bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Necessary Existence of Inference-Claims
Authors: Botting David
Published: June 2021

In (2018) Gilbert Plumer argues against the existence of inference-claims on the grounds that they lead to the kind of vicious infinite regress illustrated in Carroll’s famous Achilles and the Tortoise paper (Carroll 1895). In Plumer’s view, it is not simply that neither arguments nor arguers do make inference-claims, but that they can’t do so, on pain of this regress. In further unpublished work Plumer has generalized from this result: it is a mistake to include reference to standards of argument assessment within the content of the argument. Inference-claims (i.e., sufficiency-claims) do not exist, and neither do relevance-claims or acceptability-claims, and all for much the same reason. I will argue that his arguments fail to show that inference-claims do not exist, because the regresses they lead to either are not vicious, not infinite, or can be avoided. Then I hope to show, on the grounds of what I call the ‘completeness’ of the argument, that inference-claims not only do exist but that they must exist. This is not to say that inference-claims are necessarily asserted in an act of arguing, but asserting them would not lead to the kind of harmful consequences Plumer supposes, any more than their mere existence would.
Comparative study of the reaction kinetics of three residual biomasses
Authors: Martinez Arnaldo , Meriño Lourdes , Albis Alberto , Ortega Jorge
Published: June 2021

Kinetic analysis for the combustion of three agro-industrial biomass residues (coconut husk, corn husk, and rice husk) was carried out in order to provide information for the generation of energy from them. The analysis was performed using the results of the data obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at three heating rates (10, 20, and 30 K/min). The biomass residues were characterized in terms of proximate analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value, lignin content, α-cellulose content, hemicellulose content, and holocellulose content. The biomass fuels were thermally degraded in an oxidative atmosphere. The results showed that the biomass thermal degradation process is comprised of the combustion of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The kinetic parameters of the distributed activation energy model indicated that the activation energy distribution for the pseudocomponents follows lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose in descending order. The activation energy values for each set of reactions are similar between the heating rates, which suggests that it is independent of the heating rate between 10 K/min and 30 K/min. For all the biomass samples, the increased heating rate resulted in the overlap of the hemicellulose and cellulose degradation events.
Renewable Energy Sources in the Baltic States and New Business Approach of the Sector
Authors: Viskuba Karina , Silinevicha Veronica
Published: June 2021

Renewable energy sources (RES) are efficient in meeting the demand for clean and affordable energy. The need for RES is undeniable and has many advantages but there are also some challenges that need to be taken into consideration and adapted to the energy system. One of the challenges is RES volatility and its impact on electricity prices and power system operation. Europe is trending to power system decentralisation through the involvement of local authorities, active consumers and citizens in the system operation. This article provides main information about the energy sector of Latvia and RES in the Baltic countries. It proposes a methodology for the complex analysis of correlation and regression dependences of natural and price indicators of the electric power industry, based on the adaptation of the corresponding classical mathematical models.
Organisation’s Business Planning and Strategic Decisions
Authors: Georgiev Miroslav
Published: June 2021

The report examines the nature and importance of the main objectives trends and strategic goals of the organisation G’s Group over the next few years and the value of proposals for our main and most important products, in particular, the focus will be on the following three main areas: great place to work-teams and culture; sustainable products sustainability and environmental social and financial integrity; strategic clients-supply chain and innovation in products in a lean and resistant way. As a triple bottom line strategy, these objectives are based on achieving a series of economic, environmental and social measurements, a concept that our most valued clients, consumers, employees and members of the local community demand of us.
Development and Challenges in Front of Clusters in Bulgaria
Authors: Georgieva Slavka
Published: June 2021

The importance of clusters for economic development, competitiveness and innovation is growing, and the diverse nature of cluster initiatives is becoming a popular approach to their creation, validation and development in sectors where both resources and opportunities are available. The elaboration presents the development of the clusters and their role for the modern Bulgarian economy, the conducted national policy in the sphere, the applied instruments in the context of the EU policy. The aim is to present the development of clusters in Bulgaria, highlighting the specificity of the implemented cluster initiatives and defining some challenges for their future development. Increasing competitiveness through cluster development is seen as a key strategic tool for achieving socio-economic development. It is emphasised that the success of cluster initiatives depends on companies and Bulgarian producers, striving through joint efforts to achieve higher competitiveness.
In silico study of binding affinity of nitrogenous bicyclic heterocycles: fragment-to-fragment approach
Authors: Velihina Yevheniia , Obernikhina Nataliya , Pilyo Stepan , Kachaeva Maryna , Kachkovsky Oleksiy , Brovarets Volodymyr
Published: June 2021

The binding affinity of model aromatic amino acids and heterocycles and their derivatives condensed with pyridine were investigated in silico and are presented in the framework of fragment-to-fragment approach. The presented model describes interaction between pharmacophores and biomolecules. Scrupulous data analysis shows that expansion of the π-electron system by heterocycles annelation causes the shifting up of high energy levels, while the appearance of new the dicoordinated nitrogen atom is accompanied by decreasing of the donor-acceptor properties. Density Functional Theory (DFT) wB97XD/6-31(d,p)/calculations of π-complexes of the heterocycles 1-3 with model fragments of aromatic amino acids, which were formed by π-stack interaction, show an increase in the stabilization energy of π-complexes during the moving from phenylalanine to tryptophan. DFT calculation of pharmacophore complexes with model proton-donor amino acid by the hydrogen bonding mechanism (H-B complex) shows that stabilization energy (DE) increases from monoheterocycles to their condensed derivatives. The expansion of the π-electron system by introducing phenyl radicals to the oxazole cycle as reported earlier [18] leads to a decrease in the stabilization energy of the [Pharm-BioM] complexes in comparison with the annelated oxazole by the pyridine cycle.
Biopolítica y gubernamentalidad en el Wallmapu (Araucanía) desde el nivel del sujeto. Manuel Manquilef y la “Jimnasia Nacional” en los albores del siglo XX
Authors: Mieres-Chacaltana Manuel , Llancavil-Llancavil Daniel , Mansilla-Sepúlveda Juan
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo se indaga sobre la perspectiva desarrollada por Manuel Manquilef, a principios del siglo XX, respecto de los juegos, bailes y ejercicios domésticos y guerreros que practicaban los mapuches. Este profesor normalista de ascendencia mapuche valorizó el rescate de dichas prácticas físicas, en cuanto fundamentos del alma de un pueblo que era necesario preservar. El marco teórico se establece desde las nociones de verdad, sujeto, gubernamentalidad y biopolítica, definidas por Michel Foucault, articulado con una aproximación desde el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS). Consecuentemente, la metodología articula un diseño descriptivo denso con estructuras reticulares de carácter egocentrado, generadas con herramientas provenientes del ARS. A partir de este entramado teórico-metodológico, se levanta un análisis frontal que intenta tensionar la relación entre discurso y sujeto. Específicamente, los márgenes disponibles de libertad en la intrincada trama de saber-poder desplegada en la sociedad chilena a principios del siglo XX. Trama en la que se insertó Manquilef oriundo del territorio del Wallmapu (Araucanía), por entonces, recientemente anexado al Estado chileno. Se concluye que las ideas de Manquilef, al margen de sus intenciones, resultaron funcionales a la acción asimiladora impulsada por la gubernamentalidad chilena en la Araucanía poco después de concretada su ocupación.
Patrimonio histórico y percepciones sobre el panóptico de Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: Francel-Delgado Andrés , Sánchez-Rojas Fabián
Published: June 2021

Este artículo ofrece una aproximación a un Bien de Interés Cultural de carácter nacional: el panóptico de Ibagué (Colombia). El análisis se enmarca en el origen, desarrollo, actualidad y proyección del panóptico, que se complementa con los planteamientos teóricos de algunos autores como Bentham, Foucault, Cortés, González y Segura, entre otros, quienes trabajan temas relacionados con la cultura, el patrimonio y las técnicas de construcción. El enfoque se apoya en percepciones ciudadanas logradas a partir de encuestas, e identifica el conocimiento que tiene la población sobre el Panóptico de Ibagué, su historia, usos actuales y anteriores, así como los problemas que han impedido su culminación.
Entre educar y pervertir las costumbres: inicios del espectáculo cinematográfico en el Valle del Cauca-Colombia (1910-1930). Los casos de Cali y Buga
Authors: Castañeda-Morales Andrés , Cuevas-Arenas Héctor
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo se aborda los inicios del espectáculo cinematográfico en el departamento del Valle del Cauca (Colombia) desde su fundación en 1910 hasta 1930. Su objetivo principal es mostrar y analizar las discusiones que se presentaron entre algunos sectores de las elites de Buga y Cali tras la llegada del cine. Para lograrlo, se hace un análisis de diferentes fuentes primarias, en especial la prensa del momento, así como fuentes bibliográficas nacionales e internacionales referidas al tema y al contexto. Entre los hallazgos, se evidencian, por un lado, las posturas de quienes consideraron peligroso el nuevo invento por su carácter de perversión de las costumbres y, por otro lado, la defensa del espectáculo al considerarlo educador, civilizador y modernizante.
Effect of acacia exudate gum on milk gel fermentation of flavoured synbiotic yoghurt enriched with Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef fibre
Authors:   Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Engineering, Bursa-Turkey, Ozcan Tulay
Published: June 2021

Fortifying yoghurt or dairy products with fibres and probiotic bacteria is an increasing interest to create functional foods with health benefits and improve their functionality. In this study milk fermented with acacia exudate gum and black carrot (Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef) pulp components had a significantly shorter fermentation time than the others in milk fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. Potential prebiotic addition increased the cohesiveness, index of viscosity and decreased the index of syneresis in synbiotic yoghurt samples. Sensory evaluation showed that incorporation of functional components increased satisfactory texture, and had sensory characteristics with high scores during cold storage.
Hydrolytic stability of polyetherimide investigated in ultrathin films
Authors: Machatschek Rainhard , Heuchel Matthias , Lendlein Andreas
Published: June 2021

Increasing the surface hydrophilicity of polyetherimide (PEI) through partial hydrolysis of the imide groups while maintaining the length of the main-chain was explored for adjusting its function in biomedical and membrane applications. The outcome of the polymer analogous reaction, i.e., the degree of ring opening and chain cleavage, is difficult to address in bulk and microstructured systems, as these changes only occur at the interface. Here, the reaction was studied at the air–water interface using the Langmuir technique, assisted by atomic force microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy. Slow PEI hydrolysis sets in at pH > 12. At pH = 14, the ring opening is nearly instantaneous. Reduction of the layer viscosity with time at pH = 14 suggested moderate chain cleavage. No hydrolysis was observed at pH = 1. Hydrolyzed PEI films had a much more cohesive structure, suggesting that the nanoporous morphology of PEI can be tuned via hydrolysis.

Graphic abstract
Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): work package (2) final report WP2A: development and pilot deployment of a prototypic autonomous fisheries data harvesting system, and WP2B: investigation into the availability and adaptability of novel technological approaches to data collection
Authors: Ayers R. , Course G.P. , Pasco G.R.
Published: June 2021

[Extract from Executive Summary] To enhance sustainability and foster resilience within Scotland’s inshore fishing communities an effective system of collecting and sharing relevant data is required. To support business decisions made by vessel owners as well as informing fisheries managers and those involved in marine planning it will be vital to collect a range of information which will provide a robust understanding of fishing activity, the economic value of the sector and its importance within local communities. The SIFIDS Project was conceived to assist in attaining these goals by working alongside fishers to develop and test technology to automatically collect and collate data on board vessels, thereby reducing the reporting burden on fishers. The project built upon previous research funded through the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) and was designed to deliver a step change in the way that inshore fisheries in Scotland could be managed in cooperation with the industry. The project focussed on inshore fishing vessels around Scotland, where spatio-temporal information on the distribution of vessels and associated fishing effort is data deficient. The whole project was broken down into 12 highly integrated work packages. This is the integrated report for work packages 2A and 2B, entitled’ Development and Pilot Deployment of a Prototypic Autonomous Fisheries Data Harvesting System’ (2A) and ‘Investigation into the Availability and Adaptability of Novel Technological Approaches to Data Collection’ (2B).
Image of a Russian Professor in Stanislav Rakъs’s The Eccentric University
Authors:   Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland, Blashkiv Oksana
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on the image of the Russian professors in The Eccentric University (2008), a novel by Stanislav Rakús. Based on previous research, the author presents a short survey of Russian images in Slovak Literature in the late nineteenth — early twentieth-first centuries, whose peculiarities are rooted in the history of interaction between the two Slavic nations. Thus, the early twentieth century idealistic image of the Russian was built on the basis of Russian literature. The first images of Russians based on personal experience were created by Czechoslovak legionnaires as a result of interaction with Russians between 1917 and 1920, while after World War II, they were presented through a dichotomy “brother — suppressor”, to be changed into more dynamic ones by the early twenty-first century. The Eccentric University, which the author approaches from the perspective of the academic novel and part of Rakъs’s academic trilogy, enlarges the list of literary images of the Russians in Slovak literature. The author analyses images of Maria Petrovna Golovčikova, a female professor of Russian nineteenth-century literature, and Alexandr Kirillovič Ћuprej, a professor of Russian literature, both immigrant scholars at a Slovak university in the 1950s. The author maintains that through these images, Rakъs addresses not only Slovak Russophilic stereotypes historically embedded in nineteenth-century literary images of Russians, but also gender and immigrant stereotypes that circulate in contemporary Slovak culture. The author concludes that an ironic portrayal of Russian professors is directed at the cultural memory activation, which together with other features typical for both campus and academic novel adds to the new (Rakús’s) invariant of the “university novel”.
Political Culture of the Habsburg Peoples in the Mid-19th and Early 20th Centuries. Review of: Vashhenko, M. S., Velichko, O. I., Dronov, M. Yu., et al. (2018). Politicheskie partii i obshhestvennye dvizheniia v monarkhii Gabsburgov, 1848–1914 gg.: ocherki [Political Parties and Social Movements in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1848–1914: Essays]. Moscow: Indrik. 408 p.
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, But Yulia E.
Published: June 2021

This review characterises the content and comments on the importance of a collective monograph which can be regarded as the first comprehensive work in the Russian historical science to depict the dynamics of political culture and the stages of party building by almost all the peoples of the multinational Habsburg monarchy in 1848–1914. In a series of essays, the authors demonstrate how Habsburg peoples fought, though with a varying degree of ardour and success, for the recognition of their collective identity and claimed to be recognised as collective subjects of the state. The review reveals the main issues that thwart drawing a comprehensive review of the political culture of the peoples of the monarchy resulting from the composite state structure, the nature of political associations and parties, and the different development stages of the national idea. The authors revise the teleological approach of 20th-century historiography which can be considered a novelty in the Central European studies in Russia. Yet, the book contains occasional weaknesses in the chains of reasoning and evidence. Nonetheless, the strengths of the book make it possible to rank it among the authoritative books on the Central European history of the modern period.
Validation of an instrument for systematizing nursing care in pediatrics
Authors: Ferreira Thalys Maynnard Costa , Ferreira Josefa Danielma Lopes , Santos Carla Lidiane Jácome dos , Silva Kenya de Lima , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Agra Glenda , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the validity of indicators’ content referring to the instrument for data collection in children aged 0 to 5 years hospitalized in a pediatric clinic. Method: a cross-sectional methodological study was carried out with 11 experts between January and May 2018. For data collection, the steps for validating the instrument’s content were respected. For data analysis, Content Validity Index and Kappa agreement analysis were used. Results: after content analysis, a Content Validity Index of 0.94 and Kappa 0.71 was issued according to the experts’ suggestions 81.9%. Therefore, the instrument was suitable for applicability. Conclusion: the instrument proved to be valid in terms of content for pediatric care, contributing significantly to improving care for hospitalized children aged 0 to 5 years.
Heterarchy: Exploiting Ambiguity and Organizing Diversity
Authors: STARK DAVID
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT This paper explores the concept of heterarchy as an organizational form that is an alternative to hierarchies and markets. Heterarchies are characterized by lateral accountability and multiple organizing principles, or in different terms, by distributed intelligence and the organization of diversity. Empirical materials are drawn from the contemporary Hungarian economy where firms operate in an environment of institutional uncertainty. An analysis of the ownership structure of the largest 200 firms and the top 25 banks identifies distinctive network properties created by ties of inter-organizational ownership. Heterarchy contributes to flexibility; but the interweaving of multiple logics of justification poses new problems of accountability.
Incompetência e Confidence Building por trás de 20 Anos de quase estagnação da América Latina
Authors: BRESSER-PEREIRA LUIZ CARLOS
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A América Latina permaneceu quase estagnada em termos per capita nos últimos vinte anos. As causas originais são bem conhecidas: a crise da dívida inter-relacionada e a crise fiscal do estado. Mas por que os países latino-americanos demoraram tanto para recuperar a estabilidade macroeconômica? Não apenas porque o ajuste fiscal e as reformas orientadas para o mercado foram controladas pelos grupos de interesse, mas também porque, mesmo quando os formuladores de políticas estavam livres de restrições políticas, eles cometeram graves erros políticos: erros que derivavam de incompetência técnica ou emocional e de uma subordinada “estratégia de construção de confiança”, que implicava fazer tudo o que as agências internacionais e mercados financeiros esperassem para obter crédito e credibilidade, em vez de usar seu próprio julgamento para tomar decisões e projetar as reformas necessárias.
A gnoseologia segundo Ernest Sosa
Authors: Salles João Carlos
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Ernest Sosa enfatiza a diferença entre a teoria do conhecimento (ou, simplesmente, gnoseologia) e a ética intelectual, no interior de uma epistemologia. Com efeito, tal distinção adquire importância estratégica em sua obra, servindo bem à caraterização das tarefas de sua singular epistemologia das virtudes, sobretudo em sua versão mais recente, aperfeiçoada e télica. Exploraremos assim o sentido próprio de uma gnoseologia conforme com uma posição confiabilista, procurando mostrar como essa exigência taxonômica também se associa à análise da normatividade télica das performances humanas, por meio da qual Sosa oferece uma resposta unificada às duas questões platônicas clássicas sobre a natureza e o valor do conhecimento e também aos desafios colocados pelo problema de Gettier. Para essa resposta, procuraremos enfim mostrar, é relevante o exame da relação entre as noções de ‘performance’ e ‘sorte’, aplicadas então à avaliação do fenômeno do conhecimento.
Externalizando a reflexão
Authors: Perini-Santos Ernesto
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A principal crítica do internismo a teorias externistas é que elas parecem fazer o conhecimento o resultado de processos que permanecem inacessíveis ao sujeito. Epistemologias externistas buscaram acomodar esta exigência, como é o caso da epistemologia de Sosa. A incorporação das exigências internistas não se faz sem tensões - no caso de Sosa, os mecanismos reflexivos podem ser inacessíveis ao sujeito. Na medida em que buscamos compreender como podemos conhecer e refletir sobre nossas próprias crenças, encontramos mecanismos externos ao sujeito que não podem ser internalizados: a dinâmica conversacional e o conhecimento científico dos mecanismos de funcionamento da cognição. A externalização do saber se estende para o conhecimento cientifico de maneira muito ampla. Uma pessoa que só tomasse como verdadeiro aquilo que pode provar (ou mesmo que pode compreender) seria alguém que recusaria boa parte do saber humano. Para todo leigo - isto é, para todo mundo, num ou noutro domínio -, assumir o que é produzido pela cultura é tomar como verdadeiras crenças cujo conteúdo resta opaco. Como exige um internista, o funcionamento interacional da razão não envolve mecanismos cegos à perspectiva do sujeito e não conceitualizados, mas, ao contrário, leva precisamente à articulação e à tomada de consciência das teses apresentadas. Este conhecimento não pode, contudo, ser internalizado. A externalização do conhecimento é um traço profundo do conhecimento e, mais geralmente, da cultura humana. No contexto de uma teoria evolutiva da cultura, muitos autores defendem, de diferentes modos, que a cultura humana é essencialmente social. O que talvez não seja tão usual seja conectar teorias mais gerais da evolução da cultura com preocupações tradicionais da epistemologia. Espero mostrar que este é um caminho frutífero.
Vieses comportamentais em projeções macroeconômicas
Authors: Nasser Henry , De-Losso Rodrigo
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este trabalho documenta o otimismo na projeção de PIB e IPCA. Isto é, mostram-se que as projeções de PIB são sistematicamente maiores do que efetivamente acontece, e as projeções de IPCA são sistematicamente menores. Depois testa se há um viés antimanada ligado à hipótese de publicidade para o comportamento dos profissionais que fazem tais projeções. Finalmente, verifica se a revisão das projeções ainda carrega o viés de otimismo identificado anteriormente por meio de uma reação exagerada ou sub-reação no comportamento das revisões. Os resultados confirmam a existência de viés otimista na projeção de PIB e IPCA, e esse viés permanece nas revisões subsequentes para PIB. Porém, a hipótese de publicidade parece não se confirmar nas projeções agregadas por tipos de instituição.
PARA ALÉM DO COMÉRCIO: MERCOSUL, DEMOCRACIA E SEGURANÇA REGIONAL
Authors: Fuccille Alexandre , Luciano Bruno Theodoro , Bressan Regiane Nitsch
Published: June 2021

Resumo No marco dos trinta anos do Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul), o presente artigo busca elucidar e discutir como o bloco contribuiu, desde sua formação, com a estabilidade democrática e a promoção da paz regional. Embora a agenda comercial tenha relevância na conformação desse projeto e seja sua face pública mais visível, a criação do Mercosul foi fundamental para distensionar a área de segurança e defesa entre os países do bloco, buscando sepultar desconfianças mútuas de décadas. Ademais, o Mercosul procurou consolidar a democracia em um momento-chave, pós-autoritário, de retorno aos governos democráticos entre os Estados-membros. As instituições regionais desenvolvidas no âmbito do Mercosul conferiram e ainda conferem relevância às agendas de paz e proteção democrática na região. Não obstante, sua baixa institucionalidade e dependência quanto às dinâmicas políticas dos governos em exercício ilustram as dificuldades recentes em avançar nas agendas regionais.
PARADIGMS, INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES AND POLICY DISMANTLING IN THE MERCOSUR SPECIALIZED MEETING OF FAMILY FARMING
Authors: Grisa Catia , Niederle Paulo Andre
Published: June 2021

Abstract This article analyzes the dismantling of the Specialized Meeting on Family Farming (Reaf), a Mercosur forum responsible for proposing public policies for family farming. By means of a dialogue with the historical institutionalism, the cognitive approach, and the policy dismantling approach, the article characterizes the predominant type of dismantling and explains its driving forces. Data were collected through the analysis of official documents, observation of national and regional meetings, and interviews with ministers, policymakers, researchers and social leaders. Results indicate the prevalence of “dismantling by default” or gradual changes known as “drift”, in which, besides the interests and strategies of the political actors - the main focus of policy dismantling analysis - the emergence of new ideas and policy paradigms has played a major role.
ANÁLISE COMPARADA DAS ESTRATÉGIAS ORGANIZATIVAS DOS LOBBIES NO PROCESSO CONSTITUINTE DE 1987-88
Authors: Costa Lucas
Published: June 2021

Resumo Neste artigo comparamos as estratégias organizativas dos grupos de interesse nas áreas da Educação, Saúde e Trabalho, durante o processo constituinte de 1987-88. Adaptamos a teoria sobre coalizões lobistas e gráficos de redes sociais para enfatizar os elementos de coesão e estabilidade política dos grupos centrais nas redes. Sustentamos que o lobby se traduziu na divisão entre dois tipos de grupos, definidos pela relação que mantinham em suas áreas de interesse. Essa dinâmica constitui um modelo teórico delineado pela tendência de centralização dos interesses por um único grupo, que representou os demais e, cuja capacidade agregadora, atuou como a principal variável na determinação da força política dos interesses defendidos e, consequentemente, no sucesso do lobby. Os resultados confirmaram a hipótese, mas mostraram que a influência da variável é determinada pela composição das relações entre os grupos, analisadas por meio de gráficos de redes sociais.
Evaluation of percutaneous renal biopsy complications based on outcomes and indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification
Authors: Oliveira Magáli Costa , Flores Fernanda Da Silva , Barbosa Franciele Moreira , Fujii Cinthia Dalasta Caetano , Rabelo-Silva Eneida Rejane , Lucena Amália de Fátima
Published: June 2021

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the complications of percutaneous renal biopsy based on outcomes and clinical indicators of the Nursing Outcomes Classification. Method: a prospective longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 13 patients submitted to percutaneous renal biopsy, with 65 evaluations. The patients were evaluated in five moments in the 24 hours after the procedure, using an instrument developed by the researchers based on five outcomes (Blood coagulation, Circulation status, Blood loss severity, Pain level, Comfort status: Physical) and 11 indicators. The Generalized Estimation Equation Test was used to compare the scores of the indicators. The project was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Results: in the 65 evaluations, a statistically significant difference was identified in the reduction of the scores of the following nursing outcomes: Blood coagulation, “hematuria” indicator; Circulation status, in the “systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure” indicators and Comfort status: physical, in the “physical well-being” indicator. Conclusion: the evaluated patients did not show major complications. The clinical indicators signaled changes in circulation status, with reduced blood pressure, as well as in blood clotting observed by hematuria, but without hemodynamic instability. The comfort status was affected by the rest time after the procedure.
Duration of night sleep and cognitive performance of community older adults
Authors: Alves Élen dos Santos , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Luchesi Bruna Moretti , Ottaviani Ana Carolina , Cardoso Juliana de Fátima Zacarin , Inouye Keika
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze the relationship between the duration of self-reported night sleep and the cognitive performance of older adults. Method: the sample consisted of 156 older adults registered in Family Health Units (FHUs) in a city of São Paulo, divided into quartiles according to the duration of night sleep. Data collection was performed using a characterization questionnaire, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Exam – Revised (ACE-R) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive, comparative and correlational statistical analyses were performed. Results: the older adults obtained a mean of 61.94 points in ACE-R and 55.1% presented good sleep quality. Comparative analyses showed differences between the groups only in the cognitive domain of verbal fluency (p=0.018). The post-hoc analyses showed that older adults who slept more hours, a mean of 8.85 hours (Q1), had lower scores when compared to those who slept a mean of 6.11 hours (Q3) (p=0.004) and of 4.52 hours (Q4) (p=0.045). The adjusted model with application of the stepwise method showed a relationship between the independent variables of schooling and sleep duration and the domain verbal fluency. Conclusion: it is concluded that sleep duration is related to the verbal fluency cognitive domain.
Elaboration and validation of an algorithm for treating peripheral intravenous infiltration and extravasation in children
Authors: Santos Luciano Marques dos , Nunes Katharinne de Jesus , Silva Cleonara Sousa Gomes e , Kusahara Denise Miyuki , Rodrigues Elisa da Conceição , Avelar Ariane Ferreira Machado
Published: June 2021

Objective: to elaborate and validate the content and appearance of an algorithm for treating infiltration and extravasation of non-chemotherapy drugs and solutions administered to children. Method: a methodological study of the technology formulation and validation type. To elaborate the algorithm, a bibliographic review was carried out to list the scientific evidence on the treatment of infiltration and extravasation. Content and appearance validation was in charge of 14 specialists in pediatric nursing, using the Delphi technique, adopting a value equal to or greater than 0.80 as Content Validation Index. Results: the algorithm was validated in the third evaluation by the judges, reaching a Global Content Validation Index of 0.99, being composed by the perception of the occurrence of the complication; discontinuation of intravenous therapy infusion; verification of signs and symptoms; measurement of edema; application of an infiltration and extravasation assessment scale and conduits to be used according to the characteristics of the fluid administered and the type of complication. Conclusion: the algorithm was validated and can be used in a practical and objective way by health professionals, in order to promote safety in the care of hospitalized children, with regard to reducing harms caused by infiltration and extravasation.
Multiprofessional family health residency as a setting for education and interprofessional practices
Authors: Araújo Heloísa Pimenta Arruda , Santos Lucas Cardoso dos , Domingos Thiago da Silva , Alencar Rúbia Aguiar
Published: June 2021

Objective: to know the experiences lived during the residency by graduates of a Multiprofessional Residency Program in Family Health that could contribute to the development of Interprofessional Education and/or Collaborative Practice. Method: a qualitative study with residents who entered a Multiprofessional Residency Program of a Brazilian public university in 2017, a period in which the theme of interprofessionality was implemented in the activities of the residency. Data was collected using an electronic form built from the theoretical framework of interprofessional education. Content analysis was used to process the data. Results: nine residents participated, distributed among the professions of Physical Education, Nursing, Nutrition, Dentistry, Psychology and Social Work, five of whom were female and with a mean age of 28.4. Two categories emerged: the Residency as a setting for learning from the other, and the Residency as a setting for understanding the role of the other. Interprofessional education and practice provided opportunities for the development of collaborative skills, enhancing teamwork and interprofessional work. Conclusion: the multiprofessional logic was evidenced in the resident’s practice; and the gradual insertion of activities such as case discussions, shared services and inter-sectoral actions aligned with the theoretical-methodological framework of interprofessionality favored an approach to interprofessional work.
Factors associated to suicide risk in stricto sensu postgraduate students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abreu Evelyn Kelly das Neves , Marcon Samira Reschetti , Espinosa Mariano Martínez , Kogien Moisés , Valim Marília Duarte , Nascimento Frantielen Castor dos Santos
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze factors associated to suicide risk in postgraduate students. Method: a cross-sectional analytical study, developed with 565 stricto sensu postgraduate students from August to September 2019. Data collection took place using a validated instrument containing demographic, socioeconomic, health and academic variables; as well as variables of Module C of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), version 5.0; of the CAGE (Cut down, Annoyed by criticism, Guilty and Eye-opener) questionnaire; and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Descriptive and multiple statistical analysis was performed using the Poisson regression model, with a significance level of 5%. Results: 40.8% prevalence of current suicide risk. The following variables were associated to current suicide risk: age > 30 years old (p=0.029), absence of faith (p=0.015), depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p=0.018) symptoms, use of psychotropic drugs during the course (p<0.001), not having a meaningful and inspiring academic work (p=0.013), not having a good relationship with colleagues from the postgraduate school (p=0.033), having family relationship impaired by the demands of the postgraduate school (p=0.036) and concern about the financial situation (p=0.048). Conclusion: a high prevalence of current suicide risk was identified among postgraduate students, as well as a significant association of this risk with demographic, socioeconomic, academic and health variables.
Higher education privatization in Nursing in Brazil: profile, challenges and trends
Authors: Fehn Amanda Cavada , Alves Thays dos Santos Guaraciaba , Poz Mario Roberto Dal
Published: June 2021

Objective: this study aims to analyze and characterize the movement of expansion of Nursing undergraduate courses in Brazil since the 1990s. The characteristics of this expansion are discussed, as well as the socio-political setting where such movement occurred, and the quality of education available based on the data collected. Method: this is a descriptive and cross-sectional study with a quali-quantitative approach, with the use of secondary databases. Results: an accelerated and disordered growth of Nursing undergraduate courses was identified, as well as the number of vacancies, especially due to the participation of the private sector, especially since the year 2000. Geographical inequalities in the distribution of these courses and vacancies were also identified. Conclusion: the strong expansion of higher education in Nursing, along with other health professions, resulted in the strengthening of private higher education institutions associated with economic groups, regional concentration, as well as the excessive offer of distance learning without adequate evaluation of its quality or repercussions.
Communication in health and inter-professional collaboration in the care for children with chronic conditions
Authors: Schimith Maria Denise , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina , Xavier Daiani Modernel , Cardoso Letícia Silveira
Published: June 2021

Objective: to understand how health communication in the care of children with chronic conditions interferes with inter-professional collaboration. Method: a multicentric qualitative research. Data collection, carried out through interviews and observation, occurred from October 2017 to February 2018. For data organization, the NVivo software, version 12, was used. These data were analyzed from a dialectical perspective. Results: a total of 79 professionals were interviewed, including physicians and nurses in the Family Health Strategy. Essential markers for inter-professionality stand out, such as multi-institutional communication; the historical and political context of the municipalities; the bond between staff and families with children with chronic conditions; and active and purposeful communication. Conclusion: inter-professional collaboration is strengthened when the therapeutic plan of the child with a chronic condition is coordinated by the Family Health Strategy, plus the intention of communicating with the secondary sector. It is considered that the research included important issues, contributing to planning the work process in the Family Health Strategy.
Toxicity and larvicidal activity on Aedes aegypti of citronella essential oil submitted to enzymatic esterification
Authors: Cansian R. L. , Staudt A. , Bernardi J. L. , Puton B. M. S. , Oliveira D. , de Oliveira J. V. , Gomes A. C. C. , Andrade B. C. O. P. , Leal I. C. R. , Simas N. K. , Zeni J. , Jungues A. , Dallago R. M. , Backes G. T. , Paroul N.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) has several biological activities, among them the insect repellent action. Some studies showed that cinnamic acid esters can be applied as natural pesticides, insecticides and fungicides. In this context, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the production of esters from citronella essential oil with cinnamic acid via enzymatic esterification. Besides, the essential oil toxicity before and after esterification against Artemia salina and larvicidal action on Aedes aegypti was investigated. Esters were produced using cinnamic acid as the acylating agent and citronella essential oil (3:1) in heptane and 15 wt% NS 88011 enzyme as biocatalysts, at 70 °C and 150 rpm. Conversion rates of citronellyl and geranyl cinnamates were 58.7 and 69.0% for NS 88011, respectively. For the toxicity to Artemia salina LC50 results of 5.29 μg mL-1 were obtained for the essential oil and 4.36 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with NS 88011. In the insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, was obtained LC50 of 111.84 μg mL-1 for the essential oil of citronella and 86.30 μg mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with the enzyme NS 88011, indicating high toxicity of the esters. The results demonstrated that the evaluated samples present potential of application as bioinsecticide.
Anatomical and histological traits of Brycon amazonicus liver cultivated in a semi-intensive system
Authors: Ziemniczak H. M. , Honorato C. A. , Valentim J. K. , Ferreira E. , Ferraz H. T. , Ramos D. G. S. , Vieira N. T. , Saturnino K. C.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The work aimed to evaluate the weight-length relationship and the condition factor, characterizing the biometry, anatomy, histology and volumetric density of the liver of Brycon amazonicus, in different stages of body growth. The experiment used twenty specimens in four stages of body growth (PI, PII, PIII and PIV) harvested every 90 days, containing five specimens, each group. The livers were dissected, weighed (g) and processed routinely using the hematoxylin and eosin technique. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation test and linear regression. The equation that represented the weight-length relation was W = 0.05902 x L2.63, with negative allometric growth, but with a relative condition factor equal to 1.0. The liver was divided into three lobes with the gallbladder close to the right lobe and its color varied from light red to dark red, not varying in relation to other fish species. The hepatosomatic relationship followed body growth until the PII group stage and then declined, demonstrating the behavior of its development in Brycon amazonicus. The organ consists predominantly of hepatocytes, followed by sinusoidal vessels and capillaries, with histological morphology similar to that of many species of fish. Melanomacrophage centers were found only in the most developed animals, but in small quantities, prompting the development of new research on this cell, in this species. In this way, research of this nature allows the characterization of fish species, helping to improve breeding methods, understanding pathological processes caused by diseases, and obtaining better productive capacity, serving an increasingly demanding and prosperous market.
Antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and phytochemical prospection of Eugenia involucrata DC. leaf extracts
Authors: Toledo A. G. , Souza J. G. de L. de , Santana C. B. , Mallmann A. P. , dos Santos C. V. , Corrêa J. M. , Pinto F. G. da S.
Published: June 2021

Abstract The species Eugenia involucrata DC. is a plant native to Brazil and is traditionally used for intestinal problems, however, little research has documented about its biological potential and phytochemical profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out preliminary phytochemical prospecting, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of E. involucrata extracts. Using the E. involucrata leaves, aqueous and organic extracts were obtained using the following solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The phytochemical prospecting detected the presence of saponins, steroids, flavonoids and tannins in the extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts presented antimicrobial activity for most of the bacterial strains tested, as well as for yeast Candida albicans, with concentrations between 3.12 and 50 mg/mL. The ethanolic and metanolic extract presented high free radical sequestration potential (>90%). The methanol extract showed an IC50 value statistically equal to that found for the commercial antioxidant BHT (p <0.05). The crude extracts obtained with ethanol and methanol were the most promising. These results suggest that methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts are a promising source of natural bioactive.
Chemical composition, in vitro larvicidal and antileishmanial activities of the essential oil from Citrus reticulata Blanco fruit peel
Authors: Oliveira A. C. S. D. , Fernandes C. C. , Santos L. S. , Candido A. C. B. B. , Magalhães L. G. , Miranda M. L. D.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Numerous studies have investigated the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from different Citrus species fruit peel, leaves and flowers. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition, larvicidal and antileishmanial activities of essential oil from Citrus reticulata fruit peel (CR-EO). CR-EO was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Limonene (85.7%), ɣ-terpinene (6.7%) and myrcene (2.1%) were identified as its major components. CR-EO showed high activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 = 8.23 µg/mL). CR-EO also exhibited high larvicidal activity against third instar Aedes aegypti larvae at a lethal concentration (LC50 = 58.35 µg/mL) and 100% mortality at 150 µg/mL. This study suggests, for the first time, the potential use of CR-EO against this important mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the genus Aedes.
Diversity of fungi obtained from bats captured in urban forest fragments in Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Ludwig L. , Muraoka J. Y. , Bonacorsi C. , Donofrio F. C.
Published: June 2021

Abstract Bats are important for the homeostasis of ecosystems and serve as hosts of various microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, and fungi with pathogenic potential. This study aimed to isolate fungi from biological samples obtained from bats captured in the city of Sinop (state of Mato Grosso, Brazil), where large areas of deforestation exist due to urbanization and agriculture. On the basis of the flow of people and domestic animals, 48 bats were captured in eleven urban forest fragments. The samples were processed and submitted to microbiological cultures, to isolate and to identify the fungal genera. Thirty-four (70.83%) of the captured bats were positive for fungi; 18 (37.5%) and 16 (33.33%) of these bats were female and male, respectively. Penicillium sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., Cryptococcus sp., Trichosporon sp., and Candida sp., which may cause opportunistic infections, were isolated. The bat species with the highest number of fungal isolates was Molossus molossus: 21 isolates (43.8%). According to our results, bats captured in urban forest fragments in Sinop harbor pathogenic fungi, increasing the risk of opportunistic fungal infections in humans and domestic animals.