22. International Multicenter Study Comparing Cancer to Non-Cancer Patients with COVID-19: Impact of Risk Factors and Treatment Modalities on Outcome
Authors: Hachem Ray Y , Chaftari Anne-Marie , Masayuki Nigo , Hamerschlak Nelson , Dagher Hiba , Jiang Ying , Siddiqui Bilal , Bayle Arnaud , Somer Robert , Cruz Ana Fernandez , Gorak Edward , Bhinder Arvinder , Mori Nobuyoshi , Datoguia Tarcila , Shelanski Samuel , Dragvich Tomislav , Kiat Yee Elise Vong , Fakhreddine Suha , Hanna Pierre Abi , Chemaly Roy F , Mulanovich Victor E , Adachi Javier , Borjan Jovan , Khawaja Fareed , Granwehr Bruno , John Teny , Guevara Eduardo Yepez , Torres Harrys A , Slavin Monica , Teh Benjamin , Subbiah Vivek , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P , Malek Alexandre , Raad Issam I 
Published: December 2021

Background

Given the limited collaborative international studies that evaluated COVID-19 in patients with cancer in comparison to patients without cancer, we aimed to determine the independent risk factors associated with increased 30-day mortality and the impact of novel treatment modalities in a large group of cancer and non-cancer patients with COVID-19 from multiple countries.

Methods

We retrospectively collected de-identified data on cancer and non-cancer patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and November 2020, at 16 centers in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. A logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of all-cause mortality within 30 days after COVID-19 diagnosis.

Results

Of the total 4015 COVID-19 confirmed patients entered, we analyzed 3966 patients, 1115 cancer and 2851 non-cancer patients. Cancer patients were older than non-cancer patients (median age, 61 vs 50 years; p&lt; 0.0001); more likely to be pancytopenic , had pulmonary disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus. In addition, they were more likely to present with higher inflammatory biomarkers (D-dimer, ferritin and procalcitonin), but were less likely to present with clinical symptoms. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, cancer was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.07; p=0.035). Older age (≥65 years) was the strongest predictor of 30-day mortality in all patients (OR 4.55; 95% CI 3.34 to 6.20; p&lt; 0.0001). Remdesivir was the only therapeutic agent independently associated with decreased 30-day mortality (OR 0.58; CI 0.39-0.88; p=0.009). Among patients on low-flow oxygen at admission, patients who received remdesivir had a lower 30-day mortality rate than those who were on high flow oxygen (5.9% vs 17.6%; p=0.03). Patients transfused with convalescent plasma within 1 day of diagnosis had a lower 30-day mortality rate than those transfused later (1% vs 7%, p=0.04).

Conclusion

Cancer is an independent risk factor for increased 30-day all-cause mortality from COVID-19. Remdesivir, particularly in patients receiving low-flow oxygen, can reduce 30-day all-cause mortality, as well as convalescent plasma given early after COVID-19 diagnosis.

Disclosures

Roy F. Chemaly, MD, MPH, FACP, FIDSA, AiCuris (Grant/Research Support)Ansun Biopharma (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Chimerix (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Clinigen (Consultant)Genentech (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Janssen (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Karius (Grant/Research Support)Merck (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Molecular Partners (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member)Novartis (Grant/Research Support)Oxford Immunotec (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Partner Therapeutics (Consultant)Pulmotec (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Shire/Takeda (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Viracor (Grant/Research Support)Xenex (Grant/Research Support) Fareed Khawaja, MBBS, Eurofins Viracor (Research Grant or Support) Monica Slavin, MBBS,MD, F2G (Advisor or Review Panel member)Merck (Advisor or Review Panel member)Pfizer (Advisor or Review Panel member) Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, MD, Astellas (Consultant)Cidara Therapeutics (Advisor or Review Panel member)Gilead Sciences (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Honoraria)