bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(FULL GUIDE) A Guide for Social Science Journal Editors on Easing into Open Science
Authors: Silverstein Priya , Elman Colin , Montoya Amanda Kay , McGillivray Barbara , Pennington Charlotte Rebecca , Harrison Chase H. , Steltenpohl Crystal Nicole , Röer Jan Philipp , Corker Katherine S. , Charron Lisa M , Elsherif Mahmoud Medhat , Malički Mario , Hayes-Harb Rachel , Grinschgl Sandra , Neal Tess M.S. , Evans Thomas Rhys , Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Krenzer William Leo Donald , Belaus Anabel , Moreau David , Burin DI , Chin Elizabeth , Plomp Esther , Mayo-Wilson Evan , Lyle Jared , Adler Jonathan M , Bottesini Julia G. , Lawson Katherine M. , Schmidt Kathleen , Reneau Kyrani , Vilhuber Lars , Waltman Ludo , Gernsbacher Morton Ann , Plonski Paul E. , Ghai Sakshi , Grant Sean , Christian Thu-Mai Lewis , Ngiam William Xiang Quan , Syed Moin
Published: May 2023

Journal editors have a large amount of power to advance open science in their respective fields by incentivising and mandating open policies and practices at their journals. The Data PASS Journal Editors Discussion Interface (JEDI, an online community for social science journal editors: www.dpjedi.org) has collated several resources on open science in journal editing (www.dpjedi.org/resources). However, it can be overwhelming as a new editor to know where to start. For this reason, we have created a guide for journal editors on how to get started with open science. The guide outlines steps that editors can take to implement open policies and practices at their journal, and goes through the what, why, how, and worries of each policy/practice.
PERAN DAKWAH DALAM MENGHASILKAN KESETARAAN GENDER
Authors: Yusraeni
Published: May 2023

Dakwah (Arab: دعوة, da‘wah; "ajakan") adalah kegiatan yang bersifat menyeru, mengajak dan memanggil manusia untuk beriman berkepada Allah sesuai dengan akidah, akhlak dan syariat islam secara sadar dan terencana. Tujuan utama dari dakwah adalah mencapai kebahagiaan di dunia dan di akhirat. konsep gender, yakni suatu sifat yang melekat pada kaum laki-laki maupun perempuan yang dikonstruksi secara sosial maupun kultural. melahirkan berbagai ketidakadilan,baik bagi kaum laki-laki dan terutama pada kaum perempuan. Ketidakadilan gender merupakan sistem dan struktur dimana baik kaum laki-laki ataupun perempuan sangat rentan menjadi korban dari sistem tersebut. dakwah, khususnya di Indoensia, yang paling berperan utama dalam hal pembacaan dan penafsiran baru terhadap ajaran agama adalah seorang ulama termasuk da’i, karena dianggap merekalah yang punya otoritas dalam perkara keagamaan. Jika seorang da’i telah memiliki seperangkat pemahaman untuk menafsirkan ajaran agama secara seorang da’i telah memiliki seperangkat pemahaman untuk menafsirkan ajaran agama secara lebih metodologis sebagaimana yang telah disebutkan di atas, maka ajaran agama yang tadinya terkesan bersifat misoginis akan menjadi lebih humanis, sehingga pesan-pesan dakwah yang disampaikan pun menjadi lebih sensitif gender. Ketidakadilan yang terjadi pada manusia, khususnya pada kaum perempuan, merupakan garapan dari aktifitas dakwah, sehingga dibutuhkan kesadaran akan sensitifas gender oleh para pelaku dakwah bagi itu secara personal maupun secara komunal. Dakwah yang sensitif genderlah yang akan menjadi membangun citra dakwah menjadi lebih baik karena telah mengaktualisasikan ajaran agama yang bersifat rahmatan lil alamin.
Dyslexia and Eye Tracking
Authors: Livia Lasse
Published: May 2023

Our model, based on Support Vector Machine binary classifier, achieves 80.18\% accuracy using the most informative features. As far as we know, this is the first time eye tracking measures have been used to automatic prediction of dyslexic readers using machinelearning.
STRATEGI DAKWAH DALAM MEMINIMALISIR BUDAYA DENGKA ASE LOLO YANG BERTENTANGAN DENGAN KAIDAH ISLAM DI DESA JULUPA’MAI KECAMATAN PALLANGGA KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Hijjah Zul
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa penyebab adanya tradisi dengka ase lolo di Desa Julupa’mai, Kecamatan Palangga, kabupaten Bulukumba. Tradisi ini sangat di hargai, di hormati dan di lestarikan oleh masyarakat desa julupa’mai. Dalam tradisi dengka ase lolo sudah dilakukan oleh nenek moyang terdahulu dan masih di laksanakan sampai sekarang. Faktor penyebab terjadinya keberlangsungan tradisi dengka ase lolo sampai sekarang adalah Tradisi ini harus dilestarikan karena ketika tradisi tersebut berlangsung, ada interaksi sosial ada hubungan sosial yang terjadi di mana banyak masyarakat atau orang terdekat yang datang untuk membantu karena tradisi ini tidak boleh dilakukan sendiri tetapi harus dilakukan secara bersama-sama (gotong royong) Untuk meminimalisir hal tersebut yaitu dengan cara melakukan pendekatan secara pribadi dengan tidak langsung menbid’ah bid’adkan tradisi tersebut, tapi melakukan pendekatan dari hati kehati untuk Kembali berpegang kepada alqur’an dan sunnah rasullah agar masyarakat dapat menerima dengan baik dan Kembali kejalan yang benar.
PERAN DAKWAH DALAM MEMINIMALISIR BUDAYA PA’LIPA PUTE KATTEONG DI KABUPATEN PINRANG
Authors: Afifah Aulia
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran dakwah dalam meminimalisir budaya pa’lipa pute katteong di Kabupaten Pinrang, sebagaimana diketahui menurut bahasa dakwah berasal dari kata da’a yang artinya memanggil, mengundang, ajakan, imbauan dan hidangan. Sedangkan secara etimologi dakwah berasal dari bahasa arab dari kata da’a-yad’u?da’watan. Kata tersebut memiliki kesamaan makna dengan an Nida’ yang artinya memanggil, mengajak, menyeru. Budaya pa’lipa pute katteong di Kabupaten Pinrang sudah sangat lama menjadi kepercayaan orang-orang. Dapat diketahui bahwa budaya pa’lipa pute memiliki ritual khusus untuk dapat meminta sesuatu di makam pa’lipa pute. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, diharapkan dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi pengetahuan baru bagi masyarakat agar tidak lagi mempercayai budaya-budaya yang mengarah kepada kemusyrikan.
Un patrimonio ferroviario ausente: caminar entre las ruinas del tranvía bogotano
Authors: Llano Fabián Andrés
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the next chapter is to highlight the heritage problem surrounding the disappearance of the Bogotá tram. An analysis was carried out on the origin and decline of this symbol of modernity in Bogota from the perspective of urban cultural history to value an absent urban railway heritage. First, the problem of objectifying an extinct cultural and industrial manifestation in urban scenic memories was addressed. Secondly, with the help of a simple application interface such as ethnoally, an ethnography was made where traces and marks of the past were collected, organized, and analyzed through a multimodal diary. The main objective of the chapter is to value an absent heritage that can be traced in the memories and oblivion associated with the Bogota tram by means of a simple pedestrian route that is characterized by the search for traces and vestiges of the extinct tram that recompose some urban scenic memories.
The Neuro-Ophthalmopathy of Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Authors: Ashrafian Hutan
Published: May 2023

I note that the famed Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler (1707-1783) suffered from a hereditary ophthalmopathy (Figure 1) whose characteristics may also correspond to Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). During his life, Euler suffered from:(i)A longstanding familial eye condition so that his ancestral surname was sometimes referred as Euler-Schölpi translated as ‘Euler-squint-eyed’ or ‘Euler-crooked-eyes’.(ii)He had sequential visual loss, first aged 31 in his right eye and then his left eye aged 59 years. Frederick the Great of Prussia called him ‘cyclops’ and just before the loss of vision in his left eye, it was diagnosed as a cataract. (iii)He had 13 children but only 5 survived into infancy, however there is no reported evidence of ophthalmopathy in his sons. As a result, although he is noted to have had an inherited ophthalmopathy, this evidence may suggest a maternal and therefore possibly mitochondrial component. Together these facts of inherited eye condition with sequential visual loss in adulthood suggest that the most likely differential could be Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). Although the 28-year difference in sequential eye loss between the right and left eye is high, there have been reports of long periods between visual loss in each eye associated with this disease. Additionally, it is reported that Euler eventually died aged 76 from brain hemorrhage. This diagnosis may have been due to cerebrovascular disease associated with Euler’s age, but may also represent the increased mortality and increased incidence of stroke (with a relative risk of 2.38 compared to unaffected family members) in LHON patients. Other differential diagnoses for hereditary sequential vision loss in the eyes includes Stargardt's Disease, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma and optic atrophy. It is interesting to note that one of the greatest mathematicians of all time suffered from an inherited mitochondrial neuropathy over a century before Theodor Leber (1840–1917) first described this condition in 1871, and reinforces Euler’s brilliance in continually demonstrating mathematical genius despite suffering from neuro-ophthalmological disease.
A Teaching Note on Strict Liability in Tort
Authors: Hunter Richard J. , Shannon John H. , Amoroso Henry J.
Published: May 2023

Before the Greenman decision in 1963, a plaintiff in a products liability case had to rely on the theories of negligence, breach of warranty, or misrepresentation or fraud for recovery. These theories were not specific to products cases and presented plaintiffs with certain formidable “obstacles.” Because of the many issues raised in applying these theories, courts began to search for a more rational theory for determining liability which would move away from judging the conduct of an actor and instead would focus on the product itself. In Part 6 of the Series on Teaching Notes, the authors focus on the theory of strict liability in tort as the now preferred method of compensating parties for injuries caused by a defective product.
Teori uang dalam ekonomi islam
Authors: Ali Nurfadilla Nur
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini dibuat untuk memenuhi tugas dari mata kuliah ekonomi makro yang memuat tentang materi yang telah disampaikan dan didiskusikan di kelas bersama dosen kami. Dalam tulisan ini memuat pengenalan singkat mengenai materi "Teori uang dalam ekonomi Islam", Penulis berharap bisa membantu pembaca dalam menambah wawasan dan penulis juga menyadari bahwa apa yang ada didalam tulisan ini masih belum memuat semua informasi yang ada tentang judul materi yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya.
Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Oleh Pendidik yang Kreatif Guna Meningkatkan Efektivitas Belajar
Authors: Afriliany Aisyah
Published: May 2023

Media yang sangat menguntungkan, mampu memberikan kebermanfaatan yang luar biasa terhadap berbagai bidang, terutama dalam dunia pendidikan. Dalam dunia pendidikan, media ini dapat disebut dengan media pembelajaran. Pemanfaatan media pembelajaran ini tidak terlepas dari peran kreatifitas dari tenaga pendidik, yaitu guru. Guru dengan kreatifitas yang tinggi akan selalu berinovasi memanfaatkan pembaruan dari zaman ke zaman, seperti media visual, media audio, media audio visual dan media berbasis internet yang sangat marak digunakan di era dewasa ini. Tujuan pemanfaatan dari media yang digunakan oleh guru berdampak langsung terhadap siswa untuk meningkatkan efektivitas belajar yang terus berkembang. Pemanfaatan media dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi dari upaya meningkatkan efektivitas belajar.
Meta-analyses of partial correlations are biased: Detection and solutions
Authors: Stanley T D , Doucouliagos Chris , Havranek Tomas
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate that all meta-analyses of partial correlations are biased, and yet hundreds of meta-analyses of partial correlation coefficients (PCC) are conducted each year widely across economics, business, education, psychology, and medical research. To address these biases, we offer a new weighted average, UWLS+3. UWLS+3 is the unrestricted weighted least squares weighted average that makes an adjustment to the degrees of freedom that are used to calculate partial correlations and, by doing so, renders trivial any remaining meta-analysis bias. Our simulations also reveal that these meta-analysis biases are small-sample biases (n < 200), and a simple correction factor of (n-2)/(n-1) greatly reduces these small-sample biases. In many applications where primary studies typically have hundreds or more observations, partial correlations can be meta-analyzed in standard ways with only negligible bias. However, in other fields in the social and the medical sciences that are dominated by small samples, these meta-analysis biases are easily avoidable by our proposed methods.
Country Differences in Nocturnal Sleep Variability: Observations from a Large-scale, Long-term Sleep Wearable Study
Authors: Willoughby Adrian , Alikhani Iman , Karsikas Mari , Chua Xin Yu , Chee Michael W.L.
Published: May 2023

Sleep duration, timing and consistency are all important for maintaining good physical health and psychological functioning. While differences in sleep duration across countries are well-known, fewer large-scale studies characterising differences in sleep variability and differences between weekday and weekend sleep have been conducted. The goal of this study was, therefore, to capitalize on the increased use of wearable technology to characterise nocturnal sleep, weekday sleep variability and changes in sleep patterns at the weekend in a large, globally diverse sample. Using data from over 50 million night’s sleep, sleep measures for ~220,000 wearable device users from 35 countries were calculated. Multiple regression was used to assess the impact country of residence had on a number of sleep measures including sleep duration, sleep variability, weekend sleep extension and social jet lag. Our results support prior findings that nocturnal sleep duration and sleep efficiency are lower in Asia than other regions. Furthermore, weekend sleep extension is longer in Europe and the USA than in Asia, and is only partially related to shorter weekday sleep duration. There are also cross-country differences in social jetlag although the regional differences are less distinct than for weekend sleep extension. Variability in weekday sleep duration also tends to be greater in Asia than other regions. Our results suggest that culture affects not only sleep duration and timing, but also how sleep is modulated over the course of the week. While sleep is influenced by many factors, we hypothesize that differing work cultures may be one contributory factor in explaining why sleep patterns differ in different countries.
Measuring object recognition ability: Reliability, validity, and the aggregate z-score approach.
Authors: Smithson Conor , Chow Jason Kah-Jun , Chang Ting-Yun , Gauthier Isabel
Published: May 2023

Measurement of domain-general object recognition ability (o) requires minimization of domain-specific variance. One approach is to model o as a latent variable explaining performance on a battery of tests which differ in task demands and stimuli; however, time and sample requirements may be prohibitive. Alternatively, an aggregate measure of o can be obtained by averaging z-scores across tests. Using data from Sunday et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151, 676–694, (2022), we demonstrated that aggregate scores from just two such object recognition tests provide a good approximation (r = .79) of factor scores calculated from a model using a much larger set of tests. Some test combinations produced correlations of up to r = .87 with factor scores. We then revised these tests to reduce testing time, and developed an odd one out task, using a unique object category on nearly every trial, to increase task and stimuli diversity. To validate our measures, 163 participants completed the object recognition tests on two occasions, one month apart. Providing the first evidence that o is stable over time, our short aggregate o measure demonstrated good test–retest reliability (r = .77). The stability of o could not be completely accounted for by intelligence, perceptual speed, and early visual ability. Structural equation modeling suggested that our tests load significantly onto the same latent variable, and revealed that as a latent variable, o is highly stable (r = .93). Aggregation is an efficient method for estimating o, allowing investigation of individual differences in object recognition ability to be more accessible in future studies.
Universality, domain-specificity, and development of psychological responses to music
Authors: Singh Manvir , Mehr Samuel A
Published: May 2023

Humans can find music happy, sad, fearful or spiritual. They can be soothed by it or urged to dance. Whether these psychological responses reflect cognitive adaptations that evolved expressly for responding to music is an ongoing topic of study. In this Review, we examine three features of music-related psychological responses that help to elucidate whether the underlying cognitive systems are specialized adaptations: universality, domain-specificity and early expression. Focusing on emotional and behavioural responses, we find evidence that the relevant psychological mechanisms are universal and arise early in development. However, the existing evidence cannot establish that these mechanisms are domain-specific. To the contrary, many findings suggest that universal psychological responses to music reflect more general properties of emotion, auditory perception and other human cognitive capacities that evolved for non-musical purposes. Cultural evolution, driven by the tinkering of musical performers, evidently crafts music to compellingly appeal to shared psychological mechanisms, resulting in both universal patterns (such as form–function associations) and culturally idiosyncratic styles.
Exposure-based cognitive-behaviour therapy for anxiety disorders in pregnancy (ADEPT): results of a feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Challacombe Fiona L , Tinch-Taylor Rose , Sabin Katherine , Potts Laura , Lawrence Vanessa , Howard Louise , Carter Ben
Published: May 2023

BackgroundExposure-based cognitive-behaviour therapies (CBT) are effective but their acceptability in pregnancy is untested, despite affecting 15% of women. Time-intensive delivery of CBT (INT-CBT) may accelerate treatment response. AimsTo test the acceptability and feasibility of a trial of INT-CBT for antenatal anxiety disordersMethodThis multi-centre parallel-group trial recruited pregnant women with anxiety disorders from maternity and mental health settings and randomised (1:1) to INT-CBT or standard weekly CBT (WCBT). Participants received 12 hours of individual therapy using remote delivery (95%). Outcomes were assessed: at baseline; during treatment at week 2 and 6, and at 1 month and 3 months postpartum (by blinded assessors), alongside a qualitative interview. Pre-specified primary feasibility outcomes were evaluated and adjusted mean difference estimated for the proposed study primary outcome.ResultsAll feasibility outcomes were met. Of 135 screened, 59 women were recruited and randomised into the trial (29 INT-CBT :30 WCBT). 93% completed treatment and 81% provided data at 3m postpartum. No adverse effects were attributable to treatment. Women randomised to INT-CBT showed a reduction in anxiety (GAD-7) after two weeks of treatment (aMD=-4.17, 95%CI -6.03 to -2.31). There were differences in late pregnancy aMD=-1.72 (95%CI -3.99, 0.56), 1-month postpartum aMD=-2.13 (95%CI -5.14, 0.89), 3-month postpartum aMD=-0.11 (95%CI -3.23, 3.00). Women described the momentum of INT-CBT as helpful to drive change.ConclusionsExposure-based therapies are acceptable to pregnant women. INT-CBT may reduce anxiety quickly and should be tested in a confirmatory trial examining longer term outcomes.
Electrophysiology reveals that intuitive physics guides visual tracking and working memory
Authors: Balaban Halely , Smith Kevin , Tenenbaum Joshua , Ullman Tomer David
Published: May 2023

Starting in early infancy, our perception and predictions are rooted in strong expectations about the behavior of everyday objects. These intuitive physics expectations have been demonstrated in numerous behavioral experiments, showing that even pre-verbal infants are surprised when something impossible happens (e.g., when objects magically appear or disappear). However, it remains unclear whether and how physical expectations shape different aspects of moment-by-moment online visual scene processing, unrelated to explicit physical reasoning. In two EEG experiments, people watched short videos like those used in behavioral studies with adults and infants, and more recently in AI benchmarks. Objects moved on a stage, and were briefly hidden behind an occluder, with the scene either unfolding as expected, or violating object permanence (adding or removing an object). We measured the contralateral delay activity, an electrophysiological marker of online processing, to examine participants' working memory (WM) representations, as well as their ability to continuously track the objects in the scene. We found that both types of object permanence violation disrupted tracking, even though violations involved perceptually non-salient events (magical vanishing) or new objects that weren't previously tracked (magical creation). Physical violations caused WM to reset, i.e., to discard the original scene representation before it could recover and represent the updated number of items. Providing a physical explanation for the violations (a hole behind the occluder) restored object tracking, and we found evidence that WM continued to represent items that disappeared 'down the hole'. Our results show how intuitive physical expectations shape online representations, and form the basis of dynamic object tracking.
An Overlooked Emergency: More than 4 in 10 U.S. Adults Are Negatively Affected by Drug Overdose Deaths
Authors: Athey Alison , Kilmer Beau , Cerel Julie
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence estimate of U.S. adults who knew someone who experienced a fatal drug overdose and how disruptive these were.Methods: Wave 14 (February-March 2023) of the online RAND American Life Panel, a longstanding nationally representative survey of 2,072 U.S. adults aged 18 and older was utilized with the addition of new questions about knowing someone who died of a drug overdose.Results: In weighted analyses, 42.4% of respondents reported knowing at least one person who died by overdose with a mean number of 2.88 for those who knew anyone who had overdosed. More than a third reported the overdose disrupted their lives to some degree.Conclusions: A large proportion of American adults have been exposed to the overdose death of someone with whom they had a personal relationship. The accelerating rate of overdose deaths have likely increased the number of people bereaved. Policy implications: It is necessary to determine intervention and support needs after overdose deaths as may have an impact on future overdoses and mental health concerns in this population.
Cultural reinforcement learning: a framework for modeling cumulative culture on a limited channel
Authors: Prystawski Ben , Arumugam Dilip , Goodman Noah D.
Published: May 2023

Humans' capacity for cumulative culture is remarkable: we can build up vast bodies of knowledge over generations. Communication, particularly via language, is a key component of this process. Previous work has described language as enabling posterior passing, where one Bayesian agent transmits a posterior distribution to the next. In practice, we cannot exactly copy our beliefs into the minds of others---we must communicate over the limited channel language provides. In this paper, we analyze cumulative culture as Bayesian reinforcement learning with communication over a rate-limited channel. We implement an agent that solves a crafting task and communicates to the next agent by approximating the optimal rate-distortion trade-off. Our model produces documented effects, such as the benefits of abstraction and selective social learning. It also suggests a new hypothesis: selective social learning can be harmful in tasks where initial exploration is required.
Protocol for a proof-of-principal study comparing engagement with a gamified versus standard affective control training app targeting emotional wellbeing in adolescents
Authors: Grunewald Karina , Andrews Jack L , Minihan Savannah , Songco Annabel , Werner-Seidler Aliza , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Fox Elaine , Goodyer Ian , Raffe William , Schweizer Susanne
Published: May 2023

IntroductionEmotion regulation is central to mental wellbeing and depends on good affective control. Training affective control has been shown to improve emotion regulation and have downstream benefits on mental health in adolescents. However, uptake and adherence to affective control training in adolescents has been low. In this study, we will explore the potential of a novel gamified affective control training program (G-AffeCT), the Social Brain Train app, to increase training adherence compared to a standard affective control training (AffeCT) program in adolescents.Methods and AnalysisIn total, 144 adolescents aged 13-16 years will train for 12 days on either the G-AffeCT or AffeCT. The G-AffeCT comprises an affective control training component: the dual n-back task. Together with typical gamification (incl. badges and points) a second cognitive interpretation bias modification (CBM-I) component was introduced as social puzzles to make the training more game-like. These puzzles include ambiguous social scenarios that participants must learn to resolve positively. The AffeCT includes only the dual n-back task. The two training groups will be compared on time spent training as well as gains in affective control, interpretation bias, emotion regulation, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Ethics and DisseminationThis study has been approved by the University of New South Wales Human Research Ethics Committee (HC230164). If the G-AffeCT successfully increases training uptake and adherence and improves affective control and emotion regulation in adolescents as predicted, future definitive trials should investigate its utility to prevent and reduce adolescent mental health problems.
Beliefs, compulsive behavior and reduced confidence in control
Authors: Rigoux Lionel , Stephan Klaas Enno , Petzschner Frederike Hermi
Published: May 2023

OCD has been conceptualized as a disorder arising from dysfunctional beliefs, such as overestimating threats or pathological doubts. Yet, how these beliefs lead to compulsions and obsessions remains unclear. Here, we develop a computational model to examine the specific beliefs that trigger and sustain compulsive behavior in a simple symptom-provoking scenario. Our results demonstrate that a single belief disturbance – a lack of confidence in the effectiveness of one’s preventive (harm-avoiding) actions – can trigger and maintain compulsions and is directly linked to compulsion severity. This distrust can further explain a number of seemingly unrelated phenomena in OCD, including the role of not-just-right feelings, the self-perpetuating nature of compulsions, the link to intolerance to uncertainty, perfectionism, and overestimation of threat, and deficits in reversal and state learning. Our simulations shed new light on which underlying beliefs drive compulsive behavior and highlight the important role of perceived ability to exert control for OCD.
Attention Mobilization as a Modulator of Listening Effort: Evidence from Pupillometry
Authors: Johns Michael Andrew , Calloway Regina , Karunathilake I. M. Dushyanthi , Decruy Lien P. , Anderson Samira , Simon Jonathan Z. , Kuchinsky Stefanie E.
Published: May 2023

Listening to speech in noise can require substantial mental effort, even among younger normal-hearing adults. The task-evoked pupil response (TEPR) has been shown to track the increased effort exerted to recognize words or sentences in increasing noise. However, few studies have examined the trajectory of listening effort across longer, more natural, stretches of speech, or the extent to which expectations about upcoming listening difficulty modulate the TEPR. Seventeen younger normal-hearing adults listened to 60-s-long audiobook passages, repeated three times in a row, at two different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) while pupil size was recorded. There was a significant interaction between SNR, repetition, and baseline pupil size on sustained listening effort. At lower baseline pupil sizes, potentially reflecting lower attention mobilization, TEPRs were more sustained in the harder SNR condition, particularly when attention mobilization remained low by the third presentation. At intermediate baseline pupil sizes, differences between conditions were largely absent, suggesting these listeners had optimally mobilized their attention for both SNRs. Lastly, at higher baseline pupil sizes, potentially reflecting over-mobilization of attention, the effect of SNR was initially reversed for the second and third presentations: participants initially appeared to disengage in the harder SNR condition, resulting in reduced TEPRs that recovered in the second half of the story. Together, these findings suggest that the unfolding of listening effort over time depends critically on the extent to which individuals have successfully mobilized their attention in anticipation of difficult listening conditions.
Visual autoethnography
Authors: Selamet Juhri
Published: May 2023

Sounds exist, coexist, and inhabit the world with us, even though we cannot see them. This project explores how sound can be visualized and what it might look like. Through autoethnography, it emphasizes Tim Ingold's concepts of correspondence and creation to deploy visual autoethnography of daily sounds. This project discusses different levels of micro, meso, and macro inquiry, focusing on the design and visual communication context as a form of visual expression, creation, and reflection.
Six Months in Exile: A New Life of Russian Emigrants
Authors: Kamalov Emil , Sergeeva Ivetta , Zavadskaya Margarita , Kostenko Veronica
Published: May 2023

The focus of this report is on Russian emigrants who left Russia after February 24, 2022. This report does not cover those who left earlier, as well as those who are still in Russia, but plan to leave. In August-early September 2022, before the announcement of the "partial" mobilization, the research project OutRush conducted a second wave of the online panel survey of emigrants from Russia who are currently in more than 60 countries all over the globe. We surveyed the respondents in March 2022 and invited new participants by posting and disseminating a link to the survey. The link was distributed through online channels, social media groups, and internet influencers. The participation of those previously surveyed allowed us to draw conclusions about the dynamics of the respondents’ movements, and changes in attitudes, plans, and expectations. Our panel data is the only opportunity today to monitor changes within the Russian emigrants’ communities who left the country after February 24. The survey data are complemented by a series of semi-structured interviews conducted in the summer of 2022 in Tbilisi.
Inoculating against Persuasion by Male Supremacy Messages: The Moderating Roles of Propaganda Form and Subtlety
Authors: West Jennifer , Hughes Brian , Jereza Rae , Dashtgard Pasha
Published: May 2023

While the general effectiveness of attitudinal inoculation in combating persuasive messaging has been accepted, little attention has been paid to the influence of form and subtlety on acceptance and emotional reactance to such inoculation messages. This study (N = 396) examines how two factors, medium and subtlety, moderate the effects of attitudinal inoculation against male supremacy propaganda. The study uses a 2 (inoculation vs. control) ✕ 2 (propaganda form: video vs. meme) ✕ 2 (propaganda subtlety: subtle vs. obvious) experimental design to evaluate participants’ perceptions of male supremacist propaganda. Results indicate that participants exposed to the inoculation message before receiving the extremist content showed decreased gratification in some cases and increased anger in others. However, in some instances, the inoculation provided no significant effects and in others the inoculation increased participants’ gratification and perception of the propaganda’s credibility. These results indicate the necessity for further testing to ensure positive outcomes before presenting inoculation messages to the public and demonstrate the depth of male supremacy propaganda in online spaces. Still, the nuances found in the two- and three-way interaction effects provide insight into the marginal differences in propaganda form and subtlety that can potentially provide more effective messaging against extremism.
Artistic Creativity in the Aspect of Cross-Cultural Communications (on the Example of the Activity of the P. I. Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine)
Authors: Tymoshenko Maksym
Published: May 2023

The article examines the processes of artistic creativity and scientific activity in the second half of the 20th - at the beginning of the 21st centuries, using the example of cross-cultural communications carried out by representatives of the P. I. Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine. These intercultural interactions contributed to the discovery of Ukrainian culture and its carriers in the eyes of other European creative and scientific communities. The participation of Academy representatives in the post-war international festival movement provided an opportunity to learn about and create platforms for researching mutual historical heritage, the latest paradoxes of composer creativity, and experimental approaches in reading opera canvases. These forms of artistic and scientific activity influenced the formation of national cultural and artistic fields: Ukrainian school of musical medievalism, powerful galaxy of sixties composers, equipped with the dynamics of the development of the festival movement already in Independent Ukraine. The typological characteristics of cross-cultural formats of artistic creativity and scientific activity are based around the personality-culture carrier (B. Lyatoshynskyi, O. Shreyer-Tkachenko, I. Karabyts, etc.), a creative or scientific collective, the communicative actions of which are aimed at intercultural interaction (projects of the Opera Studio of the National of the Academy of Music of Ukraine), educational and scientific programs aimed at communicative openness and replication of the results of the advanced artistic and scientific experience of the Academy (UNESCO chair) within the framework of European and world artistic spaces. Among the main communicative models of the development of artistic and scientific activity are the preservation and continuation of the best traditions of academic art, the search for and approval of new artistic principles of classical and modern art, the introduction of active concert-performance practices as models of improving professional skills, the enrichment of the repertoire of the Opera Studio with new international theatrical productions, realization of creative commonwealth with other cultural institutions of Ukraine and abroad. International art projects as a plane for cross-cultural interactions contribute to enriching the stylistic/species/technically expressive components of artistic creativity with an updated system of artistic values and norms, and also normalize the forms of cross-cultural interactions — from cooperation intentions, which form communication vectors, to the representation of artistic activity — projects between artists of different schools and countries.
Art in the Space of Intercultural Communications: Experience of Ukraine
Authors: Vytkalov Serhiy , Vytkalov Volodymyr
Published: May 2023

The author analyzed the state of professional activity in the artistic sphere of Ukraine. The study clarified its influence on the perception of the cultural product based on the creative and organizational and cultural characteristics of the participants of the International Festival "Musica viva Organum" (Rivne, 2020 and 2022). The commonality of approaches of musicians from different countries to understanding the role of art in a multicultural environment is proven on the basis of the conducted analysis. Attention was focused on changes in stereotypes in art education and its role in the formation of modern artists and the organization of concert life. The importance of the motivational component in the cultural and educational process has been proven. Emphasis is placed on the changes in approaches to such practices due to the state of war in Ukraine. The role of intercultural communication in today's space is revealed. The specifics of the organization of the creative and cultural process of the Ukrainian artist in the context of modern realities are described; proving the opinion that his further successful artistic activity is necessarily connected with the acquisition of a higher level of special education, the choice of which is influenced exclusively by the motivational factor. The author also substantiated the conditions for: further search for new forms of own artistic expression; use of scientific research in concert practice; wide application of the educational element in personal cultural activities; improving the perception of musical works by the general public. The expediency of applying the identified new forms of positioning of the Ukrainian musician in the modern cultural space has been proven on the example of the organizational and cultural activities of three participants-graduates of the M. Lysenko Lviv Academy of Music (O. Matselyukh, I. Kozachuk, I. Matselyukh), who participated in the traditional 3rd International Festival of Organ Music "Musica viva Organum" (Rivne, August, 2020). The need to use the best experience in the formation of artists in the leading institutions of Europe - Poland, Ukraine, Moldova - was emphasized.
Cultural Creative Perspective of Transhumanist Ideas in the Context of Modern Technologies
Authors: Horbatyuk Andrij
Published: May 2023

The latest technologies and their synthesis with visions of transhumanist ideas are considered as one of the main cultural concepts of the information society. The author managed to trace the history of the emergence of the artificial intelligence phenomenon and its influence on the formation of both new scientific foundition and technical paradigm, as well as on a whole layer of cultural phenomena that create the conditions for the emergence of a unique sociocultural and philosophical outlook, transhumanism. Moral and ethical conflicts were investigated, which push to rethink the existence of the person himself and his role in a potential transhumanist future. During the formation of the concept of artificial intelligence, many myths were created regarding its potential functioning and impact on civilization. It turns out that most myths are just a projection of human qualities onto digital computing machines. The myth-making role of mass culture in the study of artificial intelligence is determined. The importance of researching the ideas of transhumanism as a sociocultural doctrine, which focuses on expanding human potential due to the development of new technologies, including artificial intelligence, is clarified. Transhumanist ideas are described, which are increasingly equated with the views of eugenics, and the very idea of human improvement through technology is seen as an attempt to create a Nietzschean superman. The views of transhumanists were systematized, which made it possible to reach conclusions: transhumanism, first of all, revolves around the idea of improvement and development not of the future generation, but of the current one; for transhumanists, it is important not so much to create a new person as to become a new (non)person, that is, to change oneself, to become something bigger, something more perfect here and now. Transhumanism is characterized as the self-construction of a new person, in contrast to eugenics, which is the construction of a person for the benefit of the collective or for the benefit of the ruling layer. It has been proven that artificial intelligence and other modern technologies are an important marker of culture in the context of the transhumanism movement, the development of the latest technologies and their interaction with humans.
Premieres and their Promotions in Modern Art Life (on the Example of Concerto No. 2 for Cello with the Orchestra of M. Skoryk)
Authors: Zakhodyakin Arsenty
Published: May 2023

The article reveals the principle of creating a large-scale promotion on the example of the premiere of the Concerto No. 2 for cello with the orchestra by Myroslav Mykhailovych Skoryk, as well as on the basis of the activities of music producer and cellist Oleksandr Piriyev. A brief summary gives different types of promotion. New forms of information distribution have been determined thanks to the possibilities of social networks, which are used by the broad masses of consumers involved in innovative technologies, which increases the circle of influence of marketing communication in society. The principles for the successful promotion of a cultural product are formulated using examples of modern methods adopted by the latest technologies. An analysis of the term "promotion" and an explanation of the factors that make it appropriate to use this word in the field of media culture have been made. The principles of successful promotion are revealed using the example of the premiere of Concerto No. 2 for cello and orchestra and its symbol as part of the large creative project "Three S: Skoryk-Stankovich-Sylvestrov". A special aspect in the creation of a marketing brand for the concert premiere was determined. A peculiar method of interest of the recipients in the premiere of the concert, using the methods of a press release has been indicated. The personal opinion of the author regarding the use of the possibilities of the media space is defined. Methods of promotion, which are expedient to apply in the field of media culture, have been formulated. The special contribution of Oleksandr Piriyev to the "Three S" project as a music producer is noted and his activities in the field of media culture are outlined. The programs of concerts in which Concerto No. 2 for cello and orchestra were performed by various professional musical ensembles of the national level, and the places where they were held have been described. The activities of Oleksandr Piriyev in the field of music production are considered using the examples of Ukrainian musical projects ("Myroslaw Skoryk Music Days", "Three S", Kharkiv Music Fest, Mariupol Classic), where popular symphonic compositions by Myroslaw Mykhailovych were performed, as well as Concerto No. 2 for cello from orchestra.
Structural-Functional Model of Musicians Performance Reliability in Concert And Stage Activity
Authors: Yunik Dmytro
Published: May 2023

The author of the article developed a structural-functional model of performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities and displayed it in a picture in its entirety. It is quite clear that the performance reliability of the performer is not innate, but formed by a property that provides favorable psychological conditions for the dominance of stimulating types of pop excitement ("excitement-elation" and "excitement in the image") over destructive ones ("excitement-fear", " excitement-panic" and "excitement-apathy"). Such dominance is also necessary for error-free sound realization of imaginatively created variable images of musical works using coordinated reproduction of performance skills. The components of performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities are determined and described by the author in accordance with their functional orientation. The author proves that the basis of this phenomenon consists of three interdependent macro-components — preparedness of the concert program, self-regulation of concert and stage activities, and interference resistance. Microcomponents of performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities are described taking into account the studied material. The preparedness of the concert program by musicians-performers depends on the quality of the interpretive model of musical works formed in the imagination, the perfection of the musician's technical equipment, the flexible ability to memorize material, information support and the automation of performance actions, the accuracy of muscle-force movements, their temporal relationship and sensory motor coordination. The functional orientation of the micro-components of self-regulation of concert and stage activity in the performance reliability of musicians is revealed, namely: self-control, self-evaluation, self-correction, attributes of control and their models. Four vectors of interference resistance of musicians-performers in concert and stage activities are described, where the first vector ensures the avoidance of the disorganizing influence of stressors on its course, the second - its leveling, the third - sensorimotor endurance of the excessive action of strong, sudden and long-lasting stressors, and the fourth - success resisting them. It has been proven that the resistance of musicians-performers in concert and stage activities depends on their general physiological stability, psychological stability, emotional stability, emotional-volitional stability and stress resistance
Musical Time-Space of F. Schubert as a Factor of the Formation of the Executive Concept (Using the C-Moll Sonata D958 as an Example)
Authors: Berenbein Inesa
Published: May 2023

The peculiarities of F. Schubert's musical space-time are considered as a preverbal semantic system that determines the typology and content-stylistic qualities of his composer's thinking. It was outlined that the space-time phenomenon of F. Schubert belongs to the boundary type with its characteristic semantics of threshold, meeting and road. Features of the transformation of the romantic two-world with the formation of a space of timelessness on the edge of the worlds, which is manifested in the music of the so-called "Schubert Longitudes". The compositional and semantic features of F. Schubert's cyclical forms, which are related to the radical rethinking of musical time and its awareness as a staged sequence of time intervals, are understood in relation to closed states as opposed to drama at the basis of conflict genesis. It is proved that the principles of contrasting shape formation with the fixation of small time, the ambivalence of the expression, the individualization of textural layers, a certain stadia sequence of the disclosure of the sonata idea, are a special dialogic essence of F. Schubert's thinking. The features of the combination of features of the suite and sonata chronotopes in the Sonata D958, the compositional and semantic affinity of the finale of the sonata and the jig are analyzed. It was found that the baroque genre markers in the structure of the sonata cycle organically fit into the spatio-temporal characteristics of the boundary type. It was determined that the contrasting principle of stage formation, which is based on the fixation of a musical fragment, is a peculiar embodiment of the existential-romantic idea of "traveling through the worlds" and an individual stylistic constant of F. Schubert. The main trends and directions of interpretation of the c-moll sonata are clarified. The main characteristics of the performance concepts of prominent Schubertians - A. Shnabel, P. Badur-Skoda, A. Brendel, S. Richter, V. Kempf, M. Pollini, M. Yudina - are outlined. Emphasis is placed on the fundamental incompleteness of the process of decoding the semantic constants of Schubert's piano style, the semantics of its space-time, and the openness of ways to search for the most authentic concept of the performance of the c-moll sonata in the unity and interaction of the scientific-analytical and performing components of interpretation.