bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cline between nouns and verbs: Nominalizations in Shiwiar (Chicham)
Authors: Kohlberger Martin
Published: March 2018

Deverbal nominalizations are often said to occupy an intermediate position between nouns and verbs. Here I describe the morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties of three deverbal nominalization strategies in Shiwiar, a Chicham language of Ecuador and Peru. Although nouns and verbs in Shiwiar are clearly distinguished in the grammar, deverbal nominalizations display a combination of both nominal and verbal traits. Furthermore, the three nominalizations types discussed here each have different proportions of noun-like and verb-like characteristics, thereby forming a gradient cline between the two major word classes.
Presencia de la muerte en El complot mongol de Rafael Bernal
Authors: Castro Rocha Rogelio , Fuentes Kraffczyk Felipe Oliver
Published: March 2018

En este artículo nos proponemos mostrar la configuración de la muerte y el modo de afectación en el protagonista de la novela El complot mongol, del escritor mexicano Rafael Bernal. Destacamos cómo la muerte se configura como fuerte presencia que nos acompaña a lo largo de nuestro transitar por la vida, la incertidumbre de su aparición en el decurso vital deja una huella que resulta una carga muy pesada de llevar. Desde esta propuesta de lectura, para el análisis de esta novela de Bernal nos apoyamos en algunos autores que han reflexionado sobre la concepción de la muerte y formulamos cómo esta figura se presenta en la novela. En este sentido, en El complot mongol el protagonista Florencio García se concibe a sí mismo como un fabricante de muertos, para él la muerte ha sido algo cercano y evidente, su presencia ha definido la visión que tiene de las cosas.
Ficción, historia y mito en El río sin orillas de Juan José Saer
Authors: Samperio Jiménez Daniel
Published: March 2018

Este trabajo se ocupa de la confrontación entre ficción e historia en El río sin orillas de Juan José Saer con base en un examen de las operaciones de reelaboración genérica que el autor practica con la autobiografía y la non-fiction. Éstas reflejan una intención de Saer por bordear los límites entre lo irreal y lo verificable para buscar resquicios para la ficción y, al final, encontrar el mito como contraposición esencial de la historia.
Hermenéutica y ontología: el sujeto y la verdad o del cuidado de sí y la parresía
Authors: Carreño Zúñiga Adriana Patricia
Published: March 2018

Las cuestiones sobre las que vamos a  dedicar la presente reflexión proceden de Michel Foucault.  En el discurso del filósofo francés, la relación entre el concepto de “sujeto” y el de “verdad” no es una mera relación de contraposición, sino que hay una interferencia mutua en juego. El ejercicio hermenéutico nos acercará a la comprensión de las palabras que están aquí en cuestión. Proponemos dialogar con los escritos de Foucault, específicamente con la problematización de la cuestión en que la historia entabla las relaciones entre los elementos del sujeto y de la verdad, cima de la ontología, la cual es alcanzada y derribada por los nuevos sujetos y las nuevas verdades, esto es, por los nuevos modos de ser y de relacionarnos. La verdad es concretamente, historia de la verdad,  historia de la subjetivación, la historia del discurso sobre la subjetivación, la historia de lo “dicho” del y sobre el sujeto. La hermenéutica habrá de mostrar que la constitución de sí y de sentido se corresponden en épocas distintas.

 

La apuesta de Foucault por aunar los dos conceptos parte de la idea de que la verdad no es la exactitud y que es precisamente por esto que la verdad no necesita el oropel de la retórica, como decía Sócrates, para decir la verdad poca elocuencia basta. Las relaciones entre la verdad y el estilo de vida propio, o entre la verdad y una ética y una estética de sí mismo, es para Foucault palpable en la tradición socrático-platónica. Foucault ve en la parresía un mecanismo político de gran interés desde una perspectiva ética, y se esfuerza en recorrer con gran minuciosidad toda la historia del término poblada de variaciones semánticas. La parresía es, durante mucho tiempo, el nexo de unión entre el cuidado de sí y el cuidado de los otros, entre el gobierno de sí y el gobierno de los otros, la frontera en la que vienen a coincidir ética y política.
El problema del hombre en la fenomenología de Husserl
Authors: Muñoz Rubén Sánchez
Published: March 2018

En este trabajo se explora la relación que existe entre la fenomenología trascendental y la antropología. El autor sostiene que puede haber desde el interior de la reducción trascendental la justificación y validez de una antropología trascendental que aparece de manera implícita en los textos de Husserl. La respuesta de Husserl al problema del hombre consistiría entonces en afirmar que el ser humano no es un hecho de la naturaleza sino un sujeto trascendental, un sujeto racional en todo su sentido, a partir del cual se constituye todo fenómeno de ser. Para poder sostener esta tesis se distingue entre dos niveles de subjetividad o dos dimensiones del ser humano: como ser mundano y como sujeto trascendental; se afirma que desde la trascendentalidad del ser humano se puede pensar en la posibilidad de una antropología trascendental que recupera el sentido racional, trascendental, del hombre, sin traicionar el sentido de la reducción trascendental.
Problemas metodológicos en la investigación del “período oscuro” del cine español (1969-1975): el caso del thriller
Authors: López Sangüesa José Luis
Published: March 2018

Definición de la etapa de crisis del aparato cinematográfico franquista, llamada en España “Período Oscuro” (1969-1975), y definición de los problemas metodológicos encontrados en relación a la investigación de dicha etapa histórica del cine español, y sobre todo en relación al thriller policíaco. El periodo económico se ha escogido por la importancia que, acorde a críticos, estudios y espectadores, tuvo para la formación del moderno cine español como industria, como arte y como elemento historiográfico, ante la posibilidad de que un tratamiento excesivamente descuidado de los profesionales y políticos contemporáneos resultara en dejadez a la hora de conservar materiales, testimonios y documentos que habrían demostrado ser irreemplazables para los estudiosos posteriores. La carencia de estos y el tiempo transcurrido afloran como causas primeras pero no únicas de las presentes dificultades y deficiencias a la hora de entregar monografías satisfactorias y completas, capaces de explicar el periodo de una manera comprensiva. La acotación del período 1969-1975 es clarificada previamente ante el vacío historiográfico al respecto.  Se recuperan aquellas películas concretas de esta corriente y período que no figuran en los fondos de los archivos fílmicos estatales. Por último, se extraen las conclusiones pertinentes.
Peña Acuña, B. y Jover López, J. J. (Coord.) (2017). Periodismo Especializado. Tomo II. Madrid: Editorial ACCI ediciones
Authors: Padilla Castillo Graciela
Published: March 2018

Este segundo tomo de una trilogía de manuales de Periodismo Especializado supone una revisión actual, original y necesaria, que explican así Carlos Lozano Ascensio (Universidad Rey Juan Carlos) y Marcia Franz Amaral (Universidad Federal de Santa María), en su prólogo: “Al hablar de Periodismo Especializado debemos delimitarlo como una práctica de comunicación social que no sólo busca especializar en contenidos puntuales a los periodistas generalistas, sino también persigue la especialización de los expertos divulgadores en el hacer periodístico” (página 11).
La revista universitaria [N] como proyecto multidisciplinar dentro del espacio Nebrija MediaLab
Authors: Jimenez Narros Carlos
Published: March 2018

La Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad Nebrija muestra una gran sensibilidad hacia la realización de proyectos que acerquen a los estudiantes la realidad profesional. Algunas experiencias previas avalan este compromiso de ofrecer a los estudiantes una formación adecuada a las competencias profesionales que les requerirán las profesiones relacionadas con el mundo de la comunicación. Desde hace más de quince años esta universidad plantea actividades extraacadémicas que son un referente en el sector, es el caso del Festival Jóvenes Tocados por la Publicidad, Festival de Cortos AdN y Concurso Periodístico Nipho. El propósito de este artículo es plantear cómo el diseño y creación de una revista universitaria [N], nacida en el seno del Laboratorio de Innovación Docente Nebrija MediaLab, puede convertirse en un proyecto multidisciplinar de varios laboratorios (actualidad, publicidad y diseño). Esta actividad se está desarrollando durante el curso académico 2016-2017, tras los últimos cambios incorporados a esta plataforma de medios que nació en nuestro centro hace tres años. El objetivo perseguido es que los alumnos fortalezcan su curriculum profesional a la vez que obtienen las competencias necesarias para poder desenvolverse de manera más ágil dentro de la profesión.
Análisis comparativo de la simbología cromática en publicidad. NIKE en China y España
Authors: Llorente Barroso Carmen , García García Francisco , Soria Jiménez Virginia
Published: March 2018

Las diversas percepciones del color según cada contexto socio-cultural constituyen una cuestión de relevante interés desde el punto de vista de la creatividad publicitaria: el negro y el blanco son, por ejemplo, colores opuestos que significan luto en diferentes culturas, y que por tanto deben ser empleados con mucho cuidado a la hora de internacionalizar una campaña de Marketing. El color rojo es muy importante para llamar la atención del público occidental… pero en China es además signo de buena suerte. Lo que en sí mismo es un poderoso atractivo para muchos potenciales compradores. Por ello, en esta investigación se han analizado las posibilidades creativas que pueden derivarse de las connotaciones simbólicas y culturales de los colores. Para ello se ha propuesto un análisis comparativo en cuyo diseño se han considerado distintas teorías sobre las percepciones del color en dos culturas muy dispares: la europea y la asiática. Dicho modelo se ha empleado para analizar una muestra de campañas gráficas de Nike con el fin de obtener resultados que permitan corroborar, a través de este caso, que las grandes marcas utilizan la simbología cromática en el diseño de sus campañas gráficas con el fin de ampliar sus posibilidades de eficacia comunicativa.
Descriptive Profile of Lumbopelvic Control in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Laudner Kevin G. , Wong Regan H. , Latal James R. , Meister Keith
Published: March 2018

Laudner, K, Wong, R, Latal, J, and Meister, K. Descriptive profile of lumbopelvic control in collegiate baseball pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 1150–1154, 2018—Throwing a baseball requires the transmission of forces generated in the lower extremity, through the trunk, then to the upper extremity, and ultimately out through the ball. Disruptions in this kinetic chain, specifically in lumbopelvic control, have been associated with decreased pitching performance and increased risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to establish normative data of lumbopelvic control among collegiate baseball pitchers. Data were compared bilaterally and with a group of nonthrowing physically active individuals. Eighteen asymptomatic pitchers and 30 nonthrowing subjects participated in this study. Each subject performed 6 separate tests bilaterally: single-leg balance, single-leg mini-squat, and static single-leg bridge. An iPod-based tilt sensor was placed around the waist of each subject and used to determine the amount of anterior-posterior lumbopelvic tilt during each test. Independent t tests showed that neither group had any bilateral differences in lumbopelvic control (p > 0.10). The groups had similar lumbopelvic tilt values during the single-leg balance (p > 0.08) and mini-squat tests (p > 0.72), but a significant difference during the bridge maneuver. For this test, the pitchers had less lumbopelvic control than the control group for both the lead leg (p = 0.003) and trail leg (p = 0.01). The descriptive values of this study may assist in designing lumbopelvic conditioning programs with the intent of enhancing pitching performance, as well as in the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of various injuries associated with lumbopelvic control deviations.
Primary Traumatic Axonopathy in Mice Subjected to Impact Acceleration: A Reappraisal of Pathology and Mechanisms with High-Resolution Anatomical Methods
Authors: Ziogas Nikolaos K. , Koliatsos Vassilis E.
Published: March 2018

Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a common neuropathology in traumatic brain injury and is featured by primary injury to axons. Here, we generated TAI with impact acceleration of the head in maleThy1-eYFP-Htransgenic mice in which specific populations of neurons and their axons are labeled with yellow fluorescent protein. This model results in axonal lesions in multiple axonal tracts along with blood–brain barrier disruption and neuroinflammation. The corticospinal tract, a prototypical long tract, is severely affected and is the focus of this study. Using optimized CLARITY at single-axon resolution, we visualized the entire corticospinal tract volume from the pons to the cervical spinal cord in 3D and counted the total number of axonal lesions and their progression over time. Our results divulged the presence of progressive traumatic axonopathy that was maximal at the pyramidal decussation. The perikarya of injured corticospinal neurons atrophied, but there was no evidence of neuronal cell death. We also used CLARITY at single-axon resolution to explore the role of the NMNAT2-SARM1 axonal self-destruction pathway in traumatic axonopathy. When we interfered with this pathway by genetically ablating SARM1 or by pharmacological strategies designed to increase levels of Nicotinamide (Nam), a feedback inhibitor of SARM1, we found a significant reduction in the number of axonal lesions early after injury. Our findings show that high-resolution neuroanatomical strategies reveal important features of TAI with biological implications, especially the progressive axonopathic nature of TAI and the role of the NMNAT2-SARM1 pathway in the early stages of axonopathy.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn the first systematic application of novel high-resolution neuroanatomical tools in neuropathology, we combined CLARITY with 2-photon microscopy, optimized for detection of single axonal lesions, to reconstruct the injured mouse brainstem in a model of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) that is a common pathology associated with traumatic brain injury. The 3D reconstruction of the corticospinal tract at single-axon resolution allowed for a more advanced level of qualitative and quantitative understanding of TAI. Using this model, we showed that TAI is an axonopathy with a prominent role of the NMNAT2-SARM1 molecular pathway, that is also implicated in peripheral neuropathy. Our results indicate that high-resolution anatomical models of TAI afford a level of detail and sensitivity that is ideal for testing novel molecular and biomechanical hypotheses.
Profil Berpikir Geometri Siswa Tunagrahita Berdasarkan Tingkatan Van Hiele Di SMPLB Negeri Salatiga
Authors: Yunianta Tri Nova Hasti , Pradhitya Ranu Fitra , Ratu Novisita
Published: March 2018

Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana profil berpikir geometri siswa tunagrahita berdasarkan tingkatan berpikir van Hiele. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga orang siswa yang terdiri masing-masing satu siswa dari kelas VII, VIII dan IX SMPLB C Negeri Salatiga. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara semi terstrukur. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan, ketiga siswa cenderung memiliki kemampuan yang sama dalam berpikir geometri. Ketiga siswa dapat mencapai tingkat 1 (visualisasi) berdasarkan tingkat berpikir geometri van Hiele, namun terbatas pada bentuk-bentuk bangun geometri yang dipahami atau dikenalnya. Siswa belum dapat melakukan analisis pada tingkat 2 dan hanya sebatas mengetahui sebagian komponen pada bangun segiempat serta menamainya menggunakan bahasanya sendiri yang tidak baku. Selain itu siswa mengetahui beberapa istilah yang ada pada bangun segiempat, namun tidak mengetahui maksud dari istilah-istilah tersebut. Kendala dan masalah yang dihadapi ketiga siswa yaitu lebih cenderung memperhatikan pada bangun-bangun yang dikenalnya, kurang cermat dan teliti dalam menggambar, kesulitan dalam menjelaskan atau mendeskripsikan secara lisan suatu bangun segiempat dan hanya terbatas pada bangun yang diketahuinya, hal tesebut karena siswa tidak banyak mengenal macam-macam bangun.This research is a qualitative descriptive which aims to determine how the profile geometry students think retarded by van Hiele levels of thinking. Subjects in this study were three students who comprised each of the students of class VII, VIII and IX SMPLB C State Salatiga. This research was conducted through semi-structured interviews. The results of the research conducted, the three students tend to have the same ability to think geometry. All three students can reach level 1 (visualization) based on the geometry of the van Hiele levels of thinking, but limited to the forms of geometry understood or known. Students have not been able to perform the analysis at 2 and merely knowing some components in the wake of the quadrilateral and named him use his own language is not standardized. In addition, students know some of the terms that exist in the wake of the quadrilateral, but do not know the purpose of these terms. Constraints and problems faced by the three students are more likely to pay attention in the wake familiar, less meticulous in drawing, difficulty in explaining or describing verbally a wake quadrilateral and confined to the waking knew, tesebut because students do not know a lot of Miscellaneous wake.
Genetic Drivers of Pancreatic Islet Function
Authors: Keller Mark P , Gatti Daniel M , Schueler Kathryn L , Rabaglia Mary E , Stapleton Donnie S , Simecek Petr , Vincent Matthew , Allen Sadie , Broman Aimee Teo , Bacher Rhonda , Kendziorski Christina , Broman Karl W , Yandell Brian S , Churchill Gary A , Attie Alan D
Published: March 2018

The majority of gene loci that have been associated with type 2 diabetes play a role in pancreatic islet function. To evaluate the role of islet gene expression in the etiology of diabetes, we sensitized a genetically diverse mouse population with a Western diet high in fat (45% kcal) and sucrose (34%) and carried out genome-wide association mapping of diabetes-related phenotypes. We quantified mRNA abundance in the islets and identified 18,820 expression QTL. We applied mediation analysis to identify candidate causal driver genes at loci that affect the abundance of numerous transcripts. These include two genes previously associated with monogenic diabetes (PDX1 and HNF4A), as well as three genes with nominal association with diabetes-related traits in humans (FAM83E, IL6ST, and SAT2). We grouped transcripts into gene modules and mapped regulatory loci for modules enriched with transcripts specific for α-cells, and another specific for δ-cells. However, no single module enriched for β-cell-specific transcripts, suggesting heterogeneity of gene expression patterns within the β-cell population. A module enriched in transcripts associated with branched-chain amino acid metabolism was the most strongly correlated with physiological traits that reflect insulin resistance. Although the mice in this study were not overtly diabetic, the analysis of pancreatic islet gene expression under dietary-induced stress enabled us to identify correlated variation in groups of genes that are functionally linked to diabetes-associated physiological traits. Our analysis suggests an expected degree of concordance between diabetes-associated loci in the mouse and those found in human populations, and demonstrates how the mouse can provide evidence to support nominal associations found in human genome-wide association mapping.
Azonosságok és különbségek Polgár-Csőszhalom Neolitikus település háztartásainak állatcsontanyagában
Authors: Csippán Péter
Published: March 2018

The present study examines the meat consumption patterns of three households at the Late Neolithic settlement of Polgár-Csőszhalom based on the animal bone assemblages using various qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures. In addition to conventional comparative methods employed in archaeozoology a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was also applied. This case study describes this multivariate method and its general applicability to this problem.
Középkori kerámia tetődísz esztergomból
Authors: Boldizsár Péter
Published: March 2018

Fragments of a medieval ceramic roof finial were found during the excavation of Mill Bastion in Esztergom. Although similar pieces are known in Hungary, the finial from Esztergom is probably the earliest one in the currently known corpus.
A new Late Bronze Age warrior equipment from East Central Europe
Authors: Tarbay János Gábor
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study is to evaluate a Late Bronze Age (Ha A–Ha B1) “assemblage” in the collection of the MoD Military History Institute and Museum (Budapest). It consists of significant defensive (greaves, conical helmet) and offensive weapons (a flange-hilted sword with a mount of the sheath) as well as a Fuchsstadt type cup, three flange-hilted knives, a wagon model part and several other unidentifiable sheet bronze fragments. According to the museum’s inventory book, the objects in question were acquired in the 1990s. Unfortunately, their find-spot and find circumstances have not been recorded. Nevertheless, the results of the macroscopic examination and the typo-chronological analysis suggest that the artefacts probably buried together as parts of an East Central European (perhaps Hungarian) hoard or grave assemblage.
Erődítés zalavár-várszigeten régi ásatások – új eredmények
Authors: Gergely Katalin
Published: March 2018

The study addresses problems of chronology based on a re-assessment of the section cut through the rampart of the fort at Zalavár-Vársziget, of the rampart’s structural traits and of its function within the context of the settlement, as well as through the analysis of the recovered finds and the results of the dendrochronogical analyses.
Újabb kutatás a Kaposszentjakabi apátság templomának területén
Authors: Molnár István
Published: March 2018

The Benedictine abbey of Kaposszentjakab (Zselicszentjakab) was founded in 1061. Its remains were excavated by Emese Nagy in 1960–1966. Although the reconstruction of the abbey church has since long intrigued research, it is still uncertain whether the earliest abbey church had an axial or a central structure. The new excavations in 2013–2014 unearthed sections of the foundations of a church built prior to the abbey’s foundation. The remains of this early church were incorporated into the new building. The church was rebuilt during the Gothic period, when it received a vaulting.
Árpád-kori (11–13. századi) üveghuta és kovácsműhely a Pásztói monostorban
Authors: Valter Ilona
Published: March 2018

There were two large medieval buildings north-east of the 11th-century Benedictine abbey at Pásztó that passed to the Cistercians in 1191. Both were destroyed in the mid-13th century, at the time of Mongolian invasion, and never rebuilt. The excavated features and their finds indicate that the buildings had accommodated a glass workshop and a smithy worked by monks.
Az esztergom-vízivárosi oszmán fajanszedény kincslelet
Authors: Tari Edit
Published: March 2018

Seven faïence plates were brought to light from a depth of ca. 170 cm during the excavation conducted in the Víziváros quarter of Esztergom in 2012. The plates had been made in Iznik between 1560 and 1590. It seems likely that the wooden chest containing the plates had been buried by their Turkish owner in 1595, at the time of the siege fought for recapturing the town from the Ottoman Turks.
Linear Band Pottery Culture (LBK) lithic industry from Apc
Authors: Kaczanowska Małgorzata , Kozłowski Janusz K. , Wasilewski Michał
Published: March 2018

The general inventory of the chipped stone artefacts coming from the LBK features at Apc indicates that a specific, small scale, local lithic production was conducted on-site. Majority of used raw materials are limnoquartzites (nearly 70%) originating mainly from the Mátra and Cserhát Mountains. The use of rather poor quality local raw materials influenced the technique of working raw materials, which was employed throughout the period of the functioning of LBK settlements at Apc. As a consequence, most tools were made on flakes. At the same time, as early as the oldest phase a limited supply of blade blanks and blade tools, produced elsewhere, was used. The ground stone artefacts and fragments included lower and upper grinding stones, plaquettes with polished surfaces, hammerstones, grinders/pounders. The raw materials used in the ground stone industry are either local (quartz, conglomerate, sandstone) or mesolocal (gabbro, basalt) coming from river alluvia or from the hills at the Hungarian—Slovakian border. Andesites, probably from the Mátra Mountains, occur in small quantities. Thus, the raw materials exploited at Apc demonstrate contacts with eastern region, however the site is the easternmost LBK settlement.
Szimbolikus ábrázolásokkal díszített urnák kisapostag-dunai-dűlőből
Authors: Keszi Tamás
Published: March 2018

In 2004, the Intercisa Museum uncovered part of an Early and Middle Bronze Age cemetery at the Kisapostag bridgehead of the Danube bridge of the M8 Motorway. Two Early Bronze Age urns from the site are decorated with a design of various incised motifs. Over thirty years have elapsed since Rózsa Schreiber published her comprehensive overview and assessment of similar depictions in Archaeologiai Értesítő. These new finds differ from the earlier ones in several respects, offering an excellent opportunity for revisiting earlier theories.
Római út Érd határában
Authors: Varga Gábor
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the road section between Érd and Százhalombatta. Earlier publications proposed that the road section was paved in modern times, but the latest publication dated it to the Roman Age. Thus we collected all earlier data to investigate the age of the road section.
Einfach oder anspruchslos? Über das Punktkreisornament im 6. Jahrhundert anhand dreier Fibeln aus dem Komitat Tolna
Authors: Koncz István , Ódor János Gábor
Published: March 2018

The study addresses the find types decorated with ring-and-dot motifs and the interpretation of this motif in relation to three brooches from Tolna County. Although the three brooches are decorated in a similar manner, their forms differ, reflecting cultural contacts with entirely different regions.
A visegrádi királyi palota középkori emésztőjének leletei
Authors: Kocsis Edit
Published: March 2018

The study describes the household items and furnishings of the court through the pottery and glass finds recovered from the cesspit of the royal palace at Visegrád, alongside an examination of the assemblage’s composition and its place of origin. A comparison of the mid-14th and late 15th century finds sheds light on the changes that took place during this period.
Középkori és 16–18. századi vesztőhelyek régészete Európában és Magyarországon
Authors: Kováts István
Published: March 2018

A medieval and post-medieval jurisdiction was essentially a public affair. The entire process of criminal action can be reconstructed from the written sources, the various depictions and historical town maps. The archaeology of law, one of the directions in European historical archaeology, is concerned also with the identification and excavation of places of punishment, and specifically with the archaeology of execution sites. In a broader sense, all material relics and sites associated with the execution of punishment and legal life can be assigned to this field of research. As a result of complex research projects, several medieval and post-medieval execution sites have been uncovered in Europe. Surveyed and discussed here are the research potentials of locating, identifying and excavating execution sites through examples taken from Europe and Hungary.
Az identitás régészetének elméleti alapjai
Authors: Koncz István , Szilágyi Márton
Published: March 2018

This study offers a brief review of the main research directions and issues in the archaeology of identity. Discussed here are the components of identity – meaning the statuses and roles that determine the individual’s relation to, and membership in, a community as well as to other individuals, which are essentially the elements of social cohesion and social organisation – and its formation as well as the various options for categorisation and the modes of display through cultural memory and material culture.
Danaus and Augustus
Authors: Mastrocinque Attilio
Published: March 2018

Four bronze cows by Myron, the Athenian sculptor, stood in front of Apollo’s temple on the Palatine hill, which Octavian dedicated in 28 BCE. They were placed close to the altar and the statue of this god, in the courtyard of the temple, whose portico was decorated with statues of the 50 daughters of Danaus. The meaning of those statues is clarified by a passage from Pausanias, who tells the story of Danaus coming to Argos and claiming kingship for himself, even if in competition with Gelanor. Suddendly a herd of cows appeared in front of the city, led by a bull. A wolf challenged him, fought, won, and became the leader of the herd. This omen pointed at Danaus as the chosen one for kingship, and he had thus a temple to Apollo built as a thanksgiving to the author of the prodigy. This was an evident comparison to the story of Octavian himself, who won the competition for political leadership in Rome thanks to Apollo.
Augustus, the Lupercalia and the Roman identity
Authors: Guarisco Diana
Published: March 2018

It is widely agreed that Augustus dealt with the festival Lupercalia. However, the evidence about his intervention is scanty and discussable; in addition, both the reconstruction of the celebration and an outline of its historical development are almost impossible tasks. Nevertheless, ancient authors agree on placing the origins of the Lupercalia in the furthest antiquity, at the beginning of the town or at the beginning of mankind. Coherently, the descriptions which they provide suggest that the festival aimed at a temporary and ritually controlled regress to the primeval savagery. Therefore, the involvement of Augustus in the (re-)organization of the Lupercalia results to be consistent with his programmatic connection to Romulus, the founder. In fact, the representations of the pre-civic world at the festival and in the Augustan poetry (especially by Virgil) are consonant. It is worth noting that Lupercalia were celebrated for centuries after Augustus. It is possible to infer that the regress into the wild primeval world was essential to Roman identity, just like the stories about the founder. Since a festival Louperkalion was held in Constantinople, it can be supposed that Lupercalia were one of the identitary symbols that the second Rome chose as heritage from the first one.
Un provincial dans l’Italie augusteenne : un autre regard sur la « patavinite » de Tite-Live
Authors: Briquel Dominique
Published: March 2018

Livy was born in Padua, among the Venetes, in a part of Italy which received Roman citizenship only in 49 BC and he was very proud of the origins of his little hometown — that could take pride in being, like Rome, a Trojan foundation. Indeed, before telling Aeneas’ arrival on the shore of Latium, he begins his Roman history telling the story of Antenor, the Trojan hero who founded Padova. Later, he insists on the victory of his fellow-citizens in 302 BC over the Spartan Cleonymos, one of the Greek generals who were appointed by the Tarentines to protect them from their enemies — a victory which appears to be a kind of anticipation of that of Rome against Pyrrhus. But Livy was well conscious that, in present times, the leading center in Italy and elsewhere was only Rome: the last time we hear of his native town in the extant books of his work is 174 BC, when the Romans had to restore order and peace in the Venetian town — an event which was considered so important in local memory that it was considered as the beginnig of a new era. The deep attachment of a provincial Roman like Livy to his little hometown did not prevent from feeling himself a member of the larger Roman comunity and resenting a strong attachment to Rome, head of the whole oikoumene and common patria of all Italians. He gives us a good example of the construction of a Roman Italy under Augustus.
The mythology of the Ara Pacis Augustae: Iconography and symbolism of the western side
Authors: Ionescu Dan-Tudor
Published: March 2018

The guiding idea of my article is to see the mythical and political ideology conveyed by the western side of the Ara Pacis Augustae in a (hopefully) new light. The Augustan ideology of power is in the modest opinion of the author intimately intertwined with the myths and legends concerning the Primordia Romae. Augustus strove very hard to be seen by his contemporaries as the Novus Romulus and as the providential leader (fatalis dux, an expression loved by Augustan poetry) under the protection of the traditional Roman gods and especially of Apollo, the Greek god who has been early on adopted (and adapted) by Roman mythology and religion.
Adversa divi Augusti. Pliny the Elder: Naturalis Historia 7. 147–150
Authors: Darab Ágnes
Published: March 2018

The life-work of Augustus and its memory is usually illustrated by the Res gestae as well as the historical pieces of Tacitus, Suetonius and Cassius Dio. This cultural memory omits the Augustus-portrait of the chapters 147–150 of Book 7 of the Naturalis Historia, which summarize the life or more exactly the misfortunes of the life of Rome’s first emperor. This anti-Res gestae divi Augusti is unique not only in ancient literature but in the context of the Naturalis Historia as well. Critics have advocated different explanations. This paper is devoted to an analysis of these chapters in the context of the textual unit that organically contains them, and which culminates in them.
Auguste et Virgile : l’enigme du Culex
Authors: Dion Jeanne
Published: March 2018

According to the earliest testimonies the Culex was attributed to the young Vergil. Recollecting the most important contributions, the author of the paper gives a wide overview about the problematics of this enigmatic Hellenistic epyllion. She focuses on the authorship and possible date of composition, and the person of addressee of the poem.
Magna Mater in wandelndem Wirkungskreis
Authors: Gesztelyi Tamás
Published: March 2018

In the poetry of the late Republic and the age of Augustus, a gradual expansion and Romanisation of the role of Magna Mater can be observed. In Catullus, she appears only as a goddess from Asia Minor linked to Attis’ repulsive act. In Lucretius, Cybele is identical with Rhea, which remarkably changes her position as she becomes the mother of all Olympian gods. In Vergil, in addition to being the mother of all gods, she is also the Chief Goddess of the Trojans, who plays an active role in shaping Aeneas’ fate. The most thorough picture of the Goddess is provided by Ovid, who covers every detail of the cult, placing emphasis on embracing the cult. He goes to great lengths to attribute Roman origin to its apparently foreign features, i.e., he tries to Romanise the already embraced cult as much as possible. All this must have taken place under the aegis of and in accordance with Augustus’ religious policy.
Augustus und Florus vor 2000 Jahren: Zur Wiederentdeckung und Rekonstruktion der Originalfassung des Geschichtswerkes des Iulius Florus (14/15 N. Chr.)
Authors: Neuhausen Karl August
Published: March 2018

The concise history of Rome, covering the 700 years from Romulus until Augustus and composed by an author with the cognomen Florus, is ranked since the Renaissance among the most often printed and most widely read ancient Latin prose works. But whereas this small work was until now commonly supposed to have been written by a “L. Annaeus” oder “P. Annius” Florus during the age of the emperor Trajan (or even later), the present article — based on four essays I have published already more than 20 years ago — demonstrates that almost the entire work was originally composed by a contemporary of Augustus, most likely by the same Iulius Florus to whom Horace addressed two famous letters (I 3 and II 2). We must, indeed, distinguish between two different versions of this work, namely on the one hand the genuine text edited by Iulius Florus, whose name appears as the author in the very important Codex Bambergensis (9th century), immediately after the consecration of the deceased Augustus (17 Sept. 14), and on the other hand a second edition prepared by an anonymous redactor in the era of Trajan (98–117), which was considered a revival of the Golden Age of Augustus; in addition, some further editions appeared later in the second century. All these new editions of Iulius Florus’s work contain just two crucial differences from his original text, namely two short interpolations in Iulius Florus’s preface: the short colon ut postea velut consenuerit, inserted into § 4, and the last sentence (§ 8), added to the original preface. Both interpolations, however, stand in marked contrast to the entire context of Florus’s composition. The main purpose of my article is, therefore, a reconstruction of the original form of Iulius Florus’s historical work, which contained not four or two books (as it is now generally assumed), but only one book, presented as a brevis tabella or breviarium of Roman history.
Augustus in der Hirtenwelt
Authors: Simon Lajos Zoltán
Published: March 2018

In the early modern age, pastoral poetry became a current genre of the praise of rulers, kings and emperors. In spite of its overwhelming richness and contemporaneous importance, this branch of the bucolic genre has received relatively little attention from researchers. Even in comprehensive works on the history of the genre, one often finds hasty remarks, e.g. that these panegyric poems were foremost influenced by Vergil’s Eclogue 4.

The present paper offers a short overview of the immense diversity of the genre, paying great attention not only to Vergil, but also to the decisive influence of Calpurnius Siculus, Sannazaro and Baptista Mantuanus, as well as to the techniques of the Kreuzung der Gattungen, mainly to the interaction between pastoral and epic poetry. The analysis shows that, in spite of the huge variety of forms and the large distances in time and space, the image of the ideal emperor is surprisingly constant, and that the picture of the mythical Golden Age is almost completely drawn with the motives of the idealized reign of Augustus taken from epic poetry.
The depiction of Livia and Julia Domna by Cassius Dio: Some observations
Authors: Bertolazzi Riccardo
Published: March 2018

Among the ancient authors who narrated the reign of Augustus and Tiberius, Cassius Dio is surely the one who dedicated the most space to the influence that Livia Drusilla exercised over both her husband and her son. In this regard, the foremost example is found in a large section where Dio narrates how Livia persuaded Augustus to forgive Cornelius Cinna for having plotted against his regime. Also, according to Dio, after the death of Augustus, Livia considerably increased her authority over the imperial government, trying not only to co-rule with her son, but also to become the sole effective ruler by controlling all his political activities. Some scholars have suggested that Dio probably exaggerated the role played by Livia because of the similar extraordinary power enjoyed by his contemporaries Julia Domna and the other Syrian women who lived during the Severan age. A close examination of Dio’s passages dedicated to Livia reveals no traces of situations that could refer to his contemporary political situation. The statements of the Bithynian historian and senator concerning Livia are normally well detailed because he made use of good sources. Indubitably, Livia’s strong influence was fundamental in shaping the reign of both Augustus and Tiberius. Even two centuries later, while Severus was trying to depict his regime as a new golden era on the model of Augustus, Julia Domna followed the example of Livia on many occasions. Nevertheless, Dio does not seem to be aware of these analogies and his work appears to be characterized by a mere record of facts rather than an investigation of their real power within the imperial court.
Maecenas between apologies and anthologies: Past scholarship and new researches
Authors: Costa Stefano
Published: March 2018

Maecenas’ character has been handed down variously and sometimes contradictorily by ancient sources; modern critics have contributed even more to stress extravagant features of his personality and writings. This paper aims to highlight the most important ways of interpretation and to suggest new hints of research starting from a re-analysis of texts.
Virgil’s ambivalence towards Octavian
Authors: Gagliardi Paola
Published: March 2018

There is a clear link between Virgil’s Ecl. 1 and the ending of the Georgics, suggested by the quotation of Ecl. 1. 1 at Georg. 4. 566. Common to the two texts is a dualistic structure, in Ecl. 1 between the different situations of Tityrus and Meliboeus, and in Georg. 4. 559–566 between the different choices of life by Octavian and the poet. But the two texts are also linked by the figure of Octavian, in Ecl. 1 iuvenis deus, but also responsible for the land eviction suffered by Meliboeus, at Georg. 4. 560–562 thundering and shining god, opposite to Virgil’s leisure. It is a symptom of a constantly ambivalent attitude of Virgil towards him, confirmed once again at the end of the Aeneid: here in a new dualism (Aeneas/Turnus, mercy/vengeance) we find a figure (the hero) and a theme (revenge) closely related to Octavian. So these key-points of his poetry offer an opportunity to reflect on the range and limits of Virgil’s consent to the Augustan regime.
Augustus, Agrippa, the Ara Pacis, and the coinage of 13 BC
Authors: Stern Gaius
Published: March 2018

In 13 BC, Augustus returned to Rome from a lengthy tour of the western provinces, just as Agrippa returned from the East. All conditions had been readied to present to the Roman people the establishment of Agrippa as the new partner of Augustus’ labours after a multi-year build up, culminating in the Ara Pacis ceremony at which Agrippa co-presided. However, to those watching the political slogans and headlines of the Roman mint, the Ara Pacis ceremony and Agrippa’s prominent role therein did not bring news, for the coinage of 13 boldly proclaims Agrippa as if he were second princeps by advertizing his enhanced status and by highlighting his accomplishments beyond the level ever provided for any of Augustus’ other colleagues, including his eventual successor, Tiberius (whose own enhancement of powers after AD 4 was modeled upon the precedent of Agrippa).

The coinage of 13 BC represents a break from the recent general pattern in that it broke up Augustus’ quasi-regal domination of the mint, and it sent out two simultaneous and compatible messages. Firstly, and more specifically, the imagery informed the Roman public as do newspaper headlines today of the elevation of Agrippa as Augustus’ legal equal, showing that Rome was no monarchy. The Roman mint alternated between standard issues for certain messages and new images for others, including escalation of the status of Agrippa.

The year 13 provided several occasions to raise the status of Agrippa, a novus homo. Agrippa was offered a third triumph, which he again refused. He received a new priesthood(s). His tribunician power was renewed for five years, as was that of Augustus. And at the Ara Pacis ceremony, Agrippa shared equal credit for pacifying the Empire in a ceremony that may have included closing the Gates of Janus. Much of this information comes to us not just from textual evidence, but also the archeological record. The coinage of 13 informs us of the regime’s official statements and the Ara Pacis itself shows the veiled Augustus at the head of the Pontifical College and the veiled Agrippa completing the Pontifical College and starting the imperial family as a demonstration of his integral role in the state, although tragically his life would end before the Ara Pacis was completed, leaving it to be a monument of a vision of the future Augustus was never able to achieve.
Priests of the groves (re)creating ancient rites in the Augustan culture
Authors: Simón Francisco Marco
Published: March 2018

The past was reinvented in the Augustan culture through true or fictitious archaic cults, and this paper deals with some priesthoods related to sacred groves, or with the iconography of sacred luci appearing in some coins. Some examples are considered, such as an inscription from Peñaflor/Celti (Seville) mentioning a pontufex nemoris, a reference to the eques P. Aelius Marcellus, who appears in an epigraph from Umbria not only as Laurens Lavinas but also as flamen lucularis, or some images that document the reception of ancient notions of the sacred groves in the Roman provinces, as some recurrent types in the coins of Juba II of Mauritania depicting trees with an altar between them and the legend Lucus Augusti show. The question of whether these manifestations are merely expression of loyalism to the Emperor or whether they might imply some kind of local tradition is also posed.
Augustus’ classicism: Oratory and Roman law in context
Authors: Ferrándiz Emilia Mataix
Published: March 2018

Traditionally, the place of oratory in Roman law has been approached from two points of view: its place in Roman litigation and the possible influence of rhetoric in Roman jurisprudence and its methodology.2 I would like to focus on three main aspects of these two perspectives in the context of the age of Augustus. These are: first, the influence of rhetoric in Roman jurisprudence and its methodology; second, the impact of the Augustan Lex Iulia iudiciorum privatorum, which affected the judicial procedure; and third, the effect of the so-called “Augustan Classicism”3 (concerning the debate about style in oratory) in the language employed in Roman litigation. All these aspects connect rhetoric and Roman law, here focusing on the Augustan age. To understand the discourse, it is necessary to clarify that while the term “oratory” refers to the process of giving a speech, being the theoretical frame that embodies diverse disciplines, such as the speech, the dissertation, or the conference, on the other hand, “rhetoric” must be understood as the method employed in oratory, by which the speaker tries to give the written or spoken language enough efficacy to delight, persuade or touch the audience or the reader.4 So, on one side we have the theory and on the other, the practice. These terms are going to be used in this paper depending on whether we refer to the theoretical science or the practice carried out by the diverse subjects. This paper will display the role of Augustus as an organiser, settling on practices that have been carried out before his procedural reform, and how his preference for a concrete style on rhetoric can also have been influential on the Roman procedure that was being employed at the beginning of the Empire.
Hispellum: A case study of the Augustan agenda
Authors: Carboni Tiziana
Published: March 2018

A survey of archaeological, epigraphic, and literary sources demonstrates that Hispellum is an adequate case study to examine the different stages through which Augustus’ Romanization program was implemented. Its specificity mainly resides in the role played by the shrine close to the river Clitumnus as a symbol of the meeting between the Umbrian identity and the Roman culture.