bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MULTI-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF MIXED METAPHOR AS A LINGVO-COGNITIVE PHENOMENON (based on the material of the English language)
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Taymour M.P.
Published: November 2020

The present study is devoted to investigating of mixed metaphor as a complex linguistic-cognitive phenomenon, which is analyzed by the author at various levels of abstraction (so called levels of image schemas, domains, frames, and mental spaces). The main aim of this article is to identify the patterns of mixed metaphor and its subtype malaphor meaning formation, where a malaphor is seen as a random or intentional blending of two idioms / aphorisms / clichés. The problem is solved by means of a multilevel analysis of cognitive metaphor [Kövecses 2017, 2019] adapted for the analysis of mixed metaphor. The examination of the process of the meaning formation of mixed metaphor and malaphor allows us to discover that in a mixed metaphor, conceptual metaphors at all considered levels of abstraction, participating in the formation of the constituents of a mixed metaphor, are present in the final mixed metaphor. That is, there takes place the combination of meanings at the levels of image schemas, domains, frames, and mental spaces. In a malaphor, the conceptual metaphors of the original idioms that are present at the levels of image schemas, domains, and frames are preserved in the final blend. However, a conceptual metaphor at the level of mental spaces of the final malaphor differs from the conceptual metaphors that are located at the same level in the original expressions that make up the malaphor. This indicates that the general meaning of such malaphors is presumably not the sum of the meanings of its components, as is the case with a mixed metaphor, which may be considered as a certain regularity of meaning formation in malaphor.
Rapid Colorimetric Detection of Genome Evolution in SCRaMbLEd Synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains
Authors: Wightman Elizabeth L. I. , Kroukamp Heinrich , Pretorius Isak S. , Paulsen Ian T. , Nevalainen Helena K. M.
Published: November 2020

Genome-scale engineering and custom synthetic genomes are reshaping the next generation of industrial yeast strains. The Cre-recombinase mediated chromosomal rearrangement mechanism of designer synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes, known as SCRaMbLE, is a powerful tool which allows rapid genome evolution upon command. This system is able to generate millions of novel genomes with potential valuable phenotypes, but the excessive loss of essential genes often results in poor growth or even the death of cells with useful phenotypes. In this study we expanded the versatility of SCRaMbLE to industrial strains, and evaluated different control measures to optimise genomic rearrangement, whilst limiting cell death. To achieve this, we have developed RED (Rapid Evolution Detection), a simple colorimetric plate-assay procedure to rapidly quantify the degree of genomic rearrangements within a post-SCRaMbLE yeast population. RED-enabled semi-synthetic strains were mated with haploid progeny of industrial yeast strains to produce stress tolerant heterozygous diploid strains. Analysis of these heterozygous strains with the RED-assay, genome sequencing and custom bioinformatics scripts demonstrated a correlation between RED-assay frequencies and physical genomic rearrangements. Here we show that RED is a fast and effective method to evaluate optimal SCRaMbLE induction times of different Cre-recombinse expression systems for the development of industrial strains.
Application of the Bootstrap Method in Data Analysis of Upper Miocene Sandstone Reservoirs of the Western Part of the Sava Depression
Authors: Ivšinović Josip , Malvić Tomislav , Pleše Dubravka
Published: November 2020

In deep geological analysis of data, these are input data that are few and include a small set of data. In a small set of case data, it is necessary to obtain reliable data of individual geological variables from this type of data. The paper analyzes the possibility of applying the bootstrap method on variables that are important in the exploration and production of hydrocarbons. The variables analyzed were the following: porosity and total costs of disposal formation water. The case study was made on the data of reservoir "K", field "B" located in the western part of the Sava Depression. The analysis of the results showed the possibility of applying the bootstrap method in the analysis of deep geological data with the application of three different sizes of resampling dataset.
C-Type Lectin CD209L/L-SIGN and CD209/DC-SIGN: Cell Adhesion Molecules Turned to Pathogen Recognition Receptors
Authors: Rahimi Nader
Published: November 2020

C-type lectin CD209/DC-SIGN and CD209L/L-SIGN proteins are distinct cell adhesion and pathogen recognition receptors that mediate cellular interactions and recognize a wide range of pathogens including, viruses such as SARS, SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Pathogens exploit CD209L family proteins to promote infection and evade the immune recognition system. CD209L and CD209 are widely expressed in SARS-CoV-2 target organs and can contribute to infection and pathogenesis. CD209L family receptors are highly susceptible to alternative splicing and genomic polymorphism, which may influence virus tropism and transmission in vivo. The carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) and the neck/repeat region represent the key features of CD209L family proteins, which are also central for their cellular ligand interactions and pathogen recognition. While, the neck/repeat region is involved in oligomeric dimerization, the CRD recognizes the mannose containing structures present on specific glycoproteins including, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Considering the role of CD209L and the related proteins in diverse pathogen recognition, this review article discusses the recent advances on the cellular and biochemical characterization of CD209 and CD209L and their roles in viral uptake, which has important implications in understanding of host-pathogen interaction, viral pathobiology and vaccine development of SARS-CoV-2.
Design and Implementation of a Co-Simulation Framework for Testing of Automated Driving Systems
Authors: Nalic Demin , Pandurevic Aleksa , Eichberger Arno , Rogic Branko
Published: November 2020

The increasingly used approach of combining different simulation software for testing of automated driving systems (ADS) increases the need for potential and convenient software designs. Recently developed co-simulation platforms (CSP) provide the possibility to cover the high demand on testing kilometres for ADS by combining vehicle simulation with traffic flow simulation software (TFSS) environments. Having chosen a suitable CSP rises up the question how the test procedures should be defined and constructed and what are the relevant test scenarios. Parameters of the ADS in vehicle simulation, traffic parameter in TFSS and combination of all these can be used for the definition of test scenarios. Thus the automation of a process, consisting of vehicle and traffic parameters and a suitable CSP, a test procedure for ADS should be well designed and implemented. This paper presents the design and implementation of a complex co-simulation framework for virtual ADS testing combining IPG CarMaker and PTV Vissim.
Characteristics of Underwater Topography, Geomorphology and Sediment Source in Qinzhou Bay
Authors: Cao Chao , Cai Feng , Qi Hongshuai , Lu Huiquan , Zheng Yongling , Wu Chengqiang , Bao Jingjing , Pan Xiangjin , Zhu Kai , Zhu Xiaojing
Published: November 2020

Human activities for exploitation and utilization of coastal zones have transformed coastline morphology and severely changed regional flow fields, underwater topography, and sediment distribution in the sea. In this study, single-beam bathymetry coupled with sediment sampling and analysis was carried out to ascertain submarine topography, geomorphology and sediment distribution patterns and explore sediment provenance in Qinzhou Bay, China. The results show the following. 1) The underwater topography in Qinzhou Bay is complex and variable, with water depths in the range of 0–20 m. It can be divided into four underwater topographic zones: the central (outer Qinzhou Bay), eastern (Sanniang Bay), western (east of Fangcheng Port), and southern (outside of the bay) parts. 2) Based on geomorphological features, the study area comprises four major submarine geomorphological units (i.e., tide-dominated delta, tidal sand ridge group, tidal scour troughs, and underwater slope) and two intertidal geomorphological units (i.e., tidal flat and abrasion platforms). 3) Sandy sediments are widely present in Qinzhou Bay, accounting for 70% of the total sediments. From the mouth of the Maowei Sea to the offshore, the sediments gradually become coarser, shifting from sandy mud to muddy sand, and then to fine sand and medium–coarse sand. The detrital minerals contained in the sediments mainly consist of quartz, feldspar, debris, ilmenite, leucosphenite, and tourmaline, whereas the clay minerals are dominated by kaolinite, followed by illite and smectite. The sediment provenance is mainly terrigenous input from near-source rivers. With sea reclamation and dam construction, outer Qinzhou Bay has experienced enormous morphological variation of its coastline. Together with the channel effect where the velocity of ebb tide is greater than that of flood tide, the underwater topography is characterized by increased scale and height difference of troughs and ridges as well as enhanced offshore deposition.
Conditional Mixture Model for Modeling Attributed Dyadic Data
Authors: Nguyen Loc
Published: November 2020

Dyadic data contains co-occurrences of objects, which is often modeled by finite mixture model which in turn is learned by expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. Objects in traditional dyadic data are identified by names, causing the drawback which is that it is impossible to extract implicit valuable knowledge under objects. In this research, I propose the so-called attributed dyadic data (ADD) in which each object has an informative attribute and each co-occurrence of two objects is associated with a value. ADD is flexible and covers most of structures / forms of dyadic data. Conditional mixture model (CMM), which is a variant of finite mixture model, is applied into learning ADD. Moreover, a significant feature of CMM is that any co-occurrence of two objects is based on some conditional variable. As a result, CMM can predict or estimate co-occurrent values based on regression model, which extends applications of ADD and CMM.
Assessment of the Impact of Shot Peening on the Fatigue Life of a Compressor Blade Subjected to Resonance Vibrations
Authors: Bednarz Arkadiusz , Misiołek Wojciech
Published: November 2020

The publication presents the assessment of the influence of surface treatment such as shot-peening on the fatigue life of a compressor blade exposed to resonant vibrations. As part of the work, a geometric model of the blade was developed and a numerical modal and fatigue analysis were performed. The fatigue analysis was based on the Manson-Coffin-Basquin and Ramberg-Osgood models. As part of the work, the influence of different values of residual stresses on the results of fatigue life was determined. Additionally, the location of the highest equivalent stresses was established. The obtained results of the numerical analyzes were compared with the results presented in the scientific literature. An additional aim of the study was to determine the size of the grains at various points of the blade as well as the thickness of the layer plasticized as a result of peening. The obtained results are presented in the form of tables and charts. The relationship between the location of the highest values of equivalent stresses and the thickness of the plasticized layer was determined. The explanation of the effect of shot peening on the increase in fatigue life of the blade was proposed.
Geochemical Evidence for Thickening and Thinning of Lower Crust beneath the Jiaodong Peninsula: Implications for Late Mesozoic Destruction of the Eastern North China Craton
Authors: Liang YaYun , Guo Wenhui , Ma Yao , Zhao Enquan
Published: November 2020

The eastern North China Craton (NCC) has been recognised as undergoing cratonic destruction during the Mesozoic; however, the mechanism of its destruction is still unclear. The main difference between the proposed models is whether the lower continental crust (LCC) underwent thinning. In this study, we conducted comprehensive analyses of Late Mesozoic felsic intrusive rocks, including Late Jurassic granites (166–146 Ma), Early Cretaceous granodiorites (136–123 Ma), and latest Early Cretaceous granites (123–108 Ma) from the Jiaodong Peninsula, located on the southeastern margin of the NCC. These rocks allowed us to investigate variations in the LCC thickness in this region and to further discuss the destruction mechanism of the eastern NCC. Here, temporal variations in crustal thickness can be tracked using whole-rock La/Yb ratios of the felsic intrusive rocks. Our study shows that the continental crust in the eastern NCC thickened during the Late Jurassic (>40 km) due to compression and the westward subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Ocean lithosphere beneath the NCC since the Early Jurassic. The continental crust further thickened during the Early Cretaceous, caused by the steepening of the subducting slab after ~144 Ma that produced crustal underplating of mantle-derived melts in an extensional setting. However, the continental crust thinned (20–40 km) during the latest Early Cretaceous, caused by the rollback of the subducting slab after ~123 Ma. The geochemical compositions of three stages of felsic intrusions also suggest that the regional tectonic stress that affects the eastern NCC altered from a compressional to an intraplate extensional environment after ~144 Ma. Thus, the Late Mesozoic destruction of the eastern NCC and its accompanying magmatism were controlled by prolonged thermomechanical-chemical erosion due to low-angle subduction, steepening, and rollback of the Palaeo-Pacific Oceanic lithosphere.
Características y percepción de hogares con obesidad infantil en Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Ríos-Ponce Marco Antonio , Guevara-Crespo Nicole Doménica , Álvarez-Valencia Juan Francisco
Published: November 2020

Rev.esc.adm.neg

En Ecuador los índices de obesidad infantil presentan un aumento con respecto a 20 años atrás. Ante este panorama, el presente artículo tiene como objeto identificar las características de hogares con obesidad infantil en Cuenca, Ecuador, así como su percepción o comportamiento con respecto a herramientas de marketing tales como publicidad, promociones y merchandising en la obesidad infantil. Mediante una investigación de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo, se identificó una correlación estadística entre las diferentes estrategias de marketing y la obesidad infantil, pues el 75 % de los padres encuestados respondieron que las tácticas de promoción influyen en sus decisiones de compra. Fue posible determinar también que las anomalías en el peso de los niños —obesidad y sobrepeso— se ven condicionadas igualmente por factores externos, entre los cuales se encuentran elementos del marketing mix, como, por ejemplo, la publicidad en medios, así como en los puntos de venta, que influyen en el comportamiento de compra de los hogares y promueven así hábitos poco saludables para la población infantil. Se evidenció, por otra parte, que la obesidad incrementa en los niveles socioeconómicos más bajos. La actividad física se reemplaza por actividades de entretenimiento en medios; el 84 % de los niños le dedica entre 1h/día a 5h/día. Finalmente, se destaca que el ejemplo de los padres o cuidadores es determinante en la problemática.
The Effects of Black and White Plastic Mulch on Soil Temperature and Yield of Crisphead Lettuce in Southern New England
Authors: Gheshm Rahmatallah , Brown Rebecca Nelson
Published: November 2020

Annually, Americans consume an average of 24.5 lb of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) per capita, more than half of which is head lettuce. This study examined the impacts of using black and white-on-black polyethylene mulches on three crisphead lettuce cultivars for spring production in the open field, with data collected on the soil temperature and lettuce yields. Black polyethylene, white-on-black polyethylene, and bare ground were compared for effects on soil temperature, lettuce yields, and lettuce head height and diameter. Mean soil temperatures at a 5 cm depth were 18.9 °C under black polyethylene, 17.7 °C under white-on-black polyethylene, and 17.1 °C in bare ground plots. Changes in the lettuce canopy size presented a similar trend over the growing season in all treatments. Both mulch type and cultivar significantly (P < 0.01) affected the canopy growth in head lettuce. Lettuce on black polyethylene mulch grew significantly (P < 0.01) faster than lettuce on white-on-black polyethylene or bare ground. However, the black and white-on-black mulches produced similar yields, averaging 5.76 and 5.71 kg·mˉ2, respectively. Meanwhile, bare ground plot yields were significantly (P < 0.01) lower at 4.57 kg·mˉ2. Cultivar rank order was consistent across treatments, and Crispino and Garmsir at 5.82 and 5.47 kg·mˉ2 fresh weight had significantly higher yields than Nevada at 4.75 kg·mˉ2 (P < 0.01).
Impact of Covid-19 on the budget security of the national economy: a forecast for Ukraine
Authors: Strilets Victoria , Prokopenko Olha , Orlov Volodymyr
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, it is necessary to consider the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the state of the national economy, in particular on the budget system. This paper examines the essence of budget security and identifies the key threats to budget security in the current context. The methodological aspects of calculating Ukraine’s budget security key indicators (their list, criteria for the use of weighting factors, range of characteristic values of budget security levels) are investigated and their state in 2015–2019 is assessed. The influence of quarantine measures on the level of budget security in Ukraine is determined. Analysis of the current state of budget security and development prospects of Ukraine, determined by the Ministry for Development of Economy, Trade and Agriculture of Ukraine, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group, made it possible to predict Ukraine’s budget security indicators for 2020–2021 and define prospects for changing budget security of Ukraine until 2024. Based on the results of forecasting, the need was identified for planning and implementing urgent anti-crisis measures in the field of managing the country’s budget security, as well as ensuring the consistency of the norms of budget and tax legislation in integration with effective measures to support the socio-economic environment of Ukraine.
HAK TEMELLİ YAKLAŞIM BAĞLAMINDA SİVİL TOPLUM ÖRGÜTLERİNİN SOSYAL YARDIMLARI ANKARA VE İSTANBUL ÖRNEKLERİ
Authors: ATATANIR Hicran
Published: November 2020

Sosyal yardım politikaları yoksullukla mücadelede anlamlı bir fark
ortaya koyamadığında, ekonomik eşitsizlikleri ve sosyal adaletsizlikleri süreğen
kılarak yoksulluğu yönetmenin bir aracına dönüşebilmektedir. “Araçsallaşan” sosyal
yardım toplumdaki üretim, mülkiyet ve bölüşüm ilişkilerinin doğasına eşlik eden
her türlü adaletsizlik ve eşitsizliği  kurumsallaştırma riski de taşımaktadır. Bu
risk en çok da insan haklarını tehdit etmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmamız sivil
toplum örgütlerinin (STÖ) sosyal yardım uygulamalarında hak temelli bir yaklaşımı
esas alıp almadığı sorusuna odaklanmaktadır. Soru formumuz hak temelli yaklaşımın
pratikteki bileşenlerini oluşturan güçlendirme, ayrımcılık karşıtlığı ve eşitlik,
katılımcılık, hesap verebilirlik prensipleri ile kamu ile işbirliği
prensiplerinin STÖ’lerin sosyal yardımlarında nasıl bir karşılığa sahip olduğunu
anlamaya yönelik sorular üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Bu kurgu bize, sosyal yardım
ediminde bulunan STÖ’lerin yoksullukla mücadelede ve insan haklarının gerçekleştirilmesinde
nerede durduğuna yere dair kapsamlı bir veri seti sunmuştur. Elde edilen
bulgular çerçevesinde sosyal yardımların gereksinim sahibi insanların
hayatlarına dokunduğu ve kalıcı etkiler doğurabildiği bilinmesine karşılık bu
yardımlara ilişkin gerek mevzuat alt yapısının gerek sosyal yardım süreçlerinin
sahip olması gereken asgari standartlara haiz olmaktan büyük ölçüde yoksun ancak
geliştirilebilir olduğu görülmüştür.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ CİNSİYET EŞİTLİĞİ İLKESİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN TÜRK SOSYAL GÜVENLİK SİSTEMİ
Authors: GÜNDER Zeynep , AŞÇIOĞLU ÖZ Doç. Dr. Gamze
Published: November 2020

Avrupa
Birliği’nin bugün ulaştığı hedefleri çerçevesinde cinsiyet eşitliği ilkesi
sadece işleyen bir piyasa ekonomisinin gereği olarak değil, temel haklar
çerçevesinde dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu kapsamda cinsiyet eşitliği ilkesinin
toplumsal alanın tamamında uygulanmasının amaçlandığı görülebilir. Bu
çalışmada, 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunun ve
4447 sayılı İşsizlik Sigortası Kanunun hükümlerinde cinsiyete dayalı
ayrımcılığa yol açabilecek hükümler tespit edilmeye çalışılmış ve AB Ayrımcılık
Hukuku çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ulaşılan tespit ve
öneriler, her iki cinsiyete aynı mesafeden bakılarak ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca
değişiklik önerilerinin, daha eşitlikçi bir yapıda sosyal güvenlik
yardımlarının sunumu için sistemin finansal dengesini olumsuz etkilemeyecek
olanlardan başlayarak ve Türk toplumunun değerleri de dikkate alınarak katmanlı
bir yapıda uygulanabileceği değerlendirilmiştir.
Compatibility by a Nonisothermal Kinetic Study of Azathioprine Associated with Usual Excipients in the Product Quality Review Process
Authors: Silva Carolina , Fialho Silvia , Barbosa Jamile , Araújo Bárbara , Carneiro Guilherme , Sebastião Rita , Mussel Wagner , Yoshida Maria , de Freitas-Marques Maria
Published: November 2020

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug for several inflammatory disorders. Due to its clinical relevance, to explore the solid-state properties for excipient compatibility in the product quality review process is essential. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis (thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) were applied. The compatibility studies evidenced that starch pregelatinized, colloidal silicon dioxide, and talc are fully compatible with azathioprine. However, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, and mannitol are incompatible after heat supply at temperatures easily reached by industrial processing. The nonlinear Vyazovkin isoconversional treatment performed the kinetic study of the thermal degradation. The activation energies were determined to clarify the influence of each excipient on the thermal drug stability, an essential procedure in the pharmaceutical development, and all over the commercial live span, in Good Manufacturing Practices.
THE CORE AND PERIPHERY OF THE CURRENT CULTURE OF ARTISTIC CREATION ABOUT THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE STUDENTS’ VIEWS
Authors: NARKHOVA Elena N. , NARKHOV Dmitry Yu.
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the degree of demand for works of art (films and television films and series, literary and musical works, works of monumental art) associated with the history of the Great Patriotic War among contemporary students. This research is based on the combination of two theories, which study the dynamics and statics of culture in the society — the theory of the nucleus and periphery by Yu. M. Lotman and the theory of actual culture by L. N. Kogan.
The four waves of research (2005, 2010, 2015, 2020) by the Russian Society of Socio¬logists (ROS) have revealed a series of works in various genres on this topic in the core structure and on the periphery of the current student culture; this has also allowed tracing the dynamics of demand and the “movement” of these works in the sociocultural space. The authors introduce the concept of the archetype of the echo of war. The high student recognition of works of all historical periods (from wartime to the present day) is shown. A significant complex of works has been identified, forming two contours of the periphery. Attention is drawn to the artistic work of contemporary students as a way to preserve the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War.
This article explains the necessity of preserving the layer of national culture in order to reproduce the national identity in the conditions of informational and ideological pluralism of the post-Soviet period. The authors note the differentiation of youth due to the conditions and specifics of socialization in the polysemantic sociocultural space.
BROADENING THE POWERS OF FEDERAL LABOR INSPECTION: THE ISSUES OF LEGAL VALIDITY AND EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Mitraysova Angelina S. , Kuchevasova Oksana S.
Published: November 2020

The right to remuneration for work is protected not only with the national sources of law (first of all, the Constitution of the Russian Federation), but also with international acts, which emphasize its special significance. The functions of protecting the right to remuneration for work are assigned to a wide variety of structures, including the Prosecutor’s office, courts, and labor dispute commissions. A separate place is assigned to the state labor inspectorates, which are authorized to carry out supervision and control functions for compliance with labor legislation.
At the end of 2019, with the adoption of appropriate legislative changes, the powers of state labor inspections were expanded. The new powers included the functions of organizing and carrying out activities aimed at preventing violations of labor laws and other regulatory legal acts containing labor law norms, as well as the functions to enforce the employer’s obligation to pay payments that were accrued to the employee, but were paid in fixed time.
In this article, the authors consider the proposed legislative changes, identify the shortcomings of legal regulation, and suggest possible ways to eliminate them, improve the regulatory framework in order to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of state labor inspections of their powers and protect the violated rights of employees.
The research methodology is based on a dialectical method that revealed some contradictions in the legal regulation and practice of state labor inspections. Due to the comparative method (when comparing the institution of a court order and a decision on enforcement), shortcomings were identified in the effectiveness of the implementation by the state labor inspections of the power to enforce the employer’s obligation to pay accrued but unpaid wages and other amounts within the framework of labor relations.
THE VALUE ADDED TAX TRANSFORMATION AND MODERN PRACTICES OF IMPROVING ITS COLLECTION
Authors: Kireenko Anna P. , Sodnomova Svetlana K.
Published: November 2020

This article deals with the history and current practice of handling the value added tax (VAT). The authors have analyzed the main advantages and disadvantages of VAT: the prevailing negative impact on the cash flows of VAT payers; the complexity of the tax, which increases the costs of its collection from the state and from taxpayers; the low ratio of actual VAT income to potential; the inability to prevent certain types of tax fraud.
The authors explain their thesis that the prospects for the VAT development are connected, firstly, with overcoming the inherent tax deficiencies, and secondly, with the transformation of tax under the influence of the external environment. This article studies the directions of tax transformation and the objective prerequisites for applying a single standard tax rate to a wide tax base. The data on the structural transformation of the economy in developed countries and Russia and its impact on VAT are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the alternative tax collection practices: reverse payment mechanism, split-payment mechanisms, and single window method. The experience of using tax lotteries as a method of increa­sing the collection of value added tax is analyzed in detail. The considered mechanisms for collecting VAT effectively reduce tax evasion arising from the overestimation of VAT deductions, but can not deal with the concealment of income.
All the new methods are associated with an increase in the costs of tax administration and approval, require an increase in reporting for taxpayers, introduce new responsibilities for the exchange of data with tax authorities, including the transfer of accounting data and invoice information (including in real time). The reverse payment mechanism and the split payment method, change the nature of VAT collection, canceling fractional payments, which are usually considered as the main advantage of VAT.
ADDRESSING SOCIOCULTURAL RISKS IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA: THE ROLE OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: PLOTNIKOVA Elena B. , Markova Yulia S. , Plotnikova Evgeniya V.
Published: November 2020

This paper analyses the academic literature on the role of enterprises in addressing sociocultural risks at the regional level in contemporary Russia. The studied literature was collected using two sources: the database of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Science and the Russian Scientific Electronic Library “eLIBRARY.RU”. The search time¬scale covered the period between 2000 and 2019. Two questions informed the literature search and analysis: 1) What sociocultural risks are identified in the literature? 2) What is the role of enterprises in addressing these risks?
The results show that the academic literature distinguishes between two categories of sociocultural risks. Firstly, the risks causing the dysfunction of socio-economic and political structures. Secondly, the risks related to the deterioration of moral values, cultural traditions and social identities at individual, community, and national levels.
The role of enterprises in addressing these risks is revealed in two areas. Firstly, these are the corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices: provision of social benefits to employees, supporting vulnerable groups in local communities, investing in educational and sport activities and events. Secondly, some enterprises introduce innovative instruments, such as sociocultural projects.
However, most studies of such projects refer to either small or non-industrial enterprises. Further analysis should focus on the implementation of sociocultural projects by the industrial enterprises at the regional level in Russia, since there is a lack of empirical studies in this area.
comemoração das vanguardas pedagógicas do ensino secundário paulista da década de 1960:
Authors: De Almeida Natália Frizzo
Published: November 2020

As edições comemorativas foram produzidas nas décadas de 1990 e 2000, como fruto de reuniões de associações de ex-alunos de três escolas secundárias renovadas da década de 1960: os Ginásios Vocacionais (1961-1969), o Colégio de Aplicação da Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras da USP (1957-1969) e o Ginásio Israelita Brasileiro Scholem Aleichem (1949-1981). Nas comemorações os ex-alunos/editores denominaram a “renovação educacional” como uma “vanguarda pedagógica”. O objetivo é comparar os discursos dos livros/artigos comemorativos e compreender quais as motivações de transformar, o reencontro de antigos colegas de classe, em divulgação das suas experiências escolares do passado para um público mais amplo. O aporte metodológico foi baseado nos debates de história, memória e comemoração e partimos da premissa teórica de que o acontecimento comemorado visa sempre o seu devir. As comemorações cumprem a função de guardiões de um imaginário social e expõe ao público a construção da autoimagem de um grupo. Portanto, a recuperação dessas memórias propunha a retomada da expansão do ensino renovado nas escolas públicas, cujo projeto havia sido derrotado na década de 1960 com a instauração do Regime Militar.
Ensino secundário no casarão da praça da bandeira:
Authors: De França Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Gomes de Souza Avelino , Silva Araújo Alves Laura Maria
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o processo de organização do ensino secundário público no Ginásio Paraense, em Belém do Pará, nos anos de 1930 a 1937. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica.  Para compreender esse processo, buscou-se reunir uma diversidade de fontes, como legislação do ensino, mensagens de governo e jornais. Os autores base deste estudo são Dallabrida (2009), Nunes (2000), Silva (2018), Souza (2008), Pessanha (2000), entre outros. Trata-se do primeiro estabelecimento de ensino secundário público, criado em Belém do Pará em 1841, tendo, ao longo dos anos, se constituído referência de estudos secundários na região norte do país. No ano de 1937, era o único da região a oferecer o curso secundário fundamental e complementar. Um lugar de difusão do conhecimento científico e literário.
expansão do Ensino Secundário em Minas Gerais:
Authors: Gatti Giseli Cristina do Vale , Gatti Júnior Décio
Published: November 2020

Apreendeu-se a expansão do Ensino Secundário em Minas Gerais, no Brasil, entre 1942 e 1961. Examinaram-se informações no Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, na Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos e no Ministério da Educação e Cultura; legislação de ensino na Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais; historiografia sobre o Ensino Secundário. Houve crescimento populacional de 42,5% no período, com expansão de 621,5% no número de matrículas no Ensino Secundário (21.439, em 1942, para 154.688, em 1963) e de 137 estabelecimentos, em 1945, para 437, em 1959 (219% de crescimento). Houve intenso movimento legiferante estadual até 1930, mas, depois, o governo central assumiu a legislação educacional. A historiografia sobre o Ensino Secundário mineiro localizada compreendeu 57 trabalhos, com predomínio da História das Instituições Escolares. Houve forte expansão do Ensino Secundário em Minas Gerais, com oferta privada predominante, notadamente católica, mediante subvenções públicas.
subcampo do ensino secundário em Santa Catarina (1942-1961)
Authors: Dallabrida Norberto , Vieira Letícia
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa como ocorreu a expansão do ensino secundário no estado de Santa Catarina de 1942 (Reforma Capanema) a 1961 (LDB), considerando as redes privadas e o ensino público. Para tanto, adota a perspectiva de Pierre Bourdieu que concebe o espaço social formado por campos e subcampos, constituídos por leis, jogos e capitais específicos. Assim, o ensino secundário é considerado um subcampo que integra o campo educacional catarinense. Constata que, de 1942 a 1961, o ensino secundário catarinense teve uma expansão inédita devido ao aumento dos colégios católicos, à fundação de educandários luteranos, ao oferecimento de cursos ginasiais e colegiais pelo governo estadual em escolas normais e institutos de educação. O subcampo do ensino secundário em Santa Catarina, portanto, foi marcado pela privatização dominada pela rede escolar católica.
Expansão do ensino secundário na Bahia 1942-1961
Authors: Dick Sara Martha
Published: November 2020

Este artigo busca discutir a expansão do ensino secundário na Bahia durante o período compreendido entre os anos de 1942 e 1961. Com seu início no ano de 1836, o Ensino Secundário baiano contava com o Liceu Provincial na Capital, que em 1895 passou a chamar-se Ginásio da Bahia, e com a Reforma Capanema, de 1942, Colégio da Bahia, permanecendo como o único estabelecimento em Salvador até 1947. Objetivamos demonstrar que o início de expansão ocorre a partir do governo de Otávio Mangabeira, eleito democraticamente. Utilizamos das fontes do Arquivo Público da Bahia (APBA), Instituto Geográfico e Histórico da Bahia (IGHBA), Biblioteca Pública da Bahia (BPBA) e Arquivo Municipal de Salvador, além da consulta aos Jornais A Tarde e Diário de Notícias. As fontes foram analisadas, chegando à conclusão de que o período mais democrático contribuiu para a expansão.
Educação, cultura popular e educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Pinho Clarice Wilken de , Soares Leôncio , Silva Fernanda Aparecida Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

A atenção à riqueza das experiências culturais presentes nas múltiplas identidades dos jovens e adultos é a base dos movimentos de educação e cultura popular que eclodiram no Brasil na década de 1960. Destacam-se os conceitos assumidos, os objetivos e os planos de ação desenvolvidos no interior do Movimento de Cultura Popular (MCP); da Campanha de Pé no Chão Também se Aprende a Ler; do Movimento de Educação de Base (MEB) e do Centro Popular de Cultura (CPC) com o objetivo de delinear a educação e cultura popular em diferentes contextos e sua contribuição para a educação de jovens e adultos. Conclui-se que as contribuições da história, trazidas à luz nas referências da década de 1960, indicam a necessidade de um trabalho de cultura popular assumidamente libertador, não mais pensado como uma cultura para as pessoas, mas com as pessoas, com os sujeitos participantes e construtores de uma sociedade que os represente.
inspetores de alunos do Colégio Pedro II em seus primeiros anos de funcionamento (1837-1857)
Authors: Da Silva Letícia Sousa Campos
Published: November 2020

Para muitos autores, a criação do Colégio Pedro II (CPII) foi uma experiência inovadora no século XIX. Na historiografia acerca desta instituição despontam duas tendências: a ênfase em seus alunos e professores, como se tivessem sido os únicos sujeitos no interior da escola, e a utilização de um determinado documento – a Memória Histórica do Colégio de Pedro II (MHCPII) – sem realizar uma crítica de seu conteúdo. Neste artigo abordo a possibilidade de investigar a situação dos inspetores de alunos do CPII entre 1837, data de criação do colégio, e 1857, ano no qual foi dividido em dois estabelecimentos de ensino. Após apresentar breve panorama sobre os estudos a respeito da escola, analiso o modo como estes trabalhadores são representados na MHCPII e, em seguida, confronto estas informações com os dados extraídos de outras fontes, tais como os dispositivos legais, o Almanak Laemmert e o material trocado entre os reitores do CPII e os representantes do Império. Concluo demonstrando omissões na MHCPII sobre as condições laborais dos inspetores e as tensões delas decorrentes.
Logística y cadena de suministro : aproximaciones teórico-prácticas.
Authors: Cordona Arbeláez Diego
Published: November 2020

La logística constituye un eje fundamental para el desarrollo económico regional del departamento de Sucre. Apalancada por las ventajas comparativas que ofrece el sector agropecuario, permite encadenar diversos eslabones productivos para la consecución de resultados económicos que impacten y se diseminan a lo largo de la cadena productiva. En este sentido, es importante que estas fortalezas, en cuanto a ventajas comparativas, se potencien y articulen con las capacidades de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación –CTeI– del Departamento debido a que éstas sirven como catalizador y generador riqueza. Dado esta situación, el departamento de Sucre a través del proyecto “Programa de Formación de Capacidades en CT+I en el departamento de Sucre, Caribe” adelanta el impulso el desarrollo integral del departamento. Por lo tanto, este libro resultado de investigación, adscrito al programa mencionado, titulado “Logística y cadena de suministro: Aproximaciones teórico-prácticas”, pretende sentar las bases teóricas sobre las cuales se debe constituir el sector logístico del departamento, pero a su vez, presenta evidencias practicas sobre estudios caso aplicados al departamento donde se evidencia el estado de algunas cadenas logísticas y sus posibles mejoras.
Analyzing the integrative relationship between Marketing intelligence system and Mass customization strategies
Authors: Rostam Kawa Muhamad , Farag Qaradaghe Kawa Muhamad
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to explain the complementary relationship between the marketing intelligence system and mass customization strategies which is to take advantage of the opportunities available to business organizations through a field case study at the GASN cement factory and Tasluja cement factory in Sulaymaniyah Governorate. And to achieve these goals, the study demonstrated through the theoretical aspect to put forward some of what it is mentioned in both marketing intelligence and mass customization system topics, relying on not a few Arab and foreign resources.  As - for the practical side, the two researchers relied on a questionnaire which included a set of common dimensions between the marketing intelligence system and mass customization system, and then the responses of the research sample were analyzed through the statistical software (SPSS) for data analysis.
The main hypothesis of the research was the existence of a positive and significant relationship between the marketing intelligence systems and mass customization system. The research reached to a number of conclusions. The most important conclusion among these was that there is a significant positive relationship between the two variables, where information technology contributes to supporting the marketing intelligence system by collecting, analyzing, storing and publishing data and converting it into information to help organizations in general and the organization under search in making appropriate decisions to maintain their competitive position in the market. The marketing intelligence system gives a clear vision for the production department to take advantage of existing opportunities in the current market or in the potential markets. Where as the most important suggestions presented by the researchers , are: The necessity of using the latest information technology, such as using computers and servers for the purpose of maintaining; publishing and constantly updating information; moreover to analyzing the market through the information provided by the system for the purpose of production department service and predicting mass customization system.
Cancer Patients’ Perceived Value of a Smartphone App to Enhance the Safety of Home-Based Chemotherapy: Feasibility Study
Authors: Kongshaug Nina , Skolbekken John-Arne , Faxvaag Arild , Hofsli Eva
Published: November 2020

Background

Oral anticancer therapies can be self-administered by patients outside the hospital setting, which poses challenges of adherence to a drug plan and monitoring of side effects. Modern information technology may be developed and implemented to address these pertinent issues.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore how a smartphone app developed through a stepwise, iterative process can help patients using oral chemotherapy to take their drug, and to report adherence and side effects in a reliable and verifiable manner.

Methods

Fourteen patients starting capecitabine treatment were included in this study and used the smartphone app in addition to regular follow up of capecitabine treatment. Nine of these patients fulfilled the treatment plan and were interviewed based on a semistructured interview guide and the System Usability Scale (SUS). In addition, two focus groups were completed with 7 oncologists and 7 oncology nurses, respectively. Interview data were analyzed in accordance with the principles of systematic text condensation. Features of the app were also assessed.

Results

The smartphone app provided the patients with a feeling of reassurance regarding correct adherence of their oral chemotherapy treatment. They used the app as a memory tool about their treatment and possible serious side effects, as well as for treatment education. Patients expressed concerns about using the app to report side effects that were not considered to be obviously serious, fearing overreporting. The health personnel expressed an overall positive attitude to integrate this new tool in their everyday work.

Conclusions

Patients on oral chemotherapy treatment at home felt safe and found the app to be helpful. The app promoted learning about their treatment and made the patients more independent of the cancer clinic, reducing the need for the clinic’s limited resources for follow up of patients on oral anticancer medications.
Public Response to a Social Media Tobacco Prevention Campaign: Content Analysis
Authors: Majmundar Anuja , Le NamQuyen , Moran Meghan Bridgid , Unger Jennifer B , Reuter Katja
Published: November 2020

Background

Prior research suggests that social media–based public health campaigns are often targeted by countercampaigns.

Objective

Using reactance theory as the theoretical framework, this research characterizes the nature of public response to tobacco prevention messages disseminated via a social media–based campaign. We also examine whether agreement with the prevention messages is associated with comment tone and nature of the contribution to the overall discussion.

Methods

User comments to tobacco prevention messages, posted between April 19, 2017 and July 12, 2017, were extracted from Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Two coders categorized comments in terms of tone, agreement with message, nature of contribution, mentions of government agency and regulation, promotional or spam comments, and format of comment. Chi-square analyses tested associations between agreement with the message and tone of the public response and the nature of contributions to the discussions.

Results

Of the 1242 comments received (Twitter: n=1004; Facebook: n=176; Instagram: n=62), many comments used a negative tone (42.75%) and disagreed with the health messages (39.77%), while the majority made healthy contributions to the discussions (84.38%). Only 0.56% of messages mentioned government agencies, and only 0.48% of the comments were antiregulation. Comments employing a positive tone (84.13%) or making healthy contributions (69.11%) were more likely to agree with the campaign messages (P=0.01). Comments employing a negative tone (71.25%) or making toxic contributions (36.26%) generally disagreed with the messages (P=0.01).

Conclusions

The majority of user comments in response to a tobacco prevention campaign made healthy contributions. Our findings encourage the use of social media to promote dialogue about controversial health topics such as smoking. However, toxicity was characteristic of comments that disagreed with the health messages. Managing negative and toxic comments on social media is a crucial issue for social media–based tobacco prevention campaigns to consider.