bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascular tortuosity of the internal carotid artery is related to the RNF213 c.14429G > A variant in moyamoya disease
Authors: An Sungjae , Kim Tackeun , Oh Chang Wan , Bang Jae Seung , Lee Si Un , Heo Jaehyuk
Published: June 2019

Recent studies have implicated RNF213 mutations in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD). However, the underlying mechanism of disease development is not fully elucidated. Nonetheless, a possible relationship between vascular morphology and hemodynamics related with MMD has been proposed. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between a variant of RNF213 and the morphology of the internal carotid artery (ICA). We enrolled bilateral MMD patients who had undergone genetic testing for RNF213. Patients were divided into mutant and wild-type groups. Six anatomy-specific three-dimensional coordinates were collected using magnetic-resonance angiography. From these, five vectors between two adjacent points and four angles between two adjacent vectors were calculated. The tortuosity was defined as the ratio between the actual and the linear length of the ICAs. Among 58 patients, 44 and 14 belonged to the mutant and wild-type groups, respectively. The tortuosity of ICAs was significantly lower in the mutant group (p = 0.010). The change in blood flow direction was more prominent in the wild-type group (p = 0.002). The tortuosity was significantly lower in MMD patients than normal controls (p < 0.001). Our results indicate that RNF213 could play a role in the lower tortuosity observed in patients with RNF213 mutation.
A six-months study on Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) based diets in zebrafish
Authors: Zarantoniello Matteo , Randazzo Basilio , Truzzi Cristina , Giorgini Elisabetta , Marcellucci Claudia , Vargas-Abúndez Jorge Arturo , Zimbelli Andrea , Annibaldi Anna , Parisi Giuliana , Tulli Francesca , Riolo Paola , Olivotto Ike
Published: June 2019

Intensive fish farming relies on the use of feeds based on fish meal and oil as optimal ingredients; however, further development of the aquaculture sector needs new, nutritious and sustainable ingredients. According to the concept of circular economy, insects represent good candidates as aquafeed ingredients since they can be cultured through environmental-friendly, cost-effective farming processes, on by-products/wastes, and many studies have recently been published about their inclusion in fish feed. However, information about the physiological effects of insect-based diets over the whole life cycle of fish is presently missing. At this regard, the present study investigated, for the first time, the effects of Black Soldier Fly based diets (25 and 50% fish meal substitution) administration for a six months period in zebrafish (Danio rerio), from larvae to adults. A multidisciplinary approach, including biometric, biochemical, histological, spectroscopic and molecular analyses was applied. Aside a general reduction in fish growth and lipid steatosis, six-months feeding on Black Soldier Fly based diets did not show major negative effects on zebrafish. Gut histological analysis on intestine samples did not show signs of inflammation and both stress markers and immune response markers did not show significant differences among the experimental groups.
Enzymatic fluorometric assays for quantifying all major phospholipid classes in cells and intracellular organelles
Authors: Tsuji Tokuji , Morita Shin-ya , Ikeda Yoshito , Terada Tomohiro
Published: June 2019

Cell membrane phospholipids regulate various biological functions. We previously reported enzymatic fluorometric methods for quantifying phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin. In the present report, a new enzymatic fluorometric assay was developed for quantifying phosphatidylinositol. These simple, sensitive and high-throughput methods enabled us to quantify all major phospholipid classes in cultured cells and intracellular organelles. By conducting comprehensive quantitative analyses of major phospholipid classes, we demonstrated that the contents of phospholipid classes in HEK293 cells changed with cell density and that overexpression of phosphatidylinositol synthase or CDP-diacylglycerol synthase significantly affected the phospholipid compositions of microsomal and mitochondrial membranes. These enzymatic fluorometric assays for measuring all major phospholipid classes may be applicable to tissues, fluids, lipoproteins, extracellular vesicles and intracellular organelles of many organisms and will further our understanding of cellular, physiological and pathological processes.
Enlarged representation of peripersonal space in pregnancy
Authors: Cardini Flavia , Fatemi-Ghomi Natalie , Gajewska-Knapik Katarzyna , Gooch Victoria , Aspell Jane Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

Our ability to maintain a coherent bodily self despite continuous changes within and outside our body relies on the highly flexible multisensory representation of the body, and of the space surrounding it: the peripersonal space (PPS). The aim of our study was to investigate whether during pregnancy - when extremely rapid changes in body size and shape occur - a likewise rapid plastic reorganization of the neural representation of the PPS occurs. We used an audio-tactile integration task to measure the PPS boundary at different stages of pregnancy. We found that in the second trimester of pregnancy and postpartum women did not show differences in their PPS size as compared to the control group (non-pregnant women). However, in the third trimester the PPS was larger than the controls’ PPS and the shift between representation of near and far space was more gradual. We therefore conclude that during pregnancy the brain adapts to the sudden bodily changes, by expanding the representation of the space around the body. This may represent a mechanism to protect the vulnerable abdomen from injury from surrounding objects.
A dual-responsive probe for detecting cellular hypoxia using 19F magnetic resonance and fluorescence
Authors: Kadakia Rahul T. , Xie Da , Martinez Daniel , Yu Meng , Que Emily L.
Published: June 2019

A Cu2+ complex for bimodal imaging of cellular hypoxia using 19F magnetic resonance and fluorescence.
The mechanism of structural changes and crystallization kinetics of amorphous red phosphorus to black phosphorus under high pressure
Authors: Xiang Heng , Nie Yuting , Zheng Hechuang , Sun Xuhui , Sun Xueliang , Song Yang
Published: June 2019

Revealing the untraditional crystallization mechanism of amorphous red phosphorus to black phosphorus under high pressure.
Quaternary semiconductor Ba8Zn4Ga2S15 featuring unique one-dimensional chains and exhibiting desirable yellow emission
Authors: Li Yan-Yan , Liu Peng-Fei , Lin Hua , Wu Li-Ming , Wu Xin-Tao , Zhu Qi-Long
Published: June 2019

Yellow emissive Ba8Zn4Ga2S15, as the first example exhibiting a unique 1D chain structure in the quaternary X/Zn/Ga/Q system, was discovered.
Co(ii)/Cu(ii)-cocatalyzed oxidative C–H/N–H functionalization of benzamides with ketones: a facile route to isoindolin-1-ones
Authors: Zhou Xi , Xu Hongyan , Yang Qiaodan , Chen Hua , Wang Shoufeng , Zhao Huaiqing
Published: June 2019

Co/Cu-cocatalyzed oxidative C–H/N–H annulation of amides with ketones is developed to synthesize isoindolin-1-ones.
A multifunctional self-healing G-PyB/KCl hydrogel: smart conductive, rapid room-temperature phase-selective gelation, and ultrasensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Li Jingjing , Wei Hongliang , Peng Yu , Geng Lifang , Zhu Limin , Cao Xiao-Yu , Liu Chun-Sen , Pang Huan
Published: June 2019

A self-healing conductive G-PyB/KCl hydrogel exhibited rapid room-temperature phase-selective gelation capacity and ultrasensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein.
Fluorescence proximity assay based on a metal–organic framework platform
Authors: Zhang Guangyao , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Xueji
Published: June 2019

A novel fluorescence proximity assay (FPA) based on a metal–organic framework (MOF) platform was developed for target protein detection.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed β-addition of enals to 3-alkylenyloxindoles: synthesis of oxindoles with all-carbon quaternary stereocenters
Authors: Zhang Chun-Lin , Han You-Feng , Ye Song
Published: June 2019

3,3-Disubstituted oxindoles were synthesized by the diastereo- and enantioselective NHC-catalyzed β-addition of enals to 3-alkylenyloxindoles.
Using ligands to control reactivity, size and phase in the colloidal synthesis of WSe2 nanocrystals
Authors: Geisenhoff Jessica Q. , Tamura Ashley K. , Schimpf Alina M.
Published: June 2019

Colloidal synthesis enables size- and phase-tuning of WSe2 nanocrystals.
Ordered mesoporous silver superstructures with SERS hot spots
Authors: Wu Xiaotong , Fan Xiaokun , Yin Zhen , Liu Yanjun , Zhao Jing , Quan Zewei
Published: June 2019

Ordered mesoporous silver superstructures have been fabricated via the combination of nanoparticle assembly and thermal induced nanoparticle attachment. These superstructures exhibit high-density LSPR “hot spots” at the ordered mesopore sites.
Retracted Article: Molybdenum-silver co-catalyzed cycloaddition of alkynes with N-isocyanoiminotriphenylphosphorane (NIITP): an efficient strategy for the synthesis of monosubstituted pyrazoles
Authors: Mi Pengbing , Lang Jiajia , Lin Shaojian
Published: June 2019

A highly efficient synthesis of monosubstituted pyrazoles from alkynes and N-isocyanoiminotriphenylphosphorane (NITTP) is developed via molybdenum-silver co-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition.
Converting Mn/Al layered double hydroxide anion exchangers into cation exchangers by topotactic reactions using alkali metal sulfate solutions
Authors: Sotiles Anne Raquel , Wypych Fernando
Published: June 2019

Layered double hydroxides [Mn2Al(OH)6](An−)x/n·yH2O (An− = Cl− or NO3−) were exchanged with Na2SO4 and cationic/anionic exchangers [Mn6Al3(OH)18](SO4,NaSO4) were obtained.
Nanoceria decorated flower-like molybdenum sulphide nanoflakes: an efficient nanozyme for tumour selective ROS generation and photo thermal therapy
Authors: Murugan Chandran , Murugan Nagaraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok K. , Sundaramurthy Anandhakumar
Published: June 2019

Nanoceria decorated flower-like MoS2 nanoflakes as a nanozyme for cancer photothermal therapy.
Selective RNA interference and gene silencing using reactive oxygen species-responsive lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Liang Chunjing , Chang Jin , Jiang Ying , Liu Ji , Mao Lanqun , Wang Ming
Published: June 2019

The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive thioketal group into lipids nanoparticles enables the efficient delivery of siRNA into cells, and selectively cancer cell gene expression silencing in response to the high level of intracellular ROS in cancer cells.
X-ray diffraction study on the orientation dynamics of biaxial microcrystals under static and rotating magnetic fields
Authors: Kimura F. , Horii S. , Arimoto I. , Notsu D. , Doi T. , Wada M. , Kimura T.
Published: June 2019

The orientation of microcrystals of DyBa2Cu3Oy (y ~ 7) under static and rotating magnetic fields was studied.
Chirality in Au9 clusters protected by chiral/achiral mixed bidentate phosphine ligands: influence of the metal core and ligand array
Authors: Sato Yasuhiko , Mitani Masaki , Yao Hiroshi
Published: June 2019

Modulation of chiroptical activity in Au9 clusters by mixed-diphosphine ligation is associated with the difference in the degree of chirality of the cluster core.
Room temperature ferromagnetic properties of In2S3 nanoparticles regulated by doping with Gd ions
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhang Hongpeng , Zhao Qi , Lu Qing , Zhu Mingming , Zhang Mingzhe
Published: June 2019

Gd-Doped In2S3 nanoparticles, with sizes of 3–5 nm, were synthesized, which demonstrated enhanced room-temperature ferromagnetism.
Aggregation-induced emission enhancement and reversible mechanochromic luminescence of quinoline-based zinc(ii)–Schiff base complexes
Authors: Qiao Di , Wang Jin-Yun , Zhang Li-Yi , Dai Feng-Rong , Chen Zhong-Ning
Published: June 2019

Conveniently synthesized quinoline-based zinc(ii)–Schiff base complexes exhibit remarkable aggregation-induced emission enhancement and reversible mechanochromic luminescence.
Eicosapentaenoic acid in the form of phospholipids exerts superior anti-atherosclerosis effects to its triglyceride form in ApoE−/−mice
Authors: Zhang Ling-Yu , Ding Lin , Shi Hao-Hao , Xu Jie , Xue Chang-Hu , Zhang Tian-Tian , Wang Yu-Ming
Published: June 2019

EPA-PL was superior to EPA-TG in reducing lesion progression by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and decreasing inflammation in the artery wall and circulatory system, which might be attributed to the structural differences at the sn-3 position.
Cellulolytic enzyme-aided extraction of hemicellulose from switchgrass and its characteristics
Authors: Ding Jinhua , Yoo Chang Geun , Pu Yunqiao , Meng Xianzhi , Bhagia Samarthya , Yu Chongwen , Ragauskas Arthur J.
Published: June 2019

To further increase the potential applications of hemicellulose, an eco-friendly promising protocol was introduced to isolate hemicellulose from switchgrass.
Metal-free imidazolium hydrogen carbonate ionic liquids as bifunctional catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of cyclic carbonates from olefins and CO2
Authors: Liu Jia , Yang Guoqiang , Liu Ying , Wu Dongsheng , Hu Xingbang , Zhang Zhibing
Published: June 2019

A direct route for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from olefins and CO2 has been achieved by using imidazolium hydrogen carbonate ionic liquids as bifunctional catalysts in the absence of a solvent.
Neutral and ion composition of laser produced lithium plasma plume in front and back ablation of thin film
Authors: Mondal Alamgir , Singh R. K. , Joshi H. C.
Published: June 2019

We report detailed comprehensive compositional analysis of the evolution of lithium plasma in back and front ablation geometries.
Traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAW) microfluidic fluorescence activated cell sorter (μFACS)
Authors: Mutafopulos K. , Spink P. , Lofstrom C. D. , Lu P. J. , Lu H. , Sharpe J. C. , Franke T. , Weitz D. A.
Published: June 2019

We report a microfluidic fluorescence activated cell-sorting (μFACS) device that employs traveling surface acoustic waves (TSAW) to sort cells at rates comparable to conventional jet-in-air FACS machines, with high purity and viability.
Crystallization of high aspect ratio HKUST-1 thin films in nanoconfined channels for selective small molecule uptake
Authors: Guthrie Stephanie , Huelsenbeck Luke , Salahi Armita , Varhue Walter , Smith Natalie , Yu Xiaohan , Yoon Lucy U. , Choi Joshua J. , Swami Nathan , Giri Gaurav
Published: June 2019

High aspect ratio HKUST-1 MOF crystals are formed in a nanofluidic device, and utilized for selective molecular uptake.
Interstitial N-doped SrSnO3 perovskite: structural design, modification and photocatalytic degradation of dyes
Authors: Zhang Xinhua , Liu Anjie , Cao Yali , Xie Jing , Jia Wei , Jia Dianzeng
Published: June 2019

An easy-to-manipulate, two-step, solid-state synthetic method was adopted to incorporate N element into the SrSnO3 perovskite for structural modification, which improved its photocatalytic performance.
A ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for the convenient monitoring of hydrogen sulfide concentration by the dual fluorescence fluctuation mode of two distinct emission bands in living cells and zebrafish
Authors: Yang Yunzhen , He Longwei , Xu Kaixin , Lin Weiying
Published: June 2019

An interplaying ICT-FRET-based chemosensor with two response sites having differentiated sensitivities to H2S was engineered to conveniently determine the concentration of H2S by the dual fluorescence fluctuation mode of two distinct emission bands.
Fully reversible lithium storage of tin oxide enabled by self-doping and partial amorphization
Authors: Pang Yuepeng , Wang Jing , Yang Junhe , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Zheng Shiyou
Published: June 2019

Self-doping and partial amorphization lead to a full reversibility of SnO2 by suppressing the agglomeration of Sn during cycling.
Generation of magnetoelectric photocurrents using toroidal resonances: a new class of infrared plasmonic photodetectors
Authors: Ahmadivand Arash , Gerislioglu Burak , Ramezani Zeinab
Published: June 2019

The detection of photons by plasmonic subwavelength devices underpins spectroscopy, low-power wavelength division multiplexing for short-distance optical communication, imaging, and time-gated distance measurements.
Predictive design of polymer molecular weight distributions in anionic polymerization
Authors: Domanskyi Sergii , Gentekos Dillon T. , Privman Vladimir , Fors Brett P.
Published: June 2019

Polymer molecular weight distributions are targeted through kinetic modeled with high fidelity based on the temporal control of chain initiation in anionic polymerizations.
Synthesis of a novel magnetic Caragana korshinskii biochar/Mg–Al layered double hydroxide composite and its strong adsorption of phosphate in aqueous solutions
Authors: Cui Qingliang , Jiao Gaojie , Zheng Jiyong , Wang Tongtong , Wu Gaolin , Li Gaoliang
Published: June 2019

This study describes an optimized two-step electro-assisted modification process for the preparation of biochar modified with Fe3O4 and Mg–Al layered double hydroxide.
Highly malleable haem-binding site of the haemoprotein HasA permits stable accommodation of bulky tetraphenylporphycenes
Authors: Sakakibara Erika , Shisaka Yuma , Onoda Hiroki , Koga Daiki , Xu Ning , Ono Toshikazu , Hisaeda Yoshio , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Shiro Yoshitsugu , Watanabe Yoshihito , Shoji Osami
Published: June 2019

Bulky metallo-tetraphenylporphycene was successfully incorporated into haemophore HasA which have flexible loops surrounding heme-binding site.
Improved synthesis of concave cubic gold nanoparticles and their applications for Raman analysis of surfaces
Authors: Krajczewski Jan , Kędziora Mateusz , Kołątaj Karol , Kudelski Andrzej
Published: June 2019

In this contribution, we present a modification of the procedure for producing concave cubic gold (cc-Au) nanoparticles; this modification significantly increases the homogeneity of the product obtained.
PEGylated polyvinylidene fluoride membranesviagrafting from a graphene oxide additive for improving permeability and antifouling properties
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhang Yan , Zhang Jialu , Zhu Lijing , Zhao Haichao
Published: June 2019

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) porous membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity and antifouling performance were developedviasurface PEGylation (PEG, polyethylene glycol)viaa reactive graphene oxide (GO) additive.
A Janus-inspired amphichromatic system that kills two birds with one stone for operating a “DNA Janus Logic Pair” (DJLP) library
Authors: Fan Daoqing , Wang Juan , Wang Erkang , Dong Shaojun
Published: June 2019

Inspired by the myth of Janus, we proposed the concept of DNA Janus Logic Pair (DJLP) and constructed the first amphichromatic system that kills two birds with one stone for operating a multifunctional DJLP library.
A nano-cocktail of an NIR-II emissive fluorophore and organoplatinum(ii) metallacycle for efficient cancer imaging and therapy
Authors: Ding Feng , Chen Zhao , Kim Won Young , Sharma Amit , Li Chonglu , Ouyang Qingying , Zhu Hua , Yang Guangfu , Sun Yao , Kim Jong Seung
Published: June 2019

A novel NIR-II theranostic nanoprobe, PSY (∼110 nm), was concisely developed, which demonstrated excellent photostability, high tumor uptake, superior S/N ratios and more efficient cancer treatment with minimal side effects than cisplatin.
Poynting effect of brain matter in torsion
Authors: Balbi Valentina , Trotta Antonia , Destrade Michel , Ní Annaidh Aisling
Published: June 2019

We investigate experimentally and model theoretically the mechanical behaviour of brain matter in torsion.
Iron–zinc sulfide Fe2Zn3S5/Fe1−xS@C derived from a metal–organic framework as a high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zheng Jun-chao , Yao Ying-ying , Mao Gao-qiang , Chen He-zhang , Li Hui , Cao Liang , Ou Xing , Yu Wan-jing , Ding Zhi-ying , Tong Hui
Published: June 2019

Bimetallic sulfides deliver redox reactions and provide a buffer effect during electrochemical reactions. Meanwhile, carbon cage could improve electrical conductivity and prevent the dissolution of polysulfide intermediates.
Tungsten-doped Ni–Co phosphides with multiple catalytic sites as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting
Authors: Lu Shan-Shan , Zhang Li-Ming , Dong Yi-Wen , Zhang Jia-Qi , Yan Xin-Tong , Sun De-Fan , Shang Xiao , Chi Jing-Qi , Chai Yong-Ming , Dong Bin
Published: June 2019

The design of electrocatalysts including precious and nonprecious metals for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media remains challenging due to the sluggish reaction kinetics caused by the additional water dissociation step.
Introducing pyridyl into electron transport materials plays a key role in improving electron mobility and interface properties for inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhu Rui , Li Quan-Song , Li Ze-Sheng
Published: June 2019

Introducing pyridyl into TDTP leads to higher electron mobility and stronger MAPbI3/ETM interface interactions.
Cathode interfacial layer-free all small-molecule solar cells with efficiency over 12%
Authors: Wu Hao , Yue Qihui , Zhou Zichun , Chen Shanshan , Zhang Dongyang , Xu Shengjie , Zhou Huiqiong , Yang Changduk , Fan Haijun , Zhu Xiaozhang
Published: June 2019

Efficient cathode interfacial layer-free organic solar cells are achieved, which deliver a power conversion efficiency of 12.3%.
A thermo-sensitive, injectable and biodegradable in situ hydrogel as a potential formulation for uveitis treatment
Authors: Zou Mengwei , Jin Rongrong , Hu Yanfei , Zhang Ying , Wang Haibo , Liu Gongyan , Nie Yu , Wang Yunbing
Published: June 2019

The thermo-sensitive hydrogels with high drug loading rate achieved sustained drug release over 2 weeks. Histopathological examination of retina confirmed the excellent biocompatibility and effective anti-inflammatory property of the hydrogel.
Fullerene-free polymer solar cells enabled with a PhI-based wide band gap donor polymer: promoting efficienciesviaacceptor screening and device engineering
Authors: Meng Huifeng , Li Yongchun , Pang Bo , Li Yuqing , Zhan Chuanlang , Huang Jianhua
Published: June 2019

Using a wide band gap polymer based on PhI, the enhanced efficiency of 10.17% was obtained by judicious acceptor screening and device optimization.
Towards high performance solution-processed orange organic light-emitting devices: precisely-adjusting properties of Ir(iii) complexes by reasonably engineering the asymmetric configuration with second functionalized cyclometalating ligands
Authors: Sun Yuanhui , Yang Xiaolong , Liu Boao , Dang Jingshuang , Li Yan , Zhou Guijiang , Wu Zhaoxin , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: June 2019

By reasonably engineering the asymmetric configuration with purposely selected second ligands, the complex SIrB exhibits outstanding electroluminescence performance with peak EQE, CE, and PE of 23.2%, 66.5 cd A−1, and 56.0 lm W−1, respectively.
Perception Versus Performance of Swallow Function in Residents of Long-Term Care
Authors: Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M. , Steele Catriona M. , Keller Heather H.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine if older adults residing in long-term care were able to accurately self-report their swallowing status by comparing subjective complaints of dysphagia and objective methods of swallowing screening.

Method

Data were collected from 397 residents of long-term care (
M
age
= 86.8 years ± 7.8; 263 female). Cognitive impairment scores were collected, and each resident was asked (a) if they thought they had a swallowing problem, (b) if they coughed/choked when they ate, and (c) if they coughed/choked when they drank. These responses were compared to results of a swallowing screening tool and mealtime observations of coughing and choking.

Results

Residents who reported swallowing difficulties (10%,
n
= 41) were 8 times more likely to fail the swallowing screening (
p
< .001); however, 80% of residents who failed the swallowing screening did not previously report that swallowing was an issue. There was no significant association between self-reports of coughing and choking at meals and observations. There was no difference in level of cognition between residents who accurately reported swallowing status and those who were inaccurate.

Conclusions

Residents are largely unable to accurately self-report swallowing difficulties and also have difficulty accurately reporting incidences of coughing and choking. These findings suggest that concerted efforts are required to implement regular, formal swallowing screening protocols in long-term care to objectively identify those at risk.
The Use of Dynamic Assessment for the Diagnosis of Language Disorders in Bilingual Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Orellana Carla I. , Wada Rebekah , Gillam Ronald B.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Dynamic assessment (DA) has generally been accepted and recommended for use with bilingual children; however, no meta-analysis or systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy for language impairment within this population exists. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the current use of DA and its diagnostic accuracy for language impairment in bilingual children.

Method

Through a key word search of PsycINFO, ERIC, Academic Search Premier, and MEDLINE via EBSCOhost, 7 studies were identified. Participants ranged from 3 to 8 years old. Areas of language addressed through DA included labeling single words, morpheme rule learning, ability to learn nonwords, and narratives. Study results were analyzed with respect to diagnostic accuracy, participant modifiability, and methodological quality.

Results

Overall, participants with typically developing language received higher scores on the language assessments used in DA studies compared to participants with a language impairment. Gain scores were generally not useful for differentiating between children who did or did not have language impairments. However, clinician judgments of modifiability during the teaching phase of DA consistently yielded significant group effects favoring the typically developing children. Across the 7 studies, sensitivity and specificity were reasonably high, with all studies meeting or close to meeting the set criteria (≥ 0.8).

Conclusion

Suggestive evidence supports the use of DA for diagnosing language disorders in bilingual children. However, limitations in the methodological quality of the studies that were reviewed could have resulted in inflated diagnostic accuracy and decreased validity.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8232926
Time-Gated Word Recognition in Children: Effects of Auditory Access, Age, and Semantic Context
Authors: Walker Elizabeth A. , Kessler David , Klein Kelsey , Spratford Meredith , Oleson Jacob J. , Welhaven Anne , McCreery Ryan W.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

We employed a time-gated word recognition task to investigate how children who are hard of hearing (CHH) and children with normal hearing (CNH) combine cognitive–linguistic abilities and acoustic–phonetic cues to recognize words in sentence-final position.

Method

The current study included 40 CHH and 30 CNH in 1st or 3rd grade. Participants completed vocabulary and working memory tests and a time-gated word recognition task consisting of 14 high- and 14 low-predictability sentences. A time-to-event model was used to evaluate the effect of the independent variables (age, hearing status, predictability) on word recognition. Mediation models were used to examine the associations between the independent variables (vocabulary size and working memory), aided audibility, and word recognition.

Results

Gated words were identified significantly earlier for high-predictability than low-predictability sentences. First-grade CHH and CNH showed no significant difference in performance. Third-grade CHH needed more information than CNH to identify final words. Aided audibility was associated with word recognition. This association was fully mediated by vocabulary size but not working memory.

Conclusions

Both CHH and CNH benefited from the addition of semantic context. Interventions that focus on consistent aided audibility and vocabulary may enhance children's ability to fill in gaps in incoming messages.
Phase‐interpolator‐based glitch‐free fractional frequency divider with track‐and‐hold technique
Authors: Wang Keping , Zhou Tongxuan , Zhang Hao , Qiu Lei
Published: June 2019

This Letter presents an 8‐bit fractional frequency divider by utilising current‐mode phase interpolator (PI) for digital phase‐locked loops. A novel track‐and‐hold circuitry is proposed between the PI and divide‐by‐2. It can remove the glitches generated by the current‐interpolation structure. This method also relaxes the requirement of the minimum input frequency, while maintaining the same output frequency. The proposed fractional frequency divider is designed and fabricated with a 65‐nm CMOS technology. It dissipates a DC power of 0.8 mW from a 1.2 V supply. The measurement result shows that the fractional frequency divider achieves an uncalibrated in‐band spur of −43 dBc.
Defense against unknown broadband jammer for time‐critical operation in smart grid
Authors: Ghosh Saptarshi , Bhatnagar Manav R. , Panigrahi Bijaya K.
Published: June 2019

In this work, the authors consider the communication network of a power substation, where multiple intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) transmit their delay sensitive control and monitoring messages to a common receiver over a wireless network; in the presence of a broadband jammer, which is capable of jamming multiple channels simultaneously. The objective of the IEDs is to successfully transmit their messages within a specified time, whereas the jammer wants to obstruct IED's transmission. A novel utility function is designed for the players, that addresses the time‐critical nature of communication. Due to the conflicting interest of the IEDs and the jammer, they model the interaction between them as a repeated Bayesian zero‐sum game, which also addresses the repeated interaction among the IEDs and the jammer, and the unavailability of exact information about the jammer. The equilibrium strategies for both the scenarios of perfect and imperfect monitoring are derived and verified through simulation results. Further, the performance of the proposed game model in various scenarios is thoroughly compared in the result section. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed defence strategies is tested in a practical communication network of a power substation under jamming, which is simulated in Optimised Network Engineering Tool (OPNET).
Physical layer secrecy performance of multiple antennas transmission with partial legitimate user CSI
Authors: Bao Tingnan , Yang Hong‐Chuan , Hasna Mazen O.
Published: June 2019

Conventional beamforming transmission techniques can enhance physical layer secrecy performance while requiring the full channel state information (CSI) of legitimate users and even that of eavesdroppers at the transmitter. However, providing full CSI of legitimate users at the transmitter can be challenging in practice. Thus, it is of considerable interest to enhance secrecy performance with partial CSI of legitimate users at the transmitter. Random unitary beamforming (RUB) is a low‐complexity multiple antennas transmission scheme requiring limited CSI. In this study, the authors investigate the secrecy performance of RUB transmission over multiple‐input single‐output single‐eavesdropper and multiuser multiple‐input multiple‐output single‐eavesdropper channels. They also propose a novel RUB‐based artificial noise (AN) method for multiple antennas communication system. They derive the closed‐form expressions of the exact and the asymptotic ergodic secrecy rate and the secrecy outage probability for these transmission scenarios. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the trade‐off between performance and complexity of the resulting physical layer security design. They show that the deployment of RUB and RUB‐based AN offers an attractive solution for enhancing the security of wireless transmission systems.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for containment control of heterogeneous linear multi‐agent systems with fixed time delay
Authors: Asgari Mostafa , Atrianfar Hajar
Published: June 2019

The containment problem of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems with fixed time delay under directed network is considered for both continuous‐time and discrete‐time multi‐agent systems. Leaders and followers have different dynamics, modelled by double‐integrator and single‐integrator, respectively. It is also assumed that all leaders are stationary. Unlike the current approach in the literature which utilises LMIs to derive sufficient condition for containment reaching, the authors employ Laplace transform/Z ‐transform and final value theorem to obtain the necessary and sufficient condition which guarantees the containment of follower agents in the presence of communication delays. This approach gives the exact maximum allowed time delay, which is larger than the bound obtained by previous approaches. This study also proposes a noble reduced‐order dynamic method, by adding virtual agents, in order to use final value theorem for stability analysis in the presence of heterogeneity in the network. In the end, to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results, simulation examples are provided.
Artificial bee colony algorithm with generating neighbourhood solution for large scale coloured traveling salesman problem
Authors: Dong Xueshi , Lin Qing , Xu Min , Cai Yongle
Published: June 2019

Coloured travelling salesman problem (CTSP) is an extended model of multiple travelling salesman problems (MTSPs), as one kind of problem in combination optimisation problems, which has been applied to many real‐world planning problems such as multi‐machine engineering system (MES). Population‐based algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm are only used to solve small‐ or medium‐scale cases in which the city number is <2000. Furthermore, in term of the convergence speed and solution quality, their performances have further improvement space. Since many real‐world problems can be modelled by large‐scale CTSP, it is necessary to study better algorithms to solve large‐scale CTSP. Since artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) can show good performance in solving combination optimisation problems, and therefore this study applied improved ABC algorithms to solve large‐scale CTSP. The modified ABC algorithms use generating neighbourhood solution (GNS) to improve ABC for this problem, two limitation and optimisation conditions are applied into GNS during the process of reinserting cities. The extensive experiments verify that the improved algorithms can demonstrate better solution quality than the compared algorithms for large‐scale CTSP.
Localised spoof surface plasmon‐based sensor for omni‐directional cracks detection in metal surfaces
Authors: Xie Zipeng , Wang Gang , Sun Liguo , Li Yongjie , Cao Rui
Published: June 2019

This study proposes a highly sensitive sensor based on localised spoof surface plasmons (LSSPs) for omni‐directional cracks inspection in metal surfaces. A defected ground structure based on the complementary metallic spiral structure (CMSS) is embedded on the ground of a microstrip line to excite LSSPs, and the mode characteristics of these LSSPs are studied. Then an equivalent lumped circuit method is presented to reveal the operation mechanisms behind the trapped LSSPs. Due to the strong field confinement, LSSPs are used as a sensor to inspect cracks in a metal surface, where a 0.2‐mm‐wide and 2‐mm‐deep crack yields a 400 MHz resonance frequency shift. Meanwhile, a big resonance frequency shift is also obtained for omni‐directional detection of surface cracks because of the rotational symmetry of the CMSS. It indicates that the proposed sensor is orientation independent, so that any cracks would not be missed in the testing and cracks would be located more easily. Therefore, the proposed sensor has more potentials than other sensors in actual practice.
High selectivity and common‐mode suppression balanced bandpass filter with TM dual‐mode SIW cavity
Authors: Deng Hong‐wei , Sun Liang , Xue Yi‐fan , Liu Fei , Xu Tao
Published: June 2019

Here, a compact balanced bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity and good common‐mode (CM) suppression is proposed by adopting the TM dual‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. The SIW cavity is connected to the input and output by the way of microstrip‐slotline transition. Under differential‐mode (DM) operation, two TM modes (TM120, TM210) of the SIW cavity can be effectively excited, and simultaneously two transmission zeros (TZs) can be generated near the passband edges. Meanwhile, by designing the rotation angle and size of coupling slots reasonably, the deep stopband performance can be realised over a wide frequency range. Furthermore, the CM signal is effectively rejected because the magnetic current cannot be transferred to the coupling slot from the virtual open‐ended microstrip feedline. Finally, a compact balanced BPF prototype for WLAN application has been designed and fabricated. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained.
Interharmonics in PV systems: a review of analysis and estimation methods; considerations for selection of an apt method
Authors: Ravindran Vineetha , Rönnberg Sarah K. , Bollen Math H.J.
Published: June 2019

A comprehensive reviewing of existing interharmonic analysis and estimation methodologies irrespective of application is carried out. This study is enlisting the characteristics of an appropriate method to analyse and estimate interharmonics in photovoltaic (PV) systems, and linking these characteristics with the features of the reviewed methodologies. The distinctive characteristics of interharmonic emissions related to PV systems are, therefore, presented. The various methodologies are classified, summarised, and a checklist is prepared to emphasise the areas to be paid attention to while establishing an apt method for interharmonic analysis in PV systems. The priorities for selection of a method by a practising engineer vary case by case. This study will serve as a guideline for selection and further development of a suitable method for interharmonic analysis in a PV‐included power system.
Efficient frequency regulation in highly penetrated power systems by renewable energy sources using stochastic fractal optimiser
Authors: El‐Hameed Mohamed A. , Elkholy Mahmoud M. , El‐Fergany Attia A.
Published: June 2019

The study proposes efficient controllers to regulate frequency in highly penetrated power systems by renewable energy sources. Frequency controllers for variable speed wind turbines are designed to extract the stored energy in rotating masses, and efficiently regulate the pitch angle for frequency support. A temporary fast participation of storage battery incorporated with photovoltaic sources is provided via auxiliary controller. Controllers' fine tuning is realised by using stochastic fractal optimiser (SFO). The integral time absolute error in area frequency and tie line power represents the adapted objective function subjects to set of constraints. The performance assessments are carried out in three phases: (i) at initial stage, the secondary control is disabled and impact of wind penetration level on frequency nadir and frequency deviations are investigated, (ii) coordinated inertia/energy storage control is demonstrated, and (iii) finally, robustness analysis is made considering system parametric variations and real weather data. The proposed control strategy is verified by simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. The drawn numerical results by the SFO are compared with those achieved by genetic algorithm and the built‐in controller tuner in SIMULINK. Performance assessments, comparative study along with robustness analysis of the SFO results confirm its viability and effectiveness.
Polytropic state of the intracluster medium in the X-COP cluster sample
Authors: Ghirardini V. , Ettori S. , Eckert D. , Molendi S.
Published: June 2019

Aims. In this work, we have investigated the relation between the radially resolved thermodynamic quantities of the intracluster medium in the X-COP cluster sample, aiming to assess the stratification properties of the ICM.

Methods. We modeled the relations between radius, gas temperature, density, and pressure using a combination of power-laws, also evaluating the intrinsic scatter in these relations.

Results. We show that the gas pressure is remarkably well correlated to the density, with very small scatter. Also the temperature correlates with gas density with similar scatter. The slopes of these relations have values that show a clear transition from the inner cluster regions to the outskirts. This transition occurs at the radius rt = 0.19(±0.04) R500 and electron density nt = (1.91 ± 0.21) × 10−3 cm−3 E2(z). We find that above 0.2 R500 the radial thermodynamic profiles are accurately reproduced by a well defined and physically motivated framework, where the dark matter follows the NFW potential and the gas is represented by a polytropic equation of state. By modeling the gas temperature dependence upon both the gas density and radius, we propose a new method to reconstruct the hydrostatic mass profile based only on the relatively inexpensive measurement of the gas density profile.
Deuterated methanol toward NGC 7538-IRS1
Authors: Ospina-Zamudio J. , Favre C. , Kounkel M. , Xu L.-H. , Neill J. , Lefloch B. , Faure A. , Bergin E. , Fedele D. , Hartmann L.
Published: June 2019

We investigate the deuteration of methanol towards the high-mass star-forming region NGC 7538-IRS1. We carried out a multi-transition study of CH3OH, 13CH3OH, and the deuterated flavors, CH2DOH and CH3OD, between 1.0 and 1.4 mm with the IRAM-30 m antenna. In total, 34 13CH3OH, 13 CH2DOH lines and 20 CH3OD lines spanning a wide range of upper-state energies (Eup) were detected. From the detected transitions, we estimate that the measured D/H does not exceed 1%, with a measured CH2DOH/CH3OH and CH3OD/CH3OH of about (32 ± 8) × 10−4 and (10 ± 4) × 10−4, respectively. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis of a short-timescale formation during the pre-stellar phase. We find a relative abundance CH2DOH/CH3OD ratio of 3.2 ± 1.5. This result is consistent with a statistical deuteration. We cannot exclude H/D exchanges between water and methanol if water deuteration is of the order 0.1%, as suggested by recent Herschel observations.
Interplanetary flux ropes of any twist distribution
Authors: Vandas M. , Romashets E. P.
Published: June 2019

Context. Recent investigations indicate that the magnetic field configuration in interplanetary flux ropes is in contrast with the common magnetic field models that are used to fit them, namely constant-alpha force-free fields, whose twist increases without limits toward the flux-rope boundary. Therefore, magnetic field configurations with a constant twist are now being employed in fits.

Aims. Real flux ropes have varying twist. Therefore, analytical magnetic field configurations with prescribed twist distributions are searched for in cylindrical geometry.

Methods. Equations for the field solenoidality and for the force-free condition are solved for case when a twist profile is prescribed.

Results. A model of a force-free magnetic field configuration with an arbitrarily given twist distribution in a cylinder and its relative helicity per unit length are presented. It is applied to a core-envelope model recently suggested in studies of twist in magnetic clouds.
The environment of supernova remnant VRO 42.05.01 as probed with IRAM 30m molecular line observations
Authors: Arias M. , Domček V. , Zhou P. , Vink J.
Published: June 2019

Context. The environment of supernova remnants (SNRs) is a key factor in their evolution, particularly at later stages of their existence. Mixed-morphology (MM) SNRs have a peculiar centre-filled X-ray shape that remains enigmatic. It is often assumed that they evolve in very dense environments, and that the X-ray morphology is due to interactions between the SNRs and their surroundings.

Aims. We aim to determine whether VRO 42.05.01 is embedded in, and interacting with, a dense molecular environment. We also aim to understand the multi-wavelength emission from the environment of this SNR, and whether the interstellar material can be responsible for the the MM nature of the source, and for its strange radio and optical shape.

Methods. We used the IRAM telescope in Pico Veleta, Spain, to search for signs of interaction between the SNR and neighbouring molecular clouds. We observed a region of 26′ × 14′ towards the west of VRO 42.05.01 and a region of 8′ × 4′ towards the north of the remnant in the 12CO J = 1−0, 13CO J = 1−0, and 12CO J = 2−1 transitions with the EMIR receiver. We made maps of the properties of the observed molecular clouds (peak temperatures, central velocities, velocity dispersions), as well as maps of column density along the line of sight, and ratio of the 12CO J = 2−1 to 12CO J = 1−0 transitions. We also analyse archival optical, infrared, and radio spectroscopic data for other hints on the nature of the medium.

Results. We do not find conclusive physical proof that the SNR is interacting with the few, clumpy molecular clouds that surround it in the region of our observations, although there is some suggestion of such interaction (in a region outside our map) from infrared emission. We find that there is a velocity gradient in one of the molecular clouds that is consistent with a stellar wind blown by a 12−14 M⊙ progenitor star. We reassess the literature distance to VRO 42.05.01, and propose that it has a local standard of rest velocity of − 6 km s−1, and that it is located 1.0 ± 0.4 kpc away (the earlier distance value was 4.5 ± 1.5 kpc). We find that a dust sheet intersects VRO 42.05.01 and is possibly related to its double shell-shaped morphology.
The case for two-dimensional galaxy–galaxy lensing
Authors: Dvornik Andrej , Zoutendijk S. L. , Hoekstra Henk , Kuijken Konrad
Published: June 2019

We revisit the performance and biases of the two-dimensional approach to galaxy–galaxy lensing. This method exploits the information for the actual positions and ellipticities of source galaxies, rather than using only the ensemble properties of statistically equivalent samples. We compare the performance of this method with the traditionally used one-dimensional tangential shear signal on a set of mock data that resemble the current state-of-the-art weak lensing surveys. We find that under idealised circumstances the confidence regions of joint constraints for the amplitude and scale parameters of the NFW model in the two-dimensional analysis can be more than three times tighter than the one-dimensional results. Moreover, this improvement depends on the lens number density and it is larger for higher densities. We compare the method against the results from the hydrodynamical EAGLE simulation in order to test for possible biases that might arise due to lens galaxies being missed, and find that the method is able to return unbiased estimates of halo masses when compared to the true properties of the EAGLE galaxies. Because of its advantage in high galaxy density areas, the method is especially suitable for studying the properties of satellite galaxies in clusters of galaxies.