bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Reform: Design and Implementation of a System to Optimize Outcomes for Veterans and Their Families
Authors: Phelps Andrea , Lawrence-Wood Ellie , Couineau Anne-Laure , Hinton Mark , Dolan Paul , Smith Patrick , Notarianni MaryAnn , Forbes David , Hosseiny Fardous
Published: October 2022

The social, health, and economic burden of mental health problems in the veteran community is heavy. Internationally, the array of services and support available to veterans and their families are extensive but vary in quality, are often disconnected, complex to navigate, and lack clear coordination. This paper describes a conceptual framework to guide the design and implementation of a system of services and supports to optimize the mental health and wellbeing of all veterans and their families. The framework recognizes the diversity of veterans across intersecting identities that uniquely shape experiences of posttraumatic mental health and wellbeing. It brings together several strands of research: the values and principles that should underpin the system; the needs of diverse veterans and their families; challenges in the current services and supports; evidence-based interventions; and principles of effective implementation. Central to the future system design is a next generation stepped model of care that organizes best and next practice interventions in a coherent system, matches service provision to level of need and addresses access and navigation. Practical guidance on implementation provides an aspirational and flexible structure for system evolution, and a template for all stakeholders—individuals, groups, agencies and organizations—to effect system change.
Bioremediation of Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants Primed with L-Proline, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger
Authors: Bashir Sarmad , Javed Sadia , Al-Anazi Khalid Mashay , Farah Mohammad Abul , Ali Sajad
Published: October 2022

Cadmium toxicity is one of the deleterious abiotic factors that reduce wheat production. Two different cultivars (Akbar and Dilkash) were compared for their cadmium (0, 40 and 80 mg/kg) tolerance and responses towards Bacillus subtilis NA2, Aspergillus niger PMI-118 and L-proline. Both microbes were tested for heavy metal tolerance and production of various plant hormones and biological active enzyme characteristics under normal and cadmium stress. A completely randomized design (two cultivars × four treatments × three cadmium levels × three replicates) was adopted using distilled water as a control. The growth promotion potential of these strains under cadmium stress was determined by N-fixation, IAA synthesis, P-solubilization, amylase and proteases production. A pot experiment under controlled conditions was conducted to evaluate the effect of bacteria, fungi, and L-proline under cadmium stress. It was indicated from the result that plant biomass (46.43%), shoot length (22.40%), root length (25.06%), chlorophyll (17.17%), total sugars (27.07%), total proteins (86.01%) and ascorbic acid (83.27%) were improved with inoculation under control and cadmium stress. The accumulation of total flavonoids (48.64%), total phenolics (24.88%), hydrogen peroxide (53.96%) and activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT (26.37%) and APX (43.71%) were reduced in the plants treated with bacteria, fungi and L-proline than those under control. With parallel aids, Bacillus subtilis NA2 showed a higher cadmium tolerance and plant growth stability as compared to Aspergillus niger PMI-118 and L-proline and may be adopted in the future.
De Novo Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Flowering-Related Genes That Potentially Contribute to Flowering-Time Control in the Japanese Cultivated Gentian Gentiana triflora
Authors: Takase Tomoyuki , Shimizu Motoki , Takahashi Shigekazu , Nemoto Keiichirou , Goto Fumina , Yoshida Chiharu , Abe Akira , Nishihara Masahiro
Published: October 2022

Japanese cultivated gentians are perennial plants that flower in early summer to late autumn in Japan, depending on the cultivar. Several flowering-related genes, including GtFT1 and GtTFL1, are known to be involved in regulating flowering time, but many such genes remain unidentified. In this study, we obtained transcriptome profiling data using the Gentiana triflora cultivar ‘Maciry’, which typically flowers in late July. We conducted deep RNA sequencing analysis using gentian plants grown under natural field conditions for three months before flowering. To investigate diurnal changes, the plants were sampled at 4 h intervals over 24 h. Using these transcriptome data, we determined the expression profiles of leaves based on homology searches against the Flowering-Interactive Database of Arabidopsis. In particular, we focused on transcription factor genes, belonging to the BBX and MADS-box families, and analyzed their developmental and diurnal variation. The expression levels of representative BBX genes were also analyzed under long- and short-day conditions using in-vitro-grown seedlings, and the expression patterns of some BBX genes differed. Clustering analysis revealed that the transcription factor genes were coexpressed with GtFT1. Overall, these expression profiles will facilitate further analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of flowering time in gentians.
Gut Microbiota Restores Central Neuropeptide Deficits in Germ-Free Mice
Authors: Hamamah Sevag , Covasa Mihai
Published: October 2022

Recent work has demonstrated the ability of the gut microbiota (GM) to alter the expression and release of gut peptides that control appetite and regulate energy homeostasis. However, little is known about the neuronal response of these hormones in germ-free (GF) animals, especially leptin, which is strikingly low in these animals. Therefore, we aimed to determine the response to exogenous leptin in GF mice as compared to conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice. Specifically, we injected and measured serum leptin in both GF and CONV-R mice and measured expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides NPY, AgRP, POMC, and CART in the hypothalamus and hindbrain to examine whether the GM has an impact on central nervous system regulation of energy homeostasis. We found that GF mice had a significant increase in hypothalamic NPY and AgRP mRNA expression and a decrease in hindbrain NPY and AgRP mRNA, while mRNA expression of POMC and CART remained unchanged. Administration of leptin normalized circulating levels of leptin, GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin, all of which were significantly decreased in GF mice. Finally, brief conventionalization of GF mice for 10 days restored the deficits in hypothalamic and hindbrain neuropeptides present in GF animals. Taken together, these results show that the GM regulates hypothalamic and hindbrain orexigenic/anorexigenic neuropeptide expression. This is in line with the role of gut microbiota in lipid metabolism and fat deposition that may contribute to excess fat in conventionalized animals under high feeding condition.
Aplastic Anemia as a Roadmap for Bone Marrow Failure: An Overview and a Clinical Workflow
Authors: Solimando Antonio G. , Palumbo Carmen , Pragnell Mary Victoria , Bittrich Max , Argentiero Antonella , Krebs Markus
Published: October 2022

In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that bone marrow (BM) failures and myeloid malignancy predisposition syndromes are characterized by a wide phenotypic spectrum and that these diseases must be considered in the differential diagnosis of children and adults with unexplained hematopoiesis defects. Clinically, hypocellular BM failure still represents a challenge in pathobiology-guided treatment. There are three fundamental topics that emerged from our review of the existing data. An exogenous stressor, an immune defect, and a constitutional genetic defect fuel a vicious cycle of hematopoietic stem cells, immune niches, and stroma compartments. A wide phenotypic spectrum exists for inherited and acquired BM failures and predispositions to myeloid malignancies. In order to effectively manage patients, it is crucial to establish the right diagnosis. New theragnostic windows can be revealed by exploring BM failure pathomechanisms.
Physicochemical Properties of Sugarcane Cultivars Affected Life History and Population Growth Parameters of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Mortazavi Malekshah Seyedeh Atefeh , Naseri Bahram , Ranjbar Aghdam Hossein , Razmjou Jabraeil , Fathi Seyed Ali Asghar , Ebadollahi Asgar , Changbunjong Tanasak
Published: October 2022

The use of resistant cultivars is an efficient management strategy against S. nonagrioides. The effects of different sugarcane cultivars, CP48-103, CP57-614, CP69-1062, CP73-21, SP70-1143, and IRC99-02 were evaluated on the oviposition preference (free-choice assay), life history, and life table parameters of S. nonagrioides at 27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) h. The longest and shortest developmental times were on cultivars SP70-1143 and CP48-103, respectively. The oviposition preference of S. nonagrioides was the highest on cultivars CP48-103 and CP69-1062, and negatively correlated with the shoot trichome density and shoot rind hardness of the cultivars. The highest intrinsic rate of increase of S. nonagrioides was on cultivar CP48-103 and the lowest was on cultivar SP70-1143. The shortest mean generation time was on CP48-103 and the longest was on SP70-1143. The results indicate that cultivars CP48-103 and CP69-1062 were susceptible, and cultivar SP70-1143 was partially resistant against S. nonagrioides. This information could be useful for developing integrated management programs of S. nonagrioides, such as the use of resistant cultivars to reduce the damage caused by this pest in sugarcane fields.
Developing Children’s Creativity and Social-Emotional Competencies through Play: Summary of Twenty Years of Findings of the Evidence-Based Interventions “Game Program”
Authors: Garaigordobil Maite , Berrueco Laura , Celume Macarena-Paz
Published: October 2022

This work presents the results of four cooperative-creative game programs (Game Programs). In all four studies, experimental designs with repeated pretest-posttest measures and control groups were used. Validation samples ranged from 86 to 178 participants, randomly assigning participants to the experimental and control conditions. Before and after each program, a battery of assessment instruments was applied to measure the variables under study. The intervention consists of conducting a weekly game session during the school year. The results of the posttest covariance analyses confirmed a significant impact: (1) in social development, by increasing various positive social behaviors and decreasing many negative social behaviors; by increasing assertive cognitive strategies and prosocial resolution of interpersonal problems; and by enhancing relationships and positive communication among group members; (2) in emotional development, by improving self-concept, peer image, and emotional stability; and (3) in cognitive development, by increasing verbal intelligence, verbal and graphic-figurative creativity, as well as creative personality behaviors and traits. This work provides empirical evidence of the relevance of cooperative-creative play in child development.
An Analysis of the Methane Cracking Process for CO2-Free Hydrogen Production Using Thermodynamic Methodologies
Authors: Mitoura dos Santos Junior Julles , Gomes Jan Galvão , de Freitas Antônio Carlos Daltro , Guirardello Reginaldo
Published: October 2022

The thermal cracking process of methane does not present the emissions of polluting gases, forming only hydrogen with a high degree of purity and solid carbon that can be commercialized for other industrial purposes globally. Thermodynamic methodologies based on Gibbs energy minimization and entropy maximization are used in the present study to simulate operating conditions of isothermal and adiabatic reactors, respectively. The chemical equilibrium and combined phases problem were written in a non-linear programming form and optimized with the GAMS software using the CONOPT 3 solver. The results obtained by the methodology described in this study present a good agreement with the data reported in the literature, with mean relative deviations lower than 1.08%. High temperatures and low pressures favor the decomposition of methane and the formation of products. When conditioned in an isothermal reactor, total methane conversions are obtained at temperatures above 1200 K at 1 bar. When conditioned to an adiabatic reactor, due to the lack of energy support provided by the isothermal reactor and taking into account that it is an endothermic process, high methane-conversion rates are obtained for temperatures above 1600 K at 1 bar. As an alternative, the combined effects of the addition of hydrogen to the feed combined with a system of extreme pressure variation indicate a possibility of conducting the thermal cracking process of methane in adiabatic systems. Setting the CH4/H2 ratio in the system feed at 1:10 at 1600 K and 50 bar, following severe depressurization through an isentropic valve, varying the pressure from 50 to 1 bar, the methane conversion varies from 0 to 94.712%, thus indicating a possible operational conformation for the process so that the amount of carbon generated is not so harmful to the process, taking into account that the formation of the same occurs only after the reaction and heating processes. Under the same operating conditions, it is possible to use about 40.57% of the generated hydrogen to provide energy for the process to occur.
Effects of Silica Fume and Micro Silica on the Properties of Mortars Containing Waste PVC Plastic Fibers
Authors: Mahmood Rawa Ahmed , Kockal Niyazi Ugur
Published: October 2022

Investigations on the usability of waste plastics as a new generation of construction materials have become one of the main concerns of researchers and engineers in recent decades. Waste plastics can be used either as aggregate replacement or as fiber reinforcement to enhance the properties of cementitious mixtures. This study focuses on the properties of waste PVC fiber-reinforced mortars containing silica fume and micro silica. Plastic fibers were added to the mortar mixes by volume fractions of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. Cement was replaced by micro silica and silica fume by 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of cement, respectively. In total, 28 different groups of mortars were produced. The results showed an enhanced ductility and deformation behavior of mortars upon the addition of waste PVC plastic fibers. It can be seen that fibers restricted crack propagation and maintained integrity, hence improving the ductility of the mortars. On the other hand, the addition of fibers led to a reduction in the physical and mechanical properties of the mortar samples. The compressive strength of the mortar samples decreased gradually by increasing the fiber content. Cement replacement by silica fume improved mechanical and microstructural properties of the mortars. The results also demonstrated that silica fume significantly decreased the porosity and water absorption capacity of mortar samples.
A Walk through Gumboro Disease
Authors: Franciosini Maria Pia , Davidson Irit
Published: October 2022

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by an Avibirnavirus, belonging to the family Birnaviridae, is an immunosuppressive disease that affects 3–6-week-old chickens, resulting in clinical or subclinical infection. Although clinical disease occurs in chickens, turkeys, ducks, guinea fowl, and ostriches can be also infected. IBD virus (IBDV) causes lymphoid depletion of the bursa, which is responsible for the severe depression of the humoral antibody response, primarily if this occurs within the first 2 weeks of life. IBD remains an issue in chicken meat production due to economic losses caused by the spread of variants or subtypes, resistant to the most common vaccines, responsible for a subclinical disease characterized by reduced growth performance and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Very virulent strains of classical serotype 1 are also common in several countries and can cause severe disease with up to 90% mortality. This review mainly focuses on the immunosuppressive effect of the IBDV and potential vaccination strategies, capable of overcoming challenges associated with the optimal time for vaccination of offspring, which is dependent on maternal immunity and IBDV variant occurrence.
Organization of network interaction when working with children with disabilities
Authors:   FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Slepukhina G. V.
Published: October 2022

The introduction of children with disabilities to an inclusive space is important not so much from the standpoint of the development of their cognitive processes, but from the perspective of their social and emotional development. However, when children with disabilities study in an inclusive environment, their cognitive development improves, which in turn determines a better orientation in the world around them, ability to organize their lives and be more independent, to accumulate their own social experience. Comprehensive care and support for children with disabilities involves the cooperation and interaction of a large number of specialists. In addition, the need for additional resources is highlighted; these resources can be found both through creating or redistributing internal resources of the educational organization that such a child attends, and through taking advantage of the opportunities of other organizations that have such resources. In order to expand the educational space and create new opportunities for the development of children with disabilities and support of their families, joint activities of various organizations in the form of networking are crucial. Most often, joint activities of various organizations, which provide an opportunity for a child with disabilities to develop using the resources of these organizations, are carried out in the form of socially oriented projects. A more complex level of interaction is strategic partnership, which involves the creation and operation of a partner network. The purpose of such a network is to create opportunities for project participants to access a wide range of high-quality medical, social, psychological and other services. An example of the networking organization is the work of the Metallurg Charitable Foundation with children with disabilities in the implementation of the projects “Family Co-Creation Platform – Growing Together” and “Inclusive Community: Adaptive Physical Culture and Sports for Children with Mental Developmental Disorders”.
Social partnership and entrepreneurship: trends and prospects of development in the student environment
Authors:   FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Kaminskiy A. S.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the features of the following concepts: social partnership, entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship. The issues of trends in students' choice of a conflict resolution strategy within the framework of social partnership and the attitude to entrepreneurship in the student environment are raised. The answers of students of various majors on choosing their own strategy for overcoming conflict situations and identifying leading career orientations that allow determining trends and prospects for the development of social partnership and entrepreneurship in the student environment are analyzed.
Features of psychosocial work with adolescents subjected to violence
Authors:   FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Martynova N. V.
Published: October 2022

The modern society of the Russian Federation has been affected by serious transformations in various spheres of life: economic, political, pedagogical, psychological, as well as social one. These changes have led to a number of negative consequences, such as a decrease in the standard of living of the majority of the population, stratification in terms of financial situation, and lack of confidence in the future. These factors have seriously influenced the growth of aggression in society and domestic violence, from which children suffer primarily. Children are the most vulnerable and unprotected social group, therefore, the increase in violence is not only a federal but also a global issue. Violence against children in the family is a significant problem of today's modern society, so its relevance is rapidly increasing. As a rule, any violent action on the part of family members radically changes the life of a child or adolescent for the worse. Very often, the causes of violent acts are low income, alcohol or drug addiction of family members, lack of love for the child, as well as mental and physiological fatigue. Unfortunately, it is quite common that children who have been abused by their parents begin to perceive violence as a means of solving problems and the norm of communication, therefore, the number of juvenile crimes is growing. After analyzing the statistics, it can be seen that about 2 million children and adolescents under the age of 16 become victims of violent acts by their own parents annually, and more than 50 thousand children and adolescents run away from home for the sake of salvation. According to statistics, 10 % of abused children die, while the rest have serious disorders in the physiological and psycho-emotional spheres of life.
Craniological features of Siberian cattle from the collection of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Boronetskaya O. I. , Ostapchuk A. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Kaledin A. P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Rubtsova I. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow
Published: October 2022

The study of the craniums of Siberian cattle has been carried out in the article. The research was carried out by researchers of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”. The purpose of the work was to analyze the craniological features of Siberian cattle from the collection of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun. The craniums of Siberian cattle collected by the expedition under the direct supervision of E. F. Liskun in 1910 served as the material for research. Unfortunately, to date not all craniums of this breed have been preserved in the museum’s collection, but morphological and craniometric studies conducted to a greater extent reveal the scientifi c aspects of craniology. The data of craniological measurements of Siberian cattle craniums collected more than 100 years ago clearly reveal the issues of the origin and formation of the breed. Siberian cattle had a number of valuable qualities that must be carefully considered, improved during purebred breeding and preserved during crossbreeding. It was the dairy cattle with highest fat content in milk among domestic cattle breeds in the beginning of twentieth century. The formation of local Siberian cattle was infl uenced by environmental conditions, as well as livestock breeds brought by Russian settlers. Based on the linear values of measurements of individual parts of the cranium and the study of the morphological features of the animal, Siberian cattle were assigned to one craniological type, and according to the measurements of the head it was divided into three groups. The craniums of cows and oxen within the same Siberian group of cattle diff ered slightly from each other in size. The main reasons for the diff erences in the cranium of Siberian cattle were the physical and geographical location of the habitat areas, natural and climatic conditions, as well as the cattle crossbreeding.
Improvement of forest reclamation of arable land
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I, Nedikova E.V. , Nedikova E.V. ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I, Krasnyanskaya E.V. ,   State University of Land Management, Moscow,
Published: October 2022

One of the main elements of the organizational and territorial basis for preventing soil erosion and conducting adaptive agriculture is the forest reclamation activities used on arable land. The system of forest strips lays a reliable foundation for improving farming regimes, preserving and reproducing soil fertility. The modern paradigm of agricultural nature management requires improvement and development of new approaches in designing forest strips in areas of intensive erosion processes.
Rational land use within the boundaries of a municipality
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, Tsoraeva E. N.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the issue of rational land use within the boundaries of a municipality. The research topic is very relevant, since there is a deterioration in the qualitative characteristics of land resources, and the manifestation of negative processes in soil, so we have to use competent approaches to rational land use. Despite the state policy in the field of rational use of agricultural land, degradation and negative processes on these lands are very frequent. The high growth of cities and industry reduces the area of agricultural land, and negatively affects the economic and social sectors provoking the social tensions. In order to preserve the qualitative and quantitative state of agricultural land and high fertility, it is necessary to optimize agricultural production by improving legislation in the field of rational use and protection. The organization of the rational use of land resources in accordance with the current legislation is the most important task, which largely influencing the welfare of the state.
The features of mathematical modeling of cadastral land evaluation in settlements
Authors:   FITC KNC SB RAS named after V. N. Sukachev, Varaksin G. S. , Romanov R. V. ,   Institute of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk GAU", Krasnoyarsk
Published: October 2022

This article describes current problems in the cadastral valuation of land in settlements and provides suggestions for improving the methodology of cadastral valuation through mathematical modeling. In addition to high-rise buildings, the modern large cities also contain private sector (individual residential buildings), and it is proposed to conduct a cadastral valuation of such lands taking into account the indicator of the prestige of the territories. Considering the experience of foreign countries, the authors made the analysis of mathematical modeling for the cadastral valuation of individual residential buildings. The valuation criteria for such lands are explained in the paper by example of Krasnoyarsk. The concept of "prestige of the territory" and the dependence of real estate prices from territory prestige have been established in this work as well.
Ecological and landscape state and prospects of rational land use (by example of geocomplexes on the northeastern slope of the Greater Caucasus, the Republic of Azerbaijan)
Authors:   Institute of Geography named after. Academician G. A. Aliyev of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Guliev M. R.
Published: October 2022

The relationship between humans and nature is an eternal problem. The growing impact of human economic activity on the environment forces us to reconsider the prevailing idea of the criteria for the effectiveness of a particular organization of agricultural production. The author suggests that, along with economic indicators, the environmental factor should come first here. In order to study the ecological and landscape state of the researched area, the author made calculations of the ecological indicators of the area and gave some recommendations to achieve sustainable land use.
Planning for sustainable rural development through streaming methodology
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Kovalyova E. V. , Stepanova V. I. ,   Institute of Biological Instrumentation with Experimental Production of the Russian Academy of Sciences - a separate unit of the FSBI "FITZ "Pushchinsky Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences" (UPS RAS)", Moscow region, Pushchino
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to analyze the rural settlement using streaming maps revealing the features of economic use of the natural-territorial complex. The testing of the streaming methodology is presented on the example of geoecological analysis of Maslovopristansky rural settlement of Belgorod region, which allows to determine the direction and accumulation of surface and groundwater with a high degree of reliability. Streaming maps clearly show information about the connection of the terrain of a rural settlement and its infrastructure (roads, bridges, buildings, underground communications) with elements of nature (groundwater and groundwater, rocks, soils). The method of relief plastics made it possible to assess the geoecological state of the studied territory, which made it possible to identify the streaming structures and systems most favorable for the placement of construction objects.
PENGARUH EDUKASI KESEHATAN GIGI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN ANAK DI SDN 12 KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Reca Reca , Restuning Sekar
Published: October 2022

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan hal yang penting dalam kehidupan setiap individu termasuk pada anak, karena gigi dan gusi yang rusak dan tidak dirawat akan menyebabkan rasa sakit, gangguan pengunyahan dan dapat mengganggu kesehatan tubuh lainnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan gigi terhadap pengetahuan anak SDN 12 Kota Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental. Subjek penelitian yaitu seluruh murid kelasV SDN 12 Kota Banda Aceh berjumlah 30 murid. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total populasi. Instrumen penelitian  menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data pada penelitian ini yaitu data kuantitatif menggunakan uji statistik parametrik Paired Sample T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh sebelum dan sesudah edukasi kesehatan gigi terhadap pengetahuan murid dengan nilai signifikan P= <0,001* (α ≤ 0,05). Perbedaan tersebut terlihat dari pengetahuan responden sebelum diberikan edukasi kesehatan gigi dengan metode demontrasi yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik yaitu sebanyak 24 murid (80%) dan sesudah diberikan edukasi Kesehatan gigi terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan yaitu baik sebanyak 86,7% (26 murid). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh sebelum dan sesudah edukasi kesehatan gigi terhadap pengetahuan murid.
Assessment of genetic variability in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes
Authors: Mari Muhammad Junaid , Baloch Abdul Wahid , Mari Shah Nawaz , Bhutto Liaquat Ali , Gandahi Naila , Mari Amanullah
Published: October 2022

The selection of high-yielding cotton lines is critical for the evaluation of phenotypic characteristics. For Cotton Breeders, it is always in preference to select desirable genotypes, based on the diversified characters from the available germplasm. The selected phenotypic diversity can be useful for aiding information in parental selection, adherence to this, a set of 12 advanced cotton lines were evaluated for genetic diversity at Cotton Research Institute, Tandojam during Kharif season in the year of 2020. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications while seven agronomical traits, were included in the experiment. The mean square of genotypes, was differed significantly (P<0.05) for all studied traits, representing that genetic diversity exists in these cotton germplasms and can be used in further utilization. Considering the agronomic performance, the genotype of B-2 was on the top in average values including plant height (174.40 cm), bolls plant-1 (42.067), seed cotton yield plant-1(139.34 g), GOT% (37.800%), and staple length (28.00 mm), hence indicating its valuable breeding resources for future cotton breeding. A Genetic Distance of 92.683 was found between B5 and B2 genotypes, which is high enough, and revealing that this pair may be used in a hybridization program for vigorous hybrid production and better selection in subsequent generations. The Variance Percentages for the first, second, and third principal components were 42.70, 23.10, and 17.20, respectively. The first three components contributed 83.00 percent of the variation for genotypes, which is high enough for the cotton crop improvements. The cotton genotypes, were divided into three categories, based on phenotypic data. The number of groups obtained, might be beneficial in generating cotton genotypes with a variety of characteristics and diversifying the Cotton Gene Pool.

Keywords: cotton, genetic variations, morphological traits, seed yield.
Utilization of RSM for optimization of physical variables to improve bacteriocin production from Lactobacillus plantarum strain MS
Authors: Salman Mahwish , Tariq Anam , Shahid Muhammad , Rana Amna , Naseer Mehwish
Published: October 2022

The utilization of natural antimicrobial substances has been increased in the pharmaceutical sector due to their stability and inhibition activity against pathogenic microorganisms. In the current study, the bacteriocin synthesis by locally isolated Lactobacillus plantarum MS from yogurt, has been optimized by using response surface methodology. Statistical optimization of physical variables by using Box-Behnken design, 3200 AU/mL bacteriocin activity was detected at 30 C temperature, 18h incubation time, and pH 6 against Staphylococcus aureus. The resulting bacteriocin was found to be stable a broad range of pH (2-12) and temperature (37-100 C) but the activity of bacteriocin was slightly disturbed at 121 C. Besides, bacteriocin showed stability after treatment with various enzymes (catalase, amylase, and lipase), salt (NaCl), and surfactants (triton X-100, EDTA, and SDS) but found sensitive by treating with proteolytic enzymes (proteinase K and trypsin) in comparison with untreated bacteriocin. Because of such biochemical characteristics, these antibacterial peptides could be possibly incorporated in the field of pharmacy to fulfil consumers' demand for natural remedies.

Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria, bacteriocin, antibacterial activity, response surface methodology, Box-Behnken design.
In Vitro Supplementation of Glycine Improves Quality of Cryopreserved Bull Semen
Authors: Bibi Shaista , Ejaz Rabea , Qadeer Saima , Ansari Muhammad Sajjad , Rakha Bushra Allah , Ullah Sana , Ashraf Asma , Akhter Shamim
Published: October 2022

Process of cryopreservation induces cell damages due to thermal and osmotic shocks. Addition of amino acids as cryoprotective agents in extender can reduce these damages. Therefore, present study was designed to evaluate the effect of glycine supplementation in extender on freezability of cryopreserved bull semen. For this purpose, three adult Sahiwal bulls were selected for semen collection by artificial vagina having 42 C (three weeks) (replicates; n=18). Collected semen was quickly shifted to laboratory for initial evaluation. Qualified semen ejaculates (>60% motility, >1mL volume, >0.5billion/mL conc.) were diluted in tris extender having 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20mM of glycine. Semen was cooled to 4 C in 2 hours and kept for 4 hours for equilibration. Semen was filled in French straws at 4 C and kept in liquid nitrogen container. Highest percentages of post thaw sperm progressive motility and acrosome integrity were observed in extender containing 5mM of glycine compared to other treatments and control (P<0.05). However, sperm viability, chromatin integrity and plasma membrane integrity remained same. In conclusion, glycine addition at 5mM in extender improves quality of cryopreserved bull semen.

Keywords: Glycine, amino acid, cryopreservation, bull semen.
Anthesis and Booting: Two Critical Stages Vulnerable to Water Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) With Respect to Yield Production
Authors: Ali Shiraz , Zeeshan Muhammad , Nbi Ghulam , Hussain Manzoor , Saadia  , Khan Muhammad Imran , Arshad Waheed , Nawaz Ali , Batool Amina , Owais Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Six spring bread wheat varieties (AAS-11, BARS-09, Dharabi-11, Faisalabad-08, Chakwal-50 and Fatehjang-2016) and 4 elite lines of wheat (10FJ01, 12FJ26, 12FJ01 and 11FJS309) were analyzed with respect to water stress by providing them two types of treatments i.e., control (no stress) and strained treatment (20 days of stoppage of irrigation at booting and further 20 days of drought after anthesis) at Barani Agricultural Research Station, Fatehjang during 2017-18. Results of this study exhibited highly significant variations prevailed in all the wheat genotypes by viewing their mean performance with respect of all physiological and yield traits. AAS-11, Fatehjang-2016 and Dharabi-11 exhibited their best performance and pointed out elevated mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), relative water content (RWC) and geometric mean productivity (GMP). Moreover, stress susceptibility index (SSI) and tolerance (TOL) was anticipated at lowest among the above-mentioned wheat varieties and lines. Based multivariate analysis (biplot) and dendrogram studies; AAS-11, Fatehjang-2016 and Dharabi-11 are most suitable wheat cultivars for drought tolerance at booting and anthesis stage. MP, STI, RWC, GMP, SSI and TOL are renowned to be favourable gauges for identification of drought tolerance wheat ideotype. Likewise, same wheat varieties also exhibited higher grain yield per plant that put them in higher ranked genotypes for making selections and recombination while improving wheat through breeding for drought resistant.
In vitro bioassays of some plant extracts against Banana anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum musae
Authors: Kumbher Naveed Ul Zaman , Jiskani Absar Mithal , Hajano Jamal-U-Ddin , Jiskani Muhammad Mithal , Wagan Khadim Hussain , Poussio Gul Bahar
Published: October 2022

Anthracnose of banana caused by Colletotrichum musae is an invasive disease, which is difficult to control in the export process. Plant extracts used to control plant diseases are gradually becoming substitutes for traditional fungicides because they are safe for the human body and environmentally friendly. The study was conducted to record the prevalence of banana anthracnose in two locations and to determine the best medium for the growth of C. musae and botanical extracts for managing the fungus under in-vitro conditions. Six media viz., Ripen banana peels media (RBPM), Unripen banana peels media (URBPM), Ripen banana flash fruit media (RBFFM), Unripen banana flash fruit media (URBFFM), Banana leaf media (BLM) and Potato dextrose agar media (PDA), four botanical extracts including Garlic (GC), Mint (MT), Eucalyptus (EC) and Neem seed (NS) at 2, 4 and 6% concentrations were tested against the fungus and the control (CL) remain untreated. Potato dextrose agar media (PDA) was used as a standard semi-synthetic growth media. The prevailing frequency of the disease was high in the investigation area. The maximum linear mycelial growth of the C. musae was recorded on PDA (85 mm) followed by URBFFM (40 mm), RBFFM (26 mm) whereas the lowest mycelial growth was recorded on BLM (20 mm) and URBPM (8 mm). In-vitro experiments showed that PDA was the best medium for the mycelial growth of C. musae. Moreover, tested botanical extracts showed high variation in reducing the colony growth of the fungus. EC was found most effective in reducing the colony growth of the fungus followed by NS, GC and MT. These results suggest that all the botanical extracts may be potentially useful for controlling anthracnose of bananas, EC extract can be effectively used for the field experiment.

Keywords: Botanical extracts, Efficacy, Growth media, Incidence, Prevalence
Applications and Limitations of 3D Bioprinters in Tissue Culturing: A Review
Authors: Chaudhry Afeefa , Naheed Aleesha , Latif Zaima , Nadeem Sehar , Mehmood Natasha , Arzoo Mishal
Published: October 2022

3D bioprinting is an advanced technology that uses different biomaterial like hydrogels and bio-inks to develop artificial tissue cells and organs. There are three types of bioprinting techniques: Jetting-based bioprinting, extrusion based bioprinting, and integrated bioprinting. Biomaterials used in 3D bioprinter should have some ideal characteristics such as they should be biocompatible, printable, and provide mechanical and structural properties. There are different types of bio-inks, hydrogels, and growth factors used to overcome the crisis of organ shortage. Bioprinting technology is essential for the development of eleven organ systems as there is a need for organ replacement and tissue regeneration. It is possible to make complex tissue culture structures by using 3D bioprinting. The mixture of biomaterial and living cells used for bioprinting is called bio-inks. Hydrogels are one of the ideal components of biomaterials as it has similar characteristics as natural extracellular matrix and provides a hydrated environment for cells to divide. Generation and transportation of many tissues, including skin, heart tissues, cartilaginous constructs, and tracheal tissues is done by 3D bioprinting. It is used for research purposes, drug testing, and drug discovery. But our focus is to highlight the applications of 3D bioprinters in tissue engineering and the development of organ systems. Skin tissues have also been engineered to overcome complex skin treatment procedures and to save time and cost.

Keywords: 3D bioprinting; Bio-inks; Biomaterials; Hydrogels; Tissue Culturing
In silico Analysis of PRODH Mutations and their biological significance in disease etiology
Authors: Muzammal Muhammad , Khan Muzammil Ahmad , Fatima Sana , Bibi Abida , Anum Shahzadi Raheela , Abbasi Sumra Wajid , Abbasi Ansar Ahmad , Ahmed Iftikhar , Abbas Syed Shakil
Published: October 2022

In the present study, we performed in silico analysis on all reported mutations of PRODH in order to investigate their biological significance. 3D models of wildtype and mutant PRODH were predicted using I-TASSER. Protein-protein docking was done with Cluspro, while protein-substrate docking was done with Auto Dock tools. Alignment of 3D models (various mutant with wildtype) revealed that Arg185Gln (73.83%) and Gln19Term (6.25%) had the highest and lowest similarity indices, respectively. Enzyme pocket prediction identified the second largest active site pocket containing substrate proline binding residues Leu527, Tyr548, and Arg563. Moreover, docking of mutant and wildtype PRODH with its close interactor ALDH4A1 showed differences with respect to position and nature of interacting amino acids residues. We observed that the nature of amino acid substitution and the number of bonds affect the binding of proline molecule with enzyme, and therefore, affect its biological activity.

Keywords: PRODH, proline dehydrogenase enzyme, in silico analysis, modeling and docking, biological significance
Physician Leader as a Change or Burnout Agent in Physician Group Practices: Leadership Approach from a Mindfulness, Selflessness, and Compassion (MSC) Outlook
Authors: Hilaire Clarence St.
Published: October 2022

Physicians as leaders of change and burnout agents face constant challenges of leadership within their group practices. The importance of skills, knowledge, and competencies necessitates that the rapidly changing and volatile healthcare environment needs to be reassessed. Seeing physicians as burnout individuals in hospital systems, having limited effectiveness, only seems to evade the need to wield effective leadership in private practice. This paper aims to offer a lens to approach leadership changes and physician burnout from a mindfulness, selflessness, and compassionate (MSC) framework. An MSC culture relying on foundational human drivers is important to adopt. The most current literature on physicians as leaders of change and burnout agents is not exhaustive but offers steps to reduce factors that hinder well-being. Measuring them with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the most used tool in scientific literature only offers a glimpse of the solution. It is paramount to examine the daily life exposure to the stress of practicing physicians to understand other dimensional drivers behind the phenomenon.
The Determinants of the Attractiveness of an Industry: An Extension of The Porter’s Five-Forces Framework
Authors: OBU Osiebuni Collins
Published: October 2022

In this paper, I review and provide a more extensive theoretical grounding for Porter’s five-forces model for the determination of the attractiveness of an industry. I argue that the model is incomplete given its implicit assumptions about a firm’s financing activities in implementing its competitive strategy. I would suggest that an absolute paradigm for the determination of the attractiveness of an industry must take into consideration the industry’s optimal capital structure as well as the tendency for the power of providers of debt capital to vary across industries and to be crucial in the formation of industry profitability. Therefore, I propose an extended model for the determination of the potential profit of an industry, incorporating the industry’s optimal capital structure and the power of lenders. The pivotal connotation of this extended model is that the efforts of firm managers in formulating effective competitive strategies or in establishing a strategic position must not only consider ways of dealing with the bargaining power of buyers, the threat of entry, the negotiating power of suppliers, industry rivalry, and the threat of substitutes but must also account for the profit-contributory roles of both the optimal structure of the capital with which those strategies must be implemented and the power of lenders in setting constraints on the utilization of the firm’s capital, culminating in the proposition of a seven-structure paradigm for the determination of the attractiveness of an industry.
SEISMIC WAVES VELOCITIES AS AN INDICATOR FOR ASSESSING EXCAVATABILITY OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Authors: Jug Jasmin , Strelec Stjepan , Kranjčić Nikola , Golub Ivan
Published: October 2022

The selection of excavation technology is one of the very important and demanding tasks when planning excavation in solid rocks, whether on a surface mine or construction pit. The variety of rock mass characteristics greatly influences the application efficiency of a particular excavation technique and technology. The discontinuous rock mass is easier to excavate compared to solid rock mass. Discontinuity is a well-known characteristic of rock masses, especially sedimentary ones, and this feature is very successfully investigated using non-invasive, fast and relatively inexpensive seismic geophysical methods. The results of seismic investigations are the velocities of compression or primary P-waves and shear or secondary S-waves. Some of the methods from the literature use the mentioned seismic wave velocities as the primary indicator for assessing the possibility of rock excavation. This paper presents the application of several such methods on the example of rock mass categorization for excavation in the ferry port Žigljen on the island of Pag. During field measurements, geophysical methods of shallow refractive seismic (SRS) and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) were used. Based on the measured seismic wave velocities, the rock mass at the investigation site was categorized as a non-mechanically excavated material according to all classification methods employed. Therefore, blasting with the use of blast holes and explosives is recommended for excavation.