bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turnover Intention: A Case of Employee Working in the Fast Food Industry of Quetta
Authors: Langove Naseebullah , Masood Khansa , Iqbal Anum
Published: October 2022

The restaurants are becoming increasingly popular as they are convenient and also economical in Pakistan. However, the fast food industries are facing a major problem of turnover intention, which directly affects productivity and performance. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of job stressors (job insecurity, role conflict, interpersonal conflict) on the turnover intention of employees working in the fast food industry of Quetta. In this study, the quantitative method is used to collect data from employees working in the fast food industry of Quetta. The Questionnaire is distributed among (15) restaurants that are selected from (02), (03), and (04) star rankings. A total 150 of valid questionnaires were collected out of 160. The data was analyzed with help of SPSS and Smart-PLS in order to find out the relationship between job stressors and turnover intentions. The findings of the study revealed that job insecurity and role conflict have a positive and significant relationship with turnover intention, while interpersonal conflict has no relationship with turnover intention. These findings of the study will help the managers and practitioners to understand the employee’s behavior towards turnover intention in order to design new strategies for retention of the employees.
Scope of a Common Trading Platform for Brokerage Firms in Bangladesh Capital Market
Authors:   Vice President, NDB Capital Limited, Hossain Chowdhury Sajjad , Rashedul Islam Mohammad ,   Vice President Bay Leasing & Finance Limited
Published: October 2022

Financial sector in Bangladesh has become digital friendly over the years, which has reflected on better customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. However, for Capital Market Intermediaries, this has not been reflected, except for some few major players. In this paper we are trying to identify the scope of a common digital platform which can be used for majority brokerage houses and the benefits this can provide. We have also tried to figure out the key considerations for which digital platforms have not been popularized yet and what can be done to popularize this. We believe that, with the support being provided by BSEC, a common platform can be readily introduced and can be introduced better customer satisfaction and operational management.
Are character strength-based positive interventions effective for eliciting positive behavioral outcomes? A meta-analytic review
Authors: Bates-Krakoff Justine , Parente Allison , McGrath Robert , Rashid Tayyab , Niemiec Ryan M.
Published: October 2022

Research on strengths-based positive interventions (SBPIs) has often supported their effectiveness, but these studies overwhelmingly focus on experiential outcomes such as affect and subjective well-being. Much less is known about their effectiveness for eliciting positive behavioral outcomes. The current article provides a lexicon to clarify distinctions between various types of positive interventions. This is followed by a meta-analysis of studies examining behavioral outcomes from SBPIs. Multiple databases were searched through October 2020. Out of 418 studies evaluating what could be considered SBPIs, only 48 analyses across 29 articles examined group differences in a behavioral outcome. Random-effects meta-analysis of post-test data revealed a small to medium, statistically significant effect, Hedges’ g= 0.32. Evidence was insufficient to suggest small-study or methodological bias. SBPIs seemed effective for eliciting behavioral change relative to control conditions consistent with prior meta-analyses. However, the available data are too limited to support SBPIs as an alternative to traditional approaches that focus on direct symptom reduction.
Review of The Evolution of Life Worth Living: Why we choose to live
Authors: Wong Paul T. P.
Published: October 2022

Soper’s pain-brain theory, based on evolutionary biology, represents a provocative breakthrough for both suicidology and positive psychology. The main thesis of the book is that the evolved way of choosing to live rather than to die in the face of unbearable suffering is to develop a zest for happiness and meaning. His new theory can be summed up by a two-by-two matrix of “pain-type” versus “brain-type” of reducing pain, and the “keeper” versus “fender” levels of protecting us from suicide. My main critique is that the brain versus pain distinction is confusing because the brain is the center for all the functions needed for to reduce pain and keep us alive. Similarly, his football metaphor of two levels of defense(“keeper” and “fender”) is incomplete because the best defense is offence, when a good last line of defense can be quickly turned into offence. Therefore, a more fluid way of conceptualizing this distinction may be the dialectically interactive dual systems of life protection (Yin) and life expansion strategies (Yang) (Wong, 2012). Soper’s pain-brain theory is similar to Wong’s general existential positive psychology theory of flourishing through suffering (Wong, 2020a, 2021a). Both approaches emphasize the centrality of suffering and posit that whether suffering results in mental illness and suicide or mental health and flourishing depends on whether we have the wisdom of the soul and the necessary social support.
Post-shipment On-site Inspections: Multilateral Steps for Debating and Enabling Their Adoption and Use
Authors: Bromley Mark , Héau Lauriane , Maletta Giovanna
Published: October 2022

Among the key tools that states that export arms and military equipment can adopt to help to prevent and mitigate the diversion of military materiel are post-shipment on-site inspections. These inspections involve the exporting state requiring and conducting physical checks on previously authorized and transferred military materiel on the territory of the importing state. In the past decade a growing number of states have adopted and implemented this policy tool. In addition, some multilateral bodies and instruments—including forums connected to the 2013 Arms Trade Treaty, the European Union and the United Nations—have been used to exchange views on the use of post-shipment on-site inspections and to develop related good practice guidelines. The wider use of post-shipment on-site inspections could help to prevent diversion of military materiel and reduce the human suffering that this generates, but several barriers and challenges appear to be blocking their broader adoption. This SIPRI Policy Paper reviews these barriers and challenges, and summarizes the steps that have been taken at the national level to address them. The paper then examines the steps that have been taken and that could be taken at the multilateral level to expand discussion about post-shipment on-site inspections and help to support those states that are considering adopting this policy tool. For each step, the policy paper presents a series of recommendations that could be taken forward by states, research institutes, or the executives or secretariats of relevant multilateral instruments or bodies.
Male Prisoners- A Study on Attention, Present Focus, Awareness, Acceptance, Mindfulness & Anxiety among the adults
Authors: Arora Bhavya
Published: October 2022

Attention, present focus, awareness, and acceptance are the four pillars of mindfulness. Anxiety is the fear & worry found on a large scale in humans and is increasing widely nowadays. If left ignored can lead to anxiety-related disorders. Its level is comparatively high in inmates compared to the general public. This research aims to study the relationship between attention, present focus, awareness, acceptance, mindfulness, and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to assess the need to introduce mindfulness techniques or therapies inside the prison premises. The study assessed 100 Indian male inmates of the Delhi prison. Standardised tests were used. The findings say anxiety is significantly negatively correlated with attention, present focus, awareness, acceptance, and mindfulness. Also, mindfulness is significantly positively correlated with attention, present focus, awareness & acceptance. Thus, the study concluded that there is a need to introduce mindfulness techniques inside the prison premises like mindfulness attention, mindfulness awareness, yoga, meditation, etc. that can help with catering relief to psychological issues. One can lower their level of anxiety by being mindful. One should realise the value of their life, live it to the fullest, and get the most out of it. So, embrace it as nobody has ever before.
The Effect of Plasma Treatment on the Comfort Properties of Bamboo Woven Fabric
Authors: S Varshalini , Dhurai Dr. Bhaarathi
Published: October 2022

In this study, atmospheric air pressure plasma is treated on plain bamboo fabric. The importance of doing this surface modification is to study the comfort properties of the effect made by plasma treated bamboo fabric. This study is concentrated on the evaluation of the comfort properties like air permeability, water vapour permeability, and wickability of the surface modified fabric. The results show that the plasma treated fabric outperforms the untreated bamboo fabrics in terms of air permeability and wickability in the warp and weft directions with a 5 minute interval time. But water vapour characteristics reveal the similar characteristics in both plasma treated and untreated fabric. Thus, this research work helps in understanding the comfort properties of surface modified bamboo fabric.
Adsorption of Frequently Used Antibiotics From Contaminated Water Using Peanut Shells
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Egbedina Abisola , Sulaimon Hassan ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: October 2022

The removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from water using cost-efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbents has proven to be extremely effective. The adsorption of amoxicillin (AMX) and tetracycline (TET) from wastewater using peanut shells (PS) were described in this study. The PS was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The pH at the point of zero charge (pHpzc) of PS was determined to be 6.5. The influence of operating parameters such as pH, time, initial concentration, adsorbent mass and temperature on the adsorption were evaluated. The adsorption data best fit the Sips isotherm with R2 value of 0.999 for both AMX and TET and the maximum adsorption capacities of PS were obtained to be 42.47 mg g-1 for TET and 61.44 mg g-1 for AMX. Adsorption data were found to fit the pseudo first-order kinetic model for both AMX and TET. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were determined to be 3.86, -8.88 and -41.36 for TET adsorption and -2.74, -16.64 and -45.15 for AMX adsorption. The negative ΔH values show that both adsorptions were exothermic while the ΔG values show that the adsorption was spontaneous for AMX and non-spontaneous for TET. The results show peanut shells is effective for the removal of AMX and TET from wastewater.
Skill of Skidding Equipment Operator in Relation to Productivity, Skidding Cost and Subsidence in Peat Swamp Forest Plantation
Authors: Suhartana Sona , Yuniawati
Published: October 2022

Skidding in peat swamp plantation forest requires high skill and alertness, particularly in relation to peat damage, which includes subsidence as such a damage. The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of skidding operator’s skill on productivity, skidding cost and subsidence in peat swamp plantation forest. The method of this research comprised the skidding operation conducted by two different skidding operators with different working experience, followed by measuring the average productivity and skidding cost, measuring the elevation of water table at various points in the peat soil, in the location of logging compartment for 3 years, namely from 2018–2020 (measured every month), and measuring the effect of working skill of the two skidding operators on productivity and cost of skidding and the occurring subsidence rate. Research results show that the average skidding productivity of operator A was higher than that of operator B due to longer working experience of operator A, which was more than 5 years. This high average productivity caused low production cost, namely IDR 28,022 m-3 or EUR 1.653 m-3. Wood volume, skidding distance and operators’ skidding skill affect the average skidding cycle time and cycle time affects the average skidding productivity. Subsidence in 2018 was higher than that in 2019 and 2020, namely 2.8 cm year-1. Wood skidding performed by skidding operators with higher skill can increase skidding productivity and suppress skidding cost.
Development and Evaluation of Pasture
Tree Cutting Robot
Authors: Badgujar Chetan , Flippo Daniel , Badua Sylvester , Baldwin Carolyn
Published: October 2022

The encroachment of Eastern redcedar (ERC) (Juniperus virginiana L.) onto Great Plains prairies has become a serious threat to ecosystem functioning and grazing productivity. The uncontrolled spread of this invasive tree species has been called a »green glacier« converting grasslands into closed canopy woodlands. A pasture tree cutting robot was developed using a tracked Autonomous Ground Vehicle (AGV) equipped with a chainsaw bar to mitigate this green glacier dilemma. The prototype was fitted with amperage and voltage sensors to measure average power consumption and peak power requirements of tree cutting. It was evaluated on ERC and Honeylocust trees up to 20 cm in diameter. Cutting energy and time were determined to evaluate energy optimization and cutting time estimates. A pasture tree clearing energy consumption of the developed prototype was estimated for selected tree density/hectare. The prototype robot was successful in cutting down the intended size trees at a manageable power usage.
Pediatric intoxication inducing after dental pain management OTC Benzocaine product.
Authors: Salman Dr. Muhi.N.
Published: October 2022

Background; Methemoglobinemia is a rare disorder of the blood in which there is an increase in the proportion of hemoglobin present in the oxidized form (methemoglobin). It may be inherited, due either to a deficiency of methemoglobin reductase or to a structural abnormality of hemoglobin, or it may be acquired, usually secondary to exposure to drugs or chemicals that oxidize hemoglobin l. Administration of some local anesthetics such as
benzocaine at large doses may lead to an acute effect of risk Methemoglobinemia.. Presentation ; A 6-years-old child was suffering from dyspnea, headache, and grayish in appearance. The patient was self-treating with an over-the-counter topical oral benzocaine. Treatment; The diagnosis of methemoglobinemia was made in conjunction with consultation with a medical toxicologist and treatment with oxygen and methylene blue as antidote was given 1mg/kg of 1% solution intravenously over 7minutes. The symptoms improved within 30 minutes and child felt markedly better within 1.5 hour. Conclusion; Methylene blue is the specific antidote, but should be reserved for more severe cases.
Effect of Environment Capital and Length of Business on Income of Traditional Traders in Berastagi Fruit Market Environment
Authors: Sembiring Jessi Charina
Published: October 2022

iThe idevelopment iof ithe icentral iand iregional ieconomies idepends ion ithe ieconomic iactivities iof ithe icommunity. iThe ieconomy iis iformed ifrom iseveral ibusiness isectors, iboth iformal iand iinformal isectors iwith ithe iaim iof igetting ia idecent iincome ito imeet ithe ineeds iof ilife iand ito iprosper itheir ifamily imembers. iThe ipurpose iof ithis iresearch iis ito iknow iand ianalyze ieffect iof environment capital iand ilength iof ibusiness ion iincome iof itraditional itraders iin iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment. iThe iscope iof ithis iresearch iis itraditional itraders iin iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment. iThe ivariables istudied iare i environment icapital iand ilength iof ibusiness iwhich iare iindependent ivariables iand iincome iof itraditional itraders as idependent ivariable. iThe ipopulation iin ithis istudy iwere itraditional itraders iin ithe iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment. iTraders idata itaken iin ithis iresearch ipopulation iare i270 itraditional itraders iin ithe iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment. iThe inumber iof isamples iin ithe istudy iwas i161 irespondents. iThe itest iresults iin ithis istudy iusing imultiple iregression ianalysis itest. iThe itest iused iis ithe ipartial itest i(t). iThe iresults ishow ithat environment capital ihas ia ipositive iand isignificant ieffect ion iincome iof itraditional itraders iin iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment. iLength iof ibusiness ihas ia ipositive iand iinsignificant ieffect ion iincome iof itraditional itraders iin iBerastagi iFruit iMarket environment.
Evaluation of Distance Cover to Access Services/Facilities in Informal Settlements in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: J. Oguche, C , D. Dawam P. , .N. Ebehikhalu O
Published: October 2022

The study examines distance cover to access services/facilities in informal settlements in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Specifically, the objective of the study was to: evaluate the distance cover to access services/facilities in informal settlements in the study area. Data were collected through primary and secondary data. The study makes use of multi-stage sampling techniques involving three stages (random sampling for selecting two communities from the six area councils at the first stage, a systematic random sampling technique was used in the administration of questionnaires to the twelve randomly selected informal housing and the questionnaires were administered to each community in relation to population size. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 792 were return successfully. And it was analyzed using simple statistics table. The finding reveals that 46.1% of the respondents’ access schools services/facilities at the distance of 4km and above. The paper also suggested that steps be taken to improve quality of housing scheme targeting the urban poor through public housing delivery by Government and the road network in the study area is un-tarred and dilapidated, therefore the government should construct a road to reduce the long distances cover for services and facilities like, health care, schools, market, police station, bank and water and also the suffering of the people living in these informal settlements may be reduce.
Learners’ knowledge of environmental education in selected primary schools of Tshwane North District, Gauteng Province
Authors: J. Manaka M. , S. Maile
Published: October 2022

This study focused on determining the level of environmental education knowledge and skills among primary school learners in South Africa under the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. Environmental education is important in the promotion of sustainable environmental conservation, and reducing negative effects which are caused by adverse climatic conditions. We used qualitative approach for data collection from eight primary schools located North Tshwane District of Gauteng province through interviews and observations. The sample comprise teachers, the learners and non-teaching staffs working in the schools. The findings from interviews suggest that the curriculum offers learners adequate environmental education knowledge in the Social Science and Natural Science subjects. Similarly, results from observations show, from visual sights of the surroundings of the schools, that the school compounds have gardens, tree nurseries and tree plantations, and clean environment around the school compound. In conclusion, learners are provided with adequate environmental education knowledge and they are able to contribute towards maintaining clean environments and conservation in their communities.
The Effects of Ammonia Leakage, Air Pollution, and Transportation on Climate Change in the Village Environment Around Pt. Iskandar Muda Fertilizer (Pt.Pim) Dewantara District
Authors: Siska Deassy , Fithra Herman , . Sofyan , Nayan Ahmad
Published: October 2022

The existence of the Company PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda in Dewantara District, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, in addition to having a positive impact, also harms the environment name in the form of air pollution (ammonia gas leakage), which is surrounding community. It hoped that the air pollution could control the North Aceh Regency Government and the Company not to harm the surrounding community. However, in reality, the Regional Government has not been able to carry out air pollution control/mitigation properly. In its prevention efforts, the Company has not fully protected so that the incidence of pollution repeats itself from year to year without special handling. This phenomenon seems to be commonplace and is considered trivial by the Company, the government and the surrounding community. The smell of ammonia gas that occurs almost every day in the Dewantara District is natural. All stakeholders are not dangerous and can coexist with it. It should not be left alone, let alone decided by academics as a harmless problem. The implementation of this research uses a descriptive-analytical study wherein obtaining as much data as possible is carried out through various techniques that are arranged systematically to seek data collection from research results that follow the nature of the problem and the research objectives to obtain. This study aims to determine the extent to which the implementation of air pollution control/mitigation (ammonia gas) and to find out what obstacles are experienced by local governments and companies in carrying out control/mitigation of air pollution (ammonia gas) as a result of the operation of PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda in Dewantara District, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province. This research hopes that strategic steps can be taken by the Regional Government and the Company so that the chronic air pollution (ammonia gas) will be immediately resolved and will not happen again. The outputs of this research are research reports and scientific publications in accredited national journals and research books with ISBN.
Covid-19 and Renewable Energy in BRICS Countries: An Opportunity or a Threat?
Authors: Ahmed Abdal , Boukhedimi Chems Eddine , Qureshi Sumera , Nargis Shama
Published: October 2022

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the renewable energy industry in South Africa and the rest of the region has been severely affected. This study aims to analyze the various steps taken by the governments of the five BRICS countries to address the issue.
The study analyzed the various factors that influence the development of the renewable energy sector in five emerging economies: China, Russia, India, Brazil, and South Africa. The emergence and spread of pandemics has affected the production and use of renewable energy in the country. Although the pandemic affected the renewable energy sector, it also contributed to the GDP growth of the country. This paper also called for the government to formulate long-term policies that will increase the use of sustainable energy.
The paper is also based on the analysis of the various data sources, such as online/offline research papers, conference proceedings, and text books. These data are used to identify the key competitive advantages of Renewal Energy.
Praktik Penghindaran Pajak di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Zuhaida Ida
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to prove the effect of return on assets, leverage and the audit committee on tax avoidance
Method: The method used in this research is purposive sampling using the annual financial statements of 48 companies.
Finding: In this study it was found that return on assets has a positive effect on tax avoidance, leverage has a negative effect on tax avoidance and the audit committee has no effect on tax avoidance.
Novelty: The update in this research is that the research was carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic
ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO SOBRE A ABORDAGEM DA ÉTICA EM PUBLICAÇÕES DOS ANAIS DO ENEGEP E SIMPEP NA SEGUNDA DÉCADA DO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: DA PAZ IAN ALVES , Vilarinho Murilo Chaves
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender por meio de pesquisa bibliométrica, em que medida, na última década do século XXI, o tema Ética tem sido discutido nos principais Anais de publicação da Engenharia de Produção, ENEGEP e SIMPEP. Este estudo justifica-se, pois, a Ética é um dos pilares que compõe o universo da pesquisa em Engenharia de Produção. Metodologicamente, empregou-se bibliometria para a coleta de dados nos Anais indicados. Como resultado, constatou-se que há poucas discussões, acerca da categoria ética.
Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea following COVID-19 nasal swab testing: case report
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria IL, 61637., Winslow Nolan
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread adoption of screening tests to quickly and accurately diagnose disease. Nasopharyngeal swab tests are among the most common utilized. We present a case of a 58 year old female who suffered a cerebrospinal fluid leak from a bony defect in the sphenoid sinus immediately following a pre-procedural COVID screening test with subsequent development of meningitis. Providers should be aware of this potential risk of nasopharyngeal swab collection. Alternate COVID screening tests may be considered in patients with a history of sinonasal or cranial base surgery.
Imaging Diagnosis of Retrobulbar Metastasis from Ewing’s Sarcoma in Thigh – Unusual Case Report
Authors:   Radiology Department-Faculty of Medicine, Almergib University, Abuhajar Ramadan M. ,   National Cancer Institute-Misurata/Libya.
Published: October 2022

Orbital tumors are very rare and we reported a case of retrobulbar metastasis from Ewing sarcomain young adult male patient. He presented to National Cancer Institute-Misrata/Libya with metastatic complications of diagnosed Ewing sarcoma in thigh and he was receiving cycles of chemotherapy. During days of admission the patient complained of right vision loss with proptosis. Imaging was underwent for brain and orbits revealing diagnosis ofright retrobulbar metastasis.
Case Report: Oocyte Degeneration during Thawing Procedure in a SARS-CoV-2 Positive Woman
Authors:   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Ziarati Niloofar , Ghaznavi Pooneh ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Dalman Azam ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Mashayekhy Mehri ,   Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran., Movaghar Bahar ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Vahabi Zeinab ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Hassani Fatemeh ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran., Yazdi Poopak Eftekhari- ,   Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR,Tehran, Iran.
Published: October 2022

An essential concern for the safe preparation of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) during the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is the probability of viral transmission through the gametes and its potential risks on gamete function. To date, there is no evidence about the precise effects of SARS-CoV-2 on functionality of gametes derived from infected individuals and whether there are deleterious effects on IVF outcomes. In this study, we inspected the degeneration of vitrified-warmed oocytes from a SARS-CoV-2-positive woman who underwent ovarian stimulation. Although the exact reason for the degeneration of these oocytes is unknown, SARS-CoV-2 could affect oocyte performance via an increase in oxidative stress. Thus, further investigation is required regarding the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on reproductive function.
प्राथमिक स्तर के शिक्षकों के मूल्यों पर एक अध्ययन
Authors: Kumari Rani
Published: October 2022

मूल्य शिक्षा शिक्षा के सबसे प्रभावी रूपों में से एक है। हालाँकि, यह प्रणाली कई कारकों के कारण केवल विकसित देशों में लागू होती है। इस अध्ययन का उद्देश्य विकासशील देशों में मूल्य शिक्षा प्रणाली को लागू करने में सक्षम प्राथमिक विद्यालय के शिक्षकों के प्रशिक्षण के लिए एक विधि विकसित करना है। शिक्षक न केवल विज्ञान की नींव का ज्ञान देते हैं और किसी विशेष क्षेत्र में विशिष्ट कौशल और प्रथाओं को विकसित करने में मदद करते हैं, बल्कि मूल्यों को भी धारण करते हैं। प्राथमिक विद्यालयों में यह अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है, जहां विश्वदृष्टि के मूल सिद्धांतों का निर्माण होता है। लेकिन आधुनिक युग में शिक्षकों की स्थिति में गिरावट, उनके खराब प्रदर्शन और शिक्षण मूल्यों में गिरावट के लिए कई कारक जिम्मेदार हैं।
A Theoretical Evaluation of the Microfinance and its impact on Living Standards and Poverty Reduction in India
Authors: Mandrawal Mangal Singh
Published: October 2022

One definition of microfinance is "any activity that includes the provision of economic services like loans, saving, and coverage to low-wage earners who are slightly over the nationally defined shortfall line and to poor people who are below that shortage line with the aim of fostering public value." Microfinance can also be defined as "any activity that includes the provision of economic services like loans, saving, and coverage to low-wage earners who are slightly over the nationally defined short In this study, an attempt is made to conduct a theoretical evaluation of the impact that microfinance has had on living standards and the reduction of poverty in India. In order to produce an assessment of the influence of microfinance on living standards and the reduction of poverty in India, secondary reports are analysed and evaluated. Research in the natural world is qualitative and descriptive. According to a recently published study, microcredit and microfinance have gained widespread acceptance as a strategy for reducing poverty and increasing economic autonomy. Microfinance is a strategy that may be used to combat poverty, particularly in rural regions, which are home to the majority of the world's poorest people. Give individuals with low incomes the opportunity to start their own small businesses by extending them modest sums of financing at reasonable interest rates. Numerous studies show that despite their socioeconomic status, impoverished individuals have greater rates of loan payback than other types of borrowers.
Estimation of epistasis and genetic components of variance for different traits in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: KUMARI REENA , KUMAR RAMESH , GUPTA MEENU
Published: October 2022

To estimate epistasis and components of genetic variance a study was carried out during 2016 and 2017 at Experimental Research Farm of Department of Vegetable Science, Dr YSP UH & F Nauni, Solan, (HP) and data were recorded for different qualitative and quantitative traits using triple test cross (TTC) analysis of an inter-varietal cross LC-1-1 × K-75 of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Three testers of cucumber named LC-1-1, K-75 and their F1 (LC-1-1 × K-75) were crossed to 15 inbred lines for detecting the additive, dominance and epistatic components of genetic variance. Good quantum of genetic variability has been generated through triple test cross progenies with respect to different traits studied as revealed by the significant analysis of variance. TTC analysis revealed that overall epistasis and j+l type component were found to be significant for majority of the traits except fruit breadth and total soluble solids. Further, experimental results showed that (i) type of epistasis were also significant for majority of the traits under study. The components of genetic variance were estimated using analysis of variance for sums and differences revealed the importance of both additive (D) as well as dominance (H) components of genetic variance in controlling various traits and showed partial dominance except over dominance for fruit breadth and severity of downy mildew. Therefore, kind of genetic variance revealed from triple test cross can be exploited by intermating selected individuals in early segregating generations with delayed selection in later generations, or recurrent selection followed by pedigree method to exploit both additive and non-additive components along with epistasis in cucumber.
Characterizing cyanobacteria from Punjab rice varieties for growth promotion
Authors: MARAG PREMSINGSHIVSING , DHAR DOLLY WATTAL , JAISWAL PRANITA , TIWARI O N , SUMAN ARCHNA , JENA MRUTYUNJAY JENA
Published: October 2022

Cyanobacterial strains were isolated, and identified from rhizospheric soil and plant parts of rice varieties from Ludhiana, Punjab during kharif 2018. Out of the total 18 strains, 16 were heterocystous and 2 were non-hetercocystous. Seven were isolated from rice variety PB-1121 while 11 were from variety Parman-126. These belonged to four genera, Nostoc (13), Anabaena and Phormidium (2 each); and Trichormus (one).These were characterized for cell dry weight, pigments and total soluble proteins which showed a significant variation. Pigments ranged from 1.51 μg/ml to 11.63 μg/ml (chlorophyll), 0.41 μg/ml to 11.06 μg/ml (carotenoids), 1.13 μg/ml to 26.28 μg/ml (phycocyanin), 0.15 μg/ml to 33.23 μg/ml (phycoerythrin), 0.16 μg/ml to 11.18 μg/ml (allophycocyanin). Total phycobili proteins varied from a highest of 54.31 μg/ml to the lowest of 2.95 μg/ml, whereas, total soluble proteins ranged as 0.29 mg/ml to 0.70 mg/ml. Nitrogenase activity was measured as Acetylene Reduction Assay and this parameter also varied amongst the strains. Extracellular ammonia release varied as lowest of 11.10 μmole NH4 +/ml to the highest of 229.70 μmole NH4 +/ml, whereas, indole acetic acid production ranged from 7.45 μg/ml to 66.00 μg/ml.On the basis of efficient plant growth promoting parameters, these cyanobacterial strains can be studied for their possible positive influence on the performance of rice crop, which may, in turn, help in nitrogen economy after testing under pot culture and field evaluations as per required procedure and guidelines.
Integrated management of Meloidogyne graminicola under basmati rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system
Authors: SINGH SATYENDRA , TANWAR R K , SINGH S P
Published: October 2022

Survey conducted in and around village Bambawad, Gautam Budh Nagar, UP, for nematode population density infested basmati rice and wheat during 2015 indicated low population of rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola in IPM adopted fields compared with farmer's practices (FP). With this view, the study was carried out to manage M. graminicola under basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system taking advantage of IPM technology developed and validated by ICAR-NCIPM for basmati rice during 2016-19 with some modifications such as soil solarisation, bio-agents etc. Soil solarisation of nursery beds reduced population density of test nematode up to 93.4%, whereas an increase of up to 46% in FP compared to initial population. Analysis of root and soil samples of both rice and wheat crop from IPM fields showed either no visible galling or only 1-3% root galling severity (RGS) and significantly (P>0.05) low population density compared to FP. In addition, the population of beneficial soil nematodes (BSN) remained high and significantly (P>0.05) higher in IPM as compared to FP with student's t-test. Role of BSN in increasing the nutrient availability through organic matter decomposition has already been established. It is evident from the study that IPM technology might have played important role in antagonising the M. graminicola and increased the density of BSN. This technologycould be a safe and eco-friendly alternative to manage M. graminicola below ETL. Also, it has helped in sustaining IPM by the way of saving on the cost of application of pesticides and enhancing the benefit-cost ratio.
Role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in agriculture trade’s information
Authors: KUMAR RUPENDER , CHAHAL PARDEEP , MUKTESHAWAR R , MEENA DEVENDRA KUMAR , KUMAR SANJEEV
Published: October 2022

The present study was carried out in four districts of Haryana during 2017. Farmers use ICTs for various activities such as marketing, marketing price, time of market inflow, quality parameters that affect price, marketing procedure and other facilities available at marketplace. The results indicate that majority of the farmers use ICTs for the purpose of information of weather forecasting, crops related government policies, credit/loan facilities for crops cultivation, insurance of crop and subsidies for crop cultivation. The variables: education, socio-economic status, land holding, extension contact, mass media exposure, scientific orientation, economic motivation and risk orientation exhibited significantly positive correlation with marketing of agricultural produce, whereas age was significantly negatively correlated with marketing. The regression analysis shows significantly positive impact of education, socio-economic status, land holding, extension contact, mass media exposure, economic motivation and risk orientation on agricultural produce marketing, whereas, age, scientific orientation and irrigation facilities exhibited significantly negative impact on marketing.
Study of genetic diversity using molecular markers in sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
Authors: DHUTMAL RAJESH , MALOO SHIV RATAN , MORE A W , SHARMA VIJAY , ANU  , SINGH VIVEK K
Published: October 2022

Considering the significance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivation under diverse agro-climatic conditions, present study was done to recognize assorted parental lines utilizing RAPD and ISSR markers to lessen environmental effects or test blunders at Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUA & T, Udaipur, Rajasthan during 2016. In the present study, RAPD primers produced 334 polymorphic band and ISSR primers produced 160 polymorphic bands. RAPD primers detected more polymorphic loci (56.88%) than the ISSR primers (52.24%). The dendrograms constructed by RAPD, ISSR primers and pooled data were associated with each other, indicating the efficacy of both marker systems in genetic diversity study of sunflower. Based on RAPD, ISSR and pooled data analysis, the restorer line EC 623023, R 16 and seed parental line CMS 234B, PET 2-7-1B were found to be genetically most diverse and fall into different groups. Therefore, their genetic origin seems to be different and could be efficiently used in sunflower breeding programs.
Interactive effect of sowing and water stress on rate of LAI and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: DHAKAR RAJKUMAR , SEHGAL VINAY KUMAR , CHAKRABORTY DEBASISH , MUKHERJEE JOYDEEP
Published: October 2022

Understanding the behavior of crops under interactive effect of different abiotic stresses is the need of hour. Present study aimed to examine the interactive effect of late planting and deficit irrigation on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and development in semi-arid environment. The field experimentation with two planting dates and three levels of irrigation was conducted during rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. The results showed that response of water stress on wheat growth and development behaved in similar manner as of that in late planting. The reduction in LAI, biomass, yield and yield attributes was observed under independent effect of water stress as well as late planting with varied magnitude. Noticeably, late sowing had large influence on rate of LAI change in the order of 20% and 47% in greening and senescence phase, respectively than deficit irrigation. The slowdown of LAI change in greening phase is also associated with faster senescence in late phase of crop growth. However, the additive effect was observed under combined water deficit and late planting conditions. It may be concluded that the co-existence of limited water availability and late planting is most detrimental to wheat growth and development ultimately on crop yields in semiarid environment. Therefore, suitable agronomic and breeding strategies must be devised to mitigate the hampering effect of combined reduced water availability and late planting conditions.
Farmers' varieties to increase nutritional security, eco-system resiliency and farmers' income
Authors: SINGH R P , AGRAWAL R C
Published: October 2022

The successful development and deployment of widely adapted, photo-thermo insensitive and input responsive high yielding varieties (HYVs) in cereals along with required inputs and favorable policy reforms heralded green revolution (GR) in the country which changed India's status from food unsecured food secured and food surplus nation. However, HYVs displaced the locally adapted, climate resilient and resource efficient, but low yielding farmerâ€™s varieties (FVs) initially from the irrigated areas and later on from the risk prone, low input, marginal and rainfed areas but the HYVs/ hybrids could not replace FVs completely and FVs still occupy significant areas in different low input marginal areas and still providing valuable ecosystem's provisioning, regulating and cultural services. India being member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) adopted and implemented Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) in the form of Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights (PPV&FR) Act (2001) and Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act (1999) known GIs to protect even FVs by providing PVP certificates and registered as Goods respectively by these legislations. FVs are also known to have special nutritional/medicinal/ therapeutic value in addition to adaptive traits have been protected either through PPV&FR Act or through GIs as Goods. Moreover, under GIs registration and protection FVs being having the heritage varietal status supposed to have high commercial values for trade like several kinds of Rice. Interestingly, in both legislative protections, Rice FVs dominate the scene. Virtually, the economical produce of FVs as Goods under GIs have domestic as well as international market and receive the premium prices. The FVs with special nutritional/aroma/medicinal traits with distinct identity and protected under PPV&FR Act, should also get higher economic returns if there is policy support by the Government. Currently, to mitigate the adverse effects due to climate change, breeding new varieties with specific instead of wide adaptation is advocated and the FVs by virtue of having specific adaptive traits as well as increased resource efficiency present themselves as ideal candidates for using as donors. The FVs can also be used for enhanced nutritional security as well as promoting agricultural trade to increase farmers' income.
VENTILAR. CUERPOS TRABAJADORES, CLIMA Y ARQUITECTURA
Authors: Otero Verzier Marina
Published: October 2022

“Ventilar. Cuerpos trabajadores, clima y arquitectura” examina el aire como material cri?tico y las arquitecturas que se desarrollaron para facilitar su movimiento en espacios interiores. El texto analiza las relaciones entre cuerpos, el clima y la arquitectura a trave?s de contextos y proyectos histo?ricos y su conexio?n con conflictos contempora?neos. En particular, explora co?mo el desarrollo de sistemas de ventilacio?n para espacios interiores estuvo impulsado por los regi?menes del colonialismo y la esclavitud.
MOBILE COMMMERCE PENJUALAN PADA TB. GALANG DI DESA NEGERI KATON
Authors: Kasmi Kasmi , Triatmojo Wahyu
Published: October 2022

TB. Galang is a building shop located in Katon Country which sells various building materials such as cement, ceramics, natural stone and other building tools. Sales and purchase transactions are still carried out using note paper, where the supply of goods in the sales transaction is still handwritten, so that errors can still occur in writing data, because it becomes inaccurate when goods come in, until the profit calculation is less efficient, when doing it. sales transactions. When making a more computerized sales transaction, an Information System design is built to make sales easier, and in the system it has a feature that can search for stock items, provision of goods in a report, profit, and sales transactions. This system uses the waterfall research method. The existence of this information system, everything can be done easily and goes well in making sales transactions. The existence of this system can increase the number of sales and make it easier to produce sales reports.
IMPLEMENTASI PLATFORM DIGITAL SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMASARAN DISTRIBUTOR HASIL PERTANIAN DESA PEKALONGAN LAMPUNG TIMUR
Authors: Megasari Megasari
Published: October 2022

Saat ini hampir seluruh aktivitas kehidupan manusia sudah tidak bisa terlepas dari penggunaan teknologi informasi seperti perdagangan dan pemasaran. Persaingan pasar yang semakin kompetitif merupakan salah satu dampak dari perkembangan teknologi, untuk itu para pelaku bisnis perlu melakukan inovasi dan strategi baru untuk bersaing di era teknologi dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknogi itu sendiri seperti memanfaatkan platform digital sebagai media pemasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang platform digital sebagai media pemasaran untuk mempermudah proses pemasaran distributor hasil pertanian desa pekalongan lampung timur. Pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu model prototype. Hasil penelitian implementasi pengolahan sistem pemasaran berbasis web mobile pada distributor hasil pertanian desa pekalongan tidak perlu lagi dilakukan secara manual melalui perantara teman ataupun kerabat dari mulut-kemulut menjadi tersistem menggunakan teknologi informasi dalam pengolahan data karna sudah adanya sistem basis data atau database.
Trigeminal Neuralgia and Potential Correlations with Anatomical Variations of the Trigeminal Nerve
Authors: Alwardian Mamdouh , Chrysikos Dimosthenis , Samolis Alexandros , Papachristou Athina , Spartalis Eleftherios , Piagkou Maria , Troupis Theodore
Published: October 2022

Objective. Trigeminal neuralgia is a long-term facial pain syndrome. Our aim was to review the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and its anatomical relationship with the adjacent structures that may contribute to the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia

Methods. Eligible articles were identified by a search of the Medline Embase, Pubmed Cinahl and Google Scholar bibliographical databases. We checked all the references of the relevant reviews and eligible articles that our search retrieved, in order to identify potentially eligible conference abstracts. Titles of interest were further reviewed by abstract. Case reports were excluded.

Results. Trigeminal neuralgia syndrome seems to be caused by anatomical variations of the trigeminal nerve and its adjacent anatomical structures, mainly through compression. We depict the causes, the pathogenesis, and the clinical manifestations of the syndrome. The classification, diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, and treatment modalities are also presented and they may be personalized according to the anatomical variations of the trigeminal nerve present, which may lead to trigeminal neuralgia syndrome.

Conclusion. It is very important to be very careful in cases of new emerging neuralgia and to avoid the term “idiopathic” until proven otherwise by validating the newer and more appropriate tests and diagnostic criteria. Current data are insufficient and future research is needed in order to discover innovative and more effective treatments of trigeminal neuralgia, considering the anatomy and the anatomical variations of the trigeminal nerve.