bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of ecological restoration based artificial reoxygenation on water quality Improvement of urban river water
Authors: Luo Nan , Hu Changying , Li Weiyu , Xie Tao , Gong HuiLi , Liu Rui
Published: December 2018

Urban river pollution sources such as Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) or Illegally Discharging of Industrial Waste (IDIW) are generally hard to control on-site and cause serious water quality degradation problems across the nation. Therefore developing effective in-situ remediation techniques for urban rivers is of great interest. In this research we combined river reoxygenation, artificial floating island and microbial agents technologies (O-AFI-MA) to developed a comprehensive in-situ remediation technique and obtained water quality data from Sunhe River case study to evaluate its effectiveness. Our discovery indicates that the O-AFI-MA technique effectively improves water quality by reducing chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), total phosphorous (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) level by 45.9%, 61.31, 7.66% respectively and our technique enhances the natural degradation rate by raising the dissolved oxygen (DO) level from 2.8mg/L to 10mg/L upstream. The case study suggests that the sediment accumulation from CSOs and the subsequent internal source release causes great water quality degradation for Sunhe River. We also tested combinatory microbial agents, physical adsorption and multimedia bio-filter bed technologies independently on site to improve the ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorous removal rate of our technique, and the multimedia bio-filter bed is found to be most effective.
Mid-long term runoff forecasting model based on RS-RVM
Authors: Zhang Wen , Hu Jian , Wang Yintang , Wang Leizhi , Li Lingjie , Cao Shiyi
Published: December 2018

In view of the two key problems in hydrological mid-long term runoff forecasting-the selection of key forecasting factors and the construction of forecasting models, an analysis is made on, taking Danjiangkou Reservoir as an example, the basis of preliminarily identifying the sea-air physical factors such as atmospheric circulation, sea surface temperature and Southern Oscillation, et al. The rough set theory is used to establish the data decision table and reduce the factors, and the relevance vector machine method is adopted to establish the mid-long term runoff forecasting model based on reduced factor set. Meanwhile, this paper simulates and predicts the amount of runoff of the reservoir in September and October during the autumn floods from 1952 to 2008, and makes comparison with the model adopting support vector machine. The result shows that the relevance vector machine has better robustness and generalization performance. According to the standard of 20% annual variation, the simulation accuracy of September and October reaches 93.9% and 95.9%, respectively, and the accuracy of the trial forecasting is all up to standard. Moreover, this model better reflects the characteristics of ample flow period and low water period of the forecasting years.
Application of deep learning for division of petroleum reservoirs
Authors: Qin Yaqiong , Ye Zhaohui , Zhang Conghui
Published: December 2018

Traditional methods of dividing petroleum reservoirs are inefficient, and the accuracy of onehidden-layer BP neural network is not ideal when applied to dividing reservoirs. This paper proposes to use the deep learning models to solve the reservoir division problem. We apply multiple-hidden-layer BP neural network and convolutional neural network models, and adjust the network structures according to the characteristics of the reservoir problem. The results show that the deep learning models are better than onehidden- layer BP neural network, and the performance of the convolutional neural network is very close to the artificial work.
Research on Power Network Security Technology and Protection
Authors: Xu Aidong , Fan Kai , Yang Hang
Published: December 2018

With the rapid development of information technology construction in the power industry, research on network security has become a problem that cannot be ignored. This paper introduces the use of information communication network equipment at home and abroad in power system; analyzes the security risks of foreign network equipment in power system, shows the risk of power system network and the urgent need for localization of network equipment and analyzes the security of internal network of power system Risks; specific measures for the safety control of network equipment in the whole process are proposed to provide reference for power system network security protection.
Research on Metadata Management System of Linkage Service of Scientific Data and Scientific Literature
Authors: Wang Xiujuan , Chen Jiankui , Li Xuerong
Published: December 2018

In the data-intensive scientific research environment, the linkage of scientific data and scientific literature forms a complete body of scientific content. The literature and data serve scientific research together, which have become a hot issue of scientific research organizations. Starting from the metadata description elements of scientific data and scientific literature, this paper summarizes and analyses the association models of author association, keyword association and subject category association based on metadata description. On this basis, this paper describes the metadata management system architecture and system functions of linkage service of scientific data and scientific literature, providing some references for the relevant researchers.
On fast and slow Earth’s magnetospheric dynamics during geomagnetic storms: a stochastic Langevin approach
Authors: Alberti Tommaso , Consolini Giuseppe , De Michelis Paola , Laurenza Monica , Marcucci Maria Federica
Published: December 2018

The Earth’s magnetosphere responds to the external changes of interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind conditions showing a multiscale dynamics, manifesting in the occurrence of fluctuations over a very wide range of timescales. Here, using an approach based on a Langevin/Fokker-Planck description we investigate the nature of the fast (short-) and slow (long-timescale) fluctuations of SYM-H index during geomagnetic storms. The results point towards a different origin of the fast (τ < 200 min) and slow (τ > 200 min) fluctuations, which are characterized by state functions of different nature. In detail, the state function associated with the slow dynamics shows the evidence of the occurrence of first-order-like topological phase transition during the different phases of a geomagnetic storm, while the fast dynamics seems to be characterized by a quasi-invariant quadratic state function. A modeling in terms of stochastic Langevin equation is discussed and the relevance of our results in the framework of Space Weather studies is outlined.
Lust und Frust ...
Authors: Hertlein Margit
Published: December 2018

Ernüchterung und Frust sind im Beruf der Neugier-Killer Nummer 1. Wer bei allem Neuen kein bisschen Interesse und Neugier mehr verspürt, der denkt bald
nur noch an die Mühen im Alltag und will am Ende nur noch seine Ruhe.
Jedem Patienten die richtige Entlassung
Authors: Mört Matthias
Published: December 2018

Case Management hilft dabei, dass die Patienten trotz kürzerer Verweildauer während und nach dem Klinikaufenthalt optimal versorgt sind. Eine gute Zusammenarbeit
zwischen Sozialdienst und Pflegeüberleitung sichert eine frühe und bedarfsgerechte Entlassungsplanung.
Schulungen aus einem Guss
Authors: Schwarz Simone
Published: December 2018

Menschen mit kognitiver Einschränkung stecken einen Klinikaufenthalt nicht so einfach weg. Raus aus der gewohnten Umgebung verlieren sie leicht die Orientierung.
Pflegende sind im Stationsalltag oft überfordert. Die Sana Kliniken AG hat nun ein Schulungskonzept entwickelt, in dem die Mitarbeiter entscheiden können,
wie sie lernen.
Gepflegt in die Zukunft – JETZT
Authors: Pitschke Christiane
Published: December 2018

Die Herausforderungen der Zukunft für die Pflege scheinen endlich auch in der Politik angekommen. Der Pflege eine starke Stimme geben ist auch Ziel des
Deutschen Pflegetags 2019.
Transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) in der
neurologischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Mehrholz Jan , Elsner Bernhard
Published: December 2018

Ein relativ neuer und derzeit populärer Ansatz zur Verbesserung von Funktionen,
die für die neurologische Rehabilitation bedeutsam sind, ist die nichtinvasive
Hirnstimulation. Dieser Artikel rückt die transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation
in den Fokus.
Stabile Koronare Herzkrankheit
Authors: Sechtem Udo , Ong Peter
Published: December 2018

Die optimale Therapie bei Patienten mit stabiler Angina pectoris ist umstritten.
Der therapeutische Ansatz, eine verursachende epikardiale Stenose aufzudehnen
oder zu überbrücken, ist gut nachvollziehbar. Die Ergebnisse der perkutanen
Koronarintervention (PCI) und der Bypassoperation sind aber von Ausnahmen
abgesehen prognostisch nicht besser als die einer konservativ-medikamentösen
Therapie. Die PCI hat bezüglich der Symptomatik kurzfristig zwar leichte
Vorteile im Vergleich zur antianginösen Therapie mit Kurzzeitnitraten,
Calciumantagonisten und/oder Betablockern. Im Verlauf von 1–3 Jahren sind diese
Unterschiede aber nicht mehr nachweisbar. Viele Patienten leiden trotz fehlender
epikardialer Koronarstenosen unter Angina pectoris. Dies wird durch eine
Dysfunktion der Mikrovaskulatur verursacht, die ebenso wie die epikardialen
Koronarstenosen mit den bekannten konventionellen Risikofaktoren arterielle
Hypertonie, Hyperlipidämie, Diabetes mellitus und familiärer Belastung
assoziiert sind. Die mikrovaskuläre Dysfunktion ist auch eine häufige Ursache
für Angina-pectoris-Beschwerden, die nach Revaskularisation persistieren. Wenn
eine prognostische oder symptomatische Indikation zur Revaskularisation besteht,
werden der SYNTAX-Score, das perioperative Risiko und die koronare Anatomie
zurate gezogen, um das beste Revaskularisationsverfahren für den Patienten zu
wählen. Unabhängig von einer Revaskularisation sind eine Änderung des
Lebensstils, die Kontrolle der Risikofaktoren und eine medikamentöse Therapie
mit Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern, Cholesterinsenkern und gegebenenfalls
ACE-Hemmern/AT1-Antagonisten unverzichtbarere Bestandteile der optimalen
Versorgung von Patienten mit stabiler KHK.
Radiation Therapy in HCC: What Data Exist and What Data Do We Need to Incorporate into Guidelines?
Authors: Xu Melody , Feng Mary
Published: December 2018

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex and diverse disease, with choice of treatment dependent on a patient's disease burden, location of disease, underlying liver function, and performance status. While radiation therapy (RT) was historically omitted from treatment algorithms, immense technological advances over the past several decades have enabled introduction of RT as an effective and safe treatment option for patients with HCC. Growing prospective and retrospective evidence supports the use of RT, particularly stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), for a wide range of indications in HCC from locally advanced unresectable disease to bridge therapy for liver transplant candidates. SBRT is associated with excellent local control, even for patients refractory to or ineligible for other forms of locoregional therapy. Treatment is well-tolerated and associated with low rates of severe toxicity. Randomized trials are needed to define the role of SBRT in HCC treatment relative to other established locoregional treatments.
Mogelpackung Pflegering
Authors: Risse Ludger
Published: December 2018

Der Pflegerat NRW ist entsetzt über Äußerungen der Ärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe, die sich für den bayerischen Pflegering aussprechen. Dieser kann keinesfalls
eine Alternative zur Pflegekammer sein.
Warum Daten sammeln sinnvoll ist
Authors: Behrendt Daniel
Published: December 2018

Moderne Informationstechnologie und Datenmanagementsysteme verändern die Arbeits- und Kommunikationsprozesse in der Pflege. Aber wie gelingt es,
Pflegeinformatik patienten- und praxisorientiert auszurichten? Ein Überblick.
Anleitung zum Glücklichsein
Authors: Ebner Markus
Published: December 2018

Seit Ende der 90er Jahre erforscht die Positive Psychologie, was das Leben
erfolgreich und glücklich macht. Die Erkenntnisse nutzt auch das Führungsmodell
Positive Leadership, indem es diese in den Unternehmensalltag
überträgt.
Effects of flux pinning on the DC characteristics of meander-shaped superconducting quantum interference filters with flux concentrator
Authors: Labbé A. , Parzy E. , Thiaudière E. , Massot P. , Franconi J.-M. , Ulysse C. , Lemaître Y. , Marcilhac B. , Crété D. , Kermorvant J.
Published: December 2018

Superconducting quantum interference filters, or SQIFs, are a promising class of highly sensitive magnetometers benefiting from a highly peaked and symmetric magnetic response at zero-input flux. They can be used in magnetometry, e.g., in wideband applications. A simple solution to increase further their sensitivity is to add a superconducting flux concentrator (SFC) to their design. Using the ion irradiation process, we designed a meander-shaped SQIF enhanced with an SFC. The SFC improved the SQIF transfer factor by a factor of 8.4. However, high temperature superconducting (HTSc) devices are vulnerable to flux pinning, which can severely hinder their response. On the one hand, HTSc technologies alleviate the burden of cryogenics. On the other hand, applications that use SFCs in noisy and unshielded environments will become possible only if a better understanding of how this flux impacts the device’s properties is achieved. We studied the relationship between the field present during the cooling process of the SQIF antenna (thereafter called “cooling field”) and the evolution of its DC response. We developed a simple and phenomenological model and were able to reproduce the degradation of the SQIF response. This work demonstrates the usability of SFC-enhanced SQIFs based on ion irradiated junctions in rather harsh conditions, in particular, an unshielded environment, and also gives an insight into the implications that such conditions cause on the application of SFCs in general.
Theoretical study on finite-thickness effect on harmonics in Richtmyer-Meshkov instability for arbitrary Atwood numbers
Authors: Liu Wanhai , Li Xinliang , Yu Changping , Fu Yaowei , Wang Pei , Wang Lili , Ye Wenhua
Published: December 2018

The finite-thickness effect of two superimposed fluids on harmonics in the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) for arbitrary Atwood numbers is investigated by using weakly nonlinear analysis up to the third order. When the thickness of the two fluids tends to be infinity, our results can reproduce the classical results where RMI happens at the interface separating two semi-infinity-thickness fluids of different densities. It is found that the thickness has a large influence on the amplitudes of the first three harmonics compared with those in classical RMI. On the one hand, the thickness effect encourages or reduces the amplitudes of the first three harmonics, and on the other hand, it changes the phases of the second and the third harmonics.
Cohesin-mediated NF-κB signaling limits hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal in aging and inflammation
Authors: Chen Zhiyang , Amro Elias Moris , Becker Friedrich , Hölzer Martin , Rasa Seyed Mohammad Mahdi , Njeru Sospeter Ngoci , Han Bing , Di Sanzo Simone , Chen Yulin , Tang Duozhuang , Tao Si , Haenold Ronny , Groth Marco , Romanov Vasily S. , Kirkpatrick Joanna M. , Kraus Johann M. , Kestler Hans A. , Marz Manja , Ori Alessandro , Neri Francesco , Morita Yohei , Rudolph K. Lenhard
Published: December 2018

Organism aging is characterized by increased inflammation and decreased stem cell function, yet the relationship between these factors remains incompletely understood. This study shows that aged hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) exhibit increased ground-stage NF-κB activity, which enhances their responsiveness to undergo differentiation and loss of self-renewal in response to inflammation. The study identifies Rad21/cohesin as a critical mediator of NF-κB signaling, which increases chromatin accessibility in the vicinity of NF-κB target genes in response to inflammation. Rad21 is required for normal differentiation, but limits self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during aging and inflammation in an NF-κB–dependent manner. HSCs from aged mice fail to down-regulate Rad21/cohesin and inflammation/differentiation signals in the resolution phase of inflammation. Inhibition of cohesin/NF-κB reverts hypersensitivity of aged HSPCs to inflammation-induced differentiation and myeloid-biased HSCs with disrupted/reduced expression of Rad21/cohesin are increasingly selected during aging. Together, Rad21/cohesin-mediated NF-κB signaling limits HSPC function during aging and selects for cohesin-deficient HSCs with myeloid-skewed differentiation.
Safe processing method and storage time threshold for consuming of powdered-infant formula based on total plate count test
Authors: Amelia S , Lubis NDA , Rozi MF , Nababan IFF
Published: December 2018

Powdered-infant formula (PIF) is theoretically suggested as a substitution for breast-milk. The presence of PIF has brought several problems related to its contamination, handling, and processing. Our study aimed to provide the evidence related to determine the safe processing method, between using hot water (HW) or boiled water (BW), and storage time threshold after PIF was left at room temperature for acertain period of time. We obtained PIF, cow milk-based, from supermarket and made it as suspension. Bacterial growth assessment was performedusing total plate agar, total plate count test, while several tests including the use of agar, blood and McConkey agar, and biochemical reactions were used to determine the bacterial species. We provided formula suspension in different amount of dilution (10−1, 102,103, and 10−4), furthermore observation of bacterial colonies for 3-8 hours was done. The study was carried out at Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara in October 2017. We obtained a significant number of bacterial colonies at the first time of observation in HW and using BW was safer than HW regardless of its nutritional value, based on total plate count tests. Meanwhile, safe storage time threshold for consuming after it was left at room temperature was no more than one hour. We identified Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella sp. as contaminants during the observation. Thus, less contamination also reduces infection rate among infantsby performing appropriate handling.
Insights on protein thermal stability: a graph representation of molecular interactions
Authors: Miotto Mattia , Olimpieri Pier Paolo , Di Rienzo Lorenzo , Ambrosetti Francesco , Corsi Pietro , Lepore Rosalba , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Milanetti Edoardo
Published: December 2018

Motivation

Understanding the molecular mechanisms of thermal stability is a challenge in protein biology. Indeed, knowing the temperature at which proteins are stable has important theoretical implications, which are intimately linked with properties of the native fold, and a wide range of potential applications from drug design to the optimization of enzyme activity.

Results

Here, we present a novel graph-theoretical framework to assess thermal stability based on the structure without any a priori information. In this approach we describe proteins as energy-weighted graphs and compare them using ensembles of interaction networks. Investigating the position of specific interactions within the 3D native structure, we developed a parameter-free network descriptor that permits to distinguish thermostable and mesostable proteins with an accuracy of 76% and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 78%.

Availability and implementation

Code is available upon request to edoardo.milanetti@uniroma1.it

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Increasing the accuracy of protein loop structure prediction with evolutionary constraints
Authors: Marks Claire , Deane Charlotte M
Published: December 2018

Motivation

Accurate prediction of loop structures remains challenging. This is especially true for long loops where the large conformational space and limited coverage of experimentally determined structures often leads to low accuracy. Co-evolutionary contact predictors, which provide information about the proximity of pairs of residues, have been used to improve whole-protein models generated through de novo techniques. Here we investigate whether these evolutionary constraints can enhance the prediction of long loop structures.

Results

As a first stage, we assess the accuracy of predicted contacts that involve loop regions. We find that these are less accurate than contacts in general. We also observe that some incorrectly predicted contacts can be identified as they are never satisfied in any of our generated loop conformations. We examined two different strategies for incorporating contacts, and on a test set of long loops (10 residues or more), both approaches improve the accuracy of prediction. For a set of 135 loops, contacts were predicted and hence our methods were applicable in 97 cases. Both strategies result in an increase in the proportion of near-native decoys in the ensemble, leading to more accurate predictions and in some cases improving the root-mean-square deviation of the final model by more than 3 Å.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prot-SpaM: fast alignment-free phylogeny reconstruction based on whole-proteome sequences
Authors: Leimeister Chris-Andre , Schellhorn Jendrik , Dörrer Svenja , Gerth Michael , Bleidorn Christoph , Morgenstern Burkhard
Published: December 2018

Word-based or ‘alignment-free' sequence comparison has become an active research area in bioinformatics. While previous word-frequency approaches calculated rough measures of sequence similarity or dissimilarity, some new alignment-free methods are able to accurately estimate phylogenetic distances between genomic sequences. One of these approaches is Filtered Spaced Word Matches. Here, we extend this approach to estimate evolutionary distances between complete or incomplete proteomes; our implementation of this approach is called Prot-SpaM. We compare the performance of Prot-SpaM to other alignment-free methods on simulated sequences and on various groups of eukaryotic and prokaryotic taxa. Prot-SpaM can be used to calculate high-quality phylogenetic trees for dozens of whole-proteome sequences in a matter of seconds or minutes and often outperforms other alignment-free approaches. The source code of our software is available through Github: https://github.com/jschellh/ProtSpaM.
Mental Health Navigation – a Model
Authors: Knesek Gerald , Hemphill Thomas
Published: December 2018

The need for mental health care services is a growing concern around the world. This article proposes a conceptual model for the role a mental health care navigator to meet the growing needs of consumers who are seeking greater access to fragmented and confusing mental health care services. This conceptual model proposes integrating mental health into primary care with a more patient-centered approach to the care of the whole person. This approach is congruent with The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion Charter calling for the reorienting of health services focusing on the total needs of the individual as a whole person. Although USA focused, the model has potential for sharing across countries to build capacity for mental health care in other countries around the world. The conceptual model focuses on matching consumer mental health care needs with the correct mental health care services. This would ensure that patients get the appropriate mental health care services while allowing the primary care physician to maintain the role of coordinator of care for all of the patient’s health care needs. The main intent of the model is to stimulate discussion and exploration around the role of a proposed mental health care navigator that can lead to creating models reflecting local need and adaptation. Successful models can lead to collaborative discussion encouraging capacity building in other countries. The authors maintain that coordination of health care, including mental, medical and surgical care, is the best approach to controlling costs and ensuring the health of the whole person.
A glossary of user-centered design strategies for implementation experts
Authors: Dopp Alex R , Parisi Kathryn E , Munson Sean A , Lyon Aaron R
Published: December 2018

We developed a glossary of design techniques, which researchers and providers can use to maximize the usability of health care innovations in everyday practice settings.
A Review of Clinical Poster Presentations at the Sixth Biennial Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) Symposium
Authors: Haché Manon , Hansen Tom G. , Graham Ruth , Sinton Jamie W. , Adams Phillip S. , Garber Carol , Maxwell Lynne , Pinyavat Teeda
Published: December 2018

Clinical researchers studying the long-term neurocognitive effects of anesthetic and sedative agents on children continue to struggle with identifying a phenotype for anesthetic neurotoxicity, the window of vulnerability, and the toxicity threshold in terms of concentration and duration. The Sixth Biennial Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) symposium at Columbia University included a moderated poster presentation session where 4 investigators presented their latest contributions to the landscape of clinical anesthetic neurotoxicity research. A lack of standardization in the design of clinical studies in terms of age at exposure, duration and type of exposure, and outcome measures assessed were highlighted by all the investigators. Suggestions for the future direction of clinical trials included the implementation of more consistent study parameters and the employment of standardized neurocognitive testing and imaging before and after exposure to general anesthesia. Presentations covered a broad range of topics including the valid translation of preclinical studies to human subjects, the quantification of real-world exposures to anesthetic and sedative medications, and possible alternatives to these exposures.
Engaging Stakeholders to Promote Safe Anesthesia and Sedation Care in Young Children
Authors: Jackson William M. , Chen Jerri , Dworkin Robert H.
Published: December 2018

An important aspect of any research endeavor is engaging various stakeholders to work toward the common goal of pushing knowledge forward about the question at hand. Research into pediatric anesthetic neurotoxicity could benefit greatly from interventions designed to improve the efforts and dedication of government agencies, pharmaceutical companies, research communities, and most importantly, patients. The Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) symposium is a biennial meeting where updates in research in the field are presented, and issues relevant to the community are discussed in round table discussions. Here, we summarize a discussion that took place at the 2018 meeting regarding new methods of engaging various stakeholders, as well as perspectives from other stakeholders. Topics discussed included an online portal to better reach patients, experiences with a public-private partnership, steps by the National Institutes of Health to improve engagement with research and improve the dissemination of results, and the experiences of the United States Food and Drug Administration attempting to improve stakeholder engagement following the passage of a new law to promote drug development. The round table discussion provided interesting insights into a critical research topic, and shared first-hand experience of attempts to improve engagement with a variety of stakeholders.
Using Neuroimaging to Study the Effects of Pain, Analgesia, and Anesthesia on Brain Development
Authors: Chen Jerri , Gadi Ghadah U. , Panigrahy Ashok , Tam Emily W.Y.
Published: December 2018

Neuroimaging has been increasingly used as a modality to study the impact of pain, analgesia, and anesthetics on pediatric neurodevelopment. The sixth biennial Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopmental Assessment (PANDA) Symposium addressed the 2016 US Food and Drug Administration drug safety warning regarding the potential neurotoxic effects of commonly used anesthetic and sedative medications in children, and included a session discussing the use of various neuroimaging techniques, to detect structural, metabolic, and functional brain changes that can occur with exposure to pain and to anesthetic medications. The presenters concluded that advanced multimodal magnetic resonance imaging techniques are useful in detecting the aforementioned changes, which were found to be pain-specific and anesthetic agent-specific.
Developmental Neurotoxicity: An Update
Authors: Houck Philipp J. , Brambrink Ansgar M. , Waspe Jennifer , O’Leary James D. , Ko Riva
Published: December 2018

In the section of “Developmental Neurotoxicity: An Update” of the Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopmental Assessment (PANDA) symposium 2018 the speakers presented the current literature in translational and clinical research. Dr. Brambrink spoke about translational research in anesthetic neurotoxicity, beginning with discovery in the rodent model, then focusing on evidence from nonhuman primates. Dr. Waspe applied the methodology of Adverse Outcome Pathways from the field of toxicology to developmental neurotoxicity of anesthetics. Dr. O’Leary presented relevant clinical studies that were published in 2017 divided by a focus on academic performance, clinical outcomes or diagnoses, or neuropsychological testing.
Redesigning Work With a Lightweight Approach to Coordination Technology
Authors: Halvorsen Marit R. , Austad Hanne O. , Landmark Andreas D. , Ausen Dag , Svagård Ingrid , Tomasevic Tanja , Trondsen Trond
Published: December 2018

Coordination of information and resources is central to efficient ward management. Tools to aid coordination include standardized procedures and paper lists and, more recently, electronic tools such as whiteboards and mobile solutions. This study reports on the experiences and effects of designing and implementing collaboration technology, and how the use of light-weight technology has enabled redesign of traditional work processes. The process followed the principles for user-centered development and is evaluated through observations and informal interviews of users and stakeholders. In addition to the expected changes in work processes, we found that short redesign cycles with heavy user involvement afforded by this technology enabled implementation of new ways of structuring and combining information that were not foreseen. This turned the collaboration technology into a tool that also guided prioritization between tasks and contributed to the effects seen in use of resources, user satisfaction, and quality of treatment.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor–modified T Cells Repressed Solid Tumors and Their Relapse in an Established Patient-derived Colon Carcinoma Xenograft Model
Authors: Teng Ruidi , Zhao Jingjing , Zhao Yiding , Gao Junshuang , Li Haibo , Zhou Shixin , Wang Yuan , Sun Qiang , Lin Zhongqing , Yang Weifeng , Yin Ming , Wen Jinhua , Deng Hongkui
Published: December 2018

Adoptive transfer of T cells engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is deemed as the silver bullet to overcome the barriers of solid tumor treatment; however, the therapeutic application against solid tumors faces major challenges largely owing to the complex heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment of solid tumors. Preclinical development of CAR-T-cell products necessitates an appropriate animal model for the evaluation and improvement of their therapeutic capacities. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) resembles real patients in several ways, and may serve as an attractive alternative to generate and evaluate the efficacy of CAR-T-cell products. In this study, we established and characterized a PDX mouse model implanted with colorectal cancer (CRC) xenograft. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in CRC specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry. The fragments of patient tumors were subcutaneously implanted into immunodeficient NOD-NPG mice after surgery. Furthermore, HER2-specific CAR-T cells were engineered and tested in our model to show their effectiveness in tumor clearance. Adoptive transfer of HER2-specific CAR-T cells resulted in the regression or even elimination of CRC xenograft and protection of relapse from rechallenged colon cancer tissue in PDX model. Significant survival advantage was achieved in these mice as compared with those transplanted with green fluorescent protein-T cells. Thus, this study showed that CAR-T-cell treatment may be a promising approach for solid tumor clearance and that the PDX model may be useful to evaluate the effects of CAR-T cells.
Pregnancy Choices and the Role of Ultrasound Viewing
Authors: York Ashley B. , Bagwell Laurie L.
Published: December 2018

Limited research exists on the impact of ultrasound use in abortion or pregnancy clinic settings, to assist women in decision-making regarding their pregnancy. A retrospective chart review study was conducted at a pregnancy resource center to examine the impact of ultrasound viewing on a woman's decision to continue her pregnancy. During a 1-year period, intention to terminate pregnancy was reduced from 44 cases to 14 cases after viewing the ultrasound. Nursing implications include understanding the value of ultrasound viewing among pregnant women considering abortion.
Navigating Nursing Transitions
Authors: Bouws Melissa , Weeda Janet
Published: December 2018

Novice nurses and those new to academic leadership roles may question their career choice when fulfillment and joy are elusive. Resolving these questions often means revisiting the vocation and calling that led nurses to the profession. The authors describe how support from others and gratitude, as well as spiritual awareness, contribute to job satisfaction; a case study illustrates the journey from novice to career-satisfied professional nurse.
Google Glass for Remote Surgical Tele-proctoring in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Feasibility Study from Mozambique
Authors: McCullough Meghan C. , Kulber Louie , Sammons Patrick , Santos Pedro , Kulber David A.
Published: December 2018

Background:

Untreated surgical conditions account for one-third of the total global burden of disease, and a lack of trained providers is a significant contributor to the paucity of surgical care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Wearable technology with real-time tele-proctoring has been demonstrated in high-resource settings to be an innovative method of advancing surgical education and connecting providers, but application to LMICs has not been well-described.

Methods:

Google Glass with live-stream capability was utilized to facilitate tele-proctoring between a surgeon in Mozambique and a reconstructive surgeon in the United States over a 6-month period. At the completion of the pilot period, a survey was administered regarding the acceptability of the image quality as well as the overall educational benefit of the technology in different surgical contexts.

Results:

Twelve surgical procedures were remotely proctored using the technology. No complications were experienced in any patients. Both participants reported moderate visual impairment due to image distortion and light over-exposure. Video-stream latency and connection disruption were also cited as limitations. Overall, both participants reported that the technology was highly useful as training tool in both the intraoperative and perioperative setting.

Conclusions:

Our experience in Mozambique demonstrates the feasibility of wearable technology to enhance the reach and availability of specialty surgical training in LMICs. Despite shortcomings in the technology and logistical challenges inherent to international collaborations, this educational model holds promise for connecting surgeons across the globe and introducing expanded access to education and mentorship in areas with limited opportunities for surgical trainees.
Can Robotic-Assisted Surgery Overcome the Risk of Mortality in Cardiac Reoperation?
Authors: Kitahara Hiroto , Wehman Brody , Balkhy Husam H.
Published: December 2018

Objective

A robotic-assisted approach potentially has many advantages for cardiac reoperation, which include sternum-sparing and three-dimensional visualization leading to precise adhesiolysis and excellent exposure in a limited field.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed our patients undergoing robotic cardiac reoperation (redo group) from July 2013 to April 2017 at our institution and compared with our patients undergoing standard robotic surgery (nonredo group). In the reoperative cases, a thoracoscope was inserted through a 5-mm port placed away from the previous scar. Another 5-mm port was inserted under direct vision to make space for one or two robotic arms, and further precise dissection was performed robotically.

Results

A total of 486 patients underwent robotic-assisted cardiac surgery. There were 36 patients who had one or more previous cardiac surgeries (42 surgeries). Although the mean operative and cardiopulmonary bypass time were longer in the redo group (median = 351 minutes vs. 289 minutes and 219 minutes vs. 178 minutes, P < 0.05, respectively), cardiac arrest time was similar between two groups. The redo group had a higher incidence of postoperative prolonged ventilation (16.7% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.046) and pneumonia (11.1% vs. 0.2%, P < 0.001). The 30-day mortality was 2.8% (1/36) in the redo group and similar to that in the nonredo group (1.3%, P = 0.419).

Conclusions

Robotic cardiac reoperation is feasible with acceptable clinical outcomes including a low mortality rate similar to standard robotic surgery in our hands. Robotic assistance may have the potential to minimize morbidity and mortality.
A Rare Case of an Intracardiac Myoepithelial Carcinoma in an Infant
Authors: Patel Priyal , Roberts Ryan , Cole Jason , Stalling Melissa , Nicol Kathleen , Hor Kan , Bowman Jessica , Setty Bhuvana
Published: December 2018

Myoepithelial carcinomas (MC) represent aggressive tumors that occur in a myriad of ages and anatomic locations. The rarity and histologic similarity with other tumors make them difficult to diagnosis. We report an extremely rare case of a right ventricular outflow tract mass identified to be an intracardiac MC in a 4-month-old male infant. Pathology revealed an EWS-KLF15 translocation. Treatment included gross total resection and intensive chemotherapy. Recurrent cardiac mass with brain metastasis was seen 16 months after primary diagnosis. We describe the rarity of intracardiac MC in pediatric patients and the challenges encountered in the multimodal management of this patient.
Systematically Building a Model to Support and Unify Advanced Practice Providers
Authors: Waldrop Julee , Heinl Valerie , Mestas Lisa , Davis S. Noelle , Gore Lisa , Chason D. Nicole
Published: December 2018

Nursing leaders at the University of South Alabama (USA) Health collaborated to explore the need for a structured practice model for advanced practice providers (APP). The goal of this collaboration was to create an organizational structure where APPs could thrive clinically and professionally.
Rigorous surveillance is necessary for high confidence in end-of-outbreak declarations for Ebola and other infectious diseases
Authors: Thompson Robin N. , Morgan Oliver W. , Jalava Katri
Published: December 2018

The World Health Organization considers an Ebola outbreak to have ended once 42 days have passed since the last possible exposure to a confirmed case. Benefits of a quick end-of-outbreak declaration, such as reductions in trade/travel restrictions, must be balanced against the chance of flare-ups from undetected residual cases. We show how epidemiological modelling can be used to estimate the surveillance level required for decision-makers to be confident that an outbreak is over. Results from a simple model characterising an Ebola outbreak suggest that a surveillance sensitivity (i.e. case reporting percentage) of 79% is necessary for 95% confidence that an outbreak is over after 42 days without symptomatic cases. With weaker surveillance, unrecognised transmission may still occur: if the surveillance sensitivity is only 40%, then 62 days must be waited for 95% certainty. By quantifying the certainty in end-of-outbreak declarations, public health decision-makers can plan and communicate more effectively.
Global dynamics of a general vector-borne disease model with two transmission routes
Authors: Nadim Sk Shahid , Ghosh Indrajit , Chattopadhyay Joydev
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we study the dynamics of a vector-borne disease model with two transmission paths: direct transmission through contact and indirect transmission through vector. The direct transmission is considered to be a non-monotone incidence function to describe the psychological effect of some severe diseases among the population when the number of infected hosts is large and/or the disease possesses high case fatality rate. The system has a disease-free equilibrium which is locally asymptomatically stable when the basic reproduction number (R_0) is less than unity and may have up to four endemic equilibria. Analytical expression representing the epidemic growth rate is obtained for the system. Sensitivity of the two transmission pathways were compared with respect to the epidemic growth rate. We numerically find that the direct transmission coefficient is more sensitive than the indirect transmission coefficient with respect to R_0 and the epidemic growth rate. Local stability of endemic equilibria is studied. Further, the global asymptotic stability of the endemic equilibrium is proved using Li and Muldowney geometric approach. The explicit condition for which the system undergoes backward bifurcation is obtained. The basic model also exhibits the hysteresis phenomenon which implies diseases will persist even when R_0<1 although the system undergoes a forward bifurcation and this phenomenon is rarely observed in disease models. Consequently, our analysis suggests that the diseases with multiple transmission routes exhibit bi-stable dynamics. However, efficient application of temporary control in bi-stable regions will curb the disease to lower endemicity. In addition, increase in transmission heterogeneity will increase the chance of disease eradication.
Activation of intracellular transport by relieving KIF1C autoinhibition
Authors: Siddiqui Nida , Bachmann Alice , Zwetsloot Alexander James , Hussain Hamdi , Roth Daniel , Kaverina Irina , Straube Anne
Published: December 2018

The kinesin-3 KIF1C is a fast organelle transporter implicated in the transport of dense core vesicles in neurons and the delivery of integrins to cell adhesions. Here we report the mechanisms of autoinhibition and release that control the activity of KIF1C. We show that the microtubule binding surface of KIF1C motor domain interacts with its stalk and that these autoinhibitory interactions are released upon binding of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN21. The FERM domain of PTPN21 stimulates dense core vesicle transport in primary hippocampal neurons and rescues integrin trafficking in KIF1C-depleted cells. In vitro, human full-length KIF1C is a processive, plus-end directed motor. Its landing rate onto microtubules increases in the presence of either PTPN21 FERM domain or the cargo adapter Hook3 that binds the same region of KIF1C tail. This autoinhibition release mechanism allows cargo-activated transport and might enable motors to participate in bidirectional cargo transport without undertaking a tug-of-war.
Influence of multiple hypothesis testing on reproducibility in neuroimaging research
Authors: Puoliväli Tuomas , Palva Satu , Palva J. Matias
Published: December 2018

Background

Reproducibility of research findings has been recently questioned in many fields of science, including psychology and neurosciences. One factor influencing reproducibility is the simultaneous testing of multiple hypotheses, which increases the number of false positive findings unless the p-values are carefully corrected. While this multiple testing problem is well known and has been studied for decades, it continues to be both a theoretical and practical problem.

New Method

Here we assess the reproducibility of research involving multiple-testing corrected for family-wise error rate (FWER) or false discovery rate (FDR) by techniques based on random field theory (RFT), cluster-mass based permutation testing, adaptive FDR, and several classical methods. We also investigate the performance of these methods under two different models.

Results

We found that permutation testing is the most powerful method among the considered approaches to multiple testing, and that grouping hypotheses based on prior knowledge can improve power. We also found that emphasizing primary and follow-up studies equally produced most reproducible outcomes.

Comparison with Existing Method(s)

We have extended the use of two-group and separate-classes models for analyzing reproducibility and provide a new open-source software “MultiPy” for multiple hypothesis testing.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that performing strict corrections for multiple testing is not sufficient to improve reproducibility of neuroimaging experiments. The methods are freely available as a Python toolkit “MultiPy” and we aim this study to help in improving statistical data analysis practices and to assist in conducting power and reproducibility analyses for new experiments.