bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aqueous Zn-ion batteries using amorphous Zn-buserite with high activity and stability
Authors: Wang Zhi-Qiang , Liu Xiao-Dong , Chen Hong-Ming , Zhu Xiang-Yu , Song Li-Ying , Yang Yun-Guo , Bai Jing , Kim M. J. , Lau Woon-Ming , Rosei Federico , Zhou Dan
Published: December 2022

Herein, a novel PrGO–MnOx microsphere cathode material is developed for aqueous zinc ion batteries. It reveals the phase transformation of a-MnOx into highly active amorphous Zn-buserite upon the initial cycles, enabling excellent Zn-storage.
A robust strategy to boost the proton transfer of heterogeneous catalysts for efficient and sustainable water oxidation towards practical applications
Authors: Huo Qihua , Cao Jianyong , Mi Lingren , Shao Jiaxin , Lv Miaoyuan , Chen Xinbao , Yang Hengpan , Chai Xiaoyan , Hu Qi , He Chuanxin
Published: December 2022

A facile yet robust strategy was developed for accelerating the proton transfer of metal hydroxides via incorporating Lewis basic sites, thereby achieving sustainable water oxidation towards practical applications.
Enhanced photothermal-ferroptosis effects based on RBCm-coated PDA nanoparticles for effective cancer therapy
Authors: Yu Hongli , Yan Jianqin , Li Zhipeng , Song Tingting , Ning Fang , Tan Jinshan , Sun Yong
Published: December 2022

A schematic illustration of NIR-mediated PTT and Fenton-like mechanisms that induce synergistic Ferroptosis-PTT.
Oxadiazole-integrated heterocoronene discotics as ambipolar organic semiconductors
Authors: De Ritobrata , De Joydip , Gupta Santosh Prasad , Bala Indu , Ankita  , Tarun  , Pandey Upendra Kumar , Pal Santanu Kumar
Published: December 2022

Disc-shaped liquid crystals designed by introducing oxadiazole functional units into a heterocoronene system were explored in thin-film space-charge limited current (SCLC) devices. They were found to exhibit ambipolar semiconducting behavior.
Chemical environment and occupation sites of hydrogen in LiMO3
Authors: Köhler Thomas , Zschornak Matthias , Röder Christian , Hanzig Juliane , Gärtner Günter , Leisegang Tilmann , Mehner Erik , Stöcker Hartmut , Meyer Dirk C.
Published: December 2022

A description of the hydrogen occupation site in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 is made based on theoretical structural models and validated by measured OH− stretching vibrational modes.
Review on the promising roles of alkali metals toward highly efficient perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Li Yu-han , Lou Yan-Hui , Zhou Yu-Hang , Xia Yu , Wang Bin , Wang Zhao-Kui
Published: December 2022

Alkali metals have been used to obtain high-performance perovskite light-emitting diodes. In this review, we present an overview of the advances in alkali metal ions applied in PeLEDs. Challenges and the outlook are presented for their future applications.
Solution-processed high efficiency OLED harnessing a thermally cross-linked hole-transporting layer and exciplex-forming emission layer
Authors: Tsai Meng-Ju , Huang Wei-Lun , Chen Li-Ming , Ruan Guo-Lun , Luo Dian , Tseng Zong-Liang , Wong Ken-Tsung
Published: December 2022

Solution-processed light-emitting device was feasibly achieved by a new exciplex-forming BCz3Ph : PO-T2T blend as the emitting layer casted on top of a thermally polymerized hole-transporting layer formed by a dicarbazole-based monomer BCzC4Sy.
Preeclampsia and syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs)
Authors: Awoyemi Toluwalase , Cerdeira Ana Sofia , Zhang Wei , Jiang Shuhan , Rahbar Maryam , Logenthiran Prassana , Redman Christopher , Vatish Manu
Published: December 2022

Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive complication of pregnancy that affects 2–8% of women worldwide and is one of the leading causes of maternal deaths and premature birth. PE can occur early in pregnancy (<34 weeks gestation) or late in pregnancy (>34 weeks gestation). Whilst the placenta is clearly implicated in early onset PE (EOPE), late onset PE (LOPE) is less clear with some believing the disease is entirely maternal whilst others believe that there is an interplay between maternal systems and the placenta. In both types of PE, the syncytiotrophoblast (STB), the layer of the placenta in direct contact with maternal blood, is stressed. In EOPE, the STB is oxidatively stressed in early pregnancy (leading to PE later in gestation- the two-stage model) whilst in LOPE the STB is stressed because of villous overcrowding and senescence later in pregnancy. It is this stress that perturbs maternal systems leading to the clinical manifestations of PE. Whilst some of the molecular species driving this stress have been identified, none completely explain the multisystem nature of PE. Syncytiotrophoblast membrane vesicles (STB-EVs) are a potential contributor to this multisystem disorder. STB-EVs are released into the maternal circulation in increasing amounts with advancing gestational age, and this release is further exacerbated with stress. There are good in vitro evidence that STB-EVs are taken up by macrophages and liver cells with additional evidence supporting endothelial cell uptake. STB-EV targeting remains in the early stages of discovery.

In this review, we highlight the role of STB-EVs in PE. In relation to current research, we discuss different protocols for ex vivo isolation of STB-EVs, as well as specific issues involving tissue preparation, isolation (some of which may be unique to STB-EVs), and methods for their analysis. We suggest potential solutions for these challenges.
Celebrating 125 years of the synapse: from Sherrington to the present day
Authors: Stanford S Clare
Published: December 2022

This themed collection celebrates 125 years of the synapse through a series of reviews written by a team of international experts in the field. The first in the series explains Sherrington’s contribution to the debate about the term ‘synapse’ and its function in neuronal signaling. The topics that follow cover recent developments in a wide range of topics: new technologies for research of synaptic structure; proteomics and the regulation of synaptic integrity and function; their role in the processing of information in thalamic neuronal circuits; and how genetic mutations can modify synaptic function in ways that can have profound effects on mood, cognition and behaviour.
The Language Profile of Preschool Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and the Relationship With Speech Intelligibility
Authors: Everaert Emma , Selten Iris , Boerma Tessel , Houben Michiel , Vorstman Jacob , de Wilde Hester , Derksen Desiree , Haverkamp Sarah , Wijnen Frank , Gerrits Ellen
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

Young children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) often have impaired language development and poor speech intelligibility. Here, we report a comprehensive overview of standardized language assessment in a relatively large sample of preschool-aged children with 22q11DS. We furthermore explored whether speech ability explained variability in language skills.

Method:

Forty-four monolingual Dutch preschoolers (3–6 years) with a confirmed genetic 22q11DS diagnosis participated in this prospective cohort study. Standardized tests (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals Preschool-2-NL and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III-NL) were administered. Speech intelligibility was rated by two expert speech and language therapists using a standardized procedure.

Results:

Most children had impaired language skills across all tested domains. The composite score for expressive language was significantly lower than that for receptive language, but the two were strongly correlated. Only small differences between the mean scores on the various subtests were observed, with the lowest scores for expressive morphosyntactic skills. Language scores showed a moderate positive relation with speech intelligibility, but language abilities varied greatly among the children with intelligible speech.

Conclusions:

We show that the majority of preschool children with 22q11DS have a broad range of language problems. Other than the relatively larger impairment in expressive than in receptive language skills, our results do not show a clearly delineated language profile. As many of the children with intelligible speech still had below-average language scores, we highlight that language problems require a broad assessment and care in all young children with 22q11DS. Future research using spontaneous language and detailed speech analysis is recommended, to provide more in-depth understanding of children's language profile and the relationship between speech and language in 22q11DS.
Individual identification method of little sample radiation source based on SGDCGAN+DCNN
Authors: Tang Zhen , Zhang Tao , Du Yihang , Su Jian
Published: December 2022

Aiming at the issues of low individual identification accuracy of radiation sources under the condition of little samples, this paper proposes a way of individual identification of radiation source based on strengthening global deep convolutional generative adversarial network (SGDCGAN) and deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) to achieve data augmentation. The method first performs IQ map feature splicing processing on the input signal, and then uses DCNN to automatically obtain the deep essential features of the data. Besides, an adaptive improvement is created to the deep convolutional generative adversarial network, and a self‐attention mechanism is introduced into the discriminator and the generator to reinforce the integrity and authenticity of the generated samples. For the common gradient disappearance during model training, the gradient penalty mechanism and spectral normalization are added to make the training process more stable. Through comparison experiments on the collected ADS‐B signals, the experimental results have demonstrated that when the signal‐to‐noise ratio is 0 dB and the number of original samples in each class is 40, the recognition accuracy is improved by 23.6% after doubling the data. Compared with the DCGAN‐DCNN and GAN‐DCNN methods, the recognition accuracy is improved by 3.5% and 4%.
Blind time‐domain motion compensation for synthetic Doppler spectra obtained from an HF‐radar on a floating platform
Authors: Hashemi Sepideh , Shahidi Reza , Gill Eric W.
Published: December 2022

A method for time‐domain motion compensation of high frequency (HF) radar signals for the case of a floating transmitter and fixed receiver is proposed when the motion parameters (including the amplitude and angular frequency of the motion) are not known a priori. In this study, the floating platform is assumed to follow a single‐frequency motion model. Additionally, instead of trying to estimate platform motion parameters from the received motion‐contaminated Doppler spectrum, which is proportional to the observed radar cross‐section of the ocean surface from the floating platform, the motion parameters from the autocorrelation function of the received electric field are estimated, which is related to the received radar cross‐section by application of an inverse temporal Fourier transform. By comparing the locations of the zeros of the autocorrelation function for the fixed antenna case with that for an antenna on a floating platform and finding the zeros associated with the platform motion, the motion parameters are estimated. These parameters are matched with actual motion parameter values, from which the motion‐compensated Doppler spectrum is recovered from the Doppler spectrum of the antenna on a floating platform.
Propagation and imaging analysis of vortex acoustic waves in ocean turbulence
Authors: Shi Hongyin , Liu Shengxin , Guo Jianwen
Published: December 2022

Vortex acoustic waves (VAW) with helical phase wavefronts could provide a new dimension for the detection and imaging of targets in the ocean. To explore the propagation characteristics of VAW under the effect of ocean turbulence (OT) and the impact on imaging, the phase screen method is used to simulate the propagation of VAW generated by a phase‐modulated uniform circular array under the effect of OT and the imaging of the target. The phase change and detection probability under the influence of the acoustic wave parameters and OT parameters during the propagation process are studied. Second, the azimuth resolution performance and focussing performance of the target imaging are studied. Under the effect of OT, the VAW of different frequencies and topological modes become scattered, and the degree of scattering is different when the parameters are different; and the resolution performance and focussing performance have also deteriorated. However, the VAW still has a reliable resolution under the effect of medium and low‐intensity OT, which provides theoretical support for the practice of the VAW in underwater target imaging.
Space alternating variational estimation based sparse Bayesian learning for complex‐value sparse signal recovery using adaptive Laplace priors
Authors: Bai Zonglong , Shi Liming , Sun Jinwei , Christensen Mads Græsbøll
Published: December 2022

Due to its self‐regularising nature and its ability to quantify uncertainty, the Bayesian approach has achieved excellent recovery performance across a wide range of sparse signal recovery applications. However, most existing methods are based on the real‐value signal model, with the complex‐value signal model rarely considered. Motivated by the adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and the sparse Bayesian learning framework, a hierarchical model with adaptive Laplace priors is proposed in this paper for recovery of complex sparse signals. Moreover, the space alternating approach is integrated into the algorithm to reduce the computational complexity of the proposed method. In experiments, the proposed algorithm is studied for complex Gaussian random dictionaries and different types of complex signals. These experiments show that the proposed algorithm offers better recovery performance for different types of complex signals than state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Innovative technique for separating proton core, proton beam, and alpha particles in solar wind 3D velocity distribution functions
Authors: De Marco R. , Bruno R. , Jagarlamudi V. Krishna , D’Amicis R. , Marcucci M. F. , Fortunato V. , Perrone D. , Telloni D. , Owen C. J. , Louarn P. , Fedorov A. , Livi S. , Horbury T.
Published: December 2022

Context.The identification of proton core, proton beam, and alpha particles in solar wind ion measurements is usually performed by applying specific fitting procedures to the particle energy spectra. In many cases, this turns out to be a challenging task due to the overlapping of the curves.

Aims.We propose an alternative approach based on the statistical technique of clustering, a standard tool in many data-driven and machine learning applications.

Methods.We developed a procedure that adapts clustering to the analysis of solar wind distribution functions. We first tested the method on a synthetic data set and then applied it to a time series of solar wind data.

Results.The moments obtained for the different particle populations are in good agreement with the official data set and with the statistical studies available in the literature.

Conclusions.Our method is shown to be a very promising technique that can be combined with the traditional fitting algorithms in working out difficult cases that involve the identification of particle species in solar wind measurements.
1.5D non-LTE spectral synthesis of a 3D filament and prominence simulation
Authors: Jenkins J. M. , Osborne C. M. J. , Keppens R.
Published: December 2022

Context. Overly idealised representations of solar filaments and prominences in numerical simulations have long limited their morphological comparison against observations. Moreover, it is intrinsically difficult to convert simulation quantities into emergent intensity of characteristic, optically thick line cores and/or spectra that are commonly selected for observational study.

Aims. In this paper, we demonstrate how the recently developed Lightweaver framework makes non-‘local thermodynamic equilibrium’ (NLTE) spectral synthesis feasible on a new 3D ab initio magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) filament-prominence simulation, in a post-processing step.

Methods. We clarify the need to introduce filament- and prominent-specific Lightweaver boundary conditions that accurately model incident chromospheric radiation, and include a self-consistent and smoothly varying limb-darkening function.

Results. Progressing from isothermal and isobaric models to the self-consistently generated stratifications within a fully 3D MHD filament-prominence simulation, we find excellent agreement between our 1.5D NLTE Lightweaver synthesis and a popular hydrogen Hα proxy. We computed additional lines including Ca II 8542 alongside the more optically thick Ca II H&K & Mg II h&k lines, for which no comparable proxy exists, and we explore their formation properties within filament and prominence atmospheres.

Conclusions. The versatility of the Lightweaver framework is demonstrated with this extension to 1.5D filament and prominence models, where each vertical column of the instantaneous 3D MHD state is spectrally analysed separately, without accounting for (important) multi-dimensional radiative effects. The general agreement found in the line core contrast of both observations and the Lightweaver-synthesised simulation further validates the current generation of solar filament and prominence models constructed numerically with MPI-AMRVAC.
Structure and evolution of a tidally heated star
Authors: Estrella-Trujillo D. , Arthur S. J. , Koenigsberger G. , Moreno E.
Published: December 2022

Context. The shearing motion of tidal flows that are excited in non-equilibrium binary stars transform kinetic energy into heat via a process referred to as tidal heating.

Aims. We aim to explore the way tidal heating affects the stellar structure.

Methods. We used the TIDES code, which solves the equations of motion of the three-dimensional (3D) grid of volume elements that conform multiple layers of a rotating binary star to obtain an instantaneous value for the angular velocity, ω″, as a function of position in the presence of gravitational, centrifugal, Coriolis, gas pressure, and viscous forces. The released energy, Ė, was computed using a prescription for turbulent viscosity that depends on the instantaneous velocity gradients. The Ė values for each radius were injected into a MESA stellar structure calculation. The method is illustrated for a 1.0 + 0.8 M⊙ binary system, with an orbital period of P = 1.44 d and departures from synchronous rotation of 5% and 10%.

Results. Heated models have a larger radius and surface luminosity, a smaller surface convection zone, and lower nuclear reaction rates than the equivalent standard stellar models, and their evolutionary tracks extend to higher temperatures. The magnitude of these effects depends on the amount of injected energy, which, for a fixed set of stellar, rotation and orbital parameters, depends on the perturbed star’s density structure and turbulent viscosity.

Conclusions. Tidal heating offers a possible alternative for describing phenomena such as bloated or overluminous binary components, age discrepancies, and aspherical mass ejection, as well as the extended main sequence turnoff in clusters. However, establishing its actual role requires 3D stellar structure models commensurate with the nonspherically symmetric properties of tidal perturbations.
Gaia-IGRINS synergy: Orbits of newly identified Milky Way star clusters
Authors: Garro Elisa R. , Fernández-Trincado José G. , Minniti Dante , Moya Wisthon H. , Palma Tali , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Barbuy Beatriz , Sneden Chris , Alves-Brito Alan , Dias Bruno , Afşar Melike , Frelijj Heinz , Lane Richard R.
Published: December 2022

Context. The recent and exquisite astrometric, photometric, and radial velocity measurements of the Gaia mission resulted in a substantial advancement of the determination of the orbits for old star clusters, including the oldest Milky Way globular clusters (MW GCs).

Aims. The main goal of the present paper is to use the new Gaia data release 3 (DR3) and the VISTA Variables in the Via Láctea Extended Survey (VVVX) measurements to obtain the orbits for nearly a dozen new MW GC candidates that have been poorly studied or previously unexplored.

Methods. We use the Gaia DR3 and VVVX databases to identify bona fide MW GC candidates, namely VVV-CL160, Patchick 122, Patchick 125, Patchick 126, Kronberger 99, Kronberger 119, Kronberger 143, ESO 92-18, ESO 93-08, Gaia 2, and Ferrero 54. The relevant mean cluster physical parameters are derived (distances, Galactic coordinates, proper motions, radial velocities). We also measure accurate mean radial velocities for the GCs VVV-CL160 and Patchick 126 using observations acquired at the Gemini-South telescope with the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) high-resolution spectrograph. Orbits for each cluster are then computed using the GravPot16 model, assuming typical Galactic bar pattern speeds.

Results. We reconstruct the orbits for these 11 star clusters for the first time. These include star clusters with retrograde and prograde orbital motions, both in the Galactic bulge and disk. We obtain orbital properties for this sample, such as the mean time-variations of perigalactic and apogalactic distances, eccentricities, vertical excursions from the Galactic plane, and Z-components of the angular momentum.

Conclusions. Our main conclusion is that, based on the orbital parameters, Patchick 125 and Patchick 126 are genuine MW bulge or halo GCs; and Ferrero 54, Gaia 2, and Patchick 122 are MW disk GCs. In contrast, the orbits of Kronberger 99, Kronberger 119, Kronberger 143, ESO 92-18, and ESO 93-08 are more consistent with old MW disk open clusters, in agreement with previous results. VVV-CL160 falls very close to the Galactic centre, but reaches larger distances beyond the Solar orbit, and therefore its origin is still unclear.
Homogeneous geodesics in sub-Riemannian geometry
Authors: Podobryaev Alexey
Published: December 2022

We study homogeneous geodesics of sub-Riemannian manifolds, i.e., normal geodesics that are orbits of one-parametric subgroups of isometries. We obtain a criterion for a geodesic to be homogeneous in terms of its initial momentum. We prove that any weakly commutative sub-Riemannian homogeneous space is geodesic orbit, that means all geodesics are homogeneous. We discuss some examples of geodesic orbit sub-Riemannian manifolds. In particular, we show that geodesic orbit Carnot groups are only groups of step 1 and 2. Finally, we get a broad condition for existence of at least one homogeneous geodesic.
Three mechanical relaxation modes associated with nanoscale structural heterogeneity in Pd42.5Ni7.5Cu30P20 fragile glass
Authors: Wang Hao , Ichitsubo Tetsu , Kato Hidemi
Published: December 2022

The dynamic relaxation behavior of Pd42.5Ni7.5Cu30P20 metallic glass was studied at 173–563 K (∼0.98Tg) and at angular frequency 10−2 to 102 rad s−1. Master curves of 16-digit dynamic moduli at angular frequency 10−4 – 1012 rad s−1 were constructed and characterized by the stretched exponent relaxation function, which exhibits three discrete relaxation modes with different activation energies, i.e., α-relaxation (7.98 eV) associated with the cooperative motion of ∼5 atoms, slow β-relaxation (1.39 eV) associated with single atomic diffusion, and fast β-relaxation (0.25 eV) associated with rattling motion. These three modes were also detected as slope changes on the quasi-static creep compliance under an isochronal heating process, which was successfully reproduced by dynamic complex compliance using the dynamic moduli with fitting parameters related to the considerable inhomogeneous structural characteristics, elastic modulus and volume fraction, generated in the glass.
Perte de biodiversité, prélude aux émergences virales
Authors: Roche Benjamin , Morand Serge
Published: December 2022

Aujourd’hui, l’émergence de zoonoses est un phénomène des plus préoccupants. Avec les exemples récents du virus Ebola, des virus responsables des grippes aviaires, ou des coronavirus, cette menace s’intensifie et fait craindre des pandémies de la même ampleur que celle de la Covid-19. Dans cette synthèse, nous dressons l’état des connaissances sur les mécanismes impliqués dans ces émergences, que ce soit l’impact de l’homme sur les écosystèmes, l’élevage intensif d’animaux domestiques, ou encore le commerce de la faune sauvage. Nous concluons sur l’importance d’adopter une réelle approche intégrée « Une seule santé » (One health) afin d’implémenter des solutions au début de ce processus d’émergence et ainsi de prévenir de nouvelles catastrophes.
Ces virus qui nous habitent et qui nous visitent : le virome humain
Authors: Ottmann Michèle
Published: December 2022

Les progrès récents des nouvelles techniques de séquençage ont ouvert la voie au décryptage du virome humain qui peut être défini comme l’ensemble de tous les virus présents dans le corps humain. Ces virus sont de différents types : endogènes, procaryotes, archéaux et eucaryotes. Chaque partie du corps humain constitue un microenvironnement différent et possède donc un virome qui lui est propre. Les infections virales peuvent être catégorisées selon l’issue de la phase aiguë. Jusqu’à récemment, seules les infections symptomatiques étaient étudiées. Cette revue résume l’état actuel de nos connaissances et propose une définition du virome humain sous l’angle des principes de l’écologie, en considérant l’être humain comme un écosystème.
Les virus et l’émergence des cellules eucaryotes modernes
Authors: Forterre Patrick , Gaïa Morgan
Published: December 2022

Il est maintenant bien établi que les virus ont joué un rôle important dans l’évolution des eucaryotes modernes. Dans cette revue, nous commentons le rôle qu’ils ont pu jouer dans l’eucaryogenèse. Nous discutons les analyses phylogénétiques qui mettent en évidence l’origine virale de plusieurs protéines clés de la biologie moléculaire des eucaryotes et des observations récentes qui, par analogie, pourraient suggérer une origine virale du noyau cellulaire. Nous mettons en parallèle la complexité des eucaryotes avec l’unicité de leur virosphère et avançons l’hypothèse selon laquelle des mécanismes de la différenciation cellulaire auraient leur source dans ceux mis en œuvre par les virus pour transformer les cellules infectées en cellules virales.
Diversité et importance écologique des virus dans le milieu marin
Authors: Bachy Charles , Baudoux Anne-Claire
Published: December 2022

L’océan est le réservoir le plus important de virus sur la planète avec des abondances allant jusqu’à plusieurs milliards par litre. Ces virus sont une force directrice majeure pour l’évolution et la structuration du monde microbien, mais aussi pour le fonctionnement des grands cycles biogéochimiques dans les écosystèmes marins. Grâce aux techniques de séquençage à haut débit, nous commençons à entrevoir la diversité et la complexité de cette virosphère marine. Cette synthèse décrit les découvertes importantes dans le domaine de l’écologie virale marine et aborde la diversité de ces micro-organismes fascinants, leur impact sur la mortalité microbienne et les cycles de nutriments et d’énergie dans l’océan.
Les virus au service de la santé : la vaccination
Authors: Tangy Frédéric , Tournier Jean-Nicolas
Published: December 2022

Depuis plus de deux siècles, les virus sont utilisés, avec un succès impressionnant, comme outils de prévention des infections virales. Depuis la variole et la rage, l’histoire de la vaccinologie a suivi les pas de l’histoire de la virologie. Après les découvertes empiriques des premiers vaccins, le développement du génie génétique, de la virologie moléculaire, de la génétique inverse, la manipulation des génomes viraux, leur séquençage à haut débit et leur synthèse chimique, la maîtrise de la culture cellulaire et des méthodes de purification, ont considérablement contribué au développement de nouveaux vaccins viraux. Des vaccins à ARN messager ou à vecteur viral ont ainsi vu le jour ces dernières années et, face à la pandémie de Covid-19, ont été développés et distribués à la population en un temps record. Les virus au service de la santé ont un bel avenir devant eux, que cela soit pour prévenir d’autres pandémies, pour traiter le cancer, ou contrôler, enfin, le VIH ou le Plasmodium, l’agent du paludisme.
Les virus au service de la santé : les bactériophages
Authors: Benech Nicolas , Chaffringeon Lorenzo , Briot Thomas , Kolenda Camille , Pirot Fabrice , Laurent Frédéric , Ferry Tristan
Published: December 2022

Les bactériophages sont des virus naturels très répandus dans l’environnement qui ciblent spécifiquement les bactéries. Leur utilisation en médecine, connue sous le terme phagothérapie, consiste à les isoler, les caractériser, les cultiver, puis les purifier pour traiter des infections bactériennes. Il existe actuellement un renouveau pour la thérapie phagique, et sa mise en œuvre présuppose de disposer de phages actifs de qualité pharmaceutique. D’un point de vue réglementaire, le statut des phages n’est pas encore clairement défini par les autorités, mais la mise à disposition de phages produits par l’industrie pharmaceutique et les programmes de développement académiques, comme le programme PHAGEinLYON, constituent un tournant dans le déploiement de la phagothérapie.
John Grube Forschungspreis 2022 für PD Dr. Björn Tampe
Authors: Weller Stefan
Published: December 2022

PD Dr. Björn Tampe, Göttingen, erhielt die Auszeichnung der John Grube Foundation e. V. für hervorragende wissenschaftliche Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der Gefäßentzündungen. Der Preis ist mit 15 000 Euro dotiert.
Conductive polymer hydrogel-coated nanopipette sensor with tunable size
Authors: Li Lin , Zhou Feng , Xue Qiannan
Published: December 2022

Nanopipette-based sensors are one of the most effective tools for detecting nanoparticles, bioparticles, and biomolecules. Quantitative analysis of nanoparticles with different shapes and electrical charges is achieved through measurement of the blockage currents that occur when particles pass through the nanopore. However, typical nanopipette sensors fabricated using a conventional needle-pulling method have a typical pore-diameter limitation of around 100 nm. Herein, we report a novel conductive hydrogel-composited nanopipette sensor with a tunable inner-pore diameter. This is made by electrodepositing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate onto the surface of a nanopipette with a prefabricated sacrificial copper layer. Because of the presence of copper ions, the conductive polymer can stably adhere to the tip of the nanopipette to form a nanopore; when nanoparticles pass through the conductive nanopore, more distinct blocking events are observed. The size of the nanopore can be changed simply by adjusting the electrodeposition time. In this way, suitable nanopores can be obtained for highly sensitive screening of a series of particles with diameters of the order of tens of nanometers.
Giant spin Hall effect in half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal YPtBi grown at low temperature
Authors: Shirokura Takanori , Hai Pham Nam
Published: December 2022

Half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal YPtBi is a promising candidate for an efficient spin source material having both large spin Hall angle θSH and high thermal stability. However, high-quality YPtBi thin films with low bulk carrier density are usually grown at 600 °C, which exceeds the limitation of 400 °C for back end of line (BEOL) process. Here, we investigate the crystallinity and spin Hall effect of YPtBi thin films grown at lower growth temperature down to 300 °C. Although both effective spin Hall angle and spin Hall conductivity degraded with lowering the growth temperature to 300 °C due to degradation of the interfacial spin transparency, they were recovered by reducing the sputtering Ar gas pressure. We achieved a giant θSH up to 7.8 and demonstrated efficient spin–orbit torque magnetization switching by ultralow current density of ∼105 A/cm2 in YPtBi grown at 300 °C with the Ar gas pressure of 1 Pa. Our results provide the recipe to achieve giant θSH in YPtBi grown at lower growth temperature suitable for BEOL process.
Photo-induced DC drift in Mach-Zehnder modulators using lead lanthanum zirconate titanate thin films
Authors: Hara Hideo , Joichi Tomoki , Abe Shunsuke , Masuda Shin
Published: December 2022

We experimentally investigated the photo-induced direct current (DC) drift of a lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) Mach-Zehnder modulator with large optical input power. We clarify the mechanism by which short-term and long-term DC drifts arise and discuss each case of DC drift. We reveal that short-term DC drift can be reduced by adjusting the buffer-layer resistivity of the PLZT modulator. We also found that the impurity level of the buffer layer affects long-term DC drift.
Parasites of Australian flying-foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae).
Authors: Prociv P.
Published: December 2022

NA
The temporality of commodified landscapes at events & local constructions of identity in Salzburg
Authors: Niehaus Konstantin
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a study of how temporary, fixed-term local semiotic landscapes in Salzburg, Austria,
contribute to a construction of local identity. For this purpose, two main events in the city’s calendar were investigated, the
Ruperti fair in the autumn and the Christmas market in the winter. I explore how and the extent to which semiotic resources such
as linguistic features index local pride and become commodified, i.e., utilized for economic gain. The indexicality can be
temporary or even volatile with some signs and creates an event-specific or non-event specific semiotic ‘register’
(enregisterment). The analysis follows two major commodifying practices, historicizing (in particular, the use of
blackletter) and localizing (use of non-standard Austro-Bavarian dialect), and employs a multimodal approach. A
qualitative analysis reveals how signs add to the temporary local authentication and discusses how LL research can benefit from
capturing event spaces and the temporality of signs.
Dimensionality reduction using local-global standard hypergraph embedding for rotor fault diagnosis
Authors: Yuan Jianhui , Zhao Rongzhen , Chen Pengfei , He Tianjing , Wei Kongyuan
Published: December 2022

The vibration signal contains a lot of state information, and its time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain features are extracted to describe the rotor’s operational state in detail. However, multi-domain and multi-angle feature extraction can lead to information redundancy, causing the ‘dimensionality catastrophe’ problem, which also makes fault classification more difficult. Dimensionality reduction (DR) is a technique that can help with this issue, but the majority of current DR algorithms are based on a simple intrinsic structure. To accurately characterize the intrinsic structure of high-dimensional fault dataset, this study proposed a novel DR algorithm that considers local information, global information, and the hypergraph model, named local–global standard hypergraph embedding (LGSHE). LGSHE redefines the hypergraph weight matrix’s calculation formula and constructs the local intra-class standard hypergraph, local inter-class standard hypergraph, global intra-class standard hypergraph, and global inter-class standard hypergraph to characterize the fault data structure. LGSHE can accurately characterize the intrinsic structure of high-dimensional fault dataset and increase fault classification accuracy. The performance of LGSHE is validated on two different structures of double-span rotor experimental benches, and the results show that the algorithm can achieve good fault classification accuracy.
Coupled sn-cn, sn-dn, cn-dn Jacobi elliptic functions and solitons solutions in magneto-optic waveguides with quadratic-cubic nonlinearity
Authors: Yomba Emmanuel
Published: December 2022

The current paper is dedicated to the study of the propagation of progressive solitons in magneto-optical waveguides that carry the quartic-cubic nonlinearity described by a coupled system of of nonlinear Schrödinger equations. In this direction, we take the help of a modified F-expansion method which allows us to widen the class of solutions to these coupled equations and permit the propagation of different waves in the two channels. First of all, we constructed the solutions in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions in the forms of

dn
−
sn
,

dn
−
cn
,

and

cn
−
sn
.

After that, we obtained the progressive soliton solutions when these functions approached their limiting values with regards to the modulus of ellipticity. The progressive solutions include bright-dark soliton, bright-bright soliton, dark-dark soliton, bright-front soliton, dark-front soliton. In addition, we present the figures 1–6 which graphically exhibit the representative structures of each explicit solution for some special parameter values.
Gravitational wave background from vacuum and thermal fluctuations during axion-like inflation
Authors: Klose P. , Laine M. , Procacci S.
Published: December 2022

We revisit the framework of axion-like
inflation in view of the possibility
that the coupling of the inflaton to a non-Abelian topological charge
density could lead to the generation of a rapidly thermalizing heat bath.
Both dispersive (mass) and absorptive (friction)
effects are included. For phenomenologically
viable parameters, the system remains in a weak
regime of warm inflation (thermal friction ≪ Hubble rate).
For tensor perturbations we derive an interpolating formula
that incorporates both vacuum and thermal production.
The latter yields a model-independent frequency shape ∼ f
0
3
in the LISA window, whose coefficient allows to measure
the maximal shear viscosity of the thermal epoch. It is a challenge,
however, to find models where the coefficient is
large enough to be observable.
Relativistic models of anisotropic superdense star in the regime of Karmarkar’s condition
Authors: Parida Bikram Keshari , Majumder Shreya , Das Shyam , Chakraborty Koushik , Rahaman Farook
Published: December 2022

We obtained a new class of solutions for a relativistic anisotropic compact star by utilizing the Karmarkar embedding condition. To obtain the closed-form solution a suitable form of one of the gravitational potentials has been chosen to determine the other by analyzing the Karmarkar condition. The resulting solutions are found to be well-behaved and regular and could describe a compact stellar object. Considering the current estimated values of the mass and radius of the pulsar 4U1820 − 30 as input parameters, all the physically relevant parameters are shown to be well-behaved to a very good degree of accuracy.
Galaxy Interactions in Filaments and Sheets: Effects of the Large-scale Structures Versus the Local Density
Authors: Das Apashanka , Pandey Biswajit , Sarkar Suman
Published: December 2022

Major interactions are known to trigger star formation in galaxies and alter their color. We study the major interactions in filaments and sheets using SDSS data to understand the influence of large-scale environments on galaxy interactions. We identify the galaxies in filaments and sheets using the local dimension and also find the major pairs residing in these environments. The star formation rate (SFR) and color of the interacting galaxies as a function of pair separation are separately analyzed in filaments and sheets. The analysis is repeated for three volume limited samples covering different magnitude ranges. The major pairs residing in the filaments show a significantly higher SFR and bluer color than those residing in the sheets up to the projected pair separation of ∼50 kpc. We observe a complete reversal of this behavior for both the SFR and color of the galaxy pairs having a projected separation larger than 50 kpc. Some earlier studies report that the galaxy pairs align with the filament axis. Such alignment inside filaments indicates anisotropic accretion that may cause these differences. We do not observe these trends in the brighter galaxy samples. The pairs in filaments and sheets from the brighter galaxy samples trace relatively denser regions in these environments. The absence of these trends in the brighter samples may be explained by the dominant effect of the local density over the effects of the large-scale environment.
An integrated approach to improving the ability of power systems to accept distributed PV
Authors: Lu Yu , Zhang Dachi , Yu Miao , Liu Peng , Wang Jing , Zhou Ziyi
Published: December 2022

At this stage, the main way to develop solar resources is to use the photovoltaic effect as a basis for solar power generation. The article first outlines the problems faced by the power system in accepting distributed photovoltaics, then discusses the “measures to strengthen the power system’s ability to accept distributed photovoltaics”, and proposes measures from the source-load side, the grid side, and the interaction between the two sides. Satisfying the interval number constraint, line transmission capacity constraint, substation capacity constraint, and total investment constraint of the grid-connected line, the optimal access method can give full play to the acceptance capacity of the current grid, and finally, the weak link analysis of the acceptance capacity of the distribution grid is carried out with a regional distribution grid as an example. It is hoped that the discussion in this paper will inspire people in some way and contribute to the effective integration of the power system and distributed PV.
Application of Fourier’s Law in One-Dimensional Steady Heat Conduction Calculation of Cylinder Wall
Authors: Wang Yarong , Wang Peirong
Published: December 2022

When a temperature gradient exists in a body, experience has shown energy transfers from the high-temperature region to the low-temperature region. The energy is transferred by conduction. The fundamental law of heat conduction is called Fourier’s law. The problem is simple if a system is in a steady state (i.e., the temperature does not change with time). The one-dimensional heat conduction in a steady state is the simplest. Through an example, we apply Fourier’s law to analyze the one-dimensional stable heat conduction of the cylindrical wall.
Research on the Numerical Effect of VTD Model in Cross Jet
Authors: Gao Na , Zhang Xiaobin
Published: December 2022

To deeply study the specific characteristics of the cross-scale phenomenon of fragmentation and atomization in the cross-jet process, this paper is based on the adaptive grid technology, using the RANS model, RNG k-ε model, LES model turbulence models, and VOF models, DPM model, VTD model multiphase flow models have carried out numerical calculations on the lateral jet process, and compared and analyzed the results to better solve the cross-scale problem and obtain more suitable research methods for the phenomenon of lateral jet breaking and atomization. It is found that: compared to the RANS model and RNG k-ε model, the LES model is more suitable for jet breaking; compared with the VOF model and DPM model, the VTD model is closer to the actual physical phenomenon in the cross jet breaking shape, and the initial surface of the liquid column is broken, the columnar broken and the band-shaped liquid filament is broken by a series of broken and atomized phenomena. And a large number of banded or filamentous liquid lumps can be captured in the continuous liquid film stage and the primary crushing stage of the jet, while discrete misty droplets can also be captured in the secondary crushing area. Based on this, this paper finds that the cross-scale VTD model is combined the phase gradient adaptive grid technology can couple the advantages of the VOF model and the DPM model to better solve the transition problem between the continuous phase and the discrete phase, thereby obtaining more accurate jet atomization characteristics.
Numerical Simulation of Curvature and Confining Pressure Effect on Progressive Failure of Surrounding Rock in Arch Tunnel with Straight Wall
Authors: Han Fang , Liu Cen , Wang Yang , Xi Ling-zhi , Tao Shuai
Published: December 2022

Considering the influence of tensile plastic strain of intact rock on tensile strength and elastic modulus. The influence of arch curvature and height of the straight wall on the progressive failure of surrounding rock under different confining pressures are simulated based on the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model and the nonlinear CWFS criterion of friction strengthening and cohesion weakening. The results show that when λ
1 = 0.2, the difference between vertical load and horizontal load is large, the buckling failure of rock burst and slab cracking is obvious, and the sectional curvature effect is obvious. When λ
3 = 0.5, the buckling failure of rock burst and slab cracking is very limited, the sectional curvature effect is reduced, and the confining pressure effect of rock burst and slab cracking is obvious. The shear yield localization of the surrounding rock is sensitive to sectional curvature, and the sectional curvature effect of shear failure under different lateral pressure coefficients is obvious. The numerical calculation results are consistent with the failure law of surrounding rock obtained from field and laboratory tests, which can provide a reference for tunnel excavation and support design.
Design and Optimization of Pneumatic Separation Device for Plastic Evidence in Fire and Explosion Scene
Authors: Yang Lixue , Wang Tiansheng , Cao Bin , Yuan Yi , Gao Ao , Wang Qiang
Published: December 2022

To improve the efficiency of fire investigation, a horizontal pneumatic separator for separating plastic evidence from fire and explosion scenes is designed in this paper. Taking three kinds of material with different densities as separation objects, MATLAB was used to calculate the horizontal displacement of materials under different separation parameters based on the motion equation. A deviation coefficient was put forward to measure the separation effect. The effects of air inlet velocity and air inlet angle on the deviation coefficient of materials with different particle sizes were studied, and the optimal deviation coefficient was determined according to Taguchi methods.
Notes on Generalized Perron Complement of Nonnegative Matrices
Authors: Zhong Qin , Mou Gufang
Published: December 2022

In the areas of statistics, matrix analysis, and several applications of applied mathematics, the Perron complement is fundamental. For a matrix with nonnegative elements, some inequalities and equalities involving generalized Perron complement and Perron complement of the matrices are derived.
Estimation of the Shape Parameter for Lomax Distribution Under Bilateral Type-I Censored Sample
Authors: Liu Hua , Xi Chang Xin
Published: December 2022

The maximum likelihood estimation of shape parameters of Lomax distribution under bilateral Type-I Censored Sample is studied, the explicit expression of shape parameter estimation cannot be obtained, but it is proved that the maximum likelihood estimation of this parameter is unique. Then the EM estimation of shape parameters is obtained by using EM algorithm, and the asymptotic variance and approximate confidence interval of the EM estimation of shape parameters are also given; Finally, the effects of maximum likelihood estimation and EM estimation of shape parameters of Lomax distribution are numerically simulated. By comparing the relative deviation, it shows that the estimation effect of using EM algorithm to calculate shape parameters is relatively good, and the asymptotic variance and asymptotic confidence interval of EM estimation are given.
(2+1)-Dimensional Bidirectional Sawada-Kotera-Like Equation and Its Rational Types of Solutions
Authors: Lin Xu , Zhou Fan , Jiang Kun , Li Wenting
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a new (2+l)-dimensional bidirectional Sawada-Kotera-like (BSK-like) equation is constructed by utilizing the generalized Hirota bilinear differential operators with third order. By using the Hirota bilinear method, some rational types of the solutions, especially lump-type solutions of the BSK-like equation, are obtained with the help of the software Maple. The characteristic and dynamic states of the lump-type solutions and the rational-type solutions to the BSK-like equation are shown by plotting with some special values.