bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Ireland’s first state-funded day-case total hip arthroplasty programme
Authors: Di Mascio Nicholas , McGrath Brid , Doran Ciara , Cashman James , Brennan Adrian , Flanagan Anne-Marie
Published: March 2023

Background:

Over the last two decades, many elective procedures have transitioned to day-case surgery thanks to the introduction of ‘enhanced recovery’ protocols. Only recently has total hip arthroplasty been considered a candidate for day-case surgery, as it was once associated with significant pain, mobility impairment and prolonged postoperative recovery. The National Orthopaedic Hospital Cappagh became the first public hospital in Ireland to set up a day-case total hip arthroplasty service in June 2018, and since then has performed over 109 such cases.

Aims:

We outline our day-case total hip arthroplasty pathway, with specific focus on anaesthetic considerations. We report rates of failed discharge and readmission

Results:

We achieved successful same-day discharge in 90.8% of our first 109 cases. Readmission rate was 4.6%.

Conclusion:

Our experience of implementing a day-case total hip arthroplasty pathway was highly positive and congruent with expectations from the literature. With appropriate patient selection and education, day-case total hip arthroplasty is not just safe, but of benefit to both patients and healthcare systems.
PERFUSE: a French non-interventional study of patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving infliximab biosimilar SB2: a 12-month analysis
Authors: Bouhnik Yoram , Fautrel Bruno , Beaugerie Laurent , Pelletier Anne-Laure , Martinez-Vinson Christine , Freudensprung Ulrich , Brigui Amira , Addison Janet
Published: March 2023

Background:

FlixabiTM (SB2) is a biosimilar of the reference infliximab (IFX), Remicade®. Published evidence on long-term, real-world use of SB2 in patients either IFX naive or transitioned from prior IFX is scarce.

Objectives:

We evaluated persistence, effectiveness, and safety of SB2 over 12 months in adults with IBD [Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)], participating in PERFUSE.

Design:

PERFUSE is a long-term, non-interventional, multicenter study of patients receiving SB2 at specialist sites across France.

Methods:

SB2 treatment was initiated in September 2017, either as first IFX treatment (IFX naive), after transition from treatment with reference IFX (IFX ref) or another IFX biosimilar (IFX bs), or both IFX ref and IFX bs (IFX multiswitch). Outcomes up to Month 12 (±2) include persistence on SB2 (primary outcome measure), SB2 dose, disease status, immunogenicity, and safety.

Results:

This final 12-month analysis of patients with IBD includes 569 with CD and 168 with UC. Persistence [95% confidence interval (CI)] at Month 12 was CD: 89% (77.2; 94.9), UC: 78.5% (58.2; 89.8) for IFX naive; CD: 94% (91.0; 96.1), UC: 92.8% (84.8; 96.7) for IFX ref; CD: 91.6% (86.0; 95.0), UC: 94.2% (83.1; 98.1) for IFX bs; and CD 100% (100; 100), UC 100% (100; 100) for IFX multiswitch. In the CD and UC cohorts, disease activity among IFX naive patients declined from baseline to Month 12; with any prior IFX, the proportions of patients in remission at baseline, Month 6, and Month 12 remained unchanged in the UC cohort, and were comparable or higher in the CD cohort. No immunogenicity or safety signals were detected.

Conclusions:

Patients with IBD can be initiated on SB2 or transitioned from IFX ref and/or IFX bs to SB2, with no loss of disease control or safety concerns, with >75% of naive and >90% of transitioned patients continuing on SB2 treatment at 12 months.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a child after burns: A case report and literature review
Authors: He Xiaoying , Shi Dandan , Long Chenyan , Yang Jia , Tian Ju
Published: March 2023

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinical-neuroradiological syndrome with typical neuroimaging features of posterior cerebral white matter changes that are usually reversible. However, there are only few reports of burns with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the literature. Hence, it is a clinical entity that many burn medicine physicians may be unfamiliar with. We report a case of severe burns complicated by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a 14-month-old male patient. On the eighth day of hospitalization, the child had persistent fever, occasional convulsions, eyes staring to the right, and high-pitched cry. Magnetic resonance imaging on day 10 showed the diagnosis is posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. We used hormone therapy to reduce cerebral oedema, oxcarbazepine to control convulsions, and multiple other drugs and physical measures to treat fever. The symptoms, signs, and imaging abnormalities of his posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome were rapidly reversed in a short period of time. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient had recovered completely with no residual neurological signs and symptoms. To our knowledge, the patient may be the youngest recorded patient with both burns and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Careful observation, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging can achieve early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, which facilitates the achievement of desired therapeutic results. Further investigation is required to determine whether burns can serve as an independent posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome causative factor and clarify the underlying pathogenesis mechanism.
A rare case of extremely large mature ovarian cystic teratoma
Authors: Torabi Hossein , Shirini Kasra , Ashoorian Yalda , Ghaffari Rona
Published: March 2023

Mature ovarian cystic teratoma, also known as the dermoid cyst, is one of the most common benign ovarian neoplasms that can occur in different age groups and could appear in various sizes. Diagnosing this problem as soon as possible is essential due to complications that can coincide, such as torsion, rupture, internal hemorrhage and malignant transformation. In this article, we reported a 66-year-old female patient with a single huge mature ovarian cyst teratoma who presented to the surgical ward with abdominal pain and swelling but did not see any doctor during that period and disregarded her problems for 4 years.
European Search? How to counter-imagine and counteract hegemonic search with European search engine projects
Authors: Mager Astrid
Published: March 2023

This article investigates how developers of alternative search engines challenge increasingly corporate imaginaries of digital futures by building out counter-imaginaries of search engines devoted to social values instead of mere profit maximization. Drawing on three in-depth case studies of European search engines, it analyzes how search engine developers counter-imagine hegemonic search, what social values support their imaginaries, and how they are intertwined with their sociotechnical practices. This analysis shows that notions like privacy, independence, and openness appear to be fluid, context-dependent, and changing over time, leading to a certain “value pragmatics” that allows the projects to scale beyond their own communities of practice. It further shows how European values, and broader notions of Europe as “unified or pluralistic,” are constructed and co-produced with developers’ attempts to counter-imagine and counteract hegemonic search. To conclude, I suggest three points of intervention that may help alternative search engine projects, and digital technologies more generally, to not only make their counter-imaginaries more powerful, but also acquire the necessary resources to build their technologies and infrastructures accordingly. I finally discuss how “European values,” in all their richness and diversity, can contribute to this undertaking.
Beyond step counts: Including wear time in prosthesis use assessment for lower-limb amputation
Authors: DeGrasse Nicholas S , Mertens Joseph C , Brzostowski Jacob T , Allyn Katheryn J , Vamos Andrew C , Krout Adam J , Hafner Brian J , Garbini Joseph L , Sanders Joan E
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to test a novel activity monitor that tracks the time a prosthesis is worn, and the nature of the ambulatory activity conducted with the prosthesis. These capabilities allow prosthesis users’ wear and accommodation practices (e.g., temporary doffing) to be monitored, and the intensity of their activities to be assessed.

Methods

A portable limb-socket motion sensing system was used to monitor doffs, walk bouts (≥5 steps), low locomotion (2–4 steps), stationary positions, and weight shifts in a group of transtibial prosthesis users. The relationship between doff time and active motion time was investigated, and durations of low and high intensity active motions were compared.

Results

For the 14 participants tested, the median prosthesis day duration ranged from 12.8–18.8 h. Eleven participants typically doffed five or fewer times per day, and three participants typically doffed 10 or more times per day. Nine participants demonstrated a positive correlation between daily doff duration and active motion duration. Six participants spent more time in weight shifts than walk bouts, while eight participants spent more time in walk bouts than weight shifts.

Conclusion

Capturing don time and temporary doffs and distinguishing weight shifts from walks may provide insight relevant to patient care. Longer-term monitoring studies should be conducted, and the clinical utility of the data evaluated.
Identifying Anomalies of Systemic Venous Drainage: Systemic Venous Anomalies; Atrial Morphology
Authors: Maddali Madan M , Al Kindi Hamood N , Kandachar Pranav Subbaraya , Al Farqani Abdulla , Al Alawi Khalid S , Al Kindi Faiza , Al-Maskari Salim Nasser , Spicer Diane E , Anderson Robert Henry
Published: March 2023

So as to produce totally anomalous systemic venous connection, all of the systemic venous tributaries, along with the coronary sinus, should be connected with the morphologically left atrium. Previous descriptions of this rare constellation of anomalous connections of the systemic venous tributaries of the heart have been compromised by the inclusion of individuals having isomeric atrial appendages. In these settings, most frequently, the totally, or almost totally, anomalous systemic venous connections are associated with a sinus venosus defect. It is the anomalous pulmonary venous connections that then create a venovenous bridge, which permits the systemic venous tributaries to drain into the morphologically left atrium, even though they may be predominantly connected to the right atrium. More rarely, it is feasible for the primary atrial septum to develop so as to leave the systemic venous sinus in direct connection with the body of the morphologically left, rather than the morphologically right, atrium. We report a series of patients potentially falling into the category of anomalous systemic venous connections. The findings show a spectrum from partially to totally anomalous connections, with some better interpreted on the basis of anomalous drainage. Included in our cases, nonetheless, is an autopsied example of totally anomalous systemic venous connection produced by an abnormal location of the primary atrial septum. We discuss the potential morphogenesis for this finding. We emphasize the distinction that needs to be made between anomalous systemic venous connections and anomalous systemic venous drainage.
Coregulation Effects of a School Counselor Consultation Intervention on Middle School Teacher–Student Relationships, Curiosity, and Teacher Stress
Authors: Lemberger-Truelove Matthew E. , Molina Citlali E. , Carbonneau Kira J. , Smith Megan J.
Published: March 2023

We explored the outcomes of a school counselor consultation intervention informed by the Advocating Student-within-Environment theory as delivered to nine teachers of 149 students in a Title I school. Results from hierarchical regression analyses revealed changes in teachers’ perceptions of the teacher–student relationship that predicted students’ perception of the same relationship. We also found that similar coregulated changes in two curiosity scales can be attributed to the intervention, as can a small change in teachers’ stress tolerance from the pre- to post-test data collection periods. We discuss implications for school relationships and school counseling services.
Resilient Warriors: An Expressive Arts-Based Resiliency Program to Promote Rural Upper Elementary Students’ Resilience and Well-Being
Authors: Ermis-Demirtas Hulya , Donath Jami , Weber Laura , Bradley Nicole , Rizzo Nicole
Published: March 2023

A considerable gap exists between rural and urban children in their mental health outcomes that has continued to grow during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the critical role of school counselors in addressing this gap, we tested the effectiveness of a 10-week, expressive arts-based resiliency program, Resilient Warriors, with 46 rural elementary students. Results revealed a significant increase in students’ resilience and well-being posttest scores. We discuss practical implications for school counseling practitioners.
Uncovering the Combined Impact of Process Characteristics and Reward Types on Employees’ Job Satisfaction: A European Quantitative Study
Authors: Shafagatova Aygun , Van Looy Amy , Maleki Shamasbi Simin
Published: March 2023

Organizations should constantly improve their business processes to increase performance while keeping employees satisfied. Therefore, human actors are considered a success factor in business process management (BPM) projects. This fact amplifies the impact of employees’ satisfaction on business process performance. Although several reward approaches exist, it remains unclear how they affect job satisfaction specifically in combination with certain process characteristics. To address this gap, we conducted a statistical analysis of survey data based on a representative European working conditions dataset. We applied two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA, i.e., controlled for organization size and sector) to explore the interaction effects. By looking at all possible combinations, we uncover how the presence or absence of specific pay modes and process-related aspects influence job satisfaction. Additionally, we reveal and discuss the joint effect of process characteristics and pay-for-performance types on job satisfaction. The results argue for a differentiated approach in pay-for-performance to obtain optimal reward solutions. Moreover, we advise for better strategic planning and facilitating successful BPM implementation.
Breast Reconstruction Perceptions and Access in First Nations Women Are Influenced by Colonization
Authors: Shade Haley , St. Denis-Katz Hannah , Webb Carmen , Temple-Oberle Claire
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This qualitative study explored First Nations (FN) women's perceptions about breast reconstruction (BR) after breast cancer surgery. Method: Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling via Aboriginal health and community organizations, breast and plastic surgeons, an Aboriginal health liaison and an FN elder. Semistructured one-on-one interviews and an FN sharing circle were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Nine women participated in the interviews. Three (33%) had been offered and had pursued BR, while 6 (67%) were either not offered or had not pursued breast reconstruction. Two of these 6 stated that they were not interested in BR. Four women participated in the sharing circle; 2 had been interviewed prior and 2 were new participants who shared similar themes and experiences to other participants also interviewed. Four key themes were identified: identity, information gaps, financial and transportation barriers, and consequences of colonization. Reasons cited to pursue BR were consistent with non-FN women such as improving self-image, concepts of femininity, and sense of normalcy. All participants reported that accessible, appropriate, and timely and culturally sensitive BR information was lacking. Living on reserve and the attendant expenses related to attending medical appointments was another barrier experienced by women in our study. The devastating impacts of colonization also deeply impacted several women in our study. Conclusion: When offered, FN women were receptive to pursuing BR. FN women have a particular set of obstacles related to consequences of colonization. Culturally sensitive and relevant oral communications grounded in first-hand experiences are desired. The 4 themes identified did influence the rate of BR uptake in the FN women who participated in our study and provided significant and unique obstacles to FN women.
The Effect of Cerebellar tDCS on Static and Dynamic Balance of Inactive Elderly Men
Authors: Parsaee Sajad , Shohani Masoumeh , Jalilian Mohsen
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was investigating the effect of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on static and dynamic balance of inactive older adults. Twenty-four older adults participated in this study. All participants underwent static and dynamic balance tests. In the Experimental group, anode electrode was positioned at the O point in the cerebellum and cathode electrode was positioned on the left eye socket (FP1). In the control group, the anode and cathode electrodes were positioned at O and FP1 points, respectively, but the current stimulation was stopped after 30 s. Then, the posttest was performed. Data analysis was done using MANCOVA. There was a significant difference between the Experimental and control groups in static balance ( p = .12) and dynamic balance ( p = .18) and the performance was better in the experimental group. It can be concluded that tDCS can improve static and dynamic balance in inactive older adults.
Data Exclusion in Policy Survey and Questionnaire Data: Aberrant Responses and Missingness
Authors: Hong Maxwell , Carter Matthew , Kim Casey , Cheng Ying
Published: March 2023

Data preprocessing is an integral step prior to analyzing data in psychological science, with implications for its potentially guiding policy. This article reports how psychological researchers address data preprocessing or quality concerns, with a focus on aberrant responses and missing data in self-report measures. 240 articles were sampled from four journals: Psychological Science, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, and Abnormal Psychology from 2012 to 2018. Nearly half of the studies did not report any missing data treatment (111/240; 46.25%), and if they did, the most common approach was listwise deletion (71/240; 29.6%). Studies that remove data due to missingness removed, on average, 12% of the sample. Likewise, most studies do not report any aberrant responses (194/240; 80%), but if they did, they classified 4% of the sample as suspect. Most studies are either not transparent enough about their data preprocessing steps or may be leveraging suboptimal procedures. Recommendations can improve transparency and data quality.
Barriers to Accessing Effective Treatments for Destructive Behavior
Authors: Greer Brian D.
Published: March 2023

The field of applied behavior analysis has developed and refined a comprehensive methodology for the assessment and successful treatment of destructive behavior. This individualized approach emphasizes (a) function of responding (or its cause) over its form; (b) objective and reliable measurement of behavior; (c) systematic procedures and their application; (d) rigorous, single-case experimental designs; and (e) determinations of successful intervention judged by improvements in the same individual's performance. Outcomes of this approach are often dramatic and reliably surpass those obtained by alternative means. However, significant barriers limit the accessibility of this proven therapy. Too few intensive behavioral intervention units, diagnosis- and age-dependent insurance authorization and reimbursement practices, long waitlists and slow approval processes, and the possibility of treatment relapse represent a few such barriers. This article describes these barriers and suggests some potential solutions.
Psychology Meets Biology in COVID-19: What We Know and Why It Matters for Public Health
Authors: Jones Emily J. , Ayling Kieran , Wiley Cameron R. , Geraghty Adam W.A. , Greer Amy L. , Holt-Lunstad Julianne , Prather Aric A. , Schreier Hannah M.C. , Silver Roxane Cohen , Sneed Rodlescia S. , Marsland Anna L. , Pressman Sarah D. , Vedhara Kavita
Published: March 2023

Psychosocial factors are related to immune, viral, and vaccination outcomes. Yet, this knowledge has been poorly represented in public health initiatives during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review provides an overview of biopsychosocial links relevant to COVID-19 outcomes by describing seminal evidence about these associations known prepandemic as well as contemporary research conducted during the pandemic. This focuses on the negative impact of the pandemic on psychosocial health and how this in turn has likely consequences for critically relevant viral and vaccination outcomes. We end by looking forward, highlighting the potential of psychosocial interventions that could be leveraged to support all people in navigating a postpandemic world and how a biopsychosocial approach to health could be incorporated into public health responses to future pandemics.
Environmental Uncertainty and Substance Use Disorders: A Behavior Analytic Perspective
Authors: Doyle William S. , Huskinson Sally L.
Published: March 2023

Substance use disorder (SUD) and drug overdose deaths represent major economic, health, and safety issues in the United States. The psychology of uncertainty provides a mechanism for understanding, reducing, and controlling the damage from substance misuse. Illicit drugs (such as heroin or cocaine) are uncertain in their availability, quality, and acquisition (the time and effort required to obtain them) compared with nondrug-related alternatives (such as consumable goods, hobbies, or paychecks). Furthermore, the severity and likelihood of negative outcomes associated with drug use likewise are uncertain. Such uncertainties worsen substance use outcomes. The current review conveys what is known about the impact of uncertainty on substance use: laboratory investigations of uncertain time and effort required to obtain a substance and uncertain drug quality show uncertainty exacerbates harm. Furthermore, uncertain negative outcomes are not likely to deter substance use in individuals with a SUD. Finally, several policy implications include access to agonist medications; creating a safer drug supply; access to clean syringes/needles, naloxone, and safe-injection sites; and ending incarceration for substance use.
The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier complex potentiates the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma
Authors: Findlay Steven , Nair Remya , Merrill Ronald A. , Kaiser Zafir , Cajelot Alexandre , Aryanpour Zahra , Heath John , St-Louis Catherine , Papadopoli David , Topisirovic Ivan , St-Pierre Julie , Sebag Michael , Kesarwala Aparna H. , Hulea Laura , Taylor Eric B. , Shanmugam Mala , Orthwein Alexandre
Published: March 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that emerges from antibody-producing plasma B cells. Proteasome inhibitors, including the US Food and Drug Administration–approved bortezomib (BTZ) and carfilzomib (CFZ), are frequently used for the treatment of patients with MM. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients with MM are refractory or develop resistance to this class of inhibitors, which represents a significant challenge in the clinic. Thus, identifying factors that determine the potency of proteasome inhibitors in MM is of paramount importance to bolster their efficacy in the clinic. Using genome-wide CRISPR-based screening, we identified a subunit of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) complex, MPC1, as a common modulator of BTZ response in 2 distinct human MM cell lines in vitro. We noticed that CRISPR-mediated deletion or pharmacological inhibition of the MPC complex enhanced BTZ/CFZ-induced MM cell death with minimal impact on cell cycle progression. In fact, targeting the MPC complex compromised the bioenergetic capacity of MM cells, which is accompanied by reduced proteasomal activity, thereby exacerbating BTZ-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. Importantly, we observed that the RNA expression levels of several regulators of pyruvate metabolism were altered in advanced stages of MM for which they correlated with poor patient prognosis. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of the MPC complex for the survival of MM cells and their responses to proteasome inhibitors. These findings establish mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism as a potential target for the treatment of MM and an unappreciated strategy to increase the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the clinic.
Vitamin D in pregnancy (GRAVITD) – a randomised controlled trial identifying associations and mechanisms linking maternal Vitamin D deficiency to placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes – study protocol
Authors: Vestergaard Anna Louise , Christensen Martin , Andreasen Mette Findal , Larsen Agnete , Bor Pinar
Published: March 2023

Background

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high among pregnant women. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes especially complications related to placental dysfunction and insulin resistance. The objective of this study is to investigate if a higher dose of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy reduces the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and prevents adverse pregnancy outcome with special emphasize on preeclampsia, foetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes.

Methods

GRAVITD is a double-blinded randomised trial with parallel groups where all pregnant women attending the free of charge national nuchal translucency scan programme in gestational week 10–14 at Randers Regional Hospital are invited to participate. Enrolment started in June 2020. Participants are randomised in a two armed randomization with a 1:1 allocation ratio into 1) control group – receives 10 µg of vitamin D or 2) intervention group – receives 90 µg of vitamin D. A total of 2000 pregnant women will be included. Maternal blood samples and questionnaires describing life-style habits are collected upon enrolment. For half of the participants blood samples and questionnaires will be repeated again in 3rd trimester. Blood samples will be analysed for 25-hydroxy-vitamin D using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Upon delivery, placental tissue and umbilicalcord blood will be collected and information on maternal and fetal outcomes will be exstracted from medical records.

The primary outcomes are serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D ≥ 75 nmol/L and the rate of preeclampsia, foetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes. Secondary outcome includes identification and impact on placental functions related to vitamin D. A tertiary outcome is to initiate a cohort of children born from mothers in the trial for future follow-up of the effects of vitamin D on childhood health.

Discussion

Provided that this trial finds beneficial effects of a higher dose of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancies, official recommendations can be adjusted accordingly. This will provide a low-cost and easily implementable adjustment of prenatal care which can improve health for both mother and child during pregnancy and beyond.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrial.gov:NCT04291313. Registered February 17, 2020
Long-term course with iris changes after trabeculectomy for uveitic glaucoma associated with iris mammillation: a case report
Authors: Usui Shinichi , Okazaki Tomoyuki , Fujino Takahiro , Kawashima Rumi , Hashida Noriyasu , Matsushita Kenji , Morii Eiichi , Nishida Kohji
Published: March 2023

Background

Iris mammillation is a rare disease characterized by the distribution of multiple nodules on the iris surface. The course of uveitic glaucoma with iris mammillation has never been reported.

Case presentation

A 56-year-old woman, who presented with unilateral decreased vision, visited our hospital for treatment of uveitic glaucoma in the right eye. Multiple nodules were scattered over the iris surface in that eye. This case was diagnosed as iris mammillation on clinical findings. After excluding malignant tumors such as melanoma, trabeculectomy was performed. The resected iris had no pathologically malignant findings. The iris nodules evolved to a sand-like appearance, and the intraocular pressure remained stable without recurrent inflammation 7 years after trabeculectomy.

Conclusions

In a case of unilateral uveitic glaucoma with iris mammillation, filtration surgery was performed after excluding the presence of a malignancy, and the long-term postoperative course has been stable.
The 15-year national trends of genital cancer incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005–2020
Authors: Shafiee Gita , Mousavian Amir-hossein , Sheidaei Ali , Ebrahimi Mehdi , Khatami Fatemeh , Gohari Kimiya , Jabbari Mohammad , Ghanbari-Motlagh Ali , Ostovar Afshin , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem , Heshmat Ramin
Published: March 2023

Background

Cancer is a major health problem and cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the prevalence of other cancers in males and females, genital cancers are especially important because of their psychological effects on individuals. Currently, cervical cancer, corpus uteri neoplasm, and ovarian cancer are the most common gynecological cancers in Iran. Prostate cancer has increased in Iranian men in the last decade. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the 15-year national trend in the incidence of genital cancers in the Iranian population.

Methods

In this study, we used Iranian cancer registration data collected by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, demographic information from the reports of the Statistics Center of Iran, STEPs (STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases risk factor surveillance), and Caspian (childhood and adolescence surveillance and prevention of adult non-communicable disease). A list of potential auxiliary variables and secondary variables at all levels of the province-age-sex were evaluated during the years. We used mixed-effects Poisson regression to model the data and calculate the incidence of each cancer.

Results

Our results show an enhancement in the outbreak of all types of male cancers, but the most important are prostate (11.46 in 2005 to 25.67 in 2020 per 100,000 males) and testicular cancers (2.39 in 2005 to 5.05 per 100,000 males). As for female cancers, there has been an increase in ovarian and corpus uteri neoplasm incidence with 6.69 and 4.14 incidences per 100,000 females in 2020, making them the most occurring female genital neoplasms. While the occurrence of cervical cancer has decreased over the years (4.65 in 2005 to 3.24 in 2020). In general, the incidence of genital cancers in men and women has amplified in the last 15 years.

Conclusions

Our study examined the trend of change for each malignant genital neoplasm for 15 years in Iranian men and women in each province. Considering the growing trend of the elderly population in Iran, patient awareness and early screening are essential in reducing mortality and costs imposed on patients and the health care system.
Occlusal contact and clearance of posterior implant-supported single crowns designed by two different methods: a self-controlled study
Authors: He Mingzhu , Pu Tingting , Ding Qian , Sun Yao , Wang Pengfei , Sun Yuchun , Zhang Lei
Published: March 2023

Background

Precise occlusal design of implant-supported fixed prostheses is difficult to achieve by the conventional wax-up method, often requiring chairside adjustments. The computer-aided design (CAD) method is promising. This study aims to compare the occlusal contacts and clearance of posterior implant-supported single crowns designed by the CAD and conventional methods.

Methods

Sample size calculation indicated fourteen samples per group. Two sets of type-IV plaster casts with a single implant analog inserted in the posterior teeth region were mounted as master casts in a mechanical articulator in maximal intercuspal position (MIP). Seven working cast sets were obtained from each master cast by a closed tray technique, and mounted in MIP. Two implant-supported single crowns were designed with an occlusal clearance to achieve light occlusal contact in each working cast set by CAD and conventional method, separately. For the CAD group, the crown was designed in digital models obtained by scanning the working casts. For the conventional group, wax-up of the crown was prepared on the working casts and scanned to generate a STL file. In the working and master casts, mean and minimum occlusal clearances in the designed occlusal contact area of the both finished prostheses were calculated using the occlusal clearance (OC) and occlusal record (OR) method. The prostheses’ occlusion was evaluated in master casts.

Results

For the evaluation in the working casts, both design methods had similar mean occlusal clearances by the OC method (195.4 ± 43.8 vs. 179.8 ± 41.8 μm; P = 0.300), while CAD group resulted in a significantly larger minimum occlusal clearance in the designed occlusal contact area (139.5 ± 52.3 vs. 99.8 ± 43.8 μm; P = 0.043). Both design methods had similar mean and minimum occlusal clearances by the OR method (P > 0.05). For the evaluation in the master casts, both design techniques had similar mean and minimum occlusal clearances, number and distribution of occlusal contacts, and lateral interference ratios (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Occlusal contact and clearance of posterior implant-supported single crowns designed by the CAD method can be at least as good as those designed by the conventional wax-up method.
Laparoscopic cervico-isthmic anastomosis for old traumatic disjunction between the cervix and the uterine corpus: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Hongxia , Zhu Minjiao , Wang Jun
Published: March 2023

Background

Old traumatic disjunction between the cervix and the uterine corpus is very rare case. In most cases, it is not immediately noticed until the onset of other symptoms, such as amenorrhea, periodic abdominal pain and so on. Scanty cases of anastomosis surgery via laparoscope have been reported.

Case presentation

We report here a 23-year-old young woman with the primary amenorrhea due to traumatic cervico-isthmic disjunction. The patient had a closed pelvic fracture at the age of 4 and has experienced periodic lower abdominal pain since the age of 17 years. A complete disjunction between the cervix and the uterine corpus was diagnosed. Laparoscopic cervico-isthmic anastomosis was performed to restore the continuity of the endometrial cavity and cervical canal. After this surgery, normal menstruation was resumed without cyclic abdominal pain.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic cervico-isthmic anastomosis could reconstruct the uterine outflow tract successfully, alleviate symptoms, and achieve a good short-term outcome.
Mental health outcomes before psychotropic medications: a retrospective case series of one state hospital records from 1945 to 1954
Authors: Chapleau Ann , Harrison Jennifer , Love Stephen , Sherman David
Published: March 2023

Background

Current outcomes for mental illness are widely regarded as poor. Since the introduction of psychotropic medications in the mid 1950’s, previous psychosocial practices were minimized in favor of medication focused treatment. The majority of large U.S. state hospitals have closed with records destroyed or in storage, inaccessible to researchers. This creates barriers to studying and comparing outcomes before and after this shift in treatment practices.

Aims

The study aim was to examine discharge outcomes in relation to length of stay and diagnosis in one U.S. state hospital.

Methods

This case series study examined 5618 medical records of participants admitted to one state hospital from 1945 to 1954, the decade prior to adoption of psychotropic medications.

Results

Of the 3332 individuals who left the facility, over half (59.87%) of first episode hospitalizations were discharged within 1 year, and 16.95% were hospitalized for more than 5 years. 46.17% of all admissions were discharged from hospital with no readmission. The most common diagnoses included schizophrenia, other forms of psychosis, and alcoholism. In the decade before the introduction of psychotropic medications, participants were often admitted for a single episode and returned to their homes within several years.

Conclusions

Although limited to one site, findings suggest that discharge outcomes prior to psychotropic medication as a primary treatment for mental illness may be more positive than previously understood.
Tuning CARs: recent advances in modulating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell activity for improved safety, efficacy, and flexibility
Authors: Celichowski Piotr , Turi Marcello , Charvátová Sandra , Radhakrishnan Dhwani , Feizi Neda , Chyra Zuzana , Šimíček Michal , Jelínek Tomáš , Bago Juli Rodriguez , Hájek Roman , Hrdinka Matouš
Published: March 2023

Cancer immunotherapies utilizing genetically engineered T cells have emerged as powerful personalized therapeutic agents showing dramatic preclinical and clinical results, particularly in hematological malignancies. Ectopically expressed chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) reprogram immune cells to target and eliminate cancer. However, CAR T cell therapy's success depends on the balance between effective anti-tumor activity and minimizing harmful side effects. To improve CAR T cell therapy outcomes and mitigate associated toxicities, scientists from different fields are cooperating in developing next-generation products using the latest molecular cell biology and synthetic biology tools and technologies. The immunotherapy field is rapidly evolving, with new approaches and strategies being reported at a fast pace. This comprehensive literature review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the latest developments in controlling CAR T cell activity for improved safety, efficacy, and flexibility.
What impact do personality traits have on self-perception of dental aesthetics?
Authors: Xu Qian , Du Wulong , Lin Feiou
Published: March 2023

Background

Malocclusion has significant social, psychological and physical impacts on the quality of life. This study aimed to study psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among students, and how it was modified by personality traits.

Methods

Chinese version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale of (EPQ-RSC) and Chinese version of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) were used to investigate 555 undergraduate students, aged 18 to 24 years. The participants and investigators self-rated their own dental aesthetics using the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The malocclusion was assessed by two independent investigators using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of IOTN.

Results

No statistically significant difference was found for gender (p = 0.829) nor for majors (p = 0.598) in the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics. Total and subscale PIDAQ scores differed significantly among the 3 IOTN grades. PIDAQ scores strongly correlated with Eysenck personality. The dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism, and dental health component grades had significant impact on participants' psychosocial well-being of dental aesthetics.

Conclusions

Neurotic people with high self-concerns perceived greater psychosocial impact. Outgoing people appear to be less affected psychosocially by dental aesthetics.
The use of a 30-degree radiolucent triangle during surgery in distal avulsion fractures of the patella
Authors: Ragot Léa , Gerber Filippo , Lannes Xavier , Moerenhout Kevin
Published: March 2023

Background

Avoiding patella baja or alta after the Krackow suture technique for distal avulsion fractures of the patella can be challenging. We aim to introduce a simple and reproducible technique using a 30-degree radiolucent triangle involving the contralateral knee to ensure the correct positioning of the patella intraoperatively.

Method

The radiolucent triangle is positioned under the contralateral knee before operating the injured knee. A strict lateral view is obtained using fluoroscopy as a reference before a Krackow technique is performed on the avulsion fracture of the patella.

Results

The triangle technique is straightforward and easily reproducible by surgeons of all levels. It allows the surgeon to correctly position the patella intraoperatively in avulsion fracture repair and modify tension on the patellar tendon.

Conclusion

This method avoids millimetric mispositioning of the operated patella, thus improving the management intraoperatively and could decrease postoperative complications.
Reactive arthritis following COVID-19 current evidence, diagnosis, and management strategies
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Bell Andreas , Vaishya Raju , Eschweiler Jörg , Hildebrand Frank , Maffulli Nicola
Published: March 2023

Background

Immune-mediated conditions associated to Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) have been reported, including vasculitis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, myositis, and lupus. Emerging studies have reported the potential occurrence of reactive arthritis in patients previously infected with COVID-19. This systematic review summarised the current evidence on the occurrence of reactive arthritis in patients previously infected by COVID-19.

Methods

This study was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. All the clinical investigations describing the occurrence of reactive arthritis following COVID-19 were accessed. In September 2022, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase. The generalities of the study were extracted: author, year and journal of publication, country of the main author, study design, sample size, mean age, number of women, main results of the study. The following data on COVID-19 severity and management were retrieved: type of treatment, hospitalization regimes (inpatient or outpatient), admission to the intensive care unit, need of mechanical ventilation, pharmacological management. The following data on reactive arthritis were collected: time elapsed between COVID-19 infection to the onset of reactive arthritis symptoms (days), pharmacological management, type of arthritis (mono- or bilateral, mono- or polyarticular), extra-articular manifestations, presence of tenosynovitis or enthesitis, synovial examination at microscopic polarised light, imaging (radiography, magnetic resonance, sonography), clinical examination, laboratory findings.

Results

Data from 27 case reports (54 patients) were retrieved, with a mean age of 49.8 ± 14.5 years. 54% (29 of 54 patients) were women. The mean time span between COVID-19 infection and the occurrence of reactive arthritis symptoms was 22.3 ± 10.7 days. Between studies diagnosis and management of reactive arthritis were heterogeneous. Symptoms resolved within few days in all studies considered. At last follow-up, all patients were minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic, and no additional therapy or attentions were required by any patient.

Conclusion

Poor evidence suggests that COVID-19 could target the musculoskeletal system causing reactive arthritis at its post infectious stage. COVID-19 can act as a causative agent or as a trigger for development of reactive arthritis even without presence of antibodies of rheumatological disorders. Treating physicians should have a high index of suspicion while treating post infectious COVID-19 patient with arthralgia.

Level of evidence

Level IV, systematic review.
Comparative study of four innovative earth-friendly platforms for rapid analysis of daclatasvir dihydrochloride: Application on different matrices
Authors: Sayed Rania A. , Mohamed Ahmed R. , Hassan Wafaa S. , Elmasry Manal S.
Published: March 2023

Background

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride has important roles not only in the management of COVID-19 pandemic symptoms but also in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection.

Objective

The current research presents four novel and simple platforms including silver-nanoparticles spectrophotometric technique and three electrochemical conductometric ones for daclatasvir analysis in its tablet, biological fluids, and dissolution media.

Methods

The spectrophotometric platform involved the synthesis of silvernanoparticles through a redox reaction between the reducing agent (daclatasvir) and the oxidizing agent (silver nitrate) in presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizing agent. The produced silver-nanoparticles have an intense surface plasmon resonance peak at 421 nm where the measured absorbance values were utilized for quantitative spectrophotometric determination of daclatasvir. While the electrochemical conductometric platforms involved the reaction of daclatasvir with three different precipitating reagents (silver nitrate, phosphomolybdic acid, and ammonium reineckate) to form ion associates between these reagents and daclatasvir in the aqueous system.

Results

All proposed platforms were validated in line with recommendations of the international conference on harmonization producing satisfactory outcomes within the agreed boundaries.

Conclusion

The proposed platforms are green alternatives for routine rapid assay of daclatasvir at the cheapest cost because their results were observed to be nearly similar to those of the reported platform. Moreover, the suggested spectrophotometric platform’s sensitivity can be employed for investigating daclatasvir bioequivalence.
HPLC-DAD technique for the quantification of a recently approved anti-diabetic triple combination along with two toxic official impurities: Toxicity confirmation aided by molecular docking application
Authors: Bahgat Eman A. , Hashem Hisham , Saleh Hanaa , Kamel Ebraam B. , Eissa Maya S.
Published: March 2023

Background

Gliflozins and gliptins are two distinct groups of pharmacological drugs that reduce blood glucose levels in individuals with type II diabetes in various ways that may perform their functions harmoniously. Trijardy® tablet, which contains empagliflozin, linagliptin, and metformin, was recently approved. The scientific database does not yet have a method that is sensitive enough to quantify the aforementioned medications in the presence of metformin official toxic impurities melamine and cyanoguanidine. Molecular docking modeling was utilized in this work to further prove the toxicity of melamine.

Methods

The five analytes listed before were quantified using RP-HPLC-diode array detector and a Zorbax® C8 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 0.05 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer, which had been treated by ?-phosphoric acid to restore a pH of 4.0 (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min and the eluted peaks were scanned at 250 nm.

Conclusion

The utilization of the simplest isocratic elution mode give the current technique a significant time-and cost-saving benefit. The current method can quantify the triple therapy agents in the presence of each other as well as with two official toxic impurities of metformin in one short analytical run.