bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aptamers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wieleba Irena , Wojas-Krawczyk Kamila , Krawczyk Paweł
Published: July 2020

Aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides which are capable of specifically binding to single molecules and cellular structures. Aptamers are also known as “chemical antibodies”. Compared to monoclonal antibodies, they are characterized by higher reaction specificity, lower molecular weight, lower production costs, and lower variability in the production stage. Aptamer research has been extended during the past twenty years, but only Macugen® has been accepted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to date, and few aptamers have been examined in clinical trials. In vitro studies with aptamers have shown that they may take part in the regulation of cancer progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis processes. In this article, we focus on the potential use of aptamers in non-small cell lung cancer treatment.
Silica-Based Monolithic Columns as a Tool in HPLC—An Overview of Application in Analysis of Active Compounds in Biological Samples
Authors: Staniak Michał , Wójciak Magdalena , Sowa Ireneusz , Tyszczuk-Rotko Katarzyna , Strzemski Maciej , Dresler Sławomir , Myśliński Wojciech
Published: July 2020

Monolithic fillings used in chromatography are of great interest among scientists since the first reports of their synthesis and use were published. In the 20 years since silica-based monolithic columns were introduced into the commercial market, numerous papers describing their chromatographical properties and utility in various branches of industry and scientific investigations were presented. This review is focused on possible applications of commercially available silica-based HPLC monolithic columns in the analysis of biological samples.
Lignin-Based Spherical Structures and Their Use for Improvement of Cilazapril Stability in Solid State
Authors: Stanisz Małgorzata , Klapiszewski Łukasz , Mlynarczyk Dariusz T. , Stanisz Beata J. , Jesionowski Teofil
Published: July 2020

Biopolymer-based spherical particles exhibit unique properties including narrow sizes and many functional groups on their surfaces. Therefore, they show great potential for application in many scientific and industrial processes. The main aim of this study was to prepare lignin-based spherical particles with the use of a cationic surfactant, hexadecyl(trimethyl)ammonium bromide (CTAB). In the first step, different preparation procedures were tested with varying parameters, including biopolymer and surfactant ratios, lignin filtration, and experimental time. The morphological and dispersion characteristics of the materials were determined to select the best samples with the most promising properties, which could then be tested for their acute toxicity. It was observed that almost all materials were characterized by spherical shapes in micro- and nanosizes. The sample with the best physicochemical properties was used for further analysis and then tested for medical applications: the improvement of the stability of a drug molecule, cilazapril (CIL). The formulated material (CIL@LC-2a 1:1 wt./wt.) exhibited outstanding properties and significantly improved the stability of cilazapril as tested in conditions of increased temperature and humidity. Lignin spherical particles may be employed as a promising material for shielding other active compounds from decomposition.
Bioactive Polysaccharides from Seaweeds
Authors: Hentati Faiez , Tounsi Latifa , Djomdi Djomdi , Pierre Guillaume , Delattre Cédric , Ursu Alina Violeta , Fendri Imen , Abdelkafi Slim , Michaud Philippe
Published: July 2020

Bioactive compounds with diverse chemical structures play a significant role in disease prevention and maintenance of physiological functions. Due to the increase in industrial demand for new biosourced molecules, several types of biomasses are being exploited for the identification of bioactive metabolites and techno-functional biomolecules that are suitable for the subsequent uses in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical fields. Among the various biomasses available, macroalgae are gaining popularity because of their potential nutraceutical and health benefits. Such health effects are delivered by specific diterpenes, pigments (fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, and carotenoids), bioactive peptides and polysaccharides. Abundant and recent studies have identified valuable biological activities of native algae polysaccharides, but also of their derivatives, including oligosaccharides and (bio)chemically modified polysaccharides. However, only a few of them can be industrially developed and open up new markets of active molecules, extracts or ingredients. In this respect, the health and nutraceutical claims associated with marine algal bioactive polysaccharides are summarized and comprehensively discussed in this review.
Effects of Airborne Nanoparticles on the Nervous System: Amyloid Protein Aggregation, Neurodegeneration and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: von Mikecz Anna , Schikowski Tamara
Published: July 2020

How the environment contributes to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s is not well understood. In recent years, science has found augmenting evidence that nano-sized particles generated by transport (e.g., fuel combustion, tire wear and brake wear) may promote Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Individuals residing close to busy roads are at higher risk of developing AD, and nanomaterials that are specifically generated by traffic-related processes have been detected in human brains. Since AD represents a neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid protein aggregation, this review summarizes our current knowledge on the amyloid-generating propensity of traffic-related nanomaterials. Certain nanoparticles induce the amyloid aggregation of otherwise soluble proteins in in vitro laboratory settings, cultured neuronal cells and vertebrate or invertebrate animal models. We discuss the challenges for future studies, namely, strategies to connect the wet laboratory with the epidemiological data in order to elucidate the molecular bio-interactions of airborne nanomaterials and their effects on human health.
Development of Folic Acid-Conjugated and Methylene Blue-Adsorbed Au@TNA Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Bladder Cancer Cells
Authors: Hsu Che-Wei , Cheng Nai-Chi , Liao Mei-Yi , Cheng Ting-Yu , Chiu Yi-Chun
Published: July 2020

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment for malignancy. However, the low molecular solubility of photosensitizers (PSs) with a low accumulation at borderline malignant potential lesions results in the tardy and ineffective management of recurrent urothelial carcinoma. Herein, we used tannic acid (TNA), a green precursor, to reduce HAuCl4 in order to generate Au@TNA core-shell nanoparticles. The photosensitizer methylene blue (MB) was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of the Au@TNA nanoparticles, leading to the incorporation of a PS within the organic shell of the Au nanoparticle nanosupport, denoted as Au@TNA@MB nanoparticles (NPs). By modifying the surface of the Au@TNA@MB NPs with the ligand folate acid (FA) using NH2-PEG-NH2 as a linker, we demonstrated that the targeted delivery strategy achieved a high accumulation of PSs in cancer cells. The cell viability of T24 cells decreased to 87.1%, 57.1%, and 26.6% upon treatment with 10 ppm[Au] Au@TNA/MB NPs after 45 min, 2 h, and 4 h of incubation, respectively. We also applied the same targeted PDT treatment to normal urothelial SV-HUC-1 cells and observed minor phototoxicity, indicating that this safe photomedicine shows promise for applications aiming to achieve the local depletion of cancer sites without side effects.
Clinical and Immunological Features of Human Leishmania (L.) infantum-Infection, Novel Insights Honduras, Central America
Authors: Sosa-Ochoa Wilfredo , Zúniga Concepción , Chaves Luis Fernando , Araujo Flores Gabriela Venicia , Sandoval Pacheco Carmen Maria , Ribeiro da Matta Vania Lúcia , Pereira Corbett Carlos Eduardo , Tobias Silveira Fernando , Dalastra Laurenti Marcia
Published: July 2020

Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is the etiological agent of both American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) and non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) in Honduras. Although AVL is the most severe clinical form of infection, recent studies have shown that human immune response to parasite infection can result in a clinical-immunological spectrum. The overall prevalence rate of infection and clinical-immunological profiles of the L. (L.) infantum infection in Amapala municipality, South Honduras was determined. We examined 576 individuals with diagnosis based on combined ELISA (IgG/IgM) and DTH assays. We also used genus-specific kDNA PCR and Hsp70 PCR-RFLP for NUCL cases. Clinical evaluation found 82% asymptomatic and 18% symptomatic individuals. All symptomatic cases (n = 104) showing NUCL were positive for parasites. We identified L. (L.) infantum species in 100% of the skin lesion scrapings and in 90% of the blood samples from NUCL cases studied. A total of 320 asymptomatic individuals were exposed (ELISA+ and/or DTH+), providing an overall L. (L.) infantum prevalence of 73.6%. Clinical, parasitological, and immunological evaluations suggest seven infection profiles, three asymptomatic and four symptomatic. This represents the first report on clinical and immunological features of human L. (L.) infantum-infection in Amapala municipality, Honduras.
Exploring Mechanisms of Quantitative Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans (Blackleg) in the Cotyledons of Canola (Brassica napus) Based on Transcriptomic and Microscopic Analyses
Authors: Hubbard Michelle , Zhai Chun , Peng Gary
Published: July 2020

Using resistant cultivars is a common approach to managing blackleg of canola/rapeseed caused by Leptosphaeria maculans (Lm). Quantitative resistance (QR), as opposed to major-gene resistance, is of interest because it is generally more durable, due to its multi-genetic basis. However, the mechanisms and genes underlying QR are mostly unknown. In this study, potential QR modes of action in “74-44 BL” was explored. This Canadian canola cultivar showed moderate but consistent race-nonspecific resistance at the cotyledon and adult-plant stages. A susceptible cultivar, “Westar”, was used as a control. After inoculation, the lesions developed more slowly on the cotyledons of 74-44 BL than those of Westar. We used RNA sequencing (-RNA-seq) to identify genes and their functions, putatively related to this resistance, and found that genes involved in programmed cell death (PCD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), signal transduction or intracellular endomembrane transport were most differentially expressed. ROS production was assessed in relation to Lm hyphal growth and lesion size; it occurred beyond the tissue colonized by Lm in 74-44 BL and appeared to trigger rapid cell death, limiting cotyledon colonization by Lm. In contrast, Lm grew more rapidly in Westar, often catching up with the ring of ROS and surpassing lesion boundaries. It appears that QR in 74-44 BL cotyledons is associated with limited colonization by Lm possibly mediated via ROS. The RNA-seq data also showed a link between ROS, signal transduction, and endomembrane vesicle trafficking, as well as PCD in the resistance. These results provide a starting point for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind QR against Lm in canola.
Oxidative Stress Responses of Some Endemic Plants to High Altitudes by Intensifying Antioxidants and Secondary Metabolites Content
Authors: Hashim Ahmed M. , Alharbi Basmah M. , Abdulmajeed Awatif M. , Elkelish Amr , Hozzein Wael N. , Hassan Heba M.
Published: July 2020

Most endemic plant species have limited altitudinal ranges. At higher altitudes, they are subjected to various environmental stresses. However, these plants use unique defense mechanisms at high altitudes as a convenient survival strategy. The changes in antioxidant defense system and accumulation of different secondary metabolites (SMs) were investigated as depending on altitude in five endemic endangered species (Nepeta septemcrenata, Origanum syriacum subsp. Sinaicum, Phlomis aurea, Rosa arabica, and Silene schimperiana) naturally growing in Saint Katherine protectorate (SKP). Leaves were collected from different sites between 1600 and 2200 m above sea level to assess the biochemical and physiological variations in response to high altitudes. At higher altitudes, the soil pH and micronutrient soil content decreased, which can be attributed to lower mineralization processes at lower pH. Total phenols, ascorbic acid, proline, flavonoids, and tannins increased in response to different altitudes. SMs progressively increased in the studied species, associated with a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzyme activity. R. arabica, as the most threatened plant, showed the maximum response compared with other species. There was an increase in photosynthetic pigments, which was attained via the increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents. There was a significant increase in total soluble sugars and total soluble protein content in response to different altitudes. SDS-PAGE of leaf proteins showed alteration in the protein profile between different species and the same species grown at a different altitude. These five species can adapt to high-altitude habitats by various physiological mechanisms, which can provide a theoretical basis for the future conservation of these endangered endemic species in SKP.
Evaluation of the Farming Potential of Echinacea Angustifolia DC. Accessions Grown in Italy by Root-Marker Compound Content and Morphological Trait Analyses
Authors: Aiello Nicola , Marengo Arianna , Scartezzini Fabrizio , Fusani Pietro , Sgorbini Barbara , Rubiolo Patrizia , Cagliero Cecilia
Published: July 2020

The Echinacea genus includes a number of species that are commercially employed for the preparation of herbal products. Echinacea angustifolia DC. is one of these and is widely used, mainly for its immunomodulating properties, as it contains a wide range of compounds that belong to different chemical classes. In particular, echinacoside, cynarin and lipophylic alkylamides are the main specialized metabolites of the roots and can be considered to be marker compounds. In this work, 65 E. angustifolia accessions have been compared in a field trial in Italy, with the aim of investigating the variability/stability of the weight and chemical composition of their roots in order to identify the accessions that are most promising for future genetic-improvement programs. The morphological characteristics of the aerial parts have also been investigated. Seventeen samples were discarded due to germination or plantlet-development issues. Seven of the remaining accessions were identified as being different Echinacea species after a combined phytochemical and morphological evaluation. The morphological traits of the epigeal part, the root weight and the chemical composition data of the 41 confirmed E. angustifolia accessions were submitted to multivariate statistical analysis and a moderately homogenous sample distribution, with low selected-marker variability, was observed. Good echinacoside content was detected in almost all roots (>0.5%). However, two groups of accessions stood out because of their interesting features: One group possessed small roots, but had a high concentration of marker compounds, while another had highly developed roots and a good amount of marker compounds. These accessions can therefore be exploited for future selection work.
Experimental Studies on a New Controller Design and Implementation in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Govindarasu Ramasamy , Somasundaram Solaiappan
Published: July 2020

A dynamic model of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell is developed in the MATLAB platform. A newly proposed Coefficient Diagram based Proportional Integral Controller (CD-PIC) is designed and its parameters are calculated. The newly designed CD-PIC is implemented in a real time Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) experimental setup. Performances in real time operation of the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) are evaluated. The performance of CD-PIC is obtained under tracking of set point changes. In order to evaluate the CD-PIC performances, most popular tuning rules based Conventional PI Controllers (C-PIC) are also designed and analyzed. Set point tracking is carried out for the step changes of ±10% and ±15% at two different operational points. The controller performances are analyzed in terms of Controller Performance Measuring (CPM) indices. The said performance measures indicate that the proposed CD-PIC gives the superior performances for set point changes and found very much robust in controlling DMFC.
A Door-to-Door Waste Collection System Case Study: A Survey on its Sustainability and Effectiveness
Authors: Laurieri Nicola , Lucchese Andrea , Marino Antonella , Digiesi Salvatore
Published: July 2020

Municipal waste management is a relevant topic these days, in its relation to sustainable and environmental concerns. Sorting waste fractions at home for a door-to-door collection system proves to positively affect the environmental impacts of waste management strategies both by reducing the amounts of the waste landfilled and by originating new circular economies. However, the environmental impact caused by both waste collection and transport, together with waste quality, should be carefully evaluated to assess the sustainability of such a collection system. In order to evaluate the logistic and environmental effectiveness of a newly implemented door-to-door collection system in Altamura, a mid-sized town in Southern Italy, a survey was designed and submitted to a sample of citizens. The results obtained from the 385 completed surveys show that the door-to-door collection of glass waste is inefficient since most of the designated bins remain partially filled and less frequently delivered; citizens are more motivated to adequately collect sorted waste fractions upon receiving information about the subsequent environmental benefits and outcomes of the fractions collected; a high percentage of people still use disposable items in their daily life. Possible changes to the weekly bins collection schedule have been proposed in order to have a more proficient and environmentally sustainable waste collection service in the town. The survey is part of a project aiming at developing a smart device to support users in home waste management.
Evaluation of Traffic Assignment Models through Simulation
Authors: Rojo Marta
Published: July 2020

Assignment methodologies attempt to determine the traffic flow over each network arc based on its characteristics and the total flow over the entire area. There are several methodologies—some fast and others that are more complex and require more time to complete the calculation. In this study, we evaluated different assignment methodologies using a computer simulation and tested the results in a specific case study. The results showed that the “all-or-nothing” methods and the incremental assignment methods generally yield results with an unacceptable level of error unless the traffic is divided into four or more equal parts. The method of successive averages (MSA) was valid starting from a relatively low number of iterations, while the user equilibrium methodologies (approximated using the Frank and Wolfe algorithm) were valid starting from an even lower number of iterations. These results may be useful to researchers in the field of computer simulation and planners who apply these methodologies in similar cases.
Credit Constraints and Beginning Farmers’ Production in the U.S.: Evidence from Propensity Score Matching with Principal Component Clustering
Authors: Griffin Bretford , Hartarska Valentina , Nadolnyak Denis
Published: July 2020

Beginning Farmers and Ranchers (BFRs) in the U.S. represent a diverse and important subset of family farms. Understanding their financial needs is of paramount importance for supporting the future of American farmers. The focus of this work is on evaluating to what extent credit constraints affect the BFRs’ production. We use propensity score matching to show that credit constraints are associated with significantly lower production levels. To address the highly heterogeneous nature of BFRs, we complement the matching procedure with Principal Components Analysis and clustering to extract more information from the available Agricultural Resource Management Survey data. The results show losses in the total and per acre production values attributed to being credit-constrained, ranging between 14–77% and 24–72%, depending on the matching method, which has important policy implications.
Factors Driving Consumer Involvement in Energy Consumption and Energy-Efficient Purchasing Behavior: Evidence from Korean Residential Buildings
Authors: Yoo Soyoung , Eom Jiyong , Han Ingoo
Published: July 2020

The recent rapid transition in energy markets and technological advances in demand-side interventions has renewed attention on consumer behavior. A rich literature on potential factors affecting residential energy use or green technology adoption has highlighted the need to better understand the fundamental causes of consumer heterogeneity in buildings’ energy-related behavior. Unresolved questions such as which consumers are most likely to opt into demand-side management programs and what factors might explain the wide variation in behavioral responses to such programs make it difficult for policy-makers to develop cost-effective energy efficiency or demand response programs for residential buildings. This study extends the literature on involvement theory and energy-related behavior by proposing a holistic construct of household energy involvement (HEI) to represent consumers’ personal level of interest in energy services. Based on a survey of 5487 Korean households, it finds that HEI has a stronger association with consumer values, such as preferences for indoor thermal comfort and automation, than with socioeconomic or housing characteristics and demonstrates HEI’s potential as a reliable, integrated predictor of both energy consumption and energy-efficient purchases. The study illuminates the multifaceted influences that shape energy-related behavior in residential buildings and offers new tools to help utility regulators identify and profile viable market segments, improve the cost-effectiveness of their programs, and eventually promote urban sustainability.
CERAMIC BUILDING MATERIALS USING NON-TRADITIONAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Men'shikova V. , Demina L.
Published: July 2020

the paper raises questions about the search for the possibility of obtaining a construction ceramic material using a special type of raw material component. Diopside concentrate was chosen as the basis for the ceram-ic masses due to its positive parameters necessary to improve the strength properties of the material and to support local deposits of raw materials in the East Siberian region. To reduce the optimal firing temperature, an aqueous-alkaline solution of sodium silicate was used in small quantities. The chemical composition of the diopside rock showed mainly the presence of silicon oxides. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the presence of diopside, quartz and calcite. Sodium-silicate glass is characterized by a full content of silica and a modulus of 3. Using the state diagram of three-component systems, the temperature limits necessary for sintering ceramic masses are established. The fusibility curves show that at a temperature of 1040oC, the values of the primary melt for various compositions are 4-14%, and the total melt content is observed at 1475oC. The parameters of physical and mechanical properties of the ceramic material were determined, where at the firing temperature of 1000-1100oC the value of fire shrinkage was no more than 1%, water ab-sorption up to 10%, and compressive strength up to 31 MPa. Moreover, with an increase in the amount of diopside to 90% by weight, the strength increases, and shrinkage decreases. X-ray phase analysis of the compositions determined mainly analytical lines of diopside, which begin to decrease by 1000oC, which de-termines the relationship with the liquid glass. The DTA and TG curves of the thermogram showed endo-thermic and exothermic effects due to the release of adsorbed water and crystallization of glass. The possi-bility of obtaining high-strength low-shrink ceramics using diopside raw materials as the basis of ceramic masses when adding sodium-silicate glass in the form of a melt is established.
Gestos de interpretação em favor de uma leitura múltipla
Authors: Franco Wagner Ernesto Jonas
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender os gestos de leitura e interpretação deque o sujeito-aluno lança mão diante do texto e a forma como se constitui autor a partir deles. Para isso, analisar-se-á a descrição escrita de uma tirinha em quadrinhos lida pelos alunos em uma oficina de escrita na escola em que estudam em Pouso Alegre-MG. A base teórico-metodológica é a Análise de Discurso de linha francesa. Com esse estudo concluiu-se que é constitutivo do sujeito o caráter heterogêneo da língua: os alunos possuem diferentes relações com a língua(gem), e o trabalho com textos autênticos, relevantes e valorizados socialmente pode contribuir para melhorar a leitura escolar e o posicionamento como autor do que escreve.
PRODUCCIÓN Y CALIDAD DEL FORRAJE DE VARIEDADES DE AVENA EN FUNCIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE SIEMBRA Y DE LA ETAPA DE MADUREZ AL CORTE
Authors: Ramírez-Ordóñes Sergio , Domínguez-Díaz David , Salmerón-Zamora José J. , Villalobos-Villalobos Guillermo , Ortega-Gutiérrez Juan A.
Published: July 2020

El forraje de avena (Avena sativa L.) se usa extensamente en los sistemas de alimentación pecuaria en el noroeste del Estado de Chihuahua, México. Se evaluó el efecto de la variedad, sistema de siembra y estado de madurez al corte sobre el rendimiento y composición química del forraje de avena, en siete variedades sembradas en surco con contras y en plano sin surco, en condiciones de temporal (secano) en cinco localidades del noroeste de esa entidad. La cosecha se efectuó en tres etapas fenológicas: embuche (EMB), grano masoso (MAS) y madurez fisiológica del grano (MF). Se midió el rendimiento de materia seca (MS) en kg ha-1, la composición química del heno (%), y se estimó la materia seca digestible (MSD, %) y la energía neta de lactancia (ENL, Mcal kg-1). Los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un arreglo experimental de parcelas sub-sub-divididas en un diseño de bloques completos al azar, en el que localidad fue la repetición, la parcela grande fue el sistema de siembra, la mediana el estado de madurez al corte, y la parcela chica la variedad. El sistema de siembra no afectó al rendimiento (P = 0.20) ni a la composición química (P > 0.05) del heno. A medida que la etapa de corte fue más cercana a MF el rendimiento de MS (P < 0.01) se incrementó linealmente (2247, 3120 y 4475 kg ha-1 para EMB, MAS y MF, respectivamente), y la proteína cruda disminuyó en forma cuadrática (P < 0.01). En proteína cruda hubo efecto de la interacción de variedad x madurez al corte (P < 0.01). A medida que la cosecha fue más cercana a MF las fracciones de fibra disminuyeron (P < 0.05), e inversamente MSD y ENL aumentaron linealmente (P < 0.05). La composición química del heno de avena mejoró al acercarse a la madurez fisiológica del grano debido a la disminución en su contenido de fibra, sin presentar diferencias importantes entre variedades.
VARIACIÓN ALOENZIMÁTICA Y TAMAÑO DE POBLACIONES DE HAYA MEXICANA (Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana) EN LA SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL
Authors: Montiel-Oscura Diego , Ramírez-Herrera Carlos , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , López-Upton Javier , López Pedro A.
Published: July 2020

Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. subsp. mexicana (Martínez) E. Murray crece en poblaciones aisladas en la Sierra Madre Oriental en México. Siete poblaciones de esta especie fueron muestreadas para determinar la variación aloenzimática en yemas vegetativas. Se analizaron 10 loci en ocho sistemas enzimáticos, donde se observaron 26 alelos. El porcentaje de loci polimórficos fue 62.9 % en promedio de poblaciones. El número promedio de alelos por locus fue 1.9. La heterocigosidad esperada y observada promedio fue de 0.202 y 0.253, respectivamente. El FST de Wright (0.057) indicó una diferenciación genética moderada. El flujo génico (Nem) fue de 5.26 individuos por generación. Las distancias génicas de Nei variaron de 0.001 a 0.027, con un promedio de 0.012. La densidad en las poblaciones varió de 251 a 416 árboles ha-1 en Agua Fría y en la cima del volcán Acatlán, respectivamente. En las siete poblaciones de F. grandifolia subsp. mexicana se estimó un número total de 45 533 árboles adultos. En La Mojonera se encontró el mayor número de árboles (14 903), mientras en la cima del volcán Acatlán hubo el menor (250). No se encontró correlación entre los parámetros de diversidad genética con el tamaño y densidad de las poblaciones. La diversidad aloenzimática encontrada en las poblaciones muestreadas de F. grandifolia subsp. mexicana fue moderada.
PARTICIÓN DE BIOMASA AÉREA EN PROCEDENCIAS DE Pinus greggii PLANTADAS EN EL SUR DE MÉXICO
Authors: Villegas-Jiménez Daniel E. , Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo , Velasco-Velasco Vicente A. , Ruiz-Luna Judith , Carrillo-Rodríguez José C. , Ramírez-Sánchez Susana E.
Published: July 2020

La asignación de biomasa en los órganos del árbol puede ser influenciada por factores climáticos y edafológicos, competencia lumínica, y por diferencias genéticas de los árboles. El objetivo fue estimar los componentes de biomasa aérea en 13 procedencias mexicanas de Pinus greggii Engelm. plantadas en 1997 en el sur de México. Se utilizaron datos de biomasa obtenidos en 2011 de 106 muestras aleatorias de ramas, 60 árboles medidos en pie y datos generales de la plantación establecida bajo un diseño experimental de bloques al azar. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.05) entre procedencias en acumulación de biomasa en acículas y madera con corteza. La mayor biomasa foliar fue para las procedencias del centro del país, El Piñón y Molango (5.1 t ha-1), mientras que la procedencia norteña, Los Lirios, acumuló la mayor cantidad de biomasa en madera con corteza (19.4 t ha-1). No hubo diferencias en biomasa de ramas cuyo promedio fue de 9.5 t ha-1, ni en la biomasa aérea total acumulada que fue de 25.6 t ha-1, en árboles de 14 años de edad para todas las procedencias. La biomasa se distribuyó 52.0, 33.6 y 14.4 % para madera con corteza, ramas y follaje, respectivamente.
CRECIMIENTO Y CALIDAD DEL TALLO FLORAL DE FREESIA X HYBRIDA EN HIDROPONÍA
Authors: Miranda-Villagómez Érika , Carrillo-Salazar J. Alfredo , Rodríguez-Mendoza María-de-las-Nieves , Colinas-León M. Teresa , Livera-Muñoz Manuel , Gaytán-Acuña E. Araceli
Published: July 2020

Freesia (Freesia x hybrida) tiene alto potencial como flor de corte pero es poco comercializada en México; tolera bajas temperaturas, produce amplia diversidad de colores y tiene un aroma agradable. En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto de la concentración de la solución nutritiva de Steiner en el crecimiento y calidad del tallo floral de Freesia x hybrida cv. ‘Patio’ generada a partir de cormos de 2.5 cm de diámetro, crecida bajo hidroponía y sombreada con malla roja a 85 %, durante el invierno en el Valle de México. Los tratamientos fueron la combinación factorial de cuatro concentraciones de solución nutritiva (SN) Steiner (25, 50, 75 y 100 %) y dos fechas de siembra (FS) (22 de septiembre y 18 de octubre de 2010), en un diseño completamente al azar. Al inicio de la floración, con la solución Steiner a 100 % se obtuvieron plantas con menores valores de altura de planta (49 cm), longitud del tallo floral (37 cm), área foliar por planta (170 cm2), lecturas SPAD (62), longitud de la espiga (8.5 cm), número de flores por espiga (8), grosor del tallo (3.6 mm), biomasa seca de tallo, hoja y total, mientras que con la concentración de 25 % se obtuvieron los mayores valores de altura de planta (59.4 cm), lecturas SPAD (71.7), longitud del tallo floral (61 cm), longitud de la espiga (11 cm), número de flores por espiga (12), grosor del tallo (5.0 mm) y de vida de florero (12 d). En el número de hojas por planta y en la biomasa seca de raíz no hubo diferencias entre tratamientos. La eficiencia cuántica máxima del fotosistema II (Fm/Fv) fue igual entre tratamientos (P > 0.05) en ambas fechas de medición, con un promedio de 0.81.
Lupinus elegans KUNTH ASSISTED MIGRATION IN COMMON GARDEN FIELD TESTS
Authors: Soto-Correa José C. , Lindig-Cisneros Roberto , Sáenz-Romero Cuauhtémoc
Published: July 2020

Lupinus elegans is a species used in ecological restoration and agroforestry programs, because it is tolerant to stress and fixes nitrogen. Genetic variation in quantitative traits was studied in six populations of L. elegans collected along an altitudinal gradient (2312 to 2885 m) in the Mil Cumbres region, east-central Michoacán state, México. Provenance tests were planted at 2600 and 2800 m altitude in two common garden field trials. Tests aimed to evaluate the performance at a different altitude than the site of the seed source, simulating an altitudinal-assisted migration. Survival, plant height growth and aerial biomass were measured. For each provenance and experimental sites, climatic variables were estimated for contemporary climate (average 1961-1990) and future climate (decade centered in 2030, by averaging six model scenarios). It was estimated that by the year 2030 there will be, on average, an increment of 1.4 °C in mean annual temperature, an increase of 518 degree-days > 5 °C (DD5), a 90 mm decrease in mean annual precipitation (MAP) (-7.3 % of contemporary MAP), and a 0.0077 increase in an aridity index (DD50.5/MAP). An ANOVA for each site revealed that in the higher altitude site (2800 m) populations exhibited a pronounced pattern of genetic differentiation (P = 0.0001), in which plant height and biomass are associated with the transfer distance between their place of origin and the experimental site. This distance can be expressed in difference in altitude, mean annual temperature, or aridity index. At the site at higher altitude, plants originated from populations growing at higher altitudes were taller and had more biomass than those originated grown at lower altitudes (R2 ≥ 0.85, P ≤ 0.0302). In contrast, in the lower altitude site (2600 m), although there were nearly significant differences (P ≤ 0.0615) between populations for all of the variables, there was no clinal pattern. In general, the populations grew less when they were moved away from their original climate: those from the higher altitudes grew less in the 2600 m site, and those from the lower altitudes grew less in the 2800 m site. This indicates that climate change will likely induce less growth in several populations, thus it is recommended to promote gradual assisted migration.
DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA DE CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL ÁREA FOLIAR EN MAÍCES NATIVOS DE TAMAULIPAS BAJO ALTAS TEMPERATURAS
Authors: Castro-Nava Sergio , Reyes-Méndez César A. , Huerta Alfredo J.
Published: July 2020

El estado de Tamaulipas en México tiene una amplia variedad de maíces (Zea mays L.) nativos poco estudiados, con alto potencial de uso en el mejoramiento genético. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la variabilidad genética de características relacionadas con el área foliar y su eficiencia para la producción de grano, en germoplasma nativo de Tamaulipas crecido en condiciones de alta temperatura. Se evaluaron 24 maíces nativos, dos materiales comerciales (‘H-437’ y ‘VS-536’) y dos generaciones avanzadas de híbridos, en dos localidades contrastantes de Tamaulipas (Río Bravo en el norte y Güémez en el centro). En Río Bravo se tuvieron condiciones óptimas de temperatura y humedad del suelo, mientras que en Güémez se aseguraron altas temperaturas con una fecha de siembra tardía. Se registraron nueve variables agronómicas, de área foliar y eficiencia en la producción de grano. Los análisis de varianza evidenciaron amplia diversidad genética entre los maíces nativos para todas las variables estudiadas. De los 24 maíces nativos, 79 % fueron superiores a los genotipos comerciales en rendimiento de grano, área de la hoja de la mazorca, área foliar total y eficiencia para la producción de grano. Estos maíces nativos pueden ser potenciales donadores de genes para mejorar la tolerancia a alta temperatura. El genotipo de mayor rendimiento de grano bajo condiciones de alta temperatura (≥ 35 °C) fue ‘C-3004’ (71.4 g/planta). La eficiencia para la producción de grano mostró asociación negativa y significativa con las variables índice de área foliar (-0.59**), área foliar total (-0.59**), área de la hoja de la mazorca (-0.43*) y número de hojas totales (-0.51**). Esto muestra la necesidad de hacer selección para mayor eficiencia fisiológica mediante la búsqueda del índice de área foliar óptimo para condiciones de alta temperatura.
CARACTERIZACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA Y AGRONÓMICA DE SIETE RAZAS DE MAÍZ DE LOS VALLES ALTOS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Rocandio-Rodríguez Mario , Santacruz-Varela Amalio , Córdova-Téllez Leobigildo , López-Sánchez Higinio , Castillo-González Fernando , Lobato-Ortiz Ricardo , García-Zavala J. Jesús , Ortega-Pazkca Rafael
Published: July 2020

Dentro de la diversidad del maíz (Zea mays L.) en México, uno de los grupos genéticos de mayor interés es el del Complejo Piramidal Mexicano que se cultiva en los Valles Altos Centrales. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron valorar la diversidad morfológica y agronómica en una muestra amplia de poblaciones de las siete razas de maíz más cultivadas en los Valles Altos Centrales de México (Arrocillo Amarillo, Chalqueño, Cónico, Elotes Cónicos, Cacahuacintle, Palomero Toluqueño y Purépecha), y registrar información sobre las características que describen la variación predominante en las razas en estudio. Durante el ciclo agrícola primavera-verano de 2010 se establecieron experimentos con 119 accesiones representativas de estas siete razas de maíz, en Ciudad Serdán y San Mateo Capultitlán, Puebla, y Montecillo, Edo. de México, mediante un diseño experimental látice simple 11 × 11. Con las 32 variables cuantitativas medidas se realizó un análisis de varianza y se seleccionaron 13 de ellas, con base en su coeficiente de repetibilidad y coeficientes de correlación, para ejecutar análisis multivariados. El análisis de varianza indicó la existencia de diferencias significativas entre genotipos para todas las variables. La dispersión de accesiones mostró un continuo que se distribuye a lo largo y ancho del plano cartesiano formado por los dos primeros componentes principales, donde influyen en mayor grado las variables de grano relacionadas con tamaño de mazorca y grano (longitud de mazorca, anchura de grano, espesor de grano y la relación anchura de grano/longitud de grano), así como días a floración femenina y número de hojas arriba de la mazorca. Las características menos afectadas por el ambiente fueron las más apropiadas para la agrupación de las accesiones. Los resultados confirmaron los agrupamientos de las accesiones en las razas previamente descritas, así como las interrelaciones entre las mismas de acuerdo con reportes de estudios previos; pero los presentes son más precisos en la definición de los grupos y de las interrelaciones de las razas que en otros estudios, en virtud de los amplios tamaños de muestra utilizados.
Lazer e Formação Profissional
Authors: Gomes Rodrigo de Oliveira , Isayama Helder Ferreira
Published: July 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o trabalho desenvolvido nas disciplinas relacionadas ao Lazer dos cursos de licenciatura e bacharelado em Educação Física de Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas e privadas de Belo Horizonte/MG. Foram combinadas as pesquisas: bibliográfica e de campo em uma abordagem qualitativa de investigação. O instrumento para a coleta de dados foi a entrevista semi-estruturada realizada com os docentes das disciplinas sobre lazer. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Pude constatar que o limite expresso na concepção sobre o lazer dentro da diferenciação entre as modalidades: licenciatura e bacharelado na Educação Física, é anunciada apenas na questão dos campos de atuação profissional. Desta forma, o entendimento sobre lazer: seus conteúdos, interesses, histórico, concepções e significados é algo comum para ambas as modalidades. Além disso, há maior ênfase dos estudos sobre o lazer nos cursos de bacharelado.
Poesia experimental portuguesa e a recriação da poesia canônica
Authors: França Lueny Amanda Oliveira , Soares Mailson De Moraes , Leal Izabela Guimarães Guerra
Published: July 2020

Este estudo aborda a Poesia Experimental Portuguesa com o objetivo de mostrar como esse movimento literário, que teve início na segunda metade do século XX, configurou-se naquela época e até hoje possibilita criar e recriar novos experimentos. Aqui abordamos poesias experimentais produzidas com base em obras de autores canônicos. Os poemas analisados são: “Amor de Clarice” (2005), poema digital de autoria do poeta Rui Torres, alicerçado no conto “Amor” (1960), de Clarice Lispector. E o poema “Autopsicografia”, elaborado por Abílio José Santos, baseado no poema homônimo de Fernando Pessoa. Obras que demonstram a relevância e a magnitude que a PO-EX propõe, movimento que atravessou o século e ainda se diversifica e se adapta ao meio digital, em imagens e textos.
De quantas narrativas se faz uma história? Uma leitura de Neighbours, de Lilia Momplé, em perspectiva histórica
Authors: Souza Ubiratã
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo se propõe a uma leitura do romance Neighbours (1995), da escritora moçambicana Lilia Momplé, que busca delinear os traços estéticos estruturantes desse romance para, em seguida, conectá-los a hipóteses interpretativas relativas à história de Moçambique. Ao construir uma macronarrativa a partir de micronarrativas atomizadas localizadas em capítulos que representam horas distintas em apartamentos distintos, o romance de Momplé problematiza construções narrativas nacionais teleológicas que se furtam ao reconhecimento do indivíduo e de sua constitucionalidade como agente do processo histórico.
New approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoC for power-, thermal-efficiency and reliability
Authors: Dey Somdip , Singh Amit Kumar , Mcdonald-Maier Klaus D.
Published: July 2020

Modern mobile devices come equipped with heterogeneous multi-processor system-on-chip (MPSoC) consisting of different types of cores such as CPU and GPU to cater for performance requirement of different types of applications. These MPSoCs also supports dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to reduce dynamic power consumption, which retrospectively affects the peak temperature of the multi-processors on the chip as well. In this poster presentation, we introduce three novel approaches to DVFS in mobile MPSoCs such that the executing applications can meet the performance requirement while consuming less power, reducing peak temperature and improving thermal side-channel security and reliability in terms of lifespan of the device.
Votare a Palermo
Authors: Davì Mauro , Montamagno Francesca
Published: July 2020

In 2017, Palermo was the largest Italian city that renewed the City Council, including the Mayor. This election was preceded by a national (Italian), constitutional referendum in December 2016. For that referendum the “No” won, and there was a high level of participation to the vote.In this work, we aim to analyze the internal electoral geography of Palermo with a special focus on the vote of citizens belonging to notwealthy social classes. The analysis will be based on the relationship between the election results and a Social Disease Index, preceded by a territorial segmentation of the votes. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate the outcome of the administrative vote, made even more interesting by the renewed electoral rules.Our work will highlight whether the results of the election in Palermo reflect the same dynamics that characterized the overall nation or if local peculiarities are present. Our analysis, will indicate the mechanisms at the base of the evolution of the vote, through the comparison between the results this election and those previously occurred elections, and it will provide a profile of the voter vote in Palermo.
Optimization of the English learning with primary school children using Duolingo
Authors: Bernal Rodríguez Sebastián , Ramírez Valencia Astrid
Published: July 2020

In the English language learning, the technology is considered as a very important factor, even so, in the public-school context, teacher’s expertise, and knowledge to integrate are vitally important in the classroom. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the inclusion’s incidence of Duolingo platform in a third-grader's class led by a trainee teacher, who was concerned about why children presented several difficulties to assimilate a foreign language, this event motivated him to propose on his lesson plans permanently the inclusion of this platform during the development of his teaching practicum, which was convened with the home teacher, so he decided to investigate the effect of Duolingo’s use with his researcher sight, during its sessions.

For the analysis of this study was considered theories from Čok (2016), Loeb, (2018), Ahmed(2016), Vesselinov & Grego (2012), among others, which were perceived Duolingo’s digital support as a facilitator element for the English language learning, it was also vital the teacher’s sight and expertise at the moment of including technology in the class space. For this research, three instruments were applied: Trainee teacher’s field notes, a survey, and a questionnaire, to measure children’s language knowledge knowing different perspectives of this experience, thus, to have arguments to invite the teachers to assume these challenges.

Finally, the results let us to know the increase of the English grammar knowledge and vocabulary, after Duolingo’s implementation in the classroom, demonstrating a meaningful academic improvement also behavior changes were noticed and with that, value changes, tending to the education of an integral being, in the scholars.
La Participación del Diseño Gráfico en la salvaguarda del patrimonio cultural inmaterial. Caso: El Señor del Cerrito en Jiquipilco, Estado de México
Authors: Mora-Torres Magali , Villar-García María Gabriela , Maldonado-Reyes Ana Aurora
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer las posibilidades de la participación del diseño gráfico como disciplina social en la generación de inventariosdel patrimonio cultural inmaterial, a través de la imagen, en lo particular, de la manifestación cultural del Señor del Cerrito en Jiquipilco, Estado de México. Se expone un conjunto de metodologías que permiten el análisis de la imagen desde la teoría de los imaginarios colectivos como una apuesta desde el diseño gráfico para salvaguarda del PCI fundamentada en la propuesta que realiza la unesco para este tipo de prácticas, así como desde la teoría de imaginarios de Castoriadis (2013) y Durand (1971).Los elementos que se muestran, pretenden contribuir a generar un reconocimiento de los referentes utilizados en las tradiciones y costumbres de pueblos originarios, que se están perdiendo debido al proceso de globalización de las culturas, así mismo, se espera que a partir de las metodologías planteadas y utilizadas se pueda generar un antecedente de la participación del diseño gráfico en la salvaguarda del PCI, a través de la captura de la imagen observada como representación social de los grupos y por tanto a partir de ésta contribuir en el reconocimiento de la memoria del pueblo, mediante el impacto y efectoque la imagen genera en las personas.