bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partial substitution of soybean meal with faba bean meal in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) diets, and the effects on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and expression of myogenic regulatory factors
Authors: Li Xiaoxia , Chen Shijun , Sun Jijia , Huang Xiande , Tang Huijuan , He Yuhui , Pan Qing , Gan Lian
Published: November 2019

Faba bean meal (FBM) was used to replace soybean meal (SBM) in different proportions, and its impacts on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were evaluated. Five isonitrogenous (33.7% crude protein) and isolipidic (4.1% crude lipid) diets containing different levels of FBM replacing dietary SBM (0, 9, 18, 27, and 36%) were formulated and were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight of 3.39 ± 0.01 g) for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed between the 0% group and FBM‐supplemented groups (except for 36% group). FBM instead of SBM significantly influenced the fatty acid composition and expression of MRFs, and markedly enhanced shear force and some texture parameters in muscle. Strong correlation was observed between MRFs and flesh textural properties. The maximal proportion of dietary SBM replacement with FBM was estimated to be 28.97% based on weight gain using a quadratic broken‐line model. These results indicated that FBM supplementation might affect flesh quality by regulating expression of some MRFs. The substitution proportion of SBM with FBM in diets of grass carp was 28.97% based on the situation described in this study.
A population‐based analysis of attributable hospitalisation costs of invasive fungal diseases in haematological malignancy patients using data linkage of state‐wide registry and costing databases: 2009‐2015
Authors: Valentine Jake C. , Morrissey C. Orla , Tacey Mark A. , Liew Danny , Patil Sushrut , Ananda‐Rajah Michelle
Published: November 2019

Background

Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are associated with significant treatment‐related costs in patients with haematological malignancies (HM).

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to characterise the gross and attributable hospitalisation costs of a variety of IFD in patients with HM by linking state‐wide hospital administrative and costing datasets.

Patients/Methods

We linked the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset, Victorian Cancer Registry and the Victorian Cost Data Collection from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2015. IFD cases and uninfected controls were matched 1:1 based on age within ten years, same underlying HM and length of stay prior to IFD diagnosis. The cost difference between surviving cases and controls, indexed to 2019 Australian dollars (AUD) calculated twelve months from IFD diagnosis, was determined using Poisson and negative binomial regression (NBR).

Results

From 334 matched pairs, the gross hospitalisation cost of cases was AUD$67 277 compared to AUD$51 158 among uninfected controls, associated with an excess median hospitalisation cost of AUD$16 119 (P < .001) attributable to IFD, approximating to USD$11 362 and €10 154 at purchasing power parity. Median attributable costs were highest for patients with invasive aspergillosis (AUD$55 642; P < .001) and mucormycosis (AUD$51 272; P = .043) followed by invasive candidiasis AUD$24 572 (P < .001). No change in median excess attributable costs was observed over the study period (P = .90) Analyses by NBR revealed a 1.36‐fold increase (P < .001) in total hospitalisation costs among cases as compared to controls twelve months from IFD diagnosis.

Conclusion

Invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis have high attributable hospitalisation costs but the overall excess IFD cost of AUD$16 119 is modest, potentially reflecting missed or miscoded fungal episodes arguing for better quality surveillance data at hospital level.
Breakfast consumption and obesity among preadolescents: An epidemiological study
Authors: Champilomati Georgia , Notara Venetia , Prapas Christos , Konstantinou Eleni , Kordoni Marialena , Velentza Anna , Mesimeri Magdalini , Antonogeorgos George , Rojas‐Gil Andrea Paola , Kornilaki Ekaterina N. , Lagiou Areti , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B.
Published: November 2019

Background

This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast consumption and childhood weight status, in relation to various socioeconomic and lifestyle factors.

Methods

A cross‐sectional survey was conducted including 1,728 children aged 10–12 years and their parents, during the school years 2014–2016. Primary schools from five Greek counties (including the Athens metropolitan area) were randomly selected. Parental and child data were collected through self‐administered, anonymous questionnaires. Children’s weight status was based on gender‐ and age‐specific tables derived from the International Obesity Task Force body mass index cutoffs. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between frequency and type of breakfast consumption and children’s weight status.

Results

The frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with childhood overweight or obesity, even when other factors were included in the analysis like sex, age, physical activity, meals / day, family annual income, parental weight status, parental physical activity level, parental educational level and parental employment status. From the nine foods that were included only the consumption of bread or rusks and chocolate milk were found to have a negative association with childhood overweight or obesity (odds ratio: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79 and OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.87, respectively).

Conclusions

The result that frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with children’s overweight / obesity may lead to a deeper investigation of the foods consumed during breakfast. Bread or rusks and chocolate milk seemed to have a protective effect; further nutritional analysis is needed to explore the potential mechanisms of this observation.
Predictors of neuropsychological functioning and medication adherence in pediatric heart transplant recipients referred for neuropsychological evaluation
Authors: Wolfe Kelly R. , Kelly Sarah L. , Steinberg Elizabeth , Pliego Jessica , Everitt Melanie D.
Published: November 2019

Children who undergo heart transplantation are at risk for long‐term neurodevelopmental sequelae secondary to heart disease and its treatment. Detailed neuropsychological profiles in clinical sample status post‐pediatric heart transplantation are sparse in the literature, and there is little information regarding predictors of neuropsychological functioning or how it relates to medication adherence in this population. The present study examined these questions in a retrospective analysis of 27 pediatric heart transplantation recipients referred for clinical neuropsychological evaluation. The sample demonstrated mild‐to‐moderate decrements across domains of neuropsychological functioning. Children with premorbid congenital heart disease performed more poorly in working memory, word reading, and parent‐rated conceptual adaptive skills compared to children with premorbid cardiomyopathy. Additionally, a higher number of rejection episodes were related to poorer verbal memory. Children with parent‐reported attention problems had better adherence to immunosuppressant medication, which may have represented greater caregiver involvement in medication management. Taken together, clinically referred children with history of heart transplantation showed broad‐based difficulties across neuropsychological domains according to formal testing and parent rating scales. This population requires routine neuropsychological monitoring and intervention.
Rational oral corticosteroid use in adult severe asthma: A narrative review
Authors: Chung Li Ping , Upham John W. , Bardin Philip G. , Hew Mark
Published: November 2019

OCS play an important role in the management of asthma. However, steroid‐related AE are common and represent a leading cause of morbidity. Limited published studies suggest OCS usage varies across countries and recent registry data indicate that at least 25–60% of patients with severe asthma in developed countries may at some stage be prescribed OCS. Recent evidence indicate that many patients do not receive optimal therapy for asthma and are often prescribed maintenance OCS or repeated steroid bursts to treat exacerbations. Given the recent progress in adult severe asthma and new treatment options, judicious appraisal of steroid use is merited. A number of strategies and add‐on therapies are now available to treat severe asthma. These include increasing specialist referral for multidisciplinary assessments and implementing OCS‐sparing interventions, such as improving guideline adherence and add‐on tiotropium and macrolides. Biologics have recently become available for severe asthma; these agents reduce asthma exacerbations and lower OCS exposure. Further research, collaboration and consensus are necessary to develop a structured stewardship approach including realistic OCS‐weaning programmes for patients with severe asthma on regular OCS; education and public health campaigns to improve timely access to specialized severe asthma services for treatment optimization; and implementing targeted strategies to identify patients who warrant OCS use using objective biomarker‐based strategies.
Modelling and Prediction of Financial Trading Networks: An Application to the New York Mercantile Exchange Natural Gas Futures Market
Authors: Betancourt Brenda , Rodríguez Abel , Boyd Naomi
Published: November 2019

Over recent years there has been a growing interest in using financial trading networks to understand the microstructure of financial markets. Most of the methodologies that have been developed so far for this have been based on the study of descriptive summaries of the networks such as the average node degree and the clustering coefficient. In contrast, this paper develops novel statistical methods for modelling sequences of financial trading networks. Our approach uses a stochastic block model to describe the structure of the network during each period, and then links multiple time periods by using a hidden Markov model. This structure enables us to identify events that affect the structure of the market and make accurate short-term prediction of future transactions. The methodology is illustrated by using data from the New York Mercantile Exchange natural gas futures market from January 2005 to December 2008.
Trends and socio‐economic disparities in catastrophic health expenditure and health impoverishment in China: 2010 to 2016
Authors: Zhao Yang , Oldenburg Brian , Mahal Ajay , Lin Yaqi , Tang Shenglan , Liu Xiaoyun
Published: November 2019

Objectives

To investigate trends and socio‐economic disparities in the catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and health impoverishment in China after major reform of the health system and to examine the impacts of the chronic disease on CHE and impoverishment.

Methods

We obtained data from four rounds of the China Family Panel Studies 2010–2016, with a sample size of 14 960 households. We defined CHE as the point at which annual household health payments exceeded 40% of annual capacity to pay. Impoverishment is measured by the $1.90 per day poverty line. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify impacts of the family member with chronic disease on CHE and impoverishment.

Results

Between 2010 and 2016, the incidence of CHE in China decreased from 19.37% to 15.11% and from 7.39% to 5.14% for health impoverishment; however, the decrease in level of impoverishment was less in rural areas (from 6.16% down to 3.03%) than in urban areas (from 8.46% down to 7.81%). The gap between impoverishment rates across the income quartiles is growing. Multivariable analysis showed that households with two or more members suffering chronic diseases were significantly more likely to incur CHE (aOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.93–3.13) and impoverishment (aOR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.87–3.78) than households with no members suffering chronic diseases, after adjusting for sociodemographic covariates.

Conclusions

Important advances have been made in achieving greater financial protection for Chinese citizens. Nevertheless, greater attention to the poor households with chronic disease members is needed. Policymakers in China should focus on optimising integrated rural–urban health insurance by expanding the current benefit packages and strengthening poverty alleviation efforts.
Retrospective evaluation of the clinical course and outcome following grape or raisin ingestion in dogs (2005–2014): 139 cases
Authors: Reich Colin F. , Salcedo Mallory C. , Koenigshof Amy M. , Hopp Molly M. , Walker Julie M. , Schildt Julie C. , Beal Matthew W.
Published: November 2019

Objective

To describe the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI), clinical course, decontamination procedures, and outcome in dogs following grape or raisin ingestion.

Design

Retrospective case series from 2005 to 2014.

Setting

Three university veterinary teaching hospitals.

Animals

One hundred thirty‐nine client‐owned dogs with known grape or raisin ingestion.

Measurements and Main Results

Among dogs with biochemical data, the prevalence of AKI was 6.7% (8/120). The prevalence of AKI in the early presentation (3/67) and late (5/53) presentation groups were 4.5% and 9%, respectively. The prevalence of AKI was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.27). Four dogs (3.3%) were azotemic at presentation and 4 dogs (3.3%) had increases in creatinine of ≥26.5 µmol/L (0.3 mg/dL) at recheck (3 from the early and 1 from the late group). Vomiting was the most common clinical sign (18/139). One hundred twenty‐two dogs (88%) underwent gastrointestinal decontamination and significantly more dogs in the early group were decontaminated (P < 0.0001). Two dogs received continuous renal replacement therapy. One hundred thirty‐eight dogs survived and 1 died.

Conclusions

The prevalence of AKI and mortality was low in dogs with confirmed grape or raisin ingestion. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, conclusions about the utility of gastrointestinal decontamination and other therapies cannot be made.
Accuracy of three‐dimensional printed patient‐specific drill guides for treatment of canine humeral intracondylar fissure
Authors: Easter Tim G. , Bilmont Alexis , Pink Jonathan , Oxley Bill
Published: November 2019

Objective

To determine the accuracy of three‐dimensional printed patient‐specific drill guides (3D‐PDG) as treatment of humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) in dogs.

Study design

Retrospective consecutive case series.

Animals

Client‐owned dogs with HIF treated with a 5‐mm transcondylar screw (TCS) placed from medial to lateral with a 3D‐PDG.

Methods

The proposed TCS entry point and trajectory were planned using computed tomography (CT) data and computer‐aided design software (CAD), and a 3D‐PDG was produced. During surgery the 3D‐PDG was used to drill the pilot hole from medial to lateral; the guide was then removed, the pilot hole was overdrilled, and a 5‐mm TCS was placed. Postoperative CT data were imported into CAD software, and the entry points, exit points, and trajectories were compared between the planned and actual screw locations.

Results

Sixteen elbows from 11 dogs were included. Mean (SD) entry point translation was 1.3 mm (0.64), with all screws entering cranial to the proposed location. Mean maximum screw angulation was 5.2° (2.10°), with most screws directed caudodistal to the desired trajectory. Mean (SD) exit point translation was 1.8 mm (0.89) from the planned location. There was no intra‐articular screw placement.

Conclusion

Use of a 3D‐PDG permitted accurate placement of a mediolateral 5‐mm locking TCS within the humeral condyle.

Clinical significance

Three‐dimensional printed patient‐specific drill guides should be considered as accurate and consistent for placing TCS for treatment of HIF in dogs.
Influence of wire configuration on resistance to fragment distraction of tension bands placed in a greater trochanteric osteotomy model
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth , Robe Amir K. , Roe Simon C. , Cole Jacqueline H.
Published: November 2019

Objective

To determine the influence of wiring configurations on initial tension and resistance to tensile loads in tension band constructs without the contributions of Kirschner‐wire stabilization.

Study design

Experimental study.

Sample population

A solid brass femur model manufactured on the basis of computed tomography of a normal right femur of a 30‐kg dog modified by transection of the greater trochanter and placement of two pins that did not cross the simulated osteotomy.

Methods

Four tension band configurations were applied to the metal trochanteric osteotomy model: figure‐of‐eight with one twist (OT), figure‐of‐eight with two twists (TT), dual interlocking single loop, and double loop (DL). Configurations were tested under both monotonic loading (n = 8 per configuration) and incremental cyclic loading (n = 8 per configuration). Initial tension after tying, residual tension remaining after each cycle, and failure load at 2 mm of displacement (considered equivalent to clinical failure) were compared between configurations.

Results

The initial tension and the load to 2 mm of displacement were lower for OT wires compared with TT wires. The DL was the strongest and most stable configuration, generating 2.3 to 3.5 times greater initial tension, maintaining a greater percentage of residual tension under incremental cyclic loads, and resisting 2.0 to 2.4 times greater load before failure at 2 mm. Failure load was highly correlated with initial tension.

Conclusion

Wire configurations reaching greater initial tension, such as the DL, allowed constructs to resist higher tensile loads.

Clinical impact

Wire configurations allowing higher initial tension may be warranted when tension bands are expected to sustain high tensile loads.
The effect of complex falls prevention interventions on falls in residential aged care settings: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Francis-Coad Jacqueline , Etherton-Beer Christopher , Nobre Debbie , Naseri Chiara , Hill Anne-Marie
Published: November 2019

Review question/objective:

The objective of this review is to synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of complex falls prevention interventions on fall reductions in the residential aged care population, implemented at two or more of the following levels: organization, facility or resident.

Specifically the review question is: What is the effect of complex falls prevention interventions on falls in residential aged care settings?
Effectiveness of multi-component interventions on incidence of delirium in hospitalized older patients with hip fracture: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Oberai Tarandeep , Lizarondo Lucylynn , Ruurd Jaarsma
Published: November 2019

Review question/objective

The objective of this systematic review is to identify, evaluate and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of multi-component interventions on the incidence of delirium in hospitalized elderly patients with hip fracture.

Specifically, the review question is: In hospitalized older patients with hip fracture, what is the effectiveness of multi-component interventions on the incidence of delirium?
Analysis and Numerical Evaluation of H∞ and H2 Optimal Design Schemes for an Electromagnetic Shunt Damper
Authors: Ao Wai Kei , Reynolds Paul
Published: November 2019

The electromagnetic coupling effect can generate electromagnetic damping to suppress disturbance, which can be utilized for vibration serviceability control in civil engineering structures. An electrodynamic actuator is used as a passive electromagnetic damper (EMD). Ideally, the EMD is assumed to be attached between the ground and the structure. The kinetic energy of the vibrating structure can be converted to electrical energy to activate the electromagnetic damping. To induce appropriate damping, the two terminals of the damper need to be closed and cascaded with a resonant shunt circuit as an electromagnetic shunt damper (EMSD). In this study, an resistance–inductance–capacitance (RLC) oscillating circuit is chosen. For determination of optimal circuit components and comparing against the tuned mass damper (TMD), existing H∞ design formulae are applied. This work extends this with a detailed development of an H2 robust optimization technique. The dynamic properties of a footbridge structure are then selected and used to verify the EMSD optimal design numerically. The vibration suppression performance is analytically equivalent to the dynamic characteristic of the TMD and has feasible installation and better damping enhancement. To further evaluate the potential application of the EMSD, multi-vibration mode manipulation via connecting multiple RLC resonant shunt circuits is adopted. The multiple RLC shunt circuit connecting to EMD is an alternative to the single mode control of a traditional TMD. Therefore, the EMSD can, in principle, effectively achieve suppression of single and multiple vibration modes.
Mitigating Allocation and Hydrocarbon Accounting Uncertainty Using More Frequent Flow Test Data
Authors: Sadri Mahdi , Shariatipour Seyed M.
Published: November 2019

Although the application of multi-phase flow meters has recently increased, the production of individual wells in many fields is still monitored by occasional flow tests using test separators. In the absence of flow measurement data during the time interval between two consecutive flow tests, the flow rates of wells are typically estimated using allocation techniques. As the flow rates, however, do not remain the same over the time between the tests, there is typically a large uncertainty associated with the allocated values. In this research, the effect of the frequency of flow tests on the estimated total production of wells, allocation, and hydrocarbon accounting has been investigated. Allocation calculations have been undertaken for three different cases using actual and simulated production data based on one to four flow tests per month. Allocation errors for each case have subsequently been obtained. The results show that for all the investigated cases, the average allocation error decreased when the number of flow tests per month increased. The sharpest error reduction has been observed when the frequency of the tests increased from one to two times per month. It reduced the allocation error for the three investigated cases by 0.43%, 0.45%, and 1.11% which are equivalent to $18.2M (million), $18.9M, and $46.8M reduction in the yearly cost of the allocation error for the respective cases. The reductions in the allocation error cost for the three cases were $27M, $29M, and $80M, respectively, when the flow tests have been undertaken weekly instead of monthly.
Scaling of Incidence Variations With Inlet Distortion for a Transonic Axial Compressor
Authors: Hill D. J. , Defoe J. J.
Published: November 2019

This paper numerically explores the manner in which blade row inlet incidence variation scales with various distortion patterns and intensities. The objectives are to (1) identify the most appropriate parameter whose circumferential variation can be used to assess scaling relationships of a transonic compressor and (2) use this parameter to evaluate two types of non-uniform inflow patterns, vertically stratified total pressure distortions and radially stratified total enthalpy and total pressure distortions. A body force model of the blade rows is employed to reduce computational cost; the approach has been shown to capture distortion transfer and to be able to predict upstream flow redistribution with inlet distortion. Diffusion factor is shown to be an inadequate proxy for streamline loss generation in non-uniform flow, leading to the choice of incidence angle variations as the metric for which we assess scaling relationships. Posteriori scaling of circumferential flow angle variation based on the maximum incidence excursion for varying distortion intensity yields an accurate method for prediction of the impact for other distortion intensities; linear regression of the maximum variation in incidence around the annulus as a function of distortion intensity had R2 > 0.97 for all spanwise locations examined in both the rotor and stator for both vertically and radially stratified distortions. However, changes to far upstream distortion shape yield highly non-linear incidence variation scaling; the results suggest that the pitchwise gradients of far upstream total pressure govern the degree of linearity for incidence variation scaling.
Structural, morphologic and optical properties of graphene doped binary TiO2–P2O5 nanocomposite
Authors: Baschir L. , Iordache A. M. , Savastru D. , Popescu A. A. , Vasiliu I. C. , Elisa M. , Obreja C. , Filipescu M. , Trusca R. , Stchakovsky M. , Iordache S.
Published: November 2019

The authors report the solgel spin coating method applied for preparation of TiO2rGO and TiO2rGOP2O5 films with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% reduced graphene oxide (rGO) content in precursors. Spectroscopic ellipsometry method allowed the determination of thickness and optical constants of the film deposited onto a glass substrate. AFM, SEM, EDX and UV-VIS-NIR were performed. H3PO4 and rGO concentration in precursor solutions induce an increase in the thickness of the films, a more homogenous distribution of pores and pore size. The TiO2rGOP2O5 films with 1.5% rGO content in precursors’ suspension are a potential candidate for photocatalytic applications.
Effects of rate and age in processing interaural time and level differences in normal-hearing and bilateral cochlear-implant listeners
Authors: Anderson Sean R. , Easter Kyle , Goupell Matthew J.
Published: November 2019

Bilateral cochlear implants (BICIs) provide improved sound localization and speech understanding in noise compared to unilateral CIs. However, normal-hearing (NH) listeners demonstrate superior binaural processing abilities compared to BICI listeners. This investigation sought to understand differences between NH and BICI listeners' processing of interaural time differences (ITDs) and interaural level differences (ILDs) as a function of fine-structure and envelope rate using an intracranial lateralization task. The NH listeners were presented band-limited acoustical pulse trains and sinusoidally amplitude-modulated tones using headphones, and the BICI listeners were presented single-electrode electrical pulse trains using direct stimulation. Lateralization range increased as fine-structure rate increased for ILDs in BICI listeners. Lateralization range decreased for rates above 100 Hz for fine-structure ITDs, but decreased for rates lower or higher than 100 Hz for envelope ITDs in both groups. Lateralization ranges for ITDs were smaller for BICI listeners on average. After controlling for age, older listeners showed smaller lateralization ranges and BICI listeners had a more rapid decline for ITD sensitivity at 300 pulses per second. This work suggests that age confounds comparisons between NH and BICI listeners in temporal processing tasks and that some NH-BICI binaural processing differences persist even when age differences are adequately addressed.
“How Am I Going, Coach?”—The Effect of Augmented Feedback During Small-Sided Games on Locomotor, Physiological, and Perceptual Responses
Authors: Weakley Jonathon J.S. , Read Dale B. , Fullagar Hugh H.K. , Ramirez-Lopez Carlos , Jones Ben , Cummins Cloe , Sampson John A.
Published: November 2019

Purpose: To investigate whether providing global positioning system feedback to players between bouts of small-sided games (SSGs) can alter locomotor, physiological, and perceptual responses. Methods: Using a reverse counterbalanced design, 20 male university rugby players received either feedback or no feedback during “off-side” touch rugby SSGs. Eight 5v5, 6 × 4-minute SSGs were played over 4 d. Teams were assigned to a feedback or no-feedback condition (control) each day, with feedback provided during the 2-min between-bouts rest interval. Locomotor, heart rate, and differential rating of perceived exertion of breathlessness and leg-muscle exertion were measured and analyzed using a linear mixed model. Outcomes were reported using effect sizes (ES) and 90% confidence intervals (CI), and then interpreted via magnitude-based decisions. Results: Very likely trivial to unclear differences at all time points were observed in heart rate and differential rating of perceived exertion measures. Possibly to very likely trivial effects were observed between conditions, including total distance (ES = 0.15; 90 CI, −0.03 to 0.34), high-speed distance (ES = −0.07; 90 CI, −0.27 to 0.13), and maximal sprint speed (ES = 0.11; 90% CI, −0.11 to 0.34). All within-bout comparisons showed very likely to unclear differences, apart from possible increases in low-speed distance in bout 2 (ES = 0.23; 90% CI, 0.01 to 0.46) and maximal sprint speed in bout 4 (ES = 0.21; 90% CI, −0.04 to 0.45). Conclusions: In this study, verbal feedback did not alter locomotor, physiological, or perceptual responses in rugby players during SSGs. This may be due to contextual factors (eg, opposition) or the type (ie, distance) or low frequency of feedback provided.
Bacterial Energetic Requirements for Helicobacter pylori Cag Type IV Secretion System-Dependent Alterations in Gastric Epithelial Cells
Authors: Lin Aung Soe , Dooyema Samuel D. R. , Frick-Cheng Arwen E. , Harvey M. Lorena , Suarez Giovanni , Loh John T. , McDonald W. Hayes , McClain Mark S. , Peek Richard M. , Cover Timothy L.
Published: November 2019

Helicobacter pylori
colonizes the stomach in about half of the world’s population.
H. pylori
strains containing the
cag
pathogenicity island (
cag
PAI) are associated with a higher risk of gastric adenocarcinoma or peptic ulcer disease than
cag
PAI-negative strains. The
cag
PAI encodes a type IV secretion system (T4SS) that mediates delivery of the CagA effector protein as well as nonprotein bacterial constituents into gastric epithelial cells.
Tailoring Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing to Individual Species of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci: Next Up, Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Morris C. Paul , Simner Patricia J.
Published: November 2019

Accurate detection of methicillin resistance among staphylococci is vital for patient care. Methicillin resistance is most commonly mediated by acquisition of themecAgene, which encodes an altered penicillin binding protein, PBP2a. Application of phenotypic methods to detectmecA-mediated beta-lactam resistance in staphylococci is becoming more complex as species-specific differences are identified among coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS).
Lethal Hemorrhagic Disease and Clinical Illness Associated with Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus 1 Are Caused by Primary Infection: Implications for the Detection of Diagnostic Proteins
Authors: Fuery Angela , Pursell Taylor , Tan Jie , Peng Rongsheng , Burbelo Peter D. , Hayward Gary S. , Ling Paul D.
Published: November 2019

Whether clinical illness and deaths associated with elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) infection result from primary infection or reactivation of latent virus is a longstanding question in the field. By applying a relatively new assay, the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS), combined with the genomic sequences of the viruses, we gained the insights and tools needed to resolve this issue. Our EEHV1-specific LIPS assay should be useful for assessing the vulnerability of elephant calves to infection with different EEHVs and evaluating antibody responses to anti-EEHV vaccines. A significant proportion of the Asian elephant population is under some form of human care. Hence, the ability to screen for EEHV immune status in elephant calves should have a major impact on the management of these animals worldwide.
A Metabolic Dependency for Host Isoprenoids in the Obligate Intracellular Pathogen Rickettsia parkeri Underlies a Sensitivity to the Statin Class of Host-Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Ahyong Vida , Berdan Charles A. , Burke Thomas P. , Nomura Daniel K. , Welch Matthew D.
Published: November 2019

Obligate intracellular pathogens, which include viruses as well as certain bacteria and eukaryotes, are a subset of infectious microbes that are metabolically dependent on and unable to grow outside an infected host cell because they have lost or lack essential biosynthetic pathways. In this study, we describe a metabolic dependency of the bacterial pathogen
Rickettsia parkeri
on host isoprenoid molecules that are used in the biosynthesis of downstream products, including cholesterol, steroid hormones, and heme. Bacteria make products from isoprenoids, such as an essential lipid carrier for making the bacterial cell wall. We show that bacterial metabolic dependency can represent a potential Achilles’ heel and that inhibiting host isoprenoid biosynthesis with the FDA-approved statin class of drugs inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with the integrity of the cell wall. This work supports the potential to treat infections by obligate intracellular pathogens through inhibition of host biosynthetic pathways that are susceptible to parasitism.
НОВЫЙ ВИД РОДА EREMOGONE (CARYOPHYLLACEAE) С ЮЖНОГО УРАЛА, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: КНЯЗЕВ М.С.
Published: November 2019

Описан новый для науки вид Eremogone ikonnikovii.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ТАПЕТУМА В МИКРОСПОРАНГИЯХ ABIES SIBIRICA (PINACEAE), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: БАЖИНА Е.В. , КВИТКО О.В.
Published: November 2019

Исследовались особенности строения клеток тапетума у морфологически здоровых, пораженных ржавчинным раком (Melampsorella cerastii Wint.) и усыхающих деревьев пихты сибирской (Abies sibirica Ledeb.), произрастающих в среднегорье Восточного Саяна. Тапетум у пихты сибирской классифицируется как клеточный секреторный, нерегулярно двуслойный с многоядерными клетками, длительно существующий. 2-ядерные клетки крупнее 1-ядерных, но практически не отличаются от 3-и 4-ядерных. Митотическая активность клеток тапетума уменьшается с увеличением высоты произрастания деревьев над уровнем моря: доля 1-ядерных клеток почти в 3 раза выше, чем многоядерных. Деструкция тапетума у деревьев пихты сибирской происходит позднее, чем у других видов хвойных. Статистически достоверных различий развития клеток тапетума у здоровых, больных раком и усыхающих деревьев, растущих в одинаковых условиях, не выявлено.
НОВЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ К ФЛОРЕ ВОРОНЕЖСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: АГАФОНОВ В.А. , РАЗУМОВА Е.В. , КУЗНЕЦОВ Б.И. , НЕГРОБОВ В.В. , ПРОХОРОВА О.В.
Published: November 2019

Для территории Воронежской обл. впервые приводятся Astragalus pseudotataricus Boriss., Gagea scythica Artemczuk, Dodartia orientalis L., Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq., Panicum capillare L., Polygonum argyrocoleon Steud. ex G. Kunze, Senecio dubitalis C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen, а также данные о новых местонахождениях, охраняемых на федеральном уровне, Fritillaria meleagris L., Orchis militaris L., Orchis coriophora L., не регистрировавшихся в области несколько десятилетий.
СФАГНОВЫЕ СОСНЯКИ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ВАСИЛЕВИЧ В.И.
Published: November 2019

Сосновые леса с моховым ярусом, в котором доминируют виды Sphagnum, широко распространены по всей лесной зоне Восточной Европы. Они встречаются в неглубоких депрессиях рельефа и по окраинам верховых болот. В этих условиях среды сосняки представляют собой первичные леса, так как сосна не имеет здесь других древесных видов, способных конкурировать с ней. Сфагновые сосняки были поделены на три ассоциации, различающиеся условиями местообитания и группами дифференциальных видов. Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum занимает олиготрофные местообитания; ее характерные виды - Vaccinium uliginosum и Ledum palustre, имеющие там экологический и фитоценотический оптимум. Асс. Molinio-Pinetum характеризуется доминированием Molinia caerulea и Vaccinium myrtillus и высоким постоянством Polytrichum commune. Вариант Equisetum sylvaticum представляет собой переход к мезотрофным заболоченным соснякам асс. Carici lasiocarpae-Pinetum. Доминанты травяного яруса этой ассоциации - Carex lasiocarpa и Menyanthes trifoliata.
ПЕЧЕНОЧНИКИ РЕСУРСНОГО РЕЗЕРВАТА "ОРУЛГАН СИС" (ХРЕБЕТ ОРУЛГАН, СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ ЯКУТИЯ), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: СОФРОНОВА Е.В. , СОФРОНОВ Р.Р.
Published: November 2019

Впервые приводится флористический список печеночников ресурсного резервата «Орулган Сис», включающий в себя 73 вида и 2 разновидности, относящиеся к 36 родам и 17 семействам. Выявлен ряд редких в России и в мире видов: Bucegia romanica, Cephaloziella aspericaulis, Jamesoniella undulifolia, Radula prolifera, Scapania sphaerifera. Список аннотирован данными по встречаемости, местонахождениям, высотному и поясному распределению видов, их экологическому поведению и репродуктивному состоянию. Обсуждена роль печеночников в сложении различных растительных сообществ резервата. Местонахождение Cephaloziella aspericaulis - единственное в Сибири, Pseudolepicolea fryei - второе местонахождение в России вне арктической зоны.
НОВЫЕ ДЛЯ РОССИИ ВИДЫ CYANOPROKARYOTA ИЗ ЛАПЛАНДСКОГО ЗАПОВЕДНИКА (МУРМАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ШАЛЫГИН С.С.
Published: November 2019

Приведены описания и микрофотографии 3 новых для России видов Cyanoprokaryota - Chroococcus spelaeus, Phormidiochaete nordstedtii, Synechococcus sciophilus, обнаруженных в Лапландском заповеднике Мурманской обл. Обсуждаются особенности экологии и распространения найденных видов.
ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПИГМЕНТЫ МХОВ НА ЗАПАДНОМ ШПИЦБЕРГЕНЕ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ШМАКОВА Н.Ю. , МАРКОВСКАЯ Е.Ф.
Published: November 2019

Изучены содержание фотосинтетических пигментов (хлорофиллы, каротиноиды), соотношения пигментов, размер светособирающего комплекса - ССК в ассимилирующих органах гаметофитов мхов в разных местообитаниях о-ва Западный Шпицберген. Исследовано 25 видов мхов, принадлежащих разным семействам и экологическим группам. Содержание хлорофиллов варьирует от 0.05 до 0.90 мг/г сырой массы, каротиноидов - от 0.02 до 0.23 мг/г сырой массы. Значения размеров ССК изменяются от 43 до 64 %. Содержание пигментов пластид у одних и тех же видов на Шпицбергене в 2-3 раза ниже, чем в Хибинах.
ЧИСЛА ХРОМОСОМ НЕКОТОРЫХ ВИДОВ СОСУДИСТЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ФЛОРЫ РОССИИ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ПРОБАТОВА Н.С. , СЕЛЕДЕЦ В.П. , РУДЫКА Э.Г. , КАЗАНОВСКИЙ С.Г. , БАРКАЛОВ В.Ю.
Published: November 2019

Приведены новые результаты определения чисел хромосом (2n) для 52 видов из 41 рода и 18 семейств флоры России. Впервые числа хромосом установлены у 7 видов: Dracocephalum pinnatum L. (2n = 28), Filipendula angustiloba (Turcz.) Maxim. (2n = 28), Lappula anisacantha (Turcz. ex Bunge) Guerke (2n = 24), Lycopus ramosissimus (Makino) Makino (2n = 22), Phleum tzvelevii Dubovik (2n = 42), Poa biebersteinii E. Pojark. (2n = 56), P. seredinii Galkin (2n = 28), а для Agrostis straminea C. Hartm., Bromopsis riparia (Rehm.) Holub, Commelina communis L., Erysimum flavum (Georgi) Bobr., Euphorbia seguieriana Neck., Minuartia minutiflora (Hult.) Worosch., Scrophularia incisa Weinm., Stellaria media (L.) Vill. установлены новые (неизвестные ранее) значения чисел хромосом. Для большинства остальных таксонов хромосомные числа определены впервые для РФ (или для РДВ).
ВЫХОД НА СУШУ И ВОЗВРАТ В ВОДУ СОСУДИСТЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ГАМАЛЕЙ Ю.В.
Published: November 2019

Результаты сравнительных исследований величины генома, структуры проводящей системы, микоризации корня наземных и вторично-водных трав использованы для реконструкции процессов выхода на сушу и возврата в воду сосудистых растений, оценки степени обратимости и частоты повторности этих событий в ходе эволюции биосферы.
СИНТАКСОНОМИЯ КУСТАРНИЧКОВО-ТРАВЯНО-СФАГНОВЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ ГРЯД И КОЧЕК МИНЕРОТРОФНЫХ БОЛОТ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ ЧАСТИ РОССИИ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: СМАГИН В.А.
Published: November 2019

Рассмотрены ассоциации гряд и кочек минеротрофных болот европейской части России, в том числе аапа-болот. Их своеобразие определяется совместным произрастанием кустарничков, свойственных олиготрофным болотам, и типичных травяных видов низинных и переходных болот. Всего выделено 7 ассоциаций, отнесенных в состав нового порядка Sphagnetalia fusci-papillosi класса Oxycocco-Sphagnetea. Статья является продолжением работ по изучению растительности структурированных болотных участков, проводимых в европейской части России (Смагин, 2007).
VAVILOVIA FORMOSA И CICER MINUTUM (FABACEAE) В ДАГЕСТАНЕ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: МУРТАЗАЛИЕВ Р.А. , МУСАЕВ А.М. , БУРЛЯЕВА М.О. , ГУСЕЙНОВА З.А. , РАДЖАБОВ Г.К. , АЛЕКСАНДРОВА Т.Г. , КОЦЕРУБА В.В.
Published: November 2019

В 2011 г. в Дагестане были найдены новые местонахождения видов Cicer minutum и Vavilovia formosa. Оба вида встречаются в природе очень редко и внесены в Красную книгу России. Cicer minutum найден впервые после 1971 г.
ПЕННАТНЫЕ ДИАТОМОВЫЕ ВОДОРОСЛИ (PENNATOPHYCEAE) УЛЬТРАОЛИГОТРОФНОГО ОЗЕРА ЭЛЬГЫГЫТГЫН И ВОДОЕМОВ ЕГО БАССЕЙНА (ЧУКОТСКИЙ ПОЛУОСТРОВ), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ГЕНКАЛ С.И. , ХАРИТОНОВ В.Г.
Published: November 2019

В оз. Эльгыгытгын и водоемах его бассейна с помощью сканирующей электронной микроскопии обнаружено 399 видов и внутривидовых таксонов диатомовых класса Pennatophyceae. Среди них 49 таксонов новых для флоры России и родов Achnanthes, Amphora, Brachysira, Diadesmis, Diploneis, Cymbella, Cymbellopsis, Encyonema, Eunotia, Frustulia, Gomphonema, Microcostatus, Navicula, Nitzschia, Pinnularia, Planothidium, Psammothidium, Sellaphora, Stauroneis, Stenopterobia. Большая часть их них относится к северо-альпийским видам и предпочитает олиготрофные водоемы.
СУМИНА ОЛЬГА ИВАНОВНА (К 60-ЛЕТИЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ИПАТОВ В.С. , ТИХОДЕЕВА М.Ю. , ЛЕБЕДЕВА В.X.
Published: November 2019

Olga Ivanovna Sumina, the head of the Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology of St. Petersburg State University, has celebrated her anniversary. Her scientific interests include research of vegetation formation processes on technogenic habitats of the northern territories of Russia. Colleagues, post-graduate students and students pass their sincere greetings on Olga Ivanovnas anniversary.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВОДНОГО РЕЖИМА BETULA PENDULA (BETULACEAE) С НОРМАЛЬНОЙ И АНОМАЛЬНОЙ ДРЕВЕСИНОЙ СТВОЛА В ОНТОГЕНЕЗЕ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: САЗОНОВА Т.А. , ПОЗДНЯКОВА С.В. , ПРИДАЧА В.Б.
Published: November 2019

Проведено исследование параметров водного режима березы повислой (Betula pendula var. pendula) и карельской березы (Betula pendula var. carelica) при нормальном и аномальном развитии проводящих тканей ствола в естественных условиях произрастания и при экспериментальных воздействиях. Установлено сходство суточных и вегетационных изменений показателей водообмена двух форм березы. Выявлена разная чувствительность показателей к внутривидовым особенностям водного режима растений березы. Показано увеличение степени различий водного дефицита и насыщающего содержания воды в листе березы повислой и карельской березы с их возрастом и усилением выраженности узорчатой текстуры древесины ствола. Обсуждаются возможные причины этих различий.
ОНТОГЕНЕЗ ARISTOLOCHIA CONTORTA (ARISTOLOCHIACEAE) В ПРИМОРСКОМ КРАЕ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: НАКОНЕЧНАЯ О.В. , НЕСТЕРОВА С.В. , ВОРОНКОВА Н.М.
Published: November 2019

Изучен онтогенез Aristolochia contorta (Aristolochiaceae). Выделено четыре периода развития и девять возрастных состояний. Онтогенез можно характеризовать как полный, с коротким прегенеративным и продолжительным генеративным периодом. Уточнены морфометрические параметры побегов и цветков. A. contorta — многолетняя длиннокорневищная травянистая лиана, поликарпик с летне-зелеными удлиненными вьющимися побегами, вегетативно-подвижный криптофит с корневищем двух типов: эпигеогенным и гипогеогенным. Вид размножается преимущественно вегетативно.
ЭНДЕМИК ПРИБАЙКАЛЬЯ CRANIOSPERMUM SUBVILLOSUM (BORAGINACEAE): СОСТОЯНИЕ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ОХРАНЫ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ЕЛИСАФЕНКО Т.В. , ЖМУДЬ Е.В. , КРИВЕНКО Д.А.
Published: November 2019

Проведена оценка состояния популяций и дана морфологическая характеристика растений Craniospermum subvillosum Lehm. в Иркутской обл. и Республике Бурятия. Изучена морфология плодов и семян, межпопуляционная изменчивость морфологических признаков. Необходим мониторинг исследованных сообществ в местообитаниях с антропогенной нагрузкой и реинтродукция.
SPARGANIUM PROBATOVAE (SPARGANIACEAE) - НОВЫЙ ТАКСОН ДЛЯ ФЛОРЫ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ГРЕБЕНЮК А.В.
Published: November 2019

Впервые для Флоры Восточной Европы приводятся местонахождения Sparganium probatovae Tzvelev ( Sparganiaceae). Обсужден таксономический статус вида в связи с предполагаемым происхождением. Предложено номенклатурное решение проблемы типификации.
ЧИСЛА ХРОМОСОМ СОСУДИСТЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ИЗ РАЗНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ПРОБАТОВА Н.С. , КАЗАНОВСКИЙ С.Г. , БАРКАЛОВ В.Ю. , РУДЫКА Э.Г. , СЕЛЕДЕЦ В.П.
Published: November 2019

Приведены новые результаты определения чисел хромосом (2n) для 38 видов из 29 родов и 16 семейств флоры России. Впервые числа хромосом установлены у 20 видов: Chrysanthemum maximowiczii Kom. (2n = 54), Cleistogenes probatovae Tzvel. (2n = 40), Crepis coreana (Nakai) H. S. Pak (2n = 8), Echinochloa tzvelevii Mosyakin ex Mavrodiev et H. Scholz (2n = 54), Elymus vernicosus (Nevski ex Grub.) Tzvel. (2n = 28), Eritrichium incanum A. DC. (2n = 24), Koeleria tzvelevii Vlassova (2n = 14), Leontopodium discolor Beauverd (2n = 26), L. stellatum Khokhr. (2n = 26), Orobanche pycnostachya Hance (2n = 24), Papaver olchonense Peschkova (2n = 28), P. turczaninovii Peschkova (2n = 42), Phragmites flavescens (Cust.) Hegetschw. (2n = 48), Poa golubii Probat. (2n = 42, c.70), P. penicillata Kom. (2n = 42, 70—72), P. udensis Trautv. et C. A. Mey. (2n = 42), P. veresczaginii Tzvel. (2n = 42), Potentilla ruthenica Willd. (2n = 42), Pseudostellaria japonica (Korsh.) Pax (2n = 32), Senecio chassanicus Barkalov (2n = 40). Кроме того, для Bromopsis altaica Peschkova, Chrysosplenium pseudofauriei Levl., Cirsium ciliatum (Murr.) Moench, Draba hirta L., D. stenopetala Trautv., Parietaria micrantha Ledeb., Phyllanthus ussuriensis Rupr. et Maxim., Poa krylovii Reverd., Taraxacum asiaticum Dahlst. установлены новые (неизвестные ранее) значения чисел хромосом. Для большинства остальных таксонов хромосомные числа определены впервые для РФ (или — для РДВ и его отдельных субрегионов).
КОНСПЕКТ РОДА ЛЮБКА (PLATANTHERA, ORCHIDACEAE) ФЛОРЫ КИТАЯ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"
Authors: ЕФИМОВ П.Г.
Published: November 2019

Представлена таксономическая ревизия рода Platanthera с территории Китая, выполненная на основании анализа гербарных материалов. Приводятся синонимика, информация о типах и географическом распространении видов. По сравнению с последним изданием «Флоры Китая» (2009), где указано 34 вида, мы приводим лишь 26. Platanthera arcuata, P. chiloglossa, P.finetiana, P. herminioides, P. likiangensis, P. longiglandula и P. stenophylla сведены в синонимы к другим видам. P. bifolia, P. chlorantha s. str. и P. tipuloides в Китае, по нашим данным, не встречаются. Для видов P. exelliana, P. souliei и P. curvata предложены правильные названия ( P. pachycaulon, P.fuscescens и P. bhutanica соответственно). Вид P. whangshanensis восстановлен из синонимики P. tipuloides. Ряд видов (в первую очередь P. densa и P. sikkimensis) понимается иначе, чем во «Флоре Китая». К списку добавляются 2 вида, прежде известные с сопредельных территорий ( P. angustata и P. dyeriana) и 2 новых вида, описанные из Китая после выхода «Флоры Китая» ( P. dulongensis и P. ovatilabris). P. damingshanica и P. lancilabris мы считаем сомнительными таксонами, точная интерпретация которых невозможна из-за отсутствия типового материала. Виды P. biermanniana, P. clavigera, P. latilabris и P. ophiocephala, по нашим данным, не относятся к роду Platanthera.