bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Važnost biotičkog suvereniteta u kontekstu budućih promjena pravne regulacije genetički modificiranih usjeva u Europskoj uniji i Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Kelam Ivica
Published: November 2022

»Lošinjska deklaracija o biotičkom suverenitetu« jedinstven je dokument na globalnoj razini i predstavlja značajnu novost u holističkom promatranju okoliša i života. Do pojave Deklaracije, život i okoliš promatralo se instrumentalistički, u skladu s prevladavajućom tehno znanstvenom paradigmom. Deklaracija uvodi biotičku suverenost kao polazište u raspravi o GMO-ima, iz koje treba prosuđivati potencijalnu štetnost ili korisnost tehnike genetske modifikacije. Upravo bi zaštita biotičkog suvereniteta treba biti jedna od ključnih vrijednosti u predstojećoj borbi oko izmjena, a najvjerojatnije i drastičnog reduciranja regulatornih pravila genetički modificiranih usjeva na razini Europske unije, a posljedično i Hrvatske. U radu, ćemo ukazat na važnost »Lošinjske deklaracije o biotičkom suverenitetu« u kontekstu pojave novih tehnika uređivanja gena, a koje postaju sve veća prijetnja biotičkom suverenitetu. U središtu je analize proces lobiranja protiv presude C-528/16 na primjeru znanstvenika okupljenih u mreži EU-SAGE, osvrnuti se na kontroverze vezane za nove studije Europske komisije o novim genskim tehnikama, kao i na politički kontekst sukoba Europske komisije i Europskog parlamenta oko autorizacije novih sorti sjemena genetički modificiranih usjeva.
Imena slikarstva
Authors: Ćipranić Miloš
Published: November 2022

Slikarstvo je predmet kojim se José Ortega y Gasset iscrpno bavio u svojem djelu s gledišta koje je označio kao raciovitalizam ili filozofiju životnoga uma. U ovom se radu ispituje je li pojam živopis vjerniji principima raciovitalističke filozofije od pojma pintura koji koristi Ortega y Gasset. Drugim riječima, postavlja se pitanje o tome ne nadmašuje li prijevod, u tom slučaju, sâm original. U skladu s Orteginom tezom o povijesnosti ljudskih tvorevina, potražit će se i podrijetlo riječi »živopis«, što će doprinijeti zaključku o tome je li ona odgovarajuće ime za umjetnost slikarstva iz perspektive jedne filozofije života.
A simple guide from machine learning outputs to statistical criteria in particle physics
Authors: Khosa Charanjit Kaur , Sanz Veronica , Soughton Michael
Published: November 2022

In this paper we propose ways to incorporate Machine Learning
training outputs into a study of statistical significance. We describe
these methods in supervised classification tasks using a CNN and a DNN
output, and unsupervised learning based on a VAE. As use cases, we
consider two physical situations where Machine Learning are often used:
high-p_TpT
hadronic activity, and boosted Higgs in association with a massive
vector boson.
Evaluation index system of practical abilities of P.E. students at Chinese universities
Authors: Li Zongxi , Slavkova Olena , Gao Yong
Published: November 2022

With the continuous increase of requirements for P.E. talents’ qualities, there occurs higher disharmony between cultivation goals and modes for P.E. talents and social demands. Hence, it is necessary to review the evaluation index system of practical abilities for university students majoring in P.E. to enhance the betterment of cultivation goals and modes for P.E. professionals and its teaching quality. The goal of this study is to establish the evaluation index system of practical abilities for P.E. professionals. This paper uses document analysis and expert grading methods to construct the concrete indexes of the evaluation system and calculate the weight indexes of three levels of practical abilities employing the analytic hierarchy process. The results highlighted that the most significant weights have, respectively, moral education ability in the first-level indexes, teachers’ code of ethics in the second-level indexes, and role model leading ability in the third-level indexes. The institution process of the evaluation index system in the research is scientific and reliable, which provides a theoretical reference for the evaluations of the education cultivation and professional abilities of students majoring in P.E. at Chinese universities.
The Impact of Covid 19 on School Administrators’ Leadership Attributes in Selected Schools in Jamaica
Authors: Boswell-Lewis Karla
Published: November 2022

Principals have been called upon to utilize their personal leadership resources in Jamaican schools during the novel Corona Virus pandemic. This crisis has forced a radical shift in the landscape of school leadership and management not only in Jamaica but globally. The purpose of this descriptive quantitative study was to ascertain the impact of Covid-19 on principals’ level of compassion and care, openness and communication, adaptiveness, resilience and courage, consultation and collaboration, empowerment, and decisiveness. Additionally, it sought to assess whether there were differences in these leadership attributes based on school level, region, and gender. A 24-item questionnaire developed and validated by Balasubramanian and Fernandes (2022) and achieved an overall Cronbach Alpha of .84 was used to collect data. The sample included 50 principals and vice principals selected conveniently from the 7 regions 18 completed and returned the questionnaire, 15 females and 3 males. The data were coded and imported into the SPSS, version 27, and were screened, cleaned, and analyzed using weighted means and standard deviations and MANOVA. The mean ranges for interpretation include: 1.00 – 2.33 = Low Attribute; 2.34 – 3.67 = Moderate Attribute and 3.68 – 5.00 = High Attribute. The results showed that the principal participants scored high on leadership attributes. These findings hold critical and practical lessons for handling future crises. They show that effective leaders in many schools can function effectively in a crisis given that the policy makers provide adequate guidance and regulations with a relevant resources. Keywords: Adaptiveness, Compassion and care, Consultation and collaboration, Empowerment and Decisiveness, Openness and Communication, Resilience, and Courage.
Assessment of Knowledge about Hygiene during Covid-19 Pandemic in Catchment Area of Kaziba Health Centre
Authors: Kweme Frederic Bontango
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Hygiene is an essential element of public health that could reduce transmission of several diseases and their consequences. In Sub-Saharan Africa, water and sanitation-related diseases are highly prevalent, causing illness, disease and even death. The main objective of this study is to assess knowledge about hygiene in context of Covid-19 in catchment area of Kaziba health centre from January to October 2021. Materials and Method: our study was descriptive and prospective cross-sectional. A random sampling was carried out to collect data through survey questionnaire with 384 participants. Data was captured in Excel spreadsheet and imported into SPSS for analysis. Results: 93.2% of households had heard about hygiene. 43.8% of households did not know correct definition of hygiene. 98.4% of households had a toilet within the courtyard which ¾ were traditional. 53.1% of toilets had cleaning material. 72.1% of households washed their hands using soap (50.5%). 68.5% of households did not know the WHO’s handwashing technique. 57.3% of households had running water. 61.2% of water well or fountain were protected. 37% of households disposed their wastewater in the public places. More than ¾ of heads of households knew waterborne diseases. Negligence of environmental sanitation was 79.2%. 66.4% of households suffered from poor hygiene-related diseases such as Covid-19 (6.5%). Conclusion: poor of knowledge about hygiene in the population of this catchment area due to the existence of certain diseases related to poor hygiene observed in our results. There is need to increase awareness channels on hygienic practices and environmental sanitation. Keywords: Covid-19, Household, Hygiene, health, Kaziba.
Gadolinium Distribution in the Kidney, Liver, and Heart of Wistar Rats after Administration of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents
Authors: Olumide Egbeyemi Oluwafemi
Published: November 2022

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an established non-invasive and non-destructive medical imaging modality for the assessment of various organ systems in the human body. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent (GBCA) enhanced and improved images from MRI and was believed to be entirely excreted through urine in normal kidney function within 24 hours after injection. Previous studies identified gadolinium accumulations in the brain, bones, and skin of animals. This study evaluated gadolinium retention in normal kidneys, Liver, and heart of Wistar rats after administration of GBCAs in male Wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats of ages ≥ 5 weeks or ≤ 6 weeks in 4 experimental and 1 control groups were studied. Ethical considerations were obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Nigeria. Samples in experimental groups each administered 2.5 mls of 4 different GBCAs, and the control group same per day of saline intravenously through the lateral tail for five days a week and continued for 4 weeks. The kidney, Liver, and Heart tissues of these samples were harvested 4 weeks after the last injection and sent for spectrometry evaluation. Samples in the control group had no gadolinium accumulation. Groups administered gadopentetate dimeglumine, and gadodiamide had greater cardiac metrics (0.397 and 0.390). The higher renal metric was experienced by samples that received dotarem and cyclolux (0.397 and 0.377), though the sample exposed to cyclolux reported more Liver metric (0.407) than other concentrations. Wistar rats’ Kidneys, Liver, and Heart retained gadolinium weeks after injection of GBCAs. Keywords: Dotarem and Cyclolux, Gadolinium, Gadodiamide, Gadopentetate dimenglumine, Magnetic resonance imaging.
Por uma perspectiva crítica e decolonial do direito: Do universalismo excludente ao pluriversalismo de resistência
Authors: Vitória Paulo Renato , Dornelles Carla Jeane Helfemsteller Coelho , Fonseca Isabela Andrade Coringa
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o direito moderno e suas premissas a partir de uma perspectiva crítica e decolonial. Através de uma metodologia analítica, de procedimento bibliográfico, realiza uma análise do papel institucional histórico e político da ciência do direito no âmbito da modernidade/colonialidade ocidental capitalista, para sustentar que nenhuma das duas vertentes filosóficas predominantes – positivismo e jusnaturalismo – coloca em questão a organização colonial do mundo, contribuindo inclusive para sua legitimação. Em que pese a independência formal das antigas colônias, tal organização colonial persiste até a atualidade através de relações econômicas, comerciais, financeiras, militares, políticas e culturais estruturalmente racistas e assimétricas, que são legitimadas e perpetuadas pelo direito. O artigo problematiza também a separação entre forma e conteúdo, característica do pensamento ocidental, e as pretensões de neutralidade e universalidade da ciência moderna. Por fim, reivindica a necessidade de se construir coletivamente uma perspectiva do direito coerente com um paradigma pluriversal e em diálogo com as lutas sociais.
Primera cita de Lestes dryas Kirby, 1890 (Odonata, Lestidae) para Bizkaia (País Vasco, España)
Authors: Asensio Ramiro
Published: November 2022

Se notifica por primera vez la presencia de Lestes dryas Kirby, 1890 (Odonata, Lestidae) en Bizkaia (País Vasco, España), a una altitud inusualmente baja para la especie (< 200 msnm), en Güeñes (Encartaciones). Con la presente primera cita ascienden a 47 especies (21 Zigópteros y 26 Anisópteros) las que componen el catálogo de odonatos de Bizkaia.
Application of neural network approach for modelling COD reduction from real refinery effluent by electrocoagulation
Authors: Madi Nor el houda , Chabani Malika , Bouafia-Chergui Souad , Zier Taha , Rechidi Youcef
Published: November 2022

The present study aims to investigate the feasibility of implementing the electrocoagulation (EC) process to treat Algiers refinery effluent. The electrocoagulation was performed by using scrap aluminum plate electrodes in monopolar-parallel mode. Several parameters, namely current density, reaction time, the electrolyte dose, and the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration were studied. The maximum removal of COD achieved was found to be 78.55%. Operating conditions at which maximum COD removal efficiencies were achieved at current density 8 mA/cm2, electrolyte dose 1 g/L, with 360 mg/L of initial COD concentration at working time of 40 min. An artificial neural network (ANN) was also utilized to determine predicted responses using neural networks for the 4-10-1 arrangement. The responses predicted by ANN were in alignment with the experimental results. The values of the determination coefficient (R2 = 0.978) and the root mean square error (RMSE = 21.28) showed good prediction results between the model and experimental data. Hence, the ANN model as a predictive tool has a great capacity to estimate the effect of operational parameters on the electrocoagulation process.
Convenient Synthetic Approaches for Novel Impurities of Propisochlor
Herbicide
Authors: Mohanta Prajna Parimita , Pati Hari Narayan , Behera Ajaya Kumar
Published: November 2022

A facile and convenient synthesis of two new and one known impurities of Propisochlor,
2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethanoyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-ethanamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-(2-
ethyl-6-methyl-phenyl)-N-(isopropxymethyl)-ethanamide and 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-
N-methylethanamide have been developed from the readily available 2-ethyl-6-
methylaniline precursor. All the synthesized impurities are characterized using 1H, 13C NMR and
mass spectra for their structural elucidation.
Fifty Years of Motor Vehicle Crashes in Saudi Arabia: A Way Forward
Authors: Bendak Salaheddine , Al-Shammari Naif , Kim In-Ju
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

This study involves an in-depth assessment of the state of traffic safety across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia over the last fifty years.

Methods:

A comprehensive dataset of 59 published peer-reviewed journal articles, as well as 212 government reports and official statistics, was collated and critically assessed to determine major factors affecting traffic safety in the country.

Results and Discussion:

Results reveal that some traffic safety indicators are still showing worsening trends despite the great efforts to improve road safety in Saudi Arabia, while few other areas have either stabilized or started showing some improvements over recent years. Findings also show that human losses (estimated to be 4.7% among all mortalities) and economic losses (estimated to be as high as $16b annually) are significantly higher than developed and most developing countries. Contributing factors to the high losses include risky behaviors of drivers and road users, speeding, unrestrained seatbelts, use of handheld electronic devices and/or mobile phones, high motor vehicle ownership rate, and others.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that various traffic safety indicators have been giving mixed signs in Saudi Arabia over the last fifty years, and a change in safety behavior among road users is needed along with new strategies to minimize motor vehicle crashes.
Paliperidone-benzamide Cocrystals: Preparation, Characterization, In
Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Rani Earle Radha , Radha Gadela Venkata
Published: November 2022

Background:

The current investigation contributes to the development of novel Paliperidone
(PPD) co-crystals (CCs) using benzamide (BZ) as a conformer. The CCs were synthesized using the solvent
evaporation technique.

Methods:

The enhancement in solubility was studied by saturation solubility studies. Structural characterization
of CCs was performed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction
(PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H- FT NMR) to verify CC formation.

Results:

CCs exhibited a higher aqueous solubility of 2.067±0.004mg/ml when compared to pure drug
0.473±0.012mg/ml. This designated aqueous solubility enhancement of CCs by 4.36 folds. In vitro dissolution
data of the CCs exhibited a drug release of 96.5±1.63% in 60min, while pure drug showed a poor
release of 37.8±1.76% in the same time period In vivo studies resulted in enhanced rate and extent of drug
absorption from CCs when compared to drug suspension.

Conclusion:

CCs formed between PPD and BZ present a novel approach in overcoming the hurdles in the
solubility of PPD that exhibits poor aqueous solubility.
Introduction to Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Damle Satyawan
Published: November 2022

Pediatric dentistry is the only speciality that has an abundance of knowledge
for the management and treatment of the oral health care needs of infants and children.
Pediatric dentistry concentrates on the integration of appropriate tactics and knowledge
of various specialities into a framework of quality oral health care for children. It is
necessary to implement procedures that are safe, comprehensive, accessible, affordable,
high quality, and respectful for children. The role of a Paediatric dentist is to promote
the dental health of children as well as serve as a resource person to the parents.
Teething in Children – Fact and Fiction
Authors: Balasubramanian Shruti , Sakhare Dhanashree
Published: November 2022

Teething is a natural process of eruption of the first deciduous teeth. Over
the years, teething has been blamed for a wide array of childhood illnesses. Hippocrates
(fourth century B.C) and others observed that teething was associated with fever,
convulsions, diarrhea, and inflammation of the gums. The association of teething with
infant mortality was popular in medieval times. By the twentieth century, the
controversy surrounding teething subsided and the morbid conditions initially
associated with teeth in infants were found to have other causes. It is assumed that the
inflammatory mediators present in the dental follicle are responsible for the local
symptoms of teething. The most frequent signs and symptoms associated with teething
are irritability, drooling, decreased appetite, sleeping problems, rhinorrhea, fever,
diarrhea, rash, and vomiting.
Lindley procedure and MCMC technique in Bayesian estimation for Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Arts-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Eissa Fathy H. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
Published: November 2022

In this study, a comparison between three methods for estimating unknown parameters of the Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution for different sample sizes of type II censoring data is presented. Specifically, we compare the behaviors of maximum likelihood estimates, Lindley and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimates as Bayesian estimates. We have not found any work on this topic after reviews of the literature except one with little information about the inference of this important distribution. The simplest form for Lindley approximation of the posterior mean is proposed and approximate closed forms of acceptable Bayes estimates for the models of multi-parameters such as Kumaraswamy Weibull distribution is derived. A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to investigate the performances of the proposed estimators. Finally, three real data examples are analyzed to illustrate the application possibility of the different proposed estimation methods. The results reveal that, although, good performance of the approximate forms of Lindley estimators, the estimators resulting in the MCMC technique are better in the sense of the mean squared errors.
Knowledge and Acceptability of the COVID-19 Vaccine Among Obstetricians and Gynecologists in Korea, and Factors Affecting Its Recommendation in the Pregnant Population
Authors: Choi Bo Yun , Yoon Heesu , Seong Won Joon , Cho Geum Joon , Na Sunghun , Jung Young Mi , Ko Hyun Sun , Park Joong Shin
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To analyze the overall knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers regarding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine recommendations for pregnant women and factors affecting these opinions in Korea.Methods: We conducted a nationwide survey study of obstetricians and gynecologists registered in the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The knowledge, attitude, and factors affecting COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women were investigated.Results: Among 258 participants, 182 (70.5%) answered that they recommended COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant women, while 76 (29.5%) answered that they did not. The administrative district of the physician's healthcare center and knowledge regarding adverse reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine were factors affecting opinions on vaccine recommendation. Physicians working in metropolitan cities were 7.3 times more likely to recommend COVID-19 vaccination to pregnant women than those working in Seoul. Physicians aware of the COVID-19 vaccine safety profiles in pregnant women were 25.36 times more likely to recommend vaccines than those who were not. A significantly higher proportion of the recommended group provided vaccine information to pregnant women compared to the nonrecommended group and also recommended booster shot vaccination. Guidelines from academic societies (70.9%) and from government and public centers (64.8%) were important factors in the recommendation group, while additional study results (57.1%) were important factors in the nonrecommendation group. This information will be useful for future reference regarding vaccine recommendations.Conclusion: Providing guidelines and recent data regarding COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant populations to healthcare providers will promote obstetricians and gynecologists to recommend vaccination to pregnant patients and will thereby contribute to achieving herd immunity in Korea.
A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of a Mobile Phone–Based Integrated HIV-Prevention Intervention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: Economic Evaluation
Authors: Yun Ke , Yu Jiaming , Liu Changyang , Zhang Xinxin
Published: November 2022

Background

Mobile phone–based digital interventions have been shown to be a promising strategy for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a mobile phone–based digital intervention for HIV prevention among MSM in China from the perspective of a public health provider.

Methods

The cost-effectiveness of the mobile phone–based digital intervention was estimated for a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 HIV-negative MSM who were followed for 1 year. A model was developed with China-specific data to project the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of two mobile phone–based digital strategies for HIV prevention among MSM. The intervention group received an integrated behavioral intervention that included 1) individualized HIV infection risk assessment, 2) recommendation of centers testing for HIV and other STIs, 3) free online order of condoms and HIV and syphilis self-test kits and 4) educational materials about HIV/AIDS. The control group was only given educational materials about HIV/AIDS. Outcomes of interest were the number of HIV infections among MSM averted by the intervention, intervention costs, cost per HIV infection averted by the mobile phone–based digital intervention, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Univariate and multivariate sensitivity analyses were also conducted to examine the robustness of the results.

Results

It is estimated that the intervention can prevent 48 MSM from becoming infected with HIV and can save 480 QALYs. The cost of preventing 1 case of HIV infection was US $2599.87, and the cost-utility ratio was less than 0. Sensitivity analysis showed that the cost-effectiveness of the mobile phone–based digital intervention was mainly impacted by the average number of sexual behaviors with each sexual partner. Additionally, the higher the HIV prevalence among MSM, the greater the benefit of the intervention.

Conclusions

Mobile phone–based digital interventions are a cost-effective HIV-prevention strategy for MSM and could be considered for promotion and application among high-risk MSM subgroups.
Screening the Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Utilizing Supervised Learning Techniques Based on Anthropometric Features and Snoring Events (Preprint)
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu , Liu Wen-Te , Hsu Wen-Hua , Majumdar Arnab , Stettler Marc , Lee Kang-Yun , Cheng Wun-Hao , Wu Dean , Lee Hsin-Chien , Kuan Yi-Chun , Wu Cheng-Jung , Ho Shu-Chuan
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is sleep-disordered breathing and is typically diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). However, PSG is time-consuming and has some clinical limitations.

OBJECTIVE

This study thus aimed to establish machine learning models to screen for the risk of having moderate-to-severe and severe OSA based on easily acquired features (e.g., symptoms or risk factors of OSA).

METHODS

This retrospective study collected data on 3629 patients from Taiwan, who had undergone PSG for symptoms of OSA. Their baseline characteristics, anthropometric measures, and PSG data were obtained. The number of snoring events of PSG was further derived, and correlations among the collected variables were investigated. Next, this study utilized six common supervised machine learning techniques to establish OSA risk screening models, including random forest (RF), XGBoost, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, logistic regression, and naïve Bayes. First, data were independently separated into a training and validation dataset (80%) and a test dataset (20%). The approach which had the highest accuracy in the training and validation phase was employed to perform the classification for the test dataset. Moreover, the feature importance of employed models was determined by calculating the Shapley value of every factor, which represented the impact on OSA risk screening.

RESULTS

RF models manifested the highest accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the training and validation phase in screening for both OSA severities (over 70% of accuracy and over 80% of AUC). Hence, we employed the RF to perform the classification of the independent test dataset, and results showed 79.32% accuracy for moderate-to-severe OSA and 74.37% accuracy for severe OSA. Next, snoring events and the visceral fat level were the most and second-most essential features of screening for OSA risk.

CONCLUSIONS

Snoring events and the visceral fat level were essential features of screening for OSA risk. Based on these easily assessed variables, this study established models that can be considered to apply for screening OSA risk in populations with similar craniofacial features.
Karakterisasi Staphylococcus aureus Isolat Susu Sapi Perah Berdasar Keberadaan Protein-A pada Media Serum Soft Agar terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Secara In Vitro
Authors: Lestari Fajar Budi , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia
Published: November 2022

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri penyebab utama mastitis. Protein-A berperan penting dalam adesi dan kolonisasi bakteri pada sel inang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fagositosis S. aureus berdasarkan keberadaan protein-A pada media serum soft agar. Sebanyak 19 isolat S. aureus susu sapi perah asal Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah digunakan pada penelitian ini. Seluruh isolat tersebut direidentifikasi dengan dipupuk pada media plat agar darah (PAD), koloni bakteri kemudian diidentifikasi dengan pewarnaan Gram, uji mannitol salt agar (MSA), katalase dan uji koagulase. Karakterisasi S.aureusdilakukan dengan menanam bakteri pada media serum soft agar (SSA) yang mengandung serum kelinci untuk mengetahui keberadaan protein-A, kemudian dilakukan uji fagositosis dengan menggunakan sel polimorfonuklear. Dari 19 isolat tersebut seluruhnya teridentifikasi sebagai S. aureus yang ditunjukkan dengan Gram positif, sel berbentuk kokus bergerombol, mampu memfermentasi manitol pada media MSA, positif pada uji katalase, 15,79% sampel menunjukkan hasil koagulase negatif, sedangkan 84,21% menunjukkan hasil koagulase positif. Pertumbuhan pada media SSA menunjukkan hasil 12 isolat (63,16%) koloni berbentukkompak dan 7 isolat (36,84%) koloni berbentuk difus. Koloni kompak menunjukkan bakteri tersebut memiliki protein-A, koloni difus menunjukkan bakteri tersebut tidak memiliki protein-A atau memiliki protein-A tetapi tertutup oleh kapsul. Hasil uji fagositosis menunjukkan S. aureus yang memiliki protein-A lebih sedikit difagosit oleh leukosit polimorfonuklear (2,99 bakteri/sel) dari pada S. aureus yang tidak memiliki protein-A, atau mempunyai protein-A tetapi tertutup oleh kapsul (3,85 bakteri/sel). Staphylococcus aureus yang memiliki protein-A lebih patogen daripada S. aureus yang tidak memiliki protein-A. Isolat S. aureus asal Jawa Tengah lebih virulen  dibandingkan isolat S. aureus asal Jawa Barat ditinjau dari sifat hemolisis, koagulase, dan  protein-A.
Gambaran Histopatologi Otak Tikus Akibat Injeksi Trimetyltin sebagai Model Penyakit Alzheimer
Authors: Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , Sitarina Widyarini Sitarina Widyarini , Kurniasih Kurniasih , Bambang Sutrisno Bambang Sutrisno , Charles Rangga Tabbu Charles Rangga Tabbu Charles Rangga Tabbu , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: November 2022

Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is an organotin compound which neurotoxic at limbus system and hippocampus in human and animal. Pathology changes that caused by the induction of TMT is a neurodegenerative disorder such as nerve cell death and cognitive impairment. This study was aimed to observe brain pathology induced by TMT with multiple doses for 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment. Twenty seven of Wistar rats, at 2 months of age with weight ranging between 200-300 grams were used and divided randomly into 3 groups (n=9). Group I were injected by trimetyiltin with a dose of 6 mg / kg, group II were injected bytrimetyltin with a dose of 8 mg / kg and group III as control without injection. Observation of brain pathology was done by euthanasia on day 14, 21 and 28 after treatment, three rats each. Cortex and hippocampus of the brainwere observed using Hematoxilin and Eosin staining (HE). All of the research procedure was done with the approval and supervision of Animal Ethics Committee LPPT UGM No. 300/KEC-LPPT/VII/2015. The observation of histopathology of the brain's neuron cells injected by trimetyltin dose of 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg body weight was showed increasing cell death of brain neurons in the cortex and hippocampus compared to the control group. The highest cell death was on day 14 in the hippocampus and cortex cerebral on day 21after TMT injection. The neuron cell death characterized by the shrink of brain neurons as well as colored eosinophilic cytoplasm. One way ANOVA statistical analysis showed a significant difference number of neurons cell deathbetween control and treatment groups. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the trimetyltin injection dose of 6 mg / kg and 8 mg / kg of body weight caused neuron cell death in the brain rats from fourteen day aftertreatment, especially in the hippocampus and cortex.
Keberadaan Anisakis typica (Anisakidae) dari Ikan Tongkol dan Ikan Layang dari perairan Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Hafid Muhammad Dusil , Anshary Hilal
Published: November 2022

Anisakis (L3-stage) is a parasitic nematode commonly found in marine fish or squid serve as intermediate or paratenic host. The purpose of this research was to identify Anisakis larvae using PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods. A total of 30 individuals of each species: bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) and Indian scad(Decapterus russeli) were examined for presence of Anisakis spp. Fish samples caught by fishermen around Mamuju waters were purchased at a fish market. The fish was necropsied and the organs: liver, intestine wall, heart and muscle were removed and put on separated petri dishes and examined for parasites under a stereo microscope. Anisakis found was cleaned and fixed in 70% alcohol. Initial identification was based on ventriculus shape and presence of mucron to distinguish Anisakis type I and Anisakis type II. All Anisakis found belong to Anisakis type I. Ten Anisakis type I were isolated, cleaned and stored in microfuge tubes containing 70% alcohol. The parasite gDNA was extracted using Wizard genomic DNA extraction and purification kit (Promega).Species of Anisakis was determined by PCR-RFLP at ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region using two restriction enzymes: Taq I and Hinf I and PCR-sequencing in mtDNA cox2 region. Analysis by PCR-RFLP showed that all Anisakis type Iexamined was in the same pattern as Anisakis typica. Sequencing in mtDNAcox-2 region and the phylogenetic analysis showed that all samples were in the same cluster as A. typica. Based on PCR-RFLP and sequencinganalysis, all Anisakis found in this study belong to A. typica.
Identifikasi Virus Avian Leukosis Sub Grup J pada Peternakan Ayam Petelur Komersial di Kabupaten Tangerang Tahun 2015
Authors: Hartawan Risza , Dharmayanti Ni Luh Putu Indi
Published: November 2022

Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is one of causing agents for neoplastic syndrome in commercial chicken farms. There are six sub groups of ALV in chicken including A, B, C, D and E. However, the sub group J (ALV-J) is the most alarmed and anticipated because of its severe economic repercussion. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of ALV-J in the commercial chicken farms in Tangerang District. Two identification methods were utilized including antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-ELISA) technique and nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (nRT-PCR) test. As results, the ac-ELISA test detected that most of 150 serum samples from 5 commercial layer farms were positive for ALV in about 86,67%. On the other hand, none of the 60 cloacal swab and 60 albumen samples was positive for presence ALV. Subsequently, testing of 45 serum samples from 5 farms using nRT-PCR showed that in about 20% of these samples were positive of ALV-J. These evidences indicated the circulation of ALV-J with other sub groups in thecommercial layer farms in Tangerang District.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION BACTERIA OF CLINICAL MASTITIS ON ETTAWAH CROSSBRED GOAT
Authors: Suwito Widodo , Wahyuni A.E.T.H. , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Sumiarto Bambang
Published: November 2022

ABSTACT Ettawah crossbred goat (PE) IS much more usefull to milk goat produce. One of constraints in milk goat is clinical mastitis. Clinical mastitis is economic inflict a financial lost because stopped of milk production, high cost of treatment, and even cause death. The aim of the present study was to determine the kind bacteria that can cause clinical mastitis in PE. A total of 13 clinical mastitis milk and water used to wash the six udder samples were collected from dairy PE farms. All samples were subjected  for isolation and identification of bacteria based on biochemical reactions. From the clinical mastitis milk samples, bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (55.55%), Pseudomonas sp (27.77%), Streptococcus sp (8.3%) and Bacillus sp (8.33%). Whereas, Pseudomonas sp (77.77%) and Bacillus sp (22.23%) were isolated from the water used to wash the udder. The study showed that more clinical mastitis in PE caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Water use to wash the udder was source of Pseudomonas sp causing clinical mastitis in PE.
Ovulatory Follicular Dynamics After Estrus Synchronization Using Intravaginal Progesterone Implant in Dairy Cows
Authors: Putro Prabowo Purwono
Published: November 2022

Abstract The study aimed to follow ovulatory follicular dynamics and plasma progesterone profile after estrus synchronization using progesterone intravaginal implant CIDR and its combination with PGF2a and GnRH. A total of 15 non-pregnant dairy cows, 4-5 years of age, healthy and reproductively sound were divided into 3 treatment groups. Treatment 1, CIDR implant was inserted intravaginally for 9 days (CIDR); treatment 2, given CIDR and 250 mg GnRH intramuscularly at implant removal (CIDR + GnRH); treatment 3, CIDR and 25 mg PGF2a at day 7 of implant insertion (CIDR + PGF2a). Transrectal ultrasonographic examination using real time, B-mode, with 7.5 MHz transducer was performed everyday for 12 days to follow ovulatory follicular dynamics. Blood plasma was taken every day for progesterone determination using EIA technique. Data were tested using analysis of variance and correlation analysis. The result indicated that CIDR implant was a potent agent for estrus synchronization with the onset of estrus was 66.18 + 03.42 hours after its removal. The addition of GnRH resulted the highest ovulatory growth rate following the implant removal (1.67 + 0.17a, 1.93 + 0.13b dan 1.53 + 0.20a mm/day, P < 0.05). Insertion of CIDR hampered dominant follicular development and its removal caused rapid follicular growth and followed by ovulation. Its insertion resulted steady increase in plasma progesterone levels and its removal resulted in sudden decrease in the hormonal levels, induced ovulatory follicular development, followed by estrus and ovulation. The CIDR implant also inhibited luteal growth, caused no effect of PGF2a administration on decrease of plasma progesterone levels. Addition of GnRH at the time of CIDR removal enhanced the highest rate of ovulatory follicular growth.
Blood Profile of Wistar Rats due to Subcronic Condition Caused by Sodium Nitrite
Authors: Widyastuti Dyah Ayu
Published: November 2022

Abstract Nowadays, chemicals used as food additives are increasing. One of the chemicals commonly used is sodium nitrite (NaNO2 ). Sodium nitrite is found in sausage and another meat product. Sodium nitrite is used as  food preservative agent. But, the presence of NaNO2 can influence blood cells ability to carry oxygen. It causes  anemia and forms nitrosamines, carcinogenic agents. This research is purposed to know blood profiles of Wistar rats on subchronic condition caused by NaNO2 . The research was done for 3 months as subchronic time. Twenty  seven Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, control group (K), first group (P1) treated by NaNO2 with dose of  11,25 mg/kg bodyweight/day, and second group (P2) treated by NaNO2 with dose of 22,50 mg/kg  bodyweight/day. Blood samples were collected from orbital sinus and tested once a week for hematological parameters, including white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), lymphocyte level, and neutrophil level. The data were analyzed with ANOVA using SPSS 16 program for Windows and the blood profiles alteration were seen. The results from this study showed there were no significant differences among the blood profiles of Wistar rats treated by NaNO2 with dose of 11,25 mg/kg 2 bodyweight/day and dose of 22,50 mg/kg bodyweight/day compared to that of the control group, except WBC values at subchronic condition at dose of 22,50 mg/kg bodyweight/day which decreased 23,46%. The NaNO 2 could not influence the blood profiles of rats treated by NaNO2 subchronically.
Morphological Characterization and genetic Diversity of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) Crossbreeding Result from Samas, Bone, and Sintetis Populations
Authors: . Trijoko , Nur Handayani Niken Satuti , Feranisa Anggun
Published: November 2022

Abstract In Indonesia, research for the prime seed of Macrobrachium rosenbergii crossbreeding is rarely done. The aims of this study are to study F1's morphological character and genetic diversity from the result of crossbreeding between M.rosenbergii Samas, Bone, and Sintetis populations. In this study, genetic characterization was known by using PCR RAPD method utilizes three primers and morphological characterization. Data were analysed with UPGMA algorithm and Simple Matching coefficient that were presented in dendrogram. F1's coefficient heterosis was counted based on ratio from the average of cephalothorax and abdoment lenght and also ratio from the average of standard length of charapax and the average of abdomen length. The results showed that there was a very high genetic diversity in F1 population. The specific locus was found in individuals from Sintetis and Samsam populations.100% Polimorfism was found from F1's DNA amplification result, meanwhile monomorphism 50% was found from parent's DNA amplification result on OPA 20. The highest F1 heterosis was found in Samas and Sintetis genotipe.
Molecular Detection of Taura Syndrome Virus Infections in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Giant Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)
Authors: Willisiani Fariha , Rohmah Nur , Rahmawati Irma Nur , Wijayanti Nastiti
Published: November 2022

Abstract Giant prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) are types of shrimp that became excellent commodities in the fisheries sector. However, one of the obstacles in the vaname shrimp aquaculture is a disease caused by the infection of Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV). One of the consequence of raising the vaname shrimp in Indonesia is the possibility of spreading TSV infection in another shrimp species. TSV infection in giant prawns in Indonesia has not been reported. The aims of this study were: 1. To determine the resistance of giant prawns toward TSV infection and 2. To detect molecularly using RT-PCR technique the presence of viruses TSV on vaname shrimp or giant prawns infected with 3 different doses (0.05 ml; 0.10 ml and 0.15 ml) of TSV inoculum using a pair of specific primers for TSV 9992F (5'-AAG CTT GCG TAG ACA GCC-3') and 9195R (5'-TCA AGA ATG GCT TCC TGG-3'). The research results showed that vaname shrimp mortality infected by 0.05 ml; 0.10 ml and 0.15 ml TSV inoculums were 14.28%, 42.86%, and 57.14%, respectively. Whereas the giant prawns mortality that were infected using the same dose of TSV inoculums were 0%, 8.33%, and 8.33%, respectively. Positive result was detected molecularly only from haemolymph of vaname shrimp infected using 0.15 ml of TSV inoculum. On the other hand, positive results were detected in pleopod and the gill of vaname shrimp infected using 0.05 ml; 0.10 ml or 0.15 ml of TSV inoculums. In giant prawns, infection using 3 different doses of TSV inoculums causes negative result molecularly. Based on all of the facts, it can be concluded that, giant prawns has the higher resistance to TSV infection than that of vaname shrimp.
Distribusi Epitelium Olfaktorius Pada Hidung Kalong Kapauk (Pteropus Vampyrus) dan Lasiwen Deignan (Myotis Horsfielddii)
Authors: Budipitojo Teguh , Paula Yosephin Nicolory
Published: November 2022

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Perubahan Fungsi hepar dan Ekskresi C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Pasca Operasi Laparatomi
Authors: Aji Dhirgo
Published: November 2022

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Efek Pemberian Plumbum (Timah Hitam) Anorganik Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Hariono Bambang
Published: November 2022

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Kadar Progesteron Normal pada Sapi Perah Impor Estrus dan Sapi Potong Lokal Estrus yang Dipelihara di Dataran Rendah
Authors: Hana Amelia
Published: November 2022

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Pengaruh Pemberian Prostaglandin F-2 alpha dan Methilergometrin Terhadap Timbulnya estrus setelah Beranak Pada Sapi Perah
Authors: Prihatno Surya Agus
Published: November 2022

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The Influence of Kebar Grass Infuse to Mice (Mus musculus) Spermatogenesis
Authors: Lefaan Paula Nency
Published: November 2022

This study was aim to examine the effect of grass infusion kebar (Biophytum petersianum) to increase the activity of spermatogenesis in male mice. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Botany University Discourse Kristen Duta Yogyakarta, Laboratory of Experimental Animal Care Unit and Unit III LPPT Gadjah Mada University in April 2009 to May 2009 using Swiss strain male mice aged 2.5 months as many as 25 tails, which are grouped in 5 groups treated with different concentrations, 0% (control), 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% for 30 days, 2 times a day at a dose of 0.5 ml each time. Results of TLC method proves that these plants contain three types of chemical compounds that could potentially impact the process of spermatogenesis, ie, saponins, flavonoids and tannins. The analysis showed an increase in activity with increasing concentrations of spermatogenesis up to a concentration of 5% (spermatogonia: 226, primary spermatocytes: 227, secondary spermatocytes: 377, spermatids: 302) with a significant value of 0.432. Yet, at a concentration of 10% actually decreased spermatogenesis activity due to negative feedback. Conclusion: Infuse kebar grass proved to increase the activity of spermatogenesis, but at concentrations that are too high can cause a decrease in spermatogenesis activity.
ANALYSIS OF COLFFORM BACTERIA IN THE WELL WATER AND ITS POSSIBLE BIOPATHOLOGIC EFFECTS
Authors: Wuryastuti Hastari , Wasito R , Chalimah Siti , Andayani Sri , Indraswati Yuni , Lestariyadi Leksono , K Prapti , Amien Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Coliform is a Gram-negative, rod shape bacteria Some strains, especially Escherichia coli can cause diarrhea among animals aad humans. Contamination of water whith pathogenic E. coli has been associated with this disease in animals and humans.In the present study, coliform bacteria were determined with most probable number (MPN) method cultured on lactose broth and brillian green bile broth. Results indicated that the well water samples collected from the areas of Karangmalang, Sungai Code and Deresan had 150 coliform/100 ml, 210 coliform/100 ml and 460 coliform/l00 ml, respectively. Whereas, standard number of coliform organisms in drinking water recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) is 10 coliform/100 ml and is 1 E. coli/100 ml. Therefore, based on the present study, the coliform organisms content in the well water is for above its normal level value as recommended by WHO. Use of the water for daily consumption, especially as drinking water needs to be a great concern
IMMUNOGENICITY AND PROTECTIVITY OF THE OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN BANDS OF PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA ISOLATE U-6
Authors: Mulyadi Ignatius , Asmara Widya , Sardjono B.
Published: November 2022

The most immunogenic and protective fraction of outer membrane proteins of Pasieurella multacida has not well understood. This study was done to find our the immunogenicity and protectivity of outer membrane protein fractions of Pasteurella multicida isolat U-6 in mice. The organism was cultured in Luria Bertani broth. The outer membrane proteins were prepared according 10 Snipes et al., (1988), Electrophoresis of the protein was carried out in 10% of sodium dodecy 1-su I ph ale poly cry 1 amide gel electrophoresis, and stained with 0.3% Coomasie brilliant blue. The result indicated that there arc many protein bands with 5 major protein bands, those are having molecular weight of 20,1 kilo Dalton (kD), 27 kD, 36 kD, 52,7kD,and75 kD. Each protein bandof molecular weight of 27 kD, 36kD,and75kD was then cut, and homogenised, and was used as antigen to immunise the mice after added with adjuvant 1:1. Two weeks after immunisation all of the mice were bled and the sera were tested by ELISA. FourtyeigM hours from bleeding, ail of the immunised and control mice were challenged with 500 colony forming unit of virulent Pasteurefla mutticida isolate U-6, and observed their mortality. The result indicated thai the outer membrane protein bands of molecular weight of 36 kD and 75 kD were immunogenic (P>0,05), while the outer membrane protein band of 27 kD was less immunogenic (P>0.05), Band with moleculer weight of 27 kD produced 0% protection, bandof 36 kD produced 60% protection, and band of 75 kD produced 40% protection of mice challenged.