bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Trains on the Seismic Response of Simply-Supported Beam Bridges with Different Pier Heights Expressed through a Safety Factor
Authors: Jiang Lizhong , Peng Kang , Yu Jian , Zhou Wangbao , Zuo Yongjian
Published: June 2021

With the extension of high-speed railways to high-intensity earthquake regions, it is impossible to avoid structural vibrations due to the joint action of trains and earthquakes. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influence trains on bridge structures exposed to earthquakes. In this paper, a coupled finite element analysis model of a high-speed railway vehicle-bridge was established by considering a simply-supported beam bridge with the China Railway Track System (CRTS) II plate and the CRH2C high-speed train. The correctness of the model was experimentally verified. By considering the ground motion randomness, the influence of the train on the response of the bridge structure exposed to an earthquake was analyzed. Also, the influence level of the running train on the seismic response of bridge structures with different pier heights was studied. The results revealed that the train dynamic effect significantly reduced seismic responses of piers and supports, and that the effect itself decreased with the pier height increase. Furthermore, the dynamic effect of the train increased the seismic response of the track structure, while the bridge pier height had little influence on the dynamic efficiency of the track structure. For different pier heights, the probability distribution model of the train dynamic effect for the track-bridge system seismic response was considered as the normal distribution. This indicated that the seismic response of the track-bridge system under vehicle condition could be simplified as the product of the seismic response and safety factor under no vehicle condition.
The Effect of Malaria on Haemoglobin Concentrations in Extreme Poverty: A Nationally Representative Household Fixed-Effects Study of 17 599 Children under 5 Years of Age in Burkina Faso.
Authors: Starck Tim , Bulstra Caroline A. , Tinto Halidou , Rouamba Toussaint , Sie Ali , Jaenisch Thomas , Bärnighausen Till
Published: June 2021

Background: Although the association between malaria and anaemia is widely studied in patient cohorts, the population-representative causal effects of malaria on anaemia remain unknown. We estimated the malaria-induced decrease in haemoglobin levels among young children in malaria-endemic Burkina Faso. Many children in Burkina Faso live in extreme poverty and are thus particularly vulnerable to suffer from the consequences of malaria-induced anaemia.Methods: We pooled individual-level nationally representative health survey data (2010-11, 2014, 2017-18) from 17 599 children under 5 years of age. We estimated the effects of malaria on haemoglobin concentration, controlling for household fixed-effects, age, and sex in a series of regression analyses. This allowed us to control for observed and unobserved confounding on the household level and to determine the impact of malaria infection status on haemoglobin levels and anaemia prevalence. We further leveraged diagnostic results from microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests to provide a quasi-longitudinal perspective of acute and prolonged effects after malaria infection.Results: Both malaria (survey prevalence ranging from 17.4% to 65.2%) and anaemia prevalence (survey prevalence ranging from 74% to 88.2%) were very high in the included surveys. Malaria is estimated to significantly reduce haemoglobin levels, with an overall effect of -7.5g/dL (95% CI -8.5, -6.5). Acute malaria resulted in a -7.7 g/dL (95% CI -8.8, -6.6) decrease in haemoglobin levels. Recent malaria without current parasitaemia decreased haemoglobin concentration by -7.1 g/dL (95% CI -8.3, -5.9). The in-sample predicted prevalence of severe anaemia was 9.4% among malaria positives, but only 2.2% among children without malaria.Conclusion: Malaria infection has a strong detrimental effect on haemoglobin levels among young children in Burkina Faso. This effect seems to carry over even after acute infection, indicating prolonged haemoglobin reductions even after successful parasite-elimination. The quasi-experimental fixed-effect approach adds a population level perspective to existing clinical evidence.
Histiocytic Sarcoma of Bone Marrow With Partial Cohesive Neoplastic Cells and Hemophagocytosis: a Case Report
Authors: Liang Yang , Mao Li , Chen Yihua , Wang Guangjie
Published: June 2021

Background: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare hematolymphoid neoplasms whose cells show morphologic and immunophenotypic features of mature tissue histiocytes. We herein report a HS case without nodules or lymphadenectasis confirmed with the help of immunohistochemistry (IHC) on bone marrow (BM) biopsy and smear.Case presentation: A 63-year-old female patient with a history of cerebral infarction presented with fever, retching and hypodynamic sign for three weeks. The peripheral blood examination showed aggressive pancytopenia accompanying with the positivity for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody. The computed tomography and abdomen ultrasound scan didn’t reveal any nodules or lymphadenectasis other than hypersplenotrophy. Significantly, the BM aspirate shows vast pleomorphic tumor cells atypically distributed in both forms of single diffuse and cohesive. The hemophagocyte phagocytized granulocytes on BM smear exhibited the lymphoma related hemophagocytic syndrome. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were immunopositively for macrophage-associated antigen cluster of CD4, CD68, CD163, but negative for the T-cell, B-cell and myeloid lineage markers of CD15, CD20, PAX-5, CD5, CD30, CD3, CD56, CD38, CD138, ALK and MPO, confirming the hypothesis of HS in BM. Conclusion: The rare HS case of bone marrow with atypically partial cohesive pleomorphic tumor cells had the hemophagocytic syndrome, presented highly aggressive clinical course and challenged to the diagnoses.
Biodegradable dielectricmaterial using PLA and luffa fiber modified by medical linear accelerator
Authors: Dalai Sonismita , parida Chhatrapati
Published: June 2021

Biodegradable electronic devices are presently in command in various sectors mainly in health care system.The present work comprehends the dielectric properties of biodegradable composites made from biodegradable polymer poly (lactic) acid (PLA) and natural fiber of luffa cylindrica (LC) fabricated using microcompounding and injection molding. LC fibers are an agricultural waste, rich in cellulose.LC fibers were exposed to 6 MeV electron beam of doses 0.5Gy, 1.0Gy, 2.0Gy, 4.0Gy and 10.0 Gy generated from medical linear accelerator(LINAC) in presence of air. Such low doses are normally used for treatment of cancer patients and not for modifying polymers where doses in the range of 20-200KGy are used. The effect of such low irradiation dose on fiber and study if any significant changes taking place is the innovative aspect of the present work. The effects of irradiation dose on dielectric behavior such as dielectric constant and ac conductivity were investigated at different temperatures 260C, 40oC, 60oC and 80oC while keeping frequency constant. The increase in dielectric constant from 57 in virgin PLA at 260C,500Hz to a maximum of 84 in composite sample due to reinforcement of low dose irradiated LC fibers recording 49% increase is an important result of the investigation.
Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma Interactome with 417 Novel Protein-Protein Interactions
Authors: Karunakaran Kalyani B. , Ganapathiraju Madhavi K.
Published: June 2021

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) is an aggressive cancer affecting the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity and intra-abdominal organs, with a median survival of ~2.5 years. We constructed an ‘MPeM interactome’ with over 400 computationally predicted protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and over 4,700 known PPIs of 59 literature-curated genes whose activity affects MPeM. Known PPIs of the 59 MPeM-associated genes were derived from BioGRID and HPRD databases. Novel PPIs were predicted by applying the HiPPIP algorithm, which computes features of protein pairs such as cellular localization, molecular function, biological process membership, genomic location of the gene, and gene expression in microarray experiments, and classifies the pairwise features as interacting or non-interacting based on a random forest model. 75.6% of the interactome and 65% of the novel interactors in it were supported by transcriptomic evidence in rodent and human peritoneal mesothelioma/mesothelial cell lines and tumor specimens. 152 drugs targeted 427 proteins in the MPeM interactome. Comparative transcriptome analysis of peritoneal mesothelioma-associated versus drug-induced gene expression profiles revealed 39 repurposable drugs, out of which 29 were effective against peritoneal/pleural mesothelioma and/or peritoneal metastasis/primary peritoneal cancer in clinical trials, animal models or cell lines. Functional modules of chromosomal segregation, transcriptional deregulation, positive regulation of IL-6 production and hematopoiesis were identified from the interactome. Genes with tissue-specific expression in 2 sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis (spleen and thymus) and those correlated with unfavorable prognosis in liver, renal, pancreatic and lung cancers were noted. MPeM interactome showed extensive overlap with the malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) interactome and MPM cell line expression profiles. Our findings demonstrate the utility of the MPeM interactome in discovering systems-level functional links among MPeM genes and generating clinically translatable results such as repurposed drugs.
Community Engagement to Tackle Infectious Threats in Bangladesh, Uganda and Ukraine - A Research in Progress on a Social Science Mapping Process
Authors: Jirovsky Elena , Grohma Paul , Naher Nahitun , Rodyna Roman , Nabirye Christine , Dückers Michel , Ahmed Syed Masud , Osborne Jacob , Kaawa-Mafigiri David , Giles-Vernick Tamara , Kutalek Ruth , Artemchuk Oksana
Published: June 2021

Background: Successful epidemic preparedness and response require an understanding of social behaviour: social values, priorities and practices fundamentally shape human engagements with measures to prepare for and to prevent epidemics and antimicrobial resistance. Because of its capacity to document and evaluate health-seeking behaviors, local understandings of disease and explanations of transmission, and local reactions to public health interventions, social science, in particular anthropological research is well positioned to facilitate insight into these priorities and practices.Method: The SoNAR-Global project (A Social Science Network for Infectious Threats and Antimicrobial Resistance) undertook a mapping and assessment of existing Community Engagement (CE) models that target infectious threats and/or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Bangladesh, Uganda and Ukraine, which are integrated in the project through partner universities. We compared our findings with the UNICEF Communication for Development (C4D) Minimum Quality Standards for Community Engagement. Conclusions: On these grounds, we emphasize six critical elements for Community Engagement before and during epidemics. We argue that CE efforts must cooperate and dialogue with people in need and negotiate integrated, localized public health models that improve their lives before and during an epidemic.Results: We identified and recommend currently available social science tools for Community Engagement, which correspond to the six critical elements and can contribute to enhance preparedness and response activities to infectious threats.
Perspectives of Adolescents, Parents, Service Providers and Teachers on Mobile Phone Ownership, Access and use For SRH Information Among Adolescents
Authors: Ochieng Beverlyn Marion , Magadi Monica A , Smith Lesley , Orton Bev , Hayter Mark , Kaseje Margaret , Wafula Charles Ouma , Ocholla Peninah , Owii Salmon , Onukwugha Franklin , Kaseje Dan Clement
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Mobile health (mHealth) programmes offer opportunities to improve sexual and reproductive health (SRH) for adolescents by providing information. Researchers define mHealth as a “medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices”. mHealth is increasingly used to deliver health interventions including adolescent SRH. However, knowledge gaps remain regarding the utilization and effectiveness of these programmes. This study reports findings of a qualitative study carried out in Homabay County, Kenya. Purpose: We aimed to establish if mHealth would facilitate access of SRH information by adolescents, and whether adolescents would participate in SRH-related content delivered on mobile phones, based on their experiences and existing constraints.Methods: This was a qualitative exploratory study seeking to gain an understanding of the experiences of adolescents concerning their mobile phone ownership, access and use. The study population included adolescents, parents, teachers and health care workers and community health volunteers (CHVs). Data were collected through 25 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and 19 key informant interviews (KIIs). The FGDs consisted of five groups each for girls, boys, fathers, mothers and CHVs. We purposively selected five primary school heads, five secondary school heads and nine health facilities in-charges for KIIs. Data were analyzed through thematic and qualitative content analysis.Results: Mobile phone use was frequent among adolescents accessing phones from parents and friends. The most popular use of mobile phones was short messaging service (SMS) with girls and boys citing chatting, SMS and watching movies. Service providers emphasized accessing health knowledge. Teachers emphasized accessing SRH information. All respondent categories highlighting ease of access and potential reach to large numbers of adolescents and hence an effective and efficient approach. Respondents lauded the potential of mobile phones to promote learning of useful SRH information among adolescents to influence their behavior formation, modification and or change by learning about diseases and receiving advice. Mobile phones overcame barriers experienced by adolescents when seeking sensitive SRH information and services such as stigma, discrimination, and lack of privacy and confidentiality. Conclusion: Mobile phones can provide safe, accurate, cost-effective, and timely SRH information and services tailored to the needs of adolescents to influence their behavior
Efficacy and safety of capsule endoscopy in octogenarian and elderly patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Pezzoli Alessandro , Guarino Matteo , Fusetti Nadia , Pizzo Elena , Simoni Marzia , Simone Loredana , Cifalà Viviana , Solimando Riccardo , Caio Giacomo , De Giorgio Roberto , Merighi Alberto
Published: June 2021

Background

Life expectancy and the number of ultra-octogenarians increased significantly, thus making crucial the appropriateness of several endoscopic procedures in elderly patients. The aim of our study was to provide a retrospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of capsule endoscopy in patients aged over 80 years.
Patients and Methods

In this single-centre study, 900 patients underwent capsule endoscopy between 2002 and 2015 for different indications; of these 106 patients aged ≥ 80 years (group A) and 99 patients aged 40–60 years (control group B) were randomly selected.
Results

Occult gastrointestinal bleeding accounted for 62.1% of all indications for capsule endoscopy in group B, compared to 95.2% in group A (p < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, the diagnostic yield was higher in group A (71%) vs. group B (62%). The percentages of reaching the cecum and the median gastric transit time were uniform within the two groups. In contrast, small bowel transit time was longer in group A vs. B. Small bowel preparation was similar in the two groups. The exam was generally well tolerated in both groups, with capsule aspiration being one of the main adverse events, which occurred in two elderly patients.
Conclusions

Our data expand previous findings confirming that capsule endoscopy can be performed safely even in very old patients and show that the diagnostic yield is similar to that of younger patients.
Risk on Dental Porphyromonas with Esophageal Cancer: A Guangdong Elderly Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Yuzhang , Ma Liyu , Yan Jinyun , Li Zijun , Feng Benson Ting , Li Ting , Wang Ninie Yan , Zhang Guoxi , Lin Sen , Pan Zhongying
Published: June 2021

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Dental Porphyromonas Concentration and Esophageal Cancer in Guangdong, China. Methods: A total of 2031 research objects were included from 2016 and follow-up for 6 years, greater than 65 years old, all are from outpatient department with esophageal foreign body sense. Data are retrospectively analyzing in year 2021. There were 43 cases found to developed esophageal cancer, 7 of them are from exposure group, (high dental porphyromonas group) and 36 from control. Two groups of individuals were retrieved from the Guangdong Provincial Hospital database between year 2016 June to 2021 June. Age, gender, race and region are strictly matched. Both of case and the controls are processing through: a. Specimen collection, b. DNA extraction, c. High-throughput sequencing (screening stage), d. Quantitative determination of target bacteria in the samples of the experimental group by Q-PCR, e. Statistical analysis of experimental data. Two sample t-test are using to detect whether have difference on concentration of Dental Porphyromonas between cases and control group. SAS 15 windows version is used as analytic tools. Results: We found that the odds on having Esophageal Cancer from high dental porphyromonas group is 1.23 times greater than controls (OR=1.23). Also, mean of concentration on Dental Porphyromonas in Esophageal Cancer Group (Cases) are statistically higher than Healthy controls, with a mean of 0.0157 in cases versus 0.0025 in controls, which is 6.54 times higher in Esophageal Group, compare with control group, with P<0.001. Where Hot Tea Drinking Habit are found associated with Esophageal Cancer, with the Odds Ratio (OR) on 1.30, as well as current smoking on an 1.13 odds ratio. Conclusion: The cohort study had found some significant associations on high Dental Porphyromonas with Esophageal Cancer Patient, where this association still lacks of proof to be a determinate causal relationship. Further greater populational longitudinal studies are need to carry out to find out more causal association, as well as finding out Dental Porphyromonas relevant Social Determinant on Esophageal Cancer.
Co-creation of an Acceptable Indigenous Food Diet for Children Under Five in Early Childhood Development Centres
Authors: Nepfumbada Gundo , Dzunamarira Tafadzwa , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani Phosa
Published: June 2021

Background: The use of indigenous food (IF) such as green leafy vegetables and fruits in rural communities has been the main source of food despite being replaced by food high in sugar and fats. Early Childhood Development (ECD) centres are uniquely positioned for positive influence to healthy eating of children. The aim of this study was for ECD stakeholders to co-create an IF diet for children under five in ECD centres.Method: A sequential explanatory mixed method design was employed. We conducted focus group discussion with stakeholders employing the community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach and the nominal group technique ranking method to co-create to an acceptable indigenous food diet for children. Data was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. A thematic approach to qualitative data analysis with a coding framework guided by Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (intervention characteristics, inner setting, outer setting, characteristics of individuals involved in implementation and the implementation process) was employed to analyse focus group discussion data. Statistical analysis was employed to analyze quantitative data collected through surveys.Results: Study participants included ECD stakeholders (ECD managers, social workers and dieticians) aged 34-52. Participants identified Ditokomane, Oranges, Mabele soft porridge, Dithotse and Dinawa as components of an IF that are suitable and acceptable for children under five years in ECD centres. Conclusion: ECD stakeholders co-created an IF diet to be implemented in ECD centres for children under five. Stakeholders are of the view that IF diet will have more health benefits on children than the current menu that is being used.
Diagnostik einer eisendefizitären Erythropoese mittels nicht-invasiver Messung von Zink-Protoporphyrin-IX bei chirurgischen Patienten
Authors:   , Glaser Patricia Anna
Published: June 2021

Hintergrund: Patienten, die präoperativ an einer eisendefizitären Erythropoese (IDE) oder Anämie leiden, haben unabhängig von anderen Erkrankungen ein erhöhtes Risiko für postoperative Morbidität. Ein Eisenmangel ist der häufigste Grund für eine Anämie und kann, wenn er frühzeitig diagnostiziert wird, effizient mittels Eisensubstitution behandelt werden. Zink-Protoporphyrin (ZnPP) ist im Vergleich zu klassischen Parametern wie Ferritin ein vielversprechender Parameter, um eine IDE zu diagnostizieren. Bisher wurde der Parameter im Blut gemessen. Nun soll geprüft werden, ob eine nicht-invasive Messung valide Ergebnisse liefert. Methoden: Von März 2017 bis April 2018 wurden am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt Patienten, die für eine Operation mit einem erwarteten Blutverlust von >10% geplant waren, auf eine IDE untersucht. Die Messung von nicht-invasivem ZnPP (ZnPP-NI) wurde mit der ZnPP-Referenz-Messung des ZnPP/Häm-Verhältnisses mittels Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (ZnPP-HPLC) verglichen. Die analytische Performance beim Nachweis einer IDE wurde mit im Blut gemessenen klassischen Eisenstatusparameter (Ferritin, Transferrinsättigung [TSAT], löslicher Transferrinrezeptor [sTfR] und sTfR-Index [sTfR-F]) verglichen. Ergebnis: In dieser prospektiven Studie konnten 285 chirurgische Patienten präoperativ untersucht werden. Die Limits of Agreement zwischen ZnPP-NI und ZnPP-HPLC betrugen 20,3 μmol/mol Häm (95% -Konfidenzintervall 18,0-21,3; Akzeptanzkriterien 24,4 μmol/mol Häm; absolute Bias -0,3 μmol/mol Häm). Die analytische Performance zum Nachweis einer IDE der im Blut gemessenen Parameter war: ZnPP-HPLC (0,95), sTfR (0,90), sTfR-F (0,89), ZnPP-NI (0,88), TSAT (0,87) und Ferritin (0,65). Fazit: Beim Nachweis einer IDE ist ZnPP-NI besser geeignet als Ferritin und vergleichbar valide wie TSAT. Der Vergleich mit einem Multiparameter-Index-Test ergab, dass ZnPP-NI von ≤40 μmol/mol Häm den Ausschluss einer IDE ermöglicht und ein Wert von ≥65 μmol/mol Häm eine IDE wahrscheinlich macht. ZnPP-NI kann daher für eine schnelle Erstbewertung in der IDE-Diagnostik und im Anämie Management ohne Blutentnahme verwendet werden.
Peculiarities of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian online media
Authors: Yanenko Yaroslav
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the peculiarities of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian online media. In particular, these are the ways of presenting the topic of coronavirus on the main pages of the sites of the leading Ukrainian Internet media and the style of the titles of publications on this topic. It was found that the topic of COVID-19 is a priority for Ukrainian online media, as evidenced by various ways to draw attention to this topic on the main pages of Ukrainian online media sites. In particular, this is the introduction of the relevant sections, subsections and headings. Particular attention is paid to the presence of elements of the so-called «sports» style in the titles of publications. In particular, these are the words «record» and «anti-record».
Ukrainian issues on the pages of the Odesa newspaper «Pchiolka» [«Bee»] (1881)
Authors: Sydorenko Natalya , Dubetska Oksana
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to determine the content characteristics of the articles on the Ukrainian topics in the context of publications of the newspaper «Pchiolka» [«Bee»] (Odesa, 1881), which was selected as the main object of the study. Cognitive and educational content of the local mass media (democratization of life in Europe and Russia, features of women’s education in the late XIX century, fiction publications) was a favorable basis for the materials on Ukrainian issues. There were 7 publications in 17 issues (written be K-vych, S. E, O. Andrievsky), which defended the identity of the Ukrainian language and literature (figures of T. Shevchenko, I. Nechuy-Levytsky), stressed the need to lift bans on the introduction of the native language in education, business, religious life.
Printed political advertising: methods and forms of socio-communicative influence on the electorate
Authors: Taran Liudmyla
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to investigate the diversity of printed political advertising during the 2020 local elections to determine the methods and forms of its socio-communicative impact on the electorate. The source base – printed campaign materials distributed in the Sumy region. The relevance of the chosen theme determines the study of dialogue between candidates, current politicians and voters. Іn the process of research, іt was identified the diversity of printed political advertising during the election campaign, it was found that political advertisements in leaflets, booklets, newsletters, brochures was dominated in this period. The peculiarity of print political advertising is that political parties and their leaders tried to use it to form the communication desired by the political candidates themselves, thus influencing the consciousness, opinion and choice of the electorate.
Augmenting awareness on sustainability of cross-sectoral cooperation
Authors: Slapšinskaitė Agnė , Matinheikki-Kokko Kaija , Galkus Lukas , Grincaitė Monika , Vaitkevičiūtė Justina , Raskilienė Asta , Vainoras Alfonsas , Liinamo Arja
Published: June 2021

It is recognized that health care is an evolving complex adaptive system that requires structural, economic, and organizational resources. Further, its sustainability raises many concerns as sustainability in cooperation of health-promotion is frequently demanded but seldom analysed. Bearing in mind how today's challenges of epidemic, climate changes affect health care systems it evidences the difficulty to plan and predict its positive, smooth evolutionary process. Moreover, the fluctuating, unstable economic status in countries also contributes and augment unpredictability of such system. These instabilities can lead to the disintegration or even collapse of a number of health promotion structures operating in each country. In order to minimize the impact of such events as pandemics, or smoothen cooperation process in general, it is expedient to better understand the possible dynamic stabilizing factors. The first necessity here could be an in-depth case study of cross-sectoral cooperation and self-analysis to organize stabilizing feedback chains to help increase the sustainability of health promotion or health systems in general. In all sense, sustainability research is multidisciplinary; i.e., it addresses the real-life problem such as improved cooperation in health promotion as a way of sustainable financing, which request the complex adaptive systems approach application. Multidisciplinary approach enables people from different disciplines work together, each drawing on their disciplinary knowledge, to create something better.
Green and sustainable membrane fabrication development
Authors: Mohamed Alaa , Yousef Samy
Published: June 2021

To meet the present demands of environmental protection, resource efficiency, and specific separation under severe conditions, continued research and enhancement of membrane technology is necessary. One of the major innovations for improving the sustainability of separation processes has been the use of green solvents for membrane preparation. In this regard, environmentally friendly methods and preparation techniques for high-performance membranes have recently been developed. This article gives an overview of current advancements in polymeric membrane manufacturing processes in terms of environmental preservation and health safety.
ON THE STATUS OF ADVISORY AND COORDINATING BODIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: TEPLYAKOVA Olga A. , Kostyukov Artem A.
Published: June 2021

The article provides a brief analysis of the legal status of the advisory bodies operating in the Russian Federation. In particular, the article analyzes the provisions of regulatory legal acts governing the activities of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, the State Council of the Russian Federation, as well as the Council of Control and Accounting Bodies under the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation as a special advisory body existing within the structure of external state and municipal financial control bodies. The status of constitutional advisory bodies is considered separately, including in the context of current changes in Russian legislation. In addition, the author notes the interconnection of the implementation problems of the separation principle of powers both in the corresponding classification context of state bodies, and in relation to the determination of the advisory legal status bodies, their place in the public authority system of the Russian Federation. An assumption is also made regarding a number of provisions of the draft law which is under consideration by the State Duma of the Russian Federation in the status terms of the State Council decisions of the Russian Federation. Public chambers and Public councils are separated into a separate group of advisory bodies. In the study of the issue, classical general scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular: analysis, generalization and synthesis. The authors also applied a modern synergistic approach that is increasingly used in social science research. The conclusion is made that at present there is a growing need for more comprehensive and in-depth studies of the advisory bodies institute of the Russian Federation, in particular, devoted to the issues of their classification and typology, both due to the increasing importance of these bodies in the public administration system, and due to the number of criteria for using these methods.
STATUS SCHOOLS VERSUS REGULAR SCHOOLS: DIFFERENCES IN TEACHER ACTIVITY
Authors: Osmuk Lyudmila A. , Pronoza Svetlana V.
Published: June 2021

From a sociological point of view, the article examines the problem of differentiation of Russian schools, which came in the post-Soviet era to replace the relative equality of educational opportunities. The differentiation of schools, presumably, did not lead to the differentiation of Russian teachers. In general, there are few studies comparing schools and teachers in different schools by any parameter. The everyday practices of teachers are also poorly studied by both sociology and social psychology and social pedagogy. The current moment of time is unique because the restrictions introduced during the pandemic have created new conditions for the work of educational institutions. In this regard, it was decided to study the differences in the attitude of school teachers that have the status of a gymnasium or lyceum, and schools that do not have such a status, to the conditions and opportunities for the manifestation of activity and initiatives, as well as differences in the practices of professional activity, including during pandemics. The research method is a questionnaire survey. The empirical object was the teachers of the middle and senior level of secondary schools in the city of Novosibirsk. Differences in teachers› perception of conditions and opportunities for the manifestation of activity were revealed, as well as differences in the practices of manifestation of activity, indicating a more favorable situation in gymnasiums and lyceums than in schools. There were no types of teacher activity in which school teachers would be more active than teachers of gymnasiums and lyceums. A common problem for teachers in both types of educational institutions is overload, which is felt more strongly by teachers in gymnasiums and lyceums. The possibilities of attracting outside organizations of specialists to the school are discussed as a solution to the problem of teacher overload and elimination of inequality of opportunities.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CITY SOCIAL SPACE STUDY
Authors: KOSTKO Natalia A.
Published: June 2021

Cities are always in the focus of research attention due to their special importance for the present and future development of society. A city is a unity and a clash of mutually exclusive projections, trends, forms, which makes it a unique, specific, multifaceted phenomenon not just of the social life of its citizens, communities, but a basic element of civilization, a bond of a scattered and atomic world. Modern transformational changes are manifested most vividly and on a large scale in cities, hence the search for adequate measures, resources, management models for embedding in the context of the changes taking place. The search for conditions and tools for managing the development of cities is important. Strengthening the importance of social factors and elements for society, at the same time actualizes both scientific and practical interest in the social space of the city. The purpose of this article is to describe the theoretical foundations of the study of social space, its elements as an object of management in the context of the transition to digitalization. The social space of the city as a spatio-temporal focus of social activity, identity, normative perceptions of citizens is accepted as the basic object of research. The novelty of the article is determined by: an integrated approach to research, which is a combination of various scientific directions and schools; additional argumentation to substantiate the essence of the concepts of the stated topic; an attempt to translate abstract categories into indicators for management purposes. Analysis of modern ideas and classifications that characterize the concept of «smart city», the experience of its implementation allowed expanding the understanding of the characteristics of the «smart city dweller» and his role as a city dweller. A review of research works made it possible to reveal the meaning and characteristics of different types of space, the connectivity of space and place, the properties of urban practices, and modern municipal governance. The paper presents the argumentation that allows to identify the relationship between the main indicators of the city social space: modern and traditional (thick/thin) urban identity of citizens, urban identity of citizens and the identity of the city, forms of involvement and participation of citizens.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF FAST NEUTRONS AND ACCELERATED MULTICHARGED IONS FOR DERIVATION OF A NEW DEPENDENCE OF SPACE RADIATION QUALITY COEFFICIENTS ON LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shafirkin A.V. , Grigoriev Yu.G. ,   Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agenc, Moscow, Ushakov I.B. ,   Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agenc, Moscow, Shurshakov V.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2021

The authors review recent experimental data about relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low absorbed doses (0.01–0.5 Gy) from fast neutrons and accelerated multicharged ions currently accepted as career limits for cosmonauts from the standpoint of late effects risk mitigation. According to the new radiobiological findings, literary maximum values of the RBEM coefficients for low doses and dose rates are increased two or three times for late cytogenetic effects; benign cell transformation and tumor risks; lifetime reduction; disorders in the brain cortex neurons and damages to organs; lenticular opacity and cataract. The analysis-based revision of the quality coefficients – linear energy transfer (LET) relationship leads to a considerable increase of equivalent doses received from galactic cosmic rays and fast neutrons, and calculated total radiation risk over cosmonaut's lifetime.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC GRAVITATIONAL STRESS IN THE ADRENAL
Authors:   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg, Pashchenko P.S. , Sukhoterin A.F. ,   Branch 3 of FSBI «3 Central Military Clinical Hospital named after A.A. Vishnevsky», Odintsovo, Moscow region, Shapovalov P.A. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg
Published: June 2021

Optical and electron microscopy, quantitative cytochemistry and morphometric analysis were used to look into structural and functional transformations in the bloodstream, adrenal cortex corticosterocytes and adrenal brain cells in consequence of exposure to modeled acute and chronic gravitational stresses (AGS and CGS respectively). AGS caused adrenal hyperemia, hypertrophy of the zona fasciculata, elevated activity of enzymes involved in mitochondrial and extramitochondrial oxidation, and secretion of undissolved catecholamine granules in the capillary bloodstream. CGS depressed mitochondrial oxidation, activated glycolysis, produced destructive changes in corticosteroids, and LED lipid droplets in capillary lumen. From capillaries the fat droplets traveled further to the brain sinusoids where they deposited together with blood corpuscles (erythrocytes primarily) and formed microcirculation impairing microemboli. Thereupon we assume that the source of lipid droplets under the full-strength gravitational stress is intermediate products of corticoid synthesis in conditions of mitochondria destruction and disturbed mitochondrial metabolism in cells of the fasciculata and glomerulosa zones.
Plano de ações articuladas na gestão da educação de municípios pertencentes à associação dos municípios da zona da produção (AMZOP)-RS
Authors: Cichelero Silvana Maria Tres , Lunardi Elisiane Machado , Zinn Carla da Luz
Published: June 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os limites e as possibilidades que o Plano de Ações Articuladas - PAR traz para a gestão da Educação de municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Sul pertencentes à AMZOP (Associação dos Municípios da Zona da Produção). De abordagem qualitativa (FLICK, 2009; 2012), como estudo de casos múltiplos (YIN, 2001; TRIVIÑOS, 1987), foram utilizados questionários Google para a coleta de dados, enviados via link de acesso a todas as Secretarias de Educação dos municípios da AMZOP/RS. Para fins de análise, foi usada a triangulação de dados (GIL, 2008; FLICK, 2009) e a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). A partir disso, elencou-se os limites e as possibilidades que o PAR trouxe à educação nos municípios participantes da pesquisa. A principal possibilidade foi o acesso a recursos financeiros de infraestrutura para as redes de ensino e a principal limitação foi a centralização dos recursos e das decisões na esfera federal. O estudo confirma mudanças singulares na gestão da educação nos municípios pertencentes à AMZOP/RS, a partir do PAR. É preciso uma análise crítica do plano e da gestão que vem sendo desenvolvida, referente à democratização da educação a partir dos princípios da autonomia, descentralização de poder e da participação efetiva da comunidade.
Políticas públicas, tecnologias educacionais e Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA)
Authors: Mallmann Elena Maria , Schneider Daniele da Rocha
Published: June 2021

A análise interpretativo-crítica centra-se nos microcontextos das políticas e práticas de formação de professores para aprimoramento da Fluência Tecnológico-Pedagógica (FTP) com Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA). Nesse âmbito, os dispositivos das políticas públicas são analisados à luz de princípios universais como o direito à educação, democratização do conhecimento e aprendizagem ao longo da vida. A delimitação temática, os dados e as conclusões são sistematizadas sob a estrutura metodológica de três matrizes cartográficas típicas de uma pesquisa-ação: Matriz Dialógico-Problematizadora (MDP), Matriz Temático-Organizadora (MTO) e Matriz Temático-Analítica (MTA). Os resultados ressaltam a pluralidade de percepções, traduções e (re)interpretações locais das políticas relacionadas às tecnologias educacionais e Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA). As práticas discursivas demarcam tipologias ingênuas em curvaturas que vão desde a negacionista até a futurologista. Como desfecho, a proposição afirmativa acentua a Fluência Tecnológico-Pedagógica (FTP) como princípio basilar para operar de modo crítico e emancipatório na interpretação, recontextualização e retemporalização das políticas públicas.
Professores, tecnologias digitais e inclusão escolar: desafios da política de educação especial em um município brasileiro
Authors: Ferreira Fabiane da Silva , Rebelo Andressa Santos , Kassar Mônica de Carvalho Magalhães
Published: June 2021

Este artigo objetiva conhecer as concepções dos professores sobre o uso das tecnologias digitais nas atividades pedagógicas, em um contexto de diversidade, em uma região do Brasil que implantou a política nacional de educação inclusiva. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em consulta a documentos e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes que atuam em salas comuns e em salas de atendimento educacional especializado, com crianças na etapa de alfabetização. A escola se distingue por receber grande número de alunos da educação especial, por possuir um centro de especializado de apoio à inclusão, e atender alunos que tem o espanhol como língua materna, por localizar-se perto da fronteira entre Brasil e Bolívia.
Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Effects of Achyranthis Bidentatae
Radix Plus Semen Vaccariae on Migraine-induced Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Haisong , Wang Jisheng , Feng Junlong , Deng Sheng , Bao Binghao , Meng Fanchao , Dai Hengheng , Xu Hongsheng , Wang Shizhen
Published: June 2021

Background and aim:

Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen Vaccariae are
traditional Chinese medicines, which have been widely applied in the treatment of migraine and
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) for many years. This study verified the effect of Achyranthis Bidentatae
Radix plus Semen Vaccariae in improving migraine-induced ED and explored its potential
mechanism.

Methods:

Key targets and signaling pathways of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen
Vaccariae in migraine-induced erectile dysfunction treatment were predicted by network
pharmacology. A rat model of migraine was established by nitroglycerin injection. Apomorphine
was injected into rats to screen the migraine-induced erectile dysfunction model, Achyranthis
Bidentatae Radix-Semen Vaccariae granule suspension administered, and erectile function
evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to compare the histological structure of the
penile tissue, while RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to determine mRNA and protein
levels, respectively.

Results:

Screening allowed us to identify common targets for migraine and ED; the signaling
pathway exhibiting the greatest change was the Myosin light chain kinase- Calcium (MLCK-CaM)
signal pathway. From Western blotting and RT-qPCR, we found that the levels of MLCK mRNA
and protein in rats from Group B rats were significantly higher (P <0.05) than those in Groups A
and C. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of CaM were significantly higher in Group B (P
<0.05) than in Groups A and C.

Conclusion:

Data indicate that the regulatory effects of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen
Vaccariae on migraine-induced ED in a rat model are mediated by the MLCK-CaM signaling pathway.
The Application of Peptides in Glioma: A Novel Tool for Therapy
Authors: Li Li , Chen Jianhong , Ming Yue , Li Bin , Fu Ruoqiu , Duan Dongyu , Li Ziwei , Ni Rui , Wang Xianfeng , Zhou Yueling , Zhang Lin
Published: June 2021

Background:

Glioma is the most aggressive and lethal tumor of the central nervous system. Due to the cellular heterogeneity, the invasiveness, and blood-brain barrier (BBB), current therapeutic approaches, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, are poorly to obtain great anti-tumor efficacy. However, peptides, a novel type of therapeutic agent, displayed excellent ability in the tumor, which becomes a new molecule for glioma treatment.

Method:

We review the current knowledge on peptides for the treatment of glioma through a PubMed-based literature search.

Results:

In the treatment of glioma, peptides can be used as (i) decoration on the surface of the delivery system, facilitating the distribution and accumulation of the anti-tumor drug in target site;(ii) anti-tumor active molecules, inhibiting the growth of glioma and reducing solid tumor volume; (iii) immune-stimulating factor, and it activating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment or recruiting immune cells to the tumor for breaking out the immunosuppression by glioma cells.

Conclusion:

The application of peptides has revolutionized the treatment of glioma, which based on targeting, penetrating, anti-tumor activities and immunostimulatory. Moreover, better outcomes have been discovered in combining different kinds of peptides rather than a single one. Until now, more and more preclinical studies have been developed with multifarious peptides, which shows promising results in vitro or vivo with the model of glioma.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Chiral Rhodanine Derivatives Bearing
Quinoxalinyl Imidazole Moiety as ALK5 Inhibitors
Authors: Zheng Chang Ji , Jin Cheng Hua , Zhao Li-Min , Guo Fang Yan , Wang Hui Min , Dou Tong , Da Qi Jun , Xu Wen Bo , Piao Lianxun , Jin Xuejun , Chen Fen-Er , Piao Hu-Ri
Published: June 2021

Background:

TGF-β signaling pathway inhibition is considered an effective way to prevent
the development of several diseases. In the design and synthesis of TGF-β inhibitors, a rhodanine
compound containing a quinoxalinyl imidazole moiety was found to have strong antimicrobial
activity.

Objective:

The purpose of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of other chiral rhodanine
TGF-β inhibitors synthesized.

Methods:

Two series of 3-substituted-5-(5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalinyl-6-yl)- 1Himidazol-
2-yl)methylene)-2-thioxothiazolin-4-ones (12a-h and 13a-e) were synthesized and evaluated
for their ALK5 inhibitory and antimicrobial activity. The structures were confirmed by their 1H
NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra. All the synthesized compounds were screened against Grampositive
strains, Gram-negative strains, and fungi.

Results:

Among the synthesized compounds, compound 12h showed the highest activity (IC50 =
0.416 μM) against ALK5 kinase. Compound 12h exhibited a good selectivity index of >24 against
p38α MAP kinase and was 6.0-fold more selective than the clinical candidate, compound 2 (LY-
2157299). Nearly all the compounds displayed high selectivity toward both Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacteria. They also showed similar or 2.0-fold greater antifungal activity (minimum
inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 0.5 μg/mL) compared with the positive control compounds Gatifloxacin
(MIC = 0.5 μg/mL) and fluconazole (MIC = 1 μg/mL).

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that the synthesized rhodanine compounds have good ALK5 inhibitory
activity, and merit further research and development as potential antifungal drugs.