bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Previdência Social:
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: June 2019

Este artigo trata da questão da previdência social enquanto uma forma de construção e de desconstrução da coesão social através dos conflitos entre diferentes concepções e estratégias do Estado e das forças sociais, de acordo com seus interesses na definição do modelo e das formas de contribuição e benefícios da Previdência Social. O estudo toma como eixo principal dessa disputa a expressão dodéficit previdenciário no período de 1979 a 2002, salientando que há diferentes propostas tanto entre os trabalhadores, por exemplo entre a CUT (Central Única dos Trabalhadores) e a Força Sindical, assim como entre setores do governo e entre o Legislativo, o Executivo e o Judiciário, devendo-se levar em conta também as pressões do mercado, dos empresários e do Fundo Monetário Internacional. O texto expõe que os conflitos são de grande intensidade, levando o governo a um constante movimento de propostas e recuos tanto para mudar o modelo, como aumentar contribuições e cortar benefícios.
Fome, pobreza e exclusão social:
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: June 2019

Neste texto colocamos em evidência e debate as diferentes estratégias de enfrentamento da pobreza, estruturalmente permanente na sociedade brasileira. Destacamos mudanças nas propostas do Banco Mundial que constatou o fracasso do neoliberalismo do mercado e indica a combinação de políticas universais com a focalização, priorizando, entretanto, as políticas fiscais e a eficiência dos gastos, o que é assumido pela equipe econômica do Governo Lula. Por outro lado, enfatizamos as políticas de fortalecimento do poder político e da cidadania. Isto implica a participação da população, a efetivação das politicas públicas e a atuação em redes territoriais e culturais de famílias e organizações, de forma a articular e construir um pacto entre Estado, sociedade e mercado para elaboração de um modelo de proteção social efetivo numa conjuntura de desemprego e precarização do trabalho, devendo-se pensar, ainda, para além do capitalismo.
MST:
Authors: Tanezini Theresa Cristina Zavaris
Published: June 2019

Este artigo pretende ressaltar a importância do MST como protagonista da luta pela reforma agrária no país desde a década de 1980, resgatando sua trajetória ao longo das fases conjunturais, cujos marcos foram os quatro congressos nacionais, enfatizando, por um lado, a atuação interna junto à sua base social, a complexificação de sua organização espacial e setorial (com ênfase nos setores de produção e de educação) para atender às demandas crescentes e, por outro lado, o esforço de articulação e atuação conjunta com outros movimentos camponeses, sindicais e populares no Brasil e no mundo pela transformação social, incorporando temáticas dos novos movimentos sociais, sem diluir seus valores, concepções e métodos de luta que fazem dele um “velho” movimento de caráter classista comprometido com o processo de democratização da sociedade brasileira articulada com a luta mundial antineoliberal e anticapitalista. Há uma dívida intelectual em contrapor a desqualificação pela mídia e em valorizá-lo nas reflexões teóricas contemporâneas sobre movimentos sociais.
Organizações sociais:
Authors: Almeida Karen Santana de
Published: June 2019

As propostas de reforma do Estado-que fizeram parte da agenda governamental nacional e internacional dos anos 90-alteraram a perspectiva de consolidação de um padrão de proteção social (proposto pela Constituição Federal de 1988) das políticas sociais, em especial as de saúde. A criação de Organizações Sociais (publicização) visava à alteração do modelo de prestação de serviços estatais sob o argumento de proporcionar-lhe mais eficiência por meio de uma maior autonomia gerencial e financeira. Entretanto, essas propostas geraram questionamentos em relação ao exercício do controle social e à observância do princípio da eqüidade no acesso aos serviços disponibilizados. À luz dessa discussão teórica – apreendida durante a fase de pesquisa bibliográfica – analisamos a experiência de gestão do Hospital Sarah, enfatizando o acesso aos serviços e a prioridade de atendimento aos usuários. A metodologia da pesquisa de campo baseou-se na análise qualitativa dos dados obtidos em entrevistas com roteiro semi-estruturado e de documentos oficiais.
A cidade dos cidadãos
Authors: Fleury Sonia
Published: June 2019

Tratar o território a partir de um modelo analítico centrado na condição de ciadania a na busca de coesão social possibilita o reconhecimento da cidade como o território politicamente constituído da cidadania. A busca da expansão da cidadania nos leva à institucionalidade e à dinâmica democrática na América Latina. Se o estabelecimento de regimes democráticos na região pôde conviver com processos de estagnação econômica e exlusão social, isto nos impõe que aprofundemos a análise sobre como essa exclusão se tem caracterizado na região e que apontemos os riscos com relação a governabilidade. Assumimos que a inclusão social exige compatiblizar um regime de democracia representativa com modalides de democracia deliberativa, que permitam construir uma esfera pública plural e inclusiva, capaz de gerar novos pactos de poder. O desafio atual é desenvolver a capacidade de mobilizar a sociedade local ao redor de um imaginário coletivo e interligar diversos atores em um projeto comum que origine processos de desenvoldimento democráticos e inclusivos. Requere-se uma gestão inovadora que assuma uma estrutura reticular em função da complexidade do tema e da multiplicidade de atores/nós envolvidos na busca da solução para o problema da exclusão social.
A questão da reforma da Previdência Social no Brasil
Authors: Faleiros Vicente de Paula
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, o autor objetiva apresentar os resultados parciais das reformas da previdência social no Brasil a partir de 1995, tendo em vista que o processo ainda não acabou. Objetiva-se também demarcar a reforma da previdência no contexto mais geral da reforma do Estado e no contexto das mudanças econômicas, no chamado processo de globalização e de seu impacto nos Estados nacionais e nas políticas sociais, iniciando-se com a situação das mudanças no capitalismo pós-fordista e as exigências de um novo pacto social.
MARTÍNEZ, De Pisón, José. Políticas de bienestar: un estudio sobre los derechos sociales. Madrid:Editorial Ttecnos, 1998.
Authors: Pereira Potyara Amazoneida P.
Published: June 2019

Este livro de José Martínez de Pisón, publicado em 1998, na Espanha, é pouco conhecido no Brasil, apesar de suscitar um debate relevante e atual sobre um tema ainda incipiente nos meios intelectuais e políticos nacionais.
MECHANISMS OF PRICING FOR DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS UNDER ICO ORGANIZATION
Authors: Кочетков Александр , Kochetkov Alexander
Published: June 2019

The article defines the nature of the influence of the characteristics of the blockchain technology on the processes occurring in the economic sphere. The algorithm of the primary placement of tokens is considered and the characteristics of the ICO procedure are given. The pricing mechanism of digital financial assets in the organization of ICO is presented
Methodological аspects of Identifcation of Banking Crises
Authors: Lukacheva O. V.
Published: June 2019

The main drawback of the existing methods of identification of banking crises is their dependence on subjective expert judgments, in connection with which, databases on crises have differences in the date and duration of crisis episodes. However, there is a more objective way to do it — the use of the money market pressure index (MPI), based on the indicators provided by the statistical authorities. In his work, the author explored the von Hagen & Ho (2007) index method and Laeven & Valencia (2012) method, which includes evaluative judgment. The aim of our work was, on the example of the banking sector ofRussiafor 1998–2016, the identification of the most accurate and sensitive methodology for assessment of banking crises. This study was carried out in stages. First, it was supplemented Laeven &Valenciathe database on the crises inRussiafrom 2011 to 2016. Second, it was built the money market pressure index (MPI) for the Russian banking sector for the period 1998–2016. At the final stage, the author compared the crisis episodes, identified using these two methods, which simultaneously identify the crises of 1998 and 2009. However, the crisis of 2014–2016 was identified only by the Laeven & Valencia criteria. This discrepancy can be explained by the shortcomings of the index methodology, which does not take into account hidden guarantees and direct support from the state. Moreover, the hypothesis that the banking crisis took place in 2014–2016 was confirmed by the Demirgüç-Kunt & Detragiache criteria (2005), as well as the financial stress index proposed by ACRA (ACRA FSI RU). Thus, it can be concluded that it is most acceptable to use the Laeven & Valencia methods when identifying banking crises.
Tightening Financial Regulation: The Impact on the Credit Cycle in the USA
Authors: Podrugina A. V.
Published: June 2019

The credit cycle is one of the most important elements of the business cycle. Credit expansion after the crisis is one of the key ways of economic recovery. The tightening of financial regulation in response to the crisis of 2007–2008 largely slowed down the credit expansion phase and was reflected in an abnormally prolonged phase of credit contraction for the non-financial private sector. The normal course of the credit cycle was disrupted by the increased demands of Basel III and the reform of theUSAfinancial system. The credit cycle after the crisis of 2007–2008 differs from previous crises: the recovery of credit activity was slower; the volume of credit to the non-financial private sector has not recovered even now. The article presents a comparative analysis of the behaviour of credit after crises from the point of view of the duration of recovery. In this article, the author presents the results of the research of the nature of the incident called “the credit paralysis” based on Minsky’s hypothesis of financial instability and Crotty’s theory of the endogenous formation of credit standards. It is assumed that bank credit standards are set in accordance with the level of macroeconomic variables — the level of GDP, interest rates, the volume of loans taken. Using the vector autoregressive model, the author analyzed the change in credit activity in response to changes in credit standards, as well as the process of forming credit standards depending on macroeconomic indicators. Therefore, the author concluded that the excessive increase in credit standards due to the introduction of Basel III requirements in response to the crisis that violated the normal course of the credit cycle. Based on the author’s econometric study, the author built a stylized model of theUSAcredit cycle, taking into account the influence of specific factors of the crisis of 2007–2008: pre-crisis financial innovation and post-crisis tightening of financial regulation.
Genetics of Socio-Cultural Systems
Authors: Drogobytskii I. N.
Published: June 2019

The euphoria of the effectiveness of the methodology of system modelling in the study of nature and synthesis of artificial systems has prompted the scientific community to its large-scale use in the sciences, the subject of which is the human community: economics, sociology, political science, history, philosophy, etc. However, many years of work in this field have not yet led to significant success. It turned out that the systems in which the key role belongs to man — socio-cultural, are fundamentally different from natural and artificial systems, and the methods of their research are not always applicable to their analysis. We need a specific methodology for modelling socio-cultural systems, and therefore the theoretical justification of its applicability. In this article, the author provides an original classification of systemic formations, which allows to clearly divide the whole set of systems into non-intersecting subsets (classes) and to define the limits of the efficacy of the existing arsenal of system modelling. In order to expand it and extend it to the class of socio-cultural systems, the author justified the original approach to the description of system dynamics and proposed an appropriate modelling language. The author proved the analogy in the development of socio-cultural and living systems and substantiated the proposition of the expediency of initiating a new scientific stream in the study of human community activity — genetics of socio-cultural systems.
Current Trends in the Dynamics of International Capital Flows
Authors: Golovnin M. Yu. , Nikitina S. A.
Published: June 2019

Global economic and financial crisis 2007–2009 had a devastating effect on international capital flows. An assessment of their dynamics over the past decade shows that in certain fields (for example, the volume of international debt securities circulating) the pre-crisis indicators were exceeded, in a number of areas they are close to the pre-crisis level (foreign direct investments, total capitalization of the world stock market), international bank lending remains significantly behind the pre-crisis values. In the leading world economies cross-border capital flows relative to GDP significantly decreased compared to 2007. Global imbalances between savings and investments continued to grow, though their structure by countries changed, and now developed countries play a key role in them. In the structure of international capital flows the main shift occurred from the other to portfolio investment, with a slight increase in the role of direct investment. The “quantitative easing” policy in the USA and euro zone has had a significant impact on international capital flows. With generally positive trends in international capital movements in 2017–2018, new threats to their developments are beginning to emerge, primarily in countries with emerging markets.
Position Control of a Flexible Joint via Explicit Model Predictive Control: An Experimental Implementation
Authors: Ettefagh Massoud Hemmasian , Naraghi Mahyar , Towhidkhah Farzad
Published: June 2019

This paper experimentally controls a flexible joint via explicit model predictive control (Explicit MPC) method. The scheme divides the state space into different partitions, then solves the associated multi parametric optimization in off-line computations. The result stores in a look-up table to be used in on-line algorithm. First, the state space equations of the flexible joint are derived and linearized around the working point. Then, in order to meet the plant’s specifications, desired performance and the limitation of processor/memory, the constraints, weights, sampling time and prediction horizon are determined for the system. Finally, the algorithm is applied on the experimental plant. Numerous simulations, the result of the experiment and comparison with other methods confirmed that the method was able to control the vibrations of the constrained flexible joint.
THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, BASIC STATISTICAL INDICATOR OF LABOUR MARKET EVOLUTION. COMPARATIVE STUDY BASED ON DATA FROM BACAU COUNTY AND THE CENTRAL REGION OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Ciomartan Lacramioara
Published: June 2019

The comparative approach to the evolution of the number of employees at the end of the year is aimed at illustrating the situation of the existing labour market in Bacau County of Romania and the Central Region of the Republic of Moldova over a period of 6 years (2011-2016). The dynamic analysis, with the latest available data of the above mentioned indicator, refers not only to the situation of each territorial unit (Bacau County or the Central Region), but also to a comparative analysis of the situation recorded in each of the two countries, Romania and the Republic of Moldova. In order to identify the existing gaps, data on the number of employees are analysed by gender and forms of ownership. In order to quantify the situation in the two territorial units for statistics regarding the labour market, a rather small number of indicators were taken into account due to lack of their dissemination on the desired administrative-territorial units.
EVOLUTION OF THE EU ORGANIC FOOD MARKET AFTER 2010
Authors: Timiras Laura Catalina
Published: June 2019

This paper presents the evolution of the organic food market at EU level, as well as its place in the world. Market size was highlighted based on the retail sales of organic food indicator, and the consumer penetration rate of this product category was assessed by retail sales of organic food per capita. Europe is the second largest market in the world for organic food, out of the total, 91% being related to EU member states (in 2015). In the last few years, the analyzed market has seen increases in EU countries, with differences between them, both in terms of dynamics and consumption intensity (old EU members far outstripping the new ones on this indicator). Despite the positive evolution, the analyzed market remains a market with a huge potential for development, still untapped, the penetration of organic food consumption still being at a low level.
ABOUT THE ADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS AND ITS ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS
Authors: Popa Florina
Published: June 2019

The advantages and disadvantages provided by joining in public-private partnership reveal the challenges the economies are constrained to, pursuant to the impact of PPP on certain economic processes. There are identified forms of public-private partnership, which, in their development, are based on a number of factors: the actors involved, the origin of the financial resources, the duration of the contract, the existing traditions, types of agreement in relation to the way of sharing responsibilities and risks between public and private actors. The paper reveals studies achieved on the elements of public-private partnership, advantages, disadvantages they highlight, the forms of partnership grouped in relation to different factors, the stages pursued in the initiation of public-private partnership projects.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND ITS RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES “A CASE STUDY OF ASIACELL”
Authors: Ahmed Amanj Mohamed , Muhammed Akram Ahmed
Published: June 2019

The overall objective of this study was to establish the effects of internal controls on the financial performance of Asiacell as a telecommunication company in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. This was achieved by looking at the effect of control environment, risk assessment, information and communication, control activities and monitoring on the return on asset of the selected company. The study used both primary and secondary techniques to collect the data. In the model, the dependent variable is financial performance while the independent variables are the components of internal controls. After analyzing the audited financial statements and filling the questioners by the employees of the selected company, the findings of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between internal controls and financial performance. The dependent and the independent variables in the study indicated a relationship with control environment, risk assessment. Information and communication and control activities illustrated a positive relationship with the financial performance while monitoring showed a negative relationship with financial performance. The study also found that, Asiacell had invested on effective internal control systems, thus, it had a better financial performance as compared to the related firms that had a weak internal control system. The study further recommends that the governing body, possibly supported by the audit committee, should ensure that the internal control system is periodically monitored and evaluated by the respective managers.
Las narrativas visuales y audiovisuales de ficción y la educación artística identitaria
Authors: Ramon Ricard
Published: June 2019

El artículo plantea un análisis sobre la manera en que las narrativas visuales y audiovisuales de ficción ofrecen una serie de oportunidades educativas para poder trabajar diferentes problemáticas de la identidad. Explora las posibilidades que la ficción artística tiene para generar múltiples construcciones posibles de identidades, como la diversidad sexual y de género entre muchas otras, favoreciendo la comprensión empática de los otros y permitiendo una mejor relación entre seres humanos. Entendemos las narrativas de ficción como una expresión artística constructora de verdades simbólicas necesarias para la comprensión profunda del mundo y de las personas. Son por tanto un medio de aprendizaje artístico. Se desarrolla un análisis teórico sobre el concepto de ficción y se reivindica como instrumento educativo y se analizan ejemplos de artistas y de experiencias de exploración identitaria y de autoconocimiento a través de este tipo de prácticas. Como conclusión, el artículo establece que las narrativas de ficción contribuyen de forma creativa y eficaz a la comprensión de formas de vida e identidades diferentes, permiten experimentar sobre la propia identidad y, por tanto, son un instrumento de aprendizaje sobre uno mismo y los demás.
Factores que influyen en la percepción del bienestar y flourishing de los docentes de lenguas en formación
Authors: Medina Sanchez Leopoldo , Guijarro Ojeda Juan Ramón , Cardoso Pulido Manuel Jesús
Published: June 2019

Tras investigar sobre la literatura referente al bienestar y comprender los orígenes del crecimiento humano y las emociones de los docentes de lenguas en formación, hemos elaborado un estudio comparativo-causal con estudiantes del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Granada. Los objetivos de nuestra investigación pretenden identificar las creencias que tiene este estudiantado acerca de su formación inicial en lenguas extranjeras en base a los siguientes factores (variables dependientes): inteligencia emocional; angustia docente; malestar docente; éxito en la vida escolar y; apoyos percibidos por familiares, amigos y la sociedad. Asimismo, nuestro propósito se centra en comprender si las variables atributivas (variables independientes) –tales como género, lugar de nacimiento, profesión de los padres, etc.– son estadísticamente significativas cuando se cruzan con las variables dependientes. Como resultado principal obtenemos que los estudiantes que deciden inscribirse en el grado con una motivación vocacional se sienten apoyados en sus entornos sociales. Sin embargo, aquellas y aquellos estudiantes con una motivación funcional no perciben apoyos por lo que es más probable que abandonen la profesión de forma temprana. Igualmente, las respuestas otorgadas por nuestra cohorte arrojan luz sobre las modificaciones que necesitan aplicar los sistemas de educación superior con el fin de mejorar la calidad de la praxis docente durante el periodo de prácticas externas, el cual va a moldear su rol como futuras y futuros docentes de lenguas.
Hábitos de consumo de las nuevas tecnologías en adolescentes ¿Uso o abuso?
Authors: Pérez Ávila Tamara , Godoy Fernández Carmen , Piñero Ruiz Eugenia
Published: June 2019

El proceso de comunicación se produce en gran medida mediante las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICS), especialmente en la población adolescente. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar y valorar el uso problemático de las TICS. La muestra estuvo integrada por 57 adolescentes (37 mujeres y 20 varones) entre 14 y 18 años, estudiantes de cuarto curso de la ESO y primer curso de Bachillerato de Pulpí (Almería). Se aplicó un cuestionario que medía variables sociodemográficas, nivel educativo y hábitos de uso de las TICS e Internet, y la adaptación española del “Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale”. Se solicitó autorización al centro, a los tutores legales y a los participantes. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS, versión 25.0. Los resultados evidencian que el 26.3% de la muestra obtuvo una puntuación alta-severa en el uso problemático del teléfono móvil, confirmando relaciones de dependencia hacia estos dispositivos e identificando las principales áreas de dichas repercusiones.
Indicadores de envejecimiento en personas con discapacidad. La percepción de las familias
Authors: Guerrero Romera Catalina
Published: June 2019

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la percepción que los familiares de personas mayores con discapacidad intelectual tienen en relación al proceso de envejecimiento y, particularmente, de los indicios más significativos o relevantes que empiezan a detectar en sus familiares en áreas como la cognitiva, emocional, social o laboral y acerca de sus preocupaciones sobre el futuro. Se ha utilizado el método cuantitativo, concretamente tipo encuesta a través del diseño de un instrumento de elaboración propia y sometido a un proceso de validación por expertos. En cuanto a los resultados obtenidos, las áreas que más preocupan son las referidas a aspectos emocionales y sociales, donde los indicios o síntomas percibidos por los familiares en sus hijos e hijas han obtenido puntuaciones mayores, especialmente los relacionados con el aumento de las preocupaciones como pérdida de familiares y amigos, temor a la aparición de enfermedades, a la propia muerte, seguidos de los cambios en la convivencia de cara al futuro. Igualmente, los referidos al bienestar económico o material y a poder tener un centro que potencie su autonomía al máximo, son para las familias aspectos prioritarios.
Toimintakyvyn arviointimenetelmien käytön ja arkityön tasapainottelua kotiin vietävissä palveluissa
Authors: Räsänen Jenni-Mari
Published: June 2019

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan toimintakyvyn arviointimenetelmien käytön ja arkityön välistä tasapainottelua kotiin vietävissä, liikkuvissa palveluissa. Tutkimuksen aineistona on yhdeksän työntekijähaastattelua. Analyysi pohjautuu etnometodologiaan. Siinä tarkastellaan, miten haastateltavat jäsentävät ja järkeilevät arviointimenetelmien käyttöä sekä toisaalta puolustavat ja oikeuttavat tavallisesta poikkeavaa käyttöä osana arkityötään. Analyysi osoittaa, että asiakkaiden yksilölliset tilanteet ja erityispiirteet, arviointimenetelmien käytettävyys ja sisällöt sekä asiakastyön rytmi asettavat työntekijöille tarpeen arviointimenetelmien käytön tasapainotteluun arkityössään. Arviointimenetelmien käyttö asiakastilanteissa ja erityisesti asiakkaiden kodeissa vaatii työntekijöiltä sensitiivisyyttä ja tilannekohtaista harkintaa siinä, milloin niitä on sopivaa käyttää ja milloin käyttöä tulee perustella ja selittää asiakkaalle tarkemmin.
Sosiaalipolitiikan järjestäminen muuttuvassa hyvinvointivaltiossa: tarkastelussa tulosperusteinen rahoitussopimus
Authors: Pennanen Pekka , Liukko Jyri
Published: June 2019

Artikkelissa tutkimme vaikuttavuusinvestoimista ja sen sovellusta, tulosperusteista rahoitussopimusta, uudenlaisina sosiaalipolitiikan toteutusmekanismeina. Vaikuttavuusinvestoimisessa hyvinvointia tavoitellaan yksityisen ja julkisen rahoitusjärjestelyn yhteistyöllä. Kysymme, miten vaikuttavuusinvestoimista ja tulosperusteista rahoitussopimusta perustellaan ja minkälaisia ongelmia siinä nähdään. Aineisto koostuu vaikuttavuusinvestoimisen parissa työskentelevien asiantuntijoiden haastatteluista. Kansainvälisen keskustelun on esitetty nojaavan kolmeen narratiiviin. Suomalaisessa keskustelussa ilmenee osittain samoja teemoja kuin kansainvälisessä kirjallisuudessa. Suomessa mallia perustellaan etenkin heikolla taloustilanteella. Muita perusteluita ovat mallin mahdollistamat paremmat palvelut ja eri sektoreiden yhteistyö. Mallissa nähdään myös riskejä. Prosessina vaikuttavuusinvestoiminen on jatkoa markkinoitumiselle ja yksityisen palvelutuotannon kasvulle. Ehdotamme artikkelissa myös uutta käännöstä tulosperusteiselle rahoitussopimukselle.
Mid-term follow-up after surgical treatment of fifth metatarsal base fractures in professional soccer players
Authors: Lemos Luis Paulo Vilela , Baumfeld Tiago Soares , Macedo Benjamim Dutra , Nery Caio Augusto De Souza , Batista Jorge P. , Baumfeld Daniel Soares
Published: June 2019

Objective: Fifth metatarsal fractures occur mainly in young athletes, with an estimated incidence of 1.8 per 1,000 people a year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of professional soccer players subjected to surgical treatment of fifth metatarsal base fractures. Methods: A total of 34 soccer players who underwent surgery from July 2001 to June 2016 were evaluated. All participants were evaluated by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score before and after surgery, with a mean follow-up of 23 months. The need for grafting relative to time to surgery, time to fracture consolidation and Torg classification and graft use relative to return to sport were valuated. Results: There were 10 forwards, 7 offensive midfielders, 6 fullbacks, 5 center midfielders, 3 defenders, 2 goalkeepers and 1 defensive midfielder, with a mean age of 19 years. The mean pre- and postoperative AOFAS was 42 and 99 points whereas the mean VAS score was 6 and 0, respectively. The longer the time to surgery, the greater was the need for grafting (p=0.011). The time to return to sport was not influenced by the time to surgery, time to consolidation, Torg classification or graft use. Conclusion: The surgical treatment of fifth metatarsal base fractures in professional soccer players showed good clinical results. The return to activities after surgery is not influenced by the time to surgery, time to consolidation, Torg classification or grafting. Level of Evidence IV; Therapeutic Studies; Case Series.
AVOADO, NO MEIO DO PITIU: fazeres, saberes e sabores do/no rio Araí
Authors: Picanço Miguel de Nazaré Brito
Published: June 2019

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Perception of the parents of children with intestinal stoma regarding the nursing orientations
Authors: Maia Elisa Maria Bezerra , Assis Gisela Maria
Published: June 2019

Objective: The present study aimed to identify the perception of the parents of children with intestinal elimination stoma about the guidelines received by the health team during hospitalization for their preparation. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative study. Data collector occurred in the pediatric surgery ward of a university hospital through a semi-structured interview, recorded and composed of open and closed questions. Results: Nine parents of children with intestinal elimination stoma were followed up by the pediatric surgery team. Subsequently, it was submitted to the simple and categorical statistical analysis of Bardin. Regarding the main complications, the presence of dermatitis was indicated by 100% of the sample and the fungal infections followed by prolapse by 44.4%. The study showed that the lack of knowledge results in complications and insecurity. The support network is one of the resources used to search for information. A manual with guidelines was pointed out as a strategy for home care. Conclusion: Despite the failures in the guiding and supporting parents of children with a stoma, the feedbacks to help with changes and suggestions for valid strategies were important.
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Baik dalam Pembuatan Makanan Fermentasi yang Bermanfaat untuk Kesehatan
Authors: Arini Liss Dyah Dewi
Published: June 2019

Fermentasi adalah kegiatan mikroba pada bahan pangan sehingga dihasilkan produk makanan atau minuman sesuai kehendak. Mikroba yang umumnya berperan dalam proses fermentasi yaitu bakteri, khamir dan kapang. Proses fermentasi yaitu perubaha n kimia dalam bahan pangan yang disebabkan oleh enzim-enzim yang dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme atau telah ada dalam bahan pangan itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari proses fermentasi dalam produk makanan yoghurt dan kimchi. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji organoleptik, yaitu mengamati makanan fermentasi yaitu yoghurt dan kimchi dari segi warna, tekstur bau, rasa dan ada tidaknya mikroorganisme. Data-data tersebut selanjutnya dimasukkan ke dalam tabel dan selanjutnya data yang didapatkan selanjutnya dibandingkan antara produk makanan fermentasi yoghurt dan kimchi. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa proses fermentasi pada yoghurt dengan mempertahankan dua jenis bakteri asam laktat yaitu Streptococcus thermophilus yang berperan dalam pembentukan cita rasa yoghurt dan Lactobacillus bulgaricus yang berperan dalam pembentukan aroma. Proses fermentasi pada kimchi dengan Lactobacillus kimchi menghasilkan asam laktat dengan kadar yang lebih tinggi dari yoghurt serta yoghurt dan kimchi merupakan makanan fermentasi yang menyehatkan tubuh.
Analisis Sakarin dalam Jamu Kunyit Asam yang Dijual di Malioboro dan di Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Rahayu Muji , Rinding Andra Lois T.
Published: June 2019

Jamu merupakan salah satu obat tradisional karena sebagian besar jamu dibuat dengan menggunakan bahanbahan alam atau tumbuhan-tumbuhan. Ada berbagai macam jenis jamu, salah satunya adalah jamu kunyit asam. Dalam komposisi jamu kunyit asam yang beredar mengandung zat tambahan seperti pemanis buatan, seperti diketahui harga jamu kunyit asam di pasaran sangat murah dan terjangkau oleh kalangan masyarakat penikmat jamu. Hal ini menimbulkan kecurigaan, bahwa ada kemungkinan penambahan pemanis buatan pada jamu kunyit asam. Larangan obat tradisional mengandung bahan kimia sudah diatur dalam PERMENKES 007 tahun 2012 tentang registrasi obat tradisional, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap jamu kunyit asam yang dijual di Malioboro dan di pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya sakarin dalam jamu kunyit asam yang dijual di Malioboro dan di pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Apabila terdapat bercak noda dan nilai Rf sampel sama dengan nilai Rf baku pembanding maka dikatakan positif mengandung sakarin. Penelitian ini diperoleh nilai Rf sampel 0,5 sampai 0,71 dan terdapat 9 sampel yang memiliki nilai Rf dan fluoresensi yang sama dengan standar sakarin. Nilai Rf standar sakarin 0,63 dan fluoresensi berwarna ungu. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan terdapat 75% jamu kunyit asam yang dijual di Malioboro dan di pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta mengandung sakarin.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanolik Bekatul Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L. Cv Woja Laka) terhadap Berat Badan Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) Diabetik
Authors: Nugroho Rahmat Budi , Binugraheni Rinda , Rukmana Rizal Maarif
Published: June 2019

Diabetes melitus merupakan suatu penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau keduanya. Beberapa gejala dari penyakit diabet adalah: banyak minum, banyak kencing dan berat badan menurun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak etanolik bekatul beras hitam (Oryza sativa L. cv Woja Laka) yang paling baik dalam meningkatkan berat badan tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) yang menderita diabetik. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan informasi terkait tanaman fungsional yang dapat meningkatkan berat badan pada penderita diabetik. Metode ekstraksi bekatul beras hitam dengan maserasi. Rancangan penelitian dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, 3 kelompok uji ekstrak bekatul beras hitam masing-masing dengan dosis 75 mg/200 g BB, 150 mg/200 g BB dan 225 mg/200 g BB. Semua  kelompok perlakuan diinduksi aloksan kecuali kelompok kontrol normal. Ekstrak bekatul diberikan selama 21 hari terakhirmasa penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanolik bekatul beras hitam mampu meningkatkan berat badan tikus putih yang menderita diabet. Kosentrasi yang paling baik untuk meningkatkan berat badan tikus putih jantanyang menderita diabet adalah 225 mg/ 200 g BB.
Dutch Healthy Green Cities
Authors: Sanders Fred
Published: June 2019

The data consist of comparing literature search with www.maex.nl database analysis.
Modelling Gene-Protein-Reaction Associations on an FPGA
Authors: Coggins Macauley
Published: June 2019

Genome-Scale metabolic models have proven to be incredibly useful.Allowing researchers to model cellular functionality based upon gene expression. However as the number of genes and reactions increases it can become computationally demanding. The first step in genome-scale metabolic modelling is to model the relationship between genes and reactions in the form of Gene-Protein-Reaction Associations (GPRA). In this research we have developed a way to model GPRAs on an Altera Cyclone II FPGA using Quartus II programmable logic device design software and the VHDL hardware description language. The model consisting of 7 genes and 7 reactions was implemented using 7 combinational functions and 14 I/O pins. This model will be the first step towards creating a full genome scale metabolic model on FPGA devices which we will be fully investigating in future studies.
The Mind In Its Own Place: The Difficulties and Benefits of Thinking for Pleasure
Authors: Wilson Timothy D. , Westgate Erin Corwin , Buttrick Nick , Gilbert Daniel
Published: June 2019

This chapter is concerned with a type of thinking that has received little attention, namely intentional “thinking for pleasure”—the case in which people deliberately focus solely on their thoughts with the goal of generating positive affect. We present a model that describes why it is difficult to enjoy one's thoughts, how it can be done successfully, and when there is value in doing so. We review 36 studies we have conducted on this topic with just over 10,000 participants. We found that thinking for pleasure does not come easily to most people, but can be enjoyable and beneficial under the right conditions. Specifically, we found evidence that thinking for pleasure requires both motivation and the ability to concentrate. For example, several studies show that people enjoy thinking more when it is made easier with the use of “thinking aids.” We present evidence for a trade-off model that holds that people are most likely to enjoy their thoughts if they find those thoughts to be personally meaningful, but that such thinking involves concentration, which lowers enjoyment. Lastly, we review evidence for the benefits of thinking for pleasure, including an intervention study in which participants found thinking for pleasure enjoyable and meaningful in their everyday lives.
Preferences for redistribution are sensitive to perceived luck, social homogeneity, war and scarcity
Authors: Nettle Daniel , Saxe Rebecca
Published: June 2019

Many human societies feature institutions for redistributing resources from some individuals to others, but preferred levels of redistribution vary greatly within and between populations. We postulate that support for redistribution is the output of a structured cognitive system that is sensitive to features of the social situation. We developed an experimental approach in which participants prescribe appropriate redistribution for hypothetical villages whose features vary. Over seven experiments involving 2400 adults from the UK, we show that participants shift their redistribution preferences systematically as situational features change. Higher levels of redistribution are favoured when luck is more important in the initial distribution of resources; when social groups are more homogeneous; when the group is at war; and when resources are abundant rather than scarce. Judgements about the right level of redistribution carry moderate or high levels of moral conviction. Participants have systematic intuitions about when the implementation of redistribution will prove problematic, distinct from their intuitions about when it is desirable. Individuals are only weakly consistent in the level of redistribution they prefer, and political orientation explains rather little variation in preferred redistribution for a given situation. We argue that people have divergent views on redistribution not so much because they have different psychologies of redistribution, but because they have different appraisals of the features of their societies. Understanding the operating principles of the psychology of redistribution may help explain variation and change in support for, and hence existence of, redistributive institutions across societies and over time.
Cultural Diversity Broadens Social Networks
Authors: Wood Adrienne , Kleinbaum Adam M. , Wheatley Thalia
Published: June 2019

Migration and mobility increase the cultural diversity of a society. Does this diversity have consequences for how people interact and form social ties, even when they join a new community? We hypothesized that people from regions with greater cultural diversity would forge more diversified social ties in a newly formed community, connecting otherwise unconnected groups. In other words, that they would become social brokers. We tested this prediction by characterizing the social networks of eight Master of Business Administration cohorts (N=2,257) at a business school in the U.S. International students (N=773) from populations with both greater present day ethnic diversity and a history of extensive cultural intermingling were more likely to become social brokers than international students from less diverse nations. Domestic students’ (N = 1,461) brokerage scores were also positively related to the ancestral diversity of the U.S. county they identified as “home.” The results of this study suggest that more culturally diverse social environments—defined here at multiple geographic and temporal scales—endow people with socially adaptable behaviors that help them connect broadly within new, heterogeneous communities.
Generalizing Functions in Sparse Domains
Authors: Leon-Villagra Pablo , Lucas Christopher G.
Published: June 2019

We propose that when humans learn sets of relationships they are able to learn the abstract structure or type of a family of relationships, and exploit that knowledge to improve their ability to learn and generalize in the future, especially in the face of sparse or ambiguous data. In two experiments we found that participants choose patterns and extrapolate in ways consistent with sets of previously learned relations, as measured by extrapolation judgments and forced-choice tasks. We take these results to suggest that humans can detect shared abstract relations and apply this learned regularity to perform rapid and flexible generalization.
Investigating the Test–Retest Reliability and Validity of Hand-Held Dynamometry for Measuring Knee Strength in Older Women with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Chopp-Hurley Jaclyn N. , Wiebenga Emily G. , Gatti Anthony A. , Maly Monica R.
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Hand-held dynamometry (HHD) can be used to evaluate strength when gold-standard isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) is not feasible. HHD is useful for measuring lower limb strength in a healthy population; however, its reliability and validity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) has received little attention. In this research, we examined the test–retest reliability and validity of HHD in older women with knee OA. We also examined the associations between reliability and symptom and disease severity. Method: A total of 28 older women with knee OA completed knee extension and flexion exertions measured using HHD and IKD. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC2,3), standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change were calculated. Correlation coefficients and regressions evaluated the relationships between inter-trial differences and symptom and disease severity. Results: High test–retest reliability was demonstrated for both exertions with each device (ICC2,3 = 0.83–0.96). Variance between trials was not correlated with OA symptoms. Criterion validity was good (ICC2,3 = 0.76), but extension yielded lower agreement than flexion. Regression analysis demonstrated that true strength can be predicted from HHD measurements. Conclusions: HHD is a reliable tool for capturing knee extension and flexion in individuals with OA. Because of lower agreement, HHD might be best suited for evaluating within-subject strength changes rather than true strength scores. However, gold-standard extension strength magnitudes may reasonably be predicted from regression equations ( r2 = 0.82).
Estimation of mechanical energy consumption of the drill string in rotary drilling
Authors: Chudyk I. I. , Hrydzhuk Ya. S. , Yurych L. R.
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the study of dynamic phenomena in the drill string based on energy positions. Thefriction of mechanical transmissions in rotor drive, curved sections of the drill string on drill-hole walls in thedrilling mud and change in the torque on the bit are the main causes of the mechanical energy consumption in theprocess of drilling. In this case, the required engine power is used for to provide drill string rotation in the well withsome unevenness and bottom-hole deepening. 

The power balance equation of the mechanical system “power drive–drill string–bottom hole” is analyzed. Theauthors have developed the problem for defining the kinetic energy of drill string in rotor drilling, which is spent onovercoming the friction in drive transmissions and drill string on drill-hole walls in the drilling mud as well as ondrilling the bottom hole. The use of the defined mathematical dependencies is demonstrated by the nomograph fordetermining the friction power in case of drill string free run in the well. The obtained results of theoreticalresearch can be used by engineering and manufacturing divisions of drilling enterprises for the engineeringestimate of energy consumption in rotary drilling.
Determination of cores electrification during the flow in the modified Wurster apparatus
Authors: Ludwig Wojciech , Mączka Tadeusz
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper was presentation of the value of cores electrification during their flow in the modified Wurster apparatus, applied for dry encapsulation of pharmaceutical materials. Previous works of the authors dealt with vulnerability of the particles of different diameter, produced by SYNTAPHARM (Cellets 1000, 700 and 100) on electrification in laboratory conditions. The presented work gives the results of examination on particles electrification in real conditions of their stable circulation in a column. The measurement system, that was applied, allowed determination of electrification potential and electrification current. Those quantities, which are the measures of charge accumulation on cores were determined for several particles (Cellets 1000, 700 and 500) with the different humidity, for different mass of the bed and spouting gas velocities.
An integer optimization model and algorithms to support the cost-revenue study and provisory designing warehouses or other storage objects
Authors: Miatselski Mikalai , Staruch Bożena , Staruch Bogdan
Published: June 2019

An optimization model for the cost–revenue study at the stage of system analysis and preliminary designs of storage objects such as warehouses, containers, packs and similar objects are developed. Our assumptions motivated by warehouses design lead us to a nonlinear integer optimization problem with the only basic constraint. We present algorithmic methods for obtaining the exact solution to the general problem with emphasizing the special case when both the objective and the constraint functions are increasing. The results of the paper may be used in developing software tools intended for supporting designers.
Weather and a part of day recognition in the photos using a KNN methodology
Authors: Krzywicki Tomasz
Published: June 2019

This article presents a proposal for recognizing the weather and part of a day in digital photos encoded in the bitmap format, based on auctorial edge detection algorithm of horizon to demarcate the sky and k-nearest neighbours algorithm, to classify the daytime in the picture as “day” or “night” and to classify the weather as “sunny” or “cloudy”. To verify the effectiveness of the classification the Internal Bagging-5 model was applied. The data for surveys in the form of pictures was prepared on self-provision. To test the method in a different location, data from the Internet was used.