bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing bacteria at increased salinity
Authors: Toplaghaltsyan Anna , Karapetyan Zhaneta , Keleshyan Susanna , Avetisova G. , Melkonyan L. , Tsarukyan G. , Ghochikyan V.
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, one of the main problems in the field of agriculture is the process of soil salinization. Salinity has already affected more than 7% of the Earth's land area. One of the options for combating salinity is to minimize the use of harmful chemicals. Instead, environmentally friendly means should be used to restore saline arable soils and increase their fertility [1]. One of the widely used means are biofertilizers based on nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. These biofertilizers help plants absorb nutrients in saline conditions, leading to increased plant tolerance to salinity. All this has a positive effect on the process of restoration of saline soils, as well as on the improving the quality and quantity of the crop [2]. The purpose of this work was studying the growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing strains in the presence of NaCl. The objects of research were cultures Y5 and J2, previously isolated by us from saline soils of the Armavir region of Armenia, and osmo-resistant mutants Y5-B and J2-E obtained on their basis. Cultures were grown for 5 days in Burk's broth medium on an Innova 43 shaker (30 °C, 220 rpm) in the presence of 1.7% NaCl. A salt-free medium was used as a control. Sampling was carried out every 12 hours and the optical density was measured at a wavelength of 600 nm. The difference in the dynamics of cultures growth in saline and non-saline conditions is shown in Figure 1. The dynamics of the growth of strain Y5 in a salt-free medium was similar to its mutant Y5-B, but in the presence of NaCl it showed a small growth, in contrast to its mutant capable of growing in a salt medium. In the case of J2, on a salt-free medium the strain showed more passive growth compared to its J2E mutant. This pattern is also present in the nutrient medium containing NaCl. As a result, it can be concluded that osmotic-resistant mutants of strains Y5 and J2 are able to maintain their normal vital activity in a saline environment, in contrast to the original cultures. Figurre 1. Growth dynamics of nitrogen-fixing strains
The study on the dynamics of the accumulation of sulfated exopolysaccharides in the cultural liquid during the cultivation of spirulina in the presence of the coordinative compound [CuL(NO3)2]
Authors: Ţurcan Olga
Published: January 2024

Spirulina platensis is one of the key organisms that has shown interesting results in the treatment of some tumors, viral infections and immunodeficiency. Spirulina polysaccharides possess antitumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antiviral activity. Thus, the study of these bioactive substances is of great interest with a view to their application in various fields (pharmaceutics, food, bioremediation, etc.). In order to establish the cultivation period required for the maximum accumulation of exopolysaccharides (EPS), the dynamics of the accumulation of sulfated exopolysaccharides in spirulina was studied. As a stimulator and regulator of EPS synthesis, the coordinative compound [CuL(NO3)2] was selected in a concentration of 2 mg/l, which had a maximum effect on their synthesis, when cultivating spirulina for 7 days. Thus, the cultivation of spirulina was carried out for 26 days, during which the content of sulfated exopolysaccharides was recorded on each day of cultivation. At the end of the experiment, it was established that the accumulation of sulfated exopolysaccharides in the spirulina culture liquid occurs gradually, and the coordinating compound [CuL(NO3)2] stimulates this process, the EPS values being 7-29% higher than the values obtained during cultivation in standard conditions. The maximum accumulation of sulfated EPS was detected on the 18th day, reaching the value of 46.00 mg/l, which constitutes approximately 85% of the total acid EPS accumulated. After the 18th day of cultivation, there is a gradual decrease in the content of sulfated EPS. As a result of the research, we can say that the maximum accumulation of total acidic and sulfated exopolysaccharides occurs earlier (18th day), than in the case of the reference sample (22nd day).
Arima Forecasting In Soymeal And Beyond: An Empirical Study Bridging The Path To Millet-Based Forecasting
Authors: Dr. Geeta Kesavaraj Mr. Khaja Khan Pathan,
Published: January 2024

In India, Dealer Relationship Management (DRM). Has a significant importance due to opening up of domestic economy, as a result of globalization. The consumer durables products industry's complicated dealer-retailer connection is examined in this research. The study examines how trust, communication efficacy, long-term commitment, and service quality affect retailer’s loyalty. Interesting insights into these processes are found. While dealer trust and retailer’s loyalty are linked, it is not statistically significant, suggesting additional inquiry. However, the study shows that dealers' communication skills greatly affect retailer’s loyalty. Transparent, open, and timely communication drives strong retailer’s relationships, suggesting that equipping dealers with communication skills might help them last. Dealer devotion is strongly linked to retailer’s loyalty, according to the findings. Long-term engagement methods over short-term transactions are important to build deeper and more enduring relationships with retailers because retailers seek stability and continual assistance. Finally, service quality greatly affects retailer’s loyalty, according to the study. The study will be depended on primary data. The primary data was collected through a sample survey conducted in Andhra Pradesh state market. Stratified random sampling method was used to pick samples. The sample size was 150. The survey was conducted through personal interview based on a structured questionnaire. Structural Equation Model is used the analyze the data.
ORHIDS IN SAND DUNES IN KAMCHIYA PROTECTED AREAS BY NATURE 2000 ECOLOGICAL NETWORK (BULGARIA)
Authors: ZAHARIEV Dimcho , MOZAKOVA Tanya , DIMITROVA Zheni , KASCHIEVA Mariya
Published: January 2024

In the Kamchiya protected area (BG0000116) of the Natura 2000 ecological network in Bulgaria, five types of dune natural habitats were studied in terms of the distribution of species from the Orchidaceae family. Four species from the Orchidaceae family have been identified: Anacamptis papilionacea (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase (= Orchis papilionacea L.), Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich., Himantoglossum jankae Somlyay, Kreutz. & Ovari, and Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta (Steven) E.G.Camus (= Ophrys cornuta Steven). For each of these species, a characteristic of the habitat, the population, as well as the accompanying plant species has been prepared, which includes various indicators: projective cover, life form, biological type, and floristic element. A correction is proposed in the distribution in Bulgaria of one of the accompanying species: Campanula sparsa Friv. Botanical literature in Bulgaria states that this species is established above 300 m a.s.l. In our research, we found it at sea level.
HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN BELL PEPPER (CAPSICUM L.) FROM PRIVATE GARDENS IN COPȘA MICĂ AREA
Authors: COSTEA Mihaela , MOTELICĂ Dumitru-Marian , VRÎNCEANU Nicoleta Olimpia , TĂNASE Veronica , OPREA Bogdan-Ștefan
Published: January 2024

There are many studies that reported high levels of metals (Cd, Pb, Zn) content in soils and vegetation from area affected by historical contamination in Copșa Mică area. In the period 2019-2021, a study was carried out in order to assess the accumulation of heavy metals in bell pepper cultivated in private gardens from a contaminated area. During this study 62 individual households were visited and 124 samples (62 soil samples and 62 bell peppers samples) were collected from these gardens, located in the Copșa Mică contaminated area. The results reveal that the accumulation of metals in edible parts of belly pepper had the following hierarchical pattern: Zn ˃ Cu ˃ Cd ˃ Pb. Zinc (Zn) was the metal with the highest content identified in the edible part of pepper samples, ranging between 1.4 mg / kg f.w. and 7.0 mg / kg f.w.., while for cadmium (Cd) the content values ranged between 0.005 mg / kg - 0.162 mg / kg. The metals contents in bell peppers were positively correlated to total contents of metals in soil. The highest values of correlation coefficients were obtained for the regression curves established for the estimation of Cu, Cd and Zn accumulation in bell pepper (r = 0.443 for Cu, r = 0.399 for Cd, and r = 0.376 for Zn). In the case of lead the linear correlation coefficient is relatively low (r = 0.299). The results of this study are important to estimate the metals accumulation in vegetables from individual gardens, while also improving the safety of foodstuff produced in contaminated areas.
STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLIMATE MEASURES IN MEHEDINTI COUNTY
Authors: LUNGU Veronica , ULIU Daniel Valeriu , VLADU Marius
Published: January 2024

Agro-environment represents an important point on the agenda of the European Union, with significant funds being allocated to support activities that involve environmental protection. The main pawns in carrying out the environmental policies are the farmers, in their capacity as beneficiaries of these aids, which is why all the levers that can be used to guide them, to motivate them so that there is a satisfaction and a mutual balance between ensuring sufficient compensations to make them access the measures aimed at protecting the environment and the effects of their actions, in this case, a better management of natural resources.This article aims to highlight the impact of agri-environment and climate measures, in Mehedinti county, by using quantitative and qualitative research methods: questionnaire and interview, aimed at showing the degree of information of farmers, the motivation of applying these measures, as well as whether the purpose of these measures was touched. Of the 43 farmers surveyed, 60.5% were motivated by the financial compensation, 75.4% saw these measures as an opportunity to bring more value to the farm, and 67.4% considered that the purpose of these measures is to helps to preserve the environment and the transition to a sustainable agriculture.
SMALL FAMILY FARMS CAPACITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SERBIAN AGRICULTURE
Authors: PAUNOVIĆ Tamara , VUČKOVIĆ Dejana
Published: January 2024

Family farms can play a crucial role in the successful and sustainable development of Serbian agriculture. There are several reasons why family farms are significant for the sustainable development of Serbian agriculture, and some of the most important points are: economic contribution, food security, diverse agriculture, market access, local knowledge and tradition. According to the 2018 Farm Structure Survey (FSS), there were 564 541 farms in Serbia, of which 99.71% were classified as family farms with an average size of 4.5 hectares per farm. Moreover, the average economic size of a family farm is 8610 Euros and is 45% higher than in 2012, but still four times smaller than the average in the EU. When evaluating small family farms, it is very important to analyze the age and education level of the farm manager. The average age of the farm managers is 61 years, and in addition, the majority of farm managers (48.6%) have acquired agricultural knowledge only through practical experience. In order to support the capacity of small family farms for sustainable rural development in Serbia, the government and various stakeholders need to: provide policy support, educate and train farmers, improve access to resources and markets, develop infrastructure, and promote research and innovation that meet the needs of family farms. By focusing on these areas to increase the potential of family farms and providing the necessary support, Serbia can build a resilient, sustainable, and economically viable agricultural sector that benefits both rural communities and the overall economy.
DETERMINATING FACTORS IN ROMANIAN CONSUMERS' PREFERENCES FOR WHOLE GRAINS PRODUCTS IN CLIMATE CHANGE CONTEXT
Authors: POP Ruxandra-Eugenia , RODINO Steliana , DRAGOMIR Vili
Published: January 2024

Among other factors specific to the macro environment of the product market, which influence consumption behaviour, climate changes can be mentioned. Climate changes related factors (rainfall, temperature, drought) directly influence the level of production (supply) of cereals regardless of their type. At the same time, climate changes indirectly influence the diet of the population and the demand on the grain market. The grains sector is perhaps the most important agri-food sector in Romania and component of the Romanian agri-food system and not only. Among others factors, this is due to the pedo-climatic characteristics favourable for cereal crops and the cultivation tradition. This market is characterized by a high demand, due to the multiple ways of use and consumption, cereal products being essential food for a healthy diet. This paper aims to analyse consumers preference on the whole grains market, a category encouraged by high productions levelbut also recommended by specialists for improving health, both for population and environment. In this context, it is important to identify the main socio-demographic characteristics of the Romanian respondents that influence their consumption decision on this market. In order to achieve the purpose of this work, a questionnaire was applied among 126 respondents and the interpretation of the results was carried out with the help of the SPSS program. Thus, reference statistical parameters such as the chi-square test and contingency coefficient were calculated, in order to validate or not the research hypotheses.
RESEARCHES THAT CONCERN SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ISSUES BY NOW RECORDED IN THE CASES OF SOME VINE KINDS DESTINED TO PRODUCE TABLE GRAPES WHICH ARE CURRENTLY CULTIVATED WITHIN THE DRĂGĂȘANI VINEYARD
Authors: VĂRZARU Cristian , MĂRĂCINEANU Liviu , BOȘTINARU Alin-Marin , BADEA George Lucian , GIUGEA Nicolae
Published: January 2024

The productiveness performance ratios of the vine kinds destined to produce grapes for fresh status consumption insofar their respective quantities and quality levels could ever be concerned are effectively influenced by the vine log’s leaves’active surface and by its own intrinsic features as these latters could be evaluated through the analyses performed upon the leaves’respectively gained amounts of various macro-elements. In the cases of certain vine kinds such as for example Victoria, Chasselas Doré, Călina, Hamburg Muscat and Afuz Ali the performed investigations have brought up reliable evidence which does concern the existences of their respective vocations for revaluating at their best the pedologic and oeno-climate-related local circumstances graciously offered by this longtime since well-known vine cultivated area. Among these circumstances does as well figure the humanly chosen situation of the concerned vine logs through their precisely calculated positions upon the local hillock’slopes. For all of the hereby studied vine kinds the effective extents of their respective leaves’active surfaces as well as their own intrinsic features are really submitted to the influences which could be exerted by the most highly possible to occur drought time intervals. Under these circumstances the vine logs situated amidst the hillock slope should benefit from the most intense photo-synthesis processes while the greatest respiration capacities could be recorded at the vine logs situated upon the slope’s top. However the intensity degrees attended to by the transpiration processes would instead be the highest for the vine logs situated at the slopes’feet.
Analysis of Cognitive Domain on Exercises in Numbers and Operations for Year 3 Mathematics Books
Authors: Kong Peter Chien Chze , Rosli Roslinda
Published: January 2024

Pupils’ low achievement in Numbers and Operations topics in Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 has been a concern for the development of mathematics education in Malaysia. Therefore, the quality of mathematics textbooks and activity books, especially in the cognitive domain of exercises, is essential to ensure effective learning of mathematics contents. Thus, content analysis was performed to identify the cognitive domain of exercises in Numbers and Operations topics in the Year 3 mathematics textbook and activity book based on the TIMSS 2023 Mathematics Framework. In this study, the exercises in Numbers and Operations were categorised based on types of exercises and cognitive domain aspects. Results showed that most of the exercises of both the mathematics textbook and activity book topics are in the domain of knowing. The findings suggest that the percentage of exercises in applying and reasoning should be increased and aligned to the suggested percentage by the TIMSS 2023 Mathematics Framework. This situation should be aware by curriculum developers to enhance mathematics learning resources for Malaysian pupils towards the international level.
Effectiveness of Online Learning and Preparedness of Preschool Teachers Amid COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Danielle Apos Ocaya Isabelle
Published: January 2024

Education is a significant factor in success. It is seen as a hope to have a bright future. Today, education has evolved through the use of technology. Technology helps to enhance learning, increase engagement, and improve teaching techniques. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of preschool online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in the identified schools in Lapu-Lapu City for the school year 2020 -2021. This study used a descriptive correlational research design and survey technique with 35 teacher respondents. A survey questionnaire was designed to assess the perception of teachers on the effectiveness of online learning for young learners. Frequency count, percentage, and weighted mean were used to treat the data gathered. The level of effectiveness of preschool online learning was measured in four aspects: online learning platform used, learning materials used, techniques and methods used, and engagement of students in class. The level of preparedness was also calculated based on criteria. A test subjected to a 0.05 level of significance was used to know if there was a significant relationship between the responses and the demographic profile of the respondents. The results of this study revealed that the respondents found online learning to be moderately effective. They are also only somewhat prepared for online teaching. Furthermore, the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between the teachers’ perception of the level of effectiveness and preparedness and their demographic profile. Based on the findings, an action plan was formulated and recommended for implementation by the authorities concerned.
Financial Return on Investment: An Analysis of the Top-Ranked Private Universities in the United States
Authors: Ponton Michael K.
Published: January 2024

The increasing cost of an undergraduate education in the United States of America has caused alarming degrees of student loan debt with deleterious consequences to the lives of graduates. Although there are myriad considerations when choosing an institution to attend, the avoidance of unmanageable debt should be prioritized. In this regard, institutions of interest should be examined based upon potential earnings in light of the actual cost of attendance. The purpose of this study was to examine the return on investment for an undergraduate education (i.e., the ratio of median annual earnings after attendance to the average annual cost of attendance) between the top-ranked private universities in the United States as per the U.S. News & World Report top-20 rankings for 2024. Annual earnings and cost of attendance data were gathered from the College Scorecard. Findings for 18 private universities reveal major differences between published tuition and fees and the actual cost of attendance (on average, the latter is 32% of the former) with an average return on investment of 6.6; however, there is a wide range of return on investment (2.9–24.4). Findings further reveal that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, and Princeton University are the top three institutions with respect to both the ROI and U.S. News & World Report rankings
Thoracic ectopia cordis, sternal agenesis, partial ectopia hepatica and fissure abdominalis in a German Shepherd puppy with milder incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell. Clinical case
Authors: Ozdemir–Salci Emsal Sinem , Yildirim Koray
Published: January 2024

A newborn German Shepherd breed male puppy was presented with the complaint that some organs were formed outside the chest and abdomen. The rhythmic movements of the swelling under the chest pointed out the heart and the swelling under the abdomen was covered with a membrane. On the lateral radiograph of body, sternal agenesis, extra–thoracic location of the heart, and normal diaphragmatic border were seen, while the swelling in the abdomen was thought to be liver. During the diagnostic steps, the puppy died, and necropsy was performed. At necropsy, it was observed that the heart wrapped with the pericardium was placed extra–thoracically (thoracic ectopia cordis) due to sternal agenesis, and the liver was partially located extra–abdominally (ectopia hepatica) due to fissura abdominalis, which was surrounded by the peritoneum. Both radiological and necropsy findings revealed that there was no rib structure after the costochondral joints. Diaphragm was present, and there was no abnormality in the other intrathoracic and intraabdominal organs. Here, it is aimed to report thoracic ectopia cordis, sternal agenesis, ectopia hepatica and fissura abdominalis in a German Shepherd puppy with milder incomplete pentalogy of Cantrell, and to present the radiological and necropsy findings of the anomaly.
Estimation of a selected population parameters for Turkish marine waters' red mullet Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Mullidae)
Authors: Türker Dilek
Published: January 2024

In order to calculate the length–weight and length–to–length relationships for red mullet Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 in Turkish marine waters, samples were collected from the Marmara Sea, the Northern Aegean Sea and the Western Black Sea by trawler from 2013 through 2016 fishing season. In the study in which 1,756 individuals were sampled, the number and proportion of individuals obtained from the Western Black Sea Region was 9.7% with 171 individuals from Amasra and 65.3% with 1,148 individuals from Ereğli; it was 1.7% with 30 individuals from the Marmara Sea, while it was 23.2% with 407 individuals from the North Aegean Sea. The total length was 6.3 to 20.5 cm, while the weight ranged from 2.54 to 89.53 g. In addition, 49 length–weight relationship values were examined from the literature of red mullet sampled in Turkish marine waters from 1977 to 2017. The smallest b value was determined as 2.84 from Iskenderun Bay and the highest was 3.3916 from the Izmir Bay. The median value of b was 3.188; it was observed that 50% of the b values ranged from 3.092 to 3.26.
夫妻剩餘財產差額分配請求權在個人財產交易損益的應用【本月企劃】
Authors: 封昌宏 封昌宏
Published: January 2024

財政部對於因夫妻剩餘財產差額分配請求權取得的不動產，房屋持有期間的計算，不是以出售人取得日起算，而是以他方配偶的取得日計算。夫妻剩餘財產差額分配是財產無償移轉的行為，無償行為在稅法上具有重要的意義，除了移轉時是否課稅之外，更重要的是無償取得者未來出售的稅捐負擔，出售以夫妻剩餘財產分配為原因取得的房屋，財產交易所得應該如何計算，所得稅法以及相關法規並未有明確規範。本文將從財政部的相關法規中找出最可能的認定原則，並解說其中所涉及的課稅問題及執行稅法上的剩餘財產差額分配時應考量的因素，以期在具體個案執行時，能追求稅務上的最佳利益。
Geografia escolar e o meio ambiente
Authors: Silva Vanessa
Published: January 2024

Contexto: Este artigo faz uma análise da importância do uso de diferentes metodologias para o ensino da Geografia em âmbito escolar, com a elaboração de um projeto baseado na temática dos cuidados ao meio ambiente. O projeto foi elaborado e aplicado a partir do método da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas, tendo como objeto de estudo a Área de Proteção Ambiental [APA] do Ibirapuitã. Metodologia: Definiu-se como sujeitos da pesquisa e participante do projeto, os alunos do sexto e sétimo ano do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Municipal Prefeito João Souto Duarte, localizada no município de Santana do Livramento-RS. Com base no problema inicial, realizou-se pesquisas sobre a APA do Ibirapuitã identificando seus principais elementos naturais e socioculturais, bem como as normativas e legislação que o regem. Por fim, realizou-se um trabalho interdisciplinar com as disciplinas de Geografia, História e Artes, onde os alunos puderam refletir sobre os resultados encontrados durante as pesquisas e o projeto. Considerações: Observou-se que essa metodologia foi essencial para a aprendizagem dos alunos pois possibilitou a integração do ensino que associa a investigação e pesquisa, explorando a criatividade e habilidade dos alunos, o pensamento crítico e a capacidade de resolução de problemas, bem como a interdisciplinaridade, como fator de transversalidade, trabalho em equipe, envolvendo professores e alunos em processos de interação e ambiente escolar mais dinâmico.
O Letramento Cartográfico no Ensino Médio
Authors: Souza Glenda , Berto Vagner
Published: January 2024

Contexto: O presente trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência da atividade de estágio obrigatório de uma estudante do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia do Instituto Federal do Paraná, campus Curitiba, no ensino médio técnico localizado no Colégio Estadual Benedicto João Cordeiro Ensino Fundamental, Médio, Normal e Profissional em Curitiba durante o primeiro semestre do ano de 2023. Metodologia: O estágio foi realizado no curso técnico de formação docente, com uma turma de 2º ano composta por 21 estudantes. A disciplina em foco era Metodologia da Alfabetização. A proposta de intervenção didática escolhida pela estudante foi o Letramento Cartográfico. Ela apresentou aos futuros professores diferentes formas de trabalhar alfabetização e letramento em Geografia com os alunos do Ensino Fundamental I, usando a linguagem da cartografia escolar e explorando características e elementos dos mapas. Considerações: O estágio foi uma grande oportunidade para a estudante desenvolver habilidades de comunicação, resolução de problemas, adaptação a diferentes contextos, tomada de decisões e gerenciamento de tempo, além de aprimorar sua prática como futura educadora. Além disso, foi possível que a estudante fizesse reflexões sobre o cenário atual dos estudantes de Formação Docente, de Pedagogia e dos docentes de ambos os cursos, visto que existem contradições ao longo da formação dos estudantes de Licenciatura em Pedagogia.
Análise e observações da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Santos Dumont no município de Agudo- RS
Authors: Lopes Milena , Abreu Juliana , Batista Natália
Published: January 2024

Contexto: Ao adentramos ao espaço escolar, nos familiarizamos com o ambiente e também com funcionários da escola, professores e alunos. Isso é de suma importância para que possamos desenvolver de maneira completa e significativa, preparando-nos para o convívio dentro das escolas. As observações realizadas permitem um entendimento do contexto e da dinâmica escolar. Foram realizadas entrevistas com a equipe presente no âmbito escolar diariamente, como direção, secretaria e trabalhadoras da área da limpeza e cozinha. Também foram feitas observações nas adjacências e perímetro da escola Santos Dumont, além de observações na aula de geografia dos anos finais. Metodologia: Para possibilitar uma melhor compreensão do universo escolar, foram realizadas entrevistas e observações. As entrevistas foram feitas com a equipe presente no ambiente escolar diariamente, enquanto as observações foram realizadas nas adjacências e perímetro da escola Santos Dumont, bem como na aula de geografia dos anos finais. Considerações: O ato de observar e estar dentro da sala de aula cria relações pessoais com todos que lá estão, o que é um divisor de águas dentro da licenciatura. Essas relações e vínculos são importantes para o desenvolvimento completo e significativo no ambiente escolar.
O ensino de orientação e localização na educação geográfica
Authors: Boaes Douglas , Nunes Hikaro
Published: January 2024

Contexto: O presente estudo descreve o relato de experiência de um acadêmico do curso de Licenciatura em Geografia e sua vivência em sala de aula durante o estágio supervisionado enquanto etapa fundamental para a sua formação professoral. Tem como objetivo discutir, a partir de experiências e vivências no âmbito do Estágio Supervisionado de Geografia, o ensino do conteúdo de “Orientação e Localização”, junto a uma turma de 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública na cidade de Coari (Amazonas). Metodologia: Metodologicamente, direciona-se para pesquisa exploratória, relato de experiência e pesquisa qualitativa, associadas à utilização de recursos didáticos diversos, tais como esferas de isopor, fitas adesivas, bambolês e globo terrestre. Considerações: Foi observado que as práticas convencionais de ensino baseadas somente na leitura do livro escolar não são de forma alguma descartáveis e que por vezes, a falta de recursos impossibilita que o professor possa encontrar formas de inovar sua metodologia de ensino. Constatou-se que, por meio de soluções simples, é possível garantir o interesse e o dinamismo em aula, com interação e fazendo com que o alunado possa enxergar de forma concreta o conteúdo que está sendo ensinado.
Rezension von: Schlichenmaier, Roland (Hrsg.), Geschichte und Geschichten aus unserer Heimat Weissacher Tal, Bd. 24
Authors: Fritz Gerhard , Schlichenmaier Roland
Published: January 2024

Geschichte und Geschichten aus unserer Heimat Weissacher Tal. Bd. 24. Hg. v. Roland Schlichenmaier unter Mitarbeit von Regine Kuntz, Erich Bauer, Werner Pabst, Margarete Ebinger, Ingo Sperl, Lore Kannowade. Weissach im Tal: Schlichenmaier 2010, 165 S.
Rezension von: Freiwillige Feuerwehr Backnang (Hrsg.), Festbuch 150 Jahre Freiwillige Feuerwehr Backnang
Authors: Trefz Bernhard , Freiwillige Feuerwehr Backnang
Published: January 2024

Freiwillige Feuerwehr Backnang (Hg.): 150 Jahre Feuerwehrgeschichte Backnang 1860 bis 2010. Backnang: I&T-Werbung 2010, 112 S., zahlr. Abb.
Խրատների դերն ու նշանակությունը Գրիգոր Լուսավորչի մի շարք երկերում
Authors: Պետրոսյան Նելլի
Published: January 2024

Ս. Գրիգոր Լուսավորչի անունով մեզ հասած երկերում արտացոլված խրատների դերն ու նշանակությունը էական ազդեցություն է թողել հայ ժողովրդի քրիստոնեական կրթության և դաստիարակության զարգացման վրա: Հայ եկեղեցական մատենագրության մեջ երկերը տարբերվում են իրենց բովանդակային առանձնահատկություններով և այդ առումով բացառիկ կարևորություն ունեն: Մինչ V-րդ դարը, հայ մատենագրության և գրերի ստեղծումից առաջ արդեն հայտնի էին խրատական, բարոյակրթական ճառեր ու քարոզներ բովանդակող երկեր:
Роль и значение поучений, отраженных в произведениях, известных нам под именем Св. Григория Просветителя, оказали значительное влияние на развитие христианского образования и воспитания армянского народа. В содержательном плане армянская церковная литература имеет исключительную значимость. В V веке, до создания армянской богословской литературы и письменности, уже были известны сочинения, содержащие поучительные, нравственно-воспитательные речи и проповеди.
The role and significance of teachings reflected in works known to us by the name of St. Gregory the Illuminator, had a significant impact on the development of Christian education and the upbringing of the Armenian people. In Armenian Church bibliography, works differ in their content and in this sense have exceptional significance. In the 5th century, before the creation of the Armenian literature and writing, works containing instructive, moral and educational speeches and sermons were already known.
Վարդան Մամիկոնյանի գործունեությունը 415-442 թթ.
Authors: Վարդանյան Արգիշտի
Published: January 2024

Սպարապետ Համազասպ Մամիկոնյանի մահից հետո (415 թ.) տևական ժամանակ թե՛ Արշակունյաց թագավորության վերջին տարիներին, թե՛ մարզպանության սկզբնական շրջանում սպարապետության պաշտոնը մնաց թափուր։ Այն չհանձնվեց Վարդան Մամիկոնյանին այն պարզ պատճառով, որ վերջինս ավանդական հռոմեական կողմնորոշում ունեցող Մամիկոնյանների և կաթողիկոս Սահակ Պարթևի հետնորդն էր։ 422 թ. Թեոդոս II կայսեր կողմից (408-450 թթ.) Մամիկոնյան իշխանը նշանակվեց արևմտյան Հայաստանի ստրատելատ, իսկ 432 թ. պարսից արքա Վռամ Ե-ն վերականգնում է Վարդան Մամիկոնյանի տոհմային իրավունքները։ Եվ միայն 442 թ., երբ սկսվեց պարսկա-քուշանական պատերազմը, հայկական հեծելազորի մասնակցությունն անհրաժեշտ էր, և այն պետք է գլխավորեր ռազմական հեղինակություն ունեցող գործիչ, և այդպիսիք Մամիկոնյաններն էին, ուստի արևելյան Հայաստանի կարևորագույն գործակալությունը՝ սպարապետությունը, 442 թ. հանձնվեց Վարդան Մամիկոնյանին։
После смерти спарапета Амазаспа Мамиконяна в 415 г. на протяжении длительного времени – как в последние годы царствования Аршакидов, так и в начальный период марзпанства, должность спарапета оставалась вакантной. Вардан Мамиконян не стал спарапетом по той простой причине, что он придерживался традиционной римской ориентации, как и все Мамиконяны и католикос Саак Партев. В 422 г. князь Мамиконян был назначен императором Феодосием II (408-450 гг.) спарапетом Западной Армении, а в 432 г. персидским царем Врамом V были восстановлены династические права Вардана Мамиконяна. Лишь в 422 г., когда началась персидско-кушанская война, возникла необходимость в армянской коннице, которую должен был возглавить пользующийся авторитетом военный деятель, каковым являлся Мамиконян, посему важнейший институт спарапетства Восточной Армении был передан в 442 г. Вардану Мамиконяну.
After the death of sparapet Hamazasp Mamikonyan in 415 for a long time – both in the last years of the reign of the Arshakids and in the initial period of marzpanutyun, the position of sparapet remained vacant. Vardan Mamikonyan did not become a sparapet for the simple reason that he adhered to the traditional Roman orientation, like all Mamikonyans and Catholicos Sahak Partev. In 422, Prince Mamikonyan was appointed by Emperor Theodosius II (408-450) as the sparapet of Western Armenia, and in 432, the Persian king Vram V restored the dynastic rights of Vardan Mamikonyan. Only in 422, when the Persian- Kushan war began, a need a for the Armenian cavalry rose, which was to be led by an authoritative military figure, which was Mamikonyan, therefore, the most important institution of sparapet in Eastern Armenia was transferred in 442 to Vardan Mamikonyan.
Հայոց ազգային տունը, Հայկական հարցը և Կ. Պոլսի հայ պարբերականները
Authors: Հովսեփյան Մարիամ
Published: January 2024

Հայոց ազգային տան առաջարկի և Հայկական հարցի զարգացումների վերաբերյալ քննարկումները բավական ակտիվ էին ժամանակի պոլսահայ պարբերականների էջերում։ Դրանք գրեթե ամենօրյա կտրվածքով անդրադարձել են վերոհիշյալ խնդիրներին։ Պոլսահայ առաջատար թերթերի հրապարակումների վերլուծությունը մեզ բերում է այն համոզման, որ Հայոց ազգային տան, արևմտահայերի ճակատագրին առնչվող խնդիրները եղել են նրանց համար առաջնային: Հայկական հարցի վե- րաբերյալ բանավեճերն առաջին էջերում էին տեղ գտնում։ Տպագրում էին հայանպաստ ելույթներ, Հայոց ազգային տուն հիմնելու օգտին բարձրաձայնող եվրոպացի դիվանագետների հետ հարցազրույցների թարգմանություններ արտասահմանյան թերթերից։ Հրապարակումների մեջ տեղ էին հատկացնում Քեմալական շարժման ակնառու ներկայացուցիչների, Կ. Պոլսի թուրքական պարբերականների տեսակետներին այդ հարցի առնչությամբ։ Դրանք զետեղում էին՝ առանց մեկնաբանությունների։ Տարբեր կուսակցությունների գաղափարախոս «Ճակատամարտ» և «Ժողովուրդի ձայնը. Ժամանակ» օրաթերթերը համակարծիք էին ցեղասպանության, արևմտահայերի ունեցվածքի յուրացման, հայրենազրկման, Հայոց ազգային տուն ունենալու իսկ դրա անհնարինության դեպքում՝ Խորհրդային Հայաստանի շուրջ համախմբվելու կամ այնտեղ ապրելու վերաբերյալ տեսակետներում։
На страницах армянских периодических изданий Константинополя активно велись дискуссии относительно предложений Армянского национального дома и по Армянскому вопросу. Анализ публикаций ведущих армянских газет Константинополя приводит к заключению, что проблемы, связанные с судьбой Армянского национального дома и западных армян, были для них первостепенными. Дебаты по Армянскому вопросу занимали первые полосы. Публиковались интервью с европейскими дипломатами, ратовавшими за создание Армянского национального дома. В публикациях по Армянскому вопросу особое внимание уделялось точке зрения видных кемалистов и турецких журналистов, которые были опубликованы без комментариев. Газеты «Азатамарт» и «Жоговурди дзайн: Жаманак» отражали идеологию разных партий, однако все они были едины в вопросах, связанных с Геноцидом армян.
Discussions on the proposal of the Armenian National House on the Armenian question were quite active in the pages of Constantinople’s Armenian periodicals of that time. These problems were touched upon almost on daily basis. The analysis of the publications of the leading Armenian newspapers in Constantinople leads us to the conviction that the problems related to the fate of the Armenian National House and the Western Armenians were primary for them. The debates on the Armenian question were on the front pages. Pro-Armenian speeches, translations of interviews with european diplomats speaking in favor of establishing an Armenian National House were printed. The views of prominent representatives of the Kemal movement in relation to the issue were given space in the publications. "Chakatamart" and "Jhoghovurdi dzayny: Zhamanak" dailies, which represented ideologues of different parties, were in agreement with the fact of the Armenian Genocide.
Digitization in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Singh Ranjit
Published: January 2024

The Digitalization of education in India has gained momentum in recent years. Online education, e-books, and the use of digital content have increased access to education, especially in remote areas. Indian higher education has made great strides in digitalization. Many colleges and universities have adopted online courses, allowing students to access lectures, course materials, and distance learning. Virtual classrooms, e-learning, and digital libraries have become an integral part of higher education. Despite its benefits, digitalization also brings challenges, including issues such as digital justice, cybersecurity, and the need to train teachers to use digital tools effectively. Issues such as ensuring equal access to technology and connection problems in rural areas are important to ponder.
El marketing interno, satisfacción laboral y compromiso de los empleados en las empresas comerciales
Authors: Del Rosario Ángel Lizeth Anabel , Feijoo Jaramillo Irene María , Sarmiento Chugcho Carlos Bolívar , Ramón Ramón Dolores Isabel
Published: January 2024

El principal objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia entre el marketing interno la satisfacción laboral y compromiso empleados. Los resultados revelaron una (x2=172,55, G=-0,98, T=8.20, p˂.001), relación significativa lo que respalda a H1. En lo que respecta a H2, los resultados presentan una relación significativa (x2=198,06, G=0,99, T=8.31, p˂.001) siendo suficiente para respaldar H2. Los análisis mostraron que los valores Gamma están cercanos a 1 por lo que se concluye que los empleados valoran en sumo grado, la dedicación e importancia que le da su empresa para que se configure un ambiente de trabajo que contribuya con su satisfacción laboral.
Perceived importance of structural factors are associated with the selection of primary care by national health insurance participants
Authors: Nirmala Putu Nitya , Januraga Pande Putu , Indrayathi Putu Ayu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Primary care are the entry point for health services in an insurance-based health financing system, including the National Health Insurance Program or Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) in Indonesia. This study aims to understand the association between structural factors in health service management with primary care selection among JKN participants.

Methods: The study used a cross sectional analytic design, conducted with 273 self-paid JKN participants in Denpasar as respondents. The samples were selected using multistage random sampling. Data was collected from April to May 2018 with interviews using a questionnaire covering the characteristics of respondents and perceptions on the importance of health care facilities, the capabilities of health providers, service distance, operational time, availability of drugs and medical equipment. Data analysis was carried out with multinomial logistic regression to determine the structural factors of health service management associated with the selection of primary care.

Results: Most respondents (65.9%) chose private clinics, 21.3% chose public health centres (PHCs) and 12.8% chose individual practicing physicians. Multivariate analysis showed that the variables which significantly associated with the selection of primary care among JKN participants were the perceived importance of the health care facilities at PHCs and private clinics, each with AOR=7.83 (95%CI: 2.72–22.54) and AOR=7.18 (95%CI: 2.76–18.68), the perceived importance of the capability of health workers in private clinics with AOR=0.29 (95%CI: 0.12–0.77), the perceived importance of health service time in private clinics with AOR=2.67 (95%CI: 1.05–6.74) and  history of health services utilization at private clinics with AOR=4.51 (95%CI: 1.86–10.96).

Conclusion: Structural factors are associated with the selection of primary care among JKN participants. Attention to the quality and quantity of structural factors in the management of health services is important to improve the equitable distribution of JKN membership in the registered primary care.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Opportunity to Accelerate e-Health in Indonesia
Authors: Sutarsa Nyoman , Astuti Putu Ayu Swandewi , Choy Melinda , Moore Malcolm
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has catalysed the transformation of health care provision across the globe, including Indonesia. However, adopting and implementing e-health technologies in health care system has to be done gradually with careful planning and assessment to minimise negative consequences and to ensure equity. Strategies are required to address availability of basic infrastructure, broadband internet access, health system preparedness and acceptability from the community and health professionals. Promoting e-health also means transforming the overall landscape of health systems and the societal culture around health-seeking behaviour. It will not happen overnight, it takes time and substantial investment; but the process has to start now to leverage the ‘magic’ momentum presented by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Analysis of Public Health Centre Financing using the District Health Account (DHA) Model in Karangasem District, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Murniati Ni Nengah , Indrayathi Putu Ayu , Januraga Pande Putu
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: Health financing aspects of the public health centres (PHC) may influence the achievement of PHC’s programs and its minimum service standards (SPM). The District Health Account (DHA) is a model used to describe and evaluate health financing at the PHC level. The purpose of this study was to analyze health financing mechanism from both the government and national health insurance in the Karangasem District using the DHA Model.
Methods: This study was an evaluation research with a case study approach using the DHA Model. Evaluations were carried out at two PHC, Manggis II PHC and Abang I PHC, between March and April 2018. Data were collected from the Karangasem District Health Office and the PHCs. These include PHC realization data, report on program achievements and SPM. The research instrument used for the data collection and analysis was the DHA extraction form and pivot table which includes information on cost sources, financing managers, service providers, functions, programs, types of activities, budget lines, levels of activities and beneficiaries.
Results: We found the source of budget in both PHC was dominated by the district budget (APBD) and the national budget (APBN). The institutions which manage the budget and provide service were predominantly the Health Office and PHC. The most frequent financing functions was for governance and administration, while the largest types of activities covered was the indirect activities. Budget spending for operational costs was higher than for maintenance and investment. Realization of the activity for community program efforts (UKM) and prevention program (UKP) was lower than for the capacity building program.
Conclusion: The DHA model was able to identify patterns of health budget allocation by health agencies. The use of the DHA model to analyze health financing should be adopted routinely in order to provide evaluation reports for health agencies at the district level.
MÜSLÜMAN ŞAHSİYETİNİN KORUNMASINDA TAKVÂ KAVRAMI
Authors: İYİBİLGİN Orhan
Published: January 2024

Takvâ Allah’ın haram kıldıklarını terketmek, farz kıldıklarını yerine getirmektir. Başlangıçta cehennem korkusu veya cennet ümidiyle takvâlı davranışlara yönelen mü’min, Allah’ın rızasını ve sevgisini kazanma şevkiyle şüpheli şeylerden uzaklaşır hale gelmektedir. Bir insanın takvâlı olabilmesi için mü’min olması şarttır. İman olmadan yapılan davranışlar takvâ kapsamında değerlendirilemez.

İnanan, inandığı gibi yaşayan mü’min bu tutarlılığı ile gerçek müslüman şahsiyetini ortaya koymaktadır. İbadetleri yapma ve yasaklardan kaçınmanın yanında, sözünde durma, sabırlı olma, öfkeyi yenme, bağışlayıcı olma, günahlarda ısrar etmeme, tevbe etme gibi davranışlar da takvâ sahibi mü’minin kişiliğini şekillendirmektedir.

Yapılan ibadetlerin sürekliliği mü’min şahsiyetinin korunmasını sağlar. Aynı zamanda kâmil insan olma konusunda onu yönlendirir.

Muttakî olmak için yapılması ve sakınılması gerekenler Kur’ân ve sünnetle belirlenmiştir. Takvâ mü’minin dilerse yapacağı, dilerse terkedeceği davranışları ifade etmez. Bu nedenle Allah pek çok âyette mü’minlere takvâyı emretmiştir.

Takvâlı davranışlar mü’minin kişiliğini hem oluşturur, hem korur hem de kâmil insana doğru yükseltir. Bu da kendisini Cenâb-ı Hakkın vaadettiği cennete ulaştırır.
Kâdî Abdulcebbâr’ın Teolojisinde Eylem Metafiziğinin Teklifle İlişkisi
Authors: AYDIN Muhammet
Published: January 2024

Kelam ilmi hem çağdaşlarının dini akidelerini ispat etmeyi amaçlar hem de modern disiplinlerin verilerinden hareketle dini prensipleri daha da muhkem kılmayı amaçlar. Bir ilmi disiplinin çağdaşlarının düşünsel ihtiyaçlarını ve entelektüel meraklarını tatmin edebilmesini o disiplinin kendisini yenileme kabiliyetinde aramak gerekir. Diğer taraftan kişinin yükümlülük altında olması ya da teklife muhatap olması her dönemdeki insanı ilgilendiren önemli konulardandır. Yükümlülük konusu beraberinde kişinin eylem kapasitesini ve bununla doğrudan ilgili olan insanın özgürlüğü problemini gündeme taşımaktadır. Özgürlük sorunu insanı, varoluşundan beri meşgul eden temel sorunlardan birisidir. Mu’tezile ekolü, İslam geleneğindeki akılcı damarı temsil eden okullardan birisidir. Bu ekolün eylem metafiziğinde insana alan tanıyan girişimler bulunduğu gibi Sünni ekollerce Allah’ın mutlak kemaline ve sıfatlarına uygun görünmeyen bazı yaklaşımları da benimsediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada Mu’tezile’nin son dönemlerindeki en önemli isimlerinden olan Kâdı Abdulcebbâr’ın insan eylemlerine dair yaklaşımlarını yeniden bir okumaya tabi tutarak sünni kesim tarafından da dile getirilen eleştirileri dikkate almayı ve ekollerin yaklaşımlarını Kur’an üzerinden genel bir tasvirini yapmayı hedefledik. Hem Mu’tezilenin hem de Sünni ekollerin hassasiyetlerini hesaba katarak insan eylemlerinde insanın yetkinliğini daha sağlıklı bir temelde ele almaya çalıştık. Nitekim bununla insanın özgürlüğü ve denenmesi sorunu önemli ölçüde cevap bulmakta ve anlam kazanmaktadır.