bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evliya Çelebi’nin Etnografik Bir Eser Olan Seyahatnamesinde Bugünün İdari Sınırları İçinde Kalan Hatay
Authors: ŞAHİN Kadriye
Published: August 2022

Osmanlı Döneminde XVII. yüzyılda yaşamış olan ünlü seyyah Evliya Çelebi’nin Seyahatname isimli eseri, dönemine kaynaklık eden detaylı bir çalışmadır. Seyyah, gezip gördüğü yerlere ve insanlara dair gözlem ve bilgilerini anlattığı eseri aynı zamanda etnografik açıdan değerlendirilebilen bir metindir. Bu nedenle, seyyahın eseri tarih, coğrafya, sosyoloji, gastronomi, arkeoloji, din bilimleri ve diğer birçok alanda çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Tüm bu bilim alanlarının yanı sıra insanın bilimi olan antropoloji için dönemin toplumsal yapı, kültür, mimari, ekonomi, dil, sosyal sınıf, eğitim inanç, gelenek ve ötekileri noktasında zengin bir etnografik veri sunar. XVII. Yüzyıl Osmanlı Döneminin gündelik yaşamına yakından tanıklık eden seyyah, zaman zaman mübalağalı anlatımlarının yanında seyahat ederken aynı zamanda katılımcı gözlemleri ile doğrudan veriler elde ederek eserini oluşturmuştur. Bu anlamda eseri hem kendi dönemi hem de kendisinden çok daha eski dönemleri içeren anlatılar ile doludur. Bu çalışmada seyyahın döneminde idari sınırları farklı olsa da günümüzde Akdeniz’in en doğusunda yer alan Hatay ilinin XVII. yüzyıldaki görünümü etnografik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca seyahatnamede geçen ve bugün Hatay ili sınırları içinde kalan yerlerin inanç, ekonomi, mimari, doğal çevre, hastalıklar, ticaret ve etno-dinsel yapısı gibi konuların ışığında gündelik hayata ışık tutan verilere ortaya konulmuştur.
Âşık Şiirinde Kuş Motifleri
Authors: DEMİRKAYA Barış
Published: August 2022

Çalışmanın konusu asırlık bir birikimin temsilcisi olan âşıkların şiirlerinde geçen kuş motiflerini belirlemek ve bu kuşların hangi özellikleri ile birlikte ele alındığını yorumlamak olmuştur. Türk kültürünün ortak kültür miraslarından olan âşık şiiri üzerinden kültüre ait unsurların izini sürmek mümkündür. Toplumun bir parçası olan ve toplumdan beslenen âşıklar toplumun maddi ve manevi unsurlarını şiirlerine taşımıştır. Bu maddi unsurlardan biri olan hayvanların da insanların zihninde edindiği manalar bütün dünya ülkelerinde ortak ve çeşitli şekillerde kendine yer edinmiş, bu sembolik anlamsal zenginlik Türk âşık şiirinde de son derece mühim bir karşılık bulmuştur. Bu unsurlardan biri olan kuş motifleri de âşıklar tarafından yoğun şekilde kullanılmış, kuşlar fiziksel ve manevi özellikleriyle birlikte değerlendirilerek ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada turna, Anka, karga ve şahin motifi temel alınmış ve bu motifler şiirlerle desteklenerek alt başlıklar halinde incelenmiştir. Konunun kapsamı çok geniş olduğundan burada belli âşıklara yer verilmiş ve bu âşıkların şiirlerinde geçen kuş isimleri taranmıştır. Elde edilen bilgiler ışığında kuş motifinin maddi hayattaki ve mitsel manadaki karşılığı şiirler üzerinde yapılan tespitlerle beraber verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
An Evaluation of Biomass Burning Aerosol Mass, Extinction, and Size Distribution in GEOS using Observations from CAMP2Ex
Authors: Collow Allison B. Marquardt , Buchard Virginie , Colarco Peter R. , da Silva Arlindo M. , Govindaraju Ravi , Nowottnick Edward P. , Burton Sharon , Ferrare Richard , Hostetler Chris , Ziemba Luke
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Biomass burning aerosol impacts aspects of the atmosphere and Earth system through radiative forcing, serving as cloud condensation nuclei, and air quality. Despite its importance, the representation of biomass burning aerosol is not always accurate in numerical weather prediction and climate models or reanalysis products. Using observations collected as part of the Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) in August through October of 2019, aerosol concentration and optical properties are evaluated within the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) and its underlying aerosol module, GOCART. In the operational configuration, GEOS assimilates aerosol optical depth observations at 550 nm to constrain aerosol fields. Particularly for biomass burning aerosol, without the assimilation of aerosol optical depth, aerosol extinction is underestimated compared to observations collected in the Philippines region during the CAMP2Ex campaign. The assimilation process adds excessive amounts of carbon to account for the underestimated extinction, resulting in positive biases in the mass of black and organic carbon, especially within the boundary layer, relative to in situ observations from the Langley Aerosol Research Group Experiment. Counteracting this, GEOS is deficient in sulphate and nitrate aerosol just above the boundary layer. Aside from aerosol mass, extinction within GEOS is a function of ambient relative humidity and an assumed particle size distribution. The relationship between dry and ambient extinction in GEOS reveals that hygroscopic growth is too aggressive within the model for biomass burning aerosol. An additional concern lies in the assumed particle size distribution for GEOS, which has a mode radius that is too small for organic carbon. Variability in the observed particle size distribution for biomass burning aerosol within a single flight also illuminates the fact that a single assumed particle size distribution is not sufficient and that for a proper representation, a more advanced aerosol module with GEOS may be necessary.
Multiple pathways for the formation of secondary organic aerosol in North China Plain in summer
Authors: Gu Yifang , Huang Ru-Jin , Duan Jing , Xu Wei , Lin Chunshui , Zhong Haobin , Wang Ying , Ni Haiyan , Liu Quan , Xu Ruiguang , Wang Litao , Li Yong Jie
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has been identified as a major contributor to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in North China Plain (NCP). However, the chemical mechanisms involved are still unclear due to incomplete understanding of its multiple formation processes. Here we report field observations in summer in Handan of NCP, based on high-resolution online measurements. Our results reveal the formation of SOA via photochemistry and two types of aqueous-phase chemistry, the latter of which include nocturnal and daytime processing. The photochemical pathway is the most important under high Ox (=O3 + NO2) conditions (65.1 ± 20.4 ppb). The efficient SOA formation from photochemistry (phochem-SOA) dominated the daytime (65 % to OA) with an average growth rate of 0.8 μg m−3 h−1. During the high relative humidity (RH: 83.7 ± 12.5 %) period, strong nocturnal aqueous-phase SOA formation (aq-SOA) played a significant role in SOA production (45 % to OA) with a nighttime growth rate of 0.6 μg m-3 h-1. Meanwhile, an equally fast growth rate of 0.6 μg m-3 h-1 of phochem-SOA from daytime aqueous-phase photochemistry was also observed, which contributed 39 % to OA, showing that photochemistry in the aqueous phase is also a non-negligible pathway in summer. The primary-related-SOA (SOA attributed to primary particulate organics) and aq-SOA are related to residential coal combustion activities, supported by distinct fragments from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Moreover, the conversion and rapidly oxidation of primary-related-SOA to aq-SOA could be possible in the aqueous phase under high-RH conditions. This work sheds light on the multiple formation pathways of SOA in ambient air of complex pollution, and improves our understanding of ambient SOA formation and aging in summer with high oxidation capacity.
A comprehensive study on hygroscopic behaviour and nitrate depletion of NaNO3 and dicarboxylic acid mixtures: implications for nitrate depletion in tropospheric aerosols
Authors: Ma Shuaishuai , Li Qiong , Zhang Yunhong
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The nitrate depletion and HNO3 release in internally mixed
nitrate and dicarboxylic acid (DCA) particles have been widely detected in
field and laboratory studies. Nevertheless, considerable discrepancies are
still present among these measurements, and the influencing factors for this
acid-displacement reaction have not yet been elucidated. In this work, the
hygroscopic growth and chemical composition evolution of mixtures of
NaNO3 and DCAs, i.e. oxalic acid (OA), malonic acid (MA), and glutaric
acid (GA), were measured using attenuated total reflectance Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and vacuum FTIR techniques. The
nitrate depletion from NaNO3–OA mixtures was observed in both the
measurements, owing to the relatively higher acidity of OA compared to MA
and GA. At the same time, the NaNO3 phase state was found to act as a
key regulator of nitrate depletion. Amorphous NaNO3 solids at relative
humidity (RH) <5 % were inert to liquid OA. With increasing RH,
the mixtures experienced three interesting stages of phase changes showing
different HNO3 release rates; e.g. at around 15 % RH, the slow
HNO3 release was detected by the vacuum IR spectra, potentially
indicating the transformation of amorphous solids to semisolid NaNO3.
In the second stage (sudden RH increase from ∼15 % to
61 %), the HNO3 release rate was increased by about an order of
magnitude. When NaNO3 deliquescence occurred in the third stage, this
displacement reaction proceeded due to more available NO3- ion
formation. Compared to OA, MA and GA reacted with nitrate only in vacuum
FTIR measurement, while in ATR-FTIR measurement, the mixtures tended to be
effloresced completely without nitrate depletion. Further, the influences of
ambient pressure, chemical composition, and water activity on HNO3
release rates were estimated via Maxwell steady-state diffusive mass
transfer equation. The results showed that weaker acidity of MA and GA as
well as relatively lower HNO3 diffusion rate in the ambient gas phase
mainly contributed to the unobserved nitrate depletion in ATR-FTIR
measurement. Our findings reveal that chemical component, phase state, and
water activity of particles, as well as HNO3 gas-phase diffusion, play
crucial roles in HNO3 release from nitrate and DCA mixtures. This work
may provide a new perspective on nitrate depletion in the ageing processes
during transport of tropospheric aerosols.
Combining Mie–Raman and fluorescence observations: a step forward in aerosol classification with lidar technology
Authors: Veselovskii Igor , Hu Qiaoyun , Goloub Philippe , Podvin Thierry , Barchunov Boris , Korenskii Mikhail
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The paper presents an approach to revealing the variability in aerosol type, at high spatiotemporal resolution, by combining fluorescence and Mie–Raman lidar observations. The multiwavelength Mie–Raman lidar system in operation at the ATOLL (ATmospheric Observation at liLLe) platform, Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, University of Lille, has included, since 2019, a wideband fluorescence channel allowing the derivation of the fluorescence backscattering coefficient βF. The fluorescence capacity GF, which is the ratio of βF to the aerosol backscattering coefficient, is an intensive particle property, strongly changing with aerosol type, thus providing a relevant basis for aerosol classification. In this first stage of research, only two intensive properties are used for classification, namely the particle depolarization ratio at 532 nm, δ532, and the fluorescence capacity, GF. These properties are considered because they can be derived at high spatiotemporal resolution and are quite specific to each aerosol type. In particular, in this study, we use a δ532–GF diagram to identify smoke, dust, pollen, and urban aerosol particles.
We applied our new classification approach to lidar data obtained during the 2020–2021 period, which includes strong smoke, dust, and pollen episodes. The particle classification was performed with a height resolution of about 60 m and temporal resolution better than 8 min.
An improved formula for the Complete Data Fusion
Authors: Ceccherini Simone , Zoppetti Nicola , Carli Bruno
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The Complete Data Fusion is a method that combines independent measurements of an atmospheric vertical profile. Recently a new formula for the Complete Data Fusion, which does not contain matrices that can be singular and overcomes the generalized inverse approximation used when singular matrices have to be inverted, has been proposed. We show that the new formula is a generalization of the original one and analyze the analytical relationship between the two formulas when generalized inverse matrices are used for singular matrices. We extend the new formula to include interpolation and coincidence errors, which must be considered when the profiles to be fused are measured on different vertical grids and at either different times or locations. Finally, we use a real measurement of the IASI instrument to show the improved performances of the new formula with respect to the original one.
Using atmospheric observations to quantify annual biogenic carbon dioxide fluxes on the Alaska North Slope
Authors: Schiferl Luke D. , Watts Jennifer D. , Larson Erik J. L. , Arndt Kyle A. , Biraud Sébastien C. , Euskirchen Eugénie S. , Henderson John M. , McKain Kathryn , Mountain Marikate E. , Munger J. William , Oechel Walter C. , Sweeney Colm , Yi Yonghong , Zona Donatella , Commane Róisín
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The continued warming of the Arctic could release vast stores of carbon into the atmosphere from high-latitude ecosystems, especially from thawing permafrost. Increasing uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) by vegetation during longer growing seasons may partially offset such release of carbon. However, evidence of significant net annual release of carbon from site-level observations and model simulations across tundra ecosystems has been inconclusive. To address this knowledge gap, we combined top-down observations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations from aircraft and a tall tower, which integrate ecosystem exchange over large regions, with bottom-up observed CO2 fluxes from tundra environments and found that the Alaska North Slope is not a consistent net source or net sink of CO2 to the atmosphere (ranging from –6 to +6 TgC yr–1 for 2012–2017). Our analysis suggests that significant biogenic CO2 fluxes from unfrozen terrestrial soils, and likely inland waters, during the early cold season (September–December) are major factors in determining the net annual carbon balance of the North Slope, implying strong sensitivity to the rapidly warming freeze-up period. At the regional level, we find no evidence for previously reported large late cold season (January–April) CO2 emissions to the atmosphere during the study period. Despite the importance of the cold season CO2 emissions to the annual total, the interannual variability of the net CO2 flux is driven by the variability in growing season fluxes. During the growing season, the regional net CO2 flux is also highly sensitive to the distribution of tundra vegetation types throughout the North Slope. This study shows that quantification and characterization of year-round CO2 fluxes from the heterogeneous terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Arctic using both site-level and atmospheric observations is important to accurately project the earth system response to future warming.
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Authors: Zhu Yihong , Liu Ruihua , Zhang Huai , Liu Shaoda , Zhang Zhengfeng , Yu Feihai , Gregoire Timothy G.
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Vegetation, water, and carbon dioxide have complex interactions on carbon mitigation in vegetation-water ecosystems. As one of the major global change drivers of carbon sequestration, water disturbance is a fundamental but poorly discussed topic to date. The riparian zone is a representative highly dynamic vegetation-water carbon capture system. Unfortunately, its global carbon offset functionality is remarkably underestimated. This study examines the daily CO2 perturbations in the riparian zone with two-year in-situ observations along the Lijiang River. We show that the riparian zone transformed from a carbon source to carbon sink after recovery from flooding. Consequently, a quantitative global riparian carbon offset model is proposed. Based on the intensity of flooding submergence and post-flooding vegetation coverage, ~0.11Gt·year-1 CO2 is captured following flooding, and 0.53 Gt·year-1 more CO2 is captured due to flooding, which is equivalent to 9.1 % of the global forest carbon sequestration. This finding shed new light on the quantitative modelling of the riparian carbon cycle under flooding disturbance, underlining the importance of the proper restoration of riparian systems to achieve global carbon offset.
MDAS: A New Multimodal Benchmark Dataset for Remote Sensing
Authors: Hu Jingliang , Liu Rong , Hong Danfeng , Camero Andrés , Yao Jing , Schneider Mathias , Kurz Franz , Segl Karl , Zhu Xiao Xiang
Published: August 2022

Abstract. In Earth observation, multimodal data fusion is an intuitive strategy to break the limitation of individual data. Complementary physical contents of data sources allow comprehensive and precise information retrieve. With current satellite missions, such as ESA Copernicus programme, various data will be accessible at an affordable cost. Future applications will have many options on data sources. Such privilege can be beneficial only if algorithms are ready to work with various data sources. However, current data fusion studies mostly focus on the fusion of two data sources. There are two reasons, first, different combinations of data sources face different scientific challenges. For example, the fusion of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and optical images needs to handle the geometric difference, while the fusion of hyperspectral and multispectral images deals with different resolutions on spatial and spectral domains. Second, nowadays, it is still both financially and labour expensive to acquire multiple data sources for the same region at the same time. In this paper, we provide the community a benchmark multimodal data set, MDAS, for the city of Augsburg, Germany. MDAS includes synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, multispectral image, hyperspectral image, digital surface model (DSM), and geographic information system (GIS) data. All these data are collected on the same date, 7th May 2018. MDAS is a new benchmark data set that provides researchers rich options on data selections. In this paper, we run experiments for three typical remote sensing applications, namely, resolution enhancement, spectral unmixing, and land cover classification, on MDAS data set. Our experiments demonstrate the performance of representative state-of-the-art algorithms whose outcomes can sever as baselines for further studies.
Modeling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0.
Authors: Hames Océane , Jafari Mahdi , Wagner David Nicholas , Raphael Ian , Clemens-Sewall David , Polashenski Chris , Shupe Matthew D. , Schneebeli Martin , Lehning Michael
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The remoteness and extreme conditions of the Arctic make it a very difficult environment to investigate. In these polar regions covered by sea ice, the wind is relatively strong due to the absence of obstructions and redistributes a large part of the deposited snow mass, which complicates estimates for precipitation hardly distinguishable from blowing or drifting snow. Moreover, the snow mass balance in the sea ice system is still poorly understood, notably due to the complex structure of its surface. Quantitatively assessing the snow distribution on sea ice and its connection to the sea ice surface features is an important step to remove the snow mass balance uncertainties (i.e., snow transport contribution) in the Arctic environment. In this work we introduce snowBedFoam 1.0., a physics-based snow transport model implemented in the open-source fluid dynamics software OpenFOAM.
We combine the numerical simulations with terrestrial laser scan observations of surface dynamics to simulate snow deposition in a MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) sea ice domain with a complicated structure typical for pressure ridges. The results demonstrate that a large fraction of snow accumulates in their vicinity, which compares favorably against scanner measurements. However, the approximations imposed by the numerical framework, together with potential measurement errors (precipitation), give rise to quantitative inaccuracies, which should be addressed in future work. The modeling of snow distribution on sea ice should help to better constrain precipitation estimates and more generally assess and predict snow and ice dynamics in the Arctic.
The Seasonal-to-Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) prediction system using the Community Earth System Model version 2
Authors: Yeager Stephen G. , Rosenbloom Nan , Glanville Anne A. , Wu Xian , Simpson Isla , Li Hui , Molina Maria J. , Krumhardt Kristen , Mogen Samuel , Lindsay Keith , Lombardozzi Danica , Wieder Will , Kim Who M. , Richter Jadwiga H. , Long Matthew , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Bailey David , Holland Marika , Lovenduski Nicole , Strand Warren G. , King Teagan
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The potential for multiyear prediction of impactful Earth
system change remains relatively underexplored compared to shorter
(subseasonal to seasonal) and longer (decadal) timescales. In this study, we
introduce a new initialized prediction system using the Community Earth
System Model version 2 (CESM2) that is specifically designed to probe
potential and actual prediction skill at lead times ranging from 1 month out
to 2 years. The Seasonal-to-Multiyear Large Ensemble (SMYLE) consists of a
collection of 2-year-long hindcast simulations, with four initializations per
year from 1970 to 2019 and an ensemble size of 20. A full suite of output is
available for exploring near-term predictability of all Earth system
components represented in CESM2. We show that SMYLE skill for El
Niño–Southern Oscillation is competitive with other prominent seasonal
prediction systems, with correlations exceeding 0.5 beyond a lead time of 12
months. A broad overview of prediction skill reveals varying degrees of
potential for useful multiyear predictions of seasonal anomalies in the
atmosphere, ocean, land, and sea ice. The SMYLE dataset, experimental
design, model, initial conditions, and associated analysis tools are all
publicly available, providing a foundation for research on multiyear
prediction of environmental change by the wider community.
Representation of seasonal land use dynamics in SWAT+ for improved assessment of blue and green water consumption
Authors: Msigwa Anna , Chawanda Celray James , Komakech Hans C. , Nkwasa Albert , van Griensven Ann
Published: August 2022

Abstract. In most (sub)-tropical African cultivated regions, more than one cropping season exists following the (one or two) rainy seasons. An additional cropping season is possible when irrigation is applied during the dry season, which could result in three cropping seasons. However, most studies using agro-hydrological models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to map blue and green evapotranspiration (ET) do not account for these cropping seasons. Blue ET is a portion of crop evapotranspiration after irrigation application, while green ET is the evapotranspiration resulting from rainfall. In this paper, we derived dynamic and static trajectories from seasonal land use maps to represent the land use dynamics following the major growing seasons to improve simulated blue and green water consumption from simulated evapotranspiration in SWAT+. A comparison between the default SWAT+ set-up (with static land use representation) and a dynamic SWAT+ model set-up (with seasonal land use representation) is made by a spatial mapping of the ET results. Additionally, the SWAT+ blue and green ET were compared with the results from the four remote sensing data-based methods, namely SN (Senay), EK (van Eekelen), the Budyko method, and soil water balance method (SWB). The results show that ET with seasonal representation is closer to remote sensing estimates, giving higher performance than ET with static land use representation. The root mean squared error decreased from 181 to 69 mm yr−1, the percent bias decreased from 20 % to 13 %, and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency increased from −0.46 to 0.4. Furthermore, the blue and green ET results from the dynamic SWAT+ model were compared to the four remote sensing methods. The results show that the SWAT+ blue and green ET are similar to the van Eekelen method and performed better than the other three remote sensing methods. It is concluded that representation of seasonal land use dynamics produces better ET results, which provide better estimations of blue and green agricultural water consumption.
Using snow depth observations to provide insight into the quality of snowpack simulations for regional-scale avalanche forecasting
Authors: Horton Simon , Haegeli Pascal
Published: August 2022

Abstract. The combination of numerical weather prediction and snowpack models has
potential to provide valuable information about snow avalanche
conditions in remote areas. However, the output of snowpack models is
sensitive to precipitation inputs, which can be difficult to verify in
mountainous regions. To examine how existing observation networks can
help interpret the accuracy of snowpack models, we compared snow depths
predicted by a weather–snowpack model chain with data from automated
weather stations and manual observations. Data from the 2020–2021 winter
were compiled for 21 avalanche forecast regions across western Canada
covering a range of climates and observation networks. To perform
regional-scale comparisons, SNOWPACK model simulations were run at
select grid points from the High-Resolution Deterministic
Prediction System (HRDPS) numerical weather prediction model to
represent conditions at treeline elevations, and observed snow depths
were upscaled to the same locations. Snow depths in the Coast Mountain
range were systematically overpredicted by the model, while snow depths
in many parts of the interior Rocky Mountain range were underpredicted.
These discrepancies had a greater impact on simulated snowpack
conditions in the interior ranges, where faceting was more sensitive to
snow depth. To put the comparisons in context, the quality of the
upscaled observations was assessed by checking whether snow depth
changes during stormy periods were consistent with the forecast
avalanche hazard. While some regions had high-quality observations,
other regions were poorly represented by available observations,
suggesting in some situations modelled snow depths could be more
reliable than observations. The analysis provides insights into the
potential for validating weather and snowpack models with readily
available observations, as well as for how avalanche forecasters can better
interpret the accuracy of snowpack simulations.
Neurophysiological Markers for Monitoring Exercise and Recovery Cycles in Endurance Sports
Authors: Reichel Thomas , Hacker Sebastian , Palmowski Jana , Bosslau Tim Konstantin , Frech Torsten , Tirekoglou Paulos , Weyh Christopher , Bothur Evita , Samel Stefan , Walscheid Rüdiger , Krüger Karsten
Published: August 2022

The current study analyzes the suitability and reliability of selected neurophysiological and vegetative nervous system markers as biomarkers for exercise and recovery in endurance sport. Sixty-two healthy men and women, endurance trained and moderately trained, performed two identical acute endurance tests (running trial 1 and running trial 2) followed by a washout period of four weeks. Exercise protocol consisted of an acute running trial lasting 60 minutes. An intensity corresponding to 95% of the heart rate at individual anaerobic threshold for 40 minutes was followed by 20 minutes at 110%. At pre-exercise, post-exercise, three hours post-exercise and 24 hours post-exercise, experimental diagnostics on Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), heart rate variability (HRV), Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT), and Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) were performed. Significant changes over time were found for all parameters (p < .05). Furthermore, there was an approached statistical significance in the interaction between gender and training status in BDNF regulation (F(3) = 2.43; p = 0.06), while gender differences were found only for LF/HF-ratio (3hPoEx, F(3) = 3.40; p = 0.002). Regarding the reliability, poor ICC-values (< 0.5) were found for BDNF, Stroop sensitivity and pNN50, while all other parameters showed moderate ICC-values (0.5-0.75). Plasma-BDNF, SCWT performance, pain perception and all HRV parameters are suitable exercise-sensitive markers after an acute endurance exercise. Moreover, pain perception, SCWT reaction time and all HRV parameters show a moderate reliability, others rather poor. In summary, a selected neurophysiological and vegetative marker panel can be used to determine exercise load and recovery in endurance sports, but its repeatability is limited due to its vaguely reliability.
Decision to Purchase Ms Glow Skincare at the Village Community of Pekan Dolok Masihul, North Sumatra: Viewed from Product Development and Prices
Authors: Ardianti Selvi , Mulyono Hardi , Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid , Nasution Lukman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of product development and price on purchasing decisions for Ms Glow Skincare in the Pekan Dolok Masihul Village Community, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province. Explanatory research is the methodology employed. From January 2022 to March 2022, this study was conducted. In this study, questionnaires with a Likert scale, documentation studies, and observation methods were employed to collect data. 300 participants made up the study's population, and 75 were selected for the sample using the Slovin formula with an a value of 10%. Multiple linear regression using the SPSS program is the analytical tool employed. The results of the partial test demonstrate that product development significantly and favorably influences consumer purchasing behavior. Price has a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions in part. Then, concurrently, product development and price have a positive and significant impact on consumers' purchase choices for Ms. Glow Skincare in the Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province's Pekan Dolok Masihul Village Community.
Analysis of Financial Performance Before and After Ipo (Initial Public Offering) on Company Share Acceleration Boards on The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Jovian Handi , Zukhri Nizwan , Nugroho Ari Agung
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine whether there is a difference between the liquidity ratio proxied by current assets, the solvency ratio proxied by the debt to equity ratio, and the profitability ratio proxied by return on assets and return on equity on shares of acceleration board companies that carry out initial public offerings. (IPO) on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2020. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data collection technique uses a literature study, namely by studying literature, notes, research journals, scientific works, and books related to theories and problems to be discussed and then added with the documentation method. The source used is secondary data in the form of financial report data of the acceleration board company that will be studied. The sampling technique was using purposive sampling method with a total of 5 companies. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and paired sample t-test analysis. The results of the study stated that there were no significant differences in all variables, namely current assets, debt to equity ratio, return on assets and return on equity at the time before carrying out the IPO (Initial Public Offering) and after the IPO (Initial Public Offering) on ​​stocks. acceleration board companies on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2020.

Keywords: Initial Public Offering, Acceleration Board Shares, Current Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Assets, and Return on Equity
The Effect Of Leverage, Company Size, Inflation Rate, And Cash Holding On Company Value (In Hotel, Restaurant, and Tourism Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2017-2020 period)
Authors: Wirdayanti Wirdayanti , Reniati Reniati , Saputra Darman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of leverage, firm size, inflation rate, and cash Holding on firm value (in hotel, restaurant, and tourism Sub-Sector companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 period). This research is a type of quantitative research. The population in this study amounted to 35 companies, using purposive sampling technique, obtained a research sample of 18 companies. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linier regression. The result showed that : (1) Leverage had a negative and significant effect on firm value. (2) Firm size has a negative and significant effect on firm value. (3) Inflation rate has no effect on firm value. (4) Cash Holding has a positive and significant effect on firm value. 

Keywords : Leverage (DER), Company Size, Inflation Rate, Cash Holding, and Company Value (PBB)
Extrinsic Motivation and Organizational Commitment : A Literarure Review
Authors: Siregar Zulkifli Musannip Efendi
Published: August 2022

Increasing employee commitment at  work is one of the most important points for the company. Without organizational commitment from an employee, the employee will tend to work less than optimally.  This study aims to find the answers to the research question of whether extrinsic motivation influence organizational commitment. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah article review dari beberapa jurnal yang telah publish.  The results of the study proved that extrinsic motivation influence organizational commitment. The results of this research have implications for policymakers, that employee must be given support and aslo increasing the employee extrinsic motivation such as providing fair promotion, reward, and also providing a good income.  The limitations of this study are that the variables used as independent variables to test commitments are still few.  In the future, it will be expected to increase variables and conduct research empirically.

Keywords: Extrinsic Motivation; Organizational Commitment
“Professores que nunca morrem”: Rogério Fernandes Ferreira (1929-2010), um pedagogo ao serviço do ensino superior de contabilidade
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel , Salgado Pedro , Bacalhau Guilherme , Marques Maria da Conceição
Published: August 2022

The article is a tribute to Rogério Fernandes Ferreira (1929-2010), an accounting academic with a remarkable legacy in this area of knowledge. The text revisits the main aspects of his life, his vast published work and his long professional career. With relevant contributions to Portuguese accounting regulation, ethics and deontology in accounting, professional associations and higher education in accounting and related areas, the accounting-tax literature produced by him over more than 50 years has left indelible marks in the panorama of accounting history in Portugal. Professor Rogério Fernandes Ferreira is one of the great national names with a place reserved in the Portuguese accounting gallery. Its high pedagogical qualities have benefited successive generations of students and accounting professionals. With this in mind, this work is aimed especially at the new generations of accounting students interested in knowing and honoring the life, work and example of Rogério Fernandes Ferreira, an unavoidable historical reference, whose cultural heritage and contribution to the development of accounting in Portugal deserve dissemination and perpetuation in the time and memory of accountants. In doing so, the article contributes to motivating accounting students for the historical greatness of the discipline and for the importance of the knowledge of the life and work of the main masters of accounting in Portugal.
Utilização de softwares de controlo de custos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem: gestão de empresas agrícolas e formação dos gestores agrícolas
Authors: Valente Diana , Rodrigues Ana , Sardo Filipe
Published: August 2022

The present study aims to assess the information needs of agricultural companies, analyse the available computer resources and discuss the integration of these resources in the teaching-learning processes. This study intends to contribute to deepen knowledge about the advantages of using management tools in a classroom environment to increase students’ motivation and involvement in the teaching-learning process, maximise acquired skills, and improve business efficiency. In an exploratory approach, this study applies a questionnaire to Portuguese farmers, obtaining 114 responses, which allowed us to validate the importance of using adequate information systems. This paper contributes to evaluate the impact of management tools on students’ motivation and academic success.
A Creche no Sistema Educativo: Têndencia Emergente e Oportuna
Authors: Mateus Cristina , Noronha-Sousa Dulce , Rodrigues Ana
Published: August 2022

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the need for a unique and singular response to children and childhood has been acknowledged. Until then, the sociocultural context was ruled by an adult centered perspective, with the adult’s inability to adopt the child’s perspective. Contemporaneity has accentuated this fact with the society of knowledge and the spread of IKTs, including the children’s role of “digital natives”. The generational gap confronts parents/caregivers, early childhood teachers, childhood professionals and community general face the competent and entitled child. The challenge involves qualified educators, specific educational guidelines and contexts dedicated to children aged 0 to 3, true “childhood places”. Through the position paper methodology, this article intends to support the position that this is the ideal conjuncture for the “emergence” of a new, reinvigorated and inclusive “Educational System”, one that embraces, considers and highlights the CRÈCHE.
A Política dos Estados Unidos para a África desde a II Guerra Mundial até ao início da década de 1960
Authors: Guimarães José
Published: August 2022

Despite the so-called American anti-colonial tradition (the legacy of independence, or Spirit of ‘76), between World War II and the beginning of the 1960s, the African policy of the United States was always subordinated to the security priorities of Europe. In fact, at the end of World War II, Europe was threatened with collapse, not only due to the approximately 80 million deaths it caused, but also to the gigantic needs for social and economic reconstruction caused by the massive destruction of its productive, housing and commercial activities, which made it impossible to satisfy the basic conditions of survival. A chaotic situation from which emerged a virtually unstoppable human torrent, through which the populations of the countries involved in the war would seek to conquer a world free from misery and hunger, exploitation and oppression. Faced with this “revolutionary wave”, exacerbated by the political impotence of most European elites largely discredited as a result of their capitulation and collaboration with the Nazi occupier, the US government feared that it could make it possible to implement what it qualified as a communist threat, choosing to help rebuild devastated Europe. What makes it possible to understand the “Europe First Policy” and the consequent subordination of all African perspectives of the foreign policy of the United States to European priorities, an orientation that would begin to be changed between 1958 and 1960, during the Eisenhower administration, who claimed an independent American policy for Africa, when the uninterrupted torrent of the conquest of independence by the colonies was about to submerge the entire continent. In turn, the Kennedy administration ensured the continuity of this policy, despite the apparent support for Afro-Asiatic anti-colonial claims, which highlighted the difficulties of adapting to the political priorities of the decolonization era on the part of European colonial powers, especially Portugal. However, this reorientation has never changed the foreign policy of the United States, which has always focused on defending Europe against all kind of threats.
Epidemiological Peculiarities and Economic Efficiency of Veterinary Measures in Case of Diplococcal Infection of Pigs
Authors: Hakobyan A.R. , Mkrtchyan A.R.
Published: August 2022

The article presents epizootological and clinicomorphological data on the course of diplococcus septicus infection of piglets in private pig-growing farms of Kotayk Region, Republic of Armenia. According to the results of the studies, the main reasons for the appearance of the mentioned infection among piglets is the failure in observing zoohygienic and veterinary-sanitary rules throughout housing of animals, as well as the lack of immunoprophylactic measures. Timely vaccination of gestating sows provides natural lactogenic immunity in piglets, preventing significant economic losses resulted from the death of sick animals and the expenses spent for therapeutic measures.
Efficient Regional Taxes in the Presence of Mobile Creative Capital
Authors: Batabyal Amitrajeet A. , Nijkamp Peter
Published: August 2022

We study interregional competition for mobile creative capital between regions A and B. Regional authorities (RAs) in both regions use tax policy to attract the creative capital possessing members of the creative class to their region. The resulting tax revenues help RAs finance other objectives such as the provision of one or more public goods. In this setting, we accomplish five tasks. First, we explain the significance of a parameter ζ that is related to the marginal product of creative capital. Second, we compute the Nash equilibrium tax rates when each RA chooses its tax rate to maximize tax revenue. Third, we discuss how a decline in ζ affects the Nash equilibrium tax rates. Fourth, we determine the two efficient tax rates. Finally, we discuss the implications of our analysis for a policy that raises revenue by taxing creative

capital.
Analisis Lean Manufacturing Produk Keramik dengan Pendekatan VALSAT dan Pemodelan DES Pada PT. Perkasa Primarindo
Authors: Fannysia Daisy , Hartini Sri , Santosa Prita Pantau Putri
Published: August 2022

PT. Perkasa Primarindo merupakan perusahaan manufaktur di bidang industri keramik. Permasalahan yang terjadi di PT. Perkasa Primarindo yaitu yaitu kemampuan perusahaan yang tidak optimal dalam memenuhi target produksi yang dipengaruhi oleh kualitas produk dan waktu produksi hingga ke tangan konsumen keramik akibat banyaknya cacat yang disebabkan antara lain ketergantungan beberapa proses produksi pada kondisi cuaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pemborosan berupa aktivitas-aktivitas yang terjadi dalam produksi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode VALSAT dan pemodelan DES dengan menggunakan software Flexsim 6.0 untuk mengatasi pemborosan yang terjadi di PT. Perkasa Primarindo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, hasil waste assessment model pemborosan yang dominan terjadi adalah waste defect sebesar 20,29%, waste transportation sebesar 18,39% dan waste inventory sebesar 13,00%. Berdasarkan hasil output VALSAT yaitu mapping tools yang terpilih untuk mengeliminasi pemborosan dominan adalah PAM dengan skor 567,66. Berdasarkan analisis PAM, pada kondisi aktual kategori aktivitas NNVA memiliki persentase waktu yang cukup tinggi yaitu sebesar 46,54%, kemudian NVA sebesar 0,09% dan VA sebesar 53,38%. Pada kondisi usulan, persentase waktu aktivitas NNVA dapat dikurangi menjadi 45,16%, kemudian NVA berkurang menjadi sebesar 0%, dan VA dalam kondisi sama dengan kondisi awal. Hal ini juga didukung terjadinya penurunan lead time penyelesaian pada hasil simulasi model yang diusulkan, dimana pada simulasi kondisi awal lead time menyelesaikan proses produksi adalah 501688,39 detik menjadi 474128,13 detik pada hasil simulasi kondisi usulan. Sehingga dengan menerapkan usulan perbaikan melalui process activity mapping, usulan kaizen dan pendekatan simulasi dapat menurunkan 5,49% lead time penyelesaiannya dari kondisi awal.
Kết quả điều trị bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn sớm bằng xạ trị lập thể định vị thân
Authors: Văn Luận Phạm , Đình Tiến Nguyễn , Ngọc Hà Lê , Quang Biểu Bùi
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn I (T1-T2aN0M0) không có chỉ định phẫu thuật bằng SBRT. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, theo dõi dọc 32 bệnh nhân ung thư phổi không tế bào nhỏ giai đoạn T1-T2aN0M0, u phổi ngoại vi, được SBRT, theo dõi và đánh giá từ tháng 01/2015 đến tháng 11/2021. Tiêu chuẩn chính là thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển (PFS). Tiêu chuẩn phụ là thời gian sống thêm toàn bộ (OS), tỷ lệ sống còn tại các thời điểm 1 năm, 2 năm, 3 năm, 4 năm, 5 năm và tác dụng không mong muốn. Kết quả: Trung vị độ tuổi là 67 tuổi, trung vị kích thước khối u là 2,65cm, giá trị SUVmax trung bình 7,95, giai đoạn của khối u chủ yếu là T2a (43,7%). Trung vị PFS 29 tháng, tỷ lệ PFS 2 năm và 3 năm lần lượt là 59,8% và 42,3%, trung vị OS 59 tháng, tỷ lệ OS tại thời điểm 1 năm là 96,8%, 2 năm 88,6%, 3 năm 84,2%, 4 và 5 năm lần lượt là 63,1% và 42,1%. BN đạt kiểm soát bệnh theo tiêu chuẩn PERCIST 1.0 giảm nguy cơ tử vong với HR = 0,053 (CI 95%: 0,003-0,86), p=0,039. Trung vị PFS ở nhóm SUVmax < 5 dài hơn so với nhóm có SUVmax ≥ 5, p=0,032. Cyfra 21-1 trước và sau SBRT, kích thước khối u là những yếu tố tiên lượng thời gian sống thêm. Tác dụng không mong muốn hay gặp là viêm phổi do xạ với 10 BN, chủ yếu độ 1, độ 2, không có viêm phổi do xạ độ 4, 5, có 1 trường hợp gãy xương sườn do xạ. Không có sự thay đổi chức năng hô hấp của BN sau SBRT. Kết luận: SBRT là một phương pháp điều trị triệt căn hiệu quả cho bệnh nhân UTPKTBN giai đoạn sớm không phẫu thuật được với u phổi ngoại vi. Giá trị SUVmax trước điều trị, tỷ lệ kiểm soát bệnh tại thời điểm 3 tháng sau SBRT theo tiêu chuẩn PERCIST 1.0 và Cyfra 21-1 trước và sau điều trị là những yếu tố tiên lượng thời gian sống thêm của bệnh nhân. Đồng thời, SBRT là một phương pháp an toàn.
Giá trị dự báo biến cố tim mạch chính và tử vong của sức căng cơ tim ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp có ST chênh lên sau can thiệp động mạch vành qua da
Authors: Anh Tuấn Nguyễn , Thị Thu Hoài Nguyễn , Nguyên Sơn Phạm
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu giá trị của sức căng dọc cơ tim (GLS) thất trái trong dự báo biến cố tim mạch chính (MACE) và tử vong trong 6 tháng đầu ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim (NMCT) cấp có ST chênh lên sau can thiệp động mạch vành (ĐMV) qua da thì đầu. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 118 bệnh nhân NMCT cấp có ST chênh lên sau can thiệp ĐMV qua da thì đầu được điều trị tại Viện Tim mạch Quốc gia Việt Nam từ tháng 1 năm 2016 đến tháng 3 năm 2019. Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang, theo dõi dọc. Siêu âm tim đánh dấu mô 2D được thực hiệ̣n trong vòng 24 giờ sau can thiệp. Phân tích bằng phần mềm EchoPAC 112 (GE, Hoa Kỳ). Mỗi bệnh nhân được theo dõi 6 tháng và ghi nhận các biến cố chính về tim mạch (MACE) bao gồm tử vong do mọi nguyên nhân, nhồi máu cơ tim tái phát, đột quỵ não, suy tim nhập viện. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình: 64,73 ± 11,88 tuổi. Nam giới: 81,4%, Killip > I chiếm 24,6%. Có 26 bệnh nhân (22%) xuất hiện MACE; 10 bệnh nhân (8,5%) tử vong trong vòng 6 tháng. GLS có giá trị dự báo MACE với AUC = 0,95 (95%CI: 0,91-0,99). Tại điểm cắt GLS ≥ -9,5% dự báo MACE với độ nhạy = 84,6%; độ đặc hiệu = 94,6%. Trong phân tích hồi quy Cox đa biến dự báo MACE chỉ có NT-proBNP/100 với HR = 1,78 (95%CI: 1,01-3,15), p<0,05 và GLS với HR = 1,53 (95%CI: 1,14-2,04), p<0,001 là 2 yếu tố có giá trị tiên lượng độc lập. GLS có giá trị dự báo tử vong với AUC = 0,96 (95%CI: 0,92-0,99). Tại điểm cắt GLS ≥ -8,4% dự báo tử vong với độ nhạy = 100%; độ đặc hiệu = 88,9%. Trong phân tích hồi quy Cox đa biến dự báo tử vong chỉ có GLS là yếu tố có giá trị tiên lượng độc lập với HR = 1,87 (95%CI: 1,04-3,34), p<0,05. Kết luận: Sức căng dọc cơ tim thất trái có giá trị dự báo MACE và tử vong trong 6 tháng đầu ở bệnh nhân NMCT cấp có ST chênh lên sau can thiệp ĐMV qua da thì đầu.