bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educar no século XXI: modelos pedagógicos que preparam para a incerteza
Authors: Marques Eliane Moreira
Published: January 2025

Resumo A revisão de literatura na qual se baseia este artigo atesta a necessidade de uma Educação renovada, adaptada às exigências da sociedade globalizada do conhecimento impostas pelo devir social contínuo e constante. Parte-se da compreensão das implicações da evolução tecnológica para espelhar as contradições que se vivem atualmente nas salas de aula, corroborando a importância dos sistemas educativos e, consequentemente, do papel fundamental da Escola no desenvolvimento dos principais skills do século XXI. Destaca-se a função relevante do conhecimento transferível enquanto motor dos domínios cognitivo, intrapessoal e interpessoal, e elencam-se quatro modelos pedagógicos que, segundo o estado da arte, se adequam ao desenvolvimento dos domínios e dos skills referenciados: i. o trabalho de projeto baseado na pesquisa; ii. a aprendizagem através da resolução de problemas; iii. a aprendizagem cooperativa; e iv. o experimentalismo, metodologias que pressupõem o recurso às tecnologias. Aborda-se o papel do professor enquanto facilitador do conhecimento e mentor para, seguidamente, analisar as implicações da mudança no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e nas dinâmicas de trabalho em sala de aula. Conclui-se pela necessidade da adoção de metodologias de trabalho em sala de aula mais consoantes com os objetivos a prosseguir pelos sistemas educativos, concretamente no que respeita ao desenvolvimento da autonomia e independência na vida adulta que se reflita numa cidadania crítica e participativa. Finalmente, discorre-se sobre a necessidade de adequação da formação inicial e contínua de professores aos novos desígnios educativos.
Comparison of External Ureteral Catheter and Double-J stent as Drainage Methods for Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tania Clarissa , Tobing Edwin , Tansol Christiano
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose: The external ureteral catheter (EUC) and double-J stent (DJ-stent) are frequently used for drainage in tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aims to compare the outcomes and effectiveness of these two methods. Materials and Methods: We conducted a detailed literature search using relevant key words on Google Scholar, Europe PMC, Medline, and Scopus databases. Continuous variables were combined using mean difference (MD), while binary variables were analysed using risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals through random-effects models. Results: Our analysis included nine studies. The results showed that EUC was associated with a significantly lower incidence of stent-related symptoms [RR 0.32 (95% CI 0.19 - 0.54), p < 0.0001, I² = 24%] compared to the DJ-stent. There were no significant differences between EUC and DJ-stent in terms of postoperative fever (p = 0.92), urine leakage (p = 0.21), perinephric collection (p = 0.85), haemoglobin drop (p = 0.06), transfusion rate (p = 0.27), VAS score (p = 0.67), analgesic requirements (p = 0.59), stone-free rate (p = 0.14), duration of surgery (p = 0.10), and duration of hospitalization (p = 0.50). Conclusion: The EUC demonstrated fewer stent-related symptoms than the DJ-stent in tubeless PCNL, while both methods showed comparable safety and efficacy. The choice between EUC and DJ-stent should consider patient preferences and surgeon expertise. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger sample sizes are needed to affirm these results.
Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in seabirds collected along the coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Sato Ana Paula , Silva Tiffany Christiny Emmerich da , Pontes Thamires Pires de , Konell Aline Luiza , Barros Luiz Daniel de , Varaschin Mary Suzan , Oliveira Junior Ivam Moreira de , Sanches Adrien Wilhelm Dilger , Locatelli-Dittrich Rosangela
Published: January 2025

Abstract Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two closely related protozoans that infect a wide range of animals, including birds. However, the occurrence of N. caninum and T. gondii in seabirds is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the presence of T. gondii and N. caninum DNA in tissue samples of seabirds. Tissue samples of the pectoral muscles, heart, and brain were collected from 47 birds along the coastline of Santa Catarina State, SC, Brazil. The DNA was extracted from the tissues and screened using nested-PCR (nPCR) targeting internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1). T. gondii DNA was detected in tissues from seven seabirds (7/47, 14.8%), kelp gull (Larus dominicanus) (5/21), and Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) (2/8). N. caninum DNA was detected in tissues of nine seabirds (9/47, 19.1%), the kelp gull (L. dominicanus) (4/21), Manx shearwater (P. puffinus) (2/8), neotropic cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus) (1/4), brown booby (Sula leucogaster) (1/5), and white-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis) (1/1); however, no co-infection was observed. In conclusion, this study showed the circulation of N. caninum and T. gondii in seabirds along the coastline of Santa Catarina State. Further studies are required to clarify the role of these birds in the epidemiology of neosporosis and toxoplasmosis.
Catastrophic health expenditures incurred by families in 2003, 2009 and 2018 in the Federal District, Brazil: evolution and composition
Authors: Santos Pedro Henrique Alves , Torres Theo da Fonseca , Russo Letícia Xander , Silva Everton Nunes da
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the evolution of prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure in the Brazilian Federal District at three different times (2003, 2009 and 2018), as well, to identify the composition of outof- pocket expenditure in the respective years. Method Time series study, using descriptive data from the Family Budget Survey. Prevalence was stratified by consumption quintiles. Results 754 households were selected as a sample in 2003, 695 in 2009 and 1,000 in 2018. Taking a 10% consumption threshold, prevalence of catastrophic expenditure was 12.3% (95%CI 9.6;14.9) in 2003, 15.3% (95%CI 12.1;18.3) in 2009 and 14.1% (95CI% 11.8;16.2) in 2018. Households with lower income had higher prevalence of catastrophic expenditure. Medicines have a greater burden on expenditure of low-income families. Conclusions There was an increase in prevalence of catastrophic expenditure in the Federal District. Medicines were the main expense for the poorest families.
Mortalidade por covid-19 de migrantes internacionais no Brasil: análise espaço-temporal, 2020-2022
Authors: Cavalcante João Roberto , Trajman Anete , Faerstein Eduardo
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o perfil de óbitos e analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal da mortalidade por covid-19 em migrantes internacionais residentes no Brasil no período 2020-2022. Métodos Trata-se estudo transversal descritivo e ecológico, com dados secundários. Foram analisadas as frequências absolutas e relativas do perfil sociodemográfico e coeficientes de mortalidade (CM). Foram calculados o excesso de risco e a autocorrelação espacial global e local. Resultados Foram registrados 7.737 óbitos no período, com maior frequência em 2021 (3.952). O CM do Brasil foi de 515/100 mil, com CM mais altos nas macrorregiões Sudeste (751/100 mil) e Centro-Oeste (525/100 mil). O perfil de óbitos predominante foi de homens (5.041); faixa etária ≥ 81 anos (3.612); raça/cor da pele branca (5.685); casados (3.406); nascidos em Portugal (2.437). Foi identificada autocorrelação espacial global em 2022 e autocorrelação espacial local no período. Conclusão O elevado CM indica necessidade de intervenções de políticas de saúde em regiões com alta concentração de população migrante.
Tendência temporal da taxa de incidência de sífilis gestacional e congênita em São Paulo, 2011-2023
Authors: Silva Beatriz Poddis Busquim e , Matozinhos Fernanda Penido , Schreck Rafaela Siqueira Costa , Ferreira Fernanda Marçal , Bezerra Camilla Pontes , Camargo Bárbara Tideman Sartório , Silva Thales Philipe Rodrigues da
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a tendência de sífilis gestacional e congênita, a partir das notificações em São Paulo, Brasil, de 2011 a 2023. Métodos Estudo ecológico de série temporal, considerando como unidade de análise o estado de São Paulo, a partir dos registros no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Empregou-se o método de Prais-Winsten para verificação de tendência. Resultados Foram notificados 125.776 casos de sífilis gestacional e 42.418 casos de sífilis congênita. A variação percentual anual (IC95%) para a taxa de incidência de sífilis gestacional foi de 18,68 (IC95% 16,57; 20,84), p-valor < 0,001; enquanto para a sífilis congênita foi de 11,99 (IC95% 7,00; 17,22), p-valor < 0,001. Conclusão A análise de tendência temporal evidenciou que as taxas de incidência de sífilis gestacional e sífilis congênita apresentaram tendências crescentes significativas, o que se pode relacionar ao aumento nas proporções de sífilis gestacional para o período gestacional do diagnóstico (1º trimestre), mostrando aumento na testagem entre as gestantes, a classificação clínica no momento do diagnóstico (sífilis latente), bem como a ineficiência do tratamento adequado com os diagnósticos tardios.
Geotechnical characterization of soil-rubber mixtures with well-graded gravel
Authors: Angela Fiamingo , Gabriele Chiaro , Arjun Murali , Rossella Massimino Maria
Published: January 2025

Shredded rubber from waste tyres has progressively been adopted in civil engineering due to its mechanical properties, transforming it from a troublesome waste into a valuable and low-cost resource within an eco-sustainable and circular economy. Granular soils mixed with shredded rubber can be used for lightweight backfills, liquefaction mitigation, and geotechnical dynamic isolation. Most studies have focused on sand-rubber mixtures. In contrast, few studies have been conducted on gravel-rubber mixtures (GRMs), primarily involving poorly-graded gravel. Poorly-graded gravel necessitates selecting grains of specific sizes; therefore, from a practical standpoint, it is of significant interest to examine the behaviour of well-graded gravel and shredded rubber mixtures (wgGRMs). This paper deals with wgGRMs. The results of drained triaxial compression tests on wgGRMs are analysed and compared with those on GRMs. Stress-strain paths toward the critical state and energy absorption properties are evaluated. The tested wgGRMs exhibit good shear strength and remarkable energy absorption properties; thus, they can be effectively utilised in several geotechnical applications.
La relación del derecho constitucional con otras ciencias
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Caycedo Guio Rosa María , Sánchez Caycedo Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2025

Mediante un análisis documental e histórico, se relacionan las diferentes nociones y los aportes fundamentales acerca de los conceptos de derecho y derecho constitucional, y la relación con la estructura y la actividad del Estado colombiano. Para esto, se hace un recorrido histórico de la evolución y del aporte del derecho; luego, se exponen los aportes importantes y relevantes respecto al derecho, el derecho constitucional y la clasificación por la cual son un modelo para seguir. Asimismo, se establece una relación estrecha con las diferentes ciencias, con el fin de que los estudiantes de Teoría de la Constitución y del Estado conozcan los antecedentes históricos de formación de nuestro Estado, organización y funcionamiento.
RIDGE-HUMMOCK RELIEF ON THE UKSICHAN PLATEAU OF THE SREDINNY RANGE OF KAMCHATKA: THE ROLE OF PERMAFROST AND VEGETATION
Authors:   Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographyсal Institute of FEB RAS, Kazakov N.V. , Dulchenko E.V. ,   Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographyсal Institute of FEB RAS
Published: January 2025

The global warming affects the state of permafrost, activating erosion processes that complicate economic activity in the cryolithozone. In this regard, the study of relief forms formed with the participation of permafrost factors is becoming increasingly relevant. In the Middle Mountains of Kamchatka, these processes are most pronounced at altitudes of 800–1 000 m. Permafrost heaving of soil in this area is closely related to the vegetation type. This article provides descriptions of soils and specific mesorelief of the Uksichan basalt plateau slope in Sredinny Range of Kamchatka in the zone of dwarf forests and mosaic manifestation of permafrost. We provide first description of a specific relief form, which we called “ridge-hummocky”. A probable scenario of its formation and the role of vegetation in the long-term preservation of permafrost typical for this region are proposed.
WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT IN THE OBSERVATION WELLS: INTERNAL CONTROL ORGANIZATION OF SYSTEMATIC ERRORS
Authors:   Regional State Unitary Enterprise “Kamchatka Vodokanal”, Opryshko B.A. , Shvetsov V.A. ,   Kamchatka State Technical University, Belavina O.A. ,   Kamchatka State Technical University, Yastrebov D.P. ,   Kamchatka State Technical University
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we proposed a method for controlling systematic errors in the results of water level measurements in the field condition, obtained using modern “Levelogger Edge M10” measuring systems. The research was carried out in 2023 at Avachinsky water intake well № 24. Our analysis showed that the measurement results obtained using the M10 device, which has been in operation for 5 years, contained a significant systematic error due to the drift of hydrostatic pressure sensor. The measurement results obtained using new M10 devices showed an acceptable systematic error.
Визуальные источники русского Средневековья в историческом исследовании
Authors: Сукина Людмила Борисовна
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается проблема методологических трудностей работы историков с визуальными источниками русского Средневековья. Ее актуальность определена парадоксальной эпистемологической ситуацией, сложившейся в исторической науке в результате визуального поворота. Историки, занимающиеся исследованием русского Средневековья и постоянно испытывающие нехватку источников, могли бы значительно расширить находящуюся в их распоряжении источниковую базу, но они традиционно невысоко оценивают информационный потенциал древнерусского искусства. Профессиональная среда исследователей русского Средневековья довольно консервативна. Большинство историков по-прежнему ориентировано на письменные источники. С другой стороны, методология и методика исследования средневековых визуальных источников пока еще слабо разработаны. Опасения историков неверно «прочесть» заключенную в них информацию небезосновательны, так как верифицировать ее с помощью письменных источников, как предлагали крупные российские теоретики источниковедения М.Н. Тихомиров, С.О. Шмидт, И.Д. Ковальченко, В.А. Плугин, удается далеко не всегда. Рассуждения автора данной статьи базируются на теоретическом положении, сформулированном и обоснованном в работах О.М. Медушевской, согласно которому исследуемая источниковедением эмпирическая реальность мира прошлого представляет собой структуру типов и видов исторических источников. Визуальные источники русского Средневековья рассматриваются как тип источников, созданных и функционировавших в дискурсе определенной культуры. В статье анализируются методологические идеи, связанные с проблемами «дешифровки» и интерпретации информации русских и европейских средневековых визуальных источников, содержащиеся в работах структуралистов (М.Ю. Лотмана, Б.А. Успенского), специалистов в области иконографии и иконологии (Э. Панофского, Э. Гомбриха), символической истории (М. Пастуро), методолога источниковедения А.С. Лаппо-Данилевского. Видовые и исторические особенности этого типа источников создают серьезные сложности для историков, требуют освоения методологии работы с «нереалистическими» изображениями, но и открывают перспективы для содержательного обогащения исследований. Российская и зарубежная наука накопила в этой сфере достаточный теоретический и практический опыт. Поэтому можно надеяться, что исследования визуальных источников русского Средневековья будут расширяться и займут достойное место в корпусе исторического знания.
Последнее интервью и новая книга Юргена Хабермаса
Authors: Мотрошилова Неля Васильевна
Published: January 2025

Реценция на книгу: Habermas J. Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie : in 2 Bde. — Berlin : Suhrkamp, 2019.
Настроения исторического времени
Authors: Хан Екатерина Иннокентьевна
Published: January 2025

В статье предлагается сравнительное исследование концепции «исторического настроения» в работах В.В. Бибихина и П. Рикёра. Автор обосновывает целесообразность подобного сравнения общностью интеллектуального контекста, общим влиянием на П. Рикёра и В.В. Бибихина таких авторов, как Аристотель, Августин, М. Хайдеггер, а также тем, что оба философа совмещают перспективы феноменологического метода, исторической герменевтики и обращаются к онтологии понимания. В статье показано, каким образом парадоксальная природа времени приводит к трудностям в истолковании исторического времени и какие концептуальные находки были предложены Бибихиным и Рикёром для преодоления этого парадокса. Если Бибихин отдает приоритет пониманию времени как времени события настоящего, т.е. времени-поры, то Рикёр следует логике ретроспективного анализа времени-рассказа. Оба они указывают на неизбежно возникающий парадокс исторического времени, который предлагают преодолеть, обращаясь к априористическому перфекту (Бибихин) или ко времени памяти (Рикёр). Далее показано, каким образом авторы обосновывают феномен окрашенности исторического времени некоторым фундаментальным настроением: для Бибихина речь идет в первую очередь о радости и негодовании, а для Рикёра — о тревоге и надежде. Предложенный анализ понятий «порá», «кайрос», «патина времени», «новый ренессанс», «цвет времени» (Бибихин) и «интрига», «историческое настроение», «историческая тревога», «истина», «надежда» (Рикёр) наводит на мысль о том, что задачей всякой философии — коль скоро она озабочена поиском истины — является осмысление исторического времени настоящего.
Другое начало или новая философия свободы нового века
Authors: Близнеков Владимир Леонидович
Published: January 2025

Рецензия: Bibichin V. Der andere Anfang / hrsg. und mit einer Einl. vers. von A. Michajlovskij ; aus dem Russischen übers. von V. Ammer. — Berlin : Matthes & Seitz Verlag, 2020.
Вторые Бибихинские чтения: рефлексия о событии
Authors: Томашевская Анастасия Александровна , Хан Екатерина Иннокентьевна
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен обзор международной конференция «Вторые Бибихинские чтения», организованной при участии Института философии РАН и Школы философии и культурологии НИУ ВШЭ, которая прошла в Бежецке (Тверская область) 10–12 декабря 2020 г.
Этико-политическое учение князя Андрея Курбского
Authors: Ерусалимский Константин Юрьевич
Published: January 2025

Политико-правовые представления кн. А.М. Курбского в статье предложено рассматривать как языковую проблему. Давно известный в науке факт различий между религиозно-политическим тезаурусом Курбского до эмиграции в 1564 г. и в сочинениях, написанных в годы жизни в Короне Польской и Великом княжестве Литовском (и в Речи Посполитой), служит отправной точкой для интерпретации «макаронического» языка Курбского в эмиграции как особого образовательного проекта, возникшего в связи с готовящимся в его интеллектуальном кругу планом православной академии для русской шляхты и эмигрантов из Московского государства. В основе данного проекта был свод библейских, святоотеческих и исторических сочинений, призванный подготовить тираноборцев и защитников православия в борьбе с иноверцами. Эту задачу помогают решить глоссы, при помощи которых Курбский и его сотрудники выстраивали семантические сетки, сближающие православное образование с католической схоластикой и античными этико-политическими учениями.
Неупорядоченное Небо в сфере Вселенной, безобразный Тартар в додекаэдре Земли
Authors: Лечич Никола Добривоевич
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена описанию редкого примера визуального философствования в Античности, в котором аксиологически совершенный упорядоченный предел Вселенной мыслится как охватывающий и запирающий в себе ее менее совершенные и неупорядоченные и безобразные внутренние части. Анализируется свидетельство Иоанна Стобея из V или VI в. н.э. (DK 44 A 16, наверное взято из более старой и объемной компиляции Аэтия), в котором он приписывает ранним пифагорейцам картину Вселенной, согласно которой Вселенная имеет огненный центр, вокруг которого кружат 10 небесных тел, включая Землю, Луну и Солнце, которые все охвачены «вторым», большим огнем. Однако, эта картина дополнена странным утверждением о том, что во Вселенной есть трехчастная вертикальная структура, состоящая из Олимпа, Космоса и Неба (область под Луной, в которой живем мы), в которой совершенство уменьшается сверху вниз. В науке принято видеть эту компиляцию как логически невозможную, а вторую ее часть как фальсификат. Мы исследуем происхождение и след разных анахронных элементов этой картины и находим их у Платона, в «Тимее» (Ti. 55c: додекаэдр служит как образец Вселенной, охватывающий менее совершенные ее части) и «Федоне» (Phaed. 108d–115а). В «Федоне» представлен фантастический ландшафт, в котором (i) жители «настоящей Земли» живут в прекрасных эфирных ландшафтах, полных гладких и прозрачных камней, а мы и обитатели морского дна живем во всё ниже и ниже расположенных впадинах, заполненных, соответственно, воздухом и водой, в которых «совершенство» и красота вещей, а также уровень познания их жителей, прогрессивно уменьшаются; (ii) реки верхних областей стекаются в беспорядочный Тартар, который находится глубоко в центре Земли. Делается вывод о том, что компиляция Аэтия/Стобея не просто фальсификат, а драгоценная и, скорее всего, осознанная и последняя попытка сохранить древнюю раннепифагорейско-платоническую схему охватывания, через наложение на нее неоплатонической идеи вертикальной аксиологии.
Владимир Бибихин: топология встречи
Authors: Шахова Дарья Сергеевна
Published: January 2025

В данной статье предпринимается попытка феноменологического описания акта встречи с другим с опорой на философские тексты В.В. Бибихина. Встреча рассматривается через призму следующих ключевых понятий бибихинской мысли: «мир», «пора», «событие», «другой» и «слово», в результате чего выстраивается определенная топология данного феномена. Первый пункт описания встречи в свете философии Владимира Бибихина — это место встречи, его «где», которым является мир. Мир понимается как целое, единое, как то, что ускользает от концептуализации, то, что захватывает нас и нашу мысль; мир как абсолютная открытость, тайна. Выход к миру, а значит, к встрече — через отрешенность, тишину, согласие. Далее в статье анализируется время встречи, которое описывается через бибихинское понятие «поры». Пора внекалендарна, событийна, уникальна, исторична, относится к моменту «вдруг», это кайротическое время. Пора — это время покаяния, метанойи, смены аспекта. Затем в статье обращается внимание на сущность феномена встречи, на его «что», которое понимается через концепцию «события» В.В. Бибихина. Событие — исторически конкретно, всегда ново, молниеносно и стихийно, нам неподвластно и неподконтрольно; оно связано с удивлением и озарением. Событие нас захватывает, погружает в себя. После этого в статье рассматривается фигура «другого», так как встреча — это всегда встреча с другим: с другим собой, с идеей, с Богом, с иным человеком. В итоге встреча с другим понимается как выход к инаковости по ту сторону представления, как узнавание себя-иного-настоящего. Топологическое описание акта встречи с другим завершается рассмотрением феномена слова. Слово — это весть о событии встречи. Через язык осуществляется выход к миру-единому. Слово понимается как продолжение человеческого тела. Без слова нет события, но и слова нет без события. В слове — наше свидетельство о мире; весть о событии лежит в начале общения и общества.
“Mente iubilemus interius, uoce psallamus exterius”
Authors: Сота Хуан
Published: January 2025

Franciscan Juan Gil de Zamora's writings represent the most extensive surviving collection of 13th-century Latin Marian literature in Castile. Covering a broad spectrum of topics and genres, from poetic hymns and sermons to theological treatises and miracle tales, these works offer valuable insights into the Franciscan approach to promoting devotion to Mary among varied audiences. This article provides an overview of Juan Gil's Mariological contributions, emphasizing his “Office of the Virgin”, commissioned by King Alfonso X. Juan Gil's writings, primarily didactic, were influenced by his teaching roles within the Franciscan Order and aimed to support preaching. His strategic use of language to inspire devotion aligns with 13th-century mendicant preaching trends. By integrating earlier theological traditions with innovative elements, Juan Gil created a distinctive body of work that served both educational and devotional functions. This article reexamines the “Office of the Virgin” not merely as a pious text but as an integral part of Alfonso X's ideological agenda. By placing the Office within the framework of the king's political theology, new perspectives emerge on its function and its connection to other royal projects. The analysis demonstrates how Juan Gil's work intertwined religious and political narratives, enhancing Alfonso X's image as a devout ruler and reinforcing the political legitimacy of the Castilian monarchy. This study underscores the dual role of Marian devotion in shaping both spiritual and political spheres in 13th-century Castile.
Ortega Then and Now
Authors: Навас Карралеро Мария
Published: January 2025

Review of: Peña, C. 2022. La actualidad de Ortega y Gasset [in Spanish]. Flash.
Context, Vision and Legacy
Authors: дель Мар Бласко Лоренцо Мария
Published: January 2025

Review of: Francisco, A., ed. 2023. Ortega y Gasset, su visión de España [in Spanish]. Madrid: Sekotia.
Hostile Environments: Theatrical Conventions and the Law
Authors: Owen Louise
Published: January 2025

The article queries how theatrical conventions intersect with the law through analysis of two contemporary productions – a revival of Agatha Christie’s 1953 courtroom drama Witness for the Prosecution (County Hall, 2017-date) directed by Lucy Bailey, and a new contemporary documentary performance This Is Who I Am (touring, 2017-date) presented by ice&fire theatre company, touring to universities, community organisations and schools. Each of these productions in different ways thematises legal process and immigration. Drawing on scholarship in theatre and legal studies, the article analyses their visual rhetorics, contextualising them in relation to the rise and commercialisation of immersive experience, to argue that the British legislative construct of the ‘hostile environment’ bears a logical resemblance to immersivity in performance.
Актуальные вопросы стоматологии: сборник научных трудов, посвященный 55-летию стоматологического образования в СамГМУ
Authors: Колсанов А.В. , Котельников Г.П. , Трунин Д.А. , Столяренко П.Ю.
Published: January 2025

Сборник посвящен становлению и развитию стоматологического образования в Самарском государственном медицинском университете. Представлены научные работы сотрудников университета, других вузов страны и работников практического здравоохранения.
Опубликованы статьи по истории развития стоматологического образования в СамГМУ и автобиографические очерки ведущих ученых стоматологов.
В институте стоматологии работали и продолжают трудиться многие выдающиеся ученые – корифеи отечественной стоматологии, прославившие родной медицинский университет.
Unveiling Hate Speech Dynamics: An Examination of Discourse Targeting the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET)
Authors: Arce-García Sergio , Martin-Jiménez Virginia , Rodríguez-Fernández Leticia
Published: January 2025

This article examines hate speech directed at AEMET, the Spanish meteorological state agency, on the social media platform X. We analysed nearly half a million messages posted between 31 December 2021 and 19 April 2023, using hate speech detection algorithms, text mining techniques, and qualitative analysis to identify patterns and themes in the discourse. Our research reveals a troubling reality, with around 25% of the messages collected displaying some degree of hostility towards AEMET, its staff, and its scientific work. A considerable amount of hate speech was expressed through derogatory comments and insults aimed at meteorologists, which is indicative of a wider trend of anti‐intellectualism and scepticism of scientific expertise. Furthermore, the spread of conspiracy theories, particularly those related to geoengineering and chemtrails, highlights the spread of misinformation within online communities. This study emphasises the importance of acknowledging and addressing the spread of hate speech in meteorology and scientific communication. By emphasising the negative effects of such language on public perception and trust in scientific institutions, this article advocates for collaborative efforts to promote a culture of informed dialogue and evidence‐based discourse. The results highlight the importance of combating hate speech and misinformation to protect the integrity and credibility of scientific institutions such as AEMET.
Bariatric surgery as an important step towards kidney transplantation in patients with morbid obesity and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Voronets Evgenia M. , Smirnov Alexander V. , Stankevich Vladimir R. , Abdulkerimov Zaypulla A. , Panchenkov Dmitry N. , Sharobaro Vladimir I. , Ivanov Yury V.
Published: January 2025

An analysis of scientific studies devoted to the problem of bariatric surgery in patients with stages IIIb–V as chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the main step towardspossible kidney transplantation is presented. Obesity leads to CKD both directly, acting as an independent risk factor, and indirectly, by increasing the risk of diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis (i.e., a group of independent risk factors for CKD). CKD with an outcome of chronic renal failure is the second most common cause of mortality and disability in obese patients. In most kidney transplantation centers, a body mass index of more than 40 kg/m2 is a contraindication for to transplantation (refusal to be included on the waiting list); and a body mass index of more than 35 kg/m2 is a relative contraindication. In some cases, bariatric surgery is the only way to perform organ transplantation. Direct indications for bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity undergoing hemodialysis therapy have been identified. The established diet before/after bariatric surgery with the inclusion of protein isolate is not the cause of protein overload in patients with CKD. Bariatric surgery is considered a safe treatment option for obesity in potential kidney transplant candidates, given their continued need for immunosuppressive therapy.
Purifikasi dan karakterisasi parvalbumin patin dan gurami
Authors: Nugraha Roni , Safitri Novemi Gita , Nurilmala Mala , Pertiwi Rizsa Mustika
Published: January 2025

Parvalbumin merupakan protein penyebab utama alergi ikan. Namun, penderita alergi ikan menunjukkan reaksi yang berbeda terhadap jenis ikan yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, purifikasi dan karakterisasi parvalbumin pada berbagai spesies ikan penting untuk dilakukan sebagai upaya pengembangan teknologi deteksi alergi ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan saturasi ammonium sulfat terbaik untuk purifikasi parvalbumin dan mengkarakterisasinya secara in silico. Parvalbumin dari ikan patin dan gurami mentah dan hasil pemasakan dimurnikan dan dikarakterisasi. Parvalbumin dimurnikan dengan metode presipitasi amonium sulfat (20-90% saturasi), kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan metode SDS-PAGE. Sifat alergenisitas parvalbumin dari gurami dan patin dianalisis secara in silico. Identifikasi profil protein menunjukkan adanya 2 pita yang merepresentasikan parvalbumin dengan bobot molekul 11 dan 14 kDa. Pemurnian menggunakan amonium sulfat belum menghasilkan parvalbumin yang murni karena masih ditemukan adanya pita-pita protein lain yang cukup tebal. Namun, amonium sulfat dengan saturasi 80-90% menghasilkan profil yang terbaik pada proses pemurnian parvalbumin dari ikan mentah dan 90-100% untuk ikan yang dimasak. Hasil analisis bioinformatika menunjukkan adanya 7 sekuen parvalbumin untuk ikan patin, tetapi tidak ditemukan adanya sekuen parvalbumin untuk ikan gurami. Sekuen parvalbumin ikan patin dengan kode XP_026772003.1 memiliki kemiripan yang tinggi dengan parvalbumin dari spesies lain misalnya salmon dan tilapia yang terbukti alergenik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar dalam karakterisasi parvalbumin lebih lanjut untuk mendukung adanya diagnosis yang lebih baik.
Efek minyak ikan terhadap histopatologi hati mencit yang diinduksi dengan azoksimetan dan dekstran sodium sulfat
Authors: Wangi Surya Buana , Syofyan Stephen Dario , Kusmardi Kusmardi
Published: January 2025

Kematian akibat kanker kolorektal umumnya disebabkan oleh kerusakan hati manusia melalui metastasis yang terjadi pada lever. Minyak ikan memiliki efek anti inflamasi dan imunomodulator yang dapat menurunkan tingkat kerusakan hati. Pengobatan kanker kolorektal sudah diteliti secara in vivo menggunakan hewan mencit dan tikus. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan dosis terbaik minyak ikan untuk memperbaiki kerusaskan hati mencit melalui parameter jumlah fokus nekrosis, steatosis, inflamasi, dysplasia, dan vena sentral yang mengalami obstruksi. Minyak ikan dihasilkan dari bagian sirip, isi perut, dan kepala ikan tuna yang menjadi hasil samping dari industri pemfiletan, lalu diekstraksi dengan enzim papain. Lumatan sirip, isi perut, dan kepala ikan tuna dicampur enzim papain dengan persentase 85% dan 15%. Mencit percobaan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu tanpa minyak ikan, pemberian minyak ikan dosis rendah (1,5 mg/hari), dosis sedang (3 mg/hari), dan dosis tinggi (6 mg/hari). Perlakuan berupa induksi AOM 10 mg/kg BB dan DSS 2% (b/v) dilakukan pada keempat kelompok tersebut. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi perhitungan jumlah fokus nekrosis, steatosis, inflamasi, dysplasia, dan vena sentral yang mengalami obstruksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan pemberian dosis minyak ikan berpengaruh pada jumlah fokus nekrosis dan obstruksi vena sentral hati mencit. Jumlah steatosis, inflamasi, dan dysplasia tidak ditemukan secara pengamatan mikroskopis pada hati mencit. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pemberian minyak ikan dosis tinggi (6 mg/hari) karena dapat menurunkan fokus nekrotik dan obstruksi vena sentral pada hati mencit sebesar 24,40±3,29 unit dan 4,20±2,28 unit. Minyak ikan hasil samping ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares) dapat memperbaiki histopatologi hati mencit yang diinduksi dengan AOM dan DSS.
Nutritional enrichment from Bali sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) head meal in fish crackers as emergency food
Authors: Mutamimah Dewi , Arista Yuvita Lira Vesti , Untari Dewi , Liasari Ade
Published: January 2025

Various natural disasters occur frequently in Indonesia, such as heavy floods, tornadoes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis, which disrupt access to the facilities and infrastructure necessary for clothing and food needs. Emergency food is an essential alternative for victims of natural disasters because of its long shelf-life and high nutritional content. Crackers are classified as emergency foods because of their ease of transport and extended storage period. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of Bali sardinella head flour based on the nutritional characteristics of fish crackers as a food source. The method used was a completely randomized design with five treatments varying with the addition of Bali sardinella head meal: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%.  Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a color reader for color analysis. The best results were in 5% of Bali sardinella head flour in fish crackers by proximate analysis with protein, lipid, moisture, ash, and carbohydrate was 4.93±0.46bc, 12.81±0.25d, 11.43±0.59b, 5.19±0.59b, 65.64±0.99a, for dietary fiber was 4.03±0.01b, color properties consist of Lightness (L) 58.15±0.07d, A 11.00±0.00, B 27.15±0.07.  This study provides valuable insights into the nutritional composition of Bali sardinella head meal in fish crackers.
BayesBay: A Versatile Bayesian Inversion Framework Written in Python
Authors: Magrini Fabrizio , He Jiawen , Sambridge Malcolm
Published: January 2025

The lack of versatile tools for Bayesian inference presents a significant challenge to researchers in geophysics, who often resort to developing bespoke codes to address specific classes of inverse problems. In this study, we present BayesBay, a Python package for generalized transdimensional and hierarchical Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. Leveraging object-oriented programming principles, BayesBay facilitates the definition of Bayesian sampling problems across a range of applications. This includes joint inversions of multiple data sets with different forward functions and unknown noise properties, as well as complex parameterizations involving multiple parameters with unknown dimensionality and/or spatially varying priors. We illustrate BayesBay from both a technical and a practical perspective. The first two applications are common in geophysics: a 2D tomographic problem and a joint inversion for the 1D subsurface structure. The third involves partition modeling and requires a sophisticated parameterization with two nested levels of transdimensionality. In all cases, BayesBay recovers known solutions, highlighting its potential to address a broad range of inverse problems.
Exploring Data Set Bias and Decision Support with Predictive Uncertainty Through Bayesian Approximations and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Linville Lisa , Garcia Jorge A. , Vieceli Rhiannon E.
Published: January 2025

Individual seismic catalogs can contain multiscale observations from fault level to global scales and associated waveforms from discrete events reflect crustal structure across many different scales and locations. Seismic network aperture, geographic location, and observation distance may not provide informative guidance or intuition on how different catalogs will behave across models trained under different conditions. We rely on uncertainty to provide guardrails for when to trust model decisions, but understanding when our uncertainty is trustworthy is an open challenge. Here, we explore Bayesian approximation methods for assigning predictive uncertainty in seismic event classification problems. We find that computationally expensive Bayesian approximations do not outperform simple ensemble methods. We also find that when exploiting multiple seismic event catalogs, joint training with data from all the catalogs combined with Bayesian approximations and supervised training for classification can obscure bias and result in less robust uncertainty while also not providing substantial performance benefits compared to training individual models for each catalog.
The specifics of the First World War theme Positioning in Belarusian Prose of the 1920s–30s
Authors: Tratsiak Zoya
Published: January 2025

The article examines the results of the study of Belarusian literature of the 1920s and 30s, dedicated to the events of the First World War. Based on the prose by Symon Baranavykh, Zmìtrok Biadula, Platon Galavach, Ales Garodni, Cìshka Gartny, Maksìm Garetskì, Mìkhas Zaretskì, Kandrat Krapìva, Yanka Lìmanovskì, Mìkola Loban, Mìkhas Lynkov, Mìkhas Mialeshka, Makar Pasladovich, Eduard Samujlonak, Yan Skrygan, Kuzma Chorny, the main thematic groups are distinguished: front, rear, and refugee, the theme of life under German occupation. The complementarity of these groups is proven. They comprehensively embodied various manifestations of war and their impact on an ordinary eyewitness or participant in hostilities. The role of the image of the enemy, whose perception changes under the influence of acquired experience, is noted. The conceptual significance of the continuous war motif is determined. It allows to depict the events of 1914–1918 in inextricably connection with the national history of the 20th century. The presence of a special gap between the presentation of the First World War theme in the literature of the 1920s and 30s and its interpretation in Belarusian literary studies is emphasized.
The Independent Belarusian Theater in Poland: Three Seasons in Exile
Authors: Lappo Irina
Published: January 2025

The article is dedicated to Belarusian theatre in Poland following the 2020 protests. The author examines the repertoire of exile theatre, studies both quantitative and qualitative aspects of its functioning within a foreign culture and a market-based economy. Independent Belarusian theatre, destroyed, banned, and exiled from its homeland, has been reborn in Poland. Over the past three seasons (2021–2024), thanks to the solidarity of the people of Polish theatre and support of the Polish state in the form of a system of grants and residencies, several new theatre groups and creative associations have emerged. The main subject of analysis is the thematic areas explored by Belarusian creators. The themes of the performances determine the choice of formal means of expression, while theatrical forms, in turn, influence how the audience perceives and interprets the content of the performances. The author identifies four paths of communication with the audience, tracing the relationship between artistic content and the choice of appropriate expressive forms. What and how does Belarusian theatre in exile communicate? It speaks of protests, repression, political prisoners, the experiences of emigration, and war – through documentary theatre; of universal existential issues – using classical and contemporary Belarusian literature; of Belarusian culture and identity – by incorporating folklore and the energy of music; and of the contemporary world – combining visual, physical, and musical codes at the intersection of various theatrical genres in an intensive dialogue with European art.
Cutaneous Infections of the Patients with Malignancy
Authors: Seo Hyun-Min , Park Ji Hun , Kim Joung Soo
Published: January 2025

Cutaneous infections are a significant concern in patients with malignancies, due to immunocompromised from both the underlying disease and its treatment. This review aims to explore the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical management challenges of cutaneous infections in cancer patients, focusing on viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens.
Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are crucial in managing these infections. Treatment typically involves targeted antimicrobial therapies, with surgical intervention deemed necessary in severe cases.
EFFECT OF SYSTEMIC IMMUNE-INFLAMMATION INDEX ON MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Dural İbrahim Etem , Yalım Zafer , Aksu Uğur , Özgeyik Mehmet , Gökaslan Serkan , Yılmaz Ömer Faruk
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: Peripheral artery disease ranks as the third leading
cause of death and illness following coronary artery disease
and cerebrovascular disease among atherosclerotic conditions,
representing a significant health concern worldwide. Our study
aims to explore the association between the systemic immune-
inflammation index a combined marker of inflammation
and aggregation and survival in patients with peripheral artery
disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study,
we examined the medical records of 432 individuals diagnosed
with peripheral artery disease between the years 2010 and
2020. The systemic immune-inflammation index was calculated
based on platelet to lymphocyte ratios from the patients’
complete blood count tests, and the relationship between this
index and mortality was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival
analysis.
RESULTS: Our findings demonstrate that the systemic immune-
inflammation index is an independent predictor of mortality
in peripheral artery disease. Statistical analyses have shown
that higher values of the systemic immune-inflammation index
(> 854), correlate with increased mortality in individuals with
peripheral artery disease and type two diabetes mellitus (OR:
1.02, %95 GA: 0.98-1.04, p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the systemic immune-inflammation
index is a significant determinant of survival in patients
with peripheral artery disease. These results can enhance
our understanding of the role of inflammation and immune
response in the management of peripheral artery disease and
may contribute to developing potential therapeutic strategies.
GENÇ ERİŞKİNLERDE KRANİYOFASİYAL ÖLÇÜMLERİN VE FASİYAL ASİMETRİNİN CİNSİYETE GÖRE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Kamaşak Arpaçay Burcu , Bilir Bilgen Begüm , Uğuz Emre , Gorgulu Ozkan , Ulcay Tufan , Aycan Kenan
Published: January 2025

morfometrisi ve fasiyal asimetrinin bilinmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada genç erişkinlerde kraniyofasiyal antropometrik ölçümlerin ve fasiyal asimetrinin cinsiyetler arası karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenmesi amaçlandı.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışma 75 kız 75 erkek olmak üzere toplam 150 birey üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcıların dijital fotoğraf makinesi kullanılarak fotoğrafları çekilerek bu fotoğraflar üzerinden kraniyofasiyal ölçümler “ImageJ” programıyla yapıldı. Gnathion merkezli ölçümler yüzün sağ ve sol yarısında ayrı ayrı ölçülerek asimetri değerleri ve yüzdeleri hesaplandı.
BULGULAR: Minimum frontal genişlik ve bilateral alt yüz derinliği erkeklerde kızlara göre daha yüksek ve istatistiksel anlamlı bulunurken (p=0.016; p= 0.028), baş yüksekliği, total kraniyofasiyal baş yüksekliği, bilateral üst yüz derinliği, fizyonomik yüz yüksekliği, iç ve dış kantal mesafe, sağ ve sol göz fissür uzunlukları ve burun uzunluğu kızlarda erkeklere göre daha yüksek ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p=0.025; p=0.041; p=0.026; p=0.036; p=0.000; p=0.000; p=0.032; p=0.005; p=0.000) bulundu. Gnathion merkezli yapılan ölçümlerde yüzün sağ yarısındaki parametreler sol yarısına göre daha uzun ve genel olarak erkeklerde kızlara göre daha yüksek ölçüldü.
SONUÇ: Çalışmada her iki cinsiyet arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. Fasiyal asimetri erkeklerde kızlara göre daha fazla tespit edildi. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin yüz anomalileri, pre-op yüz değerlendirmesi ve uygun tedavi protokolünün planlanmasında yardımcı olacağı kanaatindeyiz.
Productividad empresarial y asignación de recursos en Ecuador: la relevancia de los factores regionales
Authors: Guaipatín Carlos , Navarro Lucas , Wyss Federico
Published: January 2025

Este documento presenta nueva evidencia sobre la evolución y los determinantes de la productividad laboral en el Ecuador con un enfoque regional, utilizando datos de sociedades con fines de lucro del Registro Estadístico de Empresas (REEM) del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC) para el período 2012-2022. Los hallazgos muestran que, aunque la productividad laboral empresarial se mantuvo estancada durante gran parte del período analizado, experimentó un notable crecimiento en 2021 y 2022, superando los niveles de 2012. Este aumento se atribuye al desempeño de las empresas consolidadas que permanecieron en el mercado, lo que sugiere que, tras el impacto recesivo de 2020, hubo una fuerte reasignación de recursos dentro de estas empresas. En contraste, el nacimiento y cierre de firmas tuvieron un impacto limitado en el crecimiento de productividad. Además, se observa que este desempeño agregado fue impulsado por la región del Litoral, que mostró un mayor dinamismo en productividad en comparación con la región de la Sierra, especialmente en el sector transable y en empresas grandes.