bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redefining Classical Theory of Humours (Akhlat) with Emphasis on
Khilt-e-Sauda (Black Bile) Through its Physiological Role
Authors: Riaz Arshi , Ali Ferasat , Noor Huma , Rizvi Asim
Published: March 2023

Background:

According to Hippocrates, Akhlat is of four types, i.e., Dam (Blood),
Balgham (Phlegm), Safra (Yellow Bile), and Sauda (Black Bile). The correct proportion of these
fluids in the body, in terms of quality and quantity, leads to health, while their irregular distribution
leads to diseases. The argument presented in this paper will encompass both Tabayi and Ghair
Tabayi Sauda.

Objective:

However, in light of recent advances in the area of molecular biology and biochemistry
of the human body, we aim to discuss Sauda as a Khilt in the context of human physiology. We
propose that the chemico-biological / physiological role of the molecule rather than its structure
will define its placement in Khilt-e-Sauda.

Conclusion:

Chemico/biological role of the molecule may change with the physiological context,
and hence the placement of the molecule previously included in the Khilt-e-Sauda, may or may not
remain in that categorization at that point in time in that physiological state.
Review on the Role of Nanomaterials in Membrane Fabrication via Additive Manufacturing for Gas Separation
Authors: Shi Linggao , Cheong Ying Huay , Lai Li Sze , Yeap Swee Pin , Yeong Yin Fong
Published: March 2023

By virtue of the rapid development of technologies in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0,
additive manufacturing technology enables faster production, diverse raw materials, infinite shapes
and geometries for fine products as compared to traditional manufacturing methods. Among many
manufacturing materials, nanomaterials have attracted extensive attention due to their wide variety,
high strength, and effect of catalytic, quantum, surface and boundary. From the aspect of an industrial
manufacturing process, the practical advantages of using additive manufacturing techniques to fabricate
nanomaterial-incorporated membranes for gas separation are valuable. This paper reviews the potential
of using additive manufacturing in the fabrication of membranes incorporated with nanomaterials
for gas separation.
Close Neighborhood
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

The Inner Solar System hosts several valuable planet-sized objects, that should be
targeted by human colonization.
The Moon has the major advantage of being close to Earth, plus also having several
useful features, such as low gravity (perfect for space launch) and useful mineral
resources. It hosts vast areas suitable for enclosed settlements of limited terraformation.
However, there are clues that, in time, it could be fully terraformed.
Mercury is a small, hot and dry planet, a tough target for future colonists. Planetary
engineering could also work in these conditions, eventually allowing terraforming, or at
least large-scale paraterraformation, under a planetary "shell”.
Finally, in the Main Asteroid belt, Ceres could be the easiest terraformable object in the
whole System. There are also technical solutions that could turn other planetoids and
small moons into new homeworlds for humankind.
Oral Examination and Diagnostic Aids in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Kalaskar Ashita , Jayachandran S.
Published: March 2023

The oral examination of the pediatric patients involves detailed evaluation
and assessment along with comprehensive history taking. The pediatric history
involves prenatal history, birth history, past medical history, past dental history, and
family history. The examination part includes a general examination, extra oral
examination and intra oral examination. The pediatric examination specifically
includes dental caries, eruption pattern, shedding pattern, type of dentition, occlusion,
supernumerary teeth, missing teeth etc. Various new diagnostic modalities have been
introduced in the pediatric oral examination for both the hard tissues and soft tissues.
Early diagnosis is mandated for precise treatment and proper prognosis for any disease
which can be achieved by thorough examination through conventional and modern
diagnostic techniques.
Restoration of Carious Teeth in Children
Authors: Iyer Vidya , Vijay M. , Sakhare Dhanashree , Kasar Parag D.
Published: March 2023

Restorative procedures involving primary teeth constitute a major segment
of clinical pediatric dentistry. Anatomic and histological differences between primary
and permanent dentitions necessitate modifications of cavity preparation in primary
teeth. Cavities must also be prepared keeping in mind the needs for newer restorative
materials currently in use. Meticulously adhering to the principles of cavity preparation
is essential for the longevity of restoration.
Preliminary Definitions and Notations
Authors: Biswas Tanmay , Biswas Chinmay
Published: March 2023

In this chapter, we discuss the introductory parts connected to the growth of
entire and meromorphic functions and some definitions relating to the growth indicators
such as order, type, generalized order, generalized type, m-th generalized pL * -order, m-th
generalized pL
*
-type, (p, q, t)L-th order, (p, q, t)L-th type.
(p, q, t)L-th Order Oriented Some Growth Analysis of Composite Entire and Meromorphic Functions on the Basis of Their Integer Translation
Authors: Biswas Tanmay , Biswas Chinmay
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this chapter is to investigate some results related to the
growth rates of the composition of integer translated entire and meromorphic functions
using (p, q, t)L-th order and (p, q, t)L-th lower order.
FACTORS WHICH CAUSE OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PREGNANT WOMEN THROUGHOUT COVID-19
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Indonesia Santu Paulus Ruteng, Flores, Indonesia, Hamat Viviana
Published: March 2023

Background: COVID-19 has become a critical general medical condition and is causing unfavorable health outcomes for both mother and child. Objective: To determine the causes of fear and mental stress in pregnant women during the COVID-19. Method: By searching for sources used from PubMed and google scholar. The articles sourced are national and international articles published from 2016 to 2021. Results: During the Covid-19 pandemic, most pregnant women experienced increased fear and mental stress. One research article in Turkey showed that the mean IDAS II score of pregnant women increased from 184.78 ± 49.67 before the pandemic to 202.57 ± 52.90, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mothers with symptoms of mental distress and anxiety are at risk of abortion and early labor (<39 weeks), as well as postpartum depression. Conclusion: Multiple factors involving of maternal age, low education, work, work, social support, lack of physical activity, economy, fear of COVID-19, gestational age were the cause of anxiety and mental stress in pregnant women during the COVID-19. Keywords: anxiety, depression, pregnant.
SELF-HARM RISK IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PERSONALITY DISORDER
Authors:   SMK Kesehatan Citra Husada, Cibinong Bogor, Indonesia, Mahardhika Galih
Published: March 2023

Background: Mental distress in being pregnant is still underreported due to the similarity with changes in pregnancy itself. Almost of women with personality disorder history report mental distress which induces suicide targets on attempted self-murder during pregnancy. Objective: To reveal the threat elements for self-harm behavior in a pregnant woman with a history of personality disorder. Methods: This paper included searching for pregnant women with a history of personality disorders, records of miscarriage, cigarette use, maternal dysfunction, adolescents, and depression during pregnancy who are at risk of committing suicide attempts or self-harm. Results: Self-harm risk in pregnant women involving adverse results not only suicide but also homicide. Self-harm can be triggered by symptoms of depression before and after birth, economic state, social support, childhood physical and sexual experiences, mental state condition, education level, maturation of age, and social communication. Intervention needs to be assessed as soon as possible to refer to a psychiatrist and conduct Consultation liaison psychiatry as needed if found many comorbidities can disturb pregnant development. Conclusion: Self-harm in pregnant women with personality disorder had various risk factors not only from their personality disorder itself but also many stressors which can be triggered their impulsivity behavior. Consultation-liaison psychiatry can be conducted and need to be referred if the clinician found about emergency psychiatry evidence. Keywords: self-harm, pregnant, personality.
POTENTIALLY ENHANCEMENT OF POSTPARTUM PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19
Authors:   Aveceena Midwivery (Co Founder PUSKIA), Malang, Indonesia, Permatasari Ineke
Published: March 2023

Background: The resulting consequences of pandemic COVID-19 include non-natural disasters, as well as trauma, which causes challenges in the psychological field due to the resulting situational under pressures. This can also be used as a benchmark for psychological well-being in postpartum women. The process of giving birth is one of the stressful events for the mother and this is a critical period for the mother, it can cause some physical and psychological damage due to unpleasant experiences during childbirth, such as difficult cases, prolonged labor, and traumatic manipulation during labor. Objective: To discussed the factors that can have a potential effect on the risk of this incident, the potential to exacerbate psychological disorders in postpartum women, including factors from a medical, social, and psychological perspective. Method: This paper involved on referral sources and based on observation by author. Results: Prevalence of disorders such as depression and PTSD increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other supportive conditions such as the lack of mental support from families, the process of independent isolation, limited access to health services which also causes stress and feelings of being alone. Based on the literature, all of these events can create fear and suppress the mental state of the post partum woman, hinder the postpartum process of transition, and increase the intensity of depression severity Conclusion: Pandemic COVID-19 made alleviate of postpartum psychological disorder, therefore preventive effort can be choosen to bring positive impact by increasing productivity and make a positive mind in the mother, also described as an efficient and useful method for postpartum mothers. Keywords: enhancement, psychological, pregnancy.
The indexing trajectory of the Revista Ciências em Saúde
Authors: De Moraes Silva Melissa Andreia , Cardoso Rodolfo Souza
Published: March 2023

Scientific publications disseminate knowledge, grant intellectual property to authors, and serve as memory and source of knowledge produced. They must also serve as a social institution, attributing prestige and recognition to authors, institutions, editors, and reviewers, which is essential in defining and legitimating knowledge. In addition, the publication of articles is a requirement of many medical societies to obtain titles and recognition of the validity of research.
Digital Health Data Quality Issues: Systematic Review
Authors: Syed Rehan , Eden Rebekah , Makasi Tendai , Chukwudi Ignatius , Mamudu Azumah , Kamalpour Mostafa , Kapugama Geeganage Dakshi , Sadeghianasl Sareh , Leemans Sander J J , Goel Kanika , Andrews Robert , Wynn Moe Thandar , ter Hofstede Arthur , Myers Trina
Published: March 2023

Background

The promise of digital health is principally dependent on the ability to electronically capture data that can be analyzed to improve decision-making. However, the ability to effectively harness data has proven elusive, largely because of the quality of the data captured. Despite the importance of data quality (DQ), an agreed-upon DQ taxonomy evades literature. When consolidated frameworks are developed, the dimensions are often fragmented, without consideration of the interrelationships among the dimensions or their resultant impact.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop a consolidated digital health DQ dimension and outcome (DQ-DO) framework to provide insights into 3 research questions: What are the dimensions of digital health DQ? How are the dimensions of digital health DQ related? and What are the impacts of digital health DQ?

Methods

Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a developmental systematic literature review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature focusing on digital health DQ in predominately hospital settings. A total of 227 relevant articles were retrieved and inductively analyzed to identify digital health DQ dimensions and outcomes. The inductive analysis was performed through open coding, constant comparison, and card sorting with subject matter experts to identify digital health DQ dimensions and digital health DQ outcomes. Subsequently, a computer-assisted analysis was performed and verified by DQ experts to identify the interrelationships among the DQ dimensions and relationships between DQ dimensions and outcomes. The analysis resulted in the development of the DQ-DO framework.

Results

The digital health DQ-DO framework consists of 6 dimensions of DQ, namely accessibility, accuracy, completeness, consistency, contextual validity, and currency; interrelationships among the dimensions of digital health DQ, with consistency being the most influential dimension impacting all other digital health DQ dimensions; 5 digital health DQ outcomes, namely clinical, clinician, research-related, business process, and organizational outcomes; and relationships between the digital health DQ dimensions and DQ outcomes, with the consistency and accessibility dimensions impacting all DQ outcomes.

Conclusions

The DQ-DO framework developed in this study demonstrates the complexity of digital health DQ and the necessity for reducing digital health DQ issues. The framework further provides health care executives with holistic insights into DQ issues and resultant outcomes, which can help them prioritize which DQ-related problems to tackle first.
Scoring Single-Response Multiple-Choice Items: Scoping Review and Comparison of Different Scoring Methods
Authors: Kanzow Amelie Friederike , Schmidt Dennis , Kanzow Philipp
Published: March 2023

Background

Single-choice items (eg, best-answer items, alternate-choice items, single true-false items) are 1 type of multiple-choice items and have been used in examinations for over 100 years. At the end of every examination, the examinees’ responses have to be analyzed and scored to derive information about examinees’ true knowledge.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to compile scoring methods for individual single-choice items described in the literature. Furthermore, the metric expected chance score and the relation between examinees’ true knowledge and expected scoring results (averaged percentage score) are analyzed. Besides, implications for potential pass marks to be used in examinations to test examinees for a predefined level of true knowledge are derived.

Methods

Scoring methods for individual single-choice items were extracted from various databases (ERIC, PsycInfo, Embase via Ovid, MEDLINE via PubMed) in September 2020. Eligible sources reported on scoring methods for individual single-choice items in written examinations including but not limited to medical education. Separately for items with n=2 answer options (eg, alternate-choice items, single true-false items) and best-answer items with n=5 answer options (eg, Type A items) and for each identified scoring method, the metric expected chance score and the expected scoring results as a function of examinees’ true knowledge using fictitious examinations with 100 single-choice items were calculated.

Results

A total of 21 different scoring methods were identified from the 258 included sources, with varying consideration of correctly marked, omitted, and incorrectly marked items. Resulting credit varied between –3 and +1 credit points per item. For items with n=2 answer options, expected chance scores from random guessing ranged between –1 and +0.75 credit points. For items with n=5 answer options, expected chance scores ranged between –2.2 and +0.84 credit points. All scoring methods showed a linear relation between examinees’ true knowledge and the expected scoring results. Depending on the scoring method used, examination results differed considerably: Expected scoring results from examinees with 50% true knowledge ranged between 0.0% (95% CI 0% to 0%) and 87.5% (95% CI 81.0% to 94.0%) for items with n=2 and between –60.0% (95% CI –60% to –60%) and 92.0% (95% CI 86.7% to 97.3%) for items with n=5.

Conclusions

In examinations with single-choice items, the scoring result is not always equivalent to examinees’ true knowledge. When interpreting examination scores and setting pass marks, the number of answer options per item must usually be taken into account in addition to the scoring method used.
Artificial Intelligence for the Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: Scoping Review
Authors: Jan Zainab , El Assadi Farah , Abd-alrazaq Alaa , Jithesh Puthen Veettil
Published: March 2023

Background

Pancreatic cancer is the 12th most common cancer worldwide, with an overall survival rate of 4.9%. Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is essential for timely treatment and survival. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides advanced models and algorithms for better diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Objective

This study aims to explore AI models used for the prediction and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancers as reported in the literature.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted and reported in line with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, BioRXiv, and MedRxiv were explored to identify relevant articles. Study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by 2 reviewers. Data extracted from the included studies were synthesized narratively.

Results

Of the 1185 publications, 30 studies were included in the scoping review. The included articles reported the use of AI for 6 different purposes. Of these included articles, AI techniques were mostly used for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (14/30, 47%). Radiological images (14/30, 47%) were the most frequently used data in the included articles. Most of the included articles used data sets with a size of <1000 samples (11/30, 37%). Deep learning models were the most prominent branch of AI used for pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the studies, and the convolutional neural network was the most used algorithm (18/30, 60%). Six validation approaches were used in the included studies, of which the most frequently used approaches were k-fold cross-validation (10/30, 33%) and external validation (10/30, 33%). A higher level of accuracy (99%) was found in studies that used support vector machine, decision trees, and k-means clustering algorithms.

Conclusions

This review presents an overview of studies based on AI models and algorithms used to predict and diagnose pancreatic cancer patients. AI is expected to play a vital role in advancing pancreatic cancer prediction and diagnosis. Further research is required to provide data that support clinical decisions in health care.
Evaluating Conversational Agents for Mental Health: Scoping Review of Outcomes and Outcome Measurement Instruments
Authors: Jabir Ahmad Ishqi , Martinengo Laura , Lin Xiaowen , Torous John , Subramaniam Mythily , Tudor Car Lorainne
Published: March 2023

Background

Rapid proliferation of mental health interventions delivered through conversational agents (CAs) calls for high-quality evidence to support their implementation and adoption. Selecting appropriate outcomes, instruments for measuring outcomes, and assessment methods are crucial for ensuring that interventions are evaluated effectively and with a high level of quality.

Objective

We aimed to identify the types of outcomes, outcome measurement instruments, and assessment methods used to assess the clinical, user experience, and technical outcomes in studies that evaluated the effectiveness of CA interventions for mental health.

Methods

We undertook a scoping review of the relevant literature to review the types of outcomes, outcome measurement instruments, and assessment methods in studies that evaluated the effectiveness of CA interventions for mental health. We performed a comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase (Ovid), PsychINFO, and Web of Science, as well as Google Scholar and Google. We included experimental studies evaluating CA mental health interventions. The screening and data extraction were performed independently by 2 review authors in parallel. Descriptive and thematic analyses of the findings were performed.

Results

We included 32 studies that targeted the promotion of mental well-being (17/32, 53%) and the treatment and monitoring of mental health symptoms (21/32, 66%). The studies reported 203 outcome measurement instruments used to measure clinical outcomes (123/203, 60.6%), user experience outcomes (75/203, 36.9%), technical outcomes (2/203, 1.0%), and other outcomes (3/203, 1.5%). Most of the outcome measurement instruments were used in only 1 study (150/203, 73.9%) and were self-reported questionnaires (170/203, 83.7%), and most were delivered electronically via survey platforms (61/203, 30.0%). No validity evidence was cited for more than half of the outcome measurement instruments (107/203, 52.7%), which were largely created or adapted for the study in which they were used (95/107, 88.8%).

Conclusions

The diversity of outcomes and the choice of outcome measurement instruments employed in studies on CAs for mental health point to the need for an established minimum core outcome set and greater use of validated instruments. Future studies should also capitalize on the affordances made available by CAs and smartphones to streamline the evaluation and reduce participants’ input burden inherent to self-reporting.
Effectiveness of a Vendor Predictive Model for the Risk of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Murugan Avinash , Kandaswamy Swaminathan , Ray Edwin , Gillespie Scott , Orenstein Evan
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Predictive models may help providers tailor asthma therapies to an individual’s risk of exacerbation. The effectiveness of asthma risk scores on provider behavior and pediatric asthma outcomes remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE

Determine the impact of an electronic health record (EHR) vendor-released model on outcomes for children with asthma.

METHODS

We implemented a vendor Risk of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation model as a non-interruptive risk score visible in the patient schedule view beginning 2/24/2021 in allergy and pulmonology clinics with 6 volunteer providers. We conducted a difference-in-differences analysis from 2/24/2019 – 2/23/2022 with a control group of other providers in the same departments. Primary outcomes included asthma hospitalization, ED visit, or oral steroid course within 90 days of an outpatient encounter. Volunteer providers were also interviewed to identify barriers and facilitators to model use.

RESULTS

The adjusted difference-in-differences estimators for the hospitalization, ED visit, oral steroid, and composite outcomes were -0.9% (95% CI: -1.6 to -0.3), –2.4% (-3.9 to -0.8), –1.9% (-4.3 to 0.5), and –2.3% (-4.7 to 0.2). In qualitative analysis, providers generally understood the purpose of the model and felt that it was useful to flag high exacerbation risk. Trust in the model was generally calibrated against providers’ own clinical judgement.

CONCLUSIONS

This EHR vendor model implementation was associated with a significant decrease in asthma hospitalization and ED visits within 90 days of pediatric allergy and pulmonology clinic visits, but not oral steroid courses.
Evaluation of the patchouli essential oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) aromatic characteristic by near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Cano-Reinoso Diego Mauricio , Purwanto Yohanes Aris , Budiastra I Wayan , Kuroki Shinichiro , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Widodo Slamet
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the aromatic characteristic of patchouli essential oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) by near‐infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric treatments. The study used 84 oil samples collected from around Indonesia, namely in Konawe, Kolaka, Bogor, Garut, Aceh, Jambi, and Masamba. Several pretreatments were used to process the spectral data, together with the application of partial least squares. The spectrum wavelength applied was between 1000 and 2500 nm. The spectra data were separated to develop two models based on their physical and chemical properties (Bogor, Garut, Konawe, and Kolaka in the first model; Aceh, Jambi, and Masamba in the second one). Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) was used as a reference method. Patchouli alcohol was established as the main chemical compound of this aromatic oil. The best calibration for the first model was that with mean center normalization as a data pretreatment, while for the second model, it was the one using the second derivative. Both models had a correlation coefficient higher than 0.90 and a coefficient of variation lower than 2.98%. In conclusion, near‐infrared spectroscopy can be employed as an accurate tool to determine the characteristic of patchouli oil.
A Cognitive Analysis on Conceptual Metaphor in English Economic Discourse
Authors: Miao Zhu
Published: March 2023

As one of the major theories in cognitive linguistics, conceptual metaphor has received lots of attention from scholars at home and abroad since it was first brought up. Metaphor is a cross-domain mapping from one concrete conceptual domain to another. Cognitive linguists recognize that metaphor converts complex and abstract concepts into intuitive and specific concepts, which is conducive to the understanding of abstract concepts and conducting abstract thinking. This is also why conceptual metaphor was widely used in economic discourse utilizing familiar concepts to help people comprehend abstract and obscure economic concepts. Based on the related theories of cognitive linguistics, taking economic passages about Chinese economy and business activities in The Economist as an example, this paper aims to find out and analyze some representative conceptual metaphors describing Chinese economy in economic discourse by the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis with the hope to help ESP learners with their learning of economic discourse.
Potentials of Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change Mitigation in Nigeria
Authors: Ayuba H.K. , Oruonye E.D.
Published: March 2023

Nigeria has made much effort at climate change mitigation through the production of several policy documents to cut down on greenhouse gas emission over the years without success. However, there is need to explore alternative strategy of climate change mitigation in the country. Nature based climate solution offers opportunity of a more practicable, cheap, and implementable alternative to reducing GHG emissions. The study was carried out through desk review of existing literatures, complimented by interview of key stakeholders. The findings of the study reveals that the concept of nature-based climate solutions is not new to Nigeria as many government policy documents has already captured it. There are many ongoing government programmes and projects that are generally part of the nature-based climate solutions. Findings of the study reveals that nature-based solutions provide a more practicable and cheaper means to naturally remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and that the forests have the greatest amounts of cost-effective mitigation opportunities of up to about two thirds of all nature-based climate solutions globally. Based on the findings, the study recommends the need to build nature-based solutions as key component of the national portfolio of solutions to address the challenges of climate change in the country.
A necessidade de anuência do Ministério Público para a homologação de acordo de colaboração premiada firmado pela autoridade policial
Authors: Walter da Rosa Luísa
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo busca responder se poderia ser homologado um acordo de colaboração premiada firmado pela autoridade policial após manifestação contrária do Ministério Público. Realizou-se a pesquisa pelo método dedutivo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e análise jurisprudencial. A importância do tema se justifica a partir da ampliação do entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Em 2018, na ADI 5.508, a Corte reconheceu a constitucionalidade da Lei n. 12.850/2013 dispor que o delegado de polícia seria um dos legitimados a firmar o acordo, tendo sido debatido e decidido, por maioria entre os ministros, que apesar da exigência legal de manifestação do Ministério Público, essa manifestação não seria vinculante. Já em 2021, no julgamento do AgRg na Pet 8.482, o STF tornou sem efeito um acordo de colaboração premiada firmado pela Polícia Federal, sem a anuência do Ministério Público Federal, estabelecendo a necessidade de concordância do órgão ministerial para que o acordo produzisse efeitos. Para abordar a temática, partiu-se da identificação do cenário legal e doutrinário sobre o recorte temático, para, em seguida, proceder-se a um estudo comparativo dos fundamentos que levaram o STF a proferir ambas as decisões. Após, diante das premissas teóricas e práticas estabelecidas, considerou-se não ser possível que a autoridade policial firme um acordo de colaboração premiada com a discordância do Ministério Público, sob pena de esvaziar o instituto, gerando insegurança jurídica, tanto para os colaboradores quanto para os delatados.
Fundamentalism: a Religious Cognitive Bias? A Philosophical Discourse of Religious Fundamentalism
Authors: Lemanto Eduardus
Published: March 2023

Fundamentalism has been widely reckoned as one among many other watchful social phenomena currently. There are two general approaches to it. The first is from those who perceive fundamentalism as a movement of militant piety found almost in any religion, and therefore fundamentalism cannot necessarily be identified with a violent movement. The second is from those who categorize fundamentalism as a political movement with an objective of worldly power, and therefore it is susceptible to turning into a violent movement. In investigating the two views closely, I attempt to put forward a couple of hypothetical inquiries. Is fundamentalism a common phenomenon and common feature found in almost any religion? The answer is yes. Is fundamentalism identical to violent movement? The answer is no. Is fundamentalism then impossibly and utterly unrelated to violent movements? The answer is no. If fundamentalism is unidentical with violent movements but not a few fundamentalists can also turn to be perpetrators of what is called religious violence or violence in the name of religion, then what arguments can be set forth to ensure that fundamentalism cannot be overlooked anymore as one among many other major social problems of our age? This article aims to examine fundamentalism through epistemological and axiological criticism, and to investigate that to a certain range fundamentalism is a form of religious cognitive and behavioral bias, and both as a militant piety and as a political movement fundamentalism should at best be approached from their interplayed relation.
”Arbejdsfamilien” som arbejdsfællesskab – En teoretisk og empirisk analyse af postheroisk ledelse
Authors: Vallentin Steen , Steen Pedersen Pernille , Klitmøller Hollmann Torben
Published: March 2023

Denne artikel beskæftiger sig med ”Arbejdsfamilien” som begreb for ledelse og organisering inden for offentlig pleje og omsorg. Med udgangspunkt i en konkret ledelsespraksis på et dansk plejecenter belyser vi Arbejdsfamiliens teoretiske og praktiske implikationer. Teoretisk rammesætter vi Arbejdsfamilien som et udtryk for postbureaukratisk organisering og postheroisk ledelse. I vores empiriske analyse af praksis viser vi, hvordan Arbejdsfamilien som ledelsesbegreb bygger på lederens personlige livserfaring, hvordan den artikuleres, hvordan den virker personliggørende, og hvordan den indebærer spændinger mellem heroiske og postheroiske forestillinger om ledelse. Med begrebet om en Arbejdsfamilie lægges der som udgangspunkt vægt på værdier som ligeværd, fælles ansvar og tillid med samt det personlige og mellemmenneskelige i organisatoriske relationer. Vores tilgang til begrebet er dog ikke normativ og handlingsanvisende, men kritisk, udfordrende og spørgende. Vi er interesserede i at undersøge, 1) hvordan lederen former og indholdsudfylder dette selvskabte ledelsesbegreb eller -koncept; 2) hvordan medarbejderne oplever selvsamme begreb og hertil knyttede måder at gøre tingene på; 3) hvilke generelle indsigter om offentlig ledelse og offentlig organisering der kan udledes af denne case og af den teoretiske rammesætning, vi skriver den ind i.
Gestión integrada de la cuenca alta del río Magdalena: instrumentos para su evaluación y planificación
Authors: Munar Samboní Andrés Mauricio , Méndez Pedroza Nelly María , Vinasco Guzmán Martha Cecilia , Guzmán Oliveros Myrian Sofía , Cortés Orozco Claudia Patricia , Trujillo Zapata Silvia Alejandra , Valbuena Calderón Oscar Eduardo , Bravo Gaviria Mauro Albeiro , Caicedo Díaz Guillermo Edmundo , Herrera Cerquera Juan Pablo , Ramírez Córdoba Gustavo Adolfo , Montealegre Torres William Ignacio , Mesa Mejía Carlos Guillermo , Tenorio Sánchez Paola Andrea , Florido Cuellar Bilma Adela , Carvajal Pinilla Luis Alexander , Caicedo Bolaños Lina Paola , Núñez Burgos Miguel Ángel , Fernández Chávez Armando Enrique , Fernández Hidalgo Vicente , Castro Trujillo Johana Ximena , Jiménez Cruz Leidy Yurani
Published: March 2023

Las cuencas hidrográficas se constituyen en unidades fundamentales de análisis para el desarrollo de procesos de planificación y gestión. La comprensión de su dinámica, estructura y funcionamiento constituyen el soporte para la planificación del territorio y la toma de decisiones. Sin embargo, la funcionalidad y aprovechamiento sostenible son dependientes de la información y el conocimiento de estos ecosistemas, así como de sus regímenes y capacidades de respuesta frente a las intervenciones antrópicas, variabilidad y cambio climático. Este libro brinda instrumentos y metodologías para la planificación y evaluación del recurso hídrico, así como en la formulación e implementación de mecanismos de adaptación al cambio climático y la gestión integrada de cuencas hidrográficas. La publicación denominada: “Gestión integrada de la cuenca alta del río Magdalena: instrumentos para su evaluación y planificación” es producto de investigaciones realizadas por estudiantes, docentes y egresados de la Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente (ECAPMA) de la UNAD y el grupo de investigación Inyumacizo, categorizado en A por MinCiencias.
Energy-efficient switching method using input-swapping for high resolution SAR ADCs
Authors: Kocak Serhat , AKIN Tayfun
Published: March 2023

This paper presents an energy-efficient digital-to-analog converter
(DAC) switching method with low common-mode variations for high
resolution successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital
converters (ADCs), while enabling to implement resolutions such as
14-bit as compared to the typical 10-bit. The proposed switching method
enables high resolution by having a nearly constant common-mode voltage
and employing input-swapping to use the reference voltage (Vref) only in
the sampling phase. This method eliminates the need for the third
reference voltage during the entire DAC switching steps, which reduces
the required number of switches even compared to the state-of-the-art
methods that use low number of switches. The use of lower number of
switches not only lowers the DAC control logic complexity, but also
results in a faster operation, lower power, and smaller area. When
compared to conventional 10-bit SAR ADCs, the proposed switching method
in a 10-bit implementation reduces the average switching energy and area
by 93.7 % and 75 %, respectively, while offering high resolution
implementation options such as 14 bits.
The Precious Ganoderma Mushroom and Plant Diseases
Authors: WA Elkhateeb
Published: March 2023

The oil palm, an economically important tree, has been one of the world’s major sources of edible oil and a significant precursor of biodiesel fuel. Unfortunately, it now faces the threat of a devastating disease named basal stem rot disease. Many researchers have identified Ganoderma boninense and Ganoderma zonatum as the major pathogen that affect the oil palm tree and eventually kills. Identification of the pathogen causing basal stem rot disease is just the first step. No single method has yet been able to halt the continuing spread of the disease. This review focused on description and life cycles of two of the major Ganoderma species pathogens on oil palm trees namely Ganoderma boninense and G. zonatum. Additionally, we highlighted some possible strategies to control these pathogens and limit the spread of basal stem rot disease.
High-Speed and High-Pressure Homogenization Techniques for Optimization of Food Processing, Quality, and Safety
Authors: Almoselhy Rania I.M.
Published: March 2023

The current review presents the advantages and health benefits of the fast growing homogenization techniques for improving food processing using the high-speed homogenization (HSH) and the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) to overcome the main problems encountering food manufacturers, merchandizers and end consumers which are the short shelf-life or nonconformity of food products. HSH and HPH are considered as an efficient alternative tool to thermal processes that cause many undesirable effects such as nonenzymatic browning (NEB), off-flavor or degradation of bioactive components. HPH treatment contributes to microbial load reduction and enzyme inactivation with increase of functionality in terms of health effect by increasing bioavailability by favoring the release of bioactive compounds, modified structures of biopolymers with improvement of novel interactions within particles networking. Homogenizers vary according to the purpose needed to achieve. Laboratory Homogenizers provide research and development (R&D) scientists with more experimentation options and capabilities for emulsions, dispersions, cell rupture, and liposomes with the capability of innovations, improve existing products, and more efficient manufacturing. While the Pilot and Industrial Homogenizers offer unique flexibility to meet every customer’s particular requirements in reproducing the same product quality as developed in the laboratory with increasingly higher levels of plant integration with complete automation, controls and data acquisition. Many laboratory and industrial applications were cited here to highlight the significance of this powerful technology.
Android-Based Mobile Application for Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Puspitasari Hesty , Maharani Ruth Febry , Setyawan Wawan Herry , Primasari Yusniari
Published: March 2023

The improvements in technology have made it inevitable to use in learning vocabulary. It is an undeniable fact that learning styles affect the use of applications. Accordingly, this study is aimed to analyze the efficacy of mobile applications based on Android for learning vocabulary to tenth-level learners. At this point, the product is a mobile application for learning vocabulary completed with teachers’ and students’ books for learning guides. The researchers apply Research and Development with 20 students and five teachers as research participants randomly from two Senior High Schools. The instruments used tests, guiding interviews, guiding Observations, and questionnaire. The process data is collected by systematically searching and arranging the interview transcript, field notes, validation expert, and other materials you accumulate to support the data found. Then the researchers analyze data using triangulation data. The results of the first step prove that problem-solving abilities are shown; students need help remembering unfamiliar and mastering the meaning of foreign words. The result of the design and Development indicates that the Mobile Application was valid. The results of the product experiment prove that this form is appropriate to be applied to students in vocabulary upgrading and is claimed to be sourced in general. At the same time, the product test result shows that the essential has an important effect on students’  vocabulary. The “Vocabulary App” media improves students' vocabulary.
The Necessity for Google Slide-Based Module Development Training for High School Teachers
Authors: Andreas  , Mawardi  , Dwikurnaningsih Yari
Published: March 2023

Pedagogic competence and professional competence are essential for teachers as assets to be able to present quality learning, especially in developing lesson plans. Without the two competencies, learning becomes less qualified. This research was conducted to analyze the training process and its materials, including the drawbacks and benefits. This is descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study consists of LPMP administrators, school principals, and high school teachers. The data collection method uses the techniques of documentation studies and in-depth interviews. The data was analyzed through the triangulation technique. The results of this study indicate that the training carried out for high school teachers to improve abilities and competencies to present quality learning and education through the preparation of lesson plans follows applicable curriculum standards. The drawbacks include a limited opportunity for the participants to attend training or workshops, unavailability of teaching materials or reading references, inappropriate materials presentation in the form of PowerPoint slides, printouts or soft copies, and ineffective methods or strategy implementation. Therefore, such problems can be overcome by developing and procuring adequate training and teaching materials.
Management of a pregnancy with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2: a case report
Authors: Çağlıyan Erkan , Özmen Samican , Bilicen Ezgi , Akdöner Aslı , Yavuz Onur , Soytürk Müjde
Published: March 2023

Objective: To report a case with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 of elevated bilirubin levels who was treated with triple therapy. Case(s): Crigler-Najjar syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that causes non-obstructive non-hemolytic unconjugated jaundice. The syndrome is divided into two groups according to the severity and the clinical presentation of the disease. In these cases, there is an elevated risk of antenatal death or permanent neurological impairment of the fetus due to fetal kernicterus caused by excessively increased unconjugated bilirubin levels. Phototherapy, phenobarbital and plasmapheresis can be useful in reducing serum total bilirubin concentrations, thus adverse maternal and neonatal risks. Conclusion: At her 37 weeks of gestation, the patient delivered a healthy girl. No pathological neurological findings were found and the baby had normal growth with intact neurological development.
Training on Briquette Making from Coconut Shells
Authors: Kurnianingtyas Chandra Dewi
Published: March 2023

Sanggrahan Village, which was determined as the location for the Community Service Program for group 7 (seven), has a lot of natural potential. One of the vast potentials are coconut trees. Briquettes are materials that can be used as fuel to ignite and maintain flame. Coconut shell waste is one of the materials we used as the raw material of our project, which then will be made into briquettes. The making of briquettes from coconut shell waste was carried out on December 28, 2022, at the Sanggrahan Village Hall. Based on the practices in the training work program for making briquettes from coconut shells, the result of the burned briquettes can burn entirely over a long period. The texture of the dough should be smooth and dry because if the dough is too wet, it will be difficult for the briquettes to dry and harden, while a dough that is too dry will make the briquettes hard to intertwine and break easily when hit by a hard object. The effort to develop and manage briquettes that Sanggrahan Village can carry out is marketing the briquettes they have produced with a broader market.
Classical Realism and Ukraine: Constructing the Causes
Authors: Yoak Evan
Published: March 2023

In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine once again, this time starting a conflict of a scale not seen in Europe since WWII. The classical realism model of international relations provides insight into Russia’s actions, while a social constructivist perspective can further refine that insight. Historically, the initial positive post-Soviet relations between Russia and the former Soviet states gave way to more fraught relations as Russia expected to maintain those states as a border security bulwark. The West failed to integrate Russia into a post-Cold War security structure, while at the same time, Russia took aggressive actions against neighbours such as Chechnya and Georgia, inciting states in the region to look to the West and NATO. Russian actions, properly understood, represent the archetypal realist state attempting to improve security, but they can also be understood in terms of the socially constructed identities of the nation and of Vladimir Putin himself and their quest for “great powerness” (derzhavnost). Likewise, the West’s response represents a realist method to reduce the power of an adversary, but the magnitude and unity of the response also suggest that more is at stake than mere security: the backlash comes from the affront to the European norm against wars of aggression. It is likely that the conflict will last for quite some time, though the chances of nuclear war, while scary, are slim in light of Russian nuclear doctrine and how they employ nuclear rhetoric.
Strategy for Promoting Culture in Encouraging Regional Development in North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hafid Anwar , Suardika I Ketut , Alim Abdul , Alimin  , Akhmad
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to map potential, develop strategies, and objects to develop action plans for promoting culture in encouraging regional development in North Konawe Regency. This research was conducted in North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, literature studies, document studies, and observations. Data analysis was performed using domain and taxonomy techniques. The results of the study show First, the mapping of 10 objects of cultural promotion in North Konawe, including: manuscripts, oral traditions, customs, rites, traditional knowledge, traditional technology, arts, languages, games, traditional sports and cultural heritage. Second, the strategy for promoting culture is carried out covering the short term, medium term and long term. (1) Short term, includes; strengthening the capacity of traditional institutions, inventorying cultural potential, encouraging cultural attractions, developing cultural inventory, strengthening community capacity. (2) the medium term includes; renovation of cultural sites, development of cross-regional institutions, integration of local culture into the formal education curriculum, development of cultural development buffer zone areas. (3) Long term, including socialization of culture to the community, strengthening of tangible and intangible culture. Third, the action plan for promoting culture, includes: institutionalizing cultural weeks, through knowledge transfer, increasing cultural diplomacy, building cultural heritage innovation centers in each sub-district, involving cultural actors in tourism policies and functioning public assets as centers of cultural expression activities.