bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNLOCK YOUR ENTREPRENEURIAL FUTURE: MASTERING SHOPEE AFFILIATE FOR SUCCESS
Authors: Pratesa Dimas Putri Mega , Rahma Adelia , Anfi Dieva
Published: January 2025

Digital entrepreneurship is increasingly becoming the main focus of economic development, especially in the era of rapid digitalization. The training aims to explore strategies and best practices in the Shopee affiliate program to support entrepreneurial success with presentation methods, interactive discussions, and case studies. The training results show that Shopee's affiliate program not only increases the revenue potential for affiliates but also contributes to improving entrepreneurial skills among students and business startups. The conclusion of this training emphasizes the importance of a deep understanding of digital marketing and the development of entrepreneurial skills to take advantage of the opportunities offered by platforms like Shopee. In the future, it is expected to guide individuals who want to maximize their business potential through affiliate programs.
RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE), EARNING PER SHARE (EPS) DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER) PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP CLOSING PRICE (CP) PADA PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2019 – 2021
Authors: Drs.H.Friyanto,MSA,Ak,CA,CPA,CSRA,CSP,ACPA,CTA,CFRMP,CFRS.  , Zuchruf Firdaus  , Erwin Adi Prayogo
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing and analyzing the influence of Return On Equity (ROE), Earning Per Share (EPS) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), on Closing Price (CP). In taking samples, this research used a purposive sampling method. The number of samples for this research was 14 companies with observations for 3 years so that the total research sample was 42 samples. The analysis used in this research is Multiple Linear Analysis, t Test (Partial), F Test (Simultaneous) and coefficient of determination test. The research results show that partially Return On Equity and Debt to Equity Ratio have no effect on Closing Price, while Earning Per Share partially has an effect on Closing Price. The research results simultaneously show that Return On Equity, Earning Per Share and Debt to Equity Ratio have an effect on Closing Price. The R² test (coefficient of determination) produces an R square value of 0.790 or 79%, this shows that the independent variable has a 79% influence on the Closing Price, while the remaining 21% is influenced by other variables outside this research.
Exploring the processes controlling secondary inorganic aerosol: evaluating the global GEOS-Chem simulation using a suite of aircraft campaigns
Authors: Norman Olivia G. , Heald Colette L. , Bililign Solomon , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Coe Hugh , Fiddler Marc N. , Green Jaime R. , Jimenez Jose L. , Kaiser Katharina , Liao Jin , Middlebrook Ann M. , Nault Benjamin A. , Nowak John B. , Schneider Johannes , Welti André
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Secondary inorganic aerosols (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, SNA) are major contributors to fine particulate matter. Predicting concentrations of these species is complicated by the cascade of processes that control their abundance, including emissions, chemistry, thermodynamic partitioning, and removal. In this study, we use 11 flight campaigns to evaluate the GEOS-Chem model performance for SNA. Across all the campaigns, the model performance is best for sulfate (R2 = 0.51; normalized mean bias (NMB) = 0.11) and worst for nitrate (R2=0.22; NMB = 1.76), indicating substantive model deficiencies in the nitrate simulation. Thermodynamic partitioning reproduces the total particulate nitrate well (R2=0.79; NMB = 0.09), but actual partitioning (i.e., ε(NO3-)= NO3- / TNO3) is challenging to assess given the limited sets of full gas- and particle-phase observations needed for ISORROPIA II. In particular, ammonia observations are not often included in aircraft campaigns, and more routine measurements would help constrain sources of SNA model bias. Model performance is sensitive to changes in emissions and dry and wet deposition, with modest improvements associated with the inclusion of different chemical loss and production pathways (i.e., acid uptake on dust, N2O5 uptake, and NO3- photolysis). However, these sensitivity tests show only modest reduction in the nitrate bias, with no improvement to the model skill (i.e., R2), implying that more work is needed to improve the description of loss and production of nitrate and SNA as a whole.
Aerosol layer height (ALH) retrievals from oxygen absorption bands: intercomparison and validation among different satellite platforms, GEMS, EPIC, and TROPOMI
Authors: Kim Hyerim , Chen Xi , Wang Jun , Lu Zhendong , Zhou Meng , Carmichael Gregory R. , Park Sang Seo , Kim Jhoon
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The vertical distribution of aerosols is crucial for assessing surface air quality and its impact on the climate. Although aerosol vertical structures can be complex, assuming a certain shape for the aerosol vertical profile allows for the retrieval of a single parameter – aerosol layer height (ALH) – from passive remote sensing measurements. In this study, we evaluate ALH products retrieved using oxygen absorption measurements from multiple satellite platforms: the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) focusing on Asia, the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) in deep space, and the polar-orbiting TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI). We use the extinction-weighted aerosol optical centroid height (AOCH) derived from aerosol extinction profiles of Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) as the ground truth. The differences due to the inconsistent definitions of ALH in various retrieval algorithms are investigated and eliminated before comparison. We select multiple dust and smoke cases under ideal observational conditions, referred to as “golden days”, for the evaluation. Given the significant role of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in ALH retrieval, we first evaluate the AOD from these retrievals against the ground-based AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET). Results show that the GEMS AOD at 440 nm has better agreement with the AERONET AOD of the ∼ 0.9 correlation coefficient (R) than that at 680 nm, both of which underestimate with a negative bias. In contrast, EPIC and TROPOMI tend to overestimate AOD by 0.33 and 0.23 for dust cases, while the bias for smoke plumes is small. Evaluation of ALH against CALIOP demonstrates that the EPIC/TROPOMI ALH has good consistency (R > 0.7) with CALIOP but is overestimated by approximately 0.8 km. The GEMS ALH displays minimal bias (0.1 km) but a slightly lower correlation (R = 0.64). Intercomparisons between three passive retrievals indicate that GEMS retrievals have a limited consistency with EPIC and TROPOMI of 0.3–0.4 R, while GEMS underestimates with ALHs of ∼ 0.3 and ∼ 0.6 km compared with TROPOMI and EPIC, respectively. The correlations improve under conditions of higher absorbing aerosols (UVAI ≥ 3), as the signal in the oxygen absorption band (O2–O2 used by GEMS) is enhanced. Although the ALH diurnal cycle from EPIC and GEMS shows some differences, they both demonstrate ALH descent in the afternoon, which might be related to the boundary layer process. Case studies show that the EPIC ALH indicates a morning ascent to around 4.5 km, while the GEMS ALH remains stable before descending to below 3 km in the afternoon.
Uncertainties in OCO-2 satellite retrievals of XCO2 limit diagnosis of transport model simulation uncertainty
Authors: Das Chiranjit , Kunchala Ravi Kumar , Patra Prabir K. , Chandra Naveen , Ishijima Kentaro , Machida Toshinobu
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Estimating regional CO2 sources and sinks is challenging due to limited data and uncertainties in transport models. Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) overcomes measurement limits, providing CO2 variations beyond in-situ networks. This study analyses altitude-wise model-observation CO2 differences from surface to upper troposphere using aircraft observations from ATom, Amazon, and CONTRAIL campaigns over OCO-2 total column CO2 (XCO2) sampling location to characterise sources of uncertainty in MIROC4-ACTM. We show model aligns better with ATom tropospheric columns (0.03 ± 0.03 ppm) than OCO-2 XCO2 (0.2 ± 0.5 ppm), especially over oceans, highlighting the need for expanded profile measurements to characterise errors robustly. Altitude-wise comparisons reveal this differences primarily occur in the lower troposphere (0–2 km), likely due to ACTM's near-surface land CO2 flux errors. In contrast, ACTM better matches aircraft CO2 in the middle (2–5 km) and upper (5–8 km) troposphere, likely due to accurate large-scale transport representation. Over the Amazon, CO2 differences with aircraft and OCO-2 differ, likely due to a lack of regional surface sites for inversion and insufficient high-altitude profile (~4 km) not representative of XCO2. Over Asian megacity airports, which are significant emission hotspots, the model shows a large negative difference with CONTRAIL than OCO-2. This discrepancy likely hints that MIROC4-ACTM is unable to capture urban fossil CO2 emission signals at airports due to coarse resolution (~2.8° x 2.8°) and higher resolution of OCO-2 limits ability to fully capture actual emission footprints.
The role of atmospheric large-scale patterns for recent warming periods in Greenland
Authors: Schalamon Florina Roana , Scher Sebastian , Trügler Andreas , Hartl Lea , Schöner Wolfgang , Abermann Jakob
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Atmospheric large-scale patterns strongly determine Greenland’s regional climate through air mass advection and local weather conditions, making them essential to understand atmospheric variability. This study analyses the occurrence of atmospheric large-scale patterns during two distinct warming periods of the recent past that we identify objectively in climatological data. The first warming period lasted from 1922 to 1932 and an average air temperature increase of 2.9 °C across all stations considered for this study. The second warming period lasted from 1993 to 2007 and had an average warming of 3.1 °C. We apply Self-Organizing Maps as a clustering technique based on the geopotential height of the 500 hPa pressure level using 20CRv3 reanalysis data to characterize prevalent atmospheric large-scale patterns and investigate their occurrence, persistence, and effects on air temperature anomalies at our study site (Qaamarujup Sermia) in West Greenland. Both warming periods show similar overall air temperature anomalies. However, the distribution of large-scale atmospheric patterns differs significantly, while the relationship between atmospheric large-scale patterns and local air temperature seems to be constant in time. This suggests that variations in Greenland’s warming are influenced by shifts in atmospheric circulation. This study emphasizes the critical role of changes in atmospheric large-scale patterns for understanding Greenland’s warming periods.
Advancing flow duration curve prediction in ungauged basins using machine learning and deep learning
Authors: Yi Sooyeon , Yoon Jeongin , Lee Chulhee , Lee Seonmi , Ji Jungwon , Lee Eunkyung , Yi Jaeeung
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The flow duration curve (FDC) represents the distribution of streamflow, providing vital information for managing river systems. Constructing FDC is especially challenging in ungauged basins where streamflow data are lacking. This study addresses key gaps by utilizing machine learning and deep learning models to predict FDC in ungauged basins. The objectives include: (a) identifying influential hydrologic, meteorological, and topographic factors, (b) evaluating various combinations of predictor variables, (c) assessing the effects of different precipitation metrics on flow predictions, and (d) comparing ML and DL model performance. We developed and evaluated random forest (RF), deep neural network (DNN), support vector regression (SVR), and elastic net regression (ENR) models using historical data from 140 streamflow stations. Feature importance analysis revealed that watershed area and precipitation were the key factors for high discharge percentiles, whereas land use and basin characteristics gained greater importance for medium and low flows. Scenario analysis showed that combining all variables yielded the highest accuracy in predicting FDC. Different precipitation metrics had minimal impact on streamflow predictions, indicating that other factors played a more significant role. The DNN outperformed RF, SVR, and ENR in predicting low (Q95), medium (Q50), and high flows (Q5), achieving an average coefficient of determination that was 8.03 % higher, a root mean square error that was 227.4 % lower on average, and a standard deviation that was 46.4 % lower. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of advanced ML and DL approaches for predicting FDC in ungauged basins, offering a foundation for advancing hydrological prediction.
A Novel Framework for Calibration and Evaluation of Hydrological Models in Dynamic Catchments
Authors: Lan Tian , Wang Xiao , Zhang Hongbo , Gong Xinghui , Xie Xue , Chen Yongqin David , Xu Chong-Yu
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Hydrological models often face challenges in accurately simulating dynamic catchment processes due to structural deficiencies caused by oversimplifications. This results in compromised accuracy in capturing dynamic behaviours across different flow phases in seasonal catchments. To address this challenge, this study proposes a robust calibration framework that incorporates dynamic catchment characteristics. Additionally, the potential impacts of objective function configuration and sub-period calibration with dynamic parameters were investigated in this study. A pre-processing framework was developed to bridge models with catchment dynamics by clustering time series into sub-periods with similar hydrological processes. Seven calibration experiments were conducted to explore issues related to time-invariant parameters, objective function configurations, parameter correlations, dimensionality in global optimization, and abrupt parameter shifts. The experiments were conducted using the MOPEX dataset, which includes 219 basins across the United States, and were evaluated based on performance metrics, as well as state variables and fluxes. The recommended calibration scheme effectively addressed challenges in dynamic parameter operations, significantly improving model performance across different flow phases and enhancing the simulation in dynamic catchments. In conclusion, incorporating dynamic parameters based on extracted catchment characteristics effectively mitigates structural deficiencies in hydrological models. This approach improves simulation accuracy across different flow phases, reduces uncertainty, and enhances the model's ability to capture dynamic hydrological processes in seasonal catchments. Our findings provide a practical solution for calibrating hydrological models in seasonal catchments, contributing to better understanding of the hydrological cycle.
Ecohydrological responses to solar radiation changes
Authors: Wang Yiran , Meili Naika , Fatichi Simone
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The implementation of future geoengineering projects to counteract global warming trends or more generally changes in aerosol loads alter solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. These changes could have effects on ecohydrological systems with impacts which are still poorly quantified. Here, we compute how changes in solar radiation affect global and local near-surface meteorological variables by using CMIP6 model results. Using climate model outputs, we compute climate sensitivities to solar radiation alterations. These sensitivities are then applied to local observations and used to construct two sets of numerical experiments: the first focuses on solar radiation changes only, and the second systematically modifies precipitation, air temperature, specific humidity, and wind speed using the CMIP6-derived sensitivities to radiation changes, i.e., including its land–atmosphere feedback. We use those scenarios as input to a mechanistic ecohydrological model to quantify the local responses of the energy and water budgets as well as vegetation productivity spanning different biomes and climates. In the absence of land–atmosphere feedback, changes in solar radiation tend to reflect mostly in sensible heat changes, with minor effects on the hydrological cycle, and vegetation productivity correlates linearly with changes in solar radiation. When land–atmosphere feedback is included, changes in latent heat and hydrological variables are much more pronounced, mostly because of the temperature and vapor pressure deficit changes associated with solar radiation changes. Vegetation productivity tends to have an asymmetric response with a considerable decrease in gross primary production to a radiation reduction not accompanied by a similar increase at higher radiation. These results provide important insights into how ecosystems could respond to potential future changes in shortwave radiation including solar geoengineering programs.
Ética, reflexividade e “momentos eticamente importantes” na pesquisa
Authors: Guillemin Marilys , Gillam Lynn
Published: January 2025

Tensões éticas fazem parte da prática cotidiana da pesquisa, de todos os tipos. Como os pesquisadores lidam com problemas éticos que surgem na prática de suas pesquisas, e há estruturas conceituais nas quais eles podem se basear para auxiliá-los? Este artigo examina a relação entre reflexividade e ética em pesquisa. Ele se concentra no que constitui a prática ética de pesquisa em pesquisa qualitativa e em como os pesquisadores efetivam a prática ética em pesquisa. Como uma estrutura para pensar sobre essas questões, as autoras distinguem duas dimensões diferentes de ética em pesquisa, o que elas designam como ética procedimental e “ética na prática”. A relação entre elas e o impacto que cada uma tem na realização da pesquisa são examinados. O artigo baseia-se na noção de reflexividade como uma maneira útil de entender tanto a natureza da ética na pesquisa qualitativa quanto como a prática ética em pesquisa pode ser efetivada.
Local Wisdom and Cultural Value of Traditional Cooking Game Performed by Students in Simalungun Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Susilo Hariadi , Marsella Emma , Ali Pawiro Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Local wisdom refers to the wisdom or knowledge of a community coming from the noble value of cultural traditions to regulate the order of people's lives. Traditional cooking game containing certain cultural values has the function of training and doing things that are important later in the community lives. This research is qualitative and the data source was taken from primary and secondary data. The primary data was obtained from observations at state elementary school 091666 located in Pasar I Naga Jaya, Bandar Huluan District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data analysis from the research instruments and from the local wisdom finds ten local wisdom of religiosity, curiosity, honesty, hard-working, creativity, discipline, friendship/communication, peaceful love, social care, and responsibility. Traditional cooking game shows the development of cultural values including the cognitive component of the cultural value knowledge of the traditional game. The game contains good, positive, and desirable values on a creative rational basis for problem-solving and affiliated skills.

Keywords: Local wisdom, cultural value, cooking game, school students
Anatomical and topographic features of the flexor muscles of the hip joint in a maine coon cat
Authors: Slesarenko N. A. , Shirokova E. O. , Oganov E. O.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the anatomical features of the flexors of the hip joint in an ordinary domestic cat of the Maine Coon breed, which are absent in the available literature. We have clarified the points of fixation of the large lumbar, iliac, sartorial and scallop muscles. The research was carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Professor A. F. Klimov of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MBA named after K.I. Scriabin. The material for the research was a sectional material- pelvic limbs (n=8), selected from a Maine Coon domestic cat, without external signs of musculoskeletal system pathologies. The methods of fine macro- and microanatomic dissection under the control of a binocular magnifier "Micromed HR 350 S" were used, followed by functional analysis of the studied structures and skeletotopic projection of points of attachment of muscle parts. It is shown that in a Maine Coon cat, the flexors of the hip joint include a complex of muscles - the tensor of the wide fascia of the thigh, the iliolumbar, sartorial and scallop muscles. The strainer of the wide fascia of the thigh, fusing in the distal part of the fascia with the deep fascia of the thigh and with the quadriceps femoris muscle, creates a pressor effect on this muscle and helps it to unbend the knee joint. The iliolumbar muscle not only bends the hip joint, but also acts as a joint support, as well as an extensor of the knee joint due to cranial thickening (i.e., concentrations of muscle fibers at the cranial edge of the muscle). It passes from the hip to the shin with a wide distal end, which indicates that its lamellar part, together with a slender muscle, optionally also acts as a flexor of the knee joint.
Amino acid blood parameters of three-breed hybrid pigs in the linear equation model
Authors: Konte A. F. , Nedashkovsky I. S. , Voronina O. A. , Kolesnik N. S. , Savina A. A. , Zaytsev S. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Amino acid parameters provide important and relevant data for objective assessment of physiological and biochemical status of organism and patterns of formation of economically useful traits of animals. The objective of this work is to model phenotypic and genetic patterns of variability of main amino acid parameters of blood of pig hybrids within the framework of mixed equation model. Main 19 amino acid parameters of blood serum of 58 heads of three-breed hybrids (Large White × Landrace × Duroc) were obtained and studied: content (g/100 ml) of aspartic acid and its amide (ASP+ ASN) was 0.64; glutamic acid and its amide (GLU+GLN) ‒ 1.04; alanine (ALA) – 0.46; glycine (GLY) – 0.28; threonine (THR) – 0.34, serine (SER) – 0.39; cysteine (CYS) – 0.21; methionine (MET) –0.07; valine (VAL) – 0.52; isoleucine (ILE) – 0.28; leucine (LEU) –0.83; tyrosine (TYR) – 0.46; phenylalanine (PHE – 0.50); histidine (HIS) – 0.31; lysine (LYS) – 0.69; arginine (ARG) – 0.51; proline (PRO) – 0.41. To calculate the correlation values, covariance and variance of features, models using the REMLF90 programs were fulfilled. It was shown that all amino acids have moderate and strong both phenotypic and genetic correlations (r> 0.5). All amino acids have a fairly close connection with the main biochemical indices. From the above, we can conclude that the equation of the mixed model allows us to obtain a deep understanding of the nature of the variability of the main amino acid indices of the blood, connected in a complex labile biochemical system.
INFLUENCE OF FEED ADDITIVE MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE FOR JERSEY COWS WITH SIGNS OF OSTEODISTROPHY
Authors: Biryukov K. N. , Ryazanov I. G. , Kapitonova E. A.
Published: January 2025

One of the common disorders in highly productive animals is nutritional osteodystrophy, which leads to significant economic losses. Most often, a violation of mineral metabolism is observed in highly productive cows during lactation, when their last caudal vertebrae soften or completely disappear. To achieve the best physiological parameters of Jersey dairy cows, we were tasked with studying the practical significance of using the Monocalcium Phosphate feed additive in the treatment of nutritional osteodystrophy in Jersey cows in industrial livestock farming conditions. The purpose of the research work was to establish the effect of the feed additive “Monocalcium phosphate” in the treatment of nutritional osteodystrophy in cattle. We formed two groups of animals, according to the principle of analogous pairs in age and live weight (n=75). The control group was fed according to the diet generally accepted on the farm. In the experimental group, “Monocalcium phosphate” was administered with animal feed for 30 days at a rate of 100 g/animal. daily. During the first five days, the dose was gradually increased. On the first day, the additive was introduced at the rate of 10 g/ bird, on the second day – 20 g/bird, on the third – 40 g/bird, on the fourth – 60 g/bird, and then 80 g/bird. once. The duration of observations was 30 days. Blood for analysis was taken from the saphenous vein in the neck in the morning, before feeding the animals. The results of the experiment showed that the inclusion of monocalcium phosphate in the diet of animals had a positive effect on the clinical composition of the blood. In particular, in the experimental group the level of hemoglobin increased by 3.2%, total protein - by 6.2%, reserve alkalinity - by 10.1%, Ca - by 2.56% and P - by 17.07% at optimizing the ratio of microelements. Thus, based on the research conducted, it has been established that that the use of “Monocalcium phosphate” in the diets of dairy herds helps to improve metabolic processes in the body of animals, normalize mineral metabolism, and, consequently, prevent nutritional osteodystrophy.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE POLYMER COATING OF THE FEED TABLE FOR DAIRY COWS
Authors: Dursenev M. S. , Paderina R. V. , Vinogradova N. D.
Published: January 2025

Many factors influence the milk productivity of cows. One of such factors is the technology of feeding animals, the element of which is the feed table and its coating. The article provides data on the effectiveness of using the polymer coating of the "Meadow of Health" fodder table in the technology of feeding dairy cows. As a result of the studies, it was found that the use of the "Meadow of Health" coating contributes to a significant decrease in microbial contamination: the number of microbial cells in group 1 after 5 months from the beginning of the study was more than 2, and 2 - 3.7 times less than in group 3 (P ≥ 0.95). The use of the cover of the fodder table "Meadow of Health" contributes to a reliably better (P ≥ 0.95) food consumption. Cows from the polymer feed table ate feed 7.0- 8.6% more than from concrete. Over the entire observation period, the cows of the 1st experimental group improved their performance by 13%, and the indicators of the 4th control group decreased by 9%. The increase in dairy productivity of cows is observed when transferring from the section with a concrete feed table to the section with the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health." The average daily milk yield of cows with such a transfer within four months increases by an average of 0.4-13 kg. When transferring from a polymer feed table to a concrete one, a decrease in the average daily milk yield of cows is observed. Thus, the effect of the polymer coating of the feed table on the milk yield of cows was established. The calculation of the efficiency of using the polymer coating of the feed table showed that in the first month, due to the profit from the additionally received milk, the costs of the polymer coating pay off by 65.7-77.7%.
THE COMPOSITION OF THE ECOFAUNA OF CILIATES IN WILD UNGULATES OF YAKUTIA
Authors: Slepsov E. S. , Alferov I. V. , Gavrilieva L. Y. , Vinokurov I. E. , Grigoryeva N. N.
Published: January 2025

The article is dedicated to the study of endobiont ciliates inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of various ungulate species, with a focus on their species, diversity, and dependence on diet and physiological characteristics. The study provides detailed data on the microbiota of the rumen in moose, the forestomachs of wild reindeer, mountain goats, and roe deer. In the moose (Alces alces), four species of ciliates were identified, belonging to three genera: Entodinium, Epidinium, and Diplodinium. These species include Entodinium exiguum, Epidinium ecaudatum ecaudatum, Epidinium ecaudatum cattaneoni, and Metadinium minorum. Studies of endobiont ciliates in wild reindeer inhabiting Yakutia revealed the presence of 14 ciliate species, belonging to six genera: Entodinium, Diplodinium, Eudiplodinium, Ostracodinium, Epidinium, and Dasitricha. Of these, six species were common across all investigated populations and were classified into four genera: Entodinium, Diplodinium, Eudiplodinium, and Epidinium. These findings indicate the diversity of the microbiota in reindeer, which is dependent on their ecosystem and diet. In the mountain goat, five species of ciliates were found, belonging to three genera: Entodinium, Epidinium, and Eudiplodinium. Notably, Entodinium anteronucleatum was identified as species-specific for the mountain goat, making it unique in the context of the microbial biodiversity in the forestomachs of even-toed ungulates. As for the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus pygargus), two ciliate species were detected in its forestomachs: Entodinium dubardi and Entodinium exiguum, both belonging to the genus Entodinium. The study results emphasize the importance of species-specific nutrition and physiological characteristics in shaping the gastrointestinal microbiota. Furthermore, the potential of using endobiont ciliates for transplantation into the forestomachs of other animals is discussed, with the aim of improving their health and productivity.
DYNAMICS OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GOAT MILK IN RELATION TO MILK PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Zaytsev S. Yu. , Savina A. A. , Voronina O. A. , Devyatkin V. A.
Published: January 2025

Goat breeding in Russia is one of the rapidly developing branches of animal husbandry. The aim of this work was to study a number of parameters of the antioxidant activity of goat milk. The main parameters of milk from 48 goats (“Bylinkino” peasant farm, Moscow region) were obtained and studied. The highest average value (23.5 mg/ l) of total concentration of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) was noted in the highest-yielding goats (group 3), which is 25.0% and 48.7% higher than in groups 2 and 1, respectively. In group 2, the average value of TAWSA (18.8 mg/l) was significantly lower than in group 3, but almost 19.0% higher than in the control group 1 (in the lowest-yielding goats). In case of group 1, the total number of strong and very strong correlations between the main indicators of goat milk is significantly higher than in groups 2 and 3. Thus, in group 1, very strong positive correlations are observed between TAWSA and fat, lactose, etc., as well as moderate positive correlations - between TAWSA and indicators of total and true protein. Negative strong (moderate) correlations at the level were found between TAWSA and morning (daily) milk yield. The latter negative correlations indicate the inability of the organism to synthesize biologically active substances in the volumes that give high TAWSA values and are necessary to maintain the antioxidant activity of goat milk at a sufficient level for group 1.
NAVIGATING THE IMPLEMENTATION AND CHALLENGES OF LOCAL CONTENT CURRICULUM FOR RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AT MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Nafi'ah Siti Anisatun , Faoziah Niswatin , Ngaini Luluk Nurul , Khairunisa Nurfita
Published: January 2025

In recent years, many elementary schools/ Sekolah Dasar (SD) and Islamic primary schools/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) have depended primarily on the national curriculum. However, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) can benefit from adopting innovative curriculum models to strengthen its role in the community and create a strong brand identity. This study investigates the balance and consistency of a local curriculum grounded in diniyah (Islamic religious) education, analyzed through the Curricular Spider Web model. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with five teachers and a school principal and classroom observations. Data analysis was conducted through data condensation, display, and verification processes. The findings reveal that the curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ma’arif Nahdlatul Ulama Brunosari aligns well with the Spider Web model's components. However, challenges remain, particularly in the teacher’s role component, as some students continue to struggle with material mastery, indicating a need for further support and adaptation in curriculum delivery
Human Security and Environmental Crisis in Nigeria: Addressing Interconnected Threats to Sustainable Development
Authors: C. I. Erondu, , E. Nwakanma,
Published: January 2025

Nigeria faces a combination of environmental degradation, socio-political instability, and public health challenges that severely threaten human security and sustainable development. This research investigates the interrelated nature of these hazards using the frameworks of Human Security and Political Ecology. While desertification and climate change in northern Nigeria worsen food hunger and insurgency, environmental crises especially oil pollution and deforestation in the Niger Delta intensify health concerns and resource disputes. Economic pressures, including fuel subsidy removal, inflation, and inequitable resource distribution, further undermine livelihoods and deepen vulnerabilities. This paper highlights the importance of integrated solutions addressing acute personal fears as well as systemic governance shortcomings and social inequality. Emphasizing cooperative efforts among government, communities, and international stakeholders to build resilience and sustainable development, recommendations include strict environmental policies, fair resource management, healthcare infrastructure improvements, and climate adaptation strategies.
Green approach: A simple one-pot synthesis of pyranopyrazoles scaffold
Authors: Saradhi Ch. Vijaya , Rani G. Usha , Veni P. Rama Krishna
Published: January 2025

The past decade has witnessed significant progress in synthesizing structurally diverse and biologically relevant pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives through the integration of green methodologies. A straightforward and environmentally friendly one-step method has been developed to synthesize divergent pyranopyrazoles in good yields with the aid of zinc acetate as a Lewis acid catalyst in toluene as solvent under reflux conditions.
Review of synthesis process of 1,3,4-oxadiazole analogs
Authors: Atif Assiya , Alami Abouelhaoul El , Youssoufi Fatima , Jebbari Said , Sir Houssine Ait
Published: January 2025

This review presents 1,3,4-oxadiazole which has considerable importance in the fields of pharmacy, medicine, corrosion and coordinate chemistry. 1,3,4-oxadiazole plays a vital role and is a simple substance for many pharmacokinetic compounds such as antifungal drugs, antibacterial drugs, most cancer tumors and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study describes many methods for the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole.
A review on conversions of Furfural: Gateway for numerous applications
Authors: Martis Glanish Jude , Sneha O. , Bhat D Rajkumar , Mugal Praveen S
Published: January 2025

Due to highly functionalized molecular structure, furfural has made a huge impact in renewable platforms. As there is a big need of producing renewable sources, this review reveals several attempts made by researchers distributed in every nook and corner of the world to produce furfural-based derivatives. As furfurals are converted to various forms, they reflect many applications both with respect to economy and environment friendly approach. In this review, a summarized detail of various reactions of furfural substrates are provided which includes Diels-Alder reactions, Oxidations, Hydrogenations, Hydrogenolysis, Conversions to C6 Carboxylic acids, Furfuryl amines, Cyclopentenones and other useful compounds. These compounds and their applications in various fields are mentioned systematically. The chemical as well as biocatalytic conversions are explained in detail which will help to know the future challenges and hurdles when design and optimization of furfural derivatives are concerned.
Gynaecological patients have a role of echographic researches in diagnostics of postoperative complications
Authors: Kostikov Valery
Published: January 2025

The objective:to estimate the diagnostic value of ultrasonic research in diagnostics of postoperative complications for gynaecological patients.Materials and methods. The analysis of results of ultrasonic inspection is conducted 90 patients which acted for endoscopic operative treatment and have had previous surgeries on the organs of abdominal region and small pelvis. Echographic research consisted of two stages: transabdominal and transvaginal, which was conducted on a certain chart. The area of skin postoperative scars was aiming estimated, projection on the front abdominal wall of cut of parietal peritoneum during previous operations and periomphalic area. A few special tests were used: traction and compression test.Results. Most informing with the purpose of diagnostics of complications are the followings echographic signs: local bulge of parietal peritoneum with strengthening of echo-signal, presence of educations with a liquid in a small pelvis, unconnected with an ovary, positive traction and compression tests. The results of echographic researches fully coincided with information of clinical inspections during the repeated surgical treatment. Conclusion. Echographic research is the informing method of diagnostics of complications (to the adhesive process) in an abdominal region and small pelvis and location for the first trocar during laparoscopic operations.Keywords:gynaecological operations, complications, ultrasonic research.
Women have medical­and­social and dermatological aspects with a premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Kosyuta Myroslava , Kovalishin Orysya
Published: January 2025

The objective: women have a study of medical-and-social and dermatological features with the syndrome of premenstrual tension (SPMT). Materials and methods. For determination clinical-pathogenetic variants of SPMT 2 groups of inspected were selected: 100 patients with the SPMT (basic group) and 50 practically healthy women which had menstruations (control group). Women which entered in a basic group had different displays of SPMT. By us 20 basic symptoms of SPMT were selected, each of which was estimated in bulk-tankers from 0 to 3. Results. Research of social status of women rotined with the SPMT, that a most percent was oc-cupied by housewifes 39,0% in basic and 36,0% in a control group; 25,0% were such which serve, from them 24,0% in basic and 26,0% in a control group; 18,0% worked on industrial enterprises; 4,0% women were the workwomen of agriculture and the 14,0% inspected was such which study. The estimation of domestic status also did not find out reliable differences in groups which was studied. There were most women of both basic (43,0%) and control group in the first registered marriage (42,0%). Almost fourth of women, both in a basic and in control group were not married (25,0% and 28,0% respectively); 18,0% inspected tendon in civil marriage. The last patients were n the second registered marriage (12,0%). Substantial differences according to the domestic regulations for the women of basic and control group discovered it was not. At the same time inter-estingly to mark that the more than half (51,0%) of women of basic group estimates mutual rela-tions in families as «bad» or difficult to estimate them, and in the control group of such women was reliable less than (20,0%; р<0,001). Frequency of dermatological diseases (acne) was 30,0%. Conclusions. The results of the conducted researches testify to the substantial role of medical-and-social factors and dermatological diseases for patients with the SPMT. It must be taken into account at development of complex of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures. Keywords:premenstrual syndrome, dermatological diseases, medical-and-social value.
Features of pathogeny of hyperplastic processes of uterus
Authors: Strakhovetska Yuliya
Published: January 2025

The objective:establishment of role infectious to the pathogen in development of hyperplastic processes of uterus. Materials and methods. 250 women which were up-diffused on five groups were inspected. Plugging criteria are in research: presence of the combined hyperplastic processes of uterus - two and more for a disease (endometrial hyperplasia, uterine fibroids and adenomyosis), verified morphologically, fertile age (25–45 years). On the basis of clinical motion of disease, information of genital status and pathomorphological conclusion the followings groups were formed: I a group was made by 50 women with the hyperplastic process of endometrium and uterine fibroids, II group – 50 women with hyperplastic process of endometrium and adenomyosisом; III group - 50 patients with combination of three diseases – adenomyosis, uterine fibroidss and endometrial hyperplasia. Foundation for plugging in the group of comparison was a presence exceptionally of endometrial hyperplasia (without combination with uterine fibroids and adenomyosis, IV is a group) (information retrospective inspection, n = 50). The control V group was made by 50 women from a contingent gynaecological of healthy (for comparison of immunological indexes). In the complex of the conducted researches were used clinical, microbiological, echographic, endocrinology, morphological and statistical methods. Results. It is set pathomorphological researches of operating biopsies (endometrium, uterine fibroids and hearths of adenomyosis), that for patients with combination of endometrial hyperplasia with a uterine fibroids and adenomyosis is the signs of chronic inflammatory process in tissues of uterus. Infecting of tissues of endometrium and myometrium de bene esse by pathogenic microorganisms (21,7% women are with the hyperplastic processes of uterus); staggered by them not only mucus shell but also myocytes (in 26,9% – with uterine fibroids,16,1% – endometrial hyperplasia, 40% – from adenomyosis). High middle title of Mycoplasma of hominis 6,12±0,19 CFU/ml (from 104 to 109). Correlation of hyperplastic diseases of uterus is with the stamms of mutants of M. hominis (r=+0,36; p=0,012).Conclusions. The got results allow to examine infectious pathogens as cofactors of hyperplastic processes uteruses, nosotropic related to the representatives of flora of lower departments of genital highway and such which take participating in realization of inflammatory process.Keywords: hyperplastic processes of uterus, pathogeny, pathogens.
Features of perinatal consequences of delivery are at the misplaced of placenta
Authors: Talko Olexandr
Published: January 2025

The objective: to learn the features of perinatal consequences at the misplaced of placenta. Materials and methods. There were 148 women (basic group) with the misplaced of placenta. A low placentation found out at ultrasonic research in the term of 14-16 week pregnancies. In obedience to classification of anomalies of placentation and variants of migration of placenta, the criterion of including of patients in a basic group was a location of placenta (in 14 – 16 week) in the distance less than 2 sm from the internal pharynx of servix. As a control group it is inspected 60 practically healthy pregnant with a normal placentation. In the complex of the conducted researches were included clinical, echographic, microbiological, morphological, statistical. Results. In the basic group of women from 75 sick children the intrauterine infecting is diagnosed in 10 (13,2%): generalized herpetic infection (3) and intrauterine pneumonia (7). For certain the large stake of the intrauterine infecting is marked among newborns for patients which was observed concerning a low placentation: 1 – 13,0%, 2 – 16,7% and 3 – 6,3%. For all children which at birth the taken away diagnosis intrauterine infecting, research of whey of blood is mine-out by the method of polymerase chain reaction, sowing of strokes from a trachea, pharynx, anus. It is discovered that among exciters on the first place on frequency there is a virus of simple herpes of 1, 2 types both in the isolated kind and in the variant of the combined infection: cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma, fungi of genus Candida; chlamydia and enterococcus.Conclusions. Antenatal of violation of the state of fetus for women with placenta previa and its migration is determining in neonatal pathology and origin of complications of maternity process, that on a background the chronic suffering of fetus strengthens his state and results in considerable frequency of birth of sick children or intranatal their death. The got results must be taken into account at development of tactic of conduct of pregnancy delivery of women with the misplaced of placenta. Keywords:anomalous placentation, perinatal consequences, features.
Intraventricular Intimal Intussusception of Stanford Type A Dissection
Authors:   Attending physician of Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Surgical Department, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chou Yu-Lun
Published: January 2025

A 47-year-old woman with hypertension presented with chest pain radiating to her back in the morning. She was transferred from metropolitan hospital to our medical center emergency department under the impression of acute Stanford type A aortic dissection
Resenha sobre o livro "Defesa nacional, fronteiras e migrações: estudos sobre segurança integrada e ajuda humanitária"
Authors: Rodríguez Marco Giovanny Rodríguez
Published: January 2025

O livro Defesa Nacional, Fronteiras e Migrações: Estudos sobre Segurança Integrada e Ajuda Humanitária aborda problemas inerentes aos fatores de insegurança decorrentes de novas ameaças globais, caracterizadas pelo crime organizado, tráfico de armas, crimes transfronteiriços, atores não estatais violentos, crimes ambientais, migração forçada de pessoas; Adota abordagens de segurança integrada, estudos de segurança internacional, estudos de defesa e outros aspectos baseados na experiência dos organizadores do projeto, bem como autores e coautores de capítulos; Permitindo apresentar uma perspectiva brasileira sobre a percepção desses problemas e suas abordagens a serem colocadas no debate público para a análise de uma comunidade epistêmica e interação pela sociedade, para a busca de melhoria contínua nos processos decisórios nacionais sobre defesa, segurança, fronteiras e migrações.
Performance Measurement of Digitalisation Strategies by 21st Century Businesses: An Empirical Study
Authors: Anand Muley
Published: January 2025

The current business scenario is a buzz with the concept of digitalization, influence companies to undergo quick transformations. However, it is essential to understand that every business progresses at its own pace and yield varied outcomes. The focus of technological transformation must revolve around optimization of operational processes, enrichment of customer experiences, and reshaping business models. Effective business transformation requires strong leadership from management. Digitalization plays an essential role in enhancement of performance of Indian businesses and overcoming financial difficulties as it offers alternate options of financing. The increased convenience to alternate finance has significantly elevated the operational performance, profitability, and productivity of SMEs in India. It's vital to note that digitalizing a business doesn't mean creating an entirely new entity. Rather, it involves remodelling present business to leverage present assets in novel ways. Companies worldwide aspire to invest in Digital India, recognizing it as a growth opportunity in the 21st century. A sample of 219 respondents was collected from different business sectors.