bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tyrosinase Inhibitor and Antioxidant Activity of Seaweed Powder from Fresh and Dried Sargassum plagyophyllum
Authors: Arifianti Ayun Erwina , Anwar Effionora , Nurjanah Nurjanah
Published: January 2018

Sargassum plagyophyllum from Sargassaceae family contains various bioactive compounds, namely
phlorotannin which is reported as an antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor. Tyrosinase inhibitor and
antioxidant activity from seaweed powder that obtained from seaweed’s slurry have not been reported. Thus,
this study was aimed to obtain the best seaweed slurry and powder from S. plagyophyllum based on tyrosinase
inhibitor and antioxidant activity, so it can be used as active substance in skin lightening cosmetic formula.
S. plagyophyllum which prepared fresh and dried was processed into seaweed slurry and lyophilization
to form powder. Antioxidant activity which was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)
radical scavenging method found the IC50 values of ascorbic acid was 0.0035 mg/mL; fresh slurry 27.31
mg/mL; dried slurry 41.13 mg/mL; fresh powder 2.21 mg/mL; and dried powder 13.18 mg/mL. Moreover,
the tyrosinase inhibitory activity which was measured by enzimatic reaction with L-tyrosine as substrate
found IC50 values kojic acid 0.0076 mg/mL; fresh powder 4.97 mg/mL; and dried powder 11.35 mg/mL. Seaweed powder obtained from fresh ingredient is the most optimal result based on its tyrosinase inhibitor
and antioxidant activity, thus potential to be developed further as active substance for lightening cosmetic
formula.
Chito-oligosaccharide by Chitosan Depolymerization Induced with Hydrogen Peroxide for application as Bio-preservative (Antimicrobial) on Traditional Fish boiled
Authors: Ridho Faqih Ali , Riyanto Bambang , Uju Uju
Published: January 2018

Chitosan has been developed for food product, agriculture, environment, and industry as medical,
pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. The depolymerization of chitosan to chito-oligosaccharide was produce on
soluble product and has better function as antimicrobial. The objective of this research was to COS with
hydrogen peroxide depolimerization for preservatives of fish boiled. Research method included chitosan
depolymerization, characterization of COS, and characterization of traditional fish boiled quality. The
optimum concentration of chito-oligosaccharide was 2% H2O2 with sonication at frequencies of 20kHz.
The treatment produced yield 93.27±0.9%, molecular weight 2.83±0.1 kDa, polymerization degree 17±0.6,
and it inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and B. cereus. The dipping with 0.25% produce the best fish
boiled quatity.
Electrode Distances Of Microbial Fuel Cell System On Salted Boiled Fish Processing Wastewater To Electricity And Pollution Load
Authors: Ibrahim Bustami , Suptijah Pipih , Agung Bagus Sukma
Published: January 2018

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a technology that can produce electricity with helping exoelectrogenic
bacteria. The technology can also utilize fishery processing wastewater as a media for bacteria to live, so
it can reduce organic pollution load in the wastewater. Purpose of this research was to identify the effect
of electrodes distance to electricity and water quality parameters of fisheries processing wastewater using
MFC technology.. The MFC system used was single chamber system. The distance between electrodes used
were 2 cm, 4 cm and 6 cm and the electrodes were made of stainless wire mesh coated with chitosan and
active carbon. The results showed that electrodes distance affected to MFC electricity within salted boiled
fish wastewater media. The average value of electric current during 48 hours observation on the distance
of 2 cm, 4 cm and 6 cm were 0.17±0.06 mA, 0.46±0.17 mA and 0.44±0.16 mA, respectively. Average values
of electric voltage on the distance of 2 cm, 4 cm and 6 cm were 0.12±0.03 V, 0.34±0.07 V and 0.37±0.08 V,
respectively. The research also showed that MFC system can decrease average value of BOD 20.5%, COD
30.41%, and TAN 21.2 % of salted boiled fish wastewater media.
Bioactive Compounds of Seaweed Sargassum plagyophyllum and Eucheuma cottonii as Lightening Raw Materials
Authors: Dolorosa Maretty Twentyna , Nurjanah N. , Purwaningsih Sri , Anwar Effionora , Hidayat Taufik
Published: January 2018

Seaweed is main commodity with abundant amount of Indonesian waters. Seaweed contains naturally bioactive compounds that acts as antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor which inhibit melanin formation and the latest approach used to skin lightening. The aim of this research were to determine chemical characterization such as heavy metal, secondary metabolite (phytochemical compounds), moisture, vitamin C and E, antioxidant activity and total plate count (TPC) on dry simplisia and slurry of S. plagyophyllum and E. cottonii. Total microbe of S. plagyophyllum amounted 2,3×102 colony⁄g with moisture content 16,71% and E. cottonii amounted 2,2×103 colony⁄g with moisture content 19,79%. Brown seaweed, S. plagyophyllum, did not contain dangerous heavy metal. Vitamin C value in both spesies of seaweed were 212,95 mg/kg for
S. plagyophyllum and 15,95 mg/kg for E. cottonii. Vitamin E of S. plagyophyllum amounted 363,86 mg/kg and 0,23 mg/kg for E. cottonii. IC50  value of S. plagyophyllum was 109 ppm and 130,62 ppm for E. cottonii. S. plagyophyllum slurry contain bioactive compound such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. E. cottonii slurry contain bioactive compound alkaloids and terpenoids.
Teseu entre as disforias da glória e as euforias do eu – as marcas da mudança na poesia romana
Authors: Lima Wellington Ferreira
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho é o produto do esforço de revisitar parte de um estudo de 10 anos atrás, que tinha escopo essencialmente estruturalista, e de submetê-lo a um debate transdisciplinar. O objetivo inicial é o de avaliar a construção da personagem Teseu no Carmen LXIV de Catulo. Uma leitura estruturalista dos discursos presente no texto apontou para uma contraposição entre as construções de Teseu e Ariadne no sistema, na forma da oposição pensamento neotérico, + lírico-passional, + eufórico versus pensamento utilitarista da arte, + heróico, + disfórico. A expansão dos resultados iniciais ao debate transdisciplinar leva à conclusão de um indicador da tendência autonomizante da poesia latina do séc. I a.C., o qual se soma a outros indicadores, reforçando a ideia de um pensamento da aísthesis da obra de arte na Roma Clássica.
A vigilância: exercício paradoxal da liberdade
Authors: Menon Jr. Walter Romero
Published: January 2018

Este ensaio busca analisar acerca do modo como dois princípios fundamentais que definem os regimes democráticos, a liberdade e a igualdade, encontram-se eminentemente ligados à necessidade de dispositivos de controle social e de vigilância. Nossa hipótese é de que quanto mais se pensa o modelo democrático segundo a radicalização desses princípios, mais, paradoxalmente, os dispositivos de controle e de vigilância são pensados como necessários à manutenção dos mesmos princípios. Nesse caso, tal necessidade se expressaria em termos de distribuição igualitária da responsabilidade pelo controle e pelo vigiar, tipificando, desse modo, ações passíveis de serem consideradas representativas das democracias de inspiração liberal.
Entre aporias, dilemas, paradoxos e labirintos – uma explicação sobre escolhas, à guisa de introdução
Authors: Coelho Maria Cecília de Miranda Nogueira
Published: January 2018

.
Drama, aporia e ironia no Mênon de Platão
Authors: Oliveira Richard Romeiro
Published: January 2018

Como é sabido, o diálogo platônico Mênon se encerra com a afirmação de uma aporia: de fato, no desfecho dessa obra, Sócrates proclama abertamente para seu interlocutor, o jovem tessálio Mênon, que nenhum conhecimento seguro foi por eles alcançado acerca daquilo que foi investigado ao longo das discussões anteriores, a saber: a questão concernente à gênese da virtude. Tal fracasso ocorre, porém, segundo o filósofo, porque não se pesquisou previamente o que é a virtude em si mesma. Estamos, assim, aparentemente, diante de uma dupla negatividade: nada sabemos acerca de como a virtude se origina, porque ignoramos a sua natureza. Valendo-se de uma abordagem que leva a sério o caráter dramático e literário do diálogo platônico, o presente artigo pretende mostrar como essa aporia final que surge ao termo das discussões do Mênon pode ser compreendida como um enunciado irônico, que envolve, nas suas entrelinhas, uma significação filosófica diferenciada em relação àquilo que é explicitamente declarado pela letra do texto.
Sarcopenia, Relative Sarcopenia and Excess Adiposity in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ziolkowski Susan L , Long Jin , Baker Joshua F , Simard Julia F , Chertow Glenn M , Leonard Mary B
Published: January 2018

Aims

Conventional definitions of sarcopenia based on lean mass fail to capture low lean mass relative to fat mass, i.e., relative sarcopenia. Unlike percent body fat (%BF) and Quételet's (body mass) index (BMI, kg/m2), definitions of obesity based on fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2) are not confounded by lean mass. The objective is to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia, relative sarcopenia, and obesity in CKD, and determine if CKD is associated with relative sarcopenia and obesity, independent of demographics and comorbidities.

Methods and Results

DXA‐derived appendicular lean mass index (ALMI, kg/m2) and FMI were assessed in 13,980 NHANES participants. ALMI, FMI, and ALMI relative to FMI (ALMI FMI) were expressed as sex‐ and race/ethnicity‐specific standard deviation scores compared with young adults (T‐scores) and by age (Z‐scores). Sarcopenia was defined as ALMI T‐score < −2, relative sarcopenia as ALMI FMI T‐score < −2, and low lean mass relative to fat mass for age as ALMI FMI Z‐score < −1. Obesity was defined using conventional BMI and %BF cutpoints and as sex‐ and race/ethnicity‐specific FMI cutpoints. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using creatinine‐ (eGFRCr) and cystatin C‐ (eGFRCys). The prevalence of relative sarcopenia was higher than the prevalence of sarcopenia, especially in CKD stages 3b and 4 using eGFRCr; these CKD stages were associated with the highest FMI. CKD stage was independently associated with low ALMI FMI for age using eGFRCys. BMI underestimated and %BF overestimated the prevalence of obesity compared with FMI. CKD was not independently associated with obesity by FMI.

Conclusions

In CKD, conventional definitions of sarcopenia underestimate muscle deficits and %BF overestimates the prevalence of obesity. CKD is independently associated with relative sarcopenia, but not excess adiposity.
Isotopic hydrograph separation in two small mountain catchments during multiple events
Authors: Holko L. , Bičárová S. , Hlavčo J. , Danko M. , Kostka Z.
Published: January 2018

Two-component isotopic hydrograph separation (IHS) was developed to determine the event- and pre-event components of a single storm event. Its application for several sucessive events requires repeated determination of isotopic signatures of end-members (precipitation, pre-event component) for each event. The existence of several possible alternative signatures results in differences in calculated contributions of event-/pre- event components. This article addresses the question of how big the differences could be in small mountain catchments with different methods for detemining the end member signatures. We analyzed data on isotopic composition of daily/event precipitation at different elevations in two catchments located in the highest part of the Carpathians in July 2014.The isotopic composition of streamflow sampled every 4-6 hours was analyzed as well. Elevational gradients of δ18O and δ2H in precipitation in the study period were -0.18 ‰ 100 m-1 and -1.1 ‰ 100 m-1, respectively. An elevation gradient in deuterium excess (0.29 ‰ 100 m-1) was also found. Precipitation on the windward side of the mountains was isotopically lighter than expected for a given rain gauge elevation. Five large rainfall-runoff events occurred in the study period in the meso-scale catchment of the Jalovecký creek (Western Tatra Mountains, area 22.2 km2) and in the headwater catchment of the Škaredý creek (High Tatra Mountains, area 1.4 km2). Isotopic hydrograph separation was conducted using eight options for the isotopic signatures of event and pre-event water. The isotopic signature of the event water (rainfall) was alternatively represented by data from high or low elevations. Pre-event water was represented either by the streamflow before the event or by the value taken from the statistics of the long-term data on isotopic composition of the stream. Both isotopes (18O and 2H) were used to calculate event water fractions during peak flows of individual events. Calculated peak flow event water fractions were below 0.2-0.3 for most events. However, the differences in calculated event water fractions for alternative isotopic composition of end-members were significant even if we did not take into account changes in isotopic composition during individual rainfalls. Coefficients of variation for event water fractions calculated for various options varied during individual events from 0.14 to 0.36. It is therefore perhaps better to use a range of possible values instead of a single accurate number to interpret the IHS results. Hydrograph separations based on 18O and 2H provided similar results.
Aplicação de planejamento experimental na otimização do processo de pós-cura de pastilhas de freio em forno contínuo
Authors: Matté Daniel , Menetrier Ademir R. , Perottoni Cláudio A.
Published: January 2018

Frequentemente o engenheiro se depara com situações onde o principal objetivo é otimizar um processo, em termos de uma ou mais respostas, respeitando as especificações do produto e vínculos impostos sobre o processo. Com o mercado automobilístico cada vez mais cada vez mais competitivo, a inserção de processos mais rápidos e de menor custo é de extrema importância para a sustentabilidade das empresas. Contribuindo no desenvolvimento dos processos de fabricação de materiais de atrito utilizados em pastilhas de freio para automóveis, este trabalho tem como objetivo otimizar o processo de pós-cura em fornos contínuos (em substituição ao processo realizado em fornos estacionários). Para isso, foram avaliadas as propriedades do material de atrito (dureza Gogan, massa específica, compressibilidade, resistência ao cisalhamento e ruído), em função das variáveis de processo, tempo de residência e temperatura de trabalho. Com auxílio da metodologia de superfície de resposta foram construídos modelos matemáticos que descrevem o comportamento das propriedades do material de atrito em função das variáveis de processo, que permitiram determinar as condições ótimas de processo. Por fim, foi realizada a análise termomecânica do material de atrito, fornecendo informações sobre o comportamento mecânico do material durante o processo em forno contínuo.  http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v6iss1p1
Modelo Terra-Lua-Sol: Uma Atividade Interdisciplinar
Authors: Puziski Marcelo , Miglioranza Silvia , Villas-Boas Valquiria , Giovannini Junior Odilon
Published: January 2018

O seguinte artigo descreve uma proposta de atividade interdisciplinar e a avaliação de uma aplicação desta com uma turma de quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Esta atividade acontece durante uma aula no laboratório de robótica e envolve as áreas da geografia, ciências, língua portuguesa e robótica. Com o intuito de construir conhecimento escolar e habilidades, durante esta aula os estudantes participam de atividades envolvendo um modelo robótico que simula os movimentos da Terra e da Lua, aqui chamado de Modelo Terra-Lua-Sol. Para tal proposta, que é baseada em conceitos de interdisciplinaridade e na teoria construcionista de aprendizagem de Seymour Papert, exploramos na introdução o conceito de interdisciplinaridade e seu significado no contexto das atividades de ensino e aprendizagem. No referencial teórico propõe-se uma relação entre a interdisciplinaridade e o Construcionismo e como essa teoria fundamenta a atividade. A avaliação da atividade considerou indicadores como a elaboração de esquemas mentais, a redação de uma carta, a promoção do trabalho em grupo e construção de uma entidade pública. A análise dos dados obtidos indicou que atividade interdisciplinar proporcionou aos estudantes o desenvolvimento do conhecimento e de habilidades.  http://dx.doi.org/10.18226/23185279.v6iss1p16
CONTAGION OF VIOLENCE OVERSEAS: THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN
Authors: ERTAN Senem , BAYAR Murat
Published: January 2018

The literature indicates that violent conflicts tend to spread across bordering countries via rebel/terrorist networks and refugees. However, this effect has not been tested for “overseas neighbours” that share the same basin. Focusing on the Mediterranean Basin, this study investigates the impact of civil and interstate conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) on terrorist attacks in Southern European countries. The findings indicate that MENA conflicts increase violence in Southern Europe, whereas this effect does not exist in other European countries. This study contributes to the literature by establishing a theoretical and empirical link for overseas contagion effect.
Authors: Silva José Alderir da
Published: January 2018

A indústria de transformação no Brasil tem apresentado um processo de desindustrialização. Desde meados da década de 1980 a indústria perde participação no PIB, passando de 32% em 1986 para cerca de 10% em 2014. Esse artigo tem por objetivo verificar em que medida a indústria de transformação dos estados da região Norte se inserem nesse processo. A região Norte possui dois estados que se destacam pela produção industrial: o Amazonas e o Pará. Assim, a análise também busca verificar se houve uma desconcentração da produção industrial para os demais estados.
A Survey of the Regulatory Requirements for BCS-Based Biowaivers for Solid Oral Dosage Forms by Participating Regulators and Organisations of the International Generic Drug Regulators Programme
Authors: Van Oudtshoorn Joy Elizabeth , García-Arieta Alfredo , Santos Gustavo Mendes Lima , Crane Christopher , Rodrigues Clare , Simon Craig , Kim Ji Myoung , Park Sang Aeh , Okada Yusuke , Kuribayashi Ryosuke , Pfäffli Chantal , Nolting Arno , Lojero10 Iván Omar Calderón , Martínez Zulema Rodríguez , Hung Wen-Yi , Braddy April C. , Leal Nancy Arciniegas , Triana Diego Gutierrez , Clarke Mitch , Bachmann Peter
Published: January 2018

Purpose:  The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based biowaiver is a scientific model which enables the substitution of in vivo bioequivalence studies with in vitro data as evidence of therapeutic equivalence subject to certain conditions. Despite being based on the same principles, BCS-based biowaivers are interpreted and regulated differently among international regulatory agencies. In this survey, the Bioequivalence Working Group (BEWG) of the International Generic Drug Regulators Programme (IGDRP) compared the criteria for BCS-based biowaivers applied by the participating regulators and organisations. Methods:  Differences and similarities regarding solubility, permeability, dissolution, excipients and fixed-dose combination products, were identified and compared in a detailed survey of each participant’s criteria for BCS-based biowaivers. These criteria were determined based upon the participants’ respective regulatory guidance documents, policies and practices. Results: This review has, with the exception of two participants who do not accept BCS-based biowaivers, revealed that most IGDRP participants interpret the BCS principles and conditions similarly but notable differences exist in the application of these principles.  Conclusion: Although many similarities exist, this review identifies several opportunities for greater convergence of regulatory requirements amongst the surveyed jurisdictions. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page
Environmental and Social Aspects of Supplier Relationship Management
Authors: Sosnowski Piotr Cezary , Bojanowska Anna
Published: January 2018

Due to the rapid growth of significance of sustainable development in recent years, there have been many ideas regarding the practical application of environmental and social concepts in business management. Many of these concepts include the field of supply chain management, which is also a very evolutionary issue. One of the main areas of supply chain management is supplier relationship management. Our goal is to present environmental and social aspects of supplier relationship management taking into consideration individual approaches of specific researchers and to aggregate the gathered information. As a research tool, we used literature analysis, taking into account current works of researchers.
Highly D‑efficient Weighing Design and Its Construction
Authors: Ceranka Bronisław , Graczyk Małgorzata
Published: January 2018

In this paper, some aspects of design optimality on the basis of spring balance weighing designs are considered. The properties of D‑optimal and D‑efficiency designs are studied. The necessary and sufficient conditions determining the mentioned designs and some new construction methods are introduced. The methods of determining designs that have the required properties are based on a set of incidence matrices of balanced incomplete block designs and group divisible designs.
THE ROLE OF THE ISLAMIC EDUCATION SUBJECT AND LOCAL TRADITION IN STRENGTHENING NATIONALISM OF THE BORDER SOCIETY (STUDY IN TEMAJUK VILLAGE SAMBAS REGENCY OF WEST BORNEO)
Authors: Muzayanah Umi
Published: January 2018

Temajuk village is one of the areas in the regency of Sambas, West Borneo, which is a bordering area with Malaysia. The location which is far from the center of government and close to the territory of another country can, to some extent, threaten the border society’s nationalism. Through a qualitative approach, this study examined the role of the Islamic education subject (PAI) and the local tradition (Saprahan) in strengthening the nationalism of the border people. The results showed that at least there are three teaching materials of Islamic Education (PAI) relevant to the values of nationalism i.e., democracy, tolerance, and unity and harmony. Such materials have a strategic role in providing nationalism reinforcement for students at a senior high school level. Meanwhile, the Saprahan tradition which has been held fast by Temajuk people showed that their nationalism principles are contained therein, i.e., unity, equality, and performance. The tradition also has a social function for the inhabitants of Temajuk to meet their basic and secondary needs.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF OCEANIC VERSES OF THE QUR’AN AND ITS RELEVANCE TO INDONESIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Djamil Agus S , Kartanegara Mulyadhi
Published: January 2018

The Qur’an is not merely a transcendental or spiritual Holy Scripture, but it also establishes itself as the full assurance and un-doubtful scripture that gives guidance and its explanation thereof. Oceanic versesare certain selected ayats or verses of the Qur’an that contain words of ‘ocean’ and ‘sea’ in several terms such as bahr, bahri, bahru, bihar, bahrayn, bahran, abhur, and bahiratun. These verses have been examined in classical and contemporary studies by putting together earlier exegeses with modern scientific records and field observations but not in terms of established theories, nor through socio-economic paralellistic approach. This paper focuses on the semantics and ontology of oceanic verses and paralellistic approach as they were revealed and found in 42 verses in the Qur’an. Keywords in those verses were studied to enable us to build and lead us to practical benefit in science, technology and methodology. The interpretation of Qur’anic verses pertaining to ocean phenomena offers an alternative interpretation on several relevant issues, including fire/energy within ocean; two oceans that do not mingle; the darkness of the ocean deep; the ocean boundaries; the layers of the ocean; and the abundance wealth and benefits from ocean for mankind. Indonesia is blessed with the ability to combine the Qur’an containing plenty of oceanic guidance and its geographical position as the most strategic archipelago on earth. Cascading the oceanic verses into daily da’wah and weekly Friday sermon is a necessary means to reap the ontological benefits of the blessing Qur’an and of dwelling in the largest marine continent of Indonesia.
BUILDING HARMONY THROUGH RELIGIOUS RECEPTION IN CULTURE: LESSON LEARNED FROM RADIN JAMBAT FOLKTALE OF LAMPUNG
Authors: Iswanto Agus
Published: January 2018

Understanding existed various religious receptions in culture provides a great opportunity for building and nurturing the harmony among religious followers and for enhancing solidarity within the society. This article uncovers receptions of religious aspects (ultimate truth/God, cosmological and religious ritual aspects) in the cultural products of Radin Jambat, a folktale from Lampung, Indonesia. This paper is based on the analysis of Radin Jambat folktale text, interviews, as well as additional library research of the Lampung cultural literary sources. Religious receptions as shown in Radin Jambat folktale indicate the preservation of past beliefs, coupled with the gentle addition and inclusion of Islamic teachings, to create harmony between religion and tradition through folktale. This study is evidence that Islam has been accepted by the societies of Lampung through gradual processes and varied receptions in terms of cultural values. This article shows that the important meaning of Radin Jambat folktale is a solid documentation to related sources about the concepts and practices of harmony among religious followers in Indonesia in the local tradition of Lampung with regards to cultural reception.
POLITICAL VIEW AND ORIENTATION OF THE ROHIS MEMBERS TOWARD THE FORM OF THE STATE
Authors: Wibowo A.M
Published: January 2018

This study aims at describing the model of religious value transmission communication that occurs in Rohis organization as a form of Islamic proselytizing, at viewing the students’ view toward the form of the state government, and at viewing the political orientation of the Rohis members. By using the qualitative approach, this study has successfully gathered the following findings. First, the model of religious value transmission through the Rohis organization is the one way traffic communication. This transmission process involves communicators namely the mentor, the Rohis coaching teachers, da’i/mubaligh from values mass organization background (political parties and non-government organizations), and alumni. The internalization of such religious attitude has been conducted both verbally and non-verbally using the social media (WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter, and Line). Second, the Rohis members had peculiar political view and orientation in relation to the leader and the form of the state. In relation to the leader, the Rohis members will vote for the male and Islamic leader. Then, in relation to the form of the state there are two groups among the Rohis members. One group demands the Unified State of Indonesian Republic (NKRI, Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia), while the other group demands the Islamic state. However, the supporters of the unified republic are quite bigger than those of Islamic state.
Modeling the hybrid seedling performance of forage sorghum and silage corn under Jordan irrigation conditions
Authors: Massimi M. , Anandhi A. , Haseeb M. , Lorenzo. A.
Published: January 2018

The beta casein gene (CSNS2) has 12 genetic variants divided into two groups: the first group (A1, B, and G) which differ from the second group (A2, A3 C, D, E, F, H, H2 and I) where A base replaces C base, this leads to potential liberation of a bioactive peptide, b-casomorphin, upon digestion where a histidine replaces a proline at position 67. The allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) was evaluated to distinguish between the beta casomorphin releasing variants (A1 and B) and the non-releasing variants. The sequence analysis was used to determine these variants and confirm it in goat, sheep and cattle. The results showed that cattle carrying allele A1 either homozygous or heterozygous more than sheep and goats. The allele frequency of A1 and A2 is 0.44, 0.56 in goats, 0.43, 0.57 in sheep and 0.54, 0.46 in cattle, respectively. The sequence results reported changing of C base to A base in goat, sheep and cattle. Therefore, this study reported that goat and sheep milk was more safe than cattle milk.
Antioxidant activity in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars under the pathogenesis of foliar fungal disease complex
Authors: Mahadik V. B. , Mali N. S.
Published: January 2018

A field experiment was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity using two varieties (Nari-38 and Nari-6) and two hybrids (Nari-H-23 and Nari-NH-1) of safflower under the pathogenesis of foliar fungal disease complex involving Alternaria leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot,Ramularia leaf spot, powdery mildew and rust. The enzymatic antioxidant like catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase and nonenzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid, proline, reduced glutathione and a-tocopherol were analyzed under pathogenesis. It was observed that catalase activity and ascorbic acid were declined while, activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, proline, reduced glutathione and a-tocopherol were increased in infected leaves of all safflower cultivars over healthy leaves. The altered antioxidant profile in infected leaves of all safflower cultivars could be pertained with induced resistance against oxidative stress to combat foliar fungal disease complex.
Fertilizer responsiveness of short duration improved finger millet genotypes to different levels of NPK fertilizers
Authors: Triveni U. , Rani Y. Sandhya , Patro T.S. S.K. , Anuradha N. , Divya M.
Published: January 2018

A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Vizianagaram, during Kharif, 2016 under rainfed conditions to know the fertilizer responsiveness of promising finger millet varieties to graded doses of NPK fertilizers. Twenty treatment combinations were tested in split- plot design with three replications. Experimental results revealed that with 125% RDF grain yield increase was 10%, 27% and 48% higher than 100% RDF, 75% RDF and 50% RDF respectively. Among the finger millet genotypes, grain yield of VL-379(2037 kg/ha) and VL-352(1989 kg/ha) was significantly high and was at par with national check variety VR-708(1959 kg/ha). Both the test varieties (VL-379 and VL-352) were far superior to local check variety in terms of growth and yield characteristics. Higher net monetary returns and B:C ratio were obtained with VL-379, followed by VR-708 and VL-352 at 125% RDF.
Physico-chemical characterisation and fertility rating of maize growing soils from hilly zone of Shivamogga district, Karnataka
Authors: Niranjana K. S. , Yogendra K. , Mahadevan K. M.
Published: January 2018

Physico-chemical characterisation and fertility rating of surface soils (0-15 cm) was studied in 130 representative samples of different locations from maize growing areas from hilly zone of Shivamoga district of Karnataka.The soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam in texture with bulk density varying from 1.43 to 1.49 Mg m-3. The study revealed that the majority of the soils were medium to highly acidic with non-saline nature and high in organic carbon status. The available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were low in fertility status. The exchangeable calcium and magnesium contents were marginal to adequate and varied from 2.10 to 6.90 cmol (p+) kg-1 and 0.50 to 3.30 cmol (p+) kg-1, respectively. The available sulphur ranged from 6.25 to 24.86 ppm. The soils were comparatively low to high in iron and manganese contents and were low in copper,zinc and boron contents. Hence, the nutrient management of maize growing soils plays an important role in maintaining the soil fertility and high productivity in hilly zone of Karnataka.
An overview of use of precision farming technologies by the farmers- A case study of North Eastern Karnataka
Authors: K. Shruthi , Hiremath G. M. , Joshi Amrutha T.
Published: January 2018

Agriculture in future can be expected to be competitive, knowledge-intensive and market driven. Modern frontier technologies involving systems approach towards efficient crop and input management, land and water use planning are essential for Indian agriculture to meet the challenges in the present context. Further, increasing the productivity level of a pollution free technological factor of production is inevitable. With this concern the present study was carried out in North Eastern parts of Karnataka state, where the precision farming technology was implemented. Hence, an attempt has been made through present paper to study the extent of usage of precision farming technologies at farm level. The technologies implemented were GPS, GIS, variable rate applications of inputs, crop sensors etc. Adopters were aware of benefits of management aspects like size of grid, soil sampling, soil analysis, variable rate of application of fertilizers, laser levelling and harvesting by grids. But still, precision farming has yet to take its firm ground in India by moving from its infant stage. This is possible by dissemination of technology and its benefits by bringing awareness among farming community through efforts of Department of Agriculture by using SAUs and NGOs as channels.
Efektivitas antibakteri senyawa katekin dari ekstrak daun teh (Camelia sinensis L. var assamica) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Rustanti Elly
Published: January 2018

Daun teh adalah salah satu bahan alam yang dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri. Zat tersebut dapat juga digunakan sebagai pengawet alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan daun teh sebagai antibakteri alami dalam menghambat bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens. Proses ekstraksi dauh teh yang dilakukan dengan metode maserasi. Pemisahan ekstrak daun teh (katekin) dilakukan dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) analitik  dengan variasi eluen yaitu etil asetat:air:asam format (18:1:1), toluena:aseton:asam format (3:3:1) dan  kloroform:metanol:air (6,5:3,5:1). Hasil KLT analitik menunjukkan bahwa eluen terbaik adalah etil asetat:air:asam format. Eluen tersebut  digunakan untuk pemisahan menggunakan KLT preparatif. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa isolat 2 dari ekstrak daun teh memberikan efektivitas terbaik sebagai antibakteri P. Fluorescens dengan zona hambat  23,3 mm.
Analisis Foto Jurnalistik Bencana Gunung Sinabung
Authors: Syahir Syahir , Fransiska Selly
Published: January 2018

Analysis of Journalism Photo of Sinabung Mountain Disaster (Study On SINDOnews.com News Site) was analyzed by using Pierce semiotics that was about sign, object, and interpretant. Data sources were primary data sources (photographs) and secondary data sources (literature that supports primary data such as dictionaries, internet, theses, books). The method used in this study is a qualitative research method that is descriptive analysis, ie research that provides an objective picture, with Pierce analysis of photojournalism. Of the total images posted since April 2, 2015 to May 5, 2015. This study chose 11 representative journalistic photos. Photo journalism classified from the category of preaching photo before Mount Sinabung erupted, when the volcano erupted, the impact of the eruption of Mount Sinabung and the response from the Sinabung disaster. The conclusion of the research showed that 1. From every area rubric, most of the news published was spot news. This can be seen from the rubric of North Sumatera about Sinabung mountain disaster. 2. From the results of Pierce's semiotics analysis on the SINDOnews.com news site about Sinabung mountain disaster, obtained that each photo displayed must have their respective elements, especially for the caption element, should be more.
Metode Dakwah Rasulullah SAW kepada Golongan Non Muslim di Madinah
Authors: Nur Dalinur M
Published: January 2018

Da'wah is a call to believe in Allah SWT, dakwah is not a special task to a particular person but to all Moslems. In delivering da'wah required various methods and strategies in order the message of da'wah is accepted to the mad'unya. At the time of Rasulullah SAW, the method of dakwah used to non-Muslims in Medina was da'wah through writing (Da'wah bil Al-Qalam). He sent messengers, who carried Islamic invitations which addressed to Heraclius (Roman Emperors), King Negus (Ruler of Ethiopia), Khusrau (Persian Ruler), and other great leaders. This is motivated by the Hudaibiyah Peace Agreement, political and theological. The contents of the Prophet's message of propaganda send to the kings was amazing, always preceded by Basmalah, some letters also include verses of the Qur'an. The composition of the sentence in the letter of the Prophet SAW always preceded the phrase "From Muhammad, the servant of Allah, and his messenger", then mention the name of the king who became the object and mention his position and power. The message by Rasulullah SAW gives persuasive value to invite kings to embrace Islam. Besides writing method Rasulullah SAW delivered dakwah to the non-Muslims in Medina was lack of coercion in embracing Islam, equality, fairness, honesty, rahmah and goodness.
Farklı Toprak Tiplerinde Yetiştirilen Sanayi Domatesinde Son Sulama Uygulamalarının Verim ve Meyve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: Nas Yahya , Duman İbrahim , Ul Mehmet Ali
Published: January 2018

 

Bu çalışma,  Türkiye’de sanayi domatesi yetiştiriciliğinde

önemli bir yeri olan İzmir-Torbalı bölgesinde farklı toprak koşullarında

uygulanan hasat öncesi son sulama uygulamalarının verim ve bazı meyve kalite

özelliklerindeki değişime olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015 yılı

döneminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma TAT Gıda A.Ş ile birlikte çalışan farklı

üreticilere ait kumlu-tın bünyeli (C1), siltli-tın bünyeli (C2) ve killi-tın

bünyeli (E) parsellerde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada

her üç toprak tipinde de hasattan 15 gün önce, 10 gün önce ve 5 gün önce sulama

uygulamaları durdurulmuştur.  Çalışma

sonucunda en yüksek verim 15073 kg/da ile siltli-tınlı toprakta ve

hasattan 10 gün önce son sulama uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde

en düşük meyve güneş yanıklığı oranı da yine aynı toprak bünyesinde  (siltli-tın) %10.53 ve killi-tın toprakta

%6.53 ile yine 10 gün önce durdurulan son su uygulamasından elde edilmiştir.

Ancak en yüksek briks değeri (%6.23) ise diğer uygulamalara göre hasattan 5 gün

önce durdurulan son sulama uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada en düşük

pH değeri de (4.91) yine 5 gün önce durdurulan son sulama uygulamasından elde

edilmiştir. Son sulamanın hasattan 15 gün önce yapıldığı uygulama ise elde

edilen verim ve kalite özellikleri açısından uygulamalar arasında genelde en

son sırada yer almıştır. En yüksek meyve güneş yanıklık değeri kontrol parseli

ile birlikte bu uygulamadan elde edilmiştir.
Letter to the Editor: Infectious Mononucleosis and Cholestatic Hepatitis
Authors: Santos Vitorino Modesto
Published: January 2018

N/A
E Tudo o Fogo Queimou: Vivências dos Médicos de Família Após o Grande Incêndio de 15 de Outubro de 2017
Authors: Carvalho Ana Sofia , Marques Sara , Rosário Frederico
Published: January 2018

N/A.
Pneumatocele, Pneumocephalus or Aerocele
Authors: Zelinova Jana , Custódio Marta , Marques Anabela Salgueiro
Published: January 2018

- / -
Carta ao Editor. Antagonistas da Vitamina K em Hemodiálise: Será o Benefício Superior ao Risco?
Authors: Godinho Iolanda , Weigert André
Published: January 2018

- / -
Contribuição para uma compreensão ontológica dos Precedentes Judiciais
Authors: Pedron Flávio Quinaud , Ommati José Emílio Medauar
Published: January 2018

O objetivo do presente texto é buscar o estabelecimento de uma compreensão contemporânea da figura dos precedentes – figuras típicas da tradição do common law, mas que não são, de modo algum, estranhos ou contraditórios para a tradição do civil law – a partir de dois eixos interpretativos: primeiro, partindo dos instrumentais fornecidos pela História do Direito, tomando os contributos do pensamento de Koselleck e sua história dos conceitos; depois, a partir de uma reflexão promovida pelo pensamento de Dworkin e sua teoria do direito como Integridade. Por tudo isso, temos que nossa preocupação passa por tematizar simultaneamente uma tensão entre passado-presente e futuro-presente, sem reduzir Integridade à mera coerência, o que somente dessa forma, poderá preservar a legitimidade democrática e a racionalidade das decisões jurisdicionais contemporâneas. Para o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, faremos uso de uma metodologia historiográfico-crítica para sua primeira parte e jurídico-descritiva, no momento posterior.
Liberdade de Consciência e Liberdade Religiosa em um Estado Constitucional – Como visa proteger
Authors: Chiassoni Pierluigi
Published: January 2018

Os Estados Constitucionais têm compromisso com a proteção às liberdades de pensamento e religiosa. Esse compromisso, no entanto, é desafiador por dois motivos: primeiro, porque requer delicada resolução de problemas conceituais, de proteção, que têm ligação com as noções individuais de liberdade de consciência e de religião, o conteúdo exato dessas duas liberdades e seus inter-relacionamentos; depois, porque requer o desenvolvimento de estratégias de proteção para problemas que dizem respeito à identificação da melhor forma de executar essa tarefa. Este trabalho está dividido em duas partes. Na primeira, argumentou-se sobre como lidar com problemas conceituais com base em um conceito liberal e individualista de liberdade de consciência. Nesta segunda, faz-se um esboço de uma doutrina para proteção da liberdade de consciência em uma sociedade religiosa, que defende a concessão de um direito geral à objeção de consciência tanto de forma negativa quanto positiva.
Evaluating Pharmacist Level of Involvement in disease Prevention Activities in Nigeria
Authors: David U Adje  , Azuka C Oparah
Published: January 2018

Evidence exists in literature to support involvement of community pharmacists in a broad range of preventive health activities especially in developed countries. There is a need to explore extent of pharmacists’ involvement in resource limited countries. The objectives of this study were to describe community pharmacists’ involvement in disease prevention strategies and explore facilitators and barriers to involvement. A forty item pretested self- completion questionnaire with 0.944 reliability was administered to a convenient sample of 500 community pharmacists in 3 major cities in Nigeria. Self- reported involvement  in preventive health strategies was evaluated on a 5 point response scale ranging from 1 (Not involved at all ) to 5 (very much involved). Response rate was 90.6% (453/500). Mean scores on face to face delivery of preventive health service was consistently higher than leaflet or text message. Pharmacists were mostly involved in preventive health services in the area of hypertension mean (4.38±0.91) followed by Diabetes (4.35±0.86)  ST1 (4.27±0.84) and weight reduction (3.39±1.37). Areas of least involvement include osteoporosis (2.2±1.25), hyperlipidemia (2.9±1.43), travel health (2.33±1.33) and cancer risk assessment (1.67±0.96). Lack of adequate training was the most frequent reason for low level of involvement. Community pharmacists in Nigeria are involved to varying extent in a wide range of preventive health activities. Areas of low involvement in this study indicate a need for capacity building in order to increase level of community pharmacist involvement in preventive health activities.
Identification of Common Ways for Thalassemia Awareness in Medical and Non-medical Professionals
Authors: Daniyal Ahmed  , Humaira Zafar  , Kiran Tauseef Bukhari  , Muhammad Nauman Nawaz  , Muhammad Ammar
Published: January 2018

To identify the common ways of thalassemia awareness in medical and non-medical professions. A simple random sampling technique was used for 130 (N) participants. A designed questionnaire with multiple sections (Demographics, Awareness about Diagnosis, Management and Prevention) for the study was used. The data was analyzed for frequency in terms of percentages by using SPSS version 23. Participants that were asked about have they ever heard about thalassemia, 95% (n=123) of selected participants said yes while 5% (n=7) of selected participants said they had never heard about thalassemia before, in which non-medical employees and non-medical students were included. When those participants were asked where did they heard about thalassemia, participants that were related to medical profession either they were medical students and doctors or were from para-medical students and employees mostly heard about thalassemia from literature as thalassemia is present in their curriculum while for participants from non-medical profession either employees or students had mostly heard from Television, Friends and Social Media. When participants were asked about the kind of disease, majority 85% (n=110) knew that it is hereditary but some participants 5% (n=6) said thalassemia is caused due to dietary deficiency and 3% (n=4) said they do not have any information about its kind while remaining 2-3% of participants said that thalassemia is contagious or occurs due to an allergic reaction. The commonest information media was television, for spreading awareness regarding health related problems such as Thalassemia. Participants related to medical profession either doctors or para-medical staffs are well aware as compare to the participants from non-medical profession.
Pharmacognostic and Physicochemical Standardization of Nigella sativa and Allium cepa Seeds
Authors: Arif Ahmad Rather  , Kirti Jain
Published: January 2018

Standardization is the code of conduct in order to ensure the proper identification, authentication and also for the standardization of crude herbal drugs. The quality of herbal drugs is the sum of all factors which contribute directly or indirectly to the safety, effectiveness and acceptability of the product. Towards authentication and quality assurance of medicinal plants, pharmacognostic, physicochemical studies of Nigella sativa and Allium cepa seeds were performed. The macroscopic and physicochemical parameters like ash value, loss on drying, foaming index, swelling index, extractive values and fluorescence analysis were carried out as per WHO guidelines. The findings of Pharmacognostic and physicochemical studies can be used as markers in the identification and standardization of Nigella sativa and Allium cepa seeds as a herbal remedy and also towards monograph development on the plant. Further it assists in validating this raw material for use in herbal formulations in the upcoming era.
TECHNOLOGY OF E-GOVERNMENT ACCEPTANCE ANALYSIS ON ELECTRONIC RESIDENT IDENTIFICATION CARD (E-KTP) ADOPTION
Authors: Kartikasari Agustina Dias , Jaryono Jaryono , Daryono Daryono
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of Technology Readiness Index (TRI) toward Technology Perceptions that will determine the Actual Usage of e-KTP adoption by taking of 50 people which is the all the population as the respondents. This study investigates the relationship between the personality dimensions of TRI (Technology Readiness Index) and the system specific dimensions of TAM (Technology Acceptance Model). Multiple regressions was used to test the relationship between the dimensions of TRI and TAM. The results show that Optimism influence perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Innovativeness and Discomfort influence perceived ease of use. Further, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use has a significant positive influence on actual usage.