NASA Planetary Science and European Partnerships and Participations
Authors: Daou Doris , Glaze Lori S. 
Published: March 2020

&lt;p&gt;NASA&amp;#8217;s Planetary Science Division (PSD) and space agencies around the world are collaborating on an extensive array of missions exploring our Solar System. Planetary science missions are conducted by some of the most sophisticated robots ever built and international collaboration is an essential part of what we do. NASA has always encouraged international participation on our missions both strategic (i.e., Mars 2020) and competitive (i.e., Discovery and New Frontiers) and other Space Agencies have reciprocated and invited us to participate in their missions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;More specifically, NASA has had a long and fruitful collaboration with ESA on their planetary missions. Currently, NASA is involved in the BepiColombo mission (1 instrument in the Italian Space Agency&amp;#8217;s instrument suite), and the Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer mission (one instrument and parts of two others). In concert with ESA&amp;#8217;s Mars missions we have an instrument on the Mars Express mission, the orbit-ground communications package on the Trace Gas Orbiter (launched in 2016) and part of the DLR/Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer instruments going onboard the ExoMars Rover. Likewise, NASA&amp;#8217;s Mars 2020 rover includes several international payload elements: Spain&amp;#8217;s Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA); Norway&amp;#8217;s Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment (RIMFAX); and the US SuperCam has a significant contribution from France.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In 2016, ESA released a call for proposals in their 5&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; Medium-sized mission class (referred to as M5) as part of their Cosmic Vision program. ESA once again has been tremendous in welcoming possible cooperative proposals with NASA as in the EnVision orbital mission to Venus. EnVision would perform high-resolution radar mapping and atmospheric studies of Venus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;International partnerships are an excellent, proven way of amplifying the scope and sharing the science results of a mission otherwise implemented by an individual space agency. Looking forward, NASA&amp;#8217;s Planetary Science Division is initiating the next Decadal Survey, led by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Mathematics, that will identify priorities for strategic missions in the decade 2023-3032.&amp;#160; There are many exciting destinations within the solar system and these missions will provide new opportunities for international partnership.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The exploration of the Solar System is uniquely poised to bring planetary scientists, worldwide, together under the common theme of understanding the origin, evolution, and bodies of our solar neighborhood. NASA&amp;#8217;s Planetary Science Division provides the planetary science community with opportunities to include international participation on NASA missions. NASA's Discovery and New Frontiers Programs provide U.S. scientists the opportunity to assemble international teams and design exciting, focused planetary science investigations that would deepen the knowledge of our Solar System. The most recent call for Discovery ideas will soon announce selections as part of Step 1 of the competitive process. &amp;#160;NASA continues to encourage the international science community to take full advantage of the many opportunities provided.&lt;/p&gt;