bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidencia de los diversos contextos socioeconómicos de la región amazónica en las características del proceso de socialización primaria con respecto a la formación integral de las infancias
Authors:   Universidad de la Amazonia, Serna Agudelo Blanca Nery , Beltrán Gustavo  Adolfo ,   Universidad de la Amazonia, Carballo Marín Katherynne ,   Universidad de la Amazonia, Giraldo Ospina Martha Viviana ,   Universidad de la Amazonia, Rodríguez González Yenny Lorena ,   Universidad de la Amazonia
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigación “Incidencia de los diversos contextos socioeconómicos de la región Amazónica en las características del proceso de socialización primaria con respecto a la formación integral de las infancias”, de la Uniamazonia en relación a los contextos familiares de las poblaciones Afrodescendientes, indígena, víctima del conflicto armado, en alto riesgo ambiental, madres cabezas de hogar y con necesidades básicas satisfechas de la región. Para este ejercicio investigativo se utilizó la técnica de investigación “observación directa” y de los instrumentos “Guía de observación” a través de las siguientes categorías: condiciones para el desarrollo físico y biológico (salud), condiciones para el desarrollo psicosocial, condiciones para el desarrollo cognitivo y contexto socioeconómico de la familia; así mismo el instrumento de caracterización para el cual se determinaron seis categorías como: a) conceptualización, b) normatividad, c) situación socioeconómica nacional, d) situación socioeconómica regional, e) condición socioeconómica de la familia y f) ubicación geográfica de la familia. La investigación fue de tipo descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. Se obtuvo como resultado la caracterización de las poblaciones y su incidencia en los procesos de socialización primaria en las infancias.
Water Absorption, Sorptivity and Permeability Properties of Concrete Containing Chemical and Mineral Admixtures
Authors: Akinkurolere O.O.
Published: May 2021

Concrete durability, especially in water-logged environments might not be possible with conventional constituents of concrete. A combination of mineral and chemical admixtures in different proportions is used to study water absorption, sorptivity, and permeability behavior of concrete. The water absorption, sorptivity, and permeability test were carried out using nine (9) trial mixes of different proportions of Calcined Clay (CC), Sawdust Ash (SDA), Crystalline Based Admixture (CBA), and Superplasticizer (SP). The results showed that treating concrete with 5% CC + 5% SDA+1% CBA combination gives optimum performance in terms of sorptivity with reduced water absorption value of 4.60%. While the permeability coefficient of concrete is reduced when CC and SDA are added to concrete mix separately, the reactivity between their combination (CC and SDA) significantly increased permeability coefficient of the concrete. The study demonstrates that production of concrete with the right proportions of admixture and pozzolanas improve the durability of concrete structures.
A Modified General Diode Equation
Authors: Chakravorty Pragnan
Published: April 2021

The general diode equation or the non-ideal
diode equation is the foundation of circuit models of active devices for the
past several decades. Apart from the effect of p-n junction, this equation also
accounts for the series bulk resistance of a diode. Despite a reasonable
agreement of the equation with measured VI characteristics, it is shown here that
the equation is incompatible with basic theories of circuits and systems.
Therefore, a modification in the equation is proposed to remove this incompatibility.
This modified equation has an excellent agreement with the measured VI characteristics.
The effect of cortical thickness and thread profile dimensions on stress and strain in bone-anchored implants for amputation prostheses
Authors: Thesleff Alexander , Ortiz-Catalan Max , Brånemark Rickard
Published: April 2021

Skeletal attachment of limb prostheses ensures load transfer between
the prosthetic leg and the skeleton. For individuals with lower limb
amputation, these loads may be of substantial magnitude. To optimize the design
of such systems, knowledge about the structural interplay between implant
design features, dimensional changes, and material properties of the implant
and the surrounding bone is needed. Here, we present the results from a parametric
finite element investigation on a generic bone-anchored implant system of screw
design, exposed to external loads corresponding to average and high ambulatory
loading. Of the investigated parameters, cortical thickness had the largest
effect on the stress and strain in the bone-anchored implant and in the
cortical bone. 36 % – 44 % reductions
in maximum longitudinal stress in the bone-anchored implant was observed as a
result of increased cortical thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm. Changes in thread depth
had larger effect on the maximum stresses in the fixture and the bone than
changes in thread root radius within the evaluated parameter space. Stress
reductions in the percutaneous abutment were obtained by autologous transplantation
of bone tissue distal to the fixture. Results from this investigation may guide
structural design optimization for bone-anchored implant systems for attachment
of limb prostheses.
A Simplified Multifractal Model for Self-Similar Traffic Flows in High-Speed Computer Networks
Authors: Millán Ginno
Published: April 2021

This paper proposes a multifractal model, with the aim of providing a possible explanation for the locality phenomenon that appears in the estimation of the Hurst exponent in stationary second order temporal series representing self-similar traffic flows in current high-speed computer networks. It is shown analytically that this phenomenon occurs if the network flow consists of several components with different Hurst exponents.
Feasibility Study on Intra-Grid Location Estimation Using Power ENF Signals
Authors: Garg Ravi , Hajj-Ahmad Adi , Wu Min
Published: April 2021

The Electric Network Frequency (ENF) is a signature of power distribution networks that can be captured by multimedia recordings made in areas where there is electrical activity. This has led to an emergence of several forensic applications based on the use of the ENF signature. Examples of such applications include estimating or verifying the time-of-recording of a media signal and inferring the power grid associated with the location in which the media signal was recorded. In this paper, we carry out a feasibility study to examine the possibility of using embedded ENF traces to pinpoint the location-of-recording of a signal within a power grid. In this study, we demonstrate that it is possible to pinpoint the location-of-recording to a certain geographical resolution using power signal recordings containing strong ENF traces. To this purpose, a high-passed version of an ENF signal is extracted and it is demonstrated that the correlation between two such signals, extracted from recordings made in different geographical locations within the same grid, decreases as the distance between the recording locations increases. We harness this property of correlation in the ENF signals to propose trilateration based localization methods, which pinpoint the unknown location of a recording while using some known recording locations as anchor locations. We also discuss the challenges that need to be overcome in order to extend this work to using ENF traces in noisier audio/video recordings for such fine localization purposes.
A depressão e o risco de suicídio na enfermagem
Authors: Araújo Janaína Sales Barbosa , Barbosa Marlene Rocha , Nogueira Marcia Silva
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a depressão e o risco de suicídio entre os profissionais da Enfermagem segundo a literatura científica. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas: Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e National Library of Medicine, via Pubmed, buscando artigos publicados entre 2010 a 2020. Resultados: Dentre os fatores desencadeantes para a depressão nos profissionais da enfermagem estão: conflitos no trabalho, de interesse e familiar, plantões noturnos, estresse, sobrecarga, relação interpessoal, baixa perspectiva profissional. Já os fatores desencadeantes para o suicídio estão: depressão, Burnout, baixa relação pessoa, uso de medicamentos e ansiedade. Conclusão: É um problema de saúde pública, em que afeta um grande número de profissionais da enfermagem, sendo mais comum nos técnicos de enfermagem. É preciso que haja criação de políticas públicas para que esse profissional seja atendido semanalmente por psicólogos e rodas de conversas. Desse modo, é de suma importância a detecção precoce de sintomas depressivos e ideação suicida.
Descritores: Depressão; Suícidio; Enfermagem; Depressão entre enfermeiros; Suícidio entre enfermeiros.
Improved Model for Indoor Propagation Loss in the 5G FR2 Frequency Band
Authors: Makara Árpád László , Csurgai-Horváth László
Published: April 2021

One of the latest developments today is the 5G, or 5th generation mobile network. In addition to a number of innovations, the new system also includes millimeter-wavelength frequency ranges denoted with FR2, that formerly not applied for these specific purposes. Proper management of the transmitter and receiver antenna beams is required for efficient communication in this frequency range. For future use, the simplest implementation way is electronically shaping the antenna beams by an algorithm to orient the antennas in the best possible direction. The prerequisites for these algorithms are appropriate propagation models, which are currently lacking, and those that publicly available are not accurate enough for practical use.
No Voice, No Exit, But Loyalty? Puerto Rico and Constitutional Obligation
Authors: Charles Guy-Uriel , Fuentes-Rohwer Luis
Published: May 2021

The Michigan Law Review is honored to have supported Professors Charles and Fuentes-Rohwer's Essay on the subjugated status of Puerto Rico as an "unincorporated territory." This Essay contextualizes Puerto Rico not as an anomalous colonial vestige but as fundamentally a part of the United States' ongoing commitment to racial economic domination. We are thrilled to highlight this work, which indicts our constitutional complacence with the second-class status of Puerto Rican citizens and demands a national commitment to self-determination for Puerto Rico.
Toward a Race-Conscious Critique of Mental Health-Related Exclusionary Immigration Laws
Authors: Kashyap Monika
Published: May 2021

This Article employs the emergent analytical framework of Dis/ability Critical Race Theory (DisCrit) to offer a race-conscious critique of a set of immigration laws that have been left out of the story of race-based immigrant exclusion in the United States—namely, the laws that exclude immigrants based on mental health-related grounds. By centering the influence of the white supremacist, racist,and ableist ideologies of the eugenics movement in shaping mental health-related exclusionary immigration laws, this Article locates the roots of these restrictive laws in the desire to protect the purity and homogeneity of the white Anglo- Saxon race against the threat of racially inferior, undesirable, and unassimilable immigrants. Moreover, by using a DisCrit framework to critique today’s mental health-related exclusionary law, INA § 212(a)(1)(A)(iii), this Article reveals how this law carries forward the white supremacist, racist, and ableist ideologies of eugenics into the present in order to shape ideas of citizenship and belonging. The ultimate goal of the Article is to broaden the conceptualization of race-based immigrant exclusion to encompass mental health-related immigrant exclusion, while demonstrating the utility of DisCrit as an exploratory analytical tool to examine the intersections of race and disability within immigration law.
Main activities of Nariman Narimanov
Authors:   AMEA Fəlsəfə və Sosiologiya İnstitutu fəlsəfə elmləri doktoru, professor, Ayvaz oğlu Əhmədli Rafail , Musa oğlu Quliyev Elxan ,   AMEA Fəlsəfə və Sosiologiya İnstitutu kiçik elmi işçi
Published: May 2021

The article examines the aggravation of the struggle between political and ideological trends in Azerbaijan at the beginning of the twentieth century, the separation of the liberal national bourgeoisie, representing the ideology of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic from the radical Marxist-Bolsheviks in relation to private property and the state system, and the subsequent processes associated with the development of events. At the same time, the article highlights the social and literary worldview of N.Narimanov, analyzes his political and ideological, revolutionary activities, and draws a general picture of the period of real power of N.Narimanov. Key words: The beginning of the twentieth century, political and ideological trends, the Bolsheviks, the social and literary worldview of N. Narimanov, political and ideological, revolutionary activities
Development of the Sheraton hotel chainDevelopment of the Sheraton hotel chain
Authors:   Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti magistrant, Elman oğlu Bağırov Mehdi
Published: May 2021

The distribution of the world's hotel chains to more and more countries is also reflected in our country, and the development of this type of chain hotels is growing day by day. Along with the development of technology, the tourism infrastructure and its key element, the hotel industry, is also developing. Today, investments are being made in a planned way to modernize the hotel business, build new hotels, and introduce new technologies and forms of service. Sheraton Hotels and Resorts is an international hotel chain owned by Marriott International. Sheraton has 446 hotels with 155,617 rooms worldwide, including locations in North America, Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean. Key words: hotel chains, investment, technology, hotel business, tourism infrastructure
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION IN THE LEGISLATION OF THE MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Baku State University master, AjdarAskarov Elkhan
Published: May 2021

Testamentary succession occupies an important place in the field of Succession law in the civil legislation of the European Union. According to the testamentary succession physical person can give by a will his (her) property or its part to one or more persons among his (her) heirs or to one or more persons who are not among his (her) heirs. The article reflects the concept, sequence, legal basis and place in judicial practice of testamentary succession. Key words: testamentary succession, succession law, civil code, legislation, comparative analysis
EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC CHANGES OF CONSUMERS' ONLINE REVIEWS FROM THE ELABORATION LIKELIHOOD MODEL METHOD
Authors:   School of Business, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology doctor, lecturer, Yang Kai , Malikov Mahammad ,   MBA from Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology master
Published: May 2021

One of the essential models that explain the concept of persuasion is the Elaboration Probability Model, which argues that there are two processes in the persuasion process, namely central and environmental persuasion. İt is thought that the article, including a detailed explanation of the model and information about the model, filled a gap in this regard. The research findings show that the model is mainly used in marketing and advertising studies. In terms of the level of affecting the probability of elaboration, the feature subject to the most significant number of studies is interesting. It was revealed that the factors involved in the elaboration process and whose effect has been handled the most in the number of studies are the power of assertion and the source credibility. The review provides valuable information in terms of allowing the model's use and the variables in the model to be seen as a holistic example in Amazon. Key words: ELM method, Amazon, main factors, reviews
American Reality in Washington Irving's “The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow” and “Rip
Authors:   Azərbaycan Universiteti filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent, Çingiz qızı Əliyeva Ülviyyə , Pərviz qızı Kazımzadə Leyla ,   magistrant
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes Washington Irving's two most popular novels in American literature, "Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle." The main issue is the issue of identity in this period of history. The author of these short stories answers everyone who asks about the American people's quest for freedom and what it means to be an American. These novels are a source of inspiration for Americans to build their own culture. Key words: novella, Revolutionary war, colonialism, spirit, personality
Marriage of the Disciplines of Literature and Geography (GIS): Analysing the Location and Function of Mountains in Selected Works of Asian Literature
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Haji A. Hamid Rahimah , Masron Tarmiji
Published: May 2021

Mountains and hills (hereinafter referred to as mountains) are a special part of God’s creation. In addition to being mentioned in the Qur’an as being “bolts” of the Earth and water catchment areas, mountains are seen in a variety of religious and cultural traditions as being sacred and special places. There are thus many Asian literary works that boast of mountains existing in their locations. This paper seeks to examine why mountains are such an important element in the life of society by examining them in terms of their location and function. This study will use spatial information technologies such as Geographic Information System (GIS) to aid understanding of literary works, namely by taking the views of Harvey (1973) that “geographical space has a close relationship with the culture of a place”. Thus the location of an area will be linked to its function in terms of cultural space, social space, economic space, ideological space, and space movement. In this article, GIS will be used to map the location mountains that play a role in literary works to try to see the elements of space and the location of the mountain together with the cultural and narrative elements of the work. Among the literary works selected in which the location and function of these mountains will be observed are Sejarah Melayu (The Malay Annals), Hikayat Hang Tuah , Hikayat Seri Kelantan , Hikayat Seri Rama (Nusantara), Syakuntala (India), and Dewi Putih , as well as Liang Shan-Bo and Zhu Ying-Tai (China). Based on these works, it is found that mountains are important because they serve several functions such as the residence of rulers or spirits (ghosts, spirits, fairies); as a sacred place inhabited by the gods; as the source of the inheritance of kings; as places of study or for seeking spiritual and physical knowledge; as well as places that are rich in medicinal herbs. In the end, this essay shows that the nature of the mountains studied may explain the link between location and the culture of a certain race. Keywords : Geographic Information System, Sejarah Melayu , Global Positioning System, spirit, Asian Literature
Crânes bavards
Authors: Balzeau Antoine
Published: May 2021

Une étude récente prétend qu’il existe un lien entre le développement de langage humain et l’évolution de la forme du crâne humain. Antoine Balzeau la critique.
Galileo’s Other Challenge
Authors: Hoji Hajime
Published: May 2021

Detection of the effects of LF c-command precisely in accordance with prior predictions means that it is possible to put hypotheses about the language faculty to a rigorous empirical test.
Immunology of biodegradable nanoparticles: a brief overview on a wide growing field
Authors: Pisani Anissa , Bardi Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

Immunity is continuously evolving by evolutionary mechanisms shaped by pathogenic stimuli of different kinds. Man-made nanomaterials (NMs) have been developed in the last decades and represent a novel challenge for our immune system, especially when applied to medical science. Toxicological studies of such nanoparticles (NPs) revealed that size, shape, and surface chemistry are key parameters to understand their noxious effects on cellular mechanisms. Less is known on the immune reactions to NMs since prolonged exposure data are not so detailed as the results for acute administration. The importance of immunity to biocompatible NPs is underlined by their increasing use as drug or gene delivery carriers in common pharmaceutical preparations and vaccines. In the latter case, the immunomodulatory properties of NMs allow their use also as efficient adjuvants to enhance the innate immune response. In the current manuscript, the authors discuss the main concepts in this fast-growing field by restricting our view to NMs with consolidated application in biomedicine.
Nanomedicine in cancer therapy: promises and hurdles of polymeric nanoparticles
Authors: Paus Carmen , van der Voort Robbert , Cambi Alessandra
Published: April 2021

The limitations of current cancer treatments have stimulated the application of nanotechnology to develop more effective and safer cancer therapies. Remarkable progress has been made in the development of nanomedicine to overcome issues associated with conventional cancer treatment, including low drug solubility, insufficient targeting, and drug resistance. The modulation of nanoparticles allows the improvement of drug pharmacokinetics, leading to improved targeting and reduced side effects. In addition, nanoparticles can be conjugated to ligands that specifically target cancer cells. Furthermore, strategies that exploit tumor characteristics to locally trigger drug release have shown to increase targeted drug delivery. However, although some clinical successes have been achieved, most nanomedicines fail to reach the clinic. Factors that hinder clinical translation vary from the complexity of design, incomplete understanding of biological mechanisms, and high demands during the manufacturing process. Clinical translation might be improved by combining knowledge from different disciplines such as cell biology, chemistry, and tumor pathophysiology. An increased understanding on how nanoparticle modifications affect biological systems is pivotal to improve design, eventually aiding development of more effective nanomedicines. This review summarizes the key successes that have been made in nanomedicine, including improved drug delivery and release by polymeric nanoparticles as well as the introduction of strategies that overcome drug resistance. In addition, the application of nanomedicine in immunotherapy is discussed, and several remaining challenges addressed.
Understanding doxorubicin associated calcium remodeling during triple-negative breast cancer treatment: an in silico study
Authors: Arora Garhima , Ghosh Sumana , Chatterjee Samrat
Published: April 2021

Aim: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer with high heterogeneity, rapid progression, and paucity of treatment options. The most effective chemotherapeutic drug used to treat TNBC is doxorubicin (Doxo) which is an anthracycline antibiotic. However, Doxo treatment alters cytosolic calcium dynamics leading to drug-resistance condition. The aim of this study is to capture the alterations in the activity of various calcium channels and pumps during Doxo treatment and their consequences on cytosolic calcium dynamics that ultimately result in drug resistance.
Methods: In the present study, a mathematical model is proposed to capture the complex dynamical landscape of intracellular calcium during Doxo treatment. This study provides an insight into Doxo remodeling of calcium dynamics and associated drug-resistance effect. The model was first analyzed analytically and then explored through numerical simulation using techniques like global sensitivity analysis, parameter recalibration, etc.
Results: The model is used to predict the potential combination therapy for Doxo that can overcome Doxo associated drug resistance. The results show targeting the dysregulated Ca2+ channels and pumps might provide efficient chemotherapy in TNBC. It was also observed that the indispensability of calcium influx rate is paramount in the Doxo drug resistance. Finally, three drugs were identified from existing literature that could be used as a combination therapy along with Doxo.
Conclusions: The investigation highlights the importance of integrating the calcium signaling of various calcium regulating compounds for their effective anti-tumor effects deliverance along with chemotherapeutic agents. The results from this study might provide a new direction to the experimental biologists to explore different combination therapies with Doxo to enhance its anti-tumor effect.
STABILITY OF NONLINEAR FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IN THE FRAME OF ATANGANA-BALEANU OPERATOR
Authors: George Maria Selvam A. , Britto Jacob S.
Published: May 2021

Theory of fractional calculus with singular and non-singular kernels is pioneering and has garnered significant interest recently. Fair amount of literature on the qualitative properties of fractional differential and integral equations involving different types of operators is available. This manuscript aims to analyze the stability of a class of nonlinear fractional differential equation in terms of Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo operator. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions are obtained by employing classical fixed point theorems and Banach contraction principle. Also adequate conditions for Hyers-Ulam stability are established. To substantiate our analytic results, an example is provided with numerical simulation.
Encouraging Musical Creativity in Montenegrin Primary Education – A Case Study
Authors: Martinovic Bogojevic Jelena
Published: April 2021

The need to change the paradigm of music education, which primarily relies on performing and listening to music, implies a more systematic introduction of activities that would enable the direct involvement of children in the exploration of sounds and the creation of their own music. By analysing the curricula and textbooks for music education in Montenegrin primary schools, as well as examining the attitudes of teachers about the realisation of musical creativity in teaching practice, it was found that these activities are not given enough attention. In order to introduce innovations in practice, an action research study was conducted, during 2017/2018 school year with 30 fifth grade pupils in one primary school, belonging to the Southern region of Montenegro. The obtained results, based on the qualitative findings, showed the connection between the categories that make up musical creativity in the classroom: acquiring musical knowledge, developing musical skills, encouraging problem solving, developing critical thinking, supporting collaborative creativity, motivation and integrative teaching. Hopefully, the conducted research will contribute to a wide range of understanding of musical creativity in the classroom context, as one of the leading topics of contemporary music pedagogy.
Influence of high-molecular hyaluronic acid on MCF-7 breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Zamulaeva Irina , Мария Абрамова  , Matchuk Ol`ga , Lipunov Nikita , Mkrtchyan Liana , Krikunova Lyudmila
Published: April 2021

In recent years, more and more data have been accumulating on the high radio- and chemo-resistance of tumor stem cells (CSCs), confirming the assumption that these cells play an important role in the recurrence of the tumor process in some cancer patients. Therefore  it is of considerable interest to elucidate the patterns and mechanisms of the formation of the CSC pool under the influence of various factors, including one of the main components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid (HA).
The purpose of the study was to elucidate the effects of HA with a molecular weight of (1-3) x 106 Dа on the amount of CSCs in MCF-7 breast cancer cell culture in vitro.
Material and methods. Using the MTT test, the viability of MCF-7 cancer cells was determined after incubation with HA at a concentration of 0.3-5.0 mg/ml. Using flow cytometry, we evaluated the change in the relative and absolute amount of CSCs under the influence of HA (0.6 mg/ml). CSCs were detected by CD44+CD24-/low immunophenotype, as well as by their ability to efficiently efflux Hoechst 33342 fluorescent dye from cells and form so-called side population (SP).
Results. Viability of cancer cells in the general population decreased with increasing concentration of HA (R=-0.94, p=0.006). At the same time the incubation of cells with HA led to an increase in both the relative and absolute amounts of CSCs (SP) compared with the control.
Thus, the relative number of SP cells increased by 2.0 times (p = 0.002), CD44 + CD24- / low cells - by 6.1 times (p = 0.005). The absolute number of these cells changed to a lesser extent compared to the control: the increase was 1.6 (p = 0.004) and 2.9 times (p = 0.02), respectively.
 Conclusion. Thus, the effect of high-molecular weight HA on breast cancer cells of MCF-7 line leads to an increase in amount of CSCs, while the viability of non-stem cancer cells decreases under the same conditions.
Tetrapod tracks deeply set in unsuitable substrates: Recent musk oxen in fluid earth (East Greenland) and Pleistocene caprines in aeolian sand (Mallorca)
Authors: Bromley R. G.
Published: April 2021

A plea is made for greater attention to be paid to the ugly traces produced by tetrapods in excessively soft sediments. These rather formless structures are difficult to describe, but they have the potential for providing much information on depositional environments. Two examples are given. (1) The death-march of a musk ox (Ovibos moscatus) that blundered into soil liquified by solifluction in Jameson Land, East Greenland; and (2) Pleistocene trackways made by the extinct ruminant goat Myotragus balearicus in aeolianites on Mallorca, Balearic Islands. Ichnological evidence shows both to be examples of animals struggling through unsuitable, hazardous substrates. Parallels are drawn with escape structures made by buried invertebrate trace-makers.
Processing of Task-Irrelevant Race Information is Associated with Diminished Cognitive Control in Black and White Individuals
Authors: Rubien-Thomas Estée , Berrian Nia , Cervera Alessandra , Nardos Binyam , Cohen Alexandra O. , Lowrey Ariel , Daumeyer Natalie M. , Camp Nicholas P. , Hughes Brent L. , Eberhardt Jennifer L. , Taylor-Thompson Kim A. , Fair Damien A. , Richeson Jennifer A. , Casey B. J.
Published: May 2021

The race of an individual is a salient physical feature that is rapidly processed by the brain and can bias our perceptions of others. How the race of others explicitly impacts our actions toward them during intergroup contexts is not well understood. In the current study, we examined how task-irrelevant race information influences cognitive control in a go/no-go task in a community sample of Black (n = 54) and White (n = 51) participants. We examined the neural correlates of behavioral effects using functional magnetic resonance imaging and explored the influence of implicit racial attitudes on brain-behavior associations. Both Black and White participants showed more cognitive control failures, as indexed by dprime, to Black versus White faces, despite the irrelevance of race to the task demands. This behavioral pattern was paralleled by greater activity to Black faces in the fusiform face area, implicated in processing face and in-group information, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex, associated with resolving stimulus-response conflict. Exploratory brain-behavior associations suggest different patterns in Black and White individuals. Black participants exhibited a negative association between fusiform activity and response time during impulsive errors to Black faces, whereas White participants showed a positive association between lateral OFC activity and cognitive control performance to Black faces when accounting for implicit racial associations. Together our findings propose that attention to race information is associated with diminished cognitive control that may be driven by different mechanisms for Black and White individuals.
Stereoselective synthesis and transformation of pinane-based 2-amino-1,3-diols
Authors: Bajtel Ákos , Raji Mounir , Haukka Matti , Fülöp Ferenc , Szakonyi Zsolt
Published: May 2021

A library of pinane-based 2-amino-1,3-diols was synthesised in a stereoselective manner. Isopinocarveol prepared from (−)-α-pinene was converted into condensed oxazolidin-2-one in two steps by carbamate formation followed by a stereoselective aminohydroxylation process. The relative stereochemistry of the pinane-fused oxazolidin-2-one was determined by 2D NMR and X-ray spectroscopic techniques. The regioisomeric spiro-oxazolidin-2-one was prepared in a similar way starting from the commercially available (1R)-(−)-myrtenol (10). The reduction or alkaline hydrolysis of the oxazolidines, followed by reductive alkylation resulted in primary and secondary 2-amino-1,3-diols, which underwent a regioselective ring closure with formaldehyde or benzaldehyde delivering pinane-condensed oxazolidines. During the preparation of 2-phenyliminooxazolidine, an interesting ring–ring tautomerism was observed in CDCl3.
A review of modern materials used in military camouflage within the radar frequency range
Authors: Szczodrowska Bogusława , Mazurczuk Robert
Published: April 2021

The article presents an overview of materials which can be employed used to camouflage objects on the modern battlefield in the radar frequency range.
BIOMASSA MICROBIANA E CARBONO ORGÂNICO DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES MANEJOS E SUCESSÃO DE CULTURAS
Authors: Siqueira Marcos Gomes de , Fiorelli Elaine Cosma , Santos Weverton Peroni , Machado Caio Bastos , Santos Weliton Peroni , Vieira Aline Silva , Souza Sirlene Pereira de , Schlindwein Jairo André
Published: May 2021

O manejo inadequado dos solos tem contribuído para o processo de degradação de sua matéria orgânica, causando desequilíbrio nas propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biomassa microbiana e carbono orgânico do solo sob diferentes manejos e sucessão de culturas em duas profundidades e ano de amostragem. Métodos: O trabalho foi realizado considerando duas safras, 2010/2011 e 2015/2016, na Universidade Federal de Rondônia, em Rolim de Moura, RO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 4x4x2x2, com 3 repetições. Os tratamentos utilizados do primeiro fator foram, métodos de preparo do solo: PRT (preparo tradicional), PRA (preparo alternativo), PDA (plantio direto alternativo) e PDC (plantio direto contínuo); segundo fator: seqüência de culturas: S/F (soja/feijão), M/F (milho/feijão), S/M (soja/milho) e M/M (milho/milho); terceiro fator: profundidade de solo amostrado (0-10 cm e 10-20 cm) e o quarto fator: representou o ano de coleta do solo (fevereiro de 2011 e maio de 2016). Resultados: Na avaliação do manejo para mensurar os impactos sobre Carbono da Biomassa Microbiana (CBM) e Carbono orgânico do Solo (COS), os manejos com menor revolvimento foram os que apresentaram os maiores valores de CBM e COS. As sucessões com a presença da cultura do milho no manejo PDC promovem maior acúmulo de CBM em relação ao preparo convencional PRT.Conclusão: O Manejo PDC apresentou maior teor de CBM e COS em relação ao PRT para ambos os anos de amostragem. Maior valor de CBM é obtido na profundidade 10-20 cm. As sucessões proporcionaram aumento nos valores de COS no ano de 2016.
PARÂMETROS FISIOLÓGICOS E DE CRESCIMENTO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR SOB IRRIGAÇÃO PARCIAL E PLENA, SUBMETIDA A DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE SALINIDADE
Authors: Gomes Junior Francisco de Assis , Willadino Lilia Gomes , Santos Marlei Rosa dos , Moura Clarice Souza , Pereira Bruno Laercio da Silva
Published: May 2021

Água de qualidade e em quantidade suficiente é um bem cada vez mais escasso. O semiárido Brasileiro apresenta limitações ambientais em seu território como altas temperaturas, salinização do solo, da água, baixa pluviosidade associada a uma grande demanda evaporativa. Métodos e técnicas de manejo do uso e eficiência da água na agricultura é de grande importância para manutenção de alta produtividade e proteção dos recursos naturais. Nesse contexto o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da irrigação plena e parcial do sistema radicular na eficiência do uso da água, e paralelamente compreender os mecanismos bioquímicos de aclimatação ao estresse combinado (hídrico e salino) em cana-de-açúcar. Mudas de cana-de-açúcar procedentes do cultivo in vitro foram aclimatizadas durante 15 dias e em seguida submetidas a três níveis de irrigação: plantas mantidas com 100% da capacidade de pote sob molhamento fixo (T1-100CP-MF); plantas mantidas com 50% da capacidade de pote sob molhamento fixo (T2-50%-MF); e plantas submetidas a 50% da capacidade de pote com molhamento alternado entre os dois lados do pote (T3-50%-MA). A alternância do lado irrigado foi de quatro dias. Foi utilizado quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação: 0,3 ds m-1 (B1), 3,3 ds m-1 (B2), 6,3, ds m-1 (B3), 9,3 ds m-1 (B4). A produção de fitomassa da cana-de-açúcar teve redução superior a 45% no estresse moderado, quando comparado à irrigação plena. Sob condição de estresse salino as principais variáveis fisiológicas afetadas negativamente foram o teor relativo de água e potencial hídrico. No entanto plantas sob irrigação alternada demonstraram maior capacidade de ativação de mecanismos de defesa para manutenção do potencial hídrico foliar adequado em condições de salinidade elevada.
BANCO DE SEMENTES DE PLANTAS DANINHAS EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS
Authors: Lemes Leilisâgela , Araújo Ana Caroline , Trogello Emerson , REIS José Carlos Caetano , SILVA Bruna Borges
Published: May 2021

O trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e estimar os níveis de densidade populacional das espécies de plantas daninhas em quatro áreas distintas, área I (Grãos), área II (Eucalipto), área III (iLPF), área IV (Pastagem), nas profundidades (0-2,5; 2,5-5; 5-10; 10-20; 20-40 cm), posteriormente foram distribuídas em bandejas plásticas e alocadas em casa de vegetação. Por meio da metodologia da germinação, identificou-se e quantificou as espécies a cada 21 dias, durante 90 dias. A medida que a profundidade foi aumentando a quantidade de sementes presentes naquela amostra de solo diminuiu. Durante a tabulação dos dados espécies apresentaram níveis de densidade populacional insignificante, porém, não deixou de ser um dado, pois os prejuízos causados pelas daninhas são influídos tanto pela densidade quanto pela habilidade de sobrevivência de cada uma. Identificou-se 18 espécies de plantas daninhas distribuídas em 17 gêneros e 11 famílias. A família com mais representante foi a Poaceae(212).
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION SECTOR: A CASE STUDY FROM MIZORAM, INDIA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Geography & RM, Mizoram University, Aizawl, INDIA, Biswas Brototi , Rahaman Aneesah ,   Research Scholar, Department of Geography , University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: May 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 has drastically disrupted the socio-economic fabric of human society. Not a single sector has been left unscathed from its impact. The education sector has been severely impacted by the same, though the significance level is not the same throughout India. Varied nature of repercussion from the educational sector has been reported based on several factors. Based on the primary survey, the present research paper is an attempt to empirically understand the level of influence of COVID -19 on the academic sector of a part of Mizoram state of India. The survey encompasses both the student (100 respondents) and teacher fraternity (100 respondents) of HS school level, Colleges, technical colleges, and the Central University of Mizoram. Through its statistical analysis, the study finds out the effects of COVID-19 in the education sector and finds out the adaptive strategic measures to deal with this problem in the study area., five hypotheses have been taken, and data has been analyzed on SPSS software (V.22) to fulfill the objective. This study's results reveal that the pandemic has severely hit the academic sector due to the lack of proficiency in online teaching mode due to the technological and infrastructural lacuna in remote mountainous locations. However, the study also empirically proves that the pandemic has raised technological awareness levels among various levels of the academic sector, and with proper technological planning in the study area, the region and similar remote locations can access quality education through online-distant mode.
A Low-mass Cold and Quiescent Core Population in a Massive Star Protocluster
Authors: Li Shanghuo , Lu Xing , Zhang Qizhou , Lee Chang Won , Sanhueza Patricio , Beuther Henrik , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun, , Qiu Keping , Palau Aina , Feng Siyi , Pillai Thushara , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Hong-Li , Girart Josep Miquel. , Liu Tie , Wang Junzhi , Wang Ke , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Smith Howard A. , Li Di , Lee Jeong-Eun , Li Fei , Li Juan , Kim Shinyoung , Yue Nannan , Strom Shaye
Published: April 2021

Pre-stellar cores represent the initial conditions of star formation. Although these initial conditions in nearby low-mass star-forming regions have been investigated in detail, such initial conditions remain vastly unexplored for massive star-forming regions. We report the detection of a cluster of low-mass starless and pre-stellar core candidates in a massive star protocluster-forming cloud, NGC 6334S. With the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at a ∼0.02 pc spatial resolution, we identified 17 low-mass starless core candidates that do not show any evidence of protostellar activity. These candidates present small velocity dispersions, high fractional abundances of NH2D, high NH3 deuterium fractionations, and are completely dark in the infrared wavelengths from 3.6 up to 70 μm. Turbulence is significantly dissipated and the gas kinematics are dominated by thermal motions toward these candidates. Nine out of the 17 cores are gravitationally bound, and therefore are identified as pre-stellar core candidates. The embedded cores of NGC 6334S show a wide diversity in masses and evolutionary stages.
Thiols in the Interstellar Medium: First Detection of HC(O)SH and Confirmation of C2H5SH
Authors: Rodríguez-Almeida Lucas F. , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Rivilla Víctor M. , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Zeng Shaoshan , Tercero Belén , de Vicente Pablo , Colzi Laura , Rico-Villas Fernando , Martín Sergio , Requena-Torres Miguel A.
Published: April 2021

The chemical compounds carrying the thiol group (-SH) have been considered essential in recent prebiotic studies regarding the polymerization of amino acids. We have searched for this kind of compound toward the Galactic Center quiescent cloud G+0.693–0.027. We report the first detection in the interstellar space of the trans-isomer of monothioformic acid (t-HC(O)SH) with an abundance of ∼1 × 10−10. Additionally, we provide a solid confirmation of the gauche isomer of ethyl mercaptan (g-C2H5SH) with an abundance of ∼3 × 10−10, and we also detect methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) with an abundance of ∼5 × 10−9. Abundance ratios were calculated for the three SH-bearing species and their OH analogs, revealing similar trends between alcohols and thiols with increasing complexity. Possible chemical routes for the interstellar synthesis of t-HC(O)SH, CH3SH, and C2H5SH are discussed, as well as the relevance of these compounds in the synthesis of prebiotic proteins in the primitive Earth.
Dione’s Wispy Terrain: A Cryovolcanic Story?
Authors: Dalle Ore Cristina M. , Long Christopher J. , Nichols-Fleming Fiona , Scipioni Francesca , Rivera Valentín Edgard G. , Lopez Oquendo Andy J. , Cruikshank Dale P.
Published: April 2021

We examine the H2O ice phase on the surface of Dione, one of Saturn’s icy satellites, to investigate whether it might harbor cryovolcanic activity induced by a subcrustal body of water. Several studies have searched for such a signature, as summarized in Buratti et al.; however, none has yet produced sufficient evidence to dissipate doubts. In the radiation environment characteristic of Saturn’s icy moons, the presence of crystalline H2O ice has been used as a marker of a high-temperature region. Because ion bombardment will, over time, drive crystalline ice toward an increasingly amorphous state, the current phase of the H2O ice can be used to gauge the temporal temperature evolution of the surface. We adopt a technique described by Dalle Ore et al. to map the fraction of amorphous to crystalline H2O ice on Dione’s surface, observed by the Cassini Visible and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer, and provide an ice exposure age. We focus on a region observed at high spatial resolution and centered on one of the faults of the Wispy Terrain, which is measured to be fully crystalline. By assuming an amorphous to crystalline ice fraction of 5% (i.e., 95% crystallinity), significantly higher than the actual measurement, we obtain an upper limit for the age of the fault of 152 Ma. This implies that the studied fault has been active in the last ∼100 Ma, supporting the hypothesis that Dione might still be active or was active a very short time ago, and similarly to Enceladus, might still be harboring a body of liquid water under its crust.
Les promesses des monnaies locales
Authors: Milanesi Julien , Nicolini Lilian
Published: April 2021

Si elles sont désormais près d’une centaine en France et en progression à travers le monde, les monnaies locales complémentaires n’ont pas encore fait la preuve de leur capacité à transformer le système financier et les économies locales. Pour l’heure, leur intérêt réside surtout dans leur pouvoir de transformation des imaginaires monétaires. Des propositions sont toutefois avancées pour leur permettre de changer d’échelle, comme le rôle qu’elles pourraient jouer dans l’attribution des crédits.
Karaté moi ce monde de brut ! Une aventure humaine de jeunes, de familles et d’éducs…
Authors: Pannecocke Laetitia , Ounane Aïssa , Khatabi Farouk
Published: April 2021

Ce texte, rédigé par les éducateurs d’une équipe de prévention spécialisée, présente une expérience d’initiation au karaté proposée à un public transgénérationnel et familial dans un quartier. Les objectifs sont de promouvoir une activité physique valorisante, d’établir des liens entre des personnes qui ne se connaissent pas et de faire vivre un autre type de relation que celui auquel elles sont habituées. Le bon choix du professeur de karaté est également fondamental. La satisfaction verbalisée par les participants semble donner raison à ses initiateurs.