bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Therapeutic Recreation Service Delivery for Adults with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities in Community-Based Settings
Authors: Ryan Oakes Lindsey , Massaad Christel F.
Published: August 2022

With there being a nine-and-a-half percent increase in prevalence of intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) among children in the U.S. over nine years (i.e., 2009-2017; Zablotsky et al., 2019), the number of adults with IDD in our communities is growing and there is great potential for CTRS to produce multi-level and influential opportunities, outcomes, and benefits for adults with IDD through therapeutic recreation (TR) services in community-based settings. However, community-based settings is not a well-represented employment setting among CTRSs in the U.S. This mixed methods study aimed to identify best practices, barriers, and facilitators CTRSs experience when providing TR services to adults with IDD in community-based settings, as well as to examine how COVID has impacted TR service delivery and ideas for future provision of virtual TR services among these CTRSs. A total of 278 CTRSs across the country who work with adults with IDD in community-based settings completed a Qualtrics survey and 15 of these CTRS completed a follow-up, individual interview. Integrated data analysis revealed widespread impacts of COVID, lack of use of evidence-based practice, lack of involvement in evidence-based practice research, and need for standardized assessment and use of evidence-based practice to increase billing for TR services. Important implications for TR service delivery among adults with IDD in community-based settings were revealed, as well as directions for future research.
Telesna aktivnost, antioksidanti in oksidativni stres
Authors: Mila Meden Vesna , Rauter Vesna
Published: August 2022

Med telesno aktivnostjo se sproščajo reaktivne zvrsti; obseg njihovega nastanka je povezan z značilnostmi telesne vadbe. Sproščanje reaktivnih zvrsti, ki presega zmožnost antioksidativne obrambe, izzove oksidativni stres. Ravnovesje med obsegom sproščanja reaktivnih zvrsti in antioksidativno obrambo je v fizioloških razmerah pomaknjeno nekoliko na stran oksidativnih procesov. Dve skrajnosti telesne aktivosti omenjeno ravnovesje rušita: akutna, visoko intenzivna telesna aktivnost in telesna neaktivnost. Izziv vrednotenja stanja oksidativnega stresa v organizmu je izjemno aktualen. Izsledki lastnih raziskav na področju antioksidantov usmerjajo k nujnosti interdisciplinarnega pristopa k tovrstnim raziskavam. Rezultati raziskave so primerjani z dognanji raziskovalcev v svetovnem prostoru, zato so predstavljena znanja izrazito aktualna. Z namenom, da se spodbudi radovednost in navdušenje do raziskovanja, vsebina še posebej nagovarja populacijo mladih, predvsem študentov. Izobraževanje o ključni vlogi telesne aktivnosti pri ohranjanju homeostaze in posledično zdravja in dolgoživosti spada med obvezne vsebine predmetov na vseh študijskih programih univerz in visokošolskih institucij. Športne igre naj postanejo temeljni povezovalni dejavnik v izobraževalnem procesu, izkustveno izobraževanje naj povezuje telesno aktivnost s sleherno vsebino predmetov. Malo nam v življenju koristijo obširna znanja, če ignoriramo osnove, ki trajnostno določajo zdravje in dobro počutje slehernega posameznika. Izgradnja uspešne kariere naj vselej temelji na redni telesni aktivnosti zmerne intenzivnosti.
Cinematic Spaces of Istanbul Through the Foreign Lens: Hollywood Studio Era, Spy Films and Touristic Experience
Authors: KAYHAN Sezen , KESİRLİ UNUR Ayşegül
Published: August 2022

As a connecting point between the Orient and the Occident, the Turkish metropolis of Istanbul has inspired foreign filmmakers for decades. Hollywood studio films from the 1930s to the 1950s fabricated the image of Istanbul as an exotic city of espionage. These films were produced in Hollywood studios which later added landscape stock footage during editing. With analyzing five films: Stamboul Quest (1934), Background to Danger (1943), Journey into the Fear (1945), Flame of Stamboul (1951), and 5 Fingers (1952), this study intends to show how foreign filmmakers created the image of Istanbul in Hollywood studio era and continued to use the same images later in films produced on location. Selected films which use Orientalist imagery offer the spectators a virtual touristic experience. Similar to the immersion of the tourists within the cultural authenticity that is staged and performed for them, cinema can offer a “distant immersion” for the spectators (Corbin, 2014). Although the city’s representation transformed to a certain degree depending on the dominant ideological views of the international setting, the iconic images of Istanbul in early spy films from the 1930s continue to appear in contemporary productions of the genre in an attempt to offer a familiar pleasure in a new context.
Neuroinflammation and сhemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Pilipenko P. I. , Voytsitsky V. E. , Dobresko Yu. A.
Published: August 2022

Neurotoxicity is one of the common side effects of anticancer chemotherapy. This pathology has a detectability of 38–90%. In some cases, it causes not only a significant decrease of life quality but also decrease of dose of cytostatics. Therefore, the tasks of early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of neurotoxicity are very relevant. Sensors underlying detection, especially neuroinflammation processes, are needed to develop an effective therapy for chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. The purpose of this topic is to study the results of chemotherapy studies on changes in the activity of proinflammatory cytokines. In this regard, the study of behavioral societies in neuropathic pain in animal models is of great importance. It was revealed that various manifestations of inflammation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, damage to the dorsal ganglion or distal nerve endings are increasingly being detected. Detection of chemically induced peripheral neuropathy using animal models is necessary for in-depth identification of the cause-and-effect mechanisms of its development and selection of new, more effective methods of treatment.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ АНИЗОТРОПНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ ТРАССЕРНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ПЛАСТА Ю11 НА ПРИМЕРЕ НЕФТЯНОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Коровин Михаил Олегович
Published: August 2022

Актуальность исследования состоит в необходимости поддержания добычи нефти на высоком уровне. Наращивание сырьевой базы является важным фактором финансирования налоговой базы региона. Нефть – невозобновляемый источник энергии, поэтому человечество не может позволить себе нерационально его использовать. У нефти есть немаловажный фактор высокой теплоты сгорания, и этот параметр выгодно отличает ее от остальных источников энергии. Из нефти производится огромный спектр продуктов, не говоря уже об использовании нефтепродуктов в двигателях внутреннего сгорания. И спрос на нефть, несмотря на разработки в области возобновляемых источников энергии, продолжает расти. Для увеличения коэффициента извлечения нефти требуется выбрать наиболее эффективную стратегию разработки месторождения, которая позволит снизить остаточные запасы. Выбор стратегии разработки основывается на результатах расчёта гидродинамических моделей. Цель данной работы – определение параметров анизотропии проницаемости в пласте Ю11 по результатам анализа трассерных исследований. На нижележащем пласте Ю13 аналогичные исследования проведены. Необходимо проверить, возможно ли пользоваться той же методикой анализа трассерных исследований для исследуемого пласта или её нужно изменить. Объект исследования – верхнеюрские терригенные отложения одного из месторождений на территории Томской области. Методы. Анализ трассерных исследований приводит к решению важной задачи определения параметров фильтрационной неоднородности и к ответу на вопросы о едином подходе расчёта параметров неоднородности по разным пластам и сопоставимости полученных результатов с распределением характеристик анизотропии по геофизическим исследованиям скважин. Методика подразумевает определение количества индикаторной жидкости, перемещённой от нагнетательных к добывающим скважинам. Дополнительно анализируется проницаемость и создаются розы-диаграммы распределения параметров. Используется ранее опробованный метод пространственного распределения параметров по геофизическим исследованиям скважин. Трассерные исследования применяются для проверки достоверности расчётов по каротажным данным. В результате расчётов и исследований получилось с помощью анализа трассерных исследований подтвердить параметры анизотропии, полученные по результатам ГИС. Получились очень близкие значения параметров. Анализ трассерных исследований показал, что использование технологии определения и учёта анизотропии проницаемости, ранее применявшейся на нижележащем пласте Ю13, отражает достоверные результаты для терригенного пласта Ю11. Полученные данные отражают направление неоднородности проницаемости, учитывая распределение индикаторной жидкости от нагнетальных скважин к добывающим. Также величины, полученные с помощью анализа геофизических исследований скважин, подтверждаются данными трассерных исследований.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТИПОВ СВЯЗЕЙ КРЕМНИЯ С ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫМИ ГРУППАМИ В СТРУКТУРАХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ С ПОМОЩЬЮ МЕТОДА ДИФФУЗНОГО ОТРАЖЕНИЯ ИНФРАКРАСНОЙ СПЕТРОСКОПИИ
Authors: Иванов Владимир Петрович , Дмитриенко Анастасия Александровна
Published: August 2022

Актуальность исследования обусловлена раскрытием возможности определения связей Si с C, H, N, O в структурах газово-жирных углей и других углефицированных веществ методом инфракрасной спектроскопии диффузного отражения в диапазоне 7500–350 см–1 с последующей обработкой спектров и определением спектральных характеристик, расчетом значений для определения структурно-генетических показателей и выполнения структурно-группового анализа. Использование структурно-генетических показателей: Пм, Пв, ПVt+L, ПI, Пг, позволяет определять влияние генетических факторов на образование разных типов связей кремния и их количества в структурах природных органических веществ. Цель: на примере инфракрасных спектров углей пластов газово-жирной стадии углефикации показать приёмы определения типов связей Si с элементами C, H, N, O с помощью справочных спектрометрических характеристик простых химических соединений кремния и анализа парной корреляции значений интенсивности выбранных полос диффузного отражения с содержанием Si в углях; также на примере веществ фоссилизированных (гербарий, фитолейма) и углефицированных (торф, кероген, уголь) показать применение обнаруженных типов связей кремнийорганических соединений в структурах природных органических веществах и характер их изменения в зависимости от углепетрографических и структурно-генетических показателей. Объекты: угли пластов Жерновского месторождения Кузбасса; образцы гербария хвоща болота Томской области, фитолейм хвоща, папоротника и керогена нефтегазовых отложений Западной Сибири юрского возраста, торфа месторождения Апача на Камчатке, каменных углей марки Д пласта Двухаршинного Черногорского месторождения Минусинского бассейна и марки Ж пласта 39 Жерновского месторождения Кузбасса. Методы: инфракрасная спектроскопия диффузного отражения в диапазоне 7500–350 см–1 с Фурье-преобразованием и приставкой DRS-8010ASC, химический анализ золы углей, углепетрографический анализ мацерального состава углей. Результаты. Установлено, что с помощью справочных таблиц спектрометрической характеристики кремния и его корреляции с интенсивностью диффузного отражения на частотах с волновыми числами 800, 855, 868, 2070, 3391 см–1 хорошо диагностируются соединения Si–H, SiCH3, Si(CH3)2, Si(C≡CH)4, Si2NH соответственно. В частности, они отражают разные виды связей Si с функциональными группами и, как показал эксперимент, с образцами гербария хвоща, фитолеймов хвоща и папоротника, керогена, торфа, каменных углей марок Д и Ж. Их использование со структурно-генетическими показателями – Пм, Пв, ПVt+L, ПI, Пг – позволяет определять влияние генетических факторов на образование разных типов связей кремния и их количества в структурах природных органических веществ.
ГЕОСТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ СМЫСЛ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОГО МНОЖИТЕЛЯ ЛАГРАНЖА В МЕТОДАХ ОРДИНАРНОГО И ДВОЙНОГО КРИГИНГА
Authors: Степанов Дмитрий Юрьевич , Шестаков Валерий Владимирович , Гергет Ольга Михайловна
Published: August 2022

Актуальность. При разработке новых методов объемного моделирования вещественного состава геологических сред по данным скважинных и наземных наблюдений ранее авторы выдвинули предположение о возможности альтернативной оценки ошибки с помощью множителя Лагранжа. На практике, в силу малого количества скважинных измерений и большого расстояния между скважинами, важно не только использовать эффективную модель среды, но и оценить ее точность в межскважинном пространстве. Использование простых и понятных оценок точности моделирования является залогом снижения рисков принятия неверного решения по последующему бурению. Метод неопределенных множителей Лагранжа используется при решении экстремальных задач с ограничениями типа равенства. В таких науках, как экономика, статистическая и классическая механика в множители Лагранжа вкладывается экономический или физический смысл, и он приобретает практическое значение. Однако в геостатистике при решении задачи выбора оптимальных методов интерполяции пространственных данных от множителя Лагранжа избавляются на первых этапах решения систем линейных уравнений. В связи с этим отсутствуют как аналитические, так и прикладные исследования его значения. Цель: выяснить смысл множителя Лагранжа при решении систем ординарного и двойного кригинга; разработать новые способы получения нормированных оценок ошибки геостатистического моделирования; провести исследования полученных выражений на реальных материалах, а именно, при решении задач прогноза вещественного состава геологических сред.Методы: ординарный кригинг, двойной кригинг, метод неопределенных множителей Лагранжа, метод Крамера.Результаты. Для проведения исследований предложено в модель набора известных значений прогнозируемого параметра добавить неизвестную составляющую. На основе этой модели проведены аналитические и численные исследования, которые привели к новым выражениям, связывающим вес неизвестной составляющей и ковариационные свойства измерений с множителем Лагранжа. Предложены оценки весовой функции неизвестной составляющей. На примере реальных данных для решения задачи прогноза вещественного состава геологических сред показана практическая значимость множителя Лагранжа при анализе ошибок моделирования.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ОТХОДОВ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНО-БУМАЖНОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ В ПОЧВОГРУНТЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРИРОДНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Authors: Шатрова Анастасия Сергеевна , Богданов Андрей Викторович , Шкрабо Анна Ивановна , Алексеева Ольга Викторовна
Published: August 2022

Актуальность. Отходы ОАО «Байкальский ЦБК» несут реальную угрозу возникновения социально-экологической катастрофы озера Байкал и всего Южного Прибайкалья, поэтому особенно остро стоит проблема разработки комплексных решений по ликвидации накопленных лигнинсодержащих отходов. Одним из перспективных направлений переработки такого типа отходов можно считать использование естественных природных процессов, например вымораживание в зимний период времени года вследствие отрицательных температур или самозарастание вследствие естественных процессов сукцессии. Цель: разработать экологически безопасную технологию переработки коллоидных лигнинсодержащих отходов целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности. Методы: опытно-промышленные испытания на Солзанской промплощадке ОАО «Байкальский ЦБК» по вымораживанию лигнинсодержащих отходов и получению из них почвогрунтов путем смешивания с добавками; выполнение количественного химического анализа с использованием методов атомно-абсорбционной и атомно-эмиссионной спектрометрии, высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии, токсикологического анализа. Результаты. Опытно-промышленные испытания показали, что после вымораживания происходит разрушение коллоидной структуры лигнинсодержащих осадков с уменьшением объема до 40 %, влажности до 60 %, а также со снижением токсичности с третьего (умеренно опасные) в четвертый (малоопасные) и пятый класс (практически неопасные) опасности отходов в зависимости от его состава. После вымораживания полученный осадок при внесении различных добавок (золы ТЭЦ, осадок канализационных очистных сооружений) можно применять как почвогрунты и удобрения для рекультивации нарушенных земель и выращивания сельскохозяйственных культур. Таким образом, разработана экологически безопасная технология переработки отходов целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности с получением почвогрунтов, которая является малоэнергозатратной и не содержит дорогостоящего импортного оборудования.
An Attempt to Establish an Agrobacterium-mediated Transient Expression in Euphorbia tirucalli (L.) an Important Medicinal Plant
Authors: Rajagopal M. , Reddy C.M. Narendra , Prasuna V.N. Swetha , Lakshmi P.V. Chaithanya , Srinivas B.
Published: August 2022

Background: Optimization of co-cultivation parameters during Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to Euphorbia tirucalli evaluated were bacterial density, infection period, acetosyringone (AS) concentration and co-cultivation temperature. Optimized parameters resulted in high transformation efficiency 3 fold increase at transient GUS expression .The optimized conditions were Agrobacterium tumefaciens growth phase of A600nm 0.17, infection period of 30 min, addition of acetosyringone (AS) in co-cultivation medium (100 µM) and cocultivation temperature of 25°C. Methods: Nodal explants were used for transformation. Bacterial culture was added to 50 ml of liquid YEP medium with kanamycin and rifampicin and grown until reaching the growth phase (A600nm). Bacterial density ranged from A600nm 0.17, 0.56, 0.8 and 1.2 OD were used in the present study. The co-cultivation medium made of solid MS medium consisted of NAA 2 mg L-1 and various concentrations of AS at 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 µM. Histochemical analysis of gus gene expression was carried out. Result: Higher bacterial density resulted in more transformation efficiency, but also higher necrosis in the explants. Dilution of bacterial suspension reduced necrosis in explants and resulted in higher transformation. The transformation efficiency is 72% when the infection process was carried out with acetosyringone in co-cultivation medium (100 µM). Our studies proved that among the optimized conditions, cocultivation temperature and acetosyringone were the critical parameters during Agrobacterium mediated transformation.
Inventory of Agrestals in Telangana, India: Their Impact and Management
Authors: Suthari Sateesh , Omkar K. , Jayaramulu K. , Kiran E. , Geetha S. , Naidu M.T. , Sreeramulu N.
Published: August 2022

Background: Understanding the sociological structure of weeds in crop fields is a pre-requisite for effective management. Identification and quantification of weed species found in different crops are possible to provide strategies for weed control. The exploration studies of weeds in agro-ecosystems are meager in Telangana, so that the present study has initiated to explore the weeds and educate the local farmers about the impact of agrestals and it will be of immense helpful to control the loss of crop productivity first of its kind in the region. Methods: The inventory of agrestals was carried out in 33 districts of Telangana State during 2016-2020 in two growing seasons (kharif, rabi) and it is an overview in agro-ecosystems. Result: The study focuses on the documentation of weed taxa in agricultural fields and recorded ca. 249 plant taxa pertaining to 150 genera and 47 families. Cyperaceae is the predominant family with 38 plant species followed by Poaceae (33 spp.), Asteraceae (20 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (17 spp.), Amaranthaceae (16 spp.). Echinochloa crus-galli is the dominant taxon in paddy crop with its mimic, where Cyperus rotundus is a serious competitor in many cultivated crops. The present study is very climacteric for farmers, agronomists and plant breeders for cognizance, to know the intensity of weeds impact and management skills.
Macropropagation Techniques in Bamboos: A Review
Authors: Sreejith M.M. , Chichaghare A.R.
Published: August 2022

Bamboo has been the integral part of socio and cultural part of human life from time immemorial due to its multifarious and versatile utility and it also plays a important role in women empowerment. Bamboo has a variety of uses ranging from its conventional usage in building, pulp and paper manufacture, to cottage industries and household use. Due to the uncertainty of sporadic flowering, long flowering cycle, unavailability and short viability of seeds, bamboos are usually propagated by vegetative propagation. In this paper, we presented short overview of various macropropagation techniques for bamboos. Macro propagation of bamboos is straightforward, inexpensive and uses local resources, depending on the aims and the facilities available. It is very helpful for the sustained production of field plantable bamboo saplings. In the area of bamboo research, it has also opened up a lot of new doors. It is very adaptable since bamboos can be mass-propagated using offsets, rhizomes, layering, culm or branch cuttings.
Effects of Non-genetic Factors on Production and Reproduction Traits in Tharparkar Cattle under Arid Region of Rajasthan
Authors: Patel A.K. , Kachhawah S.C. , Patil N.V. , Chopra Ashish
Published: August 2022

Background: Tharparkar is one of the important milch breed of cattle for the arid western region of India, which has the capacity to withstand harsh desert climatic conditions and has high thermo-tolerance gene (Bhat et al. 2016) with better reproductive efficiency and milk production. Methods: The present investigation was undertaken on 422 lactation record of 95 cows spread over 30 years from 1990 to 2020, available at ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Various lactation and reproduction traits in Tharparkar cattle were analysed by using Linear Mixed Model methodology. Result: The overall least-square means were 1803.05±31.59 litre for 305-days lactation yield, 1915.38±36.87 litre for total lactation yield (TLY) in 313.12±4.28 days of lactation length (LL). The peak yield (PY) was 10.29±0.12 litre and days to attain peak yield was 68.12±2.16 days of calving. The least-square means of dry period (DP) and calving interval (CI) were 114.23±4.81 and 427.01±5.49 days, respectively. Significant improvement in production and reproduction traits was observed may be due to selection of high yielding animals and improving management condition of herd. Rigid culling of animals should be followed after 5th lactation onwards to make the dairy farm profitability. Non-significant effect of season of calving indicated the adaptive character against the extreme climatic conditions of the arid zone.
Effect of Exogenous Enzyme Mixture on Growth Performance, Digestibility and Some Rumen Parameters of Finishing Lambs Fed High Whole Grain Hulled Barley Diet
Authors: Muruz H. , Çelik S. , Genç B.
Published: August 2022

Background: Whole grain hulled barley has several nutritional limitations in diets for ruminants. Its fibrous hull which is resistant to ruminal microbial degradation and this could decrease performance. Therefore, tools that optimize the use of barley hull are required. Exogenous enzyme products including fibrolytic enzymes may be an important tool to improve the digestibility of whole grain, feed and improve the efficiency of lambs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of the supplementary exogenous enzyme mixture at three different levels on growth performance, digestibility and ruminal fermentation of male finishing lambs fed diets containing whole barley grain. Methods: Twenty-one Karayaka lamb (29.36±1.32 kg initial weight) were assigned to three experimental treatments: (1) Control, diet without exogenous enzyme; (2) 5 exogenous enzyme, diet with 5 g exogenous enzyme/head/day) and (3) 10 exogenous enzyme, diet with 10 exogenous enzyme g/head/day). Forage-free finishing diets were composed of 70% whole barley and 30% protein supplement. The experimental diet was offered to the animals for 56 days. Nutrient digestibility was determined during the last 4 days of the experiment. Result: The supplementation of exogenous enzyme did not affect dry matter intake. Increasing exogenous enzyme in whole barley grain-based diets did not alter digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre. Regarding, mean ruminal pH, NH3-N and ruminal total volatile fatty acid, there was no difference between control and both exogenous enzyme mixture levels. The findings of the current study indicate that there was no effect of exogenous enzyme mixture on lamb performance, digestibility and ruminal fermentation fed whole grain hulled barley-based diets in Karayaka lambs. Therefore, supplementing such diets with exogenous enzyme for fatting Karayaka lambs is not recommended.
Inhibitory Effect of Neem Seed Extract on Soil Nitrogen Mineralization under Chemical and Organic Amendments
Authors: Butnan Somchai , Duangpukdee Janista , Sriraj Pranee
Published: August 2022

Background: Improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of chemical fertilizers and N-rich-organic amendments using natural mineralization inhibitors, like neem extract, was recommended to minimize nitrogen (N) loss. This study hence aimed to evaluate the effects of combined uses of neem seed extract with cricket feces on soil N mineralization and plant NUE. Methods: The treatment combinations included i) amending materials involving unamended (Un), chemical fertilizer at a recommended rate of 312.5 kg N ha-1, 100 kg P ha-1 and 100 kg K ha-1 (CF) and three rates of cricket feces (CrF) [3.125 (CrFlow), 6.25 (CrFmedium) and 12.5 (CrFhigh) Mg ha-1], ii) in combination without (-Nm) and with (+Nm) neem seed extract. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) was employed to assay the plant’s NUE. Result: Neem seed extract inhibited the N mineralization under the Un (74%) and CF (84%) treatments, but not in any of the CrF treatments (-102%, -99% and -2% for CrFlow, CrFmedium and CrFhigh, respectively. In addition, the neem extract significantly decreased NUE parameters, including N recovery efficiency and agronomy NUE, only in CF treatment. Neem seed extract could only function as an N inhibitor in unamended and chemically fertilized soils.
Effect of Lipid Content on Anaerobic Digestion Process and Microbial Community: Review Study
Authors: Alhraishawi Ali , Aslan Sukru
Published: August 2022

The indiscriminate release of significant amounts of food waste, fat oil and grease, and sewage sludge (SS) into the environment causes severe contamination in many nations. There are numerous potential treatment methods to cope with the organic wastes, but anaerobic digestion is currently widely accepted to handle different kinds of biological waste. One of the pillars supporting anaerobic digester biogas production increase in treatment plants is the use of fats in the wastewaters. However, it has been claimed that high-fat wastes, particularly mono-digestion in the anaerobic reactor, inhibits acetoclastic and methanotrophic bacteria, delays the formation of gas even more, and overtaxes the system. This paper examines the research on the impact of lipids on biogas enhancement, reactor inhibition, impact on the microbial communities, and co-digestion with lipids in the anaerobic digestion process.
University Students Dealing with Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS: Knowledge and Practice, a Cross-sectional study Conducted in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
Authors: Andriamamonjisoa A.J. , Rakotomalala R. , Andriananja V. , Raberahona M. , Randriamampionona F. , Andrianasolo R.L. , Randria M.J.D. , Rakotoarivelo R.A.
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the Knowledge and attitude of the academic students about sexually transmitted infections and HIV at the university of Fianarantsoa in 2018. Materials and methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate students at the University Andrainjato-Fianarantsoa. Knowledge was assessed using a score where each correct answer was given one point. Results: 1035 students were included, 67.7% (n=701) had good knowledge about STIs, and HIV/AIDS. Sexual transmission (83.9%; n=868) was the most known. On multivariate analysis, being a student at the faculty of medicine (p<0.001, aOR 137.3 [19.1-988]), faculty of Letters (p<0.001, aOR 4.5 [2.8-7.2)]), or the Normal Graduate School (NGS) (p<0.001, aOR 6.7 [3.3-13.7]), being tested for HIV before (p= 0.002, aOR 1.6 [1.2-2.2]) constitute the major factor of good knowledge about the sexual infections. The majority (71.8%, n=743) have had sexual intercourse before, and the median age of first sexual activities was 18 years (17-20). The use of Condoms (44.4%, n=460) was the most practiced in the STIs prevention method, followed by fidelity (19.8%; n=205) and abstinence (11.4%, n=118). Among the students, 29.3% (302) had high-risk sexual behavior in the last 3 months. Conclusion: The proportion of academic students with good knowledge of STIs and HIV is not satisfactory. There was a discordance between the knowledge of STI prevention and the daily university practice of the students.
Les Anomalies en Endoscopies Digestives Hautes à Bangui
Authors: Youssouf Oumarou , Mafata Ngonvon Eudes Habib Evrard , Ouati JM Bambe , Camengo Police Serge Magloire
Published: August 2022

La pathologie digestive haute est riche et variée. Les signes fonctionnels digestifs constituent les motifs fréquents de consultation tant en médecine générale qu’en gastro-entérologie. L’endoscopie constitue l’examen de référence pour le diagnostic et dans certains cas pour le traitement des pathologies digestives. Nous voulons déterminer les anomalies rencontrées en fibroscopie haute à Bangui. Méthodologie : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale d’une durée de deux ans incluant les patients des deux sexes ayant réalisé l’endoscopie digestive haute (EDH) dont le compte rendu était complet. Résultats : Au total 1233 anomalies œsogastroduodénales ont été observées. Les anomalies les plus fréquentes étaient l’incontinence cardiale (467 cas soit 37,88%) et les anomalies inflammatoires (443 cas soit 35,93%). Six cas de cancer (0,61%) étaient observés au niveau gastrique. Les lésions étaient observées dans l’estomac dans 980 cas (79,48%), œsophage dans 196 cas (15,9%). Les lésions duodénales étaient observées dans 57 cas (4,62%). Les anomalies gastriques étaient dominées par les gastrites dans 417 cas (42,55%) alors que les lésions œsophagiennes et duodénales étaient dominées respectivement par les varices œsophagiennes dans 139 cas (70,92%) et les ulcères dans 55 cas (96,49%). Conclusion : La pathologie digestive haute est fréquente à Bangui. Les anomalies endoscopiques sont multiples dont les fréquentes sont les varices œsophagiennes et l’incontinence cardiale. L’extension de l’endoscopie dans les autres formations sanitaires sera bénéfique pour l’amélioration de la prise en charge des patients
Cas Rares D’ascite et Grossesse au Centre Hospitalier Régional de Niamey
Authors: H. Sanoussi , N. Idi
Published: August 2022

L’ascite survenant chez la femme enceinte est un tableau clinique rare. Nous rapportons deux cas cliniques d’ascite et grossesse observés chez des jeunes patientes. La symptomatologie était dominée par la dyspnée, la pâleur cutanéo-muqueuse, la distension abdominale et les œdèmes des membres pelviens. Les étiologies étaient la tuberculose péritonéale et la cytolyse hépatique. Plusieurs ponctions d’ascite furent réalisées ainsi que l’utilisation des diurétiques afin de diminuer la distension abdominale. La correction de l’anémie était obtenue par la supplémentation en fer et les transfusions sanguines. L’utilisation des antituberculeux était faite chez la patiente atteinte. Les accouchements se sont effectués par voies basse avec des nouveaux nés en bonne santé. L’évolution clinique des patientes et celle de leur nouveau fut favorable au bout de plusieurs jours d’hospitalisation.
Palyatif bakım kliniğinde yatan hastalara bakım veren bireylerin mental iyi oluş durumları ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesi
Authors: ERSİN Fatma , ÇADIRCI Dursun , KILIÇ DEDEOĞLU Gül
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Palyatif bakım süreci, bakım veren için çeşitli zorlukları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenle bakım verenin ruh sağlığı olumsuz etkilemekte ve sosyal desteğe gereksinim duymaktadırlar. Bu çalışma palyatif bakım kliniğinde yatan hastalara bakım veren bireylerin mental iyi oluş durumları ve algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte olup, Mart-Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 166 bakım veren birey oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeği ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis analizi ve Spearman Korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Bakım veren bireylerin mental iyi oluş ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları 51,39±12,3, çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları 54,15±15,14 olarak saptanmıştır. Bakım vericilerin mental iyi oluş düzeyleri ile algıladıkları sosyal destek arasında pozitif yönde, orta düzeyde, anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=,620, p
Percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty experience in mid-thoracic vertebra fractures
Authors: GURKAN Gokhan , KAYA Ismail , ATAR Murat , UZUNOGLU Inan , CİNGOZ Ilker Deniz , TASKALA Baran , YUCEER Nurullah
Published: August 2022

Aim: Balloon kyphoplasty is a popular minimally invasive technique for vertebral fractures. Although vertebral fractures occur mostly in the thoracolumbar region, compression fractures can be seen in the entire vertebral column. The mid-thoracic levels are difficult areas in terms of complications in minimally invasive procedures. Our study aimed to examine the effect of balloon kyphoplasty on vertebral height, kyphosis angle, and cement leaks as a complication in mid-thoracic vertebral fractures.

Materials and Methods: Radiological images, patient files, and pathology results of patients who underwent kyphoplasty due to a single or multiple mid-thoracic vertebral fractures between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: A total of 19 patients (9 males and 10 females) and 28 operated vertebrae were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 58.42±18.79 (23-86) years, and the mean operation time was 40.18±15.01 minutes (17-99). The amount of cement used during the procedures was 3.68±1.13 mL (1.5-7), and postoperative cement leakage was observed in 12 levels (42.9%). Anterior and median vertebral heights and kyphosis angle improved significantly compared to preoperative values (p
POEMAS 2006-2014, de LOUISE GLÜCK
Authors: Brandão de Oliveira Karla Roberta
Published: August 2022

No ano de 2020 a novaiorquina Louise Glück recebeu o Prêmio Nobel de Literatura e despertou o interesse do editorial brasileiro. Em decorrência disso, em 2021 a Companhia das Letras publicou Poemas 2006-2014, que reúne os três livros mais recentes da poetisa norte-americana: Averno, Uma vida no interior e Noite fiel e virtuosa. A contemporaneidade de Glück expressa-se no olhar dirigido ao cotidiano de pessoas comuns, retratando, recorrentemente, os costumes da vida moderna. Há, ainda, um domínio da natureza que assume posição de destaque na vida das personagens numa espécie de simbiose em que não é possível precisar onde uma termina e outra começa. Louise Glück consegue tocar questões importantes para a existência humana com a sensibilidade que a poesia permite. Sua obra é um convite a enxergar o mundo e as relações que estabelecemos com ele, nele e a partir dele, com olhos curiosos e imaginativos. Olhos que conseguem perceber o evidente e o encoberto, a luz e a penumbra. Que desconfiam do óbvio, do explícito. Que veem os outros e pelos outros
Culture Always Operates Through and in the Body: How Culture Constructs and Reshapes the Female Body
Authors: Zhang Tianyi
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the relationship between culture and the body, with a particular focus on the female body and the cultural construction of its biology by society. Culture always operates through and in the body, which is often embodied through the spheres of labour, production and reproduction, and is constantly reinforced in scientific knowledge and social common sense. This article is based on the literature research method to explain this view. The article explores the ways in which scientific knowledge and social practices perceive and shape women’s gender and bodies from different perspectives such as labour, production and reproduction, concluding that culture always constructs and operates on the female body. At the same time, the female body is not only culturally defined and interpreted, but also culturally and economically altered in a physical sense. Biological science and society’s traditional views on gender and the body are deeply entrenched and need to be changed in many ways, from the law, education, publicity and, most fundamentally, institutional and policy direction.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Introducing a New User-Generated Content Exception Into Copyright Legislation
Authors: Zhou Jieying
Published: August 2022

User-generated content (UGC) has arose many arguments while thriving. It is important but difficult to keep a balance between encourage creation and tolerance of light infringement in the field of UGC. Introducing a new exception for UGC maybe a proper method to keep the balance which may lead uncertainty and lack of protection. On contrary, a future compulsory-licensing approach may play a better role to keep the balance. Compulsory-licensing poor provide right holder a platform to sharing their content and gain profits according to the policy of sharing economy. Besides, it also enables right holder to drop out from this sharing pool when the right holder aims to control the copyright as much as possible. This new licensing method can protect the copyright as well as encouraging the prosperity of UGC industry.
A ‘INVENÇÃO’ DO ANTROPOCENTRISMO: UMA ABORDAGEM DECOLONIAL
Authors: Tavares Sinivaldo Silva
Published: August 2022

Propomo-nos, aqui, uma abordagem decolonial do antropocentrismo, em três momentos. No primeiro, analisaremos a separação "Natureza" e "culturas" e "humanos" e "não-humanos", dualismos típicos do antropocentrismo, invenção da modernidade/colonialidade. No segundo, concentrar-nos-emos na instituição do "direito natural" como "direito dos povos", para arbitrar conflitos entre Estados-nações em seus respectivos projetos coloniais. No terceiro, indagaremos acerca da imprescindibilidade de se "voltar aquém" do dualismo "Natureza/culturas" no intuito de nos libertarmos do círculo vicioso no interior do qual vivemos aprisionados. Na conclusão, em alternativa às atitudes de exterioridade, superioridade e instrumentalidade típicas do antropocentrismo moderno/colonial, proporemos relações de pertença, interação e cuidado para com todas as expressões de vida do planeta: humanos, seres vivos e entes que povoam o cosmos. Trata-se de privilegiar relações e movimentos em contínuo processo de composição entre organismos, espécies e coletivos.
BIBLIA, MEDIOAMBIENTE E IGLESIAS CRISTIANAS, UNA REFLEXIÓN DESDE EL PERÚ
Authors: Lecaros Véronique
Published: August 2022

Este artículo se propone analizar la forma en la cual las iglesias cristianas, en particular, en el Perú, a partir de sus interpretaciones de la Biblia abordan la emergencia medioambiental. El cristianismo que hemos heredado, forjado por pueblos que vivían bajo el temor de una naturaleza amenazante, adorando a un Dios todopoderoso, esperanza de salvación, mantiene en su doctrina elementos que, interpretados de manera literal, llevan a justificar la explotación sin-medida de la creación y/o la indolencia frente a la destrucción del medioambiente. A estas limitaciones, se añade el peso de factores contingentes vinculados a la precariedad que impera en la región. Sin embargo, los miembros de las comunidades religiosas, hoy, desde otra perspectiva, están jugando un rol profético de liderazgo, acompañando el impulso del Papa Francisco. A partir de este análisis, delineamos espacios teológicos y pastorales que deben desarrollarse para forjar una mayor agencia de la población en favor del medioambiente, en particular desde el buen uso de las ciencias.
Aplicación de ramnolípidos de Pseudomonas sp. Y3-B1A en la biodegradación de hidrocarburos a diferentes escalas
Authors: Barrios San Martín Yaima , Toledo León Heidy Flora , Abalos Rodríguez Arelis , Acosta Díaz Silvia , Sánchez López María Isabel
Published: August 2022

La acumulación en suelos de petróleo crudo y sus derivados es un problema ambiental grave. La biorremediación es una tecnología de saneamiento de ecosistemas contaminados ampliamente estudiada y aplicada, cuya eficiencia puede estar limitada por la baja solubilidad y toxicidad de los contaminantes. El empleo de biotensioactivos favorece la solubilización de moléculas hidrofóbicas e incrementa la biodisponibilidad. En este trabajo se evaluó la influencia de la bioestimulación con ramnolípidos de Pseudomonas sp. Y3-B1A en la degradación de hidrocarburos a diferentes escalas, determinando a su vez la toxicidad de estas moléculas. En el laboratorio se evaluó la degradación en medio líquido suplementado con crudo e incubado por 28 días. El empleo de ramnolípidos incrementó en 61.7 % el porcentaje de degradación de hidrocarburos totales del petróleo (HTP) con relación al tratamiento sin aditivos. En los microcosmos y parcelas de suelo, se calculó la degradación de HTP, grasas y aceites (GA), compuestos saturados, aromáticos, resinas y asfaltenos a los 30 días. Además, se determinaron las concentraciones de nitrógeno y fósforo, así como el crecimiento microbiano. En los microcosmos la aplicación de ramnolípidos incrementó en más del 40 % la degradación de HTP, compuestos saturados y aromáticos. En las parcelas el incremento de la degradación de HTP y compuestos aromáticos fue de 33 a 34 %, mientras que la de GA alcanzó 86.5 %. La aplicación de ramnolípidos incrementa la biodegradación de hidrocarburos sin provocar efectos tóxicos en el ecosistema.
Mechanistic insights into the biochemical and pharmacological profile of esculetin
Authors: Garg Sourbh Suren , Gupta Jeena , Sahu Debasis , Liu Chuan Ju
Published: August 2022

Esculetin is a coumarin compound, which belongs to the class of benzopyrone enriched in various plants such as Sonchus grandifolius, Aesculus turbinata, and many others. Glycosides and caffeic acid conjugates are the common forms of esculetin present in medicinal plants. Esculetin acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hepatic, and anti-cancer agent by inhibiting the production of free radicals, inflammatory mediators, and genes that cause liver diseases and cancer. It also aids in the regulation of blood sugar. Scientists developing pharmaceutical formulations require some rationale and preliminary studies for drug design, but a small number of clinical studies on humans containing esculetin limit its potential for use as a safe alternative drug. Therefore, in this review article, the published studies have been reviewed to identify the pathogenesis of cancer, oxidative stress, inflammation, arthritis, diabetes and fatty liver along with the discussion on potential therapeutic strategies of esculetin. Advancements in our understanding of these diseases will aid in the development of new and innovative medications for treating many ailments. In conclusion, esculetin has immense potential to be used as a safe drug against many diseases but requires further testing and confirmation through clinical trials.
Impact of Using Extension Services of Organic Fertilizers for Carbon Sequestration in China: Evolutionary Game Analysis on Local Governments and Farmers' Behavioral Strategies
Authors: Zhang Qiang
Published: August 2022

The application of organic fertilizers plays a crucial role in achieving carbon sequestration in the agricultural sector. This paper discusses how farmers can more smoothly promote organic fertilizer extension services. An evolutionary game model is developed to describe the conflicting interests of Chinese farmers and local governments in organic fertilizer extension services, and the dynamic evolution of the game players and the influence of parameter adjustment on the strategic choices of both parties is presented. In this paper, the game model and the main results are validated with the help of simulation tools, and a sensitivity analysis of the selected parameters is performed. The results show that (1) the implementation of subsidy policy is less helpful for organic fertilizer extension services; (2) The ideal event probability of the game was found to be positively related to the cost of applying inorganic fertilizers, additional benefits to farmers, political returns to local governments, and penalties for not using organic fertilizers; (3) This is important for improving the performance of local governments, reducing government regulatory costs, improving policy support for organic fertilizer extension services, and reducing the cost of implementing organic fertilizer extension services.
A Look to Model of Society and Teams Development based on Initial Formation, Primary, Adaptable, Information, and Creative Society Patterns
Authors: Gakh Dmitriy
Published: August 2022

There are different Maturity, Motivation, and Development models. The models can be applied to the development of organizations, businesses, information technology infrastructure, human resources, and so on. This paper discusses society patterns that can be used in modeling society and team development. The model discussed has many advantages over existing ones. It assumes the Age of Creativity and the Creative Society Pattern as the upmost level of development. The patterns are juxtaposed with the 16 levels Simple Learning Motivation Hierarchy Model that allow modeling of dynamic processes with Expansion and Totality as the upmost levels. This approach eliminates the limitations of existing models and allows detailed modeling and planning. Explanation of the future development of humanity (up to the Age of Creativity) is one of the advantages of the model. The paper contains the description of the main peculiarities of society patterns and creates a basis for practical implementation of the model for society and team development. Organizations and teams can benefit from this model through its implementation in consulting and coaching processes. The model can be used in regional/organizational development and investment planning.
Zero Hunger by 2030 – Are We on Track? Climate Variability and Change Impacts on Food Security in Africa
Authors: Mumuni Sulemana , Aleer Machol Joseph
Published: August 2022

According to the World Food Programme (WFP), the projected increase in the human population stood at 2 billion people by 2050. At the same time, world food production is witnessing a declining trend over recent years, and 690 million (8.9%) of the world's population are already in severe hunger. Climate variability and change impacts on food security are very eminent today. For this reason, this study explored the real effects of climate variability and change on food security in Africa by applying the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), and the Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) estimators on data from 2001-2018 for 38 selected African countries. The findings reveal that a higher amount of precipitation positively influences food security along two dimensions (food availability and utilization). Hotter temperatures negatively impact food availability and utilization. However, it aids food accessibility in Africa. Similarly, carbon dioxide emissions improve food availability and are harmful to food accessibility and food utilization in Africa. Consequently, the effects of climate variability and change on food security in Africa are undesirable, putting the continent at risk of food insecurity over the long run. Given these findings, the study made appropriate recommendations for policy directions.