bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ knowledge dynamics and innovation in education – Part I.
Authors: Révai Nóra
Published: December 2017

Teachers’ knowledge is dynamic; it is constantly shaped by new information, collaboration with colleagues, engagement with teaching tools and textbooks, teaching practice in the classroom, and so on. The paper investigates how knowledge dynamics can be described, building on work conducted in the Innovative Teaching for Effective Learning (ITEL) project of the OECD. A review of literature is conducted through three analytical foci – the individual, social and socio-material – in order to explore processes underlying the dynamics of knowledge functions, structures and the emergence of knowledge. This first part of the paper looks at the individual and social perspectives. Data from the ITEL pilot study is used to illustrate some of these mechanisms. The second part will look at the socio-material perspective and, integrate the three analytical angles into a complexity view of knowledge dynamics and innovation, ultimately highlighting the different ways in which innovation in education is linked to the dynamics of professional knowledge.
Organic-walled microphytoplankton assemblage of the Middle Devonian (Givetian) Arkona, Hungry Hollow and Widder formations, Ontario, Canada: biostratigraphic and palaeogeographic significance
Authors: Wicander R. , Playford G.
Published: December 2017

A diverse and abundant organic-walled microphytoplankton assemblage, consisting of 49 species of acritarchs, prasinophyte phycomata and chitinozoans, was recovered from a 13.3 m-section of the Middle Devonian (Givetian) Arkona, Hungry Hollow and Widder formations at Hungry Hollow, Ontario, Canada. Close similarity exists between this assemblage and others described previously from the Givetian of North America. Marine palynofloras of comparable age from elsewhere in North America share between 59–96% of the species identified in the present assemblage, thus testifying to its stratigraphic-correlative applicability in a regional context. Species widely occurring in North America and typically Givetian (although not restricted therein) include: Arkonites bilixus, Cymatiosphaera canadense, Diexallophasis simplex, Duvernaysphaera angelae, D. tenuicingulata, Estiastra rhytidoa, Exochoderma arca,  Gorgonisphaeridium inflatum, Hapsidopalla chela, Leiofusa pyrena, Muraticavea munifica, Oppilatala sparsa, Palacanthus ledanoisii, Polyedryxium ambitum, Staplinium cuboides, Tyligmasoma alargada, Uncinisphaera acantha, Veryhachium pastoris, Villosacapsula compta and V. rosendae. Palaeogeographically, Middle Devonian organic-walled microphytoplankton taxa display a conspicuous degree of cosmopolitanism, with many species shared with Laurasia (Laurentia, Avalonia, Baltica), Gondwana (principally Argentina, Ghana, Libya, Algerian Sahara, Western Australia) and Kazakhstan (northwestern China).
Frasnian carbonate shoals and sequence stratigraphy of the Upper Devonian series from the southern Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain
Authors: Van Loevezijn G. B. S. , Raven J. G. M.
Published: December 2017

The sequence stratigraphical framework of the Frasnian Nocedo Formation consists of two third-order sequences organised in the Gordón Member and the Millar Member in which three limestone intervals occur: the Molino Limestone at the top of the Gordón Member, the Varga Limestone at the base of the Millar Member (herein proposed as new unit to differentiate it from the Molino Limestone), and the Crémenes Limestone at the top of the Millar Member. The Molino Limestone has been studied in eighteen sections along a 70 km east-west transect in the southern part of the Cantabrian Mountains. The limestone represents a skeletal carbonate shoal belt in a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate environment, located between the land area of the Asturian geanticline and the deeper distal, predominantly siliciclastic shelf. The Molino Limestone consists of three facies types representing a back shoal, shoal, and foreshoal. The Molino Limestone was deposited during the late Highstand Systems Tract of the lower sequence. In the proposed depositional model carbonate deposition was governed by currents controlled by relative sea-level. Effective lateral transport of siliciclastics on the shelf occurred during times when the water depth was sufficient for a current system to be established. As the water depth decreased siliciclastic sedimentation reduced and carbonates increasingly took over.
Patient Variables Associated with the Assignment of a Formal Dementia Diagnosis to Positively Screened Primary Care Patients
Authors: Eichler Tilly , Thyrian Jochen Rene , Hertel Johannes , Richter Steffen , Michalowsky Bernhard , Wucherer Diana , Dreier Adina , Kilimann Ingo , Teipel Stefan , Hoffmann Wolfgang
Published: December 2017

Background:

Main objective was to analyze the associations of patient variables (depression,
quality of life, anti-dementia drug treatment, knowledge about dementia) with the assignment of a formal
diagnosis of dementia to community-dwelling primary care patients who have screened positive for
dementia.

Methods:

DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
is a general practitioner based randomized controlled intervention trial. Present analyses are based on
cross-sectional data of 319 positively screened patients (age 70+, living at home) who had not been formally
diagnosed with dementia before the screening. The medical diagnoses (ICD-10) were retrieved
from the patient's medical records. Depression (Geriatric Depression Scale; GDS), quality of life in
Alzheimer's disease (Qol-AD), knowledge about dementia, and anti-dementia drug treatment were assessed
after the screening test at the baseline examination.

Results:

At the baseline examination, 171 out of 319 patients (54%) had been formally diagnosed with
dementia after they have screened positive. Univariate comparisons showed no statistically significant
differences between diagnosed and undiagnosed patients regarding depression (GDS≥6: 11% vs. 15%;
p=0.396), quality of life (mean (SD): 2.8 (0.3) vs. 2.8 (0.4); p=0.833), and the knowledge about dementia
(75% vs. 75%; p>0.999). Patients who had received a formal diagnosis were more often treated with
anti-dementia drugs (20% vs. 11%; p=0.040). Multivariate analyses controlled for confounding variables
confirmed these findings.

Conclusion:

Present findings do not support concerns that the assignment of a formal dementia diagnosis
after screening is associated with potential harms. If confirmed in a prospective study, our data
would suggest that patients may benefit from being formally diagnosed regarding anti-dementia drug
treatment.
Acceptability and Results of Dementia Screening Among Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Harrawood Amanda , Fowler Nicole R. , Perkins Anthony J. , LaMantia Michael A. , Boustani Malaz A.
Published: December 2017

Objectives:

To measure older adults acceptability of dementia screening and assess screening
test results of a racially diverse sample of older primary care patients in the United States.

Design:

Cross-sectional study of primary care patients aged 65 and older.

Setting:

Urban and suburban primary care clinics in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2008 to 2009.

Participants:

Nine hundred fifty-four primary care patients without a documented diagnosis of dementia.

Measurements:

Community Screening Instrument for Dementia, the Mini-Mental State Examination,
and the Telephone Instrument for Cognitive Screening.

Results:

Of the 954 study participants who consented to participate, 748 agreed to be screened for dementia
and 206 refused screening. The overall response rate was 78.4%. The positive screen rate of the
sample who agreed to screening was 10.2%. After adjusting for demographic differences the following
characteristics were still associated with increased likelihood of screening positive for dementia: age,
male sex, and lower education. Patients who believed that they had more memory problems than other
people of their age were also more likely to screen positive for dementia.

Conclusion:

Age and perceived problems with memory are associated with screening positive for dementia
in primary care.
The Clinical Significance of Incidental Parotid Uptake in a PET/CT Study: A Diagnostic Algorithm
Authors: Üstün Funda , Taştekin Ebru , Taş Abdullah , Altun Gülay Durmuş
Published: December 2017

Background:

Patients diagnosed with cancer do not have sufficient clinical data for the
management of incidental parotid lesions. We aimed to reveal the importance of randomized parotid
lesions encountered during oncologic F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
(FDG PET/CT) imaging in our clinical practice and the diagnostic algorithm of such lesions.

Methods:

We performed a database search of PET/CT records generated from 2009 to 2015 for
“parotid” in reports of patients who underwent PET/CT examination for a known malignancy
elsewhere, or cancer screening.

Results:

Incidental parotid FDG uptake on PET/CT had a prevalence of 1.1%. The incidence of parotid
metastasis in our series was 36.4%, and 75% of them had malign melanoma metastasis. Of
the 11 cases, 5 were of Warthin tumours, and Warthin tumours showed stronger GLUT1 expression
than metastatic parotid lesions.

Conclusion:

In patients with malignancy elsewhere, focal involvement of FDG by the parotid
gland, especially if malignant melanoma or SCC is absent, should not be considered a metastatic
disease without histopathologic confirmation. If parotid disease would change the patient’s treatment
plan and disease stage, the parotid lesion should be evaluated by additional methods, such as
fine needle aspiration biopsy.
Literature Evidence and ARRIVE Assessment on Neuroprotective Effects of Flavonols in Neurodegenerative Diseases' Models
Authors: Bombardi Duarte Ana Carolina , Santana Maycon Giovani , di Camilo Orfali Guilherme , de Oliveira Carlos Tadeu Parisi , Priolli Denise Goncalves
Published: December 2017

Background and Objective: This paper was based on a literature search of PubMed and
Scielo databases using the keywords “Flavonoids, Neuroprotection, Quercetin, Rutin, Isoquercitrin,
Alzheimer, Parkinson, Huntington” and combinations of all the words.

Method:

We collected relevant publications, during the period of 2000 to 2016, emphasizing in vivo
and in vitro studies with neurological assessment of flavonol's potentials, as well as classifying studies
according to evidence levels, in order to elucidate evidence-based literature and its application on
clinical research. In addition, we highlight the importance of flavonols in modern research fields, indicating
their neuroprotective potential and use thereof as preventive and therapeutic treatment of numerous
neurodegenerative disease. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease and Huntington's disease, represent worldwide a major health problem with great financial
impact. They are multifactorial diseases, hallmarked by similar pathogenesis that covers conditions
such as oxidative stress, formation of free radicals, abnormal protein dynamics (degradation and
aggregation), mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and cellular death or senescence. Flavonols
are polyphenolic compounds, widely distributed in the plant kingdom and found in high concentrations
in vegetables, fruits and teas. Their neuroprotective effects are mainly related to their antioxidant,
anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties.

Conclusion:

It was this paper's intention to contribute with an evidence analysis of recent studies approaching
neuroprotective effects of flavonols and the potential to conduct human clinical studies.
Comics and Authorship: An Introduction
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen
Published: December 2017

If media authorship can be understood "as a site of cultural tension" (Johnson and Gray 2013, 10), then a deeper understanding of comics authorship will also provide clues regarding the sustaining—and constraining— of creative practices in other media ecologies and intermedial interactions (such as, for instance, adaptations). For comics, this implies combining insights from comics scholars, practitioners as well as agents involved in the publication and dissemination of comics. This issue, building on the findings of extant scholarship on authorship in comics and other media, hopes to provide incentive for further adventures into the (almost) unknown of comics authorship.
A Tailored Advice Tool to Prevent Injuries Among Novice Runners: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Kemler Ellen , Gouttebarge Vincent
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

Besides the beneficial health effects of being active, running is associated with a risk of sustaining injuries. Runners need to change their behavior to increase the use of effective measures and subsequently reduce the number of running-related injuries.

OBJECTIVE

The RunFitCheck intervention was developed according to an evidence- and practice-based approach to stimulate injury-preventive behavior among novice runners. This paper describes the study design in detail.

METHODS

A randomized controlled trial with a follow-up period of 5 months will be conducted. The participants will be novice runners. At enrollment, participants will be asked to report injury-preventive measures they usually take during their running activities. After completing the enrollment questionnaire, participants will be randomized to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will have access to the RunFitCheck intervention; the control group will perform their running activities as usual. Participants will be asked to report retrospectively in detail what they have done regarding injury prevention during their running activities at 1, 3, and 5 months after enrollment. Descriptive analyses will be conducted for different baseline variables in the intervention and control group. Relative risks and 95% CIs will be used to analyze behavioral changes according to the intention-to-treat principle.

RESULTS

The project was funded in 2016 and enrollment was completed in 2017. Data analysis is currently under way and the results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

To nullify the negative side effects of running, prevention of training errors is desirable. As the use of injury prevention measures is not compulsory in running, a behavioral change is necessary to increase the use of effective injury-preventive measures and to prevent running-related injuries.

CLINICALTRIAL

Netherlands Trial Register NTR6381; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=6381 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/736Xjm5jv)

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

RR1-10.2196/9708
Linguistic Impoliteness in The Sociopragmatic Perspective
Authors: Rahardi Kunjana
Published: December 2017

The discrepancy of the study of linguistic politeness and impoliteness phenonema has been pronounced in the pragmatic study. However, up to this day the study of linguistic impoliteness, particularly based on culture-specific backgrounds has not been done. This research discusses the pragmatic manifestations of linguistic impoliteness. Through this research, a detailed description of how the manifestations and intentions of the linguistic impoliteness markers would be obtained. The data was gathered by using listening and speaking methods in linguistics. The data gathered through the basic and advanced listening and speaking methods was analyzed by using the equivalence method, particularly the extra-lingual equivalence. The research results showed that the pragmatic impoliteness was classified into five categories, namely (1) face-aggravating, (2) face-loss, (3) face-playing, (4) face-threatening, (5) deliberate ignorance. Each category of the linguistic impoliteness was described in details in its impoliteness subcategories, each was determined by its pragmatic meanings and intentions.
Study protocol for the dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, warfarin comparative effectiveness research study
Authors: Krumme Alexis A , Pawar Ajinkya , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Glynn Robert J , Choudhry Niteesh K , Kulldorff Martin , Ortiz Adrian Santiago , Avorn Jerome , Gagne Joshua J
Published: December 2017

Since 2010, four oral anticoagulants have been approved for marketing in addition to warfarin for treatment of thromboembolic disease. Limited head-to-head data exist comparing these treatments, leaving patients and clinicians with little guidance for selecting a strategy that balances recurrence reduction with bleeding risk. In the dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxban, edoxaban and warfarin comparative effectiveness research study, we compare all five currently available oral anticoagulant agents for the extended treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, as well as no extended treatment, and evaluate whether results differ in specific sub-populations. As our population includes Medicare novel anticoagulant users and large numbers of commercially insured and Medicaid patients, our results will likely be transportable to the majority of US patients experiencing a DVT or pulmonary embolism. Clinical Trials registration: NCT03271450.
Uncertainty in milk production by smallholders in Tanzania and its implications for investment
Authors: Twine Edgar E. , Omore Amos , Githinji Julius
Published: December 2017

The study evaluates the impact of risk on enterprises of male, female and young farmers operating in the formal and informal smallholder dairy value chains in Tanzania. It also examines the effect of uncertainty on the decision to invest in milk production in the two value chains. Results indicate that youths in the informal dairy value chain face the greatest level of risk followed by men in the formal value chain, and then men in the informal value chain. Women in both value chains and youths in the formal value chain face relatively low risk. Overall, milk production in the informal value chain is found to be substantially riskier than production in the formal chain. Optimal investment triggers are found to be much larger than the conventional triggers and are sensitive to volatility of returns. The results’ managerial and policy implications for inclusive dairy industry development in Tanzania are highlighted.
Growth strategies for a commercial farm: the AgroPastoril Campanelli case study
Authors: Scare Roberto Fava , Gray Allan Wayne , Farinha Rodrigo Lourenço , Fullerton Erin Chelsea , Neves Marcos Fava
Published: December 2017

At 2017, Victor Campanelli remembered the history of his family’s business – the AgroPastoril Campanelli farm. His thoughts were back to the challenges that his father had faced, including the investments on an integrated production system that contributed to the family’s business growth. The production of cattle, sugarcane, and corn are all part of this integration system that has helped the Campanelli family to develop a successful business model. Currently, AgroPastoril Campanelli has three main production activities: beef, sugarcane, and corn. With these activities, a sustainable circle was created to guarantee more efficiency in economic, environmental and social terms. As Victor Campanelli says, ‘there is a perfect synergy between sugarcane, moisture, corn, and cattle. Not just because of the better land and labor use, but also because of the inputs economy and the productivity improvement, both in agriculture and livestock’. However, the present time requires a new investment cycle, leading the whole family to consider new market opportunities, especially regarding farmer’s new demands. What should we do and where should we invest? Should we improve efficiency or open new areas? Should we invest in new agriculture enterprises or start new business outside agricultural market? Those and other crucial questions were posed by Victor Campanelli thinking on potential growth strategies for AgroPastoril Campanelli.
AÇÕES PREVENTIVAS CONTRA O USO DE ÁLCOOL E DROGAS: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: T. Xavier Rosália Arêdes , O. Silva Lorena , Meira Maia Vanessa , Silva de Oliveira Boery Rita Narriman , Nagib Boery Eduardo
Published: December 2017

Este estudo se trata de um relato de experiência de alunos bolsistas de um projeto de extensão do Departamento de Saúde da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), que executa ações de prevenção contra o uso de álcool e drogas. O trabalho justifica-se pelo aumento do número de usuários de drogas, o que repercute negativamente no contexto social do município de Jequié, na Bahia. As ações são desenvolvidas por meio de palestras, reuniões, oficinas com grupos escolares e religiosos, feiras de saúde e grupos de comunidades, a fim de diminuir as estatísticas sobre os usuários de drogas nessa cidade. Essas atividades mostram a importância de prevenir o primeiro contato com substâncias tóxicas, no intuito de favorecer a qualidade de vida e a saúde mental da população, com métodos mais saudáveis. Com essas atividades de extensão, foi possível perceber a importância do esclarecimento sobre as consequências negativas do uso de álcool e substâncias ilícitas no organismo do indivíduo e no contexto intrafamiliar e social.
DESAFIOS DOS ALUNOS DECLASSES MENOS FAVORECIDAS PARA INGRESSAR E PERMANECER NA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Da Glória Soares Luzia
Published: December 2017

Vive-se um momento em que cresce mundialmente o conceito de responsabilidade social como ferramenta de gestão empresarial. Vários setores da economia abandonam a visão paternalista de ação social e integram em seus planejamentos estratégicos ações socialmente responsáveis, que unem empresa e comunidade na busca de soluções para seus problemas, sejam eles locais ou globais. Dentro desse panorama, percebe-se a necessidade dos jovens cursarem o ensino superior. O presente artigo busca demonstrar os desafios dos alunos de baixa renda e de escola pública para ingressar e permanecer na universidade, partindo da constatação das dificuldades e perspectivas desses estudantes de classe menos favorecidas que almejam um futuro promissor. Apresenta também, o desinquietar da vida universitária e as necessidades desses alunos em desenvolver no âmbito social a importância do conhecimento e da aprendizagem para facilitar sua tomada de decisão rumo a um curso superior. Levando em consideração o dinamismo das entidades com os discentes e as decisões políticas administrativas que tem a possibilidade de arcar com o Auxílio destinado apoiar a permanência dos estudantes de baixa renda na Universidade.
Corporate governance for trillion dollar opportunities
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn
Published: December 2017

Boards of Directors will have to play a key role in the technological survival and development of companies by asking corporate executives about their plans and strategies for these emerging technological changes and challenges. Key challenges and opportunities discussed in this paper, with corresponding corporate governance implications, included Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Industry 4.0, AI with the Internet of Things (IoT), Deep Learning, and Neural Networks. Survival should not be the goal, but it may be the necessary first step for today’s companies. Potential winners seizing these trillion dollar opportunities will be company executives and Boards of Directors who can incorporate these technological changes into specific new business models, strategies, and practices. While the awareness on boards regarding risks originating from disruptive innovation, cyber threats and privacy risks has been increasing, Boards of Directors must equally be able to challenge executives and identify opportunities and threats for their companies. This shift for companies is not only about digital technology but also cultural. How can people be managed when digital, virtual ways of working are increasing? What do robotics and Big Data analysis mean for managing people? One way to accelerate the digital learning process has been advocated: the use of digital apprentices for boards. For example, Board Apprentice, a non-profit organization, has already placed digital apprentices on boards for a year-long period (which helps to educate both apprentices and boards) in five different countries. Additional plans and strategies are needed in this age of digitalization and lifelong learning. For example, cybersecurity risks are magnified by all these new technology trends, such as Big Data, AI, Industry 4.0, and IoT. Accordingly, the main findings of this paper are analysing the challenges and opportunities for corporate executives, Boards of Directors, and related corporate governance concerning the driving force of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence with Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence with the Internet of Things, Deep Learning, and Neural Networks.
Board gender diversity and dividend policy: Case of Jordanian commercial banks
Authors: Al-Amarneh Asma’a , Yaseen Hadeel , Iskandrani Majd
Published: December 2017

This paper aims to investigate the impact of board gender diversity on dividend policy in the context of Jordanian commercial banks. Using a sample of 13 Jordanian commercial banks listed on Amman Stock Exchange during the period 2005-2014, we find strong and robust evidence indicating that diversified boards tend to pay higher cash dividends to shareholders since women can better address the needs of investors in impatient emerging markets. Moreover, this paper presents the negative moderating effect of both, the government existence in the boardroom and international financial crisis on the relationship between gender diversity and dividend policy indicators. Under such conditions, the diversified boards became more conservative and retained most of the profit and paid fewer dividends because of the risk-averse tendencies of women directors.
Leasing jako forma finansowania majątku przedsiębiorstw rolniczych
Authors: Ganc Marzena , Domańska Teresa
Published: December 2017

Dostęp do finansowania działalności gospodarczej jest jednym z podstawowych warunków funkcjonowania i rozwoju przedsiębiorstwa, także rolniczego. Stopień dostępności środków finansowych i warunki, na których rolnicy mogą z nich korzystać jest czynnikiem stymulującym wprowadzanie nowych rozwiązań technologicznych. Celem opracowania jest dokonanie oceny zakresu finansowania leasingiem inwestycji w przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie danych dotyczących klientów jednej z wiodących firm leasingowych w Polsce. Informacje pozyskano na bazie umów leasingowych zawieranych przez klientów w latach 2003–2010. Do badań zakwalifikowano klientów, którzy w badanym okresie zawarli co najmniej jedną umowę leasingu.
Social media jako narzędzie komunikacji przedsiębiorstwa z klientami
Authors: Werenowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2017

Nowe technologie – opierające się na informacjach, wykorzystujące informacje i tworzące te informacje – stanowią bardzo charakterystyczny element współczesnego, dynamicznie rozwijającego się rynku. Dokonujące się pod ich wpływem zmiany nie są właściwością jednej grupy produktów czy klientów. Mają charakter powszechny i wszechobecny. Celem artykułu było przedstawienie mediów społecznościowych jako nowoczesnego narzędzia wykorzystywanego w kreacji wizerunku przedsiębiorstwa. Poddano analizie wybrane media społecznościowe. Jednym z istotniejszych zagadnień było określenie powodów korzystania z SM oraz umieszczania za ich pomocą wypowiedzi dotyczących marek. W opracowaniu wykorzystano dostępne raporty oraz wyniki badań własnych.
Kluczowe cechy pracowników w rozwoju przedsiębiorstw handlowych
Authors: Cyrek Piotr
Published: December 2017

Głównym celem artykułu było określenie kluczowych cech pracowników istotnych dla funkcjonowania firm handlowych prowadzących sprzedaż detaliczną na obszarze województwa podkarpackiego. Realizacji tego celu podporządkowano kategoryzację firm handlowych, która miała umożliwić poszukiwanie takich cech pracowników, które pozwalały uzyskać korzystniejsze rezultaty ekonomiczne. Zweryfikowano, jakie cechy obecnych i potencjalnych pracowników odznaczają się szczególnym zainteresowaniem menedżerów podmiotów handlowych klasyfikowanych według tradycyjnych charakterystyk, takich jak miejsce funkcjonowania czy liczba osób pracujących oraz z uwzględnieniem opisu sytuacji rynkowej. Badanie przeprowadzono, wykorzystując autorski blankiet kwestionariusza. Wywiady bezpośrednie w 300 przedsiębiorstwach handlu detalicznego przeprowadzono w dwóch kwartałach na przełomie 2013 i 2014 roku. Analiza prowadzona jest z uwzględnieniem szeregu cech podmiotów, które przyjęto jako kryteria klasyfikacyjne. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają na uogólnienie, że menedżerowie za kluczowe kompetencje pracowników uważają przede wszystkim doświadczenie zawodowe, aktywność, własną inicjatywę oraz umiejętności organizacyjne. Rzadko uznawano za podstawę prowadzenia działalności handlowej kierunek i poziom wykształcenia oraz kursy specjalistyczne pracowników. Podmioty o najwyższych wskaźnikach rentowności przychodów brutto, poza doświadczeniem, relatywnie częściej kierowały się w budowaniu kadr aktywnością oraz elastycznością pracowników, upatrując w nich szansy na konkurencyjność i efektywność rynkową.
Powszechne przekonania dotyczące wybranych zachowań żywieniowych w opinii konsumentów 65+
Authors: Rybowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2017

Konsumenci podejmując decyzje zakupowe, często kierują się nie aktualną wiedzą, ale zakorzenionymi w ich świadomości przekonaniami, które tej wiedzy przeczą. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie wpływu funkcjonujących w społeczeństwie utartych przekonań na zachowania żywieniowe starszych osób. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 160 seniorów pochodzących z Trójmiasta. Wykazano, iż seniorzy zgadzają się z wieloma stereotypami, a ich zachowania żywieniowe często odpowiadają tymże przekonaniom.
Atrybuty żywności ekologicznej determinujące wybory konsumentów
Authors: Grzybowska-Brzezińska Mariola , Grzywińska-Rąpca Małgorzata
Published: December 2017

W artykule podjęto problematykę zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej. Wskazano rodzaje cech ekologicznych produktów żywnościowych, które są walorami tej kategorii żywności. Celem podjętych rozważań była prezentacja problematyki percepcji konsumentów w zakresie walorów żywności ekologicznej i wskazanie tych cech, które decydują o jej wyborze i konsumpcji. W badaniach uwzględniono oceny konsumentów odnoszące się do walorów żywności ekologicznej, a wśród nich uwzględniono kategorie atrybutów technologicznych i rynkowych. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki sondaży, które przeprowadzano w latach 2005, 2010 i 2013 wśród mieszkańców północno-wschodniej Polski. Głównymi atrybutami technologicznymi żywności ekologicznej wskazanymi przez badanych była wartość odżywcza oraz ceniony przez respondentów system produkcji tej żywności, zapewniający ograniczenia w użyciu chemii rolnej. Badani konsumenci w każdym z okresów badań cenili walory sensoryczne żywności ekologicznej i jako główną cechę wskazali naturalny smak. Rynkowe atrybuty żywności ekologicznej, jakie zidentyfikowano w badaniach, to walory zdrowotne, miejsce zakupu, logo producenta i cena. W atrybutach żywności ekologicznej eksponowane były również cechy społeczne tych produktów.
Sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw domowych emerytów na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce
Authors: Pizło Wojciech , Dobrzyńska Ewelina
Published: December 2017

Artykuł dotyczy ważnego społecznie problemu, jakim jest sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw domowych emerytów na obszarach wiejskich. Jako cel badań przyjęto diagnozę i ocenę sytuacji ekonomicznej emerytów w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem emerytów obszarów wiejskich powiatu płońskiego. pracy wykorzystano metodę dokumentacyjną, desk research oraz metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. W artykule przedstawiono istotę konsumpcji gospodarstw domowych wskazując, iż dochód rozporządzalny na 1 osobę w gospodarstwach domowych, ogółem systematycznie wzrastał. Dochód na 1 osobę uzyskiwany przez seniorów powiatu płońskiego jest znacznie mniejszy niż przeciętny dochód polskiego emeryta. Badaniem zostały objęte trzy celowo wybrane gospodarstwa domowe emerytów zamieszkujące tereny wiejskie zlokalizowane w trzech gminach powiatu płońskiego charakteryzujących się największą powierzchnią użytków rolnych ogółem (Raciąż, Baboszewo i Czerwińsk nad Wisłą). Należy stwierdzić, iż tylko dzięki wsparciu krewnych gospodarstwa domowe emerytów są w stanie zaspokoić podstawowe potrzeby. Emeryci z badanych gospodarstw domowych pogodzili się z zaistniałą sytuacją bytową i częstą bezradnością. Starają się w jakiś sposób docenić fakt posiadania statusu emeryta, chociażby z powodu zapewnienia stałego dochodu bez konieczności podjęcia pracy. Emeryci ze względu na stan zdrowia i kondycje fizyczną nie mogą podjąć dodatkowej pracy zawodowej i utrzymują się wyłącznie z uzyskiwanej emerytury, aby żyć, zmuszeni są do korzystania z pomocy finansowej i materialnej krewnych oraz do zaciągania pożyczek i kredytów. Stać ich jedynie na podstawowe wydatki związane z codzienną egzystencją tylko dzięki pomocy najbliższych.
Innowacyjne usługi żywieniowe na przykładzie targów śniadaniowych
Authors: Kudlińska-Chylak Anna
Published: December 2017

Celem publikacji jest analiza nowych trendów na rynku usług żywieniowych. Przykładem innowacyjności są targi śniadaniowe oraz śniadania ludzi biznesu w lokalach gastronomicznych. Targi śniadaniowe obejmują obszar związany z usługami żywieniowymi i zabawą. W szerszym znaczeniu można mówić o spożywaniu posiłków na świeżym powietrzu, pozyskiwaniu produktów od lokalnych producentów oraz zacieśnianiu więzi sąsiedzkich. Targi są miejscem, gdzie można obcować z muzyką, uczestniczyć w warsztatach oraz zabawach. Cieszą się one coraz większą popularnością w dużych miastach Polski, takich jak: Warszawa, Poznań, Sopot. Jako metodę badawczą wykorzystano case study oraz obserwację własną.
GATA6 Controls Insulin Biosynthesis and Secretion in Adult β-Cells
Authors: Villamayor Laura , Rodríguez-Seguel Elisa , Araujo Raquel , Carrasco Manuel , Bru-Tarí Eva , Mellado-Gil José Manuel , Gauthier Benoit R. , Martinelli Paola , Quesada Iván , Soria Bernat , Martín Franz , Cano David A. , Rojas Anabel
Published: December 2017

GATA4 and GATA6 play essential, but redundant, roles in pancreas formation in mice, and GATA6 mutations cause pancreatic agenesis in humans. GATA6 mutations have also recently been linked to adult-onset diabetes, with subclinical or no exocrine insufficiency, suggesting an important role for GATA6 in human β-cell physiology. To investigate the role of GATA6 in the adult endocrine pancreas, we generated mice in which Gata6 is specifically inactivated in the pancreas. These mice develop glucose intolerance. Islets deficient in GATA6 activity display decreased insulin content and impaired insulin secretion. Gata6-deficient β-cells exhibit ultrastructural abnormalities, including increased immature insulin granules, swollen mitochondria, and disorganized endoplasmic reticulum. We also demonstrate that Pdx1 expression in adult β-cells depends on GATA sites in transgenic reporter mice and that loss of GATA6 greatly affects β-cell–specific gene expression. These findings demonstrate the essential role of GATA6 in β-cell function.
Diabetes Is Associated With Reduced Stress Hyperlactatemia in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Greco Giampaolo , Kirkwood Katherine A. , Gelijns Annetine C. , Moskowitz Alan J. , Lam David W.
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

Hyperglycemia and hyperlactatemia are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critical illness. We evaluated the relationship among hyperlactatemia, glycemic control, and diabetes mellitus (DM) after cardiac surgery.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of 4,098 cardiac surgery patients treated between 2011 and 2015. Patients were stratified by DM and glucose-lowering medication history. Hyperglycemia (glucose >180 mg/dL), hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL), and the hyperglycemic index were assessed postoperatively (48 h). The relationship between lactate and glucose levels was modeled using generalized linear regression. Mortality was analyzed using an extended Cox regression model.

RESULTS

Hyperglycemia occurred in 26.0% of patients without DM (NODM), 46.5% with DM without prior drug treatment (DMNT), 62.8% on oral medication (DMOM), and 73.8% on insulin therapy (DMIT) (P < 0.0001). Hypoglycemia occurred in 6.3%, 9.1%, 8.8%, and 10.8% of NODM, DMNT, DMOM, and DMIT, respectively (P = 0.0012). The lactate levels of all patients were temporarily increased with surgery. This increase was greater in patients who also had hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia and was markedly attenuated in patients with DM. Peak lactate was 5.8 mmol/L (95% CI 5.6, 6.0) in NODM with hyperglycemia vs. 3.3 (95% CI 3.2, 3.4) without hyperglycemia; in DMNT: 4.8 (95% CI 4.4, 5.2) vs. 3.4 (95% CI 3.1, 3.6); in DMOM: 3.8 (95% CI 3.5, 4.1) vs. 2.9 (95% CI 2.7, 3.1); and in DMIT: 3.3 (95% CI 3.0, 3.5) vs. 2.7 (95% CI 2.3, 3.0). Increasing lactate levels were associated with increasing mortality; increasing glucose reduced this effect in DM but not in NODM (P = 0.0069 for three-way interaction).

CONCLUSIONS

Stress hyperlactatemia is markedly attenuated in patients with DM. There is a three-way interaction among DM, stress hyperlactatemia, and stress hyperglycemia associated with mortality after cardiac surgery.
Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Helve Jaakko , Sund Reijo , Arffman Martti , Harjutsalo Valma , Groop Per-Henrik , Grönhagen-Riska Carola , Finne Patrik
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

To investigate how risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among patients with type 1 diabetes has changed over time and further how the risk is affected by age, sex, and time period of diagnosis of diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A cohort including all patients <30 years old diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in Finland in 1965–2011 was followed until start of renal replacement therapy, death, or end of follow-up at the end of 2013. Altogether, 29,906 patients were included. The main outcome was cumulative risk of ESRD, accounting for death as a competing risk.

RESULTS

The patients were followed up for a median of 20 years. During 616,403 patient-years, 1,543 ESRD cases and 4,185 deaths were recorded. The cumulative risk of ESRD was 2.2% after 20 years and 7.0% after 30 years from the diabetes diagnosis. The relative risk of ESRD was 0.13 (95% CI 0.08–0.22) among patients diagnosed in 1995–2011 compared with those diagnosed in 1965–1979. Patients <5 years old at the time of diagnosis had the lowest risk of ESRD after diagnosis. With the cumulative risk of ESRD estimated from time of birth, the patients aged 5–9 years at diabetes diagnosis were at highest risk.

CONCLUSIONS

The cumulative risk of ESRD has decreased markedly during the past five decades. This highlights the importance of modern treatment of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
Breve estudo sobre estruturas de queima (fogões, fornalhas e fornos) em sítios do projeto de salvamento histórico-arqueológico na área atingida pela represa da Usina da Serra da Mesa - Goiás.
Authors: Cardoso Juliana S. , Zaroni Lígia M. , Veloso Tânia P. G. , Guimarães Carlos Magno
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho apresenta informações preliminares sobre as técnicas construtivas, formas e distribuição espacial das estruturas de queima (fornos, fornalhas e fogões) identifìcadas nos sítios arqueológicos trabalhados no Projeto de Salvamento Histórico - Arqueológico na área a ser atingida pela UHE - Serra da Mesa -Goiás.
Pinturas rupestres urbanas
Authors: Lsnardis Andrei
Published: December 2017

A ocupação das cidades brasileiras pelos incontáveis graftsmos dos grupos de pichadores sinaliza a presença de toda uma comunidade marginal com suâ relações, normas de conduta e bens simbólicos próprios. Tomadas como vestígios arqueológicos dessa comunidade de grupos de pichadores, as próprias pichações são reveladoras de diversos âspectos da rede de relações que as produzem. Numa perspectiva etnoarqueológica baseada numa pesquisa anterior, de carâter "etnogrâfico", as pichações da cidade de Belo Horizonte são observadas no presente artigo apartir de questões freqüentes nos recentes estudos de grafìsmos rupestre pré-históricos. Os locais de ocorrência, o modo de ocupação dos suportes, os estilos e as normas de grafia são examinados como reveladores dos territórios, das normas de conduta, do jogo de relações entre indivíduos e grupos.
Padrões de decoração em vasilhames cerâmicos no Rio De Janeiro, século XIX
Authors: Agostini Camilla
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo divulgar os principais resultados da análise do material cerâmico de três sítios arqueológicos históricos, referentes ao Rio de Janeiro do século XIX. A análise se voltou particularmente para os aspectos decorativos de vasilhames cerâmicos semtratamentos de superfície tais como o vidrado, vitrificado ou engobado, com o intuito de realizar um estudo comparativo em sítios de diferentes contextos, assim como oferecer dados sistematizados para futuras comparações intersítios.
Uso de adornos labiais pelos construtores do sambaqui de cabeçuda, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Carvalho Claudia , Mendonça de Souza Sheila
Published: December 2017

O estudo de processos dento-patológicos com uma perspectiva biocultural vem se tornando mais importante na paleopatologia brasileira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir um padrão peculiar de perda dentária nos remanescentes esqueletais humanos do sambaqui de Cabeçuda, buscando sua justificativa. Foi constatado o baixo índice de patologias orais e a perda dentária significativa dos incisivos mandibulares entre os indivíduos masculinos, sendo assumida a hipótese do impacto de adornos labiais sobre a arcada dentária.
Apontamentos para o estudo da administração indígena em Jundiaí
Authors: Fagundes Morales Walter
Published: December 2017

Este artigo apresenta, de forma sucinta, o enfoque teórico-metodológico aplicado às pesquisas desenvolvidas em Jundiaí, SP. Esta pesquisa tem procurado perceber a dinâmica sociocultural existente entre os segmentos indígenas, africanos e portugueses na região, objetivando comprovar a utilização das etnias indígenas como mãode-obra escrava por mais tempo e com maior intensidade do que relata a história dos séculos XVII e XVIII. Para tanto, tem-se utilizado de fontes cartoriais inéditas e dados arqueológicos. A ênfase, no entanto, é dada ao estudo do material cerâmico conhecido genericamente como "neo-brasileiro", considerado importante fonte de informação sobre as transformações culturais ocorridas entre as diversas etnias que formaram a sociedade paulista colonial.
indígena e o europeu em Porto Seguro, Bahia
Authors: Etchevarne Carlos
Published: December 2017

Diferentes aspectos referentes à presença do colonizador europeu, em território do Porto Seguro, podem ser estudados através dos vestígios arqueológicos, confirmando, complementando ou aportando novos dados aos conhecidos através das fontes escritas. Os restos materiais dos primeiros momentos de ocupação colonial podem ser encontrados isoladamente ou em associação com material de origem indígena. Em muitos aspectos eles se diferenciam de forma marcada, chegando às vezes, a se oporem drasticamente. A forma de apropriação dos recursos do ambiente é um exemplo. Em outros, como a ocupação do espaço, pode existir proximidade de padrões, quando não coincidências. Por outro lado, do ponto de vista temporal, os vestígios nos permitem entender a cronologia dos momentos de ocupação colonial do território, revelando uma ocupação fundamentalmente litorânea desde a chegada do português até final do século XVIII, e outra, mais tardia, que se interioriza no território, a partir do século XIX.
Evidências para a permanência da Cultura Marajoara à época do contato europeu
Authors: Pahl Schaan Denise
Published: December 2017

Com base nos dados arqueológicos e históricos disponíveis, pesquisadores foram levados a concluir que as populações Marajoara teriam desaparecido imediatamente antes da conquista europeia. Nesse artigo, apresentamos dados relativos ao sítio PA-JO-49: Cacoal que, datado de 1.300 a 1.650 4.D., atesta a permanência da cultura Marajoara à época em que os Portugueses estabeleciam seus primeiros assentamentos na costa leste da Iha de Marajó. Este período tardio, a que nos referimos como subfase Cacoal, é caracterizado por continuidade cultural, mas também por mudanças sociopolíticas profundas. Uma reavaliação das fontes históricas, cotejada com novos dados arqueológicos, sugere que as sociedades Marajoara eram multiétnicas, o que oferece uma nova perspectiva para o entendimento de sua organização sociopolítica regional.
O levantamento das estruturas do antigo aldeamento de Barueri como exemplo da pesquisa arqueológica em área urbana
Authors: Mineiro Scatamacchia Maria Cristina , Franchi Cleide
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é fazer algumas considerações sobre o potencial do registro arqueológico de áreas históricas, atualmente urbanizadas, cujo processo de urbanização não considerou os registros passados. Muitas áreas que são mencionadas em documentos textuais, ou mesmo na tradição oral como sendo pontos importantes pala a compreensão da origem e desenvolvimento de certas cidades ou fatos históricos, acabam sendo desconsideradas como fonte documental. A experiência tem mostrado que mesmo áreas intensamente impactadas ainda guardam informações que podem ser resgatadas através de uma pesquisa arqueológica sistemática. O exemplo apresentado se refere ao diagnóstico que foi realizado sobre o potencial arqueológico da área do atual bairro da Aldeia, Barueri, no Estado de São Paulo.
Gestão e tratamento do acervo arqueológico
Authors: Candida Martins Dilamar , Lvanir Breda Judite , Bento de Oliveira Weylla , Beltrão de Oliveira Tatyana
Published: December 2017

A Reserva Técnica de Arqueologia (Salas Judite lvanir Breda) foi instituída com o objetivo de resguardar o patrimônio arqueológico proveniente de projetos de arqueologia por contrato, executados na Área Arqueológica Tocantins (T), Região Arqueológica Niquelândia do estado de Goiás - GO-Ni (Melo & Breda, 1972). Instituído pelo Laboratório de Arqueologia do Museu Antropológico da Universidade Federal de Goiás, tal acervo é resultado de urna parceria com outras instituições nacionais de pesquisa arqueológica e financiamento de empresas (tanto estatais quanto privadas). Na institucionalização da Reserva definiu-se uma sistemática organizacional para os diferentes tipos de instrumentos que compõem o Acervo Documental das pesquisas de gabinete o, possibilitando o gerenciamento do material documental por meio de ado armazenado em banco de dados. Foram tratadas 110 coleções totalizando 69.470 testemunhos arqueológicos; 9.000 imagens fotográficas; 102 horas de imagens videográficas: 2.949 exsicatas, além do Acervo Administrativo Corrente dos projetos de salvamento arqueológico das UHE's Serra da Mesa e Cana Brava, construídas no Norte goiano. O objetivo deste artigo é divulgar os resultados organizacionais do conteúdo científico sistematizado na RTA que passa agora a ser disponibilizado a pesquisadores, estudantes e público interessado pela temática arqueológica.