bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and Validation of an Immune-Related lncRNA Prognosis Model for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Hui , Deng Xia , Zhang Jing , Tang Wanyan , Wang Ling , You Wenxin , Nian Weiqi
Published: November 2021

Background: Immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the development of cancer. This study aimed to identify immune-related lncRNAs in thyroid cancer (THCA) and to develop a prognostic model for THCA. Method: We downloaded immune-related gene sets from the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) website and obtained THCA gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune-related lncRNAs were then obtained by performing a correlation analysis on the expression of lncRNAs and immune-related genes. Prognostic model for THCA immune-related lncRNAs was developed though univariate Cox regression and multiple Cox regression analyses. We confirmed the results in clinical samples using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: A totally of 26 immune-related lncRNAs in THCA were obtained. Then we constructed a prognosis model composed of seven lncRNAs (LINC01614, AC017074.1, LINC01184, LINC00667, ACVR2B-AS1, AC090673.1 and LINC00900). Our model can be used as an independent prognostic factor. Principal component analysis displayed that the lncRNAs in the model can distinguish between high and low-risk groups. Clinical correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of AC090673.1 (P<0.05), LINC01184 (P<0.001), and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to disease stage, and LINC00900 (P<0.001) and LINC01614 (P<0.001) were related to T stage. We validated this model in cancer and paracancerous tissues from 24 THCA patients. Conclusion: We identified and experimentally validated seven immune-related lncRNAs that can serve as potential biomarkers for THCA prognosis.
The Mote in thy Brother’s Eyes - Fusarium Solani in Leukemia Host
Authors: AlAgha Rawan , Chan Wee Lee , Sheng Thong Edwin Wei , Lee Joanne , Ying Jen Wei , Chew Ka Lip , Samitasin Nares , Somani Jyoti
Published: November 2021

Fusariosis is increasingly seen among immunocompromised host. The organism is known for its virulence and spectrum of infections. Presenting here a case of relapse acute myeloblastic leukemia on chemotherapy with acute onset of red painful eye followed by widespread painful skin lesions. Microbiological and radiological investigations diagnosed her with disseminated fusariosis. Treatment was challenging in view its inherent resistance to multiple anti-fungal agents and the need for early aggressive source control. The case report reflects the importance of early diagnosis and combination chemotherapy to salvage the patient from high mortality.
Simulation of Data Losses, Nonlinearity and Modulation Impact in RPAS/UAV Swarms
Authors: Ilnytska Svitlana , Li Fengping , Grekhov Andrii , Kondratiuk Vasyl , Chao Jin
Published: November 2021

Intelligence of Remotely Piloted Air System (RPAS) swarms depends on reliable communications. The parallelism and distributed characteristics of swarm intelligence provide self-adapting and reliable capabilities. This article is devoted to the calculation of packet losses and the impact of traffic parameters on the data exchange with swarms. Original swarm models were created with the help of MATLAB and NetCracker packages. Dependences of data packet losses on the transaction size are calculated for different RPAS number in a swarm using NetCracker software. Data traffic with different parameters and statistical distribution laws was considered. The effect of different distances to drones on the base station workload has been simulated. Data transmission in a swarm was studied using MATLAB software depending on the signal-to-noise ratio, nonlinearity levels of base station amplifier, signal modulation types, base station antenna diameters, and signal phase offsets. The data obtained allows foresee the operation of RPAS communication channels in swarms.
Effects and Usefulness of Inspiratory Muscle Training Load in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer with Dyspnea
Authors: Sakai Yasunari , Yamaga Takayoshi , Yamamoto Shuhei , Matsumori Keiji , Ichiyama Takashi , Hanaoka Masayuki , Ikegami Shota , Horiuchi Hiroshi
Published: November 2021

Background

Patients with advanced lung cancer tend to develop dyspnea and the usefulness of non-drug therapy. On the contrary, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) exerts a relatively lower burden on patients; however, its usefulness has not been demonstrated. This study aimed to clarify the effects and usefulness of IMT in patients with advanced lung cancer with dyspnea.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 46 patients with advanced lung cancer hospitalized for medical treatment. The participants were categorized into the exercise therapy group, which served as control, and the IMT load + exercise therapy group, who performed IMT at a load of 30–40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in addition to exercise therapy.
Results

No patient dropped out owing to IMT load. The MIP variations had a significant interaction between group and period and that those in the IMT load + exercise therapy group increased, with significant differences between baseline and week 1, between week 1 and week 2, as well as between baseline and week 2. The analysis also demonstrated that the variations of dyspnea at rest and on exertion had a significant interaction between group and period and that those in the IMT load + exercise therapy group decreased with significant differences between baseline and week 1 as well as between baseline and week 2.
Conclusions

This study revealed that IMT load significantly improved MIP and dyspnea in patients with advanced lung cancer. In addition, the persistence rate of IMT in these patients was high.
Parent Hamiltonians of Jastrow wavefunctions
Authors: Beau Mathieu , del Campo Adolfo
Published: November 2021

We find the complete family of many-body quantum Hamiltonians with
ground-state of Jastrow form involving the pairwise product of a pair
function in an arbitrary spatial dimension. The parent Hamiltonian
generally includes a two-body pairwise potential as well as a three-body
potential. We thus generalize the Calogero-Marchioro construction for
the three-dimensional case to an arbitrary spatial dimension. The
resulting family of models is further extended to include a one-body
term representing an external potential, which gives rise to an
additional long-range two-body interaction. Using this framework, we
provide the generalization to an arbitrary spatial dimension of
well-known systems such as the Calogero-Sutherland and Calogero-Moser
models. We also introduce novel models, generalizing the McGuire
many-body quantum bright soliton solution to higher dimensions and
considering ground-states which involve e.g., polynomial, Gaussian,
exponential, and hyperbolic pair functions. Finally, we show how the
pair function can be reverse-engineered to construct models with a given
potential, such as a pair-wise Yukawa potential, and to identify models
governed exclusively by three-body interactions.
Mulheres sertanejas cordelistas e a organização de um espaço de fala no cordel feminino
Authors: Figueiredo Marina Dantas de , Teixeira Juliana Cristina , Feitoza Luciana Bandeira de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

O direito à fala, como direito de se expressar e ter sua narrativa e interpretação da realidade vivida considerada, tem sido historicamente negado ou dificultado a determinados grupos sociais. As mulheres sertanejas, sobre as quais interseccionam categorias de opressão, seguem lutando contra heranças da desigualdade estrutural de gênero,  que colocam o sertão brasileiro em condições estruturais subalternizadas. Nosso objetivo neste estudo é propor a ideia de ‘espaços de fala’ para analisar a busca por legitimação de formas de produção de conhecimento no âmbito das práticas cotidianas de enfrentamento de mulheres sertanejas cordelistas, na forma de expressões subjetivas coletivas ou individualizadas, especificamente no contexto da literatura de cordel. Para tanto, realizamos pesquisa qualitativa baseada em análise documental de cordéis e observação não participante para compreender como a prática literária de mulheres cordelistas se constitui enquanto espaço de fala.  Numa contribuição à teoria sobre lugar de fala, concluímos que a organização da literatura de cordel como ‘espaço de fala’ passa pela (1) apropriação feminina do cordel como meio de reivindicação, que assume a função de representação escrita da fala das mulheres sertanejas; (2) busca por reconhecimento das cordelistas, individualmente, na cena literária do cordel; e (3) relação com o ativismo político em torno das questões femininas e do vocabulário feminista.
NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN WATER USING INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA - SECTOR FIELD MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Guzmán Elizabeth , García José , Allende María , Mendoza Héctor , Gutiérrez Lázaro
Published: November 2021

Simultaneous analysis of radionuclides in water had not been performed by mass spectrometry of the magnetic sector. Some international organizations indicate that it is necessary to know the contamination of drinking-water, including radioactive aspects. The novelty of this study was to determine simultaneously radioisotope radium, thorium, uranium and lead stable. Experiments were performed in an accredited laboratory (International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission-7025:2005). The radionuclides of thorium, uranium and some of their descendants were obtained. The reported values are in the range of 7E-7-24.28 µg L-1. Their presence decreases in the order thorium>uranium>radium in drinking water and uranium>thorium>radium in seawater. These results do not represent any risk to the population because very low concentrations were determined.
Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Hydrochlorothiazide by a Carbon Dots-Based Probe via Inner Filtering Effect and Resonance Rayleigh Scattering
Authors: Ghafarloo Ali , Sabzi Reza , Samadi Naser , Hamishehkar Hamed
Published: November 2021

Synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from natural resources not only enables green synthesis and production of environmentally friendly materials, but also provides a cost-effective probe as a fluorescence nanosensor. The proposed sensor introduces a unique one-pot hydrothermal CDs synthesis from alfalfa leaves, which is promising for sensing hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) via inner filter effect (IFE) and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS). The as-prepared CDs had wide emission spectra, excitation-dependent emission, high solubility, high stability, and visible fluorescence light with a quantum yield of up to 11%. The absorption of HCTZ overlapped with the excitation spectra of CDs. Therefore, CDs represented excellent quenching due to IFE when HCTZ was gradually added. Furthermore, this fluorescent sensor was successfully used to quantify HCTZ in the linear ranges (0.17-2.50 μg mL-1) with the limit of detection of 0.11 μg mL-1. The sensing system was simple as no surface functionalization was required for CDs, leading to less laborious steps and more cost-effective synthesis. The reaction time was short, i.e., less than 2 min, indicating a simple approach for rapid analysis of HCTZ. By optimizing conditions, successful measurements were carried out on pharmaceutical tablets.
Critique of the new hero in cinema (L.Visconti) and literature (F.M.Dostoevsky)
Authors:   University of Tübingen, Grigor’eva Nadezhda Ia.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the philosophical basis of the figure of a new hero in literature and film. “New heroes” in selected literary and cinema works are compared within the context of existentialist philosophy and “philosophical anthropology”. Material for the comparative intertextual and intermedial analysis is the novel Demons by Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky and Luchino Visconti’s late films The Damned, Ludwig and Conversation Piece. The article attempts to broaden the intertextual horizon of research on Visconti by drawing new parallels between his films and Dostoevsky’s work. The work argues that the Italian filmmaker, follow ing the Russian writer of the 19th century and the European philosophers of the 20th century, criticises the “hero” who destroyed the old order on purpose to create a new one. Visconti’s revolutionary hero suffers from “the pathology of freedom” and refers to the figure of a nihilist from Dostoevsky’s novels, on the one hand, and to the figure of a sovereign in the philosophical and anthropological works of German and French writers of the 1930–50s, on the other. In his films The Damned, Ludwig and Conversation Piece, Visconti adopts not only a number of motifs from Dostoevsky but also replicates the main idea of the Russian writer who supposed that the enhancement of the human race was possible only after the second coming of Christ.
N.N. Strakhov, the journal Zarya and F.M. Dostoevsky’s works at the end of the 1860s
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Toichkina Alexandra V.
Published: November 2021

The article examines the significance of Nikolai Strakhov and the journal Zarya for Fyodor Dostoevsky’s works at the end of the 1860s, in particular, for the poetics of the story The Eternal Husband. Strakhov’s well-known review of Tolstoy’s novel War and Peace and the range of his writings on problems of psychology is analyzed in the article. The context of Strakhov’s works allow us to investigate the specifics of the mechanism for creating the image of an “eternal husband” in the writer’s story (the problem of the “predatory” and “meek” types) and consider the features of Dostoevsky’s psychological realism through the prism of Strakhov’s scientific developments, which have not yet been updated in Dostoevsky studies. Analysis of the poetics of dreams and the problem of will in the context of Strakhov’s objectively idealistic approach allows us to interpret them in accordance with the author’s modality of Dostoevsky’s creative laboratory. The study revealed the multidimensional character of the “eternal husband” type realized by Dostoevsky in the image of the Trusotsky type, which includes the typological features of the cuckold, the underground man and the dreamer. The conducted research makes it possible, at the present stage, to fill in the gaps that exist in the source study base of Dostoevsky studies.
Historical genre studies and the history of language: The place and role of text types in German and Russian historical linguistic research
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Karpov Vladimir I. , Toporova Tatiana V. ,   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2021

The article presents a critical analysis of both domestic and foreign works on text linguistics where researchers try to reveal a minimum classification unit. More specifically, the article focuses on the term “Textsorte”. While it is widely employed in German linguistics, its content is not clearly defined in the works of Russian and foreign scholars. Here, it is shown how the term is approached in different fields of research — in information aesthetics, semiotics, text theory, and historical linguistics. The article is aimed at assessing the potential certain text types, recorded in various periods of the life of language, have for an extended description of language history. The authors analyze texts of oral folklore, and namely charms. Therefore, works on the history and typology of folklore genres are taken into account and thoroughly reviewed. These are mainly linguistic genre studies and scrutinizing them provides an opportunity to touch upon problems pertinent to the research of text genres, to consider the discussion around “text genre” and “text type” in foreign and domestic linguistics, to define the place and role of given text types in historical linguistic and cultural studies, and to reveal both trends in researching folklore texts and the relationship of folklore with text linguistics. The authors come to the conclusion that a comprehensive description of a given text type allows one to formulate general principles of diachronically oriented research and make a significant contribution to the development of historical linguistics.
The name of a person in official communication of the 18th century (features of naming Pugachev in the documents of the 1770s)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Rudnev Dmitriy V.
Published: November 2021

On the example of naming Pugachev in various documents of the 1770s, where he played various social roles — the interrogated, imposter tzar, a person under investigation, the accused — the article examines the dependence of the form of officially naming a person based on his position in society, the type of document and the place of the name in the documentary text. Official anthroponyms of the 18th century began to oppose the forms of naming a person in unofficial communication. This process demonstrates the gradual alienation of official communication from live speech. The correct naming of a person in different types of documents required special skill and training and was a sign of inclusion in the official communication. The article analyzes changes in naming Pugachev in documents related to different stages of Pugachev’s Rebellion, and it is concluded that gradually in the documents of rebels, when choosing the forms of his naming, the number of deviations from the established official forms of anthroponyms decreases. The analysis of the documents related to the investigation of Pugachev reveals a number of serious deviations in his naming, which indicated that the authorities considered Pugachev’s crime as one of particular severity and they deprived Pugachev of the usual forms of official naming. The investigation documents usually used the contemptuous diminutive form of the name Emel’ka or the evaluative noun villain.
Revisiting polysemy/eurysemy/syncretism of Old French vocabulary: Specifics of the functioning of the adjective corteis
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Solovieva Maria V. , Nikitina Ekaterina Ya. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Timofeeva Evgeniia O. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: November 2021

The article addresses the problematics of the use of the qualitative adjective corteis in the Old French epic poems of the 12–13th centuries included in “Le petit cycle de Guillaume d’Orange”. This adjective characterizes its object as belonging to the royal court and implies a whole series of notions important for medieval consciousness. On the basis of this adjective, an abstract noun courtoisie is formed in the middle of the 12th century, which stands among the most important concepts of medieval culture. Its peculiarity is that in texts it can syncretically implement several meanings, becoming almost eurysemantic. Despite the fact that the issue of polysemy/eurysemy/syncretism has been covered in detail on the example of modern languages, the lack of research in terms of historical perspective determines the relevance of this study. Besides, the adjective corteis has not yet been examined by scholars from this angle. The authors of this article discovered that depending on animate/inanimate nature of the object, gender and social status of character, corteis syncretically implemented several meanings: “corresponding to court etiquette”, “glorious”; “brave”, “generous”, “polite”, “wise”; “noble”, “well-bred”, “beautiful”. In other words, corteis was syncretic both out of context and in texts. The methods of contextual and etymological analysis as well as elements of concept analysis as in works by Iu. Stepanov and V.Kolesov were used in the study.
Análise de Índices de Vulnerabilidade Física com uso de Geotecnologias na Região da Barreira do Inferno/RN
Authors: Eustáquio Amaro Venerando , Scudelari Ada Cristina , Souza de Oliveira Diego , Clemente de Lacerda Ivens Lorran , Alves de Matos Maria de Fátima
Published: November 2021

Este estudo apresenta a determinação de índices de vulnerabilidade física na região da Barreira do Inferno, Município de Parnamirim/RN. Os índices de Vulnerabilidade Natural (VN) e Vulnerabilidade Ambiental (VA) foram calculados por meio da análise estatística ponderada das classes temáticas de geomorfologia, declividade, solos, vegetação, geologia, uso e ocupação do solo. As variáveis temáticas foram avaliadas para redução da subjetividade e da dimensionalidade por meio do Processo Analítico Hierárquico e da Análise por Principais Componentes. Os resultados mostraram o domínio de classes de média, alta e muita alta vulnerabilidade em 75% e 79,1% da área total nos mapas de VN e VA, respectivamente. O Índice de Vulnerabilidade Costeira (IVC) à erosão foi estabelecido a partir de variáveis físicas e dinâmicas para três diferentes cenários futuros de mudanças climáticas do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças do Clima. O IVC em 100% da linha de costa (LC) é de baixa vulnerabilidade no cenário otimista. Na projeção pessimista 31% da extensão da LC está em vulnerabilidade média.
Uso da fotogrametria digital terrestre na classificação de maciços rochosos fraturados.
Authors: Sant'Anna Saulo Nunes , De Almeida Prado Bacellar Luis , Alameda-Hernández Pedro Manuel
Published: November 2021

O presente trabalho visa discutir o uso de métodos de aquisição de dados geotécnicos de maciços rochosos. A área de estudo é uma pedreira de brita desativada, localizada na cidade de Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brasil), onde afloram gnaisses migmatizados, com constante queda de blocos. Os métodos de aquisição empregados foram o tradicional mapeamento de talude e o levantamento remoto por fotogrametria digital terrestre. A classificação de maciços Slope Mass Rating (SMR) foi aplicada. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças nos ranges de detecção de estruturas e a fotogrametria se mostrou mais completa, com mais dados de descontinuidades do que o mapeamento tradicional, com exceção das estruturas oblíquas ao talude. Esta deficiência se explica pelo fato do talude estudado ser subvertical, sem reentrâncias e saliências, que permitem muitas vezes a detecção dos traços de descontinuidades e não dos planos. Contudo, mesmo nestes casos, a fotogrametria mostrou-se importante, por permitir a caracterização de todo talude, impossível pelo método tradicional. A classificação SMR mostrou baixos valores, indicando instabilidade por rupturas planares e em cunha do maciço em alguns pontos, o que coincide com as frequentes quedas de blocos.
„Per il vero bene della famiglia umana”: L’analisi sociologica ed etica sul Documento sulla fratellanza umana per la pace mondiale e la convivenza comune
Authors: Biały Stanisław
Published: November 2021

Artykuł ten to podjęta próba oceny, z punktu widzenia możliwości budowania pokojowych relacji społecznych, wydarzenia, jakim było podpisanie Dokumentu o braterstwie ludzkim dla pokoju światowego i wzajemnych relacji, w stolicy Emiratów Arabskich Abu Dhabi (Zabi) 4 lutego 2019 r. przez papieża Franciszka i  wielkiego Imama islamskiego uniwersytetu al.-Azhar w Kairze, Szejka Al-Azhara Ahmada Al-Tayyeba. Akt ten odbył się na konferencji poświęconej braterstwu ludzkiemu organizowanej przez Muzułmańską Radę Starszych (Muslim Council of Elders), założoną w 2014 roku, mającą za cel przełamanie podziałów i waśni w łonie islamu, a także obronę tej religii przed ekstremistami, oraz krzewienie przesłania ludzkich wartości i tolerancji. Niniejszy dokument, podpisany w kontekście zakładanych celów tego stowarzyszenia, jak i problematyki różnych aktualnych konfliktów religijnych (nie wykluczając aktów terroryzmu) - możemy uznać za akt epokowy. Jest on (w pewnym sensie) zwieńczeniem teologicznych przemyśleń i działań poprzednika papieża Franciszka – Benedykta XVI, który w swoim znamiennym wystąpieniu na uniwersytecie w Ratysbonie (6.09.2006 r. ), określił bardzo odważnie etyczno-teologiczne nieporozumienie, jakim jest uzurpowanie sobie prawa (w imię wyznawanego Boga) do szerzenia swojej religii nie wylkuczając przemocy, co muzułmanie nazywają dżihadem. Stwierdził bowiem, że przemoc jest rzeczą irracjonalną i że, jako taka, nie może odpowiadać naturze racjonalnego (i świętego) Boga, którego wyznajemy. Protesty, jakie wtedy się pojawiły w świecie muzułmańskim, dziś, w akcie tego podpisanego dokumentu, wydają się być już tylko echem niepotrzebnego niezrozumienia się pomiędzy dwoma wielkim religiami.

         Tym samym autor artykułu dochodzi do przekonania, iż należy mieć nadzieję, że niniejszy dokument posłuży pokojowi na świecie; tzn. układaniu pozytywnych relacji między chrześcijanami i muzułmanami. Nadto uważa, że należy wyrazić duży szacunek dla sygnatariuszy takiej bardzo ważne wzajemnej deklaracji. Jednakowoż (podkreśla), że dokument ten (chociaż bardzo ważny), sam w sobie niczego nie załatwi w poprawieniu stosunków między zwaśnionymi stronami, jak też nie zmieni myślenia ludzi, których nazywamy fundamentalistami (radykałami). Potrzebna jest dalsza wzajemna praca i wzajemne kontakty w trosce o jeszcze lepsze zrozumienie się i pojednanie. Chciałby niniejszym podkreślić, że ma rację P. Prüffer, który w swojej - wyżej wspomnianej - książce pisał o potrzebie czerpania przez współczesną socjologię (tj. teorię życia społecznego) z dorobku katolickiej doktryny społecznej. A to także oznacza, że nie możemy wykluczyć z tego dorobku kodyfikacji zawartych w KPK. Analizowany dokument, mówiący o wzajemnej tolerancji i braterstwie, jest niniejszem dobrym świadectwem potrzeby takiej wzajemnej współpracy.
Self-Assembly Mode and Supramolecular Framework of Cyclopentanocucurbit[6]uril and Aromatic Amines
Authors: Zheng Jun , Jin Yan Mei , Yang Xi Nan , Zhang Lin , Jiang Dao Fa , Zhao Wei Wei , Meng Ye , Gao Jie , Ma Pei Hua
Published: November 2021

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and
other characterization methods are used to characterize the complexes formed by cyclopentano-
cucurbit[6]uril (abbreviated as CyP6Q[6]) as a host interacting with p-aminobenzenesulfonamide
(G1), 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl (G2), and (E)-4,4'-diamino-1,2-diphenylethene (G3)
as guests, respectively. The experimental results show that these three aromatic amine molecules
have the same interaction mode with CyP6Q[6], interacting with its negatively electric
potential portals. The supramolecular interactions include non-covalent interactions of hydrogen
bonding and ion-dipole between host and guest molecules. CdCl2 acts as a structureinducing
agent to form self-assemblies of multi-dimensional and multi-level supramolecular
frameworks that may have potential applications in various functional materials.
A Revisit to Etiopathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Kumar Manish , Bansal Nitin
Published: November 2021

:

Dementia is a cluster of brain abnormalities that trigger progressive memory deficits and
other cognitive abilities such as skills, language, or executive function. Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
is the foremost type of age-associated dementia that involves progressive neurodegeneration accompanied
by profound cognitive deficits in advanced stages that severely hamper social or occupational
abilities with or without the involvement of any other psychiatric condition. The last two decades
witnessed a sharp increase (~123%) in mortality due to AD type dementia, typically owing
to a very low disclosure rate (~45%) and hence, the prophylactic, as well as the therapeutic cure of
AD, has been a huge challenge. Although understanding of AD pathogenesis has witnessed a remarkable
growth (e.g., tauopathy, oxidative stress, lipid transport, glucose uptake, apoptosis, synaptic
dysfunction, inflammation, and immune system), still a dearth of an effective therapeutic agent
in the management of AD prompts the quest for newer pharmacological targets in the purview of
its growing epidemiological status. Most of the current therapeutic strategies focus on modulation
of a single target, e.g., inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, glutamate excitotoxicity (memantine), or
nootropics (piracetam), even though AD is a multifaceted neurological disorder. There is an impedance
urgency to find not only symptomatic but effective disease-modifying therapies. The present
review focuses on the risk / protective factors and pathogenic mechanisms involved in AD. In addition
to the existing symptomatic therapeutic approach, a diverse array of possible targets linked to
pathogenic cascades have been re-investigated to envisage the pharmacotherapeutic strategies in
AD.
Recombinant Unique Cartilage Matrix-associated Protein
Potentiates Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization of
MC3T3-E1 Cells
Authors: Lee Yeon-Ju , Ju Hyeon Yeong , Park Seung-Yoon , Ihn Hye Jung , Park Eui Kyun , Kim Jung-Eun
Published: November 2021

Objective:

The relative balance of osteoblasts in bone formation and
osteoclasts in bone resorption is crucial for maintaining bone health. With age, this
balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is broken, resulting in bone loss. Anabolic
drugs are continuously being developed to counteract this low bone mass. Recombinant
proteins are used as biotherapeutics due to being relatively easy to produce on a large
scale and are cost-effective through various expression systems. This study aimed to
develop a recombinant protein that would positively impact osteoblast differentiation and
mineralized nodule formation using unique cartilage matrix-associated protein (UCMA).

Methods:

A recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-UCMA fusion protein was
generated in an E.coli system, and purified by affinity chromatography. MC3T3-E1
osteoblast cells and Osterix (Osx)-knockdown stable cells were cultured for 14 days to
investigate osteoblast differentiation and nodule formation in the presence of the
recombinant GST-UCMA protein. The differentiated cells were assessed by alizarin red S
staining and quantitative PCR of the osteoblast differentiation marker osteocalcin. In
addition, cell viability in the presence of the recombinant GST-UCMA protein was
determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)
assay and cell adhesion assay.

Results:

The isolation of both purified recombinant GST-only and GST-UCMA proteins
were confirmed at 26 kDa and 34 kDa, respectively, by Coomassie staining and western
blot analysis. Neither dose-dependent nor time-dependent presence of recombinant
GST-UCMA affected MC3T3-E1 cell viability. However, MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion to the
recombinant GST-UCMA protein increased dose-dependently. Osteoblast differentiation
and nodule formation were promoted in both MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells and Osxknockdown
stable cells when cultured in the presence of recombinant GST-UCMA
protein.

Conclusion:

A recombinant GST-UCMA protein induces osteogenic differentiation and
mineralization, suggesting its potential use as an anabolic drug to increase low bone
mass in osteoporotic patients.
Ternary System of Bacogenins with Fulvic Acid and Hydrogenated Soy Lecithin: Preparation, Characterization and,In vivoStudies
Authors: Gnananath Kattamanchi , Nataraj Kalakonda Sri , Rao Battu Ganga , Kumar Kolli Prabhanjan , Chandrasekhar Kommavari , Jain Pooja , Mirza Mohd. Aamir
Published: November 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to simultaneously enhance the solubility and stability of bacogenins hydrolyzed bacoside rich extract by a ternary system comprised of hydrogenated soy lecithin and a third auxiliary substance, fulvic acid.

Method:

Both ternary and binary complexes were prepared using the solvent evaporation method were characterized by Fourier transform infrared technique, differential scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscope. The entrapment efficacy in both binary and ternary system was calculated and the effect on the solubility, dissolution and stability of bacogenins was found out. Furthermore, the prepared complexes were subjected to behavioural pharmacological studies.

Results :

FTIR, DSC, and SEM studies in totality confirmed the formation of binary and ternary complexes. Enhancement in solubility was observed, and the order of release characteristics was found to be BHFS> BHSL>BHF> BH when the dissolution studies were carried out in 40% aqueous solution of ethanol. A significant improvement in the memory and antioxidant capacity was noticed in both binary, ternary complexes and fulvic acid treatment groups.

Conclusion:

The results revealed that the ternary complex could be a promising drug delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of the bacogenins.
An Insight on RNA Based Therapeutics and Vaccines: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Batra Kanisht , Maan Sushila , Sehrawat Anju
Published: November 2021

In this era, RNA molecules have provided a unique opportunity to researchers all over
the world for expanding their range of targets in the development of drugs. Due to the unique pharmacological
as well as physicochemical characteristics of different RNA molecules such as aptamers,
small interfering RNAs (siRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and guide RNAs (gRNA),
they have emerged recently as a new class of drugs. They are used for selective action on proteins
and genes that were not possible to target by conventional drug molecules. These RNA
molecules like guide RNAs are also components of novel gene editing mechanisms which can modify
the genome nearly in all cells. Vaccines based on RNA molecules have also provided a promising
alternative to conventional live attenuated vaccines. RNA based vaccines have high potency,
can be rapidly developed, and have potential for manufacturing at a cheaper rate and safe administration.
However, the application of these RNAs has been restricted by the high instability and inefficient
in vivo delivery. Technological advancement needs to overcome these issues so that RNA
based drugs targeting several diseases can be developed. This article emphasizes the potential of
RNA based drugs and the major barriers associated with the development of RNA therapeutics. Additionally,
the role of RNA based vaccines and their challenges in advancing this promising
vaccine platform for the prevention of infectious diseases have been discussed.
Association of Oxidative Stress with Neurological Disorders
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Noreen Hamsa , Rehman Shakila , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , da Rocha Joao Batista Teixeira
Published: November 2021

Background:

Oxidative stress is one of the main contributing factors involved in cerebral
biochemical impairment. The higher susceptibility of the central nervous system to reactive oxygen
species mediated damage could be attributed to several factors. For example, neurons use a greater
quantity of oxygen, many parts of the brain have higher concentraton of iron, and neuronal mitochondria
produce huge content of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, neuronal membranes have polyunsaturated
fatty acids, which are predominantly vulnerable to oxidative stress (OS). OS is the imbalance
between reactive oxygen species generation and cellular antioxidant potential. This may
lead to various pathological conditions and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as,
Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s diseases.

Objectives:

In this study, we explored the involvement of OS in neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods:

We used different search terms like “oxidative stress and neurological disorders” “free radicals
and neurodegenerative disorders” “oxidative stress, free radicals, and neurological disorders” and
“association of oxidative stress with the name of disorders taken from the list of neurological disorders.
We tried to summarize the source, biological effects, and physiologic functions of ROS.

Results:

Finally, it was noted that more than 190 neurological disorders are associated with oxidative
stress.

Conclusion:

More elaborated studies in the future will certainly help in understanding the exact mechanism
involved in neurological diseases and provide insight into revelation of therapeutic targets.
The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity
Authors: Sagor Md. Abu Taher , Smita Rafia Mehjabeen , Shuvo Anik Prasad Roy , Raihan Sabbir , Jahan Rajib , Simin Faria Anjum , Rahman Ashiqur , Biswas Soumick , Salem Liyad
Published: November 2021

:

Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are
responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy
metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency
in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout
the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral
deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses
on another, more “less discussed” form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution
to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication
but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral
insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes,
and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and
various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies
and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR
and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration,
and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that
may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect
mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities,
such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide,
and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
Does Insulin Use Worsen the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus? A Current Update
Authors: Wiyarta Elvan , Wisnu Wismandari
Published: November 2021

Background:

Background: Insulin has recently received special attention concerning its use in
COVID-19 patients. Although controversial, insulin can be able to worsen the prognosis of
COVID-19 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) through an inflammatory pathway.
This uncertain aspect brings a new perspective related to insulin use in this pandemic era. Objective:
We tried to collect and analyze various studies related to this issue to provide a complete picture
of the prognosis of insulin use in COVID-19 patients with T2DM.

Methods:

We comprehensively searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, EBSCO CINAHL,
MEDLINE, and grey literature databases for studies investigating the effect of insulin on
COVID-19 outcomes, including mortality, hospitalization, disease progression, other prognostic
surrogates. Records were screened against the eligibility criteria.

Result:

2556 articles were retrieved and were screened. A total of 8 studies were included in the final
analysis. There are no studies with solid evidence supporting the effect of insulin treatment on
the worsening of the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with T2DM. Although several studies have
shown that insulin is associated with a poor prognosis, most studies have not considered confounders.
This certainly makes it challenging to analyze the effects of insulin independently.

Conclusion:

We propose that COVID-19 patients with T2DM continue to receive insulin, but with
careful observation of the risk of disease progression.
Nanotechnology Applications in Plant Tissue Culture and Molecular
Genetics: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Al-Qudah Tamara , Mahmood Sami H. , Abu-Zurayk Rund , Shibli Rida , Khalaf Aya , Lambat Trimurti L. , Chaudhary Ratiram G.
Published: November 2021

:

Nanotechnology is one of the most important modern sciences that has integrated all sectors
of science. Nanotechnology has been applied in the agricultural sector in the last ten years in
pursuit of increasing agricultural production and ensuring food security. Plant biotechnology is an
essential science that is concerned with plant production. The use of nanotechnology in plant biotechnology
under controlled conditions has facilitated the understanding of important internal mechanisms
of the plant biological system. The application of nanoparticles (NPs) in plant biotechnology
has demonstrated an interesting impact on in vitro plant growth and development. This includes the
positive effect of the NPs on micropropagation, callus induction, somatic embryogenesis, cell suspension
culture, and plant disinfection. In addition, other biotechnology processes, including the
genetic transformation of plants, plant conservation, and secondary metabolite production have improved
by the use of NPs. Furthermore, nanotechnology is used to improve plant tolerance to different
stress conditions that limit plant production. In this review article, we attempt to consolidate the
achievements of nanotechnology and plant biotechnology and discuss advances in the applications of
nanotechnology in plant biotechnology. It has been concluded that more research is needed to understand
the mechanism of nanoparticle delivery and translocation in plants in order to avoid any future
hazardous effects of nanomaterials. This will be key to the achievement of magnificent progress in
plant nanobiotechnology.
Active Capsule Endoscope Robot: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Jiang Jingang , Yu Xiaoyang , Sun Yang , Song Shichang , Wu Dianhao
Published: November 2021

Background:

China is a big country with a vast territory, in which gastropathy has become
a common high-incidence disease in daily life. Gastroscopy is an important means of diagnosis
of gastropathy, but the use of a gastroscope causes a lot of pain to patients. A cable-free,
non-invasive and painless diagnosis and treatment tool, an active capsule endoscope robot, can
solve this problem very well. Capsule robot has become a new development hotspot.

Objective:

The study aims to provide an overview of the active endoscope capsule robot and introduce
its classification, characteristics and development.

Method:

This paper summarizes various scientific research achievements of the active endoscope
capsule robot. The structural characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of various active endoscope
capsule robots are introduced.

Results:

The active endoscope capsule robot has been analyzed and compared to other models. Its
typical characteristics have been summarized. The main problems in its development are analyzed,
its development trend is prospected, and the research status and future of active endoscope
capsule robot are discussed.

Conclusion:

The active capsule robot is classified into two categories: bionic and non-bionic. The
analysis shows that the capsule robot is an effective and safe initiative and has a very broad application
prospect for various gastrointestinal tests compared to gastroscope, and helps alleviate the
pain of patients.
Development of students' communicative culture in the context of artistic practices
Authors: Derkach Svitlana , Melnyk Myroslava , Fisher Volodymyr , Krypchuk Mykola , Chystiakov Oleh
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the research is conditioned upon the problem of developing a communicative culture among students, considering the influence of the artistic component, both its professional part and the social one, explained by the introduction of the presented artistic image into the life of the younger generation. The purpose of the article is to develop a model for the development of communicative culture among students. The leading method to investigate this problem is the B.I. Dodonov method, studying the emotional, motivational component of the personality, considering the emerging emotional background as a value on which the health and quality of life of a person depend. Depending on being in a certain artistic component, an individual has various experiences at the psycho-emotional level, which form a motivational environment for perceiving the world and the course of personal actions based on getting into various life situations. This model, based on artistic practices, creates conditions for the holistic development of the individual, aimed at preserving psychological and physical health, both personal and others, which is of practical importance for the education and well-being of society.
Actualización taxonómica de las algas pardas (Phaeophyceae, Ochrophyta) marinas bentónicas del Atlántico mexicano
Authors: García-García Annie May Ek , Cabrera-Becerril Ernesto , Núñez-Reséndiz María Luisa , Dreckmann Kurt M. , Sentíes Abel
Published: November 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Con excepción de las compilaciones de 2020 para algas rojas y la ficoflora en México, desde los catálogos previos al 2001, no se han realizado otros trabajos que involucren la revisión y actualización del estatus de las algas pardas en el Atlántico mexicano. El objetivo de este estudio fue integrar un listado de algas pardas del Golfo de México y el Caribe mexicano en el que se consideren todas las actualizaciones taxonómicas de 2001 a la fecha.
Métodos: Se consultó la literatura especializada para la región publicada de 2001 a septiembre de 2021 y la base de datos del Herbario UAMIZ para la integración de un listado ficoflorístico con datos de distribución. La sinonimia y el estatus nomenclatural de cada nombre, así como el sistema de clasificación utilizado, fueron revisados en AlgaeBase.
Resultados clave: Se obtuvo un listado actualizado con 97 especies y tres categorías infraespecíficas de algas pardas, distribuidas en nueve órdenes, 12 familias y 39 géneros. Del total, del 2001 al presente, 41 corresponden con adiciones a la flora, 24 son nombres actualizados, 10 son registros antiguos que no han vuelto a ser mencionados y 25 siguen siendo citados.
Conclusiones: Es evidente la necesidad de realizar estudios florísticos combinados con enfoques moleculares, que proporcionen un respaldo para un conocimiento más certero e integral de los recursos algales mexicanos y que posibiliten la incursión en estudios ecológicos o biogeográficos que permitan establecer propuestas de manejo sustentable o conservación.
Pengaruh Kepribadian Hardiness terhadap Turnover Intention
Authors: Chiesa A Muhammad Hafiz
Published: November 2021

Berdasarkan survei awal yang dilakukan oleh peneliti, ditemukan bahwa turnover intention dapat terjadi karena rendahnya tingkat hardiness pada karyawan. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepribadian hardiness terhadap turnover intention pada karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex-post facto. Penelitian ini dilakukan di CV. Yuasa Food Berkah Makmur Wonosobo. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan CV. Yuasa Food Berkah Makmur berjumlah 50 orang dan yang mengembalikan instrument berjumlah 35. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa skala turnover intention dan skala hardiness. Validitas instrumen tersebut diuji menggunakan expert judgement dan analisis butir sedangkan reliabilitasinstrumen diukur dengan menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach. Hasil pengukuran reliabilitas pada variabel turnover intention yaitu sebesar 0,880 dan pada variabel hardiness yaitu 0,882. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi sederhana, ditemukan bahwa hardiness berpengaruh terhadap turnover intention dengan nilai r= 0,316 dan R2= 10% yang berarti masih terdapat 90% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain. Oleh sebab itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepribadian hardiness mempengaruhi turnover intention.