bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of salsolinol on dopaminergic system activity within the mediobasal hypothalamus of anestrous sheep: A model for studies on the salsolinol?dopamine relationship
Authors: Misztal Tomasz , Hasiec Malgorzata , Tomaszewska-Zaremba Dorota , Dobek Elzbieta , Fulop Ferenc , Romanowicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2023

Salsolinol with its derivatives has been considered as a potential neurotoxin for the dopaminergic system in the human and rat brain. Investigating a sheep model for studies on the action of salsolinol within the central nervous system we examined whether this compound is able to affect the hypothalamic neuroendocrine dopaminergic (NEDA) system during its high seasonal activity, when sheep entered to anestrus under the long day conditions. Therefore, salsolinol was infused into the third ventricle of the brain in combination with the in vivo push-pull perfusion of the mediobasal hypothalamus/median eminence (MBH/ME). The effects of this drug on either perfusate noradrenaline (NA) or plasma prolactin concentration were also studied. The infusion of salsolinol resulted in rapid and permanent diminution in dopamine (DA) release into the extracellular spaces of the MBH/ME up to an undetectable level and in the 57% decrease in DA metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid concentration, compared to the control. This effect of salsolinol was accompanied by the significant enhancement of the pituitary prolactin release into circulation. The concentration of other DA metabolite, homovanillic acid, as well as NA in the MBH/ME was not affected. Thus, our results in the anestrous sheep underline the role played by salsolinol as a neuromodulator for the hypothalamic NEDA system and as a signal transmitter for the pituitary prolactin release. We suggest that the hypothalamic NEDA system of anestrous sheep during its high secretory activity may be set as a model for studies on the salsolinol-dopamine relationship.
Enriched environment increases the total number of CNPase positive cells in the corpus callosum of middle-aged rats
Authors: Zhao Yuan-Yu , Shi Xiao-Yan , Qiu Xuan , Zhang4 Lei , Wei  , Shu  , Li Chen , Cheng Guo-Hua , Yang Zheng-Wei , Tang* Yong
Published: November 2023

It had been reported that enriched environment was beneficial for the brain cognition, neurons and synapses in cortex and hippocampus. With diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), several studies recently found the trained-induced larger corpus callosum. However, the effect of enriched environment on the oligodendrocytes in corpus callosum has not been explored with the unbiased stereological methods. In current study, the effect of enriched environment on the total number of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) positive cells in middle-aged rat corpus callosum was investigated by means of immunohistochemical techniques and the unbiased stereological methods. We found that, when compared to standard rats, the spatial learning capacity of enriched-environment rats was significantly increased. The total number of the CNPase positive cells in the corpus callosum of enriched-environment middle-aged rats was significantly increased when compared to standard rats. The present study provided, to the best of our knowledge, the first evidence of environmental enrichment-induced increases in the total number of CNPase positive cells in the corpus callosum of middle-aged rats.
The effect of haloperidol on maternal behavior in WAG/Rij rats and its consequences in the offspring
Authors: Dobryakova,* Yulia , Dubynin Vyacheslav , Luijtelaar Gilles
Published: November 2023

Haloperidol treatment during pre- and post-natal period affects maternal behavior and this may have long-term effects on the offspring. We examined whether early haloperidol administration to Wistar-Albino-Glaxo dams from Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) and in Wistar control rats would affect maternal care and as a consequence, seizure susceptibility and behavior in the WAG/Rij?s offspring at 3-4 months of age. Nursing dams of this well-validated genetic animal model of absence epilepsy and control dams were injected with haloperidol or saline at PPD 1 to 6. Maternal behavior was evaluated at PPD 7 to 9. Haloperidol-injected WAG/Rij dams showed more pup carryings compared with saline-injected mothers, this effect was not noticed in control Wistar dams. The offspring of haloperidol-treated WAG/Rij dams, tested during adulthood, showed heightened behavioral activity (time spent into the open arms, head dips) in the elevated plus-maze, as well as shorter spikewave discharges (SWD) as measured in their electroencephalographic activity compared with saline-treated rats. Overall, it can be concluded that deviancies in the DA system as induced by haloperidol facilitates pup carrying/retrieval behavior in WAG/Rij rats and reduces seizure activity of the offspring in adulthood. Therefore, inter-individual differences in seizure properties and behavior in genetically predisposed animals may be due to differences in maternal behavior of the dams.
Dissociating sequence learning performance in Parkinson?s disease: Visuomotor sequence acquisition and pattern judgment on a serial reaction time task
Authors: McDowall2 Jared
Published: November 2023

In this study, the sequence learning performance of 16 non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was compared with 18 age-matched healthy controls on a verbal version of the serial reaction time (SRT) task intended to encapsulate both visuomotor- and judgment-linked learning processes. Visuomotor sequence performance in PD patients was closely related to baseline response speed, with robust learning demonstrated by patients who responded with comparable speed to controls but severely impaired performance in patients who responded slowly. In contrast, both fast- and slow-responding PD patients were able to successfully categorise patterns according to their sequential status, a performance that was linked to declarative memory for the sequence. The findings highlight the important role of event timing in SRT performance and are in accord with the hypothesis that, despite the important role played by the basal ganglia in motor sequence learning, basal ganglionic dysfunction may not substantially impair sequence order learning so much as the translation of sequence knowledge into rapid motor performance for some PD patients. Intact pattern judgment on the SRT experiment suggests that the integrity of the neostriatum is not essential for learning judgment-linked categorical information about sequences of temporal stimulus movement.
Modeling the meaning of words: Neural correlates of abstract and concrete noun processing
Authors: Martensson Frida , Roll Mikael , Apt Pia , Horne Merle
Published: November 2023

We present a model relating analysis of abstract and concrete word meaning in terms of semantic features and contextual frames within a general framework of neurocognitive information processing. The approach taken here assumes concrete noun meanings to be intimately related to sensory feature constellations. These features are processed by posterior sensory regions of the brain, e.g. the occipital lobe, which handles visual information. The interpretation of abstract nouns, however, is likely to be more dependent on semantic frames and linguistic context. A greater involvement of more anteriorly located, perisylvian brain areas has previously been found for the processing of abstract words. In the present study, a word association test was carried out in order to compare semantic processing in healthy subjects (n=12) with subjects with aphasia due to perisylvian lesions (n=3) and occipital lesions (n=1). The word associations were coded into different categories depending on their semantic content. A double dissociation was found, where, compared to the controls, the perisylvian aphasic subjects had problems associating to abstract nouns and produced fewer semantic framebased associations, whereas the occipital aphasic subject showed disturbances in concrete noun processing and made fewer semantic feature based associations.
A role for the right prefrontal and bilateral parietal cortex in four-term transitive reasoning: An fMRI study with abstract linear syllogism tasks
Authors: Brzezicka Aneta , Sedek,7 Grzegorz , Marchewka,4 Artur , Gola Mateusz , Jednorog,5 Katarzyna , Krolicki Leszek , Wrobel Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Previous imaging studies have identified many brain regions activated during reasoning, but there are differences among the findings concerning specific regions engaged in reasoning and the contribution of language areas. Also, little is known about the relation between task complexity and neural activation during reasoning. The present fMRI study investigated brain activity during complex four-term transitive reasoning with abstract material (determinate or partially indeterminate) and compared the resulting images to those obtained during a memorization task. The memory condition required subjects to memorize unrelated elements whereas the reasoning conditions required them to integrate information from premises and to infer relations between elements. After contrasting the two kinds of reasoning conditions with the memory condition we found that right prefrontal and bilateral parietal regions are specifically activated during reasoning. We also demonstrated that different reasoning requirements - the possibility of constructing one (determined reasoning) versus several (undetermined reasoning) models of a situation during task solving - lead to different patterns of brain activity, with higher prefrontal (PFC) activity accompanying undetermined reasoning. We interpret the PFC activity as a reflection of simultaneous maintenance and manipulation of information in reasoning. These findings provide new evidence that specific forms of reasoning (abstract and undetermined) demand recruitment of right PFC and hemispheric coordination and lend new support to the mental model theory of relational reasoning.
Cloning and functional analysis of P2X1b, a new variant in rat optic nerve that regulates the P2X1 receptor in a use-dependent manner
Authors: Rangel-Yescas Gisela , Vazquez-Cuevas Francisco , Garay Edith , Arellano Rogelio
Published: November 2023

P2X receptors are trimeric, ATP-gated cation channels. In mammals seven P2X subtypes have been reported (P2X1-P2X7), as well as several variants generated by alternative splicing. Variants confer to the homomeric or heteromeric channels distinct functional and/or pharmacological properties. Molecular biology, biochemical, and functional analysis by electrophysiological methods were used to identify and study a new variant of the P2X1 receptor named P2X1b. This new variant, identified in rat optic nerve, was also expressed in other tissues. P2X1b receptors lack amino acids 182 to 208 of native P2X1, a region that includes residues that are highly conserved among distinct P2X receptors. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, P2X1b was not functional as a homomer; however, when co-expressed with P2X1, it downregulated the electrical response generated by ATP compared with that of oocytes expressing P2X1 alone, and it seemed to form heteromeric channels with a modestly enhanced ATP potency. A decrease in responses to ATP in oocytes co-expressing different ratios of P2X1b to P2X1 was completely eliminated by overnight pretreatment with apyrase. Thus, it is suggested that P2X1b regulates, through a use-dependent mechanism, the availability, in the plasma membrane, of receptor channels that can be operated by ATP.
Neuronal differentiation of human iPS-cells in a rat cortical primary culture
Authors: Braun Holger , Günther-Kern Anja , Reymann Klaus , Onteniente Brigitte
Published: November 2023

We tested the neuronal differentiation of human iPS-cells under in vitro conditions. For this purpose we pre-differentiated human (h) iPS-cells into neural stem cells and co-cultivated them with a cortical primary culture from embryonic rats. After 2 days of co-cultivation a certain number of hiPS-cells exhibited a clear neuronal morphology combined with expression of betaIII-tubulin and doublecortin. In addition, we found hiPS-cells without neuronal differentiation and cells already expressing betaIII-tubulin but not having yet distinctive axonal and dendritic processes. Human neuronal progenitors, starting neuronal differentiation, were contacted by both neuronal processes from rat neurons and oligodendrocytes, indicating a possible instructive influence by the primary culture on human cells. After 7 days of co-cultivation, however, we observed a complete degeneration of human iPS-derived cells and phagocytosis by microglial cells. Immunocytochemical stainings surprisingly revealed that microglial cells of the cortical primary culture express both CD8 and T-cell receptors.
Switching handedness: fMRI study of hand motor control in right-handers, left-handers and converted left-handers
Authors: Grabowska Anna , Gut Malgorzata , Binder Marek , Forsberg Lars , Rymarczyk Krystyna , Urbanik Andrzej
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the brain organization of motor control in left- and right-handers and to study whether early left-to-right handwriting switch changes the cortical representation of finger movements in the left and right hemispheres. Echo-planar MR imaging was performed in 52 subjects: consistent right-handers (RH), consistent left-handers (LH), and subjects who had been forced at an early age to switch their left-hand preferences toward the right side. The scanning was performed during simple (flexion/extension of the index finger) and complex (successive finger-thumb opposition) tasks. Subjects performed the tasks using both the preferred and non-preferred hand. In right-handers, there was a general predominance of left-hemisphere activation relative to right hemisphere activation. In lefthanders this pattern was reversed. The switched subjects showed no such volumetric asymmetry. Increasing levels of complexity of motor activity resulted in an increase in the volume of consistently activated areas and the involvement of the ipsilateral in addition to contralateral activations. In both right- and left-handers, movements of the preferred hand activated mainly the contralateral hemisphere, whereas movements of the non-preferred hand resulted in a more balanced pattern of activation in the two hemispheres, indicating greater involvement of the ipsilateral activations. Overall, this study shows that in both left- and right-handed subjects, the preferred hand is controlled mainly by the hemisphere contralateral to that hand, whereas the non-preferred hand is controlled by both hemispheres. The switched individuals share features of both lefthanders and right-handers regarding their motor control architectures.
A new approach to location of the dentate gyrus and perforant path in rats/mice by landmarks on the skull
Authors: Huang Yan , Yang Sheng , Hu Zeng , Liu Gang , Zhou Wen , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2023

The hippocampus has important roles in learning and memory. Many in vivo experiments require accurate location of a certain region of the hippocampus, long-term potentiation (LTP) recording being one of them. In vitro and in vivo studies can be used to measure LTP in the hippocampus. It is more difficult in vivo to locate the specific brain region than in vitro. Location of the dentate gyrus (DG) and perforant path (PP) is usually achieved using brain stereotaxic atlasses. Because the data in the atlasses were obtained from a particular rat/mouse strain (Rat: adult Wistar, 290 g; Mouse: adult C57BL/J6, 26–30 g), the data in atlases could not be easily applied in all the different other strains of these species. We describe a method that uses landmarks on the skull to locate these structures in both species, which has been successfully applied in BALB/c mice, KM mice, SAMP8, SAMR1 and Wistar rats; making it a reliable and useful means of locating the DG and PP.
Bone marrow stromal cell transplantation for ischemic stroke – its multi-functional feature
Authors: Satoshi
Published: November 2023

In this article, the author reviews recent advancements of basic research on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation for ischemic stroke. The BMSCs are easily isolated from the patients themselves and transplanted into them without any ethical and immunological problem. Animal experiments have shown that BMSC transplantation significantly enhance the recovery of motor and/or cognitive function in various types of neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke. The transplanted BMSCs aggressively migrate toward the damaged tissue and proliferate in the host brain. The BMSCs significantly improve the neuronal receptor function and local glucose metabolism in the peri-infarct area when transplanted into the infarct brain. Recent studies strongly suggest that the BMSCs contain heterogeneous subpopulations and contribute to functional recovery through multiple mechanisms, including neuroprotection, inflammatory modulation, cell fusion, and neural differentiation. The author describes the importance to establish BMSC transplantation as a therapeutic entity that is scientifically proven.
Object-based analysis of astroglial reaction and astrocyte subtype morphology after ischemic brain injury
Authors: Wagner Daniel-Christoph , Johanna  , Glocke Isabelle , Weise Gesa , Deten Alexander , Boltze Johannes , Kranz Alexander
Published: November 2023

The astrocytic response to ischemic brain injury is characterized by specific alterations of glial cell morphology and function. Various studies described both beneficial and detrimental aspects of activated astrocytes, suggesting the existence of different subtypes. We investigated this issue using a novel object-based approach to study characteristics of astrogliosis after stroke. Spontaneously hypertensive rats received permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. After 96 h, brain specimens were removed, fixed and stained for GFAP, glutamine synthetase (GS), S100Beta and Musashi1 (Msh1). Three regions of interest were defined (contralateral hemisphere, ipsilateral remote zone and infarct border zone), and confocal stacks were acquired (n=5 biological with each n=4 technical replicates). The stacks were background-corrected and colocalization between the selected markers and GFAP was determined using an automated thresholding algorithm. The fluorescence and colocalization channels were then converted into 3D-objects using both intensity and volume as filters to ultimately determine the final volumes of marker expression and colocalization, as well as the morphological changes of astrocyte process arborisation. We found that both S100Beta and Msh1 determined the same GFAP-positive astroglial cell population albeit the cellular compartments differed. GFAP stained most of the astrocyte processes and is hence suitable for the analysis of qualitative characteristics of astrogliosis. Due to its peri-nuclear localization, Msh1 is appropriate to estimate the total number of astrocytes even in regions with severe reactive astrogliosis. GS expression in GFAP-positive astrocytes was high in the remote zone and low at the infarct border, indicating the existence of astrocyte subclasses.
Different methods of immunosuppresion do not prolong the survival of human cord blood-derived neural stem cells transplanted into focal brain-injured immunocompetent rats
Authors: Jablonska Anna , Janowski Mirosław , Lukomska Barbara
Published: November 2023

Cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of severe disability worldwide, with an enormous financial burden for society. There is growing evidence that stem cell-based therapy may positively influence recovery from stroke. Cord blood is an attractive source of ontogenetically young, yet safe, stem cells. Conceptually, preclinical studies in which donor cells were of human origin have been the most valuable, and thus, it is likely that these cells will be used in clinical trials. Unfortunately, immunological barriers impede discordant xenotransplantations. We have previously observed acute rejection of cord blood derived neural stem cells (HUCB-NSC) after transplantation to the brains of intact animals. Since it was reported recently that a brain lesion may actually improve the chances of graft survival, in this study, we used infarcted animals as graft recipients. In ongoing studies, we tested three immunosuppressive regimes: group I received cyclosporine A (CsA: 10 mg per kg i.p.); group II received a triple-drug therapy (CsA: 10 mg per kg i.p., azathioprine: 5 mg per kg i.p., and methylprednisolone: 1.5 mg per kg i.m.); group III included rats that were formerly desensitized with HUCB, group IV had not undergone immunosuppression. Animals were sacrificed at five time-points: 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days post-transplantation to evaluate graft survival and the time-course of immunological response. We observed a gradual decrease in the number of transplanted cells, with complete disappearance by day 14, surprisingly, with no difference among the experimental groups. The involvement of the innate immune system in the process of graft rejection dominated over an adaptive immunoresponse, with the highest activity on day 3, and subsequent fading of immune cell infiltration. In this work, we have shown that none of our immunosuppressive strategies proved adequate to prevent rejection of human stem cell grafts after transplantation into immunocompetent animals.
Aromatase and estrogen receptor beta expression in the rat olfactory bulb: Neuroestrogen action in the first relay station of the olfactory pathway?
Authors: Hoyk Zsofia , Csakvari Eszter , Gyenes Andrea , Siklos Laszlo , Harada Nobuhiro , Parducz Arpad
Published: November 2023

The expression pattern of aromatase (ARO), the enzyme converting androgens to estrogens, was analyzed in the olfactory bulb of adult male rats and was compared with the distribution of estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta), the main estrogen receptor isoform expressed in this brain region. A strong ARO immunolabeling obtained with a specificity tested antibody was observed in juxtaglomerular neurons of the glomerular layer and a weaker immunoreaction was detected in the mitral cell layer of the main olfactory bulb, while the granule cell layer of the main olfactory bulb as well as all layers in the accessory olfactory bulb showed faint immunolabeling. Fluorescence double labeling experiments revealed that ARO detected in juxtaglomerular neurons of the main olfactory bulb colocalized with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), while no colocalization between ARO and the calcium binding proteins calretinin (CR) and calbindin (CB) was observed. Furthermore, the TH immunoreactive neurons expressed metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) too. ERβ immunoreactivity, in contrast to ARO, was detected in all layers of both the main and accessory olfactory bulb. In the glomerular layer of the main olfactory bulb it was expressed in TH and GAD67 containing juxtaglomerular neurons, and it colocalized with CR, CB and even with glial fibrillary acidic protein too. Our morphological findings suggest that ARO expression is a novel feature of dopaminergic/GABAergic juxtaglomerular neurons in the adult rat main olfactory bulb, and raise the possibility that ARO activity may change in function of olfactory input via mGluR1. In situ estrogen production in the olfactory bulb in turn may modulate interglomerular circuits through ERbeta.
Role of the blood-brain barrier in differential response to opioid peptides and morphine in mouse lines divergently bred for high and low swim stress-induced analgesia
Authors: Kosson Anna , Krizbai Istvan , Lesniak Anna , Beresewicz Malgorzata , Sacharczuk Mariusz , Kosson Piotr , Nagyoszi Peter , Wilhelm Imola , Kleczkowska Patrycja , Lipkowski Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Over 20 years ago, the Sadowski group separated two mouse lines, one with high (HA) and the other with low (LA) sensitivity to swim stress-induced analgesia (SSIA). Recently, we proposed that increased leakage of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the HA line created the difference in the response to SSIA. To search for further evidence for this hypothesis, differences in the levels of the BBB proteins occludin and claudin-5 were analysed. In addition, we sought to evaluate practical differences in BBB permeability by examining the antinociceptive levels in HA and LA mouse lines after IV administration of peptides that have limited access to the CNS. Western blot was used to analyse the differences between occludin and claudin-5. To evaluate the functional differences between the BBB of HA and LA mice, the antinociception levels of endomorphin I, biphalin and AA2016 (peptides with limited BBB permeabilities) in the tail flick test were examined. The expression levels of occludin and claudin-5 in the HA mouse line were lower than in the LA and control mice. Central antinociception of the opioid peptides were significantly higher in the HA line than in the LA and control lines. Our data support the hypothesis that BBB leakage is responsible for the differences between the HA and LA mouse lines. Although SSIA confirmed BBB differences between both lines, it is not limited to the opioid system and could be a useful model for studying the role of the BBB in molecular communications between the periphery and CNS.
Curcumin and sertraline prevent the reduction of the number of neurons and glial cells and the volume of rats’ medial prefrontal cortex induced by stress
Authors: Noorafshan Ali , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Asadi-Golshan Reza , Rashidian-Rashidabadi Ali , Saied
Published: November 2023

Chronic stress induces morphological changes in the neurons of several brain regions, including medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). This region is involved in variety of behavioral tasks, including learning and memory. Our previous work showed that stress impaired function. The present work extends the earlier work to study mPFC in stressed and non-stressed rats with or without sertraline or curcumin treatments using stereological methods. Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and curcumin is the main ingredient of turmeric with neuroprotective effects. In this study, 42 male rats were randomly assigned to seven groups: stress + distilled water, stress + olive oil, stress + curcumin (100 mg per kg per day), stress + sertraline (10 mg per kg per day), curcumin, sertraline, and control groups. After 56 days, the right mPFC was removed. The volume of mPFC and its subdivisions and the total number of neurons and glia were estimated. The results showed approx. 8 percent, approx. 8 percent, and 24 percent decrease in the volume of the mPFC and its prelimbic and infralimbic subdivisions, respectively. However, the anterior cingulated cortex remained unchanged. Also, the total number of the neurons and glial cells was significantly reduced (11 percent and 5 percent, respectively) in stress (+distilled water or olive oil) group in comparison to the non-stressed rats (P is less than 0.01). However, no significant reduction was observed in the volume of the mPFC and its subdivisions as well as the total number of the neurons and glial cells in stress + sertraline and stress + curcumin groups in comparison to the non-treated stressed rats (P is less than 0.01). The result indicated that treatment of rats with curcumin and sertraline could prevent the stress-induced changes in mPFC.
Interleukin 6 deficiency affects spontaneous activity of mice in age- and sex-dependent manner
Authors: Aniszewska Agata , Szymanski Jacek , Winnicka Maria , Turlejski Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

We analyzed the role of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in modulation of the pattern of mice spontaneous activity. Wild type (WT) and IL-6 deficient mice of both sexes, young and aging, were housed individually and various types of their activity were recorded and analyzed with the Phenorack system in their home cages during 72 hours-long sessions. All investigated groups of mice were active mainly during the dark phase of the 24-hours cycle. Generally, the IL-6 deficient animals were more active than their WT controls and females of both genotypes more active than males. Aging mice were less active than the sex and genotype-matched young animals. The independent variables (age, sex and genotype) strongly interacted, which suggests that the modulatory influence of IL-6 on mice behavior may be different in males and females and that it chan ges during aging. We conclude that under normal physiological conditions signaling of IL-6 via its receptor participates In modulation of the basic pattern of activity. This modulation differs in males and females and changes with aging.
Anxiolytic and antidepressive effects of electric stimulation of the paleocerebellar cortex in pentylenetetrazol kindled rats
Authors: Godlevsky Leonid , Muratova Tatyana , Kresyun Natalya , Luijtelaar Gilles , Coenen Anton
Published: November 2023

Anxiety and depression are component of interictal behavioral deteriorations that occur as a consequence of kindling, a procedure to induce chronic epilepsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of electrical stimulation (ES) of paleocerebellar cortex on anxiety and depressive-like behavior in a PTZ kindled epilepsy model. Kindling was induced via pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (25.0 mg/kg IP daily) during three weeks. Locomotion in open field, elevated plus-maze (EPM) and Porsolt forced swimming test have been used for the assessment of anxiety and depression-like behavior. ES (100 Hz) has been delivered to V–VII lobules of vermal cortex of kindled rats. ES of paleocerebellum reversed kindling-induced reduction of crossings of central squares, increased rearings, and decreased the number of defecations in open field. The duration that kindled animals spent in the open arms of the EPM increased in post- ES period, and the number of enterings into the closed arms of the EPM decreased. The duration of the immobility response in the swimming test in kindled rats was reduced after ESs of paleocerebellum. In all: ES of paleocerebellar structures suppressed anxious and depressive-like behavior in PTZ-kindled rats.
O instituto da indicação geográfica no direito brasileiro e a tolerância a palavra “tipo" no rotulo
Authors: Faria Luísa Campos , Aveni Alessandro
Published: November 2023

O trabalho busca tratar da tolerância, no direito brasileiro, a alimentos que não usam o selo de Indicações Geográficas, mas permanecem sendo comercializados desde que sob a alcunha da palavra “tipo” adicionada ao nome da Indicação Geográfica legítima. Para tanto, foi indicada a Portaria nº 146 de 7 de março de 1996, exarada pelo Ministério da Agricultura brasileiro, que regulamenta a produção de queijo no país bem como da Instrução Normativa nº 22 de 24 de novembro de 2005, que permite produtos de origem animal fabricados segundo tecnologias características de diferentes lugares geográficos. Para obter produtos de origem animal com propriedades sensoriais semelhantes ou parecidas com aquelas que são típicas de certas zonas reconhecidas, na denominação do produto de origem animal deve figurar a expressão "tipo", com letras de igual tamanho, realce e visibilidade que as correspondentes à denominação aprovada no regulamento vigente no país de consumo, em desconformidade com tratados internacionais. O trabalho avalia estas deformidades que devem ser resolvidas para conformidade com a legislação internacionais sobre defensa das Indicações Geográficas e a luz do recente acordo Mercosul, União Europeia.
Uma ação formativa com uso da literatura à professores de educação infantil sobre medidas de tempo
Authors: Cassimiro Silvia Regina da Silva , De Alencar Edvonete Souza
Published: November 2023

Este artigo é excerto de uma dissertação e tem por objetivo identificar o conhecimento revelado pelos docentes de Educação Infantil quanto ao uso da literatura para o ensino de medidas de tempo. Utilizamos como referencial teórico de análise o conhecimento especializado do professor, a partir do modelo teórico Mathematics Teachers’ Specialized Knowledge (MTSK). A metodologia utilizada para a coleta dos dados foi a Design Experiment, assim para o seu desenvolvimento realizamos uma formação continuada de maneira remota, com encontros síncronos e assíncronos divididos em seis sessões, durante o período de um mês. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa foram professores da rede pública de ensino, atuantes na Educação Infantil no interior de Mato Grosso do Sul. Para alcançar os objetivos desta proposta, elaborou-se uma história infantil e, consequentemente, uma sequência didática que permitiu   discutir possiblidades de atividades capazes de contribuir para o ensino de medida de tempo.  Aqui neste artigo, mostraremos parte dos dados coletados devido a pouca extensão que possuímos para a sua apresentação. De modo geral, os dados desta investigação revelaram que as produções e materiais desenvolvidos durante o processo formativo permitiram o aprofundamento do conhecimento especializado do professor por meio dos relatos docentes.  Identificou-se ainda que o uso da literatura infantil para o ensino de medidas de tempo é um possível recurso à ser explorado nas formações continuadas.
Caracterização da estrutura produtiva da cachaça artesanal no sudeste do estado do Tocantins: perspectivas de desenvolvimento
Authors: Bigeli Beatriz Cilene Mafra Neves , Da Silva José Luís Gomes , Oliveira Edson Aparecida de Araujo Querido , Carniello Monica Franchi , Kamimura Quesia Postigo , Conti Diego Melo , Rodrigues Waldecy
Published: November 2023

As cadeias produtivas no Brasil vêm ganhando destaques no que tange ao desenvolvimento econômico e social de uma região. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa teve como prioridade analisar a caracterização da estrutura produtiva da cachaça artesanal no sudeste do Estado do Tocantins como perspectiva de desenvolvimento. Para tanto, o estudo identificou as características da estrutura produtiva da cachaça artesanal no Sudeste Tocantinense, diagnosticou os agentes produtores e como se organizam em torno da produção da cachaça artesanal. A pesquisa adotou delineamentos bibliográficos por meio da análise documental e da pesquisa de campo, utilizando abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa de natureza descritiva. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante análise documental e questionário semiestruturado aplicado aos produtores da cachaça artesanal do sudeste do Estado do Tocantins, com intuito de realizar diagnóstico. Aplicaram-se, como procedimentos de análises dos dados, as matrizes PESTAL, SWOT e GUT, visando traçar estratégias de competitividade da produção da cachaça artesanal regional. A seguir, empregou-se o Processo do Raciocínio Árvore da Realidade, identificando a realidade presente, o diagrama de conflitos e a perspectiva de realidade futura, como propositura da estruturação da produção da cachaça artesanal como fator de desenvolvimento regional. Os resultados são evidenciados por meio de dados que identificam restrições existentes na produção, tais como: precária infraestrutura de produção, desarticulação entre os produtores, ausência de políticas públicas e de entidades catalizadoras para alavancar o setor. Conclui que uma estrutura organizada no sistema produtivo de cachaça artesanal atual poderá facilitar a comunicação entre os produtores rurais, o meio empresarial e o poder público, possibilitando renda autossuficiente, avanço de práticas tecnológicas no campo e produto com potencial para exportação, como alternativa para tornar a região sudeste do Tocantins um expoente estadual de produção de cachaça artesanal.
Evaluation of the state of the blood-retinal barrier during
the development of signs of age-related macular degeneration in OXYS rats
Authors: Telegina D.V. , Peunov D.A. , Kozlova T.A. , Kolosova N.G. , Kozhevnikova O.S.
Published: November 2023

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that is
becoming the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in people over 55 years of age. The
development of the wet form of AMD is associated with impaired permeability of the blood-
retinal barrier (BRB). It was believed that the BRB does not change in the dry form of the
disease, but recently it was shown that dysfunction of the BRB may also contribute to its
development; however, information about the state of the BRB at different stages of AMD,
especially preclinical ones, is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the possible
contribution of changes in BRB permeability to the development of signs of AMD in OXYS rats,
a model of the dry form of the disease. During the period when clinical signs of AMD in OXYS
rats are absent (age 20 days), during their manifestation (~5 months) and progression (at 12 and
18 months), the permeability of the BRB for Evans blue dye and the retinal contents of the tight
junction proteins occludin, claudin-5, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were assessed. Wistar rats
of the same age served as controls. In OXYS rats, a decrease in the permeability of the BRB was
detected, which may result in a violation of the trophic supply of the retina, as well as an increase
in the level of occludin during the progression of signs of AMD. ZO-1 level decreased with age,
but no interstrain differences were detected. Analysis of retinal transcriptomes (RNA-seq data)
showed that in rats of both strains changes in the expression of genes included (according to
KEGG) in the category of tight junctions are maximum in the period from 20 days to 3 months.
In OXYS rats, the mRNA levels of the Dlg1, Cd1d1, Map3k5 and Arhgef2 genes at the age of
3 months and the Crb3, F11r, Cgn, Cd1d1 and Rap2c genes the age of 18 months are different
compared to Wistar rats. Such changes in gene expression in the retina of OXYS rats as AMD
signs develop indicate the activation of compensatory mechanisms.
QUYỀN CỦA CHỦ THỂ VĂN HÓA VÀ CÂU CHUYỆN BẢO TỒN, PHÁT TRIỂN DI SẢN Ở LÀNG NGHỀ GỐM BÀU TRÚC, NINH THUẬN
Authors: Lê Thị Thùy Ly
Published: November 2023

Từ việc tìm hiểu thực trạng của nghề làm gốm ở làng Bàu Trúc (một ngôi làng nghề lâu đời thuộc thị trấn Phước Dân, huyện Phước Ninh, tỉnh Ninh Thuận hiện nay), lập luận rằng có sự tồn tại của những quan điểm khác nhau trong việc ứng xử với di sản văn hóa từ phía người dân và đây là điều cần quan tâm vì liên quan đến vấn đề quyền của chủ thể đối với các di sản văn hóa. Qua việc chỉ ra thực trạng nhiều mặt của nghề gốm ở làng Bàu Trúc - liên quan đến tình hình phát triển của gốm “truyền thống” và gốm “không truyền thống” - sau khi nghề gốm của làng được ghi danh, tác giả bài viết muốn làm rõ bức tranh đa chiều ở làng nghề nổi tiếng này trên cơ sở tập trung vào góc nhìn của những người trong cuộc và từ đó đưa ra những khuyến nghị.
Perubahan Makna Cidera Janji atau Wanprestasi pada Jaminan Fidusia Setelah Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019
Authors: Dwi Prilia Ega , Suphia Suphia , Supianto Supianto
Published: November 2023

A debtor who feels aggrieved then submits a judicial review of the validity of Article 15 paragraphs (2) and (3) of Law no. 42 of 1999 which are considered to have violated the debtor's constitutional rights so that the Constitutional Court Decision No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Requirements for the debtor to be declared in breach of contract in the fiduciary guarantee after the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019, namely the breach of contract as referred to in Article 15 paragraph (3) of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law is not determined unilaterally by the creditor but on the basis of an agreement between creditors and debtors or on the basis of a legal remedy that determines that a breach of contract has occurred. Legal considerations of the Constitutional Court in deciding case No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 is based on legal considerations that the norms contained in Article 15 paragraph (2) of the Fiduciary Guarantee Law do not reflect the existence of equal legal protection between parties bound in fiduciary agreements that are directly related to the norms of Article 15 paragraph (3) The Fiduciary Guarantee Law, namely the absence of legal certainty regarding when the debtor can be declared in breach of contract.
Sprzedaż rzeczy niebędących własnością dłużnikaa pobór podatku przez płatnika – czy komornik jestpłatnikiem? Uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda
Authors: Bartosiewicz Adam
Published: November 2023

Komornicy sądowi (i organy egzekucji administracyjnej) są płatnikami VAT1 od dokonywanej w ramach sprzedażyegzekucyjnej dostawy towarów, które są własnością dłużnika lub są przez niego posiadane z naruszeniem obowiązującychprzepisów. Zdarzają się sytuacje – w ramach egzekucji z nieruchomości – że komornik dokonujesprzedaży rzeczy niebędących własnością dłużnika. De lege lata komornik nie jest wówczas (nie powinien być)płatnikiem. De lege ferenda nie jest to sytuacja właściwa (celowa). Artykuł poświęcony jest tym właśnie zagadnieniom.
OS IMPACTOS DO EMPREENDEDORISMO NO EMPODERAMENTO FEMININO: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Carvalho Jeandra Erika Neves , Vanderlei Thais Stephane Araújo , Martins Gizelly de Carvalho
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: compreender os impactos do empreendedorismo no empoderamento feminino. Metodologia: os procedimentos metodológicos adotados consistem em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, para a inclusão nesta pesquisa foram: estudos publicados em revistas indexadas em inglês, espanhol e português, disponíveis na íntegra, gratuitos, que abordassem sobre o tema proposto, e que foram devidamente publicados no período de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: o estudo encontrado nas revistas foi contabilizado das seguintes formas: LILACS (n=16), SciELO (n=17), BVS (n= 66), PePSIC (n= 14), no entanto, após a aplicação do critério de inclusão foi usado 23 pesquisas. Discussão: o empreendedorismo permitiu independência financeira, melhora da estima, empoderamento feminino e flexibilidade no horário de trabalho. Considerações Finais: os achados oportunizaram compreender a realidade do incentivo ao empreendedorismo feminino no país. Conforme dados, destacou que a falta de incentivo é umas das principais barreiras, que carece de ações do poder público com a criação de programas e políticas públicas que promovam o empreendedorismo feminino, cita-se também que preconceito, sejam elas culturais ou sexistas são motivos que desincentivo o empreendedorismo entre as mulheres.
Big Data in Health Information Systems
Authors: Araujo Inastrilla Carlos Rafael
Published: November 2023

In the healthcare sector, Information Systems are fundamental for decision-making at all levels. This process can be strengthened with the implementation of Big Data analytics. In this context, the present study aims to describe the experiences, benefits, and applications of Big Data in Health Information Systems through a systematic literature review. The research reviewed 22 studies on the use of Big Data in the healthcare sector, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to select relevant studies. The results of these studies indicated that the use of Big Data in healthcare can improve the quality of teleassistance services for patients, as well as logistics and financial services. It can also prevent diseases and improve patient care in public health information systems. Additionally, it can provide new knowledge and actionable information from new data sources, and promote the natural transformation of descriptive research into predictive and prescriptive research. The studies also highlighted the importance of Artificial Intelligence for data to be useful for research and medical purposes. In general, the research concluded that Big Data has a favorable impact on the healthcare sector, especially in biomedical research, and that its use can improve the efficiency and quality of medical care
3D printing in the medical field
Authors: Horta-Martínez Lázaro Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Introduction: 3D printing has represented a technological advance in the field of health sciences. This additive manufacturing allows the creation of grafts, autotransplates and tissue regeneration.Objective: describe the contribution of 3D printing to the field of medicine.Methods: A review of the literature was carried out in the month of November 2023 through access to the databases Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, Scielo, and the search engine Google Scholar version 2022, with the strategies: ((print 3D) AND (medicine)), ((medicine) AND (technological advances)) and ((3D printing) AND (surgical sciences) AND (prosthetics) AND (orthoses) AND (surgical procedures)) and their translations into the English language , limited the search to the last 5 years –from 2019 to 2023–, in Spanish, English or Portuguese languages.Development: In a general sense, 3D printing refers to the sequential accumulation of materials on a platform through different production methods, including: polarization, injection injection, binder injection, material extrusion, powder bed, lamination metal and metal tank. This creation process that consists of printing 3D objects by superimposed layers in ascending order.Conclusions: 3D printing has allowed us to reduce the costs and manufacturing time of the structures used in medicine –implants, prostheses, grafts and surgical material– as well as a great advance in medical education from the creation of three-dimensional pieces that allow better preparation and maintenance of surgical skills
IJMĀʿ JURISPRUDENCE UNDERGOING A ‘CHEMICAL REACTION’ IN EGYPT?
Authors:   University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Hamzah Dawood Adesola
Published: November 2023

As sovereignty underscores governance in human society, Hakimiyyah serves as a platform to argue that Islam is both state and religion. Theoretically, ijmāʿ has been the most potent factor in defining the meaning of the other uṣūl and thus in formulating the doctrine and practice of the Muslim community. It is a part of traditional authority but, over the ages, its validity had been a subject of theoretical and empirical discussion, suggesting perhaps, a possible ‘chemical reaction’ of Islamic jurisprudence. Islamic law was “jurists’ and people’s law” in that its content was determined by the jurist-scholars, accepted and observed by the people. It was also State law in that it had a mechanism of being enforced by the state. The neglect of application of the law by the state with tacit approval of scholars with consensus of the people and stiff resistance against the dissenting voices are giving rise to emergence of radical groups. Egypt has a track record in the development of Islamic law. Its people also have played significant role in the struggle for its application. What followed the Arab Spring in Egypt has served as a re-enactment of the aged-long struggle against colonialism, and certainly, a serious challenge not only to the concept of ijmāʿ, but also to the modern concept of democracy. This paper intends to explore the relevance of the principles of ijmāʿ and democracy in the political and religious metamorphosis of Egypt by applying an interpretive methodology to examine various stakeholders’ roles and responsibilities within relevant theoretical framework.
Case Series: Infrared Energy Device for the Treatment of Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea
Authors: Pereira Forjaz Diogo
Published: November 2023

Rosacea is a common chronic dermatosis which occurs mainly in middle-aged patients. The etiology of the disease remains unknown but immune and vascular factors are seen to play a crucial role.  Diagnosis is established based on clinical manifestation. We present four case reports of rosacea therapy using a medical device emitting near-infrared light.