bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orchid bee collects herbicide that mimics the fragrance of its orchid mutualists
Authors: Pemberton Robert W. , Kindt James T.
Published: April 2024

Male orchid bees store volatile compounds collected from their orchid mutualists and other sources to use in their courtship. Males of a naturalized orchid bee in Florida, Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz (Hymenoptera: Apidae), intensively and habitually collected from substrates impregnated with triclopyr herbicide, most probably collecting its major breakdown product TMP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-methoxypyridine). Why this occurred and if the practice harmed the bees was considered. The chemical is thought to have low toxicity to bees and orchid bees collect and manage volatile chemicals so that they do not contact the interior of their bodies, both suggesting limited harm from the practice. Molecular similarity comparisons of TMP with 24 volatile compounds collected by E. dilemma found greater than 50 % structural similarities in four compounds according to the maximum common substructure, suggesting that TMP mirrors compounds needed by the bee in its courtship, and probably explains why the bees collect triclopyr. The bizarre but interesting collection of an herbicide by this orchid bee appears to be due to the similarity between the herbicide and chemicals that the bee needs in its courtship. The herbicide does not appear to harm the bee.
Using imagery to foster coping efficacy
Authors: Moritz Sandra E. , Castaneda Cassandra Lora
Published: April 2024

This paper describes how imagery can be used to foster coping efficacy. It includes a general overview of coping and coping efficacy. Athletes who struggle with a low coping efficacy can benefit from the use of imagery. When designing imagery interventions it is important to consider the content, function, and outcome. There are three examples of imagery scripts athletes might want to use to improve coping efficacy.
Mammals of Myanmar: an annotated checklist
Authors: Thu Aye Myat , Lwin Ye Htet , Quan Rui-Chang
Published: April 2024

When the book Wild mammals of Myanmar (Tun Yin 1993) was published, a total of 252 mammal species were reported. Since that publication, numerous new species have been described, taxonomic revisions published, and additional distribution records produced that have expanded Myanmar’s mammals considerably. Therefore, we aimed to provide an updated checklist of the mammals of Myanmar, which includes the scientific and common names, global and Myanmar distributions, remarks on taxonomy, and conservation information including the IUCN Red List status and legal protection status under The Conservation of Biodiversity and Protected Areas Law 2018 of Myanmar. Our new checklist includes 365 (33 marine and 332 terrestrial) mammal species belonging to 13 orders and 49 families. We also confirmed that Myanmar is home to at least nine endemic mammal species. Our results highlight the areas that require further exploration to gain a more comprehensive understanding of Myanmar’s diverse fauna.
Rolling Contact Fatigue Performance of Carbonitrided Pyrowear 675 at 218°C with MIL-PRF-23699G
Authors: Trivedi Hitesh K.
Published: April 2024

This research presents the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life performance of carbonitrided (CN) martensitic stainless steel Pyrowear 675 (P675). P675 was heat-treated using a patented single-step carburizing-nitriding process. The CN specimens were tempered at 316°C (low temperature tempered: LTT) and 496°C (high temperature tempered: HTT). The CN Pyrowear 675 specimens were evaluated for RCF life using a ball-on-rod tester at a maximum Hertzian stress of 5.5 GPa in a hybrid configuration (with silicon nitride rolling elements) and at a temperature of 218°C using three gas turbine engine lubricants conforming to MIL-PRF-23699G. The RCF performance of the CN P675 was compared to case-carburized P675 (both LTT and HTT) and M50, evaluated under identical test conditions. Both versions of CN P675 showed significant improvement in fatigue life and wear resistance compared to M50 and case-carburized P675. RCF rod specimens were also analyzed for microstructural changes. The microstructural changes in CN P675 showed only the formation of dark etching regions (DERs). Microstructural changes in the form of white etching regions (WERs) or white etching cracks (WECs) were observed with M50 and case-carburized P675. In addition to operating conditions (load, speed, and temperature), the results indicate that bearing material, heat treatment, and lubricant play an important role in microstructural changes.
A Review of Austempering for Bearing Applications
Authors: Lipshaw Jeremy , Hayrynen Kathy , Metz Steve
Published: April 2024

Bainitic bearings, produced through an austempering process, have shown great potential as an alternative to traditional, martensitic bearings. Bainite, specifically lower bainite, which is developed through low-temperature isothermal heat treatment, is a steel microconstituent consisting of carbon supersaturated bainitic ferrite and uniquely oriented, nanosized carbides. In bearing-quality steels, bainite can exceed hardness values of 60 HRC. Due to a uniform transformation, bainitic bearings avoid the formation of tensile residual stresses; the result is significantly reduced distortion and quench cracking compared to martensitic bearings. Because the carbon content of the retained austenite in bainite is higher than the retained austenite in martensite and its morphology is predominately of the film type, the retained austenite is more thermally stable in cold environments, providing designers an opportunity to relax retained austenite volume fraction specifications and to benefit from its mechanical advantages. At the same hardness, bainite tends to have competitive rolling contact fatigue properties and improved fracture toughness when compared to tempered martensite. However, due to the extended transformation time required, austempering heat treatments may be more expensive than traditional martensitic heat treatments. Therefore, researchers have been working on novel austempering variations to shorten the total heat treatment time or significantly increase bearing life. This paper reviews the literature on austempering for bearing applications, compares the microstructure of bainite to tempered martensite and how it impacts bearing performance, and introduces novel austempering variations that have superior rolling contact fatigue lives that may be cost-competitive with traditional martensitic heat treatments.
New Descriptor-Based Material Characterization Method Using Micro Compression Test on Spherical Microsamples
Authors: Sonnenberg Heike , Clausen Brigitte
Published: April 2024

A newly developed micro compression test on spherical samples was introduced as a fast mechanical material characterization method within a novel high-throughput alloy development process of structural materials. During the validation phase of the new micro compression test method, conventionally manufactured bearing balls with diameters of 0.6–1.0 mm were used. Microspheres of different rolling bearing steels, such as AISI 52100 (DIN 100Cr6) and AISI 420 (DIN X46Cr13), were therefore studied in detail. The micro compression test made possible an investigation of the elastic-plastic deformation behavior during loading and unloading of metallic microspheres. So-called descriptors were extracted from continuously measured force-displacement curves as fast characteristic values. When the geometry was taken into account, normalized descriptors enabled the comparison of different sample sizes. A wide database of 20 investigated metallic alloys in over 60 different heat treatment conditions showed the potential of the new mechanical characterization method, since changes in alloy composition and heat treatment were reflected with a high sensitivity by the descriptors of the micro compression test. Furthermore, recent results show that this test delivers robust descriptors regarding a possible material-specific scatter within a batch. Additional universal microhardness measurements, as well as x-ray diffraction investigations for obtaining the retained austenite content, enabled a detailed analysis and the validation of the descriptors. Although the main reason for the development of the micro compression test was initially based on a sustainable and resource-efficient high-throughput approach within the search for new alloy compositions, the results might be of great interest for the ASTM community regarding the potential material characterization of bearing balls.
Nitriding Characteristic of Two New Steel Grades for Demanding Transmission and Bearing Application
Authors: Bellus Jacques , Sidoroff Christine , Ooi Steve , Skiba Olivier
Published: April 2024

This article presents the investigative work performed on two newly developed nitriding steels for demanding transmission and bearing applications. The experimental work on both AD65N and Hybrid Steel has shown that it is possible to achieve a higher surface hardness and better residual stress profile as compared to the reference material, indicating that both materials have the potential to replace the current materials and to improve the overall property of future gears and bearings in demanding applications. The promising results enable additional characterization and rolling contact fatigue tests to be planned, which will further increase the technology readiness level for both newly developed steels.
Study of the method of controlling the compatibility of Internet of Things devices based on the MQTT application layer protocol
Authors: Timenko Artur V. , Shkarupylo Vadym V. , Kulykovska Nataliia A. , Hrushko Svitlana S.
Published: April 2024

Amid the rapid development of the Internet of Things and its impact on various areas of life, ensuring compatibility between different system components is becoming an urgent task. This is especially important in the context of developing and integrating Internet of Things systems with a high level of diversity and dynamism. In this article, we consider the problem of interoperability of Internet of Things components, focusing on application layer protocols that are key to ensuring intercomponent interaction. The main purpose of the article is to develop and validate a model that will optimize the processes of interaction between system components, taking into account the specifics of protocols. The model is based on the use of temporal action logic, which provides formal verification of interactions between components and allows identifying potential compatibility problems at the early stages of development. The developed model has been tested using a software simulator that allows simulating various scenarios of interaction in the Internet of Things network. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in increasing the level of interoperability between system components, which in turn reduces the risks of data loss and ensures the stability of Internet of Things systems. Due to the in-depth analysis and development of specialized methods and tools, this study makes a significant contribution to the development of theoretical and practical aspects of interoperability. However, to further improve the accuracy and versatility of the model, additional empirical studies with a larger data set are recommended.
Method of reliability control of thermoelectric systems to ensure thermal regimes
Authors: Zaykov Vladimir P. , Mescheryakov Vladimir I. , Ustenko Andrey S.
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the results of research of controllability of the thermoelectric system for ensuring thermal modes of electronic equipment, including a regulator, a cooler, and a component of excess heat removal to the environment. It is shown that for the use of methods of optimization of automatic control systems it is necessary to study the transfer and dynamic characteristics of the object - thermoelectric cooling device with one input and one output. The mathematical model of the thermoelectric cooler of the system of providing thermal modes of a given design is presented, which takes into account the influence of the conditions of interaction of the heat sink with the medium on the main significant parameters, reliability indicators, dynamic and energy characteristics of the single stage cooler. The model is created for the operating range of cooling, level of thermal load, geometry of thermocouple branches, different temperature of the medium, for the characteristic thermal regime of maximum cooling capacity. The results of calculations of the main significant parameters, reliability indicators, dynamic and energy characteristics of the cooler for different medium temperature in the operating temperature range and variation of conditions of heat exchange of the heat sink with the medium are given. It is shown that as the intensity of heat exchange of the heat sink with the medium increases, the temperature difference between the heat sink and the medium decreases. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the relative failure rate, increase the probability of failure-free operation of the thermoelectric cooler and control the reliability indicators of the device of a given design during operation.
Modeling and forecasting of stock market processes
Authors: Uhryn Dmytro I. , Karachevtsev Artem O. , Shevchuk Serhii F. , Uhryn Andrii D.
Published: April 2024

Stock market valuation uses a variety of indicators, such as indices and ratings, to reflect its state and movement. For example, a stock exchange index reflects activity on a stock exchange and is calculated using specific formulas. The calculation of indices is based on statistical data on securities and helps to assess the risks of investments. These indices reflect market conditions. The methodology for forming stock indices includes four stages: sampling, weighting of shares, calculation of the average, and conversion to the index form. Two types of sampling are used: deterministic and floating-power sampling. The weighting coefficients are determined by the price criterion and market capitalization. The studied approaches to stock market modeling allow identifying functional dependencies in the data and developing forecasts. In particular, the methods of approximation and modeling by the Wiener process are allocated. Stock market forecasting using the multi-layer architecture of Long Short-Term Memory in the Keras library is investigated. The overall results confirm that an intelligent information system for automated trading decisions is effective, providing traders with competitive advantages and reducing risks.
The interplay of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in adipose tissue
Authors: Kagdi Samrin , Lyons Sulayman A , Beaudry Jacqueline L
Published: April 2024

Adipose tissue was once known as a reservoir for energy storage but is now considered a crucial organ for hormone and energy flux with important effects on health and disease. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted from the small intestinal K cells, responsible for augmenting insulin release, and has gained attention for its independent and amicable effects with glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), another incretin hormone secreted from the small intestinal L cells. The GIP receptor (GIPR) is found in whole adipose tissue, whereas the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is not, and some studies suggest that GIPR action lowers body weight and plays a role in lipolysis, glucose/lipid uptake/disposal, adipose tissue blood flow, lipid oxidation, and free-fatty acid (FFA) re-esterification, which may or may not be influenced by other hormones such as insulin. This review summarizes the research on the effects of GIP in adipose tissue (distinct depots of white and brown) using cellular, rodent, and human models. In doing so, we explore the mechanisms of GIPR-based medications for treating metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, and how GIPR agonism and antagonism contribute to improvements in metabolic health outcomes, potentially through actions in adipose tissues.
Glucagon resistance and metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease: a review of the evidence
Authors: McGlone Emma Rose , Bloom Stephen R , Tan Tricia M-M
Published: April 2024

Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely associated with obesity. MASLD affects over 1 billion adults globally but there are few treatment options available. Glucagon is a key metabolic regulator, and its actions include the reduction of liver fat through direct and indirect means. Chronic glucagon signalling deficiency is associated with hyperaminoacidaemia, hyperglucagonaemia and increased circulating levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21). Reduction in glucagon activity decreases hepatic amino acid and triglyceride catabolism; metabolic effects include improved glucose tolerance, increased plasma cholesterol and increased liver fat. Conversely, glucagon infusion in healthy volunteers leads to increased hepatic glucose output, decreased levels of plasma amino acids and increased urea production, decreased plasma cholesterol and increased energy expenditure. Patients with MASLD share many hormonal and metabolic characteristics with models of glucagon signalling deficiency, suggesting that they could be resistant to glucagon. Although there are few studies of the effects of glucagon infusion in patients with obesity and/or MASLD, there is some evidence that the expected effect of glucagon on amino acid catabolism may be attenuated. Taken together, this evidence supports the notion that glucagon resistance exists in patients with MASLD and may contribute to the pathogenesis of MASLD. Further studies are warranted to investigate the direct effects of glucagon on metabolism in patients with MASLD.
Covid-19 Implications to Transatlantic Security
Authors: Jakštaitė-Confortola Gerda
Published: April 2024

Although there were many disagreements in transatlantic relations before the COVIC-19, the pandemic accelerated tensions in transatlantic relations even more. The inauguration of the new US president Joe Biden, however, has been perceived as a new chapter in transatlantic relations. The paper aims to assess the COVID-19 pandemic implications to transatlantic relations and answer the question of whether the pandemic has strengthened or weakened the transatlantic security community? The paper stems from the idea that transatlantic countries compose a transatlantic security community. It examines the COVID-19 implications to several tiers of features that should be present in every security community: namely, implications to the perception of threats, patterns of communication and policy coordination, as well as to institutional framework. The paper argues that COVID-19 has not transformed the transatlantic security community; however, it highlighted certain problematic aspects of transatlantic relations.
Drug-induced AF: Arrhythmogenic Mechanisms and Management Strategies
Authors: Li Bingxun , Lin Mingjie , Wu Lin
Published: April 2024

AF is a prevalent condition that is associated with various modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors. Drug-induced AF, despite being commonly under-recognised, can be relatively easy to manage. Numerous cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular agents, including catecholaminergic agents, adenosine, anti-tumour agents and others, have been reported to induce AF. However, the mechanisms underlying drug-induced AF are diverse and not fully understood. The complexity of clinical scenarios and insufficient knowledge regarding drug-induced AF have rendered the management of this condition complicated, and current treatment guidelines follow those for other types of AF. Here, we present a review of the epidemiology of drug-induced AF and highlight a range of drugs that can induce or exacerbate AF, along with their molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms. Given the inadequate evidence and lack of attention, further research is crucial to underscore the clinical significance of drug-induced AF, clarify the underlying mechanisms and develop effective treatment strategies for the condition.
Relación Enfermera-Paciente Eficaz en Hemodiálisis: Un Análisis de Concepto
Authors: Fernández Moya Monserrat , Cantú Sánchez Claudia , Barreto Arias María Eugenia , Vega Argote María Gloria
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La comunicación enfermera – paciente y la relación interpersonal resultante de la misma, representan la base para crear un ambiente de confianza que favorezca el tratamiento médico y, por consecuencia, la realización de las metas personales del paciente y profesionales de la enfermera en el contexto del tratamiento de una enfermedad. Objetivo: Analizar el concepto de la relación enfermera paciente eficaz de los pacientes sometidos a terapia renal sustitutiva en hemodiálisis. Metodología: Estudio reflexivo realizado a través de la metodología propuesta por Walker y Avant, metodología en la que se examinan las características del concepto y sus atributos. El estudio se realizó a partir de la búsqueda de bases de datos de producciones científicas disponibles de noviembre del 2017 a enero del 2018. Resultados y Conclusión: El presente trabajo se elaboró para establecer una definición y compresión teórica de la relación enfermera paciente eficaz, el conocimiento de este fenómeno permitirá establecer líneas de acción y estrategias encaminadas hacia la construcción y fortalecimiento de la relación personal enfermera paciente para el establecimiento de metas y del cuidado integral de los pacientes sometidos a terapia renal sustitutiva en hemodiálisis.
¿Que sabemos del coronavirus (Covid-19)? Una revisión narrativa rápida
Authors: Palma Jara Mauricio
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tiene en su génesis la necesidad de dar respuesta a la pregunta que muchas personas se están realizando en la actualidad “¿Que sabemos del coronavirus (Covid-19), conocido como la Neumonía de Wuhan?”. Este nuevo virus ha sido bautizado en febrero del 2020 como “Covid-19” pero conocido a nivel mundial como “La neumonía de Wuhan”; tiene a la comunidad científica investigando sobre ella para poder conocerla en profundidad y enfrentarla con las medidas necesarias para contenerla. Este nuevo virus de China, se ha expandido por el continente asiático hacia Tailandia, Japón, Corea del Sur, Singapur, Vietnam, Taiwán, Nepal y los Estados Unidos. La llegada a Latinoamérica es inminente con el primer caso confirmado en Brasil. Este trabajo es una recopilación de los escasos de estudio que se encuentran disponibles sobre el Covid-19, debido a su reciente aparición entre el final del año 2019 e inicios del año 2020, pero que contiene información relevante sobre el nuevo virus: predisposición racial, persistencia de los virus en las superficies inanimadas, inactivación de coronavirus por agentes biocidas, tipos de transmisión, curso clínico de la enfermedad, métodos de diagnósticos tradicionales y kit de diagnóstico rápido, medidas de prevención, clasificación de los grados de neumonía, tipos de tratamientos y medidas no farmacológicas para la contención del virus en lugares concurridos, entre otras. En el transcurso de este trabajo, alrededor de la mitad del mes de febrero del año 2020, se reportan más de 2000 personas fallecidas y casi 74.000 personas infectadas en gran parte del mundo.
Desarrollo de la salud mental y percepción de los equipos y usuarios/as sobre la atención en la red en el norte de Chile
Authors: Retamales Zamora Francisca Javiera , Figueroa Muñoz Constanza , Castro Cofré Cindy , Vigueras Cherres Patricia
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: El presente trabajo da a conocer las distintas percepciones sobre la atención en salud que poseen los equipos de profesionales, los usuarios/as y familiares de la red de salud mental de Iquique. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo que sigue los principios de la bioética para la investigación; beneficencia, no maleficencia, justicia y autonomía . La muestra estuvo constituida por 45 personas, a partir de las variables en estudio: sexo, entre ellos, hombres, mujeres y disidencias sexuales; edad, distribuidos entre mayores y menores de 30 años y la relación con la atención de salud, ya sea profesional o usuario. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de 3 grupos focales. Se utilizó un guión desarrollado entre las investigadoras, profesionales y usuarios/as de la red. El análisis fue realizado a través del software para análisis cualitativo MAXQDA en base a una matriz de códigos preestablecidos y emergentes, comparando semejanzas y diferencias entre los grupos. Resultados: Los resultados reflejan diferencias y similitudes en sus discursos. Los profesionales manifiestan que para que se desarrolle una mejor atención, se necesita implementar en su totalidad el modelo comunitario. Sin embargo, los usuarios señalan que desde su experiencia, el abordaje asistencial sigue siendo desde el modelo biomédico, recibiendo una atención poco empática. Se relacionaron los resultados con la teoría de enfermería de Jean Watson. Conclusiones: El plan Nacional de Salud Mental considera un enfoque comunitario de atención. Sin embargo, el enfoque dominante aún es el biomédico. Para los usuarios se vuelve difícil el acceso a la atención. Es necesario reforzar el enfoque comunitario en salud mental y su financiamiento, con el fin de mejorar el acceso e intensificar las acciones intersectoriales en toda la red, generando espacios de atención y encuentro que puedan promover mejores vínculos entre profesionales y usuarios/as.
Organización y estrategias de respuesta de la Atención Primaria de Salud chilena en la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Serrano Garrido Camila , Navarrete Yáñez Bernardo
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Este trabajo analiza cómo se ha organizado la Atención Primaria de Salud chilena para enfrentar la pandemia COVID-19, a nivel de las prácticas de atención de los establecimientos. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo realizado entre 14 de junio y 03 de agosto de 2020, en el cual se aplica un cuestionario para conocer cómo han organizado la atención en torno a tres ejes: i) manejo de pacientes sospechosos y confirmados, ii) atención de público general y iii) protección al personal de salud. Métodos: Se envía cuestionario administrado con preguntas semi-estructuradas a través de formulario electrónico, a los 346 municipios de Chile; se recibe de vuelta 172 debidamente completados (50%), los que son tabulados en Excel y posteriormente analizados. Resultados: Informan detalladamente cambios estructurales en los procedimientos de los establecimientos para diversos fines, como: aislar a pacientes, filtros en los ingresos para pesquisar posibles casos y estrategias para evitar contacto con población no infectada; priorización de atenciones al interior de los centros, protección de personal de salud y ajustes de modalidades de trabajo en los equipos comunales, entre otros. Conclusiones: Los cambios en los procedimientos a modo de respuesta, involucran no sólo los lineamientos desde instancias superiores, sino también los aportes e iniciativas locales, que al mismo tiempo han permitido identificar aspectos críticos que requieren mayor atención.
Percepción de pacientes diabéticos sobre la atención recibida por el profesional de enfermería: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Romero Carvajal Teresa , Vargas Bascur Zaira , Abarca Vivanco Cynthia , Bianchetti Saavedra Andrés Felipe
Published: April 2024

En la actualidad, se reconoce que la participación usuaria en los procesos de atención de salud posee gran relevancia en la búsqueda de mejoras continuas y satisfacción, sobre todo con personas diabéticas, quienes requieren de mayores prestaciones de salud. Objetivo: Analizar la percepción que poseen los usuarios diabéticos sobre la atención recibida por el profesional de enfermería en Chile y a nivel internacional, en diferentes niveles de atención. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa, siguiendo el flujograma PRISMA. Los artículos fueron extraídos a través de tres bases de datos y un buscador respectivamente: Scielo, Redalyc, Elsevier y Google Scholar, obteniendo una muestra total de diez estudios, que tenían relación con la percepción de pacientes diabéticos sobre la atención recibida por el profesional de enfermería y la calidad de vida percibida a modo de repercusión por las atenciones. Resultados: Se evidenció que existe una percepción satisfactoria por parte de los pacientes diabéticos, lo que a su vez genera un mejor control metabólico de la enfermedad con repercusiones en la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Una percepción satisfactoria por parte de los pacientes diabéticos, genera un mejor control de su patología y por ende, una mejora en la calidad de vida. Es por esta razón, que el profesional de enfermería debe seguir potenciando aspectos como la amabilidad, dedicación, motivación y profesionalismo al momento de la entrega de cuidados centrados en contexto del paciente, incluyendo a la familia y ámbito emocional, con el fin de otorgar un cuidado holístico e integral.
Experiencia de Supervisoras de Internado de Enfermería respecto a su rol docente-asistencial: Una Investigación Fenomenológica
Authors: López Marín Alejandro , Osorio Pérez Angélica
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La presente investigación buscó comprender la experiencia de las supervisoras clínicas de una universidad pública chilena, respecto al rol docente-asistencial que ejercen durante el internado. Material y métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con un diseño fenomenológico, donde se realizaron seis entrevistas en profundidad. Resultados: El proceso de supervisión clínica cumple el rol de enseñar aspectos teóricos, procedimentales y actitudinales. Otra función importante, es la evaluación formativa y sumativa. Se evidenció que existe vocación y una percepción de responsabilidad por el rol de supervisora clínica. Por otra parte, existe escasa o nula vinculación con la entidad universitaria. Discusión y Conclusiones: La supervisión es un proceso que demanda vocación, responsabilidad y competencias propias de la función. Es necesario, mayor formación y capacitación. Además, es relevante generar lineamientos y establecer criterios más claros para las profesionales que ejercen esta función en los centros de salud.
Innovación, inteligencia artificial y su utilidad para la mejora del aprendizaje basado en evidencia
Authors: Palma Jara Mauricio
Published: April 2024

La innovación es el motor del desarrollo humano. Ha impulsado avances en todos los ámbitos de la vida, desde la tecnología, medicina, economía, educación, entre otras muchas disciplinas y ha contribuido a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas alrededor del mundo. En el ámbito educativo, la innovación es fundamental para preparar a los estudiantes para los desafíos del futuro. Los estudiantes necesitan adquirir las habilidades y el conocimiento necesarios para responder a los cambios constantes del mundo social y laboral. El objetivo es desarrollar los conceptos de innovación, inteligencia artificial y su utilidad para la mejora del aprendizaje basado en evidencia. Este enfoque tiene el potencial de mejorar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes y prepararlos robustamente para el mundo productivo. Relevando la importancia de la innovación en la educación superior, las ventajas de combinar técnicas de estudio basadas en evidencia con inteligencia artificial y los desafíos de implementar esta innovación en la educación superior.
Requirements Validation and its Impact in Software Quality in Use: A Case Study
Authors: Canchari Luis , Angeleri Paula Maria , Ramón Abraham Eliseo Dávila
Published: April 2024

In this study, the relationship between the improvement of software requirement quality and the software product quality in use was explored and analyzed. Analysis was based on the design of software product quality-in-use and the measure of metrics from ISO/IEC 25010 standard in two software products. The results show that the validation activities introduced in the software requirements stage have a positive relationship with the quality in use of the software products analyzed. In the software studied, it can be said that the improvement of the quality of the requirements has contributed to the improvement of the quality in use of software products.
Numerical and Experimental Study of the Hydrodynamics of a Heat Exchanger
Authors: Baymetova Elena Sergeevna , Mitryukova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2024

The work provides a comparative analysis of the results of numerical modeling and experimental studies of fluid flow in a heat exchanger (HE). The OpenFOAM package for solving CFD problems was used as a tool for numerical modeling. Experimental studies were carried out on the TMJ-2M hydraulic stand. The heat exchanger was connected directly to the modules of the hydraulic stand. Distilled water at room temperature was used as the working fluid. Verification of the experimental results was carried out on the basis of numerical modeling in the OpenFOAM package using the same characteristics of the media used in the field experiment. Analysis of the obtained data showed good convergence of the results of the numerical and experimental study of the multi-section HE.
Style Transfer as a Way to Improve the Generalization Ability of a Neural Network in an Object Detection Task
Authors: Karachev Denis Konstantinovich , Shtekhin Sergey Evgenievich , Tarasyan Vladimir Sergeevich , Smolin Ilya Urevich , Isakov Maksim Vladimirovich
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes the implementation of a neural network training approach for object detection, using augmentation - style transfer. This method improves the generalization ability of the neural network to determine the location of objects in the image by improving the interaction with low-level features such as textures, different colors and small changes in shapes. The effectiveness of the method is experimentally proved and the numerical values of the object detection metrics are demonstrated on several datasets with different classes. The application of augmentation is proposed using an unused before neural network architecture capable of carrying an arbitrary number of styles. The peculiarity of the approach is also that the weights of the neural network for styling are frozen and it is added to the graph of the detection network, which allows augmentation speed.
Present Tense of (–)char in the Young Written Shor Language
Authors: Esipova Alisa Vasil'yevna
Published: April 2024

The article analyzed the glossed corpus and concordance of the books “Sacred History ...” and Indication of the “Way to the Kingdom of Heaven ...”, which are publicly available on the LingvoDoc platform located at lingvodoc.ispras.ru. The books are samples of a weakly normalized young–written Shor language - a written version of the Kondom (Shor) dialect. The corpus revealed cases of differences in the language of the first books from the modern language that had not been previously described: a multivariate form of the present tense, combining analytical (kӧlep char-ï ‘bestows'), hyphenated, transitional to synthetic (pildir–char-ï ‘means’), and synthetic (aitchar or aitchar-ï ‘says’) verbal constructions with the same indicator (–)char(ï); elimination of the third person singular affix -ï in synthetic forms of the present tense on (–)char(ï); the processes of synthesizing this time form with an unstable spelling. Our task was to analyze the regularity of these phenomena, as well as the introduction into scientific circulation of materials of the little-studied young-written Shor language, which is now in danger of extinction, as well as the replenishment of the automatic Parser of the Shor language with the missing affixes of multivariate verb forms. It was found that there is a single form of present, with the affix –char, as a more complete form of the present tense affix -cha, formed from the verb chat– ‘to lie’; in analytical constructions, word forms with affix –ï predominate (83.3%), word forms without affix make up only 1.7%, in synthetic forms, the number of word forms without affix is already 45.4%. The rule of falling off -(I)p in the bases ending in a consonant has not yet been normalized and works sporadically; the spelling of the fused-separately multivariate form of the present tense on (–)char has not been normalized either.
Reflexes of Proto-Mongolian Vowels in South Mongolian Languages
Authors: Chushkaeva Zayana Igorevna
Published: April 2024

The Mongolian languages are a language family that includes several closely related languages of Mongolia, China, Russia and Afghanistan. According to lexicostatistics, they broke up around the 5th century AD. Dagur, Shira-Yugur, Dongxiang, Bao'an, Tu (Monguor) are commonly referred to as South Mongolian languages. The South Mongolian languages, in comparison with other groups of Mongolian languages, were influenced by Chinese and Turkic languages, various historical events had an undoubted influence on them.
Measuring Software Complexity using Indirect Coupling
Authors: Navas-Su Jose , Gonzalez-Torres Antonio
Published: April 2024

Software development can be a time-consuming and costly process that requires a significant amount of effort. Developers are often tasked with completing programming tasks or making modifications to existing code without increasing overall complexity. It is essential for them to understand the dependencies between the program components before implementing any changes. However, as code evolves, it becomes increasingly challenging for project managers to detect indirect coupling links between components. These hidden links can complicate the system, cause inaccurate effort estimates, and compromise the quality of the code. To address these challenges, this study aims to provide a set of measures that leverage measurement theory and hidden links between software components to expand the scope, effectiveness, and utility of accepted software metrics. The research focuses on two primary topics: (1) how indirect coupling measurements can aid developers with maintenance tasks and (2) how indirect coupling metrics can quantify software complexity and size, leveraging weighted differences across techniques. The study presents a comprehensive set of measures designed to assist developers and project managers with project management and maintenance activities. Using the power of indirect coupling measurements, these measures can enhance the quality and efficiency of software development and maintenance processes.
Static Analysis Based on the Unified Abstract Syntax Tree
Authors: Afanasyev Vitaly Olegovich , Borodin Alexey Evgenevich , Vihliancev Konstantin Igorevich , Belevantsev Andrey Andreevich
Published: April 2024

The paper describes a unified representation for an abstract syntax tree (AST) suitable for static analysis of several programming languages. The proposed analysis scheme consists of saving an intermediate representation in the form of a unified AST from compilers of the corresponding languages and subsequent analysis of the saved trees. We have implemented this described representation for Java, Kotlin and Python. The unified AST analyzer has 27 checkers. In the paper we present structure and entities of our unified AST, provide more details regarding language specifics that have to be reflected in the UAST representation. We give extensive experimental results that show UAST generation and analysis speed, analysis quality, and comparison with the old scheme of analyzing compiler ASTs where applicable. As a result, we see that we observe some degradation of analysis speed, but we pay it for the separation of AST construction and checkers’ implementation. This separation allows easier support of many languages in the analyzer, where one can just generate UAST and support the required checker once within the UAST infrastructure instead of implementing a checker once per language.
Classification of printed text on raster documents
Authors: Kopylov Daniil Evgenievich , Mikhailov Andrey Anatolievitch
Published: April 2024

When highlighting the logical structure of documents, a number of properties are used, one of which is the bold style of text words. In documents, headings, defined words, and column names in tables are often highlighted in bold. This paper proposes a method for classifying text by boldness, which consists of a sequence of steps. The first step is binarization of the entire image. The purpose of this step is to separate the image pixels into text and background pixels. The second step is to evaluate each word. The result is returned a value characterizing the thickness of the main stroke of the character in the given word. At the last step, the ratings are clustered into two clusters: bold text and regular. The proposed method was implemented and tested on three data sets, and the source code was published in an open repository.
Mundial de 1978: Política y técnica en la construcción del Estadio Ciudad de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Raffa Cecilia , Bianchi Pablo
Published: April 2024

En 1966, Argentina fue seleccionada como sede para la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 1978. Aunque la decisión precedió al golpe militar, el evento deportivo se empleó como distracción del contexto sociopolítico del país durante la dictadura cívico-militar, sin escatimar en recursos financieros o técnicos. En la provincia de Mendoza, la planificación del Estadio Mundialista había comenzado tras ser designada subsede. Sin embargo, en 1975, el proyecto en manos de arquitectos locales abandonó la esfera provincial cuando la Comisión Nacional de Apoyo al Mundial lo transfirió al estudio MSGSSV. Disciplinariamente, esto implicó la recuperación del control nacional sobre la gestión de obras públicas, rompiendo la "creciente autonomía técnica" provincial, incluso con financiamiento extra-provincial. Nos centramos en explorar las condiciones de ideación y ejecución del Estadio Ciudad de Mendoza, en la capital de la provincia homónima. Buscamos delinear el papel desempeñado por la Dirección de Arquitectura y Planeamiento antes de su separación del proyecto; analizar la interacción entre los diversos equipos técnicos y los comandos cívico-militares, y comprender cómo operó el capital simbólico de los agentes involucrados en la autoría del proyecto. Nuestra propuesta de abordaje sigue el método histórico, basándonos en el análisis de fuentes documentales y gráficas generadas por técnicos, políticos y la prensa local.
Towards the development of an electrochemical random access DNA memory (e-RADM)
Authors: Jimenez-Munoz Miguel A. , Wood Christopher , Wälti Christoph
Published: April 2024

As a result of the exponentially growing amount of information being produced, new data storage solutions are required. DNA has attracted significant attention as a potential data storage medium thanks to several intrinsic properties, such as ultrahigh physical information density with up to 2 bits per nucleotide. Current DNA-based memories rely on sequencing strategies for data recovery. However, sequencing all DNA strands for data retrieval would be very time consuming and thus result in high levels of latency. Therefore, random access strategies are required to make DNA-based data storage a viable alternative. Here, we present our first steps towards the development of a compartmentalized electrochemical random access DNA memory (e-RADM) using cascade reactions controlled by DNA nanostructures immobilized on gold microelectrode arrays which will be triggered when a specific information retrieval query is put into the system. Electrodes containing the desired information can then be identified by Square Wave Voltammetry.

Graphical abstract
Haggis — Pudding
Authors: Martellotti Anna
Published: April 2024

The article outlines the long history of pudding and haggis, now cherished as symbols of English and Scottish food traditions, to identify the unbroken line that links English cuisine to the Arab-Persian tradition, and the central role of Norman Sicily in the flowering of European gastronomy.
Gillian Riley: Food in Art: From Prehistory to the Renaissance
Authors: Moyer-Nocchi Karima
Published: April 2024

Gillian Riley: Food in Art: From Prehistory to the Renaissance: Reaktion Books, 2015: 288 pp., hardback, £30.
Volker Bach: The Kitchen, Food, and cooking in Reformation Germany
Authors: MacDonogh Giles
Published: April 2024

Volker Bach: The Kitchen, Food, and cooking in Reformation Germany: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016: 218 pp., hardback, £69.45.
Życie i działalność naukowo-dydaktyczna ks. dr. hab. Andrzeja Garbarza, prof. UR
Authors: Matyskiewicz Wiesław
Published: April 2024

Ks. dr hab. Andrzej Garbarz, prof. UR (1953–2022) to postać związana szczególnie z Uniwersytetem Rzeszowskim oraz wieloma ośrodkami naukowymi w Polsce i za granicą. Współpracował z Uniwersytetem Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie (wcześniej Akademią Teologii Katolickiej), Katolickim Uniwersytetem Lubelskim w Lublinie, Uniwersytetem Papieskim Jana Pawła II w Krakowie (wcześnie Papieską Akademią Teologiczną), Wyższą Szkołą Informatyki i Zarządzania w Rzeszowie oraz Państwową Wyższą Szkołą Zawodową w Sanoku. Pracował w diecezji przemyskiej i rzeszowskiej. Najdłużej był związany z diecezją rzeszowską, w której był długoletnim dyrektorem Instytutu Teologiczno-Pastoralnego im. św. Józefa Sebastiana Pelczara. Jego życie i działalność zawarto w trzech rozdziałach – biografia naukowa, działalność dydaktyczno-organizacyjna i działalność naukowa. Sporządzono również bibliografię chronologiczną Jego prac naukowych.
Possibilities and methods of using distance learning applications in school practice
Authors: Pawłowska Andżelika , Tuczyński Krystian
Published: April 2024

The article presents the possibilities and methods of using applications supporting distance learning. The issues focus on the main others in addition to ICT in the field of didactics of early childhood and preschool education. Part one is a market overview of the children’s ICT development market. Based on parts of the study, solutions were developed which, in the opinion of experts (taking into account age and developmental possibilities), can mostly be used in the first educational age. The last of the main parts of the article, conclusions and recommendations for teachers in the field of comprehensive use of ICT in the educational process.
Rozwijanie myślenia komputacyjnego w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej
Authors: Warchoł Tomasz , Solecka Marta
Published: April 2024

W artykule zaprezentowano współczesne zmiany zachodzące w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej pod wpływem oddziaływania technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych (TIK). W ramach tych zmian przedstawiono modyfikacje sposobu prowadzenia procesu edukacyjnego, jak również procesu uczenia się uczniów. Autorzy skupili się na skonfrontowaniu założeń podstawy programowej z rozwojem TIK w kontekście myślenia komputacyjnego. W artykule wyjaśniono zagadnienie procesu myślenia komputacyjnego na podstawie aktualnej literatury, jak również przedstawiono obecne rozwiązania metodyczne w zakresie wykorzystania środków dydaktycznych umożliwiających wsparcie rozwoju myślenia komputacyjnego w edukacji wczesnoszkolnej.
Patriotism in the perspective of 20-, 40- and 60-year-olds in Podkarpacie Voivodeship
Authors: Lulek Barbara
Published: April 2024

Patriotism is a category defining human life aimed at the common good. It depicts the emotional bond of individuals with their homeland and the sense of social and cultural bond with fellow citizens. It is based on universal values, including openness to other people, care and responsibility for the community, respect for history and national culture. The political, social and cultural changes taking place reveal new faces of love for one’s homeland, which is why there is a need to reflect on the ways of understanding patriotism. Guided by these premises, this study presents ways of defining the concept of patriotism by three successive generations of Podkarpacie residents, i.e. young adults, middle-aged people and seniors. Seven areas of understanding patriotism were taken into account – historical, territorial, cultural, ethical, emotional, economic and ecological as well as numerous categories within them. The research was carried out in the paradigm of quantitative research on a representative group.