bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic and Pulmonary Permeability Characterization of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome by Transpulmonary Thermodilution
Authors: López René , Pérez-Araos Rodrigo , Salazar Álvaro , Ulloa Ana L. , Vial Cecilia , Vial Pablo A. , Graf Jerónimo
Published: September 2019

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is characterized by capillary leak, pulmonary edema (PE), and shock, which leads to death in up to 40% of patients. Treatment is supportive, including mechanical ventilation (MV) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Hemodynamic monitoring is critical to titrate therapy and to decide ECMO support. Transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) provides hemodynamic and PE data that have not been systematically used to understand HCPS pathophysiology. We identified 11 HCPS patients monitored with TPTD: eight on MV, three required ECMO. We analyzed 133 measurements to describe the hemodynamic pattern and its association with PE. The main findings were reduced stroke volume, global ejection fraction (GEF), and preload parameters associated with increased extravascular lung water and pulmonary vascular permeability compatible with hypovolemia, myocardial dysfunction, and increased permeability PE. Lung water correlated positively with heart rate (HR, r = 0.20) and negatively with mean arterial pressure (r = −0.27) and GEF (r = −0.36), suggesting that PE is linked to hemodynamic impairment. Pulmonary vascular permeability correlated positively with HR (r = 0.31) and negatively with cardiac index (r = −0.49), end-diastolic volume (r = −0.48), and GEF (r = −0.40), suggesting that capillary leak contributes to hypovolemia and systolic dysfunction. In conclusion, TPTD data suggest that in HCPS patients, increased permeability leads to PE, hypovolemia, and circulatory impairment.
Remodeling of the Actin Network Associated with the Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) of West Nile Virus and Formation of NS1-Containing Tunneling Nanotubes
Authors: Furnon Wilhelm , Fender Pascal , Confort Marie-Pierre , Desloire Sophie , Nangola Sawitree , Kitidee Kuntida , Leroux Caroline , Ratinier Maxime , Arnaud Frédérick , Lecollinet Sylvie , Boulanger Pierre , Hong Saw-See
Published: September 2019

The cellular response to the recombinant NS1 protein of West Nile virus (NS1WNV) was studied using three different cell types: Vero E6 simian epithelial cells, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, and U-87MG human astrocytoma cells. Cells were exposed to two different forms of NS1WNV: (i) the exogenous secreted form, sNS1WNV, added to the extracellular milieu; and (ii) the endogenous NS1WNV, the intracellular form expressed in plasmid-transfected cells. The cell attachment and uptake of sNS1WNV varied with the cell type and were only detectable in Vero E6 and SH-SY5Y cells. Addition of sNS1WNV to the cell culture medium resulted in significant remodeling of the actin filament network in Vero E6 cells. This effect was not observed in SH-SY5Y and U-87MG cells, implying that the cellular uptake of sNS1WNV and actin network remodeling were dependent on cell type. In the three cell types, NS1WNV-expressing cells formed filamentous projections reminiscent of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). These TNT-like projections were found to contain actin and NS1WNV proteins. Interestingly, similar actin-rich, TNT-like filaments containing NS1WNV and the viral envelope glycoprotein EWNV were also observed in WNV-infected Vero E6 cells.
Comparison of Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of Influenza B and D Viruses in Pigs
Authors: Lee Jinhwa , Wang Liping , Palinski Rachel , Walsh Tim , He Dongchang , Li Yonghai , Wu Rui , Lang Yuekun , Sunwoo Sun-Young , Richt Juergen A. , Ma Wenjun
Published: September 2019

Influenza viruses are important pathogens causing respiratory disease in humans and animals. In contrast to influenza A virus (IAV) that can infect a wide range of animal species, other influenza viruses, including influenza B virus (IBV), influenza C virus (ICV), and influenza D virus (IDV) have a limited host range. Swine can be infected with all four different genera of influenza viruses. IAV infection of pigs causes the well-known swine influenza that poses significant threats to human and animal health. However, influenza virus infection of pigs with IBV, ICV, and IDV are not well-characterized. Herein, we compared pathogenicity of IBV and IDV using intratracheal and intranasal infection of pigs, which are IAV seropositive, and commingled naïve pigs with the infected animals to determine their transmissibility. Both viruses caused fever and some lung lesions, replicated in the lungs of infected pigs, but only IDV transmitted to the contact animals. Although IBV and IDV displayed differing levels of replication in the respiratory tract of infected pigs, no significant differences in pathogenicity of both viruses were observed. These results indicate that both IBV and IDV can replicate, and are pathogenic in pigs.
Human Papillomavirus Infection and Vaccination: Knowledge, Attitude and Perception among Undergraduate Men and Women Healthcare University Students in Switzerland
Authors: Jeannot Emilien , Viviano Manuela , Follonier Marie-Christine , Kaech Christelle , Oberhauser Nadine , Mpinga Emmanuel Kabengele , Vassilakos Pierre , Kaiser Barbara , Petignat Patrick
Published: September 2019

Background: Human Papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection, representing the main cause of genital warts and cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate basic knowledge and beliefs regarding HPV infection and HPV vaccine among undergraduate healthcare men and women students, as well as their attitudes towards HPV vaccine. Methods: Undergraduate women and men (nursing and midwifery curses) attending three Schools of Health Sciences located in Switzerland. A total of 427 women and 223 men have completed the web questionnaire, which included questions on their socio-demographic background and about basic knowledge and attitudes toward the HPV infection and vaccination. Results: Women undergraduate students have a better knowledge of HPV infection than their men counterparts, although there was a significant gap in knowledge of the disease’s mode of transmission and prevention. Among women, 72.6% of respondents reported having received at least one dose of HPV vaccines versus 31.4% for men respondents. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed a poor understanding among undergraduate healthcare men and women students about the HPV infection, its mode of transmission and its prevention. Our findings highlight the need to improve education on HPV for undergraduate healthcare students in order to increase the awareness of the disease.
Impact of Climate Change and Human Activities on Streamflow Variations Based on the Budyko Framework
Authors: Lee Chung-Hsun , Yeh Hsin-Fu
Published: September 2019

In recent years, the influence of climate change and human activity on the global environment have become a concern. It is essential to better understand the hydrologic environment to evaluate water availability and related issues. In this study, we perform a trend and breakpoint analysis on streamflow time series in the Lanyang, Keelung, Dahan, Fengshan, Youluo and Shangping River Basins in northern Taiwan. Furthermore, we apply the Budyko–Fu equation and the Budyko–Mezentsev–Choudhury–Yang equation to evaluate the elasticity of streamflow with respect to climate factors and the catchment characteristics parameter. We discuss the sensitivity of streamflow to climate factors (precipitation and potential evapotranspiration), as well as sensitivity to human activities such as land use changes. We detected breakpoints in the streamflow time series for the Lanyang and Keelung rivers in in 1993 and 1990, respectively. The streamflow of Lanyang River increased by 32.50% during the variation period (1993–2017), with 109.00% of the variation caused by non-climate factors. The Keelung River’s streamflow was reduced by 18.11% during the variation period (1990–2017), and the dominant factor was climate change, accounting for 71.53% of the reduction. Sensitivity analysis showed that precipitation changes were the most sensitive factor of streamflow variation. For every 1% increase in precipitation, the streamflow would increase by 1.05% to 1.37%. These results could serve as a reference for the sustainable development of water resources and territorial policies in northern Taiwan.
Heterogeneity and Anthropogenic Impacts on a Small Lowland Stream
Authors: Somlyai Imre , Berta Csaba , Nagy Sándor Alex , Dévai György , Ács Éva , Szabó László József , Nagy János , Grigorszky István
Published: September 2019

During our work, we investigated the physical and chemical variables of a small surface watercourse to investigate how different anthropogenic effects affect its water quality. Along this small watercourse, there are well-separated areas that are affected by various anthropogenic effects. In addition to its origin and branches, in many places it is surrounded by agricultural land with insufficient buffer zones, which burdens the small watercourse with nitrogen and phosphorus forms. In the lower stages, artificial damming inhibits the natural flow of the Tócó Canal, thereby creating eutrophicated stagnant water areas. This is further strengthened by, in many cases, illegal communal and used water intake that further burdens the small watercourse. Considering the experience of our investigation, it can be stated that the examined small watercourse could barely suffer human impacts, and it could be described with great heterogeneity using physical and chemical variables. We experienced that this heterogeneity caused by anthropogenic effects appeared in all hydrologic states and seasons. Furthermore, our research showed that these small watercourses had such high heterogeneity that their monitoring and examination should be taken just as seriously as when it comes to larger watercourses.
Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan
Authors: Al-Mashaqbeh Othman , Alsafadi Diya , Dalahmeh Sahar , Bartelt-Hunt Shannon , Snow Daniel
Published: September 2019

The largest wastewater treatment plant in Jordan was monitored in the summer to determine the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). Grab samples were collected from the influent and effluent of As-Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) were utilized to determine the concentrations of 18 compounds of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). The results showed that 14 compounds were detected in the collected samples from the influent and effluent of As-Samra WWTP. These compounds are 1,7-dimethylxanthine, amphetamine, acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, cimetidine, cotinine, diphenhydramine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), morphine, phenazone, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, thiabendazole, and trimethoprim. However, four compounds were below the detection limit (<0.005 µg/L), namely cimetidine, methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methamphetamine, and sulfachloropyridazine. Among PPCPs, the highest estimated average concentrations in raw wastewater were caffeine, acetaminophen, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, cotinine, and carbamazepine sampled during the summer, at an estimated concentration of 155.6 µg/L, 36.7 µg/L, 10.49 µg/L, and 1.104 µg/L, respectively. However, the highest estimated average concentrations in treated wastewater were for carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, caffeine, cotinine, and acetaminophen, at 0.856 µg/L, 0.096 µg/L, 0.086 µg/L, 0.078 µg/L, and 0.041 µg/L, respectively. In general, the results showed that some compounds in the collected samples of wastewater in Jordan have concentrations exceeding the values reported in the literature. The removal efficiency rates of 1,7-dimethylxanthine, acetaminophen, caffeine, cotinine, morphine, and trimethoprim were higher than 95%, while those of carbamazepine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole were lower than 22.5%. Moreover, diphenhydramine and thiabendazole had negative removal efficiency rates. The removal efficiency rates of the PPCPs in As-Samra WWTP were generally consistent with those of indicator compounds reported in the literature for conventional WWTPs.
Intensive Livestock Production Causing Antibiotic Pollution in the Yinma River of Northeast China
Authors: Ju Hanyu , Li Sijia , Xu Y. , Zhang Guangxin , Zhang Jiquan
Published: September 2019

Antibiotics are increasingly used in livestock production in rural China, raising concerns over pollution and health risk in countryside waterways. The Yinma River Basin in China’s far northeast is an agriculture-dominated area mixed with a densely populated province capitol city, providing a suitable area for investigating the influence of a typical land use mix in Northeast China on riverine antibiotic levels and transport. In this study, we sampled water along the Yinma River from upstream to downstream in a wet and a dry season and analyzed the samples for two popularly used antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR). The goal of the study was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of the antibiotics in Yinma’s two tributaries, Yitong and Yinma, which drain intensive livestock production land, and to elucidate which environmental and social factors influence the distribution of antibiotics in the cold and low mountainous areas. Water sample collection and instream measurements on dissolved oxygen and other ambient conditions were conducted at 17 locations along the Yinma and Yitong tributaries in August 2015 (wet season) and November 2015 (dry season). In addition to determining CIP and NOR levels, water samples were also analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonia (NH3), and free chlorine. We found a significantly higher level of NOR when compared to CIP, indicating greater use of the first in livestock production. The level of both antibiotics was higher in the wet season (NOR: 61.063 ± 13.856 ng L−1; CIP: 3.453 ± 0.979 ng L−1) than in the dry season (57.435 ± 14.841 ng L−1; 3.091 ± 0.824 ng L−1), suggesting higher runoff of the antibiotics from the drainage area during the raining season. The level of antibiotics was higher in rural areas, especially forested and wetland areas where livestock typically graze, as well as in the lower river basin. However, the health risk of antibiotics is determined by the physical condition and lifestyle of the residents in the river basin, hence showing a higher vulnerability of the urban area than the rural area.
Scaling-Up Conservation Agriculture Production System with Drip Irrigation by Integrating MCE Technique and the APEX Model
Authors: Assefa Tewodros , Jha Manoj , Worqlul Abeyou W. , Reyes Manuel , Tilahun Seifu
Published: September 2019

The conservation agriculture production system (CAPS) approach with drip irrigation has proven to have the potential to improve water management and food production in Ethiopia. A method of scaling-up crop yield under CAPS with drip irrigation is developed by integrating a biophysical model: APEX (agricultural policy environmental eXtender), and a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique. Topography, land use, proximity to road networks, and population density were considered in identifying potentially irrigable land. Weather and soil texture data were used to delineate unique climate zones with similar soil properties for crop yield simulation using well-calibrated crop model parameters. Crops water demand for the cropping periods was used to determine groundwater potential for irrigation. The calibrated APEX crop model was then used to predict crop yield across the different climatic and soil zones. The MCE technique identified about 18.7 Mha of land (16.7% of the total landmass) as irrigable land in Ethiopia. Oromia has the highest irrigable land in the nation (35.4% of the irrigable land) when compared to other regional states. Groundwater could supply a significant amount of the irrigable land for dry season production under CAPS with drip irrigation for the various vegetables tested at the experimental sites with about 2.3 Mha, 3.5 Mha, 1.6 Mha, and 1.4 Mha of the irrigable land available to produce garlic, onion, cabbage, and tomato, respectively. When comparing regional states, Oromia had the highest groundwater potential (40.9% of total potential) followed by Amhara (20%) and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples (16%). CAPS with drip irrigation significantly increased groundwater potential for irrigation when compared to CTPS (conventional tillage production system) with traditional irrigation practice (i.e., 0.6 Mha under CTPS versus 2.2 Mha under CAPS on average). Similarly, CAPS with drip irrigation depicted significant improvement in crop productivity when compared to CTPS. APEX simulation of the average fresh vegetable yield on the irrigable land under CAPS with drip irrigation ranged from 1.8–2.8 t/ha, 1.4–2.2 t/ha, 5.5–15.7 t/ha, and 8.3–12.9 t/ha for garlic, onion, tomato, and cabbage, respectively. CAPS with drip irrigation technology could improve groundwater potential for irrigation up to five folds and intensify crop productivity by up to three to four folds across the nation.
Cladoceran (Crustacea) Niches, Sex, and Sun Bathing—A Long-Term Record of Tundra Lake (Lapland) Functioning and Paleo-Optics
Authors: Nevalainen Liisa , Kivilä E. Henriikka , Rantala Marttiina V. , Luoto Tomi P.
Published: September 2019

Under fundamental ecosystem changes in high latitude lakes, a functional paleolimnological approach may increase holistic understanding of lake responses and resilience to climate warming. A ~2000-year sediment record from Lake Loažžejávri in the tundra of northern Finnish Lapland was examined for fossil Cladocera assemblages to examine long-term environmental controls on aquatic communities. In addition, cladoceran functional attributes, including functional diversity (FD), UV absorbance (ABSUV) of Alona carapaces, and sexual reproduction (ephippia) in Bosmina and Chydoridae were analyzed. Cladoceran communities responded to a major change in benthic habitat quality, reflected as elevated (increasingly benthic) sediment organic matter δ13C signal since the 17th century. FD fluctuations showed association with climate oscillation, FD being generally higher during warm climate periods. These ecological changes were likely attributable to diversification of littoral-benthic consumer habitat space. ABSUV, irrespective of increases during the Little Ice Age (LIA) due to higher UV transparency of lake water, was lower under increasing autochthony (benthic production) suggesting establishment of physical UV refugia by the benthic vegetative substrata. Bosmina ephippia exhibited a decreasing trend associated with increasing benthic production, indicating favorable environmental regime, and, together with chydorid ephippia, transient increases during the climate cooling of the LIA driven by shorter open-water season.
Numerical Analysis on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Surface Piercing Propellers in Oblique Flow
Authors: Ren Zhen , Hua Lin , Ji Penghui
Published: September 2019

When a planing boat sails at the free surface, the posture changes drastically with time, so the surface piercing propellers usually work in oblique flow. In this paper, numerical simulations are performed to predict the performance of PSP-841B with Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) method coupling with sliding mesh and volume of fluid (VOF) method. The results show that the predicted thrust and torque coefficients of PSP-841B are in good agreement with the experimental data. It proves the present numerical schemes are feasible and validated. These schemes are applied in the simulations of SPP-1 that is installed to a planing craft. In oblique flow, the ventilation volume of SPP-1 increases dramatically, resulting in the postponed transition of vented status that changes from the fully dry to partially wetted; at the low advance ratios, the thrust and torque coefficients are less than that in the horizontal case. As the advance speed increases, the vented mode of SPP-1 varies from full ventilation to partially wet, and the forces and moments get closer to the results in the horizontal flow. In addition, the blockage effect of air cavity to the inflow in oblique flow is more significant than the results in the horizontal case.
Impact of Vegetation, Substrate, and Irrigation on the Energy Performance of Green Roofs in a Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Gomes M. Glória , M. Silva C. , Valadas Ana Sofia , Silva Marcelo
Published: September 2019

Green roof energy performance is still a challenging topic, namely in a Mediterranean climate since it depends on building characteristics, roof type, and also on climatic conditions. This paper evaluates green roof buildings’ energy needs and use in a Mediterranean climate. An experimentally calibrated numerical model was used to perform a parametric analysis and identify the influence of key parameters in heating and cooling energy needs, as well as annual energy use. The vegetation height, the soil depth, and LAI (leaf area index) were identified as the key parameters. The irrigation levels were also crucial for the energy performance of green roofs, particularly during the summer period and in a Mediterranean climate. Heating energy needs were mainly associated with soil depth due to higher thermal resistance, whereas cooling energy needs depended mostly on LAI, which influenced evapotranspiration and shading effects. A reduction of soil depth from 1.0 m to 0.1 m increased winter energy needs by up to 140%, while low values of LAI increased cooling energy needs up to 365%. Annual energy use in a Mediterranean climate showed a higher dependence on soil depth, with oscillations of up to 115%, followed by LAI and vegetation height. Finally, irrigation levels impacted the annual energy use more significantly for lower watering flow rates. Reductions of about 500% were obtained when changing watering flowrates from 0 mm/day to 6 mm/day in intensive green roofs. Since green roofs with native species expect low values of watering, this may increase their cooling energy needs.
Quelques résultats d'une enquête sur le logement
Authors: Rempp J.-M. , Euvrard Françoise
Published: September 2019

Une enquête sur le logement a été effectuée en mars 1961 ; limitée à la population non agricole, elle fait suite à d'autres études sur ce sujet et en particulier à une enquête de 1955.

Certains de ses résultats sont analysés ici. L'enquête révèle une augmentation notable de la proportion des propriétaires depuis 1955. Elle met en évidence le manque de confort de beaucoup de logements. Une proportion non négligeable de logements neufs apparaissent surpeuplés ; les variations du surpeuplement des logements en fonction du statut d'occupation sont mises en relief. Enfin, l'étude apporte certains éléments d'information sur la variation des loyers payés en fonction du degré de confort et de la dimension du logement, de l'importance de la commune de résidence et du mode de détermination du loyer.
Samuel Lover's Irish Novels
Authors: Sloan Barry
Published: September 2019

Cet article se propose d'étudier les deux œuvres les plus connues de Samuel Lover : Rory O'More (1837) et Handy Andy (1842). Il compare la position de Lover vis-à-vis de ses compatriotes et de leurs problèmes sociaux avec celle d'autres romanciers irlandais, tels que Michael et John Banim, Gerald Griffin et William Carleton. L'auteur cherche à démontrer que l'œuvre de Lover marque l'arrivée, dans la fiction anglo-irlandaise, du roman divertissant.

En particulier, il tente de mettre en évidence les aspects par lesquels l'attitude de Lover envers ses lecteurs anglais différait de celle de la plupart de ses contemporains, et il montre combien Lover contribua à entretenir l'image stéréotypée de l'Irlandais bouffon, sot et gaffeur, mais néanmoins doté d'un grand cœur. Les aventures des héros de ces romans illustrent ce propos.

Les intrigues viennent appuyer l'affirmation selon laquelle Lover ne permettait que rarement à son sujet de devenir sérieux, bien que l'auteur signale quelques exceptions à cette règle. L'article étudie également dans le détail les solutions de facilité et les dérobades sentimentales des héros de ces romans, et compare ces à la tension et à l'introspection angoissée qui domine dans les œuvres plus anciennes.

L'auteur s'intéresse ensuite à l'influence du milieu de Lover sur son œuvre et souligne le fait que sa carrière d'écrivain fut presque accidentelle.

La conclusion fait état de l'impact des romans de Lover et de leur influence sur le comportement, notamment celui des Anglais envers les Irlandais, et propose un jugement sur la place que Lover occupe, par rapport à ses prédécesseurs, dans le roman de son pays.
Pas de Shamrocks pour Sam Beckett ? La dimension irlandaise de « Murphy »
Authors: Rafroidi Patrick
Published: September 2019

The French consider Beckett as their own, and Beckett, who has chosen their language and their culture has given them good reasons for this.

Even when works of fiction first written in English are concerned, Murphy, for instance, the author has refused to be described as « Irish » and devoted part of his creative powers to sneer at his native country, its inhabitants and types (e.g. the Stage-Irishman) and to parody some of its institutions (e.g. the Abbey), its artists (Yeats, Clarke) and its symbols (Cathleen ni Houlihan).

It is not so much Ireland that Murphy, a novel of refusal, condemns, however, as the land that has given birth to the hero or anti hero and his creator ; besides, condemned or otherwise, that land remains everpresent, sometimes to the point of recalling Joyce.

Yet the two novelists are also strikingly different in achievement as well as in racial, social and religious sensibility.

If Beckett appears simply « Irish » in his « Freudian blarney : Sodom and Begorrah » — to quote Dylan Thomas — his mental attitudes are essentially « Anglo-Irish » stricto sensu and so is, in part, his art of comedy reminiscent of Sheridan and Wilde and, when flavoured with a touch of the Abbey, in spite of his sarcasms, more akin to that of his fellow Protestant, Synge, than to any other playwright.

The Puritanism of the Anglo-Irish variety is fundamental to an understanding of Murphy in which a Swiftian dislike for the body and bodily functions is more prominent than a Joycean tendency to make fun of them.

Beckett thought that « the artist who stakes his whole being comes from nowhere » . This is patently not the case in as far as he is concerned and Ireland also is entitled to claim him as part of one of her traditions.
A Personal Recollection of Eamon De Volera
Authors: Andrews C.S.
Published: September 2019

De cette poignée d'anecdotes familières égrenées par l'un des plus fidèles compagnons du Vieux Chef émerge un portrait contrasté qui ménage bien des surprises. On savait De Valera pieux, austère, quelque peu obtus, incorruptible, dévoué corps et âme à ce qu'il jugeait être l'intérêt supérieur de l'Irlande nouvelle jaillie des ruines de l'insurrection de Pâques. On imaginait moins cet homme apparemment glacé compatissant aux faiblesses humaines, tourmenté par un sentiment de culpabilité vis-à-vis de sa famille sacrifiée non sans remords à la cause nationale, exempt de tout ressentiment et sachant à l'occasion charmer ses interlocuteurs par son extrême affabilité. Non moins intéressante est l'évocation de la résistance opiniâtre qu'il opposa, nonobstant ses scrupules religieux, aux empiétements de l'Église Catholique dominée par la légendaire figure du Dr. McQuaid, Archevêque de Dublin, ainsi que sa décision de confier les destinées de 1' Irish Press à son fils plutôt qu'au Fianna Fail de peur, sans doute, que le Parti se détourne un jour de l'idéal qui fut le sien tout au long de sa vie.
The Romantic Discourse(s) of Identity : Englishness, Irishness and Jewishness in Maria Edgeworth 's Castle Rackrent (1800)
Authors: Jung Sandro
Published: September 2019

Castle Rackrent (1800), reconnu comme l'un des premiers romans régionaux, aborde la construction culturelle de l'irlandité en faisant un usage prépondérant des discours ethniques et religieux. Ces discours révèlent Edgeworth comme une femme anglaise (élevée dans la tradition rationaliste de l'Angleterre du 18e siècle), intéressée par des qui lui étaient familières telles que la hiérarchie des propriétaires terriens ou les préjugés nationaux et religieux. Cet article se propose d'analyser les tensions qui découlent de la description, de l'examen et de la critique de ces phénomènes par Edgeworth mais aussi de définir la manière dont l'auteur forge l'identité « romantique » de l'Irlande.
L'usage du latin en Irlande médiévale
Authors: Picard Jean-Michel
Published: September 2019

La spécificité irlandaise haut-médiévale tient en partie au fait que l'île ne fut jamais occupée par les légions romaines. Dans les zones romanisées et christianisées sous l'égide de l'Empire Romain, la langue latine était symbole de civilisation. La barbarie de l'Irlande était en conséquence présumée. Cet article vise à démontrer que la réalité était en fait bien différente. Non seulement les lettrés irlandais connaissaient et pratiquaient le latin bien avant 1 'evangelisation, mais ils s'avérèrent capables de parvenir à un tel niveau de compétence linguistique et didactique qu'ils devinrent une référence dans le monde occidental et le demeurèrent bien au-delà de la date communément acceptée.
ON SOME PROBLEMS OF PROTECTING INTERESTS OF THIRD PARTIES
IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Aleksandrova Lyudmila , Nikiforova Elena
Published: September 2019

Not all persons involved in criminal proceedings have a procedural status or a common terminological designation. Nevertheless, the legislator recognizes the interests of persons whose rights are affected by procedural decisions or actions. The article identifies the problem of the lack of a legal protection mechanism for such persons, and also draws the analogy to the position of third parties in civil proceedings, since the interests concerned are formed in the sphere of property relations. In this regard, the authors raise the issue of prejudicial force of sentences on the basis of which the decision is made in civil proceedings when considering the civil claims for damages caused by a crime. The authors forecast the procedural consequences of the nullity of such decisions in the further consideration of the civil claim.
Fibroepitelyal Anal Polipler Ve Eşlik Eden Anal Hastalıklar
Authors: DESTEK Sabahattin
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Anal kanalda bulunan fibroepithelial anal polipler (FAP) çok katlı
yassı epitelden köken alırlar. Etyolojisinde enfeksiyon, enflamasyon,
gelişimsel faktörler üzerinde durulmaktadır. Malignleşmezler. Çoğunlukla
makatta ağrı ve kaşınmaya sebep olurlar. Bu sunumda FAP’li hastalarımız, FAP özellikleri
ve eşlik ettiği hastalıklar sunuldu.

Gereç ve
Yöntem: 2010-2015 yılları arasında
hastanemizin genel cerrahi kliniği kayıtlarından anal polip saptanan hastalar
retrospektif olarak incelendi. FAP dışındaki olgular çalışma dışı bırakıldı.
İncelemeye dahil edilen bu hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, semptomları, eşlik eden
anal hastalıkları, FAP sayısı ve çaplarına değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya 51 hasta alındı. Kadın/erkek oranı: 0,96
olup ortalama yaş 44,91 yıl idi. Hastaların %’ 49,01’inde (n=25) hemoroidal hastalık eşlik
ediyordu. Yapılan incelemede tüm hastaların %92,15’inde
(n=47)’in anal bölgede aralıklı ağrı, %90,19’inde
(n=46) anal bölgede kaşıntı şikayeti vardı. Hastaların %74,50’sinde (n=38) soliter FAP saptandı. FAP çapı 5-42 mm
arasında değişmekte olup ortalama 16,07 mm çapında idi. Hiçbir hastada
FAP sonrası malignite saptanmadı. Tedavide anal polip için polipektomi, ek
hastalığa göre hemoroidektomi, sfinkterotomi yapıldı.

Sonuç: FAP’lar hemoroidal hastalık, kronik anal fissür gibi
anal hastalıklarla beraber bulunabilirler. Crohn hastalığı ile daha fazla
görüldüğü bildirilmiştir. FAP varlığında enflamatuvar durumlara dikkat
edilmelidir. Maligneşmezler ancak patolojik inceleme yapılmalıdır.
Estudio sobre los usos de las TIC y las posibilidades de empoderamiento en las mujeres
Authors: Rubio Mª José , Escofet Anna
Published: September 2019

Resumen

El empoderamiento es un proceso de adquisición de poder de las personas que se encuentran en situación de desigualdad respecto a otras, en algunos casos de forma colectiva y en otros individual, para tomar decisiones acerca de su vida, ser partícipes y realizar cambios positivos en ésta. La medida del empoderamiento en relación a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación es difícil ya que implica analizar las habilidades, el conocimiento, el acceso y el uso de dichas tecnologías.

Este artículo se basa en una investigación que tuvo por objetivo conocer cómo las mujeres usan y se relacionan con las TIC. Para ello se desarrollaron herramientas de medida del empoderamiento de las mujeres en relación a las TIC a través de dos escalas tipo Likert que fueron aplicadas a una muestra de 854 mujeres. Los datos obtenidos muestran que las mujeres presentan en general un grado moderado de empoderamiento y que éste se diferencia por grupos de edad. Palabras clave: Empoderamiento, género, TIC (tecnologías de la información y la comunicación), mujer.
DEVELOPMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA BIOLOGY AS A REFERENCE FOR STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Amalia Etik
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the development Encyclopedia biology learning tools and materials as a reference for students of Senior High School is knowing the quality of encyclopedia was developed based on the results of the assessment by a validator. This research include research development. The development model which used in this study is 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, dan Desseminate). The instrument assessement of the encyclopedia quality form of sheet check list by using Likert scale. The kind of data which took is validation from the experts, the response of theacher and students. The results of the expert assessement material, media experts, and linguists an average to 81,3% with very decent criteria. Biology teacher’s response is 84% and the student’s response is 82,06%. Based on the assessment of the validator and responses, so it can be concluded that these materials can be said to deserve be used for the students in the biology learning for Senior High School.
Effectiveness of biology learning scientific literacy oriented
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: September 2019

Through this work, we found that scientific approach can be used as alternative model for scientific literacy learning oriented nor didn’t found the best model for science learning include biology.
САДОВО-ПАРКОВЕ МИСТЕЦТВО ЯК ТЕРИТОРІЯ ОЛЮДНЕННЯ
Authors: Гриценко Валентина
Published: September 2019

Досліджено садово-паркове мистецтво як специфічний простір, де особливим чином відбуваєтьсяолюднення як процес входження людини у параметри своїх сутнісних характеристик. Проведено аналізчинників та умов його здійснення.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAUN BAWANG (Allium fistulosum L.) TERHADAP APLIKASI KOMBINASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAN PUPUK KOMPOS
Authors: Tenlima Maria , Sembiring Jefri
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon tanaman daun bawang (Allium Fistulosum L) pada aplikasi kombinasi antara pupuk organik cair dan kompos. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Screen House, Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Musamus. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan faktorial dua faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan yang diberikan secara statistik tidak berpengaruh nyata pada berbagai kombinasi kompos dan pupuk cair pada pertumbuhan daun bawang. Meski demikian, perlakuan kombinasi antara 40 g kompos dan 2,4 ml l-1 pupuk organik cair  (K2N2) menunjukkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman terbaik (22 cm), sementara rata-rata jumlah daun maksimal (4,33) diperoleh pada kombinasi 60 g/tanaman kompos, dan  4 ml l-1 pupuk organik cair (K3N3).  Penelitian ini juga menkonfirmasi bahwa penggunaan pupuk memberikan hasil yang lebih baik pada berbagai kombinasi perlakuan, dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kata kunci: Pupuk organik cair; kompos; daun bawang.
UJI APLIKASI DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DARI LIMBAH PERTANIAN PADA TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis Sativus L)
Authors: Kusumah Rangga , Adrianus Adrianus , Limbongan Amelia A.
Published: September 2019

The efficiency of fertilizer use is now a necessity in the management of farming in Indonesia. farmers dependents on anorganic fertilizer in the long term will results in soil and ecological damage. This research aims to find the efectivity of liquid organic fertilizer in different aplication doses on growth and production of cucumber plants. This study was conducted in Kampung Yasa Mulya, district of slope of Merauke regency. The design used in the study was a randomized design of a group with five treatments and three repeats. On the vegetative observation the treatment effect the secondary branch, but had no effect on the length of the main branch. In generative parameters, the treatment showed significant effect on the amount of potential flower, fruit diameter and fruit weight. The best results are demonstrated by D3 treatment on of the number of secondary branch with an average of 3.93 branch, and D4 treatment on observations of potential flowers rates with an average of 6.73 flower, the number of harvest fruits 16, the fruit length with an average of 16.63 cm, The diameter of the fruit with an average of 3.6 cm and on the observation of the fruit weights with an average of 296,5 g. Keywords: Liquid organic fertilizer; growth; cucumber
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN UBI KAYU VARIETAS ADIRA 1 DAN ADIRA 4 TERHADAP PUPUK ORGANIK HAYATI VAM MIKORHYZA
Authors: Ronsumbre Ferdinandus , Mangera Yosefina , Suryaningsih Ni luh Sri
Published: September 2019

The research of response of growth and production of cassava plants of variety Adira 1 and Adira 4 towards Vam Mikorhyza fertilizer is conducted to figure out the response of plants towards fertilizer given so that the plants can reach good growth and production. This research used the random design of the factorial group, which consists of 2 factors. The first factor was the variety, consists of 2 variety they were variety Adira 1 (V1) and variety Adira 4 (V2) and the second factor was fertilizer, consists of 2 fertilizer they were Vam Mikorhyza (P1) and compost (P2). Each factor was combined into four treatment combinations which consist of treatment V1P1, V1P2, V2P1, and V2P2. The four treatment combinations were repeated 3 times so it was obtained 12 partition units of the experiment, which was analyzed by analysis of variance. The highest weight of tubers production obtain from Adira 4 variety (V2) was the production reach 28,833 ton ha-1, while the lowest one obtain from Adira 1 variety (V1) with average produced of tubers only 24,683 ton ha-1.
Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk NPK Phonska terhadap Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L)
Authors: Marutop Yosep , Djaja Irba , Sarijan Abdullah
Published: September 2019

The discussion focused on the effect of NPK fertilizer named Phonska on the growth rate of red onion, and the crops production. In this study, the method used is descriptive study lasted three months, from July 2011 to October 2011. The data collection techniques used in the preparation of this paper is a randomized block design (RBD ) and documentation . Based on the results, this study showed that the effect of NPK fertilizer Phonska on onion production are very significant. Phonska influence the number of tillers, because it meet the nutrient needs of plants so the crops able to produce well. For better results in the production of red onions we suggested that the cultivation of onion crop use NPK Phonska because it influence the development of onion growth. We recomended the relevant institutions to distribute NPK fertilizer and applying Phonska on onion crop growth to increase the production.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk NPK Phonska dan Pupuk Kandang terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Mangera Yosefina , Limbongan Amelia L
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to determine the influence of the combination of NPK fertilizer Phonska and manure on growth and tomato production in the Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, Musamus University, from January to April 2013, this study uses the design of complete random which consisted of 6 treatments, P0 ( control / without NPK Phonska Fertilizer and cow manure) P1 (100% NPK Phonska and 0% manure) P2 (75% NPK Phonska + 25% manure) P3 (50% NPK Phonska + 50% manure) P4 (25% NPK Phonska + 75% manure) P5 (0% NPK Phonska + 100% manure) with three replications. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there is a real difference then proceed with the least significant difference test. The results showed that combination treatment gives a noticeable effect on the level of 95% of the plant's height age of 49 HST in treatment P3 (50% NPK Phonska + 50% manure) and the average amount of fruit harvested in treatment P1 (100% NPK Phonska and 0 % manure) P2 (75% NPK Phonska + 25% manure) and P3 (50% NPK Phonska + 50% manure) as well as providing a significant influence on the amount of leaf age 49 and 56 HST in treatment P2 (75% NPK Phonska + 25% manure). Best treatment combination contained in the P2 combination treatment (75% + 25% Phonska NPK manure) which generated a total weight of the fruit harvest / treatment that is 7,59 kg while the lowest was found in the control treatment (without Phonska NPK fertilizer and manure) is 2,54 kg.
Alternative strategy for management of ecotourism in Bunaken Island, Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rompas Margresye D. , Kusen Janny D. , Lasut Markus T.
Published: September 2019

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Strategi alternatif untuk pengelolaan wisata bahari di Pulau Bunaken, Taman Nasional Bunaken, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia

The coral reefs of Bunaken Island is one of the attractions of the dive tourism, which has a diversity of marine life and the uniqueness of the objects for divers. To maintain its sustainability, it is necessary to study alternative management strategies of the reefs. This study aimed to describe and evaluate the current conditions in the management of marine tourism in Bunaken Island through formal and informal institutional analysis, and formulate alternative strategies as one of the priority strategies in the management of marine tourism of Bunaken Island. Alternative management strategies were analyzed using SWOT, while collecting data was carried out through field surveys using a questionnaire for visitors, communities, and stakeholder or industry-related tourism. Results of the study recommended that an alternative strategy for the management of Bunaken Island attractions should include: 1) increasing the active participation and involvement of local communities in the management of marine tourism destinations; 2) address the problem of garbage and cleanliness of the area; and 3) optimize the promotion of Bunaken Island adequately as the best maritime destination in the world.

Terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken merupakan salah satu objek wisata selam yang terkenal, di mana memiliki keanekaragaman biota laut dan keunikan panorama obyek penyelamannya. Untuk menjaga kelestariannya, maka perlu dikaji alternatif strategi pengelolaannya agar keberadaannya sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata yang penting bisa berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengevaluasi kondisi terkini dalam pengelolaan wisata baharí di Pulau Bunaken secara formal dan nonformal institusional; dan menyusun alternatif strategi sebagai salah satu prioritas strategi pengelolaan wisata baharí di Pulau Bunaken. Alternatif strategi pengelolaan dianalisis menggunakan SWOT, sedangkan pengambilan data melalui survei lapangan dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada pengunjung, masyarakat, dan stakeholder atau industri pariwisata terkait. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa alternatif kebijakan untuk pengelolaan objek wisata di Pulau Bunaken meliputi: 1) meningkatkan peran aktif dan pelibatan masyarakat setempat dalam pengelolaan destinasi wisata bahari; 2) mengatasi masalah sampah dan kebersihan kawasan; dan 3) mengoptimalkan kembali promosi Pulau Bunaken secara memadai sebagai destinasi wisata bahari terbaik di dunia.
Effect of Special Exercises to Develop Accuracy of Working Arm and Backhand Strike Skill of juniors Table Tennis Players
Authors: Habib Haidar , Abbas Naseer
Published: September 2019

The importance of study found in develop accuracy of hand & to find the effect on offensive skill, from the experience of the researcher, there is weakness in speed & accuracy. so they are using special exercises in training to developed accuracy, and using experimental research, and simple limited (12plyers) belong for the National Center for the Promotion of Sports Talent, so as the statistical methods that found on the (spss) , researcher reach to the exercises effect on develop of accuracy , and researcher reach to recommended to use this exercises in programs of training to this stage of players.
The Evaluation of Evidence Bisphenol A Exposure and Human Reproductive Health: A review
Authors: Jambor Tomas , Kovacikova Eva
Published: September 2019

Infertility is widespread problem defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse. One of the most notable factors causing this status is the exposure to environmental contaminants. It is now recognized that many contaminants present in the environment have the ability to interfere in the action of hormones and therefore are termed endocrine disruptors (EDs). Some of these compounds are present in nature, but the majority are artificial and released into the environment by the human activities without any prior knowledge of their impact on ecosystems, animal welfare, or wildlife and human health. Many epidemiological studies have reported a radical growth in the incidence of male infertility, accompanied by decreasing sperm quality, decline in spermatozoa motility, defect in Leydig cell morphology, insufficient activity of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. The similar situation was observed in female, when the increased risk for endometriosis, reproductive and other endocrine-related cancer, impaired oocytes, ovarian dysfunction, or irregular menstrual cycle was confirmed. All mentioned consequences have been associated with increasing concentration of bisphenol A (BPA) in the environment. Humans are exposed to BPA not only through specific occupational circumstance, but nowadays more generally also from the ordinary day-to-day domestic and workplace lifestyles. Almost 3.4 million tons per year of BPA is used in a variety common product such as food packaging, household products, epoxy resins, dental sealants and many others. Under these endpoints, apprehensions about the reproductive dysfunctions associated with BPA action are unquestionable. In this review, we address the topic of BPA effects on reproductive function in males and females and emphasize its effects on overall health. A considerably more detailed and systematic research in EDs toxicology is required for a better understanding of risks associated with exposure to environmental toxicants.