bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of the timing of shungite application on the agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil and potato yield
Authors: Sidorova Valeriia
Published: November 2024

The shungite effect on potato growth and yield and on the main agrochemical properties of agro sod-podzolic soil under conditions of small-scale field experiment was studied. Shungite fractions of 0.5 mm and shungite-dolomite mixture in a dosage of 0.5 kg/m2 were used. Meliorants were introduced in two periods – first during the autumn digging of the plots and in the spring immediately before planting. It was found that the uniform pre-sowing application of shungite led to an increase in potato yield by 28-48% and contributed to a decrease in the proportion of rotten tubers. A greater effect is manifested from the application of pure shungite compared with shungite-dolomite, as well as from pre-sowing application compared with autumn one. With pre-sowing application, the effect of meliorants begins to manifest only after 1.5-2 months. In case of autumn application of meliorants, by the beginning of the sowing season, an increase in the pH level is observed when applying a shungite-dolomite mixture or an increase in the carbon content when applying pure shungite.
Formation of grass stands of variegated alfalfa (Medicago varia, M. media) on acidic sod-podzolic soils
Authors: Dikareva S.A. , Lazarev N.N. , Kurenkova E.M. , Shitikova A.V.
Published: November 2024

The article reports the results of field studies performed at the Field Experimental Station of Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2023-2024. The authors studied the effect of the growth regulator Albit, the microbiological fertilizer Sporion and the micronutrient Aquamix on the formation of grass stands of variegated alfalfa (the Agnia and Taisia varieties) and Hungarian sainfoin (the Pavlovsky variety). The study has found that on the acidic sod-podzolic soil with a pHКCl of 4.52, variegated alfalfa (the Agnia and Taisia varieties) inoculated with strains of nodule bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti, AK 55 and SHM 404B, respectively, formed dense grass stands. On average, over two years, variegated alfalfa of the Agnia variety provided the highest yield when using Sporion in combination with Aquamix – 5.2 t/ha; that of the Taisia variety – in variants of Albit + Aquamix and Sporion + Aquamix– 5.07 and 5.19 t/ha, respectively, which is 20.1%; 18.4, and 21.3% more compared to the control. Hungarian sainfoin has not formed a productive agrophytocenosis on the acidic soil. On average, it was inferior in yield to variegated alfalfa of the Agnia and Taisia varieties by 1.7 and 1.8 times, respectively, in all variants of the experiment.
Assessment of the Relationship Between Yield and Quality of Potato Tubers in the Conditions of the Middle Volga Region
Authors: Rozentsvet Olga , Bogdanova Elena , Bakunov Aleksey , Rubtsov Sergey , Lomakina Ekaterina
Published: November 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important and most popular agricultural crops in Russia. Breeding science creates many new varieties to increase the biological and economic potential of potato. One of the criteria for inclusion in practical breeding is high productivity combined with resistance. This approach is based on the study of phenotype under specific environmental conditions. The aim of the work is to evaluate the relationship between yield components and quality of potato tubers. The objects of study were 29 potato varieties of different ripeness groups and genetic origin: early, medium early and mid-season variety. Field research was carried out at the experimental plot of the Samara Scientific Re-search Agriculture Institute named after N.M. Tulajkov – branch of the Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS in 2022-2024. As a result of field experiments, higher yields of early variety, medium early variety and mid-season were established. The correlation coefficients between yield and tuber number and yield and tuber weight are r = 0.59 and r = 0.71 at p < 0.05, respectively. A positive correlation was established for yield and plant height (r = 0.29). A mean positive relationship linked starch content and tuber number (r = 0.39) but negative relationship was found for ascorbic acid content and tuber weight (r = 0.28). Thus, it is necessary to take into account the relationship of tuber biochemical composition with yield and growth parameters in breeding programmes.
Productivity of a collection Solanum tuberosum varieties in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals
Authors: Rodina Ekaterina S. , Reneva Mariya V. , Renev Nikolay O. , Timofeev Vyacheslav N.
Published: November 2024

Research to evaluate the collection of Solanum tuberosum varieties was carried out in the conditions of 2023, the Northern forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region. In the collection, 49 varieties of different ripeness groups were studied, the varieties are represented by different geographies of origin of Russian and foreign breeding centers. Potato varieties differ significantly from each other in phenological indicators; among the early varieties, upon the onset of full budding, the varieties Colombo, Lyubava, Isetsky, and Antonina stood out. In the mid-early group, the budding phase began 9-11 days earlier in the varieties Stepana, Svitanok Kyiv, Nevsky, Adretta, Ausonia, Belmando, Sineglazka, Arnika, and Lily. Among the mid-season varieties Otrada and Sokur, the budding phase began 8 days earlier than the standard (Tuleevsky variety). The onset of phenological phases with a delay in relation to the control in early-ripening varieties was 6-58%, in mid-early varieties 4.5-18%, and in mid-ripening varieties up to 10%. In terms of yield in the early ripening group, the varieties Labella (27.41 ‒ 37.49 t/ha) and Colombo (28.64 ‒ 38.60 t/ha) were higher than the standard variety Zhukovsky (26.74 ‒ 35.65 t/ha). In the mid-early period, the following varieties distinguished themselves in yield: Arnika (33.84 t/ha), Banba (30.07 t/ha), Adretta (29.19 t/ha), Sarma (29.02 t/ha). As a result, varieties were identified that showed an increase in yield in conditions of a year with a lack of moisture, exceeding the standard in the early-ripening group of 11% of varieties, and in the mid-early and mid-ripening groups of 44% of varieties.
Promising lines (Pisum sativum) of the chameleon morphotype in the Northern Trans-Urals
Authors: Yaroslavtsev Aleksei , Kolchina Lyubov , Aleksanina Tatyana , Babushkina Tatyana , Ismakova Gulsara , Timofeev Vyacheslav
Published: November 2024

The research was conducted at the Research Institute of Agriculture of the North-West, a branch of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in the Northern Forest-Steppe Zone of the Tyumen Region. The varieties of grain of the “chameleon” morphotype were evaluated according to productivity parameters. The study of breeding lines and varieties was carried out according to the type of competitive variety testing. Weather conditions during the research period varied significantly. The yield varied in the range of 2.4-5.5 t/ha, and on average over a number of years the yield was 4.06-4.16 t/ha. The yield exceeding the standard of the Sibirsky 1 variety was observed for 1 line out of 4 (TM06-457) by 2%. The seed productivity from an area of 1 m2 averaged 374‒431 g, with the standard being exceeded by the TM06‒257 and TM06‒457 lines. The varieties increased the vegetation period by 1.2‒1.8 days, lodging resistance increased by 0.4 points, the protein content was 19‒25%, with the standard being exceeded by 5.3‒5.9% for the studied lines, and the structural parameters of the plant were exceeded over the standard. Of the entire set of tested lines, the TM06-257 lines and the slightly inferior TM06-457 stood out for most of the plant structure parameters.
Comparative assessment of the genotypes of oats of domestic and foreign breeding to the toxic effect of aluminum ions
Authors: Akhtyamova Anastasia , Eremin Dmitry
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the research is to identify the genetic resistance to the toxic effects of aluminum ions in oat genotypes for the targeted selection of aluminum-resistant varieties. The work was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of genomic research in crop production of the Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, a branch of the Tyumen Scientific Research Center SB RAS in 2024. The research object were oat species: Avena sativa L., A. abyssinica L., A. strigosa L., A. byzantina L. The research is based on changes in the growth of plant roots during the phase of early ontogenesis (the first 7 days) under the action of aluminum ions. Aqueous solutions of aluminum sulfate were prepared at a concentration of 1.5; 3.0; 5.0 g/l with concomitant measurement of the acidity level (pH). Distilled water was used as a control. The most resistant to the toxic manifestation of aluminum ions at concentrations of 1.5 and 3.0 g/l in solution was the Tobolyak variety (k-15827), which belongs to the species Avena sativa L. The root length index was 57 and 20%, respectively (root length 89±1.8 and 32±0.9 mm). Aluminum-resistance in the variant with a maximum concentration (5.0 g/l) of Al3+ in solution is noted in oat genotypes Raduzhny (A. sativa L., k-15887) and Mestny (A. strigosa L., k-5200) root length index reached 10% relative to the control. The oat genotypes belonging to the species Avena abyssinica L. were unstable to the effects of aluminum ions. (Mestny k-4971 and k-5075). At an aluminum ion concentration of 3.0 g/l, the genotype of Avena byzantina L. (Haruabusa k-14873) was the least resistant to stress – the root length index was 11% relative to the control. The mathematical dependence of the root length of oat sprouts correlated (R2=1) with the concentration of Al3+ in solution was also determined, expressed by the following regression equation: y=5,32x2-48,4x+117,34 where y is the index of the root length of seven-day oat seedlings, mm; x is the concentration of aluminum ions, g/l.
Isolation and regeneration of cell suspension-derived Foeniculum vulgare protoplasts
Authors: Aljaramany Naseem , Monakhos Sokrat G.
Published: November 2024

Hybrid development incorporating lines with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has become an increasingly effecting technique for utilizing heterosis in vegetable crops. Currently, somatic hybridization has become prevalent in the Apiaceae family, which includes carrots, celery, and leeks. Therefore, as a first step, a simple and efficient protocol for isolating and regenerating protoplasts is established for the commercial fennel hybrid “Dragon” as a source of CMS that will be transferred later into carrot via protoplast fusion. To this end, cell suspensions from Dragon were initiated as a source for protoplast isolation.
The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth, development, and incidence of fungal diseases of black currant in conditions of the city of Moscow
Authors: Antonenko V.V. , Zubkov A.V. , Dovgilevich A.V.
Published: November 2024

Small-plot field experiments were laid on the territory of the Educational and Experimental Farm of the FSBEI HE RSAU-MAA named after K.A. Timiryazev on the territory of the city of Moscow. The following plant growth regulators were used in the experiments: Zavyaz, KRP (5.5 g/l gibberellic acid sodium salts); Obereg, R (0.15 g/l arachidonic acid), Zircon, R (0.1 g/l hydroxycinnamic acids), Epin-Extra, R (0.025 g/l 24-epibrassinolide). As part of the study, for two years, young blackcurrant plantings of three varieties with different maturation periods were treated with plant growth regulators. During the growing season, plant growth and development were recorded, the development of fungal diseases was recorded – powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and blister rust (Cronartium ribicola). Accounting for the yield of berries in various experiment options was carried out in comparison with the control version. The results of the study showed that the double use of growth regulators Zavyaz, KRP, Obereg, R, Zircon, R, and Epin-Extra, R positively influenced the formation of growth of black currant shoots and significantly reduced the development of fungal disease - powdery mildew on the leaves and berries of this crop.
Evaluation of flax varieties of the long-lived Tomsk breeding in the CRNZ
Authors: Simagin A.D. , Simagina A.S. , Barnashova E.K. , Vertikova E.A. , Pokrovskaya D.A.
Published: November 2024

In 2024, 6 varieties of the Tomsk school of breeding were tested at the RGAU MSHA field experimental station. the conditions of the year for the cultivation of flax proved to be optimal. Among all varieties, the Tomich variety was distinguished by the highest fiber yield (36.5%). In terms of seed productivity, the Tomsk 18 variety was the leader (82.5 pieces per plant), however, the same variety showed the lowest safety for harvesting (420 plants from 1 plot). The Krepkov Memory variety had the highest technical length (71.28 cm).
Growth reactions at the initial stages of the ontogenesis of white lupin with the use of growth-regulating compounds
Authors: Shitikova A.V. , Gataulina G.G. , Konstantinovich A.V.
Published: November 2024

The research was conducted in 2024 in a laboratory experiment at the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Moscow). When studying the effect of short peptides on the sowing qualities of white lupine seeds, a negative effect on the energy of seed germination was found. The lowest values of germination energy were observed when using dipeptide KE at concentrations of 1*10-9 g/l and 1*10-12 g/l and amounted to 28% and 16%, respectively. The germination of white lupine seeds was noted at the maximum level and amounted to 100% when using all the studied concentrations. As for the treatment of seeds with tetrapeptide AEDG, there was also a decrease in the values of the germination energy of white lupine seeds at the level of 52% and 38% for concentrations of 1*10 -6 g/l and 1*10 -15 g/l compared with the control variant. Germination significantly differed from the control variant only when using tetrapeptide ARG at a concentration of 1*10 -6 g/l and was 88%.
Antimicrobial activity of some fungal isolates from Red Sea in Egypt
Authors: Abdulbaqi Amal A. , Alshammari Amal Naif , Dahesh Salwa M. A.
Published: November 2024

The study investigates the antimicrobial efficiency of fungi from the Red Sea in El-Quseir and Sharm El-Sheikh districts. The fungi’s active metabolites were tested for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic germs. The fungi were grown on nutritional agar media and malt extract agar medium. The extracts of marine fungi were also investigated for their cell death potential, using lung carcinoma cells as a cell line. The results of our study demonstrated the strong antimicrobial activity of marine fungi towards both Gramme positive and Gramme negative microorganisms, particularly against Serratia marcenscens and Salmonella. The ethyl acetate extract from El-Quseir (a sand source) and Sharm El-Sheikh (a water source) demonstrated the highest inhibition zones, measuring 37 mm and 35 mm, respectively. The normal cell line (MRC-5) was subjected to cytotoxic effects that demonstrated antibacterial and anticancer properties, while also exerting non-significant toxicity on active concentrations. Comparing petroleum ether, chloroformic, and methanolic extracts to ethyl acetate extract, and our results showed that the latter had the lowest antibacterial activity. Against medically used lung cancer cell lines, marine fungi shown antitumor activity.
Cytogenetic effect of Tribulus terrestris fruit aqueous extract on Chromosome Aberrations and Mitotic Index in Sorafinib treated albino male rats
Authors: Ahmed Rahim Shaima , Shakir Al-Nahi Alaa
Published: November 2024

The study goal to explore the protective impact of Tribulus terrestris (Tt) aqueous extract against Sorafinib (Sor) cytotoxicity in adult male albino rats. Thrity-two rats were divided equally into eight groups and were treated orally as follows: the first control group, the 2nd group received Sorafinib, 3 rd group received Tribulus terrestris 300 with Sorafinib and 4th group received Tribulus terrestris 600 with Sorafinib group 5th received Sorafinib with Tribulus terrestris 300, group 6th received Sorafinib with Tribulus terrestris 600, group 7th received Tribulus terrestris 300 and group 8th received Tribulus terrestris 600. The dose of Tribulus terrestris was 300mg/ kg BW, 600mg/ kg BW for 4 weeks, while the dose of Sorafinib was 60 mg/ kg body weight for 3 weeks. Cytogenetic study showed significant decreasing (P<0.05) in mitotic index in Sor group and significant increasing (P<0.05) in Tribulus terrestris groups while chromosomal aberrations showed significantly increase (P<0.05) in Sorafinib group in comparison with the control group and significantly decrease (P<0.05) in Tribulus terrestris groups in comparison with the Sorafinib group. The present study demonstrated that Tribulus terrestris possesses potential cytoprotective effects against cytotoxicity caused by Sorafinib.
Dose Hypothyroidism Inhibit the Synthesis of Galectin-16? A New Trial to Find a Decisive Diagnostic Marker for Hypothyroidism
Authors: Mohammed Torki Wedyan , Hasan Jasim Rasha
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the levels of galectin-16 in serum samples from patients with thyroid disease (specifically hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) and healthy individuals as controls. Interestingly, galectin-16 was not detected in serum samples from patients with hypothyroidism. However, the study found that the protein was also present in samples from the other two groups. When comparing galectin 16 levels between hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patient groups and controls, a statistically significant difference was observed (p=0.000). Notably, galectin-16 levels were not statistically significant between hyperthyroid patients and control subjects (p = 0.689). The results also showed that galectin-16 levels were significantly elevated in male patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism compared with healthy males (p = 0.000). Similar results were observed when comparing female patients with healthy individuals. However, the study did not find any statistical differences between men and women in patients or controls. It is worth mentioning that galectin-16 has 100% sensitivity and specificity for hypothyroidism. Galectin-16 has a sensitivity of 13% and a specificity of 93.33% for detecting hyperthyroidism. From these findings it can be concluded that galectin-16 is an important diagnostic indicator of hypothyroidism, exceeding its effectiveness in distinguishing between normal and pathological conditions.
Evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel Plus for Detection of Viral, Bacterial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Lower Respiratory Tract Specimens at Al-Zahra Hospital for Pediatrics in Najaf, Iraq
Authors: Qasim Salih Mahdi Mohammed , Salim Saaid Tuwaij Nabil , Abdul Hussein Mejbel Fatima
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Panel (BFPP) in rapidly diagnosing pathogens and detecting antimicrobial resistance genes in pediatric respiratory specimens, with an aim to enhance clinical decision-making in a pediatric hospital in Najaf, Iraq. For a period from 24/11/2022 to 22/5/2023, 36 specimens from pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infection of males and females of different ages less than six years were collected. All specimens met the inclusion criteria, where Procalcitonin (PCT) levels above 0.5 ng/ml and negative blood cultures. The most prevalent pathogen detected were Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex in 63.89% of samples. Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected in 44.44% and 41.67% of specimens, respectively. Less frequent were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli at 19.44%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 16.67%, Haemophilus influenzae at 11.11%, and Moraxella catarrhalis and Serratia marcescens each at 5.56%. Adenovirus was the most frequently detected virus, in 33.33% of the total samples. Other viruses detected include Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus 19.44%, Respiratory Syncytial Virus 16.66%, Parainfluenza 11.11%, Human Metapneumovirus and Influenza B account for 5.55% while Corona virus not detected at all specimens. VIM gene was found in 63.89% of specimens, underscoring extensive carbapenem resistance, while other resistance genes appeared sporadically like mecA/C in 13.88%, IMP in 5.55% and KPC in 2.77 while OXA-48 like not detected at all.
Exploring the Role of IL-2 and IL-17 Levels in Patients infected with Varicella-Zoster Virus in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf City
Authors: Naji Hamza Dheyaa , Nima Mezher Musa
Published: November 2024

About 60 samples were collected from patients with varicella zoster, including 24 males and 36 females, as well as from healthy people, which included 29 samples (15 males and 14 females), aged between 15 and 60 years. Data were collected between November 2022 and July 2023. VZV patients were selected from Sadr Medical City and private laboratories. The research used ELISA technology to measure the immune biomarkers IL2 and IL17 pg/ml in the serum of patients and healthy controls. The majority of patients fell within the age groups of 26–34 years and 36–45 years, constituting approximately 25%, with a mean and standard deviation of 37.17 ± 12.38. Conversely, the control group mostly belonged to the age group of 25 years and above, representing about 34.48%, with a mean and standard deviation of 26.86 ± 4.74. The results revealed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in IL2 and IL17 levels in the varicella zoster virus (VZV) patient group compared to the control group. Importantly, no significant differences were observed between male and female VZV patients. A strong positive correlation was found between IL-17 and IL-2 levels, with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.768.
Knockdown of MUC1 by RNA Interference (siRNA) Influenced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR2) and Suppression of Growth of Pancreatic Cancer Cells (PANC1)
Authors: Mohammed Taher Murtadha , Razzaq Hussein Ali
Published: November 2024

MUC1 is overexpressed approximately in most of pancreatic adenocarcinomas and has been revealed to be linked with a worse prognosis, beside effectiveness, MUC1 hold for regulating cellular and developmental pathways. The objective of the current study is to downregulate the overexpression of MUC1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on PANC1 and to investigate its effect on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR-2) expression. Besides MUC1, the expression levels of VEGFR2 were investigated in PANC1. Then the expression level of MUC1 was downregulated by using MUC1 specific siRNA approach to identify whether MUC1 is involved in the regulation of VEGFR-2 mRNA and protein, which were determined by QRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Interestingly, siRNA is considered an emerging approach in cancer cell therapy. Furthermore, the impact of MUC1 silencing in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines was investigated. Transwell and Matrigel assays were performed to study the functional significance of MUC1 activity on cell migration and invasion, respectively. The present study indicates that targeting MUC1 by siRNA in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells is associated with silencing of VEGFR-2 expression in both mRNA and protein levels, demonstrating that MUC1 regulates the main driver of angiogenesis and metastasis. The current study showed that targeting MUC1 with siRNA decreases pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, by significantly decreasing the expression of the potent angiogenic receptor VEGFR-2. Therefore, targeting MUC1 with siRNA can be exploited as a therapeutic option for pancreatic cancer treatment.
Production, Purification and Characterization of Levan Isolated from Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Al Shammari Ohood Salman Jawad , Hassan Baydaa A.
Published: November 2024

Levan is one of the most significant microbial exopolysaccharides, and has long been subject of interest of many researchers due to its versatile use, it has been made for high value medical applications. As an exopolysaccharide (EPS), its produced by a great variety of microorganisms and a small number of plant species. As a result, the current study was designed to produce of levan from local Bacillus subtilis isolates, purification and characterization of Levan by using HPLC technique and FTIR spectroscopy. A total 8 isolates of B. subtilis were obtained from Al-Amin center in Al-Najaf city, as a local levan producing isolates isolated from soil, which were detected by vitek2 system, hi this study: only 3 isolates were characterized by their high viscosity similar to the glue around their colonies on the medium of mineral salts agar modified by 20% sucrose within 48h of the incubation period. All isolates were subjected to secondary screening to select the most efficient and most productive of levan on mineral salts broth medium modified by sucrose 20%. Under optimum fermentation conditions, our results showed the local(B. subtilis-3)isolate was superior in the amount of levan produced reached (6.5g/L)using a modified MSB medium of 20% sucrose in 48h, an inoculum volume of 1×108 cell/ml at 2% in 35°C, pH=7.0 and 150rpm, followed by(B. subtilis-1 and B. subtilis-2)isolates. were less productive of levan (5.3 and 4.2g/L)respectively. The levan produced from local isolate Bacillus subtilits was identified after extracting and purifying it to confirm it belongs using HPLC and FTIR.
Silymarin attenuates Oxidative stress and Nephrotoxicity induced by 5-Fluorouracil in rats
Authors: AL Hasnawi Mohammed Basim , Alnahi Alaa
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to appraise attenuator effect of the Silymarin (SLY) on Oxidative stress and Nephrotoxicity in 5- Fluorouracil treated rats. The study including 60 male rats weighting (180- 200 g) divided into 6 groups including group F (control) receive 0.5 ml normal saline and group A ( 5-Flu 5 mg /kg), group B (5-Flu 5mg /kg + SLY 3mg /kg), group C (SLY 3mg /kg) for 3o days, group D (SLY 3mg /kg for 15 days after that 5-Flu 5mg /kg for 15 days), group E (5-Flu 5mg /kg for 15 days after that SLY 3mg /kg for 15 days), after animals autopsied, the kidney samples obtained for histological examination and serum collected and stored at – 43 ℃ for biochemical tests. GSH test show no significant difference between group 5-Flu treated rats and control group, while groups treated SLY+5-Flu and SLY only showed a marked increase compared to control at (P≤ 0.05). Also the MDA test show groups treated with 5-Flu and 5-Flu +SLY significantly increase compared to control, while group treated with SLY show no significant difference compared to control at (P≤ 0.05). The histological examination show the acute tubular necrosis damage percentage elevated compared to control in group treated 5-Flu only, while groups treated with SLY+5-Flu and SLY showed improvement in damage percentage at (P≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the Silymarin may provide attenuator role against Oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity induced by 5-Flu drug in the groups that underwent different treatment periods.
The role of Leptin (hormone adipocytes) and its effect on Osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Kamel Mohammed Haider , Salih Jaffat Haider
Published: November 2024

Leptin has been recognized as a critical factor in regulating energy expenditure and bone cell function. The role of Leptin in regulating osteocyte function within the adipocyte population has been widely recognized. Leptin stimulates bone cell proliferation and plays a role in developing many skeletal disorders, regulatory mechanisms and mode of action of Leptin. This suggests that levels of Leptin are linked to obesity (BMI). The primary aim of this study was to examine the potential relationship between circulating leptin levels and BMI, as well as specific indices such as t-score and biomarkers in postmenopausal women. Blood samples were collected from (90) postmenopausal women, (35) who were diagnosed with Osteoporosis, (25) samples who were diagnosed with Osteopenia, and (30) samples as a control group. Patients were diagnosed as osteoporotic and controls as usual by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The results of bone turnover markers, which included Leptin hormone in the sera of Osteoporotic patients, was 211.30± 65.24 (pg/mL) less than it was in the sera of control women mean of 283.20 ±106.15 (pg/mL), indicating a significant increase for the comparison is 0.002. The study showed that low levels of Leptin lead to low bone density, which leads to Osteoporosis.
The role of sclerostin (bone proteins) and its effect on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Kamel Mohammed Haider , Salih Jaffat Haider
Published: November 2024

Sclerostin is a substance that inhibits the Wnt-signaling pathway, which has a detrimental effect on the bone growth process. This suggests that higher levels of selerostin may be linked to increased obesity (BMI). The primary aim of.this study was to examine the potential relationship between circulating sclerostin levels and BMI, as well as specific indices such as t-score, ESR, and biomarkers, in postmenopausal women. An investigation was performed to analyze the links between selerostin and factors such as age, gender, and composition parameters. Blood samples were collected from (90) postmenopausal women, (35) who were diagnosed with Osteoporosis, (25) samples who were diagnosed with Osteopenia, and (30) samples as a control group. Patients were diagnosed as osteoporotic and controls as usual by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The results of bone turnover markers, which included SOST, showed that Osteoporotic postmenopausal have a highly significant increase (p<0.05) in means SOST (pmol/L) of 40.60±14.60, as compared with 9.52 ± 5.51 in the control group with a p-value 0.001.
Complications of Renal Failure and Toxoplasma gondii Infection on Some Biochemical Parameters of a Patient with COVID-19
Authors: Jabbar Mushattat Sukayna , Ali Faieq Zahraa , Radhi AbdulHussein Jabbar Amer , Majid Almusawi Malak , Abadi Mohammed Jabbar
Published: November 2024

This study was designed for infection with T. gondii by using specific IgG and IgM by VIDAS technique to indicate T. gondii. The experiment was distributed into three groups: (A) (N=30) kidney failure patients group, (B) (N=30) patients with kidney failure patients and COV-19, (C) (N=30) patients with covid- 19 + kidney failure and T.gondii infected. The criteria were studied Blood Urea (B.U.) mg\dl, Serum Creatinine (S.Cr.) mg\dl, Albumin serum (ALB) mg\dl, Total serum protein (T.S.P) and phosphate test (PO4) mg\dl. The examination of the parameters mentioned above was performed using a spectrophotometer device by wavelength 490-540 nm. It was seen that the amounts of creatinine, PO4, and blood urea were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in COVID-19-infected patients with renal failure than in the control group of patients with renal failure. However, it was noted that patients with COVID-19 and kidney failure, as well as T. gondii infection, demonstrated a return to normal blood urea levels. Creatinine and phosphorous oxyhydroxide levels were not different between those with COVID-19 + renal failure and those with T.gondii infection (P > 0.05).
Molecular study of antibiotic resistance gene among nitrofurantoin-resistant gram-negative bacteria isolates from pregnant women
Authors: Sabah Mahdi Al-Sallami Zuhair , Salim Saaid Tuwaij Nabil
Published: November 2024

In pregnancy, urinary tract infection (UTIs) is a significant risk factor for morbidity, and nitrofurantoin is a common UTI therapy. The goal was to identify gram-negative UTI isolates and detect antibiotic resistance genes. The research involved 350 pregnant women hospitalised to Al-Zahraa teaching hospital for children’s health and maternity between September and December 2024. Out of 250 pregnant patients, 200 (57.14%) urine samples were bacterial-free, whereas 150 (42.86%) were positive for gram-negative bacteria. The findings showed that 105 isolates (70%) were Escherichia coli, 33 (22%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae, 8 (5.3%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 (2%) were Proteus mirabilis, and 1 (0.7%) were Acinetobacter baumannii. The disc diffusion Kirby-Bauer method determined 150 (100%) gramme negative bacteria’s nitrofurantoin sensitivity. 33 (22%) isolates were antibiotic-resistant, 16 (10.66%) intermediate, and 101 (67.33%) susceptible. PCR analysis showed that all 33 out of 33 (100%) gram negative isolates had Ribe, and AcrAB genes. Additionally, a significant prevalence of nfsA-2 genes was discovered in 32 out of 33 isolates (96.96%) the nfsA-1 gene in 78.78% (26/33) of the isolates. The NfsB gene was detected in 30 out of 33 (90.90%) distinct isolates of nitrofurantoin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. The Nucleic acid and amino acid sequence study of NfsA and Ribe genes in some local isolates of K. pneumoniae reveals variations in sequence when compared to other global strains with the same genes.
The Effect of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis on Levels Antioxidant in Adult Men: A Meta-Analysis of Case-control Studies
Authors: Khudhair Al-hadrawi Kais , Talib ALGarawy Raid , Khalid ALdhalimi Hanan
Published: November 2024

Globally, adult males are frequently affected with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP), a prevalent urological illness. It is believed that the inflammatory reaction linked to CBP causes oxidative stress, which may change the impacted people's levels of enzyme antioxidants the Effect of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis on Levels Enzymatic Antioxidant. From October - 2022 to August - 2023, examined 270 clinical samples from subjects males (adults). Two groups were divided: the first group consisted of 180 male patients. In contrast, the second group consisted of 90 healthy males (adults). Blood samples of (3-5) ml were collected from all participants and the levels of zinc, selenium, glutathione peroxidase GPx, superoxide dismutase SOD, and catalase CAT were measured. The results showed that the levels of zinc, selenium, GPx, SOD, and CAT in men with chronic bacterial prostatitis were significantly lower than those in the control group of patients who were visited after ethical treatment at AL-Sader Medical City in Najaf Governorate. Aspects approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Iraqi Ministry of Health. The aim of this meta-analysis is to statistically evaluate and in-depth examine the case-control studies conducted so far regarding the effects of CBP on the levels of enzymatic antioxidants in adult men.
Nickel ion adsorption from water by Nano Fe2O3/PP prepared from pomegranate peel residue and treated magnetically
Authors: Mohammed Aliwi Heba , Hazim Halboos Mohanad
Published: November 2024

In this study, biochar produced from pomegranate peels and treated by magnetization was prepared in the treatment of water contaminated with nickel ions. The percentage of nickel removal at a weight of (0.025) mg/L of magnetized biochar was (98.761%) at a concentration of (15 ppm), and the percentage of nickel removal under the influence of the acid function was (99.188%) where pH=3 at the same weight and concentration, while the percentage of nickel removal at the shaking time was (99.402%) at a shaking time of 15 minutes and a weight of 0.025 mg/L and a concentration of 15 ppm. As for the impact of temperature on the adsorption process, we find that the amount of adsorption of nickel ions increases with increasing temperature. This indicates that the adsorption process is an endothermic process. This means that the value of ΔH is a positive value. This indicates the presence of an absorption and adsorption process at the same time, weight, concentration, pH value 3, and temperature 328 is (99.615%). From the results, we find that the amount of adsorbed material increases as the weight of the adsorption material Nano Fe2O3/PP decreases. This is due to the increase in the surface area of the material, as the nickel ion is linked to the active sites by electrostatic forces.
Architecture of effectiveness of use of assets of an agricultural organization of fishery complex
Authors: Lysenko Yu.V. , Korneev D. N. , Korneeva N. Y. , Lysenko M.V. , Butko G. P. , Filipsonova E. N.
Published: November 2024

This article outlines the economic essence of current assets, reveals their concept, examines the sources of formation and indicators characterizing the efficiency of using the assets of a business entity. Effective use of current assets in the fishery complex is a key factor for the successful sale and production of agricultural products. The optimal distribution and size of current assets play an important role in ensuring a continuous circulation process. The organizational and economic characteristics of an agricultural organization engaged in agriculture allow us to more deeply study the structure and dynamics of its assets, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of their use. To increase the rationality of the sale of current assets, it is proposed to develop recommendations that will help optimize their use. Suggested recommendations may include improving inventory management, optimizing the procurement and sales process, and the use of financial resources. Working capital of the fishery complex is the most liquid assets, which participate in the production cycle only once and are immediately taken into account in the cost price. This means that the effective use of working capital directly affects the financial results of the organization of agriculture and the fishery complex. Proper management of these assets can reduce costs, increase profitability and ensure sustainable development of the fisheries sector.
Government support measures as a factor in managing the digitalization of small and medium-sized enterprises in agriculture
Authors: Sheina Ekaterina , Skvortsov Egor , Lylov Anton , Pryadilina Natalya
Published: November 2024

The targeting and timeliness of financial and non-financial measures of state support for small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of agriculture within the framework of ongoing state support for entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation are currently crucial not only for a specific industry, but also for the national economy of the country as a whole, as they minimize the risks associated with the specifics of the activities of these enterprises, and make it possible to redistribute the resources released as a result of the support received to enhance the digitalization of business processes. The authors investigated the results of providing financial and non–financial support to SMEs in the Sverdlovsk region, including in the field of agriculture, received from the regional Development Institute of the Sverdlovsk region for the period from 2021 to 2023. The conclusions obtained by the authors showed the need to strengthen measures to support small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of agriculture by the state through regional development institutions, which will ensure the growth and scaling of their business and allow for a more comprehensive implementation of digitalization processes in business planning and operational management of enterprises.
Ecosystem approach to agricultural industry: Integration of participants and optimization of production
Authors: Magomadova M.M.
Published: November 2024

The integration of ecosystem business into the development of the agro-industrial complex of the digital economy represents an important stage in improving the production and economic efficiency of agriculture. The development of digital technologies in agriculture, such as agricultural drones, artificial intelligence systems and the Internet of things, opens up new opportunities for optimizing production processes, managing resources and improving product quality. An ecosystem approach to business in agriculture allows us to unite various participants in the agro- industrial complex - from farmers and equipment manufacturers to scientific institutions and financial organizations - into a single network that facilitates the exchange of information, optimization of production and the creation of innovation. This helps to increase the efficiency of resource use, reduce costs and improve the competitiveness of the entire agricultural sector. A key element of successful implementation of the ecosystem approach is the development of digital infrastructure in rural areas, including access to broadband Internet and digital educational resources. This will enable rural residents to have access to modern technology, training and information, thereby improving their productivity and quality of life.
Construction of smart actuators brakes for smart city using geoinformation technologies
Authors: Saparova Ulbosin , Iniyatova Klara , Toqsanbaev Qabilbay , Joldasova Kundizay
Published: November 2024

Actuator manufacturers are presently developing cutting-edge technologies, such as GIS technologies, that fulfill the necessary standards for performance, weight, and power consumption. Historically, manufacturers have selected actuators based on their ability to manipulate and regulate loads. This conceals the dynamic components of certain action solutions. Metrics of significant importance include the duration required to generate this mechanical energy and the amount of work the mechanism performs per unit mass. We utilized these values to establish a selection methodology. Considering the limitations in time and energy, it prioritizes actuators that are the most efficient in terms of weight. The concept of morphing for rotor blades was enhanced by integrating Gurney flap technology. Three control strategies were assessed, and simulations were conducted to test the amount of physical effort needed. Piezoelectric stack actuators are the most efficient method for actively controlling the rotor blade. The inherent universality of the process enables its utilization across a broad spectrum of applications.
Digital tools for HR management in agriculture: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Mambetova Fatimat , Fursov Viktor , Sulumov Salambek
Published: November 2024

The article examines the main trends in the use of information and communication technologies in the context of managing the human resources of agricultural enterprises. It has been established that the innovative development of the country's agro-industrial complex depends on the speed of updating technical, technological and information knowledge, as well as the level of development of the dynamic abilities of specialists and workers in the agricultural sector. Information technologies used in agricultural production in the process of labor resource management, marketing activities, and production are considered. The need to conduct systematic research on the development of digital transformation of agricultural enterprises with an economic justification for the feasibility of introducing digitalization in HR management is pointed out. It is concluded that information support for managing the human resources potential of agro-industrial enterprises should be based on the latest knowledge and implemented in business and HR management processes.
Digital platforms for monitoring and managing environmental risks in industry
Authors: Sinitsin Alexey , Babich Anatoly , Saralinova Dzhamila
Published: November 2024

This research article provides an overview of digital platforms developed for monitoring and managing environmental risks in industry. These platforms use advanced technologies to collect, analyze and interpret data, providing information about potential hazards. By leveraging real- time information from a variety of sources such as sensors and drones, these platforms enable proactive risk management strategies. Moreover, they promote communication and collaboration between stakeholders, promoting an integrated approach to environmental risk management. With their ability to optimize processes and resources, these digital platforms represent a transformational tool that can improve efficiency and sustainability in industrial operations.
Funding projects for sustainable agriculture and resource-efficient practices
Authors: Suleymanov Magomed , Aslakhanova Seda , Mezentseva Elena
Published: November 2024

The funding of projects for sustainable agriculture and resource-efficient practices is essential for addressing environmental concerns, enhancing productivity, and ensuring long-term food security. This abstract outlines the importance of such funding initiatives, highlighting their potential impact on agricultural sustainability and resource management. Investing in sustainable agriculture projects promotes the adoption of practices that minimize environmental impact, such as precision farming, organic farming, and agroforestry. These practices contribute to soil health, biodiversity conservation, and water resource management while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and chemical inputs.
Green investments in agriculture: Modernization and sustainable development of the agricultural complex
Authors: Abdulkerimov Ismail , Ramazanova Aida , Saralinova Jamilya
Published: November 2024

Currently, green investments in various areas of human activity are understood as a set of current trends in modern Russia and world practice, associated both with the need to introduce the environmental agenda into business processes, and with the emergence and active development of new financial instruments that help in the implementation of ESG- strategies of global companies. At the present stage, “green” investments are a set of financial instruments based on private and public investments aimed at financing “green” projects. The purpose of this study is to examine modern approaches to green investment in the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation. The study also summarizes the results achieved in various countries in terms of investing in new mechanisms for environmentally sustainable development. A calculated forecast model was obtained, taking into account possible risks, characterizing the expansion of the scope of environmental policy in the country. Based on the study, conclusions were drawn about the need to improve the market for “green” securities and long-term lending.
Investments in the efficient use of land resources and rational land use in agriculture
Authors: Balamirzoev Nazim , Isaeva Shamsiyat , Yangulbaeva Luiza
Published: November 2024

With a growing global population and climate change, efficient use of land resources is becoming key to ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural development. Some researchers believe that investments in agriculture and land management can lead to increased productivity, lower costs, and increased profitability for farmers and other agricultural sector participants. Sustainable land management helps conserve biodiversity, restore soil fertility and reduce the negative impact of agriculture on the natural environment, while investment in agriculture can help reduce poverty and improve the livelihoods of rural communities through job creation, increased income and access to food. The relevance of the research is that we are exploring the possibilities of using and implementing new technologies and innovations in agriculture, such as the use of digital technologies, smart land management systems and the use of biotechnologies to improve the efficiency of the agro-industrial sector.