bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Selective Study: Camels Analysis of Indian Private Sector Banks
Authors: Dudhe C.
Published: November 2018

Banking sector is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Today’s banking sector becoming more complex. Evaluating Indian banking sector is not an easy task. There are so many factors, which need to be taken care while differentiating good banks from bad ones. Performance evaluation of the banking sector is an effective measure and indicator to check the soundness of economic activities of an economy. The contribution of RBI and other policy maker, the banking industry has witnessed regulatory requirements like BASEL III norms. These regulatory changes have influenced prominent improvement in efficiency and performance of the Indian Scheduled Commercial Banks in the past few years. In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate the performance & financial soundness of select Private Sector Banks like ICICI,HDFC AND YES bank using CAMEL approach from 2013 to 2017 as well one way anova method. It is observed that on an average ICICI was at the top most position. It is also observed that yes Bank was at the bottom most position in selected CAMEL ratios.
University Students' Knowledge, Attitude, And Perception of Risk related to HIV
Authors: Said Norimah , Ab Hamid Mohd Ramadan
Published: November 2018

The number of young people aged between 13 to 29 infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was rapidly increasing in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and perception among students in the University. This study employed the cross-sectional design. The questionnaire was distributed to 372 respondents. Therefore, 52.4 percent of students had good knowledge.  There was a weak positive correlation between KA (r =0.23) and KP (r=0.19)  with significance (p<0.05). Conclusion, an increase in the level of knowledge contributed to the positive attitude and perception also reduce the stigma and discrimination toward people living with HIV/AIDS.
Energy and Trade in the Time of Destabilized Multilateralism: Innovative Economic Policies for the WTO
Authors: Lanoszka Anna
Published: November 2018

The multilateral trade system has been in trouble for over a decade. The set of international trade agreements managed by the World Trade Organization (WTO) has never meaningfully expanded beyond its 1990s founding package. Instead, since early 2000s bilateral trade deals done outside the WTO have multiplied. The WTO is better known today for the troubled trajectory of the unfinished Doha Round. The rhetoric of economic nationalism by the current US Administration does not help. It is time to consider new creative options before the world trading system becomes irreparably fragmented by politics. To this extent the following article advocates an initiative of creating an open plurilateral agreement on services related to energy sector under the framework of the WTO’s GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services). Energy security remains the key international issue. Initiating talks among interested countries on energy related services under GATS can move the WTO forward towards pragmatic solutions and encourage international cooperation on the critical economic matter.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE ACTION OF AMITRIPTYLINE WITH FLUOXETINE AND EVALUATION OF THEIR PROBABLE MECHANISM OF THIS ACTION IN ALBINO MICE
Authors: Sarma Phulen , Phukan Daisy
Published: November 2018

Objective: The aim of our study was to compare the anti-nociceptive action of amitriptyline with fluoxetine and evaluation of their probable mechanism of anti-nociceptive action by observing their individual interactions with morphine, naloxone, yohimbine, and ondansetron.Methods: Albino mice weighing 25-35 grams were taken and divided into 12 groups. Group A-Control(distilled water), Group B-amitriptyline 20 mg/kg, Group C-fluoxetine 20 mg/kg, Group D-morphine 5 mg/kg, Group E-amitriptyline 20 mg/kg+ morphine 5 mg/kg, Group F-amitriptyline 20 mg/kg+ naloxone 3 mg/kg, Group G-amitriptyline 20 mg/kg+ yohimbine 2 mg/kg, Group H-amitriptyline 20 mg/kg+ ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg, Group I-fluoxetine 20 mg/kg+morphine 5 mg/kg, Group J-fluoxetine 20 mg/kg+ naloxone 3 mg/kg, Group K-fluoxetine 20 mg/kg+ yohimbine 2 mg/kg and Group L-fluoxetine 20 mg/kg+ ondansetron 0.1 mg/kg. Hot plate method and acetic acid writhing test were used to assess central and peripheral analgesic activity respectively.Results: Both the amitriptyline and fluoxetine-treated animals showed significantly increased reaction time in a hot plate (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the number of wriths in acetic acid writhing test (p<0.05), when compared with control. Animals in amitriptyline group showed significantly higher reaction time and less number of wriths when compared to fluoxetine group. Morphine increased, while naloxone, yohimbine and ondansetron decreased the reaction time in a hot plate. In the acetic acid writhing test, a number of wriths significantly decreased when co-treated with morphine and increased when co-treated with naloxone, yohimbine and ondansetron.Conclusion: It is concluded that amitriptyline is a better antinociceptive agent than fluoxetine. Their central and peripheral mechanism of antinociception both involve opioidergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic pathway.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOISTURIZING CREAM CONTAINING SUNFLOWER WAX
Authors: Maru Avish D. , Lahoti Swaroop R.
Published: November 2018

Objective: The main objective of the present investigation was to design, prepare and evaluate moisturizing cream using sunflower wax.Methods: In the present work 32 full factorial design was applied to study the effect of varying concentration of independent variables stearic acid (X1) and sunflower wax (X2) on dependent variables viscosity and spreadability. All of the prepared formulations of moisturizing cream were evaluated for its physicochemical parameters. Further, the optimized formulation and selected commercial moisturizer compared and evaluated for its physicochemical parameters like pH, particle size, spreadability, viscosity and in vitro occlusivity test.Results: Nine different formulations of the moisturizing cream were prepared and all the findings obtained were within the prescribed limit. When compared to the prototype formulation of cream, the formulation MF5 showed good viscosity, in vitro occlusivity and spreadability. From the nine different formulations, MF5 containing 2 % stearic acid and 2 % sunflower was chosen as the optimized formula. Optimization was done on the basis of in vitro occlusivity studies and physicochemical parameters.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work clearly showed a promising potential of moisturizing cream containing a specific ratio of stearic acid and sunflower wax as emulsifiers. Thus it can be concluded that sunflower wax is incorporated in the moisturizing cream, to avail of its cosmetic benefits.
Bell correlations at finite temperature
Authors: Fadel Matteo , Tura Jordi
Published: November 2018

We show that spin systems with infinite-range interactions can violate at thermal equilibrium a multipartite Bell inequality, up to a finite critical temperatureTc. Our framework can be applied to a wide class of spin systems and Bell inequalities, to study whether nonlocality occurs naturally in quantum many-body systems close to the ground state. Moreover, we also show that the low-energy spectrum of the Bell operator associated to such systems can be well approximated by the one of a quantum harmonic oscillator, and that spin-squeezed states are optimal in displaying Bell correlations for such Bell inequalities.
Análise da Imposição de Períodos de Lock-Up sobre o Saldo de Disponibilidades Mantido pelos Fundos Multimercados Brasileiros
Authors: Pontes Gleison De Abreu , De Oliveira Dienifer Aline Clemente , Malaquias Rodrigo Fernandes
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar o efeito da imposição de períodos de lock-up sobre o disponível de caixa dos fundos multimercados brasileiros.Fundamento: No cenário atual, os fundos de investimento têm desempenhado papel importante na Economia brasileira, entre eles, os multimercados têm-se destacado, por apresentarem maior rentabilidade em relação aos demais. Algumas pesquisas tentam explicar as variáveis que afetam a rentabilidade, como os períodos de lock-up, que podem ter uma relação com a disponibilidade de caixa dos fundos.Método: Foi selecionada uma amostra de 79 fundos multimercados que operam com lock-up, o que totalizou 4.740 observações, no período de 2011 a 2015. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Sistema Economática® e no site da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizada a análise de regressão para dados em painel.Resultados: Observou-se que os períodos de lock-up são menores no Brasil, quando comparados com pesquisas em outros mercados.Contribuições: No que se refere ao questionamento principal deste estudo, foi constatado que os períodos de lock-up diminuem o disponível de caixa, portanto, as restrições de lock-up não diminuem as saídas de caixa dos fundos multimercados brasileiros.
Editorial
Authors: Pontes Girão Luiz Felipe De Araújo , Vasconcelos Adriana Fernandes de , Fernandes Anna Paola , Zuccolotto Robson , Marques Vagner Antonio
Published: November 2018

Chegamos à mais nova edição da RECFin trazendo mais uma novidade com relação à nossa Equipe Editorial. O Professor Dr. Dimas Queiroz encerra esse período de 1 ano como nosso Editor Adjunto, após ter assumido um novo desafio na Coordenação do Curso de Ciências Contábeis da UFPB. Para assumir a área de Contabilidade Pública, trouxemos o Professor Dr. Robson Zuccolotto, da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.Agrademos ao Professor Zuccolotto por aceitar o convite e ao Professor Dimas por toda a contribuição e trabalho dedicado à RECFin. Desejamos sucesso nesse novo desafio!Atualmente, a RECFin trabalha com quatro linhas editorias, quais sejam: a) contabilidade para usuários externos, b) contabilidade para usuários internos, c) educação e pesquisa e d) finanças e atuária. Baseando-se nas linhas editorias, trabalhamos com a seguinte divisão de trabalhos: Editor Geral: Dr. Luiz Felipe de A. Pontes Girão (UFPB)Contabilidade Pública: Dr. Robson Zuccolotto (UFES)Contabilidade Gerencial, Educação e Pesquisa: Dra. Adriana F. de Vasconcelos (UFPB)Contabilidade Societária: Dr. Vagner Antonio Marques (UFES)Finanças e Atuária: Dra. Anna Paola Fernandes (UFPB)
JORNALISMO PROFISSIONAL: processos, práticas e técnicas
Authors: SOUSA Joana Belarmino de
Published: November 2018

Mobilizar pesquisadores, acolher e difundir reflexões, incentivar o debate permanente acerca do campo jornalístico e dos seus desafios, eis o objetivo principal da Revista Latino-americana de Jornalismo - ÂNCORA, que nesta sua oitava edição [V.5 N.1 – JAN/JUN],convida os leitores a pensar sobre as transformações que têm impactado o trabalho jornalístico nas suas diversas modalidades.É assim que organizamos o nosso eixo-temático sob a rubrica, “Jornalismo Profissional: processos, práticas e técnicas”. O eixo proposto, coincide com o que tem sidodiscutido nos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação em jornalismo, e é certo que as práticas e as técnicas têm alimentado muitas investigações com respeito aos processos de produção jornalística.
MÍDIA NINJA, JORNALISMO CIDADÃO ONLINE E A PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DO JORNALISTA NO BRASIL
Authors: DANTAS Juliana Bulhões Alberto , FALCÃO Priscila Dallva de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

A Mídia Ninja, criada em 2013, é um coletivo de comunicadores que produz conteúdo jornalístico cidadão utilizando exclusivamente plataformas online. Refletir sobre o surgimento e a popularização do grupo no contexto da atual fase da profissionalização do jornalismo no Brasil é nosso principal objetivo com a investigação. Para a realização desse estudo de caso, traçamos uma linha histórica sobre o jornalismo profissional no Brasil; tratamos do contexto de surgimento do coletivo e suas características, trazendo aproximações ao termo jornalismo cidadão online; por fim, chegamos à conclusão que a Mídia Ninja, além de ser fruto da realidade digital, nasce, se populariza e desenvolve suas narrativas em um complexo contexto do mercado de trabalho jornalístico, sobre o qual discutimos no decorrer do trabalho.
O IMPEACHMENT DE DILMA ROUSSEFF E O DISCURSO SOBRE O APAZIGUAMENTO SOCIAL NA IMPRENSA BRASILEIRA
Authors: LEMOS Daniel Dantas , MEDEIROS Lucas Oliveira de , WANDERLEY Bianca Pessoa Tenório
Published: November 2018

Propomo-nos neste trabalho a analisar, sob a perspectiva da teoria mimética de René Girard, conforme exposta por Kirwan (2015) e Golsan (2014), enunciados que manifestam um dos discursos que operaram justificativas para o processo de impedimento da presidenta do Brasil, Dilma Rousseff: o apaziguamento da sociedade. Dentro da perspectiva de análise da interdiscursividade de Maingueneau (2008) e do discurso político de Charaudeau (2016), percebemos que foi operado um discurso de apaziguamento social, inclusive em enunciados jornalísticos, típico do mecanismo do “bode expiatório”, dentro de uma formação discursiva antipetista, manifestado em três enunciados que analisamos aqui: o discurso de posse do presidente interino Michel Temer em 12 de maio de 2016, a fala do juiz responsável pela Operação Lava Jato Sérgio Moro em 11 de maio de 2016 e a capa da revista semanal IstoÉ (número 2424, de 25 de maio de 2016).
A CONDUÇÃO COERCITIVA DE LULA: framing e jogos de memória na Folha de S. Paulo
Authors: CRUZ Adriano Charles da Silva
Published: November 2018

Em 2016, o ex-presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) foi conduzido coercitivamente pela Polícia Federal para prestar depoimento. A ordem foi do juiz federal Sérgio Moro, principal julgador dos processos da Operação Lava Jato. O ato polêmico repercutiu na imprensa e favoreceu um debate público sobre o tema. O Jornal Folha de S. Paulo publicou uma série de textos opinativos favoráveis e contrários à medida jurídico-policial. Investigamos os processos de produção de sentido, a partir dos enquadramentos desses textos. Dessa forma, articulamos a identificação dos sistemas de “framing” (ENTMAN, 1993) a uma análise discursiva a partir do conceito “memória” (ORLANDI, 2007). Os resultados sugerem a predominância de processo de enquadramentos negativos que desconstroem a imagem de Lula.
JORNALISMO E AS CRÔNICAS DO GOLPE (Felipe Pena, 2017). Resenha expandida
Authors: PAIVA Cláudio Cardoso de
Published: November 2018

À guisa de introduçãoO livro de Felipe Pena, Crônicas do Golpe (2017), atualiza com esmero e sagacidade o gênero da crônica, e assim se sobressai no âmbito da narrativa lítero-jornalística brasileira contemporânea. O seu poder simbólico se nutre de uma rica substância teórica, que lhe confere rara competência comunicativa. Guarnecido dos saberes da filosofia, história, psicologia, sociologia, semiótica e ciência política, Pena nos fornece lentes de aumento para decifrarmos a trama sociopolítica do século 21, e poderosas pistas para nos orientarmos, na densa na teia midiática que envolve, informa, fascina, e ao mesmo tempo, distrai, engana e deforma.A narrativa é conduzida por meio de uma estratégia inteligente, filtrando os dados na espessa nuvem da informação. Pena atua energicamente no labirinto de notícias da mídia impressa globalizada, dribla a espetacularização do noticiário na TV e enfrenta a avalanche de mensagens - nem sempre veras - em circulação na ciberzona na internet.A obra se constrói como mediação equilibrada entre a gramática ilustrada dos intelectuais (academia, jornalismo, criação literária), o código hermético dos especialistas, os jargões mercadológicos e a linguagem do senso comum afetada pela midiatização eletrônica (sob a égide do princípio do prazer, diversão e entretenimento). Resulta de reflexões rigorosas, que afluíram como artigos jornalísticos e se tornaram uma coletânea de escritos indignados, publicados antes, durante e após o processo de “impeachment”, a rigor, um “golpe de estado”, de cunho político, midiático e jurídico.
New spectral templates for rhodopsin and porphyropsin visual pigments
Authors: Gacic Zoran , Mickovic Branislav , Gacic Luka , Damjanovic Ilija
Published: November 2018

A four-parameter model of spectral sensitivity curves was developed. Empirical equations were designed for A1- and A2-based visual pigments with the main ?-band maximum absorptions (?max) from 350 nm, near the ultraviolet, up to 635 nm in the far-red part of the spectrum. Subtraction of the ?-band from the full absorbance spectrum left a ??-band? described by a ?max-dependent Gaussian equation. Compatibility of our templates with A1- and A2-based spectra was tested on the electroretinographic (ERG-derived) scotopic action spectra recorded in dogfish shark, eel, Prussian carp and perch. To more precisely estimate the accuracy of our model, we compared it with widely used templates for visual pigments. There was almost no difference between the tested models in fitting the above-mentioned spectral data. One of the advantages of our model is that in the fitting of spectral sensitivity data it uses non-transformed wavelengths and the shape of the curve remains the same for a broad range of ?max values. Compared to multiparameter templates of other authors, our model was designed with fewer (four) parameters, which we believe can bring us closer to understanding the true nature of the absorption curve.
Chemical and photo-induced nuclease activity of a novel minor groove DNA binder Cu(II) complex
Authors: Yildiz Ufuk , Coban Burak
Published: November 2018

A new type of copper(II) metal complex containing 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 8-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,3]thiazino[3,2-a]benzimidazole (dtb) ligands was prepared and characterized. The ds-DNA interaction of the complex was studied by UV?Vis spectrophotometry, competitive fluorometric titration with ethidium bromide (EB) and 4?,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), viscosity measurements and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results show that the complex can bind to ds-DNA in the minor groove by displacing DAPI molecules. DNA cleavage mechanism studies revealed that hydrogen peroxide radicals are responsible for DNA oxidative cleavage.
Why market imperatives invigorate economic inequality? Cobb-Douglas utility remodelled
Authors: Maialeh Robin
Published: November 2018

The aim of the article is to demonstrate on a familiar example of
Cobb-Douglas utility function principles of intertemporal resource
allocation under general market conditions. The enormous increase of data
availability and progress in data analysis in recent decades caused that
empirical inequality research has created a robust base of results. On the
other hand, researchers face serious interpretation difficulties. Empirical
results do not speak for themselves but only through interpretative theory.
Hence, the article provides a theoretical scheme which clarifies fundamental
inequality-driving forces and which reveals economic inequalities as the
intrinsic feature of market economies.
Asymptotic results for the first and second moments and numerical computations in discrete-time bulk-renewal process
Authors: Kim James , Chaudhry Mohan , Mansur Abdalla
Published: November 2018

This paper introduces a simplified solution to determine the asymptotic results for the renewal density. It also offers the asymptotic results for the first and second moments of the number of renewals for the discrete-time bulk-renewal process. The methodology adopted makes this study distinguishable compared to those previously published where the constant term in the second moment is generated. In similar studies published in the literature, the constant term is either missing or not clear how it was obtained. The problem was partially solved in the study by Chaudhry and Fisher where they provided a asymptotic results for the non-bulk renewal density and for both the first and second moments using the generating functions. The objective of this work is to extend their results to the bulk-renewal process in discrete-time, including some numerical results, give an elegant derivation of the asymptotic results and derive continuous-time results as a limit of the discrete-time results.
HSPA12A Is a Novel Player in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis via Promoting Nuclear PKM2-Mediated M1 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Kong Qiuyue , Li Nan , Cheng Hao , Zhang Xiaojin , Cao Xiaofei , Qi Tao , Dai Leyang , Zhang Zhihong , Chen Xuan , Li Chuanfu , Li Yuehua , Xue Bin , Fang Lei , Liu Li , Ding Zhengnian
Published: November 2018

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Macrophage-mediated inflammation plays a critical role in NASH pathogenesis; however, optimum therapies for macrophage activation and NASH remain elusive. HSPA12A encodes a novel member of the HSP70 family. Here, we report that NASH patients showed increased hepatic HSPA12A expression and serum HSPA12A contents. Intriguingly, knockout of HSPA12A (Hspa12a−/−) in mice attenuated high-fat diet (HFD)–induced hepatic steatosis and injury. HFD-induced macrophage polarization toward an M1 phenotype and inflammatory responses in the liver of Hspa12a−/− mice were also attenuated. Loss- and gain-of-function studies revealed that the de novo lipogenesis in hepatocytes was regulated by the paracrine effects of macrophage HSPA12A rather than by hepatocyte HSPA12A. In-depth molecular analysis revealed that HSPA12A interacted with the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) in macrophages and increased its nuclear translocation, thereby promoting M1 polarization and secretion of proinflammatory M1 cytokines; this led, ultimately, to hepatocyte steatosis via paracrine effects. Taken together, these findings show that HSPA12A acts as a novel regulator of M1 macrophage polarization and NASH pathogenesis by increasing nuclear PKM2. Strategies that inhibit macrophage HSPA12A might be a potential therapeutic intervention for NASH.
Posttransplant Characterization of Long-term Functional hESC-Derived Pancreatic Endoderm Grafts
Authors: Pepper Andrew R. , Bruni Antonio , Pawlick Rena , O’Gorman Doug , Kin Tatsuya , Thiesen Aducio , Shapiro A.M. James
Published: November 2018

The paucity of human donors limits broadened application of β-cell replacement therapy. Insulin-producing cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have recently been investigated clinically as a feasible surrogate to primary tissue. Herein, we examine the long-term efficacy of hESC-derived pancreatic endoderm cells (PECs) to maintain normoglycemia posttransplant and characterize the phenotype of the PEC grafts. Mice with chemically induced diabetes were transplanted with PECs into the subcutaneous device-less site. Transplant function was assessed through nonfasting blood glucose measurements, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing (IPGTT), and human C-peptide secretion for 517 days. Explanted grafts were assessed for ex vivo function and immunohistochemically. All PEC recipients (n = 8) maintained normoglycemia until graft retrieval. IPGTTs at 365 and 517 days posttransplant did not differ (P > 0.05), however, both demonstrated superior glucose clearance compared with nondiabetic and transplant controls (P < 0.001). Serum C-peptide levels demonstrated significant glucose responsiveness (fasted vs. stimulated) (P < 0.01). Small intragraft cysts were palpable in all mice, which resolved but recurred after aspiration. Cysts showed monomorphic neuroendocrine proliferation and lined by ductal epithelium. Explanted grafts demonstrated similar insulin secretory capacity as human islets and stained positively for endocrine cells. Our results demonstrate the ability of PECs to differentiate in vivo and restore glycemic control while confirming minimal proliferation and absence of neoplastic change within the grafts during the time evaluated.
Factors Contributing to Increases in Diabetes-Related Preventable Hospitalization Costs Among U.S. Adults During 2001–2014
Authors: Shrestha Sundar S. , Zhang Ping , Hora Israel , Geiss Linda S. , Luman Elizabeth T. , Gregg Edward W.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

To examine changes in diabetes-related preventable hospitalization costs and to determine the contribution of each underlying factor to these changes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used data from the 2001–2014 U.S. National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) for adults (≥18 years old) to estimate the trends in hospitalization costs (2014 USD) in total and by condition (short-term complications, long-term complications, uncontrolled diabetes, and lower-extremity amputation). Using regression and growth models, we estimated the relative contribution of following underlying factors: total number of hospitalizations, rate of hospitalization, the number of people with diabetes, mean cost per admission, length of stay, and cost per day.

RESULTS

During 2001–2014, the estimated total cost of diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations increased annually by 1.6% (92.9 million USD; P < 0.001). Of this 1.6% increase, 75% (1.2%) was due to the increase in the number of hospitalizations, which is a result of a 3.8% increase in diabetes population and a 2.6% decrease in the hospitalization rate, and 25% (0.4%) was due to the increase in cost per admission, for a net result of a 1.6% increase in cost per day and a 1.3% decline in mean length of stay. By component, the cost of short-term complications, lower-extremity amputations, and long-term complications increased annually by 4.2, 1.9, and 1.5%, respectively, while the cost of uncontrolled diabetes declined annually by 2.6%.

CONCLUSIONS

The total cost of diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations had been increasing during 2001–2014, mainly resulting from increases in number of people with diabetes and cost per hospitalization day. The underlying factors identified in our study could lead to efforts that may lower future hospitalization costs.
Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance in Youth on the Spectrum From Normal Weight to Obese and From Normal Glucose Tolerance to Impaired Glucose Tolerance to Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kim Joon Young , Bacha Fida , Tfayli Hala , Michaliszyn Sara F. , Yousuf Shahwar , Arslanian Silva
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

Adipose tissue insulin resistance is one of the pathophysiological components of type 2 diabetes. Herein we investigated: 1) adipose insulin resistance index (Adipose-IR) (calculated as fasting insulin × free fatty acids [FFAs]) in youth across the spectrum of adiposity from normal weight to obese and the spectrum from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, 2) the relationship of Adipose-IR with physical and metabolic characteristics, and 3) the predictive power of Adipose-IR for determining dysglycemia in youth.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 205 youth had fasting glucose, insulin, FFA, Adipose-IR, body composition, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), leptin, and adiponectin evaluated.

RESULTS

Adipose-IR was 2.2-fold higher in obese NGT, 4.3-fold higher in IGT, and 4.6-fold higher in type 2 diabetes compared with that in normal-weight peers (all P < 0.05). Females with dysglycemia (IGT and type 2 diabetes) had higher Adipose-IR than their male counterparts (P < 0.001). Adipose-IR correlated positively with total body and visceral adiposity, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and leptin and negatively with adiponectin. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an optimal cutoff for Adipose-IR of 9.3 μU/mL × mmol/L for determining dysglycemia with 80% predictive power.

CONCLUSIONS

Adipose-IR is a simple surrogate estimate that reflects pathophysiological alterations in adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in youth, with progressive deterioration from normal weight to obese and from NGT to IGT to type 2 diabetes. Adipose-IR can be applied in large-scale epidemiological/observational studies of the natural history of youth-onset type 2 diabetes and its progression or reversal with intervention strategies.
Optimal Insulin Correction Factor in Post–High-Intensity Exercise Hyperglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The FIT Study
Authors: Aronson Ronnie , Brown Ruth E. , Li Aihua , Riddell Michael C.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

Postexercise hyperglycemia, following high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), is largely underrecognized by the clinical community and generally undertreated. The aim of this study was to compare four multipliers of an individual’s insulin correction factor (ICF) to treat post-HIIT hyperglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The FIT study had a randomized, crossover design in physically active subjects with T1D (mean ± SD age 34.9 ± 10.1 years, BMI 25.5 ± 2.5 kg/m2, and HbA1c 7.2 ± 0.9%) using multiple daily injections. Following an 8-week optimization period, with 300 units/mL insulin glargine used as the basal insulin, subjects performed four weekly sessions of 25 min of HIIT. If hyperglycemia (>8.0 mmol/L) resulted, subjects received a bolus insulin correction 15 min post-HIIT, based on their own ICF, adjusted by one of four multipliers: 0, 50, 100, or 150%.

RESULTS

Seventeen subjects completed 71 exercise trials, of which 64 (90%) resulted in hyperglycemia. At 40 min postexercise, plasma glucose (PG) increased from mean ± SD 8.8 ± 1.0 mmol/L at baseline to 12.7 ± 2.4 mmol/L (increase of 3.8 ± 1.5 mmol/L). After correction, adjusted mean ± SE PG was significantly reduced for the 50% (−2.3 ± 0.8 mmol/L, P < 0.01), 100% (−4.7 ± 0.8 mmol/L, P < 0.001), and 150% (−5.3 ± 0.8 mmol/L, P < 0.001) arms but had increased further in the 0% correction arm. Both the 100 and 150% corrections were more effective than the 50% correction (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) but were not different from each other. Hypoglycemia was rare.

CONCLUSIONS

In post-HIIT hyperglycemia, correction based on a patient’s usual ICF is safe and effective. Optimal PG reduction, with minimal hypoglycemia, occurred in the 100 and 150% correction arms.
Development and Validation of a Simple Hip Fracture Risk Prediction Tool for Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase I
Authors: Davis Wendy A. , Hamilton Emma J. , Bruce David G. , Davis Timothy M.E.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

To develop a type 2 diabetes hip fracture risk tool in community-based patients, to validate it in an independent cohort, and to compare its performance against the only published prediction equation to include type 2 diabetes as a risk factor (QFracture).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Hip fracture hospitalizations in 1,251 participants with type 2 diabetes aged 40–89 years from the longitudinal Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase I (FDS1) were ascertained between entry (1993–1996) and end-2012. Competing risk regression modeling determined independent predictors of time to first fracture over 10 years and the coefficients incorporated in a risk model. The model was validated in 286 participants with type 2 diabetes from the Busselton Health Study (BHS).

RESULTS

Fifty FDS1 participants (4.0%) experienced a first hip fracture during 10,306 person-years of follow-up. Independent predictors of fracture were older age, female sex, lower BMI, peripheral sensory neuropathy, and estimated glomerular filtration rate <45 mL/min/1.73 m2. The model-predicted mean 10-year incident fracture risk was 3.3% with good discrimination, calibration, and accuracy. For a 3% cutoff, sensitivity was 76.0%, specificity 71.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) 10.1%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 98.6%. Model performance in the small BHS sample was also good (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 79.8%, PPV 6.2%, and NPV 99.2%). QFracture performed well in FDS1 but required availability of 25 variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The FDS1 hip fracture risk equation is a simple validated adjunct to type 2 diabetes management that uses variables that are readily available in routine care.
Postpregnancy BMI in the Progression From Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy to Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Timpka Simon , Stuart Jennifer J. , Tanz Lauren J. , Hu Frank B. , Franks Paul W. , Rich-Edwards Janet W.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE

To study the extent to which BMI after pregnancy adds to the elevated risk of postpregnancy type 2 diabetes in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) (preeclampsia or gestational hypertension).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We used data from the Nurses’ Health Study II, a prospective cohort study. In women aged 45–54 years without prior gestational diabetes mellitus, we investigated the interaction between BMI and HDP history on the risk of type 2 diabetes. For clinical and public health relevance, we focused on additive interaction. The main outcome measure was the relative excess risk due to interaction calculated from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models using normal weight as the reference group.

RESULTS

In total, 6,563 (11.7%) of 56,159 participants had a history of HDP and 1,341 women developed type 2 diabetes during 436,333 person-years. BMI was a strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes regardless of HDP history. However, there was evidence of an additive interaction between BMI and HDP for the risk of type 2 diabetes (P = 0.004). The attributable proportion of risk due to the interaction ranged from 0.12 (95% CI −0.22, 0.46) in women who were overweight to 0.36 (95% CI 0.13, 0.59) in women with obesity class I.

CONCLUSIONS

Maintaining a healthy weight may be of even greater importance in women with a history of HDP, compared with other women with a history of only normotensive pregnancies, to reduce midlife risk of type 2 diabetes.
GRAMMATICAL ERROS COMMITED BY JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SPEAKING ENGLISH
Authors: Anggana IPS
Published: November 2018

The purposes of this study are to analyze the types of grammatical errors and to know the types of grammatical error which are frequently made by the junior high school students in speaking English. The research design in this study was descriptive qualitative design with the eighth grade students in second semester of SMP Negeri 4 Singaraja as the population and 33 students were chosen to be the sample. The instruments that were used to collect the data were researcher and video recorder. The result showed that students made error in omission, addition, misinformation, and misordering. The total of errors reaches 61 times. The highest frequency of error is omission which is 62.30%. The second frequency of error is misordering, 18,4%. The third frequency of error is addition which is 14,75%. The last frequency of error is misformation that is 4,91%.

Grammatical error, Speaking
Esoteerisuuden tutkimuksen ajankohtaisia kysymyksiä ja haasteita
Authors: Kokkinen Nina
Published: November 2018

Katsaus Uuden etsijät -tutkimushankkeeseen ja sen avaussymposiumiin Turussa 29.5.2018
Penerapan Algoritma C4.5 untuk Penentuan Ketersediaan Barang E-commerce
Authors: Lukhayu Pritalia Generosa
Published: November 2018

Dalam sebuah perusahaan e-commerce, stok barang merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang harus diperhatikan oleh perusahaan. Jumlah barang masuk maupun keluar perlu diperhatikan, tujuannya untuk menjaga stok yang tersedia dalam gudang menjadi stabil. Stok stabil yang dimaksud dalam gudang adalah barang tidak kelebihan stok maupun barang tidak kehabisan stok. Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada penjualan barang adalah setiap barang memiliki minat beli yang berbeda-beda. Barang dengan minat beli yang tinggi akan cepat habis dibandingkan dengan barang yang memiliki minat beli rendah. Untuk itu, stok barang perlu ditambah pada waktu stok barang menipis. Algoritma C4.5 merupakan kelompok algoritma dengan menggunakan pohon keputusan. Pohon keputusan merupakan metode klasifikasi dan prediksi yang sangat kuat dan terkenal. Semakin kaya informasi atau pengetahuan yang dikandung oleh data training, maka akurasi akan semakin meningkat. Algoritma ini digunakan untuk menganalisis waktu pembelian stok barang yang sudah menipis dengan mengklasifikasi barang mana yang sudah waktunya di tambah stok maupun belum, sehingga ketersediaan barang tetap stabil dan terjaga. Hasil dari analisis menggunakan algoritma C4.5 adalah untuk menentukan waktu penentuan ketersediaan barang memiliki tingkat keakuratan sebesar 98.9%.
A BOOK OF TRANSFIGURATION - CARDINAL IULIU HOSSU’S MEMOIR REVISITED IN 2018 -
Authors: CESEREANU Ruxandra
Published: November 2018

A Book of Transfiguration - Cardinal Iuliu Hossu’s Memoir Revisited in 2018. - The present study focuses on analysing the memoir written by Cardinal Iuliu Hossu in 1961, during his house arrest at the Căldărușani Monastery, and published in 2003, after the fall of the communist regime in Romania. Iuliu Hossu (1885-1970), the Greek-Catholic bishop who in 1918 publicly read the text of the Resolution for the Union between Transylvania and Romania in Alba Iulia is an emblematic figure of Romanian history in the 20th century. During communism, this Greek Catholic clergyman endured a total of twenty-two years of house arrest and detention. My paper analyzes and synthesizes his testamentary memoir, infused by a special liturgical character, where the bishop (eventually cardinal) fully identifies with the living Romanian Greek Catholic Church, despite the persecutions and abuses it underwent at the hands of the communists.
Rezumat. Cartea transfigurării. Memoriile cardinalului Iuliu Hossu recitite în 2018. Studiul prezent este concentrat pe analiza memoriilor redactate de cardinalul Iuliu Hossu, în 1961, pe vremea când se afla în domiciliu forțat la mănăstirea Căldărușani. Memoriile cardinalului au fost publicate în 2003, după prăbușirea regimului comunist. Iuliu Hossu (1885-1970) a fost episcopul greco-catolic care a citit, în 1918 la Alba-Iulia, Rezoluția Unirii Transilvaniei cu România, o figură emblematică a istoriei românești în secolul XX. În perioada comunistă, ierarhul greco-catolic a îndurat douăzeci și doi de ani de detenție și domiciliu forțat. Lucrarea mea analizează și sintetizează memoriile testamentare ale ierarhului, care au un caracter liturgic aparte, datorită faptului că episcopul (mai târziu cardinal) se identifică întru totul cu Biserica vie Greco-Catolică, în ciuda persecuțiilor și abuzurilor de care această biserică a avut parte din partea autorităților comuniste.
Cuvinte- cheie: Iuliu Hossu, memorii, Gulag, România, comunism, Biserica Greco-Catolică, testament, rezistență, supraviețuire.
NOTE SUL CONCETTO DI POPOLO NEL REPUBBLICANESIMO DI MACHIAVELLI E ROUSSEAU
Authors: GISONDI Marcello
Published: November 2018

Notes on the idea of people in Machiavelli’s and Rousseau’s republicanism. The paper analyses some relevant aspects of Machiavelli’s and Rousseau’s republicanism (the idea of Republic, of the people and social conflicts) which stand nowadays at the centre of the debate on populism.
Rezumat. Note asupra conceptului de popor în republicanismul lui Machiavelli și Rousseau. Articolul analizează anumite aspecte ale republicanimsului lui Niccolò Machiavelli și Jean-Jacques Rousseau (concepția despre republică, despre popor și despre conflictele sociale), ce se află ayi în centrul dezbaterilor privitoare la populism.
Cuvinte cheie: popor, republicanism, Machiavelli, Rousseau
ANALYSE QUALITATIVE DES REPONSES EPILINGUISTIQUES ET METALINGUISTIQUES AU TEST D’ACCEPTABILITE DU THAM-3 PAR DES ÉTUDIANTS ITALOPHONES
Authors: FLOQUET Oreste
Published: November 2018

Qualitative analysis of epilinguistic and metalinguistic answers to the THAM-3 acceptability test by Italian-speaking students. This article as two aims, methodological and descriptive. It analyses the grammatical and metalinguistic judgements of a group of italians learning French (19 adults) elicitated from the acceptability task of the tham 3, a linguistic and metalinguistic tests conceived for native speakers. The goal is to show that some difficulties are due to the structure of these acceptability tasks that influences language proficiency. Finally we comment some interessant results about spontaneous language representation of students learning French as a foreign language.
Rezumat. Analiza calitativă a răspunsurilor epilingvistice și metalingvistice la testul de acceptabilitate THAM-3, oferite de studenți italofoni. Obiectivul articolului nostru este dublu. În plan metodologic, mai ales, vom analiza răspunsurile oferite de 19 studenți la un test metalingvistic de acceptabilitate (THAM-3), ce a fost conceput pentru locutori nativi, spre a arăta că o parte a dificultățiilor cu care aceștia se confruntă sunt datorate mai degrabă structurii testului, decât necunoașterii regulilor de gramatică franceză. Într-o a doua etapă, se vor studia și comenta reprezentările metalingvistice ale acestor cursanți din cadrul parcursului FLE.
Cuvinte cheie: studiul francezei ca limbă a doua, acceptabilitate, conștiință metalingvistică, lingvistică populară
Imagem corporal e construção da identidade na infância sob uma perspectiva pedagógica
Authors: Santos Paula Gomes dos , Silva Kátia Regina Xavier Pereira da
Published: November 2018

Este artigo tem como foco a imagem corporal e a identidade de crianças, entre 5 e 7 anos de idade na Educação Infantil e no 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental. O objetivo do estudo é identificar e analisar produções científicas brasileiras que tratam os conceitos imagem corporal e identidade sob uma perspectiva pedagógica. Utilizou-se a técnica de revisão sistemática de literatura para a busca em três repositórios on-line: Google Acadêmico, Scielo e Periódicos Capes, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2007 e 2017. Os resultados convergem para propostas pedagógicas relacionadas à inserção de brincadeiras e jogos no cotidiano escolar como meios fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da imagem corporal e da construção da identidade na infância, e atividades relacionadas à representação gráfica. Apontaram, também, a prática psicomotora como instrumento pedagógico para o desenvolvimento da criança, em sua totalidade.
Metodologias ativas em educação: do que mesmo estamos falando?
Authors: Soffner Renato
Published: November 2018

O autor conduz, por meio de revisão de literatura, um levantamento teórico e conceitual do que se chama hoje de metodologias ativas. Considera ser necessária uma conscientização da evolução pedagógica do termo, em termos didáticos e epistemológicos, dado o intenso emprego atribuído ao mesmo em anos recentes, tanto na literatura quanto no meio acadêmico. Conclui que a preocupação atual com o tema das metodologias ativas tem relação com a formação de sujeitos protagonistas em seu processo de aprendizagem, e também com a preocupação decorrente de métodos desgastados da pedagogia mais tradicional, aquela empirista e conteudista, que ainda preocupa os educadores mais críticos quanto aos resultados educacionais ora observados.
Resenha - História e memória do Instituto Santa Dorotéia de Pouso Alegre-MG (1911-1976)
Authors: Ribeiro Jonatas Roque
Published: November 2018

BALBINO, Gilberto. História e Memória do Instituto Santa Dorotéia de Pouso Alegre-MG (1911-1976). Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2017. 148p.
Leader-member exchange and follower trust in leader: The moderating effect of leader emotional expressivity
Authors: BAKER Nevra
Published: November 2018

This research
attempts to explain the moderating effect of leader emotional expressivity on
the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and follower trust in
leader. Accordingly, quantitative data, collected via survey administration to
front-line employees of service-rendering companies from Istanbul was used to
test the hypotheses. The findings of this study revealed that the strength of
leader emotional expressivity weakened the positive contributions of LMX to
follower trust in leader for leaders who engage in a high level of LMX. On the
other hand, higher leader emotional expressivity compensates for the low levels
of LMX relationship in terms of increasing follower trust in leader.
Bias, sensitivity, and specificity of Doppler ultrasonic flow detector measurement of blood pressure for detecting and monitoring hypotension in anesthetized dogs
Authors: Bourazak Lisa A. , Hofmeister Erik H.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the bias, sensitivity, and specificity of Doppler ultrasonic flow detector measurement of blood pressure (DBPM) to detect hypotension in dogs with various disease states and to determine whether patient characteristics could affect accuracy of DBPM in dogs.

DESIGN Prospective cross-sectional study.

ANIMALS 146 client-owned dogs undergoing general anesthesia at a veterinary teaching hospital between April 2007 and August 2010.

PROCEDURES Data collected for each dog were breed, limb conformation, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, anesthetic protocol, surgical procedure, arterial catheter size and location, and DBPM location. Doppler and invasive blood pressure measurements (IBPMs; criterion standard) were simultaneously recorded every 5 minutes throughout anesthesia. Hypotension was defined as mean arterial blood pressure < 60 mm Hg or DBPM < 90 mm Hg. Repeated-measures Bland-Altman analysis was performed to determine bias between DBPMs and IBPMs. Overall sensitivity and specificity of DBPM to detect hypotension were calculated with 2 methods, and values were recalculated for specific patient groups and compared.

RESULTS Bias of DBPM was 2.8 mm Hg with wide 95% limits of agreement (−46.4 to 51.9 mm Hg). For the 2 calculation methods, sensitivity of DBPM to detect hypotension was 69.2% and 66.7% and specificity was 82.2% and 86.8%. No significant differences in sensitivity or specificity were identified regarding limb conformation, gauge of catheter (20 vs 22) used for IBPM, or side (ipsilateral or contralateral) of paired measurements.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that in dogs of the present study, DBPM was unreliable for detecting hypotension.
Use of a locking compression plate for equine proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis: 29 cases (2008–2014)
Authors: Sakai R. Russell , Goodrich Laurie R. , Katzman Scott A. , Moorman Valerie J. , Leise Britta S. , Kawcak Christopher E. , Galuppo Larry D.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVE To describe clinical use of a locking compression plate (LCP) for proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis in horses and compare outcomes for horses that underwent the procedure as treatment for fracture of the middle phalanx (P2) versus other causes.

DESIGN Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS 29 client-owned horses.

PROCEDURES Medical records of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals from 2008 through 2014 were reviewed to identify horses that underwent PIPJ arthrodesis of 1 limb. Signalment, surgical, and outcome-related variables were recorded. Owners were contacted from 1 to 6 years after surgery to determine rehabilitation time, current use of the horse, and overall owner satisfaction with the procedure. Success was determined on the basis of owner satisfaction and outcome for intended use. Variables of interest were compared statistically between horses that underwent surgery for P2 fracture versus other reasons.

RESULTS 14 horses underwent surgery for treatment of P2 fracture, and 15 had surgery because of osteoarthritis, subluxation, or osteochondrosis. Median convalescent time after surgery (with no riding or unrestricted exercise) was 7 months. Four horses were euthanized; of 23 known alive at follow-up, 22 were not lame, and 18 had returned to their intended use (8 and 10 at higher and lower owner-reported levels of work, respectively). Horses undergoing arthrodesis for reasons other than fracture were significantly more likely to return to their previous level of work. Twenty-two of 24 owners contacted indicated satisfaction with the procedure.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Surgical arthrodesis of the PIPJ was successful in most horses of the study population. Various nuances of the system for fracture repair need to be understood prior to its use.