bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE), DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER), DAN CURRENT RATIO (CR) TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Dura Justita
Published: March 2021

Pengaruh Return On Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dan Current Ratio (CR) Terhadap Return Saham Perusahaan Sub Sektor Property dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.

     Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Return On Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dan Current Ratio (CR) terhadap return saham. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif terhadap laporan keuangan perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2016-2018. Total sampel penelitian adalah 24 perusahaan, yang ditentukan melalui metode purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yaitu laporan keuangan perusahaan sub sektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda dengan alat bantu SPSS 23.

     Variabel independen adalah Return On Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dan Current Ratio (CR), sedangkan variabel dependen adalan return saham. Uji Return On Equity (ROE) tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham. Uji Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham. Uji Current Ratio (CR) tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham.
TRADISI TOMPANGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AKUNTANSI
Authors: Sari Dian Altika
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini membahas tentang tradisi tompangan dalam perspektif akuntansi. Adapun tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengungkap makna tradisi tompangan dalam perspektif akuntansi di grup tunas muda serta untuk menguraikan perlakuan terhadap aset tompangan ditinjau dari yang memberi dan menerima sumbangan dalam tradisi tompangan. Objek dalam penelitian ini yaitu di grup tunas muda yang berada di Desa Paberasan Kabupaten Sumenep. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, dimana peneliti akan mengungkap makna atas pengalaman informan yang berhubungan dengan tradisi tompangan dalam perspektif akuntansi yang terjadi di dalam acara pernikahan, serta peneliti untuk memperoleh data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Adapun uji keabsahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu melalui teknik triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan tradisi tompangan terdapat adanya makna yang diakui sebagai hutang piutang, hal ini dikarenakan adanya kewajiban untuk mengembalikan sumbangan yang diterima serta hak untuk menerima kembali sumbangan yang diberikan sebelumnya, selain itu juga terdapat adanya pengembalian yang lebih besar dari sumbangan yang diterima sebelumnya yang menyebabkan adanya tekanan yang bersifat mengikat. Sedangkan untuk perlakuan aset terhadap sumbangan yang ada dalam tradisi tompangan sudah dilakukan dengan cukup baik.

Kata Kunci: Tradisi tompangan, utang, piutang, perlakuan aset
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI SIMDA KEUANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN COBIT UNTUK MELIHAT EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Saputri Novi Ria , Putra Iwan Setya
Published: March 2021

Posisi pegawai yang sering berganti dan aplikasi SIMDA Keuangan yang mengalami perubahan untuk menyesuaikan penerapan kebijakan baru dari cash basis ke accrual basis di Pemerintah Kabupaten Blitar mengharuskan pegawai untuk terus melakukan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan penerapan teknologi informasi berupa aplikasi SIMDA Keuangan secara efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi SIMDA Keuangan dengan menggunakan COBIT untuk melihat efektivitas penggunaan teknologi informasi di Pemerintah Kabupaten Blitar. Teknik analisis menggunakan maturity level atau tingkat kematangan. Dengan menggunakan metode COBIT untuk menganalisis hasilnya adalah ukuran domain PO (Perencanaan dan Organisasi) menghasilkan level 3,54 - 4,36 dan domain DS (Penghantar dan Dukungan) menghasilkan level 3,72 - 4,28 artinya organisasi telah mencapai level 4.
Argentinian mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A screening study of the general population during two periods of quarantine
Authors: Etchevers Martín Juan , Garay Cristian Javier , Putrino Natalia Inés , Helmich Natalia , Lunansky Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Background

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Argentina has been under mandatory quarantine. We have aimed to investigate the state of mental health of the Argentine population and the behaviours adopted to cope with mental distress during quarantine.

Method

An online survey was conducted using a probabilistic sampling technique and stratified according to the geographic regions of the country. The survey covered days 7-11 (n = 2,631) and days 50-55 (n = 2,068) after compulsory quarantine. The psychological impact was measured using the 27-item Symptom CheckList (SCL-27), which provides a Global Severity Index (GSI). An ad hoc questionnaire registered problematic, healthy and other behaviours. Two network models were estimated using a Mixed Graphical Model. Data from the two periods were compared and analysed.

Outcomes

Higher GSI scores and greater risk of experiencing mental disorder were found in Period 2 as compared with Period 1. The lowest GSI scores were associated with physical activity in both periods, and meditation and yoga in Period 1. Drug users reported the highest GSI scores in both periods. The Network Comparison Test confirmed a significant change in symptomatology structure over the two quarantine periods.

Conclusion

This study showed that psychological symptoms and the risk of experiencing mental disorder increased significantly from Period 1 to Period 2. Network analysis suggested that the quarantine might have brought about changes in the relationships between symptoms. Overall results revealed the relevance of mental health and the need to take mental health actions upon imposing quarantine during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Bimbingan Laporan Praktek Kerja Lapangan di SMKN 2 Kraksaan Berbasis Web
Authors: Khairi Matlubul
Published: March 2021

Penyelenggaraan Praktek kerja Lapangan(PKL) merupakan upaya yang dapat dilakukan SMK untuk tetap menghasilkan lulusan yang dapat bersaing di dunia usaha dan dunia industri (DU/DI). Salah satu tugas siswa PKL di SMKN 2 Kraksaan adalah membuat laporan PKL yang dibimbing oleh guru pembimbing sekolah yang berisi segala aktifitas yang dilakukan selama melaksanakan praktik kerja lapangan (PKL). Namun pandemik Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) berdampak pada dunia pendidikan dengan adanya kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengurangi kontak fisik melalui pembelajaran di/dari rumah. Kebijakan ini juga berdampak pada proses pembimbingan laporan PKL kurang efektif dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan merancang dan membangun sistem bimbingan praktik kerja lapangan berbasis web. Sistem ini dibangun dengan model waterfall dengan tahapan, analisa, desain, pengkodean, pengujian dan pendukung. Alat perancangan sistem yang digunakan adalah Flowmap Diagram, Data Flow Diagram, dan Entity Relationship Diagram. Sistem bimbingan laporan PKL berbasis web dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL. Sistem bimbingan lapran PKL ini dapat membantu dan mempermudah proses bimbingan hingan pencetakan laporan dengan persentase kelayakan 83.6% dengan interpretasi sangat layak.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Ruang Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Perawat
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Rijali , Pertiwiwati Endang , Rizany Ichsan
Published: March 2021

Nurse job satisfaction is one of the factors affecting work productivity. Job satisfaction is influenced by the leadership style applied by the chief nurse in leading his subordinates. The purpose of this study was determined the relationship between the leadership style of the chief nurse and the nurse's job satisfaction in the inpatient room at Idaman City Hospital in Banjarbaru. This research approach used cross sectional. The population was all nurses in the inpatient room with a total of 119 nurses. Sampling used quota sampling as many as 102 respondents. There were 3 research instruments used, consisted of questionnaire respondent characteristics, nurse job satisfaction and leadership style of the chief nurse. The method used by events that carry out actions on respondents, has been observed. The correlational and survey approaches used in this study were to present a questionnaire. The leadership style of nurse manager has an average of 57.90 (50-72). Nurse job satisfaction has rather average of 62,82 (38-96). There was a relationship between the leadership style of the chief nurse and the nurse's job satisfaction in the inpatient room at Idaman City Hospital in Banjarbaru (p-value = 0,000 <0.05). The leadership style of the head of the room in accordance with the situation and conditions and good application can produce nurses who are satisfied with their work and can also improve performance in carrying out their duties.
Актуальні аспекти обміну інформацією з питань країни походження товарів
Authors: Заяц В. В. , Жданова В. П.
Published: March 2021

У статті досліджено основні аспекти нормативно-правового забезпечення обміну інформацією з питань країни походження товарів під час здійснення митної справи в Україні. Авторами визначено напрями удосконалення міжнародного співробітництва Державної митної служби України з митними органами інших країн в питаннях щодо визначення країни походження товарів, які переміщуються через митний кордон України.Окреслено можливості застосування в подальшому преференційних умов, передбачених угодами про вільну торгівлю, укладеними за участю України, в попередженні, розслідуванні та/або припиненні порушень митних правил, пов’язаних із неправомірним застосуванням преференційного режиму в зовнішній торгівлі.
Аналіз проблем професійної підготовки громадян України за програмою підготовки офіцерів запасу
Authors: Kasianenko Maxim
Published: March 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізу стану підготовки майбутніх офіцерів запасу. Події на Сході України розкрили цілу низку проблем у системі підготовки офіцерів запасу. За результатами аналізу наукових праць встановлено, що у процесі військової підготовки громадян України за програмою підготовки офіцерів запасу не враховуються такі чинники, як зміна способу комплектування військових формувань, впровадження стандартів країн НАТО у військовій сфері, досвід бойових дій на Сході України. У статті визначено особливості та запропоновано шляхи вдосконалення системи підготовки офіцерів запасу.

Мета статті є аналіз основних проблеми професійної підготовки громадян України за програмою підготовки офіцерів запасу та розглянути шляхи подальшого удосконалення системи підготовки офіцерів запасу, як одного з видів військового обов’язку.
Organic carbon dynamics in interrows of Vitis vinifera with different years of soil use and management
Authors: Santos Caroline Valverde dos , Levien Renato , Mazurana Michael , Zulpo Lucas
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soil use and management on organic carbon stocks in the interrows of Vitis vinifera with different years of cultivation. A vineyard located in Rio Grande do Sul state, with 4, 9 and 16 years of management, was evaluated. Soil samples from different layers, 0.0-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30, 0.30-0.40, 0.40-0.50 and 0.50-0.60 m, were collected on wheel tracks, between wheel tracks and under the planting rows. As a reference, samples were collected in native grassland of the region. Organic matter content, bulk density and soil porosity were evaluated. Carbon stock was determined according to the correction of the sampled thickness. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 0.05 probability level. Soil management caused alterations in its structure and organic matter content, observed mainly in the first 30 cm, regardless of the area studied. Highest values of bulk density were observed on the tractor wheel tracks, followed by under the planting row and between wheel tracks. Alteration in soil cover for vineyard planting led to a reduction in the carbon stock, compared to the native grassland. The area under management for 4 years showed higher carbon stocks between the wheel tracks, whereas the areas under 9 and 16 years of management showed highest values in the wheel tracks.
Contribuição de um curso de residência na formação e inserção profissional de enfermeiras obstetras egressas
Authors: Garcia Estefânia Santos Gonçalves Félix , Gradim Clícia Valim Côrtes , Ruela Ludmila de Oliveira , Mairink Ana Paula Alonso Reis , Clapis Maria José
Published: March 2021

O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar a formação e a inserção profissional de enfermeiras egressas de um curso de residência em enfermagem obstétrica. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo que utilizou o Interacionismo Simbólico como referencial teórico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados como referencial metodológico. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 12 atrizes sociais que eram enfermeiras egressas do curso. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista gravada com a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Relate qual foi a contribuição do curso de residência obstétrica para a sua formação e inserção profissional ao mercado de trabalho”. Os dados levaram a construção de uma categoria central: A residência em enfermagem obstétrica para as egressas do curso conferiu formação para a atuação qualificada e a inserção ao mercado de trabalho com vistas à autonomia profissional. As egressas declararam que a residência obstétrica as capacitou para oferecer assistência baseada em evidências científicas ao binômio mãe/filho.
A emergência do livro didático de Filosofia no período de 1980 a 1990
Authors: Sturza Raquel Brum , Tomazetti Elisete Medianeira
Published: March 2021

Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa ‘Livros didáticos de Filosofia no Brasil (1980-1990): um estudo sobre proveniências e modos de ensinar Filosofia’, realizada no curso de Mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Tem por objetivo discorrer sobre os livros didáticos de Filosofia produzidos no Brasil nas décadas de 1980 e 1990. Problematizamos este período histórico brasileiro, de modo a compreender os elementos que se tornaram condições para que os livros didáticos, em geral, e os livros didáticos de filosofia, em especial, pudessem emergir com força e relevância no ensino escolar de filosofia no Brasil. Para tanto, o estudo se aproxima de uma perspectiva genealógica de Michel Foucault (2015), como a escrita de uma história que recusa a perfeição das origens, reconhecendo os acontecimentos como tramas discursivas, que se cruzam e entrecruzam em movimentos e forças constantes que formam e transformam o contexto. Resulta da investigação que a emergência do livro didático de Filosofia é condicionada as forças em jogo que se tramaram nos seguintes períodos: o fim da Ditadura Militar; o processo de redemocratização (1980); o processo de massificação do ensino (1990); as lutas e os embates para o retorno do ensino de Filosofia aos currículos do segundo grau/ensino médio e a publicação da Lei 9.349 de 1996.
Sustainable and regional gastronomy: cassava leaves as a potential ingredient for gluten-free biscuits
Authors: Neves Elisa Cristina Andrade , Moysés Beatriz Andrade , Neves Daniela Andrade , Campelo Pedro Henrique , Clerici Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva
Published: March 2021

The addition of roots derivatives to bakery products may be a promising alternative to add value to these products. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the effect of cassava leaves on the properties of gluten-free biscuits (GFB). The ingredients used were cassava flour, rice flour, cuí, tapioca flour, and 0 (F0), 3.69% (F1), 5.34% (F2), and 7.38% (F3) of cassava leaves (CCL). The results were evaluated by analysis of variance, followed by Scott-Knott test (p-value<0.05). The CCL presented 89.9% moisture, water activity of 0.98, and 2.75% protein; tryptophan was the limiting amino acid. No significant differences were observed between the F0-control and those made with the addition of CCL, which presented moisture and Aw below 3% and 0.30, and hardness between 45 to 60 N. The sensory acceptance scores were greater than 6, which indicates that it is possible to increase the added value of CCL in bakery products. The use of cassava leaves in biscuits showed good technological and sensory characteristics, making it possible to be an ingredient from regional by-products that can favor sustainable development, respect the concept of regionalization, and add income and employment.
Rendimento do milho doce e verde para consumo "in natura" cultivados no Tocantins
Authors: Cardoso Ila Raquel Mello , Eckardt Marcio , Afférri Flávio Sérgio , Martins Glêndara Aparecida de Souza , Peluzio Joênes Mucci , Moura Juliana Santos , Santos Polliana Cristina de Lima , Borges Lourena Jacy Fonseca , Biase Rafaela Soares
Published: March 2021

O milho (Zea mays L.) pertence à família Poaceae, se destaca pela grande diversidade genética, adaptando-se em diversos climas. Este estudo tem como objetivo estudar o rendimento do milho verde e milho doce cultivadas no Tocantins. Os experimentos foram realizado na Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, Campus de Palmas e Instituto Federal do Tocantins – IFTO, Campus de Paraíso, onde foram plantados 4 cultivares de milho ( C1, C2 e C3 de milho verde comum e C4 de milho doce), sobre diferentes ambientes, níveis de adubação e épocas de semeadura. Os rendimentos de grãos verdes da C4 foram semelhantes (p<0,05), pelo teste de Scott-Knott, com as C1 e C3 nos ambientes 2 e 4. Já nos ambientes 1 a C1 assemelhou-se com a C3, e no ambiente 3 a C3 teve um maior rendimento de 77%. Observa-se que o milho doce cultivado em Palmas - TO apresentou um rendimento de grãos verdes de 60 %, semelhante a C1, desta forma nota-se que mesmo em condições climáticas distintas e genótipos de milho diferentes, o milho doce apresentou viabilidade produtiva semelhante ao milho verde. Conclui-se que é importante estudar o rendimento dos grãos de milho doce e verde, pois influenciam na produtividade.
Exérese da bola de bichat em infante: relato de caso
Authors: Andrade Marina Gonçalves de , Freitas Neto Jeoval Severino de , Aguiar Priscila Lins , Freitas Thaísa Tamires Fortaleza Spinelli de , Ramos Lucas Viana Silva , Lima Luiz Fernando Alves de , Oliveira Hugo Franklin Lima de
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O corpo adiposo bucal é uma massa especializada composta por tecido adiposo. É uma estrutura profunda ao músculo bucinador, entretanto em crianças esse órgão pode extruir para a cavidade bucal, caracterizando uma entidade clínica chamada de herniação do corpo adiposo bucal. O presente estudo objetiva relatar um caso de paciente pediátrico com prolapso do coxim adiposo bucal após trauma. Relato de Caso: Participante do sexo masculino, 06 meses de idade, vítima de queda da própria altura, admitido no serviço de emergência de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial de um hospital público, apresentando ferimento em cavidade oral. Não houve síncope e êmese após o trauma, sem patologias de base, uso crônico de medicamentos ou alergias. Não ocorreram sangramentos ou alterações de comportamento. Houve o prolapso do corpo adiposo bucal após 6 horas do trauma contuso.  Ao exame físico apresentava contornos ósseos preservados em terço superior e médio de face, ausência de crepitação ou edema em ossos próprios nasais e ausência de ferimentos em face. Ao exame intra-oral, foi notada lesão de coloração amarelo-avermelhada, semelhante a gordura, inserida em mucosa jugal direita, de consistência macia. A terapêutica adotada foi a excisão do coxim adiposo sob anestesia local.  Discussão: Após 18 meses do procedimento, participante se encontra sem assimetria e a mãe informou que não houve complicações na amamentação durante esse período. Conclusão: O presente caso corroborou com a literatura em seus aspectos clínicos, etiológicos e demográficos, sendo tratado através de terapêutica já sedimentada na literatura, demonstrando bom prognóstico.
Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemic (PHHC) rat – a model of polygenic hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Kovář J , Tonar Z , Heczková M , Poledne R
Published: March 2021

Prague hereditary hypercholesterolemic (PHHC) rat – rat strain
crossbred from Wistar rats – is a model of hypercholesterolemia
induced by dietary cholesterol. Importantly, no bile salts and/or
antithyroid drugs need to be added to the diet together with
cholesterol to induce hypercholesterolemia. PHHC rats have only
modestly increased cholesterolemia when fed a standard chow
and develop hypercholesterolemia exceeding 5 mmol/l on 2 %
cholesterol diet. Most of the cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic
PHHC rats is found in VLDL that become enriched with
cholesterol (VLDL-C/VLDL-TG ratio > 1.0). Concurrently, both IDL
and LDL concentrations rise without any increase in HDL. PHHC
rats do not markedly differ from Wistar rats in the activities of
enzymes involved in intravascular remodelation of lipoproteins
(lipoprotein and hepatic lipases and lecithin:cholesterol
acyltransferase), LDL catabolism, cholesterol turnover rate and
absorption of dietary cholesterol. The feeding rats with
cholesterol diet results in development of fatty liver in spite of
suppression of cholesterol synthesis. However, even though
cholesterolemia in PHHC rats is comparable to human
hypercholesterolemia, the PHHC rats do not develop
atherosclerosis even after 6 months on 2 % cholesterol diet.
Importantly, the crossbreeding experiments documented that
hypercholesterolemia of PHHC rats is polygenic. To identify the
genes that may be involved in pathogenesis of
hypercholesterolemia in this strain, the studies of microarray
gene expression in the liver of PHHC rats are currently in
progress.
Ontogenetic development of cardiac tolerance to oxygen deprivation – possible mechanisms
Authors: Ošťádal B , Ošťádalová I , Kolář F , Charvátová Z , Netuka I
Published: March 2021

Our present focus on the hypoxic immature heart is driven by
clinical urgency: cyanotic congenital cardiac malformations
remain the single largest cause of mortality from congenital
defects and ischemic heart disease is no more the disease of the
fifth and older decades but its origin as well as risk factors are
present already during early ontogeny. Moreover, the number of
adult patients operated for cyanotic congenital heart disease
during infancy steadily increases. This group approaches the age
of the rising risk of serious cardiovascular diseases, particularly
ischemic heart disease. Experimental results have clearly shown
that the immature heart is significantly more tolerant to oxygen
deficiency than the adult myocardium. However, the mechanisms
of this difference have not yet been satisfactorily clarified; they
are likely the result of developmental changes in cardiac energy
metabolism, including mitochondrial function. The high resistance
of the newborn heart cannot be further increased by ischemic
preconditioning or adaptation to chronic hypoxia; these
protective mechanisms appear only with decreasing tolerance
during development. Resistance of the adult myocardium to
acute oxygen deprivation may be significantly influenced by
perinatal hypoxia. These results suggest that the developmental
approach offers new possibilities in the studies of pathogenesis,
prevention and therapy of critical cardiovascular diseases.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAMPURAN ECENG GONDOK DAN KOTORAN SAPI DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISIS ASAM SULFAT DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOGAS
Authors: Roni Kiagus Ahmad
Published: March 2021

Kelangkaan gas elpiji di Indonesia mengakibatkan kenaikan harga gas elpiji. Sejak beralihnya kebiasaan rumah tangga di Indonesia dari menggunakan minyak tanah menjadi gas epliji untuk keperluan sehari – hari membuat kebutuhan gas elpiji semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan energi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini. Salah satunya ialah biogas. Pada penelitian ini digunakan eceng gondok sebagai bahan baku utama pembuatan biogas. Pemanfaatan eceng gondok sebagai bahan baku biogas dikarenakan memiliki kandungan karbohidrat dan selulosa. Selulosa akan dihidrolisis menjadi glukosa oleh bakteri yang akan menghasilkan gas metan sebagai biogas. Akan tetapi, untuk mencapai hasil yang optimum diperlukan adanya biostarter dari limbah ternak, salah satunya kotoran sapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi eceng gondok dan air, eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi serta lama fermentasi eceng gondok paling optimum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa komposisi eceng gondok dan air yang paling optimum dengan lama fermentasi 7 hari serta komposisi eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi yaitu pada perbandingan 1 : 3 selama 7 hari dan 50% : 50% mampu menghasilkan biogas hingga 302 mL selama 21 hari. Analisa COD dan TSS menunjukkan bahwa semakin rendah konsentrasi COD dan TSS maka semakin banyak volume yang dihasilkan. Hal ini terlihat bahwa konsentrasi COD 21,40 mg/L dan TSS 38,30 mg/L mampu menghasilkan biogas sampai 302 mL. Selain itu juga dengan analisa titik embun gas dan nyala api menunjukkan bahwa komposisi eceng gondok dan air yanng terbaik pada perbandingan 1 : 3 dan komposisi eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi 60% : 40% dan 50% : 50% menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada embun pada gas tersebut dan menyala dengan sangat cepat.

 

KATA KUNCI : Energi Alternatif, Biogas, Eceng Gondok, Biostarter Kotoran Sapi
Development of Thematic Teaching Materials Based on Discovery Learning in Elementary School
Authors: Wahyuni Nur , Ananda Lala Jelita
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research is to develop teaching materials using the discovery learning model to improve thematic learning outcomes in elementary schools. This research aims to develop thematic teaching materials based on the discovery learning model for fourth grade students of elementary school and to describe the feasibility of thematic teaching materials products based on the discovery learning model. This type of research is research and development (R&D). The development model used is the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation and Evaluate) model. The results of research on thematic teaching materials based on discovery learning are from the results of assessments carried out by media experts, material experts and students' responses during field trials. The results of the validation show that the overall score is 3.7 so that it is included in the "very good" category and the overall eligibility percentage is 93% so that it is included in the "very appropriate" category. Based on the above explanation, it can be concluded that the thematic teaching materials are based on discovery learning are suitable for learning for fourth grade students of elementary school.
Comprobación permanente del comportamiento estructural de puentes singulares
Authors: Wenzel Helmut
Published: March 2021

La gestión de puentes singulares requiere enfoques innovadores. Las decisiones no pueden basarse en los códigos y normas disponibles porque estos no cubren el gran tamaño y la importancia de estas infraestructuras. La toma de decisiones en la gestión de estas infraestructuras se basará en tecnologías fiables de gestión de datos y predicciones.

Con el fin de garantizar la seguridad, durabilidad y operatividad, se requiere información sobre el comportamiento estructural de cada puente. Los resultados provenientes de la instrumentación acerca del comportamiento de estas estructuras han llegado a un nivel de madurez después de una intensa investigación y desarrollo financiado por la Comisión Europea. La mayoría de los parámetros que describen el comportamiento del puente se pueden ahora supervisar razonablemente.

El documento incluye un ejemplo de implantación exitosa, presenta una clasificación útil y especifica las normas aplicables que pueden proporcionar un marco para el enfoque de gestión de infraestructuras basados en el riesgo.
O USO DO CONHECIMENTO NA SOCIEDADE
Authors:   Austrian Institute for Business Cycle Research, HAYEK Friedrich August von
Published: March 2021

Hayek discusses in this article what kind of knowledge should be used in Social Sciences, especially in Economics. It shows that, in the real world, the so-called "scientific knowledge" fails to coordinate economic activity and that "practical" knowledge, or the circumstances of time and space, is relevant in the decisions of economic agents.
Exploiting Trade-Off Criteria to Improve the Efficiency of Genetic Multi-Objective Optimisation Algorithms
Authors: De Buck Viviane , Nimmegeers Philippe , Hashem Ihab , Muñoz López Carlos André , Van Impe Jan
Published: March 2021

The highly competitive nature of the chemical industry requires the optimisation of the design and exploitation of (bio-)chemical processes with respect to multiple, often conflicting objectives. Genetic algorithms are widely used in the context of multi-objective optimisation due to their overall straightforward implementation and numerous other advantages. NSGA-II, one of the current state-of-the-art algorithms in genetic multi-objective optimisation has, however, two major shortcomings, inherent to evolutionary algorithms: 1) the inability to distinguish between solutions based on their mutual trade-off and distribution; 2) a problem-irrelevant stopping criterion based on a maximum number of iterations. The former results in a Pareto front that contains redundant solutions. The latter results in an unnecessary high computation time. In this manuscript, a novel strategy is presented to overcome these shortcomings: t-domination. t-domination uses the concept of regions of practically insignificant trade-off (PIT-regions) to distinguish between solutions based on their trade-off. Two solutions that are located in each other’s PIT-regions are deemed insignificantly different and therefore one can be discarded. Additionally, extrapolating the concept of t-domination to two subsequent solution populations results in a problem-relevant stopping criterion. The novel algorithm is capable of generating a Pareto front with a trade-off-based solution resolution and displays a significant reduction in computation time in comparison to the original NSGA-II algorithm. The algorithm is illustrated on benchmark scalar case studies and a fed-batch reactor case study.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Oxygen Desaturation Index for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Chen Lihong , Tang Weiwei , Wang Chun , Chen Dawei , Gao Yun , Ma Wanxia , Zha Panpan , Lei Fei , Tang Xiangdong , Ran Xingwu
Published: March 2021

Background

Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). But it is impractical to perform PSG in all patients with diabetes. The objective was to develop a clinically easy-to-use prediction model to diagnosis SDB in patients with diabetes.

Methods

A total of 440 patients with diabetes were recruited and underwent overnight PSG at West China Hospital. Prediction algorithms were based on oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and other variables, including sex, age, body mass index, Epworth score, mean oxygen saturation, and total sleep time. Two phase approach was employed to derivate and validate the models.

Results

ODI was strongly correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (rs = 0.941). In the derivation phase, the single cutoff model with ODI was selected, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.956 (95%CI 0.917–0.994), 0.962 (95%CI 0.943–0.981), and 0.976 (95%CI 0.956–0.996) for predicting AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. We identified the cutoff of ODI 5/h, 15/h, and 25/h, as having important predictive value for AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. In the validation phase, the AUC of ODI was 0.941 (95%CI 0.904–0.978), 0.969 (95%CI 0.969–0.991), and 0.949 (95%CI 0.915–0.983) for predicting AHI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥30/h, respectively. The sensitivity of ODI ≥5/h, ≥15/h, and ≥25/h was 92%, 90%, and 93%, respectively, while the specificity was 73%, 89%, and 85%, respectively.

Conclusions

ODI is a sensitive and specific tool to predict SDB in patients with diabetes.
Metabolic Changes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Isolated From Patients With End Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Altintas Mehmet M. , DiBartolo Salvatore , Tadros Lana , Samelko Beata , Wasse Haimanot
Published: March 2021

As numerous complex pathologies stem from cellular energy dysfunction, we aimed to elucidate mitochondrial function and associated stress pathologies in kidney disease in a cohort of hemodialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The bioenergetics study was conducted using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ESKD patients (n = 29) and healthy controls (no ESKD, n = 10). PBMCs were isolated from whole blood and seeded into assay plates to detect changes in oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. The bioenergetics analysis (i.e., mitochondrial stress test) was performed using Seahorse XFe24 flux analyzer. We observed significant reduction in mitochondrial respiration in patient PBMCs in terms of fundamental bioenergetics parameters such as basal respiration, ATP turnover, maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity. These findings were correlated with the expression levels of proteins coordinating cellular energy status and regulating mitochondrial dynamics. Our data demonstrates an association between mitochondrial oxygen consumption of PBMCs and ESKD. AMPK activity, its downstream effector PGC-1α and mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins are partially responsible for the decrease in oxidative phosphorylation of PBMCs isolated from ESKD patients. We propose a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and ESKD and a role for mitochondria as a potential site for therapeutic interventions.
Different Gestational Diabetes Phenotypes: Which Insulin Regimen Fits Better?
Authors: Mecacci Federico , Lisi Federica , Vannuccini Silvia , Ottanelli Serena , Rambaldi Marianna Pina , Serena Caterina , Simeone Serena , Petraglia Felice
Published: March 2021

Objective

Maternal characteristics and OGTT values of pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were evaluated according to treatment strategies. The goal was to identify different maternal phenotypes in order to predict the appropriate treatment strategy.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study among 1,974 pregnant women followed up for GDM in a tertiary referral hospital for high-risk pregnancies (Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy) from 2013 to 2018. We compared nutritional therapy (NT) alone (n = 962) versus NT and insulin analogues (n = 1,012) group. Then, we focused on different insulin analogues groups: long acting (D), rapid acting (R), both D and R. We compared maternal characteristics of the three groups, detecting which factors may predict the use of rapid or long-acting insulin analogue alone versus combined therapy.

Results

Among women included in the analysis, 51.3% of them needed insulin therapy for glycemic control: 61.8% D, 28.3% combined D and R, and 9.9% R alone. Age >35 years, pre-pregnancy BMI >30, family history of diabetes, previous GDM, altered fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hypothyroidism, and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) were identified as maternal variables significantly associated with the need of insulin therapy. Altered 1-h and 2-h glucose plasma glucose level at OGTT, age >35 years, and previous GDM were found as independent predicting factors for the use of combined therapy with rapid and long acting analogues for glycemic control. On the contrary, pre-pregnancy BMI <25 and normal fasting plasma glucose values at OGTT were found to be significantly associated to the use of rapid insulin analogue only.

Conclusion

A number of maternal and metabolic variables may be identified at the diagnosis of GDM, in order to identify different GDM phenotypes requiring a personalized treatment for glycemic control.
Molecular Diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis by Multigene Panel Testing
Authors: Zhang Zeng-Yun-Ou , Wu Yuan-Yuan , Cai Xin-ying , Fang Wen-Liang , Xiao Feng-Li
Published: March 2021

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is an autosomal genetic disorder for which early and definite clinical diagnoses are difficult. To identify the diagnosis, five affected probands with suspected NF from unrelated families were included in this study. Molecular analysis was performed using multigene panel testing and Sanger sequencing. Ultradeep sequencing was used to analyze the mutation rate in the tissues from the proband with mosaic mutations. Three different pathogenic variants of theNF1gene were found in three probands who mainly complained of café-au-lait macules (CALMs), including one frameshift variant c.5072_5073insTATAACTGTAACTCCTGGGTCAGGGAGTACACCAA:p.Tyr1692Ilefs in exon 37, one missense variant c.3826C > T:p.Arg1276Ter in exon 28, and one splicing variant c.4110 + 1G > T at the first base downstream of the 3′-end of exon 30. OneNF1gene mosaic variant was found in a proband who complained of cutaneous neurofibroma with the frameshift variant c.495_498del:p.Thr165fs in exon 5, and ultradeep sequencing showed the highest mutation rate of 10.81% in cutaneous neurofibromas. A frameshift variant, c.36_39del:p.Ser12fs in exon 1 of theNF2gene, was found in a proband who presented with skin plaques and intracranial neurogenic tumors. All of these pathogenic variants were heterozygous, one was not reported, and one not in Chinese before. This study expands the pathogenic variant spectrum of NF and demonstrates the clinical diagnosis.
The Role of Protein and Lipid Clustering in Lymphocyte Activation
Authors: Lamerton Rachel E. , Lightfoot Abbey , Nieves Daniel J. , Owen Dylan M.
Published: March 2021

Lymphocytes must strike a delicate balance between activating in response to signals from potentially pathogenic organisms and avoiding activation from stimuli emanating from the body's own cells. For cells, such as T or B cells, maximizing the efficiency and fidelity, whilst minimizing the crosstalk, of complex signaling pathways is crucial. One way of achieving this control is by carefully orchestrating the spatiotemporal organization of signaling molecules, thereby regulating the rates of protein-protein interactions. This is particularly true at the plasma membrane where proximal signaling events take place and the phenomenon of protein microclustering has been extensively observed and characterized. This review will focus on what is known about the heterogeneous distribution of proteins and lipids at the cell surface, illustrating how such distributions can influence signaling in health and disease. We particularly focus on nanoscale molecular organization, which has recently become accessible for study through advances in microscope technology and analysis methodology.
Phenotypic and Functional Analyses Guiding Combination Immune Checkpoint Immunotherapeutic Strategies in HTLV-1 Infection
Authors: Clements Danielle M. , Crumley Brenndan , Chew Glen M. , Davis Elijah , Bruhn Roberta , Murphy Edward L. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Jain Pooja
Published: March 2021

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) develops in 1–5% of HTLV-1-infected individuals. Previous studies by us and others have shown that the expression of negative immune checkpoint receptors (NCRs) is significantly increased on CD8 T cells in various chronic viral infections and are associated with poor anti-viral immunity. We have previously identified the differential expression of NCRs on CD8 T cells in blood from patients with HAM/TSP and in central nervous system (CNS) tissues of HTLV-1 infected humanized mice and defined the association with neurological complications. In this study, we determined the co-expression patterns of several key NCRs (PD-1, TIGIT, TIM-3, and LAG-3) and their cognate ligands in HTLV-1 infection and assessed how combination strategies targeting these pathways would impact HTLV-1-specific CD8 T-cell effector functions as an approach to reduce CNS disease outcomes. We found that global CD8 T cells from HAM/TSP patients co-express multiple NCRs at significantly higher frequencies than asymptomatic carriers (AC). Moreover, NCR ligands (PVR and PD-LI) on both plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells were also expressed at higher frequencies in HAM/TSP compared to AC. In both AC and HAM/TSP subjects, combination dual PD-L1/TIGIT or triple PD-L1/TIGIT/TIM-3 blockade with monoclonal antibodies resulted in increases in intracellular cytokine expression in CD8 T cells after virus stimulation, particularly CD107a, a marker of degranulation, and TNF-α, a key cytokine that can directly inhibit viral replication. Interestingly, almost all blockade combinations resulted in reduced IL-2+ HTLV-1-specific CD8 T cell frequencies in HAM/TSP subjects, but not in AC. These results define a novel combinatorial NCR immunotherapeutic blockade strategy to reduce HAM/TSP disease burden.
Ebola-GP DNA Prime rAd5-GP Boost: Influence of Prime Frequency and Prime/Boost Time Interval on the Immune Response in Non-human Primates
Authors: Marcus Hadar , Thompson Emily , Zhou Yan , Bailey Michael , Donaldson Mitzi M. , Stanley Daphne A. , Asiedu Clement , Foulds Kathryn E. , Roederer Mario , Moliva Juan I. , Sullivan Nancy J.
Published: March 2021

Heterologous prime-boost immunization regimens are a common strategy for many vaccines. DNA prime rAd5-GP boost immunization has been demonstrated to protect non-human primates against a lethal challenge of Ebola virus, a pathogen that causes fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans. This protection correlates with antibody responses and is also associated with IFNγ+ TNFα+ double positive CD8+ T-cells. In this study, we compared single DNA vs. multiple DNA prime immunizations, and short vs. long time intervals between the DNA prime and the rAd5 boost to evaluate the impact of these different prime-boost strategies on vaccine-induced humoral and cellular responses in non-human primates. We demonstrated that DNA/rAd5 prime-boost strategies can be tailored to induce either CD4+ T-cell or CD8+ T-cell dominant responses while maintaining a high magnitude antibody response. Additionally, a single DNA prime immunization generated a stable memory response that could be boosted by rAd5 3 years later. These results suggest DNA/rAd5 prime-boost provides a flexible platform that can be fine-tuned to generate desirable T-cell memory responses.
Grouper Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein 1 Inhibits Iridovirus and Nodavirus Replication by Regulating Virus Entry and Host Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Zhang Ya , Wang Liqun , Zheng Jiaying , Huang Liwei , Wang Shaowen , Huang Xiaohong , Qin Qiwei , Huang Youhua
Published: March 2021

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are novel viral restriction factors which inhibit numerous virus infections by impeding viral entry into target cells. To investigate the roles of IFITMs during fish virus infection, we cloned and characterized an IFITM1 homolog from orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) (EcIFITM1) in this study. EcIFITM1 encodes a 131-amino-acid polypeptide, which shares 64 and 43% identity with Seriola dumerili and Homo sapiens, respectively. The multiple sequence alignment showed that EcIFITM1 contained five domains, including NTD (aa 1–45), IMD (aa 46–67), CIL (aa 68–93), TMD (aa 94–119), and CTD (aa 120–131). In vitro, the level of EcIFITM1 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in response to Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), or red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. EcIFITM1 encoded a cytoplasmic protein, which was partly colocalized with early endosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes. The ectopic expression of EcIFITM1 significantly inhibited the replication of SGIV or RGNNV, which was demonstrated by the reduced virus production, as well as the levels of viral gene transcription and protein expression. In contrast, knockdown of EcIFITM1 using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) promoted the replication of both viruses. Notably, EcIFITM1 exerted its antiviral activity in the step of viral entry into the host cells. Furthermore, the results of non-targeted lipometabolomics showed that EcIFITM1 overexpression induced lipid metabolism remodeling in vitro. All of the detected ceramides were significantly increased following EcIFITM1 overexpression, suggesting that EcIFITM1 may suppress SGIV entry by regulating the level of ceramide in the lysosomal system. In addition, EcIFITM1 overexpression positively regulated both interferon-related molecules and ceramide synthesis-related genes. Taken together, our results demonstrated that EcIFITM1 exerted a bi-functional role, including immune regulation and lipid metabolism in response to fish virus infections.
Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Signaling Pathway in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome-Associated Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Qu Jingge , Wang Li , Li Mengtao , Xu Dong , Zhao Yan , Zhang Fengchun , Zeng Xiaofeng
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To identify the importance of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway using B cell high-throughput sequencing and to explore the participation of the TLR7 signaling pathway in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS)-associated thrombocytopenia in patient and mouse models.

Methods: High-throughput gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed for 9 patients: 3 patients with pSS and normal platelet counts, 3 patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia, and 3 healthy controls. Twenty-four patients with pSS were recruited for validation. Twenty-four non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were divided into the TLR7 pathway inhibition (CA-4948), activation (Resiquimod), and control groups. Serum, peripheral blood, bone marrow, and submandibular glands were collected for thrombocytopenia and TLR7 pathway analysis.

Results: Seven hub genes enriched in the TLR pathway were identified. Compared to that in control patients, the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and TLR7 pathway molecules in B-cells was higher in patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts exhibited a negative correlation with serum IL-1β and IL-8 levels. In NOD mice, CA-4948/Resiquimod treatment induced the downregulation/upregulation of the TLR7 pathway, leading to consistent elevation/reduction of platelet counts. Megakaryocyte counts in the bone marrow showed an increasing trend in the Resiquimod group, with more naked nuclei. The levels of IL-1β and IL-8 in the serum and submandibular gland tissue increased in the Resiquimod group compared with that in CA-4948 and control groups.

Conclusion: pSS-associated thrombocytopenia may be a subset of the systemic inflammatory state as the TLR7 signaling pathway was upregulated in B cells of patients with pSS-associated thrombocytopenia, and activation of the TLR7 pathway led to a thrombocytopenia phenotype in NOD mice.