bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ РТУТИ В ЭПИФИТНЫХ ЛИШАЙНИКАХ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КРЫМ
Authors: Евстафьева Елена Владимировна , Богданова Анна Михайловна , Большунова Татьяна Сергеевна , Барановская Наталья Владимировна , Осипова Нина Александровна
Published: July 2019

В продолжение биомониторинговых исследований ртути на территории Крымского полуострова, направленных на реализацию системного подхода к изучению ее распределения между компонентами биосферы и разработки региональных экологических нормативов этого и других металлов, проведено определение содержания ртути в эпифитных лишайниках, являющихся природными планшетами атмосферной эмиссии тяжелых металлов. Цель: определить и оценить содержание ртути в пробах эпифитных лишайников, отобранных в центральном, южном, юго-восточном и восточном регионах Крымского полуострова. Методы. Содержание ртути в лишайниках видов Xanthoria parietina, Evernia prunastri и Evernia mesomorpha определяли атомно-абсорбционным методом с использованием анализатора ртути с зеемановской коррекцией неселективного поглощения «РА-915М», пиролитической приставки «ПИРО-915+» и пакета программ RA915Р в МИНОЦ «Урановая геология» Томского политехнического университета, и методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой в аккредитованном химико-аналитическом центре «Плазма» (г. Томск). Результаты. Содержание ртути в эпифитных лишайниках, отобранных преимущественно на заповедных территориях южного региона Крыма, а также в парковых зонах городов его центрального, юго-восточного и восточного регионов и вблизи очистных сооружений варьировало в пределах от 0,054 до 0,306 мкг/г и не отличалось от фоновых значений содержания ртути в лишайниках на других территориях Российской Федерации. В то же время наблюдалась существенная неоднородность в территориальном распределении ртути: в лишайниках парковых зон на территории городов ее содержание колебалось в пределах 0,063–0,088 мкг/г, а в горных и предгорных районах южного Крыма было выше в 2 раза. Это может быть связано с геоморфологическими и геохимическими особенностями Главной гряды (глубинные разломы ортогональной системы с ртутными рудопроявлениями и зонами геодинамической активности), а также ее барьерной функцией для воздушных масс, насыщенных морскими аэрозолями, содержащими ртуть. Помимо этого, как свидетельствуют данные моделирования экспертной группы Конвенции LRTAP, существенный вклад может вносить трансграничный перенос ртути. Вариабельность содержания ртути в лишайниках на условно фоновых территориях и интенсивное технологическое развитие Крыма диктуют необходимость дифференцированного подхода к оценке экологической ситуации в отношении этого глобального и опасного загрязнителя на различного типа территориях Крымского полуострова.
ФИЛЬТРАЦИЯ ЖИДКОСТЕЙ В АНОМАЛЬНЫХ КОЛЛЕКТОРАХ
Authors: Грачев Сергей Иванович , Коротенко Валентин Алексеевич , Кушакова Нелли Петровна , Кряквин Александр Борисович , Зотова Ольга Павловна
Published: July 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью разработки эксплуатационных объектов юрских и ачимовских отложений с низкими фильтрационными свойствами и залежей вязкопластичной нефти. Для исследования фильтрации флюидов в указанных коллекторах нельзя применять классический закон Дарси. Поэтому для прогнозирования технологических показателей разработки и расчёта добывных возможностей скважин следует учитывать возникающие особенности процессов фильтрации и вытеснения нефти. Цель: установление связи между параметром Лагранжа и начальным градиентом давления; определение значений параметра Лагранжа при нарушении пределов применимости закона Дарси; обоснование применения методов гидродинамического моделирования, разработанных для описания фильтрационных процессов вязкопластичной жидкости, к изучению движения флюидов в низкопроницаемых коллекторах. Объекты: высокопроницаемые коллектора, насыщенные высоковязкой (вязкопластичной) нефтью; низкопроницаемые пласты ачимовских и юрских отложений. Методы: интерпретация результатов лабораторных исследований керна; физическое моделирование фильтрационных процессов флюидов в аномальных коллекторах. Результаты. Отклонение от закона Дарси при фильтрации жидкостей в аномальных коллекторах определяется посредством вычисления значений параметра Лагранжа. Предложен способ определения нижней границы применимости закона Дарси, при нарушении которого для описания предлагаются две модели: с начальным градиентом давления и нелинейная модель. Для процессов фильтрации с нарушением верхнего предела применимости закона Дарси рассмотрена нелинейная модель. Приведены примеры определения параметра Лагранжа для случаев нарушения нижней и верхней границ закона Дарси. Для описания процессов фильтрации дилатантных и псевдопластических жидкостей вместо нелинейных уравнений предлагается использовать систему уравнений пьезопроводности. Показано, что методы решения гидродинамических задач фильтрации и вытеснения нефти, установленные для вязкопластичных нефтей, применимы и для низкопроницаемых коллекторов.
PRODUÇÃO DE MATERIAL DIDÁTICO PARA EDUCAÇÃO MEDIADA POR TECNOLOGIA APLICADA À SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Erivaldo da Silva , Burlamaqui Akynara Aglaé Rodrigues Santos da Silva , Dias Aline Pinho
Published: July 2019

A formação de profissionais, na área da saúde, gera significativas transformações nos processos de trabalho e consequente impacto na qualidade dos serviços prestados. Pesquisadores do Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica em Saúde (LAIS), desenvolveram o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem do Sistema Único de Saúde (AVASUS), com a finalidade de aliar formação de qualidade e em larga escala aos profissionais do SUS. Nesse contexto, surge um grande desafio que é a preparação de profissionais para elaboração de conteúdo para educação mediada por tecnologia. Neste estudo, investigou-se as dificuldades enfrentadas por conteudistas do AVASUS no processo de elaboração dos módulos para a educação em saúde mediada por tecnologia, a fim de obter subsídios para futuras proposições pedagógicas relacionadas à formação desses conteudistas. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada teve uma abordagem quali-qualitativa, a partir da aplicação de questionário de múltipla escolha, grupo focal e, finalmente, entrevistas individuais junto aos conteudistas com módulos finalizados, coordenadores de programa e servidores técnicos ligados ao processo de produção dos módulos. Assim, o levantamento realizado partiu de olhares diferentes, na perspectiva de identificação das necessidades, operacionais e pedagógicas, dos partícipes do processo, apurando resultados importantes, genuínos e inusitados. O estudo evidenciou que, 81% do público pesquisado nunca teve experiência na produção de material didático para EaD, em muitos casos, a maior dificuldade é escrever o material usando uma linguagem dialógica. Dessa maneira, propomos o desenvolvimento futuro de uma solução pedagógica eficaz para subsidiar aos conteudistas, oferecendo-lhes maior aporte para produzir material didático com dialogicidade e qualidade.
Ta’līm al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah fī Dhaui Tiknulujiya at-Ta’līm al-Iliktruni fī al-Fashli as-Sâbi’ bi al-Madrasah ats-Tsânawiyyah al-Dīniyyah al-‘Ilmiyyah al-Islâmiyyah Al-Azhar Cairo Palembang
Authors: Nazarmanto Nazarmanto
Published: July 2019

المدرّس كواحد من اصحاب الأولى تعليم اللغة أكثر تركز اهتمامه على كتاب الحزمة و يصعب ليخلق حالة من التعليم الإبداعيّ، تجديد وافرح. هذا البحث هدفه ليعرف أساس المدرسة تستعمل تكنولوجيا التعليم الإلكتروني و عملية تعليم اللغة العربية في ضوء تكنولوجيا التعليم الإلكتروني في الفصل السابع بالمدرسة الثانوية الدينية العلمية الإسلامية الأزهر قاهرة بالمبانج من أهدف، مادة، طرق، و تقويمها. أما أساس المدرسة يستعمل التعليم الإلكتروني (i-pad) في عملية التعليم هي بهذه الوسائل (i-pad) معلم و التلاميذ يسرعون التحصل الإعلام حين عملية التعليم و مادة الواسعة نطاقها. ثم بالوسائل (i-pad) لكي معلم يستطيع أن  يقتصد الوقت. عملية تعليم اللغة العربية في ضوء التعليم الإلكتروني في الفصل السابع بالمدرسة الثانوية الدينية العلمية الإسلامية الأزهر قاهرة بالمبانج من هدفها، مادتها، طرقها، و تقويمها وهي: هدفها، الأولى لتعريف 4 مهارات اللغة العربية إلى التلاميذ، وثانية التلاميذ يستطيعون أن يتكلم باللغة العربية. مادتها، التحية, و التعارف, الأسرة, السكن، الإستفهام، الضمير المنفصل، الضميير المتصل، الطعام و الشراب, الصلوات الخمس, الجدول الدراسي، العدد, الفعل الماضي, الفعل المضارع، سورة الغاشية, سورة الكافرون, دعاء الإفتتاح، سورة يوسف, سورة النحل, سورة لقمان.  طرقها، طريقة مباشرة كوسيلة أساسية، وأضاف مع وطريقة الأخرى مثل المحاضرة  والقراءة، و الإستقرائية، وسميعية شفوية، وقياسية. و تقويمها، تقويم في عملية التعليم،  وتقويم اليومية (PH)، وتقويم منتصف المرحلة (UTS)، تقويم الآخرة المرحلة (UAS).

الكلمات الأساسية: تعليم اللغة العربية، ضوء تكنولوجيا
Understanding Participant’s Behaviour in Massively Open Online Courses
Authors: Poellhuber Bruno , Roy Normand , Bouchoucha Ibtihel
Published: July 2019

As the offer of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) continues to grow around the world, a great deal of MOOC research has focused on their low success rates and used indicators that might be more appropriate for traditional degree-seeking students than for MOOC learners, who, because of the openness of MOOCs, represent a more diverse clientele who exhibit different characteristics and behaviours. In this study, conducted in a French MOOC that is part of the EDUlib initiative, we systematically classified MOOC user profiles based on their behaviour in the open-source learning management system (LMS) — in this case, Sakai — and studied their survival in the MOOC. After formatting the logs in ordinal variables in order to reflect a continuum of participation central to the behavioural engagement concept (Fredricks, Blumenfeld, & Paris, 2004), we incrementally executed a two-step cluster analysis procedure that led us to identify five different user profiles, after having manually excluded Ghots : Browser, Self-Assessor, Serious Reader, Active-Independent, and Active-Social. These five profiles differed both qualitatively and quantitatively on the continuum of engagement, and a significant proportion of the less active profiles did not drop out of the MOOC. Our results confirm the importance of social behaviours, as in recent typologies, but also point out a new Self-Assessor category. The implications of these profiles for MOOC design are discussed.
On the Efficacy of Open Educational Resources
Authors: Delgado Huimei , Delgado Michael , Hilton III John
Published: July 2019

Open educational resources (OER), which are free and openly licensed educational materials, have been a widely discussed topic in response to high textbook costs, the need for more pedagogical flexibility, and inequality in access to educational materials. In this study we examine the efficacy of OER through a quantitative analysis of the impact of OER on student final exam performance in a large calculus course. Our dataset affords us a relatively large sample size, allows us to classify students in both treatment and control groups, and includes a variety of covariates that allow us to control for multiple correlated factors. We estimate causal treatment effects using several econometric approaches. Our study adds the following insights into the research on OER efficacy: (i) OER materials do not, in general, lead to any significant change in student final exam performance; and (ii) OER materials have a significantly positive impact on both international students and Pell Grant eligible students.
Participation in Online Courses and Interaction With a Virtual Agent
Authors: Song Donggil , Rice Marilyn , Oh Eun Young
Published: July 2019

Online learning environments could be well understood as a multifaceted phenomenon affected by different aspects of learner participation including synchronous/asynchronous interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate learners’ participation in online courses, synchronous interaction with a conversational virtual agent, their relationships with learner performance, and the participation/interaction factor identification. To examine learner participation, we collected learning management system (LMS) log data that included the frequency and length of course access, discussion board postings, and final grades. To examine synchronous learner interaction, we collected learners’ conversation logs from the conversational agent. We calculated the quantity and quality of discussion postings and conversations with the agent. The results showed that the frequency and length of course access, the quantity and quality of discussion postings, and the quality of conversation with the agent were significantly associated with the learner achievement. This study also identified two factors that comprise online learning participation and interaction: interaction quality and LMS-oriented interaction.
Structural Relationships of Factors Which Impact on Learner Achievement in Online Learning Environment
Authors: Im Tami , Kang Minseok
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify relationships of learners’ achievement goal orientation, self-regulation, test-anxiety, self-efficacy, participation, satisfaction, and achievement in online learning environments in Korea. A total of 1,832 student responses from a Korean cyber university were used to find structural relationships of factors. Causal relationships among various variables are provided as results of this study. Achievement goal orientation –approach, self-regulated learning, test-anxiety, and self-efficacy, were positively related to participation; however, achievement goal orientation-avoidance was negatively related to participation. Test-anxiety was directly related to learning achievement and it was found that participation affected learning satisfaction and learning achievement. It was also revealed that learning satisfaction was related to learning achievement. Results of this study suggest that a comprehensive management of learners’ psychological variables, such as achievement goal orientation, self-regulation, test-anxiety, self-efficacy for designing, and managing online learning environments is important to online learning organizations, instructors, and administrators for better learner support.
MOOCs Readiness
Authors: T Subramaniam Thirumeni , Suhaimi Nur Amalina Diyana , Latif Latifah Abdol , Abu Kassim Zorah , Fadzil Mansor
Published: July 2019

This study seeks to investigate the readiness levels of adult students studying in Malaysian higher education institutions. The online questionnaire used in this study consists of 18 demographic variables and 43 items based on six constructs: technical competencies, communication competencies, social competencies, self-efficacy, self-directedness, and readiness. With a sample of 413 respondents, the constructs were evaluated using measures based on students’ self-identification with each item. Descriptive statistics depict competency, demographic profile of students, and level of readiness. The statistical analyses used for this study were Pearson correlation, multivariate analysis of variance, and structural equation modelling. All six constructs were reliable with Cronbach’s alpha (α) above 0.7. Findings indicate that self-efficacy was significant for massive open online course readiness, and additional factors that could influence this readiness are explored. The findings from this study provide important input towards designing effective massive open online courses.
Patterns of Students’ Utilization of Flexibility in Online Academic Courses and Their Relation to Course Achievement
Authors: Soffer Tal , Kahan Tali , Nachmias Rafi
Published: July 2019

Online academic courses provide students with flexible learning opportunities by allowing them to make choices regarding diverse aspects of their learning process; hence, such courses support personalized learning. This study aimed to analyze the ways students make use of flexibility in online academic courses based on learning time, place, and access to learning resources, as well as to investigate how this relates to differences in course achievement. The study examined 587 students in four online courses. Educational data mining (EDM) methodology was used to trace students’ behavior in the courses and to compute 34 variables, which describe their use of flexibility. The results show that students developed different patterns of learning time, place, and access to content, which indicates that flexibility was used substantially. Students’ achievements were significantly related to patterns of learning time and access to learning resources. Understanding the different patterns of flexibility usage may support the design of personalized learning and increase collaboration among students with similar characteristics.
Understanding the Early Adjustment Experiences of Undergraduate Distance Education Students in South Africa
Authors: Mittelmeier Jenna , Rogaten Jekaterina , Long Dianne , Dalu Mwazvita , Gunter Ashley , Prinsloo Paul , Rienties Bart
Published: July 2019

Much research in face-to-face contexts outlines the importance of early adjustment on students’ higher education experiences. However, few studies have replicated this research in distance learning contexts to unpack the early multifaceted adjustments associated with studying in absence of a physical campus. This is particularly needed from a Global South perspective, where countries like South Africa have become regional hubs for distance learners. To explore distance learners’ adjustment experiences, this study analysed results from a Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) with 320 distance learners at the University of South Africa, mixed with qualitative thematic analysis of open-ended questions. The results outlined key factors that impact distance learning experiences for students in South Africa, including demographic variables, class, language, and access to resources. These findings, compared with similar work in face-to-face contexts, suggest areas in need of additional support from distance education providers in South Africa and beyond.
Goal Setting and MOOC Completion
Authors: Handoko Erwin , Gronseth Susie L. , McNeil Sara G. , Bonk Curtis J. , Robin Bernard R.
Published: July 2019

Despite providing advanced coursework online to learners around the world, massive open online courses (MOOCs) have had notoriously low completion rates. Self-regulated learning (SRL) frames strategies that students can use to enhance motivation and promote their engagement, persistence, and performance self-monitoring. Understanding which SRL subprocesses are most relevant to the MOOC learning context can guide course designers and instructors on how to incorporate key SRL aspects into the design and delivery of MOOCs. Through surveying 643 MOOC students using the Online Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire (OSLQ), the present study sought to understand the differences in the use of SRL between those who completed their course and those who did not. MOOC completers were found to have significantly higher applications of one SRL specific subprocess, namely goal setting. Additional SRL subprocesses of task interest/values, causal attribution, time management, self-efficacy, and goal-orientation also emerged from an analysis of open-ended responses as key contributors to course completion. The findings from this study provide further support regarding the role of SRL in MOOC student performance and offer insight into learners’ perceptions on the importance of SRL subprocesses in reaching course completion.
Fatores comportamentais associados à adesão medicamentosa em idosos em atendimento ambulatorial
Authors: Gauterio Abreu Daiane Porto , Santos Silvana Sidney Costa , Ilha Silomar , Silva Bárbara Tarouco da , Martins Nidia Farias Fernandes , Varela Victorya dos Santos
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: avaliar a relação entre fatores comportamentais e adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa em idosos em atendimento ambulatorial. Método: estudo transversal com amostra de 107 idosos em atendimento ambulatorial em um hospital universitário. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista. Aplicaram-se: instrumento de caracterização do idoso, Miniexame do Estado Mental e Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial dos dados. Resultados: 86,9% dos idosos eram aderentes à terapêutica medicamentosa. Houve associação entre a variável adesão e as variáveis comportamentais “acreditar que os medicamentos são importantes para manutenção da saúde” e “ter vontade de não tomar os medicamentos”. Os idosos que não acreditavam na importância do uso dos medicamentos, não sabiam o nome destes, usavam-nos somente na quando apresentavam sintomas, esqueciam-se de utilizá-los ou não seguiam a prescrição conforme a indicação médica, tinham menor mediana de adesão do que os que não apresentavam esses comportamentos. Conclusão: fatores comportamentais apresentam associação com a adesão à terapêutica medicamentosa em idosos em atendimento ambulatorial. É importante identificar os fatores comportamentais que podem interferir no uso de medicamentos por idosos porque eles podem ser modificados, por meio de ações com vistas a promover a adesão medicamentosa.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida em idosos de um centro de convivência
Authors: Dos Santos Junior Aires Garcia , Casais Tainara Rocha , Arantes Williani Santos , Dos Santos Fernando Ribeiro , Furlan Mara Cristina Ribeiro , Pessalacia Juliana Dias Reis
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) em idosos que frequentam um centro de convivência do interior do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Método: Foram entrevistados 106 idosos por meio dos instrumentos WHOQoL-BREF e módulo WHOQoL-OLD. Resultados: Apontaram escore total de 62,55 para o WHOQoL-BREF e de 66,06 para o WHOQoL-OLD. O domínio e a faceta com maiores escores foram “Relações sociais” (67,22) e “Funcionamento do sensório” (70,87), respectivamente. Já o domínio e a faceta com os piores escores de satisfação foram o “Ambiente” com 59,96%, conforme WHOQoL-BREF, e a “Intimidade”, com 62,15 de acordo com o WHOQoL-OLD. Conclusão: A avaliação da qualidade de vida em idosos é um indicador importante para a análise da percepção do idoso quanto à sua saúde. Em virtude do amplo contato que o enfermeiro possui com a comunidade, pode-se identificar, por meio da avaliação da QV, as possíveis alterações sensoriais de funcionalidade e das relações sociais que os idosos apresentam e a partir disso propor estratégias e ações de acordo com a real necessidade desta população.
GILGAMIŞ DESTANI İLE MAADAY-KARA DESTANI ARASINDAKİ PARALELLİKLER
Authors: YALÇIN Enis
Published: July 2019

Atatürk, Türklerin dünya tarihindeki yerinin tespit edilebilmesi için, Türk tarihini belgelere dayandırarak, gerçeğin dışına çıkılmadan araştırılmasını istemiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonrasında Türklerin dünya üzerinde tarihten önce ve tarihî devirlerde farklı toplumlar, medeniyetler hatta devletler kurdukları ve kendi dönemlerindeki diğer toplum, medeniyet ve devletleri etkiledikleri belgelerle ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Nitekim bu çalışmalar neticesinde ortaya çıkan “Türk Tarih Tezi”nde, Sümerlerin Altaylardan ayrılarak Mezopotamya’ya yerleştikleri ve Türk oldukları görüşü ortaya atılmıştır. Buna karşılık son yıllarda araştırmacıların üzerinde durduğu -Türklerin ilk ata yurdunun Altaylar değil Ön Asya olduğunu öne süren- “Urmu Teorisi”nde, Urmu Gölü etrafında yaşayan Proto Türklerin MÖ 4000-2000’lerde Sümerlerle komşu oldukları ve bu komşuluk neticesinde birbirleriyle etkileşimde bulundukları görüşü de ortaya atılmıştır. Ortaya atılan bu tezler ve Sümerlerin dillerinin Ural-Altay dillerine benzemesi, arkeolojik bulgular, yer adları ile kültürel benzerlikler araştırmacıları Sümer-Türk ilişkisini değerlendirmeye itmiştir. Pek çok araştırmacı, arkeolojik kazılar neticesinde bulunan Sümer tabletlerinden hareketle dillerini, yer adlarını, kral adlarını ve kültür izlerini Türklerinki ile kıyaslamışlardır. Yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda elde edilen değerlendirmeler Sümerlerin Türklerle akraba olabileceği ya da komşuluk ilişkisi içerisinde birbirlerini etkilemiş olabilecekleri gibi görüşleri destekler nitelikte olmuştur. Biz de bu çalışma ile Sümer destanı Gılgamış ve Altay-Türk destanı Maaday-Kara’yı karşılaştırarak aralarında yukarıda işaret edildiği şekilde bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını ortaya koymaya çalıştık.
Diet Quality Affects the Association between Census-Based Neighborhood Deprivation and All-Cause Mortality in Japanese Men and Women: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study
Authors: Kurotani Kayo , Honjo Kaori , Nakaya Tomoki , Noda Ai , Mizoue Tetsuya , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro
Published: July 2019

Individuals residing in more deprived areas have a lower diet quality. While several studies have shown that individuals with a lower diet quality have a higher mortality risk, a low quality diet might also lead to poor health in highly deprived areas. We aimed to examine the association between deprivation within an area and all-cause mortality risk according to diet quality. Methods: We conducted a population-based prospective study on 27994 men and 33273 women aged 45–75 years. Neighborhood deprivation was assessed using the Japanese areal deprivation index (ADI). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Subsequently, Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top scores were calculated. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of mortality were calculated according to tertiles of ADI by diet quality score. Results: Individuals residing in the most deprived area had the lowest dietary scores. During the 16.7-year follow-up, compared to individuals with a high quality diet residing in the least deprived area, individuals with a low quality diet had a higher risk of mortality according to increment of ADI (P trend = 0.02); the multivariate adjusted HR (95% CI) was 1.07 (1.00-1.15), 1.15 (1.07-1.24), and 1.18 (1.08-1.29) in those residing in the lowest through the highest third of ADI, respectively. However, individuals with a high quality diet had no significant association between ADI and mortality (P trend =0.87). Conclusion: A well-balanced diet may prevent early death associated with neighborhood socioeconomic status among those residing in highly deprived areas.
Extensor Mechanism Allograft in Osteosarcoma of the Patella
Authors: Gómez-Palomo Juan M. , Jiménez-Garrido Carlos , Martínez-Crespo Ana , García-Vera Juan J. , Pérez-Cardeña Javier , Montañez-Heredia Elvira
Published: July 2019

Case:

A 24-year-old female diagnosed with fibroblastic osteosarcoma of the patella underwent a total patellectomy and surgical reconstruction with a large bone–tendon allograft of the extensor mechanism and adjuvant chemotherapy. At 5 years' postoperative, the patient has adequate disease control and excellent joint function.

Conclusions:

Reconstruction with an extensor mechanism allograft is an appropriate alternative for patients with malignant patella tumors without tumor contamination of the joint, allowing for satisfactory knee function and disease control.
La gestión de un centro de Educación Secundaria. Un estudio cualitativo con directores en Cantabria
Authors: Alvarez Alvarez Carmen
Published: July 2019

La gestión diaria de un centro de Educación Secundaria es una actividad incesante. Con motivo de la asignación y preparación de la materia “Características de los Centros y el Curriculum de Educación Secundaria” me sumergí en un estudio sobre el funcionamiento cotidiano de los IES en Cantabria, visitando 20 centros de Educación Secundaria, hablando con directores de centros públicos y privados-concertados sobre sus tareas diarias, sobre su autonomía y liderazgo y sobre sus competencias atribuidas y desarrolladas. En este artículo se analizan los numerosos testimonios recogidos sobre las posibilidades y limitaciones de ellos mismos como gestores escolares y promotores de cambios respecto a la normativa, la planificación, la participación, la evaluación, la convivencia, la cultura, etc. Este estudio cualitativo pone de relieve mayormente una situación de desencanto: las limitaciones y críticas formuladas por los directores de Educación Secundaria hacia el sistema educativo superan a las posibilidades reales. Sienten que su autonomía es muy limitada, las exigencias son muchas, relevantes y variadas y su trabajo no goza de gran reconocimiento.
Idoneidad didáctica en educación infantil: matemáticas con robots Blue-Bot
Authors: Aranda Maria Ricart , Estrada Roca Assumpta , Margalef Martí Maria
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar la idoneidad didáctica de un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de orientación espacial con el robot Blue-Bot. Primero, se contextualiza la experiencia innovadora implementada con niños de 5 y 6 años de un centro escolar de alta complejidad y tradicional; a continuación, se describen las componentes de las idoneidades parciales y se valoran. Los resultados indican que la Blue-Bot promueve el trabajo de los procesos matemáticos implicados en una situación de resolución de problemas y facilita la adquisición de nociones complejas en educación infantil, como son la de giro y la de tiempo. Finalmente, se concluye que el modelo STEAM se puede implementar con facilidad en una escuela tradicional y que la robótica promueve no solo la competencia matemática y las competencias del siglo XXI, sino también la autorregulación del aprendizaje ya en educación infantil.
Una exploración del e-liderazgo en comunidades virtuales de práctica
Authors: Ibáñez-Cubillas Pilar , Miranda Pinto Maribel
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es describir y determinar el estilo de e-liderazgo que asumen los líderes de comunidades virtuales de práctica de innovación educativa que emergen en Facebook. A partir de enfoque cualitativo basado en una metodología descriptiva e interpretativa, se describen los líderes que están al frente de dichas comunidades y se analizan la frecuencia de sus intervenciones, así como las reacciones generadas en los miembros de la comunidad, con el fin de determinar el estilo de e-liderazgo ejercido. Como resultado, se identifican tres tipos de e-liderazgo en función del sexo; en comunidades lideradas por hombres o por instituciones se ha identificado un liderazgo vertical basado en la jerarquización; las mujeres y las comunidades mixtas (lideradas por hombres, mujeres e instituciones) asumen un liderazgo horizontal, basado en la cooperación; y, por último, en los grupos sin un líder determinado se lleva a cabo un liderazgo distribuido entre los miembros. Finalmente se discuten los resultados, y el desarrollo del liderazgo en contextos virtuales determinado por el género, con el fin de avanzar en este campo emergente de conocimiento, como es el e-liderazgo.
Genome-wide analysis of the citrus B3 superfamily and their association with somatic embryogenesis
Authors: Liu Zheng , Ge Xiao-Xia , Wu Xiao-Meng , Guo Wen-Wu
Published: July 2019

Background

In citrus, genetic improvement via biotechnology is hindered by the obstacle of in vitro regeneration via somatic embryogenesis (SE). Although a few of B3 transcription factors are reported to regulate embryogenesis, little is known about the possible roles of B3 superfamily during SE especially in citrus.

Results

In this study, a total of 72 (CsB3) and 69 (CgB3) putative B3 superfamily members were identified in the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and pummelo (C. grandis) genomes, respectively, each comprised four gene families and 14 phylogenetic classes. The B3 genes were unevenly distributed over citrus chromosomes and other non-anchored scaffolds. Genome duplication analysis indicated that the segmental and tandem duplication events have significantly contributed to the expansion of the citrus B3 superfamily. The evolutionary relationships among the B3 family members and their putative functions were deduced based on the results of phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis showed that citrus B3 genes have differential expression levels in various tissues, suggesting distinct biological roles of different members. Expression analysis revealed that the B3 superfamily members showed four types of expression profiles during SE in citrus and may play functional roles during SE, especially at late SE stages. Of them, CsARF19 is specifically expressed in sweet orange and at markedly higher levels in the embryogenic callus (EC), implying its possible involvement in EC initiation.

Conclusions

This study provides a genome-wide analysis of citrus B3 superfamily, including its genome organization, evolutionary features and expression profiles, which contributes to a better understanding of the B3 genes in citrus and their association with SE.
Outcomes after traffic injury: mental health comorbidity and relationship with pain interference
Authors: Pozzato Ilaria , Craig Ashley , Gopinath Bamini , Kifley Annette , Tran Yvonne , Jagnoor Jagnoor , Cameron Ian
Published: July 2019

Background

Mental health symptoms, like depressive mood (DM) and post-traumatic stress (PTS), and pain-related disability, known as pain interference (PI) often co-occur following traffic injury and their comorbidity can complicate recovery. Clarification is required on mental health comorbidity and relationships with PI, to enhance care and outcomes after a traffic injury.

Methods

2019 adults sustaining minor-to-moderate traffic injury were recruited within 28 days post-injury and assessed using phone interviews at 1, 6 and 12-months post-injury. Trajectories of DM, PTS and PI were established and relationships between DM, PTS and PI trajectories were explored using dual trajectory modelling. Predictors of mental health trajectories were also investigated.

Results

Up to five typical post-trauma trajectories were identified for DM, PTS and PI. Most people were in a resilient mental health trajectory (over 60%, DM or PTS), or in a chronic pain disability trajectory (almost 60%, PI) 12 months post-injury. While recovery/resilient mental health trajectories were strongly interrelated (73.4% joint probability and >94% conditional probabilities), DM/PTS comorbidity in chronic trajectories was not straightforward, suggesting a possibly asymmetric relationship. That is, persistent DM was more likely associated with persistent PTS (90.4%), than vice versa (31.9%), with a 22.5% probability that persistent PTS was associated with none or milder depression (i.e. following a recovery/resilient DM trajectory). An asymmetrical relationship was also found between mental health and PI. The majority of those with persistent PI were likely to be in a recovery/resilient DM/PTS trajectory (almost 70%), but those in a non-resilient DM/PTS trajectory showed a high risk of persistent PI. Predictors of non-resilient mental health trajectories included poorer pre-injury health and social support, and shared factors like acute psychological distress and pain catastrophizing.

Conclusions

Strong interrelations were confirmed between mental health problems and pain disability following traffic injury. However, persistent depression was more strongly linked to persistent post-traumatic stress, than vice versa. Persistent pain disability was only linked with persistent mental health symptoms in vulnerable subgroups. Early psychiatric/psychological interventions should target elevated psychological distress and negative appraisals in vulnerable individuals, to reduce mental health morbidity/comorbidity and chronic pain disability.
A New Method to Treat Severe Asymptomatic Pre-existing Degeneration of Adjacent Segment: a Retrospective Case-control Study
Authors: Gao Wenjie , Zhang Xinliang , Zhu Jinwen , Chang Zhen , Li Yibing , Wang Xiaodong , Hao Dingjun
Published: July 2019

Background
Pre-existing degeneration of adjacent segment is an important risk factor for adjacent segment degeneration (ASD), but limited and controversial studies have addressed its management.
Methods
Patients with symptomatic degeneration of the L5/S1 segment warranting surgical interference and severe asymptomatic degeneration of the L4/5 segment were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, those who underwent interbody fusion in the causative (L5/S1) segment and distraction of the intervertebral space and facet fusion in the adjacent L4/5 segment were included as Group A (n=103). Patients who underwent interbody fusion in both L5/S1 and L4/5 segments were included as Group B (n=81). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated.
Results
Mean follow-up was 58.5 months (range, 48-75 m). No significant difference in clinical outcomes or the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration in L3/4 segment was found between Groups A and B. Compared with Group B, less bleeding (315±84 vs. 532±105 ml), shorter operation time (107±34 vs. 158±55 min) and lower costs (13,830±2640 vs. 16,020±3380 US$) were found in Group A (P<0.05). In Group A, disc height ratio (DHR) of L4/5 segment was significantly increased from preoperative value of 0.40±0.13 to last follow-up value of 0.53±0.18 (P<0.05), while the degree of canal stenosis (DCS) was decreased from preoperative value of 34.3±11.2% to last follow-up value of 15.9±9.3% (P<0.05).
Conclusions
This new method could be effective in treating severe asymptomatic pre-existing degeneration of adjacent segment in lumbar spine.
Qualitative Evaluation of a Community Health Representative Program on Patient Experiences in Navajo Nation
Authors: Lalla Amber , Salt Shine , Schrier Elizabeth , Brown Christian , Curley Cameron , Muskett Olivia , Begay Mae-Gilene , Shirley Lenora , Clark Clarina , Singer Judy , Shin Sonya , Nelson Adrianne Katrina
Published: July 2019

Background
Community Health Representatives (CHRs) overcome health disparities in Native communities by delivering home care, health education, and community health promotion. The Navajo CHR Program partners with the non-profit COPE, to provide home-based outreach to Navajo clients living with diabetes. COPE trains CHRs on Motivational Interviewing and provides CHRs with culturally-appropriate education materials. The objective of this research is to understand the participant perspective of the CHR-COPE collaborative outreach through exploring patient-reported outcomes (PROs) using a qualitative methods evaluation.

Methods
Seven COPE clients were selected to participate in semi-structured interviews one year after finishing COPE to explore their perspective and experiences. Qualitative interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify themes.

Results
Through qualitative interviews, clients displayed that health education delivered by CHRs facilitated lifestyle changes by helping them understand key health indicators and setting achievable goals through the use of accessible material and encouragement. Clients felt comfortable with CHRs who respected traditional practices and made regular visits. Clients also appreciated when CHRs educated their family members, who in turn were better able to support the client in their health management. Finally, CHRs who implemented the COPE intervention helped patients who were unable to regularly see a primary care doctor for critical care and support in their disease management.

Conclusion
The COPE-CHR collaboration facilitated trusting client-CHR relationships and allowed clients to better understand their diagnoses. Further investment in materials that respect traditional practices and aim to educate clients' families may foster these relationships and improve health outcomes.
Older adults preferences for, adherence to and experiences of two self-management falls prevention home exercise programmes: A comparison between a digital programme and a paper booklet
Authors: Mansson Linda , Lundin-Olsson Lillemor , Skelton Dawn A , Janols Rebecka , Lindgren Helena , Rosendahl Erik , Sandlund Marlene
Published: July 2019

Background: Fall prevention exercise programmes are known to be effective, but access to these programmes is not always possible. The use of eHealth solutions might be a way forward to increase access and reach to a wider population. In this feasibility study the aim was to explore the choice of programme, adherence, and self-reported experiences comparing two exercise programmes – a digital programme and a paper booklet.
Methods: A participant preference trial of two self-managed fall prevention exercise interventions. Community-dwelling adults aged 70 years and older exercised independently for four months after one introduction meeting. Baseline information was collected at study start at the introduction meeting, including a short introduction of the exercise programme, a short physical assessment and completion of questionnaires. During the four months intervention period, participants self-reported their performed exercises in an exercise diary. At a final meeting, questionnaires about their experiences as well as post-assessments were completed. For adherence analyses data from diaries were used and four subgroups for different levels of participation were compared. Exercise maintenance was followed up with a survey 12 months after study start.
Results: Sixty-seven participants, with a mean age of 77±4 years were included, 72% were women, and 43% chose the digital programme. Attrition rate was 17% in the digital programme group and 37% in the paper booklet group. In both groups 50-59% reported exercise at least 75% of the intervention period. The only significant difference for adherence was in the subgroup that completed ≥75% of exercise duration, the digital programme users exercised more minutes per week (p=.001). Participants in both groups were content with their programme but digital programme users reported a significantly higher (p=.026) degree of being content, and feeling supported by the programme (p=.044). At 12 months follow-up 67% of participants using the digital programme continued to exercise regularly compared with 35% for the paper booklet (p=.036).
Conclusions: This study showed that both the digital and paper programme could be used as a self-managed, independent fall prevention exercise programme. The digital programme seems to facilitate long-term maintenance in regular exercise.
Pilot, Randomized, Double-blind Trial To Study The Effect Of Parenteral Supplementation With Fish Oil Emulsion In The Nutritional Support Of Esophagectomized Patients
Authors: Suárez-Lledó Ana , Badosa Elisabet Leiva , Talaveron Josep M Llop , Alvarez Monica Fernandez , Teixidor Leandre Farran , Martin Monica Miro , Casas Nuria Virgili , Costas Gloria Creus , Minguet Jordi Bas , Canton Elisabet Poyatos , Velazquez Sergio Navarro , Tahull Maria Bella Badía
Published: July 2019

Background

Esophagectomy is a major surgical procedure with a high degree of catabolic and postsurgical inflammatory response that conditions a high morbidity and a significant mortality. Enteral administration of ω-3 fatty acids has been seen to be effective although its use is limited due to tolerance. There are few clinical trials with ω-3 fatty acids parenterally in these patients, so we propose to investigate the effect of combining a lipid emulsion rich in fish oil with the standard enteral nutrition support.

Methods

Prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind study in patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer and after esophagectomy treated with a lipid emulsion rich in ω-3 fatty acid emulsion or a mixture of ω-6 long chain triglycerides (LCT) / short chain triglycerides (MCT) 50%. After surgery, these emulsions will be added to the standard nutritional support in continuous infusion until complete 5 days of treatment. Patients will be randomized 1:1:1 in Group A 0,4g/kg/day of lipid emulsion rich in fish oil; Group B 0,8g/kg/day of lipid emulsion rich in fish oil and Group C 0,8g/kg/day of LCT/MCT emulsion.

The main objective is to determine whether the administration for 5 days of intravenous lipid emulsions rich in ω-3 fatty acids in patients after esophagectomy is effective in normalizing the interleukin-6 (IL6) compared with LCT/MCT emulsions, and if 0,8 g/kg/day dose is more effective than 0,4g/kg/day. Secondary outcomes include other inflammatory markers as C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), and parameters of morbidity, safety, nutrition and mortality.

Samples will be collected at the moment of surgery indication and on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 21 to determine inflammatory, nutritional, hepatic and security parameters. In addition, clinical follow-up throughout the hospital stay and up to one year after surgery.

Discussion

There are few studies of fatty acids ω-3 administered via parenteral in oesophagectomized patients. This study proposes to investigate the effect of combining fish-oil lipid emulsions administered via parenteral with enteral nutrition support, implying benefits such as: fast incorporation of lipids to the cellular membranes and to the inflammatory cascade, and the use of only one pharmaconutrient.
Sex inequality for hospital readmissions due to pulmonary diseases: a sex perspective in management is warrant
Authors: Buja Alessandra , De Polo Anna , Sperotto Milena , Baldovin Tatjana , Cocchio Silvia , Furlan Patrizia , Saia Mario , Scapellato Maria Luisa , Viel Guido , Baldo Vincenzo , Bertoncello Chiara , Ebell Mark
Published: July 2019

Background

Pulmonary diseases are a common and costly cause of 30-day readmissions. In this study we analysed the association between sex and the risk of readmission in a cohort of patients admitted to the hospital for COPD exacerbation and other major pulmonary diseases. The goal is to tailor disease management programs to improve clinical outcomes and prevent waste in resource use.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study based on administrative data collected in the Veneto Region in 2016. We included 15,069 hospital admissions among residents aged ≥ 65 years for DRGs of the most common disorders of the respiratory system: bronchitis and asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and COPD. Multilevel logistic regressions were performed to test the association between 30-day hospital readmission and sex, adjusting for confounding factors.

Results

For bronchitis and asthma, male patients had a twofold significantly higher odd of 30-day readmission than male patients (aOR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.11-3.87). The odd of readmission for men was also significantly higher for pneumonia (aOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.13-1.72), for pulmonary edema and respiratory failure (aOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05-1.55), and for COPD (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.00-1.81).

Conclusions

This study found that male sex is a major risk factors for readmission in patients aged more than 65 years with a primary pulmonary diagnosis. More studies are needed to understand the underlying determinants of this phenomena and to provide targets for future interventions
Exploration of shared genetic susceptibility loci between type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis in the Pakistani population
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Muaaz , John Peter , Fan Kang-Hsien , Bhatti Attya , Jahangir Sidrah , Feingold Eleanor , Demirci F. Yesim , Kamboh M. Ilyas
Published: July 2019

Objective

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases. It is known that certain genetic loci and factors that increase the overall autoimmunity risk can be shared among different autoimmune diseases. We sought to replicate seven T1D-related SNPs that have been previously reported to be associated with RA susceptibility in a small set of mixed family-based and case-control Pakistani sample in a relatively large and independent RA case-control sample from the same population. Seven T1D-associted SNPs (GLIS3/rs7020673, BACH2/rs11755527, SKAP2/rs7804356, GDSMB/rs2290400, C6orf173/rs9388489, LOC399716/rs947474 and DLK1-MEG2/rs941576) were genotyped in a large Pakistani RA case-control sample (n=1,959) using TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays.

Results

None of the tested SNPs showed statistically significant association with RA susceptibility; however, one SNP (GLIS3/rs7020673) showed a trend for association (OR= 0.88, p=7.99E-02). Our study has failed to replicate the previously reported association of seven T1D-associted SNPs with RA risk in a large sample from the same population. Thus, our results do not support a major role of these T1D SNPs in affecting RA susceptibility in the Pakistani population.