bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoding the role of encapsulated ions in the electronic and magnetic properties of mixed-valence polyoxovanadate capsules {X@V22O54} (X = ClO4−, SCN−, VO2F2−): a combined theoretical approach
Authors: Notario-Estévez Almudena , Kozłowski Piotr , Linnenberg Oliver , de Graaf Coen , López Xavier , Monakhov Kirill Yu.
Published: June 2018

The magnetic states of polyoxovanadate host cages respond to inclusion of diamagnetic guest ions.
First-principles description of oxygen self-diffusion in rutile TiO2: assessment of uncertainties due to enthalpy and entropy contributions
Authors: Jeong Heonjae , Seebauer Edmund G. , Ertekin Elif
Published: June 2018

First-principles estimates of defect entropy, in addition to energy, improve the quality of computed tracer self-diffusion coefficients in comparison to experiment.
ZnTa-TUD-1 as an easily prepared, highly efficient catalyst for the selective conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene
Authors: Pomalaza G. , Vofo G. , Capron M. , Dumeignil F.
Published: June 2018

High performances in the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene were achieved with a Zn(ii) and Ta(v) catalyst supported on TUD-1, a mesoporous silica.
Four tetra-nuclear lanthanide complexes based on 8-hydroxyquinolin derivatives: magnetic refrigeration and single-molecule magnet behaviour
Authors: Fang Ming , Shao Li-Jun , Shi Tian-Xing , Chen Ying-Ying , Yu Hong , Li Peng-Fei , Wang Wen-Min , Zhao Bin
Published: June 2018

Four lanthanide complexes were fabricated and characterized. 1 exhibits cryogenic magnetic refrigeration property and 3 displays slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Unveiling the composite structures of emissive consolidated p–i–n junction nanocells for white light emission
Authors: Lee Kyu Seung , Shim Jaeho , Lee Hyunbok , Yim Sang-Youp , Angadi Basavaraj , Lim Byungkwon , Son Dong Ick
Published: June 2018

Hybrid organic-Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color quantum dots were incorporated into consolidated p(polymer)–i(RGB quantum dots)–n(small molecules) junction structures to fabricate a single active layer for a light emitting diode device for white electroluminescence.
A new convenient synthetic route towards 2-(hetero)aryl-substituted thieno[3,2-b]indoles using Fischer indolization
Authors: Irgashev Roman A. , Steparuk Alexander S. , Rusinov Gennady L.
Published: June 2018

A series of 2-(hetero)aryl-substituted thieno[3,2-b]indoles has been successfully prepared using an effective three-step strategy based on Fischer indole synthesis.
Cyclodextrin-based host–guest supramolecular hydrogel and its application in biomedical fields
Authors: Liu Guiting , Yuan Qijuan , Hollett Geoffrey , Zhao Wei , Kang Yang , Wu Jun
Published: June 2018

CD-based host–guest supramolecular hydrogels and their potential biomedical application.
Designing highly efficient dual-metal single-atom electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction inspired by biological enzyme systems
Authors: Gong Shipeng , Wang Changlai , Jiang Peng , Hu Lin , Lei Hu , Chen Qianwang
Published: June 2018

Designing an efficient dual-metal catalyst Fe, Mn–N/C for the ORR, inspired by bio-enzymes.
Blue-shifted emission color and high quantum efficiency in solution-processed blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes using an intermolecular interaction suppressing host decorated with blocking groups
Authors: Jeon Sang Kyu , Park Hee-Jun , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: June 2018

A high triplet energy material with the ability to suppress intermolecular interactions was synthesized as a host for blue-shifted emission color.
Pulsed voltage deposited hierarchical dendritic PbS film as a highly efficient and stable counter electrode for quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Jin Bin Bin , Zhang Guo Qing , Kong Shu Ying , Quan Xin , Huang Hui Sheng , Liu Yan , Zeng Jing Hui , Wang Ye Feng
Published: June 2018

Hierarchical dendritic PbS films were deposited on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates as counter electrodes (CE) for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) by a facile one-step pulse voltage electrodeposition method.
Association of interleukin 1 gene polymorphism with intervertebral disc degeneration risk in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Yimin , Ma Haitao , Bi Dawei , Qiu Binsong
Published: June 2018

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major pathological process implicated in low back pain and is a prerequisite to disk herniation. Interleukin-1 α (IL-1α) was thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of disc degeneration by increasing the production of extracellular matrix degradation enzymes and by inhibiting extracellular matrix synthesis. IL-1α may provide insight about the etiology of IDD. We performed a hospital-based case–control study involving 200 IDD patients and 200 controls in the Chinese Han population. Genotyping was performed using a custom-by-design 48-Plex single nucleotide polymorphism Scan™ Kit. Our study indicated that IL-1α -899C/T polymorphism could increase the risk of IDD under the homozygous, recessive, and allelic models. Subsequently, we validated this significant association by a meta-analysis. Stratification analysis of ethnicity in this meta-analysis also obtained a significant association among Asians and Caucasians. In conclusion, the present study finds that IL-1α -899C/T polymorphism is associated with the risk of IDD. Larger studies with more diverse ethnic populations are needed to confirm these results.
Cross‐device tracking through identification of user typing behaviours
Authors: Yuan H. , Maple C. , Chen C. , Watson T.
Published: June 2018

A novel method of cross‐device tracking based on user typing behaviours is presented. Compared with existing methods, typing behaviours can offer greater security and efficiency. When people type on their devices, a number of different factors may be considered to identify users, such as the angle and distance of contact point to the centre of the target character, the time elapsed between two typing actions and the physical force exerted on the device (which can be measured by an accelerometer). An experiment was conducted to validate the proposed model; those data are collected through an Android App developed for the purpose of this study. By collecting a reasonable amount of this type of data, it is shown that machine learning algorithms can be employed to first classify different users and subsequently authenticate users across devices.
Design of a compact quad‐band antenna with independent frequency tuning
Authors: Islam Sk.N. , Kumar M. , Sen G. , Das S.
Published: June 2018

A compact, planar, low profile microstrip line‐fed quad‐band antenna is presented with operating frequencies at 2.5/3.6/5.5/7.5 GHz. The antenna consists of a rectangular split‐ring resonator (SRR), a stepped impedance resonator (SIR) inside the ring, a slot on the SIR and a pair of SRRs either side of the matching network. Each of the resonators generates its own individual band which is independently tunable. The antenna is compact in size having dimensions 0.10λ0 × 0.13λ0. The radiation patterns are omnidirectional and bilateral in the H‐plane and the E‐plane, respectively, at all the resonance frequencies. The simulated results are observed and reported in terms of S‐parameters, gain and radiation patterns. A prototype structure is fabricated and the measured results are compared with those obtained from the simulation.
Adaptive concept of controlled islanding in power systems for wide‐area out‐of‐step prediction of synchronous generators based on adaptive tripping index
Authors: Zare Hassan , Yaghobi Hamid , Alinejad‐Beromi Yousef
Published: June 2018

Here, based on wide‐area measurement systems (WAMS), an adaptive tripping index (TI) is proposed for online prediction of tripping signals with respect to wide‐area out‐of‐step (WAOOS) protection of synchronous generators. The proposed TI included two different equations consisting of a straight line for unstable inter‐area oscillations and a sinusoidal line for WAOOS transient instability. For online identification of coherent generators with respect to inter‐area oscillations, based on evaluating the correlation coefficients between generator behaviours, an index is proposed from which the global tripping signals (GTS) are calculated. The GTS consist of the rate of change of inter‐area rotor angle oscillation between two oscillating areas in the centre of inertia frame. Actually, the proposed scheme is an adaptive and online index from which the critical inter‐area angle is adjusted individually by evaluating GTS at each sampling time gathered from the WAMS data. The proposed strategy is implemented on an IEEE 39‐bus test system and its performance is investigated by simulating typical scenarios during time‐domain simulations. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for fast prediction of WAOOS protection in real‐time environment.
Text segmentation of health examination item based on character statistics and information measurement
Authors: An Hui , Wang Dahui , Pan Zhigeng , Chen Meiling , Wang Xinting
Published: June 2018

This study explores the segmentation algorithm of item text data, especially of single long length data in health examination. In the specific implementation, a large amount of historical health examination data is analysed. Using the method of character statistics, the connection tightness values TAB s between two adjacent characters are calculated. Three parameters, the candidate number N, the best position BP, and balance weight BW are set. The total segmentation indexes SIs are calculated, thus determined the segmentation position Pos. The optimal parameter values are determined by the method of information measurement. Experimental results show that the accuracy rate is 78.6% and reaches 82.9% in the most frequently appeared text item. The complexity of the algorithm is O (n). Using no existing domain knowledge, it is very simple and fast. By executed repeatedly, it is convenient to obtain the characteristics of each single item of text data, furthermore, to distinguish respective express preference of different physicians to the same item. The assumption is verified that without professional domain knowledge, a large amount of historical data can provide valuable clues for the text understanding. The results of this research are being applied and verified in the following research works in the field of health examination.
Sensor‐based complete coverage path planning in dynamic environment for cleaning robot
Authors: Liu Hong , Ma Jiayao , Huang Weibo
Published: June 2018

Using Complete Coverage Path Planning (CCPP), a cleaning robot could visit every accessible area in the workspace. The dynamic environment requires the higher computation of the CCPP algorithm because the path needs to be replanned when the path might become invalid. In previous CCPP methods, when the neighbours of the current position are obstacles or have been visited, it is challenging for the robot to escape from the deadlocks with the least extra time cost. In this study, a novel CCPP algorithm is proposed to deal with deadlock problems in a dynamic environment. A priority template inspired by the short memory model could reduce the number of deadlocks by giving the priority of directions. Simultaneously, a global backtracking mechanism guides the robot to move to the next unvisited area quickly, taking the use of the explored global environmental information. What's more, the authors extend their CCPP algorithm to a multi‐robot system with a market‐based bidding process which could deploy the coverage time. Experiments of apartment‐like scenes show that the authors’ proposed algorithm can guarantee an efficient collision‐free coverage in dynamic environments. The proposed method performs better than related approaches on coverage rate and overlap length.
Impact of planetesimal eccentricities and material strength on the appearance of eccentric debris disks
Authors: Kim M. , Wolf S. , Löhne T. , Kirchschlager F. , Krivov A. V.
Published: June 2018

Context. Since circumstellar dust in debris disks is short-lived, dust-replenishing requires the presence of a reservoir of planetesimals. These planetesimals in the parent belt of debris disks orbit their host star and continuously supply the disk with fine dust through their mutual collisions.

Aims. We aim to understand effects of different collisional parameters on the observational appearance of eccentric debris disks. These parameters are the eccentricity of the planetesimal belt, dynamical excitation, and the material strength.

Methods. The collisional evolution of selected debris disk configurations was simulated with the numerical code ACE. Subsequently, selected observable quantities are simulated with our newly developed code DMS. The impact of the eccentricity, dynamical excitation, and the material strength is discussed with respect to the grain size distribution, the spectral energy distribution, and spatially resolved images of debris disk systems.

Results. The most recognizable features in different collisional evolutions are as follows. First, both the increase of dynamical excitation in the eccentric belt of the debris disk system and the decrease of the material strength of dust particles result in a higher production rate of smaller particles. This reduces the surface brightness differences between the periastron and the apastron sides of the disks. For very low material strengths, the “pericenter glow” phenomenon is reduced and eventually even replaced by the opposite effect, the “apocenter glow”. In contrast, higher material strengths and lower dynamical excitation of the system result in an enhancement of asymmetries in the surface brightness distribution. Second, it is possible to constrain the level of collisional activity from the appearance of the disk, for example, the wavelength-dependent apocenter-to-pericenter flux ratio. Within the considered parameter space, the impact of the material strength on the appearance of the disk is stronger than that of dynamical excitation of the system. Finally, we find that the impact of the collisional parameters on the net spectral energy distribution is weak.
Effect of fillers size on the dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics of a piezoelectric composite
Authors: Aboubakr S. , Hajjaji A. , Rguiti M. , Benkhouja K. , Courtois C. , Boughaleb Y.
Published: June 2018

Recent trends in electromechanical conversion using alternative materials, have demonstrated the advantages of using piezoelectric composites for energy generation. There have been several papers on ceramic/polymer composites in which the fillers have high piezoelectric constant. Basically, the energy harvested depends on the proportion of the piezoelectric properties of composite. The fillers size within the composites is also an important criterion of the composites properties. Thus, in this paper 0–3 composites, made of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramic powder and polyurethane (PU) were prepared. Different sizes of ceramic grains were used: grains with average size of 10 μm, size under 80 μm and size under 100 μm. Sizes of the PZT grains was determined according to the homogenization efficiency of the composite. Piezoelectric (piezoelectric coefficient d33) and dielectric properties (dielectric constant) were investigated. They have shown an interesting improvement with the increasing grains size up to 20 pC/N and 100, respectively. In order to understand the composite behavior on the microscopic scale, a simulation was carried out by mean of a finite element method (FEM) software. Finally, an estimation of the harvested voltage was modeled according to the grains size.
Eliminating failure behavior by introducing CdS inter-layer in Cu2O-based memory cell
Authors: Duan Weijie , Liu Zhenxing , Zhang Yang
Published: June 2018

Resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) has attracted great attention due to its outstanding performance for the next generation non-volatile memory. However, the unexpected failure behaviors seriously hinder the further studies and applications of this new memory device. In this work, the bipolar resistive switching characteristics in Pt/CdS/Cu2O/FTO cells are investigated. The CdS inter-layer is used to suppress the failure behavior in set process. Comparing to the Pt/Cu2O/FTO cell, the switching process in Pt/CdS/Cu2O/FTO cell is not affected even at a high set voltage and the failure behavior is eliminated effectively. Therefore, this work proposes a feasible approach to solve the failure problem in RRAM.
Lipids for infant formulas
Authors: Delplanque Bernadette , Du Qin , Martin Jean-Charles , Guesnet Philippe
Published: June 2018

Recommendations for infant formulas (IF) had been established on the basis of human breast milk composition, still considered as “the gold standard”. Historically, till the 20th century, cow milk-based formulas have been used to feed infants when breast feeding was not possible. Later, infant formulas based on cow’s milk proteins but only vegetable oils blends as lipid source became the usual rule in most countries. However, considering“the gold standard”, a lot of changes occurred since the sixties that considerably modified lipid composition of human breast milk which is correlated to the diet of the mothers, who increased their consumption of n-6PUFA to replace saturated fat considered as proatherogenic. This introduced an imbalance in the ratio of linoleic/alpha-linolenic acids (18:2n-6/18:3n-3), limiting the bioconversion to long-chain-n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Compared to pure vegetable blends and following the usual recommendations for IF, linoleic (LA 15% of total fatty acids), alpha-linolenic acids (ALA 1.5%) and LA/ALA ratio (10), the use of dairy fat blend was beneficial in terms of brain DHA accretion in young rats and a further increase of brain DHA was obtained by using pure dairy fat (LA 2%, ALA 0.8%, LA/ALA 2.3). Cow’s milk presents naturally some similarities (lipid quality, cholesterol, globule structure…) with human breast milk and cannot be compared to pure vegetable blends. Utilization of dairy fat in infant formula should be reconsidered, as well as the absolute amount of polyunsaturated LA and ALA: at least a reduction of LA for IF as well as for lactating women to improve breast milk quality.
Traumatische Gewalterlebnisse in der Lebensgeschichte alter Frauen und Männer – Wenn die Seele erschüttert ist
Authors: Böhmer Martina
Published: June 2018

Alte Menschen sind nicht depressiv, apathisch, unruhig, aggressiv oder verwirrt, weil sie alt sind, sondern weil sie womöglich eine traumatische Geschichte haben. Im Umgang mit ihnen sollten wir Symptome nicht per se als Zeichen einer sogenannten Alterserkrankung sehen, sondern ihre Gefühle und Ängste ernst nehmen und sie angemessen unterstützen.
Neue Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) – „Sich mit der neuen Datenschutzverordnung auseinanderzusetzen ist unerlässlich“
Authors: Oldenburg Elke
Published: June 2018

Am 25. Mai 2018 trat die europäische Datenschutz-Grundverordnung in Kraft. Welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Ergotherapiepraxen hat, erläutert Bettina Kuhnert vom Deutschen Verband der Ergotherapeuten. Sie weiß: Jede Praxis benötigt jetzt eine Datenschutzerklärung und sollte sich zeitnah darum kümmern. Abmahnfirmen könnten in den Startlöchern stehen.
Corporate Identity – Das sind Sie!
Authors: Rothe Anna von Eisenhart
Published: June 2018

Wer sind Sie, was zeichnet Sie aus? Woran denken Patienten, Klienten, Ärzte und Kollegen, wenn Sie an Ihre Praxis denken? Könnten Sie diese Fragen beantworten? Schon wieder eine Frage! Aber eine gute. Ein unverwechselbares Profil der Praxis und ein gutes Image sind Gold wert. Überlassen Sie es nicht dem Zufall, wie man über Ihr Unternehmen denkt und spricht. Arbeiten Sie stattdessen konsequent an Ihrer Corporate Identity.
Foto-Coaching in der stationären Psychiatrie – Virtueller Hausbesuch
Authors: Lang Rebecca
Published: June 2018

Ergotherapeutische Aktivitäten sollten für den Klienten bedeutsam und alltagsrelevant sein sowie in natürlicher Umwelt stattfinden. Aber wie lässt sich das in der stationären Psychiatrie ohne Möglichkeit auf Hausbesuch realisieren? Zum Beispiel mit dem Smartphone, wenn der Klient bereits übers Wochenende nach Hause darf.
Neuropsychotherapie in der Rehabilitation erworbener Hirnschädigungen
Authors: Pischel Cornelia
Published: June 2018

Die hohe Komorbidität psychischer Störungen bei neurologischen Patienten hat nicht nur Auswirkung auf den neurorehabilitativen Behandlungserfolg, auf das
sozialmedizinische Outcome und die Lebensqualität der Patienten, sondern auch auf die Länge des Krankenhausaufenthalts, auf Komplikationen und Kostenaspekte.
Der Artikel ist ein Plädoyer für den frühen Beginn von Interventionen, für interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und Aufklärung.
Die integrierte Behandlung funktioneller neurologischer Lähmungen
Authors: Schmidt Roger , Piliavska Kateryna , Trier Charlotte , Dettmers Christian
Published: June 2018

Funktionelle Neurologische Symptome (FNS) stellen in der Neurologie und Neurorehabilitation eine wiederkehrende Aufgabe dar. Sie bleiben ohne stimmige
neurologische Erklärung und werfen die Frage nach einer psychischen Erkrankung auf. Das klinische Vorgehen umfasst gezielte neurologische,
funktionstherapeutische und psychotherapeutische Maßnahmen. Trägt das gesamte Behandlungsteam diesen Therapieplan konsequent mit, erweisen sich FNS als
grundsätzlich gut behandelbare Gesundheitsstörungen.
Emotionsstörungen in der Rehabilitation
Authors: Lotze Martin
Published: June 2018

Emotion stammt vom lateinischen Wort „movere“ ab, das heißt „sich bewegen“. Wie diese Emotion die Disposition für eine Handlung bestimmt und wie sie sich in
Motivation übersetzen lässt, davon berichtet dieser Artikel.
Der orientierungsgestörte Patient mit Beaufsichtigungspflicht in der Neuroreha
Authors: Weiß Irene , Pohl Marcus
Published: June 2018

In der folgenden Arbeit werden die Orientierungsstörung und ihre Erscheinungsformen im Kontext der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation beschrieben. Die Relevanz der Orientierungsstörungen wird dargestellt und sie werden von anderen Störungsbildern abgegrenzt. Außerdem werden neben möglichen Konzepten und Maßnahmen zur Behandlung von Störungen der Orientierung auch die juristischen Grundlagen beschrieben und erläutert.
A novel technique using high energy synchronous double-wave laser in endoscopic submucosal dissection of patients with superficial esophageal neoplasm
Authors: Yao Jun , Li Jun , Wang Peng , Liu Feng , Li Zhaoshen
Published: June 2018

Background Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely used to treat superficial esophageal neoplasms (SENs). Intraoperative bleeding is one of the main concerns that makes ESD in the esophagus more difficult and time consuming with higher complication rates. We introduced a novel laser endoknife system that enabled better intraoperative hemostasis, and preliminarily investigated its feasibility in ESD for patients with SENs.

Methods 17 consecutive patients with SENs were prospectively enrolled. The laser endoknife system was used in marking and submucosal dissection. Data on therapeutic outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results The median diameter of the lesions was 2.5 cm and of the resected specimens was 3.0 cm. The median procedure time was 48 minutes. Histologic evaluation revealed 15 high grade intraepithelial neoplasias and two squamous cell carcinomas. No intraoperative bleeding occurred during laser cutting and no significant complications occurred postoperatively. Curative R0 resection was achieved in all patients.

Conclusions Our new laser endoknife system was feasible in the submucosal dissection of SENs and showed great prospects for future application.
Correlation Between the Responses to Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment During Childhood and Adulthood in a Monocentric Cohort of GH-Deficient Patients
Authors: Thilmany Sarah , Mchirgui Leila , Brunelle Chloé , Beauloye Véronique , Maiter Dominique , Alexopoulou Orsalia
Published: June 2018

Our aim was to analyze a cohort of patients with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency (GHD) to evaluate if there is some correlation between the response to GH treatment during childhood and adulthood, respectively. This was an observational retrospective monocentric cohort study of 47 patients treated with GH during childhood and adulthood. Changes in growth parameters during childhood were compared with the increase of IGF-I z-score and other indexes of GH response (body composition, lipid profile) after 1 year of treatment in adulthood. The only significant positive correlation was observed between final growth velocity during the last year of childhood GH treatment and increase in IGF-I z-score in GH-treated adults (r=0.592, p=< 0.01). No correlation was observed between growth-promoting effects of GH as child and metabolic changes induced by GH as adult. We also observed a negative correlation between weight at the end of childhood GH treatment and the IGF-I response during first year of treatment in adults (r=− 0.335, p <0.05). No significant positive correlation could be observed between the main parameters that evaluate response to GH treatment in children and adults. However, the final growth velocity, which may be considered as one of the main criteria of end of GH treatment in children, was identified as parameter that could predict future response to GH treatment in adulthood.
Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure During Breastfeeding on the Biochemical and Endocrine Profiles in Rats
Authors: Santos-Silva Ana , de Moura Egberto , Pinheiro Cintia , Oliveira Elaine , Lisboa Patricia
Published: June 2018

Neonates can be exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) through placenta and milk, and BPA is associated with disorders such as precocious puberty and obesity. We evaluated the effects of BPA exposure during breastfeeding on the biochemical and endocrine profiles in young and adult rat progeny. From postnatal day (PND) 3 to 15 dams were divided into low-dose BPA treatment [50 μg/kg/day s.c. (BPA-LD)], high-dose BPA treatment [5 mg/kg/day s.c. (BPA-HD)], and Control (vehicle) groups. Milk was collected at PND15 and 21, which represents the end of exposure and 6 days after withdrawal, respectively. Dams were euthanized at weaning. Offspring of both genders were euthanized at PND15, 21, and 180. Milk estradiol levels were lower in the BPA-HD group than in the control group at PND 15; however, they were higher at PND21. Female rats whose mothers were BPA-exposed showed more significant differences from those in the control group, including better glycemic control and lipid profiles and higher food intake without higher adiposity, in adulthood than in the weaning period, when they presented with higher adiposity and hyperestrogenism. Conversely, male rats showed more abnormalities after BPA exposure compared to control rats, including insulin, leptin, testosterone, and thyroid hormone changes, when young but exhibited fewer alterations in adulthood, with increase only in LDLc in the BPA-HD rats. Taken together, the present findings suggest that exposure to BPA exclusively through milk affects adiposity, metabolism, and/or hormones of offspring in the short and long term, possibly compromising normal development in both sexes.
Triflic Anhydride Promoted Synthesis of Primary Amides and their Conversion into Nitriles
Authors: Rana Anil , Kumar Varun , Tiwari Lata , Thakur Anamika , Meena Chhuttan , Mahajan Dinesh
Published: June 2018

A facile, two-pot conversion of carboxylic acids into the corresponding nitriles has been developed using triflic anhydride as a promoter and aqueous NH4OH as a source of nitrogen. The methodology involves synthesis of primary amides from carboxylic acids as the key first step using triflic anhydride and aqueous NH4OH as a source of ­nitrogen. Triflic anhydride is also found to be an excellent reagent for conversion of primary amides into nitriles, affording high yields with considerable chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance. In spite of the mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope for the two-step conversions, all attempts for one-pot domino conversion of acids into nitriles exhibited limited success because of poor yields.
Über den Einfluß der antithrombotischen Behandlung auf die Narbenbildung nach experimentellem Myokardinfarkt
Authors: Benda L , Zischka W
Published: June 2018

Auf Grund histologischer Untersuchungen an Hunden, bei denen durch Unterbindung des linken apikalen Astes des Ramus descendens der linken Koronararterie eine Myomalazie erzeugt worden war, konnte beim Vergleich mit unbehandelten Tieren unter der Behandlung mit Venostasin keine nachteilige Wirkung im Sinne einer Hemmung der Narbenbildung beobachtet werden. Auch wenn Venostasin überdosiert wurde, verlief die Narbenbildung ungestört.
A Description of Clot Retraction as a Visual Experience
Authors: Ballerini Giorgio , Seegers Walter H
Published: June 2018

Clot retraction is reviewed as a visual experience from the elementary considerations to more complicated and uncertain perspectives. The extent of retraction is dependent upon temperature, cell volume, surface contact, pH, fibrinogen concentration, thrombin concentration, calcium ion concentration, and platelet concentration. Platelets function in their own unique way. This quality is lost by such treatment as dialysis, ultrasonic waves, storage, and freezing. In the latter case there is some protection in glycerol solutions. Plasma contains dialyzable material concerned with clot retraction. This includes glucose and phosphorous, and perhaps other substances. Moreover, plasma contains one or more proteins of interest in clot retraction, and this protein(s) can be adsorbed on barium carbonate and eluted with sodium citrate solution. There may be clot retraction without the dialyzable material of plasma if the nondialyzable protein(s) are present and vice versa. The work is illustrated extensively with photographs and variables are considered in terms of three dimensional projection. In addition the ideas reviewed were developed in terms of information obtained with time lapse motion picture photography.
Etude clinique ”in vivo” de la Résistance du Clou hémostatique chez l’Homme
Authors: Lewalle J , Bounameaux Y , Roskam J
Published: June 2018

Résumé et Conclusions

Après avoir systématiquement étudié le temps de saignement moyen au niveau des avant-bras chez l’homme normal et dans divers états pathologiques, les auteurs ont éprouvé la résistance des clous hémostatiques ayant mis fin aux hémorragies en exerçant au niveau du bras une contre-pression standardisée.

Furent considérés comme anormalement fragiles les clous correspondant à des reprises des saignements, comme résistants les clous s’opposant à de telles reprises.

Des observations ainsi effectuées, il résulte notamment que 1º) les clous hémostatiques des thrombopéniques sont résistants, et peut-être même davantage que ceux des sujets normaux; 2º) chez des patients traités, surtout énergiquement, par des anticoagulants indirects ou souffrant d’une coagulopathie, on observe de façon générale une diminution de la résistance des clous hémostatiques.
Prothrombin as Co-Factor of the Circulating Anticoagulant in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
Authors: Loeliger A , Alsbach E. J. J ,   with the technical assistance of Miss
Published: June 2018

A 35-year old man with lupus erythematosus of the skin is demonstrated, who also shows signs of systemic L. E.: sometimes slightly increased ESR, varying thrombocytopenia, slightly prolonged coagulation and prothrombin time, positive cepnalin-cholesterol flocculation test, biologically false positive syphilis reactions and signs of a slightly increased haemolysis. Electrophoretic examination of the serum proteins presents practically normal values, certainly no hypergammaglobulinaemia. Analytical examination of coagulation reveals hypoprothrombinaemia and an anticoagulant most probably directed against thrombocyte factor 3, intrinsic thromboplastin and tissue thromboplastin. The anticoagulant seems to be only active in the presence of prothrombin. Prothrombin therefore, is considered a co-factor of the anticoagulant. The inactive anticoagulant is localized in the gamma globulins. The possible cause of the hypoprothrombinaemia (immune reaction?) and the data in the literature are discussed.
Urokinase Excretion in Health and its Alteration in Certain Disease States
Authors: Smyrniotis Fotios E , Fletcher Anthony P , Alkjaersig Norma , Sherry Sol
Published: June 2018

1. Urokinase excretion rates in normal subjects were found to be independent of age, sex and urine volume.

2. Urokinase excretion rates were found to be raised following the onset of myocardial infarction (p < 0.001) and after an attack of coronary insufficiency (p = 0.02). Excretion rates were depressed in patients suffering from carcinomatosis (p < 0.001), congestive cardiac failure (0.05 < p < 0.1) and uremia (p < 0.001).

3. These differences suggest that significant alterations in the plasma fibrinolytic system may result as a consequence of disease states.
Arthroscopic Dorsal Capsuloplasty in Scapholunate Tears EWAS 3: Preliminary Results after a Minimum Follow-up of 1 Year
Authors: Coulomb Rémy , Kouyoumdjian Pascal , Mares Olivier , Degeorge Benjamin
Published: June 2018

Purpose We retrospectively evaluated the results of all arthroscopic dorsal scapholunate (SL) capsuloplasty without pinning in patients presenting predynamic instability and dorsal capsuloscapholunate septum lesions on arthro–computed tomography scan after failed medical treatment.

Materials and Methods Fifteen patients, mean age 34.3 years, underwent all arthroscopically assisted dorsal capsuloplasty. Patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by a clinical (pain, Watson's test, range of motion, and strength), functional (quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand), patient-rated wrist evaluation, and Mayo wrist score scores), and radiological (SL gap and dorsal intercalated segmental instability [DISI]) examination. SL tears were evaluated during surgery by European Wrist Arthroscopy Society (EWAS) classification.

Results The mean follow-up period was 20.2 months (range, 12–41). Preoperatively, positive Watson's test was noted in all cases. DISI deformity was noted in three cases without any SL gap. The SL instability was graded EWAS IIIB (n = 8) or EWAS IIIC (n = 7). Postoperatively, positive Watson's test was noted in only one case. Activity pain decreased from 7.8 preoperatively to 2.4 postoperatively. Range of motion in flexion–extension increased from 92.9 degrees preoperatively to 126.2 degrees postoperatively. Grip strength increased from 24.2 preoperatively to 38.2 postoperatively. At final follow-up, range of motion in flexion–extension and grip strength were estimated at 87 and 91% compared with contralateral side, respectively. All functional scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up. No radiographic SL gapping in grip views or DISI deformity was noted.

Discussion Cadaveric studies demonstrated that the dorsal portion of SL ligament is critical for the stability of the SL complex. The entire arthroscopic SL capsuloplasty technique provides reliable results for pain relief, avoiding postoperative stiffness associated with open procedures. It is an alternative technique for patients with predynamic SL instability after failure of medical management and shall not prelude the resort to any further open procedure.

Level of Evidence This is a level IV, case series.
Percutaneous Management of Enterocutaneous Fistulae and Abscess–Fistula Complexes
Authors: Erickson Abigail , Ahuja Chaitanya , Vea Romulo , Sangster Guillermo , D'Agostino Horacio , Ballard David
Published: June 2018

Abscess–fistula complexes and enterocutaneous fistulae are due to postoperative, spontaneous, and inflammatory etiologies. Conservative, percutaneous, endoscopic, and surgical treatment options are available options. Interventional radiologists have an array of different treatment strategies, often starting with percutaneous drainage of associated intra-abdominal abscesses. This review article details different percutaneous management strategies, focusing on percutaneous catheter strategies for abscess-fistula complexes along with tract closures strategies for enterocutaneous fistulae.
Variability in Immunization Practices for Preterm Infants
Authors: Gopal Srirupa , Edwards Kathryn , Creech Buddy , Weitkamp Joern-Hendrik
Published: June 2018

Introduction The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend the same immunization schedule for preterm and term infants. However, significant delays in vaccination of premature infants have been reported.

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the variability of immunization practices in preterm infants.

Study Design We conducted an online survey of 2,443 neonatologists in the United States, who are members of the Section for Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine of the AAP. Questions were targeted at immunization practices in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Results Of the 420 responses (17%) received, 55% of providers administer the first vaccine at >2-month chronological age. Most providers (83%) surveyed reported delaying vaccines in the setting of clinical illness. Sixty percent reported increasing frequency of apnea–bradycardia events following immunization. More than half administer the initial vaccines over several days despite lack of supporting data. Reported considerations in delaying or spreading out 2-month vaccines were clinical instability, provider preference, lower gestational age, and lower birth weight.

Conclusion This survey substantiates the variability of immunizations practices in the NICU and identifies reasons for this variability. Future studies should inform better practice guidance for immunization of preterm NICU patients based on vaccine safety and effectiveness.
Physicians' Estimates of Electronic Prescribing's Impact on Patient Safety and Quality of Care
Authors: Kivekäs Eija , Mikkonen Santtu , Borycki Elizabeth , Ihantola Sami , Saranto Kaija
Published: June 2018

Background Electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) is a potentially important intervention that can be used to reduce errors. It provides many potential benefits over handwritten medication prescriptions, including standardization, legibility, audit trails, and decision support. Electronic health record (EHR) and e-prescribing systems may greatly enhance communication and improve the quality and safety of care.

Objectives Our aim is to investigate physician's opinions about the influence of electronic prescriptions on patient safety and quality of care.

Methods This study extends the technology acceptance model to analyze the acceptance of e-prescribing and adds an understanding of what kind of impact the external variables (patient identification and the interoperability of applications) have on physicians' individual work performance (i.e., patient safety and quality of care). The empirical analysis uses data from surveys conducted in 2012 and 2014 in Finland. The participants were physicians, and e-prescribing was the only method that could be used for prescribing medication when these studies were conducted.

Results Physicians' perceived usefulness of e-prescribing was significantly associated with patient safety and quality of care. The interoperability of an EHR had a significant effect on both the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of e-prescribing. The findings show that experience with an e-prescribing system has a positive effect on participants' perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of e-prescribing.

Conclusion This study highlights potential safety and efficiency benefits associated with integrated health information technology in health care. The perceived usefulness of e-prescribing affected physicians' opinions on patient safety and quality of care.
Mode of Delivery in Previable Births
Authors: DeFranco Emily , Rossi Robert
Published: June 2018

Objective Preterm birth before 23 weeks of gestation typically results in neonatal death (5% survival). Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists published consensus guidelines recommending cesarean delivery (CD) not be performed for fetal indications between 20 and 226/7 weeks given the lack of proven benefit. We sought to quantify the previable CD rate and identify characteristics associated with previable CD.

Methods We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of all live births in Ohio (2006–2015). Frequency of previable CD was stratified by week of gestation, defined as delivery between 16 and < 23 weeks of gestation. Maternal, obstetric, and neonatal characteristics were compared between women who underwent vaginal delivery versus CD. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the relative influence of maternal and fetal factors on the outcome of CD among previable live births.

Results Of 1,463,506 live births in Ohio during the 10-year study period, 2,865 births (0.2%) occurred during the previable period of 16 to 22 weeks. Nearly 1 in 10 live births at less than 23 weeks was delivered by cesarean (n = 273/2,865), CD rate 9.5% (95% confidence interval, 8.5–10.7). At 16 to 22 weeks of gestation, the CD rates were 0, 5.5, 7.6, 3.5, 5.4, 10.1, and 15.1%, respectively. Factors associated with CD included increasing parity, increasing birth weight, maternal corticosteroid administration, and fetal malpresentation. Previable neonates born by CD were more likely to be admitted to the NICU, receive ventilator support, and more likely to be living at the time of birth certificate filing.

Conclusion Nearly 1 out of 10 births during the previable period was delivered via cesarean. Factors associated with previable CD suggest intent for neonatal interventions, such as NICU admission and supportive therapies. Our findings support that education and adherence with guidelines for care of previable births are a potential area of focus for perinatal quality improvement efforts.
Psychisch erkrankte Klienten in der ambulanten Ergotherapie – Welche angebote können wir Machen?
Authors: Stamm Anja
Published: June 2018

Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen fehlt häufig eine durchgehende und adäquate Versorgung. Ergotherapeuten in der Praxis könnten diese Lücke mit einer klientenzentrierten Therapie, Eigeninitiative und kreativen Ideen schließen.
The effect of mechanosensitive channel MscL expression in cancer cells on 3D confined migration
Authors: Heureaux-Torres Johanna , Luker Kathryn E. , Haley Henry , Pirone Matthew , Lee Lap Man , Herrera Yoani , Luker Gary D. , Liu Allen P.
Published: June 2018

Metastatic cancer cells migrate through constricted spaces and experience significant compressive stress, but mechanisms enabling migration in confined geometries remain unclear. Cancer cell migration within confined 3-dimensional (3D) microfluidic channels has been shown to be distinct from 2D cell migration. However, whether 3D confined migration can be manipulated by mechanosensory components has not been examined in detail. In this work, we exogenously introduced a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) into metastatic breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. We discovered that inducing expression of a gain-of-function G22S mutant of MscL in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced spontaneous lung metastasis without affecting the growth of orthotopic tumor implants. To further investigate the effects of G22S MscL on cell migration, we designed a microfluidic device with channels of various cross-sections ranging from a 2D planar environment to narrow 3D constrictions. Both MscL G22S and control breast cancer cells migrated progressively slower in more constricted environments. Migration of cells expressing MscL G22S did not differ from control cells, even though MscL was activated in cells in constricted channels of 3 μm width. Interestingly, we found MscL expressing cells to be more frequently “stuck” at the entrance of the 3 μm channels and failed to migrate into the microchannel. Our work demonstrates the possibility of engineering mechanotransduction for controlling confined cell migration.
Expansion of a single Shockley stacking fault in a 4H-SiC (112¯0) epitaxial layer caused by electron beam irradiation
Authors: Ishikawa Yukari , Sudo Masaki , Yao Yong-Zhao , Sugawara Yoshihiro , Kato Masashi
Published: June 2018

The expansion behavior of a single Shockley stacking fault (SSSF) originating from a basal plane dislocation in a 4H-SiC epitaxial layer on the (112¯0) a-plane under electron beam (EB) (//[112¯0]) irradiation was observed. The width of the SSSF was proportional to the EB current. EB irradiation at a fixed spot outside an SSSF can expand the SSSF as effectively as direct SSSF irradiation. It was found that the selective excitation of an SSSF and/or a Si-core partial dislocation (PD) is possible by appropriately setting the EB irradiation position because the cathodoluminescence spectrum varies with the irradiation position around an SSSF. The rate of SSSF expansion upon the indirect excitation of a Si-core PD is much larger than that upon direct SSSF excitation. However, the expansion rate under both indirect SSSF excitation and indirect Si-core PD excitation is smaller than that under indirect Si-core excitation. The C-core PD became mobile after supplying a threshold number of electron-hole pairs.
Nonlinear plasmonic behavior of nanohole arrays in thin gold films for imaging lipids
Authors: Subramaniyam Nagarajan , Shah Ali , Dreser Christoph , Isomäki Antti , Fleischer Monika , Sopanen Markku
Published: June 2018

We demonstrate linear and nonlinear plasmonic behaviors of periodic nanohole arrays in thin gold (Au) films with varying periodicities. As expected, the linear optical transmission spectra of the nanohole arrays show a red-shift of the resonance wavelength and Wood's anomaly with increasing hole spacing. The optical transmission and electric near-field intensity distribution of the nanohole arrays are simulated using the finite element method. The nonlinear plasmonic behavior of the nanohole arrays is studied by using picosecond pulsed excitation at near-infrared wavelengths. The characteristic nonlinear signals indicating two-photon excited luminescence (TPEL), sum frequency generation, second harmonic generation, and four-wave mixing (FWM) are observed. A maximum FWM/TPEL signal intensity ratio is achieved for nanohole arrays with a periodicity of 500 nm. Furthermore, the significant FWM signal intensity and contrast compared to the background were harnessed to demonstrate the ability of surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering to visualize low concentrations of lipids deposited on the nanohole array with a periodicity of 500 nm.