bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH VISKOSITAS BBM, JARAK DAN KECEPATAN PEMOMPAAN TERHADAP PERFORMA TEKANAN HIDROLIK INJEKTOR MESIN DIESEL
Authors: Prihatin Joko Yunianto , Amin Irvan Saputra Al Amin , Pambudi Slamet , Karminto Karminto
Published: November 2023

Standar emisi Euro-4 bagi kendaraan bermotor atau menerapkan sistem bahan bakar injeksi. Kualitas injektor hanya bisa diketahui dengan alat nozzle tester. Permasalahan utama adalah data tekanan hasil pengetesan pada nozzle tester saat sebelum dan setelah dilakukan servis tersebut menjadi acuan terhadap kesesuaian kualitas pengkabutan bahan bakar buku manual mesin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui performa tekanan minimal dan maksimal injektor diesel. Metode yang diterapkan adalah memberikan variasi jenis Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM), jarak pemompaan dan interval pemompaan pada alat nozzle tester dengan desain eksperimen OA L4. Hasil yang dicapai adalah nilai maksimal tekanan kerja pada jack nozzle tester adalah 145 kg/cm2 dan minimal 126,6 kg/cm2. Komposisi ke-1 dengan variasi viskositas BBM solar, jarak penuh 24 cm, kecepatan penekanan tuas 10 kali/menit yang menghasilkan tekanan kerja maksimal. Sedangkan, tekanan minimal berada pada komposisi ke-4 dengan variasi viskositas BBM dexlite, jarak penuh 12 cm, kecepatan penekanan tuas 15 kali/menit. Sehingga alat ini bermanfaat dalam menentukan kualitas injektor diesel menggunakan teknik pengembangan dongkrak hidrolik botol.
Market Information Seeking Behaviour of Rural Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: R.K. Isiaka , S.O. Yusuff , J.O. Jawando
Published: November 2023

On the premise that stakeholders in rural farmers development must understand the appropriate means of passing relevant information to farmers, this study examined the main sources of market information among rural farmers in Ogun State. It uses questionnaires to obtain quantitative and qualitative information relating to sources of marketing information, means of selling produce, place for selling produce, place for buying input and whether rural farmers in Ogun State do have up-takers for their produce. The study made use of purposive sampling of Ifo block, Simawa block, Ala block and Ado-Odo block to represent farmers from Abeokuta, Ikenne, Ijebu-Ode and Ilaro zones respectively. The results on the sources of market information were that 27.3% get marketing information from other farmers, 24.7% get information through personal enquiry, 7.3% through radio, 7.5% through buyers, 0.4% from TV, 13.7% through extension agents, 17.5% from farmers meeting and 1.5% through social media. The study concludes that rural farmers in Ogun State get market information from multiple sources. The dominant sources are other farmers, personal enquiry, extension agents and farmers meeting. The study recommends that useful information to farmers by relevant stakeholders should be through multiple choices and should include the use of extension agents and farmers' meetings.
DFT and Molecular Docking Investigations Curcuminoid to Tribolium castaneum Telomerase Enzyme
Authors: F. Maahury Mirella , R. Sohilait Mario , A. Martoprawiro Muhamad , D. Kharisma Viol , Listiyani Priscilla , N. M. Ansori Arif , L. Utami Santika , P. Nugraha Alexander , Rosadi Imam , S. Mandeli Riso , A. Ghiffari Muhammad , T. Albari Muhammad , R. Ghiffari Muhammad , Zainul Rahadian
Published: November 2023

The natural curcumin (Curcuminoid) is an anticancer compound. DFT and molecular docking curcuminoid to Tribolium castaneum telomerase were performed for curcumin (C), demethoxycurcumin (DC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDC) in two structures, diketone (dk) and keto-enol (ke). Curcuminoid as inhibitor have optimized in gas phase used DFT/B3LYP. Optimized structure of curcuminoids conducted unplanarity for diketone and planarity for keto-enol. The HOMO-LUMO of curcuminoid spread mostly in entire molecule. Three compounds of curcuminoid could dock to active side of Tribolium castaneum telomerase. Binding energy of the diketone structure has lower energy than keto-enol structure. The binding energy of the diketone structure for the three compounds is between -7.5 to -7.7kcal/mol. This molecular docking shows intermolecular interaction between curcuminoid and active side of Tribolium castaneum telomerase dominated by hydrogen bonding. Curcuminoid diketone has potency as an inhibitor to Tribolium castaneum telomerase.
Structure Analysis and Antimicrobial property of Tinospora cordifolia leaves extract
Authors: S Tharani , I Mathusree , S Y Pradeepa , S Sreeraj , Nair Divya , J Bindhu
Published: November 2023

Introduction: A review of pharma and chemical constituents found in the various part of Tinospora is given in the present articles. Tinospora cortisol is also commonly known as Guduchi is known for the application of treatment of many diseases in the ayurvedic literature. T.cordifolia is the best for those children who are all suffering from respiratory tract infection. The review of the present article shows all the updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities which are performed by different methods. It also shows possesses antioxidant, antibacterial and also shows hepatoprotective properties. Objective: The main objective was to study the qualitative preliminary analysis of Tinospora cordifolia. It is a well-known medicinal plant with lots of medicinal properties. Identifying the active compounds and their role from this plant leads its importance. Methods: It shows all the updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological activities which are performed by different methods by extracting leaves of T.cordifoliato perform phytochemical tests, Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and antimicrobial test. And the results showed variety of active components derived from the plant like alkaloids, steroids, aliphatics, and glycoside etc. Where Antimicrobial property was also performed with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Results: Laboratory studies shows that plant used for treatment of cold, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, fever and showed significant anticancer activity. Conclusion: T.cordifoliain drug industry as a cure to many life threatening diseases, Scientist are using phytodiversity to produce nanoparticles which plays an important role in drug delivery, diagnostic imaging, sensing, gene delivery.
Screening of Compounds in Temu Ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) as Tuberculosis drug using Bioinformatics Design
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , F. Dibha Alyaa , D. Kharisma Viol , A. Murtadlo Affan , Ansori A. N. M. , H. Widyananda Muhammad , Rebezov Maksim , Burkov Pavel , Derkho Marina , Scherbakov Pavel , Maksimiuk Nikolai , Miftakhutdinov Alevtin , Zainul Rahadian
Published: November 2023

Temu ireng (C. aeruginosa Roxb.) is a rhizome plant that is well known among Indonesians as a type of herbal plant due to the presence of bioactive compounds with numerous benefits. One of them is to act as an anti-bacterial agent. Tuberculosis is a symptomatic chronic condition triggered by a bacterial infection of the lungs in humans. The goal of this study was to use a bioinformatic technique to identify probable substances from C. aeruginosa Roxb. as a TB drug. C. aeruginosa Roxb. compounds' pharmacokinetics and druglikeness function Antibacterial activity was calculated using SwissADME analysis, antibacterial activity using QSAR analysis, and interaction between compounds and the protein crystal structure of M. tuberculosis using molecular docking interpretation. The 1.8-cineole compound's analytical results reached Lipinski's rule of five and demonstrated great ADMET modeling as a future drug nominee. This is supported by QSAR analysis, which demonstrates that 1.8-cineole can act as an antituberculosic. Besides this, the docking binding energy of 1.8-cineole was -4.20 kcal/mol following the molecular identification, suggesting that the bonds formed were quite constant.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CEFTRIAXONE AND MEROPENEM IN THE TREATMENT OF ENTERIC FEVER IN CHILDREN- EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Afridi Jan Muhammad , Sabahat Amir  , Sana Pervez  , Rahman Syed Kaleem Ur
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of ceftriaxone and Meropenem in the treatment of Enteric Fever in the Pediatric Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Child Health Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar Pakistan from June 2020 to June 2022. The sample size included 392 patients. Keeping in view 392 blood samples were taken and sent for blood culture. Both positive and negative cultures were incorporated in the study. The patients were started empirically on ceftriaxone and then in case of no response, the patients were shifted to Meropenem based on the sensitivity of the culture report. The response was defined as when the patient is afebrile for 72 hours after the treatment and the absence of complications like peritonitis, intestinal hemorrhage, and obtundation.  Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.
 
RESULTS: In our study, out of 392 patients, 64% were males while 36% were females. Among blood cultures sent, 16.8% were positive and 83.2% were negative. Among the culture positive, 10.5% of patients were sensitive to Meropenem, 3.6% were sensitive to ceftriaxone and 2.8% were sensitive to other drugs. 60.7% of patients responded to Meropenem. Ceftriaxone-responsive patients were 11.7%, while 27.6% showed a response to other drugs.
CONCLUSION:
The efficacy of Meropenem was significantly high (in 2/3rd patients) while Ceftriaxone showed 11.73% efficacy.
KEYWORDS: Enteric fever, ceftriaxone, Meropenem
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF THE ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF AUTISTIC AND NON-AUTISTIC CHILDREN AFTER FULL MOUTH REHABILITATION UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Aswad Noor AL , Abushanan AlWaleed , Ali Saqib
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To compare the parental perceptions of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) of autistic and non-autistic children after full mouth rehabilitation under general anesthesia (GA).
Methods and Materials: The study included 114 autistic children and 116 children without autism. Two years after receiving therapy under GA, participating parents completed a condensed version of the Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) and Family Impact Scale (FIS).  Demographic data was collected. Oral symptoms, social health, psychology, functional limitation, and family affect ratings. Mean, standard deviation and statistical differences between groups were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Children with autism received higher overall P-CPQ scores than children without autism, according to the frequency distribution of the P-CPQ for parental perception when children with and without autism were compared. In all four domains, when scores were compared according to the domain, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores. According to the FIS frequency distribution, children with autism had higher total FIS scores than children without the condition. The change was not statistically significant, though. Only parental emotions showed a statistically significant difference when scores were examined by domain.
Conclusion: Children with autism and children without autism score the same on the P-CPQ, indicating that the impact of comprehensive rehabilitation under GA is positive for both types of children. Parent emotions may not change immediately following the complete rehabilitation under GA which may be required to be handled separately to boost the confidence of the patient.
Keywords: Autistic, children, general anesthesia, parents, perception
Effectiveness of Utilizing an Evidence-Based Clinical Skill Platform in Critical Care Nursing Course: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Et. al. Leena Khonji
Published: November 2023

Background: In today's nursing education, incorporating innovative teaching pedagogies is highly valued, including the utilization of online clinical skills platforms. This study compared the effectiveness of the Clinical Skills platform, an evidence-based e-learning tool, with traditional face-to-face lab demonstration sessions. Methods: A quasi-experimental research study was conducted in the Nursing College, King Khaled University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A convenient sample of 50 students enrolled in the critical care nursing course were divided into two groups: the intervention group utilized the Clinical Skills platform, while the control group received face-to-face lab sessions. Pre-posttest knowledge test for 10 skills were done. Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation (OSCE) were conducted to evaluate skill acquisition as well. Results: A significant improvements in students’ knowledge regarding the ten critical care nursing skill practices as p-value ranged from p=0.042 to p<0.001.  Additionally, the intervention group obtained higher percent scores in the OSCE 96% compared to in 80% the control group. Students reported a positive perception of the usability of clinical skill platforms where 84% of the students agreed or strongly agreed that incorporating the Clinical Skills platform was beneficial for their learning experience. In conclusion, these findings support the idea that innovative teaching pedagogies, such as the Clinical Skills platform, enhance the effectiveness of clinical nursing education. This comprehensive and user-friendly platform promotes skill development, active learning, and improved student performance in critical care nursing.
From the Great Nationalism to Narrower Ethnonationalism in Post-1991 Ethiopian Federalism: Counter Narrative Advent of the Amhara Ethnic Nationalist Movements Sibuh Gebeyaw Tareke Department of Political Science and International Studies Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Email: sibuh2003@gmail.com
Authors: Tareke Sibuh Gebeyaw
Published: November 2023

Ethiopia is a multiethnic and multi-linguistic state. The country's political history has shown that it has been an empire state since ancient times. However, its diverse ethnic groups existed together as Ethiopian nationalists. Following the introduction of the socialist-oriented federal state in 1991, ethnonational movements took place in Ethiopian politics. The 1995 FDRE constitution gives the sovereign power to "nations, nationalities, and peoples" to maintain unity along with diversity. It also created ethnic federalism-based territorial units to liberate other ethnic groups from the past Amhara 'Neftegna' domination system. However, the recognition of these rights has promoted ethnonationalism rather than Ethiopianism. And also creates a tendency in other regions as Amharans have historically oppressed the different ethnic groups. Thus, the Amhara people who live in other areas have been discriminated against. This phenomenon has intensified the advent of Amhara nationalist movements. This study explores the theoretical frameworks of ethnonationalism and federalism. It also examined the causes and impacts of the deterioration of Ethiopianism and the advent of the Amhara nationalist movements in the case study areas. In the end, it provides mechanisms to maintain unity along with diversity in future Ethiopia.
Biochar in copper reduction in black beans and soil decontamination
Authors: Fontanive Daniel Erison , Rafaele Domenico Marcelo , Andreola Daiane Sartori , Stumm Juliano de Oliveira , Serafini Rafaela Fátima , Silva Danni Maisa da , Luz Felipe Bonini da , Ros Clovis Orlando da , Silva Rodrigo Ferreira da
Published: November 2023

O cobre em elevada concentração no solo, causa toxidez nas plantas, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de estudos que reduzam, ou imobilizem esse elemento. Nesse sentido, o biocarvão poderia ser uma alternativa para a imobilização de cobre no solo, visando menores teores deste elemento na biomassa e nos grãos do feijão preto (Phaseolus vulgaris) utilizado para consumo humano. Contudo, há variações na reatividade do biocarvão em decorrência do seu material de origem e tempo de pirólise. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito do biocarvão de eucalipto na disponibilidade de cobre no solo e nos teores em feijão cultivado em solo contaminado. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 5 × 2, sendo cinco doses de biocarvão (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 e 2% mm-1 de solo seco), solo sem e com adição de cobre (1.000 mg kg-1 de solo seco), com oito repetições. Avaliou-se o teor de cobre disponível no solo, teor de cobre na raiz, na parte aérea e no grão do feijão; índice de clorofila e fatores de bioconcentração e de translocação de cobre na planta. O biocarvão derivado de resíduos de eucalipto diminui a disponibilidade de cobre em solo contaminado. Os teores de cobre na raiz, parte aérea e nos grãos de Phaseolus vulgaris são reduzidos com a aplicação de biocarvão no solo, mantendo-se nos grãos, a partir da dose 1,66% mm-1, abaixo do limite máximo tolerável pela legislação brasileira.
Initial establishment of Erythrina velutina Willd seedlings under water deficit: physiological and biochemical aspects
Authors: Almeida Débora Teresa da Rocha Gomes Ferreira de , Silva Monalisa Alves Diniz da , Gonçalves Edilma Pereira , Almeida Freds Fernando Alves de , Silva Júlio César de Almeida , Rodrigues Caroline Marques , Viana Jeandson Silva
Published: November 2023

For plant species to establish and survive in semiarid regions, such as the Caatinga plant domain, they need to present biochemical versatility. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate through physiological and biochemical indicators the sensitivity of seeds and seedlings of Erythrina velutina Willd to water deficit, as this species is used in the recovery of degraded areas in the Brazilian semiarid region. The seeds were submitted to five osmotic potentials (-0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4; and -0.5 MPa), evaluating the percentage of germination (normal seedlings), germination speed index, length of aerial parts and root system, total dry mass, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a, b, and carotenoids) in aerial parts and root system, soluble carbohydrates and proteins, proline, and the enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase. The water deficit reduced the germination speed index and percentage, aerial parts and root length, aerial parts and root dry mass, and photosynthetic pigment content in seedlings; however, there was an increase in the levels of total carbohydrate, proline, and protein, and a reduction in superoxide dismutase. The water potential from -0,4 MPa was a limiting factor for the seedling and/or seedling formation process. The direct sowing of E. velutinawould only be indicated up to the potential of -0,3 MPa for the regeneration of degraded areas in semiarid regions. The species in the seedling formation stage present less biochemical plasticity to overcome limiting conditions of water availability.
ПРИВЕРЖЕННОСТЬ К ТЕРАПИИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТОНИЕЙ (ОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯ)
Authors: МУХТАРХАНОВА Д.М. , БЕРКИНБАЕВ С.Ф. , ДЖУНУСБЕКОВА Г.А. , ТУНДЫБАЕВА М.К.
Published: November 2023

Актуальность: Заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы занимают ведущее место среди причин инвалидизации и смертности. По данным ВОЗ в 2016 году доля смертей от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний составила 31% всех случаев [(1)]. Самым распространённым из них является артериальная гипертония. Цель: Оценка уровня приверженности и причин её снижения или отсутствия, а также методов её оценки. Метод исследования: Анализ литературы с использованием баз данных Medline и PubMed с 2010 по 2022 год. Выводы: Распространённость артериальной гипертонии в мире составляет около 34% [(2)]. А в Казахстане, в частности, в городе Алматы и Алматинской области, по данным Научно-исследовательского института кардиологии и внутренних болезней – 35,8% [(3)]. Артериальная гипертония ежегодно определяет 200 миллионов случаев инвалидизации, являясь сильнейшим фактором риска развития осложнений: инсульт, инфаркт миокарда, сердечная недостаточность, хроническая болезнь почек [(4)]. Несмотря на доступность антигипертензивных препаратов, функционирование Программ Управления Заболеваниями, школ здоровья достижение контроля артериального давления не превышает 50% в мире и 20% в Казахстане [(5)]. Основные причины: низкая комплаентность пациентов к терапии и инерция врачей в отношении её назначения и коррекции. Понимание категорий факторов, способствующих несоблюдению режима лечения, полезно для управления и повышения контроля артериальной гипертонии.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЦИРРОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МЕЗЕНХИМАЛЬНЫХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК
Authors: АХАЕВА Т.А. , ЖУСУПОВА Г.Д. , ГУРЦКАЯ Г.М. , САКУОВ Ж.Н. , МУСАЖАНОВА Ж. , АРАЛБАЕВА А.Н. , СЕЙТАЛИЕВА А.М.
Published: November 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию влияния мезенхимальных стволовых клеток полученных из жировой ткани на парехиму печени животных с моделью цирроза, вызванным в ходе хронической интоксикации четыреххлористым углеродом. Заболевания печени наиболее широко распространенные расстройства, имеющие тяжелые последствия для организма в терминальной стадии. Лечение таких болезней данного органа, как цирроз, гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома подразумевает его трансплантацию. Однако современными исследованиями показано, что использование стволовых клеток разного генеза, в том числе и из адипозной ткани может оказывать положительное действие на процессы регенерации гепатоцитов. Целесообразность применения аллогенных и аутологичных клеток спорно. В нашем исследовании было проведено сравнение морфологических и гистологических изменений в паренхиме печени при циррозе и при его лечении аутологичными и аллогенными стволовыми клетками. Как показали эксперименты, применение адипозных мезенхимальных стромальных клеток обладает положительным эффектом и способствует восстановлению органа, что показано при помощи гистологических исследований. На препаратах обнаружны признаки снижения интенсивности воспалительноо процесса, изменение характера дистрофии гепатоцитов, сокращение числа некротических очагов в паренхиме, некоторое восстановление ткани подверженной фиброзу, активации регенеративных процессов. Однако в результате работы также выявлено, что аутологичные стволовые клетки имеют более интенсивное воздействие на поврежденную ткань органа по сравнению с препаратом из аллогенных стволовых клеток.
ҚЫЗЫЛОРДА ЖӘНЕ ОРАЛ ҚАЛАСЫ БОЙЫНША 65 ЖАСТАН АСҚАН АДАМДАР АРАСЫНДАҒЫ ПОЛИПРАГМАЗИЯ МӘСЕЛЕЛЕРІН САЛЫСТЫРУ
Authors: ЕРМУХАНОВА Л.С. , АБДИКАДИРОВА И.Т. , ШАИКОВА К.М. , САРСЕНБАЕВА Г.Ж. , ДИЛЬМАГАМБЕТОВА Г.С. , БЕЙСЕНБАЕВ Т.П.
Published: November 2023

Мақалада бірнеше дәрі-дәрмектерді негізсіз бір мезгілде қолдану, ұтымды фармакотерапия қағидаттары қарастырылады. Қазіргі кезде, бір жағынан науқастың жағдайын сауықтыра алатын, екінші жағынан денсаулыққа айтарлықтай зиян келтіретін көптеген дәрі-дәрмектерді жасау саласы қарқынды дамуда. Дүниежүзінде қарт адамдардың көбеюі көптеген аурушаңдықтың өсуіне әкеледі. Көптеген аурушаңдықтың өсуі және бірқатар созылмалы ауруларға арналған аралас терапияны қолдайтын мәліметтер қорының кеңеюі қарт адамдарда полипрагмазияның (бірнеше препараттарды қолдану) жиі болатынын білдіреді.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ: ПАЦИЕНТ С ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ СЕРДЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬЮ И ТРОМБОМ В ПОЛОСТИ ЛЕВОГО ЖЕЛУДОЧКА
Authors: ЕГОРОВА Е.В. , ИБРАГИМОВА И.Н. , НУРАХОВА А.Д. , УМРАЛИЕВА А.А.
Published: November 2023

У больных с хронической сердечной недостаточностью и сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка имеется склонность к повышенному тромбообразованию в полостях сердца, что часто заканчивается фатально. Цель: Приводится клинический пример, в котором демонстрируется возможность лизирования тромба в полости левого желудочка на фоне применения антикоагулянтной терапии варфарином и современной четырехкомпонентной терапии хронической сердечной недостаточности со сниженной фракцией выброса согласно рекомендациям 2021 года у пациента с ишемической болезнью сердца, хронической сердечной недостаточностью со сниженной фракцией выброса левого желудочка и сопутствующим сахарным диабетом. Материал и методы: Проведено расширенное клиническое обследование, лечение и наблюдение за пациентом в течение 4-х месяцев. Выводы: Показана эффективность одновременного назначения четырехкомпонентной терапии хронической сердечной недостаточности со сниженной фракцией выброса, что способствовало достоверному улучшению систолической и диастолической функции левого желудочка. Улучшение внутрисердечной гемодинамики в свою очередь повысило эффективность антикоагулянтной терапии.
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Pacific island countries and areas, 2000–2020
Authors: Yanagawa Manami , Morishita Fukushi , Oh Kyung Hyun , Rahevar Kalpeshsinh , Islam Tauhidul Abm , Yadav Subhash
Published: November 2023

Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important infectious diseases with an estimated 9.9 million people falling ill globally in 2020. We describe the epidemiology of TB in the Pacific island countries and areas (PICs) to inform potential priority actions to implement the Western Pacific Regional Framework to End TB 2021–2030. Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted using annual TB surveillance data submitted by national TB programmes to the World Health Organization (WHO) and TB burden estimates (incidence rates and number of deaths) generated by WHO for the PICs, for the period 2000–2020. We also analysed TB case numbers, multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB), recent risk factor indicators and treatment outcomes. Results: The estimated TB incidence rate in the PICs increased between 2000 and 2020 from 62 to 69 per 100 000 population, with an 8% reduction observed since 2015. TB cases increased by 29% during 2000–2020, with 1746 cases in 2020 and a high proportion in children (19%). Bacteriological diagnosis was used for 58% of total TB cases, although some countries reported clinical diagnoses in over 60% of cases. From 2015 to 2019, 52 MDR/RR-TB cases were reported and there were 94 TB/HIV coinfected cases in 2015–2020. Treatment success was 74% in 2019 due to 18% of cases being unevaluated. In 2020, the estimated proportion of TB cases attributable to smoking, malnutrition, alcohol abuse and diabetes was 17%, 16%, 11% and 9%, respectively. Discussion: There was an increasing trend in TB cases, estimated incidence and deaths between 2000 and 2020. Laboratory services were scaled up in some PICs and case-finding activities greatly contributed to the detection of cases. In order to end the incidence of TB, continued efforts on case finding, contact investigation and scaling up TB preventive treatment should be prioritized. At the same time, collaboration with other sectors for risk factor management and decentralized management need to be considered.
Reform and Breakthrough in Business Regulations for Empowering MSMEs in Indonesia and the Netherlands
Authors: Riwanto Agus , Suryaningsih Sukarni , Putri Delasari Krisda
Published: November 2023

There are too many overlapping MSMEs determination policies which result in hampering MSMEs empowerment. The dynamics of global change require a fast and responsive response because, without policy reformulation, economic growth will stagnate or even slow down. This article delves into the necessity of regulatory reform to enhance the ease of doing business for MSMEs, using the Omnibus Law method. Conducted as normative legal research, this study uses normative legal research and analyzes secondary data to examine the existing challenges. The findings reveal various obstacles faced by MSMEs, including complexities in obtaining business licenses, cumbersome tax payment systems, limited access to business capital, and the absence of a formal business entity. To address these regulatory issues, alternative solutions are proposed through the Omnibus Law method, emphasizing the simplification of regulations, fostering public participation, and harmonizing both vertical and horizontal regulations. Moreover, drawing lessons from the Netherlands, where the government established the Dutch Advisory Board on Regulatory Burdens (ATR) to reduce administrative burdens on SMEs, Indonesia can prioritize similar measures to simplify regulations and lower costs. By emulating the ATR's independent and collaborative approach, Indonesia has the potential to establish its own advisory body, fostering a supportive business environment for SMEs and promoting economic growth.
Regulating Fake News and Hoaxes: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Supanto Supanto , Saefudin Yusuf , Ismail Noorfajri , Susanti Rahtami , Adi Lutfhi Kalbu
Published: November 2023

Indonesia and Malaysia already have regulations prohibiting the spreading of fake news and hoaxes. However, the critical question is whether these regulations can tackle the spread of fake news and hoaxes, considering their detrimental impact on the economy and reputation. This is aimed at comprehensively understanding the legal framework in both countries. This research was designed using the normative juridical method. The approaches used are statutory approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The result show Indonesia's penal policy was recently created by passing a new Criminal Code. It seeks to protect public order, public welfare, and democratic values, emphasizing a balance between freedom of speech and combating the adverse effects of hoax and fake news. Meanwhile, Malaysia employs regulatory measures through the Communication and Multimedia Content Forum, relying on voluntary compliance and cooperation from various stakeholders. Looking ahead, emerging technologies and methodologies in digital forensics offer promise for more effective means of identifying the origins of fake news
A Social Justice Legitimacy to Protect Coastal Residents
Authors: Syaprillah Aditia , Zein Yahya Ahmad , H.Malloy Tove
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to establish the legitimacy of protecting coastal residents from a social justice perspective. This was normative legal research conducted following cases, statutes, facts, and comparisons. The results of this study show how important it is to prioritize social equity for coastal protection. As natural calamities become more frequent, property protection becomes more difficult. Countries endowed with substantial financial and human resources can effectively tackle the challenges associated with climate change mitigation through the development and establishment of state-of-the-art scientific and technological infrastructure. In multicultural social justice, all individuals are valued. Priorities for environmental and social justice are prevalent in developing nations afflicted by coastal ecological degradation and widening income gaps. Developed nations like Germany have implemented and enforced coastal protection policies to uphold environmental justice principles. Second, the community-led governance initiatives generated genuine participation through mutual aid. Environmental law advances the cause of social justice. Environmental justice, which emphasizes the distribution of resources and the preservation of vulnerable groups, has emerged as the essence of justice in the ecological age.
The Role of the Corporate Penalty System on Environmental Regulation
Authors: Torodji Rais , Hartiwiningsih Hartiwiningsih , Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi , Nur Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Criminal acts Indonesia's environmental law has numerous issues and has long been regulated in Indonesia. However, the question is whether the Corporate Penalty System on Environmental Regulation can implement this policy. This research aims to analyze the role of the corporate penalty system in environmental regulation. This is normative legal research with secondary data from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research results show, first, that the Corporate Penalty System on Environmental Regulation has overlapping regulations and the need for more clarity regarding corporate punishment, substantive issues, and law enforcement. The Indonesian government must focus on this to achieve an integrated corporate punishment system. In environmental regulations, the overlapping provisions of administrative and criminal law contribute to the unjust nature of the corporate punishment system. Therefore, it tends to vary from one location to the next. Second, the threat of punishment is not proportional to the heinousness of the act. Third, the absence of harmonization with prior legal arrangements resulted in disparate sentences. The best way to enforce environmental crimes committed by corporations is to have adequate regulations to work from; encouraging harsher penalties for social and economic losses will be detrimental to environmental justice; and implementing an integrated system of corporate punishment requires a variety of measures, such as enacting new regulations and focusing on ecological criminal law enforcement.
The Roles and Challenges of Policewomen in the Zambia Police 1966–1995
Authors:   University of Zambia, Mangunga Felistus , Phiri Bizeck ,   University of Zambia
Published: November 2023

This study examines the roles and challenges of women in male dominated institutions focusing on the case of Zambia Police from 1966 to 1995. Primary and secondary sources were consulted. Primary sources used included oral interviews, consulting colonial and post-colonial government reports and conference papers. The secondary sources include books, dissertations and journals. The study argues that Zambia Police Service formerly known as Northern Rhodesia Police was formed in 1932 and at inception it only comprised men with no intentions of considering the inclusion of female Police officers. In 1947, the Force started employing clerks and African civilians that included twelve women. The female clerks and wives of the senior police officers helped the Force to search, guard and escort female and juvenile offenders to their convenience rooms. The study further reveals that it was very important for the Force to consider the recruitment and training of female police officers and equip them with police skills as a pilot project. European women were first engaged and trained as police officers in 1955 and the African first females during 1958. The roles of these policewomen were mainly confined to clerical and administrative work. In 1966, two years after independence, the Force started recruitment and training of policewomen on a permanent basis. Policewomen found it difficult to adapt to the work culture of men towards them because they were discriminated against in many ways. The policewomen were faced with a number of challenges and barriers that hindered their advancement in the police. The study concluded that from 1966 to 1995, policewomen contributed to maintenance of law and order in the country. Despite the challenges they faced they were able to gain recognition, acceptance and promotion to higher ranks.
Appraising the Obligations of the Nigerian State in Achieving Zero Hunger
Authors: Shaibu Enemona Gabriel
Published: November 2023

Nigeria as a Nation-State is saddled with certain obligations to her citizens, some are justiciable and others are not. The Nigerian-State being a member of the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in September, 2015. There are 17 SDGs and one of which is SDG-2, Zero hunger. The primary targets of SDG-2 are aimed to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture worldwide, by the year 2030. Nigeria has not fared well under the recently published Global Hunger Index scores as it falls under the group of States faced with serious hunger, despite its efforts in domesticating and implementing the SDGs, particularly, SDG-2 through various policy and institutional frameworks. This paper, inter alia appraises the obligations of the Nigerian-State to her citizens, the various policy and institutional frameworks domesticated in Nigeria in order to achieve zero hunger by the year 2030. Being a paper that is situated within the right to food paradigm, it adopts the doctrinal and analytical approach, relying on primary data like the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and other conventions, secondary data like articles and opinions of jurists on the subject matter. It is the finding inter alia that it will be very difficult if not impossible for Nigeria to achieve zero hunger by the year 2030. The paper concludes inter alia that a well-coherent legal framework for right to food is vital in addressing the serious prevalence of hunger and looming food insecurity in Nigeria.
Critique on the Legal Framework for Combating Human Trafficking in Nigeria
Authors: Dyitkuka Joanna Rotdelmwa , Musa-Agboneni Omomen
Published: November 2023

Human trafficking is a menace that affects the global community, because of its adverse effect on the members of the society. It is therefore a violation of the human rights of persons and is believed to oppress thousands of people globally. In Nigeria, there is a legal framework to combat human trafficking, however, human trafficking still remains a major concern that has eaten so deep into the fabric of Nigeria and has become very complex to tackle. Human trafficking just like any other crime has evolved and is still evolving as society evolves. Therefore, there is an expectation that laws are constantly in conformity with the current trends and practices of human trafficking in a community. This study aims to critically critiquethe position of the law on human trafficking in Nigeria, the gaps present in these laws and make recommendations to effectively fight against human trafficking.  This study also recommends that further amendments of the extant laws should comply with the present-day realities.
Characteristics of Soil Chemical Properties Associated with Inceptisols in Various Land Use in Jasinga, Bogor
Authors: Rahmayuni Erlina , Anwar Syaiful , Nugroho Budi , Indriyati Lilik Tri
Published: November 2023

Inceptisols are soils with low to moderate fertility and have not experienced further development. This study aims to characterize the chemical properties of inclusions and base exchange fractionation of P of soil on Inceptisol soil map units of forest land, dry land, and paddy fields in Jasinga. Soil samples were taken at three horizons (Ao or Ap, AB/B1, and B/Bt) on forest soil profiles and dry land, while on paddy fields, they were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm from the surface land. The chemical properties of the soil analyzed were soil pH, C-organic, soil bases, P-total, CEC, base saturation, and P fractionation. The results showed that the chemical properties of inclusions in the Inceptisol Jasinga soil map unit included high CEC and BS and low Mn-dd. The dominant soil inclusions are in paddy fields, followed by forests, and the lowest is in dry land. The chemical properties findings did not significantly differentiate the available inorganic P, Al-P, (Fe, Mn)-P, and (Ca, Mg)-P fractions. The inclusion of chemical characteristics did not result in a reversal of the correlation with the inorganic P fraction.
Military Dominance in Post-Colonial States: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Politics & International Relations, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Ali Javed
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the concept of military dominance in post-colonial states, with a particular focus on Pakistan. The article evaluates how the military has exerted significant influence over the country's government and governance structures, drawing on past and present analyses of Pakistan's political atmosphere. The article investigates the underlying foundations of military dominance in Pakistan using case studies and historical accounts, including the legacy of colonialism, political & economic instability, and external pressures. According to the article, the military's dominance of the political sphere has had a significant impact on the country's development and stability, as well as its democratic systems. The study also looks at potential approaches to decreasing military influence and increasing civilian oversight of government, such as constitutional reforms, strengthening civil society, and improving electoral processes. Finally, this research aims to contribute to a broader understanding of military dominance in post-colonial states, as well as the challenges that countries trying to seek to transform to strong democratic government face.
Thyroid Disease Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors:   Amity School of Engineering and Technology Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India, Faiz Mohammad
Published: November 2023

The thyroid gland, which is in charge of controlling metabolism and other biological functions, is affected by thyroid illness, a frequent medical disorder. Successful thyroid disease management and therapy depends on early diagnosis and treatment. Recent years have seen the development of numerous machine learning methods and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to help with the early detection and diagnosis of thyroid disease. These methods entail evaluating a range of patient data, such as laboratory results, imaging studies, and clinical complaints. These algorithms can find patterns and correlations in vast volumes of patient data that might not be obvious to human experts. This may result in earlier identification and more precise diagnosis of thyroid illness, enhancing patient outcomes and lowering medical expenses. Additional study and development are necessary to improve these methods and incorporate them into clinical practice.
Functional Data Clustering Via Functional Mahalanobis Distance
Authors: Zao Yangxinzi
Published: November 2023

As an exploratory data analysis method, functional data clustering aims to identify the underlying features of the observed data. In this context, this paper proposes a functional data clustering method based on functional Mahalanobis distance. As a distance-based non-parametric clustering model, the proposed method can effectively avoid the disadvantages of generative models and has excellent properties of decoupling and dimension standardization. Compared with other functional data clustering models, this method has lower computational complexity. In addition, the proposed method can be applied to any distance-based multivariate clustering method, thus generalizing it to the case of functional data. In practical data analysis, this paper compares the performance of this method with some other functional clustering methods, using k-means clustering as an example, and finds that it has better performance in terms of purity, adjusted Rand index, and computational speed. Finally, the idea of using Mahalanobis distance for functional data distance measurement can also be extended to construct kernel functions for measuring similarity between functional data samples, thus developing non-linear functional data analysis methods based on reproducing kernel theory.
The Establishment and Practical Application of UAV Fixed-Point Delivery Model Based on Difference Method
Authors: Sun Haoyu , Han Wenkai , Wang Siwen
Published: November 2023

The problem of UAV fixed-point delivery is of great significance in the field of military and relief supplies delivery. In order to better calculate the distance of UAV delivery, this paper establish a UAV fixed-point delivery model. At the same time, this paper use the difference method to calculate, and the error analysis of the model, which verifies that the model has good applicability.
Research on Predicting Wordle Word Attempt Counts and Word Difficulty Classification Based on Machine Learning and K-Means Clustering Techniques
Authors: Liang Yanhui , Long Junan , Tan Chengyan , Wang Dejun
Published: November 2023

Wordle is a word-guessing mini-game that has gained tremendous popularity in recent years. As a result, there is a growing interest in analyzing Wordle's data to assist developers in problem-solving, predicting its popularity, and determining future directions. In this paper, we collected game data from Wordle users who shared their scores on Twitter between January 7, 2022, and December 31, 2022, using a Python program. We utilized machine learning and clustering techniques to develop models for predicting the number of word attempts and evaluating the game's difficulty grading. Subsequently, we conducted model testing using the word "EERIE" as an example to select the optimal model and verify its predictive accuracy. The research findings not only assist developers in enhancing user experience but also contribute to the broader field of game analytics, providing valuable insights for game design and player engagement. Ultimately, our study provides crucial data analysis support for the development of Wordle and reveals the potential and future directions of word-guessing games in the entertainment industry.
Word Mining Research Based on Intelligent Algorithms
Authors: Chu Ruilin
Published: November 2023

Wordle is a popular puzzle that The New York Times currently provides every day, and it has a high popularity. Among them, the number of results reported every day, the characteristics of words and other data have attracted widespread attention. This paper first used the ARIMA model to predict the number of daily reported outcomes and found that it was only accurate for the linear part of the data. Then, this paper used the LSTM neural network model to predict, and found that the LSTM model can predict the nonlinear part of the data well, which just makes up for the deficiency of the ARIMA model, and the predicted results are basically consistent with the original data. The data range of March 1st is [17586.36, 44379.83]. Further, this paper adopted the LSTM neural network model based on genetic algorithm optimization, which can solve the over-fitting problem that may occur in the LSTM neural network due to too few data sets. Finally, the SVM multi-classification model are used. According to the quantified word feature labels, the difficulty of words is divided into three categories: hard, medium, and easy. Using existing data tests, it’s proved that the classification accuracy is very high.
The digital application of intangible cultural heritage protection takes "Qin Bricks and Han tiles" as an example
Authors: Xing Yuan , Abidin Shahriman Zainal , Mokhtar S’harin , Hassan Oskar Hasdinor , Legino Rafeah
Published: November 2023

In today's digital media era, the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage are very important to enhance the cultural literacy and cultural confidence of citizens. This paper is based on the "Qin Brick and Han Tile Museum" in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, which has the most complete variety of tiles, well-preserved and exquisite patterns to digitally transform this intangible cultural heritage into cultural and creative products that represent the concept of intangible cultural heritage design.Analyzed the current situation and digital design concepts according to 1,300 questionnaire data,and puts forward the strategy to enhance the protection, display, and sale of the intangible cultural heritage protection to meet the viewing of more groups and promote the concept of intangible cultural heritage protection.
A Sailboat Pricing Model Based on PCA, Clustering and Regression
Authors: Xu Hongtao , Xu Hongtao
Published: November 2023

Like many luxury goods, the value of sailboats also varies with age and market conditions. This article focuses on developing a mathematical model to explain a given price list for sailboats, which studies data on approximately 35 sailboats 36 to 56 feet long sold in Europe, the Caribbean, and the United States in December 2020, providing decision-making references for traders in the real sailing market. In order to predict and evaluate the value of sailboats, this paper first processed outliers and multiple indicators without differences. Then, statistical methods are used to process the data using multiple linear regression and machine learning. After the data processing is completed, the grey correlation model and factor analysis model can be used to obtain the proportion of each indicator in price. In summary, this article can effectively apply the idealized model to real life while establishing it, which has a good effect on improving the feasibility of the model.