bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As frequências naturais de uma corda de instrumento musical a partir de seus parâmetros geométricos e físicos
Authors: Catelli Francisco , Mussato Gabriel Abreu
Published: July 2014

O comprimento da escala, o diâmetro, a tensão e o material de que é feita uma corda de instrumento musical são, via de regra, fornecidos pelos fabricantes, e com esses dados a frequência do harmônico fundamental pode ser facilmente calculada, como é mostrado nesse trabalho. Os resultados, adequados para as cordas de violão (ou guitarra) não encapadas, deixam de sê-lo quando cordas de maior calibre, cuja massa foi aumentada por meio de um enrolamento adicional de fio de bronze ou níquel, são consideradas. O cálculo é então aperfeiçoado para levar em conta esse fator; um modelo desenhado para o laboratório de física é proposto. Os resultados da teorização proposta revelam-se acurados, tanto para as cordas encapadas quanto para o modelo didático proposto.
Soluções clássicas de sistemas acoplados dependentes do tempo
Authors: Lima Augusto P.C.M. , Macedo Diego X. , Guedes Ilde
Published: July 2014

Neste trabalho estudamos um sistema clássico de dois osciladores harmônicos acoplados com massas (m i), constantes de mola (k i) e parâmetro de acoplamento (κ) dependentes do tempo. Para encontrar as soluções das equações de movimento de cada oscilador, usamos uma transformação canônica para reescrever a hamiltoniana do sistema acoplado como a soma das hamiltonianas de dois osciladores harmônicos desacoplados com frequências modificadas e massas unitárias. Analisamos o comportamento de x i,v i = ẋi e do diagrama de fase x i vs.vi para o sistema m1=m2=moeγt e k1=k2=κ=koeγt
As forças de atrito e os freios ABS
Authors: Abeid L. , Tort A.C.
Published: July 2014

Neste trabalho nós revisamos a dinâmica dos freios ABS e propomos um modo simples de discuti-la no ensino médio.
Estados ligados em um potencial delta duplo via transformadas seno e cosseno de Fourier
Authors: Castro A.S. de
Published: July 2014

O problema de estados ligados em um potencial delta duplo é revisto com o uso do método das transformadas seno e cosseno de Fourier.
The double slit experience with light from the point of view of Feynman's sum of multiple paths
Authors: Fanaro María de los Ángeles , Arlego Marcelo , Otero María Rita
Published: July 2014

This paper presents an analysis of the double slit experience with light, by using concepts of the Feynman method of "sum of multiple paths" in quantum mechanics. The advantages of this formulation for the teaching of basic aspects of quantum mechanics in the high-school level are analyzed.
A downward buoyant force experiment
Authors: Lima F.M.S. , Venceslau G.M. , Brasil G.T.
Published: July 2014

In hydrostatics, the Archimedes principle predicts an upward force whenever a body is submerged in a liquid. In contrast to common sense, this physical law is not free of exceptions, as for example when the body touches the container. This is more evident when a rectangular block less dense than the liquid rests on the bottom, with no liquid underneath it, a case in which a downward force is expected, according to a recent work by the first author. In the present work, we describe a simple, low-cost experiment which allows the detection of such force. This counterintuitive result shows the inadequacy of Archimedes' principle for treating "contact" cases.
O método numérico de Numerov aplicado à equação de Schrödinger
Authors: Caruso Francisco , Oguri Vitor
Published: July 2014

Neste artigo mostra-se como resolver numericamente problemas de autovalor associados a equações diferenciais ordinárias lineares de segunda ordem, contendo também termos que dependem da derivada primeira da variável incógnita. Nesse sentido, faz-se uma apresentação didática do método de Numerov e, em seguida, ele é aplicado a dois problemas clássicos da mecânica quântica não relativística cujas soluções analíticas são bem conhecidas: o oscilador harmônico simples e o átomo de hidrogênio. Os resultados numéricos são confrontados com os obtidos analiticamente.
Correntes de Foucault: Aspectos básicos
Authors: Cattani M. , Vannucci A.
Published: July 2014

Este artigo foi escrito para mostrar aos alunos de graduação em física e engenharia como estimar as correntes de Foucault. Inicialmente fazemos uma breve análise das condições de contorno entre dois meios com diferentes parâmetros ε, µ e σ, que devem ser obedecidas tanto por campos eletromagnéticos estáticos quanto dependentes do tempo. Em seguida, usando as equações de Maxwell calculamos as "correntes de Foucault", ou eddy currents, que surgem em um condutor plano metálico (paramagnético ou diamagnético) quando sobre ele é aplicado um campo magnético B (t) variável no tempo, gerado por um solenoide longo de seção reta circular.
Uma introdução ao controle do caos em sistemas hamiltonianos quase integráveis
Authors: Silva Junior Vilarbo da , Carvalho Alexsandro M.
Published: July 2014

Sistemas Hamiltonianos quase integráveis são de grande interesse em diversos campos de pesquisa da física e da matemática. Nesses sistemas, o espaço de fase apresenta trajetórias regulares e caóticas. Essas trajetórias dependem, em parte, da amplitude da perturbação que quebra a integrabilidade do sistema. O valor da perturbação crítica responsável por esta transição é um elemento chave no controle do caos. No presente trabalho, exploramos um procedimento para o controle do caos em sistema hamiltoniano quase integrável baseado na alteração de um parâmetro (perturbação). Inicialmente, apresentamos as ferramentas básicas para este estudo: mapa hamiltoniano, linearização do mapa e critério de Chirikov. Posteriormente, investigamos o comportamento de uma interação do tipo onda-partícula frente a perturbação. Por fim, confrontamos os resultados analíticos com uma abordagem numérica (iteração do mapa), mostrando um bom acordo.
Classical path from quantum motion for a particle in a transparent box
Authors: Vincenzo Salvatore De
Published: July 2014

We consider the problem of a free particle inside a one-dimensional box with transparent walls (or equivalently, along a circle with a constant speed) and discuss the classical and quantum descriptions of the problem. After calculating the mean value of the position operator in a time-dependent normalized complex general state and the Fourier series of the function position, we explicitly prove that these two quantities are in accordance by (essentially) imposing the approximation of high principal quantum numbers on the mean value. The presentation is accessible to advanced undergraduate students with a knowledge of the basic ideas of quantum mechanics.
Using a smartphone acceleration sensor to study uniform and uniformly accelerated circular motions
Authors: Castro-Palacio Juan C. , Velazquez Luisberis , Gómez-Tejedor José A. , Manjón Francisco J. , Monsoriu Juan A.
Published: July 2014

The acceleration sensor of a smartphone is used for the study of the uniform and uniformly accelerated circular motions in two experiments. Data collected from both experiments are used for obtaining the angular velocity and the angular acceleration, respectively. Results obtained with the acceleration sensor are in good agreement with alternative methods, like using video recordings of both experiments and a physical model of the second experiment.
Raios cósmicos e a heliosfera
Authors: Oliveira A.G. Izzo de , Rockenbach M. , Pacini A.A.
Published: July 2014

Este texto sintetiza a modulação pelas partículas do fluxo de raios cósmicos galáticos durante seu transporte na heliosfera, fornecendo algumas referências necessárias para a compreensão do assunto aos interessados no tema. Neste contexto, os elementos, fenômenos e eventos estão descritos de modo preferencialmente teórico-conceitual, apenas utilizando a formulação matemática quando ela se faz realmente indispensável. Partindo das noções fundamentais de raios cósmicos e heliosfera, discute-se a interação mútua desses destes elementos, que está severamente relacionada à dinâmica dos fluidos e ao eletromagnetismo. A conclusão relata a importância da compreensão do assunto para a geociência e as ciências espaciais.
Relação entre o desempenho em física e o desempenho em outras disciplinas da etapa inicial de um curso de engenharia
Authors: Gerab Fábio , Valério Araceli Denise Antunez
Published: July 2014

Este trabalho estudou os indicadores de desempenho acadêmico na etapa inicial de cursos de engenharia buscando identificar padrões de relação entre o desempenho acadêmico obtido na disciplina de Física I e o rendimento nas demais disciplinas do primeiro semestre deste curso, ministrado tanto no período diurno como no noturno. Utilizou-se Análise por Regressão Linear Múltipla (RLM) e Análise por Regressão Logística (RL). Os desempenhos dos alunos ingressantes tanto no primeiro semestre como no segundo semestre do ano foram analisados separadamente e seus resultados comparados. A consistência entre os resultados obtidos pela RLM e pela RL foi verificada, selecionando-se o melhor modelo preditivo para o desempenho em Física I. Determinaram-se os impactos significativos do desempenho acadêmico nas demais disciplinas no desempenho em Física I. Neste contexto destacou-se a importância dos conhecimentos de cálculo vetorial e geometria analítica como fortemente relacionados com o desempenho em Física I. Como a disciplina Física I é ministrada no primeiro semestre para o curso diurno e no segundo semestre para o curso noturno, investigou-se a existência de ganhos de desempenho associados a este remanejamento da disciplina de Física I no noturno. Para tanto, o modelo de RLM determinado para os alunos do curso diurno foi tomado como referência e aplicado aos alunos do curso noturno. Os resultados obtidos não foram capazes de apontar diferenças no desempenho.
Internal reflection on a watch glass surrounded by water: A simple experiment and a variation
Authors: Ribeiro Jair Lúcio Prados
Published: July 2014

When a watch is submerged in water, an observer might come to realize that the glass surface appears silver, like a mirror, due to internal reflection. However, it is not possible to clearly identify in which surface - internal or external - this reflection occurs. An experimental variation is proposed, using a thicker glass, allowing better identification of the inner surface as the reflector, along with hints for qualitative and quantitative discussions.
Estudo comparativo de rolamento e a determinação do início de deslizamento de uma esfera num plano inclinado
Authors: Goya Alcides , Laburú Carlos Eduardo , Camargo Filho Paulo Sérgio de
Published: July 2014

Este trabalho faz um estudo comparativo entre as velocidades de rolamento de uma esfera de aço num plano inclinado com lançamento oblíquo. Para determinar a velocidade final no plano inclinado foram utilizados cronômetros com sensores digitais, e para determinar a velocidade inicial do lançamento oblíquo foram utilizadas as equações de alcance horizontal. Através do gráfico da velocidade em função da raiz quadrada da altura do plano inclinado, foi possível determinar a faixa de compatibilidade entre os dois primeiros modos para obter a velocidade da esfera, bem como fazer a comparação com um terceiro modo, no qual se admitiu a conservação da energia mecânica. Através do mesmo tipo de gráfico, foi possível determinar, pelo início do deslizamento, o valor do coeficiente de atrito entre a esfera e o plano inclinado, cujo resultado ficou compatível com outra forma simples de determinação.
Máquina de Atwood com massa variável em movimento oscilatório atípico
Authors: Lucatto B. , Caprecci M.B. , Gonçalves J.V.A. , Sismanoglu B.N.
Published: July 2014

O problema da máquina de Atwood com massa variável é apresentado neste trabalho através de uma configuração robusta, que permite a aquisição de dados da dinâmica do movimento oscilatório durante um intervalo de tempo relativamente longo. O sistema é facilmente implementado através da utilização de uma polia e um conjunto de três corpos cujas massas obedecem a relação M>m1>m2 e M<m1+m2. O problema pode ser tratado de maneira lúdica para alunos do ensino médio ou com uma profundidade maior, através da utilização do formalismo Lagrangiano, para estudantes de nível superior. O movimento oscilatório do sistema não se assemelha com nenhum dos casos de amortecimento periódico ou aperiódico observado na literatura, pois a massa do sistema varia em intervalos de tempo não constantes. Através da utilização de fotogates (sensores) acoplados à polia e do software Tracker obteve-se um conjunto de variáveis dinâmicas para comparação com os resultados esperados oriundos da descrição analítica.
Currículo interdisciplinar para licenciatura em ciências da natureza
Authors: Santos Carlos Alberto dos , Valeiras Nora
Published: July 2014

Descreve-se neste trabalho uma proposta de currículo interdisciplinar para a formação de professores de ciências da natureza. O curso permite a obtenção de quatro diplomas: professor de ciências para o Ensino Fundamental (nomenclatura brasileira), professor de biologia, física e química para o Ensino Médio. O diploma de professor de ciências é obtido com a integralização de créditos oferecidos ao longo dos três primeiros anos do curso. Para cada ano subsequente é possível obter os diplomas de professor do Ensino Médio. Os componentes curriculares pertinentes às ciências da natureza são inteiramente interdisciplinares nos três primeiros anos. No quarto ano são oferecidas disciplinas específicas de biologia, física e química, para a respectiva formação de professor do Ensino Médio.
Effects of heating/cooling on recovery of strength and carbonation resistance of fire-damaged concrete
Authors: Li Qingtao , Yuan Guanglin , Shu Qianjin
Published: July 2014

This study investigated the effects of elevated temperature and cooling method on the compressive strength and carbonation depth of concrete specimens which were re-cured for different durations. The concrete specimens were heated to different temperatures up to 750°C and were then cooled in air or by spraying with water. After cooling to room temperature, the specimens were post-fire cured in a controlled environment for a total duration of 90 d. Compressive strength and accelerated carbonation tests were conducted to measure the changes in the compressive strength and carbonation depth of the concrete specimens. The experimental results indicate that the compressive strength of air-cooled concrete exposed to temperatures of 150, 300 and 450°C reached respectively 101·6%, 97·2% and 81·9% of the original values. However, after exposure to temperatures of 600°C and 750°C, the compressive strength of the air-cooled concrete decreased to 40·4% and 26·2% of the original values respectively. The compressive strength values of water-cooled concrete heated to 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750°C gradually changed to respectively 102·7%, 96·7%, 80·2%, 46·9% and 28·7% of the original values. The carbonation resistance of concrete was not recovered for concretes exposed to temperatures above 450°C and the carbonation resistance of the water-cooled concrete was lower than that of air-cooled concrete. After exposure to a temperature of 600°C, similar variations were observed in concretes with water-to-cement ratios of 0·55 and 0·35.
Relationship between birth weight and body growth characteristics of lambs
Authors: Petrovic M.P. , Petrovic V.C. , Ilic Z. , Ruzic-Muslic D. , Petrovic M.M. , Stojkovic J. , Maksimovic N.
Published: July 2014

Research was carried out in population of R2 generation Pirot pramenka x
Pirot improved sheep during period of three years. Lambs were divided into
three groups: I from 2.5 kg to 3.5 kg; II from 3.6 kg to 4.5 kg; III from 4.6
kg to 5.5 kg. Weight of lambs was controlled at birth, with 30, 60 and 90
days of age. Average body weight at birth of the tested lambs was 3.35 kg in
the first group, 4.30 kg in the second group and 5.06 kg in the third group.
At 30 days of age, the body weight of the lambs was 10.19 kg in the first
group, 11.39 kg in the second and 12.49 kg in the third group. All these
differences in body weight of lambs at birth were statistically highly
significant (P_ 0.01). With 60 days of age, average body weight was 16.48 kg
in the first group, 19.01 kg in the second and 20.49 kg in the third group.
Differences between groups of lambs at this age were statistically very
significant (P_0.01).On the end of experiment at 90 days of lambs age, we
have found the following values of the body weight of lambs: 26.35 kg in the
first group, when the second 30.49 kg and 28.93 kg in the third group.
Differences between groups of lambs at this age were statistically very
significant (P_0.01). At the age of 90 days maximum weight of the body was in
the second group of lambs, or a group which body weight at birth occupied the
mean of the population. Correlations between body weights of lambs vary from
weak to midsized values. The highest values of correlation coefficients were
found between body weight at birth and weight of lambs at 30 days of age.
Survivability of lambs in relation to their dam’s haemoglobin variants
Authors: Iyiola-Tunji A.O. , Akpa G.N. , Nwagu B.I. , Adeyinka I.A.
Published: July 2014

A total of 65 Yankasa, 23 Uda and 16 Balami ewes were mated to 4 Yankasa, 3
Uda and 3 Balami rams in a diallel breeding pattern to produce 192 lambs
within 9 genotypes, which were used to study survivability of lambs in
relation to their dam?s haemoglobin variants. Blood samples (5ml) were
collected from 104 ewes and 10 rams through jugular venepuncture.
Electrophoresis was carried out in a Shandon electrophoresis tank on
cellulose acetate strips. Each of the 9 lamb genotypes had very high
proportion of HbAB. The dam?s haemoglobin type BB (HbBB) were only found in
YK X YK, UD X UD, YK X UD, BL X YK and BL X UD lambs at birth and 90-Day.
Survivability of lamb that were given birth to by dams with haemoglobin type
(HbAB) is highest in the studied populations from birth to 360-Day. Lambs
with Hbshould be selected for improved survivability of sheep in Northern
Nigeria.
Roost-Site Characteristics of the Mediterranean Shag Phalacrocorax Aristotelis Desmarestii Along the Slovenian Coast
Authors: Bordjan Dejan , Gamser Matej , Kozina Aleksander , Novak Jure , Denac Mitja
Published: July 2014

Several bird species utilize artificial structures for communal roosting. Between 26 May and 28 Jun 2012, the selection of buoys and times of departure by Mediterranean Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii were studied at three communal roosts within shellfish farms in the Bays of Sv. Jernej (Debeli rtič), Strunjan and Piran (Sečovlje). A total of 3,110 buoys were counted and categorized into two groups according to their shape (horizontal and vertical) and colours. The black horizontally floating buoys were of two types (barrelshaped and oval). The Shags chose to utilize the horizontally floating buoys only, most often black and white in colour. Owing to their poorer stability and smaller standing surface, the vertically floating buoys are clearly unsuitable for them. The highest share of Shags with regard to the number of buoys of separate types was registered on black barrel-shaped buoys. As the percentage of occupied buoys was similar at all roost sites (36-39%), it was deduced that Shags distribute evenly among roosts, regardless of the number of individuals present in the Slovenian sea. At the larger roost at Debeli rtič, the percentage of adult individuals (73.5%) was greater than at Strunjan (42.5%). This could be due to the competition for better places, given that competitively stronger individuals select safer larger roosts. Between 5.42 and 9.00 hrs, 53.3% and 69.1% of Shags departed from the roost sites at Debeli rtič and Strunjan, respectively, with the majority of departures recorded between 7.50 and 8.30 hrs. They left their roosts mostly individually (48.7%) or in pairs (23.3%), at Debeli rtič predominantly in the SW (58.9%) and W (16.9%) directions, and at Strunjan in the NE (42.3%) and N (38.5%) directions.
Systemic capillary leak syndrome due to systemic inflammatory response syndrome in infants: a report on 31 patients
Authors: Yang Chun-Yan , Xu Ping , Yang Yu-Jun , Li Bao-Yun , Sun Shi-Zhi , Yang Qiao-Zhi , Wang Le-Xin
Published: July 2014

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features, management strategies and outcomes of 31 infants with systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) secondary to sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome. There were 23 boys and 8 girls, with an average age 9.6 ± 2.1 days (range, 3.1 to 20 days). The primary disease was pneumonia in 11 patients and sepsis in other 20. Within 72 hrs of admission, all had progressive skin and mucosal edema, septic shock, respiratory distress, oliguria and severe hypoalbuminemia (10–20g/L). Other complications were pulmonary edema or hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, heart failure, renal or liver dysfunction. All patients were treated with mechanical ventilation with a mean mechanical ventilation time of 19.7± 3.5 days. Intravenous hydroxyethyl starch was also applied at an early stage for 4–12 days, together with broad spectrum antibiotics, plasma and albumin infusion. Twenty one patients (67.0%) were discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit after a median stay of 29 days, and 7 died (37.0%) in the hospital. During a 6.3-month follow-up, 4 patients had hydrocephalus and another 4 had muscle spasm or rigidity in the lower-limbs. We conclude that SCLS is a serious complication of neonatal sepsis with a high rate of in-hospital mortality and post-discharge disability.
Animal and human dentin microstructure and elemental composition
Authors: Mlakar Nina , Pavlica Zlatko , Petelin Milan , Štrancar Janez , Zrimšek Petra , Pavlič Alenka
Published: July 2014

Animal teeth are a common model in studies on dentin adhesive materials. The aim of this study was to compare microstructural parameters (density and diameter of dentinal tubules (DT), peritubular dentin (PTD) thickness, PTD and intertubular dentin (ITD) surface area) and chemical characteristics of canine, porcine, equine, and human root dentin. The middle layers of dentin were harvested just below a cemento-enamel junction from incisors and investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). SEM evaluation of the specimens revealed, that porcine dentin shared most similarities with human dentin. When comparing the density of DTs, canine dentin was also found to be similar to human dentin. Elemental composition of the root dentin did not differ significantly in porcine, equine and human dentin, but in canine dentin higher magnesium value in PTD compared to ITD was found. It is known that microstructural and chemical characteristics affect the strength of the adhesive bonds created among restorative materials and dentin. According to the results of this study, porcine dentin seems to be the most appropriate model to study dental materials to be used in human restorative dentistry.
Behavioural manifestations of dairy cattle in the pasture-based system
Authors: Voříšková Jarmila , Beneš Karel , Kobes Milan , Pozdíšek Jan
Published: July 2014

A pasture-based system for dairy cattle is not common due to the need for milking, despite the fact that this system provides the possibility of natural animal behaviour. Six behavioural observations were carried out during the grazing season in dairy herds bred in a mountainous area (700 m a. s. l.) The basic herd was comprised of 53 cows, mainly of the Holstein breed. From April to November the herd was located on pastures near the stables and milked twice a day in a tandem milking parlour. Feed ration was composed of pasture and concentrated feed in the stable. During the grazing season, there was a slight variation with a tendency to extend the grazing period to the autumn months. The cattle grazed the shortest time in May - 35.0% of the day or 8.4 hours. In the autumn months the grazing time increased by 2.2 and 2.6 hours respectively. Cows were resting the longest time period in May and June (8.9 and 9.1 h respectively). On the other hand, cows were resting for the shortest time in October (6.8 hours). During the grazing period the milk yield decreased from 20.4 kg in April to 14.4 kg in November.
Organoleptic parameters of meat from cows of two age categories depending on marbling
Authors: Zaujec Květoslav , Idriss Sharaf Eldeen , Lahučký Rudolf , Palanská Olga
Published: July 2014

The aim of the experiment was to compare the sensory characteristics of meat from cows of two age categories and depending on to the degree of marbling. Slaughter cows were divided into two age categories: up to 4 years of age and over 4 years of age. Meat samples from m. longissimus dorsi for tasting were taken from the right carcass halves between rib 9 to 11. The marbling degree was evaluated according to a 10 point scale (1 - very strong marbling, 10 - virtually no marbling or only traces). A sensory evaluation of the meat was carried out on day 7 after the slaughter of the animals. Meat samples were stored for 7 days and then they were grilled to evaluate their flavour, taste, tenderness and juiciness (degree 1 - without flavour, taste, tenderness, juiciness, degree 5 - very high flavour, tenderness, taste, and juiciness). We also set a score for the shear force of the grilled meat in our device Texture Analyser. There are no significant differences in sensory evaluation between the categories in relation to meat marbling, which would indicate better or worse sensory evaluation of meat. With the characteristic shear force of the grilled meat there were more favourable results at all levels of marbling in category up to 4 years of age.
The Enlightenment Tradition of Nepal: Can the Civil Society Grasp it?
Authors: Dahal Dev Raj
Published: July 2014

Nepal's history of enlightenment reflects three traditions—Vedic, Videha Janak and Buddhist. Each of these traditions searches the meaning of life, actual human condition, links with nature and ways of emancipation. The cardinal features of its native civil society are rooted into niskam karma (selfless service) to others, enlightened thinking and action. Modern civil society troubled by the turmoil of post-modernity needs to capture this ancient wisdom that sees human life in the interconnection with other species rather than isolated fragments and requires to perform many other tasks to move the this post-conflict nation from violence to stable peace. Nourishing the civic virtues of freedom, justice, solidarity, reconciliation and peace are vital nutrients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10720Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 8, 2014; 1-28
Livelihood Change and Household Strategies: Social Divergence of the Working Class in Dhading
Authors: Luintel Youba Raj
Published: July 2014

How do households, in an agrarian setting under transition, reposition themselves amidst the increasing opportunities and constraints posed by expansive capitalist market? Do household responses exhibit any pattern that helps us understand long term social change? If so, what theoretical significance does such a pattern instigate in the wider political economic context of shifting class formations? This article mainly discusses recent dynamics in the organisation of production in Mahesh Khola, the research site in the South-East Dhading, from the perspective of intra-class divergence and social differentiation. It argues that the working class in Mahesh Khola is undergoing a process of internal differentiation that is reflected in two main, rather opposite, trends: on the one hand, part of the rural workforce is migrating to the capital city of Kathmandu in search of urban jobs, while on the other hand, and in contrary, an important segment of the same has intensified its engagement in agriculture. As a matter of fact, one can notice a weakening up of the working class in the rural setting.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10721Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 8, 2014; 29-54
Afno Manchhe: Unequal Access to Public Resources and Institutions in Nepal
Authors: Subedi Madhusudan
Published: July 2014

This paper highlights the informal inner circle network approach to maintaining relationships and reciprocating favors within a system that significantly affect the performance of incumbents in formal bureaucratic organizations. While this is a general sociological problem in any society, this article deals with how afno manchhe behavior is manifested in Nepal. Without afno manchhe relations, one risks marginalization, disappointments and failures in one's struggle to realize important goals in life. In such a situation, the malfunctioning of administration and dissatisfaction arise at every level. There is thus a significant relationship between one's position in afno manchhe networks and inclusion-exclusion processes. This of course has consequences for the widespread practice of corruption in Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10722Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 8, 2014; 55-86
Doing Research in a Conflict Situation Encounters and Experiences
Authors: Dhakal Suresh
Published: July 2014

Fieldwork, an anthropologist's vocation, is full of tensions and dilemmas. However, the experiences of any or all tensions, troubles and even failures are a 'source of ethnographic knowledge in themselves'. During the fieldwork for my PhD research, I encountered several such incidents, which have made my work more interesting and my experience richer. This article describes the situation of doing fieldwork in the conflict period, when the 'peace process' was not yet come to the conclusion.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10723Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 8, 2014; 87-98
"Women are the pillars of Our Culture": Bohna as a resurgent cloth among the Dhimal
Authors: Rai Janak
Published: July 2014

Bohna is the traditional ethnic dress woven and worn by Dhimal women. It is an everyday dress which Dhimal women wear it in all kinds of social spaces and events: home, fields, markets, cinema halls, colleges, mela, and other places. In the recent decades, with the resurgence of indigenous political movements and Dhimals' localized social movements for revival of their customary practices, bohna has emerged as a powerful marker of Dhimal indigenous identity. This paper examines the historical, cultural and political embeddedness of bohna in Dhimal society. The paper highlights the creative agency of Dhimal women by showing how weaving and exchange of bohna recreate and connect the embedded relations of affection, exchange and mutual obligations between Dhimal women.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10724Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 8, 2014; 99-112
Industrial Urbanization and Social Change
Authors: Gurung Birendra Singh
Published: July 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v1i0.1552Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.1 2004 p.15-50
Questionnaire: A Tool of Primary Data Collection
Authors: Parajuli Biswo Kallyan
Published: July 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v1i0.1553Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.1 2004 p.51-63
FMIS of Nepal: Balancing Water Use and Environment Conservation for Sustainable Livelihood
Authors: Shivakoti Ganesh Prasad , Shrestha Shiddi Ganesh
Published: July 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v1i0.1554 Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.1 2004 p.64-74
Nepal and the Modern World System
Authors: Lamsal Mukunda
Published: July 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v1i0.1559 Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.1 2004 p.161-168
Ethnic Rights and Politics in Nepal
Authors: Gellner David N
Published: July 2014

No AbstractDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v2i0.1578Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.2 2005 p.1-17
Elements of Social Learning Approach in Managing Forest as a Common Property: A Perspective from the ANRM from a Hill Village of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Uprety Laya Prasad
Published: July 2014

No abstract availableDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v2i0.1582Himalayan Journal of Sociology & Anthropology Vol.2 2005 p.88-132
Sanskritization and Caste Opposition: A Shift from Ritual to Politico-economic Power
Authors: B.K. Amar Bahadur
Published: July 2014

Although ‘Sanskritization' had been a popular term among sociologists and anthropologists during the decades of fifties and sixties, the concept gradually faltered after modernization and westernization took precedence over it. However, the concept has again been able to get attention of intellectuals, especially of those who involve in discourses on Dalit in Nepal, engaged in imitating the higher castes especially after the reinstatement of democracy in 1990 that opened up the new avenues for caste mobility and opposition. Teetotalism, vegetarianism, temple building and its worship, fasting, reading religious books, discarding carcass, wearing sacred thread etc by Dalits are some of the examples of imitations. It is commonly presumed by the Nepalese social scientists especially by Dalits that such imitations are Sanskritization. Therefore, given the changing caste structure and function in the Nepalese society the present article attempts to answer questions as to; whether such imitations are Sanskritization, what the relationship is between imitation and caste notion and hierarchy and how caste has been functioning in present society and is understood by Dalit. The paper has been prepared on the basis of a field work in four Dalit settlements in Pokhara for four months.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1492  Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.1-10
Pollution of Seti River in Pokhara: An Anthropological Perspective
Authors: Bhandari Amrit Kumar
Published: July 2014

Seti River is one of important components of the ecology of Pokhara so it holds a great significance for maintaining ecological balance and fulfilling different types of needs of people here. But only a few people are aware of its real value while others are pretending to be unaware of this and are accelerating its pollution. It's true that its pollution is not as devastating as the pollution of the Bagmati and the Vishnumati in Kathmandu. But its pollution is increasing, if it goes on increasing like this, it will surely reach that devastating stage in the near future which will threaten the existence of eco-system and components including human kind inhabiting around its vicinity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1493 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.11-33
Citizen Perceptions of Green Space Park in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Biswo Kallyan , Giri Padam , Shrestha Krishna Mohan , Suvedi Murari
Published: July 2014

Pokhara valley is located in western Nepal at an elevation of about 3,000 feet above sea level. It was declared a municipality in 1959 with an estimated population of 4,000. Since then, the city of Pokhara has faced tremendous growth pressure. Its population reached 200,000 in 2005 - a 50-fold increase in population in 46 years. Land prices have increased at a much higher rate than the population. Most of the arable land has been replaced by roads and buildings. There is a concern that Pokhara is facing growth pressure similar to that of Kathmandu Valley, as described by Pradhan and Perera (2005). As land prices soar, there is tremendous pressure on public land for development, and the municipality has not been able to maintain open space for public use. Pokhara has established few sites as public parks, and most of these parks are small parcels of land fenced for protection from cattle and water buffalo with few or no plants/ flowers and other resources for leisure time activities. There are no plans for the development of a nature park or a green space area where people could see, feel and touch ornamental plants and flowers. Furthermore, the city lacks an open green space where people could walk, jog or spend leisure or free time.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1494 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p. 34-45
Social Policies and its Direct Impact on Poverty Reduction
Authors: Thapa Buddhi Bahadur
Published: July 2014

Poverty is one of the major factors that bring obstacles in any kind of growth and development in any part of the world. The problem of poverty is complex in our country so there is a need of appropriate policies that can reduce social inequality and maintain social justice in Nepalese societies. Appropriate social policies can bring positive changes in the life of rural and urban poor. In this light, this article focuses on the role of social policies on poverty reduction and alleviation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1495 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.46-53
Inclusion of Indigenous Tharu People in UNDP Supported Village Development Program: A case study of Benimanipur VDC, Nawaparasi, Western-Terai, Nepal
Authors: Tripathi Damodar
Published: July 2014

By using both qualitative and quantitative data generated from primary as well as secondary sources the study tries to find out to what extent the social mobilization approach of UNDP supported Village Development Program (VDP) was effective to include and able to empower the indigenous Tharu people. The socio-economic status of majority of Tharus was weak and limited by state policies since historical period and local power relations which played the pivotal role to result to exclude them from the mainstream of development. In macro level the social mobilization approach of VDP was strong to initiate the issue of inclusion to empower the marginalized people, but in local level it was weak to implement the policies efficiently and effectively regards to local diverse conditions and differentiated actors. The diversity in the village resulted in the different responses to the social mobilization program. Particularly the social mobilization process was generalized and limited by the local networks of power relation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1496 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.54-72
Quandary in Nepal: A Conflict Perspective
Authors: Upadhyay Prakash
Published: July 2014

This article, under the theoretical parasol of conflict perspective, converses on veracities of current Nepal, rising conflicts, paradigm shifts and deepening crisis amidst the proposed constituent assembly elections. It is astringent veracity that after the successful movement of 2006 and the country being on the threshold of constituent assembly elections, in the present, the major segments of precautious civil society and commoners are questioning the validity of politics, operation pattern of political parties, and the distribution of rights and scarce resources among the elites rather than among masses. I argue that the more, practices of dominant ruling elite segments and their fraternal organizations are creating alienative disposition from the grievances of commoners , the more is the deepening crisis and more civil society, common public becoming aware of their true collective interest by communicating their grievances to each other and questioning the validity of activities of dominant ruling elites. Yet the ruling elites, their actions, words and promises remains more a rhetoric and moribund in Nepal and may prove a nightmare if ongoing conflicts are left unresolved. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1497 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p. 73-85
Economic Dimension of Empowerment: Effects of Commercialization and Feminization of Vegetable Farming on Social Status of women in an Urban Fringe of Western Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Rajendra
Published: July 2014

With the changing context and time, women are no more viewed as passive bearers of pain only. Now they are perceived as active and powerful actors in the society. Their honest and tireless efforts have been the main ways for empowering them and hence uplifting their social status. In this scenario, this article presents the ways women in Hemja, Kaski have been empowering themselves, fulfilling their daily family needs and making some saving through successful commercial vegetable farming. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1498  Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.86-105
Tourism and the Value System: An Impact Assessment from Socio-cultural Perspective
Authors: Sharma Ramji
Published: July 2014

The contemporary world has given a high priority to the development of tourism for the reason that it is considered as an export business without actually sending any tangible products out of the boarder. Beside its economic gain, its effects and implications appear in myriad of forms and guises both in pros and cons. Some of them are latent just performing as instigating agents while some are manifest functioning proactively; some are momentary and some are enduring too. From socio-cultural dimension, tourism appears as a powerful agent of diffusion, acculturation and assimilation. It influences, directly or indirectly, each and every aspects of the host society. The value system of the tourist receiving community can not remain in isolation. This study covers the impacts caused by the development of tourism business over the selected components of the value system of host societies viz. Lakeside of Pokhara and Sarangkot of Kaski. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1499 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.106-125
Socio-Economic Status of Women Farmers: A Sociological Study of Bhadaure-Tamagi V.D.C., Kaski
Authors: Gurung Santosh Kumar
Published: July 2014

The socio-economic status of women farmers is low because of inherent social hierarchy and economic deprivation. The main objective of the study is to find out the socio-economic status of women farmers and to investigate this different research tools is applied mainly interview schedule. The study reveals that although women's agricultural labor force is high but there has not been any significant change in the status of women farmers. Women are still deprived and discriminated in terms economic ground. The Dalits are mainly suffering from this deprivation and discrimination. So, women farmers need a special concern for their livelihood and empowerment. There is an immense need of women empowerment programmes and cash earning packages to break this vicious circle of economic deprivation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1500  Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.126-138
Educational and Socio-Cultural Status of Nepali Women
Authors: Bhushal Shanti
Published: July 2014

Education is a factor for enlightening people. It is key to empower both men and women and improve their socio-cultural status and quality of life. Therefore, women should have an equal access to education and educational opportunities. But in our context, disparity in education and educational opportunities among men and women exists significantly. Women's educational status is lower than man as indicated by their lower literacy rate. Lower educational status has a number of negative consequences in Nepalese women's life. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1501 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.139-147
Various Book Reviews
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2014

Biswo Kallyan Parajuli(ed). Sociology and Anthropology in Nepal, Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Prithwi Naryan Campus,2008, 169pp, Rs 250(pb) Rafael J. Engel and Russell K. Schutt : The Practice of Research in Social Work Sage Publication, Thousand Oaks, California USA (2005) Price NRs 3508 (Soft Cover) PP 554, XXI Hemant R. Ojha, Netra P. Timsina, Ram B. Chhetri, Krishna P. Paudel (ed.). Knowledge System and Natural Resources, Management, Policy and Institutions in Nepal, Cambridge University Press India Pvt. Ltd.,2008, p.p. 173, ISBN: 978-81-7596-563-8, Price not quoted. Kailash Nath Pyakuryal, PhD, Bishnu Raj Upreti, PhD Sager Nath Sharma, PhD. (ed). Nepal: Transition to Transformation, Published by NCCR North South, June 2008. Page 234, ISBN: 978-9937-2-0602-0, Price not quoted. Prof. Chaitanya Mishra, The Essays on the Sociology of Nepal Published by FinePrint Inc., Anamnagar, Kathmandu Nepal, 2007. Page 363, ISBN: 99946-2-321-4, Price Rs. 450.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1502 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.148-165
Annex 1: Research Proposal Evaluation Guideline for Master Students
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2014

This guideline was presented by Dr. B.K. Parajuli in a workshop organized by the department on May 2006. Faculties of the Sociology/Anthropology, PN Campus, Pokhara have been actively participated, discussed and finalized the guideline during the workshop. The editors of current issue are thankful to Dr. B.K. Parajuli and Mr. Damodar Tripathi for materializing this document.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1503 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.166-173
Annex 2: An Accolade to Late Gopal Singh Nepali
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2014

The editors of the current issue would like to extend their heartiest thanks to Mr. Sanjeev Nepali and Ms. Sangeeta Nepali, the Children of Prof. G.S. Nepali for providing important materials for preparing this accolade.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1504 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.174-176
Annex 3: Abstracts of the Theses Submitted at the Department
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2014

Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.177-207DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1505
Urban Anthropology: An Overview of the Discipline and Scope
Authors: Bhandari Amrit Kumar
Published: July 2014

Based on the review of some selected literatures, this article attempts to explain Urban Anthropology as an emerging sub-ield within Sociocultural Anthropology. In this process, it reviews the history of the subield in short and elaborates its ield of scope in the modern rapidly urbanizing world. Deinitely, the process of urbanization has also been given adequate emphasis by highlighting its concept and nature. Even the status of urbanization in Nepal has also been given place in brief. The article towards the latter part explains about the prospects of Urban Anthropology in Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4664 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.IV (2010) 1-14
Impacts of Drinking Water Project on Livelihood of Rural Women
Authors: Neupane Bhim Prasad
Published: July 2014

Based on the study of PUDWP (Pelakot Udiyachour Drinking Water Project) area of Syangja district the study construed that with access to water, there has been an increase in instances of animal rearing and kitchen gardening. It is saving time of the women due to the installation of tap water supply thus helping women to carry out other activities. For the women of the poor and poorest households, the time saved has helped them to include in livestock raising and agricultural activities and wage labour, thus, contributing to their household economy and women empowerment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4665 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.IV (2010) 15-27