bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of What Young Children Interpret from a Sample of Picture Communication Symbols
Authors: Lynch Yvonne
Published: February 2022

While it is adults who design graphic symbol communication systems, it is often young children who use them. This study looks at what a group of typically developing children interpreted from a selection of Picture Communication Symbols (PCS). One third of the symbols were interpreted by the majority of subjects as the given PCS name. Six symbols (25%) were found to be easily guessable for the older subjects but not the younger subjects. 42% of the symbols were not easily guessable for the majority of subjects. All subjects could recognise the majority of symbols when presented in groups of four. The results suggest that young children approach graphic symbol systems from a very different perspective to adults and that this perspective changes as the child matures and begins formal education. Possible implications for clinical practice are discussed.
Laryngeal Videostroboscopic Analysis: Inter- and Intra-Rater Reliability
Authors: Dalton Sinead , Sloane Pauline
Published: February 2022

Videostroboscopic assessment of the vocal folds is a technique that relies solely on the subjective visual perception of the clinician. The purpose of this study was to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability of perceptual ratings for assessing vocal fold structure and function in laryngeal videostroboscopic analysis. The raters consisted of ten specialists in voice who had more than three years of experience viewing videostroboscopic examinations. Two videostroboscopic segments, which provided the best view of the vocal folds and averaged three minutes, were extracted for four adults, two men and two women, ranging in age from 34 to 58 years. A standard videostroboscopic form was employed. Thirteen stroboscopic parameters for each subject were rated on a multiple point scale. Additionally information was sought on perceived vocal quality, diagnosis and management. No case history information was supplied. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was obtained for vocal quality, thirteen stroboscopic parameters, diagnosis and management. In order to obtain intra-rater reliability data all recordings were evaluated twice by two raters. Inter-rater reliability in this study was extremely poor with combined measures of agreement ranging from – 0.092 (45% in amplitude) to 0.46 (60% in phase closure). In contrast to inter-rater agreement, significantly higher levels of intra-rater agreement were obtained. It would seem from these results that it is difficult, based on visual perception alone, to differentiate between normality and dysfunction, with regard to what are considered the key phenomena of the glottic wave.
The Needs of Irish-Speaking Bilinguals
Authors: Ó Murchú Helen
Published: February 2022

This article attempts to examine the therapy needs of Irish-speaking bilinguals, beginning with some general issues related to the context of lesser used languages. The client groups, with their types of bilinguality, are delineated and their particular needs listed. Finally, mention is made of the political and policy context, as well as the support structures, such as they are, that currently exist.
A Bilingual Perspective of Deafness: A Literacy Scheme, Read Book Understand Meaning
Authors: Duffin Dawn
Published: February 2022

This proposal was prepared to address the low English literacy levels of deaf school children. The Model School for the Deaf Project (MSDP) is committed to the maximisation of access to English as a second language through the medium of Irish Sign Language (ISL) which is fully accessible to all deaf children so long as there is an input in the language acquisition environment. In indicating how deaf children are not best served by accepted models of bilingualism, this discussion considers the relevant Language Processing Models and Language Acquisition Models and the questions the appropriateness of current educational curricula.
Making ‘Sense’: Emotions and Embodiment in Language Therapy
Authors: Cederman Kaye
Published: February 2022

Until recently the Western model in child language therapy reflected the dominant medical and psycho-scientific regulation of human pathology. Since the turn of the twenty-first century however, poststructural ontology and epistemology increasingly echo the less valorised side of the mind/body divide that is, the body and emotions, affect and ‘feelings’. Where quantitative formalised assessment and intervention in language tended to smother awareness of ‘the body’ (including intentions, passions and emotions), there is now recognition that emotions are the basis of learning. The paper explores ‘Floortime’ (Greenspan & Weider, 1998) as language therapy with a girl classified as autistic, and argues that a critical health science perspective might generate language as an interactive imbroglio of emotions and sensations.
Creating a Care Pathway for Young Dysfluent Children Using Evidence Based Practice (EBP)
Authors: Corry Trina
Published: February 2022

The aim of the Galway speech and language therapy (SLT) department is to provide an efficient, effective, quality service for all client groups. In pursuance of this goal, a care pathway was designed for young children with dysfluency using Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). The Government Health Strategy (2001) aims to provide consumer-orientated services that achieve optimum benefits for the clients, the main principles being equity, people-centeredness, quality and accountability. It was decided to use an EBP model to review the intervention being used with young dysfluent children. The need for review was highlighted when members of staff received training to use the Lidcombe approach (see Onslow, Menzies & Packman, 2001) as a direct intervention model with young dysfluent preschool children. This challenged the established departmental approach of indirect treatment of young dysfluent children through parent group training. This paper discusses the key elements involved in using EBP in a speech and language therapy clinic. These include: (1) Examining current knowledge and research; (2) Auditing current practice; (3) Implementing quality improvements standards and (4) Optimising expert experience available within the SLT department. The paper will also describe how the care pathway has been changed and is now delivered in practice and how it is proving to be effective, efficient and qualitative.
The Said and the Unsaid: Processing of Idioms by People with and Without Brain Damage
Authors: Creed Aisling
Published: February 2022

This paper examines the abilities of a group of individuals with and without brain damage to process idioms. The investigation consisted of a survey and a specially devised assessment. Ten idioms were selected from the survey, five of which could be interpreted in both a literal and a non-literal sense; the other five could only be interpreted in a non-literal sense. The assessment consisted of definition, multiple-choice, and collocation tasks. Both brain damaged and non-brain damaged groups experienced difficulties with some of the tasks. All subjects were most accurate on the collocation task, followed by the multiple-choice task, and then followed by the definition task. Both found it significantly easier to process the idioms that could only be interpreted in a non-literal sense. This suggests a possibility that these types of idioms carry a lighter cognitive load, because there is no question as to whether the intended meaning is literal or non-literal. The implications of these findings for clinical practice are discussed.
Exploring the Mentalising Abilities of People with Chronic Schizophrenia
Authors: Howorth Caroline
Published: February 2022

This paper explores whether using contextual information affects the ability of the person with chronic schizophrenia to mentalise, that is, to use their Theory of Mind (ToM) skills. Put simply, peoples’ mental states (i.e. their feelings, intentions, desires) are ‘invisible’ and therefore need to be hypothesised. Such hypothesising requires a Theory of Mind (ToM) (Cahill & Frith, 1996). Lacking a Theory of Mind (ToM) may be one explanation for some pragmatic language impairments often seen in people with schizophrenia, for example, failing to take listener needs into account. The research question was investigated by assessing five participants’ ToM skills within three target areas. The target areas were understanding of irony, false beliefs and humour. Each area was assessed first within an informal conversational context, and subsequently in a formal test environment. Performances in each environment were then compared. Comprehension of false beliefs provided a clear area of strength for all participants in both conversational context and a formal test environment. Performance on false belief tasks was strongest in conversation. In contrast, comprehension of both irony and humour was found to be considerably impaired in all live individuals, across both presentations. Further, successful performance on irony and humour tasks decreased in conversation. Therefore, irony and humour were believed to require more complex mentalising skills. The importance of the role of context in facilitating understanding in communication, and in creating a more accurate representation of the language and communication skills of people with chronic schizophrenia, has been supported by the findings of this study.
Student Perceptions of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Problem Based Learning
Authors: Murphy Kathleen
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to outline some of the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of a problem based learning approach to education. A questionnaire was devised which consisted of five open-ended questions that explored students’ perceptions of PBL and was distributed to first year and second year speech and language therapy students at Trinity College Dublin. Some of the advantages found in teaching psychology through PBL were as follows: the learning is deeper and more meaningful; the learning is fostered by a problem which is relevant to the students’ profession and solutions are generated as a result of teamwork, analysis and synthesis. Some of the disadvantages can include: a lack of meaningful interaction between students until the process itself had been learned and a perception of increased workload. The results indicate that while some of the practical issues of PBL, like workload and the ambiguity of the learning issues, are seen as disadvantages by the students, they appreciate on problem resolution that they have explored the issues more thoroughly and have thereby learned more deeply.
Speech and Language Therapy Services for Bilingual Clients
Authors: Hayden Aoife
Published: February 2022

Ireland has long been a country with speakers of more than one language. This is reflected in acknowledgement of both Irish and English as official languages since the creation of the state. In more recent times however, the number and variety of bilingual and multilingual speakers has increased greatly. This has significant implications for speech and language therapy services in particular. This article reviews the literature on speech and language therapy and bilingualism. It furthermore describes the results of research investigating the current provision of services to bilingual clients in a selected Irish regional health authority. A lack of appropriate services to bilingual clients is identified and some recommendations are made for improving service provision.
The World Wide Web and Speech and Language Therapy: Opportunities & Potential
Authors: Logan-Phelan Theresa
Published: February 2022

Speech and language therapy (SLT) services arc increasingly in demand. Obviously, the infrastructure to attract new therapists and provide them with continuous education, and their clients with accessible services has not changed at the same pace. The evolution of the World Wide Web (WWW)has provided us with a host of technological communicative tools, which allow people to connect and communicate with each other like never before. Despite distance, location and time, with a computer connected to the web we can all have access to these standardized communications tools. There is some preliminary evidence, reviewed in this paper, that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and in particular, the web, could offer the tools to bridge those gaps. This paper reviews a number of web resources such as information websites, on-line communities, web-based education for SLTs, preventive and therapy programmes which represent current practice in the use of the web in SLT in Ireland. The objective is to present some of the ways the web is currently used in supporting SLT and open up discussion for exploring new opportunities and potential for the integration of the World Wide Web to the profession.
The Instrumental Evaluation of Progression of Dysphagia in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Kidney Deirdre , Alexander Michael , O’Toole Orna , Hardiman Orla
Published: February 2022

Background: Swallow dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is common. The objective clinical tool most frequently employed in diagnostics for dysphagia is videofluoroscopic examination of swallow safety (VFES). Currently, there is no specific data to support the repeated use of this tool in ALS. This study describes the progressive changes in swallow function in ALS with VFES using a validated dysphagic scale over time, and the value of repeated evaluation with this test. A prospective observational study of 15 patients with a probable or definite diagnosis of ALS (in accordance with El Escorial criteria) was carried out. VFES was carried out at three monthly intervals. Clinical observations were analysed using the Dysphagia Outcome Severity Scale (DOSS) (O’Neill et al. 1999). Data was examined under the stratification of type of disease onset (bulbar and spinal). Analysis of DOSS scores over time showed that patients with ALS experience progressive but non-linear degeneration of swallow function. There was a high incidence of silent aspiration. There was a statistically significant difference in the rate of progression of dysphagia among patients with bulbar onset, compared to those with spinal onset. It was concluded that there is a non-linear progression of dysphagia in ALS. The findings support the benefits of repeated VFES for accurate assessment and treatment of dysphagia, and consequent nutritional decline in ALS.
A Case Study in Discourse-Based Intervention for Word-Finding Abilities
Authors: Corry Trina , Daly Trisha , Griffin Maria
Published: February 2022

Research indicates that while traditional word finding (WF) therapy techniques such as semantic and phonemic cueing are seen to have some benefits in reducing overt word finding behaviours (OWFB), particularly in isolated and structured communication situations, they do not facilitate the generalisation of skills learned to online communication. This lack of carryover highlights the need for a more naturalistic, dynamic and flexible therapeutic approach to WF. The aim of this study was to evaluate a discourse based intervention approach in reducing OWFBs in a young girl, called LL. A single case study design was conducted involving an 11-year old girl diagnosed with Specific Speech and Language Impairment (SSLI, which was characterised by word finding difficulties (WFDs). The study involved (i) identifying LL’s OWFBs through qualitative analysis of speech samples gained during assessment (ii) providing a discourse-based intervention focusing on picture elicited narrative, story retelling and inferencing activities (iii) evaluating the impact of the intervention on the OWFB profile through assessment at three points during intervention (time A1–pre-therapy, time B- post-therapy, time A2 – 4 month interval post therapy). Results showed that the number of OWFBs decreased from time A1 to time B. Inferencing skills were seen to develop but did not generalise to the unsupported context of retelling stories. A shift was seen in the OWFB profile from time A1 to time A2. It is concluded that a broader approach to WFDs through a discourse-based intervention facilitated word finding in the short term. This single case study highlighted LL’s need for a longer more intensive episode of intervention with a gradual decrease in visual and linguistic supports to allow for generalisation. Further research needs to address whether such intervention can be generalised to other children with varying profiles of SSLI and associated word finding difficulties.
Ta'tsiru Al-Barnamij Al-I'dadi Fi Tahsini Al-Maharat Al-Lughawiyah Atsna Al-Waba' (Covid-19)
Authors: Sugianto Irma Nur Fita , Hikmah Khizanatul
Published: February 2022

New students at Ma’had Umar Bin Al-Khattab for girls Sidoarjo have various educational backgrounds. So that the ability to speak Arabic is also different. To solve these problems, a preparation class was formed to equalize their language skills.  This study aims to determine the effect of the matriculation programs to improve the arabic language skills of new students. This study uses quantitative research methods using T-Test formula. T-Test formula is used to determine the comparison of student scores before and after taking matriculation programs. The results of  this study indicate that the matriculation programs has an effect on improving  the lamguage skills of each student. This difference is influenced by differences in the educational background of these students. In the matriculation program students are taught basic arabic lamguage skills such as maharah istima’, maharah kalam, maharah qiro’ah, and maharah kitabah. The existence of this matriculation programs is useful for equalizing language skills and preparing student’s language skills in order to take the lectures that will be taken.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Penggunaan Kamus Digital Bahasa Arab Di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Arifin Ahmad , Mulyani Slamet
Published: February 2022

The Arabic dictionary is the primary reference for students learning Arabic, mainly when translating. With advances in technology, dictionaries are no longer in sheets of paper but in digital form that mobile phones and desktops can be accessed. This study aimed to determine students' perceptions of the use of digital dictionaries and various aspects of the difficulties experienced by students. This exploratory research was conducted using a survey technique on randomly selected students, and a descriptive technique was used as an analytical tool. The number of respondents is as many as 100 students from 2 different universities. In general, answers related to students' perceptions can be mapped in several ways: 1) students’ ability to translate is still low. 2) students still have many difficulties when translating and how to use a dictionary. 3) dictionaries are still required, both digital and print. 4) google translate became the student's favorite dictionary. So, the author recommends special training in dictionaries at the beginning of lectures at the higher education level.
CONCEPT OF LEGAL PLURALISM AS THE BASIS OF THE RESEARCH OF NON-OFFICIAL LAW
Authors:   International Humanitarian University, Shambura Denis
Published: February 2022

The article explores the concept of legal pluralism. According to this concept law is regarded as a complex and multifaceted system of social regulation. It is confirmed that legal pluralism in general is opposed to a monistic understanding of the world. It is proved that the concept of "legal pluralism" was formed in the framework of such areas of legal thought as the sociology of law (G. D. Gurvich, E. Ehrlich, L. I. Petrazhitsky, P. A. Sorokin, N. S. Timashev, etc.), legal ethnology and legal anthropology (B. Malinovsky, A. R. RadcliffeBrown, etc.). The author affirms that at present the principle of legal pluralism is moving from the field of scientific discussions toward legal life. It was stated that legal pluralism rejects definitions of law exclusively as a result of state activity, and presupposes the existence of an unofficial law as a fact of legal reality. State law in this perspective is considered in one phenomenological series with canonical law, law of corporations, international law, norms of other social institutions. Summarizing, the author supports the point of view that the legal reality is more diverse than standardized and unified state rules of conduct. It can be argued that legal pluralism, denying the definition of law exclusively as a result of state activity, implies the existence of an informal law as a legal reality. This follows from the fact of social relations that are legal by their very nature. In other words, the pluralist approach refutes the one-line evolution of law, confirms the plurality of its forms and allows us to prove the existence of unofficial law in the legal life.
Evaluation of Electrical and Electromagnetic Geophysical Techniques to Inspect Earthen Dam and Levee Structures in Arkansas
Authors: Adams Ryan F. , Miller Benjamin V. , Kress Wade H. , Ikard Scott J. , Payne Jason D. , Killion Walter H.
Published: February 2022

Within the State of Arkansas, there is an increasing number of aging dams and levees that have little to no documentation concerning their construction or composition. Surface geophysical surveys offer a non-intrusive method for investigating these structures to describe their lithologic makeup, evaluate the materials constructed upon, and identify potential flow paths through them. Techniques such as electrical resistivity tomography, seismic refraction, and electromagnetic induction have been used to image dams and levees. They require additional information from geologic outcrops, geotechnical borings, or drill cores to make informed geologic interpretations of the geophysical models. These geologic models then allow the owners of these structures to make more informed decisions about their operation and maintenance. Between 2011 and 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted geophysical and geotechnical investigations of three earthen structures in Arkansas. Electrical and electromagnetic geophysical data were used to develop lithologic models of these structures and characterize the underlying geology. Self-potential surveys were utilized to detect the movement of water through these structures and identify any possible seepage pathways. Geotechnical methods such as electric and hydraulic direct-push well logs and cores acted as a control on the geophysical interpretations and a confirmation of anomalies. This integrated approach detected the lack of an impermeable core within a levee, imaged a change in lithology of the bedrock forming the seal beneath a gravity dam, and identified a potential seepage feature within the core of an earthen dam. These results further support that this method of extending known lithologic features via surface and borehole geophysics is a useful approach for characterizing earthen water-control structures.
Full Waveform Tomography to Address Challenges with Surface Wave Dispersion Information Caused by Significant Stochastic Variability of Subsurface Stiffness
Authors: Coe Joseph T. , Mahvelati Siavash
Published: February 2022

Surface wave methods have increased in popularity as a means to acquire rapid and accurate shear wave velocity ( VS) profiles for engineering applications. Use of the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method, in particular, has proliferated due to multiple factors, including the ease with which strong signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved and the increased dispersion resolution offered by multichannel acquisitions. However, typical MASW processing to extract dispersion information assumes the surface waves propagate through a layered model. Errors can arise when significant lateral variability is present in the underlying stratigraphy as encountered in certain geologic settings such as residual deposits. This study investigated the effects of such variability on the dispersion information acquired with MASW. In particular, a spatially-correlated Gaussian random field was used to model the natural fluctuations in stiffness introduced by depositional processes, which differs from the approach in other studies where more specific anomalous features have been explored. Numerical modeling was subsequently performed to simulate surface wave propagation in the representative geotechnical site condition. The recovered surface waves were used to develop a subsurface stiffness profile using a dispersion-based pseudo-2D MASW approach and a tomographic approach using full waveform inversion (FWI). The results demonstrate that considerable natural spatial variability significantly complicates interpretation of dispersion information in two primary ways: (1) uncertainty can arise regarding what the dispersion curve exactly quantifies since none of the underlying VSprofiles nor the average VSprofile are obtained; and (2) the dispersion images exhibit evidence of false depth-related dispersion information indicative of multiple “fundamental” modes from the superposition of multiple stratigraphic units. The FWI procedure that bypasses extraction of dispersion information was found to better recover the underlying subsurface conditions when compared to the pseudo-2D MASW results at the cost of additional computational efforts.
Fracture Critical Length Estimative Using Percolation Theory and Well Logging Data
Authors: Kowalski André C.G. , Mendonça Carlos A. , Ofterdinger Ulrich S. , Rocha Humberto R.
Published: February 2022

Groundwater transport in crystalline rocks follows pathways along fractured zones because of low primary porosity and permeability in such formations. Fractured systems encompass an imbricated set of joints and fractures with different lengths, apertures and orientations resulting in complex permeable systems with heterogeneous groundwater transport properties. Geophysical well logging has proved effectiveness in detecting depth levels with denser fracture distributions as well as the apparent aperture of fractures contributing to groundwater flow. In many cases, the extension spanned by a fracture network cannot be directly inferred because it may extend beyond the radius of investigation of common well logging probes, thus preventing quantitative estimation of critical length for lateral extension a connected fractured system may have. Here we apply a percolation theory model to estimate the critical length as inferred from the linear density of fracture distribution observed at the borehole wall with an optical imaging probe. Our results are analyzed with electrical well logging data (normal resistivity and single-point resistance) cross borehole slug tests using a set of three boreholes. A critical length of 3.9 m was inferred with a percolation model which revealed consistency with the cross borehole slug tests from two wells situated 10 m and 30 m in the vicinity of the monitored borehole. Our results suggest the utility of inferring critical percolation lengths from fracture parameters obtained using standard well logging imaging techniques with potential applications to evaluate groundwater resources, characterize contaminated sites and provide geotechnical information for works in fractured formations.
A Site-specific Comparison of Permeability Prediction Models in Alluvial Sediments from Physical and Geoelectrical Measurements
Authors: Glaser Dan R.
Published: February 2022

An evaluation of five petrophysical models for hydraulic permeability predication was completed for a site-specific set of alluvial sediments. The models considered were the Kozeny-Carmen (1927–1937), Börner (1996), Revil-Cathles (1999), and two Revil-Florsch (2010) models. The river deposited sediments represent a relatively narrow grain-size distribution, and were acquired adjacent to the Kansas River, in Olathe, Kansas. Using measured physical, electrical, and hydraulic data from Slater and Glaser (2003) , a comparison of the performance of these five petrophysical models for hydraulic permeability estimation of soils was completed. For models where the key parameter is effective grain-size, three model variations were considered using d10, d50, and d90, resulting in an evaluation of a total of eleven individual models. Parameters included in the models can be classified as three different types: a) physical parameters only, b) electrical parameters only, and c) physical and electrical parameters together. The performance of each model was rated in terms of linear regression R squared, slope, and y-intercept values when plotted against the measured hydraulic conductivities. The top three models were the Kozeny-Carmen, a modified Revil-Cathles, and the Börner model. The Kozeny-Carmen model performed with the highest rating, followed by the modified Revil-Cathles model, and the Börner model rounding out the top three. There was a significant disparity between the rating associated with the top three and the fourth best performing model suggested by Revil and Florsch. However, it should be noted that the Börner model and Revil-Florsch model are based entirely on electrical measurements. The Revil-Cathles model was greatly improved when d10 was substituted for d50 for this limited sediment grain-size range.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ГЕНДЕРНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ЯК ОСНОВА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ РОЗВИТКУ СТАРШОКЛАСНИКІВ
Authors: Топузов Олег , Малихін Олександр , Арістова Наталія
Published: February 2022

У статті висвітлюється формування гендерної культури старшокласників у закладах загальної середньої освіти. Проблема формування гендерної культури старшокласників на засадах розуміння гендеру й гендерної рівності зумовлена нагальною потребою в якнайшвидшому подоланні гендерних стереотипів і дискримінації чоловіків і жінок у сучасному українському суспільстві. На теоретичному рівні автори обґрунтовують необхідність організації освітньої діяльності старшокласників на основі усвідомлення провідних ідей гендерного підходу, що сприяє створенню необхідних умов для реалізації їхнього індивідуального потенціалу розвитку, формування навичок конструктивної міжгендерної взаємодії, і як результат, ефективно впливає на формування їхньої гендерної культури. Автори розглядають різні підходи до розуміння сутності поняття «гендер» і пропонують його власне уточнене визначення. Узагальнено принципи формування гендерної культури старшокласників, а саме: принцип доступності всіх видів і форм освітніх послуг; принцип урахування гендерних відмінностей та індивідуально-­типологічних особливостей старшокласників; принцип забезпечення рівних умов для розкриття здібностей і потреб старшокласників; принцип вибору індивідуальної освітньої траєкторії.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ МЕДІАДИДАКТИКИ У ШКІЛЬНУ МОВНО-ЛІТЕРАТУРНУ ОСВІТУ
Authors: Корицька Галина , Богдзієвич Світлана
Published: February 2022

У статті розглянуто загальні особливості інтеграції елементів медіадидактики в освітній процес, зокрема на уроках української мови та літератури. Виявлено протиріччя, що стосуються навчання/вивчення української в медіаосвітньому середовищі, окреслено певні переваги інтеграції медіа, що забезпечуватиме вивчення предмета на засадах медіадидактики. Увагу фіксовано на медіадидактичному моделюванні навчальних дій школярів під час використання медіапродуктів із метою виконання навчальних вправ. Розроблена авторами система завдань передбачає формування медіакомпетентності й досягнення очікуваних результатів. Аргументовано, що навчання здобувачів освіти на засадах медіадидактики сприятиме активізації пізнавальної діяльності, формуватиме інфомедійну грамотність, культуру. Виявлено наукові перспективні напрями модернізації шкільної освіти в умовах розвитку медіадидактики.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТА ФОРМИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ (ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ) ОСВІТИ
Authors: Купрієвич Вікторія , Паздрій Віталій , Антонюк Людмила
Published: February 2022

У статті визначено форми та особливості організації навчання в системі підвищення кваліфікації педагогічних працівників закладів професійної (професійно-­технічної) освіти в навчальному середовищі закладу післядипломної освіти. Уточнено контент навчальних програм на основі освітньо-­професійної програми підвищення кваліфікації цієї категорії слухачів, визначено сутність основних понять дослідження. Доведено, що процес підвищення кваліфікації педагогічних працівників закладів професійної (професійно-­технічної) освіти має конкретизуватися специфікою таких закладів.
АКТИВНЕ СЛУХАННЯ ЯК СПОСІБ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ У ПРОЦЕСІ НАВЧАННЯ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ У ЗВО
Authors: Нестеренко Людмила
Published: February 2022

У статті активне слухання розглядається як один із ключових інструментів, спрямованих на вдосконалення комунікації у процесі викладання іноземної мови (на прикладі англійської мови) у системі вищої освіти; охарактеризовані основні психологічні особливості здійснення комунікації в процесі викладання іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням та окреслені основні підходи щодо вдосконалення володіння англійською; проаналізовані різноманітні підходи до класифікації видів активного слухання. До основних видів активного слухання віднесені: емпатійне слухання, критичне слухання, пасивне слухання та активне слухання. На основі теоретичного аналізу видів активного слухання та вимог до викладання іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням у ЗВО визначені та охарактеризовані основні вимоги до використання активного слухання у процесі викладання іноземної мови. Окреслені переваги дотримання соціально-­психологічних (встановлення психологічного контакту; атрактивність; виявлення партнерської позиції; виявлення емпатійності; щирість у спілкуванні) та когнітивно-­контекстуальних (поєднання теоретичних та емпіричних матеріалів у момент викладення власної позиції; використання раціональних та емоційних звернень до аудиторії; використання ефекту новизни; дотримання порядку подачі матеріалу; здійснення повторення найбільш важливого матеріалу) вимог у процесі викладання іноземної мови за професійним спрямуванням у ЗВО. Сформульовані практичні рекомендації щодо використання вербальних та невербальних способів активного слухання. Доведено, що активне слухання сприяє забезпеченню позитивної атмосфери на заняттях з іноземної мови, мінімізації ймовірності конфліктних ситуацій та формуванню поваги й довіри між учасниками освітнього процесу.
ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД РОЗВИТКУ ІТ‑ОСВІТИ
Authors: Сейко Наталія , Єршов Микола-Олег
Published: February 2022

У статті представлено аналіз досвіду ЄС, США, Китаю, Сінгапуру, Південної Кореї, Індії, Малайзії у сфері забезпечення сталого цифрового розвитку освіти й суспільства. Показано, що в освітній політиці економічно розвинених держав актуалізоване поняття «розумне зростання», ключовим аспектом якого є розвиток ІТ‑освіти, що передбачає: постійне оновлення змісту освітніх програм; функціонування тренінгових ІТ‑центрів; розвиток дистанційної форми навчання; розгортання мережі віртуальних навчальних спільнот; залучення іноземних студентів до навчання на ІТ‑спеціальностях; забезпечення працевлаштування в ІТ‑галузі та на цифрових робочих місцях інших ринків праці. Охарактеризовано особливості реалізації державної освітньої політики цих країн, що можуть становити інтерес для розвитку вітчизняної ІТ‑освіти.
Implementation of Goal–Oriented Budgeting in the Defence Sector
Authors: Musil Petr
Published: February 2022

This article describes the starting points for implementing goal–oriented budgeting (management by objectives) into the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. It also focuses on the principles and factors that affect implementation.
Capabilities and Application Possibilities of the Intelligence Functional Sub–system of “HUTOPCCIS” Computer–aided Command System Operating on a Geospatial Information Systems Basis
Authors: Furján Attila
Published: February 2022

Operational command is to be implemented always in the area of operations, or area of responsibility, using command assets that have a direct effect on the operational activities, and are able to quickly and operatively react to changes in the situation, and to make available the necessary forces and equipment in due time corresponding to the current situation in order to support the combat activity. These requirements are met by field command systems.This study is aimed at presenting the development results, capabilities, and application possibilities of the computer–aided intelligence planning and command and data processing functional sub–system operating on a geospatial information systems basis.
Modification of the Radioactive Wastewater Treatment Technology in the Hungarian Nuclear Power Plant Paks
Authors: Pátzay György
Published: February 2022

This paper describes the results of a joint research program of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics and the Paks Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) to modify the radioactive wastewater treatment technology for the evaporator bottom tanks in the NPP. The main characteristics of the modified technology were that we first removed all the long life radioactive isotopes with an underwater plasma torch reactor (UPTR), micro and ultrafiltration and a cesium selective ion exchanger stable at pH~12–13. After the separation of precipitated borate crystals, the remaining liquid was released as chemical waste.
Non–destructive Material Testing (Ndt) Techniques Applied for the Life Extension Program of the Aircraft in the Hungarian Defence Forces
Authors: Bozóki János
Published: February 2022

Most aircraft in the Hungarian Defence Forces (HDF) were planned back in the 1960s and 70s. Accordingly, strategies of operating and maintaining these aircraft reflect the level of engineering, technology and diagnostics of that era. However, since the mid 1990s until today a new generation of modern aircraft (JAS–39 EBS HU Gripen, MiG–29 tactical fighter aircraft) have been used in the Hungarian Defence Forces. By using these third and fourth generation fighters, new, modern operating and maintenance environment and systems have also been introduced. This publication is aimed at providing a short overview of Non–Destructive Material Testing; a very special segment of the many diagnostic testing methods used during life extension programs.
Inspection of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways in Hungary
Authors: Kátai-Urbán Lajos , Kiss Enikő
Published: February 2022

It has not even been two years since disaster management took over the enforcement process of the transportation of dangerous goods by inland waterways. The international regulations of the transportation of dangerous goods by inland waterways are recorded in the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN). The most important goal of control and inspection is to get the regulations enforced in order to ensure transportation safety. The main goals of this article are to evaluate the experience, present the achievements and make proposals on how to correct the mistakes and deficiencies.
Survey on the Flood-Prevention of Municipal Governments during the Danubian Flood of the Century
Authors: Bárdos Zoltán
Published: February 2022

Given the risk of flood, inland water and local damage caused by water in Hungary, it is essential in most of the settlements to prepare for the protection of the inhabitants, the prevention and reduction of the damages. The protection against the damage caused by water — according to Law LVII of 1995 on water management — is the duty of the state organs and the local municipal governments. In this article I study the duties of the settlements on water damage defence according to the laws of local governments and water management. I analyse the application of the amended laws during the protective activity of settlements in Fejér County hit by the Danubian flood in 2013.
Crisis in the Central African Republic : Is It a Religious War in a Godforsaken Country or Something Else?
Authors: Tomolya János
Published: February 2022

The Central African Republic is a landlocked country located in the centre of Africa. Bordered by seven other countries in the heart of the African continent, it was ruled for most of the years after independence from France in 1960 by the self– styled “Emperor”, Jean–Bédel Bokassa. A series of coups followed, with power changing hands frequently. With more than 80 different ethnic groups, a mix of Christians, Muslims and followers of indigenous faiths, the country is notoriously difficult to rule, despite having a population of only 4.6 million. Despite significant deposits of gold, diamonds and uranium, and vast troves of timber, it is among the poorest nations on Earth, sitting just seven places from the bottom of the UN’s human development index. Chronic poor governance and lack of an efficient state has denied the wider population the benefits of the country’s potential riches. Chaos in the Central African Republic (CAR) is about power, not religion, this is neither jihad nor crusade. Fighting in CAR is over political power and money, with the capitol city Bangui as the prize.
Legal and Organizational Principles of Militia Activities of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1956
Authors: Grechenko V. A.
Published: February 2022

The year 1956 was significant both in the history of Ukraine and the USSR, but also for world history. The death of I.V. Stalin in 1953 marked the beginning of the partial liberalization of the political regime in the Soviet Union; the strongest impetus for the continuation and intensification of this process was in 1956, the year of the XX Congress of the CPSU and the CPSU Central Committee Resolution “On overcoming the Stalin’s cult of personality and its consequences”, where a lot of terrible truth about the Soviet past was told for the first time. This significantly changed the political and socio-economic situation in the country, in fact prevented further mass repression of the population and significantly changed the role of law enforcement agencies, which really began to acquire the characteristics of law enforcement. There was a change of the heads of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR and the Ukrainian SSR, which was another step in clearing the state leadership of the most odious Stalinist personnel and meant strengthening the control of the communist party agencies over the militia. The new leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs believed that the main shortcoming in the activities of the militia was the lack of activity in the fight against crime and the significant level of crime among police officers themselves. There were also shortcomings in the operative work on crime prevention and detection. The selection and placement of personnel was badly organized in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. There were many cases, when people without proper training were assigned to important areas of operative and investigative work in the militia. Departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and militia divisions in oblasts were reorganized into unified departments of internal affairs of executive committees of oblast Soviets of Workers’ Deputies, and militia departments in cities and districts were transformed into militia divisions of executive committees of city and district councils. That meant the resumption of dual subordination of local law enforcement agencies to executive committees of councils and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. But that reorganization did not have the desired effect.
Legal Status of the Court Administration
Authors: Teremetskyi V. I. , Kutsenko K. D.
Published: February 2022

The problems of the legal status of the court administration have been studied. The authors have accomplished analysis of scientific works, the authors of which studied specific features of the legal status of the court administration. It has been stated that the legal status of the court administration is determined by legislative acts and bylaws of Ukraine. The authors have suggested own definition of the legal status of the court administration. The legal status of the court administration is a list of rights, responsibilities and powers of the court administration established by law norms, which is determined by the tasks assigned to the organizational provision of the court and the administration of justice.

Some elements of the legal status of the court administration have been studied. It has been established that special functions, tasks, staff structure, specifics of appointment and dismissal, conditions of disciplinary liability are integral elements of the legal status of the court administration. It has been emphasized that the employees of the court administration perform the functions of organizational, technical and information provision of the court.

It has been proved that the legal status of the court administration is characterized by the following elements: performance of functions by the employees of the court administration on organizational, technical and information provision of the court; implementation of the court administration’s activity in accordance with the principles of legality, rule of law, professionalism, efficiency, political impartiality, transparency and others; selection of employees of the court administration on a competitive basis; performance of duties by the court administration in accordance with the established structure and staffing; the presence of a special legal status of the head of the local court administration, which consists in a special procedure for appointment and dismissal, a specific list of responsibilities.

Specific amendments to the current legislation on improving the legal status of the court administration have been offered.
Forensic Characteristics of Intentional Destruction or Damage of Property Belonging to a Law Enforcement Officer: Essence and Content
Authors: Chyzh A. P.
Published: February 2022

The subject matter of the study is the forensic characteristics of intentional destruction or damage of property belonging to law enforcement officers. The purpose of the article was to define the concept and components of the forensic characteristics of the studied crime.

The author has used special research methods, namely: the method of system analysis, comparative and legal, system and structural methods.

According to the results of the conducted study, the author has established that the circumstances to be clarified during the investigation, as well as the identification of a person who committed the crime, to some extent depend on the investigator’s knowledge of forensic characteristics of the crime he is investigating. The study of forensic characteristics for scientific purposes is the key to a thorough research and construction of other elements of the structure of forensic methodology.

It has been determined that the term of “forensic characteristics of intentional destruction or damage of property belonging to a law enforcement officer” should be understood as a generalized system of information, based on the analysis of materials of investigative, judicial and expert practice, about typical and interrelated characteristics that can be used as indicative information while investigating this category of crimes.

It has been established that the elements of the forensic characteristics of the studied crime include: the circumstances of the crime (time and place), modus operandi, tools and traces of its commission, the object of destruction or damage, the personality of the offender and the victim. According to the results of generalization of the practice of investigative and judicial agencies, each of the mentioned elements has been characterized.

It has been proved that all the above elements of the forensic characteristics of intentional destruction or damage of property belonging to a law enforcement officer, are in some way interrelated, but each of them has a different level of dependence.