bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTE EXPERIMENTAL NO PLANETÁRIO EXPANDIDO: COSMOPOÉTICAS E PROCESSOS CRIATIVOS COM PROJETORES ANALÓGICOS
Authors: Meireles Matheus Ezequiel de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

ResumoEste artigo se concentra no estudo dos projetores de planetário como ferramentas de criação poética e resulta da colaboração do autor com o Planetário da Universidade Federal de Goiás entre 2018 e 2022. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa baseada na prática artística, que se materializa em um híbrido de narrativa de processo artístico e reflexão teórica. O objetivo central é compartilhar experiências sobre aspectos técnicos, poéticos e processos criativos em planetários analógicos. O tema é abordado sob uma ótica artística que incorpora repertórios de ambientações imersivas, experiências simuladas, audiovisual experimental e cinema expandido, entre outras linguagens próprias à arte contemporânea, experimentadas no planetário em produções cosmopoéticas. Este é o resultado da pesquisa e, também, onde reside sua potência: na contribuição com o processo de difusão de uma prática pouco convencional, abordando uma tecnologia com uma expressiva presença global, mas em crescente risco de substituição por aparelhos digitais. Um campo fértil para experimentações artísticas que precisa ser fomentado.Palavras-chave: Arte em planetários; audiovisual experimental; cosmopoéticas.
POÉTICAS DO CORPO NA LINGUAGEM AUDIOVISUAL: PASSOS, MOVIMENTOS E RECAMINHOS EXPRESSIVOS REGISTRADOS PELA VIDEODANÇA
Authors: Rocha Adriano Medeiros da , Carvalho Paloma Demartini , Silva Gustavo Henrique dos Santos
Published: September 2024

ResumoEsta pesquisa reflete sobre as relações entre audiovisual e performance nas artes cênicas através da série Poéticas do Corpo, desenvolvida pela TV UFOP, em parceria com o curso de Artes Cênicas da mesma IFES. Neste caminho, o estudo propõe imergir e entrecruzar os conceitos de videoarte, videodança, bem como a própria história da TV UFOP, enquanto emissora televisiva diretamente ligada ao audiovisual experimental e aos diálogos construtores formados pela junção entre modalidades artístico-culturais.Palavras-chave: Videoarte; videodança; poéticas do corpo.
Cirugía conservadora de seno y mastectomía para el manejo quirúrgico del cáncer de mama en hombres en estadios tempranos: revisión sistemática
Authors: Duque Raúl , Gallón Luis Javier , Giraldo-Saldarriaga Isabela , Alviar-Ortiz Maria Paula , Henao-Calderón Simón , Vásquez-Trespalacios Elsa María
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: el cáncer de seno en hombres es un diagnóstico subestimado y el tratamiento de elección es la mastectomía. Se han descrito diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas, entre ellas: la cirugía conservadora de mama en comparación con mastectomía simple, sin embargo, aún se desconoce la efectividad real de estas técnicas frente a la menor cantidad de complicaciones. Así que se pretendió evaluar sistemáticamente la literatura científica sobre la efectividad de estas 2 técnicas.Metodología: revisión sistemática de la literatura hasta noviembre del 2022, donde se siguió la metodología Prisma de Cochrane. Se evaluó la mejor evidencia disponible sobre la efectividad de la cirugía conservadora de mama al compararla con la mastectomía tradicional. Otros desenlaces evaluados fueron la sobrevida global y sobrevida libre de enfermedad.Resultados: de 1054 estudios iniciales, 7 cumplieron criterios para su selección y análisis. Ambas técnicas mostraron efectividad adecuada. En cuanto supervivencia libre de enfermedad, tanto a 5 como a 10 años, y supervivencia global no hubo significancia estadística entre las 2 técnicas quirúrgicas. Se evidenciaron más desenlaces negativos cosméticos y funcionales en la mastectomía.Conclusiones: la cirugía conservadora de mama es una opción que se debe considerar en hombres con cáncer de mama, ya que (respecto a supervivencia libre de enfermedad y supervivencia global) no hay diferencia estadística frente a la mastectomía y puede tener mejores desenlaces cosméticos. El papel de la radioterapia adyuvante es tema de nuevos estudios adicionales.
La perspectiva del curso de la vida para la prevención del cáncer cervical: revisión narrativa
Authors: Córdoba-Sánchez Verónica
Published: September 2024

El cáncer cervical es de los más diagnosticados y al mismo tiempo el más prevenible, ya que se han identificado con plenitud las diferentes etapas de su historia natural y se han desarrollado estrategias de prevención acorde a ellas. Sin embargo, esas estrategias no se ven reflejadas en la reducción de la morbilidad y la mortalidad en los países de bajos y medianos ingresos, debido a diferentes problemáticas tanto estructurales como individuales. En la presente revisión narrativa se explora la interacción entre la historia natural de la enfermedad, sus determinantes sociales y el enfoque del curso de vida, así que se analizan las barreras presentes para las estrategias de prevención, como la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH), el tamizaje y el tratamiento de lesiones cancerosas, propuestas en 2020 en la Estrategia Mundial para la Eliminación del Cáncer de Cuello Uterino, para sugerir cómo los esfuerzos intersectoriales pueden contribuir a disminuir las barreras de acceso en la prevención de esta enfermedad.
Praktikum iz ginekologije in porodništva – obvezni posegi
Authors: Dovnik Andraž
Published: September 2024

V tej skripti so opisani posegi, ki jih študent 6. letnika medicine opravlja v sklopu praktičnega pouka ginekologije in porodništva. Namen praktičnega pouka je pridobitev praktičnega znanja, ki je pomembno pri vsakdanjem kliničnem delu, in integracija tega znanja v že predhodno pridobljeno teoretično znanje. Poleg ginekološke anamneze so opisani tudi obvezni posegi, ki jih študent opravlja na oddelku. Opisu postopkov je priloženo tudi slikovno gradivo. Pri vsakem postopku je navedena obvezna oprema, ki je potrebna za izvedbo postopka. Večino posegov opravi študent na oddelku v sodelovanju z lečečim zdravnikom oz. medicinsko sestro. V sklopu praktičnega pouka je predvideno tudi sodelovanje v aseptični operacijski dvorani. V skripti so opisani postopki priprave operativnega polja.
HORTA ESCOLAR
Authors: Jesus Robson Andrade de , Soares Maria José Nascimento , Costa Jailton de Jesus , Silva André Vinícius Bezerra de Andrade
Published: September 2024

Hortas escolares agregam os diferentes saberes e proporcionam práticas educativas que viabilizam a imersão de estudantes em seu meio social e ambiental. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar como ocorreu a implementação da prática educativa do projeto Horta Orgânica do Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, entre 2015 e 2019, por meio da interdisciplinaridade, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, com dados oriundos de depoimentos disponibilizados por docentes e discentes da Educação Básica, discentes do Ensino Superior e técnicos administrativos, analisados segundo Bardin (2011). Os resultados apontaram que, mesmo havendo integração de disciplinas durante ações do projeto, é necessário destinar um olhar à valorização da natureza, ao incentivo em conservar a biodiversidade, respeitando os seus limites.
Deciphering the Putative Genes for the Regression of Chicken Right Ovary during Embryonic and Post Hatch Period
Authors: Mohd Sajeed , Sivalingam Jayakumar , Sridevi B. , Shanmugam M. , Reddy B. Rajith , Chatterjee R.N. , Rajkumar U. , Yadav Satya Pal , Bhattacharya T.K.
Published: September 2024

Background: The asymmetry in the development of the left and right gonads after E8 (stage 34) causes the right ovary to fully retract in chickens by the adult stage. From embryonic days 6–6.5 (E6–6.5/stage 29–30), sex-specific differentiation of the gonads is evident in chickens. Methods: To understand why the right ovary recedes over the embryonic and post-hatch periods, the current study compared the differentially expressed genes on the sixth day (E6) with the twelfth day (E12) and on the first day after hatching (D1). This was accomplished using the NCBI datasets (SRR4029458, SRR4029457, SRR4029464, SRR4029463, SRR4029460, SRR4029459). The functional enrichment and differential gene expression analyses were carried out using Galaxy server, ShinyGO 0.76 and g: Profiler over the duration of the experiment. Result: From E6 to E12, it was found that 373 and 520 were the significantly up- and down-regulated genes that were heterogeneously expressed. Genes such as FGG, APOH, AHSG, HSD17B1, NME7, PROCA1, MLKL and others that were discovered to be highly up-regulated were associated with pathways related to fibrinolysis, endopeptidase inhibitory action, peptidase inhibitory activity, etc. when comparing E12 to E6. Likewise, it has been discovered that the genes differentially expressed from E12 to D1 were 708 and 1136, respectively, significantly up- and down-regulated. Comparing D1 to E12 revealed that the genes (TRAF5, CALML3, FGG, APOH, etc.) that were markedly down-regulated were involved in the pathway that governed programmed cell death. This implied that the right ovary had total degeneration during the post-hatch phase and that there was increased programmed cell death during E12. The genes HSD17B1, STEAP3, NME7, CALML3, PROCA1 and MLKL were involved in many pathways that resulted in the regression of the right ovary, as per the KEGG pathway analysis.
Advances in Artificial Intelligence-aided Intraoral Imaging Analysis in Periodontics
Authors: Aykol Şahin Gökçe
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence has increasingly influenced the field of periodontology by enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning through advanced data-driven techniques. It was aimed to examine the integration of artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning and machine learning, in analyzing intraoral photographs for periodontal conditions in this review. Periodontal assessments rely on clinical and radiographic evaluations, but artificial intelligence introduces a transformative approach by analyzing large datasets to improve clinical decision-making. The review investigates the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-enhanced intraoral photograph analysis, focusing on methodologies for dataset creation, model development, training, and performance evaluation. A thorough search of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and IEEE Xplore identified 338 articles, with 16 meeting the inclusion criteria. These studies primarily utilized convolutional neural networks and architectures like DeepLabv3+ and U-Net, demonstrating high accuracy in detecting conditions such as gingivitis, dental plaque, and other periodontal issues. The dataset sizes ranged from 110 to 7220 images, affecting the models' generalizability. Most studies employed supervised learning, with models trained on labeled datasets to achieve precise diagnostic outcomes. The review highlights that while artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, including convolutional neural networks and U-Net, offer significant improvements in periodontal diagnostics, the choice of model and the quality of the dataset are crucial for performance. Hybrid approaches that combine automated and expert-driven methods might provide a balance between efficiency and accuracy. The successful integration of artificial intelligence into clinical practice requires continuous validation and adaptation to ensure that these technologies remain accurate and relevant. Future research should focus on enhancing model robustness, expanding dataset diversity, and refining clinical applications to fully exploit the potential of artificial intelligence in periodontology.
Um olhar sobre o passado, o presente e o futuro no GT Trabalho, Subjetividade e Práticas Clínicas
Authors: Schlindwein Vanderleia de Lurdes Dal Castel , Leda Denise Bessa , Martins Soraya Rodrigues , Ghizoni Liliam Deisy , Vieira Fernando de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar à comunidade científica as produções queentrelaçam pesquisadores do Grupo de Trabalho (GT) Trabalho, Subjetividade e PráticasClínicas, também refletir sobre a trajetória histórica sobre o passado, o presente e asperspectivas futuras deste coletivo, vinculado à Associação Nacional de Pesquisa ePós-graduação em Psicologia (ANPEPP), desde 2006. Neste decurso, vem sendo construídoscaminhos exitosos de sólidas publicações científicas, criação da Revista Trabalho En (Cena),produção de eventos científicos bianuais (simpósios e congressos), entre outros, com o intuitode fomentar o diálogo em busca da ampliação das abordagens utilizadas nas pesquisas e naspráticas clínicas, para além da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho (PdT), articulada à psicologiasocial crítica do mundo do trabalho. Esse percurso traz para o tempo presente uma PdT eminterface com outras disciplinas e uma interdisciplinaridade que atravessa o debate teórico, aspesquisas e as práticas clínicas, com intersecção nas questões de gênero, raça e desigualdadede classe no mundo do trabalho. Diante desta contextualização, o dossiê representa modos deresistir-existir, de quase 20 anos, construindo pressupostos teóricos-metodológicos quesustentam as produções conjuntas, de diferentes pesquisadores (as) de universidades, regiõesbrasileiras e, também, de outros países.
Um olhar decolonial para a psicologia do trabalho no Brasil: Epistemologias e imaginários para além da mercado-lógica do capital
Authors: Guimarães Junior Sergio Dias , Freitas Lêda Gonçalves de
Published: September 2024

A intenção deste ensaio é formular proposições críticas ao campo da psicologia do trabalho noBrasil a partir de contribuições epistemológicas decoloniais. Para tal, primeiramente foramapresentados aspectos conceituais da filosofia do Bem Viver, proveniente dos povosoriginários, andino e amazônico, e sua pertinência para a construção de uma descolonizaçãointelectual e das práticas em psicologia do trabalho com vistas a imaginar outraspossibilidades de pesquisa e intervenção que problematizam a realidade laboral e os modos deprodução e acumulação de capital. Em seguida, buscou-se demarcar a potência da noção deinterseccionalidade, proveniente do feminismo negro, como importante operadorético-político para uma atuação crítica no campo da psicologia do trabalho no país, marcadotradicionalmente pela hegemonia de saberes tecnicistas, disciplinares, adaptacionistas eclassificatórios pautados no paradigma euroamericano e na colonialidade do poder, do saber edo trabalhar. Propõe-se, a partir deste exercício decolonial, tensionar saberes e práticasinstituídos e refundar as bases científicas da psicolologia do trabalho no Brasil visandomobilizar uma atuação efetivamente crítica em prol dos mecanismos das lutas plurais pordireitos, pela proteção da saúde e pela afirmação da dignidade para que seja possível imaginaroutros modos de vida, trabalho e psicologia para além da mercado-lógica do capital.
Masculinidades no contexto esportivo: Impactos na saúde mental de atletas profissionais
Authors: Nunes Cyntia , Labiak Fernanda Pereira
Published: September 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como as masculinidades são manifestadas nocontexto esportivo e de que maneira as intervenções da psicologia do esporte podemcontribuir para desconstruir padrões prejudiciais de comportamento. Para tanto, foi realizadauma revisão integrativa da literatura, que estabelece quatro etapas: identificação do problemade pesquisa, definição dos critérios para extração e seleção dos documentos, procedimentospara análise dos documentos selecionados, análise dos resultados e limitações da revisão.Com base nos resultados desta pesquisa, foram organizadas 4 categorias para discussão. Aprimeira categoria diz respeito ao fenômeno do esporte como profissão, compreendendo33,33% dos documentos selecionados. A segunda categoria está centrada nas masculinidadesno contexto esportivo, abrangendo 33,33% dos documentos analisados. A terceira categoriainvestiga a relação entre saúde mental e masculinidades, sendo abordada em 14,81% dosdocumentos selecionados. Por fim, a quarta categoria trata das intervenções da psicologia doesporte na desconstrução de estereótipos de gênero e na promoção da igualdade,representando 22,22% dos documentos. Pondera-se, portanto, que a reflexão acerca dasmasculinidades no contexto esportivo desempenha um papel essencial na desconstrução deestereótipos de gênero e na promoção da igualdade.
Reflexões sobre a subjetividade social de um órgão público e da administração pública brasileira a partir de sua configuração na subjetividade individual de um servidor
Authors: Lago Alysson de Carvalho Pinheiro , Mori Valéria Deusdará , Vaz Amanda Maria de Albuquerque
Published: September 2024

A pesquisa aqui relatada teve como objetivo compreender, à luz da Teoria da Subjetividade,a subjetividade social de um órgão público, e da administração pública brasileira como umtodo, a partir de sua configuração na subjetividade individual de um servidor público.Utilizou-se o método construtivo-interpretativo em um estudo de caso cujo participante foiVálter (nome fictício). Concluiu-se que, no órgão em questão e na administração públicabrasileira em geral, há uma configuração subjetiva dominante da técnica e da política comosendo excludentes uma da outra, estando a técnica identificada à ausência de política, e apolítica, reduzida à politicagem. Isto favorece: a) que os servidos públicos sejam vistos etratados, pela alta gestão, como peças cuja função é unicamente articular seus interesses, e b)que os servidores públicos, ao se perceberem como técnicos idealmente livres de política,acabem tendo diminuídas a quantidade e a qualidade de possibilidades que poderiam gerarem seus cotidianos. Concluiu-se ainda que, quando a política é configurada subjetivamentepelos servidores públicos como dimensão humana fundamental, favorecendo o cultivo dehabilidades políticas para/em seu diálogo com a alta gestão, também se facilita que eles sedesenvolvam subjetivamente, e que experienciem satisfação/realização em seu ambiente detrabalho.
The impact of aging method on the age-at-death distribution: a case of medieval Staraya Ladoga skeletal sample
Authors: Shirobokov I.G. , Pavlova M.S.
Published: September 2024

The problem of estimating age-at-death structures using different methods is examined through the medieval skeletal sample from Staraya Ladoga. A comparative analysis of age estimates obtained using traditional age determination methods and a new method proposed by a group of British and American researchers, Transition Analysis 3 (TA3), was carried out. The skeletal distributions were compared with those based on data from pre-industrial societies. The age-at-death distributions under TA3 showed significant similarity to data from Russia in the second half of the 19th century. The average age of death estimated within the traditional approach was 24,6 years, and among those who died older than 15 years, it was 41,1 years. The adjusted estimates from TA3 were 27,7 and 48,4 years, respectively. Employing the regression model proposed by J.P. Bocquet-Appel, a rough esti-mate of the life expectancy (e0) of medieval inhabitants of Staraya Ladoga was derived, considering the juvenility index and the estimated rate of natural increase. The most likely value of the e0 is in the range of 22–30 years.
Food of the Siberian Tatars in the ethno-cultural processes of the 17th–18th centuries (by the materials of the culture of the Tomsk group of Tatars)
Authors: Tomilov N.A.
Published: September 2024

In the paper, the food of the Tomsk group of the Siberian Tatars of the 17th–18th centuries, settled in the Tomsk Ob River basin (Western Siberia), is analysed. The aim of the research is to determine and characterise ethno-cultural processes in the food of the Siberian Tatars of the 17th–18th centuries and to identify the role of these processes in the increase of the proportion of common phenomena in the material culture of the Tomsk Tatars as a result of their interaction, first of all, with the Russians. The research sources are represented by the materials and information about food complexes and composition of food dishes of the Tomsk Tatars from the works of travellers and scientists of the 17th–18th centuries, as well as by the results of archaeological and ethno-graphic studies on the economy and material culture of the Siberian Tatars, and materials on ethnography of the Russians of Siberia in the 17th–18th centuries. The method of socio-historical analysis, historical-comparative method, and, in some cases, the method of quantitative analysis have been employed in the paper. The work contains descriptions of the food products consumed by the Tomsk Tatars in the 17th–18th centuries: fish, meat, vegetables, and imported products (salt, spices, cereals and others), as well as the methods of stockpiling and processing of foodstuff, preparing food dishes and consuming them, and also a description of household utensils intended for the food preparation and consumption. In addition to the results of the comprehensive characterisa-tion of the food culture of the Tomsk group of the Siberian Tatars, conclusions have been drawn on the changes in this area of the material culture and on the ethno-cultural processes in the food of the Tomsk Tatars.
On the boundaries of “Zhetysu” and “Semirechye” in scholarly works, Kazakh folklore and general fiction
Authors: Rogozhinskiy A.E. , Kaldybayeva G.A.
Published: September 2024

The article summarizes the results of the study of the macrotoponyms ‘Zhetysu’ and ‘Semirechye’ (South-Eastern Kazakhstan) widely used in archaeological science and oriental studies since the second half of the 19th century up until the present time. The aim of the study is to advance the research on the clarification of the toponyms ‘Zhe-tysu’ and ‘Semirechye’ and to propose their proper use in the archaeological science. In this paper, we expand the range of the sources in order to verify the main provisions of the previous study on the materials of Kazakh folklore and literature of the 19th — early 20th c. The results of the focused study are the following: the term ‘Zhe-tysu’ originated in the end of the 18th — beginning of the 19th century, before its Russian translation as ‘Semire-chye’. Initially, ‘Zhetysu’ denoted difficult sections of caravan roads in the north and south-east of Kazakhstan, along which Russia’s international trade with Middle Asia and China was carried out. The toponym ‘Semirechye’ appeared around 1825 and was first used as a geographical name of the Southern Balkhash region, and after the creation of the Semirechenskaya Oblast (1867) it designated its administrative-territorial boundaries. In the latter meaning, the toponym was used until the 1930s. Since the 1930s, A.N. Bernshtam, breaking with the histo-riographic tradition, introduced into scientific discourse an erroneously extended meaning of ‘Semirechye’, which includes the Chu-Talas interfluve. In the Kazakh folklore, the toponym ‘Zhetysu’ appeared not earlier than the last third of the 19th century, as the Kazakh translation of ‘Semirechye’ after creation of the Semirechenskaya Oblast. The lack of understanding by Kazakh authors of the concrete territorial boundaries of ‘Zhetysu’ makes the syn-onymous replacement of the toponym ‘Semirechye’ incorrect. The current administrative region of Zhetysu occu-pies a part of Semirechye, i.e., South-Eastern Kazakhstan, that includes only the territory north of the Ili River.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN NOMOR INDUK BERUSAHA (NIB) UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN UMKM MILIK MAHASISWA BINAAN FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA
Authors: Agustina Tri Siwi , Sutrisno Destina Tri Hutami
Published: September 2024

Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB) sangat penting bagi pemilik usaha, terutama bagi mereka yang sedang mengembangkan usahanya karena NIB dapat menjaga legalitas dan integritas suatu produk. Namun, masih banyak pemilik usaha yang belum menyadari pentingnya memiliki NIB. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, penulis termotivasi untuk membantu UMKM milik mahasiswa yang merupakan program dari Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Airlangga untuk mendapatkan NIB. Pemilik usaha dapat melakukan pendaftaran pada sistem online melalui website Online Single Submission (OSS) untuk mendapatkan NIB. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas bagaimana cara memperoleh NIB melalui sistem online dan manfaatnya dalam membantu beberapa mahasiswa yang memiliki usaha binaan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Airlangga untuk memperoleh NIB. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi web OSS memberikan informasi yang berharga. Pemilik usaha dapat mengajukan permohonan NIB tanpa mengubah izin usaha atau operasionalnya dengan cara mengaktifkan akun OSS, mengisi data perusahaan pada sistem OSS, melengkapi informasi perizinan yang telah dimiliki sebelumnya, setelah itu sistem OSS akan menerbitkan NIB untuk pemilik usaha
The physician-to-physician health-care barriers—a phenomenological study
Authors: DeJong Cornelis A.J. , Soeters Els M. , van Rijn Leendert , Iskandar Shelly , Jokubonis Darius , Pool Grieteke
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study examines attitudes consisting of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (T-F-B) chains experienced in imagination by physicians before and during their own treatment as patients and before and during the treatment of other physicians as patients. Methods: Ninety-six physicians from three countries completed a questionnaire about their imagined attitudes in four situations: “before and during your visit to a physician as a patient” and “before and during a visit to you, as a physician, by another physician in the capacity of a patient”. These questionnaires were retrolectively and qualitatively analyzed. Results: All four situations evoked negative and/or stressful T-F-B reaction chains. Some of these chains were related to the context of two physicians meeting, such as feelings of shame when asking for medical care from another physician and fear of failing as the consulting physician. Conclusion: There are specific barriers to physicians seeking treatment from and providing treatment to other physicians, particularly feelings of shame on both sides. A questionnaire based on these results could be used to study larger and more diverse populations. Aspiring physicians can learn what it means to ask for medical treatment as a physician, potentially reducing anxiety or insecurity, and fostering greater compassion for their patients. Attention to these issues could be incorporated into communication training within the medical curriculum.
Dual-input Dual-stream Network with Two-fold Margin Loss for Improved Brain Tumor Detection on MRI Images
Authors: Kaloi Mumtaz Ali , Ali Riaz , Hajano Nazim Hussain , Chan Abdul Sattar Sattar , Babbar Irfan Ali , Ali Asif
Published: September 2024

Brain tumor being one of the major health hazards always needs a prompt diagnosis for the early treatment options to improve the chances of the survival of the patients. Traditional manual assessment of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to identify these conditions is a common practice. Hence, automation of the diagnosis practices can considerably improve the quality of the treatment procedures. In recent years almost every method for the automated diagnosis of brain tumor detection uses a deep learning technique. Despite decent works current techniques need a significant improvement to produce better results. Along with failure to produce decent results, the current deep learning models present very complex architectures which sometimes require huge computational resources. Therefore, in this paper we present a novel method that uses a lightweight dual-stream model with dual-input to detect brain tumors on MRI images. Both the inputs use different pre-processing mechanisms based on Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and White Patch Retinex algorithm in order to enhance the feature learning capabilities of the proposed model. In addition, the proposed method uses a two-fold margin loss to boost training process for better feature learning. The proposed method produces state-of-the-art results for the detection of Glioma, Meningioma and Pituitary tumors. The model presents accuracy of 99%, 98% and 99% respectively for Glioma, Meningioma and Pituitary tumor detection.
General Dynamics and Generation Mapping for Collatz-Type Sequences
Authors: Goyal Gaurav
Published: September 2024

Let an odd integer \(\mathcal{X}\) be expressed as $\left\{\sum\limits_{M > m} b_M 2^M\right\} + 2^m - 1,$ where $b_M \in \{0, 1\}$ and $2^m - 1$ is referred to as the Governor. In Collatz-type functions, a high index Governor is eventually reduced to $2^1 - 1$. For the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence, the Governor occurring in the Trivial cycle is $2^1 - 1$, while for the $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence, the Trivial Governors are $2^2 - 1$ and $2^1 - 1$. Therefore, in these specific sequences, the Collatz function reduces the Governor $2^m - 1$ to the Trivial Governor $2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1$. Once this Trivial Governor is reached, it can evolve to a higher index Governor through interactions with other terms. This feature allows $\mathcal{X}$ to reappear in a Collatz-type sequence, since $2^m - 1 = 2^{m - 1} + \cdots + 2^{\mathcal{T} + 1} + 2^{\mathcal{T}} + (2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1).$ Thus, if $\mathcal{X}$ reappears, at least one odd ancestor of $\left\{\sum\limits_{M > m} b_M 2^M\right\} + 2^{m - 1} + \cdots + 2^{\mathcal{T} + 1} + 2^{\mathcal{T}} + (2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1)$ must have the Governor $2^m - 1$. Ancestor mapping shows that all odd ancestors of $\mathcal{X}$ have the Trivial Governor for the respective Collatz sequence. This implies that odd integers that repeat in the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence have the Governor $2^1 - 1$, while those forming a repeating cycle in the $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence have either $2^2 - 1$ or $2^1 - 1$ as the Governor. Successor mapping for the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence further indicates that there are no auxiliary cycles, as the Trivial Governor is always transformed into a different index Governor. Similarly, successor mapping for the $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence reveals that the smallest odd integers forming an auxiliary cycle are smaller than $2^5$. Finally, attempts to identify integers that diverge for the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence suggest that no such integers exist.
Integrated Optimization of Large Language Models: Synergizing Data Utilization and Compression Techniques
Authors: Li Xinjin , Ma Yu , Huang Yangchen , Wang Xingqi , Lin Yuzhen , Zhang Chenxi
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we propose "Synergized Efficiency Optimization for Large Language Models" (SEO-LLM), a groundbreaking approach that integrates advanced data utilization and model compression techniques to significantly enhance the performance, efficiency, and scalability of large language models (LLMs). Our method synergistically combines Adaptive Data Augmentation (ADA), Transfer- Active Learning (TAL), Adaptive Iterative Pruning (AIP), and Synergistic Quantization and Distillation (SQD). These components work together to reduce the training data requirement by 30%, compress model size by 67.6%, and improve inference speed by up to 50%, while preserving or even enhancing model accuracy across various NLP tasks. ADA dynamically adjusts augmentation strategies to optimize model generalization, while TAL leverages pre-trained models to focus learning on the most informative data samples. AIP intelligently prunes less significant weights, and SQD harmonizes quantization with knowledge distillation to achieve high compression rates without significant performance loss. The synergy between these techniques makes SEO-LLM a robust solution for deploying LLMs in resource-constrained environments, maintaining state-of-the-art performance with a fraction of the computational and data resources.
Enhancing Cardiovascular Risk Prediction: Development of an Advanced Xgboost Model with Hospital-Level Random Effects
Authors: Dong Tim , Oronti Iyabosola Busola , Sinha Shubhra , Freitas Alberto , Zhai Bing , Chan Jeremy , Fudulu Daniel P , Caputo Massimo , Angelini Gianni D.
Published: September 2024

Background: Ensemble tree-based models such as Xgboost are highly prognostic in cardiovascular medicine, as measured by the Clinical Effectiveness Metric (CEM). However, their ability to handle correlated data, such as hospital-level effects, are limited.
Objectives: The aim of this work is to develop a binary outcome mixed effects Xgboost (BME) model that integrates random effects at the hospital level. To ascertain how well the model handles correlated data in cardiovascular outcomes, we aims to assess its performance and compare it to fixed effects Xgboost and traditional logistic regression models.
Methods: A total of 227,087 patients over 17 years of age, undergoing cardiac surgery from 42 UK hospitals between 1 Jan 2012 and 31 Mar 2019 were included. The dataset was split into two cohorts: Training/Validation (n = 157196; 2012-2016) and Holdout (n = 69891; 2017-2019). The outcome variable was 30 days mortality with hospitals considered as clustering variable. The logistic regression, mixed effects logistic regression, Xgboost and binary outcome mixed effects Xgboost (BME) were fitted to both standardized and unstandardized datasets across a range of sample sizes and the estimated prediction power metrics were compared to identify the best approach.
Results: The exploratory study found high variability in hospital-related mortality across datasets, which supported the adoption of mixed effects models. Unstandardized Xgboost BME demonstrated marked improvements in predictor power over the Xgboost model at small sample size ranges, but performance differences decreased as dataset sizes increased. Generalized linear models (glm) and generalized linear mixed-effects models (glmer) models followed similar results, with Xgboost models excelling also at greater sample sizes.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that integrating mixed effects into machine learning models can enhance their applicability in clinical settings where sample size is small such as rare conditions.
Effects of the Spatial Distribution of Activities and Gender Issues in Travel Behavior in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region
Authors: Montero Lídia , Mejía-Dorantes Lucía , Barceló Jaume
Published: September 2024

Transport systems are essential in the path towards sustainable urbanisation and the transition to more sustainable living. Recently, European cities have undergone substantial changes, owing to which suburbanisation is posing new challenges. Suburban areas are often more affordable in terms of housing, but their neighbourhoods tend to be car-oriented. This leads to higher commuter costs, immobility, transport and time poverty, pollution, and accident rates and a lack of social interaction. To offer sustainable mobility options to citizens, we must comprehensively understand their specific mobility practices, together with their personal characteristics, and the built environment. This study centred on the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, which has a public transport network that covers the entire area. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between travel behaviour, transport mode use, individual characteristics, and place of residence, using detailed information sources. Herein, we used data from the annual travel survey conducted in the Barcelona region from 2018 to 2021, together with land-use and other information sources. Our findings suggest that transport policies have encouraged sustainable mobility practices, particularly in the centre of Barcelona. Despite the positive results, considerable disparities exist between the inner and outer city, with notably decreased sustainable mobility practices in the latter. Our results indicate that promoting sustainable mobility policies requires further changes in transport, city, and land-use planning that consider equity, the socioeconomic profile of citizens, and mixed urban planning.
The Synthesis of a Two-Circuit Steering Mechanism of the Ackerman Transport Mobile Robot
Authors: Tuleshov Amandyk , Tuleshov Yerkebulan , Kuatova Moldir , Kamal Aziz , Kerimkulov Daniyar
Published: September 2024

In wheeled vehicles, there exists a challenge concerning the alignment of the front wheels during turns. When both wheels are turned to the same extent, the inner wheel experiences lateral slippage on the road surface, resulting in reduced steering efficiency. Such problems can be solved by using the Ackermann principle. There are two approaches: through the steering mechanism or by employing autonomous wheel control. From a technical standpoint, it is achievable to synthesize a steering mechanism that fulfills the Ackermann condition, ensuring as accurately as possible for any given turning radius. This research paper focuses on synthesizing a steering mechanism, specifically a two-circuit linkage that links the left and right wheels. The structure and kinematics of this mechanism are being investigated. Following the principles of Ackermann, an objective function for the kinematic synthesis of the mechanism has been formulated. The synthesis process of the mechanism is conducted using the analytical method of interpolation in four parameters. A dedicated method has been developed, and kinematic analysis of the mechanism using the synthesized parameters has been performed. The simulation results have demonstrated high accuracy in achieving the desired implementation of the Ackermann condition.
Detrimental Effects of Abiotic Stress on Wheat and Its Management Techniques
Authors: Alam Mohammad Nur , Islam Md. Zaherul , Farukh Murad Ahmed , Chan Zhulong , Akhter Mst. Masuma , Abedin Md. Tanvir , Hossain Md. Monoar
Published: September 2024

Worldwide the severity of abiotic stress like heat, drought, salinity, cold, waterlogging, etc. are being increased because of global warming. Wheat crops must adapt to harsh environments through physiological, molecular, and genetic manipulation. Because of abiotic stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) produced in wheat plants break down DNA and RNA bases, protein, lipid, and other macro- and micromolecules, resulting in stunted growth and yield decline. Abiotic stress also induces the crop's molecular functions, physiological, biological, and cellular processes, and their compositions. Different stressors like high light intensity, heat, drought, and salinity also impair photosynthesis damaging various pigments. Antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), etc. synthesized in harsh environments can ameliorate ROS/RNS produced in oxidative stress. Under abiotic stress, heat shock proteins (HSPs) heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) in heat stress, and dehydration-responsive element binding proteins (DREBs) in drought stress are activated to synthesize proteins to mitigate the deleterious effects of those stressors. Na+ exclusive genes (NAX1, NAX2) and Na+/H+ (K+) antiporter genes (NHX1, NHX2) hinder those ions from uptake into leaf sheaths and blades of wheat resulting in the declination of salinity in plants. Exogenous hormones like gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, and melatonin, etc., and osmoprotectants like proline, and gene manipulation in plants through genetic engineering are being employed to mitigate the toxic effects of abiotic stress on plants, as portrayed in many literatures. The review depicts how abiotic stress affects phenotypic, physiological, and molecular structures and functions of wheat crops, and their mitigation strategies to lessen their noxious effects on wheat.
Effort-Reward Imbalance and Passion Exploitation: A Narrative Review and a New Perspective
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke
Published: September 2024

This paper provides a narrative review of previous research on effort-reward imbalance and passion exploitation, and provides a perspective for future research. Previous research has shown that ERI can cause work stress, negative economic behavior such as job turnover, and illnesses such as metabolic syndrome. Previous research also claims that loyal and generous people, as well as young people and women, are more likely to be targets of passion exploitation. However, there are unresolved issues in previous research, such as (i) the mechanism by which effort-reward imbalance leads to stress and illness, (ii) there is a lack of research on what types of jobs are more likely to experience imbalance, and (iii) there is a lack of research on what level of imbalance is acceptable, and therefore further research is required. To this end, this study recommends addressing these challenges through the integration of ERI and passion exploitation theory.
Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Like Manifestations
Authors: Yamahara Naoki , Takekoshi Akira , Kimura Akio , Shimohata Takayoshi
Published: September 2024

Advances in diagnostic procedures have led to an increasing rate of diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis or paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (AE/PNS) among patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)-like manifestations. The antibodies involved in these conditions include anti-IgLON5, -Ma2, and -Ri antibodies, each of which has a characteristic clinical presentation. The steps in the diagnosis of AE/PNS in patients with PSP-like manifestations include (i) suspicion of AE/PNS based on clinical presentations atypical of PSP and (ii) antibody detection measures. Methods used to identify antibodies include a combination of tissue-based assays and confirmatory tests. The primary confirmatory tests include cell-based assays and immunoblotting (line or western blot). Treatments can be divided into immunotherapy and tumor therapies, the former of which includes acute and maintenance therapies comprising corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis, rituximab, and cyclophosphamide. One of the major challenges of diagnosis is that existing reports on PSP-like patients with AE/PNS include only case reports, with the majority discussing antibodies other than anti-IgLON5 antibody. As such, more patients need to be evaluated to establish the relationship between antibodies and PSP-like manifestations.
Optimizing the Scheduling of Teaching Activities in a Faculty
Authors: Diallo Francis Patrick , Tudose Cătălin
Published: September 2024

To maximize resource usage, minimize disputes, and improve academic experience, professors must schedule teaching activities efficiently. This study provides an optimized automated schedule creation technique. The system generates conflict-free, efficient schedules using evolutionary algorithms and multi-objective optimization. Resource usage, scheduling prob-lems, and faculty/student satisfaction are the goals of the research. The system optimizes scheduling based on room limitations, instructor availability, and student preferences. The project uses system design, model creation, algorithm implementation, and performance analysis to solve the difficult timetable-generating problem.
This research should save administrators time, improve academic operations, and improve staff and student academic experiences. Scalability and flexibility allow the system to be used in multiple faculties and incorporate new limits and requirements. This paper presents a complete approach to faculty scheduling, including insights and recommendations for future study and application in educational institutions.
Discovery of Gibellula floridensis from Infected Spiders and Analysis of the Surrounding Fungal Entomopathogen Community
Authors: Joseph Ross A. , Masoudi Abolfazl , Valdiviezo Mateo J , Keyhani Nemat O
Published: September 2024

Characterization of fungal spider pathogens lags far behind their insect counterparts. In addition, little to nothing is known concerning ecological reservoir and/or fungal entomopathogen community surrounding infection sites. Five infected spider cadavers were identified in the neo-tropical climate of north central Florida, US, from three of which viable cultures could be obtained. Multilocus molecular phylogenetic and morphological characteristics identified one isolate as a new species of Gibellula, named, G. floridensis, and the other two as isolates of Parengyodontium album. To examine the insect fungal community sampling of different habitats/trophic levels including soil, leaf litter, leaf, and twig from the surrounding area of the infection sites were collected and analyzed by ITS amplicon sequencing. These data revealed broad but differential distribution of entomopathogenic fungi between habitats and some variation between sites, with members of genera Metarhizium and Metacordyceps from Clavicipitaceae, Purpureocillium and Polycephalomyces from Ophiocordyceps, and Akanthomyces and Simplicillium from Cordycipitaceae, predominating. However, no sequences corresponding to Gibellula or Parengyodontium, even at the genera levels could be detected. Potential explanations for these findings are discussed. These data highlight novel discovery of fungal spider pathogens and open the broader question regarding the environmental distribution and ecological niches of such host specific pathogens.
PTSD Increases Risk for Hypertension Development Through PVN Activation and Vascular Dysfunction in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Chen Xinqian , Yan Xin , Yu Chunxiu , Chen Qing-Hui , Bi Lanrong , Shan Zhiying
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of single prolonged stress (SPS), a model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on cardiovascular responses, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) activity, and vascular function to elucidate the mechanisms linking traumatic stress to hypertension. Although SPS did not directly cause chronic hypertension in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, it induced acute but transient increases in blood pressure and heart rate and significantly altered the expression of hypertension-associated genes, such as vasopressin, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and FOSL1 in the PVN. Notably, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were predominantly elevated in the pre-autonomic regions of the PVN, colocalizing with AT1R- and FOSL1-expressing cells, suggesting that oxidative stress amplifies sympathetic activation and stress responses. SPS also triggered vascular inflammation, evidenced by increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the aorta, and impaired vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator stimuli, reflecting compromised vascular function. These findings suggest that SPS sensitizes neuroendocrine, autonomic, and vascular pathways, creating a state of cardiovascular vulnerability that could pre-dispose individuals to hypertension when exposed to additional stressors. Understanding these mechanisms provides critical insights into the pathophysiology of stress-related cardiovascular disorders and underscores the need for targeted therapeutic interventions that address oxidative stress and modulate altered PVN pathways to mitigate the cardiovascular impact of PTSD and related conditions.