bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
competividad de las empresas turísticas de guerrero con base en el sistema nacional de certificación turística.
Authors: Lopez Trejo Maricela , Badillo Cortes Elisa , Mata Carrillo Eloy
Published: September 2021

5 empresas turísticas en Guerrero, dos hoteles y tres restaurantes con el propósito de buscar ser más competitivas en el mercado, integraron sus certificaciones, sellos, y reconocimientos nacionales e internacionales , además de sus altos estándares de calidad, innovando e implementando acciones continuas en materia de capacitación, promoción, calidad del servicio, certificación laboral, cultura turística y normatividad ambiental participaron en la convocatoria para obtener el Distintivo Nacional de Calidad Turística, que otorgo por primera vez la Secretaria de Turismo Federal, logrando el nivel Diamante con un rango de 1850 a 1954 cumpliendo con el 70% de los 13 factores requeridos por el Sistema.
Abstract In Guerrero, 5 touristic enterprises, two hotels and three restaurants, with the purpose of becoming more competitive in the market, achieved their national and international certifications, seals and acknowledgements, also their high quality standards, innovating and implementing continuous improvements in the subject of training, promotion, service quality, labor certification, environmental standards and culture of tourism, took part in the National Quality Distinction for Tourism, given for the first time by the Federal Secretariat of Tourism, achieving the Diamond Level ranking at 1850 to 1954 complying with 70% of the 13 factors required by the system.
Análisis de la competitividad de emprendimientos en comunidades rurales de Yucatán emanados de programas sociales: el caso de comunidades diferentes
Authors: Che Poot Juan Ismael , Fernández Chalé Lizbeth , Pasos Cervera Ruby de los Ángeles
Published: September 2021

La población Yucatán al año 2015, fue de 2’097,175 habitantes, con el 16% de sus moradores dentro del área rural . La población rural yucateca forma parte población mexicana que vive donde, dos de cada tres habitantes se encuentra en la pobreza, misma que se acentúa con las desigualdades en los aspectos socioeconómicos como: empleo, educación, servicios, etc, situación que propició que el gobierno del estado de Yucatán, a través del Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (DIF) pusiera en acción el Programa de Desarrollo Comunitario “Comunidad DIFerente" (SEGOB, 2016), acudiendo a emprendimientos productivos comunitarios, que permitieran generar el desarrollo Empresarial, dentro del área rural, lo que motivó esta investigación dentro del giro de la panadería, después de cuatro años de puesta en marcha del programa para conocer resultados de dichos emprendimientos, éxitos, fracasos, avance, causas, efectos.
AbstractYucatan’s population, until 2015 consisted of 2’097,175 inhabitants, with 16% of its dwellers found in rural areas. The rural population of Yucatan makes up part of the Mexican population where two out of three inhabitants are found and live in extreme poverty, this is further aggravated by inequalities in socio-economic aspects such as; employment, education, services etc, this situation led the government of the State of Yucatan, through National System for Integral Family Development (DIF) to put in motion the Community Develop Program “Community Program of Development (Comunidad DIFerente SEGOB, 2016), resorting to productive community entrepreneurships that will allow the development of Entrepreneurial development, within rural areas that led to this investigation which is focused on bakeries, four years after the program was launched to know the results of these entrepreneurships, their success failures advances, causes, effects.
función de dirección y su relación con el desarrollo tecnológico en las mypes del altiplano hidalguense
Authors: Maldonado Gómez Gabriel , Ruiz Meneses Sandy Yanet , Moreno Vargas Enrique
Published: September 2021

Las micro y pequeñas empresas presentan un papel indispensable para los sistemas económicos que prevalecen, sin embargo, estas muestran condiciones poco favorables para lograr un crecimiento sostenido, y que sin dudar; el desarrollo tecnológico y la dirección son factores que contribuyen a ello. El estudio se desarrolló en los municipios de la región que integran el Altiplano Hidalguense siendo estos Almoloya, Apan, Emiliano Zapata, Tepeapulco y Tlanalapa, los cuales de manera conjunta suman 6,741 unidades; mismas que fueron catalogadas en diversos giros empresariales, entre los que destacan con mayor participación en el estudio las dedicadas al comercio al menudeo no especializado (misceláneas), la elaboración de productos alimenticios y comercialización al por menor de productos especializados. El estudio se realizó para determinar el impacto de la función de dirección para el desarrollo tecnológico que presenta el sector empresarial, a partir de un instrumento que considera los elementos que soportan las actividades de los directivos; entre las cuales se encuentran el establecimiento de objetivos, elaboración de planes, toma de decisiones y análisis de tendencias. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis estadístico de los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de la encuesta.
Abstract
Micro and small enterprises play an indispensable role for prevailing economic systems, however, they show unfavourable conditions for achieving sustained growth, and which without hesitation; technological development and direction are contributing factors. The study was developed in the municipalities of the region that make up the Hidalguense Highlands being these Almoloya, Apan, Emiliano Zapata, Tepeapulco y Tlanalapa, which together add up to 6,741 units; they were catalogued in various business shifts, among which are with greater participation in the study those dedicated to non-specialized retail trade (miscellaneous), the manufacture of food products and the retail marketing of specialized products. The study was carried out to determine the impact of the management function on technological development presented by the business sector, based on an instrument that considers the elements that support the activities of managers; including targeting, plan-making, decision-making and trend analysis. Subsequently, a statistical analysis of the results obtained with the application of the survey was carried out.
Componentes del sector pirotécnico para alcanzar la innovación
Authors: Pérez Castañeda Suly Sendy , Espinoza Martínez Gisela Janeth , Feregrino Feregrino Jorge
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los componentes de innovación del sector pirotécnico. La metodología de investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, por su alcance exploratorio, por la manipulación de las variables no experimental, por la temporalización del fenómeno, transversal y por el lugar donde se realiza, de campo. La población fueron los productores pirotécnicos del Municipio de Tultepec, Estado de México, mismos que se abordaron de forma aleatoria. El muestreo fue no probabilístico a conveniencia del investigador, tomándose 204 productores pirotécnicos. El objeto de estudio son los polvorines de Tultepec, Estado de México.
Abstract The objective of this research is to determine the innovation components of the pyrotechnics sector. The research methodology has a qualitative approach, by its exploratory scope, by the manipulation of non-experimental variables, by the temporalization of the phenomenon, transversal and by the place where it is performed, field. The population were the pyrotechnic producers of the Municipality of Tultepec, Estado de Mexico, which were addressed randomly. Sampling was not probabilistic at the investor's convenience, with 204 pyrotechnic producers taking over. The object of study is the powders of Tultepec, Estado de Mexico.
A Conceptual Study of Upanaha Swedana
Authors: Avvinish Narine  , Minu Yadav
Published: September 2021

Swedana Karma is undertaken by inducing sweating from the application of heat. There are many methods used to achieve this, with Upanaha Swedana being one of them. Upanaha Swedana is a standard treatment modality used in Ayurveda for the management of pain and inflammation. It is a localized treatment wherein a combination of medicinal drugs are prepared, made into a poultice, heated and applied at the affected site. This is meant to reduce the local inflammation and act as a topical analgesic. The procedure is divided into three phases which are: Purva Karma (pre-therapy procedures), the preparation of the Upanaha Swedana material is done, Pradhana Karma (main therapeutic procedures) the prepared Upanaha Swedana material is applied to the patient and Paschat Karma (post-therapy procedures) after waiting the specified times, the Upahana Swedana is removed following proper procedures. The present conceptual study was done based on the need of the day to elaborate the process of conducting Upanaha Swedana. For this, various Ayurvedic texts, digital libraries referencing Samhita were searched and the following headings were selected, types of data, types of reports and functionalities. This article seeks to explore this treatment modality and outline the general approach to be followed while conducting the procedure of Upanaha Swedana.
A Clinical Study on Efficacy of Ajeya Ghrita in Dushivisha Janya Lakshana
Authors: Garima  , Tiwari R.C  , Chandra Mahesh
Published: September 2021

In modern era or day to day life cumulative toxicity (Dushivisha) increases the need for antioxidants as the body attempts to neutralize the harmful substances. The factors such as Viruddhahara and Ahitahara, fast foods and cold beverages, alcohol, tobacco, pesticides, metals and pollutants etc. can be considered under Dushivisha (cumulative poison). Aggravate Dosha vitiate the Dhatu (elements of body) specially Rakta Dhatu, it deposits in body tissues due to mild potency in nature, it covered by Kapha dosha and produces many diseases in favorable condition. Acharya Sushruta in Kalp sthana mentioned Ajeya Ghrita as a best remedy for the management of Dushivisha derived diseases. The content of Ajeya ghrita have Laghu, Rukhsha, Tiksna, Katu, Ushna, Kushthaghna, Krimighana Vishghna and antioxidant properties can help the breakdown the pathogenesis of Dushi visha. This formulation is given in 30 patients which is divided in two group having 15 patients in each group in oral dose of 12gm BD with lukewarm water for 30 days with follow up 30 days. Patient having sign and symptoms of fever, Kotha (skin allergies), Kasa (cough), Trishna (increased thirst), abdominal pain, recurrent Avipaka (indigestion)/ Arochak (anorexia), recurrent Chardi (vomiting)/ nausea, recurrent Shirahshool (headache)/ dizziness, recurrent Jwara (fever), recurrent Atisara (diarrhea), premature aging (wrinkling of skin, greying and loss of hair etc.), Smritinasha (loss of memory), recurrent Daurbalya (weakness), result found 1 patient (6.67%) were completely remitted in Group A while group B not found. 4 patients (26.66%) Group A, while in Group B, 3 (20%) were moderately improved respectively. 5 patients (33.33%) were no relief in group A and 4 (40%) in group B, no relief in any symptoms.
Kutaja Kshara- A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Tasleem Banu  , M.N. Hiremath  , Raghuveer
Published: September 2021

The word ‘Kshara’ can be derived from either of the two roots, Ksarana or Kshanana. Ksharana means to dislodge, to melt away and Kshanana means to kill or to destroy. The literal meaning of the word ‘Kshara’ is the substance which is corrosive, caustic, pungent, saline and acrid in its properties. This Kshara Kalpana is known to have a wide scope in Shalya Tantra branch of Ayurveda. Because of this wider scope many research works are at present undertaken in order to treat many ailments and avoid few surgical procedures. Apamarga Kshara is mainly used in practice and many experiments are already done on the same, in order to study the properties and effects of other drugs or Ksharas, one such drug is chosen here i.e., Kutaja. Ksharas are superior to Shastras, Anushastras, because of their capability to perform Chedana (excision), Bhedana (incision), and Lekhana (scraping). It alleviates all the three Doshas. Ksharas can be used where Shastra Chikitsa is contra-indicated or where instruments cannot be used i.e., Marmasthana, for women, children or on those who are afraid of surgery. Acharya Susruta, while describing the process of Kshara extraction has mentioned 23 drugs and Kutaja is first and foremost drug. There are no direct references of properties and extraction of Kutaja Kshara in classics and other compilation done on the same were also not found while searching through internet. Present paper throws light on the complete description of Kutaja as a Kshara and preparation of Kshara Sutra mentioned in different texts of Ayurveda.
BOH (Bad Obstetric History) – An Ayurvedic Perspective
Authors: Deepika Bhadre  , Mangesh Mundhe  , Namdev Bansode
Published: September 2021

Pregnancy is a crucial event in life that requires considerable physiological & psychological adjustment by the mother; by accepting which she starts an incredible journey of life. Rather the pregnancy loss is a frustrating & challenging problem for the couple as well as for obstetrician. It is associated with guilt, embarrassment and depressive states especially in cases where patient conceives with added concerns of primary or secondary infertility due to various causes. Such patient presents with bad obstetric history, this needs detailed consultation & proper line of treatment.
In Ayurveda Putraghni Yonivyapad is described where repeated abortions or the early neonatal deaths are explained which are due to Artava Dosha, Rakta Dosha, Raktastrava and Raktakshaya. When we came across with descriptions given by different Acharyas we come to know that these all points came under the Bad Obstetric History described in modern science. As we all know that Ayurveda is a Science of life the management of Sadhya Vyadhi is explained in it, by following line of treatment through Ayurveda we can minimize the adverse outcome in BOH.
ANÁLISIS DE LOS STAKEHOLDERS COMO INSUMO DE ENTRADA EN EL DISEÑO DE UN PLAN PUBLICITARIO
Authors: González Bennett Julio Cesar , Lino Figueroa Jackson Vladimir , Muñiz Jaime Laura Patricia , Parrales Poveda María Leonor
Published: September 2021

Los grupos de interés de una empresa pueden ser internos o externos y se les denomina Stakeholders, mismos que no siempre son considerados en la toma de decisiones de las organizaciones. En tal sentido, determinar la importancia de los Stakeholders como insumo de entrada para el diseño del plan publicitario es vital. Por ello, se consideró el caso de varias empresas latinoamericanas y empresas ecuatorianas de diferente razón social, que analizadas desde un diseño de investigación de tipo descriptiva apoyada en la revisión bibliográfica de las posturas que han surgido en relación a los Stakeholders demuestran su incidencia sobre los planes de publicidad. Los resultados permitieron exponer las bases conceptuales que argumentan la propuesta de incluir a este grupo de interés como factor de éxito en el diseño publicitario de las empresas. De donde se concluye que su análisis ayuda a la empresa a definir de manera efectiva sus procesos de ventas encaminados a la satisfacción de las necesidades de las partes interesadas generando ventajas competitivas en el mercado donde esta se desenvuelve.
Da pandemia ao pandemônio? Sistemas agroalimentares, coronavírus e Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Carnut Leonardo , Mendes Áquilas , Guerra Lúcia Dias da Silva
Published: September 2021

Este artigo visa discutir o papel dos sistemas agroalimentares na conformação da pandemia de coronavírus como parte integrante da totalidade da crise capitalista e sua implicação na área da saúde do capitalismo brasileiro, em que se assiste a ascensão de políticas ultraliberais e neofascistas pelo governo Bolsonaro. Para tanto optamos por uma análise materialista histórico-dialética da conjuntura vivenciada entre o início mundial da pandemia até o mês de maio de 2020 no Brasil. O artigo está estruturado em duas partes: a primeira discute a problemática dos sistemas agroalimentares no contexto do capitalismo em crise e seus efeitos na propagação de doenças como o coronavírus e, a segunda discute o descaso do governo Bolsonaro com o enfrentamento da pandemia do covid-19 e com o sistema universal de saúde brasileiro.
Olavo de Carvalho e a ascensão da extrema-direita
Authors: Calil Gilberto
Published: September 2021

O artigo propõe analisar a trajetória de Olavo de Carvalho e refletir sobre seu papel no avanço da extrema-direita no Brasil. Para isto, aborda sua trajetória e as estratégias que utilizou para projetar publicamente suas posições, com destaque para o sítio eletrônico Mídia sem Máscaras. A proposição de uma “guerra cultural” e a denúncia da suposta influencia “gramscista” são elementos centrais deste processo. Finalmente, o artigo aborda a relação entre Olavo de Carvalho e a família Bolsonaro, assim como sua influência no atual governo brasileiro.
O fascismo no Brasil contemporâneo e o Estado de contrainsurgência
Authors: Santos José Whellison Brito dos
Published: September 2021

O fascismo enquanto manifestação da realidade emerge, mais uma vez, no Brasil e no mundo ocidental, sendo este artigo uma forma de contribuição ao seu debate. A pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico, aborda como análises já empreendidas pela teoria social brasileira sobre tendências fascistas em outras conjunturas históricas da particularidade nacional fornecem chaves interpretativas do presente, do pós-Golpe de 2016. A exposição é feita em cinco notas: o Estado de contrainsurgência e a burguesia monopolista; a coloração fascista do Estado de contrainsurgência; a participação dos poderes estatais e as forças armadas; outras contribuições marxistas na análise do fascismo no Brasil; alguns apontamentos e questionamentos conclusivos a respeito do fascismo no Brasil contemporâneo.
O conservadorismo brasileiro na atualidade: sua filiação à agenda neoliberal
Authors: Silva Amanda sales
Published: September 2021

O artigo visa elucidar a relação entre a ideologia conservadora brasileira na atualidade a partir da direta vinculação entre a direta brasileira e os objetivos da agenda neoliberal. Á luz do materialismo histórico dialético por meio de uma pesquisa exploratória nosso objetivo busca explicitar as bases materiais do conservadorismo que ganhou uma pujante força no cenário político nacional.
Denúncias de infrações éticas no Conselho Regional de Serviço Social do Paraná
Authors: Mirales Rosana
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisa em andamento sobre o processamento adquirido pelas denúncias de infrações éticas no Conselho Regional de Serviço Social – Paraná. Em primeiro momento, expõe a dinâmica institucional que norteia os procedimentos adotados pelas comissões encarregadas pela apuração das denúncias recebidas, e, em seguida, apresenta sistematizações que foram possíveis, advindas das leituras realizadas dos processos concluídos, referentes aos anos de 1993 a 2007. A pesquisa conta com aprovações institucionais, bem como com um instrumental norteador e de agregação de informações. As duas principais conclusões são: a Comissão Permanente de Ética e as Comissões de Instrução são importantes no processamento das denúncias; e houve um total de quarenta e um processos de denúncias de infrações éticas concluídos e arquivados no período.
Comentário ao texto: “Despolitização e antipolítica: a extrema-direita na crise da democracia”, de Luis Felipe Miguel
Authors: Montenegro David Moreno
Published: September 2021

O texto pretende dialogar com as reflexões elaboradas pelo professor e cientista político Luis Felipe Miguel em seu artigo Despolitização e antipolítica: a extrema-direita na crise da democracia, em que abordou o tema A ascensão da extrema direita e as consequências para as democracias. A importância de pensarmos sobre essas questões reside, nestes tempos turbulentos, na sua centralidade para a teoria crítica que busque elaborar interpretações consistentes sobre os desafios que enfrentamos hoje.
Despolitização e antipolítica: a extrema-direita na crise da democracia
Authors: Miguel Luis Felipe
Published: September 2021

Texto para o debate do V. 13, n. 2 (2021).
PELATIHAN PROGRAM PENDAMPINGAN PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA KRISTEN CITRA BANGSA KUPANG DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PENBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ)
Authors: Simanjuntak Junihot M. , Setio Agus , Lumban Toruan Arnes Dela , Zebua Febri Yanti , Nullik Simson
Published: September 2021

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah: 1) Untuk meninjau peranan guru dalam penyusunan perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh agar berjalan dengan efektif dilapangan sesuai dengan perencanaan yang sudah disusun. 2) Memberikan pembelajaran jarak jauh yang diminati oleh peserta didik sesuai dengan pembelajaran yang telah terprogram. Bentuk kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan pembelajaran jarak jauh peserta didik  SMA Kristen Citra Bangsa Kupang. Peserta kegiatan ini terdiri dari: 1) Guru-guru SMA Kristen Citra Bangsa Kupang, dan 2) Peserta didik kelas X, XI, dan XII. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode mengajar menggunakan video, ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Hasil kegiatan pendampingan adalah 1) terjadinya peningkatan kemampuan guru-guru SMA Kristen Citra Kupang dalam penyusunan program pembelajaran jarak jauh setelah diberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan; dan 2) terjadinya peningkatan keterampilan guru- guru SMA Kristen Citra Bangsa Kupang dalam mengimplementasikan pembelajaran jarak jauh setelah diberikan pendampingan.
Medical support in children's camp: problems and solutions
Authors: Sedova Anna S. , Protsenko Leonid M.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. High-quality medical support is an essential component of effective and safe recreation of children in the camp. Aim is a scientific substantiation of improving the system of medical care in the camps. Material and methods. A survey of 353 directors of day and stationary camps was conducted in the fall of 2020. Results. The most pressing medical problems of the system of medical care of children in the camp were identified: lack of medical personnel (in 46.3% of camps); difficulties with licensing medical activities in the camp (in 15.8% of camps); low qualifications of medical personnel and medical literacy of pedagogical personnel in matters of medical support for camps (in 7.1% and 10.7% of camps, respectively); the inaccuracy of information available in the camp about the state of health of children in the medical certificates of children (in 22.6% of camps). 74.6% of directors pointed to the problems of interaction with the parents of children (unwillingness to provide children with medical certificates or necessary additional information about the state of health of children, refusal to receive treatment prescribed in the camp, etc.). Conclusion. It is necessary to improve the legal regulation in the field of children’s recreation; provision of camps with qualified medical personnel; educational programs on medical care for children in the camp for teachers; increasing the responsibility for the health of children during their rest period of medical organizations that draw up medical documents for children in front of the camp, as well as parents of children.
Professional medical consultation: history and modernity
Authors: Rapoport Irina K. , Ganuzin Valerij M. , Biryukova Nataliya V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the 100-year period (1921-2021) of the development of medical professional orientation (MPO) and medical professional counseling (MPC) in Russia. The aim of MPO is a helping student to develop their professional self-determination, taking into account the state of their health and the possible adverse impact of occupational factors on the pathogenesis of existing health disorders. MPO is performed by a doctor in two forms. The first is to introduce adolescents and their parents to the medical problems of choosing a profession. The second - MPC - individual counselling of persons with health disorders and specific recommendations on occupations, places of study and rational employment. Medical professional counselling is a necessary element of medical support for schoolchildren. Over the past 100 years, the theoretical and methodological approaches to conducting MPO and MPC have changed. The purpose of this expert-analytical study is to determine the relevance, prominent trends, features and challenges of professional medical counselling in current socio-economic, scientific and technical conditions. Material and methods. scientific literature and methodological documents on the issues of occupational health of adolescents, MPO and MPC; 35-year experience of conducting MPC of adolescents in Yaroslavl (more than 3,500 schoolchildren), the experience of teaching the basics of MPC to students at the pediatric faculties of Sechenov University and Yaroslavl State Medical University, and experience of conducting career guidance work in the “Medical Sechenov Pre-University.” Results. The concept, principles, methods, and regulatory documents required for the MPO and MPC have been established to have undergone specific changes in connection with scientific and technological progress, new scientific data on the impact of occupational factors on the health of adolescents, changes in the structure of school morbidity, transformations in the system of vocational education and the reform of socio-economic conditions in Russia. Conclusions. Professional medical consultation remains relevant, methodological approaches require changes in connection with the digitalization of the economy, and the circle of consultants should include adolescents and young people.
The influence of harmful environmental factors on the dermatological health of the population
Authors: Zhadan Irina Yu. , Yatsyna Irina V. , Krasavina Evgeniya K. , Beshlyy Yaroslav V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. A significant level of dermatological morbidity requires consideration of the influence of external environmental factors on the development and progression of skin pathology. Purpose: to assess the structure of dermatological morbidity of the population exposed to harmful environmental factors, with the definition of priority for the children’s population. Objectives were to assess the structure of dermatological morbidity of the population exposed to harmful environmental factors, with the priority for the children’s population of the Mytishchi district of the Moscow Region. Material and methods: statistical data on the morbidity of the children’s population of the Mytishchi district of the Moscow Region and the dermatological department of the Institute of General and Occupational Pathology of the Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Human Wellbeing. Data on pollution by harmful environmental factors of the district, social and hygienic monitoring data in the Mytishchi district on pollution by harmful environmental factors, using mathematical statistics methods (correlation dependence, Student’s coefficient). Results. Residents of the Mytishchi district are exposed to adverse environmental factors, the children’s population is most susceptible to their influence. The greatest influence belongs to the pollution of atmospheric air and water. The most common skin pathology in children includes atopic dermatitis and eczema. Statistics of inpatient dermatological care for 2017-2019 in the profile department of the Institute of General and Occupational Pathology of the F.F. Erisman data indicate a similar distribution of skin pathology in the adult population. Conclusions. The obtained data require in-depth preventive examinations in organized children’s groups at regional enterprises to detect early forms of diseases and comprehensive hygienic preventive measures to improve the state of the environment in the Mytishchi district of the Moscow Region.
Endothelial dysfunction as a new concept of early prevention of diseases of the cardiorespiratory system in workers of dust occupations
Authors: Denisova Elena A. , Rushkevich Oksana P. , Nenenko Olga I.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The development of ferruginous quartzites of the Kursk magnetic anomaly basin is accompanied by the release of dust, which affects miners. Identification of markers of preclinical pathology of the cardiorespiratory system (CRS) is relevant. Objective is to identify markers of endothelial dysfunction (ED) (endothelin-1 (ET-1), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), changes in the elastic properties of blood vessels) at the preclinical stage of the development of pathology of the cardiovascular system and pathology of the respiratory organs in workers of dust occupations with different experience. Material and methods: Medical documentation (812 persons, the period from 2008 to 2015), systematized and statistically processed. ET-1 and BNP were determined by enzyme immunoassay. The central hemodynamics was studied by the method of volumetric compression oscillometry. Results. A significant correlation was established between the prevalence of diseases of the cardiovascular system (CCC), work experience in harmful conditions, and the peculiarities of the production process, r = 0.36-0.44; r = 0.48-0.64; the development of respiratory pathology with the production process and experience, r = 0.52-0.61, r = 0.41-0.47. The structure of morbidity is mainly formed by respiratory diseases - from 5.7 % to 40%; the third rank place (7.8-10.0%) is occupied by CCC diseases. A number of the examined patients have combined cardiorespiratory pathology (CRP) - 42.4%. The changes are more typical for highly trained workers. The study revealed: an increase in the pulse wave velocity (p = 0.037); linear blood flow velocity (p = 0.029), a decrease in arterial compliance (p = 0.031) with an increase in peripheral vascular resistance (p = 0.031), signs of ED (increase in ET-1, BNP). Discussion. Changes in ET-1, BNP, elastic-elastic properties of the main vessels more often developed in highly trained workers. They manifested by the development of ED, occurring as an unfavourable factor in the early appearance and progression of bronchial obstruction followed by the formation of a chronic pulmonary heart, remodelling of the main vessels. Conclusion. The study of ED is an urgent problem for studying with the subsequent optimization of therapeutic and preventive measures at mining enterprises.
On the issue of assessing the occupational risk of diseases of dust aetiology
Authors: Egorova Anna M. , Lutsenko Lydia A. , Sukhova Anna V. , Kolyuka Vyacheslav V. , Fedorovich Gennady V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. In the Russian Federation, occupational diseases associated with exposure to industrial aerosols occupy third place in the structure of occupational pathology. The predominant forms of occupational diseases included chronic dust bronchitis, pneumoconiosis( silicosis), chronic obstructive (asthmatic) bronchitis. For an objective assessment of dust exposure and calculation of the occupational health risk of employees of “dust” professions, it is advisable to clarify the criteria and methodology for assessing dust exposure as an independent and informative hygienic characteristic. The purpose of the study is to formulate additional criteria for assessing the risk of exposure to industrial aerosol; to substantiate the methodology for calculating the accumulation of dust particles in the lungs as an informative characteristic of inhaled dust that is subject to hygienic assessment when calculating the dust load, to clarify the methodology for managing the health risk of dust professions workers. Material and methods. The paper uses the technique of mathematical modelling. The calculation of the time of finding dust particles, taking into account their dispersion in various parts of the tracheobronchial tree, was carried out. Results. Taking into account the methodology for calculating the dust exposure by the value of the inhaled dust mass, additional criteria for assessing the hazard of exposure to industrial aerosol were formulated; the methodology for calculating the accumulated dust mass (ADM) was justified, the formation of ADM in tracheobronchial tree sites was estimated, taking into account the time dependence of the removal of dust particles of various dispersities from the tracheobronchial tree was estimated. The results of the study contribute to the improvement of hygienic criteria for the danger and harmfulness of working conditions according to the dust factor, the justification of preventive measures. Conclusions. The choice of the ADM index to clarify the information content of the calculated dust load value is justified. Improving the methodology of dust control helps to preserve employees’ health and reduce the level of occupational and production-related diseases.
Early clinical and laboratory diagnostics of allergodermatoses in electroplating shop workers
Authors: Kryuchkova Elena N. , Jatcyna Irina V. , Antoshina Larisa I.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. At the present stage, the occupational pathology of the skin remains one of the significant medical and social problems. In this regard, special attention is paid to the early diagnosis of sensitization to industrial chemical allergens to target occupational allergic diseases. The aim of the study was to study the changes in clinical and laboratory parameters in the formation of allergic skin diseases in workers during nickel plating. Material and methods. Three hundred eighty-nine employees of the machine-building enterprise were examined. The leading group consisted of 214 people exposed to harmful chemical factors of production. Group of intact persons 175 people is represented by employees who do not come into contact with harmful factors of the production environment. The condition of the skin of workers was analyzed. Laboratory studies of oxidative metabolism and immune status were performed according to unified methods. The nickel content in the urine was determined by voltammetry. Results. At the studied enterprise, 38,3% of workers were diagnosed with occupational skin diseases (epidermosis, allergic dermatitis, eczema). In the formation of dermatological morbidity, an increase in the activity of alkaline (ALPn) and acid (ACPn) phosphatase of neutrophils by 1,7-2.2 times and inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPn) by 1.2-1.5 times relative to the control group was found. On the part of the immune system, there was an activation of the suppressor function of T-lymphocytes (CD8+); B-lymphocytes (CD20+), an increase in the content of immunoglobulins IgG, total IgE, circulating immune complexes by 1.5-2.0 times and a decrease in the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM by 3.0-5.0 times compared to the control. The relationship between the nickel content in the urine of workers and changes in the indicators of ACPn (r = 0.76), MPn (r = -0.87), (CD4+) (r = -0.91), (CD8+) (r = 0,86), general IgE (r = 0.92), indicating the priority role of nickel compounds in the formation of allergodermatoses in workers. Conclusion. The proposed complex of biomarkers aims to detect early the initial forms of allergodermatosis and the formation of risk groups for the timely rehabilitation of electroplating workers.
Health-saving measures in preventing diseases associated with working conditions
Authors: Lapko Inna V. , Zheglova Alla V. , Bogatyreva Inessa A. , Klimkina Kristina V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The health of employees of harmful industries indicates its disadvantage and dependence on behavioural and occupation risk factors, promoting the formation of diseases associated with their impact. In this regard, it is essential to improve hygienic and medical-preventive measures to strengthen and restore the health of the able-bodied population, based on the use of health-saving principles aimed at developing skills for a healthy lifestyle and monitoring predictors of functional disorders of the body and the health of workers. The purpose of the study. Implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive measures using health-saving methods to optimise the production environment and extend the longevity of workers working in harmful working conditions. Material and methods. Two hundred eighty-two employees of the “Starooskolsky plant of automotive electrical equipment named after A.M. Mamonov” exposed to harmful factors of the working environment were examined. The health status of employees was assessed according to the data of periodic and preventive medical examinations, medical documentation, with an assessment of the prevalence of priority classes of diseases. Behavioural risk factors (smoking, physical activity, the nature of nutrition) and associated functional indices of health disorders were studied: body mass index, biochemical indices. A health-saving program was proposed and tested, including an organisational, training and monitoring unit. Results. The health status assessment of the workers of the studied enterprise showed the structure of morbidity to be formed by cardiovascular pathology, diseases of the spine and joints, respiratory organs, the psycho-emotional sphere, endocrinopathy, reaching almost 70%. More than half of the employees are overweight against the background of an unbalanced and irrational diet, a low level of physical activity, and lipid metabolism disorders. The introduction and testing of a preventive program developed on principles of health saving contributed to improving the health of employees and reducing morbidity. Conclusion. The recommended set of health-saving measures contributed to optimising working environment conditions, correcting the state of health of employees, and prolongation of labour longevity.
Assessment of the diagnostic significance of modern biomarkers and hemodynamic alterations in workers of vibration-hazardous occupations
Authors: Melentev Andrey V. , Oshkoderov Oleg A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. One of the most significant tasks in modern labor medicine is to reduce the indicators of early disability in persons in contact with harmful and dangerous factors of the production environment. The issue of finding markers of early preclinical manifestations of vibrational disease and establishing comorbid conditions that are prognostically unfavorable for the course of the underlying occupational disease remains relevant. The purpose of the study is assessment of diagnostic significance of current neurospecific biomarkers and hemodynamic changes in workers of the profession related to vibration. Material and methods. The results of two studies were the basis for this work. The first, aimed at determining the concentration of neurospecific markers in the blood of miners, includes 154 working vibration hazardous professions. At the same time, groups were identified depending on the type of exposure to vibration: total (69 workers), local (24 workers) and combined general and local (61 miners) and control group of workers not in contact with vibration (49 people). The second study was performed to assess the change in hemodynamic parameters among 216 industrial workers, of which 114 people were in contact with vibration generating equipment, and 102 workers were included in the control group. Results. Data from the first study showed an increase in the titer of neuron-specific indicators, mainly protein S100B, depending on the type of exposure vibration and its seniority dose. The second study results indicated an increase in systolic blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance in miners under exposure to vibration factor. Conclusion. The results of both studies suggest that hemodynamic disorders and changes in the performance of neuro specific proteins may be interconnected. It seems advisable to continue the study in workers in vibrant occupations with comorbid pathology.
Problems of professional selection and the effect of the healthy worker in occupational health
Authors: Melentev Andrey V. , Babanov Sergey A. , Strizhakov Leonid A. , Vinnikov Denis V. , Ostryakova Natalya A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The ”healthy worker effect” (HWE) is currently understood as organized (on the part of the employer) and/or unorganized (self-selection on the part of the worker, due to the functional capabilities and state of health of workers in unfavourable working conditions, is one of the most critical problems when conducting epidemiological studies in occupational pathology. Purpose and objectives. Analysis of the problem in occupational health and safety, the scientific and medical terminology used in the study of the issue of occupational health and safety, taking into account the possible inversion of the effect of exposure to harmful and unfavourable working conditions taking into account this phenomenon, as well as the intensity of occupational health and safety in various professional cohorts. Results. When conducting epidemiological studies in occupational health and occupational pathology, it is necessary to unify the scientific and medical terminology used in researching HWE and consider the possible inversion of exposure to harmful and unfavourable working conditions taking into account this phenomenon. Conclusions. HWE and its intensity in various professional cohorts can indirectly characterize the harmfulness and unfavorability of conditions. HWE, its degree of severity and intensity determine the need for medical and social security and rehabilitation measures in these professional cohorts.
FATORES E DETERMINANTES PARA BAIXA COBERTURA VACINAL INFANTIL EM UM MUNICÍPIO DO SUL DO BRASIL.
Authors: Hantt Corrêa  Lima Jonas , Beatris Kochhann Sheila , Renita Burg Maria , De Pellegrin Eduarda , Klering Barros Bruna , Oliveira do Amaral Luciana , Morgan Martins Maria Isabel , Vieira Silva Douglas , Machado Garcia Caroline , Martinelli Flavia Leticia
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A vacinação tem papel fundamental na saúde pública e na prevenção de muitas doenças infectocontagiosas. Cabe ressaltar que a baixa cobertura vacinal é uma problemática mundial, acometendo também o Brasil. Sem dúvida, compreender o cenário das imunizações e os profissionais na linha de frente de vacinação é imprescindível. Objetivo: Caracterizar, sob a ótica dos profissionais de Saúde da Família do município de Canoas/RS, os fatores da baixa cobertura vacinal e os padrões de atitudes desses profissionais para ampliar a cobertura vacinal. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de cunho descritivo-exploratório. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida, durante a capacitação de atualização de vacinas, aos profissionais da Estratégia de Saúde da Família - técnicos de enfermagem (TE) e enfermeiros (E) do município de Canoas/RS, onde foi aplicado instrumentos a respeito da sua percepção em relação a cobertura vacinal. Resultados: Em relação aos instrumentos analisados, foi possível perceber que há uma baixa cobertura vacinal e, como principal motivo, foi desinformação sendo TE (55,8%) e E (57,5%), bem como a falta de conhecimento dos responsáveis pela criança, sendo TE (55,0%) e E (70,6%), e fazer campanhas mais impactantes nas mídias sociais TE (43,3%) e E (45,0%), promove conhecimento. Conclusão: Portanto, estar na linha de frente da vacinação permite que os profissionais possam compreender os motivos da baixa cobertura vacinal e propor soluções para o município de Canoas/RS, melhorar a cobertura vacinal.
A PANDEMIA DO COVID-19 E SEU IMPACTO NA SAÚDE MENTAL DA HUMANIDADE - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: De Almeida Schittini Matheus , Duarte Bassetti Brenda , Cani Gatti Eduarda , Gatti Machado Gabriela , Lopes da Silva Almeida Gabriela , Ferraço Boldrini Luiz Fernando , Serapião Rebelin Mariana , De Oliveira Lourenço André
Published: September 2021

A expansão pandêmica do Covid-19 por mais de 100 países ao redor do mundo fez com que diversos governos decretassem medidas restritivas de mobilidade social, conhecidas como ‘isolamento social’. Associado a isso, uma doença ainda em estudo com possibilidade de causar graves complicações gera medo, ansiedade e estresse. Esse novo cenário pode ter, como efeito colateral, o desenvolvimento ou o agravamento de diversas síndromes de ordem psiquiátrica. Toda a população é afetada no contexto de pandemia, mas cabe ressaltar os profissionais da linha de frente como um grupo de risco para o desenvolvimento de psicopatologias associadas à exaustão, frustrações e sentimento de impotência diante do aumento da exigência imposta á área da saúde. Apesar da relação entre a pandemia e as repercussões para a saúde mental proposta neste trabalho ser um tema com extrema relevância, é sabido que ainda carece de maiores estudos. Essa informação pode ser corroborada com o fato de ser uma doença ainda nova, que precisa de estudos mais profundos em diversas vertentes. Devido a essa carência, o presente estudo buscou informações relevantes em diversas bibliotecas digitais, com o intuito de integrar dados sobre a temática abordada.
The values of traditional Kazakh culture
Authors: Altayev Zhakypbek , Imanbayeva Zhuldyz
Published: September 2021

Eastern (including Kazakh-Turkic) philosophy differs from classical Western philosophy in that it does not make a major distinction between the universals of culture and philosophy. For Kazakh traditional society, philosophizing is characteristic of a non-abstract, extremely generalized, figuratively complete form of reflection. For the most part, philosophical categories and concepts are reflected and enshrined in artistic and religious texts. Therefore, the study of Kazakh philosophers should be conducted in a broader socio-cultural context.
A holistic conceptual understanding of the worldview universals of a nomadic civilization is one of the most urgent tasks of modern Kazakh philosophy. To accomplish this task, we have at our disposal a huge amount of material from the monuments of the Orkhon-Yenisei runic writings, to priceless samples of oral folk art in the form of folk legends, heroic epics, proverbs, and sayings, the poetical and musical heritage of the zhyrau-akyns, etc.
Traditional Kazakh culture is the quintessence and reflection of a special nomadic type of economy. Nomadic civilization is an example of a favorable coexistence between nature and man. An eco-friendly lifestyle was a reflection of the internal attitude towards maintaining harmony between man and nature. At the same time, the Kazakhs managed to create a special socionormative culture based on deep spiritual traditions that widely regulated social relations. The genus origin was the fundamental principle of the individual's self-identification and linked him by inseparable blood ties with the community and the territory of residence as a continuation of his social and natural existence.
A nomadic collective was a hierarchically designed social organism, where human life was strictly regulated. Every action in everyday life had not only practical, but also spiritual meaning, value. Sacralization of actions took place through the ritual. Almost every single thing in everyday life was endowed with symbolic meaning.
Having mastered the methods, principles and categorical apparatus of Western philosophy, modern Kazakh philosophy has become capable of deeply analyzing and actualizing the past examples of the spiritual culture of the Kazakh people. At the same time, it opens itself up to other cultures and thus new opportunities for intercivilizational dialogue appear.