bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhubarb‐Aconite Decoction (RAD) Drug‐Containing Serum Alleviated Endotoxin‐Induced Oxidative Stress Injury and Inflammatory Response in Caco‐2 Cells In Vitro
Authors: Du Xiao-hong , Chen Qing-jun , Song Jian-bo , Xie Yan , Zhi Yan , Sun Ru-ru , Liu Guo-hui , Kang Xin
Published: July 2020

Rhubarb‐Aconite Decoction (RAD), a famous Chinese medicine prescription, has been widely used for treating intestinal injury. However, the effect of RAD on intestinal epithelial cells is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RAD drug‐containing serum on the oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response induced by endotoxin (ET) in Caco‐2 cells in vitro. Lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), caspase‐11, tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α), interleukin‐3(IL‐3), and cytokeratin (CK)18, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activity, and intracellular free calcium ion levels were measured. The results showed that ET triggered the activation of caspase‐11 and the massive release of TNF‐α, increased the inhibitory rate of cell growth, MDA, and LDH expressions in Caco‐2 cells. Moreover, RAD drug‐containing serum could inhibit caspase‐11 activation, decrease the release of TNF‐α and IL‐3, reduce intracellular free calcium ion, and enhance CK 18 expression and ATP activity. These novel findings demonstrated that ET‐induced oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response of Caco‐2 cells were improved by RAD drug‐containing serum, indicating that RAD may be a good choice for the treatment of intestinal injury.
Evaluation of Resilience of Battle Damage Equipment Based on BN-Cloud Model
Authors: Song Mingchang , Shi Quan , Hu Qiwei , You Zhifeng , Wang Yadong
Published: July 2020

In order to solve the problem of a lack of supportive means for evaluating the resilience of battle damage equipment, a Bayesian network cloud model is proposed to evaluate the resilience of battle damage equipment. The equipment functional features are analyzed to establish the equipment functional state evaluation model. Moreover, the samples of Bayesian network parameters training are obtained by inserting the results of battle damage simulation into the functional evaluation model. The simulation flow of parts state recovery probability is designed to determine the relationship between parts’ functional state and time. Based on the cloud model, the transformation model of functional state level probability to functional index is established. Hence, the equipment functional state level probability obtained by Bayesian network reasoning is transformed into a functional index and the transformation from uncertainty to certainty is realized. Considering self-propelled artillery as the object of resilience evaluation, the results of numerical examples show that by this method, the problem of equipment resilience evaluation can be effectively solved, and more information can be obtained by the accurate representation method compared to the traditional Bayesian network probabilistic evaluation results. This is greatly significant to the wartime maintenance support decision.
Prognostic Value of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Wenjun , Lian Baotao , Lu Haining , Liao Pengda , Guo Liheng , Zhang Minzhou
Published: July 2020

Objective. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, is reported to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether ADMA is an independent predictor for future mortality and adverse clinical events among patients with heart failure (HF). Methods. Electronic literature databases (Central, MEDLINE, and Embase) were searched for relevant observational studies on the prognostic value of ADMA in HF patients published before January 2019. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratio and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for risk evaluation. Results. 10 studies with 2195 participants were identified and analyzed. The pooled HR of composite clinical events for the highest vs. lowest quartiles from categorical variable results was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.15‐1.57, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%), which is 1.31 (95% CI: 1.10‐1.55, P < 0.005, I2 = 0%) in the subgroup of acute decompensated HF. The pooled HR of composite clinical events from continuous variable results was 1.41 (95% CI: 1.21‐1.63, P < 0.001, I2 = 21.9%), with 0.1 μM increment accounting for the increasing 25% risk for composite adverse clinical events. The pooled HR for all‐cause mortality was 2.38 (95% CI: 1.48‐3.82, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%) after sensitivity analysis. Two studies reporting the HR of inhospital mortality in HF patients regarded it as a prognostic indicator, with categorical variable HR as 1.26 (95% CI: 1.07‐1.84, P < 0.05) and continuous variable OR as 2.15 (95% CI: 1.17–4.29, P < 0.05). Conclusions. ADMA is an independent predictor for composite clinical outcomes among HF patients with both short‐term and long‐term prognostic value.
A Comparative Study on Loadings of the Lower Extremity during Deep Squat in Asian and Caucasian Individuals via OpenSim Musculoskeletal Modelling
Authors: Lu Yichen , Mei Qichang , Peng Hsien-Te , Li Jianshe , Wei Chen , Gu Yaodong
Published: July 2020

Populations of different ethnicities may present different movement capacities and muscular function adaptations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of motion and loading in the lower extremity during dynamic deep squats between Asian and Caucasian individuals using OpenSim modelling technique with a customized squat‐specific musculoskeletal model. Twenty‐four participants joined the test performing the step‐squat test, with right foot stepping side, squatting, and returning. The one‐dimensional statistical parametric mapping package was used for statistical analysis. The main findings of the current study were as follows: (1) significant lower squat depth was observed in the Asian individuals, (2) the greater knee range of motion and contact forces were found in the Asian individuals, and (3) the greater ankle contact forces in the Caucasian individuals were notable while performing the deep squat compared to the Asian group. Knowledge found in the current study may provide implication for exercise practitioners and physiotherapists while designing schemes for the prevention of loading accumulation in the lower extremity.
Structural Behavior of Concrete Beams Containing Recycled Coarse Aggregates under Flexure
Authors: Yang In-Hwan , Park Jihun , Kim Kyoung-Chul , Lee Hyungbae
Published: July 2020

The structural behavior of concrete beams containing recycled coarse aggregates (RCAs) was investigated in this study using detailed experimental data. Twelve concrete beams were tested in the experimental program: nine beams with varying RCA contents and three control beams with natural coarse aggregates (NCAs). The parameters for investigating the structural behavior of the RCA concrete beams under flexure were the RCA content (30%, 50%, and 100%) and tensile rebar ratio (0.50%, 0.79%, and 1.14%). The crack pattern of the RCA beams was similar to that of the NCA beams; however, the RCA beams exhibited smaller crack spacing than the NCA beams. The flexural strength was slightly affected by the RCA content. However, the ductility of the beam was not significantly influenced by the RCA content. A comparison of the experimental results and the calculations from the ACI 318 and EC 2 provisions for the flexural strength showed that the current provisions conservatively predicted the flexural strength of the RCA concrete beams.
Calculation of Nonlinear Stiffness of Rubber Pad under Different Temperatures and Prepressures
Authors: Xu Chuanbo , Chi Mao-Ru , Dai Liangcheng , Guo Zhaotuan
Published: July 2020

The static stiffness of rubber springs is affected by temperature and prepressure. In this thesis, the relationship between Young’s modulus and temperature of rubber was studied, and the quantitative relationship between them was determined. The approximate formula for calculating the static stiffness of rubber pads was further modified, and the ellipse approximation method and convexity coefficient correction method were proposed. In addition, the influence of temperature on geometric nonlinearity was considered. The formula for calculating nonlinear stiffness includes two variables: temperature and prepressure. The results of tests and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the nonlinear formula can be a good approximation and that it can meet the requirements of engineering applications.
Endogenous Endophthalmitis Associated with Liver Abscess Successfully Treated with Vitrectomy and Intravitreal Empirical Antibiotics Injections
Authors: Lim Sung Woong , Sung Youngje , Kwon Hee Jung , Song Won Kyung
Published: July 2020

Purpose. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen of endogenous endophthalmitis accompanying liver abscess in East Asia. The treatment may be different for the patients with endogenous endophthalmitis from the postoperative endophthalmitis. Prompt administration of both intraocular (vancomycin and ceftazidime) and systemic (ceftriaxone, aminoglycoside, and/or metronidazole) antibiotics have been a mainstay of treatment. However, ceftriaxone has been proven to more effectively kill K. pneumoniae than ceftazidime in in vitro studies, and the safety of intravitreal ceftriaxone has been confirmed in animal studies. Methods. Two diabetic female patients with liver abscess presented with decreased visual acuity of the unilateral eyes. Fundus photography, ocular ultrasonography, and abdominal computed tomography were performed. Results. A 50-year-old diabetic female patient with liver abscess presented decreased visual acuity of the left eye. In fundus examinations, a yellowish necrotic lesion was noted throughout the eye. The results of culture of the blood culture was positive for K. pneumoniae. She was successfully treated with intravitreal ceftazidime injections, and the remaining vitreous opacity was treated with vitrectomy. A 62-year-old female with liver abscess presented a visual symptom of floaters in the right eye. The fundus had a hazy appearance through the vitreous opacity. A yellowish-white subretinal abscess was noted at the temporal macula. Cultures of blood were negative. She underwent intravitreal injections of empirical antibiotics. However, she did not respond to intravitreal vancomycin and ceftazidime. Thus, we changed the intravitreal antibiotics from ceftazidime to ceftriaxone and performed vitrectomy. Her ocular status significantly improved after this change. Conclusion. Our results indicate that for cases with EE, prompt initial treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, followed by rapid use of antibiotics selected according to culture results, and empirical use of antibiotics in cases of a negative culture may be an effective treatment. Vitrectomy also can be an effective treatment option for vitreous opacity refractory to the treatment.
An Access Selection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Based on Optimal Resource Allocation
Authors: Liang Gen , Sun Guoxi , Fang Jingcheng , Guo Xiaoxue , Yu Hewei
Published: July 2020

Wireless networks form heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs) with overlapping signal coverage, and access selection is one of the key technologies of HWNs. Today, most access selection algorithms select appropriate networks mainly from the perspective of users while failing to consider resource allocation and optimize the overall transmission performance of HWNs. This paper proposes an access selection algorithm for HWNs based on optimal resource allocation by analyzing the wireless link transmission rate model, focusing on maximizing the HWN transmission rate, using the dynamic programming theory to derive the optimal value of bandwidth allocated to users. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively improve network throughput and resource utilization and can connect users to the appropriate network according to QoS rate requirements.
The Use of Awake Videolaryngoscopy and an Innovative Flexible-Tipped Bougie in a Potentially Difficult Airway
Authors: Watson Will A. , Cormack John
Published: July 2020

We present a case where awake videolaryngoscopy (VL) was used, along with a flexible-tipped bougie to allow endotracheal intubation in a challenging airway. The patient presented for resection of a large left-sided parapharyngeal mass. Examination and imaging led to concerns about a potentially difficult airway. Awake VL was used to assess the grade of intubation before induction of anesthesia. Once the patient was anesthetized, a flexible-tipped bougie was used to navigate past the mass, allowing successful intubation. This case report demonstrates the combination of these two technologies to provide effective airway management in the potentially difficult airway.
Initial Development of the Activity Card Sort-Advancing Inclusive Participation from a Homeless Population Perspective
Authors: Tyminski Quinn P. , Drummond Ronald R. , Heisey Claire F. , Evans Shelby K. , Hendrix Audra , Jaegers Lisa A. , Baum Carolyn M.
Published: July 2020

Importance. Nonsanctioned occupations are those deemed socially unacceptable, unhealthy, or illegal, yet they hold meaning for individuals. A gap in occupational therapy evaluation and intervention to address a broader perspective on occupations prompted the adaptation of the Activity Card Sort tool to explore participation in nonsanctioned occupations. Methods. Develop a new version of the Activity Card Sort-Advancing Inclusive Participation to include occupations experienced by the homeless population, including nonsanctioned occupations. This study occurred in two phases: (1) tool development (item selection, content expert review, line development drawing, and assessment of content validity) and (2) tool use to determine face validity. Participants were selected through a convenience sample at a local homeless shelter and academic institution. Participants experiencing homelessness (phase 1: N=13, phase 2: N=10) were required to be seeking services at the homeless shelter, while nonhomeless participants (phase 2: N=30) worked full-time, resided with a significant other, and had personal transportation. Results. An assessment of 76 occupations, corresponding line drawings, and follow-up questions was created. An initial construct validity study demonstrated differences between occupational participation of those who are homeless and nonhomeless in the areas of social engagement, nonsanctioned occupations, work and education, and home management. Both groups reported previous, current, or desired engagement in the occupations identified in the assessment. Conclusions and relevance. The purpose of this study was to create an inclusive assessment for use in the homeless population and complete a construct validity study of the assessment tool. Although the results indicated some differences in the frequency with which occupations were performed, the results demonstrated that all individuals participate in occupations that many not contribute to their health and wellness. This initial work supports the future development of a tool that is inclusive of all occupations to obtain a holistic picture of an individual’s participation.
Timing and Application Rate for Sequential Applications of Glufosinate are Critical for Maximizing Control of Annual Weeds in LibertyLink® Soybean
Authors: Meyer Chris J. , Norsworthy Jason K.
Published: July 2020

Preserving the utility of glufosinate in both LibertyLink soybean and other glufosinate-resistant crops is critical for managing herbicide-resistant weeds. An experiment with a two-factor factorial arrangement was conducted at the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, AR, in 2015, 2016, and 2017 to evaluate the efficacy of glufosinate in single and sequential applications at various rates on 8–32 cm tall Palmer amaranth, barnyardgrass, and broadleaf signalgrass. Herbicide treatments consisted of glufosinate applied at 454, 595, 738, and 882 g ai ha−1 (Factor 1) with either no sequential application or a sequential application occurring 7, 10, 14, or 21 days after the initial application (DAI) (Factor 2). For treatments that contained a sequential application, the same rate used in the initial application (e.g., 451 g ai ha−1) was also used in the sequential. Regardless of species and rate, sequential applications were always superior to single applications. Palmer amaranth control 3 weeks after the final treatment (WAF) was 8% greater when the sequential application occurred 10 DAI compared to 21 DAI, averaged over glufosinate rates. When at least 595 g ai ha−1 glufosinate was used in a treatment, no differences between the 7-, 10-, 14-, and 21-day sequential application intervals were observed for barnyardgrass or broadleaf signalgrass control, 3 WAF. Soybean yields were greater when the glufosinate applications occurred 7 or 10 d apart compared to 21 d, averaged over glufosinate rates. When large weeds are present in the field, these data suggest that glufosinate should be applied sequentially with a 7- to 14-day interval between applications. If sequential applications of glufosinate are used in combination with a comprehensive weed control management program, the value of the LibertyLink technology should be preserved by mitigating the risk of glufosinate resistance.
Broad Diversity of Fungi in Hospital Water
Authors: Arroyo Máira Gazzola , Ferreira Adriano Menis , Frota Oleci Pereira , Brizzotti-Mazuchi Natalia Seron , Peresi Jacqueline Tanury Macruz , Rigotti Marcelo Alessandro , Macedo Carlos Eduardo , Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes de , Andrade Denise de , Almeida Margarete Teresa Gottardo de
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Some studies have reported the occurrence of microorganisms isolated from water. Considering these microorganisms, fungi are known to occur ubiquitously in the environment, including water, and some are pathogenic and may cause health problems, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The aim of this study was to identify fungi in hospital water samples and to correlate their presence with the concentration of free residual chlorine. Methods. Water samples (100 mL) were collected from taps (n = 74) and water purifiers (n = 14) in different locations in a university hospital. Samples were filtered through a nitrocellulose membrane and placed on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated for 24 hours at 30∘C. Fungi were identified according to established methods based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics (filamentous) and physiological tests (yeasts). Free chlorine residual content was measured at the time of sample collection. Results. Seventy species of fungi were identified in the water samples and about 56% of the water samples contained culturable fungi. Cladosporium oxysporum, Penicillium spinulosum, and Aspergillus fumigatus were the most common filamentous fungi. Aureobasidium pullulans and Candida parapsilosis were the most common yeasts. Chemical analyses revealed that free residual chlorine was present in 81.8% of the samples within recommended concentrations. Among samples from water purifiers, 92.9% showed low levels of free residual chlorine (<0.2 mg/L). There was no significant association between chlorine concentrations (either within or outside the recommended range) and the presence of filamentous fungi and yeasts. Conclusions. This study showed that hospital water can be a reservoir for fungi, some of which are potentially harmful to immunocompromised patients. Free residual chlorine was ineffective in some samples.
New Electrocardiographic Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Di Marco Andrea , Rodriguez Marcos , Cinca Juan , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Ortiz‐Perez Jose T. , Ariza‐Solé Albert , Sanchez‐Salado Jose Carlos , Sionis Alessandro , Rodriguez Jany , Toledano Beatriz , Codina Pau , Solé‐González Eduard , Masotti Monica , Gómez‐Hospital Joan Antoni , Cequier Ángel , Anguera Ignasi
Published: July 2020

Background

Current electrocardiographic algorithms lack sensitivity to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
) in the presence of left bundle branch block.

Methods and Results

A multicenter retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with suspected
AMI
and left bundle branch block, referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention between 2009 and 2018. Pre‐2015 patients formed the derivation cohort (n=163, 61 with
AMI
); patients between 2015 and 2018 formed the validation cohort (n=107, 40 with
AMI
). A control group of patients without suspected
AMI
was also studied (n=214). Different electrocardiographic criteria were tested. A total of 484 patients were studied. A new electrocardiographic algorithm (
BARCELONA
algorithm) was derived and validated. The algorithm is positive in the presence of
ST
deviation ≥1 mm (0.1 mV) concordant with
QRS
polarity, in any lead, or
ST
deviation ≥1 mm (0.1 mV) discordant with the
QRS
, in leads with max (R|S) voltage (the voltage of the largest deflection of the
QRS
, ie, R or S wave) ≤6 mm (0.6 mV). In both the derivation and the validation cohort, the
BARCELONA
algorithm achieved the highest sensitivity (93%–95%), negative predictive value (96%–97%), efficiency (91%–94%) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.92–0.93), significantly higher than previous electrocardiographic rules (
P
<0.01); the specificity was good in both groups (89%–94%) as well as the control group (90%).

Conclusions

In patients with left bundle branch block referred for
primary percutaneous coronary intervention
, the
BARCELONA
algorithm was specific and highly sensitive for the diagnosis of
AMI
, leading to a diagnostic accuracy comparable to that obtained by
ECG
in patients without left bundle branch block.
Trends of Clinical Outcomes and Health Care Resource Use in Heart Failure in the United States
Authors: Khan Safi U. , Khan Muhammad Zia , Alkhouli Mohamad
Published: July 2020

Background

Heart failure (HF) imparts a significant clinical and economic burden on the health system in the United States.

Methods and Results

We used the National Inpatient Sample database between September 2002 and December 2016. We examined trends of comorbidities, inpatient mortality, and healthcare resource use in patients admitted with acute HF. Outcomes were adjusted for demographic variables, comorbidities, and inflation. A total of 11 806 679 cases of acute HF hospitalization were identified. The burden of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, valvular heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, anemia, cancer, depression, and chronic kidney disease among patients admitted with acute HF increased over time. The adjusted mortality decreased from 6.8% in 2002 to 4.9% in 2016 (
P‐
trend<0.001; average annual decline, 1.99%), which was consistent across age, sex, and race. The adjusted mean length of stay decreased from 8.6 to 6.5 days (
P
<0.001), but discharge disposition to a long‐term care facility increased from 20.8% to 25.6% (
P
<0.001). The inflation adjusted mean cost of stay increased from $14 301 to $17 925 (
P
<0.001) (average annual increase, 1.52%), which was partially explained by the higher proportion of procedures (echocardiogram, right heart catheterization, use of ventricular assist devices, coronary artery bypass grafting) and the higher incidence of HF complications (cardiogenic shock, respiratory failure, ventilator, and renal failure requiring dialysis).

Conclusions

This national data set showed that despite increasing medical complexities, there was significant reduction in inpatient mortality and length of stay. However, these measures were counterbalanced by a higher proportion of discharge disposition to long‐term care facilities and expensive cost of care.
Free-living nematode communities in a large and deep oligotrophic lake in Europe: comparison of different depth zones of Lake Constance (Germany)
Authors: Traunspurger Walter , Witthöft-Mühlmann André , Höss Sebastian
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the abundance, biomass, species richness, species distribution and feeding types of free-living nematodes in Lake Constance, a deep, oligotrophic lake in Germany. Three water depth zones, the sublittoral (13-30 m water depth), profundal (31-99 m) and deep profundal (100-250 m), were distinguished and 16 sites from each water depth zone were sampled. A high nematode species richness was determined at all three zones, with 129 species in the sublittoral, 113 in the profundal and 92 in the deep profundal. In total, 171 nematode species were identified in this study. The dominant species (relative abundance > 5%) in all water depths were Ethmolaimus pratensis, Eumonhystera filiformis, E. longicaudatula, E. vulgaris and E. andrassyi, Hofmaenneria brachystoma, Ironus tenuicaudatus, Monhystera paludicola/stagnalis, Prismatolaimus intermedius and Tobrilus gracilis. High mean densities of 507-730 indiv. 10 cm−2 were found at each water depth, with a mean overall density of 627 indiv. 10 cm−2. The high abundance resulted in a high mean biomass (1.19 mg wet weight 10 cm−2; range 0.92-1.37 mg wet weight 10 cm−2) for nematodes in Lake Constance. Deposit feeders were the dominant feeding type at all water depth zones (51.7%), followed by epistrate feeders (17.6%), chewers-omnivores (15.9%) and chewers-predators (11.0%). Suction feeders accounted for <4% in the lake as a whole. The structure of the nematode communities in the three zones correlated with sediment texture (water content, clay content), as well as total sulphur and nutrient-related parameters (ATP, bacteria, algae, C:N ratio).
Signs of Greek Education in the Book of Judith
Authors: Mortensen Jacob P.B.
Published: July 2020

This article examines Judith’s prayer in chapter 9 of the book of Judith from the perspective of the guidelines on speech-in-character found in Aelius Theon’s Progymnasmata (mid/end of the first century CE). According to the guidelines, it is important for an author of prose to achieve correspondence between the literary persona and the actual speech-in-character. This article examines the extent to which Judith’s prayer in chapter 9 observes Theon’s guidelines, as well as the theological implications of this.
Cryptococcal Anterior Glottic Web from Disseminated Infection Presenting as Confusion: A Case Report
Authors: Haught Erica , Roberts Christopher , McChesney Jason
Published: July 2020

Objectives:

To educate healthcare providers on Cryptococcus neoformans as a novel cause of glottic webs especially in an immunocompromised patient and discuss recurrence of the glottic web. This case also emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive patient evaluation in cases such as this, as laryngeal involvement in this case was only a portion of the patient’s disease burden.

Methods:

An extensive review of the patient’s clinical course was assessed including patient presentation, diagnostic techniques, medical and surgical treatment, and complications.

Results:

Prolonged Fluconazole therapy and two excisions of the glottic web, the second with keel placement, was an effective treatment course for our patient.

Conclusion:

Cryptococcal glottic webs are rare, and this case report demonstrates successful treatment in one such case with operative intervention following medical management of disseminated disease.
Predicting Nasal Soft Tissue Envelope Thickness for Rhinoplasty: A Model Based on Visual Examination of the Nose
Authors: Dey Jacob K. , Recker Chelsey A. , Olson Michael D. , Bowen Andrew J. , Hamilton Grant S.
Published: July 2020

Importance:

Predicting nasal soft tissue envelope (STE) thickness is an important component of the preoperative evaluation for rhinoplasty that presently lacks validated tools.

Objective:

Assess for patient facial features and factors that can help predict nasal STE thickness.

Design, Setting, and Participants:

Retrospective review and prospective assessment conducted at an academic tertiary referral center. This study included 190 adult patients and four expert raters. The patients had high-resolution maxillofacial CT scans and standardized facial photographs on file and did not have a history of nasal fracture, septal perforation, rhinoplasty, or other surgery or medical conditions altering nasal form.

Main Outcomes and Measures:

Assess each face for features that could help predict nasal STE thickness: sebaceous quality of skin, visibility of nasal tip cartilages, presence of freckles, presence of telangiectasias, Fitzpatrick skin type, patient age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Measure actual nasal STE thickness using high-resolution CT scans. Analyze which facial features and patient factors help predict nasal STE thickness.

Results:

Pearson correlations were calculated between actual nasal STE thickness and patient facial features and factors. These showed that more sebaceous skin, telangiectasias, higher Fitzpatrick skin type, male sex, and higher BMI were associated with a thicker nasal STE. Increased visibility of nasal tip cartilages, freckles, lower Fitzpatrick skin type, female sex, and lower BMI were associated with a thinner nasal STE.

Conclusions and Relevance:

There are patient facial features and factors that can help surgeons predict nasal STE thickness before rhinoplasty. An accurate prediction of nasal STE thickness can improve preoperative planning for rhinoplasty, allowing implementation of pre-, intra-, and post-operative treatments to optimize the nasal STE, which may ultimately improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.
KTP Laser Treatment of Early Glottic Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study
Authors: Parker Noah P. , Weidenbecher Mark S. , Friedman Aaron D. , Walker Brian A. , Lott David G.
Published: July 2020

Objectives:

The primary objectives were to report oncologic outcomes of transoral laser microsurgery with potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser (TLM-KTP) ablation of early glottic cancer (EGC). The secondary objectives were to report vocal outcomes and to analyze factors that might influence outcomes.

Methods:

A multi-institutional, retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated for T1 or T2 glottic squamous cell carcinoma undergoing TLM-KTP ablation with at least 2 years of follow-up was performed. Patients with prior radiation or surgery for laryngeal disease were excluded.

Primary outcome measures included:

surgical failures requiring radiation or laryngectomy, disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS). Secondary outcome measures included: pre- and postoperative Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) scores. The effects of smoking status, stage, and anterior commissure involvement on outcomes were analyzed.

Results:

Overall 88 patients met inclusion criteria (83% male, 79.5% current or former smokers). Mean age was 68 (standard deviation (SD): 12). Mean follow-up was 39.5 months (SD: 15.3). Staging included 50 T1a, 21 T1b, and 20 T2 tumors, including three metachronous second primaries. Radiation and/or laryngectomy avoidance was achieved in 87/88 (98.9%) of patients, inclusive of 24 patients requiring KTP re-treatments. Two patients had biopsy-proven recurrence (2.3%), but only 21 of 24 re-treated patients received a formal biopsy. No patients died from laryngeal cancer. DSS and OS were 100% and 92.3%, respectively. The mean VHI-10 scores were 19.3 preoperatively, 3.8 at 6-months postop, and 3.8 at 2-years postop. Smokers had a longer interval to re-treatment ( P = .03), patients with T2 lesions had a shorter interval to re-treatment (0.02), and patients with T2 lesions presented with worse initial VHI-10 scores (0.002).

Conclusions:

A multi-institutional, retrospective case series of TLM-KTP ablation of EGC demonstrated excellent oncologic outcomes when close surveillance and proactive re-treatments were utilized. Disease-specific survival, overall survival, and vocal function were excellent. Additional studies are necessary to further analyze the merits and risks of this treatment approach.
Redesigned community baby showers to promote infant safe sleep
Authors: Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn R , Schunn Christy , Hervey Ashley M , Dempsey Millicent , Blackmon Sheila , Davis Brenda , Baker Trudy , Mayes Cheryl A , Torres Maria
Published: July 2020

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether participation in a community event developed using Health Belief Model constructs increased intention to follow the American Academy of Paediatrics Safe Sleep Guidelines for infants.

Design:

Observational cohort study.

Setting:

Safe Sleep Community Baby Showers held between Spring 2015 and Spring 2019.

Method:

Women attending the Safe Sleep Community Baby Showers completed pre- and post-assessments measuring intentions based on constructs derived from the Health Belief Model.

Results:

Following the Safe Sleep Community Baby Showers, significantly more of the 812 participants demonstrated positive changes in Health Belief Model constructs, including beliefs about severity and susceptibility (infant is at risk, sleeping with infant can cause death, loose blankets can cause death), benefits (putting infant alone, on back in crib will help protect), barriers (infant will [not] choke on back) and self-efficacy (know what to do). Two barriers did not result in significant change: room for crib (cot) in parents’ room and able to keep infant warm without blankets. Most reported intention to only place infant supine (99%), in safe sleep locations (97.8%) and to include only safe items (86.2%; all p < .001).

Conclusion:

Structuring a community event based on the Health Belief Model resulted in significant increases in participants intending to follow the AAP Safe Sleep Guidelines. Further work is needed to address barriers around blankets and room sharing without bed sharing. Safe Sleep Community Baby Showers can impact Health Belief Model constructs related to the AAP Safe Sleep Recommendations, which may in turn impact behaviour.
Is “Response/No Response” Too Simple a Notion for RTI Frameworks? Exploring Multiple Response Types With Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Peng Peng , Fuchs Douglas , Fuchs Lynn S. , Cho Eunsoo , Elleman Amy M. , Kearns Devin M. , Patton Samuel , Compton Donald L.
Published: July 2020

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized control trial to explore this question: Does “response/no response” best characterize students’ reactions to a generally efficacious first-grade reading program, or is a more nuanced characterization necessary? Data were collected on 265 at-risk readers’ word reading prior to and immediately following program implementation in first grade and in spring of second grade. Pretreatment data were also obtained on domain-specific skills (letter knowledge, decoding, passage comprehension, language) and domain-general skills (working memory, non-verbal reasoning). Latent profile analysis of word reading across the three time points with controls as a local norm revealed a strongly responsive group ( n = 45) with mean word-reading z scores of 0.25, 1.64, and 1.26 at the three time points, respectively; a mildly responsive group ( n = 109), z scores = 0.30, 0.47, and 0.55; a mildly non-responsive group ( n = 90), z scores = −0.11, −0.15, and −0.55; and a strongly non-responsive group ( n = 21), z scores = −1.24, −1.26, and −1.57. The two responsive groups had stronger pretreatment letter knowledge and passage comprehension than the two non-responsive groups. The mildly non-responsive group demonstrated better pretreatment passage comprehension than the strongly non-responsive group. No domain-general skill distinguished the four groups. Findings suggest response to early reading intervention was more complicated than response/no response, and pretreatment reading comprehension was an important predictor of response even with pretreatment word reading controlled.
Crippling Christian Theology as I Power My Wheelchair Out the Door
Authors: Clifton Shane
Published: July 2020

This article draws on the author’s experience of spinal cord injury to reflect on theological method and central elements of Christian theology. It uses disability theory to unmask the ablest ideology that too often frames church hierarchies and that marginalizes and excludes people with disability and others who are different, notably LGBTQI people of faith. From this perspective, it provides a critical reading of the traditional threefold Christian gospel of perfect creation, fall, and redemption as renewed perfection, arguing that vulnerability, pain, and disability are not a consequence of the fall, but the product of the creative generativity of nature. It tentatively reimagines atonement theory and redemption as a reversal of unjust marginalization (transformative grace for those who experience and perpetrate evil). Finally it considers the transformation of the soul by reference to a disability aesthetic and the truth, goodness, and beauty of God and the diverse creation. It elevates disability as beautiful and desirable, a creative gift of infinite difference.
Disability, Vocation, and Prophetic Witness
Authors: Swinton John
Published: July 2020

This paper builds on Frances Young’s suggestion that people with profound intellectual disability have a prophetic vocation. It explores the idea of vocation using the experience of intellectual disability as a critical hermeneutic that brings to the fore a perspective that views vocation as something that includes all of the Body of Christ and not just the head. The intention is to offer a different more theologically and practically inclusive perspective on vocation that might enable us to create communities where each member's vocation was valued and enabled.
How Can We Develop More Deaf Christian Leaders?
Authors: Lewis Hannah
Published: July 2020

Many churches today talk about trying to increase diversity in leadership; in some cases this includes seeking to develop more Deaf and disabled leaders. This article is a practical look, from the perspective of a Deaf scholar and practitioner in the field, at what the obstacles might be and how these obstacles might be addressed. It uses models based on Simon Western’s “eco-leadership,” and James Lawrence’s organic model of “growing leaders” to argue that to truly develop more Deaf and disabled leaders, the church needs to reevaluate its own understand of what leadership is, how it is exercised, and how leaders are developed, and concludes that if the church is able to undertake this reevaluation, the mission and ministry of the church will be enabled to flourish in a new and more positive way.
A Preregistered Study of the Effect of Shopping Satisfaction during Leisure Travel on Satisfaction with Life Overall: The Mitigating Role of Financial Concerns
Authors: Yu Grace B. , Sirgy M. Joseph , Bosnjak Michael , Lee Dong-Jin
Published: July 2020

Despite growing interest in leisure well-being and life satisfaction, there is still limited research concerning the role of perceived financial status on leisure travel experiences. The main objective of this preregistered research is to test the prediction that satisfaction with shopping experience during leisure travel contributes to the satisfaction hierarchy moderated by financial concerns. Through two surveys of online panel members in the United Kingdom, we found that satisfaction with shopping has a positive influence on satisfaction with leisure travel, which in turn has a positive influence on satisfaction with leisure life and life overall. We also corroborated that the shopping satisfaction–leisure travel satisfaction relationship is negatively moderated by overspending on shopping during travel, while the leisure travel satisfaction–leisure life satisfaction relationship is negatively moderated by current money management stress. Finally, expected future financial security has a direct positive influence on life satisfaction overall. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Ministry in laïque France: Understanding history to confront present challenges
Authors: Davis Stephen M.
Published: July 2020

This article attempts to provide insight into the challenging and changing religious context for cross-cultural ministry in France in the 21st century. Many of these challenges exist due to the religious history of France, the marginalization of religion, and the unwelcome presence of foreign missionaries in secular France. French laïcité presents a specificity in origin, definition, and evolution which arises from a unique historical context leading to the Law of Separation of Churches and state in 1905. The law abrogated the 1801 Napoleonic Concordat with the Vatican, disestablished the Roman Catholic Church, ended centuries of religious turmoil, declared state neutrality in religious matters, and continues as a subject of debate and dissension 100 years later with the emergence of Islam as the second largest religion in France. Cross-cultural workers enter a ministry context where religion has been progressively removed from public space.
Windows into the house of Islam: Including women’s spaces
Authors: Dale Moyra
Published: July 2020

We ask which windows into the house of Islam we have traditionally looked through. Perspective determines which questions are asked to understand Islam. As with other fields, Islamic studies have had a focus on official religious texts, formal religious rituals, and public space, written mostly by male scholars. A balanced approach does not assume one normative subject, but views diversity as normative, including female as well as male perspectives. Looking at a few of the areas encountered through women’s standpoints, I ask what new insights they bring in understanding how the gospel meets both Muslim men and women. Other areas also invite our exploration, for a richer understanding of women and men in the Muslim world.
Effects of Video Modeling on the Acquisition, Maintenance, and Generalization of Playing with Imaginary Objects in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Lee Gabrielle T. , Hu Xiaoyi , Liu Yanhong , Ren Yuan
Published: July 2020

Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) do not have symbolic play skills. One type of symbolic play involves playing with imaginary objects, in which a child displays play actions without actual objects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of video modeling on the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of playing with imaginary objects in young children with ASD. Three male Chinese children (aged 4–5 years) with ASD participated in this study. A multiple-probe across three behaviors design was used. The results indicated that video modeling was effective in establishing and maintaining target symbolic play behaviors for the three children. Generalization to untaught imaginary play activities occurred in all three children.
Hacking, disability, and music education
Authors: bell adam patrick , Bonin David , Pethrick Helen , Antwi-Nsiah Amanda , Matterson Brent
Published: July 2020

The purpose of our study was to examine how hacking – as discussed and displayed by participants of Monthly Music Hackathon NYC – could inform making music education practices more accessible and inclusive, if at all, for people with disabilities. Free and open to the public, Monthly Music Hackathon NYC hosts non-competitive community-based events in which participants – musicians, educators, coders, and software/hardware designers from beginner to expert – work on projects collaboratively over the course of a day to address real-world problems posed by stakeholders in their communities. Our research team consisting of the principal investigator and two research assistants attended and videorecorded the events of Monthly Music Hackathon NYC’s ‘Music AccessAbility’ hackathon. In this article, we detail what constitutes hacking at this event and how participants approached hacking disability. We discuss the potential of hacking in music education to create a more accessible and inclusive field, and the importance of championing a disability-led design model as the ethical way forward.
Maintaining Safety in the Prison Environment: A Multilevel Analysis of Inmate Victimisation in Assaults
Authors: Howard Mark V. A. , Corben Simon P. , Raudino Alessandra , Galouzis Jennifer J.
Published: July 2020

Theoretical models of victimisation emphasise the importance of context. However, few studies have assessed the influence of prison environmental variables on inmate harm in physical assaults. This study used a multilevel model approach to examine individual- and facility-level factors associated with the incidence of assaults among inmates housed at correctional centres in New South Wales, Australia. Results supported proposals that institutional routines and conditions may have an influence on risk. Inmates, who spent less time in employment, were placed in special housing arrangements such as protection, or were located in sites with higher security designations or longer routine hours out of cells were more likely to be harmed in assaults. In addition, more than 40% of variance in assaults was associated with differences across correctional centre sites. We draw on routine activities theory to explain relationships between different prison contexts, provision of guardianship, and exposure to motivated offenders in assault outcomes.
Experimental updating of a segmented wind turbine blade numerical model using the substructure method
Authors: Yangui Majdi , Bouaziz Slim , Taktak Mohamed , Haddar Mohamed
Published: July 2020

During the development of the wind turbine system, blades are considered as the most critical components. The blades’ dynamic characteristics must be investigated during the design process to improve their mechanical performance. This work presents an experimental updating of a segmented wind turbine blade numerical model. For this purpose, the blade segments were manufactured using the fused deposition 3D printing technology and assembled using a threaded spar and nut. For different values of the segments assembly load, the natural frequencies and damping ratios were identified using the eigensystem realization algorithm method. The dynamic behavior of the segmented blade was examined numerically using the three-node shell element, taking into consideration the additional stiffness generated by the applied assembly load. In this study, numerical and experimental modal analysis were used to identify the first five eigenfrequencies of the blade. To update the numerical model parameters, through the identified experimental results, an iterative method was developed based on the Craig–Bampton substructure approach. Results show that the blade natural frequencies are proportional to the segments assembly load. The application of the proposed method on the segmented blade numerical model updating shows that the present method is computationally efficient.