bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Recurring Bottlenecks on Urban Expressway Using a Fusion Method Based on Loop Detector Data
Authors: Tang Li , Wang Yifeng , Zhang Xuejun
Published: August 2019

The accurate identification of recurrent bottlenecks has been an important assumption of many studies on traffic congestion analysis and management. As one of the most widely used traffic detection devices, loop detectors can provide reliable multidimensional data for traffic bottleneck identification. Although great efforts have been put on developing bottleneck identification methods based on loop detector data, the existing studies are less informative with respect to providing accurate position of the bottlenecks and discussing the algorithm efficiency when facing with large amount of real‐time data. This paper aims at improving the quality of bottleneck identification as well as avoiding excessive data processing burden. A fusion method of loop detector data with different collection cycles is proposed. It firstly determines the occurrence and the approximate locations of bottlenecks using large cycle data considering its high accuracy in determining bottlenecks occurrence. Then, the small cycle data are used to determine the accurate location and the duration time of the bottlenecks. A case study is introduced to verify the proposed method. A large set of 30 s raw loop detector data from a selected urban expressway segment in California is used. Also, the identification result is compared with the classical transformed cumulative curves method. The results show that the fusion method is valid with bottleneck identification and location positioning. We finally conclude by discussing some future improvements and potential applications.
In‐Plane Instability of Fixed Arches under Linear Temperature Gradient Field and Uniformly Distributed Radial Load
Authors: Song Xiaochun , Lu Hanwen , Liu Airong , Huang Yonghui
Published: August 2019

This paper focuses on an in‐plane instability analysis of fixed arches under a linear temperature gradient field and a uniformly distributed radial load, which has not been reported in the literature. Combining a linear temperature gradient field and uniformly distributed radial load leads to the changes in axial expansion and curvature of arches, producing the complex in‐plane nonuniform bending moment and axial force. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the in‐plane thermoelastic mechanism behavior of fixed arches under a linear temperature gradient field and a uniformly distributed radial load in the in‐plane instability analysis. Based on the energy method and the exact solutions of internal force before instability, the analytical solutions of the critical uniformly distributed radial load considering the linear temperature gradient field associated with in‐plane thermoelastic instability of arches are derived. Comparisons show that agreements of analytical solutions against FE (finite element) results are excellent. Influences of various factors on in‐plane instability are also studied. It is found that the change of the linear temperature gradient field has significant influences on the in‐plane instability load. The in‐plane instability load decreases as the temperature differential of the linear temperature gradient field increases.
Geodesic Distance on Gaussian Manifolds to Reduce the Statistical Errors in the Investigation of Complex Systems
Authors: Lungaroni Michele , Murari Andrea , Peluso Emmanuele , Gaudio Pasqualino , Gelfusa Michela
Published: August 2019

In the last years the reputation of medical, economic, and scientific expertise has been strongly damaged by a series of false predictions and contradictory studies. The lax application of statistical principles has certainly contributed to the uncertainty and loss of confidence in the sciences. Various assumptions, generally held as valid in statistical treatments, have proved their limits. In particular, since some time it has emerged quite clearly that even slightly departures from normality and homoscedasticity can affect significantly classic significance tests. Robust statistical methods have been developed, which can provide much more reliable estimates. On the other hand, they do not address an additional problem typical of the natural sciences, whose data are often the output of delicate measurements. The data can therefore not only be sampled from a nonnormal pdf but also be affected by significant levels of Gaussian additive noise of various amplitude. To tackle this additional source of uncertainty, in this paper it is shown how already developed robust statistical tools can be usefully complemented with the Geodesic Distance on Gaussian Manifolds. This metric is conceptually more appropriate and practically more effective, in handling noise of Gaussian distribution, than the traditional Euclidean distance. The results of a series of systematic numerical tests show the advantages of the proposed approach in all the main aspects of statistical inference, from measures of location and scale to size effects and hypothesis testing. Particularly relevant is the reduction even of 35% in Type II errors, proving the important improvement in power obtained by applying the methods proposed in the paper. It is worth emphasizing that the proposed approach provides a general framework, in which also noise of different statistical distributions can be dealt with.
Improved Bat Algorithm Based on Multipopulation Strategy of Island Model for Solving Global Function Optimization Problem
Authors: Guo Sha-Sha , Wang Jie-Sheng , Ma Xiao-Xu
Published: August 2019

The bat algorithm (BA) is a heuristic algorithm that globally optimizes by simulating the bat echolocation behavior. In order to improve the search performance and further improve the convergence speed and optimization precision of the bat algorithm, an improved algorithm based on chaotic map is introduced, and the improved bat algorithm of Levy flight search strategy and contraction factor is proposed. The optimal chaotic map operator is selected based on the simulation experiments results. Then, a multipopulation parallel bat algorithm based on the island model is proposed. Finally, the typical test functions are used to carry out the simulation experiments. The simulation results show that the proposed improved algorithm can effectively improve the convergence speed and optimization accuracy.
Structural Basis for the Selective Inhibition of Cdc2-Like Kinases by CX-4945
Authors: Lee Joo Youn , Yun Ji-Sook , Kim Woo-Keun , Chun Hang-Suk , Jin Hyeonseok , Cho Sungchan , Chang Jeong Ho
Published: August 2019

Cdc2-like kinases (CLKs) play a crucial role in the alternative splicing of eukaryotic pre-mRNAs through the phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich proteins (SR proteins). Dysregulation of this processes is linked with various diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and many genetic diseases. Thus, CLKs have been regarded to have a potential as a therapeutic target and significant efforts have been exerted to discover an effective inhibitor. In particular, the small molecule CX-4945, originally identified as an inhibitor of casein kinase 2 (CK2), was further revealed to have a strong CLK-inhibitory activity. Four isoforms of CLKs (CLK1, CLK2, CLK3, and CLK4) can be inhibited by CX-4945, with the highest inhibitory effect on CLK2. This study aimed to elucidate the structural basis of the selective inhibitory effect of CX-4945 on different isoforms of CLKs. We determined the crystal structures of CLK1, CLK2, and CLK3 in complex with CX-4945 at resolutions of 2.4 Å, 2.8 Å, and 2.6 Å, respectively. Comparative analysis revealed that CX-4945 was bound in the same active site pocket of the CLKs with similar interacting networks. Intriguingly, the active sites of CLK/CX-4945 complex structures had different sizes and electrostatic surface charge distributions. The active site of CLK1 was somewhat narrow and contained a negatively charged patch. CLK3 had a protruded Lys248 residue in the entrance of the active site pocket. In addition, Ala319, equivalent to Val324 (CLK1) and Val326 (CLK2), contributed to the weak hydrophobic interactions with the benzonaphthyridine ring of CX-4945. In contrast, the charge distribution pattern of CLK2 was the weakest, favoring its interactions with benzonaphthyridine ring. Thus, the relatively strong binding affinities of CX-4945 with CLK2 are consistent with its strong inhibitory effect defined in the previous study. These results may provide insights into structure-based drug discovery processes.
Changes in Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality of Dried Persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Stored at Various Temperatures
Authors: Hyun Jeong-Eun , Kim Ji-Yeon , Kim Eun-Mi , Kim Jong-Chan , Lee Sun-Young
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the microbiological, physicochemical, and visual quality of dried persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb. cv. Cheongdo-Bansi) during storage at various temperatures in order to determine the shelf-life. Two commercial dried persimmon samples were evaluated for changes in weight, moisture content, color, texture (hardness and gumminess), and microbial populations during storage at different temperatures (−20, 5, 12, and 25°C) for 70 days. Overall, dried persimmon-2 showed lower levels of total mesophilic bacteria, Escherichia coli, coliforms, yeasts, and molds than dried persimmon-1. Among the physicochemical qualities, significant differences were observed in color parameters such as L∗, a∗, and b∗ of the dried persimmons. However, no significant differences in weight, moisture content, and texture were observed in dried persimmons during storage for 70 days. Thus, changes in visual appearance and color index such as chroma value and browning index can be used as indicators for determining the shelf-life of dried persimmons.
Effects of Qingluo Tongbi Decoction on Gut Flora of Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis and the Underlying Mechanism
Authors: Huang Yan , Li Meifeng , Zhou Lingling , Xu Deguo , Qian Feiya , Zhang Junfeng , Zhou Xueping
Published: August 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Recent studies show that gut flora plays an important role in regulating the systemic immune response, and gut dysbacteria are linked with systemic chronic inflammation in the development of RA. Our previous results found that Qingluo Tongbi decoction (QLT) can treat RA effectively. The present study explored the effect of QLT on gut flora in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rat model. Thirty rats were divided randomly into three groups: a control group, a model group, and a treatment group (n = 10 per group). The rats in the model group were injected with complete Freund’s adjuvant (FCA), while the treatment group received FCA combined with QLT treatment. After 27 days, the gut flora was profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The levels of cadherin-11, IL-17α, TLR2, and TLR4 proteins in the synovial tissues were detected by western blotting (WB). The results showed that QLT treatment significantly inhibited raw swelling during the 15–27 d period compared with the model group. QLT treatment reversed the ten altered bacterial genera in the model group, and three families (Lachnospiraceae, Eubacteriaceae, and Leuconostocaceae) were closely related to QLT treatment based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Functional prediction showed seven types of predicted functions were related to the QLT treatment, and WB results showed that QLT treatment reversed the increased expression levels of cadherin-11, IL-17α, TLR2, and TLR4 in synovial tissues significantly. The expression levels of cadherin-11, IL-17α, and TLR2 correlated negatively with the abundance of Staphylococcus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas. Therefore, RA development was related to gut dysbiosis, and QLT effectively ameliorated RA with decreased inflammatory responses regulated by the gut flora.
MEFV Gene Variant Alleles in Normal Population of Northwest of Iran, Which Is Near to Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Salehzadeh Farhad , Sharghi Afshan , Motayayagheni Atena , Hosseini Asl Saied , Mottaghi Mahsa , Sarkhanloo Sepehr
Published: August 2019

Background and Objective. MEFV gene codes the pyrine protein that has major role in FMF as an autoinflammatory disorder. FMF is more often seen in the people of the Mediterranean area. Considering the significant role of MEFV gene in many rheumatologic diseases and even nonrheumatologic disorders, it is necessary to identify different variations of these mutations in the healthy and normal population of this area. Methods. 224 healthy (unaffected or control) people based on the Cochran formula entered this study. The blood samples were screened for the 12 common MEFV gene variants polymorphisms according to manufacturer’s instructions (FMF Strip Assay, Vienna lab, Vienna, Austria). They filled a questionnaire containing required information. All healthy control cases initially were evaluated for FMF symptoms and signs in themselves and their first-degree relatives based on clinical criteria. All data were analyzed by simple statistical method. Results. Among 224 healthy control cases, 113 (50.4%) were male and 111 (49.6%) female. There were MEFV variants alleles in 57 patients (25%): 28 were male (49.1%) and 29 female (50.9%). The most frequent variants were E148Q (18.3%), followed by P369S (3.1%), V726A (2.2%), A744S (1.3%), and F479L, M694V, and R761H (0.8%), and eventually K695R (0.4%), respectively. Some variants such as M694I, M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), and I692del were not seen in these samples. There were compound heterozygote variations of E148Q/P369S, E148Q/V726A, E148Q/P369S, and P369S/F479L in normal population without any findings in favor of FMF. Conclusion. Twenty-five percent of the normal populations of the northwest of Iran are carrying MEFV gene variants, and the most common mutation is E148Q (18.3%). The presence of M694I, M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), I692del mutations in the normal population can be interpreted cautiously, while particular compound heterozygote mutations can be considered as normal variants.
Music and Metronomes Differentially Impact Motor Timing in People with and without Parkinson’s Disease: Effects of Slow, Medium, and Fast Tempi on Entrainment and Synchronization Performances in Finger Tapping, Toe Tapping, and Stepping on the Spot Tasks
Authors: Rose Dawn , Delevoye-Turrell Yvonne , Ott Laurent , Annett Lucy E. , Lovatt Peter J.
Published: August 2019

Introduction. Rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) has successfully helped regulate gait for people with Parkinson’s disease. However, the way in which different auditory cues and types of movements affect entrainment, synchronization, and pacing stability has not been directly compared in different aged people with and without Parkinson’s. Therefore, this study compared music and metronomes (cue types) in finger tapping, toe tapping, and stepping on the spot tasks to explore the potential of RAS training for general use. Methods. Participants (aged 18–78 years) included people with Parkinson’s (n = 30, Hoehn and Yahr mean = 1.78), older (n = 26), and younger adult controls (n = 36), as age may effect motor timing. Timed motor production was assessed using an extended synchronization-continuation task in cue type and movement conditions for slow, medium, and fast tempi (81, 116, and 140 mean beats per minute, respectively). Results. Analyses revealed main effects of cue and movement type but no between-group interactions, suggesting no differences in motor timing between people with Parkinson’s and controls. Music supported entrainment better than metronomes in medium and fast tempi, and stepping on the spot enabled better entrainment and less asynchrony, as well as more stable pacing compared to tapping in medium and fast tempi. Age was not confirmed as a factor, and no differences were observed in slow tempo. Conclusion. This is the first study to directly compare how different external auditory cues and movement types affect motor timing. The music and the stepping enabled participants to maintain entrainment once the external pacing cue ceased, suggesting endogenous mechanisms continued to regulate the movements. The superior performance of stepping on the spot suggests embodied entrainment can occur during continuous movement, and this may be related to emergent timing in tempi above 600 ms. These findings can be applied therapeutically to manage and improve adaptive behaviours for people with Parkinson’s.
Dynamics on Hybrid Complex Network: Botnet Modeling and Analysis of Medical IoT
Authors: Yin Mingyong , Chen Xingshu , Wang Qixu , Wang Wei , Wang Yulong
Published: August 2019

With the rapid development of Internet of things technology, the application of intelligent devices in the medical industry has become ubiquitous. Connected devices have revolutionized clinicians and patient care but also made modern hospitals vulnerable to cyber attacks. Among the security risks, botnets are of particular concern, which can be used to control thousands of devices for remote data theft and equipment destruction. In this paper, we propose a non-Markovian spread dynamics model to understand the effects of botnet propagation, which can characterize the hybrid contagion situation in reality. Based on the Susceptible-Adopted-Recovered model, we introduce nonredundant memory spread mechanism for global propagation, as a tuner to adjust spreading rate difference. For describing the proposed model, we extend a heterogeneous edge-based compartmental theory. Through extensive numerical simulations, we reveal that the growth pattern of the final adoption size versus the information transmission probability is discontinuous and how the final adoption size is affected by hybrid ratio α, global scope control factor ϵ, accumulated received information threshold T, and other parameters on ER network. Furthermore, we give the theory and simulation result on BA network and also compare the two hybrid methods—single infection in one time slice and double infections in one time slice—to evaluate the influence on final adoption size. We found in SIOT hybrid contagion scenario the final adoption size shows the phenomenon of a decline followed by an increase versus different hybrid ratio, and it is both verified in theory and numerical simulation. Through validation by thousands of experiments, our developed theory agrees well with the numerical simulations.
Study on the Change Characteristics of and Population Exposure to Heatwave Events on the North China Plain
Authors: Zhan Long-Fei , Wang Yanjun , Sun Hemin , Zhai Jianqing , Zhan Mingjin
Published: August 2019

In accordance with the China Meteorological Administration definition, this study considered a weather process with a maximum surface temperature of ≥35°C for more than three consecutive days as a heatwave event. Based on a dataset of daily maximum temperatures from meteorological stations on the North China Plain, including ordinary and national basic/reference surface stations, the intensity-area-duration method was used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of heatwave events on the North China Plain (1961–2017). Moreover, based on demographic data from the Statistical Yearbook and Greenhouse Gas Initiative (GGI) Population Scenario Database of the Austrian Institute for International Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), population exposure to heatwave events was also studied. The results showed that the frequency, intensity, and area of impact of heatwave events on the North China Plain initially decreased (becoming weaker and less extensive) and then increased (becoming stronger and more extensive). Similarly, the trend of population exposure to heatwave events initially decreased and then increased, and the central position of exposure initially moved southward and then returned northward. Population exposure in the eastern Taihang Mountains was found significantly higher than in the western Taihang Mountains. In relation to the change of population exposure to heatwave events on the North China Plain, the influence of climatic factors was found dominant with an absolute contribution rate of >75%. Except for 2011–2017, increase in population also increased the exposure to heatwaves, particularly in the first half of the study period. Interaction between climatic and population factors generally had less impact on population exposure than either climatic factors or population factors alone. This study demonstrated a method for assessing the impact of heatwave events on population exposure, which could form a scientific basis for the development of government policy regarding adaption to climate change.
Plasma Levels of Free Fatty Acids in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Its Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Villafan-Bernal Jose Rafael , Acevedo-Alba Mariana , Reyes-Pavon Rodrigo , Diaz-Parra Guillermo Andres , Lip-Sosa Diana Lucia , Vazquez-Delfin Hilda Imelda , Hernandez-Muñoz Martha , Bravo-Aguirre Daniel Ely , Figueras Francesc , Martinez-Portilla Raigam Jafet
Published: August 2019

Background. Free fatty acids, also known as nonesterified fatty acids, are proinflammatory molecules that induce insulin resistance in nonpregnant individuals. Nevertheless, the concentration of these molecules has not been systematically addressed in pregnant women. Objective. This meta-analysis is aimed at evaluating the difference in free fatty acid plasma levels between women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant controls and their intrinsic and extrinsic determinants. Methods. We performed a systematic search to find relevant studies published in English and Spanish using PubMed, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Knowledge. We included observational studies measuring the mean plasma levels of free fatty acids among gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant women, with at least ten subjects being analyzed in each group. The standardized mean difference (SMD) by random effects modeling was used. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q, H, and I2 statistics. Results. Among the 290 identified studies, twelve were selected for analysis. A total of 2426 women were included, from which 21% were diagnosed as having gestational diabetes. There were significantly higher levels of free fatty acids among women with gestational diabetes (SMD: 0.86; 0.54-1.18; p<0.001) when compared to healthy pregnant controls and between-study heterogeneity (I2=91%). The metaregression analysis showed that the gestational age at inclusion was the only cofactor influencing the mean levels of free fatty acids, indicating a trend towards lower plasma levels of free fatty acids later in gestation (estimate: -0.074; -0.143 to -0.004; p=0.036). No significant publication bias was found nor a trend towards greater results in small studies. Conclusions. Women with gestational diabetes have higher levels of free fatty acids when compared to healthy pregnant controls. More investigation is needed to assess the potential role of free fatty acids in the prediction of gestational diabetes earlier in pregnancy.
Crosswise Wind Shear Represented as a Ramped Velocity Profile Impacting a Forward-Moving Aircraft
Authors: Khalid Mahmood
Published: August 2019

Abrupt changes in wind velocities over small distances in a lateral or vertical direction can produce wind shear which is known to have serious effects upon the performance of an aircraft. Brought about by large-scale changes in the atmospheric conditions, it is a three-dimensional flow phenomenon imposing severe velocity gradients on an aircraft from all possible directions. While it would be difficult to model an instantaneous velocity gradient in a lateral plane, a vortical flow impinging from the sides which represents a wind shear in a vertical direction is imposed on a forward-moving aircraft to investigate the effect on the aerodynamic performance. The maximum shear wind speed from the side was fixed at 0.3 times the forward velocity. After due validations under no-wind shear conditions on simpler half-reflection plane models, a BGK airfoil-based full 3D wing and the ONERA M6 3D wing model were selected for preliminary studies. The investigation was concluded using the ARA M100 wing-fuselage model.
Surface Shape Detection with a Single Far-Field Intensity by Combined Amplitude and Phase Retrieval
Authors: Jin Huiliang , Huang Jianhui , Ye Qian , Meng Guoxiang , Xiang Binbin , Wang Na
Published: August 2019

The efficiency of a reflector antenna highly depends on its surface shape. In order to ensure a good convergence, the conventional phase retrieval based shape detection schemes require that several far-field intensities be scanned, focused, or defocused. For large reflector antennas, the scanning process is time consuming. This paper proposes a new shape detection method that requires only single far-field intensity. Unlike existing shape detection methods, it retrieves both the amplitude and the phase, based on the fact that a deformed shape causes change not only in the aperture phase but also in the aperture amplitude. Through even-odd decomposition analysis, it is found that in the case of small and smooth deformation, “odd-phase” and “even-amplitude” can be directly recovered from one focused far-field intensity. This leads to the recovery of both the odd and the even parts of the antenna surface shape simultaneously. By combining amplitude retrieval and phase retrieval, this work achieves for the first time the shape detection with only one scan.
An Efficient Contention-Window Based Reporting for Internet of Things Features in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Khan Muhammad Sajjad , Kim Junsu , Lee Eung Hyuk , Kim Su Min
Published: August 2019

Internet of things (IoT) is a new challenging paradigm for connecting heterogeneous networks. However, an explosive increase in the number of IoT cognitive users requires a mass of sensing reporting; thus, it increases complexity of the system. Moreover, bandwidth utilization, reporting time, and communication overhead arise. To realize spectrum sensing, how to collect sensing results by reducing the communication overhead and the reporting time is a problem of major concern in future wireless networks. On the other hand, cognitive radio is a promising technology to access the spectrum opportunistically. In this paper, we propose a contention-window based reporting approach with a sequential fusion mechanism. The proposed reporting scheme reduces the reporting time and the communication overhead by collecting sensing results from the secondary users with the highest reliability at a fusion center by utilizing Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. The fusion center broadcasts the sensing results once a global decision requirement is satisfied. Through simulations, we evaluate the proposed scheme in terms of percentage of the number of reporting secondary users, error probability, percentage of reporting, and spectral efficiency. As a result, it is shown that the proposed scheme is more effective than a conventional order-less sequential reporting scheme.
Metabolic Comorbidities and Risk of Development and Severity of Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Li Xu , Gao Pujun , Niu Junqi
Published: August 2019

The incidence and rates of diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) have been increasing in recent years as findings from basic research and the examination of clinical databases reveal information about the clinical course, etiology, and prognosis of this complex disease. The prevalence of metabolic comorbidities (e.g., diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS)) has been increasing during the same period. The results of preclinical and clinical research studies indicate that characteristics of metabolic comorbidities are also factors that affect DILI phenotype and progression. The objective of this review is to present the evidence for DILI and hepatotoxicity mechanisms, incidence, and outcomes in patients with MetS and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, we also summarize the relationships between drugs used to treat metabolic comorbidities and DILI.
A Rare Presentation of Coinfection: Dengue Virus and Hepatitis A Virus
Authors: Ranathunga I. , Kannangara L. S. , Bandara K. A. S , Gunatilake S. B.
Published: August 2019

Dengue fever caused by dengue virus is a common tropical infection transmitted by the mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Four strains of the genus flavivirus is responsible for the epidemics of varying severity. Hepatitis A caused by hepatitis A virus is spread by faecal-oral route. The culprit virus is a hepatovirus. Coinfection with dengue virus and hepatitis A virus is rare and is a diagnostic as well as management challenge to the medical professional. We report a patient who presented to us with dengue virus and hepatitis A virus coinfection.
First-in-Human Study of Mivebresib (ABBV-075), an Oral Pan-Inhibitor of Bromodomain and Extra Terminal Proteins, in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Solid Tumors
Authors: Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Sachdev Jasgit C. , Barve Minal , LoRusso Patricia , Szmulewitz Russell , Patel Sapna Pradyuman , Lara Primo N. , Chen Xiaotian , Hu Beibei , Freise Kevin J. , Modi Dimple , Sood Anjla , Hutti Jessica E. , Wolff Johannes , O'Neil Bert H.
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins play important roles in transcriptional regulation relevant to cancer pathogenesis, and therapeutic targeting/inhibition of BET causes apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro. In this first-in-human study of the pan-BET inhibitor mivebresib (ABBV-075), the safety profile, MTD, and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) were determined in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients and Methods:

A 3 + 3 dose escalation for different mivebresib dosing schedules [daily, Monday/Wednesday/Friday (M-W-F), 4 days on/3 off (4/7)] was followed by dose expansion in patients with prostate cancer. Endpoints were safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity.

Results:

Seventy-two patients with solid tumors (14% uveal melanoma; 11% colorectal; 11% breast; 8% pancreatic; 7% head/neck; 49% others) were treated with mivebresib during dose escalation, and 12 additional patients with prostate cancer in expansion cohort. Most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) related to mivebresib were dysgeusia (49%), thrombocytopenia (48%), fatigue (26%), and nausea (25%). Most common grade 3/4 TEAEs related to mivebresib were thrombocytopenia (35%) and anemia (6%). Dose-limiting toxicities included thrombocytopenia (2 mg daily; 4.5 mg M-W-F), gastrointestinal bleed (2 mg daily), hypertension (2–3 mg 4/7), fatigue, decreased appetite, and aspartate aminotransferase elevation (4 mg M-W-F). Of 61 evaluable patients from dose escalation, 26 (43%) had stable disease and 35 (57%) had progressive disease. Median progression-free survival was 1.8 months (95% confidence interval, 1.8–1.9).

Conclusions:

On the basis of safety and tolerability, mivebresib RP2D is 1.5 mg for the daily schedule, 2.5 mg for 4/7, and 3 mg for M-W-F. Mivebresib has a tolerable safety profile, and stable disease was observed in some patients with malignant solid tumors.
A Single-Arm, Multicenter, Phase II Study of Camrelizumab in Relapsed or Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Song Yuqin , Wu Jianqiu , Chen Xinchuan , Lin Tongyu , Cao Junning , Liu Yanyan , Zhao Yaozhong , Jin Jie , Huang Haiwen , Hu Jianda , Luo Jun , Zhang Liling , Xue Hongwei , Zhang Qingyuan , Wang Weiwei , Chen Chunxia , Feng Jifeng , Zhu Jun
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

For classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), programmed death-l (PD-1) is a well-recognized attractive target. This multicenter, single-arm, phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab, a humanized high-affinity IgG4 mAb against PD-1, in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory cHL.

Patients and Methods:

Patients who had failed to achieve a remission or experienced progression after autologous stem cell transplantation or had received at least two lines of systemic chemotherapies were given camrelizumab 200 mg every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was objective response rate per independent review committee (IRC) assessment. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03155425).

Results:

Between June 9, 2017 and September 18, 2017, 75 patients were enrolled and treated. At a median follow-up of 12.9 months, 57 of 75 (76.0%; 95% CI, 64.7–85.1) patients achieved an IRC-assessed objective response, including 21 (28.0%) and 36 (48.0%) patients who had complete and partial remission, respectively. Median duration of response was not reached (range, 0.0+–12.8+ months). Treatment-related adverse events (AE) occurred in all patients. The most common ones included cutaneous reactive capillary endothelial proliferation (97.3%, 73/75) and pyrexia (42.7%, 32/75). Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AEs occurred in 20 patients (26.7%); the most common AE was decreased white blood cell count (4.0%, 3/75). There were no grade 5 treatment-related AEs.

Conclusions:

Camrelizumab demonstrated a high response rate, durable response and controllable safety in Chinese patients with relapsed or refractory cHL, becoming a new safe and effective treatment option in this setting.
Mollusk bycatch in trawl fisheries targeting the Atlantic seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri on the coast of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Mendonça Luana Marina De Castro , Guimarães Carmen Regina Parisotto , Lima Silvio Felipe Barbosa
Published: August 2019

The malacofauna bycatch of sea-bob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) trawl fisheries on the coast of Sergipe was studied for 5 years. The malacofauna bycatch considered was obtained in nine oceanographic sampling campaigns carried out between May 1999 and June 2003 in 18 stations distributed in six transects along depths of 10, 20 and 30 m. A total of 2,669 individuals of mollusk belonging to 54 species were captured on the 18 sea-bob shrimp trawl stations carried out along the coast of Sergipe. The considerable richness of mollusks was composed by 19 families and 31 species of gastropods, 12 families and 19 species of bivalves and 2 families and 4 species of cephalopods. The highest abundance were observed at stations 13 (373 individuals) and 16 (685 individuals) that represents the lowest depth (10 m) and the richness was higher at stations 15 and 12 (17 and 11 species, respectively) both located at the highest depth (30 m). Cephalopods had high frequency of occurrence being collected in all the stations and by far the most abundant group with a total of 2,488 individuals captured. On the other hand, gastropods (with 142 individuals found in 83.3% of stations) and bivalves (about 1% of the individuals collected) contribute with a much smaller percentage of individuals captured. Lolliguncula brevis (Blainville, 1823) was most representative cephalopod in number and frequency of occurrence. Arcidae, Conidae, Muricidae and Strombidae were the families with the higher number of species in the trawl-fishery. Among bivalves, Pitar arestus (Dall & Simpson, 1901) and Spathochlamys benedicti (Verrill & Bush [in Verrill], 1897) were the species with higher frequency of occurrence. Although the considerable sample effort and a number of mollusks captured as bycath, the richness estimators indicated that the species richness could increase with additional sampling effort in the study area. The present study expands the taxonomic alpha knowledge on the mollusk bycatch of sea-bob shrimp trawl fisheries on the northeastern coast of Brazil. However, it is of crucial importance to assess urgently the negative impacts of the sea-bob shrimp trawl fisheries on the benthic community of the entire coast of Brazil.
Birds of Parque Estadual do Tainhas, an important protected area of the highland grasslands of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Chiarani Eduardo , Fontana Carla Suertegaray
Published: August 2019

Parque Estadual do Tainhas – PET (Tainhas State Park) is a protected area with significant extensions of natural grasslands located in highland grasslands of northeastern Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, and recognized as an Important Bird Area. Our aim was to record the bird species richness of PET with a greater sampling effort than previous studies at the site, including unpublished data such as occurrence status of most species and evidence of breeding of some of them in the park. We surveyed birds between 2012 and 2018 performing aleatory trails covering mainly the central portion of PET (1,500 ha). We also added records from published studies. We listed 208 species, of which 203 were recorded during our fieldwork (including 18 species of conservation concern). The estimated richness was 222.22 (SD = 10.91) species, according to Jackknife 1 method. This result represents a 58% increase in the species richness of the park and shows that long-term monitoring of the bird community allows to access more accurate richness and to identify the regular species (core avifauna) of the park. The presence of 55 breeders and threatened species shows the importance of this protected area for breeding and conservation of grassland birds, such as Urubitinga coronata, Cinclodes pabsti, Xolmis dominicanus, Anthus nattereri, Xanthopsar flavus, and Sporophila melanogaster.
A new species of Oiovelia from Colombia, with notes for other three species of South American Veliinae (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha: Veliidae)
Authors: Rodrigues Higor D.D. , Álvarez Arango Luisa Fernanda
Published: August 2019

The new species Oiovelia shepardi is described based on macropterous specimens from the departments of La Guajira and Antioquia in northwestern Colombia, and is compared to its presumed closest relative. The female of Paravelia cunhai Rodrigues & Moreira, 2016 and the male of P. polhemusi Rodrigues, Moreira, Nieser, Chen & Melo, 2014 are described for the first time. The specimens of the two species of Paravelia Breddin were collected in waters inside caves in the State of Pará, northern Brazil. Further, the micropterous form of Steinovelia vinnula (Drake, 1951) is described, compared with S. virgata (White, 1879), and new distributional records are provided. Illustrations and a geographic distribution map of all species treated here are presented.
New records of two species of parasitic isopods (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Bopyridae: Athelginae) associated with hermit crabs from the south Atlantic
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe Bezerra , Campos-Filho Ivanklin Soares , Bezerra Luís Ernesto Arruda
Published: August 2019

Two species of bopyrid isopods from the subfamily Athelginae are recorded from new localities in northeastern Brazil. Parathelges foliatus Markham, 1972 was recorded for the first time from Brazil, in the state of Ceará, parasitising the hermit crab Clibanarius symmetricus (Randall, 1840). Pseudostegias atlantica Lemos de Castro, 1965 is recorded from the state of Ceará, parasitising Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1859. Illustrations, species diagnosis and an updated distribution map are given for each species.
An overview of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the state of Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Prado Lívia Pires do , Feitosa Rodrigo Machado , Triana Stefania Pinzón , Gutiérrez Jhonatan Andrés Muñoz , Rousseau Guillaume Xavier , Silva Raimunda Alves , Siqueira Glécio Machado , Santos Ciro Líbio Caldas do , Silva Francisco Veras , Silva Thiago Sanches Ranzani da , Casadei-Ferreira Alexandre , Silva Rogério Rosa da , Andrade-Silva Joudellys
Published: August 2019

The state of Maranhão, located in northeastern Brazil, comprises three biomes: Amazonian, Caatinga, and the Cerrado. To date, 99 ant species have been recorded in the literature from the state. In the present work, we provide for the first time a profile of the ant fauna in the state based on data from the historical literature and Brazilian institutional collections. The updated records on ant diversity for the state of Maranhão revealed a total of 279 species, belonging to 71 genera and 10 subfamilies. In total, 180 species are recorded for the first time in the state, of which four species recorded for the first time in Brazil. In summary, apart from documenting the ant fauna of the region, these results provide a basis for further studies and may contribute to future conservation efforts for the biomes present in this complex landscape.
First record of the genus Eumunida Smith, 1883 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Eumunididae) from the southwestern Atlantic, with the description of a new species
Authors: Tavares Marcos , Lima Daniel
Published: August 2019

Eumunida picta Smith, 1883, was considered for over a century an amphi-Atlantic species and the only representative of the genus in the Atlantic Ocean, until being split into three species: E. picta sensu stricto (from the northwestern Atlantic), E. bella de Saint Laurent & MacPherson, 1990 and E. squamifera de Saint Laurent & MacPherson, 1990 (from the northeastern and southeastern Atlantic, respectively). Eumunida is now expanded to include a new species, E. notialis, from off the Brazilian coast. Hence, this is the first record of Eumunida and Eumunididae from the southwestern Atlantic. The new species differs from all its Atlantic counterparts in having (1) four hepatic spines; (2) two carapace inframarginal spines; (3) the distal end of the antennal acicle nearly reaching to the articulation between fourth and fifth antennal segments; and (4) the anterolateral spine of the second pleonal tergite obsolete.
Desgastes e fortalecimentos de graduandos de enfermagem expressos em mídia social
Authors: Sivalli Campos Célia Maria , Oliveira Jenypher Pereira de Sá , Silva Sarah Grigório , Otrenti Eloá , Dias Vânia Ferreira Gomes
Published: August 2019

Sofrimento emocional de estudantes universitários tem sido tema de pesquisas e de preocupação de instituições de ensino. Jovens universitários tem manifestado resultados físicos e psíquicos desses desgastes; no entanto, os cursos universitários não preveem espaços que acolham os estudantes, nem ações para enfrentamento dos potenciais desgastes. Ações que se proponham efetivas devem partir da análise das raízes do problema; ou seja, da identificação dos potenciais de desgaste/fortalecimento apresentados pelos jovens universitários. Os estudantes que ingressam no curso de graduação em enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo encontram-se na etapa da juventude, que é vivenciada de maneira heterogênea, a depender das distintas condições concretas de vida. Como consequência, são distintas e heterogêneas as formas e possibilidades de enfrentamento dos potenciais de desgaste/fortalecimento. Objetivo: Identificar e analisar os potenciais de desgaste/fortalecimento expressos pelos estudantes de graduação em enfermagem da EEUSP. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado com posts de graduandos da EEUSP na mídia social Facebook, importante recurso para comunicação e expressão dos estudantes. Resultados: Os potenciais desgastes foram majoritariamente associados a situações da vida acadêmica, particularmente a atividades curriculares. Localizou-se potenciais de desgastes relacionados à carga horária curricular e ao volume de atividades acadêmicas do curso. Já os potenciais fortalecimentos expressos foram associados majoritariamente aos relacionamentos e a atividades extra curriculares. Os resultados da pesquisa foram encaminhados à Comissão de Graduação e à CoC Bacharelado e apresentados aos graduandos. Como desdobramento da pesquisa, foram realizadas oficinas com participação voluntária de graduandos. Considerações finais: A partir dos resultados do presente estudo é possível afirmar que as instituições formadoras devem tomar para si a responsabilidade de reconhecer potenciais de fortalecimento/desgaste dos estudantes e de promover espaços para enfrentamento dos potenciais de desgastes e o aprimoramento dos potenciais de fortalecimentos.
Grupo Comunitário de Saúde Mental
Authors: Pinheiro Bruna Cardoso , Ishara Sérgio , Cardoso Carmen Lúcia
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo teve como objeto o Programa Grupo Comunitário de Saúde Mental (GCSM), desenvolvido na cidade de Ribeirão Preto – SP, que atua como estratégia de ampliação e diversificação das modalidades de cuidado em Saúde Mental e como espaço de formação de profissionais de saúde. Objetivou-se compreender as ressonâncias e desdobramentos, no percurso de formação profissional, da participação de estudantes e profissionais em formação em saúde/saúde mental no Programa GCSM. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa de natureza exploratória, que utilizou como método a Análise de Conteúdo Temática e como instrumento a entrevista aberta. Participaram dessa pesquisa: cinco estudantes das áreas de Enfermagem, Terapia Ocupacional e Fisioterapia e dez profissionais em formação das áreas de Psicologia, Medicina e Serviço Social, totalizando 15 participantes. A análise do corpus possibilitou a construção de três categorias: 1) Contextos de formação profissional em saúde; 2) Experiências de formação e (trans)formação no espaço do GCSM; 3) Para além das fronteiras do GCSM: desdobramentos da experiência vivida. A análise das entrevistas aponta um processo formativo em saúde ainda predominantemente centrado nos aspectos técnico-instrumentais, com pouco espaço para subjetividade e intersubjetividade presentes no cuidado. Nesse contexto, o GCSM, ao promover um exercício continuado de atenção às experiências humanas, por meio da reflexão e do encontro entre pessoas contribui para o resgate da perspectiva humana do cuidado na formação em saúde/saúde mental, auxiliando estudantes e profissionais na compreensão da condição humana e no desenvolvimento de recursos afetivos e relacionais, indispensáveis tanto no cuidado ao outro como no autocuidado do profissional. O presente estudo pode contribuir com a reflexão e instrumentação de métodos de formação realizada em serviços-escola, buscando ampliar a compreensão acerca dos desafios envolvidos na produção de uma formação humanística no campo da saúde.
Análise documental relacionado ao ensino da promoção da saúde na graduação
Authors: Germani Ana Claudia Camargo Gonçalves , Chagas Kleber Jessivaldo Gomes das , Lisboa Gabriela , Saraiva Gabriella Seixas Sampaio , Gonçalves Johny Everson , Pina-Oliveira Alfredo Almeida
Published: August 2019

Ensinar promoção da saúde (PS) para os futuros profissionais da saúde é essencial frente a integralidade do processo saúde-doença-cuidado de indivíduos e coletividades. Defende-se que as Universidades além de contribuir para o ensino possam promover a saúde de seus estudantes. Objetivo: explorar a inserção da PS nos currículos de diferentes cursos da saúde da Universidade de São Paulo e refletir sobre o ensino como possibilidade para os estudantes promoverem a própria saúde. Método: Estudo qualitativo exploratório preliminar estruturado a partir da análise documental do projeto político pedagógico (PPP) e ementa de disciplinas de oito cursos da USP-SP. Resultados: o conteúdo sobre PS aparece de forma heterogênea nos 8 PPP. A identificação de disciplinas nucleares que abordam o tema, na perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde e/ou da Atenção Primária, entre o 2º e o 4º semestres aponta para a possibilidade (e desafio) da educação interprofissional. Conclusão: O ensino de PS abre possibilidades de articulação entre os cursos e convida para extrapolação do ensino para o cuidado pessoal.