bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Besluit of beschikking?
Authors: Sybesma J.
Published: August 2019

Besluit of beschikking?

Annotatie bij de uitspraak van de voorzieningenrechter van het Gerecht in Eerste Aanleg van Curaçao van 2 augustus 2017 waarbij is geoordeeld dat een brief met de vaststelling van de Annual Percentage Rate (APR) informatief van aard is, en de uitspraak van 12 november 2018 in de bodemzaak waarin is geoordeeld dat de brief van de Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten aan ontheffingshouders over oplegging van een maximum APR op rechtsgevolg is gericht en daarmee een beschikking.
B Corp in het Nederlandse vennootschapsrecht anno 2019 nog een storm in een glas water
Authors: Pouwer R.L.
Published: August 2019

B Corp in het Nederlandse vennootschapsrecht anno 2019 nog een storm in een glas water

De komst van Beneficial Corporations, of kortweg B Corps, naar Nederland roept vragen op. Wat is een B Corp? Hoe kun je een B Corp worden en blijven? En wat zijn de gevolgen van een certificering als B Corp in het Nederlandse vennootschapsrecht? Deze bijdrage beschrijft de B Corps en de kaders waarbinnen zij opereren.
Real-time requirements meeting in PLC control system
Authors: Oprzędkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: August 2019

In the paper a problem of real-time requirements meeting at PLC is presented. Basic parameters associated to real time and factors determining their value were discussed. Real-time reliability indices for PLC and methods of their estimation and experimental testing was also proposed. Results were depicted by examples.
Hodgkin disease through symptoms of paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome by the case of a 13-year old boy – case study
Authors: Walczak Maciej
Published: August 2019

Idiopathic nephrotic based on medical history, physical examination supplemented by ultrasound check. It does not often happen that a medical sign characteristic of nephrotic syndrome with generalized enlargement of lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), liver and spleen may indicate an occurrence of lymphoma. A paraneoplastic syndrome is the state of clinical symptoms related to tumors, not being a close implication of a local neoplastic and metastatic infiltration. The objective of this article is drawing attention to the possibility of concealment of Hodgkin disease through symptoms of nephrotic syndrome by the case of a 13-year old boy.
Termorenowacja stolarki okiennej
Authors: Antczak - Jarząbska Romana , Niedostakiewicz Maciej
Published: August 2019

The paper presents the results of preliminary calculations of
the heat transfer coefficient for historic windows made for the state before
and after their renovation. The aim of the analysis was to obtain
the values of thermal insulation parameters demanded by the regulations,
while not losing the historical value of the window. The described
example of the thermo-renovation concept of the existing window
consisted in installing an additional window panel from the inside.
Model Partisipasi Aktivitas oleh Pekerja Berdasarkan Durasi Aktivitas di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Miralda Hera
Published: August 2019

Basis dari pemodelan permintaan aktivitas adalah keputusan perjalanan yang merupakan bagian dari proses penjadwalan aktivitas. Permintaan perjalanan terjadi akibat adanya partisipasi aktivitas rumah tangga oleh pekerja dan non pekerja di luar rumah dan waktu yang dihabiskan untuk melakukan aktivitas tersebut hingga kembali ke rumah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan model partisipasi aktivitas oleh pekerja berdasarkan durasi aktivitas, mengetahui hubungan antar variabel eksogen dan variabel endogen serta hubungan antar variabel endogen akibat adanya variabel eksogen. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 16 variabel eksogen dan 6 variabel endogen untuk pekerja. Daerah penelitian meliputi seluruh kecamatan di Kota Banda Aceh. Survey yang dilakukan adalah membagikan kuisioner dengan home interview, metode survey yang digunakan adalah Stratified Random Sampling. Untuk memperoleh hasil dipakai metode Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) model exploratory factor analysis (EFA) dengan menggunakan software statistic AMOS. Hasil dari EFA untuk pekerja pada aktivitas mandatory, aktivitas maintenance dan aktivitas discretionary, menunjukkan bahwa variabel eksogen yang dominan berpengaruh adalah tujuan perjalanan, mempengaruhi secara langsung, positif, dan signifikan terhadap variabel endogen. Hal ini berarti bahwa lamanya durasi aktivitas individu tergantung pada tujuan perjalanannya. Sedangkan hubungan antar variabel endogen pekerja untuk setiap jenis aktivitas berpengaruh secara langsung, negatif dan signifikan. The basis of activity based modeling is a travel decision that part of the activity scheduling process. Travel requests occur due to the participation of household activities by workers and non-workers outside the home and the time spent while doing these activities until returning home. The purpose of this study is to obtain a model of participatory activity by workers based on the duration of activities, knowing the relationship between exogenous variables and endogenous variables and the relationship between endogenous variables due to the presence of exogenous variables. This study consisted of 16 exogenous variables and 6 endogenous variables for workers. The research area covers all sub-districts in Banda Aceh City. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires with home interviews, known as Stratified Random Sampling survey method. To obtain the results, the authors use the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using AMOS statistical software. The results of EFA for workers in mandatory, maintenance, and discretionary activities indicate that the exogenous variable that is dominantly influential is the purpose of the trip, affecting directly, positively, and significantly towards endogenous variables. This means that the duration of individual activities depends on the purpose of the trip. While the relationship between endogenous variables has a direct, negative and significant effect.
Experimental Study of Energy Dissipation at Baffled Chute Spillway
Authors: Nugroho Joko , Soekarno Indratmo , Soeharno Agung Wiyono Hadi
Published: August 2019

Experimental observation on a model of free over flow spillway is used in this study.  Three configurations of baffle placement are used in the experiment.  The energy along the flow over the spillway were calculated based on measured flow depth and discharge during the experiment. Variations of flow depth and discharge were determined based on baffle height as a reference.  The experiments were done in a 7 meters long flume of 0.078 m wide.  The spillway model has a dimension of 17.2 cm high, with rounded crest and 1:1 downstream slope.  There is no structures placed at the downstream of spillway.  The discharge applied to the spillway model is in the range of 0.6 to 1.8 l/s.  The experimental results shows that optimum results of energy dissipation were obtained when the flow depth is equal to the height of the baffle.  Observed energy dissipations in this is in the range of 30% to 50% upon the incoming energy of the spilled flow.  It was also observed that the length of the hydraulic jumped is reduced due to the application of baffled chute.Pengamatan eksperimental pada model pelimpah digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Tiga konfigurasi penempatan baffle digunakan dalam percobaan. Energi sepanjang aliran di atas spillway dihitung berdasarkan kedalaman aliran dan debit yang diukur selama percobaan. Variasi kedalaman aliran dan debit ditentukan berdasarkan tinggi baffle sebagai referensi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam flume 7 meter panjang lebar 0,078 m. Model spillway memiliki dimensi tinggi 17,2 cm, mercu bulat dan kemiringan hilir 1: 1. Tidak ada struktur yang ditempatkan di hilir spillway. Debit yang diterapkan pada model pelimpah berada dalam kisaran 0,6 hingga 1,8 l/s. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa hasil optimal disipasi energi diperoleh ketika kedalaman aliran sama dengan ketinggian baffle. Disipasi energi yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah sekitar 30% sampai 50% pada energi yang masuk dari aliran yang melalui pelimpah. Dalam eksperimen diamati bahwa panjang loncatan hidrolik berkurang karena penerapan baffle pada saluran peluncur.
Parameters Optimization of Tuned Mass Damper Using Fast Multi Swarm Optimization
Authors: Frans Richard , Arfiadi Yoyong
Published: August 2019

Tuned mass damper (TMD) has been used for vibration controller of building, especially for high rise building. TMD is one of passive device for reducing response of the structure which subjected to dynamic external disturbance such as wind, or earthquake load. TMD used its weight for reducing the vibration, TMD's frequency has been set with structure's frequency so that the frequency can resonate each other for reducing the response of the structure during the dynamic load. Therefore, three variables have significant effect for TMD performance which are mass ratio of TMD (m), frequency ratio of TMD (a), and damping ratio of TMD (z) which lead to two important variables of TMD properties which are stiffness and damping of TMD. This paper developed an empirical equation for obtaining the optimum parameters of tuned mass damper based on H2 norm control system and fast multi swarm optimization (FMSO). The objective function was to minimize the acceleration and displacement response of the structure. Accelerogram of El-Centro 1940 NS was chosen to be ground motion acceleration for simulating the response of the structure with and without TMD. The result shows a strong correlation both mass ratio of TMD to frequency ratio of TMD and mass ratio of TMD to damping ratio of TMD.Penggunaan peredam massa selaras (PMS) telah banyak digunakan sebagai alat kontrol getaran pada bangunan, khususnya bangunan-bangunan tinggi. PMS adalah salah satu kontrol pasif yang digunakan untuk mengurangi respon getaran dari struktur akibat beban-beban dinamik seperti angin, atau gempa. PMS menggunakan berat sendiri untuk mengurangi getaran, frekuensi dari PMS disesuaikan dengan frekuensi dari struktur sehingga beresonansi satu sama lain untuk mengurangi respon dari struktur selama berlangsungnya beban dinamik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, ada tiga variabel yang mempunyai efek yang signifikan terhadap performa dari PMS, antara lain: rasio massa PMS (ï­), rasio frekuensi PMS (ï¡), dan rasio redaman PMS (ïº) yang akan berhubungan langsung dengan dua parameter penting dari PMS yaitu kekakuan dan redaman dari PMS. Tulisan ini mengusulkan persamaan empirik untuk mendapatkan properti optimum dari PMS dengan menggunakan fungsi kontrol H2 dan algoritma fast multi swarm optimization. Fungsi objektif yang digunakan adalah untuk meminimumkan respon percepatan dan perpindahan dari struktur. Data rekaman El-Centro 1940 NS dipilih sebagai data percepatan tanah dasar untuk mensimulasikan respon dari struktur dengan dan tanpa menggunakan PMS. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara rasio massa dari PMS terhadap rasio frekuensi dari PMS serta rasio massa dari PMS terhadap rasio redaman dari PMS.
On Self-Driving Cars as a Technological Sublime
Authors: Hildebrand Julia M. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

Driverless automobility presents a “technological sublime” (Marx 1964; Nye 1994, 1997) encompassing both promises and perils. The light side of the emerging transportation future lies, for instance, in the newly gained freedom from driving. The dark side of this sublime includes ethical challenges and potential harm resulting from the required socio-technical transformations of mobility. This article explores contemporary visions for the self-driving car future through the lens of the sublime and some of its theoretical variations, such as the natural (Kant 1965), technological (Marx 1964; Nye 1994, 1997), electrical (Carey and Quirk 1989), and digital (Mosco 2005) sublime. Nissan’s IDS Concept preview clip (2015) and the Chevrolet FNR trailer (2015) serve as examples for this analysis, which aims to demythologize the visual rhetoric of the depicted awe-inspiring self-driving systems. The sublime’s inherent dialectic of inducing both pleasure and displeasure is removed in the corporate utopian visions in favor of an exalting partnership between human and machine. This strategy succeeds by setting the mobility future in the context of controlled parameters such as the trustworthy communicative vehicle, the vital and independent protagonists, and the harmless and unharmed environment. Recognizing such recurring strategies and identifying the controlled parameters which allow the sublime object to electrify, not terrify, is key for a sensible engagement with such imagined futures and their social, cultural, political, economic, environmental, and ethical implications. Such premediations (Grusin 2010) of awe-inspiring technological formations and the underlying logics ask to be unpacked toward decision making that considers all potential facets of the sublime future.
Modelos retóricos e narração em “Relação da missão da serra da Ibiapaba”, do padre Antônio Vieira
Authors: Santos Fernanda
Published: August 2019

Antônio Vieira documenta suas viagens, no século XVII, por meio de cartas (epistolografia) e relatos diversos. Entre estes textos se encontra “Relação da missão da serra da Ibiapaba”, produzida em 1660. Procura-se analisar, numa perspectiva retórica, a “Relação da missão da serra da Ibiapaba”, relato escrito a partir das preceptivas retóricas de Instituição Oratória, de Quintiliano, e Do orador, de Cícero, obras fundamentais para a Oratória. O artigo observa, ainda, que este relato é componente sólido de diversos outros escritos sobre indígenas, produzidos por Antônio Vieira entre os anos de 1650 e 1660, e no qual as preceptivas retórico-argumentativas são mantidas, em defesa de uma causa maior: a evangelização dos indígenas tabajaras e a ratificação da presença dos jesuítas na serra da Ibiapaba.
Ensinar, mover e deleitar: práticas de leitura do texto religioso em Portugal entre os séculos XVI e XVIII
Authors: Maerki Thiago
Published: August 2019

A leitura de textos religiosos produzidos entre os séculos XVI e XVIII, com vistas à catequese e à ação cristã, não pode ser desassociada também da finalidade de “entreter o espírito”. Neste artigo, examinamos como se deu essa problemática em Portugal, colhendo exemplos principalmente de textos hagiográficos, que, nesse período, ombreavam com obras ditas profanas no que diz respeito à leitura para o deleite.
Microaggressions on Campus: An Examination of Student Perceptions
Authors: Witherup Kirsten L. , Verrecchia P.J.
Published: August 2019

Creating and maintaining a positive school climate is paramount for student well-being. Microaggressions, or subtle forms of prejudice, in the classroom setting can present a barrier to cultivating such a climate and contribute to a host of negative consequences for impacted students. This study explores student perceptions of the prevalence and types of microaggressions at a private, liberal arts college in South-Central Pennsylvania. Data from student surveys will be examined to develop a better understanding of this topic and generate discussions about maintaining a positive and inclusive school climate that welcomes diversity.
Study of Catalytic Activity of Lipase and Lipase-Chitosan Complexes in Dynamics
Authors: Savina Anastasia A. , Abramova Olga V. , Garnashevich Lilia S. , Zaitsev Ilia S. , Voronina Oksana A. , Tsarkova Marina S. , Zaitsev Sergei Yu.
Published: August 2019

Pancreatic porcine lipase (PPL) is the unique enzyme in numerous biochemical processes for human and animals. Stability in time is the critical point for many enzymes in relation to their further applications. The effect of chitosan on the activity of PPL during 2 months was investigated.
Materials and Methods: Potentiometric method was used to study the catalytic activity of enzymes that based on measuring of the potential an electrode immersed in a triacetin (substrate) solution by titration with 0.01 M NaOH. A laboratory pH-stat with combined pH electrode was used for the measurements of this potential in the presence of PPL or PPL-chitosan complexes. Standard experimental conditions: 40 ºC, pH 7.0.
Results: The following PPL activity values (data given in % to the activity of free lipase) vs. time (in 10 min. intervals) were obtained: 100%, 97.4%, 89.9%, 82.9%, 77.9% and 75.9% after 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min., respectively. The PPL catalytic activity decreased at about ¼ to ½ of the initial values after 7 or 14 days, 1 or 2 months storage, although there were differences in the decline dynamics. The complex PPL:Chit=50:1 has better stabilizing properties as compared to other complexes; does not strongly inhibit lipase and requires a small amount of carrier (chitosan) for its formation.
Conclusions: The complex PPL:Chit=25:1 is less effective as the PPL:Chit=50:1 complex, but both can be applicable in some industrial processes.
Cationic Polymerization Induced by Tris-(p-bromophenyl) Amine Cation-Radical Salts
Authors: Abu-Abdoun Ideisan I.
Published: August 2019

Substituted triphenylamine cation radical salts having anions of the type SbF6-, PF6-, BF4- and SbCl6-, were prepared and used to initiate cationic polymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and N-vinyl carbazole (NVC), thermally in dichloromethane at room temperature. Experimental results are presented to show the effects of salt counter ion, concentration, and polymerization conditions on the yield and the molecular weight of the obtained polymer. THF polymerization was enhanced by photolysis of the reaction mixture for short time. A general mechanism for the polymerization by cation-radical salts of substituted triphenylamine is proposed.
Multivariate Analysis of Data on Migraine Treatment
Authors: Tarsitano Agostino , Amerise Ilaria L.
Published: August 2019

Migraineur constitutes a multidimensional model of health disorder involving a complex combination of genetic, psychological, demographic, enviromental and economic factors. This model provides a framework to describe limitations of an individual functional ability and quality of life, and to aid in the elaboration of more adequate intervention programs for each patient. Our primary objective in this paper is a data-driven profiling of patients.
The approach followed consists of examining affinity/dissimilarity between sufferers on the basis of different family of indicators and then aggregating multiple partial matrices, where each matrix expresses a particular notion of the dissimilarity of one patient from another. One important particularity of our method is the notion of multi-dimensional dissimilarity for static and dynamic indicators, without ignoring any portion of data.
The partial dissimilarity matrices are assembled in the form of a global matrix, which is used as input of subsequent calculations, such as multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Our main contribution is to show how multi-scale, cross-section and longitudinal data from individuals involved in a migraine treatment program may optimally be combined to allow profiling migraine-affected patients.
Diretivas de projeto e metodologia de implantação de um sistema aquapônico sustentável
Authors: Siqueira Priscilla Kohiyama de Matos Silva , Andreazzi Márcia Aparecida , Schmdit Filho Edison , Rezende Luciana Cristina Soto Herek , Pedrangelo Alessandra de Castro Silva , Silva Cleiltan Novais da
Published: August 2019

Com o crescimento populacional mundial, a busca por inovações tecnológicas que aumentem a produção de alimentos, sem comprometer o meio ambiente é imperativo e se constitui em temática importante discutida nos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Neste cenário, a aquaponia, que associa a produção de vegetais à produção de peixes, se destaca, contribuindo com o desenvolvimento sustentável, pois melhora a produção de alimentos, promove a segurança alimentar, garante a disponibilidade e manejo sustentável da água e assegura padrões de produção sustentáveis. Contudo, a eficácia do sistema depende de bombas e mecanismos de aeração que consomem energia, se caracterizando em um entrave sustentável da técnica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar diretivas e metodologias de implantação de um sistema de aquaponia sustentável para uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, buscando alternativas sustentáveis de manutenção energética. O projeto propõe a construção de um laboratório de aquaponia com 80 m², composto por um tanque para o cultivo de tilápias destinadas ao consumo e de carpas coloridas, cultivadas como peixe ornamental, calhas hidropônicas horizontais e em espiral para o cultivo de diferentes temperos, hortaliças e frutas, um tanque de filtro biológico alagado, contendo argila expandida e cultivo de papiro. Além de um sistema de bombeamento dos efluentes para as calhas hidropônicas, movido por energia fotovoltaica, um sistema de aeração, movido por turbina eólica; a água que alimentará o sistema será proveniente da cisterna de aproveitamento de águas pluviais da instituição. Espera-se, com esta proposta, referenciar a implantação de sistemas de aquaponia sustentáveis sob o ponto de vista energético.
The influence of soybean biodiesel and diesel on corrosion of SAE 1020 carbon steel
Authors: Pereira Roberto Guimarães , Moraes João Octávio Caranzano , Pardal Juan Manuel
Published: August 2019

The national demand for biodiesel is growing considerably and studies have been able to prove that biodiesel presents itself able to trigger corrosive processes on metal parts. This study aims to evaluate the SAE 1020 carbon steel corrosion rate by weight loss after accelerated aging in soybean biodiesel samples (B100) and in diesel with the addition of 5% biodiesel (B5 S500) at storage temperature (25Â°C) and engine operating temperature (100Â°C), for a period of 10 consecutive days. The SAE 1020 carbon steel specimens (12.5 x 75 x 3mm) were taken from the same steel plate, sanded, cleaned and degreased sequentially with alcohol 98% and 100% acetone and submitted to ultrasonic bath in 100% acetone for 180 seconds. After the corrosion test at 25Â°C and 100Â°C, it was observed the formation of deposits corrosion in SAE 1020 carbon steel blades, in the cases of soybean biodiesel samples (B100) and diesel (B5 S500). After the test at 100Â°C, it was also observed a color change, in the case of soybean biodiesel samples (B100). The SAE 1020 carbon steel corrosion rate, subjected to soybean biodiesel (B100) and diesel (B5 S500), increased with temperature, being more pronounced in the specimens subjected to corrosion tests with soybean biodiesel (B100).
Uso de geotecnologias para identificação de ilhas de calor no municipio de Belém (PA)
Authors: Santos Karla de , Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula Souza e , Silva Brenda Caroline Sampaio da , Pontes Altem Nascimento , Morales Gundisalvo Piratoba
Published: August 2019

O meio ambiente e a qualidade de vida nas cidades têm sido alterados com a urbanização, provocando vários problemas nas condições do clima local. Um dos mais comuns é a Ilha de Calor (IC). Dessa maneira, o presente estudo teve como finalidade investigar a presença de Ilhas de Calor em pontos turísticos da cidade de Belém (PA). Para as análises, definiram-se 38 pontos, sendo 19 na área urbana e 19 na rural. Os dados de temperatura foram obtidos através do Google Earth Engine, utilizando o produto do sensor MODIS/MOD11A2, no período de 2012 a 2016. Os resultados indicam que há diferença de cerca de 5°C em média das temperaturas do dia e da noite, sendo que a temperatura do dia se apresentava mais intensa que a da noite, tanto na zona urbana, quanto na rural. As ICs na cidade de Belém apresentaram temperatura média de 33°C. A diferença da média dos pontos urbanos para os rurais é de aproximadamente 6°C. O uso dos dados do GEE demonstrou muita eficácia e rapidez nas análises, principalmente em relação ao processamento direto na plataforma fato que contribui na redução significativa do tempo de análise no SIG. Diante do exposto, verificou-se que o diagnóstico das ilhas de calor se apresentou como uma ferramenta de auxílio para a gestão do ambiente urbano, demonstrando a necessidade de intervenção do poder público nas áreas que estão sofrendo com a presença desse fenômeno.
Actitud del menor ante la publicidad que recibe a través de los dispositivos móviles
Authors: Feijoo Fernández Beatriz , García González Aurora
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo parte de la consideración del niño como usuario activo de dispositivos móviles, así como consumidor y como receptor de mensajes publicitarios, con capacidad de adquisición y de consumo de bienes. Las marcas y anunciantes son conscientes del poder de influencia del niño en las decisiones de compra del hogar, de ahí el interés por conocer qué tipo de mensajes publicitarios están recibiendo a través de las pantallas con las que marcas y anunciantes se aseguran llegar a este perfil de audiencia. La relevancia de esta investigación radica en su propósito de establecer un punto de partida sólido que posibilite investigaciones posteriores relativas al cuidado del menor, la supervisión de contenido y la mediación parental y o social. Los resultados ofrecen datos sobre la actitud que los niños (diez a catorce años) desarrollan ante los mensajes publicitarios que reciben a través de los dispositivos móviles que emplean, medida en términos de detección, nivel de atención, confianza e interactividad, conseguidos a partir de una encuesta autoaplicada mediante una tablet en 500 hogares de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile. Entre las principales conclusiones, destaca que los menores confían más en la publicidad lanzada por los canales que más usan en sus dispositivos móviles (YouTube, WhatsApp, juegos online), plataformas en las que contenido de entretenimiento y publicitario aparece cada vez más entremezclado.
La incorporación de la figura del influencer en las campañas publicitarias: Consecuencias para las agencias de publicidad españolas
Authors: Sanz-Marcos Paloma , Jiménez-Marín Gloria , Elías-Zambrano Rodrigo
Published: August 2019

Las agencias publicitarias se ven afectadas por la necesidad de adaptarse a un fenómeno comercial que se encuentra presente en gran parte de las acciones de comunicación llevadas a cabo en redes sociales digitales de las grandes marcas, esto es, el influencer. Este perfil se presenta como un nuevo líder de opinión muy interesante para las marcas las cuales aprovechan el liderazgo de estas microcelebrities para atraer a nuevos consumidores. A través de veintiuna entrevistas en profundidad a agencias españolas y un panel Delphi de quince expertos, se constata un dominio complejo de las fuerzas entre anunciante y agencia. La repercusión mediática que tienen estas personalidades provoca que el anunciante posea un mayor control sobre las decisiones estratégicas resultando a su vez en un desafío estratégico para el profesional publicitario que ve afectadas las estructuras de las agencias, así como un aumento en la demanda de este tipo de estrategias.
Dynamiques associatives territoriales, représentations sociales de l’environnement et insularité : une analyse de l’action collective en Corse et aux Îles-de-la-Madeleine
Authors: Graziani-Taugeron Claire , Audet René
Published: August 2019

Les associations de protection de l’environnement sont les interlocutrices privilégiées des pouvoirs publics dans les phases de concertation et de planification des projets d’intervention dans l’environnement. Elles sont alors vectrices de certaines représentations sociales de l’environnement et tentent d’inscrire celles-ci dans les dispositifs publics. Cherchant à comprendre quelles sont les représentations de l’environnement mobilisées dans les discours et les actions de protection de l’environnement en milieu insulaire (en Corse et aux Îles-de-la-Madeleine), nous démontrons qu’il existe des « déterminants territoriaux » à l’engagement en faveur de l’environnement car les représentations traditionnelles, symboliques et identitaires du territoire sont souvent fortement ancrées dans les dynamiques associatives. C’est pourquoi nous proposons la notion de dynamiques associatives territoriales qui lie les institutions de gouvernance, les représentations sociales de l’environnement et les enjeux de l’action collective environnementale. Ce triptyque conceptuel permet de comprendre comment l’action collective s’inscrit dans le territoire et comment la nature à « défendre » s’inscrit dans l’action.
La formación en iniciativa emprendedora: qué, quién y cómo
Authors: Lamolla Laura
Published: August 2019

En los últimos años la iniciativa emprendedora ha estado en la agenda política de muchos países, ya que se considera uno de los principales motores para fomentar, entre otros, la innovación, la competitividad y la creación de empleo. En este sentido, tanto las instituciones públicas como privadas ofrecen programas formativos para incrementar el nivel de iniciativa entre la población en general y programas específicos para la población emprendedora. En este artículo se realiza una breve revisión del estado actual de la formación emprendedora, haciendo especial énfasis en la situación de España y con relación a Europa. A partir de fuentes secundarias, presentamos datos respecto al porcentaje de formación en iniciativa emprendedora, el tipo de formación y los niveles en los que se hace esta formación. A continuación, analizamos la situación concreta en el ámbito universitario y el rol de la educación a distancia.

Los principales resultados obtenidos son que la formación en emprendimiento está bastante extendida tanto en el ámbito de la población en general como en la población emprendedora. Por otra parte, la oferta formativa se haya distribuida entre la educación formal y la informal, con bastante solapamiento entre ambos sistemas. Respecto a los niveles de formación, también hay solapamiento entre el nivel escolar y postescolar. Finalmente, y en cuanto a la formación universitaria, cabe destacar la heterogeneidad de aproximaciones metodológicas y de contenidos que influye en la baja calidad universitaria percibida y la concentración de la oferta formativa en las facultades de economía y empresa y escuelas de negocio.

El artículo concluye señalando la importancia de realizar un mayor esfuerzo para que los programas de formación, especialmente los de nivel universitario, utilicen metodologías orientadas a desarrollar las competencias emprendedoras y ampliar la educación y formación en iniciativa emprendedora más allá de las titulaciones relacionadas con la administración y gestión de empresas. En este sentido, la educación a distancia puede facilitar la formación de otros colectivos que hasta ahora no han sido suficientemente formados en emprendimiento y por otra parte, contribuir a aumentar la calidad de la formación.
Las oportunidades de las redes sociales para las pymes
Authors: Peñarroya i Farell Montserrat
Published: August 2019

En la actualidad, las redes sociales se han convertido en una de las principales herramientas de marketing de las empresas, pero aparte de ser una excelente herramienta para gestionar la relación entre cliente y empresa, estas instituciones las utilizan también para muchos otros propósitos. En este artículo se analizan estos otros usos.
Enrique Dans: «Debemos plantear las relaciones empresariales como relaciones humanas»
Authors: Miralbell Izard Oriol , Gomis Joan Miquel
Published: August 2019

En esta entrevista, el profesor de Sistemas de Información en la IE Business School, Enrique Dans, analiza los principales cambios que las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación están provocando en las personas, organizaciones y la sociedad. El reconocido experto argumenta que las organizaciones, con la irrupción de las redes sociales, lo primero que deben plantearse es cómo desarrollar procesos de absorción de información para identificar las conversaciones de sus clientes, sus prescriptores y sus competidores en este ámbito. Explica que el desarrollo de protocolos personales en la aceptación de los cambios tecnológicos siempre va por detrás de la tecnología. Defiende que las normativas deben adaptarse a los cambios, homologando las nuevas situaciones y que hay que ayudar a las víctimas de una disrupción.
The deforestation of Easter Island
Authors: Rull Valentí
Published: August 2019

Easter Island deforestation has traditionally been viewed as an abrupt island-wide event caused by the prehistoric Rapanui civilization, which precipitated its own cultural collapse. This view emerges from early palaeoecological analyses of lake sediments, which showed a sudden and total replacement of palm pollen by grass pollen shortly after Polynesian settlement (800-1200 CE). However, further palaeoecological research has challenged this view, showing that the apparent abruptness and island-wide synchronicity of forest removal was an artefact due to the occurrence of a sedimentary gap of several millennia that prevented a detailed record of the replacement of palm-dominated forests by grass meadows. During the last decade, several continuous (gap-free) and chronologically coherent sediment cores encompassing the last millennia have been retrieved and analysed, providing a new picture of forest removal on Easter Island. According to these analyses, deforestation was not abrupt but gradual and occurred at different times and rates, depending on the site. Regarding the causes, humans were not the only factors responsible for forest clearing, as climatic droughts as well as climate-human-landscape feedbacks and synergies also played a role. In summary, the deforestation of Easter Island was a complex process that was spatially and temporally heterogeneous and took place under the actions and interactions of both natural and anthropogenic drivers. In addition, archaeological evidence shows that the Rapanui civilization was resilient to deforestation and remained healthy until European contact, which contradicts the occurrence of a cultural collapse. Further research should aim to obtain new continuous cores and make use of recently developed biomarker analyses to advance towards a holistic view of the patterns, causes and consequences of Easter Island deforestation.
Pristinity, degradation and landscaping: the three angles of human impact on islands
Authors: Rull Valentí
Published: August 2019

This paper presents three extreme examples of the potential consequences of human settlement on oceanic and continental islands. The Neotropical Pantepui continental archipelago of sky islands is an example of pristinity, which is due to the almost inexistent human impact because of the remoteness and inaccessibility of these islands as well as the lack of natural resources to exploit. Easter Island is used to illustrate almost total landscape degradation by deforestation and the exhaustion of natural resources, which has transformed the island into badlands with no signs of recovery. The Azores Islands have been chosen to illustrate landscaping as, after initial postsettlement deforestation and extractive practices, a further transformative phase occurred consisting of creating an almost totally anthropogenic landscape with mostly exotic species. The paper describes in some detail the developments of each case and the historical context in which they took place using historical, archeological and paleoecological evidence. Many intermediate states are possible among these three extremes, which can be represented with a ternary diagram (the PDL diagram), which is useful for characterizing the state of each island or archipelago, in terms of human impact, and to inform conservation and restoration practices.
Evolutionary Multi-Agent System with Crowding Factor and Mass Center mechanisms for Multiobjective Optimisation
Authors: Różański Mateusz , Siwik Leszek
Published: August 2019

This work presents some additional mechanisms for Evolutionary Multi-Agent Systems for Multiobjective Optimisation trying to solve problems with population stagnation and loss of diversity. Those mechanisms reward solutions located in a less crowded neighborhood and on edges of the frontier. Both techniques have been described and also some preliminary results have been shown.
Caspase-mediated cleavage of IRE1 controls apoptotic cell commitment during endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Shemorry Anna , Harnoss Jonathan M , Guttman Ofer , Marsters Scot A , Kőműves László G , Lawrence David A , Ashkenazi Avi
Published: August 2019

Upon detecting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR) orchestrates adaptive cellular changes to reestablish homeostasis. If stress resolution fails, the UPR commits the cell to apoptotic death. Here we show that in hematopoietic cells, including multiple myeloma (MM), lymphoma, and leukemia cell lines, ER stress leads to caspase-mediated cleavage of the key UPR sensor IRE1 within its cytoplasmic linker region, generating a stable IRE1 fragment comprising the ER-lumenal domain and transmembrane segment (LDTM). This cleavage uncouples the stress-sensing and signaling domains of IRE1, attenuating its activation upon ER perturbation. Surprisingly, LDTM exerts negative feedback over apoptotic signaling by inhibiting recruitment of the key proapoptotic protein BAX to mitochondria. Furthermore, ectopic LDTM expression enhances xenograft growth of MM tumors in mice. These results uncover an unexpected mechanism of cross-regulation between the apoptotic caspase machinery and the UPR, which has biologically significant consequences for cell survival under ER stress.
Systematic identification of cancer cell vulnerabilities to natural killer cell-mediated immune surveillance
Authors: Pech Matthew F , Fong Linda E , Villalta Jacqueline E , Chan Leanne JG , Kharbanda Samir , O'Brien Jonathon J , McAllister Fiona E , Firestone Ari J , Jan Calvin H , Settleman Jeffrey
Published: August 2019

Only a subset of cancer patients respond to T-cell checkpoint inhibitors, highlighting the need for alternative immunotherapeutics. We performed CRISPR-Cas9 screens in a leukemia cell line to identify perturbations that enhance natural killer effector functions. Our screens defined critical components of the tumor-immune synapse and highlighted the importance of cancer cell interferon-γ signaling in modulating NK activity. Surprisingly, disrupting the ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor DCAF15 strongly sensitized cancer cells to NK-mediated clearance. DCAF15 disruption induced an inflamed state in leukemic cells, including increased expression of lymphocyte costimulatory molecules. Proteomic and biochemical analysis revealed that cohesin complex members were endogenous client substrates of DCAF15. Genetic disruption of DCAF15 was phenocopied by treatment with indisulam, an anticancer drug that functions through DCAF15 engagement. In AML patients, reduced DCAF15 expression was associated with improved survival. These findings suggest that DCAF15 inhibition may have useful immunomodulatory properties in the treatment of myeloid neoplasms.
Patterns of B Cell Repletion Following Rituximab Therapy in a Pediatric Rheumatology Cohort
Authors: Mitchell Chace , Crayne Courtney B. , Cron Randy Q.
Published: August 2019

Objective

To investigate the association between demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, the number of rituximab (RTX) rounds, and concurrent immunosuppression on B cell level repletion following RTX therapy.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of 112 children who met inclusion criteria and were treated with RTX at a single institution was performed. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted and compared. CD19 levels were reviewed at 6 and 12 months post‐RTX with depletion defined as fewer than 10 cells/μL and complete repopulation to normal levels defined as 170 cells/μL or more.

Results

Among patients with CD19 levels, 48% of patients remained depleted at 6 months, 89% were repleted with 10 cells/μL or more by 12 months, and 46% remained below normal levels at 12 months following infusion. There was no significant association between the number of RTX rounds or underlying disease and persistent depletion below normal levels at 12 months following RTX infusion. Depletion at 6 months was associated with a 79% chance of persistent depletion below normal levels at 12 months. The association between concurrent cyclophosphamide (CYC) and repletion of 10 cells/μL or more at 6 (P = 0.091) and 12 months (P = 0.087) trended toward significance with no significant association between CYC and persistent depletion below normal levels.

Conclusion

RTX therapy for pediatric rheumatic diseases is well‐tolerated and results in variable repletion and normalization of B cell numbers at 6 and 12 months. B cell repletion in children is variable and independent of underlying disease and of the number of RTX infusions.
Self‐Assembly of Ferrocene Peptides: A Nonheme Strategy to Construct a Peroxidase Mimic
Authors: Feng Yaoyao , Wang Yuefei , Zhang Jiaxing , Wang Mengfan , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin
Published: August 2019

In this study, a novel nonheme strategy is developed to construct a peroxidase (POD) mimic through the self‐assembly of ferrocene‐derived peptides (Fc‐FFX). This is the first report that the ferrocene group is involved as catalytic site to create peptide‐based POD mimics. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) is found in the catalytic reaction with the substrate of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Steady‐state kinetics reveal that the catalysis of Fc‐peptide assemblies follows the Ping‐Pong multiple substrate mechanism. It is worth noting that the nanostructure of the peptide assemblies (nanofibers vs nanospheres) and their catalytic ability can be varied by simply substituting the X amino acid with phenylalanine, aspartic acid, histidine, or arginine (X = F, D, H, or R). The structure–activity relationship of this peptide‐based POD mimic is investigated to reveal the effect of X amino acid on the catalytic activity of POD mimic. Moreover, the as‐prepared catalyst is applied to the colorimetric detection of disease‐related biomarkers, which exhibits a wider linear range and lower limit of detection. These findings suggest that the ferrocene group might be a promising substitute of heme to construct POD mimics on peptide‐based material platform.
Thermodynamic Modeling of the Selective Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide over Methane in the Mechanically Constrained Breathing MIL‐53(Cr)
Authors: Vanduyfhuys Louis , Maurin Guillaume
Published: August 2019

The coadsorption of CO2/CH4 in the breathing MIL‐53(Cr) under the application of an additional mechanical pressure is investigated through the use of an extended thermodynamic mean‐field model. The focus is on the breathing behavior, negative gas adsorption (NGA), and selective adsorption of CO2 as well as to what degree the application of mechanical pressure influences this behavior. To this end, phase diagrams, coadsorption isotherms are constructed and the CO2/CH4 selectivity is computed in terms of the vapor pressure of methane and carbon dioxide as well as the mechanical pressure. As a result, it is found that NGA can be induced by coadsorption of CO2/CH4 gas mixtures with certain molar compositions. Finally, a specific adsorption/desorption cycle, which includes the application of an additional mechanical pressure, is proposed to allow for an increased CO2/CH4 selectivity as well as for an expected less energy demanding CO2 desorption step.
Emerging High Coercivity and Huge Exchange Bias Effect in Single Phased Mn1−xRuxCo2O4 Compounds
Authors: Chang Yidi , Tao Qiang , Lian Min , Zhang Yanan , Pan Diangang , Zhu Pinwen , Chang Hong
Published: August 2019

The inhomogeneous cationic distribution is an important factor determining physical properties, but it has seldom been observed in bulk. In Mn1−x
Rux
Co2O4, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy images illustrate segregated cationic distributions in ball milled x = 0.3, x = 0.5. It facilitates magnetic phase separations and exchange couplings. Ball milled x = 0.3 is antiferromagnetic accompanied with frustrated moments with exchange bias field 14.8 kOe. The coercivity of ball milled x = 0.1 is very high, 16.5 kOe. In x = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.5, both enhanced coercivities and exchange bias effects are observed. These phenomena are related to exchange couplings. In samples with solid state reaction, high coercivities are obtained in x = 0.3 as 16.3 kOe and in x = 0.2 as 4.4 kOe, while low coercivities are observed in x ≤ 0.1 and x = 0.5. After being annealed at high pressure and high temperature, homogeneous samples without ionic segregations display low coercivity of 30 Oe. In Mn1−x
Rux
Co2O4, both the coercivity increment and the bias field are higher than those reported in multilayer interfaces or core/shell nanoparticles. This is due to the perfect interfaces between different magnetic phases in one compound. A new strategy toward high‐performance permanent magnets with high coercivities is presented.
Ultrathin PEDOT:PSS/rGO Aerogel Providing Tape‐Like Self‐Healable Electrode for Sensing Space Electric Field with Electrochemical Mechanism
Authors: Ma Yue , Wei Ning , Wang Qiang , Wu Changhao , Zeng Wei , Gao Yuanfeng , Xu Chao , Huang Linsheng , Zhao Jinling
Published: August 2019

A versatile composite aerogel is developed by introducing of PEDOT:PSS in reduced graphene oxide, resulting in an ultrathin aerogel film around 100 µm thick. Like a tape, the aerogel can tightly attach to smooth or rough substrate, and there forms a self‐healable and anti‐vibration energy storage electrode. With a Ti foil substrate, the electrode offers an electrochemical capacity of 190 mF cm−2 at 0.1 mA cm−2 working current density. It also exhibits 98.7% capacitance retention after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles, with almost negligible capacitance decline even after eight damaging/healing cycles or 4000 vibrating cycles. With symmetrical aerogel‐based electrodes, a smart electrochemical device is explored as a sensor for sensitively detecting space electric field strength, ranging from 1100 to 19 000 V m−1. Simulation results verify that the response current in the sensor comes from the internal recombination current in the electrochemical device, which originates from ion recombination near the electrode substrate in space electric field. Further, a validation sensor experiment is designed and realized with affiliated modules, successfully monitoring space electric field.
Drying Dynamics of Solution‐Processed Perovskite Thin‐Film Photovoltaics: In Situ Characterization, Modeling, and Process Control
Authors: Ternes Simon , Börnhorst Tobias , Schwenzer Jonas A. , Hossain Ihteaz M. , Abzieher Tobias , Mehlmann Waldemar , Lemmer Uli , Scharfer Philip , Schabel Wilhelm , Richards Bryce S. , Paetzold Ulrich W.
Published: August 2019

A key challenge for the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaics is the transfer of high‐quality spin coated perovskite thin‐films toward applying industry‐scale thin‐film deposition techniques, such as slot‐die coating, spray coating, screen printing, or inkjet printing. Due to the complexity of the formation of polycrystalline perovskite thin‐films from the precursor solution, efficient strategies for process transfer require advancing the understanding of the involved dynamic processes. This work investigates the fundamental interrelation between the drying dynamics of the precursor solution thin‐film and the quality of the blade coated polycrystalline perovskite thin‐films. Precisely defined drying conditions are established using a temperature‐stabilized drying channel purged with a laminar flow of dry air. The dedicated channel is equipped with laser reflectometry at multiple probing positions, allowing for in situ monitoring of the perovskite solution thin‐film thickness during the drying process. Based on the drying dynamics as measured at varying drying parameters, namely at varying temperature and laminar air flow velocity, a quantitative model on the drying of perovskite thin‐films is derived. This model enables process transfer to industry‐scale deposition systems beyond brute force optimization. Via this approach, homogeneous and pinhole‐free blade coated perovskite thin‐films are fabricated, demonstrating high power conversion efficiencies of up to 19.5% (17.3% stabilized) in perovskite solar cells.