bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of Poverty and Cancer
Authors: Pengli Cheng , Caihong Li
Published: November 2021

In some relatively undeveloped rural areas of China, cancer is deeply
entangled with poverty and other social problems. This study discusses
a state-owned farm in Jiangxi, where residents believed that cancer was
caused by pollution from a local glass factory and phosphorus fertilizer
plant. Our analysis of what the villagers considered ‘iron proof’ could
not confirm an association between cancer and pollution from existing
industries, but despite this, residents took their evidence and petitioned
various levels of government. Their persistence was fuelled by their resentment
of their relative disadvantage in relation to surrounding villages
and their desire to get the government to improve their water supply. The
case illustrates how different social problems become ‘bundled,’ and how
emotions shape perceptions of risk.
Villagers Strategies for Mitigating Environmental Health Risks
Authors: Ajiang Chen , Pengli Cheng
Published: November 2021

The unclear scientific relationship between pollution and cancer, combined
with weak governance systems, means that villagers have only
incomplete information about pollution and disease. Their own lack of
scientific knowledge is a further obstacle to their accurate perception
of health risks. But villagers do not just resign themselves to their fate.
They use the social structure and cultural mechanisms of the ‘familiar
society’, to maximize their use of available information, and they rely on
their life experience and common-sense strategies to mitigate the impact
of pollution. Village social structure also affects the actions villagers
take to avoid pollution. Thus, although they lack scientific guidance in
mitigating health risks from pollution, their actions are informed by their
own unique empirical logic.
Des mémoires « irréconciliables » du Rwanda au sein de l’armée française ?
Authors: Smith Etienne
Published: November 2021

Cet article propose une brève analyse de la façon dont le rapport Duclert décortique l’implication militaire française au Rwanda entre 1990 et 1994. Comme le rapport le met bien en lumière, cet engagement est, dès le départ, traversé de tensions. La mémoire de ces opérations militaires au sein de l’institution ne fera pas non plus l’objet d’un consensus malgré les tentatives de l’association France Turquoise d’imposer un récit univoque. Après la porte entrouverte par la mission d’information parlementaire en 1998, le rapport marque une rupture en donnant une caution institutionnelle à des voix moins médiatisées, mais plus lucides, dans les armées. On pourra regretter cependant que la commission Duclert n’ait pas su, ou pu, approfondir certains aspects, comme les relations sur le terrain entre officiers français et officiers des Forces armées rwandaises, en particulier la fabrique du renseignement ou le recours éventuel à une stratégie indirecte plus discrète.
Le Rwanda, une obsession française
Authors: Diop Boubacar Boris
Published: November 2021

Article disponible aussi en version wolofLe rapport de la Commission de recherche sur les archives françaises relatives au Rwanda et au génocide des Tutsi remis le 26 mars 2021 au président Emmanuel Macron n’est pas le premier à se pencher sur les responsabilités de la France. En décembre 1998, la mission Quilès publiait, après huit mois d’enquête, un volumineux document sur une éventuelle implication de Paris dans le génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda. Le choix des députés de s’en tenir à un simple travail d’information laissait présager d’une conclusion écrite à l’avance : ils invitaient les Rwandais à accepter d’être responsables de leur propre histoire, tout en égratignant au passage les Nations unies et, par petites allusions perfides, l’Amérique de Bill Clinton. De façon tout aussi prévisible, le rôle de Paris dans la tragédie était complètement nié. Tout juste reprochait-on au régime de François Mitterrand des erreurs d’appréciation dues à une trop grande proximité avec le régime corrompu, raciste et violent de Juvénal Habyarimana... Lire la suite
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of COVID-19 Infection in Patients Presenting to A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Batool Huma , Karamat Asifa , Waheed Khalid , Anwar Sohail , Haider Syed Arslan , Naqvi Syed Mazhar Ali , Javed Munaza
Published: November 2021

Background and Objective: COVID-19 disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) having a wide variety of clinical features ranging from asymptomatic carriers to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. The objective of the study was to analyze the spectrum of different symptoms, laboratory findings and complications in patients who were admitted in either COVID ward or intensive care unit (ICU) of a local hospital.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of the medical records of 100 COVID-19 disease patients with PCR detected SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected. Participant information was retrospectively obtained from the hospital medical records which included clinical records and laboratory findings. All statistical analyses were done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.8 ±5.86 with male predominance (79%). Most frequent co-morbidities were diabetes mellitus (42%) and hypertension (36%). Most frequent symptoms were fever (95.9%) and fatigue (95.9%) followed by dry cough (86.5%), myalgia (85.1) and shortness of breath (70%). Amongst the patients admitted, leukocyte count was 10.95 x 103, C-reactive protein (CRP) was 12.8mg/dl, ferritin was 730.8ng/ml and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) was found to be 1254.7 U/l. Hepatic and renal functions were borderline deranged.

Conclusion: COVID-19 disease has a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms. Patients with raised inflammatory markers have severe disease and are more likely in need of an ICU care. By carefully observing these markers may help in better management of COVID-19 disease.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENGURANGAN NYERI PERSALINAN DI PUSKESMAS BANDAR KHALIFAH
Authors: Sari Juita , Supiani Butet
Published: November 2021

Pengurangan nyeri persalinan dapat diatasi salah satunya dengan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Pengurangan Nyeri Persalinan di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Tahun 2020.  

Penelitian ini menggunakan Pre-Experimental Design dengan pendekatan one-group pretest-posttes design.Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada 01 Agustus 2020 sampai dengan 31 Agustus 2020.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil Trimester III yang melakukan kunjungan di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Accidental  sampling berjumlah 30orang.

Hasil Penelitian didapat bahwa Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Pengurangan Nyeri Persalinan sebelum diberikan Pendidikan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Tahun 2020adalah dengan kategori cukup baik, Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Pengurangan Nyeri Persalinan sesudah diberikan Pendidikan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Tahun 2020adalah dengan kategori baik. hasil uji paired t-testdidapat nilai p- 0,0001< α=0,05 maka H0 ditolak artinya Terdapat Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Pengurangan Nyeri Persalinan di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Tahun 2020.

Saran dalam penelitian ini diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini andar Khalifah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan terus melakukan pendidikan kesehatan yang terprogram dan dilakukan berkesinambungan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang pengurangan nyeri persalinan.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu tentang Tumbuh Kembang Balita di Klinik Bidan Novi
Authors: Siregar Eka Sylviana
Published: November 2021

Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) menjadi indikator kesehatan pertama dalam menentukan derajat kesehatan anak. Data RISKESDAS 2018 untuk daerah Mandailing Natal dalam Proporsi pemantauan pertumbuhan dalam 12 bulan terakhir pada anak 0-59 bulan menurut Kabupaten/Kota di provinsi Sumatera Utara yaitu yang melakukan timbang berat badan sebanyak 231 orang (47,96 %) dengan frekuensi < 8 kali 70,70%, > 8kali 22,20%, serta diukur panjang badan/tinggi badan dengan frekuensi 1kali 14% dan >2 kali 76,32 %. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasional. Tehknik Pengambilan Sampel penelitian ini adalah total sampling sebanyak 35 orang. Hasil Penelitian, analisis uji Chi-Square diketahui bahwa nilai signifikan p value sebesar 0,027. Karena nilai p lebih kecil dari 0,05 (0,027<0,05) maka Ha diterima sehingga pada penelitian ini terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dengan tumbuh kembang balita di Klinik Bidan Novi Tahun 2020. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik cenderung mempunyai sikap menerima dan positif terhadap tumbuh kembang balita. Diharapkan Bagi Tempat Penelitian, Institusi, Responden dan peneliti selanjutnya, agar memperhatikan tumbuh kembang balita, sehingga dapat mencapai hasil yang optimal.
MENANAMKAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI KEGIATAN PEMBIASAAN DI SD NEGERI 2 TAMBAKAN KECAMATAN GUBUG KABUPATEN GROBOGAN
Authors: JASMANA JASMANA
Published: November 2021

Habituation activities are a process of forming attitudes and behaviors that are relatively permanent and automatically through a learning process that is repeated and carried out outside of class hours. Habituation is part of character education from character education which is carried out repeatedly in response to the same stimulus. The purpose of writing the article is to describe the habituation program carried out at SD Negeri 2 Tambakan, Gubug District, Grobogan Regency by guiding to shape the character of students. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method, so the results of this study are: 1) The habituation program of SD Negeri 2 Tambakan, Gubug District, Grobogan Regency consists of 4 activities, namely routine activities, spontaneous activities, programmed activities and exemplary activities. 2) Character values ??that are applied and shown are religious, care for the environment, responsibility, honesty, and tolerance. 3). The obstacles in implementing character education in SD Negeri 2 Tambakan, Gubug District, Grobogan Regency are environmental factors, student factors, family factors and teacher factors.

ABSTRAKKegiatan pembiasaan merupakan proses pembentukan sikap dan perilaku yang relatif menetap dan secara otomatis melalui proses pembelajaran yang berulang-ulang dan dilaksanakan di luar jam pelajaran. Pembiasaan merupakan bagian pendidikan budi pekerti dari pendidikan berkarakter yang dilaksanakan secara berulang sebagai respon terhadap stimulus yang sama. Tujuan penulisan artikel adalah untuk mendeskripsikan program pembiasaan yang dilakukan di SD Negeri 2 Tambakan Kecamatan Gubug Kabupaten Grobogan dengan cara membimbing untuk membentuk karakter siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, sehingga hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) Program pembiasaan SD Negeri 2 Tambakan Kecamatan Gubug Kabupaten Grobogan terdiri atas 4 kegiatan yaitu kegiatan rutin, kegiatan spontan, kegiatan terprogram dan kegiatan keteladanan. 2) Nilai karakter yang diterapkan dan ditunjukan yaitu religius, peduli lingkungan, tanggung jawab, jujur, dan toleransi. 3). Hambatan dalam penerpan pendidikan karakter di SD Negeri 2 Tambakan Kecamatan Gubug Kabupaten Grobogan adalah faktor lingkungan, faktor peserta didik, faktor keluarga dan faktor guru.
Refining an ensemble of volcanic ash forecasts using satellite retrievals: Raikoke 2019
Authors: Capponi Antonio , Harvey Natalie J. , Dacre Helen F. , Beven Keith , Saint Cameron , Wells Cathie A. , James Mike R.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Volcanic ash advisories are produced by specialised forecasters who combine several sources of observational data and volcanic ash dispersion model outputs based on their subjective expertise. These advisories are used by the aviation industry to make decisions about where it is safe to fly. However, both observations and dispersion model simulations are subject to various sources of uncertainties that are not represented in operational forecasts. Quantification and communication of these uncertainties are fundamental for making more informed decisions. Here, we develop a data assimilation technique which combines satellite retrievals and volcanic ash transport and dispersion model (VATDM) output, considering uncertainties in both data sources. The methodology is applied to a case study of the 2019 Raikoke eruption. To represent uncertainty in the VATDM output, 1000 simulations are performed by simultaneously perturbing the eruption source parameters, meteorology and internal model parameters (known as the prior ensemble). The ensemble members are filtered, based on their level of agreement with Himawari satellite retrievals of ash column loading, to produce a posterior ensemble that is constrained by the satellite data and its uncertainty. For the Raikoke eruption, filtering the ensemble skews the values of mass eruption rate towards the lower values within the wider parameters ranges initially used in the prior ensemble (mean reduces from 1 Tg h−1 to 0.1 Tg h−1). Furthermore, including satellite observations from subsequent times increasingly constrains the posterior ensemble. These results suggest that the prior ensemble leads to an overestimate of both the magnitude and uncertainty in ash column loadings. Based on the prior ensemble, flight operations would have been severely disrupted over the Pacific Ocean. Using the constrained posterior ensemble, the regions where the risk is overestimated are reduced potentially resulting in fewer flight disruptions. The data assimilation methodology developed in this paper is easily generalisable to other short duration eruptions and to other VATDMs and retrievals of ash from other satellites.
Uranium migration through the Swiss Opalinus Clay varies on the metre scale in response to differences of the stability constant of the aqueous, ternary uranyl complex Ca2UO2(CO3)3
Authors: Hennig Theresa , Kühn Michael
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The simulation of uranium migration through the Swiss Opalinus Clay is used as an example to quantify the influence of varying values of a stability constant in the underlying thermodynamic database on the migration lengths for the repository scale. Values for the stability constant of the neutral, ternary uranyl complex Ca2UO2(CO3)3 differ in literature by up to one order of magnitude. Within the studied geochemical system, either the neutral or the anionic complex CaUO2(CO3)32- is the predominant one, depending on the chosen value for the neutral complex. This leads to a changed interaction with the diffuse double layers (DDL) enveloping the clay minerals and thus can potentially influence the diffusive transport of uranium. Hence, two identical scenarios only differing in the value for the stability constant of the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex were applied in order to quantify and compare the migration lengths of uranium on the host rock scale (50 m) after a simulation time of one million years. We ran multi-component diffusion simulations for the shaly and sandy facies in the Opalinus Clay. A difference in the stability constant of 1.33 log units changes the migration lengths by 5 to 7 m for the sandy and shaly facies, respectively. The deviation is caused by the anion exclusion effect. However, with a maximum diffusion distance of 22 m, the influence of the stability constant of the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex on uranium migration in the Opalinus Clay is negligible on the host rock scale.
Variations of Arctic winter ozone from the LIMS Level 3 dataset
Authors: Remsberg Ellis , Natarajan Murali , Hilsenrath Ernest
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The Nimbus 7 limb infrared monitor of the stratosphere (LIMS) instrument operated from October 25, 1978, through May 28, 1979. Its Version 6 (V6) profiles and their Level 3 or zonal Fourier coefficient products have been characterized and archived in 2008 and in 2011, respectively. This paper focuses on the value and use of daily ozone maps from Level 3, based on a gridding of its zonal coefficients. We present maps of V6 ozone on pressure surfaces and compare them with several rocket-borne chemiluminescent ozone measurements that extend into the lower mesosphere. Daily, synoptic maps of V6 ozone and temperature illustrate that they are an important aid in interpreting satellite limb-infrared emission versus local measurements, especially when they occur during dynamically active periods of northern hemisphere winter. We then show a sequence of V6 maps of upper stratospheric ozone, spanning the minor stratospheric warmings of late January and early February 1979. The map sequence of V6 geopotential height reveals how ozone was changing in the vortex and at the centers of adjacent anticyclones. We also report on zonal variations of the tertiary ozone maximum of the upper mesosphere and its associated temperature fields during winter. These several examples provide a guide to researchers for further exploratory analyses of middle atmosphere ozone from LIMS.
Climate change impacts on solar power generation and its spatial variability in Europe based on CMIP6
Authors: Hou Xinyuan , Wild Martin , Folini Doris , Kazadzis Stelios , Wohland Jan
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Solar photovoltaics (PV) plays an essential role in decarbonizing
the European energy system. However, climate change affects surface solar
radiation and will therefore directly influence future PV power generation. We
use scenarios from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison
Project (CMIP6) for a mitigation (SSP1-2.6) and a fossil-fuel-dependent
(SSP5-8.5) pathway in order to quantify climate risk for solar PV in Europe as
simulated by the Global Solar Energy Estimator (GSEE). We find that PV
potential increases by around 5 % in the mitigation scenario, suggesting a
positive feedback loop between climate change mitigation and PV potential.
While increased clear-sky radiation and reduced cloud cover go hand in hand
in SSP1-2.6, the effect of a decrease in clear-sky radiation is outweighed
by a decrease in cloud cover in SSP5-8.5, resulting in an increase in
all-sky radiation. Moreover, we find that the seasonal cycle of PV
generation changes in most places, as generation grows more strongly in
winter than in summer (SSP1-2.6) or increases in summer and declines in
winter (SSP5-8.5). We further analyze climate change impacts on the spatial
variability of PV power generation. Similar to the effects anticipated for wind
energy, we report an increase in the spatial correlations of daily PV
production with large inter-model agreement yet relatively small amplitude,
implying that PV power balancing between different regions in continental
Europe will become more difficult in the future. Thus, based on the most recent
climate simulations, this research supports the notion that climate
change will only marginally impact renewable energy potential, while changes
in the spatiotemporal generation structure are to be expected and should be
included in power system design.
Primary productivity measurements in the Ross Sea, Antarctica: A regional synthesis
Authors: Smith Jr. Walker O.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Polar systems are undersampled due to the difficulty of sampling remote and challenging environments; however, these systems are critical components of global biogeochemical cycles. Measurements on primary productivity in specific areas can quantify the input of organic matter to food webs, and so are of critical ecological importance as well. However, long-term measurements using the same methodology are available only for a few polar systems. Primary productivity measurements using 14C-uptake incubations from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, are synthesized, along with chlorophyll concentrations at the same depths and locations. A total of 19 independent cruises were completed, and 449 stations occupied where measurements of primary productivity (each with 7 depths) were completed. The incubations used the same basic simulated in situ methodology for all. Integrated water column productivity for all stations averaged 1.10 ± 1.20 g C m−2 d−1, and the maximum was 13.1 g C m−2 d−1. Annual productivity calculated from the means throughout the growing season equalled 146 g C m−2 yr−1. Mean chlorophyll concentration in the euphotic zone (the 1 % irradiance level) was 2.85 ± 2.68 mg m−3 (maximum concentration was 19.1 mg m−3). Maximum photosynthetic rates at the surface (normalized to chlorophyll) averaged 0.94 ± 0.71 mg C (mg chl)−1 h−1, similar to the maximum rate found in photosynthesis/irradiance measurements. Productivity measurements are consistent with the temporal patterns of biomass found previously, with biomass and productivity peaking in late December; mixed layers were at a minimum at this time as well. Estimates of plankton composition also suggest that pre-January productivity was largely driven by the haptophyte Phaeocystis antarctica, and summer productivity by diatoms. The data set will be useful for a comparison to other Antarctic regions and provide a basis for refined bio-optical models of regional primary productivity.
Investigation of stochastic-threshold incision models across a climatic and morphological gradient
Authors: Desormeaux Clément , Godard Vincent , Lague Dimitri , Duclaux Guillaume , Fleury Jules , Benedetti Lucilla , Bellier Olivier ,   the ASTER Team
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Long-term landscape evolution is controlled by tectonic and climatic forcing acting through surfaces processes. Rivers are the main drivers of continental denudation because they set the base level of most hillslopes and the mechanisms of fluvial incision are a key focus in geomorphological research and require accurate representation and models. River incision is often modeled with the Stream Power Model (SPM), based on the along-stream evolution of drainage area and channel elevation gradient, but can also incorporate more complex processes such as threshold effects and statistical discharge dis-tributions, which are fundamental features of river dynamics. Despite their importance in quantitative geomorphology, such model formulations have been confronted with fields data only in a limited number of cases. Here we investigate the behavior of stochastic-threshold incision models across the south-eastern margin of the Massif Central in France which is characterized by significant relief and the regular occurrence of high-discharge events. Our study is based on a new dedicated dataset combining measurements of discharge variability from gauging stations, denudation rates on 34 basins from 10Be cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) concentration measurements in river sediments, morphometric analysis of river long-profiles analysis and field observations. This new dataset is used for a systematic investigation of various formulations of the SPM and discuss the importance of incision thresholds. Denudation rates across the SE margin of the Massif Central are in the 20–120 mm/ka range and they positively correlate with slope and precipitations. However, the relationship with steepness index is complex and hints at the importance of taking into account the spatial variations in parameters controlling the SPM. Overall, the range of denudation rate across the margin can mainly be explained using a simple version of the SPM accounting for spatially heterogeneous runoff. More complex formulations including stochastic discharge and incision thresholds yield poorer performances unless spatial variations in bedload characteristics, controlling incision threshold, are taken into account. Our results highlight the importance of the hypotheses used on such threshold in SPM application to field studies and notably the impact of actual constraints on bedload size.
Magnetic to the Core – communicating paleomagnetism with hands-on activities
Authors: van der Boon Annique , Biggin Andrew J. , Paterson Greig A. , Kavenagh Janine L.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Paleomagnetism is a relatively unknown part of Earth sciences that is not well integrated into the school curriculum in the United Kingdom. Throughout recent years, there has been a decline in the number of Earth science students in the UK. In 2018 and 2019, we developed outreach activities and resources to introduce the scientifically-engaged general public to paleomagnetism and raise awareness of how geomagnetism affects society today, thus putting paleomagnetism, and Earth sciences, in the spotlight. We tested our ideas at local events that were visited mostly by families with small children, with tens to hundreds of participants. Our project culminated in the ‘Magnetic to the Core’ stand at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition in 2019, which is visited by members of the general public as well as students and teachers, scientists, policymakers and the media. At this event, we communicated the fundamentals of paleomagnetism through hands-on experiments and presented our recent research advances in a fun and family friendly way. To test the impact of our exhibit on knowledge of paleomagnetism and Earth’s magnetic field on visitors, we designed an interactive quiz and collected results from 382 participants over 8 days. The results show an increase in score of 19.1 % between those who had not yet visited the stand to those who had visited for more than 10 minutes. The results from school-age respondents alone show a larger increase in score of 28.1 % between those who had not yet visited and those who had spent more than 10 minutes at the stand. These findings demonstrate that this outreach event was successful in impacting visitors’ learning. We hope our Magnetic to the Core project can serve as an inspiration for other Earth science laboratories looking to engage a wide audience and measure the success and impact of their outreach activities.
A “COMPULSÃO DA IDENTIDADE”: A CRÍTICA DE HABERMAS AO HEGELIANISMO FRAKFURTIANO
Authors: Grupillo Arthur
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é explicitar a crítica de Habermas a Adorno no ensaio Pré-história da subjetividade e auto-afirmação selvagem, e a Marcuse, no ensaio Arte e revolução em Herbert Marcuse, ambos apresentados como “perfis filosófico-políticos”. A explicitação desta crítica tem, como pano de fundo, as objeções de Habermas a Hegel, e tem a vantagem de deixar ver como se reconfiguram, nelas, a relação entre identidade e reconciliação, verdade e liberdade.
Attitude of Primary School Teachers Towards Inclusive Education in Nigeria: Contributions of Personality and Work Experience
Authors: Odo Victor Okechukwu , Onah Evelyn N. , Ujoatuonu Ikechukwu V. , Okafor Agnes E. , Chukwu Alexandra N. , Juliet Juliet , Nwufo Nwufo , Karatu Baba A. , Mefoh Philip C.
Published: November 2021

Children with disabilities in South-Eastern Nigeria face problems of isolation. This study investigated the roles of conscientious personality and work experience in predicting teachers’ attitude towards inclusive education. Participants included 196 primary school teachers who were selected randomly from 6 primary schools in Enugu, South-Eastern Nigeria. The age of the teachers ranged from 27-51 years (Mean age = 41.85 years; Standard Deviation = 4.63). Results showed that conscientious personality and work experience positively predicted primary school teachers’ attitude towards inclusive education. The results were discussed in terms of determining work-related attributes necessary for improving access to education among children with disabilities. The limitation of the study and recommendation for future research were highlighted.
A curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities in Jordan
Authors: Al-Zboon Eman K.
Published: November 2021

This qualitative study describes the status of the curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities (SWID) in Jordan, from their teachers’ perspectives and from field observations. Research data were analysed using content analysis methodology. These qualitative data were gained by interviews with 54 teachers and by field observations of classes of SWID. Data analysis revealed five major themes: teachers’ perceptions of curriculum areas, teachers’ perceptions of curriculum characteristics, levels of teacher professional competence and training needs and teachers’ perceptions of problems of curriculum implementation and curriculum components. The study concludes that there is widespread confusion regarding the curriculum for SWID; genuine problems in access to the general curriculum for SWID; problems in SWID preparation for inclusion; and low expectations regarding SWID. Recommendations are provided regarding the importance of enhancing the SWID curriculum, and of improving teachers’ professionalism and practices.
Psychological correlates of parental burnout in hearing mothers of deaf children: personality, satisfaction with life, and posttraumatic growth
Authors: Kobosko Joanna , Sekułowicz Małgorzata , Śliwa Lech , Rostkowska Joanna , Jedrzejczak W. Wiktor , Skarzynski Henryk
Published: November 2021

A child’s disability is a risk factor for its parents experiencing parental burnout (PB). Here we investigate this problem in hearing mothers of deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children. We look at the psychological dimension of the mothers’ personality in terms of the Big Five model, satisfaction with life (SWL), and posttraumatic growth (PTG). The study takes account of the sociodemographics of the mothers and their children and other factors related to the child’s deafness and their type of hearing assistance. The study was conducted through letters sent to 559 hearing mothers of which 29% responded. Responding mothers completed several questionnaires: the Parental Burnout Measure (PBM-12), International Personality Item Pool–Big Five Markers-20 (IPIP-BFM-20), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and a general questionnaire. A VAS scale was used to assess SWL and satisfaction with the child’s rehabilitation.Results showed that the level of PB the mothers experienced was significantly lower than in mothers of children with non-deafness disabilities. SWL and emotional stability, intellect/imagination, agreeableness, extraversion, and satisfaction with the child’s rehabilitation were inversely correlated with PB, but only SWL and emotional stability were significant PB predictors. PTG in the mothers was at an average level and not correlated with PB. Similarly, the sociodemographic characteristics of mother and child and child’s deafness-related factors were not correlated with PB. Low levels of emotional stability and SWL are associated with vulnerability of the mothers to PB. Our finding of a lack of relationship between PB and PTG suggest that some mothers of deaf children may experience “illusory PTG”, which is related to avoidance-oriented coping strategies including denial coping.
Allier plurilinguisme et variation dans un MOOC : enjeux et contraintes
Authors: Cattin Carole
Published: November 2021

Cet article, dont le but est de faire ressortir quelques enjeux pédagogiques dans le passage de deux cours universitaires à un MOOC, se base sur la réflexion entamée dans notre travail de mémoire qui a été réalisé dans le cadre d’un projet MOOC intitulé « Langues et diversité : de la variation au plurilinguisme » actuellement conçu à l’Université de Genève. C’est donc en nous appuyant sur ce projet axé sur la diversité linguistique que nous allons mettre l’accent sur certaines adaptations à apporter, tant sur le plan des contenus que du discours, pour que les enseignements donnés en présentiel soient adaptés au dispositif d’un MOOC.
Modifikasi framework togaf dan penyelarasan multidimensi business architecture untuk peningkatan efektivitas enterprise architecture dan analisis beban kerja pegawai
Authors: Purba Risa Dhani Horasman
Published: November 2021

Saat ini layanan TI tidak sekedar sebagai pendukung, namun sebagai layanan yang memiliki kontribusi langsung terhadap kegiatan bisnis perusahaan, sehingga dalam menentukan perencanaan TI sangat dipengaruhi aspek bisnis dan strategis perusahaan. Perencanaan yang tidak berbasiskan pada kebutuhan bisnis dapat menghasilkan ketidakselarasan dalam pencapaian tujuan bisnis. Dalam menyelaraskan kebutuhan bisnis perusahaan dengan TI serta mengintegrasikan seluruh komponen informasi perusahaan yang saling berkaitan, dibutuhkan Enterprise Architecture (EA). Penerapan EA dapat menghubungkan strategi bisnis, tujuan bisnis, entitas informasi, proses bisnis, struktur perusahaan, aplikasi dan infrastruktur pendukung aplikasi. Untuk mengimplementasikan EA dibutuhkan framework yang menjelaskan bagaimana teknik dan langkah-langkah penyusunan EA agar hasilnya sesuai dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. TOGAF merupakan framework EA yang paling populer dan paling banyak digunakan pada perusahaan. Namun tingkat kompleksitas framework TOGAF yang tinggi menyebabkan rumitnya pengembangan EA, sehingga perlu dilakukan modifikasi metode pada framework TOGAF termasuk penyelarasan multidimensi dalam business architecture agar pengembangan EA dapat dilakukan secara efektif dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. Selain itu BPMN yang digunakan sebagai standar pemodelan proses bisnis, tidak mendukung informasi beban kerja pegawai, padahal sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengoptimalkan kegiatan operasional dengan strategi bisnis perusahaan. Sehingga diperlukan perhitungan Work Load Analysis (WLA) dengan melakukan simulasi proses bisnis menggunakan standar BPMN agar dapat menentukan Formasi Tenaga Kerja (FTK) yang sesuai. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini mengusulkan modifikasi framework TOGAF dan penyelarasan multidimensi business architecture untuk peningkatan efektivitas EA dan analisis beban kerja pegawai. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pengembangan EA. Teknik survei diterapkan pada evaluasi penelitian ini dengan menggunakan 7 faktor dan 18 indikator pengukuran efektivitas pengembangan EA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai indeks sebesar 85%, hal tersebut menujukan bahwa responden sangat setuju metode yang diusulkan efektif untuk pengembangan EA.
Kết quả điều trị gefitinib bước một ở bệnh nhân cao tuổi mắc ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn tiến xa, có đột biến gen EGFR
Authors: Luận Phạm Văn , Tiến Nguyễn Đình , Hải Nguyễn Minh , Duyên Thi Thị , Thanh Bùi Thị
Published: November 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị bước 1 ở bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn tiến xa, cao tuổi, có đột biến gen EGFR bằng gefitinib. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, theo dõi dọc 72 bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn tiến xa có độ tuổi ≥ 65, có đột biến gen EGFR, được điều trị bước 1 bằng gefitinib, theo dõi và đánh giá đáp ứng mỗi 3 tháng hoặc khi có triệu chứng của bệnh tiến triển. Tiêu chuẩn chính là tỷ lệ đáp ứng toàn bộ (ORR), thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển (PFS), tiêu chuẩn phụ là tỷ lệ kiểm soát bệnh (DCR), thời gian sống thêm toàn bộ (OS), tác dụng không mong muốn, mối liên quan giữa PFS và OS với giới tính, tiền sử hút thuốc, vị trí đột biến gen EGFR và toàn trạng của bệnh nhân. Kết quả: Trung vị thời gian theo dõi là 20,5 tháng, ORR 70,8%, DCR 91,7%. Trung vị PFS 14,5 tháng, trung vị OS 25 tháng, với bệnh nhân ≥ 75 tuổi trung vị OS là 21 tháng. Trung vị OS dài hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê ở bệnh nhân có toàn trạng tốt (29 tháng so với 15 tháng, p=0,047). Tỷ lệ OS tại thời điểm 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 năm lần lượt là 87,5%, 43,1%, 15,3%, 5,6% và 2,8%. Tác dụng không mong muốn gặp ở 62,5% bệnh nhân, chủ yếu độ 1 và 2. Có 1 bệnh nhân dừng điều trị do tăng men gan độ 3. Kết luận: Gefitinib có hiệu quả và an toàn trong điều trị bước 1 ở bệnh nhân cao tuổi ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn tiến xa có đột biến gen EGFR, đặc biệt, nó mang lại lợi ích về sống thêm toàn bộ ở nhóm bệnh nhân có toàn trạng tốt.
Nghiên cứu tỷ lệ nhiễm virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) trong bệnh lichen xơ teo sinh dục
Authors: Hoạt Hoàng Thị , Lan Phạm Thị
Published: November 2021

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm virus Epstein-Barr (EBV) và mối liên quan với lâm sàng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 52 bệnh nhân lichen sclerosus (LS), 48 nữ 4 nam, tuổi trên 30 là 34 bệnh nhân, mức độ nặng 17 bệnh nhân (32,69%), mức độ vừa 32 bệnh nhân (61,54%), mức độ nhẹ 3 bệnh nhân (5,77%) điều trị tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương và Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 1/2016 đến tháng 12/2018. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhiễm EBV chiếm 25%, có liên quan đến nhóm tuổi (tuổi càng cao thì tỷ lệ nhiễm EBV càng cao và ngược lại), không liên quan đến mức độ bệnh. Kết luận: EBV có vai trò nhất định trong bệnh LS.
Nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm và tác động của tế bào gốc phân lập được từ mô mỡ lên nguyên bào sợi da trên in vitro
Authors: Dũng Nguyễn Tiến , Hân Đinh Văn , Hương Nguyễn Thị
Published: November 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm của tế bào gốc phân lập được từ mô mỡ (TBGM) và đánh giá tác động của TBGM lên khả năng tăng sinh, di cư của nguyên bào sợi da (NBS) trên invitro. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Chúng tôi đã sử dụng 10 mẫu NBS và mô mỡ của 10 bệnh nhân (BN) khỏe mạnh làm phẫu thuật thẩm mỹ tại Bệnh viện Bỏng Quốc gia từ tháng 6 năm 2020 đến tháng 12 năm 2020, để triển khai nghiên cứu đặc điểm của TBGM (số lượng TBGM sau phân lập, hình dáng và đặc tính của TBGM sau nuôi cấy tăng sinh ở các thời điểm 72 giờ, 7 ngày và 10 ngày, đặc điểm của bộ nhiễm sắc thể của thế hệ TBGM sau 5 lần cấy chuyển - P5) và tác động của TBGM lên khả năng tăng sinh và di cư của NBS trên invitro. Kết quả: Số lượng TBGM thu được sau khi xử lý mẫu mô là 2,63×106 ± 1,6×106 tế bào/gram mô mỡ (min - max : 2,5 - 2,7×106), trong đó tỷ lệ TBGM sống là 96,6 ± 1,5% (min - max : 96,2 - 97,5). Sau 72 giờ nuôi cấy, nhiều TBGM đã bám vào bề mặt đĩa nuôi cấy, sau 7 ngày nuôi cấy TBGM có hình dạng tương tự NBS, mọc đơn lớp. Sau 10 ngày nuôi cấy, TBGM phát triển mạnh, đạt yêu cầu cấy chuyển (mật độ tế bào đạt trên 80% diện tích che phủ). Sau 5 lần cấy chuyển, tất cả 10 mẫu TBGM đều có cấu trúc bộ nhiễm sắc thể bình thường. Tốc độ tăng sinh và di cư của NBS trong môi trường nuôi cấy có bổ sung dịch chiết của TBGM tăng cao hơn so với nhóm chứng và tốc độ này là cao nhất khi bổ sung 50% dịch chiết từ TBGM vào môi trường nuôi cấy NBS. Kết luận: Chúng tôi đã phân lập thành công TBGM từ mô mỡ, TBGM phân lập được có đầy đủ đặc điểm hình thái và đặc tính của tế bào gốc và giữ nguyên cấu trúc nhiễm sắc thể sau 5 lần cấy chuyển. Trong nghiên cứu in vitro, TBGM có tác dụng kích thích sự tăng sinh và di cư của NBS.
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) field gene bank (FGB) in Gurudas College, Kolkata-54
Authors:   Department of Botany, Gurudas College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, De Mitu , Pahari Gautam Kumar ,   Department of Botany, Gurudas College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Pal Ankush ,   Department of Botany, Berhampore Girls’ College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India, Ganguli Sayak ,   Group Leader, Amplicon Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, 2 G.P. Road, Badamtala, Palta, 743122, West Bengal, India, Ray Susanta ,   Goalpara Tarun Sangha Junior High School, Khagra, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India, Mandal Malay ,   Department of Botany, Berhampore Girls’ College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India, Dhar Suchandra ,   Department of Botany, Berhampore Girls’ College, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India, Dutta Subhasree ,   Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India, Dey Santi Ranjan ,   Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Published: November 2021

Many important varieties of field, horticultural and forestry species are conserved as Field Gene Banks (FGB). FGBs provide easy and ready access to conserved material for research as well as for use. Plant breeders are in need of a continuous supply of diverse and novel genetic diversity to produce new crop varieties able to cope with the impacts of changing cultivation conditions and climate change. FGB is one of the options of a complementary strategy for the conservation of germplasm of many plant species. Murshidabad and Malda, the once famous districts for Mango (Mangifera indica L.) diversity, districts of West Bengal are now facing tremendous genetic erosion of the mango germplasm. The Field gene bank will be an ex situ conservation approach. 25 (Twenty five) mango varieties were collected from Malda and Murshidabad districts and cuttings transferred to Gurudas College, Kolkata 700054 for conservation as Field Gene Bank. The mango germplasm accessions were collected with the assistance of the West Bengal Biodiversity Board (WBBB). Some of the valuable mango varieties viz. Bimli, Churmur, Dobani, Do Phala, Golap Bhog, Golap Khash, Molam Jam, collected from orchards of Malda and Murshidabad districts. As a field Gene Bank these varieties are readily accessible and useable for characterization and evaluation. These field gene banks will aid in documentation of the rich mango legacy of West Bengal and help in mango crop improvement.
Avifauna of Patan Wetland, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Rammohan College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India, Dey Santi Ranjan
Published: November 2021

Biodiversity enumeration of ecologically sensitive species is important for estimating the general health as well as development of proper conservation plans for the entire ecosystem. ‘Patan beel’ an relatively unexplored wetland of North-West Murshidabad is located between latitude 24°2’4” North to 24°3’ 20’’North and longitude 88°1’18’’ East to 88°0’15’’ East. The approximately 500 acres wetland contains forested area, some human habitation, and low but cultivable land. The area is unique in flora and fauna composition. This study has revealed that ‘Patan beel’ contains 49 species of birds. Some of the birds are totally aquatic. Some are migratory in nature. To conserve and manage wetland resources, it is imperative to have inventory of wetlands and their aqua-resources.
Health Status of Grinders in Different Foundries in West Bengal
Authors:   Department of Production Engineering, J.U., Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Das Chandan , Das Suman ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Banerjee Debamalya ,   Department of Production Engineering, J.U, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Samanta Amalendu ,   Department of Occupational Health, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, West Bengal, India, Bhattacharyya Bidyut Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIEST, Shibpur, West Bengal, India
Published: November 2021

The most significant operation to produce products in manufacturing sector in West Bengal is grinding. There is always a need of high human involvement to successfully plan and execute it. The body postures of the grinders are not correct and scientific in different grinding units. Prolonged working hours exceed the capacity of the grinder’s causes’ uneasiness, elevated risk of chronic pain, increase heart rate and developed body stresses. Prolonged working hours exceed the physical capacity of the workers that causes’ body discomfort, physical fatigue, joints pain, sprain of ligaments in different soft tissues. Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD), body fatigue and strain injuries are very common health problems of grinders in different micro, small & medium scale grinding units in West Bengal. The productivity and cost benefits of this unit are highly related with the physical capabilities and physical comfort of the grinders. The data of musculoskeletal disorder of workers was collected, evaluated and validated by using RULA and Discomfort Questionnaire. It was observed that lack of Ergonomic planning and unergonomic body postures increase the muscular stresses & muscular disorders which affect the health status of grinders. The significant reduction of body stresses and correct body postures were required to improve the quality of work and health status of the grinders.
The Influence of Organizational Culture, Competence and Motivation toward the Quality of Education Services in State High Schools in West Java Province
Authors: Wati Ratna , Suradinata Ermaya , Maryani Dedeh , Pudjianto Widodo Sigit
Published: November 2021

The phenomenon that is used as the object of research is the Quality of Education Services at State Senior High Schools in West Java Province. The research objectives are (1) to discuss the influence of organizational culture toward the quality of education services; (2) Discussing the influence of competence toward  the quality of education services; (3) Discussing the influence of motivation toward  the quality of education services; (4) Get a new concept from discussing the influence of Organizational Culture toward the Quality of Educational Services; (5) Get a new concept from the discussion of the influence of Competence toward the Quality of Education Services; (6) Get a new concept from the discussion of the influence of motivation toward the quality of education services. The research sample of 381 respondents was taken from a population of 54,150 people with the Krejcie sampling technique. Determination of 10 Research Informants using snow ball technique. Collecting data using Literature Study, Questionnaire, Interview and Observation. The data analysis technique used SEM Analysis and Descriptive Analysis which was developed using Observer Triangulation and ASOCA methods. The following research results:The magnitude of the influence of Organizational Culture toward the Quality of Education Services at State Senior High Schools in West Java Province reached 0.69, which is quite strong and significant. The magnitude of the influence of Competence toward the Quality of Education Services at State Senior High Schools in West Java Province reached 0.55, which is quite strong and significant. The magnitude of the influence of motivation toward the quality of education services at public high schools in West Java province reached 0.86, which is very strong and significant.The new concepts that can be compiled from the discussion of the influence of Organizational Culture, Competence and Motivation toward  the Quality of Education Services at State Senior High Schools in West Java Province are (1) a new concept of School Organizational Patterns; (2) a new concept on the Characteristics of Responses of Education Providers and (3) a new concept on the Drive for Achievement.
Il digiuno del bambino prima di una sedazione procedurale
Authors: Penco Arturo , Peri Francesca , Poropat Federico , Conversano Ester , Barbi Egidio , Cozzi Giorgio
Published: November 2021

Fasting before procedural sedation is a hot topic in everyday medical life with the main concern regarding pulmonary aspiration. Fasting guidelines before procedural sedation have always been the same as those used for general anaesthesia. However, procedural sedation and general anaesthesia differ in terms of invasiveness, drugs, duration and patient characteristics. This results in lower risk of pulmonary aspiration during procedural sedation, when compared to general anaesthesia. Moreover, a large case series of sedations performed in the emergency department with no respect for the proper fasting times showed no association between fasting duration and any type of adverse event with the latter occurring also in patients that properly fasted. The type of procedure (with the need of airway management) and characteristics of the patient seem to matter more. Furthermore, prolonged fasting is uncomfortable and has been associated with hypoglycaemia and dehydration. For this reason, fasting guidelines before procedural sedation should be adapted on the presence of risk factors, such as ASA score, need for airway management, comorbidities, type of procedure and drug used.
Fra redaksjonen
Authors: Kjørholt Anne Trine , Korsvold Tora
Published: November 2021

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