bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modal Petrology and Mineral Chemistry of the <1 mm Size Fraction of Lunar Regolith in Apollo 17 Drive Tube Section 73002
Authors: Simon S. B. , Cato M. J. , Shearer C. K. ,   the ANGSA Science Team
Published: January 2024

The Apollo 17 mission returned samples from the Taurus‐Littrow Valley of the Moon. Key features of the site are a basaltic valley floor partially enclosed by South Massif and North Massif mountains and the Sculptured Hills, which consist of feldspar‐rich highland lithologies. A recently opened soil core sampled an inferred landslide deposit at the base of South Massif. Study of a suite of polished grain mounts of six size fractions of <1 mm material from 14 depth intervals of the ∼18 cm soil column shows that all size fractions from the upper 5–6 cm are richer in agglutinates, an indicator of surface exposure, than the deeper material, which is among the most agglutinate‐poor Apollo 17 regolith reported. Regolith breccia, crystalline melt breccia, and noritic igneous rocks are the most abundant fragment types. Nonmare rock types found range from anorthosites to ultramafic rocks and include rare types such as dunites, pyroxenites, and granitic fragments rich in potassium feldspar and silica. Mare basalt, glasses, and agglutinates are minor components throughout. The observations are consistent with the deposition of the highland‐dominated material in a landslide, which did not preserve any previous stratigraphy, followed by in situ maturation, with only minor additions of mare lithologies from nearby basaltic regolith, due to the inefficiency of lateral transport on the Moon.
Breathing Phenomenon of Soil Desiccation Cracking: Insights From Novel Geophysical Observations
Authors: Xu Jin‐Jian , Tang Chao‐Sheng , Yang Yaowen , Li Lin , Zhang Hao , Cheng Qing , Zhang Xi‐Ying , Liu Bo , Shi Bin
Published: January 2024

Drought‐induced soil desiccation cracking is a common natural phenomenon on the earth surface, which plays a significant role in influencing the hydro‐mechanical behavior of soils across various earthen engineering applications. However, there is still a scarcity of related studies investigating how field soil desiccation cracking responds to climate action. This study develops an innovative geophysical monitoring framework for investigating field desiccation cracking behaviors by utilizing the distributed fiber optical sensing (DFOS) technique based on optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). The feasibility and significant potential of the DFOS‐OFDR framework in advancing soil desiccation cracking research is demonstrated through the implementation of field monitoring tests. The results not only indicate that the strain distribution curves of fiber optic cables at different depths provide insights into the soil shrinkage characteristics and the crack localization capability but also demonstrate the early detection capability of the DFOS‐OFDR framework for soil desiccation cracking from a visual perspective. Importantly, the field monitoring tests reveal that under the influence of climate change, desiccation cracking exhibits a distinctive pattern of periodic propagation and narrowing. This intriguing phenomenon is referred to as “soil crack breathing.” Additionally, the DFOS‐OFDR framework exhibits enhanced sensitivity in sensing the soil crack breathing phenomenon than visual observation methods. This innovative geophysical monitoring framework not only enables real‐time observation, continuous measurement, and high‐resolution characterization of soil desiccation cracking behavior but also serves as a valuable high‐precision observational method for investigating the complex soil‐atmosphere interactions under the influence of climate change.
Efficacy of MRI data harmonization in the age of machine learning: a multicenter study across 36 datasets
Authors: Marzi Chiara , Giannelli Marco , Barucci Andrea , Tessa Carlo , Mascalchi Mario , Diciotti Stefano
Published: January 2024

Pooling publicly-available MRI data from multiple sites allows to assemble extensive groups of subjects, increase statistical power, and promote data reuse with machine learning techniques. The harmonization of multicenter data is necessary to reduce the confounding effect associated with non-biological sources of variability in the data. However, when applied to the entire dataset before machine learning, the harmonization leads to data leakage, because information outside the training set may affect model building, and potentially falsely overestimate performance. We propose a 1) measurement of the efficacy of data harmonization; 2) harmonizer transformer, i.e., an implementation of the ComBat harmonization allowing its encapsulation among the preprocessing steps of a machine learning pipeline, avoiding data leakage by design. We tested these tools using brain T1-weighted MRI data from 1740 healthy subjects acquired at 36 sites. After harmonization, the site effect was removed or reduced, and we showed the data leakage effect in predicting individual age from MRI data, highlighting that introducing the harmonizer transformer into a machine learning pipeline allows for avoiding data leakage by design.
Urban water and electricity demand data for understanding climate change impacts on the water-energy nexus
Authors: Obringer Renee , Nateghi Roshanak , Knee Jessica , Madani Kaveh , Kumar Rohini
Published: January 2024

As the climate crisis intensifies, it is becoming increasingly important to conduct research aimed at fully understanding the climate change impacts on various infrastructure systems. In particular, the water-electricity demand nexus is a growing area of focus. However, research on the water-electricity demand nexus requires the use of demand data, which can be difficult to obtain, especially across large spatial extents. Here, we present a dataset containing over a decade (2007–2018) of monthly water and electricity consumption data for 46 major US cities (2018 population >250,000). Additionally, we include pre-processed climate data from the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) to supplement studies on the relationship between the water-electricity demand nexus and the local climate. This data can be used for a number of studies that require water and/or electricity demand data across long time frames and large spatial extents. The data can also be used to evaluate the possible impacts of climate change on the water-electricity demand nexus by leveraging the relationship between the observed values.
Cognitive effects on experienced duration and speed of time, prospectively, retrospectively, in and out of lockdown
Authors: Nicolaï Cyril , Chaumon Maximilien , van Wassenhove Virginie
Published: January 2024

Psychological time is influenced by multiple factors such as arousal, emotion, attention and memory. While laboratory observations are well documented, it remains unclear whether cognitive effects on time perception replicate in real-life settings. This study exploits a set of data collected online during the Covid-19 pandemic, where participants completed a verbal working memory (WM) task in which their cognitive load was manipulated using a parametric n-back (1-back, 3-back). At the end of every WM trial, participants estimated the duration of that trial and rated the speed at which they perceived time was passing. In this within-participant design, we initially tested whether the amount of information stored in WM affected time perception in opposite directions depending on whether duration was estimated prospectively (i.e., when participants attend to time) or retrospectively (i.e., when participants do not attend to time). Second, we tested the same working hypothesis for the felt passage of time, which may capture a distinct phenomenology. Third, we examined the link between duration and speed of time, and found that short durations tended to be perceived as fast. Last, we contrasted two groups of individuals tested in and out of lockdown to evaluate the impact of social isolation. We show that duration and speed estimations were differentially affected by social isolation. We discuss and conclude on the influence of cognitive load on various experiences of time.
Genomic analysis of vB_PaS-HSN4 bacteriophage and its antibacterial activity (in vivo and in vitro) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn
Authors: Rafiei Solmaz , Bouzari Majid
Published: January 2024

The most frequent infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are local infections in soft tissues, including burns. Today, phage use is considered a suitable alternative to cure infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria. We investigated the potential of a novel phage (vB_PaS-HSN4) belonging to Caudoviricetes class, against XDR and MDR P. aeruginosa strains in vivo and in vitro. Its biological and genetic characteristics were investigated. The phage burst size and latent were 119 and 20 min, respectively. It could tolerate a broad range of salt concentrations, pH values, and temperatures. The combination with ciprofloxacin significantly enhanced biofilm removal after 24 h. The genome was dsDNA with a size of 44,534 bp and encoded 61 ORFs with 3 tRNA and 5 promoters. No virulence factor was observed in the phage genome. In the in vivo infection model, treatment with vB_PaS-HSN4 increased Galleria mellonella larvae survival (80%, 66%, and 60%) (MOI 100) and (60%, 40%, and 26%) (MOI 1) in the pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment experiments, respectively. Based on these characteristics, it can be considered for the cure of infections of burns caused by P. aeruginosa.
Multiple wave scattering by submerged obstacles in an infinite channel of finite depth with surface pressure excess
Authors: Abou-Dina M. S. , Ghaleb A. F. , Abdelrahman N. S.
Published: January 2024

The objective is to study the combined effect of an incident wave, a surface pressure excess and a finite number of submerged obstacles, in the phenomenon of power transfer to an infinite fluid layer of finite depth. The incident wave and the surface pressure excess have the same harmonic time dependence, a fact that allows to eliminate time altogether and consider only steady-state solutions. The surface pressure excess simulates the effect of winds blowing above the water surface in oceans. The technique used in a first part of the paper relying upon the use of finite Fourier transform and separation of variables is extended here to this end. The method allows to separate local perturbations from progressive or standing wave. Our formulae yield the exact solution in closed form in the absence of obstacles, and provide a clearer insight into the flow properties, as compared to previous investigations. Applications are given for discontinuous surface pressure functions. We put in evidence solutions with no outgoing waves, for which the energy transmitted by the surface pressure is exhausted in generating a standing wave, together with local perturbations. Two numerical applications without/with obstacles, for a parabolic surface pressure profile, allow to assess the energy transfer from the pressure-obstacles system to the fluid. The results may be of interest in the field of oscillating water columns and, generally, water power converting technology.
Expression of semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) in breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Andryszak Natalia , Kurzawa Paweł , Krzyżaniak Monika , Ruchała Marek , Nowicki Michał , Iżycki Dariusz , Czepczyński Rafał
Published: January 2024

Breast cancer is a major health concern, and its accurate diagnosis and management depend on identifying its histological type and biological subtype. Semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A) is a membrane protein with diverse roles in cellular processes, including cancer progression and angiogenesis regulation. However, its role in breast cancer remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate SEMA3A expression in breast cancer and investigate its distribution across breast cancer subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed on 98 breast cancer patients' tumor specimens, and SEMA3A expression was assessed in tumor cells and vessels. The study included the analysis of the Ki67 proliferation index, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, progesterone receptor (PR) expression, and HER2 status in conjunction with SEMA3A expression. Analysis indicated positive expression of SEMA3A in breast cancer cells in 60 out of 98 cases. SEMA3A expression correlated positively with Ki67 levels in tumor cells (p = 0.0005, R Spearman 0.338). Notably, a negative correlation was found between SEMA3A expression and ER and PR levels in tumor cells (p = 0.04, Spearman's R = − 0.21 and p = 0.016, Spearman's R = − 0.25 respectively). HER2 status did not significantly influence SEMA3A expression. The study demonstrated positive SEMA3A expression in tumor vessels across all subtypes in 91 out of 98 cases, suggesting its involvement in endothelial cell function. However, no significant differences in SEMA3A expression were observed between breast cancer subtypes either in vessels or tumor cells. These findings suggest that elevated SEMA3A expression may be associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer, especially in ER- and PR-negative tumors. Further investigations are warranted to fully comprehend the role of SEMA3A in breast cancer biology, which may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.
Biomarkers of coagulation, endothelial, platelet function, and fibrinolysis in patients with COVID-19: a prospective study
Authors: S.B. Manoj Job , Chacko Binila , Selvarajan Sushil , Peter John Victor , Geevar Tulasi , Dave Rutvi Gautam , Georgy Josh Thomas , Zachariah Anand , George Tina , Sathyendra Sowmya , Hansdak Samuel George , Krishnaswami Rajiv Karthik , Thangakunam Balamugesh , Gupta Richa , Karuppusami Reka , Nair Sukesh Chandran , Srivastava Alok
Published: January 2024

Prospective and sequential evaluation of homeostatic changes leading to thrombosis across COVID 19 disease severity spectrum are limited. In this prospective observational study, haemostasis was evaluated in patients with mild, moderate-severe, and critical COVID-19 infection. Markers of endothelial activation [Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), von Willebrand Factor (VWF)], platelet activation [Soluble P-selectin, beta-thromboglobulin (BTG)] and global haemostasis [Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM)] were evaluated on days 1 and 5 after admission. The study cohort comprised of 100 adult patients (mild = 20, moderate-severe = 22, critical = 58). Sixty-five patients received anticoagulation for 10 (7–14) days. Thrombotic events were seen in 9 patients. In-hospital mortality was 21%. Endothelial activation markers were elevated at baseline in all subgroups, with levels in moderate-severe (sTM = 4.92 ng/ml, VWF = 295 U/dl) [reference-ranges: sTM = 2.26–4.55 ng/ml; Soluble P-selectin = 13.5–31.5 ng/ml; BTG = 0.034–1.99 ng/ml] and critical patients (sTM = 6.07 ng/ml, VWF = 294 U/dl) being significantly higher than in the mild group (sTM = 4.18 ng/ml, VWF = 206 U/dl). In contrast, platelet activation markers were elevated only in critically ill patients at baseline (Soluble P-selectin = 37.3 ng/ml, BTG = 2.51 ng/ml). The critical group had significantly lower fibrinolysis on days 1 and 5 when compared with the moderate-severe arm. COVID-19 infection was associated with graded endothelial activation and lower fibrinolysis that correlated with illness severity.
Clamping-mediated incorporation of single-stranded DNA with concomitant DNA synthesis by Taq polymerase involves nick-translation
Authors: Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Kawahara Syoutaro , Nagata Yuji
Published: January 2024

The development and characterization of a new enzyme reaction contribute to advancements in modern biotechnology. Here, we report a novel CIS (clamping-mediated incorporation of single-stranded DNA with concomitant DNA synthesis) reaction catalyzed by Taq polymerase. In the reaction, a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with 3′ Cs is attached with a preformed 3′ G-tail of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA); DNA syntheses starting from both 3′ ends result in the incorporation of ssDNA. A 3′ G-tail length of 3 nucleotides adequately supports this reaction, indicating that Taq polymerase can clump short Watson–Crick base pairs as short as three pairs and use them to initiate DNA polymerization. The reverse transcriptase from Molony murine leukemia virus catalyzes strand displacement synthesis and produces flapped-end DNA, whereas the reaction by Taq polymerase involves the nick translation. These new reaction properties may be beneficial for the development of new molecular tools applicable in various fields. Apart from its CIS reaction activity, we also report that Taq polymerase has the undesirable characteristic of removing 5' fluorescent labels from dsDNA. This characteristic may have compromised various experiments involving the preparation of fluorescently-labeled dsDNA by PCR for a long time.
Analysis of public opinion on employment issues using a combined approach: a case study in China
Authors: Chen Chang-Feng , He Heng-Yu , Tong Yu-Xing , Chen Xue-Lin
Published: January 2024

To analyze the public opinion related to the employment situation, a combined approach is proposed to study the valuable ideas from social media. Firstly, the popularity of public opinion was analyzed according to the time series from a statistical point of view. Secondly, the feature extraction was carried out on the public opinion information, and the thematic analysis of the employment environment was carried out based on the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model. Thirdly, the Bert model was used to analyze the sentiment classification and trend of the employment-related public opinion data. Finally, the employment public opinion texts in different regions were studied based on the spatial sequence popularity analysis, keyword difference analysis. A case study in China is conducted to verify the effectiveness of proposed combined approach. Results shown that the popularity of employment public opinion reached the highest level in March 2022. Public opinions towards employment situation are negative. There is a specific relationship between the popularity of employment public opinion in different provinces.
Dietary insulin index, dietary insulin load and dietary patterns and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Hoveyzeh Cohort Study
Authors: Elyasi Leila , Borazjani Fatemeh , Ahmadi Angali Kambiz , Hosseini Seyed Ahmad , Saki Nader
Published: January 2024

Postprandial insulin secretion has been associated with metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between dietary insulin indices and dietary pattern with the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The participants of the present cross-sectional study were included among the individuals who participated in the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study (HCS). A total of 3905 Iranian adults, aged 35–70 years, are included in the current analysis. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is used to calculate the dietary Insulin Index (DII), Insulin Load (DIL), and dietary pattern. Dietary pattern was derived using Reduced-Rank Regression (RRR) based on intake of protein (g/day), fiber (g/day), fat (g/day), magnesium (mg/day), and dietary insulin index were considered as response variables. The Generalized Linear Model was used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for MetS based on gender, while considering quartiles of DIL, DII scores, and dietary pattern, adjusted for potential confounders. The mean ± SD of age and BMI of the participants in the top quartile of DIL were 45.72 ± 8.05 years and 28.25 ± 5.02 kg/m2, respectively. The mean ± SD of DII was 40.53 ± 4.06 and the mean ± SD of DIL was 117,986.1 ± 30,714.06. A significant positive association was observed between DIL and MetS in women after adjusting for confounding factors (OR: 1.51; 95% CI 1.16; 1.96). No significant association was seen between DIL, DII, and MetS among men. A derived dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, sugar, sweet deserts, Whole Grains, and dairy was associated with an increased risk of MetS in adjusted model2 among women (OR: 1.41; 95% CI 1.13; 1.75) and men in the same model (OR: 2.09; 95% CI 1.35; 3.21).However, the final model was significant just for men (OR: 2.08; 95% CI 1.35; 3.21) and not for women (OR: 1.24; 95% CI 0.96; 1.60). Our findings showed that adherence to a diet with a high insulin load can increase the risk of MetS in women. In addition, a derived dietary pattern by RRR indicated that a diet rich in fruits, sugar, sweet deserts, whole Grains, and dairy is related to increased risk of MetS in both men and women.
Optimizing the performance of convolutional neural network for enhanced gesture recognition using sEMG
Authors: Ashraf Hassan , Waris Asim , Gilani Syed Omer , Shafiq Uzma , Iqbal Javaid , Kamavuako Ernest Nlandu , Berrouche Yaakoub , Brüls Olivier , Boutaayamou Mohamed , Niazi Imran Khan
Published: January 2024

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated higher performance results when compared to traditional approaches for implementing robust myoelectric control (MEC) systems. However, the delay induced by optimising a MEC remains a concern for real-time applications. As a result, an optimised DNN architecture based on fine-tuned hyperparameters is required. This study investigates the optimal configuration of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based MEC by proposing an effective data segmentation technique and a generalised set of hyperparameters. Firstly, two segmentation strategies (disjoint and overlap) and various segment and overlap sizes were studied to optimise segmentation parameters. Secondly, to address the challenge of optimising the hyperparameters of a DNN-based MEC system, the problem has been abstracted as an optimisation problem, and Bayesian optimisation has been used to solve it. From 20 healthy people, ten surface electromyography (sEMG) grasping movements abstracted from daily life were chosen as the target gesture set. With an ideal segment size of 200 ms and an overlap size of 80%, the results show that the overlap segmentation technique outperforms the disjoint segmentation technique (p-value < 0.05). In comparison to manual (12.76 ± 4.66), grid (0.10 ± 0.03), and random (0.12 ± 0.05) search hyperparameters optimisation strategies, the proposed optimisation technique resulted in a mean classification error rate (CER) of 0.08 ± 0.03 across all subjects. In addition, a generalised CNN architecture with an optimal set of hyperparameters is proposed. When tested separately on all individuals, the single generalised CNN architecture produced an overall CER of 0.09 ± 0.03. This study's significance lies in its contribution to the field of EMG signal processing by demonstrating the superiority of the overlap segmentation technique, optimizing CNN hyperparameters through Bayesian optimization, and offering practical insights for improving prosthetic control and human–computer interfaces.
Misalignment of center of foveal avascular zone and center of photoreceptors in eyes with history of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Maruko Ichiro , Irie Kotaro , Hasegawa Taiji , Takagi Manami , Iida Tomohiro
Published: January 2024

To determine the relationship between the center of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the center of the foveal photoreceptors in eyes with a history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). To accomplish this, we reviewed the medical records of patients with ROP who were examined at the ROP Clinic of the Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital. We studied 43 eyes of 23 children with ROP and 67 eyes of 36 control children without any fundus abnormalities. The optical coherence tomography angiographic (OCTA) en face images were used to measure the size and location of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and cross-sectional OCT images to measure the central retinal thickness (CRT). Our results showed that the size of the FAZ was significantly smaller in the ROP group (0.200 ± 0.142 mm2) than in the control group (0.319 ± 0.085 mm2; P < 0.01). The CRT was significantly thicker in the ROP group (228 ± 30 µm) than in the control group (189 ± 13 µm; P < 0.01). The mean length of the foveal bulge was not significantly different between the two groups. The actual distance of the misalignment between the center of the FAZ and the center of the photoreceptors was significantly greater in the ROP group (50.4 ± 29.5 µm) than in the control group (39.6 ± 21.9 µm; P = 0.001). The correlations between the actual distance of misalignment and the size of the FAZ, CRT, and length of the foveal bulge in both groups were not significant. Despite the significant misalignment in eyes with a history of ROP, the center of the foveal photoreceptors was consistently located within the narrow FAZ which indicates that the development of the FAZ and photoreceptor formation are interrelated.
Effect of norepinephrine, vasopressin, and dopamine for survivals of the elderly with sepsis and pre-existing heart failure
Authors: Zhu Baohua , Jiang Jie , Yu Hui , Huang Lan , Zhou Dandan
Published: January 2024

Our study focused on evaluating the effect of three common vasoactive drugs on the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis and pre-existing heart failure. The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database, Version 1.4, was used. Our study included critically ill older patients (aged ≥ 65 years) with sepsis and heart failure treated with vasoactive drugs. Patients were divided into norepinephrine group, norepinephrine combined with vasopressin group, and dopamine group. The baseline characteristics, primary outcome, and secondary outcome measures were compared among the three groups. In total, 1357 elderly patients were included (766 in norepinephrine group, 250 in norepinephrine combined with vasopressin group, and 341 in dopamine group). After propensity score matching, statistically significant differences in 28-d and 90-d mortality (P = 0.046, P = 0.031) were observed; meanwhile, there was a significant difference in the incidence of mechanical ventilation, AKI, and malignant arrhythmias. Cox regression analysis revealed that norepinephrine combined with vasopressin decreased 5-year survival statistically(P = 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated dopamine as an independent risk factor in reducing ICU and hospital length of stay (P = 0.001, P = 0.017). Logistic regression analysis showed dopamine was an independent risk factor for new-onset arrhythmias (P < 0.001), while norepinephrine combined with vasopressin was an independent risk factor for new-onset malignant arrhythmias (P < 0.001). Norepinephrine in combination with vasopressin decreased survival and increased the incidence of malignant arrhythmias in elderly sepsis patients with pre-existing heart failure. Dopamine alone reduces ICU and hospital length of stay but increases the new-onset arrhythmias.
Circular RNA DNAH14 molecular mechanism in an experimental model of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with Cobalt chloride to mimic the hypoxia-like response of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
Authors: Liao Qiuling , Xia Weiping , Chen Jiawen , Wang Kangning , Xiao Enhua
Published: January 2024

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the primary local treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Numerous studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in TACE efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the function of circular RNA DNAH14 (circDNAH14) in TACE for HCC and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms. To simulate hypoxia conditions experienced during TACE, HCC cells were treated with cobalt chloride. The expression levels of circDNAH14, microRNA-508-3p (miR-508-3p), and Prothymosin Alpha (PTMA) were modulated via transfection for knockdown or overexpression. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assays, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays, along with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) evaluations, were employed to assess cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and EMT. The results indicated that hypoxia treatment downregulated the expression of circDNAH14 and PTMA while upregulating miR-508-3p. Such treatment suppressed HCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, and induced apoptosis. Knockdown of circDNAH14 or PTMA intensified the suppressive effects of hypoxia on the malignant behaviors of HCC cells. Conversely, upregulation of miR-508-3p or PTMA mitigated the effects of circDNAH14 overexpression and knockdown, respectively. Mechanistically, circDNAH14 was found to competitively bind to miR-508-3p, thereby regulating PTMA expression. In vivo, nude mouse xenograft experiments demonstrated that circDNAH14 knockdown augmented the hypoxia-induced suppression of HCC tumor growth. In conclusion, circDNAH14 mitigates the suppressive effects of hypoxia on HCC, both in vitro and in vivo, by competitively binding to miR-508-3p and regulating PTMA expression.
Amyloid engineering – how terminal capping modifies morphology and secondary structure of supramolecular peptide aggregates
Authors: Grelich-Mucha Manuela , Bachelart Thomas , Torbeev Vladimir , Ożga Katarzyna , Berlicki Łukasz , Olesiak-Bańska Joanna
Published: January 2024

The functional groups at N- and C-termini of amyloidogenic peptides were found to be key determinants of peptide self-assembly.
Mild and selective transformations of amines and alcohols through bioinspired oxidation with nitrous oxide or oxygen
Authors: Lobo Sacchelli Bruce A. , Almeida Ruben S. M. , Mahmoud Abdallah G. , Nesterov Dmytro S. , Andrade Leandro H. , Faisca Phillips Ana M. M. , Alegria Elisabete C. B. A. , Prechtl Martin H. G.
Published: January 2024

Herein we report on the biomimetic catalytic oxidation of amines to nitriles and alcohols to aldehydes.
Boosting the catalytic performance of Al2O3-supported Pd catalysts by introducing CeO2 promoters
Authors: Han Xiaoxiao , Zhang Lingling , Zhang Rui , Wang Ke , Wang Xiao , Li Bo , Tao Zhiping , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: January 2024

We prepared Al2O3-CeO2-Pd catalysts containing trace amounts of Ce, which achieved 100% CO conversion at 160 °C and remained active during the 35 h durability test. This work provides ideas for designing highly active and stable catalytic materials.
Broadband short-wave near-infrared-emitting phosphor MgNb2O6:Cr3+ for pc-LED applications
Authors: Yu Dechao , Ding Qingyang , Shen Tiantian , Qiu Liang , He Fanquan , Han Xinxin , Song Enhai , Zhuang Songlin , Zhang Dawei
Published: January 2024

Novel MgNb2O6:Cr3+ phosphors (Dq/B ∼ 1.65) yield broadband short-wave NIR emission peaking at 970 nm (FWHM = 155 nm, IQE ∼85.5%, EQE ∼25.2%). A self-built pc-LED works well for bioimaging, nondestructive detection, intelligent identification, etc.
Enhanced thermally stable performance of Pr3+-doped vanadate phosphor by inhibiting the intervalence charge transfer quenching channel
Authors: Liu Jianxia , Yang Chunwei , Chai Hong , Xin Yanmei , Qu Song , Guo Ning
Published: January 2024

The V/P substitution suppresses the quenching channels of IVCT, thereby enhancing the thermal stability of the phosphor.
Cationic charge effect of glutamine repulsion adsorbate on Li metal surfaces for highly stable lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Lee Chaehyeong , Kim Jin Won , Lee Jaeyoung
Published: January 2024

Glutamine as an electrolyte additive effectively suppresses Li dendrite formation by providing uniform Li ion flux on the Li surface, and acts as a redox mediator of lithium polysulfides, resulting in superior cycle stability and specific capacity.
Disruption and recovery of outdoor bioaerosols before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak at a campus in Central China: pathogen composition, particle size distribution, influencing factors, and exposure risk
Authors: Wang Yanjie , Zhu Haoran , Zhang Song , Yang Kai , Liu Yang , Lai Bisheng , Yu Fangfang
Published: January 2024

With the evolving dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak, this study investigates variations in bioaerosols at various sampling points in the outdoor environment of a campus before, during, and after COVID-19, along with a corresponding risk assessment.
Emerging investigator series: impacts of land use on dissolved organic matter quality in agricultural watersheds: a molecular perspective
Authors: A. Sethumadhavan , T. Liang , V. Mangal
Published: January 2024

In aquatic systems, dissolved organic matter (DOM) has important ecological and biogeochemical functions, where the molecular composition of DOM has larger-scale implications for climate change and global carbon cycles.
Super stable evaporators based on upcycled self-healing adsorbents for wastewater regeneration
Authors: Li Meng , Guo Hongmin , Xiao Yumeng , Liu Sichen , Lu Yifan , Wang Lidong , James Tony D.
Published: January 2024

Establishing a self-healing platform for the removal and resource recovery of heavy metals, enabling heavy metal-free drinking water.
Highly sensitive spectral measurement of rubidium isotopes using open multi-pass cell in tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Qi Gang , Huang Yin-Bo , Huang Jun , Lu Xing-Ji , Yang Tao , Cao Zhen-Song
Published: January 2024

An open multi-pass cell was constructed to extend the interaction distance between the light and Rb atoms in the TDLAS measurement system. Compared with single-path direct absorption, the SNR of the system was improved by 3.8 times.
A comparative study of two aldehyde dehydrogenases from Sphingobium sp.: the substrate spectrum and catalytic mechanism
Authors: Chen Siyi , Zhou Jieyu , Gu Xiangyuan , Ni Ye
Published: January 2024

SpALDH1 and SpALDH2 from Sphingobium sp. SYK-6 exhibit distinct enzymatic properties. Computational simulation reveals that the different substrate specificity could be attributed to the hydrophobicity of substrate binding pockets.
Complete characterization of RNA biomarker fingerprints using a multi-modal ATR-FTIR and SERS approach for label-free early breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Shuyan , Wu Steve Qing Yang , Hum Melissa , Perumal Jayakumar , Tan Ern Yu , Lee Ann Siew Gek , Teng Jinghua , Dinish U. S. , Olivo Malini
Published: January 2024

With the multi-modal approach combining ATR-FTIR and SERS, we achieved an extended spectral range for molecular fingerprint detection of RNA biomarkers. Machine learning results shows 91.6% blind test accuracy for label-free breast cancer diagnosis.
Performance and biocompatibility of OSTEMER 322 in cell-based microfluidic applications
Authors: Aubrecht Petr , Smejkal Jiří , Panuška Petr , Španbauerová Klára , Neubertová Viktorie , Kaule Pavel , Matoušek Jindřich , Vinopal Stanislav , Liegertová Michaela , Štofik Marcel , Malý Jan
Published: January 2024

The evaluation of OSTEMER 322's biocompatibility and surface properties provides new insights into its promise as a material for microfluidic cell culture applications.
Evaluation of sustained drug release performance and osteoinduction of magnetron-sputtered tantalum-coated titanium dioxide nanotubes
Authors: Zhan Jing , Li Li , Yao Lili , Cao Zheng , Lou Weiwei , Zhang Jianying , Liu Jinsong , Yao Litao
Published: January 2024

Schematic illustration of the preparation of TNT-Ta with sustained drug release property and osteogenic ability.
Self-supported iron-based bimetallic phosphide catalytic electrode for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction at high current density
Authors: Zuo Ziteng , Zhang Xian , Peng Ouwen , Shan Lianwei , Xiang Shengling , Lian Qing , Li Ningxue , Mi Guojun , Amini Abbas , Cheng Chun
Published: January 2024

Cheap Fe foam (IF) was entirely transformed to the robust and high output CoFe-P NAs/IF electrode via facile soaking-phosphorization approach. The as-prepared CoFe-P NAs/IF exhibits remarkable HER activity and stability under industrial conditions.
Sn-assisted heteroepitaxy improves ZnTiN2 photoabsorbers
Authors: Mangum John S. , Ke Sijia , Gish Melissa K. , Raulerson Emily K. , Perkins Craig L. , Neaton Jeffrey B. , Zakutayev Andriy , Greenaway Ann L.
Published: January 2024

Ambient temperature growth on Si produces a polycrystalline ZnTiN2 film while Sn-assisted growth on sapphire at elevated temperature results in a single-crystal-like ZnTiN2 film with significantly reduced sub-bandgap absorption.
Self-assembled novel Co/Ni-based ε-Keggin crystal materials as highly efficient photocatalysts for diluted CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Zhu Yin-Hua , Yang Jian-Bo , Yan Pin-Fang , Dong Zhi-Ming , Mei Hua , Xu Yan
Published: January 2024

Two unprecedented Ni/Co-ε-Keggin catalysts were elaborately prepared for diluted CO2 photoreduction. Remarkably, the Ni-ε-Keggin exhibits an ultra-high rate of 16199.3 μmol g−1 h−1 with 94.6% selectivity in 10% diluted CO2.
A natural biogenic fluorapatite as a new biomaterial for orthopedics and dentistry: antibacterial activity of lingula seashell and its use for nanostructured biomimetic coatings
Authors: Graziani Gabriela , Ghezzi Daniele , Nudelman Fabio , Sassoni Enrico , Laidlaw Fraser , Cappelletti Martina , Boi Marco , Borciani Giorgia , Milita Silvia , Bianchi Michele , Baldini Nicola , Falini Giuseppe
Published: January 2024

Lingula anatina seashell is an apatite-based shells, and naturally contains fluorine and zinc alongside an organic part (chitin). For the first time, we demonstrate that it has strong antibacterial properties, and that it can be used as nanostructured coatings for orthopaedics and dentistry.
A mitochondria-targeted anticancer copper dithiocarbamate amplifies immunogenic cuproptosis and macrophage polarization
Authors: Lu Yao , Fan Xi , Pan Qingqing , He Bin , Pu Yuji
Published: January 2024

A mitochondrial targeting copper dithiocarbamate induces intense immunogenic cuproptosis in cancer cells and macrophage M1 polarization. This emphasizes the potential of mitochondrial targeting cuproptosis inducers in cancer immunotherapy.
Achieving time-dependent and color-tunable ultralong room temperature phosphorescence through sodiation reconfiguration for dynamic 5D information encryption
Authors: Liang Li Ya , Gao Ya Ting , Chang Shuai , Lv Jian , Chen Bin Bin , Li Da Wei
Published: January 2024

A metal–organic thermal polymerization strategy is developed for synthesizing ultralong-lived Al/Phe-PMs with time-dependent phosphorescence color (TDPC) and NaOH-stimulated color tunability, with a production capacity of kilogram scale.
The Role of Prosody in Reading Comprehension for Individuals on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Putnam Orla C. , Erickson Karen A.
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

The purposes of this clinical focus article are to describe differences in expressive prosody among autistic individuals, describe the role of prosody in reading comprehension, highlight the potential contribution of prosody to the reading comprehension difficulties experienced by many autistic individuals, discuss interventions that target prosody, and make clinical recommendations.

Method:

We describe differences in expressive prosody that many autistic individuals experience; review the existing body of literature surrounding reading comprehension, prosody, and autism; and discuss interventions that target prosody as it applies to reading comprehension.

Conclusion:

Based on the review of the literature and presentation of the challenges that currently exist, we make clinical recommendations regarding the integration of interventions addressing prosody in expressive communication and reading comprehension for autistic individuals who have strong word reading skills and poor reading comprehension.
Feature extraction and learning approaches for cancellable biometrics: A survey
Authors: Yang Wencheng , Wang Song , Hu Jiankun , Tao Xiaohui , Li Yan
Published: January 2024

Biometric recognition is a widely used technology for user authentication. In the application of this technology, biometric security and recognition accuracy are two important issues that should be considered. In terms of biometric security, cancellable biometrics is an effective technique for protecting biometric data. Regarding recognition accuracy, feature representation plays a significant role in the performance and reliability of cancellable biometric systems. How to design good feature representations for cancellable biometrics is a challenging topic that has attracted a great deal of attention from the computer vision community, especially from researchers of cancellable biometrics. Feature extraction and learning in cancellable biometrics is to find suitable feature representations with a view to achieving satisfactory recognition performance, while the privacy of biometric data is protected. This survey informs the progress, trend and challenges of feature extraction and learning for cancellable biometrics, thus shedding light on the latest developments and future research of this area.
Transformation of South Pacific Water Masses in the Halmahera Sea
Authors: Prasetyo Wahyudi , Wicaksono Ashari , Purwandana Adi , Edikusmanto  , Surinati Dewi , Zheng Wang
Published: January 2024

The Halmahera Sea is part of the eastern entry route of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) passages. The characteristics and transformation of the South Pacific water masses are presented based on the HYCOM model (Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model) and direct observations of CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) acquired during the East Indonesian Expedition in October 2017 using RV Baruna Jaya VIII. This study is aimed at characterizing the typical water masses observed in the Halmahera Sea and tracking the transformation of the South Pacific water masses in the region. The results show that there was an indication of strong vertical mixing of maximum salinity of the South Pacific thermocline water masses, i.e., South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW), from ~35.2 PSU at isopycnal 24 – 25 kg m-3 becomes ~34.8 PSU in the Southern Halmahera Strait (around 200 km from the entry passage, the Northern Halmahera Strait), and rapidly decreases from the Southern Halmahera Strait and Obi Strait to become 34.6 PSU in the Maluku Sea. These preliminary findings suggest a strong mixing in the southern Halmahera Strait and Obi Strait.
Real time water surface elevation using video camera
Authors: Zikra Muhammad , Utami Widi , Paotonan Chairul , Ikhwani Hasan
Published: January 2024

In recent years, image processing has become a popular tool in wave flume experiments. In Indonesia, the use of image processing methods for measuring instruments in wave flume experiments has not been widely used. Therefore, in this study, an image processing method using image data from a digital camera was used in real time to measure the water surface elevation in the wave flume. Regular and irregular waves were measured with this image processing technique. The measurement results using this video camera were calibrated with wave gauges. The results showed that the measurement method using video images has a small difference less than 7% in wave height and wave period error. Therefore, this method can be a solution as a low cost measuring tool in wave flume or in field observations.
Effectiveness of small-scale marine ornamental fish rearing and community-based coral transplantation technique in Tanjung Tiram, Tondonggeu and Mekar village, Indonesia
Authors: Mansyur La Ode , Nur Andi Irwan , Rahmania Rinny , Isman Khairudin , Sahari Sariamin , Musrianton Muhammad , Admadja Alfi Kusuma , Runtu Kezia Gloria Apriliana , Nasrun  , Alsita Indah , Ikhsan Nur , Normayasari  , Utami Dewi , Harudin  , Ferlin Akhmatul
Published: January 2024

Indonesia is the second largest exporter of ornamental fish in the world, with the value more than USD 20.5 million in the first semester of 2023. Ornamental corals are also being traded under strict supervision since several coral species are listed in Appendix II of the CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). To harvest these high-value commodities in sustainable manner, we designed a small scale of marine ornamental fish rearing and community-based coral transplantation techniques in coastal waters of Tanjung Tiram village, Tondonggeu village and Mekar village by utilizing its suitable natural habitat and involving coastal communities. A study then carried out to analyse the growth rate of 480 fragments of transplanted ornamental coral and survival rate of 200 reared Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) using fixed net cage in each site. This study reveals that the growth rate of ornamental corals in Mekar Village is better than in other sites. The survival rate (SR) of ornamental corals in Mekar Village is also higher than in Tanjung Tiram Village. This result indicates that the water quality conditions in Mekar Village are better for ornamental coral transplantation, then transplantation activities should be focused surround this island. This initiative looks promising and can also be developed further as marine tourism site that generate additional income for coastal communities.
Optimization of Effective Working Hours for Coal Transportation from Rom to Port: Study at Pt. Maruwai Coal Central Kalimantan
Authors: Tampubolon Erwin , Haryo Dwito Armono
Published: January 2024

Adaro Mineral Indonesia is one of the pillars of Adaro's mining business which focuses on coking coal mining in Central Kalimantan, planning to increase its coal production. The aim of this research is to optimize effective working hours for transporting coal from ROM to the port. This is done to increase the low productivity of coal transportation activities from mines to ports, which will bring benefits in the form of increased operational efficiency. This research was conducted quantitatively. The data used is primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this research was obtained from direct observations in the coal transportation area from the ROM of coal products to port, which includes cycle time, rain duration, shift changes, road conditions. The research method was carried out quantitatively. Optimization of coal transportation can be improved by improving delay parameters, improving communication between transportation operators, carrying out real time communication and data validation, expanding the Change Shift Area, fulfilling man power, making strip maps and road worthiness tests, making work plans, as well as procurement of gravel material and hauling road maintenance as well as All Weather Road conditions.
Lyzenga Algorithm for Shallow Water Mapping Using Multispectral Sentinel-2 Imageries in Gili Noko Waters
Authors: Pratomo Danar Guruh , Cahyadi Mokhamad Nur , Hariyanto Irena Hana , Syariz Muhammad Aldila , Putri Shofa’ Amaliah
Published: January 2024

Bathymetric survey is an essential approach for gathering marine geospatial information. The use of an echosounder can provide highly accurate bathymetric data, yet it is expensive and time-consuming. To achieve an accurate chart of shallow water areas is challenging as they are difficult to access by large survey vessels due to their draft limitation. Bathymetric survey can also be carried out by using an Unmanned Surface Vehicles; however, it is restricted to small and calm areas. Thus, a Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) come as a solution to take the place of bathymetric survey using an echosounder, especially in a shallow water with many natural or man-made obstacles. This study utilises Sentinel-2 image data, an optical satellite imagery to determine depth values of shallow water area using SDB approach. Several algorithms have been developed to collect depth values using the SDB. One of the algorithms is Lyzenga algorithm which aims to simplify the process of extracting water depths by comparing water reflectance factors using three bands of panchromatic sensor imagery. This study applied the Lyzenga algorithm to determine water depths using multiple linear regression and it is validated using an in-situ data. The RMSE and MAE values is 1.711m and 1.254m, respectively whilst the correlation coefficient is 0.946.