bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Pharmacological Effect and Mechanism of Jinbei Oral Liquid in the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Zhang Aijun , Zou Yixuan , Xu Qingcui , Tian Shuo , Wang Jie , Li Yilin , Dong Renchao , Zhang Liangzong , Jiang Juanjuan , Wang Lili , Tao Kai , Meng Zhaoqing , Liu Yanqiu
Published: June 2022

Overview: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease caused by many factors, eventually resulting in lung function failure. Jinbei oral liquid (JBOL) is a traditional Chinese clinical medicine used to treat pulmonary diseases. However, the pharmacological effects and mechanism of the action of JBOL on IPF remain unclear. This study investigated the protective effects and mechanism of the action of JBOL on IPF using network pharmacology analysis, followed by in vivo and in vitro experimental validation.

Methods: The components of JBOL and their targets were screened using the TCMSP database. IPF-associated genes were obtained using DisGeNET and Drugbank. The common targets of JBOL and IPF were identified with the STRING database, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. GO and KEGG analyses were performed. Sprague–Dawley rats were injected with bleomycin (BLM) to establish an IPF model and treated orally with JBOL at doses of 5.4, 10.8, and 21.6 ml/kg. A dose of 54 mg/kg of pirfenidone was used as a control. All rats were treated for 28 successive days. Dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn), minute ventilation volume (MVV), vital capacity (VC), and lung resistance (LR) were used to evaluate the efficacy of JBOL. TGF-β–treated A549 cells were exposed to JBOL, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) changes were assessed. Western blots were performed.

Results: Two hundred seventy-eight compounds and 374 targets were screened, and 103 targets related to IPF were identified. Core targets, including MAPK1 (ERK2), MAPK14 (p38), JUN, IL-6, AKT, and others, were identified by constructing a PPI network. Several pathways were involved, including the MAPK pathway. Experimentally, JBOL increased the levels of the pulmonary function indices (Cdyn, MVV, and VC) in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the RL level in the BLM-treated rats. JBOL increased the epithelial marker E-cadherin and suppressed the mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in the TGF-β–treated A549 cells. The suppression of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation by JBOL was validated.

Conclusion: JBOL had therapeutic effects against IPF by regulating pulmonary function and EMT through a systemic network mechanism, thus supporting the need for future clinical trials of JBOL.
Industrial Investment Funds, Government R&D Subsidies, and Technological Innovation: Evidence From Chinese Companies
Authors: Ren Yuan-ming
Published: June 2022

Industrial investment funds are a new financing innovation mode that can build an effective financing channel for enterprises.Based on the panel data of Chinese Listed Companies in 2008–2017, this manuscript constructed a static panel model between industrial investment funds, government R&D subsidies, and technological innovation to empirically analyze the effects of industrial investment fund involvement and government R&D subsidies on companies’ technological innovation. The research shows that industrial investment fund involvement can increase the company’s R&D investment by providing financial funds for the company, which can effectively solve the company’s lack of funds in the process of technological innovation and guarantee the smooth running of the company’s innovation activities. Secondly, government R&D subsidies can alleviate the pressure of R&D investment to a certain extent, which is conducive to promote a higher level of technological innovation in the company. Thirdly, for companies with industrial investment fund involvement, government R&D subsidies are conducive to promote technological innovation. In contrast, for companies without industrial investment fund involvement, government R&D subsidies have no significant impact on technological innovation to a certain extent or even have a “crowding out effect.”
Relationship Between Unhappy Musicians, Resistance Toward Innovation and Uncreative Music Products: Psychological Security as Moderator
Authors: Liang Wei , Akhter Shamim , Kumar Tribhuwan
Published: June 2022

Recently, uncreative music products have become a global issue due to the unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation that needs researchers’ focus. This article explores the impact of unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation on uncreative music products in Malaysia. This article also investigates the moderating role of psychological security among the relationships of unhappy musicians, resistance to innovation, and uncreative music products in Malaysia. This study has applied the questionnaire method to gather the primary data from the selected respondents. The researchers have also applied the smart-PLS to check the nexus among constructs and test the hypotheses. The results revealed that unhappy musicians and resistance to innovation have a significant and positive linkage with uncreative music products in Malaysia. The results also revealed that psychological security significantly moderates the linkage among unhappy musicians, resistance to innovation, and uncreative music products in Malaysia. Thus, this study guides the regulators to develop the regulations to reduce the unhappiness among musicians and motivates the regulators to adopt innovation to increase the creative music product in Malaysia.
Central Obesity Is Associated With an Increased Rate of Multisite Pain in Older Adults
Authors: Dimino Cara , Teruya Sergio L. , Silverman Kevin D. , Mielenz Thelma J.
Published: June 2022

Objective

Central obesity has been associated with several adverse health events, but little research exists about the longitudinal effects of central obesity on multisite pain. The purpose of this study was to assess if central obesity, as measured by waist circumference measurement, was associated with an increased rate of having multisite pain among older adults aged 65 years and older.

Design

The National Health and Aging Trends Study is a longitudinal cohort study initiated in 2011 and intended to be representative of Medicare beneficiaries in the contiguous United States.

Methods

There were 7,145 community-dwelling participants included in this study. Data for this study were collected annually between 2011 and 2018. Researchers assessed if waist circumference risk level was associated with an increased rate ratio of multisite pain. Weighted data were used in a multivariable generalized estimating equation model that used a log link specified with a Poisson distribution.

Results

Participants with high-risk waist circumferences (98 cm or greater for women and 109 cm or greater for men) had a 11% higher rate of multisite pain than those with low-risk waist circumferences [rate ratio (RR) 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07–1.15] adjusting for gender, age, race, education, probable major depression, arthritis, and multimorbidity count.

Conclusion

As measured by waist circumference, central adiposity is associated with multisite pain in older adults. While more research is needed, reducing waist circumference may prove beneficial in reducing the burden of multisite pain.
Quality of Internet Videos Related to Pediatric Urology in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bai Gaochen , Fu Kai , Fu Wen , Liu Guochang
Published: June 2022

Background

Pediatric urological diseases pose serious threats to children's physical and mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in poor pediatric outcomes for cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and testicular torsion. Presently, many people tend to seek health information via social media platforms. This study aims to quantitatively assess the quality of videos as an information source for pediatric urology in mainland China.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a search was performed on social media platforms (Tiktok, Bilibili, and Weibo) with the search terms “cryptorchidism”, “hypospadias”, and “testicular torsion”. The first 30 results with any search term listed by relevance were selected in each platform. Video features (duration, number of likes, comments, and shares) and video sources were collected. Each video included in the study was assessed using DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria, and Hexagonal Radar Schema. A correlation analysis was performed considering video features, video source, DISCERN scores and JAMA scores.

Results

A total of 152 videos were included and analyzed. The majority of videos were from physicians (65.8%). According to the DISCERN classification, most videos were rated as “very poor” (48.0%) and “poor” (36.8%). The mean DISCERN and JAMA scores were 36.56 and 2.68, respectively. The duration of videos uploaded by physicians was the shortest (P < 0.001). The video source had no relevance to numbers of “likes”, “comments”, “shares”, DISCERN scores, and JAMA scores (all P-values > 0.05). Other than video duration (P < 0.001), there was no statistically significant difference between groups for any of the recorded or calculated video data (all P values > 0.05). Hexagonal Radar Charts showed the severe imbalance and deficiency of video information. In general, Tiktok videos with the shortest duration received the most numbers of “likes”, “comments”, and “shares”, whereas the overall quality of videos on Weibo was relatively high.

Conclusions

Despite most of the videos on social media platforms being uploaded by medical authors, the overall quality was poor. The misleading, inaccurate and incomplete information may pose a health risk to the viewers, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Much effort needs to be undertaken to improve the quality of health-related videos regarding pediatric urology.
Seismic Cartography of White-Dwarf Interiors From the Toulouse-Montréal Optimal-Design Approach
Authors: Giammichele Noemi , Charpinet Stéphane , Brassard Pierre
Published: June 2022

Probing internal properties of white-dwarf stars has been amongst the earliest objectives of asteroseismology, following the first discovery in the late 1960s of non-radial pulsations in these evolved compact stars. It was swiftly recognized that white-dwarf pulsators could offer new opportunities to unravel their inner structure and dynamics from the observed low-degree, low-order gravity (g-)modes. From these early days on, many approaches have been attempted to fully exploit this potential, with various levels of success. Here, we review the most recent efforts from our group to perform a complete seismic cartography of white-dwarf interiors. Our approach involves new models incorporating flexible internal profiles for the main chemical constituents (H, He, C, and O) that are optimized, along with other fundamental parameters (Teff and log  g), to determine the stellar structure that best reproduces the observed period spectrum of a given star. The method is meant to reduce as much as possible solution dependency relative to stellar evolution uncertainties. The outcome is a full seismic model of the pulsating white-dwarf star under consideration, including its internal core and envelope chemical stratification. Searching for seismic solutions that do not depend on stellar evolution calculations is a key requirement of this strategy. Late stages of evolution that ultimately shape the inner structure of white dwarf stars are known to rely on still uncertain processes. One of our hopes is to be able to test these processes, therefore requiring that seismic models do not incorporate strong preconceived expectations from evolutionary models. We present and discuss results obtained so far from the application of this method to a handful of DB and DA pulsators. In all cases, significant qualitative improvements of the seismic solutions is obtained, providing as an outcome strong quantitative constraints on the core chemical structure of these stars. In particular, we consistently find that the homogeneous C/O mixed core, inherited from the core helium-burning phase, is ∼40% larger (in mass) and ∼15% richer in oxygen (in mass fraction) than expected from standard evolution calculations. Such results constitute precious guidelines for modeling late stages of stellar evolution and better understanding their constitutive physics. As an illustration of this, we show that the central oxygen mass fraction measured by seismology can indeed be reproduced when helium-burning cores experience the so-called breathing pulses. The latter are usually suppressed in standard evolution calculations, as the result of an old debate whether such events are real or numerical artefacts. In other words, our seismic determination of the central amount of oxygen in white dwarfs provides evidence that breathing pulses occurred in the core of their progenitors and should not be dismissed in models after all.
Microaggressions: Prevalence and Perspectives of Residents and Fellows in Post-Graduate Medical Education in Kuwait
Authors: Al Rashed Asmaa , Al Yousef Rawan , Alhouti Farah
Published: June 2022

Objective

Microaggression prevalence in post-graduate medical education is unknown in Kuwait. The objective is to determine the prevalence of and capture the perspectives on microaggression among post-graduate trainees in Kuwait.

Materials and Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of an anonymous online survey targeting residents and fellows in Kuwait. Data collected included demographics, level of training, country of training, microaggression experience, types, and response. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression, respectively.

Results

A total of 319 participants (69.1% females) included 52% junior residents, 39.2% senior residents, and 8.78% fellows. Forty-three percent were aware of the microaggression definition. The percentage was significantly higher in respondents from Gulf/Middle East Countries (57.9%) than from Kuwait. Approximately three-quarters experienced microaggressions. Senior residents were more likely to report exposure to microaggressions [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, P < 0.05] and had higher odds of exposure than juniors (OR = 9.85, P < 0.05). Exposure to microaggressions was highest in surgery/surgical specialties. The most common act of microaggression was verbal, followed by invalidation/dismissal of thoughts/ideas, and then acts of discrimination. Of those who experienced microaggressions, two-thirds thought that the experience had a psychological effect on them. Both groups reported low confidence in dealing with microaggressions (Gulf/Middle East Countries 18.8% and Kuwait 30.1%); the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Microaggressions are common among post-graduate medical trainees in Kuwait. Implementation of strategies to manage it is necessary. Further research on its impact on medical-training outcomes is needed.
Individual and Joint Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol and Hydroxytyrosol Acetate on the Oxidation of Sunflower Oil Submitted to Oxidative Conditions: A Study by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Caño-Ochoa Sofía del , Ruiz-Aracama Ainhoa , Guillén María D.
Published: June 2022

This study tackles the individual and joint effect of alpha-tocopherol and hydroxytyrosol acetate on the oxidation of sunflower oil submitted to accelerated storage conditions at intermediate temperature, in order to deepen the understanding of antioxidant–prooxidant behaviour. This was accomplished by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. For this purpose, the evolution of the degradation of both the main components of the oil and the aforementioned added compounds was monitored by this technique throughout the storage time. Furthermore, the formation of a very large number of oxylipins and the evolution of their concentration up to a very advanced stage of oil oxidation, as well as the occurrence of lipolysis, were also simultaneously studied. The results obtained show very clearly and thoroughly that in the oxidation process of the oil enriched in binary mixtures, interactions occur between alpha-tocopherol and hydroxytyrosol acetate that notably reduce the antioxidant effect of the latter compound with the corresponding negative consequences that this entails. The methodology used here has proved to be very efficient to evaluate the antioxidant power of mixtures of compounds.
Perspective Studies on Perugino’s and Raffaello’s Painted Architecture
Authors: Colonnese Fabio
Published: June 2022

The architecture that the Renaissance artists depicted in their works constitutes a vast reservoir of formal solutions that influenced (and were reciprocally influenced by) built architecture. Generally painted according to a rigorous perspective structure, most painted architecture can be restituted and modelled to become part of the Virtual Heritage that develops and extends its knowledge to a wider range of people and scholars. These procedures are here applied to some of the works of Pietro Perugino and Raffaello, a master and his student, in order to define their specific approach to composition, perspective, and architecture. The application of these procedures produced some primary results—the architecture restitutions in plan and elevation or section—and some secondary results concerning the way painted architecture was conceived, represented in perspective, and received as well as it was related to actual architecture.
C-Reactive Protein and Serum Albumin Ratio: A Feasible Prognostic Marker in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Giner-Galvañ Vicente , Pomares-Gómez Francisco , Quesada José , Rubio-Rivas Manuel , Tejada-Montes Javier , Baltasar-Corral Jesús , Taboada-Martínez María , Sánchez-Mesa Blanca , Arnalich-Fernández Francisco , Del Corral-Beamonte Esther , López-Sampalo Almudena , Pesqueira-Fontán Paula , Fernández-Garcés Mar , Gómez-Huelgas Ricardo , Ramos-Rincón José ,   on behalf of the SEMI-COVID-19 Network
Published: June 2022

(1) Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin are inflammatory markers. We analyzed the prognostic capacity of serum albumin (SA) and CRP for an outcome comprising mortality, length of stay, ICU admission, and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on the Spanish national SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. Two multivariate logistic models were adjusted for SA, CRP, and their combination. Training and testing samples were used to validate the models. (3) Results: The outcome was present in 41.1% of the 3471 participants, who had lower SA (mean [SD], 3.5 [0.6] g/dL vs. 3.8 [0.5] g/dL; p < 0.001) and higher CRP (108.9 [96.5] mg/L vs. 70.6 [70.3] mg/L; p < 0.001). In the adjusted multivariate model, both were associated with poorer evolution: SA, OR 0.674 (95% CI, 0.551–0.826; p < 0.001); CRP, OR 1.002 (95% CI, 1.001–1.004; p = 0.003). The CRP/SA model had a similar predictive capacity (honest AUC, 0.8135 [0.7865–0.8405]), with a continuously increasing risk and cutoff value of 25 showing the highest predictive capacity (OR, 1.470; 95% CI, 1.188–1.819; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: SA and CRP are good independent predictors of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. For the CRP/SA ratio value, 25 is the cutoff for poor clinical course.
Comparison of Transcriptional Signatures of Three Staphylococcal Superantigenic Toxins in Human Melanocytes
Authors: Chakraborty Nabarun , Srinivasan Seshamalini , Yang Ruoting , Miller Stacy-Ann , Gautam Aarti , Detwiler Leanne J. , Carney Bonnie C. , Alkhalil Abdulnaser , Moffatt Lauren T. , Jett Marti , Shupp Jeffrey W. , Hammamieh Rasha
Published: June 2022

Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive bacterium, causes toxic shock through the production of superantigenic toxins (sAgs) known as Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE), serotypes A-J (SEA, SEB, etc.), and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). The chronology of host transcriptomic events that characterizes the response to the pathogenesis of superantigenic toxicity remains uncertain. The focus of this study was to elucidate time-resolved host responses to three toxins of the superantigenic family, namely SEA, SEB, and TSST-1. Due to the evolving critical role of melanocytes in the host’s immune response against environmental harmful elements, we investigated herein the transcriptomic responses of melanocytes after treatment with 200 ng/mL of SEA, SEB, or TSST-1 for 0.5, 2, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h. Functional analysis indicated that each of these three toxins induced a specific transcriptional pattern. In particular, the time-resolved transcriptional modulations due to SEB exposure were very distinct from those induced by SEA and TSST-1. The three superantigens share some similarities in the mechanisms underlying apoptosis, innate immunity, and other biological processes. Superantigen-specific signatures were determined for the functional dynamics related to necrosis, cytokine production, and acute-phase response. These differentially regulated networks can be targeted for therapeutic intervention and marked as the distinguishing factors for the three sAgs.
Valorization of Spent Coffee Grounds as a Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds for Several Industrial Applications—A Volatilomic Approach
Authors: Andrade Carolina , Perestrelo Rosa , Câmara José S.
Published: June 2022

Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide, whose production and consumption result in large amounts of waste, namely spent coffee grounds, constituting an important source of compounds for several industrial applications. This work focused on the establishment of the volatile fingerprint of five spent coffee grounds from different geographical origins using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS), as a strategy to identify volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) with potential application in the food industry as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative agents. One hundred eleven VOMs belonging to different chemical families were identified, of which 60 were found in all spent coffee grounds analyzed. Furanic compounds (34%), nitrogen compounds (30%), and esters (19%) contributed significant to the total volatile fingerprint. The data obtained suggest that spent coffee grounds have great potential to be used as raw material for different approaches in the food industry towards the development of new food ingredients or products for human consumption, in addition to pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, namely as antioxidant (e.g., limonene, carvacrol), antimicrobial (e.g., pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, β-myrcene) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., furfural, 2-furanmethanol) agents, promoting their integral valorization within the circular bioeconomy concept.
Treatment, Diagnostic Criteria and Variability of Terminology for Lateral Elbow Pain: Findings from an Overview of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Di Filippo Luigi , Vincenzi Simone , Pennella Denis , Maselli Filippo
Published: June 2022

Background: Lateral elbow pain (LEP) represents a musculoskeletal disorder affecting the epicondyloid region of the elbow. The terminological framework of this problem in literature, to date, is confusing. This systematic review (SR) aims to analyse the panorama of the scientific literature concerning the pathogenetic framework, treatment, and clinical diagnosis of LEP. Methods: We conducted an SR according to the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. We performed research using the electronic Medline, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Library databases. The research started on 12 January 2022 and finished on 30 April 2022. We included all systematic reviews and meta-analyses published, in English, between 1989 and 2022. The articles’ selection was based on critical appraisal using Amstar 2. In the selected reviews we obtained the etiopathogenic terminology used to describe the symptoms, treatment, and diagnostic criteria of LEP. Results: Twenty-five SRs met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. From these SRs, 227 RCT articles were analysed and different treatments proposals were extracted, such as exercise, manipulation corticosteroid injection, and surgery. In the selected articles, 10 different terms emerged to describe LEP and 12 different clinical tests. The most common treatments detected in this SR were a conservative multimodal approach (e.g., eccentric exercises, manual therapy, acupuncture, ultrasound), then surgery or other invasive treatments (e.g., corticosteroid injection, tenotomy). The most common term detected in this SR was “lateral epicondylitis” (n = 95, 51.6%), followed by “tennis elbow” (n = 51, 28.1%) and “lateral epicondylalgia” (n = 18, 9.4%). Among the diagnostic tests were painful palpation (n = 101, 46.8%), the Cozen test (n = 91, 42.1%), the pain-free grip-strength test (n = 41, 19.0%), and the Maudsley test (n = 48, 22.2%). A total of 43.1% of RCTs (n = 96) included subjects with LEP > 3 months, 40.2% (n = 85) included patients with LEP < 3 months, and 16.7% of the items (n = 35) were not specified by the inclusion criteria on the onset of symptoms. Conclusions: In this SR, a considerable terminological heterogeneity emerged in the description of LEP, associated with the lack of clear and recognised diagnostic criteria in evaluating and treating patients with lateral elbow pain.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Phosphoric Acid Activated Geopolymer Materials Reinforced with Mullite Fibers
Authors: Wei Qingxin , Liu Yang , Le Huirong
Published: June 2022

This article investigates several important properties, such as thermal resistance, mechanical properties, and phase evolution, of geopolymer ceramics reinforced with mullite fibers. This particular fiber reinforcing geopolymer composites was prepared from kaolinite and mullite fibers with phosphoric acid as activator. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to determine the phase evolution and strengthening mechanisms. With the addition of mullite fibers, the mechanical properties increased by at least 20%. The optimum flexural strength exceeded 13 MPa. It was found that mullite fibers had desirable interface bonding with this type of geopolymer, promoting both crack deflection and fiber pullout strengthening mechanisms. This was correlated with a significant strengthening effect of the fibers. The linear shrinkage after heat treatment at 1150 °C~1550 °C was investigated and correlated with XRD analyses. The addition of mullite fibers reduced the linear shrinkage significantly up to 1350 °C. The large linear shrinkage above 1450 °C was correlated with the decomposition and melting of the AlPO4 phase.
Boosting Lithium Storage of a Metal-Organic Framework via Zinc Doping
Authors: Gou Wenshan , Xu Zhao , Lin Xueyu , Sun Yifei , Han Xuguang , Liu Mengmeng , Zhang Yan
Published: June 2022

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as a predominant power source are widely used in large-scale energy storage fields. For the next-generation energy storage LIBs, it is primary to seek the high capacity and long lifespan electrode materials. Nickel and purified terephthalic acid-based MOF (Ni-PTA) with a series amounts of zinc dopant (0, 20, 50%) are successfully synthesized in this work and evaluated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Among them, the 20% atom fraction Zn-doped Ni-PTA (Zn0.2-Ni-PTA) exhibits a high specific capacity of 921.4 mA h g−1 and 739.6 mA h g−1 at different current densities of 100 and 500 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. The optimized electrochemical performance of Zn0.2-Ni-PTA can be attributed to its low charge transfer resistance and high lithium-ion diffusion rate resulting from expanded interplanar spacing after moderate Zn doping. Moreover, a full cell is fabricated based on the LiFePO4 cathode and as-prepared MOF. The Zn0.2-Ni-PTA shows a reversible specific capacity of 97.9 mA h g−1 with 86.1% capacity retention (0.5 C) after 100 cycles, demonstrating the superior electrochemical performance of Zn0.2-Ni-PTA anode as a promising candidate for practical lithium-ion batteries.
Machine Learning-Based Cardiac Arrest Prediction for Early Warning System
Authors: Chae Minsu , Gil Hyo-Wook , Cho Nam-Jun , Lee Hwamin
Published: June 2022

The early warning system detects early and responds quickly to emergencies in high-risk patients, such as cardiac arrest in hospitalized patients. However, traditional early warning systems have the problem of frequent false alarms due to low positive predictive value and sensitivity. We conducted early prediction research on cardiac arrest using time-series data such as biosignal and laboratory data. To derive the data attributes that affect the occurrence of cardiac arrest, we performed a correlation analysis between the occurrence of cardiac arrest and the biosignal data and laboratory data. To improve the positive predictive value and sensitivity of early cardiac arrest prediction, we evaluated the performance according to the length of the time series of measured biosignal data, laboratory data, and patient data range. We propose a machine learning and deep learning algorithm: the decision tree, random forest, logistic regression, long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, and the LSTM–GRU hybrid model. We evaluated cardiac arrest prediction models. In the case of our proposed LSTM model, the positive predictive value was 85.92% and the sensitivity was 89.70%.
Tillage Promotes the Migration and Coexistence of Bacteria Communities from an Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Tibet
Authors: Zhao Yuhong , Wang Mingtao , Yang Yuyi , Shang Peng , Zhang Weihong
Published: June 2022

In the Tibetan agro-pastoral ecotone, which has an altitude of 4000 m above sea level, small-scale cropland tillage has been exploited on the grassland surrounding the houses of farmers and herdsmen. However, knowledge of the effects of land change from grassland to cropland on soil nutrients and microbial communities is poor. Here, we investigated the structure and assembly mechanism of bacterial communities in cropland (tillage) and grassland (non-tillage) from an agro-pastoral ecotone of Tibet. Results indicated that soil nutrients and composition of bacterial communities changed dramatically in the process of land-use change from grassland to cropland. The pH value and the content of total nitrogen, organic material, total potassium, and total phosphorus in cropland soil were well above those in grassland soil, whereas the soil bulk density and ammonia nitrogen content in grassland soil were higher than those in cropland soil. Proteobacteria (30.5%) and Acidobacteria (21.7%) were the key components in cropland soil, whereas Proteobacteria (31.5%) and Actinobacteria (27.7%) were the main components in grassland soils. Tillage promotes uniformity of bacterial communities in cropland soils. In particular, the higher migration rate may increase the coexistence patterns of the bacterial community in cropland soils. These results also suggest that the tillage promotes the migration and coexistence of bacterial communities in the grassland soil of an agro-pastoral ecotone. In addition, the stochastic process was the dominant assembly pattern of the bacterial community in cropland, whereas, in grassland soil, the community assembly was more deterministic. These findings provide new insights into the changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities during the conversion of grassland to cropland in the agro-pastoral ecotone.
Enhanced Antibiotic Tolerance of an In Vitro Multispecies Uropathogen Biofilm Model, Useful for Studies of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Hou Jiapeng , Wang Lutian , Alm Martin , Thomsen Peter , Monsen Tor , Ramstedt Madeleine , Burmølle Mette
Published: June 2022

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are a common clinical concern as they can lead to severe, persistent infections or bacteremia in long-term catheterized patients. This type of CAUTI is difficult to eradicate, as they are caused by multispecies biofilms that may have reduced susceptibility to antibiotics. Many new strategies to tackle CAUTI have been proposed in the past decade, including antibiotic combination treatments, surface modification and probiotic usage. However, those strategies were mainly assessed on mono- or dual-species biofilms that hardly represent the long-term CAUTI cases where, normally, 2–4 or even more species can be involved. We developed a four-species in vitro biofilm model on catheters involving clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca and Proteus mirabilis isolated from indwelling catheters. Interspecies interactions and responses to antibiotics were quantitatively assessed. Collaborative as well as competitive interactions were found among members in our model biofilm and those interactions affected the individual species’ abundances upon exposure to antibiotics as mono-, dual- or multispecies biofilms. Our study shows complex interactions between species during the assessment of CAUTI control strategies for biofilms and highlights the necessity of evaluating treatment and control regimes in a multispecies setting.
A Capability Maturity Model for Intelligent Manufacturing in Chair Industry Enterprises
Authors: Wang Wanqiang , Wang Jiadong , Chen Chang , Su Shaohui , Chu Changyong , Chen Guojin
Published: June 2022

Intelligent manufacturing has a strong role in promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries such as the chair industry. This study aimed to accurately evaluate the production status and technical level of chair industry enterprises, and then better guide chair industry enterprises to gradually implement intelligent manufacturing. Based on the analytic network process (ANP), we propose four capability domains, nine capability sub-domains, and 21 evaluation elements, thereby constructing an evaluation model for the capability maturity of chair industry enterprises’ intelligent manufacturing. First, the weight relationship of each index of the model was determined by means of an expert questionnaire. Then, super decision software was used to complete the modeling of the evaluation index of the network analytic hierarchy process. Finally, the evaluation model of the intelligent manufacturing maturity of chair industry enterprises was applied to 50 chair industry enterprises for evaluation and verification, and the evaluation results of the model proposed in this paper were compared with the evaluation results of the intelligent manufacturing maturity model released by China’s national standards. The results show that the evaluation model constructed in this study can better reflect the development status and overall technical level of intelligent manufacturing in the chair industry. Furthermore, the evaluation results can provide decision-making suggestions for chair industry enterprises to identify important areas for improvement and implementation of intelligent manufacturing upgrade plans.
Research on an Improved Sliding Mode Observer for Speed Estimation in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Chen Wenkai
Published: June 2022

Aimed at the problems of system chattering and large observation errors in the sensorless control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on a traditional sliding mode observer (SMO), a combined reaching law algorithm based on the exponential reaching law and arcsine saturation function reaching law is proposed to improve the sliding mode observer. An appropriate positive real number is taken and compared with the product of controller gain and stator current observation error to judge the system position in sliding mode motion. In the early stage of sliding mode motion, the exponential reaching law is utilized, and then, in the latter and stable stages of sliding mode motion, the arcsine saturation function reaching law is used. The stability of the observer is proved by Lyapunov theory. The simulation and experimental data show that the speed error of the sliding mode observer based on the combined reaching law is reduced by 80% compared with the traditional sliding mode observer, and the chattering problem is also improved.
Carbamazepine Overdose after Psychiatric Conditions: A Case Study for Postmortem Analysis in Human Bone
Authors: Fernández-López Lucia , Mancini Rosanna , Rotolo Maria-Concetta , Navarro-Zaragoza Javier , Hernández del Rincón Juan-Pedro , Falcón Maria
Published: June 2022

Carbamazepine is the main option used as a preventive medication to treat bipolar disorder when there is no response to lithium. Carbamazepine toxicity is defined as serum levels greater than 12 μg/mL, with severe toxicity occurring over 40 μg/mL, reduced to 30 μg/mL when combined with pharmacological treatment, i.e., benzodiazepines or antidepressants. For these reasons, it is necessary to find a validated tool to determine carbamazepine levels in an autopsy to rule out suicide or to know if the death was a consequence of an adverse drug reaction (ADR), especially when only bones can be accessed. We have validated a tool to detect and quantify drug concentration in bone. Our results showed a peak for carbamazepine at minute 12 and a mass fragment of 193 m/z. This case study is the first time in the literature that carbamazepine has been detected and quantified in bone. These results demonstrate that carbamazepine can be detected in bone tissue from forensic cases, but almost more importantly, that the method proposed is valid, reliable, and trustworthy.
Gamificación en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cangalaya-Sevillano Luis Miguel , Casazola-Cruz Oswaldo Daniel , Farfán Aguilar José Antonio
Published: June 2022

El propósito del estudio fue implementar la gamificación para la mejora del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en un curso a distancia a partir de la percepción de los estudiantes participantes. Para ello, se emplearon dos cuestionarios: uno para medir la mejora del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje y el otro para medir la pertinencia de la gamificación. Estos instrumentos fueron aplicados a 30 alumnos del curso Robótica matriculados en el ciclo regular 2020- B de la Universidad Nacional del Callao. Las sesiones se apoyaron en el uso de juegos que permitieron un proceso de que aprendizaje dinámico, interactivo y didáctico. Se obtuvo como resultado que la relación entre la gamificación y el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje es fuerte y directamente proporcional. Se concluye que la gamificación mejora del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje y la buena percepción de los estudiantes participantes.
Incidencia de la gestión directiva en la calidad educativa en tiempos de pandemia por el COVID-19
Authors: Majo Marrufo Helga Ruth , Mancarella Valladares Giancarlo Mariano , Gonzales-Sánchez Aracelli del Carmen , Mercado Marrufo Celia Emperatriz , Tello Aguilar Carmen Patricia
Published: June 2022

En el mes de marzo del año 2020 el gobierno peruano declaró la emergencia sanitaria por el COVID-19, estableciéndose el confinamiento obligatorio o cuarentena, por esta razón, se implementó la educación virtual, a distancia o remota. Este contexto, exigió que desde la gestión directiva se implementaran acciones convocando a todos los actores de la comunidad educativa para garantizar la continuidad del servicio educativo, Se formuló como objetivo, explicar la incidencia de la gestión directiva en la calidad educativa en tiempos de pandemia por el COVID-19. El método empleado fue el enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, se construyeron dos instrumentos en la escala de Likert, con 22 ítems. cada uno, los cuales fueron aplicados a una muestra de 84 directores, pertenecientes a escuelas de gestión privada. De acuerdo a los resultados del procesamiento estadístico de Naglkerke, empleando la regresión logística; comprobándose las hipótesis formuladas, permitió concluir que, existió incidencia de la gestión directiva en tiempos de pandemia por el COVID-19.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FIRST GENERAL PLAN OF ASTRAKHAN (1767–1769)
Authors: Berezkin S.
Published: June 2022

The history of a large-scale program of urban reconstruction and construction on model projects in the second half of the 18th century has been sufficiently studied in the fundamental works of Soviet researchers. However, the local context of regulating the planning structure of border towns continues to be actual topic due to new discoveries and the rapid degradation of the historical and architectural environment. This article summarizes and refines information about the creation of the first Highly approved general plan of Astrakhan in 1760s based on a comprehensive analysis of written and iconographic sources. Stages of development and authors of design solutions are identified. New archival materials and their description are introduced into scientific circulation. The share of participation and contribution of the architect Andrey Menshov, the Astrakhan governor Beketov N.A. and Kvasov A.V. – the chief architect of the “Commission for the Stone Construction in Saint Petersburg and Moscow” is specified. The analysis of the process of designing the general plan in urban planning and architectural aspects with indicating of recommendations and regulations for construction of residential buildings based on principles of regularity and ensemble is presented.
Políticas de selección y circulación del libro escolar en la Argentina decimonónica. Un estudio de caso (Santa Fe, 1870)
Authors: Baretta Mónica
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo analiza las políticas orientadas a regular la circulación de los libros escolares en un espacio hasta el momento desatendido: la zona rural de la provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina) hacia la década de 1870. Así, se apunta a reconocer el surgimiento de políticas provenientes de ciertos sectores del Estado (provincial y local) tendientes a regular las prácticas letradas en ese ámbito educativo. Se atenderá particularmente al rol de la iglesia católica en ese proceso, en un renovado contexto de creciente organización de la enseñanza pública y de profesionalización de la tarea pedagógica. El interés estará puesto, también, en observar la escasa correlación que había entre esas políticas y las prácticas efectivas. La gestión educativa aún descentralizada, sumada a la inestabilidad de maestros y escuelas propia del espacio rural de entonces, más las dificultades económicas y logísticas fueron factores que incidieron notablemente en el modo en que efectivamente se materializó la lectura escolar.
Briket Dari Limbah Organik Wortel Sebagai Upaya Pengolahan Limbah Industri Desa Giripurno, Kecamatan Bumiaji
Authors: Verbiawan Erza Anggara , Saputro Erwan Adi
Published: June 2022

Briquette is an alternative energy source which is a non-renewable fossil fuel substituent. In addition, briquettes are also one of the products of biomass fuel which are currently widely used as alternative fuels. Organic waste from vegetables is one of the potentials that can be developed into fuel in the form of biochar. Giripurno Village is a village with quite large agricultural products, but the processing of agricultural waste in the village is still not carried out optimally. One of the agricultural commodities in Giripurno Village is carrots where organic carrot waste has the potential to be processed into biochar or briquette fuel products. The purpose of this carrot waste treatment is so that the village community understands the potential of organic waste produced from agricultural products in Giripurno Village. The method used is by compiling a module for making carrot organic waste briquettes and conducting socialization and submitting the module to village representatives in order to increase the wider economic potential of the village. The results of carrot briquettes have a burning time resistance of 51.05 minutes with an ash content of 18.12%. Thus, carrot briquettes are one of the potentials to improve the village economy and can be used as one of the main commodities of Giripurno Village.
Pembinaan Branding dan Identitas UMKM Seni New Indigo Apparel & Clothing Dengan Metode Problem Based Learning
Authors: Tegar Andito  , Atmani Agnes Karina Pritha
Published: June 2022

New Indigo Apparel & Clothing adalah UMKM Seni yang berdiri pada tahun 2011 dengan nama Indigo. Perubahan nama tersebut dilakukan, setelah sekitar tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2013 sempat ditinggalkan pemiliknya untuk menempuh studi lanjut, dan dalam perjalanan usahanya mengalami permasalahan dengan rekan-rekan yang menjalankan usaha. Permasalahan kemudian diselesaikan dengan dikelolanya UMKM Seni New Indigo Apparel & Clothing oleh pemiliknya langsung dan dimulainya seperti dari awal mula berdiri. Pada awal mula berdiri UMKM Seni Indigo hanya melayani pemesanan t-shirt. Dalam perkembangannya kemudian New Indigo Apparel juga memproduksi kemeja, topi, hoody, dan lain sebagainya. Dari diskusi yang dilakukan oleh pengelola dan pembina, ditemui beberapa permasalahan terkait pemasaran dan branding. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain adalah kurangnya pengetahuan pengelola terhadap branding dan identitas serta penggunaan tampilan logo yang tidak konsisten. Di samping itu terdapat keinginan pengelola untuk memperkenalkan produk originalnya. Dari permasalahan tersebut, melalui Program Pembinaan UMKM Seni 2019 ISI Yogyakarta ditawarkan sejumlah solusi untuk membantu pengelola New Indigo Apparel & Clothing dalam memecahkan permasalahan tersebut. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah pembinaan melalui pendekatan problem based learning mengenai branding dan identitas, standar sistem identitas, dan pendokumentasian produk original.
Hadis Mecmualarında Yer Alan Kıraate Dair Hadislerin Değerlendirilmesi ve Bu Hadislerin Kıraat İlmindeki Yeri
Authors: ABLAY Rıfat
Published: June 2022

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, İslâm dininin birinci, hadisler ise ikinci kaynağı kabul edilmektedir. Hadis mecmualarında kıraat ilmine dair birtakım rivâyetler mevcuttur. İlgili rivâyetler; Kur’ân’daki bir ayetin veya bir kelimenin eda keyfiyetine dair olduğu gibi Kur’ân okuma adabı, Kur’ân’ı öğretmek ve öğrenmeye dair de olabilmektedir. Bu rivâyetlerde geçen kıraat farklılıkları, hadis ilminin kaidelerine göre sahih, hasen veya zayıf olabilmektedir. Sahih kabul edilen bir hadis rivâyetindeki kıraat farklılığı, kıraat ilmi literatüründe de sahih kabul görülür. Ancak bazı rivâyetler hadis ilmi açısından sahih kabul edilmesine rağmen resm-i mushafa ters düştüğü için şâz kıraat kabul edilmektedir. Öte yandan hadislerde zayıf kabul edilen bir kıraat rivâyeti, kıraat ilmi açısından sahih kabul edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda kıraat ilmi usulüne göre sahih olan bir veçhin neden hadis kaynaklarında zayıf görüldüğü, hadis ilmi literatüründe sahih görülen bir hadisteki kıraat veçhinin kıraat ilmi literatüründe neden şâz veya merdut görüldüğü hususları üzerinde durulacaktır.
Kur’an’a İşârî Yaklaşımlar
Authors: YILDIZ Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Çağdaş dönemde akıl, pozitivist, rasyonalist, natüralist vb. birtakım akımların tesiriyle neredeyse her konuda akıl, mutlak otorite kabul edilmiş ve tabir yerindeyse putlaştırılmıştır. Söz konusu fikri cereyanların gittikçe güçlendiği bu dönemde bilginin ayrıca keşf, ilham, basîret, feraset, mârifet ve yakîn gibi manevi yollarla da elde edilebileceğine dikkat çekmek gerekmektedir. Bu noktada tefsir ekolleri arasında işârî tefsir yönteminin bilgi temininde akla ilaveten yukarıda sözü edilen manevi yollara da müracaat ederek onları önemli bir referans kabul etmesi dikkat çekicidir. İşârî tefsir ekolünün bu yöntemi lehte ve aleyhte birçok görüşe sahne olmuştur. Son dönemlerde işârî tefsir ekolü hakkında bazı çalışmalara imza atıldığı gözlense de bunların sınırlı sayıda olduğu, dolayısıyla bu sahanın, alanında yetkin araştırmacıları beklediği belirtilmelidir.
Effects of Telerehabilitation on Swallowing Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Choi Hyun-Se , Lee Doo-Ho
Published: June 2022

Choi, Hyun-Se;Lee, Doo-H