bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Attenuation of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors (SHARC) Using Functional Electrical Stimulation-Lower Extremity Cycling in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury. Study Protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Gorgey Ashraf , Khalil Refka E , Davis John C , Carter William , Gill Ranjodh , Rivers Jeannie , Khan Rehan , Goetz Lance , Castillo Teodoro , Lavis Timothy , Sima Adam , Lesnefsky Edward , Cardozo Christopher , Adler Robert A
Published: July 2019

Background
Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at heightened risks of developing unfavorable cardiometabolic consequences due to physical inactivity. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) and surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)-resistance training (RT) have emerged as effective rehabilitation methods that can exercise muscles below the level of injury and attenuate cardio-metabolic risk factors. Our aims are to determine the impact of 12 weeks of NMES+12 weeks of FES-Lower extremity cycling (LEC) compared to 12 weeks of passive movement+12 weeks of FES-LEC on 1) oxygen uptake (VO2), insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal in adults with SCI; 2) skeletal muscle size, intramuscular fat (IMF) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and; 3) protein expression of energy metabolism, protein molecules involved in insulin signaling, muscle hypertrophy and oxygen uptake and electron transport chain (ETC) activities.
Methods/Design
Forty-eight persons aged 18-65 years with chronic (> 1 year) SCI/D (AIS A-C) at the C5-L2 levels, equally sub-grouped by cervical or sub-cervical injury levels and time since injury, will be randomized into either NMES+FES group or Passive+FES (control group). The NMES+FES group will undergo 12 weeks of evoked RT using twice-weekly NMES and ankle weights followed by twice-weekly of progressive FES-LEC for an additional 12 weeks. The control group will undergo 12 weeks of passive movement followed by 12 weeks of progressive FES-LEC. Measurements will be performed at baseline (B; week 0), post-intervention 1 (P1; week 13) and post-intervention 2 (P2; week 25) and will include VO2 measurements, insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness using intravenous glucose tolerance test; magnetic resonance imaging to measure muscle, IMF and VAT areas; muscle biopsy to measure protein expression and intracellular signaling as well as mitochondrial ETC function.
Discussion
Training through NMES+RT may evoke muscle hypertrophy and positively impact oxygen uptake, insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness. This may result in beneficial outcomes on metabolic activity, body composition profile, mitochondrial ETC and intracellular signaling related to insulin action and muscle hypertrophy. In the future, NMES-RT may be added to FES-LEC to improve the workloads achieved in the rehabilitation of persons with SCI and further decrease muscle wasting and cardio-metabolic risks.
Contributions of Vitamin D in the management of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Porto Catarina Magalhaes , Silva Tatiana de Paula Santana da , Sougey Everton Botelho
Published: July 2019

Background: Depression is a major cause of chronic disability throughout the world and an important cardiovascular risk factor, increasing the relative risk of coronary artery disease as well as rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Concomitant to the greater prevalence of depression, there has been a reduction in exposure to sunlight with the increase in urbanization and the use of sun block, which has led to a reduction in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Therefore, this paper describes a protocol for a clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and cardiovascular risk factors to contribute evidence regarding the potential influence of supplementation in situations related to mood regulation.
Methods: This protocol study was guided by the SPIRIT recommendations. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial will be conducted with 224 adults (age range: 18 to 59 years) with depression taking antidepressants with no history of vitamin D supplementation, psychiatric comorbidities, chronic kidney disease, hypercalcemia or neoplasm in care at psychiatric outpatient clinics of two universities in northeast Brazil. Eligible participants who provided written consent will be randomly designated to either the intervention group (n = 112; vitamin D supplementation – 50,000 IU per week for six months) or control group (n = 112; placebo taken weekly for six months). Measures for monitoring depressive symptoms, clinical trials and laboratory tests for evaluating cardiovascular risk factors and serum vitamin D levels will be performed before and after the intervention period.
Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first clinical trial with the aim of testing the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on the reduction in cardiovascular risk and as an adjuvant to depression therapy for a prolonged period (six months). The findings will contribute to the understanding of the therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on the management of depression and can help guide public policies directed toward vitamin supplementation for the reduction of cardiovascular risk.
Trial registration: Proof: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/. Number: RBR-6yj8sj / UTN Number: U1111-1217-9237 (July 23, 2018)
Intensive Phase Treatment Outcome and Associated Factors among Patients Treated for Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Molie Teklu , Teklemariam Zelalem , Klinkenberg Eveline , Dessie Yadeta , Kumsa Andargachew , Mohammed Hussen , Debebe Adisalem , Assefa Dawit , Habte Abebe , Bedru Ahmed , Fiseha Daniel , Seyoum Berhanu
Published: July 2019

Background

Multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) is a strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to at least Rifampicin and Isoniazid drugs. The treatment success rate for MDRTB cases is lower than for drug susceptible TB. Monitoring the early treatment outcome and better understanding the specific reasons for early unfavorable treatment outcome are important to evaluate the effectiveness of tuberculosis control and preventing the emergence of extremely drug resistant tuberculosis. However, this information is scarce in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the intensive phase treatment outcome and factors contributing among patients treated for MDRTB in Ethiopia.

Methods

A 6 year (2009 to 2014) retrospective cohort record review was conducted in fourteen treatment initiating centers in Ethiopia. The records of 751 MDRTB patients were randomly selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a pre-tested and structured checklist. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression model was undertaken to identify the contributing factors.

Results

At the end of the intensive phase, 17.3% of MDRTB patients had an unfavorable treatment outcome while 16.8% had an unknown outcome with the rest having a favorable outcome. The median duration of the intensive phase was 9.0 months (IQR 8.04-10.54). Having an unfavorable intensive phase treatment outcome was found to be more common among older aged [ARRR= 1.047, 95% CI (1.024, 1.072)] and those without a history of hypokalemia [ARRR=0.512, 95% CI (0.280, 0.939)]. Having an unknown intensive phase treatment outcome was found to be more common among those treated under the ambulatory care model [ARRR=3.2, 95% CI (1.6, 6.2)], rural dwellers [ARRR= 0.370, 95% CI (0.199, 0.66)], those without a treatment supporter [ARRR=0.022, 95% CI (0.002, 0.231)], and those with resistance to a limited number of drugs.

Conclusion

We observed a higher than anticipated rate of unfavorable and unknown treatment outcomes in this study. To improve favorable treatment outcome more emphasis should be given to conducting all scheduled laboratory monitoring tests, assignment of trained treatment supporters and ensuring complete recording and reporting which could be enhanced by quarterly cohort review. Older aged and rural patients need special attention. Furthermore, the sample referral network should be strengthened.
Perioperative anaesthetic management of patients with or at risk of acute distress respiratory syndrome undergoing emergency surgery
Authors: Battaglini Denise , Robba Chiara , Rocco Patricia Rieken Macêdo , De Abreu Marcelo Gama , Pelosi Paolo , Ball Lorenzo
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Patients undergoing emergency surgery may present with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or develop this syndrome postoperatively. The incidence of ARDS in the postoperative period is relatively low, but the impact of ARDS on patient outcomes and healthcare costs is relevant [1].
The development of ARDS as a postoperative pulmonary complication (PPC) is associated with prolonged hospitalisation, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, increased intensive care unit length of stay and high morbidity and mortality [2]. In order to mitigate the risk of ARDS after surgery, the anaesthetic management and protective mechanical ventilation strategies play an important role. In particular, a careful integration of general anaesthesia with neuraxial or locoregional techniques might promote faster recovery and reduce opioid consumption. In addition, the use of low tidal volume, minimising plateau pressure and titrating a low-moderate PEEP level based on the patient’s need can improve outcome and reduce intraoperative adverse events. Moreover, perioperative management of ARDS patients includes specific anaesthesia and ventilator settings, hemodynamic monitoring, moderately restrictive fluid administration and pain control.
The aim of this review is to provide an overview and evidence- and opinion-based recommendations concerning the management of patients at risk of and with ARDS who undergo emergency surgical procedures.
Missense mutations in a transmembrane domain of the Komagataeibacter xylinus BcsA lead to changes in cellulose synthesis
Authors: Salgado Luis , Blank Silvia , Esfahani Reza Alipour Moghadam , Strap Janice L. , Bonetta Dario
Published: July 2019

Background

Cellulose is synthesized by an array of bacterial species. Komagataeibacter xylinus is the best characterized as it produces copious amounts of the polymer extracellularly. Despite many advances in the past decade, the mechanisms underlying cellulose biosynthesis are not completely understood. Elucidation of these mechanisms is essential for efficient cellulose production in industrial applications.

Results

In an effort to gain a better understanding of cellulose biosynthesis and its regulation, cellulose crystallization was investigated in K. xylinus mutants resistant to an inhibitor of cellulose I formation, pellicin. Through the use of forward genetics and site-directed mutagenesis, A449T and A449V mutations in the K. xylinus BcsA protein were found to be important for conferring high levels of pellicin resistance. Phenotypic analysis of the bcsAA449T and bcsAA449V cultures revealed that the mutations affect cellulose synthesis rates and that cellulose crystallinity is affected in wet pellicles but not dry ones.

Conclusions

A449 is located in a predicted transmembrane domain of the BcsA protein suggesting that the structure of the transmembrane domain influences cellulose crystallization either by affecting the translocation of the nascent glucan chain or by allosterically altering protein-protein interactions.
Mechanisms of Gene Rearrangement in 13 Bothids Based on Comparison with a Newly Completed Mitogenome of the Threespot Flounder, Grammatobothus polyophthalmus (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae)
Authors: Luo Hairong , Kong Xiaoyu , Chen Shixi , Shi Wei
Published: July 2019

Background:
The previously characterized mitogenomes of 12 teleost fish of the bothid family (order Pleuronectiformes) indicated that the genomic-scale rearrangements occurred in this teleost lineage. A novel mechanism of genomic rearrangement called the Dimer-Mitogenome and Non-Random Loss (DMNL) model was used to account for the rearrangement found in one of these bothids, Crossorhombus azureus.
Results:
The 18170 bp mitogenome of G. polyophthalmus contains 37 genes, two control regions (CRs), and the origin of replication of the L-strand (OL). This mitogenome is characterized by genomic-scale rearrangements: genes located on the L-strand are grouped in an 8-gene cluster (Q-A-C-Y-S1-ND6-E-P) that does not include tRNA-N; genes found on the H-strand are grouped together (F-12S … CytB-T) except for tRNA-D that was translocated inside the 8-gene L-strand cluster. Compared to non-rearranged mitogenomes of teleost fishes, gene organization in the mitogenome of G. polyophthalmus and in that of the other 12 bothids characterized thus far is very similar. These rearrangements could be sorted into four types (Type I, II, III and IV), differing in the particular combination of the CR, tRNA-D gene and 8-gene cluster and the shuffling of tRNA-V. The DMNL model was used to account for all but one gene rearrangement found in all 13 bothid mitogenomes. Translocation of tRNA-D most likely occurred after the DMNL process in 10 bothid mitogenomes and could have occurred either before or after DMNL in the three other species. During the DMNL process, the tRNA-N gene was retained rather than the expected tRNA-N′ gene. tRNA-N appears to assist in or act as OL function when the OL secondary structure could not be formed from intergenic sequences. A striking finding was that each of the non-transcribed genes has degenerated to a shorter intergenic spacer during the DMNL process. These findings highlight a rare phenomenon in teleost fish.
Conclusions:
This result provides significant evidence to support the existence of dynamic dimeric mitogenomes and the DMNL model as the mechanism of gene rearrangement in bothid mitogenomes, which not only promotes the understanding of mitogenome structural diversity, but also sheds light on mechanisms of mitochondrial genome rearrangement and replication.
Quantitative study of selected Facebook marketing communication engagement factors in the optics of different post types
Authors: Nastišin Ľudovit , Fedorko Richard , Vavřečka Vladimir , Bačik Radovan , Rigelsky Martin
Published: July 2019

The objective of the research was to identify statistically significant differences in selected engagement indicators on Facebook – likes and shares in relation to the different types of content that brands on this platform add to. The analysis was performed on a sample of three global companies from the top 25 most valuable brands in the world and their posts. Using quantitative statistical methods – MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) and Gammes-Howell post hoc test, a total of 1,280 brand posts were analyzed in order to differentiate the liking and sharing of content types. Data collection was carried out in the first half of 2018. The findings pointed to two statistically significant differences that were also interpreted in the discussion of the research. The findings have shown that in case of liking, in two cases out of three, there is a statistically significant difference in terms of the type of content added, when photos came out as those with the greatest potential to get like from Facebook users and fans. At the same time, the same finding appeared in the case of sharing, which is an even stronger form of engagement. Likewise, photos were shown to be the most promising in terms of potential content sharing by Facebook users and fans. The study provided some clues as to where this research should go further and explore the relationship more deeply in view of the more extensive quantitative research, and also the potential qualitative approach. The future research directions include analyzing companies of different types and sizes and also taking into account the contribution from other social networks with the same or similar engagement indicators.
Óvodások IKT-használata otthon – szülői minta és szerepvállalás
Authors: Hódi Ágnes , Tóth Edit , B. Németh Mária , Fáyné Dombi Alice
Published: July 2019

Az IKT-eszközök térnyerésével párhuzamosan megnövekedett az infokommunikációs technológiák használatát és azok különböző területekre gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálatát középpontba helyező kutatások száma. E kutatások mintáit leginkább az iskoláskorúak és az annál idősebbek alkották, az óvodáskorúakra vonatkozóan alig vannak információink, a hazai óvodáskorúak és szüleik eszközhasználatáról nagymintás vizsgálatból származó aktuális adatok nem állnak rendelkezésre. Ez motivált bennünket arra, hogy egy kérdőíves vizsgálat keretében adatokat gyűjtsünk arra vonatkozóan, hogy az óvodáskorú gyermekek milyen IKT-eszközöket használnak, milyen rendszerességgel, mennyi ideig, illetve milyen szülői kontrollal teszik azt. Továbbá arra is kíváncsiak voltunk, hogy a szülő iskolai végzettségével reprezentált családi háttér milyen kapcsolatot mutat a gyermekek IKT-használatával. Eredményeink megmutatták, hogy a vizsgált óvodáskorú gyermekek döntő többsége technologizált háztartásban nő fel, és egy részük maga is rendelkezik IKT-eszközzel. Ebben a korosztályban még nem jellemző a napi szintű eszközhasználat, azonban a szülők válaszai rámutattak arra, hogy a fogyasztott tartalmak igen széles skálán mozognak. A szülők válaszai leképezik az évek óta tartó vitát az eszközök vélt vagy valós, jótékony vagy káros hatásáról, hiszen a vizsgált gyermekek egy része egyáltalán nem használ IKT-eszközt, annak ellenére, hogy azokból legalább egy darab van minden háztartásban. Adataink megmutatták, hogy a gyermek eszközhasználatának engedélyezése, illetve annak időtartama, gyakorisága nem, azonban a szülői kontroll kapcsolatot mutat a szülő iskolai végzettségével. Eredményeink alátámasztják a szülői minta szerepét is, hiszen a gyermek IKT-használatának mértéke összefügg a szülő eszközhasználatának mértékével.
Level of Certain Oxidants and Antioxidants in Patients with Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Cetinkaya Kadir , Aribal Ayral Pelin , Cetinkaya Semra , Yazihan Nuray , Fadiloglu Seyma , Atasever Melahat , Erel Ozcan
Published: July 2019

Objective: The mechanism of the leiomyoma formation process is still unknown. However, the menstrual cycle is associated with hypoxia, and ongoing hypoxia is associated with cellular events leading to the conversion of myometrial cells into uterine fibroids. After the hypoxic environment, the balance of cellular cytokines and growth factors changes. It was planned to evaluate the balance of oxidative agents and the role of oxidative stress in the formation of uterine fibroids.Study Design: The study was conducted in patients of gynecology outpatient clinic of Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital. Those volunteers with fibroids formed the study group, and the healthy ones were identified as the control group. A total of 64 subjects, 32 in both groups were included. The levels of catalase, ceruloplasmin, myeloperoxidase, native thiol, disulfide, and total thiol levels were investigated in groups.Results: Antioxidant parameters such as native thiol, disulfide, and total thiol levels were significantly decreased in uterine fibroid group. Catalase, ceruloplasmin, and myeloperoxidase levels were not statistically different between groups.Conclusion: Decrease in these antioxidant parameters showed that the hypoxia and the balance of oxidant and antioxidant substances changes may probably have associated with the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids.
Psychometric properties of the revised two-factor study process questionnaire r-spq-2f - spanish version
Authors: Vergara-Hernández Clara , Simancas-Pallares Miguel , Carbonell-Muñoz Zoila
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research was to determine the psychometric properties (construct validity and internal consistency) of The Revised Two-Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) in health sciences students from Cartagena, Colombia. Validation study without a standard criterion in 857 health sciences students whom answered the R-SPQ-2F. The number of factors that explained the construct was determined using exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis determined construct validity and Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency. R-SQP-2F showed a mean value 66.01±12.3 with minimum 36 and maximum 99. EFA showed a two-factor solution that accounted for the 42.5% of the total variance. However, CFA showed the following fit indexes: χ2=962.783; df=166; RMSEA=0.075 (90% CI %: 0.070-0.079); CFI=0.883; TLI=0.866. R-SPQ-2F is a scale with acceptable internal consistency and two-factor structure with questionable construct validity. However, it shows practical utility on higher education learning strategies related-research. Researchers need additional studies about its psychometric properties in the future.
Effect of role overload, budget participation, environmental uncertainty, organizational culture, competence, and compensation on employee performance
Authors: Prihantari Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Dewi , Astika Ida Bagus Putra
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of role overload, budgetary participation, environmental uncertainty, organizational culture, competence, and compensation on employee performance. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Tatamulia Nusantara Indah. The method of determining the sample used in this study is the saturated sample method. Saturated sample method is a sampling technique if all members of the population are used as samples so that the number of respondents in this study is 90 respondents. The data used in the form of primary data using a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that role overload negatively affected employee performance, budgeting participation had a positive effect on employee performance, environmental uncertainty had a negative effect on employee performance, organizational culture had a positive effect on employee performance, competency had a positive effect on employee performance, and compensation had a positive effect on employee performance at PT. Tatamulia Nusantara Indah.
Introducción del Editor
Authors: Perrotini Hernández Ignacio
Published: July 2019

La búsqueda y elaboración de reglas monetarias racionales con el propósito de conseguir los objetivos de estabilidad macroeconómica es de larga data, y se remonta por lo menos a los orígenes de la ciencia económica. Adam Smith afirma en su Riqueza de las Naciones que "el papel moneda bien regulado (puede sustituir  a la circulación de metales) no sólo sin nigún inconveniente, sino, en algunos casos, con algunas ventajas". Con el fin de conseguir la estabilidad macroeconómica, Nueva Zelanda adoptó un modelo de objetivo de inflación (OI) como marco de política monetaria en 1990. Desde entonces, un número creciente de países industrializados, emergentes y en desarrollo han abrazado este nuevo régimen cuyo objetivo de política prístino es alcanzar y mantener tasas de inflación bajas y estables.
Valuación de opciones sobre índices bursátiles y determinación de la estructura de plazos de la tasa de interés en un modelo de equilibrio general
Authors: Ángeles Castro Gerardo , Venegas Martínez Francisco
Published: July 2019

Mucho se ha aprendido en los últimos años sobre el uso (para cobertura) y el abuso (para especulación) de los productos derivados financieros, sobre todo de los que tienen como subyacentes índices bursátiles, pero mucho queda todavía por aprender sobre sus efectos en las economías en los ámbitos local y global. Evidentemente, los mercados de derivados no originaron la crisis de 2008, sólo la exacerbaron al generar una burbuja especulativa. El origen de la crisis se debe ubicar en la recesión estadounidense y el impacto de ésta, en un entorno de globalización, sobre el resto de la economía mundial. De la misma manera, la reacción que tuvieron los mercados de instrumentos de deuda ante la crisis financiera de finales de 2008 y principios de 2009 poco tuvo que ver con la predicción, de muchos modelos económicos disponibles, sobre su comportamiento. Por todo esto es necesario contar con un modelo de equilibrio general que permita valuar derivados sobre índices bursátiles y determinar  de manera conjunta la estructura de plazos de la tasa de interés.
Determinantes económicos e institucionales del esfuerzo fiscal en América Latina
Authors: Martín-Mayorales Fernando , Uribe Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2019

Las administraciones tributarias de los países de América Latina han mostrado un desigual desempeño en la efectividad de sus políticas tributarias. Estas diferencias han sido atribuidas a factores macroeconómicos como el tamaño económico del país, su nivel de ingreso per cápita, su especialización productiva o la política comercial adoptada; a factores institucionales como la calidad de la administración, el cuestionamiento de la legitimidad de las instituciones públicas o la percepción sobre el nivel de corrupción; a factores sociales como el nivel de educación, el grado de urbanización o la tasa de natalidad; o bien a características particulares de los países como la existencia de ingresos públicos procedentes de recursos naturales, el grado de desarrollo del sistema financiero o la política de tipo de cambio adoptada.
The role of over-reaction and the disposition effect in explaining momentum in Latin American emerging markets
Authors: Abinzano Isabel , Muga Luis , Santamaria Rafael
Published: July 2019

Medium-term continuation in stock returns, also known as ‘the momentum effect’, is an empirical pattern found almost universally across both the United States (US) market1 and others (see Rouwenhorst 1998, for various European markets; Chui et al. 2000, or Hameed and Kusnadi 2002, for some Asian Basin markets; Hon and Tonks 2003, for the United Kingdom; Glaser and Weber 2003, for the German market; Muga and Santamaria 2007a, for some Latin-American markets).
Los motores del crecimiento económico en la Argentina: rupturas y continuidades
Authors: Santarcángelo Juan E. , Fal Juan , Pinazo Germán
Published: July 2019

En los últimos treinta años, Argentina ha experimentado importantes transformaciones económicas que han impactado de modo diferente en su estructura productiva. Es así como el país pasó de ser considerado un ejemplo de cómo implementar transformaciones estructurales exitosas a principio de los años noventa, a sufrir la peor crisis económica de su historia al inicio del nuevo milenio. Luego de la devaluación monetaria y tras un breve periodo de transición, a mediados de 2003 asume la presidencia Néstor Kirchner, logrando durante todo su mandato tasas de crecimiento anual superiores a 8% que tuvieron importantes efectos tanto en el mercado de trabajo (caídas sostenidas en las tasas de desempleo y subempleo) como en la reducción en los niveles de pobreza.
LA POLÍTICA DE TASA DE INTERÉS INTERBANCARIA Y LA INFLACIÓN EN MÉXICO
Authors: Mántey Guadalupe
Published: July 2019

Este artículo investiga la conducción de la política monetaria en el régimen de metas de inflación en una economía donde no se cumple la paridad descubierta de tasas deinterés y existe un alto traspaso del tipo de cambio a la inflación. Con base en el nuevo marco teórico desarrollado por Bofinger y Wollmershaeuser (2001) y Frenkel (2007),y usando datos trimestrales de la economía mexicana de 1986.1 a 2010.2, se estima un modelo de vectores autorregresivos (VAR) para conocer la relación de causalidad entre el tipo de cambio y la tasa de interés; y un modelo dinámico de esta última variable, que pone de manifiesto su interacción con la intervención esterilizada en el mercado de cambios. Los resultados muestran que el tipo de cambio continúa siendo el ancla nominal de la economía.
LA LEY DE OKUN EN MÉXICO: UNA MIRADA DE GÉNERO, 2000.2-2011.1
Authors: Loría Eduardo , Libreros Catalina , Salas Emmanuel
Published: July 2019

Con base en la estimación del modelo de primeras diferencias de Okun (1962) demostramos empíricamente que existe un diferencial en el crecimiento del producto de México a partir del desempleo de mujeres y hombres, lo cual sugiere la existencia de productividades diferentes por sexo. Para ello estimamos un modelo de vectores autoregresivos irrestrictos (UVAR por sus siglas en inglés) con impulsos generalizados apoyado por una regresión lineal (2000.2-2011.1). También encontramos que el crecimiento económico reduce inmediatamente la tasa de desempleo masculino, mientras que la tasa de desempleo femenino tarda más tiempo en reaccionar. Por último, no encontramos efectos de desplazamiento del desempleo entre sexos lo cual sugiere que prevalecen las complementariedades en los mercados laborales.
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RATES OF INTEREST AND PROFIT? AN EMPIRICAL NOTE FOR THE U.S. ECONOMY, 1869-2009
Authors: Valle Baeza Alejandro , Mendieta Muñoz Ivan
Published: July 2019

The current paper aims to contribute to the study of the relation between the interest rate and the rate of profit by presenting an empirical analysis of the United States economy during the period of 1869 to 2009. The main findings rendered are: 1) the general rate of profit has set an upper limit for the real short-term and long-term interest rates; 2) the real long-term interest rate has undergone similar changes to those of the general rate of profit, whereas the real short-term interest rate has experienced movements opposite to the latter; and 3) evidence supports heterodox theories which stress that monetary policy affects the distribution of income through the modification of the rate of profit.
KEYNES’ INTERVENTIONIST-REFORMIST ECONOMIC POLICIES
Authors: Ferrari Filho Fernando , Bittes Terra Fábio Henrique
Published: July 2019

The article aims at presenting the modus operandi of Keynes’ economic policy –especially fiscal policy, which he reveals as the most important. For that purpose, the article is divided into four sections. First, it starts with a brief introduction. Secondly, it presents an analysis of the dynamic of monetary economies. The third section explores the importance of monetary and exchange rate policies in displaying macroeconomic policy, as well as it presents the Keynes fiscal policy as a counter-cyclical instrument. Lastly, the fourth section offers some final remarks.
CAPITAL STRUCTURES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE LATIN AMERICAN CASE
Authors: Espinosa M. Christian , Maquieira V. Carlos , Vieito João Paulo , González A. Marcelo
Published: July 2019

Rajan and Zingales (1995) find that tangibility, growth opportunity, size and performance are the four common determinants for explaining capital structure across G-7 countries. In this study, we consider a sample of 590 firms from Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Peru and the United States (U.S.), to analyze whether the four common determinants also explain the capital structure in the Latin American countries. Moreover, we use a different sample of companies and a large number of years for U.S. firms and we find similar results to those reported by Rajan and Zingales (1995) more than a decade ago.
As expected, we report similar results for Chilean firms as the updated results for U.S. firms. The capital structure of Chilean firms is: positively related to tangible assets; negatively related to growth opportunities; positively related to size and negatively related to performance. This is not only true for book leverage but also for market leverage. The rest of Latin American countries show mixed results. In any case, we find two or three determinants to be statistically significant. However, those determinants are not the same when we use book leverage versus market leverage.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Aker Solutions Batam
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Hazriyanto Hazriyanto
Published: July 2019

This study was to determine the relationship of job satisfaction and employee performance PT.Aker Solutions Batam. This study uses quantitative analysis linearity test, a test instrument using a questionnaire based on the test scores of responses. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Aker Solutions Batam, 293 people. 100 questionnaires as random sampling with a return of 100%. Descriptive analysis showed an average score of job satisfaction items ranging from 3:53 to 3.87 and overall job satisfaction variables were 3.77. Similarly, the results of descriptive analysis to an average score of employee performance items ranging from 3:48 to 3.87 overall and 3.65 employee performance. Analysis of the linearity is 0.029 and Job satisfaction is 4,883 with a probability of 0.029. While the value of F table 2.48, the F count> F table. Means there is a relationship between job satisfactions. Job satisfaction and employee performance proved the existence of the relationship of the analysis results obtained coefficient P is worth 0.369. To determine the level of significance of the coefficient β, to see the results of the t test showed t count equal to 4,307> t table 1.98 and 2.63.

 

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan PT.Aker Solutions Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif dengan uji linearitas, uji instrument kuesioner dengan menggunakan uji berdasarkan hasil skor jawaban responden. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan PT. Aker Solutions Batam berjumlah 293 orang. 100 kuesioner sebagai sampling random acak dengan kembali 100%. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan skor rata-rata item kepuasan kerja berkisar antara 3.53 hingga 3.87 dan secara keseluruhan variabel kepuasan kerja 3.77 berada pada kategori baik. Demikian pula dengan hasil analisis deskriptif untuk skor rata-rata item kinerja karyawan berkisar antara 3.48 hingga 3.87 dan secara keseluruhan variabel kinerja karyawan 3.65 berada pada kategori baik. Analisis linearitas adalah 0,029 dan F hitung Kepuasan kerja adalah 4,883 dengan probabilitas 0,029. Sedangkan nilai Ftable 2,48 maka F hitung > F table. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan adanya pengaruh Kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.Kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan terbukti adanya hubungan yakni dari hasil analisis didapat koefisien P adalah senilai 0,369. Untuk mengetahui tingkat signifikansi koefisien β, dengan melihat hasil uji t yakni menunjukan t hitung sebesar 4,307> t table 1,98 dan 2,63.
Potensi Produk UMKM Menjadi Produk Unggulan Daerah Kota Tanjungpinang
Authors: Hardiansyah Raja
Published: July 2019

Successful development in the economic field is the goal of the government in providing prosperity to the community. The various economic and trade transactions contained in Tanjungpinang City as the capital of the Riau Islands Province are very diverse and involve the whole community with a variety of ethnic, religious and cultural customs. Efforts in the field of SMEs is very strategic, given the growth of MSMEs in Tanjungpinang. And the development of the potential of MSMEs in urban communities that tend to spread in types and areas that are not planned. Methods in this study, as much as possible combine approaches that are quantitative and qualitative. The data analysis technique used is LQ (Location Quotient) analysis. Based on LQ analysis it is seen that there are many leading commodities of agriculture sector. These commodities are corn, spinach and mustard greens, papaya and jackfruit, cow, goat, chicken, fishery and its products. As for the industrial sector, there are commodities such as trade, hotels and restaurants, building, transportation and supporting, accommodation and accommodation, mining, banking, cooperatives

Kesuksesan pembangunan dibidang ekonomi merupakan tujuan pemerintah dalam memberikan kesejahteraan terhadap masyarakatnya. Berbagai transaksi ekonomi dan perdagangan yang terdapat di Kota Tanjungpinang sebagai ibukota Provinsi kepulauan Riau sangat beragam dan melibatkan seluruh masyarakat dengan keragaman suku/etnis, agama dan adat budaya yang potensial. Upaya dibidang UMKM sangat strategis, mengingat pertumbuhan UMKM di Tanjungpinang. Serta adanya perkembangan potensi UMKM dalam masyarakat kota yang cenderung tersebar dalam jenis dan bidang yang tidak terencana. Metode dalam penelitian ini, semaksimal mungkin mengkombinasikan  pendekatan yang bersifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis LQ (Location Quotient). Berdasarkan analisis LQ terlihat bahwa terdapat banyak komoditas unggulan sektor pertanian. Komoditas tersebut adalah jagung, bayam dan sawi, papaya dan nangka, hasil peternakan sapi, kambing, ayam kampung, perikanan dan hasil-hasilnya. Sedangkan untuk sektor industri terdapat komoditas unggulannya adalah perdagangan, hotel dan restoran, bangunan, angkutan dan penunjang, perhotelan dan jasa akomodasi, pertambangan, perbankan, koperasi.
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi dan Komunikasi Organisasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Dalam Meningkatkan Komitmen Organisasi Pada PT. Batanghari Barisan Padang
Authors: Dharma Robby
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine the influence of organizational climate and organizational communication to organizational commitment through employee job satisfaction. The population in this study amounted to 290 respondents who are employees of PT. BHB Padang. This study uses multiple regression analysis and path analysis to see the influence of organizational climate and organizational climate variables on organizational commitment through employee job satisfaction. From the results of the analysis is known that organizational climate variable (X1) of organizational communication variable (X2) has no direct effect on organizational commitment (Y2), and organizational communication variable (X2) also has no direct influence to organizational commitment (Y2), however, organizational climate and organizational climate variable has an indirect effect on organizational commitment. That is climatic variables and organizational communication has a significant influence on organizational commitment through employee job satisfaction.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh iklim organisasi dan komunikasi organisasi terhadap komitmen organisasi melalui kepuasan kerja karyawan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 290 responden yang merupakan karyawan PT. BHB Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan analisis jalur untuk melihat pengaruh variabel iklim organisasi dan komunikasi organisasi terhadap komitmen organisasi melalui kepuasan kerja karyawan. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa variabel iklim organisasi (X1) variabel komunikasi organisasi (X2) tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap komitmen organisasi (Y2), Dan variabel komunikasi organisasi (X2) juga tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap komitmen organisasi (Y2), Namun, iklim organisasi dan variabel iklim organisasi memiliki efek tidak langsung pada komitmen organisasi. Yaitu variabel iklim dan komunikasi organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasi melalui kepuasan kerja karyawan.
MANAGEMENT OF VILLAGE PRIVATE ENTERPRISES AS AN ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THE INDEPENDENCE ECONOMIC VILLAGE
Authors: Kholmi Masiyah , Jati Ahmad Waluya , Suhardi Diding
Published: July 2019

This research aims to describe the governance of Village-Owned Business Entities in Megaluh, Jombang. Data collection with questionnaires and documents. This research method using quantitative-descriptive. The results show that BUMDES in Megaluh was implemented with the purposes of BUMDES and increase the economics of the village. But there are several limitations in the governance of BUMDES, which is the educational background of the management of BUMDES governance was occupied by high school or vocational school graduates (56,1%), the majority of BUMDES characteristics are in the form of savings and loans (56,4%), trade (29,6%), rental (6,3%), and else (7,7%). BUMDES does afford to contribute to village cash or PADes of the still low (2,39%).
THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF BROWN SUGAR MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE IN SUMBERRINGIN VILLAGE SANAN KULON SUB-DISTRICT BLITAR REGENCY
Authors: Boedirochminarni Arfida
Published: July 2019

Blitar Regency is one of the areas in East Java that has become the place for the growth of the food and beverage industry, and has enormous potential. MSME (Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises) in Blitar Regency in 2011 was recorded at 18,644 units. The number then increased significantly in 2015 reaching 254,187 units. One of them is Sumberingin Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises located in the Sumberringin village, Sanan Kulon sub-district, Blitar Regency. These MSMEs seek to improve the economic sector of the region by processing natural resources into goods of the sale value, namely brown sugar. They can produce more than 12kg for each production. Their profits in one production with 12 units get more than IDR 250,000. They have a lot of contributions to their village in increasing the income per capita by producing traditional product to the market and develop their local potential to compete with other modern products through social media marketing and modern market places.
“It Would Be Better If You Can Hang Out With Different People”: An Examination of Cross-National Interaction in Postsecondary Classrooms
Authors: Johnstone Christopher J. , Yefanova Diana , Woodruff Gayle , Montgomery Mary Lynn , Kappler Barbara J.
Published: July 2019

This study examines the motivations and experiences of international and domestic students on three U.S. campuses related to cross-national interactions within classroom settings. The study also examines the role of instructors in facilitating such interactions through individual and group interviews. Findings indicate that domestic students appreciate the global perspectives of international students related to course content. International students, in turn, appreciate the “real world” perspectives that domestic students provide about the US (but do not necessarily find value in their content-related comments). The implications of this study are that cross-national interactions have different meanings for different stakeholders (i.e., some perceive to benefit academically while others perceive to benefit culturally). The implications of this study relate to how instructors structure student interactions and what might be reasonable outcomes for students in international groups in postsecondary classrooms.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Materi Keterampilan Mengajar Berbasis Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Pada Mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Jambi
Authors: Setiono Panut , Wibowo Imam Suwardi
Published: July 2019

Guru kompeten adalah guru yang memiliki kemampuan, keterampilan dan kompetensi dalam melaksanakan praktik pendidikan, terutama di dalam kelas. Kegiatan ini wajib dilakukan oleh guru dalam mengembangkan seluruh aspek yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk menganalisis kebutuhan pengembangan materi keterampilan mengajar berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik pada mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Jambi. Salah satu langkah dalam prosedur penelitian dan pengembangan 4D yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan pengembangan materi keterampilan mengajar berbasis Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik pada mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Jambi ini adalah tahap pendefinisian (define). Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa: Pertama, produk yang dihasilkan selama ini belum terarah kepada perangkat pembelajaran yang menarik dalam format yang baku dan utuh; Kedua, Konsistensi dan standar dalam menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran yang menjadi patokan sangat dirasakan perlu dalam menunjang keselarasan dan kesesuaian untuk pencapaian kompetensi yang diinginkan dan Ketiga, kebutuhan format dan desain dari perangkat pembelajaran yang baku dan spesifik. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya model desain perangkat pembelajaran akan diujikan dalam kelompok kecil yang akan dijadikan informasi dalam perbaikan dan analisis kekurangan terhadap produk yang dihasilkan
História ambiental e ensino de história:
Authors: Pereira Elenita Malta
Published: July 2019

O artigo trata da experiência de ensino realizada na disciplina “Tópicos Especiais I”, na graduação em História - Licenciatura da Universidade do Centro Oeste do Paraná - UNICENTRO, em 2015, no campus de Coronel Vivida, oeste do Paraná. Houve uma interessante interação entre Ensino de História e História Ambiental, em que foram trabalhados conteúdos significativos para os alunos, a partir do contexto da região em que estavam inseridos. A disciplina foi orientada pela problemática de abordar a história ambiental de forma a superar a narrativa dominante de destruição da natureza pelo ser humano. Nessa perspectiva, o conceito de Nowtopia possibilitou o aprendizado de relações humanos-natureza que rompem com a lógica consumista e individualista do mercado, e constroem relações de respeito e proteção ao ambiente, no sentido de ir além da concepção preponderante de disjunção entre sociedade e natureza, visando contribuir na formação dos acadêmicos como futuros professores de história.
Concepções acerca da formação docente em química: desafios e possibilidades
Authors: Tres Lairton , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: July 2019

A formação docente traz à tona inúmeros desafios para serem enfrentados num curso de formação universitária, e dentre eles está a constante tensão entre teoria e prática. Este trabalho tem como base as reformulações curriculares de um curso de Química Licenciatura de uma universidade comunitária do Rio Grande do Sul tendo como objetivo explorar as concepções estabelecidas pelos professores formadores, evidenciando desafios e possibilidades à formação docente. A pesquisa foi realizada com os professores envolvidos na reformulação curricular, que responderam a um questionário estruturado. O processo de análise foi realizado por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva. Os resultados são apresentados por figuras que contém as categorias que surgiram relacionando-as com as principais ideias emergentes. Entre esses, destacam-se a importância de desenvolver uma prática reflexiva ao longo da formação docente, ter disciplinas capazes de aliar saberes técnicos aos práticos e a necessidade do professor formador estar envolvido num processo de formação contínua.
Metódos de custeio: os perfis dos artigos publicados nos congressos CUSTO, ANPCONT e USP
Authors: Oliveira Ádria Tayllo Alves , Borba Neto Geraldo Nóbrega , Aleixo Danilo de Oliveira
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as tendências das publicações nos Congressos USP, ANPCONT e CBC que abordem a métodos de custeio, entre o período de 2015 a 2017. A metodologia é qualitativa com o emprego da técnica bibliométrica, os dados coletados por meio dos websites sendo a analisados um universo de 779 artigos, categorizados em: quantidade de artigos publicados sobre contabilidade de Custos; quantidade de artigos publicados sobre métodos de custeios; tipologia dos métodos de custeios empregada em cada artigo; procedimentos científicos aplicados nos artigos sobre métodos de custeios. Os resultados encontrados evidenciaram que CBC, 8% dos trabalhos apresentados em 2015 referiam-se aos Métodos de Custeio, em 2016 esse percentual foi de 12%, e em 2017 de 15%. No Congresso USP, apenas dois estudos discorriam sobre os métodos de custeio, enquanto em 2016 e 2017 não foram identificados artigos que abordem os métodos de custeios. No Congresso ANPCONT, foram apresentados 118 artigos no ano de 2015, sendo 12 haviam relação com o tema de Contabilidade de Custos, sendo que nenhum trata-se efetivamente sobre os Métodos de Custeio. Conclui-se que CBC foi o congresso apresentou o maior número de artigos relacionados a essa temática de métodos de custeio, quando comparados com os Congressos USP e ANPCONT.