bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FUNGOS ANEMÓFILOS EM LABORATÓRIOS DO CURSO DE BIOLOGIA DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE EM SÃO LUIS, MARANHÃO
Authors: Pereira Daniele , Oliveira Mariene Amorim De , Assunção Elianny Cristina De , Nogueira Aline De Jesus Lustosa , Costa Ivana Correia
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Os fungos podem ser classificados de acordo com o ambiente ao qual estão inseridos, como é o caso dos anemófilos, presentes no ar. Estes tipos de fungos podem causar patologias quando seus esporos são inalados pelo homem, trazendo principalmente complicações no trato respiratório como asmas, rinites, entre outras. Este trabalho objetivou realizar o levantamento dos fungos anemófilos presentes em laboratórios do curso de Biologia de uma universidade localizada em São Luís – MA. Metodologia: Foram selecionados dois laborátorios – LAB1 e LAB2. Em cada laboratório foram dispostas três placas de Petri, a 1 m do solo, com meio de cultura batata-dextrose-agar, pH 7,0. O método utilizado para coleta dos fungos no ar foi o da sedimentação por 30 minutos. Após este período, as placas foram incubadas à temperatura ambiente durante cinco dias. Após o aparecimento das unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC) foi realizada a contagem dessas e a observação dos aspectos morfológicos. Foi aplicado o teste de Tukey à 5% de probabilidade para comparar o número de UFC entre os laboratórios. Resultados e Discussão: O número médio de UFC variou de 1 a 1,2 x 102.m-3. No LAB2 o número de UFC foi maior, provavelmente devido ao sistema de refrigeração estar funcionando durante a coleta. Todavia, estes valores não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas à quantidade de UFC do LAB1 sem refrigeração. Ambos os laboratórios apresentaram valores abaixo dos classificados de risco pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA), indicando que a qualidade do ar desses ambientes não apresenta risco aos seus usuários. Em relação à análise macroscópica das colônias foram observadas UFCs com características distintas como: tamanhos variáveis, bordas predominantemente irregulares com algumas colônias bem delimitadas e colônias algodonosas. O relevo do tipo apiculado foi o mais observado, seguido dos cerebriformes. Em relação à sua coloração, foram observados cores verde, branco e amarelo. Conclusão: Os laboratórios de ensino do curso de Biologia possuem UFC.m-3 de fungos anemófilos abaixo do limite estabelecido pela ANVISA, sendo aptos para o uso de seus usuários e indicando que as condições de limpeza dos filtros de ar condicionado estão adequadas.
Pierre Guidi (2020) - Éduquer la Nation en Éthiopie. École, État et identités dans le Wolaita (1941-1991)
Authors: Scalvedi Caterina
Published: June 2021

Recensé : Guidi, Pierre, Éduquer la Nation en Ethiopie. École, État et identités dans le Wolaita (1941-1991), Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2020, 350 p.
Pojęcie herezji jako narzędzie sprawowania władzy w dyskursie medialnym
Authors: Strupiechowska Monika
Published: June 2021

W dyskursie medialnym wielokrotnie zauważyć można posługiwanie się pojęciem herezji, odbiegającym od znaczenia uzgodnionego w debacie naukowej i teologicznej. W określaniu danego zjawiska tym mianem w mniejszym stopniu chodzi o obecne zwłaszcza w dialogu ekumenicznym napięcia i odstępstwa od nauki Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego. Współczesne herezje zdają się w większym stopniu opierać na odstępstwach od powszechnych interpretacji nauk Kościoła lub wręcz przeciwnie – dążą do przywrócenia tradycjonalizmu nauk. W artykule zbadano dwie współczesne osie konfliktu, określane przez uczestników debaty jako „herezje”. Wykorzystując metodę krytycznej analizy dyskursu oraz analizę danych zastanych, poszukiwano odpowiedzi dotyczącej genezy takiego ujęcia zagadnienia, powodów jego uważniania (kontrsepizacji) oraz zaangażowanych w proces aktorów, a także jawnych i ukrytych celów badanych fenomenów. W analizowanych przypadkach posługiwanie się pojęciem „herezji” służy realizacji interesów elit symbolicznych oraz jest skutecznym narzędziem legitymizowania tożsamości grupowej.
Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: A tertiary referral center study
Authors: Nassief Mona , Alduwailah Omar Kh M , Lotfy Nancy M.
Published: June 2021

Background: To report the prevalence of acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis (EPS) in a tertiary referral center in Kuwait, and to study the associated risk factors, etiologies, and management outcomes.

Methods: This prospective interventional hospital-based study was performed at the Farwaniya governmental hospital in Kuwait between November 2018 and November 2019. All patients were referred to the oculoplastic clinic with symptomatic epiphora, age > 18 years, epiphora Munk score ≥ 0, tear film meniscus ≥ 2 mm, and punctum with grade ≤ 2 (smaller than normal size, but recognizable EPS) were included. Exclusion criteria were congenital causes of epiphora, previous eyelid surgeries, and traumatic or neoplastic causes of punctal or canalicular obstruction.

Results: A total of 418 patients with symptomatic epiphora, who were referred to our oculoplastic clinic, were enrolled in our study. The prevalence of EPS was 70.3%. Examination of the puncta revealed different shapes, including tangential, pinpoint, elevated, slit-shaped, horse shoe-shaped, and membranous puncta, with the tangential type accounting for the greatest proportion (65.3%). Bilateral punctal stenosis was observed in 206 patients (70.1%) and unilateral involvement in 88 patients (29.9%). Dilatation and syringing were performed for all puncta upon diagnosis, and repeated dilatation was performed for 225 puncta (32.7%). Placement of a Mini-Monoka tube was performed in 11 puncta (1.6%).

Conclusions: EPS was a common cause of symptomatic epiphora in our study. Aging and female sex were identified as common risk factors. Most etiological factors of EPS were associated with a pathophysiological inflammatory mechanism. For exact estimates of its prevalence, a population-based study is necessary in future.

Keywords: punctal stenosis, dry eye, chronic blepharitis, Mini Monoka, Kuwait, prevalence, epiphora
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 1-2 TAHUN
Authors: Yul Mahmudah
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan bahasa pada diri manusia merupakan bagian dari perkembangan kognitif. Perkembangan bahasa sebagai salah satu dari kemampuan dasar yang harus dimiliki anak, sesuai dengan tahapan usia dan karakteristik perkembangannya.    Perkembangan tata bahasa anak, bergerak dari satu kata atau kalimat holographic phrases ke telegraphic phrases, tetapi beberapa kata dalam kalimat kompleks dengan frase kata depan, aturan, dan bentuk jamak perlu di koreksi lagi. Karena diawal perkembangan bahasa anak banyak yang salah sebagai orang tua harus sabar memperbaiki kata yang salah pada tahap perkembangan bahasa pada anak.
PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN MENTAL ANAK DAN REMAJA MELALUI IBADAH KEISLAMAN
Authors: K Fatma , Dewi Aisyah
Published: June 2021

Perkembangan zaman saat ini, memberikan dampak positif dan negatif kepada tahapan perkembangan anak dan remaja. Di antaranya perkembangan moral dan kesehatan mental bagi remaja sebagai individu dalam kategori perkembangan anak pada fase akhir. Hasil studi sebelumnya menyimpulkan remaja membutuhkan pedoman kontrol diri untuk berpikir dan bertindak, dalam hal ini Islam. Untuk mengembangkan potensi kesehatan anak dan remaja, khususnya kesehatan mental remaja bisa dilakukan dengan menyalurkan potensi kreativitas menulis, music dan seni maupun karya positif lainnya. Oleh karena itu, dengan potensi remaja yang besar tersebut, seharusnya dikembangkan gagasan untuk pengembangan kesehatan mental remaja menurut Psikologi dan Islam melalui ibadah keislaman agar tujuan hidup remaja sebagai pelajar menjadi terarah. Artikel ilmiah ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kepustakaan menunjukkan anak dan remaja yang memahami dan menghayati ibadah, mampu mengatasi masalah dalam hidup mereka, peningkatan rasa bersyukur, mampu menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan, menjaga hubungan dengan lingkungan dan Tuhan
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NARRATIVE COUNSELING IN IMPROVING THE CONFIDENCE OF MA ATTARAQQIE STUDENTS IN MALANG CITY
Authors: Fayrus Abadi Slamet
Published: June 2021

Self-confidence is a person's belief in everything that is an aspect of his strengths and that belief makes him feel able to achieve various life goals and be able to adapt to his environment. Narrative counseling is able to deal with someone who experiences a distressing combination in conditions of severe pessimism, self-doubt, irritability, neglect, indifference, anxiety, anxiety and some feelings that indicate depression problems experienced by students. This research uses the type of experimental or experimental research (experimental research). The results showed that the self-confidence profile of MA Attaraqqie in Malang City had a moderate level of self-confidence. The results of the study also prove that the intervention carried out is sufficient
RELATIONSHIP OF SHYNESS WITH LIFE SATISFACTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CAREER SUCCESS
Authors: Ullah Waseem , Alvi Abdul Khaliq , Soomro Muhammad Akram
Published: June 2021

This research study describes the mediating effect of career success for the relationship of shyness with life satisfaction. Current research is based on employees of telecom sector of Lahore Pakistan. Current research proposes four hypotheses. 252 employees of telecom sector are randomly selected for collecting data. Three of the hypotheses are about direct relationships and one is about the mediation effect of career success for the relation of shyness with life satisfaction. The study provided the significant results in reaching the conclusion. All the hypotheses are accepted. Moreover, the career success partially mediates relation of shyness with life satisfaction. In future, these types of studies may also conduct on other sectors like the banking sector; textile sector and education sector for validate the results. It is also worthwhile to collect the data from employees of the Government sector of employees. For generalizing the results data will also collect cities like Islamabad, Faisalabad and Karachi.
Nowe narzędzia i techniki zwiększające trafność badań internetowych
Authors: Saad Dominika
Published: June 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie nowych technik poprawiających jakość danych uzyskiwanych w badaniach przeprowadzanych online na przykładzie panelu Amazon MTurk. Poprzedzona kwerendą, krytyczna analiza literatury przedmiotu identyfikuje główne źródła zniekształcenia wyników, którymi są: bezrefleksyjność, działalność botów wypełniających ankiety oraz zachowania respondentów, klasyfikowane jako nadużycia lokalizacyjne interfejsu sieciowego IP. Wykorzystane podczas badania narzędzia oraz techniki wskazują na praktyczne sposoby zwiększania trafności uzyskiwanych danych poprzez rozpoznanie wyników zakłócających na poziomie 60%. Analiza otrzymanych danych potwierdza: 1) użyteczność zastosowanych technik kontroli oraz 2) stosowalność zaproponowanego w tekście modelu operacjonalizacji czasu jako istotnego wskaźnika zachowań bezrefleksyjnych.
O sztuce opowiadania historii. Wykorzystanie storytellingu w kampaniach społecznych i reklamach komercyjnych
Authors: Bielecka Anna
Published: June 2021

Artykuł stanowi analizę wykorzystania storytellingu przy tworzeniu kampanii społecznych i reklam komercyjnych przez różne podmioty. Storytelling jest sposobem komunikacji i tworzenia relacji opartym na emocjach. To one budują pomiędzy stronami komunikatu zaufanie i zachęcają do wymiany doświadczeń. Dlatego też coraz częściej jest on stosowany jako element strategii wielu firm. Funkcjonuje również w promocji sprzedaży, aby zbudować identyfikację, rozpoznawalność i wzmocnić wiarygodność. Jest też często wykorzystywany przy tworzeniu kampanii społecznych, które są obecnie ważnymi narzędziami współczesnej komunikacji. Kampanie te, realizowane przez różne podmioty, m.in. instytucje, przedsiębiorstwa, organizacje pozarządowe oraz obywateli, przyczyniają się do zmiany rzeczywistości na lepszą. Firmy tworzą kampanie społeczne, aby budować pozytywny wizerunek marki w kontaktach ze społeczeństwem. Marki, która dba nie tylko o zysk i jak największą sprzedaż, ale też o otaczający ją świat.
Mrtvi in pogrešani Slovenci v italijanski vojski in v vojnem ujetništvu med drugo svetovno vojno
Authors: Uršič Irena
Published: June 2021

V prispevku avtorica analizira vire in obravnava podatkovne baze o mrtvih in pogrešanih Slovencih, ki so življenje izgubili kot vojaki italijanske vojske ali kot italijanski vojaki slovenske narodnosti v vojnem ujetništvu med drugo svetovno vojno in po njej. Avtoričini temeljni viri so slovenske in italijanske podatkovne baze, ki so plod dolgoletnega dela posameznih raziskovalcev. Kot temeljni podatkovni bazi izpostavlja slovensko Nacionalno zbirko Žrtve druge svetovne vojne na Slovenskem in zaradi nje, ki so jo ustvarili raziskovalci Inštituta za novejšo zgodovino (INZ), in italijansko bazo Banca Dati dei Caduti e Dispersi 2a guerra Mondiale, ki so jo ustvarili raziskovalci arhiva Generalnega komisariata za čast padlim, delujočega pri Ministrstvu za obrambo Republike Italije. Na pragu stotih let, od kar so bili primorski Slovenci v obdobju med obema svetovnima vojnama prvič poklicani na služenje vojaškega roka v italijanski vojski ter z obzirom, da so bili prve vojne žrtve tako med obema svetovnima vojnama (leta 1935) kot tudi med drugo svetovno vojno (leta 1940) med vsemi Slovenci prav Slovenci v italijanski vojski, je namen tega prispevka izpraševanje o današnji sliki temeljnih seznamov in virov o žrtvah, o njihovem številu in imenih ter o možnostih, da bi žrtvam med mobiliziranimi Slovenci v italijansko vojsko in njihovim svojcem, pripomogli z natančnejšimi seznami in s spominom nanje.
STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF CREATIVITY ON PEDAGOGICAL TOLERANCE AND LACK OF TOLERANCE OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS
Authors:   SILK WAY International University, Kazakhstan, Shymkent, Botabaev G.Е. , Naubaeva H.T. ,   Zhetysu State University named after I.Zhansugurov, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan, Zhamirova U.Sh. ,   Taraz regional university named after M.Kh.Dulaty, Kazakhstan, Taraz, Mamekova A.T. ,   Zhetysu State University named after I.Zhansugurov, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

In this article, we examined the impact of creativity on pedagogical tolerance and lack of tolerance of teachers and students in the educational process. The psychological and social task of educating the individual is transferred to the pedagogical plan and in many ways sounds like the education of a tolerant consciousness. In fact, we see this as a model of the worldview problem that we solve in society and teachers. Addressing the problem of tolerance is now one of the principles of humanization of psychology. Pedagogical tolerance as a personal quality is an integral part of a number of professional competencies of employees of the education system. The lack of tolerance of teachers with an expressed authoritarian style of teaching and pedagogical communication consists of negative psychological characteristics that often manifest themselves in relation to students, which leads to extremely negative, and sometimes simply destructive consequences in teaching practice.
FORMATION OF SELF-KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF THE FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors:   Taraz state pedagogical University, Kozhabergenova G. E.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the methods of formation of self-knowledge and self-development of students in the course of psycho-pedagogicalworkshop. The article describes the structure and content of the workshop aimed at the formation of self-knowledge and self-development ofthe future elementaryschool teacher, and presented methods implemented during operation: Self-diagnosis, self-examination, self-observation, role play, game exercises. The dynamics of growth in the level of formation of cognitive and affective components ofprofessional consciousness of the future teachers of primary school
FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF MARRIED AND UNMARRIED INDIVIDUALS
Authors:   Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,(Almaty, Kazakhstan), Matkarimova A.I. , Kabakova M.P. ,   Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,(Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: June 2021

In modern society, there is a transformation of the family institution associated with an increase in the number of people who are not married, getting married at a later age, and a conscious refusal to bind oneself by marriage. In connection with the prevalence of this problem all over the world, the study of the psychological health of people who are and are not married becomes relevant.The psychological health of persons with different marital status has been well studied in foreign science, considered by Russian scientists, however, it has not been practically studied in Kazakh psychology.The conducted theoretical review of various studies made it possible to consider the influence of marriage on the psychological health of an individual. An analysis of the researchers' works points to the benefits of marriage as an important environment influencing the general well-being of a person.The article provides data on psychological health, the special components of which include indicators of psychological and subjective well-being, life satisfaction, psychological support associated with the emotional state of the personality of married and unmarried persons.The results of the theoretical review complement the scientific understanding of the psychological health features of married and unmarried people are one of the first attempts to compare the psychological well-being features of persons with different marital status in the Republic of Kazakhstan andmake it possible to understand the psychological factors of "family" and "single "Life
PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GENDER PROBLEMS IN SPORT
Authors:   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov,Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Kadyrbekov D.D. , Mambetalina A.S. ,   Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov,Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

In this article, we will review the history of women's sports, and also, based on the available research of the authors, we will conduct a theoretical analysis of the influence of gender on sports achievements. Let's touch on such a concept as sexual dimorphism and consider its impact on sports achievements. Women's sports in our time is independent and quite developed, has equal rights and scope, as well as men's sports. However, the scientific community does not proportionately study men and women who play sports. Modern scientists who advocate for women's rights in sports attribute this to social stereotypes and a small percentage of articles written by women about women. Lack of knowledge of issues related to the female body, in turn, can adversely affect the psychophysiology of athletes, as well as the development of women's sports in general. This highlights the relevance, practical and scientific significance of in-depth study of these issues.
THE POPULAR CHARACTER OF THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
Authors:   Candidate of historical science, associated professor of  M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan university, Kazakhstan,Oral, Zhurassova A.Sh. , Alkhamova L.K. ,   Teacherat the Kazakhstan University of Innovation and Telecommunication Systems, Kazakhstan,Oral
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the history of the Battle of Stalingrad during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945..The article describes the mobilization of Kazakhstanis to fight the Nazis and the contribution of the Soviet people to the Victory, as one of its main factors. The article highlights the role of women, children and the elderly who worked in the rear with the Soviet troops and took part in the war, which caused great suffering to humanity, as an example of heroism in the defense of the Fatherland. The author pays special attention to the fact that the Soviet people fought heroically on the fronts, worked hard day and night in the rear, regardless of language, origin and nationality. In this regard, the author concludes that the contribution of the entire Soviet Union to the war was the heroic people's war against fascism.
MECHANISMS OF MODERNIZATION OF TRADITIONAL KAZAKH SOCIETY
Authors:   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi PhD student, (Kazakhstan, Turkestan), Idrısova G. B. , Tursun Kh. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University,Turkestan, Republic of Kazakhstan. Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Kuandykova E. Zh ,   Senior teacher of Taraz State Pedagogical University (Kazakhstan, Taraz)
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the history of the traditional Kazakh society of the XVIII - early XX century, the institutions of power established by the colonials, the course and consequences of the transformation of land, financial relations, the activities of political and social institutions of the Kazakh traditional society, the process of their transformation by the colonial power, systematizes the characteristic society signs of a traditional society, classified by their cultural, spiritual, political and social activities. The influence of the Russian Empire in Kazakh-Russian relations is seen as a reflection of the process of traditional society transformation. During the transformation of traditional society, the parallel implementation of two directions - modernization and ethnic deformation is revealed. An assessment is given to the formed Eurocentric, ethnocentric conclusions regarding the history of transformation of a traditional society into a modern society, or an agrarian society into an industrial one. The authors propose an interpretation of the concept "ethno-deformation of traditional society" and its manifestation in Kazakh society. Analysis of the history of Kazakh traditional society using the principles of socio-economic determinism, formed by the developers of the theory of modernization.
SOCIAL POLICY OF JAPAN IN THE LABOR MARKET FOR OLDER AND DISABLED PEOPLE
Authors:   Cand. Sc. (History),Associate Professor, Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityAlmaty, Kazakhstan, Balakaeva L.T. , Shyntasova К. ,   Bachelor of Oriental Studies: Japanese language
Published: June 2021

This article examines the state policy of Japan in the labor market for older and disabled people in the changing demographic situation associated with a decrease in the birth rate, an aging population and a reduction in the country's working-age population. Against the background of increasing social spending, the government is trying to solve the problem of labor shortages by increasing the employment of older people, of course on a voluntary basis. The government's measures are shown to increase the retirement age and to reduce the distance between the retirement age and the maximum permissible age of employment of employees (teinen). The data on changes in the structure of workers' employment after reaching teinen are presented. The policy of attracting disabled people to the labor market in order to improve their social status, improve living conditions and positively influence the economic situation is revealed. Both achievements and shortcomings in solving this issue are noted.
CURRENT ISSUES OF RESETTLEMENT FROM THE SOUTHERN REGIONS TO THE NORTHERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University,Astana, Kazakhstan, B. Gabdulina  , Ykyla M. ,   L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University,Astana, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Currently, the country is developing a demographic imbalance. According to statistics, the Northern regions (North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, and Kostanay regions) have a population of about 2.2 million people, and the population density is 6.8 million people, compared to the southern regions (South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, and Almaty regions). By 2050, the population of the Northern regions is projected to decrease by 0.9 million people, while the population of the southern regions will increase by 5.2 million people. The population density in the southern regions will be 4 times higher than in the Northern ones. As one of the measures to restore this imbalance, the state program of voluntary relocation of the population from the southern regions to the Northern ones was launched. Under this program, conditions are created for those who move to the Northern regions, there are various benefits and material rewards. But while this program has significant advantages, it also has disadvantages. How do I fix them? What is being done for this purpose? In this article, we will try to find answers to these questions.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN ORGANIZING THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND
Authors:   Candidate of historical sciences, Aktobe regional state University named after Zhubanov Kazakhstan, Аktоbе, Isibaeva E.I.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the foreign experience of organizing the use of agricultural land. Agricultural land as an object of legal relations is a unique natural resource that is depleted when not properly used and requires high costs to restore their fertility. Therefore, legal support for the proper use of agricultural land is designed to take into account the existence of private and public interests in relation to such land, to ensure their balance. Legal provisions of agricultural land in the conditions of a moratorium on the application of certain norms of land legislation are provided. A comparative legal analysis of the tools used in Kazakhstan and abroad to ensure the proper use of agricultural land allows us to identify existing, but not used, legal mechanisms that ensure the preservation of the qualitative and quantitative state of these lands, and analyze the prospects for their introduction into domestic legislation. At the level of national legislation, the priority form of agricultural land management is defined - peasant or farm farming, the main requirement for its activities is compliance with environmental requirements when using land. Based on this, measures are being developed to support the agricultural producer and preserve the agricultural land behind him. Foreign experience shows that during the period of sustainable use of agricultural land, such legal instruments are very effective and allow us to determine the desire of farmers to provide an opportunity to conduct agriculture. It is achieved through state regulation of their use and turnover, aimed at redistribution to agricultural producers. Borrowed from the legal practice of foreign countries in ensuring the proper use of agricultural land. Of course, it is necessary to take into account the history of the development of land relations in rural areas, social features, and current economic conditions for the development of a legal system aimed at the effective use of agricultural land.Thus, foreign experience in regulating the use and turnover of agricultural land is largely taken into account in domestic legislation.
THE ONLINE LEARNING FORMAT IS A SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS EOUNG HTJHLE TO RECEIVE DISTANCE EDUCATION IN ORDER TO BECOME COMPETITINE IN EDUCATION AND LAVOR MARKETS
Authors:   Senior LectorsAl-Farabi Kazakh National  University,Almaty, Kazakhstan., Naraliyeva R. T. , Begalyeva A.K. ,   Senior LectorsAl-Farabi Kazakh National  University,Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Published: June 2021

In accordance with the plan of the Nation and the strategy of the university, our department of pre-university training also plans to carry out effective and successful work to provide quality education to students of the department - ethnic Kazakh youth abroad, scientific and innovative research. In this regard, measures have been taken to adapt the online learning system to the online educational platform with all the necessary functions, training, production and material base to ensure a full-fledged educational process of full-time education. The authors of the article is to form a distance learning platform for training courses for ethnic Kazakh youth abroad in the framework of the study of topical issues in the field of domestic education
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL POLICY
Authors:   Eurasian National University. L.N.Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Paniyaz Т. , Zhanpeisova K.D. ,   Eurasian National University. L.N.Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Any policy consists of goals and objectives set by the private interests of the population, methods, means of protection of interests, public-state institutions. It is difficult to form a single point of view on the regions with respect to significant differences in climatic, geographical, socio-economic, political and ethnic and other features in the territory of large states. The article provides a comparative analysis of the theoretical aspects of the content of regional policy, as well as the current regional policy, theoretical and methodological foundations and consequences for the development and implementation of regional policies, processes of formation and theory of regional policy. The definition of the concept and significance of regional policy is considered from the point of view of different researchers. The content of the main goals, directions and methods of regional policy for the current period is disclosed. Forms conclusions and proposals to improve the effectiveness of regional policy as a whole.
THE CONCEPT OF HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE ONTEXT OF THE PRC'S SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors:   Doctoral Candidate, Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi.  Kazakhstan, Almaty., Xie Tian , Zharkynbayeva R.S. ,   Doctor of Historical science, Professor. Kazakh National University named after al-Farabi. Kazakhstan, Almaty.
Published: June 2021

Through Рolicy of reform and opening up, China has followed a unique development path. Currently, the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has not yet ended, and development is also the most pressing challenge for all countries in the world. The evolution of the concept of development in the past and modern concept of China's development can provide theoretical support for the development of countries around the world. The article examines the evolution of the concept of "development" in world academic circles after World War II. Initially, development was identified only with economic growth, but soon this concept was constantly expanded, adding social factors and concern for the people themselves, and finally formed into the concept of sustainable development. The evolution of development theories in the world has had a great influence on the concepts of China's development, which are based on the specific national conditions of China and overlap with the main world concepts. High-quality development is the latest achievement in development theory in China and has provoked widespread debate in the Chinese academic community. Based on the main social contradictions in the country, Chinese scholars have clarified the content of this concept, and also had appropriate discussions in relation to specific industries.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE ARCHIVAL INDUSTRY OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   2st year doctoral degree studyAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityAlmaty, Kazakhstan, Makanbaev T. , Seksenbayeva G. ,   Associate professor, Doctor of historical sciencesAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityAlmaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The twentieth century turned out to be the most eventful for the history of archiving, and for the history of Kazakhstan as a whole. This has profoundly affected all aspects of the state, political, social, economic and cultural life. Wars, revolutions, changes in the political system, the restoration and collapse of the USSR - this is how the twentieth century began and ended. This article is an attempt to understand the course and certain feature of the long-term archival process in Kazakhstan. The entire history of archives of the Soviet period is closely intertwined with the history of the political system of the state. The history of archives is related to the monopoly rule of one-party ideology, with administrative pressure in the spiritual sphere of man, including pressure over archives. A new milestone in the development of archiving took place after the collapse of the USSR, so the archive system became independent. Independent Kazakhstan has carried out a number of reforms to democratize archival activities. As a result of these changes, a new archive management system was formed. Archives become part of the country's cultural heritage. The article focuses on identifying the leading trends in the formation of archives and key problems in the domestic archival science. Less attention is paid to the history of individual archives, since in general this is fully reflected in monographs, textbooks and numerous articles of Kazakhstani authors.
THE SACRED PLACES OF THE KAZAKH HISTORY:MARTOBE AND KULTOBE
Authors:   Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Research Institute of Archeology of the International Kazakh-Turkish University named after H.A. Yasavi, Turkestan, Kazakhstan., Kozha M.B. , Zhetibaev K.M. ,   Candidate of historical sciences,professor, director of the Research Institute of Archeology of the International Kazakh-Turkish University named after H.A. Yasavi, Turkestan, Kazakhstan.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the sacred places of the Kazakh history of the late Middle Ages: Martobe and Kultobe - historical places where the steppe elite once a year (usually in the fall) gathered for a general meeting and resolved issues - the conclusion of peace, the declaration of war, the redistribution of pastures, and the determination of nomadic routes. The article has collected and analyzed all known data from historical sources reporting on these places.Based on documentary data and a historiographic survey, the localization of the Martobe and Kultobe hills is presented. Archeology data and messages from representatives of the Kazakh intelligentsia of the 19th and early 19th centuries. XX century together with information from Russian scholars and the results of research by modern historians, they can more reasonably localize the location of Kultobe near the late medieval city of Turkestan and Martobe near the city of Sairam, and make an assumption about the chronological framework for holding general Kazakh meetings in these places.
DETERMINATION OF OPTIMAL WAYS TO CONTROL AND EVALUATE STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE IN THE HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN LESSONS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UPDATED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
Authors:   Head of the Departmentat Syrdarya University, candidate of historical sciences.Zhetisay, Kazakhstan, Apasheva S. , Mamraimov S. ,   Candidate of historical sciences, Zhetisay, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

We see differences between the traditional education system and the assessment system based on the modern updated educational program. In the traditional system of education is only the level of knowledge and progress in the modern education system evaluates the level of self-search, self-education, aspirations of the student. Therefore, the process of assessment in the modern education system is quite a complex process, since in modern pedagogical culture there are no formed ideas about the concepts of self-assessment, self-education, self-search, and most importantly-self-assessment. The article describes in detail the optimal approaches and methods for monitoring and evaluating students ' knowledge in history lessons within the framework of the updated educational program by comparing it with the 5-point (evaluation) system of traditional education.
MIRZA NAURYZBAY – UNKNOWN CHAPTER OF HIS LIFE
Authors:   Ph. D, Shymkent university, Abdurakhmanov N. A. , Kupbaeva R. M. ,   Senior lecturer, Shymkent university, Shekerbekov K. M. ,   Senior lecturer, Shymkent universityShymkent, Kazakhstan, nurmuhameda@mail.ru
Published: June 2021

The article examines the fate and spiritual heritage of the Turkestan figure, the figure of Alash Myrza Nauryzbayuly on the basis of archival data and press materials of that period. Analyzing the scientific and public articles of Myrza Nauryzbayuly, published in Tashkent from December 7, 1920 to 1925 in the newspaper "Ak Zhol", we, referring to his public activities during this period, try to prove the groundlessness of false reservations, complaints about the national ideological personality. The newspaper "Ak Zhol" promoted and brought to the public the policy pursued by the Soviet authorities, and equally analyzed the results of this policy, that is, the benefits and losses that it brings to the population, raising problems that are in the minds of the people. Thus, it was in great demand among the population. In addition, in "Ak Zhol" you can find a large number of articles written from the point of view of national interests, as this is a newspaper created with the assistance of supporters of the idea of Alash. Therefore, the content of the newspaper "Ak Zhol" was recognized as "unconstitutional", and its editorial staff was persecuted. It is also advisable to study the history of the newspaper" Ak Zhol", to determine its activities, to determine its scientific significance, to get to know such outstanding personalities as M. Nauryzbaiuly, to reunite their rich spiritual heritage with their native people.
ABAY’S HERITAGE FROM THE FUND OF THE CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY
Authors:   Doctor of Historical Sciences, Smagulova S.O. , Begimova M.K. ,   Master’s student at the Faculty of History, Archeology andEthnology of al-Farabi KazNU
Published: June 2021

The works of the great poet, humanist Abay is known not only in his country, but throughout the world. His works are connected with the realities of life. The poet’s heritage created at the end of the 19th century has reached subsequent generations in the form of manuscripts collected by children and relatives who are interested in his work. The manuscripts played a significant role in the propaganda of the poet Abay’s works. This article has analyzed the versions of the manuscripts of Abay’s heritage from the collection of Zeinelgabiden ibn Amre, Murseit Bikeuly, Nugerbek Kudabayuly, etc. stored in the rare fund of the Central Scientific Library, and also some differences and similarities had been reveald. The moment of appearance and storage conditions of the manuscripts of Abay’s poems in the library is being specified. The conclusions of scientists regarding the use of Abay’s manuscripts are considered.
Towards a chemical mechanism of the oxidation of aqueous sulfur dioxide via isoprene hydroxyl hydroperoxides (ISOPOOH)
Authors: Dovrou Eleni , Bates Kelvin H. , Rivera-Rios Jean C. , Cox Joshua L. , Shutter Joshua D. , Keutsch Frank N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In-cloud chemistry has important ramifications for atmospheric particulate matter formation and gas-phase chemistry. Recent work has shown that, like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the two main isomers of isoprene hydroxyl hydroperoxide (ISOPOOH) oxidize sulfur dioxide dissolved in cloud droplets (SO2,aq) to sulfate. The work revealed that the pathway of SO2,aq oxidation with ISOPOOH differs from that of H2O2. We investigate the chemical mechanisms of oxidation of SO2,aq with ISOPOOH in the cloud-relevant pH range of 3–6 and compare them with the previously reported mechanisms of oxidation of SO2,aq with H2O2, methyl hydroperoxide and peroxyacetic acid. The organic products of the reaction are identified, and two pathways are proposed. For 1,2-ISOPOOH, a higher yield pathway via proposed radical intermediates yields methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and formaldehyde, which can react to hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) when SO2,aq is present. A lower yield non-fragmentation oxygen addition pathway is proposed that results in the formation of isoprene-derived diols (ISOPOH). Based on global simulations, this mechanism is not a significant pathway for formation of MVK and formaldehyde relative to their gas-phase formation but, as previously reported, it can be regionally important for sulfate production. The study adds to previous work that highlights similarities and differences between gas-phase and cloud-droplet processing of reactive organic carbon.
Predicting social and health vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh
Authors: Lee Donghoon , Ahmadul Hassan , Patz Jonathan , Block Paul
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Floods are the most common and damaging natural disaster in Bangladesh, and the effects of floods on public health have increased significantly in recent decades, particularly among lower socioeconomic populations. Assessments of social vulnerability on flood-induced health outcomes typically focus on local to regional scales; a notable gap remains in comprehensive, large-scale assessments that may foster disaster management practices. In this study, socioeconomic, health, and coping capacity vulnerability and composite social-health vulnerability are assessed using both equal-weight and principal-component approaches using 26 indicators across Bangladesh. Results indicate that vulnerable zones exist in the northwest riverine areas, northeast floodplains, and southwest region, potentially affecting 42 million people (26 % of the total population). Subsequently, the vulnerability measures are linked to flood forecast and satellite inundation information to evaluate their potential for predicting actual flood impact indices (distress, damage, disruption, and health) based on the immense August 2017 flood event. Overall, the forecast-based equally weighted vulnerability measures perform best. Specifically, socioeconomic and coping capacity vulnerability measures strongly align with the distress, disruption, and health impact records observed. Additionally, the forecast-based composite social-health vulnerability index also correlates well with the impact indices, illustrating its utility in identifying predominantly vulnerable regions. These findings suggest the benefits and practicality of this approach to assess both thematic and comprehensive spatial vulnerabilities, with the potential to support targeted and coordinated public disaster management and health practices.
Raman spectroscopy in thrust-stacked carbonates: an investigation of spectral parameters with implications for temperature calculations in strained samples
Authors: Kedar Lauren , Bond Clare E. , Muirhead David
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Raman spectroscopy is commonly used to estimate peak temperatures in rocks containing organic carbon. In geological settings such as fold-thrust belts, temperature constraints are particularly important as complex burial and exhumation histories cannot easily be modelled. Many authors have developed equations to determine peak tempertaures from Raman spectral parameters, most recently to temperatures as low as 75 °C. However, recent work has shown that Raman spectra can be affected by strain as well as temperature. Fold-thrust systems are often highly deformed on multiple scales, with deformation characterised by faults and shear zones, and therefore temperatures derived from Raman spectra in these settings may be erroneous. In this study, we investigate how the four most common Raman spectral parameters and ratios change through a thrust-stacked carbonate sequence. By comparing samples from relatively low-strain localities to those on thrust planes and in shear zones, we show maximum differences of 0.16 for I[d]/I[g] and 0.11 for R2, while FWHM[d] and Raman Band Separation show no significant change between low and high strained samples. Plausible frictional heating temperatures of faulted samples suggest that the observed changes in Raman spectra are not the result of frictional heating. We apply three equations used to derive the peak temperatures from Raman spectra to our data to investigate the implications on predicted temperatures between strained and unstrained samples. All three equations produce different temperature gradients with depth in unstrained samples. We observe that individual equations exhibit apparently varying sensitivities to strain, but calculated temperatures can be up to 140 °C different for adjacent strained and unstrained samples using the same temperature equation. These results have implications for how temperatures are determined in strained rock samples from Raman spectra.
Surface melting over the Greenland ice sheet derived from enhanced resolution passive microwave brightness temperatures (1979–2019)
Authors: Colosio Paolo , Tedesco Marco , Ranzi Roberto , Fettweis Xavier
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Surface melting is a major component of the Greenland ice
sheet surface mass balance, and it affects sea level rise through direct runoff
and the modulation of ice dynamics and hydrological processes,
supraglacially, englacially and subglacially. Passive microwave (PMW)
brightness temperature observations are of paramount importance in studying
the spatial and temporal evolution of surface melting due to their long
temporal coverage (1979–present) and high temporal resolution (daily).
However, a major limitation of PMW datasets has been the relatively coarse
spatial resolution, which has historically been of the order of tens of kilometers.
Here, we use a newly released PMW dataset (37 GHz, horizontal polarization)
made available through a NASA “Making Earth System Data Records for Use in
Research Environments” (MeASUREs) program to study the spatiotemporal
evolution of surface melting over the Greenland ice sheet at an enhanced
spatial resolution of 3.125 km. We assess the outputs of different detection
algorithms using data collected by automatic weather stations (AWSs) and
the outputs of the Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR) regional climate model. We found that sporadic
melting is well captured using a dynamic algorithm based on the outputs of
the Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpack (MEMLS), whereas a fixed
threshold of 245 K is capable of detecting persistent melt. Our results
indicate that, during the reference period from 1979 to 2019 (from 1988 to 2019),
surface melting over the ice sheet increased in terms of both duration, up
to 4.5 (2.9) d per decade, and extension, up to 6.9 % (3.6 %) of the
entire ice sheet surface extent per decade, according to the MEMLS
algorithm. Furthermore, the melting season started up to 4.0 (2.5) d
earlier and ended 7.0 (3.9) d later per decade. We also explored the
information content of the enhanced-resolution dataset with respect to the
one at 25 km and MAR outputs using a semi-variogram approach. We found
that the enhanced product is more sensitive to local-scale processes, thereby
confirming the potential of this new enhanced product for monitoring surface
melting over Greenland at a higher spatial resolution than the historical
products and for monitoring its impact on sea level rise. This offers the
opportunity to improve our understanding of the processes driving melting,
to validate modeled melt extent at high resolution and, potentially, to
assimilate these data in climate models.
Connecting Youth Receiving SSI to Transition Services: The Role and Perspective of Family Advocates
Authors: Anderson Catherine A. , Brinck Emily A. , Trainor Audrey , Hartman Ellie C. , Schlegelmilch Amanda , Roskowski Matthew
Published: June 2021

Students and youth receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) often encounter challenges during the transition process due to the added complexities of family poverty, health conditions, and systemic inequities (Hemmeter, 2014; Honeycutt & Livermore, 2018; Wittenburg & Loprest, 2007). Through the multiple phases of recruitment and enrollment in the Wisconsin Promoting the Readiness of Minors in Supplemental Security Income (WI PROMISE) demonstration project, youth and families were more likely to engage with those with similar lived experiences in their home communities. As a result, integrating a new position of family advocate or navigator into the transition process for youth receiving SSI benefits may be beneficial in helping youth and their families successfully navigate the transition process and increase engagement in vocational rehabilitation (VR) services. This study investigated WI PROMISE family advocates’ views of their supportive role, families’ strengths and needs, and challenges that emerged as they supported families during the transition process. Results indicated three key themes: (a) the importance of building trust and raising expectations; (b) effective partnership, accountability, and teamwork across systems; and (c) peer-based roles as coach, mentor, problem solver, and navigator.