bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latin American TV Series as the Channel for Intercultural Communication with Europe
Authors:   Institute of Theatre, Cinema and Television of the ", Vinogradova Ekaterina ,   Synergy",   University.
Published: February 2021

The study of intercultural communication within large cultures is particularly relevant in the 21st century in an era of globalization. Nowadays, thanks to the development of new information channels, such as social networks, as well as public diplomacy, branding of culture and art, popularization of national cultural traditions has become an integral part of the cultural diplomacy of Latin American countries. Despite globalization that has led to the global hybridization of television production, Latin American television series still retain the characteristics of unique products, introducing the foreign viewer to the culture and traditions of the Latin American region. In the 21st century, leading Latin American TV companies have changed the content of TV series aimed at different groups of target audiences. Social topics related to inequality, the emergence of civil society, problems of young people, and criminalization of society have found their way beyond the Latin American continent and have received a strong response in European countries. The Netflix site has become an important communication channel for Latin American television serial products. Television series, as the main marketing product of the leading Latin American media conglomerates, have contributed to the development of intercultural communication with European target audiences, where Latin American television stations have found similar social and cultural features and have become a kind of brand of this television genre. The popularity of Latin American serial products in Europe is due to the emergence of hybrid series and joint Latin American-European production of this type of entertainment television products. The article explores the stages of Latin American TV series' distribution in European countries and their impact on intercultural communication between Latin America and Europe.
The slowing Growth of Global Economy: Keynesian and Neo-Classical Interpretations
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bazhan Anatoliy
Published: February 2021

The article outlines the reasons for the slowing growth of global economy in the last 2 years and analyzes the views of IMF and UNCTAD experts on this subject. The author concludes that the new US protection policy cannot be considered the main reason of the slowdown: the growth of US import tariffs for China and Europe does impede the economic growth in those regions, but it stimulates growth in the US and other countries whose corporations compete with Chinese producers in the US market. The author argues that the Keynesian theory gives a better explanation to the slower growth as it is attributed to lack of demand and productive investment. The article shows that the Keynesian theory needs to be corrected as well, because the liberalization of global economy distorts the connection between money demand, generated by incomes in various countries, and growth of their economies: the demand can be covered by goods produced abroad, while investment can be allocated for foreign projects. Thus, promotion of economic activity should utilize not only the traditional Keynesian recipes of financial and credit influence, but also the national customs and currency regulation, as well as respective cross border capital migration restrictions.
Contemporary Problems of Humanitarian Diplomacy
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Potemkina Olga
Published: February 2021

The article provides insight into the main ideas and conclusions of the monograph written by Elizaveta Gromoglasova, the relevance of which has increased in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The growing humanitarian needs of the vulnerable population in conflict zones as well as traditional donor countries, are outlined. The increasing politicization of humanitarian aid is highlighted, inter alia, in the EU Member States. Based on the main features of modern Russian humanitarian diplomacy, which were identified by the author, the directions, motivations and problems of Russia’s humanitarian cooperation with European countries during the pandemic are revealed. The article points out the high value of the monograph both for University teaching in the field of international relations and for practical actions in the field of foreign policy.
Strategic Autonomy of the EU and Problems of Formation of the Foreign Policy Agenda in the Time of the Pandemic
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shcherbak Igor
Published: February 2021

The article explores the evolution of the EU Strategic Autonomy concept in the context of COVID-19 and the search by the EU for its global role in the modern system of changing international relations. The author underlines that the coronavirus pandemic accelerated transformation of Strategic Autonomy into a complex and flexible instrument, which covers practically all the EU foreign and internal policy priorities, starting from overcoming negative socio-economic impact of COVID-19 and securing the EU “health sovereignty”, achieving autonomy in development of a new generation of IT technologies and artificial intelligence to effective defence, resolution of ecological and migration issues, modern crisis management in global and regional aspects. It is argued that the Strategic Autonomy is used by the EU as a powerful driver for strengthening political unity and solidarity of the EU, increasing effectiveness of political decision-making process and harmonization of coordination management inside the EU. Special attention is paid to the priorities and goals of the EU foreign policy’s agenda for short-term and long-term perspectives. Some for cast is given concerning the strategic relations of the EU with China, Russia, USA and the UN system. Key aspects of the EU strategy on crisis regulation and international security are also described. The author envisages that in the long-term perspectives the EU continues to deepen strategic partnership with the UN in order to increase its influence on the UN system's institutional reforms in the spheres of international security, prevention of conflicts, economic resilience, development of democracy and human rights, protection of environment. The article also outlines the issue of the EU’s international partner selection in light of the Strategic Autonomy and the volatile conditions of the modern system of international relations and rising competition for global influence among key world powers.
Foreign Policy Dimension of the European Integration: Lessons of COVID-19
Authors:   MGIMO University, Bolgova Irina
Published: February 2021

The European solidarity was challenged by the coronavirus pandemic both at institutional regulations and nation-state levels. The presented analysis is based on a review of the official speeches of the heads of European institutions and expert publications of leading European think-tanks and researches demonstrating that the geopolitical dimension of the EU foreign policy today is a new basis for intra-European consolidation in light of growing frustration about the global role of the US and China. The European foreign policy is nevertheless regarded as a new consensus within the integration alliance. Actually, the EU geopolitical role is an updated foundation for domestic consolidation, as it allows to push aside the contradictions on the value-based internal political development, which were clearly associated with the growth of nationalism, and to articulate the external conditions for political identity. The need for a stable consensus on foreign policy priorities creates the preconditions for the formation of new principles of relations with China, the emergence of Africa as a promising area for the application of the common foreign policy and a decrease of interest in integration projects in Eurasia.
EU-Latin America: Towards a Constructive Model of Partnership
Authors:   Institute of Latin America, Russian Academy of Sciences., Tayar Violetta
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the future-oriented forms in the bi-regional partnership between the European Union and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The author analyses changes in the cooperation on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean with special attention to the geo-economic and geo-strategic interests of the parties due to the signing of the EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement. The author holds that the EU currently needs a renewed approach to its dialogue with the LAC. In this regard a promising form of cooperation is the joint implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (agenda 2030). The author argues that the official development assistance and environmental programmes might be an important component of a constructive EU-LAC partnership. The EU currently implements a wide range of initiatives in sustainable development. Thus, the members of European Union seek to move forward to a new pattern of reproduction in the world economic system, based on the SDG agenda, both within the EU and in the interregional North-South cooperation. In this context, the significance of the EU and the LAC interaction in three dimensions of sustainable development ‒ economic, social and ecological – is growing.
Functional Imaging and Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Kang Keon Wook
Published: February 2021

Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) are overexpressed in various tumors including neuroendocrine tumors. In-111 Octreoscan or Ga-68 DOTATOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) showed these SSTR expressing tumors in whole body of patients. Ga-68 DOTATOC PET/CT has a better sensitivity and resolution than In-111 Octreoscan with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT.. The indications of Ga-68 DOTATOC PET/CT are 1) staging: detect sites of primary and metastasis, 2) re-staging: follow-up of patients with known disease to detect residual, recurrent or progressive disease, 3) prognosis & management decisions: determine SSTR status & select patients with SSTR radionuclide therapy, and 4) monitor the response to therapy. Nuclear medicine treatments for neuroendocrine tumors with radioisotope labeling on the somatostatin receptor targeting peptide (peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, PRRT) were conducted in Europe, Australia, and other countries for over 20 years. Eligible patients to be effective to PRRT using Lu-177 DOTATATE can be pre-screened by confirming the expression of somatostatin receptor on tumors using Octreoscan or Ga-68 DOTATOC PET/CT prior to treatment. This pair of molecular targeted treatment and companion diagnostics, so called molecular theranostics makes PRRT a good example for a precision medicine. A multinational clinical trial with the Lu-177 DOTATATE treatment (Lutathera) showed a significant progression free survival over the control group and Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea approved Lutathera. Some doctors are treating patients who are refractory to Lu-177 using Ac-225, an alpha-emitter therapy in Germany and India. The high therapeutic effect of the alpha emitting radionuclides will lead the future of nuclear medicine therapy.
Liver Directed Interventional Treatments for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor with Liver Metastasis
Authors: Kim Jong Woo , Gwon Dong Il , Kim Hyo-Cheol
Published: February 2021

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare, but the frequency of detection is constantly increasing due to recent advances in diagnostic technology. Since liver metastasis (LM) of PNETs is highly correlated with long-term survival, active treatment is important. Liver-directed treatment is recommended for patients with unresectable LM from PNET if symptomatic or progressing despite medical management. Liverdirected intervention treatment, including locally ablative techniques and hepatic arterial embolotherapy has a vital role in controlling symptoms and improving overall survival rates. The purpose of this article is to address the recent advances in liverdirected intervention treatments for the treatment of LM of PNETs.
The natural history of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies in autoimmune Addison’s disease
Authors: Wolff Anette Boe , Breivik Lars , Hufthammer Karl Ove , Grytaas Marianne Aardal , Bratland Eirik , Husebye Eystein Sverre , Oftedal Bergithe Eikeland
Published: February 2021

Background

The most common cause of primary adrenal failure (Addison’s disease) in the Western world is autoimmunity characterized by autoantibodies against the steroidogenic enzyme 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2, 21OH). Detection of 21OH-autoantibodies is currently used for aetiological diagnosis, but how levels of 21OH-autoantibodies vary over time is not known.

Setting

Samples from the national Norwegian Addison’s Registry and Biobank established in 1996 (n = 711). Multi-parameter modelling of the course of 21OH-autoantibody indices over time.

Results

21OH-autoantibody positivity is remarkably stable, and >90% of the patients are still positive 30 years after diagnosis. Even though the antibody levels decline with disease duration, it is only rarely that this downturn reaches negativity. 21OH-autoantibody indices are affected by age at diagnosis, sex, type of Addison’s disease (isolated vs autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I or II) and HLA genotype.

Conclusion

21OH-autoantibodies are reliable and robust markers for autoimmune Addison’s disease, linked to HLA risk genotype. However, a negative test in patients with long disease duration does not exclude autoimmune aetiology.
NTRK fusion analysis reveals enrichment in Middle Eastern BRAF wild-type PTC
Authors: Kong Yan , Bu Rong , Parvathareddy Sandeep Kumar , Siraj Abdul K , Siraj Nabil , Al-Sobhi Saif S , Al-Dayel Fouad , Al-Kuraya Khawla S
Published: February 2021

Objective

Fusions involving neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) are known oncogenic drivers in a broad range of tumor types. It recently gained attention as a predictor of targeted therapy since selective NTRK inhibitors are now approved in the US and Europe for patients with solid tumors harboring gene fusions. However, estimation of NTRK gene fusion/alteration frequency and its clinicopathological characteristics in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is limited, especially in a population with high incidence for PTC like Middle Eastern population. This study aims to characterize the NTRK gene fusion frequency and investigate the utility of pan-Trk immunohistochemistry (IHC) as predictor of NTRK fusion in a large cohort of Middle Eastern PTC.

Methods

FISH analysis for NTRK gene fusions and pan-Trk IHC was performed on 315 Middle Eastern PTCs. Correlation of NTRK gene fusion and protein expression with clinicopathological markers and patient outcome were determined.

Results

In our cohort, 6.0% (19/315) patients showed NTRK gene fusions and were significantly associated with pediatric PTC (P  = 0.0143), lymph node metastasis (P  = 0.0428) and BRAF WT tumors (P  < 0.0001). Pan-Trk IHC was positive in 9.2% (29/315) of cases and significantly associated with NTRK fusions, with a sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 94.9% in this cohort.

Conclusions

This study confirms the presence of NTRK fusions in Middle Eastern PTC which is significantly enriched in BRAF WT as well as pediatric age group and proposes the usefulness of IHC to screen for PTC patients with NTRK fusion that might benefit from TRK inhibitors.
Exploring the underlying mechanism of action of a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Youdujing ointment, for cervical cancer treatment
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lv Ji , Xiao Ming , Yang Li , Zhang Le
Published: February 2021

Background

A traditional Chinese medicine formula, Youdujing (YDJ) ointment, is widely used for treatment of human papilloma virus‐related diseases, such as cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms by which active compounds of YDJ alleviates cervical cancer are still unclear.

Methods

We applied a comprehensive network pharmacology approach to explore the key mechanisms of YDJ by integrating potential target identification, network analysis, and enrichment analysis into classical molecular docking procedures. First, we used network and enrichment analyses to identify potential therapeutic targets. Second, we performed molecular docking to investigate the potential active compounds of YDJ. Finally, we carried out a network‐based analysis to unravel potentially effective drug combinations.

Results

Network analysis yielded four potential therapeutic targets: ESR1, NFKB1, TNF, and AKT1. Molecular docking highlighted that these proteins may interact with four potential active compounds of YDJ: E4, Y2, Y20, and Y21. Finally, we found that Y2 or Y21 can act alone or together with E4 to trigger apoptotic cascades via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and estrogen receptors.

Conclusion

Our study not only explained why YDJ is effective for cervical cancer treatment, but also lays a strong foundation for future clinical studies based on this traditional medicine.
Innovación y emprendimiento de negocios verdes
Authors: Oscar Rene Avella Guzman
Published: February 2021

El propósito de este documento fue el de identificar y destacar las posibilidades de convertir condiciones ambientales adversas, en oportunidades de innovación de negocios verdes sustentables, mediante el emprendiemiento como herramienta estratégica para contribuir con la conservación y preservación del ambiente, así como con el desarrollo económico y social del país. Para lograr los objetivos propuestos, fue necesario hacer un análisis de la problemática ambiental del país, evaluación de instrumentos económicos y normativos en torno al emprendimiento y la innovación, así como la determinación de potencialidades ambientales que sirvan para proyectar negocios innovadores verdes, apalancados por emprendimiento. Los resultados obtenidos orientan hacia una gran potencialidad en Colombia para idear, estructurar y desarrollar negocios verdes innovadores, economicamente viables y sostenibles por medio del emprendimiento. Se identificaron las características y los procedimientos que se deben seguir para convertir una idea de negocio en un negocio verde innovador y sostenible, así como los diferentes mecanismos de financiación.
Métricas de autor Luis Germán Ortega-Ruiz
Authors: Camilo Alejandro Corchuelo Rodriguez , Cristian Alexander Vega Mosquera , Luz Marina Paez
Published: February 2021

Informe de las métricas de autor del Dr. Luis Germán Ortega-Ruiz de las publicaciones indexadas en Google Académico cuyo objetivo es entregar un insumo para el fortalecimiento de las capacidades y potencialidades de los autores de la Universidad Santo Tomás en el posicionamiento y visibilidad de sus publicaciones.
Presentación de Signo Distintivo Semillero IDEAS
Authors: Miguel Andrés Riveros Romero , Diana Lorena Galeano Rodríguez , Amable José Pérez , Mario Fernando Prieto Delgadillo
Published: February 2021

El documento da cuenta de la presentación del signo distintivo del semillero IDEAS
Presentación de Signo Distintivo semillero de investigación INBIOLLANO
Authors: Saúl Martínez Molina , Ivonne Lucia Serna Bonilla
Published: February 2021

Este documento da cuenta de la presentación del signo distintivo del semillero de investigación INBIOLLANOS
Guía metodológica colegio el Carmelo
Authors: Paulo Germán García Murillo , Juana Yadira Martín Perico , Julio Ernesto Rojas Mesa , Bernardo Garibello Suan , Laura Belkis Parada Romero
Published: February 2021

En el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 se plantea nuevos retos en los procesos de aprendizaje de la ciencias naturales, ya que se restringe completamente la presencialidad en colegios de básica primaria, lo que dificulta el desarrollo de experiencias de tipo experimental; en respuesta a lo anterior se genera el presente proyecto, que tiene como propósito principal la generación de competencias STEAM (ambientales, tecnológicas y pedagógicas y artísticas), para cursos de quinto grado de básica primaria en un colegio de la localidad de Teusaquillo (El Carmelo) en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. mediante una experiencia agrícola urbana. Para el desarrollo de lo anterior se diseñaron dos prácticas experimentales para desarrollo en casa, utilizando en ambos casos semillas de fríjol (variedad cargamanto), el cual es de fácil adquisición en los momentos de abastecimiento de alimentos El en primer ensayo se evalúa el efecto de la pregerminación controlada de semillas en matriz sólida, para lo cual se utilizará cascarilla de arroz o residuos de café (cuncho) evaluando el porcentaje y tiempo de germinación con y sin pregerminación; el segundo ensayo se evaluará el crecimiento y desarrollo de plántulas de fríjol en tres intensidades de luz diferentes (plena, media y en oscuridad). Se espera como resultado del proyecto, generar una guía pedagógica para profesores, padres de familia y estudiantes que permita el desarrollo de competencias STEAM y ambientales, que pueda incorporarse como práctica en cursos de ciencias naturales y en los hogares de los estudiantes, como elemento de entendimiento de la transformación de la materia orgánica, seguridad y soberanía alimentaria, tecnologías limpias, agricultura urbana y nutrición.
Educación y Sociología. Experiencias que transforman la realidad
Authors: Luisa Fernanda Luque Ramírez , Maria Catalina López Andrade , Ana María Ortíz Arévalo , Nataly Vargas Rodríguez , Laura Daniela Rusinque Castillo
Published: February 2021

En el marco de la Semana Anómica N°2 del semestre 2020-1, se plantea dentro de las diversas actividades para el día jueves 11 de junio de 2020 un conversatorio sobre Educación y Sociología que contó con la participación de estudiantes de la Facultad de Sociología pertenecientes al Semillero de Educación y Política las cuales trabajaron en experiencias de educación y trabajo participativo dentro de los distintos semestres y asignaturas alrededor de estas cuatro temáticas: Educación para la paz, Educación Ambiental, Jóvenes y Educación y Educación Popular. Este conversatorio se desarrolló a partir de 6 preguntas orientadoras respecto a cada experiencia; los aspectos que generaron mayor sensibilidad; los principales retos encontrados en la realización de la investigación (fuentes, metodología, participación de la comunidad; el contraste entre lo aprendido en la academia con relación a la instrucción sobre los proyectos y la realidad; las perspectivas frente al ejercicio de trabajar con comunidades y la posibilidad de transformar la realidad y finalmente, las concepciones frente a la educación desde cada experiencia. De manera general, este espacio permitió evidenciar la articulación de la teoría y las instrucciones recibidas en los espacios de clase, y la práctica que se adquiere al acercarse y trabajar con la comunidad.
Ponencia - Jimena Mahecha González - Cali, Colombia
Authors: Jimena Mahecha González
Published: February 2021

Informe de movilidad académica. Ponencia en el IV Congreso de Red Intercol en la Universidad ICESI de Cali.
On the prospects of using metal hydrides in nuclear energy
Authors:   State Enterprise National Atomic Energy Generating Company “Energoatom”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vlasenko M.I. , Korotenko M.M , Lytvynenko S.L. , Pyshna D.V. , Morozov I.A. , Stratilat D.P. , Khomych I.A. , Budnyk O.P. ,   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2021

The results of analytical and experimental studies of neutron-protective properties of a number of domestic materials and of the SWX-277 material (manufactured in the USA) are reported. SWX-277 is employed for protection against neutron irradiation in containers for dry storage of spent nuclear fuel in the Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The results of studies have confirmed the high protective properties of some domestic materials (in particular, titanium hydride), and the perspective of their wider use for protection against neutron irradiation.
Reconstruction of the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation for helophytes in the water bodies of the near emergency zone at the Chornobyl NPP
Authors:   Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Belyaev V.V. , Volkova O.M. , Gudkov D.I. , Pryshlyak S.P.
Published: February 2021

Based on modeling the dynamics of the Chornobyl emission radionuclide content in the components of the most polluted reservoirs of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, the absorbed dose for helophytes was reconstructed. During the growing season of 1986, the absorbed dose of plants of Glyboke Lake was 78 Gy, Daleke Lake 39 Gy. The absorbed dose rate of plant roots was 2.4 times higher than that of aboveground organs. According to actual data, in the period 2016 - 2019 in the Glyboke Lake average dose of external and internal plant irradiation was about 7.5 mGy/year, and in the Daleke Lake 5.6 mGy/year. On abnormally contaminated sections of the Glyboke Lake, the external dose reaches 0.5 - 1.0 Gy/year. During the period 1986 - 2020, the maximum cumulative (biological) dose of helophytes of Glyboke Lake can be 190 Gy, Daleke Lake 80 - 85 Gy.
Intent, Substance, and Care: Characteristics of Adolescent Ingestion Hospitalizations
Authors: Titus Lauren , Stephany Alyssa , Porada Kelsey , McFadden Vanessa
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To characterize the patient population of adolescents hospitalized at a tertiary center for ingestions and identify opportunities to improve health care delivered and resources offered to these adolescents.

METHODS:

Retrospective study of a consecutive sample of adolescent patients (12–18 years old) discharged from the hospitalist service at a large academic pediatric tertiary care center from May 2017 through April 2018. Data were collected regarding patient and hospital encounter characteristics including length of stay, admission service, reason for ingestion, substance(s) ingested, previous suicidal ideation (SI) screening, sexual history documentation, pregnancy testing, disposition at discharge and follow-up with primary care physicians (PCPs).

RESULTS:

Most hospitalizations for ingestions were reported as intentional suicide attempts (79%). Most commonly, adolescents ingested exclusively prescription medications (45%) or over-the-counter medications (32%). Of adolescents with a reported suicide attempt for whom PCP records were available, 56% did not have SI screening documented in the medical record. One-quarter of adolescents hospitalized for an ingestion did not have a sexual history documented, and 11% of female patients were not tested for pregnancy before discharge. A majority (66%) of the adolescents with PCP records available did not follow-up with their PCP within 2 months after their hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONS:

On the basis of our study results, opportunities to improve adolescent health include increased screening for SI and mental health symptoms throughout medical environments, comprehensive risk assessment of all adolescents hospitalized for an ingestion and increased guidance for caregivers of adolescents regarding prescription and over-the-counter medication storage in the home.
Identifying Children With Medical Complexity From the National Survey of Children’s Health Combined 2016–17 Data Set
Authors: Yu Justin A. , McKernan Gina , Hagerman Thomas , Schenker Yael , Houtrow Amy
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To develop a method of identifying children with medical complexity (CMC) from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) 2016–2017 combined data set, to compare this approach to existing CMC identification strategies, and to describe sociodemographic characteristics of our CMC sample.

METHODS:

Using survey items pertinent to the medical complexity domains in the style by Cohen et al (chronic health conditions, health service needs, health care use, and functional limitations), we created a schema to categorize children as CMC by applying a 95th percentile cutoff for survey item positivity. We applied existing CMC identification techniques to the NSCH. We used 2-proportion z tests to compare the classification output of our CMC identification method to those of existing approaches. We used χ2 analyses to examine relationships between child and family characteristics, comparing CMC with children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and children with no special health care needs.

RESULTS:

Among the 71 811 children in the sample, 1.5% were classified as CMC by our method, representing almost 1.2 million children (weighted) in the United States in 2016–2017. CSHCN and children with no special health care needs represented 17.2% (weighted n = 12.6 million) and 81.2% (weighted n = 59.6 million) of the sample, respectively. Our approach classified a significantly smaller number of CSHCN as CMC than existing CMC identification methods, which classified 3.9% to 13.2% of the 2016–2017 NSCH sample as more complex (P < .001). CMC status was significantly associated with male sex, minority race or ethnicity, and experiencing socioeconomic adversity (all P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

This method enables standardized identification of CMC from NSCH data sets, thus allowing for an examination of CMC health outcomes, pertinent to pediatric hospitalist medicine, contained in the survey.
Trends in Dispensed Opioid Analgesic Prescriptions to Children in South Carolina: 2010–2017
Authors: Basco William T. , McCauley Jenna L. , Zhang Jingwen , Mauldin Patrick D. , Simpson Kit N. , Heidari Khosrow , Marsden Justin E. , Ball Sarah J.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Despite published declines in opioid prescribing and dispensing to children in the past decade, in few studies have researchers evaluated all children in 1 state or examined changes in mean daily opioid dispensed. In this study, we evaluated changes in the rate of dispensed opioid analgesics and the mean daily opioid dispensed to persons 0 to 18 years old in 1 state over an 8-year period.

METHODS:

We identified opioid analgesics dispensed to children 0 to 18 years old between 2010 and 2017 using South Carolina prescription drug monitoring program data. We used generalized linear regression analyses to examine changes over time in the following: (1) rate of dispensed opioid prescriptions and (2) mean daily morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) per prescription.

RESULTS:

From the first quarter of 2010 to the end of the fourth quarter of 2017, the quarterly rate of opioids dispensed decreased from 18.68 prescriptions per 1000 state residents to 12.03 per 1000 residents (P < .0001). The largest declines were among the oldest individuals, such as the 41.2% decline among 18-year-olds. From 2010 through 2017, the mean daily MME dispensed declined by 7.6%, from 40.7 MMEs per day in 2010 to 37.6 MMEs per day in 2017 (P < .0001), but the decrease was limited to children 0 to 9 years old.

CONCLUSIONS:

The rate of opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to children 0 to 18 years old in South Carolina declined by 35.6% over the years 2010–2017; however, the MME dispensed per day declined minimally, suggesting that more can be done to improve opioid prescribing and dispensing.
Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Dickinson Kimberly M. , Collaco Joseph M.
Published: February 2021

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most commonly diagnosed genetic disorders. Clinical characteristics include progressive obstructive lung disease, sinusitis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency leading to malabsorption and malnutrition, liver and pancreatic dysfunction, and male infertility. Although CF is a life-shortening disease, survival has continued to improve to a median age of 46.2 years due to earlier diagnosis through routine newborn screening, promulgation of evidence-based guidelines to optimize nutritional and pulmonary health, and the development of CF-specific interdisciplinary care centers. Future improvements in health and quality of life for individuals with CF are likely with the recent development of mutation-specific modulator therapies. In this review, we will cover the current understanding of the disease manifestations, diagnosis, and management as well as common complications seen in individuals with CF.
Contraceptive Use of Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System: Case Series
Authors: Ayaz Zeynep , Uzuner Arzu
Published: February 2021

Aim: Levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-RIS) is a highly effective, safe and reversible contraceptive method. It suppresses endometrial cell proliferation, thickens cervical mucus, disrupts tubal motility by creating a high levonorgestrel concentration in the endometrium and tubal mucosa. In our country, LNG-RIS is mostly used in Gynecology and Obstetrics clinics in the treatment of pathologies such as adenomyosis, endometriosis, hyperplasia and their symptoms such as menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and is prescribed at the hospitals due to a medication report. It has a high level of protection (99.9%), and its contraceptive effect is considered to last five years, and fertility returns rapidly after removal. In this study it was aimed to evaluate retrospectively the continuation rate, the presence of unwanted effects and the patient satisfaction after insertion of LNG-RIS. Method: This is a retrospective, descriptive study of women who had been inserted LNG-IUS with contraceptive purpose in the family planning unit of the Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, between 2013-2019; the data of a total 38 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The average age of the participants was 36±5 years. No pregnancy is detected during the use of the method. Five-year usage rate was 21% among users. A total of nine patients discontinued the method; one because being diagnosed with a glial tumor, two because of excessive bleeding, one other patient because having hysterectomy due to myoma uteri, two patients because the threads were not visible, two others because they have been told that their LNG-IUS had slipped down and one patient because of her pregnancy plan. The satisfaction rate was 52.6%. There was a decrease in both the duration and the amount of bleeding of menstruation but this decrease was not statistically significant. Conclusion: LNG-RIS is an effective, reliable contraception method with low side effect. It is still limited in primary care and it will be more appropriate to spread its use.
Diabetes mellitus, insulin therapy, oral antidiabetic, rational drug use
Authors: Dinçoğlu Hacer
Published: February 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM); is a metabolic progressive di-sease with a rapidly increasing prevalence. The most important factors in the treatment of DM is the education of individuals with diabetes and rational drug use. Multiple insulin therapy is started with the diagnosis in type 1 DM (T1DM), oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) and insulin treatments are initiated together according to the glycemic status in Type 2 DM (T2DM). Problems causing irrational drug use related to OAD in DM; advanced age, multidrug use, complex drug intake program, lack of knowledge, drug-related side effects, and patient disbelief. Problems causing irrational drug use related to insulin; hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy, incorrect injection technique, insufficient and high dose administration. This situation appears as macrovascular and microvascular diseases with not reaching target HbA1c values by causing glycemic dysregulation in DM. The success of the holding of treatment in optimal status with prevention for glycemia and metabolic condition raises the quality of life in patients, prolong the patient’s life expectancy and reduces costs. Doctors and insulin educators raising awareness of rational drug use in the diabetic population ensures that correct the irrational behaviors performed in the diabetic population and adopt appropriate behaviors as a lifestyle. Thus it will improve the educational content given to people with diabetes, help to improve diabetes management and behavioral change, thereby achieving appropriate glycemic goals and increasing secondary rational gains from drugs with treatment.
Behaviors and problems of a medical school students’ related to distance education in pandemic medical education in the pandemic process
Authors: Karagöz Naim , Ağadayı Ezgi
Published: February 2021

Introduction and Aim: In a medical school, to determine whether students have the necessary infrastructure for distance education, students’ access to educational materials, the concerns and expectations of students about the process. Methods: First, second, third, fourth and fifth-year students, continue through distance education in the pandemic process in Cumhuriyet University Medical School, were included in the study. 336 students volunteered to participate in this descriptive research. The data collection tool used in research was created by the researchers. The data collection tool created by the researchers consists of 24 questions that the descriptive variables of students, their study status and problems in distance education process. Results: Students’ 91.4% entered the university’s distance education module. 82.1% of them stated that they studied less than the old working program during this process. Participants’ 19.3% did not have a suitable study environment at home, 19.6% of them did not have a computer and 12.2% of them had an irregular internet connection. There were significant differences between the presence of a suitable environment for home study (p=0.001), the internet access status (p=0.004) and the frequency of study. The answers given by students to the question of their concerns/problems related to this process; concerns about the distance education module (not getting feedback, problems with material adequacy, etc.) (42.3%), the lack of training (39.0%), concerns about the exam (28.9%), decreased will to study (16.7%), fail the class/low grades (14.6%) were gathered in these main categories, respectively. Participants’ 76.5% felt the lack of occupational practice. 61.6% of them demanded the increase of multimedia items in the materials uploaded to the system. Conclusion: Depending on the pandemic, the duration of distance education process remains uncertain. In this process, especially in occupational practice-oriented faculty such as medical faculties, students have concerns related to these deficiencies. In addition, when planning distance education, faculties should consider students’ availability of having devices and internet access.
Assessment of usage status and affecting factors about the contraception methods of young adult men
Authors: Ayhan Başer Duygu , Karaca Tülin
Published: February 2021

Objective: With this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge, usage status and attitudes of young adult men about family planning and contraception methods, a group that has not been studied before in our country, and to determine the influencing factors. Method: This descriptive research was conducted on male individuals between the ages of 18-35 between June 2020 and July 2020 by applying an online e-questionnaire. In the study, a questionnaire form consisting of 25 questions in total and formed after the literature review was applied. The e-questionnaire form developed by the researchers was shared 10 times over the web at three-day intervals. Results: 85.0% of the participants (n = 380) have experienced sexual intercourse at least once in their life. 55.7% of these people (n = 323) throughout their life; 21.1% of them have been with more than one partner in the last year. 89.2% of them do not plan to have a child in the next year. 65.9% of those who have had sexual intercourse have used contraceptive methods in their sexual intercourse. As the education level increases (p = 0.003), the increase in the frequency of using contraceptive methods was found to be statistically significant. Those who use alcohol (p = 0.004) and who think that men should be protected during sexual intercourse (p <0.001), use contraceptive methods more than others. Conclusion: Our study was conducted with a young adult male sample, and as a result, it was observed that more than half of the men used male contraceptive method together. In order to increase these rates, men to intervene in family planning by making a joint decision with their partner, and to increase the knowledge level of men, pre-marital applications should be evaluated as an opportunity, especially in primary health care centers and family health centers.
Verification of Compliance for Multilevel Models in Individual Trace Semantics
Authors: Khoroshilov Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: February 2021

The paper considers the problem of verification of compliance between models representing the same system on different level of abstraction. The existing approaches are mostly based on refinement relation. But the models representing industrial systems are quite big and complex, while semantics gap between the level is quite big. As a result, the existing methods became too complex and labour intensive. The paper presents new verification techniques that targets to prove multimodel compliance in terms of individual trace semantics. The techniques assume that each model is verified, i.e. it is proved that starting from initial states of labelled transition system is not possible to reach unsafe states by using valid transitions. The first proposed technique allows to prove that the detailed model satisfies to requirements of the abstract model, i.e. reachable states of detailed model do not include states corresponding to unsafe states of the abstract model. The second proposed technique allows to prove that the detailed model satisfies to behaviour specification of the abstract model, i.e. all reachable transitions of the detailed model do not include transitions corresponding to invalid transitions of the abstract model. For each technique the correspondence relation is defined in terms of the models, i.e. the relations are formally defined and they can be used for analysis with interactive or automated provers. At the same time, there are some requirements to that relations that are expressed in terms of low level events that exist hypothetically only and can be analyzed theoretically only. As a result, the proposed techniques provides a reasonable approach to prove compliance between mulilevel models in more approachable way for industrial settings.
Formal Verification of a Mandatory Integrity Control Model for the KasperskyOS Operating System
Authors: Burenkov Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: February 2021

Models of mandatory integrity control in operating systems usually restrict accesses of active components of a system to passive ones and represent the accesses directly. This is suitable in case of monolithic operating systems whose components that provide access to resources are part of the trusted computing base. However, due to the sheer complexity of such components, it is extremely nontrivial to prove such a model to be adequate to the real system. KasperskyOS is a microkernel operating system that organizes access to resources via components that are not necessarily part of the trusted computing base. KasperskyOS implements a specifically developed mandatory integrity control model that takes such components into account. This paper formalizes the model and describes the process of automated proof of the model’s properties. For formalization, we use the Event-B language. We clarify parts specific to Event-B to make our presentation accessible to professionals familiar with discrete mathematics but not necessarily with Event-B. We reflect on the proof experience obtained in the Rodin platform.
Propiedades psicométricas del Test de Dependencia al Teléfono Móvil (TDMB) en Argentina y sus relaciones con la impulsividad
Authors: Durao Marian , Etchezahar Edgardo , Ungaretti Joaquín , Calligaro Carolina
Published: February 2021

El uso de teléfonos celulares ha aumentado exponencialmente en la mayoría de los países del mundo. Desde una perspectiva psicológica, se han desarrollado diferentes técnicas para evaluar el nivel de dependencia hacia el uso del teléfono móvil, y el test TDMB es una de las más utilizadas. Objetivo. El objetivo principal del trabajo fue realizar la adaptación y validación al contexto argentino del cuestionario TDMB y sus relaciones con la impulsividad. Método. Participaron del estudio 339 adultos residentes en Argentina, con edades entre los 18 y 65 años (M = 37.66; DT = 12.87), siendo el 74.3% mujeres. La batería de evaluación incluyó el TDMD, la UPPS-P para evaluar impulsividad y variables ad-hoc relacionadas con el uso del teléfono celular. Resultados. Se obtuvieron propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para la versión argentina del TDMB. Asimismo,  se observaron relaciones entre todas las dimensiones del cuestionario y la impulsividad, como también diferencias según la edad y el sexo de los participantes. Se discuten los alcances y límites de la prueba, así como sus relaciones con la impulsividad y el uso cotidianodel teléfono móvil.
Time‐resolved in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy imaging of the corrosion dynamics of AA2024‐T3 using a new design of cell
Authors: Kreta Ahmed , Gaberšček Miran , Muševič Igor
Published: February 2021

An electrochemical cell was designed to enable in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The finite‐element method was implemented using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the electrical field within the cell and to find the current and potential distribution. A comparative three‐dimensional simulation study was made to compare two different designs and to elucidate the importance of the geometry on the electrical field distribution. The design was optimized to reduce the uncertainty in the measurement of the electrochemical impedance. Then, an in situ, simultaneous electrochemical and time‐resolved AFM experiments were conducted to study the surface evolution of the aluminum alloy AA2024‐T3 exposed to 0.5 M NaCl. The temporal change of the surface topography was recorded during the application of chrono‐amperometric pulses using a newly designed electrochemical cell. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was conducted on the sample to confirm the recorded topographical change. The newly developed cell made it possible to monitor the surface change and the growth of the oxyhydroxide layer on the AA2024‐T3 with the simultaneous application of electrochemical methods.
Caminhos metodológicos de aproximação entre Bíblia e literatura a partir de Gérard Genette em obras machadianas
Authors: Castro Weverton , Martins de Souza César
Published: February 2021

Os textos, considerados sagrados por diversos grupos religiosos, como a Bíblia, serviram de base para tramas e temas em diversas obras literárias. Assim, o presente artigo se lança na tarefa de dialogar sobre a metodologia para a compreensão das relações textuais a partir da teoria da transtextualidade de Gérad Genette na análise dos textos literários e bíblicos. Genette busca analisar a transcendência do texto, e a relação que inclui o que vá além da unidade textual. O artigo se deterá em apresentar e definir a teoria da transtextualidade com suas divisões e subdivisões, e em seguida, analisar estes conceitos nas obras literárias de Machado de Assis, as quais dialogaram significativamente com os textos bíblicos.