bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How parents build a case for autism spectrum disorder during initial assessments: ‘We’re fighting a losing battle’
Authors: O’Reilly Michelle , Nina Lester Jessica , Muskett Tom , Karim Khalid
Published: January 2017

Integral to the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is the initial assessment through which the existence of a ‘problem’ is first ascertained. Despite this, there remains limited research on this early part of the diagnostic pathway. In this article, we utilised conversation analysis to examine relevant issues in relation to the practitioner–family interactions that take place within this initial assessment context. Our findings illustrated that parents typically first raised the possibility of the presence of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis through ‘building a case’, which professionals were then able to ratify or negate. Furthermore, we found that the assessments unfolded sequentially and clinical decisions were typically reached through a distinctive pattern of interaction. These findings have important implications for clinical practice, including for the study of autism spectrum disorder assessments and diagnosis.
Student Performance in Online and Face-to-Face Microeconomics: Evidence from Adult Learners
Authors: Medcalfe Simon
Published: January 2017

There have been few studies comparing student performance in online and face-to-face economics courses. Those studies that have been undertaken have concentrated on traditional students (18- to 22-year-olds). This paper examines student outcomes in an undergraduate course in microeconomics taught to non-traditional students (average age is 33 years). Analysis using multiple regression techniques suggests that there is no significant difference in grade between online and classroom students. Additional analysis that controls for sample selection bias does not change the result. This result may vary from previous studies because the student population was non-traditional and therefore more motivated and dedicated to learning in any format. This result has important policy implications since the adult student population in the US accounts for about 40 per cent of the higher education market.
Work-School Conflict and Coping Strategies: Perceptions of Taiwanese Non-Traditional Students in Technological and Vocational Colleges
Authors: Chen Ching-Yi , Fischer Jerome , Biller Ernie
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was designed to measure non-traditional students' perceptions of role conflicts between work and school and subsequent coping strategies, and to determine factors relevant to both role conflicts and coping. A survey was developed and implemented to investigate the continuing education issues. Results were based on 485 useable responses from non-traditional students in technological and vocational colleges in Taiwan, with a return rate of 80.83 per cent. This study found marital status had a significant effect on work-school conflict, and coping strategies. Single students had a higher degree of work-school conflict and the married students were better at coping. In addition, maturity, defined by combining age and years of work experience, was shown to have a significant inverse relationship with work-school conflict (greater maturity the less conflict) and a positive relationship with coping strategies. For the participants in this study, there were significant relationships among the subcategories of work-school conflict including development conflict, quality conflict, and coping strategies.
Frontal Intermittent Rhythmic Delta Activity (FIRDA) in the Neurological Intensive Care: Prevalence, Determinants, and Clinical Significance
Authors: Dericioglu Nese , Khasiyev Farid , Arsava E. Murat , Topcuoglu M. Akif
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Frontal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (FIRDA), a transient rhythmic slow wave pattern over the anterior EEG leads, has been reported in a wide variety of cerebral lesions and different metabolic disturbances. Few authors have analyzed the frequency and clinical significance of FIRDA in the critical care setting. We aimed to better understand these issues in our intensive care cohort and if possible, try to delineate its underlying mechanisms. Methods. Video-EEG reports of consecutive adult patients in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU) since 2009 were retrospectively reviewed to identify cases with FIRDA. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained from EEG reports and patient charts. Age- and sex-matched patients with acute stroke, hospitalized in NICU and no FIRDA on video-EEG monitoring served as the control group. Results. Among 162 patients who underwent video-EEG monitoring, FIRDA was documented in 17%. Female prevalence was 50% and age ranged from 23 to 82 years. Twenty-three (82%) of patients with FIRDA had a diagnosis of stroke. Comparison of demographic characteristics, EEG findings, metabolic disturbances and prognoses revealed no differences between stroke cases with and without FIRDA, except for higher frequency of acute and chronic isolated posterior circulation infarcts in patients with FIRDA. Conclusion. FIRDA is more commonly encountered in the neurocritical care setting as compared with outpatient EEG clinics. Our findings in stroke patients indicate that involved vascular territories may be related to the generation of FIRDA.
3D Vision Provides Shorter Operative Time and More Accurate Intraoperative Surgical Performance in Laparoscopic Hiatal Hernia Repair Compared With 2D Vision
Authors: Leon Piera , Rivellini Roberta , Giudici Fabiola , Sciuto Antonio , Pirozzi Felice , Corcione Francesco
Published: January 2017

Background. The aim of this study is to evaluate if 3-dimensional high-definition (3D) vision in laparoscopy can prompt advantages over conventional 2D high-definition vision in hiatal hernia (HH) repair. Study design. Between September 2012 and September 2015, we randomized 36 patients affected by symptomatic HH to undergo surgery; 17 patients underwent 2D laparoscopic HH repair, whereas 19 patients underwent the same operation in 3D vision. Results. No conversion to open surgery occurred. Overall operative time was significantly reduced in the 3D laparoscopic group compared with the 2D one (69.9 vs 90.1 minutes, P = .006). Operative time to perform laparoscopic crura closure did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. We observed a tendency to a faster crura closure in the 3D group in the subgroup of patients with mesh positioning (7.5 vs 8.9 minutes, P = .09). Nissen fundoplication was faster in the 3D group without mesh positioning ( P = .07). Conclusions. 3D vision in laparoscopic HH repair helps surgeon’s visualization and seems to lead to operative time reduction. Advantages can result from the enhanced spatial perception of narrow spaces. Less operative time and more accurate surgery translate to benefit for patients and cost savings, compensating the high costs of the 3D technology. However, more data from larger series are needed to firmly assess the advantages of 3D over 2D vision in laparoscopic HH repair.
Learning Curve Associated With an Automated Laparoscopic Suturing Device Compared With Laparoscopic Suturing
Authors: Leeds Steven G. , Wooley Lizzy , Sankaranarayanan Ganesh , Daoud Yahya , Fleshman James , Chauhan Sanket
Published: January 2017

Background. Laparoscopic suturing has proved to be a challenging skill to master which may prevent surgical procedures from being started, or completed, in a minimally invasive fashion. The aim of this study is to compare the learning curves between traditional laparoscopic techniques with a novel suturing device. Methods. In this prospective single blinded nonrandomized controlled crossover study, we recruited 19 general surgery residents ranging from beginner (PGY1-2, n = 12) to advanced beginner (PGY3-5, n = 7). They were assigned to perform a knot tying and suturing task using either Endo360 or traditional laparoscopic technique (TLT) with needle holders before crossing over to the other method. The proficiency standards were developed by collecting the data for task completion time (TCT in seconds), dots on target (DoT in numbers), and total deviation (D in mm) on 5 expert attending surgeons (mean ± 2SD). The test subjects were “proficient” when they reached these standards 2 consecutive times. Results. Number of attempts to complete the task was collected for Endo360 and TLT. A significant difference was observed between mean number of attempts to reach proficiency for Endo360 versus TLT ( P = .0027) in both groups combined, but this was not statistically significant in the advanced beginner group. TCT was examined for both methods and demonstrated significantly less time to complete the task for Endo360 versus TLT ( P < .0001). There were significantly less DoT for Endo360 as compared with TLT ( P < .0001), which was also associated with significantly less D ( P < .0001) indicating lower accuracy with Endo360. However, no significant difference was observed between the groups for increasing number of trials for both DoT and D. Conclusions. This novel suturing device showed a shorter learning curve with regard to number of attempts to complete a task for the beginner group in our study, but matched the learning curve in the advanced beginner group. With regard to time to complete the task, the device was faster in both groups.
Teaching Decision Making With Serious Games
Authors: Rhodes Rebecca E. , Kopecky Jonathon , Bos Nathan , McKneely Jennifer , Gertner Abigail , Zaromb Franklin , Perrone Alexander , Spitaletta Jason
Published: January 2017

Game-based training may have different characteristics than other forms of instruction. The independent validation of the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) Sirius program evaluated game-based cognitive bias training across several games with a common set of control groups. Control groups included a professionally produced video that taught the same cognitive biases and an unrelated video that did not teach any biases. Knowledge was tested immediately after training and after a delay. This article presents the results from the two phases of the Sirius program. Game-based training showed advantages in teaching bias mitigation skills (procedural knowledge) but had no advantage over video instruction in teaching people to answer explicit questions about biases (declarative knowledge). Overall, training effects persisted over time, and games performed as well as and in some cases better than the video-based instruction for knowledge retention. Our results suggest that serious games can be an effective training tool, particularly for teaching procedural knowledge.
Computerized tomography angiography by direct intra-aortic low volume contrast injection in patients being evaluated for EVAR
Authors: Teixeira Pedro GR , Clavijo Leonardo C , Wilcox Alison G , Weaver Fred A
Published: January 2017

Background

Computerized tomography angiography is an important tool for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm planning. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of computerized tomography angiography using direct intra-aortic injection of low volume of iodinated contrast in patients being considered for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Design

A 5F high-flow angiographic catheter was positioned in the mid-thoracic aorta through femoral percutaneous access. Computerized tomography angiography was performed with image acquisition starting simultaneously with power injection of 10 mL of iopamidol 76% diluted with normal saline to 50 mL, at 6 mL/s through the angiographic catheter. Aortic enhancement was assessed with a circular region-of-interest within the aorta. Values ≥150 HU were considered adequate.

Results

Nine patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and chronic renal dysfunction underwent computerized tomography angiography with intra-arterial contrast injection for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm planning. Mean age 78.8 ± 5.0 years, mean baseline creatinine 1.8 ± 0.4 mg/dL and mean glomerular filtration rate 36.8 ± 4.2 mL/min. Adequate computerized tomography angiography aortic enhancement was obtained in all cases (mean intra-aortic density: 300.4 ± 72.8 HU). The total contrast volume used for the computerized tomography angiography and the endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm combined was 30.0 ± 21.4 mL. Seventy-five percent of the patients received ≤30 mL of contrast. No significant renal function deterioration occurred (creatinine clearance pre- and post-procedure 36.8 ± 4.2 mL/min versus 38.6 ± 6.1 mL/min, p = 0.32). Successful endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm was achieved in eight patients. One patient underwent open treatment based on computerized tomography angiography information. No endoleak or aneurysm growth occurred (median follow-up: 121 days (range 36–1242)).

Conclusion

Direct intra-aortic injection of low volume of iodinated contrast provides adequate and reproducible pattern of aortic enhancement on computerized tomography angiography. The computerized tomography angiography so acquired can be used for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm limiting the total volume of iodinated contrast required.
Self-efficacy and paradoxical dependence in chronic back pain: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Cummings Elizabeth C , van Schalkwyk Gerrit I , Grunschel Beth DG , Snyder Mary K , Davidson Larry
Published: January 2017

Objectives

Patients with chronic back pain encounter considerable psychological and social challenges. In particular, the ever-evolving relationship between chronic back pain, sense of self-efficacy, and perceived role in interpersonal relationships merits further investigation.

Methods

We conducted in-person semi-structured interviews with 20 adult patients attending a specialized interventional spine pain clinic. The interview transcripts were subjected to inductive thematic analysis, and themes were labeled descriptively. Participant responses were intentionally not analyzed within the context of an existing theoretical framework, so that the content of participant responses would directly drive the emphasis of the findings.

Results

Participants described chronic back pain as a lonely struggle amid diminished capacity to work, enjoy leisure time, and contribute to social relationships. Feelings of needing to handle pain independently contrasted with the reality of having to rely on others for help, and this tension was a source of anxiety.

Discussion

The experience of chronic back pain was characterized by a conflict between the desire for self-efficacy, a sense of isolation, and the paradoxical need to rely on others. Interventions that allow patients to navigate this struggle by seeking help for their diminished capability, while retaining a sense of autonomy and self-worth, are indicated.
Ethical perspectives in Latin America’s journalism community: A comparative analysis of acceptance of controversial practice for investigative reporting
Authors: Joyce Vanessa de M Higgins , Saldaña Magdalena , Weiss Amy Schmitz , Alves Rosental C
Published: January 2017

Latin Americans are living in an unprecedented era of democracy while experiencing a spike in investigative journalism production. Investigative journalism holds its own conundrums of ethical decision-making related to techniques used and consequences of its content. This study analyzes ethical interpretations in the region’s investigative journalism community through a comparative analysis based on a survey conducted with journalists, journalism educators, and students from 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries. Our findings highlight the prevalence of a deontological perspective to ethics, with the majority of the respondents rejecting the use of soft-lies as investigative techniques. The study found, however, variability in ethical perspective within Latin America and Caribbean’s geo-cultural regions, with Central America and the Caribbean region leading in opposition and Brazil and the Southern Cone indicating more lenience toward controversial practices. When it comes to source-related controversial techniques, the journalism community in the region overwhelmingly rejects such practices.
Political economy of Huawei’s market strategies in the Nigerian telecommunication market
Authors: Ojo Tokunbo
Published: January 2017

The growing internationalization of Chinese telecommunication companies’ business operation beyond the shore of Asian region is reconfiguring the global markets of telecommunication, and information and communication technologies in terms of chain of distribution, competition, and partnership. This is particularly evident in the African telecommunication markets where Huawei is now challenging the European and American multinational companies’ market dominance in telecommunication infrastructures, network expansion, and equipment supply. This article examines the political economy of Huawei’s business strategies and engagement in the Nigerian telecommunication sector, which is the biggest telecommunication market in the West African region.
Diabetes and bone health: latest evidence and clinical implications
Authors: Sundararaghavan Vikram , Mazur Matthew M. , Evans Brad , Liu Jiayong , Ebraheim Nabil A.
Published: January 2017

As the prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, research on some of the lesser-known effects, including impaired bone health, are gaining a lot of attention. The two most common forms of diabetes are type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These two differ in their physiology, with T1DM stemming from an inability to produce insulin, and T2DM involving an insufficient response to the insulin that is produced. This review aims to highlight the most current information regarding diabetes as it relates to bone health. It looks at biochemical changes that characterize diabetic bone; notably increased adiposity, altered bone metabolism, and variations in bone mineral density (BMD). Then several hypotheses are analyzed, concerning how these changes may be detrimental to the highly orchestrated processes that are involved in bone formation and turnover, and ultimately result in the distinguishing features of diabetic bone. The review proceeds by explaining the effects of antidiabetes medications on bone health, then highlighting several ways that diabetes can play a part in other clinical treatment outcomes. With diabetes negatively affecting bone health and creating other clinical problems, and its treatment options potentiating these effects, physicians should consider the use of anti-osteoporotic drugs to supplement standard anti-diabetes medications in patients suffering with diabetic bone loss.
Perceptions of Police Misconduct Among University Students: Do Race and Academic Major Matter?
Authors: Sethuraju Raj , Sole Jason , Oliver Brian E. , Prew Paul
Published: January 2017

While much previous research has looked at how race influences perceptions about police misconduct, very little research has explored races outside of Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics. Additionally, although research has explored how academic major affects college students’ attitudes about a variety of criminal justice issue, only recently has research begun to explore the impact that college major has on attitudes toward the police and perceptions about police misconduct. Using data from surveys given to students from three universities, this study explores the extent to which being White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American as well as majoring in law enforcement, criminal justice, and other disciplines influences perceptions students have about police misconduct. The findings indicate that race plays an important role related to perceptions about both general and neighborhood-level police misconduct and that academic major does have an influential impact on perceptions about police misconduct in general but does not significantly influence perceptions about neighborhood-level police misconduct.
The Role of Personality in Impulse Buying Behavior
Authors: Sofi Shakeel Ahmad , Nika Fayaz Ahmad
Published: January 2017

The main objective of the current study is to unearth the influence of personality as an intrinsic ingredient on consumer behavior vis-à-vis impulsive buying behavior. Based on structural model and following the application EFA and CFA on 630 prospective consumers in the different parts of Jammu and Kashmir, findings have confirmed that “personality” as an intrinsic catalyst has significant bearing on both positive and negative indicators of an impulsive buy. Furthermore, a sub-structural model in the present study has significant bearing in consumer world as it has disintegrated select personality dimensions into positive and negative influencers of buying tendencies.
Results of minimal invasive coracoclavicular fixation by double button lift-up system in Neer type II distal clavicle fractures
Authors: Dedeoğlu Süleyman Semih , İmren Yunus , Çabuk Haluk , Çakar Murat , Arslan Samet Murat , Esenyel Cem Zeki
Published: January 2017

Aim:

We aimed to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes of indirect fracture reduction performed by coracoclavicular fixation with minimal invasive double button lift-up system in Neer type IIa unstable fractures of distal clavicle.

Material and methods:

22 patients with Neer type 2 distal clavicle fracture were enrolled in that prospective study. All patients underwent indirect reduction and osteosynthesis performed by coracoclavicular fixation with minimal invasive double button lift-up system. Postoperative follow-up was carried out clinically and radiologically with plain X-rays and utilization of Constant and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment (ASES) shoulder scores. Mean follow-up time was 15 months. A standard sling was applied for 2 weeks, postoperatively. Rehabilitation program was started on postoperative day 1.

Results:

Mean age was 39 (range: 21–60), 18 of the patients were male. Right dominant extremity was affected in 14 patients. Mean duration of the surgical intervention was 40 min (range: 30–55 min). Mean union time was found to be 14 weeks (range: 7–21 weeks). Mean postoperative ASES and Constant scores were 79.9 (66.9–88.3) and 82.2 (71–100), respectively. The duration of return to normal daily activities were found to be 4.5 months. Any loss of reduction, AC joint arthrosis, and clavicular shortening were not detected in X-rays.

Conclusion:

This study has demonstrated that indirect osteosynthesis performed by coracoclavicular fixation with double button lift-up system in the treatment of unstable Neer type IIa fractures of the distal clavicle had successful clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes.
Spontaneous healing of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury and improved quality of life after total hip arthroplasty via a direct anterior approach
Authors: Ozaki Yu , Homma Yasuhiro , Baba Tomonori , Sano Kei , Desroches Asuka , Kaneko Kazuo
Published: January 2017

Purpose:

How the symptomatology of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury changes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) via direct anterior approach (DAA) is not known. Our hypothesis was that the symptoms of LFCN injury after THA via DAA in longer follow-up periods would resolve spontaneously, leading to an improved quality of life (QOL). The aims of this study were to investigate how the symptom LFCN injury changed after DAA–THA, and how those changes affected QOL.

Methods:

We investigated the incidence of LFCN injury after DAA–THA using self-reported questionnaires at two time points (initial survey: August 2014, present survey: August 2015). QOL was assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Types (dysesthesia or hypesthesia) and changes of the symptom were surveyed.

Results:

About 122 hips at average12.8 months postoperatively (initial survey), and of those, 89 hips at average 26.2 months postoperatively (present survey) were analyzed. The incidence of LFCN injury decreased significantly, from 31.9% to 11.2% ( p < 0.001). Spontaneous improvement of symptoms was seen in 96%. The difference of FJS-12 between patients with and without LFCN injury at the initial survey disappeared at the present survey. The dysesthesia group showed significant correlations between rate of improvement in LFCN injury and increase of QOL.

Conclusion:

Most symptoms of LFCN injury resolved spontaneously with longer follow-up periods. In particular, improvement of dysesthesia as a symptom of LFCN injury was associated with better QOL.
Figurative Language in Arabic E-Commerce Text
Authors: Ahmad Rizwan , Torlakova Ludmila , Liginlal Divakaran , Meeds Robert
Published: January 2017

Based on an analysis of a corpus of Arabic e-commerce websites, this article investigates the use of figurative language in e-business texts. While our focus is on metaphors, we also incorporate the related concept of metonymy to explain the data. Using the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and discourse analysis, we examine the linguistic and conceptual metaphors used in e-commerce texts. The empirical analysis demonstrates that the metaphor of COMPANIES ARE LIVING ORGANISMS is the most prevailing one and provides the cognitive frame within which the e-commerce texts are constructed. Entailments and specifications of this cognitive metaphor further structure the texts. Other cognitive metaphors that underlie the text are those of a FORWARD MOVEMENT, PATH—GOAL, and COMPANIES ARE COMPLEX STRUCTURES. On a more general level, we show that despite the fact that the e-commerce text is in Arabic, the underlying cognitive framework is not much different from that in other Western languages. We do, however, find some linguistic strategies that attempt to make the text sound more typically Arabic.
Valproate in the Treatment of Acute Mania
Authors: Holtzer Christopher D , Echaves Stephen A
Published: January 2017

Objective:

To determine whether valproate is effective for the acute treatment of mania.

Data Sources:

Pertinent literature was identified through a MEDLINE search.

Study Selection:

Blinded, controlled, or other high-quality trials with adequate sample size evaluating valproate in the treatment of acute mania were selected.

Data Extraction:

Study selection for the review was based on the quality of the trial and the clinical endpoint of control of acute manic symptoms using valproate.

Data Synthesis:

Acute manic episodes in bipolar disease are disabling and dangerous. A minority of acutely manic patients either do not respond to treatment with lithium or cannot tolerate its adverse effects. Valproate is a viable but slightly less effective alternative in the patients who cannot use lithium.

Conclusions:

Combined analysis of all studies examined in this article yields a success rate of 54% for valproate in the treatment of acute mania. This efficacy rate recommends valproate as suitable alternative treatment for acutely manic patients who do not respond to lithium or cannot tolerate its adverse effects.
Lack of Effect of Frost-Free Refrigeration on the Volume of Antibiotic Liquids
Authors: Erramouspe John
Published: January 2017

Objective:

To determine whether sealing liquid penicillin bottles in resealable plastic bags during storage in a household frost-free refrigerator prevents clinically significant evaporative losses.

Design:

Sixty bottles of penicillin VK 250 mg/5 mL, 100 mL (10 bottles from each of 6 different manufacturers: Apothecon, Biocraft, Lederle, SmithKline Beecham, Warner-Chilcott, and Wyeth-Ayerst) were mixed according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Five bottles from each manufacturer were stored inside a resealable plastic bag and the other 5 bottles were stored outside a bag (both at 2–8 °C in a frost-free refrigerator). Twice daily, 5-mL doses were removed from the bottles. The mean total volume removed from bottles stored inside resealable plastic bags was compared with that from bottles stored outside bags.

Results:

There was no difference in the average total amount removed from bottles between the two storage conditions.

Conclusions:

Sealing bottles containing liquid penicillin in plastic bags during storage in a household frost-free refrigerator seems to offer no advantage in protection from volume depletion via evaporation over 10 days. Factors other than evaporation are probably responsible when antibiotics that require refrigeration have insufficient volume to provide the expected number of doses.
Efficacy of text-message reminders on paediatric malaria treatment adherence and their post-treatment return to health facilities in Kenya: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Talisuna Ambrose O. , Oburu Amos , Githinji Sophie , Malinga Josephine , Amboko Beatrice , Bejon Philip , Jones Caroline , Snow Robert W. , Zurovac Dejan
Published: January 2017

Background

Short Message Service (SMS) reminders have been suggested as a potential intervention for improving adherence to medications and health facility attendance.

Methods

An open-label, randomized, controlled trial to test the efficacy of automated SMS reminders in improving adherence to artemether–lumefantrine (AL) and post-treatment attendance in comparison with standard care was conducted at four health facilities in western Kenya. Children below five years of age with uncomplicated malaria were randomized to intervention (SMS reminders) or control groups. Within each study group they were further randomized to three categories, which determined the timing of home visits to measure adherence to complete AL course and to individual AL doses. A sub-set of caregivers was advised to return to the facility on day 3 and all were advised to return after 28 days. The primary outcomes were adherence to medication and return on day 3. The primary analysis was by intention-to-treat.

Results

Between 9 June, 2014 and 26 February, 2016, 1677 children were enrolled. Of 562 children visited at home on day 3, all AL doses were completed for 97.6% (282/289) of children in the control and 97.8% (267/273) in the intervention group (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.37–3.33; p = 0.860). When correct timing in taking each dose was considered a criteria for adherence, 72.3% (209/289) were adherent in the control and 69.2% (189/273) in the intervention group (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.56–1.19; p = 0.302). Sending SMS reminders significantly increased odds of children returning to the facility on day 3 (81.4 vs 74.0%; OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.15–2.08; p = 0.004) and on day 28 (63.4 vs 52.5%; OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.30–1.92; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

In this efficacy trial, SMS reminders increased post-treatment return to the health facility, but had no effect on AL adherence which was high in both control and intervention groups. Further effectiveness studies under the real world conditions are needed to determine the optimum role of SMS reminders.

Trial registrationISRCTN39512726
Assessing healthcare service quality: a comparative study of patient treatment types
Authors: Lee DonHee , Kim Kai K.
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of healthcare service quality (HEALTHQUAL) measurement items. First, the proposed measurement items for HEALTHQUAL were tested using data collected from a hospital in South Korea with more than 500 beds. The data set included 365 patients and 232 public respondents. ANOVA and t-tests were used to perform a comparative analysis of HEALTHQUAL measurement items among three patient treatment groups (inpatients, outpatients, and family members of patients in the emergency room) and between the patient and general public groups. The results indicated significant differences among measurement items of HEALTHQUAL depending on the type of patient treatment, while there were no significant differences among measurement items of HEALTHQUAL between patients and the public.
Framework for a Ground-Motion Model for Induced Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis in the Groningen Gas Field, The Netherlands
Authors: Bommer Julian J. , Stafford Peter J. , Edwards Benjamin , Dost Bernard , van Dedem Ewoud , Rodriguez-Marek Adrian , Kruiver Pauline , van Elk Jan , Doornhof Dirk , Ntinalexis Michail
Published: January 2017

The potential for building damage and personal injury due to induced earthquakes in the Groningen gas field is being modeled in order to inform risk management decisions. To facilitate the quantitative estimation of the induced seismic hazard and risk, a ground motion prediction model has been developed for response spectral accelerations and duration due to these earthquakes that originate within the reservoir at 3 km depth. The model is consistent with the motions recorded from small-magnitude events and captures the epistemic uncertainty associated with extrapolation to larger magnitudes. In order to reflect the conditions in the field, the model first predicts accelerations at a rock horizon some 800 m below the surface and then convolves these motions with frequency-dependent nonlinear amplification factors assigned to zones across the study area. The variability of the ground motions is modeled in all of its constituent parts at the rock and surface levels.
Castas, Creoles, and the Rise of a Maya Lingua Franca in Eighteenth-Century Yucatan
Authors: Lentz Mark
Published: January 2017

Although indigenous languages elsewhere in the Americas declined during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in eighteenth-century Yucatan fluency and literacy in Yucatec Maya became more common among castas and creoles. During the later colonial period, interpreters were readily available, with an upsurge in literacy in Maya among criollo clergymen, merchants, militia officers, and provincial administrators. They in turn observed that almost as many mestizo and Afro-Yucatecan subjects and parishioners spoke only Yucatec Maya as their indigenous counterparts. In criminal cases, indigenous, casta, and even creole witnesses and suspects required interpreters to translate their statements. This article builds on earlier research into indigenous-language documentation but shifts its emphasis to mundane genres produced by non-Mayas, demonstrating that the linguistic persistence of Yucatec Maya should be viewed not only as an instance of effective cultural preservation but also as an example of multidirectional transculturation.
Animating and exploring phylogenies with fibre plots
Authors: Pearse William D.
Published: January 2017

Despite the progress that has been made in the visualisation of information since Haeckel's time, phylogenetic visualisation has moved forward remarkably little. In this brief essay, I give a short review of what I consider to be some recent major advances, and outline a new kind of phylogenetic visualisation. This new graphic, the fibre plot, uses the metaphor of sections through a tree to describe change in a phylogeny. As an animation, I suggest it is a powerful method to help interpret large phylogenetic hypotheses, although snapshots of it can also be displayed. As we enter the Anthropocene, I argue there has never been a greater need to know humanity's true place in the world, as depicted in the tree of life.
Operational IR-model Design
Authors: ����������  , Ponomareva Tatyana , ���������  , Balberina Aleksandra
Published: January 2017

Project and operational management approaches to the process of organizing some new company activities might be an effective business solution. One of such tools or activities is called roadshow and it is generally considered as one of the best types of interaction with the investors. Today in Russia there are numerous blank spots in the analysis of IR-professionals� tools. Despite playing a vital role in the ability of corporations to attract capital and to create positive reputation the concept of investor relations (IR) has little attention in scholarly research. This research aims to design the reference operational model of road-show applying a combination of qualitative methods. The data will be gained by the deployment of primary and secondary sources (cases, literature review). Data analyzing will allow to identify the most important operations within road show. Except the theoretical implications this research will provide IR-professionals project and event-managers with the helpful project and operational instrument for running a successful investor roadshows.
Personnel Policy in the Public Sector of the Russian Federation
Authors: Гарнов  , Garnov Andrey , Топчий  , Topchiy V.
Published: January 2017

In the context of globalization, the efficient use of intellectual and human resource capacity takes one of the key positions, as the quality of the performed functions depends on it. The creation of an effective system of public administration is the foundation of dynamic and all-round development of the state. Personnel policy plays a great role in the process of public administration, since it sets a general course on the formation of the requirements to public servants.
Cost Management with Сost-killing
Authors: Макиева  , Makieva E.
Published: January 2017

This article deals with the process of cost management. The author provides

a description of cost-killing as a method of cost management and the ways of its

application with regard to the productive capacity, personnel, inventory, logistics

and distribution management, reveals a need for optimization of and rationing

variable costs of production by constructing an econometric model.
Concept Approaches to Information Education Environment Designing for Education Professional Managers Training
Authors: Лазарева  , Lazareva M. , Новикова  , Novikova Tatyana , Никулина  , Nikulina N.
Published: January 2017

The article gives approaches to information education environment designing, which provide education professional managers training of capital

educational organizations. The authors describe the principles of information education environment designing and its main components such as

information education resources, means of communication and educational technologies (including mentoring).
Industry-Specific Training in Senior High School on the Basis of Integration of General and Further Education
Authors: Юрова  , Yurova A.
Published: January 2017

The article considers the peculiarities of organization of profi le training on the basis of integration of general and further education. An effi cient

experience of the Moscow senior high school is presented.
Implementation of the Standard Requirements for the Study of Polyhedrons
Authors: Васильева  , Vasileva Marina
Published: January 2017

The article describes the implementation of the requirements of the standard in the study of polyhedrons for profi le level. The organization of active

teaching and learning activities of students with the introduction of concepts of the subject is shown. Using the problematic situation with the

introduction of concepts, using an analogy, combining the front group and individual work, promotes the formation steps of formulating and solving

the problems that are part of the universal cognitive learning activities. Solving the problem, hypothesizing, defending own point of view, requires the

student correctly formulate the basic facts proving faithful view that promotes the formation of universal educational communication actions.

In the profi le classes the study of material should be systematic and perform function of preparation for further education. Defi nition of polyhedron gets

a diff erent meaning depending on how you defi ne a polygon. Polygon is the main element of the polyhedron surface. The study of polygons actually

continues throughout the learning of mathematics in high school. In the process of teaching section of the polyhedrons can be used similar to the

relevant issues of plane geometry course but it should be used carefully, because it may not always lead to plausible conclusions. Using the analogy

between the actions of basic geometric concepts will help in the formulation of the defi nitions of new concepts.
In Memory of N.P. Laverov: “Principles of Sustainable Development will be Determinative in Society of XXI Century”
Authors: Мустафин  , Mustafin D.
Published: January 2017

November 27, 2016 died an outstanding Russian scientist, scientific director of the Higher College of rational nature of Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, emeritus professor of Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Nikolay Pavlovich Laverov. The President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Natalya Tarasova said that it is an irreparable loss for science, for the world natural science. Despite the tremendous burden in public and academic spheres Academician N.P. Laverov considered the work with students of the Institute of Chemistry and Problems of Sustainable Development of Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia as important and urgent. He was convinced that on knowledge that students acquire today depends largely the future of our country. Academician N.P. Laverov’s lectures in Mendeleev University always ended with applause: students were fond of their lecturer, not because next to his name was placed plenty of prestigious titles, but because the knowledge that shared Nikolay Pavlovich, were more expensive than all the awards and titles.
Methods and Tools of Seismic Risk Assessment and Reduction. Overview
Authors: Метелкин  , Metelkin E. , Акатьев  , Akatev Vladimir , Нигметов  , Nigmetov G.
Published: January 2017

The article considers approaches to the analysis and management of seismic risk. In chronological order a summary of the

seismographs, methods of assessing the risk of seismic events, the scale of earthquakes and seismic zoning area is presented.

An expression for the quantitative assessment of seismic risk is presented. It is shown that in the management of seismic risk in

Russia the researches in the field of methods for real-time prediction of strong earthquakes and earthquake-proof construction

are especially relevant in the near future. The analysis of the factors that best determine the seismic risk is carried out.
Current situation of Helicobacter pylori infection in Indonesia
Authors: Syam Ari F.
Published: January 2017

Data epidemiologi infeksi Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) terus berubah dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Indonesia dilaporkan memiliki prevalensi infeksi H. pylori yang rendah dibandingkan dengan negara lain di Asia. Beberapa penelitian di Indonesia melaporkan bahwa sanitasi yang buruk, usia, agama, etnis merupakan faktor risiko untuk infeksi H. pylori. Dibandingkan dengan tes diagnostik lainnya, tes urine merupakan tes yang dapat diandalkan untuk mendeteksi H. pylori di Indonesia karena tes tersebut bersifat non-invasif dengan harga yang cukup terjangkau dan memiliki akurasi yang tinggi. Meskipun banyak penelitian telah dilakukan mengenai prevalensi infeksi H. pylori pada beberapa etnis di Indonesia, peneliti masih memiliki beberapa pertanyaan yang belum terjawab mengenai infeksi H. pylori di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan untuk membangun pusat penelitian H. pylori yang menyediakan fasilitas untuk kultur, evaluasi resistensi antibiotik, dan memperoleh informasi genotipe yang dapat menjelaskan perbedaan dalam infeksi H. pylori di antara berbagai etnis di Indonesia

The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been changing over the past decades. Indonesia was reported have a low prevalence of H. pylori infection compared to other countries in Asia. Some studies in Indonesia have evaluated that poor sanitation, age, religion, ethnicity are the risk factors for H. pylori infection. Compared to other diagnostic tests, the urine test will be reliable for the detection of H. pylori in Indonesia because it is non-invasive and low cost with high accuracy. Although we have already performed studies on the prevalence of H. pylori infection in several ethnics, we still have some questions that remain unclear regarding H. pylori infection in Indonesia. Therefore, we have a need to build a H. pylori center that provide facilities for culturing, evaluating antibiotic resistance, and obtaining the genotype information that may explain the differences in H. pylori infection among ethnic groups in Indonesia.
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among patients with different gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhussaini Mohammed S.
Published: January 2017

Background: Helicobacter pylori is an important gastrointestinal pathogen associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and an increased risk of gastric carcinoma. The present study was carried out to determine the relationship between this organism with different gastrointestinal ailments.Methods: 150 outpatients referrals to Saudi Arabian Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was recruited in January to June 2015. Each patient was subjected to endoscopic examination. Biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach for rapid urease test and culture. Suspected H. pylori colonies were subjected to colony morphology identification, microscopical examination and biochemical reactions. The samples were also subjected to PCR to detect ureA subunit of urease gene.Results: The endoscopic examination of patients revealed normal, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, and gastric cancer with a rate of 20.7%, 20%, 24%, 33.3%, and 2%, respectively. Direct smear exam revealed that 52% of patients were H. pylori positive while culture and rapid urease test showed a prevalence of 71.33%. Fifty four biopsies (36%) were urease positive after 1 hour at room temperature, 39 (62%) after 1 hour incubation at 37°C and 14 (71.33%) after 24 hours incubation. Isolated H. pylori showed that they were catalase, oxidase, and urease positive. PCR results showed 411-bp fragment, which is indicative for the ureA subunit of urease gene.Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was high among tested population. Strong association between H. pylori and duodenal ulcer was noticed. A 411-bp fragment indicative of the ureA subunit of urease gene was detected in all the tested isolates.
Let Freedom Reign: A Case Study Exploring the Extent to which H.E. Students Choose ‘New’ Forms of Pedagogy and Technology in a Student-led Project
Authors: Shukie Peter John
Published: January 2017

This case study explores what happens when a cohort of second year undergraduates on a BA in Education Studies are given open access to create a learning object using any technology, and any pedagogical approach they choose. The focus of the project is on establishing the extent to which technology leads to transformative approaches to pedagogy. A Taoist perspective demonstrates the tension of a ‘yin’ approach to collaborative learning with yang reflecting teacher-led instruction. Back Channel learning highlights behind the scenes use of technology that suggests study practices have altered despite, not because of, institutional influence.
Designing Blended Learning to Foster Students’ Digital Information Literacy: Developing an In(ter)vention
Authors: Schwenger Bettina Kathrin
Published: January 2017

How to integrate online with face-to-face learning appropriately is an often-discussed question as New Zealand tertiary institutions increasingly offer blended learning. In this context, there is a need to develop students’ academic literacy, for example digital information literacy (DIL) as its significance for study (Feekery, 2013) and workplace (Bruce, 2004) success is well recognised. Embedding DIL in a blended learning course offers teachers options to create additional learning and practice opportunities for students. My research explores how blended learning design can support DIL, with a particular focus on the potential of online learning affordances. The article reports on the iterative process of creating an embedded digital information literacy (DIL) in(ter)vention aligned with the assessment in a first-year undergraduate course and focuses on the four online resources developed. The research is still in progress and this article therefore addresses the development process rather than the findings.