bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The problems of resolving contemporary interstate confessional conflicts
Authors:   Azərbaycan Turizm və Menecment Universiteti magistrant, Nazim qızı Rzayeva Mələk
Published: May 2021

The essence, role and significance of the religious factor in the conflicts that have arisen in the new world order have become one of the most pressing problems of humanity today. The problems associated with the settlement and resolution of conflicts related to the coexistence of different religions in our time, in each case due to the mixing of socio-political conflicts. Peaceful resolution of religious-political conflicts has become the most important activity to enhance security and stability in today's world. Thus, this article examines the problems of conflict resolution and ways to resolve them. Key words: civilization, religion, confessional factor, interstate confrontation, conflict resolution
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE IMPACT OF THE FINANCIAL CRISIS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF CREDIT ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Baku State University master, Azizaga Garazade Ulviyya
Published: May 2021

The current article examines the legal aspects of solving the problems caused by the financial crisis and the impact of the financial crisis on the activities of credit institutions. The study focuses on the theoretical and legal basis of the financial crisis, analyzes the negative impact of the crisis on the banking sector, draws conclusions and analyzes the current situation in the sector. Key words: financial crisis, credit organizations, legal aspects, impact,financial stability, risk
The role of taxes in financing economic development. Potential opportunities in azerbaijani economy
Authors:   Bakı Mühəndislik Universiteti magistrantı, Hadı qızı Hüseynli Zümrüd
Published: May 2021

At the moment, Azerbaijan has adopted the tax practice of stimulating business activity mainly from countries that are mainly focused on imports. However, all the provided benefits in tax legislation for innovation are of an episodic nature, since they do not cover the entire cycle of the innovation process, and enterprises, in principle, are neutral to innovative behavior. Taxes can be an element of the mechanism that regulates demographic processes, youth policy, and other social phenomena. It is also possible to regulate consumption with the help of taxes. For example, such a tax as excise, along with ensuring the revenue side of the budget, and especially its high size, affects the demand and purchasing power of the population. Key words: economic development, taxation, financial system, government regulation, economic potential
Health of workers with occupational diseases who contacted with chemical harmful production factors
Authors: Gurev A. V. , Tukov A. R. , Kretov A. S.
Published: May 2021

For persons with occupational diseases who worked at enterprises and organizations served by medical institutions of the FMBA of the Russian Federation, it is relevant to assess their health, taking into account the impact of harmful chemical production factors that have become the causes of their occupational diseases. About 2/3 of cases of occupational diseases caused by chemical hazards are organophosphorus compounds (pesticides), beryllium and its compounds. Of the diseases of non-professional genesis, this group of persons has the highest prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system, musculoskeletal system, digestive and respiratory organs. Of the diseases of the circulatory system, the most commonly diagnosed diseases are those characterized by high blood pressure and coronary heart disease. The structure of diseases of the digestive system is dominated by diseases of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, diseases of the gall bladder, biliary tract and pancreas. Dorsopathies are the most common within the musculoskeletal disorders; chronic diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract – within the respiratory diseases.
What's In A Name? Malay Seals As Onomastic Sources
Authors:   The British Library, Gallop Annabel Teh
Published: May 2021

Most studies of Malay names to date have been based on ethnographic and literary sources. This article presents a new dataset for Malay onomastics, namely Islamic seals from Southeast Asia, inscribed in Arabic script and dating from the late 16th to early 20th century, over half of which bear a personal name. A high proportion of these seals are of sovereigns, and Malay seals are thus an exceptionally valuable primary source for regnal names. Yet while in Malay texts and chronicles the use of personal names is generally avoided in favour of kinship terms, relational names, titles and descriptive epithets, Malay seals are almost invariably inscribed with standard Arabic-Islamic personal names. This feature should be interpreted in the context of the image of self which the sealholder wished to project to the outside world, in which his or her Islamic identity, and membership of the universal ummah, was of prime importance. Keywords: Malay names, onomastic, Malay seals, regnal names, Islamic names Abstrak Kebanyakan kajian tentang nama Melayu setakat ini berdasarkan sumber daripada bidang etnografi atau bidang persuratan. Makalah ini mempersembahkan sumber baharu untuk kajian onomastik Melayu, iaitu cap mohor Islam dari Asia Tenggara yang ditulis dalam tulisan Arab, pada abad ke-16 hingga ke-20. Hampir separuh cap mohor tersebut mencatatkan nama perseorangan. Kebanyakannya milik sultan dan raja, dan cap mohor Melayu menjadi sumber yang amat berharga untuk nama pemerintah. Dalam hikayat dan riwayat Melayu, penggunaan nama perseorangan biasanya dielakkan, sedangkan yang digunakan ialah nama yang menjelaskan hubungan kekeluargaan, nama persaudaraan, pangkat, dan nama timang- timangan, tetapi cap mohor Melayu pula sentiasa ditulis dengan nama perseorangan Arab-Islam. Ciri ini diinterpretasikan dalam konteks imej diri yang ingin ditampilkan oleh pemilik cap mohor kepada dunia, sebagai ahli umat Islam, yang merupakan ciri utama identitinya Kata kunci: nama Melayu, onomastik, cap mohor Melayu, nama pemerintah, nama Islam
Unsur Konflik dalam Novel Nenek Karya Razali Endun
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Md Zain Rosnani , Nik Muhamad Affendi Nik Rafidah
Published: May 2021

Makalah ini membicarakan konflik yang terdapat dalam novel Nenek . Novel ini memenangi Hadiah Sastera Perdana Malaysia pada tahun 2014. Kemenangan novel Nenek mencetuskan kontroversi kerana ada pihak yang tidak bersetuju novel tersebut diangkat sebagai pemenang. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengklasifikasi dan menganalisis unsur konflik yang terdapat dalam novel Nenek dari perspektif humanistik Abraham Maslow. Novel ini memaparkan kisah manusia yang sering bertelagah dan berada dalam situasi dilema dan tidak dapat membuat keputusan yang tepat bagi menyelesaikan masalah. Mereka berhadapan dengan konflik untuk meleraikan masalah yang membelenggu hidup mereka. Konflik yang berlaku kepada watak-watak akhirnya dapat ditangani oleh mereka dengan bijak. Daripada penelitian, novel Nenek menyentuh beberapa aspek konflik seperti konflik individu, politik, ekonomi dan keluarga. Kajian mendapati Razali Endun berjaya memberikan gambaran tentang masyarakat kontemporari berdasarkan paparan konflik semasa dalam novelnya. Kata kunci: Nenek , Hadiah Sastera Perdana 2014, konflik, humanistik Maslow Abstract This article discusses the conflict found in the novel Nenek . Nenek won the prestigious Hadiah Sastera Perdana literary prize in 2014. The novel sparked controversy when it was declared the winner. Critics felt that Nenek did not meet the criteria and was awarded the prize due to political interference. The objective of this study is to classify and analyse elements of conflict in Nenek . This study will look at conflicts in the novel from the perspective of the humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow. Humans are never free of problems. These problems and conflicts cause people to struggle, and they are in a constant state of dilemma where they are unable to make the right decisions and solve problems. Human beings are forced to deal with conflicts to disperse the problems that upset their lives instead of avoiding them. In the end, conflicts involving the characters are handled wisely. The study finds that Nenek touches on several types of conflict, such as political conflicts, economic conflicts and family conflicts. The study shows that Razali Endun is able to depict contemporary society by depicting such conflicts in his novels. Keywords: Nenek , Hadiah Sastera Perdana 2014 , conflict, Maslow Humanistic
The History of Film Adaptation in Malaysia: The Long Journey of Its Rise and Fall
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Wan Teh Wan Hasmah
Published: May 2021

Morris Beja in his book Film and Literature: An Introduction , said that since the Academy Awards was introduced in 1927 – 1928, about three quarters of the award for best film was won by film adaptations. This is proof that film adaptation is a form of art that has gained the attention of the world community and was a well- known form of narrative in the 19th and 20th centuries in Europe. This paper takes the initiative to trace the history of film adaptations in general by focusing on such films in Malaysia. Findings of the study reveal that the history of film adaptation in Malaysia started in 1933 during the filming enterprise of Cathay Film and Malay Film in Singapore up to the setting up of Merdeka Studio in Kuala Lumpur in the 1970s and beyond. The film industry in Malaysia faced many problems including the influx of imported films from Indonesia and the commercialization factor that did not guarantee profits. However, around 2006, concerted efforts were reinforced to adapt literary works into films, through workshops and competitions organized by Malaysian government bodies such as Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), National Film Development Corporation (FINAS) and Radio and Television Malaysia (RTM). Keywords: film adaptation, history, Cathay Keris, Malay Film, Merdeka Studio Abstrak Morris Beja dalam bukunya Film and Literature: An Introduction , mengatakan bahawa sejak Anugerah Akademi diperkenalkan pada tahun 1927 – 1928, lebih kurang tiga per empat anugerah untuk filem terbaik telah dimenangi oleh filem adaptasi. Keadaan ini merupakan bukti bahawa filem adaptasi adalah satu bentuk seni yang telah lama mendapat perhatian masyarakat dunia dan menjadi corak naratif yang terkenal pada abad ke-19 dan ke-20 di Eropah. Makalah ini mengambil inisiatif untuk menelusuri sejarah filem adaptasi secara umum dengan memberi tumpuan kepada filem adaptasi di Malaysia. Dapatan kajian mendapati sejarah filem adaptasi di Malaysia melalui liku-liku perjalanan yang panjang bermula pada tahun 1933 sewaktu zaman perusahaan Cathay Film dan Malay Film di Singapura hingga ke Merdeka Studio di Kuala Lumpur sekitar tahun 1970- an dan seterusnya. Industri filem di Malaysia berdepan dengan pelbagai masalah termasuk lambakan filem import dari Indonesia dan faktor komersialisme yang tidak menjamin keuntungan. Walau bagaimanapun sekitar tahun 2006 usaha mengadaptasi karya sastera ke filem terus diperkasakan melalui bengkel dan pertandingan anjuran badan kerajaan di Malaysia seperti Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), Perbadanan Kemajuan Filem Nasional Malaysia (FINAS) dan Radio dan Televisyen Malaysia (RTM). Kata kunci: filem adaptasi, sejarah, Cathay Keris, Malay Film, Merdeka Studio
The effects of ICTs’ application in enterprises on the NewConnect market
Authors: Woźniak Jacek , Wereda Paweł
Published: May 2021

Przedmiotem przeprowadzonych analiz jest stosowanie technologii teleinformatycznych przez przedsiębiorstwa notowane na rynku NewConnect. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja podstawowych efektów stosowania ICT w polskich przedsiębiorstwach prowadzących działalność innowacyjną (notowanych na rynku NewConnect). W badaniu wykorzystano technikę CASI (badanie na próbie 60 innowacyjnych przedsiębiorstw). W badaniu zastosowano metody: analizy, syntezy, dedukcji oraz indukcji.
Aproximación a los conceptos de campo, habitus, capital y violencia simbólica de Bourdieu
Authors: Vargas Huanca Georgette
Published: May 2021

En este texto la autora analiza los conceptos de campo, habitus, capital y violencia simbólica de Pierre Bourdieu para explicar la propia disposición a aceptar “el orden de las cosas” a partir de la consideración del juego de roles que se asume como “natural”. Se considera que dichos conceptos son constitutivos para acercarse al planteamiento teórico de Bourdieu y realizar un análisis del comportamiento social. En el artículo, mediante un análisis bibliográfico de diversas fuentes especializadas y del mismo autor referido, se presentan reflexiones sobre los alcances de dichos conceptos y su aplicación a diversos aspectos de la realidad.
MAPPING OF LABORATORY SAFETY RESEARCH: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW
Authors: Abdullah Khairul Hafezad , Abd Aziz Fadzli Shah
Published: May 2021

Laboratory safety has become a priority for the reduction of occupational health risks among public health workers in developed countries. Analysing this scientific domain’s evolution and creation is essential. This review discusses the bibliometric data of scholarly research performed in laboratory safety in seven decades (1949 to 2020). The review uses the Scopus database and a wide variety of bibliometric metrics, that include publications, citations, and publishing patterns. A graphical visualisation of bibliographic details using the VOSviewer software is also presented. Results show that the number of studies covering this subject has fluctuated with the highest number of publications was 47 in 2016. Often, by reviewing publications and research areas, it can be construed that laboratory safety research is diverse. The bibliometric review conducted offers a rigorous and thorough view of laboratory safety research that may be beneficial to occupational safety and health practitioners and researchers keen in the pursuit of enhancing or discovering new knowledge in this field.
Protection of Economic Rights in Eastern European Countries
Authors: Kulynych Olha , Kurylina Oksana , Serdiuk Nataliia , Bashlai Serhii , Nesterenko Olena , Trachuk Petro
Published: May 2021

Current problems in the protection of economic rights in Eastern Europe (the impact of the oil industry on the environment and human health, discrimination in employment, including the abuse of the rights of migrant workers and women) determine the potential for economic development. This scientific article based on: qualitative and quantitative methodology; combination of comprehensive and systematic approaches; case method; analysis of statistical indicators. The aim of the research is to analyze the protection of economic rights in Eastern European countries and their negative impact on the lives of citizens. It has been found that in addition to unresolved issues of non-payment of salaries and discrimination against various social groups, these countries have new problems in the field of protection of intellectual property rights through the development of the digital economy. The legal system carefully and slowly integrates the practice of developed countries to provide guarantees for the most vulnerable (women, migrant workers). As a result, Eastern European countries are characterized by slow structural changes in the economy and an average level of GDP per capita. Discrimination, which is characterized by differences, is among the main problems. Discrimination does not ensure equal access for women to all spheres of public life. The revealed connection between gender equality and the economic well-being of the population proves the importance of protecting economic rights as a tool to ensure the formation of a socially oriented market economy. In Eastern European countries, there is no consistent concept of equality regardless of the social-economic characteristics of the citizen. Judicial practice remains quite cautious in sentencing and there are cases of return to formal equality.
Problems of Ensuring Personnel Stability and Security in the Government Authorities of Countries with Economies in Transition
Authors: Kapitanets Svitlana V. , Varenia Nataliia , Korolchuk Olena L. , Kulinich Tetiana , Kilnitska Olena , Holovchak Hanna
Published: May 2021

The goal of the article was to investigate the problems of personnel security in the government authorities of countries with a transition economy. Personnel security has been considered from the position of a bureaucratic approach, which makes it impossible for government authorities' personnel policy to be effective and the development of professionalism and democracy. Theories of human resource management and management theory have been defined as general concepts of ensuring personnel security. The connection between the quality of government authorities’ regulatory capacities and the efficiency of the government of transition economy has been revealed; the link between controlling corruption and increasing the efficiency of the government of transition economy has been established.
Mathematics as a scientific tool of government in the state
Authors: Rosenberg V.
Published: May 2021

The relationship between the state of the country, as well as the level of material well-being of each resident and its financial system is established.

It is determined that there is no mathematical model for assessing the state of the country based on the results of the previous calendar year.

A mathematical model for assessing the degree of achievement of the country's goal of existence has been developed. The model is based on taking into account the opinion of each resident about the degree of their satisfaction with the results of the past year.
Selbstoptimierende Reihenfolgebildung in der Fertigung/Intelligent order sequencing in manufacturing
Authors: Fohlmeister Silas , Denkena Berend , Dittrich André
Published: May 2021

Konventionelle Ansätze der Reihenfolgebildung basieren zumeist auf regelbasierten Heuristiken und erfordern bei Systemänderungen manuelle Anpassungen. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz zur dezentralen Reihenfolgebildung mittels „Deep Q-Learning“ vor. Durch die Berücksichtigung verschiedener Fertigungskennzahlen für die Bewertung wird die automatisierte Anpassung der Reihenfolgebildung an das Fertigungssystem und eine Verringerung der Durchlaufzeit erreicht.

 

Conventional approaches for order sequencing are usually put into practice by rule-based heuristics, requiring manual adjustments if changes to the production system occur. This article presents an approach for decentralized sequencing using deep q-learning. By considering different production key figures for evaluation, the sequencing can be adapted automatically to changes of the production system, thus achieving a reduction of the cycle time.
Echtzeitfähigkeit in der schiffbaulichen Fertigung/Real-time capability in shipbuilding – Purposeful digitization of production control and planning
Authors: Burggräf Peter , Adlon Tobias , Müller Katharina , Vierschilling Sebastian Patrick , Minderjahn Richard , Schäfer Niklas
Published: May 2021

Die Produktion maritimer Systeme stellt Werften aufgrund ihrer Dimensionen und der damit einhergehenden Produktkomplexität vor große Herausforderungen. Um den häufig auftretenden Störungen entgegenzutreten, wird im Forschungsprojekt „ProProS“ eine Methodik zur proaktiven Produktionssteuerung und -planung anhand tagesaktueller Echtzeitdaten entwickelt. In diesem Beitrag wird der Begriff der Echtzeitfähigkeit vorgestellt und dessen Bedeutung in der schiffbaulichen Fertigung untersucht.

 

The production of maritime systems poses great challenges for shipyards due to their dimensions and the associated product complexity. To counteract the frequently occurring disruptions, the ProProS research project is developing a methodology for proactive production control and planning, based on daily updated real-time data. This paper introduces the concept of real-time capability in the context of shipbuilding and examines its implications on production planning and control.
Datenhandhabung für die PPS in KMU/Data handling for production planning and control in SME
Authors: Grzona Pierre , Fischer Daniel , Riedel Ralph
Published: May 2021

Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Einblick in die Produktionsplanung und -steuerung (PPS) im Mittelstand zu geben und darzulegen, wie man dafür mittels eines kostengünstigen Retrofits eine geeignete Datenbasis schafft. Hierzu wurde gemeinsam mit einem mittelständischen Unternehmen ein Prozessablauf entwickelt und prototypisch umgesetzt, der für die Mitarbeiter den Aufwand zur manuellen Dateneingabe reduziert. Dabei wurden ebenso die Schnittstellen zu den im Unternehmen eingesetzten Systemen und deren Interaktion miteinander berücksichtigt.

 

This article aims to give an in-depth look into production planning and control in small and medium-sized enterprises and shows how an adequate data basis can be gathered using a cost-efficient retrofit solution. In collaboration with a medium-sized enterprise, a process flow was developed and implemented prototypically to reduce the need and effort for manually entered data and to interact with interfaces of existing digital systems.
Positionierung von Funktionseinheiten in der Fabrik/A digital tool for the assessment of all flow relations in structure planning – Positioning of functional units in the factory
Authors: Kaucher Christian , Gessert Stephan , Erlach Klaus
Published: May 2021

Die Positionierung von Funktionseinheiten in der Fabrik stellt eine wesentliche Aufgabe der Fabrikplanung dar. Die neu entwickelte „flussorientierte Positionierungsmethode“ erlaubt es, alle relevanten Flussbeziehungen zwischen den Funktionseinheiten zu berücksichtigen. In diesem Beitrag wird die Entwicklung eines digitalen Werkzeugs zur effizienten Anwendung dieser Methode vorgestellt. Dieses ermöglicht die Visualisierung von Strukturalternativen in der Fabrikplanung einschließlich eines schnellen quantitativen Vergleichs.

 

One of the main tasks of factory planning is the positioning of functional units in the factory. The now developed ‘flow-oriented positioning method’ considers all relevant flow relations between the functional entities. This article presents the development of a digital tool for an efficient application of this method. It allows the visualization of structural alternatives in factory planning including a rapid quantitative comparison.
Unexpected synthesis and structure of a cage-like aza[3,3,3]propllane carbene
Authors: Su Ziqi , Zhang Qi , Zhou Guangwei , Chen Qianzhu , Xue Yahan , Zhang Lizhu , Yan Qunsheng , Xu Juan , Li Quansong , Li Jiarong
Published: May 2021

A stable, propeller-like N-heterocyclic cage carbene with a protective umbrella was unexpectedly synthesized in the hydrogen proton transfer catalytic hydrogenolysis. Its structural and spectral characteristics are obviously different from those of conventional imidazolin-2-ylidenes. Two nitrogen atoms of aza[3,3,3] propllenan-2-ylidene ring are in a plane environment.
A aprendizagem de Gestão Empresarial nos cursos de Engenharia: relato de experiência avaliativa numa disciplina híbrida
Authors: Marcheti Ana Paula do Carmo , Melo Alexandra de Souza
Published: May 2021

Ensinar Gestão Estratégica nunca foi fácil ainda mais para áreas técnicas como Engenharias. Pensando na necessidade de formação integral do Engenheiro e da importância de conceitos como planejamento, organização, direção, controle, sustentabilidade, entre outros.  na atuação profissional, a UNAERP assumiu o compromisso de ofertar uma disciplina que não só tratasse desses assuntos, como os integrasse à área de Formação do engenheiro.  Com a necessidade de avaliação do aprendizado e o momento pandêmico que se vive, mecanismos foram inovados a fim de satisfazer ao objetivo da disciplina, do curso e de formação individual dos discentes. A metodologia escolhida para avaliar conhecimento e competência adquirida foi a observação reflexiva de filmes que procurou avaliar a capacidade de reconhecer os conteúdos da disciplina. A técnica utilizada comprovou não apenas ser efetiva como também, durante o período de avaliação, oportunizou uma autoavaliação e, consequentemente, a melhoria de aprendizagem de conceitos sobre gestão.
Palavras-chave: Gestão empresarial. Filmes. Avaliação formativa. Ensino de engenharia.
INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES INTO THE ENERGY PRODUCTION STRUCTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: SCENARIO SIMULATION
Authors: Зорина Татьяна Геннадьевна
Published: May 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы развития возобновляемой энергетики в Республике Беларусь. Построена формализованная модель энергетической системы Республики Беларусь, собрана база исходных данных для моделирования энергопроизводства электрической энергии на среднесрочный период в программе MESSAGE. Построены три сценария развития возобновляемой энергетики в Республики Беларусь, которые предусматривают разную долю возобновляемых источников в общей структуре энергопроизводста. Выполнены прогнозы производства электрической энергии в энергетической системе Республики Беларусь на период до 2030 г. согласно выбранным сценариям. Проведен сравнительный анализ результатов моделирования по следующим критериям: структура энергопроизводства, объемы и структура вводимых мощностей, производственная себестоимость электрической энергии.

The article deals with the development of renewable energy in the Republic of Belarus. A formalized model of the energy system of the Republic of Belarus has been built, a base of initial data has been collected for modeling energy production of electrical energy for a medium-term period in the MESSAGE program. Three scenarios for the development of renewable energy in the Republic of Belarus have been constructed, which provide for a different share of renewable sources in the overall structure of energy production. Forecasts of electricity production in the energy system of the Republic of Belarus for the period up to 2030 have been made according to the selected scenarios. A comparative analysis of the simulation results was carried out according to the following criteria: structure of energy production, volumes and structure of commissioned capacities, production cost of electric energy.
MEANS OF VISUAL MODELING AND CODE GENERATION FOR FUZZY RULES
Authors: Дородных Никита Олегович , Юрин Александр Юрьевич , Коршунов Сергей Андреевич , Сопп Дмитрий Юрьевич , Шпаченко Дмитрий Сергеевич
Published: May 2021

Логические и ассоциативные правила по-прежнему являются наиболее распространенным способом представления экспертных знаний и поддержки принятия решений, несмотря на популярность семантических технологий. Эффективное использование правил при принятии решений в случае неточной или неопределенной информации требует разработки специализированных лингвистических (языковых) и программных средств, как для их наглядного отображения, так и генерации программных кодов. В данной работе рассматривается FuzzyRVML, как расширение одного из языков визуального моделирования правил - Rule Visual Modeling Language, предназначенное для моделирования логических правил, содержащих элементы нечеткости. FuzzyRVML поддерживает нечеткий тип данных, понятия лингвистической переменной, терма и коэффициента уверенности. Представлены описания основных элементов и конструкций FuzzyRVML, а также иллюстративный пример, содержащий генерацию кода на FuzzyCLIPS. Программным средством поддержки предлагаемой нотации является Personal Knowledge Base Designer, на основе которого произведены ее оценка и реализация.

Logical and associative rules are still the most common way to represent expert knowledge and support of decision-making. The use of rules in the case of inaccurate or uncertain information requires the development of specialized linguistic (language) means and software, providing their visualization and generation of source codes. In this paper, we propose a FuzzyRVML - an extension of a Rule Visual Modeling Language, designed for modeling logical rules containing elements of fuzziness. FuzzyRVML supports the fuzzy data type, the concepts of linguistic variable, term, and certainty factor. Descriptions of the main elements and constructs of FuzzyRVML are presented, as well as an illustrative example containing code generation in FuzzyCLIPS. Personal Knowledge Base Designer was used to support the notation proposed, as well for its implementation and evaluation.
Hemşirelerin Yenilikçilik Algısının Bireyselleştirilmiş Hemşirelik Bakımına Etkisi
Authors: DEMİREL Nehir , TURAN Nuray
Published: May 2021

Çağımızda sağlık bakımındaki gelişmeler, bireyselleştirilmiş bakımda, hemşireleri yenilikçilik kavramı ile karşılaştırmıştır. Yenilikleri benimsemiş hemşireler, bireyselleştirilmiş bakım verirken, benimsedikleri ve uygunluğunu teyit ettikleri bakıma özgü yenilikleri kullanma eğilimlidirler. Bireyselleştirilmiş bakım, birey ile hemşirenin etkileşimi sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Hemşirenin, bireyselleştirilmiş bakımı kolaylaştıran uygulama ve teknolojik araçlara, bakım ürünlerine karşı ön yargılı olmaması, yenilikçilik algısının sağlıklı/hasta bireyin bireyselliği için gereken önemi vermesi adına oldukça elzemdir. Bireyselleştirilmiş bakım ve yenilikçilik, sağlıklı/hasta bireyin yaşam kalitesini ve memnuniyetini arttırmaya odaklanmaktadır. Bu makalede yenilikçi düşünebilen ve bireyselleştirilmiş bakım algısına sahip hemşirelerin insanı biricik ve yegâne olarak kabul ederek gelişen sağlık bakımında karşılaştıkları sorunlara yenilikçi çözümler aramaları ve bulmaları, aynı zamanda bu konuda lider olup yeniliği başlatmaları ve bakıma uygun hale getirmeleri gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
The Greatest Hits van de cultuursociologie (maar vergeet de A- en B-kantjes niet)
Authors: Schaap Julian , Daenekindt Stijn
Published: May 2021

Boekbespreking van: Mohr et al. (2020) Measuring Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Dynamics of Crude Oil Price Change and Global Food Commodity Prices
Authors: Onour Ibrahim
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study investigates the effect of crude oil price fluctuations (price change as well as volatility) on wheat, sugar, corn, and fertilizers price changes.

Methods:  The study employs Markov switching dynamic regression, Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC), and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Hetrosekadicity (GARCH) on monthly data covering the period from January 1988 to April 2018.

Results: The findings of the research support evidence of two states. State 1, pertains to the low volatility of crude oil price, and state 2 belong to the case of the high volatility of crude oil prices. Our results indicated that at state 1, an increase in crude oil prices leads to a decline in food commodity prices, while in state 2, an increase in crude oil price levels causes an increase in food commodity prices. Results of Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC) GARCH estimates indicate the coefficients of oil price levels are significant and positively associated with the conditional volatility of the four commodity prices.

Implications: The findings of the research imply that volatility in global food commodity prices is not due to oil price volatility but due to the oil price levels attained at extreme points.

Originality: The paper investigates the impact of different volatility levels of crude oil prices on global food commodity prices.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHANNELS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: DIRECTIONS FOR THE ASIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Cheng Weichao , Adejumo Oluwabunmi O.
Published: May 2021

Entrepreneurship has been identified as a catalyst for creating opportunities and enhancing productivity. The Asian economy is one of the fastest growing economies and entrepreneurially inclined continents of the world, owing to the phenomenal strides of China’s economic activities. Despite these, the region is still characterized as developing in terms equality, real income growth and welfare distributions. Thus, one wonders the extent the entrepreneurial strides impact on the continent; and, to what extent are the socio-economic structures of the Asian economy relevant for achieving sustainable entrepreneurship development. Thus, by employing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), this study assesses the extent to which the current wave of entrepreneurship outcomes can actualize the Global Development Goals slated for 2030. The findings show that improvement in life expectancy and decrease in inequality influenced entrepreneurial outcomes via the basic requirement channel; while higher education which is an efficiency enhancing channel stimulates income than innovations; thus, indicating the need for continuous investments for nascent training; while investments in research and development is an institutional channel that promotes entrepreneurial outcomes. Thus, if the global goals will be actualized, policy makers should strengthen infrastructures and create enabling environments that will improve entrepreneurial outcomes within Asian economies.
Thermodynamical Description of Hot, Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars, Protoneutron Stars, and Neutron Star Merger Remnants
Authors: Koliogiannis P. S. , Moustakidis Ch. C.
Published: May 2021

The prediction of the equation of state of hot, dense nuclear matter is one of the most complicated and interesting problems in nuclear astrophysics. At the same time, knowledge of it is the basic ingredient for some of the most interesting studies. In the present work, we concentrate our study on the construction of the equation of state of hot, dense nuclear matter, related mainly to the interior of the neutron star. We employ a theoretical nuclear model, which includes momentum-dependent interaction among the nucleons, along with state-of-the-art microscopic calculations. Thermal effects are introduced in a self-consistent way, and a set of isothermal and isentropic equations of state are predicted. The predicted equations of state are used in order to acquire and extend the knowledge of the thermal effect on both nonrotating and rapidly rotating with the Kepler frequency neutron stars. The simultaneous study of thermal and rotation effects provides useful information on some of the most important quantities, including the mass (gravitational and baryon) and radius, the Kepler frequency and Kerr parameter, the moment of inertia, etc. These quantities are directly related to studies of protoneutron stars and mainly the hot and rapidly rotating remnant of a binary neutron star merger. Data from the late observations of binary neutron star mergers and the present study may offer useful tools for investigation and help in providing possible constraints on the equation of state of nuclear matter.
Simultaneous Deep Measurements of CO Isotopologues and Dust Emission in Giant Molecular Clouds in the Andromeda Galaxy
Authors: Viaene Sébastien , Forbrich Jan , Lada Charles J. , Petitpas Glen , Faesi Christopher
Published: May 2021

We present simultaneous measurements of emission from dust continuum at 230 GHz and the J = 2–1 12CO, 13CO, and C18O isotopologues at ∼15 pc resolution from individual giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the Andromeda galaxy (M31). These observations were obtained in an ongoing survey of this galaxy being conducted with the Submillimeter Array. Initial results describing the continuum and 12CO emission have been published earlier. Here, we primarily analyze the observations of 13CO and C18O emission and compare them to the measurements of dust continuum and 12CO emission. We also report additional dust continuum and CO measurements from newly added GMCs to the M31 sample. We detect spatially resolved 13CO emission with high signal-to-noise ratios in 31 objects. We find the extent of the 13CO emission to be nearly comparable to that of 12CO, typically covering 75% of the area of the 12CO emission. We derive 13CO and C18O abundances of 2.9 × 10−6 and 4.4 × 10−7 relative to H2, respectively, by comparison with hydrogen column densities of the same regions derived from the dust continuum observations assuming a Milky Way gas-to-dust ratio. We find the isotopic abundance ratio [13CO]/[C18O] = 6.7 ± 2.9 to be consistent with the Milky Way value (8.1). Finally, we derive the mass-to-light conversion factors for all three CO species to be α
12 = 8.7 ± 3.9, α
13 = 48.9 ± 20.4, and

M
⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1 for the J = 2–1 transitions of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O, respectively.
The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the HUDF: A Search for [C ii] Emitters at 6 ≤ z ≤ 8
Authors: Uzgil Bade D. , Oesch Pascal A. , Walter Fabian , Aravena Manuel , Boogaard Leindert , Carilli Chris , Decarli Roberto , Díaz-Santos Tanio , Fudamoto Yoshi , Inami Hanae , Bouwens Rychard , Cortes Paulo C. , Cox Pierre , Daddi Emmanuele , González-López Jorge , Labbe Ivo , Popping Gergö , Riechers Dominik , Stefanon Mauro , Van der Werf Paul , Weiss Axel
Published: May 2021

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (ASPECS) Band 6 scan (212–272 GHz) covers potential [C ii] emission in galaxies at 6 ≤ z ≤ 8 throughout a 2.9 arcmin2 area. By selecting on known Lyα emitters (LAEs) and photometric dropout galaxies in the field, we perform targeted searches down to a 5σ [C ii] luminosity depth L
[C II] ∼ 2.0 × 108
L
⊙, corresponding roughly to star formation rates (SFRs) of 10–20 M
⊙ yr−1 when applying a locally calibrated conversion for star-forming galaxies, yielding zero detections. While the majority of galaxies in this sample are characterized by lower SFRs, the resulting upper limits on [C ii] luminosity in these sources are consistent with the current literature sample of targeted ALMA observations of z = 6–7 LAEs and Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs), as well as the locally calibrated relations between L
[C ii] and SFR—with the exception of a single [C ii]-deficient, UV-luminous LBG. We also perform a blind search for [C ii]-bright galaxies that may have been missed by optical selections, resulting in an upper limit on the cumulative number density of [C ii] sources with L
[C II] > 2.0 × 108
L
⊙ (5σ) to be less than 1.8 × 10−4 Mpc−3 (90% confidence level). At this luminosity depth and volume coverage, we present an observed evolution of the [C ii] luminosity function from z = 6–8 to z ∼ 0 by comparing the ASPECS measurement to literature results at lower redshift.
ALMA Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in M33. III. Spatially Resolved Features of the Star formation Inactive Million-solar-mass Cloud
Authors: Kondo Hiroshi , Tokuda Kazuki , Muraoka Kazuyuki , Nishimura Atsushi , Fujita Shinji , Tosaki Tomoka , Zahorecz Sarolta , Miura Rie E. , Kobayashi Masato I. N. , Onodera Sachiko , Torii Kazufumi , Kuno Nario , Sano Hidetoshi , Onishi Toshikazu , Saigo Kazuya , Fukui Yasuo , Kawamura Akiko , Tsuge Kisetsu , Tachihara Kengo
Published: May 2021

We present 12CO (J = 2–1), 13CO (J = 2–1), and C18O (J = 2–1) observations toward GMC-8, one of the most massive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in M33 using ALMA with an angular resolution of 0.″44 × 0.″27 (∼2 pc × 1 pc). The earlier studies revealed that its high-mass star formation is inactive in spite of a sufficient molecular reservoir with a total mass of ∼106
M
⊙. The high-angular resolution data enable us to resolve this peculiar source down to a molecular clump scale. One of the GMC’s remarkable features is that a round-shaped gas structure (the “Main cloud”) extends over the ∼50 pc scale, which is quite different from the other two active star-forming GMCs dominated by remarkable filaments/shells obtained by our series of studies in M33. The fraction of the relatively dense gas traced by the 13CO data with respect to the total molecular mass is only ∼2%, suggesting that their spatial structure and the density are not well developed to reach an active star formation. The CO velocity analysis shows that the GMC is composed of a single component as a whole, but we found some local velocity fluctuations in the Main cloud and extra blueshifted components at the outer regions. Comparing the CO with previously published large-scale H i data, we suggest that an external atomic gas flow supplied a sufficient amount of material to grow the GMC up to ∼106
M
⊙.
MESA Models with Magnetic Braking
Authors: Gossage Seth , Dotter Aaron , Garraffo Cecilia , Drake Jeremy J. , Douglas Stephanie , Conroy Charlie
Published: May 2021

Two magnetic braking models are implemented in MESA for use in the MIST stellar model grids. Stars less than about 1.3 solar masses are observed to spin down over time through interaction with their magnetized stellar winds (i.e., magnetic braking). This is the basis for gyrochronology and is fundamental to the evolution of lower-mass stars. The detailed physics behind magnetic braking are uncertain, as are 1D stellar evolution models. Thus, we calibrate our models and compare to data from open clusters. Each braking model tested here is capable of reproducing aspects of the data, with important distinctions; neither fully accounts for the observations. The Matt et al. prescription matches the slowly rotating stars observed in open clusters but tends to overestimate the presence of rapidly rotating stars. The Garraffo et al. prescription often produces too much angular momentum loss to accurately match the observed slow sequence for lower-mass stars but reproduces the bimodal nature of slowly and rapidly rotating stars observed in open clusters fairly well. Our models additionally do not reproduce the observed solar lithium depletion, corroborating previous findings that effects other than rotation may be important. We find additional evidence that some level of mass dependency may be missing in these braking models to match the rotation periods observed in clusters older than 1 Gyr better.
Near-IR Observations of the Young Star [BHB2007]-1: A Substellar Companion Opening the Gap in the Disk
Authors: Zurlo Alice , Garufi Antonio , Pérez Sebastián , Alves Felipe O. , Girart Josep M. , Zhu Zhaohuan , Franco Gabriel A. P. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore
Published: May 2021

The presence of planets or substellar objects still embedded in their native protoplanetary disks is indirectly suggested by disk substructures like gaps, cavities, and spirals. However, these companions are rarely detected. We present Very Large Telescope/NACO high-contrast images in the J, H, K

S
, and

bands of the young star [BHB2007]-1 probing the inclined disk in scattered light and revealing the probable presence of a companion. The point source is detected in the

band in spatial correspondence with complementary Very Large Array observations. This object is constrained to have a mass in the range of 37–47 M
Jup and is located at 50 au from the central star, inside the 70 au-large disk cavity recently imaged by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), that is absent from our NACO data (down to 20 au). This mass range is compatible with the upper end derived from the size of the ALMA cavity. The NIR disk brightness is highly asymmetric around the minor axis, with the southern side 5.5 times brighter than the northern side. The constant amount of asymmetry across all wavelengths suggests that it is due to a shadow cast by a misaligned inner disk. The massive companion that we detect could, in principle, explain the possible disk misalignment, as well as the different cavity sizes inferred by the NACO and ALMA observations. The confirmation and characterization of the companion is entrusted to future observations.
Cosmic Evolution of the H2 Mass Density and the Epoch of Molecular Gas
Authors: Garratt T. K. , Coppin K. E. K. , Geach J. E. , Almaini O. , Hartley W. G. , Maltby D. T. , Simpson C. J. , Wilkinson A. , Conselice C. J. , Franco M. , Ivison R. J. , Koprowski M. P. , Lovell C. C. , Pope A. , Scott D. , van der Werf P.
Published: May 2021

We present new empirical constraints on the evolution of

, the cosmological mass density of molecular hydrogen, back to z ≈ 2.5. We employ a statistical approach measuring the average observed 850 μm flux density of near-infrared selected galaxies as a function of redshift. The redshift range considered corresponds to a span where the 850 μm band probes the Rayleigh–Jeans tail of thermal dust emission in the rest frame, and can therefore be used as an estimate of the mass of the interstellar medium. Our sample comprises of ≈150,000 galaxies in the UK InfraRed Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey Ultra-Deep Survey field with near-infrared magnitudes K
AB ≤ 25 mag and photometric redshifts with corresponding probability distribution functions derived from deep 12-band photometry. With a sample approximately 2 orders of magnitude larger than in previous works we significantly reduce statistical uncertainties on

to z ≈ 2.5. Our measurements are in broad agreement with recent direct estimates from blank field molecular gas surveys, finding that the epoch of molecular gas coincides with the peak epoch of star formation with

at z ≈ 2. We demonstrate that

can be broadly modeled by inverting the star formation rate (SFR) density with a fixed or weakly evolving star formation efficiency. This “constant efficiency” model shows a similar evolution to our statistically derived

, indicating that the dominant factor driving the peak star formation history at z ≈ 2 is a larger supply of molecular gas in galaxies rather than a significant evolution of the SFR efficiency within individual galaxies.
Implications of the Environments of Radio-detected Active Galactic Nuclei in a Complex Protostructure at z ∼ 3.3
Authors: Shen Lu , Lemaux Brian C. , Lubin Lori M. , Cucciati Olga , Le Fèvre Olivier , Liu Guilin , Fang Wenjuan , Pelliccia Debora , Tomczak Adam , McKean John , Miller Neal A. , Fassnacht Christopher D. , Gal Roy , Hung Denise , Hathi Nimish , Bardelli Sandro , Vergani Daniela , Zucca Elena
Published: May 2021

Radio active galactic nuclei (RAGNs) are mainly found in dense structures (i.e., clusters/groups) at redshifts of z < 2 and are commonly used to detect protoclusters at higher redshift. Here, we attempt to study the host and environmental properties of two relatively faint (L
1.4 GHz ∼ 1025 W Hz−1) RAGNs in a known protocluster at z = 3.3 in the PCl J0227-0421 field, detected using the latest radio observation obtained as part of the Observations of Redshift Evolution in Large-Scale Environments (ORELSE) survey. Using new spectroscopic observations obtained from the Keck/Multi-Object Spectrometer for Infra-Red Exploration as part of the Charting Cluster Construction with the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS) and ORELSE (C3VO) survey and previous spectroscopic data obtained as part of the VIMOS-Very Large Telescope Deep Survey and VUDS, we revise the three-dimensional overdensity field around this protocluster. The protocluster is embedded in a large-scale overdensity protostructure. This protostructure has an estimated total mass of ∼2.6 × 1015
M
⊙ and contains several overdensity peaks. Both RAGNs are hosted by very bright and massive galaxies, while their hosts show extreme differences in color, indicating that they are of different ages and are in different evolutionary stages. Furthermore, we find that they are not in the most locally dense parts of the protostructure, but are fairly close to the centers of their parent overdensity peaks. We propose a scenario where merging might have already happened in both cases, which lowered the local density of their surrounding area and boosted their stellar mass. This work is the first time that two RAGNs at low luminosity have been found and studied within a high-redshift protostructure.