bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feminism and a View of Conservative Gender Roles among Young Working Women in Malaysia
Authors: Goh Ian Shen , Teckwani Janak Ashok , Ku Ze Ren , George Kezia , Lee Nicole Yuk Cheng , Pang Chia Yee
Published: August 2021

People are often influenced by norms and ideologies, including the concepts of feminism and conservative gender roles. With perceptions evolving constantly, we intend to investigate the subject of feminism and the view of young working women in Malaysia with regards to conservative gender roles. Studies on the subject have been scarce or minimal so far, hence understanding the general population’s perception will allow us to better measure public awareness on the topic of our research. The demographic of participants in this study specifically encompasses working women, between the ages of eighteen and forty years old. The participants were recruited through virtual mediums, namely WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram. They were then asked to participate in a semi-structured interview to aid in the collection of detailed data which was then analysed through the process of transcription and coding for recurring themes. The study suggests that young working women in Malaysia are more in tune with feminism than originally anticipated due to digital platforms. Among the inequalities faced in the workforce, the most cited are equal and fair pay. Family upbringing, tradition and culture were often cited as shaping the general evolution of gender roles. Research can be done on feminism, gender roles and their implications on the LGBT community as a whole.
Kapal Wap, Laluan Maritim dan Penghantaran Buruh Cina dan Jawa ke Borneo Utara, 1881-1941
Authors: De Silva Maureen , Edinin Nursyazwani
Published: August 2021

Perkembangan teknologi maritim telah memberi impak signifikan kepada Asia Tenggara. Sebelum kapal wap diperkenalkan, pengembara dan pedagang bergantung kepada kapal layar untuk perjalanan jarak jauh dan perjalanan tersebut menjadi sukar dan membahayakan kerana keadaan cuaca yang tidak dapat diramalkan, terutama semasa perubahan monsun dan angin. Transformasi radikal industri perkapalan yakni dari penggunaan kapal layar kepada kapal wap berjalan seiring dengan kemuncak Revolusi Perindustrian di Eropah, yang menyaksikan perkembangan bukan sahaja perdagangan tetapi juga perluasan wilayah di bawah kawalan Eropah pada era imperialism baru. Pentadbiran Syarikat Borneo Utara British (SBUB) dari tahun 1881 hingga tahun 1941 adalah contoh perluasan wilayah dan dominasi ekonomi Eropah yang menyaksikan kedatangan buruh asing terutama buruh Cina dan Jawa ke Borneo Utara dengan menggunakan kapal wap melalui beberapa laluan maritim untuk memenuhi tuntutan ekonomi Borneo Utara. Berdasarkan penggunaan sumber primer (laporan tahunan, surat dan akhbar kolonial), dan sumber kedua, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti korelasi antara kegiatan manusia dalam bentuk migrasi tenaga buruh, dan kondisi serta persekitaran maritim terutama dalam penggunaan kapal wap dan laluan maritim. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa terdapat hubung kait antara kedatangan buruh asing dengan aspek maritim di mana isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan laluan maritim, jarak dan jangka waktu perjalanan, kos yang ditanggung, pemilikan kapal, persaingan kuasa dan dasar perlindungan, serta kebersihan atas kapal merupakan antara faktor-faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi penghantaran buruh Cina dan Jawa ke Borneo Utara.
Identify The Big Five Personality Traits to Escalate Business Motivation In Food Technology Industry
Authors: Wardhana Firman Kusumah , Pangestu Aria Bayu
Published: August 2021

The overall purpose of this research refers to the real case in Chixar's business which points out that the instability of motivation in doing business is an aspect that has also become a concern for internal business members, given the business conditions that had experienced pivoting before and the necessity to pursue sales targets that are quite high in the business. new to pivoting, internal business has a strong desire to improve business performance but it is necessary to support it with analysis of personality traits and motivation factors for Chixar business members as the main basis. Regarding small business aspects, the implementation of human resources management is not implemented properly considering that small businesses have fewer employees so they are not a main concern to be considered in internal business, but small businesses are often focused on the orientation of sales and business operations. Therefore, the author focuses on the scope of research in the application of human resources management in small business which includes aspects of personality traits and motivating factors for doing business. Personality traits are aspects that are owned by each individual and affect individual behavior based on personal desires towards an achievement or expected goals, personality is an absolute and stable aspect and variable possessed by individuals who are associated with working behavior, motivation and goal-orientation. The author uses the Big Five Personality Traits framework to identify and analyze the types of personality traits and factors that underlie Chixar business members. Self Determination theory as the framework basis of the motivation factor is divided into two, namely intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation, both motivation factors are analyzed in depth on several sub-variables. Overall, the data analysis process was carried out using qualitative data methods with data collection processing stages which included individual assessment, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The results of data analysis show that there are differences in personality traits owned by Chixar business members and differences in extrinsic motivation factors despite the similarities that form intrinsic motivation. The results of the strongest and most implementable personality traits are Openness personality traits, the strongest intrinsic motivation factor is Relatedness factor and the strongest extrinsic motivation factor is Integrated Regulation. Regarding the findings, the author tries to recommend solution that it is necessary to implement a performance management system as the main implementation base for small businesses which includes establishing development objectives, communicating effectively, motivating employees, document performance, feedback, diagnosing performance problems and developing employees.
Kesediaan dan Efikasi Guru Matematik Sekolah Rendah dalam Pengintegrasian Teknologi Semasa Pandemik COVID-19
Authors: Ab Aziz Nurul Farahin , Maat Siti Mistima
Published: August 2021

Banyak negara mengambil keputusan untuk melaksanakan pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) atas talian dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (TMK). Walau bagaimanapun, didapati ramai guru matematik masih lemah dalam aspek penguasaan ilmu, pengkaedahan PdP, penggunaan dan kepercayaan serta sikap terhadap TMK dalam pendidikan. Oleh yang demikian, perlaksanaan kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesediaan dan efikasi guru matematik dalam pengintegrasian teknologi sewaktu pandemik COVID-19. Faktor jantina, tempoh perkhidmatan dan Pengetahuan Teknologi Pedagogi Isi Kandungan (PTPIK) guru matematik turut diambil kira. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan keratan rentas dengan memanfaatkan pensampelan mudah ke atas 62 guru matematik sekolah rendah Kuala Selangor. Analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensi digunakan bagi tujuan penganalisisan data kajian. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan pengetahuan guru matematik berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Analisis statistik inferensi menunjukkan perbezaan tidak signifikan bagi kesediaan dan efikasi guru matematik dalam pengintegrasian teknologi berdasarkan jantina dan tempoh perkhidmatan. Selain itu, efikasi guru matematik mempunyai hubungan linear yang signifikan ke atas kesediaan guru matematik dalam pengintegrasian teknologi. Implikasi terhadap peranan guru matematik dan pihak kepimpinan dibincangkan dengan berfokuskan kepentingan latihan dalam perkhidmatan bagi memastikan pengetahuan, kesediaan dan efikasi guru matematik sentiasa berada di tahap yang memuaskan. Banyak usaha yang perlu dilakukan bagi memastikan keberhasilan pengajaran matematik sewaktu pandemik COVID-19.
Teori Kitaran Dasar: Penilaian Terhadap Implementasi Dasar Pandang ke Timur di Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Hanim Binti , Khalid Kartini Aboo Talib @ , Ramli Nurul Asmaa
Published: August 2021

Apabila kerajaan memutuskan untuk melaksanakan sesuatu dasar, maka dasar tersebut akan dilaksanakan dan agensi pelaksana adalah pihak yang bertanggungjawab untuk memastikan sesuatu dasar yang diputuskan oleh kerajaan itu dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Setiap dasar yang diperkenalkan mesti mempunyai matlamat dan objektif tertentu bagi menyelesaikan sesuatu masalah atau isu yang timbul di dalam sesebuah negara. Dasar yang diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan adalah berbentuk undang-undang, peraturan, peruntukan mahupun serangkaian program. Bagi melihat keberjayaan sesuatu dasar yang telah dilaksanakan mencapai objektif atau matlamat dasar, suatu penilaian dasar perlu dilaksanakan. Penilaian dasar boleh dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Teori Kitaran Dasar di dalam ilmu Analisis Dasar Awam. Penilaian dasar yang dibuat boleh mengenal pasti tahap kejayaan dasar, halangan dan kekangan perlaksanaan dasar, kelangsungan dasar serta solusi penambahbaikan dasar. Penilaian terhadap dasar yang telah dilaksanakan berupaya mengukur pencapaian dasar dengan melihat sejauh mana dasar yang dilaksanakan berupaya menyelesaikan masalah atau sesuatu isu serta kecekapan dan keberkesanan kos yang berbentuk kewangan mahupun bukan kewangan yang wujud di sepanjang perlaksanaan dasar. Perlaksanaan Dasar Pandang Ke Timur (DPT) yang diperkenalkan oleh Tun Mahathir Mohamad pada tahun 1982 telah hampir mencapai tempoh 40 tahun perlaksanaannya boleh dinilai berdasarkan pendekatan penilaian dasar yang diketengahkan di dalam Teori Kitaran Dasar. Penilaian terhadap DPT berupaya mengenal pasti sejauhmana dasar tersebut telah berupaya untuk mencapai objektif utamanya iaitu mengubah budaya dan etika kerja masyarakat Malaysia menjadi seperti rakyat Jepun.
The Moderating Effect of Working from Home in The Relationship Between Motivational Factors and Project Performance: A Case Study of Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua (Perodua) in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Zaki Wan Mohamad Tasnim , Al-Hodiany Zakarya Mohsen
Published: August 2021

This research study investigates the direct empirical link between motivational factors and project performance among 277 employees who work in Perodua by utilizing working from home as a moderating variable to portray the automotive industry in Malaysia. It may have consequences for business practitioners who really want to evaluate the effectiveness of their work-from-home policy, especially from the angle during the Covid-19 pandemic and crisis. Furthermore, the research concluded that working from home was an important mediator in the relationship between motivational factors and project performance. The study's methodology is quantitative, and the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) Version 22 package was used to explore the connection between motivational factors and project performance in relation to the moderating impact of working from home. The data was gathered by issuing an online questionnaire to employees who work in Perodua, which represents the automotive industry in Malaysia. The questionnaire, which used a 5-point Likert-type scale, was distributed via phone and email, and the link was also posted on social media, which attracted 277 responses. To highlight in particular, the result from this research study shows a significant relationship between working from home, job satisfaction, staff rewards, employee training and project performance. As expected, the moderating variable which is working from home gives the greatest contribution to project performance. Eventually, theoretical and practical consequences were explored based on study findings. There were some limitations and recommendations for future research.
Kedaulatan Raja-Raja Melayu Melangkaui Peruntukan Perlembagaan Persekutuan: Implikasinya ke atas Sistem Raja Berperlembagaan di Malaysia
Authors: Rahmat Nur Ezan , Abdul Aziz Norazlina , Mohamad Mangsor Mazlina , Mohd Zain Muhamad Ikhwan
Published: August 2021

Malaysia mengamalkan sistem Raja Berperlembagaan iaitu Raja harus bertindak mengikut peruntukan perlembagaan yang telah ditetapkan sekaligus menutup ruang kepada kebebasan memerintah (kuasa mutlak) dalam sistem pentadbiran negara. Disebabkan ada beberapa keadaan dalam Perlembagaan Malaysia yang tidak menyebut secara jelas tentang kedaulatan dan kuasa Raja-Raja Melayu, maka Raja-Raja Melayu adakalanya menggunakan budi bicara melangkaui peruntukan dalam perlembagaan. Tindakan ini serigkali dicabar keabsahahnya. Objektif penyelidikan ini adalah untuk mengkaji sejauh manakah kedaulatan dan kuasa Raja-Raja Melayu boleh melangkaui peruntukan di bawah Perlembagaan Persekutuan serta implikasinya terhadap masyarakat, kerajaan dan negara. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif beserta kajian lapangan. Data yang berasaskan sumber primer, sekunder, pemerhatian dan temu bual telah dianalisa untuk mendapatkan hasil bagi kajian ini. Hasil dapatan penyelidikan ini dapat menerangkan kepada masyarakat dan kerajaan betapa pentingnya kedaulatan Raja-Raja Melayu di bawah Perlembagaan Persekutuan, sekaligus menekankan beberapa situasi yang Raja-Raja Melayu boleh menggunakan budi bicara untuk membuat sesuatu keputusan walaupun tidak termaktub di bawah Perlembagaan Persekutuan, demi kemaslahatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan negara.
Faktor Pembentukan Kejeleketan dalam Pengendalian Sesi Kaunseling Kelompok
Authors: Abdul Aziz Abdul Rashid , Zakaria Mohd Zaliridzal , Ab Razak Nor Hamizah
Published: August 2021

Kaunseling kelompok merupakan satu bentuk perhubungan menolong yang memerlukan interaksi antara ahli kelompok. Terdapat elemen yang perlu dipupuk dalam kalangan ahli kelompok bagi memastikan matlamat yang ditetapkan boleh dicapai. Kejeleketan adalah merupakan pencapaian kesepaduan yang erat dalam kalangan individu yang seterusnya dapat menghasilkan nilai kekitaan. Pembentukan perasaan ini sesama ahli kelompok adalah satu keperluan penting dalam memastikan pelaksanaan kaunseling kelompok berkesan. Oleh itu, kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan kejeleketan dalam sesi kaunseling kelompok. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kualitatif menerusi analisis kandungan terhadap jurnal-jurnal berindeks tinggi seperti Scopus, Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) dan Science Direct. Analisis yang telah dijalankan menjelaskan antara faktor penyumbang kepada terbentuknya kejeleketan dalam sesi kaunseling kelompok adalah interaksi, penerimaan ahli, kebersamaan, saiz kelompok, perkongsian rasa, konflik dan sikap. Justeru, faktor-faktor ini perlu diberi perhatian secara jitu oleh kaunselor dalam mengendalikan sesi kaunseling kelompok dengan berkesan.
LA PROHIBICIÓN DE REALIZAR APORTACIONES A PLANES DE PENSIONES DE EMPLEO EN LA LEY DE PRESUPUESTOS GENERALES DEL ESTADO PARA EL AÑO 2012
Authors: ERDAIDE GABIOLA MIRARI , GONZÁLEZ LOPEZ ARANTZA
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza la prohibición que impone la Ley de Presupuestos
Generales del Estado a todas las Administraciones Públicas y entidades
integrantes del sector público de realizar aportaciones a planes de pensiones de
empleo o contratos de seguro colectivos que incluyan la cobertura de la contingencia
de jubilación.
El análisis se vertebra a partir del Estatuto Básico del Empleado Público y de la
doctrina constitucional en torno a los artículos 149.1.13.ª CE y 156 CE, concluyendo
en la inconstitucionalidad de aquella prohibición, que en la Comunidad Autónoma
de Euskadi incide en el ámbito competencial propio y exclusivo que deriva del artículo
10.4 del Estatuto de Autonomía del País Vasco.

Estatuko Aurrekontu Orokorren Legeak sektore publikoko herriadministrazio
eta erakunde guztiei debekatu egiten die ekarpenik egitea enpleguko
pentsio-planetan edo aseguru kolektiboko kontratuetan, erretiroagatiko estaldura
jasotzen badute. Hain zuzen ere, debeku hori aztertzen da lan honetan.
Azterketa Enplegatu Publikoaren Oinarrizko Estatutua eta EK-ko 149.1.13. nahiz
156. artikuluen inguruko doktrina konstituzionala oinarri hartuta egituratzen da, eta
debeku haren konstituziokontrakotasuna ondorioztatzen du. Adibidez, Euskal Autonomia
Erkidegoaren kasuan, debekuak Euskal Herriko Autonomia Estatutuko 10.4 artikulutik
ondorioztatzen den berezko eskumen-esparru esklusiboan dauka eragina.

This work analyzes the prohibition imposed by the State Budget¿s
Act to every public administration and entity part of the public sector to contribute to
pension plans or collective insurance policies that cover the retirement contingency.
This analysis has as essential structure the Basic Statute of the Public Employee
and the constitutional doctrine regarding articles 149.1.13 and 156 of the Constitution
and it concludes with the unconstitutionality of that prohibition which in the
Autonomous Community of Euskadi has an impact on the very own and exclusive
powers that derive from article 10.4 of the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque
Country.
Anti-SARS-COV-2 antibodies Amongst Asymptomatic Healthcare Workers and students of Tertiary Care hospital and Medical School in Pakistan
Authors: Jaleel Anila , Asim Samar , Namoos Kiran , Uppal Sadaf , Jaleel Shahila , Shabbir Waqas , Khursheed Rukhhan
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus emerged as a pandemic in 2019 with the SARS COV 2 virus infecting people worldwide. Although PCR successfully detected symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients remained undetected due to limitation of resources.  The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of IgM and IgG antibodies in the faculty, staff, and MBBS students in Medical school and tertiary care hospital, Pakistan.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 asymptomatic healthy subjects, from September to December 2020 in Biochemistry department Shalamar Medical and Dental College (SMDC). Rapid antibody test was used to determine the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies in the subjects. Those found IgM positive were validated by COVID 19 detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Results:  Anti-SARS-COV 2 antibodies was observed in 19.6 % of 500 asymptomatic subjects. Significant reactive cases were identified in hospital staff (27.5%) compared to hospital faculty (23.4%), medical students (21.4%), college faculty (6.12%) followed by college staff (3.06%). Significant reactive cases (47.9%) were identified in middle age group i.e. between 31 to 45 years. IgG was more prevalent than IgM and 2% of the subjects showed coagulation disorders who were both IgG and IgM positive.

Conclusion: Prevalence of 19.6% of Anti-SARS-COV 2 antibodies was observed in asymptomatic subjects. Prevalence was more in males, people in the middle age group i.e. 31 to 45 years and in hospital staff and faculty.

Recommendations: Based on the study it is recommended that Rapid COVID 19- SRAC-2 antibody test, which is cost effective and rapid method may be used to detect the COVID 19 in developing countries with limited resources.
REFLECTIVE PRACTICE: ITS KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE AND PERCEPTION DURING COVID-19 AMONG PAEDIATRIC NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Nukpezah Ruth , Fuseini Alhassan , Bawa Fusseini , Napari Alhassan , Wuffele Gifty , Asumadu Obed , Peprah Wisdom , Asare Richard
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This study sought to explore the knowledge level, practice and perception of the usefulness of reflective practice among pediatric nursing students in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was used in carrying out the study. The study was conducted among pediatric nursing level 300 and 400 students of the University for Development Studies, Tamale, with an age range between 17 and 38. A structured questionnaire in electronic form (using Google forms) was administered to respondents through their class social media (WhatsApp) platform. Data analyses were done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and Microsoft Excel. The Fisher Exact Test was used to determine how statistically significant independent variables influence the dependent variables.

Results: Findings showed that 88.5% (54/61) of the students knew reflective practice, 98.4% of them practised reflection. All respondents agreed that reflective practise has a positive impact on personal and professional development. No association existed between the age of respondents and knowledge of reflection (Fisher’s exact test=5.18; p=0.159).  However, there were significant differences between the sex of respondents and knowledge of reflection (Fisher’s exact test=12.09; p=0.001) and between the class of respondents and their level of knowledge (Fisher’s exact test=10.90; p=0.004).

Conclusion: Reflection is a very useful professional and personal development tool that yields positive care and learning outcomes when effectively practised. Hospitals and educational institutions should develop processes and practices that make refective practice an early and routine part of an everyday classroom and clinical practice.

Recommendation: Reflection should be developed as a course and be inculcated into the first-degree nursing curriculum in universities.
COVID-19, A GLOBAL ALARM: INTRA-COUNTRY TRAVELLING, THE ROOT CAUSE OF COVID-19 SPREADING IN PAKISTAN AFTER INTERNATIONAL IMPORTATION
Authors: Inamullah Syed , Nasir Syed Abdul , Rehman Abdul , Rehmatullah Rehmatullah , Ashrafuddin Syed
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study research was to examine worldwide covid-19 cases, deaths, and occurrence of cases in Pakistan by intra-country drifting of people after massive lockdown in the country.Materials and Methods: The data was collected from WHO dashboard daily situation report and directorate of health government of Baluchistan, for the period of six days from 15th March to 21st March 2020.Result: On March 21st, a total 533 cases of COVID-19 followed by 3 deaths were reported. Linear regression analysis results of total cases and deaths around the world exhibited that the R-square value was (0.99), which indicated strong relationship between emerging cases and deaths.Conclusion: Limitation and sophisticated handling current cases can be only effective way to decline more scattering of this out break
PERCEPTION OF TRADITIONAL UVULECTOMY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE YEARS’ CHILDREN IN SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Asma’u Adamu , Joseph Kehinde , Mohammad Ango , Muhammad Bello , Muhammad Ali , Bello Jiya , Ilah Garba , Omeneke Isezuo , Omoshalewa Ugege
Published: August 2021

Introduction:  Children are usually very vulnerable to such abuses by the traditional healers since consent is only obtained from the parents who believes in the benefits derived from traditional uvulectomy.

Purpose: To assess the perception of traditional uvulectomy and associated factors among mothers of under five-year children (0-59 months) in Sokoto state.                          

Methods: A cross sectional-study was conducted to assess the perception of traditional uvulectomy and associated factors among 320 mothers of under-five year children selected by multi stage sampling technique from 1st January-31st March 2021 in Sokoto State, Nigeria. A set of pre-tested, semi-structured interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to collect data on the research variables. Data was analysed using IBM® SPSS version 22 statistical package.

Results: Majority 136(42.5%) of the respondents were between 25-34 years with a mean age of 29.9± 8.3 years. Most 304 (95.0) were Hausa’s and Muslims 315 (98.4). Fulltime house wives constituted 234(73.1%) of the respondents, while those with children between1-5 were 244(76.2%). Almost two-third (65.0%) of the respondents had inappropriate perception on traditional uvulectomy (TU). Two hundred and fifteen (67.2%) of the respondents believed traditional uvulectomy should be done for under five years’ children. Most (57.2%) of them perceived it is not necessary for government to come up with a law to abolish the practice of TU in the society. Majority (59.9%) of the respondents believed TU should be done for under five-year children as a tradition. Statistically significant association was observed between age, tribe and educational status of the respondents with perception of TU; (p=0.041), (p=0.002,) and (p = 0.018) respectively.

Conclusion and Recommendation: This study revealed a high proportion of the respondents with inappropriate perception of traditional uvulectomy and attributed most of the childhood illness to the uvula. This underscore the need for governments at all levels to intensify action on enlightenment campaign and education of the general public through mass media and in all health facilities across the state on the dangers of TU.
Хива хони Муҳаммад Раҳимхон I нинг солиқ сиёсати
Authors: Жумаева Шохида
Published: August 2021

Ушбу мақола Хива хонлиги солиқ тизими тарихи ва ривожланиши ҳақида бўлиб, мақолада асосий эътибор Хива хони Муҳаммад Рахимхон I (1806-1825) давридаги солиқ тизимининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари тарихий манбалар асосида таҳлил қилинган. Шу билан биргаликда Хива хони Муҳаммад Рахимхон I давридаги Хива хонлигининг молиявий ҳолати, давлат хазинасининг аҳволи ҳамда солиқ тизимининг умумий ҳолати, аҳолидан йиғиб олинган солиқлар турлари, миқдори хусусида сўз юритилади. Шунингдек,  Муҳаммад Рахимхон I даврида Хива хонлигига бўйсундирилган қорақалпоқлардан олинган солиқлар, уларнинг миқдори ҳамда солиқ ва бошқа тўловларнинг ошиб кетиши оқибатида аҳоли турмуш шароитларининг оғирлашуви тўғрисидаги маълумотлар ҳам ёритилган.
Methods of teaching prose translation
Authors: Mamurova Mehrinoz , Samigova Khushnuda
Published: August 2021

Translation is one of the most important forms of interethnic communication. But its creative nature, its art of reproduction, does not change. The scope and development of translation depends on the level of enlightenment of each nation and, in turn, has an effective impact on the social thinking of the nation.Translation is not only a bridge of friendship in the history of mankind, but also a broad path to culture and enlightenment. Translation is a difficult but interesting art. What a pleasure it is to translate a work of art created in a language that is foreign to us into our own language, to create an artistic idea. This article describes methods of translation of prose, and translation theory.
Мамлакатимизда хотин-қизлар учун ишлаб чиқилган ижтимоий имтиёзлар ва улардан фойдаланиш зарурати
Authors: Давронова Феруза
Published: August 2021

Мақолада Ўзбекистонда мустақиллик йилларида қабул қилинган аёлларга мўлжалланган ижтимоий имтиёзлар, ижтимоий ҳимояга оид қонуний меъёрий ҳужжатлар ўрганилди. Шунингдек, ижтимоий имтиёзлар, унинг турлари, моҳияти, таснифи, ўзига хос хусусиятлари ва фарқли жиҳатларига таъриф берилди. Давлатимизнинг кучли ижтимоий сиёсатида хотин-қизларга берилаётган эътибор, амалга оширилаётган ислоҳотлар ва истиқболли режалар ҳақида атрофлича ижтимоий-сиёсий мулоҳазалар келтирилади. Ўзбекистон тараққиётининг янги босқичида аёллар сиёсий фаоллигини ошириш, ҳуқуқий статуси ва мақомини таъминлаш мақсадида нималарга эътиборни қаратиш кераклиги, хотин-қизларга бериладиган кафолат ва имтиёзлар кўриб чиқилди ҳамда таклифлар берилди.
Nutqida nuqsoni bor bolalar nutqining o’ziga xos xususiyatlari
Authors: Mamajonova Shoxista , Djuxanova Noxida
Published: August 2021

Maqolada  maktabgacha  yosh yosh davridagi  nutqiy   rivojlanishida nuqsoni bor bolalarning oral va yuz praksislari bilan psixologik subtestlar yordamida samarali ishlash usullari yoritilgan.
“Tarbiya” fani o‘qituvchilarining ijtimoiy kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirishning mazmun, shakl va metodlari
Authors: Nazarova Zulayxo
Published: August 2021

Mazkur maqolada tarbiyaviy faoliyatni tashkil etishga doir umumkasbiy kompetensiya, “Uzluksiz ma’naviy tarbiya konsepsiyasi” ni amalga oshirishdan kutilayotgan natijalarning pedagogik xususiyatlari, “Tarbiya” fani o‘qituvchilari kasbiy kompetensiyasini shakllanishning holati kabi masalalar tahlil qilingan.
Таълим муассасасининг инновацион фаолиятида педагог технологик компетентлигининг ривожланиши
Authors: Киёмов Абдулла
Published: August 2021

Мақола инновацион таълим технологияларини қўллаш шароитида педагогнинг технологик компетентлигини ривожлантиришнинг долзарб муаммоларига бағишланган. Таълим муассасасининг инновацион фаолиятида тадқиқ қилинаётган жараённинг методологик тартибга солувчиси сифатида технологик ёндошув ўрганиб чиқилган. Педагогнинг технологик компетентлигини ривожлантириш, касбий маҳорат даражасини оширишда асос сифатида таълим муассасасининг инновацион фаолияти имкониятлари асослаб берилган. Касбий муаммоларни ҳал қилиш учун мақолада тадқиқ қилинадиган муаммони ҳал қилишнинг самарали усули сифатида фойдаланиладиган ўзаро боғлиқ технологиялар ўрганиб чиқилган. Назарий хулосалар (функционал ва сифат хусусиятлари) асосида таълим муассасасининг инновацион фаолиятида педагогнинг технологик компетентлигини ривожлантириш мақсадида ўтказиладиган машғулотлар алгоритми келтирилган.
Махмудҳўжа Беҳбудийнинг лидерлик қарашлари
Authors: Собитов Отабекхўжа , Носиров Бахтиёржон
Published: August 2021

Ушбу мақолада ХХ аср бошларида Маҳмудхўжа Беҳбудийнинг илмий-сиёсий фаолияти, ёшлар таълим-тарбияси, жадидчилик ҳаракатлари асосида яратилган эски усул мактабларининг аҳамияти, ўша даврларда ижтимоийлашув жараёнларида ёшлар тарбиясига қаратилган эътиборнинг психологик ёндашувлари, Беҳбудийнинг ёзиб қолдирган мақолалари ва асарларида илгари сурилган ғоялар ва қарашларининг психологик ҳусусиятлари, шунингдек Беҳбудийнинг лидерлик қарашлари  ҳақида фикр-мулоҳазалар билдирилган.
Ўзбекистон тарихи давлат музейида сақланаётган илк археологик коллекциялар тарихидан
Authors: Боймирзаев Сарвар
Published: August 2021

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистон тарихи давлат музейи ташкил этилган дастлабки даврда археологик экспедициялар натижасида тўпланган археологик топилмалар ва уларнинг музейга келтирилиб, коллекциялар ташкил этилиши ёритилган. Ҳозирги вақтга келиб музейнинг энг ноёб экспонатлари деб ҳисобланаётган археологик топилмаларнинг баъзилари тўғрисида маълумотлар берилгаан. Бундан ташқари  Туркистон археология ҳаваскорлари тўгараги аъзоларининг фаолиятига қисман тўхталиб ўтилган.
Cleft Construction Is a Salient Feature in the ‘City of Glass’ a Novel by Paul Auster: A Stylistic Study
Authors: N. Hadi Hussam aldeen
Published: August 2021

The present study is an attempt to investigate using the grammatical devices of cleft construction as a stylistic feature in the ‘city of Glass’ a post-modernist novel by Paul Auster. The purpose behind using cleft sentence is to highlight the element which is a part of the sentence and it is important for the author’s perspective. The construction of cleft sentence composes of a matrix clause headed by copula and relative or relative-like clause. Both (matrix and relative) reflect a simple logical proposal, That could’ve been conveyed in the consisting of a specific attribute without changing the truth circumstances. So this structure allows the writer focusing on the important element that he /she believes to reveal the creative use of language.
Loaded equations, arising during synthesis of control of rod heating by moving sources
Authors:   Institute of Control Systems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Hashimov V.A.
Published: August 2021

The article proposes an approach to solving the problem of synthesis of motion and power control of lumped sources. For concreteness, the problem of linear feedback control of moving heat sources during heating of the rod is considered. The powers and motion of point sources, participating in the right-hand side of the differential equation of parabolic type, are determined depending on the measured values of the process state at the points of measurement. As a result, the right-hand side of the differential equation linearly depends on the values of the process state at the given points of the bar. Formulas for the components of the gradient of the functional with respect to the parameters of linear feedback are obtained, which make it possible to use first-order optimization methods for the numerical solution of synthesis problems.
Kabardino-circassian phytonyms and botanical scientific nomenclature
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Shkhagapsoev S.Kh.
Published: August 2021

For the first time in the Kabardino-Circassian language, on the basis of the international code of botanical nomenclature (ICBN, Vienna Code), the names of the main taxonomic units (type, family, genus) of the plant world and their representatives are given.
Repositório REA Biblio Saúde: contribuição para socialização de conhecimentos e práticas por e entre bibliotecários de ciências da saúde e diálogos com a teoria da aprendizagem por experiência de KOLB
Authors: Prudencio Dayanne da Silva , Biolchini Jorge Calmon de Almeida
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar como o repositório REA Biblio Saúde opera como canal de formação continuada para bibliotecários de ciências da saúde e ao mesmo tempo contribui para a socialização de saberes e práticas informacionais desenvolvidas por esta população.
Método: Utiliza questionário para levantamento das necessidades de formação continuada e pesquisa exploratória em repositórios de recursos educacionais abertos visando identificar recursos sobre as categorias identificadas. Desenvolve o repositório no software Omeka, descreve os recursos utilizando o padrão de metadados Dublin Core, optou-se por um esquema de organização do conteúdo informacional por coleções, sistema de rotulagem por disposições textuais, utiliza busca facetada e método de recuperação da informação, limitamos a uma busca simples.Trata-se de pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, quantitativa, com a amostra populacional de 80 participantes, num universo potencial de 206.
Resultado: Reúne 20 diferentes coleções com aproximadamente 100 recursos educacionais sobre diferentes categorias entre as quais destacamos: prática de informação e biblioteconômica baseada em evidência e biblioteconomia baseada em evidência. Em sua maioria os recursos são do tipo massive open online courses e artigos.
Conclusões: Bibliotecários de ciências da saúde têm produzido diferentes tipos de conhecimentos sobre seus saberes e práticas, contudo, estes ainda são pouco socializados entre seus pares. Advogamos que estes profissionais devem engajar-se em iniciativas de promoção da educação aberta e ativa de modo a contribuir com os processos de aprendizagem de seus pares. O repositório REA Biblio Saúde é uma iniciativa inovadora no campo e que deve ser aperfeiçoado teoricamente e empiricamente pelos pares.
Medieval Pragmatics: Philosophical and Grammatical Contexts
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter discusses grammar and pragmatic thinking in the schools
after 1050, focusing on internal history and semiotics. Roger Bacon and
Peter (of) John Olivi proposed far-reaching theories of language and
meaning with pragmatic perspectives. Bacon foregrounded pragmatic
understanding in his semiotics of language and proposed context and
communicative effectiveness rather than formal completion as the criteria
for linguistic acceptability. Grammarians’ analysis of interjections, speech
fragments, and emotional expressions opened new ways of understanding
meaning-making, discursive interaction, and double articulation within
a grammatical system and new pragmatic thinking about signification,
reference, and affect. Olivi’s pragmatic approaches to some philosophical
and theological accounts of language and expression focused on speakers’
and listeners’ responsibilities and how words’ meanings and contexts can
change over time.
Interjections: Does Affect have Grammar?
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter first explores early grammarians’ accounts of the interjection
and then elaborates on thirteenth-century grammarians’ analysis
of interjections, communication rather than formal grammar, and the
role of affectus, feeling, and emotion within grammar and semantics. The
grammarians stretched the idea of verbal meaning to include both cognitive
and affective signification as understood in specific contexts. Priscian
(Institutiones, 2.15) provided grammarians with a framework for contrasting
assertive sentences referring to substances with nonassertive sentences or
interjections signifying mental dispositions or affects. These grammarians
situated grammar and usage within interpersonal speech contexts.
Allas Context
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter explores in detail Chaucer’s uses of the interjection allas
in various prose and poetic texts. Chaucer’s many uses and contexts of
allas suggest how the functions and significations of the Middle English
interjection were not stable but rather shift according to who is speaking,
where, to whom, in what narrative or textual situation. From the perspective
of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism, Chaucer’s poetic practice gives some
concreteness to the grammarians’ theories of interjections, affect, and
semantics in interpersonal and semiotic contexts.
Margery Kempe’s Strategic Vague Language
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter continues the previous analysis of heretics’ speech from the
perspective of Conversation Analysis. Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism sets
Kempe’s pragmatic thinking in a sociolinguistic frame. The narrative of
her examinations at the Archbishop of York’s court suggests that people’s
thinking about how language defines, expresses, controls, and resists also
informed how they pragmatically and metapragmatically constructed their
speech for social survival, subjective authority, or agency in asymmetric
or hostile interactions. Medieval grammarians’ and logicians’ concerns
with reference and equivocatio (ambiguity, polysemy, vagueness) were
reinterpreted in controversies about how heretics and nonconformists talk
in hostile institutional situations. Kempe’s sophisticated use of evasive,
vague, hedged, and recontextualized speech and situational pragmatics
proves more than a match for the Archbishop and his clerks.
One More Thing
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

A medieval pragmatic orientation in grammar emerged from both
theoretical and practical knowledge. Medieval pragmatic approaches
to language actualized an alternate (Laclau and Mouffe [2000] would
say “antagonistic”) hegemony, a discursive space of thinking differently
about language, meaning, and communication. Pragmatically oriented
grammarians reanalyzed many examples of (propositional) speech
found in medieval logic texts and more formalist grammatical writing
and arrived at different conclusions. They found descriptive value and
analytic productivity in what others regarded as fallacies and errors. In
effect, pragmatically oriented grammarians actualized as meaningful
potential alternatives in the linguistic system. Some of those alternatives
are exemplified in poetic discourse and how heretics talk.
The Web of Creation in Wisdom Poems
Authors: Barajas Courtney Catherine
Published: August 2021

Active engagement with the mysteries of creation was an important goal
of Old English wisdom poetry; these poems require audience understanding
of the interconnectedness of the Earth community. Exploring
kinship connections between human and other-than-human beings,
they anticipate modern ideas about the importance of exchange within
ecosystems. The Order of the World encourages active engagement with the
other-than-human as a means of praising the Creator. Maxims I, in turn,
serves as an example of one such poetic attempt, imagining a world in
which non-human forces act in familiar, rather than entirely threatening,
ways. The Order of the World and Maxims I suggests that early medieval
English thinkers understood and affirmed the interconnectedness of
the Earth community.
After Eve
Authors: Emison Patricia
Published: August 2021

The imagery of films both reflected and spurred radical shifts in women’s
lives throughout the 20th century. The history of film, and of responses
to film, provides evidence of social attitudes and prejudices—those in
Hollywood but also regional biases, pertaining to race as well as to gender.
Those who were socially denigrated, such as prostitutes, were often treated
with a degree of respect in screen narratives. The traditional genres had
depended on closure; film, especially post–World War II, featured women
and children with complexly difficult lives often lacking neat resolutions.
Resnais, Bergman, and Antonioni each focused on women with humdrum
rather than heroic lives, and made them the linchpin for studies of the
psychological pressures of the modern world.
The Nature of the Fomoiri: The Dark Other in the Medieval Irish Imagination
Authors: Carey John
Published: August 2021

Scholars undertaking to reconstruct the mythology of the ancient Celts often
point to the Túatha Dé Danann and Fomoiri of Irish legend as representing
earlier gods of light opposed to gods of darkness and chaos; the hostilities
between them are regarded as the Irish reflex of an Indo-European ‘War
of the Gods’. The prevalence of this polarized model is largely due to two
influential texts, Cath Maige Tuired and Lebor Gabála Érenn: elsewhere
in the tradition, in sources of all periods, the connotations of the two
terms overlap repeatedly, and the nature of their relationship is profoundly
ambiguous. This contribution undertakes to survey the evidence – arguing
that, for the Irish, darkness was by no means incompatible with divinity.
Baldr’s Achilles’ Heel? About the Scandinavian Three-God B-Bracteates
Authors: Bek-Pedersen Karen
Published: August 2021

The article seeks to revise the currently dominant interpretation of the
so-called ‘three-god bracteates’ as an early version of the Norse myth
about Baldr. A detailed review shows that the elements of this myth as it
is known from medieval literary sources and the iconographic elements
depicted on the much earlier bracteates do not really match. It is clear
that the motif on the bracteates is inspired by images from Roman coins,
but it is also clear that it does not constitute a direct parallel. The article
presents a new suggestion, which is that the bracteates must be considered
with Norse narrative traditions in mind, but without forcing the motif to
comply with preconceived ideas.
The Cult of Óðinn in the Early Scandinavian Warrior Aristocracy
Authors: Rood Joshua
Published: August 2021

Medieval literary sources often portray the Norse deity Óðinn as being the
ultimate sovereign, ruling over other gods and earthly rulers alike. This
chapter compares the earliest evidence for the deity to the warrior-based
aristocracy which was beginning to come to power during the period prior
to the Viking Age, and attempts to shed new light on the relationship
between the two. The chapter argues that many Óðinn’s features developed
during this period and played a role in the identity formation of the early
warrior rulers who worshipped him.
The Scylding Dynasty in Saxo and Beowulf as Disguised Theogony
Authors: Lyle Emily
Published: August 2021

The common ground between the representations of the Scylding dynasty
in Saxo’s Gesta Danorum and Beowulf consists of four generations and
this set has already been explored in the legendary context. There is,
however, a hidden intervening generation between the third and fourth
generations which becomes visible when attention is paid to the succeeding
reigns of Balder and Høther, taken along with the birth of Rolf Krake
from father-daughter incest in Saxo which means that Rolf’s mother
belongs to the generation after his father. This chapter argues that this
intervening generation corresponds to that of the young gods in a proposed
Indo-European theogony and is that of the death of Balder, while the fifth
generation is that of the mortal avenger.
Loki the Slandered God? Selective Omission of Skaldic Citations in Snorri Sturluson’s Edda
Authors: Parkhouse James
Published: August 2021

Despite widespread acknowledgment of the complexity of Loki’s nature
and function in Old Norse mythology, many critical approaches nonetheless
begin from an implicit foundational assumption that he is in
essence a negative and antagonistic figure. Conversely, some scholars
have interpreted Loki as a culture hero, whilst it is widely agreed that
aspects of his negative characterization developed under the influence
of traditions about the Christian Devil. This chapter considers the extent
to which the thirteenth-century Icelandic historian and mythographer
Snorri Sturluson actively contributed in his Edda to the ‘demonization of
Loki’ (John Lindow, Norse Mythology [2001], 303), through an analysis of
the lists of kennings (poetic periphrases, quoted from older skaldic verse)
which Snorri provides for major mythological entities.
Ymir, Baldr, and the Grand Narrative Arc of Mythological History
Authors: Wellendorf Jonas
Published: August 2021

The Baldr story is now often linked with the killing of Ymir and seen as the
pivotal point in a great mythological narrative that outlines the history
of the flawed order of Óðinn from creation to destruction. This article
discusses two related points with a bearing on the foundations of this
theory. The first deals with the interpretation of the killing of Ymir and
its significance for subsequent mythological events. Rather than seeing
the killing of Ymir as a foundational crime, it is argued that the sources
present it as a benign creative act. The second main point deals with the
interpretation of the Baldr story as a murder within the family which, it
is argued, is a story about the inevitability of fate.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG THEO THANG ĐO CỦA TRUNG TÂM DINH DƯỠNG TP.HCM ĐỐI VỚI THAI PHỤ ĐẾN SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA KHU VỰC PHÍA NAM BÌNH THUẬN
Authors: Đình Trung Đỗ , Văn Huỳnh Lê , Mai Xuân Hồng Tô
Published: August 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Chế độ dinh dưỡng đầy đủ và đúng cách trong quá trình mang thai có vai trò quan trọng trong sự phát triển và tăng trưởng của thai nhi. Nghiên cứu tiến hành nhằm  xác định tỷ lệ dinh dưỡng kém bằng thang đo dinh dưỡng của Trung tâm dinh dưỡng TPHCM. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang từ 01/11/2020 đến  31//05/2021. Sử dụng bảng thang đo dinh dưỡng cúa Trung tâm dinh dưỡng TPHCM trên 330 thai phụ đến sinh tại bệnh viện đa khoa khu vực Phía Nam Bình Thuận, với điểm cắt bằng 2,0 điểm để xác định thai phụ có nguy cơ dinh dưỡng. Kết quả: Thai phụ có nguy cơ dinh dưỡng chiếm 17,0% (KTC 95% 13,3-21,8). Kết cục xấu của mẹ: 2,1% (KTC 95%: 0,6 – 3,9) bao gồm: tiền sản giật/sản giật (1,5%), Băng huyết (0,6%), nhau bong non (0,6%), nhiễm trùng sau sinh (0,3%). Kết cục xấu của con: 2,4% (KTC95%: 0,9 – 4,2) bao gồm: can thiệp nhi (0,6%), chuyển dưỡng nhi (2,1%), vàng da sau sinh (0,9%), chuyển tuyến điều trị (0,9%).  Các thai phụ là người dân tộc thiểu số có nguy cơ gặp bất thường về dinh dưỡng trong thai kỳ cao gấp 4,8 lần (OR=4,8; KTC 95%: 1,01-22,5) so với thai phụ là người Kinh. BMI <18,5 trước khi sinh con làm tăng nguy cơ gặp bất thường về dinh dưỡng gấp 64,1 lần (OR=64,1; KTC 95%: 11,2-368,3). Có mối liên quan giữa kết cục thai kỳ xấu và bất thường dinh dưỡng trong thai kỳ (p<0,05). Kết luận: Sử dụng thang đo dinh dưỡng của Trung tâm dinh dưỡng TPHCM với điểm cắt 2,0 điểm giúp sàng lọc đối tượng thai phụ có nguy cơ rối loạn dinh dưỡng trong thai kỳ, và tiên đoán các ảnh hưởng đến sức khoẻ cho thai phụ và bé sơ sinh.