bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anaplastic Large-cell Lymphoma Involving Gastrointestinal Tract: A Clinicopathologic Study of 25 Cases of a Rare Tumor at a Rare Site
Authors: Ud Din Nasir , Rahim Shabina , Ansar Zeeshan , Ahmed Arsalan , Ahmad Zubair
Published: December 2022

Background. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an uncommon lymphoma divided into anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive, ALK negative, and breast implant-associated (BIA) ALCL. Gastrointestinal tract involvement is very rare and may be difficult to diagnose. Its recognition is crucial as prognostic ramifications are different. Objectives. To describe clinicopathological features of ALCL involving the gastrointestinal tract. Materials and Methods. Slides were reviewed. Diagnosis was confirmed. Histological and immunohistochemical features were described. Results.Twenty-five tumors were diagnosed during the study period. Ages ranged from 14 to 65 years (mean 41 years). Mean age for ALK-negative and ALK-positive patients were 49 and 17 years, respectively. Twenty-one were males and 4 were females. Eighteen involved small intestine. Mean tumor size was 4.2 cm. All showed diffuse sheets of large anaplastic cells with pleomorphic nuclei, abundant pink cytoplasm, and strong positivity for CD30. Epithelial membrane antigen was positive in 17 tumors and keratin was negative in all. Eighteen tumors were ALK negative. Out of 14 patients with follow-up, 12 died within a few months of diagnosis. Seven had stage IE, 5 had stage IIE, and 2 had stage IV disease. Two patients were alive at 35 and 60 months. Twelve received chemotherapy. Conclusion. A marked male predominance was noted. Small intestine was the commonest site of involvement. Majority were ALK negative. ALK-negative tumors occurred in older patients and ALK positive in younger patients. Prognosis was poor. ALCL should be included in the differential diagnosis of anaplastic epithelioid cell neoplasms in the gastrointestinal tract.
Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma With Lymphomeningothelial Lesion of the Dura
Authors: Celepli Pınar , Taşcioğlu Tuncer , Ciman Yağmur , Erdem Yavuz , Çelik Haydar , Günhan Ömer
Published: December 2022

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) was first described as low-grade lymphoma associated with the stomach mucosa. Although the stomach and ocular adnexa are the most common localizations of MALT lymphoma, it has also been described in many other organs, including the head and neck, lungs, thyroid, breast, bladder, saliva glands, conjunctiva, and tear glands. MALT lymphoma originating from the dura is rare. The case is here presented of an 83-year-old female operated on with an initial diagnosis of acute subdural hematoma. In the histopathological examination, there was seen to be lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the dura and a lymphomeningothelial lesion. Immunohistochemically, low-grade MALT lymphoma showing B-cell phenotype was considered. This is the first reported case of lymphomeningothelial lesion in MALT lymphoma originating from the dura.
Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With Enteroblastic, Yolk Sac Tumor-Like, and Hepatoid Carcinoma Differentiation: A Rare Case and Literature Review
Authors: Shore Karen Tina , Phelps Kara Chan , Balani Jyoti , Mitchell James Michael
Published: December 2022

We report a case of a 65-year-old man with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma that microscopically consisted of a polymorphous blend of enteroblastic, yolk sac-like, and hepatoid carcinoma components of variable proportions. No histological evidence of Barrett's esophagus was identified. Two weeks post-endoscopic mucosal mass resection, the serum AFP level was 1434.6 ng/mL. The patient underwent radiation and chemotherapy but developed metastatic lung lesions. At 18 months post-resection, the patient is alive. AFP-producing esophageal adenocarcinoma is a rare entity. We reviewed reported cases for clinicopathological features, treatment strategies, and prognosis.
Deflection suppression of magnetically suspended momentum wheel with varying-frequency synchronous vibration
Authors: Liu Hu , Zhang Huijuan , Xiang Biao
Published: December 2022

The synchronous disturbance acting on the magnetically suspended momentum wheel (MSMW) would affect its suspension stability and control accuracy, so a varied-gain compound model is proposed to attenuate the synchronous disturbances of the MSMW with varying rotating frequencies. The disturbance frequency is varying with the rotating frequency of the MSMW, the gain and frequency of the disturbance observer are regulated to maintain the asymptotic stability, and the feedback gain of the state feedback is scheduled to avoid the complex repeated acquisition of control parameters. Finally, the numerical simulations and experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed varied-gain control model. The results indicate that the proposed control model could effectively attenuate the synchronous disturbances and maintain the asymptotic stability of the MSMW when the rotating speed changes.
Knowledge and practices about safe handling regarding the risk of exposure to antineoplastic drugs for caregivers in compounding units and in operating rooms performing HIPEC/PIPAC
Authors: Delafoy Clémence , Benoist Hubert , Patin Alex , Vasseur Michèle , Guillouet Sonia , Eveno Clarisse , Guilloit Jean-Marc , Odou Pascal , Simon Nicolas , Saint-Lorant Guillaume
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Ever since the late 1970s, occupational exposure associated with the handling of antineoplastic drugs (ADs) in the healthcare environment has been highlighted and demonstrated. Contamination was detected in both operating rooms (OR) and compounding units (CU), where healthcare workers handle and are exposed to ADs in different ways. In the OR, the risk of exposure is higher and the staff receives less training in handling ADs than in the CU. This study aimed to assess and compare knowledge and practices about the safe handling of ADs by caregivers working in these two locations, namely the CU and OR.

Methods

Two questionnaires (one each for the OR and CU) were created by two investigator pharmacists and were completed during a personal interview of 20 min. The questions were related to the following topics: training, knowledge about occupational exposure and questions related to protective practices. A scoring system was implemented to assess the knowledge and practices of each participant.

Results

In total, 38 caregivers working in the OR and 39 in the CU were included in our study. Significantly more CU staff had specific initial training ( p < 0.001) and ongoing training ( p < 0.001) in handling ADs. Concerning the knowledge score, OR caregivers had a significantly lower median score for contamination routes ( p < 0.001), contamination surfaces ( p < 0.001), existing procedures ( p < 0.001) and total knowledge ( p < 0.001) than CU caregivers. Concerning protective handling practices of ADs, the two locations had nonsignificantly different median scores ( p = 0.892).

Conclusion

This study suggests that there is still room for improvement in terms of knowledge and protection practices when handling ADs. An appropriate and tailored training program should be developed and provided to all caregivers who handle or come in contact with ADs. Clinical trial registration Study CONTACT, ref. 19-504.
Fermented unripe tomato paste – Development of innovative salad dressings as a contribution to circular economy
Authors: Simões Sara , Santos Rafaela , Sousa Isabel , Prista Catarina , Raymundo Anabela
Published: December 2022

As food trends evolve towards sustainable, healthy, and mildly processed products, it is essential to consider new food sources, which contribute to positive changes in the food industry and originate interesting new products. For the tomato industry, where only completely red tomatoes are used, unripe and non-red tomatoes constitute an important by-product, with important losses in the field of a perfectly edible vegetable food source. To give value to this unripe tomato, a fermentation with a consortium of lactic acid bacteria and yeast was previously optimized, originating an acidic pulp with optimized nutritional characteristics and great potential for salad dressing development. Pulp's texture was improved with two hydrocolloid systems: 0.5 g/100 g of xanthan gum; and a mixed system of xanthan gum and kappa-carrageenan (0.1 g/100 g each). After rheology optimization, spices and condiments were added to the thickened fermented pulp, and promising tasty sauces were obtained. These sauces were presented to a consumers’ panel, with good acceptance. The production of these new healthy sauces aims to mitigate unripe tomato waste, adding value to the tomato industry by using a major industrial by-product.
A New Synagogue, a Garrison Church, and a Mosque: How Religious (Re)Building Animates Religious and Secular Life in Postsocialist Potsdam
Authors: Becci Irene , Hafner Johann Ev.
Published: December 2022

In postsocialist Potsdam, religious diversity has risen surprisingly in public life since 1990 although more than 80% of the residents have no religious affiliation. City and state authorities have actively embraced issues around immigration and integration as well as the promotion of religious diversity and interreligious dialogue and have linked this to the agenda of rejuvenating the city’s religious heritage. For years, negotiations have been going on about the need of a mosque, the reconstructions of a synagogue and the so-called “Garrison Church,” a landmark military church building. These initiatives have been dominating the public space for different reasons. They implied, beyond religion, questions of memory, identity, immigration, and culture. This article puts these three cases into perspective to offer a nuanced understanding of the importance of religious spaces in secular contexts considering city politics.
Improving the decision to switch from first- to second-line therapy in multiple sclerosis: A dynamic scoring system
Authors: Sabathé Camille , Casey Romain , Vukusic Sandra , Leray Emmanuelle , Mathey Guillaume , De Sèze Jérôme , Ciron Jonathan , Wiertlewski Sandrine , Ruet Aurélie , Pelletier Jean , Zéphir Hélène , Michel Laure , Lebrun-Frenay Christine , Moisset Xavier , Thouvenot Eric , Camdessanché Jean-Philippe , Bakchine Serge , Stankoff Bruno , Al Khedr Abdullatif , Cabre Philippe , Maillart Elisabeth , Berger Eric , Heinzlef Olivier , Hankiewicz Karolina , Moreau Thibault , Gout Olivier , Bourre Bertrand , Wahab Abir , Labauge Pierre , Montcuquet Alexis , Defer Gilles , Maurousset Aude , Maubeuge Nicolas , Dimitri Boulos Dalia , Ben Nasr Haïfa , Nifle Chantal , Casez Olivier , Laplaud David-Axel , Foucher Yohann
Published: December 2022

Background:

In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), early identification of suboptimal responders can prevent disability progression.

Objective:

We aimed to develop and validate a dynamic score to guide the early decision to switch from first- to second-line therapy.

Methods:

Using time-dependent propensity scores (PS) from a French cohort of 12,823 patients with RRMS, we constructed one training and two validation PS-matched cohorts to compare the switched patients to second-line treatment and the maintained patients. We used a frailty Cox model for predicting individual hazard ratios (iHRs).

Results:

From the validation PS-matched cohort of 348 independent patients with iHR ⩽ 0.69, we reported the 5-year relapse-free survival at 0.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09–0.22) for the waiting group and 0.40 (95% CI 0.32–0.51) for the switched group. From the validation PS-matched cohort of 518 independent patients with iHR > 0.69, these values were 0.37 (95% CI 0.30–0.46) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.37–0.52), respectively.

Conclusions:

By using the proposed dynamic score, we estimated that at least one-third of patients could benefit from an earlier switch to prevent relapse.
The study of pleat geometry on the air filtration performance
Authors: Yit Jing Ee , Chew Bee Teng , Yau Yat Huang
Published: December 2022

Fibrous filter media is typically pleated to increase effective filtration area, but the pleat geometry could influence the filtration performance. The previous work focused on the pleat geometry numerically and mainly limited to the cartridge filters with small pleats while the study on the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) filters is limited. In this study, a full-size pleated fibrous air filter was used to investigate the effect of pleat geometry on the filtration performance experimentally with reference to the air filter test standard, ISO 16890. The pleat geometry was found to have an insignificant effect on the filtration efficiency. The optimum pleat ratios are 13.08–14.57 for minimum initial pressure differential and 9.96–11.75 for optimal specific resistance coefficient of dust cake, [Formula: see text]. The overall optimum pleat ratio range is 13.08–14.57 to obtain an optimal filtration performance at low initial pressure differential and low [Formula: see text] while attaining a high dust holding capacity. The findings of current work were obtained by a comprehensive study on the filtration performance including the clean and dust-loaded states of the HVAC filters, at the actual operating velocity and could be directly applied in the actual filter depth selection based on the AHU’s space limitation.
Bourdieu's habitus clivé in voicing, feeling, being Aboriginal
Authors: Andrews Julie , Burns Edgar , James Claire , Rajčan Adam
Published: December 2022

Bourdieu's concept of habitus clivé is discussed in relation to Aboriginal Australians’ experience within dominant White society. The argument is put forward that the concept can make an important contribution to illuminating Indigenous experience. At the same time there is an ever-present danger that habitus clivé becomes another tool for theorising about Aboriginal people, even if sympathetically, rather than a vehicle for Aboriginal expression of history, pain, suffering and contemporary aspirations. Growing recognition of the value of Aboriginal culture, art and ways of knowing is desirable and a positive part of present shifts in Australian cultural identities. Changing cultural tastes and an aesthetic sense beyond co-option of place involves telling and re-telling many difficult stories with Aboriginal experiences at the centre and learning to embrace what we hear.
Market shaping through controversial innovation
Authors: Ben-Slimane Karim , Fessi Lilia
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we examine market-shaping literature that investigates how markets evolve over time. We focus on how controversial innovations gain acceptance as the result of the intentional strategies put into place by companies. We’ve carried a qualitative research based on secondary data collected from several online sources. Our study describes how a new packaging, can, had been introduced to the highly conservative market of wine in France. Our findings shed light on the opportunity for practitioners to implement controversial innovation in conservative markets and introduce a set of strategies to achieve such purpose.
Integration of CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) for COVID-19 community pharmacy vaccination in children: Effect on implementation outcomes
Authors: Taddio Anna , Morrison James , Gudzak Victoria , Logeman Charlotte , McMurtry C. Meghan , Bucci Lucie M. , Shea Christine , MacDonald Noni E. , Yang Molly
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Community pharmacists report that providing vaccinations can be challenging, particularly if the vaccine recipient is a child, because of heightened levels of fear. The objective of this study was to determine acceptability and feasibility of the CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) system as a vaccination delivery framework for children receiving COVID-19 vaccinations in a community pharmacy setting. CARD incorporates evidence-based interventions that reduce fear and immunization stress-related responses in vaccine recipients and was demonstrated to be effective and feasible in other vaccination settings providing vaccinations to children and adults.

Methods:

This mixed-methods study involved 5 independent pharmacies (with 6 vaccinators) offering COVID-19 vaccinations to children between 5 and 11 years of age. Vaccinating staff and implementation leads from the pharmacy organization participated in a small-scale CARD implementation project (before-and-after design). Afterwards, they filled in quantitative surveys and provided qualitative feedback about their perceptions and experiences in focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analyzed deductively, using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Results:

The study was conducted between January 16 and March 20, 2022. Across both quantitative and qualitative measures, vaccinating staff reported positive attitudes about CARD and alignment with their professional roles. They reported that CARD reduced children’s fear and improved the vaccination experiences in children and parents and for themselves. Vaccinators reported increased confidence due to CARD. They reported compatibility of CARD interventions within their practice and that it was time neutral. They maintained use of some interventions after the study. They also provided suggestions and shared concerns about fidelity and future feasibility of continuing various components of the program.

Conclusion:

CARD was demonstrated to be acceptable and feasible by vaccinators performing vaccinations in children in community pharmacies.
Understanding quality of life in people with complex and multiple communicative disabilities: A narrative overview of the empirical research literature
Authors: Wolters-Leermakers Nina , Van den Bogaard Kim J. H. M. , Prins Merel
Published: December 2022

The fundamental characteristics of quality of life (QoL) are considered the same for all people. However, the relative importance of QoL domains may vary for specific populations. No studies have focused on understanding QoL for people with intellectual disabilities with additional communicative disabilities (developmental language disorder or hearing impairment), who experience complex and multiple communicative disabilities (CMCD). This study provides a narrative overview of QoL domains and indicators for this population, highlighting the role of communication. The 16 selected studies proved to be heterogeneous in study design, objective and conceptualization of QoL. The eight domains of QoL by Schalock and Verdugo (2002) are recognized, but few studies specify the importance of communication related to QoL for people with CMCD. The current overview attempts to emphasize not only the indirect role of communication for every QoL domain, but also the importance of acknowledging communication as a prerequisite for QoL in general.
Specificity Versus Generality: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Association Between Trait Disgust Sensitivity and Moral Judgment
Authors: Donner Michael R. , Azaad Shaheed , Warren Garth A. , Laham Simon M.
Published: December 2022

Disgust seems to play an important role in moral judgment. However, it is unclear whether the role of disgust in moral judgment is limited to certain kinds of moral domains (versus many) and/or certain types of disgust (versus many). To clarify these questions, we conducted a multilevel meta-analysis ( k = 512; N = 72,443) on relations between trait disgust sensitivity and moral judgment (disgust-immorality association). Main analyses revealed a significant overall mean disgust-immorality association ( r = .23). Additionally, moderator analyses revealed significant specificity in disgust type and moral domain (grounded in Moral Foundations Theory): effects were stronger for (a) sexual disgust compared to pathogen disgust, (b) sanctity moral judgments compared to other domains of moral judgments, and (c) sexual-sanctity associations compared to other disgust type-moral domain pairings.
Development of an innovative method for evaluating a network of collective defensive interactions in football
Authors: Pacheco Rui , Ribeiro João , Couceiro Micael , Davids Keith , Garganta Júlio , Marques-Aleixo Inês , Nakamura Fábio , Casanova Filipe , González-Víllora Sixto
Published: December 2022

Social network analysis (SNA) has been increasingly applied to performance analytics in team sports, seeking to better understand the dynamic properties of competitive interactions. Despite considerable potential to analyze individual (micro) and team (macro) behavioral patterns of play, there are important limitations that can undermine the potential applicability of SNA. One important limitation in existing research is the lack of network analyses of defensive interactions, curtailing understanding of the functionality and adaptability of teams during competitive performance. This study developed an innovative network method for assessing interactions between players in defensive phases of play in football. The networking method was evaluated using a small-sided and conditioned game (SSCG; GK+7v7+GK) of 20 min duration (two halves of 10 min each, interspersed by 5 min intervals of active recovery). The method traced interactions between groups of three players (effective defensive triangulations) as network nodes, weighted according to the number of passes performed by the attacking players. Results showed how this social network analysis method may provide researchers, coaches and performance analysts with relevant information regarding the functional properties of teams in the defensive phase of the game. For instance, coaches and performance analysts can evaluate the geometry of a team’s defense, with players engaged in effective triangular-shaped positioning, that allowed them to provide defensive cover and balance, to protect the goal and recover ball possession.
Surgical treatment options for articular cartilage defects of the glenohumeral joint: A systematic review
Authors: Dagher Danielle , Selznick Asher , Prada Carlos , Al Shehab Yasser , Leroux Timothy , Khan Moin
Published: December 2022

Background

Many joint-preserving surgical interventions for cartilage defects of the knee have been adapted for use in the shoulder; however, there still exists no clear consensus for treatment. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the outcomes of different interventions in patients with focal chondral lesions of the glenohumeral joint.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Medline. Patients who underwent a joint-preserving surgical procedure to treat a focal chondral defect of the glenoid, humeral head or both were included. Patients treated for diffuse cartilage defects or with shoulder arthroplasty were excluded.

Results

Ten studies were included, with follow-up data available for 194 shoulders. Eight joint-preserving procedures were evaluated, with microfracture being the most common. One study evaluating microfracture reported significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes at short-term and long-term follow-up compared to preoperative scores. Across all studies, 32 patients underwent subsequent shoulder surgery, with 22 being arthroplasties.

Conclusions

We found improvements in patient-reported and functional outcomes across all studies. Although joint-preserving procedures have shown reasonable outcomes for focal chondral defects of the glenohumeral joint, long-term outcomes remain unknown, and the progression of osteoarthritis remains a concern. Higher quality evidence is required to make definitive recommendations.

Level of Evidence

IV
Drug Interference in Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and the Impact on Patient Safety: We Can Only Guard Against What We Are Looking for
Authors: Hauss Oliver , Hinzmann Rolf , Huffman Brian
Published: December 2022

Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a key aspect of diabetes management. Depending on the technology used, however, various substances can jeopardize the reliability of the measurements and precipitate complications with potentially life-threatening consequences when blood glucose was deemed well-controlled. As such, it is important for all involved to be aware of those factors. Officially suggested procedures for testing and alternatives have each their own advantages and limitations, and interferences may be found beyond the substances to be tested provided by the various pertinent institutions. This article reviews these pros and cons and illustrates how interference testing beyond established standards contributes to patient safety. Once identified, interfering substances are included in product labeling and healthcare professionals and users need to be trained to be aware of these risks.
Retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of teledentistry approach during COVID-19 in pediatric dentistry: A parental perspective
Authors: Abaklı İnci Merve , Korkut Emre , Koç Merve , Tüzüner Tamer
Published: December 2022

Objective

Dentistry necessarily requires close face-to-face contact with patients, so it was largely halted during the COVID-19 pandemic. During this pandemic, teledentistry (TD) could be a novel way to resume dental practice. It was aimed to investigate the satisfaction of the parents who received teledentistry (TD) service in a pediatric dentistry clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other factors that may have contributed to this satisfaction.

Methods

It was conducted using a telephone survey to interview the parents who used the TD system between June and December 2020. The survey includes participant demographics, COVID-19 anxiety, TD system, reasons for using TD, and Internet use in the field of health. Five-point Likert scale was used. A Chi-squared test was used and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant.

Results

Most of the participants stated that they had no trouble connecting to the TD system (82.5%), and 119 participants reported that the system helped them to solve their health problems. Significant relationships ( p < 0.05) were found between overall satisfaction and parental job, level of education, anxiety level (3 questions), and use of the Internet in healthcare (4 questions), whereas no associations were found regarding the other variables ( p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Parents benefited greatly from the TD system and would be open to using it after the pandemic. The education and parental job categories of parents, anxiety level, and use of the Internet in healthcare seem to have relationships with overall satisfaction.
Whose Signals Are Being Amplified? Toward a More Equitable Clinical Psychophysiology
Authors: Bradford Daniel E. , DeFalco Angelica , Perkins Emily R. , Carbajal Iván , Kwasa Jasmine , Goodman Fallon R. , Jackson Felicia , Richardson Lietsel N. S. , Woodley Nina , Neuberger Lindsay , Sandoval Jennifer A. , Huang Helen J. , Joyner Keanan J.
Published: December 2022

Research using psychophysiological methods holds great promise for refining clinical assessment, identifying risk factors, and informing treatment. Unfortunately, unique methodological features of existing approaches limit inclusive research participation and, consequently, generalizability. In this brief overview and commentary, we provide a snapshot of the current state of representation in clinical psychophysiology with a focus on the forms and consequences of ongoing exclusion of Black participants. We illustrate issues of inequity and exclusion that are unique to clinical psychophysiology and consider intersections among social constructions of Blackness and biased design of current technology used to measure electroencephalography, skin conductance, and other signals. We then highlight work by groups dedicated to quantifying and addressing these limitations. We discuss the need for reflection and input from a wider variety of affected individuals to develop and refine new technologies given the risk of further widening disparities. Finally, we provide broad recommendations for clinical-psychophysiology research.
The Role of Personality in the Mental and Physical Health of World Trade Center Responders: Self-Reports Versus Informant-Reports
Authors: Oltmanns Joshua R. , Ruggero Camilo , Miao Jiaju , Waszczuk Monika , Yang Yuanyuan , Clouston Sean A. P. , Bromet Evelyn J. , Luft Benjamin J. , Kotov Roman
Published: December 2022

Personality is linked to important health outcomes, but most prior studies have relied on self-reports, making it possible that shared-method variance explains the associations. In the present study, we examined self-reports versus informant-reports of personality and multimethod outcomes. World Trade Center (WTC) responders and informants, 283 pairs, completed five-factor model personality measures and multimethod assessments of stressful events, functioning, mental disorders, 9/11-related treatment costs, body mass index (BMI), and daily activity across 3 years. Self-reports were uniquely related to stressful events and functioning. Both self-reports and informant-reports showed incremental validity over one another for mental disorder diagnoses and treatment costs. For objective outcomes daily activity and BMI, informant-reports showed incremental validity over self-reports, accounting for all self-report variance and more. The findings suggest that informant-reports of personality provide better validity for objective health outcomes, which has implications for understanding personality and its role in mental and physical health.
Behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs for Indonesian children with stunting: Related culture, family support, and mother’s knowledge
Authors: Wiliyanarti Pipit Festi , Wulandari Yuanita , Nasrullah Dede
Published: December 2022

Background:

Stunting in children has adverse consequences such as a decrease in cognition, language, and academic performance. Most of the children in Indonesia were diagnosed with stunting. The aim of this study was to measure factors affecting behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs among children under the age of 5 years with stunting.

Design and method:

This study used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from mothers who had children under the age of 5 years (6–48 months) in Talang village, Pamekasan Regency, Madura using a self-report questionnaire. The total sample in this study was 120, selected using a random sampling technique. The independent variables were maternal characteristics, culture, family support, and mother’s knowledge, while the dependent variable was the behavior in fulfilling nutritional needs among children. We used a self-report questionnaire to measure variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors affecting the behavior of fulfilling nutrition interventions. We used a statistical significance p < 0.05.

Results:

Culture, family support, and knowledge were factors that affecting behavior of fulfilling nutritional needs among children under the age of 5 years with stunting, 0.279 (OR = 0.279, 95% CI: 0.084-0.920, p = 0.036); (OR = 2.435, 95% CI: 1.270-4.667, p = 0.007; OR = 4.860, 95% CI: 1.548-15.261, p = 0.724), respectively.

Conclusion:

Behavioral in Fulfilling nutritional needs determines the health status of children. Therefore, the awareness of parents, knowledge, and multisectoral is needed to prevent stunting among children.
COVID-19 and protection of vaccination in patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Panopoulos Stylianos , Tzilas Vasilios , Bournia Vasiliki-Kalliopi , Karamanakos Anastasios , Laskari Katerina , Bouros Demosthenes , Tektonidou Maria , Sfikakis Petros P.
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

Data on COVID-19 in patients with interstitial lung disease are scarce and whether SARS-CoV-2 may trigger interstitial lung disease progression remains unknown. We aimed to analyze outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease, including possible thoracic radiographic progression.

Patients and Methods:

All 43 patients with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease followed in our center (mean ± SD, 55.2 ± 11.6 years, 36 female) with confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection up to 1 September 2022 were analyzed. Individual interstitial lung disease extent on high resolution CT (HRCT) performed before (up to 3 months) and after COVID-19 (2–5 months) was compared.

Results:

At SARS-CoV-2 infection, 9/43 patients were unvaccinated, whereas 5, 26, and 3 had received 2, 3, or 4 doses of an mRNA vaccine, respectively. Thirty-one patients were either on monotherapy with immunosuppressives (mycophenolate, n = 7; cyclophosphamide, n = 2; methotrexate, n = 10; tocilizumab, n = 7; rituximab, n = 1; etanercept, n = 1), or their combinations ( n = 3). Eight patients (20%), of whom four unvaccinated, required hospitalization for pneumonia and three (7%) died of acute respiratory failure ( n = 2, both unvaccinated) or cardiac arrest. Lack of vaccination was the only independent predictor for hospitalization (OR = 7.98, 95% CI: 1.25–51.09) and marginally for death (OR = 32.7, 95% CI: 0.97–1110.98), regardless of the presence of diffuse systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease extent greater than 20% or immunosuppressive treatment. In 22 patients with available HRCT pairs (vaccinated = 20), the interstitial lung disease extent before COVID-19 (20.4%± 17.8%) remained unchanged (22.4% ± 18.5%) in all but one patient.

Conclusion:

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is of outmost importance for every systemic sclerosis patient with interstitial lung disease. COVID-19 does not seem to promote progression of systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease in vaccinated patients, but further studies are warranted.
Situating Democracy in Ambedkar’s Moral Discourse
Authors: Telang Sangharsh , Kudupale Mayur
Published: December 2022

This article aims to look at the idea of moral democracy in Ambedkar and his reconstruction of democracy as a ‘way of life’. Much of the work on Ambedkar’s idea of democracy has been significantly understood within the context of social, political and economic democracy. This article asks a different question: what could be a moral foundation of democracy in Ambedkar’s thought? His engagement with democracy addresses the issue of caste and injustice in Indian society. A moral approach to Ambedkar’s thought may guide us to understand his path towards democracy. This article explores Ambedkar’s notion of everyday democracy, which is foregrounded in his last work Buddha and His Dhamma. For him, democracy is thoroughly grounded on the concept of Dhamma as a righteous relation between people in every sphere of life.
Using coupled people-gravity coordination as a measurement method and optimization strategy for urban integration: Use the Wuhan metropolitan area as an illustration
Authors: Qiang Niu , Canhe Zhang , Lei Wu , Junbo Zhang
Published: December 2022

Inter-city population movement and attractiveness are two crucial representations for their examination. Measurement of coordination and structural optimization within urban integration zones are vital subjects in the context of regional integration. In order to measure the degree of coordination between population flow and attractiveness among cities in urban integration areas, this paper first combines the gravitational force model and the coupling coordination degree model; it then uses the urban integration areas around Wuhan as an example and analyzes the population flow and coordination between Wuhan and the neighboring cities based on the multi-year Unicom signaling data. In a targeted manner, it offers the optimization plan for each city based on the amount of cooperation. The results show that: (1) there is a significant difference between Wuhan and its neighboring cities in terms of population flow intensity, and (2) Wuhan’s urban integration areas’ overall coordination of population flow is unsatisfactory, with 23.08%, 46.15%, and 30.77% of the total number of cities demonstrating high, medium, and low coordination of population flow and urban attractiveness respectively. Based on the degree of flow coordination, four different types of development methods are provided to meet the development needs of various districts: all-around deep and coordinated development, increased flow intensity, increased attraction strength, and increased flow intensity and attraction strength. This research will help advance research on the coordination level of urban integration areas, utilize big data in territorial spatial planning systems, and support strategic decision-making in metropolitan areas.
Outcomes following posttransplant virus-specific T-cell therapy in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Kinoshita Hannah , Mandava Mamatha , Jensen-Wachspress Mariah , Lang Haili , Joy Elisabeth , Tanna Jay , McCann Chase D. , O’Brien Samuel , Burnett Sianna , Shibli Abeer , Hoq Fahmida , Bhatia Monica , Hanley Patrick J. , Dávila Saldaña Blachy , Mahadeo Kris M. , Bollard Catherine M. , Keller Michael D. , Abraham Allistair
Published: December 2022

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being increasingly used as a curative approach for sickle cell disease (SCD). With the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), especially in the human leukocyte antigen−mismatched donors, intense immunosuppression is required leading to an increased risk of viral infection. Post-HSCT, adoptive transfer of virus-specific T-cell (VST) therapies have not been well-studied in patients with SCD. Here, we report the outcomes of patients with SCD at a single-center who received VSTs after transplant to prevent or treat viral infections. Thirteen patients who received HSCT from human leukocyte antigen-matched (n = 9) or -mismatched (n = 4) donors for SCD were treated with a total of 15 VST products for the treatment or prophylaxis of multiple viruses (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, adenovirus, BK virus, human herpes virus 6 +/− human parainfluenza virus 3). Of the patients evaluated, 46.2% (n = 6)) received VSTs as treatment for viral infection. Eighty percent of patients with active viremia (n = 4/5) achieved remission of at least 1 target virus. Seven additional patients (53.8%) received VSTs prophylactically and 6 of 7 (85.7%) remained virus-free after infusion. No immediate infusion-related toxicities occurred, and severe de novo acute GVHD occurred in only 2 (15.4%) patients. Given the good safety profile, high-rate of clinical responses and sustained remissions when administered with standard antiviral treatments, the routine use of VSTs after HSCT as prophylaxis or treatment may improve the overall safety of transplant for patients with SCD.
Dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation synergistically suppresses tumor cell growth in ATL
Authors: Kurahashi Yuki , Watanabe Tatsuro , Yamamoto Yuta , Ureshino Hiroshi , Kamachi Kazuharu , Yoshida-Sakai Nao , Fukuda-Kurahashi Yuki , Yamashita Satoshi , Hattori Naoko , Nakamura Hideaki , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Ushijima Toshikazu , Sueoka Eisaburo , Kimura Shinya
Published: December 2022

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a malignancy of mature CD4+ T cells caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)–induced T-cell transformation. After infection with HTLV-1, it takes several decades for HTLV-1 carriers to develop ATL. The prognosis of ATL remains poor despite several new agents being approved in the last few years. Recently, it has been noted that epigenetic abnormalities, both DNA methylation and trimethylation at histone H3Lys27 (H3K27me3), contribute to ATL leukemogenesis. Here, we investigated the effect of combination treatment with DNA demethylating agents (azacitidine [AZA], decitabine (DAC), and OR-2100 (OR21), which is a silylated derivative of DAC) and inhibitors of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) (EPZ-6438 and DS-3201b), which catalyze trimethylation of H3K27, in ATL. The combination of DAC and OR21 but not AZA with EZH inhibitors exhibited synergistic anti-ATL effects in vitro and in vivo, concomitant with DNA demethylation and reduction of H3K27me3. The combination induced gene expression reprogramming. Dual-specificity phosphatase 5 (DUSP5), an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)–specific phosphatase, was identified as a key molecule that mediated the inhibitory effect of combination treatment by inactivating the ERK signaling pathway. DUSP5 was downregulated by DNA methylation and H3K27me3 accumulation in the promoter region in HTLV-1–infected cells from patients with ATL during ATL leukemogenesis. The present results demonstrate that dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation synergistically suppresses tumor cell growth by restoring DUSP5, and that dual targeting of aberrant DNA and histone methylation is a feasible therapeutic approach for ATL.
Ceramide induces pyroptosis through TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway in HUVECs
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Zhang Yangyang , Shi Yining , Xiong Kai , Wang Fugui , Yang Jin
Published: December 2022

Background

Pyroptosis of endothelial cells is a new cause of endothelial dysfunction in multiple diseases. Ceramide acts as a potential bioactive mediator of inflammation and increases vascular endothelial permeability in many diseases, whether it can aggravate vascular endothelial injury by inducing cell pyroptosis remains unknown. This study was established to explore the effects of C8-ceramide (C8-Cer) on human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its possible underlying mechanism.

Methods

HUVECs were exposed to various concentrations of C8-Cer for 12 h, 24 h, 48 h. The cell survival rate was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Western blotting and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the pyroptosis-releated protein and mRNA expressions, respectively. Caspase-1 activity assay was used to detect caspase-1 activity. Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide double staining and flow cytometry were adopted to measure positive staining of cells. Lactate dehydrogenase release assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were adopted to measure leakage of cellular contents. FITC method was used to detect the permeability of endothelial cells. ROS fluorescence intensity were detected by flow cytometry.

Results

The viability of HUVECs decreased gradually with the increase in ceramide concentration and time. Ceramide upregulated the expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NLRP3, GSDMD, GSDMD-NT, caspase-1 and Casp1 p20 at the protein and mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. It also enhanced the PI uptake in HUVECs and upregulated caspase-1 activity. Moreover, it promoted the release of lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18. Meanwhile, we found that ceramide led to increased vascular permeability. The inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, MCC950, was able to disrupt the aforementioned positive loop, thus alleviating vascular endothelial cell damage. Interestingly, inhibition of TXNIP either chemically using verapamil or genetically using small interfering RNA (siRNA) can effectively inhibit ceramide-induced pyroptosis and improved cell permeability. In addition, ceramide stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The pretreatment of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), ROS scavenger, blocked the expression of pyroptosis markers induced by C8-cer in HUVECs.

Conclusion

The current study demonstrated that C8-Cer could aggravate vascular endothelial cell damage and increased cell permeability by inducing cell pyroptosis. The results documented that the ROS-dependent TXNIP/NLRP3/GSDMD signalling pathway plays an essential role in the ceramide-induced pyroptosis in HUVECs.
Home health care professionals’ experiences of working in integrated teams during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative thematic study
Authors: Emmesjö Lina , Hallgren Jenny , Gillsjö Catharina
Published: December 2022

Background

Since COVID-19 emerged, over 514 million COVID-19 cases and 6 million COVID-19-related deaths have been reported worldwide. Older persons receiving home health care often have co-morbidities that require advanced medical care, and are at risk of becoming severely ill or dying from COVID-19. In Sweden, over 10,000 COVID-19-related deaths have been reported among persons receiving municipal home health and social care. Home health care professionals have been working with the patients most at risk if infected. Most research has focused on the experiences of professionals in hospitals and assistant nurses in a home care setting. It is therefore valuable to study the experiences of the registered nurses and physicians working in home health care during the COVID-19 pandemic to learn lessons to inform future work.

Method

A thematic qualitative study design using a semi-structured interview guide.

Results

The health care professionals experienced being forced into changed ways of working, which disrupted building and maintaining relationships with other health care professionals, and interrupted home health care. The health care professionals described being forced into digital and phone communication instead of in-person meetings, which negatively influenced the quality of care. The COVID-19 pandemic brought worry about illness for the health care professionals, including worrying about infecting patients, co-workers, and themselves, as well as worry about upholding the provision of health care because of increasing sick leave. The health care professionals felt powerless in the face of their patients’ declining health. They also faced worry and guilt from the patients’ next of kin.

Conclusion

Home health care professionals have faced the COVID-19 pandemic while working across organizational borders, caring for older patients who have been isolated during the pandemic and trying to prevent declining health and feelings of isolation. Due to the forced use of digital and phone communication instead of in-person visits, the home health care professionals experienced a reduction in the patients’ quality of care and difficulty maintaining good communication between the professions.
Clinical significance of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults
Authors: Liu Yanfang , Li Guangshuo , Jia Jiaokun , Liu Xinmin , Guo Jiahuan , Zhao Xingquan
Published: December 2022

Objective

Few studies evaluated the association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke or transient ischemia attack (TIA) in young adults. We aimed to investigate the relationship of NLR with 90-day functional independence in ischemic stroke or TIA in young adults.

Methods

We retrospectively included patients aged 18–45 and diagnosed with ischemic stroke or TIA. Information including demographics, clinical and imaging characteristics, and the 90-day clinical outcome was collected. The primary outcome was excellent clinical outcome at 90 days, defined as mRS 0–1. Logistic regression analyses and a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were used to investigate the association between NLR and 90-day clinical outcome.

Results

A total of 691 young patients with ischemic stroke or TIA were included in the final study. A higher level of NLR indicated poorer clinical outcome at 90 days (p for trend <0.001). The multivariable logistics regression suggested that NLR was an independent predictor of mRS 0–1 at 90 days (crude OR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.83–0.94,p < 0.001; adjusted OR of model 2: 0.87, 95% CI 0.84–0.94, p < 0.001; adjusted OR of model 3: 0.92, 95% CI 0.84–0.99,p = 0.04).

Conclusion

In our study, a higher level of NLR was correlated with poorer functional outcomes at 90 days in ischemic stroke or TIA in young adults.