bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speciation and distribution of P associated with Fe and Al oxides in aggregate-sized fraction of an arable soil
Authors: Jiang X. , Bol R. , Willbold S. , Vereecken H. , Klumpp E.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. To maximize crop productivity fertilizer P is generally applied to arable soils, a significant proportion of which becomes stabilized by mineral components and in part subsequently becomes unavailable to plants. However, little is known about the relative contributions of the different organic and inorganic P bound to Fe/Al oxides in the smaller soil particles. The alkaline (NaOH-Na2EDTA) extraction with solution 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy is considered as a reliable method for extracting and quantifying organic P and (some) inorganic P. However, any so-called residual P after the alkaline extraction has remained unidentified. Therefore, in the present study, the amorphous (a) and crystalline (c) Fe/Al oxide minerals and related P in soil aggregate-sized fractions (> 20, 2–20, 0.45–2 and < 0.45 μm) were specifically extracted by oxalate (a-Fe/Al oxides) and dithionite (DCB, both a- and c-Fe/Al oxides). These soil aggregate-sized fractions with and without the oxalate and DCB pre-treatments were then sequentially extracted by alkaline extraction prior to solution 31P-NMR spectroscopy. This was done to quantify the various chemical P forms which were associated with a- and c-Fe/Al oxides both in alkaline extraction and in the residual P of different soil aggregate-sized fractions. The results showed that overall P contents increased with decreasing size of the soil aggregate-sized fractions. However, the relative distribution and speciation of varying P forms were found to be independent of soil aggregate-size. The majority of alkaline extractable P was in the a-Fe/Al oxide fraction (42–47 % of total P), most of which was orthophosphate (36–41 % of total P). Furthermore, still significant amounts of particularly monoester P were bound to the oxides. Intriguingly, however, Fe/Al oxides were not the main bonding sites for pyrophosphate. Residual P contained similar amounts of total P associated with both a- (10–13 % of total P) and c-Fe oxides (10–12 % of total P) in various aggregate-sized fractions, suggesting that it was likely occluded within the a- and c-Fe oxides in soil. This implies that with the dissolution of Fe oxides, these P may be released and thus available for plants and microbial communities.
Significant recent warming over the northern Tibetan Plateau from ice core δ18O records
Authors: An W. , Hou S. , Zhang W. , Wang Y. , Liu Y. , Wu S. , Pang H.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. Stable oxygen isotopic records in ice cores provide valuable information about past temperature, especially for regions with scarce instrumental measurements. This paper presents the δ18O result of an ice core drilled to bedrock from Mt. Zangser Kangri (ZK), a remote area on the northern Tibetan Plateau (TP). Combining the ZK δ18O records with those from three other ice cores in the region (Muztagata, Puruogangri and Geladaindong), we reconstructed the regional temperature history covering 1951–2008 for the northern TP. The reconstruction showed significant warming at 1.12 ± 0.08 to 1.31 ± 0.10 °C(10 yr)−1 since 1970, a much higher rate than the trend of instrumental records of the northern TP (0.45 ± 0.06 °C(10 yr)−1) and the global temperature trend (0.28 ± 0.02 °C(10 yr)−1) at the same time. Moreover, the rapid warming remained for this region during the last decade, when the mean global temperature showed very little change. Our study suggests that the temperature variations at high elevations could behave differently due to specific topographic and circulation mechanisms.
Policies, economic incentives and the adoption of modern irrigation technology in China
Authors: Cremades R. , Wang J. , Morris J.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. The challenges China faces in terms of water availability in the agricultural sector are exacerbated by the sector's low irrigation efficiency. To increase irrigation efficiency, promoting modern irrigation technology has been emphasized by policy makers in the country. The overall goal of this paper is to understand the effect of governmental support and economic incentives on the adoption of modern irrigation technology in China, with a focus on household-based irrigation technology and community-based irrigation technology. Based on a unique data set collected at household and village levels from seven provinces, the results indicated that household-based irrigation technology has become noticeable in almost every Chinese village. In contrast, only about half of Chinese villages have adopted community-based irrigation technology. Despite the relatively high adoption level of household-based irrigation technology at the village level, its actual adoption in crop sown areas was not high, even lower for community-based irrigation technology. The econometric analysis results revealed that governmental support instruments like subsidies and extension services policies have played an important role in promoting the adoption of modern irrigation technology. Strikingly, the present irrigation pricing policy has played a significant but contradictory role in promoting the adoption of different types of modern irrigation technology. Irrigation pricing showed a positive impact on household-based irrigation technology, and a negative impact on community-based irrigation technology, possibly related to the substitution effect that is, the higher rate of adoption of household-based irrigation technology leads to lower incentives for investment in community-based irrigation technology. The paper finally concludes and discusses some policy implications.
Application of flood risk modelling in a web-based geospatial decision support tool for coastal adaptation to climate change
Authors: Knight P. J. , Prime T. , Brown J. M. , Morrissey K. , Plater A. J.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. A pressing problem facing coastal decision makers is the conversion of "high-level" but plausible climate change assessments into an effective basis for climate change adaptation at the local scale. Here, we describe a web-based, geospatial decision support tool (DST) that provides an assessment of the potential flood risk for populated coastal lowlands arising from future sea-level rise, coastal storms, and high river flows. This DST has been developed to support operational and strategic decision making by enabling the user to explore the flood hazard from extreme events, changes in the extent of the flood-prone areas with sea-level rise, and thresholds of sea-level rise where current policy and resource options are no longer viable. The DST is built in an open-source GIS that uses freely available geospatial data. Flood risk assessments from a combination of LISFLOOD-FP and SWAB (Shallow Water And Boussinesq) models are embedded within the tool; the user interface enables interrogation of different combinations of coastal and river events under rising-sea-level scenarios. Users can readily vary the input parameters (sea level, storms, wave height and river flow) relative to the present-day topography and infrastructure to identify combinations where significant regime shifts or "tipping points" occur. Two case studies demonstrate the attributes of the DST with respect to the wider coastal community and the UK energy sector. Examples report on the assets at risk and illustrate the extent of flooding in relation to infrastructure access. This informs an economic assessment of potential losses due to climate change and thus provides local authorities and energy operators with essential information on the feasibility of investment for building resilience into vulnerable components of their area of responsibility.
Modeling debris-flow runout patterns on two alpine fans with different dynamic simulation models
Authors: Schraml K. , Thomschitz B. , McArdell B. W. , Graf C. , Kaitna R.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. Predicting potential deposition areas of future debris-flow events is important for engineering hazard assessment in alpine regions. To this end, numerical simulation models are commonly used tools. However, knowledge of appropriate model parameters is essential but often not available. In this study we use two numerical simulation models, RAMMS–DF (rapid mass movement system–debris-flow) and DAN3D (dynamic analysis of landslides in three dimensions), to back-calculate two well-documented debris-flow events in Austria and to compare the range and sensitivity of input parameters for the Voellmy flow model. All simulations are based on the same digital elevation models and similar boundary conditions. Our results show that observed deposition patterns are best matched with a parameter set of μ [–] and ξ [m s-2], ranging between 0.07 to 0.11 and 200 to 300 m s-2, respectively, for RAMMS–DF, and between 0.07 to 0.08 and 300 to 400 m s-2, respectively, for DAN3D. Sensitivity analysis shows a higher sensitivity of model parameters for the DAN3D model than for the RAMMS–DF model. This contributes to the evaluation of realistic model parameters for simulation of debris-flows in steep mountain catchments and highlights the sensitivity of the models.
Vegetation in karst terrain of southwestern China allocates more biomass to roots
Authors: Ni J. , Luo D. H. , Xia J. , Zhang Z. H. , Hu G.
Published: July 2015

Abstract. In mountainous areas of southwestern China, especially Guizhou province, continuous, broadly distributed karst landscapes with harsh and fragile habitats often lead to land degradation. Research indicates that vegetation located in karst terrains has low aboveground biomass and land degradation that reduces vegetation biomass, but belowground biomass measurements are rarely reported. Using the soil pit method, we investigated the root biomass of karst vegetation in five land cover types: grassland, grass–scrub tussock, thorn–scrub shrubland, scrub–tree forest, and mixed evergreen and deciduous forest in Maolan, southern Guizhou province, growing in two different soil-rich and rock-dominated habitats. The results show that roots in karst vegetation, especially the coarse roots, and roots in rocky habitats are mostly distributed in the topsoil layers (89 % on the surface up to 20 cm depth). The total root biomass in all habitats of all vegetation degradation periods is 18.77 Mg ha−1, in which roots in rocky habitat have higher biomass than in earthy habitat, and coarse root biomass is larger than medium and fine root biomass. The root biomass of mixed evergreen and deciduous forest in karst habitat (35.83 Mg ha−1) is not greater than that of most typical, non-karst evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical regions of China, but the ratio of root to aboveground biomass in karst forest (0.37) is significantly greater than the mean ratio (0.26 ± 0.07) of subtropical evergreen forests. Vegetation restoration in degraded karst terrain will significantly increase the belowground carbon stock, forming a potential regional carbon sink.
Weaponization and Prisonization of Toronto’s Black Male Youth
Authors: Crichlow Wesley
Published: July 2015

Informed by Galtung (1969), Anderson (2012) and Wacquant (2001), this paper argues that a lifetime of spiralling and everyday state structural violence and overtly racist criminal profiling principally targeted at young Black men living in the Toronto Community Housing Corporation prepares them for prison. Moreover, it contends that interpersonal violence, transmitted from generation to generation and producing a vicious cycle, is a manifestation of institutionalized and systemic inequity. In the context of a hypermasculine culture, young Black men are both victims and participants in a dialectic of interpersonal-structural violence. Routinely precipitated by powerful state actors and agencies of criminal justice, public policy and assorted ‘moral entrepreneurs’, young Black men have their masculinity weaponized and prisonized by the state’s low-intensity declaration of war against them, and, among others, the poor, LGBTQ, immigrants, and First Nations and other people of colour.
Evaluating the Sciences and Islamic Education Textbooks of the Secondary Level in Jordan in Light of Modern Standards of the Educational Environment
Authors: Na`nah Ibrahim , Al-Khateeb Omar Salim
Published: July 2015

This study aimed to evaluating the textbooks of sciences and Islamic education of the
secondary level in Jordan based on the modern standards of educational environment, and the
study tried to answer the following questions:
-What are the modern standards of the educational environment that should be available in the
books of sciences and Islamic education of the secondary level in Jordan?
- What is the compatibility degree of the textbooks of sciences and Islamic education of the
secondary level with the modern standards of the educational environment?
The study sample consisted of the same study population; it’s the textbooks of sciences and
Islamic education of the secondary level Released by the Ministry of Education for the
academic year 2012/2013 AD. And to achieve the objectives of the study, the Researchers have
developed a tool to measure and analyze included seven axes and twenty-seven contemporary
standards to the environmental education at the secondary level. The tool was presented to
committee of specialists to make sure of its sincerity, Extraction reliability coefficient using
(Holsti) stability equation , so the reliability coefficient reaching over time90.1%) and by
individuals (86.9%), which is acceptable for the purposes of the study, and this was as an
answer to the first question of the study.
An Investigation of Teachers’ Perceptions of the Implementation of the Big Results Now Initiative in Tanzanian Education Sector
Authors: Komba Sotco Claudius , Sigala Joyce Nimrod
Published: July 2015

This study was conducted in order to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of
the Big Results Now (BRN) initiative in Tanzanian education sector. The specific objectives of
the study were to examine teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of the BRN initiative in
Tanzanian education sector and recommend ways for improving the implementation of the
initiative. The study involved 120 teachers from six government secondary schools in Njombe
Region, one of the regions of Tanzania. The data were collected using a set of questionnaire
and focus group discussions. The quantitative data were analyzed using computer software,
Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 18, in which frequencies and percentages of
responses on teachers’ perceptions of the implementation of the BRN initiative in Tanzanian
education sector were computed. In addition, the qualitative data were analysed using content
analysis. The findings indicated that there was lack of understanding of the objectives of the
BRN initiative in Tanzanian education sector among the majority of teachers. Moreover, the
teachers were not involved in the plans to implement the BRN initiative and conditions in
schools were not supportive for the successful implementation of the initiative. On the ways to
improve the implementation of the BRN initiative in Tanzanian education sector, teachers
recommended, among others, that they should be educated on the objectives of implementing
the initiative as they are the cornerstone in making the initiative a success.
Rationales, Mechanisms and Challenges of Quality Assurance in Teachers’ Professional Practices at the Primary Education Sector
Authors: Olibie Eyiuche Ifeoma , Ofojebe Wenceslaus Ndubueze , Ezugoh Theodora Chinelo
Published: July 2015

This study examined the rationales, mechanisms and challenges of quality assurance in
teachers’ professional practices with focus on Anambra State of Nigeria. Four research
questions guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The
sample size involved 524 teachers drawn from various primary schools in the State. A
30-item questionnaire, structured on a modified 4-point Likert scale was used to collect data.
Data was analyzed using factor analysis; mean ratings, standard deviation and Pearson
correlations. Among the findings was that there are high and positive correlations among the
rationales, mechanisms, challenges and quality assurance for effective teacher professional
practices in Anambra State. It was recommended among other things that mechanisms for
adequate funding/financing of primary education, utilization of innovative methods and tools
for effective curriculum delivery, infrastructural development and constant
monitoring/supervision of resources as well as continuous staff development should be put in
place by teachers, government and private sector for quality assurance in teachers’
professional practices.
Pedagogical Practice in Engineering Courses: Students’ Contribution
Authors: Moreira Herivelto , Da Luz Samoara Viacelli , Da Rocha Rozane de Fátima Zaionz , Junior Armando Kolbe
Published: July 2015

The objective of this article was to identify Brazilians engineering students’ perceptions
about the relevance of pedagogical knowledge and its implications for the professional
preparation. The interest in the study was due to the urgency to promote actions which can
contribute to the improvement of higher education, as well as the lack of studies highlighting
the students’ perceptions and experiences in relation to what they consider a good class and
good teaching/learning strategies used by teachers. The approach used was qualitative. The
sample consisted of nine students from the 4th and 5th years of the Mechanical and Civil
Engineering courses of a public university in south Brazil. The data was collected through
individual semi-structured interviews. The main results allowed to reflect on how teaching
and learning strategies influence to define what students consider a good class and what
characterizes a good teacher. Evidence also suggests that there is a predominance of lectures
through slides projection in which students do not actively participate during the classes, and
as characteristics of a good teacher emerges: teachers’ mastery of scientific knowledge,
mastery of the pedagogical knowledge (didactics), ability to contextualize the content, to
relate theory and practice, and the ability to motivate and develop good relationship with
students.

 
The Effect of Student Financial Constraints on University Non-Completion Rates
Authors: Garwe Evelyn Chiyevo , Maganga Elizabeth
Published: July 2015

The year 2009 saw the government of Zimbabwe redesigning cost-sharing in higher education to lean more towards higher contributions by students and private players. This study was aimed at investigating the effects that this strategy has on university completion rates by students from low socio-economic backgrounds. The study used a quantitative design methodology in a longitudinal study framework incorporating data from three cohorts embarking on four-year study programmes from 2009 to 2014. Administrative data from the Zimbabwe Council for Higher Education database involving six state universities was used. The findings reveal that the graduation rates decreased from 86% in the 2009 cohort to 76% in the 2010 cohort and 75% in the 2011 cohort. This finding coincides with the period from 2013 onwards when cadetship funds dried off. Thus the study clearly revealed a problem of increasing attrition rates creeping into the revered and quality-assured Zimbabwean higher education system. The study recommends the need for conceited efforts by the private sector, government and universities in funding higher education through loans and other forms of sponsorship.
Assessing Agri-Environmental Management and Inorganic Fertilizer Consumption Using Environmental Indicators
Authors: Gürlük Serkan
Published: July 2015

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is an important environmental indicator that exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve between a specific measure of environmental pollution and per capita income. The environmental pollution risk parameter used in this study was inorganic fertilizer. The study assessed a Critical Environmental Risk Threshold (CERT) value by considering basic variables, such as the amount of long-term total groundwater, arable land, Nitrate Vulnerable Zones and water withdrawal rates. The CERT value could provide researchers and policy makers with new insights into whether or not countries are exceeding their critical environmental threshold points. The countries investigated included Germany, the Netherlands, Turkey, India, Spain, France, Italy, China, Brazil and the USA. The results indicate that the use of inorganic fertilizer in the Netherlands and Germany exceeds their relative turning points above their CERT values and that these countries should therefore review their agri-environmental management policies.
The Role of Market Participants in Agricultural Futures Markets
Authors: Wu Jingnan , Murphy Finbarr , Garvey John , Ma Weifeng
Published: July 2015

Agricultural commodities markets provide an important venue for the transfer and pricing of large volumes of key inputs of food production. The structure of the market and the activity and motivations of market participants are factors in pricing stability and ultimately the costs for food produced and consumed on world markets. This paper uses a modified behavioural finance model and trader categories defined by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to examine sentiment-driven price changes and speculative activity in wheat, soybean, rough rice, soybean meal, soybean oil, corn and live cattle. The paper further combines a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model and Cumby-Modest tests to describe the positive feedback trading behaviour of different investors. The analysis shows that speculators are positive feedback traders and that, while previous returns influence sentiment, sentiment does not influence returns except when sentiment is high.
Trade Competitiveness in Table Grapes
Authors: Seccia Antonio , Santeramo Fabio G. , Nardone Gianluca
Published: July 2015

International trade in table grapes has expanded tremendously over the last few decades, with out-of-season fresh produce now being traded and consumed globally. Trade intensification has been driven by emerging traders who have changed the economic geography of table grape production. Improving competitiveness in global markets is a driving objective for entrepreneurs and policy makers. However, while the global trade in table grapes has become very important, empirical papers on the topic are limited. In this study, the authors investigate the global dynamics in the trade of table grapes between 1961 and 2011 and characterize the time series properties of the market shares for leading table grape-exporting countries. The analysis shows how trends in the market shares of historical exporters and emerging countries have changed over the past few decades. The paper provides new and useful insights for forecasting the prospects for the international fresh food trade.
Natural Resource Management and Crop Production Strategies to Improve Regional Food Systems in Tanzania
Authors: Graef F. , Schneider I. , Fasse A. , Germer J.U. , Gevorgyan E. , Haule F. , Hoffmann H. , Kahimba F.C. , Kashaga L. , Kissoly L. , Lambert C. , Lana M. , Mahoo H.F. , Makoko B. , Mbaga S.H. , Mmbughu A. , Mkangwa S. , Mrosso L. , Mutabazi K.D. , Mwinuka L. , Ngazi H. , Nkonya E. , Reif C. , Said S. , Schaffert A. , Schäfer M.P. , Schindler J. , Sieber S. , Swamila M. , Welp H.M. , William L. , Yustas Y.M.
Published: July 2015

Sustainable rural food systems for poor and vulnerable people need to be locally adapted to enhance food security. This requires participatory action research that considers the entire food value chain (FVC). This paper presents an assessment of the feasibility and potential success of upgrading strategies (UPS) for enhancing food security based on a study that was part of a larger participatory research project in two regions of Tanzania. The authors present the results relating to natural resource management and crop production. The results for natural resources show that enhanced soil water management was rated as high for the semi-arid Dodoma region. For the Morogoro region, the experts favoured soil fertility-improving UPS, such as conservation agriculture and agroforestry. Assessments of food production for both regions indicated the importance of intercropping, manure input, pest and disease control and cover crops. Assessments differed greatly between the two different climatic regions, and to a lesser extent between the nationality of the experts and their gender. This highlights the importance of including different South–North and female–male awareness in assessments. Implementation feasibility assessments of UPS indicated that the most suitable approaches were rainwater harvesting for semi-arid and conservation agriculture for subhumid regions respectively. Local and/or regional stakeholders and experts should be involved in developing and assessing site-adapted UPS for enhancing Tanzanian FVCs.
Impacts of Climate Change on Crop Production in Bolivia and Peru
Authors: Gonzalez Rocio Ballesteros
Published: July 2015

For many developing countries, agriculture is the cornerstone of their economy. Whilst extreme weather events are an accepted phenomenon in some Latin American countries, others such as Bolivia and Peru are not so used to their apparently increasing frequency. Developing new policies and strategies to cope with climate change and its associated extreme events therefore requires robust knowledge on the reported impacts, consequences and implications. This paper presents the findings from a systematic review of published evidence on the impacts of climate change on cropping systems and rural livelihoods across a range of agricultural and socio-technical dimensions. Adaptation measures need to consider not only the weather and physical dimensions of climate change, but also its social consequences. Factors influencing agriculture, including water resource impacts, crop profitability, environmental constraints, social and political transformations, and traditional knowledge and practices, were identifed and reviewed to provide a comprehensive assessment of these key aspects, which are highly relevant to the region.
Research Note: Does Method of Payment Affect Total Trip Expenditure?
Authors: Thrane Christer
Published: July 2015

Method of payment — debit card, credit card or cash — is known to affect consumer spending on various items. The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the relationship between the method of payment and the total trip expenditure of Norwegian winter tourists. There are two main findings: (a) credit card and debit card users — the so-called ‘plastic money’ segments — spend more money in total on their trip than cash users; (b) of the two plastic money segments, credit card users are the bigger spenders. The scholarly and strategic implications are offered.
A Dynamic Analysis of Tourism Determinants in Sicily
Authors: Provenzano Davide
Published: July 2015

This study provides an initial analysis of the key determinants of tourism in Sicily. In doing so, it responds to the general lack of a scientific approach in the study and management of tourism in Sicily. By mixing a gravity approach and system dynamics methodology, the attractiveness of Sicily is examined, taking into account both structural and promotional aspects that might affect tourism demand. The results strongly suggest that the island's natural and cultural resources, the road infrastructure and the urban environment are important determinants of tourism demand in Sicily. The findings may be useful for local authorities involved in the development of tourism, and represent a starting point for further research dealing with future trends.
Measuring Pattern, Amplitude and Timing Differences between Monetary and Non-Monetary Seasonal Factors of Tourism — The Case of Aruba
Authors: Ridderstaat Jorge , Nijkamp Peter
Published: July 2015

Seasonality is a frequent and important occurrence in the tourism industry, with concurrent effects on both the financial and volume flows of tourism. The purpose of this study is to measure pattern, amplitude and timing differences between the seasonal factors of monetary and non-monetary indicators of tourism development in Aruba. The study contributes to filling the gap in the literature on the dynamics in the co-movement of these two types of seasonal factors, with the simultaneous incorporation of three measurement dimensions of this relationship. The methodology involves decomposing time series on both stay-over tourism and tourism expenditure using the Census X-12 technique, with the subsequent calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficients, ratios of amplitudes and timing differentials of peaks and troughs. The results show important differences in the pattern, amplitude and timing of the seasonal factors.
Turkish tourism, exchange rates and income
Authors: Akay Gokhan H. , Cifter Atilla , Teke Ozdemir
Published: July 2015

This study examines the effects of the exchange rate and income on Turkish tourism trade balance (TB) using quarterly data for the period 1998–2011. The authors use tourism trade-weighted exchange rate indices and foreign income derived from country-based tourism trade. They employ Johansen’s maximum likelihood technique to estimate the long-run effects of the exchange rate and income on tourism, and employ an error correction model to analyse the short-run effects. The empirical results suggest that income is the most significant variable in explaining tourism TB in the long run. The exchange rate and foreign income positively affect the TB, while domestic income negatively influences it. In the short-run, however, domestic income is the only significant factor. The authors also find no evidence of a J-curve effect in the Turkish tourism TB. These findings are robust to using nominal values.
Fontes de informação para inovação no setor elétrico brasileiro
Authors: Ziviani Fabricio , Ferreira Marta Araújo Tavares , Neves Jorge Tadeu Ramos
Published: July 2015

Introdução: A inovação é um fenômeno enraizado em conhecimento e, particularmente, em informação. Identificar onde as empresas buscam ideias para inovar pode ser um importante sinalizador para a compreensão de aspectos de sua dinâmica inovativa.

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo é analisar as fontes de informações para inovação no setor elétrico brasileiro.

Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. O universo da pesquisa compreendeu os gerentes e/ou responsáveis pela atividade de P&D nas empresas pesquisadas. Para coleta dos dados foi desenvolvido um questionário composto de treze variáveis definidas a partir da revisão da literatura.

Resultados: A análise dos dados referente às fontes informação para inovação no setor elétrico brasileiro foi realizada em dois momentos distintos. Primeiramente foi criado, validado e apresentado um índice para o constructo fontes de inovação. Posteriormente, foram analisados os resultados pelo ramo de atividade das organizações (geração, transmissão e distribuição).

Conclusões: Os resultados apontam que as empresas do setor elétrico são altamente dependentes de fontes externas de informações para inovação, principalmente das universidades e institutos de educação superior e institutos de pesquisa e centros tecnológicos.
Pesquisas qualitativas em engenharia e gestão do conhecimento: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Paloma Maria , Zancanaro Airton , Nakayama Marina
Published: July 2015

Introdução: Na Economia do Conhecimento as demandas organizacionais surgem cada vez mais complexas, passando a exigir sistemas com desempenho de tarefas intensivas em conhecimento. Neste contexto, encontra-se a Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento cujo foco de estudos é a pesquisa, concepção, desenvolvimento e aplicação de sistemas de apoio a tarefas intensivas em conhecimento.

Objetivo: Este artigo objetiva investigar a ocorrência de trabalhos que exploram o tema pesquisa qualitativa na área da Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento por meio de uma revisão sistemática.

Metodologia: Utilizou-se a base de dados SCOPUS, de forma a localizar estudos sobre o tema no período de 2006 a 2011.

Resultados: Pôde-se constatar a carência e a insipiência de publicações de pesquisas sobre o tema, o que sugere a oportunidade e um relativo espaço para pesquisas futuras.
Conclusões: O uso deste tipo de pesquisa por outros pesquisadores facilita e potencializa o avanço e desenvolvimento da ciência.
Impacto do projeto “Cordel no espaço escolar” nas bibliotecas escolares de João Pessoa-PB
Authors: Belisario Danielle Dos Santos Souza , Albuquerque Maria Elizabeth Baltar Carneiro de
Published: July 2015

Introdução: O incentivo à leitura e disseminação da Literatura de Cordel foram os principais aspectos que nos motivaram a trabalhar o projeto “Cordel no Espaço Escolar”.

Objetivo: Diagnosticar o impacto causado pelo projeto nas bibliotecas ou salas de leitura das escolas públicas da cidade de João Pessoa – Paraíba.

Metodologia: O método utilizado foi o quali-quantitativo, considerando os aspectos qualitativos – como a reflexividade do pesquisador e as opiniões dos respondentes – quanto aos aspectos quantitativos por verificar as porcentagens obtidas através da aplicação do questionário. O corpus do trabalho foi constituído por cinquenta escolas que foram beneficiadas com a doação dos cordéis. Como amostra, foram selecionadas dezesseis escolas do bairro do Cristo Redentor. Como técnica de pesquisa para coleta de dados foi utilizado o questionário.

Resultados: Constatamos que os professores trabalharam os folhetos de cordel em sala de aula e desenvolvem várias atividades além do incentivo à leitura.

Conclusões: Identificou-se que o projeto “Cordel no Espaço Escolar”, teve forte influência no incentivo à leitura. Despertou nos professores e alunos a importância para valorização da cultura, ao deixar em cada escola a riqueza cultural que representa o cordel e as inúmeras atividades didáticas que podem ser realizadas com este suporte.
Documento, história e memória: a importância da preservação do patrimônio documental para o acesso à informação
Authors: Merlo Franciele , Konrad Glaucia Vieira Ramos
Published: July 2015

Introdução: A História é registrada em documentos que formam um conjunto: o patrimônio documental.

Objetivo: Este estudo tem por finalidade identificar a importância da preservação do patrimônio documental em meio à relação documento, história e memória, com vistas ao acesso à informação.

Metodologia: Do ponto de vista dos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados, trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Assim, delimitou-se o uso de materiais publicados em livros, periódicos ou internet.

Resultados: No Brasil, a Constituição Federal de 1988 definiu os documentos públicos como patrimônio cultural do país. Esse patrimônio constitui a memória da sociedade; portanto é preciso preservá-lo para que os cidadãos brasileiros possam acessá-lo quando necessário. O direito de acesso, previsto constitucionalmente, foi regulamentado pela Lei de Acesso à Informação.

Conclusões: a lei de acesso é considerada um marco para a sociedade brasileira exercer seus direitos. O intuito da preservação do patrimônio documental é possibilitar aos cidadãos o acesso à memória para construir sua identidade. A relação documento, história e memória é pouco abordada por pesquisadores brasileiros, sob o ponto de vista da necessidade de preservação do patrimônio documental visando ao direito da sociedade de acesso à informação. Desta maneira, instiga-se um maior desdobramento acerca do tema apresentado.
Informação, trabalho e dinheiro: a felicidade está em si fazer o que se gosta
Authors: Neves Barbara Coelho
Published: July 2015

A abordagem do livro é teórica. O autor nutre a intenção de apresentar os valores que fundamentam a ética hacker, com enfoque na ética protestante e o espírito do capitalismo de Max Weber. Pekka Himanen se apropria da obra weberiana com o intuito de utilizá-la como contraponto para descrever os sete valores da ética hacker. Alusão com a obra de Max Weber, A ética protestante e o espírito do capitalismo. Enquanto Weber coloca os fundamentos da burocracia como bases da ética do trabalho, o Himanen chamará atenção que na atual sociedade a expertise, a criatividade e o amor pela liberdade são os fundamentos de uma nova ética que é muito mais representativa e se materializa com muito mais força na imaterialidade da internet.
Ética bibliotecária em universidades do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Souza Francisco Das Chagas de
Published: July 2015

Introdução: As noções de responsabilidade social e de boa prática profissional estão se constituindo cada vez mais em referência para a atuação de empresas, governos e profissões. Os bibliotecários brasileiros encontram tais noções no Código de Ética do Bibliotecário e, internacionalmente, no Código de Ética do bibliotecário e de outros profissionais da informação, da IFLA.

Objetivo: Analisar o discurso consolidado nos portais de bibliotecas de dez universidades das regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil.

Metodologia: Análise do discurso textual.

Resultados: Síntese das posturas manifestas nos portais das Bibliotecas Universitárias, referentes às condutas que adotam na relação com seus usuários.

Conclusões: O bibliotecário não distingue sua ética pessoal daquela disposta na  norma ética de sua  profissão. Enquanto sua ética pessoal é utilitária, a ética profissional disposta no código de ética do bibliotecário brasileiro é deontológica. Os portais de Bibliotecas Universitárias estudadas oferecem uma expressão muito aquém do desejável em se tratando de ética profissional bibliotecária.
Recomendaciones CODEPEH 2014
Authors: Núñez Batalla Faustino , Jáudenes Casaubón Carmen , Sequí Canet José Miguel , Vivanco Allende Ana , Zubicaray Ugarteche José
Published: July 2015

Núñez, F. et al. (2015): “Recomendaciones CODEPEH 2014”, Revista Española de Discapacidad, 3 (1): 163-186.
Responsabilidad social empresarial e integración laboral de personas con discapacidad intelectual. Estudio de caso
Authors: Blanco Prieto Antonio
Published: July 2015

Blanco, A. (2015): “Responsabilidad social empresarial e integración laboral de personas con discapacidad intelectual. Estudio de caso”, Revista Española de Discapacidad, 3 (1): 211-217.
Recurrent fury: Conspiratorial discourse in the blogosphere triggered by research on the role of conspiracist ideation in climate denial
Authors: Lewandowsky Stephan , Cook John , Oberauer Klaus , Brophy Scott , Lloyd Elisabeth A. , Marriott Michael
Published: July 2015

A growing body of evidence has implicated conspiracist ideation in the rejection of scientific propositions. Internet blogs in particular have become the staging ground for conspiracy theories that challenge the link between HIV and AIDS, the benefits of vaccinations, or the reality of climate change. A recent study involving visitors to climate blogs found that conspiracist ideation was associated with the rejection of climate science and other scientific propositions such as the link between lung cancer and smoking, and between HIV and AIDS. That article stimulated considerable discursive activity in the climate blogosphere—i.e., the numerous blogs dedicated to climate “skepticism”—that was critical of the study. The blogosphere discourse was ideally suited for analysis because its focus was clearly circumscribed, it had a well-defined onset, and it largely discontinued after several months. We identify and classify the hypotheses that questioned the validity of the paper’s conclusions using well-established criteria for conspiracist ideation. In two behavioral studies involving naive participants we show that those criteria and classifications were reconstructed in a blind test. Our findings extend a growing body of literature that has examined the important, but not always constructive, role of the blogosphere in public and scientific discourse.
De Pipas Y Sustancias: Costumbres Fumatorias Durante El Periodo Formativo En El Litoral Del Desierto De Atacama (Norte De Chile)
Authors: Carrasco Carolina , Echeverría Javier , Ballester Benjamín , Niemeyer Hermann M.
Published: July 2015

El hallazgo de pipas en contextos fúnebres del litoral del Desierto de Atacama hace más de un siglo, ha sido la base para sugerir que los grupos de Pescadores, cazadores y recolectores marinos tuvieron como costumbre fumar durante el período Formativo (1500 a.C-1000 cal d.C). Lo que seguía siendo una incógnita es qué estaban fumando y de dónde provenían las sustancias consumidas. En la búsqueda de dar solución a este problema, presentamos el análisis de los residuos adheridos de cuatro pipas de piedra en forma de T invertida, recuperadas de un cementerio de la costa del Desierto de Atacama al norte de Chile, usando dos metodologías complementarias derivadas de la arqueobotánica y la química. Paralelamente, realizamos un análisis químico sobre cabello humano perteneciente a un individuo asociado a una de las pipas. Se logró identificar, al interior de éstas, la presencia de nicotina y otras sustancias, tales como microrrestos de Nicotiana y de otras especies, además de nicotina, en el cabello muestreado. Finalmente, discutimos estos resultados en función de la disponibilidad defuentes de estos recursos, estrategias de movilidad, relaciones de intercambio y el modo de vida de las poblaciones litorales.
Salinas De Los Nueve Cerros, Guatemala: A Major Economic Center in the Southern Maya Lowlands
Authors: Woodfill Brent K.S. , Dillon Brian Dervin , Wolf Marc , Avendaño Carlos , Canter Ronald
Published: July 2015

Salinas de los Nueve Cerros is a precolumbian Maya city located at the base of the highlands in the lowlands of west-central Guatemala. It is the only Classic-period center in the southern Maya Lowlands that based its economy on the production of an important raw material for export: salt. Because of its economic role and its location along a major trade route, Salinas de los Nueve Cerros had a particularly long history of occupation. The site has evidence of a large sedentary population starting during the Middle Preclassic (by ca. 800 B.C.) that continued several hundred years beyond the Classic collapse, before finally being abandoned ca. A.D. 1200. The salt source was located in the center of the city. This presents a rare opportunity to test the degree of elite control over the production of a non-elite resource. Production during the Classic period does appear to have been tightly controlled by elites, as evinced by the presence of multiple administrative structures and elite tombs throughout the salt-working zone, located less than 100 mfrom the site epicenter.
Political Interactions among Social Actors: Spatial Organization at the Classic Maya Polity of El Palmar, Campeche, Mexicó
Authors: Tsukamoto Kenichiro , Camacho Javier López , Valenzuela Luz Evelia Campana , Kotegawa Hirokazu , Esparza Olguín Octavio Q.
Published: July 2015

This article examines the significance of outlying groups in the spatial organization of Classic Maya settlements. The relative scarcity of textual records concerning outlying groups has often made it difficult for researchers to analyze in detail the political interactions between individuals associated with these groups and the royal authority. The recent discovery of a hieroglyphic stairway at the Guzmán Group, an outlying group of El Palmar, Campeche, Mexico, provides an exceptional opportunity for understanding the constitutive process of spatial organization during the Late and Terminal Classic periods (ca. A.D. 600-900). Epigraphic studies of the Guzmán Group stairway have identified a main individual who emphasized his genealogical ties to lakam (banner-bearer) officials and his political relationship with foreign rulers of Copán and Calakmul. The results of archaeological and epigraphic studies suggest that the Guzmán Group was a locus for negotiating power and ideology among different social actors.
Dimensioning at the Epiclassic Site of Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico: An Expression of Pan-Mesoamerican Complex Thinking
Authors: Lucet Geneviève
Published: July 2015

This article discusses the measurement system used at Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico. It addresses the ideological concepts this system may have expressed, its relationship to other systems used in Mesoamerica, and its implications for evaluating the hypothesis of a Maya presence at Cacaxtla during the Epiclassic. Measurements used at Cacaxtla combine the practical needs of builders with symbolic expression reflected in architecture. Two moduli served as the basis for the dimensioning: the unit of .488 m and its triple, 1.465 m. This measurement was in turn multiplied by 3,4,9, and 12 to obtain the lengths of the main spaces, which served as the basis for the dimensioning system used during different phases of construction. In specific places, three anthropometric measures were used. Additionally, the spatial distribution of pillars according to their sizes confirms the coexistence of two zones within the site that express a duality also present in mural paintings. The moduli and units used at Cacaxtla agree to a considerable degree with those identified for the Maya area and, in some cases, with Teotihuacan and the Nahua culture. I hypothesize that this system was shared by several Mesoamerican cultures and lasted from the Classic to the Postclassic periods.
‘Don't Tell Me I'm Still on That Feckin’ Island': Migration, Masculinity, British Television and Irish Identity in the Work of Graham Linehan
Authors: Free Marcus
Published: July 2015

The article examines how, through such means as interviews and DVD commentaries, television situation comedy writer Graham Linehan has discursively elaborated a distinctly migrant masculine identity as an Irish writer in London. It highlights his stress on how the working environment of British broadcasting and the tutelage of senior British broadcasters facilitated the satirical vision of Ireland in Father Ted. It focuses on the gendering of his narrative of becoming in London and how his suggestion of interplays between specific autobiographical details and his dramatic work have fuelled his public profile as a migrant Irish writer.
‘That's the Last Time I Play the Tart for You, Jerry!’: Penelope Keith and British Television Situation Comedy
Authors: Irwin Mary
Published: July 2015

Women's historical role in British sitcom has been critically regarded as both limited and limiting. Yet, any exploration of the historical representation of women in British situation comedy reveals that women have frequently been cast in leading roles. Penelope Keith is a key figure in any consideration of women and television situation comedy, and her long successful career is explored in this article. The re-evaluation of the television comedy careers of women such as Keith means we can reinsert and reposition women into critical and popular narratives of British television comedy.
‘I Think Women are Possibly Judged More Harshly with Comedy’: Women and British Television Comedy Production
Authors: Mills Brett , Ralph Sarah
Published: July 2015

Critics and creative workers have recently highlighted the lack of women working in British television comedy. Through thematic analysis of interviews with British television comedy professionals, this article explores how women talk about their work and their position within the industry. Outlining the specific industrial contexts within which female comedy professionals work, the article examines institutionalised gender norms and practical impediments which the interviewees' responses reveal, while also exploring the institutional and personal initiatives which they have developed to address these problems.