bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING OF RAINFALL EROSIVITY INDEX (R) FOR MAJHA REGION, PUNJAB IS A STATE IN NORTHERN, INDIA
Authors: Kumar Prashant
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This study gives a critical assessment of the rainfall erosivity factor (R) for selected sites in the Majha region, representing different locations use of mean monthly rainfall data. 

Methodology: By applying empirical methods, the rainfall intensity for all the locations were obtained and was further determined at three different intervals of 30-minutes, 45-minutes and 60-minutes, respectively. The rainfall erosivity factor (R) was calculated by the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE).

Main Findings: Using RUSLE, the rainfall erosivity factor (R) for each of the locations was measured as follows; EI = 3878.49 (MJmmha-1hr-1), EI = 4013.71 (MJmmha-1hr-1), EI = 4302.24 (MJmmha-1hr-1) for Majha region of Amritsar, Tarntaran and Pathankot respectively. A close observation of the data obtained revealed that as rainfall intensity increased with the duration, the rainfall erosivity index reduced or decreased.

Implications of study: Nevertheless, it is expected that if proper cover crop and management practices are applied despite the region, the study area falls within, rainfall erosivity can be cushioned, thus reducing further erosion tendencies and enhancing food production chances from productive lands within the area.

The novelty of study: The rainfall erosivity factor (R) was calculated by the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE).
Drug Repurposing Against SARS-CoV-2: Targeting NSP16-NSP10 Interaction
Authors: BADAY Sefer
Published: August 2021

Drug repurposing studies played an important role for fighting with the Covid-19 pandemic. Discovering a new drug molecule for a disease takes a very long time. However, repurposing a drug molecule developed for another disease can accelerate to find new treatments for a disease. Thus, several drug repurposing studies were carried out targeting important proteins for SARS-CoV-2. In this work, Nsp16-Nsp10 interaction was targeted since this interaction is needed for SARS-CoV-2 to evade the human immune system. Therefore, docking calculations of approved 2126 drug molecules obtained from Drugbank database were performed using AutoDock VINA program. From these docking calculations, drugs Ledipasvir Elbasvir, Venetoclax, Digitoxin, Irinotecan, Dexamethasone, Acetyldigitoxin, Dactinomycin, Lumacaftor and Simeprevir have the highest docking scores. Important interactions for these drug molecules were presented.
Social Services Offered by Faith-Based Organizations in the Post-Secular Society
Authors:   PhD Student, Doctoral School of Sociology, “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iasi, Romania, Nistor Polixenia
Published: August 2021

Christian ethics of care has its roots in evangelical teachings and consists in helping the poor, the suffering, the prisoner, the orphan, the old people, the widows and, in general, the one who is humble, experiencing incapacity. A series of papers show that, at global level, 90% of charitable staff work as an employee or volunteer in religious organizations or faith-based organizations (Crisp, 2014: 11). Recognizing the social importance of the activity underwent in faith-based organizations comes in the context of reconsidering the role of religion in society and recognizing the failure of complete separation between secular society and religion, in the context of a post-secular society (Barbato & Kratochvil, 2008; Habermas, Blair, & Debray, 2017).
Information and Communications Technology in the Professional Training of Future Professionals in the Field of Culture and Art
Authors: Rohotchenko Oleksii , Zuziak Tetyana , Kizim Svitlana , Rohotchenko Svitlana , Shynin Oleksandr
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the self-education of future specialists in the field of culture and art within the context of philosophical, psychological, and pedagogical studies of the postmodern era. This substantiates the need to use e-learning in professional training. The use of cloud computing technologies is one of the educational process’ innovations. As shown by our research and personal experience implementing cloud computing technologies into the educational process proves to be feasible for training future professionals in the field of culture and art, including their self-education. The article shows that the aim of self-education of the future professionals in the field of culture and art is personal and professional perfection, and also achievement, at the maximum possible level, of the creative ideal. Today their professional training is focused on self-perfection, ability to self-educate, skill to foresee the consequences of their professional activity and search for the new ways to solve their professional tasks using ICT. The article justifies that cloud computing technologies allow spreading content in the Internet, they facilitate posting the text messages, photographs, pictures and musical files. Accessibility, openness, interactivity of the cloud computing technologies cause their wide use for both on-line and off-line communication, data sharing of text, multimedia and audio resources for all participants of the educational process that enriches the self-education of future professionals in the field of culture and art and makes it rich in content, practically-oriented and enhances professional competence. The article concludes that e-learning best meets methodological requirements of the postmodern society.
Postmodern Trends in Teaching Painting to Preschoolers in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Shulha Liudmyla , Bielienka Ganna , Polovina Olena , Kondratets Inna , Novoseletska Iryna , Ukhtomska Anna
Published: August 2021

The article presents theoretical generalization and offers new solutions to the problem of developing creative skills in preschoolers in painting classes, taking into account the postmodern tendencies which are becoming increasingly common in the post-Soviet countries. The relevance of the article lies in the need to reform today’s education system in the post-Soviet space and develop pedagogical technologies to enhance the effectiveness of preschool education and reveal the creative potential of each child in the context of the postmodernism and the latest achievements in psychology of creativity. The paper aims to develop and theoretically justify a technology for developing creative skills in preschoolers in painting classes in educational institutions for the postcolonial democracies on the example of Ukraine based on the analysis of relevant scientific sources and teaching placement. The article also substantiates the technology for developing creative skills in preschoolers in painting classes, which is defined as a model for organizing artistic and aesthetic activity of preschoolers aimed at expanding their cognitive experience and emotional perception of the world, as well as cultivating their aesthetic attitude to its objects and ensuring creative self-expression of each child. The article proves the validity of the open performative postmodernist approach, according to which playing activities, perception and enjoyment from creativity act as the main drivers of the creative activity of primary school children.
Shaping a Values-Based Attitude toward Human in the Context of Postmodernism via the Structural-Functional Model
Authors: Stoliarenko Olena , Stoliarenko Oksana , Oberemok Anna , Belan Tetiana , Piasetska Nataliia , Shpylova Maryna
Published: August 2021

The problem of shaping a values-based attitude toward humans requires complex, universal, and multilevel solutions (natural-scientific, cosmological-anthropological, sociological, cultural, moral, and ethical aspects). Another side of the problem lies in the postmodern devaluation of classical values that has caused a crisis in the education of the younger generations. The article presents the author’s conceptual, scientific-methodical, structural-functional model and technology for shaping a values-based attitude toward humans by stages in the humanities-oriented educational environment. Given postmodern trends in the post-Soviet countries with “young democracies”, the structural components of this model are as follows: the consideration of human nature in mastering disciplines, as well as out-of-classroom and out-of-school work, that seek to shape humanistic consciousness, feelings, and behavior based on basic values. In this regard, it is essential to help students learn to respect themselves, understand their personality (reflexivity), and resist external negative factors (emotional stability). Besides, it is important to consider the axiological component in a study of human nature, teach students to realize the value of others and develop their empathy skills.
The Impact of Perceived Corporate Reputation of Sport Clubs on Social Media Usage: a Study with the Lenses of Social Capital
Authors: Esen Emel , Taştan Seçil , Degercan Nihan
Published: August 2021

Technological developments and changes in communication systems in postmodern world have enhanced the organizations to improve their own communication infrastructures and to effectively use their internet sites. Like all other organizations, sport club institutions have considered the vital importance of investing in social media activities and creating their corporate reputation through their connections with their supporters. Thus, social media channels and public relations via social media have been the most essential tools of the organizations to build company image and increase their corporate reputation among the stakeholder groups, particularly their supporters. Taking into account the suggested influence of effective use of social media on building corporate reputation, the current study examined the relationship between supporters’ social media usage frequency and their perceptions of corporate reputation. A cross-sectional research design has been applied in order to obtain data about the corporate reputation perception levels and social media usage frequencies of the supporters as well as the demographic characteristics of the participants. The sample group was composed of 782 participants and data obtained was examined by executing statistical analyses. The findings revealed that individuals’ social media usage frequency has positive effect on the perceived corporate reputation. In addition, demographic differences were observed in terms of the social media usage frequency and corporate reputation perception. Consequently, the results of the study were discussed in the light of the conceptual background and the previous empirical evidences. The managerial and conceptual implications of the study were evaluated and future directions were presented.
Green chemistry as ecofriendly chemistry: a review
Authors: Mohammed T. I.
Published: August 2021

The green chemistry movement has aimed to make the sector safer and more competitive over the last two decades. Yet mindset is evolving gradually, and the transition still has a long and challenging path ahead. Green Chemistry is a revolutionary philosophy that began 20 years ago and aims to unify government, academic and industrial societies. Through making the early stages of innovation and development, more focus on environmental impacts and addressing through green chemistry could be a viable alternative to protect our environment and reduce industrial emissions. In this review article, we will discuss the green chemistry as ecofriendly chemistry. This review also synthesis the foundation, principals and future directions of green chemistry.
Response of potassium nitrate on yield and yield contributing characters of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan28
Authors: Hasan M. , Akter M. B. , Karim M. M. , Yasmine F. , Hasan A. K.
Published: August 2021

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, to explore the growth and yield performance of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan28 is influenced by foliar spray of potassium nitrate (KNO3) at four rice growth stages. The experiment consisted of four doses of KNO3 viz. 0 (Control), 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 kg ha−1 and applied at four growth stages of rice development viz. at panicle initiation, at ear emergence, at anthesis period and at dough stage. This experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications with 10 m2 (4.0 m × 2.5 m) unit plot size and spacing between blocks and unit plots was 1 m and 0.5 m, respectively. Results revealed that foliar application of potassium nitrate at four growth stages significantly affected yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan28. But most of the yield contributing characters did not differ significantly due to the interaction between potassium nitrate and stage of foliar spray. However, the foliar application of KNO3 @ 0.25 kg ha−1 showed the highest yield production (5.86 kg ha−1) while the lowest yield (4.85 kg ha−1) was found in control. Furthermore, better yield performances were recorded when the KNO3 was applied at panicle initiation stage rather than the other four growth stages. The total number of tillers, 1000–grain weight and grain yield, was higher with foliar spraying of a 0.25 kg ha−1 KNO3 at panicle initiation stage. From this experiment, it may be concluded that foliar application of KNO3 affected the yield performances of BRRI dhan28 and 0.25 kg ha−1 KNO3 produced the highest grain yield when applied at panicle initiation stage of boro rice.
Adaptability study of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes for their agronomic performance and nutritive value in Adola district of East Guji zone of Oromia
Authors: Jabessa T. , Amare Z. , Dejene G.
Published: August 2021

The study was conducted to identify adaptable, high biomass and seed yield of Cowpea genotypes. Three Cowpea genotypes Bole, 6786 and 2351 were tested in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The result revealed that days to 50% flowering, days to seed maturity, plant height and seed yield was significantly (P<0.05) different among treatments. Among the tested genotypes late matured was obtained from genotype 6786 (131) days while late genotype was obtained from 2351 (113 days). The highest value of plant height was measured from genotype 6786 (132.8 cm), whereas the short plant height was obtained from genotype 2351 (64.8 cm). The highest seed yield was produced from Bole genotype (24.18 qt/ha), whereas the lowest seed yield was obtained from genotype 6786 (6.8 qt/ha). Chemical composition indicated genotype 2351 was the highest in total ash (TASH) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) whereas less in crude protein (CP) genotype 6786 was the highest in crude protein (CP) while Bole variety had the highest in dry matter (DM), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and organic matter (OM). This study implied that 6786 genotypes were well adapted and productive regarding the plant height (131.8 cm) and biomass yield (4.4 t/ha), which is hopeful to fill the low quantity ruminant feed gap. Besides, the nutritional values were promising, particularly the crude protein (CP) in 6786 genotypes. Thus it could be possible to conclude that cowpea genotype, especially 6786 used as a protein supplement. Based on its adaptability, high biomass, plant height, good CP content 6786 genotype is recommended for further promotion in the midland of East Guji zone and similar agro-ecologies.
Um olhar sobre passagens
Authors: Cruz Inácio Manoel Neves Frade da , Cruz Luisa Souza Neves Frade da , Cruz Helena Souza Neves Frade da , Soares Lucas
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo vai ao encontro de uma reflexão sobre algumas pontes e pontilhões de madeira, em estado de precariedade, nas estradas vicinais dos distritos de Cataguases (MG). Nesta pesquisa, percorreu-se as vias de acesso às comunidades de Sereno, Glória de Cataguases e Cataguarino. Ao longo do trajeto, observou-se uma abundante presença do bambu na paisagem rural, inclusive, nas proximidades das pontes e pontilhões. Enquanto material não convencional de alta leveza e resistência, o bambu pode ganhar outros significados e valores para os moradores locais. Pautado por uma percepção multidisciplinar, evidencia-se possibilidades de aplicação do bambu para a (re)construção de edificações que ligam os indivíduos a suas realidades socioespaciais.
MANAGEMENT OF GESTASIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN A BETA MAJOR THALASSEMIA PATIENT
Authors: Fonda Troy , Novida Hermina
Published: August 2021

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycemic condition that is first discovered during pregnancy. GDM is a high-risk condition during pregnancy, for both mother and fetus. GDM affects about 1–14% of pregnancies. In the last 20 years, the incidence of gestational diabetes has been increasing. High iron load and disorders of iron metabolism have been associated with glucose metabolism. The beta thalassemias are a group of hereditary hemoglobinopathies. Treatment for beta thalassemias patients is transfusion, but intensive transfusion can aggravate iron overload in patients. In this study, a case of GDM in a pregnant woman with beta-thalassemia was reported.
Review of CT perfusion and current applications in posterior circulation stroke
Authors: Edwards Leon S. , Cappelen-Smith Cecilia , Cordato Dennis , Bivard Andrew , Churilov Leonid , Parsons Mark W.
Published: August 2021

Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Treatment efficacy is highly time-dependent. Approximately 20% of acute ischaemic stroke occurs in the posterior circulation. Clinical presentation of posterior circulation stroke is subtle. Diagnosis is often delayed and frequently missed. CT perfusion has improved diagnostic accuracy and been integral to guiding acute therapy in patients with anterior circulation stroke. There are limited studies assessing the role of CT perfusion in posterior circulation stroke. This review provides a reference for interpretation of CT perfusion and summarises current evidence relating to applications in acute posterior circulation stroke.
Rancang bangun sistem pendeteksi pergeseran bantalan jembatan berbasis resistor variabel
Authors: Findiatmaja Kurniawan , Hartono Hartono , Aziz Abdullah Nur
Published: August 2021

Rancang bangun sistem pendeteksi pergeseran bantalan jembatan dibuat memanfaatkan sensor resistor variabel dengan roda gigi dan rel sebagai sistem mekaniknya. Resistor variabel dirangkai pada rangkaian pembagi tegangan agar nilai keluaran sensor berupa nilai tegangan sehingga dapat terbaca oleh Arduino. Hasil pengukuran ditampilkan pada LCD. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah model sistem pendeteksi pergeseran bantalan jembatan menggunakan sensor resistor variabel dengan jangkauan pergeseran dari 0 mm hingga 30 mm. Sistem telah melewati dua tahap pengujian. Pertama, pengujian karakteristik sensor dengan membandingkan hasil pengukuran sensor dengan hasil pada mistar. Sistem memiliki karakteristik yang baik dengan akurasi rata-rata sebesar 98,50%, presisi rata-rata sebesar 99,27% dan error rata-rata sebesar 1,50%. Kedua, pengujian logika sistem ketika sensor mendeteksi pergeseran melebihi 24 mm dan mengaktifkan buzzer. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membuat sistem berada pada kondisi tidak aman yaitu melebihi batas 24 mm. Sistem dapat mendeteksi pergeseran dan dapat mengaktifkan buzzer ketika pergeseran yang terbaca telah melampaui batas yaitu 24 mm.
Allometric model to estimate biomass and carbon of seedling in Pangarengan mangrove forest, Cirebon, West Java
Authors:   Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Mulyana Budi , Purwanto Ris Hadi ,   Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Intan Sari Puspita ,   Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Atika Marpaung Afni ,   Progam Studi Magister Biologi, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Faqih Hidayatullah Muhamad ,   Progam Studi Magister Penginderaan Jauh, Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Satria Raditya Putra Ilham ,   PT. Cirebon Electric Power, Jl. Raya Cirebon-Tegal Km 8,5, Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Dwika Putra Agik ,   PT. Cirebon Electric Power, Jl. Raya Cirebon-Tegal Km 8,5, Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Reorita Rina ,   Jurusan Matematika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Published: August 2021

Ekosistem mangrove di Desa Pangarengan, Kabupaten Cirebon memberikan manfaat jasa lingkungan, diantaranya sebagai penjerap dan penyimpan karbon. Umumnya, pendugaan simpanan karbon hutan mangrove menggunakan persamaan alometrik. Namun demikian, persamaan alometrik yang tersedia saat ini masih disusun dari tahapan pertumbuhan pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyusun model alometrik untuk semai di hutan mangrove. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2021 di hutan mangrove Desa Pangarengan, Kabupaten Cirebon. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kaliper, pita ukur, timbangan digital, dan gunting tanaman. Bahan penelitian berupa semai mangrove jenis Rhizophora mucronata, Avicennia marina, dan Sonneratia caseolaris sebanyak 25 sampel. Model alometrik terbaik dalam menduga biomassa berat kering dengan prediktor diameter pangkal adalah Y = 35,013 Dp1,860 (R2 adj = 0,873; SEE = 0,472) dengan menggunakan prediktor diameter ujung adalah Y = 249,573 Du2,276 (R2 adj = 0,524; SEE = 0,710), sedangkan alometrik penduga kandungan karbon semai adalah Y = 5,835 Dp1,804 (R2 adj = 0,831; SEE = 0,528) dan Y = 35,750 Du2,107 (R2 adj = 0,607; SEE = 0,805). Model alometrik power dengan prediktor diameter pangkal cukup baik dalam menduga biomassa berat kering dan kandungan karbon semai di hutan mangrove Desa Pangarengan. Kata kunci: akuntansi karbon, mitigasi, iklim, regresi
Syndemics of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in N. gonorrhoeae, E. coli and K. pneumoniae: A Global Ecological Analysis
Authors: Kenyon Chris
Published: August 2021

It is unclear how important it is to reduce fluoroquinolone consumption in the general population to prevent the spread of fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (bystander selection). Methods We assessed bystander selection by using Spearman’s correlation to assess if the country-level prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in N. gonorrhoeae was correlated with the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in four other gram-negative species - Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results Fluoroquinolone resistance in N. gonorrhoeae was positively associated with homologous resistance in all 4 species - A. baumanii. (ρ=0.61, P=0.0003, E. coli (ρ=0.67, P<0.0001), K. pneumoniae (ρ=0.52, P=0.0004) and P. aeruginosa (ρ=0.40, P=0.0206). Positive associations were also found between the national prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance and fluoroquinolone consumption in the general population in the preceding year for 4 of the 5 species. Conclusions Gonococcal fluoroquinolone resistance can be productively viewed as being part of a syndemic of fluoroquinolone resistance. Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship programs may help retard the spread of fluoroquinolone resistance in N. gonorrhoeae.
Algılanan Aşırı Niteliklilik: Kavramsal Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KIR Ayşe , AKÇAKANAT Tahsin
Published: August 2021

Bireylerin iş gereklerinden daha fazla niteliklere sahip oldukları yönündeki bireysel algılarını ifade eden ve çok boyutlu bir kavram olarak ele alınan algılanan aşırı niteliklilik, son yıllarda ilgi duyulan ve çeşitli değişkenlerle ilişkisi araştırılan önemli konular arasında bulunmaktadır. İş görenlerin aşırı nitelikliliğe ilişkin algıları çok sayıda faktörlere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve bu durum iş görenlerde bazı davranış ve tutumlara neden olmaktadır. Aşırı niteliklilik bireylerde çeşitli sağlık sorunlarını da beraberinde getiren dolayısıyla hem bireyler hem de örgütler açısından üzerinde önemle durulması gereken bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle, aşırı niteliklilik algısının dayandığı kuramsal temeller, aşırı niteliklilik algısının öncülleri ve sonuçları açıklanmış daha sonra da ulusal yazın taraması kapsamında ele alınan bazı çalışmalara ilişkin değerlendirmelere yer verilmiş ve çalışma kapsamında bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Rusya-Türkiye İşbirliği Bağlamında “Astana Görüşmeleri”
Authors: NECİYEV Elçin
Published: August 2021

1990 yılından bugüne kadar hem ABD hem de müttefiklerinin Irak ve Suriye’de izledikleri politika; ulus devletleri yıpratarak etkisiz hale getirmek ve etnisite ile mezhebe dayalı olarak bölgeyi yeniden yapılandırmak olmuştur. Bunu yaparken de kendi stratejileri çerçevesinde iktidarlar oluşturmayı ve bölgede kalıcı olmayı hedeflemişlerdir. Nitekim bu şekilde bölgede yıllardan beri kalıcı olmuşlardır ve olmaya devam etmektedirler. Ancak söz konusu politika Irak’ta başarılı olmuşsa da Suriye’de başarısızlığa uğramıştır. Çünkü Suriye’de durum farklılık arz etmiştir. Rusya, Türkiye ve İran birlikte hareket etmek konusunda fikir birliğine varmıştı. Bu fikir birliği özelikle Türkiye açısından oldukça önemliydi. Zira Türkiye, Suriye’de uygulanmak istenen politikanın kendisinin bölgede etkisiz hale getirilmesine yönelik olduğunu çok iyi anlamıştı. Bu nedenle, Irak’takinden farklı olarak hemen harekete geçmiş ve “Fırat Kalkanı Harekâtı” ile soruna bizzat müdahale etmiştir. Türkiye’nin bu tutumu Rusya ve İran cephesinde de karşılık bulmuştur. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin önünde Cenevre Görüşmeleri çıkmazı da vardı. Bundan dolayı bu görüşmelerden farklı olarak Astana’da Türkiye ve Rusya’nın öncülüğünde bir toplantı yapılması kararlaştırılmıştır. Biz bu makalede genel olarak Astana Görüşmeleri’ne giden yol, bu yola girilmeden önce Cenevre Görüşmeleri’nden ortaya çıkan anlaşmazlıklar ve bu anlaşmazlıkların sebep-sonuçları üzerinde durmaya çalışacağız.
The Response of Vegetated Dunes to Wave Attack
Authors: Bryant Duncan , Bryant Mary , Sharp Jeremy , Bell Gary , Moore Christine
Published: August 2021

Vegetation is believed to increase the stability of dunes during wave attack, but limited data is available. A physical model study was performed to evaluate changes in the dune stability with and without biomass, both above and belowground. The above and belowground biomass was modeled using wooden dowels and coir fibers, respectively. For both the collision and overwash storm impact regimes, the results of this study clearly demonstrate that the inclusion of biomass in the model dune reduces the erosion and overwash. The combination of both above and belowground biomass was the most effective at reducing erosion followed by belowground biomass, with aboveground biomass providing the smallest benefit regardless of the wave condition and water level. Additionally, the overwash of sediment and water was decreased with the inclusion of biomass, following the same trends as the erosion. As the dune eroded, the storm impact regime transitioned from collision to overwash. The inclusion of biomass delays this transition in storm impact regime, providing greater protection to coastal communities. This study highlights the need to consider dune vegetation for dune construction and coastal planning.
Associations between health literacy and information-evaluation and decision-making skills in Japanese adults
Authors: Nakayama Kazuhiro , Yonekura Yuki , Danya Hitomi , Hagihara Kanako
Published: August 2021

Background
Health literacy in Japanese people is often low because people find it difficult to evaluate health information and make informed decisions. Clarifying the association between health literacy and the skills to evaluate information and make appropriate decisions (not necessarily limited to health information) would inform efforts to improve health literacy. Therefore, the study objectives were to investigate the following issues using a nationwide survey in Japan: 1) When obtaining information, to what extent do people appropriately evaluate whether the information is reliable, and when making decisions, to what extent do they seek out available options and compare pros and cons based on their own values? 2) How strongly are these skills associated with health literacy and demographic characteristics? 3) What opportunities are available to learn these skills?
Methods
An online questionnaire survey was conducted using a Japanese Internet research company; 3,914 valid responses were received. The measures comprised health literacy (European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire), five items on information evaluation, four items on the decision-making process, and items on the availability and location of learning opportunities. Pearson correlations were calculated to explore the association of health literacy with information-evaluation and decision-making skills. Multivariate analyses were also conducted using these factors as dependent variables.
Results
Less than half of respondents always or often evaluated information and engaged in the decision-making process. Health literacy was significantly correlated with information evaluation and the decision-making process (.26 and .30, respectively). More than 40% of respondents had no learning opportunities. Respondents who did have learning opportunities learned on their own, rather than at school or work, using sources such as the Internet and television.
Conclusions
Both information-evaluation and decision-making skills were associated with health literacy. However, these skills are not sufficiently widespread in Japan, because there are few opportunities to learn them. More research is needed to raise awareness of the importance of these skills for improving health literacy, and to provide appropriate learning opportunities. Additionally, an environment must be created in which all individuals can easily receive support at any time, so that they can make appropriate decisions based on reliable information.
Efficacy of Manual Acupuncture Versus Placebo Acupuncture for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Gad) in Perimenopause Women : Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Xin , Xie Xiaoyan , Li Yingjia , Li Meichen , Wang Yuting , Wang Nanbu , Liao Muxi , Zhuang Lixing
Published: August 2021

BackgroundGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common among perimenopause women. Drug treatment and cognitive behavioral therapy have their pros and cons. Acupuncture may be an effective treatment for GAD, but evidence is limited. The pathogenesis of GAD is not yet clear, but it is related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and its excretion, cortisol (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The object of this study is to assess the efficacy of manual acupuncture (MA) versus placebo acupuncture (PA) for perimenopause women with GAD. MethodsThis study is a single center, randomized, double blind clinical trial that will be conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. A total of 112 eligible GAD patients will be randomly assigned (1:1) to receive MA (n=56) or PA (n=56) three times per week for four weeks. The primary outcome measure will be the score of GAD-7. The secondary outcome measures will be the score of HAMA and PSQI, and the level of CORT and ACTH. The evaluation will execute at baseline, 2 weeks, the end of the treatment and a follow-up period. All main analyses will be carried out based on the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle. DiscussionThis study intends to conduct to compare the efficacy between MA and PA in the treatment of perimenopause woman with GAD, and to further study the mechanisms of effect. Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR2100046604. Registered on 22 May 2021. URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn.
Single-Incision Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial (SCAR Trial)
Authors: Kang Sung Il , Woo In Teak , Bae Sung Uk , Yang Chun-Seok
Published: August 2021

Background: Although single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) was introduced decades ago, it is still considered a difficult technique to perform compared to conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA). In addition, controversy about the benefits of SILA compared to CLA abounds and no definite criteria for choosing SILA over CLA in patients with appendicitis currently exist. Therefore, we have planned a multi-center randomized controlled trial to compare SILA with CLA in terms of cosmetic satisfaction and pain reduction. Methods: Patients diagnosed with appendicitis at the participating centers will be recruited and allocated into either a CLA or an SILA groups using a 1:1 randomization. Patients in the CLA group will receive a conventional 3-port laparoscopic appendectomy and patients in the SILA group will receive a laparoscopic appendectomy using a single-incision at the umbilicus. The primary trial endpoint is cosmetic satisfaction assessed using the Patients and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) at 6 weeks after surgery. Secondary trial endpoints include cosmetic satisfaction assessed via the Body Image Questionnaire, pain levels assessed via the Visual Analog Scale and International Pain Outcomes questionnaire, and the presence of postoperative complications. The target sample size of this superiority trial is 120 patients, as this will provide 80% power at the 2.5% level of significance to detect a 3-point difference in POSAS. Discussion: The results of this planned multi-center randomized controlled trial will provide substantive evidence to help surgeons choose when to use SILA over CLA in patients with appendicitis.Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), Registered on 21 May, 2020 (KCT0005048). https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=16171
Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility of the Ya'an-Linzhi Section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway based on Deep Learning
Authors: Shibao Wang , Zhuang Jianqi , Jiaqi Mu , Jia Zheng , Jiewei Zhan , Jie Wang , Yuting Fu
Published: August 2021

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one area with the most frequent landslide hazards due to its unique geology, topography, and climate conditions, posing severe threats to engineering construction and human settlements. The Sichuan-Tibet Railway that is currently under construction crosses the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; there are frequent landslide disasters along the line, which seriously threaten the construction of the railway. This paper applied two deep learning (DL) algorithms, the convolutional neural network (CNN) and deep neural network (DNN), to landslide susceptibility mapping of the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. A geospatial database was generated based on 587 landslide hazards determined by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) Stacking technology, field geological hazard surveys, and 18 landslide influencing factors were selected. The landslides were randomly divided into training data (70%) and validation data (30%) for the modeling training and testing. The Pearson correlation coefficient and information gain method were used to perform the correlation analysis and feature selection of 18 influencing factors. Both models were evaluated and compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and confusion matrix. The results show that better performance in both the training and testing phases was provided by the CNN algorithm (AUC = 0.88) compared to the DNN algorithm (AUC = 0.84). Slope, elevation, and rainfall are the main factors affecting the occurrence of landslides, and the high and very high landslide susceptibilities were primarily distributed in the Jinsha, Lancang, and Nujiang River Basins along the railway. The research results provide a scientific basis for the construction of the Ya'an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway within the region, as well as the disaster prevention and mitigation work during future safe operations.
Application of Two Level Count Regression Modeling on the Determinants of Fertility among Married Women in Ethiopia
Authors: Hussen Nuru Mohammed
Published: August 2021

Background: Fertility is the element of population dynamics that has a vital contribution towards changing population size and structure over time. The global population showed a major increment from time to time because of these dynamics, particularly in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. So this study targeted on the factors affecting fertility among married women in Ethiopia through the framework of multilevel count regression analysis using EDHS 2016 data.Methods: The sampling design for EDHS 2016 was a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design, where stratification was achieved by separating every region into urban and rural areas except the Addis Ababa region. Results: Among the random sample of 6141 women in the country, 27150 births were recorded based on EDHS 2016 report. The histograms showed that the data has a positively skewed distribution extremely picked at the beginning. Two- level negative binomial regression model was fitted to spot out the determinants of fertility among married women in Ethiopia because it has the smallest value for the fit statistics and the variance of the data was higher than its mean.Conclusion: Findings from the study revealed that contraception method used, residence, educational level of women, women’s age at first birth, and proceeding birth interval were the major predictors of fertility among married women in Ethiopia. Moreover, the estimates from the random effect result revealed that there is more fertility variation between the enumeration areas than within the enumeration areas. Application of standard models by ignoring this variation ought to embrace spurious results, then multilevel modeling is recommended for such types of hierarchical data.
Mycofabrication of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles Derived from Aspergillus Terreus FC36AY1 and its Potent Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Angiogenesis Activities
Authors: Vellingiri Manon Mani , Kennedy Mithu Ashwin John , Jeyasundar Parimala Gnana Soundari Arockiam , Sathiskumar Swamiappan , Priyadharshini Ulaganathan , Deepak Paramasivam , Liu Wen-chao , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan
Published: August 2021

The present study focused to synthesize the silver oxide nanoparticles (AgONPs) from endophytic fungus, as the strain eventually possess the medicinal property acquired from the medicinal tree, Aegle marmelos. About 35 pigmented endophytic fungi were isolated, screened for antagonistic activity against 12 clinical human pathogens and antioxidant activity through DPPH radical scavenging assay; among the isolates, FC36AY1 explored the highest activity. The endophytic fungus was identified as Aspergillus terreus FC36AY1 through microscopic and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) 1, ITS 4 and 18S rRNA amplification. The AgONPs were synthesized from the strain FC36AY1 and characterized for its confirmation, functional groups, nanostructures with unit cell dimensions, size and shape, presence of elements through UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopic with EDX analysis. The myco-generated AgONPs manifested their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties with maximum activity at minimum concentration. Moreover, the inhibition of angiogenesis by the AgONPs in Hen’s Egg Test on the Chorio-Allantoic Membrane analysis evinced significant bioactivity at least concentration. Thus the results of this investigation revealed that this bioactive fungal mediated AgONPs can be exploited as potential in biomedical applications.
Association of Cognitive Impairment With Migrant Status Among Older Adults in India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Srivast Shobhit , Singh Ruchi , Mishra Prem Shankar , Aditya Alok
Published: August 2021

Introduction Among various health implications for older adult, cognitive impairment and related dementias are significant public health concern in many low and middle income countries, including India and lack due attention in policy arena. Socio-economic and health vulnerability are associated with cognitive impairment among older adults. Therefore the present study explores the prevalence and determinants of cognitive impairment among older adults in India with special reference to migrant status of older adults. MethodsData for this study was utilized from recent release of Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 2017-19. The LASI is a nationally representative survey over 72000 older adults age 45 and above across all states and union territories of India. The present study is conducted on the eligible respondent’s age 60 years and above. The total sample size for the present study is 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above (Male-15,068; Female-16,366). Descriptive and logistic regression analysis carried to fulfil the objective of the study. ResultsOverall, the prevalence of cognitive impairment among male older adults was 6.4% and female older adults 19.8%. Non-migrant status (6.8%) was more likely to face cognitive impairment than migrant status (5.7%) among older adults. The high prevalence of cognitive impairment were found with increasing socio-economic, demographic and multi-morbidities among older adults. Older adults (male 6.7% vs. female 20.2%) with no social participation were more likely to be face cognitive impairment. The result of logistic regression of our study is supported the bivariate analysis. Older adults with migrant status were more likely to be suffered from the cognitive impairment with unadjusted [UOR; 1.57, CI: 1.45-1.70] & after adjusting with covariates [AOR; 1.14, CI: 1.03-1.26] as compared to non-migrant status. Among the individual factors, odds of impairment was very high for the oldest-older adults age group [AOR: 2.95, CI: 2.59-3.36] as compared to young-older adults and further, female older adults were more likelihood to be cognitive impairment [AOR: 1.99, CI: 1.77-2.24] than their counterparts. Similar findings were also found with socio-economic and health vulnerability among older adults.Conclusion The study demonstrates that female older adults need more care and support from community and government as they face higher cognitive impairment. Further, the results significantly varied across different socio-economically, demographically, regionally in cognitive impairment and those who were suffering with co-morbidities. Comprehensive primary health care with community health approach may improve the health status of older adults in later period of life.
Synthesis and Characterization of Epoxidized Silkworm Pupae Oil and Its Application as Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Ji Yingrui , Xu Long , Xu Qingqing , Liu Xuan , Lin Sen , Liao Sentai , Wang weifei , Lan Dongming
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to prepare epoxidized silkworm pupae oil (ESPO) and investigate their effects on the thermal stability and plasticization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films. A chemo-enzymatic method of ESPO was developed in the presence of Lipase SMG1-F278N and H2O2 in natural deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Lipase SMG1-F278N could initiate the epoxidation reaction effectively at room temperature with a negligible loss of activities 10 batches. A maximum oxirane value of 6.94% was obtained. The formation of oxirane ring in ESPO was confirmed by FT-IR and 13C NMR spectra. Moreover, ESPO showed a better thermal stability and lower freezing point than epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). It was demonstrated that ESPO had a good frost resistance. In addition, ESPO showed a significantly improved plasticizing effect on flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Compared with ESO, ESPO could increase the tensile elongation at break effectively. A significantly lower migration rate of plasticizer was observed in PVC plasticized with ESPO.
Effect of Noni on memory impairment induced by hydrocortisone in mice
Authors: ZHANG RUI , LIU JINLIAN , HOU XINJUAN , ZHAO FAN , WANG CHANDI , ZHU YINGLI , DENG SHIXIN , TANG RUYING , DI SONGRUI , YU SHUHUI , WANG CHUN , ZHANG JIANJUN
Published: August 2021

Background
Oxidative stress and memory impairment have been implicated, a common functional brain disease. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is highly induced in oxidative stress, indicating that Nrf2 is an emerging target of memory therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Noni on brain memory impairment induced by hydrocortisone and its protection mechanism in mice.
Methods
Male Kuming mice were (n = 8/group) given hydrocortisone by gastric gavage for 14 consecutive days to establish the memory impairment model except for those in the control group. At the same day, the corresponding drugs were given by gastric gavage. The changes in ethology were examined. Brains were extracted and subjected to western blot analysis and biochemical analyses to assess the activities of oxidative stress.
Results
The middle and high-dose Noni groups ameliorated the ethology and the high-dose Noni group increased cerebral protein expressions of Nrf2, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as compared to the model group. The arrangement of CA3 vertebral cells in hippocampus of mice was slightly compact and hyperchromatic and pyknosis were alleviated. Furthermore, the biochemical analyses showed the activities of related enzymes of oxidative stress in high-dose Noni group were increased.
Conclusions
Noni might be a powerful antioxidant that can protect nerve cell and may possess as a potential benefit for the treatment of memory impairment.
Factors Influencing the Improvement of Activities of Daily Living During Inpatient Rehabilitation in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Natsume Keisuke , Sakakima Harutoshi , Kawamura Kentaro , Yoshida Akira , Akihiro Shintaro , Yonezawa Hajime , Yoshimoto Koji , Shimodozono Megumi
Published: August 2021

Purpose

To identify pre-, intra-, and postoperative factors influencing the improvement of the activities of daily living (ADL) in newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma (GBM), we investigated the characteristics and variable factors and overall survival.
Methods

A total of 105 patients with GBM were retrospectively analyzed and categorized into three groups according to the quartile of change of Barthel index score from admission to discharge: deterioration (n = 25), no remarkable change (n = 55), and good recovery (n = 25). We compared with the characteristics, variable factors, and overall survival of patients with deterioration and good recovery after tumor resection.
Results

There was statistically different in the pre-, intra-, and post-operative factors between the groups. Multiple regression analysis identified four significant predictor variables that may influence the improvement of ADL after surgery: the improvement of motor paralysis after surgery, mild fatigue during chemoradiotherapy, poor Karnofsky performance status at admission, and length up to early walking training onset. The median overall survival was significantly different between the patients with deterioration (10.6 months, 95% CIs, 5.19–16.00) and good recovery (18.9 months, 95% CIs, 8.61–29.18) (p = 0.025).
Conclusion

This study identified four factors influencing the improvement of ADL after surgery. In addition, a structured inpatient rehabilitation programs can be performed safely and improve functional outcomes, which may contribute to the survival prognosis.
Research on Stability of Robotic Longitudinal-Torsional Ultrasonic Milling With Variable Cutting Force Coefficient
Authors: Zhang Jianlong , Zhao Wei , Li Bo , Tian Wei , Zheng Kan , Liao Wenhe
Published: August 2021

With their successful applications in handling, spraying, arc welding and other processing fields, industrial robots are gradually replacing traditional CNC machine tools to complete machining tasks due to the wider working envelope and the higher flexibility. Aiming at the chatter problem, a robotic longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic milling method with variable force coefficient is proposed in this paper. Taking Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) as the processing object, the influence of the fiber layup angle on the milling force are analyzed first; then the robot milling force parameters are determined and the robot milling kinematics model is established. Furthermore, the ultrasonic function angle is defined, and the cutting layer thickness model, the dynamic milling force model and the dynamic differential equation under ultrasonic vibration are established to analyze the stability of robotic longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic milling of CFRP. Finally, the full discrete method is used to obtain stability lobe diagrams.