bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SIMULATION OF THE MOUNTED IMPLEMENTS MOTION WHEN TILLING DEPTH VARIATION. OSCILLATIONS MATHEMATICAL MODEL
Authors: Донцов  , Dontsov Igor , Бартенев  , Bartenev Ivan , Лысыч  , Lysych Mikhail
Published: August 2017

The main criterion of the soil cultivation quality is tilling depth. The goal is to predict the trajectory of penetration and steady tool movement as well as the trajectory when hitting an obstacle and leaving it after the obstacle was hit. Factors that actively influence the trajectory can be the tractor motion speed, geometry and weightimplement and tiller tool. For this purpose on the basis of the number of hypotheses differential equation of front and rear mounted implements vibrations is composed relative to the tractor location in a vertical plane along the axis of its movement. In the hypothesis of the force interaction of toolswith soil main provisions proposed by Professor L.V. Gyachev are developed. Mechanical models of the mounted implement are built on the basis of simplifications. In particular, the position of tool at different movement moments is determined by some predetermined function of the generalized coordinate. For the generalized coordinate a rotational angle of the lower hitch links is selected. The pointed out dependence is named as the transmission function of the hitch. By setting in the differential equations of motion various external influences and by changing the power parameters of working bodies, it is possible to imitate changes of soil medium. Such mathematical models allow to simulate movement not only within real operation conditions but that is often more important, to simulate the tools operation in conditions that in practice cannot be created. This is achieved, for example, when we set very hard and long or set very light and short tools, very hard or very soft soil, etc. So you can more clearly see the new phenomena and trends that are difficult to suppose and impossible to see in the real conditions.As a result, new solutions to traditional problems appear.
DETERMINATION OF DYNAMIC LOADS IN TRANSMISSIONS TRACKED FOREST MACHINE WHILE OVERCOMING OBSTACLES
Authors: Клубничкин  , Klubnichkin Vladislav , Клубничкин  , Klubnichkin Evgeniy , Бухтояров  , Bukhtoyarov Leonid , Малюков  , Malyukov Sergey , Дручинин  , Druchinin Denis
Published: August 2017

The theoretical analysis of dynamic phenomena in transmission tracked forest machine is much more difficult in the absence of experimental data on the effects of the input characteristic of the machine. The most characteristic species in the transmission effects that arise under real operating conditions allow to evaluate the results of experimental studies, they also provide an opportunity to assess the quality of theoretical studies. To determine the loading of the transmission in the experiment involves the measurement of a number of kinematic and power parameters characterizing the speed and stress state of the transmission. In the course of the research used a special measuring equipment made in Germany includes the high-speed digital telemetry system for strain "TEL1-PCM-HS" company KMT. This article describes how to determine the dynamic load transmission elements tracked forest machine LZ-5 in overcoming individual barriers in experimental studies (tests). The paper presents a program of pilot studies tracked forest machine. Presented curves change the time settings on the final drives and cardan shaft, depending on the speed of the engine and drive sprockets in overcoming obstacles GLZM with different gears. histograms were constructed on the distribution of the torque transmission shafts for various modes of overcoming obstacles in order to analyze the influence of operational factors on the magnitude of dynamic loads. The article presents the distribution curve of the moments on the driven shaft final drive to overcome obstacles tracked forest machine with a pack assortments in the volume of 12m3. It was noted that there are no less than 20 times the dynamic point values, which exceed the estimated time for the overcoming of obstacles. From the studies that the transmission level of at least dynamic forces having height obstacles.
APPROACH TO MEASURING THE VALUE OF LANDSCAPED AREAS ON THE LANDS OF SETTLEMENTS
Authors: Прешкин  , Preshkin G. , Безрукова  , Bezrukova Tatyana
Published: August 2017

The article presents theoretical aspects of comprehensive evaluation of woody plantings on the territory of the settlements as ecological and social capital. Attention is focused on the need for legitimate responsibility of the municipality to communities for preserving and enhancing the ecological values of tree and shrub plantings on the residential sections of urban areas. For this methodological paradigm for the calculation of the cadastral value of green spaces in the municipal land of settlements shall include the need to strengthen the spectrum of legal protection of the values of the multifunctional beneficial properties. Unlike current practice, which includes only consumer properties of the material constituents of wood plantings, it is proposed to apply an integrated approach to the calculation of the cadastral value of public "green" capital, resulting in a significantly increase of its value. This will reduce the interest of developers in making close the objects of capital construction by clearing underbrush and ripening of wood plantings in the territory of municipal formations. Ecological value of stands and individual trees is considered as a basis for measuring the economic damage in the event of causing harm to them for any reason. As a tool for dynamic evaluation of the value of environmental assets, the authors propose to create models on the basis of modern methods of knowledge for making management decisions in the management system of prudent consumption and reproduction quality of the surrounding natural habitat in residential areas. The need for legal regulation of environmental security and measures for maintenance of standards of environmental status on land settlements authorities in the municipal boundaries is underlined. In this paper we propose a method of solving the problem of measuring the value of "green spaces" through the establishment of conceptual bases of definition of innovation standards for the use of methods of experimental studies of consumer properties of environmental assets. This problem is subject to further economic research, and is one of the urgent tasks of municipal economy.
MODELING OF PLANNED AND ACTUAL VALUES OF STRATEGIC INDICATORS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE VORONEZH REGION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE INDICATOR «LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN INDUSTRY»
Authors: Сухорукова  , Suhorukova Viktoriya , Яковлева  , Yakovleva Elena , Азарова  , Azarova Natalia
Published: August 2017

In the article the authors developed a modeling technique to achieve the planned and target values of indicators by monitoring the process of implementation of the "strategy of social and economic development of the Voronezh region", including identifying risks to their achievement by 2018, and 2020. The author's technique reflects the modeling of the rate of achievement of target indicators of social and economic development of the region. In each period, this method shows the ratio of planned and actual speeds. The actual speed may not be sufficient to achieve the goal that requires new organizational and resource decisions. The actual speed may be higher than projected, which requires examination and evaluation of the grounds for such advance to use it to accelerate social and economic development of the Voronezh region. The modeling technique is one of the key tools to bridge the "strategic gap" between the goals and practice of territorial administration. Its results are claimed in valid correction of values and strategic goals, choice (upgrading) measures to achieve them. The article proposes to monitor planned and actual values of target indicators in several stages, including calculation of the level of achievement of planned values of target indicators in the reporting period; identification of risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2018; identifying risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2020; analysis of internal and external risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2018; analysis of internal and external risks of not achieving target values of indicators by 2020. The proposed method will contribute to more accurate analysis of labour productivity in the region.
Oesophagogastric invagination
Authors: Zhang J , Guan Z , Zhang P
Published: August 2017

Oesophagogastric invagination is a relatively rare disease that is primarily caused by a sliding hiatal hernia. We report a successfully treated case of oesophagogastric invagination caused by achalasia. Oesophagogastric invagination should be considered in patients complaining of upper abdominal discomfort.
Cloning fashion: Uniform gay images in male apparel
Authors: Stines Steven
Published: August 2017

Fashion has often served as a signifier of masculinity, from baroque flamboyance to neoclassical simplicity. Gay men have used fashion to create a recognizable image, sometimes in imitation or exaggeration of aggressively heterosexual attire. Before Stonewall, the gay man was often identified as a ‘Pansy’. After the Second World War, the artist Tom of Finland began presenting a new image of gay men – happy, rambunctious and hypermasculine in appearance, coinciding with the development of biker culture and social groups of gay men who did not identify with the effeminate stereotype. With gay liberation came the ‘Clone’, a series of variations reflecting the concerns of gays, who co-opted apparel and grooming identified with traditionally ‘masculine’ men, including some viewed as oppressors. The 1970s Castro Clone provided a contrast to the disco look. During the 1980s, when men’s fashion took on an androgynous or self-conscious air, the ACT UP Clone originated with AIDS activists using clothes to make a socio-political statement. In the 1990s, gay men became more secure and self-expressive but, arguably, shallower. The new Chelsea Clone look focused on tight clothes on a muscular body, contrasting the weight loss associated with HIV. In the early twenty-first century, gay uniformity declined. A highly muscular physique was seen as the hallmark of the AIDS generation. Straight ‘Metrosexuals’ adopted gay style, and in reaction, gay men turned to a less-polished appearance, again emulating and at times parodying heterosexual male archetypes. As civil rights expand, the visual boundaries of clothing seem to be disappearing.
Identity and the imaginary: Rhetorics of menswear in literature and film
Authors: Kambara Kenneth M. , Deming John
Published: August 2017

We critically examine the use of menswear in literature and film as an expression of Weltanschauung, a view of the world by creatives in the literary and visual arts. While depictions and presentations of menswear serve as rhetorical devices in literature and film, this occurs within a sociocultural meaning system, where the creator not only captures elements of social realities but also serves to influence them. Our enquiry informs how taste is defined through the distinctions made in social processes involving cultural capital through creative production. This involves context-rich analyses of how menswear is used to craft identities and tropes embedded within a historicized imaginary that may have never even existed. Such an examination of menswear as an art form in media allows for a nuanced critical analysis of gender performativity and issues of trajectories of meanings over time. Our theoretical framework builds on the fashion system and cultural reproduction work of Roland Barthes and Pierre Bourdieu, respectively. We use several key case studies of twentieth-century authors and film projects to develop new theory that has implications for understanding menswear as an art form with societal significance, with implications for better understanding gender, identity, culture and the everyday praxis of individuals and institutions.
New issues on measurement of B-type natriuretic peptides
Authors: Clerico Aldo , Zaninotto Martina , Passino Claudio , Plebani Mario
Published: August 2017

The measurement of the active hormone of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) system actually has several analytical limitations and difficulties in clinical interpretations compared to that of inactive peptide N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) because of the different biochemical and pathophysiological characteristics of two peptides and quality specifications of commercial immunoassay methods used for their measurement. Because of the better analytical characteristics of NT-proBNP immunoassays and the easier pathophysiological and clinical interpretations of variations of NT-proBNP levels in patients with heart failure (HF), some authors claimed to measure the inactive peptide NT-proBNP instead of the active hormone BNP for management of HF patients. The measurement of the active peptide hormone BNP gives different, but complementary, pathophysiological and clinical information compared to inactive NT-proBNP. In particular, the setup of new more sensitive and specific assays for the biologically active peptide BNP1-32 should give better accurate information on circulating natriuretic activity. In conclusion, at present time, clinicians should accurately consider both the clinical setting of patients and the analytical characteristics of BNP and NT-proBNP immunoassays in order to correctly interpret the variations of natriuretic peptides measured by commercially available laboratory methods, especially in patients treated with the new drug class of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors.
Electrochemical investigation of corrosion and repassivation of structural aluminum alloys under permanent load in bending
Authors: Ferri Michele , Trueba Monica , Trasatti Stefano P. , Cabrini Marina , Conte Antonietta Lo
Published: August 2017

This work reports an electrochemical investigation of corrosion and repassivation in NaCl solutions of structural Al 7075-T6 and Al 2024-T3 as a function of permanent load in bending by means of single-cycle anodic polarization. Experimental variables other than the load level were the extent of corrosion, chloride ion concentration and initial pH of the test solution, in addition to the pre-exposure in the aggressive environment and of the viscosity of the test solution for Al 7075-T6. The susceptibility to local stress during corrosion and repassivation depends on the alloy microstructure and corrosion mechanisms. In the case of Al 2024-T3, the mechanical activation is driven by cathodically controlled dissolution of this alloy at open circuit in concentrated NaCl, being indicative of a chemomechanical effect. Conversely, for Al 7075-T6, the effect of applied load is better discerned from the repassivation response. Film rupture/formation sequence and related interfacial (electro)chemical processes determine the stress-enhanced metastable repassivation of this alloy.
On symplectic semifield spreads of PG(5,q
2),
q odd
Authors: Marino Giuseppe , Pepe Valentina
Published: August 2017

We prove that there exist exactly three non-equivalent symplectic semifield spreads of

PG
⁡

(
5
,

q
2

)

{\operatorname{PG}(5,q^{2})}

, for

q
2

>

2
⋅

3
8

{q^{2}>2\cdot 3^{8}}

odd, whose associated semifield has center containing

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

. Equivalently, we classify, up to isotopy, commutative semifields of order

q
6

{q^{6}}

, for

q
2

>

2
⋅

3
8

{q^{2}>2\cdot 3^{8}}

odd, with middle nucleus containing

𝔽

q
2

{\mathbb{F}_{q^{2}}}

and center containing

𝔽
q

{\mathbb{F}_{q}}

.
Positive solutions for nonlinear nonhomogeneous parametric Robin problems
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Repovš Dušan D.
Published: August 2017

We study a parametric Robin problem driven by a nonlinear nonhomogeneous differential operator and with a superlinear Carathéodory reaction term.
We prove a bifurcation-type theorem for small values of the parameter.
Also, we show that as the parameter

λ
>
0

{\lambda>0}

approaches zero, we can find positive solutions with arbitrarily big and arbitrarily small Sobolev norm.
Finally, we show that for every admissible parameter value, there is a smallest positive solution

u
λ
*

{u^{*}_{\lambda}}

of the problem, and we investigate the properties of the map

λ
↦

u
λ
*

{\lambda\mapsto u^{*}_{\lambda}}

.
FS-coalgebras and crossed coproducts
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Zhongwei , Zhang Liangyun
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we introduce FS-coalgebras, which provide solutions
of FS-equations and also solution of
braid equations considered by Caenepeel, Militaru and Zhu.
FS-coalgebras are constructed by using
FS-equations and Harrison cocycles.
As applications, we prove that every bialgebra
H is an FS-bialgebra if and only if there is a
two-sided integral α in

H
∗

{H^{\ast}}

such that

ε
⁢

(
α
)

=
1

{\varepsilon(\alpha)=1}

, and we show that
the crossed coproduct

H
R

{H^{R}}

introduced by the Harrison cocycle R is an
FS-coalgebra when

(
H
,
R
)

{(H,R)}

is a finite-dimensional quasitriangular Hopf
algebra or a Long copaired bialgebra.
The Use of PET-CT in Rheumatology
Authors: Ng Ray Sin-Ngai
Published: August 2017

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive imaging tool that gives quantitative measure of underlying inflammation. Computed tomography (CT) scan used in combination with PET further helps to delineate the anatomical structure. PET-CT can be helpful for the early diagnosis of rheumatic diseases by pattern recognition, but its role in disease monitoring still needs further evaluation. It is not a fast track solution for all because of different sensitivity and specificity to different diseases, relative high cost, and radiation exposure to the patients.
Language ideologies in a Uyghur comedy sketch: the comedy sketch Chüshenmidim ‘I don’t understand’ and the importance of Sap Uyghur
Authors: Cabras Giulia
Published: August 2017

Uyghur, a Turkic language spoken mostly in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China, is at present undergoing changes in usage. The spread of Standard Chinese promoted by the national government and the growing Han population are contributing to the Sinicization of Uyghur and shaping new language practices. Language-related issues are therefore a common topic in the Uyghur community, in intellectual discourse as well as in daily conversation. This article analyses a Uyghur comedy sketch entitled
Influence of topical iodine-containing antiseptics used during delivery on recall rate of congenital hypothyroidism screening program
Authors: Valizadeh Majid , Moezzi Farzaneh , Khavassi Zohreh , Movahedinia Mohammad , Mazloomzadeh Seideh , Mehran Ladan
Published: August 2017

Background:

The proportion of newborns recalled during neonatal screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) varies substantially by country and may be higher in settings where povodine iodine (PVP-I) is used during delivery. We assessed this hypothesis by substituting PVP-I for chlorhexidine (CHL) and evaluated the reduction in the recall rate of the Irainian newborn screening program.

Methods:

This study investigated 2282 neonates of mothers admitted to a local hospital for delivery between December 2012 and October 2013. We measured thyorid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in heel-prick blood specimens of infants, aged between 3 and 5 days, born to mothers who received PVP-I (phase I) and those who received CHL after withdrawal of PVP-I from obstetric procedures (phase II). Then we compared the median TSH levels and the recall rate based on a TSH level ≥5 mU/L.

Results:

Of 2282 cases, 1094 infants were born to mothers exposed to PVP-I during phase I (PVP-I group) and 1188 ones were born to mothers exposed to chlorhexidine in phase II (CHL group); 6.56% of the PVP-I group and 1.91% of the CHL group were recalled later during screening (p<0.001). The median TSH level was significantly higher in the PVP-I group compared to the CHL group (1.35 vs. 1.00, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

Replacement of iodine-containing antiseptics by iodine-free ones, during delivery resulted in a significant reduction in the recall rate of the Iranian screening program for CH.
Earnings Surprise, Portfolio Inertia and Stock Price Volatility
Authors: Huang Shunwu , Chang Wang , Zheng Lan
Published: August 2017

From the perspective of the mediation effect, this paper investigates whether institutional investors adjust their portfolios according to the listed companies earnings surprise. We find that the portfolio adjustments by institutional investors exert the mediation effect on the relationship between earnings surprise and stock price volatility. Institutional investors actively manage their portfolios in the rising market, which induces the stock price volatility; while they less adjust their portfolio in the falling market, the volatility declines. This paper helps understand the role of institutional investors in the fluctuation of stock prices, and provides a new basis for decision making of regulatory administration.
A New Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm Based on Differential Evolution
Authors: Zhang Dabin , Ye Jia , Zhou Zhigang , Luan Yuqi
Published: August 2017

In order to overcome the problem of low convergence precision and easily relapsing into local extremum in fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA), this paper adds the idea of differential evolution to fruit fly optimization algorithm so as to optimizing and a algorithm of fruit fly optimization based on differential evolution is proposed (FOADE). Adding the operating of mutation, crossover and selection of differential evolution to FOA after each iteration, which can jump out local extremum and continue to optimize. Compared to FOA, the experimental results show that FOADE has the advantages of better global searching ability, faster convergence and more precise convergence.
Weak convergence in a class of anisotropic Besov–Orlicz space
Authors: Ait Ouahra Mohamed , Sghir Aissa
Published: August 2017

The main result of this paper is a new tightness criterion in a class of anisotropic Besov–Orlicz spaces. This result generalizes those obtained by Boufoussi and Lakhel [
Early-Age Running Enhances Activity of Adult-Born Dentate Granule Neurons Following Learning in Rats
Authors: Shevtsova Olga , Tan Yao-Fang , Merkley Christina M. , Winocur Gordon , Wojtowicz J. Martin
Published: August 2017

Cognitive reserve, the brain’s capacity to draw on enriching experiences during youth, is believed to protect against memory loss associated with a decline in hippocampal function, as seen in normal aging and neurodegenerative disease. Adult neurogenesis has been suggested as a specific mechanism involved in cognitive (or neurogenic) reserve. The first objective of this study was to compare learning–related neuronal activity in adult-born versus developmentally born hippocampal neurons in juvenile male rats that had engaged in extensive running activity during early development or reared in a standard laboratory environment. The second objective was to investigate the long-term effect of exercise in rats on learning and memory of a contextual fear (CF) response later in adulthood. These aims address the important question as to whether exercise in early life is sufficient to build a reserve that protects against the process of cognitive aging. The results reveal a long-term effect of early running on adult-born dentate granule neurons and a special role for adult-born neurons in contextual memory, in a manner that is consistent with the neurogenic reserve hypothesis.
Women's Lives, Well-Being, and Community
Authors: O'Neill Maggie , Mansaray Susan , Haaken Janice
Published: August 2017

This paper discusses a participatory arts-based research project undertaken with a refugee support organization in the United Kingdom, the Regional Refugee Forum North East (RRFNE), and a local women's group. The project used photography, storytelling, and walking methods to explore ways of seeing women's lived experiences, well-being, and sense of community in the context of their lives in the North East of England. Arts-based biographical methods, predominantly photo-walks, were undertaken within a participatory action research frame. Together the women cocreated a collective story that involved collaborative knowledge production as well as corporeal attunement and empathic witnessing through walking their stories of living in the North East of England.
The Nature and Nurture of Musical Consonance
Authors: Bowling Daniel L. , Hoeschele Marisa , Gill Kamraan Z. , Fitch W. Tecumseh
Published: August 2017

In a recent Nature paper, McDermott et al. (2016) conclude that the perception of consonance arises from familiarity with the conventions of Western harmonic music and is relatively unconstrained by auditory neurobiology. We refute this idea, citing cross-cultural, developmental and comparative evidence to the contrary, and raising concerns over McDermott et al.'s methodology. We conclude that although familiarity plays an important role in shaping tonal preferences, it must not be cast in opposition to clear biological constraints. Biology and culture (nature and nurture) interact to shape how we experience music, and theories that neglect the former do so at their peril.
Real-Time Responses to Stravinsky’s Symphonies of Wind Instruments
Authors: Wen Olivia Xin , Krumhansl Carol Lynne
Published: August 2017

This experiment was designed to address factors that make repetition of musical themes within a piece recognizable, and to explore the relationship between internal repetition and musical interest. Thirty-seven participants of varied levels of music training listened to Stravinsky’s Symphoniesof Wind Instruments twice and responded to the music in real time. During the first listening, they continuously rated their level of interest and at the same time mentally identified the major themes. During the second listening, they indicated when they heard the major themes repeating. One theme was especially well recognized when repeated. It was relatively short, slow, began and ended with a predictable pattern, occurred relatively early in the piece, and was interspersed with other themes. Another theme stood out in the interest ratings, which was relatively long, fast, sometimes repeated immediately with a build-up of instrumentation and dynamics, and occurred later in the piece. In general, themes judged interesting were not those that were easily identified when repeated, suggesting these are independent aspects of this composition. No effect of music training was found. Extensive analyses of Stravinsky’s Symphonies consider how the themes are repeated and interwoven. The experimental results confirmed the musical attributes considered in these analyses.
The Repeated Recording Illusion
Authors: Anglada-Tort Manuel , Müllensiefen Daniel
Published: August 2017

The repeated recording illusion refers to the phenomenon in which listeners believe to hear different musical stimuli while they are in fact identical. The present paper aims to construct an experimental paradigm to enable the systematic measurement of this phenomenon, investigating potentially related extrinsic and individual difference factors. Participants were told to listen to “different” musical performances of an original piece when in fact they were exposed to the same repeated recording. Each time, the recording was accompanied by a text suggesting a low, medium, or high prestige of the performer. Most participants (75%) believed that they had heard different musical performances. Participants with high levels of neuroticism and openness were significantly more likely to fall for the illusion. While the explicit information presented with the music influenced participants’ ratings significantly, the effect of repeated exposure was only significant in the more familiar music condition. These results suggest that like many other human judgments, evaluations of music also rely on cognitive biases and heuristics that do not depend on the stimuli themselves. The repeated recording illusion can constitute a useful paradigm for investigating nonmusical factors because it allows for the study of their effects while the music remains the same.
Germline mutation contribution to chromosomal instability
Authors: Chan Sock Hoai , Ngeow Joanne
Published: August 2017

Genomic instability is a feature of cancer that fuels oncogenesis through increased frequency of genetic disruption, leading to loss of genomic integrity and promoting clonal evolution as well as tumor transformation. A form of genomic instability prevalent across cancer types is chromosomal instability, which involves karyotypic changes including chromosome copy number alterations as well as gross structural abnormalities such as transversions and translocations. Defects in cellular mechanisms that are in place to govern fidelity of chromosomal segregation, DNA repair and ultimately genomic integrity are known to contribute to chromosomal instability. In this review, we discuss the association of germline mutations in these pathways with chromosomal instability in the background of related cancer predisposition syndromes. We will also reflect on the impact of genetic predisposition to clinical management of patients and how we can exploit this vulnerability to promote catastrophic genomic instability as a therapeutic strategy.
The impact of IUGR on pancreatic islet development and β-cell function
Authors: Boehmer Brit H , Limesand Sean W , Rozance Paul J
Published: August 2017

Placental insufficiency is a primary cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) throughout life, which indicates that insults from placental insufficiency impair β-cell development during the perinatal period because β-cells have a central role in the regulation of glucose tolerance. The severely IUGR fetal pancreas is characterized by smaller islets, less β-cells, and lower insulin secretion. Because of the important associations among impaired islet growth, β-cell dysfunction, impaired fetal growth, and the propensity for T2DM, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of IUGR and programing events in the fetal endocrine pancreas. Animal models of IUGR replicate many of the observations in severe cases of human IUGR and allow us to refine our understanding of the pathophysiology of developmental and functional defects in islet from IUGR fetuses. Almost all models demonstrate a phenotype of progressive loss of β-cell mass and impaired β-cell function. This review will first provide evidence of impaired human islet development and β-cell function associated with IUGR and the impact on glucose homeostasis including the development of glucose intolerance and diabetes in adulthood. We then discuss evidence for the mechanisms regulating β-cell mass and insulin secretion in the IUGR fetus, including the role of hypoxia, catecholamines, nutrients, growth factors, and pancreatic vascularity. We focus on recent evidence from experimental interventions in established models of IUGR to understand better the pathophysiological mechanisms linking placental insufficiency with impaired islet development and β-cell function.
Characterization of the human thyroid epigenome
Authors: Siu Celia , Wiseman Sam , Gakkhar Sitanshu , Heravi-Moussavi Alireza , Bilenky Misha , Carles Annaick , Sierocinski Thomas , Tam Angela , Zhao Eric , Kasaian Katayoon , Moore Richard A , Mungall Andrew J , Walker Blair , Thomson Thomas , Marra Marco A , Hirst Martin , Jones Steven J M
Published: August 2017

The thyroid gland, necessary for normal human growth and development, functions as an essential regulator of metabolism by the production and secretion of appropriate levels of thyroid hormone. However, assessment of abnormal thyroid function may be challenging suggesting a more fundamental understanding of normal function is needed. One way to characterize normal gland function is to study the epigenome and resulting transcriptome within its constituent cells. This study generates the first published reference epigenomes for human thyroid from four individuals using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq. We profiled six histone modifications (H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27ac, H3K36me3, H3K9me3, H3K27me3), identified chromatin states using a hidden Markov model, produced a novel quantitative metric for model selection and established epigenomic maps of 19 chromatin states. We found that epigenetic features characterizing promoters and transcription elongation tend to be more consistent than regions characterizing enhancers or Polycomb-repressed regions and that epigenetically active genes consistent across all epigenomes tend to have higher expression than those not marked as epigenetically active in all epigenomes. We also identified a set of 18 genes epigenetically active and consistently expressed in the thyroid that are likely highly relevant to thyroid function. Altogether, these epigenomes represent a powerful resource to develop a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular biology of thyroid function and provide contextual information of thyroid and human epigenomic data for comparison and integration into future studies.
PARAMETER POPULASI UDANG DOGOL (Metapenaeus ensis) DAN UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) DI LAUT ARAFURA
Authors: Suman Ali , Prisantoso Budi Iskandar , Kembaren Duranta D.
Published: August 2017

Sumber daya udang di perairan Arafura merupakan salah satu modal menuju kemakmuran bagi bangsa, apabila dikelola secara berkelanjutan. Kajian dinamika populasi udang, merupakan salah satu dasar utama dalam merumuskan pengelolaan tersebut menuju pemanfaatan sumber daya yang lestari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi udang dogol dan udang windu di perairan Arafura dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2013 sampai dengan Nopember 2013 dan analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan FAO-ICLARM Fisheris Stok Assessment Tools (FISAT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan (K) udang dogol sebagai 1,33 per tahun dan panjang karapas maksimum (L) sebagai 52,0 mm. Untuk udang windu didapatkan nilai K sebagai 1,45 per tahun dan nilai L sebagai 62,5 mm. Laju kematian total (Z) udang dogol sebagai 4,79 per tahun, laju kematian karena penangkapan (F) dan laju kematian alami (M) masing-masing 2,91 per tahun dan 1,88 per tahun. Untuk udang windu didapatkan nilai Z sebagai 6,13 per tahun, nilai F dan nilai M masing-masing 4,24 dan 1,89 per tahun. Laju pengusahaan (E) udang dogol 0,61 per tahun dan nilai E udang windu sebagai 0,69 per tahun. Tingkat pemanfaatan sudah berada dalam tahapan overfishing dan perlu dilakukan pengurangan jumlah upaya 22% untuk udang dogol dan 38% untuk udang windu.Shrimp resources within Arafura Sea if under sustainably management it would contribute a significant role as a source of nation welfare. Scientific advice on population dynamic are required as an input to support an apropriate fisheries management. The purpose of the study was to identify population parameters of the endeavour shrimp and tiger shrimp in Arafura Sea. Study on the population dynamic of endeavour shrimp and king tiger prawn were conducted in Arafura Sea based on data collected during period of survey, January 2013 to November 2013. The analysis is using the FAO-ICLAM Fisheries Stock Assessment Tools (FiSAT). Result showed that the growth parameter of endeavour shrimp was 1.33/year with maximum carapace length (L) of 52.0 mm. Instantenous total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 4.79/year and 1.88/year, respectively. While fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) of endeavour shrimp respectively were 2.91/year and 0.61/year. The growth parameter of king tiger prawn was 1.45/year with maximum carapace length (L) of 62.5 mm. Instantenous total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 6.13/year and 1.89/year, respectively. While fishing mortality (F) and exploitation rate (E) of king tiger prawn respectively were 4.24/year and 0.69/year. The exploitation rate of endeavour shrimp and king tiger prawn in Arafura Sea was overfishing. It was, therefore, recommended that fishing effort of 22% the endeavour shrimp and 38% king tiger prawn in that waters should be reduced in the next year.
Langues de France et Charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires: inventaire critique des arguments anti-ratification (2014-2015) [Languages of France and the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]
Authors: Roger Geoffrey , de Bres Julia
Published: August 2017

The deliberations in France surrounding the potential ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (from January 2014 to October 2015) resulted in a national debate unheard of since 1999, providing new insight into resistance towards promoting these languages in the public space. Despite a recent survey claiming that ‘the ideological barriers on this issue have now almost disappeared’, the virulent arguments opposing ratification eventually triumphed in the Senate. Basing ourselves on comments published in the media by a range of opponents to ratification of the Charter, we review here the various ideological strategies used to preserve the linguistic status quo in France and to maintain the supremacy of French.
MUDANÇA ORGANIZACIONAL: um estudo de caso na indústria farmacêutica
Authors: Silva Roberta Krenski
Published: August 2017

A análise do comportamento dos colaboradores em períodos de mudança organizacional é algo essencial para gestores dentro do meio corporativo. A gestão da mudança com foco em tecnologia da informação é um tema amplo e atual. Mudar processos administrativos e a maneira como eles são executados através de Sistemas de Informação requernão somente habilidade técnica dos envolvidos, mas também, apoio e planejamento por parte das organizações. Desta forma, buscou-se compreender qual era a percepção dos colaboradores de uma indústria farmacêutica de Porto Alegre frente ao processo de mudança, decorrente da migração do sistema de gestão ERP do fornecedor TOTVS Datasul para o da SAP. Objetivando entender este problema, tanto peloolhar destes colaboradores quanto pelo de um gestor de área, foram necessárias a compreensão de quais foram as reações encontradas neste período e dos pontos que seriam determinantes para o sucesso durante a mudança organizacional. Para atingir estes objetivos, utilizaram-sedois instrumentos de pesquisa: um aplicado aos colaboradores e o outro, ao gestor. Ao final desta pesquisa, constatou-se que as organizações necessitam atentar para as pessoas em períodos de mudança, pois, para atingir o resultado almejado, é necessário que os colaboradores desempenhem as atividades estipuladas. Além da percepção de que são imprescindíveis as máquinas para cumprir os processos, por detrás delas, há pessoas que têm angústias e medos e que se veem ameaçadas pela velocidade com que as informações mudam.
The Visual Chief Concern: Teaching Learners to Read Hand Gestures to Solve Confusing Cases
Authors: Mitchell Julie , MacKinney Theodore
Published: August 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Doctors in training are often challenged by clinical cases which don't seem to make sense. In describing pain episodes, patients will sometimes use hand gestures as part of their communication. Hand gestures are more likely used in clinical settings when words are hard to find, when spatial representation is important, where there are language difficulties, and when it is the most important thing the patient says. The hand gestures are perhaps most important for the learner to observe when they are discordant with what the patient is saying.When the hand gestures gives different information than the verbal message, it is often the hand gesture that provides critical diagnostic information. These spontaneous, meaningful, explanatory gestures can be so useful for the clinician, that we give it the term the Visual Chief Concern. The Visual Chief Concern is distinguished from other non-verbal communication that add intensity and emotion to words. The Visual Chief Concern is an additional tool for experienced clinician and trainee alike.
Progress of research into cotton straw and corn straw cement-based building materials in China
Authors: Yu Tao , Ren Yizhe , Guo Zhensheng , Chen Xiao , Chen Jinxiang , Elbashiry Elsafi Mohamed Adam
Published: August 2017

This paper reviews the development of cotton straw and corn straw cement-based materials in China. With the use of unmodified straw fibres, the compressive strength of the cement-based material decreases with an increase in corn and cotton straw content, but the rate of decrease is considerably lower than that of wheat and rice straw, mainly because of differences in the strength of the straw. The incorporation of fly ash, urea formaldehyde resin and other materials can effectively improve the mechanical and thermal insulation properties of mixed-type building materials. Three methods of modification are proposed – alkali treatment, grafting treatment and direct addition of a modifier. A multiple linear regression equation between mechanical properties and the content of the main components of the cotton straw cement-based materials is obtained, which provides a theoretical basis to predict and design cement-based block materials. Finally, to address the problems of the mix type (difficult stirring, slow hardening, and energy demands and environmental pollution during the modification process), the concept of a composite-type bionic straw cement-based building material is introduced, which provides direction towards the development of new bionic light straw materials.
Behaviour and design of high-strength steel cross-sections under combined loading
Authors: Gkantou Michaela , Theofanous Marios , Wang Jie , Baniotopoulos Charalampos , Gardner Leroy
Published: August 2017

The behaviour of hot-rolled high-strength steel (HSS) tubular sections under combined compression and uniaxial bending was investigated both experimentally and numerically. The experimental programme encompassed a series of material coupon tests, initial geometric imperfection measurements, residual stress measurements and 12 tests on stub columns subjected to uniaxial eccentric compression. Numerical models were developed and validated against the experimental results. An extensive parametric study was then performed with the aim of generating further structural performance data over a wider range of cross-section slendernesses, aspect ratios and applied eccentricities. The results were utilised for an assessment of the applicability of relevant Eurocode provisions to HSS cross-sections under combined loading. Conclusions regarding the applicability of Eurocode interaction curves to S460 and S690 square and rectangular hollow sections are presented.
Finite-element analysis of steel shear walls with low-yield-point steel web plates
Authors: Shahi Naser , Adibrad Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2017

Over the past three decades the steel shear wall system has been used to resist lateral loads, especially in high-rise buildings in the USA and Japan. One way to improve the performance of the system is to use different materials. This study involved finite-element analysis of steel shear walls under periodic and uniform loads, with low-yield-point steel used for the web plate and conventional steel selected for the boundary beams and columns. The aim was to achieve a system with effective web-plate performance that did not require stiffeners. The effect of system dimensions, beam stiffness, frame column and web-plate thickness on the periodic and uniform behaviour of the system was observed. It is revealed that steel shear walls with low-yield-point steel web plates exhibit better resistance to cyclic loads with more force absorption by the web plate compared to a conventional steel. Good accordance was found between numerical and theoretical values in the low-yield-point infill system, and excellent deformation capacity was shown.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PSICOLOGIA DA APRENDIZAGEM E SUAS TEORIAS PARA O CAMPO DO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: PRADO NETTO ARTHUR , COSTA ORLANDO SANTANA
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir e analisar as Teorias Behavioristas e cognitivistas, suas principais influências na educação com foco conceitual nas concepções teóricas sobre ensino-aprendizagem. Com isso, buscaremos situar estas teorias para o desenvolvimento da Psicologia da Educação, refletindo sobre as implicações de tais concepções teóricas na prática pedagógica.
ANÁLISE DE CONTINGÊNCIAS DE ORIENTAÇÕES EM INTERVENÇÕES CLÍNICAS COMPORTAMENTAIS
Authors: DONADONE JULIANA CRISTINA , MEYER SONIA BEATRIZ
Published: August 2017

Estudos anteriormente conduzidos pelas autoras não encontraram
determinantes da formulação de novas regras em intervenções clínicas
comportamentais para promover mudanças. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi
verificar quais as variáveis responsáveis pela emissão de regras
(orientações) em 81 sessões de terapia analítico-comportamental. As
variáveis analisadas foram experiência terapêutica, antecedentes e
consequentes das orientações, temas e motivação. Resultados mostraram
que episódios de orientação foram identificados nas 81 sessões,
ocupando em média um terço das sessões dos terapeutas experientes e um
quarto das sessões dos terapeutas pouco experientes. Tipicamente os
clientes relatavam uma situação, o terapeuta intervinha sem
orientações, clientes mostravam dificuldade em assumir
responsabilidade, enfrentar e avaliar seus comportamentos nessas
situações, sendo então orientados. Os antecedentes da orientação eram
predominantemente solicitação de reflexão e interpretação e o
consequente mais comum era a concordância do cliente. Houve pouca
relação entre tema abordado e orientação; clientes motivados receberam
mais orientações que os desmotivados e resistentes. Foram obtidos
índices de concordância juiz-pesquisador satisfatórios indicando
validade externa. Futuras pesquisas devem ser realizadas para
correlacionar o uso de regras e os resultados das intervenções
clínicas comportamentais.
ARTE E EDUCAÇÃO: NARRATIVA DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA VIVIDA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM PROJETO DE PESQUISA
Authors: GONÇALVES CARLEN FONSECA , ABREU BERNARDES SUELI TERESINHA DE
Published: August 2017

Este texto narra a experiência vivida em uma pesquisa de mestrado na área de Educação, desde os passos para elaboração do projeto até o momento atual da investigação. Considerando que são poucas as publicações sobre vivências dessa natureza, propõe-se contribuir para pensar a construção de uma pesquisa interdisciplinar que relaciona a arte fotográfica e a educação. Nesse sentido, realiza-se um diálogo com a prática, refletindo-se sobre a trajetória percorrida. Além das etapas de construção do projeto, alguns resultados iniciais são apresentados.
CORPOS QUE ENSINAM: UMA ETNOGRAFIA DE PROFESSORAS DE BALÉ CLÁSSICO
Authors: ABREU FERNANDA FERREIRA DE
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar, com base em dados etnográficos levantados por meio de observação participante em academias de dança de Niterói (RJ) e entrevistas com professoras de balé clássico, a construção da corporalidade dessas professoras, tendo em vista possíveis fatores de influência no desempenho em sala de aula, tal como a faixa etária. A ênfase recai na corporalidade de quem transmite a técnica, o que normalmente fica em segundo plano.