bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH WAKTU PENGELASAN TERHADAP REAKSI ANTARMUKA PADA SAMBUNGAN ALUMINIUM AL6061 DAN BAJA GALVANIS
Authors: Purwanto Sigit Edy , Mustakim Mustakim , Triyono Triyono , Muhayat Nurul
Published: May 2020

AbstrakBahan bakar merupakan kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi alat transportasi. Saat ini, cadangan bahan bakar fosil semakin berkurang. Untuk menghemat bahan bakar diperlukan alat transportasi yang ringan. Konstruksi yang ringan dapat diperoleh dengan menggabungkan dua atau lebih jenis material. Jenis sambungan yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan konstruksi yang ringan adalah sambungan las. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mampu las antara baja galvanis dengan aluminium Al6061. Metode pengelasan yang digunakan adalah Resistance Spot Welding (RSW). Sifat mampu las dari kedua material dapat diketahui dari  jenis senyawa intermetalik yang terbentuk pada antarmuka lasan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa reaksi antarmuka yang terbentuk untuk waktu pengelasan 4 dan 5 siklus adalah senyawa intermetalik FeAl dengan ketebalan masing-masing 19,25 μm dan 10,52 μm, untuk waktu pengelasan 6 siklus adalah senyawa intermetalik FeAl3 dengan ketebalan 8,07 μm. Kekeraran tertinggi 623,1 HV0.1 dan kekerasan terendah 572,2 HV0.1. Kata kunci: Aluminium Al6061, Baja Galvanis, RSW, Senyawa Intermetalik AbstractFuel is a very important in transportation. Unfortunately, the amount of fossil fuel reserve is decreasing. Using lightweight material for vehicle is one way to save fossil fuel. Lightweight construction can be obtained by combining two or more types of material. The right type of connection to get a lightweight construction is a welded joint. This study aimed to determine the properties of weldability between galvanized steel and aluminum Al6061. The welding method used was Resistance Spot Welding (RSW). The weldability of the two materials could be seen from the types of intermetallic compounds formed at the weld interface. The results of this study indicated that the formed interface reaction was FeAl intermetallic compound layer with a thickness of 19,25 μm and 10,52 μm respectively for 4 and  5 cicles of welding time, and FeA3 intermetallic compound layer with a thickness of 8,07 μm for 6 cycles of the welding time The highest hardness was 623.1 HV0.1 and the lowest hardness was 572.2 HV0.1. Keywords: Aluminum, Galvanized Steel, RSW, Intermetallic Compound
ANALISA LAJU KOROSI MATERIAL AA7050 DI LINGKUNGAN 3,5% NaCl DENGAN PENAMBAHAN INHIBITOR Na2WO4
Authors: Susiana Anita , Ilman M.N
Published: May 2020

Aluminium merupakan salah satu logam ringan yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia industri termasuk industri pesawat terbang saat ini karena beberapa keunggulan diantaranya memiliki kekuatan tarik yang relatif tinggi, mempunyai sifat mampu bentuk (formability) yang baik, bersifat non magnetik serta tahan terhadap korosi. Aluminium merupakan logam yang sangat aktif, karena apabila berada di lingkungan yang mengandung oksigen, akan bereaksi untuk membentuk lapisan tipis oksida transparan diseluruh permukaannya yang terbuka. Selaput inilah yang  mengendalikan laju korosi dan melindungi logam dibawahnya. Oleh karena itu, komponen-komponen yang terbuat dari aluminium dan paduan-paduannya biasanya  memiliki umur yang panjang. Tetapi, Jika selaput ini rusak dan tidak dapat dipulihkan lagi, korosi logam akan terjadi dengan cepat termasuk logam aluminium paduan 7050. Penggunaan inhibitor merupakan salah  satu  cara  yang dapat  digunakan  untuk  melindungi logam dari korosi. Inhibitor ditambahkan untuk mengurangi reaksi antarmuka logam dengan lingkungan, dimana terbentuk lapisan pasif yang menghambat laju pertukaran ion-ion pada logam.

Metode penelitian uji laju korosi menggunakan metode polarisasi potensiodinamik dilingkungan 3,5% NaCl. Jenis Inhibitor yang digunakan adalah inhibitor anorganik Na2WO4 dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,1%, 0,3%, 0,5% dan 0,7%. Pengujian mekanis dilakukan sebagai data penunjang yang meliputi uji komposisi, uji tarik, uji kekerasan dan uji strukturmikro.

Hasil dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa konsentrasi optimal inhibitor untuk material aluminium paduan 7050 dilingkungan 3,5% NaCl yaitu pada konsentrasi 0,3% Na2WO4 dengan angka laju korosi sebesar 0,28 mpy. Angka ini lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan spesimen uji korosi tanpa menggunakan inhibitor yaitu sebesar 2,42 mpy. Penurunan laju korosi terjadi karena adanya inhibitor yang ditambahkan untuk mengurangi reaksi antarmuka logam dengan lingkungan Terjadinya penurunan angka laju korosi  menunjukkan adanya pergeseran ke arah positif yang berarti terjadi proses adsorpsi dan terbentuk lapisan pelindung pada permukaan logam sehingga proses oksidasi dapat ditahan. Penurunan laju korosi terjadi karena adanya inhibitor yang ditambahkan untuk mengurangi reaksi antarmuka logam dengan lingkungan.

 

Kata Kunci: Aluminium 7050, pesawat,  korosi, inhibitor, Na2WO4
APLIKASI BAND RATIO NDMI CITRA LANDSAT 8 DALAM PENENTUAN ZONA RAWAN LONGSOR DENGAN METODE OVERLAY ANALYSIS
Authors: Jati Vinansius Jimmy , Kusumayudha Sari Bahagiarti , Cahyadi Tedy Agung
Published: May 2020

Dalam penelitian dibidang kebencanaan khususnya mengidentifikasi zona rawan longsor, pada wilayah penelitian yang luas dengan medan yang ekstrem, umumnya data sekunder tentang kedalaman dan tekstur tanah sangat jarang tersedia, dibandingkan dengan data topografi, jenis dan sebaran batuan maupun data curah hujan. Sebagai alternatif digunakan metode pengindraan jauh yang memanfaatkan citra Landsat 8 dengan metode band ratio Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), band ratio NDMI mampu mengidentifikasi indeks kelembapan permukaan tanah sehingga dapat dilakukan diinterpretasi tekstur dan kedalaman tanah yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kerawanan longsor. Dengan metode overlay analysis menggunakan perangkat lunak sistem informasi geografi (SIG), dinilai mampu menganalisis tingkat kerawanan longsor terutama pada penelitian dengan skala regional, pada daerah terpencil yang sulit diakses dengan memanfaatkan ketersediaan data sekunder yang ada.Kata kunci : Landsat, NDMI, Longsor, SIG
Student’s critical thinking ability in completing metacognition problems of mathematical education students in Balikpapan University
Authors: Waskitoningtyas Rahayu Sri , Susilo Ganjar
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal metakognisi Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Balikpapan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pendidikan matematika yang diberikan soal metakognisi materi Trigonometri. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan triangulasi yaitu dokumentasi berupa hasil jawaban mahasiswa, observasi terhadap lembar jawaban mahasiswa dan wawancara. Dari 8 soal yang diujicobakan diperoleh 6 soal yang layak digunakan (soal nomor 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, dan 7) dengan r11 = 0,82 ( butir soal dikatakan baik). Kemudian 6 soal tersebut diberikan kepada mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika berjumlah 25 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada soal nomor 1 sebanyak 19,53 % mahasiswa mampu mengerjakan ini nilai dari 108. Untuk soal nomor 2 sebanyak 19,17 % dari nilai 106. Sedangkan soal nomor 4 sebanyak 19,26% dari nilai 106. Sebanyak 18,26% mahasiswa untuk soal nomor 5 dengan nilai 112. Pada soal nomor 6 sebanyak 13,92% mahasiswa dengan nilai 98. Untuk soal nomor 7 diperoleh 9,76% mahasiswa dari nilai 71.
Analisis Senyawa Aktif dalam Cacing Spesies Lokal dan Efek Antiinflamasi
Authors: Satria Arysca Wisnu , Darmawan Andy , Sudarmanto Irwan
Published: May 2020

Inflammation is a common health problem experienced by humans. Besides using drugs, people also use animals to treat inflammation, such as earthworms. This study aims to analyze the content of active substances found in the earthworm, commonly obtained in Indonesia as an anti-inflammatory drug. The extraction of active substances was carried out by the maceration method using hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fraction with a ratio of 0.5:0.3:0.2. The fractionation results using hexane and ethanol are obtained 3.705 grams and 2.046 grams extracts respectively. Furthermore, each extract was tested using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) method and the result are almost uniform but different concentrations. The result of the worm taxonomic identification is the species Eudrilus eugeniae. The compounds identified are the cycloheptasiloxane group, which consists of three types, i.e. cyclohetasiloxane tertradecamethyl, cycloheptasiloxane hexadecamethyl, and cycloheptasiloxane octadecamethyl. These cycloheptasiloxanes compounds are compounds that have antibacterial, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory properties.Abstrak                                                                                         Radang atau inflamasi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang umum dialami oleh manusia. Selain menggunakan obat-obatan untuk mengobati radang, manusia juga menggunakan hewan seperti cacing tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan zat aktif yang terdapat pada cacing tanah yang umum diperoleh di Indonesia sebagai bahan obat antiradang. Ekstraksi zat aktif dalam cacing tanah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut heksan, kloroform dan etil asetat dengan perbandingan 0,5:0,3:0,2. Hasil fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut heksan dan etanol berturut-turut sebesar 3,705 dan 2,046 gram. Selanjutnya masing-masing ekstrak tersebut diuji kandungan senyawanya menggunakan metode Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) menghasilkan senyawa yang hampir seragam namun berbeda konsentrasinya. Hasil identifikasi taksonomi cacing yang diperoleh adalah spesies Eudrilus eugeniae. Sedangkan senyawa yang teridentifikasi adalah golongan cycloheptasiloxane, yang terdiri dari tiga jenis, yaitu: cyclohetasiloxane tertradecamethyl, cycloheptasiloxane hexadecamethyl, dan cycloheptasiloxane octadecamethyl. Senyawa golongan cycloheptasiloxane ini adalah senyawa yang termasuk antibakteri, antikoagulan dan antiinflamasi/antiradang. Kata kunci: antiinflamasi, ekstraksi, Eudrilus eugeniae, cycloheptasiloxane
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY DICTIONARY: “HALMOVYI” (“BRAKE”) OR “HALMIVNYI” (“BRAKING”)
Authors: Merzhyievskyi Valentyn , Ponomarova Yuliya
Published: May 2020

In order to improve the national terminology in the industry and simultaneously to coordinate it with international terms, we propose to the Ukrainian motor transport community to take part in compilation of specialized translation dictionary. The magazine «Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrainy», as indicated in the No 1 (253) 2018, have opened a new section, «Automotive Industry Dictionary», intended to publish our draft definitions of the most controversial terms in Ukrainian, with comments on their formation and scope and corresponding terms in other languages. Please, send your remarks and ideas by email indicating «Automotive Industry Dictionary» in the subject line to: ikopanytsya@insat.org.ua.
TO THE STABILITY OF TANK VEHICLES IN THE BRAKE MODE
Authors: Popelysh Denys , Seluk Yurii , Tomchuk Sergyi
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the question of the possibility of improving the roll stability of partially filled tank vehicles while braking.
We consider the dangers associated with partially filled tank vehicles. We give examples of the severe consequences of road traffic accidents that have occurred with tank vehicles carrying dangerous goods. We conducted an analysis of the dynamic processes of fluid flow in the tank and their influence on the basic parameters of the stability of vehicle. When transporting a partially filled tank due to the comparability of the mass of the empty tank with the mass of the fluid being transported, the dynamic qualities of the vehicle change so that they differ significantly from the dynamic characteristics of other vehicles. Due to large displacements of the center of mass of cargo in the tank there are additional loads that act vehicle and significantly reduce the course stability and the drivability.
We consider the dynamics of liquid sloshing in moving containers, and give examples of building a mechanical model of an oscillating fluid in a tank and a mathematical model of a vehicle with a tank. We also considered the method of improving the vehicle’s stability, which is based on the prediction of the moment of action and the nature of the dynamic processes of liquid cargo and the implementation of preventive actions by executive mechanisms. Modern automated control systems (anti-lock brake system, anti-slip control systems, stabilization systems, braking forces distribution systems, floor level systems, etc.) use a certain list of elements for collecting necessary parameters and actuators for their work. This gives the ability to influence the course stability properties without interfering with the design of the vehicle only by making changes to the software of these systems.
Keywords: tank vehicle, roll stability, mathematical model, vehicle control systems.
RESEARCH OF THE DOWNTIME OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES AT STOP IN LVIV
Authors: Pivtorak Halyna
Published: May 2020

Understanding the features and availability of information about the functioning indicators of public transport stops will improve the organization of movement in the city. This paper intended to study the trends change the downtime of public transport vehicles at stop using data of field research. The analysis of literary sources has shown that the number of studies of combined stops is insufficient and we tried to concentrate on the comparison of bus and combined stops. The field inspections were conducted at the city’s stops in Lviv on working days separately in the morning peak time and separately in the interpeak dinner period. For the given series of data of field inspections the following statistical characteristics were calculated: average value, median, percentile, confidence interval, value asymmetry. On the basis of research, it was discovered that other factors, other than the time of boarding and landing of passengers, affect the duration of downtime. And the influence of these factors is more than half the duration of the entire downtime. It was found that the downtimes are longer for combined bus and tram stops. When constructing trend lines to determine the relationship between passenger traffic and the downtime of public transport vehicles at stop the value of the determination factor in all cases does not exceed 0.52. Dependence on the sufficient value of the determination factor is found for the interconnection between the average downtime and number of vehicles arrivals per hour and between the average downtime and the stop passenger traffic per hour. The results obtained should be taken into account when calculating the capacity of public transport stops, lines of public transport routes, links of the street and road network.
Keywords: downtime, stop of public transport, passenger exchange, median.
INCREASING THE PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CONCRETES BY USING THE EPOXID FORMATION
Authors: Vyrozhemskyi Valerii , Kopynets Ivan , Sokolov Oleksii
Published: May 2020

One of the main reasons of low durability of asphalt concrete are the properties of bitumen which is the most sensitive of all its components to the action of external factors. As thermoplastic material, bitumen becomes soft at high summer temperatures leading to rutting, shear and sags formation. At low winter time temperatures it becomes fragile and rigid that due to low-temperature compression of asphalt pavement causes the occurrence of transverse cracks.
The most effective direction for increasing the durability and roughness of asphalt pavement is changing the bitumen behavior by various types of additives modification. Among the issues related to all known modifiers, the least studied is the issue of using thermosetting polymers, namely, epoxy components.
The main problem with the use of epoxy resins for modification is that under the influence of high process temperatures a rapid hardening of the epoxy resin after combining with the hardener occurs. Such behavior of epoxy components limits the temperature modes and the duration of process operations for the production, transportation and placement of epoxy asphalt mixtures.
In this paper, the results of the study of epoxy-asphalt concrete obtained using the cut-back bitumen are presented. The dilution of bitumen allows reducing the process temperatures of the production of epoxy asphalt concrete mixtures which increases the time for their transportation and compaction. As a result of hardening of the epoxy resin, over time, a significant increase in the strength of the epoxy asphalt concrete occurs at all temperatures. The rate of hardening of epoxy asphalt depends on the temperature of the environment. As the temperature rises, the reaction rate between the epoxy resin and the hardener increases, which is reflected in the growth of the strength of the epoxy asphalt concrete at all test temperatures, the more intense evaporation of the solvent and, consequently, the growth of water saturation and the decrease in average density.
Keywords. epoxy binder, epoxy asphalt concrete, epoxy resin, modification, cut-back bitumen.
Non-surgical periodontal therapy: Case Report
Authors: Banerjee Sohini , Biswas Chhanda , Debnath Tirthankar , Giri Pradip
Published: May 2020

Chronic periodontitis is the inflammatory diseases of the supporting tissues of teeth caused by micro-organisms resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both. Mechanical debridement of supra-gingival and subgingival biofilms, together with adequate oral hygiene measures is the standard periodontal therapy. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy which aims to eliminate both living bacteria in the microbial biofilm and calcified biofilm microorganisms still remains the gold standard and first recommended approach to control periodontal infection. This article would highlight about the long term follow-up and management of chronic periodontitis cases through non-surgical periodontal therapy and its importance and efficacy in day to day clinical practice.

Key words: Chronic periodontitis, nonsurgical periodontal therapy, efficacy.
ADOMO KRESCENCIJAUS GABRIELIAUS LOPACINSKIO GENEALOGIJŲ DIRBTUVĖ (XIX A. SEPTINTASIS–DEVINTASIS DEŠ.) / THE GENEALOGY WORKSHOP OF ADOMAS
RESCENCIJUS GABRIELIUS LOPACINSKIS (1860S–1880S)
Authors: BAIRAŠAUSKAITĖ TAMARA
Published: May 2020

ANNOTATION. The article dwells on the hitherto unnoticed manuscript legacy of the 19th
century genealogy lover, landlord of Dysna county Adomas Krescencijus Gabrielius Lopacinskis (Adam Krescenty Gabriel Łopaciński, 1826 – after 1893), stored in the Society of Friends of Science Fund at the Lithuanian State Historical Archives. The manuscript legacy includes personal and family documents as well as several letters. Its most valuable part is the impressive amount of materials dedicated to the genealogy of the GDL noble families. A. Lopacinskis’ written legacy makes it possible to speak about a workshop on historical memory and genealogy which was in operation in the nobleman’s house and nurtured the culture of writing down the family’s history.The article also offers a reconstruction of A. Lopacinskis’ biography with a view to explaining
how the genealogy workshop looked like, what it consisted of, who and how used the materials contained therein, and how the nobleman of the second half of the 19th century perceived the memorization of the highest class of the society.

KEYWORDS: Adomas Krescencijus Gabrielius Lopacinskis, manuscript, monograph, genealogy, genealogy workshop, memory
Designing of social and labor relations in the context of transformation: principles, organizational and institutional aspects
Authors: Legchilina Elena Yurevna
Published: May 2020

The paper studies the organizational and institutional problems in the field of labor relations transformation and substantiates novel principles of their designing aimed at achieving the balance between the interests of the parties.

We used a system-axiological approach based on a combination of analytical, institutional and systemic methods. The concept of co-evolution was applied while considering organizational and institutional aspects of social and labor relations.

The study proposes axiological dialectics as a systemic and meaning-forming factor in the transformation of labor relations. The author understands the transformation of labor relations as a construction of their novel organizational and inter-organizational structure intended to ensure the long-term functioning and development of the company.

The analysis of organizational and institutional bases of labor relations is carried out and four principles for the construction of labor relations in the transformation state in respect to economic systems are developed. The proposed organizational and institutional methodology and principles for labor relations designing can reduce contradictions in the system of labor relations and help achieve a balance of its participants’ interests. They can also serve as a conceptual basis for building the system of labor relations under transformation, as well as a way to shape the socio-economic development strategy of a company and/or an economic system.
LEITURA E PRODUÇÃO DE TEXTOS COMO INSTRUMENTOS DA APRENDIZAGEM EM UM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA DO NORTE DO PARANÁ
Authors: Pereira David Da Silva , Pereira Silvana Dias Cardoso
Published: May 2020

A reforma do currículo de uma Licenciatura em Matemática de uma Instituição de Ensino Pública Federal do Norte do Paraná iniciou um processo de intensificação de esforços que eram realizados no âmbito de um conjunto de disciplinas curriculares de formação geral de profissionais da Educação vinculadas aos Fundamentos Educacionais. Nesses cinco anos, colheu-se alguns elementos que podem ser mobilizados para a reflexão e para o aprimoramento de tais iniciativas que partem da Leitura, como campo de práticas e de investimento, para construir uma expressão dos sentidos apreendidos pelos licenciandos no âmbito da relação professor-aluno, bem como um acompanhamento contínuo do processo de aprimoramento da capacidade de leitura e de expressão escrita. Como resultados pois, algumas reflexões quanto aos modos de enfrentamento dos desafios de aprimoramento da leitura, exercício contínuo da escrita e promoção da reflexão oral acerca da produção em sala de aula.
A LEITURA PESSOAL DE LITERATURA NA ESCOLA COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE FORMAÇÃO DO LEITOR: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA LEITURA SUBJETIVA
Authors: Daibello Cláudia De Oliveira , Ometto Cláudia Beatriz de C. N.
Published: May 2020

O presente texto apresenta o recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, que busca compreender práticas de leitura de literatura realizadas no contexto escolar e também apontar possibilidades para um trabalho com literatura na escola com foco na experiência pessoal da criança com o texto literário. Neste texto, temos como objetivo apresentar as contribuições da perspectiva didática proposta por autores franceses, como Rouxel (2012, 2013), e nomeada como Leitura Subjetiva.
Ensinar a ler em diferentes áreas do conhecimento: o que pensam os professores sobre o ensino da compreensão leitora?
Authors: Vicari Pâmela Lopes , Guarienti Dayene Borges , Forneck Kári Lúcia , Martins Silvana Neumann
Published: May 2020

Apresentamos uma discussão a respeito de como alguns professores pensam e ensinam a compreensão leitora em sala de aula. A partir de um questionário, as respostas foram agrupadas em temáticas de análise, a partir das quais observamos que: a) a leitura é trabalhada na escola, na maior parte das vezes, com objetivo de desenvolver a fruição nos alunos, com menor preocupação na aprendizagem da compreensão leitora; e b) a visão dos entrevistados a respeito da inferência ainda não é clara, uma vez que não evidenciamos conhecimentos acerca das particularidades do ensino de estratégias de leitura. Por fim, fica evidente que há uma lacuna a ser preenchida no âmbito da formação inicial e continuada de professores, uma vez que verificamos que, ainda que se preocupem com a qualificação dos processos de leitura de seus alunos, não há muita clareza em como efetivamente devem ensinar seus alunos a compreender o que leem.
(Multi)letramento em um colégio público no Paraná: compreensão responsiva em atividades de leitura sobre postagens do Facebook
Authors: Ciavolella Bruno , Jung Neiva Maria
Published: May 2020

Este artigo discute resultados de uma pesquisa-ação realizada com alunos do oitavo ano de um colégio público da região Noroeste do Paraná, a partir de uma prática pedagógica de multiletramentos. No intuito de investigar se e como a diversidade cultural e de linguagens é compreendida nos enunciados em práticas letradas escolares, analisam-se manifestações de compreensão responsiva materializadas em enunciados escritos de uma prática de leitura com postagens da rede social Facebook. O olhar epistemológico pautou-se na concepção dialógica de linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin e nos Estudos sobre Letramento de Street. As respostas apresentadas pelos alunos evidenciam que eles reconheceram a diversidade marcada em um discurso preconceituoso e se posicionaram em certa medida em relação a ela. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de aulas de Língua Portuguesa se constituírem como espaço de transculturalidade.
Geophysical imaging of porosity variations in the Danish North Sea chalk
Authors: Abramovitz Tanni
Published: May 2020

More than 80% of the present-day oil and gas production in the Danish part of the North Sea is extracted from fields with chalk reservoirs of late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) and early Paleocene (Danian) ages (Fig. 1). Seismic reflection and inversion data play a fundamental role in mapping and characterisation of intra-chalk structures and reservoir properties of the Chalk Group in the North Sea. The aim of seismic inversion is to transform seismic reflection data into quantitative rock properties such as acoustic impedance (AI) that provides information on reservoir properties enabling identification of porosity anomalies that may constitute potential reservoir compartments. Petrophysical analyses of well log data have shown a relationship between AI and porosity. Hence, AI variations can be transformed into porosity variations and used to support detailed interpretations of porous chalk units of possible reservoir quality. This paper presents an example of how the chalk team at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) integrates geological, geophysical and petrophysical information, such as core data, well log data, seismic 3-D reflection and AI data, when assessing the hydrocarbon prospectivity of chalk fields.
Evidence of stretching of the lithosphere under Denmark
Authors: Gregersen Søren , Vandur Nielsen Lene , Voss Peter
Published: May 2020

The structure of the lithosphere under Denmark has been investigated in relation to adjacent regions of Sweden and Germany. The most interesting result of the study is that the 120 km thick lithosphere under Denmark appears to be a stretched version of the Swedish lithosphere, which is more than twice as thick. During the international project Teleseismic Tomography across the Tornquist Zone (Tor), field work and international interpretation were carried out between 1996 and 2002. Following the field work period, model velocity computations were undertaken based on observations of distant earthquakes (e.g. Arlitt 1999; Shomali et al. 2002; Voss et al. 2006), and recently an evaluation of the Tor results was completed (Nielsen 2007). The Tor project investigates deeper parts of the Earth than previous projects, and in particular the depth interval 50–300 km, which is below the crystalline crust. The investigations have included many geophysical features such as teleseismic P-wave tomography, Rayleigh wave velocities, shear wave splitting and wave scattering. We have distinguished between relatively high- and low-velocity zones, which also show variations in anisotropy and scatter characteristics. Generalised high-velocity zones correspond to the lithosphere, while generalised relatively low-velocity zones are equivalent to the asthenosphere. The main outcome of the combined studies is that the deep lithosphere can be divided into three blocks separated approximately along the national boundaries between Sweden and Denmark and between Denmark and Germany. The boundaries between the blocks are steep, almost vertical. The Denmark block has lithosphere properties between those to the north and south. Based on previous crustal studies and the Tor results, we suggest that the Denmark block has evolved by stretching. The details in the new evaluation are derived from teleseismic tomography. Here we present a synthesis of the many derived models in the light of the new evaluation.
A new programme for monitoring the mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Ahlstrøm Andreas P. , PROMICE project team *
Published: May 2020

The Greenland ice sheet has been losing mass at a dramatic rate in recent years, raising political concern worldwide due to the possible impact on global sea level rise and climate dynamics (Luthcke et al. 2006; Rignot & Kanagaratnam 2006; Velicogna & Wahr 2006; IPCC 2007; Shepherd & Wingham 2007). The Arctic region as a whole is warming up much more rapidly than the globe at large (ACIA 2005) and it is desirable to quantify these changes in order to provide the decision-makers with a firm knowledge base. To cover this need, the Danish Ministry of Climate and Energy has now launched a new Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE), designed and operated by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) in collaboration with the National Space Institute at the Technical University of Denmark and Asiaq (Greenland Survey). The aim of the programme is to quantify the annual mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet, track changes in the extent of local glaciers and ice caps, and track changes in the position of the ice-sheet margin.
Hans Ø, celebrated island of Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada: from dog-sledge to satellite mapping
Authors: Dawes Peter R. , Tukiainen Tapani
Published: May 2020

Hans Ø – or Tartupaluk to the indigenous population of North-West Greenland – is a small steeply sided island in Nares Strait at c. 80°50´N. Charted in 1871 and named after Greenlander Hans Hendrik, it is one of five limestone islands forming an integral part of the Greenland Silurian succession. Rising less than 170 m above normally ice-infested waters, the 1.25 km2 island is physiographically far overshadowed by nearby Franklin Ø (Fig. 1). The island’s notoriety results from its placing more or less equidistant between the coasts of Kennedy Channel on the political boundary between Greenland and Canada. For 40 years the rocky patch has been the subject of a dispute be tween the Danish/Greenland and Canadian governments regarding sovereignty rights, an issue that remains unresolved. However, there is mutual understanding between Canada and Denmark that “since the question of sovereignty over the island has not yet been solved no action should be taken by either side which might prejudge the settlement of the issue” (Brückner 1984). Formally, this remains the position today.
From science to practice in implementing the European Union’s Water Framework Directive
Authors: Flindt Jørgensen Lisbeth , Refsgaard Jens Christian , Lajer Højberg Anker
Published: May 2020

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union aims to achieve a ‘good’ status for all inland and coastal waters by the year 2015 (EC 2000). The directive defines how this should be achieved through the establishment of environmental objectives and ecological targets. Successful implementation of the WFD requires integration into already existing national legislation and a sound combination of issues on technical feasibility, scientific knowledge and socio-economic aspects requiring intensive stakeholder involvement. This calls for appropriate tools such as models to support management of technical and social aspects of different phases of the implementation (Rekolainen et al. 2003; Quevauviller et al. 2005). It is therefore necessary to provide an overview of already existing methods and tools and develop new ones. Research programmes funded by the European Commission (EC) often address issues of current interest for practitioners, such as the Fifth Framework Programme, where a number of research projects to support the practical implementation of the WFD were initiated under the theme ‘Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development’. The funding part (the Directorate-General for Research, DG Research) and the responsible authority for the WFD at European level (Directorate-General of Environment) saw the need to cluster these research projects and related activities, and initiated the Harmoni-CA project, a socalled ‘Concerted Action’ (i.e. Harmonised Modelling Tools for Integrated River Basin Management). The objectives of this paper are (a) to briefly describe the overall purpose of the Harmoni-CA project and some of its overarching outputs, and (b) to further illustrate how the implementation of the WFD can be enhanced by combining monitoring and modelling disciplines and by bringing practitioners and researchers together.
Influence of Metallurgy and File Design in Micro Crack Formation in Root Canals - An in Vitro Study
Authors: B Dr. Jyothilekshmi , Pillai Dr. Rajesh , Varghese Dr. N O , Salim Dr. Afzal Abdul , George Dr. Sheila , Murali Dr. Nikhil , Ramachandran Dr. Geetha , S V Dr. Praveena
Published: May 2020

Aim and Objectives: This study aims to compare the incidence of dentinal microcracks produced by Max Wire Technology (XP Endo Shaper-single files), Adaptive Pitch (Hero shaper – multiple files) and Controlled Memory (Hyflex – multiple files) files during root canal procedures in single- rooted teeth using a stereomicroscope.

Materials and Methods: Sixty four single-rooted mandibular premolars with similar sizes and completed apices were selected. All specimens were decoronated using a diamond- coated bur with water cooling, leaving roots approximately 15 millimeter in length.Silicone impression material was used for covering the external surface of roots to simulate periodontal ligament space, and specimens were then embedded in the alginate impression material.
Characterization of fabrics coated with doped TiO 2 -graphene
Authors: Dumitrescu Iuliana , IORDACHE OVIDIU-GEORGE , MITRAN ELENA-CORNELIA , PERDUM ELENA , SĂNDULACHE IRINA-MARIANA , SECĂREANU LUCIA-OANA , SOBETKII ARCADII
Published: May 2020

This study presents the results of laboratory experiments to prepare cotton woven fabrics with photoactive properties.
The fabric was treated with TiO 2 – Fe(1%) – N + 2% graphene by exhaustion followed by a fluorocarbon polymer
treatment. The fabric was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
(SEM/EDAX), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Contact Angle measurement, physical properties (weight,
thickness, breaking strength, elongation, air/water permeability, electrical resistance). The photocatalytic activity was
determined initially and after 5 washings by measuring the trichromatic coordinates of the treated fabrics stained with
methylene blue and exposed to UV and visible light on a Hunterlab UV-Vis spectrophotometer.
The results demonstrate a uniform deposition of doped TiO 2 -graphene particles on material surface. The thermal
stability of the coated cotton fabric is practically unmodified in comparison with blank cotton fabric.
The decrease of the surface resistivity demonstrates the deposition of graphene layer, known for its good electrical
conductivity. The wetting capacity of initial hydrophilic cotton fabric is dramatically modified, the fabric becoming
hydrophobic after treatment. The photocatalytic efficiency is higher under visible light than under UV-radiation due to the
TiO 2 doping and decoration with graphene, which extend the light absorption from UV to visible range. The good
photocatalytic activity under visible light is maintained after 5 washing cycles.
Researches on the use of textile materials for protection against soil erosion
Authors: DOROFTEI BOGDAN-IULIAN , DEGERATU MIRCEA , BANDOC GEORGETA , IORDACHE OVIDIU GEORGE , MOGA IOANA CORINA
Published: May 2020

Erosion of sandy soil due to wind action is a global ecological problem with major implications both in the field of
agriculture and in the socio-economic sphere. Erosion and sand transport have a negative effect both in the “active area”
in which it occurs and outside it, not being a strictly defined phenomenon. The present paper deals with the problems
due to the erosion of soils by wind, and the way of diminishing this phenomenon by using some protective textile screens
placed transversely to the wind direction. The aim of the paper is to provide numerical contributions on wind interaction
with permeable soil protection obstacles. For concrete data, a number of numerical simulations of the air flow in the
atmospheric boundary layer area was carried out, in the presence of a wind barrier having different degrees of
permeability, depending on the textile used, for the determination of the speed upstream and downstream of the
obstacle. The program used for the numerical simulation is ANSYS FluentTM, a computational fluid dynamics software
that uses a variety of equations for the modelling of fluid flow. The results obtained will be used as a basis for further
research, based on scaled textile barriers models for physical experiments in the aerodynamic tunnel.
Qualitative classification of woven fabrics produced from recycled threads of cotton and blends
Authors: Mihriban Kalkanci
Published: May 2020

In this study, shirting fabrics were woven with weft threads produced from blends of recycled cotton fibers, original cotton fibers and original polyester fibers (100% original cotton, 100% recycled cotton, 35%/65% polyester/recycled cotton, 35%/65% polyester/original cotton, 50%/50% polyester/recycled cotton, 50%/50% polyester/original cotton). The produced fabrics were investigated in terms of fabric defects by using fabric quality control machines after wet treatment procedures have been carried out. The types and numbers of defects detected during quality control were recorded and graded according to Graniteville 78 Fabric Inspection System and were classified accordingly. All fabrics were evaluated in terms of fabric quality.
Middle Test Ilmu Sejarah Ayu Fajriyah
Authors: Fajriyah Ayu
Published: May 2020

Hello. I'm Ayu Fajriyah from Lambung Mangkurat University. This basic test I wrote aims to put forward my analysis of the development of the education system in Indonesia according to the book "History of Indonesian Education" received a lot of influence from foreign nations, both at the time of the influence of Hindu-Buddhist-Islamic development until the time of colonialism. Education has diverse characteristics and objectives and is carried out in different ways in each era.
Middle Test Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan IPS
Authors: hayati Agustina
Published: May 2020

Pada tulisan ini penulis menjelaskan tentang beberapa hal mengenai Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia yang dimulai dari kerajaan Hindu-Budha, masuknya pendidikan masa kerajaan Hindu-Budha dan pendidikan Islam sampai dengan Era Kolonialisme. Dengan dimulai fakta yang menyatakan bahwa pendidikan telah ada sebelum sistem persekolahan ada, seperti pendidikan formal dan pendidikan informal. Kemudian masuknya budaya asing yang menyebabkan berkembangnya pendidikan yang disertai dengan penyebaran agama melalui sistem persekolahan yang ada. Dari adanya budaya asing yang dibawa oleh Bangsa Eropa tentunya akan menimbulkan dampak sosial seperti pendidikan yang dapat dirasakan oleh semua masyarakat tanpa mengenal sistem kasta, hal ini sangat berlaku pada masa pendidikan islam. Karena pada masa pendidikan sebelumnya (Hindu-Budha) yang hanya berhak mendapatkn penidikan adalah para kaum bangsawan atau para petinggi kerajaan.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND STUDY OF THE GRAIN CLEANING MACHINE SIEVE FRAME OPERATION
Authors: Badretdinov Ildar , Mudarisov Salavat , Lukmanov Ramil , Ibragimov Radik , Permyakov Valeri , Tuktarov Marat
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this work is a mathematical description of sieve frame structural and technological parameters necessary for the implementation of the technological process model of a grain cleaning machine operation. The paper presents the results of the study of the grain cleaning machine sieve frame operation. A kinematic study of a flat swivel multi-link mechanism of the grain cleaning machine sieve frame was made. The method of determining the coordinates of the sieve frame nodal points was developed to calculate their speed. Structural and technological parameters of the mechanism were also studied.
EFFECTS OF MOISTURE CONTENT ON SOME ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF ARECANUT (ARECA CATECHU L.) FRUIT WHICH ARE RELEVANT TO THE DESIGN OF PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
Authors: Bulan Ramayanty , Devianti  , Septi Ayu Ega , Sitorus Agustami
Published: May 2020

The physical and mechanical properties of fresh arecanut fruit have not been comprehensively and thoroughly investigated scientifically yet. This made the researchers and engineers not to be precise in designing the fresh arecanut handling machine. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate some engineering properties of arecanut fruit in three moisture viz. 67.66%, w.b. (underripe stages), 64.86%, w.b. (ripe stages), and 33.90%, w.b. (overripe stages). In general, the results of the study show that the geometric and arithmetic mean diameter, surface area, bulk and true density, porosity, angle of repose, compression force and static coefficient of friction at different surfaces (stainless steel, plywood, and glass) of arecanut fruit were found to increase 2.16%, 2.70%, 4.26%, 0.02%, 42.16%, 42.41%, 9.97%, 17.04%, 20.30%, and 22.04% respectively at decrease of moisture content from 67.66%, w.b. to 33.90%, w.b. However, sphericity, aspect ratio, thousand fruit mass, and bulk density of the arecanut fruit were found to decrease 2.31%, 3.31%, 34.54%, and, 50.24%, respectively at a decrease of moisture content from 67.66% (w.b.) to 33.90% (w.b.). Some engineering properties of arecanut fruit indicate something slightly different from the arecanut kernels so that this data can help the researcher or engineer to design the fresh arecanut fruit handling machine more precisely.
O estágio supervisionado em Educação Infantil e a formação docente em Educação Física
Authors: Martins Rodrigo Lema Del Rio , Tostes Luiza Fraga , Mello André da Silva
Published: May 2020

Este artigo analisa as disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado relacionadas à Educação Infantil nos cursos de Licenciatura em Educação Física, identificando os pontos de convergência e de divergência com as orientações pedagógicas contidas nos documentos norteadores da primeira etapa da Educação Básica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental que utiliza como fontes as ementas e as bibliografias das referidas disciplinas em cursos oferecidos por universidades públicas, sediadas nas capitais brasileiras, em que há a presença de professores de Educação Física atuando na Educação Infantil municipal. Foram examinadas 16 ementas e 267 obras vinculadas a elas, provenientes de currículos de 14 universidades. O estudo constata um afastamento dessas ementas e bibliografias com relação aos documentos oficiais que balizam o trabalho pedagógico na Educação Infantil no país. Conclui-se que esse distanciamento pode acarretar dificuldades para a ampliação da presença do professor com formação em Educação Física na primeira etapa da Educação Básica e, também, para a sua permanência.
Scrutinizing and Appraising the Usages of Cryptographic API
Authors:   Btech Students, Department of Computer Science &Engineering,, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Tanmayi* P. , Harshini R. Sri ,   Btech Students, Department of Computer Science &Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Mahitha CH. ,   Btech Students, Department of Computer Science &Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Padyala Mr. Venkata Vara Prasad ,   Professors, Department of Computer Science &Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kiran DR. K. V. D ,   Professors, Department of Computer Science &Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: May 2020

Developing and maintaining an appropriate series of safety regulations that balance the abuse of cryptographic APIs is a daunting task as cryptographic APIs are continually changing with new primeval and cryptographic settings, rendering current versions balanced. We are proposing a new approach to eliminating security patches from thousands of code changes in order to resolve this challenge. Our approach involves (i) detecting program modifications that sometimes cause security fixes, (ii) an abstraction that filters trivial code changes (such as refactoring), and (iii) a cluster analysis that recognizes similarities between semantine program modifications and helps to obtain safety laws. We used our approach to the Java Crypto API and demonstrated that it is effective: (i) effectively filter changes in non-modification code (more than 99% of all changes) without removing them from our abstraction, and (ii) over 80 percent of code changes are security fixes that define security rules. We have established 13 rules, including new ones, based on our findings, that are not supported by existing security checks. CCS COCEPTS: Security and privacy → Systems security; Cryptanalysis and other attacks; Software security engineering;
Deterministic Modelling of Hydraulic Static Pile Driver Productivity for Rectangular and Triangular Shaped Piles in Silty Soil
Authors:   Doctoral of Civil Engineering, Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, Warsito* Joko Y.E. , Hatmoko Jati D.U. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, Ataf Rusdi H. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia
Published: May 2020

Various piles driving equipment can be used for piling in building projects. In densely populated urban area, more environmentally friendly pile driving equipment, such as hydraulic static pile driver (HSPD) is therefore needed. There are important factors influence the HSPD productivity that are implied in treatment of pile in soil, such as soil type, driven pile size, piling depth, and cycle time. While some methods are available to estimate construction productivity, each method has limitations, such as unreliable prediction and difficult implementation. In present research, HSPD productivity in construction project has been estimated by deterministic modelling, so produced the chart model of HSPD productivity of rectangular and triangular shaped piles in silty soil. Data were collected through site observation from five building projects in three cities of Indonesia, i.e. Semarang, Pati, and Solo. A deterministic model has been designed utilizing data of 180 piling points from the five projects and simulation, so was obtained the chart model of HSPD productivity. Validation of the outputs of the model shows a valid result with an average validity value of 95.6% and standard deviation of 3.3%. Sensitivity analysis of these outputs shows an average sensitivity value of 88.25%. The productivity chart is valuable to plan and to estimate time related to the use of HSPD in construction projects.