bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Rare-Earth Doping on the Structural and Optical Properties of the Ag3AsS3 Crystals
Authors: Smitiukh O.V. , Marchuk O.V. , Kogut Y.M. , Yukhymchuk V.O. , Mazur N.V. , Myronchuk G.L. , Ponedelnyk S.M. , Cherniushok O.I. , Parashchuk T.O. , Khyzhun O.Y. , Wojciechowski К.Т. , Fedorchuk A.O.
Published: December 2021

Non-linear optical (NLO) materials allow the production of the coherent laser beam in the difficult frequency ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. Aiming to explore new classes of the NLO materials with high optical performance in the infrared (IR) region, in this work, we investigated the effect of the rare earth doping (Pr, Eu, Yb) on the crystal structure and optical properties of the Ag3AsS3 crystals. The performed analysis of the XRD patterns indicates that the rare earth elements are located in the Ag sites of the crystal lattice. As a result, the second harmonic generation (SHG) intensity, which determines the effectiveness of the NLO materials, increases with the increase of rare earth dopant content up to 1.0 %. Using the absorption analysis and Raman spectroscopy, we show that the increase in the SHG intensity can be related to the slight decrease of the bandgap, as well as with the increased electron-phonon interaction in rare-earth-doped Ag3AsS3 crystals. Considering the discovered enhancement of the SHG intensity, accompanied by the low melting temperature, this work offers rare-earth-doped Ag3AsS3 crystals as potential candidates for the non-linear optical applications for the infrared frequency range.
Ebselen Prevents Cigarette Smoke-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction In Mice By Preserving Hippocampal Synaptophysin Expression
Authors: De Luca Simone N. , Brassington Kurt , Chan Stanley M. H. , Dobric Aleksandar , Mou Kevin , Seow Huei Jiunn , Vlahos Ross
Published: December 2021

Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The “spill-over” of pulmonary inflammation into the systemic circulation may damage the brain, leading to cognitive dysfunction. Cessation of CS can improve pulmonary and neurocognitive outcomes, however, its benefit on the neuroinflammatory profile remains uncertain. Here, we investigate how CS exposure impairs neurocognition and whether this can be reversed with CS cessation or an antioxidant treatment. Methods: Male BALB/c mice were exposed CS (9 cigarettes/day for 8 weeks) followed by 4 weeks of CS cessation. Another cohort of CS-exposed mice were co-administrated with a glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) mimetic, ebselen (10mg/kg) or vehicle (5% CM-cellulose). We assessed pulmonary inflammation, spatial and working memory, and the hippocampal microglial, oxidative and synaptic profiles. Results: CS exposure increased lung inflammation which was reduced following CS cessation. CS caused spatial and working memory impairments which were attributed to hippocampal microglial activation and suppression of synaptophysin. CS cessation did not improve memory deficits or alter microglial activation. Ebselen completely prevented the CS-induced working and spatial memory impairments, which was associated with restored synaptophysin expression without altering microglial activation.Conclusion: We were able to model the CS-induced memory impairment and microglial activation seen in human COPD. The preventative effects of ebselen on memory impairment is likely to be dependent on a preserved synaptogenic profile. Cessation alone also appears to be insufficient in correcting the memory impairment, suggesting the importance of incorporating antioxidant therapy to help maximizing the benefit of cessation.
Elucidating The Thermal Decomposition Mechanism and Pyrolysis Characteristics of Biorefinery-Derived Humins From Sugarcane Bagasse And Rice Husk
Authors: Gariboti Julio César de Jesus , Macedo Marina Gontijo Souza , Macedo Vinícius Matheus Silva , Rueda-Ordóñez Yesid Javier , Lopes Emília Savioli , Vinhal Jonathan Tenorio , Gomes Eliezer Ladeia , Tenório Jorge Alberto Soares , Felisbino Romilda Fernandez , Lopes Melina Savioli , Tovar Laura Plazas
Published: December 2021

Biomass-derived humins produced in the biorefining of biomass represent an attractive feedstock for thermochemical processes and other carbon-derived platform chemicals. However, in most works, humins are merely a by-product that is not further analyzed. This work presents the purification and characterization of humins derived from sugarcane bagasse and rice husks (H-SCB and H-RH respectively), followed by the kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of its pyrolysis. Pyrolysis was examined via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and a global reaction model was adopted to address pyrolysis kinetics. To understand the pyrolysis process of humins and boost the quality of fit between the kinetic model and thermoanalytical data, the analyses were based on the Vyazovkin isoconversional method. The activation energy of H-SCB increased from 166.09 to 329.76 kJ mol-1. In contrast, the activation energy of H-RH decreased from 163.31 to 84.99 kJ mol-1. According to the results of the generalized master plot approach, the governing reaction mechanism shifted among order-based models, nucleation, and diffusion-controlled particle mechanisms. Derived thermodynamic properties showed that the heat absorbed helps the humins to achieve a more ordered state close to a conversion of 0.50. As far as we know, these findings are the first reported data on the forecast kinetic curves and pyrolysis mechanism of biorefinery-derived humins from sugarcane bagasse and rice husk, and these results will enable process design for the thermochemical conversion of these emerging materials to produce energy and other products.
Indole Acetic Acid Producing And Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Native To Kenyan Soils Promote Growth of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)
Authors: Korir Hezekiah , Mungai Nancy W. , Wasike Victor W.
Published: December 2021

Use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and rhizobia can have a positive effect on the growth of common bean. This study aimed at determining the mechanisms of action of native bacterial strains; and to determine their effect in enhancing growth of common bean. The strains were screened for their ability to solubilize insoluble inorganic phosphates and production of indole acetic acid in vitro. A greenhouse experiment was set up to evaluate the response of common bean to inoculation with selected bacterial strains. Six of the bacterial isolates tested showed a positive result for IAA production. Rhizobium pusense showed the greatest solubilization efficiency of 648 followed by Bacillus megaterium (322.3) and Rhizobium phaseoli (308.7). Inoculation of common bean with Rhizobia and PSB had a significant effect on the number of nodules per plant. The highest shoot biomass was observed when Rhizobium phaseoli was co-inoculated with P. polymyxa (4.3g plant-1) compared to the single Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation (1.14 g plant-1). The shoot tissue nitrogen and phosphorous concentration was increased as a results of co-inoculation up to 32.5% and 75.4% respectively. Therefore, tested bacterial strains have great potential in being formulated and used as biofertilizers that can be evaluated under varying field conditions.
Computational Modeling and Simulation of Stenosis of Aqueduct of Sylvius Due to Brain Tumor
Authors: Haq Uzair Ul , Ahmed Ali , Mustansar Zartasha , Shaukat Arslan , Cukovic Sasa , Nadeem Faizan , Talay Saadia , Khan Junaid Iqbal , Margetts Lee
Published: December 2021

Background: Stenosis of cerebral aqueduct (CA) is featured in many studies related to elevated intracranial cerebral pressures (ICP). It also presents a challenging situation to clinicians. Compressive forces play a lead role in pathological situations like tumor presence and hence can cause obstruction to the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Due to this barrier, excessive retention of CSF in ventricles can occur. This in turn could contribute to increased pressure gradients inside the cranium. In literature, most of the numerical models are restricted to modeling the CSF flow by considering ventricle walls as rigid material unlike its behavior a deformable character. This paper, therefore, addresses the same from a holistic perspective by taking into consideration the dynamics of the flexible character of the ventricular wall. This adds to the novelty of this work by reconstructing an anatomically realistic ventricular wall behavior. To do this, the authors aim to develop a computational model of stenosis of CA due to brain tumor by invoking a fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method. The proposed 3D FSI model is simulated under two cases. First, simulation of pre-stenosis case with no interaction of tumor forces and secondly, a stenosis condition together-with dynamic interaction of tumor forces. Results: Comparing the forces with and without tumor reveals a marked obstruction of CSF outflow post third ventricle and the cerebral aqueduct. Not only this but a drastic rise of CSF velocity from 21.2 mm/s in pre-stenosis case to 54.1 mm/s stenosis case is also observed along with a net deformation increase of 0.144 mm on walls of ventricle. Conclusions: This is a significant contribution to brain simulation studies for pressure calculations, wherein the presence of tumors is a major concern.
Geometry of rare regions behind Griffiths singularities in random quantum magnets
Authors: Kovács István , Iglói Ferenc
Published: December 2021

In many-body systems with quenched disorder, dynamical observables can be singular not only at the critical point, but in an extended region of the paramagnetic phase as well. These Griffiths singularities are due to rare regions, which are locally in the ordered phase and contribute to a large susceptibility. Here, we study the geometrical properties of rare regions in the transverse Ising model with dilution or with random couplings and transverse fields. In diluted models, the rare regions are percolation clusters, while in random models the ground state consists of a set of spin clusters, which are calculated by the strong disorder renormalization method. We consider the so called energy cluster, which has the smallest excitation energy and calculate its mass and linear extension in one-, two-and three-dimensions. Both average quantities are found to grow logarithmically with the linear size of the sample. Consequently, the energy clusters are not compact: for the diluted model they are isotropic and tree-like, while for the random model they are quasi-one-dimensional.
High Energy Storage Capabilities of CaCu3Ti4O12 for Paper-Based Zinc-Air Battery
Authors: Bhardwaj Upasana , Sharma Aditi , Gupta Vinay , Kushwaha H.S
Published: December 2021

A new perovskite material, CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO), is proposed as an efficacious electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution/reduction reactions for the development of zinc-air batteries (ZAB). Synthesis of this material adopted an effective oxalate route, which led to the purity in the electrocatalyst composition. The CCTO material is a proven potential candidate for energy applications because of its high dielectric permittivity (ε) and occupies an improved ORR activity with better onset potential, current density, and stability. The CCTO perovskite was also evaluated for the zinc-air battery as an air electrode, corresponding to the high specific capacitance of 1165 mAh g-1 with the greater cyclic efficiency and minimum variations in both charge/discharge processes. The highest power density (Pmax) measured was 32 mW cm-2. The OCV (Open Circuit Potential) obtained was 1.44 V for the as-developed battery. Also, the CCTO based paper battery shows an excellent performance achieving a specific capacity of 947.79 mAh g-1. The obtained results promise CCTO as a potential and cheap electrocatalyst for application in energy applications.
Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes in different species reveals the evolution of G-quadruplexes
Authors: Sugiyama Hiroshi , Sahayasheela Vinodh , Yu Zutao , Pandian Ganesh
Published: December 2021

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are noncanonical structures that can form in the genomes of a range of organisms and are known to play various roles in cellular function. G4s can also form in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) because of their high guanine content, and these G4s may play roles in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, and genome stability. However, little is known regarding the evolution and dissemination of G4s in mitochondria. Here we analyzed the potential G4-forming sequences in mtDNA of 16 species from various families and demonstrated that the heavy strand of mtDNA of higher-order organisms contained higher levels of G4 regions than that of lower-order organisms. Analysis of the codons in the light strand revealed enrichment of guanine/cytosine-rich regions in higher eukaryotes and of adenine/thymidine-rich regions in lower-order organisms. Our study showed the diversity of G4s in species ranging from lower to higher orders. In particular, mammals such as humans, chimpanzees, and monkeys display a greater number of G4s than lower-order organisms. These potentially play a role in a range of cellular functions and assist in the evolution of higher organisms.
Outcome of Neurocritical Disorders, A Multicenter Study from Sudan
Authors: Ali Khalid Mohamed , Salih Mahmoud Hussien , AbuGabal Hiba Hassan , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla , Ahmed Ammar ElTahir , Ahmed Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Background:Patients with neurocritical disorders that require admission to intensive care units (ICUs) constitute about 10–15% of critical care cases.Objectives:To study the outcome of neurocritical disorders in intensive care units.Methodology:This is a prospective observational study which was conducted in neurocritical patients who were admitted in four intensive care units of major hospitals in Khartoum state during the period from November 2020 to March 2021.Results:72 neurocritical patients were included in this study, 40(55.6%) were males and 32(44.4%) were females. 21 (29.2%) patients fully recovered, 35 (48.6%) partially recovered and 16 (22.2%) died. The mortality of the common neurocritical diseases were as follows: Stroke 30.4%, Encephalitis (8.3%), Status epilepticus (11.1%), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) (16.7%) and Myasthenia gravis (MG) (25%).Conclusion:This study identified that near two third of the patients required mechanical ventilation. Delayed admission was observed due to causes distributed between the medical side and patient side. The majority of patients were discharged from ICU with partial recovery.
Mobility of Organotin Pesticides: Azocyclotin And Cyhexatin In Clayey And Sandy Soils From The Northern Paraná State - Brazil
Authors: Lima Andre A.A , Onishi Bruno S.D , Watanabe Lycio S. , Santos Maria J.
Published: December 2021

Azocyclotin and cyhexatin are pesticides commonly used in mite control. However, these organotin compounds are highly harmful to the aquatic ecosystem and supposedly mobile in the soil.
In addition to not existing defined rules of use, few studies have been carried out on organotins' behavior and environmental control. Liquid chromatography has been pointed out for the OTC quantitation because of gas chromatography's thermal stability and derivatization limitations.
Hence, a new high-performance liquid chromatography method with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) was developed for quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) and environmental performance assessment purposes.
Hysteresis index (\emph{HI}) and mobilization factor were determined from sorption/desorption in sandy and clayey soils to assess mobility and environmental risk.
Mobilization was observed for the two compounds by applying the dual-mode Freundlich-Langmuir model to the isotherms. Azocyclotin showed greater mobility, 23\% and 19\%, and \emph{HI} of $-$0.15 and 7.8$\times$10$^{-4}$ for clayey and sandy soil samples, respectively. Although cyhexatin was practically immobile for both soil samples, it can be mobilized as an azocyclotin metabolite, increasing the environmental impact and risk for agricultural uses.
Acceptability, Effect and Cost of Mobile-Health on Art Adherence and Assessment of Covid-19 Knowledge Among Youths: A Mixed Methods Sequential Study in Kiryandongo. A Study Protocol Youth Trial
Authors: Naggirinya Agnes Bwanika , Meya David B , Rujumba Joseph , Waiswa Peter , Parkes-Ratanshi Rosalind
Published: December 2021

Background: AIDS is the leading cause of death among young people in sub-Saharan Africa. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is the principal determinant for achieving and sustaining viral suppression, which decreases progression to AIDS and reduces risk of mortality. Few studies have evaluated mHealth adherence tools among youths in resource-limited settings.We aim to evaluate whethermHealth tool improves ART adherence outcomes among youth receiving ART at a rural district in Western Uganda. The Corona virus disease outbreak was announced a Public Health Emergency of International concern on Jan 2020; and declared a global pandemic by World Health Organization on Mar, 2020.In rural areas, there is little data on knowledge and myths on COVID among youths.General objective:To assessacceptability, effect and cost of themHealth tool on ART adherence, knowledge and myths on COVID-19among youth initiating and on ART at KiryandongoDistrict.Methods: This is a mixed methodsequential exploratory study, with the qualitative study conducted first followed by a randomized control trial and healthcare cost evaluation.The qualitative study will assess barriers, enablers of adherence and acceptability of mHealth among youths receiving care at three health facilities inKiryandongo District.The randomized control trial of 206 youth initiatingARTto either Standard of Care or mHealth tool plus Standard of care to assesseffect of mHealth tool on ART adherence and retention in care. Through a basic cell phone, participants in the intervention arm will receive pill reminders, clinic appointment reminders, health voice messages and self-reported symptoms in addition to standard of care. Collection of data on knowledge and myths on COVID-19, HIV and sexual behavior. The health care evaluationnested within randomized trial, will assess the cost of interventionin comparison to Standard of care.Discussion: This project will determine acceptability, effectiveness of mHealth, knowledge & myths on COVID-19and cost of delivering pill and clinic appointment reminders, and voice messages to a population with suboptimal ART adherence in a resource-limited setting.Trial registration: Fully registered under clinicaltrials.gov by 20th Jan 2021. The study is ongoing. Recruitment started Aug 2020.Clinical Trial registration: NCT 04718974
Educational Intervention on Social Media To Prevent Occupational Neck Pain; A Protocol for a Randomized Trial To Prevention Occupational Neck Pain in Teachers Profession
Authors: Tavafian Sedigheh Sadat , Moradi Zohre , Kazemi Seyedeh Somayeh
Published: December 2021

Background: Neck pain is one of the most common work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Which has important social and economic consequences such as reduced productivity due to absenteeism, leave and early retirement and financial losses due to medical expenses for the workforce, especially teachers, and is a serious problem among teachers. This study aims was to evaluate whether a theory-based intervention social media could change the high-risk behaviors that cause to job-related neck pain among teachers.Methods: This is a community-randomized controlled trial that will be done in three steps. The stages of the study include: The first stage is a qualitative study to obtain the items and areas of the researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model (HBM), the second stage is the psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire and the third stage is the design and implementation of model-based educational intervention in social media. The study population is middle school teachers in the 19th district of Tehran, which are randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group receives training packages on social media and the control group does not receive any training. The intervention tries to improve the knowledge, attitude, skills and self-efficacy in adopting neck pain prevention behaviors among teachers. The study will also assess whether the intervention can reduce disability caused by neck pain among teachers.Discussion: Job-related neck pain can have a negative impact on teachers' health. This study is an attempt to investigate the impact, development and implementation of interventions in reducing job-related neck pain on social media.Trial registration number: IRCT20210301050542N1Registered on 16 March 2021 in IRCT (Iranian registry of Clinical TrialEthics Code: IR.MODARES.REC.1399.163
Groundwater contamination by salinity, microoorganisms and nitrogen compounds in Zahedan city, southeastern Iran
Authors: Allahdadi Alieh , Jahanshahi Reza
Published: December 2021

Generally, the quality and availability of groundwater resources can be affected by urbanization. In this research, various impacts of urbanization on the height of the water table and quality of groundwater in an urban aquifer has been investigated for Zahedan city, Iran. The investigations indicated that the widespread use of wastewater discharge wells in the city area had increased the elevation of the water table by 2 to 6 meters and had reduced the salinity of shallow groundwater. The effluent in the city's sewage channel with high EC had no effect on the groundwater quality in the city due to the fact that the channel was cement-lined within the city area. Microbial surveys showed that elevated total coliforms were present in groundwater throughout the city area while fecal coliforms were only present at a limited number of sampling sites. In the central areas of the city, where the groundwater abstraction takes place at high rates from deep wells, the pollution was less. The wastewaters had high level of total coliform and fecal coliform contamination due to the discharge of domestic wastewater through wells and the dumping of solids wastes. The urban water supply network and water treatment plants samples were free of any microbial contamination. Finally, nitrate concentrations in the groundwater were high (27-392 mg/L) and in the wastewater were much higher (up to 600 mg/L).
An Integrated Framework of GRU Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Flood Prediction
Authors: Ji Chunlei , Peng Tian , Zhang Chu , Hua Lei , Sun Wei
Published: December 2021

Accurate prediction of floods is the first step in formulating flood control strategies and reducing flood disasters. This research proposes a deep learning model based on Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU), Random Forest Algorithm (RF), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Optimal Variational Mode Decomposition (OVMD) for flood prediction. First, the random historical time series is decomposed using OVMD. Secondly, combined with the RF feature importance measurement, select features with high importance to obtain the optimal input set. Third, use the GRU model to predict all sub-models, and use the WOA algorithm to optimize the hyperparameters in the GRU model. This study also proposes a hybrid strategy to improve the traditional WOA algorithm and enhance the optimization ability of the WOA algorithm. Finally, the prediction results of all sub-modes were aggregated to generate the final prediction result. The model was validated using data from three hydrological stations in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Minjiang river basin in China. Through the results of the experiment, it can be seen that the proposed prediction model can effectively predict the flood time series, and has better accuracy than other models.
Neurofeedback for Opioid Dependent Patients in an Outpatient Setting: A Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Rempala Helena A. , Barterian Justin A.
Published: December 2021

Background: Neurofeedback (NF) has been described as “probably efficacious” when used in conjunction with other interventions for substance use disorders, including the most recent studies in population of individuals with opioid use disorder. Despite these promising outcomes, the seriousness of the opioid epidemic, and the high rate of relapse even with the most effective medication-assisted maintenance treatments NF continues to be an under-researched treatment modality. This article explores factors that affected the feasibility of adding Alpha/Theta Neurofeedback to treatment as usual for opioid dependence in an outpatient urban treatment center. The study strived to replicate previous research completed in Iran that found benefits of NF for opioid dependence.Methods: Out of approximately two dozen patients eligible for Alpha/Theta NF, about 60% (n=15) agreed to participate; however, only 2 participants completed treatment. The rates of enrollment in response to active treatment were monitored. Results: The 4 factors affecting feasibility were: 1) the time commitment required of participants, 2) ineffectiveness of standard incentives to promote participation, 3) delayed effects of training, and 4) the length and number of treatments required.Conclusion: The findings indicate a large scale study examining the use of NF for the treatment of opioid use disorder in the United States will likely be difficult to accomplish without modification to the traditional randomized control study approach and suggests challenges to the implementation of this treatment in an outpatient setting.
Simulation of a Ridge-Type Semiconductor Laser with Transversal Diffraction Gratings
Authors: Hirose Tatsuhiro , Numai Takahiro
Published: December 2021

This paper reports on improvement of stability of the fundamental horizontal transverse mode in a ridge-type semiconductor laser by incorporating transversal diffraction gratings. Kinks do not appear in current versus light-output curves by appropriately designing the number of the grating periods when the mesa width is 5 μm in which kinks exist in current versus light-output curves for conventional ridge-type semiconductor lasers.
Kindsein – Erinnern – Erzählen
Authors: Dettmar Ute
Published: December 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
»Erinnerungen aus der Kindheit kann man doch nur haben, wenn man selbst kein Kind ist« (de Velasco 2013, S. 10) – so kommentiert die 13-jährige homodiegetische Erzählerin Nini im Roman Tigermilch das Auftauchen einer ersten bewussten »richtige[n] Kindheitserinnerung« (ebd.). Angesprochen ist damit der zunächst paradox anmutende Zusammenhang von Kindsein und Erinnern. Sich selbst im umfassenderen Sinn daran zu erinnern, wie es ist, ein Kind zu sein, gehört zu den Fähigkeiten, die Kindern nicht zugesprochen werden. Die Kindheit gilt als das Lebensalter, in dem man ganz bei sich ist, in dem alles gegenwärtig und vieles möglich ist. Pläne und Perspektiven richten sich in die offene Zukunft, im Rückblick über Erinnerungen zu verfügen und sie als Teil der eigenen Biografie zu begreifen, wird selbst zum Zeichen der Differenz: ein Indiz dafür, dass die Kindheit bereits an ihr Ende gekommen ist.
Recalling and Retelling ChildhoodThe (Self)Depiction of Childhood during German Reunification from Memory Culture and Generational Viewpoints
Ever since the Peaceful Revolution paved the way for the reunification of Germany in 1990, texts and media for children and young adults have depicted these historical events from a range of narrative and generational viewpoints. This article addresses forms of childhood remembrance of this era of radical political and social upheaval in East Germany, focussing on autobiographical texts and media (essays and comics) as well as novels and stories. These are discussed through the lens of memory studies with respect to individual and collective identity and memory construction, and as functions of intra- and intergenerational communication. Using selected examples and with reference to the categories of the novel of remembrance and the novel of memory, the article identifies narrative strategies and image–text relationships employed to recall the events preceding and following German reunification. It shows how texts filter, interpret and condense individual memories, and link these to generational memory, and how they may ultimately be seen as contributions to communicative memory.
New Mineral Names: Diamonds, Dumps, and Fumaroles
Authors: Celestian Aaron J.
Published: December 2021

In this issue

In this series of New Mineral Names, a thematic approach is used to help provide context for advances and discoveries in mineralogy. Planet Earth is ever-changing, and unique crystals are found in the tiniest of micro-geologic niches. With emerging analytical techniques, the formerly inaccessible becomes accessible. New minerals inspire creative approaches to overcoming chemical and technological challenges and can reveal what the Earth was like billions of years ago. In this issue, we look at recently described minerals that are associated with diamonds, dumps, and fumaroles: crowningshieldite, goldschmidtite, breyite, cardite, grimmite, hrabákite, freitalite, dioskouriite, dobrovolskyite, ferroefremovite, and vasilseverginite.
HYDATIC CYST OF THE LIVER OR HEPATIC MUCINOUS CYSTADENOMA
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakech Morocco., H. Tamour , Belaid W. Ait ,   Department of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakech Morocco., T. Ahbala ,   Department of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakech Morocco., K. Rabbani ,   Department of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakech Morocco., A. Louzi ,   Department of General Surgery, Arrazi Hospital, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center Marrakech Morocco.
Published: December 2021

Mucinous cystadenomas of the liver are rare cystic neoplasms, often mistaken for simple cysts or hydatid cysts of the liver. They are generally benign tumors, often discovered incidentally on imaging or during independent surgeries. Despite their tendency to grow slowly, mucinous cystadenomas of the liver can reach symptomatic dimensions. And given their potential for malignant transformation into mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, a misdiagnosis can have serious secondary consequences. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with chronic right hypochondrium pain in whom a mucinous cystadenoma of the liver was accidentally discovered during surgery for hepatic hydatid cyst at the general surgery department at the ARRAZI Hospital - UHC Mohammed VI in Marrakech, Morocco.
Study of the availability of gene therapeutic drugs in the Russian Federation
Authors: Koshechkin Konstantin A. , Romanov Philip A. , Mokhov Alexander A. , Khokhlov Alexander L.
Published: December 2021

The authors studied the availability of gene therapy drugs in the Russian Federation on the basis of information on the permission of the medical use of drugs of this group in the world. Literature data and information about medicines approved by the FDA, EMA and the Ministry of Health of Russia were used. In general, the FDA registered only 13 drugs (46%) of the total approved for medical use in the world, 2 of them have already been withdrawn from the market, and 2 additional clinical trials are underway. In Europe, the EMA has approved 16 drugs for medical use (57%), with 4 of them already withdrawn. Most of the drugs were first approved by the FDA, and then, on average, a year later, were approved in the European market. A total of 4 drugs were approved in the European market and were not approved by the FDA at the time the data was requested. And only 1 drug, approved in the USA, is not registered in Europe. In the Russian Federation, two medicines are allowed, Neovasculgen (2011) and Spinraza (2019). This is only 7% of the total number of gene therapy drugs on the world market. Most of the drugs are intended for the treatment of orphan diseases and are cost expensive. This can explain the unevenness of their distribution across regions.
The influence of sensor installation angle on explosive shock wave overpressure test
Authors: Wang Liangquan , Kong Deren
Published: December 2021

In the engineering measurement of explosion shock wave pressure, the installation method of shock wave pressure sensor is of great significance to accurately obtain shock wave pressure. Based on the actual shooting range explosion shock wave overpressure test program, this paper uses AUTODYN to establish a finite element numerical simulation model. The distance from the ground reflection pressure sensor to the explosion center is 3 m, 4 m, 5 m, and 6 m. The shock wave overpressure data in the range of 8° and 10° are acquired and analyzed. The analysis results show that the shock wave overpressure obtained when the sensor installation angle is absolute zero is the ideal value. When the sensor installation plate is within a certain range, the overpressure value of the explosion shock wave increases with the increase of the installation angle of the plate, and the installation angle of the sensor is positively correlated with the overpressure of the explosion shock wave.
Research on the oscillation of cooling grills used for terminal devices for voice communication control systems used by air traffic controllers
Authors: Korendyasev George , Asaturov Mikhail
Published: December 2021

During this research, the analytical and numerical oscillation models have been deduced of cooling grills of terminal devices for voice communication control systems used by air traffic controllers. The adequacy of obtained models was verified by a full-scale experiment. Vibration stability of telecommunication terminal cases has high importance for the high-quality reproduction of voice information. Obtained results make it possible to solve two problems at once – problem of reducing heat pressure and of increasing vibration stability of audio reproduction device cases.
Hydromount elastic shell dynamic stiffness calculation using finite difference method
Authors: Daryenkov Andrey , Gordeev Boris , Okhulkov Sergey , Ermolaev Artem , Chernov Evgeniy
Published: December 2021

A preliminary approach to calculate hydromount elastic shell dynamic stiffness using finite difference method is presented in the article. This approach is necessary to calculate and assess maximum shear deformations of hydromount rubber shell needed to further determine the hydromount stiffness and damping coefficients at resonance frequencies. For this reason, finite difference method is applied when assessing maximum shear deformations of hydromount rubber shell, caused by variable loads. It was found that using reduced length and reduced arc dimensions of cut-out hydromount shell segment the equivalent stiffness can be determined. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the possibility of a quick and fairly accurate numerical calculation of the rubber shell stiffness using the values of the rubber modulus of elasticity, its permissible shear stress, and the nominal load (weight). This approach can be used to determine and optimize the geometric dimensions of the mounts shells with a given stiffness.
Monitoring of stable isotopes (δ2H, δ18O) in precipitations of Moscow city (Russia): comparison for 2005–2014 and 1970–1979 periods
Authors:   Gazprom VNIIGaz, Zykin Nikolay N. , Tokarev Igor V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Vinograd Natalia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2021

The isotopic composition of oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) of atmospheric precipitation in Moscow in 2005–2014 was studied by sampling single precipitations (a total of 842 measurements after rejection of unreliable samples). A comparison is made with similar studies carried out by VSEGINGEO and IVP RAS for the IAEA-WMO GNIP network in 1969–1979, when monthly average samples were taken by the accumulation method (61 pair determinations of deuterium and oxygen-18, mainly in 1975–1979). The 2005–2015 series is reduced to a similar form for the 1969–1979 series, recalculated through the data on the volume of precipitation at the nearest meteorological station. It was found that in the last decade there has been a significant change in the equation of the local line of meteoric waters, which for the first period had the form δ2H = 6.09×δ18O – 23.0 ‰ (R2 = 0.87), and is currently described by the relation δ2H = 6.93×δ18O – 11.3 ‰ (R2 = 0.944). There is also a decrease in depletion of the average values of δ2H and δ18O, compared with the first observation period, which apparently reflects the course of climatic changes. At the same time, within each of the periods, a negative (albeit relatively small) slope of the line of approximation of chronological data is noted. Deuterium excess naturally changes seasonally, taking negative values in summer, primarily due to non-equilibrium fractionation during evaporation. In 2005–2014, the temperature dependence of the isotopic composition of precipitation changed significantly in comparison with 1969–1979, which makes it impossible to reconstruct the composition of precipitation in the past from meteorological observations.
A Nova Música Paraense e a busca pelo ‘‘sotaque perdido’’: diferentes performances, velhas narrativas, antigos dilemas
Authors: Lima Andrey Faro de
Published: December 2021

Sobretudo a partir da virada deste último século, produtores, músicos e gestores paraenses e de outros estados e regiões tem se articulado em torno da divulgação, em âmbito nacional, do que ficou conhecido como a Nova Música Paraense. Esta, por sua vez, ancorada em três eixos estéticos: a influência da música caribenha e/ou latino-americana; a atualização do brega, com suas variantes e ramificações; e a utilização de tecnologias e recursos contemporâneos relativos aos processos de produção, reprodução, circulação e consumo musical. Associam-se ainda uma série de representações que darão significação ética à conjunção destes: condição periférica, espontaneidade, criatividade, exotismo, dentre outras correlações. Evidentemente, todas estas articulações não são aleatórias, ou mesmo simples decorrência de um vanguardismo idiossincrático, pois vêm se coadunar a uma espécie de deslocamento, que redireciona a importância, a legitimidade e o potencial narrativo dos tradicionais discursos acerca da música popular, com toda a sua ênfase nas dimensões arcaicas e rurais, para outra ideia: agora são as nuances a partir das quais as manifestações urbanas periféricas articulam elementos tradicionais e modernos, locais e globais que passam a retroalimentar e representar as expressões populares. Destarte, levando-se em conta tais considerações, procurei então entender como se desenvolveu este deslocamento e como foi apropriado e reproduzido em âmbito regional/paraense. A partir de entrevistas junto a personagens reconhecidamente envolvidos e/ou influentes nesse processo; e tomando como referência a dimensão retórico-performática das elaborações identitárias, buscou-se compreender como foram tecidas as mais recentes narrativas em torno da, hegemonicamente divulgada, Nova Música Paraense. As experimentações presentes nos trabalhos de grande parte dos artistas identificados com este momento refletem a busca pela ideia de uma sensibilidade associada ao domínio fronteiriço e periférico em um contexto relacional e contrastivo notadamente colonial.
Praça 13 de Maio: do cine Eldorado aos dias atuais
Authors: Falcão Neto José Muniz
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tenta mostrar práticas de sociabilidade e lazer construídas nos tempos do cinema aos dias atuais na Praça 13 de Maio localizada na cidade de Mamanguape/PB. Partindo das observações diretas, de fotografas antigas, relatos orais e flmagens, percebeu-se como estas práticas apresentam importância dentro do nível social da cidade. Para tal, a vivência in loco foi fundamental para se ter uma compreensão dos processos constitutivos da praça. Portanto, o objetivo que aqui se apresenta é mostrar algumas experiências etnográfcas tidas durante o tempo de vivência na praça, analisando os grupos, indivíduos, as formas de sociabilidade geradas nos tempos do cinema (Cine Teatro Eldorado) e os novos cantos e formas de lazer que se apresentam como atos de resistência.
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DOS ACIDENTES OFÍDICOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE TERESÓPOLIS-RJ NO PERÍODO DE 2007 A 2010
Authors: Rita Ticiana Santa , Sisenando Herbert Ary , Machado Claudio
Published: December 2021

Com o objetivo de determinar a epidemiologia e fluxo de informação de notificação dos acidentes ofídicos no município de Teresópolis (RJ), foi realizado um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e retrospectivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de consulta ao banco de dados SINAN NET e das fichas individuais de investigação para notificação de acidentes por animais peçonhentos do SINAN, emitidas pelo Hospital das Clínicas de Teresópolis Costantino Ottaviano no período de 01/2007 – 12/2010. Foram analisadas 121 fichas individuais de investigação do município enquanto no SINAN estão registrados 104 casos, indicando uma subnotificação de 14,4%. O gênero Bothrops aparece como responsável pela maioria dos acidentes atendidos com 81,8% dos casos, apresentando sazonalidade maior nos meses entre outubro e março (72,7%), com predominância de acidentados do sexo masculino (78,5%), idade variando entre 20 e 59 anos (80,2%) e maior acometimento dos membros inferiores (68,8%). Concluiu-se que existem falhas no preenchimento das fichas individuais de investigação e falta de sintonia entre o sistema de coleta de dados e o sistema SINAN NET, apesar deste ser de extrema importância para a informação sobre acidentes com animais peçonhentos.
AUTO-ORGANIZAÇÃO E AUTONOMIA: PRINCÍPIOS BÁSICOS NA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Faria Daniel Luporini
Published: December 2021

Mediante análise qualitativa e revisão bibliográfica, objetiva-se, no presente trabalho, contrapor as perspectivas orientais (chinesa, em particular) de trato com a saúde (a mental, em específico), com a tradição ocidental de práticas médicas. Se nesta tradição vigora a abordagem mecanicista, de inspiração cartesiana, onde a doença é isolada analiticamente e tratada, na tradição oriental a relação saúde-doença é, há milênios, concebida como uma desarmonia biopsicossocial de um indivíduo inserido num meio e dotado de rica subjetividade. Em documento de 2001, a Organização Mundial de Saúde faz menção a uma abordagem médica sistêmica, integrada, tal qual os chineses praticam há muito. Pensando nessa mudança de paradigma, entendemos haver, em nossa cultura, certa carência de ferramentas epistemológicas capazes de lidar com essa complexidade. Nesse sentido, exploraremos por aqui os princípios da teoria da auto-organização, sugerindo que tal abordagem epistemológica poderia ser de extrema valia no que concerne à elaboração de um novo olhar sobre as relações médico/paciente e saúde/doença.
ESTÁGIO EM SAÚDE COLETIVA: FORMAÇÃO EM FONOAUDIOLOGIA
Authors: Tolentino Limeira Rebecca Rhuanny , De Castro Ricardo Dias , De Figueiredo Suelene Castro , Silva Sâmara Munique , De Alencar Sauana Alves Leite , Figueirêdo Luciana Cabral , De Oliveira Maria Izabel Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Para acompanhar as mudanças teórico-metodológicas relacionadas às práticas no âmbito da saúde coletiva, é necessário repensar a formação em saúde, especificamente, em fonoaudiologia. Objetivo: Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar as experiências vivenciadas por estudantes de graduação em Fonoaudiologia durante estágio supervisionado em saúde coletiva. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, registrando-se, por quatro alunas de graduação do curso de Fonoaudiologia, seus relatos de experiências, suas impressões pessoais, valores, opiniões, representações e vivência no período de estágio. Resultados: Percebeu-se durante realização do estágio, nas vivências nos setores e processo de trabalho da unidade, atividades educativas em sala de espera, territorialização, visitas domiciliares, visitas técnicas à rede de atenção secundária, gestão, ações de saúde em escolas, grupos de idosos, gestantes e voltadas ao cuidado com o trabalhador. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o estágio contribui para formação de profissionais com capacidade de atender às demandas reais da população e um cuidado integral em saúde.
O USO DE PROTOCOLOS NA GESTÃO DO CUIDADO DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Dantas Rosimery Cruz de Oliveira , Dantas Davidson Cruz de Oliveira , Lima Valdênia Veríssimo , Silva João Paulo Teixeira , Amador Ana Edimilda , Azevedo Ulicélia Nascimento , Lopes Monique da Silva , Roncalli Angelo Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

O uso de protocolos, na assistência a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), permite um melhor direcionamento nas condutas profissionais. Objetivou-se identificar na literatura nacional e internacional, a existência de protocolos para otimizar a gestão do cuidar ao cliente com HAS assistido na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa (dezembro/2016 a janeiro/2017). Bases: Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, Scielo, PubMed e Biblioteca Cochrane. A análise da pertinência dos estudos deu-se com a escala de Likert e índice de concordância, a textual com agregação dos objetivos e resultados em categorias. Likert > 4 classificou os estudos em muito pertinente. O índice de concordância foi > 88%. Foram incluídos 10 estudos e todos mostraram a importância do uso de protocolos como estratégia para o acompanhamento e controle da HAS. As categorias encontradas foram: avaliação, adesão e satisfação. Apesar da baixa adesão aos protocolos, a sua utilização é uma ferramenta importante no controle da HAS, e para um cuidar integral, é necessário um protocolo voltado para a equipe multiprofissional, que conte com a adesão de gestores, profissionais e clientes, reforçando a integralidade do cuidar.
AUTOPERCEPÇÃO DO PRÉ-NATAL ODONTOLÓGICO PELAS GESTANTES DE UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE
Authors: Lopes Ingrid Karem Rangel , Pessoa Daniela Mendes da Veiga , Macêdo Giulian Lennon de
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O tratamento odontológico durante o pré-natal desencadeia medo nas mães, visto que ainda circunda o mito de que seria prejudicial à saúde do bebê e da gestante, proporcionando o distanciamento da gestante à atenção odontológica. Objetivo: Identificar autopercepção das gestantes sobre pré-natal odontológico. Métodologia: Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratória. Foi aplicado um instrumento com questões abertas, contendo dados socioeconômicos e informações sobre a percepção do pré-natal odontológico pelas gestantes usuárias dos serviços de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do interior do Rio Grande do Norte. Para análise dos dados foi realizada a triangulação dos resultados obtidos pelas técnicas de coleta: entrevista, análise documental e teoria científica. Resultados: 83,3% das gestantes ouviram falar em pré-natal odontológico, 75% delas afirmaram que foram orientadas por algum profissional de saúde sobre a importância de se fazer o pré-natal odontológico, onde os enfermeiros foram os mais citados. Todas as gestantes afirmaram ser importante ir a uma consulta odontológica durante a gestação, 91,7% das usuárias foram a uma consulta odontológica durante a gravidez e 91,7% acreditam que alguma alteração na boca durante a gestação pode interferir na saúde geral do bebê. Conclusão: As gestantes consideram importante o pré-natal odontológico, pois veem como uma oportunidade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, compareceram a consulta odontológica e apresentaram um grau de adesão ao aconselhamento fornecido pelos profissionais de saúde.