bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“IMPLEMENTING LOCAL DEVELOPMENT STRAT EGIES” WITHIN AXIS 4. RDP 2007-2013 –
SPATIA L DIVERSIFICATION OF LEVEL AND STRUCTURE OF LEADER FUNDS DELIVERY
Authors: Rudnicki Roman , Wilczyńska Katarzyna , Kaliński Kamil
Published: April 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the spatial diversification of the level and structure of delivery
of the funds available within measure ‘Implementing Local Development Strategies’ under axis 4 of the
RDP 2007-2013. The period taken into analysis covered the European financial perspective of 2007-2013.
The spatial scope of the analysis involved the territory of Poland, on the level of districts. It focused on
the diversification in the number of applications (40.4 thousand in total; on average 10.5 applications
per 10 thousand people) and in the amount of payments (2.8 bln PLN in total; on average 73 PLN per
capita), taking into account four kinds of implemented strategies: “Small projects”, “Renovation and
development of villages’, “Creation and development of micro-enterprises” and “Diversification into
non-agricultural activities”. The spatial analysis was based on two elementary indices which were later
subjected to the standardization procedure and presented jointly in form of composite index of LEADER
funds implementation. It emerged that the above-mentioned RDP measure was strongly diversified spatially,
with the highest level of indices in districts featuring a lower socio-economic development, which is in
line with the EU cohesion policy.
External auditory meatus and/or conchal bowl reconstruction with postauricular island flap in patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma or Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Iljin Aleksandra , Antoszewski Bogusław , Durko Marcin , Zieliński Tomasz , Pietruszewska Wioletta
Published: April 2018

Aims. Presenting our clinical experience with the postauricular island flap (pif) and estimation of the results following partial external auditory canal (eac) and/or auricular conchal bowl reconstructions with the pif in patients after carcinoma resections. Methods. We have analyzed postoperative results of 19 patients after auricular conchal bowl (11), or auricular conchal bowl and eac (8) reconstructions with pif, following malignant tumor resections, between 2000-2015. The patients were followed-up and evaluated in respect of early and long-term results after surgical treatment considering plastic surgeon’s and patient’s opinion. Results. The cancers were completely excised in all patients, and there were no recurrences within at least 2 years of follow-up. The observed complications after reconstructions comprised venous congestion in five cases (26.3 %), pinning of the operated ear in four patients (21 %), prominent earlobe in three (15.8 %), and eac constriction in three cases (15.8 %). Postoperative result was very good in all cases (both in the opinion of plastic surgeon and patients), except patients with pinning of the operated ear, prominent earlobe (moderately satisfied). Conclusions 1. Combined operations involving postauricular island flap reconstructions after partial (external auditory meatus and/or auricular conchal bowl) resections allowed for complete removal of malignant tumors with no evidence of recurrence, and also preservation of proper conchal shape in the reconstructed ear. 2. Retroauricular approach in cases with cancer involvement of the external auditory meatus allowed for proper visualization and estimation of lesions extent, as well as adequate surgical access.
Indications and Long-term Outcomes of Open Augmentation Rhinoplasty with Autogenous L-shaped Costal Cartilage Strut Grafts – A Single Plastic Surgeon’s Experience
Authors: Leach Laura , Shamil Eamon , Malata Charles M.
Published: April 2018

Introduction We present a single surgeon’s experience of open augmentation rhinoplasty with autogenous L-shaped costal cartilage grafts, with long-term patient-reported outcome data. We highlight the salient operative steps and outline the peri-operative care required to optimise outcomes. Materials and Methods A retrospective review of eleven such augmentation rhinoplasties performed between 2008 and 2016 was undertaken. Indications included saddle nose deformity [granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n=7) and relapsing polychondritis (n=1)], post-traumatic nasal collapse (n=1) and advanced cosmetic westernisation of the nose (n=2). Long-term patient-reported outcome was assessed with a patient questionnaire. Results All patients achieved marked improvement in nasal position, shape and function. There was no cartilage exposure, warping or resorption and no recurrent deformities. One patient’s dorsal graft was fractured two years later during an ophthalmological procedure and the deformity was re-corrected successfully, again with the above technique. Average follow up was 5.2 years. Of the nine patients who responded to the follow-up questionnaire, 100% were satisfied with their nasal appearance. 100% of responders at follow-up reported that they have had no problems relating to their nose (n=9). Discussion L-shaped costal cartilage grafts provided a reliable, reproducible approach in augmentation rhinoplasty for disparate indications (inflammatory, traumatic and cosmetic) in the hands of a low-volume operator. With careful patient selection and planning, this technique can provide pleasing aesthetic outcomes and high patient satisfaction, with good long-term outcomes.
ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS E FÍSICOS DO SOLO EM ÁREAS SOB DIFERENTES COBERTURAS FLORESTAIS E PASTAGEM EM ALÉM PARAÍBA - MG
Authors: Cunha Neto Felipe Vieira da , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Leles Paulo Sérgio dos Santos , Abel Elton Luiz da Silva
Published: April 2018

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do solo sob povoamentos florestais homogêneos (Acacia mangium - acácia, Mimosa artemisiana - mimosa e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla - eucalipto) em comparação com área de pastagem de Brachiaria sp. (pasto) e floresta secundária. O trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Cachoeirão, em Além Paraíba - MG. A amostragem foi realizada nas camadas de 0,00 - 0,05 m e 0,05 - 0,10 m. Foram analisados os atributos químicos tais como teor de nutrientes, pH, acidez potencial (H + Al) e teor de carbono orgânico (COT), e os atributos físicos densidade do solo (Ds), volume total de poros (VTP) e a estabilidade de agregados. Os valores de saturação por bases foram muito baixos em todas as áreas. Dentre os povoamentos florestais, as áreas de mimosa e eucalipto  proporcionaram maior adição de COT ao solo. Não houve diferença significativa para as variáveis Ds e VTP em nenhuma das camadas analisadas. O atributo químico que possibilitou melhor diferenciação entre as áreas foi o teor de carbono orgânico (COT). As florestas de mimosa e acácia foram as que mais contribuíram para a estabilização dos agregados do solo na camada de 0,00 - 0,05 m. Esta camada foi a que apresentou melhor diferenciação entre as áreas em relação à estabilidade de agregados. A área de pastagem foi a que mais se assemelhou à floresta secundária quanto à estabilidade de agregados nas camadas de 0,00 - 0,05 m e 0,05 - 0,10 m. Para a profundidade de 0,05 - 0,10 m, não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas entre as áreas para as variáveis físicas estudadas.
ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E BALANÇO HÍDRICO DO SOLO COM FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA, EM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO-AMARELO, EM TELÊMACO BORBA - PR
Authors: Souza Jorge Luiz Moretti de , Fezer Kharyn Freitas , Gurski Bruno César , Jerszurki Daniela , Pachechenik Paulo Eugenio , Evangelista Adão Wagner Pego
Published: April 2018

Objetivou-se no presente trabalho caracterizar os atributos físico-hídricos do solo e quantificar, em um ano, as componentes de um balanço hídrico, realizado para Floresta Ombrófila Mista em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, textura arenosa, em Telêmaco Borba - PR. O experimento foi instalado na Fazenda Monte Alegre, pertencente à empresa Klabin Florestal, em área com mata nativa em estado avançado de regeneração. Foram caracterizados os seguintes atributos físicos do solo: massa específica, condutividade hidráulica saturada, curva de retenção da água, porosidade de aeração e capacidade de água disponível (CAD). As amostras indeformadas foram coletadas em uma trincheira, em cinco camadas. As amostras deformadas foram retiradas semanalmente, em oito pontos dentro da área experimental, em cinco camadas. Os valores de umidades do solo e precipitação interna foram coletados e registrados semanalmente ao longo do ano. O armazenamento de água no solo foi calculado empregando a regra do trapézio. A drenagem interna (D) e a ascensão capilar (AC) foram estimadas com a equação de Darcy-Buckingham. Os valores de massa específica, micro, macro e porosidade total do solo enquadraram-se nas faixas consideradas adequadas para solos de textura arenosa. O solo apresentou alta condutividade hidráulica, característica de solos bem drenados. Em média, o armazenamento não atingiu o ponto de murcha permanente ao longo do ano. A D média foi maior nos meses com maior precipitação, sendo o valor total anual médio de 94,9 mm ano–1. O valor médio da evapotranspiração real foi de 1355,9 mm ano-1, média de 3,7 mm dia-1.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ENERGÉTICAS DO CARVÃO VEGETAL DE AROEIRA (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) E LEUCENA (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) R. de Wit)
Authors: Silva Lázaro Lavoisier Honorato da , Oliveira Elisabeth de , Calegari Leandro , Pimenta Marllus Adiel Carneiro , Pimenta Alexandre Santos , Dantas Maysa Kévia Linhares
Published: April 2018

A exploração de madeira com finalidade energética (lenha e carvão) vem provocando redução na vegetação nativa, agregado a isto, problemas são gerados para fauna, flora e solo. O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar as características energéticas do carvão vegetal de aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) e leucena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) R. de Wit). Foi realizada a supressão de cinco exemplares de Myracrodruon urundeuva e Leucaena leucocephala, seguindo-se critérios de qualidade fenológica e de sanidade. A carbonização foi realizada em duplicata, utilizando a madeira anidra. Também foi realizada análise química imediata do carvão, determinação da densidade verdadeira e densidade aparente. O poder calorífico superior foi determinado por meio de calorímetro adiabático. O experimento foi arranjado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), e os valores foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste “F” em nível de 5% de probabilidade de erro. A madeira de Myracrodruon urundeuva e Leucaena leucocephala apresentaram rendimento sem diferenças estatísticas, com 41,22% e 40,59% de carvão. A densidade aparente do carvão da madeira de Myracrodruon urundeuva (0,59 g/cm3) foi maior que a de Leucaena leucocephala (0,39 g/cm3), porém, as espécies mostraram-se semelhantes para a densidade verdadeira do carvão, com 1,21 g/cm3 e 1,11 g/cm3, respectivamente. Da mesma forma, o poder calorífico superior do carvão não apresentou diferença entre as madeiras das espécies, Myracrodruon urundeuva (6.869 kcal/kg) e Leucaena leucocephala (6977 kcal/kg). A quantidade de materiais voláteis liberados e de cinzas produzidas foi superior na madeira de Myracrodruon urundeuva, com 33,87% e 3,79%. Já o teor de carbono fixo foi maior na Leucaena leucocephala (67,15%). As espécies estudadas apresentaram características energéticas semelhantes, portanto, a madeira de Leucaena leucocephala pode ser utilizada para produção e utilização do carvão vegetal quando comparadas as espécies nativas já conhecidas e usadas para os mesmos fins.
BIOLOGIA DE Montandoniola confusa STREITO & MATOCQ (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE) EM PRESA NATURAL E ALTERNATIVA
Authors: Tavares Adauto Maurício , Torres Jorge Braz , Gondim Junior Manoel Guedes Correa
Published: April 2018

O percevejo Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq tem sido citado como sendo o principal predador de Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal, espécie monófaga que induz galhas em plantas de Ficus, como a espécie Ficus microcarpa L.f. (Moraceae). Estas espécies de fícus têm sido introduzidas em diversas partes do mundo, incluindo o Brasil, para utilização no paisagismo. Assim, este trabalho estudou o desenvolvimento e a reprodução do percevejo-predador usando o tripes, sua presa natural, comparado com ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) e de Sitotroga cerealella Oliver, empregados como presas alternativas para a sua multiplicação. O percevejo-predador apresentou menor duração ninfal e superior viabilidade quando alimentado com o tripes e ovos de Anagasta kuehniella comparado a ovos de Sitotroga cerealella. A oviposição, no entanto, foi 2,37 e 3,71 vezes maior quando criados com o tripes em relação às presas alternativas Anagasta kuehniella e Sitotroga cereallea, respectivamente. Ovos das presas alternativas permitem a criação do predador, mas com desempenho inferior a presa natural.
FENOLOGIA REPRODUTIVA E PRODUÇÃO DE FRUTOS EM Euterpe edulis (Martius)
Authors: Silva Juliano Zago da , Reis Maurício Sedrez dos
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a fenologia reprodutiva de Euterpe edulis, a fim de fundamentar estratégias de conservação e manejo. A área de estudo encontra-se na Floresta Nacional de Ibirama, Santa Catarina, e apresenta 24 parcelas permanentes (40 x 40 m). As avaliações fenológicas ocorreram de out/2007 a out/2009, monitorando todos os indivíduos quanto ao número e tipo de inflorescências e infrutescências. Durante o estudo, foram registrados dois eventos reprodutivos. A floração ocorreu de outubro a março e as infrutescências com frutos maduros ocorreram de março a dezembro (2008) e de maio a outubro (2009), evidenciando a importância de Euterpe edulis como fonte de alimento para a fauna, disponível por até 10 meses do ano. O número médio de inflorescências produzidas por matriz/ano foi de 2,2 e destas, somente 55,7% formaram frutos maduros. Durante o desenvolvimento das infrutescências, observou-se também uma redução de 52% na quantidade de frutos. As plantas entraram em reprodução a partir dos 7 cm de diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP), produzindo quase que exclusivamente inflorescências masculinas e à medida que crescem em diâmetro, aumentam o número de inflorescências e infrutescências emitidas/planta e o número de frutos maduros formados por infrutescência, apresentando também uma participação mais constante nos eventos reprodutivos. A formação de maior número de infrutescências por matriz, também se correlacionou à redução das taxas de crescimento anual em DAP, no qual a produção registrada em 2008 apresentou forte correlação com o crescimento apresentado pelas plantas entre 1997 e 2008, o que agrega qualidade às estimativas de produção partindo do DAP.
Cartografias de uma experiência em Artes Visuais
Authors: Wosniak Fabio
Published: April 2018

Esse texto aborda os vínculos entre experiência, Artes Visuais e Educação, através de uma articulação de ensino e aprendizagem de arte criada no Grupo de Estudos Estúdio de Pintura Apotheke, ancorado na Filosofia da Arte como experiência de John Dewey (1859-1952).
Contribuições de um núcleo de estudos na consolidação de políticas públicas para as mulheres
Authors: Landerdahl Maria Celeste , Vieira Letícia Becker , Pimenta Lizandra Flores , Fraga Rosana Vargas , Hentges Karine Jacques , Morais Mariana Resener de
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de origem e desenvolvimento de um núcleo de estudos em saúde da mulher, cujas ações ultrapassam as questões biológicas da saúde feminina. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência a partir das vivências no desenvolvimento de atividades de extensão e pesquisa do Núcleo de Estudos sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Políticas Públicas – NEMGeP, do Departamento de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM. Resultados: destacam-se ações de extensão relevantes e pesquisas nas temáticas gênero, violência contra as mulheres e mulheres na construção civil. Conclusão: Destaca-se a necessidade de as instituições formadoras e grupos/núcleos de estudos e pesquisas se alinharem às premissas das políticas públicas, como forma de preparar profissionais atentos e sensíveis à redução de desigualdades, respeito à diversidade cultural, inclusão social e configurando-se como possíveis mediadores de processos de autonomia das mulheres.
Perfil dos pacientes atendidos na sala de emergência do pronto socorro de um hospital universitário
Authors: Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Rosa Tiago De Paula , Tavares Juliana Petri , Lima Suzinara Beatriz Soares de , Schimidt Maria Denise , Silva Rosângela Marion da
Published: April 2018

Este estudo objetivou traçar um perfil dos pacientes atendidos na sala de emergência do Pronto-Socorro de um hospital universitário do Rio Grande do Sul. Este estudo objetivou traçar um perfil dos pacientes atendidos na sala de emergência do Pronto-Socorro de um hospital universitário do Rio Grande do Sul. Estudo transversal com 47 pacientes selecionados por conveniência em que se aplicou um formulário semi-estruturado, contendo variáveis sociodemográficos e relacionadas ao atendimento. A coleta de dados ocorreu em setembro e outubro de 2009. Os dados foram organizados no programa Excel, utilizando-se análise estatística descritiva. Evidenciou-se que 74,5% das pessoas atendidas são do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 31 a 60 anos (48,9%), casados (61,7%) e com ensino fundamental incompleto (70,2%). A principal causa de atendimento foi por trauma leve (31,9%) e Acidente Vascular Cerebral (8,5%), predominantemente no turno da tarde (49%). A maioria das pessoas atendidas (92%) permaneceu internada no pronto-socorro. O conhecimento do perfil dos pacientes atendidos contribui para o planejamento e execução de ações que visem atender ao ser humano com qualidade.
Adolescer de crianças infectadas por transmissão vertical do HIV: implicações para o cuidado de enfermagem
Authors: Souza Thaís Silva de , Cabral Ivone Evangelista , Paula Cristiane Cardoso de
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: descrever as demandas sociais e de saúde das crianças que têm HIV/AIDS por transmissão vertical na transição da infância para a adolescência. Método: pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa de natureza descritiva, aprovada em Comitê de Ética (096/06-EEAN/UFRJ; 09/07-IPPMG/UFRJ; 36/07-HUGG/UNIRIO). As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevista, com 11 crianças, entre 12-14 anos, que conheciam o diagnóstico. Foi desenvolvida análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: foram identificadas as demandas sociais do adolescer: relacionamentos, atividades, convivência escolar, namoro; e as demandas de saúde do adoecer: revelação do diagnóstico, seguimento hospitalar, tratamento medicamentoso, preconceito, futuro. Conclusão: Diante do adolescer, a teoria psico-social do desenvolvimento de Erikson mostrou-se coerente às demandas sociais, porém não contempla as demandas da necessidade especial de saúde dessas crianças. O cuidado à saúde precisa contemplar o acompanhamento das crianças e suas famílias durante o desenvolvimento puberal e o processo de adoecimento.
Agentes comunitários de saúde: atribuições na saúde da criança
Authors: Bittencourt Fabíola Santos , Pereira Paula Lenhart , Gonzaga Susana Maria , Boehs Astrid Eggert , Heidemann Ivonete Schulter Buss , Báfica Ana Cristina Magalhães Fernandes
Published: April 2018

Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva-exploratória que teve por objetivo apresentar as atribuições dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde com famílias de crianças de zero a seis anos vinculadas a uma equipe da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, identificando as facilidades, dificuldades e dúvidas na sua execução. O local foi um território adstrito a uma unidade básica de saúde, utilizando as técnicas de observação nas visitas domiciliares, entrevista individual e oficina com um total de 15 agentes. Os dados categorizados foram discutidos à luz da Teoria Transcultural de Enfermagem e outros autores. Surgiram as categorias: o planejamento e coleta de dados nas visitas domiciliares; facilidades, dificuldades e dúvidas na visita domiciliar. Conclui-se que, ao se dar voz para os agentes, há possibilidades da troca de experiências e conhecimentos entre os sistemas popular e profissional de cuidado.
ECOSYSTEM SERVICE ASSESSMENT IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED BY USING TOPMODEL
Authors: MUKAE Kosuke , MIWA Koji , OKAZAWA Hiromu , FUJIKAWA Tomonori
Published: April 2018

In Millennium Ecosystem Assessment established by the United Nations, theecosystem services (ES) provide benefits for human life as well as theenvironment. There is “regulating services” among all the supporting services. As aregulatory service, forests alleviate the flood risk after heavy rain by storingrainfall temporarily into forestlands and prevent the sudden increase in riverdischarge. The purpose of this research is to develop a hydrological modelling toassess this service in a watershed where consists of not only forestland but alsograssland. TOPMODEL is applied for the quantification. This model was inventedto forecast river discharge in watersheds where the land use is uniform. However,the model has not been applied to a watershed where agricultural and forest areaare mixed in Japan. This research aimed to develop TOPMODEL to apply to suchcomplexed land use. Because the targeted watershed is consisted of two land-usetypes, TOPMODEL was applied in each grassland and forestland. It predicted theriver discharge by combining the predicted discharge from the different types ofland calculated by TOPMODEL. The result confirmed that by developing themodel, it was able to assess the water discharge from the both grassland andforestland in a watershed. The developed model also showed the betterreproducibility of river-discharge prediction than the conventional TOPMODEL.In addition, it clarified that the forestland stores more water than grassland into theground. Therefore, the effect of flood control which is the regulatory service of ESwas assessable through the developed model.
BIODIGESTER BALES: METHOD FOR THE ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIC RESIDUES
Authors: VELÁZQUEZ CIGARROA Erasmo , OSSA CARRASQUILLA Laura Catalina , JARQUÍN SÁNCHEZ Natalia Helena , VICTORINO RAMÍREZ Liberio
Published: April 2018

The environmental and public health problems by inadequate management oforganic waste continue to worsen in many parts of the world. The high rates ofwaste generation associated with deficiencies in collection and treatment servicesare a source of negative impacts; the inadequate disposition of the material boundto an incorrect separation causes proliferation of pest species, bad smells, toxicgases formation, fumes and dust that contribute to the contamination of theecosystems. The cause of these problems that alter the quality of the environmentand the health of the people is certainly of anthropic origin, because in nature, therecycling of nutrients is an essential function for life. In view of this scenario, it isproposed the implementation of an ecological method, alternative to traditionalcompost, which has been proven effective by developing it in higher educationinstitutions and university. Among the benefits offered is the management of tonsof organic material in small spaces, the sustainable use of waste derived from foodconsumed in schools, among others. Studies for the analysis and evaluation of thephysicochemical and nutritional quality of the organic fertilizer obtained indifferent climatic conditions, from biodigester bales assembled in Medellín,Colombia and Texcoco, Mexico, showed favorable amounts of nutrients thatbenefit the growth of seedlings planted in the same bale or when applied asfertilizer in gardens and orchards. Therefore, the development of this proposal alsobenefits the urban and ecological agriculture areas.
DETECTION OF HONEY BEE VIRUSES ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE
Authors: SHYBANOV Stanislav , KHARINA Alla , STAKHURSKA Oksana , SNIHUR Galyna , KOMPANETS Taras
Published: April 2018

A survey of honey bee viruses on the territory of Ukraine has been conducted forthe first time in 2016-2017 years. The samples of adult bees, affected combs andmites were collected from apiaries in two regions (Kyiv and Cherkasy). Detailedstudying of the bee samples revealed following morphological changes: deformedwings, saccular brood, blackened pistil, changing of the body color. Virus-likeparticles were observed under TEM after purification of bee samples.Symptomless samples were also analyzed for the presence of bee viruses by RTPCR.According to results of RT-PCR, we concluded that the following virusescirculate on the territory of Ukraine: Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV), KashmirBee Virus (KBV), Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV), Black Queen Cell Virus(BQCV), Sacbrood Bee Virus (SBV) Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV). Takentogether, these data indicate that bee virus infections occur in bee populations onthe territory of Ukraine. Despite the lack of symptoms viruses are often present incolonies and environmental factors might result disease outbreaks that lead to theactivation of viral replication in bees.
POLYMORPHISMS IN CANDIDATE GENES FOR BEEF QUALITY IN PINZGAU CATTLE
Authors: TRAKOVICKÁ Anna , MORAVČÍKOVÁ Nina , NÁDASKÝ Rudolf , KASARDA Radovan
Published: April 2018

The aim of present study was to identify the polymorphisms in genes encodingcalpastatin (CASTUoG), calpain (CAPN1, CAPN2), diacylglycerol Oacyltransferase(DGAT1), thyroglobulin (TG5), and Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase(SCD) in order to analyse genetic structure of Pinzgau cattle. The genomic DNAfor genotyping was obtained from in total 56 blood samples of Pinzgau bulls. Afterextraction, the concentration of DNA was controlled by the spectrophotometrymeasurement. The genotyping of each individual was carried out by using PCRRFLPmethods. The average value of observed (0.37±0.05) and expectedheterozygosity (0.39±0.06) clearly indicated the prevalence of homozygousindividuals. Observed Wright's fixation indexes showed positive values across allloci (0.03±0.06), which confirmed slight deficiency of heterozygote animalscompared to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations. The Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium was found in population, which signalizes only slight impact of factorssuch as selection, migration or inbreeding. The effectiveness of loci allele impact inpopulations has been described also by effective allele numbers (1.68±0.13) thatexpressed the decrease of allele activity in population. The loss of heterozygosityin analysed population was found across all of genetic markers. Each of theevaluated indicators clearly points to the need of genetic diversity monitoring.Moreover, the analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes significantlyinvolved in control of economically important production traits are still very usablemethods for identification of genetic markers that can be used in marker assistedselection of cattle.
Functional roles of Mg2+ binding sites in ion-dependent gating of a Mg2+ channel, MgtE, revealed by solution NMR
Authors: Maruyama Tatsuro , Imai Shunsuke , Kusakizako Tsukasa , Hattori Motoyuki , Ishitani Ryuichiro , Nureki Osamu , Ito Koichi , Maturana Andrès D , Shimada Ichio , Osawa Masanori
Published: April 2018

Magnesium ions (Mg2+) are divalent cations essential for various cellular functions. Mg2+ homeostasis is maintained through Mg2+ channels such as MgtE, a prokaryotic Mg2+ channel whose gating is regulated by intracellular Mg2+ levels. Our previous crystal structure of MgtE in the Mg2+-bound, closed state revealed the existence of seven crystallographically-independent Mg2+-binding sites, Mg1–Mg7. The role of Mg2+-binding to each site in channel closure remains unknown. Here, we investigated Mg2+-dependent changes in the structure and dynamics of MgtE using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Mg2+-titration experiments, using wild-type and mutant forms of MgtE, revealed that the Mg2+ binding sites Mg1, Mg2, Mg3, and Mg6, exhibited cooperativity and a higher affinity for Mg2+, enabling the remaining Mg2+ binding sites, Mg4, Mg5, and Mg7, to play important roles in channel closure. This study revealed the role of each Mg2+-binding site in MgtE gating, underlying the mechanism of cellular Mg2+ homeostasis.
Prezerwatywa, kondom, gumka – o nazwach pewnego środka antykoncepcyjnego i ochronnego w historii polszczyzny
Authors: Pacuła Jarosław Grzegorz
Published: April 2018

W artykule omówiono funkcjonujące w polszczyźnie nazwy prezerwatywy. Oglądowi towarzyszy perspektywa historycznojęzykowa. Autor przedstawia proces kształtowania się bogatej synonimii nazewniczej, sięgając do leksyki należącej do różnych rejestrów (odmian) języka. W tekście przywołano ilustrakcje tekstowe z XV wieku i stuleci późniejszych. Artykuł zawiera uwagi związane z etymologią poszczególnych określeń; uwydatnia momenty zapożyczania poszczególnych form i znaczeń z języków obcych.
Evolução Espacial do Emprego Formal nas Indústrias das Metrópoles Nordestinas (1994/2004)
Authors: Pereira William Eufrásio Nunes
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho tem por intuito analisar a evolução espacial do emprego formal nas metrópoles nordestinas. Partindo-se da concepção de que o aglomerado urbano metropolitano apresenta um núcleo e uma periferia, utilizam-se os dados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, de forma desagregada - nas duas esferas - visando perceber quais os rumos que o emprego formal na indústria assumiu no período 1994/2004. Assim, pretende-se nesse trabalho apresentar e avaliar comparativamente a evolução do emprego formal industrial nos núcleos das metrópoles frente a sua periferia. Busca-se perceber se nos últimos anos o emprego formal na indústria das metrópoles nordestinas cresceu mais no núcleo ou na periferia.
Considerações sobre a identificação dos fatores de formação do preço da soja no estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Martinez Bryan Mariano , Espinoza Mariano Martinez , Bari Mamadu Lamarana , Zavala Arturo Alejandro Zavala , Sousa João
Published: April 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar fatores que mais influenciaram na formação do preço da soja no estado de Mato Grosso em 2011. Considerando que a soja é uma das culturas de grande relevância para a economia do estado e, de maneira geral, para o Brasil, devido ao país ocupar lugar de destaque no cenário mundial e do complexo de soja representar aproximadamente um terço do agronegócio brasileiro, é importante analisar quais são os principais fatores que mais influenciam na formação do preço da soja. Para este estudo, foram consideradas as técnicas de análise multivariada, especificamente Análise Fatorial e Análise de Agrupamento. Os resultados do estudo mostram que as variáveis que mais contribuem com a formação do custo da soja, das variáveis consideradas, foram a soja Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), operações agrícolas, o preço do dólar e o preço do diesel.
Otimização dos custos de transporte para exportação da pluma de algodão: contraste entre Mato Grosso e Bahia
Authors: Machado Rosana Sinfuentes , Pereira Benedito Dias , Muniz Meiresângela Miranda , Pallaoro Dryelle Sifuentes
Published: April 2018

Como os custos de transportes representam uma dos mais relevantes elementos da competitividade das economias regionais, com adoção da Pesquisa Operacional (Método Simplex), posteriormente comparados entre si, estimam-se valores que minimizam esses custos ao longo dos principais itinerários usados pelos exportadores de algodão em pluma até os Portos de Santos (SP) e Paranaguá (PR) das duas unidades federativas do Brasil que atualmente mais se destacam na produção e na exportação desse bem: Mato Grosso e Bahia. Os resultados estimados revelam que a exportação com origem na Bahia apresenta maior vantagem competitiva nesse contraste em decorrência dos menores custos incorridos pelos cotonicultores localizados nessa unidade.
A região Nordeste: disparidades interestaduais e desigualdade econômica e social, 1960-1990
Authors: Lima Sérgio Ricardo Ribeiro , Barreto Ricardo Candéa Sá
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o comportamento econômico e social da região Nordeste de meados do século XX até início do século XXI. A sua evolução histórica foi marcada pelo atraso econômico e social e pelas disparidades econômicas regionais que repercutiram em desigualdades sociais regionais profundas, apesar do crescimento significativo. A possibilidade de correção das desigualdades foi pensada em meados de 1950, através de políticas de industrialização. Mas, apesar desta, a mesma mantém-se em atraso relativo em relação ao Sul do país, pelo alto nível de pobreza que ainda perdura. Observou-se que o significativo crescimento econômico da região Nordeste no período considerado concentrou-se basicamente em três estados: Pernambuco, Bahia e Ceará. Foi exatamente nesses estados onde houve a maior concentração da renda. Conclui-se que o processo de industrialização via canalização de capitais para a região trouxe um tímido desenvolvimento, ao mesmo tempo que aprofundou as desigualdades sociais.
The effect of pointing on spatial working memory in a 3D virtual environment
Authors: Liu Xiaoxing , Thomas Geb W. , Cook Susan W.
Published: April 2018

Pointing to locations can either help or hinder people's ability to recall spatial information. Prior research has focused on two‐dimensional spatial memory and pointing in real world tasks. The effect of pointing on three‐dimensional spatial memory in virtual environments remains unexplored. We examine this effect by comparing participants' recall when they point to and memorize a series of three‐dimensional locations using a gesture interface, and when they only passively view and memorize the spatial array. Thirty‐three participants completed 50 trials in both conditions. The results reveal that pointing has a negative effect on memory in the three‐dimensional virtual environment. These findings held across memory in the x–y plane of the computer screen as well as memory in the virtual third dimension. When they pointed during encoding, participants also responded more slowly, suggesting a higher cognitive load. Thus, active pointing may cause interference when users are simultaneously performing spatial memorization tasks.
Long‐Range Nonvolatile Electric Field Effect in Epitaxial Fe/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 Heterostructures
Authors: Zhou Cai , Shen Lvkang , Liu Ming , Gao Cunxu , Jia Chenglong , Jiang Changjun , Xue Desheng
Published: April 2018

One of the ideal candidates of using electric field to manipulate magnetism is the recently developed multiferroics with emergent coupling of magnetism and electricity, particularly in synthesizing artificial nanoscale ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. Here, a long‐range nonvolatile electric field effect is investigated in Fe/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 heterostructure using the dependence of the magnon‐driven magnetoelectric coupling on the epitaxial Fe thin film (4–30 nm) thickness at room temperature using measurements based on the ferromagnetic resonance. The magnon‐driven magnetoelectric coupling tuning of the ferromagnetic resonance field shows a linear response to the electric field, with a resonance field shift that occurs under both positive and negative remanent polarizations, and demonstrates nonvolatile behavior. Moreover, the spin diffusion length of the epitaxial Fe thin film of ≈9 nm is obtained from the results that the change of the cubic magnetocrystalline anisotropy field under different electric fields varies with Fe thickness. These results are promising for the design of future multiferroic devices.
Facile Fabrication of Highly Dispersed Pd@Ag Core–Shell Nanoparticles Embedded in Spirulina platensis by Electroless Deposition and Their Catalytic Properties
Authors: Sun Lili , Zhang Deyuan , Sun Yanming , Wang Suying , Cai Jun
Published: April 2018

Microorganisms are widely used as the biotemplates for producing micro/nanomaterials owing to their unique features, such as exquisite morphology, renewable, and environmentally friendly. However, mass intracellular synthesis of uniformly dispersed nanoparticles (NPs) inside microorganisms is still challenging, especially in a predictable and controllable manner. Here, a facile and efficiency strategy is proposed to controllably produce highly dispersed and surfactant‐free Pd@Ag core–shell NPs within the Spirulina platensis (Sp.) cells. In this approach, the Sp. cells' permeability is enhanced by the hydrochloric acid treatment first, which enables the Pd NPs penetrate the cell envelope and distribute uniformly inside the cells, and then they can work as the catalytic seeds for the following electroless silver deposition, resulting in the intracellular fabrication of Pd@Ag core–shell NPs with no agglomeration. The Pd@Ag NPs show excellent catalytic activity (turnover frequency is up to 2893 h−1 for the 6.32 nm Pd@Ag NPs), good stability, and recyclability toward the 4‐nitrophenol reductions. The excellent properties are attributed to the asymmetrical core–shell structure, small size, and good dispersion of Pd@Ag NPs. Due to its facility, cost‐effectiveness, and versatility, this method can be expanded to other microorganisms, so it opens tremendous opportunities for various metallic nanoparticles intracellular synthesis as well as the practical application.
A Self‐Powered Brain‐Linked Vision Electronic‐Skin Based on Triboelectric‐Photodetecing Pixel‐Addressable Matrix for Visual‐Image Recognition and Behavior Intervention
Authors: Dai Yitong , Fu Yongming , Zeng Hui , Xing Lili , Zhang Yan , Zhan Yang , Xue Xinyu
Published: April 2018

A new self‐powered brain‐linked vision electronic‐skin (e‐skin) for mimicking retina is realized from Polypyrrole/Polydimethysiloxane (Ppy/PDMS) triboelectric‐photodetecting pixel‐addressable matrix. The e‐skin can be driven by human motion, so no external electricity power is needed in both photodetecting and signal transmitting processes. The triboelectric output is significantly dependent on the photo illumination, which can act as visual bionic electric impulse. Taking blue illumination (405 nm) as an example, as the e‐skin is exposed to 100 µW cm−2 illumination, the output current decreases from 7.5 to 4.9 nA, and the photosensitivity is 34.7. And the photosensitivity of the e‐skin keeps stable with different bending angles and force. The e‐skin is flexible enough to combine with human body and can be driven by blinking eyes to detect UV illumination. In addition, the 4 × 4 photodetecting unit matrix in the e‐skin can map single‐point and multipoint illumination‐stimuli (visual‐image recognition) via the multichannel data acquisition method. Furthermore, the e‐skin can directly transmit photodetecting signals into mouse brain for participating in the perception and behavior intervention. This new self‐powered perception device can lower down the production cost of traditional complex sensory‐substitution system, and can be easily extended to various brain–machine interaction applications.
Improved Molecular Stacking and Data‐Storage Performance of Pyridine‐ and Pyrimidine‐Substituted Small Molecules
Authors: Zhang Qijian , Wang Gang , Li Hui , Zhu Fengjuan , Li Hua , Lu Jianmei
Published: April 2018

The molecular stacking in film state has been confirmed to have an important influence on electronic properties of organic semiconductors. Thus, how to improve the molecular stacking and the corresponding device performance through molecular design is a difficult question that researches want to figure out. In this work, three small molecules with different bridge‐spacers, phenyl ring, pyridine, and pyrimidine, are designed to study the effect of nitrogen amount on molecular stacking in film state. The infrared spectroscopy in solution and film states are first measured to consider the hydrogen bond between the neighboring molecules, which can induce ordered molecular stacking through intermolecular interaction. X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and grazing incidence small angle X‐ray scattering measurements confirm the ordered molecular stacking and crystalline orientation of nitrogenous heterocycles substituted molecules in film state. Additionally, nitrogenous heterocycles substituted molecules exhibit the excellent ternary data‐storage properties with low threshold voltage and high current ratio. This result presents the strategy for designing novel small molecules with excellent molecular stacking in film state.
Interfacial Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic Dual Temperature Responsive Actuating Janus Particles
Authors: Hessberger Tristan , Braun Lukas B. , Zentel Rudolf
Published: April 2018

Amphiphilic Janus particles feature the combination of two different functional materials in one single colloid, as well as the possibility of self‐assembly at interfaces into complex superstructures. In this article, the self‐assembly of dual temperature responsive amphiphilic Janus particles at liquid–liquid interfaces and their subsequent conversion into an actuating layer‐shaped surface are presented. These microparticles are produced in a capillaries based continuous flow microfluidic device by photoinitiated radical polymerization. The hydrophobic part of the Janus particles contains a liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE), which performs a strong actuation up to 95% during the nematic–isotropic phase transition. The other side consists of a p(NIPAAm) hydrogel, which features volumetric expansions up to 280% below the lower critical solution temperature. A multistep molding process is developed to uniformly align the Janus particles at a toluene/water boundary surface and to embed the particles into a hydrogel matrix. A particle covered hydrogel layer is obtained, which features a collective actuation of the rod‐like LCE parts on the surface and a bundling of the resulting forces during the phase transition.
Chirality Dependent Charge Transfer Rate in Oligopeptides
Authors: Tassinari Francesco , Jayarathna Dilhara R. , Kantor‐Uriel Nirit , Davis Kathryn L. , Varade Vaibhav , Achim Catalina , Naaman Ron
Published: April 2018

It is shown that “spontaneous magnetization” occurs when chiral oligopeptides are attached to ferrocene and are self‐assembled on a gold substrate. As a result, the electron transfer, measured by electrochemistry, shows asymmetry in the reduction and oxidation rate constants; this asymmetry is reversed between the two enantiomers. The results can be explained by the chiral induced spin selectivity of the electron transfer. The measured magnetization shows high anisotropy and the “easy axis” of magnetization is along the molecular axis.
Glassomer—Processing Fused Silica Glass Like a Polymer
Authors: Kotz Frederik , Schneider Norbert , Striegel Andreas , Wolfschläger Andre , Keller Nico , Worgull Matthias , Bauer Werner , Schild Dieter , Milich Marcel , Greiner Christian , Helmer Dorothea , Rapp Bastian E.
Published: April 2018

Fused silica glass is one of the most important high‐performance materials for scientific research, industry, and society. However due to its high chemical and thermal resistance as well as high hardness, fused silica glass is notoriously difficult to structure. This work introduces Glassomer, a solid nanocomposite, which can be structured using polymer molding and subtractive technologies at submicrometer resolution. After polymer processing Glassomer is turned into optical grade fused silica glass during a final heat treatment. The resulting glass has the same optical transparency as commercial fused silica and a smooth surface with a roughness of a few nanometers. This work makes high‐performance fused silica glass components accessible to high‐throughput fabrication technologies and will enable numerous optical, photonic and medical applications in science and industry.
Oxidized Laser‐Induced Graphene for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Jibo , Ren Muqing , Wang Luqing , Li Yilun , Yakobson Boris I. , Tour James M.
Published: April 2018

An efficient metal‐free catalyst is presented for oxygen evolution and reduction based on oxidized laser‐induced graphene (LIG‐O). The oxidation of LIG by O2 plasma to form LIG‐O boosts its performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), exhibiting a low onset potential of 260 mV with a low Tafel slope of 49 mV dec−1, as well as an increased activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. Additionally, LIG‐O shows unexpectedly high activity in catalyzing Li2O2 decomposition in Li‐O2 batteries. The overpotential upon charging is decreased from 1.01 V in LIG to 0.63 V in LIG‐O. The oxygen‐containing groups make essential contributions, not only by providing the active sites, but also by facilitating the adsorption of OER intermediates and lowering the activation energy.
Self‐Assembled Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Near‐Infrared Afterglow Imaging of Metastatic Tumors
Authors: Xie Chen , Zhen Xu , Miao Qingqing , Lyu Yan , Pu Kanyi
Published: April 2018

Detection of metastatic tumor tissues is crucial for cancer therapy; however, fluorescence agents that allow to do share the disadvantage of low signal‐to‐background ratio due to tissue autofluorescence. The development of amphiphilic poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) derivatives that can self‐assemble into the nanoagent (SPPVN) in biological solutions and emit near‐infrared afterglow luminescence after cessation of light irradiation for ultrasensitive imaging of metastatic tumors in living mice is herein reported. As compared with the counterpart nanoparticle (PPVP) prepared from the hydrophobic PPV derivate, SPPVN has smaller size, higher energy transfer efficiency, and brighter afterglow luminescence. Moreover, due to the higher PEG density of SPPVN relative to PPVP poly(ethylene glycol), SPPVN has a better accumulation in tumor. Such a high sensitivity and ideal biodistribution allow SPPVN to rapidly detect xenograft tumors with the size as small as 1 mm3 and tiny peritoneal metastatic tumors that are almost invisible to naked eye, which is not possible for PPVP. Moreover, the oxygen‐sensitive afterglow makes SPPVN potentially useful for in vivo imaging of oxygen levels. By virtue of enzymatic biodegradability and ideal in vivo clearance, these organic agents can serve as a platform for the construction of advanced afterglow imaging tools.
Adamantanes Enhance the Photovoltaic Performance and Operational Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells by Effective Mitigation of Interfacial Defect States
Authors: Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi , Bi Dongqin , Pan Linfeng , Hagfeldt Anders , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Grätzel Michael
Published: April 2018

Passivation of electronic defects is an effective strategy to boost the performance and operational stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Identifying molecular materials that achieve this purpose is a key target of current research efforts. Here, adamantane (AD) and 1‐adamantylamine (ADA) are introduced as molecular modulators to abate electronic defects present within the bulk and at the perovskite–hole conductor interface. To this effect, the modulator is added either into the antisolvent (AS) to precipitate it together with the perovskite (AS method) or they are spin coated (SC) onto its surface (SC method). Time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements show substantially longer lifetimes for perovskite films treated with AD and ADA compared to the reference sample. In line with this observation, it is found that the presence of AD and ADA molecules at the interface between the perovskite film and the hole conductor increases all photovoltaic metrics, in particular the open circuit photovoltage (V
oc) as well as the operational stability of the PSC.