bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dealing with Monetary Paralysis at the Zero Bound
Authors: Rogoff Kenneth
Published: July 2017

Recently, the key constraint for central banks is the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates. Central banks fear that if they push short-term policy interest rates too deeply negative, there will be a massive flight into paper currency. This paper asks whether, in a world where paper currency is becoming increasingly vestigial outside small transactions (at least in the legal, tax compliant economy), there might be relatively simple ways to finesse the zero bound without affecting how most ordinary people live. Surprisingly, this question gets little attention compared to the massive number of articles that take the zero bound as given and look for out-of-the-box solutions for dealing with it. In an inversion of the old joke, it is a bit as if the economics literature has insisted on positing “assume we don't have a can opener,” without considering the possibility that we might be able to devise one. It makes sense not to wait until the next financial crisis to develop plans. Fundamentally, there is no practical obstacle to paying negative (or positive) interest rates on electronic currency and, as we shall see, effective negative rate policy does not require eliminating paper currency.
The Agency Problems of Institutional Investors
Authors: Bebchuk Lucian A. , Cohen Alma , Hirst Scott
Published: July 2017

Financial economics and corporate governance have long focused on the agency problems between corporate managers and shareholders that result from the dispersion of ownership in large publicly traded corporations. In this paper, we focus on how the rise of institutional investors over the past several decades has transformed the corporate landscape and, in turn, the governance problems of the modern corporation. The rise of institutional investors has led to increased concentration of equity ownership, with most public corporations now having a substantial proportion of their shares held by a small number of institutional investors. At the same time, these institutions are controlled by investment managers, which have their own agency problems vis-à-vis their own beneficial investors. We develop an analytical framework for understanding the agency problems of institutional investors, and apply it to examine the agency problems and behavior of several key types of investment managers, including those that manage mutual funds—both index funds and actively managed funds—and activist hedge funds. We show that index funds have especially poor incentives to engage in stewardship activities that could improve governance and increase value. Activist hedge funds have substantially better incentives than managers of index funds or active mutual funds. While their activities may partially compensate, we show that they do not provide a complete solution for the agency problems of other institutional investors.
Plasmapheresis in neurological disorders: six years experience from University Clinical center Tuzla
Authors: Sinanović Osman , Zukić Sanela , Burina Adnan , Pirić Nermina , Hodžić Renata , Atić Mirza , Alečković-Halilović Mirna , Mešić Enisa
Published: July 2017

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an extracorporeal blood purification technique that is designed to remove substances with a large molecular weight. The TPE procedure includes removal of antibodies, alloantibodies, immune complexes, monoclonal protein, toxins or cytokines, and involves the replenishment of a specific plasma factor. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical response to TPE in various neurological patients, and to assess the clinical response to this therapy.

Methods: The study was retrospective. We analyzed the medical records of 77 patients who were treated at the Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center (UCC) Tuzla from 2011 to 2016.  

Results: 83 therapeutic plasma exchanges were performed in the 77 patients. There was a slight predominance of male patients (54.5%), with an average age of 51±15.9 years. The most common underlying neurological diseases were Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) (37.7%), then chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) (23.4%), multiple sclerosis (MS) (11.7%) and myasthenia gravis (10.4%). Less frequent neurological diseases that were encountered were paraneoplastic polyneuropathies (5.2%), neuromyelitis optica (also known as Devic’s disease) (3.9%), motor neuron disease (3.9%), polymyositis (2.6%) and multifocal motor neuropathy (1.2%).

Conclusions: Six years experience of therapeutic plasma exchange in neurological patients in our department have shown that, following evidence-based guidelines for plasmapheresis, the procedure was most effective in patients with GBS, CIDP and myasthenia gravis.
WeBCMD: A cross-platform interface for the BCMD modelling framework
Authors: Russell-Buckland Joshua , Caldwell Matthew , Tachtsidis Ilias
Published: July 2017

Multimodal monitoring of the brain generates a great quantity of data, providing the potential for great insight into both healthy and injured cerebral dynamics. In particular, near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to measure various physiological variables of interest, such as haemoglobin oxygenation and the redox state of cytochrome-c-oxidase, alongside systemic signals, such as blood pressure. Interpreting these measurements is a complex endeavour, and much work has been done to develop mathematical models that can help to provide understanding of the underlying processes that contribute to the overall dynamics. BCMD is a software framework that was developed to run such models. However, obtaining, installing and running this software is no simple task. Here we present WeBCMD, an online environment that attempts to make the process simpler and much more accessible. By leveraging modern web technologies, an extensible and cross-platform package has been created that can also be accessed remotely from the cloud. WeBCMD is available as a Docker image and an online service.
Capitalismo, refundación y conflicto. La disputa por el espacio-tiempo urbano en Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Michelazzo Cecilia , Salguero Myers Katrina
Published: July 2017

En el presente artículo analizaremos las dinámicas de la disputa por el espacio-tiempo urbano en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Para ello estudiamos el caso de dos barrios lindantes con la zona céntrica de la ciudad: Alberdi y San Vicente. Unidos ambos por ser lugares históricos, con diversidad étnica, social y económica; estos territorios están actualmente en una disputa por la definición de las modalidades y actores que pueden vivir en ellos. En el vasto campo de estudios urbanos, hemos situado nuestros intereses e interrogantes en las maneras en que Córdoba ha sido modificada por la convergencia de políticas públicas e intervenciones privadas que reordenan el espacio en sentido clasista. Analizaremos, así, los procesos de refundación temporal y espacial de estos barrios que los actores “desarrollistas” y empresariales han iniciado, en convergencia con las políticas públicas y los conflictos que se desenvuelven con los habitantes que intentan defender un modo de vida en el territorio. Pretendemos preguntarnos por las lógicas de reproducción del capital en las ciudades periféricas y por las dimensiones materiales, significantes y sensibles que estructuran las experiencias sociales posibles.
The effects of organisational culture on nurses' perceptions of their work
Authors: Garcia Alessandra Bassalobre , Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi , Pissinati Paloma de Souza Cavalcante , Marziale Maria Helena Palucci , Camelo Silvia Helena Henriques , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço
Published: July 2017

This study aimed to analyse the relationship between the organisational culture and feelings of pleasure and suffering among working nursing professionals. This was a cross-sectional correlational study conducted in a tertiary hospital with 214 nursing staff over 3 months using three instruments: professional characterisation, the Brazilian Instrument for Assessment of Organisational Culture, and the Scale of Pleasure and Suffering at Work. The analysis included descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation test. The external integration practice was the domain most frequently found in the organisational culture and the feeling of pleasure–gratification predominated among the workers. Values of cooperative professionalism and wellbeing, and practices of external integration and relationship promotion, were related to increased pleasure and decreased suffering at work. These aspects depend on the organisational culture of the institution. Investigating organisational culture facilitates the understanding of potential collective coping strategies and the organisational changes that favour good mental health in nurses.
The benefits of interprofessional education 10 years on
Authors: Illingworth Paul , Chelvanayagam Sonya
Published: July 2017

Interprofessional education (IPE) was first conceived in 1973 by a World Health Organization (WHO) expert group in Geneva. WHO member states were then charged with implementing medical education IPE pilot projects and from then to today there has a been a rapid proliferation in the number of publications on the subject. IPE has generated research into its use, conferences specific to IPE, organisations dedicated to it and policy championing it. The authors question whether there has been any major shift in the silos in which different professions might be working. The authors published an article on the benefits of IPE ( Illingworth and Chelvanayagam, 2007 ). Ten years have now passed and many changes have been implemented and experienced in health and social care and therefore a review of the literature is required. Also, it is 7 years since the publication of WHO's report outlining the role of IPE in the preparation of health professionals ( WHO, 2010 ) and, increasingly, UK Government policy champions collaborative and integrated working. The conclusions from the 2007 article acknowledged the development of IPE; however, it highlighted the need for empirical evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of IPE in service user and carer outcomes. This article will explore whether IPE has achieved the benefits discussed in the previous article and what developments have occurred since it was published.
Dental Anaesthesia and Analgesia of the Dog and Cat
Authors: Benney Helen
Published: July 2017

Registered veterinary nurses (RVN) and student veterinary nurses (SVN) may be involved with providing perioperative care for dental patients every week in practice. There are many ways that the RVN, working with the veterinary surgeon (VS), can help to ensure the patient has a comfortable and uneventful time from admission to discharge. This includes pre anaesthetic assessments and working together to develop an anaesthetic plan, with multimodal analgesia and careful patient monitoring and intervention as needed. This article looks at the dental patient through all stages of the anaesthetic period, and will aim to give the reader some guidance on how they should be managing these cases to provide the best care possible.
Euptox A Induces G1 Arrest and Autophagy via p38 MAPK- and PI3K/Akt/mTOR-Mediated Pathways in Mouse Splenocytes
Authors: Mo Quan , Hu Liwen , Weng Jiahua , Zhang Yong , Zhou Yancheng , Xu Ruiguang , Zuo Zhicai , Deng Junliang , Ren Zhihua , Zhong Zhijun , Peng Guangneng , Nong Xiang , Wei Yahui , Hu Yanchun
Published: July 2017

Euptox A (9-oxo-10, 11-dehydroageraphorone), the main toxin isolated from Eupatorium adenophorum, is known to induce immunotoxicity in animals. However, the precise mechanism underlying the effects of Euptox A on splenocytes is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of Euptox A in mouse spleens after its intragastric administration and found that Euptox A exhibits proautophagic effects in splenocytes. Euptox A markedly arrested the splenocytes in the G0/G1 phase, which was accompanied by inhibition of the expression of the positive regulators CDK4, CDK2, cyclin D1, PCNA, and E2F1, and promotion of the expression of the negative regulators p53, p21 Waf1/Cip1, p27 Kip1, and Chk1. We also found that Euptox A did not markedly induce splenocyte apoptosis, but induced autophagy while increasing the subcellular localization of punctate LC3, ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, and Beclin 1 levels, and decreasing p62 levels. Euptox A also significantly inhibited p-PI3K, p-p38 MAPK, p-Akt, and p-mTOR expression, but increased PTEN and p-AMPK expression. These results indicated that Euptox A induced splenocyte autophagy by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, suppressing p38 MAPK expression, and activating AMPK. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in spleen toxicity caused by Euptox A in mice.
Immune evasion in colo-rectal cancer in a cohort of Sudanese patients: possible roles for MHC Class II antigens
Authors: Dafalla Mohammed , Elzaki Kamal , Mohamed Elsagad , Elsafi Mohamed , Mohamed Hatim , Younis Brima , Van Niekerk Chantal , Steenkamp Vanessa , Musa Ahmed , Khalil Eltahir
Published: July 2017

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer world-wide. The majority of cases occur in the developed world. This prospective study aimed to correlate different human leukocyte antigens (HLA types; HLA DRB1 and DRB3) with the aggressiveness of CRC in Sudanese patients.Methods: Thirty-three patients with histopathologically confirmed CRC were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Molecular typing for HLA DRB1 (DR1, 7 and 17), DRB3 and DRB4 were carried out using PCR-based Sequence-Specific Primers.Results: Forty percent of the patients were ≤ 50years; with a male to female ratio of 2.5:1. Rectal bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom. While moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was the dominant histological type. Duke's stages B and C were reported in 54.6% and 42.4% of patients, respectively. No patients presented with Dukes stages A or D. HLA DRB3 was the most frequent allele detected followed by DRB4 and DR17. A higher frequency of the DRB3 allele was found in the peripheral blood when compared with the tumor and apparently normal tissues. HLA DRB3 and DR7 allele frequencies correlated with Duke's stages B and C but not with age, sex or degree of differentiation, while blood DR17 antigen correlated only with the degree of tumor differentiation.Conclusion: CRC was found to have a higher occurrence in younger patients.  Tumors were aggressive with advance Duke's stage at presentation. This aggressive nature could possibly be related to either increased HLA DRB3 or DR7 or decreased HLA DR17 levels in the tumor tissue when compared with the blood. No differences between tumor and normal colon tissues were found, in concordance with the multifocally of colon cancer theory.
Health Insurance Coverage and Risky Health Behaviors among Young Adults
Authors: Yörük Barış K.
Published: July 2017

This paper investigates the relationship between health insurance coverage and risky health behaviors among young adults using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort (NLSY97). Before the Affordable Care Act required all employers in the United States to provide health insurance to employees’ children until the age of 26 (before September 2010), many health insurance contracts covered dependents up until age 19. Using a regression discontinuity design framework, I find that approximately 6 percent of young adults lose their health insurance coverage once they turn 19. I also find that although losing health insurance coverage at age 19 does not have any significant impact on smoking, marijuana use, and risky sexual behaviors among young adults, it decreases the probability of consuming 5 or more drinks a day by approximately 2 percentage points. These results are robust under several different parametric and non-parametric models and not sensitive to the selection of samples based on gender.
Determination of mode I and mode II fracture toughness of walnut and cherry in TR and RT crack propagation system by the Arcan test
Authors: Murata Koji , Bachtiar Erik Valentine , Niemz Peter
Published: July 2017

Two specimen types, each from walnut and cherry wood, were prepared for tangential-radial (TR) and radial-tangential (RT) crack propagation systems at 65% of RH and 20°C before mode I and mode II fracture toughness was determined through Arcan tests. It was found that fracture toughness in mode I is in agreement with literature data. In the mode II test, however, the crack propagated in the direction normal to the shear plane and not parallel to it. The release rate of strain energy in terms of the opening failure in mode II was lower than that in mode I. It can be concluded that it is difficult to determine the fracture toughness of RT or TR propagation in hardwood specimens in mode II.
What makes young people tick? A qualitative analysis of the beliefs and perceptions of school aged children towards PE and healthy living in “the sickest area of Europe”
Authors: Cowley Joe G. , Kiely John , Collins Dave
Published: July 2017

Scottish children are reported to be among the least active in the world, additionally Scotland has previously been labelled “the sick man of Europe” on account of its poor health record. In response, the Scottish Government has implemented a range of policies with a strong focus on increasing physical activity (PA), Physical Education (PE) and the integration of health and wellbeing (HWB) with the aim of promoting and sustaining PA throughout life. To date, limited qualitative research exploring pupil perspective of PE lessons and HWB exists. To address this deficit, within this study, focus groups were conducted with 39 secondary school pupils (S1–S2). The findings indicated that delivery of traditional PE lessons, prioritising sporting ability, can act as a participation barrier to pupils who consider themselves “non-sporty”. Accordingly, a shift towards pedagogical models, rather than simply blocks of sports-related activities should be the priority of educators.
Rate of teenage pregnancy in Jordan and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Khader Yousef S. , Batieha Anwar , Al fursan Rana Kareem , Al-Hader Rami , Hijazi Sa’ad S.
Published: July 2017

Objective

Research regarding the adverse outcomes of adolescent childbearing has suffered from many limitations such as a small sample size and non-representative samples. This study was conducted to determine the rate of teenage pregnancy among Jordanian adolescents and its associated adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods

The study is a part of a comprehensive national study of perinatal mortality that was conducted between 2011 and 2012 in Jordan. All women who gave birth after 20 weeks of gestation in 18 maternity hospitals in Jordan between 2011 and 2012 were invited to participate in the study. Consenting women were interviewed by the trained midwives in these hospitals using a structured questionnaire prepared for the purpose of this study. Additional information was also collected based on the physical examination by the midwife and the obstetrician at admission and at discharge. Data on the newborn were also collected by the pediatric nurses and the neonatologists in these hospitals.

Results

The overall rate of teenage pregnancy [95% confidence interval (CI) was 6.2% (5.9%, 6.5%)]. Of the studied maternal and neonatal outcomes, women aged <20 years were more likely to deliver prematurely compared to women aged 20–35 years [odds ratio (OR)=1.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.9; p < 0.005)]. However, the two groups of women did not differ significantly in low birth weight delivery (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9, 1.5; p = 0.167) and neonatal mortality (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.3; p = 0.491) in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusion

Teenage pregnancy was associated with increased risk of premature delivery, apart from the effects of socioeconomic factors.
Statistical evaluation of the influence of the uncertainty budget on B-spline curve approximation
Authors: Zhao Xin , Alkhatib Hamza , Kargoll Boris , Neumann Ingo
Published: July 2017

In the field of engineering geodesy, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has become a popular method for detecting deformations. This paper analyzes the influence of the uncertainty budget on free-form curves modeled by B-splines. Usually, free-form estimation is based on scanning points assumed to have equal accuracies, which is not realistic. Previous findings demonstrate that the residuals still contain random and systematic uncertainties caused by instrumental, object-related and atmospheric influences. In order to guarantee the quality of derived estimates, it is essential to be aware of all uncertainties and their impact on the estimation.

In this paper, a more detailed uncertainty budget is considered, in the context of the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement” (GUM), which leads to a refined, heteroskedastic variance covariance matrix (VCM) of TLS measurements. Furthermore, the control points of B-spline curves approximating a measured bridge are estimated. Comparisons are made between the estimated B-spline curves using on the one hand a homoskedastic VCM and on the other hand the refined VCM. To assess the statistical significance of the differences displayed by the estimates for the two stochastic models, a nested model misspecification test and a non-nested model selection test are described and applied. The test decisions indicate that the homoskedastic VCM should be replaced by a heteroskedastic VCM in the direction of the suggested VCM. However, the tests also indicate that the considered VCM is still inadequate in light of the given data set and should therefore be improved.
Tensile properties of shielded metal arc welded dissimilar joints of nuclear grade ferritic steel and austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Karthick K. , Malarvizhi S. , Balasubramanian V. , Krishnan S.A. , Sasikala G. , Albert Shaju K.
Published: July 2017

In nuclear power plants, modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel (Grade 91 or P91) is used for constructing steam generators (SG’s) whereas austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316LN) is a major structural member for intermediate heat exchanger (IHX). Therefore, a dissimilar joint between these materials is unavoidable. In this investigation, dissimilar joints were fabricated by Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process with Inconel 82/182 filler metals. Transverse tensile properties and Charpy V-notch impact toughness for different regions of dissimilar joints of modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel and AISI 316LN austenitic stainless steel were evaluated as per the standards. Microhardness distribution across the dissimilar joint was recorded. Microstructural features of different regions were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The transverse tensile properties of the joint is found to be inferior to base metals. Impact toughness values of different regions of dissimilar metal weld joint (DMWJ) is slightly higher than the prescribed value. Formation of a soft zone at the outer edge of the HAZ will reduce the tensile properties of DMWJ. The complex microstructure developed at the interfaces of DMWJ will reduce the impact toughness values.
When Ethics and Law Clash a Look at the Ethical, Legal, and Moral Issues Arising from the Boston College Belfast Oral Project
Authors: Borgersen Sinead C.
Published: July 2017

This paper explores the ethical, legal, and moral Issues arising from the Boston College Belfast Oral Project initiated in 2001 across scholarly and non-scholarly sources. The researchers of the project entered into an understanding of confidentiality with the college for the project and the participants. An international subpoena request was served between the UK to the US government in 2011 requesting the project records. Bray (2011. “The Whole Story Behind the Boston College Subpoenas.”
Sustainability of Zimbabwe’s Parliamentary Constituency Information Centres
Authors: Munyoro Isaiah , Onyacha Omwoyo Bosire
Published: July 2017

This paper assessed the sustainability of Zimbabwe’s Parliamentary Constituency Information Centres (PCICs) as one of many parliamentary constituency projects through examining support from development partners and central government. With the advent of constituency development funds (CDFs) it was expected that PCICs would become increasingly important as centres for disseminating parliamentary information, as an interface between parliament and constituents as well as a communication and coordination hub for constituency activities. These aspects have the effect of improving the Member of Parliament’s (MP) work within the constituency, consequently having a positive impact on the constituency as well as improving MPs’ contribution in parliament. The study was based on theoretical assumptions of interpretive paradigm leading to the belief that respondents are subjected to the external world, with a mixed method approach (Ngulube 2010, “Mapping Mixed Methods Research in Library and Information Science Journals in Sub-Saharan Africa.”
Interface transition layer interaction mechanism for ZTAP/HCCI composites
Authors: Zhou MoJin , Jiang YeHua , Chong XiaoYu
Published: July 2017

ZrO2-toughened Al2O3 (ZTA, 40%) ceramic particles reinforced by high chromium cast iron (HCCI) matrix composites were fabricated by casting infiltration. The interaction between the ZTA ceramic particles and the matrix by the interface transition layer (ITL) was investigated. From the perspective of interfacial bonding, the ceramic particles and HCCI experienced metallurgical bonding by the ITL. Electron probe microanalysis results demonstrated that Cr, Fe, and Mn diffused from the matrix to the ITL. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the main phases in the transition layer were glassy. The wear resistance of the composites with the transition layer was better than those without, as indicated by the three-body abrasive wear tester.
Legal Regulation of Entrepreneur’s Conduct in Slovakia
Authors: Holub Dušan , Magurová Hana
Published: July 2017

The article provides characteristics of legal regulation of the conduct of entrepreneurs, including the analysis of a new element of the Slovak law – so-called “disqualification”. It consists in a prohibition (by a court order) to perform functions of a member of the statutory or supervisory body in a company or co-operative, as well as in a prohibition to act as a director of the organisational unit of an enterprise, as a director of an enterprise of a foreign party, or as a procurator. Entrepreneurs are entitled to act on their own name. We distinguish direct and indirect (mediated) acts of entrepreneurs. When acting directly, the entrepreneur acts personally (for individuals) or through the statutory body (for legal entities). Indirect (mediated) acts of entrepreneurs consist in manifestation of the will through a third person, who acts on behalf of the entrepreneur (so-called statutory representation).
The Higher Essence of Economic Convergence Regarding Monetary Impacts
Authors: Hudec Martin
Published: July 2017

The increasing pace of achieving socio-economic growth and convergence into developed structures represents the main desire of most countries. Moreover, membership in monetary unions has quite a significant impact on the economies of participating countries, since integration processes have become undoubtedly the undisputed accelerator of convergence and integration catalyst, reflecting on the development of the world economy. The growing intensity of world trade, the ever-deepening division of labor and specialization, international movement of capital and labor mobility as wells as investments into education, research and development, innovations are among the factors that lead to the creation of increasingly closer ties between economies, deepening their mutual dependence, further reflected in knowledge-based societies. Thus, the close ties between national economies themselves represent a further incentive for more intensive cooperation through the different stages of economic integration. International economic integration is an objective to promote a gradual process of linking and connecting existing economic units, i.e. national economies to the greater interconnected units in the global economy. The aim of our research paper, by using the methods of analysis and comparison, is to closely present the issue of monetary integration, focusing on the impact of monetary integration on countries’ economy, resulting in the issue of benefits and costs of the countries’ entry into the monetary union, associated with initial economic shocks.
Applicability of biotechnologically produced insect silks
Authors: Herold Heike M. , Scheibel Thomas
Published: July 2017

Silks are structural proteins produced by arthropods. Besides the well-known cocoon silk, which is produced by larvae of the silk moth Bombyx mori to undergo metamorphosis inside their silken shelter (and which is also used for textile production by men since millennia), numerous further less known silk-producing animals exist. The ability to produce silk evolved multiple independent times during evolution, and the fact that silk was subject to convergent evolution gave rise to an abundant natural diversity of silk proteins. Silks are used in air, under water, or like honey bee silk in the hydrophobic, waxen environment of the bee hive. The good mechanical properties of insect silk fibres together with their non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable nature renders these materials appealing for both technical and biomedical applications. Although nature provides a great diversity of material properties, the variation in quality inherent in materials from natural sources together with low availability (except from silkworm silk) impeded the development of applications of silks. To overcome these two drawbacks, in recent years, recombinant silks gained more and more interest, as the biotechnological production of silk proteins allows for a scalable production at constant quality. This review summarises recent developments in recombinant silk production as well as technical procedures to process recombinant silk proteins into fibres, films, and hydrogels.
Acción afirmativa: una vía para reducir la desigualdad
Authors: Begné Patricia
Published: July 2017

El término acción afirmativa se refiere a aquellas acciones positivas que reducen o eliminan prácticas discriminatorias contra sectores excluídos de la población tales como mujeres, o grupos étnicos o de cierta preferencia sexual. Se busca con ello darles un trato preferencial y utilizar mecanismos diseñados expresamente para obtener resultados. Este artículo es sobre el término acción afirmativa en México, y como políticas públicas, tales como Ley General de Igualdad para Mujeres y Hombres, trata de implementar reglas para reducir prácticas discriminatorias.
Competencia partidista y rendimiento político electoral de los partidos políticos mexicanos en elecciones presidenciales entre los años de 1994 y 2006
Authors: León Ganatios Luis Eduardo
Published: July 2017

La competencia partidista, en elecciones presidenciales a nivel federal en México, se ha intensificado a partir del año 2000, con la victoria de un partido distinto al Partido Revolucionario Institucional, por ende, han variado las preferencias electorales y la oferta electoral. La finalidad de este artículo es medir mediante una serie de indicadores como Número efectivo de partidos, Índice de concentración, índice de fragmentación de Rae y volatilidad las posibles variaciones en la tendencia de voto, el sistema de partidos políticos y el cambio de preferencias de un partido hacia otro. Con el fin de aproximar un posible escenario para las elecciones presidenciales de 2012.
Los factores externos en la transformación de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Guanajuato
Authors: Olguín Torres Antonio
Published: July 2017

Este articulo trata de la transformación que ha tenido lugar en la División de Derecho, Política y Gobierno con motivo del impacto que los factores externos, como son la demanda de espacios de educación superior y la apertura de nuevos programas académicos , han originado que el sistema educativo se modernice para efecto de responder a las nuevas demandas sociales.
La prisión. Reseña histórica y conceptual.
Authors: Enríquez Rubio Hernández Herlinda
Published: July 2017

En el siguiente trabajo se presenta una narración sucinta de la evolución de la pena privativa de la libertad, tomando en cuenta sus antecedentes más representativos, el comienzo de la prisión y su ulterior desarrollo. Se analiza a la institución penitenciaria como parte de la construcción social denominada Derecho Penal, a fin de consolidar una definición de la misma.Para ello, se analizan diversas perspectivas teóricas que nos han permitido estructurar con cierta claridad y exactitud la significación de esta institución, su naturaleza y su razón de ser.
Las relaciones fiscales intergubernamentales. Una aproximación al contexto jurídico de la tributación local en México
Authors: Plascencia de la Torre Gloria María , Méndez Aguilar Eduardo
Published: July 2017

El estudio parte de dos premisas: a) la Constitución es la Ley Suprema, que da origen a la organización de un Estado, por ser la expresión más completa de la soberanía popular, al definir los órganos y competencias de que estará dotado en sus diferentes órdenes de gobierno; y b) en modelos de Estado Federal como el mexicano, es indispensable que sus órdenes de gobierno, hagan uso de la potestad recaudatoria que les corresponde, evitando que su actuación financiera sólo se limite a la aplicación del gasto. El artículo, es parte de un proyecto de investigación sobre hacienda pública municipal, en el que se pondera la importancia de la corresponsabilidad recaudatoria. Es una investigación documental y para su desarrollo se utiliza el método hipotético-deductivo.
Sustantividad jurídica de la pretensión en el código de procedimiento y justicia administrativa para el estado y los municipios de Guanajuato
Authors: Rendón Huerta Barrera Teresita de Jesús
Published: July 2017

Esta investigación tiene por objeto establecer la sustantividad jurídica de la pretensión en el proceso contencioso administrativo conforme al Código de Procedimiento y Justicia Administrativa para el Estado y los Municipios de Guanajuato, porque de tal determinación se derivan consecuencias fundamentales, por cuanto delimita subjetiva, objetiva y causalmente el proceso. La acción administrativa, como toda acción procesal, es un derecho subjetivo público, que se ejerce por los gobernados como regla general, y por excepción por las autoridades, tratándose del juicio de lesividad. Para el ejercicio de este derecho, deben concurrir los elementos que el Código de Procedimiento y Justicia Administrativa para el Estado y los Municipios de Guanajuato establece. La acción procesal administrativa va dirigida al juzgador y tiene como contenido una pretensión. La pretensión procesal, afirma la existencia de un derecho público subjetivo de naturaleza administrativa. Tal derecho público subjetivo, entraña siempre una solicitud de pronunciamiento sobre un acto de autoridad que se reputa ilegal.Aparece como un contenido posible de la acción, procesalmente concretado en la demanda, que busca la realización de la pretensión.
Sobre guía temática de filosofía del derecho de Eugenio Trueba Olivares. Lo esencial del derecho
Authors: De la Torre Rangel Jesús Antonio
Published: July 2017

Reseña
Los supuestos de la responsabilidad patrimonial del Estado en el funcionamiento de la administración de justicia reconocidos como derechos humanos en el ámbito internacional
Authors: Romero Michel Jessica Cristina
Published: July 2017

En México no se encuentra regulada la Responsabilidad Patrimonial del Estado en el funcionamiento de la Administración de Justicia y los medios de control previstos en la legislación para obtener una indemnización como consecuencia de la actividad de administrar justicia nos obligan a accionar en contra de los servidores públicos, ahora con la reforma ocurrida en materia de Derechos Humanos surge la oportunidad de hacer valer esta figura como un Derecho Humano.Es por ello que se desea destacar un tema que produce serias consecuencias, concretamente en los particulares que a diario se ven afectados ante innumerables errores y deficiencias producidos por los órganos encargados de Administrar Justicia, pues aunque dice la sabiduría ancestral “errar es de humanos” la pregunta que se hace en este momento es ¿hasta qué punto estamos obligados a soportar esas fallas?
El principio general del derecho de confianza legítima
Authors: Rodríguez Arana Jaime
Published: July 2017

En el marco de los principios de una buena administración pública destacan, entre otros, los de seguridad jurídica, buena fé y confianza legítima. En concreto este principio significa que las expectativas que la Administración pública ha generado con sus actuaciones deben ser respetadas en el futuro de acuerdo con los principios de congruencia y coherencia salvo que se justifique en concreto, con argumentos razonables, la necesidad de proceder de otra forma.
Fuentes internacionales para determinar los derechos de las audiencias
Authors: Rendón Huerta Barrera Teresita de Jesús
Published: July 2017

Este estudio tiene como objetivo central precisar las fuentes convencionales internacionales para la especificidad de los derechos de las audiencia.Toda persona al entrar en contacto con los medios de comunicación, forma parte de una audiencia y por ese solo hecho debería contar con un sistema de tutela, en razón de que los medios tienen ventajas incomparables sobre los individuos, asumiendo un carácter preponderantemente unilateral al no tener que dar una respuesta inmediata a quien trata de establecer con ellos un vínculo.
El control de convencionalidad y las cortes nacionales: la perspectiva de los jueces mexicanos de Paula M. García Villegas Sánchez Cordero (coord.), México, Porrúa, 2013
Authors: Lim Acosta Carlos Ariel
Published: July 2017

RESEÑA
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Soriano Flores José Jesús
Published: July 2017

Presentación
La constitucionalización de la razonabilidad como imperativo
Authors: Rendón Huerta Barrera Teresita de Jesús
Published: July 2017

El presente artículo se refiere a la razonabilidad no solo como un principio que debe regir la actuación de los juzgadores u orientar la emisión de las leyes, sino como un derecho fundamental.
Subjetivismo y objetivismo en el derecho penal según Carlos Santiago Nino
Authors: Torres Ortega Ilsse Carolina
Published: July 2017

El artículo que a continuación se presenta corresponde al análisis del trabajo de Carlos Santiago Nino titulado “Subjetivismo y objetivismo en el Derecho penal”, el cual fue publicado con posterioridad a la consolidación de sus más importantes teorías, relacionándose particularmente con la referente a la justificación del castigo. Revisando el proceso mediante el cual se ha ido estableciendo la preeminencia de un modelo de inculpación en la teoría tradicional del delito, se concluye que una elección subjetivista puede conducir a que la determinación de la culpa se ubique en el terreno del carácter del agente, derivando de esta manera en el perfeccionismo moral por parte del Estado. La elección objetivista de Carlos Nino es coherente con sus ideas respecto a un modelo liberal de responsabilidad penal, ajeno a evaluaciones morales sobre la personalidad de los individuos.
Orientaciones para resolver casos de teoría del delito
Authors: Vidaurri Aréchiga Manuel
Published: July 2017

El autor hace sugerencias a los estudiantes de Derecho penal para solucionar casos de teoría del delito. Se trata de orientaciones básicas que complementan las explicaciones de los profesores.
El Derecho y sus conceptos: Entrevista a Massimo La Torre
Authors: Mora Sifuentes Francisco M.
Published: July 2017

Massimo La Torre (Mesina, 1954) es Catedrático de Filosofía del Derecho en la Universidad de Catanzaro, Italia. También es Visiting Professor en la Universidad de Hull, Reino Unido. Ha realizado contribuciones de primer orden para el desarrollo de una teoría institucionalista del Derecho, siendo en la actualidad uno de sus máximos exponentes. Es autor, entre otros, de los siguientes libros: Law as Institution (Springer, 2010), Constitutionalism and Legal Reasoning (Springer, 2007), Norme, istituzioni, valori (Laterza, 1999). Se ha ocupado también de los juristas y filósofos del Derecho alemanes durante la República de Weimar; de los problemas políticos de la integración y la ciudadanía europea; de la deontología de las profesiones jurídicas; de la tortura, entre otros. Fue titular de una “Cátedra de Excelencia” en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, España. Ha recibido el Premio de Investigación de la Fundación Alexander Von Humbold, Alemania, entre otros reconocimientos.
Derecho aduanero de Sidorov Victor Nikiforovich, Moscú, iurait, 2014
Authors: Sidorova Elena Victorovna
Published: July 2017

El derecho aduanero moderno es complejo y al mismo tiempo, constituye una rama jurídicaque se desarrolla impetuosamente. La legislación aduanera de la Federación Rusa,fundamentada inicialmente en el Código Aduanero de 1993, y posteriomente en el Códigode 2003, ha evolucionado y conformado una nueva legislación aduanera que funciona yano solo en Rusia, sino en todo el territorio de la Unión Aduanera, el cual ademas incluye aKazajistan y Bielorrusia.
La exigibilidad de los derechos sociales a partir de su estructura
Authors: Rodríguez Camarena Carlos Salvador
Published: July 2017

Este documento explora brevemente el fundamento y concepción de los derechos sociales y la manera en que están estructurados, ya que, a pesar de que la gran mayoría de las constituciones del mundo incluyen estos derechos, del esfuerzo de los tribunales por hacerlos cumplir y de la gran cantidad de estudios sobre ellos, estamos aún lejos de hacerlos plenamente efectivos. De ahí que el entendimiento de la manera en que estos derechos son concebidos y la determinación de su estructura, sean clave para mejorar su justiciabilidad.
Disyuntiva de las disposiciones de reclusión en la reforma al artículo 18 constitucional
Authors: Enriquez Rubio Hernández Herlinda , Hernández Cuevas Maximiliano
Published: July 2017

En el siguiente artículo se presenta una disertación en torno a las disposicionesestablecidas en el artículo 18 constitucional, específicamente las que hacen mención de la existencia de centros de reclusión especiales destinados a personas ubicadas dentro de la delincuencia organizada y aquellos internos que requieren de medidas especiales de seguridad.La discusión se realiza desde dos puntos de vista: uno práctico-moral y otro desde la Sociología del derecho. En el primero, se analiza la influencia del desarrollo moral en las producciones legislativas, y en el segundo, la coherencia sistemático-jurídica de las normas referidas, así como los efectos de su aplicación. Haciendo especial énfasis en la paradoja creada por el estadomexicano: haber legislado la aplicación de medidas restrictivas que lastiman severamente a cierto tipo de prisioneros, y que estas normas sean parte de una gran reforma a nuestro sistema penal que, además, en el año 2011, se han revestido de respetuosas de los derechos humanos.
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: Vidaurri Aréchiga Manuel
Published: July 2017

PRESENTACIÓN
RELATIVIDAD DE CONTENIDO DEL INTERÉS GENERAL POR SU DEPENDENCIA AL PRINCIPIO DE ESTADO SOCIAL Y DEMOCRÁTICO DE DERECHO (A propósito del libro “con miras del Interés General” de los profesores ARANAMUÑOZ Y RIVERO YSERN)
Authors: López Peña Edmer Leandro
Published: July 2017

El interés general es la justificación por excelencia de la actuación administrativa, pero noes exclusiva de esta rama, tanto la legislativa y la judicial invocan el interés general comocláusula de funcionamiento. El interés general es el espíritu del Estado, él es su guardían2 serel custodio implica para el Estado como Unidad que éste tiene efectos in-put y out-put, pues,por un lado, orienta su actuar (efecto in-put); y, por el otro, sirve como técnica de control desus actos administrativos, judiciales, y legislativos (efecto out-put), allí, la razón del principiode Check and balance.
Laudatio del Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c.mult. Claus Roxin, pronunciada por el Prof. Dr.Dr.h.c.mult. Francisco Muñoz Conde, en el acto de investidura como Doctor Honoris Causa por la universidad Pablo Olavide de Sevilla, el día 13 de noviembre del 2014, en el Paranimf
Authors: Muñoz Conde Francisco
Published: July 2017

LAUDATIO DEL PROF.DR.DR.H.C.MULT. CLAUS ROXIN, PRONUNCIADAPOR EL PROF. DR.DR.H.C.MULT. FRANCISCO MUÑOZ CONDE, EN ELACTO DE INVESTIDURA COMO DOCTOR HONORIS CAUSA POR LAUNIVERSIDAD PABLO OLAVIDE DE SEVILLA, EL DÍA 13 DE NOVIEMBREDEL 2014, EN EL PARANINFO DE DICHA UNIVERSIDAD
Orientaciones educativas para la formación jurídica (penal)
Authors: Guerrero Agripino Luis Felipe
Published: July 2017

La calidad educativa en los estudios jurídicos representa un factor importante en el fortalecimiento del Estado de Derecho. Esta situación se hace más patente en el ámbito de la formación jurídico penal dadas las transformaciones recientes al sistema de justicia penal en México. Es así como cobra relevancia analizar las bases educativas que sustentan la formación jurídica; particularmente, sobre los conocimientos, habilidades, destrezas y competencias que requiere el profesional del Derecho ante los desafíos actuales.
Rudolf von Jhering y el paradigma positivista. Fundamentos ideológicos y filosóficos de su pensamiento jurídico DE LUIS M. LLOREDO ALIX, DYKINSON, MADRID. 2012, 598 Pp.
Authors: Garza Onofre Juan Jesús
Published: July 2017

Rudolf von Jhering y el paradigma positivista. Fundamentos ideológicos y filosóficos de su pensamiento jurídico. DE LUIS M. LLOREDO ALIX, DYKINSON, MADRID. 2012, 598 Pp.
El uso de mecanismos alternativos de solución de controversias en materia administrativa
Authors: García Tovar Tobias
Published: July 2017

El artículo plantea la factibilidad de utilizar mecanismos alternativos a la decisión jurisdiccional para resolver las controversias que se presentan en el ámbito administrativo en el estado de Guanajuato; señala diversos ordenamientos que ya los contemplan y destaca aspectos valiosos que tornan recomendable su aplicación.
Las sentencias judiciales como actos correctores del sistema democrático
Authors: Maraniello Patricio
Published: July 2017

Muchas veces se ha dicho que los jueces no representan al pueblo y por lo tanto sus decisiones son contramayoritarias o anti-democráticas. Encuentran como fundamento en el hecho de que no son elegidos democráticamente, sino por un procedimiento técnico constitucional complejo, y en consecuencia podría pensar que sus sentencias no son democráticas. Como atenuante podría considerarse el hecho de que si bien el pueblo no interviene en las decisiones judiciales, en el proceso de designación de un magistrado participan sus representantes, comolo ha sostenido la Corte de Justicia Argentina en el caso “Rizzo”, por el cual fijo la pauta donde los jueces son elegidos en forma indirecta por el pueblo. En la doctrina norteamericana existen tres propuestas centrales para resolver la dificultad mayoritaria, y una sola para disolverla.En la primera se encuentra la llamada fundacionalista de derecho por Roland Dworkin; en la segunda propuesta, desarrollada por John Hart Ely, la intitulada “interpretativistas”; la tercera y última es la que Stephen Holmes llamó la elección social, que se basa en la “estrategia del precompromiso”. En cambio, existe una sola postura para disolverla que es la de Bruce Ackerman, basada en una teoría democrática dualista distinguiendo entre “política normal” y “política constitucional”. Finalmente, hemos desarrollado nuestra posición que se acerca a la última postura, en el cual no resulta necesario ningún justificativo ni en la legitimidad democrática de los jueces ni en sus decisiones, pues en realidad los jueces tienen como función democrática su perfeccionamiento al incluir a las minorías insulares.