bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Canine pancreatitis—a challenging disease. Part 2
Authors: Dröes Floris , Tappin Simon
Published: September 2017

Canine pancreatitis poses a challenge for patients, their owners, and veterinary surgeons, not only because of the difficulty in diagnosing this disease, but also in its treatment. Treatment of canine pancreatitis generally consists of four cornerstones (intravenous fluid therapy, analgesia, nutritional support and controlling nausea), however every dog with pancreatitis presents slightly differently and each patient will need specifically tailored therapy. In human medicine, systems for measuring disease severity, monitoring disease progression and treatment options have been widely studied, but for dogs this information is much less available. This poses a challenge in getting the correct dog-specific recommendations for the treatment of pancreatitis, as many treatment recommendations are derived initially from the human field. Scoring disease severity is of practical interest not only in identifying severe cases early, but also for monitoring disease progression. The prognosis for canine pancreatitis is generally good in mild cases, which usually lead to complete resolution of clinical signs. Recurrent bouts of pancreatitis can lead to chronic pancreatitis, or worsening of the disease, with rare long-term complications possible such as diabetes mellitus or exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, bringing further challenges to patient management.
Common conditions in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius)
Authors: Miles Sonya
Published: September 2017

The popularity of owning reptiles as pets is steadily increasing, with a huge variety of different species becoming readily available. Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) are the second of the most commonly owned pet reptile presented in veterinary practice, with an extensive range of genetic skin colour variations being available. Leopard geckos are routinely presented to veterinary surgeons with a myriad of conditions, most often as a result of environmental deficiencies. General knowledge of the correct species-specific husbandry conditions is essential when seeing reptiles in practice. This article provides a basic outline of the correct care for this species, including heating, lighting, housing and dietary requirements, as well as a review of the common conditions seen in this species and discussion of the common presentations, diagnostics and treatments required for each condition.
Dogs are good for us
Authors: Gorbing Peter
Published: September 2017

Dogs for Good is a charity that trains assistance dogs to help adults and children lead more independent lives, both at home and in the community; provides advice and support to people who want a pet dog to help them overcome specific challenges within their family; and trains and support community dogs and their specialist handlers to work in activity and therapy in communities and schools.
Dermatology prescribing update: Psoriasis
Authors: Van Onselen Julie
Published: September 2017

Psoriasis is a multi-system disease, which manifests in skin symptoms. Mild and moderate psoriasis is generally managed in primary care. Nurse prescribers should be aware of evidence-based guidelines on topical treatments for psoriasis. Nurses should also know the importance of regular assessment and identification of co-morbidities at an early stage. People with psoriasis will benefit from individual skin care plans that can help with education on application and treatment expectations. This article explains the principles of psoriasis topical treatments in managing chronic plaque psoriasis with emollients, topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogues, coal tar and dithranol.
Learning lessons from diabetes emergencies
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: September 2017

Health care in the 21st century is complex. Clinicians deal with the challenges of an ageing population and care for people with multiple comorbidities including dementia. People receiving health care are vulnerable and organisations must ensure that patient safety issues are addressed. When incidents occur organisations must learn lessons and ensure that changes are made to reduce future risks and improve care. Nurses working at advanced level are in a unique position to contribute to this process by working with staff from the ward to the Trust board and drive change to ensure that we continue to develop an effective safety culture.
Proses Identifikasi: Mengenal Anak Kesulitan Belajar Tipe Disleksia Bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi
Authors: Rofiah Nurul Hidayati
Published: September 2017

One of the common and yet not well understood learning difficulties is dyslexia. Most teachers in Indonesia are still not equipped with enough information or knowledge to enable them to identify this learning difficulty. As such, most students with dyslexia are undiagnosed and as a resulttheir learning needs are not properly met. This paper argues that identification and assessment are important steps to developingan appropriate learning plan for a student with dyslexia. The identification process can be done by teachers through careful and systematic observation. Further, steps of identification can be done through in depth interviews with both students and parents as well as other means of assessment such as assignment or standardized psychological testing.This paper also argues that in the case of dyslexia,early intervention will minimize children’s social and emotional challenges. At the elementary school level the psychological challenges can include low self-esteem, feelings of incompetence, and powerlessness which will easily lead a student with dyslexia to be the object of peer bullying. The absence of proper identification and assessment also often leads teachers and parents to misdiagnose dyslexic children as those with mental disabilities.
Functional and morphological imaging of the human tympanic membrane with endoscopic optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kirsten Lars , Morgenstern Joseph , Erkkilä Mikael Timo , Schindler Martin , Golde Jonas , Walther Julia , Kemper Max , Stoppe Thomas , Bornitz Matthias , Neudert Marcus , Zahnert Thomas , Koch Edmund
Published: September 2017

In this ex vivo feasibility study, endoscopic structural and functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging with a field of view of 8 mm is presented allowing the inspection of nearly the entire tympanic membrane through the ear canal. The endoscope utilizes a gradient index optics for simultaneous OCT and video endoscopy. Additionally, Doppler-OCT allows the measurement of the tympanic membrane oscillation. Due to the fast image acquisition, only minor motion artifacts have been observed, which don’t affect the image quality. In conclusion, endoscopic OCT is considered as a promising tool for the comprehensive examination of the human middle ear.
Evaluation and image quality comparison of ultra-thin fibre endoscopes for vascular endoscopy
Authors: Boese Axel , Sivankutty Akhil Karthasseril , Friebe Michael
Published: September 2017

Medical applications like vascular endoscopy can provide additional diagnostic value for future procedures [1]. For these applications an optimal compromise between image quality and fibre flexibility has to be identified. Image quality of endoscopes is normally estimated using flat test objects or charts. For the application of vascular endoscopy a tubular test set up seems to be more beneficial. We compare three fibre endoscopes with different diameters and number of integrated fibre according to image quality and flexibility. Based on the results a recommendation for possible applications in vascular endoscopy is given.
Numerical simulation of pulsatile flow through a coronary nozzle model based on FDA’s benchmark geometry
Authors: Stiehm Michael , Wüstenhagen Carolin , Siewert Stefan , Grabow Niels , Schmitz Klaus-Peter
Published: September 2017

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool to extent knowledge of biomechanical processes in cardiovascular implants.

To provide a standardized method the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) initialized a CFD round robin study. One of the developed benchmark standard models is a generic nozzle geometry, consisting of a cylindrical throat with a conical collector and sudden expansion on either side. Several fluid mechanical data obtained from international institutes by means of CFD and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements under different flow regimes (Re = 500, 2000, 3500, 5000 and 6500) are freely available.

This database includes only steady state simulations. In this study we performed pulsatile CFD simulations to consider the physiological environment of the coronary vessels. Furthermore, the nozzle geometry was scaled down to coronary dimension (D
inlet
= 12 mm to 3 mm) while retaining the average Reynolds number Re = 500 constant. The pulsatile character is described by a Womersley number of Wo = 2.065. Our CFD code was previously validated by using FDA’s data for steady state inflow conditions.

It could be shown that time averaged wall shear stress and shear stress values agree well with steady state results. We conclude that steady state simulations are valid for hemodynamic analyses if only time averaged values are needed. This could save computational costs of future hemodynamic investigations.

In addition, this study expands FDA’s benchmark case by pulsatile inlet condition for further code validation. This could be necessary for the development of new numerical methods as well as for validation of CFD codes used in the approval process of medical devices.
Innovation and Internationalization: Relationship and Implications for Management and Public Policy
Authors: Freixanet Joan
Published: September 2017

Innovation and internationalization are two basic growth strategies which contend for both the firms’ and governments resources. At the same time, they are linked by a two-way relationship that has been widely documented in previous studies. However, often preceding literature is disconnected and does not integrate innovation and export promotion studies into the analysis. In this article we review and synthesize the different approaches regarding these relationships, while considering also the research on the impact of export promotion programs. As a result, a list of recommendations is deduced both for management and public policy regarding the development of these two strategies.
Binary Options as a Modern Fenomenon of Financial Business
Authors: Kolková Andrea , Lenertová Lucie
Published: September 2017

Binary options are a new instrument of the financial market. The aim of this paper is to analyze the use of binary options with trading and to illustrate this on the practical example of trades based on Bollinger bands indicator. Currency pair EUR/USD and 6912 time series values of this instrument will be put to analysis. The contribution will be evaluated 8 strategies based on Bollinger Bands. There will be used a backtesting method. From the results follows the most trades could have been realized with the use of Bollinger bands with a double deviation. This strategy, however, also showed the greatest percentage of failed trades. On the contrary the fewest transactions could have been carried out with Bollinger bands with a triple deviation and the MACD filter.
Exploring Consumers’ Propensity for Online Shopping in a Developing Country: A Demographic Perspective
Authors: Kwarteng Michael Adu , Pilík Michal
Published: September 2017

The advent of the Internet continues to open new frontiers in digital marketing. One visible impact of the Internet in marketing has been the growing increase in online transactions which profits marketers and seemingly satisfies customers. However, in developing countries, the potential of online shopping has not been fully explored, and in some cases, are just non-existent. Lack of online infrastructure has often been attributed to the slower growth in online transactions in Africa, however, the customers’ preparedness and inclination to use the service is ignored. .Against this backdrop, this study seeks to analyze consumers’ propensity to engage in online transactions with a focus on demographic attributes such as age, gender and education. Using customers in Ghana as a case study, key reasons as well as the demographics that fancy online transactions are revealed. The results indicate that delivery problems, poor internet connection, privacy and security issues are some of the reasons preventing customers to shop online
The Specific Character Traits of Young Entrepreneurs in Slovakia
Authors: Sobeková Majková Monika , Ključnikov Aleksandr
Published: September 2017

Worldwide scientific researches present the entrepreneurs have to declare specific characteristic traits to be successful in the business. This paper is focused on the comparison of the specific character traits between potential young entrepreneurs and other young people. The aim is to compare the three chosen character traits differences between these two focus groups by using the statistical method of Pearson's chi-square and bring the answers on the questions why some people incline to becoming the entrepreneurs more intensively than others, and what are the differences between them in relation to the character traits and their personality characteristics. The research was conducted among 1233 young people in all regions of Slovakia in 2012. The results show, that young people who plan to become an entrepreneur, are more creative, willing to face the risk, more confident in the solvation of complicated problems and difficult tasks with the opposite group of respondents.
Productivity and quality when editing machine translation and translation memory outputs: an empirical analysis of English to Welsh translation
Authors: Screen Benjamin
Published: September 2017

This article reports on a controlled study carried out to examine the possible benefits of editing Machine Translation and Translation Memory outputs when translating from English to Welsh. Using software capable of timing the translation process per segment, 8 professional translators each translated 75 sentences of differing match percentage, and post- edited a further 25 segments of Machine Translation. Basing the final analysis on 800 sentences and 17,440 words, the use of Fuzzy Matches in the 70-99% match range, Exact Matches and Statistical Machine Translation was found to significantly speed up the translation process. Significant correlations were also found between the processing time data of Exact Matches and Machine Translation post-editing, rather than between Fuzzy Matches and Machine Translation as expected. Two experienced translators were then asked to rate all translations for fidelity, grammaticality and style, whereby it was found that the use of translation technology either did not negatively affect translation quality compared to manual translation, or its use actually improved final quality in some cases. As well as confirming the findings of research in relation to translation technology, these findings also contradict supposed similarities between translation quality in terms of style and post-editing Machine Translation.
ECONOMIC VALUE OF R&D IN THE FIELD OF FAST REACTORS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT UNCERTAINTY ON THEIR COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF FRANCE
Authors: TAVERDET-POPIOLEK NATHALIE , SHOI BIANKA
Published: September 2017

In a context of mix signals regarding worldwide nuclear development, this paper aims at assessing the economic value of pursuing research in Generation IV fast reactors today, given that it would allow industrial deployment around 2040 in case of high uranium prices. Two key variables shall be considered as inputs for the assessment: the price of uranium and the overcost of Generation IV reactors compared with the previous generation. Our model is based on the “real options” theory which demonstrates that this value is positive and outweighs the risks associated with the competitiveness of Generation IV. It is quite simple but it clarifies and introduces important aspects of the field.
Effects of Repeated Sprints With Changes of Direction on Youth Soccer Player's Performance: Impact of Initial Fitness Level
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Petisco Cristina , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Rodriguez-Fernandez Alejandro , Miñano Javier , Nakamura Fábio Y.
Published: September 2017

Sanchez-Sanchez, J, Ramirez-Campillo, R, Petisco, C, Gonzalo-Skok, O, Rodriguez-Fernandez, A, Miñano, J, and Nakamura, FY. Effects of repeated sprints with changes of direction on youth soccer player's performance: impact of initial fitness level. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2753–2759, 2019—The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an 8-week repeated sprint with change of direction (RS-COD) training program on RS, intermittent endurance, and change of direction performance in youth soccer players with different aerobic fitness levels. Athletes were randomly assigned into a soccer-only (n = 9; age, 14.9 ± 0.4 years) and soccer plus RS-COD training programs for players with high (n = 10; age, 14.4 ± 0.5 years) and low (n = 10; age, 14.4 ± 0.5 years) aerobic fitness. Repeated sprint with change of direction was completed 2 days per week, involving 3 sets of ten 18-m sprints with 2 changes of direction of 90°. The soccer-only group achieved greater improvements in intermittent endurance (effect size [ES] = 0.61) and sprint decrement during RS ability test (ES = 0.77) compared with the RS-COD groups (ES = 0.19–0.24; ES = −0.27 to 0.02; respectively). Repeated sprint with change of direction training improved RS (ES = 0.16–0.38) and change of direction (ES = 0.48) performance in high but not in low-fitness players (ES = 0.03–0.13; ES = 0.16; respectively). Moreover, improvements in RS and change of direction were (possibly) greater in high compared with low fitness and soccer-only trained players (possibly to very likely). In conclusion, although RS-COD training may positively affect RS and change of direction performance, its effects may vary according to the initial aerobic fitness of youth soccer players, with trivial effect on intermittent endurance in high-aerobic fitness players and possible beneficial effect on low-aerobic fitness players.
Using Dialogues to Explore Genetics, Ancestry, and Race
Authors: Beckwith Jonathan , Bergman Kostia , Carson Michael , Doerr Tobias , Geller Lisa , Pierce Robin , Krimsky Sheldon , Martin Carol , Santiago Marina , Murray Amy Vashlishan , Warren Celestine , Zichterman Chad
Published: September 2017

Teaching the topic of genetics in relationship to ancestry and race generates many questions, and requires a teaching strategy that encourages perspective-based exploration and discussion. We have developed a set of dialogues for discussing the complex science of genetics, ancestry, and race that is contextualized in real human interactions and that contends with the social and ethical implications of this science. This article provides some brief historical and scientific context for these dialogues, describes their development, and relates how we have used them in different ways to engage diverse groups of science learners. The dialogue series can be incorporated into classroom or informal science education settings. After listening to or performing the dialogues and participating in a discussion, students will: (1) recognize misunderstandings about the relationship between DNA and race; (2) describe how DNA testing services assign geographic ancestry; (3) explain how scientific findings have been used historically to promote institutionalized racism and the role personal biases can play in science; (4) identify situations in their own life that have affected their understanding of genetics and race; and (5) discuss the potential consequences of the racialization of medicine as well as other fallacies about the connection of science and race.
The metabolic syndrome and its components in 178 patients treated for craniopharyngioma after 16 years of follow-up
Authors: Wijnen Mark , Olsson Daniel S , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M , Hammarstrand Casper , Janssen Joseph A M J L , van der Lely Aart-Jan , Johannsson Gudmundur , Neggers Sebastian J C M M
Published: September 2017

Objective

Patients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for cardio- and cerebrovascular mortality. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important cardiometabolic risk factor, but barely studied in patients with craniopharyngioma. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for the MetS and its components in patients with craniopharyngioma.

Design

Cross-sectional study with retrospective data.

Methods

We studied the prevalence of and risk factors for the MetS and its components in 110 Dutch (median age 47 years, range 18–92) and 68 Swedish (median age 50 years, range 20–81) patients with craniopharyngioma with ≥3 years of follow-up (90 females (51%); 83 patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (47%); median follow-up after craniopharyngioma diagnosis 16 years (range 3–62)). In Dutch patients aged 30–70 years and Swedish patients aged 45–69 years, we examined the prevalence of the MetS and its components relative to the general population.

Results

Sixty-nine (46%) of 149 patients with complete data demonstrated the MetS. Prevalence of the MetS was significantly higher in patients with craniopharyngioma compared with the general population (40% vs 26% (P < 0.05) for Dutch patients; 52% vs 15% (P < 0.05) for Swedish patients). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified visual impairment as a borderline significant predictor of the MetS (OR 2.54, 95% CI 0.95–6.81;P = 0.06) after adjustment for glucocorticoid replacement therapy and follow-up duration. Age, female sex, tumor location, radiological hypothalamic damage,90Yttrium brachytherapy, glucocorticoid replacement therapy and follow-up duration significantly predicted components of the MetS.

Conclusions

Patients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for the MetS, especially patients with visual impairment.
Gamtos dykynė. Žmogaus egzistencija tarp šlamšto ir reintegravimosi utopijos
Authors: Cuozzo Gianluca
Published: September 2017

Gyventi šiandienos subjaurotame peizaže, kur gamta tėra senovės grožio ir gausos fragmentas, reiškia tout court įžengti į alegorijos erą, kurioje žmogiškoji egzistencija priversta apgyvendinti mėnulio peizažą, primenantį Philipo K. Dicko aprašytuosius peizažus, pūvančių atmatų vietą, kur viskas greitai redukuojama į šlamštą ir tauškalus. Vis dėlto gamta, nors ir tapo tik buvusios savęs fragmen­tas ar alegorija, dar išlaiko istorinį matmenį: tą laiko matmenį, kurio socialinis pasaulis, – virtęs buku save įamžinančiu mitu, – atsisakė dėl „visad tapataus ir visad naujo“ bei konkrečių istorinių kontingentiškų padarinių neatšaukiamumo. Tačiau net ir sudarkyta gamta gali tapti konkrečios reintegravimosi utopijos šaltiniu dėl savo istorinio matmens. Kitaip sakant, nei gamtos dykynė, nei mūsų svajonės apie išsigelbėjimą nėra laisvos nuo jų kitu būdu netikėto abipusio solidarumo: būdamos tarpusavyje susijusios, jos stumia vaizduotę į tolimas ir seniai užmirštas žemes, kuriose apsigyvenusi laimė, kurios vardas, – dabar išsigintas istorijos, – yra atgautas rojus.
Ambigüedad religiosa, diversidad y racionalidad
Authors: Gómez Rincón Carlos Miguel
Published: September 2017

Se explora la relación entre las dimensiones proposicional y no proposicional de la creencia religiosa para mostrar que la última dirige el proceso de justificación y representa su límite. Se defiende que la no proposicional también tiene valor cognitivo, porque constituye una suerte de elección epistémica preteórica que no es exclusiva de la fe religiosa. Se explora la noción de ambigüedad religiosa, tanto a nivel intelectual como experiencial, y se sostiene que la relación entre la dimensión proposicional y la no-proposicional de la fe está mediada por la función directiva de las presuposiciones metafísicas instauradas por la experiencia religiosa.
Gaudium y fruitio. La cuestión medieval del goce en la Ética de Spinoza
Authors: Cortés Cuadra Juan Vicente
Published: September 2017

La asimilación que hace Spinoza del alma, es decir, la idea del cuerpo, al gaudium (e3p57) es problemática: si se trata del afecto definido en e1 p18s, dicha asimilación contradice lo que señala e2ax3, esto es, que la idea es anterior al afecto; si se trata de un afecto pasivo, se asimilaría el alma a un afecto pasivo, lo que contradice la idea de que la mente puede ser afectada por afectos activos. La solución tiene dos tiempos: se muestra el doble uso de gaudium como afecto y como intermedio entre la estructura y los conceptos; y se determina la unidad de la noción de goce por el uso. Se confronta finalmente este concepto con las ideas de Tomás de Aquino para mostrar su importancia en la discusión en torno a la libertad.
Una metafísica del ser en cuanto creación. Juan David García Bacca lee a Alfred North Whitehead
Authors: Ferrer García Alberto
Published: September 2017

Al considerar el tratamiento que realiza Juan David García Bacca de Process and Reality de Alfred North Whitehead, el articulo busca apreciar la afinidad entre ambos autores en su caracterización de las deficiencias de la ontología clásica y en su invención de conceptos para un nuevo enfoque de la ontología; a saber, una metafísica de la creación y la novedad.
Soberanía política, inmunidad y excepción. Claves hermenéuticas sobre la gubernamentalidad neoliberal
Authors: Torres Apablaza Iván
Published: September 2017

Para analizar la gubernamentalidad neoliberal, se asume como problema la caracterización de las formas contemporáneas de ejercicio del poder bajo una nueva modalidad de soberanía política localizada en el mercado. Se proponen las nociones de inmunidad y excepción como claves hermenéuticas, y se establece un diálogo entre las derivas foucaultianas de los trabajos de R. Esposito y G. Agamben. Se muestra cómo la relación entre poder y vida asume una forma estratificada y diferenciada, siguiendo una racionalidad de gobierno que encuentra en el cálculo del riesgo el operador funcional de sus intervenciones estratégicas sobre la población.
Miért mennek/mentek külföldre a debreceni orvosok? Egy felmérés eredményei
Authors: Szekanecz Zoltán , Tóth Zoltán , Hamar Attila , Lánczi Levente
Published: September 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: Numerous beliefs have arisen in relation to the emigration of doctors. First of all, in most cases emigration has been attributed to, almost exclusively, low salaries. There are a number of non-financial issues that could possibly be more easily addressed. Method: In order to get closer to these issues, we sent out a 37-item questionnaire to doctors, who originally graduated from the University of Debrecen. Altogether 82 of them sent back the questionnaire. Results: The mean age at the time of emigration was 32 years. The most popular destination was the United States, however, many colleagues left for the US to do research, as well as clinical practice. Among the European countries, the most popular ones were Sweden, Germany, United Kingdom, Switzerland and Norway. The five most popular clinical specialties were general practice, internal medicine, anesthesiology/intensive care, laboratory/pathology and surgery. With respect to the planned duration of working abroad, at the time of emigration one-fourth of our colleagues planned very short (<2 years) stay. When we asked them now, 38% plans much longer, even indefinite stay. The most common reasons of emigration were also assessed. The most common one was the lack of career track, followed by low salary, quality of life, family issues and adventurousness. Interestingly, burnout and “gratuities” were at the end of the list. A mean 1.3 million HUF per month would make our colleagues satisfied but they think that a mean 486.000 HUF would be realistic and would keep most doctors within the country. As far as university education is concerned, our colleagues agreed that the basic medical knowledge of Hungarian doctors is excellent, but their practical skills are much worse. Conclusions: Although returning to Hungary would be unrealistic by most colleagues, low salaries are definitely not the most important or exclusive reason for leaving the country. These issues are rather complex, there are numerous non-financial issues, which could be addressed much easier by expressing a positive attitude. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(37): 1458–1468.
Karl Marx e a Teoria Crítica: inflexão para a práxis do conhecimento sobre mídia e formação
Authors: Chaves Juliana De Castro
Published: September 2017

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de discutir algumas contribuições de Karl Marx, que também são fundantes para a Teoria Crítica, no sentido de refletir sobre a importância da práxis na produção do conhecimento sobre mídia e formação. Para fazer esse debate, retomamos e priorizamos tanto as contribuições de Marx em seu diálogo com a filosofia e os economistas, economia política clássica, no que diz respeito ao método que revela e transforma a realidade, como o debate que Horkheimer realiza com os fundamentos de Marx para diferenciar a Teoria Crítica da Teoria Tradicional e alertar o quanto a produção de um determinado conhecimento pode reproduzir uma sociedade desigual. Revelar as contradições, a relação entre todo e parte, superar o imediato, o aparente, para decifrar as determinações do real e abordar a produção social de qualquer objeto pesquisado, é fundamental para o conhecimento crítico. Problematizar a produção em meio ao primado da representação nos estudos sobre mídia e formação faz um giro que demarca a diferenciação dos estudos críticos e de uma práxis necessária à atualidade.
Marx e Engels: apontamentos sobre educação e ensino
Authors: Martins Marcos Francisco
Published: September 2017

Resumo: este artigo apresenta uma leitura da educação e do ensino no marxismo originário a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. Tomou-se como referência os incipientes escritos de Marx e Engels sobre a questão educativa escolar e procurou-se inferir, por uma interpretação gramsciana, os traços característicos de um projeto de formação humana. São apontados como elementos demarcadores de propostas educativas marxianas a noção da educação como imanente ao processo de produção do ser social, a adoção do trabalho como princípio educativo e a perspectiva de luta de classes. Ao final, está sintetizado o debate sobre as terminologias que identificam tais propostas.
Hannah Arendt: não suportar o mal
Authors: Ramos Silvana De Souza
Published: September 2017

Resumo Minha proposta é focar as reflexões sobre ética na filosofia de Hannah Arendt, especialmente aquelas apresentadas em trabalhos em que a autora discute os desafios para a ação autêntica e o pensamento independente sob regimes políticos modernos. Minha intenção é analisar sua visão sobre as consequências da experiência totalitária para nossa compreensão da responsabilidade moral, quando há uma lacuna entre o passado e o futuro, ou seja, a experiência de um abismo que nos separa da tradição. À luz de tal condição, o pensamento tradicional por si só não pode nos ajudar a entender o significado do contexto atual, e das ações e ações no mundo moderno. Assim, precisamos tentar ler eventos e atos, porque eles são o único suporte capaz de direcionar nosso pensamento.
The Framing of Climate-Change Discourse by Shell and the Framing of Shell’s Climate Change-Related Activities by The Economist and The Financial Times
Authors: Kapranov Oleksandr
Published: September 2017

This article presents a qualitative study of the Royal Dutch/Shell Group’s (further - Shell) corporate image building in relation to climate change and how this image is represented in the British financial press. The material of the study involves the official 2014 Shell’s annual report (further - AR) and online coverages of Shell’s climate change-related activities by the leading British financial newspapers, The Economist and The Financial Times (further – The FT). Shell’s image of climate change is investigated by means of identification of conceptual metaphors viewed through the lenses of the methodological apparatus of cognitive linguistics. Conceptual metaphors identified in the 2014 AR are subsequently juxtaposed with conceptual metaphors associated with Shell’s climate-change activities in The Economist and in The FT. The results reveal that Shell’s 2014 AR involves the following conceptual metaphors associated with climate change: ‘Climate Change as a Journey’, ‘Climate Change as a Battle’, ‘Shell as a Responsible Citizen’, ‘Shell as a Caring Corporation’, ‘Climate Change as Growth’, and ‘Climate Change as Money’. In contrast with these conceptual metaphors, The Economist represents Shell’s climate change activities in 2014 via ‘Shell as an Immoral Corporation’ and ‘Shell as a Sinner’. The FT frames Shell’s climate change agenda in 2014 by means of conceptual metaphors ‘Climate Change as Growth’, ‘Climate Change as a Journey’, and ‘Climate Change as Money’ respectively. The discrepancies between Shell’s self-image of climate change and its representations by The Economist and The FT are further presented and discussed in the article.
Stories about Climate Change in Political and Survey Discourse
Authors: Gjerstad Øyvind , Fløttum Kjersti
Published: September 2017

Narration as a fundamental activity practiced among human beings dates from long before writing was invented, and spread throughout many different civilisations. Within cultural and literary studies it underwent a renaissance through the work of the Russian folklorist and scholar Vladimir Propp, who analysed the basic plot components of Russian folk tales (published in Russia in 1928, translated to English in 1958, Morphology of the Folktale). Then, with the breakthrough of text linguistics, the narrative perspective entered forcefully into analyses of non-fictional texts (Wehrlich 1976, van Dijk 1980, Adam 1992). There have been many discussions about the number of components in the narrative structure, but there is currently a more or less clear consensus on the 5 component schema: initial situation, complication, reaction, resolution, final situation. The narrative structure has also entered non-linguistic fields, such as psychology and political science, and more particularly into climate change discourse, where even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has described its reports as “narratives”. With this as a backdrop, we will in the present contribution discuss the notion of narrative and its relevance in the analysis of climate change discourse within different genres, to show that despite their differences in both content and structure, there is a common climate change narrativity. The comparison involves two very distinct genres, the first of which is the political speech, exemplified by French President François Hollande’s prepared remarks at the climate change conference (COP21) in Paris in late 2015. The second genre has not yet received a label, but can be called “survey discourse”. This corresponds to answers to open-ended questions in a survey undertaken by the Norwegian Citizen Panel in 2015, where respondents answer freely in their own words the following question: “Concerning climate change, what do you think should be done?” The differences between the two genres are manifold. A political speech is carefully drafted by professionals and represents an institutional commitment by a leader. Survey answers are formulated by anonymous respondents who most often are not specialists in the field, and who in no way are bound by their statements. Despite these differences, our findings will show how these texts belonging to very different genres comprise a plot, and how different characters (heroes, victims, and villains) are integrated into the unfolding ‘story’, thus reflecting the socially pervasive nature of narratives.
Introducing the CORYL Corpus: What it Is and How We Can Use it to Shed Light on Learner Language
Authors: Hasselgreen Angela , Sundet Kari Telstad
Published: September 2017

This article presents CORYL (CORpus of Young Learner language), and demonstrates how using the corpus can help to reveal or shed further light on many phenomena which are manifested in the written English language of Norwegian school pupils. The paper begins by introducing CORYL, then focuses on learner language and the role of corpora in the study of this. Separate sections follow, devoted to what we term Computer-aided error analysis and Interlanguage analysis (not involving errors). Within these sections, extracts and other findings from CORYL-searching are presented to illustrate what we believe CORYL is able to indicate about the language of these learners.
Introduction: Language Matters
Authors: Roesen Tine
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Briefing: Non-destructive evaluation and contrasts of concrete overheated and abruptly cooled
Authors: Ercolani Germán D. , Ortega Néstor F. , Priano Carla , Señas Lilia
Published: September 2017

Concrete structures can suffer different pathologies, one of which may be due to exposure to high temperatures. In this briefing paper, different concrete types were exposed to high temperatures. To simulate fire extinction, where the temperature of the overheated concrete descends suddenly, different cooling systems were applied: slowly cooling in the open air and fast cooling by spraying different water volumes. Physical and mechanical properties were affected by the increase of the temperature, making the damage worse, when water was used as the cooling system. Sclerometer and ultrasound non-destructive tests were conducted to quantify deterioration and a relationship with the compressive strength results was established.
Molecular discrimination of Opisthorchis-like eggs from residents in a rural community of central Thailand v1
Authors: Buathong Saiwasan , Leelayoova Saovanee , Mungthin Mathirut , Ruang-areerate Toon , Naaglor Tawee , Suwannahitatorn Picha , Piyaraj Phunlerd , Taamasri Paanjit , Tan-ariya Peerapan
Published: September 2017

Background Opisthorchis viverrini infection is a major public health problem in northern and northeastern Thailand. The chronic infection of O. viverrini is related to cholangiocarcinoma which causes high mortality in endemic areas. Therefore, diagnosis, treatment, control and prevention of O. viverriniare necessary to be conducted. The morphology of the egg is very similar to those of other species of human liver flukes (Opisthorchis felineus and Clonorchis sinensis) as well as those of small intestinal flukes in the family Heterophyidae. Thus, molecular methods are required to discriminate Opisthorchis-like eggs detected in stool examination. Methodology/Principal findings We aimed to determine the prevalence of O. viverrini infection among villagers living in Sanamchaikate District, Chachoengsao Province, central Thailand where O. viverrini infection was previously reported. A total of 2,609 fecal samples were examined for Opisthorchis-like eggs using microscopic examination. PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS-2 region was used to discriminate Opisthorchis-like eggs. The genetic structure of O. viverrini infection was demonstrated using nucleotide sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1). Testing of evolutionary neutrality of the cox1 and nad1 sequences of O. viverrini was performed using Tajima's D tests and Fu's Fs tests. Moreover, the haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees were constructed to study relationships of O. viverrini isolated among different endemic areas. A high prevalence of O. viverrini infection is still observed in a rural community of Chachoengsao Province, central Thailand. The overall prevalence of Opisthorchis-like eggs using microscopic examination was 11.4%. PCR-RFLP profiles showed the predominant infection of O. viverrini (9.6%) including very low infections of other small intestinal flukes, Haplorchis taichui and Euparyphium albuferensis. Genetic structure of O. viverrini in central Thailand was firstly described in this study which revealed genetic diversity but not significant in the population. O. viverrini in this endemic area is closely related to the isolate from Lao PDR. Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrates the prevalence of Opisthorchis-like eegs in central Thailand indicating the control programme and health education is still required in this endemic area. Additionally, the study highlights the genetic structure of O. viverrini, firstly reported in central Thailand which could provide the molecular epidemiology of this parasite.
A Study on SPOC Assisted College Oral English Teaching Strategies
Authors: Wu Rui
Published: September 2017

With the rapid development of information technology, various online courses have sprung up and SPOC (Small Private Online Course) is one of them. In the meantime, Chinese colleges are in the process of transformation from traditional classroom teaching to web-assisted teaching, which demands for a corresponding adjustment of teaching techniques used to guide teaching practice. Therefore, after a deep investigation into the attitude of some students and teachers, based on the results of questionnaires and interviews, this paper proposes several strategies for SPOC assisted college oral EFL teaching, aiming to guide teachers to use online courses effectively and as a result, improve the quality of EFL teaching.
Acceleration of the reliable shortest path algorithm in a time-dependent stochastic transport network
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Abdulganiev Ildar I. , Agafonov Anton A. ,   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we propose a modification of the reliable routing algorithm in a stochastic time-dependent network. We consider a stochastic ontime arrival problem. Reliability means maximization the probability of arrival at a destination within a given period of time. Modification of the shortest-path algorithm is aimed to decrease the computation time of the algorithm. The base idea of the proposed modification is to select a certain subset of nodes and links of the graph which can be used for calculating the shortest path. We propose two methods for selecting subset of nodes: based on a bounding box and based on the k-shortest path algorithm. Experimental studies of the base and modified algorithms are carried out on the transport network of Samara, Russia.
DPCM with an adaptive extrapolator for image compression
Authors:   Samara National Research University, 34 Moskovskoe Shosse, 443086, Samara, Russia, Gashnikov Mikhail V.
Published: September 2017

The method of image compression based on differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) with an adaptive extrapolator is investigated. This extrapolator automatically adapts to local features of contours (boundaries) in the image. The issue of the negative effect of quantization on the result of optimizing the adaptive extrapolator is investigated. It is experimentally proved that, despite this effect, the adaptive extrapolator has the advantage over prototypes. Also, an experimental research of the considered method is carried out as a whole; a comparison is made with the JPEG method with respect to the maximum error in a half-tone Waterloo set of natural images.
Preliminary psychometric characteristics of the Polish version of the Religious Commitment Inventory–10 (RCI-10 PL) by Everett Worthington and colleagues
Authors: Polak Jarosław , Grabowski Damian
Published: September 2017

The article presents the theoretical background and the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Religious Commitment Inventory-10 (RCI-10-PL). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on two samples: 273 participants (Sample A) and 308 participants (Sample B). The results of the CFA showed an acceptable fit of empirical data to the one-factor and two-factor theoretical models, the latter model having a slightly better fit. Moreover, we obtained satisfactory values of the reliability coefficient. Cronbach alpha coefficients for the Polish version of the RCI scales ranged from .82 to .95. Test-retest reliability correlations ranged from .90 to .91 for a five- -week interval between ratings. We also found positive correlations between specific dimensions of RCI-10-PL and religious attitudes, ethical sensibility, and focus on the achievement of harmony in life, which confirms the external validity of the instrument. The results of the analysis conducted on Polish samples are similar to the results obtained from American samples.
Calcitriol Reverses Induced Expression of Efflux Proteins and Potentiates Cytotoxic Activity of Gemcitabine in Capan-2 Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Gilzad-Kohan Hamed , Sani Shabnam , Boroujerdi Mehdi
Published: September 2017

Purpose. Efflux and influx proteins play a major role in chemo-resistance by affecting the net cellular uptake of anti-cancer drugs. Hence, alteration of the efflux and influx protein expression may result in variations of chemotherapeutics uptake and consequently cell death rate. The present study investigated the effects of pre-treatment of capan-2 pancreatic cancer cells with calcitriol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or silibinin on the induction of three major efflux proteins and the main gemcitabine influx protein. The influence of the pre-treatments on the net cellular uptake of gemcitabine, total ATPase activity, and cell death rate were also evaluated. Methods. Capan-2 pancreatic cancer cells were pre-treated for 24 h with calcitriol, BHT, BHA, or silibinin, followed by gemcitabine treatment. The concentration of gemcitabine was quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized in order to investigate the expression of the mRNAs. The expression of the proteins was assessed using western blotting. Measurement of the ATPase activity was conducted utilizing a colorimetric method and viability of the cells was determined using a luminescent cell viability assay. Results. Protein expression studies showed that BHT, silibinin, and BHA increased expression of the efflux proteins and decreased the overall uptake of gemcitabine, whereas calcitriol significantly inhibited expression of the efflux proteins and increased gemcitabine uptake. Expression of specific mRNAs correlated reasonably well with the levels of corresponding proteins. Additionally, the expression of efflux proteins and ATPase activity were well correlated, signifying that the induced efflux proteins are functionally active. Moreover, pre-treatment with calcitriol resulted in a significant increase in cell death with gemcitabine treatment, whereas, BHA significantly reduced the cell death rate. On the other hand, pre-treatment with BHT and silibinin had no significant effect on the cell death rate. Conclusions. Pre-treatment of the pancreatic cancer cells with calcitriol significantly increased gemcitabine cellular uptake and consequently decreased cell viability after treatment with gemcitabine, whereas BHA significantly reduced gemcitabine uptake and decreased cell death rate, which were at least partially attributed to the alteration of expression of efflux and influx proteins. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.