bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wavelet Analysis With Different Frequency GPR Antennas for Bridge Health Assessment
Authors: Kilic Gokhan , Unluturk Mehmet S.
Published: September 2015

This study presents an examination and a presentation of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) on a heavily used high-speed railway bridge in Turkey. This study also considers GPR mapping using two different antennas (2 GHz and 500 MHz), and their reliability in terms of locating subsurface features, such as rebar (lower and upper reinforcement) and the presence of moisture. Moreover, GPR interesting results in terms of the structural crack locations by detecting discontinuities and breakdowns in the wavelets' travel with the incorporation of wavelet analysis into the process of the collected raw data of the high-speed railway bridge under survey. This study promotes the GPR and the wavelet analyses in the health monitoring and assessment of bridge structures. By increasing insight into the kinds of structural deterioration that can occur in structures, such as high-speed railway bridges, this study also has implications for the process of tool selection in structural inspection. The wavelet analysis can be used as an effective tool in analyzing and presenting the results of the GPR survey.
Three-Point Bending Fracture Behavior of Cracked Giant Magnetostrictive Materials Under Magnetic Fields
Authors: Narita Fumio , Shikanai Koji , Shindo Yasuhide , Mori Kotaro
Published: September 2015

This paper numerically and experimentally investigated the three-point bending fracture behavior of cracked giant magnetostrictive materials under magnetic fields. Three-point bending fracture tests were carried out using the single-edge precracked-beam (SEPB) specimens, and the fracture loads were measured under magnetic fields. The crack was created normal to the direction of easy magnetization. Plane strain finite element analysis (FEA) was also performed, and the effect of magnetic fields on the energy release rate and on the apparent fracture toughness (critical energy release rate obtained using the fracture load) was discussed in detail. To the author's knowledge, this work is the first attempt to study the effect of magnetic fields on the fracture behavior of giant magnetostrictive materials.
Measurement of Properties of Cutting Fluids With CAPB (Vegetable Based Emulsifier)
Authors: Srikant R. R. , Venkata Ramana V. S. N.
Published: September 2015

Cutting fluids have been used in machining for over two centuries. However, different environmental issues associated with them have limited their application. Although vegetable based cutting fluids are formulated, vegetable based emulsifier is not found in the literature. In the present work, cutting fluids containing both vegetable based emulsifier and vegetable oil were formulated and different properties of the formulated fluids were measured as per ASTM standards to estimate the applicability of the fluids in machining.
Statistics, Structure, and Style in Music
Authors: Krumhansl Carol Lynne
Published: September 2015

This essay begins by reviewing issues in psychological measurement that motivated some of the research summarized in Cognitive Foundations of Musical Pitch (Krumhansl, 1990). These were challenges to geometrical models of similarity, asymmetrical measures of similarity, and contextual effects. It then considers the impact that statistical learning has had on research and theory about music cognition, suggesting this emphasis may have underestimated the importance of other psychological processes contributing to the experience of music. Finally, it discusses three problems with traditional analyses using unidimensional, sequential statistics. The first is that music is hierarchical, with important relationships between non-adjacent events. The second is that the dimensions of music, specifically, pitch and time, interact. The third is the assumption that probabilities remain constant throughout a composition. Rather, music contains artful deviations from normative probabilities contributing to the experience of tension and release.
Listening, Imagining, Performing
Authors: Palmer Caroline
Published: September 2015

Melody has been defined as a distinct perceptual unit that exhibits stability and coherence to listeners and performers. These psychological processes (distinctiveness, stability, coherence) contribute to the foundations of three theories of music cognition (Bregman, 1990; Krumhansl, 1990; Narmour, 1990), yet several mysteries still exist in the human experience of melody. From early exposure to lullabies and brief exposures in advertising jingles, to the full-length concert exposure of complex musical works, listeners’ imagination and focus are captured in unique ways by the experience of melody. People with various amounts of musical training hum, tap, clap, and find other ways of interacting with a melody; they perform to it. Listeners report the experience of a recurring melody playing in their minds (earworms). I discuss neuroscience findings that aid in modeling the fine-level time course of melodic experiences, and address how the listener/performer identifies a melody as distinct in a complex auditory scene, how expectations unfold in implications and realizations that contribute to coherence, and how hierarchical tonal relationships of stability are detected. The life cycle of a melody in the ears, brain, and heart of a listener/performer sheds light on the human experience of music.
The creative process of The Beatles revisited
Authors: Heinonen Yrjö
Published: September 2015

Much of both popular and academic writing about creativity in popular music has been characterized by a conflict between commercial production and artistic creativity. On the one hand, creativity has been explored with reference to the large-scale structure of the popular music industry. On the other hand, much of the writing has been based on a Romantic or individualist notion of creativity, explicit for example in the auteur theory. This line of writing has certainly been popular with respect to The Beatles. Drawing on recent research on creativity in popular music and organizational research, the article challenges this dichotomy by focusing on the interaction between individual creativity and different forms of collaborative creativity in the production of The Beatles’ records.
‘Some kind of innocence’
Authors: Kirkup Mike
Published: September 2015

The Beatles Book had been overlooked in both academic research and popular biographies of the Beatles. Over 77 monthly issues between 1963 and 1979, the magazine told the Beatles story at it happened, giving modern readers a unique chance to follow the story without hindsight. This article looks in detail at the content of the magazine and its historical and social context: its beginnings as a form of ‘pop propaganda’, issues of fandom and the communication between fans and the band and the treatment of the change in the Beatles image in early 1967.
Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of Brachiaria humidicola progenies using a selection index
Authors: Figueiredo Ulisses José de , Nunes José Airton Rodrigues , Valle Cacilda Borges do
Published: September 2015

The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for agronomic and nutritive value traits for leaves and stems of Brachiaria humidicola progenies and to compare the selection using an additive index considering the agronomic traits alone or combined with the main nutritive value traits. Fifty progenies of the cross cv. BRS Tupi x H31 were evaluated. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with eight replications. The forage was cut seven times, at intervals of 30 - 35 days in the rainy season and two intervals of 60 days in the dry season. Trait variability among the progenies was confirmed. The mean progeny heritability ranged from 49.14% to 75.56% for the agronomic and from 19.59% to 71.11% for nutritive value traits. Nine of the ten best lines coincided in the selection for agronomic traits alone and in the selection including the main traits of nutritive value.
Plant breeding at Instituto Agronômico do Paraná: IAPAR
Authors: Moda-Cirino Vânia , Gerage Antonio Carlos , Riede Carlos Roberto , Sera Gustavo Hiroshi , Takahashi Mário , Abbud Nelson Salim , Nazareno Nilceu Ricetti Xavier de , Araújo Pedro Mario de , Auler Pedro Martins , Yamaoka Ruy Seigi , Sera Tumoru , Almeida Wilson Paes de
Published: September 2015

The plant breeding program at IAPAR started in 1972, soon after its foundation, and has as main objective the development of superior cultivars with high yield potential, genetic resistance to major biotic and abiotic adverse factors and good nutritional and technological quality. Over these forty years, IAPAR has made available to farmers 184 cultivars of different species, resulting in an increase in the productivity, greater availability of food, decrease in environmental impacts, addition of value to agricultural properties and life improvement of farmers and consumers. Thus, the institution fulfills its mission of generating technology, contributing to the development of agriculture in Paraná and in other parts of Brazil, since many of the cultivars developed are used in different regions of the country.
Breeders' work after cultivar development: the stage of recommendation
Authors: Federizzi Luiz Carlos , Carbonell Sérgio Augusto Morais , Pacheco Marcelo Teixeira , Nava Itamar Cristiano
Published: September 2015

The development of new cultivars is the ultimate goal of breeding programs and is the result of many years of hard work and dedication of breeders and their teams. An important part of the process, often neglected by geneticists, is the stage from recommendation to the production of breeder seed (post-breeding). This paper discusses the role of the breeder in the recommendation, registration, protection and marketing of new cultivars. The breeder's active participation in all phases of post-breeding is fundamental to ensure that the cultivar reaches farmers quickly and can provide the benefits expected by society.
Contribution of the universities to the development of field crop cultivars
Authors: Sediyama Carlos Sigueyuki , Carneiro José Eustáquio de Souza , Fritsche-Neto Roberto , Sediyama Tuneo , Barbosa Márcio Henrique Pereira , Galvão João Carlos Cardoso , Souza Moacil Alves de
Published: September 2015

Public and private research institutions employ their best efforts to produce new cultivars, which are intended to ensure productivity, reduce ecological footprint and present characteristics that meet consumer expectations. Some Brazilian universities, which are usually originated from schools of higher education in agriculture, have contributed to the breeding of some crops. These universities also aimed to solve the problems of the Brazilian agricultural sector, and became essential tool to make Brazil an important player in the agribusiness world. In the last decades, regarding the five species presented here, the universities have developed 35 oat cultivars and made the country self-sufficient in this grain; they have also developed cultivars of common beans (27), sugarcane (59), soybean (62), and wheat (03), besides countless corn hybrids, since works in this species date before the establishment of the national cultivar registration system.
Classification of Cleft Lip/Palate: Then and Now
Authors: Allori Alexander C. , Mulliken John B. , Meara John G. , Shusterman Stephen , Marcus Jeffrey R.
Published: September 2015

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is phenotypically diverse, making classification difficult. This article explores the evolution of ideas regarding CL/P classification and includes the schemes described by Davis and Ritchie (1922) , Brophy (1923) , Veau (1931) , Fogh-Andersen (1943), Kernahan and Stark (1958) , Harkins et al. (1962) , Broadbent et al. (1968), Spina (1973) , and others. Based on these systems, a longhand structured form is proposed for describing CL/P in a way that is clear, comprehensive, and consistent. A complementary shorthand notation is also described to improve the utility and convenience of this structured form.
Invertebrate Seed Predators Reduce Weed Emergence Following Seed Rain
Authors: Blubaugh Carmen K. , Kaplan Ian
Published: September 2015

Weeds are selected to produce overwhelming propagule pressure, and while vertebrate and invertebrate seed predators destroy a large percentage of seeds, their ecosystem services may not be sufficient to overcome germination site limitations. Cover crops are suggested to facilitate seed predation, but it is difficult to disentangle reductions in weed recruitment attributable to granivores from those due to plant competition. Using common lambsquarters as a focal weed species, we used experimental seed subsidies and differential seed predator exclusion to evaluate the utility of vertebrate and invertebrate seed predators in fallow, killed cover crop, and living mulch systems. Over two growing seasons, we found that seed predators were responsible for a 38% reduction in seedling emergence and 81% reduction in weed biomass in fallow plots following simulated seed rain, suggesting that granivory indeed overcomes safe-site limitation and suppresses weeds. However, the common lambsquarters densities in ambient seedbanks across fallow and cover crop treatments were high, and seed predators did not impact their abundance. Across the study, we found either neutral or negative effects of vertebrate seed predators on seed predation, suggesting that invertebrate seed predators contribute most to common lamnsquarters regulation in our system. These results imply that weed seed biocontrol by invertebrates can reduce propagule pressure initially following senescence, but other tools must be leveraged for long-term seedbank management.
Abastecimiento de agua potable en las ciudades de México: el caso de la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara
Authors: Torres-Rodríguez Alicia
Published: September 2015

El abastecimiento de agua potable en México ha seguido un mismo patrón en la gestión de los recursos hídricos privilegiando a las zonas urbanas y a la industria, impactando en su zona de influencia a través del modelo de abastecimiento lejano, el cual no contempla medidas compensatorias para la región de donde se extrae dicho recurso.El objetivo de este documento es analizar el modelo de gestión que tuvo el abastecimiento y distribución del agua en la ciudad de Guadalajara así como la relación con sus principales fuentes de abastecimiento entre 1950 y 2005. Todo ello fue determinante para la transformación de la ciudad en gran metrópoli a partir de las políticas de desarrollo regional que se implementaron para el crecimiento de la ciudad a partir de los recursos hídricos con que contaba la región.El proceso histórico del abastecimiento de agua a la ciudad de Guadalajara, ahora Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG), se realizó a partir de la revisión de documentos históricos, bibliográficos y hemerográficos, y con investigación de campo, documentando cómo se forma la región hidrológica de Guadalajara y el modelo de gestión y distribución del agua en la ZMG, que ha impactado el medio ambiente, no sólo el de su área de influencia sino también el de toda la región, comprometiendo su futuro desarrollo.
La tercera revolución del agua. Urbanización, gestión y contaminación del agua: El caso de Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México, durante el siglo XX
Authors: Casillas-Báez Miguel A.
Published: September 2015

En el presente trabajo hacemos una revisión al abastecimiento de agua en la ciudad de Tepatitlán en Jalisco, México, a lo largo del siglo XX y la primera década del siglo XXI. La gestión del agua se hacía al inicio del siglo XX usando aprovechamientos superficiales, como el río y los pozos superficiales. Mediante la política del Estado mexicano para concentrar población, fue necesaria la construcción de presas que almacenaran el agua suficiente para garantizar el abasto de una mayor población. Con la seguridad de agua, más habitantes eran atraídos por la ciudad, en un contexto geográfico de escasez de agua, puesto que se depende del aprovechamiento del agua de lluvia durante tres meses al año. Durante los últimos 20 años del siglo XX, con la dependencia del agua extraída desde pozos profundos, algunos con más de trescientos metros, la población modificó sus prácticas de tal forma que los escurrimientos de agua por los ríos y arroyos pasaron a ser los drenajes en la superficie. En el inicio del siglo XXI se consolida en la región una competencia por el agua con las grandes ciudades, pero también con la industria, la agricultura y la ganadería.
¿Qué es lo que puede el agua? Límites y posibilidades de las prácticas políticas para el acceso y defensa del agua como derecho en Argentina
Authors: Carrizo Cecilia , Berger Mauricio
Published: September 2015

El trabajo se orienta a visibilizar la trama de relaciones políticas entre los espacios públicos ciudadano y estatal, que operan en torno a la garantía del agua como un derecho humano. Partimos de las luchas ciudadanas por el agua en situaciones de contaminación, como espacios de interacción privilegiados, en los que la ciudadanía invoca/revoca las instituciones  vigentes bregando por la vigencia de los derechos. A través de dos estudios de caso en las provincias de Córdoba y Río Negro en Argentina, el artículo explora cómo la estructura institucional de los estados provinciales actúa a la vez como factor posibilitante y/o restrictivo tanto de las prácticas de los  funcionarios de los distintos poderes públicos en lo que hace a la regulación y el control de la contaminación, así como también de las condiciones de ejercicio de los derechos ciudadanos. Visualizamos diferencias notables en lo que hace a las garantías institucionales, los desarrollos organizacionales, los procedimientos, los recursos y las prácticas conectadas con la gestión del agua entre las dos provincias estudiadas. El artículo concluye con una reflexión sobre los límites y posibilidades que confrontan las esferas públicas estatales y ciudadana en la búsqueda de una política democrática de garantía del derecho al agua que supere lecturas y prescripciones tecnocráticas.
San Andrés Chalchicomula: un estudio de caso de la distribución de agua a mediados del siglo XVII
Authors: Salazar-Exaire Celia
Published: September 2015

El trabajo que se presenta analiza la problemática de la distribución del agua en una zona rural de la antigua provincia de Tepeaca durante la época colonial, San Andrés Chalchicomula. Inicialmente se aborda el espacio geográfico de esta comunidad para después plantear los aspectos referentes al otorgamiento y manejo del agua, en donde también se analiza la actuación de la república de naturales en el control de las instalaciones hidráulicas utilizadas para hacer llegar el preciado líquido.El objetivo central es dar a conocer los procesos de distribución del agua en la actual Chalchicomula de Sesma. Para ello se ha realizado investigación documental en fuentes primarias fundamentalmente en dos acervos, el Archivo General de la Nación de México y el Archivo General de Notarias del Estado de Puebla.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SCLERAL BUCKLING WITH ALLOPLANT BIOMATERIAL VERSUS SILICONE SPONGE
Authors: Moshetova Larisa Konstantinovna , Galimova Aysylu Bulatovna
Published: September 2015

A surgical method of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair with Alloplant biomaterial is effective and allows to provide a significant visual improvement. Technical simplicity, favorable course of early post-operative period, and lack of complications specific to the majority of episcleral procedures (implant contamination and/or extrusion, buckle displacement, dystrophic scleral changes in the buckling area) are the undoubted advantages of the proposed method, which make it preferable for using in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
The influence of phacoemulsification on the intraocular pressure level in patients with co-existing cataract and open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Mantseva Yana Yuryevna , Astakhov Sergey Yuryevich , Ananyevskaya Polina Valeryevna , Titarenko Aleksandra Ivanovna
Published: September 2015

Based on the examination and treatment results of 94 patients (100 eyes) with cataract and open-angle glaucoma, an estimation of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation influence on the intraocular pressure level was performed. The result analysis showed that phacoemulsification in patients with co-existing cataract and stabilized open-angle glaucoma could ensure a pressure-lowering effect by continued local treatment consisting in instillations of modern IOP-lowering medications.
An effective method of surgical treatment of refractory glaucoma patients using Ex-PRESSTM filtering device
Authors: Astakhov Sergey Yuryevich , Harsha Ahmed Alievich
Published: September 2015

Based on data obtained from examination and subsequent follow-up of 47 patients (50 eyes) with refractory glaucoma, an efficacy estimation of a new method of the Ex-PRESSTM filtering device implantation was performed. The data analysis showed that the proposed surgical procedure has a low level of intra- and post-operative complications, is characterized by technical ease, and provides a long term stabilization of the glaucomatous process. Therefore it is possible to draw a conclusion that the Ex-PRESSTM filtering device implantation is an effective method for the treatment of refractory glaucoma.
Comprehensive investigation of subjective and objective accommodation parameters in children and teenagers with myopia
Authors: Tarutta Yelena Petrovna , Tarasova Natalya Alekseyevna , Khodzhabekyan Narine Vladimirovna
Published: September 2015

The accommodation tonus, subjective and objective parameters of accommodation were examined in 130 patients aged 6–18 years (average age 11.26 ± 0.2) with various degrees of myopia. The accommodation state was determined using subjective methods (relative accommodation reserves, amplitude of accommodation) and objective methods (binocular and monocular accommodative responses, the objective relative accommodation reserves, the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field, tonus of accommodation rest). It was revealed, that accommodation tonus measured in the virtual, open and non-oriented spaces had different values. Myopic patients showed the highest values of the tonus accommodation rest (–0.77 ± 0.03) and the lowest values (–0.17 ± 0.02) of the habitual tonus of accommodation in the open field. A synchronic decrease of subjective and objective parameters of accommodation was revealed in children and teenagers with myopia. The subjective-measured accommodation reserves showed higher values compared to objective-measured ones. A significant difference of examined parameters between fellow eyes was revealed in anisometropic myopia: the common tonus of accommodation in virtual, as well as in real space was higher in eyes with lower myopia; in eyes with higher myopia, the tonus showed negative values in both cases. The monocular accommodative response was the same in the paired eyes, the binocular accommodative response was significantly higher in eyes with higher myopia.
Topical administration of Oftaquix® and Tobrex® in refractive surgery
Authors: Kachanov Andrey Borisovich , Pavlova Yulia Alexandrovna , Vokhmyakov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: September 2015

Background: Due to the growing resistance of causative microorganisms to previous generations of antibiotics and to the risk of post-op infectious complications associated with it, an efficacy and safety assessment of modern fluoroquinolones’ prophylactic topical administration appears to be reasonable. Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin 0.5 % ophthalmic solution (Oftaquix®, Santen, Finland) topical use in modern excimer laser refractive surgery (LASIK). Material and methods: Patients were randomized into two treatment groups: Thirty two patients (64 eyes) were treated with levofloxacin 0.5 % ophthalmic solution (Oftaquix®, Santen, Finland) b.i.d. and thirty patients (60 eyes) received tobramycine 0.3 % eye drops (Tobrex®, Alcon-Couvreur, Belgium) q. t.d., both during first 7 days post-op. LASIK procedure using excimer laser MEL-80 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) and mechanical microkeratome LSK Moria Evolution-2 (Moria, France) was performed in all patients for myopia from –1.0 to –12.0 D. Patient’s age varied from 18 to 40 years (mean age 28.4±7.8). Results: During topical application of Oftaquix® and Tobrex® in our refractive surgery patients there were no topical, or systemic adverse reactions, or allergic reactions. Oftaquix® and Tobrex® had good topical tolerability. Therapeutic dosage regimen, sufficient in terms of anti-infective prophylaxis, in case of Oftaquix® was twice as low in comparison to Tobrex®. Tear film break-up time (TFBUT) preand post-op was comparable between groups. In both groups, TFBUT post-op was significantly lower compared to pre-op values (p 0.01). Tear production (Shirmer-I test) in both groups remained almost the same (p 0.05). Conclusion: Oftaquix® (Santen, Finland) ophthalmic solution is effective and safe for prevention of infectious complications after LASIK and appears to be a rational alternative to tobramycine 0.3 % eye drops (Tobrex®, Alcon-Couvreur, Belgium).
30th anniversary of the phthisioophthalmology section at the Saint-Petersburg scientific medical society of ophthalmologists
Authors: Ustinova Yelena Ivanovna
Published: September 2015

The expediency of the organization of the phthisioophthalmology section at the scientific medical society for the benefit of quality improvement in diagnosis and treatment for patients with ophthalmic tuberculosis is established. Data are presented on the dynamic activity of the the phthisioophthalmology section at the Saint-Petersburg scientific medical society of ophthalmologists, and on its main results.
A corneal surface study in patients after laser keratomilesis
Authors: Maslennikov Vyacheslav Igorevich , Koskin Sergey Alekseyevich , Shelepin Yuriy Yevgenyevich , Yan Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: September 2015

The cornea of the human eye is not only refracts the light, but also acts as a convex mirror, which reflects the surroundings. In ophthalmology, an image reflected by its anterior surface is known as the 1st Purkinje image. Characteristics of this image are determined by the properties of the light source and the state of corneal surface. At the present time, there are many methods in ophthalmology to study various properties of the cornea, but most of them either require expensive equipment or are qualitative and not informative. Meanwhile, a “shining” characteristic of the cornea in general is assessed subjectively and is not properly addressed in the ophthalmic literature. Our work was conducted to study the possibility of applying the method of measuring the reflective ability of the cornea to measure the state of its anterior surface. Our study involved men and women aged 18–45 years after laser-assisted in situ keratomilesis (LASIK). With our new method of measuring the corneal reflectance, we investigated patients before surgery, day 1 post-op and after 1 week. Each study case included a measurement of the reflectivity of the cornea after blinking, and after 15 sec. We found that on the day 1 after surgery corneal reflectivity increases, at the same time, 15 sec after blinking it is reduced to normal. This suggests a reduction of the tear film stability and that the patients had some symptoms of corneal syndrome, and as a consequence, increased tear production. One week after surgery, we observed a different picture: the reflective power of the cornea decreased. We consider this to be a sign of corneal nerves damage and decreased tear production.
Otsenka gipotenzivnogo effekta preparata «GLAUMAKS»
Authors: Astakhov Yury Sergeevich , Sokolov Vitaly Olegovich , Morozova Natalia Vladimirovna , Novikov Denis Pavlovich
Published: September 2015

When choosing a medication, a physician has to be sure of its efficacy and safety for the patient. Carrying out of multiple post-clinical studies of different aspects of medication use is intended to help clinicians to correctly appreciate the capacities of proposed medications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pressure-lowering effect of latanoprost 0.005 % - “Glaumax” according to the data of different tonometry methods at different baseline IOP levels and to compare the IOP-lowering effects of timolol 0.5 % and Glaumax. The pressure lowering effect in the Glaumax group significantly exceeds that of the timolol 0.5 % group regardless of IOP measurement method, at comparable baseline IOP level. In the group with higher baseline IOP level, the IOP decrease in % from baseline was higher. Mean IOP-lowering effect for Glaumax in the present study is comparable to the data of multicenter studies and meta-analyses carried out for the original “Xalatan” medication.
Glaucoma treatment cost as seen by patients
Authors: Kazanova Svetlana Yurjevna , Strakhov Vladimir Vitalyevich , Yartsev Andrey Viktorovich
Published: September 2015

The chronic nature of the glaucomatous process requires long years of observation and treatment. The quality of treatment depends on the doctor who determines the tactics and methods of treatment, as well as on the patient who follows or doesn’t follow the doctor’s instructions. The study objective was to evaluate patients’ attitude to the required treatment and its cost. To do this, an anonymous survey of glaucoma patients was conducted in a number of regions of the Russian Federation. The questionnaire consisted of 7 questions and several answer options for each of them. In total, 1877 questionnaires from 35 regions of the country were processed. The survey results show that for glaucoma patients vision preservation is the priority of the treatment. Patients believe that medical treatment should be aimed at effective intraocular pressure reduction with as few side effects of used drugs as possible. The price of IOP-lowering drops of 500 rubles is affordable for the majority of respondents (76 %). However, the total price of complex glaucoma treatment drew mixed reaction from the survey participants.
ERG assessment of the functional activity of the retina in following the surgical closure of idiopathic macular holes
Authors: Neroev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Zueva Marina Vladimirovna , Bichkov Pavel Alexandrovich , Tsapenko Irina Vladimirovna , Sarygina Ol'ga Ivanovna , Ilyukhin Pavel Andreevich , Semenova Natalija Alekseevna
Published: September 2015

Twenty patients with stage 3 or 4 idiopathic macular holes were evaluated with standard cone ERG, photopic flicker ERG at 8,3-30-Hz, to study the function of cone photoreceptors, bipolar cells, and Muller cells after the surgical correction of their macular hole. The correlations between the ERG parameters and the microperimetry and optical coherent tomography data were evaluated. IMH has been associated with the general reduction in the function of the cone photoreceptors and bipolar cells and with the sharp increase in the activity of Muller cells and their functional relationships with some bipolar cells. The nature of the changes in photopic standard and flicker ERGs demonstrated the dependence of the central retinal function on the dynamics of cone bipolar cells’ recovery. In the early period after the surgery of IMH, a sharp reduction in the flicker ERG at 24 Hz was found, to be followed by a progressive increase, which indicated a pronounced reduction in the bipolar cell function with the formation of the IMH and its substantial decrease after the vitreoretinal surgery. A significant increase in the glial index for flicker ERG at 24 Hz may be associated with a compensatory overreaction of retinal Muller cells in the preoperative and in the recovery period after the closure of IMH.
Choroidal thickness in eyes with different degrees of myopia
Authors: Astakhov Yuriy Sergeyevich , Belekhova Svetlana Georgiyevna
Published: September 2015

66 healthy people (124 eyes) with different degrees of myopia and emmetropia were examined using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) using the “Spectralis OCT”. It was found that the choroid in subjects with medium and high degrees of myopia was significantly thinner than that in the control group. In the study, a negative correlation was found between the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the degree of myopia (r = -0.75, p 0.0001). It was also found that the subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased for each diopter of myopia by approximately 18.03 μm.
Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium
Authors: Cherney Edward
Published: September 2015

Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium is a benign pigmented lesion of the posterior pole with a unique clinical appearance. It is flat, round, and has sharp edges. While it is usually black, it may have internal lacunae without pigment. The lesion may also be all hypopigmented. Over many years, the lesions may grow slightly and change their pigmentation. Even though malignant transformation is extremely rare, annual examinations should be performed.
Glaucoma patient school organization on the basis of a Saint-Petersburg city district glaucoma center
Authors: Pokrovskiy Andrey Sergeyevich
Published: September 2015

The present article describes a positive experience of glaucoma patient school organization on the basis of a St. Petersburg city district glaucoma center. The peculiarity of the school in the Frunzensky city district is a possibility for a patient to test intraocular pressure immediately after a lecture, to pass glaucoma screening. The analysis of school attendance from October 2012 to December 2013 is also presented in the article, as well as the results of patients’ survey on the activity of the city district glaucoma center and school.
The evolution of tear substitutes: from saline solutions to cationic nanoemulsion
Authors: Vokhmyakov Aleksander Vladimirovich
Published: September 2015

The article defines the milestones of the development of the main types of artificial tears, describes characteristics and benefits of the new tear substitute Cationorm® based on Novasorb® technology: electrostatic mucoadhesion, rapid and optimal spreading, and long time of contact with the ocular surface, favorable action on all tear film layers, osmoregulation, compatibility with different contact lens types, and prolonged clinical efficacy.
The results of Semax neuroprotective efficacy investigation
Authors: Strakhov Vladimir Vitalivich , Popova Anastasiya Aleksandrovna , Fedorov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: September 2015

Purpose. To study by Heidelberg diagnostics the efficacy and safety of Semax 0.1 % used as a neuroprotective agent in POAG treatment. Materials and methods. The study involved 36 patients (72 eyes) with primary glaucoma. The first group was represented by patients with POAG receiving Semax in addition to the basic IOP-lowering therapy (24 patients - 48 eyes). The second (control) group consisted of patients with POAG, receiving only the basic IOP-lowering therapy (12 patients - 24 eyes). All patients underwent ophthalmologic examination with Heidelberg diagnostics before the treatment initiation, and 1 month after Semax was prescribed. Results and discussion. The paper presents a study of the efficacy and safety of Semax treatment in primary glaucoma with the Heidelberg diagnostics - scanning laser tomography, HRT-perimetry in the SAP III mode, in-vivo confocal corneal microscopy. During the observation period, no negative changes in the structure of the optic nerve head and in the corneal subbasal nerve plexus were revealed. The functional state of the visual analyzer also did not change, according to perimetry data. No adverse reactions to Semax 0.1 % were observed.
The analysis of the cataract surgery results in patients previously operated for retinal detachment
Authors: Shchukin Andrey Dmitrievich
Published: September 2015

The study purpose: to investigate the development of cataracts and their surgical treatment results in patients previously operated for retinal detachment. Material and methods: 53 patients, who for had cataract surgery after previous surgery for retinal detachment with retinal reattachment were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 62 years. Results and discussion: the cataract progression is characteristic for patients in whom vitrectomy was used in retinal detachment treatment. The cataract development after extrascleral procedures occurs more rarely. Cataract surgical treatment results are worse after the use of endovitreal retinal detachment treatment methods.
The level of local cytokine production at different times after experimental ciliary body cryodestruction
Authors: Steblyuk Aleksey Nikolaevich , Kolesnikova Natal'ya Vladislavovna , Gyunter Viktor Eduardovich , Bodnya Vadim Nikolaevich , Tserkovnaya Anna Alekseevna
Published: September 2015

We assessed the level of pro- (IL1β, FNOα, IL2) and anti-inflammatory (IL10) cytokines in the anterior chamber fluid of experimental animals on the 3rd, 7th and 30th day, after an experimental ciliary body destruсtion with porous titanium nickelid cryoapplicator. Consistent changes of the cytokine content at the local level are reflecting the reactivity of the experimental animals as an answer both to surgery in ciliary body area, and to its experimental cyclodestruction using the cryoapplicator from titanium nickelid. The predominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines’ potential was found during the early period (3-7 day), and the balance normalization of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was found at late observation period (30 days) due to the increase of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 production; this effect was maintained at the end of the long-term study period (1.5 years).
Lugansk State Medical University, Lugansk, Ukraina
Authors: Petrunya Andrey Mikhaylovich , Mukhamed Abdul'rakhman Kutayni
Published: September 2015

The results of clinical studies indicate that the inclusion of thiol preparations in the complex treatment of patients with keratoconjunctivitis significantly reduces the severity of keratoconjunctivitis clinical symptoms, and allows reversing the disease process in the cornea within a shorter time.
The role of preventive topical antibiotic treatment prior to intravitreal injection
Authors: Ageeva Elena Vladimirovna , Grodnenskaya Anna Evgen'yevna , Popova Kseniya Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2015

Treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) requires frequent intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents, sometimes on monthly basis during a long period of time. Endophthalmitis is a rare but extremely severe complication of intravitreal injections. As it has been proven before, the flora from the conjunctival surface is the main source for endophthalmitis. Using Povidone-iodine solution (Betadine10 % Povidone-iodine, EGIS PHARMACEUTICALS) is the only way to prevent endophthalmitis. The efficacy of it was proven by numerous studies. No evidence exists that topical antibiotiotics prior and after injections could be effective for prevention of endophthalmitis. Purpose: To study the advisability of topical antibiotic application before intravitreal injection. Materials and methods: Under investigation, there were 25 eyes of 25 patients with wet AMD treated by anti-VEGF intravitreal injections. All patients used topical antibiotics 3 days before injection. Conjunctival culture from injection eye was collected three times: before topical antibiotic use; after topical antibiotic use, and after Betadine 5 % application. Results: The rates of Staphylococcus epidermidis before and after topical antibiotic use were approximately equal. However there was no Staphylococcus epidermidis found after Betadine 5 % application. Conclusion: Our study showed the effectiveness of Betadine 5 % solution in conjunctival flora reduction. Use of topical antibiotics 3 days prior intravitreal injections is not effective. Key words: age-related macular degeneration; endophthalmitis; intravitreal injection; topical antibiotics; endophthalmitis prevention.
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a young male
Authors: Saxena Abhinav , Chadha Sameer , Lodha Ankur , Malik Bilal , Hollander Gerald , Shani Jacob
Published: September 2015

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is defined as a hemorrhagic separation of the media of the coronary artery with creation of a false lumen. It is an extremely rare clinical entity with an estimated incidence of around 0.1 - 0.2% in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for acute coronary syndrome. It usually affects middle-aged females and is often associated with pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives, cocaine abuse, hypertension and connective tissue disorders. We describe a rare case of Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a young male.
diferentes facetas da gestão territorial das Terras Indígenas no Brasil:
Authors: Rezende Marília Gabriela
Published: September 2015

Cássio Noronha Inglez de Souza e Fábio Vaz Ribeiro de Almeida (orgs.). Gestão Territorial emTerras Indígenas no Brasil. Coleção Educação para todos. Série Vias dos Saberes. Brasília: EditoraUNESCO, 2013. 272 p.
crise mundial da biodiversidade:
Authors: Braz Vivian
Published: September 2015

Elizabeth Kolbert. The Sixth Extinction: an unnatural history. New York: Henry Holt and Company,2014. Notas, bibliografia, fotografia, índice remissivo. 319p. ISBN 978-0805092998.
Refazendas institucionais:
Authors: Pessoa Pablo Pimentel
Published: September 2015

E Carina H Keskitalo, org. Climate change and flood risk management - Adaptation and extremeevents at the local level. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar Publishing,2013. 321p. ISBN 987-1-78100-666-5. $135. Bibliografia, notas, índice remissivo efiguras.
Governança e Políticas Públicas no Antropoceno
Authors: Cechin Andrei , Barreto Cristiane
Published: September 2015

Introdução Dossiê
Kecemasan dan Metode Pengendaliannya
Authors: Hayat Abdul
Published: September 2015

Anxiety is part of the living conditions, meaning that there are concerns on everyone. Anxiety is a source of motivation to act towards progress and success in life, when anxiety was in a normal condition ( normal anxiety ), but high anxiety beyond normal limits ( neurotic anxiety ) she would offend stability of self and life balance. Therefore it needs to be controlled by the method of controlling anxiety. Many prusedures and anxiety control methods designed by psychotherapists and kaunseling, so we can use whichever is thought to be more suitable and easy to use. Privacy will be healthier if free from neurotic anxiety.
Ragam Zikir dalam Alquran
Authors: Ruslan Ruslan
Published: September 2015

Remembrance is crucial in all human life. Command of remembrance based on the Koran, the Hadith, and the consensus of the theologian. Study of Quranic verses, hymns and various benefits. Variety is the remembrance of them: remembrance sentences faith, patience remembrance, remembrance release, and the release of remembrance. The handy strengthen the faith of a servant, freeing someone from the darkness of the world, to protect oneself from evil or demonic temptation, reassurance for the soul, bring blessings and good luck. Remembrance remain relevant to modern human life in order to overcome the alienation of the human soul, a spiritual crisis, and disorientation.
Pemasaran Jasa Pendidikan IAIN Antasari (Perspektif Marketing Mix Jasa Pendidikan)
Authors: Ahmad Juhaidi
Published: September 2015

Competition among institutions of education to make educational services marketing into an inter- esting study to be observed . This article is the result of quantitative descriptive research with descrip- tive statistical analysis . The study population was all new students IAIN Antasari in 2013 amounted to 1578 people with a stratified sample of 515 people . This research error rate below 1 % . This study found that the elements of the marketing mix is the reason most dominant freshman academic year 2013/2014 to choose IAIN Antasari is a product ( 92.12 % ) and most do not provide the driving is the promotion element ( 62.27 % ) . Thus , the promotion of which has been implemented so far should be evaluated in order to optimize the marketing of educational services IAIN Antasari . Key Wordss : Product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Kontekstual (Using Model-Based Contextual Learning)
Authors: Adnan Adnan
Published: September 2015

Philosophy of constructivism emphasize learning not just memorize, but to reconstruct or build new knowledge and skills through facts or propositions that they experience in their lives. effort in the lead learners in order to build the knowledge and skills of teachers are required to be competent in using a learning model. Model-Based Contextual Learning is a model that can connect students with the real world. Application of PAI learning today is still normative and adopt methodologies old model. PAI taught presents norms often without illustrations socio-cultural context, students do not live up to the values of religion in everyday life. This article seeks to describe the application of Model-Based Contextual Learning. Keywords: Application, Contextual Model-based learning.
Model Pembelajaran Inquiri? Sebuah Alternatif dalam Pembelajaran PAI
Authors: Fuad Hasan A.
Published: September 2015

Islamic Education (PAI) is a complex activity that not only focuses on the cognitive aspects, but also affective and psychomotor aspects. Islamic Education aims to shape the behavior and personality in accordance with the principles and Islam concepts in realizing moral values and religion as the foundation of national education goals. But all the goals it will not work if the learning processes of student difficulty in capturing the lessons given by the teacher, instead of teachers have not been able to solve students learning difficulties. Therefore, we need a model of learning that can help address the difficulties teachers implementing the task of teaching and students learning difficulties. One of them by applying the inquiry learning model. The learning model is designed to engage students in learning that really happened student centered. Inquiry means to know how to find out things and to know how to solve problem. The inquiry learning model has six basic steps: 1) orientation, 2) acceptance and definition of the problem, 3) the development of hypotheses, 4) collecting data, 5) hypothesis testing, and 6) conclusion.Key word: Islamic education, the learning inquiry model.
The Concept of Amal Jama�i According to The Prophet�s Tradition : An Overview
Authors: Nizho bin Abdul Rahman Mohd , Azhar Alias
Published: September 2015

This paper focuses on Islamic management issues as one of excel- lent legacies left by the Prophet (S.A.W). This paper will review the accomplishment of Islamic approach to management which had been practiced by the Prophet SAW and his companions. Based on archival research method, this paper will analyze the concept of Amal Jamai(team work) based on Islamic management centered onthetraditionsof theProphet(SAW).Thediscussionshowed that team work is an imperative element in Islamic management and not merely confined to the practice of dawah (inviting to Is- lam) but also in term of daily activities. In fact, the practice had been taught and shown by the Prophet (SAW). Even though the West had introduced many contemporary management theories, there is a huge difference compared to the Islamic approach to management. The concept of management in Islam does not merely based on material gained but also spiritual attainment and heavily emphasizes on the equality of the spiritual and material