bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inauguracja prac Ośrodka Badań nad Kulturą Ormiańską w Polsce przy Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie
Authors: Zięba Andrzej A.
Published: February 2020

Inauguration of the Research Centre for Armenian Culture in Poland as a part of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow

The inauguration of the Research Centre for Armenian Culture took place on January 21, 2019 at the Collegium Maius of the Jagiellonian University in Krakow.The Centre was founded on the basis of old and contemporary achievements of Kraków armenologists and armenists. They were accompanied by the constant interest of Polish Armenians – from Kraków, Warsaw, Gdańsk, Lower and Upper Silesia. Such support was invaluable in the efforts to create the Centre, because it demonstrated not only the scientific but also the social need for research in this field. In this atmosphere, in recent years, important initiatives for Polish armenology were born – the magazine Lehahayer, devoted to the history of Polish Armenians, financially supported by the Lanckoroński Foundation, the Jagiellonian University and the Gumiński Foundation (this year, the 6th edition will be released), and a series of archival sources, Historical Monuments of Polish Armenians, implemented under the care of the Foundation for Culture and Heritage of Polish Armenians thanks to a grant from the National Humanities Development Program. In organizational terms, however, these activities were semi-private or, so to speak, partisan. They were institutionalized when the Centre was founded.
La construcción social de las manifestaciones del patrimonio cultural inmaterial bogotano. Una búsqueda mediante la prensa local (1810-1948)
Authors: Salge Ferro Manuel
Published: February 2020

El artículo presenta un conjunto de relatos que sirven como fuentes documentales para caracte­rizar los modos de ser, las manifestaciones y las prácticas de los bogotanos para el xix y la primera mitad del xx. Se busca aportar insumos para la reflexión sobre el patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la ciudad y complementar el análisis que se ha hecho sobre los personajes y grupos humanos, la apropiación de los lugares, el mobiliario y los servicios públicos, los tipos y modos de alimen­tación; los festejos, las celebraciones y el manejo del tiempo libre. Para lo cual, se parte de la idea de que el patrimonio es una construcción social e histórica que produce memorias compartidas e incuba sentimientos de pertenencia. El artículo utiliza la prensa escrita de circulación local como fuente de análisis, por ser un dispositivo que genera y reproduce discursos sobre lo cotidiano.
An Ellipsoidal Bounding Scheme for the Quasi-Clique Number of a Graph
Authors: Miao Zhuqi , Balasundaram Balabhaskar
Published: February 2020

A γ-quasi-clique in a simple undirected graph refers to a subset of vertices that induces a subgraph with edge density at least γ. When γ equals one, this definition corresponds to a classical clique. When γ is less than one, it relaxes the requirement of all possible edges by the clique definition. Quasi-clique detection has been used in graph-based data mining to find dense clusters, especially in large-scale error-prone data sets in which the clique model can be overly restrictive. The maximum γ-quasi-clique problem, seeking a γ-quasi-clique of maximum cardinality in the given graph, can be formulated as an optimization problem with a linear objective function and a single quadratic constraint in binary variables. This article investigates the Lagrangian dual of this formulation and develops an upper-bounding technique using the geometry of ellipsoids to bound the Lagrangian dual. The tightness of the upper bound is compared with those obtained from multiple mixed-integer programming formulations of the problem via experiments on benchmark instances.
As redes sociais e a construção dos antagonismos: a imigração brasileira em Portugal representada em comentários do Facebook
Authors: Valle-Nunes Luiz Henrique
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo visa analisar a representação dos atores sociais em discursos sobre a imigração brasileira em Portugal, tendo em vista os eixos da referenciação nominal, da dêixis pessoal, da manifestação de topoi, da intertextualidade e da interdiscursividade, a partir de uma abordagem baseada nos Estudos Críticos do Discurso (KhosraviNik & Unger 2016; Van Dijk 1984, 2006, 2018; Wodak 2001; e.o.). Para a sua realização, foram selecionados 143 comentários públicos de páginas de jornais portugueses no Facebook, coletados entre 29 de agosto de 2018 e 30 de abril de 2019, com conteúdos que apresentaram manifestações de Othering. Após o tratamento e análise qualitativa destes dados, concluiu-se que este tipo de discurso, ao realizar-se numa plataforma altamente interativa, apresenta relações com as agendas destes geradores de conteúdo e tem por fim outros intuitos implícitos, tais como o impacto em termos interacionais e a amplificação das ideologias do grupo de pertencimento.The current study aims to analyse the representation of social actors in discourses about Brazilian immigration in Portugal, taking into account nominal reference, personal deixis, topoi manifestation, intertextuality and interdiscursivity, based on the Critical Discourse Studies' approach (KhosraviNik & Unger 2016; Van Dijk 1984, 2006, 2018; Wodak 2001; e.o.). For sampling, 143 public comments of pages of Portuguese newspapers on Facebook were collected between August 2018 and April 2019, all of which presented Othering-related content. After treatment and qualitative data analysis, it was possible to conclude that this type of discourse, once on a highly interactive platform, present close relation to agendas of content generators, having other implicit goals such as the impact on audience interaction and the amplification of in-group ideologies.
Apresentação
Authors: Medeiros Fernanda , Arantes Poliana
Published: February 2020

Apresentação da edição 49
Geopolítica de Brasil e Argentina: Percepções sobre a América do Sul e as Relações Bilaterais
Authors: Grassi Jéssica Maria
Published: February 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo, por um lado, analisar as concepções da geopolítica brasileira e as mudanças nos papéis atribuídos à América do Sul e à Argentina e, por outro lado, explorar a geopolítica argentina, de modo a identificar as mudanças nas perspectivas relativas à América do Sul e ao Brasil. Esse estudo é motivado pela identificação histórica e mútua de Brasil e Argentina como rivais e a transformação ocorrida após 1980, quando os dois países consolidaram uma importante parceria estratégica, a qual foi fundamental para o aprofundamento da integração sul-americana. Desse modo, a técnica de pesquisa utilizada é a bibliográfica, sendo este um estudo exploratório e qualitativo que não pretende fazer uma comparação entre os pensamentos geopolíticos dos dois países ao longo do período analisado, mas abordar aspectos relevantes para se compreender as mudanças na identificação mútua dos vizinhos sul-americanos e em sua geopolítica.Palavras-chave: Rivalidade, parceria estratégica, Bacia do Prata.ABSTRACTThe article aims, on one hand, to analyze the conceptions of Brazilian geopolitics and the changes in the roles attributed to South America and Argentina; and, on the other hand, to explore the Argentine geopolitics, in order to identify the changes in the perspectives regarding South America and Brazil. This research is motivated by the historical and mutual identification between Brazil and Argentina as rivals and the transformation that occurred after 1980, when both countries consolidated an important strategic partnership, which was fundamental for the deepening of South American integration. Therefore, it is used the bibliographic research technique. Also, this is an exploratory and qualitative study that does not intend to make a comparison between the geopolitical thoughts of the two countries over the analyzed period; but deal with relevant aspects to understand the changes in the mutual identification of the two South American neighbors and in their geopolitics.Keywords: Rivalry, strategic partnership, Prata’s River Basin. Recebido em: 16 jan. 2020 | Aceito em: 23 jan. 2020.
Direito, desenvolvimento sustentável e a exploração energética do gás de xisto no Brasil
Authors: Santos Thiago Flores dos , Araujo Liane Maria Santiago Cavalcante , Freitas Ana Carla Pinheiro
Published: February 2020

A produção energética através da exploração econômica do gás de xisto tem sido objeto de intenso debate no Brasil, especialmente, no que diz respeito aos impactos sociais e ambientais que esse tipo de atividade pode ocasionar. Por meio deste trabalho analisou-se as metodologias e impactos resultantes da exploração do gás de xisto, com base nas experiências de outros países, bem como, abordou-se sob a ótica do desenvolvimento sustentável os instrumentos normativos e rodadas de licitações que vem sendo implementadas no país que com o objetivo de viabilizar-se o exercício dessa atividade econômica. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e foram adotados os métodos analítico e descritivo para a abordagem da problemática proposta. Como resultado ficou demonstrado que as iniciativas do Poder Público, por meio da Agência Nacional do Petróleo – ANP, para a exploração do gás de xisto no Brasil não estão sendo realizadas com plena observância dos postulados e princípios previstos no art. 225 da Constituição. O presente estudo contribui para uma reflexão crítica acerca da exploração energética do gás de xisto no Brasil, levando-se em consideração os possíveis impactos que podem advir desse processo e o dever constitucional de manutenção do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado.
A constitucionalidade da desapropriação judicial
Authors: Fagundes André
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo ocupa-se fundamentalmente do exame da constitucionalidade do instituto da desapropriação judicial (previsto no art. 1.228, §§ 4º e 5º, do Código Civil).  Para tanto, analisa algumas questões que envolveram a sua concepção e a identificação de sua natureza jurídica. Igualmente, faz análises doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais acerca da funcionalização e do regime jurídico-constitucional da propriedade. Ao final, demonstra-se a conformidade desse instrumento sustentável de regularização de núcleos urbanos informais consolidados com a ordem constitucional.
Identidade entre permissão e parceria público-privada patrocinada no transporte público urbano municipal? análise de contratos do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Campinas.
Authors: Bergamaschi Arthur Colombo , Mastrodi Josué
Published: February 2020

Analisando as permissões de transporte público urbano das cidades de Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Campinas, depreende-se que as permissões têm o mesmo efeito prático das parcerias público-privadas patrocinadas, atinentes ao subsídio estatal na contraprestação; posto isso, consubstanciou-se um limbo jurídico dos institutos na praxe administrativa. Objetiva-se identificar esta igualdade terminológica e propor relações administrativas seguras e eficazes. Utiliza-se o método documental e bibliográfico. Entrementes, esmiuçado os contratos, sedimenta-se o tímido reconhecimento doutrinário da igualdade entre permissão condicionada e parceria público-privada patrocinada na praxe administrativa, concluindo a mutação (in)evolutiva da permissão a longa data símiles ou idênticos a outros institutos, in casu, concessão e parceria público-privada patrocinada respectivamente.
Regulação jurídica, meio ambiente e energia: desafios e oportunidades da geração distribuída em áreas urbanas
Authors: Papp Leonardo
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar reflexões (iniciais) acerca da relação entre meio ambiente, produção de energia e regulação jurídica, aplicadas ao contexto específico das denominadas microgeração e minigeração, como modalidades de geração distribuída de energia que podem ser implantadas em áreas urbanas. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica acerca do assunto, o artigo aborda (i) as vantagens da adoção de tais iniciativas, no que se refere à mitigação de impactos ambientais, (ii) o marco legal atualmente vigente para tais instrumentos, (iii) o potencial de crescimento e ampliação de sua utilização, (iv) além de serem apresentados alguns apontamentos iniciais sobre como a legislação (Direito), na forma atualmente estruturada no sistema legal brasileiro, pode ajudar (ou atrapalhar) a consecução de tais benefícios em termos concretos. Ao final, conclui-se que a geração distribuída em áreas urbanas é ferramenta importante para a compatibilização entre proteção ambiental e produção de energia, cuja efetivação está diretamente associada à sua adequada disciplina jurídica, notadamente no que se refere à articulação das inciativas de regulação oriundas de todos os entes públicos envolvidos.
Il contratto di rete tra imprese nella legislazione italiana: rete strutturata e non strutturata tra luci e ombre a dieci anni dalla a sua introduzione
Authors: Ceolin Matteo
Published: February 2020

L’introduzione della fattispecie del contratto di rete nell’ordinamento giuridico italiano si deve al d.l. 10.2.2009, n. 5; nel giro di pochi anni la normativa ha subito diversi aggiustamenti e modifiche (d.l. 31.5.2010, n. 78, convertito nella l. 30.7.2010, n. 122; d.l. 21.6.2012, n. 83, convertito nella l. 7.8.2012, n. 134) assestandosi infine nel testo oggi vigente.Il contratto di rete ha come scopo generale quello di favorire la crescita, individuale e collettiva, della capacità innovativa e della competitività sul mercato delle imprese che ne fanno parte. A tal fine le imprese si obbligano, sulla base di un programma comune di rete: a collaborare in forme e in ambiti predeterminati attinenti all’esercizio delle proprie imprese; a scambiarsi informazioni o prestazioni di natura industriale, commerciale, tecnica o tecnologica; ad esercitare in comune una o più attività rientranti nell’oggetto della propria impresa. Benché introdotto per far fronte ad un momento storico in cui l’economia globale si trovava in una situazione alquanto particolare (e sul punto non può essere sottaciuta l’assist delle agevolazioni fiscali fornito dal legislatore nei primi anni di vigenza) l’istituto, al di là delle contingenze del momento, ha registrato un notevole sviluppo e successo nella prassi.
Conectar o imperativo categórico de Immanuel Kant, a justiça como equidade de John Rawls, e a obra Ética e Sociologia da Moral de Émile Durkeim - uma construção possível
Authors: Rangel Raphael Maia
Published: February 2020

Este breve ensaio tentou construir o entendimento de que o Imperativo Categórico de Kant está muito mais próximo da Justiça com Equidade de Rawls do que maioria dos estudos costumam retratar e isso se apresenta em decorrência da mutabilidade da moral defendida por Durkeim, logo a obra de Kant compreendeu a moral retratada no contexto da década de 1780, enquanto a de Rawls retratou a década de 1960, assim as diferentes compreensões sobre o livre-arbítrio de tais filósofos e a forma de absorver os impulsos sensíveis do ser humano são questões inferiores ao contexto histórico de tais obras do que a compreensão da mutabilidade da moral.
Direito como integridade: um caminho garantista contra o ativismo judicial
Authors: Bezerra Sá Alexandre Santos , Eduardo Araruna Santiago Nestor , Rocha Dias Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo apontar saídas para os excessos cometidos pelos juízes na prestação jurisdicional, buscando um caminho que não diminua a atribuição que a Constituição Federal brasileira reservou ao Poder Judiciário. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica e dos referenciais teóricos de Luigi Ferrajoli, Hans-Georg Gadamer e de Ronald Dworkin, analisam-se as características fundamentais do garantismo e do ativismo, dentro de uma perspectiva hermenêutica, além da concepção do Direito como Integridade. A partir da adequada compreensão dessas questões, busca-se um ponto de equilíbrio na atividade judicial, compatível com o Estado Democrático de Direito. Conclui-se que a teoria do Direito como Integridade de Ronald Dworkin é o caminho a ser perseguido pelos juízes para a concretização, sem excessos, de suas competências constitucionais.
UMA ABORDAGEM SOCIOLÓGICA DO PLURALISMO JURÍDICO: A TESE DA CONJUNÇÃO POLISSISTÊMICA SIMULTÂNEA DE ANDRÉ-JEAN ARNAUD
Authors: Villas Bôas Filho Orlando
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem o intuito de ressaltar a importância da teoria da “polysystémie simultanée”, formulada por André-Jean Arnaud, para a descrição do fenômeno do pluralismo jurídico. Para tanto, procura, em primeiro lugar, sublinhar a centralidade assumida pelo tema do pluralismo jurídico no pensamento de Arnaud. Em seguida, examina a sua proposta de modelização sistêmica da regulação jurídica destacando, em meio a ela, as seguintes temáticas: a) a assunção da “abordagem sistêmica” como modo de apreensão da complexidade ínsita à regulação jurídica contemporânea; b) a questão da interdisciplinaridade; c) a distinção entre “direito” (droit) e “sistemas jurídicos” (systèmes juridiques); d) a tese da conjunção polissistêmica simultânea como forma de descrição teórica do pluralismo jurídico.
Um ensaio acerca da crise no ensino jurídico no Brasil: a urgência da aplicação do método de estudo de caso
Authors: Cidrão Taís Vasconcelos , Silva Alexandre Bruno da , Pinheiro Neto Francisco Miranda
Published: February 2020

O propósito do presente estudo é a verificação do método “estudo de caso” como uma solução para a crise do ensino dentro das faculdades de direito brasileiras, que tem refletido negativamente no cenário profissional da área jurídica. Pretende-se fazê-lo através da análise da sua metodologia. Utilizou-se da metodologia investigativa do tipo bibliográfica com pesquisa pura de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória quanto aos objetivos. Observou-se, como resultado, que o aumento da qualidade do ensino jurídico está correlacionado aos métodos participativos, que por sua vez, proporcionam a formação de um raciocínio crítico e jurídico sobre o sistema vigente, propiciando a construção de uma capacidade de análise crítica e prudencial.
Incorporating Secondary Information Using Direct Sequential
Cosimulation
Authors: Soares A. , Almeida J. A. , Guerreiro L.
Published: February 2020

Direct sequential simulation is a new approach to stochastic simulation that does not require any prior transformation of the original variable or any posterior transformation of simulated values. To simulate continuous variables, the algorithm uses the estimated local mean and variance to sample from a global cumulative distribution function. An advantage of this approach over sequential Gaussian simulation or sequential indicator simulation is that it accommodates the joint simulation of several variables under the direct simulation principle; that is, coregionalization modeling is performed with the original variables. The direct joint simulation methodology is presented in this chapter, and a representative set of examples is provided to illustrate the potential of the method to incorporate secondary information in the characterization of oil reservoirs.
Geostatistical Modeling of the Spaces of Local, Spatial, and
Response Uncertainty for Continuous Petrophysical Properties
Authors: Goovaerts P.
Published: February 2020

In the characterization of petroleum reservoirs, three types of uncertainty typically arise: (1) the uncertainty about the value of a petrophysical attribute at an unsampled location (local uncertainty); (2) the joint uncertainty about attribute values at several locations taken together (spatial uncertainty); and (3) the uncertainty about production forecasts, such as time to recover a given proportion of the oil (response uncertainty). In each case, the probabilistic way to assess the uncertainty consists of determining the distribution or set of possible outcomes (e.g., local permeability value, permeability grid, or production parameters), which is referred to as the space of uncertainty.

This chapter reviews the major geostatistical algorithms available to model both local and spatial uncertainties of continuous attributes. Goodness criteria are introduced for each type of space of uncertainty, and the impacts of the following parameters are discussed: stochastic-simulation algorithm, number of realizations, and ergodic fluctuations. Conclusions are drawn on the relations between the different spaces of uncertainty. The discussion is illustrated using an exhaustive set of 102 × 102 permeability values.
Feature-based Probabilistic Interpretation of Geobodies from
Seismic Amplitudes
Authors: Caers J. , Arpat B. G. , Garcia C. A.
Published: February 2020

Manual interpretation of large volumes of seismic data is a tedious and timeconsuming process. Seismic interpretation relies on extensive expert knowledge of geological rules, as well as strong geophysical interpretation skills. Moreover, in modern approaches to reservoir characterization, a single, deterministic reservoir model interpreted from seismic information is commonly of less interest than the multiple potential interpretations that can arise from the data.Hence, an understanding of the uncertainty associated with seismic interpretation and its quantification are extremely important to reservoir management and decision analysis. In this chapter, several new tools are presented, most of them based on statistical pattern recognition, that can aid the interpreter in constructing a seismic-based reservoir model and provide some uncertainty quantification. Two groups of methods based on unsupervised and supervised pattern detection are discussed. A new geostatistical approach termed feature-based geostatistics is introduced, the aim of which is to accurately reproduce facies shapes. All methods are validated using an interpreted seismic data set representing channel facies from a turbidite sequence in Gabon, west Africa.
Representative Input Parameters for Geostatistical
Simulation
Authors: Pyrcz M. J. , Gringarten E. , Frykman P. , Deutsch C. V.
Published: February 2020

Geostatistical-simulation techniques are increasingly being used to create heterogeneous realizations for flow modeling and to assess uncertainty in hydrocarbon resources and reserves. These geostatistical-simulation techniques reproduce the input statistics within ergodic fluctuations. The input statistics representing various model parameters must be computed from data that are representative of the entire domain being modeled. Geostatistical simulation does not accommodate a lack of representativeness in the data. Moreover, the extent to which the input statistics are reproduced depends almost exclusively on the size of the modeling domain relative to the range of spatial correlation; fluctuations in realizations of the full reservoir model do not depend entirely on the uncertainty of the input statistics. It is necessary to explicitly incorporate the uncertainty of the input statistics because they have a much larger and more realistic impact on the uncertainty of the full reservoir model than stochastic fluctuations. The best practices for determining representative input values of model parameters and quantification of their uncertainty are presented in this chapter.
Hierarchical Description and Geologic Modeling of a
Braided-stream Depositional System
Authors: Patterson P. E. , Jones T. A. , Donovan A. D. , Ottmann J. D. , Donofrio C. J.
Published: February 2020

The facies architecture, sequence-stratigraphic framework, and structural configuration of a petroleum reservoir were delineated by an integrated study. These interpretations formed the basis of three-dimensional (3-D) geologic models that were constructed for estimation of reserves, flow-simulation studies, and field-development planning. The study incorporated 3-D seismic interpretations, well-log correlations, facies and petrophysical analyses of cored intervals, and interpretations derived from outcrop exposures of the reservoir.

The reservoir intervals are interpreted to represent a fluvial depositional system that varies systematically along an updip to downdip transect. Proximal (updip) fluvial-facies deposits are inferred to represent amalgamated channel complexes that form widespread sheets. Medial fluvial-facies deposits are interpreted as amalgamated to semiamalgamated braid-bar deposits that are thinner and less laterally persistent. Distal (downdip) fluvial facies are inferred to represent thin yet laterally extensive braid-bar deposits.

Object-based modeling techniques were used to model the internal architecture of the reservoir intervals. Proximal channel facies were generated using standard software to populate the zones with channel elements that are clustered to form channel complexes. Medial and distal bar facies, however, required an innovative method that populates the zones with discrete, user-defined, braid-bar elements that are distributed along thalwegs. Clusters of thalwegs form amalgamated to semiamalgamated bar complexes. This capability, referred to as bar-train modeling, results in a better computer-model representation of the fluvial-sandstone bar geometry and spatial distribution.

The resulting geologic models provide an improved reservoir characterization of the large-scale and small-scale fluvial architecture for the subsurface reservoir. In particular, the geologic models more accurately describe the complex architecture of the lowstand channel and braid-bar fluvial sandstones as well as the internal architecture of the intervening mudstone deposits.
Spatial Variability of Porosity in Chalk
Authors: Frykman P.
Published: February 2020

The study of the variability of porosity and permeability, and of the spatial distribution of petrophysical parameters, has received increasing interest for chalk deposits, which form important reservoirs for both hydrocarbons and groundwater. A common activity is to construct numerical reservoir models for different types of flow simulation. These models must be based on a diversity of data, including outcrop information when subsurface information is sparse. This chapter presents a comparison of the spatial variability of outcrop and reservoir petrophysical properties in chalk and a discussion on the use of information from horizontal wells.
Modeling Complex Reservoirs with Multiple Conditional
Techniques
Authors: Beucher-Darricau H. , Doligez B. , Yarus J. M.
Published: February 2020

Modeling petroleum reservoirs and the intricacies of their inherent morphological and structural characteristics requires sophisticated tools. These tools may consist of deterministic or stochastic methods that allow the interwell space to be filled with representative reservoir properties. Integrating a variety of modeling tools may be necessary for characterizing complex reservoirs. In such cases, the relationships among the lithofacies, the shapes and sizes of the sedimentary bodies, and the depositional mode of the litostratigraphic units must be defined.

It is also important to incorporate other types of information. Including conceptual geological information or three-dimensional seismic data enhances the model particularly when borehole and core data are limited. This chapter demonstrates the use of object-based, pixel-based, and hybrid stochastic-simulation techniques using a case study involving data from the Ravenscar Group located along the east coast of Yorkshire in the United Kingdom.
Sedimentary History and Economic Geology of San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado
Authors: Peterson James A. , Loleit Allan J. , Spencer Charles W. , Ullrich Richard A.
Published: February 2020

The San Juan basin contains up to 15,000 ft of sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Cambrian to Recent. Beginning with the Cambrian transgression, at least 10 major events in the sedimentary history of the basin area can be recognized. The earliest development of the area as a sedimentary basin or trough apparently took place in Pennsylvanian time, and the basin was maintained, with changing rates of subsidence and filling, through the remainder of geologic time. During the early Paleozoic, sedimentation was dominated by marine transgressions across the northwestern flank of the regional Transcontinental arch. The late Paleozoic history was strongly influenced by tectonism related to development of the Ancestral Rocky Mountains uplifts and associated down- warping. Dominantly cyclic marine carbonate deposition during the early phases of this event preceded the infilling of the trough with coarse clastics. The early Mesozoic is characterized by fluvial and eolian environments, interrupted periodically by thin marine transgressive deposits of nearshore redbeds. The final Mesozoic event was the widespread Late Cretaceous marine transgression which deposited a thick cyclic sequence of marine gray shale and sandstone, with interbedded coal. Final withdrawal of marine waters in Late Cretaceous time was associated with the rise of major uplifts on the northern and eastern sides of the basin and infilling of the basin area with stream, lacustrine, and paludal deposits during early Tertiary time. Late Tertiary regional uplift and resulting volcanism were accompanied by a regional dissection of the area by stream systems that evolved into the present drainage pattern of superposed streams. The sedimentary history is directly related to the occurrence of economic deposits in the basin. Major reserves of petroleum are in Cre-taceous and Pennsylvanian rocks, coal in Cretaceous, and uranium in Jurassic and Cretaceous.

Much of the San Juan basin is considered potentially suitable for waste disposal, contingent upon such factors as depth, volume of waste, petroleum and mining activities, present and future groundwater needs, and other industrial and cultural considerations. The Chaco slope probably is the most favorable area for waste disposal.
Importance of Deep Permeable Disposal Formations in Location of a Large Nuclear-Fuel Reprocessing Plant
Authors: Laguna Wallace De
Published: February 2020

The most important disposal problem in location of a large nuclear-fuel reprocessing plant is that of low-level waste. Disposal into large bodies of surface water has been common; however, underground disposal into deep permeable formations seems to offer the best possibilities for disposal of low-level waste. The most favorable method for disposal of medium-level waste is disposal into hydraulically fractured shale. Shale with the necessary requirements generally is found in basin areas suitable for low-level waste disposal. A favored method for disposal of high-level waste is storage in solid form in mined cavities in salt. Thus the selection of a site that also has salt beds is advantageous, but not required, because alternate means for disposal of high-level waste can be found.

Maximum permissible concentrations of radioactive nuclides in air and water have been derived. As more information is gained, the values may be increased or decreased, and thus may alter the requirements for a plant site.

Disposal of radioactive wastes into deep permeable formations is now practicable only for low- level waste, but it holds potential for disposal of certain medium- and high-level wastes, and also of such gaseous wastes as krypton-85.
Possibilities for Disposal of Industrial Wastes in Subsurface Rocks on North Flank of Appalachian Basin in New York
Authors: McCann Thomas P. , Privrasky Norman C. , Stead Frederick L. , Wilson James E.
Published: February 2020

The north flank of the Appalachian basin in the state of New York was studied, with the object of determining the suitability of the region for subsurface disposal of industrial wastes, particularly liquid wastes. Permeable sandstone, salt beds that can provide leak-proof man-made caverns, and shale that can contain fluids in artificially produced fractures are especially significant.

Subsurface strata dip southward at rates between 50 and 160 ft/mi. Local deformations such as low-relief anticlines and small displacement faults are few.

Potential reservoirs for injection of liquids into permeable sandstone formations are the Potsdam and Theresa Sandstones of Cambrian age. The Potsdam has a maximum known thickness of 410 ft and an average thickness of about 100 ft; the Theresa thickness ranges from zero to 1,500 ft. Drilling depths to the Potsdam Sandstone, the lowest potential reservoir, range from 1,000 to 12,600 ft. Other possible sandstone reservoirs are present in the Silurian and Devonian Systems, but have less potential because of vagaries in porosity and permeability and because of the presence of numerous unrecorded borings in the shallower strata.

Salt beds in Silurian rocks at depths between 500 and 4,000 ft offer sites for construction of storage cavities.

Shale sections that appear to be suitable for storage of grouted wastes in hydraulically produced fractures are present in Upper Devonian and Upper Ordovician strata. There are thinner sections of possible interest for the same use in Silurian and Middle Ordovician rocks.
Possibilities for Subsurface Waste Disposal in a Structural Syncline in Pennsylvania
Authors: Hardaway John E.
Published: February 2020

Results of a study of a small structural syncline on the western perimeter of the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania suggest that the area may be suitable for the injection of liquid wastes into deep subsurface reservoirs. The study was performed under the auspices of the AAPG, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, and Princeton University.

The bowl-shaped syncline forms a basin just north of Bedford, Bedford County, and occupies about 45 sq mi (116.5 sq km) of the county. The total thickness of Paleozoic strata is more than 7,000 ft (2,134 m). The reservoir aquifer considered suitable for disposal is the Lower Silurian Tuscarora Sandstone, a clean quartzose sandstone. The investigation showed that the syncline has sufficient structural closure to warrant consideration as a reservoir. The selected Sandstone aquifer crops out along two-thirds of the syncline’s perimeter and is approximately 3,700 ft (1,128 m) beneath the center of the basin. It apparently is not faulted, and it may be treated as a confined aquifer because it is bounded by shale and shaly, silty sandstone which probably have much lower permeability.

Porosity measurements of Tuscarora and Juniata sandstones gave values of 15 and 10 percent, respectively. The probability of the presence of connate brine in the Tuscarora is enhanced by the fact that it is present in a deep well near Bedford. The Tuscarora strata are described as a “salaquifer” which will not promote harmful chemical interactions.

The shale beds of the area were studied similarly and are regarded as favorable for the injection, into artificially created fractures, of wastes that have been incorporated in cement slurries. However, grouting in shale appears less promising for large-scale injection than disposal in permeable sandstone.
Geology of Subsurface Waste Disposal in Michigan Basin
Authors: Briggs Louis I
Published: February 2020

The Michigan basin, an almost circular and symmetrical structural basin, contains in the deepest part approximately 14,000 ft of Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. The autogeosyncline developed as a tectonic element in Late Silurian time, during which the middle third of the sedimentary section was deposited. The strata dip generally less than 1° toward the center of the basin, although locally there are gentle open folds and a few high-angle faults. The sedimentary formations can be classfied into four generalized sequences—(1) the sandstone sequence of the Cambrian, (2) the carbonate-evaporite sequence of the Ordovician to Middle Devonian, (3) the shale-sandstone sequence of the Late Devonian to Mississippian, and (4) the coal-bearing sequence of the Pennsylvanian.

The Cambrian sandstones (Mount Simon) have the most favorable properties for high-volume liquid-waste disposal. They are suitably thick and reasonably shallow principally in southeastern Michigan near Detroit. The Mount Simon is a typical blanket feldspathic, quartzose sandstone; it is characterized by quartz and feldspar cement, present as grain overgrowths, and detrital and matrix carbonate minerals. Where measured, the porosity averages about 10 percent and the permeability about 30 md. The Cambrian sandstone beds are overlain by a thick, extensive shale layer (Utica) and salt beds (Salina), which are of secondary importance to liquid- and solid-waste disposal.
Subsurface Waste-Disposal Potential in Salina Basin of Kansas
Authors: Edmund R. W. , Goebel Edwin D.
Published: February 2020

Study of the geology of the Salina basin in Kansas shows good potential storage reservoirs for industrial waste in a Cambrian sandstone, in Pennsylvanian shale beds, and in Permian salt beds. The natural flow of fluids in the basin is thought to be from north to south at a slow rate.
Potential of Denver Basin for Disposal of Liquid Wastes
Authors: Garbarini George S. , Veal Harry K.
Published: February 2020

A reconnaissance subsurface geologic study has shown that three types of reservoirs are available for liquid-waste disposal in the Denver basin—fractured Precambrian rocks, porous sandstone reservoirs, and thick shale suitable for disposal by the hydraulic-fracturing technique.

From early 1962 through early 1966, fractured Precambrian rocks at a depth of 12,000 ft were used as a disposal reservoir for toxic effluent produced at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal near Denver. The disposal well is now shut in pending investigation of the possible relationship of waste injection to Denver-area earthquakes, which increased in frequency and magnitude during the injection period.

Data on the Precambrian of the Denver basin are sparse because only a few test wells penetrated it in search for oil and gas. Two borings on the Apishapa uplift indicate a good fractured Precambrian reservoir.

Porous sandstone reservoirs considered most favorable for waste disposal are the Permian Lyons Sandstone, the Triassic Dockum sandstone, the Triassic-Jurassic Jelm-Entrada sandstone, and sandstones in the Cretaceous Dakota Group and the “Hygiene zone” of the Pierre Shale. The Lyons, Dockum, and Dakota are best suited for waste disposal in the southern part of the basin. Exploration for oil and gas in this part of the basin has been very slow in recent years, whereas activity is moderate to brisk in the central part of the basin where the Lyons and Dakota are prime drilling objectives. The Dockum sandstone, potentially the best disposal reservoir volumetrically, is limited to the southeast part of the basin. The Jelm-Entrada and Hygiene-zone sandstones are potential disposal reservoirs along the heavily populated strip between Denver and Cheyenne.

Cretaceous marine black shale suitable for disposal by the hydraulic-fracturing technique is present everywhere in the basin. The shale crops out over large areas. Beneath the populous strip along the Front Range, the shale is covered locally by as much as 2,000 ft of Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary transitional to continental strata.
Convergent Margin Off East Coast of North Island, New Zealand, Parts I and II
Authors: Davey F.J. , Lewis K. , Childs J.R. , Hampton M.A.
Published: February 2020

A 24-fold seismic line is presented that traverses the widest part of the convergent margin off the east coast of North Island, New Zealand. The seismic data were collected in December 1983 as a cooperative project between the New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Data were collected aboard the S.P. Lee. The complete line extends approximately 275 km (5100 CDP points), of which a portion across the slope (CDP 2100 1/N 4500) is shown. A preliminary interpretation of the entire line has been published by Davey et al. (in press).

The convergent margin is formed by the westward subduction of the Pacific plate under the Indian plate. Between North Island and Chatham Rise, it corresponds to the western margin of the Hikurangi Trough. Convergence between the two plates in the vicinity of the seismic line is oblique (approximately 30° from normal) and rapid (45 mm/year) and has created an imbricate-thrust accretionary prism that extends for as much as 175 km to the edge of North Island (Lewis, 1980). This accretionary prism contains well-defined trench-slope basins and intervening ridges that lie subparallel to the slope.

The seismic source consisted of five Bolt air guns in a tuned array that were shot at 2000 psi manifold pressure. The gun depth was 8.5 m and the shot spacing was 50 m. The receiver system was a Seismic Engineering (SEI) Multidyne 24-fold streamer with a 100-m group interval and 100-m group length towed at an
The Central Oregon Continental Margin, Lines WO76-4 and WO76-55
Authors: Snavely Parke D. , Huene Roland von , Mann Dennis M. , Miller John
Published: February 2020

The geologic history of Cenozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Oregon continental margin is interpreted as having involved episodic periods of underthrusting, transcurrent faulting, and extension between the oceanic and North American plates. The seismic sections across this margin illustrate that both compressional and extensional forces have molded the tectonic framework (Snavely et al., 1980).

The Oregon Coast Range and inner shelf is floored by Paleocene to lower Eocene ridge basalt (see diagrammatic cross section), which is interpreted to represent eruptions in an elongate basin formed by rifting of the continental margin (Snavely, 1984). Oceanic islands and sea mounts were constructed on the basaltic ocean floor, and the volcanic flows and breccia that erupted from these centers intertongue with neritic to bathyal sedimentary rocks of early and middle Eocene age. Middle Eocene turbidite sandstone overlaps both the oceanic basalts and the pre-Tertiary rocks of the Klamath Mountains, suturing the Coast Range to North America about 50 Ma.

Oblique convergence between the oceanic and the North American plates occurred during most of post-middle Eocene time, but periods of more head-on convergence occurred in the middle late Eocene and late middle Miocene. Sedimentation, punctuated by episodes of volcanism, was virtually continuous in the forearc basin, the axis of which lay along the present inner continental shelf. More than 7000 m of sedimentary and volcanic rocks were deposited in this basin (Snavely et al., 1980), which is located east of seismic lines 4 and 5 (see diagrammatic cross section).

The principal structure
Atacama sub-millimeter telescope experiment polarimeter (APol) I: design and lab-test result
Authors: Zhang Y. , Li H.-B. , Lühr D. , Takekoshi T. , Oshima T. , Gu Q.
Published: February 2020

The Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE), a 10-m aperture
telescope, hosts a camera equipped with the Transition Edge Sensor
(TES). We developed a fore-optics module—“APol,” to convert the
271 pixels of the TES working at 350 GHz into a sensitive imaging
polarimeter without sacrificing the image quality and the

7.5

′

field of view. Here, we describe the
detailed optical design of APol and present the results of the
preliminary test in a laboratory.
Shaping picosecond ellipsoidal laser pulses with periodic intensity modulation for electron photoinjectors
Authors: Kuzmin I. V. , Mironov S. Yu. , Gacheva E. I. , Potemkin A. K. , Khazanov E. A. , Krasilnikov M. A. , Stephan F.
Published: February 2020

A method for shaping periodic intensity distributions of strongly chirped picosecond laser pulses in the infrared range by periodic phase modulation of the spectrum is proposed. The dependence of the time modulation period and depth on the parameters of periodic phase modulation of the spectrum is analyzed by analytical and numerical methods. It is demonstrated that the intensity distribution structure obtained at second- and fourth-harmonic generation can be retained by introducing an angular chirp. The electron bunch dynamics at the photoinjector test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ) was modeled numerically using ellipsoidal laser pulses with intensity modulation.
Optical encryption based on double random-phase encoding: secure versus unsecure variants
Authors: Ramirez-Andrade Ana H. , Porras-Aguilar Rosario , Falaggis Konstantinos
Published: February 2020

A smart brute-force double random-phase encoding attack is presented that takes advantage of an unreported vulnerability: the smoothness of mean squared error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (CC) curves in a key-sensitivity analysis. The vulnerability reported here is made visible in a key-sensitivity analysis. It is shown that a modular arithmetic pre-coding provides significant robustness against this form of attack because the pre-coding creates a highly nonlinear, highly oscillatory MSE and CC curve in the key space. Knowledge of this new vulnerability and how to prevent this in the first place provides a better understanding of the robustness of various double random-phase encoding designs.
Wavelength selection and measurement error theoretical analysis on ground-based coherent differential absorption lidar using 1.53 µm wavelength for simultaneous vertical profiling of water vapor density and wind speed
Authors: Imaki Masaharu , Hirosawa Kenichi , Yanagisawa Takayuki , Kameyama Shumpei , Kuze Hiroaki
Published: February 2020

A feasibility study of coherent differential absorption lidar is
conducted using a 1.53-µm wavelength for simultaneously retrieving the
water vapor density and wind speed profiles. We selected the ON and
OFF wavelengths to be 1531.383 and 1531.555 nm, respectively, for
minimizing the effect of the temperature change in the atmosphere. The
systematic measurement error can be reduced to below 5% by stabilizing
the ON wavelength from

−
64

to 102 MHz around the center of the
water vapor absorption line. Analysis of the speckle and photon
statistics errors reveal that the relative error of the water vapor
density is less than 10% at the altitude from 0.1 to 1.7 km with the
100 m range resolution with 10 min data accumulation time. The
simultaneous measurement of wind speed and direction can also be
achieved by employing a conical scan mechanism.
Conception of diffractive wavefront correction for XUV and soft x-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Probst Jürgen , Braig Christoph , Langlotz Enrico , Rahneberg Ilko , Kühnel Michael , Zeschke Thomas , Siewert Frank , Krist Thomas , Erko Alexei
Published: February 2020

We present a simple and precise method to minimize aberrations of mirror-based, wavelength-dispersive spectrometers for the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft x-ray domain. The concept enables an enhanced resolving power

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, in particular, close to the diffraction limit over a spectral band of a few percent around the design energy of the instrument. Our optical element, the “diffractive wavefront corrector” (DWC), is individually shaped to the form and figure error of the mirror profile and might be written directly with a laser on a plane and even strongly curved substrates. Theory and simulations of various configurations, like Hettrick–Underwood or compact, highly efficient all-in-one setups for

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spectroscopy with

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, are addressed, as well as aspects of their experimental realization.