional, imaging, laboratory and genetic investigations. The associated conditions considered were: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, intellectual disability, gastrointestinal symptoms, ophtalmologic manifestations, infections.

Results

Of the 120 ASD subjects referred, 25 (20.8%) received the diagnosis of epilepsy. ADHD was established in 24 cases (20%). IQ score was obtained in half of the patients, 43.3% of them presenting a severe intellectual disability (IQ<35). Respiratory disorders occured in 25% of the cases. Ophtalmological findings were observed in 9.1% of the cases. Other frequent comorbidities included motor disturbances and feeding problems.

Conclusions

A better understanding of comorbidities in ASD patients improves interdisciplinary collaboration, thus facilitating effective treatment programs.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Understanding of the prevalence of depression in a sample of gifted children by identifying the developmental trajectory of risk and protective factors
Authors: Vaivre-Douret L. , Hamdioui S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Developmental studies in infancy remain rare. Studies measuring depressive symptoms in gifted children are contradictory, considering more anxiety or depression than in non-gifted children. Furthermore, questionnaires or anxiety scales are used without taking into account all aspects of mood disorders and thus, rarely depression scales have been conducted.

Objectives

To refine the developmental trajectory of depression in a national sample of French gifted children by identification of the specific risk and protective factors.

Methods

A self-reported depression scale MDI-C (Multiscore-Depression-Inventory-for-Children) were sent to families to be administered to their gifted children from preschool to high school, aged from 4 to 20 years-old (IQ >125) looking for help from gifted associations. A larger wave of data collection on different aspects of child and family history was collected (pregnancy, term and delivery mode, neonatal period, psychomotor development, health, schooling, interpersonal relationships with family and friends, personality, parental socio-economic status).

Results

438 children (> 130) were eligible. Regarding anamnestic fields, Exploratory-Factor-Analysis highlighted six predictive factors of depression with eigenvalues from 1.09 to 3.17. Major factors explaining 62.96% of total variance are: Factor-1 “motor skills disorder” (14.53%). Factor-2 “positive family relationships” (14.04%). Factor-3 “positive social relationships with peers” (14.02%). Factor-4 “integration of social codes” (11.23%). Factor-6 “Learning disabilities and rehabilitation” (10.1%).

Conclusions

Our findings highlight specifics risk factors of depression in the field of learning disabilities or social cognition, while a good quality of social relationships since childhood seems to be a preventive factor.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Children’s mental health needs and access to specialized services in Mexico
Authors: Díaz-Castro L. , Márquez-Caraveo M. , Cornú-Rojas H. , Jaimes M. Martínez , García-Andrade M. , Cabello-Rangel H.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The prevalence of mental disorders (MD) is greater in children; however, they are the population with less help-seeking and access to mental health-care services (MHS).

Objectives

To explore the characteristics of help-seeking and access to specialized MHS in children with MD.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out from 2018 to 2019, in the Children’s Psychiatric Hospital and National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico City. Sample 397 children and 397 caregivers. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of both institutions. The patient’s family member was questioned on sociodemographic data and help-seeking to MHS. Sample’s descriptive statistics applying measures of central tendency, Inferential statistics with t-test for differences in means between groups (diagnosis), and one-way ANOVA to variables associated with the help-seeking to MHS.

Results

Children´s sample: 37% female, average age 12 years (SD± 3.6), 51% had diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder (HD), 34% depressive disorder (DD). The children´s age at the time of seeking healthcare was different according to the diagnosis: DD 10.1 (SD ± 4.5) and HD 6.95 (SD ± 3.4), (T = -3.18, p = 0.000); and by sex: girls 10.9 (SD ± 4.5), boys 7.85 (SD ± 4.0); (T = -3.07, p = 0.000). The mother was the first person to notice the symptoms.

Conclusions

The search for MHS differs by sex, diagnosis and family history; it is necessary to design mental health interventions considering gender-based differences, namely, to integrate a gender perspective.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Emotional intelligence in patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: Impaired integration of emotions and decision-making
Authors: Belugina O.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Emotional intelligence (EI) is a fundamental requirement to maintaining social activity. Patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have difficulties in emotional awareness.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to assess EI in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Methods

Patients with psoriasis n=67, atopic dermatitis n=59 and control group n=65 were included in cross-sectional study. EI and its main components (experiential: perceiving emotions and using emotions to facilitate thought; strategic: understanding emotions and managing emotions to promote personal growth and social relations) were assessed using The Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test 2.0. Statistical analyses were performed using One-Way ANOVA and One-Way ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test). The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Data are presented as the Me (±SD).

Results

Our results show that there is statistically significant lower “strategic” component of EI for psoriasis Me=0.367 (±0.0455) and atopic dermatitis Me=0.369 (±0.0353) than for the control group Me= 0.381(±0.0361), (χ2 =7.15; p= 0.028). “Managing emotions to promote personal growth and social relations” is presented with statistically significant lower for psoriasis Me= 0,293 (±0.0374) and atopic dermatitis Me= 0.301 (±0.0351) than for the control group Me= 0.312 (±0.0272), (F=0.05; p=0.007). There is no statistically significant difference between other components of EI and the EI scores in three groups.

Conclusions

Patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have emotional difficulties when it comes to making effective decisions.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effect of vortioxetine on proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with heart failure and comorbid depression
Authors: Sikora A. , Fedorov S. , Pityk O. , Vynnyk M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Several studies have shown impaired cytokine status in both patients with depression and chronic heart failure (HF).

Objectives

to study the effect of vortioxetine on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines: interleukin -1β (IL-1β) and interleukin - 6 (IL-6).

Methods

there were examined 80 patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) of ischemic genesis with functional class (FC) II-III (NYHA), 37 patients were without depression, 43 - with mild or moderate depressive disorders. Those with mild or moderate depressive disorders were divided into 2 subgroups: 21 patients received psychotherapy, 22 patients, in addition to psychotherapy, were prescribed vortioxetine at a dose of 10 mg / day in the morning after meals. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. The level of cytokines in the blood was determined by ELISA method.

Results

Patients with CHF have an increase in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the concentration in the serum of IL-1β was 2.3 times higher than the same indicator in the control group: (56.45 ± 4.17) pg / ml, against (24.71 ± 4.21) pg / ml p <0.001). Depression caused an additional increase in the levels of IL-1β by 13.5% (p <0.05) and IL-6 - by 17.3% (p <0.01). Additional administration of vortioxetine caused a more rapid decrease in blood levels of both IL-1β (HR 0.87 [95% CI 0.72-0.97; p = 0.034]) and IL-6 (HR 0.81 [95% CI 0.68-0.93; p = 0.029]).

Conclusions

Thus, vortioxetine causes a decrease in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in patients with HF and comorbid depression.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The psychological impact of COVID-19 and lockdown measures among a sample of italian patients with eating disorders: A longitudinal study
Authors: Nisticò V. , Bertelli S. , Priori A. , Gambini O. , Demartini B.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown greatly impact on mental health, especially on individuals with pre-existing psychiatric conditions.

Objectives

To explore the prevalence of specific psychiatric symptoms across a sample of patients with Eating Disorder (ED), compared to a group of healthy controls (HC), during the lockdown period in Italy, and to assess whether patients’ symptoms improved, persisted or worsened with the easing of the lockdown measures.

Methods

Study 1: 59 ED patients and 43 HC were recruited and completed, at the beginning of May 2020(t0), an online survey including: the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – 21 items (DASS-21), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and few ad-hoc questions extracted from the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Study 2: 40 ED patients from Study 1 completed the same survey two months after t0 (t1).

Results

Study 1: ED patients scored significantly higher than HC at the DASS-21 (Total Score and subscales), the IES-R (Total Score and subscales) and the PSS. Moreover, they showed higher distress specifically related to food and their body. Study 2: at t1, levels of stress, anxiety and depression were not different than at t0, but symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) improved, together with patients’ reported level of psychological wellbeing and specific ED symptomatology.

Conclusions

During lockdown, ED patients presented significantly higher levels of stress, anxiety, depression, PTSD-related symptoms, and ED-related symptoms than HC. With the easing of lockdown, PTSD-related and ED-related symptoms ameliorated, but high levels of stress, anxiety and depression persisted.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The COVID-19 lockdown: Impact on the mental-wellbeing of out-patients with chronic medical conditions in a teaching hospital in nigeria
Authors: Ogunmodede A.J. , Buhari O. , Ogunmodede J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Lock-down restrictions were introduced in most countries of the world at the onset COVID-19 pandemic. It was associated with serious implications for healthcare delivery, with affectation of access to medical services for patients with chronic medical conditions. It is important to assess the impact of this on the subjective feeling of mental wellbeing in these patients.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the access to health care services during the lock-down as well the perceived affectation of the mental, physical and social wellbeing and their related factors in patients with chronic illnesses in Ilorin.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study, involving 166 patients being managed for different chronic medical conditions, attending the Medical Outpatient Clinics of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. A socio-demographic questionnaire and a structured questionnaire designed by the researchers was used.

Results

The mean age of all respondents was 49.5+18.5. 25.3% of respondents were being managed for heart-related conditions. 54 respondents(32.5%) reported a negative affectation of their mental wellbeing, which included changes in mood, sleep pattern and feelings of being overwhelmed and unable to cope properly. The age (p= 0.031) and employment status(p=0.015)of the patient were significantly associated with a subjective feeling of negative affectation of wellbeing.

Conclusions

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the mental well-being of patients with chronic medical conditions is significant and calls for a more strategic plan for delivery of health care services during pandemic situations with focus on the mental well being of patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The impact of COVID-19 on eating disorders: A longitudinal study with assessments before and after the lockdown
Authors: Rossi E. , Cassioli E. , Castellini G. , Sanfilippo G. , Felciai F. , Monteleone A.M. , Ricca V.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 epidemic that spread in Italy in the early 2020, together with the general lockdown, are high-risk events for vulnerable populations who need high levels of assistance, such as patients with eating disorders (EDs).

Objectives

To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and lockdown on subjects suffering from EDs, considering previous vulnerabilities.

Methods

74 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) already on treatment and 97 healthy controls were evaluated between November 2019/January 2020 (T1), and again in April 2020, 6 weeks after the start of lockdown (T2). Patients were also evaluated at baseline (T0). At each assessment, general and ED psychopathology (SCL-90-R and EDE-Q) were assessed. Childhood abuse experiences (CTQ) and adult attachment (ECR-R) were investigated at T1, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (IES-R) at T2.

Results

Patients reported a significant increase in compensatory exercise; in addition, patients with BN and those who achieved remission at T1 showed a significant exacerbation of binge-eating. The longitudinal trend (T1-T2) of psychopathology was not different between patients and controls, however the expected benefit from treatment on ED psychopathology was significant only for AN, while no changes were noted in BN. Patients with BN reported more severe post-traumatic stress symptoms than AN and controls, and these symptoms correlated positively with prior traumatic experiences and an insecure attachment style.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 epidemic and lockdown had a significant impact on subjects with eating disorders, both by interfering with the treatment process and in terms of post-traumatic stress symptoms.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
New onset of mental disorders, lifestyle changes, and quality of relationships during COVID-19 in italian population
Authors: Caldirola D. , Cuniberti F. , Daccò S. , Defillo A. , Lorusso S. , Perna G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has been causing relevant public health and psychosocial consequences.

Objectives

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, lifestyle and personal relationships in the Italian general population.

Methods

An online survey spread between May and June 2020 to collect socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle, relationship, and mental health self-reported information. Mental disorder screening was performed by the Patient Health Questionnaire and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5.

Results

Participants were 2003, 1504 of which (75%) completed the entire questionnaire (1157 females, 77%). Among the completers who have not had any mental disorder before (n=524, 35%), 263 (51.7%) met cut-off scores for psychiatric diagnoses on the self-report psychiatric screeners during the pandemic (i.e., Major Depressive Disorder, 11.3%, with death thoughts in approximately half of the cases; Panic Disorder, 1.1%; Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 13%.3, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 13.2%, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 7.3%; Alcohol Abuse, 5.5%). In line with this, 39% of completers complained of insomnia, while 12% and 10% started using anxiolytics and antidepressants, respectively. Approximately 7-8 % of completers started/increased alcohol and/or nicotine consumption, 33% quitted/decreased physical activity, and 40% declared decreased sexual satisfaction. Approximately 21% and 38% declared worsening in relationship with partner and difficulty in child-caring, respectively.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic appears to be a risk factor for new onset of mental disorders and worsening in lifestyle and familial relationships in the Italian population. These results should be confirmed by clinical interviews, and may represent a starting point for further monitoring of the medium and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychiatric clinical profiles and pharmacological interactions in COVID-19 inpatients referred to a consultation liaison psychiatry unit
Authors: Arbelo N. , Sagué M. , López-Pelayo H. , Madero S. , Pinzón-Espinosa J. , Anmella G. , Gomes-Da-Costa S. , Ilzarbe L. , Llach C. , Cámara M. , Imaz M.L. , Pintor L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect mental health in different ways. There is little research about psychiatric complications in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to describe the psychiatric clinical profile and pharmacological interactions in COVID-19 inpatients referred to a Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) unit.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional retrospective study, carried out at a tertiary hospital in Spain, in inpatients admitted because of COVID-19 and referred to our CLP Unit from March 17,2020 to April 28,2020. Clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. The patients were divided in three groups depending on psychiatric diagnosis: delirium, severe mental illness (SMI) and non-severe mental illness (NSMI).

Results

Of 71 patients included (median [ICR] age 64 [54-73] years; 70.4% male), 35.2% had a delirium, 18.3% had a SMI, and 46.5% had a NSMI. Compared to patients with delirium and NSMI, patients with SMI were younger, more likely to be institutionalized and were administered less anti-COVID19 drugs. Mortality was higher among patients with delirium (21.7%) than those with SMI (0%) or NSMI (9.45%). The rate of side effects due to interactions between anti-COVID19 and psychiatric drugs was low, mainly drowsiness (4.3%) and borderline QTc prolongation (1.5%).

Conclusions

Patients affected by SMI were more often undertreated for COVID-19. However, the rate of interactions was very low, and avoidable with a proper evaluation and drug-dose adjustment. Half of the patients with SMI were institutionalized, suggesting that living conditions in residential facilities could make them more vulnerable to infection.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Evaluation of anxiety symptoms and depression in the general albanian population during quarantine
Authors: Elezi F. , Tomori S. , Tafani G.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Albanian authorities declared mandatory stay-at-home measures, closing businesses, schools and public places.

Objectives

To investigate the impact of these immediate changes on the mental wellbeing of the population.

Methods

Respondents (N=1678) from 18 to 60 years old were selected through a convenient sampling method. Questionnaires were administered online reporting time spent daily in the COVID-19 topic and genealities; the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.

Results

Findings suggest a significant negative correlation between age and anxiety scoring (r(n=1678)=-.121, p≤.001) and age and depression scoring (r(n=1678)=-.232, p≤.001), shown also on the ANOVA test for age and anxiety (F=6.019, p≤.05) and age and depression (F=20.326, p≤.05). Differences on the level of education resulted in a lower score of anxiety and depression respectively (F=3.524, p≤.05), (F=7.739, p≤.05) on respondents with higher education. Those who were jobless from the pandemic scored higher on anxiety and depression respectively (F=9.760, p≤.05) (M=6.21, ds=4.686) and (F=16.051, p≤.05) (M=8.18, ds=5.791). Significant differences were found related to different amounts of time spent on the COVID-19 topic, respectively for anxiety and depression (F=25.736, p≤.001), (F=5.936, p≤.003), with people who spend less than 1 hour scoring higher on depression (M=7.57, ds= 5.849) and those who spend more than 3 hours scoring higher on anxiety (M=6.76, ds=5.60).

Conclusions

Higher education individuals, having a job and being in a romantic relationship relate to lower levels of depression during Covid-19 quarantine in Albania. Spending more time on the COVID-19 topic daily and being a female relate to higher level of anxiety.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical profile of patients admitted in an acute psychiatric ward before and during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Palomo A. Giménez , Baldaquí N. , Colomer L. , Gutiérrez F. , Pujal E. , Barrio P. , Bioque M. , Vieta E. , Pacchiarotti I.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic entailed several changes in health and medical assistance, economy, and lifestyle. In the Acute Psychiatric Ward of the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, the implementation of restrictive measures was necessary in order to ensure patients’ safety.

Objectives

To compare clinical profiles and course of hospitalization of patients admitted before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in our Acute Psychiatric Ward.

Methods

All patients admitted from January 7th to February 25th and from March 19th to May 7th of 2020 in the Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization Unit of Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain, were retrospectively included for analysis and divided into two groups according to the period when they were admitted. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, 23.0 version.

Results

A total of 117 inpatients were included (73 admitted before lockdown and 44 during lockdown), being 50.4% male, with a mean age of 42.4 (SD 15.73). Patients from the first group presented a significantly higher proportion of antidepressants prescription at discharge (p<0.05) and more substance use disorders (p<0.05). Regarding the lockdown group, 51% of patients manifested COVID-19-related stress. Time of hospitalization was significantly lower in the lockdown group (p<0.05), even though a significantly higher proportion of patients were discharged at home (p<0.05) compared with the first group.

Conclusions

The situation of lockdown led to a series of changes in our unit and also in the profile of patients admitted, having shorter admissions, lower prescription of antidepressants, and often COVID-related stress. These differences should be considered in future situations in which restrictive measures may be necessary.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The perception of individuals in society about protection measures from COVID-19 infection: The example of turkey
Authors: Oflaz F. , Atkan F.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The course of the epidemics such as COVI9 -19 and SARS has taught us that the management of the epidemic depends primarily on people’s adherence to and implementation of the recommended measures.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the knowledge and opinions of individuals about COVID-19 and transmission methods, sources of information, application status about protection measures and related factors.

Methods

1444 people participated into the digital survey between March 22-April 6, 2020 for this descriptive study. For data collection, a 12-questions questionnaire consisting of questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, information sources they used about the COVID-19, their thoughts the practices to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 was conducted. Using descriptive statistics and comparison tests, individuals’ perceptions about methods of protection from Covid-19 and related variables were investigated.

Results

The participants have had sufficient knowledge about Covid-19 and measures.They were using social media platforms, official web sites and TV news to get information about the COVID-19. The rates of believing and applying measures such as staying distant from people, washing hands, staying at home, avoiding from public transportation, using alcohol disinfectants were quite high. The women, people living in large cities, healthcare workers, regular commuters to work believed in measures more, however, their level of anxiety and seeing themselves and their environment at risk were higher.

Conclusions

Despite all the positive results regarding coronavirus infection and protection measures, the fact that the epidemic is spreading rapidly indicates the need for studies to continuously evaluate what has changed in the process and as time increases.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Two-eyed seeing as a philosophy to facilitate communication between indigenous counselors and psychiatry about mind and mental health
Authors: Mainguy B. , Mehl-Madrona L.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The term “two-eyed seeing” is spreading across North America as a concept for explanatory pluralism. The concept was brought into academic science by Albert Marshall, a M’iqmaq from Nova, Scotia, Canada. It speaks to the idea that indigenous knowledge is an equally valid way of conceptualizing a phenomenon as is contemporary science. Marshall’s famous example compares a traditional M’iqmaq story about the origins of the large tides in the Bay of Fundy with contemporary oceanographic geology findings and simulations.

Objectives

We wanted to explore how this two-eyed seeing model could be applied to mental health to facilitate a dialogue between psychiatry and traditional cultural healers.

Methods

We reviewed the existing literature on two-eyed seeing within mental health care using PubMed, IndexMedicus, OneSearch, and Google Scholar. We presented a course on two-eyed seeing for indigenous mental health services and two-eyed seeing for addressing trauma in indigenous communities and surveyed the participants about the two-eyed seeing concept. We offered this course primarily to providers within indigenous communities and also for other interested counsellors.

Results

Participants in our trainings were enthusiastic about the role of two-eyed seeing for improving communication among indigenous providers and patients and non-indigenous providers. Most indigenous counselors had not heard of two-eyed seeing and were quite enthusiastic about its affirming nature and how it gave them a basis for dialogue with non-indigenous practitioners.

Conclusions

Two-eyed seeing allows a rich dialogue between European-derived practitioners and indigenous people that enabls each to appreciate the other’s perspectives, leading to greater cooperation and collaborative treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Baseline EEG-correlates of responders/non-responders to combined antidepressive treatment including transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Iznak E. , Iznak A. , Oleichik I.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Use of combined antidepressive treatment included high-frequency rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is one of the ways for overcoming of pharmaco-resistance in depressive patients.

Objectives

The aim of the study was the search for possible EEG predictors of antidepressive effects of rTMS of the left DLPFC in combined treatment of depression.

Methods

30 female in-patients (F31.3, F33.0, F33.1, by ICD-10; 20-50 years, mean age 36.9±10.3) with pharmaco-resistant depression were enrolled in the study. Treatment included antidepressants (mainly SSRI) and a 3-week course of rTMS (20 Hz) of the left DLPFC. Correlations between pre-treatment EEG spectral power values, and post-treatment quantitative clinical assessments of patients were analyzed. Responders/non-responders were determined by standard criteria of 50% decrease in HDRS-17 scale total scores after treatment course.

Results

Responders (23 out of 30) revealed significant (p<0.05) negative correlations between post-treatment HDRS-17 scores and pre-treatment EEG spectral power in theta-2 (6-8 Hz) and alpha-1 (8-9 Hz) frequency sub-bands in the parietal-occipital-posterior temporal leads. Non-responders (7 out of 30) showed negative correlations between the post-treatment HDRS-17 scores and pre-treatment theta-2 EEG spectral power in the frontal-central-temporal regions of the right hemisphere.

Conclusions

Even brief course of rTMS of the left DLPFC enhances the action of antidepressants, and allows overcoming partially the pharmaco-resistance in depressive patients. Baseline values of theta-2 and alpha-1 EEG spectral power may serve as possible predictors of the effects of combined antidepressive therapy including rTMS. The study supported by RBRF grant No.18-01-00029a.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Individual dynamics of daily life functioning of reward system can predict future level of depressive symptoms
Authors: Kuranova A. , Martinez A. , Wichers M. , Wigman J. , Booij S.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The reward system regulates the processes that motivate people to pursue evolutionary beneficial stimuli. Effective functioning of the reward system can protect against the development of anhedonia. In the daily life, the reward system can be expressed as the dynamic interplay of positive affect (liking), reward anticipation (wanting), and active behavior (engaging). Applying network analysis to daily life experience data allows us to identify such reward dynamics and use them to predict future depressive symptoms.

Objectives

We investigated whether at baseline (i) higher network positive affect in-strength, reflecting how strongly positive affect is influenced by other components and hence the level of anhedonia, and (ii) higher network connectivity, reflecting overall functioning of the reward system, are associated with fewer depressive symptoms on follow-up.

Methods

We used data from 43 participants with mild depressive symptoms from the SMARTSCAN study. The dynamic interplay between momentary positive affect, reward anticipation, and active behavior was assessed with individual vector-autoregressive models and the network analysis. Network positive affect in-strength and connectivity indices were used to predict a six-month depressive symptoms trajectory.

Results

Reward systems networks vary greatly between individuals. On the group level, higher positive affect in-strength (Beta=-3.66, p=0.05) and network connectivity (Beta=-4.06, p=0.03) at baseline were associated with fewer symptoms at follow-up.

Conclusions

Higher influences of reward anticipation and active behavior on positive affect and stronger connections between reward cycle components are associated with fewer future symptoms, suggesting the importance of daily life reward cycle dynamics in depression.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Potential of antithrombin III as a biomarker of antidepressive effect in major depressive disorder
Authors: Song R. , Shi Y.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Previous study has identified increased antithrombin III (ATIII) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), supporting ATIII as a potential biomarker for depression diagnosis.

Objectives

This study aimed to reveal the alteration of ATIII after occipital repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and illuminate its power to evaluate and predict the curative effects in MDD treatment.

Methods

A total of 90 MDD patients were recruited and further intervened with rTMS in occipital for individualized, standard or sham treatment for five days. Those of 74 patients underwent entire detection, including clinical assessments, blood collection and protein measurement.

Results

After treatment, decreased ATIII were detected in both the individualized and the standard group (p=0.000 and 0.001, respectively) instead of the sham one. Especially, the reduction in ATIII in the individualized group was associated with improvements in several neuropsychological assessments. Besides, ATIII at baseline in the standard group and after the individualized rTMS showed high performance to evaluate or predict the response to the 5-day treatment (AUC=0.771, 95%CI, 0.571-0.971; AUC=0.875, 95%CI, 0.714-1.000, respectively) and the remission in follow-up (AUC=0.736, 95%CI, 0.529-0.943; AUC=0.828, 95%CI, 0.656-1.000, respectively). Furthermore, both baseline ATIII and change in ATIII involved in the prediction of 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale in the follow-up study with significant predictive values (p=0.0240 and 0.0233, respectively).

Conclusions

This study detected a reduction in ATIII after occipital rTMS, further revealed the relationships between change in ATIII and therapeutic response, and ultimately provided evidence for the potential of ATIII as a biomarker for the evaluation and prediction of antidepressive effect.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Identification of risk-factors for the development of depressive symptoms in perinatal period: A longitudinal study
Authors: Vece A. , Tarantino G. , Carfagno M. , Raia M. , Ciampi C. , Vincenzo M. Di , Pitocco A. , Sampogna G. , Luciano M. , Torella M. , Fiorillo A.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Perinatal depression is a severe and disabling condition, which affects negatively both mothers’ and children’s mental health and well-being. About 12.8% of pregnant women report depressive symptoms in the perinatal period.

Objectives

The aims of the present study are to: 1) identify factors (socio-demographic and clinical) associated with an increased risk of developing PD; 2) promote a screening program on PD.

Methods

All pregnant women were assessed at each trimester of pregnancy, three days after the childbirth and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Women scoring ≥10 on the EPDS were invited to receive a full psychiatric evaluation to confirm the diagnosis.

Results

420 women were recruited. 52.9%, 27.6% and 31.6% of participants presented an EPDS≥ 10 score at The I, II and III trimester of pregnancy, respectively. The percentage of patients with and EPS score ≥19 is 16.6%, 6.8%, 6.8%, 11.3% and 7.8% in 3 days following the childbirth and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Higher EPDS scores are predicted by the presence of anxiety symptoms before pregnancy and of depressive and anxiety symptoms in previous pregnancies (p<0.05). Women with family conflicts and with anxiety symptoms in the partner are more likely to report higher EPDS scores (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our results confirm that perinatal depression is a highly prevalent condition. An early identification of depressive symptoms during this period is crucial in order to reduce the long-term negative impact on the mothers, the newborn and other family members.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A specific “at risk” profile related to recent stressful life events in euthymic major depressive disorder
Authors: Serafini G. , Gonda X. , Aguglia A. , Amerio A. , Canepa G. , Geoffroy P. , Pompili M. , Amore M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Stressful life events (SLE) may influence the illness course and outcome.

Objectives

The present study aimed to characterize socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of euthymic major depressive disorder (MDD) outpatients with SLE relative to those without.

Methods

This sample included 628 (mean age=55.1 ± 16.1) currently euthymic MDD outpatients, among them 250 (39.8%) reported SLE and 378 (60.2%) did not.

Results

After univariate analyses, outpatients with SLE were most frequently widowed and lived predominantly with friends/others. Furthermore, compared to outpatients without SLE, those with SLE were more likely to have a family history of suicidal behavior, manifested melancholic characteristics and higher Coping Orientation to the Problems Experienced (COPE) positive reinterpretation/growth and less likely to manifest a comorbid panic disorder, residual interepisodic symptoms, have used psychiatric medications, and use current antidepressant medications. After regression analyses, having a family history of suicide (OR=9.697; p=≤.05), history of psychotropic medications use (OR=2.888; p=≤.05), and reduced use of antidepressants (OR=.321; p=.001) were significantly associated with SLE. Mediation analyses demonstrated that the association between current use of antidepressants and SLE was mediated by previous psychiatric medications.

Conclusions

Having a family history of suicide, history of psychotropic medications use, and reduced use of antidepressants may confer a specific “at risk” profile related to the enhanced vulnerability to experience SLE.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Program esilence 1.0 - self-regulation program in food education via instagram-loricorps, study protocol
Authors: Lemieux V. , Monthuy-Blanc J. , Moreau N.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Social medias are seen as a risk factor for mental health because they increase body dissatisfaction and decrease self-esteem. This program is based on alimentation and physical well-being by relying on integrated intuitive eating and physical self-esteem. This program, implemented in a community setting use social media (i.e. Instagram-Loricorps), is composed of 12 monthly 180-second video capsule that address themes related to the promotion of body sensations and intuitive movement.

Objectives

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of the program into the physical environment targeting the physical self-perceptions (PSP). Specifically, this study evaluates whether the eSILENCE 1.0 Program improves the level of PSP related to nutrition and explores the changes in the level and variability of the PSP.

Methods

This project is a mixed sequential explanatory study. 300 participants (Experimental Group [EG; N=200], Control Group [CG; N=100]) are targeted. Online nomothetic questionnaires evaluate occupational changes and PSP in relation to alimentation and are completed by the EG and the CG at pre-test, mid-test and post-test. Online idiographic questionnaires assess PSP and are completed by the EG before and after each video capsule and by the CG once a month without viewing the capsules. Following a preliminary analysis, a focus group will be formed to explain and deepen these results. Participants (N=5) will be recruited voluntarily into the EG.

Results

to come.

Conclusions

Analysis of quantitative data will be used to assess the effectiveness of the program and analysis of qualitative data will provide an in-depth understanding of the linkages between the variables.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Dysregulated sexuality and childhood trauma in eating disorders: Psychopathological, biological, and behavioural correlates
Authors: D’Anna G. , Castellini G. , Rossi E. , Cassioli E. , Appignanesi C. , Monteleone A.M. , Rellini A.H. , Ricca V.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Sexual dysfunction is common in eating disorders (EDs), but its relevance is often overlooked.

Objectives

To describe different ED clinical subgroups in terms of psychopathology, putative biological correlates, and consequences of dysregulated sexuality, focusing on the role of childhood trauma.

Methods

Healthy controls (n=60), binge-purging (n=38), and restricting patients (n=24) were compared (age- and BMI-adjusted ANOVA; Bonferroni post-hoc tests), using total scores of Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Emotional Eating Scale (EES), SCL-90-R Global Severity Index (GSI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Female Sexual Functioning Index (FSFI), Hypersexual Behaviour Inventory (HBI), and patients’ hormonal profiles (gonadal and pituitary hormones, ghrelin). Self-reported voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) and promiscuous sexual activity were recorded. For ED patients (N=62), regression analyses between significant variables and HBI were carried, applying moderation models for different CTQ scores.

Results

Table 1 outlines significant between-group comparisons (°: different from controls; *: different from restricting patients; p<0.05). Binge-purging patients had higher FSH, LH, and ghrelin levels, more VTPs and promiscuity. HBI showed significant correlations with EES, SCL-90-R-GSI, DERS, CTQ, and ghrelin levels. CTQ moderated interactions for DERS and EES (Figure 1).Binge-purgingRestrictingControlsFEDE-Q3.86±1.20°3.41±1.64°0.85±0.8367.32EES40.85±22.74°*16.01±15.8819.87±15.217.01SCL-90-R GSI1.73±0.65°1.27±0.69°0.68±0.4420.32BIS-1162.47±9.91°60.81±8.5657.04±10.044.99DERS106.97±29.15°*83.97±33.1278.14±14.1210.21CTQ55.32±21.06°49.31±10.81°38.02±8.3215.24FSFI17.32±11.89°*11.70±10.98°29.32±7.4524.02HBI28.75±13.89*20.56±3.1226.11±4.904.92

Conclusions

Dysregulated sexuality is linked to emotion dysregulation and childhood trauma. Binge-purging patients experience adverse behavioural consequences.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Prevalence and treatment of patients with eating disorders: Data of a german health insurance
Authors: Herrmann K. , Kaluscha R. , Liebert A. , Wietersheim J. Von
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Few studies have examined the course of eating disorders and the respective treatments based on insurance data, even though they provide representative information.

Objectives

To assess the epidemiology, treatments, duration of illness, costs of treatment in a data set of a public health insurance.

Methods

Data provided by a German health insurance (data from 4.2 million members from 2005-2010). A matched control group based on age and gender without an eating disorder diagnosis was used for comparisons.

Results

2.734 cases with the diagnoses of an eating disorder (anorexia nervosa AN, bulimia nervosa BN or combination ANBN) were identified. More than 92% of the patients were female. The relative risk for personality disorders, depressive disorders, alcohol abuse and obsessive-compulsive disorders was highly increased. Most of the patients with BN (53.04%) or AN (41.57%) were treated in out-patient care, and many were only treated for three months, whereas most of the patients with ANBN were treated for a longer time. 3-19% with BN, AN or ANBN were treated only in in-patient care. The in-patient costs of treatment for the year of the diagnosis were 5471.15€ for BN, 9080.26€ for AN, 10809.16€ for ANBN and 339.37€ for the control group.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that patients with ANBN diagnosis have a severe and longer course of treatment. Furthermore, contrary to national guidelines for eating disorders, there is a considerable proportion of patients with BN or AN that are treated only in in-patient care.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Cortisol, anxiety and cognitive responses to trier social stress test: The first multiple levels assessment of the rdoc “system for social process” in eating disorders
Authors: Ruzzi V. , Cascino G. , Raia M. , Sollo V. , Monteleone A.M.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Social dysfunction is a putative risk and maintaining factor for Eating Disorders (EDs).

Objectives

We aimed to assess biological, emotional, and cognitive responses to a psychosocial stressor, in order to provide a multilevel investigation of the RDoC social process system in EDs.

Methods

Cortisol response to Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was measured in 105 subjects: 35 women with anorexia nervosa (AN), 32 with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 38 healthy women. In a subgroup of them (23 AN, 21 BN, and 25 control women) anxiety, hunger, and desire to eat throughout the TSST were also rated.

Results

Compared to healthy women, AN and BN women showed reduced cortisol reactivity that disappeared after controlling for trait anxiety and ineffectiveness. They also displayed increased anxiety response, while only people with AN reported greater decrease in hunger and desire to eat. Baseline ineffectiveness predicted post-stress body dissatisfaction through the mediation of post-stress anxiety while no significant correlations were found between cortisol and anxiety, hunger, or desire to eat responses

Conclusions

People with EDs are characterized by blunted cortisol reactivity and greater anxiety, hunger, and desire to eat responses to a psychosocial stressor. We show a relationship between socio-emotional distress and ED-related attitudes without an association between biological and emotional or cognitive changes. This study provides the first empirical and multilevel support to a deranged functioning of the RDoC “system for social process” in EDs.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.