bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Derecho nacional "vence" competencialmente al Derecho de la Unión Europea: vacaciones retribuidas superiores a cuatro semanas y negativa a su aplazamiento, pese a concurrir baja médica.
Authors: Martínez Moya Juan
Published: April 2022

Cuando los Estados miembros conceden en la Ley o en los convenios colectivos derecho a vacaciones anuales retribuidas que exceden del período mínimo de cuatro semanas establecido en el artículo 7, apartado 1, de la Directiva 2003/88, tales derechos, así como también los requisitos para su eventual aplazamiento en caso de que el trabajador se ponga enfermo durante las vacaciones, forman parte del ámbito del ejercicio de la competencia que conservan los Estados miembros, sin que se rijan por dicha Directiva ni estén incluidos en el ámbito de aplicación de la misma, lo que, a su vez, impide que se puede aplicar la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales en el sentido del artículo 51, apartado 1 de la misma.

Lorsque les États membres accordent ou permettent aux partenaires sociaux d'accorder des droits à congé annuel payé excédant la durée minimale de quatre semaines prévue à l'article 7, paragraphe 1, de cette directive, de tels droits ou, encore, les conditions d'un report éventuel de ceux-ci en cas de maladie survenue durant le congé relèvent de l'exercice de la compétence retenue des États membres, sans être réglementés par ladite directive ni relever du champ d'application de cette dernière. L'article 31, paragraphe 2, de la Charte des Droits Fondamentaux de l'Union européenne, lu en combinaison avec l'article 51, paragraphe 1, de celle-ci, doit être interprété en ce sens qu'il n'a pas vocation à s'appliquer en présence de telles réglementations nationales et conventions collectives.
Prestaciones complementarias de la seguridad social reservadas a los nacionales de un Estado miembro y su "posible" ampliación de conformidad con el principio de libre circulación.
Authors: Monereo Pérez José Luis , Ortega Lozano Pompeyo Gabriel
Published: April 2022

Este texto analiza la STJUE (Sala Tercera) de fecha 18 de diciembre de 2019 (asunto C-447/18) que resuelve una petición de decisión prejudicial que tiene por objeto analizar si es aplicable a la prestación complementaria otorgada a deportistas de alto nivel el Reglamento sobre la coordinación de los sistemas de seguridad social y si la denegación de la prestación va en contra de la libre circulación de los trabajadores en la Unión Europea.

This text analyses the recent Judgement of the Court of Justice of the European Union (Third Camber) of 18 December of 2019 (case C-447/18) that resolves a request for a preliminary ruling whose object is to examin if it is applicable to the supplementary benefit awarded to athletes of high level in the Regulation about the coordination of the social security systems and if the refusal of the benefit goes against the free movement of workers in the European Union.
La protección por desempleo en el Sistema Especial de Empleo Doméstico.
Authors: Sempere Navarro Antonio V.
Published: April 2022

Dada la aplastante mayoría que representa la población femenina en el colectivo de personas al servicio del hogar familiar, es indicio de discriminación que se excluya a ese colectivo de la protección por desempleo. La STJUE comentada proclama la incompatibilidad entre las previsiones de la Ley General de la Seguridad Social y el Derecho de la Unión Europea, porque no considera justificado el diferente trato.

Given the overwhelming majority that the female population represents in the group of people at the service of the family home, it is an indication of discrimination that this group is excluded from unemployment protection. The commented STJUE proclaims the incompatibility between the provisions of the General Law of Social Security and the Law of the European Union, because it does not consider the different treatment justified.
CREATING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION THROUGH SENSORY MARKETING
Authors: Utama Iston
Published: April 2022

This research aims to determine the influence of sensory marketing on customer satisfaction and the revisit intention of the food and beverage industries in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The study uses quantitative methods through purposive sampling, and the data will be processed using SMART-PLS tools. The study results showed an influence between sensory marketing on revisit intention that mediated customer satisfaction. Sensory marketing variables, the senses of sight, taste, and touch, were the most influential, while olfactory factors were insignificant. The customer satisfaction variable that has the most influence is meeting customer needs and expectations. The managerial implication based on this research is that managers in the food and beverage industry should pay attention to the appearance of their products, maintain the taste of their products, and pay attention to the selection of materials in the store to meet the customer needs customer expectations.
Design of a custom frequency divider for aviation equipment using the Kit FPGA Altera DE2
Authors: Hien Phan , Linh Vuong Thuy , Giang Le Ngoc
Published: April 2022

When operating aviation equipment or when working on test benches, test tables, etc., it is necessary to choose the right frequency to use. The custom frequency divider was designed by the author with the purpose of giving the right frequency to the desired frequency. A custom frequency divider was installed on Kit Altera DE2. The frequency selection is set by the user via push buttons.
Beatrice alakja az orosz szimbolizmusban
Authors: Józsa György Zoltán
Published: April 2022

Vlagyimir Szolovjov és Dante neve az orosz ifjúszimbolisták, Andrej Belij, Alekszandr Blok, Vjacseszlav Ivanov tudatában egybeforrott – ez ugyanígy az előttük járó dekadens nemzedékre is érvényes –, hiszen az első orosz filozófusra úgy tekintettek, mint akinek „Dante óta elsőként volt része találkozásokban Sophiával”, 2 avagy az Isteni Bölcsességgel (itt természetesen Beatricét kell érteni, illetőleg Dante túlvilági utazását), ezzel az elsősorban a pravoszláv hitben és liturgiában fontos nőalakkal, akit a katolicizmus Sapientiaként tart számon, s nem is annyira már-már megszemélyesülő alakként, hanem az Isten emanációinak egyik teremtő elveként. Köztudomású, hogy már jelen van a Teremtés könyvében is, a gnosztikusok mitológiájában alakja metamorfózison megy keresztül.
Globális politikai játszmák
Authors: Ugrin Emese
Published: April 2022

A való világ területszerzés-célú háborúja, amelynek fókuszában de jure Ukrajna szuverenitása és területi integritása áll, az eredetileg politikai nyomásgyakorlásra szolgáló szankciók hadrendbe állítása és az arra adott orosz viszontválasz okán, de facto elérték a globálisan szerveződő ellátási láncokat is. Ezzel pedig megnövekedett a háború globális kiterjedésének kockázata a virtuális térben. Egy lokális konfliktus (ideértve a polgárháborút is) – attól függően, hogy a szemben álló felek vagy az őket háttérből támogató erők milyen mértékben ágyazódtak be a globális gazdaságba – bármikor világháborúba csaphat át, mert a tér és idő dimenziói a virtuális térben összecsúsznak. Következésképpen, a földrajzi determinizmuson alapuló szuverenitás jogelve a virtuális térben nem érvényesíthető.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 15, No. 5
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: April 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 15, No. 5, 2022
Impairment and Traumatization as Crucial Factors for Didactics and Pedagogy of Adolescent Refugees
Authors: Kölbel Martin
Published: April 2022

Discussions about the extent of integration of adolescent refugees as well as integrating displaced people ‘correctly’ in the respective education system of the target country have long been held about. Since crisis caused by, for example, war or the Covid-19 pandemic increase the numbers of refugees all over the world, a high number of displaced people suffer from experienced traumas and might therefore be impaired in participating in curricular education. For this study, the observation of three adolescent refugees who attend different sports classes, thus being encompassed by variable social settings, has been at the center of attention for one semester. To ensure data variety, principals, PE teachers, refugee students, ‘regular’ students have been interviewed, respectively.

The analysis revealed that huge differences in terms of adaptation as well as impairment could be observed among the participating adolescent refugees. While one of the refugee students easily adapted among the observed manifestations (non-)verbal communication, social form, behavioral strategies and potentials of physical education, the other adolescent refugee displayed severe impairment in all of the manifestations mentioned above; hence, experienced traumata experienced before, during or after flight require newly arriving students being psychologically examined and monitored. 

 
Diabetes
Authors: YC Chia , PB Ooi , JS Hwang , SY Teow , B Ahmad , SC Peh
Published: April 2022

Diabetes: Disarming the Silent Killer gathers a prominent group of global researchers who share expert knowledge and views on diabetes. Readers will gain insights into groundbreaking therapies and approaches to preventing and managing diabetes complications. The book, a result of the 3
rd Cambridge-Oxford-Sunway Biomedical Symposium, further shares the most recent advances in diabetes research from a Malaysian perspective.
Sloth Bear
Authors: Ratnayeke Shyamala , Nadaraja Luxshmanan
Published: April 2022

Sloth Bear: The Barefoot Bear of Sri Lanka synthesises the author’s body of research and experiences while working on the subspecies of sloth bear in Sri Lanka. Accompanied with beautiful photographs of sloth bears, the book provides the general audience with access to scientific information of urgent conservation concern delivered in a less technical style.
Inauguration of a unique journal the Journal of Digital Health: a new beginning seeking innovative technology and research for digital health
Authors: Yu Honggang
Published: April 2022

As the Editor-in-Chief of the newly founded journal the Journal of Digital Health (JDH), I am honored to introduce this journal to you on behalf of  Luminescience Press Ltd.
JDH is an open access and peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality original articles from a wide variety of interdisciplinary perspectives concerning the theory and practice of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and informatics in the medical and healthcare industries to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare. The journal publishes original articles, reviews, perspectives, research highlights and case reports that present the application of digital technologies in medical diagnostics and treatment, medical devices, machine learning-based decision support, medical record database and intelligent and process-aware information system in healthcare and medicine. We are committed to promoting the interdisciplinary research among clinicians, basic scientists and industrial experts and facilitating the clinical transformation of industrial technologies. Our ultimate mission is to enable the frontiers of science and technology better serve medicine and ultimately contribute to the healthcare of patients.
Comparison of Short- and Long-term Outcomes
of Laparoscopic and Open Right Hemicolectomy
for Colon Cancer
Authors: Gojayev Afig , Mercan Ümit , Çetindağ Özhan , Akbulut Serkan , Ünal Ali Ekrem , Demirci Salim
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is still among the most common malignancies in the world.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of open and laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 87 patients who underwent laparoscopic and open right hemicolectomy for colon cancer between January 2014 and January 2020. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the surgical technique: laparoscopic (46 cases) and open (41 cases). Patient characteristics and clinicopathological findings, surgical findings, short- and long-term results were included in the evaluation parameters. Patients with pathological diagnosis other than adenocarcinoma, distant metastases, and incomplete file datas were excluded from the study.

Results: Forty-six (52.9%) patients underwent laparoscopic and 41 (47.1%) patients underwent open right hemicolectomy. The operation time of the laparoscopic group was found to be significantly higher (P<0.001). The amount of blood loss was significantly higher in the open group (P < 0.001). The incidence of post-operative complications in the open group (26.8%) was higher than in the laparoscopic group (6.5%) (P = 0.010). The rate of anastomotic leakage (9.8%) was higher in patients who underwent open surgery compared to laparoscopic group (0%) (P = 0.045). It was found that the laparoscopic group had a shorter hospital stay (P = 0.009). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of overall overall survival (OS) rate (P = 0.400) and disease-free survival (DFS) rate (P = 0.781).

Conclusion: Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer is a feasible and reliable method with lower postoperative morbidity and similar long-term results to the open method.
The food system and its impact on rural development: the case of the Slovakian regions of Košice and Nitra
Authors: Valenćiková Marina
Published: April 2022

At the moment, demographic trends indicate that rural populations are migrating to cities; as a result, rural areas are undergoing depopulation. To halt this downward trend, it is critical to create good prospects for the rural environment and population; one option is to focus on rural tourism and agritourism. However, the absence of an intervention strategy in the agricultural sector creates uncertainty and even existential problems for many farmers. The article focuses on the Nitra (NR) and Košice (KE) regions of Slovakia (SR), which are characterised by highly fertile land enabling the development of agriculture, especially the production of organic food, regional tourism, and agritourism. The author proposes connecting agricultural production with rural tourism. Both regions are well-known for their winemaking and grape cultivation. Unfortunately, their fertile land is being destroyed to build industrial parks. As a result, their natural resources are not being utilised for the intended purpose. The study described in the article is based on a comparison of economic indicators, such as GDP and the unemployment rate in agriculture. The two regions supply a significant percentage of products manufactured in Slovakia. Additionally, the development of rural tourism and agritourism could support agriculture and forestry, protect the environment and create and retain jobs in the Slovak countryside.
Insolvenzverwalterhaftung in Deutschland und den USA
Authors: Altmeyer Nicolas
Published: April 2022

The liability of the insolvency administrator pursuant to sec. 60 InsO is a continuous subject of legal discourse. There are repeated calls for a limitation of the liability risk. This work pursues a new approach: the fundamentals and function of the insolvency administrator's liability are examined and, for the first time, compared with the liability of the bankruptcy trustee under U.S. bankruptcy law. Among other things, it is revealed that the bankruptcy trustee is subject to far greater court and creditor control than his German counterpart and that the principle of "concurrence of control and liability," which is essential for the comparatively strict liability under sec. 60 InsO, is not universally implemented.
Hans Thamm und sein Windsbacher Knabenchor
Authors: Gerheuser Frohmut
Published: April 2022

The former Crucian Hans Thamm founded the Windsbacher Knabenchor in 1946 and within a few years formed it into a top choir. Its development in the ecclesiastical environment and in the cultural seclusion of Windsbach repeatedly met with incomprehension and resistance. This biography, written on the occasion of Hans Thamm's 100th birthday, gives for the first time a well-founded overview of his origins, influence and above all his achievements as a choir director, visionary pioneer entrepreneur, committed pedagogue and as a devout herald of the musica sacra, until his premature retirement in 1977. His energies were exhausted. He remained faithful to musica sacra and finally had time for himself, his family and his organ.
Das Erbe von Fritz Bauer
Authors: Hennel Sebastian
Published: April 2022

Fritz Bauer consistently worked against the displacement mechanisms and amnesty aspirations of the German public, especially during the 1950s and 1960s. He would probably never have guessed to eventually become a cult figure. Still, the lawyer and prosecutor would likely have approved this since it would have served his cause of litigating the misconduct of the National Socialist regime. In this paper, based on contemporary discussions, Bauers' reception and his work will be examined in order to deconstruct and subsequently analyze the so-called "Fritz Bauer-Boom".
Epigenetic Modifications Involved in Ageing Process: The Role of Histone Methylation of SET-Domain
Authors: Lelo Aaron Pambu , Luzinga Nadege Zakuani , Ndayisenga Fabrice , Ngiala Gedeon Bongo
Published: April 2022

Ageing is characterized by the maintaining deterioration of homeostatic processes over time, leading to functional decline and increased risk of disease and death. Several distinct mechanisms underlying ageing have been reported and mounting shreds of evidence have shown that histone methylation, an epigenetic marker, regulates gene expression during ageing. Recently, SET-domain genes have gained attentions and have been identified as histone methyltransferase involved in ageing process. Deletion of these genes extends lifespan and increased oxidative stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on the daf-16 activity in the insulin/IGF pathway. In this chapter, we propose to investigate the role of histone methylation in the process of ageing and oxidative stress with an emphasis on the role of set-18 gene in ageing process.
A New Hypothesis of Spin Supercurrent as Plausible Mechanism of Biological Nonlocal Interaction, Synchronicity, Quantum Communication
Authors: Umniyati Yunita , Christianto Victor , Smarandache Florentin
Published: April 2022

We start with citing a seminal paper by Josephson-Pallikari-Viras, that biological entities can be assumed to be able to communicate nonlocally, i.e., instantaneously. However, they also admit that the underlying mechanism of such an entangled communication is not clear yet from the wave mechanical equations. Similar arguments have been pointed out by several authors, citing that quantum equations themselves have not described anything on a possible mechanism of quantum-type interaction between two biological entities. This chapter intends to fill that research gap by suggesting a new hypothesis of spin supercurrent as a physical mechanism, based on the assumption of macroquantum condensate having nonlocal effects. Moreover, we also draw several potential applications including superconductor quasi-crystalline structure of space and plausible new method of quantum communication. Such an argument is outlined herein partly based on our personal encounter with astrophysical quantization in the past 17 years or so.
SOA Model and Design Guidelines in Lossless Photonic Subsystem
Authors: Nadimi Goki Pantea , Tufano Antonio , Cavaliere Fabio , Potì Luca
Published: April 2022

We propose a new practical analytical model to calculate the performance of amplitude-modulated systems, including semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA). Lower and upper-performance bounds are given in terms of signal quality factor (Q) concerning the input signal pattern. The target is to provide a design tool for gain elements included in photonic integrated circuits (PIC) to compensate for their insertion loss. This subject is a critical issue, for example, in the arrays of optical transmitters with silicon photonics modulators used for interconnection applications. Due to implementation limitations, the design of an SOA embedded in a PIC is considerably different with respect to the use of SOAs as line amplifiers in optical networks. SOA amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and gain saturation effects have been included in the model, together with the input signal extinction ratio and the receiver electrical filter. Each degradation effect provides its own contribution to the signal integrity in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or inter-symbol interference (ISI). The model shows that the SOA operation at low extinction ratios, typical in optical interconnect applications, is substantially different from the operation at higher extinction ratios used in transport networks. The model is validated through numerical simulations and experiments. Finally, two examples are provided for dimensioning a PIC system and optimizing the SOA parameters.
Oil Contaminated Sand: Sources, Properties, Remediation, and Engineering Applications
Authors: Abousnina Rajab , Lim Allister Rochstad
Published: April 2022

Oil leakage during the exploration, production, and transportation of crude oil is a significant issue worldwide because crude oil spills severely impact the physical and chemical properties of the surrounding soil. A range of remediation methods for oil-contaminated soil is recommended, consisting of sand washing, bioremediation, electro-kinetic sand remediation, and thermal desorption; however, none are cost-effective. To find a suitable alternative remediation method, oil-contaminated sand utilisation in construction was considered. Several researchers found that oil contamination generally has an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of sand, but certain levels of contamination have beneficial effects on some of the important properties of the sand and its produced concrete. This chapter reviews the main sources of oil contamination and the existing remediation methods for this waste material. It analyses the different factors that affect the properties of oil-contaminated sand and concrete, including the type of crude oil and permeability of sand, like its properties, absorption, chemical composition, and spillage quantity. Furthermore, the intensive evaluation results of light crude oil effects on the geotechnical properties of fine sand, cement mortar and concrete were presented. Potential applications for oil-contaminated sand were also identified for the re-use of this material in engineering and construction.
Orthognatic Surgery With Reconstruction of the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Machoň Vladimír , Beňo Michal
Published: April 2022

Orthognathic surgery with reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) addresses conditions where dentofacial deformity (DFD) is present along with damage to the temporomandibular joint. A stable TMJ without signs of pathology is a basic prerequisite for successful orthognathic surgery. If pathology is present, it is necessary to first address the condition of the TMJ (through conservative, mini-invasive and surgical methods). Only after the condition of the TMJ is stabilized is it possible to surgically address DFD. Orthognathic surgery in conjunction with TJR is performed in a single operation, where precise planning of these surgical procedures is vital for their successful execution.
Semantic Map: Bringing Together Groups and Discourses
Authors: Chadjipadelis Theodore , Panagiotidou Georgia
Published: April 2022

This chapter presents a multivariate analysis method which is developed in two steps using a combination of Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Factorial Correspondence Analysis (AFC). To explain and describe the steps of the method, we use an application example on a survey dataset from young students in Thessaloniki trying to investigate their behavioral profiles in terms of political characteristics and how these may be affected about their attendance to a civic education course offered by the Political Science department in the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The method is explained step by step on this example serving as a manual of its application to the researcher. HCA assigns subjects into cluster membership variables and in the next stage, these new variables are jointly analyzed with AFC. Correspondence analysis manages to extract the dimensions of the phenomenon in the study, explaining the inner antithesis between the categories but also giving the opportunity to visualize the information in a two-dimensional space, a semantic map, making interpretation more comprehensive. HCA is then applied again to the AFC’s coordinates of the categories constructing profiles of subjects, assigning them to the categories of the variables.
Low-Vision Rehabilitation with Audio-Biofeedback in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Sato Giovanni , Rizzo Roberta
Published: April 2022

Audio-biofeedback (AFBF) with microperimetry is an important step in low-vision rehabilitation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). After identifying the preferential retinal locus (PRL) with microperimetry, it is possible to begin rehabilitation to stabilize the PRL, increasing the quality of vision with 10 sessions of audio-biofeedback, at least one session per week, of 10 minutes for each eye. This involves presenting a chessboard grid in the site of fixation variable from the beginning to the end of the session. Audio-biofeedback allows for shifting the site of fixation to another point if the spontaneous fixation that the patient has found is not good to continue rehabilitation; at the end of biofeedback, we call this site the trained retinal locus (TRL) to differentiate it from the PRL. With audio-biofeedback, the low-vision patient with AMD acquires awareness about the best site of vision, thus improving the quality of vision, including better contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, color perception, and definition of the surrounding world.
Adsorption Isotherms: Enlightenment of the Phenomenon of Adsorption
Authors: Abin-Bazaine Andres , Campos Trujillo Alfredo , Olmos-Marquez Mario
Published: April 2022

Adsorption is a process in which a substance that is in a liquid phase accumulates on a solid surface and is then removed from the liquid phase. An adsorption isotherm describes the equilibrium of adsorption of a substance on a surface at a constant temperature. It represents the amount of material bound to the surface as a function of the material present in the solution. In the adsorption process, the compound to be removed is called the adsorbate and the solid on which the compound is adsorbed is called the adsorbent. The affinity of the adsorbate for the adsorbent is quantified using adsorption isotherms. Adsorption isotherms are mathematical equations that describe the relationship between the amount of adsorbate adsorbed on an adsorbent and the concentration of adsorbate in solution when equilibrium has been reached at constant temperature. Adsorption isotherms are performed by giving a volume-determined solution containing a known amount of adsorbate along with various dosages of the adsorbent. The mixture is held at constant temperature with stirring until it reaches equilibrium. When this is the case, the concentration of the adsorbate in the aqueous phase is measured and the adsorption capacity at equilibrium for each experiment is calculated from the mass balance.
Spatial Principal Component Analysis of Head-Related Transfer Functions and Its Domain Dependency
Authors: Takane Shouichi
Published: April 2022

In this chapter, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was adopted to spatial variation of Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF) or its corresponding inverse Fourier Transform, called Head-Related Impulse Response (HRIR), in order to compactly represent their spatial variation. This is called the Spatial PCA (SPCA). The SPCA was carried out for a database of HRTFs in all directions by selecting the domain as one of the HRIRs, the complex HRTFs, the frequency amplitudes of HRTFs, log-amplitudes of HRTFs, and complex logarithm of HRTFs. The minimum phase approximation was incorporated for the frequency amplitudes and log-amplitudes of HRTFs. Comparison of the accuracies in both time and frequency domains taking into account their influence on subjective evaluation showed that the log-amplitudes and complex logarithm of HRTFs are suitable for the SPCA of HRTFs.
Malnutrition’s Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Ahmad Arslan , Riaz Sakhawat , Ijaz Nosheen , Fatima Maleeha , Latif Muntaha
Published: April 2022

Malnutrition, which affects roughly 2 billion people worldwide, is among the country’s most pressing health issues. In comparison to other developing nations, Pakistan has one of the worst prevalence of childhood malnutrition. We’ll explore how people in poor countries manage food scarcity. Owing to low per capita income and a lack of purchasing power for fundamental food staples that meet the human body’s nutritional demands. Malnourished children in Pakistan suffer from stunting, wasting, and being underweight. The causes of child malnutrition and stunting in Pakistan are discussed in this chapter, as well as the impact of numerous factors on stunting and the types of intervention methods and practices that should be devised and executed to address the problem.
Fight Hidden Hunger through National Programs and Food Based Approaches
Authors: Yadav Latika , Kumar Maurya Neelesh
Published: April 2022

Nearly 2 billion people, or one-third of the world’s population, suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. Micronutrient deficiencies or hidden hunger and the negative consequences of a diet deficient in essential vitamins, minerals, or trace elements continue to be serious public health concerns among Indians. This hidden hunger is especially prevalent among vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, small children, and teenagers. As a result, the government has developed many national initiatives to combat malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, including ICDS, NFSM, Poshan Abhiyan, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, and others. Governments also use food-based techniques to combat malnutrition and hidden hunger, including supplementation, food fortification, bio-fortification, and dietary diversification. This chapter presents statistics from the NFHS 4 and 5 and numerous national programs and food-based measures taken by governments to combat hidden hunger.
Reactive Oxygen Species in the Development and Resolution of Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Banda Joshua , K. Chang Allan
Published: April 2022

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been associated with a wide variety of human diseases and disorders. The ability of these molecules can incapacitate antioxidant activity leading to an imbalance between oxidants and anti-oxidants, with the latter being more pronounced. ROS are no strangers to immune cell relationships and function and consequently the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The collateral damage of excessive ROS (collectively called Oxidative stress) to the cells or tissue due to nucleic acid damage and oxidation of macromolecules such as proteins and lipids is linked to the manifestation, malfunction and translation to the disease state of cells. Contrary to this view, recent studies have shown that ROS have protective roles in certain autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Despite significant advances in our understanding of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, therapeutics for these diseases still need further development and identification of new targets for improved therapeutic effect. ROS molecules and inflammation modulators appear before disease development making them great therapeutic targets with the potential to inhibit disease manifestation.
Love, Dark Night, and Peace
Authors: He Simeiqi ,   Villanova University
Published: April 2022

The recent social encyclical Fratelli tutti provides the Chinese Catholic Church with renewed hope in a time of sweeping impasses. This article is inspired by Pope Francis’s passionate summons for the centrality of love, a culture of encounter, and a new social and political order. It presents an utterance of a laywoman rising from the Chinese Church, aspiring to dialogue with the encyclical. By weaving Francis’s vision together with the wisdom of Carmelite saints and my personal knowledge of the Chinese Church, I call upon the Chinese Church to deepen its roots in the soil of love and to journey through the dark night. I urge the Chinese Church to re-encounter atheism and to become a beacon of peace in Chinese society. I conclude the article with an appeal for authentic solidarity from the world Church and all concerned parties of the Chinese Church.
Verrucous Squamous Hyperplasia of the Urinary Bladder: A Series of 23 Cases
Authors: Russell Daniel H. , Vang Russell , Epstein Jonathan I.
Published: April 2022

Context.—

There is scant literature describing verrucous squamous hyperplasia of the urinary bladder.

Objective.—

To investigate the possible association between verrucous squamous hyperplasia and carcinoma.

Design.—

The case files of the senior author were searched for cases of verrucous squamous hyperplasia diagnosed between August 2010 and February 2021. Cases with available material were tested for in situ hybridization with human papillomavirus, and cases with available material unassociated with carcinoma underwent immunohistochemistry for p53.

Results.—

We gathered a series of 23 cases, the largest to date. Eleven cases were associated with carcinoma at diagnosis. Of the 7 cases unassociated with carcinoma in which follow-up was available, 1 patient (14.3%) was given a clinical diagnosis of carcinoma with recommended cystectomy, 2 (28.6%) had benign diagnoses, and 4 (57.1%) were dead not from disease. Of the 13 cases with available material, 13 (100%) were negative for human papillomavirus by high-risk in situ hybridization.

Conclusions.—

Based on the small number of cases with limited follow-up, it is unclear whether verrucous squamous hyperplasia represents a precursor lesion or simply a high-risk association. Until more evidence is accumulated, patients with verrucous squamous hyperplasia of the urinary bladder should receive close clinical follow-up.
Mulheres com deficiência vivendo em contexto rural: situações de vulnerabilidade e proteção
Authors: Missio Maira , Silva Ethel Bastos da , Arboit Jaqueline , Costa Marta Cocco da , Coelho Alexa Pupiara Flores , Jahn Alice do Carmo
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar as situações de vulnerabilidade e de proteção vivenciadas por mulheres com deficiência em contexto rural. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com dez mulheres com deficiência residentes em áreas rurais de cinco municípios das regiões norte e noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. As entrevistas ocorreram nos domicílios nos meses de janeiro a junho de 2019. O material empírico foi gravado, transcrito e submetido à análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: as vulnerabilidades desveladas foram: restrições de responsabilidade, educação, trabalho, renda, autonomia e benefício social. Quanto às condições potencializadoras de proteção às vulnerabilidades, observaram-se vínculos fortes com a Estratégia Saúde da Família Rural e a Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais e recebimento do Benefício de Prestação Continuada. Conclusão: ações de equipes de saúde rural articuladas na rede de atenção auxiliam na superação de fragilidades de mulheres com deficiência.
Conhecimento de adolescentes sobre álcool e outras drogas e sua opinião acerca das tecnologias educacionais
Authors: Chaves Laura Cristhiane Mendonça Rezende , Frazão Iracema da Silva , Oliveira Letícia Menezes de , Abrantes Gesualdo Gonçalves de , Dalcin Camila Biazus , Vasconcelos Selene Cordeiro
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento de adolescentes escolares sobre álcool e outras drogas e sua opinião acerca de tecnologias educacionais para prevenção do consumo. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado com 86 adolescentes cursando o ensino médio. Os dados foram coletados utilizando um instrumento de aplicação autoadministrada e processados nos programas IRaMuTeQ 0.7 alpha 2 e SPSS versão 20.0. Resultados: a análise lexical mostrou três classes semânticas: consequência, representação e definição do álcool e outras drogas para os adolescentes. A tecnologia educacional escolhida pela maioria foi o vídeo e o aplicativo móvel, que versam sobre consequências e efeitos associados ao uso das substâncias e as formas de se evitar ou até mesmo utilizá-las. Conclusão: os resultados mostraram que os adolescentes possuem pouco conhecimento sobre a temática e que tecnologias educacionais digitais podem ser estratégias de educação em saúde eficazes para prevenção do consumo de álcool e outras drogas entre o público-alvo.
Associação entre doenças cardiometabólicas autorreferidas, violência e uso de drogas em caminhoneiros
Authors: Pereira Nayline Martins , Araújo Lúcio Borges de , Bertussi Vanessa Cristina , Carrijo Glória Terezinha , Junqueira Marcelle Aparecida de Barros
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: analisar a associação entre doenças cardiometabólicas, violência sofrida e uso de drogas em caminhoneiros. Método: estudo transversal que envolveu 235 motoristas que estiveram em um posto de combustível no município de Uberlândia (MG), Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas autorrelatadas e aplicados os Testes de Qui Quadrado e Regressão Logística, adotando-se um nível de significância de 0,05 para todas as variáveis.  Resultados: observou-se uma relação entre os eventos violentos no trânsito e algumas doenças cardiometabólicas, especialmente a doença vascular periférica (OR=6,00 (IC 95% 2,47-14,56) e a obesidade (OR=2,56 (IC 95% 1,42-4,62); sendo que também o abuso de álcool (OR=4,16 (IC 95% 1,53-11,29) e tabaco (OR=2,68 (IC 95% 1,10-6,51) se relacionaram com essas patologias. Conclusão: exposição a assaltos e acidentes de trânsito, e uso de álcool e tabaco foram associados a uma maior chance de prevalência das doenças cardiometabólicas entre caminhoneiros.
Coleta de dados para pesquisa quantitativa online na pandemia da COVID-19: relato de experiência
Authors: Pedroso Gabrielle Guedes , Ferreira Ana Carolina Vidigal Vieira , Silva Camila Custódio da , Silva Giulia Alvim Bassani , Lanza Fernanda Moura , Coelho Angélica da Conceição Oliveira
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de pesquisadores na condução da coleta de dados online em uma pesquisa com abordagem quantitativa. Método: relato de experiência sobre a coleta de dados da pesquisa “Uso de equipamentos de proteção individual pelos profissionais de saúde no combate à COVID 19” ocorrida entre agosto de 2020 e março de 2021 por meio de questionário autoaplicável virtual. Resultados: utilizou-se como estratégias de divulgação da pesquisa, a criação de site e redes sociais, o envio de cartaz acompanhado de texto específico com link clicável pelo Whatsapp®, contatos por e-mail e por telefone, além da estratégia de sementes. Durante a coleta de dados, observaram-se fatores dificultadores e facilitadores. Como contribuição social, foi disponibilizado o curso “Biossegurança: Boas Práticas na atuação frente à COVID-19”. Conclusão: a coleta de dados online proporcionou a realização de uma pesquisa de abrangência nacional com baixo custo, mas com pouca participação perante a população elegível.
Penicillium: Species causing blue mold on stored apple fruits
Authors: Dudaš Tatjana , Todić Aleksandra , Budakov Dragana , Grahovac Mila , Loc Marta , Stojšin Vera
Published: April 2022

Blue mold, caused by the fungal species of genus Penicillium, is one of the most significant post harvest apple diseases. It is estimated that apple blue mold causes multimillion-dollar losses annually. It can affect any apple variety, due to mechanical damage, inadequate protection or storage conditions. Various Penicillium species can cause apple blue mold, but the most significant is Penicillium expansum. Besides economic losses, Penicillium species cause a threat to human health, due to mycotoxin production. To prevent the apple blue mold, the application of preventive measures is necessary, such as careful handling of fruits during harvest, and maintaining hygienic conditions in the storage. Most of the current preharvest fungicides are applied days before harvest and may not be effective in combating this disease, since Penicillium infections usually occur after the harvest. Therefore, post harvest fungicide applications remain the most effective chemical way to control blue mold. In addition to chemical protection, efforts are made to provide efficient biological solutions for the control of this disease. The incidence of apple blue mold is significantly reduced since controlled atmosphere storages are in use, but it still remains the most important post harvest disease of apple fruits.
Performances of key processes in green supply chains
Authors: Stanković Tamara , Milovanović Goran , Anđelković Aleksandra
Published: April 2022

There is an obvious negative influence of business activities of supply chains on the environment, which represents one of the most significant problems at the global level. Due to their activities, industries have disrupted the environmental balance greatly. The concept of green supply chain arose from the successful execution of production activities while taking care of the environment. The subject of this paper refers to describing activities within chains in specific segments in order to examine the ways in which satisfactory financial performances can still be achieved in combination with environmental (green) performances. The goal of this article is to identify supply chain components that can adopt environmental activities, demonstrate environmental responsibility and improve green performance. The focus is mostly on identifying measures inside core processes, such as defining environmental activities and restructuring supply chains, in order to meet the expectations of environmental preservation and environmentally conscious consumers (buyers) as green supply chain members.
The circular economy: Principles, strategies and goals
Authors: Popović Aleksandar , Radivojević Vladimir
Published: April 2022

The circular economy is a major challenge for any national economy. It is a modern model of an economy that focuses on a new model of production and consumption that requires less use of limited resources, minimizing waste (products after their lifetime) in landfills, more efficient management of waste as raw material, minimizing pollution, and all that with the aim of protecting the environment and improving the living standards of the population. In the transition to the circular economy, the state and its bodies, economic entities and the population should be of equal importance. The aim of this paper is to point out the role and importance of the circular economy as a new economic system with special emphasis on the principles of the circular economy, drivers of the circular economy, strategies for establishing and maintaining the circular economy and goals achieved by the circular economy.
New oral anticoagulants in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Apostolović Svetlana , Stanojević Dragana , Kostić Tomislav
Published: April 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and its incidence is 1-2% of the world's population. Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, primarily due to an increased risk of stroke that is five times higher than in the general population. Therefore, life-long anticoagulant therapy is indicated in patients with atrial fibrillation in the prevention of stroke when CHA2DS2-VASc [congestive heart failure, hypertension, age > 75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, gender (female)] score > 2 in men and > 3 in women. For last ten years, anticoagulant therapy involved the use of vitamin K antagonists, primarily warfarin. Until the appearance of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs), that do not require routine efficacy monitoring and have more favorable pharmacological profile, warfarin use is significantly reduced in non-valvular AF. By the year 2017. the percentage of patients on NOAC-s exceeded the number of those on warfarin worldwide. Four NOAC-s are approved for use in patients with AF of nonvalvular origin in Europe: apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban. Evidence from phase III studies suggests that NOAC-s are more effective and safer than warfarin. The most prescribed NOAC in almost all "real life" studies from the USA was rivaroxaban. For rivaroxaban "real life data" such as the XANTUS study show that the incidence of stroke and major bleeding is low (0.7 and 2.1 events per 100 patients / year). The efficacy of rivaroxaban in nonvalvular AF was first demonstrated in the ROCKET-AF large, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study in 14,264 patients. Rivaroxaban was non-inferior to warfarin in the prevention of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism. The overall percentages of major and clinically relevant non-major haemorrhages did not differ between rivaroxaban and warfarin, but there were fewer intracranial or fatal haemorrhages in the rivaroxaban group (0,5% vs 0,7% per year, HR 0,67, 95% CI 0,47-0,93, p = 0,02).
Could you see the sea?: Upper Pleistocene sea level fluctuation over the Balkan Peninsula: A review
Authors: Radaković Milica
Published: April 2022

Tectonic movements affected the southern part of the coast the most, while some parts such as Danube delta remained almost untouched through the Upper Pleistocene, covering the last 124.000 years. This is why the reconstruction of the Balkan coast requires multiple proxy data. The chronostratigraphy used in this paper is marine isotope stages, as it allows comparing different records used for paleo environmental reconstruction. The paper is divided into five parts, one for each basin surrounding the Balkan Peninsula: Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea basin. All of the basins experienced sudden shrinking in the Last Glacial Maximum, when the sea level fell for ~120 m when the aquatic mollusks entered a population bottleneck, but the terrestrial ones flourished, as their habitat grew. As the Mediterranean territory got submerged again, the migration corridors for the humans disappeared, leaving their traces preserved under the sea level.
Pomen magnetnoresonančne artrografije pri diagnosticiranju nestabilnosti ramenskega sklepa
Authors: Žiberna Karmen , Salapura Vladka
Published: April 2022

Ramenski sklep je zaradi svoje zgradbe najbolj gibljivi sklep v človeškem telesu, hkrati pa tudi najbolj nestabilen. Ob popolnih ali nepopolnih izpahih rame pride do poškodbe stabilizatorjev sklepa. To pomeni, da je sklep še dodatno nestabilen, kar vodi v začarani krog. Nestabilnost ramenskega sklepa je pogosto tudi problem mladih, predvsem športnikov, zato je pred zdravljenjem nestabilnosti rame izjemno pomembno natančno diagnosticirati poškodbe drobnih struktur v sklepu. Standardno uveljavljena diagnostična metoda pri nestabilnosti rame je magnetnoresonančna artrografija (MR-artrografija) pod nadzorom fluoroskopije. V zadnjih letih je ob hitrem razvoju ultrazvočne tehnologije prišlo do velikega napredka v kakovosti visokofrekvenčnih linearnih sond, ki nam omogočajo natančen prikaz drobnih mehkotkivnih struktur. Slednje je, zlasti na področju mišično-skeletnega organskega sistema, omogočilo razvoj minimalno invazivnih posegov, pri katerih je natančnost in preglednost še posebno potrebna, mednje pa sodijo tudi artrografije.