bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charnoly body as a novel biomarker of nutritional stress in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sharma Sushil , Choga Joseph , Doghor Pearl , N-Kalala Fredy , Chauhan Ankur , Gupta Vineet , Wright Christopher , Foor Alison , Theberge Krystel Elliot , Mathur Shubhra , Renteria James
Published: August 2018

Background: Charnoly body (CB) was discovered as universal biomarker of cell injury in the developing undernourished rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons and in the intrauterine Domoic acid and Kainic acid-exposed mice hippocampus and hypothalamic neurons. The incidence of CB increased with the severity of nutritional and environmental neurotoxic insult. Purpose: We proposed that stress (nutritional/environmental)-induced cortisol release augments, whereas metallothioneins (MTs), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF inhibit CB formation to prevent progressive neurodegeneration, early morbidity, and mortality in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Results: CB is a pre-apoptotic biomarker of compromised mitochondrial bioenergetics and is formed in the most vulnerable cell in response to nutritional stress, intrauterine infection, environmental toxins, and/or drugs of abuse due to free radical overproduction and mitochondrial genome down-regulation. It appears as a pleomorphic, electron-dense multi-lamellar, quasi-crystalline stack of degenerated mitochondrial membranes in highly susceptible neurons and may be induced by microbial infection. CB formation was accompanied with stunted neuritogenesis in the aging mitochondrial genome knock out (RhOmgko) human dopaminergic (SK-N-SH, SHS-Y-5Y) neurons due to down-regulation of ubiquinone NADH oxidoreductase (complex-1). Transfection of RhOmgko neurons with ubiquinone NADH oxidoreductase (complex-1) gene and CoQ10, inhibited CB formation and augmented neuritogenesis, as confirmed in α-synuclein-metallothioneins triple knock out and weaver mutant mice. CB formation was attenuated in MTs-over-expressing weaver mutant mice.Findings: Accumulation of CB at the junction of axon hillock impairs axoplasmic transport of enzymes, neurotransmitters, hormones, neurotropic factors (NGF, BDNF), and mitochondria at the synaptic terminals to cause cognitive impairment, early morbidity, and mortality.  Nonspecific induction of CB causes alopecia, myelosuppression, and GIT symptoms in multi-drug-resistant malignancies. Antioxidants and MTs inhibit CB formation as free radical scavengers by zinc-mediated transcriptional regulation of genes involved in growth, proliferation, differentiation, and development. Hence drugs may be developed to prevent CB formation and/or enhance charnolophagy as a basic molecular mechanism of intracellular detoxification to avert cognitive impairments in AD.Conclusion: Brain regional monoamine oxidase-specific CBs can be detected by 11C or 18F-labeled MAO-A or MAO-B inhibitors in vivo in addition to 18FdG-PET neuroimaging to quantitatively assess and improve the mitochondrial bioenergetics in AD.     Key Words: Charnoly Body, Nutrition, Metallothioneins, Mitochondrial DNA, RhOmgko Neurons, Cortisol, IGF-1, BDNF, Alzheimer’s Disease
Decaffeinated coffee induces expression of tight junction proteins in rats with NAFLD.
Authors: Caporaso Nicola , G. Mazzone , V. Lembo , G. D’Argenio , P. Vitaglione , A. Rossi , M. Guarino , F. Morisco
Published: August 2018

Background: Recent evidence indicate that gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of NAFLD through the gut-liver axis. An altered gut permeability induced by  alterations of tight junction (TJ) proteins allows the passage of bacteria and substances leading to liver inflammation, hepatocyte damage and fibrosis. This study aims to evaluate the influence of decaffeinated coffee on gut permeability in a rat model of fat liver damage induced by a high fat diet (HFD).    Methods: Twelve Male Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups. The first group received HFD for 5 months and drank water; the second group received HFD for 5 months and drank water added with 1.2mL decaffeinated coffee/day starting from the 4th month;  the third group received standard diet (SD) and drank water. Protein and mRNA expression levels of Toll-Like Receptor-4 (TLR-4), Occludin and Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were assessed in rat intestines.    Results: A significant reduction of Occludin and ZO-1 was observed in HFD fed rats (0.97±0.05 vs 0.15±0.08 p˂0.01, and 0.97±0.05 vs 0.57±0.14 p˂0.001, respectively); this reduction was reverted in HFD+COFFEE rats (0.15±0.08 vs 0.83±0.27 p˂0.01, and 0.57±0.14 vs 0.85±0.12 p˂0.01, respectively). The TLR-4 expression up-regulated by HFD was partially reduced by coffee administration.                                                                                                                   Conclusions: HFD impairs the intestinal tight junction barrier integrity. Coffee increases the expression of tight junctions proteins reverting the altered gut permeability, and reduces TLR4 expression. Key Words: NAFLD, coffee, Occludin, Zonulin-1, rat model, TLR4.
Fucoidan Inhibits Vascular Remodeling in Transplant Vasculopathy in Rat
Authors: Soin Joanna , Kurzejamska Ewa , Gaciong Zbigniew , Henrykowska Gabriela , Bojakowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2018

Background: Fucoidan is a natural sulfated polysaccharide which exists mainly in the cell wall matrix of various species of brown seaweed. Various forms of fucoidan have also been recognized in some marine invertebrates such as sea urchins and sea cucumbers.Fucoidan inhibits the spread of cancerous cells by preventing the adhesion of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix in addition to inducing apoptosis, or programmed self-destruction, in human T-cells infected by T-cells leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) which causes adult T-cell leukemia. The polysaccharide has also been shown to stimulate the phagocytic action of macrophages and synthesis of several immune cell types, which increases protection against infection. Fucoidan gives the immune system a big boost by enhancing phagocytosis. Additionally, it increases the number of mature white blood cells which are circulating in the body, thereby bolstering the first line of defense against infections and diseases.Moreover, fucoidan has anti-coagulant, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic, anti-tumor properties and also many others.Methods and Results: In this study, we investigated whether fucoidan is able to alleviate the vascular remodeling process triggered by immunological stimuli in rat allogenic aorta transplantation model, in addition to the evaluated potential mechanisms responsible for the observed effects. Our rat aorta transplantation model was subjected to intraperitoneal or oral treatment with fucoidan or placebo. The results of our study demonstrated that fucoidan inhibits endointimal hyperplasia formation and vascular modulation. In particular, intraperitoneal and oral administration of fucoidan reduced neointima formation in allografts retrieved 8 weeks after transplantation. Moreover, both treatments with fucoidan reduced the number of smooth muscle (SM) a-actin positive cells in intima and adventitia, decreased percentage of macrophages in intima and media, and increased the number of leukocytes in media of the allografts. Fucoidan treatments have also caused reduction in apoptosis in allograft intima and media.Conclusion: Through our study, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of fucoidan on vascular remodeling in transplant vasculopathy within rats. Our study is the first report of the beneficial effects of fucoidan oral administration on this process, which may have important clinical implications and result in a better understanding of vascular remodeling. Keywords: fucoidan, transplant vasculopathy, vascular remodeling
GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA NA EMPRESA FAMILIAR:
Authors: Troccoli Irene Raguenet , Lisboa Felipe
Published: August 2018

A governança corporativa deve ser uma prioridade para as empresas, pois gera valor para seus acionistas. Este artigo qualitativo investigou a aplicação da governança corporativa em empresa familiar de primeira geração, examinando-se quais princípios de governança do IBGC estão sendo aplicados ou em processo de implantação. Os temas das entrevistas semiestruturadas foram governança na empresa, relações corporativas e assuntos relacionados ao contrato social, normas administrativas, código de ética e planejamento estratégico. O resultado indicou as prioridades de governança e a necessidade de uma reformulação do acordo de acionistas para conter princípios que ajudarão na sustentabilidade e na longevidade da empresa.
A EUTANÁSIA NO ÂMBITO INTERNACIONAL:
Authors: Diniz Ana Clara
Published: August 2018

A eutanásia é uma prática discutida em todos os continentes sobre sua legalidade e eficácia. O ato de cessar a vida de um ser humano sem perspectiva de cura, com intuito de lhe cessar o sofrimento por intermédio de uma morte provocada e intencional, se colide com diversos institutos do ordenamento jurídico, envolvendo principalmente o direito constitucional, civil e penal, e acabando por movimentar outros ramos das ciências jurídicas. Nesse trabalho, acompanha-se a eutanásia como prática legalizada em alguns países, as origens do seu surgimento, e sua aplicabilidade levando em consideração principalmente o direito constitucional português.
Impact of Climatic Variables on Carbon Content in Sugar Beet Root
Authors: Sánchez-Sastre Luis F. , Martín-Ramos Pablo , Navas-Gracia Luis M. , Hernández-Navarro Salvador , Martín-Gil Jesús
Published: August 2018

The impacts of climatic variables on the growth and carbon content of spring sown sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in the Castilla y Leon region (Northwestern Spain) were assessed by analyzing 35 beet crop variables at four sites over two cultivation years. ANOVA analysis allowed to discern that the location was the factor that had the highest effect on those variables. Fertilization treatments only had a significant impact on the variables derived from the quantity of fresh material (leaves), while the beet variety choice influenced the amount of nitrogen in leaves and the carbon to nitrogen ratio. It could be inferred that the percentage of root carbon content depended mostly on the location and that a higher percentage of root carbon content led to a higher content of dry matter, with a positive relationship with the sucrose content for the two types of varieties that were tested. Principal Component Analysis distinguished the climatic factors that most influenced each cultivation area in each cultivation year and provided a clear separation of the data in clusters, evidencing the uniqueness of each site.
Utility of the Teslar Facial Massager for Skin Elasticity and the Mechanism of its Effects
Authors: Maeda Kazuhisa , Koizumi Sakura , Sano Taiga , Yoshimura Ayano , Kiriyama Haruka , Mimura Seina
Published: August 2018

The Teslar is a facial massager that emits a weak electric current, where users have reported a beneficial effect on skin elasticity with continued use. Accordingly, we conducted a clinical utility study and a comprehensive gene analysis, with cultured human fibroblasts to investigate the utility and mechanism of this treatment. In this clinical utility study, we found significant improvement in skin elasticity in Teslar treatments, compared to controls after two weeks of treatment. In cell experiments, we found that adenosine triphosphate synthesis and collagen contraction were promoted in fibroblasts cultured in type I collagen gel, following Teslar treatment. We considered that Teslar treatment exerted a structurally regenerative effect on the dermal matrix, based on the results of GeneChip® Expression Analysis. In particular, we demonstrated that Teslar treatment promotes type I collagen mRNA expression and fibulin-5/DANCE (Developmental arteries and neural crest EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like) mRNA expression and protein levels, which are reduced with aging. We also found increases in LTBP-3 (Latent TGF-β binding protein-3) and CSPG4 (Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4) mRNA expression levels. Based on these results, we considered that Teslar treatment promoted dermal regeneration and recovery of skin elasticity.
Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors for Gene Transfer to the Central Nervous System
Authors: Artusi Sara , Miyagawa Yoshitaka , Goins William F. , Cohen Justus B. , Glorioso Joseph C.
Published: August 2018

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have a profound impact on human health worldwide and their incidence is predicted to increase as the population ages. ND severely limits the quality of life and leads to early death. Aside from treatments that may reduce symptoms, NDs are almost completely without means of therapeutic intervention. The genetic and biochemical basis of many NDs is beginning to emerge although most have complex etiologies for which common themes remain poorly resolved. Largely relying on progress in vector design, gene therapy is gaining increasing support as a strategy for genetic treatment of diseases. Here we describe recent developments in the engineering of highly defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors suitable for transfer and long-term expression of large and/or multiple therapeutic genes in brain neurons in the complete absence of viral gene expression. These advanced vector platforms are safe, non-inflammatory, and persist in the nerve cell nucleus for life. In the near term, it is likely that HSV can be used to treat certain NDs that have a well-defined genetic cause. As further information on disease etiology becomes available, these vectors may take on an expanded role in ND therapies, including gene editing and repair.
A Bottom-Up Model for Household Load Profile Based on the Consumption Behavior of Residents
Authors: Gao Bingtuan , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhu Zhenyu
Published: August 2018

The forecasting of the load profile of the domestic sector is an area of increased concern for the power grid as it appears in many applications, such as grid operations, demand side management, energy trading, and so forth. Accordingly, a bottom-up forecasting framework is presented in this paper based upon bottom level data about the electricity consumption of household appliances. In the proposed framework, a load profile for group households is obtained with a similar day extraction module, household behavior analysis module, and household behavior prediction module. Concretely, similar day extraction module is the core of the prediction and is employed to extract similar historical days by considering the external environmental and household internal influence factors on energy consumption. The household behavior analysis module is used to analyse and formulate the consumption behavior probability of appliances according to the statistical characteristics of appliances’ switch state in historical similar days. Based on the former two modules, household behavior prediction module is responsible for the load profile of group households. Finally, a case study based on the measured data in a practical residential community is performed to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed bottom-up household load forecasting approach.
Relation between Motor and Cognitive Skills in Italian Basketball Players Aged between 7 and 10 Years Old
Authors: Policastro Francesca , Accardo Agostino , Marcovich Roberto , Pelamatti Giovanna , Zoia Stefania
Published: August 2018

There is evidence supporting a correlation between motor, attention and working memory in children. This present study focuses on children aged between 7 and 10 years, who have been playing basketball in the last two years. The aim of this study is to verify the correlation between cognitive and motor abilities and to understand the importance of this correlation in basketball practice. A total of 75 children who were 7.2–10.99 years old were assessed in terms of their attention, motor manual sequences and visuo-spatial working memory. A regression analysis was provided. In this sample, the motor abilities of children were found to be correlated with attention (denomination task, R2 = 0.07), visuo-spatial working memory (R2 = 0.06) and motor manual sequencing (aiming and catching task, R2 = 0.05; and manual dexterity task, R2 = 0.10). These correlations justify the suggestion to introduce deeper cognitive involvement during basketball training. The development of executive functions could have an important impact on basketball practice and the introduction of attention and memory tasks could help coaches to obtain optimal improvement in performance during the training sessions.
Propylene Glycol in Free-Ranging Green Sea Turtle Plasma
Authors: Niemuth Jennifer N. , Harms Craig A. , Macdonald Jeffrey M. , Stoskopf Michael K.
Published: August 2018

Metabolomics is the study of metabolites, the small-molecular-weight end products of metabolism. Propylene glycol is a synthetic diol commonly used as antifreeze, as a humectant, and in the production of polyester compounds. In otherwise healthy animals, propylene glycol has generally been considered a contaminant, iatrogenic, or unexplained. We demonstrate the presence of propylene glycol in plasma of free-ranging apparently healthy green sea turtles Chelonia mydas and individuals impacted by cold stun syndrome, without iatrogenic administration or known sample processing contamination, using one- and two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques. There was not a statistically significant difference in relative propylene glycol concentration between the two cohorts (two-sided random sampling two-sample permutation test, P = 0.842, R = 1,000). The presence of this metabolite raises important questions about sea turtle physiology and potential latent environmental contamination and serves as a starting point for future characterization of lipid metabolism and glycolysis in green sea turtles.
Autistic Language Processing by Patterns Detection
Authors: De Luise Daniela Lopez , Saad Ben Raul , Pescio Pablo D , Saliwonczyk Christian Martin
Published: August 2018

The main goal of this article is to present an approach that allows the automatic management of autistic communication patterns by processing audio and video from the therapy session of individuals suffering autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Such patients usually have social and communication alterations that make it difficult to evaluate the meaning of those expressions. As their communicational skills may have different degrees of variation, it is very hard to understand the semantics behind the verbal behavior. The current work is based on previous work on machine learning for individual performance evaluation. Statistics show that autistic verbal behavior are physically expressed by repetitive sounds and related movements that are evident and stereotyped. The works of Leo Kanner and Ángel Riviere are also considered here. Using machine learning and neural nets with certain set of parameters, it is possible to automatically detect patterns in audio and video recording of patient's performance, which is an interesting opportunity to communicate with ASD patients.
Valuating IT Governance Strategies With Real Options in a Decision Making Framework
Authors: El Ghorfi Rabii , El Aroussi Mohamed , Ouadou Mohamed , Aboutajdine Driss
Published: August 2018

Information Technology Governance (IT Governance) is an integral part of enterprise governance which aims at controlling the formulation and the implementation of strategic objectives of an organization. The implementation of IT governance strategies generates goals and projects whose achievements are subject to the availability of IT resources. In order to monitor the achievement of these strategies, the authors propose to extend the traditional Real Option Analysis (ROA) framework to valuating governance strategies and illustrating them as classical governance notions. A decision-making framework aiming at generating the best investment decisions and responding to governance constraints is developed. In their simulation model, the authors consider control elements associated with quality, resources and time. This modeling approach stands out by opening the way to new decision-making models based on ROA and compliant with IT governance activities.
User Needs and Limitations of Existing Mobility Devices
Authors: Koumpouros Yiannis
Published: August 2018

The use of gait assistive devices, although can provide precious help can also have limitations or adverse consequences. The performance of daily activities is partially restrained by a series of factors having to do with the assistive device limitations or the limitations emerged from environmental causes. Valid and reliable assessment tools to classify and clarify their limitations or users' satisfaction do not exist. An extended literature search was performed for some of the most commonly mentioned assistive device limitations or dissatisfaction reasons and identified the most appropriate tools to be able to study such limitations and conclude in valid outcomes. A study was conducted in a rehabilitation hospital using the IPA, EQ5D and SF-12 tools. The size of the sample combined with the uncertainty related to the satisfaction of normal distribution prerequisite, led to use several statistical analysis tools and methodologies. A summary of the results from both the literature review and the real case study on a mixed group of mobility aid users are presented in the paper.
Mobile Application for Patients' Waiting Time Control and Management of Diagnostic Imaging Examinations
Authors: Zarakovitis Dimitrios , Tsoromokos Dimitrios , Tsaloukidis Nikolaos , Lazakidou Athina
Published: August 2018

Geographic information systems (GIS) are useful informative systems for reducing the waiting time of diagnostic imaging examinations. ArcGIS software is used to develop a digital questionnaire which is used as a data collection tool. The information concerns the patients' personal information, type of examination required and medical history. Data is collected in real time and through GPS capabilities, the patients' exact coordinates are determined. GIS applications are used to create digital maps which display the average waiting time for performing imaging tests. Questionnaire data and interactive maps are uploaded to a digital platform. Through this application, it is possible to locate patients who actually need diagnostic imaging examinations in real time. Observing the location of patients on digital maps makes it easier to redirect them to the nearest health care units with the shortest waiting time. Data can also be acquired by mobile phones.
Awareness and Use of Electronic Health Information Resources in Teaching, Research and Patient Care
Authors: Bello Samuel Akande
Published: August 2018

The central objective of this study was to determine the level of awareness and use of Electronic Health Information Resources (EHIRs) among the Academic Physicians of College of Medicine, University of Ibadan (COMUI), Nigeria. Others were to find out the frequency of use, the purposes and barriers against the use. Two hypotheses formulated and tested. This is a total enumeration research with 265 COMUI Academic Physicians, Nigeria. Questionnaire, designed with nominal and dichotomous questions was used. Data collected was analyzed with SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive statistics was used. Test of Pearson Moment Correlation (PMC) with Independent Sample t – test at 5% p – value used. The Academic Physicians mean age was 37.75. The results obtained indicated variations: 96.0% aware and used HINARI, 94.0% aware and used PubMed/Medline, NCBI was 64.9%. Hypothesis Test between awareness and use of EHIRs signified coefficient of proportionality (r = 218, p < 05).
Profile of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children Under 2 Years of Age
Authors: Cherungonath Anoop , Appaji L , Padma M , Arunakumari BS , Arunkumar AR , Avinash T , Vijay CR , Madhumati DS
Published: August 2018

Context: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) shows substantial differences in clinical and laboratory features and treatment responsiveness in different subgroups. Pediatric ALL <2 years is associated with worse outcome. Infantile ALL is characterized by high white blood cell (WBC) counts, bulky extramedullary disease, translocations of 11q23 locus. There is paucity of data on ALL under 2 years of age. Aims: This study aims to analyze clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunophenotypical parameters, and treatment responsiveness of ALL under 2 years. Settings and Designs: It is a retrospective data analysis conducted at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in South India. The study population includes all pediatric ALL, registered at this institute during January 2009 to December 2013, who were under 2 years at the time of presentation. Materials and Methods: There were 122 cases of ALL under 2 years of age of whom 48 refused treatment, and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, 70 cases are eligible for analysis. Details on clinical, hematological, biochemical, radiological, immunophenotypical, and cytogenetic features were collected from case records, hospital cancer registry, and analysis done using SPSS version 20. Kaplan–Meier curves plotted for survival analysis. Results:: Male:female ratio was 1.26:1 (infants - 1:1; 1–2 years group - 1.3:1). The most common clinical features were hepatomegaly (95%) and fever (89%). Hemoglobin level >11 gm% was seen in 12%, WBC counts above 50,000 in 26% and platelets below 20,000 in 20%. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase presents in 64% and uric acid in 12%. Immunophenotype done in 44 children; precursor-B ALL-41, precursor-T ALL-3. Central nervous system -positive disease and 11q23 translocation were noted in one infant each. Conclusions: Infants with ALL are associated with poor prognosis. Children in the 1–2 years are associated with significantly better outcome. WBC counts >50,000 are associated with poor prognosis among infants. Treatment refusal/abandonment rate is 43% in the study population which is comparable to that in literature.
A Case of Synchronous Primary Gastric Cancer and Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Pandiaraja Jayabal
Published: August 2018

Synchronous occurrence of primary gastric cancer and hepatocelluar carcinoma is very rare. It is mandatory to differentiate synchronous two primary lesions from metastatic lesion, because treatment modality is different for each disease. We report an interesting case of double malignancy, synchronous primary gastric cancer, and primary hepatocelluar carcinoma, who never had a cirrhosis, family history of cancer as well as hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection. Our patient managed with palliative chemotherapy due to multicentric hepatocelluar carcinoma with primary gastric cancer.
Erythema Multiforme: A Mysterious Lesion!
Authors: Shrihari TG , Shetty Shishir Ram
Published: August 2018

The term “erythema multiforme (EM)” includes a wide and controversial variety of clinical expressions at the present time. This study revises the EM minor characteristics according to the most important publications found in literature. EM is a distinct dermatologic hypersensitivity pathology characterized by cutaneous or mucous lesions, and eventually, it can also involve both. In the EM minor, only one mucous membrane is affected and usually is the oral mucosa. When occur in the skin, the lesions usually appear symmetrically in the extremities and may exhibit several forms; hence, the name EM, in a target form, could be continuous or recurrent and none additional systemic involvement is present for both cases. Nowadays, many authors separate etiologically the several manifestations of the EM spectrum. However, no clinical definition is still accepted thoroughly, making more difficult the comparisons of etiological and clinical aspects, histopathological studies, and therapeutic protocols. For the present work, we tried to elucidate through an extensive literature revision, some historical and current aspects of EM, focusing mainly the EM minor and its frequent association to herpes simplex virus, with their diagnostic characteristics and current therapeutics, to facilitate the physician understanding, and to favor future researches about this mysterious disease.
Review of The Birth of the Anthropocene by Jeremy Davies. 2016. Oakland, CA: University of California Press. 248 pages, ISBN 978-0520289987Paper ($27.95)
Authors: Go Chaya Ocampo
Published: August 2018

N/A
Review of Ecofeminism as Politics: Nature, Marx and the Postmodern, 2nd edition by Ariel Salleh. 2017. London: Zed Books. 369 pages, ISBN 978-1-7869-9040-2 Paper ($25.00)
Authors: Pellow David N.
Published: August 2018

N/A
Review of Alternatives to Capitalism: Proposals for a Democratic Economy by Robin Hahnel and Erik Olin Wright. 2016. London: Verso. 148 pages, ISBN 978-1-7847-8504-8 Paper ($19.95)
Authors: O'Hearn Dennis
Published: August 2018

N/A
Dataset Review—"Data-Planet: A Successful Private-Sector Data Resource"
Authors: Manning Patrick
Published: August 2018

n/a
Street as Common Space
Authors: Lotfata Yasin , Lotfata Aynaz
Published: August 2018

People describe street by “the place identity; the street culture; people feelings and use of space; everyday life; people and characteristics; shared space; land use and transportation; change in the aesthetic of the place; street economy and politics; and mythologies.” This paper pursues the philosophical discussions to dig into values of street as the common space.
“Soon It Would Be Too Hot”: Revisiting The Drowned World
Authors: Clement Tracey
Published: August 2018

We have entered an era in which we are threatened simultaneously by a revivified cold war and the ongoing calamity of climate change. I argue in this article that now is a good time to revisit J. G. Ballard’s 1962 novel The Drowned World. In its intertextual landscape, we find two real ruined cities (Hiroshima and New Orleans) that symbolize our two concurrent human-made eschatological threats. And revisiting The Drowned World now offers a timely reminder of the dangers of an anthropocentric worldview. Furthermore, this postapocalyptic story presents at least two ethically sound responses to the human-made crises we are complicit in creating. The Drowned World remains as relevant now as when it was written more than half a century ago.
Glitch_gli._ltc._
Authors: Colless Edward
Published: August 2018

The 2017 live-action remake of the 1995 anime Ghost in the Shell has attracted a storm of criticism over Hollywood whitewashing the original Japanese production as well as trivializing the original’s probing investigation of cyborg sentience. This essay explores a particular aspect of the breakdown of the human-cyborg interface in the remake: the protagonist’s subjective experience of unaccounted memories as a series of glitches in her digital vision. It does so by inducing glitches—as intensive surges or noisy interruptions—in the essay’s own critical vision.
Validation and expression analysis of predicted miRNAs in Phytophthora infestans and Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Madison Cassidy , Ospina-Giraldo Manuel
Published: August 2018

The post-transcriptional regulatory environment in oomycetes, especially in the economically important Phytophthora infestans and P. sojae, is poorly understood. In particular, the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their potential roles in infection are a topic of increasing interest. In this study, we attempted to experimentally verify the existence of five miRNAs from both P. infestans and P. sojae, which had been predicted using in silico approaches. In addition, we investigated the possibility of these miRNAs playing a role in Phytophthora pathogenicity. The presence of two of the five miRNAs, namely miR8788, predicted in P. sojae, and miRNA3, predicted in P. infestans, was confirmed in vivo by amplification using specific stem-loop primers and subsequent cloning and sequencing. Analysis of miR8788 expression during pathogenesis revealed that the transcriptional activity of this miRNA increases considerably over the first 24 h postinoculation, suggesting potential involvement of miRNA in infection development by P. sojae.
Manures Effectivity to Enhanced the Availability of Phosphorus, Crops Growth and Yield of Rice and Corn in Acid Upland Soil
Authors: Sulaiman Yoyo
Published: August 2018

The research was conducted in Tamanbogo Station Research in the 2007 Rainy Season in upland rice-corn intercropping farming. The research design used Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The treatments were 1). 15 t ha-1 manures + Residues of rock phosphate (RRP),  2). Without manures + RRP, 3). 15 t ha-1 manures + 150 kg  ha-1 SP 36 and  4). Without manures + 150 kg ha-1 SP 36. The upland rice was seeded in planting space of 25 cm x 25 cm, 2-3 seeds/hill. The land was treated with 1 t ha-1 of RP in the last farming year while SP36 was applicated each season. Urea and KCl fertilizers that were used on upland rice were 300 kg ha-1 and 100 kg ha-1, respectively while corns were fertilized with 250 kg ha-1 urea and 100 kg KCl ha-1. The research results showed that the availability of N and K nutrients in the soil at the time of before planting was low but the availability P was high. Application of manures and RRP increased C-organic, availability of P , Ca and  Cation Exchangeable Capacity in the soil. Application of 15 t ha-1 of manures with RRP increased dry biomass weight of rice and corn, there were 45.17 % and 49.23 %, respectively. The grain yield of rice and corn on the treatment of manures and RRP were not gave significant different compare to the yield was gained with SP 36  fertilizer.
Karakterisasi berbagai Jenis Bahan Lapisan Kedap, Ketebalan dan Nisbah Bentonit dengan Pasir: Konsep Dasar Pengelolaan Lahan Pasir Pantai
Authors: Saparso . , Tohari . , Shiddieq Dja’far , Setiadi Bambang
Published: August 2018

Coastal sandy land development faces the sand characteristics, the lower holding water capacity and the larger nutrient leaching due to heavier rainfall in the tropics, soil porosity and without soil layering so it need alternative technology for more efficient harvesting water resources in supporting the crop growing. The laboratory research studied the characteristic of various kind, thickness and ratio of hardplain material was carried out at Laboratory of Agronomy of UNSOED, Soil Mechanic of GMU. the SEM and X-RD of Lemigas Jakarta. Permeability determination by Falling Head which is appropriate measurment was not significantly different with ELE28-290 permeameter. Permeability of Kokap clay soil and Nanggulan bentonite were larger than the rainfall intensity in coastal sandy land. The Sentolo Vertisol content 68% calcium smectite had permeability 3,7 mm.day-1. Bentonite permeability were not significantly different due to more than 80% clay mineral composition. Therefore the permeability of natrium bentonite like as BPIB and BLUB namely 1.4 x 10-2 and 10-2 mm day-1 were lower than the calcium bentonite like as RMBL and BLBK permeability namely 4.3 x 10-2 and 2.43 x 10-2 mm day-1. Permeability of 0.5 cm thickness bentonite was not significantly different than 1.0 dan 1.5 cm thickness and those had very low permeability. Bentonite sand mixture 15 and 20 percent produced bentonite sand agregate that had mesopores by which allowing the drainage and available soil water so that those had water permeability 13.7 dan 10.3 mm day-1 respectively. The mixture 30-100% had not significantly different permeability namely 7.3 x 10-2 up to 1.4 10-2 mm day-1. The combination of tickness and the low ratio of bentonite sand mixutre need to be determined to produce favourable environment in supporting the plant growth.
Isolation and Selection of Rhizobium Tolerant to Pesticides and Aluminum from Acid Soils in Indonesia
Authors: Martani Erni , Margino Sebastian , Indradewa Didiek , Supriyo Agus
Published: August 2018

Application of Rhizobium as inoculum in acid soil requires specific characters, namely high tolerance to pesticide residues, soil acidity, and high concentration of Aluminum. This study was conducted to isolate Rhizobium having these characters. Inspite of acid soils from Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sulawesi and Java; root nodules of legumes planted in those regions were used as source of isolates. Rhizobial isolation was done using direct isolation andenrichment technique. A paper disc diffusion technique was used in selecting tolerance to pesticides. The selected isolates were examined the tolerance to pH, Al, and ability to form root nodule with soybean. From soil analysis, it could be seen the correlation between pH value and Al concentration. It means that the lower pH value the higher Al concentration. The number of Rhizobium isolates and its tolerance to paraquat was depended on soil type. From 173 strains of isolated Rhizobium, 24 strains were tolerance to pesticides and Aluminum. They were able to grow in wide range of pH, namely 3 – 8, or some of them in 5 - 8. Around 92% of the selected bacteria could form root nodules with soybean plant in different number and size. Hopefully, these isolates can be applied in the pesticide polluted agricultural lands, especially in acid soils with high concentration of Al, and it can also increase soybean production.Keywords: Acid soils, aluminium, Rhizobium, pesticides
Nitrogen and Phosphorous Movement Characteristic in Terrace Paddy Field Using Cascade Irrigation System in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan . , Yasin Syafrimen , Masunaga Tsugiyuki
Published: August 2018

West Sumatra is one of Indonesian rice bowl. The landscape of this province dominated by mountainous area with beautiful terrace paddy field lied from the middle slope to the lowland. The most common rice cultivation management in this area is application of cascade irrigation system with blanked amount of chemical fertilizer application. This study intends to figure out, whether this kind of paddy field management sustains and friendly to the environment or not. The results showed that cascade irrigation system created some discrepancies in suspended solid (SS), dissolve organic matter (DOM) and the nutrient movement characteristic a long the slope. The SS and DOM load and discharge strongly influenced by land preparation activities, while total and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) affected by chemical fertilizer application. In the upper part, the amount of chemical fertilizer seemed sufficient, indicated by negative amount of nutrient balance, while lower terrace show some indication of excess nutrient input. To avoid some demerit of cascade irrigation system, chemical fertilizer application should be base on site specific characteristic and taking into account of natural source contribution.Keywords: Cascade irrigation, chemical fertilizer, nutrient balance, terrace paddy field
The Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn Fertilized by Dairy Cattle Effluents Without Chemical Fertilizers in Inceptisols
Authors: Sastro Yudi , Lestari Indarti Puji
Published: August 2018

Several research has proven the role of dairy cattle effluents in improving the growth and yield of some crops. However, its role in supporting the growth and yield of sweet corn, especialy in Inceptisols, has not been reported. The study aims to determine the effect of dairy cattle effluents on growth and yield of sweet corn in Inceptisols. The pot study was conducted in a greenhouse of the Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology of Jakarta. The treatments were fertilization using dairy cattle effluents (without dilution, dilution with water 1:1 and 1:2), a mixtureof Urea, SP-36 and KCl (NPK), and without fertilizer. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with five replications. Compared to a without fertilizer treatment, dairy cattle effluents were significantly increased plant height (114%), leaf number (136%), cob weight (131%), cob length (124%), and cob diameters (128%). Base on cob weight, relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of dairy cattle effluents reached 38.4% (without dilution), 47.5% (dilution with water 1:1), and 62.1% (dilution with water 1:2).Keywords: Dairy cattle effluents, fertilizer, sweet corn
Using Selected Structural Indices to Pinpoint the Field Moisture Capacity of Some Coarse-Textured Agricultural Soils in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Igwe Charles Arizechukwu , Hermansah . , Obi Martin Eze , Wakatsuki Toshiyuki
Published: August 2018

Over- or underestimation of field capacity (FC) of agricultural soils could misguide soil and water management and this might have negative agronomic and environmental impacts. The study sought to identify the moisture tension for reliably estimating in the laboratory the FC of some sandy soils with low-activity clay minerals and at different levels of structure development in Nsukka agroecological zone in southeastern Nigeria. Fifty-four samples of topand subsoils under contrasting vegetation cover at three locations in the zone were analyzed for texture, organicmatter contents, bulk density and total porosity. Saturated hydraulic conductivities (Ksat) of the samples were equallydetermined. Water-conducting and water-filled porosities at each of 0.06-, 0.10- and 0.33-bar tensions were implied from water retention data at the respective tensions. The soils were categorized based on their levels of structure development using a structural stability index [(organic matter: silt+clay) %] as follows: very low (< 4%), low (4-7.5%) and moderate to high (> 7.5%) stability soils. Series of simple correlation tests were run among the waterconducting porosities at the various tensions and the Ksat of the soils. In each case, the soil was assumed to have attained FC at that moisture tension which the associated water-conducting porosity showed significant positive correlation with the Ksat. Our results revealed that the 0.06-bar tension overestimated the FC of the soils. The 0.10-bar tension, the commonly used moisture tension for the purpose in the study area, proved suitable only for soils within the moderate to high structural stability category. From all indications, the 0.33-bar tension best corresponded to the FC of the less structurally developed soils in the other two categories. The level of soil structure development should therefore be considered before deciding the suitable moisture tension for the determination of FC of these and similar soils in other tropical locations.Keywords: Coarse mineral soils, field moisture capacity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, structural stability,water-conducting pores
Ferro Content in Soil and Mustard Leave (Brassica Junjea) Treated by Agricultural Waste on the Biosensitizer-Iron Photoreduction
Authors: Rorong Johnly Alfreds , Sudiarso . , Prasetya Budi , Mandang Jeany Polii , Suryanto Edi Suryanto
Published: August 2018

Atom absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) had been used to analyzed Ferro in the soil and in the green mustardleaf (Brassica junjea) treated with phenolics extract from the agricultural wastes of clove leaf (Eugenia aromatica),rice straw (Oryza sativa) and water hyacinth leaf (Eichhornia crassipessolms), in which the phenolics as the electrondonor on the biosensitizer – iron photoreduction. Phenolics extract was obtained from varions of aquadest and 40;60; 80% methanol. The solution without extract was used as sensitizer, while the extract without illumination wasused as control. Green mustard was packed into medium polybag within it added by 2,000 mg kg-1. Soil type assample was volcanic soil in various categories, such as: soil-extract, soil NPK fertilizer extract, and soil control.Results of Ferro analysis in the clove leafs treated with 80% methanol indicated the highest increasing Fe2+ of 22.94mg kg-1. Rice straw treated with 60% methanol showed the highest increasing Fe2+ of 34.5 mg kg-1. The waterhyacinth leafs treated with 60% methanol obtained the highest increasing Fe2+ of 17.67 mg kg-1. Fe2+ concentrationat soil-clove leafs had the highest increasing of Fe2+ production for 5.6 mg kg-1. Its concentration at soil NPKfertilizer extract water hyacinth leafs showed the highest increasing of Fe2+ production for 13.39 mg kg-1. Highestconcentration of Fe2+ in the green mustard at soil NPK fertilizer extract clove leafs was 176.37 mg kg-1. Variousconcentrations and various soil categories resulted in the highest increasing Fe2+ concentration in each agricultural waste extract.Keywords: Agricultural waste extract; ferro analysis; iron photoreduction; soil category[How to Cite: Rorong JA, Sudiarso, B Prasetya, J Polii-Mandang and E Suryanto. 2012. Ferro Content in Soil and Mustard Leave (Brassica junjea) Treated by Agricultural Waste on the Biosensitizer-Iron Photoreduction. J Trop Soils, 17 (3): 211-218. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.211][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.211]
Plot Scale Phosphorous and Potassium Balances of Newly Opened Wetland Rice Farming Originated from Wetland
Authors: Sukristiyonubowo . , Nugroho Kusumo , Ritung Sofyan
Published: August 2018

Development of newly opened wetland rice fields both from dry land and wetland in Indonesia are important to meetrice growing demand, increase soil productivity, keep rural food security and provide jobs as well as generateincome. Most soils of newly opened rice fields are low in P and K contents, but the farmers do not apply P and Krecommended fertilisers. The study was conducted on newly opened wetland rice farming in Panca Agung village,Bulungan District, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia in 2009. The aims were to evaluate phosphorous andpotassium input – out of newly opened wetland rice and to validate the P and K recommendation. Six treatmentswere tested including farmers practices (as control), farmer practices + straw compost + dolomite, NPK withrecommendation rate in which N and K was split in two applications, NPK with recommendation rate in which N andK was split three applications, NPK with recommendation rate + straw compost + Dolomite , in which N and K wassplit three applications, and NPK with recommendation rate + straw compost + dolomite, in which N and K weresplit two applications. The N, P and K rates were 250 kg urea, 100 kg SP-36 and 100 kg KCl ha-1 season-1, while thefarmer practices 100 kg urea and 100 kg SP-36 ha-1 season-1. Parameters to be measured were concentration P andK in mineral fertilizer, compost, irrigation water and grains as well as straw. The results showed that surplus Pranged from 5.75 to 12.85 kg P ha-1 season-1, meaning that SP-36 application rate was more than enough to replace Premoved by harvest product. In contrast, potassium application rate should be increased from 100 to 200 kg KClha-1 season-1 to fix K removed by harvest product. However, when the compost will also be increased to 3 Mg ha-1season-1 K fertilizer can be increased to 150 kg KCl ha-1 season-1 to substitute K taken away by rice harvest productand to keep higher rice grain yield. These P and K recommendation rate imply that total SP-36 and KCl should beavailable at district level will be about 984.9 Mg SP-36 and 1.477 Mg KCl district -1 season -1, respectively.Keywords: Newly opened wetland rice; nutrient balance; nutrient input; nutrient losses; plot scale wetland[How to Cite: Sukristiyonubowo, K Nugroho and S Ritung. 2012. Plot Scale Phosphorous and Potassium Balances of Newly Opened Wetland Rice Farming Originated from Wetland. J Trop Soils 17 (3): 227-237. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.227][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.227]