bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Reduction Compared with Access to Care: Quantifying the Trade-Off of Enforcing a Body Mass Index Eligibility Criterion for Joint Replacement
Authors: Giori Nicholas J. , Amanatullah Derek F. , Gupta Shalini , Bowe Thomas , Harris Alex H.S.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Morbidly obese patients with severe osteoarthritis benefit from successful total joint arthroplasty. However, morbid obesity increases the risk of complications. Because of this, some surgeons enforce a body mass index (BMI) eligibility criterion above which total joint arthroplasty is denied. In this study, we investigate the trade-off between avoiding complications and restricting access to care when enforcing BMI-based eligibility criteria for total joint arthroplasty.

Methods:

In this retrospective cohort study, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) and Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP) databases were reviewed for patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty from October 2011 through September 2014. We determined, if various BMI eligibility criteria had been enforced over that period of time, how many short-term complications would have been avoided, how many complication-free surgical procedures would have been denied, and the positive predictive value of BMI eligibility criteria as tests for major complications. To provide a frame of reference, we also determined what would have happened if eligibility for total joint arthroplasty were arbitrarily determined by flipping a coin.

Results:

In this study, 27,671 total joint arthroplasties were reviewed. With a BMI criterion of ≥40 kg/m2, 1,148 patients would have been denied a surgical procedure free of major complications, and 83 patients would have avoided a major complication. The positive predictive value of a complication using a BMI of ≥40 kg/m2 as a test for major complications was 6.74% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.44% to 8.33%). The positive predictive value of a complication using a BMI criterion of 30 kg/m2 was 5.33% (95% CI, 4.99% to 5.71%). Flipping a coin had a positive predictive value of 5.05%.

Conclusions:

A 30 kg/m2 criterion for total joint arthroplasty eligibility is marginally better than flipping a coin and should not determine surgical eligibility. With a BMI criterion of ≥40 kg/m2, the number of patients denied a complication-free surgical procedure is about 14 times larger than those spared a complication. Although the acceptable balance between avoiding complications and providing access to care can be debated, such a quantitative assessment helps to inform decisions regarding the advisability of enforcing a BMI criterion for total joint arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Long-Term Outcomes of Glenohumeral Arthrodesis
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , McLaughlin Richard , Sarfani Shumaila , Cofield Robert H. , Sperling John W. , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin , Elhassan Bassem T.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis is associated with a high rate of complications. Although patients experience reasonable pain relief and shoulder stability, they experience marked limitations in their upper-extremity function. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical outcomes of glenohumeral arthrodesis.

Methods:

Twenty-nine patients with 29 affected shoulders underwent primary glenohumeral arthrodesis between 1992 and 2009. Surgical indications included rotator cuff arthropathy and pseudoparalysis (n = 7), neurologic injuries (n = 12), chronic infection (n = 3), recurrent dislocations (n = 3), and proximal humeral or shoulder girdle tumors (n = 4). Surgical fixation techniques included plates and screws in 18 patients and screws only in 11 patients.

Results:

All patients were examined, with a mean follow-up of 12 years (range, 2 to 22 years). Twelve patients (41%) had postoperative complications, including 6 periprosthetic fractures, 7 nonunions, and 3 infections. Eleven patients (38%) required additional surgical procedures after arthrodesis, including revision internal fixation to achieve glenohumeral fusion after nonunions (n = 7), irrigation and debridement with antibiotic treatment for deep infections (n = 2), open reduction and internal fixation to treat fracture (n = 2), and implant removal to treat symptomatic patients (n = 3). Patients experienced reasonable overall pain relief. The mean postoperative scores were 35 points for the Subjective Shoulder Value, 58 points for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, and 54 points for the Short Form-36. Eighty-seven percent of patients reported postoperative limitations. Patients with neurologic injuries had worse functional outcomes, and an arthrodesis position of ≥25° yielded better functional outcomes.

Conclusions:

Glenohumeral arthrodesis is associated with a high rate of patients with complications (41%). Although patients experience reasonable pain relief and shoulder stability, they experience marked limitations in their upper-extremity function.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Nonoperative Management of Spinal Epidural Abscess
Authors: Shah Akash A. , Ogink Paul T. , Nelson Sandra B. , Harris Mitchel B. , Schwab Joseph H.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical in spinal epidural abscess, as delay can lead to paralysis or death. The initial management decision for spinal epidural abscess is not always clear, with the literature showing conflicting results. When considering nonoperative management, it is crucial to avoid failure of treatment, given the neurologic compromise incurred through failure. Unfortunately, data regarding risk factors associated with failure are scarce.

Methods:

All patients admitted to our hospital system with a diagnosis of spinal epidural abscess from 1993 to 2016 were identified. Patients who were ≥18 years of age and were initially managed nonoperatively were included. Explanatory variables and outcomes were collected retrospectively. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed on these variables to identify independent predictors of failure of nonoperative treatment. A nomogram was constructed to generate a risk of failure based on these predictors.

Results:

We identified 367 patients who initially underwent nonoperative management. Of these, 99 patients underwent medical management that failed. Multivariable logistic regression yielded 6 independent predictors of failure: a presenting motor deficit, pathologic or compression fracture in affected levels, active malignancy, diabetes mellitus, sensory changes, and dorsal location of abscess. We constructed a nomogram that generates a probability of failure based on the presence of these factors.

Conclusions:

By quantifying the risk of failure on the basis of the presence of 6 independent predictors of treatment failure, our nomogram may provide a useful tool for the treatment team when weighing the risks and benefits of initial nonoperative treatment compared with operative management.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of Autograft and Allograft with Surface Modification for Flexor Tendon Reconstruction
Authors: Wei Zhuang , Reisdorf Ramona L. , Thoreson Andrew R. , Jay Gregory D. , Moran Steven L. , An Kai-Nan , Amadio Peter C. , Zhao Chunfeng
Published: April 2018

Background:

Flexor tendon injury is common, and tendon reconstruction is indicated clinically if the primary repair fails or cannot be performed immediately after tendon injury. The purpose of the current study was to compare clinically standard extrasynovial autologous graft (EAG) tendon and intrasynovial allogeneic graft (IAG) that had both undergone biolubricant surface modification in a canine in vivo model.

Methods:

Twenty-four flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons from the second and fifth digits of 12 dogs were used for this study. In the first phase, a model of failed FDP tendon repair was created. After 6 weeks, the ruptured FDP tendons with a scarred digit were reconstructed with the use of either EAG or IAG tendons treated with carbodiimide-derivatized hyaluronic acid and lubricin. At 12 weeks after tendon reconstruction, the digits were harvested for functional, biomechanical, and histologic evaluations.

Results:

The tendon failure model was a clinically relevant and reproducible model for tendon reconstruction. The IAG group demonstrated improved digit function with decreased adhesion formation, lower digit work of flexion, and improved graft gliding ability compared with the EAG group. However, the IAG group had decreased healing at the distal tendon-bone junction. Our histologic findings verified the biomechanical evaluations and, further, showed that cellular repopulation of allograft at 12 weeks after reconstruction is still challenging.

Conclusions:

FDP tendon reconstruction using IAG with surface modification has some beneficial effects for reducing adhesions but demonstrated inferior healing at the distal tendon-bone junction compared with EAG. These mixed results indicate that vitalization and turnover acceleration are crucial to reducing failure of reconstruction with allograft.

Clinical Relevance:

Flexor tendon reconstruction is a common surgical procedure. However, postoperative adhesion formation may lead to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. In this study, we developed a potential flexor tendon allograft using chemical and tissue-engineering approaches. This technology could improve function following tendon reconstruction.
Operative Experience During Orthopaedic Residency Compared with Early Practice in the U.S.
Authors: Kohring Jessica M. , Bishop Michael O. , Presson Angela P. , Harrast John J. , Marsh J. Lawrence , Parsons Theodore W. , Saltzman Charles L.
Published: April 2018

Background:

The goal of surgical education is to prepare the trainee for independent practice; however, the relevance of the current residency experience to practice remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to identify the surgical procedures most frequently performed in orthopaedic residency and in early surgical practice and to identify surgical procedures performed more often or less often in orthopaedic residency compared with early surgical practice.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included American Medical Association (AMA) Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes (n = 4,329,561 procedures) reported by all U.S. orthopaedic surgery residents completing residency between 2010 and 2012 (n = 1,978) and AMA CPT codes for all procedures (n = 413,370) reported by U.S. orthopaedic surgeons who took the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II certifying examination between 2013 and 2015 (n = 2,205). Relative rates were determined for AMA CPT codes and AMA CPT code categories for adult and pediatric surgeries that had frequencies of ≥0.1% for both practitioners and residents.

Results:

The top 25 adult AMA CPT code categories contributed 82.1% of the total case volume for residents and 82.4% for practitioners. Knee and shoulder arthroscopy were the most frequently performed procedures in adults in both residency and early practice. Humerus/elbow fracture and/or dislocation procedures and “other musculoskeletal–introduction or removal” procedures were the most frequently performed procedures in pediatric cases in both residency and early practice. Of the total 78 adult and 82 pediatric code categories included in our analysis that had a frequency of >1% in residency or early practice, there were 4 adult and 6 pediatric code categories demonstrating 44% to 1,164% greater frequency in residency than in early practice, and there were 8 adult and 7 pediatric code categories demonstrating 26% to 73% less frequency in residency than in early practice.

Conclusions:

Similarity between residency and early practice experience is generally strong. However, we identified several AMA CPT code categories and individual CPT codes for which the level of exposure during residency varied substantially from early practice experience. These findings can help residencies ensure adequate trainee exposure to procedures performed commonly in early practice.
MODO DE VIDA CAMPONESA: MUDANÇAS E PERMANÊNCIAS NA COMUNIDADE BOM JESUS NA ESTRADA DA EMADE –TEFÉ-AM/Mode of camponesa life: changes and permanences in the community Bom Jesus on the road of EMADE -Tefé/AM
Authors: Situba Nágila dos Santos , Mesquita Massilene
Published: April 2018

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as mudanças e permanências dos modos de vida camponesa da comunidade Bom Jesus, situada na estrada da Emade, município de Tefé-Amazonas. Neste sentido, as transformações e permanências ocorridas nesta comunidade estão relacionadas à abertura da estrada da Emade (1997) e a instalação da Empresa Amazonense de Dendê na década de 1980. Além disto, outro elemento agregado a essas mudanças é o processo de urbanização que se expandiu em todo o globo terrestre, trazendo consigo transformações nos modos de vida, no cotidiano e na relação cidade e comunidade. Os resultados obtidos apontam mudanças no que se refere aos modos de vida, hábitos alimentares e atividades agrícolas que caracterizavam os camponeses. Além disto, outras atividades se inseriram no cotidiano dos camponeses como: extração de madeira, carpintaria, comércio, produção de carvão, servidor público etc.
THE PLACE OF FOSINOPRIL IN EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Berns S. A. , Stryuk R. I.
Published: April 2018

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the main cause of mortality in the world. [1] At the same time, arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most common CV pathologies, which, according to foreign researchers, affects about 30–45% of the general population [2] and about 40–47% of the population according to Russian studies. [3] The experts forecast that by 2030 the prevalence of hypertension will increase by approximately 10%. [4]
HOW NEW APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM AFFECT THE OUTCOME OF THE DISEASE?
Authors: Gilyarov M. Y. , Konstantinova E. V.
Published: April 2018

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the key potentially reversible cause of in-hospital mortality. To help the practitioner, leading experts in different countries are developing and updating guidelines which analyze and generalize approaches to the treatment of PE. Recently, among the factors leading to positive dynamics in outcomes of patients with PE (according to the RIETE registry),the researchers have considered improvement of diagnostic techniques as well as technical improvements in tomographic scanners. Another reason for improved outcomes of treated patients with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is optimization of anticoagulation therapy. The emergence of “new” oral anticoagulants (NOAC: rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban) marked the beginning of a qualitatively new approach to the treatment of PE characterized by convenience of treatment without the need for regular monitoring of blood coagulation parameters. In addition to the emergence of new convenient and effective drugs, the approach to diagnosis and treatment of patients also changed, as reflected in the updated guidelines for the management of patients with venous thromboembolic complications (ESC 2014, ACCP 2016).
MYOCARDIAL CYTOPROTECTOR TRIMETAZIDINE MB-PREPARAT, INCREASES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Trukhan D. I. , Mazurov A. L. , Davydov E. L.
Published: April 2018

The results of numerous foreign and russian researches indicate that administration of trimetazidine MB, including its russian generic drug Deprenorm® MV, in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease, including those with concomitant chronic heart failure, is a real opportunity to improve the effectiveness of treatment of such patients.
A expansão do estrato geológico urbano (arqueosfera) no leste do Estado de São Paulo: a relação entre História, Geografia, Geologia e Arqueologia no Antropoceno
Authors: Peloggia Alex , Ortega Any Marise , Edgeworth Matthew , Luz Rodolfo Alvez
Published: April 2018

O estudo do processo de formação do estrato geológico antropogênico, ou arqueosfera, decorrente da urbanização na porção oriental do Estado de São Paulo, desde o século XVI até hoje, possibilita discutir em uma perspectiva de longa duração a relação entre a apropriação do território e os condicionantes naturais geológicos, geomorfológicos e hidrográficos, posicionando tal reflexão, que envolve a História, a Geografia, a Geologia e a Arqueologia, no debate atual sobre o Antropoceno – a “época geológica humana”.
Pressure management and residential consumption reduction
Authors: Garmendia M. , Almandoz J. , Arrizabalaga A. , Arregui F.
Published: April 2018

The benefits of applying pressure management in urban water supply networks have been well known for more than 10 years. Apart from reducing leakage, it also reduces burst frequency and consumption. However, the reduction of consumption with pressure is an objective that has only been considered a priority in water scarcity scenarios and suffers from a lack of systematic or conclusive studies. This paper analyses the relationship between pressure and consumption in a water distribution network equipped with remote water meter reading. Based on end use breakdowns, the paper estimates the percentage of pressure-dependent consumption. It establishes three different scenarios and assesses the relationship between pressure and consumption by means of the N3 coefficient.
Human Oral Defensins Antimicrobial Peptides: A Future Promising Antimicrobial Drug
Authors: Khurshid Zohaib , Zafar Muhammad S. , Naseem Mustafa , Khan Rabia Sannam , Najeeb Shariq
Published: April 2018

The nature and structural composition of antimicrobial peptides are derived from their innate immune
response and they are active against various bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms. The aim of this paper was
to pool up the literature on the features of human oral defensins antimicrobial peptides. The defensins showed
antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and various fungi and viruses. As with
their other properties like antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial, human defensins peptides are thought to have a
unique amino acid-based structure with Disulphide Bridge which makes them synthesize chemically or naturally
with the help of these bacteria. The data contributing in this study was gathered from the research papers published
in English language in the last twenty-five years. This literature mainly elaborates the general and analytical
characteristics of antimicrobial peptides in the human oral cavity; focusing on the types, biochemistry, and
mechanism of action of defensins with its clinical importance.
Influencia del ácido indolbutírico y ácido naftalenoacético sobre el enraizamiento de esquejes de caña flecha (Gynerium sagittatum Aubl.)
Authors: Hernández Murillo Jenry Rafael , Aramendiz Tatis Hermes , Cardona Ayala Carlos Enrique
Published: April 2018

El estudio se realizó durante el segundo semestre del 2004, en la Universidad de Córdoba de Montería - Colombia, con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de auxinas en la formación de raíces adventicias en estacas básales de caña flecha (Gynerium sagittatum Aubl.). Las estacas, de tres y cuatro nudos, se obtuvieron del tercio inferior del tallo en la variedad “Criolla”. Los tratamientos empleados para la investigación correspondieron a: 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600 y 2000 mg L-1, para AIB, ANA y AIB+ANA. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar, con dieciséis (16) tratamientos y tres (3) repeticiones. Se evaluaron las variables número de raíces, longitud máxima de raíces, masa seca de raíces, porcentaje de enraizamiento, número de brotes, número de hojas y longitud máxima de brotes. El AIB a 2000 mg L-1 propicio el mayor número de raíces por estaca y cuando se utilizó ANA a 400 mg L-1 y AIB + ANA a 1200 mg L-1 se logró obtener un 100% de estacas enraizadas, en tanto que con el testigo un 75 % de enraizamiento. Así mismo, AIB + ANA a 400 mg L-1, indujo resultados satisfactorios para longitud máxima de raíz y masa seca de raíz. Por consiguiente, para propagar rápida y masivamente la caña flecha por medio de estacas, resulta efectivo el uso de ANA a 400 mg L-1 por su menor costo, colectando las estacas cuando las plantas madres estén con buen vigor vegetativo y con poco grado de lignificación.
Efecto de diferentes ambientes y empaques sobre la viabilidad de semillas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis var. Flavicarpa Degener)
Authors: Cardona Ayala Carlos Enrique , Aramendiz Tatis Hermes , Robles Juana , López Vladimir , Ubarnes Juan
Published: April 2018

El maracuyá es uno de los frutales más importantes del departamento de Córdoba, donde el área cultivada se ha incrementado considerablemente. La calidad de la semilla, para el establecimiento de nuevos cultivos, juega un papel relevante en este sistema de producción, por tal razón se procedió a evaluar la viabilidad de las semillas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener) almacenada en diferentes empaques y ambientes a través del tiempo. Se utilizó un diseñó completamente aleatorizado con estructura factorial 2x3 y cuatro repeticiones. El factor A correspondió a dos tipos de empaques: bolsa plástica y tarro plástico, y el factor B estuvo constituido por tres ambientes: cuarto frío (5±1ºC y H.R. del 38±2%), nevera (5±2 ºC y H.R. del 78%) y condiciones ambientales locales (24°C y 32.2°C, con media de 27.9°C y H.R. del 80%). Se evaluaron las variables germinación, vigor y humedad, en porcentaje, a los 30, 60, 90 y 120 días después de almacenadas las semillas. La mejor respuesta en las variables germinación y vigor se obtuvo en los ambientes refrigerados utilizando bolsa plástica, con valores de germinación cercanos a 100%, superiores a los obtenidos a partir de semillas recién extraídas del fruto. Con esta combinación se mantuvo la calidad de la semilla, sin percibirse indicios de deterioro en el tiempo transcurrido. A los 120 días de almacenamiento, el porcentaje de germinación disminuyó en todos los tratamientos, pero fue superior al obtenido a partir de semillas recién extraídas del fruto, es decir por encima de 73.5%.
Obtención de harina a partir del cultivo de Chlorella vulgaris y su análisis proteico
Authors: Andrade Ricardo , Torres Gallo Ramiro , Montes Montes Everaldo Joaquín , Fernandez Alfredo
Published: April 2018

La obtención de proteína a partir organismos unicelulares es una alternativa de fácil accesibilidad, bajo costo y alto rendimiento. En este trabajo se cultivó la microalga Chlorella vulgaris a nivel de laboratorio, posteriormente se transformó en harina, a la cual se le determinó la composición bioquímica y las características del perfil de aminoácidos esenciales. El cultivo, de pureza monoespecífica y extensiva, se realizó por lotes utilizando tres concentraciones (1, 3 y 5 ml l-1 de solución) del fertilizante comercial triple 15. La mayor velocidad de crecimiento se dio a una concentración de 1 ml de fertilizante l-1 de solución, (Pr< 0.05). Las mediciones de concentración de proteína bruta revelaron valores relativamente altos, 56,25% (p/p), con un buen nivel de aminoácidos esenciales, sin limitantes para adultos comparados con el patrón WHO/FAO/UNU y teniendo solo como primer limitante los aminoácidos sulfurados (metionina y cisteina), mostrando una deficiencia del 6% para preescolares, la cual no es critica.
Calidad física, química y bacteriológica del agua envasada en el municipio de Montería
Authors: Simanca Mónica , Álvarez Beatriz , Paternina Roberth
Published: April 2018

El agua es vector de peligros físicos, químicos y biológicos importantes para el hombre, por lo que para su consumo es necesario verificar las condiciones de salubridad de la misma, para determinar su aptitud para el consumo humano. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar los parámetros físicos: pH, color, olor, turbiedad, sólidos totales y conductividad; las características químicas: alcalinidad, sulfatos, dureza total, hierro total, aluminio, cloruros y cloro residual; y las características bacteriológicas: coliformes totales, coliformes fecales y Pseudomonas spp., en 16 empresas envasadoras de agua para consumo humano en el municipio de Montería departamento de Córdoba durante cinco meses. Las variables sólidos totales, pH, alcalinidad, dureza total, conductividad, cloruros, cloro residual y alcalinidad, mostraron diferencias altamente significativas (p≤ 0,01) y los sulfatos diferencias significativas (p≤ 0,05) entre los meses de estudio, indicando que las variaciones de la calidad del agua cruda en el transcurso del estudio influyeron en la calidad final de la misma. Los parámetros de dureza, sólidos totales y conductividad difieren significativamente (p≤ 0,05) entre las empresas envasadoras, como producto de la etapa de floculación para minimizar sólidos y turbiedad en algunas envasadoras. Las variables color, olor, turbiedad, contenido de hierro y aluminio no mostraron diferencias significativas (p≥ 0,05) tanto para las empresas evaluadas como durante los meses de estudio. Los parámetros bacteriológicos, permanecieron constantes durante la investigación. Este estudio evidenció el cumplimiento del Decreto 1575 del 2007 y las Resoluciones 2125 del 2007 y 12186 de 1991 del Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia.
Comparación de la fritura al vacío y atmosférica en la obtención de pasabocas de mango (Manguifera indica L.)
Authors: Villamizar Rafael Humberto , Quinceno Maria Cristina , Giraldo German Antonio
Published: April 2018

Las características sensoriales (textura, aroma, color y sabor) de pasabocas de mango obtenidos a presión atmosférica y al vacio fueron evaluados por un panel semientrenado. Además, los contenidos de de vitamina C y acrilamida, fueron determinados por UV-VISIBLE. Las condiciones del proceso fueron: a presión atmosférica 175ºC de temperatura y 30s, al vacio 110ºC y 90s de tiempo de inmersión. Los resultados indicaron que la perdida de vitamina C al vacío (43,2%) fue menos de la mitad de la que se pierde a presión atmosférica (93,8%) y que se presenta una reducción en la producción de acrilamida del 83,14% al vacío. Las características sensoriales presentaron una diferencia significativa en cuanto al color y sabor siendo mejor calificada la fritura al vacio, sin encontrarse diferencia para el aroma y para la textura. Estos resultados estuvieron de acuerdo con los valores de las características fisicoquímicas: reducción del contenido de grasa, del contenido de humedad y fuerza de corte en un 52,8%, 48,8% y 38,6% respectivamente. Pudiendo concluir que el proceso al vacío genera mejores características sensoriales fisicoquímicas y nutricionales que el proceso a presión atmosférica.
Caracterización de la fruta, pulpa y concentrado de uchuva (Physalis peruviana L.)
Authors: Duque Alba , Giraldo German , Quintero Victor
Published: April 2018

Las Frutas tropicales como la uchuva suministran al organismo cantidades apreciables de carbohidratos, minerales y vitaminas requeridos para una buena salud. Su consumo propiedades organolépticas, dentro de estas técnicas la más apreciada es la concentración a bajas temperaturas. En este trabajo se realizó la caracterización físico-química de la fruta, pulpa y concentrado de uchuva, para seleccionar la más adecuada en la producción de jugos. El concentrado se obtuvo a bajas temperaturas 10°C y se le evaluaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas a diferentes intervalos de tiempo. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que no hay diferencia estadística significativa entre la fruta y la pulpa, en los parámetros de aw, °brix y acidez, el concentrado presentó disminuciones significativas en aw y xw e incrementó los °brix y la acidez. La máxima concentración (30°brix) de la pulpa se alcanzó a los 6 días, con una viscosidad de 13,4 mPa.s y 34,4°brix. De acuerdo a los valores obtenidos se seleccionó la pulpa de uchuva como el producto más adecuado en la elaboración de jugos, debido a la mayor conservación de las características de la fruta fresca.
Estandarización de la extracción de adn genómico en Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. y Cordia alliodora (Ruiz y Pav.) Okén
Authors: Lopez Mora Paola , Lopez Gutierrez Ana , Marulanda-Angel Marta
Published: April 2018

El potencial comercial y el papel que desempeñan en la protección del medio ambiente, Cordia alliodora y Tabebuia rosea las torna relevantes en el Plan Nacional de Reforestación, el cual es ejecutado por la Corporación Nacional de Investigación y Fomento Forestal (CONIF) y el Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural (MADR) de Colombia. El avance de las técnicas de biología molecular, permite la disponibilidad de nuevas herramientas en el mejoramiento genético vegetal, fomentando la fijación de genes involucrados en la expresión de caracteres fenotípicos deseables de interés comercial y productivo. El objetivo fue estandarizar un método de extracción de ADN genómico específico a partir de tejido foliar fresco y seco, al igual que de plántulas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las dos especies. En C. alliodora el tipo y estado del tejido no fue un factor limitante para la extracción, la cual dependió solamente del método empleado. Por el contrario, T. rosea presentó limitaciones en la extracción y amplificación del ADN obtenido a partir de tejido seco, lo cual se atribuyó a la concentración significativa de polisacáridos, polifenoles y otros metabolitos secundarios, también reportados en otras investigaciones para esta especie. Se cuantificó el ADN extraído y se evaluó su calidad mediante la amplificación del ADN utilizando microsatélites. Los datos se sometieron a Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) y Análisis Factorial Múltiple (AFM). Con base en los resultados, se estandarizó un protocolo de extracción de ADN para cada especie y se definió el tejido foliar óptimo para dicho proceso.
Propagación vegetativa de jequitiba Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) por miniestaca
Authors: Gatti Kellen , Gonçalves Rita de Cassia , Xavier Aloiso , De Paiva Haroldo
Published: April 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de la técnica de miniestaca para la propagación vegetativa de la especie forestal Jequitibá (Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze). Para esto se utilizo la metodología de miniestacas enraizadas en condiciones de invernadero utilizando los reguladores de crecimiento Acido indol butílico (AIB) y Acido naftaleno acético (ANA) en las dosis 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 y 4000 mg L-1, determinando la producción y sobrevivencia de las minicepas en las sucesivas cosechas. Se verifico la alta sobrevivencia de las minicepas (98%) y la media de producción de miniestacas por minicepas por cosecha fue de 3,9 miniestacas. El ANA presentó resultados superiores al AIB con 83,3% de enraizamiento en el tratamiento 2000 mg L-1 mientras que el AIB presento 75%. La sobrevivencia a los 90 días fue superior en las tratadas con ANA y AIB en las dosis 2000, 3000 y 4000 mg L-1, presentado diferencias significativascon el testigo. Se concluye que la técnica de miniestaca es una eficiente estrategia para la propagación vegetativa de Jequitibá.
Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood 1949 y Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal 1889) Chitwood 1949: Nematodos de las nudosidades radiculares en Guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) c.v manzana en Montería, Córdoba
Authors: Jaraba Navas Juan De Dios , Lozano Triviño Zayda , Suárez Padron Isidro Elias
Published: April 2018

El presente trabajo tubo como objetivo identificar los nematodos agalladores asociados al cultivo de Guayaba ( Psidium guajava L.) en Montería, Córdoba. Se tomaron muestras de raíces y suelo rizosférico. Las hembras, machos y juveniles de segundo estadío larval (J2) se obtuvieron mediante los métodos de hipoclorito de sodio-fuscina ácida, tamizado centrifugado y eclosión de masas de huevecillos, respectivamente. Se evaluaron variables morfológicas y morfométricas para determinar la especie. Se encontraron dos tipos de patrones perineales: El primer patrón con arco dorsal alto y cuadrado. El estilete de 14 μm a 16 μm, los nódulos anchos y planos. La distancia DGO de 2 μm a 4 μm. Los machos presentaron el disco labial redondeado y cóncavo centralmente. El estilete de 22 μm a 25 μm; nódulos planos y redondeados. La distancia DGO de 2 μm a 4.5 μm. Lo cual es típico de la especie M. incognita . En el segundo tipo de patrón, el arco dorsal es bajo, redondeado. Las estrías se curvan ligeramente hacia las líneas laterales y forman una ondulación, conocida como “hombrera”. El estilete midió de 13 μm a 17 μm, los nódulos son anchos y redondeados en su parte posterior. La distancia DGO de 3 μm a 6 μm. Estas características coinciden con las descritas para M. arenaria . Los resultados permiten el reporte por primera vez de M. incognita y M. arenaria afectando conjuntamente el cultivo de guayaba en la Costa Caribe Colombiana.
Factores predisponentes para ideación suicida e intento de suicidio en adolescentes adscritos a un Hospital General de Zona de Irapuato, Guanajuato, México
Authors: Vázquez Mastache Néstor Joel , De Haro Rodríguez María Antonieta
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: analizar los factores que predisponen a la ideación suicida e intento de suicidio en adolescentes adscritos al Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar (hgzmf) no. 2, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (imss) de Irapuato, Guanajuato, México. Métodos: estudio transversal analítico realizado durante el 2014, en adolescentes de entre 10 y 19 años de edad. Se analizó a 400 adolescentes mediante la aplicación de un instrumento estructurado compuesto de 132 preguntas. Se determinaron variables como edad, sexo, tipo de familia, toxicomanías, relaciones intrafamiliares y comunicación familiar, usando escalas validadas como la de ideación suicida, la escala de depresión de Beck, la escala para soledad de la Universidad de California, evaluación del autoestima de Rosemberg y violencia escolar. Resultados: 55.25% de los pacientes era de género femenino, 47.25% consumía alcohol, 22.5% tenía problemas económicos, 17.75% manifestaba baja autoestima y 10.25% padecía acoso escolar. La prevalencia de conducta suicida fue de 11.75%, de la cual 10.5% fue ideación suicida y 1.25% intento de suicidio. La depresión, la presencia de problemas económicos, el consumo de tabaco, la soledad, la baja autoestima y el acoso escolar se asociaron estadísticamente con la ideación suicida y fueron prevalentes en el subgrupo con intento de suicidio. Conclusión: la depresión, la baja autoestima, el consumo de tabaco, los problemas económicos y el acoso escolar son los principales factores predisponentes para presentar ideación suicida, por ello es importante diagnosticarla a tiempo, con la finalidad de evitar conductas suicidas y otros agravantes para la salud.
Adıgüzel Baraj Gölü (Denizli, Türkiye)’nün Rotifer Kompozisyonu
Authors: ÖZDEMİR MİS Didem , USTAOĞLU M. Ruşen
Published: April 2018

Büyük Menderes Nehir sistemi üzerinde yer
alan Adıgüzel Baraj Gölü’nün rotifer faunasını belirlemek amacıyla, Ocak-Aralık
2007 tarihleri arasında, seçilen 4 istasyondan aylık periyotlarla örneklemeler
yapılmıştır. Horizontal çekimlerle gerçekleştirilen örneklemelerde 55 μm göz
açıklığındaki Hydrobios marka plankton kepçesi kullanılmış olup, toplanan
örnekler %4’lük formolde tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin kalitatif
değerlendirilmesi sonucunda rotiferlerden 25 takson saptanmıştır. Saptanan
rotifer türleri Adıgüzel Baraj Gölü’nden ilk kez bildirilmekte olup trofik
seviyenin belirlenmesinde kullanılan QBrachionus/Trichocerca
indeksine göre (Q = 3) baraj gölünün ötrofik olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Karagöl (Dikili-İzmir)’ün Bentik Makroomurgasız Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: TOPKARA Esat Tarık , TAŞDEMİR Ayşe , YILDIZ Seray
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmada, Karagöl (Denizköy-Dikili-İzmir)’ün
bentik makroomurgasız faunası incelenmiştir. Örneklemeler 2012-2013 yıllarında
4 mevsim yapılmıştır. Karagöl’deki araştırma sonuçlarına göre 4 Oligochaeta ve
13 Insecta taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen tüm taksonlar Karagöl için
ilk kez kaydedilmiştir.
Tarımsal Kaynaklı Nitrat Kirliliğine Karşı Suların Korunması: Kocaeli Örneği
Authors: MORKOYUNLU YÜCE Arzu , ÖZEL İlhan , AKTAŞ Murat
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışma,
tarımsal sulama amaçlı kullanılan kuyu sularındaki nitrat miktarlarının
tespiti, nitrat kirliliği riski ve olası problemler için çözüm önerilerinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla Kocaeli’nde yapılmıştır. Kuyu suyu örnekleri, Mart
2008-Eylül 2016 tarihleri arasında mevsimsel olarak 8 yıl alınmıştır. Bu
sonuçlar, Tarımsal Kaynaklı Nitrat Kirliliğine Karşı Suların Korunması Yönetmeliği kapsamında
değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada yeraltı kuyu suları nitrat miktarları; 1.
istasyonda (0.01-10.3 mg l−1), 2. istasyonda (0.01-9.3 mg l−1),
3. istasyonda (0.01-9.9 mg l−1), 4. istasyonda (0.01-8.6 mg l−1),
5. istasyonda (0.01-31.7 mg l−1) aralığında tespit edilmiştir.
Çalışmada, kuyulara ait değerlerin ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri de
sırasıyla 1.76±2.72, 2.31±3.12, 1.82±2.93, 1.65±2.65, 14.55±11,40 mg l−1
olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada, beşinci istasyon nitrat değerleri, diğer
istasyonlardan daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir. Ülkemizde yapılan nitrat
kirliliği çalışmalarında, coğrafik ve jeolojik yapı, kuyu derinliği, tarımsal
faaliyetler ve çevresel etkenlerden dolayı farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu
çalışma sonucunda, istasyonlarda nitrat kirliliği için kritik değeri (50 mg l−1) aşan örnek tespit edilmemiştir.
The cost minimizing solution of the transportation problem for the location of the building machinery yard along the road under construction
Authors: Anysz Hubert
Published: April 2018

This paper presents costs arisen from every-day transport of building machinery from the yard located by the road being constructed to the place of work. These costs are not directly associated with the income creating. The optimal choice of the place for the machinery yard can substantially lower these costs. The following two methods of finding the optimal place were proposed: based on the shortest distance and based on the lowest cost of building machinery self-transport. They were calculated for the exemplary data. Applying the method based on the lowest cost allows fi nding more than one location of machinery yard. The cost of applying more than one yard can reduce much more the costs of construction site.
Koszty zewnętrzne transportu w Polsce
Authors: Pawłowska Barbara
Published: April 2018

The development of transport sector is very closely linked to the process of socio-economic development. The interrelations between transport and economic growth are complex and there are many feedbacks. Transport has a vital role – it brings the markets closer together, increases production, activates regions around the infrastructure, enabling other sectors to function smoothly. Transport is also the source of many significant negative externalities for the environment, society and economy. It also turns out that, despite many years of experience in the study of the external effects and costs of transport, there are still large discrepancies in approaches and research methods, as well as terminology and rules for defining the concepts. The aim of this article is to review available studies on the estimation of external costs and to estimate these costs for transport in Poland using methods recommended by the European Commission. Knowledge of the cost external of transport is the basis for the internalisation of these costs and it allow to choose the most effective transport policy instruments.
Ocena toksyczności środowiska pożarowego – problem nie do rozwiązania?
Authors: Jaskółowski Waldemar
Published: April 2018

Global statistics indicate that toxic combustion products generated during fires are the most frequent cause of fatalities, i.e. 70–80% of all fatalities. It should be emphasises that this is one of the least studied fi elds of knowledge as regards fire safety engineering. Consequently the problem of assessing the fire environment toxicity is one of the most important, and perhaps even the most important aspect that requires analyses and evaluation from the fire safety viewpoint. The first part of the article presents the current state of issues mentioned above. The author discussed measurement methods of toxic products that are being generated during thermal decomposition and combustion. The second part presents a review of available solutions in this respect, which have been outlined in selected available documents, such as for example standards and publications. The contents of this paper make it clear that the mentioned issues require comprehensive changes and the adoption of new regulations in this respect both in Poland and worldwide.
On some inequalities for submanifolds of Bochner-Kaehler manifolds
Authors: Lone Mehraj , Jamali Mohammed , Shahid Mohammad
Published: April 2018

Chen established sharp inequalities between certain Riemannian invariants and
the squared norm of mean curvature for submanifolds in real space form as
well as in complex space form. In this paper we generalize Chen inequalities
for submanifolds of Bochner-Kaehler manifolds. Moreover, we study CRwarped
product submanifolds of Bochner-Kaehler manifold and establish an inequality
for the Laplacian of the warping function, from which we conclude some
obstructions to the existence of such immersions.
Minimal extremal graphs for addition of algebraic connectivity and independence number of connected graphs
Authors: Das Kinkar , Liu Muhuo
Published: April 2018

Let G = (V,E) be a simple connected graph. Denote by D(G) the diagonal
matrix of its vertex degrees and by A(G) its adjacency matrix. Then the
Laplacian matrix of graph G is L(G) = D(G)-A(G). Let a(G) and ?(G),
respectively, be the second smallest Laplacian eigenvalue and the
independence number of graph G. In this paper, we characterize the extremal
graph with second minimum value for addition of algebraic connectivity and
independence number among all connected graphs with n ? 6 vertices
(Actually, we can determine the p-th minimum value of a(G)+ ?(G) under
certain condition when p is small). Moreover, we present a lower bound to
the addition of algebraic connectivity and radius of connected graphs.
A new type of q-Szász-Mirakjan operators
Authors: Chirilă Adina
Published: April 2018

In this paper we introduce a new q-Sz?sz-Mirakjan operator based on a new
q-exponential function. We derive various formulae for the moments, prove
the uniform convergence of the sequence of operators to the identity
operator on compact intervals and show a Voronovskaja type result.
Almost sure exponential stability of the θ-Euler-Maruyama method for neutral stochastic differential equations with time-dependent delay when θ ∈ [0; 1 2]
Authors: Obradovic Maja , Milosevic Marija
Published: April 2018

This paper represents a generalization of the stability result on the
Euler-Maruyama solution, which is established in the paper M. Milosevic,
Almost sure exponential stability of solutions to highly nonlinear neutral
stochastics differential equations with time-dependent delay and
Euler-Maruyama approximation, Math. Comput. Model. 57 (2013) 887 - 899. The
main aim of this paper is to reveal the sufficient conditions for the global
almost sure asymptotic exponential stability of the ?-Euler-Maruyama
solution (? ? [0, 1/2 ]), for a class of neutral stochastic differential
equations with time-dependent delay. The existence and uniqueness of
solution of the approximate equation is proved by employing the one-sided
Lipschitz condition with respect to the both present state and delayed
arguments of the drift coefficient of the equation. The technique used in
proving the stability result required the assumption ? ?(0, 1/2], while the
method is defined by employing the parameter ? with respect to the both
drift coefficient and neutral term. Bearing in mind the difference between the
technique which will be applied in the present paper and that used in the
cited paper, the Euler-Maruyama case (? = 0) is considered separately. In
both cases, the linear growth condition on the drift coefficient is applied,
among other conditions. An example is provided to support the main result of
the paper.
Polynomial inequalities in regions with corners in theweighted Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Abdullayev Fahreddin
Published: April 2018

In this work, we investigate the order of the growth of the modulus of
orthogonal polynomials over a contour and also arbitrary algebraic
polynomials in regions with corners in a weighted Lebesgue space, where the
singularities of contour and the weight functions satisfy some condition.
Characterization of two-sided order preserving of convex majorization on lp(I)
Authors: Eshkaftaki Ali , Eftekhari Noha
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we consider an equivalence relation ~c on lp(I), which is said
to be ?convex equivalent? for p ? [1,+?) and a nonempty set I. We
characterize the structure of all bounded linear operators T : lp(I) ? lp(I)
that strongly preserve the convex equivalence relation. We prove that the
rows of the operator which preserve convex equivalent, belong to l1(I):
Also, we show that any bounded linear operators T : lp(I) ? lp(I) which
preserve convex equivalent, also preserve convex majorization.
Berezin number inequality for convex function in reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space
Authors: Yamancı Ulaş , Gürdal Mehmet , Garayev Mubariz
Published: April 2018

By using Hardy-Hilbert?s inequality, some power inequalities for the Berezin
number of a selfadjoint operators in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces
(RKHSs) with applications for convex functions are given.
Three-point fractional h-sum boundary value problems for sequential Caputo fractional h-sum-difference equations
Authors: Soontharanon Jarunee , Reunsumrit Jiraporn , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: April 2018

In this article, we study an existence and uniqueness results for a
sequential nonlinear Caputo fractional h-sum-difference equation with
three-point fractional h-sum boundary conditions, by using the Banach
contraction principle and the Schauder?s fixed point theorem. Our problem
contains different orders in three fractional difference operators and three
fractional sums. Finally, we provide an example to displays the importance
of these results.
Estimation for inverse Gaussian distribution under first-failure progressive hybird censored samples
Authors: Jia Jun-Mei , Yan Zai-Zai , Peng Xiu-Yun
Published: April 2018

In this paper, a first-failure progressive hybird censoring scheme is
introduced that combines progressive first-failure censoring and Type-I
censoring. We obtain the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) and the Bayes
estimators of the unknown parameters from the inverse Gaussian distribution
based on the first-failure progressive hybird censoring scheme. The Bayes
estimates are computed under squared error, Linex and general entropy loss
functions. The asymptotic confidence intervals and coverage probabilities for
the parameters are obtained based on the observed Fisher?s information
matrix. Also, highest posterior density credible intervals for the parameters
are computed using Gibbs sampling procedure. A Monte Carlo simulation study
is conducted in order to compare the Bayes estimators with the MLEs. Real
life data sets are provided to illustration purposes.
Approximate controllability of semilinear fractional differential systems of order 1 < q < 2 via resolvent operators
Authors: Lian Tingting , Fan Zhenbin , Li Gang
Published: April 2018

Under a compactness assumption on the resolvent, some properties on relevant
operators generated by resolvent are given. Existence results of fractional
control systems are obtained by Schauder?s fixed point theorem and
approximation techniques. Furthermore, the approximately controllable result
is acquired under the assumption that the corresponding linear system is
approximately controllable, which improves and extends some results on this
topic.