bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in incidence and clinical spectrum of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a 10-year retrospective study in a rural teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Sherin Sabu Sanoop Kumar , Paul Vergis , Mathew Deepu J. E. , Jacob T. M. , T. M. Celine
Published: December 2018

Background: EPTB, remains a great mimicker in spite of availability of new diagnostic tools. The data available in different literatures and national record remain inconclusive. This study aims to find the change in incidence and clinical spectrum of EPTB during 10 years in the proposed study center.Methods: Retrospective, medical records based study, on patients newly diagnosed to have EPTB, at MOSC-MCH, Kolenchery, Kerala, India from 1-01-2006 to 31-12-2015.Results: Among the 1488 new cases of tuberculosis 665 (44.7%) had EPTB and 823 (55.3%) had pulmonary TB (PTB). There was a consistent rise in annual number of new cases of EPTB from 2007 to 2013. Lymph-node, 31% (n=203) and pleural effusion 26% (n= 126) are common sites. There was female gender predominance in the age group of 18-44 years. Commonest site of lesion in females as well as in males was lymph node TB (n=121, 35.9% and n=82, 25% respectively). Pleural effusion and genital TB showed a male predominance.Conclusions: Incidence of EPTB shows an increasing trend from 2006 to 2015 in this study which is in contrast to the falling state and national trends. In the global TB reports, India has underestimated TB data between 2000 and 2015. The rising trend of new cases in our study centre can be the impact of immigrant labourers or may be due to increased referred cases to this tertiary centre. Further multicentre studies and studies among the immigrant labourers should be done to evaluate this.
A comparative analysis of urine trypsinogen-2 test strip with serum lipase in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in emergency set-up
Authors: Mishra Jagmohan , Mishra Biplab , Firodous Afroza
Published: December 2018

Background: Acute pancreatitis possess difficulty in diagnosis in its emergency presentation. Hence to segregate this disease is important from other specific or non-specific causes of acute abdomen. Hence in suspected cases in majority of patients the urinary trypsinogen-2 test strip (Actim pancreatitis) can be used to detect this disease, especially in emergency set-up. The result of the strip test is then corroborated with findings of serum lipase in the blood.Methods: Author prospectively compared 205 consecutive patients with acute abdominal pain admitted to the casualty, SCB Medical College and Hospital. The patients were tested on admission with the Actim pancreatitis test strip. Serum amylase, serum lipase, and urine trypsinogen-2 concentrations were also determined quantitatively.Results: The Actim pancreatitis test strip was sensitive in 93% cases and specific in 92% cases. This was superior to that of serum lipase (sensitivity 77% and specificity 87%). With a cut-off >3x the upper reference limit, the sensitivity of serum lipase was only 52% while the specificity was 98%. The high sensitivity for the Actim pancreatitis test strip resulted in every high negative predictive value of 99%.Conclusions: In patients with acute abdominal pain seen in emergency department, a negative dipstick for urinary trypsinogen-2 rules out acute pancreatitis with high degree of probability and therefore appears to be more suitable for screening of acute pancreatitis. With its high specificity with a cut-off >3x the upper reference limit, serum lipase is suitable as a confirmatory test for pancreatitis when a positive dipstick result is obtained.
Efficacy of OPD based rigid sigmoidoscopy in diagnosing the patients with bleeding per rectum
Authors: Parmar Hardik , R. Arun , Chauhan Sahdevsinh , Sutaria Akshay
Published: December 2018

Background: The aim of study was to evaluate the patients with bleeding per rectum by rigid sigmoidoscopy and to know the various causes of bleeding per rectum in our OPD population and to select the best approach to treat the underlying pathology.Methods: A total 63 patients with bleeding per rectum in whom cause could not be ascertained by routine methods like proctoscopy were considered from outpatient department form January 2017 to June 2018 for the study. Out of 63 patients, rigid sigmoidoscopy done in 31 patients and results were documented. All 31 patients were undergone for complete clinical examination and rigid sigmoidoscopic examination in the surgical OPD and routine blood, urine and stool investigations were also done.Results: Out of 31 cases in which sigmoidoscopic examination has been done, definitive source of bleeding is identified in 22 cases (70.97%) and in 9 cases (29.03%), the source of bleeding could not be detected by rigid sigmoidoscope.Conclusions: Rigid sigmoidoscopy has a very high diagnostic yield (approximately 71% in this study) in patients with bleeding per rectum which could not be detected by routine ano proctoscopy. Hence rigid sigmoidoscopy would be recommended in the workup of patients presenting with bleeding per rectum and it also serves an equally important function in excluding serious colonic lesions like malignancy and enables us to reassure the patient.
A study to evaluate the factors influencing seroma formation after breast cancer surgery at tertiary care centre
Authors: P. Suresh B. , G. Sachin H. , Naidu Madhukar , Gopalkrishna Varsha
Published: December 2018

Background: In the world, breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy affecting women and stands second in cancer related deaths amongst women. Surgical intervention remains the main stay of treatment. Seroma formation is one of the predominant complications of breast cancer surgery, the cause remaining obscure and with multiple casual provenience. In view of this, we collected data to determine the factors related to incidence of seroma formation in our patients and increase its scope and hence attempt to contravene it.Methods: A retrospective study of 83 carcinoma breast patients who underwent breast cancer surgery from 1st January 2014 to 31st August 2018. Data regarding the following variables compared with age of the patient, BMI, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor size, postoperative exercises/physiotherapy, use of cautery, number of lymph nodes removed, use of closed suction drainage, initial and 72hrs wound drainage. We used chi square and T test methods for statistical analysis of data in our study.Results: The overall seroma formation rate was estimated to be 27%. Factors identified to be significantly related to the formation of seroma are the following: age >45 yrs, tumor size >3cm, number of positive lymph nodes, BMI >30 and total lymph nodes removed, type of surgery.Conclusions: To prevent seroma formation, it is important to identify individual risk factors of seroma formation i.e. the identification of predictive variables which will be vital in designing future trails aimed at reducing the incidence of this common complications of breast cancer surgery.
Obstructed obturator hernia containing Meckel’s diverticulum: a case report
Authors: Jain Sharad , Maida Motilal , Patil Sagar Manohar
Published: December 2018

An obturator hernia is a rare type of hernia and unusual cause of acute intestinal obstruction. The combination of diagnostic difficulty and high mortality rates make obturator hernia a serious diagnosis that can be potentially overlooked. We present a case of an elderly multiparous woman presented at the emergency room with complaints of abdominal distension, pain, vomiting and constipation for the last 4 days. On examination abdominal tenderness with distension was noted. Hernial orifices were normal. A CT and MRI reports were suggestive of right obstructed obturator hernia. Patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy. The hernial sac contained a narrow neck Meckel's diverticulum with perforation of proximal ileum. Resection of perforated segment along with Meckel's diverticulum was done and end to end ileo-ileal anastomosis was performed. Obturator foramen was closed with simple polypropylene sutures. CT/MRI scan is of immense help in preoperative diagnosis. Once the diagnosis is suspected or confirmed, patient should be taken for surgery as early as possible.
Annular pancreas in adults: a tertiary care institute experience and review of literature
Authors: Senthil Kumar Perumal , Sugi R. V. Subramaniam , Jeswanth Sathyanesan , Ravichandran Palaniappan
Published: December 2018

Annular pancreas (AP) in adults is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of ectopic pancreatic tissue surrounding the second part of the duodenum. This rare embryologic abnormality is usually detected after development of complications or as incidental finding in most cases. Diagnosis and treatment strategies for symptomatic adult AP remain controversial. No clearly defined specific guidelines and treatment protocols exist about management of adult AP, therefore, treatment and operative approaches must be individualized for each patient. It is always prudent to consider the possible post-operative complications, surgical treatment should be reserved only for cases where there is complete obstruction.
rojective distortion correction algorithm at low altitude photographing
Authors:   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Kholopov I. ,   Joint Stock Company Ryazan State Instrument-making Enterprise
Published: December 2018

An algorithm for projective geometric distortion correction of images at low altitude shooting with a virtual camera is considered. The algorithm is based on the orientation of the virtual camera so that its optical axis is collinear with the normal to the plane of shooting and evaluating a homography matrix linking the coordinates of corresponding pixels of the real and virtual cameras. The homography matrix evaluation is possible based on information from additional sensors – an angular orientation sensor and a rangefinder, or altimeter. Their signals allow one to estimate the camera angular orientation and the distance to the observed plane. The impact of the angular orientation error, estimated using a triaxial microelectromechanical accelerometer, on a criterion-based correction quality is investigated. The experimental results with pre-calibrated cameras Logitech C270 and uEye RE 5240 show that when the roll and pitch errors of the camera orientation are no more than 1° then the correction algorithm with the virtual camera provides a quality index value of at least 0.97.
Tight focusing of laser light using a surface plasmon polariton in a silver nano-strip and nano-ring on silica glass
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute оf the RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Samara National Research University, Kozlova E. , Kotlyar V. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf the RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2018

In this work a solitary surface plasmon-polariton was obtained by using a frequency-dependent finite difference time-domain method for the TM- and radially polarized light at 532 nm, which was propagated through silver nano-elements (a nano-strip and a nano-ring), placed in an aqueous medium. The device's height and width were equal to 20 nm and 215 nm respectively. The intensity of surface plasmon-polariton was four times higher than that of the incident radiation. The full width at half maximum of the nanojet was 138 nm and 158 nm for the case of using a nano-strip and a nano-ring respectively.The results can be used to design devices that allow capturing and moving particles in water or other biofluids.
Design, simulation, and fabrication of silicon-on-insulator MEMS vibratory decoupled gyroscope
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Verma P. , Pavelyev V. ,   Samara National Research University, Volodkin B. ,   Samara National Research University, Tukmakov K. ,   Samara National Research University, Reshetnikov A. ,   Samara National Research University, Andreeva T. ,   Samara National Research University, Fomchenkov S. ,   Samara National Research University, Khonina S. ,   Samara National Research University,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

This paper reports the design and fabrication of a 2-degree-of-freedom (DOF) decoupled vibratory gyroscope based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MEMS process. The 2-DOF capacitive comb structure is deliberately designed to have a decoupled drive and sense mode oscillation to prevent the unstable operation due to mechanical coupling, resulting in a low zero rate out-put drift. It is well known that the closer are the drive and sense resonances, the higher is the angular rate resolution of the gyroscope. Generally, this is achieved by using symmetric suspensions, but it results in a reduced bandwidth. The proposed design has been configured to achieve a bandwidth of about 150 Hz, while ensuring the decoupled operation of the drive and sense modes. An analytical method has been employed to study the steady state response of the 2-DOF structure. FEM analysis has been carried out in CoventorWare® MEMS Design software and the simulation results show that the drive resonance occurs at 21.48 kHz and sense resonance at 21.63 kHz, which are in close agreement with the theoretical results. The structure is designed with a 15 µm thick device layer. Fabrication of the design is proposed using a two mask process based on Deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) and sacrificial wet release etching on a SOI wafer. DRIE etching with an aspect ratio of 1:5 has been successfully carried out as desired and the results have been presented.
Algorithm for calculation of the power density distribution of the laser beam to create a desired thermal effect on technological objects
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Murzin S. , Bielak R. ,   Vienna University of Technology, Liedl G. ,   Vienna University of Technology
Published: December 2018

Based on the use of methods for solving the inverse problem of heat conduction, we developed an algorithm for calculating the power density distribution of the laser beam to create a desired thermal effect on technological objects. It was shown that the redistribution of power density of moving distributed surface heat sources can adjust the temperature distribution in the treated zone. The results of thermal processes calculation show the ability of the developed algorithm to create a more uniform temperature field across the width of the heat affected zone. Equalization of maximum temperature values is achieved in the center and on the periphery of the heat affected zone with an increase in the width of the regions, where required temperature is reached. The application of diffractive optical elements gives an opportunity to obtain the required properties of treated materials in the heat affected zone. The research performed has enabled parameters of the temperature field in chrome-nickel-molybdenum steel to be adjusted for laser heat treatment. In addition to achieving uniform temperature conditions across the width of the heat affected zone, the proposed approach allows the increase of the width of the isotherms of the temperature fields; this provides an opportunity to process a larger area per unit time at the same laser beam power.
Face photo retrieval based on sketches
Authors:   West Pomeranian University of Technology, Kukharev G. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Shchegoleva N. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with the problem of the automatic retrieval of face photos using sketch drawings based on the witness description. We propose new methods for the generation of a sketch population from the initial one to improve the performance of sketch-based photo image retrieval systems. The method based on the computation of an average sketch from the generated population has been applied to increase the index of similarity in sketch-photo pairs. It is shown that such sketches are more similar to the original photographic images and their use leads to good results. Results of the experiments on CUHK Face Sketch and CUHK Face Sketch FERET databases and open access databases of photo-sketches pairs are discussed.
Erratum: Dynamic analysis of optical cell trapping in the ray optics regime
Authors:   Saratov State University, Klykov S. , Fedosov I. ,   Saratov State University, Tuchin V. ,   Saratov State University,   Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2018

In this additional part of the original paper [1], revised calculations and corrected equations are presented. Also some conclusions from the original paper are revised and discussed briefly.
Assessment of digital television signal processing for correction of interference distortions in single-frequency DVB networks
Authors:   Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications & Informatics, Karyakin V.
Published: December 2018

This research studies in which way the interference that occurs in Single-Frequency Networks for Digital Television broadcasting affects the reception quality in the overlapping service zones of transmitters. The article contains qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the interference distortion compensation in the receiver’s demodulator. The results were obtained using CADs VSS Applied Wave Research and ADS Agilent Technologies and allow us to evaluate a limiting value of the signal-to-echo-signal ratio for a given signal-to-noise ratio that provides the network operability. The DVB network operability in the presence of transmitter clocking depends on the stability margin, which is defined by the permissible value of a bit error rate (BER) within a threshold. From the obtained results it follows that the interference-impact threshold corresponds to the BER equal to 2 × 10-4. For below-threshold BER values, the reception becomes almost error-free due to the use of a Reed-Solomon decoder. Codec replacement in the second-generation DVB networks resulted in a significantly decreased BER threshold value to 10-2 – 10-3, which allowed the data transfer rate to be increased while keeping the stability margin in terms of the bit error rate. The developed method for studying the performance of digital broadcasting networks and systems allows causes behind the increase of BER to be identified in practice based on spectra and signal constellations diagrams, also enabling the comparison of various algorithms for the assessment of data channel performance and digital television signal processing in terms of the effective suppression of interference distortions.
Corrosion and Wear Properties of Cu-TiC Composites Produced by Hot Pressing Technique
Authors: AKKAŞ Mehmet , ISLAK Serkan , ÖZORAK Cihan
Published: December 2018

Cu-xTiC (x=0, 1, 5, 10 and 15
wt.%) composites were prepared by hot pressing (HP) technique. The
microstructure, corrosion and wear features of Cu matrix composites (CMCs) were
investigated. The wear surfaces and microstructure of the CMCs were analyzed
using SEM-EDS. Phases of samples were identified by means of XRD. Hardness
measurements of the composites were made using a microhardness device. Hardness
tests showed that the hardness tends to increase with increasing TiC amount. Wear
properties of the CMCs were determined using ball-on-disc method. Significant
decreases in wear rates were observed in composites reinforced with TiC. The corrosion
properties of the composites were characterized by potentiostatic polarization
test. Corrosion results showed that the corrosion resistance of the composites
decreased with the increase of TiC content in Cu. Among the composites, Cu-1% TiC has the best
corrosion resistance.
O DESMONTE DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA E AS REPERCUSSÕES NA PRÁTICA DA ENFERMEIRA
Authors: Christófaro Maria Auxiliadora Córdova
Published: December 2018

Editorial
Brute Force Attack To Exploit Vvulnerabilities of Websites with CMS Content Management System
Authors: Aquino-Cruz M , Ibarra M , Peralta-Ascue M , Ilasaca-Cahuata E , Apaza-Tarqui A
Published: December 2018

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Development of a Web System-based Geographic Information System Technologies to Mapping Electromagnetic Fields: First Developments
Authors: Infante P , Quingatuña A , Nogales S , Hidalgo B , Flores T , Gilard F
Published: December 2018

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Instructional Design Methodological Proposal for the Training of Online Content Tutors
Authors: Aimacaña C , Pástor D , Arcos-Medina G , Vaca B , Oñate A
Published: December 2018

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The Knowledge of Palliative Care and the Attitude Toward it among the Nurses at Sabia General Hospital 2018
Authors: Bilal Manal
Published: December 2018

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge of Palliative Care and the attitude toward it among the nurses working in Sabia General Hospitals and to find out the association between the nursing staff, knowledge, attitude, and selected demographic variables.
Material and Methods: The author performed a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The total number of completed and returned questionnaires was 53, giving a 100% response rate. The study was conducted between December 2017 and January 2018 and a simple random sampling was performed among 53 nurses working in the Sabia General Hospital.
Methodology: For data collection, a self-administrative questionnaire was developed and used for assessment by the researcher. Nurses’ socio-demographic characteristics such as their age, gender, nursing qualification, department of work, work experience, training in caring terminally ill clients, and their knowledge of and attitude toward palliative care were assessed; the relation between socio demographic data and knowledge and attitude was also assessed. Results showed that respondents had fair knowledge of palliative care 27 (50.9%) and fair attitude 30 (56.6%). It was proved that there is a significant relation between knowledge and demographic data; p-value is 0.004.
Conclusion: Nurses showed poor knowledge toward palliative care and half of them showed a fair attitude.
بررسی ارتباط پلی¬مورفیسم تک نوکلئوتیدی rs1051730 ژن CHRNA3 و ابتلا به سرطان ریه در بیماران ایرانی
Authors: فلاحتی علی , مشتاقیون سید محمد , احمدی محبوبه
Published: December 2018

مقدمه: ناحیه کروموزومی 15q24/15q25.1 در طی سال ‌های اخیر به عنوان یک جایگاه حساسیت نسبت به سرطان ریه معرفی شده است. این ناحیه شامل ژن های CHRNA3، CHRNA5 و CHRNB4 می باشد که کدکننده زیر واحدهای گیرنده های استیل کولین نیکوتینی در مغز و ریه‌ها می‌باشند. ارتباط بین پلی مورفیسم های متعدد موجود در این ژن ها با خطر ابتلا به سرطان ریه به طور گسترده مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ارتباط پلی­مورفیسم rs1051730 C>T در ژن CHRNA3 با خطر ابتلا به سرطان ریه در بیماران ایرانی می‌باشد.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مورد- شاهدی، با استفاده از روش PCR-RFLP و تعیین توالی به بررسی ارتباط بین پلی‌مورفیسمrs1051730 C>T  و خطر ابتلا به سرطان ریه در 96 بیمار مبتلا به سرطان ریه و 100 فرد کنترل پرداخته شد. آنالیز وابستگی ژنوتیپ‌ها و آلل‌ها با بیماری در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، توسط نرم افزار آماری تخصصی R پکیج SNP assoc و تست‌های آماری شامل رگرسیون لجستیک، نسبت شانس، حدود اطمینان وχ2  مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
نتایج: مقایسه فراوانی­های آللی و ژنوتیپی در دو گروه بیمار وکنترل تفاوت چندانی بین این دو گروه نشان نداد (36/0=p ،19/0=(p. با بررسی­های آماری نیز ارتباط معنی‌داری بین این پلی­مورفیسم و خطر ابتلا به سرطان ریه در جمعیت مورد بررسی مشاهده نشد (342/1-239/0 CI=،566/0 OR=،194/0p=).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این بررسی نشان دهنده­ عدم وجود ارتباط معنی‌داری بین پلی­مورفیسم rs1051730 C>T و خطر ابتلا به سرطان ریه در جمعیت مورد بررسی بود. با این وجود، با توجه به نتایج متفاوت به دست آمده از جمعیت­های سایر مطالعات، بررسی‌‌های بیشتر به همراه افزایش حجم نمونه مورد بررسی توصیه می‌شود.
Phylogeny of HPV-16 and HPV-18 Multiple Infection of a Patient with Cervical Cancer from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung: A Case Report
Authors: Lestari Vera Amalia , Rini Ika Agus , Pradini Gita Widya , Sahiratmadja Edhyana , Susanto Herman
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: From all of human papillomaviruses (HPV) genotypes capable of causing cervical cancer, it is estimated that 70 percent are HPV-16 and HPV-18. HPV-16 can infect the tissues in single infection or together with other high-risk types of HPV, and the most common is with HPV-18. The origin of HPV can be identified by its phylogenetic tree. The aim of this study was to determine the phylogeny of HPV-16 and HPV-18 multiple infection in cervical cancer, whether both HPVs were from the same origin.METHODS: Cervical tissue biopsies (n=33) were obtained from Hasan Sadikin Hospital in the period of September to November 2016. HPV genotyping test was performed to confirm the HPV-16 and HPV-18 multiple infection. L1 gene of both HPV-16 and HPV-18 were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis.RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis of L1 HPV-16 and HPV-18 showed the closest relationship with sequence from China and Thailand, respectively.CONCLUSION: HPV-16 and HPV-18 multiple infection of a cervical cancer patient from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung showed a very close L1 phylogeny relationship with isolate from Asian region.KEYWORDS: HPV-16, HPV-18, multiple infection, cervical cancer, Bandung
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Medical School Musculoskeletal Curriculum at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Lalka Andy , Caldwell Ryan , Black Andrew , Scott Frank A
Published: December 2018

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are common medical problems encountered by physicians and affected 126.6 million Americans in 2012.  Musculoskeletal education has inadequate in United States medical schools.

Objective: To determine the musculoskeletal competency of third year medical students.

Methods: A cross-sectional 25-question nationally validated musculoskeletal competency exam was given to the third year medical students.  A survey was given to second and third year medical students to assess students’ level of interest in musculoskeletal medicine and their feedback regarding the curriculum.

Results:  The mean score of the competency exam was 69.0%.  There was 48/107 (44.9%) students’ who reached the minimum passing score of 70%.  Free-response feedback from both classes featured themes of more hands-on learning, a longer clinical block, and more small-group learning sessions.

Conclusions:  Third year medical students scored relatively well on the exam.  Student feedback suggests the 2-week musculoskeletal block is useful and relevant to their future careers.
Fen Bilimleri Dersine STEM Entegrasyonu Etkinliklerinin 5. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Bilimsel Yaratıcılıklarına Etkisi
Authors: GÜLHAN Filiz , ŞAHİN Fatma
Published: December 2018

Son yıllarda eğitim dünyasında önemi artan STEM
eğitiminin, sınıfta nasıl uygulanabileceği ve öğrenciler üzerindeki potansiyel
etkileri önemli birer araştırma konusu olmuştur. Bu araştırmanın problemi “Fen
Bilimleri dersine STEM entegrasyonu etkinliklerinin 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin
bilimsel yaratıcılıklarına etkisi nasıldır?” olarak belirlenmiştir. Durum
çalışmasının kullanıldığı araştırma, 2014-2015 eğitim-öğretim yılında
İstanbul’daki bir ortaokulda uygulanmıştır. Üç üniteye yönelik altı STEM
etkinliğinin on iki hafta süresince uygulandığı araştırmada etkinlikler, araştırmacılar
tarafından tasarlanmıştır. Öğrenciler heterojen yapıdaki işbirlikli takımlarla,
problemlere çözüm olabilecek tasarımlar yapmışlardır. Araştırmada kullanılan
veri toplama araçları; “bilimsel yaratıcılık soruları”, “öğrenci günlükleri”,
“tasarım kâğıtları”, “fotoğraflar ve sunum videoları”dır. Bu dokümanlar
“bilimsel yaratıcılık rubriği” ve “ürün değerlendirme rubriği” ile analiz
edilmiştir. Araştırmada STEM etkinliklerinin; öğrencilerin bilimsel
yaratıcılıklarına sınırlı düzeyde etkisinin olduğu, en üst yaratıcılık düzeyi
olan “yansıtıcı düşünme katmanı”nın gelişiminde daha etkili olduğu sonucuna
varılmıştır.
National Consciousness of the Russia’s Citizens after the 2014’th
Authors: Barash Raisa E.
Published: December 2018

The author applies to the data of sociological research in order to explore the dynamics of the judgments of the Russia’s citizens about the basic foundations of civil identity. The author concludes that the events of the post-Soviet history could not provide the Russian society with new reasons for unification into a political nation. However, as the sociological data demonstrates, the request for the basis either for the national solidarity or for collective pride is obvious. Such a request forces citizens to look for examples of solidarity in the relatively distant past. First of all, they look for the solidarity’s examples in the Soviet historical heritage. The events of the Soviet history are the key markers of national pride and the basic foundations of the Russia’s civil nation. The re-unification of Russia with Crimea in 2014 coincided with the request of the Russian society to search for the glorious reasons for collective pride. So the author notes that many Russia’s citizens perceive Crimean Peninsula as "a place of memory" (the category that was offered by Pierre Nora). The history of the region, primarily in its interpretation that one could find in the official Russian discourse, is inextricably associated with the history of the Russian state. On the other hand, Crimea by itself symbolizes the Soviet past, and many citizens of Russia conceive its accession as a vague prototype of the return of the USSR. So the mass jubilation over the annexation of Crimea, that one could see in Russia, comes not from the mass revanchist sentiments of citizens, but from their desire to "link" symbolically the Russia’s present with the glorious Soviet past.
Civil and Political Participation in the Conditions of Forming a Request for Change (on the Example Protest Actions Against Raising the Retirement Age)
Authors: Petuhov Roman V.
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the reasons why public discontent with pension reform did not grow into a mass political protest. Based on the results of public opinion polls, the author shows that dissatisfaction with the increase in the retirement age was truly widespread and had a significant impact on the social well-being of Russians, as well as their level of confidence in the main government and public-political institutions. However, irritation and disappointment of the population with the activities of the authorities did not escalate into mass political protest and were situational in nature. The main reasons for this are, first, the decline in the proportion of paternalistically oriented population, for whom state pension is relevant, and second, the lack of experience of social, civic and political participation among population groups interested in maintaining the old retirement benefit plan, and, third, the lack of interest of the active part of Russian society, first of all, of the urban middle class, in mainstreaming protest actions. Transformation of public discontent into mass political action, in the opinion of the author of the article, is possible only if an actor appears who is able to rise above the interests of certain social groups, and act as spokesman for the interests of society as a whole.
Cultural policy and social practice in the regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Komissarov Sergey N. , Soldatov Vladimir M.
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the practical experience of the participation of the authors of the article in the development and implementation of the republican program for the implementation of the state cultural policy in the Republic of Dagestan. In terms of methodology, the analysis is based on the concept of regional cultural policy previously developed for this program in this subject of the Russian Federation (RF). It takes into account the most important provisions of the approved presidential "Fundamentals of the State Cultural Policy" in 2014, the government "Strategies of the State Cultural Policy for the period until 2030" in 2016, as well as other documents of strategic planning and programming of culture in the Russian Federation. The study showed that these documents require a significant update of the main components of cultural development programs in the regions of the Russian Federation. In this connection, the greatest attention is paid to the authors of the new goals and objectives of the state cultural policy in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as indicators (indicators) of evaluating the effectiveness of implementing regional programs in general, the effectiveness of achieving goals and solving problems in its main areas (sub-programs), in particular.
“Vpiski” (Overnight Parties): Sexual Aggression of Teenagers
Authors: Shulgina Elena V.
Published: December 2018

The article discusses the study of the phenomenon of popularity of the modern type of youth leisure, overnight parties (vpiska). The essence of the sexual aggression of adolescents is considered, which has a tendency to increasingly manifest itself within such a pastime, is considered. An overview of the statistical data of the General Procuracy of the Russian Federation, as well as data of judicial statistics of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in relation to the recorded number of crimes committed on sexual grounds. The author carried out a content analysis of the materials of the social network site devoted to overnight parties, in order to study their role in the expansion of this type of leisure. Possible approaches to solving the acute problem of adolescent sexual aggression are presented.
Transformation of Professional Values of Doctors in the Process of Optimization of the Public Health Service. Part I
Authors: Shilova Liudmila S.
Published: December 2018

Reforms in the public health service continue to receive disapproval from doctors for a number of reasons. Their expectations of improved financial standing have not been met. The basic component of wages did not increase commensurate with increased loads. Wage premiums and incentive payments are fully distributed by the institution’s chief physician by criteria not discussed in teams. While earning funds for domestic needs, medical institutions are not interested in providing doctors with any material or temporary opportunities for additional education. A doctor has to master all areas of practice in off-duty time at their own cost and expense. The requirements of the administration to the work of doctors often go against their traditional professional values and ethical norms. The combination of the existing working conditions and requirements of the administration contribute to increasing the level of dissatisfaction of doctors with their work, and their professional burnout. Dysfunctional management activities of the administration of medical institutions are short-sighted in nature and reduce the work motivation of doctors.
Promotion of Innovative Technologies: Alternative Projects and Practices Perspectives
Authors: Khamidoullina Ekaterina Yu.
Published: December 2018

Crowdfunding and crowdsourcing are examined as the means of overcoming innovative economy development issues. The article shows that innovative economy model transition requires rethinking of the regular patterns. Redistributive relationship between authorities and monopolies provokes the emergence of shadow schemes and corruption. Another issue is applying the neoclassic model to Russian economy. That requires the existence of perfect market and competition. This model supposes competing companies isolation, no coalitions between them, free information circulation between manufacturers and consumers and excepting exclusivity. In our opinion, such an approach is hardly applicable. However an opposite approach suggested by Nicole Biggart is considered as the most productive. Continuing Max Weber's tradition she shits focus to the social side of the economic relations. In our opinion, providing alternative means of innovative technologies support and market entry can assist in innovative economy development. Among these are the crowd-based and open source technologies provided by social interaction and described in the terms of libertarian concept. The possibilities of the open source technologies in dealing with patent system setbacks and innovation transfer are also researched. That is performed by analyzing and comparing the corresponding Russian and US practice. The current situation with innovative technology introduction, realization and production application in Russia is represented.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Pada Pokok Bahasan Himpunan Berdasarkan Ranah Kognitif Taksonomi Bloom Kelas VII-A di SMPN 14 Jember
Authors: Amelia Diona , Susanto S , Fatahillah Arif
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan soal ulangan harian pokok bahasan himpunan dan mendeskripsikan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII-A di SMPN 14 Jember tahun ajaran 2014/2015 berdasarkan ranah kognitif Taksonomi Bloom. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, subjek dari penelitian ini adalah lembar jawaban siswa kelas VII-A pada ulangan harian pokok bahasan himpunan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode tes dan wawancara. Pedoman yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar instrumen klasifikasi soal dan hasil belajar siswa pada masing-masing level ranah kognitif Taksonomi Bloom. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh persentase klasifikasi soal 13,3% untuk pengetahuan (C1); 46,7% untuk pemahaman (C2); dan 40% untuk aplikasi (C3). Hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII-A telah mencapai pada tingkat kemampuan kognitif aplikasi (C3), dengan persentase rata-rata sebagai berikut: tingkat kognitif pengetahuan (C1) sebesar 92,5%; tingkat kognitif pemahaman (C2) sebesar 61%; dan tingkat kognitif aplikasi (C3) sebesar 71,2%.

 

Kata Kunci: Hasil belajar siswa, Himpunan, Taksonomi Bloom
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Seni Tari Gandrung Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di PAUD Kartini Banyuwangi Tahun 2015/2016
Authors: Lisa Astiti Mei , Marijono M , Tri Indrianti Deditiani
Published: December 2018

Dalam mengembangkan aspek perkembangan motorik pada anak usia 4-5 tahun di PAUD Kartini melalui pembelajaran seni tari gandrung memiliki posisi sangat penting karena pembelajaran seni tari gandrung yaitu media seni yang diungkapkan melalui media gerakan tubuh. Namun yang perlu diketahui adalah bagaimana pembelajaran seni tari gandrung itu berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan motorik anak. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan motorik anak melalui pembelajaran seni tari gandrung. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, sedangkan analisis data yaitu model Miles dan Huberman data informasi yang dibutuhkan akan diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gerekan kaki dan gerakan persendian anak sudah mampu melakukannya tetapi masih dalam bimbingan guru, pada gerakan jari dan permainan sampur anak sudah mampu meskipun belum sempurna. Hal tersebut untuk melatih otot-otot motorik kasar dan motorik halus anak, serta melatih rasa percaya diri anak. Dengan pembelajaran seni tari gandrung terhadap perkembangan motorik anak yang sebelumnya anak kurang aktif untuk bergerak setelah mengikuti pembelajaran seni tari gandrung ada peningkatan terhadap perkembangan motorik kasar dan motorik halusnya dan manfaatnya juga sudah dirasakan kepada orang tua murid setelah anaknya di ikutkan kegiatan ektrakulikuler pembelajaran seni tari gandrung.

 

Kata Kunci: Pembelajan Seni Tari Gandrung, Perkembangan Motorik
Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Pada Pokok Bahasan Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel Siswa Kelas VIII-C SMP Nuris Jember
Authors: Arifin Zainul , Trapsilasiwi Dinawati , Fatahillah Arif
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa kelas VIII-C SMP Nuris Jember. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan tes tulis dan lisan kepada 9 siswa. Pengambilan subjek diperoleh dari nilai ulangan harian matematika pokok bahasan sistem persamaan linier dua variabel. Dari nilai ulangan harian pokok bahasan sistem persamaan linier dikelompokan menjadi 3 tingkatan yaitu tingkat kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Dari hasil analisis, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat 2 siswa mampu memenuhi indikator pertama yaitu menuliskan penyelesaian masalah, 5 siswa mampu memenuhi indikator yang kedua yaitu mengubah masalah ke kalimat matematika, 4 siswa mampu memenuhi indikator yang ketiga yaitu perhitungan matematika, dan 5 siswa mampu memenuhi indikator yang keempat yaitu penggunaan simbol matematika. Siswa yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematika sangat baik sudah mampu memenuhi keempat indikator, siswa yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematika baikmampu memenuhi tiga indikator, sedangkan siswa yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematika cukup hanya mampu memenuhi dua indikator meskipun masih ada kesalahan, siswa yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi matematika kurang tidak mampu memenuhi keempat indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Sehingga dari 3 siswa yang berkemampuan matematika tinggi terdapat 2 siswa berada pada tingkat kemampuan komunikasi matematika sangat baik dan 1 siswa berada pada kemampuan komunikasi matematika cukup, sedangkan untuk 3 siswa yang berkemampuan matematika sedang, ketiga siswa berada pada kemampuan komunikasi matematika baik, dan 3 siswa yang berkemampuan matematika rendah terdapat 2 siswa berada pada tingkat kemampuan komunikasi matematika cukup dan 1 siswa berada pada kemampuan komunikasi matematika kurang.

 

Kata Kunci: komunikasi matematika, kemampuan matematika.
Peningkatan Perkembangan Sosial dan Emosional Melalui Kegiatan Outbound pada Anak Kelompok B di TK Asy-Syafa'ah Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Istiqomah Nurul , Lathif Misno A , Khutobah K
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan karena kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru kurang bervariasi, sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya perkembangan sosial dan emosional anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan perkembangan sosial dan emosional anakmelalui kegiatan outbound . Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Subjek penelitiannya anak kelompok B TK Asy-Syafa'ah Jember dengan jumlah 31 anak, terdiri atas 16 anak laki-laki dan 15 anak perempuan. Metode pengumpulan datanya wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis datanya berupa analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan sosial dan emosional anak kelompok B melalui kegiatan outbound (Permainan halang rintang, estafet tongkat dan moving water) mengalami peningkatan dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Nilai rata-rata kelas pada pra siklus 51, siklus I 67 dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 81.

 

Kata Kunci: Perkembangan sosial dan emosional, kegiatan outbound, penelitian tindakan kelas
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kolaboratif berbasis Lesson Study terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
Authors: Dewi Mia Roosmalisa , Mudakir Imam , Murdiyah Siti
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis lesson study terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment (eksperimen semu). Teknik pengumpulan data meggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan post-test only control group design, pada kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen, subjek dipilih secara random yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji homogenitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis lesson study berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan probabilitas sebesar (p=0,000) terhadap berpikir krtitis siswa dengan rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas eksperimen sebesar 72,56 (±10,16) sedangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis kelas kontrol sebesar 60,52 (±11,96). Berdasarkan analisis kriteria, kelas eksperimen memiliki kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi sedangkan kelas kontrol memiliki kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah.

 

Kata Kunci: pembelajaran kolaboratif, lesson study, berpikir kritis.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Multikultural dengan Model Kooperatif Time Token untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keterampilan Sosial Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kelas XII IPS 1 SMAN 1 Jenggawah Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Asyiyah Hajar Riza , Soepeno Bambang , Soemarno S
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peningkatan hasil belajar dan keterampilan sosial peserta didik melalui penerapan pembelajaran berbasis multikultural dengan model kooperatif Time Token pada mata pelajaran Sejarah kelas XII IPS 1 SMAN 1 Jenggawah tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari 3 siklus dan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik pada siklus 1 sebesar 71,25%, siklus 2 meningkat sebesar 73,75%, dan siklus 3 meningkat sebesar 81,38%. Hasil keterampilan sosial peserta didik menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rata-rata keterampilan sosial peserta didik pada siklus 1 sebesar 39,02%, pada siklus 2 meningkat sebesar 63,05% dan siklus 3 sebesar 76,66%. Adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan acuan bagi pendidik dalam pengelolaan proses pembelajaran sejarah yang lebih berkualitas untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran sejarah.

 

Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran Berbasis Multikultural, Model Kooperatif Time Token, Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik, dan Keterampilan Sosial
The Effect of Using Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) Strategy on the Tenth Grade Students' Reading Comprehension Achievement at MA Unggulan Nuris Jember
Authors: Hayu Novendiana Frida , Tasnim Zakiyah , Arya Wijaputra Bambang
Published: December 2018

The aim of this research was to know whether or not there was a significant effect of using Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) strategy on the tenth grade students at MA Unggulan Nuris Jember. The research design used was quasi experimental research specifically post test only non equivalent group design . The respondent of the research was chosen by using cluster random sampling by a lottery . The students of X IPA A as the experimental group and X PK B as the control group. The data was collected by interview, documentation and administering reading comprehension test. Then the data collected were analyzed by using independentt sample T-test . It was known that the mean score of the experimental group was 78.80 and the mean score of the control group was 73.73. In the output of the t-test column, it was shown that the significant value was 0.03. It was lower than 0.05. It means that the mean scores of the two classes (experimental and control groups) were different. Therefore, there was a difference between the experimental class and the control class. In conclusion, the use of Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) strategy was a significantly affected on the tenthgrade students’ reading comprehension achievement tat MA Unggulan Nuris Jember.

 

Keywords: reading comprehension achivement, DRTA strategy