bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ĐẶC ĐIỂM SINH HỌC VÀ PHÂN BỐ CỦA CÂY SẾN TRUNG (Homalium ceylanicum (Gardner) Benth) TRONG RỪNG TỰ NHIÊN Ở PHÚ LỘC VÀ NAM ĐÔNG, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Bình Vũ Đức , Lợi Nguyễn Văn
Published: July 2018

Tóm tắt: Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy Sến trung là cây ưa sáng, cây gỗ lớn thường xanh, có hình dáng đẹp. Sến trung phân bố rải rác ven các khe suối, ở những nơi có độ cao dưới 1.110 m, nhiệt độ trung bình năm trong khoảng 21,5–25,2 °C, độ ẩm không khí trung bình năm từ 83 đến 87 %, lượng mưa từ 2.773–3.642 mm/năm, trên các loại đất ferralit đỏ vàng với độ dày tầng đất từ 80 đến 100 cm. Thành phần cơ giới của đất chủ yếu là thịt nhẹ đến trung bình, đất hơi chua với pHKCl = 4–4,5, hàm lượng mùn từ 1,8 % đến 2,7 %, độ tàn che của rừng trong khoảng 0,4–0,8. Sến trung thường mọc kèm với các loài cây Dẻ gai sapa (Castanopsis chapaensis) và Trâm mốc (Syzygium cuminii), Trường vải (Paranephelium spirei), Trám trắng (Canarium album), Chò đen (Parashorea stellata) và Mít nài (Artocarpus asperula). Sến trung có mật độ cây tái sinh rất thấp và không tham gia vào công thức tổ thành. Tỷ lệ cây tốt khoảng 66,8–73,7 %. Cây tái sinh chủ yếu từ hạt chiếm khoảng 92,7–94,3 %. Cây tái sinh triển vọng tại Nam Đông (1.873 cây/ha), Phú Lộc (3.980 cây/ha). Mạng hình phân bố cây tái sinh có phân bố đều.Từ khóa: đặc điểm sinh học, phân bố, Sến trung, rừng tự nhiên, Thừa Thiên Huế
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MẬT ĐỘ ƯƠNG ĐẾN TỐC ĐỘ TĂNG TRƯỞNG VÀ TỶ LỆ SỐNG CỦA CÁ DÌA Siganus guttatus (Bloch, 1787) TỪ GIAI ĐOẠN CÁ HƯƠNG ĐẾN CÁ GIỐNG
Authors: Linh Nguyễn Quang , Phương Trần Vinh , Bình Mạc Như , Ngọc Trần Nguyên
Published: July 2018

Tóm tắt: Cá dìa Siganus guttatus (Bloch, 1787) từ 20 đến 40 ngày tuổi được thử nghiệm ương nuôi với 3 mật độ khác nhau 1.000 con/m3 (nghiệm thức 1), 1.200 con/m3 (nghiệm thức 2) và 1.400 con/m3 (nghiệm thức 3).                   Thí nghiệm được bố trí hoàn toàn ngẫu nhiên với 3 lần lặp lại ở mỗi nghiệm thức. Thức ăn được sử dụng ở giai đoạn này là rotifer dòng nhỏ Brachionus rotundiformis, nauplius Artemia và thức ăn công nghiệp cho tôm Lansy Post, N0 của Công ty INVE aquaculture. Kết quả cho thấy mật độ ương ảnh hưởng đến sinh trưởng và tỷ lệ sống của cá dìa từ giai đoạn cá hương đến cá giống. Tốc độ sinh trưởng của cá ở nghiệm thức 1 là lớn nhất về cả khối lượng lẫn chiều dài, tương ứng là 1,44 g/con và 3,03 cm/con. Tỷ lệ sống sau khi kết thúc thí nghiệm của các nghiệm thức 1, 2 và 3 lần lượt là 68,9, 67,6 và 58,2 %.Từ khóa: cá dìa, mật độ ương, siganus guttatus
Independencia judicial y estándares internacionales de derechos humanos en la Ley de justicia y paz
Authors: Normativos y de derechos humanos Grupo de estudios políticos,
Published: July 2018

Este artículo es un producto parcial del proyecto de investigación que en la líneadel Derecho penal constitucional y garantista se adelanta desde la academia, conel propósito de analizar en qué forma la Ley de justicia y paz (Ley 975 de 2005) ysu aplicación, se ajusta a los estándares internacionales de derechos humanos enmateria de justicia, verdad y reparación que proclama respecto de las víctimas y laconformidad de los procedimientos allí definidos con los principios de independenciajudicial.
Aplicación de la Convención sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer (Cedaw) en las altas cortes nacionales
Authors: Y justicia Observatorio de género
Published: July 2018

Esta investigación es una respuesta a la necesidad de ir un paso más allá de lo dispuesto en el articulado de la Convención para la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer (Cedaw por sus siglas en inglés), adoptada por laAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas el 18 de diciembre de 1979, y estudiar eldiscurso judicial de las altas cortes en relación con los derechos a la igualdad y nodiscriminación de la mujer, en razón a las continuas denuncias de que las garantíasconsagradas internacionalmente no se traducen en una protección real de los derechos de quienes acuden ante la administración de justicia. El objetivo es ofrecer luces y recomendaciones sobre la eficacia de la Cedaw como herramienta para el avance de los derechos de las mujeres en las cortes domésticas, a partir del estudio de la jurisprudencia de tres países latinoamericanos: Argentina, Colombia y Perú.
Razón, sentimientos y derechos humanos
Authors: Sierra Jorge
Published: July 2018

El objetivo de este escrito es exponer y evaluar los argumentos que Ernst Tugendhat presenta a favor de dos tesis. La primera tesis afirma que el imperativo categórico kantiano es el único principio plausible entre todos los principios morales no trascendentes que existen. La segunda tesis afirma que, con base en tal principio, es posible dar un fundamento sólido para los derechos humanos. Argumentaremos que las críticas de Tugendhat al utilitarismo que, considera como su adversario más fuerte en su búsqueda de un principio ético plausible, no son tan contundentes como él supone y que la noción revisada de imperativo categórico que propone es, en el fondo, equivalente a un principio utilitarista, más exactamente, al principio de igual consideración de intereses formulado en 1980 por Peter Singer. Pero si bien lo que termina por admitir Tugendhat es, en realidad, un principio utilitarista, se niega a reconocer los alcances que tiene tal principio en relación con la defensa de los derechos de los animales, el aborto y la obligación de ayudar. Finalmente, examinaremos eltratamiento que Tugendhat hace del tema de los derechos humanos a la luz del pensamiento de Rorty, para mostrar que la apelación a los sentimientos morales anula la necesidad de buscar un fundamento para tales derechos. Este hecho también contribuye a mostrar que la propuesta ética más plausible es el utilitarismo, el cual es afín con el pensamiento rortiano.
La juventud rural en Colombia: estudio crítico sobre el acceso a la formación académica superior
Authors: Pinzón Laitón Elvis
Published: July 2018

El escrito demuestra que los(as) jóvenes del sector ru- ral, con relación a la educación superior, requieren de una pronta y justa atención por parte del Estado para ayudarlos(as) a superar las dificultades que afrontan una vez terminan la educación media, de modo que no vean frustrado el desarrollo de su proyecto de vida. Enfatiza en la importancia de la formulación y ejecución de polí- ticas públicas claras y adecuadas a las necesidades de los egresados de aquellos municipios distantes a las universi- dades, caso específico los de Tununguá, Boyacá, Colom- bia. Defiende la educación como el medio más importante para el desarrollo del sector rural en el país; esto implica cobertura, ayuda económica, orientación a las familias y compromiso del (la) joven para hacer parte de procesos formativos a nivel profesional en el campo de conocimien- to de su preferencia, y de esta forma acceder a otros estilos de vida para su familia, en el marco de un país que recono- ce el derecho a la igualdad.The writing shows that the young’s of the rural sector in relation to higher education, require a prompt and fair attention of the state to help to overcome the difficulties they face once, they finish their media education studies, frustrating the development of the life project, of each teenage, which is built in this time lapse. It focuses on the importance of the formulation and execution of clear public politics suitable to the necessity of the graduates of those towns distant of the universities as is the specific case of Tununguá (Boyacá, Colombia). It defends the ed- ucation line the most suitable media for the development of the rural sector in our country. It implies coverage, economic help, orientation to the families and commit- ment of the young to make part of formative processes at professional level in the knowledge field the student selects and on this way to get other life styles for their families inside the framework of a country that promul- gates the right to equality.
Veo, pienso y me pregunto. El uso de rutinas de pensamiento para promover el pensamiento crítico en las clases de historia a nivel escolar
Authors: Grez Cook Francesca
Published: July 2018

El siglo xxi ha generado diversos desafíos para los sistemas educacionales en el mundo, es por ello que se han llevado a cabo revisiones y actualizaciones curriculares. En este sentido, el Ministerio de Educación del Gobierno de Chile (mineduc) ha promovido la intensificación del pensamiento crítico dentro de las diversas asignaturas. En el caso de las clases de Historia, esta habilidad se relaciona estrechamente con el fortalecimiento
del “Pensamiento Histórico”. Este escrito tiene como objetivo presentar el resultado obtenido del estudio realizado bajo la metodología de investigaciónacción, que implicó aplicar dos rutinas de pensamiento del Proyecto Zero, que permiten trabajar fuentes iconográficas dentro de las clases de Historia, y con esto fortalecer un lenguaje y cultura de pensamiento visible y crítico en los estudiantes.
Development of Accounting E-Module to Support the Scientific Approach of Students Grade X Vocational High School
Authors: Hamzah Imron , Mentari Sriyani
Published: July 2018

Learning material development in form of electronic module with scientific is solution to optimize student’s scientific thinking process in students. This electronic module development model uses ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development and Implementation, Evaluation). Scientific approach to suports accounting e-module development is tested to students of grade X Accounting of SMK PGRI 2 Malang. Data type used is qualitative and quantitative. Test design used in scientific approach to suports e-module development is experimental. Data collection technique in this development uses polling. Research data analysis technique uses percentage descriptive technique, while qualitative data in form of critics and suggestion can directly make conclusion. Suports on scientific approach to suports accounting e-module development, from the result, it can be concluded that scientific approach to supports accounting e-module is appropriate and able to improve students learning motivation and result.

 

Keywords: E-Module, Scientific Approach, Learning motivation, Learning result.
Non-Analytic Tableaux for Chellas's Conditional Logic CK and Lewis's Logic of Counterfactuals VC
Authors: Zach Richard
Published: July 2018

Priest has provided a simple tableau calculus for Chellas's conditional logic Ck. We provide rules which, when added to Priest's system, result in tableau calculi for Chellas's CK and Lewis's VC. Completeness of these tableaux, however, relies on the cut rule.
CONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS ' WITH DISABILITIES KNOWLEDGE OF ECONOMICS VIA DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Kuznetsova S. N.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:In the article the author addresses the issue of finding ways to improve the content and methods of training for students with disabilities (LHO). Pointing to the importance of the main socio-economic reforms in the country, the activation of social policy towards democratization and humanization of society, the author emphasizes that the change in the learning conditions of people with disabilities is aimed at the creation and development of the individual with the skills of social and adaptive behavior in relation to the economy.

Materials and methods:The author emphasizes that one of the ways to implement this task is the educational inclusion, which is considered as a means of social rehabilitation of the student. These conditions ensure equal rights, accessibility, and the possibility of choosing the educational route of the student with the LHO.

Research result:The article discusses new conditions for the development of students with disabilities (LHO) by means of economic education, the importance of distance learning. Implementation of the process of economic knowledge formation in students with LHO consists of the following stages: diagnostic; analytical; strategic; forming; developing; final diagnostic. The author identifies interactivity as a key indicator of DL, which: provides interactivity between the student and the teacher; it provides the opportunity of group training; provides feedback; forms and supports motivation; provides a choice of the content of the program module, which allows the trainee to realize their progress from module to module, allows the choice of any module.

Discussion and conclusions:The article offers the option of creating conditions for quality education, students with LHO through the implementation of economic education means.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND PARENTING EXPERIENCES OF MOTHERS FROM DIFFERENT TYPES OF FAMILIES
Authors: Semenova L. E. , Serebriakova T. A. , Garahinа Yu. E.
Published: July 2018

Introduction: This article is devoted to the problem of personal experience of motherhood of young women from full and incomplete families in the context of their subjective experience of psychological well-being. Some approaches to the study of the phenomenon of psychological wellbeing in modern psychology, as well as the importance of this phenomenon for the implementation of maternal functions are considered. The authors substantiate the importance and relevance of more detailed development of the problem of interconnection of features of manifestation of psychological well-being of young mothers from full and incomplete families and the degree of adoption of parental position.

Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a comparative analysis of general and fundamental components of psychological well-being of young mothers from the full and incomplete families, and also the degree of acceptance of their informative aspects of the parental position. The nature of the relationship between psychological well-being and the parent position of married women-mothers and single-parent mothers is determined.

Results:The research suggest that single-parent mothers unlike married mothers have lower indices both in most of the main components and the total level of psychological well-being, that allows to consider the mothers from full families to be psychologically wealthier than single-parent mothers on the one hand and on the other hand their acceptance of parental position is stronger than  singleparent mothers’ position. The positive nature of the relationship between the level of psychological well-being and the degree of adoption of parental position with married women-mothers as well as the less unambiguous nature of such a relationship withsingle-parent mothers are ascertained.

Discussion and Conclusions: According to the results of the study, the authors have proved the influence of the marital status of young mothers (married / unmarried) on the subjective experience of their psychological well-being and on the degree of acceptance of their parental position, as well as the presence of some specificity of statistically significant correlation relationships with mothers from full and incomplete families
ORGANIZATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR FORMING THE READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR PROJECT ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF EDUCATION
Authors: Samerhanova E. K. , Imzharova Z. U.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:In the article the organizational and pedagogical conditions of readiness of future teachers for the project activity in conditions of digitalization of education are analyzed. The structure of readiness is defined, which includes the following components: motivational-value, contentprocedural, organizational-managerial, reflex-appraisal. The motivation-value component is aimed at stimulating the motivational attitude of the students to the project activity, understanding its significance for future pedagogical activity. The content-procedural component is aimed at the phased development of the project activities, including the entire life cycle of the project: research, planning, development, deployment and quality assessment. The organizational and management component is aimed at the organization of interaction between teachers, students, administration of the university, developing strategic goals, predicting the result of project activities, performing diagnostics and control in project management. The impact-assessment component is aimed at the formation of a reflective readiness for the project activity. 

Materials and methods:When writing the article, the following methods were used: theoretical and methodological analysis and synthesis of existing special domestic and foreign scientific and methodological literature, a conceptual analysis of scientific articles and publications. An interdisciplinary scientific and theoretical analysis of the problem was conducted on the subject of the research, as a result of which the conclusion was made that the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the readiness of future teachers for the project activity are to be developed.

Results:The set of organizational and pedagogical conditions necessary and sufficient for the successful formation of the project activity of future teachers in conditions of digitalization of education is justified. The program of experimental and experimental research of the readiness of future teachers for the project activity on motivational-value, substantive-procedural, organizational and managerial, reflective-evaluative components is implemented, ensuring objectivity, complexity, consistency of monitoring and evaluation of the results of project activities.

Discussion and Conclusions:The willingness and ability of future teachers to carry out project activities in the digital environment will effectively organize the educational process in the digital age
INVOLVING OF TRAINEES-FUTURE TEACHERS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN PROJECT ACTIVITIES IN THE DISCIPLINE
Authors: Prokhorova M. P. , Semchenko A. A.
Published: July 2018

Introduction:The project activity in professional training of future teachers of vocational training ensures its ability to effectively solve pedagogical tasks, participate in teamwork, develop educational systems. The requirements of the future specialist's readiness for the project activity are reflected in the GEF and in the professional standard. This determines the relevance of involving future teachers of vocational training in project activities when mastering disciplines.

Materials and methods:Experimental work on involving students in the project activities was carried out in three stages. At first, they had experience of participating in different types of project activities, the second involved work on engaging in project activities, and on the third, the effectiveness of involvement in project activities was assessed. At all stages of the study, methods of observation and generalization of pedagogical experience and questioning were used.

Results:The first stage revealed the experience of participation in the project activity (the students took part in the development of the content and the project), the sources of difficulties for the students in the project activity (related to the search for ideas, practical implementation of the project and evaluation of its results) obtaining meaningful results and developing teamwork skills). At the second stage, methodical support of the project activity was developed within the framework of the discipline; experimental work in this direction was carried out. At the third stage, the trainees called the skills they perceived as new (to conduct assessment and self-evaluation of the results of the project work, to apply in ICT projects and on-line resources, etc.), indicated the existence of a strong relationship between the gained experience of the project activity and future professional activity, showed a decrease in the share of difficulties in the project work.

Discussion and Conclusions:conclusions were drawn about the significant pedagogical potential for involving learners in the project activity in the discipline, provided that the quality of the methodical study of its content and the provision of project assignments at each stage with future professional activity are provided.
Colombia, liderazgos políticos en un contexto de violencia. César Gaviria Trujillo
Authors: Duque Daza Javier
Published: July 2018

Este artículo reconstruye la trayectoria de uno de los actores políticos más importantes de la vida política de Colombia en las últimas cuatro décadas. Se analiza a César Gaviria Trujillo, sus comienzos en la política, su consolidación política y el acceso a la Presidencia de la República. También se aborda la construcción de su liderazgo, su proyección, su desempeño como presidente y su papel en la política desde la década de 1980 hasta la actualidad. El artículo da cuenta de un estudio de caso de un liderazgo relevante mediante el cual se puede ilustrar varias de las dinámicas políticas del país.
La teoría del reconocimiento de Axel Honneth como teoría crítica de la sociedad capitalista contemporánea
Authors: Zuñiga Luis Alfonso , Valencia López Harold
Published: July 2018

Analizamos los alcances que tiene la teoría del reconocimiento de Axel Honneth como teoría crítica de la sociedad capitalista contemporánea. Para ese fin, mostramos cómo la teoría del reconocimiento se articula con la crítica inmanente de la sociedad y cómo Honneth intenta subsanar los vacíos existentes en el programa de la primera Escuela de Frankfurt. Seguidamente, se muestra que el momento de “trascendencia intramundana”, distinguido por Honneth, está constituido por un sujeto político que no está determinado ni por su condición de clase, ni por su ubicación dentro los llamados “nuevos movimientos sociales”. Con esto, la “sociedad del desprecio” y la correspondiente lucha por el reconocimiento no necesariamente encuentran sus referentes en las luchas sociales que se presentan en los contextos de la sociedad capitalista avanzada. Por último, se analizan los alcances de la teoría del reconocimiento en relación con los objetivos emancipadores planteados en la primera generación de la Escuela de Frankfurt.
Tentang Beban Pokok Studi Tentang Beban Pokok Produksi, Pengaruhnya Terhada Kemandirian Pendanaan Perusahaan Rokok Go Public di Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Marhaendra
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini menggunakan data laporan keuangan perusahaan industri rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode tahun 2010 – 2015 untuk mempelajari perbedaan nilai beban pokok produksi berdasarkan ukuran perusahaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap kemandirian pendanaan melalui penjualan produk. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data uji beda rata-rata dengan one way anova untuk pengujian komparatif dan menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana untuk pengujian asosiatif, dengan taraf signifikansi 5%.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan mempengaruhi biaya produksi, biaya produksi mempengaruhi penjualan, dan penjualan mempengaruhi kemandirian pendanaan. Perusahaan rokok memiliki kemandirian pendanaan yang baik, mereka lebih mengupayakan pendanaan dari sektor operasional utama yakni melalui penjualan produk dan efisiensi biaya produksi, daripada pendanaan yang bersumber dari pinjaman pihak ekstern. Penelitian ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan ukuran perusahaan, biaya produksi dan kemandirian pendanaan, dimana ukuran perusahaan memberi dampak pada besar kecilnya biaya produksi dan tingkat kemandirian.
Analisis PAD dan Dana Perimbangan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemda Se-Jawa Barat
Authors: PUSPITA_AYU PUTRI
Published: July 2018

The research is to find out and analyze the contribution of Original income Equalization Funds against the region and the financial performance of local Government Counties and the city of se-West Java province.

Hypothesis testing in this study using multiple regression analysis (Multiple Regression) on the grounds that its independent variable more than one. This analysis is used to determine the relationship between financial performance areas with independent variables (the original Revenue Equalization Fund and regional). To know the influence between independent variables with the performance levels of local government then performed testing of hypothesis testing research on the variables with the determination coefficient and t-test.

Linear regression analysis of the barganda equation KKPD = 1.452 + 0, 561PAD – 0, 171DP + e. Whereas determinasinya coefficients (R2) of 25.3%. based on the research results obtained the conclusion that Equalization Fund of PAD effect partially against the financial performance of local government.
ANALISIS KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI ORANG TUA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN ANAK DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Mucharom Neviyani
Published: July 2018

Resource-quality showed the strong commitment of the government in its economic development program, the demands of society were more complex and competition tight, especially in the era of globalization and so that free trade, it  needed good quality of human resources, one of effort to improve human resources were through education. This research was conducted in Jember regency, the method for sampling by purposive sampling technique. The data Analysis Technique used Multiple Linear Regression. Based on the calculation results of SPSS, found: 1). There was the influence of social-economic condition level of parents foward education level of children in Jember regency. 2). There was the influence of parents education  level toward children education level in Jember regency. 3). There was the influence of parents income to the level of education of children in Jember regency. 4). There was the influence ownership toward the level education of children in Jember regency. 5). There was the influence of hause type the level toward of children education in Jember regency.

Keywords: Socio-economic, education level, income, ownership Facilities / wealth, and type Dwelling
PEMANFAATAN BROSUR SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH PESERTA DIDIK PADA DUTA ISLAMIC SCHOOL (DIS) SEMARANG
Authors: Kusumo Haryo
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Duta Islamic School (DIS) Semarang is a business that is engaged in education of preschoolers. The absence of promotion within the DIS leads to a lack of awareness amongst the public. Duta Islamic School tries to attract people by making brochures as marketing and promotion media. In the application of brochure design is very unlimited because it is mass. This type of marketing and promotional media is also very effective in attracting consumers, usually containing fairly complete data with supporting images. Especially with an interesting design and creative. With the media marketing and promotion of brochures are expected to increase awareness among the community as well as to increase the number of learners at DIS.

 

Keywords: brochures, marketing media, promotion.       

Abstrak

Duta Islamic School (DIS) Semarangmerupakan sebuah usaha yang bergerak dibidang pendidikan anak  prasekolah. Belum adanya promosi di dalam DIS menyebabkan kurangnya awareness dikalangan masyarakat. Duta Islamic School  berusaha menarik minat masyarakat dengan membuat brosur sebagai media pemasaran dan promosi. Dalam penerapannya  penggarapan desain brosur sangat tidak terbatas karenabersifat masal. Jenis media pemasaran dan promosi ini juga sangat efektif dalam menarik konsumen, biasanya memuat data yang cukup lengkap disertai gambar - gambar pendukung. Apalagi dengan desain yang menarik dan kreatif. Dengan adanya media pemasaran dan promosi brosur diharapkan dapat meningkatkan awareness dikalangan masyarakat sekaligus dapat meningkatkan jumlah peserta didik pada DIS.

Kata kunci : brosur, media pemasaran, promosi
PREFERENSI KONSUMEN PRODUK KEFIR SUSU KAMBING DI MALANG
Authors: Fanani Zaenal , Thohari Imam
Published: July 2018

Suatu penelitian  menganalisis faktor-faktor  yang  berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian kefir susu kambing dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap preferensi konsumen kefir susu kambing.

               Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen  kefir susu kambing yang ada di Kabupaten Malang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen kefir susu kambing di Kabupaten Malang, sedangkan populasi targetnya adalah konsumen kefir susu kambing di Jawa Timur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan melalui 3 tahap yaitu  penentuan sampel lokasi dilakukan dengan metoe  Purposive Sampling. Pengambilan sampel  responden  dilakukan secara aksidental  Sampling sebanyak 100-200 orang. Data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner dengan skala Likert. Sumbangan variabel yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian dan preferensi konsumen  diuji menggunakan regresi linier berganda,  secara matematis adalah Y = a+β1X1+ β2X2+ β3X3+ β4X4+ ......+ βnXn+e. 

Hasil penelitian bahwa Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan pembelian kefir susu kambing adalah faktor jaminan keamanan, kepuasan fisiologis, kepuasan sosiologis, kepuasan harga diri, dan aktualisasi dengan  persamaan regresi  berganda Y=0,629+0,056X1+0,159X2+0,080X3-0,053X4+0,048X5.  

Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap preferensi konsumen adalah faktor halal, ingredient, nilai gizi, kesehatan, kebiasaan, dan faktor nature produc  dengan persamaan regresi berganda  Y=1,857+0,065X1+0,082X2 +0,112X3+ 0,123X4 +0,067X5 +0,045
Some Problems of Perspective Planning in Pakistan
Authors: Hasan Said
Published: July 2018

The growing confidence of Pakistan's planners in the nation's
economic future is indicated by the boldness of their successive plans
and by the lengthening of their time horizon. As far as the latter is
concerned, the First Five-Year Plan did not reflect any thinking on
economic and social development beyond a specific five-year period; the
Second Plan, however, contained some remarks on long-term growth; the
Third Plan is being prepared in close relation to the work being done on
the Perspective Plan. What fifteen years ago would have been regarded as
a waste of time is now considered to be of basic import¬ance for sound
planning. What nobody dared think about in the earlier days is now the
subject of serious analysis and policy-making. The need for a
Perspective Plan is there not only from an economic angle but there are
also sound political reasons for it. From the economic angle, we
realized that the five-year periods chosen for our plans are only
arbitrary periods in a process stretching over a much longer time. Our
decisions and policies during one plan influence the pattern of growth
in the next one, and influence also the effectiveness of established
policies. Therefore, any particular five-year plan has to be part of a
whole chain of plans, all fitting together and building further on the
work done in the preceding period.
Some Strategic Problems in Agricultural Development in
Pakistan
Authors: Mohammad Ghulam
Published: July 2018

Crop yields in Pakistan are amongst the lowest in the world.
Food intake is less than 2,000 calories per capita per day; the diet is
not balanced and consists mainly of cereals. The average intake of
animal protein is only onehalf of the absolute minimum recommended by
the FAO1. Similarly, yields of export crops are low and foreign-exchange
earnings are meagre. So long as yields of crops remain low, the great
bulk of the land will continue to be devoted to growing of subsistence
cereals for the human population and there is very little possibility of
crop diversification to include more of such nutritive foods as fruits
and vegetables. Under such conditions, there is virtually no possibility
of diverting any significant acreage from food and cash crops to fodder
and feed crops for the animal population
Main Economic Characteristics of the People of Pakistan: Sixth
Release From the 1961 Census (Review Article )
Authors: Haroon Khurshid , Azra Jan Yasmin
Published: July 2018

This review of Census Bulletin No. J1 from the 1961 Census of
Pakistan is fifth in a series2 of review articles on the census
publications prepared by or under the auspices of the Demographic
Section of the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics. The Bulletin
is an interim report on the economic characteristics of the population
of Pakistan. It was published in the second week of March, and released
in the third week of May 1963. Thus, the information became available to
planners, researchers and administrators 27 months and 3 weeks after the
completion of census enumeration in January 1961. There is a two-page
introduction giving the method and questions through which the data on
economic characteristics were obtained. It also promises more data on
economic aspects in the main census reports still to be issued. Detailed
classification of the nonagricultural labour-force by industry and
occupation will be given in separate volumes sometime in
1964.
Family-Planning Knowledge and Attitude Surveys in Pakistan
(Review Article)
Authors: Haroon Khurshid , Azra Jan Yasmin
Published: July 2018

Very little of the intense interest and activity in the field
of family planning in Pakistan has come up in the form of publications.
Since the formation of the Family Planning Association of Pakistan in
1953 and the initiative of the government in promoting a national
family-planning programme in its Second Five-Year Plan, relatively few
reports have been printed. Most of what has been written in Pakistan
about family planning has either been reported at conferences abroad or
published in foreign journals, or submitted as graduate dissertations at
universities within the country and abroad1. While numerous papers
presented at conferences in Pakistan have been given limited circulation
in mimeographed form2, much of the preliminary data, emanating from most
of the action-research projects in progress, are held up till
substantive demographic changes are measured and approaches evaluated
accordingly.
Export Potential of Fine Rice From Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Syed Mushtaq
Published: July 2018

In recent years, rice has emerged as an important foreign
exchange earner for Pakistan. All the rice exports since 1958-59 were
supplied by West Pakistan, a surplus rice area under the present price
and procurement policies. In spite of an overall rice deficit, due to
deficiency of production in East Pakistan, high-priced fine varieties
were exported at the same time that PL 480 food grains were being
imported. The current thinking in and outside the government is to raise
substantially the production and exports of fine rice (especially
Basmati rice). In order to examine the rationality of increasing the
production and exports of fine rice, certain basic information on world
supply and demand are essential. This paper attempts to provide and
build up some of the necessary infor¬mation on the supply of and demand
for Pakistan's fine rices. Moreover, the rationality of increasing the
production and exports of fine rice and of continuing the present policy
and institutional framework for the procurement and export of rice, is
examined. The paper is divided into four parts (in addition to the
intro¬duction and conclusion): i) supply potential of fine rices, ii)
potential world demand for fine rices; iii) policy and institutional
framework for the procure¬ment and export of fine rice; and iv)
rationality of increasing the production and export of fine rice.
Vital Rates in East and West Pakistan Tentative Results from the
PGE Experiment
Authors: Krotki Karol J. , Ahmed Nazir
Published: July 2018

Readers of this journal were introduced to the Population
Growth Estimation (PGE) experiment in the issue of Spring 1962 [5].
Since then five mimeographed interim reports1 have appeared and two
papers have been presented to international conferences [23 ;4]. The
experiment is now in its third year and the time has come to report more
comprehensively on the findings and experiences of the first two years.
We feel the importance of the findings to be so great for the future of
this country (and the confidence in their reliability to be sufficiently
high) that they should be disclosed. Even if not immediately accepted,
the findings will provoke continued enquiries, resulting in eventual
acceptance of more generally agreed upon vital rates. Simultaneously, a
more comprehensive report in the form of a monograph is being prepared
[3]. Opinions of an assertive nature in this article will — it is hoped
— be justified more convincingly in the monograph. The monograph will
thus enable both the authors and the readers to subject the PGE
experiment and its findings to a much more penetrating criticism than
the current article. Although this article is a report on the first two
years of the experiment, it repeats in broad strokes some of the
introductory material available elsewhere. Readers familiar with the
experiment will excuse this tendency to ensure that the present article
is self contained. Besides discussing certain natural developments
arising from the experiment, this paper indicates briefly some
evolutionary shifts in our thinking and the consequent changes in the
organization and administration of the experiment.
Tariff Protection, Import Substitution and Investment
Efficiency
Authors: Soligo Ronald , Stern Joseph J.
Published: July 2018

A chronic deficit in the balance of payments is a problem
which plagues almost all developing countries. In Pakistan, as in other
countries, the develop¬ment plans have contained a two-pronged approach
to the problem: to increase exports and to reduce the need to import
through a process of import substi¬tution. Exports have bsen encouraged
by giving numerous concessions and subsidies to the exporting firms1 but
the best known and most successful of the export promotion schemes is
the bonus voucher system2;3. Industrialization has been pursued behind a
wall of tariffs and import licen¬sing which have provided generous
incentives for the establishment in Pakistan of import-substituting
industries. Within this framework of high protection to
..........
Waterlogging and Salinity in the Indus Plain: Comment
Authors: Ahmad Nazir
Published: July 2018

Mr. Ghulam Mohammad, Senior Research Economist of the Pakistan
institute of Development Economics, by publishing his critical analysis
of the Revelle Report in Volume IV, No. 3 of the Pakistan Development
Review [4] has done a great service to the country. A chance has, thus,
been created to examine some of the recommendations for the solution of
the problem as put forth by the Panel of scientists from America. Ghulam
Mohammad has summarised the major recommendations of the Revelle Report
and then commented upon these, giving alternative suggestions. The ma,n
recommendations of the report are to install tubewells in the large
agricultural regions of the Indus Plain. This suggestion is to
supple¬ment the insufficient diversion of the surface water and at the
same time to effect the drainage of the land. Ghulam Mohammad has
discussed the results of the quality of groundwater, and has concluded,
''that groundwater of the Indus Plain are charged with dangerous limits
of bicarbonates and sodium contents and their indiscriminate utilization
will make the soils alkaline and impermeable." In his opinion, tubewells
should not be installed in areas where concentration of sodium or
bicarbonates is very high.
Waterlogging and Salinity in the Indus Plain: Rejoinder
Authors: Mohammad Ghulam
Published: July 2018

Most of the points raised by the Panel members, Drs. Roger
Revile, Harold Thomas and Robert Dorfman, have been answered in the
comment by Dr. Frank M. Eaton. Dr. Nazir Ahmad has further elaborated
some of the issues involved. The author will confine his remarks to two
basic issues, namely, pumping of water for irrigation purposes in the
non-saline high quality ground¬water areas in the Northern Zone of the
Indus Plain and provision of horizontal sub-surface drainage facilities
in areas where the groundwaters are saline and unfit for irrigation use.
The author is happy to note that the Panel members acknowledge the
significant contribution made by private tubewells to the productivity
of agri¬culture in West Pakistan. The author agrees with the Panel
members that private tubewells will be developed mainly in areas that
have adequate supplies of high quality groundwater and not in areas
where the groundwater is too saline to be applied to land without
dilution with canal water. Ina previous article, the author proposed
that horizontal sub-surface drain¬age facilities should be provided in
the saline groundwater areas [5, pp.387-395]. The Panel members do not
agree with this and propose instead deep tubewells for irrigation as
well as for drainage purposes. They suggest that with the use of deep
tubewells and canal water the salt be flushed out of the root zone and
washed downward with recycled pumped water to be stored
underground.
Input-Output Relationships in Pakistan (Book Review)
Authors: Tims Wouter
Published: July 2018

Growing integration of economic analysis and policy making
over the last several decades has created, as a by-product, an ever
increasing flow of economic statistics, which still continues to grow in
scope and detail. This is especially true in developed countries, where
the various statistical offices produce each year an amount of new
material which could easily fill a respectable bookcase. This is also
true in the developing countries where the requirements for rational
development planning and policy preparation are increasing rapidly and
most of the statistical agencies have a difficult time in trying to keep
up with these demands. One of the most comprehensive descriptions of an
economy, which is receiving increasing attention at the policy
formulating level, is provided within the framework of an input-output
table, and Dr. Rasul has made it his task to produce such a table for
the Pakistan economy of 1954. This is a staggering task, generally done
by a team of statisticians instead of by one person. The author
deserves, therefore, a tribute of respect for his courage and
perseverance in undertaking this work. This is even more the case when
one realises that this project was undertaken at a distance of several
thousand miles from Pakistan, in the Netherlands Economic Institute in
Rotterdam or at the author's home in the Hague.
PEMODELAN KOPERASI WANITA DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN PEREMPUAN DI KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Farida Nurul - , - Suprianto -
Published: July 2018

Life welfare is the hope of every society and society welfare  is the goal of the goverment to create a fair society, properous and safe  is required some kind  progam of the activities community. This research is to contribute the modeling of women cooperation in improving of welfare. Women cooperation is one of groups community that have purpose to increase women ability to increase his life by activities what he did. From the result of the reseach can be conclusion that the affect the level of welfare is happiness, they will feel happy when fulfilled necessities of her life, education wich is can reach the cost of education and quality of  life, wich is recognition and public trust about her ability so they can be more  quality theirself.
AKUNTANSI ZAKAT: KAJIAN PSAK 109 (Studi Kasus Pada BAZNAS Kota Makassar)
Authors: Bulutoding Lince - , Anggeriani Wiwi -
Published: July 2018

This study aims to analyze the management of zakat in BAZNAS Kota Makassar on implementing Zakah Accounting based on PSAK 109. This is a qualitative research with case study. The data collection technique done through interview. The results showed that Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Makassar City has performed its duties and functions as the Amil Zakat Agency in accordance with Law No.23 Year 2011. However, the financial statements that have been compiled are not in accordance with the standard contained in PSAK 109 on Accounting for Zakah. Keywords: Zakah Accounting, PSAK 109, BAZNAS, Makassar
Mercado da nostalgia e narrativas audiovisuais
Authors: Goulart Ribeiro Ana Paula
Published: July 2018

O mercado da nostalgia se caracteriza pela comercialização de objetos e narrativas que, de uma forma emocional e afetiva, remetem ao passado, seja como referência histórica e cultural, como espaço de experiência ou como modelo estético. Partindo desta definição, nos propomos a refletir sobre o apelo nostálgico de algumas produções televisivas e cinematográficas e sobre seus significados. Acreditamos que a nostalgia contemporânea pode expressar uma visão romântica ou conservadora do passado, mas pode também ser marcada por potências e positividades. A nostalgia diz muito sobre a forma ambígua e contraditória com que nos relacionamos hoje com nossa temporalidade.
An Innovative Face Detection Based on YCgCr Color Space
Authors: Aryza Solly
Published: July 2018

It is very challenging to recognize a face from an image due to the wide variety of face and the uncertain of face position. The research on detecting human faces in color image and in video sequence has been attracted with more and more people. In this paper, we propose a novel face detection method that achieves better detection rates. The new face detection algorithms based on skin color model in YCgCr chrominance space. Firstly, we build a skin Gaussian model in Cg-Cr color space. Secondly, a calculation of correlation coefficient is performed between the given template and the candidates. Experimental results demonstrate that our system has achieved high detection rates and low false positives over a wide range of facial variations in color, position and varying lighting conditions.
A preliminary theory of change detailing how women’s participation can improve the management of local forests and fisheries
Authors: Leisher Craig , Booker Francesca , Agarwal Bina , Day Michael , Matthews Elizabeth , Prosnitz Debra , Roe Dilys , Russell Diane , Samberg Leah , Sunderland Terry , Temsah Gheda , Wilkie David
Published: July 2018

What are the known factors that improve resource governance and conservation when women have a say in the management of local forests and fisheries? We reviewed a large body of literature to address this question and identified 11 studies that compare the governance and conservation results of mixed-gender resource management groups with men-only or women-only groups. The assembled evidence, while neither wide nor deep, forms the basis for a preliminary theory of change as to how participation of women in resource management groups can result in improved resource governance and conservation. Compared to men-only or women-only resource management groups, mixed-gender groups in the included studies tend to have greater community compliance with resource use rules, more transparency and accountability, better conflict resolution, increased patrolling and enforcement, and greater equity of access to resources. They also tend to have more effective resource conservation. There are, however, a number of inclusionary and exclusionary factors that influence women’s participation in forest or fishery management, and the local context appears to be critical in enabling mixed-gender forest and fisheries management.