bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Four Stereoisomers of PDMP‐ Analogue, N‐(2‐Decylamino‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐phenylprop‐1‐yl)‐β‐ valienamine, and Related Compounds.
Authors: OGAWA S. , MITO T. , TAIJI E. , JIMBO M. , YAMAGISHI K. , INOKUCHI J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Chemotaxonomical Studies of Ferns. Part 91. Two New Acyl‐ Phloroglucinols from Dryopteris atrata.
Authors: FUCHINO H. , NAKAMURA H. , WADA H. , HAKAMATSUKA T. , TANAKA N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of an Enantiomeric Pair of FR900482. Part 1. Synthetic and End‐Game Strategies.
Authors: KATOH T. , ITOH E. , YOSHINO T. , TERASHIMA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Vancomycin CD and DE Ring Systems.
Authors: BOGER D. L. , BORZILLERI R. M. , NUKUI S. , BERESIS R. T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Syntheses of (‐)‐ and (+)‐Syringolide 1 and (‐)‐δ7‐ Syringolide 1.
Authors: ZENG C. , MIDLAND S. L. , KEEN N. T. , SIMS J. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Activated Carbon for the Recovery of Chromium from Industrial Wastewaters.
Authors: OUKI S. K. , NEUFELD R. D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorbate Interactions of CoAPO‐41 and CoAPSO‐41 Molecular Sieves.
Authors: PRAKASH A. M. , HARTMANN M. , KEVAN L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Zintl Compounds
Authors: KAUZLARICH S. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Fluctuations and Magnetic Excitations in the Spin‐Peierls System CuGeO3
Authors: REGNAULT L. P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn on S/Mo(110) Surfaces and MoSx Films: Metal‐Metal Interactions and the Behavior of HDS Catalysts
Authors: RODRIGUEZ J. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxoacidity Studies in Ionic Melts.
Authors: CHERGINETS V. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Multi‐Functional Bioactive Compounds
Authors: ISOBE M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Combinatorial Library Indexed by Molecular Tags
Authors: UOZUMI Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalized N‐Hydroxyamide‐Containing Heterocycles ‐ Synthesis, Reaction, and Metal‐Chelating Property
Authors: OHKANDA J. , KATOH A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Synthesis of Polycyclic Ethers and Related Heterocycles via the Intramolecular Reaction of Allylstannanes
Authors: KADOKA I. , YAMAMOTO Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Stille Reaction
Authors: FARINA V. , KRISHNAMURTHY V. , SCOTT W. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sugars are more than Sweeteners. Glycoscience: A New Era for Carbohydrates
Authors: FERRIER R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Site of Cleavage of Pyranoside Acetals. Endo‐ versus Exocyclic Cleavage: A Review of Some Pertinent Literature
Authors: LIRAS J. L. , ANSLYN E. V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: General Methods in Nucleoside Synthesis
Authors: CZOBOR F.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermophilic Glycosidases: A Tool for the Enzymic Synthesis of Glycosides
Authors: TRINCONE A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Five‐Membered Monoheterocyclic Compounds, Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids
Authors: LEWIS J. R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Design for the Antigene Method, Chemical Regulation of Genetic Expression Based on the Triplex Formation
Authors: SASAKI S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Preparation of Optically Active Carboxylic Acids and Their Applications
Authors: OZAKI E. , URAGAKI T. , SAKASHITA K. , SAKIMAE A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress of Solid Electrolytes and the Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: HONG Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures of New Ternary Rare Earth Silicides Sc3Pr2Si4, Sc1.26Pr3.74Si4 and Sc3.96Nd1.04Si4 with Ordered and Partially Ordered Rare Earth Sites.
Authors: KOTUR B. YA. , BANAKH O. E. , CERNY R. , PACHECO ESPEJEL J. V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Shape of Se‐Precipitates in a CdSxSe1‐x‐Doped Glass.
Authors: GORSKI N. , KALUS J. , KUNZE B. , BISCHOF T. , KIEFER W. , WIEDENMANN A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochromic Properties of Niobium Oxide Thin Films Prepared by DC Magnetron Sputtering.
Authors: YOSHIMURA K. , MIKI T. , TANEMURA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Giant Magnetostrictive Materials ‐ Fundamentals and Application
Authors: SEVERAL AUTHORS SEVERAL AUTHORS
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Improving Vapor Grown Carbon Fibres Strength by Addition of Acetylene to the Precursor Atmosphere.
Authors: MADRONERO A. , ARIZA E. , MARTINS M. , MESA G. , FROYEN L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Determination of α‐La6W2O15.
Authors: Chambrier M‐H. , Ibberson R. M. , Goutenoire F.
Published: August 2010

The structure of the high‐temperature form of the title compound is determined by powder X‐ray and neutron diffraction at 1000 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Germanates Incorporating Organic Amine Ligands: Solvothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Zn2Ge4O10 (NH2CH2CH2CH2NH2) and ZnGe2O5 (NH2CH2CH2NH2).
Authors: Wang Chih‐Min , Lin Chia‐Hui , Yang Ciao‐Wei , Lii Kwang‐Hwa
Published: August 2010

Colorless block crystals of compounds (III) are solvothermally prepared and their structures are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Four New Dysprosium and Neodymium Octamolybdate Hydrates: Assembly of RE2(Mo8O27) Sheets and Topotactic Transformations.
Authors: Kuang Xiaojun , Evans Ivana R.
Published: August 2010

(III) and (IV) crystallize in the space group P21 with Z = 2, and (VI) and (VII) in the space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 1 (powder XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthetic Strategy to Construct Three‐Dimensional 4f—5d Networks Using Neutral Two‐Dimensional Layers as Building Blocks.
Authors: Zhou Hu , Yuan Ai‐Hua , Qian Su‐Yan , Song You , Diao Guo‐Wang
Published: August 2010

Tb(H2O)4 (C4H4N2)0.5W(CN)8 is synthesized from mixtures of Tb(NO3)3 and (HNBu3)3[W(CN)8] and an excess of pyrazine (MeCN, 40 °C, 24 h, 56% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction‐Tolerant Oxygen‐Permeable Perovskite‐Type Oxide Sr0.7Ba0.3Fe0.9Mo0.1 O3‐δ.
Authors: Dong Xueliang , Jin Wanqin , Xu Nanping
Published: August 2010

The title compound, a new mixed ionic‐electronic conducting material, is synthesized by a combined EDTA—citrate complexing sol—gel process from Sr, Ba, and Fe nitrates, and MoO3 (calcination in air at 950 °C for 5—10 h, sintering at 1200 °C for 5—10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polycyclic Fused Heterocycles Based on 4,6‐Dinitro‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐indazole.
Authors: Bastrakov M. A. , Starosotnikov A. M. , Kachala V. V. , Glukhov I. V. , Shevelev S. A.
Published: August 2010

Tricyclic heteroaromatic systems of the triazole, imidazole, thiadiazole, pyrazine and furoxan series are synthesized using 4‐R‐6‐nitroindazoles (R: ‐NO2; ‐SO2‐Ph) as convenient synthons.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Reactive Dicationic Iridium(III) Catalyst for the Polarized Nazarov Cyclization Reaction.
Authors: Vaidya Tulaza , Atesin Abdurrahman C. , Herrick Ildiko R. , Frontier Alison J. , Eisenberg Richard
Published: August 2010

A new catalyst system consisting of an iridium complex and AgSbF6 exhibits high catalytic activity in Nazarov cyclization reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Selective Hydroiodation of Alkynes Using an Iodine—Hydrophosphine Binary System.
Authors: Kawaguchi Shin‐ichi , Ogawa Akiya
Published: August 2010

The iodides as important intermediates are formed as Markovnikov‐type adducts under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Preparation of Allenyl Tosylates and α‐Tosyloxy Ketones by Facile and Efficient Isomerization of CF3‐Containing Propargylic Tosylates.
Authors: Watanabe Yohsuke , Yamazaki Takashi
Published: August 2010

Depending on the reaction conditions, propargylic tosylates (I) are converted into allenyl tosylates (II) or ketones (III) and (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Phenols by Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids at Room Temperature in Water.
Authors: Xu Jimin , Wang Xinyan , Shao Changwei , Su Deyong , Cheng Guolin , Hu Yuefei
Published: August 2010

The method is compatible with various functionalities and affords the desired phenols in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of o‐(Diphenylphosphinoyloxy)anilines by the Rhodium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Nitroarenes and Diphenylphosphine Oxide.
Authors: Arisawa Mieko , Kuwajima Manabu , Yamaguchi Masahiko
Published: August 2010

The title reaction gives predominantly o‐substituted anilines via rearrangement and opens the access to ortho‐aminophenols.
ChemInform Abstract: A 4‐Hydroxypyrrolidine‐Catalyzed Mannich Reaction of Aldehydes: Control of anti‐Selectivity by Hydrogen Bonding Assisted by Broensted Acids.
Authors: Gomez‐Bengoa Enrique , Maestro Miguel , Mielgo Antonia , Otazo Itziar , Palomo Claudio , Velilla Irene
Published: August 2010

Highly enantioselective anti‐Mannich reaction of aldehydes with N‐sulfonyl imines is achieved by using a 4‐hydroxypyrrolidine‐based bifunctional catalyst in combination with an external Broensted acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Oxidation/Rearrangement of β‐Ketoesters to Tartronic Esters with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by Calcium Iodide under Visible Light Irradiation with Fluorescent Lamp.
Authors: Kanai Naohiko , Nakayama Hiroki , Tada Norihiro , Itoh Akichika
Published: August 2010

The reaction tolerates aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic ketoesters and can be easily scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Heck Reactions with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Odell Luke R. , Lindh Jonas , Gustafsson Tomas , Larhed Mats
Published: August 2010

Electron‐rich and electron‐poor olefins are applied in the reaction with the wide range of arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Isoindolin‐1‐ones via Lithiation and Substitution of N′‐Benzyl‐N,N‐dimethylureas.
Authors: Smith Keith , El‐Hiti Gamal A. , Hegazy Amany S.
Published: August 2010

Lithiation of ureas (I) and (VI) followed by quenching with various electrophiles, such as aldehydes (II), ketones (IV) and alkyl halides (VII) affords the corresponding 3‐substituted isoindolin‐1‐ones (III), (V), and (VIII), respectively, in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ag‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Substituted Tryptophans from Sulfonylindoles.
Authors: Zheng Bao‐Hui , Ding Chang‐Hua , Hou Xue‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin
Published: August 2010

The reaction proceeds with high anti‐selectivity affording a wide range of the enantioenriched adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Carvedilol, β‐Adrenergic Blocking Agent, via a Key 5‐Substituted‐2‐oxazolidinone Intermediate.
Authors: Madhusudhan G. , Kumar B. Anand , Chintamani U. S. , Rao M. Narasimha , Udaykiran D. , Suresh T. , Kumar V. Kiran , Mukkanti K.
Published: August 2010

A novel access to the 5‐substituted oxazolidinone (IV), key intermediate in carvedilol (V) synthesis, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles Using Molecular Iodine as Catalyst.
Authors: Ren Yi‐Ming , Cai Chun
Published: August 2010

Significant features of this iodine‐catalyzed three component condensation are operational simplicity, inexpensive reagents, high yields of products and the use of non‐toxic reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dialkyl‐5‐hydroxy‐2‐thioxoimidazolidin‐4‐ones (III)
Authors: Kuhn Norbert , Maichle‐Moessmer Caecilia , Steimann Manfred , Walker Isabel , Zeller Klaus‐Peter
Published: August 2010

synthesis, crystal structure and behavior in silylation reactions
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Imidazoles Using Zeolite‐Supported Reagents.
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Kathirvel A. , Lalitha A.
Published: August 2010

The simple procedure allows a one‐pot cyclocondensation of benzil (I) with aromatic aldehydes and anilines or ammonium acetate to give tetra‐ or trisubstituted imidazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparative Synthesis of 4,6‐Dinitroanthranil.
Authors: Mezhnev V. V. , Dutov M. D. , Shevelev S. A.
Published: August 2010

Starting from TNT, a novel access to 4,6‐dinitrobenzo[c]isoxazole (III) is developed and compared with other synthetic strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanone via (3,5)‐Oxonium—Ene Reaction.
Authors: Saha Pipas , Reddy U. C. , Bondalapati S. , Saikia Anil K.
Published: August 2010

Higher yields are obtained when aliphatic aldehydes are used compared with the aromatic ones [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Diaza‐bicyclo[2,2,2]octane as a Novel and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3,4,6‐Trisubstituted 2‐Pyridone Derivatives.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Tahershamsi Leili , Oskooie Hossein A. , Baghernejad Bita
Published: August 2010

DABCO is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of pyridone derivatives of type (III) or (V) from 1,3‐diketones and amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 6‐Arylpyrrolo[3,2‐d]pyrimidines from 6‐Arylethynyl‐5‐nitropyrimidines.
Authors: Cikotiene Inga , Pudziuvelyte Erika , Brukstus Algirdas
Published: August 2010

The synthesis of the biologically important heterocyclic system involves conjugative addition of diethylamine to ethynylpyrimidines (I) and subsequent reductive cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: H3PW12O40: An Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Selective Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐oxazines and 2‐Aryl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidines.
Authors: Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Eskandari Zohre
Published: August 2010

A novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis of the title oxazine (III) and pyrimidine derivatives (V) under thermal and irradiation microwave conditions is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Excavatoids G—K, New 8,17‐Epoxybriaranes from the Cultured Octocoral Briareum excavatum (Briareidae).
Authors: Sung Ping‐Jyun , Chen Bo‐Yuan , Chiang Michael Y. , Hou Chi‐Hung , Su Yin‐Di , Hwang Tsong‐Long , Chen Yung‐Husan , Chen Jih‐Jung
Published: August 2010

The isolation, structures, and cytotoxicities of 5 new diterpenoids (I)—(V) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of β‐D‐Arabinofuranose 1,2‐(Methyl)orthobenzoate Using Magnesium Bromide.
Authors: Podvalnyy N. M. , Zinin A. I. , Abronina P. I. , Torgov V. I. , Kononov L. O.
Published: August 2010

An alternative and particularly reproducible procedure for the synthesis of β‐D‐arabinofuranose 1,2,5‐orthobenzoate (II), used as versatile precursor of monosaccharide blocks in oligosaccharide syntheses, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Finding Nature′s Missing Ternary Oxide Compounds Using Machine Learning and Density Functional Theory.
Authors: Hautier Geoffroy , Fischer Christopher C. , Jain Anubhav , Mueller Tim , Ceder Gerbrand
Published: August 2010

Several hundred new ternary oxides are predicted using a machine learning approach to extract the chemical rules that govern structure selection from an experimental database of crystal structure information followed by testing likely compound forming compositions and candidate structures by ab initio DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acids as Versatile Catalysts for Enantioselective Transformations
Authors: Terada Masahiro
Published: August 2010

Review: about 300 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Preorganized, Macromolecular, Gene‐Delivery Systems
Authors: Ortiz Mellet Carmen , Benito Juan M. , Garcia Fernandez Jose M.
Published: August 2010

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Origin, Microbiology, Nutrition, and Pharmacology of D‐Amino Acids
Authors: Friedman Mendel
Published: August 2010

Review: 263 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermal Analysis — Techniques and Applications in the Pharmaceutical Sciences
Authors: Stodghill Steven P.
Published: August 2010

Review: 31 refs.
Impacts of roasting oily seeds and nuts on their extracted oils
Authors: Durmaz Gökhan , Gökmen Vural
Published: August 2010

During industrial processing of seeds and nuts to produce edible oils, roasting is often applied before oil extraction. Moreover, seeds and nuts are generally consumed as snack food after appropriate roasting. These processes affect both the seeds and their extracted oils in many ways. Beside changes in macronutrients such as protein denaturation/degradation, oil oxidation, sugar pyrolysis and Maillard reactions, minor constituents such as fatty acids, sterols, phenolic compounds and tocols are also affected by roasting. On the other hand, studies have shown that antioxidant capacity of the roasted seeds and oxidative stability of the extracted oil could be greater than that of the unroasted counterpart. These improvements are attributed to the formation of Maillard reaction products, inactivation of oil degrading enzymes and facilitation of phytochemical extraction as a result of roasting.
Modelling the Forming Limit during Cross‐Rolling of Seamless Pipes Using a Modified Continuum Damage Mechanics Approach
Authors: Pschera R. , Klarner J. , Sommitsch C.
Published: August 2010

For the production of seamless pipes it is necessary to pierce a round solid billet in the first forming operation. In the subsequent processing steps the hollow is elongated at the push bench and annealed. The seamless pipe gets its final dimension in the stretch reducing mill. For a realistic description of material failure during hot forming using Forge®2008, the validation of the finite element model was the first step in this study. Since the used damage variable is of dimensionless type, special focus was laid on the correct calculation of the deformation path during piercing. It could be shown that a correct calculation of the geometry and the resulting forces is possible using the developed model. After a summary of previous studies this work focuses on the piercing operation in order to picture a real piercing process using damage mechanics. A modified continuum damage mechanics approach is presented, which enables the reduction of the damage parameter at negative stress triaxialities. This is obvious since a decrease of pores and cavities at hot forming conditions and negative triaxialities, e.g. cogging, is generally observed.
DJ‐1, an oncogene and causative gene for familial Parkinson's disease, is essential for SV40 transformation in mouse fibroblasts through up‐regulation of c‐Myc
Authors: Kim Yun Chul , Kitaura Hirotake , Iguchi-Ariga Sanae M.M. , Ariga Hiroyoshi
Published: August 2010

MINT‐7988969: DJ‐1 (uniprotkb:Q99497) binds (MI:0407) to LT SV40 (uniprotkb:P03070) by pull down (MI:0096) MINT‐7988948: LT SV40 (uniprotkb:P03070) physically interacts (MI:0914) with DJ‐1 (uniprotkb:Q99LX0) and p53 (uniprotkb:P02340) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
Insights into the genomic features and evolutionary impact of the genes configuring duplicated pseudogenes in human
Authors: Sen Kamalika , Podder Soumita , Ghosh Tapash Chandra
Published: August 2010

Pseudogenes, regarded as ‘genomic fossils’, are DNA sequences resembling functional genes in perspective of sequence homology but completely non‐functional. In this study, we explored the unique characteristic features of human genes, configuring classical duplicated pseudogenes. We found that progenitors of duplicated pseudogenes are characterized by a high expressivity, and ability to encode hub‐proteins in association with a high evolutionary rate. Such unusual features are endorsed by longer protein length, elevated CpG content, and a high recombination rate. The non‐functionalization of their duplicated copies can be attributed to the overabundance of gene paralog number in concert with functional redundancy.
Ockhamism vs Molinism, round 2: a reply to Warfield
Authors: BYERLY T. RYAN
Published: August 2010

Ted Warfield has argued that if Ockhamism and Molinism offer different responses to the problems of foreknowledge and prophecy, it is the Molinist who is in trouble. I show here that this is not so – indeed, things may be quite the reverse.
Rowan Williams’s Political Theology: Multiculturalism and Interactive Pluralism
Authors: Chapman Mark D.
Published: August 2010

This essay discusses the political thought of Rowan Williams in the context of his leading influences and wider theology. It shows the continuity in his political writing from his early days as a radical to his frequent political speeches and lectures as Archbishop of Canterbury. The over-riding theme is that of ‘interactive pluralism’, which seeks to establish a form of politics with a very weak system of sovereignty. This influenced his 2008 lecture on ‘Civil and Religious Law in England: a Religious Perspective’, which suggested a limited role for parallel religious law codes alongside those of the state. Although this lecture was subject to much criticism, particularly in the popular press, it nevertheless displays a consistency with his strongly disestablishmentarian inclinations, which give a large amount of space to ‘first-level’ institutions in both decision-making and community formation. A healthy society is established through dispute and dialogue between such groups rather than strong centralized power.
The Contextual Endorsement of Sexblind Versus Sexaware Ideologies
Authors: Koenig Anne M. , Richeson Jennifer A.
Published: August 2010

The current research examines the extent to which individuals endorse “sexblind” versus “sexaware” ideologies. Analogous to colorblind and multicultural ideologies, sexblindness involves ignoring sex categorization when perceiving others, and sexawareness involves recognizing and celebrating sex differences. Results revealed that participants endorsed sexblindness more (and, thus, sexawareness less) in work than in social contexts. Further, sexblindness was correlated with an internal motivation to respond without sexism, suggesting people perceive sexblindness as a way to reduce sexism. Consistent with this view, the more participants endorsed sexblindness in social settings, the less benevolent sexism they harbored. The implications of sexaware and sexblind ideologies and the difference between these ideologies and colorblind and multicultural ideologies are discussed.
Moderate geomagnetic storm (21–22 January 2005) triggered by an outstanding coronal mass ejection viewed via energetic neutral atoms
Authors: McKenna‐Lawlor Susan , Li Lu , Dandouras Iannis , Brandt Pontus C. , Zheng Yihua , Barabash Stas , Bucik Radoslav , Kudela Karel , Balaz Jan , Strharsky Igor
Published: August 2010

An outstanding flare on 20 January 2005 was accompanied by a coronal mass ejection which arrived at the magnetopause at ∼1712 UT, 21 January, and produced a strong compression‐pressure pulse. Enhanced magnetospheric activity was stimulated. The associated development between <1800 UT and >02.19 UT on 21–22 January, 2005 of a ring current disturbance in energetic neutral atom (ENA) data, recorded aboard both the Double Star and the IMAGE (Imager for Magnetopause‐to‐Aurora Global Exploration) spacecraft, is described. A magnetic storm from ∼1712 UT, 21 January, reached minimum Dst = ∼−101 nT at ∼0600 UT, 22 January, and its recovery phase endured until 27 January. ENA data indicate that the ring current experienced a deep injection of H+ and O+ ions at ∼1830 UT when IMF Bz was oriented southward. At this time, the ring current was strongly asymmetric, although later it became more symmetric. Bz turned northward at 1946 UT. From ∼0224 to ∼0612 UT on 22 January, Bz fluctuated such that it intermittently pointed southward (±10 nT). The moderate but extended response of the geomagnetosphere to the strong pressure pulse is explained by a slow evolution in the orientation of Bz under conditions of enhanced plasma sheet density. Modeling of dynamical parameters that represent various current systems that contributed to Dst revealed their individual characteristics. The changing geomagnetic field was also modeled. Comparisons with ENA data show that early asymmetric enhancements recorded in hydrogen and oxygen were accompanied by intensified external current systems that produced a magnetic field related compression of the magnetosphere. The gradual reduction in ring current asymmetry was complemented by the largely symmetrical configuration displayed by the corresponding, still intensified, modeled magnetic field.
Thunderstorm neutrons in near space: Analyses and numerical simulation
Authors: Grigoriev A. V. , Grigoryan O. R. , Drozdov A. Y. , Malyshkin Y. M. , Popov Y. V. , Mareev E. A. , Iudin D. I.
Published: August 2010

In this paper we perform a theoretical analysis of the direct passage of neutrons in the atmosphere from an altitude of about 5 km up to several hundred kilometers. We consider that these neutrons are generated during thunderstorms in what favor there is some experimental evidence. Two main mechanisms of the neutrons generation in thunderstorms appeared in the literature: the nuclear synthesis directly in the lightning channel and the photonuclear synthesis owing to production of gamma‐rays by the runaway electrons. Both of them are discussed in the present work. For the qualitative analysis we considered the process of neutrons propagation in the atmosphere as consisting of three stages: initial neutron deceleration to thermal energies, then diffusion, and further free propagation. Absorption of neutrons was neglected. Also, in modeling the atmospheric matter only nitrogen and oxygen were considered as the main atmospheric components. With these conditions and taking into account the predicted parameters of the neutron generation source, it is shown that the estimated flux well corresponds to the known experimental results. On this basis the preferred mechanism of the neutron generation is indicated. For a more rigorous picture of the neutrons propagation, capable for description of the slowing down, thermalization, and diffusion processes, one has to perform a numerical calculation and for this we propose a computer simulation scheme based on the cellular automation method. The corresponding plain analysis of the neutrons passage confirms the estimation mentioned above. The proposed scheme can be used for modeling the real neutron source. On the basis of our results we discuss some characteristic features of the observed neutron fluxes. The obtained results are to be tested by the “Radioskaf” experiment based on the scientific device called “RAZREZ.” One of the experiment objectives is detection of neutrons with different energies at altitudes of 200–400 km aiming to reveal the nature and characteristics of the neutron radiation source.
Composite imaging of auroral forms and convective flows during a substorm cycle
Authors: Semeter J. , Butler T. W. , Zettergren M. , Heinselman C. J. , Nicolls M. J.
Published: August 2010

Measurements obtained with the electronically steerable Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR) and collocated all‐sky camera were used to construct composite images of ionospheric convective flows and auroral forms during a substorm cycle (onset 26 March 2008, 1146 UT). PFISR was configured to sample an array of 5 × 5 regularly spaced beams on a pulse‐by‐pulse basis, from which velocity vectors were computed via statistical inversion of groups of beams. Flow fields were resolved at 30 km spatial resolution at 2 min temporal resolution over a 100 × 100 km field and then geographically registered with all‐sky imagery recorded at 20 s cadence. An analysis of the composite images has revealed interesting contrasts between growth‐, expansion‐, and recovery‐phase auroras, for example, (1) anticorrelation of ion velocity (electric field) and luminosity (plasma density, hence, conductance) in both space and time during growth phase and expansion phase; (2) identical flow (magnitude and direction) inside and outside the aurora during recovery phase; (3) a large tangential flow component along auroral boundaries during both growth and recovery phase (consistent with electric field directed into the aurora), irrespective of the orientation of the arc boundary; and (4) large relative drift (∼2 km/s) between auroral forms and convective flow during recovery phase. These features are interpreted in the context of previous ground‐based and space‐borne observations. Future PFISR experiments are expected to enable flow field construction at 30 s cadence, which will resolve Alfvén transit time dynamics to putative substorm initiation regions and significantly clarify the observations presented herein.
On the effects of 3‐D mechanical heterogeneities at Campi Flegrei caldera, southern Italy
Authors: Manconi Andrea , Walter Thomas R. , Manzo Mariarosaria , Zeni Giovanni , Tizzani Pietro , Sansosti Eugenio , Lanari Riccardo
Published: August 2010

Campi Flegrei caldera, located near the highly populated city of Naples, southern Italy, is characterized by long‐term subsidence punctuated by fast uplift phases. Most of the interpretations of the ground deformation are still based on standard models that assume the lithosphere to behave as a homogeneous half‐space. However, several geophysical investigations show the presence of vertical and lateral heterogeneities, especially in the shallow subsurface, which might have an effect on the interpretation of the surface displacements. Our 3‐D finite element models, constrained by seismic tomography to take into account the realistic distribution of mechanical heterogeneities, demonstrate that at Campi Flegrei the assessment of the source location is independent of the consideration of 3‐D heterogeneities, while the evaluation of its strength is overestimated. Thus, we propose an approach that still allows use of standard homogeneous half‐space models but accounts for 3‐D heterogeneity effects. This procedure, applied to the deformation field revealed by Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) over the past 16 years, provides new insights for the understanding of the ground displacements observed at Campi Flegrei caldera. This work provides an approach for a quantitative evaluation of the effects of mechanical heterogeneities on surface deformation. Analogous procedures can be also applied in other volcanic areas where, similar to Campi Flegrei caldera, a priori information on the mechanical heterogeneities distribution is available.
Reconstruction of regional mean sea level anomalies from tide gauges using neural networks
Authors: Wenzel Manfred , Schröter Jens
Published: August 2010

The 20th century regional and global sea level variations are estimated based on long‐term tide gauge records. For this the neural network technique is utilized that connects the coastal sea level with the regional and global mean via a nonlinear empirical relationship. Two major difficulties are overcome this way: the vertical movement of tide gauges over time and the problem of what weighting function to choose for each individual tide gauge record. Neural networks are also used to fill data gaps in the tide gauge records, which is a prerequisite for our analysis technique. A suite of different gap‐filling strategies is tested which provides information about stability and variance of the results. The global mean sea level for the period January 1900 to December 2006 is estimated to rise at a rate of 1.56 ± 0.25 mm/yr which is reasonably consistent with earlier estimates, but we do not find significant acceleration. The regional mean sea level of the single ocean basins show mixed long‐term behavior. While most of the basins show a sea level rise of varying strength there is an indication for a mean sea level fall in the southern Indian Ocean. Also for the the tropical Indian and the South Atlantic no significant trend can be detected. Nevertheless, the South Atlantic as well as the tropical Atlantic are the only basins that show significant acceleration. On shorter timescales, but longer than the annual cycle, the basins sea level are dominated by oscillations with periods of about 50–75 years and of about 25 years. Consequently, we find high (lagged) correlations between the single basins.
Response of the eastern subtropical Atlantic SST to Saharan dust: A modeling and observational study
Authors: Martínez Avellaneda N. , Serra N. , Minnett P. J. , Stammer D.
Published: August 2010

Retrievals of aerosol optical depth (AOD) from MODIS, and of sea surface temperature (SST) from TMI are analyzed jointly with the output of a numerical model for the period 2000–2006 to determine the impact of Saharan dust on the eastern subtropical North Atlantic SST. Simultaneously with, or shortly after strong dust outbreaks, a decrease in SST of 0.2° to 0.4°C can be observed in the microwave SST data set, which is consistent with an independent estimate of SST decrease simulated here by a local mixed layer model. However, low wind conditions and a shallow mixed layer are required to reach this response, and it is therefore unlikely that a clear response of SST to dust lasting more than a few days can be seen in the microwave SST observations. An inspection of microwave SST observations suggests that about 30% of SST variance could be explained by dust‐induced cooling in our study region that is not represented in existing AVHRR SST fields nor represented in reanalysis centers‐provided surface heat fluxes. On longer time scales, a comparison between observed SST fields and simulated SST, using an eddy‐permitting model of the North Atlantic, suggests a cooling of about 0.5°C on the local SST on sub‐seasonal to interannual time scales which is significantly correlated and consistent with a dust‐induced cooling. However, while supportive of the hypothesis that Saharan dust lead to a reduction in SST, the eddy‐resolving model results are not by themselves conclusive. Moreover, the effects of dust‐induced cooling on simulations of the ocean circulation, on atmospheric forecasts and on climate simulations remains to be investigated in future studies.
Radiative effects of aerosols in sub‐Sahel Africa: Dust and biomass burning
Authors: Pinker R. T. , Liu H. , Osborne S. R. , Akoshile C.
Published: August 2010

Information on radiative fluxes that reach the ground is needed in numerous areas of climate research. On a global scale, such information is obtainable only from satellites. Top of the atmosphere satellite observations during clear and cloudy sky conditions have been found useful for inferring, among others, information on aerosol optical depth (AOD) and cloud optical depth (COD). These are important elements for estimating surface radiative fluxes. Satellite retrievals of AOD are based on the assumption that the aerosols are of a specific type. In certain climatic regions, dust aerosols and those from biomass burning are injected into the atmosphere simultaneously and are distributed distinctly in the vertical. In this study, it is demonstrated that in such scenarios inaccurate assumption on the vertical distribution of the aerosols can lead to errors in AOD estimates from satellites and, subsequently, in the inferred shortwave (SW) radiative fluxes that reach the surface. The magnitude of such errors can be as high as 80 W m−2. The frequency of these mixed situations has not as yet been documented, and it is possible that on global scale the impact is small. Using available records of observed SW radiative fluxes, their reduction (“dimming”) at numerous locations has been reported. Some relate this reduction to aerosol effects. The findings of this study have implications for the ability to assess such “dimming” from satellites in areas where the vertical structure of aerosol distribution needs to be accounted for.
Processes controlling lithium isotopic distribution in contact aureoles: A case study of the Florence County pegmatites, Wisconsin
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Ming , Rudnick Roberta L. , Hier‐Majumder Saswata , Sirbescu Mona‐Liza C.
Published: August 2010

Li isotopes may be useful tracers of fluid flow in a number of geological environments and case studies of contact aureoles have highlighted the very large Li isotopic fractionation that can be generated in these settings. However, the amount of isotopic fractionation and the distance that Li travels into the country rocks vary greatly from place to place. Seeking to identify the parameters that govern Li distribution in contact aureoles, we apply a combination of Li isotope analyses, 1‐D diffusion and 2‐D advection‐diffusion modeling to two country rock profiles adjacent to Li‐rich pegmatite dikes from the Florence County pegmatite field, Wisconsin. Although less than ∼3 m thick, the pegmatite sheets have a large impact on the Li budget of the country rocks (amphibolites and schists); Li is enriched in adjacent country rocks by up to a factor of 20 over more distant amphibolites and schists. Li from the pegmatite has traveled more than 50 m into the country rocks, and Li isotopes are systematically fractionated with distance from the contacts (with δ7Li varying from +6 at the contact to −7 at 30 m from the contact in one case). These observations are consistent with diffusive fractionation of Li through an advecting grain‐boundary fluid. Both one‐dimensional diffusion and two‐dimensional advection‐diffusion models fail to reproduce the exact Li distribution in the profiles, suggesting that fluid advection, coupled with heterogeneous permeability, plays an important role in determining the final Li distribution within the contact aureoles.
Solar forcing of the semi‐annual variation of length‐of‐day
Authors: Le Mouël Jean‐Louis , Blanter Elena , Shnirman Mikhail , Courtillot Vincent
Published: August 2010

We study the evolution of the amplitude A of the semi‐annual variation of the length‐of‐day (lod) from 1962 to 2009. We show that A is strongly modulated (up to 30%) by the 11‐yr cycle monitored by the sunspot number WN. A and WN are anticorrelated, WN leading A by 1‐yr. A is therefore directly correlated with galactic cosmic ray intensity. The main part of the semi‐annual variation in lod is due to the variation in mean zonal winds. We conclude that variations in mean zonal winds are modulated by the solar activity cycle through variations in irradiance, solar wind or cosmic ray intensity.