bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSEQUENCES OF THE DECISION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF ROMANIA NO. 2/2017 ON THE EXTRAORDINARY APPEAL PATH OF THE REVIEW
Authors: Pătrăuș Mihaela , Pătrăuș Darius-Dennis
Published: February 2020

The central element of this extraordinary appeal is the judicial error. The review involves finding a legal error in the criminal case settled by a final judgment, which was based on an erroneous assessment of the state of affairs. Exercising appeals does not create a new procedural report, but only extends the initial report in this new procedural phase. In our judicial system, the unanimous classification is that appeals are divided into two categories: ordinary ways and extraordinary ways. Thus, before the decision, the case under Article 453 (1) (a) could be invoked as a ground for review only in favor of the convicted person or of the one to whom the waiver of the punishment or deferment of the punishment or termination of the criminal proceedings, if the review is aimed at obtaining an acquittal. Therefore, this case of revision could not be used to the detriment of the person who was acquitted or who was ordered to terminate the criminal proceedings, with the aim of reaching a decision on conviction, renunciation of the punishment or postponement of the application punishment.
THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE ROMANIAN AND FRENCH LAW – COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Sferlea Elena
Published: February 2020

The present paper outlines a comparative study on the regional level as stipulated by the Romanian and French legislations. It aims to identify the main similarities and differences between the Romanian development regions and the French regions, although Romania does not have a real administrative regional level. The study also considers the particular territorial features of the two states, along with the specific trends they are following in their administrative-territorial reorganization and which can determine different evolutions.
VICES OF CONSENT CONCERNING THE CIVIL LEGAL ACT
Authors: Vidican Roxana Denisa , DIDEA Ionel , ILIE Diana Maria
Published: February 2020

"The right is the totality of the conditions under which the will of each can coexist with the will of all, according to a universal law of freedom".Immanuel Kant.The requirement that the expression of will to be uncorrupted is a legal necessity, but also a guarantee of compliance with the principle of freedom of civil legal acts, the real principle of will and the principle of law which enshrines the legal equality of the parties to civil legal relationship since the legal civil act must be the consequence of a volitional attitude, free and conscious expressed
THE GCC DIPLOMATIC RIFT AND ITS REVERBERATIONS UPON ROMANIAN PRESENCE IN THE REGION
Authors: Maglas Ioana Florina
Published: February 2020

By virtue of their economic influence, the Arab States of the Gulf are highly interlinked within the global community. Dimensions of globalization (such as outward looking focus on international trade, openness, growing business opportunities and investment) are shifting their interests to a broad spectrum of partners leading to increased connectivity platforms and links. Apparent deteriorating ties seriously undermines relations among GCC[1] players and adversely affects its functioning. Current dispute, centered on allegations about Qatar’s foreign policy, caused much consternation, in fact, unequivocally conflicted with the interests of other members and escalated tensions. A scheme of prolonged economic isolation for the Gulf state of Qatar presents challenges and opportunities for Romania (particularly in food security initiatives in Qatar), however, in light of inter-regional realignments, a united GCC stance must consequently prevail to promote stability and reinforce its status of regional power in the Arab World, that would develop and maintain a strong bilateral relationship between Romania and the GCC. [1] (Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is a political and economic union currently consisting of Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates)
CRIMINALITY AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. THE PROFILE OF STALKERS
Authors: PALERMO Giovanna
Published: February 2020

The present research is aimed to analyze the evolution of the profile of stalkers in the Italian culture. The stalking is a complex behavioral constellation with different motivations, not always with psychopathological relevance. It is a desperate attempt to seek an interpersonal relationship: to devalue and above all to subject the victim to constant control, allows the stalker to keep alive, albeit in a persecutory key, the desire for an indissoluble bond.KE
NULLUM CRIMEN SINE LEGE
Authors: POPOVICIU LAURA-ROXANA
Published: February 2020

This article discusses the issue of one of the most important Latin expressions that establish at the level of general principle that no crime exists outside the law.The purpose of the criminal law being the defense against the offenses of the right order, ensuring this order implies a strict respect of the principle of legality.Part of the principle of legality, the legality of incrimination, was formulated among the first, by the Beccaria in Dei delitti e delle pene and proclaimed also in the Declaration of Human and Citizen Rights (1789).Subsequently, the principle of legality of incrimination was passed in most criminal codes and even in some constitutions.The Romanian penal code emphasizes that the incriminations can only take place by law, not by other normative acts.In our law, crime is the sole basis of criminal liability.The second part of the principle of legality stipulates the legality of the punishments, so that, the crime being the only theme of the criminal liability, at the time of the commission the sanction must also intervene. Only when the sanction intervenes, it must be taken into account in particular that by sanctioning the offenders and the way in which the punishments are enforced some fundamental rights of the person are restricted, such as: freedom of movement, enshrined in all democratic constitutions, free development of the personality of the man and of his participation in the social and economic life, in the family life, the interruption of the professional activity and not lastly the affectation of his dignity. Therefore legality is a fundamental principle of criminal law: the criminalization can only take place through a law, and the sanction only if it is provided by law.
DIGITAL MARKETING REGULATIONS
Authors: URZICEANU RAMONA-MIHAELA , PAŞCALĂU VALENTINA-SIMONA
Published: February 2020

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a European law which grants rights regarding an individual’s personal data. Having been adopted in April 2016, its enforcement became effective as of 25th May 2018.This article aims to highlight who should do this, what exactly they should do and how to do it. Learn about the scope of GDPR in digital marketing, the definition of a personal data breach, the rights of data subjects, incident response under GDPR and more.
REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AREA IN THE PERIOD OF THE COLD WAR. TURKEY'S CONTRIBUTION TO REGIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Dragne Gabriela-Nicoleta
Published: February 2020

The alliance belt between Turkey, Iran, Pakistan and Iraq led to the creation of the political-military bloc nicknamed the Baghdad Pact, which aimed to limit Soviet expansionism to the warm seas and the Gulf and to ensure peace and security in the Middle East region.Another trio of non-Arab states in the East: Turkey, Israel and Iran formed an influential military alliance in the late 1950s under the name of the Phantom Pact or the Peripheral Alliance in order to coordinate the activity of the three secret intelligence services, to coordinate their activities. express their anti-Soviet stance and maintain regional security. Equally, Turkey's involvement in regional affairs played an essential role. Today, the presence of the UN in the area, is facing a new danger of our times: terrorism.
BRIEF CONSIDERATIONS ON THE INFLUENCES OF THE UNION’S PROVISIONS IN THE NEW ROMANIAN CIVIL CODE
Authors: Vâlcu Elise-Nicoleta , Didea Ionel
Published: February 2020

Considering that on 1 October 2011 took place a real reform of the internationalprivate law with the entrance into force of the new Romanian Civil Code, the provisions of theinternational private law were gathered in Book VII “International Private Law Provisions”,aiming to integrate the revised Law No 105/1992 to synchronize its provisions with the newconception on family law stated in the code and with the European and internationalinstruments in the area of international private law. Specifically, the provisions of the newCivil Code on contractual and extra-contractual obligations are in accordance with theEuropean law found in Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of the European Parliament and theCouncil of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I), as well asin Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II).
DEVELOPMENTS IN LEGAL CHEMISTRY. SIBUTRAMINE EFFECTS THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN LEGAL AND ILLEGAL CONSUMPTION
Authors: Diana Mihaela Pancu Diana Mihaela Pancu
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the present paper we determined the presence of sibutramine in urine using the GCMS/MS system. The determination of sibutramine was studied in relation to slimming healthfoods1. Prolonged or excessive consumption of unauthorized pharmaceuticals may causeserious adverse consequences on health. In this study, samples were extracted with the help ofmethanol and acetonitryl and the sibutramine concentrations were found in the range of 0,5 g/l.
EUROPEAN UNION BETWEEN THE CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION RHETORIC. BRIEF CONSIDERATION UPON THE EVOLUTION AND PERSPECTIVE OF THE “GOVERNANCE” EUROPEAN MODEL
Authors: Mătuşescu Constanţa
Published: February 2020

The paper intend to achieve s brief incursion in the European model of the governanceon several levels, seen as an instrument of national public administration Europeanization.
PROFIT AND LOSS SHARING IN THE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT UNDER THE NEW ROMANIAN CIVIL CODE
Authors: Veronica Singh Amelia
Published: February 2020

The new Romanian Civil Code regulations have reconfirmed the rule ofproportionality when speaking about profit and loss in a partnership agreement. Basically,the law does not require that the participation of partners in profit and loss be necessarilyproportional to their contribution to the society’s capital and the associates can evendetermine their share of benefits and losses. In case the associates establish by contract onlytheir share of benefits, then their contribution to losses will become proportional to theirprofit share. If the share of profit is not proportionally equal with the contribution, then thecontribution to debts will be proportional with the profit share and not with the contributionbrought to the capital.One must keep in mind as compulsory the condition that each partner shouldparticipate both in profit and loss sharing. On the one hand, a partner cannot reserve all thebenefit for himself only, while on the other hand the partners cannot decide that one orseveral of them are exempted from participating in loss sharing. Also, they cannot set aprovision by which a partner is excluded wither from profit sharing or from participation inloss, as this provision would be void ab initio.
REFLECTIONS WHILE CHOOSING AN ELECTORAL SYSTEM - THE CASE OF ALBANIA
Authors: Bogdani Mirela P. , Bjanku Florian
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to present some reflections and legal issues that are crucial andshould be considered when choosing an electoral system. The paper will present currentAlbanian legislation and practices in the process of conferring, choosing and implementingthe electoral systems in Albania as well as citizens rights and preferences with regards tothese issues, as a fundamental pillar of democracy and rule of law.Albania, as many other post communist countries is going through a long process ofdemocratization of life and institutions and is also facing challenges on its road to EUintegration, to tolerant and governments and open-minded society. Elections are very crucialpolitical processes for electing citizens to run the country and take all major decisions on thebehalf of the others. Choosing an electoral system according to which votes of citizens will betransformed into seats of Parliament or offices for elected officials is a very complex processthat requires consideration from all actors such as political parties, citizens, group ofinterests, non governmental organizations etc. These actors, being political or non-politicalones will need to come up with an elaborated decision for choosing the most appropriateelectoral system for a country, since there are many of them implemented all around theworld. Factors, elements, issues, citizen’s interests, elections formulas and features to beconsidered when choosing an electoral system, as a matter of choice will be presented moredeeply in this paper.
THE COURTS COMPETENT TO DEAL WITH INDIVIDUAL LABOR DISPUTES. PROPOSALS TO REFORM THE SYSTEM
Authors: Onica-Chipea Lavinia
Published: February 2020

The paper proposes that following the doctrinal analysis of judicial practice, thecomparative law in terms of a specific study performed using sociological methods ofinvestigation, to formulate proposals for amendments to the Romanian legislation regardingthe courts that are empowered to resolve individual labor conflicts.These proposals aim on the one hand the need to establish labor and social securitytribunals and on the other hand panels up to resolve individual labor disputes involving legalassistance at both hierarchical levels, which express a deliberative vote.
THE LEGISLATION OF THE NON- PATRIMONIAL CIVIL RIGHTS ACCORDING TO THE NEW CIVIL CODE - THE RIGHT TO LIFE
Authors: Chebeleu Mircea
Published: February 2020

The right to life is a supreme attribute of the human being, whose compliance is thevery condition for exercising other rights. The right to life has two essential forms, a personalinterest of the human being and the interest of the society, extremely dangerous.
ENGAGEMENT. PAST AND PRESENT
Authors: Iosif-Florin Moldovan Iosif-Florin Moldovan
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn institution of family law that is not currently found in the Family Code, engagementexisted in the Romanian law prior to the current regulations, representing the mutual promisebetween two people that they will marry one another.Regulated under the Article 266 of the new Civil Code, engagement has the sameregulatory framework, this time legal, representing the mutual promise to conclude amarriage.
INTERESTS OF THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE AREA OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Authors: Paraschiv Elena
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to the environment’s importance in the development of life, protecting it has alsobecome the main concern of regional organizations worldwide, an outstanding contributionin this sense having been brought by the European Council and the institutions of theEuropean Union, which, by adopting numerous legal instruments, significantly contributed tothe preservation of nature and protection of the environment , also establishing severalinterdictions, behevioural norms and principles that are specific to the domain researched, aswell as sactions applicable to those who affect these values by committing illicit acts.
SOME REMARKS ON THE NEW AMENDMENTS TO THE PROCEDURE OF THE ADOPTION’S INSTITUTION
Authors: Laura Cetean-Voiculescu Laura Cetean-Voiculescu
Published: February 2020

AbstractAdoption is one of the most important measures to protect children in need, namelythat category of children who are deprived of parental care, loss due to various reasons. If achild in need cannot be maintained or reinstated in his natural family, state authorities musthave an alternative measure of protection: guardianship, special protective measuresprovided by Law no. 272/2004 on the protection and promotion of children's rights(placement, emergency placement or specialized supervision) or adoption, regulated by Lawno. 273/2004.This paper aims to critically analyze the Adoption of the new rules, with specialregard to the adoption’s administrative and judicial proceedings.
THE PLACE OF LIABILITY IN RESPECT TO THE FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
Authors: Chiper (Mihalcea) Valentina
Published: February 2020

The terms ‘freedom’ and ‘liability’ are polysemantic and bear multi-valent meaningsaccording to the field.Civil or criminal liability, through the interdictions it brings, sets the border betweenthe legal or illegal discourse. The guilt defined by criminal and civil crimes transfers a set ofobligations to the communicator1. Terms like ‘excess’ or ‘abuse’ of the freedom of expressionis another way to define it.We shall try hereinafter to answer the question whether it is better to regulate andengage the civil liability or criminal liability in relation to the freedom of expression.
BRIEF CONSIDERATIONS ON THE FINANCIAL CRISIS AND INSOLVENCY OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL UNITS IN THE VIEW OF THE NEW REGULATIONS
Authors: Vâlcu Elise-Nicoleta , Didea Ionel , Popa George
Published: February 2020

The reason for which the Government Emergency Ordinance No 46/2013 regardingthe financial crisis and insolvency of administrative-territorial units is the fulfillment of theobligations assumed by Romania in order to reduce the overdue registered by theadministrative-territorial units to their suppliers of goods, services and works. The articleaims to analyze the general framework and the procedures regarding the coverage of theliability and the financial recovery of the administrative-territorial units which are in afinancial crisis or in insolvency, relating to the general framework for insolvency, namelyLaw No 85/2006, as well as the Law No 273/2006 regarding local public finances updatedand amended by Law No 13/2011.
CORRUPTION WITHIN SECURITY FORCES
Authors: Brînză William Gabriel
Published: February 2020

These criminal organizations aim at corrupting officials willing to influence publicpolitics and to protect different illegal activities, in exchange for some undeservedadvantages. Once inside in this game, the official will bend to any pressure coming from thecriminal group, and the group will have no difficulties in finding more and more convenientways to develop illicit activities.
FROM WORLD HERITAGE TO ENVIRONMENTAL PATRIMONY
Authors: Duţu-Buzura Andrei
Published: February 2020

Environmental law has proven itself to be a major challenge to all traditionalbranches of law, given its “horizontal” perspective and functioning, by encompassingelements and institutions from almost all of them, and by offering new insights andapproaches to long consecrated concepts and juridical mechanisms.The relation between civil law, one of the oldest fields of regulation of any legalsystem, and environmental law, a creation of the late XXth century, have proven itself to benot only intriguing and original, but also necessary, in view of the creation of the juridicalstructures fit to face the imperatives of the social, scientific and economic developmentscurrently in course. By interfering with elementary concepts, such as property right andpatrimony, environmental law has brought up the opportunity of creating new juridicaltheoretical structures, corresponding to the actual necessities of the beginning of the XXIstcentury.This paper proposes construct following these lines, the environmental patrimony,having as theoretical models both the concept of patrimony, consecrated by civil law, andcommon or natural heritage, as accepted in international law. As practical aspects, we turnedto the environmental protection mechanisms already in existence, thus to give a morecomplete and functional structure as possible.
PARTICULARITIES OF THE HEARING TACTICS IN THE CASE OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Popa Gheorghe , Ţîru Gabriel
Published: February 2020

This paper attempts to polarize the attention of the judicial authorities of theRomanian State on the complex issues raised by the hearing of persons with special needsfrom two perspectives, that of compliance with the criminal procedural framework and that ofthe observance of human rights. It also aims to provide practical solutions that mightfacilitate communication with such persons depending on their type of disability and solve theproblem of accessibility in the investigator-citizen relationship. Modern approaches in thespecialized literature grant an increasingly wider space to knowing the accused or thedefendant’s personality, adapting the investigator’s speech to this reference point andindividualizing the ways of relating throughout the judicial investigation. Moreover, a specificpattern of the personality of the criminal investigation body is outlined, through the psychointellectualand moral-affective qualities of the person leading the investigation that mightensure the success of this judicial approach specific to the hearing of people with specialneeds.
SHORT REFLECTIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF DOMESTIC ADOPTIONS
Authors: Drăghici Andreea
Published: February 2020

The act of granting an adoption produces two main types of effects. The first type ofeffect creates a bond of filiation between the adopter and the adoptee, as well as family bondsbetween the adoptee and the adopter's relatives. The second type of effect erases the naturalrelation between the adoptee and the former parents but also between the adoptee'sdescendants on one side and the adoptee's natural relatives on the other
MOVEMENT OF ROMANIAN CITIZENS IN EUROPE
Authors: Tudorascu Miruna
Published: February 2020

This right is stipulated in the Treaty of Lisbon, which amends paragraph 2 of art. 17 ofTEC, as recognizing the right of Union citizens to move and reside freely within the MemberStates territory. This right can be exercised but only under the conditions and limits defined bytreaties and by the measures adopted to implement them.
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS REFERRING THE DEADLINES OF COURTS IN INDIVIDUAL WORK IN CONFLICT SETTLEMENT ACCORDING THE LABOUR CODE AND LAW NO. 62/2011 OF THE SOCIAL DIALOGUE
Authors: Chipea Lavinia Onica
Published: February 2020

The scientific approach aims to analyse a topic of particular interest, bothfor current doctrine and also for professional practice. The institution of notificationdeadlines of the court in the matters of the resolution of individual labor dispute is currentlygoverned by the provisions the Labor Code, art.283 para.1 letter a. and by those of art. 211of Law nr. 62/2011 of the Social Dialogue. A simple analysis of these provisions shows that,unlike the Labor Code, Law of the Social Dialogue refers to the assumptions which aresubject to art.268 letter b. are not provided the letter d, art.268. Thus, the solutions offeredby those regulations are different and at the same time contradictory doctrine should aim toformulate hypotheses to solve "real conflict of laws", able to avoid delivery of divergent andcontradictory solutions of courts in matters which make the subject of our analysis.
STEREOTYPE IMPACT ON CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
Authors: Mocănaşu Florentina Nina
Published: February 2020

On analyzing the society we live in, we can say that transition from industrial tomodern and postmodern society up to now has led to a change of the roles well established byour society, namely women perform men’s tasks and they get jobs which seem specific tothem, and men start to develop furthermore this side of relationing which is basically specificto women. The household issues are solved by both life partners and within organizationalenvironment women have begun to occupy important executive positions. However, there arespecific stereotypes including at the level of these changes.Stereotype analysis draws our attention to interpretations which might devalueindividuals or create a negative context without allowing any possibility to exploit certainpotentials of individuals. However it is necessary to recognize the complementarity betweenthe two genders. Stereotypes are more and more underlined in the Romanian society as theykeep on perpetuating. The emergence of these stereotypes owes basically to changes occurredwithin society.This study seeks to show the way these transformations aim the individuals’ lifestyleand how these stereotypes coordinate our entire existence. There are opinions anddiscriminations within a society in relation to personalities of individuals which are part of acertain social category and we learn the most of them from the ones around us and dependingon them we guide ourselves when meeting people. Stereotypes are harmful in their meaningand they hurt us by prejudice and discrimination.
THE RESPONSIBILITY OF PERSONS CAUSING DEBTOR’S INSOLVENCY IN THE BILL ON PRE-INSOLVENCY AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Gavrilă Simona Petrin
Published: February 2020

Insolvency is the state of the debtor’s patrimony characterized by insufficientmonetary funds available for the payment of exigible debts. It may be the consequence ofunfavourable economic circumstances, but also the result of managerial deficiencies of evenfraud.If insolvency is caused by the gross incompetence or the fraud of the debtor’s board ofdirectors, then the syndic judge, by means of the special mechanism created in the insolvencyproceedings, i.e. the joint responsibility action, may include the responsibility of the debtor’smanagers (if the debtor is a legal person) in covering the debtor’s liabilities. From apsychological point of view, such a menacing perspective may bring about a certain control ofthe managerial activity, a certain caution of a bonus pater familias in managing the debtor’saffairs1.
PROPOSALS FOR THE AMENDMENT OF THE NEW CIVIL CODE ARISING OUT OF THE FAILURE TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Authors: Duşcă Ileana Anca
Published: February 2020

Appeared with the declared intention to ”meet the requirements of a dynamicpresent”, by: “the newly promoted solutions, the revision of some classical institutions oremphasis on certain internationally recognized principles, not implemented in the Romanianspace yet”, the new Civil Code does not seem to integrate the environmental and relatedissues in the dynamics of the present. Moreover, except for some modest norms – such as art.539 par. 2 which includes in the category of movables “the electromagnetic waves or thoseassimilated to them, as well as the energy of any kind” and art. 603 which provides theobligation of the owner to “observe the tasks concerning the protection of the environmentand the action of ensuring good neighbourhood” – nothing entitles us to assert that the newCivil Code “makes valuable use of provisions of European law instruments”. It is known thatthe basic treaties of the European Union – the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty onthe Functioning of the European Union – in numerous articles, establish the sustainabledevelopment of Europe and of the planet, the promotion of solidarity between generations anda high level of protection and enhancement of the quality of the environment as primaryobjectives of the European Union. This is the reason why art. 11 TFEU imposes that“environmental protection requirements must be integrated into the definition andimplementation of the Union policies and activities”.
THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL COMPETENCES IN THE ROMANIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Alexandru Dana Georgeta
Published: February 2020

The extension of administrative tasks, originally endowed with powers of supervisionand maintain a social balance, it gradually became an engine that determines changes, a newlevel of transformation. Given the current status of local collectivities, through this research weintend to argue their tendency to become leading actors in the landscape of administrative,political, economic and social.Our study will consider the effects of the successive transfer of powers upon localcollectivities and its implications for the organization, mission and coooperation. Thesecircumstances arise many challenges for state and local collectivity: changing relations betweenthe institutions generated by the transfer of competences, redefining the maner of interventionand coordination, taking into account the economic imperative and upgrading administrativecapacity at local level.To understand the local collectivity administration system, we leave the generalconsiderations about the new trends of public administration, and we will analyze the legalstatus of local competences set in terms of three dimensions: how they are defined, the extent ofcompetences and how to modify the powers.
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE FIRST PRELIMINARY RULING OF THE HIGH COURT OF CASSATION AND JUSTICE
Authors: Cotutiu Aurelia , Sabău Georgeta Valeria
Published: February 2020

Our intention is to observe the way activity was organized for the solution of legalmatters by means of the preliminary ruling of the High Court of Cassation and Justice, toanalyze the first notification and the first decision of the special panel in civil matters, andsubsequently lay down proposals for the accountability of those involved in the newprocedural “mechanism”, already in use.
MATRIMONIAL CONVENTION
Authors: Nicolae Ioana
Published: February 2020

The current paper aims to contribute to enriching the knowledge of the judicial instrument by which the spouses choose one of the matrimonial regimes acknowledged by the Romanian Civil Code. In this research context, we wish to describe aspects regarding the definition of this judicial notion, the necessary formal conditions to be met in order for it to be valid and the effects it produces.
EXERCISING THE RIGHT TO VOTE IN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC INTEREST GROUPING
Authors: Bărbieru Carmen - Nicoleta
Published: February 2020

The article proposes an analysis with respect to the exercise of the right to vote in the European Economic Interest Grouping.Both the European legislator through the Regulation No. 2137/1985, and the Romanian one, through the Law No. 161 of April 19th, 2003 related to certain measures to ensure the transparency in the exercise of the public dignities, of the public functions and in business, the prevention and sanction of corruption have given an important place to the autonomy of the will of the members with regard to the functioning of the group, the first one limited itself regarding the Organization of the group to determine the minimum number of bodies of the group, namely the decision-making and the group administrator. The analysis of the exercise of the right to vote has a triple purpose: the exercise of the right to vote, the criteria for the award of the right to vote and making decisions.
THE RIGHT TO LEGAL ASSISTANCE AND REPRESENTATION – GENERAL ASPECTS
Authors: Matefi Roxana
Published: February 2020

The current paper wishes to generally analyze the right to legal assistance and representation, a component of the right to be defended and of the right to an equitable trial, which is regulated in internal law as well as in international law, such as the European Convention of Human Rights or the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights.
THE JUDICIAL REGIME OF ANNULMENT OF MARRIAGE AND THE EFFECTS OF MARRIAGE ANNULMENT
Authors: Nicolae Ioana
Published: February 2020

We have chosen to put together this study with the intent of examining the judicial regime of marriage annulment and the effects of marriage annulment. Such action involves researching the rules which govern absolute annulment or relative annulment of marriage, who can invoke annulment, the term in which it can be invoked, if annulment can or can’t be reclaimed. The second part of the study discusses the effects of the annulment of marriage.
THE STRUCTURE OF EXECUTIVE POWER. THE STRUCTURE'S EVOLUTION OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER IN ROMANIA
Authors: Şaramet Oana
Published: February 2020

The monist or dualist character of the executive, a character determined by the structure of the executive, must not be mistaken for the monist or dualist character of the parliamentary regime, in which case the government is still at “the center of attention” but from a different perspective.
THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND ITS CONSECRATION REGULATIONS AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Tanasescu Tudor
Published: February 2020

The Council of Europe is the main international organization with vocation intergovernmental regional/European which has the fundamental objective consecration and protection of human rights. The Organization shall constitute the institutional framework in which had been initiated and developed, under the aspect its rules and mechanisms, the best international system in human rights domain, European system consecration and protection of human rights.Main conventional legal instruments in the promotion and protection of human rights domain at the European level, adopted within the framework of the Council of Europe, on the basis of which have been created and the institutions and mechanisms specific to this field are: the Convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, European Social Charter and the European Convention on indefeasibility war crimes and crimes against humanity, European Convention for the prevention of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or, framework Convention for the protection of ethnic minorities national, and so on.
VALIDITY CONDITIONS OF THE JURIDICAL ACT
Authors: Tărchilă Petru
Published: February 2020

The legislative act is the subjects` will to create, modify or extinguish a juridical relation of Civil Law. Hence the fundamental elements of the existence of civil juridical act, namely:- the subjects` manifestation of will- intention to produce, modify or extinguish civil juridical relations- the juridical effects whose induction is aimed by partiesConsent is an essential prerequisite of validity for any juridical act and it is defined as the parties` decision to complete the juridical act. The consent must meet the following conditions to acquire legal value and to be considered valid:- to be issued by a judicial person- the intension of closing a legislative act should be known by all parties;- the consent should be clear in terms of obligations and rights resulting from such an act;- should not be affected by error vice of consent, mistake, fraud, violence or damage.
DOCUMENTARY FRAUD AS SEEN BY THE DOCUMENTARY FRAUD BUREAU OF THE DIRECTION DE LA POLICE AUX FRONTIERES Part II
Authors: Mateaș Florin
Published: February 2020

Today, we are witnessing a globalisation and intensification which is unprecedented in the history of migratory flows in our country. These flows are now of a very complex nature as placed under criminal rule.With this level of organisation, we are not just trying to counter illegal immigration, but fighting against criminality. In this respect, the use of forged documents or documentary fraud in general is a great boon to the activities of the clandestine networks and constitutes an excellent means of introducing illegal immigrants into Western countries.
ADDICTION, WITHDRAWAL, AND AGGRESSIVENESS IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: Ungureanu G.
Published: February 2020

In a tolerant and evasive environment, when the psychological conflict between aspirations and possibilities occurs, naïve, uneducated, and disoriented adolescents often wind up in deviant entourages, surrounded by dubious individuals who promise them the end of “suffering” and the gain of a state of gratification and satisfaction with the help of drug use.   Subsequent to these well-intentioned contacts, “white death” drug dealers become violent, demanding very high prices for the “fixes” of this habit. It is the beginning of the end
ACCESS AND BENEFIT SHARING UNDER NAGOYA PROTOCOL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: JOLLY STELLINA
Published: February 2020

The debate over control and ownership of natural and bio genetic resources has a chequered history in International environmental law. Historically genetic resources were considered and acknowledged as part of common heritage of mankind. But with the development of technologies and the heightened north south divide over the issue of sovereign right over natural resources the developing nations became extremely concerned with the exploitation of biological and Genetic resources. Access to benefit sharing (ABS) was considered as an answer to balance the interests of developed and developing nations and to conserve and protect bio diversity. Adopted on October 2010 in Nagoya, Japan by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of 1992, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization (NP) has come into force after its 50th ratification on 2013. Nagoya protocol details on procedure for access and benefit sharing, disclosure mechanism, principles of transparency and democracy. The paper analyses the protection of access and benefit sharing envisaged under Nagoya protocol and its possible role in promoting sustainable development in the develoing nations.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIATION IN ROMANIA
Authors: Rath-Bosca Laura-Dumitrana
Published: February 2020

Taking into consideration that our society faces a continuous development, it would be good that the principles and the methodes of managing the society would develope, because these seems to be overwhelmed.Also, regarding the mediation, it takes time to implement it into the society’s structure, in the social, economical and political sistem.
A multi-linear approach to strength and plasticity states between the Atterberg limits
Authors: Barnes Graham E.
Published: February 2020

The separate plasticity or consistency states between the liquid and plastic limits originally introduced by Atterberg and Terzaghi have long been disregarded, with just one state, plastic, currently acknowledged. The semi-logarithmic relationship between undrained shear strength and liquidity index often considered as a unique straight line is shown to be more realistically represented by a multi-linear approach with much better correlation compared to the single line usually adopted. This approach produces more accurate shear strength values at the liquid and plastic limits compared to those obtained from a single line. The trilinear interpretation of liquidity index against undrained shear strength (fall cone and lab vane) delineates very soft and soft transitions. The stiff transition and a tentative measure of the sticky or adhesion limit have been derived from the author's toughness tests. The plastic range can then be separated, as originally suggested, into consistency regions marked by very soft, soft and stiff transitions and adhesive and non-adhesive states distinguished by the adhesion limit. The adhesion limit deserves further investigation as it represents a significant change of state.
La violencia, ¿es una realidad persistente de la adolescencia del siglo XXI?
Authors: Rodríguez Pascual Iván , Blanco Miguel Pilar
Published: February 2020

El fenómeno de la persistencia de la violencia interpersonal entre los y las adolescentes merece más atención, en particular desde un enfoque que rehúya los sesgos de la patologización de esta población y recoja fielmente diversas manifestaciones de esta violencia. En este texto intentamos dar cuenta de este fenómeno a partir del estudio detallado del caso de la población entre 12 y 14 años de la ciudad de Huelva, revelando la compleja interrelación entre estas manifestaciones, pero también la manera en que cambian y evolucionan los escenarios de la violencia cuando contemplamos variables clave como la edad y el género de los protagonistas.
La insatisfacción con la democracia en América Latina. Análisis de factores económicos y políticos en 2017
Authors: Santos González Yissel , Martinez Oscar
Published: February 2020

Los bajos índices de satisfacción con el funcionamiento de la democracia en Latinoamérica en las últimas décadas, ha motivado desde diferentes perspectivas de análisis a investigar las causas que originan estos resultados. Por esa razón, el objetivo de este artículo es, explicar qué factores inciden en la percepción de satisfacción con el funcionamiento de la democracia en dicha región. Para comprobarlo, se aplicó un modelo de regresión logístico-binaria, a ocho variables agrupadas en tres dimensiones: rendimiento económico, político y percepción de corrupción; la base de datos utilizada fue el Latinobarómetro. Los resultados muestran que los factores económicos como los políticos generan mayor probabilidad de estar insatisfechos con el funcionamiento de la democracia, a pesar de esto, las personas siguen considerando a la democracia como mejor forma de gobierno.
Achievement Goals and Learning Approaches in the Context of Social Studies Teaching: Comparative Analysis of 3x2 and 2x2 Models
Authors: ÜZTEMUR Servet
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to determine the predictive relationships between achievement goals and learning approaches in the context of social studies teaching and to compare the goal orientation models ( 3x2, 2x2 ) in the context of their relationships with learning approaches. The study utilized the multi-factorial predictive correlational design. The study sample consists of 259 middle school students, who were selected by simple random sampling technique, studying in public schools in the central districts of Manisa, a province in the west of Turkey, in the 2018-2019. academic year. The data were collected by means of “ Social Studies Oriented Achievement Goal Scale” and “Social Studies Learning Approaches Scale ”. The study concludes that learning achievement goals positively predict deep learning approaches but negatively predict surface learning approaches. Also, performance-goal orientation negatively predicts deep learning approaches but positively predicts surface learning approaches. Compared to the 3x2 model, the 2x2 achievement goal model showed a better fit with the data in explaining the relationships between achievement goals and learning approaches. Findings revealed the complex structure of achievement goals specific to the subject area. The results of the research were discussed in the context of the effects of achievement goals on the learning process.
İSLAM MEDENİYETİNİN TEMELLERİ VE TARİHİ GELİŞİM SÜRECİ
Authors: ŞEMŞEK Vesile
Published: February 2020

İslam Medeniyeti, bu dini kabul etmiş milletlerin, İslam’ın etkisi altında kalarak meydana getirdikleri medeniyetin ortak tanımıdır. Bu kavram, Müslümanlığı kabul etmiş milletlerin tarihinde ayrı ayrı incelenemeyeceği gibi başlı başına tek bir medeniyet olarak da incelenemez. Çünkü, bir İslam dini vardır, fakat bağımsız bir İslam medeniyeti yoktur. Bu da İslamlığın bir milletin dini olmaması, bütün insanlığa göğüs açan bir din olmasındandır. Bu sebeple İslam medeniyeti demek, Arap - Türk - İran medeniyetleri demektir. İslam medeniyeti içinde bulunan topluluklara ve devlet düzenine yeni kurallar getirerek, her sanat ve yönetim şekli, bu medeniyetin içinde genelleşmiş ve toplu olarak İslam medeniyetini ifade eder olmuştur. Bu arada çeşitli sanat kollarında ilerlemeler olmuş resim ve heykeltıraşlığın İslamlıkta yasak olmasına ve hiç bir gelişme kazanamamasına karşılık, mimarlık alanında çok büyük ilerlemeler kazanılmıştır. İslam medeniyeti, bilim alanında da, Türk, Arap ve Acem bilim adamlarının aracılığı ile büyük gelişmeler kazanmış, Ortaçağ boyunca Avrupa ve Asya ülkelerinde iz bırakan bilim adamlarının yetişmesine yol açmıştır.
Bu güne kadar ve daha önceleri, İslam medeniyetini üzerine birçok çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmaların bir kısmı sadece belli bir alana yönelik olduğu gibi, bazıları genel olarak "İslam medeniyeti" ile ilgilidir. Konuların önemine göre ilk on sırada yer alan pozisyonlara rağmen, tüm bu çalışmaları ve sonuçlarını bu makale çerçevesinde ayrıntılı olarak inceleyemeyiz. Ancak bir anlayışa sahip olmak için, çalışmalardan birinin belirli bir alanda verdiği bilgilere kısaca bakacağız. Geniş bir coğrafyada yüzyıllar boyunca hakim olan İslam Medeniyeti, insanlık tarihine önemli katkılar sağladığı gibi, tecrübeleri ile klasik döneme ve sonraki çağlara da ışık tutmuştur.
Hazırladığımız bu ilmi araştırmanın nihai hedefi, İslamın, farklı medeniyetlere kattığı ilmi ve kültürel değerleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Ayrıca, aynı zamanda bir ahlak medeniyeti olan İslam Medeniyetinin, tarihi gelişim sürecindeki faaliyetlere yönelik bilgileri, bütün İslam coğrafyasında yaşayan halklara ulaştırmak ve aktarmaktır.
The age-related assessment of pulmonary function in children with cystic fibrosis aged below 6 years
Authors: Furman E. G. , Kondrat'eva E. I. , Chernyak A. V. , Shadrina V. V.
Published: February 2020

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe hereditary disease associated with progressive impairment of respiratory organs. Pulmonary function test (PFT) in CF patients may be relevant for determination of therapy level and patient management strategy. However, PFT is particularly difficult in children aged below 6 years. Literature data concerning options for pulmonary function analysis in children aged below 6 years with CF for assessment of disease severity, progression and monitoring of treatment efficacy are provided in the article.
Pharmacokinetic properties of an innovative nootropic agent based on a derivative of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane
Authors: Brkich G.E. , Pyatigorskaya N.V. , Beregovykh V.V. , Nedorubov A.A. , Filippova O.V. , Zyryanov O.A.
Published: February 2020

The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of a derivative of 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane exhibiting a nootropic effect, were studied after a single dose to rats. The pharmacokinetics of the compound was studied after oral and intravenous administration to 270 male rats Sprague Dawley at doses of 2.5 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg. Its distribution in organs and tissues (brain, thymus, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen) was also investigated. It was found that after a single intravenous administration, the investigated substance was determined in the blood of animals for 24 h; the half-life was 4.69 h. The relative bioavailability of the 3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivative after oral administration was 42.3%, thus suggesting the prospect of creating dosage forms for oral administration. After a single oral administration, the dose dependence of AUC0-t was exponential. The substance is characterized by heterogeneous distribution in the body with preferential accumulation mainly in well-vascularized tissues.