bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear all-optical modulator based on non-Hermitian PT symmetry
Authors: Ma Hongbin , Li Dongdong , Wu Nanxuan , Zhang Yiyun , Chen Hongsheng , Qian Haoliang
Published: February 2022

All-optical modulators with ultrahigh speed are in high demand due to the rapid development of optical interconnection and computation. However, due to weak photon–photon interaction, the advancement of all-optical modulators is consequently hampered by the large footprint and high power consumption. In this work, the enhanced sensitivity around an exceptional point (EP) from parity-time (PT) symmetry theory is initiatively introduced into a nonlinear all-optical modulator design. Further, a non-Hermitian all-optical modulator based on PT symmetry is proposed, which utilizes the large Kerr nonlinearity from indium tin oxide (ITO) in its epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) region. The whole system is expected to operate around EP, giving rise to the advantages of nanoscale integration and large modulation depth. This presented modulator with high efficiency and high-speed all-optical control can be commendably extended to the design methodology of various nanostructures and further prompt the development of all-optical signal processing.
Coexisting valley and pseudo-spin topological edge states in photonic topological insulators made of distorted Kekulé lattices
Authors: Wei Guochao , Liu Zhenzhen , Wang Licheng , Song Jianyuan , Xiao Jun-Jun
Published: February 2022

Photonic topological insulators protected by the lattice spatial symmetry (e.g., inversion and rotation symmetry) mainly support single type edge state, interpreted by either valley or pseudo-spin. Here, we demonstrate theoretically, numerically, and experimentally that a type of judiciously designed two-dimensional Kekulé photonic crystal with time reversal symmetry can possess topological valley and pseudo-spin edge states in different frequency bands. Topologically robust transportation of both the valley and pseudo-spin edge states was confirmed by measuring the transmission of straight and z-shaped interface supported edge mode and comparing with bulk modes in the microwave frequency regime. In addition, we show that due to the distinct topological origins, valley and pseudo-spin edge states can be distinguished by examining their end-scattering into the free space. Our system provides an alternative way in manipulating electromagnetic waves with additional degree-of-freedom, which has potential applications for robust and high-capacity waveguiding and multi-mode dividing.
Rationales and functions of disliked music: An in-depth interview study
Authors: Ackermann Taren-Ida , Merrill Julia
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives

With a few exceptions, musical taste has been researched via likes or preferences of certain types of music. The present study focuses on disliked music and takes a broad approach to cover explanatory strategies related to personal dislikes.

Methods

In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 participants in five age groups. Interviewees were asked to prepare a list of their disliked music, and for each item they were asked about the reasons for the dislike. To ensure that the complexity and range of the participants’ dislikes and rationales were captured in the analysis, a structuring content analysis as a mostly theory-driven approach was combined with inductive category creation out of the interview data.

Results

The most often mentioned type of dislike was musical style, followed by artist and genre. Five main reference points were identified for describing musical dislikes: the music itself, lyrics, performance, artist, and the people who listen to it. The identified rationales for disliked music were assigned to three larger categories: object-related reasons, such as music-compositional aspects, aesthetic dichotomies or lyrics; subject-related reasons, such as emotional or bodily effects, or discrepancies with the self-image; social reasons, which refer to one’s social environment and the taste judgments common to it (in-group) or to other groups of which the participants do not feel part of (out-group). Apart from the rationales for disliked music, the participants described specific reactions when they are confronted with their disliked music, such as emotional, physical, and social reactions.

Conclusions

While musical dislikes have already been shown to fulfill important social functions, the current study extends the rationales to music-related and self-related reasons. Musical dislikes fulfill similar functions to liked music, such as preservation of a good mood, identity expression and construction, strengthening of group cohesion as well as social distinction.
Linking stormwater control performance to stream ecosystem outcomes: Incorporating a performance metric into effective imperviousness
Authors: Walsh Christopher J. , Burns Matthew J. , Fletcher Tim D. , Bos Darren G. , Poelsma Peter , Kunapo Joshphar , Imberger Moss
Published: February 2022

Stormwater control measures, such as raingardens, tanks, or wetlands, are often employed to mitigate the deleterious effects of urban stormwater drainage on stream ecosystems. However, performance metrics for control measures, most commonly pollutant-load reduction, have not permitted prediction of how they will change stream ecosystems downstream. Stream ecosystem responses have more commonly been predicted by catchment-scale measures such as effective imperviousness (percentage of catchment with impervious cover draining to sealed drains). We adapt effective imperviousness, weighting it by a performance metric for stormwater control measures aimed at stream protection, the stream stormwater impact metric. Weighted effective imperviousness can serve as a predictor of stream response to stormwater control. We demonstrate its application in a before-after-control-reference-impact experiment aiming to test if stream health is improved by dispersed stormwater control measures. Trends in weighted effective imperviousness showed wide variation in degree of stormwater control achieved in the six experimental sub-catchments, despite similar effort in implementing control measures across the sub-catchments. Greater reductions in weighted effective imperviousness (on a log-scale, on which stream response is predicted) per unit effort were observed in smaller catchments with lower starting effective imperviousness. While implementation of control measures was sufficient to expect a stream response in at least two of the experimental sub-catchments, we did not achieve the reduction in effective imperviousness that we were aiming for. Primary limitations to success were the lack of available space in these established suburbs, particularly for final control measures near pipe outlets into streams, and a lack of demand for harvested stormwater. The use of the continuous variable, weighted effective imperviousness, to measure impact on streams, and the protracted period of SCM implementation that varied among catchments, required a new approach to modelling “before-after-control-impact” experiments, which has potentially broader application.
Operationalizing a routine wastewater monitoring laboratory for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kantor Rose S. , Greenwald Hannah D. , Kennedy Lauren C. , Hinkle Adrian , Harris-Lovett Sasha , Metzger Matthew , Thornton Melissa M. , Paluba Justin M. , Nelson Kara L.
Published: February 2022

Wastewater-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 is a novel tool for public health monitoring, but additional laboratory capacity is needed to provide routine monitoring at all locations where it has the potential to be useful. Few standardization practices for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater analysis currently exist, and quality assurance/quality control procedures may vary across laboratories. Alongside counterparts at many academic institutions, we built out a laboratory for routine monitoring of wastewater at the University of California, Berkeley. Here, we detail our group’s establishment of a wastewater testing laboratory including standard operating procedures, laboratory buildout and workflow, and a quality assurance plan. We present a complete data analysis pipeline and quality scoring framework and discuss the data reporting process. We hope that this information will aid others at research institutions, public health departments, and wastewater agencies in developing programs to support wastewater monitoring for public health decision-making.
A model-based prediction and analysis of seasonal and tidal influence on pollutants distribution from city outfalls of river Ganges in West Bengal, India and its mapping using GIS tool
Authors: Kar Sayanti , Ghosh Indrajit , Chowdhury Pampiya , Ghosh Amitava , Aitch Pritam , Bhandari Gupinath , RoyChowdhury Abhishek
Published: February 2022

River Ganges (locally called as river Ganga) is one of the most scared rivers in India. The river is symbol of hope, faith and is worshipped for its wholesomeness due to its purity and sanctity. Pollution of river water due to anthropogenic activity is a very common issue worldwide. Similarly, river Ganga pollution in India throughout its entire courses, is a major concern due to city outfalls. This river, also named as river Hooghly in West Bengal, India, is exposed to outfalls carrying domestic wastewater of its both bank and their distribution in river Ganga is strongly influenced by season and tide. This study aimed to generate an idea of distance and direction wise changes of concentration of pollutants in wastewater in river Ganga. During 2014, the selection of five major outfalls was done by considering Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), heavy metals, total fecal coliform level, and the study continued for next four consecutive years to find out the influence of tide and season. Geographical Information System (GIS) based maps provided a better reflection of these changes. Student’s t-test highlighted the significant changes in concentration of parameters season wise. A significant higher value of DO, BOD, nitrate nitrogen, and chloride were found in pre-monsoon season compared to monsoon season. Regression Equation generated for highly correlated parameters (coliform and heavy metals) helped to predict the level of one parameter with others. The zone of influence of BOD, DO, phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen from each of the five selected outfalls was very prominent. Acoustic Doppler current profiler at two of the five outfalls helped to estimate strip-wise depth average discharge which helped to estimate the value of water quality parameters by Plug Flow Model during high tide and low tide. A strong tidal variation was observed during low tide. This study helped to predict the influential zone from outfalls which will help to generate an alternative solution of river water use. This approach can be applied globally to prepare river water usage guidelines.
Ser Clássico no Brasil: Apropriações Literárias no Modernismo e Pós
Authors: Barbosa Tereza Virgínia Ribeiro , Avellar Júlia Batista Castilho de , Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares da
Published: February 2022

Este livro é uma amostra da recepção da tradição clássica em algumas das obras mais renomadas da literatura brasileira. Ele propõe reflexões sobre como os autores brasileiros releram e re-escreveram a cultura clássica, mas de forma significativa para seu próprio contexto cultural. Evitando as armadilhas de interpretações e comparações etnocêntricas, sugere-se aqui que a sobrevivência da tradição clássica na literatura brasileira ocorre por meio do diálogo entre a reiteração da identidade e a inauguração de diferenças fundamentais. Assim, este livro objetiva apresentar alguns importantes exemplos da riqueza da literatura brasileira: obras inovadoras no uso dos elementos clássicos, a ponto de criar seu próprio universo. Com isso, pretende-se indicar as potencialidades de obras ainda pouco conhecidas e pouco estudadas mundialmente, a fim de oferecer ao público
a possibilidade de ter contato com alguns dos mais importantes e influentes autores da literatura brasileira e, ao mesmo tempo, fornecer comentários e interpretações acerca dos temas principais de suas obras e de como eles exploram as obras clássicas em suas criações. Sob esse aspecto, este volume também investiga como a recepção brasileira dos clássicos se diferencia
e se particulariza em relação à recepção europeia.
(Ab)use of Social Capital: An Indelible Negative Impression on Nigerian Socio-Political and Institutional Outfits
Authors: Okafor Samuel , Idoko Cordelia O. , Obidiebube Jennifer E. , Ume Rita C.
Published: February 2022

Social capital in sociology, economics, psychology and allied disciplines had been explored mostly, in the direction of its positive utility values in the society. However, the phenomenon has more negative impacts on the public institutions of the developing nations, especially with regard to the roles of these institutions to the sustainable development agenda. While bureaucracy especially its impersonal principle has helped the developed nations to control the vulnerability of public institutions to social capital, inability of the developing nations to objectively follow bureaucratic principle has made their public institutions vulnerable to the abuse of social capital driven by ethnic/religious affiliations. Hence, this adverse social capital scenario, has generated a public service environment, where people are employed or appointed based on their proximity to powerful ethnic and religious groups. By extension, this has had far-reaching negative consequences on the development and sustainability in these nations as mediocre manpower continues to undermine efficiency and promote the culture of perpetual underdevelopment. In this paper, we expanded on the above notion using available secondary data in Nigeria and linking the dominant notions of social capital to bridge the gap in literature on social capital and public institutions in Nigeria.
A mesterséges intelligencia munkaerő-piaci hatásai Hogyan készüljünk fel?
Authors: Boncz Bettina , Szabó Roland Zs.
Published: February 2022

A mesterséges intelligencia (MI) jelentősen átalakítja a munkaerőpiacot, mely szinte észrevétlenül zajlik napjainkban. Az üzleti tanácsadó cégek és a technológiai cégek együttesen ösztönzik az MI-megoldások terjedését, azok vitathatatlan előnyeire hivatkozva. Azonban magával az MI fogalmával kevesen vannak tisztában. Továbbá a munkaerő-piaci hatások sem egyértelműek. Ezért a szerzők szisztematikus szakirodalmi áttekintésük során e kutatási rés betöltésére, és további kutatások megalapozására törekedtek. Eredményeik részletesen bemutatják a technológiai munkanélküliség (f)okozóit, illetve azokat a mechanizmusokat, amelyek azt önműködő módon, vagy éppen tudatos beavatkozással ellensúlyozhatják. Elengedhetetlen az MI hatásaira mind egyéni, mind vállalati, mind kormányzati szinten már most felkészülni, ebben segít a jelen cikk.
Detection of Early-Stage Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma from blood samples: Results of a multiplex biomarker signature validation study
Authors: Brand Randall E. , Persson Jan , Bratlie Svein Olav , Chung Daniel C. , Katona Bryson W. , Carrato Alfredo , Castillo Marién , Earl Julie , Kokkola Arto , Lucas Aimee L. , Moser A. James , DeCicco Corinne , Mellby Linda Dexlin , King Thomas C.
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The IMMray PanCan-d test combines an 8-plex biomarker signature with CA19-9 in a proprietary algorithm to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in serum samples. This study aimed to validate the clinical performance of the IMMray PanCan-d test and to better understand test performance in Lewis null (le/le) individuals who cannot express CA19-9.

Methods

Serum samples from 586 individuals were analyzed with the IMMray PanCan-d biomarker signature and CA19-9 assay, including 167 PDAC samples, 203 individuals at high-risk for familial/hereditary PDAC and 221 healthy controls. Samples were collected at eleven sites in the U.S. and Europe. The study was performed by Immunovia, Inc. (Marlborough, MA) and sample identity was blinded throughout the study. Test results were automatically generated, using validated custom software with a locked algorithm and predefined decision value cutoffs for sample classification.

Results

The IMMray PanCan-d test distinguished PDAC stages I & II (n=56) vs high-risk individuals with 98% specificity and 85% sensitivity, and distinguished PDAC stages I – IV vs high-risk individuals with 98% specificity and 87% sensitivity.

We identified samples with a CA19-9 value of 2.5 U/ml or less as probable Lewis null (le/le) individuals. Excluding these 55 samples from the analysis increased the IMMray PanCan-d test sensitivity to 92% for PDAC stages I-IV (n=157) vs controls (n=379) while maintaining specificity at 99%; test sensitivity for PDAC stages I & II increased from 85% to 89%.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate the IMMray PanCan-d blood test can detect PDAC with high specificity (99%) and sensitivity (92%).
Integrasi Islam dan Sains Teknologi dalam Pengabdian Masyarakat; Transformasi Islam dalam Wilayah Praksis Keseharian Masyarakat
Authors: Soehadha Moh
Published: February 2022

Aktivitas sivitas Perguruan Tinggi Agama Islam dalam dharma Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat adalah wujud dari peran perguruan tinggi untuk memanfaatkan dan mengamalkan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan seni untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan melalui kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sebagai universitas yang mengusung visi keislaman, maka aktivitas pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupakan implementasi dari ajaran Al Qur’an sebagaimana terdapat dalam surat Al-Ma’un, yaitu sebagai ajaran tentang Amal. Implementasi Al Ma’un adalah wujud dari Islam transformatif, bersifat transendensi, humanisasi, emansipasi, dan liberasi (QS Ali Imran (3): 104; 110). Dengan demikian pengabdian kepada masyarakat hakikatnya adalah aktivitas untuk memberdayakan, membebaskan, dan memajukan umat yang lemah dan terlemahkan, yaitu fakir miskin, yatim, dan komunitas marjinal. Dengan mengikuti cara pandang di atas, maka kegiatan pengabdian dengan menerapkan sains teknologi adalah wujud dari integrasi Islam dengan sains teknologi. Aktivitas pengabdian melalui penerapan sains dan teknologi menemukan fungsinya bagi masyarakat melalui tiga strategi pengabdian, yaitu: community development(CD), empowerment, dan community engagement (CE). Pengabdian dengan mengimplementasikan integrasi Islam dengan sains teknologi adalah upaya untuk membangun surga di dunia dan di akherat .
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dusun Padangan, Nglegi, Patuk, Gunung Kidul dalam Meningkatkan Potensi Umbi Talas
Authors: Rahmadewi Yunda Maymanah , Wahyuningsih Iis
Published: February 2022

Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat menyebabkan belum maksimalnya pemanfaatan potensiumbi talas sehingga nilai jual dari umbi talas menjadi rendah. Peningkatan potensi umbi talas dilakukanmelalui kegiatan KKN PPM (Kuliah Kerja Nyata Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat) di DusunPadangan, Nglegi, Patuk, Gunung Kidul. Tujuan program KKN PPM ini adalah meningkatkan nilaiekonomis umbi talas melalui produk olahannya dan mensosialisasikan tepung talas pada masyarakat luastentang pemanfataannya sebagai bahan pangan substitusi gandum dan pangan fungsional. Metode yangdigunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan, praktik, dan pendampingan dengan tahapan 1)Pengolahan umbi talas menjadi tepung, 2) Pengolahan diversifikasi tepung talas menjadi varian produkpangan fungsional, 3) Pelatihan keamanan pangan, 4) Pelatihan pengemasan dan labeling, 5) Pelatihanpenentuan harga, 6) Pendampingan pemasaran, serta 7) Pendampingan pengurusan PIRT. Hasil darikegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pendapatan dari warga dampingan sertaproduk olahan umbi talas yaitu egg roll talas, brownies talas, dan cookies talas.
PKM Pemberdayaan Kelompok Usaha AL Barik di Bidang Kesehatan dan Inovasi Kewirausahaan Tepung Kulit Pisang di Desa Sidomulyo Bambanglipuro Bantul
Authors: Ernawati Dwi , Aryani Titin
Published: February 2022

Kesuksesan suatu usaha memerlukan banyak faktor pendukung, diantaranya faktor kesehatanpelaku usaha dan inovasi produk. Sehingga perlu diberikan perhatian khusus terkait faktor pendukungkesuksesan suatu usaha, khususnya faktor kesehatan pelaku usaha dan inovasi produk. Belakangan ini,usaha yang sedang menjadi trending topic adalah usaha bidang pangan. Mitra PKM adalah kelompokusaha Al-Barik, Desa Sidomulyo, Kecamatan Bambanglipuro, Kabupaten Bantul, Jogjakarta yang beradadi daerah pusat penghasil pisang di Kabupaten Bantul. Permasalahan mitra adalah belum memilikiperhatian khusus terkait kesehatan pelaku usaha, K3, keamanan pangan, dan pengolahan limbahkhususnya kulit pisang. Tujuan PKM adalah memberikan edukasi kesehatan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan,memberikan pelatihan kesehatan dan keamanan kerja, memberikan pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulitpisang, memberikan pelatihan aplikasi tepung kulit pisang pada kue, dan memberikan pelatihanpemasaran produk. Solusi yang ingin dicapai adalahedukasi kesehatan dan pemeriksaan kesehata, pelatihanK3, edukasi keamanan pangan, pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang dan aplikasi pada kue, sertapelatihan pemasaran produk. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah koordinasi dengan mitra, menyusunmodul edukasi kesehatan, modul K3, modul kemananan pangan, modul pengolahan kulit pisang menjaditepung dan aplikasi pada kue, serta modul pemasaran, pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan dan pemeriksaankesehatan, pelaksanaan pelatihan K3, pelaksanaan pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang dan aplikasipada kue serta pelatihan pemasaran produk. Luaran yang akan dihasilkan adalah: 1) tersusunnya modul, 2)terciptanya produk tepung dari kulit pisang, 3) terciptanya produk kue berbahan dasar tepung kulitpisang, 4) HaKI berupa hak cipta, 5) menjadi karya ilmiah yang dipublikasikan di media massa, jurnalnasional dan prosiding. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dikelompok usaha Al-Barik telahdilaksanakan berupa 1) Modul, 2) Pelatihan pembuatan tepung kulit pisang, 3) Pembuatan kue daritepung kulit pisang, 4) Artikel yang telah diterbitkan di jurnal pengabdian masyarakat, 5) Video yang akandi HaKI.
DISCOVER THE BEAUTY AND THE ECONOMICS VALUE OF SAPTOSARI
Authors: Pangestuti Dinik Fitri Rahajeng , Afifah Arum Nur , Rahayu Wigati Restu
Published: February 2022

Saptosari merupakan kecamatan yang terletak di kabupaten Gunungkidul propinsi DIY. Kecamatan Saptosari memiliki potensi alam yaitu pantai yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi objek wisata. Namun untuk mengembangkan wilayah terebut menjadi objek wisata diperlukan beberapa infratruktur termasuk diantaranya pusat oleh-oleh dan kesenian tradisional. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pembinaan terhadap masyarakat setempat agar memiliki jiwa entrepreneurship dan skill untuk mengembangkan produk agar dapat mendukung dan mengembangkan potensi yang ada. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan selama kurun waktu dua bulan dengan beberapa tahap pemberdayaan diawali dengan Focus Group Discussion untuk merumuskan tindakan bersama, kemudian pelatihan pembuatan produk dan pertanian terpadu, pelatihan marketing kemudian ditutup dengan festival yang sekaligus menjadi acara pembukaan wisata pantai Nguyahan di Saptosari. Hasil dari kegiatan pemberdayaan tersebut adalah terwujudnya produk daerah, meningkatnya hasil panen singkong dan terbukanya daerah wisata baru.
INVOLUSI PEMBANGUNAN DESA ENDOGEN
Authors: Qowim Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Pembangunan Pedesaan Endogen (Endogenous Rural Development) memerlukan proyeksi keberlanjutan (sustainability). Indikatornya adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi, angka kebahagiaan dan indeks pembangunan manusia. Penelitian ini mencari model perencanaan pembangunan desa endogen, melaksanakan proses endogenisasi, uji petik endogenisasi dan mencari tantangan keberlanjutan pembangunan desa endogen di komunitas peternakan rakyat. Perencanaan pembangunan dilaksanakan dengan FGD & Survey, menghasilkan strategi endogenisasi. Pelaksanaan pembangunan endogen dilaksanakan dengan skema; endogenisasi pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat, endogenisasi ruang publik masyarakat dan endogenisasi rumah literasi masyarakat. Hasil uji petik pembangunan endogen mengindikasikan terdapat gejala pelemahan endogenisasi yang bersumber dari kecemburuan sosial, kaburnya kepastian hukum dan domestifikasi sektor pertanian & peternakan.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI KKN SUKA MOBILE BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Rifa’i Aulia Faqih , Pratiwi Millati , Alfain Azki Hidayatulloh , Aslam M. Rizal Akbarudin
Published: February 2022

Demi terlaksananya program KKN tanggap darurat COVID19 yang termonitor secara efektif dan efisien di UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, perlu dibuat terobosan yang dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan yang sebelumnya dapat dilakukan secara manual. Pembuatan aplikasi KKN UIN Suka berbasis mobile dapat menjadi solusi untuk memudahkan komunikasi antara peserta KKN dan Dosen Pembimbing Lapangan dalam pengajuan dan pelaporan mengenai program kerja mandiri maupun kelompok. Aplikasi KKN UIN Suka mobile dikembangkan menggunakan framework React Native dengan metode SDLC. Setelah diterbitkan di PlayStore untuk mendukung pelaksanaan KKN 102 UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, aplikasi telah mendapatkan nilai 3.25 / 5 dari total unduhan lebih dari 1000 kali Adapun tautan untuk mengunduh aplikasi adalah https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lppm.kkn.
MANAGING PLURALITY TO BOOST HARMONY AMONG RELIGIOUS ADHERENTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ulfaturrohmatiririn Zahro , Zulkipli Lessy  , Isnan Arifin  , Cahyaningtias Dwi Prabowo  , Muhammad Zaki Mubarok  , Asih Rohmatul Listiani
Published: February 2022

Indonesia with its pluralities is one of the largest multicultural countries in the world. The pluralities include living religions such as Islam, Christianity, Hindu, Buddha, Kong Hu-chu, and variety of indigenous local beliefs. In Indonesia, keeping religious tolerance is a necessity to ensure social stability from ideological coercion and physical clashes among different communities. Thus, religious difference is not only a blessing but also a recognition and respect of someone toward other faiths and work together in virtue. Of the main findings that difference in religious beliefs is not a driving factor for mutually demeaning, mutually humiliating, or confusing one religion with another. Plurality is an indisputable reality in this archipelago. Therefore, the community must have an attitude for the realization of tolerance in order to yield harmony among religious adherents. The importance of tolerance is to maintain stability, harmony, and tolerance, wisdom, and social benefits. The result of this research is to increase religious harmony in Indonesia by implementing religious tolerance in daily life. With mutual tolerance, it will create a beautiful and peaceful life.
DAMPAK GLOBALISASI DAN PERAN SOSOK KIYAI DI SUMENEP (Kajian Kritis Anthony Giddens pada Peran Kiyai di Sumenep, Madura)
Authors: Zahid A
Published: February 2022

Previously, the Sumenep community defined the Islamic cleric as a sacred figure, possessing religious knowledge, and being close to the lay community. This definition agrees that the figure of him is the right choice in solving problems related to the Ummah. However, in the Sumenep community itself, such views have shifted, the figure is informed in a form that may be 360 degrees in difference, namely the political Islamic cleric. The dualism inherent is in the question, when he becomes the figure of a religious one and when he becomes a politician. The purpose of this research is to know this position in the Sumenep area, so as to avoid being biased towards the figure of the Islamic cleric. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a critical approach, so that the theory and the results of the data are actually analyzed theoretically. The results of this study indicate that the position of the Islamic cleric in Sumenep experiences dualism. This happens because of the impact of globalization which changes the position from a religious figure into a politician one. So, it is not surprising if the position begins absurd and difficult to distinguish. Therefore, it effects on understanding pattern of the Sumenep community towards the Islamic cleric who has doubled positions, a religous one and a politician.
TRANSFORMASI KONFLIK AGAMA DAN STRATEGI REFORMATIF PADA PEMBANGUNAN BUDAYA DAMAI
Authors: Faiz Abd. Aziz
Published: February 2022

Conflict accompanies religious life in Indonesia. Social interactions based on prejudice and stereotype still thrive in social relations. On the other hand, for some people religion is seen as a pathological source of conflict, not as a potential creativity for the building of a peaceful culture. In that context, this paper is compiled through a descriptive qualitative method with literature study. This method is used to discover key concepts and their application to efforts to find transformation and reformative strategies from religious conflicts. This transformation and reformative strategy is placed on the assumption that each culture has independent media to build a culture of peace through the internal culture of the community as an effective reconciliation force in building relationships between religious schools (mazhab) and social groups. From this analysis, three main concepts and strategies are found for the development of a culture of peace; first, opening the faucet of intercultural communication based on the existing culture in society, second, building a reformative-transformative national culture that is relevant to the needs of society and the current development. Third, the reformulation of religious understanding and interpretation as the spearhead of religious peace building. These three things have significance for efforts to build a basis for making every policy, social transformation and development of a peaceful culture to achieve future harmony for socio-religious life in Indonesia.
El sentido de la tutorización en el desarrollo del practicum: Acompañar y facilitar en el proceso de adquisición de competencias profesionales
Authors: García-Vila Elena , Sepúlveda-Ruiz María Pilar
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza el papel del profesorado como guía del alumnado durante el desarrollo del Practicum, una compleja labor de formación, asesoramiento y facilitación para conseguir el desarrollo de las competencias profesionales requeridas en la titulación y responder a las necesidades que la realidad educativa demanda. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es conocer, comprender y valorar la influencia de la tutora o el tutor académico en la construcción del pensamiento práctico del/a estudiante. El trabajo se ha enfocado desde una perspectiva cualitativa y se ha optado por un estudio de caso, ya que, posibilita comprender en profundidad el proceso de acompañamiento desarrollado por un grupo de tutores/as académicos con sus estudiantes de Prácticas Externas II en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido: entrevistas, observaciones y análisis de documentos de relevancia para la investigación. Los resultados muestran el sentido e importancia de la tutorización durante el período de formación práctica, en el que el alumnado comienza su andadura profesional y se inicia en la investigación/acción, lo cual favorece el contraste entre sus teorías implícitas y la realidad que está viviendo y adquiere unas competencias y refuerza otras, a la vez que se muestra la necesidad de coordinación entre tutores/as académicos y profesionales para generar un mayor impacto en el desarrollo profesional del/a estudiante.
On the Persistence of Mental Health Deterioration during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Sex and Ethnicity in the UK: Evidence from Understanding Society
Authors: Quintana-Domeque Climent , Proto Eugenio
Published: February 2022

We use longitudinal data from a representative sample of the UK and compare self-reported mental health, as measured by the GHQ-12 score, at three timepoints (2017–2019, April 2020 and March 2021), for the whole sample and by sex and ethnicity. Out of the 14,382 individuals interviewed in 2017–2019 and April 2020, 10,445 were interviewed again in March 2021. The mean GHQ-12 in April 2020 is 12.37 [95% CI: 12.22, 12.52] and in March 2021 is 12.36 [95% CI: 12.21, 12.51], above that of 2017–2019: 11.13 [95% CI: 10.99, 11.26]. We do not find evidence that the level of mental health goes back to pre-pandemic levels. In terms of inequalities, while the gender gap (mean difference between women and men) in mental health deterioration among White British is closing, there is no clear evidence that the ethnic gap (mean difference between ethnic minorities and White British) among men is changing.
Tensile failure in a superplastic alumina
Authors: Hiraga Keijiro , Nakano Keishi
Published: February 2022

Tensile failure in superplastic alumina shows a close similarity to ductile failure in metallic materials containing microvoids or hard inclusions. Microcracking, which appears as strain exceeding ~ 90% of the failure strain and leading to macroscopic cracking for final failure, is not caused by the propagation of the largest preexistent defects, but by extensive cavity coalescence. Such coalescence is found to occur as the thickness of the intervoid matrix decreases to a certain level due to an increase in the number and size of cavities. The data also show that there is no explicit critical grain size for the onset of microcracking, although microcracking and failure tend to occur at smaller strains as the initial grain size increases.
Comparative Study of Secondary School Students' and Pre-Service Teachers' Misconception about Simple Electric Circuit
Authors: Suryadi A. , Kusairi S. , Husna D. A.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to compare the misconceptions of secondary school students (junior and senior high school) and pre-service physics teachers about simple electrical circuits.Â  The study involved 92 people consisting of 30 junior high school students, 32 senior high school students, and 30 pre-service physics teachers. The diagnostic misconception instrument was adapted from the Simple Electric Circuits Diagnostic Test (SECDT). Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential analysis. The results of the study indicated that there are 11 misconceptions types that the student had. The clashing current is a type of misconception that is most often found both in high school students and in pre-service teacher. The inferential test showed that there were significant differences of misconception scores among junior high school students, senior high school students, and pre-service physics teachers (KW=12,689, df=2, p< 0.05). Teachers could use the misconception profile as a consideration in planning classroom instruction.
Formative Assessment Practices of Physics Teachers in Pakistan
Authors: Khan M. , Zaman T. U. , Saeed A.
Published: February 2022

Formative assessment is an ongoing activity that helps to understand the gaps between a studentâ€™s current understanding and the objectives to achieve. If combined with appropriate feedback, it has powerful positive impact on studentsâ€™ learning. The objective of the study was to explore the quality of classroom assessment practices of physics teachers in Pakistan. One hundred fifteen (115) principals, one hundred thirty-nine (139) physics teachers and eight hundred (800) 10th class science students were selected randomly from 162 target schools. Three (03) validated and reliable 5-point Liker-type scales were developed to collect the perceptions of the respondents. Eighteen hundred checked class tests of 20 physics teachers were also analysed to explore the quality of assessment. It was concluded that the quality of formative assessment is poor, and teachers must be trained to improve feedback process given to the students to enhance their learning.
The Effectiveness of Head-To-Tail Method in Solving Challenging Physics Tasks
Authors: Sharifov G. M.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the effectiveness of Head-to-tail method for addition vectors. The empirical investigations were carried out at a specialized school. In the research, the number of respondents was 24. As a part of the experiments, it was conducted questionnaires among them and they were given pre-test and post-test, which consists of 12 questions. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. A paired t-test was carried out on pre-test and post-test to determine the possible difference between them. According to the statistically analysed data, it was established that by using Head-to-tail method, students could understand and solve more complicated test task regarding the motion of an object under the many forces. It was concluded that this method could be the best way of solving the most challenging issues related to one or two-dimensional motion and it makes a significant contribution to the more in-depth adoption of the students' understanding of finding the direction of resultant force for numerous forces vectors.
Student Responses to The Application of The Number Head Together Learning Model in Physics Subjects
Authors: Jufrida J , Astalini A , Darmaji D , Tanti T , Kurniawan D A , Erika E , Hayi R , Sukarni W
Published: February 2022

The NHT (Number Head Together) learning model is a learning model that has a structure designed to influence student interaction patterns. The NHT learning model emphasizes students to work together in finding, processing, and reporting information. This model can make students more communicative during the physics learning process. The use of conventional learning models will generally make students bored and uninterested in learning physics. In physics subjects, teachers generally use conventional learning modelsStudents' boredom will arise when learning using conventional models. The purpose of this study was to describe students' responses to the application of the NHT type cooperative learning model. The benefit of this research is to know the student's response to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model, as well as the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model in physics learning. This study used a mixed method research design. The data in this study were analyzed using the triangulation method. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The subjects in this study were high school students. The results showed that some respondents responded quite well to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model in physics learning, and some of them responded well to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning. In learning physics, the use of learning models affects the continuity of the teaching and learning process which will have an impact on the knowledge and learning outcomes possessed by students.
Implementation of Rasch Model for Mapping Students’ Metacognitive Awareness
Authors: Sukarelawan M I , Jumadi J , Kuswanto H , Nurjannah T , Hikmah F N , Ramadhan M F
Published: February 2022

This study aim is to map students’ metacognitive awareness in physics subjects. This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Bantarsari in 2020. A total of 112 respondents (male = 17% and female = 83%) from class XI and XII were selected using a combination of snowball techniques and convenience sampling. Students’ metacognitive physics awareness was administrated using the Physics Metacognition Inventory (PMI) and analyzed using the Rasch model. The PMI inventory consists of 26 items and uses a Likert scale of 5 ratings ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Mapping students’ physics metacognitive awareness based on the Logit Value of Person. Metacognitive awareness is classified into four levels, namely: low, medium, high, and very high levels. The results showed that more than 80% of students had metacognitive awareness at moderate and high levels. Dominant female students have metacognitive awareness at a high level and male students at a moderate level. The students’ metacognitive awareness in class XI and XII were at very high and moderate levels, respectively. The 15-16 year age group was dominant at a moderate level and the 17-18 year age group at a high level.
Effectiveness of A Simulated Thermodynamics Lab in A Grade Eight Lyceum Class
Authors: Sharifov G , MacIsaac D
Published: February 2022

We examine the use of PhET (University of Colorado Physics Education Technology) simulation labs in developing conceptual understanding of introductory thermodynamics by eighth grade students. Pedagogical experiments were conducted at the Baku European Lyceum, a gifted / magnet school in the capital of Azerbaijan. Results showed that virtual laboratories can play a crucial role in lyceum students' thinking and creative abilities and their acquisition of more in-depth knowledge and skills on thermodynamics.  We also found that simulations have many appropriate advantages in learning and teaching lyceum thermodynamics, and list seven such.
The Relationships Among High School Students’ Scientific Epistemic Beliefs, Conceptions of Learning Physics and Willingness to Perform Scientific Studies in Physics
Authors: Kapucu S
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research is to investigate the relationships among high school students’ scientific epistemic beliefs, conceptions of learning physics and willingness to perform scientific studies in physics. A total number of 526 (male=284, female=242) 9th grade high school students participated in the study. Correlation research was used, and the data were collected with the help of some questionnaires in the form of Likert-scale at just one point in time. To investigate the relationship among the variables Hierarchical Regression Analysis was performed. The results showed that students’ scientific epistemic beliefs in certainty, development, and justification as well as their higher-level conceptions of learning physics – that are, increase of knowledge, applying and understanding and seeing in a new way – are significant and positive predictors of their willingness to perform scientific studies in physics in the final model. This result can imply that increase in students’ such scientific epistemic beliefs and conceptions of learning physics can result in increase in their willingness to perform scientific studies in physics. Moreover, students’ scientific epistemic beliefs and conceptions of learning physics can also be important variables in explaining their intentions or willingness to perform scientific studies in physics. The attempts that can improve both students’ epistemic beliefs and conceptions of learning physics might result in increase in their willingness to perform scientific studies in physics.
Misdiagnosed and maltreated scaphoid fractures – costly both for society and patients: A review of filed claims to the Swedish National Patient Insurance Company 2011–2018
Authors: Andersson Jonny K , Gustafson Pelle , Kopylov Philippe
Published: February 2022

Misdiagnosed and maltreated scaphoid fractures filed to the Swedish National Patient Insurance Company (LÖF) 2011–2018 were analyzed in terms of complications and costs for society. All filed claims are database-registered (altogether 200 000 claims since 2000). This database was assessed in June 2019 through injury ICD10-SWE-diagnoses. Demographics, complications, complaints, corrective surgeries and costs were analyzed. The numbers of claims for scaphoid fractures were reviewed and compared with all claims.

There was a statistically significant trend towards decreasing numbers of notified scaphoid fracture cases during this time. This is not the case compared with the total annually notified injuries to LÖF during the same time, where we instead can see statistically significant increased numbers.

Median age for the 128 patients was 24 years. Men represented 76%. Seventy-eight of the 128 (61%) claims were judged as avoidable, compared with 42% in terms of all notified injuries. Pseudoarthrosis dominated as complication (n  = 71). Total numbers of complications were 117, and 47 of the 78 patients had medical invalidity as a consequence. Up to six secondary corrective surgeries per patient were required. Complications and disabilities were more severe if patients needed more than one surgery. The total costs were calculated to €1 226 193.

Level of Evidence: LoE III, Therapeutic.
El Fondo Monseñor Samuel Ruiz García, una fuente fundamental para la historia de Chiapas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Pérez Mendoza Joel
Published: February 2022

En mayo del 2019 se concluyó la base de datos del Fondo Monseñor Samuel Ruiz García que resguarda el Archivos Histórico Diocesano de San Cristóbal de Las Casas. Tatik Samuel, como le llamaban los pueblos indígenas se destacó por ser un defensor de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas de México y Latinoamérica. Este artículo busca dar a conocer la existencia de dicha base de datos, así como algunos de los temas que podemos encontrar en este reservorio documental que pueden ser de utilidad para quienes estén interesados en conocer y reconstruir la historia de Chiapas e incluso, de América Latina, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
Visiones renovadas de la historiografía de Chiapas, siglos XVI-XX
Authors: Fuentes Horta Erick , Ledezma Díaz Rafael Ángel
Published: February 2022

This issue integrates a set of articles on various issues and periods in the history of Chiapas. The seven articles and the documentary review were written by specialists in history and anthropology from Mexico and other countries. The texts cover various topics, regions and time periods: the encomiendas established in Ciudad Real —Los Altos region— in the mid-sixteenth century; changes in land use in the Indian villages of the Central Depression during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; the gradual disappearance of one of these villages —Escuintenango—; the philanthropic and scientific expeditions that arrived, first, to the Ciudad Real intendancy and then to the state of Chiapas in the 19th century; the labor relations that existed between enganchados and debtors in the coffee farms of Soconusco and, finally, the nationalist dynamics that were woven around the agrarian distribution in the border zone with Guatemala in the first half of the 20th century. These works qualify some commonplaces -still reproduced by academic and political sectors inside and outside Mexico- that minimize through simplistic readings the social and cultural complexity of the historical processes that defined the current reality of Chiapas. Therefore, the articles are part of that historiographical renewal that began in the 1980s and continues to this day despite the biased interpretations generated after the armed uprising of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) in 1994.
Editorial: ¿Para qué la historia? Algunas respuestas de la investigación didáctica actual
Authors: Coudannes Aguirre Mariela
Published: February 2022

Didactic research has been renewing its answers to a long-standing question: what is the purpose of teaching history? When transcending the nationalist purposes that were attributed to it in previous centuries, additional questions arise: what are the new meanings to be constructed? additional questions arise: what are the new meanings to be constructed? how can their presence in the curriculum be justified?
Los contenidos de la historia reciente de Colombia y sus criterios de selección por parte de los maestros de Ciencias Sociales de dos instituciones educativas en la ciudad de Medellín: ¿Cuál es la historia reciente que se enseña?
Authors: Tabares Ospina Anderson
Published: February 2022

This article derives from a master’s thesis carried out within the framework of the XIX cohort of the master’ degree in Education of the Faculty of Education of the University of Antioquia, in which the subject positions of Social Sciences teachers in the teaching of the Recent History of Colombia in two educational institutions in the city of Medellín were investigated. Among other aspects, they were asked about the contents of recent history teaching and their selection criteria, and it was found that the Colombian armed conflict since the 1950s has been a central element in the teaching process and that its arrival in the classroom is due more to personal initiatives of teachers or demands of students than to normative guidelines.