bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BACTERIA OF THE ORDER BACILLALES AS PROMISING ANTAGONISTS OF FUSARIUM PATHOGENS AND THEIR IMPACT ON WINTER WHEAT PLANTS
Authors:   DI. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Vasilchenko N.G. , Gorovtsov A.V. , Chistyakov V.A. , Mazanko M.S.
Published: April 2021

The possibility of using bacteria of the order Bacillales as agents of biological control of phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium was studied. In the work, 28 soil samples were studied, from which antagonist bacterial strains were isolated. Antagonism was detected by cultivating a pasteurized soil suspension with a culture of the fungus Fusarium graminearum on wort agar. In the course of this work, 1040 antagonist bacterial strains were isolated. Subsequently, the influence of the selected strains of microorganisms on the germination winter wheat seeds and several other morphometric parameters was studied.
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION AND CALCULATION OF BASIC OPERATING PARAMETERS OF A CAR AIR CONDITIONER
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Babenkov Y.I. , Ozersky A.I. , Romanov V.V , Galka G.A , Zhelonkina E.S.
Published: April 2021

In this work, experimental studies have been carried out to determine the main thermodynamic parameters of the refrigerating machine of an automobile air conditioner. The coefficient of performance, compressor operation, specific refrigeration capacity, mass flow, and compressor efficiency were determined. With the help of a multimedia device, the curves of the speed of the system, pressure sensors and temperature sensors were taken.
THE MAIN ADVANTAGES OF DIRECT NO-TILL SEEDING TECHNOLOGY IN COMPARISON WITH TRADITIONAL SOIL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Krasavin D.E , Tomasova O.L , Rudoy D.V.
Published: April 2021

This article shows the benefits of recent advances in NO-Till soil processing technology, which reduces the cost of wheat production by 1.5 times compared to traditional land plowing technology. The damage to traditional technology, as a result of which the fertile soils in our country are irreparably damaged, which every year leads to the depletion of the fertile layer and, as a result, to reduce the well-being of future generations.
USE OF PARAMETERIZATION IN DETERMINING DANGEROUS CROSS SECTIONS OF THE STAND OF THE EXPERIMENTAL WORKING BODY OF THE CULTIVATOR
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Dyachenko A.G. , Savostina T.P
Published: April 2021

. The materials of this article are devoted to the identification of dangerous cross sections of the new cultivator working body rack during its strength calculations using modern CAD software applications. A parametric model of an experimental cultivator stand is constructed to determine dangerous cross sections with different geometric dimensions of the cultivator's working body.
APPLICATION OF SOLAR MAPS FOR CHOOSING A RATIONAL FORM OF SHADING DEVICE FOR THE TRACTOR CAB
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Maslensky V.V. , Bulygin Y.I. , Pavlikov A.V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the use of solar maps to determine the period of undesirable insolation and the amount of thermal radiation that penetrates the tractor cab throughout the working day. In addition, the optimal form of a sunscreen device is proposed, which allows reducing the amount of exposure dose of thermal radiation that affects the operator.
IMPROVEMENT, GREEN CONSTRUCTION AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN AS AN ACTUAL ECOLOGICAL CHALLENGE OF YOUTH
Authors:   Armavir social-psychological Institute, Nedbaev D.N. , Nedbaeva S.V. , Goncharova O.V. , Kotova I.B. , Filin M.M.
Published: April 2021

The quality of life in the urban system is closely associated with environmental conditions. With the right use of design tools, it is possible to solve the environmental problems of youth through the impact of landscape design on human opinion. Such landscaping areas as territories of memorable historical places must be complied with the modern requirements of society to preserve historical memory. It is discussed in the article the issues of solving problems to improve the factors of the urban environment that have a positive impact on maintaining intergenerational ties. The relevance of the project "Living memory of the Great Victory: for the glory of life, unity and the future" is grounded on the beautification and landscape design of Armavir. It is described a new ecological landscape approach to the planting of greenery and improvement of memorial complexes, based on the creation of a natural, relatively sustainable ecosystem. It is described the concept of laying park sites, performing cognitive, patriotic, informational, and environmental functions. The proposed style of memorial park territories supports the general historical and local history orientation of the territory in the design and improvement of urban areas with minimal resources for planting red oaks, based on the independent cultivation of seedlings from acorns. Ecological and patriotic project is aimed at creating and maintaining a sustainable landscape structure.
Perbaikan Citra Menggunakan Metode Contrast Stretching
Authors:   Jurusan Matematika, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Cenderawasih, Supiyanto Supiyanto , Suparwati Titik ,   Jurusan Matematika, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Cenderawasih
Published: April 2021

Contrasting images that are not good because they are too bright or too dark cannot provide good information. Therefore, a method is needed to improve the image quality, so that the information in the image can be conveyed properly. Contrast stretching is one of the methods for improving image quality. With this method is expected to produce a new image that is better. The purpose of this research is to apply contrast stretching method to an application or software that can be used to improve image quality. Data used in this study in the form of grayscale image data and RGB imagery (true color), with the format . BMP or .JPG, while the application development uses the Matlab programming language.The results of the study, contrast stretching method can be used to repair image that affects bad or poor image quality such as too bright / dark image, less sharp image, blurry, and so on. Contrast stretching method can also be used to improve image enhancement by leveling the histogram that was collected in an area, so that the information contained in the image is more clearly visible compared to the original image.
Penerapan Model Geographically Dan Temporally Weighted Regression Pada Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas
Authors:   Program Studi Statistika, FMIPA Universitas Tanjungpura, Debataraja Naomi , Kusnandar Dadan ,   Program Studi Statistika, FMIPA Universitas Tanjungpura, Mahalalita Riani ,   Program Studi Statistika, FMIPA Universitas Tanjungpura, Imro’ah Nurfitri ,   Program Studi Statistika, FMIPA Universitas Tanjungpura
Published: April 2021

Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) is a model that is used to deal with instability in data both spatially and temporally and to produce local parameters. In this paper, The GTWR model is used to analyze the factors that are thought to significantly influence the number of traffic accidents in Mempawah Regency. The data used in this study came from 8 districts with the variables used were the number of traffic accidents, the number of population (gender ratio, length of damaged road conditions, and percentage of adolescence. The parameter estimation of the GTWR model was obtained using the weighted least square (WLS) method. The optimal bandwidth selection uses the Cross-Validation (CV) method and the weighting used is the Fixed bisquare function. The results of the analysis show that using the GTWR model, it was found that only the population size variable significantly affected the number of traffic accidents in all locations in Mempawah Regency from 2015 to 2018. The GTWR model was known to be better than the multiple regression model because it produced smaller AIC and RSS values and a larger R-square value.
Hubungan Antara Kelembaban Relatif Dengan Beberapa Variabel Iklim Dengan Pendekatan Korelasi Pearson di Samudera Hindia
Authors:   Jurusan Statistika, FMIPA, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Pratama Ananda ,   Jurusan Statistika, FMIPA, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Setiawan Ichsan ,   Jurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas FKP, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Published: April 2021

The earth's climate is constantly changing, it's just that climate change in the past took place naturally. But until now, climate change has been very closely related to human activity, so the nature of the event has become faster and more drastic. Relative humidity is a parameter that can affect climate change in Indonesia, especially in Aceh Province. Aceh province is one of the provinces located on the island of Sumatra and directly facing the Indian Ocean. Thus, Aceh Province has a considerable impact on climate change. Changes in relative humidity will lead to changes in climate elements. There are several climate elements including air temperature, rainfall, sea surface temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, and dynamic altitude. One of the methods used to look at the relationship of each climate element is the Correlation method. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship of each variable of the climate elements. The results showed that the relationship between variables X1 (air temperature) and X3 (sea surface temperature) had the highest closeness relationship with a positive correlation value of 0.77. The lowest closeness relationships are variables X2 (rainfall) and X4 (wind speed) with a negative weak correlation value of -0.01.
Técnica de fios de polidioxanona no terço inferior da face - relato de caso
Authors: de Carvalho Kananda Desbesel , Póvoa Beatriz Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

Wired facial lifting is a minimally invasive technique that allows for a quick lifting effect. The aim of this study is to address the effectiveness of spiked Polydioxanone (PDO) threads (cog) for facial rejuvenation of the lower third of the face, through a clinical case report. The methodology was characterized by a brief bibliographic review, through an electronic search in the databases: Pubmed, Lilacs, Cochrane and bibliographic bases published in the USA and Brazil, associated with a clinical case report, making it possible to compare it with data from the literature on complications, safety and efficacy in the short and medium term. It is concluded that the aesthetic treatments seek to soften the signs of time and rescue the elasticity and firmness of the dermis. For this, it is necessary to elucidate the physiological effects, providing opportunities for safe treatment.
Diretrizes anatômicas para preenchimento de lábios
Authors: Kubitski Lisiane C.C. Ditzel
Published: April 2021

The facial procedures are among the most demanded aesthetic treatments nowadays, and among such, the lip filling points out. The lips occupy a highlight point in the face and if well contoured and voluminous, represent youth, health and beauty. The lip filling with hyaluronic acid is a minimally invasive procedure that is well tolerated and gives immediate aesthetic results, which make it really attractive to the patient. It is a safe and relatively simple treatment in the execution, what makes it preference among the professionals as well. The profound knowledge of the lip anatomy is essential to reach aesthetic results in the lip filling and in order to make it a really safe procedure. The treatment consists basically in sculpting the lips with filling material, and so, it is important to bare in mind the tridimensional nature of the lips. The correct position of the anatomical structures and sub units is what guarantees a natural and aesthetic result. Yet, the position of vessels and nerves allows the prediction of risk zones. Furthermore, anatomical differences related to age, gender and the patient preferences should be considered. This article aim is to present the lip anatomy in a clear and objective manner so that the professional fills the lips obtaining harmoniuos results in a safe and optimum way.
Role Playing dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Nurgiansah T Heru , Hendri Hendri , Khoerudin Cep Miftah
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe majority of students consider the subjects of Pancasila and Citizenship Education to be boring subjects. The content of many materials, monotonous media and learning models, until the teacher's ability in classroom management is signalled to be the cause that results in less motivation, activeness, and student achievement. A proper learning model is needed to overcome these learning problems, namely role-playing learning models. The purpose of this study was to see the phenomenon of learning Pancasila and Citizenship Education in Class X SMA PGRI 1 Kasihan Bantul. The research method used is the qualitative method with descriptive studies. Data collection techniques in the form of observations, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the use of Role-Playing learning models succeeded in making the learning atmosphere more interesting, active, and successful in improving students' academic abilities, especially in the material of the National Legal and Judicial System._________AbstractMayoritas siswa menganggap mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan adalah mata pelajaran yang membosankan. Isi materi yang banyak, media dan model pembelajaran yang monoton, sampai kemampuan guru dalam pengelolaan kelas disinyalir menjadi penyebabnya yang mengakibatkan motivasi, keaktifan, dan prestasi siswa menjadi kurang. Diperlukan sebuah model pembelajaran yang tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan belajar tersebut, yakni model pembelajaran Role Playing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat fenomena pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan di Kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Kasihan Bantul. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan studi deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Role Playing berhasil membuat suasana pembelajaran semakin menarik, aktif, dan berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan akademik siswa khususnya pada materi Sistem Hukum dan Peradilan Nasional.
Student worksheet oriented on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) with PjBL model on acid base matter by using natural product
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia, Khofifah Imtikhana Nur , Mitarlis Mitarlis ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, 60231, Indonesia
Published: April 2021

This study aims to describe the feasibility of the student worksheet developed in improving critical, creative, collaborative, and communicative thinking skills of students on acid-base material by using natural product. The student worksheet developed refers to the project-based learning model, which is integrated to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Method of this study uses a 4-D model (define, design, develop and disseminate), which is limited only to the development stage, and limited trials are carried out to nine students at senior high school. The feasibility of student worksheet is viewed from three aspects, namely validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validity is viewed from the results of content and construct validity. The results obtained on each criterion show that the percentage score of 92.95% and 91.15% on very good category. The student worksheet's practicality in terms of activity observation and student response for each component obtained a percentage score of 95.18% and 88.09% on very practical category. The student worksheet's effectiveness in terms of the completeness of student learning outcomes showed an increase in the average N-Gain score of 0.84 on very high category and declared effective. Thus, the feasibility of the developed student worksheet in terms of all aspects such as percentage of scores obtained ≥ 61% in the aspects of validity, practicality and N-gain ≥ 0.3 in the aspect of effectiveness. So, the developed students worksheet oriented to STEM with PjBL model on acid base matter by using natural product is feasible for use in the learning. Keywords: acid-base, PjBL, STEM, student worksheet
Online learning facilitation in border guards’ foreign language training
Authors: Balendr Andrii , Komarnytska Oksana , Islamova Oleksandra , Khamaziuk Olha , Lusan Petro , Biliavets Andrii
Published: April 2021

The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of teaching English online to cadets of the border guard educational institutions using learning facilitation techniques in order to enhance the effectiveness of foreign language training of future border guards within the system of distance learning. The research has revealed the peculiarities of organization of online facilitation skills development for the border guard trainers in European Union border guard agencies under the auspices of European Border Guard Agency. The modern online learning facilitation forms, methods and tools used for teaching future border guards English language have been presented. The effectiveness of the acquired by border guard trainers' facilitative skills was tested during an Intensive Online English Language Course for Border Guards at the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Analysis of the results of employing facilitative methods and techniques during the course provide their effectiveness. According to the results, the average score of the participants increased from 3.98 to 4.23. The obtained results testify to the efficiency of the facilitation skills development of the trainers of the Border Guard agencies.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL BOOK DENGAN KVISOFT FLIPBOOK MAKER
Authors: Mulyaningsih Neng Nenden , Saraswati Dandan Luhur
Published: April 2021

Pemilihan media pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi masih jarang diterapkan terutama pada beberapa mata kuliah fisika yang dianggap tidak dapat tersampaikan dengan baik jika disampaikan dengan multimedia. Pada penelitian ini diterapkan media pembelajaran fisika digital book dengan kvisoft flipbook maker untuk mengetahui pemahaman konsep mahasiswa terhadap materi kuliah Kapita Selekta Fisika Sekolah II dan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran fisika digital book. Peneliti menggunakan analisis multivariat yaitu MANCOVA dua arah dengan satu kovariat yang memanfaatkan program SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh penggunaan digital book terhadap pemahaman konsep dan hasil belajar mahasiswa dari rata-rata 70 untuk kelas kontrol (gain ternormalisasi 0,4) menjadi 84 untuk kelas eksperimen (gain ternormalisasi 0,7).
Sentimentos existenciais e memória corporal: dois casos em filosofia da psiquiatria
Authors: Vieira Lopes Marcelo
Published: April 2021

A questão que orienta este trabalho diz respeito à relação entre os fenômenos da afetividade e da memória a partir de sua configuração corporal. Meu objetivo é avaliar a relação entre esses dois fenômenos sob a rubrica dos conceitos de sentimentos existenciais e memória corporal desenvolvidos na fenomenologia contemporânea. Formulado no atual marco de interação entre fenomenologia e psiquiatria, o conceito de sentimentos existenciais designa uma importante categoria descritiva relativa à estruturação corporal de nossa experiência afetiva, e sugere um papel central na forma como determinados sentimentos corporais influenciam a autodescrição (Ratcliffe, 2005; 2008; 2015). Por outro lado, a noção de memória corporal descreve a forma como disposições, capacidades e hábitos configuram nossa experiência sem a necessidade de rememoração explícita (Fuchs, 2012; 2018). Sustento que o elemento corporal destacado na formulação desses dois conceitos permite uma aproximação frutífera dos aspectos históricos e afetivos condicionantes de nossa experiência. Ao final do trabalho examino dois casos psiquiátricos que explicitam a interação mútua entre esses fenômenos em um nível pré-reflexivo, e destaco o papel determinante desses fenômenos na emergência de experiências anômalas.
AS MUDANÇAS NO COMÉRCIO EXTERIOR BRASILEIRO SOBRE MEDICAMENTOS E PRODUTOS MÉDICO- HOSPITALARES DURANTE A COVID-19
Authors: Sartori Rafael Leite , Bastos Thamires Mota , Dos Santos Leandro Colevati
Published: April 2021

Essa monografia contém informações referente as medidas aplicadas pelo governo brasileiro, no âmbito do comércio exterior, durante o primeiro semestre da emergência internacional da covid-19.

Para a elaboração do estudo foi indispensável destrinchar os princípios tributários, como o princípio da legaligade, da igualdade, da capacidade contributiva, da anterioridade e da seletividade tributária, assim como, seus elementos fundamentais, sendo eles fato gerador, hipótese de incidência, base de cálculo e alíquota. Os principais insumos utilizados para o combate ao vírus no país também foram mencionados, como o uso do fármaco dexametasoma e importações de kits para traqueostomia e máscaras laríngeas, que foram produtos de destaque nas compras internacionais durante o início da pandemia. Ao final, é apresentada uma tabela que destaca quais medidas adotadas foram liberalizantes e quais foram restritivas. As medidas restritivas, são em suma, restringindo a exportação de produtos hospitalares, analisando o beneficiamento proporcionado por tais providências tomadas pelo governo brasileiro.
O O USO DOS MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES (MOOCS) NO CONTEXTO DA EDUCAÇÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Henrique Salustiano , Ortolani Cristina Lúcia Feijó , Maciel Margareth De Fátima , Mancini Felipe , Ortolani Cristina Lúcia Feijó
Published: April 2021

Este estudo aborda a aplicação dos Massive Open Online Courses – MOOCs no contexto da educação no Brasil. Traz um breve histórico, características, resultados e o uso das mídias. Demonstra através de revisão sistemática da literatura um panorama dos estudos publicados na área, tendo como recorte os anos entre 2013 e 2017, na qual chegou-se ao número de 10 artigos selecionados. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que, a potencialização da aplicação dos MOOCs como forma de democratizar o ensino, conta com desafios conhecidos, como a alta taxa de evasão, exigindo uma nova postura e diversificação de mídias.
Identification and pharmacokinetics of saponins in Rhizoma Anemarrhenae after oral administration to rats by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Hai-Qiao , Lan Fen , Zhang Yi-Han , Xia Jin-Er , Gong Xiao-Mei , Liu Min
Published: April 2021

Rhizoma Anemarrhenae is a well-known herbal medicine with saponins as its commonly regarded major bioactive components. It is essential to classify the properties of saponins which are associated with their toxicity and efficacy. In this study, 25 compounds were identified by HPLC-Q-TOF/MS in the extract of Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and 8 saponins were detected in rat plasma by HPLC-MS/MS after oral administration of this extract. These were neomangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin E1, timosaponin E, timosaponin B-II, timosaponin B-III, timosaponin A-III and timosaponin A-I. A sensitive and accurate HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of the abovementioned eight saponins after oral administration of the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae extract to rats. The method validation, including specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect and robustness, met the requirements of the intended use. The pharmacokinetic parameter, T
max value, ranged from 2 to 8 h for these eight saponins whereas their elimination half-life (t
1/2) ranged from 4.06 to 9.77 h, indicating slow excretion. The plasma concentrations of these eight saponins were all very low, indicating a relatively low oral bioavailability. All these results provide support for further clinical studies.
Antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of Scorzonera cinerea radical leaves in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Temiz Mehmet Ali
Published: April 2021

Scorzonera species are used for treating various diseases. They are consumed raw, especially in the spring, and have nutritious and dietetic values. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of Scorzonera cinerea (Sc) radical leaves in diabetes mellitus. Five random groups of Wistar rats (n = 8) were created – control, diabetic, acarbose, Sc-Dried, and Sc-Frozen. Phenolic profiles of extracts were determined by HPLC. Free radical scavenging capacity was measured using DPPH and ABTS tests. The inhibitory effects of Sc extracts on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities were also evaluated. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. While dried Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-amylase inhibitory activity, frozen Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen extracts lowered blood glucose and HbA1c levels, they also increased insulin. Although liver MDA and TOS were significantly increased in the diabetic group, their values were significantly lower in the Sc-Dried- and Sc-Frozen-treated groups. GSH, TAS, and anti-oxidant enzyme activities decreased in the diabetic group, but Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen supplements significantly enhanced liver antioxidant values. In conclusion, S. cinerea treatment exerts potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetes. Thus, it can be considered as a candidate dietary supplement for health benefits in diabetes.
NTRU Over Galois Rings
Authors: Sever Mehmet , Özdemir Ahmet Şükrü
Published: April 2021

As a cryptosystem, Nth Truncated Polynomial Ring (NTRU) is established on the fast and easy calculation. Improving the security is aimed by enlarging a ring where the processes execute and enhancing the number of a private key and a public key. In this study, NTRU takes over the Galois rings and is analysed by adding a new private key.
On Balancing and Lucas-balancing Quaternions
Authors: Patel Bijan Kumar , Ray Prasanta Kumar
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to investigate two new classes of quaternions, namely, balancing and Lucas-balancing quaternions that are based on balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers, respectively. Further, some identities including Binet’s formulas, summation formulas, Catalan’s identity, etc. concerning these quaternions are also established.
Occurrence of mental disorders in nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases: a primary or secondary problem in relation to the biological therapy used?
Authors: Olesiak Mateusz , Stelmach Ewa
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (CU – colitis ulcerosa), which are chronic diseases characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. Extraintestinal complications caused by the disease and the applied treatment, mainly steroid therapy, constitute a predisposition to infections and mental disorders such as depressive disorders with apathy, slowness of movement or agitation, and even manic syndromes.

Aim and method: The aim of this study was to review the literature on the occurrence of primary and secondary mental disorders in the course of inflammatory bowel diseases. The literature in the Google Scholar database was reviewed using the following keywords: colitis ulcerosa, Crohn disease, depression, mental disorders, inflammatory bowel disease. The time descriptors 2011-2021 were also used.

Conclusions: The review of epidemiological studies shows that the most common mental disorders in nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases are anxiety and depression disorders. The effect of steroid therapy on the development of mental disorders is equally significant. Most of the available empirical data relating to corticosteroids confirm the correlation between the drugs and depressive symptoms, and other psychiatric effects, including mania and psychosis.

Summary: As with most chronic diseases, the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders is higher in nonspecific inflammatory bowel diseases than in the general population.
The Primacy of the Mental in the Explanation of Human Action
Authors: Buckareff Andrei A. , Zhu Jing
Published: April 2021

The mentalistic orthodoxy about reason-explanations of action in the philosophy of mind has recently come under renewed attack. Julia Tanney is among those who have critiqued mentalism. The alternative account of the folk practice of giving reason-explanations of actions she has provided affords features of an agent’s external environment a privileged role in explaining the intentional behaviour of agents. The authors defend the mentalistic orthodoxy from Tanney’s criticisms, arguing that Tanney fails to provide a philosophically satisfying or psychologically realistic account of reason-explanation of action.
The influence of forest types on manganese content in soils
Authors: Michopoulos Panagiotis , Kostakis Marios , Thomaidis Nikolaos S. , Pasias Ioannis
Published: April 2021

The concentrations of available and total Mn were determined in the soils of three different forest ecosystems, i.e. a maquis forest, a beech forest and fir one. The concentrations of total Mn in the deeper mineral horizons reflected the type of patent material, but in the surface layers, the more acidic soil (in the beech forest) had the higher concentrations. This was due to the high concentrations of Mn in the standing leaves and litterfall of beech trees, which brought about high litterfall fluxes of Mn in that forest. However, the concentrations of (DTPA) available Mn was significantly higher in the soil under beech only in the 0–10 cm layer, whereas the fast decomposition of organic matter in the Mediterranean zone resulted in higher concentrations of available Mn in the Ofh soil horizon of the maquis plot. The available Mn did not correlate with soil pH. These findings mean that high concentrations of available Mn do not always entail higher uptake. The soil pH played a predominant role for the high concentrations in the vegetation of the beech forest.
Do pheromone trapping always reflect Ips typographus (L.) population level? A study from the Tatra National Park in Poland
Authors: Grodzki Wojciech
Published: April 2021

Pheromone traps are used for monitoring I. typographus populations in Norway spruce stands of the Tatra National Park (TPN) in Poland. The presented study is based on the set of pheromone traps of precisely known location (23) located in the whole area of the TPN and operated continuously in 2010–2019. The data on the captures of beetles were compared with two kinds of data concerning the mortality: the area covered by standing dead trees (airborne photographs) in the no-intervention zone, and the volume of trees infested by bark beetles processed in the active protection zone. No relationship was found between the mean numbers of beetles captured yearly in all pheromone traps in the whole TPN area and the volume of infested trees removed from the stands in the active protection zone. The captures in the two selected study areas were correlated with the area of spots with dead trees in the 500 m circle around the traps, however, this correlation is not statistically significant. There is no relation of captures to the volume of processed infested trees. The captures decreased in the growing seasons after the wind damage, and increased markedly after the drought started in 2015. The results of pheromone trapping are affected by several factors, as wind damage and defence potential of trees resulting from their physiological status. Pheromone traps represent valuable source of information about the bark beetle I. typographus population dynamics, although the collected data do not enable direct definition of its population level, especially in the protected areas with different and unstable (changed in 2017) approach to the protection of stands. As most of the information on beetles is captured in the first half of the growing season, the data collected till the end of July are sufficient for monitoring purposes; thus, the trapping should be reduced to the period May–July.
Forest shelter belts in organic agricultural landscape: structure of biodiversity and their ecological role
Authors: Lavrov Vitaliy , Miroshnyk Nataliіa , Grabovska Tatіana , Shupova Tatіana
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article is to assess the structure of biodiversity of field protective forest shelter belts to determine the directions of increasing their reclamation and conservation potential in the organic agricultural landscape. Methods of comparative ecology (synecological approach, assessment of α-diversity), forestry, geobotany, ornithology and statistical analysis are used. Changes in species diversity of plants and birds in forest shelter belts around organic fields are characterized. It is established that plantations with developed undergrowth and under-storey are transformed due to the loss of up to 43.5% of trees, liquefaction of the edificatory tier. Transformer species with a wide phytocenotic range predominate in the tree stands. The grass tier is dominated by ruderants (36.5%) and adventive species (24.5%). The share (60%) of species with a mixed life strategy indicates changes in moisture conditions and soil trophism. A 2.4% of shade-loving plants and the presence of 14.7% nitrophils indicate an imbalance in the structure of forest shelter belts. Depletion of species composition, ecological and trophic structure of bird groups testify to the decrease in the capacity of forest shelter belts and their statio diversity, reduction of protective, environment-creating functions and other ecosystem services. In the three-tiered dense forest shelter belts with developed undergrowth and understorey, 10–27 species of birds nest. In general, avifauna is represented by 2 ecological groups (93.1% dendrophiles, 6.9% sclerophiles), divided into 5 types of nesting strategy (with a predominance of hollow-nests 37.0–53.3%), and 5 types of feeding (with a predominance of entomophagous 70.4–90.0%). Twenty-nine species have been identified on nesting, 27 of which are subject to protection at the level of international agreements. There are no adventive species, the index of synanthropization of avifauna is high – 0.85–1.0. For organic technologies to increase the potential of biological protection of fields from entomological pests by attracting insectivorous birds is relevant.
First report of the white rotting fungus Sarcodontia crocea in Armenia
Authors: Gasparyan Arsen , Szczepkowski Andrzej
Published: April 2021

The Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl. is recorded for the first time from Armenia. The specimen has been collected from the old fallen branch of apple tree (Malus sp.) and known from the single locality, the private orchard at the Vahagni village, Lori province. Herein, the collected specimen, habitat and threats are briefly described. Further inclusion to the Red Data Book of Armenia is recommended.
In vitro plant regeneration of Christmas cactus (Schlumbergera truncata (Haw.) Moran) by indirect morphogenesis
Authors: Chornobrov Oksana , Bilous Svitlana
Published: April 2021

Plants of Schlumbergera truncata (Haw.) Moran were obtained by indirect morphogenesis from the segment section of shoots in vitro, they were multiplied and rooted. Also were determined the effect of the lighting regime, the composition of the nutrient medium on the consistency and frequency of callus formation. The studies were conducted during 2016–2018. The mode of effective sterilization (more than 90%) of S. truncata plant explants using 0.1% HgCl2 for 7–8 min was established. Optimal conditions for the induction of callus formation in stem node segments of S. truncata plants (rate more than 90% and significant growth) were created on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) nutrient medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 0.3 mg/l NAA (1-naphthylacetic acid) under conditions of placement on the nutrient medium and doing a significant number of cuts on the explants. The light intensity of 2.0–3.0 klx, obtained by a callus of dense consistency of dark green pigmentation, when using the thermostat condition without illumination, the callus had loose consistency, dark yellow pigmentation. It is established that the influence of the lighting regime and the composition of the nutrient medium on the frequency of callus formation is statistically significant. The largest number of shoots was obtained on the MS medium with the addition of 2.0 mg/l of BA. At the same times, shoot proliferation and root induction in such numbers were observed on MS culture medium with the addition of 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l kinetin (multiplication factor – 8.8±0.6 per 60-day cultivation cycle).
Raw material of Besemah traditional house construction in Indonesia
Authors: Febryano Indra Gumay , Harum Oktarine Melly Aminah , Wulandari Christine , Hidayat Wahyu , Banuwa Irwan Sukri , Prasetia Hendra , Iswandaru Dian , Novriyanti Novriyanti , Duadji Noverman , Tresiana Novita , Zulfiani Dini , Ichsan Andi Chairil , Salampessy Messalina Lovinia
Published: April 2021

The traditional house is one of the nature reserves that have the characteristics of various regions and must be protected and preserved. This research aimed to explain the species of wood used in the manufacture of traditional Besemah houses in the Pelang Kenidai Village, Central Dempo District, Pagaralam City, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The implemented methodology of this study was a qualitative approach alongside a case study method. The wood species used in the preservation of traditional Besemah houses (ghumah baghi) consisted of three species: mersawa (Anisoptera sp.), surian (Toona sureni Merr.) and rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha). The government is expected to support the preservation of traditional houses through policies on preserving traditional houses, rehabilitating forests and land, cultivating the species of wood used as raw materials for making traditional houses, providing alternative species of other wood as a substitute for these woods, developing culture-based tourism and supporting the community in preserving the culture they have.
Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) using response surface methodology
Authors: Huyen Tran Thi , Quoc Le Pham Tan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a common spice and precious herbal plant in Vietnam. It contains many bioactive compounds, especially phenolic compounds useful for human health. Hence, the extraction and application of these compounds in medical technology are necessary.

Objective: The goal of this study is to determine the optimal extraction conditions with the assistance of microwave, for instance solvent/material ratio (ml/g), solvent concentration (%, v/v) and extraction time, on the extraction yield of ginger rhizome, such as total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AC).

Methods: The dried sample was extracted by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). TPC and AC of received extract were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and phenanthroline assay. The optimization process used response surface methodology (RSM) (Central composite face design, CCF) with major influencing factors including solvent concentration, solvent/material ratio and extraction time.

Results: The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were the ethanol concentration of 60%, ethanol/material ratio of 48.6/1 (ml/g), extraction time of 1 minute.

Conclusion: The maximum TPC and AC peaked at 27.89±1.99 mg GAE/g dry matter and 12.24±0.04 mmol Fe/g dry matter (DM) at optimal extraction conditions. Besides, some factors strongly affected the extraction yield and interacted together.
Global Labor Market Trends and Their Significance for the Future Employees’ Competences
Authors: Przytuła Sylwia
Published: April 2021

Objective: The theoretical purpose of this article is to present social, technological, economic and cultural trends that determine the global labor market, new needs on the labor market and create new competences and professions. The goal of empirical research was to diagnose the most challenging trends for HR specialists and to identify key competencies on the global workforce market.

Methodology: The paper, apart from desk-research and literature review, presents the results of exploratory pilot research. Purposive sampling was applied and the questionnaire was addressed to 44 managers and HR specialists (“key informants”, Myers, 2009) who are participants of postgraduate studies in HR Business Partner, Human Resource Management. The conducted research was idiographic, which means that its conclusions concern only the studied population. But resignation from a broad generalization of results does not necessarily reduce their cognitive value (Chełpa, 2003).

Findings: The biggest challenges for HR were: retention of employees and building their loyalty, shortage of employees on the labor market, management of employees of different generations. It can be said that these challenges are inherent with global trends and problems faced by employers. Respondents pointed to the most desirable competences nowadays and in the near future: IT competencies, intercultural skills, creative and cognitive thinking, ability to work in virtual and multicultural teams. To the key personnel activities which in the next 5 years will gain in importance belonged: mobile working, hiring experts (freelancers), crowd working, portfolio work.

Value Added: This theoretical-empirical study organizes the current results of foresight research on HR trends, in order to develop an aggregated list of the most desirable competencies on the global labor market. Knowledge about the missing, niche competencies of employees pointed out by employers will allow targeting education systems and equipping employees equipped with the most demanded skills and knowledge.

Recommendations: The challenges of the global labor market presented in this article will contribute to disappearance of many previous professions, changes in the nature of work and the emergence of its new forms. In the coming years, many HRM practices will require the revision and implementation of new personnel solutions for recruitment, motivation and career path creation. A flexible career understood as a “portfolio of projects and experiences” of an employee will develop in any direction. Communication model in companies will also be transformed, as mobile devices will become an office, a training room and a personal assistant.
Light Conditions Affect NaCl-Induced Physiological Responses in a Clonal Plant Species Hydrocotyle vulgaris
Authors: Samsone Ineta , Andersone-Ozola Una , Karlsons Andis , Ievinsh Gederts
Published: April 2021

In order to understand if differences in light conditions can affect responses of a clonal plant species to increased soil salinity, the long-term effect of two substrate concentrations of NaCl on leaf growth, clonal plasticity and oxidative enzyme (peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase) activity in Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. plants grown at low, moderate and high light conditions was studied. H. vulgaris appeared to be a shade-tolerant species, since both leaf blade and petiole growth was inhibited at low light intensity. At low light intensity, H. vulgaris plants represented characteristics of halophytes with significant stimulation of leaf blade and petiole growth by NaCl, especially at low concentration. Secondary clonal growth was stimulated by increased salinity in low light and, for 25 mM NaCl treatment, even in moderate light. There was more than a five-fold increase of peroxidase activity by 100 mM NaCl treatment in high light conditions, in comparison to two-fold and four-fold increase in low and moderate light, respectively. The existence of different endogenous control mechanisms during H. vulgaris response to light and NaCl at the level of leaf growth, clonal growth and oxidative metabolism could be proposed. The possible ecological meaning of the presented results is discussed in detail.
Psychological Dangers in Participatory Theatre
Authors: Scott Hailey
Published: April 2021

The emerging popularity of participatory theatre encourages audiences to immerse their senses in the art form. My research aimed to analyze how artists can make their participatory performances psychologically accessible without compromising their creative intentions. The awareness surrounding mental health and psychological safety has grown alongside audiences' and artists' desire to engage with art intimately; thus, artists are encouraged to find a creative way to implement safeguards.

            My research began with conducting interviews with mental health professionals and studying texts on psychology. Understanding how emotions are constructed allowed me to explore how an individual's relationship with danger can fluctuate between feelings of exhilaration or the fear of harm. I analyzed Antonin Artaud's Theatre of Cruelty theory and defined the emerging theory of Theatre of Care. I investigated where the danger lies within these theories and how audience emotions can be exploited for the sake of immersion. To provide examples, I conducted case studies of various participatory performances I have attended and researched to illustrate successful applications of audience safety and potential dangers. Finally, I highlighted dramaturgical elements to incorporate psychological safeguards in participatory performance.

            My results suggest that individuals construct their emotions from past experiences. Theatre of Cruelty and Theatre of Care theories represent how, although marketed as different audience experiences, they possess many opportunities for triggering psychological harm due to the immersive representation of reality. Consequently, artists must implement psychological safeguards, both dramaturgically integrated into the performance and externally available, to reduce the likelihood of psychological harm and trauma.
Computational Model of the Influence of an 835 MHz Patch Antenna Distance on Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and Temperature Change in the Human Head
Authors: Green Samantha
Published: April 2021

Human exposure to mobile phone radio frequency (RF) radiation has caused public concern for human health. Mobile phone RF exposure depends on many different parameters. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of both the RF source distance from a human head and of output power levels on the temperature change and the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the head. The peak spatially-averaged SAR over 1 g of tissue is also identified to compare the study results to Health Canada’s Safety Code 6 exposure limits. The SAR and temperature change in the head are simulated in this study using a Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) head model with heterogeneous dielectric properties and a microstrip patch antenna operating at a frequency of 835 MHz. The microstrip patch antenna distance from the head is varied from 0-15mm and it is operated at three different time-averaged output power levels. The simulation is performed using COMSOL Multiphysics software and is solved with the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The results show that both SAR and temperature change in the head model increase as the distance between the head model and the patch antenna decreases. The peak spatially-averaged SAR over 1 g of tissue is found to triple as the phone moves from 4mm from the head to 0mm from the head. The results from this study indicate that to mitigate possible health risks from RF radiation mobile phones should be kept at least 4mm from the head.