bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Number of readmissions and its determinants among patients with heart failure at referral hospitals in Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia; 2023, A Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial model
Authors: Gedfew Mihretie , Tesfaye Bekele , Amha Haile , Wondie Tirusew , Gedif Getnet , Getaneh Wodajie , Akalu Tadesse Yirga , Yismaw Lieltework , Diress Gedefaw
Published: February 2024

Aim: This study aimed to determine the number of readmissions among patients with heart failure and identify the determinants of heart failure among patients at referral hospitals in the Amhara region, North western Ethiopia, in 2023.
Study design: A cross-sectional study design was employed using zero-inflated negative binomial models.
Methods: Data were collected from patients with heart failure at referral hospitals in the Amhara region from September 2022 to February 2023. The data were collected from 663 patients with heart failure using chart reviews and interviewer-administered questions.
Results: In this study, 237 (35.7%) patients with heart failure were readmitted at least once. The study showed that for every unit increase in the respiratory rate, the number of readmissions among patients with heart failure increased by 1.5% (IRR=.0.015; 95% CI=0.0004, 0.031), 0.044. In addition, as the duration of medication intake increased by one unit, the number of readmissions increased by 1.1% (IRR. =.0.011: 95% CI: 0.016, 0.051), 0.0001, while keeping all the other model variables constant. Similarly, compared with those of patients with good social support, the number of readmissions of patients with poor social support decreased by 59.4% (IRR=-1.595: 95% CI=-0.02, -0.005), 0.041. On the other hand, when thebody mass index increased by one unit, the odds of being in the always-zero group increased by 11.5% (IRR = 0.115: 95% CI: 0.035, 0.196), 0.004. Moreover, when the pulse rate increased by one unit, the odds of being in the always zero group decreased by 1.27% (IRR = -0.013: 95% CI: -0.025, -0.008), 0.036.
Patient or Public Contribution Determining the factors that lead to heart failure (HF) readmission is essential for developing effective interventions to lower the number of readmissions and hospital stays that may negatively impact patients’ and their families' overall socioeconomic status. Additionally, this study provides a baseline for the progress of nursing research and education as well as input for policy makers, all of which will help to improve nursing practice.
Novel Preconditioners for Unfitted FEM in DarcyFlow for Fractured Medium
Authors: Khan Wasif , Ahmad Shahbaz
Published: February 2024

We suggest using GMRES preconditioners to solve a saddle-point problemarising from the discretization of unfitted Finite Element Method (FEM) inDarcy ow for fractured media. These problems often occur when we use a specfic method to understand how uids move in complex situations, suchas multiple dimensions. We conducted a thorough study, examining the solutions, and found that our new way of preparing the problem makes thingswork better. Spectral analysis of the proposed preconditioners, along with numerical results, showed that our method works well, especially when combinedwith a exible-GMRES method. We applied our approach to solve problemsfrom a 2D test scenario, proving that our way is practical and useful.
AMS Classification: 74Sxx, 65N06, 65N12, 65F10.
Formulation and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive oral tablet of clarithromycin
Authors: chandu N.Sai , I.Nagaraju  , VIJAYKUMAR GAMPA
Published: February 2024

The present investigation concerns the development of mucoadhesive tablets of Clarithromycin which were designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration. Matrix tablets of Clarithromycin were formulated using four mucoadhesive polymers namely Carbopol 974P, HPMC K15M and HPMC K4M carried out studies for weight variation, thickness, hardness, content uniformity, swelling index, mucoadhesive force and in vitro drug release. Formulation of F9 and F12 which were formulated by using polymers, HPMC K14M, HPMC K15M and Carbopol 974P provided controlled release of Clarithromycin over the period of 12 hrs. The cumulative % of drug release of formulation F9 and F12 were 93.16 and 96.82 respectively. Invitro releases of F1 to F12 were found to be diffusion controlled and followed zero order kinetics. Formulation of F9 and F12 which were formulated by using polymers HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M and Carbopol 974P were established to be the optimum formulation with optimum bioadhesive force, swelling index & desired invitro drug release. Further investigations are needed to confirm the in vivo efficiency, long term stability studies are needed to stabilize the controlled released (F9 and F12) formulations.
SunSieve: Automated Solar-Powered Extraction of Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Seed, Pulp, and Juice Using Arduino Microcontroller
Authors: Nebrida Alan , Pilde Mae Joy U. , Madayag Lealyn V. , Bungubung Renato Allen S , Almeniana Klemens Von A. , Billo John John B. , Minia-Nebrida Joan
Published: February 2024

The SunSieve system, an innovative integration of solar energy and automated control technology for the effective extraction of Solanum Lycopersicum components, is demonstrated in this work. It addresses both concerns of processing efficiency and sustainability in the agricultural sector. By using automation and renewable energy sources, the study attempted to address the issues of excessive energy consumption, labor-intensive procedures, and quality control in the tomato processing industry. The study used a developmental research approach and involved developing and constructing the SunSieve, a solar-powered extraction device using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. The crucial steps of pH monitoring and UV sterilization were controlled by this controller, guaranteeing the safety and purity of the extracted juice. With an emphasis on optimizing production and reducing waste, the system's design made it easier to separate tomatoes into their seeds, pulp, and juice. The results of many tests showed that the UV light sensor operated consistently, activating to lower the level of microbes upon detection of juice and deactivating when the juice was not present to prolong the shelf life without sacrificing quality. The ideal pH range, which is critical for taste and safety, was maintained by the system between 4.0 and 4.50. Additionally, the system's effectiveness was shown by the processing times for pulp, juice, and seeds, all of which produced a consistent output of 1.3 liters of juice every trial. SunSieve's design, construction, and microcontroller integration produced a highly functioning system that assured juice quality. The experiment found that using smart technology and solar electricity in agricultural processing greatly increases output and quality of the final product. With its novel approach to tackling modern difficulties in the food processing sector, the SunSieve system provides insights into how automation and renewable energy may revolutionize agricultural processes.
Exploring the Impact of Dietary Factors on Intracranial Aneurysm Risk: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Ma Junren , Zong Kang , Wang Yonghui , Wu Congyan , Liu Hanchen , Lin Ruyue , Li Rui , Zou Chao , Zuo Qiao , Xu Yi , Liu Jianmin , Zhao Rui
Published: February 2024

Background: While existing research has established a link between dietary habits and the incidence of intracranial aneurysms, the application of Mendelian randomization to explore this association remains largely uncharted.
Methods: n our study, we analyzed a wide array of dietary factors using data from the IEU Open GWAS project, which included meat varieties (oily fish, pork, lamb/mutton, beef and poultry), vegetarian foods (both cooked and raw vegetables, along with fresh and dried fruits), cereal and the frequency of alcohol intake. We included pooled intracranial aneurysm GWAS data from a comprehensive dataset of 7,495 cases as well as 71,934 controls. In MR analysis, we employed multiple Mendelian randomization techniques such as weighted median, MR-Egger, and Inverse Variance Weighted methods and rigorously controlled the false discovery rates through the Bonferroni correction across ten dietary exposures. The study's robustness was further ensured by assessing heterogeneity and pleiotropy using Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger method, supplemented by leave-one-out and MR-PRESSO analyses, thus solidifying the validity of our findings.
Results: Our analysis identified a significant association between cooked vegetables (OR: 2.296; 95% CI: 0.726 ~ 3.867; p = 0.0042) and an elevated risk of intracranial aneurysms. Besides, the initial analysis suggested a statistically significant association between the dried fruit (OR: 0.385; 95%CI: -1.842 ~ -0.067; p= 0.0350), frequency of alcohol intake (OR: 1.419; 95% CI: 0.039 ~ 0.661; p = 0.0276) and the risk of intracranial aneurysms. However, this significance was not sustained after applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, indicating a need for cautious interpretation despite the initially promising findings. No causal links were found between intracranial aneurysms and other dietary intakes investigated in this study.
Conclusion: This study identified a clear causal link between cooked vegetable intake and an increased risk of intracranial aneurysm, while suggesting a potential connection between the frequency of alcohol intake and the elevated risk, although this association did not reach statistical significance after multiple testing corrections. Conversely, no significant associations were observed between the risk of intracranial aneurysm and the consumption of various meats, cheese, and other fruits and vegetables.
Integrating Sensor Networks to Facilitate Efficient Energy Management for Smart Grids
Authors: Baruah Arpita Nath , Akkur Malatesh S , Seth Jyoti , Shah Jaymeel
Published: February 2024

Due to rising energy prices and demand, many organizations are developing energy monitoring, management, and conservation systems. A SEMS supports Demand Side Management by producing consumer energy consumption patterns, reducing costsand responding to energy-saving instructions. Internet of Things (IoT) might regulate how much energy is consumed in the commercial, industrial and residential sectors. The study offers an intelligent energy management solution for smart settings that integrates an IoT middleware module and Energy Controller to regulate the demand side effectively. Every IoT device has an energy controller connected, incorporating sensors and actuators.The basis behind this isexterior temperature conditions,the building's operational dynamics, optimizing the air conditioners' energy usage, and the energy controller gathers data on energy usage from each smart device across various periods. Since air conditioners use more than 50% of the power in Pakistan, their use served as a proof of concept for the recommended method. The proposed solution incorporates real-time monitoring, powerful algorithms and user-friendly interfaces. Electricity consumption is compared before and after the installation of SEMS as part of the assessment procedure.Four constructs are used to evaluate the proposed methodology. The research highlights the system's key benefits and reveals significant energy savings. The smart energy management system provides better air conditioning system control, real-time monitoring, cost savings, environmental advantages, and longer equipment life.
Addressing the Knapsack Challenge Through Cultural Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Vahdatpour Mohammad Saleh
Published: February 2024

The "0-1 knapsack problem" stands as a classical combinatorial optimization conundrum, necessitating the selection of a subset of items from a given set. Each item possesses inherent values and weights, and the primary objective is to formulate a selection strategy that maximizes the total value while adhering to a predefined capacity constraint. In this research paper, we introduce a novel variant of Cultural Algorithms tailored specifically for solving 0-1 knapsack problems, a well-known combinatorial optimization challenge. Our proposed algorithm incorporates a belief space to refine the population and introduces two vital functions for dynamically adjusting the crossover and mutation rates during the evolutionary process. Through extensive experimentation, we provide compelling evidence of the algorithm's remarkable efficiency in consistently locating the global optimum, even in knapsack problems characterized by high dimensions and intricate constraints.
Knowledge Graph-based Multimodal GNN Model for Recommendation Systems
Authors: Sinclair Atticus , Callahan Juniper , Donovan Silas , Beckett Lawson
Published: February 2024

Knowledge graphs, recognized for their ability to amalgamate multiple data sources and enrich semantic information, have emerged as valuable auxiliary information. They offer the potential to infer latent relationships within data. However, existing knowledge graph-based recommendation systems often overlook the wealth of multimodal information. In response, this paper introduces a novel model designed to harness the propagation of information on multimodal knowledge graphs. Unlike its counterparts, our model actively considers the fusion of multimodal information, presenting a comprehensive solution to bridge the gap between recommendation systems and multimodal data. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, a comparative analysis with state-of-the-art models is conducted. The proposed model showcases promising results, demonstrating its efficacy in leveraging multimodal knowledge graphs. The empirical validation is performed on two real-world datasets, underscoring the potential impact of advancing the capabilities of contemporary recommendation systems.
The Prognosis and Management of Reclassified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension According to 2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines
Authors: Li Yutong , Qian Junyan , Dong Xingbei , Zhao Jiuliang , Wang Qian , Wang Yanhong , Zeng Xiaofeng , Tian Zhuang , Li Mengtao
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:
The 2022 ESC/ERS guideline has recently revised the haemodynamic definition of pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, there is currently limited research on the prognosis and treatment of system lupus erythematosus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE-PAH) patients that reclassified by the new haemodynamic definition. This study aims to analyze the prognosis of newly reclassified SLE-PAH patients and provide recommendations for the management strategy.
Methods
This retrospective study analyze records of 236 SLE-PAH patients who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from 2011 to 2023, among whom 22 patients were reclassified into mild SLE-PAH (fulfilling the criteria of 2022 ESC/ERS guideline [mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 21mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 2WU] but not the previous haemodynamic criteria [mPAP ≥ 25mmHg and PVR > 3WU]) according to the guideline and 14 were defined as partially remitted patients (mPAP 21–24 mmHg and PVR < 2 WU). The prognosis were compared among mild SLE-PAH, partially remitted SLE-PAH and conventional SLE-PAH patients (mPAP ≥ 25mmHg and PVR > 3WU). Besides, the effectiveness of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) targeted therapy was evaluated in mild SLE-PAH patients.
Results
Those mild SLE-PAH patients had significantly longer progression-free time than the conventional SLE-PAH patients, and the mild SLE-PAH patients had similar prognosis compared to partially remitted patients. Among the mild SLE-PAH patients, 4 did not receive PAH targeted therapy of PAH and had similar prognosis with patients not receiving targeted therapy. Besides, nearly all of the reclassified SLE-PAH patients received intensive immunosuppressive therapy (IIT).
Conclusions
This study supports the revised haemodynamic definition of SLE-PAH in the 2022 ESC/ERS guideline. Those reclassified mild and partially remitted SLE-PAH patients had better prognosis, demonstrating the possibility and significance of early diagnosis and intervention for SLE-PAH. This study also suggested that IIT against SLE might be sufficient for those reclassified SLE-PAH patients.
NLRC3 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Acute Lung Injury: Insights from Acacetin Studies
Authors: xiao yingchou , zhang bo , hou shiyuan , shen xing , wu xingan , liu rongrong , luo ying
Published: February 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe condition characterized by respiratory insufficiency and tissue damage. Commonly caused by pneumonia and severe sepsis, which trigger an inflammatory response via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling activation. Nod-like receptor family CARD domain containing 3 (NLRC3), a member of the NLR family, modulates inflammation and immune responses by inhibiting NF-κB, activation in response to TLR4 activation. Dysregulation of NLRC3 has been linked to increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases. In the context of ALI, overexpression of NLRC3 reduces lung inflammation, while its silencing exacerbates inflammation. Acacetin, a flavonoid from Agastache rugosa, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and has been suggested to involve NLRC3 in its mechanism. Silencing NLRC3 abolishes the protective effect of acacetin on LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages. Moreover, NLRC3 negatively regulates TLR4 signaling, which is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Acacetin has been reported to inhibit TLR4 signaling in various cell types. Thus, acacetin's anti-inflammatory effects may be partly mediated by its modulation of NLRC3 expression and function. In this study, our objective was to investigate the potential targets and functional mechanisms of acacetin in combating ALI. We employed molecular docking technology to anticipate and authenticate the interaction between acacetin and NLRC3. The findings were subsequently validated using an ALI model and LPS-induced macrophage model.
Will a lack of fabric durability be their downfall? Impact of textile durability on the efficacy of three types of dual-active-ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets: A secondary analysis on malaria prevalence and incidence from a cluster-randomized trial in north-west Tanzania
Authors: Lukole Eliud , Cook Jackie , Mosha Jacklin F , Mallya Elizabeth , Aziz Tatu , Kulkarni Manisha A , Matowo Nancy S , Martin Jacklin , Rowland Mark , Kleinschmidt Immo , Manjurano Alphaxard , Mosha Franklin W , Protopopoff Natacha
Published: February 2024

Background
The Dual-Active Ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets (Dual-AI LLIN) have been developed to counteract the reduced efficacy of pyrethroid (PY)-only nets due to widespread pyrethroid insecticide resistance in malaria vector mosquitoes. They constitute half of the nets distributed in sub-Saharan Africa in the past two years. However, their effectiveness once they develop holes is unclear, particularly in pyrethroid-resistant settings. This study evaluates the textile integrity of three dual- AI LLINs compared to standard PY LLN, over 3 years of use in a community in Tanzania and the associated impact on malaria prevalence and incidence.
Methods
Between 2019 and 2022, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in North-western Tanzania to evaluate the effectiveness of α-cypermethrin only; pyriproxyfen and α-cypermethrin (PPF-PY); chlorfenapyr and α-cypermethrin (chlorfenapyr-PY); and the synergist piperonyl butoxide and permethrin (PBO-PY) LLINs on malaria infection prevalence and case incidence. We assessed the association between the net textile condition and 1/malaria prevalence over 3 years of use, and 2/malaria case incidence in a cohort of children over 2 years of follow-up.
Results
There was no significant association between damaged (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.71-1.37, p-value=0.6550) and too-torn (OR: 1.07, 95%CI: 0.77-1.47, p-value=0.6940) compared to intact nets on malaria prevalence for all net types. However, there were reduced rates of malaria case incidence in children sleeping under a net in good condition compared to extremely torn nets (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0·76 [95%CI: 0.63-0.92], p=0.0047). Malaria incidence was also consistently lower in too-torn PBO-PY LLIN (IRR= 0.37 [95%CI: 0.19-0.72], p= 0.0033) and Chlorfenapyr-PY LLIN (IRR= 0.45 [95%CI: 0.33-0.97], p= 0.0525) compared to a intact PY-only LLIN during the first year of follow up. In year 2, the incidence was only significantly lower in intact Chlorfenapyr-PY LLIN (IRR= 0.49 [95%CI: 0.29-0.81], p= 0.0059) compared to intact PY LLIN.
Conclusion
Our study confirmed that sleeping under a Chlorfenapyr-PY LLIN or PBO-PY LLIN offered superior protection to pyrethroid-only nets even when torn. Preventing the development of holes is essential as they impact the level of protection offered against malaria infection.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, number (NCT03554616)
Identification of Riparian Plants Potential for Remediation and Water Quality Monitoring in The Downstream of Brantas River, East Java
Authors: Irawanto Rony , Afifudin Alfin Fatwa M
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is home to an extraordinarily diverse range of plant and animal species, particularly in vital wetland, riparian, and aquatic areas crucial for watershed ecosystems. For example, the Brantas River system, located in East Java, plays a pivotal role in sustaining regional biodiversity. However, the river system is currently under threat from degradation and escalating river pollution. This underscores the pressing need to document and inventory its plant diversity. This study specifically focuses on the downstream area of the Brantas River, aiming to identify riparian seed-plants and assess their potential in remediating pollutants. Additionally, the research evaluates water quality in the downstream region. Conducted from November 2020 to February 2021 using an observational method with a descriptive explorative approach, the studyidentified 14 seed-bearing plant species in the downstream area. Although certain water quality parameters met established standards, elevated levels of heavy metals such as lead, copper, and chromium exceeded permissible limits. Notably, 12 out of the 14 identified plant species demonstrated the ability to absorb heavy metals from the environment.
Pós transplante de células tronco hematopoiética: análise de custos das infecções no primeiro ano de transplante
Authors: Afonso Lucélia Rodrigues , Nobre Stefane Vieira , Da Silva Marcelo Gurgel Carlos
Published: February 2024

Objetivos: Analisar os custos das infecções no primeiro ano pós-transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico desenvolvido através dos dados de pacientes que tiveram diagnóstico de câncer hematológico e foram submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas no primeiro ano de transplante, que realizaram transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas no ano de 2018 com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de correlação entre as variáveis. Resultados: Dos 71 pacientes, 36 apresentaram infecções. A maior média de gasto foi para os tipos haploidênticos (44% versus 9%, p<0,001) e com relação à doença de base, o grupo que apresentou infecções tinha maior frequência de leucemias (42% versus 14%, p=0,012). Parâmetros relacionados ao mal prognóstico como, três ou mais internações (22% versus 3%, p=0,04), maior tempo de permanência no hospital (22,5 [AIQ= 21 – 55] versus 19 [AIQ=16 – 23] dias, p<0,001)  e maior frequência de óbito (42% dessas 14%, p=0,01), tiveram relacionados com a presença de infecção. O grupo que tem infecções apresentou uma mediana alta em relação ao grupo que não teve infecções (5 5519,8 (25 618,8 – 73 806,6) versus 23 872,5 (23 657,7 – 24 927,6) reais, p<0,001). Conclusões: As infecções representam um dos principais obstáculos no sucesso dos transplantes, com elevada quantidade de pacientes que foram a óbito e que desenvolveram complicações, onerando os custos com internações e procedimentos.
Linguagens, culturas e diferenças no currículo da educação física
Authors: Portela Thalita , Alviano Junior Wilson
Published: February 2024

Reivindicar a Educação Física como componente curricular da área de códigos e linguagens não é novidade. No entanto, percebemos que as teorizações tradicionais e não-críticas, que historicamente influenciaram os currículos da Educação Física, não somente desconsideram seu caráter de produção e compartilhamento de significados, como também enxergam na Educação Física uma possibilidade de correção do corpo entendido como “anormal”. Dessa forma, no presente ensaio teórico, objetivamos descrever e problematizar as formas como a questão da diferença é abordada em diferentes teorias curriculares da Educação Física. A análise das informações foi realizada com base na teorização pós-estruturalista. Por fim, consideramos que o currículo cultural, ao colocar a cultura no centro das práticas pedagógicas, dialoga e busca contribuir com a construção de uma Educação Física e de um mundo cada vez menos desiguais, buscando não mais esconder e corrigir a diferença, mas sim potencializá-la.
The Abbasid State's Contribution to Education: History, Policy, and Development of Islamic Educational Institutions
Authors: Ichsan Yazida , Hanafiah Yusuf , Fadhlurrahman Fadhlurrahman , Okfia Supitri
Published: February 2024

This study aims to describe the contribution of Abbasid civilization to education both covering Abbasid history, policies related to scientific development, and developing educational institutions. This research is a literature research by emphasizing historical aspects with heuristics, criticism, interpretation and histography steps. The results of the study showed that there were several policies implemented by the government to develop science and civilization which included translation projects, rihlah 'ilmiyyah and  the construction of educational institutions which included libraries, kuttab, mosques, madrasas, art studios, bookstores, observatories, ribath and zawiyyah. When contextualized with Islamic education today, there are several alternatives offered by the Abbasid State. First, in addition to using a normative approach, an experimental approach in education is needed as a solutive alternative to facing industrial challenges.  Second, to form educated people, there needs to be a synergy of all elements, not just educational institutions.  Third, Islamic educational institutions must have a concentration in certain sciences on the basis of Islamic norms.
Clinical Outcomes and Effectiveness of CRLX101 for Solid Tumors:
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shamaeizadeh Nahal , Sadeghi Erfan , Varshosaz Jaleh
Published: February 2024

Background::

While it has been demonstrated that delivery of cytotoxic chemotherapy
using nanoparticles greatly improves patient drug tolerance and reduces toxicity
when compared to the standard formulation, the crucial question of whether they also
increase anticancer efficacy remains. The CRLX101 is a nanoparticle composed of cyclodextrin
and 20(S)-camptothecin cytotoxic chemotherapy

Objective::

In order to compare the efficacy of the CRLX101 to its corresponding traditional
formulation, we carried out this systematic literature search for randomized clinical
and non-randomized trials.

Methods::

Multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of
Science, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov, were used to conduct a thorough
literature search. By employing a technique akin to a random-effects model, the median
of the study-specific was taken into account as the pooled median estimate with a 95%
confidence interval.

Results::

Finally, nine clinical studies were chosen for the meta-analysis. The treatment
and control groups' overall survival were examined in five and three trials, respectively.
Additionally, six out of nine trials and two out of nine trials, respectively, examined the
treatment and control groups for progression-free survival (PFS). Meta-analysis revealed
that the treatment group had a lower median overall survival (OS) but a greater
median progression-free survival than the control group.

Conclusion::

Our meta-analysis shows that CRLX101 outperforms camptothecin in PFS
despite its inferior OS. Unresolved pharmacology limits carrier-mediated drug therapeutic
application. Carrier-mediated dosages may differ from normal formulations because
they are rarely studied.
Icariin Attenuates Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Senescence by Targeting PAK2 via miR-23b-3p
Authors: Zhang Suqin , Li Yanbin , Wang Qiuyue
Published: February 2024

Background:

Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) senescence is crucial in kidney
diseases. Icariin is shown to have protective effects against renal fibrosis, acute kidney injury,
and proteinuria. We aimed to explore the role of icariin in protecting RTECs from senescence
and the underlying mechanism involved.

Methods:

An in vitro model of RTEC senescence was established by incubating HK-2 cells with
urine exosomes from patients with diabetic kidney disease. Stimulated cells were treated with
icariin at various doses to evaluate the compound's therapeutic effects. After RNA transfection,
cell cycle arrest and senescence, flow cytometry, and SA-β-Gal staining were analyzed. At the
same time, quantitative real-time PCR examined microRNA expression. Biochemical assays.

Results:

Urine exosomes induced senescence and cell cycle arrest in the G1 stage in HK-2 cells,
which were inhibited by icariin. Urine exosome stimulation up-regulated miR-23b-3p expression,
which in turn suppressed PAK2 expression. Significantly, the induced and inhibited miR-
23b-3p expressions weakened and augmented the resistance of cells against urine exosome stimulation,
respectively, while PAK2 overexpression provided additional protection. Icariin suppressed
miR-23b-3p expression, and miR-23b-3p induction blocked the effects of icariin and
promoted RTEC senescence.

Conclusion:

miR-23b-3p and PAK2 form a signaling axis that regulates RTEC senescence upon
urine exosome stimulation. Icariin can increase the resistance of RTECs against senescence via
miR-23b-3p/PAK2. Our findings shed light on the mechanism of the clinical effects of icariin on
renal diseases, which can be exploited to develop effective drugs targeting RTEC senescence in
the future.

conclusion:

miR-23b-3p and PAK2 form a signaling axis that regulates RTEC senescence upon urine exosome stimulation. Icariin can increase the resistance of RTECs against senescence via miR-23b-3p/PAK2. Our findings shed light on the mechanism of the clinical effects of icariin on renal diseases, which can be exploited for the development of effective drugs targeting RTEC senescence in the future.
Construction of an Oxidative Stress Risk Model to Analyze the Correlation Between Liver Cancer and Tumor Immunity
Authors: Liu Ying , Li Yufeng , Chen Li , Zha Weina , Zhang Jing , Wang Kun , Hao Chunhai , Gan Jianhe
Published: February 2024

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most lethal cancers
globally. Despite advancements in immunotherapy, the prognosis for patients with HCC continues
to be poor. As oxidative stress plays a significant role in the onset and progression of various diseases,
including metabolism-related HCC, comprehending its mechanism in HCC is critical for effective
diagnosis and treatment.

Methods:

This study utilized the TCGA dataset and a collection of oxidative stress genes to determine
the expression of oxidative stress-related genes in HCC and their association with overall survival
using diverse bioinformatics methods. A novel prognostic risk model was developed, and
the TCGA cohort was divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on each tumor sample's
risk score. Levels of immune cell infiltration and the expression of immune checkpoint-related
genes in different risk subgroups were analyzed to investigate the potential link between tumor immunity
and oxidative stress-related features. The expression of model genes in actual samples was
validated through immunohistochemistry, and their mRNA and protein expression levels were
measured in cell cultures.

Results:

Four oxidative stress-related genes (EZH2, ANKZF1, G6PD, and HMOX1) were identified
and utilized to create a predictive risk model for HCC patient overall survival, which was subsequently
validated in an independent cohort. A significant correlation was found between the expression
of these prognostic genes and the infiltration of tumor immune cells. Elevated expression
of EZH2, ANKZF1, G6PD, and HMOX1 was observed in both HCC tissues and cell lines.

Conclusion:

The combined assessment of EZH2, ANKZF1, G6PD, and HMOX1 gene expression
can serve as a model to evaluate the risk of oxidative stress in HCC. Furthermore, there is a
notable correlation between the expression of these risk model genes and tumor immunity.
Newly Described Mutations of the UNC45A Gene in Infants with Jaundice and Pruritus
Authors: Degtyareva Anna , Dokshukina Alina , Filippova Elena , Shubina Jekaterina , Tolmacheva Ekaterina , Sadelov Igor , Albegova Marina , Degtyarev Dmitriy
Published: February 2024

Background:

Cholestatic liver disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality
and a leading indication for liver transplantation in children. These include diseases, such as
biliary atresia, Alagille syndrome, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis,
bile acid synthesis defects, and many others.

Case Presentation:

NGS was used as a diagnostic tool to identify the genetic cause in the patient
with cholestatic syndrome and to figure out and describe what mutation will be found. In the present
observation, the cholestasis syndrome with low GGT activity and intense pruritus was the
leading symptom of the patient. The examination also revealed other characteristic features of osteo-
oto-hepato-enteric syndrome. The patient had facial features that mimicked Alagille syndrome,
which complicated the diagnostic search. Moreover, the genetic test revealed two new
pathogenic variants in the UNC45A gene.

Conclusion:

This clinical observation demonstrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach
in the diagnosis of rare genetic diseases and using WES, which can accelerate the diagnosis
compared with outdated gene panels.
lkGraphene Nano-Derivatives in Pharmaceuticals and Biomedical Advancements: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumar Yogesh , Sharma Astha , Varshney Prachi , Yadav Devdhar , singh Amit , Rani Kagithala Naga , Sharma Pramod , Porwal Omji , Kumar Neeraj , Kumar Sharma Pradeep , Kumar Gupta Ashok , G Koteswara Rao
Published: February 2024

The two-dimensional structure of graphene has a flat single layer of carbon molecules
having a honeycomb crystal lattice configuration. Graphene possesses typical physicochemical
characteristics such as elevated conductivity, wide-ranging surface area, good biocompatibility,
and excellent mechanical properties. Due to their exceptional properties, graphene derivatives have
significant implementations in many fields like electronics, environmental, chemical, pharmaceutical,
and others. With its distinctive formation and biological characteristics, pharmaceutical and
biomedical applications of graphene have gained the impressive interest of researchers and scientists
over the past few years. The exceptional properties of graphene, such as its larger surface area,
which is four times greater than other nanoparticles, represented it as a prior choice for drug delivery.
Graphene derivatives are monolayer graphene, bilayer graphene, reduced Graphene Oxide
(rGO), and Graphene Oxide (GO). This review focused on different pharmaceutical applications
and the part of the progress made by different researchers on graphene and its derivatives in the
distinct field of interest, like in the delivery of drugs, cancer therapy, gene delivery, antibacterial
effect, biosensing, bioimaging, tissue engineering, and others.
An Insight into the Consequences of Digitalization and Digital Technologies for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Africa
Authors: S. Jayadatta , Majeed Mohammed
Published: February 2024

IMF (2020) estimates that 20 million jobs must be created annually in SSA
and Africa at large to accommodate the region's expanding labor force. However,
digital technologies like email, the internet, and mobile money have a huge potential to
generate wealth and jobs that African businesses still need to realize. Even though
mobile phone technology has helped spread Internet-based innovations throughout the
region, this process is slowed down by a vast Internet divide; businesses and people use
these technologies less than they could. In 2015, Internet penetration rates in African
nations were below 60% of the total population, with penetration rates as low as 5% in
some nations including Niger, Sierra Leone, and Guinea-Bissau. Again in 2015, small
African firms employed almost 80% of the labor force on the continent. But surveys by
the World Bank between 2013 and 2018 show that less than 60% of SMEs used email
for business, and less than 30% used websites for the same thing. In contrast, 90% of
major businesses polled within the same time period acknowledged utilizing email
and/or a website for conducting business. Since SMEs are currently the largest
employers and wealth creators in the region, the poor dissemination and adoption of
digital technology severely limit their ability to advance. More specifically, and unlike
previous research-based analyses of the digitalization of African firms, the research
article combines quantitative analysis and qualitative data to give readers a bird's-eye
view of how digital technologies affect the performance of small and medium-sized
enterprises (SMEs) in Africa and the opportunities for private sector growth that come
with the ongoing digitalization of the economy.
The Role of Social Media as a Promotional Tool for SMEs in Ghana
Authors: Mensah Kobby , Mahama Braimah Stephen , Gideon Awini , Bukari Zakari
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate how social media functions as a marketing
tool for SMEs in Ghana. An unstructured and semi-structured interview guide was
employed, and a qualitative research methodology was applied. The responses from
twenty respondents from a few chosen SMEs in the Greater Accra area formed the
basis of the analysis. Ghanaian SMEs have the chance to invest in their social media
marketing and create more targeted campaigns. They can also utilize the platform to
promote direct sales, acquire an understanding of how customers view and value a
brand, and achieve lifetime value targets like client acquisition and retention. The study
revealed that SMEs in Ghana mostly use Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, and
LinkedIn as their social media platforms. The report also suggests that media
organizations create a content roadmap to ensure that their material is designed with
social media interaction in mind, such as the usage of extremely brief videos and
ephemeral content, to maximize their desired earned media engagement.
Precipitating Factors of Acne Vulgaris in Females at Nangarhar University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Shah Imamzai I , Raihanullah Zwaak , Khah Kamawal N
Published: February 2024

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common disease in teenagers.It is a chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous units.Objective: To see the effect of different factors like age, skin type,diet, cosmetics, family history and pornographic material on acne.Methods: This case-control study was conducted in theDermatology Department of Nangarhar University TeachingHospital, Nangarhar from August 2021 to March 2021. Thestudy consisted on a sample of 120 subjects including 60 casesof acne and 60 controls. The data was entered in a structuredclose-ended questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logisticregression was used to see the effect of different factors on acne.Results: Age was below 20 years in 68 percent of patients and38 percent of controls. Amongst patients 12% and amongstcontrols 7% were married. Logistic regression analysis showedthat age (p = 0.001), odds ratio (0.288), Confidence interval (0.136– 0.612) siblings history (p = 0.007), odds ratio (2.786), confidenceinterval (1.329–5.841), skin type (p = 0.000), dry skin (p = 0.173),odds ratio (0.449), confidence interval (0.142-1.422), oily skin (p= 0.002), odds ratio (3.925), confidence interval (1.684 9.146),cola drinks (p=0.048), daily drinks (p = 0.023), odds ratio (2.975),confidence interval (1.159-7.636), cosmetic used (p=0.004), oddsratio (4.219), confidence interval (1.577–11.285) and frequency ofapplication of cosmetics (p=0.010), odds ratio (3.509), confidenceinterval (1.347–9.1)had significant effect on acne.Conclusion: Acne is a more common disease in teenagers;age greater than twenty plays a protective role against acne.Carbonated drinks, positive sibling history, cosmetic treatmentand frequent use of cosmetics have a significant relationship withacne. It is more common in oily skin than dry and normal skin.
Curved Damper as Structural Retrofitting Element to Improve the Performance of Steel Truss Bridge
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, 35365, Indonesia, Ummati Alfinna Mahya , Wirawan Nugraha Bintang ,   Civil Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, 35365, Indonesia, Halim Hendra ,   Civil Engineering Department, National Central University, 320317, Taiwan
Published: February 2024

The curved damper can control the structure movement by a physical approach to reduce the lateral deformation under the earthquake, which previously proved to be a significant improvement when applied on a moment-resisting frame in a laboratory scale experiment. With the same idea, a curved damper is considered a passive control to reduce the excessive deformation for a single span of a steel truss bridge, which is analyzed by finite element modeling to evaluate the role of the curved damper in a complex structure. The study of curved dampers applied in this typical bridge showed that mid-span deformation can be mitigated by up to 62% under an earthquake. Hence, a structure with a curved damper is recommended for application in high seismic locations.
The Effect of The Addition of Bagasse Ash on The Making of Paving Block
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Lamongan, 62211, Indonesia, Agustapraja Hammam Rofiqi , Pramono Djoko Heru ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Lamongan, 62211, Indonesia, Wahab Izudinshah Abd. ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Islam Lamongan, 62211, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

Paving Concrete is a composite of building materials made from a mixture of Portland cement or adhesive, water, and aggregate with or without other additives, which do not reduce the quality of the Concrete. In the research, fc' K-175 kg/cm2 of bagasse ash was added with variations of 0%, 6%, 8%, and 12% bagasse ash; the weight is based on the weight of the cement. This study aimed to determine the compressive strength of Concrete obtained from a mixture of bagasse ash in K-175 kg/cm2. The concrete mix design refers to SNI-03-0691-1996. Test samples prepared for each additional percentage of bagasse ash were three samples in the form of cubes with a length of 20 cm, a height of 8 cm, and a width of 10 cm. The results showed a decrease in strength with each addition of bagasse ash. It is known that the average compressive strength of Concrete after 28 days is 176.66%. Kg/m2 and the lowest compressive strength were obtained by adding 12% ash from bagasse aged 28 days, which was 73.33 kg/m2.
Shear Reinforcement of Existing Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Deep Embedment Method
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, 28293, Indonesia, Akbar Ilham , Ridwan Ridwan ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, 28293, Indonesia, Ikhsan Muhammad ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, 28293, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

The load capacity of old reinforced concrete structures must be increased to meet current standards. This might be due to increased load needs, inadequate shear provisions in the original design, material degradation, or rising demands for shear capacity related to flexural strengthening. This research demonstrates a method that effectively repairs RC beams using embedded steel bars. Loading history was reproduced in the form of cracking within the elastic range in 2000 x 150 x 200 mm beam. The beam was repaired and then reloaded to failure in the experimental test. The results show that the contribution of steel bars embedded in the core of the RC beam to the load capacity can be significant. The highest initial stiffness of the strengthened beam was 13,07 kN/mm, which was 69% higher than the control beam, while the maximum load of the strengthened beam was 43 kN with the deflection at 13,00 mm, 43% higher than the control beam. The cracks developed during the reinforced beam’s second load phase were identical to the first, and the shear capacity increased more than the control beam.
Archival Review: The Archives and Library of the Royal Galician Academy (Real Academia Galega)
Authors: Monteagudo Henrique , Fernández-Couto Tella Mercedes
Published: February 2024

The project of establishing in the city of A Coruña (Galicia) an Academy for the promotion of the Galician language, the Real Academia Galega (RAG), came to fruition in December 1905.
The State of Nationalism (SoN): Revisiting the Nationalism and Social Policy Nexus
Authors: Gomes Silvana , Béland Daniel , Hays-Alberstat Ally , Lecours André
Published: February 2024

Territory and solidarity are two central components of contemporary politics whose connection has come to be embodied in two quite different political phenomena: nationalism and the welfare-state. Nationalism is a form of politics linking territory (a homeland) to a special sense of solidarity deemed to supersede all others (i.e., non-national cleavages). The welfare state represents the tangible manifestation of social solidarity between citizens of a territorially-anchored community.
Book review: European Modernity and the Passionate South
Authors: Zantedeschi Francesca
Published: February 2024

Book review of Andreu Xavier & Mónica Bolufer (eds.), European Modernity and the Passionate South. Gender and Nation in Spain and Italy in the Long Nineteenth Century.
Impact of Patient Personality on Adherence to Oral Anticancer Medications: An Opportunity? (Preprint)
Authors: Jafari Mahtab , Shahverdian Alex , Sadigh Gelareh , Van Etten Richard A
Published: February 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Adherence to prescribed oral anticancer therapy is an important determinant of patient outcomes, including progression-free and overall survival. While many factors (eg, medication side effects and out-of-pocket costs, problems with insurance authorization, and timely medication refills) can affect adherence, one that is relatively unexplored is the impact of a patient’s attitude and personality. Patient personality influences medication adherence and persistence in nonmalignant chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In breast cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia, studies suggest that personality also affects adherence to oral chemotherapy which can be targeted to improve adherence. In this viewpoint, we highlight the opportunity of incorporating patient personality as interventions to oral cancer therapy adherence and discuss current barriers to implementation.