bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Continuous Flows on Networks
Authors: Zou Justina , Guo Yi , Banks David
Published: April 2022

There are many cases in which one has continuous flows over networks, and there is interest in predicting and monitoring such flows. This paper provides Bayesian models for two types of networks—those in which flow can be bidirectional, and those in which flow is unidirectional. The former is illustrated by an application to electrical transmission over the power grid, and the latter is examined with data on volumetric water flow in a river system. Both applications yield good predictive accuracy over short time horizons. Predictive accuracy is important in these applications—it improves the efficiency of the energy market and enables flood warnings and water management.
Message Design Animation In Elearning To Stimulate Students To Design Messages Using Technolog
Authors: Firmansah Muhammad Lukman Haris
Published: April 2022

This research is research and development by utilizing animation in e-learning to form new knowledge for students. In addition to knowledge, this research also develops students' skills in designing messages using technology. The results are in the form of videos, animations and blogs, these are the results of the use of ADDIE research and development designs. The ADDIE model is oriented to the competition and conditional audience. The competency results showed that the attendance of 30 students showed an average of 82%, assignments 76%, formative evaluation 82%, summative evaluation 86%, making papers 72%, discussion 88%, work results 86%, and presentations 82%. The ADDIE model also offers validation of the animation media used. The 3 validators showed that the categories were good for 1) The attractiveness and clarity of the message, 2) it was easy to understand both visually and auditory, 3) both the message relevance (systematic and structured). The reason this research was applied is that the use of animation is also used to support the presentation of teaching materials where during the pandemic, bold learning is applied. The use of animation is a lesson plan which is then continued with face-to-face learning with schynchronous zoom integrated with the Moodle application. The summative and formative scoring system uses a google form that is connected to Moodle using a link. In this study also assess the material from the animation of 3 validators in the form of story boards. The average results of the use of messages have a valid and contextual theoretical basis keywords.
Accident Analysiswork On Workers At The Glass Ambassador, Johan Pahlawan District, West Aceh Regency
Authors: Anastasya Putri Pohan Farda , Jun Musnadi Is Jun
Published: April 2022

Accident is an event that cannot be predicted and suspected by someone who experiences it which often results in losses both in terms ofmaterial and human life. The research method is carried out using descriptive qualitative research methods carried out through in-depth interviews (indept interviews). The results of the research conducted there are activities that are risky on human, mechanical andenvironmental factors at every stage of work at Duta Kaca. In the human factor, workers use PPE only glasses and masks if there is a need, and negligence is one of the triggers in working, on the mechanical factor. The available equipment also does not meet work standards, unfavorable machine conditions can also cause work accidents at Duta Kaca, In terms of the work environment, workers feel comfortable with their work environment and are accustomed to noise, so the environment does not trigger work accidents at Duta Glass. So it can be concluded that the aluminum service activities at Duta Kaca have risks that can be detrimental to the workers. It is suggested to the owners of Duta Kaca to pay more attention to workers to wearPersonal Protective Equipment.
PENERAPAN METODE SQ3R UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA TEKS NARRATIVE PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: YANTI SRI
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the students’ study result in English subject in narrative text reading skill for student at X social 1 grade in SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kepulauan. The subject of this research is the teacher and student at X Social 1 grade as the direct data collecting source in teaching learning process in classroom. Method used in collecting data is participation and observation method and also interview. Meanwhile, for analizing data by using descriptive analysis with classroom action research. The result after having 1st and 2nd siklus of research show that the SQ3R method application can increase the narrative’s text reading skill in learning process especially for English subject. This research result shows that before the using of SQ3R method, student result at 37,14%. The inceasing at the 1st siklus become 42,86%. After having the 2nd siklus, the student result become 79,05%. For students learning result before using SQ3R method only raising 58,57. After having learning improvement in 1st siklus, the learning result become 64,14. After having the 2nd siklus the student learning result become 74,14.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui Untuk mengetahui Hasil belajar siswa pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas X IPS 1 di SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kepulauan. dan Untuk mengetahui keterampilan membaca teks narrative pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas X IPS1 SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya Kepulauan. Adapun subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru Bahasa Inggris dan siswa kelas X IPS 1 sebagai sumber untuk mendapatkan data secara langsung melalui proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data ini adalah metode observasi partisipasi dan wawancara. sedangkan untuk menganalisis data adalah menggunakan diskriptif analisis dengan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas. Hasil yang telah diperoleh setelah mengadakan penelitian tindakan kelas siklus 1 dan 2 adalah pemanfaatan Metode SQ3R dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca teks narrative dalam proses pembelajaran khususnya pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada proses pembelajaran sebelum PTK rata-rata mencapai 37,14%, pada Siklus 1 mengalami peningkatan menjadi 42,86% perolehan ini belum maksimal dan kegiatan pembelajaran dilanjutkan pada Siklus II dan memperoleh rata-rata 79,05%. Kemudian pencapaian hasil belajar siswa sebelum PTK rata-rata hasil belajar mencapai 58,57 kemudian dilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus 1 hasil yang diperoleh mencapai 64,14 hal ini dirasakan belum maksimal dan dilanjutkan kembali pada siklus 2 hasil yang diperoleh mencapai rata-rata 74,14.
Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with stratospheric aerosol injection (ARISE-SAI)
Authors: Richter Jadwiga , Visioni Daniele , MacMartin Douglas , Bailey David , Rosenbloom Nan , Lee Walker , Tye Mari , Lamarque Jean-Francois
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Solar climate intervention using stratospheric aerosol injection is a proposed method of reducing global mean temperatures to reduce some of the consequences of climate change. A detailed assessment of responses and impacts of such an intervention is needed with multiple global models to support societal decisions regarding the use of these approaches to help address climate change. We present here a new modeling protocol and a 10-member ensemble of simulations using one of the most comprehensive Earth system models, aimed at simulating a plausible deployment of stratospheric aerosol injection and reproducibility of simulations using other Earth system models to enable community assessment of responses of the Earth system to solar climate intervention. The Assessing Responses and Impacts of Solar climate intervention on the Earth system with stratospheric aerosol injection (ARISE-SAI) simulations utilize a moderate emission scenario, introduce stratospheric aerosol injection at ~ 21 km in year 2035, and keep global mean surface air temperature near 1.5 °C above the pre-industrial value (ARISE-SAI-1.5). We present here the detailed set-up, aerosol injection strategy, and mean surface climate changes in these simulations so they can be reproduced in other global models.
Going down the rabbit hole: An exploration of the soil erosion feedback system
Authors: Batista Pedro Velloso Gomes , Evans Daniel Lee , Cândido Bernardo Moreira , Fiener Peter
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Soil erosion rates on arable land frequently exceed the pace at which new soil is formed. This imbalance leads to soil thinning (i.e., truncation), whereby subsoil horizons and their underlying parent material become progressively closer to the land surface. As subsurface horizons often have contrasting properties to the original topsoil, truncation-induced changes to soil properties might affect erosion rates and runoff formation through a soil erosion feedback system. However, the potential interactions between soil erosion and soil truncation are poorly understood due to a lack of empirical data and the neglection of long-term erodibility dynamics in erosion simulation models. Here we present a novel model-based exploration of the soil erosion feedback system over a 500-year period, using measured soil properties from a diversified database of 265 soil profiles in the United Kingdom. We found that modelled erosion rates in 39 % of the soil profiles were sensitive to truncation-induced changes in soil properties and that most of these truncation-sensitive profiles (75 %) displayed a deaccelerating erosion trend over the simulation period. This was largely explained by decreasing silt contents in the soil surface due to selective removal of this more erodible particle size fraction and the presence of clayey or sandy substrata. Moreover, the profiles with deaccelerating erosion trends had an increased residual stone cover, which armoured the land surface and reduced soil detachment. Contrastingly, the soils with siltier subsurface horizons continuously replenished the plough layer with readily erodible material, which accelerated the soil losses over time. Ultimately, our results demonstrate how soil losses can be sensitive to erosion-induced changes in soil properties, which in turn may accelerate or slow down soil thinning. These findings are likely to affect how we calculate soil lifespans and make long-term projections of land degradation.
Tesseract – A High-Stability, Low-Noise Fluxgate Sensor Designed for Constellation Applications
Authors: Greene Kenton , Hansen Christian , Narod B. Barry , Dvorsky Richard , Miles David M.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Accurate high-precision magnetic field measurements are a significant challenge for many applications including constellation missions studying space plasmas. Instrument stability and orthogonality are essential to enable meaningful comparison between disparate satellites in a constellation without extensive cross-calibration efforts. Here we describe the design and characterization of Tesseract – a fluxgate magnetometer sensor designed for low-noise, high-stability constellation applications. Tesseract’s design takes advantage of recent developments in the manufacturing of custom low noise fluxgate cores. Six of these custom racetrack fluxgate cores are securely and compactly mounted within a single solid three-axis symmetric base. Tesseract’s feedback windings are configured as a four-square Merritt coil to create a large homogenous magnetic null inside the sensor where the fluxgate cores are held in near-zero field, regardless of the ambient magnetic field, to improve the reliability of the core magnetization cycle. A Biot-Savart simulation is used to optimize the homogeneity of field generated by the feedback Merritt Coils and was verified experimentally to be homogeneous within 0.42 percent along the racetrack cores’ axes; an improvement thirteen times that of the traditional ring-core sensor design. The thermal stability of the feedback windings is measured using an insulated container filled with dry ice inside a coil system. The sensitivity over temperature of the feedback windings is found to be between 13 ppm/°C and 17 ppm/°C. The sensor’s three axes maintain orthogonality to within at most 0.015 degrees over a temperature range of -45 °C to 20 °C; an improvement at least six times that of the ring-core sensor design. Tesseract’s cores achieve a magnetic noise floor of 5 pT/√Hz at one Hz. Tesseract will be flight demonstrated on the ACES-II sounding rockets, currently scheduled to launch in late 2022 and again aboard the TRACERS satellite mission as part of the MAGIC technology demonstration which is currently scheduled to launch in 2023.
Upgrade of LSA-SAF Meteosat Second Generation daily surface albedo (MDAL) retrieval algorithm incorporating aerosol correction and other improvements
Authors: Juncu Daniel , Ceamanos Xavier , Trigo Isabel F. , Gomes Sandra , Freitas Sandra C.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. MDAL is the operational Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) derived daily surface albedo product that is generated and disseminated in near real time by the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA-SAF) since 2005. We propose and evaluate an update to the MDAL retrieval algorithm which introduces the accounting for aerosol effects, as well as other scientific developments: pre-processing recalibration of radiances acquired by the SEVIRI instrument aboard MSG and improved coefficients for atmospheric correction as well as for albedo conversion from narrow- to broad-band. We compare the performance of MDAL broad-band albedos pre- and post upgrade with respect to two types of reference data: EPS-Metop based 10-day albedo product ETAL (which was found to be comparable to MODIS-based albedo in terms of accuracy) and albedo derived from in-situ flux measurements acquired by ground stations. For the comparison to ETAL — based on differences over the whole coverage area of SEVIRI — we see a reduction of average white-sky albedo mean bias error (MBE) from -0.02 to negligible levels (< 0.001), and a reduction of average mean absolute error (MAE) from 0.034 to 0.026 (–24 %). Improvements can be seen for black-sky albedo as well, albeit less pronounced (14 % reduction in MAE). Further analysis distinguishing individual seasons, regions, and land covers show that performance changes have spatial and temporal dependence: for white-sky albedo we see improvements over almost all regions and seasons relative to ETAL, except for Eurasia in winter; resolved by land cover we see a similar effect with improvements for all types for all seasons except winter, where some types exhibit slightly worse results (crop-, grass- and shrublands). For black-sky albedo we similarly see improvements for all seasons when averaged over the full dataset, although sub-regions exhibit clear seasonal dependence: performance of the upgraded MDAL version is generally diminished in local winter but better in local summer. The comparison against in-situ observations is less conclusive due to the well known problem of spatial representativeness of near-ground observations with respect to satellite pixel footprint sizes. Considering all evidence presented in this study, the updated algorithm version is considered to be able to deliver a valuable improvement of the operational MDAL product.
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for probabilistic weather and climate risk modelling: an implementation in CLIMADA v.3.1.0
Authors: Kropf Chahan M. , Ciullo Alessio , Otth Laura , Meiler Simona , Rana Arun , Schmid Emanuel , McCaughey Jamie W. , Bresch David N.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Modelling the risk of natural hazards for society, ecosystems, and the economy is subject to strong uncertainties, even more so in the context of a changing climate, evolving societies, growing economies, and declining ecosystems. Here we present a new feature of the climate risk modelling platform CLIMADA which allows to carry out global uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. CLIMADA underpins the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) methodology which provides decision makers with a fact-base to understand the impact of weather and climate on their economies, communities, and ecosystems, including appraisal of bespoke adaptation options today and in future. We apply the new feature to an ECA analysis of risk from tropical cyclone storm surge to people in Vietnam to showcase the comprehensive treatment of uncertainty and sensitivity of the model outputs, such as the spatial distribution of risk exceedance probabilities or the benefits of different adaptation options. We argue that broader application of uncertainty and sensitivity analyses will enhance transparency and inter-comparison of studies among climate risk modellers and help focus future research. For decision-makers and other users of climate risk modelling, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis has the potential to lead to better-informed decisions on climate adaptation. Beyond provision of uncertainty quantification, the presented approach does contextualise risk assessment and options appraisal, and might be used to inform the development of story-lines and climate adaptation narratives.
Empirical Assessment of Normalized Information Flow for Quantifying Causal Contributions
Authors: Cheng Chin-Hsien , Redfern Simon
Published: April 2022

Abstract. To understand the plethora of important processes that are characterized by their complexity, such as global climate change, it is important to quantify causal contributions between time series variables. Here, we examine the hypothesis that the normalized causal sensitivity (nCS) can be measured by the (modified) normalized information flow, nIF (or mdnIF). The instantaneous causal sensitivity is defined by absolute causal contributions to the effect variable over the change in cause variable. The nCS needs to be comparable among i) causes, ii) at different times and iii) from various locations. Therefore, if our hypothesis holds, the nIF must also fulfil these three requirements. We verify, empirically, that the causal contributions between variables can be reasonably estimated by the product of a constant “maximal causal sensitivity” and a modified nIF. Between opposite causal directions, causal sensitivity can be further normalized by the larger “maximal causal sensitivity”. Our method is useful when there are: i) strong but hard-to-quantify noise contributions to the effect variable, ii) significant causal time-lags with a need to estimate the lag, iii) many causes from various locations to an overall mean effect with a need to differentiate their causal contributions, or iv) causal contributions at higher order.
Front pages, editorial and new associate editors
Authors: JOLLIFFE FLAVIA R. , GAL IDDO
Published: April 2022

First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
CALL FOR PAPERS: REASONING ABOUT DISTRIBUTIONS
Authors: JOLLIFFE FLAVIA R. , GAL IDDO
Published: April 2022

First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
EFFECT OF CALCULATOR TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT IN AN INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS COURSE
Authors: COLLINS LINDA BRANT , MITTAG KATHLEEN CAGE
Published: April 2022

We report on a study of the relationship between calculator technology and student learning in two introductory statistics class sections taught by the same instructor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. At the introduction of hypothesis testing and confidence intervals, one class section (A) was given graphing calculators capable of inferential statistics to use for a few weeks. At the same time, the other class section (B) was given non-inferential graphing calculators. Data were collected on all test grades and daily quiz grades for both class sections. The students were allowed to use the inferential calculators on only the examination covering hypothesis tests and confidence intervals and on the final examination. Both sections received the same tests. We found that although use of the calculator with inferential capabilities is associated with improved scores on the inferential examination, the improvement is not significant once we adjust for performance on previous tests. Still, we note that on final examination questions specifically utilizing the calculator inference functions, the two classes perform similarly. In fact, both classes had trouble with “calculations” while at the same time answering “concept” questions fairly well. The inferential calculator did not appear to give students any clear advantage or disadvantage in their performance on examinations.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE “ATTITUDES TOWARD RESEARCH” SCALE
Authors: PAPANASTASIOU ELENA C.
Published: April 2022

Students at the undergraduate level usually tend to view research methods courses negatively. However, an understanding of these attitudes is necessary to help instructors facilitate the learning of research for their students, by enabling them to create more positive attitudes toward such courses. The aim of this study is to describe the development of an “attitudes toward research” scale and verify the dimensions of attitudes toward research among undergraduate students enrolled in introductory research courses. The basic hypothesis of this research study is that the concept of attitudes is multidimensional in nature. The sample of the study consisted of 226 students who had completed a research methods course. Based on a factor analysis, five factors of student attitudes toward research were identified. These were the factors of usefulness of research, anxiety, affect indicating positive feelings about research, life relevancy of research to the students’ daily lives, and difficulty of research.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
“VARIATION-TALK”: ARTICULATING MEANING IN STATISTICS
Authors: MAKAR KATIE , CONFREY JERE
Published: April 2022

Little is known about the way that teachers articulate notions of variation in their own words. The study reported here was conducted with 17 prospective secondary math and science teachers enrolled in a preservice teacher education course which engaged them in statistical inquiry of testing data. This qualitative study examines how these preservice teachers articulated notions of variation as they compared two distributions. Although the teachers made use of standard statistical language, they also expressed rich views of variation through nonstandard terminology. This paper details the statistical language used by the prospective teachers, categorizing both standard and nonstandard expressions. Their nonstandard language revealed strong relationships between expressions of variation and expressions of distribution. Implications and the benefits of nonstandard language in statistics are outlined.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
EXPLORING STUDENTS’ CONCEPTIONS OF THE STANDARD DEVIATION
Authors: DELMAS ROBERT , LIU YAN
Published: April 2022

This study investigated introductory statistics students’ conceptual understanding of the standard deviation. A computer environment was designed to promote students’ ability to coordinate characteristics of variation of values about the mean with the size of the standard deviation as a measure of that variation. Twelve students participated in an interview divided into two primary phases, an exploration phase where students rearranged histogram bars to produce the largest and smallest standard deviation, and a testing phase where students compared the sizes of the standard deviation of two distributions. Analysis of data revealed conceptions and strategies that students used to construct their arrangements and make comparisons. In general, students moved from simple, one-dimensional understandings of the standard deviation that did not consider variation about the mean to more mean-centered conceptualizations that coordinated the effects of frequency (density) and deviation from the mean. Discussions of the results and implications for instruction and further research are presented.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
THINKING TOOLS AND VARIATION
Authors: PFANNKUCH MAXINE
Published: April 2022

This article discusses five papers focused on “Research on Reasoning about Variation and Variability”, by Hammerman and Rubin, Ben-Zvi, Bakker, Reading, and Gould, which appeared in a special issue of the Statistics Education Research Journal (No. 3(2) November 2004). Three issues emerged from these papers. First, there is a link between the types of tools that students use and the type of reasoning about variation that is observed. Second, students’ reasoning about variation is interconnected to all parts of the statistical investigation cycle. Third, learning to reason about variation with tools and to understand phenomena are two elements that should be reflected in teaching. The discussion points to the need to expand instruction to include both exploratory data analysis and classical inference approaches and points to directions for future research.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
OBSTACLES IN THE LEARNING OF PROBABILISTIC KNOWLEDGE: INFLUENCE FROM THE TEXTBOOKS
Authors: SERRADÓ ANA , CARDEÑOSO JOSÉ M , AZCÁRATE PILAR
Published: April 2022

In this work we first reinterpret, using the idea of (epistemological, cognitive and didactical) obstacle some biases, heuristics, fallacies and paradoxes that arise in assigning probabilities to random phenomena, and have been described in previous research. We then reflect on the way obstacles should be taken into account in the process of teaching and learning probability. Thirdly, we analyse some didactic units related to “Dealing with chance” in a sample of Compulsory Secondary Education Spanish’s textbooks (12 to 16 year- old students) to show some possible obstacles that might be induced by the presentation of this knowledge in the books. The final aim is providing some criteria to elaborate new textbooks that take into account research on probability education. Note: An extended summary in English is provided at the beginning of this paper, which is written in Spanish.
First published November 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
PEOPLE’S INTUITIONS ABOUT RANDOMNESS AND PROBABILITY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: LECOUTRE MARIE-PAULE , ROVIRA KATIA , LECOUTRE BRUNO , POITEVINEAU JACQUES
Published: April 2022

What people mean by randomness should be taken into account when teaching statistical inference. This experiment explored subjective beliefs about randomness and probability through two successive tasks. Subjects were asked to categorize 16 familiar items: 8 real items from everyday life experiences, and 8 stochastic items involving a repeatable process. Three groups of subjects differing according to their background knowledge of probability theory were compared. An important finding is that the arguments used to judge if an event is random and those to judge if it is not random appear to be of different natures. While the concept of probability has been introduced to formalize randomness, a majority of individuals appeared to consider probability as a primary concept
First published May 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SERJ 2006 REFEREES
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

Acknowledgement: We are grateful to the following who acted as referees for the Statistics Education Research Journal in the past year.
First published November 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Front pages and editorial
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published May 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
CALL FOR PAPERS: REASONING ABOUT INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published May 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
STUDENTS’ EXPECTATIONS OF INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS INSTRUCTORS
Authors: EARLEY MARK A.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to talk to students about their experiences taking introductory statistics. The author met with eleven students individually for four interviews throughout the semester, followed by a member- checking focus group during the last week of classes. One of the most salient themes to emerge was the students’ reliance on their instructor for feedback about performance, directions on taking notes, and the creation of a classroom environment that motivated them to study. As part of the phenomenological tradition, the author presents his own reflections based on these students’ comments. Conclusions include the encouragement of instructors to be more mindful of students’ reactions to course content, and suggestions for developing a more learner-centered learning environment.
First published May 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP OF STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD STATISTICS, PRIOR REASONING ABILITIES AND COURSE PERFORMANCE
Authors: TEMPELAAR DIRK T. , VAN DER LOEFF SYBRAND SCHIM , GIJSELAERS WIM H.
Published: April 2022

Recent research in statistical reasoning has focused on the developmental process in students when learning statistical reasoning skills. This study investigates statistical reasoning from the perspective of individual differences. As manifestation of heterogeneity, students’ prior attitudes toward statistics, measured by the extended Survey of Attitudes Toward Statistics (SATS), are used (Schau, Stevens, Dauphinee & DeVecchio, 1995). Students’ statistical reasoning abilities are identified by the Statistical Reasoning Assessment (SRA) instrument (Garfield 1996, 1998a, 2003). The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between attitudes and reasoning abilities by estimating a full structural equation model. Instructional implications of the model for the teaching of statistical reasoning are discussed.
First published November 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SERJ 2007 REFEREES
Authors: GAL IDDO , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

Acknowledgment: We are grateful to the people who acted as referees for the Statistics Education Research Journal in the past year.
First published November 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
ASSESSING TEACHERS’ DISCOURSE ABOUT THE PRE-K–12 GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTION IN STATISTICS EDUCATION (GAISE)
Authors: GROTH RANDALL E.
Published: April 2022

This paper starts from the premise that teachers’ discourse communities influence how ideas for reform are implemented. In order to understand some of the discourse surrounding the reforms proposed by GAISE, an online focus group activity was conducted. The focus group consisted of pre-service and practicing teachers responsible for teaching statistics at various grade levels. Focus group discourse was used to formulate a set of working hypotheses about actions that need to be taken to facilitate the implementation of GAISE. Working hypotheses emphasized that statistics educators need to play roles in developing teachers’ content knowledge, helping teachers understand the differences between mathematics and statistics, deepening teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, building teachers’ curricular knowledge, and influencing the writing of state-level standards.
First published May 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Front pages and editorial
Authors: PETOCZ PETER , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
LOCAL AND GLOBAL THINKING IN STATISTICAL INFERENCE
Authors: PRATT DAVE , JOHNSTON-WILDER PETER , AINLEY JANET , MASON JOHN
Published: April 2022

In this reflective paper, we explore students’ local and global thinking about informal statistical inference through our observations of 10- to 11-year-olds, challenged to infer the unknown configuration of a virtual die, but able to use the die to generate as much data as they felt necessary. We report how they tended to focus on local changes in the frequency or relative frequency as the sample size grew larger. They generally failed to recognise that larger samples provided stability in the aggregated proportions, not apparent when the data were viewed from a local perspective. We draw on Mason’s theory of the Structure of Attention to illuminate our observations, and attempt to reconcile differing notions of local and global thinking.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STATISTICAL INFERENCE AT WORK: STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: BAKKER ARTHUR , KENT PHILLIP , DERRY JAN , NOSS RICHARD , HOYLES CELIA
Published: April 2022

To characterise statistical inference in the workplace this paper compares a prototypical type of statistical inference at work, statistical process control (SPC), with a type of statistical inference that is better known in educational settings, hypothesis testing. Although there are some similarities between the reasoning structure involved in hypothesis testing and SPC that point to key characteristics of statistical inference in general, there are also crucial differences. These come to the fore when we characterise statistical inference within what we call a “space of reasons” – a conglomerate of reasons and implications, evidence and conclusions, causes and effects.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SERJ 2008 REFEREES
Authors: PETOCZ PETER , SHORT TOM
Published: April 2022

Acknowledgement: We are grateful to the following who acted as referees for the Statistics Education Research Journal in the past year.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Adolescentes em território de grande circulação de substâncias psicoativas: uso e prejuízos
Authors: Silva Silas Zil da , Pillon Sandra Cristina , Zerbetto Sônia Regina , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Barroso Tereza Maria Mendes Diniz de Andrade , Alves Jheynny Sousa , Cruz Jefferson Pereira Maciel da , Gonçalves Angélica Martins de Souza
Published: April 2022

Objetivou descrever o perfil de problemas associados ao uso de substâncias entre adolescentes, estudantes de ensino fundamental de uma escola situada em território de intensa circulação de drogas, e verificar as relações com uso e características sociodemográficas. Estudo transversal e correlacional preditivo, com 109 estudantes do nono ano, que responderam ao questionário contendo informações sociodemográficas e o Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI). Os dados foram analisados por estatísticas descritivas, testes de associação e cálculo de densidades de problemas investigadas pelo DUSI. Houve maior densidade de problemas para todas as áreas de vida investigadas dentre os escolares que já haviam feito uso de substâncias psicoativas. “Praticar a religião” foi identificado como fator de proteção para o uso de substâncias psicoativas e “trabalhar” como fator de risco para o uso de álcool. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de estratégias preventivas direcionadas ao uso de substâncias e orientadas a esse público.
Autocompaixão e ações de promoção à saúde mental como moderadores da ansiedade entre idosos institucionalizados
Authors: Machado Beatriz Dantas , Jesus Isabela Thaís Machado de , Manzini Patrícia Regina , Carvalho Lucas Pelegrini Nogueira de , Cardoso Juliana de Fatima Zacarin , Orlandi Ariene Angelini dos Santos
Published: April 2022

Objetivou-se verificar a relação entre ansiedade, autocompaixão e ações de promoção à saúde mental de idosos residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência. Estudo exploratório, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 88 idosos residentes em seis instituições de cinco cidades do interior do Estado de São Paulo, entre 2016 e 2017, utilizando um questionário de caracterização dos participantes, o Mini exame do Estado Mental, o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck e a Escala de Autocompaixão. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, correlacionais e de regressão linear múltipla pelos mínimos quadrados ordinários. Todos os cuidados éticos foram respeitados. Para cada um ponto de aumento nos escores de autocompaixão houve redução de 1,11% nos escores de ansiedade (p=0,005). Ações de promoção à saúde mental reduziram em 0,54% (p=0,043) os escores de ansiedade. Concluiu-se que a autocompaixão e as ações de promoção à saúde mental reduziram a ansiedade em idosos institucionalizados.
Estudo ecológico das tendências de mortalidade em menores de 5 anos em Goiás, 2000–2018
Authors: Silva George Oliveira , Lemos Lucimeire Fermino , Aredes Natália Del' Angelo
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Identificar a taxa de mortalidade em crianças menores de 5 anos e descrever sua evolução no estado de Goiás quanto ao componente etário, variáveis sociodemográficas e evitabilidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de séries temporais utilizando regressão linear generalizada pelo método de Prais-Winsten para a análise de tendência. Resultados: A correlação das taxas de mortalidade com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família foi verificada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. O estado de Goiás apresentou tendência decrescente na taxa de mortalidade em crianças menores de 5 anos, com variação percentual anual de -1,6% (IC95% -1,8%– -0,9%) e correlação negativa com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (r=-0,193; p=0,023). Conclusão: As séries das taxas por evitabilidade e subgrupos de causas evitáveis foram decrescentes, com exceção dos óbitos reduzíveis por adequada atenção à mulher na gestação. Prevaleceram óbitos por causas evitáveis, sugerindo necessidade de melhorias na assistência materno-infantil.
Cultura de segurança no centro cirúrgico: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Fernandes Ana Regina Ramos Azevedo , Fassarella Cintia Silva , Camerini Flavia Giron , Henrique Danielle de Mendonça , Nepomuceno Raquel de Mendonça , Silva Renata Flavia Abreu da
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas sobre cultura de segurança pelos profissionais de saúde relacionada ao ambiente do centro cirúrgico. Método: Revisão integrativa crítica com busca nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus e Web of Science a partir dos descritores em ciências da saúde organizational culture, surgicenters e health personnel. Selecionaram- se 8 artigos, sendo 75% publicados pela enfermagem, a classe profissional mais encontrada nos estudos. Resultados: Na coleta de dados, 3 usaram o Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, 3 o Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, 1 o Safety Attitudes Questionnaire/Operating Room e 1 survey on-line. Duas dimensões foram consideradas frágeis, o apoio da gerência e a comunicação e a melhor pontuação foi o trabalho em equipe. Conclusão: Evidencia-se o uso de variados instrumentos para a avaliação da cultura de segurança no centro cirúrgico, apesar de haver um instrumento de aplicabilidade específica.
O cuidado da criança dependente de tecnologia na atenção primária à saúde: uso da simulação
Authors: Tavares Karina Sofia , Pina Juliana Coelho , Souza Ana Izabel Jatobá de , Machado Rosani Ramos , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti de Farias , De Lima Margarete Maria
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: identificar e descrever as contribuições da simulação na capacitação da equipe de enfermagem da Atenção Primária à Saúde para o cuidado da criança dependente de tecnologia. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado entre agosto e setembro de 2018, com profissionais de enfermagem de quatro centros de saúde de Florianópolis-SC, os quais participaram de capacitações teórico-práticas baseadas em simulações. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias, que abordaram a contribuição da simulação para o cuidado da criança dependente de tecnologia e as fragilidades do processo de trabalho, que demandam a necessidade de educação permanente. Conclusão: os profissionais relataram ganhos percebidos no resgate de conhecimentos e no desenvolvimento de habilidades, com potencial impacto nos cuidados da criança dependente de tecnologia, contribuindo para superação das fragilidades e barreiras encontradas pelos profissionais no cuidado domiciliar.
Manifestações clínicas apresentadas por crianças infectadas pela COVID-19: revisão integrativa
Authors: Bezerra Jallyne Colares , Braga Hévila Ferreira Gomes Medeiros , Melo Francisca Mayra de Sousa , Nascimento Aline Pereira do , Silva Flavio Brayan Balbino , Melo Emanuella Silva Joventino
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas sobre as manifestações clínicas apresentadas por crianças infectadas pela COVID-19. Método: Revisão integrativa conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS E SCIENCE DIRECT. Foram selecionados 20 artigos. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias temáticas: “Características clínicas leves ou moderadas” e “Síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica associada à COVID-19”. A maioria das crianças foi infectada pelos pais ou parentes próximos. A sintomatologia apresentada pelo público infantil foi predominantemente leve ou moderada e de recuperação rápida. As principais manifestações clínicas apresentadas pelas crianças infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 foram febre, sinais gastrointestinais, sinais respiratórios, e mais recente, sintomas semelhantes a Doença de Kawasaki, sendo denominada como síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica associada à COVID-19. Conclusão: Frente a isso, os profissionais da saúde devem estar alertas para o reconhecimento desses casos para possibilitar o manejo adequado e oportuno durante a assistência à saúde.
A experiência do distanciamento social dos estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Visentini Beatriz Pontes , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Silva Júlia Carolina de Mattos Cerioni , Pinho Paula Hayasi , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a experiência do distanciamento social durante a pandemia da COVID-19 dos estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública paulista. Método: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o método autobiográfico e a narrativa do sujeito. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário on-line e a análise se deu pela hermenêutica-dialética. Resultados: Participaram 63 universitários e duas categorias temáticas foram elaboradas: Categoria temática 1 – Sentimentos diversos a respeito da experiência do distanciamento social diante da pandemia; Categoria temática 2 – Estratégias de enfrentamento a respeito da experiência do distanciamento social diante da pandemia. Conclusão: Os resultados permitiram identificar a experiência dos estudantes de enfermagem durante o início da pandemia de COVID-19, assim como reconhecer o impacto psicossocial causado pela variedade de sentimentos, percepções e estratégias de enfrentamento realizadas como forma de lidar com a situação.
Prevalence of tungiasis in humans in Brazil and in its federative units: a systematic review
Authors: Silva Paranhos Laura , Alves Soares Vaz de Castro Pedro , Rotondo de Araújo Giovanna , Do Carmo Magalhães Fernanda , Trindade Bezerra Juliana Maria
Published: April 2022

Tungiasis is a neglected parasitic disease caused by penetration of female Tunga penetrans under the skin, causing important health outcomes in humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of tungiasis in Brazil and in its federative units. In November 2019, an investigation was carried out to find studies published from 1980 onwards in MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase databases, and in the gray literature, using descriptors related to the prevalence of tungiasis caused by T. penetrans in Brazil. Of the 542 studies found, only 16 published between 2002 and 2010 met the eligibility criteria to be included in this systematic review. Of the 16 selected publications, 14 addressed the prevalence of tungiasis in communities in the Northeast region of the country, one in the South and one in the Southeast. The general prevalence of the parasitosis in the studies ranged from 1.6% to 54.8%, predominantly in the five to nine age group. Eight studies considered the prevalence by gender, ranging from 2.2% to 62.2% for females and 1.1% to 62.5% for males. This systematic review presents an unprecedented survey of the prevalence of tungiasis, a parasitic disease whose dissemination is facilitated by several factors, occuring mainly in low-income communities. Considering the regionalization of the findings, the scarcity of publications, as well as disease neglect, more studies are required.
KEY WORDS: Tunga penetrans; occurrence; epidemiology; PRISMA; human.
Influence of plasma oxidation on proteins: modeling at the molecular level
Authors: Yusupov M. , Ghasemitarei M. , Mirzaev S. , Khalilov U.
Published: April 2022

Recently, the use of cold atmospheric plasmas for cancer therapy has become one of the most exciting topics of plasma application. Despite promising results from a large number of studies, the underlying mechanisms by which plasma acts on cancer cells are still elusive and require more thorough fundamental investigations. In this account, an overview is provided on our latest computational studies performed to investigate the interaction mechanisms of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated by cold atmospheric plasma with specific proteins relevant for cancer (treatment). In particular, the main attention is paid on the effect of these plasma species on the permeability of aquaporin and cystine/glutamate transporter xCT, used as model systems for integral membrane proteins. The simulation results help to gain insight in the underlying mechanisms of the noticeable rise of plasma-induced reactive species observed in cancer cells compared to normal cells, thereby improving overall understanding on the role of integral membrane proteins in the selective anticancer capacity of cold atmospheric plasma.
Determination of radio-chemical purity and specific activity of radionuclide lutetium-177 chloride without carrier
Authors: Sadikov I.I. , Khajiev L.O. , Abdukayumov A.M , Usarov Z.O.
Published: April 2022

In this work, methods for determining the radiochemical purity and specific activity of the radionuclide lutetium-177 in the form of chloride are considered. These indicators were determined by thin layer and paper chromatography. As a mobile phase in TLC, a solution of sodium citrate with a concentration of 0.1 mol/l was used, and in paper chromatography a 10% solution of ammonium acetate and methanol in a phase ratio of 1:1; and NH4OH:CH3OH:H2O in a phase ratio of 0.4:2:4.