bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Legacy Effect of Intensive versus Standard BP Control on the Incidence of Needing Dialysis or Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Pajewski Nicholas M. , Beddhu Srinivasan , Bress Adam P. , Chang Tara I. , Chertow Glenn M. , Cheung Alfred K. , Cushman William C. , Freedman Barry I. , Greene Tom , Johnson Karen C. , Jaeger Byron C. , Tamura Manjula Kurella , Lewis Cora E. , Rahman Mahboob , Reboussin David M. , Rocco Michael V. , Williamson Jeff D. , Whelton Paul K. , Wright Jackson T. , Drawz Paul E. , Ix Joachim H.
Published: July 2024

Key Points

In the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), the longer-term incidence of needing dialysis or transplantation was low and primarily associated with baseline kidney function.

Rates of dialysis or transplantation were higher with intensive versus standard treatment, though the differences were not statistically significant.

Background

The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) showed that intensive lowering of systolic BP increased the risk of incident CKD and episodes of AKI. Whether intensive treatment changes the risk of kidney failure is unknown. The goal of this study was to estimate the legacy effect of intensive versus standard systolic BP lowering on the longer-term incidence of kidney failure.

Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized, open-label clinical trial with observational follow-up. Between 2010 and 2013, patients 50 years and older with hypertension and higher cardiovascular risk excluding those with diabetes mellitus, history of stroke, proteinuria >1 g/d, or polycystic kidney disease were recruited from 102 clinic sites in the United States and Puerto Rico. Participants were randomized to a systolic BP goal of <120 mm Hg (intensive treatment) or <140 mm Hg (standard treatment group). We linked participants with the United States Renal Data System to ascertain kidney failure (initiation of dialysis therapy or transplantation) and the US National Death Index to ascertain all-cause mortality through 2020.

Results

Based on analysis of 9279 (99.1%) of 9361 randomized participants, 101 cases of kidney failure occurred over a median follow-up of 8.6 years (interquartile range, 8.0–9.1 years), with the majority occurring in 74 (73.3%) participants with an eGFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at baseline. Intensive treatment did not significantly increase the risk of kidney failure either overall (cause-specific hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.78) or in the subgroup of participants with baseline eGFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (cause-specific hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 2.30).

Conclusions

Overall, and in patients with eGFR <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, there were higher rates of dialysis or transplantation among SPRINT participants randomized to intensive treatment, but the modest differences observed were not statistically significant.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

SPRINT, NCT01206062.
Ruralidad y atención primaria en salud: escenarios de transformación personal y profesional de médicos
Authors: Yepes-Delgado Carlos Enrique , Uribe-Restrepo Lucía , Muñoz-Henao Daniela
Published: July 2024

Objetivos: comprender el significado que la rotación de Atención Primaria en Salud tuvo para los médicos internos en formación del último año de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia. Metodología: se realizó un estudio hermenéutico que aplicó técnicas de la teoría fundamentada. La fuente de información estuvo conformada por 100 ensayos realizados por los estudiantes tras la rotación en su internado entre 2011 y 2016. Con codificación abierta se obtuvieron 1837 códigos, los cuales se agruparon en 18 categorías descriptivas y se identificaron 158 dimensiones con sus respectivas propiedades. Posteriormente, se construyó una categoría analítica con la matriz paradigmática propia de la teoría fundamentada. Resultados: enfrentarse a la realidad del ejercicio médico en un primer nivel de atención durante la rotación de Atención Primaria en Salud, marcó un antes y un después desde lo personal y profesional en los estudiantes de Medicina de una Universidad Pública de Medellín, llevándolos a aterrizar abruptamente en el complejo contexto del país y a tomar una postura en su quehacer como médicos, ya que su formación previa fue principalmente en hospitales de alta complejidad. Conclusión: la rotación de Atención Primaria en Salud expone a los estudiantes a los problemas sociales, las necesidades de la población colombiana y la crisis del sistema de salud. Esto los obliga a reflexionar acerca de quiénes son y qué tipo de médicos quieren ser. Esta rotación se convierte, además, en una oportunidad para afianzar conocimientos, explorar sentimientos y reconocer que la medicina también debe abordar los problemas del alma.
The current state of emergency medical services in South Africa: A review
Authors: Govender Shaun , Khaliq Olive P. , Naidoo Raveen , Moodley Jagidesa
Published: July 2024

Emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital component of the health system and provide pre-hospital emergency care and specialised transport for patients requiring access to health facilities, thereby contributing to universal health coverage and improving health outcomes. Evidence regarding the current state of EMS within South Africa to fulfil this role is lacking and was the motivation for this review. Our objective was to describe the current state of EMS in South Africa. A literature search was conducted using keywords, BOOLEAN operating terms, and eligibility criteria on Sabinet, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Medline, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases to find articles related to the components of the EMS system in South Africa. The articles were critically assessed, and six themes emerged: leadership and governance; resources; preparedness (knowledge, attitude, and practices) of the emergency care provider; health and safety; training; and communications. Challenges were found in all themes at a provincial EMS level despite improvements in legislation, leadership, and governance from the National Department of Health. These themes demonstrate that all components in the EMS system are not functioning optimally and may be affecting its contribution to improving universal health coverage and health outcomes. The current state of EMS appears to be constrained and requires greater leadership and governance from the Provincial Departments of Health to improve poorly functioning components of the EMS system.
South Africa’s food system: An industry perspective on past, present and future applications of science and technology
Authors: Ronquest-Ross Lisa-Claire , Sigge Gunnar O.
Published: July 2024

The South African food system is facing severe challenges as increasing hunger, rising food costs, lack of dietary diversity, child stunting, foodborne illnesses, food waste and an obesity epidemic coupled with malnutrition are observed. In this study, we aimed to establish the application of science and technology advances in the food and beverage industry in South Africa in response to food consumption pattern changes since 1994 and how they could be used to address food security challenges. We found that food consumption shifts have been towards sugar-sweetened beverages, processed and packaged food, animal-source foods and added caloric sweeteners, and away from vegetables. These dietary shifts are concerning as they relate to public health. Most commitments to improve the nutritional status of South Africans have been limited to corporate social investment strategies and should be extended into core business strategies. Furthermore, although the South African food and beverage industry has kept pace with developments in food manufacturing practices, there has been little experimentation with non-commercial novel technologies. The expert survey revealed that indigenous African crops and food waste recovery are the two most promising emerging food sources that could be available to South Africans in the shortest time frame. South Africa has many enabling drivers to become a global leader in food technology advances. However, many barriers need to be overcome for industry, academia and government to collaborate to advance novel food science and technologies to reach commercialisation.
Unidirectional dispersal of blow fly larvae following decomposition fluids from a pig carcass
Authors: Adetimehin Adeyemi D. , Mole Calvin G. , Finaughty Devin A. , Heyns Marise
Published: July 2024

The decomposition of a body, and the associated gaseous and liquid discharges emanating from it, attract gravid female blow flies which lay their eggs in or on the body. After the eggs have hatched, the emerging larvae start feeding on the body. As decomposition progresses, the blow fly larvae often migrate away, typically in a random manner in search of favourable conditions for pupation. In this paper, we report on a rarely described phenomenon of unidirectional mass migration of blow fly larvae and postulate on the factors which may drive this process. A decomposition trial utilising a 60-kg pig carcass, deployed in the summer months in Table Mountain National Park, Cape Town, South Africa, was conducted in 2022. On the fifth day of the trial, simultaneous unidirectional mass dispersal of blow fly larvae was observed. The larvae moved downhill in a southeasterly direction, following the flow of decomposition fluids oozing out from the pig carcass. The ‘larval migration stream’ had a length of approximately 1.5 m with a width of 40 cm, tapering to 17 cm at the terminal point. The larval migration stream consisted of the larvae of Chrysomya albiceps and Chrysomya chloropyga. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the timing and pattern of dispersal of post-feeding blow fly larvae in each geographical region. This is crucial as the minimum post-mortem interval can be miscalculated if older immature insects dispersing from the corpse are not considered and collected during crime scene investigations.
Guideline Materials and Documentation for the Genetic Diversity Indicators of the Monitoring Framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
Authors: Mastretta-Yanes Alicia , Suárez Sofía , Jordan Rebecca , Hoban Sean , Da Silva Jessica M. , Castillo-Reina Luis , Heuertz Myriam , Ishihama Fumiko , Köppä Viktoria , Laikre Linda , MacDonald Anna J. , Mergeay Joachim , Paz-Vinas Ivan , Segelbacher Gernot , Knapps Alicia , Rakoczy Henry , Weiler Amelie , Atsaves Angelica , Cullmann Kira , Bagnato Simone , Forester Brenna R.
Published: July 2024

Genetic diversity is fundamental to biological diversity, vital for species’ health and adaptation to environmental change. Under the recently adopted Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), 196 Parties committed to report the status of genetic diversity for both wild and domesticated species. For this, three genetic diversity indicators were developed, two of which focus on processes contributing to genetic diversity conservation: ensuring that populations are large enough to maintain genetic diversity (effective population size Ne 500 indicator) and maintaining genetically distinct populations (populations maintained, PM indicator). A third indicator focuses on the number of species being monitored using DNA-based methods. Adopted by 196 CBD Parties in December 2022, GBF integrated Ne 500 and PM as headline and complementary indicators, respectively. To aid nations in quantifying these indicators, a detailed set of guideline materials was developed, encompassing species selection, data compilation, and indicator computation. These guidelines draw from the collaborative efforts of the first multinational assessment of genetic diversity indicators that was recently completed and that will be refined continually through a versioning system, as more experience is gained and shared. The materials aim to support the global monitoring framework established by the CBD and are accessible online for utilization and updates. The guidelines are available at this link.
Dones i universitat
Authors: autores Varios
Published: July 2024

Quaderns de la Igualtat Ã©s una iniciativa de l'Observatori de la Igualtat de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Aquesta publicaciÃ³ representa la materialitzaciÃ³ de diverses mesures previstes al Pla d'igualtat de la URV (2007-2010), en quÃ¨ es plasma el compromÃ­s de la Universitat amb els valors de la igualtat i la no-discriminaciÃ³. Quaderns de la Igualtat vol ser un espai que serveixi per difondre l'activitat investigadora en matÃ¨ria de polÃ­tiques d’igualtat per raÃ³ de gÃ¨nere i aspira a facilitar a la comunitat acadÃ¨mica i cientÃ­fica una nova eina al servei de la transferÃ¨ncia de coneixement sobre dones i feminisme.
Ayahuasca: Between Cognition and Culture
Authors: Apud Peláez Ismael Eduardo
Published: July 2024

This book summarizes Ismael Apud's ethnographic research in the field of ayahuasca, conducted in Latin America and Catalonia over a period of 10 years. To analyze the variety of ayahuasca spiritual practices and beliefs, the author combines different approaches, including medical anthropology, cognitive science of religion, history of science, and religious studies. Ismael Apud is a psychologist and anthropologist from Uruguay, with a PhD in Anthropology at Universitat Rovira i Virgili.
Construction of individuals ddRADseq libraries for macro-algae (Kelp) V.2 v2
Authors: Mauger Stéphane , Avia Komlan
Published: July 2024

This protocol describes a double digested restriction-site associated DNA (ddRADseq) procedure, that is a variation on the original RAD sequencing method (Davey & Blaxter 2011), which is used for de novo SNP discovery and genotyping. This protocol differs from the original ddRADseq protocol (Peterson et al 2012), in which the samples are pooled just after the ligation to adaptors (i.e. before size selection and PCR). This protocol is an update of the protocol from Claire Daguin Thiebaut et al. (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bv4tn8wn) adapted for micro-algae. The following protocol is intended for the construction of individual ddRADseq libraries from genomic DNA of various macro-algae samples (Kelp). In the present protocol, we added a genomic DNA purification step to eliminate the inhibitors of PCR and Ligation present in macro-algae (polysaccharides). Moreover, all samples are treated separately until final PCR amplification (Rad Taq enrichment step) performed before pooling. Despite being slightly more costly and time-consuming in the lab, it allows for fine adjustement of each sample representation in the final library pool ensuring similar number of reads between samples. Finally, we have defined new P1 adapters (barcodes) with variable sequences and variable sizes (6bp to 13bp) to increase the efficiency of the Illumina sequencing. Briefly, purified genomic DNA from the samples are individually digested with 2 restriction enzymes PstI/HhaI or PstI/MesI (one rare-cutter and one more frequent cutter) then ligated to a barcoded adaptor (among 24 available) at one side, and a single adaptor at the other side, purified with magnetic beads, and PCR-amplified allowing the addition of a Illumina index (among 24 available) for multiplexing a maximum of 576 samples per library. Samples are then pooled in equimolar conditions after visualisation on an agarose gel. Purification and size selection is then performed before final quality control of the library and sequencing. This protocol has proven its effectiveness in several genetic studies of marco-algae populations.
Drosophila melanogaster -test 2 v1
Authors: Gasque Gabriel
Published: July 2024

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Media Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rupnidah Rupnidah , Suryana Dadan
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze Early Childhood Learning Media. Learning media is an important aspect that supports the learning process for early childhood so that they can develop all aspects of development to prepare for the next level education. There are many learning media that have been applied and developed for early childhood education, therefore this study aims to describe early childhood learning media. This type of research was qualitative research with the type of literature study. The process of collecting data in this research are: editing, organizing and finding. The data analysis technique of this research is content analysis technique. The results of this study explain that there are so many learning media that can be applied by the educators according to certain aspects such as vocabulary development, cognitive, speaking, creativity, arithmetic, language, social, emotional, physical motor and reading.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis Media Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini. Media pembelajaran merupakan aspek penting yang menunjang proses belajar bagi anak usia dini agar dapat mengembangkan semua aspek-aspek perkembangan untuk persiapan pendidikan pada jenjang selanjutnya. Sangat banyak media pembelajaran yang sudah diterapkan dan dikembangkan pada pendidikan anak usia dini, oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan media pembelajaran anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe studi kepustakaan. Proses pengumpulan data dalam jenis penelitian ini adalah: editing, organizing dan finding. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis isi. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa begitu banyak media pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan oleh pendidik sesuai dengan aspek-aspek tertentu seperti aspek pengembangan kosakata, kognitif, berbicara, kreativitas, berhitung, bahasa, sosial emosional, fisik motorik dan membaca.
Pola Asuh Demokratis Terhadap Karakter Jujur Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aprily Nuraly Masum , Purwanti Syifa Azkia , Prehanto Adi
Published: July 2024

The Purpose of this Democratic Parenting Patterns Against Early Childhood Honest Character. Honest behavior is very important to be instilled from an early age through character education carried out in schools, but in the process it needs to run in harmony with the support of parents. One of the factors that influence honest character in early childhood is good parenting. This study aims to determine the effect of democratic parenting on the honest character of early childhood. This research is quantitative research with the type of simple linear regression research. The research sample consisted of 30 parents who have children aged 5-6 years in the District of Bojongloa Kaler. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire with a score calculation using a Likert scale. The results showed that democratic parenting of parents has an influence on the honest character of early childhood. The results of the simple linear regression test state that there is a significant effect of democratic parenting on the honest character of early childhood.Perilaku jujur merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk ditanamkan sejak usia dini melalui pendidikan karakter yang dilaksanakan di sekolah, namun dalam prosesnya perlu berjalan selaras dengan dukungan dari orang tua dan lingkungan yang baik. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi karakter jujur pada anak usia dini adalah pola asuh yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola asuh demokratis terhadap karakter jujur anak usia dini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian regresi linear sederhana. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 30 orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 5-6 tahun di Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup dengan perhitungan skor menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pola asuh demokrasi orang tua memiliki pengaruh terhadap karakter jujur anak usia dini. Hasil uji regresi linear sederhana menyatakan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pola asuh demokratis terhadap karakter jujur anak usia dini.
The Republic of Türkiye's Diplomatic Stance from the Perspective of Public Diplomacy and its Response to Disinformation: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Authors: Koçyiğit Ahmet
Published: July 2024

Today, disinformation has an impact on all aspects of political communication. Public diplomacy is the most important of them. In this context, the Republic of Türkiye has established the Directorate of Communications, Center for Countering Disinformation. It is aimed to develop an effective strategy to combat disinformation both nationally and internationally. This study is centered on the Republic of Türkiye's combat against disinformation in the international arena, within the context of public diplomacy. In this respect, the study aims to reveal the Republic of Türkiye's response and diplomatic stance against disinformation from the perspective of public diplomacy in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In line with this objective, a total of 110 pages of disinformation bulletins published in English by the Center for Countering Disinformation on the Israeli-Palestinian war, including its 99th and 102nd issues, were analyzed with content analysis method using the MAXQDA 2022 package program. As a result of the research, it was determined that the Center for Countering Disinformation, through its bulletins, has made a concentrated effort to combat fake news and allegations about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in both traditional and digital media. Moreover, disinformation bulletins addressed manipulated, fabricated, fake, and parody content the most.
Dijital Çağda Yerel Medya Çalışanlarının Sorunlarının Tespitine Yönelik Nitel Bir Araştırma: Şanlıurfa İli Örneği
Authors: Kaçar Ferhat
Published: July 2024

Dijitalleşme çağında, yerel medya coğrafi sınırları aşarak, belirli bölgelerle sınırlı kalmak yerine küresel bir kitleyi hedeflemektedir. İnternet teknolojileri, yerel medyanın haberlere daha hızlı ulaşmasını sağlamış olsa bile güvenilirlik sorunlarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Dolayısıyla dijitalleşmenin yerel medya üzerindeki etkilerini anlamak ve küresel düzeyde yerel medya çalışanlarının sorunlarını belirlemek önemlidir. Bu çalışma, yerel medyadaki dijital dönüşümleri inceleyerek değişen gazetecilik pratiklerini ve yerel medya çalışanlarının karşılaştığı sorunları tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, yerel medya kuruluşlarında çalışan 24 kişiyle derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, Maxqda 20 programıyla kodlamalar yapılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, medya çalışanlarının yerel medyanın önemi ve katkılarına dair düşünceleri, mesleki tutkuları, gelir memnuniyetsizlikleri, çevresel etkenlerden kaynaklı olarak yaşadıkları zorluklar ve karşılaştıkları baskılar incelenmiştir. Bulgular, yerel medya çalışanlarının maddi tatmin eksikliği, feodal yapının etkisi, aşiretlerin baskısı, otosansür, sansür ve şiddet gibi çeşitli engellerle karşılaştıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, dijital medyanın hızlı erişim imkânı ile bilgi kirliliği ve güven kaybı gibi dezavantajları tespit edilmiştir.
Kültürel Diplomasi Bağlamında Dijital Göçebelerin Türkiye İzlenimleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Akgün Ahmet Can
Published: July 2024

Kültürel diplomasi hükümet ve hükümet dışı aktörlerin ülkelerin tanıtımında öne çıkmasıyla beraber popülerlik kazanan bir yaklaşımdır. Kültürel diplomasi aktörleri arasında yer alan ve “entelektüel çalışanlar” olarak ifade edebilecek olduğumuz dijital göçebeler, seyahat ettikleri ülkeler hakkındaki kültürel, siyasal, ekonomik vb. yapıyı takipçileriyle paylaşabilmektedirler. Bu çalışmanın iki ana amacının olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Birinci amaç son dönemde Türkiye’de öne çıkmaya başlayan dijital göçebe alanyazınına farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırmaktır. Çalışmanın ikinci amacı ise Türkiye deneyimlerini takipçileriyle paylaşan ve benzeşik örneklemeyle belirlenen seyahat vloggerların paylaşımlarını kültürel diplomasi bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Dijital göçebenin bakış açısıyla Türkiye ile ilgili gönderi içerikleri (cazibe ögeleri, olumsuz yönler vb.), öne çıkan takipçi yorumları, Lambert ve Dana Atchey’in ortaya koyduğu dijital hikâye anlatımına göre içeriklerinin genel bir değerlendirilmesi betimsel analiz kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışma dijital göçebelerin bakış açısıyla Türkiye izlenimlerini ortaya çıkarması ve kültürel diplomasi alanyazına katkı sunması açısından önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma bulgularına göre tarihsel, dinsel ögeler ve gastronomi dijital göçebelerde hayranlık uyandıran önemli cazibe araçları olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Bunun yanında dijital göçebelerin bazı takipçilerin Türkiye hakkındaki ön yargılı yorumlarına karşı bilgilendirici açıklamalar yaptıkları ve turistik destinasyonların tanıtılması amacıyla “kültür elçisi” gibi önerilerde bulundukları da belirlenmiştir.
Reklam Ajanslarında Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı: Sektör Profesyonellerinin ChatGPT ve Midjourney Deneyimlerine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Çeber Burak
Published: July 2024

İnsanın teknoloji ile kurmuş olduğu yakınlık arttıkça yeni gelişme, etki ve deneyimler de beraberinde gelmektedir. Bugün, insan hayatına yön veren yeniliklerin ortaya çıkmasında teknolojik ilerlemelerin odağında bulunan yapay zekânın oldukça büyük bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Kullanım alanına ve içeriğe göre farklı şekillerde karşımıza çıkan yapay zekâ, insanın günlük alışkanlıklarını değiştirmekle birlikte iş yapış şekillerini de dönüşüme uğratmaktadır. Bu dönüşümden, son derece dinamik bir sektör olan reklamcılık da etkilenmektedir. Bu araştırma kapsamında, yapay zekânın reklamcılık alanında kullanımını saptamak için sektör profesyonellerinin ChatGPT ve Midjourney kullanımlarına yönelik edinmiş oldukları deneyimlere başvurulmuştur. Bu doğrultuda reklam ajanslarında aktif görev yapan reklam uygulayıcıları ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada ChatGPT ve Midjourney kullanımı; uygulamaların görev, iş, iletişim akışına etkileri, kullanıma yönelik sınır ve zorluklar ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi ve betimsel analize tabi tutulmuş olup veri çözümlemesi sürecinde nitel ve karma yöntemler için kullanılan MAXQDA Analytics Pro-2020 analiz programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada, Midjourney ve ChatGPT’nin fikir edinme, içerik üretimi, içgörü analizinde yardımcı bir araç olarak kullanıldığı ve kullanım esnasında karşılaşılan sorunlara rağmen görevlerin akışı, hızı ve yerine getiriş şeklinde dönüşüme yol açmaya başladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın, sektör profesyonellerinin yapay zekâya dair deneyimlerini sunması açısından yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Professionalism? Restricting Expressions? Determining Journalists' Individual Social Media Uses Based on Institutional Guidelines
Authors: Kaya Sertaç
Published: July 2024

The usage of social media by journalists might lead to problems with the conflict between their personal and professional identities. Because it can be difficult to distinguish between private and public posts, media companies are developing guidelines to regulate how their employees use social media. The study examines how institutional guidelines for journalists' use of social media can influence their personal use of social media. Through document analysis, the guidelines of both the BBC and Anadolu Agency in Türkiye were examined with the aim of uncovering the expectations of these institutions. Both documents were analyzed using the Python programming language. Furthermore, with the goal to uncover the journalists' perceptions of the guidelines, in-depth interviews were carried out with personnels from BBC and Anadolu Agency. The research showed that the guidelines were designed to safeguard corporate identity and reliability. Moreover, it was noted that the journalists who were interviewed did not view the guidelines as a form of intervention or censorship.
Kültürel Hegemonya’nın Hollywood Sinema Filmleri Üzerinden İnşası
Authors: Dalkilic Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Siyasal iktidarın sürdürülebilirliği onun arzuladığı değerler sisteminin kabulü ile mümkün olmaktadır. Hollywood film endüstrisi ve onun bir ürünü olan sinema mesafe ve sınır tanımaksızın ulaştığı her noktada zihinsel bir inşa eylemi gerçekleştirmektedir. Birey “izleyici” olarak sinema filminin içerdiği ideolojik ve kültürel çağrışımlarla kurduğu etkileşim içerisinde edilgen kılınmakta ve ona iletilen yaşam düsturlarını içselleştirmektedir. Sinema bir iletişim aracı olduğu gibi aynı zamanda bir kültür endüstrisi aracıdır. Sinema bir kültür endüstrisi aracı olarak yürüttüğü ideolojik eylem ile kültür unsurunun toplumun tüm kademelerince siyasi erkin arzuladığı şekliyle içselleştirilmesi noktasında anahtar bir rol üstlenir. Böylelikle kültürel hegemonya siyasi otoritenin eliyle kendini yeniden ve yeniden gerçekleştirerek statükoya sürdürülebilirlik kazandırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, seçilen sinema filminin içerik matrisini meydana getiren kültürel ve ideolojik temsiller aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen kültürel hegemonya inşasını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya vaka olarak seçilen “Bir Zamanlar... Hollywood” filminin içerdiği ideolojik ve kültürel temsiller irdelenerek, bu temsillerin kültürel hegemonyanın inşa sürecinde nasıl bir rol oynadığı niteliksel içerik çözümlemesi ve göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemini karma bir şekilde kullanmıştır. Yapılan çözümleme sonucunda çalışmaya konu filmin kültürel hegemonyanın inşası bağlamında bir eylem çağrısı yaptığı ve izleyiciyi bu sürecin içerisine çektiği ortaya koyulmuştur.
Deterrence in Inter-State Communication: International Signaling Strategies
Authors: Ünlü Hayati
Published: July 2024

In the era of global Great Powers, it may prove to be more expensive for nations to either participate in conflict or cooperate. Nevertheless, deterrence becomes a significant point of reference for nations desiring to avoid war while also influencing the decisions and behaviors of their rivals. Discouraging an adversary's willingness to fight is not only less expensive than actual warfare, but also provides greater prestige and credibility for safeguarding national interests. In order to communicate deterrence policies to the other side, states often resort to signaling. Sometimes these signals are explicit, sometimes partial and ambiguous. Signaling can also sometimes be exclusively harsh and sometimes cooperative. Signaling studies, which pertain to a multidisciplinary literature spanning international relations to political communication and psychology, are increasingly critical in debates on state behavior. This is not only due to their academic significance but also their practical utility for actors. This study will examine the historical progression of deterrence and current deterrence theories utilizing various types of deterrence. The next section will discuss the use of signaling as a means of deterrence, analyzing the types of signals and the motivation of states to communicate with their adversaries in order to achieve their objectives. Following this, the literature on signaling will be reinforced with significant examples from international politics. Lastly, this study will conclude by discussing the transformative processes of deterrence and signaling debates in the modern era, taking into account emerging trends.
Changes in the Knowledge of Journalism Students Participating in the Climate Journalism Course on the Climate Crisis
Authors: Şahin Hassan Meltem
Published: July 2024

The climate crisis, which scientists have been trying to explain to people with various warnings, is now showing results worldwide. Hurricanes, floods, droughts, extreme weather events, and the natural disasters that come with them are among the most significant problems. As a crucial tool, climate journalism is responsible for raising awareness about the climate crisis and providing information on ways to combat it. The significance of this role is underscored by the fact that as the level of knowledge of climate journalists on this issue increases, the knowledge of the public will increase. This study is about the climate journalism course in the education program of Erciyes University, Faculty of Communication, Department of Journalism. The study, conducted using a pre-test and post-test design, examines the significant contribution of the climate journalism course to students' knowledge about the climate crisis. According to the study's findings, students' knowledge of the climate crisis increased after taking the course, and their concepts about the climate also varied. After taking the course, students could define the causes and consequences of the climate crisis more accurately. As students' knowledge increased, their concern about the climate crisis increased, highlighting the importance of climate journalism education in increasing public awareness and understanding.
İstanbul Müzakereleri Haberlerinin Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi: Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı
Authors: Kılınç Elif Pınar
Published: July 2024

Konusu, 29 Mart 2022 tarihinde İstanbul’da Dolmabahçe Sarayı’nda Türkiye arabuluculuğunda gerçekleşen yüz yüze görüşmelerin Türk medyasına yansıması olan makalenin problemi, medyanın sahiplik yapısına göre işleyen ideolojik bir yapı olduğu varsayımından hareketle, bu yapının haberlerin söylemini nasıl etkilediği sorusudur. Makalenin amacı, Rusya ve Ukrayna Savaşı ile ilgili bir ateşkes sağlanması adına harekete geçen Türkiye’nin bu rolünün farklı sahiplik yapılarına ve ideolojik konumlara sahip Türk gazetelerinde nasıl sunulduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye arabuluculuğunda gerçekleştirilen İstanbul’daki müzakerelerin, farklı sahiplik yapıları ve ideolojileri göz ününe alınarak seçilen Sabah, Sözcü ve Birgün gazetelerine nasıl yansıdığı ve haberleştirildiği eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi yöntemiyle incelenmektedir. İncelenen haberler, müzakere tarihi ile sonraki gün olan 29 ve 30 Mart 2022 tarihlerini kapsamaktadır ve gazetelerin internet sayfasında yayınlanmaktadır. Aynı olayın, medya araçlarının sahiplik yapıları temelinde şekillenen özelliklerine, ideolojik konumlarına, güç ilişkileriyle olan temas düzeylerine göre farklı şekillerde aktarıldığı ve bunun, ideolojinin inşa edildiği dilsel bir yapı olarak haber söyleminde işlevsel olduğu, çalışmanın en önemli bulgusudur.
Using In-Building Observations of Small-to-Large Earthquakes to Predict the Seismic Response of Structures
Authors: Guéguen Philippe , Astorga Ariana
Published: July 2024

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the potential value of data from weak-to-moderate earthquakes for structural response analysis. Data recorded over 18 yr by the seismic network installed in the 12-stories Grenoble City Hall Building (France) is considered. The building response is analyzed in terms of intensity measures and engineering demand parameters, and then compared with strong earthquake data recorded in Japanese buildings. The uncertainties of structural response prediction are estimated and defined in terms of “within-building” and “between-building” components in the same way as the components of the ground-motion model. Data complementarity in the response model is observed between the weak-to-moderate (France) and the moderate-to-strong (Japan) earthquake datasets, disclosing nonlinear processes (associated with resonance period elongation) that are activated in buildings during low-to-strong motion. For example, fundamental frequency shifts are triggered at low values of both total structural drift amplitudes and equivalent strain rates (i.e., time derivative of structural drift). In addition, strain rate thresholds from 10−11  s−1 to 10−5  s−1 representing different structural conditions from undamaged to severely damaged buildings are observed to activate nonlinearities. This confirms the link between loading rates and structural conditions. Our results highlight the interest in instrumentation in buildings located in regions of weak-to-moderate seismicity, for (1) the development and calibration of realistic models for predicting the seismic response of structures, (2) for improving our understanding of the components of uncertainties in the risk assessment of existing buildings, and (3) to investigate physical processes activated in structures during seismic loading that influence their response.
Exploring the influence of audiences’ subjective well-being in sport event: the moderating role of leisure engagement
Authors:   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macao Unviersity of Science and Technology, Tang Juan , Wu Jiayu ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macao Unviersity of Science and Technology, Goh Ben Kok ,   Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Macao Unviersity of Science and Technology
Published: July 2024

Drawing on leisure coping theory, this study examines how negative impacts of sport events influence audiences’ subjective well-being, which further affects the support of the event. Leisure engagement is further employed to test its moderating effect of this relationship. By distributing questionnaires on-site during the on-going four days of the Macau Grand Prix 2018, 620 valid audiences were surveyed. The findings suggest that (a) audiences’ perceived negative impact of the Macau Grand Prix negatively influence their subjective well-being, (b) when the leisure engagement was low, the negative relationship between negative impact of the Macau Grand Prix and audiences’ subjective well-being was alleviated, and (c) the indirect effects of audiences’ perceived negative impact on support for sport events via subjective well-being was buffered by leisure engagement, such that the indirect effects were only found in dyads with lower leisure engagement, but not in dyads with higher leisure engagement. Theoretical contribution and practical implications for Macau government and organization of the Macau Grand Prix were also discussed.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CRYPTO TRADING ON CARBON EMISSIONS USING PATH ANALYSIS
Authors: Oğuz Suzan
Published: July 2024

In parallel with the growing interest in cryptocurrencies, the relationship between crypto trading and CO2 is critical to drive financial markets and environmental sustainability efforts. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of crypto trading on carbon emissions (CO2) through the mediating roles of international trade and energy use. Within the scope of the study, path analysis was carried out using the 2007-2021 period data of the top 20 countries with high crypto trade volume. A model proposal was presented to examine the relationships between the variables used in the study and the necessary analyses were carried out. The results of the analysis show that crypto trade volume has a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions. It is also concluded that international trade and energy use mediate the relationship between crypto trade and carbon emissions. It is seen that crypto mining activities and cryptocurrencies lead to an increase in energy use and environmental impacts. At this point, it is important for countries to switch to renewable energy sources and to regularly report and monitor the impact of cryptocurrency mining activities on carbon emissions.
BANKA AFİŞLERİNDE ÜNLÜ KULLANIMININ EYE TRACKING YÖNTEMİYLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Uyar Ahmet
Published: July 2024

Banka reklamlarında ünlü kullanımı son yıllarda sıklıkla başvurulan bir pazarlama yöntemidir. Yüksek maliyeti, tüketicileri etkilemesi ve dikkat çekici olması nedeniyle ünlü kullanımı firmaların pazarlama stratejisi açısından belirleyici olmaktadır. Bankacılık sektöründe soyut ürünlerin pazarlanması ve maddi unsurların ön plana çıkması tüketicilerin bankaya güvenmesini zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Ünlü kullanımı müşterilerin bu güven duygusunu sağlamada kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Banka reklamlarında ünlü kullanımını araştıran bu çalışmada katılımcılara ünlülerin yer aldığı iki farklı reklam afişi gösterilmiş ve tepkileri ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Anket, göz izleme ve yüz kodlama teknikleri birlikte kullanılmış, karşılaştırmalı analizler ile tüketicilerin bu afişlere yaklaşımları ve aynı zamanda fizyolojik tepkileri anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre katılımcıların reklamlarda ünlü kullanımına olumlu yaklaştıkları, bu reklamların daha dikkat çekici olduğunu düşündükleri ancak yalnızca ünlü kullanımı nedeniyle banka ürün ve hizmetlerini satın almadıkları anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların banka afişlerinde en fazla yazılı kısımlara dikkat ettikleri, ünlü kişilerin yüzlerine, banka logosuna ise çok fazla bakmadıkları görülmüştür.
UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE ATELOPUS A.M.C. DUMERIL & BIBRON 1841 (AMPHIBIA: BUFONIDAE) DE LA CORDILLERA CENTRAL COLOMBIANA
Authors: Ardila-Robayo María Cristina , Ruiz-Carranza Pedro M.
Published: July 2024

Se describe y nomina una nueva especie de Atelopus del grupo ignescens, del subpáramo occidental del Páramo de Las Papas, Parque Natural Nacional Puracé, en el Departamento del Cauca.
ECOLOGÍA REPRODUCTIVA DE UNA POBLACIÓN DE COCHRANELLA IGNOTA (ANURA: CENTROLENIDAE)
Authors: Restrepo Jorge Humberto , Naranjo Luis G.
Published: July 2024

Durante el primer semestre de 1994, estudiamos 30 machos y 40 posturas de Cochranella ignota en un bosque de niebla a 1900 msnm en la Cordillera Occidental. El agrupamiento de los machos en sitios restringidos y la regularidad en su distribución dentro de cada  agregado sugieren territorialidad y selección de sitios de despliegue. La ausencia de patrones en las variables estructurales de hábitat de despliegue y de desove sugiere mecanismos puramente conductuales para la escogencia de parejas. La comparación de la reproducción de esta población con la de otras especies de anfibios anuros revela un sistema tipo Lek.
UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE ATELOPUS A.M.C.DUMERIL & BIBRON 1841 (AMPHIBIA: ANURA: BUFONIDAE) DE LA CORDILLERA ORIENTAL COLOMBIANA
Authors: Ardila-Robayo María Cristina
Published: July 2024

Se describe y nomina una nueva especie de Atelopus del grupo longirostris (sensu Peters 1973) o ignescens (sensu Lynch, 1993:86) de los bosques húmedos orientales del Parque Nacional Natural Cordillera Los Picachos en el Municipio de San Vicente del Caguán. Departamento del Caquetá.
ESTADO DEL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA FLORA DE HEPÁTICAS DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Uribe M. Jaime , Gradstein S. Rob
Published: July 2024

La flora de hepáticas de Colombia es muy rica. Cerca del 60% de las especies de América tropical y una sexta parte de las hepáticas del mundo están presentes en Colombia. El país tiene más especies que toda el África al sur del Sahara y casi dos veces más que Europa.
El nuevo catálogo de hepáticas de Colombia acepta 840 especies (en 36 familias y 136 géneros): 832 especies de Hepaticae y 8 de Anthocerotae.
LOS MACROINVERTEBRADOS Y SU VALOR COMO INDICADORES DE LA CALIDAD DEL AGUA
Authors: Roldán Pérez Gabriel
Published: July 2024

Se hace un análisis de la problemática de la contaminación del agua y se discuten algunos de los métodos más usados para medir su grado de deterioro mediante los bioindicadores. Existen métodos biológicos para evaluar la calidad del agua que son de amplio uso en países desarrollados, pero debido a que la fauna acuática allí existente es diferente a la nuestra, no pueden aplicarse en el trópico sin antes conocer qué tipo de organismos viven aquí y cuáles son sus exigencias ecológicas. Se propone la adopción de un método para la evaluación de la calidad del agua en ecosistemas de montaña tropicales, utilizando los macroinvertebrados como bioindicadores.
LA CORRIENTE DE CHORRO SUPERFICIAL DEL OESTE (DEL CHOCO) Y OTRAS DOS CORRIENTES DE CHORRO EN COLOMBIA: CLIMATOLOGÍA Y VARIABILIDAD DURANTE LAS FASES DEL ENSO
Authors: Poveda Germán , Mesa Oscar J.
Published: July 2024

Usando los datos del Reanálisis Climático de NCEP/NCAR, se estudió la dinámica de tres corrientes que actúan sobre Colombia. Se descubrió una corriente de chorro de bajo nivel proveniente del Pacífico que penetra al interior introduciendo grandes cantidades de humedad (chorro del CHOCÓ). Su intensidad está fuertemente modulada por el ciclo anual, pero su núcleo está localizado en 5ºN durante todo el año. El chorro del CHOCÓ contribuye a la advección de humedad por parte de vientos relativamente fríos que interactúan con los vientos más cálidos predominantes (alisios del este), causando alta inestabilidad atmosférica, alta convección profunda y precipitación, normales en la costa del Pacífico. Esta corriente está asociada con la formación de complejos convectivos de meso-escala que penetran desde el Pacífico hacia el interior y que pueden traspasar la Cordillera Oriental, causando alta precipitación. Se explican cuatro causas de origen de la corriente. También se descubrió otra corriente localizada en el ecuador a la altura de los 700-600 hPa, y con un marcado ciclo anual que interactúa con la corriente del CHOCÓ. Además se descubrió que la corriente de chorro superficial de los alisios del mar Caribe hacia los 12º-14ºN, acá denominada "corriente de San Andrés", después de cruzar el istmo centroamericano, retorna hacia el sureste, contribuye a conformar la corriente del oeste del CHOCÓ. Durante El Niño se debilitan fuertemente tanto la corriente del CHOCÓ, como la corriente de los 700 hPa, y la convergencia superficial de vientos sobre Sudamérica tropical; la divergencia de la zona de 700 hPa también se debilita con la disminución de la precipitación. Esto explica, en parte, el déficit de lluvias durante El Niño, y las condiciones opuestas para La Niña.
THE ELEUTHERODACTYLUS OF THE TAENIATUS COMPLEX IN WESTERN COLOMBIA: TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Lynch John D. , Ardila-Robayo Maria Cristina
Published: July 2024

Eleutherodactylus taeniatus was confused previously with two other species found at moderate to intermediate elevations. One of the new species is confined to the northern part of the Cordillera Occidental where it apparently replaces E. ptochus. The other species is found on the Antioquian altiplano of the Cordillera Central. Eleutherodactylus taeniatus occurs at elevations below 1500 m in the northern part of the Chocó biogeographico and in the Magdalena Medio. Presently, seven species of this complex are known in transandean Colombia.
ESTUDIO LIMNOLÓGICO DEL EMBALSE DE EL GUAVIO (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Roldán Gabriel , Bohórquez Amparo , Cataño Ramiro , Ardila Jorge l.
Published: July 2024

De septiembre a diciembre de 1996 se llevó a cabo un estudio limnológico de O a 100m de profundidad en el embalse de El Guavio. Se tomaron muestras de plancton y se determinó la clorofila a. El estudio mostró una columna de agua bien mezclada. El oxígeno disuelto permaneció con una saturación del 60% a 1OOm de profundidad. Los valores de fósforo y nitrógeno, lo mismo que los de clorofila fueron muy bajos. El fito y el zooplancton fueron diversos en especies. El principal problema del embalse son los sedimentos aportados por los terrenos aledaños muy erosionables.
Effect of Genetic Groups and Gender on Body Weight and Different Morphometric Traits in Poultry Birds
Authors: Parte Padma , Sahoo S.K. , Dubey P.P. , Kaur Simarjeet , Mukhopadhyay C.S.
Published: July 2024

Background: Traits of economically importance are quantitative, complex with continuous variability in chickens whereas body morphometric parameters are variable on the basis of some factors such as age, sex, nutrition, climate and status of the birds which is very important in differentiating native from exotic as well as commercial breeds. Methods: Three genetic groups of chicken i.e., Rhode Island Red (RIR), Kadaknath and Punjab Brown were classified according to gender and genetic groups. The body weight was measured from 0 day to 26th week of age and morphometric trait from 12 to 26th week of age. The fixed effect of gender and genetic groups on different fortnightly body weights (BW) and morphometric traits were estimated. Result: Punjab Brown poultry birds had significantly higher (p≤0.01) body weight and morphometric traits viz. beak length (BKL), keel length (KL), wing length (WL) and body girth (BG) for most of the studied weeks. Male birds consistently had significantly (p≤0.01) higher body weight and important morphometric parameters viz. shank length (SL), shank width (SW), BKL, comb length (CL), KL and WL compared to females across all age groups which interprets the significance of different non-genetic factors on body weight and important morphometric parameters for further selection in different breeds of poultry birds.