bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the melt-growth process of YbBa2Cu3O7−δ powder in Ag-sheathed tapes
Authors: Zhang Zili , Jiang Jianyi , Tian Hui , Wang Qiuliang , Larbalestier David C. , Hellstrom Eric E.
Published: February 2019

We investigate the reaction mechanism of the melting and regrowth of Yb123 in Ag tape, which provides a starting point to fabricate Ag-sheathed Yb123 wires by PIT.
A fractional crystallization technique towards pure mega-size CsPb2Br5 single crystal films
Authors: Yin Jian , Zhang Guodong , Tao Xutang
Published: February 2019

A simple method called fractional crystallization was introduced to prepare pure large-area CsPb2Br5 single crystal films with high stability.
Dissociative photoionization of CF3Cl via the C2E and D2E states: competition of the C–F and C–Cl bond cleavages
Authors: Wu Xiangkun , Yu Tongpo , Chen Yan , Zhou Xiaoguo , Liu Shilin , Dai Xinhua , Liu Fuyi , Sheng Liusi
Published: February 2019

Competition between C–F and C–Cl ruptures in the dissociative photoionization of CF3Cl via C2E and D2E ionic states
Time-resolved IR spectroscopy reveals mechanistic details of ion transport in the sodium pumpKrokinobacter eikastusrhodopsin 2
Authors: Asido Marvin , Eberhardt Peter , Kriebel Clara Nassrin , Braun Markus , Glaubitz Clemens , Wachtveitl Josef
Published: February 2019

We report a comparative study on the structural dynamics of the light-driven sodium pumpKrokinobacter eikastusrhodopsin 2 wild type under sodium and proton pumping conditions by means of time-resolved IR spectroscopy.
Improving the sensitivity of a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer via expansion-chamber pressure reduction
Authors: Yuan Honglin , Bao Zhian , Chen Kaiyun , Zong Chunlei , Chen Lu , Zhang Tao
Published: February 2019

In this work, we improved the sensitivity of a MC-ICP-MS by increasing the vacuum of the expansion chamber using a high-speed EH mechanical booster pump in conjunction with a standard E2M80 pump.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of fullerene derivatives containing a C60-fluorene core
Authors: Yu Tianzhi , Zhang Tong , Wang Xin , Zhao Yuling , Wei Chengjin , Li Yanmei , Zhang Hui
Published: February 2019

Three novel fullerene derivatives were synthesized, which could be used as electron acceptors in the P3HT-based organic photovoltaic cells.
The first enantioselective strategy towards speciosins
Authors: Peixoto de Abreu Lima Alejandro , Suescun Leopoldo , Pandolfi Enrique , Schapiro Valeria
Published: February 2019

We introduce chirality with a biotransformation and a side chain with a Sonogashira reaction, for the first enantioselective strategy for speciosins.
Amaryllidaceae andSceletiumalkaloids
Authors: Jin Zhong , Yao Guangmin
Published: February 2019

Recent progress on the isolation, identification, biological activity and synthetic studies of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, as well as the structurally close alkaloids from theSceletiumgenus, published from July 2015 to June 2017 are reviewed.
The luminescence properties of CsPbxM1−xBr3 perovskite nanocrystals transformed from Cs4PbBr6 mediated by various divalent bromide MBr2 salts
Authors: Shen Zhaohui , Qiao Bo , Xu Zheng , Song Dandan , Gao Di , Song Pengjie , Cao Jingyue , Bai Qiongyu , Wu Yuanchun , Zhao Suling
Published: February 2019

A novel high concentration doping method, Cs4PbBr6 reacting with MBr2 (ZnBr2, MnBr2, EuBr2) and transforming to CsPbxM1−xBr3 nanocrystals, was developed.
Iodine-promoted radical alkyl sulfuration of imidazopyridines with dialkyl azo compounds and elemental sulfur
Authors: Gao Yong-Chao , Huang Zhuo-Bin , Xu Li , Li Zhao-Dong , Lai Zhi-Sheng , Tang Ri-Yuan
Published: February 2019

Dialkyl azo compounds were found to be effective alkyl radical sources for direct alkyl sulfuration with imidazopyridines using elemental sulfur under metal-free conditions.
Ultrasensitive detection of the androgen receptor through the recognition of an androgen receptor response element and hybridization chain amplification
Authors: Yao Binbin , Zhu Sha , Xu Xinyu , Feng Ninghan , Tian Yaping , Zhou Nandi
Published: February 2019

The androgen receptor is detected through the protection of a DNA duplex from restriction endonuclease-mediated digestion and a subsequent hybridization chain reaction.
Intermolecular, redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenesviaphotoredox catalysis
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhu Shengqing , Qin Jian , Chu Lingling
Published: February 2019

An intermolecular, redox-neutral azidoarylation of alkenes with pyridines and TMSN3has been reportedviavisible light-induced photoredox catalysis.
Revealing the mechanism of contrasting charge transport properties for phenyl and thienyl substituent organic semiconductors
Authors: Zhu Yanan , Zeng Xianzhe , Fu Tianchen , Cao Yang , Meng Hong
Published: February 2019

The influence of steric hindrance and HOMO overlap on charge transfer performance for phenyl and thienyl substituent organic semiconductors.
Redesigning hazardous chemicals by learning from structure-based drug discovery
Authors: Clymer Traci , Vargas Vanessa , Corcoran Eric , Kleinberg Robin , Kostal Jakub
Published: February 2019

We demonstrate how statistical free energy perturbation calculations used in drug discovery can be extended to safer chemical design.
Correction: Multifunctional mixed valence N-doped CNT@MFe2O4 hybrid nanomaterials: from engineered one-pot coprecipitation to application in energy storage paper supercapacitors
Authors: Pereira Clara , Costa Rui S. , Lopes Laury , Bachiller-Baeza Belén , Rodríguez-Ramos Inmaculada , Guerrero-Ruiz Antonio , Tavares Pedro B. , Freire Cristina , Pereira André M.
Published: February 2019

Correction for ‘Multifunctional mixed valence N-doped CNT@MFe2O4 hybrid nanomaterials: from engineered one-pot coprecipitation to application in energy storage paper supercapacitors’ by Clara Pereira et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 12820–12840.
TBA loop mapping with 3′-inverted-deoxythymidine for fine-tuning of the binding affinity for α-thrombin
Authors: Chai Zhilong , Guo Lei , Jin Hongwei , Li Yang , Du Shanshan , Shi Yucong , Wang Chuhan , Shi Weiguo , He Junlin
Published: February 2019

Inverted thymine was used for replacing each loop residue, respectively, and the new locations of thymine induced increased thermal stability and anti-coagulant ability, with position dependence.
Overexpression of UHRF1 promoted the proliferation of vascular smooth cells via the regulation of Geminin protein levels
Authors: Chen Xia , Zhou You-li , Liang Shi-yu , Shi Yan-chuan , Lin Shu , Shu Mao-qin
Published: February 2019

Geminin is an inhibitor of DNA replication licensing and cell cycle. Our previous study demonstrates that Geminin plays an important role in regulating phenotypic diversity and growth of vascular smooth cells (VSMCs). Ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING Finger domains 1 (UHRF1) is an epigenetic coordinator, whose RING domain confers intrinsic E3 ligase activity, mediating the ubiquitination of several proteins and the protein–protein interaction. Aberrant expression of UHRF1 was related to aggressiveness of multiple human malignancies, where knockdown of UHRF1 led to decreased proliferation of cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether proper UHRF1 function is involved in aberrant proliferation and phenotypic switching of VSMCs via altering Geminin protein levels. In present study, in UHRF1-overexpressing A10 cells, 3H-thymidine and 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) and CCK8 were used to examine the proliferation of VSMCs. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to investigate whether UHRF1-mediated effects were achieved by altering Geminin expression in VSMCs. RNA-seq analysis was performed to dissect related mechanisms or signaling pathways of these effects. The results of in vitro experiments suggested that UHRF1 prompted proliferation and cell cycle of VSMCs via the down-regulation of Geminin protein levels with no change in Geminin mRNA expression. Besides, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was increased upon UHRF1 up-regulation. Our study demonstrated that overexpressing UHRF1 was involved in VSMCs proliferation through reducing inhibitory Geminin protein levels to promote cell cycle as well as activating PI3K-Akt signaling. This may provide key knowledge for the development of better strategies to prevent diseases related to VSMCs abnormal proliferation.
Emerging paradigms for PilZ domain-mediated C-di-GMP signaling
Authors: Cheang Qing Wei , Xin Lingyi , Chea Rachel Yuen Fong , Liang Zhao-Xun
Published: February 2019

PilZ domain-containing proteins constitute a large family of bacterial signaling proteins. As a widely distributed protein domain for the binding of the second messenger c-di-GMP, the canonical PilZ domain contains a set of motifs that define the binding site for c-di-GMP and an allosteric switch for propagating local conformational changes. Here, we summarize some new insights gathered from recent studies on the commonly occurring single-domain PilZ proteins, YcgR-like proteins and PilZ domain-containing cellulose synthases. The studies collectively illuminate how PilZ domains function as cis- or trans-regulatory domains that enable c-di-GMP to control the activity of its cellular targets. Overall, the review highlights the diverse protein structure, biological function and regulatory mechanism of PilZ domain-containing proteins, as well as the challenge of deciphering the function and mechanism of orphan PilZ proteins.
Transcription initiation factor TBP: old friend new questions
Authors: Kramm Kevin , Engel Christoph , Grohmann Dina
Published: February 2019

In all domains of life, the regulation of transcription by DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RNAPs) is achieved at the level of initiation to a large extent. Whereas bacterial promoters are recognized by a σ-factor bound to the RNAP, a complex set of transcription factors that recognize specific promoter elements is employed by archaeal and eukaryotic RNAPs. These initiation factors are of particular interest since the regulation of transcription critically relies on initiation rates and thus formation of pre-initiation complexes. The most conserved initiation factor is the TATA-binding protein (TBP), which is of crucial importance for all archaeal-eukaryotic transcription initiation complexes and the only factor required to achieve full rates of initiation in all three eukaryotic and the archaeal transcription systems. Recent structural, biochemical and genome-wide mapping data that focused on the archaeal and specialized RNAP I and III transcription system showed that the involvement and functional importance of TBP is divergent from the canonical role TBP plays in RNAP II transcription. Here, we review the role of TBP in the different transcription systems including a TBP-centric discussion of archaeal and eukaryotic initiation complexes. We furthermore highlight questions concerning the function of TBP that arise from these findings.
Terahertz fibre transmission link using resonant tunnelling diodes integrated with photonic‐crystal waveguides
Authors: Yu X. , Hosoda Y. , Miyamoto T. , Obata K. , Kim J.‐Y. , Fujita M. , Nagatsuma T.
Published: February 2019

The authors present an expanded porous polytetrafluoroethylene terahertz fibre transmission link using resonant tunnelling diodes integrated with photonic‐crystal waveguides as a transmitter and a receiver. The measured coupling efficiency between the terahertz fibre and the photonic‐crystal waveguide integrated with a silicon tapered coupler is ∼30% with a 3 dB bandwidth of 50 GHz at the 0.3 THz band. Error‐free 10 Gbit/s transmission and uncompressed 4 K high‐definition video transmission have been successfully demonstrated using 1 m‐long terahertz fibre.
Low-metallicity massive single stars with rotation
Authors: Kubátová B. , Szécsi D. , Sander A. A. C. , Kubát J. , Tramper F. , Krtička J. , Kehrig C. , Hamann W.-R. , Hainich R. , Shenar T.
Published: February 2019

Context. Metal-poor massive stars are assumed to be progenitors of certain supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and compact object mergers that might contribute to the early epochs of the Universe with their strong ionizing radiation. However, this assumption remains mainly theoretical because individual spectroscopic observations of such objects have rarely been carried out below the metallicity of the Small Magellanic Cloud.

Aims. Here we explore the predictions of the state-of-the-art theories of stellar evolution combined with those of stellar atmospheres about a certain type of metal-poor (0.02 Z⊙) hot massive stars, the chemically homogeneously evolving stars that we call Transparent Wind Ultraviolet INtense (TWUIN) stars.

Methods. We computed synthetic spectra corresponding to a broad range in masses (20−130 M⊙) and covering several evolutionary phases from the zero-age main-sequence up to the core helium-burning stage. We investigated the influence of mass loss and wind clumping on spectral appearance and classified the spectra according to the Morgan-Keenan (MK) system.

Results. We find that TWUIN stars show almost no emission lines during most of their core hydrogen-burning lifetimes. Most metal lines are completely absent, including nitrogen. During their core helium-burning stage, lines switch to emission, and even some metal lines (oxygen and carbon, but still almost no nitrogen) are detected. Mass loss and clumping play a significant role in line formation in later evolutionary phases, particularly during core helium-burning. Most of our spectra are classified as an early-O type giant or supergiant, and we find Wolf–Rayet stars of type WO in the core helium-burning phase.

Conclusions. An extremely hot, early-O type star observed in a low-metallicity galaxy could be the result of chemically homogeneous evolution and might therefore be the progenitor of a long-duration gamma-ray burst or a type Ic supernova. TWUIN stars may play an important role in reionizing the Universe because they are hot without showing prominent emission lines during most of their lifetime.
Long-term spot monitoring of the young solar analogue V889 Herculis
Authors: Willamo T. , Hackman T. , Lehtinen J. J. , Käpylä M. J. , Ilyin I. , Henry G. W. , Jetsu L. , Kochukhov O. , Piskunov N.
Published: February 2019

Context. Starspots are important manifestations of stellar magnetic activity. By studying their behaviour in young solar analogues, we can unravel the properties of their magnetic cycles. This gives crucial information of the underlying dynamo process. Comparisons with the solar cycle enable us to infer knowledge about how the solar dynamo has evolved during the Sun’s lifetime.

Aims. Here we study the correlation between photometric brightness variations, spottedness, and mean temperature in V889 Her, a young solar analogue. Our data covers 18 years of spectroscopic and 25 years of photometric observations.

Methods. We use Doppler imaging to derive temperature maps from high-resolution spectra. We use the Continuous Period Search method to retrieve mean V-magnitudes from photometric data.

Results. Our Doppler imaging maps show a persistent polar spot structure varying in strength. This structure is centred slightly off the rotational pole. The mean temperature derived from the maps shows an overall decreasing trend, as does the photometric mean brightness, until it reaches its minimum around 2017. The filling factor of cool spots, however, shows only a weak tendency to anti-correlate with the decreasing mean brightness.

Conclusions. We interpret V889 Her to have entered into a grand maximum in its activity. The clear relation between the mean temperature of the Doppler imaging surface maps and the mean magnitude supports the reliability of the Doppler images. The lack of correlation between the mean magnitude and the spottedness may indicate that bright features in the Doppler images are real.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of HR6W alloy dedicated for manufacturing of pressure elements in supercritical and ultrasupercritical power units
Authors: Golański Grzegorz , Merda Agata , Zieliński Adam , Urbańczyk Paweł , Słania Jacek , Kierat Milena
Published: February 2019

The article presents the results of research on the microstructure and selected mechanical properties of HR6W nickel-base alloy. The test alloy was subjected to isothermal ageing at 700°C and for up to 10000h. The tests of the HR6W microstructure were performed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The performed microstructural tests of the HR6W alloy showed that in the as-received condition it was characterised by the structure of nickel austenite with numerous primary precipitates of NbC and TiN. Ageing of the investigated alloy contributed to the precipitation of numerous particles of varying morphologies inside the grains and at the grain boundaries, as well as at the boundaries of twins - they were the secondary precipitates of M23C6 and Laves phase. The number of the particles precipitated at the boundaries was so large that they formed the so-called continuous grid of precipitates. Inside the grains, the presence of compound complexes of precipitates was observed. These complexes consisted of the TiN particles, as well as the M23C6 carbides and Laves phase nucleating on them. The tests of the mechanical properties of HR6W alloy showed that in the as-received condition the alloy showed high plastic properties, with relatively low strength properties - in particular, the yield strength. Ageing of the HR6W alloy, as a result of precipitation of numerous particles in the matrix, through the strengthening with the precipitation mechanism, resulted in a considerable growth of the strength properties - inter alia the yield strength by over 60%, with the reduction of the plastic properties - elongation decreased by around 40%. Similar growth in the test alloy was observed for hardness.
Light meson decays at BESIII
Authors: Yan Wencheng
Published: February 2019

The BESIII experiment has accumulated the world’s largest data samples of 1.3 billion J/ψ events and 0.45 billion ψ(3686) events, which provide a unique opportunity to investigate light meson decays. The η and η′ decays are sensitive tools for investigations of π − π and η − π interactions, symmetry breaking, and serve as a test of chiral perturbation theory. In recent years considerable results on η and η′ decays were achieved at the BESIII experiment. In this proceeding, we present the significant progresses on amplitude analyses of Dalitz decays η' → 3π,η' → ηππ, and radiative decay η' → γπ+π−, η' → γγπ0. Additionally, the $a_0^0\left( {980} \right) - {f_0}\left( {980} \right)$ mixing is an important probe to the nature of those two lightest scalar mesons. The first observation of $a_0^0\left( {980} \right) - {f_0}\left( {980} \right)$ mixing is also presented, which will help to improve the understanding of the nature of $a_0^0\left( {980} \right)$ and f0(980).
There is only one set of the correct values of fF, fD and fS coupling constants in SU(3) invariant Lagrangian of the vector-meson-baryon interactions
Authors: Adamuščín Cyril , Bartoš Erik , Dubnička Stanislav , Dubničková Anna Z.
Published: February 2019

One can prove, there is generally eight various ω − ø mixings forms in elementary particle physics, which on one side give different forms of the vector-meson-nucleon coupling constants through fF, fD and fS in SU(3) invariant Lagrangian of the vector-meson-baryon interactions, and on the other side different signs of the universal vector-meson coupling constants fρ, fω and fø. Identical set of numerical values of fF, fD and fS is evaluated only in that case, if the same ω − ø mixing is applied to a derivation of the vectormeson-nucleon coupling constant forms and also to the signs of the universal vector-meson coupling constants fρ, fω and fø.
Λ hyperon spin polarization and CP tests at BESIII
Authors: Adlarson P. , Li C.
Published: February 2019

In these proceedings two preliminary results from the BESIII collaboration on polarized Λ and $\bar \Lambda$ are reported. Both results are first observations and concern the resonant and non-resonant processes ${e^ - }{e^ + } \to J/\psi \to \Lambda \bar \Lambda$ and ${e^ - }{e^ + } \to {\gamma ^\ast} \to \Lambda \bar \Lambda$ at $\sqrt s = 2.396\,{\rm{GeV}}$, respectively. For $J/\psi \to \Lambda \bar \Lambda$ the relative phase between the electric and magnetic form factors, ΔΦ, has for the first time been determined, $\Delta \Phi = 42.4{(6)_{{\rm{stat}}}}(5)_{_{{\rm{syst}}}}^^\circ$. That $\Delta \Phi \ne 0$ allows for a simultaneous measurement also of the asymmetry decay parameters $\Lambda \to p{\pi ^ - }\,({\alpha _ - })$, $\bar \Lambda \to \bar p{\pi ^ + }\,({\alpha _ + })$ and $\bar \Lambda \to \bar n{\pi ^0}\,({\bar \alpha _0})$. The measured value of ${\alpha _ - } = 0.750 \pm 0.009 \pm 0.004$ differs by 17(3)% from the PDG value. The simultaneous measurement for the asymmetry parameters allows for the most precise test of CP violation conducted for Λ decays, ACP = −0.006(12)stat(7)syst. The reaction ${e^ - }{e^ + } \to \Lambda \bar \Lambda$ at $\sqrt s = 2.396\,{\rm{GeV}}$ is the first complete measurement of the time-like electric (GE) and magnetic (GM) form factor of any baryon as also the ratio R = |(GE/(GM)| and ΔΦ have been determined: R = 0.96(14)(12) and $\Delta \Phi = 37{(12)_{{\rm{stat}}}}(6)_{{\rm{stat}}}^\circ$. The obtained cross-section and effective form factor are σ = 119.0(53)stat(51)syst pb and |G| = 0.123(3)stat(3)syst, respectively.
The onsets of deconfinement and fireball of NA61/SHINE
Authors: Larsen Dag
Published: February 2019

The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS is pursuing a rich programme on strong interactions, covering the study of onset of deconfinement and aims to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter by performing an energy and system-size scan at the full CERN SPS momentum range. These scans of p+p, p+Pb, Be+Be, Ar+Sc and Pb+Pb have been mostly completed with Xe+La last year (more Pb+Pb to to taken this year).

Results from the different reactions are now emerging. As a surprise, some measurements did not scale smoothly. In particular, for the K+/π+ ratio, Be+Be collisions behaved similarly to p+p (as superposition of nucleon collisions), while Ar+Sc was closer to Pb+Pb collisions. This step can not be explained by onset of deconfinement, and may indicate that there is also a onset of fireball in relativistic heavy ion collisions. A review of the results as well as possible interpretation will be presented. The theoretical models (SMES, PHSD) describe onset of deconfinement at the heaviest system relatively well. However, no model describes the behaviour of data at previously unmeasured collisions of light and intermediate size ions. The onset of fireball is not described by any model.
Study of the time reversal symmetry in the decay of ortho-Positronium atoms using the J-PET detector
Authors: Raj Juhi , Silarski Michał
Published: February 2019

The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) is a novel device based on organic scintillators being developed at Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland. J-PET is an axially symmetric and high acceptance scanner that can be used as a multi-purpose detector system. It is well suited to pursue tests of discrete symmetries in decays of positronium in addition to medical imaging. J-PET enables measurement of both momenta and polarization vectors of annihilation photons. The latter is a unique feature of the J-PET detector which allows study of the time reversal symmetry violation operator constructed solely from the annihilation photons momenta before and after scattering within the detector.
Design of a detector to study S=−2$S = - 2$ baryon interactions induced by stopped antiproton annihilation
Authors: Alfs D. , Grzonka D. , Kilian K. , Ritman J. , Sefzick T.
Published: February 2019

Stopped antiproton annihilation can initiate an effcient chain of reactions to produce Ξ hyperons in recoil free kinematics, suitable for further investigations of ΞN interactions. Four delayed decays and presence of eight charged particles in the final state provide a clean reaction signature and allow for usage of a non-magnetic detection system. With the low energy phase space cooled antiproton beam from ELENA at the CERN AD or future FLAIR facility the realisation of this experiment would become possible. In this article the foreseen detector setup and the experimental program will be presented.
The tests of CP and CPT symmetry using the J-PET detector
Authors: Mohammed Muhsin , Gajos Aleksander
Published: February 2019

Symmetries under the parity transformation (P), charge-conjugation (C) and time reversal (T) are of fundamental importance in nuclear and elementary particle physics. Studies of the observables violating the combined CP symmetry constitute precise tests of the Standard Model. However, CP violation was observed to date only for systems involving quarks, raising the importance of searches its manifestations e.g. in purely leptonic systems. The 3γ decay of spin-aligned ortho-positronium atoms (o-Ps) can be used to test CP invariance in such a purely leptonic system. The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) detection system enables experimental tests of CP and CPT through measurement of the expectation values of angular correlation operators odd under these transformations and constructed from (i) spin vector of the ortho-positronium atom, (ii) co-planar momentum vectors of photons originating from the decay of the positronium atom, and (iii) linear polarization direction of annihilation photons. Precise experimental symmetry tests with J-PET are possible thanks to a dedicated reconstruction technique of 3γ ortho-positronium decays and a positronium production chamber including a highly porous aerogel target, whose setup allows for determining the orthopositronium spin polarization without the use of an external magnetic field.
Inter– multi- and trans-disciplinary approaches in astronomy education research
Authors: Lanciano Nicoletta
Published: February 2019

Looking at human and natural reality, based on experience and awareness of its complexity, the western style of knowledge was divided into disciplines. These developed their own language and methods in relation to their objects of study. The separation, useful in some stages of study and in their specific development, was often simplistic and damaging both in scientific elaboration, to meet the challenges that nature and the future offers us, and in didactic transposition of knowledge. Studies in general education and cognitive psychology, and more recently neurosciences, show that aspects of different disciplines are formed and stimulated in parallel, and also motion and cognition are linked in the brain. The research confirms that cognitive experience is linked to the body and to emotions, more than school organizations often wanted to recognize. Therefore, inter-, multi- and trans-disciplinary approaches better relate to the objects of study, to teaching methodologies, and to teaching research methods. To analyze these issues, I present reflections from my Astronomy teaching experiences with students of different ages in Italy and elsewhere, and I present open questions about teaching and learning, in and out of school, and about teacher training.
Astrobiology in Teacher Training. Addressing research methodology and epistemology in Humanities and social-science classes
Authors: Waltemathe Michael , Hemminger Elke
Published: February 2019

In a preliminary empirical study of social-science and humanities students enrolled in teacher-training programs at two German universities, the authors have found a disparaging view of technology and science among said students. Their material knowledge of technology and science is the result of content they learned in high-school themselves. After having graduated, they chose social-sciences or humanities as their subjects. There is little or no overlap between science and engineering subjects and social-science and humanities subjects in teacher training programs. Apart from the students choices, this is also the consequence of an institutionally established and strict segregation of the academic fields that does not, unlike in other university systems, require the students to enroll in at least basic interdisciplinary courses. The result for science and technology awareness among the students is problematic, to say the least. While their knowledge of science and technology -being the product of high-school education - is often not up to date and also lacking in current developments, their moral and ethical judgement about the implications of scientific research and use of technology is strong. The preliminary study also showed that the students are interested in new technological and scientific developments, they just lack the ability to include this into their worldview, which is very strongly influenced by their choice of subjects in the humanities and social-sciences. Teaching these students has convinced the authors that their lack of technology and science knowledge combined with their inherent tendency to judge science and technology from the point of view of their respective field, impairs their ability to take an adequate part in science and technology discourse. Their awareness, and thus, their competence to rationally engage with science and technology is lacking. That is in part due to the depiction of science and technology in humanities and social-science courses, and on the other hand due to a lack of current science and technology education as part of a humanities and social-sciences program. The result becomes even more alarming if we assume that the future teachers will continue to relay their heavily biased opinions on science and technology in general, as well as their deficient knowledge of specific technologies to their future students, thus generating a vicious cycle of inadequate technology and science awareness. As the authors’ study has shown, these students are really interested in science and technology, they just lack key competencies to make an analytical connec- tion between their field of choice (humanities and social sciences) and technology and science, without resorting to moral and ethical judgement.
Basic astronomy: Common misconceptions and public beliefs according to the audience survey at Kyiv Planetarium
Authors: Kovalenko Nataliya
Published: February 2019

Results of a Kyiv Planetarium audience survey are discussed. Kyiv Planetarium has a "Big Zeiss 4" projector, a fulldome projection system, a dome 23 meters across, and 300 seats. Having presented a program to up to 300 visitors at once, it is not easy to examine the general public understanding of basic astronomy, to get feedback on the program, and to estimate the educational impact on the public. Strategically designed questionnaires were used to find out what are visitors’ personal experiences and previous knowledge. Questions in the questionnaire can be conditionally divided into several groups: - a) personal data (age, education); - b) astronomical knowledge and observational experience (attendance of astronomy lessons at school, observation of interesting astronomical phenomena such as eclipses, comets, meteors, experience of watching the sky through a telescope, age of the Earth and the Universe, reasons for seasonal changes and Moon phases, the brightest star, constellations that the visitor knows, number of planets in the Solar system, the biggest planet in the Solar system, how often do visitors read about space related topics); - c) visitors’ personal beliefs like their attitude towards horoscopes and extra-terrestrial life; and - d) visitors’ attitude towards planetarium itself, likes and dislikes, topics for future programs, expectations, sources of information about Planetarium, and number of their visits to planetarium. I discuss the results from 147 questionnaires that were gathered back, the most common misconceptions and public beliefs are revealed.
Analysis, Mathematical Model and Simulation Tests of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Control System
Authors: Setlak Lucjan , Kowalik Rafał
Published: February 2019

The subject of this paper is to analyze, create a dynamic mathematical model and, on this basis, conduct simulation tests of the control system used in unmanned aerial vehicles. The key objective of the work is to develop a mathematical model of a control system based on the conducted studies of P, PI and PID regulators. The summary of this article are selected simulation tests of the proposed unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control system based on the analysis performed, the mathematical model developed for the dynamic control system and based on them, drawing practical conclusions.
Research on Network Security Quantitative Model Based on Probabilistic Attack Graph
Authors: Cui Yimin , Li Junmei , Zhao Wei , Luan Cheng
Published: February 2019

In order to identify the threat of computer network security and evaluate its fragility comprehensively, the related factors of network security are studied, and the methods based on attack graph are improved. Based on the attribute attack graph, the probabilistic attack graph model is generated by adding various factors which affect network security. The model uses security equipment performance data, common vulnerability scoring system data and etc. to calculate priori probability, finally obtains the network security index, and carries on the exploratory analysis. The experimental results show that the model is feasible and effective. Compared with other vulnerability assessment methods, the model has the characteristics of comprehensive evaluation and concise calculation.
Computer simulation of complex of lysine dendrigraft with molecules of therapeutic KED peptide
Authors: Neelov Igor , Bezrodnyi Valerii , Marchenko Anna , Fatullaev Emil , Miktaniuk Sofia
Published: February 2019

Lysine dendrimers and dendrigrafts are often used in biomedicine for drug and gene delivery to different target organs or cells. In present paper the possibility of complex formation by lysine dendrigraft and 16 molecules of therapeutic KED peptide was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation method. A system containing of one dendrigraftt and 16 KED peptides in water were studied. It was shown that stable complex consisting of the dendrigraft and the peptide molecules formed and structure of this complex was studied. Similar complexes could be used in future for delivery of other therapeutic peptides to target organs.
Comparative Analysis of Transmission and Switching Technologies
Authors: Chen Yanhong , Wang Xiaoxia , Wu Qinghua
Published: February 2019

This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of OTN, SDH, WDM, ASON and other transmission and switching technologies, as well as the carrying schemes, and focuses on the analysis of the advantages of OTN-based ASON network in networking, capacity expansion, protection and other aspects.
Tooth autotransplantation: a neglected approach?
Authors: Morel A. , Hamon J. , Lim A. , Brézulier D. , Fau V. , Sorel O.
Published: February 2019

Autotransplantation is a still unknown therapeutic solution that presents multiple indications in the growing patient. It requires close collaboration between the orthodontist, the dentist, and the oral surgeon. We will illustrate this article by a clinical case of transplantation of a premolar in place of a central incisor after a review of the indications, advantages, and surgical procedure of this method.
Therapie hinter Gittern – Forensische Psychiatrie
Authors: König Simon
Published: February 2019

Psychisch erkrankte Straftäter, die schuldunfähig oder vermindert schuldfähig gesprochen wurden, erhalten ihre Behandlung im Maßregelvollzug. Sie unterstützt Patienten dabei, ein eingegliedertes Mitglied der Gesellschaft zu werden. Simon König berichtet von seiner Arbeit in der LVR-Klinik Viersen und wie er als Ergotherapeut trotz des fremd-bestimmten Umfelds die Betätigung im Blick behält.
Perfekt für den Praxistransfer – Reviews und Metaanalysen
Authors: Veit Katrin
Published: February 2019

Bei der Fülle an Studien kann ein Einzelner kaum mehr alle Artikel zu einem Thema erfassen. Hinzu kommt, dass manche Untersuchungen widersprüchlich und nicht miteinander vereinbar sind. Um Ergebnisse richtig interpretieren und am Patienten umsetzen zu können, helfen systematische Übersichtsarbeiten.
11 Immobilized Catalysts for Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Itsuno S. , Ullah M. S.
Published: February 2019

Recent applications of polymer-immobilized catalysts for asymmetric reactions are described in this chapter. The chiral catalysts covered include organocatalysts, Lewis acid catalysts, and transition-metal catalysts. Preparation of these chiral polymer-immobilized catalysts and their use in asymmetric reactions are described. The polymer-immobilized catalysts are insoluble in the solvent used for asymmetric reactions and are easily separated from the reaction mixture; the recovered polymeric catalysts can be reused many times without any loss of the catalytic performance. Some of these polymeric catalysts have been used in continuous-flow systems, potentially providing a powerful tool for the synthesis of optically active fine chemicals.
A novel characterization technique for superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: The superparamagnetic quantifier, compared with magnetic particle spectroscopy
Authors: van de Loosdrecht M. M. , Draack S. , Waanders S. , Schlief J. G. L. , Krooshoop H. J. G. , Viereck T. , Ludwig F. , ten Haken B.
Published: February 2019

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used as a tracer material in sentinel node biopsies. The latter is a procedure to analyze if cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes, helping to personalize patient care. To predict SPION behavior in vivo, it is important to analyze their magnetic properties in biological environments. The superparamagnetic quantifier (SPaQ) is a new device to measure the dynamic magnetization curve of SPIONs. The magnetization curve was measured for two types of SPIONs: Resovist and SHP-25. We used three techniques: Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy (MPS), and our new SPaQ. Furthermore, AC susceptibility (ACS) measurements were performed as part of the evaluation of the three techniques. SPaQ and VSM results were found to be similar. Measurement results were nearly identical in both directions, indicating minor hysteresis. However, in MPS measurements, a clear hysteresis loop was observed. Furthermore, the ACS measurements showed a pronounced Brownian maximum, indicating an optimal response for an AC frequency below 10 kHz for both particle systems. Both the SPaQ and MPS were found to be superior to VSM since measurements are faster, can be performed at room temperature, and are particularly sensitive to particle dynamics. The main difference between the SPaQ and MPS lies in the excitation sequence. The SPaQ combines an alternating magnetic field that has a low amplitude with a gradual DC offset, whereas MPS uses only an alternating field that has a large amplitude. In conclusion, both the SPaQ and MPS are highly suited to improve understanding SPION behavior, which will lead to the radical improvement of sentinel node biopsy accuracy.
Microscopic magnetization distribution of Bloch lines in a uniaxial magnet
Authors: Kurushima K. , Tanaka K. , Nakajima H. , Mochizuki M. , Mori S.
Published: February 2019

Bloch lines are formed to reduce the magnetostatic energy generated by the Bloch walls in uniaxial magnets. Recently, it is reported that Bloch lines play important roles in the emergence and helicity reversal of magnetic bubbles in Sc-substitute M-type hexaferrites (BaFe12–x–0.05ScxMg0.05O19). Although Bloch lines have been discussed on the basis of micromagnetic simulations, the detailed structure was not observed directly. In this study, we investigated the microscopic structures of Bloch lines in BaFe10.35Sc1.6Mg0.05O19 uniaxial magnets. Differential-phase contrast scanning transmission microscopy directly revealed that the edges of the Bloch walls were misaligned in the Bloch lines of BaFe10.35Sc1.6Mg0.05O19. From the micromagnetic simulations based on the Monte-Carlo technique, we showed that the misaligned Bloch walls were caused by the dipole-dipole interactions in the hexaferrite. Our results will help to understand the microstructures of Bloch lines at a nanometer scale.
Impact of pump wavelength on terahertz emission of a cavity-enhanced spintronic trilayer
Authors: Herapath R. I. , Hornett S. M. , Seifert T. S. , Jakob G. , Kläui M. , Bertolotti J. , Kampfrath T. , Hendry E.
Published: February 2019

We systematically study the pump-wavelength dependence of terahertz pulse generation in thin-film spintronic THz emitters composed of a ferromagnetic CoFeB layer between adjacent nonmagnetic W and Pt layers. We find that the efficiency of THz generation is essentially flat for excitation by 150 fs pulses with center wavelengths ranging from 900 to 1500 nm, demonstrating that the spin current does not depend strongly on the pump photon energy. We show that the inclusion of dielectric overlayers of TiO2 and SiO2, designed for a particular excitation wavelength, can enhance the terahertz emission by a factor of up to two in field.
Ionization and recombination effects on laser ion acceleration in a finite mass plasma expansion
Authors: Mahboub M. F. , Bara D. , Bennaceur-Doumaz D. , Djebli M.
Published: February 2019

A self-similar multi-fluid model is performed to describe ion acceleration in singly ionized plasma with nonthermal electrons, where ionization and recombination are considered. It is found that ion acceleration in plasma expansion is strongly influenced by the competition of ionization and recombination processes under different nonthermal effects, at electron temperatures, and for various target materials. Two phases of expansion are shown in the profiles. The first one is the strongest collisional dense plasma that is created, spreading smoothly into vacuum near the surface of the target, with low slopes in all ion expansion profiles. The second is the core or the central phase of expansion dominated by recombination processes, with steep slopes up to the expansion front position, where the ion velocities and the electric field amplitude have reached their maximum values. The limit of expansion is determined where the ion density and electric field vanish. The interest of such a study may concern the dynamics of ionization and recombination processes in laser-plasma acceleration where nonthermal, energetic electrons are present.
A 3D-printed broadband millimeter wave absorber
Authors: Petroff Matthew , Appel John , Rostem Karwan , Bennett Charles L. , Eimer Joseph , Marriage Tobias , Ramirez Joshua , Wollack Edward J.
Published: February 2019

We present the design, manufacturing technique, and characterization of a 3D-printed broadband graded index millimeter wave absorber. The absorber is additively manufactured using a fused filament fabrication 3D printer out of a carbon-loaded high impact polystyrene filament and is designed using a space-filling curve to optimize manufacturability using the said process. The absorber’s reflectivity is measured from 63 GHz to 115 GHz and from 140 GHz to 215 GHz and is compared to electromagnetic simulations. The intended application is for terminating stray light in cosmic microwave background telescopes, and the absorber has been shown to survive cryogenic thermal cycling.
Measurement of ionic structure in isochorically heated graphite from X-ray Thomson scattering
Authors: Lv Min , Hu Zhimin , Hou Yong , Wei Minxi , Mo Chongjie , Zheng Wei , Lv Meng , Yang Guohong , Zhao Yang , Zhang Zhiyu , Qing Bo , Xiong Gang , Zhan Xiayu , Hou Lifei , Zhang Wenhai , Kang Wei , Zhang Ping , Yuan Jianmin , Zhang Jiyan , Yang Jiamin
Published: February 2019

We present non-collective spectrally resolved X-ray scattering measurements from isochorically heated graphite samples. The elastic and inelastic scattering spectra for the titanium He-α x-ray line at 4.75 keV yield characterization of the temperature and ionization state of the samples. It is found that the plasma theories employing a screened Coulomb potential fail to describe the ion structure of warm dense carbon plasmas and only the models accounting for the effects of the electronic configuration show good agreement with the experimental result. This agreement further suggests that the short-lived chemical bonds play an important role in determining the ion structure of warm dense graphite systems with a temperature of several electron volts.
Thermoelectric properties of strained, lightly-doped La1–x­SrxCoO3 thin films
Authors: Viskadourakis Z. , Pervolaraki M. , Athanasopoulos G. I. , Giapintzakis J.
Published: February 2019

We report on the thermoelectric properties of strained, highly-oriented, lightly-doped La1–xSrxCoO3 thin films, grown on MgO (100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The large lattice mismatch (∼9%), along with the different thermal expansion coefficients, between La1–xSrxCoO3 and MgO, result in the incoherent growth of thin films and the generation of a tensile thermal strain (∼1%). Room temperature resistivity values of the films are similar to those of bulk samples, while the temperature dependence of resistivity of the films does not seem to be affected by the thermal strain. The Seebeck coefficient values of all investigated films are positive but lower than those of their bulk counterparts, throughout the measured temperature range. The lower values of the films' Seebeck coefficient are attributed to the stabilization of mixed Co spin state configuration, which is induced by the thermal strain. As a result of the reduced Seebeck coefficient values, the thermoelectric power factor is suppressed, suggesting that the tensile thermal strain does not favor the thermoelectric behavior of the La1–xSrxCoO3.
Modelling gravity-driven film flow on inclined corrugated substrate using a high fidelity weighted residual integral boundary-layer method
Authors: Veremieiev Sergii , Wacks Daniel H.
Published: February 2019

A computational investigation is conducted concerning the stability of free-surface gravity-driven liquid film flow over periodic corrugated substrate. The underpinning mathematical formulation constitutes an extension of the weighted residual integral boundary-layer (WIBL) method proposed by Ruyer-Quil and Manneville [“Improved modeling of flows down inclined planes,” Eur. Phys. J. B 15(2), 357–369 (2000)] and D’Alessio et al. [“Instability in gravity-driven flow over uneven surfaces,” Phys. Fluids 21(6), 062105 (2009)] to include third- and fourth-order terms in the long-wavelength expansion. Steady-state solutions for the free-surface and corresponding curves of neutral disturbances are obtained using Floquet theory and validated against corresponding experimental data and full Navier-Stokes (N-S) solutions. Sinusoidal and smoothed rectangular corrugations with variable steepness are considered. It is shown that the model is capable of predicting characteristic patterns of stability, including short-wave nose and isles of stability/instability as reported experimentally for viscous film flow over inclined topography, providing an attractive trade-off between the accuracy of a full N-S computation and the efficiency of an integral method. The range of parameter values for which the WIBL model remains valid is established; in particular, it is shown that its accuracy decreases with the Reynolds number and corrugation amplitude, but increases with the steepness parameter and ratio of wavelength to capillary length.