bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palifermin
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2017

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The June 2005 monograph topics are entecavir, esomeprazole sodium, mometasone furoate inhalation powder, and bromfenac ophthalmic solution. The DUE is on entecavir.
New Drugs Approved by the FDA; New Dosage Forms and Indications; Agents Pending FDA Approval
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2017

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, new indications and dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Each month, new information will be added to the table (shown in bold type) and older information will be removed. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information; however, if there are any questions, let us know at hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Dose Standardization of Oral Liquid Medications in a Pediatric Hospital
Authors: Mackay Mark W. , Holley Marc , Cash Jared , Jones Kevin , Van Aarle Pete
Published: December 2017

Standardizing oral liquid medications in a pediatric hospital reduces errors and costs by reducing the number of different doses and preparation time required to compound medications. The Institute of Medicine recommends that hospitals implement standard processes for medication doses, timing, and scales in a given patient care unit.12 Using a standardized dose, based on therapeutic ranges within the weight-based dosing, allows for a reduction in the number of doses compounded. In this study, data from the daily usage of oral medications were evaluated. The top 20% of the oral liquid medications were evaluated to determine the medications with the most doses (assuming that 80% of the doses are controlled by 20% of the medications). The dosage range for each medication was determined and a spreadsheet was used to calculate and predict a standard dose. The standard doses reduced the number of similar doses ordered from 329 to 59. Standardizing doses reduced wastage by 90% and resulted in departmental saving of $15,000.
Micafungin Sodium
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2017

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The August 2005 monograph topics are sildenafil citrate for pulmonary arterial hypertension, paracalcitol capsules, galsulfase, dalbavancin, and febuxostat. The DUE is on paricalcitol capsules.
Entecavir
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2017

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are sent to you in print and CD ROM forms and are available online. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of your facility. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The September 2005 monograph topics are tigecycline, insulin detemir injection, tipranavir, isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine hydrochloride, and muraglitazar. The DUE is on paricalcitol tigecycline.
Recent Publications on Medications and Pharmacy
Authors: Generali Joyce
Published: December 2017

Hospital Pharmacy presents this new feature to keep pharmacists abreast of new publications in the medical/pharmacy literature. Articles of interest will be abstracted monthly regarding a broad scope of topics.
Preventing Inadvertent IV Administration of Nimodopine Capsule Contents Meant for Nasogastric Administration; Depo-SubQ Provera 104 – Potential for Confusion; Wrong Patient Error; Suggested United States Adopted Names
Authors: Cohen Michael R.
Published: December 2017

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program (MERP), which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800-233-7767 (800-23-ERROR).

Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers’ names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.

Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported through the ISMP ( www.ismp.org ) or USP ( www.usp.org ) Web sites or communicated directly to ISMP by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE or via E-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters’ wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Various Adverse Effects and Behaviors Associated with Sildenafil; Another Case of Glycemic Control Problems Associated with Fluoroquinolone Therapy; The First Case of Pure White Cell Aplasia in a Patient Treated with Imipenem–Cilastatin; High-Output Heart Failure Associated with Anagrelide; Renal Dysfunction Attributed to Oral Acyclovir Therapy; Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy after Natalizumab Therapy – Reiterating the Importance of Reporting Adverse Events; A Final Note on Medication Adherence
Authors: Shuster Joel
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the FDA's medWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting preventable ADR to medWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
New Drugs Approved by the FDA; New Dosage Forms and Indications; Agents Pending FDA Approval; Significant Labeling Changes
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: December 2017

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, indications, dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Each month, new information will be added to the table (shown in bold type) and older information will be removed. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information; however, if there are any questions, let us know at hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Use of Automated Controlled Substance Cabinets for Detection of Diversion in US Hospitals: A National Study
Authors: Crowson Karren , Monk-Tutor Mary
Published: December 2017

Purpose

Use of automated controlled substance cabinets (ACSCs) for storage and distribution of narcotics can provide documentation necessary to identify and detect drug diversion. This study investigated how ACSCs are used for narcotic control in US hospitals (including a comparison of detection rates pre- and post-automations) and looked at the difference between hospitals that used ACSCs vs those that did not; it also identified hospital policies related to drug diversion.

Methods

A survey mailed to a national sample of 311 hospitals achieved a 22% usable response rate. Data were entered into an Excel database and analyzed using descriptive statistics; diversion detection rates were calculated per 100 beds. Detection rates were defined as the average number of employees per year that were detected diverting controlled substances over the 3-year period (both pre- and post-ACSC installation); detection rates for those still using manual systems were defined in the same way but only for the 3-year period just prior to the study. Calculation of diversion detection rates were based on respondent estimates of such occurrences.

Results

Over 80% of the respondents indicated that their institution used an ACSC, and 62% provided the necessary information to calculate a diversion detection of 0.36 per 100 beds pre-automation and 1.12 per 100 beds post-automation (P < 0.001). Out of the 19% of the institutions not using ACSCs, 60% provided the necessary information to calculate a diversion detection rate that was determined to be 0.76 per 100 beds. All respondents reported having policies and procedures related to the diversion of controlled substances; however, they varied significantly regarding drug screening practices and specific conditions for the rehire of staff that were detected diverting drugs.

Conclusions

When used properly, with effective checks and balances, ACSCs have the capability to improve detection of narcotic diversion; and thus, may help to decrease diversion of controlled substances by health care professionals.
Preventing Magnesium Toxicity in Obstetrics: Coumadin–Cardura Mix-Ups
Authors: Cohen Michael R.
Published: December 2017

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program (MERP), which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800-233-7767 (800-23-ERROR).

Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers’ names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.

Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported through the ISMP ( www.ismp.org ) or USP ( www.usp.org ) Web sites or communicated directly to ISMP by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE or via E-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters’ wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Modafinil: Multiple Sclerosis-Related Fatigue
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J.
Published: December 2017

Off-Label Drug Uses

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Wolters Kluwer Health. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form, so the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospital pharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Interesting Developments in the PDA Operating System World
Authors: Fox Brent I. , Felkey Bill G.
Published: December 2017

This installment addresses recent discussions regarding the future of the Palm Treo operating system.
Sex differences and the influence of social factors in a Chilean urban psychiatric hospital population
Authors: Roselló Peñaloza Miguel , Gómez Fuentealba Pablo , Castillo Gallardo Patricia
Published: December 2017

Background:

The epidemiological literature has reported differences by sex in the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses. However, we know little about how other socio-demographic factors participate in these differences.

Aim:

To identify the socio-demographic factors that correlate with prevalent psychiatric diagnoses in women and men in a Chilean urban psychiatric hospital population.

Method:

Socio-demographic information (age, educational level, marital status, family group and work status), psychiatric diagnoses and sex of the population were collected for 3,920 patients of a tertiary care hospital during a period of 8 years (2007–2014). The data were subjected to bivariate and multivariate analyses comparing the results by sex.

Results:

Among the most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses, those significantly correlated with sex were eating disorders and major depression (women) and schizophrenia (men). Socio-demographic factors behave differently in men and women regarding those diagnoses. Among the differences, working and being married correlated directly with the diagnosis of depression only among women. Living alone correlated directly with the diagnosis of schizophrenia among men, but correlated inversely among women.

Conclusion:

Dissimilar associations between sex, psychiatric diagnosis and socio-demographic factors found in this Latin American sample invite us to reflect on how social conditions crosscut the relation between sex and psychopathology and to include gender perspectives in psychiatric practices.
Strengths and virtues and the development of resilience: A qualitative study in Suriname during a time of economic crisis
Authors: Hendriks Tom , Graafsma Tobi , Hassankhan Aabidien , Bohlmeijer Ernst , de Jong Joop
Published: December 2017

Background:

Resilience can be described as the capacity to deal with adversity and traumatic events. The current economic situation in Suriname and its social economic consequences may demand a great amount of resilience for people living in Suriname. In this explorative study, we examined the relation between strengths and resilience among the three major ethnic groups in Suriname.

Method:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants. We sought to gather viewpoints from community representatives, health care professionals and academic scholars about the personal resources used by people in Suriname to help them deal with the consequences of the current socio-economic crisis.

Results:

We identified major five strengths that were associated with resilience: religiousness, hope, harmony, acceptance and perseverance. While these strengths contribute to the development of resilience, they can under certain circumstances have an ambiguous influence.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that religiousness is the bedrock strength for the development of resilience in Suriname. We recommend that future positive psychological interventions in non-Western countries integrate positive activities with religious elements into program interventions to achieve a better cultural fit.
Providers’ competencies positively affect personal recovery of involuntarily admitted patients with severe mental illness: A prospective observational study
Authors: Jas Ellen , Wieling Martijn
Published: December 2017

Objective:

There is limited research on the patient–provider relationship in inpatient settings. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of mental healthcare providers’ recovery-promoting competencies on personal recovery in involuntarily admitted psychiatric patients with severe mental illness.

Methods:

In all, 127 Dutch patients suffering from a severe mental illness residing in a high-secure psychiatric hospital reported the degree of their personal recovery (translated Questionnaire about Processes of Recovery questionnaire (QPR)) and the degree of mental healthcare providers’ recovery-promoting competence (Recovery Promoting Relationship Scale (RPRS)) at two measurement points, 6 months apart.

Analyses:

(Mixed-effects) linear regression analysis was used to test the effect of providers’ recovery-promoting competence on personal recovery, while controlling for the following confounding variables: age, gender drug/alcohol problems, social relationships, activities of daily living, treatment motivation and medication adherence.

Results:

Analyses revealed a significant positive effect of providers’ recovery-promoting competencies on the degree of personal recovery ( t = 8.4, p < .001) and on the degree of change in personal recovery over time ( ts > 4, p < .001).

Conclusion:

This study shows that recovery-promoting competencies of mental healthcare providers are positively associated with (a change in) personal recovery of involuntarily admitted patients. Further research is necessary on how to organize recovery-oriented care in inpatient settings and how to enhance providers’ competencies in a sustainable way.
Role of rheology in tunning thermal conductivity of polyamide 12/polyamide 6 composites with a segregated multiwalled carbon nanotube network
Authors: Arboleda-Clemente Laura , García-Fonte Xoán , Abad María-José , Ares-Pernas Ana
Published: December 2017

Effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in thermal conductivity of an immiscible blend of polyamides, 50/50 (wt%/wt%) polyamide 12/polyamide 6, was analyzed as function of nanofiller amount and temperature. Effect of the molding temperature in the structure of conductive network was investigated by rheology.

Data show that 5 vol% multiwalled carbon nanotubes caused an increase of 41% in thermal diffusivity and 78% in thermal conductivity respect to polyamide blend values. Thermal conductivity improvement could be described by percolation theory, with a low threshold composition (φc = 0.09 vol% carbon nanotube). Fitting parameters obtained from Agari’s adjustment model show that polyamides structure is not affected by carbon nanotubes and the nanofillers can easily form conductive paths in the polyamide 12/polyamide 6 matrix.

The temperature increase facilitates nanofiller dispersion causing the formation of a denser carbon nanotube network and rising the thermal diffusivity of carbon nanotube composites with low percolation level, as was proved on annealed samples at 255℃.
Direct comparison of vasectomized males and genetically sterile Gapdhs knockout males for the induction of pseudopregnancy in mice
Authors: Garrels Wiebke , Wedekind Dirk , Wittur Isabell , Freischmidt Ulrike , Korthaus Dirk , Rülicke Thomas , Dorsch Martina
Published: December 2017

The laboratory mouse is the most used animal model in biomedical research. Several artificial reproductive techniques, such as revitalization of cryopreserved strains, rederivation after hygienic contaminations and the production of transgenic mouse models, require the transfer of preimplantation embryos to surrogate mothers. Pseudopregnancy is essential in recipient females and is induced by mating with sterile males. Commonly, surgically vasectomized males are used for this purpose. As an alternative, genetically modified mouse strains have been identified, in which homozygous infertile males are sexually active. Here, we investigated the suitability of genetically infertile Gapdhstm1Dao males under routine laboratory conditions with respect to plug rates, pregnancy rates and frequency of born offspring after embryo transfer. Our results showed no significant differences for these aspects between Gapdhstm1Dao and vasectomized CD2F1 males. In addition, we evaluated the efforts to obtain a defined number of sterile males either by breeding of sterile mutants or surgical vasectomy, and addressed the impact of both options on animal welfare. In conclusion, infertile males of the Gapdhstm1Dao line are a reliable alternative to vasectomized males for the induction of pseudopregnancy, and can contribute to the refinement of the procedure by avoiding surgical interventions.
Analysis of shielding effectiveness in different kinds of electromagnetic shielding fabrics under different test conditions
Authors: Li Yaping , Wang Xiuchen , Pan Zhen , Su Ying , Liu Zhe , Duan Jiajia , Li Yayun
Published: December 2017

This study used the DR-SO4 window method to test the shielding effectiveness of silver-plated fiber functional fabric, copper–nickel duplicate coating fabric, and stainless steel fiber-blended-type fabric. These electromagnetic shielding fabrics exhibited different levels of shielding effectiveness under different polarization directions. In the same frequency, the shielding effectiveness difference between the vertical polarization wave direction and horizontal or 45° polarization wave direction is higher in silver-plated fiber functional fabric and copper–nickel duplicate coating fabric than that in stainless steel fiber-blended fabric. The radiation distance of 1.5 m has great influence on the shielding effectiveness of the three fabrics. These fabrics show a repeated and intersected change in wrinkle degrees of 1# and 2#. The fabrics in the wrinkle degree of 2# have higher shielding effectiveness than that of 3#. The wrinkle recovery properties of electromagnetic shielding fabrics also affect their shielding effectiveness. The shielding effectiveness of copper–nickel duplicate coating fabric with low wrinkle recovery property considerably changes. This research provides a basis for the design of electromagnetic shielding fabrics.
A novel endo-β-1,4-xylanase GH30 from Dickeya dadantii DCE-01: Clone, expression, characterization, and ramie biological degumming function
Authors: Wang Ruijun , Liu Zhengchu , Cheng Lifeng , Duan Shengwen , Feng Xiangyuan , Zheng Ke , Cheng Yi , Zeng Jie
Published: December 2017

Xylanase plays an important role in the hydrolysis of hemicellulose and has gained much attention in the field of biological degumming. The research for xylanases with cellulase-free and high activity for biological degumming has intensified in recent years. In the present research, heterologous expression of a novel endo-β-1,4-xylanase (GH30) from Dickeya dadantii DCE-01 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) was reported. Biochemical characterization of the enzyme and a potential application in ramie biological degumming was discussed. The results showed that the xylanase gene consists of 1251 nucleotides, belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 30 (GH30). The optimal activity of the xylanase was observed at 50℃ and a pH value of 6.4. The Km and Vmax values for beechwood xylan were 14.25 mg/mL and 296.6 μmol/mg, respectively. The catalytic activity was enhanced by addition of 1 mM Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+. The recombinant enzyme was specific for xylan substrates. The enzyme exhibited hydrolytic activity toward ramie hemicellulose. The recombinant xylanase could be effectively applied to ramie degumming.
“What’s Going On?”: A Critical Race Theory Perspective on Black Lives Matter and Activism in Education
Authors: Dixson Adrienne D.
Published: December 2017

This article explores activism, education, and the #BlackLivesMatter movement. Using critical race theory (CRT), I analyze what this emergence of primarily youth-led activism means in the context of decades of neoliberal education reform. I raise specific questions about how youth-led activism, which has its genesis in and is largely shaped by social media, not only reflects limited robust mainstream discourses on race but also a failure of education, particularly schools and districts that serve students of color in under-resourced urban communities, to teach about and contextualize other historical movements for justice and racial equity.
A Review of Tools and Techniques for Data-Enabled Formative Assessment
Authors: Nyland Rob
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this literature review is to understand the current state of research on tools that collect data for the purpose of formative assessment. We were interested in identifying the types of data collected by these tools, how these data were processed, and how the processed data were presented to the instructor or student for the purpose of formative assessment. We identified two categories of data: machine-graded and activity stream data. The data were processed using three methods: unprocessed activity streams, descriptive data analysis, and data mining. Processed data were presented to students through reports and real-time feedback and to instructors through reports and visual dashboards.
The Belief-Desire Model of Action Explanation Reconsidered: Thoughts on Bittner
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: December 2017

The belief-desire model of action explanation is deeply ingrained in multiple disciplines. There is reason to think that it is a cultural artifact. But is there an alternative? In this discussion, I will consider the radical critique of this action explanation model by Rüdiger Bittner, which argues that the model appeals to dubious mental entities, and argues for a model of reasons as responses to states or events. Instead, for Bittner, agents are reason-selectors—selecting the states or events to respond to and selecting the ones the agent is disposed to respond to. By getting rid of the explanatory role of beliefs, this model runs into difficulties over errors usually attributed to false beliefs. These can be resolved by expanding the notion of dispositions to cover the case of false belief. But this suggests that the belief-reason model serves to divide the category of dispositions in an arbitrary or culturally specific way.
Labor Law Reform and Organized Labor: A Comparative Historical Sociology of Unanticipated Outcomes
Authors: Nash Bradley
Published: December 2017

This article provides a comparative historical examination of the unanticipated consequences of labor law reforms in capitalist democracies during the twentieth century. The study of unexpected effects has a long history in sociology, and the cases analyzed here prove particularly instructive. Primary attention is given to earlier labor law projects in Germany and France that targeted the role of organized labor within industrial relations. Though divergent in political aims, legal reforms in the two countries converged in that the outcomes proved contrary to state intentions. Specifically, whereas postwar German conservatives had hoped to weaken labor unions with the Works Constitution Act of 1952 and French socialists aimed to strengthen organized labor by implementing the Auroux Laws during the 1980s, the legislative initiatives in the two nations ultimately had unexpected impacts. Analysis of what caused these unanticipated effects points toward two common factors: strategic actions (or inactions) by relevant social agents and the indeterminate nature of legal discourse itself. This article concludes with a consideration of the possibilities for labor law reform in the United States.
Family Relations and Remarriage Postdivorce and Postwidowhood in China
Authors: Hu Yang , To Sandy
Published: December 2017

Analyzing event history data from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies and 13 qualitative interviews, we examine the complex and gendered relationship between family relations and remarriage in China. Distinct roles are played by the presence of preschool, school-age, and adult children in configuring the remarriage of women and men after divorce and after widowhood. The remarriage of widows but not divorcées is positively associated with the presence of parents and siblings. Remarriage is more likely in the presence of large extended families. Whereas single and remarried divorcé(e)s equally provide care to their children, such care provision is less likely among remarried than single widow(er)s. Compared with their single counterparts, remarried divorcé(e)s and particularly widow(er)s are less likely to receive care from their children. We underline the importance of considering the “linked lives” of family members and comparing distinct life course circumstances in the study of remarriage. We demonstrate that remarriage is far from an “individualized” institution and that the state’s privatization of marriage seems to reinforce the “familialization” of remarriage practices in China.
Creation of Data Repositories to Advance Nursing Science
Authors: Perazzo Joseph , Rodriguez Margaret , Currie Jackson , Salata Robert , Webel Allison R.
Published: December 2017

Data repositories are a strategy in line with precision medicine and big data initiatives, and are an efficient way to maximize data utility and form collaborative research relationships. Nurse researchers are uniquely positioned to make a valuable contribution using this strategy. The purpose of this article is to present a review of the benefits and challenges associated with developing data repositories, and to describe the process we used to develop and maintain a data repository in HIV research. Systematic planning, data collection, synthesis, and data sharing have enabled us to conduct robust cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses with more than 200 people living with HIV. Our repository building has also led to collaboration and training, both in and out of our organization. We present a pragmatic and affordable way that nurse scientists can build and maintain a data repository, helping us continue to make to our understanding of health phenomena.
A feasibility randomized controlled trial of ReaDySpeech for people with dysarthria after stroke
Authors: Mitchell Claire , Bowen Audrey , Tyson Sarah , Conroy Paul
Published: December 2017

Objective:

To evaluate the feasibility of a multicentre randomized controlled trial of ReaDySpeech, an online speech therapy programme for people with dysarthria.

Design:

Feasibility randomized controlled trial, 2:1 minimization procedure.

Setting:

Four UK NHS services across hospital and community.

Participants:

Forty participants with dysarthria at least one week post-stroke.

Interventions/comparator:

ReaDySpeech with usual care ( n = 26) versus usual care only ( n = 14).

Main outcomes:

Feasibility measures included the following: recruitment and retention rate, time taken to carry out assessments, success of outcome assessor blinding, fidelity and adherence. Participant baseline and outcome measures collected before and after 8–10 weeks of intervention were the Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment II, Therapy Outcome Measure, Communication Outcomes After Stroke Scale, EQ-5D-5L and Dysarthria Impact Profile.

Results:

Recruited 40 participants out of 74 eligible people, 1–13 weeks post stroke and mean age 69 years (37–99). Retention was very high (92%). Assessor blinding was not achieved with intervention allocation correctly guessed for 70% of participants (26/37). Time to carry out assessments was acceptable to participants. ReaDySpeech was delivered to 16 of 26 allocated participants, who completed 55% of prescribed activities, but both interventions were delivered at low intensity (mean 6.6 face-to-face sessions of 40-minute duration).

Conclusion:

Recruitment and retention in this randomized controlled trial of computerized therapy for dysarthria is feasible for acute stroke. However, further feasibility work is needed to evaluate whether it is possible to recruit chronic stroke; increase intervention delivery, intensity and adherence; achieve outcome assessor blinding by video-recording and to determine sample size for a larger trial of effectiveness.
Some Notes on the Funerary Cult in the Early Middle Kingdom: Stela BM EA 1164
Authors: Russo Barbara
Published: December 2017

Discussion of certain changes to the funerary cult during the Early Middle Kingdom, specifically those related to the numbers and the categories of the funerary priests involved in the rites. This study is based on an important Eleventh Dynasty source, stela BM EA 1164, which presents the main elements of two contracts between the owner and two funerary priests, a ḥm-k3 and a ẖry-ḥb. Alongside the identification of the priestly title imy-ḫnt wr, the philological analysis of these contracts is developed in order to consider the sociological and historical background and in order to shed light on the roles of Thebes and Memphis during this period.
Fighting kites: behaviour as a key to species identity in wall scenes
Authors: Evans Linda
Published: December 2017

The species of an ambiguous pair of birds represented in the Saqqara tomb of nj-‘nhḫ-ẖnmw and ẖnmw-ḥtp has been determined by examination of the animals’ distinctive postures.
Miscellanea magica, III: ein vertauschter Kopf? Konjekturvorschlag für P. Berlin P 8313 ro, col. II, 19–20*
Authors: Richter Tonio Sebastian
Published: December 2017

A new approach to explaining the motif of Isis heating a furnace attested in the Coptic magical papyrus Berlin P 8313, pointing to late antique alchemical practice and tradition.
The text of Khakheperreseneb: an addendum
Authors: Parkinson R. B. , Demarée R. J.
Published: December 2017

Addendum to R. B. Parkinson, ‘The Text of Khakheperreseneb: New Readings of British Museum EA 5645, and an Unpublished Ostracon’, JEA 83 (1997), 55–68.
Making Your Wishes Known: Who Completes an Advance Directive and Shares It With Their Health Care Team or Loved Ones?
Authors: Inoue Megumi , Ihara Emily , Terrillion Albert
Published: December 2017

Using Andersen’s health behavioral model as a framework, this study examined factors associated with the completion of advance directives and the behavior of sharing them with one’s family and health care providers. Data were from the 2014 United States of Aging Survey ( N = 1,153; aged 60 or older), and multinomial logistic regression was used for analysis. We found that 73% of respondents had advance directives. However, 28% have not shared their advance directives with anyone. The sense of having completed a great deal of preparation for the future and the number of illnesses were found to be relevant to the behavior of sharing advance directives. Existing educational training and interventions can be expanded to increase public awareness and encourage people to share their completed advance directives with others. Policies mandating physicians to engage in advance directive conversations with patients during annual checkups might improve completion and sharing of advance directives.
Supporting Aging-in-Place Well: Findings From a Cluster Analysis of the Reasons for Aging-in-Place and Perceptions of Well-Being
Authors: Ahn Mira , Kwon Hyun Joo , Kang Jiyun
Published: December 2017

Prior research on gerontology and housing has frequently adopted a perspective that aging-in-place is the “goal.” Despite these meaningful results and policy implications, opportunities to explore consequences of aging-in-place, such as the association of this with overall well-being, have been overlooked. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating perceptions of well-being that could act as a driver or result of aging-in-place. With a nationwide random sample of non-Hispanic White, older individuals (60+), living in their homes ( N = 328), three segments of senior residents based on their reasons for aging-in-place were identified. Results reinforce the importance of community-based integrative programs and policies by indicating that the three identified clusters were not homogeneous; however, inclusive community-based supports and services can provide what each cluster needs to successfully age-in-place. Discussion provides a perspective on how to support successful aging-in-place, including the role of the federal government in funding and legislation.
Training Joint Attention Skills and Facilitating Proactive Interactions in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Loosely Coupled Collaborative Tabletop-Based Application in a Chinese Special Education Classroom
Authors: Winoto Pinata , Tang Tiffany Y.
Published: December 2017

Joint attention skills, broadly speaking, refer to the ability to share experiences and interests about objects and events with others in a social environment. Due to their impairment in joint attention skills, children with autism are usually facing communication challenges, for example, being reluctant to socialize and share items with others. Previous research, aiming to enhance and promote collaboration among children in this population, had designed collaborative games for children to share a single workspace with highly coupled collaborative tasks, which thus could result in forced collaboration and reduce game playability. To address this issue, we design a collaborative puzzle game to indirectly foster players’ collaboration and proactive interaction, to train their joint attention skills gradually. The application is different from previous ones in two aspects: (a) It supports loosely coupled collaboration between two players and (b) it focuses on measuring/promoting the joint attention skills among players. Specifically, some puzzle pieces of a player will be systematically put in another player’s workspace, and they are expected to notice and share them with the other player to complete the whole game. In addition, the game complexity can also be adaptively adjusted according to the players’ playing behavior.
Comparing Behavior and Clock Gene Expression between Caterpillars, Butterflies, and Moths
Authors: Niepoth Natalie , Ke Gao , de Roode Jacobus C. , Groot Astrid T.
Published: December 2017

Circadian behavior is widely observed in insects; however, the mechanisms that drive its evolution remain a black box. While circadian activity rhythms are well characterized in adults within the order Lepidoptera (i.e., most butterfly species are day active, while most moths are night active), much less is known about daily activity and clock gene expression in the larval stage. Additionally, direct comparison of clock gene expression between day-active and night-active species reared together has not been quantified. Our study characterized the daily rhythms of caterpillar feeding and activity in addition to the gene expression of 2 central circadian clock genes, period ( per) and timeless ( tim), in larvae and adults of the day-active butterfly Danaus plexippus and the night-active moth Heliothis virescens. We found that neither Danaus nor Heliothis caterpillars are strictly diurnal or nocturnal like their adult counterparts; however, we found that slight rhythms in feeding and activity can arise in response to external forces, such as temperature and host plant. Expression levels differed between genes, between butterfly larvae and adults, and between butterfly and moth species, even though expression levels of both per and tim oscillated with a similar phase over 24 hours across all treatments. Our study, the first of its kind to investigate circadian timekeeper gene expression in 2 life stages and 2 species, highlights interesting differences in core clock gene expression patterns that could have potential downstream effects on circadian rhythms.
Thermoplastic composite beam structures from mixtures of recycled HDPE and rubber crumb for acoustic energy absorption
Authors: Haworth B , Chadwick D , Chen L , Ang YJ
Published: December 2017

The use of recycled rubber crumb in the design and production of thermoplastic-rubber composites as sound absorbers can provide solutions to noise pollution and for the recovery of post-consumer materials from both packaging and waste tyres. The work of this study is concerned with the effect of rubber crumb incorporation in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and also in HDPE glass fibre composites on acoustic, mechanical and physical properties. Recycled HDPE compounds containing variable concentrations of cured rubber crumb particles were prepared by twin screw extrusion. Thermal analysis has revealed a significant increase in the level of crystallinity of the HDPE component by increasing the rubber content in the mixes. Standard three-point bending and notched impact test specimens were manufactured by injection moulding, and large-scale beam samples were produced by compression moulding using an ad hoc method that allows variation of the through-thickness elastomer content as a means of obtaining composition gradients. The flexural modulus and impact strength varied monotonically with rubber crumb concentration. A fast Fourier transform technique was used to determine the acoustic performance of the beams over a wide frequency range. The graded structures produced large improvements in acoustic absorption properties in the frequency range of 2–6 kHz, notably from composite beams containing 20% rubber and also in some multilayer beams with rubber concentration gradients.
Society, like the market, needs to be constructed
Authors: Palacios Carlos
Published: December 2017

It has been commonplace to equate Foucault’s 1979 series of lectures at the Collège de France with the claim that for neoliberalism, unlike for classical liberalism, the market needs to be artificially constructed. The article expands this claim to its full expression, taking it beyond what otherwise would be a simple divulgation of a basic neoliberal tenet. It zeroes in on Foucault’s own insight: that neoliberal constructivism is not directed at the market as such, but, in principle, at society, arguing that the value of this insight goes beyond the critique of a neoliberal present. The neoliberal rationale rather helps him to reveal a unique historical architecture, a latent approach to the social dissimilar to the one that has long predominated in the human sciences. The inversion of homo œconomicus in neoliberal theory amounted to the unearthing of a ‘social subject of interest’ within civil society. Such a subject, barely recognized by neoliberals who simply instrumentalize it for the sake of the market, demonstrates that the social is not necessarily the natural product of ethical subjects; that society may also need to be constructed.
Sliding ratio for novel cycloidal gear drive
Authors: Xu Lizhong , Li Shuang , Wang Wenping
Published: December 2017

In this paper, for a novel spur cycloidal gear drive with a modified tooth profile, the equations of the sliding ratio are deduced from those of its tooth profile. Using the sliding ratio equations, the sliding ratio of the novel cycloidal gear drive is investigated and effects of the drive parameters on the sliding ratio are analysed. The sliding ratio of the novel cycloidal gear drive is then compared with that of an involute gear drive. The results show that the sliding ratio of the novel cycloidal gear drive is small and distributed evenly along its rotating angles, which makes the drive operate smoothly and have a long wear life.
Elastodynamics modeling of 4-SPS/CU parallel mechanism with flexible moving platform based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation
Authors: Wang Gengxiang
Published: December 2017

The moving platform of the 4-SPS/CU (S is the spherical joint, P is the prismatic joint, C is the cylindrical joint, U is the universal joint) parallel mechanism is treated as a thin-plate element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation due to its physical characteristic. In order to eliminate high-frequency modes caused by the coupling between membrane and bending effects, the elastic mid-surface approach is used to evaluate the elastic force of the flexible moving platform. In order to formulate constraint equations between the flexible body and the rigid body, the tangent frame is introduced to define the joint coordinate system that is rigidly attached to the node at the joint, which is convenient for determining the constant vector in the joint coordinate system. The dynamics model of the parallel mechanism with the flexible moving platform is built based on the equation of motion. The simulation results show that the vibration frequency caused by the flexible body will be increased with the increasing stiffness of the material, and the kinematic trajectory and dynamics performance of the parallel mechanism are affected seriously when the smaller Young’s modulus is used, which illustrates that the effect of the flexible moving platform on the dynamic performance of the parallel mechanism should not be ignored.
Large eddy simulation of the influence of synthetic inlet turbulence on a practical aeroengine combustor with counter-rotating swirler
Authors: Zhou Yu , Huang Yuan , Mu Zhongqiang
Published: December 2017

To study the influence of inlet turbulence on the prediction of flow structure in practical aeroengine combustor, large eddy simulation with dynamic Smagorinsky subgrid model is used to explore the complex unsteady flow field in a single burner of a typical aeroengine combustor with two-stage counter-rotating swirler. The complex geometric configuration including all film cooling holes is fully simulated without any conventional simplification in order to reduce the modeling errors. First, unsteady process that flow developing from static to statistically stationary state is fully simulated under laminar inlet condition to obtain a fundamental understanding of flow characteristics in the combustor. Afterwards, synthetic eddy method is utilized to generate a turbulent inlet condition so that a perturbation with about 5% turbulence intensity is superimposed to the inlet plane. Simulation result shows that for the laminar inflow case, flow separation occurs in the near-wall region of the diffusion section, inducing a boundary layer transition and consequently introducing turbulence with nonuniformity in space before the swirler. In contrast, synthesized inflow generated under turbulent inlet condition by synthetic eddy method is more spatially homogeneous. Time-averaged flow field inside the swirler cup reveals that turbulent inflow ultimately causes the swirling flow with higher rotating speed in central region and more uniform distribution along the circumferential direction. It also enhances the transverse jet flow from primary holes and reverse flow in the central recirculation zone, and makes streamlines corresponding to the recirculation vortices more symmetrical on central profile. Maximum recirculating velocity predicted in central recirculation zone is −27.65 m/s and −17.86 m/s in turbulent and laminar case respectively, and corresponding total pressure recovery coefficient is 96.03% and 96.81%.