bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representaciones sociales sobre las altas capacidades entre estudiantes en formación docente
Authors: Baquero Gomide Fabiola , Guillén Martín Verónica Marina , Gallego Álvarez Teresa , Llinares-Insa Lucía Inmaculada , Casino García Ana Maria , Ibáñez García Alba
Published: July 2024

Este estudio examina las concepciones y creencias arraigadas en la escuela acerca de las altas capacidades, que pueden obstaculizar el adecuado desarrollo educativo y la atención a la diversidad de este alumnado, a través del análisis de las representaciones sociales presentes entre estudiantes universitarios en formación docente. La investigación tiene un enfoque mixto, utilizando para su análisis la teoría de representaciones sociales por medio de un análisis prototípico de palabras, con la participación de 274 individuos. Los resultados revelan que la palabra “inteligente” prevalece en todas las representaciones sociales, mientras que los elementos periféricos varían y se relacionan más con aspectos socioemocionales. La formación académica se destaca como un elemento importante que desestabiliza el núcleo central de la representación, ofreciendo una visión más holística del concepto. En la percepción colectiva del grupo investigado, se identifican varios mitos, estereotipos y falsas creencias. Entre ellos, destaca la creencia en la idea de que las altas capacidades son innatas. Además, persiste el estereotipo de que este alumnado siempre sobresale en rendimiento, y la presencia de dificultades en su adaptación personal y social.
 
Social representations of giftedness among university students in preservice teacher
Abstract
This study examines the conceptions and beliefs entrenched in schools regarding giftedness, which hinder the proper educational development and attention to the diversity of these students. It focuses on the social representations present among university students in preservice teacher. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, utilizing social representations theory through prototypical word analysis, with the participation of 274 individuals. The results reveal that the word “intelligent” prevails in all social representations, while peripheral elements vary and are more related to socioemotional aspects. Academic training stands out as an important element that destabilizes the central core of the representation, offering a more holistic view of the concept. In the collective perception of the investigated group, several myths, stereotypes, and false beliefs are identified. Among them, the belief in the idea that giftedness is innate stands out. Additionally, the stereotype persists that these students always excel in performance and face difficulties in their personal and social adaptation.
De las muertas de Juárez a los feminicidios del siglo XXI. Una reflexión en el presente
Authors: Tirado Villegas Gloria Arminda , Carreto Tirado Laura
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este texto es analizar los planteamientos de algunas teóricas feministas sobre la situación de violencia contra las mujeres, una constante que se ha recrudecido últimamente. El periodo de estudio abarca desde lo que se llamó “las muertas de Juárez” hasta lo que actualmente se vive hoy, el incremento de feminicidios en varios estados del país. Las protestas recientes de las feministas por esta situación han generado polémicas; en la prensa escrita y en los noticieros abundan imágenes de los daños ocasionados a inmuebles históricos; en muchas notas y en las redes sociales se cuestiona a las manifestantes, pero se evade el tratamiento a fondo del fenómeno violento de las desaparecidas, de la trata de mujeres y los feminicidios. Las colectivas feministas, con justa razón, se han concentrado en planteles educativos ante la ineficacia de las autoridades. La historia no puede quedarse en el pasado, debemos intentar explicar nuestro presente y refrendar nuestro compromiso con las mujeres porque parece que se avanza un paso, pero se retroceden dos.
El aborto un problema de clase en México
Authors: Gaytán Villalpando Beatriz Adriana
Published: July 2024

Nos referimos al aborto como problema social porque a través de la perspectiva de género, las fuentes indican la inexistencia de una implementación eficaz de métodos anticonceptivos y educación sexual; los servicios de aborto han sido inaccesibles para las mujeres pobres; y con la restricción de las leyes se ha tenido como consecuencia que se siga lucrando con el servicio del aborto, sin condiciones sanitarias y conocimientos médicos certificados y, por lo tanto, no se ha garantizado la integridad física y emocional de la mujer. El delito del aborto es un tema polémico, polarizado y sensible, objeto de importantes disertaciones, por lo que aquí se busca problematizar ¿Cuáles son los escenarios que se le presentan a las mujeres pobres que deciden abortar?, haciendo hincapié que el duelo lo viven todas independientemente del estrato social, sin embargo, las que viven en situación de pobreza lo viven de manera traumática.
Autosacrificio y Violencia. Los Kamikazes y su sacrificio como instrumento de salvación del honor del imperio japonés
Authors: Gómez García Lidia Ernestina , Rojas Rodríguez Diego
Published: July 2024

Violencia, negociación y resolución de conflicto son conceptos usados en investigaciones sobre estos temas en las últimas décadas. Se refieren a ellos como parte de un proceso en constante transformación, de tal dimensión que podemos hablar de la violencia como mecanismo de resolución del conflicto (Meneses Reyes, 2020). Por ello en su análisis historiográfico es necesario entender los contextos como categoría de análisis (Montoya y Muñoz, 2018). Esta ponencia pretende analizar cómo la violencia representada en el autosacrificio revela un contexto que produjo la resolución del conflicto. El objeto de estudio es la fuerza especial kamikazes, durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que se debió a una combinación de distintos factores, incluyendo la creciente desesperación de Japón ante las derrotas militares y la presión de mantener su posición. La falta de recursos y la creencia en el honor y el deber, contribuyó a la aceptación de tácticas suicidas como una forma de resistencia extrema para la salvación de su gran imperio.
Masculinidades tóxicas en la narrativa de Elena Garro
Authors: Ochoa García María del Rocío
Published: July 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar los comportamientos de varones que presentan características de masculinidades tóxicas en la literatura escrita por Elena Garro, principalmente en sus textos narrativos. Una de las funciones sociales de la literatura es interpretar la realidad desde la perspectiva de las y los escritores. En este sentido, la autora poblana se caracteriza por recrear en sus numerosos cuentos y novelas situaciones de violencia, de todo tipo, que los hombres ejercen hacia sus parejas formales -novias, esposas y amantes- y hacia sus hijas en sociedades patriarcales de varias partes del mundo. Elena nos muestra qué ocurre a las mujeres que permanecen cerca de ellos y qué pasa a aquellas que consiguen liberarse de sus dominios.
Modeling smart electrical microgrid with demand response and storage systems for optimal operation in critical conditions
Authors: Wang Xuan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhou Feng , Xu Xiang , Chammam A.B. , Ali A.M.
Published: July 2024

This study examines the issue in standard and operational scenarios of microgrids that arise during critical conditions. Initially, the ideal energy storage size and discharge depth are identified for optimal microgrid planning under operating conditions. Subsequently, by utilizing the energy storage system and load response, the microgrid’s vulnerability is reduced and the cost of load shedding is minimized when in critical conditions, leading to the microgrid being disconnected from the main network and operating in island mode. This model aims to analyze how the system performance is influenced by the presence of storage systems and load response programs in a numerical scenario, particularly during severe weather events. In addition, the study examines the role of advanced control algorithms and communication systems in optimizing the operation of the microgrid. By implementing smart grid technologies, the microgrid can better manage its energy resources, anticipate fluctuations in demand, and respond quickly to changing conditions. This proactive approach helps to ensure the stability and reliability of the microgrid, even in the face of unforeseen challenges. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing microgrids in both normal and emergency situations. By identifying the most effective energy storage solutions, load response strategies, renewable energy integration methods, and advanced control systems, the study aims to enhance the resilience, efficiency, and sustainability of microgrid systems in the future. The results of the proposed approach in critical operational mode represent the optimal condition of the electrical microgrid with minimum cost and load shedding considering storage systems and load response programs.
Cause-and-effect relationship between violations of fire safety regulations and fire consequences as a subject of forensic fire expertise
Authors: LOBAEV I.A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, MALKO V.A. , PLESHAKOV V.V. , KHODIKOVA N.A. , CHEPRAKOVA V.R. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The article is devoted to the current problem of improving methodology of expert fire investigation in terms of establishing presence (absence) of cause-and-effect relationship between violations of fire safety regulations and the consequences of a fire. Methods. The scientific basis for the study was a system analysis, methods of information synthesis and expert analysis. Findings. The analysis of the main stages of methodology development, as well as its current state leads to the conclusion about the need for its modification, taking into account fundamental logical and ontological characteristics of causeand-effect relationship. In particular, it must be considered that a cause is a necessary and sufficient condition for its effect. An algorithm for determining presence or absence of a causal relationship between violations of fire safety regulations and occurred negative consequences of a fire is proposed. Research application field. The obtained results can be used in solving problems of fire expertise, as well as in further development of methods for determining presence or absence of a causal relationship between violations of fire safety regulations and occurred negative consequences of a fire. Conclusions. Ways for improving expert research schemes which will allow avoiding mistakes when solving a number of tasks have been proposed.
Immunohistochemical characterization of inflammatory infiltrates in unstable vitiligo
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Mishra Pallavi , Yadav Amit Kumar , Khunger Niti
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Disease instability in vitiligo is a prominent step during the development or extension of disease. The presence of marked inflammatory infiltrate may be considered a diagnostic clue for disease instability. However, there is a paucity of literature regarding this. Therefore, the present study was carried out to characterize the nature of inflammatory infiltration in cases of unstable vitiligo.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty patients of unstable vitiligo diagnosed clinically were enrolled and two biopsies: Lesional and perilesional obtained. Histopathological examination with respect to five parameters, i.e., spongiosis, epidermal lymphocytes, basal cell vacuolation, dermal lymphocytes, and melanophages was done including histological scoring. Immunohistochemical characterization was done for T lymphocytes, Langerhans cells (LCs), macrophages, and B cells by studying their number and distribution.

Statistical analysis:

Statistical analysis was done using Spearman’s rank coefficient correlation test.

Results:

Mean T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and LC count were significantly higher in lesional skin. The three parameters correlated with vitiligo histological score. T cells were present more frequently in the dermis and stratum basale. Macrophages were found more in the dermis whereas LC was mainly located in the epidermis.

Conclusions:

An increase in the population of inflammatory cells, especially T lymphocytes and LC, may serve as an indicator of unstable vitiligo. The relative distribution of these cells points toward signaling between them and their role in the destruction of melanocytes and keratinocytes. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms may lead to the development of novel targeted therapies.
Assessment of in vitro antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime-avibactam and phenotypic synergy testing with aztreonam against carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacilli in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mishra Swati , Bhoi Priyadarshini , Choudhary Lipsa , Panigrahy Rajashree , Otta Sarita
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Ceftazidime avibactam (CZA) is a drug used against carbapenemase producing Gram-negative bacterial infections. Avibactam (AVI) is a non-beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor which has no action against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) enzymes. This inadequacy is counteracted by combining CZA with aztreonam (ATM). The present study aims to denote the in vitro susceptibility pattern of the CZA and CZA-ATM combination in our area.

Materials and Methods:

In this study conducted prospectively from January to June 2023, the samples growing Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were proceeded for carbapenemase detection by phenotypic testing for EDTA carbapenem inactivation method and modified carbapenem inactivation method. The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC of CZA was determined by E-strip and interpreted as per clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines, while synergy testing of CZA and ATM was performed using ATM discs.

Statistical Analysis:

All data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed for basic statistics.

Results:

The study included 150 carbapenem resistant organisms (131 Enterobactarales and 19 P. aeruginosa). Among these Enterobacterale strains, 72 (54.9%) were MBL producers. CZA resistance was detected in 69.3% of Klebsiella spp., 61.53% of Escherichia coli, and 50% of Serratia spp. Among Klebsiella spp. and E. coli, 88.9% and 65.2% of MBL isolates showed in vitro synergy to CZA-ATM.

Conclusions:

The study highlights a good in vitro sensitivity pattern of the CZA and ATM combination. However, we also highlight a growing percentage of non-synergistic interactions that need further genetic evaluation.
Synthesis, characterisation, DFT and biological evaluation of 4-(1-ethylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-(arylamino)thiazoles
Authors: Harsha J. , Abbs Fen Reji T.F. , Anashafer R.L.
Published: July 2024

The compounds 4-(1-ethylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-(arylamino)thiazoles were expected to have many biological activities and were synthesized from 1,2-diaminobenzene and lactic acid. The synthesized compounds are characterised by FT-IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. Thiazole moiety present in the compounds was found to possess anticancer, anti-HIV activities. Theoretical information on the optimized geometry, vibrational frequencies and atomic charges in the ground state were determined by means of density functional theory (DFT) using standard B3LYP/6-31G basis set with Gaussian ’09 software. Mulliken population analysis was performed on the atomic charges and the HOMO-LUMO energies were calculated. From the HOMO-LUMO energy gap, we know that the charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Docking studies are also done by using PyRx and are visualized by PyMoL software. By 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method, anti-oxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the compounds against A549 cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay.
تطبيق منظومة صناعة العلماء والعلوم والمعرفة السيادية على حالة وطنية
Authors: العبد الجبار عبدالحميد عبدالرحمن , آل سعود بندر عبدالله
Published: July 2024

تهدف هذه الورقة لتقديم مقترح لتطبيق منظومة وطنية مستدامة لصناعة العلماء وإنتاج العلوم والمعرفة السيادية، مستندة على عمل سابق قدم تصورًا منهجيا لهذه المنظومة.  وتبدأ الورقة بعرض خلفية إقليمية تاريخية في مجال الاهتمام بالعلوم وصناعة العلماء ورعايتهم، وفي مجال إنتاج وامتلاك المعرفة السيادية، ونبذة عن الاهتمام المتزايد دوليًا بهذه المنظومة وتطبيقها وتضمينها في السياسات والخطط التنموية. ثم تُوضح علاقة هذه المنظومة بمنظومتي التعليم وريادة الأعمال، ودورها في تحقيق التكامل معهما. وتقدم تحليلًا مفصلًا لتطبيق المنظومة بمكوناتها المختلفة لحالة وطنية محددة ضمن أربعة مجالات تحتوي عناصرها، وهي مجال التخطيط والهيكلة ومجال الممكنات والأدوات ومجال الإنسان ومجال المحتوى المعرفي، حيث يمثل المجالان الأوّلان نطاق المدخلات فيما يمثل الأخيران نطاق المخرجات. ولتوضيح مجالات التطبيق تطرح الورقة بعد ذلك إحدى عشرة مبادرة عملية تشكل في مجموعها أساسًا لتفعيل المنظومة على المستوى الوطني، من أجل الوصول لبيئة تحتضن وترعى التميز والتفوق العلمي وتصنع الكتلة الحرجة المتمثلة في العدد الكافي من العلماء ممن يمتلكون القدرات اللازمة والتمكين، مع الشغف والرؤية والتطلع، لتطوير النظريات العلمية واكتشاف الجديد من الابتكارات والاختراقات العلمية لإنتاج علوم ومعارف تعزز السيادة وتدعم صناعة منتجات حضارية تنافسية. وتؤكد الورقة على أن تناول حالة وطنية محددة، يمنح أفقا لتطبيق هذه المنظومة على دول عربية أخرى.
Revealing Chemical Trends: Insights from Data-Driven Visualisation and Patent Analysis in Exposomics Research
Authors: Aurich Dagny , Schymanski Emma , de Jesus Matias Flavio , Thiessen Paul , Pang Jun
Published: July 2024

Understanding historical chemical usage is crucial for assessing current and past impacts on human health and the environment and informing future regulatory decisions. However, past monitoring data is often limited in scope and number of chemicals, while suitable sample types are not always available for remeasurement. Data-driven cheminformatics methods on patent and literature data offer several opportunities to fill this gap. The chemical stripes were developed as an interactive, open source tool for visualising patent and literature trends over time, inspired by the global warming and biodiversity stripes. This paper details the underlying code and datasets behind the visualisation, with a major focus on the patent data sourced from PubChem, including patent origins, uses, and countries. Overall trends and specific examples are investigated in greater detail to explore both the promise and caveats that such data offers in assessing the trends and patterns of chemical patents over time and across different geographic regions. Despite a number of potential artefacts associated with patent data extraction, the integration of cheminformatics, statistical analysis, and data visualisation tools can help generate valuable insights that can both illuminate the chemical past and potentially serve towards an early warning system for the future.
Simplifying Wheat Quality Assessment: Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Analysis of Variance Simultaneous Component Analysis to Study Regional and Annual Effects
Authors: Freitag Stephan , Anlanger Maximilian , Lippl Maximilian , Mechtler Klemens , Reiter Elisabeth , Grausgruber Heinrich , Krska Rudolf
Published: July 2024

Assessing the quality of wheat, one of humanity's most important crops, in a straightforward manner, is essential. In this study, analysis of variance (ANOVA) simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) paired with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used as an easy-to-implement and environmentally friendly tool for this purpose. The capabilities of combining NIRS with ASCA were demonstrated by studying the effects of sampling site and year on the quality of 180 Austrian wheat samples across four sites over three years. It was found that the year, sample site, and their combination significantly (p < 0.001) affect the NIR spectra of wheat. NIR spectral pre-processing tools, usually employed in chemometric workflows, notably influence the results obtained by ASCA, particularly in terms of the variance attributed to annual and regional effects. The influence of the year was identified as the dominant factor, followed by region and the combined effect of year and sampling site. Interpretation of the loading plots obtained by ASCA demonstrates that wheat components such as proteins, carbohydrates, moisture, or fat contribute to annual and regional differences. Additionally, the protein, starch, moisture, fat, fiber, and ash content of wheat samples obtained using a NIR-based calibration were found to be significantly influenced by year, sampling site, or their combination using ANOVA. This study shows that the combination of ASCA with NIRS simplifies NIR-based quality assessment of wheat without the need for time- and chemical-consuming calibration development.
A Versatile and Fast Photocatalyzed Deoxygenation of Organic N-oxides with a Rhenium Complex in the Presence of H2O
Authors: Joly Nicolas , Kjellberg Marianne , Bouchet Alexis , Nicolas Emmanuel , Cantat Thibault , Anthore-Dalion Lucile
Published: July 2024

The oxidation of N-heterocycles is key to their functionalization since it enhances their reactivity in the ortho position. How-ever, an efficient post-reduction is often required to access the targeted compound. Here, a rhenium-based photocatalyst enables the versatile and fast deoxygenation of N-heterocyclic and alkyl N-oxides, avoiding sacrificial oxophilic reagents. The strong influence of the reaction conditions (solvent, H2O as additive, irradiation set-up) is demonstrated. The system shows a high functional group tolerance towards other reducible functions (free alcohol, carboxylic acid, ester, nitrile, halo-gen,…) and light-sensitive N-heterocycles.
A DFT/MRCI Hamiltonian Parameterized Using Only Ab Initio Data: II. Core-Excited States
Authors: Costain Teagan , Rolston Jibrael , Neville Simon , Schuurman Michael
Published: July 2024

A newly parameterized combined density functional theory and multi-reference configuration interaction (DFT/MRCI) Hamiltonian, termed CVS-QE12, is defined for the computation of K-shell core-excitation and core-ionization energies. This CVS counterpart to the recently reported QE8 Hamiltonian [J. Chem. Phys, 160, 224106 (2024)] is parameterized by fitting to benchmark quality \textit{ab initio} data. The definition of the CVS-QE12 and QE8 Hamiltonians differ from previous CVS-DFT/MRCI parameterizations in three primary ways: (i) the replacement of the BHLYP exchange-correlation functional with QTP17 to yield a balanced description of both core and valence excitation energies, (ii) the adoption of a new, three-parameter damping function, and (iii) the introduction of separate scaling of the core-valence and valence-valence Coulombic interactions. Crucially, the parameters of the CVS-QE12 Hamiltonian are obtained via fitting exclusively to highly accurate ab initio vertical core-excitation and ionization energies computed at the CVS-EOM-CCSDT level of theory. The CVS-QE12 Hamiltonian is validated against further benchmark computations and is found to furnish K-edge core vertical excitation and ionization energies exhibiting absolute errors <=~0.5~eV at low computational cost.
A roadmap towards the synthesis of Life
Authors: Kriebisch Christine , Bantysh Olga , Baranda Lorena , Belluati Andrea , Bertosin Eva , Dai Kun , de Roy Maria , Fu Hailin , Galvanetto Nicola , Gibbs Julianne , Santhosh Gomez Samuel , Granatelli Gaetano , Griffo Alessandra , Guix Maria , Onur Gurdap Cenk , Harth-Kitzerow Johannes , Haugerud Ivar , Häfner Gregor , Jaiswal Pranay , Javed Sadaf , Karimi Ashkan , Kato Shuzo , Kriebisch Brigitte , Laha Sudarshana , Lee Pao-Wan , Lipinski Wojciech , Matreux Thomas , Michaels Thomas , Poppleton Erik , Ruf Alexander , Slootbeek Annemiek , Smokers Iris , Soria-Carrera Héctor , Sorrenti Alessandro , Stasi Michele , Stevenson Alisdair , Thatte Advait , Tran Mai , van Haren Merlijn , Vuijk Hidde , Wickham Shelley , Zambrano Pablo , Adamala Katarzyna , Alim Karen , Andersen Ebbe Sloth , Bonfio Claudia , Braun Dieter , Frey Erwin , Gerland Ulrich , Huck Wilhelm , Jülicher Frank , Laohakunakorn Nadanai , Mahadevan L. , Otto Sijbren , Saenz James , Schwille Petra , Göpfrich Kerstin , Weber Christoph , Boekhoven Job
Published: July 2024

The synthesis of life from non-living matter has captivated scientists for centuries. It is a grand challenge aimed at unraveling the fundamental principles of life and leveraging its unique features, such as resilience, sustainability, and the ability to evolve. Synthetic life holds immense potential in biotechnology, medicine, and materials science. Advancements in synthetic biology, systems chemistry, and biophysics have brought us closer to achieving this ambitious goal. Researchers have successfully assembled cellular components and synthesized biomimetic hardware for synthetic cells, while chemical reaction networks have demonstrated potential for Darwinian evolution. However, numerous challenges persist, including defining terminology and objectives, interdisciplinary collaboration, and addressing ethical aspects and public concerns. Our perspective offers a roadmap toward the engineering of life based on discussions during a two-week workshop with scientists from around the globe.
Ireland's Women in Finance Charter: Annual Report 2024
Authors: Hingre Garance , Russell Helen
Published: July 2024

Ireland’s Women in Finance Charter is an initiative to address gender imbalances in the sector, by supporting firms’ initiatives to improve their female representation. Created in 2022, the Charter now counts 81 signatories. Together these firms employ over 63,428 workers, representing just over half of employees in the sector. Therefore, the changes undertaken by the signatory firms have the potential to significantly influence the opportunities available to women working in the Irish financial sector. This is the second annual Ireland’s Women in Finance Charter report. It outlines the progress made by the 81 signatories and their employees.
Water resources of the Podilia region and their use
Authors: Shuvar А. M. , Pytulyak M. R. , Pytulyak M. V. , Hunko S. I. , Kuzyk I. R.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To analyze the state of water resources of the Podilsk region and the territorial features of water use in order to optimize their use.

Methods. Methods of system-structural analysis, statistical, cartographic, modeling.

Rresults. The current state and peculiarities of the use of water resources in the territory of the administrative districts of the Podilsk region were analyzed according to the indicators of total water intake from natural water bodies, the use of fresh water in general and the sectoral structure of water use. The main consumers of water resources in the region are industrial enterprises and housing and communal services. The largest share of underground water intake is in Ternopil Oblast, and the smallest in Vinnytsia, which is related to natural reserves of underground water. The largest volumes of water intake from natural water bodies and the use of fresh water are observed in the Khmelnytskyi region, and the smallest - in the Ternopil region. The analysis of the dynamics of water use indicators over the period 2020-2022 determined a decrease in the volume of water intake, especially in 2022, in all regions of the region. The largest share of water is used in the regions of the region for production needs.

Conclusions. The dynamics of water consumption in all regions of the region has a tendency to decrease the volume of water intake. There are certain differences in the amount of surface and underground water intake. For many administrative districts and territorial communities, the problem of rational use of water resources is relevant.
Assessment of surface water quality in the Siversky Donets river within Kharkiv region in 2023
Authors: Kulyk M. I. , Lisnyak A. A.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Provide an assessment of the quality of the massif of surface waters of the Siverskyi Donets River within the Kharkiv region in 2023 based on the determination of water quality indices.

Methods. The methods of the modified water pollution index (WPI) and the combinatorial water pollution index (CWPI).

Results. State of the river water at the observation point of the v. Pechenigy according to the method of the modified water pollution index WPIF is estimated as II class characterized as "clean", WPIH - I class, "very clean"; according to the method of the combinatorial index of water pollution CWPIF - class III a, "dirty", CWPIH - class I, "slightly polluted".

State of the river water at the observation point of the v. Eschar according to the method of the modified water pollution index of WPIF is estimated as III class characterized as "moderately polluted", WPIH - II class, "clean"; according to the method of the combinatorial index of water pollution CWPIF - class III b, "dirty", CWPIH - class II, "polluted".

State of the river water at the observation point of the v/ Zadonetskyi according to the method of the modified index of water pollution, WPIF is estimated as III class characterized as "moderately polluted", WPIH is II class, "clean"; according to the method of the combinatorial index of water pollution CWPIF - class III b, "dirty", CWPIH - class I, "slightly polluted".

Conclusions. It was determined that there are changes in water quality along the watercourse of the Siverskyi Donets River within the Kharkiv Region in 2023. There is a deterioration of water quality after the confluence of the Uda River, by 1.69 times the magnitude of the index change, then the state of water quality improves by 1.25 times the magnitude index changes, probably due to self-cleaning processes and lower anthropogenic load. The quality of water according to WPI indicators varies from 0.25 to 1.47 (from "very clean" to "moderately polluted"). The quality of water according to the CWPI indicators varies from 1.0 to 3.83 (from "slightly polluted" to "dirty"). It was established that according to both assessment methods and both standards, the quality of water in the Pechenigy reservoir, p. Pechenegs the best, and the worst water quality in the Siverskyi Donets River below the mouth of the Uda River, village Eschar.
Biodiversity of plants in suburban meadows to create urban lawns with wildflowers
Authors: Hrechko А. A. , Maksymenko N. V. , Shkaruba A. D. , Kutuzov Ye. O.
Published: July 2024

The creation of natural lawns is a means of optimizing costs for maintaining green infrastructure in the city by including natural biodiversity in lawns, which will increase the stability of plant communities in lawns and the quality of ecosystem services.

Purpose. Determine the predominant species of plant groups of natural phytocenoses, which are further appropriate for planting in semi-natural lawns to ensure the stability of territories..

Methods. The Ramensky method was employed to determine the quantitative composition of natural lawns in the study areas, while the Raunkiær classification was utilized to identify persistent and perennial plant species.

Results. The geobotanical investigation enabled the identification of dominant species in the study areas, providing insights into the phytocoenological composition of natural lawns for the city of Kyiv. This served as the foundation for developing recommendations for a plant catalogue tailored to the creation of such lawns in Kyiv. The grass stand at Lysa Hora exhibited the highest stability, with a significant presence of native species. Adventitious species were less dominant in this area, likely due to their conditional pathogenicity. Conversely, Trukhaniv Island displayed dominance by typical species, albeit with the occasional presence of azonal species. Mount Shchekavytsia showed competition between azonal and typical species. Surveys of recreational areas, including Lysa Hora, Mount Shchekavytsia, and Trukhaniv Island, underscored the presence of native, azonal, and adventive species. The study identified common native hemicryptophytes, including filamentous fescue, grey fescue, and creeping wheatgrass. A developed plant catalogue is poised to enhance ecosystem regulation services, such as microclimate regulation, water and wind erosion control, biodiversity maintenance, and social services through increased territorial attractiveness.

Conclusions. When creating a natural lawn, the best species are considered to be indigenous, which allows for the sustainability of plant communities. The study identified the following native species that will successfully complement lawn coverings in the city: gray and filamentous fescue, ground fescue, creeping thyme, green strawberry, field carnation, and oak sage. The recommendations can be applied in other cities of Ukraine with similar physical and geographical conditions.
Ecosystem services of "Zagrebell" regional landscape park in the urbanized environment of Ternopol: conceptual frameworks, approaches to assessment
Authors: Tsaryk L. P. , Tsaryk P. L.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To consider the problem of the lack of a regulated regulatory and legal environment, complex methods and systematic practices of ecosystem services assessment in Ukraine.

Results. The problem of the lack of a regulated regulatory and legal environment, complex methods and systematic practices of evaluating ecosystem services in Ukraine is considered. An assessment of the value of these services for the urban ecosystem of Ternopil was carried out using the materials of the regional landscape park "Zagrebellya". It was noted that the annual cost of ecosystem services is 16 billion 586 million 627 thousand 610 UAH. For comparison, the annual budget of Ternopil is UAH 3.3967 billion. (2024). Such a comparison is evidence that the cost of ecosystem services of natural landscapes of the RLP is not only 4.9 times higher than the annual budget of the city. These services are directly consumed by people and are primarily beneficial to local residents, because they are the ones who receive them, and if they sell them on, they become an intermediary between ecosystems and the end users of their services. Competent use of this group of services is an important window of opportunity for each of the territorial communities. In the future, it is important to implement the category "ecosystem service" in the legislative and other normative legal acts of Ukraine and to develop and implement payments for ecosystem services in the practice of budget planning.

Conclusion. Ukraine faces the needs of modern modernization of the principles of sustainable development and inclusion in the development processes of ecosystem management. It can take place only on the basis of Ukraine's involvement in international trends of inclusion of natural ecosystem services in the mechanisms of sustainable development, which requires an appropriate economic assessment of these services. In the future, it is important to implement the category "ecosystem service" in the legislative and other normative legal acts of Ukraine and to develop and implement payments for ecosystem services in the practice of budget planning
The effect of climate change on the radial growth of Pinus sylvestris l. and Quercus robur l. in the stands of Kharkiv green zone
Authors: Koval I. M. , Bräuning A.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To identify the characteristics of the reaction of the radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) and Scots oak (Quercus robur L.) to climate change in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine.

Methods. Dendrochronological, dendroclimatological, and statistical methods are applied. COFECHA and ARSTAN programs were used.

Results. The study was conducted in 100-year-old stands of English oak and Scots pine in the Southern Forestry (Left-bank Forest-steppe). The reaction of the radial growth of trees to climate changes was compared for 1960-1987 and 1988-2016. For the dendroclimatic analysis, the de Martonne hydrothermal indices, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, the forest aridity index, and the O1 hydrothermal coefficient were used. Relative humidity indicators, which are derived from temperature and precipitation, were also used. It was found that in the second period, the sensitivity of the reaction of the radial growth of trees to climate variations increased, which indicates a certain weakening of the stands due to the increase in temperature. Dendroclimatic analysis of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus robur L. showed that when comparing the response of the radial growth of trees to climate variations in 1960-1987 and 1988-2016, the condition of both pine and oak weakened, as evidenced by an increase in significant coefficients correlations between growth indices and climatic factors.

Conclusions. Pine was found to be more sensitive to climate change compared to oak. At the same time, these species of these trees at this stage were able to adapt to climate change, as evidenced by tree-ring chronologies, which show stable growth during 2010-2016.
About holding the III International Internet conference «Current issues of Formal and Non-Formal Education in Environmental Monitoring and Conservation»
Authors: Maksymenko N. V. , Hrechko A. A.
Published: July 2024

On April 26, 2024, the the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences hosted the III International Internet Conference "Current issues of Formal and Non-Formal Education in Environmental Monitoring and Conservation", organized by the Department of Environmental Monitoring and Conservation. The conference featured presentations on the following topics: The impact of military operations on the environment and ways of post-war revitalization of natural complexes; Problems and prospects of reserve management in Ukraine and the world; Environmental monitoring: science, education, practice; Formal and non-formal education in reserve management; The Chornobyl disaster: consequences of the tragedy and warnings for the future. Three reports-presentations of the certificate educational programs of the Institute of Ecology of Karazin University (speakers O. Gololobova, A. Kleshch and S. Burchenko) deserve special attention.
DIVERSITY OF DESERT VEGETATION OF THE KETPEN RIDGE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sadyrova Gulbanu , Tanybaeva Ainur , Bazarbaeva Tursynkul , Mukanova Gulzhanat , Dzhamilova Saule
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of many years of research into the desert vegetation of the Ketpen ridge. The paper presents an analysis of the desert vegetation of the Ketpen ridge. Within the study area, desert vegetation is represented by various communities. Communities with Artemisia stand out here, these are Artemisia terrae-albae; Salsola orientalis + Artemisia terrae albae, and Salsola orientalis + Artemisia terrae - albae + Haloxylon aphyllum associations. The total projective cover in these communities ranges from 25 to 70%, artemisia cover is 25-30%. They always include short-vegetating (Poa bulbosa, 8-10%) and long-vegetating (Stipa caucasica, 15-25%). Subshrubs include Salsola orientalis, Salsola arbusculiformis, Anabasis salsa, and Nanophyton erinaceum. Annual saltwort species are also abundant: Petrosimonia sibirica, Climacoptera brachiata, Girgensohnia oppositiflora, Climacoptera lanata. These communities are more saturated with ephemerals and ephemeroids, forming ephemeral-artemisia groups of communities. Artemisia sublessingiana + Artemisia terrae-albae stand out; Stipa caucasica + Artemisia sublessingiana + Artemisia sublessingiana; Artemisia terrae-albae + Stipa capillata; Ceratocarpus utriculosus + Artemisia terrae-albae associations. The grass herbage contains: Festuca sulcata, Poa stepposa, Poa bulbosa, Stipa caucasica; from forbs - Ceratocarpus utriculosus, C. arenaria, Climacoptera brachiata, as well as weeds and poisonous plants: Goebelia pachycarpa, Acroptilon repens, Xanthium strumarium, Urtica dioica, Atriplex tatarica and others.
Compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies of the Kazakhstan part of the Irtysh River basin
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Romanova Sophia , Krupa Elena , Serikova Аizada
Published: July 2024

We present materials from our research to study the distribution of various forms of mineral nitrogen and phosphorus in the Irtysh River basin in the summer of 2023. It has been established that the content of mineral forms of nitrogen and their ratios are not the same in the water of rivers and lakes. In the water of the river’s tributaries. The Irtysh River was dominated by nitrate ions (from 0.039 to 1.033 mgN/dm3), with a maximum in the right-bank tributaries. The nitrite and ammonium ions share accounted for 2.7, 32.7 and 15.3, 38.3% of the total nitrogen, respectively. The share of nitrates in the Black Irtysh River averaged 59% of the amount of nitrogen. Downstream, within the Pavlodar region, nitrates were more often absent, and the proportion of ammonium nitrogen increased. Mineral soluble phosphorus (phosphate ions) was found in the water of all surveyed areas of the basin in insignificant concentrations (0.015 – 0.130 mg/dm3) due to the low solubility of its compounds and intensive absorption by hydrobionts. From the upper to the lower sections of the Irtysh there was a slight increase in the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, as a result of the influence of the anthropogenic factor.
State of health of Leonid Brezhnev as an element of state apparatus
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Dönninghaus Victor , Savin Andrei
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the role of health status of Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, as a major element of the state apparatus in the USSR. Using numerous sources, including notes and diaries of Brezhnev himself, notes of Brezhnev’s secretaries, memories of Brezhnev’s political companions, doctors and family members, the authors have reconstructed the dynamic changes in the health status of Brezhnev, and in which way these changes have impacted his work efficiency. Despite the fact that Brezhnev came to power already burdened by diseases and bad habits, his first decade as a leader of Soviet Union was very fruitful. This conclusion contradicts an established historiographical opinion that Brezhnev belonged to a type of a quite healthy, but lazy leader, who could not and did not like to perform the duties of the state and party leader, trying to evade them at every opportunity. The last seven years of Brezhnev’s rule are characterized by a sharp deterioration in health status that led to the alternating periods of decline and rise of Brezhnev’s work efficiency, which severely affected entire state apparatus. Despite the efforts of Brezhnev himself and the fact that Soviet bureaucracy managed to mostly compensate the periods of “stalling” and even the temporary unavailability of the leader, the USSR’s specific power mechanism started to malfunction during the second half of 1970s. Another consequence of Brezhnev’s decreased performance was the delegation of significant political power to the group of companions, led by Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko. Having occupied the post of head of state almost for life, being the leader of socio-political system, which actually did not have mechanism for a legal change of power, except for the death of a predecessor, sick and decrepit Brezhnev had to work hard and remain “a leader” until his death, including at the cost of drug addiction.
NATIONAL POLICY AND NATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE USSR IN THE 20-30S OF THE ХХ CENTURY, ON THE EXAMPLE OF EAST KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kakenova Zukhra
Published: July 2024

The article is determined by the growing interest in establishing the role and mission of the national intelligentsia in the criteria of socio-political transformation of society, which requires a deep understanding and modeling of national value orientations. The importance of the social and cultural phenomenon of the intelligentsia is determined by the specific nature of the activities and the results of the work of representatives of secular labor. In addition, the need to identify effective mechanisms of relations between the state and administrative apparatus with various groups of intellectuals and the need to address issues of the effectiveness of the functioning of regional branches of professional organizations at the present stage. In this way, the existing set of academic, political, social, and cultural-historical factors indicates the need to increase new scientific knowledge on the topic of research. The problems that consider the participation of the Kazakh intelligentsia in the cultural construction of the 20-30s of the twentieth century, and the associated difficulties of education, the creation of a new type of intelligentsia, were the focus of attention of the political leadership of the Kazakh SSR T. Ryskulov, F. Goloshchekin, G. Togzhanov, L. Mirzoyan, etc.
Features of the surname of Kazakh repatriates and its social-documentary consequences
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Shaken Bulbul
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the ways of forming the surname of Kazakhs from far abroad and its impact on documentary naturalization and social integration. The purpose of the study is to consider some of the problems arising from the peculiarities of the surnames of Kazakh repatriates from different points of view (linguistic, legal) and discuss this using specific examples. To achieve this goal, such tasks as iden-tifying the concept of “surname” in the Kazakh worldview, its alternatives, the role of patronymic sur-names and studying the factors that influenced the formation of the surname of Kazakh repatriates were put forward. The results of the study showed that the surnames of Kazakhs in most cases are astronomi-cal names. In some countries, Kazakhs used surnames such as patronymic surnames (China, Mongolia), eponyms (Iran), the title of birthplace, names associated with the Kazakh culture (Turkey). But the way to register their full name and documents was developed on the basis of various state laws and official languages. Usually, their full names in the identity documents consist of two components (surname, first name). The fact that such documents create obstacles to their social life after returning to Kazakhstan is revealed on the basis of interviews with Kazakh repatriates. The society, accustomed to a documentary structure consisting of three components (surname, first name, patronymic), sometimes gets confused from the names of Kazakh repatriates, cannot distinguish where the surname is and where the name is. Summing up these causes and consequences, it was concluded that during the transformation of the various documents of the Kandases did not provide for a unified state standard, as a result of which the documents were not properly structured.