bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beg možganov od konca petdesetih do začetka devetdesetih let 20. stoletja s poudarkom na Sloveniji
Authors: Lukšič-Hacin Marina
Published: August 2020

Namen prispevka je osvežiti spomin na čas intenzivnega (globalnega) pojava bega možganov, na njegove tematizacije v izbranih raziskavah in na položaj v Sloveniji v obdobju od konca petdesetih let do začetka devetdesetih let 20. stoletja, to je do slovenske osamosvojitve. V prvem delu prispevka avtorica teoretsko tematizira različne pojme in njihove opredelitve, v drugem delu pa prikaz samega pojava osvetli s preglednimi podatki, ki kažejo vpetost Slovenije v takratno širšo svetovno dinamiko. V zaključku poudari, da je za razumevanje pojava v vseh njegovih razsežnostih ključno razumevanje širšega konteksta.
The Use of an Enterprise Architecture Framework to Guide the Management of Big Data in Health Organisations
Authors: Nehemia Monica , Zondani Tandokazi
Published: August 2020

Big data has gained popularity in recent years, with increased interest from both public and private organisations including academics. The automation of business processes led to the proliferation of different types of data at various speeds through information systems. Big data is generated at a high rate from multiple sources that can become complex to manage with challenges to collect, manipulate, and store data with traditional IS/IT. Big data has been associated with technical non-technical challenges. Due to these challenges, organisations deploy enterprise architecture as an approach to holistically manage and mitigate challenges associated with business and technology. An exploratory study was done to determine how EA could be used to manage big data in healthcare facilities. This study employs the interpretive approach with documentation as the analysis. Findings were governance, internal and external big data sources, information technology infrastructure development, and big data skills. Through the different EA domains, big data challenges could be mitigated.
Influence of Constant Returns to Scale and Variable Returns to Scale Data Envelopment Analysis Models in ICT Infrastructure Efficiency Utilization
Authors: Oyerinde Yinka , Bankole Felix
Published: August 2020

A lot of research has been done using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure efficiency in Education. DEA has also been used in the field of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) to investigate and measure the efficiency of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) investments on Human Development. Education is one of the major components of the Human Development Index (HDI) which affects the core of Human Development. This research investigates the relative efficiency of ICT Infrastructure Utilization on the educational component of the HDI in order to determine the viability of Learning Analytics using DEA for policy direction and decision making. A conceptual model taking the form of a Linear Equation was used and the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) and Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) models of the Data Envelopment Analysis were employed to measure the relative efficiency of the components of ICT Infrastructure (Inputs) and the components of Education (Outputs). Results show a generally high relative efficiency of ICT Infrastructure utilization on Educational Attainment and Adult Literacy rates, a strong correlation between this Infrastructure and Literacy rates as well, provide an empirical support for the argument of increasing ICT infrastructure to provide an increase in Human Development, especially within the educational context. The research concludes that DEA as a methodology can be used for macroeconomic decision making and policy direction within developmental research.
Deployment of Information Technology Governance Using Architectural Framework
Authors: Batyashe Nomathamsanqa (Thami) Rachel
Published: August 2020

The goals of every organisation are unique. It is difficult to find a single information technology governance framework that will embrace the functions of every organisation. This is attributed to the primary reason why organisations tend to select multiple IT governance frameworks, for their processes and activities. However, many organisations later realised that some of the frameworks are very similar and others are inappropriate. This evidently and inevitably causes complexities and negatively impacts return on investment in organisations. This highlights the need for an architectural framework that guides the selection and implementation of an appropriate framework, as presented and discussed in this chapter. The qualitative case study and interpretive method and approach are followed in conducting this research, which is to develop an architectural framework for the implementation of IT governance in organisations. A South African organisation was used as a case, focusing on the IT division. The data collection method presented in this research was semi-structured interviews.
The Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Munapo Elias
Published: August 2020

The chapter presents a traveling salesman problem, its network properties, convex quadratic formulation, and the solution. In this chapter, it is shown that adding or subtracting a constant to all arcs with special features in a traveling salesman problem (TSP) network model does not change an optimal solution of the TSP. It is also shown that adding or subtracting a constant to all arcs emanating from the same node in a TSP network does not change the TSP optimal solution. In addition, a minimal spanning tree is used to detect sub-tours, and then sub-tour elimination constraints are generated. A convex quadratic program is constructed from the formulated linear integer model of the TSP network. Interior point algorithms are then applied to solve the TSP in polynomial time.
Prospects for Energy Supply of the Arctic Zone Objects of Russia Using Frost-Resistant Solar Modules
Authors: Panchenko Vladimir
Published: August 2020

The scientific work is devoted to the prospect of using frost-resistant solar modules with extended service life of various designs for energy supply of infrastructure facilities of the Arctic zone of Russia. The general characteristic of the region under consideration is given, and its energy specifics, directions of energy development based on renewable energy sources are considered. In the work, frost-resistant planar photovoltaic modules and solar roofing panels with an extended service life for power supply of objects are proposed. For simultaneous heat and electrical generation, frost-resistant planar photovoltaic thermal roofing panels and concentrator solar installation with high-voltage matrix solar modules with a voltage of 1000 V and an electrical efficiency of up to 28% are proposed. The considered solar modules have an extended rated power period due to the use of the technology of sealing solar cells with a two-component polysiloxane compound and are able to work effectively at large negative ambient temperatures and large ranges of its fluctuations.
Transmission Risk Optimization in Interconnected Systems
Authors: Madhu M. Nimal , Singh Jai Govind , Mohan Vivek , Ongsakul Weerakorn
Published: August 2020

Available transfer capability is a key indicator of transmission reliability and varies with the variation in power flow pattern through the network. ATC determination considering the uncertainties in renewable generation and demand is of key significance for the safe and economic operation of power system, especially in a competitive market environment. A two-stage, risk-adjusted, generation dispatch minimizing the variation in ATC, caused by the changes in renewable energy power output and the change in load, is discussed. The solution strategy is designed for a network operator, considering the ease of use and practicality. A combined transmission-distribution system with solar, wind, and conventional dispatchable energy sources is developed, and ATC for the systems is estimated combining continuation power flow and power transfer sensitivity factor methods. The joint probability distribution function of ATC is derived using individual discrete probabilities renewable power generation and loads. Risk, quantified as the variance of ATC, is minimized using stochastic weight trade-off non-dominated sorting particle swarm optimization, considering various goals of the network operator, for example, maximizing overall system performance and minimizing the renewable energy risk.
Oppositional Differential Search Algorithm for the Optimal Tuning of Both Single Input and Dual Input Power System Stabilizer
Authors: Paul Sourav , Roy Provas Kumar
Published: August 2020

Low frequency oscillation has been a major threat in large interconnected power system. These low frequency oscillations curtain the power transfer capability of the line. Power system stabilizer (PSS) helps in diminishing these low frequency oscillations by providing auxiliary control signal to the generator excitation input, thereby restoring stability of the system. In this chapter, the authors have incorporated the concept of oppositional based learning (OBL) along with differential search algorithm (DSA) to solve PSS problem. The proposed technique has been implemented on both single input and dual input PSS, and comparative study has been done to show the supremacy of the proposed techniques. The convergence characteristics as well authenticate the sovereignty of the considered algorithms.
Smart Connected Digital Products and IoT Platform With the Digital Twin
Authors: Ayoobkhan Mohamed Uvaze Ahamed , D. Yuvaraj , A. Jayanthiladevi , Easwaran Balamurugan , R. ThamaraiSelvi
Published: August 2020

A digital illustration of a novel prevalence of a physical product helps one to gain larger insight into that product's state performance and behavior digital twin, which is an unequivocal advanced copy of an item, method, or control. This living model creates a thread between the physical and digital worlds. A model of a physical object—a 'twin'—enables you to observe its standing, diagnose problems, and take a look at solutions remotely. It's a dynamic virtual illustration of a tool that is unendingly fed with knowledge from embedded sensors and packages. This provides associate degree correct period of time standing of the physical device. Digital twins drive innovation and performance and offer development technicians prognostic analytics that give firms the flexibility to boost client expertise.
Screening Tests for Gynaecological Cancer
Authors: Petousis Stamatios , Margioula-Siarkou Chrysoula , Margioula-Siarkou Georgia , Guyon Frederic , Mavromatidis George
Published: August 2020

The main screening tests that are used for the prevention and early diagnosis of gynaecological cancer are bimanual pelvic examination, transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasound, cervical cytology testing (Papanicolaou test), clinical breast examination, mammography, breast ultrasound, as well as newer diagnostic methods, such as HPV-DNA test and cancer biomarkers. Even though most of the above methods are widely used in everyday practice in gynaecology, it remains a subject for further discussion which of them should be used as screening tests and whether they increase safety in clinical approach of a patient, considering the danger of overdiagnosis and the role of screening test in personalized management of patients. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the clinical benefit and safety of diagnostic methods related to prevention of various types of gynaecological cancer and in particular endometrial, ovarian, cervical, and breast cancer.
Conventional and Non-Conventional ANNs in Medical Diagnostics
Authors: G. Devika , Karegowda Asha G.
Published: August 2020

Computer technology advancements in recent days have offered professionals in different fields the ability to gather data, process information, store, and retrieve at a faster rate and make effective decisions. The large collection of data among all various applications including medical diagnosis has paved the need to employ advanced artificial neural networks (ANN). This chapter provides a detailed working view of ANN, covering its various architectures and design techniques in brief. A detailed analysis and summary of medical diagnostics applications using various ANN techniques will be leveraged. Imbalanced data is the major problem with medical data. This chapter briefs on the various methods to handle imbalanced data. Finally, future directions and potential current challenges are suggested for additional applications in neural networks.
A Survey on Prematurity Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Based on Fundus Images Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Dash Amiya Kumar , Mohapatra Puspanjali
Published: August 2020

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a disease related to eye correlated with long-standing diabetes. It is a leading cause of blindness among working adults. Detection of this condition in the early stage is critical for good prognosis. Present day detection of DR normally requires digital fundus image or images generated using optical coherence tomography (OCT). As OCT are high-priced, diagnosis of DR using fundus image will benefit for the patient and the ophthalmologists. Manual inspection of morphological changes in blood vessels, microaneurysms, exudates, hemorrhages, and macula are time consuming and tedious tasks. So, designing a computer-aided system helps in analyzing the morphological changes and identifying the DR. This chapter reviews the applications of machine learning and deep learning algorithms for detection of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy by analyzing fundus images.
Big Data Applications in Healthcare Administration
Authors: Kasten Joseph E.
Published: August 2020

The healthcare industry has a growing record of using big data-related technologies such as data analytics, internet of things, and machine learning, especially in the clinical areas. However, healthcare institutions must also perform all of the administrative processes just as any other organization. Thus, like many other industries, healthcare has begun to apply these same technologies to improve their understanding of these internal operations and use them to make better decisions and run a more effective operation. This study takes a structured literature review approach to describe the current state of this literature and identify the major themes and priorities of both the research community and the healthcare industry as a whole. The contribution made by this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the state of the literature to use as a foundation for the future research opportunities noted in the paper.
The Role of the Human Capital in the Corruption-Economic Growth Nexus
Authors: Chokri Terzi , Anis El Ammari
Published: August 2020

This article examines the corruption effects on economic growth in Tunisia during the period 1987 to 2016. The model used in this study is an extension of Solow's model by defining corruption in the field of technical progress. In order to delineate the role of the human capital in corruption, the study sets out to estimate the model firstly in the absence and in the presence of human capital. One outstanding result of VECM estimations is that, in the long run, the human capital plays a key role in the increase of the effect of the total corruption and the decrease in the effect of the growth of the population without effecting a change in the physical capital. In the short term, human capital allows to transform the negative effect of the delayed variable output into a positive one. It also increased the effect of total corruption and made the effect of physical capital positive.
Infection risk stratification in total knee joint arthroplasty using a new scoring system
Authors: Purudappa Prabhudev Prasad , Sudevan Prasanth J. , Chandrasekharan Jayadev , Sambandam Senthil N. , Mounasamy Varatharaj , Varatharaj Sushruthi , Sharma Om P.
Published: August 2020

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a catastrophic complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) adding significant costs to the health care system with increasing morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to develop a prognostic scoring system that could risk-stratify patients undergoing TKA for the risk of PJI. The study included 150 patients who underwent primary TKA from June 2012 to February2016. There were 60 patients in group I who were not risk stratified using the scoring system, while 90 patients were assigned to group II and were prospectively assigned scores based on the scoring system. Points were assigned for each pre-op variable and a scoring chart was developed. Group II patients scoring 4 or more were counseled to optimize their modifiable risk factors before proceeding with surgery. Retrospective chart review was done for patients in group I to find out their risk score for the study purpose. Nine out of 60 patients in group I were found to have score above 4 based on the chart review, of which 4 patients got infected (P<0.05). None of the group II patients got infected after TKA. In conclusion, our scoring system is an objective scoring system for preoperative risk stratification of patients undergoing TKA, thus helping identification and optimization of the risk factors preoperatively to decrease the risk of PJI.
Anesthetic Management of Pulmonary Surgery in Newborns and Infants
Authors: Caruselli Marco , Galvagni Daniele , Boubnova Julia , Michel Fabrice
Published: August 2020

The main congenital pulmonary airways malformations in newborns and infants requiring surgery are cystic adenoid malformation, congenital lobar emphysema and bronchogenic cyst. The surgical treatment preferably via thoracoscopy is recommended within the first year of life to avoid the risk of pneumopathy. A monopulmonary ventilation is then required by the surgeon to operate the diseased lung. The anesthetic management of intraoperative mono-pulmonary ventilation in newborns and infants is always challenging for the anesthesiologist. The main objective of this study was to describe anesthetic protocol for thoracoscopy and variations of monitored parameters during a mono-pulmonary ventilation procedure in newborns and infants.
Spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture in non-flooded landscape units in Namibian Zambezi region
Authors: Mwazi F.N. , Akundabweni L.S-M , Graz P. , Gwanama C.
Published: August 2020

Climate variability will continue to impact the spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture in different landscapes across the world; and in turn the variability may affect crop production. Non-flood areas in the Namibian Kwalala Landscape of Zambezi (NKLOZ) region are generally relegated to second place, as somewhat marginal for the successful production of major crops such as maize (Zea mays L.). Even when flood water has receded, non-flooded areas which get affected during floods, are still avoided for crop production. This is because residual moisture following the rainy season, is suspected to fall far short of the longer growing duration of maize, to the extent that farmers are too apprehensive to grow maize in such areas. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of seasonal rainfall on spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture within the Namibian Kwalala Landscape of Zambezi (NKLOZ) ecology, and the extent to which soil moisture status and soil temperature patterns (STEPs) characterise soil type (STP) productive potential. Three sensors were setup up at 20, 40 and 60 cm landscape of the NKLOZ, after digging a one-metre trench at each site. Soil moisture and temperature data were retrieved and monitored using Decagon DataTrac 3 software. ANOVA multiple regressions were used to analyse the effects of soil depth, rainfall, and soil temperature on soil moisture. Seasonal rainfall in the NKLOZ during the growing period between October and April (2012-2015) significantly (P < 0.05) and positively affected soil moisture, both in time and space, in recharging soil moisture to sufficiently meet maize crop water requirements in the region. Although it appeared like high amounts of soil moisture sufficiency were as a result of the events of seasonal rainfall received during the growing period, anything received between mid-January and Mid-March was still below the historical minimum and maximum decadal; and in any case late for early planted maize crop. Average soil moisture data indicated for loamy soil (8.30), sandy loam (14.30) and sand at the respective sites suggested a large rainfall season-soil texture interaction. Such an interaction should inform the prudence of production of maize from the point of view of a smart or robust crop system growing planning and management.

Key words: Decagon sensors, residual moisture, Zea mays
Effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops
Authors: Nyoni N. , Ndlovu E. , Maphosa M.
Published: August 2020

Germination, early emergence and stand establishment of crops are major yield determining factors in semi-arid and arid rainfed areas. Farmers in marginal and low input areas tend to have poor germination due to poor and shallow soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops. A study was conducted at Lupane State University, Biotechnology Laboratory in 2019. Treatments included seed priming techniques, namely hydropriming, halopriming (2% NaCl solution) osmopriming (10% PEG 6000), and solid matrix priming (18% volume/weight sand); and timing at 6, 12, 24 hours for maize and 2, 4, 6 hours for cowpea, sorghum and millet. Solid matrix priming, followed by hydropriming significantly (P<0.05) improved germination parameters (germination percentage, daily germination, peak value and germination speed) of all crops. Halopriming and osmopriming were similar in their ineffectiveness, and resulted in the least germination parameter values. Six hour solid matrix priming in 18% v/w sand was the most effective method among most crops; suggesting that solid matrix priming is an effective and possibly low cost technology, with potential to improve germination of field crops.

Key words: Seed hydration, semi-arid, solid matrix priming
Storage rot of seed yam resulting from speargrass injuries
Authors: Aidoo A.K. , Arthur S. , Bolfrey-Arku G. , Osei K. , Lamptey J.N.L. , Mochiah M.B. , Ohene-Mensah G. , Frimpong F. , Appiah-Kubi Z. , Danquah E.O.
Published: August 2020

Postharvest rot due to injury is a major contributing factor to the declining quality of stored seed yams (Dioscorea spp.). Among the several known injuries, the piercing effect of speargrass rhizomes has become a serious constraint for yam production in Ghana. The objective of this study was to assess injuries on seed yams resulting from piercing of speargrass rhizomes and their effects on postharvest rots in Ghana. Eighty farmer fields from Mem, Watro, Asanteboa and Abour in the Atebubu-Amantin Municipal in the Bono East Region of Ghana were screened for speargrass incidence and injury on harvested tubers, for laboratory analysis of pathogens in 2016 and 2017. The tubers were sorted into four categories of seed yam based on weight. Thirty seed yams each of two selected white yam cultivars (Dente and Kpamyo) with visible speargrass rhizome-pierced-tubers (VSRPT) and non-speargrass rhizome pierced healthy tubers (NSRPHT) were randomly selected and stored in a ban for weekly assessment of rot. The rotten tissues from the localised area of VPSRT were subjected to pathological investigations in the laboratory. The incidence of injury seemingly increased with increasing tuber weight. It was 0% for < 100 g samples and averagely 14% for > 1 kg samples, irrespective of cultivars and locations. Incidence of rot from NSRPHT sample was observed 5 weeks after storage (WAS) for both cultivars; and 2 WAS from the VSRPT sample and 40% higher than NSRPHT at 8 WAS. Eight and six known rot pathogens were isolated from the rotten tissues of VSRPT of Dente and Kpamyo, respectively. Injury from the piercing of speargrass rhizome significantly contributed to hastening of tuber rots; while tuber injury increased with increasing speargrass density. Appropriate management of speargrass is essential for commercial seed yam growers to reduce tuber damage which affects yam quality, storage and marketing.

Key words: Dioscorea, postharvest, rot pathogen, speargrass rhizome
Gene effect and heritability of yield and its components in eggplant
Authors: Afful N.T. , Nyadanu D. , Akromah R. , Amoatey H.M. , Oduro V. , Annor C.
Published: August 2020

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important fruit vegetables in the world, with several nutritional and medicinal benefits. However, little is known about the genetic divergence of yield and its related traits. The objective of this study was to explore gene action and heritability of traits to help direct and strengthen breeding programmes, geared towards improving yield of the crop. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) derived from two crosses (SM001-07 x ST004-03 and SM001 x San005-01) of eggplant accessions, were grown in pots in an open field, using Randomised Complete block Design (RCBD). Estimated data indicated that, the additive-dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic variation and its significance in the inheritance of fruit weight, days to flowering and fruit yield traits. Although non-allelic interactions were found in plant height and number of seeds, additive effect was more pronounced in the genetic control of days to flowering and fruit weight; while dominance effect was more important in the control of plant branching and fruit length. Plant height and fruit yield were influenced by complementary gene action. Furthermore, the study revealed low magnitudes of dominance and environmental variances for most traits showing higher heritability values. In view of the diverse gene actions, with additive, dominant and epistasis, playing significant roles in the control of different traits, backcross, recurrent selection or bi parental could be appropriate for advancing the segregating populations to meet the need of yield improvement in both crosses.

Key words: Additive, dominance, Epistasis, gene action
Solid waste management practice and dumpsite suitability analysis using GIS technology in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia
Authors: Birkie Anchinalu , Addisu Solomon , Mekuriaw Asnake
Published: August 2020

Solid waste management system is the most difficult task that many countries face. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of solid waste management practices of households and analyze dumpsites' environmental suitability in Debre Markos town. Primary data were collected from randomly selected households using structured questionnaire and from secondary data from different bureaus, from research and other reports in 2017. Qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to evaluate solid waste management practices. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social Science and Geographical Information System computer program. The results revealed that households dominantly produced biodegradable solid wastes (87.6%) with the generation rate of 0.3 kg/person/day. This made the daily total solid waste generation of households up to 6210 kg (17 m3). The suitability map of the area for landfill showed that 1.4% of the study area was highly suitable, 36% was moderately suitable and 58% was less suitable. Moreover, 4.7% of the area was found unsuitable to be used for waste disposal. In conclusion, sustainable solid waste management systems must be executed, the structure and capacity of the municipality improved and integrated solid waste management practice must be applied for a healthy environment. Moreover, the municipality should make dumpsites environmentally sound and socially acceptable to decrease impacts of solid wastes on the communal land, on human, on animal and on environmental health.

Keywords: Dumpsite; Solid waste; Biodegradable; Suitability; Environmental health; Geographic Information system; Landfill; Incineration.
Efficacy of the ethanol extracts of the leaves of some plant species on the mortality of maize weevils, Sitophilus zeamais (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) and prevention of grain damage
Authors: Alehegn Mastewal , Damtie Destaw , Wale Melaku , Kebede Yewulsew
Published: August 2020

Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) damages maize, a major cereal crop in Ethiopia. A study was conducted to determine the anti-weevil activities of ethanol extracts of leaves of Juniperus procera, Phytolacca dodecandra, Ostegia integrifolia, Sansevieria trifasciata, and Eucalyptus globulus. Extraction was done using 70% ethanol. Two types of tests (toxicity and efficacy) were conducted using three doses, i.e., 50, 75, and 100 ml/kg of each plant. In the toxicity test, weevil mortality was measured at the 6th, 12th, 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours, then weekly for five weeks. For efficacy test, weevil mortality and grain damage (weight loss, percent holes, and percent germination) were assessed three months after treatment. J. procera and P. dodecandra were more toxic (96.6% and 96.4% mortality rate, respectively). The 50 and 75 ml/kg doses of E. globulus, 75 and 100 ml/kg doses of J. procera, of P. dodecandra, and of S. trifasciata killed 100% of the weevils; in the control mortality was 23.3%. Grain weight loss was high in the control (7.8%) followed by grains treated by 75 ml/kg extracts of O. integrifolia (5.9%). Percentage holes was high in the control (70%) followed by 75 ml/kg extracts of O. integrifolia (26.7%). Germination was high in grains treated with 50 and 75 ml/kg doses of J. procera, E. globulus, S. trifasciata, and P. dodecandra in descending order. The 75 and 100 ml/kg extracts of J. procera, E. globulus, S. trifasciata, and P. dodecandra were good candidates in the control of maize weevils with limitations of allelopathy in the 100 ml/kg.

Keywords: Juniperus procera; Maize weevil; Ostegia integrifolia; Phytolacca dodecandra; Sansevieria trifasciata; Sitophilus zeamais.
Spatial distribution of agro-input centers and their accessibility to farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyegbami A. , Omotayo A.M. , Apantaku S.O. , Adubi K.O. , Fabusoro E.
Published: August 2020

socio-economic characteristics of respondents were described using frequency counts and percentages. Inferential statistics such as chi-square was used to test the hypotheses. Geographic Information System (GIS) software (ArcView 9.3) was used to map locations and analyse distances and multiple buffers were developed around input centers to determine farmers' accessibility. Results from the study show that inputs like fertilizer (65%), agro-chemicals (94.38%), and planting materials like seeds and stems (90.63%) were majorly procured from private input centers. Majority (74.37%) of the farmers interviewed travel more than 15 km to procure input from government established input centers. Chi-square results showed significant relationship between sex (χ2=29.51, P=0.05), marital status (χ2=10.97, P=0.00), income (χ2=32.55, P=0.00) and farm size (χ2=14.73, P=0.00). Improvement in agricultural output will depend to some extent on farmers’ access to agro-input centers. The government should establish agro-input input centers closer to farmers and make inputs available at subsidized rates; this will make them affordable to farmers and increase agricultural production.
An Analysis of Aluminium Oxide and Silicon Dioxide as a Dielectric on Nano Structured Bottom Gate Bottom Contact Organic Thin Film Transistor Based Sensor
Authors: Subhadra Rajpoot
Published: August 2020

A Nano-structuredflexible bottom gate bottom contact (BGBC) organic thin film transistor based
pentacenesensor was utilisedto compare between the two frequently used dielectric material
i.ealuminiumoxide (Al2O3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). The organic sensor served as an excellent gas
sensor which was visualised through the simulation result in the form of variation between itsmax. and
min. drain current and Ion /Ioffratio. The Ion / Ioffratio in the case ofaluminiumoxidewas found to be
greater as compared to silicon dioxide whereas the minimum drain current was greater in the case of
silicon dioxide and vice versa for the maximum drain current. On comparing the sensitivity of the device,
which is the ratio of difference between min. drain current in the presence of any toxic gas and min. drain
current in the absence of air to the min. drain current in the absence of air with respect tothe twodifferent
electrodes wasfound to be 0.0314 for aluminiumoxide and 0.02964 for silicon dioxide. Hence,
aluminiumoxide taking upper hand in sensitivity
El neuroaprendizaje y la educación financiera dirigida a adultos
Authors: Aceituno Noriega Dayana Arlett
Published: August 2020

Todos los días, sin importar el ingreso o nivel educativo de las personas, estamos expuestos a tomar decisiones que tendrán un impacto en el bienestar financiero personal,  familiar y, de manera agregada, de las naciones. La toma de decisiones relacionadas con el dinero, se puede evidenciar en los hábitos, tales como la propensión al ahorro, al consumo y al endeudamiento. Sin embargo, comprender y modificar el comportamiento financiero no es tarea fácil, ya que en este proceso inciden aspectos como el conocimiento, los valores y las creencias de cada persona. Para apoyar esta tarea, se puede hacer uso de la neurociencia, la cual ha ampliado su aplicación a campos tan diversos como la economía (neuroeconomía), el mercadeo (neuromarketing), la administración (neuromanagement) y el aprendizaje (neuroaprendizaje).
PREVALENCE OF HAMSTRING AND ILIOTIBIAL BAND TIGHTNESS IN NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN PATIENTS
Authors: Deshmukh Aishwarya , Nagargoje Archana , Diwate Abhijit
Published: August 2020

Background- An observational study was conducted on 60 college going students experiencing nonspecific low back pain of mild to moderate range[ on VAS 2-5].  METHOD- Assessment of hamstring and IT band tightness was done by using 90-90 hamstring test and Ober’s test respectively. Participant were checked for tightness and marked whether tightness present or not RESULT- Analysis of outcomes was done by the mean and standard deviation. The result showed that, 58.33% male and 95.85% has female has hamstring muscle tightness.  16.66% Male and 22.91% female has of IT band tightness. 85% population [both male and female] shows of hamstring muscle tightness. While 85 % of male and females both shows hamstring muscle tightness. 21.66% populations [ both M and F] shows of IT band tightness. Conclusion- Study shows the prevalence of hamstring and IT band tightness is present in nonspecific low back pain.  In participant hamstring muscle tightness is more profound (85%) than IT band tightness (21.66%).
Students’ Perspective toward National Examination in Indonesia
Authors: Ratnasari Weni
Published: August 2020

National exam is one of big issues in Indonesian Educational system. Major controversies occur in implementing the national examination. As a state mandatory exam that every student has to participate, it determines whether a student deserves to graduate or must stay. The policy makers believe if such condition is applied, teachers will be pushed to teach better and students will be motivated to learn more. However, some research revealed negative impacts along the release of such policy. It sparks negative impacts that policy makers should be aware. This article discusses students’ perspective regarding the benefits and drawbacks of National exam, and solution for better implementation of National Examination in Indonesia.
“Brainstorming”: Extracellular Vesicles in Physical Activity and Neuronal Health
Authors: Brahmer Alexandra , Krämer-Albers Eva-Maria
Published: August 2020

Physical and mental activity are known to contribute to brain health and overall longevity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted attention for their ability to transport bioactive cargo through various body-fluids and their role in tissue crosstalk and regeneration. Targeted intercellular communication processes, including those facilitated by EVs, are of vital importance for the complex architecture and function of the brain. Activated neurons trigger the transfer of EVs from myelinating oligodendrocytes to neurons, promoting neuronal long-term maintenance and survival. Likewise, physical activity leads to the liberation of EVs into the circulation, while the molecular link between physical activity and neural performance is not yet fully understood. Interestingly, there are indications that EVs might be able to overcome the blood-brain-barrier and affect neuronal cells. Here, we discuss the ability of EVs to “storm the brain” in response to neural and physical activity in benefit of well-being and sustained brain health.
Keywords: oligodendrocytes, neuron-glia interaction, extracellular vesicles, physical exercise, neuronal maintenance, neuroprotection
25 ÉV A GEROEDUKÁCIÓBAN
Authors: Boga Bálint
Published: August 2020

Több mint 50 éve kezdtem orvosi hivatásom gyakorlását. Az orvos a teljes értékűgyógyításban az emberrel, mint bio-pszicho-szociális egységgel kell foglalkozzék, azazholisztikus szemlélettel kell megközelítse az egészséggel kapcsolatos problémákat.Tevékenységem mindennapi gyakorlata rávezetett erre – a ma már sokat hangoztatott, de avalóságban kevéssé megnyilvánuló – mentalitásra. 35 éve, amikor egy főleg időseket ellátókórházi osztály vezetője lettem, egyértelművé vált számomra, hogy ez a szemlélet különösenérvényes az idős korosztály kezelése során. Az is evidenssé vált, hogy nem a már amegbetegedett, elaggott idősnél kell kezdeni az odafordulást, hanem amikor még fiatalabb,egészségesebb és még tud tenni azért, hogy teljesebb életet éljen, gondoljon a későbbi testi,lelki bajok megelőzésére és így majd később és kevésbé elesett állapotban igényel komolyabbkezelést. Ebben a folyamatban kiemelkedő szerepe van az ismeretek bővítésének, szorosabb(egészségügyi, idősödési tanácsadás), és tágabb értelemben (aktivitást találni időskorban)egyaránt
DEMOKRATIKUS ÉRTÉKEK – DISZKRIMINATÍV GYAKORLATOK, TEKINTETTEL AZ IDŐSKORÚAK STÁTUSÁRA
Authors: Hell Judit
Published: August 2020

A gerontológiai tudományok művelése Magyarországon rövid múltra tekint vissza. Talánezért sokan és tévesen a gerontológia jelentését leszűkítik annak biológiai- orvosi típusára.Amellett érvelünk, hogy a humán- és társadalomtudományi gerontológiának is létjogosultságavan. Megmutatjuk, hogy az ember, az idős ember léthelyzetével kapcsolatban a filozófia és azetika milyen sajátos területen vizsgálódik, miben jelölhető meg missziója: elemezzük anyugati filozófiai gondolkodás történetét, azt, hogy mely nagy erkölcsi eszméket, értékeketmunkált ki több ezer év alatt. Ezek az ideák a modern demokratikus társadalmak elvi alapjátképezik. Ilyenek: szabadság, egyenlőség, igazságosság, testvériség, emberi méltóság, emberijogok. A gyakorlatban ezek gyakran sérülnek. Pl. az időseket életkoruk miatt diszkriminálják.Ezzel sérül az egyenlőség és az igazságosság elve, sérül emberi méltóságuk. A gazdaság,politika, kultúra, oktatás, a nemzedékek közötti viszonyok terén hátrányos helyzetüknyilvánvaló. Az etika feladata a nyugati értékek mentén e gyakorlatok elvi kritikája, ezáltalhozzájárulás annak formálásához. A kontinens demográfiai krízisét az Európai Unió korszerűidősügyi politikai intézkedések, támogatások, projektek útján, a klasszikus nyugati értékekőrzése alapján kezeli.
Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Menjadi Objek Hak Angket Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 36/PUU-XV/2017 Dan Undang-Undang MD3)
Authors: Nurlette Paman
Published: August 2020

The style of building our constitutional legal system today is very varied, it has implications for the shifting functions and rights of the State organs including the State organs of the Republic of Indonesia House of Representatives. To understand the conception of the functions and rights of the organs of the Republic of Indonesia Representative Council (DPR RI), it is seen as two sides of a coin (two sides of one coin). The DPR RI's inquiry right is a supervision that must be carried out on policies implemented by the executive. The KPK is an organ that is within the executive family, because it carries out investigations, investigations and prosecutions of corruption cases, such as those carried out by the Prosecutors' Office and the Police. Thus if the KPK is referred to as part of the judiciary. The task of investigation, investigation and prosecution is the task of the executive, not the legislative and judiciary. In addition, the KPK has been an institution that uses the State budget, so it should be overseen by the DPR. if the DPR cannot exercise the right to question the KPK on the grounds of independence. The reason is, it is not right to refuse the right to question the KPK. With the decision of the Constitutional Court (MK) in the main essence of the decision which positions the KPK in institutions that are in the realm of power, the executive for carrying out the task of investigation, investigation and prosecution in corruption, which is actually the same as the authority of the police and prosecutors. The KPK is a state institution that is within the executive power cluster, so the KPK can be the object of using the DPR's questionnaire right as the people's representative who carries out the supervisory function. But the use of the questionnaire right by the DPR cannot be applied in the case that the KPK is carrying out its investigative, investigative and prosecution tasks. This means that the KPK cannot be carried out while the KPK is carrying out its duties.
Study of Software Quality Improvement through Reliability Metrics Models and Root Cause Analysis Program
Authors: Raees Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Software quality is the most crucial requirement of any organization to survive in the current market scenario. The improvement of quality in software products depends on number of factors such as its architecture, quality metrics, reliability models and root cause analysis for defect handling. This paper focuses on the use of different reliability metrics to improve the reliability in software systems. Paper also emphasizes that removing defects for once is not beneficial for quality improvement, rather using a quality improvement program such as root cause analysis to get to base of defects and decrease the chances of occurrence of same defects again and again. Paper shows that effective root cause analysis program improves the learning process in any organization and helps in development of standards. This article provides an overview of software reliability metrics and root cause analysis program for the improvement of total software quality
Imersão social e processos inovativos: estudo do Polo Calçadista de Nova Serrana – Minas Gerais
Authors: Da Silva Cássio Murilo , Valle Gláucia Maria Vasconcellos , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni de
Published: August 2020

Recorrendo à abordagem das redes sociais, o presente artigo analisa os processos inovativos em dois diferentes tipos de empresas (empresas de alto e baixo desempenho inovativo), localizadas no Território Produtivo de Nova Serrana (MG). Utilizou-se o estudo de casos múltiplos, envolvendo duas empresas de cada categoria. Buscou-se, primeiramente, aferir o nível de inovação em produtos e processos e, em seguida, mapear as redes sociais e empresariais das empresas. Os resultados mostram que as redes das empresas de alto desempenho são mais densas e melhor integradas, apresentando maior frequência de laços fortes, o que faz com que recursos e informações trafegadas sejam de natureza mais refinada, com propagação abrangente e dinâmica. Por outro lado, as redes das empresas de baixo desempenho são mais porosas, caracterizadas por maior presença de atores isolados, ausência de atores centrais, sendo as informações e recursos que fluem em seu interior de natureza mais local.
A ecoinovação percebida como diferencial competitivo em uma cooperativa agroindustrial do estado do Paraná
Authors: Catczu Thatiany Simone , Maçaneiro Marlete Beatriz , Kuhl Marcos Roberto
Published: August 2020

A ecoinovação é um termo ainda pouco conhecido no Brasil, mas que vem ganhando destaque. Ela resulta na redução dos impactos ambientais, sendo que os fatores contextuais internos e externos às organizações influenciam as estratégias de ecoinovação. Neste contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as percepções de valor estratégico da ecoinovação em uma Cooperativa Agroindustrial do estado do Paraná e a influência dos fatores contextuais na adoção dessas estratégias. Assim, utilizou-se a abordagem de pesquisa  qualitativa,  por  meio  da  estratégia  de  estudo  de  caso,  com  a  utilização  das  técnicas de entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas e observação. Como técnica de análise de dados foi utilizada a triangulação das fontes e análise de conteúdo. Dentre os principais resultados, este estudo evidenciou que as estratégias de ecoinovação da Cooperativa são direcionadas de acordo com cada área de negócio, sendo que todas estão voltadas para a redução dos custos e desperdícios no processo industrial.
Ser mulher importa? Determinantes, evidências e estimativas da participação feminina no mercado de trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Tedesco Ana Carolina Freitas , Souza Kênia Barreiro
Published: August 2020

A participação feminina na oferta de trabalho é mais instável que a masculina. As mulheres são mais afetadas em períodos de crise, pela maternidade, discriminação e têm menores chances de encontrar um emprego no setor formal. No presente trabalho foram utilizados os microdados da PNAD entre 2001 a 2015, em um modelo probit, para verificar como características individuais afetam a inserção no mercado de trabalho e como esses efeitos alteram-se ao longo do período analisado. Os resultados mostram que “ser mulher” reduz significativamente a participação da mulher no mercado de trabalho para todo o período analisado, e que essa redução é ainda maior para mulheres com filhos ou chefes de domicílio.
Human Factors in the Built Environment
Authors: Nussbaumer Linda L.
Published: August 2020

Winner of the ASID 2014 Joel Polsky Prize. Human Factors in the Built Environment is a comprehensive and up-to-date resource that integrates the relationship of the human body and space planning to the design process for designers involved with the physical planning and detailing of interiors. Key topics include proxemics, anthropometrics, ergonomics, sensory components, diversity, global concerns, health and safety, environmental considerations, special populations and universal (inclusive) design. The text broadly covers space planning applications and the relationship of human factors to the design process for commercial and residential spaces from programming to post-occupancy evaluation. Nussbaumer addresses barrier-free design for new construction and retrofitting issues, and various contract design types such as offices, hospitality, and healthcare design. A global approach throughout includes U.S. imperial and metric systems of measurement.
Soft Goods Guidebook for Interiors
Authors: Sickler Stephanie
Published: August 2020

A comprehensive guidebook to soft goods, from bedding to window treatments to accessories, it includes detailed information about industry standards, and the processes of selection, specification, and fabrication. Soft Goods Guidebook for Interiors provides students and practitioners the means to seamlessly incorporate soft goods into their designs, and communicate effectively with clients and industry workrooms.
Designing Sustainable Residential and Commercial Interiors
Authors: Tucker Lisa M.
Published: August 2020

Designing Sustainable Residential and Commercial Interiors: Applying Concepts and Practices is a core text for students and designers seeking to apply sustainability to all stages of the design process for commercial interiors. The book provides an overview of the types of commercial interior design projects emphasizing a three-pronged approach to sustainability: equity, economy and ecology.

Through inspirational case studies for a range of contract projects - such as office design, retail design, healthcare design, hospitality design, restaurant design and institutional design - readers will learn how to use a sustainable concept as the foundation for a well-designed, green project.