bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative, Spatiotemporally Coordinated Activation of T and NK Cells Prevents Recurrence of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Brooks Jennifer , Fleischmann-Mundt Bettina , Woller Norman , Niemann Julia , Ribback Silvia , Peters Kristin , Demir Ihsan Ekin , Armbrecht Nina , Ceyhan Guralp O. , Manns Michael P. , Wirth Thomas C. , Kubicka Stefan , Bernhardt Gunter , Smyth Mark J. , Calvisi Diego F. , Gürlevik Engin , Kühnel Florian
Published: November 2017

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and disseminating cancer resistant to therapy, including checkpoint immunotherapies, and early tumor resection and (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy fails to improve a poor prognosis. In a transgenic mouse model of resectable PDAC, we investigated the coordinated activation of T and natural killier (NK) cells in addition to gemcitabine chemotherapy to prevent tumor recurrence. Only neoadjuvant, but not adjuvant treatment with a PD-1 antagonist effectively supported chemotherapy and suppressed local tumor recurrence and improved survival involving both NK and T cells. Local T-cell activation was confirmed by increased tumor infiltration with CD103+CD8+ T cells and neoantigen-specific CD8 T lymphocytes against the marker neoepitope LAMA4-G1254V. To achieve effective prevention of distant metastases in a complementary approach, we blocked the NK-cell checkpoint CD96, an inhibitory NK-cell receptor that binds CD155, which was abundantly expressed in primary PDAC and metastases of human patients. In gemcitabine-treated mice, neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade followed by adjuvant inhibition of CD96 significantly prevented relapse of PDAC, allowing for long-term survival. In summary, our results show in an aggressively growing transgenic mouse model of PDAC that the coordinated activation of both innate and adaptive immunity can effectively reduce the risk of tumor recurrence after surgery, facilitating long-term remission of this lethal disease.

Significance: Coordinated neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapies reduce the risk of disease relapse after resection of murine PDAC, suggesting this concept for future clinical trials. Cancer Res; 78(2); 475–88. ©2017 AACR.
Honokiol Radiosensitizes Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck by Downregulation of Survivin
Authors: Wang Xu , Beitler Jonathan J. , Huang Wen , Chen Guo , Qian Guoqing , Magliocca Kelly , Patel Mihir R. , Chen Amy Y. , Zhang Jun , Nannapaneni Sreenivas , Kim Sungjin , Chen Zhengjia , Deng Xingming , Saba Nabil F. , Chen Zhuo Georgia , Arbiser Jack L. , Shin Dong M.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: Previous studies revealed diverging results regarding the role of survivin in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of survivin expression in SCCHN; the function of survivin in DNA-damage repair following ionizing radiation therapy (RT) in SCCHN cells; and the potential of honokiol to enhance RT through downregulation of survivin.

Experimental Design: Expression of survivin in SCCHN patient primary tumor tissues (n = 100) was analyzed and correlated with clinical parameters. SCCHN cell lines were used to evaluate the function of survivin and the effects of honokiol on survivin expression in vitro and in vivo.

Results: Overexpression of survivin was significantly associated with lymph nodes' metastatic status (P = 0.025), worse overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients receiving RT (n = 65, OS: P = 0.024, DFS: P = 0.006) and in all patients with SCCHN (n = 100, OS: P = 0.002, DFS: P = 0.003). In SCCHN cells, depletion of survivin led to increased DNA damage and cell death following RT, whereas overexpression of survivin increased clonogenic survival. RT induced nuclear accumulation of survivin and its molecular interaction with γ-H2AX and DNA-PKCs. Survivin specifically bound to DNA DSB sites induced by I-SceI endonuclease. Honokiol (which downregulates survivin expression) in combination with RT significantly augmented cytotoxicity in SCCHN cells with acquired radioresistance and inhibited growth in SCCHN xenograft tumors.

Conclusions: Survivin is a negative prognostic factor and is involved in DNA-damage repair induced by RT. Targeting survivin using honokiol in combination with RT may provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 858–69. ©2017 AACR.
Cell-Free DNA and Circulating Tumor Cells: Comprehensive Liquid Biopsy Analysis in Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Rossi Giovanna , Mu Zhaomei , Rademaker Alfred W. , Austin Laura K. , Strickland Kimberly S. , Costa Ricardo Lima Barros , Nagy Rebecca J. , Zagonel Vittorina , Taxter Timothy J. , Behdad Amir , Wehbe Firas H. , Platanias Leonidas C. , Gradishar William J. , Cristofanilli Massimo
Published: November 2017

Purpose: Liquid biopsy provides a real-time assessment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We evaluated the utility of combining circulating tumor cells (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict prognosis in MBC.

Experimental Design: We conducted a retrospective study of 91 patients with locally advanced breast cancer and MBC. CTCs were enumerated by CellSearch; the plasma-based assay was performed utilizing Guardant360 and the survival analysis using Kaplan–Meier curves.

Results: Eighty-four patients had stage IV cancer, and 7 patients had no metastases. Eighty patients had CTC analysis: median number 2 (0–5,612). Blood samples [232 of 277 (84%)] had mutations. The average ctDNA fraction was 4.5% (0–88.2%) and number of alterations 3 (0–27); the most commonly mutated genes were TP53 (52%), PIK3CA (40%), and ERBB2 (20%). At the time of analysis, 36 patients (39.6%) were dead. The median follow-up for CTCs was 9 months; for ctDNA, it was 9.9 months. For CTCs and ctDNA, respectively, progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.2 and 5.2 months and overall survival (OS) was 18.7 and 21.5 months. There was a statistically significant difference in PFS and OS for baseline CTCs < 5 versus CTCs ≥ 5 (P = 0.021 and P = 0.0004, respectively); %ctDNA < 0.5 versus ≥ 0.5 (P = 0.003 and P = 0.012); number of alterations < 2 versus ≥ 2 (P = 0.059 borderline and P = 0.0015). A significant association by Fisher exact test was found between the number of alterations and the %ctDNA in the baseline sample (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions: The study demonstrated that liquid biopsy is an effective prognostic tool. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 560–8. ©2017 AACR.
Serum Cystatin C Predicts AKI and the Prognosis of Patients in Coronary Care Unit: a Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Hu Yugang , Liu Huilan , Du Liguo , Wan Jing , Li Xiaoning
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a serious clinical state associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in critical ill patients. We investigated the hypothesis that serum Cystatin C (sCysC) is a good predictor for AKI and may affect the short-term prognosis of coronary care unit (CCU) patients. Methods: In this prospective, observational study, we screened 412 adults admitted to the CCU from January 1, 2014 to June 1, 2015 at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. Serum samples were obtained at the time of admission, and sCysC was quantified through nephelometry. AKI was defined based on KDIGO-AKI criteria. After the patients’ hospital discharge, the survivors in this study were followed up for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was the incidence of AKI stratified by severity stage, while the second endpoints included 2-year mortality, rehospitalization and failure in renal recovery rates, as well as the progression of AKI to CKD. Results: According to the KDIGO-AKI criteria, AKI occurred in 130 (31.6%) patients. After multivariate adjustments, the highest quartile of sCysC was associated with a 9-fold increased risk of incident AKI compared with the lowest quartile. For predicting AKI, sCysC [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC=0.842)] outperformed β2-micro globulin (AUC=0.813) and the clinical model (AUC=0.777), and a cutoff of 1.255 mg/L yielded good sensitivity and specificity. After a median 19.8-month follow-up, 112 (27.2%) patients died within 2 years after admission. The sCysC independently predicted the risk of 2-year mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 4.955; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 2.853 to 8.603] and rehospitalization (OR, 3.128; 95% CI, 2.011 to 4.867), as well as renal recovery failure (OR, 3.618, 95% CI, 1.753 to 7.463). Conclusions: Serum CysC is a strong predictor of AKI and the short-term prognosis of CCU patients.
Maternal Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Nicotine Exposure in Adulthood May Induce Kidney Injury in Male Rats if Hypomagnesemia Occurs
Authors: Helou Claudia M.B. , Volpini Rildo A. , Santinho Mirela A.R. , Fonseca Fabricio L. , Simião André L.
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Maternal hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor to renal injury in rat pups at adulthood, especially if they feed a cholesterol-enriched diet after weaning. However, the renal function of male pups of dams with hypercholesterolemia (PH) that were fed a regular chow from weaning to adulthood needs investigation, particularly those exposed to an adverse risk such as nicotine. Methods: We evaluated the renal function of PH animals and we compared the data with those found in male pups of control dams (PC) at 3- and 6-month-old by inulin clearance. Moreover, we investigated the effect of nicotine treatment for 8 days in both PH and PC animals at 6 months old via metabolic function studies and by renal histological analysis. Results: Inulin clearance and other renal function parameters were similar in PH and PC animals at 3 and 6 months old. Nevertheless, the PH group showed significant differences with regard to histological analysis despite a similar number of glomeruli. The glomerular area of PH animals was significantly smaller than that measured in PC animals, and the fractional interstitial area was significantly larger in PH animals than that measured in PC animals at 3 months old. With regard to nicotine treatment, we observed a trend for a reduction in creatinine clearance in both PC and PH groups, but only PH animals showed hypomagnesemia and the highest fractional interstitial area. Conclusions: The offspring exposed to a high cholesterol milieu during intrauterine and neonatal life may show a silent kidney injury at adulthood that may be aggravated by nicotine exposure if hypomagnesemia occurs.
Therapeutic Effects of FK506 on IgA Nephropathy Rat
Authors: Wei Linting , Du Yan , Jia Lining , Ma Xiaotao , Chen Zhao , Lu Jiamei , Tian Lifang , Duan Zhaoyang , Dong Fengming , Lv Zhian , Yao Ganglian , Fu Rongguo , Wang Li
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: FK506 is an immunosuppressive drug and a calcineurin inhibitor that has been widely used in kidney disease in recent years. FK506 shows a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical effects; however, the mechanism of its anti- proliferative effect has not been well elucidated. An IgA nephropathy (IgAN) model was used to generate a mesangial cell proliferation model. This study aims to examine the effect of FK506 on IgAN rats and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Hematuria, proteinuria and renal function were measured. To observe the pathological conditions, we performed HE (hematoxylin - eosin) and PAS (periodic acid - schiff) staining. Transcription and protein expression levels were detected by qRT - PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and Wb (western blotting). The location and semi-quantitative expression levels of TRPCs, CaN (Calcineurin) and α-SMA were examined by IHC (Immunohistochemical staining). Results: We found that FK506 could improve hematuria, proteinuria and renal function, especially in the HF (high-dose FK506) groups. Renal pathological changes were ameliorated in the treatment groups. FK506 could significantly decrease TRPCs, CaN, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and α-SMA expression. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that the therapeutic effect of FK506 on IgAN might be partially associated with the down-regulated expression of TRPC channels, CaN and phosphorylation of ERK1/2.
Cysteine-Rich Intestinal Protein 1 Silencing Inhibits Migration and Invasion in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: He Guoyang , Zou Liyuan , Zhou Lin , Gao Peiqiong , Qian Xinlai , Cui Jing
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Cysteine-rich intestinal protein 1 (CRIP1), a member of the LIM/double zinc finger protein family, is abnormally expressed in several tumour types. However, few data are available on the role of CRIP1 in cancer. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the expression profile and functions of CRIP1 in colorectal cancer. Methods: To examine the protein expression level of CRIP1, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 56 pairs of colon cancer tissue samples. Western blotting was performed to investigate CRIP1 protein expression in four colon cancer cell lines. The endogenous expression of CRIP1 was suppressed using short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Cell proliferation assays were used to determine whether CRIP1 silencing affected cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect cell apoptosis. The effects of silencing CRIP1 on cell migration and invasion was detected using the transwell and wound-healing assays. Results: IHC analysis showed that protein level of CRIP1 was significantly higher in tumour tissue samples than in paired non-tumour tissue samples and that the CRIP1 level was higher in metastatic tissue samples than in non-metastatic tissue samples. In addition, protein levels of CRIP1 were higher in highly metastatic colon cancer cell lines than in colon cancer cell lines with low metastasis. Further, CRIP1 silencing had no effect on cell proliferation or apoptosis in SW620 and HT29 cells. CRIP1 silencing suppressed cell migration and invasion obviously in SW620 and HT29 cells. Conclusion: The present study provides new evidence that abnormal expression of CRIP1 might be related to the degree of metastasis in colorectal cancer and that CRIP1 silencing could effectively inhibit migration and invasion during colorectal cancer development. These findings might aid the development of a biomarker for colon cancer prognosis and metastasis, and thus help to treat this common type of cancer.
Novel Functional Role of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Mitochondrial Connexin 43-Mediated Hypoxic Postconditioning
Authors: Tu Rong-Hui , Li Qing-Jie , Huang Zheng , He Yan , Meng Jian-Jun , Zheng Hui-Lei , Zeng Zhi-Yu , Zhong Guo-Qiang
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Previous studies have shown that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)-mediated mitochondrial import of connexin 43 (Cx43) is critical in preconditioning cardioprotection. The present study was designed to test whether postconditioning has the same effect as preconditioning in promoting Cx43 translocation to mitochondria and whether mitochondrial HSP90 modulates this effect. Methods: Cellular models of hypoxic postconditioning (HPC) from rat heart-derived H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were employed. The effects of HPC on cardiomyocytes apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 fluorescent staining. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) production was assessed with the peroxide-sensitive fluorescent probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin in diacetate (DCFH-DA). The anti- and pro-apoptotic markers Bcl-2 and Bax, HSP90 and Cx43 protein levels were studied by Western blot analysis in total cell homogenate and sarcolemmal and mitochondrial fractions. The effects on HPC of the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA), ROS scavengers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Cx43 and HSP90 were also investigated. Results: HPC significantly reduced hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. These beneficial effects were accompanied by an increase in Bcl-2 levels and a decrease in Bax levels in both sarcolemmal and mitochondrial fractions. HPC with siRNA targeting Cx43 or the ROS scavengers SOD plus CAT significantly prevented ROS generation and HPC cardioprotection, but HPC with either SOD or CAT did not. These data strongly supported the involvement of Cx43 in HPC cardioprotection, likely via modulation of the ROS balance which plays a central role in HPC protection. Furthermore, HPC increased total and mitochondrial levels of HSP90 and the mitochondria-to-sarcolemma ratio of Cx43; blocking the function of HSP90 with the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) or siRNA targeting HSP90 prevented the protection of HPC and the HPC-induced association of Cx43, indicating that mitochondrial HSP90 was important for mitochondrial translocation of Cx43 during HPC. Conclusion: Mitochondrial HSP90 played a central role in HPC cardioprotection, and its activity was linked to the mitochondrial targeting of Cx43, the activation of which triggered ROS signaling and the subsequent reduction of redox stress. Consequently, its target gene, Bcl-2, was upregulated, and proapoptotic Bax was inhibited in the sarcolemma and mitochondria, ultimately attenuating H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. These data reveal a novel mechanism of HPC protection.
Reduction of NANOG Mediates the Inhibitory Effect of Aspirin on Tumor Growth and Stemness in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Hefei , Liu Bing , Wang Jing , Li Jinglin , Gong Ying , Li Sisi , Wang Chunli , Cui Bai , Xue Xiaoyuan , Yang Mengying , Fan Wenjun , Kang Zhijie , Kamran Muhammad , Xu Jie , Tian Pengfei , Luo Yuanyuan , Hou Zhijie , Dong Lin , Ren Yanling , Li Man , Wen Qingping , Cheng Wei , Xu Lingzhi , Wang Ling , Liu Quentin
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be responsible for tumor relapse and metastasis, which serve as a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Aspirin has been shown to reduce cancer risk and mortality, particularly in colorectal cancer. However, the CSCs-suppressing effect of aspirin and its relevant mechanisms in colorectal cancer remain unclear. Methods: CCK8 assay was employed to detect the cell viability. Sphere formation assay, colony formation assay, and ALDH1 assay were performed to identify the effects of aspirin on CSC properties. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of the stemness factors. Xenograft model was employed to identify the anti-cancer effects of aspirin in vivo. Unpaired Student t test, ANOVA test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the statistical comparisons. Results: Aspirin attenuated colonosphere formation and decreased the ALDH1 positive cell population of colorectal cancer cells. Aspirin inhibited xenograft tumor growth and reduced tumor cells stemness in nude mice. Consistently, aspirin decreased the protein expression of stemness-related transcription factors, including c-Myc, OCT4 and NANOG. Suppression of NANOG blocked the effect of aspirin on sphere formation. Conversely, ectopic expression of NANOG rescued the aspirin-repressed sphere formation, suggesting that NANOG is a key downstream target. Moreover, we found that aspirin repressed NANOG expression in protein level by decreasing its stability. Conclusion: We have provided new evidence that aspirin attenuates CSC properties through down-regulation of NANOG, suggesting aspirin as a promising therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer treatment.
Ellagic Acid Reduces High Glucose-Induced Vascular Oxidative Stress Through ERK1/2/NOX4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Rozentsvit Artur , Vinokur Kevin , Samuel Sherin , Li Ying , Gerdes A. Martin , Carrillo-Sepulveda Maria Alicia
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is linked to endothelial dysfunction and is one of the key contributors to the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Emerging evidence has indicated that ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenol found in fruits and nuts, possesses numerous biological activities including radical scavenging. However, whether EA exerts a vasculo-protective effect via antioxidant mechanisms in blood vessels exposed to diabetic conditions remains unknown. Accordingly, the goal of this current study was to determine whether EA decreases vascular ROS production and thus ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in the diabetic milieu. Methods: Intact rat aortas and human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were stimulated with 30mM high glucose (HG) with and without EA co-treatment. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was measured using a wire myograph. Gene and protein expression of non-phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases 4 (NOX4) were detected using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring ROS levels using dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Results: Intact aortas exposed to HG condition displayed exacerbated ROS production and impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, characterizing endothelial dysfunction. These effects were markedly reduced with EA treatment. HG enhanced ROS production in HAEC, paralleled by increased ERK1/2 activation and NOX4 expression. EA treatment blunted the increase of ROS generation, ERK1/2 activation and decreased NOX4. Conclusions: EA significantly decreases endothelial ROS levels and ameliorates the impairment of vascular relaxation induced by HG. Our results suggest that EA exerts a vasculo-protective effect under diabetic conditions via an antioxidant effect that involves inhibition of ERK1/2 and downregulation of NOX4.
Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy of the Upper Arm
Authors: Kirigin Monica Stephany , Džombeta Tihana , Seiwerth Sven , Mesić Marko , Stepan Giljević Jasminka , Krušlin Božo
Published: November 2017

Objective: To present a case of a 6-month-old infant with melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) in the upper arm. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 6-month-old female presented with a well-circumscribed lesion of the upper arm at the Children's Hospital Zagreb. A biopsy was performed and microscopy revealed 2 cell populations consisting of small neuroblastic cells and larger melanin-containing epithelial cells. An excisional biopsy performed 1 month later confirmed the initial diagnosis of MNTI, but the tumor had increased in size since the initial biopsy. After complete surgical excision the patient recovered well with no recurrence. Conclusion: The MNTI located in the upper arm was diagnosed on first biopsy and surgically excised completely. The patient recovered without recurrence in a follow-up of 2.5 years.
Idades U-Pb de zircão detrítico da sequência metassedimentar superior na região do Greenstone Belt de Guarinos, Goiás
Authors: Silva Alex Joaquim Choupina Andrade , Simões Luiz Sérgio Amarante
Published: November 2017

Na porção norte do Bloco Arqueano de Goiás ocorrem dois greenstone belts (Guarinos e Pilar de Goiás) cobertos por uma sequência metassedimentar, atribuída por diversos autores ao Grupo Araxá e por outros ao Grupo Serra da Mesa/Serra Dourada e, ainda, referida por alguns simplesmente como uma Sequência Mesoproterozoica. Embora ocorram semelhanças litoestratigráficas entre os grupos Araxá e Serra da Mesa, trabalhos mais recentes têm mostrado que a evolução dessas bacias e as suas idades de sedimentação possuem peculiaridades que as diferenciam entre si. Este trabalho apresenta dados geocronológicos U-Pb em zircão detríticos obtidos pelo método ablação a laser (LA-MC-ICP-MS) em amostras de quartzitos dessa sequência metassedimentar. O zircão mais jovem encontrado apresenta idade de 1405 ± 10 Ma, marcando o limite máximo de deposição e indicando área-fonte com rochas do  Mesoproterozoico. As amostras apresentam maior frequência de cristais paleoproterozoicos, entre 1796 e 2472 Ma, e populações mais antigas, de idade mesoneoarqueana, entre 2672 e 3112 Ma. Enquanto os detritos paleoproterozoicos a arqueanos podem ser provenientes das rochas que constituem o Bloco Arqueano de Goiás, a fonte para o conjunto mesoproterozoico é duvidosa; talvez esteja relacionada a rochas da Província Estanífera de Goiás, ou equivalentes.
Front San Diablo na região de Miraflores, Faixa Sunsás, Bolívia: implicações tectônicas e estratigráficas
Authors: Nedel Ingrid Moerschberger , Ruiz Amarildo Salina , Matos-Salinas Gerardo Ramiro , Sousa Maria Zélia Aguiar de , Pimentel Marcio Martins , Pavanetto Pamela
Published: November 2017

O Front San Diablo trata-se de uma megaestrutura tectônica desenvolvida nas rochas do Terreno Paraguá e pela cobertura metassedimentar do Grupo Sunsás. Os dados geológicos e geocronológicos obtidos neste trabalho permitiram correlacionar os litotipos descritos na região estudada a três unidades litoestratigráficas: o Complexo Chiquitania, formado por biotita gnaisses de composição monzogranítica a granodiorítica; a Suíte Intrusiva Pensamiento, representada pelo Granito Colmena, um corpo intrusivo milonitizado de composição monzogranítica, localizado na zona de maior deformação do front; e o Grupo Sunsás, formado por micaxistos e metarenitos. Foram identificadas três fases de deformação: F1 gerou o bandamento gnáissico S1 com trend N-S nas rochas do Complexo Chiquitania; F2 promoveu a transposição do bandamento S1, e deu origem a dobras e à foliação S2 segundo o trend regional E-W; F3 foi marcada por dobras suaves e foliações espaçadas do tipo crenulação (S3) ortogonais ao trend geral das estruturas. Os dados geocronológicos U-Pb (SHRIMP) indicaram idade de cristalização em 1.685 ± 4,9 Ma e provável idade de metamorfismo em 1.111 ± 10 Ma para o gnaisse do Complexo Chiquitania; já os dados U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) obtidos a partir de zircões detríticos sugerem idade máxima de sedimentação em torno de 1,2 Ga para o Grupo Sunsás, com fontes de idade paleo e mesoproterozoicas. Os dados estruturais caracterizam o Front San Diablo como uma larga zona de cisalhamento com direção NE e movimento direcional destral, gerada durante a Orogênese Sunsás em torno de 1,0 Ga, como indicam os dados K-Ar prévios. A partir dos dados apresentados, sugere-se que o Front San Diablo não se trata de um limite tectônico entre os terrenos alóctones Paraguá e San Pablo, mas sim de uma larga faixa de cisalhamento desenvolvida no Toniano, responsável pela justaposição por meio de movimentos direcionais de blocos crustais no interior do Terreno Paraguá.
Caracterização da deformação rúptil em afloramento da Formação Resende, Bacia de Volta Redonda, Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Maciel Ingrid Barreto , Mello Claudio Limeira , Silva Aline Theophilo
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho apresenta a caracterização estrutural e a análise de paleontensões em um afloramento da Formação Resende (Eoceno), na Bacia de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, com a finalidade de subsidiar discussões a respeito do comportamento hidráulico de falhas em arenitos pouco consolidados. A Formação Resende é composta predominantemente por arenitos feldspáticos pouco consolidados e estratificados, intercalados a lamitos esverdeados, apresentando expressiva deformação tectônica, relacionada ao contexto evolutivo do Rift Continental do Sudeste do Brasil (RCSB). Essa unidade litoestratigráfica constitui um geomaterial análogo a importantes reservatórios siliciclásticos pouco consolidados e fraturados que ocorrem nas bacias da margem sudeste do Brasil. O afloramento estudado localiza-se próximo à borda sul do Gráben de Casa de Pedra, principal depocentro da Bacia de Volta Redonda. Sua arquitetura estrutural-estratigráfica foi definida a partir da elaboração de uma seção geológica (escala 1:100), de três perfis sedimentológicos (escala 1:20) e da análise de paleotensões de pares falha/estria. Destacam-se duas expressivas falhas normais — F1 e F2 — com orientação ENE-WSW e mergulhos opostos, dividindo o afloramento em três blocos principais, em padrão de gráben e horstes. Apesar do padrão distensivo dominante, elementos estruturais e estratigráficos (i.e. fraturas de Riedel; sobreposição de estrias normais às direcionais; variações abruptas da espessura de camadas) indicam a reativação de F1 e F2 segundo três eventos tectônicos sucessivos, relacionados à deformação do RCSB: Transcorrência Sinistral E-W, Transcorrência Dextral E-W e Distensão NW-SE. Esses eventos deram origem a elementos estruturais (i.e. clay smear; justaposição de camadas; zonas de dano e núcleo de falhas; bandas de deformação/compactação) condicionantes da capacidade hidráulica de falhas, como indicado pelas variações observadas no padrão de cimentação por óxidos de ferro entre os blocos alto e baixo das falhas principais.
Studies on Oberonia 2 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae): Oberonia aureolabris, a new species discovered in cultivation
Authors: GEIGER DANIEL L.
Published: November 2017

Oberonia aureolabris sp. nov. from western Java is described, having been studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. It is distinguished by a panduriform inflated disc, relatively short and widely separated epichile lobes on the lip, more or less equal length of the floral bracts over the entire floriferous portion of the inflorescence and orange colour.
Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice
Authors: Robeyns Ingrid
Published: November 2017

Notions such as wellbeing, freedom, and social justice are integral to evaluating social progress and developing policies. One increasingly influential way to think about these concepts is the capability approach, a theoretical framework which was pioneered by the philosopher and economist Amartya Sen in the 1980s.

In this book Ingrid Robeyns orientates readers new to the capability approach through offering an explanation of this framework. Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice also endeavors to resolve historical disputes in the literature and thus will be equally engaging to those familiar with the field. The author offers a novel and illuminating account of how the capability approach can be understood in a variety of academic disciplines and fields of application. Special attention is paid to clarifying misunderstandings that have been caused by different disciplinary assumptions and the interpretive consequences they have for our consideration of the capability approach.

Robeyns argues that respecting the distinction between the general capability approach, and more specific capability theories or applications, helps to clear up confusion and misinterpretation. In addition, the author presents detailed analyses of well-known objections to the capability approach, and also discusses how it relates to other schools of analysis such as theories of justice, human rights, basic needs, and the human development approach.

Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice offers an original and comprehensive account of the field. The book will appeal to scholars of the capability approach as well as new readers looking for an interdisciplinary introduction.
Introduction to the Thematic Section
Authors: Sajkowski Wojciech
Published: November 2017

Introduction to the Thematic SectionThe images of the borders of civilizations is the main topic of the thematic section of this issue of Colloquia Humanistica. In the call for papers it was emphasised, that this issue is particularly important, because the notion of civilization is strictly related to the issue of borders since it would became meaningless without the opposition to another civilization, or the lack of it. The juxtaposition between the notion of civilization and its different antinomies seems easier to display when seen from its centre, however the shape of its border is not always clear, even if it has a foundation in clear geographical or political divisions. Thus, this border can be represented as a linear frontier between a civilized state and barbaric lands, or as a borderland which encompasses some kind of fluent transition. The civilization border can be also represented in a macro scale, shaping geographic divisions of the continents (as it was in the case of the Balkans), but its depiction can also concern the micro scale, for example the difference between an urban and a natural landscape. The notion is even broader, because it is not only treated in the context of space but also social behaviours and their evolution (which is bound with notion of the progress since the Enlightenment). The question establishing the difference between the civilized and the uncivilized is still shaping the identity of modern societies, and thus it is worth attention. Wprowadzenie do sekcji tematycznejTematem przewodnim szóstego numeru rocznika Colloquia Humanistica są obrazy granic cywilizacji. Temat ten wydaje się niezwykle istotny, ponieważ pojęcie cywilizacji ściśle wiąże się z kategorią granicy, skoro traci ono znaczenie, gdy nie zachodzi opozycja wobec innej cywilizacji. Zestawienie pojęcia cywilizacji i jego różnych antynomii najłatwiej przejawia się, jak się wydaje, z perspektywy centrum, jednakże kształt jej granic nie zawsze rysuje się wyraźnie, nawet gdy wywodzi się ona z jasnych podziałów geograficznych czy politycznych. Granicę może zatem reprezentować linia między cywilizowanym państwem a krajami barbarzyńskimi lub też pogranicze, stanowiące coś w rodzaju płynnego przejścia. Granicę cywilizacji można też przedstawić w makroskali poprzez podziały geograficzne na kontynencie (jak ma to miejsce w przypadku Bałkanów), lecz jej obraz dotyka również mikroskali, na przykład różnicy między krajobrazem miejskim a naturalnym. Pojęcie to ma wręcz szerszy charakter, ponieważ porusza kontekst nie tylko przestrzenny, lecz również kwestię zachowań społecznych i ich ewolucję (od czasu oświecenia związaną z pojęciem postępu). Kwestia ustanowienia granicy między cywilizowanym a niecywilizowanym wciąż wpływa na kształt tożsamości współczesnych społeczeństw i dlatego warto podjąć się jej zbadania.
“When Night Passes” and “When Day Breaks” – Between the Past and the Present. Borderlines of Holocaust in Filip David’s Works
Authors: Giergiel Sabina , Taczyńska Katarzyna
Published: November 2017

When Night Passes and When Day Breaks – Between the Past and the Present. Borderlines of Holocaust in Filip David’s WorksThe primary objective of the text is the analysis of Filip David's latest work. The Serbian writer is the author of the novel House of Memories and Oblivions (Kuća sećanja i zaborava, 2014), award for Best Novel of the Year by the NIN weekly (Nedeljne Informativne Novine). On the one hand, the output of this Serbian novelist is of interest to us as a continuation and representation of the contemporary discourse on the Holocaust in Serbia. On the other – we look at the literary realization of the Holocaust topic. The fortunes of the main characters in the novel (children who survived Holocaust) serve as the cases on which we present where the author draws the borderline of the ever-present Holocaust in their lives; how much and in what way the past affects their present; where the borderline of memory, forgetting and oblivion is. Kad padne noć i Kad svane dan - między przeszłością a teraźniejszością. Granice Holocaustu w twórczości Filipa DavidaPodstawowym celem tekstu jest analiza najnowszej tworczości Filipa Davida, autora nagrodzonej Nagrodą Tygodnika NIN („Nedeljne Informativne Novine") powieści Dom pamięci i zapomnienia (2014, Kuća sećanja i zabovrava). Z jednej strony twórczość serbskiego prozaika interesować nas będzie jako kontynuacja i reprezentacja współczesnego dyskursu na temat Holokaustu w Serbii. Z drugiej zaś – przyjrzymy się jego literackiej realizacji. Na przykładzie losów głównych bohaterów powieści (dzieci, które przeżyły Zagładę) pokażemy, gdzie przebiega rysowana przez autora granica istnienia Shoah w ich życiu. Na ile i w jaki sposób przeszłość wpływa na ich teraźniejszość, gdzie przebiega granica pamięci, niepamięci i zapomnienia oraz w jakim stopniu ich życie definiuje rozdzielenie rzeczywistości od fikcji.
“Neither Here Nor There.” The Experience of Borderless Nation in Contemporary Dominican-American Literature
Authors: Majkowska Karolina
Published: November 2017

“Neither Here Nor There.” The Experience of Borderless Nation in Contemporary Dominican-American LiteratureDiscussing migrant identities, critics very often focus on the state in-between, the state between the borders, or being neither here nor there, and a migrant group that seems to epitomize this in-between condition is the Dominican-Americans. Consequently, the article seeks to examine the experience of in-betweenness, of being suspended between the boundaries and borders of two countries in selected texts of contemporary Dominican-American writers: Junot Díaz’s novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao and a short story “Monstro,” and Angie Cruz’s Soledad. It aims to analyze how the texts discuss the experience of in-betweenness through hybridity (for instance intertextuality and magical realism) with the use of tools offered by the neo-baroque esthetics. „Ani tu, ani tam”. Doświadczenie narodu bez granic we współczesnej literaturze dominikańsko-amerykańskiejAnaliza tożsamości imigrantów często skupia się na byciu pomiędzy, egzystowaniu między granicami, a także braku przynależności do żadnej z kultur. Grupa, która wydaje się uosabiać ten stan, to migranci z Republiki Dominikany w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje temat doświadczenia bycia pomiędzy, zawieszenia pomiędzy granicami i między dwoma krajami w wybranych tekstach współczesnych pisarzy dominikańsko-amerykańskich: powieści Krótki i niezwykły żywot Oscara Wao i opowiadania „Monstro” Junota Díaza oraz powieści Soledad Angie Cruz. Celem artykułu jest analiza doświadczenia bycia pomiędzy wyrażanego poprzez hybrydę, czemu służą narzędzia oferowane przez estetykę neobarokową, a także poprzez intertekstualność i realizm magiczny.
An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)
Authors: Panasiuk Joanna
Published: November 2017

An Icon from the Orthodox Church in Tatаurоvо (Eastern Siberia)In the Orthodox church in Tataurovo (Татаỳрово), a settlement in Eastern Siberia, consecrated in 2013, there is a noncanonical old icon with features of eastern and western painting. Ikona z cerkwi prawosławnej z Tataurowa (wschodnia Syberia)W miejscowości Tataurowo (Татаỳрово), znajdującej się we wschodniej Syberii, w prawosławnej cerkwi konsekrowanej w 2013 roku znajduje się niekanoniczna stara ikona nosząca cechy zarówno wschodniego, jak i zachodniego malarstwa.
Meyerhold Bound: Montažstroj's “Vatrotehna (2.0)” and the Barbaric Discipline of the Machine
Authors: Rafolt Leo
Published: November 2017

Meyerhold bBound: Montažstroj's Vatrotehna (2.0) and the Barbaric Discipline of the MachineThe paper deals with Montažstroj’s two versions of Vatrotehna performance, inspired by Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound and Meyerhold’s tragic execution. Context of both performances is analyzed, especially in the light of re-performability in post-sociorealist and neo-capitalist conditions. Montažstroj’s performances are, hence, seen as radical in situ performance praxis, community oriented, and deeply rooted in traditions of avant-garde theatre. Therefore, questions like iterability, social proxemics and political engagement of the performance arise as most important. Aeschylus’ plot intertekst and Meyerhold’s performative intertext thus function as a platform for re-examining and re-performing in a rigid, utmost barbaric biomechanical mode, furthermore – in totally mediatized and mechanicocentric society. Skok Meyerholda: Vatrotehna (2.0) grupy Montažstroj i barbarzyńska dyscyplina maszynyArtykuł analizuje dwie wersje widowiska Vatrotehna, inspirowanego Prometeuszem skowanym Ajschylosa i tragicznością interpretacji Meyerholda w wykonaniu grupy Montažstroj. Przedstawiony został kontekst obu wykonań, a zwłaszcza perspektywa re-performatywności w warunkach postsocrealistycznych i neokapitalistycznych. Wykonania Montažstroju uznane są za radykalną in situ performatywną praxis, zorientowaną na wspólnotę i głęboko zakorzenioną w tradycjach teatralnej awangardy. W związku z tym kluczowe okazały się takie kwestie jak iteratywność, proksemika społeczna i polityczne zaangażowanie widowiska. Fabularny intertekst Ajschylosa i performatywny intertekst Meyerholda stają się platformą ponownego zbadania i ponownego wykonania w surowym, niemal barbarzyńskim trybie biomechaniki, co więcej – w totalnie zmediatyzowanym i maszynocentrycznym społeczeństwie.
Some Pitfalls in Statistical Downscaling of Future Climate
Authors: Lanzante John R. , Dixon Keith W. , Nath Mary Jo , Whitlock Carolyn E. , Adams-Smith Dennis
Published: November 2017

Statistical downscaling (SD) is commonly used to provide information for the assessment of climate change impacts. Using as input the output from large-scale dynamical climate models and observation-based data products, SD aims to provide a finer grain of detail and to mitigate systematic biases. It is generally recognized as providing added value. However, one of the key assumptions of SD is that the relationships used to train the method during a historical period are unchanged in the future, in the face of climate change. The validity of this assumption is typically quite difficult to assess in the normal course of analysis, as observations of future climate are lacking. We approach this problem using a “perfect model” experimental design in which high-resolution dynamical climate model output is used as a surrogate for both past and future observations.

We find that while SD in general adds considerable value, in certain well-defined circumstances it can produce highly erroneous results. Furthermore, the breakdown of SD in these contexts could not be foreshadowed during the typical course of evaluation based on only available historical data. We diagnose and explain the reasons for these failures in terms of physical, statistical, and methodological causes. These findings highlight the need for caution in the use of statistically downscaled products and the need for further research to consider other hitherto unknown pitfalls, perhaps utilizing more advanced perfect model designs than the one we have employed.
Diagnosing ENSO and Global Warming Tropical Precipitation Shifts Using Surface Relative Humidity and Temperature
Authors: Todd Alexander , Collins Matthew , Lambert F. Hugo , Chadwick Robin
Published: November 2017

Large uncertainty remains in future projections of tropical precipitation change under global warming. A simplified method for diagnosing tropical precipitation change is tested here on present-day El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) precipitation shifts. This method, based on the weak temperature gradient approximation, assumes precipitation is associated with local surface relative humidity (RH) and surface air temperature (SAT), relative to the tropical mean. Observed and simulated changes in RH and SAT are subsequently used to diagnose changes in precipitation. Present-day ENSO precipitation shifts are successfully diagnosed using observations (correlationr= 0.69) and an ensemble of atmosphere-only (0.51 ≤r≤ 0.8) and coupled (0.5 ≤r≤ 0.87) climate model simulations. RH (r= 0.56) is much more influential than SAT (r= 0.27) in determining ENSO precipitation shifts for observations and climate model simulations over both land and ocean. Using intermodel differences, a significant relationship is demonstrated between method performance over ocean for present-day ENSO and projected global warming (r= 0.68). As a caveat, the authors note that mechanisms leading to ENSO-related precipitation changes are not a direct analog for global warming–related precipitation changes. The diagnosis method presented here demonstrates plausible mechanisms that relate changes in precipitation, RH, and SAT under different climate perturbations. Therefore, uncertainty in future tropical precipitation changes may be linked with uncertainty in future RH and SAT changes.
Impacts of Ocean Cooling and Reduced Wind Drag on Hurricane Katrina (2005) Based on Numerical Simulations
Authors: Chen Yingjian , Zhang Fuqing , Green Benjamin W. , Yu Xiping
Published: November 2017

Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is strongly influenced by surface fluxes of momentum and moist enthalpy (typically parameterized in terms of “exchange coefficients” Cd and Ck, respectively). The behavior of Cd and Ck remains quite uncertain especially in high wind conditions over the ocean; moreover, moist enthalpy flux is extremely sensitive to sea surface temperature (SST). This study focuses on numerical simulations of Hurricane Katrina (2005) from an atmosphere–ocean coupled modeling system to examine the combined impacts of air–sea flux parameterizations and ocean cooling on TC evolution. Three momentum flux options—which make Cd increase, level off, or decrease at hurricane-force wind speeds—with five different Ck curves are tested. Maximum 10-m wind speed Vmax is highly sensitive to Cd, with weaker sensitivities for minimum sea level pressure Pmin and track. Atmosphere-only runs that held SST fixed yielded TCs with Pmin substantially deeper than observations. Introducing ocean coupling weakens TC intensity with much more realistic Pmin. The coupled run with the flux parameterization that decreases Cd at high wind speeds yields a simulated TC intensity most consistent with observations. This Cd parameterization produces TCs with the highest Vmax. Increasing Ck generally increases surface heat fluxes and thus TC intensity. For coupled runs using the default Ck parameterization, the simulated SST fields are similar (regardless of Cd parameterization) and agree well with satellite observations. The mesoscale oceanic eddies, which are well resolved in the ocean model, contribute to the magnitude of TC-induced SST cooling and greatly influence TC intensity.
Assessment of Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio and Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Çağdaş Metin , Rencüzoğullari Ibrahim , Karakoyun Süleyman , Karabağ Yavuz , Yesin Mahmut , Artaç Inanç , Iliş Doğan , Çağdaş Öznur Sadioğlu , Tezcan Aysu Hayriye , Tanboğa Halil Ibrahim
Published: November 2017

The association of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity with increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and decreased albumin levels has been reported. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the usefulness of the CRP to albumin ratio (CAR) in predicting intermediate–high SYNergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) score (SS) and high SS II. Consecutive patients (n = 344) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention comprised the study population. The study population was divided into 2 groups according to SS >22 and mean SS II values, respectively. Patients with intermediate–high SS and high SS II had higher CAR than patients with low SS and SS II. History of diabetes mellitus, decreased albumin, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and elevated CAR (odds ratio [OR]: 1.020; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009-1.031; P < .001) were independent predictors of high SS. The presence of hypertension, decreased hemoglobin and albumin levels, and increased CAR (OR: 1.014; 95% CI, 1.004-1.023; P < .001) were independent predictors of SS II. In receiver operating characteristic curve comparison, CAR was superior to CRP and albumin in prediction of intermediate–high SS, but only CRP in prediction of high SS II. The CAR calculated from the admission blood samples could be a useful parameter for predicting CAD severity using SS and SS II.
The controversy over controversial issues
Authors: Zimmerman Jonathan , Robertson Emily
Published: November 2017

Avoiding the discussion of controversial topics in U.S. classrooms deprives students of an important part of their learning. Jonathan Zimmerman and Emily Robertson, authors of The Case for Contention: Teaching Controversial Issues in American Schools (University of Chicago Press, 2017) say Americans are terrible at having informed, reasonable debates in part because schools do not prepare students for such exchanges. Although our policies encourage or even require instruction about controversy, we do a poor job of preparing and supporting teachers to ensure that they can provide such instruction. Teachers need both the prestige to lead the discussion of controversial issues and the protection to do so consistently. In addition, Americans need more education about exactly what constitutes a controversy, which is itself a controversial issue.