bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrasi Kurikulum Muhammadiyah Boarding School dan Implikasinya pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMA Muhammadiyah
Authors: Handayani Ilham Putri , Achadi Muh. Wasith
Published: June 2023

This study explores the integration model of the Muhammadiyah Boarding School (MBS) curriculum and its implications for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in Muhammadiyah High Schools. This research is qualitative, in which observation, interviews, and documentation were used to obtain the data collection method. The key informants for this study were the director, vice principal for curriculum, teachers, and students. The results of this study showed two things. First, the integration of the MBS curriculum at Muhammadiyah High Schools took the form of institutional integration between formal, informal, and non-formal education. Second, the implications of the integration of the MBS curriculum in learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI) were implemented in three aspects: aspects of lesson planning (classes, time, materials, and learning resources), aspects of learning implementation (accommodating four 21st century skills, religious insight, integral personality), and evaluation aspects that balance the assessment of the three domains (cognitive, psychomotor, affective).
Ngawonggo Entrepeneur Pedia (NEP): Upaya Pendampingan UMKM di Desa Ngawonggo, Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Rahmawati Zurriat Nyndia , Iftikad Ismi , Amanulloh MZ Muhammad , Wahyudi Farid , Fatimah Siti , Yusuf Bagas Wipranata
Published: June 2023

UMKM adalah salah satu penggerak perekonomian masyarakat, tidak terkecuali di Desa Ngawonggo, Kecamatan Tajinan, Kabupaten Malang. Desa Ngawonggo memiliki 15 UMKM unggulan yang meliputi tempat wisata, kuliner, kerajinan tangan, hingga teknologi. Dalam pengembangannya, beberapa UMKM telah dikelola secara professional, namun tidak sedikit yang masih mengandalkan cara-cara tradisional. NEP, atau kepanjangan dari Ngawonggo Entrepeneur Pedia, adalah salah satu upaya agar UMKM di Desa Ngawonggo memiliki wadah secara resmi, yang utamanya diperuntukkan bagi kepentingan pemasaran produk. Pendirian NEP dilakukan dengan melalui tahap wawancara dan observasi pada pimpinan dan tokoh desa, serta pelaku UMKM, yang diikuti dengan seminar dan pendampingan. Kegiatan ini menjadi salah satu inisiasi UNIRA Malang dalam mengembangkan potensi desa di sekitar Kabupaten Malang sehingga dapat menjadi lebih baik. Dari kegiatan ini dihasilkan pendirian NEP sebagai wadah UMKM yang telah menyelenggarakan beberapa kegiatan bagi masyarakat, antara lain: 1) pendampingan UMKM untuk pemasaran online, 2) seminar pemasaran, dan 3) launching galeri NEP.
Pembuatan Eco-Enzyme di Kelurahan Pondok Cabe Ilir, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan: Solusi Penanganan Sampah Organik pada Level Rumah Tangga
Authors: Utami Sri , Kusumaningrum Elizabeth Novi , Hewindati Yuni Tri , Kurniawati Heny , Zuhairi Fawzi Rahmadiyan , Prasetyo Budi
Published: June 2023

Produksi sampah rumah tangga terus mengalami peningkatan jumlah setiap tahunnya, dan sampah organik menempati proporsi terbesar dari total produksi sampah. Salah satu cara efektif dalam mengatasi permasalahan sampah rumah tangga yakni melalui pembuatan eco-enzyme. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mealukan pemberdayaan masyarakat di wilayah Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan Banten melalui praktik pelatihan pembuatan eco-enzyme. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi pembentukan struktur organisasi kelompok penggerak, pemberian penyuluhan tentang eco-enzyme, pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan eco-enzyme, monitoring pembuatan eco-enzyme, dan pendampingan panen eco-enzyme. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pemanfaatan sisa-sisa bahan sayuran dan buah-buahan yang sudah tidak dikonsumsi di lingkungan rumah tangganya untuk dijadikan eco-enzyme. Cairan ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembersih serba guna, pupuk, perbaikan kualitas udara, dan pemanfaatan lainnya di kehidupan sehari-hari.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Computational Thinking dalam Persiapan Tantangan Bebras 2022 Pada Siswa SD Kanaan Jakarta
Authors: Darwis Muhammad , Putri Wahyuningdiah Trisari Harsanti , Hendrowati Retno
Published: June 2023

Computational thinking merupakan suatu metode pemecahan masalah secara terstruktur dan sistematis yang menerapkan cara kerja sistem komputasi. Salah satu bentuk evaluasi pemahaman siswa terhadap metode tersebut adalah melalui tantangan bebras. Tantangan bebras adalah kompetisi yang diadakan oleh Bebras Indonesia dan berisi persoalan yang menuntut siswa untuk menyelesaikannya dengan menerapkan konsep informatika dan computational thinking. Universitas Paramadina merupakan salah satu biro yang berperan dalam menyiapkan peserta untuk mengikuti kompetisi tersebut. Biasanya, Universitas Paramadina akan memberikan pelatihan kepada calon peserta yang tergabung didalamnya mengenai konsep computational thinking dan melakukan simulasi pelaksanaan tantangan bebras. Salah satu fokus peserta pelatihan tersebut adalah siswa SD yang terdiri dari tingkat Sikecil atau kelas 1-3 dan Siaga atau kelas 4-6. Selain karena pesertanya cukup banyak, juga sangat penting untuk mengajarkan konsep computational thinking pada anak sejak dini. Pada pelaksanaan Tantangan Bebras 2022, Universitas Paramadina akan meningkatkan prestasi siswa yang tergabung dalam biro tersebut.
Sosialisasi Peran dan Aksi Muhammadiyah Disaster Management Center (MMDC) Pada Penanggulangan Bencana Hidrometeorologis di Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Rahmaniati Rita , Marlina Sari , Pratomo Guntur Satrio , Bulkani
Published: June 2023

Kelurahan Bereng Bengkel berpotensi  mengalami banjir yang cukup tinggi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dimaksudkan untuk: 1) mensosialisasikan keberadaan Tim MDMC Kalimantan Tengah, 2) memberikan pemahaman tentang Mitigasi bencana Hidrometeorologis, 3) membentuk Satgas MDMC di kelurahan Bereng Bengkel, dan  4) Memberikan aksi nyata MDMC berupa layanan pengobatan gratis bagi warga kelurahan Bereng Bengkel. Metode pelaksanaan melalui ceramah, diskusi, dan aksi. Sasaran peserta  adalah warga desa, perangkat desa, dan mahasiswa relawan UMPR. Total peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian adalah 50 peserta. Berdasarkan evaluasi, kegiatan  pengabdian ini  peserta telah memiliki pemahaman sangat baik, target terbentuknya satgas atau kader MDMC di Kelurahan Bereng Bengkel tercapai dan aksi nyata MDMC layanan kesehatan gratis terlaksana dengan sukses dan lancar. Pada dasarnya bimbingan MDMC kota Palangkaraya dan Lurah Bereng Bengkel diperlukan untuk menyusun program kerja dan  monitoring sehingga aksi MDMC di masyarakat  dapat di laksanakan secara berkelanjutan. Selain itu harapannya MDMC  lebih dikenal masyarakat luas. Fashtabiqul Khoirat.
Re-branding, Pendampingan Pendaftaran Merek dan Pengelolaan Sosial Media pada IKM Batik Keraton Pekalongan
Authors: Qisthani Nabila Noor , Hidayatuloh Syarif , Wahyudi Luqman , Arifin Miftahol
Published: June 2023

Batik sebagai karya adi luhung bangsa Indonesia dan diakui oleh UNESCO sebagai warisan budaya perlu terus dilestarikan. Salah satu wujudnya adalah melakukan rebranding dan promosi penjualan secara online untuk meningkatan penjualan batik. Salah satu industri batik yang memiliki permasalah dalam pemasaran produk adalah Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) Batik Keraton Pekalongan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan pemilik usaha, maka permasalahan yang ada adalah (1) susahnya menemukan merek dagang untuk dapat memasarkan produk secara lebih luas (2) belum memanfaatkan sosial media untuk menjual produk. Sehingga program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan (1) pembuatan Brand Guidline (2) Pendampingan Pendaftaran merek dagang dan (3) pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan dan pemanfaatan sosial media untuk menjual produk. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan adalah pendampingan pembuatan brand baru, pelatihan dan pendaftaran merek dagang. Program ini terbukti efektif dalam menyelesaikan persoalan yang dihadapi oleh mitra berdasarkan hasil kuisioner yang telah dibagikan ke mitra. Pendampingan lebih lanjut akan terus dilakukan khususnya terkait pendaftaran merek dagang hingga sertifikat merk dagang terbit.
Pemetaan Potensi dan Masalah Sarana Prasarana Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo dengan Memanfaatkan Aplikasi My Maps
Authors: Haidir Hala , Mamudi Frigia
Published: June 2023

Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo masuk dalam Sub PPK Ilir Barat I, fungsi utamanya adalah kawasan perdagangan jasa, perumahan, pendidikan dan pengembangan kota baru. Untuk menjadikan lingkungan nyaman aman berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas hidup salah satunya menciptakan sarana prasana yang layak dan memenuhi standar. Kegitan ini merupakan langkah awal dalam perencanaan untuk ketercapaian rencana fungsi kegiatan. Perkembangan teknologi digitalisasi mengalami kemajuan pesat. MyMaps merupakan aplikasi yang memberikan informasi terkait kondisi eksisting di lapangan, data di interpretasikan secara online melalui informasi spasial. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan update data gambar dan peta yang dispasialkan serta ditampilkan dalam bentuk pemetaan online yang dapat diakses dengan mudah. Metode yang digunakan: 1) pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. 2) koleksi data dan pengelolahan data, 3) input dan interpretasi data melalui aplikasi MyMaps. Hasil kegiatan berupa Peta online yang mampu menampung informasi berupa titik-titik potensi dan permasalahan sarana prasarana, serta penggunaan lahan yang ada di Kelurahan Lorok Pakjo. Terdapat keterangan berupa simbology dalam maps dan informasi tambahan di setiap titik sebaran potensi dan permasalahan sarana prasarana yang dilengkapi dengan gambar serta koordinat.
Sosialisasi Life Based Learning-STEM Berbasis Teknologi bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Suryaman  , Tjiptady Bella Cornelia , Iskandar Yusuf , Zaki Achmad
Published: June 2023

Perkembangan dalam bidang pendidikan sangat erat kaitannya dengan istilah inovasi. Inovasi dalam ranah pendidikan adalah sebuah kewajiban bagi semua pelaku pendidikan. Terlebih lagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang semakin tumbuh. Sehingga perlu adanya sosialisasi Life Based Learning-STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, dan Math) berbasis teknologi bagi guru Sekolah Dasar. Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini dilakukan di SD Pembangunan Jaya 2 Sidoarjo dengan melibatkan 12 orang guru sekolah dasar. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan menggunakan dua metode yaitu dengan memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan. Kegiatan Pengabdian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru SD Pembangunan Jaya 2 Sidoarjo dalam pembelajaran life based learning-STEM. kegiatan ini mendapat respon yang positif dari semua pihak sekolah. Guru-guru sangat mengharapkan agar kegiatan serupa dapat dilanjutkan secara berkala agar dapat mengatasi permasalahan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di sekolah dasar.
Pemanfaatan Virtual Laboratory dalam Pehamaman Fisika Siswa SMA Al Manar Azhari Depok
Authors: Prayogi Soni , Muhammad  , Abdillah Muhammad , Marzuki Marza Ikhsan , Wibowo Wahyu Kunto , Roffi Teuku Muhammad , Pramudito Wahyu Agung , Nugroho Herminarto , Pertiwi Nita Indriani , Nugroho Teguh Aryo
Published: June 2023

Pada artikel ini, kami melaporkan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh program studi teknik elektro universitas pertamina yang dilakukkan di SMA Al Manar Azhari. Pada realitanya teknologi informasi telah maju dengan sangat cepat dan memiliki dampak yang sangat besar. Dalam dunia pendidikan Indonesia, kedua teknologi ini masih belum sepenuhnya digunakan. Dengan bantuan laboratorium virtual, proses belajar mengajar dapat dilakukan di mana saja, kapan saja, dan menjadi lebih menarik dan partisipatif. Selain itu, waktu mengajar dapat dikurangi setengahnya sementara kualitas belajar dapat ditingkatkan. Pada pelaksanaan pengabdian ini kami menawarkan metode laboratorium virtual sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran fisika yang memiliki keunggulan lebih praktis dan biaya yang diperlukkan relatif lebih rendah. Materi yang di gunakkan dalam pelatihan ini meliputi Gerak pendulum, Rangkaian listrik DC, Gerak proyektil, dan Hamburan Rutherford. Hasil kami memperlihatkan bahwa antusias dan pemahaman peserta terhadap penggunaan laboratorium virtual PhET. Selanjutnya, hasil lain yang kami peroleh dari hasil kuisioner yang diisi oleh peserta terjadi peningkatan pembelajaran fisika dari pre-test 37 menjadi 80 saat dilaksanakkan post-test.
Properties of Jute Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites – A Review
Authors: B.Pradeepa  , M.Malathi  , A.V. Kiruthika
Published: June 2023

Jute fibres is of great interest to be used as reinforcement in thermoset or thermoplastic composites, in order to provide positive environmental benefits in-terms of degradability, abundance, low density, nominal cost and recyclable. During fabricating the composites, researchers facing complications such as high water absorbing (WA) character, poor incompatibility of fibre with resins, quality variations in fibres, low thermal stability, etc. Therefore, chemical treatments are considered and it will be the most effective way to enhance the interfacial bonding with matrix, improve mechanical strength and less WA as well. Many research works were carried out on the influence of chemical treatment on the properties of jute fibre and their composites. The investigated treatment methods and the impact of chemical treatment on the properties of jute fibre reinforced polymer composites are comprehensively presented in this review.
Is it possible to determine arrhythmogenic focus localization of ventricular ectopic complexes detected by ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring?
Authors: Tatarinova A. A. , Svalov D. V. , Lukianets K. Y.
Published: June 2023

Aim. To study the possibility of using algorithms (developed using resting ECG as a mapping tool) for localization arrhythmogenic focus of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) detected by ambulatory 12-lead ECG monitoring (AECGM) with the identification of predominant origins of VA.

Material and methods. The study included 54 patients aged 45 to 80 years with high frequency VA evaluated during AECGM: 29 —  with coronary artery disease (CAD), 25 — w ithout CAD, who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA). The study included patients with effective ablation based on AECGM performed 6 months after RFA. Verification localization of VA exit site was carried out during endocardial mapping and AECGM («Cardiotechnika-04, СT-07», «Incart»). The following algorithms were considered in the study: D. Kuchar; O. Segal; J. Miller; A. S. Revishvili, R. Y. Snegur (2006, 2007); A. B. Weinstein; M. V. Noskova. It was assessed the percentage of matches applying the comparative analysis of results of the invasive and non-invasive methods, and it was revealed the predominant localization of VA.

Results. The following algorithms had the highest percentage of matches: D. Kuchar in patients with CAD; A. S. Revishvili, R. Y. Snegur (2007) and M. V. Noskova in patients without CAD. The predominant origins of VA in patients without CAD were the left sinus of Valsalva, right ventricular outflow tract, and in patients with CAD — b asal inferior left ventricular wall, right ventricular outflow tract.

Conclusion. Algorithms for arrhythmogenic focus localization of VA, developed using resting ECG, can be used to determine the origin of VA detecting by 12-lead AECGM, taking into account patient’s medical history (CAD, myocardial infarction).
Coherence analysis in electroencephalography. Prospects and problems of using coherent analysis in EEG practice (lecture one)
Authors: Ivanov L. B.
Published: June 2023

In the lecture, the author analyzes in detail the legitimacy of using the coherence function to analyze the bioelectrical activity of the brain in practical electroencephalography from the standpoint of mathematical and clinical validity. The author touches upon the issues of the informational significance of EEG coherence indicators in the disclosure in the assessment of the functional state of the brain about the mental characteristics of a person. As an evidence base, the author demonstrates examples of the information content of EEG coherence analysis data in terms of predicting the outcome in patients in an unconscious state. The author describes the stages of the formation of intracerebral connections according to the data of coherent analysis of the EEG at the stages of age-related development on the model of infants of age, after term birth and in preterm infants with a favorable course of development, and also the formation of spatio- temporal relations of the EEG of premature infants with periventricular leukomalacia on the 1st — 2 nd years of life.
"They Are Taking Everything Away from Us": Land Dispossession and the Criminal Selectivity of Indigenous Communities versus International Agricultural and Extractive Firms in Argentina
Authors: Maas Sophia
Published: June 2023

This article examines how the Argentine state's inadequate mediation of the relationship between indigenous communities and international agricultural and extractive companies results in criminal selectivity in terms of territorial rights. This article focuses on the Mapuche community's struggle against the Italian Benetton Group in Patagonia to demonstrate that indigenous communities are over-criminalized and international companies are under-criminalized. Instead of utilizing a criminology perspective to explore how the criminal selectivity process is carried out, this article investigates the genesis of this dynamic from a historical perspective by employing Jacques Derrida's concept of hauntology. The sources of this research include journal articles, newspapers, and published reports. As the global discourse about indigenous territorial rights expands in the academic context, it is pertinent to acknowledge and address historic patterns of subjugation in order to effectively initiate transformative progress.
The impact of metabolism on the adaptation of organisms to environmental change
Authors: Rothman Douglas L. , Moore Peter B. , Shulman Robert G.
Published: June 2023

Since Jacob and Monod’s discovery of the lac operon ∼1960, the explanations offered for most metabolic adaptations have been genetic. The focus has been on the adaptive changes in gene expression that occur, which are often referred to as “metabolic reprogramming.” The contributions metabolism makes to adaptation have been largely ignored. Here we point out that metabolic adaptations, including the associated changes in gene expression, are highly dependent on the metabolic state of an organism prior to the environmental change to which it is adapting, and on the plasticity of that state. In support of this hypothesis, we examine the paradigmatic example of a genetically driven adaptation, the adaptation of E. coli to growth on lactose, and the paradigmatic example of a metabolic driven adaptation, the Crabtree effect in yeast. Using a framework based on metabolic control analysis, we have reevaluated what is known about both adaptations, and conclude that knowledge of the metabolic properties of these organisms prior to environmental change is critical for understanding not only how they survive long enough to adapt, but also how the ensuing changes in gene expression occur, and their phenotypes post-adaptation. It would be useful if future explanations for metabolic adaptations acknowledged the contributions made to them by metabolism, and described the complex interplay between metabolic systems and genetic systems that make these adaptations possible.
Machine learning identifies ferroptosis-related genes as potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteoarthritis
Authors: Qiu Yue , Yao Jun , Li Lin , Xiao Meimei , Meng Jinzhi , Huang Xing , Cai Yang , Wen Zhenpei , Huang Junpu , Zhu Miaomiao , Chen Siyuan , Long Xingqing , Li Jingqi
Published: June 2023

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of degenerative arthritis and a major cause of pain and disability. Ferroptosis, a novel mode of cell death, has been verified to participate in the development of OA, but its mechanism is still unclear. This paper analyzed the ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in OA and explored their potential clinical value.

Methods

We downloaded data through the GEO database and screened for DEGs. Subsequently, FRGs were obtained using two machine learning methods, LASSO regression and SVM-RFE. The accuracy of the FRGs as disease diagnosis was identified using ROC curves and externally validated. The CIBERSORT analyzed the immune microenvironment rug regulatory network constructed through the DGIdb. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) visualization network was constructed to search for possible therapeutic targets. The expression levels of FRGs were verified by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Results

In this study, we found 4 FRGs. The ROC curve showed that the combined 4 FRGs had the highest diagnostic value. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the 4 FRGs in OA could influence the development of OA through biological oxidative stress, immune response, and other processes. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry verified the expression of these key genes, further confirming our findings. Monocytes and macrophages are heavily infiltrated in OA tissues, and the persistent state of immune activation may promote the progression of OA. ETHINYL ESTRADIOL was a possible targeted therapeutic agent for OA. Meanwhile, ceRNA network analysis identified some lncRNAs that could regulate the FRGs.

Conclusion

We identify 4 FRGs (AQP8, BRD7, IFNA4, and ARHGEF26-AS1) closely associated with bio-oxidative stress and immune response, which may become early diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA.
Navigating the future: exploring technological advancements and emerging trends in the sustainable ornamental industry
Authors: Wani Muneeb Ahmad , Din Ambreena , Nazki Imtiyaz Tahir , Rehman Tanzeel U. , Al-Khayri Jameel M. , Jain Shri Mohan , Lone Raiz Ahmed , Bhat Zahoor Ahmad , Mushtaq Muntazir
Published: June 2023

Technological advances have played a critical role in the production of flower crops, enabling farmers to maximize yields and reduce losses while also improving the quality of flowers. These advances have included the development of new breeding techniques, such as molecular marker-assisted breeding, and the use of modern technologies like high-throughput phenotyping to identify and select superior cultivars. In addition, precision farming techniques, such as the use of sensors and remote monitoring systems, have made it possible to closely monitor crop growth and optimize inputs like water and fertilizer, leading to higher yields and improved resource efficiency. Advancements in biotechnology have also resulted in the development of transgenic plants that are resistant to pests and diseases, reducing the need for chemical pesticides and improving plant health. Modern molecular genetic tools, particularly genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 nucleases, are emerging in addition to conventional approaches of investigating these plants. Furthermore, the use of novel growing systems, such as hydroponics and vertical farming, has allowed for year-round flower production in controlled environments, mitigating the challenges associated with seasonal changes and climate variability. These innovations have also made it possible to produce high-quality flowers in urban areas, bringing fresh blooms closer to consumers. Overall, technological advances in flower crops have revolutionized the floriculture industry, enabling growers to produce high-quality flowers in a more sustainable and efficient manner. These advancements have not only improved the productivity and profitability of flower farming but have also contributed to the conservation of natural resources and the protection of the environment.
Variability of leaf traits in natural populations of Picea omorika determines ignitability of fresh foliage
Authors: Popović Zorica , Vidaković Vera , Janković Jovana
Published: June 2023

Introduction

A variety of plant traits, from architectural to the cellular level, have been connected to flammability, but intraspecific variability of plant traits (ITV) and components of flammability is poorly studied. The lack of knowledge about ITV of plant traits related to flammability appears to be a major shortcoming in further interpreting species flammability and fire behavior and incorporating the data into models.

Methods

Morpho-ecophysiological traits (width, length, thickness, weight, area, volume, moisture content, flatness, specific leaf area, density of leaf tissue, ratio of area to volume) and time-to-ignition of fresh foliage were measured in seven populations of Picea omorika.

Results

All leaf traits are presented along with their correlations to the flammability trait. The seven populations differed in terms of fresh leaves’ time-to-ignition. Differences among populations in morpho-ecophysiological traits were also significant but not consistent among populations. PCA classified 49 elements into three different groups, where three populations were clustered by higher leaf area-related traits, other three populations were clustered by higher leaf length, volume, thickness, time-to-ignition, density index, moisture content, width, weight, and one population was classified between the two main groups. The first two principal components accounted for 87% of the total variance: variability in leaf area- and leaf weight-derived parameters (specific leaf area and density index) and time-to-ignition primarily defined the formation of the first axis, while variability in leaf flatness (based on leaf weight and thickness) primarily contributed to the formation of the second axis.

Discussion

Results suggest high ITV in natural populations of P. omorika regardless of site fire history.
UBE2C expression is elevated in hepatoblastoma and correlates with inferior patient survival
Authors: Nousiainen Ruth , Eloranta Katja , Isoaho Noora , Cairo Stefano , Wilson David B. , Heikinheimo Markku , Pihlajoki Marjut
Published: June 2023

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant liver tumor among children. To gain insight into the pathobiology of HB, we performed RNA sequence analysis on 5 patient-derived xenograft lines (HB-243, HB-279, HB-282, HB-284, HB-295) and 1 immortalized cell line (HUH6). Using cultured hepatocytes as a control, we found 2,868 genes that were differentially expressed in all of the HB lines on mRNA level. The most upregulated genes were ODAM, TRIM71, and IGDCC3, and the most downregulated were SAA1, SAA2, and NNMT. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified ubiquitination as a key pathway dysregulated in HB. UBE2C, encoding an E2 ubiquitin ligase often overexpressed in cancer cells, was markedly upregulated in 5 of the 6 HB cell lines. Validation studies confirmed UBE2C immunostaining in 20 of 25 HB tumor specimens versus 1 of 6 normal liver samples. The silencing of UBE2C in two HB cell models resulted in decreased cell viability. RNA sequencing analysis showed alterations in cell cycle regulation after UBE2C knockdown. UBE2C expression in HB correlated with inferior patient survival. We conclude that UBE2C may hold prognostic utility in HB and that the ubiquitin pathway is a potential therapeutic target in this tumor.
Phenylalanine promotes alveolar macrophage pyroptosis via the activation of CaSR in ARDS
Authors: Tang Yiding , Yu Yue , Li Ranran , Tao Zheying , Zhang Li , Wang Xiaoli , Qi Xiaoling , Li Yinjiaozhi , Meng Tianjiao , Qu Hongping , Zhou Mi , Xu Jing , Liu Jialin
Published: June 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high mortality rates in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) patients with overwhelming inflammation considered to be an internal cause. The authors’ previous study indicated a potential correlation between phenylalanine levels and lung injury. Phenylalanine induces inflammation by enhancing the innate immune response and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) can respond to stimuli via synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators through pyroptosis, one form of programmed cell death acting through the nucleotide-binging oligomerization domain-like receptors protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway, resulting in the cleavage of caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the release of interleukin (IL) -1β and IL-18, aggravating lung inflammation and injury in ARDS. In this study, phenylalanine promoted pyroptosis of AMs, which exacerbated lung inflammation and ARDS lethality in mice. Furthermore, phenylalanine initiated the NLRP3 pathway by activating the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). These findings uncovered a critical mechanism of action of phenylalanine in the context of ARDS and may be a new treatment target for ARDS.
T-helper cells and their cytokines in pathogenesis and treatment of asthma
Authors: Ji Tingfen , Li Hequan
Published: June 2023

Prosperous advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma have been made over the past several decades. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by reversible airway obstruction that is self-resolving or remits with treatment. Around half of asthma patients are “Type-2-high” asthma with overexpression of type 2 inflammatory pathways and elevated type 2 cytokines. When stimulated by allergens, airway epithelial cells secrete IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP to derive a Th2 immune response. First ILC2 followed by Th2 cells produces a series of cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. TFH cells control IgE synthesis by secreting IL-4 to allergen-specific B cells. IL-5 promotes eosinophil inflammation, while IL-13 and IL-4 are involved in goblet cell metaplasia and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Currently, “Type-2 low” asthma is defined as asthma with low levels of T2 biomarkers due to the lack of reliable biomarkers, which is associated with other Th cells. Th1 and Th17 are capable of producing cytokines that recruit neutrophils, such as IFN-γ and IL-17, to participate in the development of “Type-2-low” asthma. Precision medicine targeting Th cells and related cytokines is essential in the management of asthma aiming at the more appropriate patient selection and better treatment response. In this review, we sort out the pathogenesis of Th cells in asthma and summarize the therapeutic approaches involved as well as potential research directions.
CXCL8 and the peritoneal metastasis of ovarian and gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Xuanrong , Wang Qimeng , Du Hang , Hao Huifang
Published: June 2023

CXCL8 is the most representative chemokine produced autocrine or paracrine by tumor cells, endothelial cells and lymphocytes. It can play a key role in normal tissues and tumors by activating PI3K-Akt, PLC, JAK-STAT, and other signaling pathways after combining with CXCR1/2. The incidence of peritoneal metastasis in ovarian and gastric cancer is extremely high. The structure of the peritoneum and various peritoneal-related cells supports the peritoneal metastasis of cancers, which readily produces a poor prognosis, low 5-year survival rate, and the death of patients. Studies show that CXCL8 is excessively secreted in a variety of cancers. Thus, this paper will further elaborate on the mechanism of CXCL8 and the peritoneal metastasis of ovarian and gastric cancer to provide a theoretical basis for the proposal of new methods for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer peritoneal metastasis.
Combined novel homozygous variants in both SGPL1 and STAT1 presenting with severe combined immune deficiency: case report and literature review
Authors: Roa-Bautista Adriel , Sohail Mahreen , Wakeling Emma , Gilmour Kimberly C. , Davis Mark , Gait Anthony , Lucchini Giovanna , Cox David , Elfeky Reem , Kusters Maaike
Published: June 2023

Background

Sphingosine phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) is associated with biallelic variants in SGPL1, comprising a multisystemic disease characterized by steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, primary adrenal insufficiency, neurological problems, skin abnormalities and immunodeficiency in described cases. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) plays an important role in orchestrating an appropriate immune response through JAK-STAT pathway. Biallelic STAT1 loss of function (LOF) variants lead to STAT1 deficiency with a severe phenotype of immunodeficiency with increased frequency of infections and poor outcome if untreated.

Case presentation

We report novel homozygous SGPL1 and STAT1 variants in a newborn of Gambian ethnicity with clinical features of SPLIS and severe combined immunodeficiency. The patient presented early in life with nephrotic syndrome, severe respiratory infection requiring ventilation, ichthyosis, and hearing loss, with T-cell lymphopenia. The combination of these two conditions led to severe combined immunodeficiency with inability to clear respiratory tract infections of viral, fungal, and bacterial nature, as well as severe nephrotic syndrome. The child sadly died at 6 weeks of age despite targeted treatments.

Conclusion

We report the finding of two novel, homozygous variants in SGPL1 and STAT1 in a patient with a severe clinical phenotype and fatal outcome early in life. This case highlights the importance of completing the primary immunodeficiency genetic panel in full to avoid missing a second diagnosis in other patients presenting with similar severe clinical phenotype early in life. For SPLIS no curative treatment is available and more research is needed to investigate different treatment modalities. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) shows promising results in patients with autosomal recessive STAT1 deficiency. For this patient’s family, identification of the dual diagnosis has important implications for future family planning. In addition, future siblings with the familial STAT1 variant can be offered curative treatment with HSCT.
Glycolytic enzyme HK2 promotes PD-L1 expression and breast cancer cell immune evasion
Authors: Lin Jichun , Fang Wenshuo , Xiang Zhuo , Wang Qingqing , Cheng Huapeng , Chen Shimin , Fang Jing , Liu Jia , Wang Qiang , Lu Zhimin , Ma Leina
Published: June 2023

Immune therapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been employed in the treatment of breast cancer, which requires aerobic glycolysis to sustain breast cancer cells growth. However, whether PD-L1 expression is regulated by glycolysis in breast cancer cells remains to be further elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) plays a crucial role in upregulating PD-L1 expression. Under high glucose conditions, HK2 acts as a protein kinase and phosphorylates IκBα at T291 in breast cancer cells, leading to the rapid degradation of IκBα and activation of NF-κB, which enters the nucleus and promotes PD-L1 expression. Immunohistochemistry staining of human breast cancer specimens and bioinformatics analyses reveals a positive correlation between HK2 and PD-L1 expression levels, which are inversely correlated with immune cell infiltration and survival time of breast cancer patients. These findings uncover the intrinsic and instrumental connection between aerobic glycolysis and PD-L1 expression-mediated tumor cell immune evasion and underscore the potential to target the protein kinase activity of HK2 for breast cancer treatment.
IgYs: on her majesty’s secret service
Authors: Grzywa Renata , Łupicka-Słowik Agnieszka , Sieńczyk Marcin
Published: June 2023

There has been an increasing interest in using Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies as an alternative to “classical” antimicrobials. Unlike traditional antibiotics, they can be utilized on a continual basis without leading to the development of resistance. The veterinary IgY antibody market is growing because of the demand for minimal antibiotic use in animal production. IgY antibodies are not as strong as antibiotics for treating infections, but they work well as preventative agents and are natural, nontoxic, and easy to produce. They can be administered orally and are well tolerated, even by young animals. Unlike antibiotics, oral IgY supplements support the microbiome that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health, including immune system function. IgY formulations can be delivered as egg yolk powder and do not require extensive purification. Lipids in IgY supplements improve antibody stability in the digestive tract. Given this, using IgY antibodies as an alternative to antimicrobials has garnered interest. In this review, we will examine their antibacterial potential.
PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Yinan , Jin Xueying , Zhu Xiaoling , Xu Yan , Si Wei , Zhao Jianguo
Published: June 2023

Background

PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been controversial in the treatment of metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC). We collected randomized controlled trials in accordance with the study and carried out meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in mTNBC.

Aim

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs (hereinafter referred to as ICIs) in the treatment of mTNBC.

Methods

As of 2023.2.5, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library database and Web of Science were searched to determine the study in accordance with the trial of ICIs in the treatment of mTNBC. The assessment endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Meta-analysis of the included studies was performed using Revman 5.4.

Results

A total of six trials with 3172 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The ORR of ICIs combined with chemotherapy was significantly improved compared with chemotherapy (HR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.81-0.94, I2 = 0%). For PFS, the experimental group were better than the control group in both intention-to-treat (ITT) population and PD-L1 positive population, showing statistical significance (ITT: HR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.74-0.89, P<0.05, I2 = 0%; PD-L1 positive: HR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.63-0.82, P<0.05, I2 = 18%); For OS, in the ITT population, no statistical difference was observed in either ICIs combined with chemotherapy(HR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.83-1.02, P=0.10)or immune monotherapy(HR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.44-1.36, P=0.37), in the PD-L1 positive population, ICIs group had better OS than chemotherapy group (HR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.74-0.93, P < 0.05); In safety, serious adverse event (SAE) was no statistically significant difference between the ICIs group and the chemotherapy group; however, the incidence of immune-related adverse event (irAE) was significantly higher in the ICIs group than in the chemotherapy group (HR=2.15, 95%CI: 1.45-3.19, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

ICIs combined with chemotherapy significantly improved the PFS of mTNBC, however, ICIs only improved the OS in PD-L1 positive people, and no statistical difference was observed in ITT population; while benefiting from ICIs, we found that irAE in ICIs group increased significantly, and its high rate of adverse events still needs to be taken seriously.
Response of cetaceans to fluctuations of pelagic fish stocks and environmental conditions within the Celtic Sea ecosystem
Authors: Fariñas-Bermejo Andrea , Berrow Simon , Gras Michaël , O’Donnell Ciaran , Valavanis Vasilis , Wall Dave , Pierce Graham J.
Published: June 2023

Inshore waters off the south coast of Ireland are an important foraging area for a range of cetacean species. Some of the main prey species of these cetaceans are herring and sprat, two economically valuable fish species in the region. The Celtic Sea herring stock suffered a marked decline in 2013. The present study aimed to investigate potential changes in the ecosystem associated to the herring decline and to determine the potential impacts on predators. Here we analyzed sightings information of common dolphins, fin, minke, humpback and unidentified whale species, acoustic data of herring and sprat, and a range of environmental variables mainly derived from satellites. Firstly, we characterized spatio-temporal patterns in the relative abundance of predator and prey species, and environmental variables, and compared periods before and since the herring decline. Since the 2013 herring decline, (i) the herring stock has mainly concentrated in south-eastern coastal waters and southern offshore Irish waters, (ii) sprat density has increased, (iii) chlorophyll concentration has decreased, (iv) sea surface temperature has risen, and (v) the euphotic layer has extended deeper. Secondly, we modelled the effects of prey density and environmental conditions on the relative abundance and distribution of cetaceans, as well as the effects of environmental conditions on prey density, between 2005-2018 by applying Hurdle Generalized Additive Models. The models for herring and sprat support the idea that these species have different environmental relationships, for example herring tended to be found in shallower waters than was the case for sprat. The presence and relative abundance of common dolphins were significantly affected by both environmental conditions and herring density, whereas whale species presence and relative abundance were found to be correlated with sea surface temperature and prey density. The model results suggest differences in prey choice among whale species. Understanding the dynamic relationships between predators, prey and the environment is important to inform an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management.
The diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of Cathaya argyrophylla are affected by soil physicochemical properties
Authors: Xie Peng , Huang Kerui , Deng Aihua , Mo Ping , Xiao Fen , Wu Fei , Xiao Dewei , Wang Yun
Published: June 2023

Cathaya argyrophylla is an ancient Pinaceae species endemic to China that is listed on the IUCN Red List. Although C. argyrophylla is an ectomycorrhizal plant, the relationship between its rhizospheric soil microbial community and soil properties related to the natural habitat remains unknown. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS region sequences was used to survey the C. argyrophylla soil community at four natural spatially distributed points in Hunan Province, China, and functional profiles were predicted using PICRUSt2 and FUNGuild. The dominant bacterial phyla included Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, and the dominant genus was Acidothermus. The dominant fungal phyla were Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, while Russula was the dominant genus. Soil properties were the main factors leading to changes in rhizosphere soil bacterial and fungal communities, with nitrogen being the main driver of changes in soil microbial communities. The metabolic capacities of the microbial communities were predicted to identify differences in their functional profiles, including amino acid transport and metabolism, energy production and conversion, and the presence of fungi, including saprotrophs and symbiotrophs. These findings illuminate the soil microbial ecology of C. argyrophylla, and provide a scientific basis for screening rhizosphere microorganisms that are suitable for vegetation restoration and reconstruction for this important threatened species.
Inhibition of tick-borne encephalitis virus in cell cultures by ribavirin
Authors: Tang Wan-Da , Tang Hai-Lin , Peng Hao-Ran , Ren Rui-Wen , Zhao Ping , Zhao Lan-Juan
Published: June 2023

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) belonging to arboviruses is a major member of zoonotic pathogens. TBEV infection causes severe human encephalitis without specific antiviral drugs. Due to its use of antiviral drug against a wide range of viruses, we investigated antiviral effect of ribavirin against TBEV in susceptible human cell lines A549 and SH-SY5Y. Ribavirin displayed minor cytotoxicity on multiple cell lines. Ribavirin obviously impaired TBEV replication and protected the infected cells from cytopathic effect. Importantly, ribavirin markedly inhibited TBEV propagation, as evidenced by impairment of TBEV production and viral RNA replication. Treatment with ribavirin (co-treatment and post-treatment) led to a dose-dependent reduction in TBEV titers as well as the viral RNA levels. Antiviral protein myxovirus resistance A mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 was activated in TBEV-infected A549 cells upon the ribavirin treatment. Induction of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha by TBEV was decreased in A549 cells with the treatment of ribavirin, whereas interleukin 1 beta release appeared to be unaffected. These results suggest that ribavirin might represent a promising safe and effective antiviral drug against TBEV.
Development and application of oncolytic viruses as the nemesis of tumor cells
Authors: Zhu Xiao , Fan Chenyang , Xiong Zhuolong , Chen Mingwei , Li Zesong , Tao Tao , Liu Xiuqing
Published: June 2023

Viruses and tumors are two pathologies that negatively impact human health, but what occurs when a virus encounters a tumor? A global consensus among cancer patients suggests that surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and other methods are the primary means to combat cancer. However, with the innovation and development of biomedical technology, tumor biotherapy (immunotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, gene therapy, oncolytic virus therapy, etc.) has emerged as an alternative treatment for malignant tumors. Oncolytic viruses possess numerous anti-tumor properties, such as directly lysing tumor cells, activating anti-tumor immune responses, and improving the tumor microenvironment. Compared to traditional immunotherapy, oncolytic virus therapy offers advantages including high killing efficiency, precise targeting, and minimal side effects. Although oncolytic virus (OV) therapy was introduced as a novel approach to tumor treatment in the 19th century, its efficacy was suboptimal, limiting its widespread application. However, since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first OV therapy drug, T-VEC, in 2015, interest in OV has grown significantly. In recent years, oncolytic virus therapy has shown increasingly promising application prospects and has become a major research focus in the field of cancer treatment. This article reviews the development, classification, and research progress of oncolytic viruses, as well as their mechanisms of action, therapeutic methods, and routes of administration.
Efficacy of acidified water-in-oil emulsions against desiccated Salmonella as a function of acid carbon chain-length and membrane viscosity
Authors: Chuang Shihyu , Ghoshal Mrinalini , McLandsborough Lynne
Published: June 2023

Sanitizing low-moisture food (LMF) processing equipment is challenging due to the increased heat resistance of Salmonella spp. in low-water activity (aw) environments. Food-grade oils mixed with acetic acid have been shown effective against desiccated Salmonella. In this study, different hydrocarbon chain-length (Cn) organic acids were tested against desiccated Salmonella by using 1% v/v water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion as the delivery system for 200 mM acid. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was utilized with a BODIPY-based molecular rotor to evaluate membrane viscosity under environmental conditions such as desiccation and temperature elevation. Drying hydrated Salmonella cells to 75% equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) increased the membrane viscosity from 1,199 to 1,309 mPa·s (cP) at 22°C. Heating to 45°C decreased the membrane viscosity of hydrated cells from 1,199 to 1,082 mPa·s, and decreased that of the desiccated cells from 1,309 to 1,245 mPa·s. At both 22°C and 45°C, desiccated Salmonella was highly susceptible (>6.5 microbial log reduction (MLR) per stainless-steel coupon) to a 30-min treatment with the W/O emulsions formulated with short carbon chain acids (C1-3). By comparison, the emulsion formulations with longer carbon chain acids (C4-12) showed little to no MLR at 22°C, but achieved >6.5 MLR at 45°C. Based upon the decreased Salmonella membrane viscosity and the increased antimicrobial efficacy of C4-12 W/O emulsions with increasing temperature, we propose that heating can make the membrane more fluid which may allow the longer carbon chain acids (C4-12) to permeate or disrupt membrane structures.