bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumption of Bottled Water at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Who Purchases First?
Authors: Howell Rachel , Sinha Kinsuk Mani , Wagner Natascha , Doorn Neelke , van Beers Cees
Published: August 2019

While consumer and marketing research in developed markets is an established field, research on consumers in an Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) setting is less established and mostly conceptual or qualitative. This paper examines the individual heterogeneity and the local context of BoP consumers with an empirical study on consumption of low cost bottled water on the Kenyan coast and the capitals of Uganda and Rwanda. The empirical analysis builds on existing research exploring consumer behavior, and it studies a database of 713 bottled water consumers in Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda. Consumers with a higher level of education were less likely to be late consumers. Additionally, early consumers were more likely to purchase due to a purposeful search for a bottled drinking water solution. Since we control for location specific effects we highlight the importance of supply driven consumption in the BoP market. Furthermore, the results suggest that the two water companies may not be reaching their targeted low-income consumers but rather middle class consumers. The research contributes to the larger BoP debate by presenting evidence that consumers in a BoP setting may purchase more on the basis of supply of a product rather than other socio-demographic factors such as income.
Successful whole-blood exchange transfusion in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Zhimin , Shen Yamei , Shu Xiangwu , Li Bijuan , Li Ning
Published: August 2019

Objective

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired clonal disorder of the hematopoietic stem cells that involves all blood cells. The primary aim of this study was to assess the role of whole-blood exchange (WBE) in treating patients with PNH.

Methods

A 32-year-old male patient was admitted our hospital because of severe anemia. His clinical test results indicated serious hemolysis, with positive anti-I on pretransfusion antibody screening tests. Because immunosuppressive therapy was ineffective and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion may aggravate hemolytic symptoms, the COBE Spectra blood cell separator was used for WBE.

Results

We performed WBE, where 1789 mL of the patient’s blood was removed and replaced with 12 U of packed RBCs, along with 150 mL of frozen plasma and 200 mL of normal saline (total volume, 1883 mL), representing an exchange of 42.5% of the patient’s total blood volume (approximately 4209 mL). The WBE treatment was considered successful. Rapid improvement in clinical signs and symptoms were observed after the WBE transfusion. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the third day after treatment.

Conclusion

Whole-blood exchange may be an applicable emergency treatment for rescuing PNH patients with severe or life-threatening hemolysis.
Outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery for stage II and III serous borderline ovarian tumors
Authors: Lu Ziyang , Li Bin , Gu Chao
Published: August 2019

Objective

This study was performed to assess the feasibility of conservative treatment for stage II or III serous borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs).

Methods

Twenty-one patients were treated conservatively for advanced serous BOTs from 2006 to 2017. Two patients were lost to follow-up. The patients’ clinical status, surgical results, fertility results, and oncological outcomes were collected.

Results

The patients’ median age at surgery was 28 years (range, 22–37 years). The median follow-up interval was 74 months (range, 16–214 months). Among the 19 patients who were followed up, 8 had stage II tumors and 11 had stage III tumors. Sixteen patients had noninvasive peritoneal implants. Two patients developed tumor metastasis to the fallopian tubes and one developed metastasis to the pelvic lymph nodes and omentum. The total recurrence rate was 26.3%. Seventeen (89.5%) patients were nulliparous. Four of 10 patients who wished to preserve their fertility obtained natural pregnancy. No patients died of their disease.

Conclusions

This study supports the efficacy of conservative treatment for advanced BOTs with respect to its favorable fertility result. The overall prognosis is not changed by conservative treatment.
Moderate hypofractionated helical tomotherapy for localized prostate cancer: preliminary report of an observational prospective study
Authors: Cuccia Francesco , Mazzola Rosario , Arcangeli Stefano , Mortellaro Gianluca , Figlia Vanessa , Caminiti Giovanni , Di Paola Gioacchino , Spera Antonio , Iacoviello Giuseppina , Alongi Filippo , Lo Casto Antonio , Magrini Stefano Maria , Ferrera Giuseppe
Published: August 2019

Objective:

To report preliminary findings of a phase II study exploring the clinical outcomes of moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy performed with helical tomotherapy (HT) using computed tomography–magnetic resonance imaging–based planning for localized prostate cancer.

Methods:

The phase II prospective study received ethics approval from our institutional ethics committee. A dose of 60 Gy/20 fractions for low–intermediate risk prostate cancer by means of HT was explored. Primary endpoints of the study were acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities. Secondary endpoints were quality of life and biochemical-free survival.

Results:

A total of 35 patients were included in this interim report. At the time of the analysis, median follow-up was 36 months (range, 13–62). Acute GI toxicity was recorded as follows: grade 1 in 34% and grade 2 in 14%; acute GU toxicity was grade 1 in 71% and grade 2 in 11%. For the entire population of the study, no acute toxicities ⩾ grade 3 occurred. A single case of late grade 3 GU toxicity was registered, whereas no late GI toxicity ⩾grade 3 was recorded. At the time of the final assessment, no biochemical failure was detected.

Conclusions:

The preliminary results of the present phase II trial, using HT for moderate hypofractionation in localized prostate cancer, are optimal. In fact, HT guaranteed an acceptable tolerability profile with low rates of GU and GI side effects and, more specifically, no acute severe adverse events were recorded. Long-term findings are warranted.
Correlates of Suicidality Among A Community-Based Cohort of Women Sex Workers: The Protective Effect of Social Cohesion
Authors: Argento Elena , Strathdee Steffanie A. , Shoveller Jean A. , Braschel Melissa , Shannon Kate
Published: August 2019

Suicide is a critical public health concern globally. Sex workers experience a disproportionate burden of social and health inequities driven by forms of violence, stigma, and criminalization, yet empirical research on suicidality is limited. This study longitudinally investigated the burden and socio-structural correlates of recent suicidality among women sex workers in Vancouver, Canada. Data (2010-2017) were drawn from a community-based, prospective cohort of cis and trans women sex workers across Metro Vancouver. Women completed biannual interviewer-administered questionnaires, and correlates of suicidality in the last 6 months were analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE). Of 867 women at baseline, 48% ( n = 413) reported lifetime suicidality, 16% (n = 141) reported suicidality in the last 6 months, and 29% reported suicidality at some point during the study. In multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with suicidality included physical/sexual childhood abuse (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.75, 5.10]), mental health issues (depression/anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder; AOR = 2.19; 95% CI = [1.63, 2.95]), intimate partner violence (AOR: 2.11; 95% CI = [1.60, 2.80]), physical/sexual client violence (AOR: 1.82; 95% CI = [1.33, 2.50]), and homelessness (AOR: 1.44; 95% CI = [1.10, 1.89]). Older age (AOR: 0.97; 95% CI = [0.95, 0.99]) and higher social cohesion (AOR: 0.88; 95% CI = [0.78, 0.99]) were significantly associated with reduced odds of suicidality. Findings reveal key socio-structural correlates of suicidality among sex workers including experiences of historical and interpersonal violence, trauma/mental health issues, and homelessness. Strengthening social cohesion may have a protective effect on suicidality. Trauma-informed community-led structural interventions tailored to sex workers are urgently needed alongside a legal framework that enables collectivization and connectedness.
The Heart of the Matter: How Reforms Unsettle Organizational Identity
Authors: Neumerski Christine M. , Cohen David K.
Published: August 2019

The identity of public school systems changed dramatically over the past 25 years, as standards-based reform held schools accountable for more equal and academically demanding education for poorer and more diverse students. We argue that identity also changed in private and hybrid school systems. Drawing on semistructured interviews with 40 school system leaders, we examine the ways in which three different school systems – a Montessori, Center, an urban Catholic system, and the International Baccalaureate – responded to the new conditions that reforms, poverty, and migration brought to the United States. We find that leaders perceived the identity of their systems as changing, as they questioned how much the systems should adapt to the new education sector.
Comparatively Studying Educational System (Re)Building Cross-Nationally: Another Agenda for Cross-National Educational Research?
Authors: Spillane James P. , Peurach Donald J. , Cohen David K.
Published: August 2019

Institutional theory, an important research tradition in analysis of schooling, has examined the development of mass schooling in the United States and worldwide. But research in this tradition has given little attention to the internal working of mass school systems, to problems of inequality and the quality of instruction, or to relating those problems to the organization and management of mass school systems. Building on the first three articles, which document how education system building has become a key instrument in efforts to improve the quality and equality of educational opportunity for students, we argue for a program of comparative research on education system building cross-nationally. We outline a program of research that would extend our comparative approach to studying school systems’ efforts to build, use and manage educational infrastructure as they attempt to transition to education systems in the United States by including such efforts in several other nations.
Identifying the Enochic Son of Man as God’s word and wisdom
Authors: Winn Adam
Published: August 2019

While many interpreters of the Enochic Parables have recognized a connection between the Enochic Son of Man and personified wisdom, this article argues that the Enochic Son of Man should be primarily identified as God’s wisdom as well as God’s word. To this end, the article argues that (a) the Son of Man is best understood as a divine being rather than an idealized human being, (b) a prominent word and wisdom theology existed in the late Second Temple period, and (c) both similarities between the Enochic Son of Man and word/wisdom as well as the narrative of the Parables support the conclusion that the Enochic Son of Man is an apocalyptic embodiment of God’s word and wisdom.
The Old Latin book of Esther: An English translation
Authors: Bellmann Simon , Portier-Young Anathea
Published: August 2019

In recent decades, a lively debate on the Hebrew and Greek versions of Esther story has developed, focusing on their text-historical and theological relationship. The discussion is enriched further by taking into account the Old Latin Esther, fully edited some 10 years ago by Jean-Claude Haelewyck as part of the Beuron Vetus Latina series. The extant Latin text likely dates back to 330–50 CE and represents an older, now-lost Greek Vorlage. Its numerous peculiarities substantially widen our understanding of ancient Esther traditions. The English translation presented here aims to elicit a broader interest in the Old Latin Esther and to facilitate a fresh discussion of its significance.
The enigma of the five heavens and early Jewish cosmology
Authors: Kulik Alexander
Published: August 2019

This article proposes an integrative analysis of the ouranology of 3 Baruch. This apocalyptic work, properly read, manifests complex ouranological conceptions well integrated not only into early Jewish literature and Hellenistic thought, but also into later mystical traditions. The unique worldview of the book has heretofore given rise to a complex set of interpretive problems; the detailed comparative approach of the present article not only provides a reasonable solution, but also sheds light on the cosmological conceptions of other early Jewish documents and the traditions lying behind them.
Crushing behavior and crashworthiness optimization of multi-cell square tubes under multiple loading angles
Authors: Li Zhichao , Rakheja Subhash , Shangguan Wen-Bin
Published: August 2019

Thin-walled structures are widely used as energy absorbers in automotive vehicles due to their lightweight and high-energy absorption efficiency. In order to improve the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled structures subjected to different loading angles, different types of novel multi-cell structures are proposed in this paper. The numerical method is used to study the crushing behaviors of the proposed multi-cell structures under different loading angles. It is found that the proposed multi-cell structures have considerably small initial peak force under axial load and avoid the appearance of global buckling deformation mode under oblique loads. Moreover, reasonably distributed wall thickness for each square tube in the thin-walled structure can enhance its energy absorption capacity under different loading angles.
Effects of active muscle forces on driver’s lower-limb injuries due to emergency brake in various frontal impacts
Authors: Li Fan , Huang Wei , Wang Xingsheng , Lv Xiaojiang , Mo Fuhao
Published: August 2019

Accident data shows that driver’s kinematics response in real accidents can be significantly different from that in dummy or cadaver tests because of driver’s muscle contraction. In this study, a finite element human-body model consisting of an upper body of a dummy model and a lower limb–pelvis biomechanical model with three-dimensional active muscles was developed to investigate in depth the lower-limb injuries. Driver’s emergency reaction during frontal impact was simulated by modelling muscle active contraction based on a series of volunteer experimental tests. Besides, a realistic impact environment with the response of the restraint system and the invasion of the driver’s compartment was established in this study. The results show that muscle contraction can cause extra loads on lower limbs during the impact, which can increase the injury risk of lower limbs. As for the femur injury, muscle contraction caused an additional 1 kN axial load on the femur, and the femur resultant bending moment of active models was also higher by about 10–40 N m. Besides, the tibial index of the model with muscle activation was about 0.1 higher. In addition, the results indicate that the femur injury is strongly related to the combined action of both axial force and bending moment. The variation of the injury tolerance along the tibia shaft should be considered when evaluating the tibia injury. Overall, the current lower-limb injury criteria can be still the lack of robustness.
False Memories for Fake News During Ireland’s Abortion Referendum
Authors: Murphy Gillian , Loftus Elizabeth F. , Grady Rebecca Hofstein , Levine Linda J. , Greene Ciara M.
Published: August 2019

The current study examined false memories in the week preceding the 2018 Irish abortion referendum. Participants ( N = 3,140) viewed six news stories concerning campaign events—two fabricated and four authentic. Almost half of the sample reported a false memory for at least one fabricated event, with more than one third of participants reporting a specific memory of the event. “Yes” voters (those in favor of legalizing abortion) were more likely than “no” voters to “remember” a fabricated scandal regarding the campaign to vote “no,” and “no” voters were more likely than “yes” voters to “remember” a fabricated scandal regarding the campaign to vote “yes.” This difference was particularly strong for voters of low cognitive ability. A subsequent warning about possible misinformation slightly reduced rates of false memories but did not eliminate these effects. This study suggests that voters in a real-world political campaign are most susceptible to forming false memories for fake news that aligns with their beliefs, in particular if they have low cognitive ability.
Hepatorenal protective effects of protocatechuic acid in rats administered with anticancer drug methotrexate
Authors: Owumi SE , Ajijola IJ , Agbeti OM
Published: August 2019

The efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) as an anticancer drug is limited by some adverse effects including hepatic and renal toxicities. The present study investigated the possible protective effect of protocatechuic acid (PCA), a phenolic phytochemical widely present in several edible vegetables and fruits, on hepatorenal toxicity associated with MTX treatment in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups ( n = 10), namely control, MTX alone (20 mg/kg), PCA alone (50 mg/kg), and rats that were coadministered MTX and PCA at 25 and 50 mg/kg. The MTX was administered as a single intraperitoneal dose on the first day, whereas PCA treatment lasted 7 days. Results indicated that PCA significantly ( p < 0.05) abrogated MTX-mediated elevation in indices of hepatorenal toxicity. Furthermore, PCA protected against MTX-induced decreases in glutathione level and antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation in the liver and kidney of the treated rats. Administration of PCA markedly abated MTX-induced increases in interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and caspase 3 activity in the rats. The biochemical data on the hepatorenal protective effects of PCA were well supported by the histological data. Collectively, PCA protected against MTX-induced hepatorenal toxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
City Profile: Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Shilpi , Sowgat Tanjil , Mondal Jhuma
Published: August 2019

Despite numerous complex urban challenges, Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is rapidly growing in terms of both population and extent. This profile captures that unplanned and spontaneous urbanization of Dhaka, which resulted in haphazard spatial expansion and transformation. Its unstable urban primacy is the result of high concentration of administrative activities, jobs and services in this city. Results of unsustainable growth are reflected in the socio-spatial divisions and high-density urban living. The current urban growth has created a strain on housing, urban services, health and education services and facilities, and they, in turn, are severely damaging the sustainability of the natural and built environment. The city requires policies for decentralisation of activities rather than pro-growth planning. An integrated national and local policy agenda and an active city government are crucial for tackling the multidimensional crisis of Dhaka.
Corsi, Fenwick and Gramsci: How bloggers and advanced analytics are changing the National Hockey League
Authors: Sheps Stephen W
Published: August 2019

Since the early 2000s, an ever growing online community of bloggers and amateur statisticians has been developing a new set of advanced analytics and performance metrics for the National Hockey League. Many of the people who are driving innovation in this field are not data scientists but, rather, intellectually curious fans of the game, who are playing a significant role in reshaping the way the game is consumed and understood. Yet, despite the body of knowledge created online, only within the last few years have the National Hockey League and the mainstream sport media begun to take notice of these innovations. I argue that the analytics movement is being driven from the fans up, rather than from the National Hockey League and other professional leagues down, and that the drivers of this movement are examples of what Antonio Gramsci calls ‘organic intellectuals’ – the analytics camp is locked into its own ‘war of position’ against the hegemony of traditional hockey fans, coaches, management and sport media. My research explores the resistance Internet-based content creators have experienced from established hockey media personalities (‘Hockey Men’) and the National Hockey League itself, connecting this resistance to a growing trend away from evidence-based discourse in the current Western media landscape.
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) during maintenance phase treatment at a community mental health centre
Authors: Meehan Tom , Wang Hong , Drummond Allan , Lockman Hazlin
Published: August 2019

Objective:

To assess the extent to which therapeutic drug monitoring during maintenance phase treatment with lithium and clozapine was performed according to an agreed protocol and to identify strategies that may support monitoring.

Methods:

Data concerning the prescribing and monitoring patterns of lithium for 31 patients and clozapine for 53 patients were collected retrospectively over a period of 2 years.

Results:

Adherence to clozapine monitoring throughout the study period was 90.5%, while the monitoring of lithium was less likely at 58.1% ( P < 0.001). While those prescribed lithium were less likely to adhere to prescribed dosing than those prescribed clozapine ( P < 0.007), they were also more likely to have a change of medication ( P < 0.005) and require admission to inpatient care ( P < 0.002).

Conclusions:

Despite the initiatives established to improve adherence to monitoring, there was a significantly lower level of lithium monitoring compared to that of clozapine. Strategies that are likely to support monitoring include the use of labels to clarify tests required, the use of a database to keep track of those requiring pathology tests and allocation of time each week for a nurse to work with medical staff and case managers to support monitoring.
Safeguarding Capabilities in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse: Exploratory Factor Analysis of a Scale Measuring Safeguarding Capabilities in Youth-Serving Organizations Workers
Authors: Russell Douglas , Higgins Daryl
Published: August 2019

Media reports and government enquiries have shone a spotlight on institutional child sexual abuse (CSA) globally. With youth-serving organizations seeking to identify how to improve policies and procedures developed to protect children, a gap exists in research and organizational quality assurance procedures. A new tool is needed to measure the capability of workers to implement and support effective child-safeguarding policies and practices. To address this, our aim was to develop the Safeguarding Capabilities in Preventing Child Sexual Abuse Scale. Participants ( n = 345) from a range of youth-serving sectors in Australia answered 128 questions. Using exploratory factor analysis to assess the underlying factor structure and refine the item pool, items loaded onto four factors. Reliability coefficients ranged from .68 to .95. Results showed that knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy to take action, and awareness are all key capabilities related to creating conditions of safety for children and young people and preventing CSA in youth-serving organizations.
Dating CAFE Ambassador Programme: Chinese College Students to Help Peers in Dating Violence
Authors: Wong Janet Yuen-Ha , Tang Norita Ruby , Yau Jessie Ho-Yin , Choi Anna Wai-Man , Fong Daniel Yee-Tak
Published: August 2019

Dating violence prevention programs have been understudied in Asia, including China. The current study sought to evaluate the feasibility of the Dating Compassion, Assessment, reFerral, and Education (CAFE) Ambassador Programme in China. This program is designed to enhance the behavioral intentions of Chinese students to help peers who are experiencing dating violence and to compare students’ attitudes toward dating violence, students’ subjective norms about helping peers, and students’ perceived behavioral control in helping peers before and after attending the 7.5 hour program. A quasi-experimental design was used, including two student groups ( n = 85) assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Quantitative pre- and postintervention measurements, in conjunction with qualitative focus group interviews, were used to evaluate the program’s effectiveness. The findings indicated a significant enhancement in the behavioral intentions of participants in the intervention group to help peers experiencing dating violence, a stronger subjective norm regarding helping others, and an enhanced sense of perceived behavioral control to help, compared with the control group, over time. Focus group data revealed that students who participated in the program developed a more comprehensive definition of dating violence, increased awareness of dating violence in peers, a shift in their focus concerning the role of intention in dating violence and felt more responsible for helping their peers. The findings support the effectiveness of the Dating CAFE Ambassador Programme.
A three-phase workflow for general and expressive representations of nondeterminism in HPC applications
Authors: Chapp Dylan , Rorabaugh Danny , Sato Kento , Ahn Dong H , Taufer Michela
Published: August 2019

Nondeterminism is an increasingly entrenched property of high-performance computing (HPC) applications and has recently been shown to seriously hamper debugging and reproducibility efforts. Tools for addressing the nondeterministic debugging problem have emerged, but they do not provide methods for systematically cataloging the nondeterminism in a given application. We propose a three-phase workflow for representing executions of nondeterministic message passing interface programs as event graphs, quantifying their structural similarity with graph kernels, and applying machine learning techniques to investigate shared properties across applications. We present an empirical study comparing two graph kernels’ suitability for this task and propose future uses of the methodology.
Validation of posterior corneal curvature measurements with color light-emitting diode topography
Authors: Piñero David P , Camps Vicent J , de Fez Dolores , García Celia , Caballero María Teresa
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

To evaluate the intrasession repeatability and validity of posterior corneal curvature and astigmatism measurements provided by a color light-emitting diode reflection topography system in healthy eyes.

Methods:

A total of 40 healthy eyes of 40 patients (age, 16–66 years) were enrolled. A complete eye examination was performed in all cases including posterior topographic analysis with two systems: the Scheimpflug-based system (Pentacam; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) and the Cassini system (i-Optics; Ophthec, The Hague, The Netherlands). With this last system, three consecutive measurements were taken to assess the level of intrasession repeatability (within-subject standard deviation, Sw; intraclass correlation coefficient). The Bland & Altman analysis was used to evaluate the interchangeability of both devices.

Results:

The Sw was ⩽0.06 mm for all posterior corneal radius measurements, with intraclass correlation coefficient of ⩾0.960. The Sw for the magnitude of astigmatism, J0, and J45 were 0.15, 0.04, and 0.04 D, respectively, with intraclass correlation coefficient values of 0.876, 0.897, and 0.840, respectively. Statistically significant differences between devices were found in all parameters evaluated (p ⩽ 0.025). The interchangeability analysis revealed the presence of clinically relevant limits of agreement for the flattest (0.03 to 0.50 mm) and steepest posterior corneal radii (–0.01 to 0.39 mm). In contrast, limits of agreements were not clinically relevant for the magnitude of posterior astigmatism (–0.17 to 0.27 D) and their power vector components (–0.11 to 0.15 D).

Conclusion:

The Cassini system provides consistent measures of posterior corneal curvature and astigmatism in healthy eyes, but only measures of posterior astigmatism can be considered as interchangeable with those provided by the Pentacam.
Central retinal artery occlusion after Descemet membrane reposition by intracameral air: A case report
Authors: Meena Ashok Kumar , Ghodke Bhushan R , Parmar Gautam Singh
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

To report a case of central retinal artery occlusion after Descemet membrane reposition by intracameral air.

Methods:

An otherwise healthy 60-year-old woman presented with white mature cataract in her left eye. Ocular exam of both eyes was within normal limits. After an uneventful topical phacoemulsification, a moderate-grade striate keratopathy and non-planar Descemet membrane detachment was noted on first postoperative day, which was confirmed on anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The Descemet membrane was repositioned within 24 h of cataract extraction by intracameral air tamponade (pneumatic descematopexy) under topical anesthesia, and partial air release was done after 2 h. The patient was evaluated for decreased immediate postoperative vision of perception of light.

Results:

After pneumatic descematopexy, the stromal edema relatively cleared. The intraocular pressure before releasing the intracameral air was 38 mmHg and antiglaucoma medication was started. Dilated fundus exam showed retinal pallor and a cherry-red spot over the macula. A diagnosis of central retinal artery occlusion was confirmed, and thorough systemic workup was done. Systemic investigations were within normal limits. The patient was managed conservatively, but the final visual acuity remained at 1/60.

Conclusion:

Central retinal artery occlusion is not a reported complication after pneumatic descematopexy for Descemet membrane detachment management. The possible mechanism could be sudden increase in intraocular pressure due to pupil block by air, and thus, ocular surgeries with use of intracameral air for prolonged duration warrants close monitoring of intraocular pressure and its subsequent management.
Fascia lata augmented nasal transposition of split lateral rectus in complete oculomotor nerve palsy with a previous failed surgery
Authors: Tsai Chong-Bin , Fang Chien-Liang
Published: August 2019

Purpose:

To report our experience in the management of a complete oculomotor nerve palsy with a previous failed surgery.

Methods:

We used a fascia lata augmented nasal transposition of the split lateral rectus in a patient who had complete oculomotor nerve palsy with recurrent exotropia after previous recession-resection surgery. The lateral rectus muscle was split in half, and then joined end-to-end with fascia strips with a 5-0 polyester nonabsorbable suture. The superior and inferior fascia strips were transposed to the adjacent of the superior and inferior corners of the insertion of medial rectus. With the globe being adducted about 10 degrees, the strips were sutured on the globe using fixed 5-0 polyester sutures.

Results:

The patient showed orthotropic alignment at the primary position at the 5-month post-operation follow-up.

Conclusion:

With adequate preoperative imaging-aided evaluation and meticulous intraoperative exploration, fascia lata augmented nasal transposition of split lateral rectus could be an option of treatment for complete oculomotor nerve palsy after a previous failed surgery.
Radiographic evaluation of hip resurfacing: the role of x-rays in the diagnosis of a problematic resurfaced hip
Authors: Van Der Straeten Catherine , Calistri Alessandro , Grammatopoulos George , De Smet Koen
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

Hip resurfacing (HRA) requires a new standardised radiographic evaluation protocol. Evaluation of acetabular components is similar to total hip arthroplasty (THA) but femoral components require different criteria. This study evaluates the efficacy of a new femoral zonal system for radiographic HRA assessment in identifying clinical problems.

Methods:

A new proximal femoral zonal system divides implant-cement-bone interfaces at head and neck into 7 DeSmet zones. 611 in situ and 100 revised HRA were assessed for component positioning, borderline findings (reactive lines, cortical thickening, cancellous condensation) or sinister findings (lucent lines, bone resorption, osteolysis). Findings were correlated with gender, size, implant survival, clinical scores, metal ions, and adverse soft tissue reactions (ALTR).

Results:

Radiological changes were found in 265 hips (37.3%), 154 sinister (21.7%) and 111 borderline (15.6%). 84% of revisions had sinister findings versus 11.4% of in situ HRA ( p < 0.001). The mean number of abnormal acetabular and femoral zones was 3.3 in revised compared to 0.6 in situ HRA ( p < 0.001). Sinister findings were associated with female gender, lower clinical scores, smaller sizes or ASR design (all: p < 0.001). Metal ions were higher with sinister ( p < 0.001) and borderline ( p < 0.01) findings compared to normal radiographs. Pathological findings in ⩾4 zones had a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 94.2% (AUC = 0.898) in detecting hips with ALTR (odds ratio = 49).

Conclusion:

In order to accurately evaluate progressive radiographic changes in HRA, specific zones have been established around the femoral component. There was a high correlation between radiographic findings and outcome measures. 84% of problematic hips and 90.4% of proven ALTR had sinister changes.
Dialogicality and culture of psychology in a study of individuation
Authors: Jones Raya A
Published: August 2019

Viewing psychology as a cultural activity associated with technologies of the self, and noting the cultural phenomenon of the Jungian movement internationally, this paper presents a reading of Jung’s ‘A Study in the Process of Individuation’ through the lens of dialogism. Jung’s study pivots on the interpretation of paintings by a middle-aged American woman, ‘Miss X’, whom he treated in 1928. The present paper critically examines dialogical aspects of the Jungian text, such as Jung’s metaphor of a dialogue with the unconscious, how he and his patient co-constructed her ‘inner’ dialogue, and the text’s dialogue with its audience. It is concluded that the process of individuation described by Jung is fundamentally dialogical, evincing the human capacity to co-construct meanings of self-experience and thereby to change how we experience our own selves.
Healthy diet and fiber intake are associated with decreased risk of incident symptomatic peripheral artery disease – A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kulezic Andrea , Bergwall Sara , Fatemi Shahab , Sonestedt Emily , Zarrouk Moncef , Gottsäter Anders , Acosta Stefan
Published: August 2019

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is caused by atherosclerosis and associated with an increased risk of leg amputation, cardiovascular disease, and death. A healthy diet has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, but relationships between diet, fiber intake, and incidence of PAD are virtually unknown. The aim was to investigate the long-term impact of diet on the development of PAD among 26,010 middle-aged individuals in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS). Data on dietary intake were collected through a 7-day food diary combined with a food questionnaire and a 1-hour interview. Adherence to a recommended intake of six dietary components – saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, fish and shellfish, fiber, fruit and vegetables, and sucrose – was scored (sum 0–6 points) to assess a diet quality index, adjusting for potential confounders. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate associations between diet variables and PAD incidence expressed in hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI. During a median follow-up of 21.7 years, 1122 participants developed PAD. Diet score was associated with a reduced risk of PAD in multivariable analysis ( p = 0.03). When mutually adjusting for all dietary variables, only adherence to recommended levels of fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of incident PAD (HR 0.84; 95% CI 0.72–0.99). In this prospective, population-based study including 26,010 participants with over 20 years of follow-up, a healthy diet, especially a high intake of fiber, was associated with a reduced risk of PAD. Primary prevention programs directed against PAD should therefore include a fiber recommendation.
‘We’re not all dangerous and crazy’. Negotiating the voice hearing identity: A critical discursive approach
Authors: Aloneftis Rebecca , Challenor Julianna
Published: August 2019

A critical discursive approach examined how the voice hearing identity is negotiated. Conflicting constructions identified voice hearing not only as distressing but also as a normal experience. The discursive strategies reveal that when individuals who hear voices construct their identity, they must either disavow their own distress to avoid stigma or accept the stigmatising accounts of their identity imposed on them if they are to have their distress recognised. The study points to the value and importance of discursive approaches in uncovering unspoken distress in individuals and society, and towards the need to address identity issues in clinical and social interventions.
A systematic review of screening tools for the detection of autism spectrum disorder in mainland China and surrounding regions
Authors: Wang Ji , Hedley Darren , Bury Simon M , Barbaro Josephine
Published: August 2019

Screening for autism spectrum disorder is the first step toward early detection and diagnosis, thereby impacting the likelihood of children accessing early intervention and, importantly, improving long-term outcomes. This systematic review aimed to (a) establish a clear baseline of autism spectrum disorder screening tools currently used throughout mainland China and surrounding regions, (b) identify the strengths and limitations of these instruments, and (c) develop specific recommendations regarding screening for autism spectrum disorder throughout Chinese-speaking countries. Databases were searched for recent (2015–2018) articles published in Chinese or English languages. Twenty-two studies (13 Chinese, 9 English) met inclusion criteria; two from Taiwan and the remainder from mainland China. Studies varied greatly in the extent of psychometric analyses and reported autism spectrum disorder prevalence. The majority of diagnoses were based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed. (DSM-IV) or 5th ed. (DSM-5)) criteria, although a small number of studies utilized gold-standard diagnostic assessment instruments. It is recommended that a systematic, multi-tiered, screening network be established to improve the identification of autism spectrum disorder in China and surrounding regions. Assessment and diagnosis need to be culturally appropriate, and amenable to low-resource settings. In addition, increased public awareness programs to reduce stigma will be important in improving outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder.
The social construction of police heroes
Authors: Terpstra Jan , Salet Renze
Published: August 2019

This article deals with the social construction of police heroes, an important, but often neglected aspect in police research. The dramaturgical approach as developed by Goffman is used to understand how police heroes come into being and how they can fall into disgrace. The social construction of the police hero is studied first by looking at the person of Buford Pusser, a Tennessee sheriff in the 1960s and 1970s who has often been seen as the most famous American (police) hero. From the dramaturgical perspective three different patterns can be distinguished that can contribute to the instability of police heroism and that can result in the fall of the hero into disgrace. Finally, it is suggested that social meaning and practices of police heroism are highly dependent on their cultural context.
‘Where might we go if we dare’: moving beyond the ‘thick, suffocating fog of whiteness’ in feminism
Authors: Lewis Gail , Hemmings Clare
Published: August 2019

This article explores the multi-pronged relation between individual and collective haunting and political investments in divergent feminist and queer formations. Taking the form of an interview conversation, it traces the trajectories of a political life in sites ranging from the kitchen and the demonstration to the conference and the writing page, and on the way marking the possibilities and limitations of various political-intellectual traditions linked to social justice and freedom in pursuit of being and becoming otherwise. It foregrounds a refusal to accept the terms set by dominant political framings alongside and through a commitment to intersubjectivity and exploration of creative possibility opened up in spaces of excess.
Measurements of turbulence sources in a swirl-supported diesel engine
Authors: Sun Yanzhe , Che Zhizhao , Sun Kai , Wang Tianyou , Li Yufeng , Bai Honglin
Published: August 2019

The combustion efficiency and pollutant formation in swirl-supported diesel engines strongly depend on the in-cylinder turbulent flows. But the physical mechanism of turbulence generation remains inadequately understood. To identify the sources of turbulence at various spatial locations and to understand the relationship between the flow structures and turbulence production, planar particle image velocimetry experiments are performed in this study to characterize the evolution of turbulent flow in a motored optical diesel engine with a compression ratio of 13:1 and a swirl ratio of 1.5. The temporal and spatial distributions of turbulent kinetic energy ( k) and the turbulence sources are correlated. An extremely high k generated by the intake jet during the intake process was observed, and it remains only 1.6%–3.3% during the later compression stroke. Near the cylinder center, k changes significantly with the crank angle and the higher k was always observed near the swirl center. The production via shear stresses correlates with k well. In other regions, k almost keeps unchanged with the crank angle because of the rigid-body-like swirl flow, which results in a negligible net production by flow deformation. In addition, in the middle region, the evolution of radial angular momentum gradient matches with the k evolution reasonably well, which indicates that k may depend on the transport by the squish flow although the underlying physics deserves further exploration.
‘Rigour’, ‘discipline’ and the ‘systematic’ in educational research – and why they matter
Authors: Bridges David
Published: August 2019

This paper addresses three central themes that run through the contributions to this special issue. The first of these is what it argues to be an inescapable connection between research and what might in some sense be regarded as the pursuit of truth, or at least of beliefs that are more deserving of belief and our confidence than others. Even forms of research like ethnography and phenomenography, those for which the pursuit of justice is the primary concern and those that seek to deconstruct the texts and discourses promoted by others – all rest on forms of inquiry driven in one way or another by this same commitment. The second theme is the relationship between research and discipline where discipline is seen as the set of rules and principles that serve to make a community of arguers possible, but also to support the processes that thought and experience indicate provide the best assurance of opinions deserving our belief. And since there is clearly available to us in the academy and elsewhere more than one way of providing such assurance, each with some distinctive logical and procedural features, we need to consider the disciplines that might serve such purpose, not just the generic principle of discipline. Finally, the paper engages with the terrain of ‘alternative epistemologies’ – terrain rendered more complex because, as described here, the term seems to encompass some rather different claims of a more or less problematic nature.
Coaching Toward Completion: Academic Coaching Factors Influencing Community College Student Success
Authors: Pechac Sharmaine , Slantcheva-Durst Snejana
Published: August 2019

Aligned with the American Association of Community College’s 21st Century Initiative for community college completion, coaching has emerged in higher education as a promising practice for student support. Although hundreds of community colleges have implemented coaching programs, few studies have explored the practice of coaching and its relationship with student success. This study examines the influence of specific coaching factors, including the frequency, nature, and contact modes, on community college student persistence. The study utilizes a secondary data set collected by the Ohio Association of Community Colleges. The analysis of the records of 5,808 students from 15 Midwest community colleges engaged in a Coaches Program shows that 31.5% of the variance in credit-hour completion can be explained by 17 factors related to student demographics, community college characteristics, and coaching factors. This established relationship between coaching factors and credit-hour completion is an important contribution of the study to existing research.
Multivariable Analysis of Patients With Severe Persistent Postprocedural Hypotension After Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Oshin Olufemi , Varcoe Ramon , Wong Jackie , Burrows Sally , Altaf Nishath , Schlaich Markus , Weerasooriya Rukshen , Gray William , Deloose Koen , Baumgartner Iris , Mwipatayi Bibombe P.
Published: August 2019

Purpose: To assess the incidence and predictors of severe, persistent postprocedural hypotension (PPH) after carotid artery stenting (CAS). Materials and Methods: A total of 146 patients (mean age 72.8 years; 104 men) who underwent 160 CAS procedures using a standardized protocol at 3 vascular centers were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was postprocedural hypotension, defined as a reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) >40 mm Hg from baseline or an SBP of <90 mm Hg sustained for >1 hour after CAS. Potential prognostic factors for postprocedural hypotension were identified and subjected to logistic regression analyses; outcomes are presented as the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: PPH developed in 36 (24.7%) patients after 37 (23.1%) CAS procedures. These patients had significantly longer intensive care unit and hospital stays than those who did not develop hypotension (p<0.001). PPH was associated with severe lesion calcification (OR 6.28, 95% CI 1.81 to 21.98, p=0.004) and contrast volume (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.02, p<0.001). A 4-fold increase in the risk of PPH (OR 4.22, 95% CI 1.38 to 13.33, p=0.012) was found between the embolic protection device most associated with PPH (Angioguard) and the device least associated with PPH (Emboshield NAV6). A similar trend was also observed for the Precise vs Xact stents (OR 6, 95% CI 2.08 to 17.6, p=0.001). Bootstrapped multivariable modeling identified the Precise stent and contrast volume as significant predictors of persistent postprocedural hypotension. Further investigation of the contrast volume revealed associations with sex, severe calcification, arch type, previous coronary artery bypass surgery, and primary stenting, suggesting that the contrast volume reflects the complexity of the procedure. Conclusion: The complexity of the procedure and type of stent may play a role in the development of postprocedural hypotension after CAS.