bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying rural disparity in healthcare utilization in the United States: Analysis of a large midwestern healthcare system
Authors: Nuako Akua , Liu Jingxia , Pham Giang , Smock Nina , James Aimee , Baker Timothy , Bierut Laura , Colditz Graham , Chen Li-Shiun
Published: February 2022

Purpose

The objective of this study is to identify how predisposing characteristics, enabling factors, and health needs are jointly and individually associated with epidemiological patterns of outpatient healthcare utilization for patients who already interact and engage with a large healthcare system.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed electronic medical record data from 1,423,166 outpatient clinic visits from 474,674 patients in a large healthcare system from June 2018-March 2019. We evaluated patients who exclusively visited rural clinics versus patients who exclusively visited urban clinics using Chi-square tests and the generalized estimating equation Poisson regression methodology. The outcome was healthcare use defined by the number of outpatient visits to clinics within the healthcare system and independent variables included age, gender, race, ethnicity, smoking status, health status, and rural or urban clinic location. Supplementary analyses were conducted observing healthcare use patterns within rural and urban clinics separately and within primary care and specialty clinics separately.

Findings

Patients in rural clinics vs. urban clinics had worse health status [χ2 = 935.1, df = 3, p<0.0001]. Additionally, patients in rural clinics had lower healthcare utilization than patients in urban clinics, adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, gender, smoking, and health status [2.49 vs. 3.18 visits, RR = 0.61, 95%CI = (0.55,0.68), p<0.0001]. Further, patients in rural clinics had lower utilization for both primary care and specialty care visits.

Conclusions

Within the large healthcare system, patients in rural clinics had lower outpatient healthcare utilization compared to their urban counterparts despite having potentially elevated health needs reflected by a higher number of unique health diagnoses documented in their electronic health records after adjusting for multiple factors. This work can inform future studies exploring the roots and ramifications of rural-urban healthcare utilization differences and rural healthcare disparities.
Upregulated WTAP expression in colorectal cancer correlates with tumor site and differentiation
Authors: Dong Xiao-Fang , Wang Yan , Tang Chih-Hsin , Huang Bi-Fei , Du Zhang , Wang Qian , Shao Jun-Kang , Lu Hua-Jun , Wang Chao-Qun
Published: February 2022

Few reports exist regarding the expression and function of Wilms’ tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the evidence is controversial. Our analysis explored the expression of WTAP in CRC tissue, and analyzed its clinical and prognostic significance. WTAP expression was significantly higher in CRC tissue than in colorectal adenoma and normal colorectal tissue. WTAP was highest in left colon tumor samples and negatively associated with tumor differentiation, as well as depth of tumor invasion. In multiple logistic regression analysis, independent predictors of WTAP expression in CRC included tumor in the left colon (odds ratio = 2.634; 95% confidence interval: 1.129–6.142;P= 0.025) and poorly differentiated tissue (0.072; 0.014–0.367;P= 0.002). No clear relationship was observed between CRC patient prognosis and WTAP expression. We suggest that WTAP expression is upregulated in CRC, highly expressed in left colon cancer and negatively correlated with tumor differentiation.
GM-CSF perturbs cell identity in mouse pre-implantation embryos
Authors: Pock Tim , Schulte Katharina , Schlatt Stefan , Boiani Michele , Nordhoff Verena
Published: February 2022

Growth factors became attractive candidates for medium supplementation to further improve the quality of embryo culture and to mimic in vivo nutrition. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine influencing the maternal-fetal interface and supporting placental development in mouse and human. It is expressed in epithelial cells of the endometrium under the regulation of estrogens. The factor is already in clinical use and a large clinical trial showed that, if supplemented to an embryo culture medium, it leads to increased survival of embryos, especially in women with previous miscarriages. Animal and cell culture studies on isolated trophectoderm cells support an effect mainly on cellular expansion. Aim of this study was to investigate, if the supplementation of GM-CSF either in a human ART medium or in a mouse optimized medium, leads to a change in cell number and cell lineages in the early pre-implantation mouse embryo. Our data shows that mouse GM-CSF increased total cell numbers with increasing concentrations. This increase of cell number has not been found in embryos cultured in ART media with or without human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF) or in a mouse medium supplemented with different concentrations of hGM-CSF. The changes were caused by a marked difference in TE and primitive endoderm cell numbers but not due to a change in epiblast cell numbers. Additionally, results show an ectopic expression of NANOG among trophectoderm cells in both, human ART media (with and without GM-CSF) and at increasing concentrations in the mouse and the human GM-CSF supplemented media. In conclusion, we could show that GM-CSF has an effect on cell identity in mice, which might probably also occur in the human. Therefore, we would like to rare awareness that the use of supplements without proper research could bare risks for the embryo itself and probably also in the post-implantation phase.
Stress and substance abuse among workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in an intensive care unit: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Vinicius Santinelli Pestana Diego , Raglione Dante , Junior Luiz Dalfior , Liberatti Caroline de Souza Pereira , Braga Elisangela Camargo , Ezequiel Vitor Augusto de Lima , Alves Adriana da Silva , Mauro Juliana Gil , Dias José Omar de Araújo , Moreira Paulo Thadeu Fantinato , Madureira Bruno Del Bianco , Paiva Lilian Petroni , de Lucena Bruno Melo Nóbrega , Junior João Manoel Silva , Malbouisson Luiz Marcelo Sá
Published: February 2022

Objective

Professionals working in intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been exposed to stressful situations and increased workload. The association between symptoms of traumatic stress disorders, substance abuse and personal/occupational characteristics of Brazilian COVID-19-ICU workers is still to be addressed. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of those conditions and to find if those associations exist.

Methods

In this observational, single-center, cross-sectional study, all professionals working in a COVID-19 ICU were invited to fill an anonymous form containing screening tools for traumatic stress disorders and substance abuse, and a section with questions regarding personal and occupational information.

Results

Three hundred seventy-six ICU professionals participated. Direct exposure to patients infected by COVID-19, history of relatives infected by COVID-19, and sex (female) were significantly associated with signs and symptoms of traumatic stress disorders. 76.5% of the participants had scores compatible with a diagnosis of traumatic stress disorders. Moreover, the prevalence of scores suggestive of Tobacco and Alcohol abuse were 11.7% and 24.7%, respectively.

Conclusion

ICU workers had significantly elevated scores on both screening forms. Providing psycho-social support to ICU professionals may prevent future problems with traumatic stress disorders or substance abuse.
Interleukin-17 contributes to Ross River virus-induced arthritis and myositis
Authors: Mostafavi Helen , Tharmarajah Kothila , Vider Jelena , West Nicholas P. , Freitas Joseph R. , Cameron Barbara , Foster Paul S. , Hueston Linda P. , Lloyd Andrew R. , Mahalingam Suresh , Zaid Ali
Published: February 2022

Arthritogenic alphaviruses are mosquito-borne viruses that are a major cause of infectious arthropathies worldwide, and recent outbreaks of chikungunya virus and Ross River virus (RRV) infections highlight the need for robust intervention strategies. Alphaviral arthritis can persist for months after the initial acute disease, and is mediated by cellular immune responses. A common strategy to limit inflammation and pathology is to dampen the overwhelming inflammatory responses by modulating proinflammatory cytokine pathways. Here, we investigate the contribution of interleukin-17 (IL-17), a cytokine involved in arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis, in the development RRV-induced arthritis and myositis. IL-17 was quantified in serum from RRV-infected patients, and mice were infected with RRV and joints and muscle tissues collected to analyse cellular infiltrates, tissue mRNA, cytokine expression, and joint and muscle histopathology. IL-17 expression was increased in musculoskeletal tissues and serum of RRV-infected mice and humans, respectively. IL-17–producing T cells and neutrophils contributed to the cellular infiltrate in the joint and muscle tissue during acute RRV disease in mice. Blockade of IL-17A/F using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) reduced disease severity in RRV-infected mice and led to decreased proinflammatory proteins, cellular infiltration in synovial tissues and cartilage damage, without affecting viral titers in inflamed tissues. IL-17A/F blockade triggered a shift in transcriptional profile of both leukocyte infiltrates and musculoskeletal stromal cells by downregulating proinflammatory genes. This study highlights a previously uncharacterized role for an effector cytokine in alphaviral pathology and points towards potential therapeutic benefit in targeting IL-17 to treat patients presenting with RRV-induced arthropathy.
problemática en la conservación de las pinturas al óleo contemporáneas
Authors: Sancho Zorraquino María
Published: February 2022

Los nuevos materiales y técnicas empleados por los artistas en la producción de las obras de arte contemporáneo van a condicionar en gran medida su conservación. Estos materiales, en su mayoría de origen sintético, van a mostrar cierta inestabilidad, además de que la combinación de materiales de diversa naturaleza en una misma obra va a producir incompatibilidades entre los mismos. Estos nuevos materiales van a plantear nuevos retos a los conservadores/as-restauradores/as a la hora de llevar a cabo la intervención de estas obras. En concreto, este artículo trata sobre las pinturas al óleo contemporáneas y sus alteraciones más comunes, ya que el óleo se trata de un material usado tradicionalmente pero se van a producir una serie de cambios en las formulaciones de estas pinturas, que van a ser los principales causantes de su deterioro, dando lugar a nuevas alteraciones que van a conllevar el diseño de nuevas estrategias de intervención.
Birziklatutako poliuretano-aparraren erabilera nahaste bituminosoetan
Authors: Pérez-Acebo Heriberto , Salas Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2022

Sustantzia asko erabili dira betuna eraldatzeko haien propietateak eta errendimendua hobetzeko helburuarekin, baina gehien erabiltzen direnak polimeroak dira. Poliuretano-aparra isolatze termikotik sortzen den hondakin-produktu bat da, normalean zabortegietan amaitzen dena. Hondakin poliuretano-aparra betun eraldatzaile gisa aukeratu zen betunak eraldatzeko bi nahaste bituminoso ezberdinak ekoizteko: beroan egindako nahastea B 50/70 motako betunarekin eta mastika bituminosoa B 35/50 motako betunarekin. Polimerozko (poliuretano-aparrezko) kantitate ezberdinak betunetan gehitu ziren, betunaren pisuaren % 1etik % 5era. Betun bietan ikusi zen %5a baino gehiagoko polimeroa sartzeak laginak zakar bihurtzen zituen langarritasun eskasarekin eta, horren ondorioz, baztertu ziren. Bi nahaste bituminosozko laginak polimerozko %4ko portzentajearekin ekoiztu ziren. Marshall entseguak eraldatutako beroan egindako nahaste bituminosoetan egonkortasunean hobekuntzak eta deformazio txikiagoa erakutsi zituen ez eraldatutako laginekin konparatzean. Era berean, eraldatutako mastika bituminosoak identazio-balio txikiagoak erakutsi zituen ez eraldatutakoak baino, trafiko astuneko errepideetan erabiltzeko gai izanik. Ondorioz, hondakineko poliuretano-aparra etorkizun handiko betun eraldatzaile izan daitekeela atzematen da, betunaren propietateak hobetzen dituena.
Desempleo de larga duración, colectivos vulnerables y la reformulación de las políticas activas de empleo
Authors: Aguilar Gonzálvez María Cristina
Published: February 2022

Reflexionamos en torno al acceso al mercado de trabajo de las personas vulnerables, desde el ámbito de las políticas de empleo por colectivos, y en presencia de la tan esperada regulación sistematizada de las políticas activas de empleo por el RD 818/2021, aprobado en septiembre de 2021, y estando en ejecución el Plan REINCORPORA-T, que partió del compromiso con las personas desempleadas de larga duración; esto es, con numerosos y variados colectivos vulnerables, destinatarios prioritarios de medidas de fomento del empleo, según la lista abierta que describe la Ley de Empleo en su art. 30.1, y que en la nueva regulación se ve amplificada y actualizada.
La política de empleo “centrada en las personas”, pero a la vez con un enfoque holístico, mirándolas desde su posición en el mercado de trabajo en atención a los rasgos y cualificación que aportan, deviene en la técnica más idónea. Habrá que prestar especial atención a los resultados que arroje la ejecución de los programas de activación y los que impliquen contratación, a ser empleados en la elaboración de medidas preventivas frente a futuras situaciones de desempleo.
Az egyházak helyzete Makón az őszirózsás forradalom idején
Authors: Orbán Imre
Published: February 2022

With a population of more than 35,000, Makó was one of the most populous and important cities in Hungary. Makó was the seat of Csanád county. Its religious life was characterized by diversity. The Reformed Church was the largest. The Roman Catholic Church was strong, with a significant Greek Catholic and Lutheran community. Almost two thousand Jews also lived in the city. Several church schools operated here. After the lost World War I, Hungary, which had been part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy until then, declared its independence. The Aster Revolution of 1918 created completely new conditions for the operation of churches and religious communities in the country and, in Makó. Political life continued to radicalize, and church-critical and anti-church forces grew stronger. This endangered, among other things, the property of the churches, their educational institutions, and the system of religious education. The article examines how the life of the churches of Makó developed in the new circumstances, especially in view of the fact that, as early as January 30th 1919, far-left forces seized power in the city, ahead of national processes.
Kalapács és üllő között
Authors: Tomkó Zoltán
Published: February 2022

In 1571, Christian Schesaeus (1535?–1585) published his most important work, the four-book historical account entitled Ruina Pannonica, in Wittenberg. This verse work covers the history of Hungary from 1540 until 1552. The Wittenberg edition also contains the three-book Historia de bello Pannonico about Suleiman I’s final campaign in Hungary, which took place in 1566. Centuries later manuscripts were found containing five books which were identified as books V-VIII and XII of the Ruina Pannonica. Josef Trausch proposed that the apparently missing books IX-XI were in fact the three books of the Historia de bello Pannonico. István Hegedűs even asserted that from the beginning Schesaeus wanted to write a great epos in twelve books on the model of Vergil’s Aeneid, centering around the life and rule of John II (1540-1571). He also viewed Schesaeus as a precursor of transylvanianism. On the basis of these assumptions, Ferenc Csonka, the editor of the Schesaeus corpus, published a twelve-book edition of the Ruina Pannonica. Péter Kulcsár argued that this editorial decision was problematic on several grounds, holding that while Schesaeus did have the intention of expanding his work, he never completed this project. In this paper, I argue that the four books of the Ruina Pannonica published in Wittenberg constitute a complete work with its own cohesive message and objectives, that the original idea has certainly not been to write a long work covering the period from 1540 until 1571 and concentrating on John II, who was still alive when the work was written, and that Schesaeus can hardly be considered a precursor of transylvanianism.
A képi források és az illusztrációk didaktikai szempontjairól
Authors: Engel Enikő , Vajda Barnabás
Published: February 2022

Images are important parts of school textbooks. They do not only have an illustrative function, but they are also able to motivate students, and even new knowledge can be gained through them since they can help to systematize knowledge. Although the number of illustrations has increased in history textbooks over the years, and even if images have shown a great variety, it does not mean that they are better in pedagogical quality. In our study, we examine pictures from current history textbooks that have been used in primary schools in the Slovak Republic. First we analyse the structure of the textbooks, then the didactical functions of the pictures/figures, with special reference to the properties of the maps in the textbooks. We also make suggestions how the pictorial material of these books could be changed to make them more resource-centric, didactically up-to-date, and more effective. In our analysis we conclude that the authors did not equip these textbook pictures with appropriate didactic apparatus. Although our textbooks are lined up with plenty of colourful and varied illustrations, due to the size of the images and the quantity and quality of the questions and tasks associated with them, these are merely illustrations and not resources. It is a bitter experience that in Slovakia the preparation of taxonomized tasks, missing from textbooks, is left to teachers.
The Birth of the Myth of the Unaffiliated Sociologist
Authors: Rostás Zoltán
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to focus on Professor Dimitrie Gusti’s position within the Peasantist government at the beginning of 1930s. The author tries to gather necessary arguments against the belief which emerged in the fifties under the communist regime, and still valid until present days, that Gusti was promoted in the government of the National Peasantry Party because he was a good specialist, and not because of his political affiliation to this party. Asides the significant antecedents which prove the permanent and powerful connection with the elite of the National Peasantry Party since the beginning of the 1920s, he also had an interest in studying and modernizing the rural areas. The Professor’s political behavior during his term might be described as loyalty and dedication towards fulfilling the governing programme of the party. More than that, even in 1934, when the National Peasantry Party was in opposition, Dimitrie Gusti, defended the accuracy of this party’s political programme and participated in the conception of its new programme. The clarification of the professor’s position within the Peasantry Party government is suitable especially for analyzing his ideological stance, which is a subject that still arises perfectly justifiable in current debates. This analysis is legitimate not only for clearing the Professor’s position, but also for shedding light on the activity of the National Peasantry Party.
"Vodka, Beer, Papirosy"
Authors: Daniel Ondrej
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, Ondřej Daniel discusses the contemporary developments of hardbass, a predominantly Eastern European electronic dance music style that emerged at the turn of the first decade of the twenty-first century in Russia and spread to different countries of the region and beyond. Specifically, the author focuses on de-politicized and commodified hardbass in relation to social class and the mutations it underwent in late postsocialism in Eastern Europe, while paying particular attention to contexts of the Czech Republic and Russia. In terms of transnational circulation, Daniel approaches hardbass as an element of cultural transfer. The resulting study is based on a multi-site research project focusing beyond Eastern Europe on the specific relationship of hardbass to the Netherlands. It interprets contemporary hardbass music videos in line with mocking colonization by the »normcore« strategies of the »middle class« hipster youth possessing cultural and to certain extent also social and economic capital.
Disembodiment and South Asian Performance Cultures
Authors: Putcha Rumya S.
Published: February 2022

This chapter exposes the role of expressive culture in the rise and spread of late twentieth-century Hindu identity politics. Rumya S. Putcha examines how Hindu nationalism is fueled by affective logics that have crystallized around the female classical dancer and have situated her gendered and athletic body as a transnational emblem of an authentic Hindu and Indian national identity. This embodied identity is represented by the historical South Indian temple dancer and has, in the postcolonial era, been rebranded as the nationalist classical dancer. The author connects the dancer to transnational forms of identity politics, heteropatriarchal marriage economies, as well as pathologies of gender violence. In so doing, the author examines how the affective politics of 'Hinduism' have functionally disembodied the Indian dancer from her voice and her agency in a democratic nation-state. Putcha argues that the nationalist and now transnationalist production of the classical dancer exposes misogyny and casteism and thus requires a critical feminist dismantling.
Music Activism in Serbia at the Turn of the Millennium
Authors: Dragicevic Sesic Milena , Matejic Julija
Published: February 2022

This paper explores subaltern cultural counterpublics in Serbia in the last three decades, through different forms of performative and participatory music activism: from radio activism, public noise, and performances in public spaces during the 1990s, to self-organized choirs in the 2000s and 2010s. By referring to the concept of citizenship, it emphasizes the importance of the relationship between politicality and performance in the public sphere. Analyzed case studies have shown how subaltern counterpublics brought together aesthetical, ethical, and intellectual positions, challenging principles imposed by the state and the church. Through music activism, cultural counterpublics addressed different social anomies: nationalism, xenophobia, social exclusion, hatred, civil rights, and social justice, becoming a focal point of civil resistance, a discursive arena that provokes and subverts mainstream politics. An interdisciplinary research framework has been achieved through linking music and cultural studies with political sciences and performance studies, then applied to the data gathered from the empirical ethnographic research covering several case studies.
Ne bis in idem versus independência entre as instâncias: conflito real ou putativo?
Authors: Silveira de Medeiros Alice
Published: February 2022

No centro da discussão sobre a viabilidade – ou não – de cumulação de imputações e sanções pelos mesmos fatos se encontra o chamado princípio da independência entre as instâncias. Analisa-se alguns dos eventos que circundaram a consagração de tal princípio; e, em vista do conteúdo e das implicações do que se convencionou chamar ne bis in idem, verifica-se acerca da (in)compatibilidade desses dois institutos e, então, propõem-se uma possível interpretação a partir da lei da colisão desenvolvida por Robert Alexy.
A Comprehensive Review on Noise Reducing Materials for Habitable Spaces
Authors: Doddamani Sunita , Shrivastava Bhavna , Kumar Nand
Published: February 2022

Millions of people are subjected to stress, particularly hearing losses due to the adverse impact of noise pollution. Noise mitigation demands inexpensive, efficient and feasible solutions to be developed in habitable spaces including long duration transport systems. The comprehensive review presented here focuses on different noise reducing materials being utilized presently, including recent developmental efforts towards noise mitigation. Sound absorption characterization and associated material parameters are presented initially. The material parameters affecting sound absorption are listed and defined subsequently. A summary about the foaming agents being widely utilized is presented next. The different materials like foams (open and closed cell), metamaterials, sandwiches, and microperforated panels are reviewed in detail before introducing the simulation studies of acoustic wave propagation in cellular structures. The applications are summarized before possible future trends and challenges in developing advanced smart, sustainable noise mitigating material.
Between Talents and Environment Impact during Pandemic COVID-19: Sketching the Career Perception in Vocational School
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Anwar Moh. Khoerul , Suwidagdho Dhanang , Ningsih Ruly
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and examine how student career perceptions are handled by students related to the environmental impact, talents, and COVID-19 circumstances on career services at State Vocational School 3 Klaten. This study uses a qualitative approach. Respondents were students and teachers of Guidance and Counselling at state vocational high school 3 Klaten. The findings indicate that students' career conceptions are connected to the environmental influence, skills, and the COVID-19 settings surrounding career services and that these beliefs favourably affect students' self-development. The findings indicate that the results of interviews with students regarding factors influencing their perceptions of career counselling and career development, including talents, promising career planning with parental support and the impact of the environment, career exploration, career development, and support from learning facilities during the COVID-19.
Implementasi Etika Bisnis Islam terhadap Konsep Green Economics
Authors: Azizah Mabarroh , Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: February 2022

Dalam perspektif etika lingkungan, manusia harus memperlakukan alam tidak semata-mata dalam kaitannya untuk kepentingan dan kebaikan manusia. Nilai-nilai etika Islam seharusnya berorientasi untuk mengembangkan kesadaran bahwa pelestarian lingkungan juga untuk kepentingan seluruh makhluk yang berimplikasi pada terwujudnya konsep ekonomi hijau (green economics) dan implementasi etika bisnis Islam terhadap green economy dalam pengaturan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan  adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif, sedangkan sifat penelitiannya adalah diskriptis analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Islam tidak memandang aktivitas bisnis hanya dalam tataran kehidupan dunia sebab semua aktivitas dapat bernilai ibadah jika dilandasi dengan aturan-aturan yang telah disyariatkan Allah. Etika bisnis Islam adalah tuntutan yang harus dilaksanakan oleh pelaku bisnis dalam menegakkan konsep keseimbangan ekonomi. Bisnis yang berdasarkan etika akan menjadikan sistem perekonomian akan berjalan secara seimbang. 2) Implementasi green economy adalah implementasi energi terbarukan, green economy merupakan rezim ekonomi yang mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan manusia dan kesetraan sosial, dan sekaligus mengurangi resiko lingkungan secara signifikan, dikarenakan green economy  adalah perekonomian yang rendah karbon dan tidak menghasilkan emisi serta polusi lingkungan, hemat sumber daya alam, dan berkeadilan sosial.
In-service Educators Co-constructing Knowledge in a PBL Setting: Phases of Interaction
Authors: Tan Swee Chuan , Tee Meng Yew
Published: February 2022

Collaboration is an essential part of problem-based learning (PBL), but detailed understanding about how interaction between PBL participants leads to co-construction of knowledge is still quite scarce. This study attempted to address this issue by analyzing the phases of interaction between three teachers in a professional education setting solving a real-world problem over the course of seven weeks. Other data such as documents and artifacts created by the participants were also analyzed in relation to the interaction, allowing for triangulation of data as well as richer description of the advances of the interaction. What emerged were six phases that conceptually depict the interactional interplay between the actors in the process of social construction of knowledge in this PBL setting. These phases provide a lens in which to view and understand the phases of interactional interplay between PBL actors. This can eventually contribute to a more detailed guidance on how certain types of discourse moves can advance these phases of interaction.
One size doesn’t fit all: PBL tutor training and development
Authors: Nicolaou Stella A. , Heraclides Alexandros , Constantinou Costas S. , Loizou Stella , Gillott David J.
Published: February 2022

PBL tutors in medical schools worldwide are a diverse population of faculty (subject-expertise, employment status and tutoring experience). Tutors often receive a common initial training program followed by structured support. This study aims to understand tutor motivation, challenges and support needed, the relationship between them and whether a common training and support program is understood as effective. Tutor data (n =50) were analyzed based on age, gender, background, experience, employment status and campus location. Interestingly, the study revealed some evidence that a challenge for tutors is what disrupts their motivation and thus a relevant support mechanism is needed in order to re-establish or maintain this motivation. Specifically, the motivator “interaction with students” correlated with challenges “management of group dynamics”, “student adherence with PBL rules” and “professional behavior of students” whilst motivator “educational value of PBL” correlated with “student adherence with PBL rules”, “professional behavior of students” and “student information and expectations of PBL”. Further, tutors benefited from peer-reviews and opportunities to provide feedback whilst, their needs diverged in terms of content and assessment-related support, motivation and management of group dynamics. Thus, implementation of a framework for restructuring the tutor support system is necessary paving the way for an individualized support system.
Student views of a PBL chemistry laboratory in a general education science course
Authors: Ramlo Susan E , Salmon Carrie , Xue Yuan
Published: February 2022

Several traditional chemistry lab experiences were replaced with a problem-based learning (PBL) experience in a college, general education, conceptual chemistry course.  Students worked in small groups on an authentic chemistry problem where each student played a different role (Scientist, Engineering, Marketing Manager, Safety Officer, or Secretary).  Mid-semester, the pandemic forced the course online.  Q methodology [Q] was used to determine the divergent viewpoints that existed amongst the students regarding their PBL experience. Each student provided their view by sorting related statements into a grid.  Three divergent viewpoints emerged from the analyses  Two viewpoints are positive about the PBL experience (Motivated learners and Committed to my group) and one is negative (Negative experience due to group dynamics).  Descriptions of these views and implications are discussed.
The Relationship Between Problem-Solving Skills and Planning Ability by Using Tower of London Test
Authors: Elbistan Birgul Damla Baber , Stubbe Tobias C.
Published: February 2022

Mathematical problem-solving skills depend on many variables and cognitive skills are one of the most important of them. The purpose of this study is to determine the routine and non-routine problem-solving skills in terms of cognitive aspects. This aims to reveal the relationship between the planning ability and mathematical problem-solving skills of secondary school children, ages 10 to 13. An empirical quantitative research was done for this purpose. For the measurement of problem-solving skills, a curriculum-based mathematics achievement test was used and for assessing the planning ability, a computerized version of the Tower of London test was used. It was applied to a total of 416 students from the fifth, sixth, and seventh grade. As a result of the statistical analysis, a positive significant relationship was found between planning ability and problem-solving skills but there were not any significant differences in terms of gender.
Characterization of the fcc/bcc orientation relationship by EBSD using pole figures and
variants
Authors: Nolze Gert
Published: February 2022

The orientation relationship (OR) between fcc and bcc lattices are described by crystallographic fundamentals using the example of Kurdjumov–Sachs (K–S) and Nishiyama–Wassermann (N–W). Complete pole figures containing all variants will be used to distinguish even between slightly different ORs. EBSD on iron meteorites and duplex steel has been used to analyse a large number of crystal orientations with regard to a high statistical significance and a high probability to capture all variants in a single measurement. It is shown that the use of fixed OR models like K–S, N–W, Bain, Pitsch, or Greninger–Troiano does not satisfacturally reflect the observed experimental pole distributions. It is not convenient to use high-indexed lattice planes and directions to describe the small deviations from the given models. The Euler subspace representation offers a readily comprehensible tool to get an idea about the characteristic of the experimentally detected OR.
The mechanism of columnar-to-equiaxed transition during electromagnetic centrifugal solidification
Authors: Guo Minghu , Yang Yuanshen , Hua Fuan , Hu Zhuangqi
Published: February 2022

A series of Hastelloy C tubes were solidified under a centrifugal field with various conditions of bulk liquid flow obtained with a controllable electromagnetic field. Their macrostructures show that the columnar-to-equiaxed transition was promoted both by increasing electromagnetic stirring and by increasing the superheat, and the application of electromagnetic stirring at different times can also influence the percentage of the total area occupied by the equiaxed region. Mechanical damage of dendrites is the most probable mechanism for the promotion of the columnar-to-equiaxed transition with high velocity flows. The detachment of the nuclei originated in the chill zone can also promote the columnar-to-equiaxed transition.
Variational Approach to Fluid-Structure Interaction via GENERIC
Authors: Peschka Dirk , Zafferi Andrea , Heltai Luca , Thomas Marita
Published: February 2022

We present a framework to systematically derive variational formulations for fluid-structure interaction problems based on thermodynamical driving functionals and geometric structures in different coordinate systems by suitable transformations within this formulation. Our approach provides a promising basis to construct structure-preserving discretization strategies.
Effect of geometry error on the non-Newtonian flow in the ceramic microchannel molded by SLA
Authors: Zhang Jie , Gu Hai , Sun Jianhua , Li Bin , Jiang Jie , Wu Weiwei
Published: February 2022

The ceramic microchannel manufactured by stereolithography (SLA) can be used in many engineering cases. SLA is an accurate 3D printing technology, while the small geometry error is inevitable. The involved flow is always non-Newtonian fluids. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze Bingham fluids flow in the ceramic microchannel with geometry errors. To conduct the numerical simulations, a modified lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is presented. Then, the good consistency between the theoretical and numerical solutions demonstrates the effectiveness of the improved method. The required cases are analyzed by using the proposed method. Both the streamlines and outlet velocity distribution show that the geometry error increases the outlet velocity. The Bingham parameters are important factors in the flow of the microchannel.
Z-Production – Ein revolutionäres Produktionsparadigma
Authors: Schneider Markus
Published: February 2022

Z-Production stellt ein neu gedachtes, interdisziplinäres Produktionsparadigma dar. Die nicht-wertschöpfenden Prozesse sollen komplett automatisiert und in „Layer“ oberhalb und unterhalb der Wertschöpfungsebene, also in der Z-Achse, verschoben werden. Ziel ist die Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeit unserer Produktionsstätten durch eine Reduzierung des Flächenverbrauchs um 50 Prozent bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Produktivität.
Wie die Gleichstromfabrik real wird
Authors: Kuhlmann Timm , Schaab Darian Andreas , Sauer Alexander
Published: February 2022

Auf dem Weg zu einer CO2-neutralen Produktion kommt der Energieeffizienzsteigerung eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Dafür müssen auch Technologien, die bereits seit mehr als 100 Jahren eingeführt und bewährt sind, in Frage gestellt werden. Der Einsatz eines Gleichstromnetzes (DC) und damit die Abkehr vom Wechselstrom (AC) in der Fabrik ist ein Umbruch, der Energieeffizienzsteigerung und eine einfache Optimierung der Energienutzung ermöglicht. Das hier vorgestellte Vorgehensmodell beginnt bei der Analyse und Bewertung der DC-Technologie im Kontext des individuellen Anwendungsfalls und endet mit der Realisierung eines DC-Netzes in der Produktion.
Agiles Prozessmanagement mittels Ambidextrie
Authors: Scholz Julia-Anne , Lange Annika , Knothe Thomas , Busse Dirk
Published: February 2022

Aufgrund der vielfältigen und überlappenden Einflüsse aus dem Unternehmensumfeld (z. B. Pandemie, Chip-Krise, Naturkatastrophen) müssen Entscheidungen sowohl auf Basis von unternehmensinternen Daten (z. B. Liquidität) als auch Umfeldinformationen (z. B. Technologie-trends) getroffen werden. Anschließend sind Maßnahmen abzuleiten und – neben den regulären Unternehmensprozessen – umzusetzen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz für die Informationsvernetzung und -bereitstellung für agiles Prozessmanagement vorgestellt.
Überwindung struktureller Unsicherheit mit der Simulation Digitaler Zwillinge
Authors: Morvan Michel
Published: February 2022

Die Ungewissheit in der heutigen Fertigungsindustrie ist strukturell bedingt. Je größer die Ungewissheit ist, desto wahrscheinlicher ist es, dass die Entscheidungsträger den Überblick und das Verständnis für die Auswirkungen von Störungen und Entscheidungen auf ihr Unternehmen verlieren. Ganzheitliche digitale Simulationszwillinge können Herstellern dabei helfen, sich abzeichnende Verhaltensweisen zu erkennen, alternative Strategien zu testen, Ergebnisse auch unter Bedingungen vorherzusagen, die noch nie aufgetreten sind, und die Planungsresilienz zu optimieren.
Development and Evaluation of Preconditioning Protocols for Sand Specimens in Constant-Volume Cyclic Direct Simple Shear Tests
Authors: Humire Francisco , Lee Minyong , Ziotopoulou Katerina , Gomez Michael G. , DeJong Jason T.
Published: February 2022

Textured platens are often used to improve the transfer of shear stresses from the platens to the soil specimen during direct simple shear (DSS) tests. However, constant-volume DSS tests when textured platens are used can be affected by inadequate engagement of the soil at the platen-soil interface, leading to large reductions in the vertical stress at the start of shearing. The application of a preconditioning sequence involving small-strain drained cycles prior to constant-volume shearing can improve engagement at the platen-soil interface, but when excessively implemented, it can also have adverse effects on the measured soil behavior (e.g., strength, stiffness). A series of constant-volume cyclic DSS tests preceded by different preconditioning sequences was performed to evaluate the effect of preconditioning on the engagement of sand specimens at the platen-soil interface and the stress-strain response of these specimens. Results showed that textured platens that are properly engaged with sand specimens can reduce slippage at the platen-soil interface. This engagement can be achieved by applying a limited number of small-strain drained cycles at a low vertical stress while still obtaining representative soil behavior during the subsequent equivalent undrained constant-volume cyclic loading. Although the preconditioning protocol presented herein is specific to the testing equipment and materials considered, similar procedures may be adopted to develop preconditioning protocols for other soils, platens, and testing devices.
Conditions of Oral Health in Gastroplasty Obese Patients: Brief Comments
Authors: Correa Biliato Gabriela , Santos Monteiro Noemi dos , Souza Nazareth Cinthia de , Zotarelli Filho Idiberto Jose , Marques Diego Cesar , Moreira Tempest Leandro , Fernandes Patricia Garani
Published: February 2022

Background: One intervention that has been effective in treating obesity is bariatric surgery in a procedure in which it controls obesity through restriction and / or malabsorption of ingested foods. Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the oral condition in obese patients and after bariatric surgery. Methods: A bibliographic survey was performed with 12 articles, searched through the PubMed virtual library. The search criteria were: 1) -present direct or indirect relationship of bariatric surgery with the words cited above. 2) - Regarding the period of publication: between 2011 and 2017. 3) - As to the language: Portuguese and English. Conclusion: According to the main literary findings, there was a strong correlation between obesity and / or bariatric surgery with decreased oral health. Keywords: Oral Health; Obesity; Bariatric surgery
Treatment of Gingival Recession by a Novel Pinhole Technique- A Report of Two Cases
Authors: P Anuroopa , Ambadi Sahla , Naidu Punit , S Savita
Published: February 2022

Background: The concept of minimal invasive technique has gained importance in the recent years and is replacing the open surgical procedures in the field of periodontology too. The treatment of gingival recession has always been technique sensitive with it's associated morbidity and discomfort because of the invasive nature. This article presents a report of two cases treated with a minimally invasive Pinhole Surgical Technique, which is a modern marvel, gradually taking over the open surgical procedures, resulting in a near overall root coverage, especially in multiple recession defects. Keywords: Pinhole technique; PRF; Recession; Root coverage;
The Roles of Absolute Pitch and Timbre in Plink Perception
Authors: Faubion-Trejo Rebecca N. , Mantell James T.
Published: February 2022

Listeners can recognize musical excerpts less than one second in duration (plinks). We investigated the roles of timbre and implicit absolute pitch for plink identification, and the time course associated with processing these cues, by measuring listeners’ recognition, response time, and recall of original, mistuned, reversed, and temporally shuffled plinks that were extracted from popular song recordings. We hypothesized that performance would be best for the original plinks because their acoustic contents were encoded in long-term memory, but that listeners would also be able to identify the manipulated plinks by extracting dynamic and average spectral content. In accordance with our hypotheses, participants responded most rapidly and accurately for the original plinks, although notably, were capable of recognition and recall across all conditions. Our observation of plink recall in the shuffled condition suggests that temporal orderliness is not necessary for plink perception and instead provides evidence for the role of average spectral content. We interpret our results to suggest that listeners process acoustic absolute pitch and timbre information to identify plinks and we explore the implications for local and global acoustic feature processing.
The Idiosyncrasy of Involuntary Musical Imagery Repetition (IMIR) Experiences
Authors: Liptak Taylor A. , Omigie Diana , Floridou Georgia A.
Published: February 2022

Involuntary musical imagery repetition (IMIR), colloquially known as “earworms,” is a form of musical imagery that arises involuntarily and repeatedly in the mind. A growing number of studies, based on retrospective reports, suggest that IMIR experiences are associated with certain musical features, such as fast tempo and the presence of lyrics, and with individual differences in music training and engagement. However, research to date has not directly assessed the effect of such musical features on IMIR and findings about individual differences in music training and engagement are mixed. Using a cross-sectional design (Study 1, n = 263), we examined IMIR content in terms of tempo (fast, slow) and presence of lyrics (instrumental, vocal), and IMIR characteristics (frequency, duration of episode and section) in relation to 1) the musical content (tempo and lyrics) individuals most commonly expose themselves to (music-listening habits), and 2) music training and engagement. We also used an experimental design (Study 2, n = 80) to test the effects of tempo (fast or slow) and the presence of lyrics (instrumental or vocal) on IMIR retrieval and duration. Results from Study 1 showed that the content of music that individuals are typically exposed to with regard to tempo and lyrics predicted and resembled their IMIR content, and that music engagement, but not music training, predicted IMIR frequency. Music training was, however, shown to predict the duration of IMIR episodes. In the experiment (Study 2), tempo did not predict IMIR retrieval, but the presence of lyrics influenced IMIR duration. Taken together, our findings suggest that IMIR is an idiosyncratic experience primed by the music-listening habits and music engagement of the individual.