bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of possessive construction in Kurdish and Hungarian from a cognitive perspective
Authors: Hasar Rahman Veisi , Naghshbandi Zaniar
Published: July 2021

The present paper seeks to investigate the characteristics of possessive constructions in Kurdish (the Central variety also known as Sorani) and Hungarian from a cognitive viewpoint. Starting with nominal possessive constructions, which include attenuated possessors and nominal possessees, we will argue that both Kurdish and Hungarian make use of essentially similar typological strategies to encode the possessive relationship. Moreover, the defining characteristics of nominal possessive constructions in both languages will be justifiably accounted for through the same lines of cognitive argumentation in terms of Langacker's reference-point model (2008, 2009). However, a different cognitive treatment is proposed for cases in which the possessor and the possessee are nominal and linked to each other via an Ezafe. We will argue that Ezafe, which links the nominal head to its dependents in a Noun Phrase (Qharib et al. 1971; Moiin 1984; Ghomeshi 1997; Lotfi 2014), evokes an intrinsic asymmetric relationship between the possessor as the landmark and the possessee as the trajector. As the second major type of possessive constructions elaborated on in this paper, the predicative possessive is first classified into topic-possessive andbe-possessive categories. Despite their subtle structural differences, it is again shown that both Kurdish and Hungarian employ almost similar clausal patterns to form both categories of predicative possessives, and the same cognitive models can be brought into play to account for their underlying characteristics. The final section of the present paper is devoted to the so-called ergative constructions in Kurdish. Seeking to propose a new cognitive approach to account for the peculiarities of the non-accusative alignment, we will argue that the so-called ergative constructions in Kurdish are conceptually linked to predicative possessive constructions.
Range extension of the Central American Red Brocket, Mazama temama (Kerr, 1792) (Artiodactyla, Cervidae), in Colombia
Authors: Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Ossa-López Paula Andrea , Lasso-Lasso Luis , Rivera-Páez Fredy A. , Roncancio-Duque Néstor , Escobedo-Morales Luis A. , Maldonado Jesús E.
Published: July 2021

Mazama temama (Kerr, 1792) is a representative species of the northern Neotropics, but the geographic range limits for this species remain unclear. We report the southernmost record of M. temama from the southwestern Colombian Andes, increasing the previously known range of this species by more than 300 km. We obtained a cytochrome gene sequence (849 bp) which is 95% identical to samples from Mexico. This record raises the need for extensive sampling to obtain more complete information about the distribution of M. temama in northern Colombia.
Considering medical missions in all its different forms – a viewpoint from the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Nungarai Nyalpi , Paul Matthew , John Nathan G , Goh Wei-Leong
Published: July 2021

Whereas some medical missionaries may already have moved away from “traditional” models of medical mission, in the experience of the authors from the Asia-Pacific region, many potential medical missionaries in the region still imagine a stereotypical generalist medical missionary who runs a mission hospital.
The authors argue that with the economic and socio-political development of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in recent decades, the landscape for medical missions has changed. Hence, contemporary medical missionaries should be well-advised to have specialist qualifications and be more likely to teach, mentor, and do research rather than only doing hands-on clinical work. Professionalism and quality, rather than “make-do,” should be the norm. There are more opportunities to partner with and strengthen existing local institutions rather than setting up a Christian health service. Furthermore, mission opportunities may be available in academia, government, or secular organisations, including places where Christianity has a hostile reception. Multi-disciplinary expertise and collaboration within health services are increasingly important and provide another opportunity for missions. Medical missionaries may also come from other LMICs, or from within the same country. Job-sharing, self-funding, or fly-in-fly-out, may be a viable and legitimate means of sending more medical missionaries.
These non-traditional models of medical mission that incorporate a diversity of approaches, but without sacrificing the “traditional” missional values and practices, should allow even more people to serve in medical missions. The purpose of this paper is to survey this topic in hope of stimulating discussions on non-traditional medical mission opportunities in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.
The Faith-Based Advantage: A Case Study on the Adventist Development & Relief Agency’s Response to Humanitarian Impacts of COVID-19 as a Faith-Based Organization
Authors: Hirata Emily , Peach Michael , Tobing Sharon
Published: July 2021

Large-scale health emergencies like COVID-19 oftentimes result in widespread humanitarian impacts. Due to their long-standing relationships and involvement within local communities, along with extensive networks and support from faith-affiliated institutions, faith-based NGOs carry a unique advantage in reaching the most vulnerable during such crises. The Adventist Development & Relief Agency’s (ADRA) experience during its global COVID-19 response showcases how keeping a local presence in-country and fostering partnerships with affiliated faith institutions and constituents can result in a wide reach of programming. By providing dedicated personnel and small seed-funding, developing a flexible global strategy involving strong business continuity plans and emphasis on its faith base, and supporting the sharing of information and lessons learned among local offices, faith-based NGOs are capable of quickly delivering life-saving interventions to vulnerable communities. ADRA and the affiliated Seventh-day Adventist Church have proved during the first year of COVID-19 that they are stronger together, highlighting the importance of utilizing a faith base when implementing humanitarian interventions.
OPTIMIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION DUE TO SYSTEM-TECHNICAL AND LOGISTIC APPROACHES
Authors: ARUTIUNIAN I. A. , ARUTIUNIAN Ye. E.
Published: July 2021

Goal. Study of methodological and practical aspects of the development and functioning of the construction industry using the platform of logistics and systems engineering tools as a modern basis for solving organizational and technological problems, taking into account the transformation of market conditions in the construction sector. Methodology. Construction plays an important role in the complex economic system of Ukraine. The current state of construction requires significant changes and reforms, which are able to activate the development of one of the most significant sectors of the country. The way out of the difficult situation is the use of modern approaches on the platform of logistics tools and systems engineering, this will lead to an improvement in the organization of construction production, due to effective management of material flows, and will make it possible to reduce the production cost of construction and installation works, and timely commissioning of facilities. Results. This work reflects the scientifically substantiated results of the introduction of logistics and systems engineering as modern innovative platforms for solving organizational and technological problems of increasing the efficiency of the construction sector. The management of the triad of construction processes (organization, technology, economics) is determined, taking into account the logistic and systems-technical approaches. Scientific novelty. A theoretical and methodological direction has been formed, on the basis of a modern tool of Logistics and Systems Engineering, for solving organizational and technological problems of construction production, taking into account the effective management of material flows, which allows to reduce the production cost of construction and installation works and timely commissioning of facilities. The presented model reflects the unity of the entire intersystem cycle: raw materials – transport – production – distribution – demand – floating prices. Practical significance. The use of modern approaches on the platform of logistics and systems engineering tools, which makes it possible to form a mechanism for choosing rational management approaches aimed at solving organizational and technological problems of construction production taking into account the transformation of market conditions. The model has proven its high efficiency, removed all difficulties in the practical implementation of the tasks of organizational and technical development of construction production, the method can be used to solve similar problems in other regions of Ukraine.
Forest restoration in the floodplains of the Amazon estuary subjected to intensive açaí management
Authors: Carvalho Rosileia da Costa , Alves Lívia de Freitas Navegantes , Carneiro Renan do Vale
Published: July 2021

Abstract The expansion and intensification of açaí management in floodplain forests of the Amazonian estuary have resulted in changes in floristic composition and in biodiversity losses, causing problems to ecosystems and endangering livelihoods of riverine communities. These transformations have prompted the need for forest restoration. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze forest recovery initiatives carried out in floodplain forests previously subjected to intensive açaí management in the Amazonian estuary. Methods included structured interviews and questionnaires. Results reveled the following restoration types: 1) area enrichment: subtype 1 - high floodplain forest (7.89%) and subtype 2 - low floodplain forest (44.75%); 2) directing natural regeneration of native species (34.21%); 3) cultivation of native species (13.15%). Results suggest that forest restoration efforts can promote sustainable production of açaí, productive diversity, ecosystem conservation and generate income for riverine families.
Demystifying ophidism: bridging school and society to develop educational resources
Authors: Costa Mikaelle Kaline Bezerra da , Araújo Magnólia Fernandes Florêncio , Campos Rita , Freire Eliza Maria Xavier
Published: July 2021

Abstract Schools are inseparable from communities, and learning should empower students and the community to think and act on issues that affect them. In the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga, snake bites are a health issue. Negative beliefs and poor knowledge about snakes seed harmful attitudes, leading to high frequencies of snake bites and problems to conservation of these animals. Thus, we question whether the development of scientific and environmental education content using teaching strategies that valued the prior knowledge of local communities and context-related information could help to overcome beliefs and reduce accidents. The evaluation of this content showed positive changes in the perception of snakes and in the acquisition of new knowledge about these animals, and of prevention and post-bite actions, indicating that the adopted strategy supports science learning, contributing to both public health and conservation of snakes.
Médicos, enfermeras y pacientes: entre las contradicciones, la incertidumbre y las carencias en tiempo de covid-19 en México
Authors: Agostoni Claudia
Published: July 2021

Resumen La pandemia de covid-19 puso al descubierto las innumerables carencias que durante décadas han formado parte del inequitativo y fragmentado sistema nacional de salud. Las siguientes reflexiones tienen como propósito central enunciar la fragilidad en la que labora el personal de salud en México, al igual que las contradictorias declaraciones que han acompañado el desarrollo de la pandemia en el país, una conjunción de elementos que han acentuado la incertidumbre frente a la nueva enfermedad y su manejo.
Las epidemias en La Pampa (Argentina), en perspectiva histórica*
Authors: Di Liscia María Silvia
Published: July 2021

Resumen Este artículo describe el inicio de las preocupaciones sanitarias vinculadas a las epidemias ocurridas durante el siglo XX en La Pampa, provincia argentina. Las epidemias, como las de la viruela, fueron un estímulo para estas políticas que frecuentemente tuvieron origen en Buenos Aires, la capital del país. El contagio de muchas epidemias dependía de carencias de infraestructura: agua, desagüe y desecho adecuado de basuras, de la ausencia de un número suficiente de trabajadores de salud, de la presencia de vectores transmisores de enfermedades como los mosquitos y, en última instancia, de la pobreza. La experiencia histórica descrita en este texto resalta la importancia de analizar el impacto del SARS-CoV-2 más allá de las grandes ciudades.
Phase Separation of MAGI2-Mediated Complex Underlies Formation of Slit Diaphragm Complex in Glomerular Filtration Barrier
Authors: Zhang Haijiao , Lin Lin , Liu Jianping , Pan Lifeng , Lin Zhijie , Zhang Mingjie , Zhang Jiong , Cao Ying , Zhu Jinwei , Zhang Rongguang
Published: July 2021

Significance Statement

Slit diaphragms between podocytes play a critical role in maintaining the filtration function in kidney. At each slit diaphragm there is an electron-dense junctional plaque crucial for slit diaphragm integrity and podocyte signal transduction. However, the molecular basis underlying slit diaphragm assembly is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that MAGI2, a unique MAGUK family scaffold protein at slit diaphragm, can autonomously undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. Multivalent interactions among the MAGI2-Dendrin-CD2AP complex drive the formation of the slit diaphragm condensates at physiologic conditions. The reconstituted slit diaphragm condensates can effectively enrich Nephrin. A nephrotic syndrome–associated mutation of MAGI2 interferes with slit diaphragm condensate formation, leading to impaired recruitment of Nephrin. Therefore, the electron-dense slit diaphragm assembly might form via phase separation of the slit diaphragm complex.

Background

Slit diaphragm is a specialized adhesion junction between the opposing podocytes, establishing the final filtration barrier to urinary protein loss. At the cytoplasmic insertion site of each slit diaphragm there is an electron-dense and protein-rich cellular compartment that is essential for slit diaphragm integrity and signal transduction. Mutations in genes that encode components of this membrane-less compartment have been associated with glomerular diseases. However, the molecular mechanism governing formation of compartmentalized slit diaphragm assembly remains elusive.

Methods

We systematically investigated the interactions between key components at slit diaphragm, such as MAGI2, Dendrin, and CD2AP, through a combination of biochemical, biophysical, and cell biologic approaches.

Results

We demonstrated that MAGI2, a unique MAGUK family scaffold protein at slit diaphragm, can autonomously undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. Multivalent interactions among the MAGI2-Dendrin-CD2AP complex drive the formation of the highly dense slit diaphragm condensates at physiologic conditions. The reconstituted slit diaphragm condensates can effectively recruit Nephrin. A nephrotic syndrome–associated mutation of MAGI2 interfered with formation of the slit diaphragm condensates, thus leading to impaired enrichment of Nephrin.

Conclusions

Key components at slit diaphragm (e.g., MAGI2 and its complex) can spontaneously undergo phase separation. The reconstituted slit diaphragm condensates can be enriched in adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal adaptor proteins. Therefore, the electron-dense slit diaphragm assembly might form via phase separation of core components of the slit diaphragm in podocytes.
1869 Maarif Nizamnamesi’ne Göre Osmanlı Devleti’nin Azınlık ve Yabancı Okulları Denetim Altına Alma Girişimleri
Authors: POLAT Habibe
Published: July 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nin tüm alanlarda olduğu gibi eğitimde de merkezî modele geçme girişimleri II. Mahmut (1808-1839) döneminden itibaren başlamıştır. Eğitim kurumları, gerek ıslah edilerek gerekse yerine yeni kurumlar getirilerek kontrol edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Tanzimat Dönemi ile beraber bu girişimler daha da hız kazanmıştır. Özellikle 1857’de Maarif Nezaretinin teşkil edilmesiyle Osmanlı toprakları üzerindeki bütün eğitim kurumları tek bir çatı altında toplanmıştır. Batılı anlamda eğitim modellerinin benimsenmesi ile modern eğitim kurumlarının niteliğinin değiştiği görülmektedir. II. Abdülhamid (1876-1909) dönemi de Tanzimat kararlarının uygulandığı bir dönemdir. 1869’da Maârif Nizamnamesi ile eğitim sistemi modernleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Nizamname ile Maarif Nezareti bünyesinde her öğretim derecesi için vilayet merkezlerinde birer maarif müdürlüğü ve meclis oluşturulmuş, sancak ve kazalarda maarif meclisi şubeleri teşkil edilmiştir. Böylece taşrada eğitimin teftişi daha mümkün hale gelmiştir. Özellikle sayıları giderek artan ve özel okullar adı altında açılan gayrimüslim cemaat okulları ve yabancı okulların denetimi kolaylaşmıştır. Bu çalışma, bu okullarda işlenen derslerin ve ders kitaplarının teftişi meselesinin boyutlarına odaklanmıştır.
Özbek Masallarında Halk Hekimliği Uygulamaları
Authors: ALPTEKİN Zeynep Dilek
Published: July 2021

Halk anlatıları, içerisinde oluştuğu toplumlara ait kültürel unsurları barındıran ve halk kültürünün devamlılığını sağlayan halka mal olmuş ürünlerdir. Halk kültürünün gelecek nesillere aktarıcısı niteliğine sahip olan halk anlatıları, bir nev’i kültürün repertuvarı görevindedir. Öyle ki halk anlatısı adını verdiğimiz mit, destan, masal, efsane, fıkra ve halk hikâyeleri metinlerinde doğumdan başlanarak ölüme kadar geçen süreçteki halk kültürüne ait birçok unsurdan kesitler görebiliriz. Diğer halk anlatıları ve masalların esasını oluşturan bu unsurlara motif adı verilir. Masal motifleri evrensel bir yapıya sahip olmakla birlikte masalın yayıldığı coğrafyaya ait unsurları da bünyesinde barındırabilir. Bu unsurlardan birisi de halk hekimliği uygulamalarıdır.

Bu çalışmada, Hüseyin Baydemir (2004) tarafından Özbekistan sahasından seçilmiş 70 masal metninde geçen halk hekimliği uygulamaları tespit edilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği bu çalışmada doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada halk hekimliği konusunun Özbek Masalları’ndaki yeri metinlerden tespit edilen örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir.
20. Yüzyılda Osmanlı Toprakları Üzerinde Kurulan Nişantaşı İngiliz Erkek Mektebi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KARA Abdullah , ÇAVDAROĞLU Mustafa
Published: July 2021

Yabancı okullar, Osmanlı devletinde Avrupalılara ticari alanda ayrıcalıklar verilmesi ve zamanla bu ayrıcalıkların kalıcı olması neticesinde açılma imkânı bulmuşlardır. Osmanlı topraklarında faaliyet gösteren yabancı okullar ilk olarak Fransızlar daha sonra ise İngilizler tarafından açılmışlardır. Daha önce İstanbul İngiliz Erkek Lisesi ile ilgili, Metin Ünver “Osmanlı Devletinde ’ki İngiliz Ticaretinin Almanya karşısında gerilemesi tartışmaları bağlamında İstanbul’da İngiliz Erkek Lisesinin kuruluşu” adlı çalışma ile Osmanlı toprakları üzerinde yabancı devletlerin ekonomik anlamda nüfuz sahibi olabilmek için rekabet aracı olarak açılan okullar bağlamında değerlendirmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise konumuzun temelini teşkil eden Nişantaşı İngiliz Erkek Mektebi adlı çalışmanın orijinali olan “Zükura Mahsus İngiliz Mektebi” başlıklı Osmanlıca belge bağlamında okulun açılışı, öğrenci kabul şartları, yapısı, okul teşkilatı ve öğretilen dersler, ders içerikleri gibi bilgileri verip bu bilgiler değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bilgiler Başbakanlık Osmanlı arşivinde konu ile ilgili arşiv belgeleri ile desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile eğitim tarihi alanında yapılan çalışmalara katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Primary surgery effect on dental arch relationships of patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate using the GOSLON yardstick index
Authors: Ghabrial Emad , Van den Berg Hester JS , Du Plessis Susanna M
Published: July 2021

To score dental arch development using the Great Ormond Street, London, and Oslo (GOSLON) yardstick index, following primary surgery in patients with a complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and to compare the outcome score with the GOSLON score of Cleft Care UK (CCUK) as well as with the Clinical Standards Advisory Group (CSAG), United Kingdom.Study models of patients (average age 12 years) with a non-syndromic complete UCLP, who had been surgically treated at the University of Pretoria Facial Cleft Deformity (UPFCD) clinic. They were assessed using the GOSLON yardstick index by certified raters from the Dental School in Dundee, Scotland. The mean outcome ratings were calculated from the scoring of 27 sets of plaster models. The other scoring rounds were used to calculate intraand inter-observer agreement using Cohen's weighted kappa and Fleiss's multi-rater kappa. There were strong intra- and inter-observer agreement, with a weighted kappa of 0.92. The Facial Cleft Deformity (FCD) clinic data showed a good treatment outcome with a mean GOSLON rating of 2.85 compared to a rating of 3.2 for the CSAG and 2.62 for the CCUK cohort studies. The UPFCD clinic primary surgical protocol displayed a good treatment outcome rating, in line with that of the CCUK cohort and better than the CSAG results.
Groundwater resources monitoring during unconventional oil and gas extraction: South African laboratory analytical capabilities
Authors: Azwifaneli Mulovhedzi  , Surina Esterhuyse
Published: July 2021

Groundwater resource quality monitoring before, during, and after unconventional oil and gas (UOG) extraction would assist in protecting groundwater resources. Limited laboratory analytical capacity may, however, hamper effective monitoring. We assessed South African (SA) laboratory analytical capabilities for specific groundwater monitoring parameters relevant to UOG extraction. We found a limited capacity to analyse for most of the UOG extraction–related groundwater monitoring parameters and that most of the surveyed laboratories are not planning to increase their analyses capacity to cater for UOG extraction. This issue must be addressed urgently if SA wants to proceed with UOG extraction. Policy recommendations include that South Africa should develop a specialised UOG extraction monitoring laboratory to cater for analytical needs. Such capacity could also address the analytical requirements for the rest of the African region during UOG extraction.
Standardisation of alien invasive Australian redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus sampling gear in Africa
Authors: TC Madzivanzira  , J South  , T Nhiwatiwa  , OLF Weyl
Published: July 2021

Freshwater crayfish are damaging invaders across southern Africa; however, monitoring techniques and efforts are disparate across the region as different sampling methods have been used. To develop a standard method for assessing redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus abundance, a survey was conducted to assess for differences in detection and catch per unit effort (CPUE) in Lake Kariba. Two sampling approaches were compared: opera traps baited with cooked maize meal historically used in crayfish surveys in Zimbabwe, and Promar collapsible traps baited with dry dog food, which have been used for assessments in South Africa and Swaziland. Baits were compared in the Barotse Floodplain in Zambia using the Promar trap. Detection probability (Pcapture) and CPUE were significantly lower for opera traps baited with cooked maize meal (Pcapture = 0.41; CPUE = 1.19 ± 0.24 ind.·trap-1·night-1) compared to the Promar traps baited with dry dog food (Pcapture = 0.67; CPUE = 4.53 ± 0.82 ind·trap-1·night-1). The Pcapture and CPUE for Promar traps baited with dog food (Pcapture = 0.89; CPUE = 4.29 ± 0.83 ind·trap-1·night-1) was significantly higher than for maize meal baited traps (Pcapture = 0.29; CPUE = 0.25 ± 0.17 ind·trap-1·night-1). Sex ratio and carapace length of crayfish sampled did not differ between sampling methods. Due to higher CPUE, the authors consider the Promar collapsible trap baited with dog food approach as the better method for determining crayfish population abundance and suggest that comparisons of abundance take this into consideration by applying conversion factors if different methods are applied.
Global Length–Length Relationships for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
Authors: VILIZZI Lorenzo , TARKAN Ali Serhan
Published: July 2021

A review is provided of length–length relationships (LLR) for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) at the global scale. In total, 16 studies were retrieved from a comprehensive literature search that provided LLR for C. carpio populations from 26 water bodies consisting of rivers, lakes and reservoirs across nine countries in four continents. There was large variation in LLR, which were available for all six possible combinations of total, fork and standard length, due to the wide range of fish sizes measured. This is the first study that provides LLR for C. carpio that can be used as a reference base for future age-growth and population dynamics studies on this species.
Geopolítica en la triple frontera de Cachemira: Conflictos entre China, Pakistán e India
Authors: Solórzano Tello Octavio Alonso , Portador García Teresa de Jesús
Published: July 2021

El artículo aborda desde una perspectiva histórica y geopolítica los conflictos pasados y actuales entre China, Paquistán e India en la triple frontera de Cachemira, resaltando su particularidad como zona geoestratégica. Analiza los enfrentamientos militares y desencuentros entre China e India; desarrollando un marco histórico interpretativo que otorga elementos para comprender la relevancia de las conflictividades en la región. Examina detalladamente la disputa que sostienen India y Paquistán, como parte del legado británico, donde destacan las diferencias étnicas como factor clave para comprender la profundidad del problema. Analiza cómo los conflictos en Cachemira pueden ser un elemento que orille al mecanismo de los BRICS y la Nueva Ruta de la Seda a un posible naufragio. El incremento de los conflictos involucraría aún más a Rusia, Estados Unidos, Japón, Australia e Israel, entre otros.
ICT Augmented Gravity Model Application: Sector Level Analysis of the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Mehmood Bilal , Arif Malik Azka , Khalid Rabia
Published: July 2021

The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in commerce improves the commercial structure and economic capacity of a country. This study empirically assesses the impact of ICTs on international trade in 36 countries in Asia and the Pacific, at the sectoral level, between 2007 and 2018. The study evaluates whether ICTs improve international trade by hiring the gravity model of international trade and increasing it with the ICT variable. An ICT development indicator (IDI) is formed by joining seven different ICT variables that show ICT infrastructure, use, and skills. Using the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimation technique, this study shows that ICTs improve trade by reducing transaction costs. The findings reveal that information and communication technology positively and significantly influence international trade in all sectors of the Asia-Pacific region, and that trade intensifies when both trading partners have a high endowment of information and communications technology. The study recommends that governments in developing countries upgrade their ICT infrastructure levels.
Signalling and Legitimacy Theories for Explaining Climate Information Disclosure by Russian Companies
Authors: Fedorova Elena , Martynova Maria
Published: July 2021

This paper studies the factors influencing the level of climate-related disclosure by Russian companies. It has several distinctive features in comparison to previous works: 1) climate change disclosure by Russian companies is studied for the first time; 2) textual analysis is used to evaluate the level of disclosure, and a new Russian glossary on climate change is compiled; 3) a unique set of indicators is used to assess the impact of factors on climate change disclosure. Legitimacy and signalling theories are used to formulate the hypotheses.

The sample consists of 47 Russian companies with the largest market capitalization. Their 235 annual and sustainability reports for 2015-2019 are analysed. Using regression analysis, we show that a company’s absolute amount of greenhouse gas emissions, size, industry affiliation, and CDPrating positively affect its level of disclosure about climate change. In contrast, state ownership and a high debt burden have a negative impact. At the same time, the newness of assets, capital expenditures, interest coverage and company growth opportunities have no effect on climate change disclosure. Empirical results have confirmed the applicability of legitimacy theory to the Russian market. The present study will provide investors and regulators with tools for predicting a company’s impact on climate based on its level of climate change disclosure.
INVESTIGATION OF PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS IN EXPERIMENTAL RENAL ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION DAMAGE
Authors: ŞİRİNYILDIZ Ferhat , CESUR Gökhan
Published: July 2021

Objective

Ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is caused by a sudden

and temporary impairment of blood flow to a particular

organ or tissue. Renal IR-induced kidney damage causes

high levels of permanent damage and mortality.

Dietary omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects and are used as protective

agents.

Materials and Methods

In the study; Protective effects of different doses of

omega-3 fatty acid in ischemia reperfusion injury were

investigated by biochemical and histological analyzes.

40 adult female rats were divided into 5 groups

as sham control, IR, IR+100, IR+400, IR+700 (n:8).

The right kidney was removed by nephrectomy in the

sham control group, and the left kidney was not treated.

For IR injury; the right kidney was removed by

nephrectomy, and the left kidney was clamped. Omega-

3 fatty acids of 100 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 700 mg/

kg were administered by gastric gavage to the treatment

groups for 14 days before the surgery and for

15. gastric gavage was administrated in the morning

of the operation.

Results

According these data; with application of omega-3,

histopathological examination results were correlated.

It is found that, histopathological results were

supported by biochemical results. There was a significant

decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase

(MPO) levels in the treated groups, while

catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)

levels were detected to be increased.

Conclusion

It was concluded that administration of omega-3 fatty

acids beforehand in cases that may cause ischemia

and reperfusion damage in the kidney can provide a

protective effect on this tissue.
Cyberbullying Prevention: Which Design Features Foster the Effectiveness of School-Based Programs? : A Meta-Analytic Approach
Authors: Hajnal Áron
Published: July 2021

Cyberbullying is a global phenomenon that affects 10-40 percent of youth (Hinduja and Patchin, 2014) and has severe consequences such as depression, anxiety or suicidal thoughts. There is a large and growing body of literature discussing and assessing programs aimed at preventing cyberbullying, to which the present article aims to contribute. My purpose was to examine whether prevention programs applying certain features – in particular, social-emotional learning, whole-school approach, mentoring and education on online safety and cyberbullying – are more effective than others. This ambition is novel in the cyberbullying literature. The analysis is based on the results of 23 impact evaluation articles that examined 15 school-based cyberbullying prevention programs or program variants. It was found that programs including social-emotional learning and mentoring are more effective in reducing perpetration, whereas those including education on e-safety and cyberbullying are more effective in reducing victimization. Policy implications and the limitations of the study are also discussed.
Embarrassing Stories : Legal Storytelling and Sociology of Law
Authors: H. Szilágyi István
Published: July 2021

‘Legal storytelling’ is one of the most contested area of the interdisciplinary research field of ‘law and literature’, which has taken shape in the political and legal context of the United States originally. The proponents of ‘legal storytelling’ endeavour to ‘give voice’ to groups and minorities of disadvantageous social position by ‘telling’ – by hearing and publicizing, in fact – their stories unheard by law. However, many lawyers doubt that these everyday life, often trivial, stories carry any legally relevant content, while literati question their aesthetical value. The essay argues against these doubts leaning on the material of focus group interviews recorded in a recent research on the Hungarians’ legal consciousness. It aims to expose the important role that these everyday life stories play in legal culture on the one hand, and, on the other hand, that the analysis of these uncanonised, not-belletristic texts could be fruitful indeed. For this, the first part of the essay offers a survey on how the concept of ‘legal culture’ emerged in Hungarian legal theoretical thinking, and how the sociological researches, in which the presented ordinary stories were recorded, connected to that. After analysing several story-bits taken from two focus group participants’ narrations, the attention turns to stories told by the ‘greats’, that is by writers, and here enters Franz Kafka in the scope. The last part of the essay seeks to determine what relates the two kinds – the ordinary and the literary – of narratives and what are the differences between them. For a conclusion, it emphasizes that this essay can be seen only as an intuitive theoretical experience for using aesthetic notions in analysing empirical sociological data rather than a methodologically well-founded application of that. The basic idea of this experiment is that both law and aesthetics are permeated by moral, and social psychological constituents.
A Sin or a Health Issue? : Morality Policy Framing and the State of Harm Reduction in East-Central Europe
Authors: Jeziorska Iga
Published: July 2021

Aims. There are significant differences in harm reduction services availability and performance in various countries. The paper examines the state of one of the harm reduction interventions – needle exchange services – through the lenses of morality policy, attempting to establish possible relationships between policy framing and policy outcomes. Method. The research uses an explorative design with cross-country comparison. The unit of analysis is drug policy in a country, and the geographical scope includes Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, following the maximum variation case selection procedure. Countries’ drug strategies are analysed to identify the policy frames and data on needle exchange programmes are used to assess the state of harm reduction. Results. The analysis identified health and social drug policy framing in Czechia and Slovakia, morality frame in Hungary and no frame in Poland. The availability of availability and coverage of needle exchange programmes is the highest in Czechia, followed by Slovakia, Hungary and Poland. Conclusions. The Hungarian case confirms the relationship between morality framing and poor policy outcomes, while the Czech case between health framing and effective policy. Further research is needed to establish the function of morality framing as necessary and/or sufficient condition for unsatisfactory policy outcomes.
Between supporting and reporting : Grassroots textual responses to the pushbacks at the fringes of EU
Authors: Hameršak Marijana
Published: July 2021

In response to the mass mobilities disruption of the European Union border control regime, numerous self-organized, pro-migrant ad hoc solidarity groups proliferated across Europe. Depending on the local, national, and migratory contexts, these groups employed different methods and practices to support the people on the move and to challenge the inefficient, bureaucratized, discriminatory and securitized modes of action of official, state and humanitarian actors. Some practices that were developed in this framework of grassroots or vernacular humanitarianism with strong solidarity and a volunteer dimension (Brković, 2017; McGee and Pelham, 2017; Rozakou, 2017a; Sandri, 2018) outgrew the initial crisis context and evolved over time into distinctive formats of response to the border restrictions, exclusions, and violence. One of them is still today a lating practice of reporting of pushbacks by grassroots groups active at different locations at the southeastern territorial fringes of the EU. After reviewing the relevant literature and outlining the grassroots, self-organized, humanitarian and human rights background of pushback reports and reporting practices, the author focuses on these reports as a form of writing. Interest in the style, narrtive structure, and positionality of these reports opens questions of their parallels with ethnographic inquiries.
Mapping the field of turbulent changes around the issue of migration in Poland
Authors: Piotrowski Grzegorz
Published: July 2021

The issue of migration had become highly politicized in Poland already before the 2015 elections. The neoconservative Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS) party made it one of the key topics in the electoral campaign both for the parliamentary and for the presidential elections, both of which the party won. Poland has switched from a country with the highest acceptance rate of refugees in the EU to the one with the lowest rate within about a year. The narrative about masses of refugees in Poland and at its borders threatening Polish culture, civilization and identity started to gather momentum and has provoked numerous intended and unintended consequences, political and social. On the one hand such statements and politics have sparked an increase in hate speech and incidents, and violent actions. On the other, as a reaction, there is an observable awakening of the civil society in Poland through more intensified actions of various groups and organizations. Both are outcomes of the situation in which the government and the ruling party take a strong and negative stance on the issue of migrants and refugees. At the same time, anti-racist activism has been instrumentalized as a tool for anti-government struggles, involving new actors into the struggle. The new alliances forged after 2015 are more than interesting and will be described below, based on the empirical research conducted for a comparative research project on anti-racist contention in the Baltic Sea region. I will show particularly the nature of cooperation between grassroots groups (often radical) and the more moderate NGOs, activists (of both stripes) and civil servants as well as politicians; and here point to the specific role of municipalities and the city-level.
The black holes of Lesbos: life and death at Moria camp : Border violence, asylum, and racisms at the edge of postcolonial Europe
Authors: Córdova Morales Edgar
Published: July 2021

The EU-Turkey Deal of 2016 led to the enactment of a restrictive and specific asylum process for the Greek island of Lesbos, making the former Moria camp a detention center for thousands of migrants who failed to access international protection. Based on ethnographic evidence, I analyze and propose that the asylum process in Lesbos—a postcolonial border space under EU interference and control—derives from the colonial system of white supremacy. Based on historical and re-actualized racializations of migrant populations from different countries of the global south, the aim of the Greek asylum process has been to subject migrant populations in Moria to various processes of control, detention, illegalization and ultimately exposure to premature socio-physical death as in black holes: historical spaces of anti-black racism and humanitarian abandonment in the most hidden layers of Moria.
Role of Low Environmental Temperature in Peptic Ulcer Development
Authors:   (PhD), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Ige Serah Funke , Olateju Bolade S. ,   (M.Sc), Department of Physiology, College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria, Oladipupo Victor A. ,   (B.Tech), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Adekola Adedayo T. ,   (B.Tech), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria, Ademilua Oluwaseun B. ,   (B.Tech), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Published: July 2021

Peptic ulcers are described as acid-induced lesions found in the stomach and duodenum caused bythe imbalance between the defending factors of the mucosa and the attacking factors such ashydrochloric acid in gastric juice, with Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs. They exhibit seasonal patterns in their occurrence, with higheroccurrence in winter and spring and a low occurrence in summer. Temperature plays a major role intheir occurrence, some of which have resulted in increased morbidity in some number of diseases,such as gastrointestinal bleeding, caused by an increase in air pressure, dry air (relative humidity)occurring from cold air, and also its actions on the protective effect helicobacter pylori in the humanbody. Their actions excite the adrenal gland marrow and the sympathetic nerve, causing rapidsecretion of adrenaline and non-adrenaline, angiotensin II and endothelin, resulting in damage tothe mucosa epithelial, caused by the contraction effect of the adrenal agents on the duodenalmucosa and blood vessel. It causes low expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR),Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70, Occludin, Nitric Oxide Synthase(NOS), in the gastric mucosa, in extremely cold temperature than those in extremely hottemperature, increasing the gastric acid secretion in extremely cold temperature than in extremelyhot temperature. Therefore, this review aims to give general insight into the role of low temperaturein peptic ulcer development and further consideration in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases.
The European Commission as a Policy Entrepreneur under the European Semester
Authors: Zeilinger Bernhard
Published: July 2021

This article discusses the impact that the reforms of the European Union’s economic governance since 2011 have had on the European Commission’s role as a policy entrepreneur. Particular attention is paid to mechanisms that are applied by the Commission to extend its scope beyond its given formal competences to shape national reform agendas. The research interest is based on the assumption that the Commission is a ‘competence-maximising rational actor’ (Pollack, 1997), whose primary organisational goals are to expand the scope of Community competence and increase the Commission’s own standing within the policy process. Accordingly, this research contributes to the scholarly debate by identifying mechanisms applied by the Commission under the European Semester to shape European and national reform agendas in areas of sovereign policymaking competences of the member states.
Construction of the Definition of the Category “Legal Support for Food Safety” using the Method of Two-Level Triadic Decryption
Authors: Makhmudova A. S.
Published: July 2021

In a modern state, in the context of the growing complexity of socio-economic relations caused by globalization, social relations are rapidly developing, which necessitates deep theoretical understanding and new approaches to the formation of a legal structure (model) “legal support for food safety”. The paper proposes the author’s approach to the construction of definitions of the category “legal support for food safety” based on the use of categorical-system methodology. In the process of constructing the definition, the author analyzes the content of the research. The author applies the general scientific universal cognitive tool, i.e. the method of twolevel triadic deciphering, defines the fundamental elements of the phenomenon of legal provision of food safety and determines the interrelationship between them. Based on this analysis, the conclusion was formulated that the category “legal support for food safety” is deciphered, at the first level, as the concept of “legal support” in general terms, which refers to the legal field, and, at the second level, in relation to a specific scope of application as “food safety.”
The Mechanism of Recognition and Withdrawal of Unregistered Medical Devices from Circulation
Authors: Bondarenko A. G. , Chimbireva A. A.
Published: July 2021

The paper is devoted to the study of issues related to the powers of Roszdravnadzor to identify unregistered medical devices in circulation and to take response measures to limit their further sale and use by business entities. The authors analyze the features of the implementation of these powers of Roszdravnadzor and the problems arising in law enforcement practice. An analysis of the current Russian legislation leads the authors of the article to the conclusion that the legal regulation of the powers of Roszdravnadzor to recognize the products as unregistered and to make administrative decisions to restrict their circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation is insufficient and contradictory. The lack of proper legal regulation in this area entails negative legal consequences for participants in civil turnover. On the basis of the study, the authors formulates specific proposals for improving the legal regulation of the recognition and withdrawal from circulation of unregistered medical devices using mechanisms of preliminary and subsequent administrative (extrajudicial) and judicial control.
Property Rights to Land Plots in the Russian Federation and Great Britain: Dogmatic Approach against Pragmatism
Authors: Semyakina A. V.
Published: July 2021

Comparison of the phenomenon of property rights in two unrelated legal systems is an interesting task from the point of view of methodology. A simplifying factor is that English law in its origins was strongly influenced by Roman law, but developed apart from continental legal systems. As a result, using the same terminology in the field of property rights in the Russian Federation and Great Britain, different views have been formed on the nature of property rights to land plots. The paper analyzes the legal structures of real law in both countries and achieves the goal of clarifying the content of controversial terms and classifications existing in the real law of the Russian Federation; taking into account foreign experience the author determines the prospects for the development of domestic concepts of real and absolute rights. The admissibility of comparing property rights to land plots is predetermined by the use of similar legal techniques in both countries, as well as terminology borrowed from Roman law. The paper substantiates the thesis on the admissibility of using the analytical concept of law of W. N. Hochfeld as a comparative legal method of research. Fundamental differences in both legal systems will be in the idea of the object of property rights to land plots, the place of property rights in the classification of rights, in the structure and content of the corresponding legal relationship. Taking into account the analysis of the legal regulation of property rights to land plots in the two countries, theoretical provisions substantiate the conclusion about the need to preserve the idea of the absolute nature of property rights in domestic law.