bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inducing the expression of ICOS-L by oncolytic adenovirus to enhance tumor-specific bi-specific antibody efficacy
Authors: Saffarzadeh Neshat , Foord Emelie , O'Leary Eoghan , Mahmoun Rand , Hansen Thomas , Levitsky Victor , Poiret Thomas , Uhlin Michael
Published: January 2024

Background. Intratumoral injection of oncolytic viruses (OVs) shows promise in immunotherapy: ONCOS-102, a genetically engineered OV that encodes Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) demonstrated efficacy in early clinical trials, enhancing T cell infiltration in tumors. This suggests OVs may boost various forms of immunotherapy, including tumor-specific bi-specific antibodies (BsAbs).
Methods. Our study investigated in vitro, how ONCOS-204, a variant of ONCOS-virus expressing the ligand of inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOSL), modulates the process of T cell activation induced by a BsAb. ONCOS-102 was used for comparison. Phenotypic and functional changes induced by combination of different OVs, and BsAb in T cell subsets were assessed by flow cytometry, viability, and proliferation assays.
Results. Degranulation and IFNγ and TNF production of T cells, especially CD4+ T cells was the most increased upon target cell exposure to ONCOS-204. Unexpectedly, ONCOS-204 profoundly affected CD8+ T cell proliferation and function through ICOS-L/ICOS interaction. The effect solely depended on cell surface expression of ICOS-L as soluble ICOSL did not induce notable T cell activity.
Conclusions. Together, our data suggests that oncolytic adenoviruses encoding ICOSL may enhance functional activity of tumor-specific BsAbs thereby opening a novel avenue for clinical development in immunotherapeutics.
Effects of phosphorous and antimony doping on thin Ge layers grown on Si
Authors: Yu Xueying , Jia Hui , Yang Junjie , Masteghin Mateus G , Beere Harvey , Mtunzi Makhayeni , Deng Huiwen , Huo Suguo , Chen Chong , Chen Siming , Tang Mingchu , Sweeney Stephen J , Ritchie David , Seeds Alwyn , Liu Huiyun
Published: January 2024

Suppression of threading dislocations (TDs) in thin germanium (Ge) layers grown on silicon (Si) substrates has been critical for realizing high-performance Si-based optoelectronic and electronic devices. An advanced growth strategy is desired to minimize the TD density within a thin Ge buffer layer in Ge-on-Si systems. In this work, we investigate the impact of P dopants in 500-nm thin Ge layers, with doping concentrations from 1 to 50 × 1018 cm− 3. The introduction of P dopants has efficiently prevented TD formation, whose potential mechanism has been explored by comparing it to the well-established Sb-doped Ge-on-Si system. P and Sb dopants reveal different defect-suppression mechanisms in Ge-on-Si samples, inspiring a novel co-doping technique by exploiting the advantages of both dopants. The surface TDD of the Ge buffer has been further reduced by the co-doping technique to as low as 107 cm− 2 with a thin Ge layer (of only 500 nm), which could provide a high-quality platform for high-performance Si-based semiconductor devices.
Clinical Use of Bedside Portable Low-field Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients on ECMO: The Results from Multicenter SAFE MRI ECMO Study
Authors: Cho Sung-Min , Khanduja Shivalika , Wilcox Christopher , Dinh Kha , Kim Jiah , Kang Jin Kook , Chinedozi Ifeanyi David , Darby Zachary , Acton Matthew , Rando Hannah , Briscoe Jessica , Bush Errol , Sair Haris I , Pitts John , Arlinghaus Lori R , Wandji Audrey-Carelle N , Moreno Elena , Torres Glenda , Akkanti Bindu , Gavito-Higuera Jose , Keller Steven , Choi HuiMahn A , Kim Bo Soo , Gusdon Aaron , Whit Glenn JR
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Early detection of acute brain injury (ABI) is critical for improving survival for patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. We aimed to evaluate the safety of ultra-low-field portable MRI (ULF-pMRI) and the frequency and types of ABI observed during ECMO support.
Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study (NCT05469139) at two academic tertiary centers (August 2022-November 2023). Primary outcomes were safety and validation of ULF-pMRI in ECMO, defined as exam completion without adverse events (AEs); secondary outcomes were ABI frequency and type.
Results: ULF-pMRI was performed in 50 patients with 34 (68%) on venoarterial (VA)-ECMO (11 central; 23 peripheral) and 16 (32%) with venovenous (VV)-ECMO (9 single lumen; 7 double lumen). All patients were imaged successfully with ULF-pMRI, demonstrating discernible intracranial pathologies with good quality. AEs occurred in 3 (6%) patients (2 minor; 1 serious) without causing significant clinical issues.
ABI was observed in ULF-pMRI scans for 22 patients (44%): ischemic stroke (36%), intracranial hemorrhage (6%), and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (4%). Of 18 patients with both ULF-pMRI and head CT (HCT) within 24 hours, ABI was observed in 9 patients with 10 events: 8 ischemic (8 observed on ULF-oMRI, 4 on HCT) and 2 hemorrhagic (1 observed on ULF-pMRI, 2 on HCT).
Conclusions: ULF-pMRI was shown to be safe and valid in ECMO patients across different ECMO cannulation strategies. The incidence of ABI was high, and ULF-pMRI may more sensitive to ischemic ABI than HCT. ULF-pMRI may benefit both clinical care and future studies of ECMO-associated ABI.
Satellite Constellation Method to Achieve Desired Revisit Performance for Multiple Targets
Authors: Lee Soung Sub , Jong Pil Kim , You Eungnoh , Youn Jae Hyuk , Shin Ho-Hyun
Published: January 2024

This study proposes a method for optimizing satellite constellations and a series of process strategies to achieve the desired revisit performance for each target in the area of interest. Using a repeat ground track orbit of periodic characteristics, a tailored regional-satellite-constellation method is developed to achieve the desired revisit performance for each target. The study consists of four parts representing four programs: finding orbit elements through optimization techniques; producing an access matrix between targets and satellites; deriving the number of satellites for each target for the desired revisit performance; and deploying satellite groups by minimizing the orbital plane. Then, the superiority of this optimization method is verified through numerical comparisons and contour distributions for revisit performance compared to the existing conventional Walker method.
The Real-Time Shadow Detection of the PV Module by Computer Vision based on Histogram Matching and Gamma Transformation Method
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Xia Haonan , Li Ke , Zhao Qinghe , Lv Shanshan , Lu Yinghui , Song Weixian , Wang Lishu
Published: January 2024

Solar energy plays an important role in renewable energy generation, with the advantages of low pollution, easy installation, and relatively easy access. However, photovoltaic (PV) modules are susceptible to cause localized shading from external factors such as leaves in the canopy, surrounding buildings, etc., which would affect power generation efficiency and even pose safety risks. Existing methods cannot perform well in real-time conditions. This paper proposes a real-time shading monitoring method for the PV module based on computer vision. The gamma transform and histogram matching were adopted to enhance key features and adjust the global gamut strength distribution in the image of the PV module; then the gray-level slicing method finished the segmentation to detect the shadow from the video. All processing can be realized in the real-time monitor camera and the detection results can be displayed on the HMI in PC with high efficiency and low cost. According to tests in the practical complex environment, the method can have enough detection performance and high real-time performance with an accuracy of 0.98, and the F0.5 and F2 values are 0.87 and 0.85, respectively. The metrics of the proposal method are higher than those of existing Canny monitoring methods.
Application of Light Image Enhancement Technology Based on Infrared Thermal Image Sensor in Sports Training Guidance
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Liu Jingjing
Published: January 2024

Technological progress has rapidly propelled a new generation of science and technology into the field of sports, continuously affecting and challenging traditional sports equipment. However, the design of existing traditional sports equipment is not perfect, and the training guidance strategies are outdated, resulting in the inability to provide effective and scientific sports guidance, resulting in overall poor performance. Therefore, this article studies the motion training guidance system using the optical image enhancement technology of infrared thermal image sensors. Firstly, this article applies relevant knowledge of infrared physics and infrared radiation to establish an infrared thermal image sensor model. The use of infrared thermal imaging sensors can recognize and extract images from motion training. Next, we will delve into the application of light image enhancement technology, as environmental lighting conditions may lead to insufficient contrast between light and dark, color distortion, and noise during the photography process. In response to this issue, this article optimizes traditional image enhancement methods and proposes a light image enhancement strategy that can maintain brightness. Finally, a motion training guidance system was designed by analyzing the optical image enhancement technology of infrared thermal image sensors. The system can real-time query the recent motion status and formulate training plans, effectively improving motion efficiency.
Association between preoperative osteopenia and prognosis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Omori Sachie , Ijichi Hideki , Wakasugi Ayako , Shigechi Tomoko , Oki Eiji , Kubo Makoto , Yoshizumi Tomoharu
Published: January 2024

Background: Osteopenia, the loss of bone mineral density (BMD), was recently reported as a prognostic factor in various cancers. However, the prognostic significance of preoperative osteopenia in breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of preoperative osteopenia in breast cancer.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the relationship between osteopenia and clinical factors and prognosis in 532 patients with pathological Stage I–III primary breast cancer between 2009 and 2017. Osteopenia was assessed by measuring the average pixel density (Hounsfield unit) in the midvertebral core of the 11th thoracic vertebra on enhanced preoperative computed tomography.
Results: Osteopenia was diagnosed in 186 (35.0%) patients. The relapse-free survival (RFS) rate was significantly lower in the osteopenia group than in the non-osteopenia group (p = 0.0275), but there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the two groups. When evaluated by menopausal status, RFS and OS were significantly lower in the osteopenia group than in the non-osteopenia group (P=0.0094 and P=0.0264, respectively) in premenopausal patients. However, there were no significant differences in RFS and OS between the two groups among postmenopausal patients. In premenopausal patients, osteopenia was an independent prognostic factor for RFS in a multivariate analysis (P = 0.0266).
Conclusions: Preoperative osteopenia was independently associated with recurrence of breast cancer.
Evaluation of β and γ-Cyclodextrins as a promising Bisoprolol drug carrier: docking, molecular dynamics and MM-PBSA free energy calculations
Authors: Boorboor Mohammad Reza , Fazli Mostafa , Mahdavifar Zabiollah , Bagheri Ahmad
Published: January 2024

In this research work, the binding mechanism of Bisoprolol (BIS) drug into the beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) nanopores were investigated using docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and MM-PBSA free energy calculations. Also, we assessed the energetic aspects within the BIS-CDs complex under different thermal conditions in four stages from 298 to 334 K, which includes mammalian body temperature in order to approximate physiological conditions. The computational results reveal that the encapsulation of the BIS into the cavities of CDs is reinforced by hydrogen bonds (HBs) and van der Waals (vdW) interactions in the aqueous phase. Next, we analyzed the degree of complexation between BIS and CDs at four different temperatures. The findings revealed that the degree of complexation is decreased as the temperature is increased. The β-CD complex exhibits greater stability compared to the other complex in the aqueous medium. The MM-PBSA free energy approach also confirms more binding affinity of BIS drug into the β-CD cavity.
Cutting-Edge Strategies in Minimal Invasive Surgery in Left Hemicolectomy: Analyzing the Outcomes Between Transrectal Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction and Conventional Laparoscopy
Authors: Jong Bor-Kang , Hsu Yu-Jen , Chern Yih-Jong , Tsai Wen-Sy , Huang Shu-Huan , Lai I-Li , Cheng Ching-Chung , You Jeng-Fu
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The short-term outcomes of laparoscopic anterior resection with natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) are favorable. NOSE is, however, rarely used during left hemicolectomy surgeries. We retrospectively compared the feasibility, safety, and short-term results of transrectal NOSE for patients undergoing laparoscopic left hemicolectomy with conventional mini-laparotomy specimen extraction.
Method
All patients who received laparoscopic left hemicolectomy surgery between January 2018 and December 2021, including 144 who underwent conventional surgery with specimen extraction through mini-laparotomy and 23 who underwent transrectal NOSE surgery, were enrolled in a single hospital. Surgical outcomes were assessed, including complications, postoperative short-term recovery, and pain level.
Results
The NOSE group had a shorter operation time, earlier postoperative recovery, a lower degree of pain on postoperative day 1, and a shorter hospital stay compared with the conventional group. In addition, postoperative morbidity was not noted in the transrectal NOSE group but was found in seven patients in the conventional group.
Conclusion
Laparoscopic left hemicolectomy with transrectal NOSE is a safe and feasible technique that results in quicker postoperative recovery and a shorter hospital stay. The advantages of transrectal NOSE compared to traditional mini-laparotomy in laparoscopic left hemicolectomy are being conducted for the first time in this study.
Exploring honey bee toxicological data as a proxy for assessing dimethoate sensitivity in stingless bees
Authors: Martins Gustavo , Ribas Andreza , Botina Lisbetd , Araújo Renan , Vidigal Mateus , Alves Beatriz
Published: January 2024

The high diversity and distinctive characteristics of stingless bees pose challenges in utilizing toxicity test results for agrochemical registrations. Toxicity assessments were performed on 15 stingless bee species, along with the honey bee, using the insecticide dimethoate, following adapted OECD protocols. Median lethal doses over 24 h (24h-LD50) were determined for exposure routes (acute oral or contact) and species. Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves were constructed and the 5% hazard doses (HD5) were estimated based on 24h-LD50 values. The SSD curve was adjusted as the body weight and dimethoate response were correlated. Lighter bees (<10 mg) had lower 24h-LD50 values. Contact exposure for adjusted HD5 suggested insufficient protection for Melipona mondury, whereas the oral exposure HD5 indicated no risks for the other 14 species. Comprehensive risk assessments are crucial for understanding the agrochemical impact on stingless bees, emphasizing the need for a broader species range in formulating conservation strategies.
Protective effect of moderate-intensity endurance training and high- intensity interval training on the cardiac apoptosis in high fat diet fed rats
Authors: Khajehlandi Mojdeh , Bolboli Lotfali
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim:
Lack of physical activity and a high-fat diet (HFD) cause an imbalance between energy consumption and energy intake. Exercise training prevents and controls obesity. Therefore, the recent study aimed to compare the effect of moderate-intensity endurance training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the cardiac apoptosis in HFD fed rats.
Methods
In the present study, 20 male Wistar rats (age = 8 weeks) were purchased and randomly placed in four groups of five: healthy control with normal diet (HC), sedentary control with HFD (SC), high-intensity interval training with HFD (HIIT), and moderate-intensity endurance training with HFD (MICT). Eight weeks of HIIT training was performed for one group, and eight weeks of MICT training was performed for the other group. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post-hoc test was used to analyze the data (with a significance level of P < 0.05).
Results
After eight weeks of MICT and HIIT training, blood glucose and insulin levels, body weight, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C), inflammatory indicators, and FOXO3 protein content significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and protein content of AKT as well as PI3K significantly increased (P < 0.05) in HIIT and MICT groups, and there was no significant difference between HIIT and MICT groups (P ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion
It seems that both exercises played a critical role in the cardiac apoptosis treatment by modulating insulin and blood glucose levels, lipid profile, inflammatory factors as well as the PI3K/AKT pathways and FOXO3 protein content in HFD fed rats.
Consistent multi-animal pose estimation in cattle using dynamic Kalman filter based tracking
Authors: Perneel Maarten , Adriaens Ines , Aernouts Ben , Verwaeren Jan
Published: January 2024

The usage of computer vision to study animal behaviour has gained popularity during the last decade. Replacing human observers by computer vision lowers the cost of data collection and therefore allows to collect more extensive datasets. However, the majority of available computer vision algorithms to study animal behaviour is highly tailored towards a single research objective, limiting possibilities for data reuse. In this perspective, pose-estimation in combination with animal tracking offers opportunities to yield a higher level representation capturing both the spatial and temporal component of animal behaviour. Such a higher level representation allows to answer a wide variety of research questions simultaneously, without the need to develop repeatedly tailored computer vision algorithms. In this paper, we therefore first cope with several weaknesses of current pose-estimation algorithms and thereafter introduce KeySORT (Keypoint Simple and Online Realtime Tracking). KeySORT deploys an adaptive Kalman filter to construct tracklets in a bounding-box free manner and improves the temporal consistency of detected keypoints to a large extent. In this paper, we focus on pose estimation in cattle, but our methodology can easily be generalised to any other animal species. Our test results indicate our algorithm is able to detect up to 80% of the ground truth keypoints with high accuracy, with only a limited drop in performance when daylight recordings are compared to nightvision recordings. Moreover, by using KeySORT to construct skeletons, the temporal consistency of generated keypoint coordinates was largely improved, offering opportunities with regard to automated behaviour monitoring of animals.
Mapping the Global Research Landscape of Moebius Syndrome: An In-Depth Visualization and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Bustamante-Campos Oscar Omar , Calisaya-Madariaga Irving Gabriel
Published: January 2024

1. Background
Moebius syndrome (MBS) is a rare congenital condition characterized by a disorder of the cranial nerves, essentially the facial (VII) and abducens (VI). The prevalence of this syndrome is 0.3 per 100,000 live births. Clinically, it presents with alterations at the facial level with the involvement of facial muscles, deficits in ocular motility and correct neurovisual function, musculoskeletal and orofacial deformities. Its diagnosis varies according to the etiology of Moebius syndrome; however, according to the minimum diagnostic criteria, this syndrome presents as a congenital and non-progressive facial weakness, along with the inability to abduct one or both eyes.
2. Methods
This study employed Web of Science database to conduct a search using terms such as “Moebius syndrome” and “ Congenital facial paralysis with limited ocular abduction” It included English language articles and reviews from the period spanning 1930 to January 3, encompassing a total of 306 result. The analysis focused on various data points, including authorship, publication journal, publication year, citation count, country of origin, affiliated institutions, and keywords. This information was systematically analyzed using tools like VOSviewer, R bibliometrix.
3. Results
A total of 186 journals have published articles on Moebius Syndrome, demonstrating an annual growth rate of 2.6% in this research area. There have been 1,150 authors contributing to the development of knowledge on Moebius Syndrome. Among these, only 29 authors have published solo articles, while the remaining authors have collaborated in papers with at least two or more authors. The average research paper on this topic involves approximately 4.3 co-authors and receives about 16.3 citations.
4. Conclusions
The number of publications on Moebius Syndrome has been consistently increasing, indicating a stable upward trend in recent years. This study represents the first bibliometric analysis concerning Moebius Syndrome. We expect that this analysis will act as an important tool for clinical researchers, assisting them in identifying and concentrating on emerging research areas in this domain.
Bioplastic Production from Corn and Potato Starch and Its Industrial Applications
Authors: Gawande Gayatri , Khiratkar Tanmay , Urkude Yugal , Bombarde Sangharatna , Sonwane Uday , Nikhade Sejal , Sanap Jitendra
Published: January 2024

Plastic has become an inevitable part of our daily life. According to OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), around 460 million tonnes of plastic is produced worldwide, of which merely 9% plastic waste gets recycled while 22% is mismanaged. This causes severe hazards to the environment and lifeforms. In order to overcome this problem, bio-plastics are introduced. They are considered green materials substitutes for plastics which are environment-friendly and biodegradable. Bioplastic can be prepared from renewable resources consisting of biomass mainly starch, cellulose, etc. This paper presents a detailed process of preparation of bioplastic from corn and potato starch followed by its mechanical strength testing. Also, the real-life applications of the obtained bioplastic are discussed. The bioplastic produced initially lacks plasticity so sorbitol was added as a plasticizer. The newly prepared bioplastic has higher elongation and less water absorptivity. Hence it can be concluded that the bioplastic obtained meets the requirement to be considered as an alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastic.
Morphology-oriented urchin-like TiO2 nanostructures for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Khakpour Zhila , Moradlou Omran
Published: January 2024

In this work, urchin-like TiO2 (u-TiO2) nanostructures were grown on Ti sheets in an alkaline media by facile hydrothermal method in the presence of triethanolamine (TEOA). u-TiO2 nanostructures were synthesized under the optimized experimental conditions with hydrothermal method in a solution containing 1.5 M NaOH and 0.5 M TEOA at 180 ºC for 6 h. TEOA with \(\ddot{\text{N}}\)- functional group acts as a ligand for hydrated Ti4+ cations and decorates u-TiO2 at the surface of substrate. Under UV-irradiation, the obtained photocurrent density for u-TiO2 photoanodes was 1.6 mAcm− 2 under the voltage bias of 0.5 V. Finally, CdS-sensitized u-TiO2 photoanode was prepared by a successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method to sensitize u-TiO2 with CdS nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. The obtained Z-scheme u-TiO2/CdS heterojunction photoanode showed the photocurrent density of 8.5 mAcm− 2 under AM1.5G light irradiation.
The relationship of smoking to mediastinal tumors
Authors: Alamri Anas , Arfen Mohamed , Bardan Housam
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim:
There has been a significant increase in the incidence of malignant mediastinal tumors over the past four decades. The presentation varies from asymptomatic lesions discovered incidentally on imaging to severe, life-threatening lesions. Smoking is considered an important risk factor for the occurrence of these lesions. Therefore, the aim of the research focused on studying the relationship between smoking and mediastinal tumors.
Methods and material:
An observational study in the style of a cross-sectional study. This study targeted visitors to Damascus Hospital, where the sample was selected randomly, and about (100) patients were selected who met specific admission criteria, the most important of which was the presence of sufficient information in the file, while the Exclude all patients according to specific exclusion criteria.
Results
It was found that there was a statistically significant relationship between the type of tumor and smoking (P, 0.006, 30.556), there is a significant relationship between the histological classification of neuromediastinal tumor and smoking (P, 0.000, There is a significant relationship between lymphoma (histological type, histological classification) and smoking (P, 0.000, 0.000, respectively), there is a relationship between the type of mediastinal tumor and smoking (P, 0.001), there is a relationship between the presence of smoking metastases (P, 0.042), and the presence of Significant relationship between survival, prognosis and smoking (P, 0.000).
Conclusion
Continuous surveillance and monitoring of epidemiological trends and patterns in mediastinal tumors to inform clinical practices and research efforts. Smoking has a statistically significant relationship with mediastinal tumors, their stages, classification, survival rate, and the presence of metastases, and it should be quit.
Assessing Tomato Genotypes for Organic Hydroponic Production in Stressful Environmental Conditions
Authors: Dash Prosanta K. , Guo Bing , Leskovar Daniel I.
Published: January 2024

Identifying tomato genotypes that can thrive and produce abundantly under arid climatic conditions and addressing the growing food demand caused by population growth are pressing concerns for food security. This research aimed to assess the growth, physiological, phenological, fruit yield, and postharvest quality of tomato genotypes cultivated in an organic hydroponic system in Qatar, where abiotic stress conditions prevail. Ten different tomato genotypes were carefully evaluated, and comprehensive data regarding their growth and development were collected and analyzed. The performance of these tomato genotypes across all traits related to yield and quality showed significant variations. Notably, the ‘Velocity’ and ‘Sigma’ genotypes consistently exhibited robust vegetative growth and improved phenological characteristics compared with the other tomato cultivars. Specifically, ‘Velocity’ and ‘Sigma’ displayed increased leaf assimilation rates (35% and 32%), stomatal conductance (14% and 11%), and reduced transpiration loss (50% and 44%) compared with ‘SV4129TH’. These genotypes also showed lower electrolyte leakage (32% and 28%) and maintained higher intercellular CO2 concentrations. Furthermore, ‘Velocity’ exhibited an accelerated flowering pattern, with the first flowering occurring 4 days sooner and 50% flowering occurring 5 days sooner than that of ‘SV4129TH’. ‘Velocity’ also demonstrated superior fruit set (14%), pollen viability (24%), and fewer incidences of flower drops (36%) compared with ‘SV4129TH’. Notably, ‘Velocity’ outperformed ‘SV4129TH’ in terms of marketable fruit yields, with a 32% higher yield. In addition to its impressive yield, ‘Velocity’ exhibited superior postharvest quality, including firmness, Brix level, acidity, and color. Therefore, overall, ‘Velocity’ and ‘Sigma’ emerged as promising genotypes with strong abiotic stress tolerance capabilities. The correlation analysis of these traits provided valuable insights into the selection and breeding of genotypes that can withstand abiotic stress conditions, laying the foundation for effective comparisons and selections of genotypes suitable for organic hydroponic cultivation in stressful environments.
Tomato Seedling Performance in Commercial Organic Growing Media
Authors: Maynard Elizabeth T. , Guan Wenjing , Langenhoven Petrus , Hoagland Lori
Published: January 2024

Healthy transplants are critical to productivity in the field. For certified organic production in the United States, seedlings must be grown in media that meet the standards of the US Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program. Many commercial organic media options are available, they vary substantially in composition, and it is unknown to what extent this influences seedling performance. This project compared tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedling emergence and growth in seven commercially available media for organic production and evaluated posttransplant performance. Tomato seedlings were grown in greenhouses at Wanatah, West Lafayette, and Vincennes, IN, USA. Chemical characteristics of the media measured in saturated media extract ranged as follows: pH 5.2–7.5; electrical conductivity (EC) 0.79–4.68 dS·m−1; 1–332 ppm nitrate-nitrogen, 5–69 ppm phosphorus, 41–451 ppm potassium, 78–714 ppm calcium, and 25–121 ppm magnesium. Higher media EC was associated with slower and less uniform seedling emergence and reduced total emergence. Seedling aboveground dry weights were significantly greater in media that contained compost. Relative performance in media containing compost varied across trials. The aboveground dry weight of tomato seedlings 4 weeks after transplanting did not differ for seedlings started in the five compost-based media, and those plants were significantly larger than plants started in the two media without compost. Larger plants tended to flower and set fruit earlier. Media testing protocols that predict nutrient supply over the production cycle could likely improve management in organic transplant production.
Entomophagy — An evaluation of quality and acceptability of Raphia palm weevil larvae (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) as influenced by thermal processing methods
Authors: Apata E. S. , Ebe I. R. , Olaleye O. O. , Olanloye S. A. , Joda A. O.
Published: January 2024

In this study, the quality and acceptability factor of Raphia palm weevil larvae (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) as influenced by different thermal processing methods were investigated. Raphia palm weevil larvae (n=1000) were randomly distributed into four groups of 250 larvae per group according to a treatment, namely: T1 = boiling (100 °C), T2 = roasting (120 °C) T3 = frying (160 °C) and T4 = oven-drying (180 °C). All treatments lasted 20 minutes. Analyses were carried out to determine the physical, chemical, vitamin and mineral composition, and microbial load. In addition, sensory characteristics were evaluated. Weevil larvae processed by the boiling method had the highest cooking yield (97.59%), water holding capacity (21.78%) and the lowest cooking loss (2.41%). The protein and fat content was higher in weevil larvae processed by frying (37.63% and 17.70%, respectively), while moisture was lowest (18.68%) in oven-dried larvae. The calcium, magnesium and phosphorus content was higher in oven-dried larvae, while there were no significant differences in iron, manganese, zinc and vitamins in the processed larvae irrespective of the methods. Boiled larvae had a higher microbial load, while fried and oven-dried larvae had the lowest microbial load. Fried larvae elicited highest sensory characteristics except tenderness, which was higher in boiled larvae, but fried larvae had higher overall acceptability than those processed by other methods. Therefore, it has been shown that the frying method is an appropriate method of processing Raphia palm weevil larvae for enhanced quality and acceptability.
COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF BITE MARKS USING WAX IMPRESSION, RADIOPAQUE AND COMPUTER ASSISTED METHODS - A FORENSIC STUDY
Authors: Yaseen Iqra , Singh Sanjeet , Singh Paramjit , Sharma Kanika , a Siamaillahi , Nasreen Nighat
Published: January 2024

Aim: To evaluate the best method of overlay generation out of three methods i.e.,wax impression, Radiopaque and computer assisted method. Material and methods: 50 randomly selected casts from departments of prosthodontics and orthodontics in DivyaJyoticollege of dental sciences and research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad were used to compare three commonly used two dimensional overlay generation methods in bite mark analysis. Overlay production was done by wax impression, Radiopaque and Computer assisted methods. Finally, the overlays obtained by each method were compared. Results: Chi-square test was used for comparison of wax impression, Radiopaque and computer assisted overlay generation methods,the scores obtained being highest in case of computer assisted overlays, thus making it the best method of overlay generation out of three methods. Conclusion: we conclude that the method of computer assisted overlay generation is the best method among the three methods used in our study.
CINETIC STUDY OF PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION BY THE (TIO2/UV) SYSTEM OF INDIGO CARMINE DYE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors:   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, BP 150 Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Alain Paterne Dalogo Kacou , Paul Valery Akesse Djamatche ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, BP 150 Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Leonce Kouadio David ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Jean Lorougnon Guede University, BP 150 Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Sory Traore Karim ,   Laboratory of Environmental Sciences, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire.
Published: January 2024

The persistence of synthetic dyes in the environment and the ineffectiveness of most conventional depollution techniques have led the scientific community to turn to advanced oxidation processes for eliminating these dyes from water. The aim of this work was to experiment with heterogeneous photocatalysis in the degradation of indigo dye in aqueous solution. The catalyst used was titanium dioxide in the anatase PC 500 form, irradiated by a polychromatic ultraviolet lamp with a wavelength Î»= 365 nm. This technique proved effective, with a 77% degradation rate compared with photolysis, which removed only 17% of the indigo dye under the same conditions. Also, this work showed that low-concentration solutions were easily degraded with total decolourisation of the 12 mg/L molecule after 4 hours compared with 80% elimination of the 32 mg/L solution.The study of the influence of light intensity showed an increase in the rate of degradation of the molecule when the number of lamps placed in the reactor was increased. Total degradation was observed when 4 lamps were used for 120 minutes of irradiation.
CONSANGUINITY AS A SIGNIFICANT RISK FACTOR FOR DIABETES MELLITUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Family Medicine Senior Registrar, King Salman Armed Forced Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia., Awad Alsuhaimi Nada , Ibrahim Albalawi Hamad ,   Family Medicine Resident, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Published: January 2024

Objectives:This systematic review aims to study the recent updates regarding the association between consanguinity and DM. Methods:PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results& interpretation: Our results included ten studies with a total of 8878 patients, and 4565 (51.4%) were males. Eight studies included patients with T2D, and two included T1D. The prevalence of consanguinity ranged from 21.9% to 95% in T2D and 70.8% in T1D.PreoperThe development of T2D was significantly influenced by consanguinity, consanguineous marriages, and maternal diabetes, particularly in developing Arab countries where the prevalence of T2D in families is very high. Significant risk variables for T2D in MetS patients were consanguineous marriages, maternal aunts, maternal grandpas, and the presence of MetS in the parents family. A family history of autoimmune disease in children or paternal consanguinity is not strongly associated with the complexity of T1D.
CASE REPORT: AN UNUSUAL CHEST WALL TUMOR REVEALING EXTRAPULMONARY THORACIC ACTINOMYCOSIS IN A CHILD
Authors: Jamil Jihad , El Ouati Achraf , Bentaleb Daoud , Laoudiyi Dalal , Chbani Kamilia , Salam Siham
Published: January 2024

Actinomycosis is a granulomatous, suppurativebacterial condition caused by Actinomycesisraelii.The thoracic localization is rare it can simulate a neoplastic pathology or tuberculosis. We report one case of unusual presentation a 9-year-old girl. Admitted for the appearance of inflammatory pain of the right shoulder evolving for 6 months in a febrile context, marked by the appearance of a dorsal tumefaction. Radiological examination showed an osteolytic tissue mass of the lateral chest wall with pulmonary nodules and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. An Anatomopathological examination of the biopsy of the dorsal mass showed a histiocytic inflammatory reaction around grains of actinomycosis, allowing the diagnosis of thoracic-pulmonary actinomycosis. The patient was then put on antibiotic treatment with a good evolution. Thoracic actinomycosis is a rare infectious pathology, it can be radiologically divided into the chest wall involvement type, parenchymal type, the airway type including bronchiectasis, and the endobronchial form. The clinico-radiologicalpictureismisleading and maysimulate a tumoral or tubercular pathology, hence the need to repeat biopsies in search of characteristics of actinomyce.
RELATING VARIOUS PARAMETERS OF SELLA TURCICA IN SKELETAL CLASS I SUBJECTS HAVING DIFFERENT GROWTH PATTERNS: A CROSS SECTIONAL LATERAL CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY
Authors:   PG Student, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Barad Varsha , Patel Renuka ,   Professor, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Mehta Falguni ,   Head of Department and Professor, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Goswami Megha ,   Assistant Professor, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Mehta Yati ,   PG Student, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., a Manisha ,   PG Student, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Published: January 2024

Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was correlating various parameters of sella turcica in adult subjects with skeletal Class I having different growth patterns. Materials and Method: Lateral cephalograms of 180 skeletal Class I subjects (90 males, 90 females), aged 18-25 years were selected by ANB angle, W angle, Yen angle, Beta angle and Wits analysis. Subjects were categorised into three groups (average, horizontal and vertical) according to Jarabaks ratio and SN-GoGn angle. Length, depth, width, anteroposterior diameter, area and shape of sella turcica were assessed. Result: Data were analysed using Shapiro-Wilkinson test, T test, onewayanova test, posthoc test and Chi square test. In total no. of Class I subjects for sella turcica size, statistically highly significant difference found for sella length and area (pâ‰¤0.0001) which was larger in males and Significant difference found for sella depth (pâ‰¤0.03) which was higher in males whereas width (pâ‰¤0.001) was more in females. Sella size between growth patterns revealed statistically highly significant difference (pâ‰¤0.0001) with more mean for vertical growth pattern subjects. Normal shape of sella turcica was more prevalent in all growth. Conclusion: Gender difference was found for length, depth and area which was more in males and for width in females except for anteroposterior diameter. Statistically highly significant difference was found in vertical growth pattern subjects on comparing sella size between different growth pattern. Sexual dimorphism found for sella area more in males with average growth and sella depth which was more in females with vertical growth.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY AND OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF ROLE OF PRP INJECTION IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE JOINT 40 CASES PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Patel Ravi , Daglia Ronak , Baurasi Charchit , Vatsa Abhinav , Sohail Siddique Mohammed , Kumar Prajapati Mahesh
Published: January 2024

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a progressive debilitation degenerative disease of the cartilage of the knee. In severe conditions, the patient is unable to do basic activities of daily living also. The pain associated with severe cartilage degeneration is excruciating. Platelet rich plasma being autologous in nature, the chances of disease transmission are also very less. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy in terms of pain relief and functional outcome of platelet rich plasma in patients with knee osteoarthritis with Kellgren-Lawrence Grade I, II and III. Material and Method: This study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, Arihant Hospital and Research Centre, Indore during the study period of 2 years. We included 29 patients with primary osteoarthritis of knee with age more than 35 years and who were willing to undergo this procedure. After preliminary evaluation of the knee with radiograph and confirming the fitness of the patient for the procedure, these patients were given injection of PRP and were instructed on post procedure precautions. The second injection was given at 3rd week and 3rd injection at 6th week, and these patients were followed up till 12 months. At each follow-up WOMAC score and VAS scores were evaluated. Pairedt test was applied to evaluate the change in mean WOMAC and VAS scores at each follow-up. A p value of < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result and Conclusion: We had included 40 knees (29 patients) with a mean age of 55.89 Â± 9.14 years. Female predominance was seen in our study (75.9%). Only Kellgren-Lawrence osteoarthritis grades I, II and III were included and Grade IV were excluded. The left knee involvement (52.5%) was slightly higher in comparison to the right knee. The mean WOMAC score preinjection was 75.65 Â± 5.54, at 3 weeks it was 66.23 Â± 6.95 and at 6 weeks and 43.93 Â± 14.11 at 6 months. There was a significant improvement (P<0.05) in WOMAC scores over the follow-up till 6 months. The mean WOMAC score along with its 3 subscales showed significant deterioration at 12 months in comparison to 6 months, scores (P<0.05). Likewise, the mean VAS preinjection was 7.18 Â± 0.93, which significantly decreased at postinjection (at 6 months) to 3.90 Â± 1.19 (P<0.05), but by 12 months the mean VAS showed significant increase to 6.38 Â± 1.01 (P<0.05). No major complications were noted, except for pain and swelling at the site of injection. These were managed conservatively and responded well to the given treatment.
Eye damage in a patient with syphilis/HIV coinfection. A clinical case
Authors: Loseva O. K. , Tuaeva R. G. , Zhukova O. V. , Bessarab T. P. , Kleshcheva E. A. , Safina G. Sh.
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the literature has been discussing the issues of diagnosis and managing damaged eye patients who suffer from syphilis/HIV coinfection. We present a clinical case of syphilitic uveitis in the patient’s third reinfection of syphilis, which occurred during a long-term HIV infection. The causes for insufficient treatment effectiveness are analyzed.
On the structure of eye diseases in children leading to blindness or low vision in various countries of the world
Authors: Khamraeva L. S. , Narzullaeva D. U.
Published: January 2024

The review presents differences in the nosological structure of ophthalmic pathology leading to childhood blindness and low vision in different countries. Worldwide, 1.4 million children are blind, about three quarters of whom live in the poorest regions of Africa or Asia. In lowincome countries, the congenital cataract is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in children, while retinopathy of prematurity is more common in middle-income countries. Uncorrected refractive errors both in children and adults, remain a major cause of visual impairment in all countries. The development of new technologies and quality medical care impacts the structure of blindness and low vision causes, as well as their geographical specificities. The analysis showed that much effort is required from large-scale state programs of prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of children with socially significant eye diseases.
A software for individual calculation of encircling buckle (circular band) length
Authors: Kazaikin V. N. , Kleymenov A. Yu. , Lizunov A. V. , Murashova E. M. , Lipina M. A. , Chashchin G. V.
Published: January 2024

Large-scale introduction of automated processes into medical practice, including ophthalmology, can simplify the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Being part of the general biological system of the body, the eye is an exemplary object of mathematical modeling targeted at treatment optimization, — e. g. when choosing a surgical tool for retinal detachment surgery.

Purpose: to develop a software for automatic calculation of the individual length of the circular band to be used in retinal detachment treatment in order to achieve the optimal height of scleral indentation.

Materials and methods. The study had a dual task: 1) to determine the correlation between the axial length (AL) and the equatorial diameter of the eyeball, measured by ultrasonic A- and B-scanning in healthy patients (90 eyes), and 2) to develop formulas for calculating the optimal length of the scleral buckle.

Results. The formulas found to be effective in clinical practice were used to develop a software calculating the required length of the 3-mm wide circular band made of pourous silicon from the patient’s axial length. The software, called Circular Scleral Buckle Length, operates under Windows or Linux, is freely downloadable using a QR-code.

Conclusion. The software greatly facilitates the determination of the optimal length of the buckling material for each patient, simplifies the operation of circular scleral buckling, reduces the time of the operation, minimizes the risk of complications, and ensures favorable anatomical and functional results.