bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth, varietal development and cultivar diversity in seed production chain of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in India
Authors: CHAUHAN J S , SINGH K H , CHOUDHURY P R , SINGH R K , MISHRA J P
Published: August 2023

India with a contribution of about 90% to the global production ranks first in the world in cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [L.] Taub.) production. It is an important feed, fodder, food and industrial crop grown in arid and semiarid regions of West and North-West India specifically, Rajasthan, accounted for about 87.7% of the production and 91.5% of the acreage during 2020–21. India is also the major exporter of guar gum or derivatives in the international market and during 2022–23, earned valuable foreign exchange worth US $617.14 million by exporting 0.41 million tonnes (mt) of guar gum. During 2020–21 area, production and yield were reduced by 34.6%, 34.0% and 17.1%, respectively, over that of the 2010–11. The compound annual growth rate during the last five years of the decade was-12.4%, -17.5 and -5.7% for acreage, production and yield, respectively. Despite negative CAGR for area during the last twenty years, the production and yield of cluster bean increased with a CAGR of 4.5 and 5.1%. A total of 39 forage or grain type varieties of cluster bean were released and notified during 1976–2023. Varieties HG 2-20 (14.1–45.2%; 8/8) followed by RGC 1038/Guar Karan (1.4–16.7%; 8/8); HG 365 (0.3–10.0%, 8/8) and RGC 1033 (14.9–62.0%; 7/8) were the major contributors with highest frequency of occurrence in the top-most five varieties in the seed chain. Seed requirement for the next five years was assessed. Timely availability of adequate quantityof quality seed at affordable price requires holistic approach involving researchers and developmental personnel responsible for production of seed from both public and private sector.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and quality traits of lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: NATH KANGKANA , SARMA IRA , GOGOI SAILEN , BORAH NILAY , KALITA PRAKASH , DAS REECHA T
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam during winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatment combinations were T1, Control; T2, 40:20:40 NPK kg/ha; T3, 40:20:40 NPK kg/ha + FYM 2 tonnes/ha; T4, 40:20:40 NPK kg/ha + FYM 2 tonnes/ha + PSB; T5, FYM 3 tonnes/ha + PSB; T6, 40:20:40 NPK kg/ha +VC 1 tonnes/ha; T7, 40:20:40 NPK kg/ha + VC 1 tonnes/ha + PSB and; T8, VC 2 tonnes/ha + PSB. Observations on the growth parameters were taken at 30 DAP, 45 DAP and at harvest. Among the treatments, T7 recorded the highest yield (27.5 tonnes/ha), net income (192703.00) and other quality parameters. However, the benefit-cost ratio was found maximum (2.6) in the treatment T4 due to lesser cost of FYM as compared to vermicompost used in the treatment T7. Therefore, the combined use of NPK, FYM and PSB (T4) may be recommended for economic as well as environment friendly production of lettuce.
Long term conservation agriculture impact on soil nitrogen fractions and wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield in subtropical Inceptisol
Authors: THAMMAIAH MOHANKUMAR KARADIHALLI , SHARMA VINOD K , PARIHAR CHITER M , BARMAN MANDIRA , DEY ABIR , CHAKRABORTY DEBASHIS
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi over two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) to evaluate the influence of conservation agriculture (CA) and nitrogen management strategies on wheat yield in an intensified maize (Zea mays L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) cropping system. Results indicated that grain and straw yields of wheat in CA plots were higher, reaching 4829 and 7231 kg/ha, respectively. However, these yields were statistically comparable to those obtained from conventionally tilled plots (4502 and 6611 kg/ha, respectively). Significantly higher wheat grain and straw yields were observed in plots receiving nitrogen fertilizer. Interestingly, the harvest index remained unaffected by both tillage practices and nitrogen management strategies. After two seasons of wheat cultivation, CA plots had significantly higher soil nitrogen fractions, including mineral, alkali-permanganate, potentially mineralizable, microbial biomass N and total nitrogen, compared to conventionally tilled plots. Moreover, all nitrogen-receiving treatments demonstrated significantly higher nitrogen fractions at both soil depths (0–5 and 5–15 cm) compared to the control. Notably, plots treated with urea super granules exhibited superior results in enhancing plant-available nitrogen. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of CA and various nitrogen management strategies for increasing wheat crop yield and promoting plant-available nitrogen fractions in the soil. These findings providevaluable insights for farmers and researchers looking for sustainable and efficient agricultural practices to optimize wheat production and soil health.
Introducing ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering Education: A Bibliometric Analysis Study for Understanding Internationalization
Authors: Al Husaeni Dwi Novia , Al Husaeni Dwi Fitria , Dani Nandiyanto Asep Bayu , Mahdi Al-Obaidi Abdulkareem Sh.
Published: August 2023

The research objective is to analyze the internationalization and social impacts of publications in the ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering Education (AJSEE) using bibliographic data from 2021 to 2022 using Publish or Perish, VOSviewer, and R Studio based on the Google Scholar database. This study shows the success rate of the AJSEE for internationalization. AJSEE has a homogeneous scope in the field of science and technology education only. AJSEE could become a medium for cooperation among international countries, which is not only limited to Asian countries. This research is expected to be a reference for researchers who will publish their articles in the science and technology education area. In addition, this research is expected to provide motivation and increase the enthusiasm of local researchers in ASEAN to conduct research, especially in the field of science and engineering education.
Hospital practices and biosocial characteristics in the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers
Authors: Lema Grefa Mishell Stefanny , Mejías Marianela
Published: August 2023

Objective: hospital practices and biosocial characteristics in the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers will be determined. Methodos: quantitative research, carried out in the community of San Pedro and Llucian between the months of September 2022 and February 2023 with a cross-section. Where 20 lactating women participated, who completed non-probabilistic inclusion criteria selected by the simple random test method, an interview was applied as a data collection technique and numerical and statistical results were presented. The results were tabulated using the SPSS software, framed the research in the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Results: the academic level was the most representative because the higher the education graduate, the higher the risk of abandoning breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life. Conclusion: it is finally concluded that the biological and social aspects are responsible for causing a great impact in terms of the desertion of exclusive breastfeeding, in addition it has been possible to determine the importance and benefit of compliance with hospital practices in order to minimize the Effect of women's life experiences after childbirth
BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF FIELD GROWN SESAME INFLUENCED BY ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL INOCULATION, ROCK PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION
Authors: Harikumar V.S.
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rock phosphate (RP) fertilization on biometric parameters and mycorrhizal colonization of field grown sesame under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Inoculation of AMF Funneliformis dimorphicus improved the biometric parameters of the crop such as leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf weight (SLW), net assimilation rate (NAR), oil index (OI) as well as mycorrhizal colonization (%F) in roots. Mycorrhizal inoculation however, did not give any positive response on harvest index (HI). LA, LAI and OI and %F showed a general increment in treatments of no added P (P0), while the other parameters such as SLW and NAR were improved by the application of RP at half the recommended dose (P50). HI did not respond to RP fertilization. Most of the parameters (LA, LAI, NAR, %F) showed higher values under rainfed condition than irrigated condition whereas, SLW, HI and OI improved significantly under irrigated condition. Results indicated that the inoculation of AMF to field grown sesame can compensate for 50% of the recommended P fertilizer under a need based irrigation schedule, without affecting the biometric parameters.
COMUNICACIÓN DEL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO ENTRE PRODUCTORES Y ESTRATEGIAS DE ADAPTACIÓN EN AGROECOSISTEMAS DEL TRÓPICO SUBHÚMEDO MEXICANO
Authors: Casanova-Pérez Lorena , Martínez-Dávila Juan Pablo , López-Ortiz Silvia , Landeros-Sánchez Cesáreo , López-Romero Gustavo
Published: August 2023

The comprehension of climate change among farmers in the Mexican sub-humid tropics is critical to becoming a social communication issue. This theoretical presumption guided the present research, whose objective was to understand the importance of communication on climate change regarding to its definition, the identification of impacts and the development of adaptation strategies by farmers from four localities of the central area of the state of Veracruz. This region is part of the Mexican sub-humid tropics. A survey and interviews in depth were conducted. As long as climate change does not become a social communication issue, farmers will not think of it as a threat. That is, there will be no conditions for farmers to design and implement medium and long-term adaptation strategies in their agroecosystems, either self-supported or with institutional help.
ORIGEN, HISTORIA Y SITUACIÓN ACTUAL DE LA OVEJA PELIBUEY EN MÉXICO
Authors: Aguilar Martínez Cecilio Ubaldo , Berruecos Villalobos José Manuel , Espinoza Gutiérrez Bertha , Segura Correa José Candelario , Valencia Méndez Javier , Roldán Roldán Antonio
Published: August 2023

Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) is descendant from Asian mouflon and was domesticated in the Near East. Later, sheep began its dissemination to West Africa, where it is believed that the ancestry of Pelibuey sheep came from. Pelibuey sheep were brought to America by the Spaniards to feed the crew of the boats. It is unclear whether these animals came directly from West Africa or from the Canary Islands. It is considered that Pelibuey sheep entered to Mexico between 1930 and 1940, although some authors think that this breed already existed in the country in the late nineteenth century. Since 1963, Pelibuey sheep has been the most studied breed in Mexico, due to its ability to produce in tropics, as well as its high adaptability to most agro-ecological zones of the country. A brief review about productive and reproductive traits in current Pelibuey herds, allowed to conclude that they are very similar to those of the first sheep studied almost 50 years ago. Currently, the breed has been subjected to  non-planned crosses with other breeds to increase productivity, which puts in risk this important genetic resource. Therefore, there is a need to realize the conservation of the breed.  
ORGANIC CARBON AND CARBON STOCK: RELATIONS WITH PHYSICAL INDICATORS AND SOIL AGGREGATION IN AREAS CULTIVATED WITH SUGAR CANE
Authors: Lima Diego Tolentino de , Paula Alyne Dantas Mendes de , Lemes Ernane Miranda , Rodrigues Gabrielly Isaac , Torres Jose Luiz Rodrigues , Vieira Dinamar Márcia Da Silva
Published: August 2023

Soil organic carbon and carbon stock influence, directly or indirectly, most of soil aggregate stability indicators. The objective of this study was to quantify the production of dry biomass (DB), total organic carbon (TOC) and carbon stock (CStk) in soil, and to evaluate their influence on some indicators of aggregation in an Oxisol at a Cerrado biome in Uberaba-MG, Brazil. The design was completely randomized blocks, in two evaluation periods: three and six cuts, at six depths (0-0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.3, 0.3-0.4, 0.4-0.5 and 0.5-0.6 m). It was evaluated: soil density (SD), volumetric humidity (VH), aggregate stability index (AEI), weighted mean diameter (WDA), mean diameter (GDA), index of aggregates with diameter greater than 2 mm (AI) and sensitivity index (SI), replicated by 4. The best AEI of the soil and the highest TOC contents were found in the most superficial layers, 0 to 0.2 m, for both cuttings. The greater values of TOC and CStk, occurred at the sixth cut area, where there was a higher amount of DB on soil surface. The higher levels of organic matter did not provide higher AEI in the area of sixth cut, when compared to that of the third cut. The TOC and CStk levels in both areas generally had a positive influence on soil aggregation indicators for both cuts.
ROASTED AFRICAN STAR APPLE (Chrysophyllum albidum) KERNEL MEAL IMPROVES GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GROWING RABBITS
Authors: Makinde O. John , Aremu A. , Alabi O.J. , Jiya E.Z. , Ibe E.A.
Published: August 2023

Nutritionally, Chrysophyllum albidum seeds have been reported to contain high amount of energy. However, the presence of anti-nutritional substances such as phytate, oxalate, saponin, and tannin in the seeds hinder animals from benefitting from it nutritionally. A 12-week study was carried out to examine the effect of substituting dietary maize with roasted African star apple kernel meal (RASAKM) on growth performance and blood indices of growing rabbits. A total of forty eight weaner rabbits (mixed breed, average weight, 590 g) were randomly allocated to four experimental diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 % RASAKM as substitute for dietary maize in a Completely Randomized Design. Roasted ASAKM influenced (P< 0.05) weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass parameters measured. Rabbits fed 5 and 10 % RASAKM diets had similar (P>0.05) weight gain (17.47 g and 16.69 g) with those fed the control diet (18.62 g). Rabbits fed 5 and 10 % RASAKM diets produced higher (P< 0.05) carcass compared with those fed 15 % RASAKM. Haematological indices analysed were not influenced (P>0.05) by the dietary treatments except for white blood cell and monocytes. It was concluded that RASAKM could be used up to 10 % to replace dietary maize in the diet of growing rabbits without compromising performance and carcass quality.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS PASTIZALES DEL ÁREA DE PROTECCIÓN DE FLORA Y FAUNA NEVADO DE TOLUCA PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN OVINA
Authors: Estrada Flores Julieta Gertrudis , Hernández Juana Martínez , González Felipe López , Arriaga-Jordán Carlos Manuel , González-Rebeles Islas Carlos , Rosa García Rocío , Hernández-Luna Guadalupe Brendali , Valdés Reyna Jesús
Published: August 2023

In the Nevado de Toluca Flora and Fauna Protection Area (Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Nevado de Toluca—APFFNT), farmers engage in pastoral activity, using communal areas for grazing. This activity is a means of production that provides the necessary products for the subsistence of shepherds, although knowledge of the specific characteristics of the grasses and implications for livestock production is lacking. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the primary productivity, nutritional quality and predominant plant species of three grasslands in the APFFNT, in order to evaluate their Dry Matter (DM) production. Grasslands were selected in the Agua Blanca, Loma Alta and La Peñuela localities. In each locality six areas for study were defined, and in each of the area, an exclusion cage was placed. From September 2013 to August 2014, samples were taken every 28 days to determine the increase of the grass yield in each area over time. In the grasslands in Agua Blanca, significant differences were not observed in Net Forage Accumulation (NFA) across time. In the Loma Alta grasslands, however, production was different (P<0.05) from November to April, the months corresponding to the lowest production levels and the least precipitation. In the La Peñuela grasslands, the lowest NFA was produced in February and the highest NFA in July (P<0.05). The results presented in this paper indicate a high degree of variation in forage quality across the months studied. An increase in fiber and a decrease in protein was observed during the dry season. The results of this study provide an important foundation for sustainable development in livestock activity in the APFFNT grasslands.
SEED DIVERSITY IN NATIVE MEXICAN Jatropha curcas L. AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Valdés-Rodríguez Ofelia Andrea , Pérez-Vázquez Arturo , Palacios-Wassenaar Olivia Margarita , Sánchez-Sánchez Odilón
Published: August 2023

This study presents an assessment of 51 provenances of Jatropha curcas L. collected in Mexico during a four-year period. Morphological (weight, length, width and thickness) and chemical characteristics (oil, protein and phorbol ester contents) were evaluated. Correlation and cluster analysis were performed to identify similarities among provenance´s characteristics. Long term climatic data (30-year), and accumulative rain and average temperature during the previous 12 months were collected to determine climatic implications on seed characteristics by a principal component analysis. The results indicated that Mexican seeds are heavier and have greater morphological and chemical variability than those reported in other countries, with positive correlation between seed weight and accumulative rain during the previous seven months. The highest correlation between seed parameters was found among length and weight, while protein and oil contents had no correlation with morphological data. Principal component analysis showed that phorbol ester content was negatively correlated with temperature, rain and seed weight. It was concluded that due to their high seed weight, oil and protein contents, native Mexican provenances are valuable germplasm for genetic breeding programs with commercial purposes.

Este estudio presenta una evaluación de 51 procedencias Jatropha curcas L. colectadas en México durante un periodo de cuatro años. Se evaluaron características morfológicas (pesos, longitud, ancho y grosor) y químicas (contenido de aceites, proteínas y ésteres de forbol). Se realizaron análisis de conglomerados y correlación para identificar similitudes entre las características de las procedencias. Se tomaron datos climáticos de largo plazo (30 años), y precipitación acumulada y temperatura promedio durante los 12 meses previos, para determinar, mediante un análisis de componentes principales, las implicaciones climáticas sobre las características de las semillas. Los resultados indicaron que las semillas mexicanas son más pesadas y tienen mayor variabilidad morfológica y química que las reportadas en otros países, y una correlación positiva entre el peso y la lluvia acumulada en los siete meses previos. La mayor correlación entre parámetros se encontró entre longitud y peso, mientras que el contenido de proteínas y la toxicidad no estuvieron correlacionadas con la morfología de las semillas. El análisis de componentes principales indicó que el contenido de ésteres de forbol tuvo correlación negativa con la temperatura, la lluvia y el peso de la semilla. Se concluye que, dado el elevado peso y contenido de aceite y proteínas, las procedencias mexicanas constituyen un germoplasma valioso para programas de mejoramiento genético con fines comerciales. 
MORPHOLOGY, PHENOLOGY, NUTRIENTS AND YIELD OF SIX ACCESSIONS OF Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz y Pav (MASHUA)
Authors: Valle-Parra Miguel , Pomboza-Tamaquiza Pablo , Buenaño-Sanchez Marcia , Guevara-Freire Deysi , Chasi-Vizuete Paolo , Vásquez-Freitez Carlos , Pérez-Salinas Marco
Published: August 2023

The aim of this work was to characterize the morphology, phenology, main nutrients and yield, of six accessions of mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruiz y Pav) from the central region of Ecuador. The trial was carried out in Cevallos-Ecuador, at 2865 m.a.s.l, single parcels were installed at each accession. The morphological characteristics observed were related to foliage, leaf, stem, flower and tuber. Also, the duration of the four phenological phases were registered; the yield; and the macronutrients of the tuber were analyzed. Analysis were carried out regarding the main components, the variance and conglomerates. The results reveal that the variables associated with the flower and tuber were the most useful for identifying the accessions. The accession Poza Rondador registered the longest duration of the cultivation cycle (282 days), the highest usage of water (Kc 1.1) and the highest content of nutrients (protein 18.25%, phosphorus 0.73% and potassium 2.3%), whilst the Yellow registered the shortest cultivation cycle (169 days) and the lowest amount of nutrients (protein 11.19%, phosphorus 0.42% and potassium 0.99%). The rest of the accessions varied between these ranges. The results suggest the need to promote the cultivation of accessions with higher content of nutrients. On the other hand, they also reveal the need to study secondary metabolites, and to identify accessions with potential to create nutraceutical foods.
Understanding the Limits of the Bouguer-Beer-Lambert Law
Authors: Mayerhöfer Thomas G. , Pahlow Susanne , Popp Juergen
Published: August 2023

The Bouguer-Beer-Lambert law is frequently applied in spectroscopy and spectrophotometry. Often it is assumed that it accurately describes the observed changes induced by light-matter interactions and properly reflects the physical phenomena at play. For most cases, however, this is not true, and issues can arise when the Bouguer-Beer-Lambert law is applied uncritically. In this short article, we will comment on its fundamental limits and their physical background.
Cuidado perdido de enfermería en pacientes hospitalizados servicio de medicina interna
Authors: Cusme Torres Nadihezka , Cantuñi Carpio Verónica , Chasillacta Amores Fabiola , Jiménez Hurtado William , Egas Medina Fanny Paola , Chileno Camacho Luis Felipe
Published: August 2023

La enfermería es una disciplina científica que abarca diferentes áreas profesionales. Sin embargo, en este trabajo, nos centraremos en el ámbito de los cuidados aplicados a los pacientes durante su estancia hospitalaria. Durante este tiempo, pueden surgir incidencias, como la omisión o retraso de la aplicación de los cuidados de enfermería repercutiendo en los resultados finales de los pacientes. Evidenciar Cuidado Perdido De Enfermería En Pacientes Hospitalizados. Estudio bajo el paradigma cuantitativo con diseño descriptivo de corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia.
A Report of the Hair Growth Effect of Cold Atmospheric Microwave Plasma Therapy Device for Cutaneous Wound Healing After Patella Luxation Surgery
Authors:   The Korean Society for Veterinary Nursing, Kim Hyang-Mee
Published: August 2023

Surgically sutured wounds should be managed by coagulating subcutaneous and cutaneous bleeding, suppressing serous fluid retention, and preventing external bacterial infection. Cold atmospheric microwave plasma (CAMP) device therapy is one of several rehabilitation methods for skin infection and wound treatment. It stimulates keratinocytes in the dermis to promote gene expression related to the cell cycle, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell adhesion and wound healing. This case report was based on the application of low-temperature atmospheric microwave plasma (CAMP) performed after bilateral patella luxation repair in a male, pomeranian dog. CAMP, which was carried out for the purpose of rehabilitation, was showed not only wound repair but also hair growth effect of the skin.
A Case of Rhinitis Caused by Severe Periodontitis in a Maltese
Authors:   The Korean Society for Veterinary Nursing, Kim Hyang-Mee , Han Sei-Myoung
Published: August 2023

A 2.8kg, 10-year-old, spayed female, maltese presented to the hospital with sudden sneezing and nasal discharge symptoms. On physical examination, the discharge of secretions came out through the bi-nostrils and abundant calculus, generalized gingivitis, and movement of several teeth in dental examinations. Dental radiographs showed periapical lucencies of the right maxillary canine and left fourth premolar. After scaling and multiple extractions including right maxillary canine and left fourth premolar, the clinical symptoms totally disappeared. Then, clindamycin 11mg/kg, orally, q12h was prescribed for 14 days. After treatment, the patient's nasal disease improved. Among the causes of rhinitis in dogs, periodontitis is a common cause. If a patient with a poor dental condition shows nasal discharge accompanied by sneezing, it is necessary to consider checking for periodontitis through dental X-ray imaging or CT scan.
An examination of an 8-week online activity-specific skills program to BMI of local college students
Authors: Sobarna Akhmad , Lobo Joseph , Setiawan Edi , Estilo Kristia , Parcon Lou Margarett , Bulquerin Andrea Audine , Delos Santos Jackelyn , Valencia Mike Jhun , Sabid Joanna Marie , Inayan Frietzie , Jumareng Hasanuddin
Published: August 2023

Requiring college students to engage in basic resistance training, locomotor, and non-locomotor exercises has shown mixed results in decreasing and improving BMI. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an online activity-specific skills program on college students’ BMI. An experimental research design was employed, with students participating in activity-specific exercises for eight consecutive weeks. Demographic factors, including gender, pre- and post-test BMI, and the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire, were considered. An Independent Sample T-Test was used to determine significant differences in post-test scores based on gender, while a Paired Samples T-Test was used to analyze differences between pre- and post-test scores. The results indicated no significant difference in the pre-test scores. Moreover, after the eight-week activity-specific skills program, there was no significant difference observed between the pre- and post-test scores. The movement patterns taught in PE 1, encompassing locomotor, non-locomotor, and basic resistance training, did not impact students’ body mass indexes. These findings may prompt educators to reassess the effectiveness of current physical education methods or to explore alternative approaches that might be more successful in reducing students’ BMI. As the results are inconclusive, further research with a larger sample size is needed to validate the assertions made in this study.
COVID-19 as a Disease of Poverty and Inequality. Pandemic Impact on Economic Growth, Changes and Problems in the Current Time
Authors: CHOJNACKA Katarzyna J.
Published: August 2023

In this research, the author has attempted to systematize the current state of knowledge on selected aspects of poverty and inequality, in light of available analysis and quantitative data, from the perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article is of a polemic nature. Therefore, this text should be treated as a starting point for the empirical research planned by the author during the following months of the research project: SUPB.RN.21.109, Id: 538. The purpose of this paper is to distinguish the most significant areas where the COVID-19 pandemic initiated change. Due to the importance of the phenomenon, the variability over time, as well as its complex aspect, it would be impossible to discuss the issue comprehensively within a single publication, as highlighted. The motto of the considerations was the words of Gorynia (2020): The coronavirus is unquestionably a phenomenon from the world of uncertainty rather than the world of probability (...) it is a multidimensional phenomenon and as such requires an appropriate approach to its complexity. Copyright© 2022 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Integrating Sustainable Trade Principles in Uzbekistan
Authors: RAHMETOV Anvar , RAKHMETOVA Malika
Published: August 2023

This article is an assessment of the current state of affairs in Uzbekistan’s sustainable development goals (SDG)-related policies. It is based on an analysis of UN compiled data on SDGs, and an overview of Uzbekistan’s key SDG-related strategies, as well as unstructured interviews with a dozen respondents. Desk research suggests that Government’s key SDG priorities remain in export promotion, job creation and increased economic competitiveness. Interviews suggest that sustainability is understood as political and economic stability, economic growth, environmental conservation and rule of law. From the SDG issues, respondents identified SME and female entrepreneur support, employment generation and e-commerce as the ones with the highest priority, while concurring that corruption, monopolies and market distortions, low policy implementation capacity and limited public awareness of sustainability were the greatest obstacles. The greatest strength of Uzbekistan in integrating international trade into SDGs is the current reform momentum. Significantly improved relations with neighbours are another strength, with a window of opportunity to improve on regional trade, transit, connectivity, as well as water management and water-energy nexus. The greatest challenge remains the government’s focus on exports, jobs and investments at the expense of other SDGs, as well as the continuation of the import substitution policies.Copyright© 2022 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
How Many Innovations Need to Be Produced in the Process of Endogenous Growth with Fluid Intelligence
Authors: HARASHIMA Taiji
Published: August 2023

In innovation-based endogenous (Schumpeterian) growth theory, the production of innovations is constrained basically by the finite nature of the labor supply. In this paper, I show that innovations are constrained because (1) the amount of fluid intelligence of researchers in an economy is limited and (2) the returns on investments in technologies and in capital are kept equal through arbitrage in markets. With these constraints, equilibrium values of the number of researchers and their average productivity in an economy exist, and the equilibrium value of average productivity determines the amount of innovation production in each period. Distributions of fluid intelligence among researchers are most likely heterogeneous across economies, but if economies are open to each other, an economy with a smaller number of researchers with a high level of fluid intelligence can grow at the same rate as an economy with more of them.
Linking the Concepts of Financial Stability: Crises, Competition, and Concentration
Authors: BAGSIC Cristeta
Published: August 2023

Findings herein indicate that there is a chance that competition engenders systemic banking crisis for ASEAN emerging market economies, that is, there could be a competition-fragility nexus. On the other hand, at decreasing levels of competition, increasing concentration could harm financial stability. Meanwhile, when banking markets are already highly concentrated, increased competition would either not encourage fragility or be good for stability, i.e., a concentration-stability link is established. When controls for regulation and macroprudential tools are introduced, the opposite effects of competition and concentration on financial stability become more apparent.
Testing Okun’s Law in South Africa
Authors: SIPHUXOLO Tozamile , STUNGWA Sanele
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to see whether Okun's coefficient exists in South Africa. The study analysed yearly data from 1995 to 2020. The study used an error correction model (ECM) to assess the short-run relationship between the variables under investigation. The granger causality test is also used to examine the variables' short-run causality. According to the study's results, there is a negative and significant relationship between unemployment and GDP in the short run. As a result, Okun's Law applies in South Africa. The Granger causality test findings reveal that GDP Granger causes unemployment in South Africa. As a result, the study recommends that policymakers prioritize balancing labour-intensive and capital-intensive jobs, as well as encouraging entrepreneurship and sufficient education and training.
The Export of Medium and High-Tech Products Manufactured in Europe
Authors: COSTANTIELLO Alberto , LAURETI Lucio , LEOGRANDE Angelo
Published: August 2023

In this article we analyze the determinants and the export trend of European countries of medium and high technology products. The data were analyzed using various econometric models, namely WLS, Pooled OLS, Dynamic Panel, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects. The results show that exports of medium and high-tech products are positively associated, among other variables, with the value of “Average Annual GDP Growth”, “Total Entrepreneurial Activity” and “Sales Impacts”, and negatively associated with, among other variables, “Human Resources”, “Government and Procurement of Advanced Technology Products” and “Buyer Sophistication”. A cluster analysis was realized with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient. The result showed the presence of only two clusters. Since this result was considered poorly representative of the industrial complexity of the European Union countries, a further analysis was carried out with the Elbow method. The result showed the presence of 6 clusters with the dominance of Germany and the economies connected to the German economy. In addition, a network analysis was carried out using the distance to Manhattan. Four complex network structures and two simplified network structures were detected. A comparison was then made between 10 machine learning algorithms for predicting the value of exports of medium and high-tech products. The result shows that the best performing algorithm is the SGD. An analysis with Augmented Data-AD was implemented with a comparison between 10 machine learning algorithms for prediction and the result shows that the Linear Regression algorithm is the best predictor. The prediction with the Augmented Data-AD allows to reduce the MAE by about 0.0022131 compared to the prediction with the Original Data-OD.
Decision Choice under Pareto Optimal Criteria
Authors: CHATTERJEE Sidharta
Published: August 2023

According to the axiomatic foundations of social choice theory, not all decisions benefit everyone. Often, decisions that do not have any implied benefit for the decision maker are made in the (best) interests of others. When a decision is made concerning welfare of others, some individuals - including the decision maker, may be on the receiving end. For, it is impossible to make social decisions by taking into account individual preferences that satisfy all and everyone. This is because of a great variety in individual choices and preferences ubiquitous among different individuals. Tastes vary among different people—so does individual preferences, and that is natural. Conflict of interests arises due to subtle variances in individual preferences. In this paper, we discuss about the decision choice that seldom works for every conceivable set of individual preferences. Following Arrovian precepts, it is impossible to satisfy all, for there remains a great diversity in individual preferences that result in the problem of choice. Hence, in this research, we develop a taste-based theory of social choice that attempts to address the problem of choice by helping individuals choose the best and the most effective and optimal option among a given set of alternatives that’s assumed to be rational.
Numerical Simulations of Reaching a Steady State: No Need to Generate Any Rational Expectations
Authors: HARASHIMA Taiji
Published: August 2023

It is not easy to numerically simulate the path to a steady state because there is no closed form solution in dynamic economic growth models in which households behave generating rational expectations. In contrast, it is easy if households are supposed to behave under the MDC (maximum degree of comfortability)-based procedure. In such a simulation, a household increases or decreases its consumption according to simple formulae. In this paper, I simulate the path when households behave under the MDC-based procedure, and the results of simulations indicate that households can easily reach a stabilized (steady) state without generating any rational expectations by behaving according to their feelings and guesses about their preferences and the state of the entire economy. 
Impact of Foreign Companies on Fixed Asset Investments of Domestic Enterprises in Poland
Authors: SZLASKA Izabela
Published: August 2023

Analyzing the literature, which indicates the high importance of financial surplus in investment expenditures, which are essential in creating a competitive advantage, and having in mind that with GDP growth a decreasing trend can be observed in the sphere of investment expenditures in Poland, an analysis was made of the sources of financing investment expenditures of enterprises and the financial result of entities with domestic and foreign capital operating in Poland. This made it possible to identify the situation of the Polish economy over the years in terms of the structure of investments and to try to answer the question of whether the financial results achieved by entities with domestic capital are sufficient to make the investments necessary to maintain a high position in the competitive environment. As a result of the analysis, it was found that entities with domestic capital, representing a majority of around 80 % of the total balance sheet contributors in Poland, generate only 60% of the gross financial result, while less than 20 % of foreign companies have a financial result exceeding 40%. The methods used include an analysis of the literature, data contained in statistical databases (CSO and Eurostat). The data presented cover the period 2005-2020, mostly in the form of annual aggregates for Poland.
Do Researchers Affect Economic Growth?
Authors: BAKARI Sayef
Published: August 2023

The great scientific development and the great technology, which turned the globe as a whole into a small village, were not the product of a moment or a coincidence, and this great development did not come out of an empty, but was thanks to a considerable and difficult effort, and the enormous contributions of many scientists, inventors and researchers from various regions They have spent their lives studying, researching, contemplating, serving science and various sciences, with sincerity and dedication to advancing themselves and for all of humanity. Without these scientific revolutions and the great effort, they have made, we would not have achieved this great scientific and technological progress which our current era is witnessing at all levels. In this article, using a database that includes 104 countries during the period 1996 -2018, we seek an answer to the following question: Do researchers stimulate economic growth?
The Impact of Gamification on Self-Efficacy in Managers
Authors: HOFFMANN Agnieszka
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of the article is to study the impact of gamification on the phenomenon of perceived self-efficacy in managers in their work on the set goals related to the management of their team. The paper was prepared using an intervention based on the Superbetter method. The Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used to measure the level of self-efficacy before and after the intervention in the study group and twice in the control group (as a pretest and a posttest). The authors of the scale of generalized self-efficacy are as follows: Ralf Schwarzer, Michael Jerusalem, Zygfryd Juczyński. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the use of the Superbetter intervention increased the self-efficacy among managers subjected to it as part of the intervention in the research group, and thus increased their chances of introducing changes undertaken by them as a goal.Copyright© 2023 The Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Factors associated with farrowing assistance in hyperprolific sows
Authors: Wongwaipisitkul Napatsawan , Chanpanitkit Yanwarut , Vaewburt Natthacha , Phattarathianchai Piyakorn , Tummaruk Padet
Published: August 2023

Objective: The present study was performed to determine risk factors associated with the frequency of farrowing assistance in hyperprolific sows in a tropical environment and to investigate the impacts of farrowing assistance on piglet colostrum consumption and sow colostrum yield.Methods: Farrowing data from 352 Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred sows and 5,554 piglets in five commercial swine herds in Thailand were investigated. The sows were classified according to parity numbers: 1 (n = 72), 2 to 4 (n = 128), 5 to 6 (n = 84), and ≥7 (n = 68) and the total number of piglets born per litter (TB): 10 to 13 (n = 90), 14 to 16 (n = 117), and ≥17 (n = 145). The incidence of farrowing assistance and associated parameters were investigated.Results: The TB and farrowing duration averaged 15.8±0.2 and 279.9±11.2 min, respectively. The percentage of sows that required farrowing assistance was 29.8% and varied among herds from 5.7% to 53.3% (p<0.001). The percentage of piglets born after birth assistance using manual intervention was 8.4%. Sows with parity numbers 1 and 2 to 4 had a lower frequency of farrowing assistance than sows with parity numbers ≥7 (p<0.01). The colostrum yield of sows that required farrowing assistance did not differ from sows that farrowed without assistance (5.3±0.2 and 5.1±0.1 kg; p = 0.288); however, the colostrum consumption of piglets born from sows that required farrowing assistance was lower than those born from sows that farrowed without assistance (302.2±15.7 and 354.2±5.6 g; p<0.001). Blood oxygen saturation of the piglets born after birth assistance tended to be lower than the piglets that farrowed without birth assistance (87.8%±1.3% vs 90.4%±0.4%; p = 0.054).Conclusion: The frequency of farrowing assistance in sows varied among herds and was influenced by parity number. The piglets born after receiving birth assistance should receive special care to improve their blood oxygen saturation and enhance colostrum intake.
Effects of gelatin and oxytocin supplementation in a long-term semen extender on boar semen quality and fertility potential
Authors: Chankitisakul Vibuntita , Tubtimtong Nalinee , Boonkum Wuttigrai , Vongpralub Thevin
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of different concentrations of gelatin supplementation in long-term semen extender on boar semen quality during storage for 10 days at 17°C. Additionally, oxytocin was added to stored semen to enhance fertility.Methods: In Experiment 1, boar semen was collected, diluted with gelatin at concentrations between 0% and 2.5% (w/v) and mixed with a semen extender. Then, it was kept in a refrigerator at 17°C and stored for 10 days. In Experiment 2, the sperm quality was examined after adding 0, 5, and 10 IU oxytocin per artificial insemination dose to the most effective semen extender from Experiment 1 and placing it in a refrigerator at 17°C for 10 days. In Experiment 3, the fertility potential in terms of non-return rate and litter size was determined using the most effective solid-stored semen supplemented with oxytocin.Results: The results indicated that sperm quality decreased with increasing storage time (p<0.05). The sperm quality in terms of total motility, progressive motility, and viable sperm with intact acrosomes and high mitochondrial potential was the highest with 1.5% gelatin supplementation (p<0.001) on all days of storage. Treatment with oxytocin did not affect sperm quality (p>0.05). The non-return rate and litter size after insemination with semen supplemented with 1.5% gelatin and 10 IU of oxytocin after 8 to 10 days of storage were comparable to those of the control group (p>0.05).Conclusion: A semen extender as a solid medium supplemented with 1.5% gelatin successfully preserved boar semen for a long storage duration. Treatment with oxytocin did not affect sperm quality. In addition, the fertility capacity using 1.5% gelatin with 10 IU oxytocin and stored for 8 to 10 days was acceptable and comparable to that of short-term storage.
Preservation of Simmental bull sperm at 0°C in Tris dilution: effect of dilution ratio and long-distance transport
Authors: Jiang Shouqing , Huang Fei , Niu Peng , Wang Jieru , He Xiaoxia , Han Chunmei , Gao Qinghua
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of the dilution ratio of Tris diluent, storage at 0°C, and long-distance transportation on the spermatozoa of Simmental cattle. It also validated the feasibility of the regional distribution of fresh semen.Methods: In experiment 1, semen was diluted at four dilution ratios (1:6, 1:9, 1:12, and 1:15) to determine the optimal dilution ratio of Tris diluent. In experiment 2, we assessed sperm viability, progressive motility (objectively assessed by computer-assisted sperm analyzer), and acrosome intactness in Tris dilutions kept at constant 0°C for 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. We compared them to Tianshan livestock dilutions (Commercial diluent). In experiment 3, semen was diluted using Tris diluent, and sperm quality was measured before and after long-distance transport. Artificial insemination of 177 Simmental heifers compared to 156 using Tianshan Livestock dilution.Results: The outcomes demonstrated that 1:9 was the ideal Tris diluent dilution ratio. The sperm viability, Progressive Motility, and acrosome integrity of both Tris and Tianshan dilutions preserved at 0°C gradually decreased over time. sperm viability was above 50% for both dilutions on d 9, with a flat rate of decline. The decrease in acrosome integrity rate was faster for Tianshan livestock dilutions than for Tris dilutions when stored at 0°C for 1 to 6 days. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in sperm viability between semen preserved in Tris diluent after long-distance transportation and semen preserved in resting condition. The conception rates for Tris dilution and Tianshan livestock dilution were 49.15% and 46.15% respectively, with no significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusion: This shows that Tris diluent is a good long-term protectant. It has been observed that fresh semen can be successfully preserved for long-distance transport when stored under 0°C conditions. Additionally, it is feasible to distribute semen regionally.