bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public engagement for the conduct of a controlled human infection study testing vaccines against Necator americanus (hookworm) in areas of active hookworm transmission in Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Luciene Barra , Gazzinelli Andréa , Santiago Helton da Costa , Fiuza Jacqueline Araújo , Lobato Lucas , Correa de Oliveira Rodrigo , Gazzinelli Bethony Maria Flávia
Published: June 2024

Controlled Human Infection Models (CHIS) involve administering human pathogens to healthy participants in controlled medical settings, which can elicit complex bioethical issues. Understanding how the community perceives such studies can significantly increase the participant’s sense of cooperation and increases the researcher’s and the participant’s transparency. The current study describes the development of an educational intervention to achieve these ends as it aims to (1) analyze perceptions of the Controlled Human Infection Studies (CHIS), and (2) evaluate the participants’ comprehension of the CHIS. Methods: This is a qualitative action research that includes the development of an educational intervention with residents of a rural area in Minas Gerais, Brazil, where there is continuous natural transmission of the human pathogen Necator americanus (“hookworm”). In this area, it is intended to carry out a proposed phase 3 vaccine clinical trial in the future to test the efficacy of hookworm vaccines using controlled human infection. Two data collection strategies were used: an educational intervention and a focus group. Results: The participants’ perceptions showed distinct perspectives on CHIS. On one side, they recognized that the investigation is essential for the community, but on the other side, they thought that there would be resistance to its conduct by fear of infection. The idea that the study would generate a benefit for the greater good, contributing to the prevention of hookworm infection, was clearly stated. The participants perceived that the study offered concrete risks that could be reduced by constant monitoring by the researchers. They also mentioned the importance of access to information and the positive influence those who express interest in participating in the study can exert in the community. In relation to comprehension the participants memorized the information, mobilized it to explain everyday situations and created strategies to disseminate the study and engage the community in its development. By repeating and making sense of the information, the participant not only assimilates the knowledge transmitted, but also creates new knowledge. Conclusion: We concluded that an educational process of discussion and dialogue around participants’ perceptions about the CHIS, promotes understanding and allows ways to disseminate information about the research to be collectively created.
Description of mitochondrial oxygen tension and its variability in healthy volunteers
Authors: Baysan Meryem , Broere Mark , Wille Maarten E. , Bergsma Jule E. , Mik Egbert G. , Juffermans Nicole P. , Tsonaka Roula , van der Bom Johanna G. , Arbous Sesmu M.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Describing mitochondrial oxygenation (mitoPO2) and its within- and between-subject variability over time after 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) plaster application in healthy volunteers.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Measurements were performed in Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.

Participants

Healthy volunteers enrolled from July to September 2020.

Interventions

Two ALA plasters were placed parasternal left and right, with a 3-hour time interval, to examine the influence of the calendar time on the value of mitoPO2. We measured mitoPO2 at 4, 5, 7, 10, 28, and 31 hours after ALA plaster 1 application, and at 4, 5, 7, 25, and 28 hours after ALA plaster 2 application.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

At each time point, five mitoPO2 measurements were performed. Within-subject variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the mean of five measurements per timepoint of a study participant. The between-subject variability was the SD of the mean mitoPO2 value of the study population per timepoint.

Results

In 16 completed inclusions, median mitoPO2 values and within-subject variability were relatively similar over time at all time points for both plasters. An increase in overall between-subject variability was seen after 25 hours ALA plaster time (19.6 mm Hg vs 23.9 mm Hg after respectively 10 and 25 hours ALA plaster time).

Conclusions

The mitoPO2 values and within-subject variability remained relatively stable over time in healthy volunteers. An increase in between-subject variability was seen after 25 hours ALA plaster time warranting replacement of the ALA plaster one day after its application.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov with trial number NCT04626661.
Specific pelvic shape in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip on 3D morphometric homologous model analysis
Authors: Sasaki Yui , Suzuki Daisuke , Tokita Ryo , Takashima Hiroyuki , Matsumura Hirofumi , Nagoya Satoshi
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To clarify the morphological factors of the pelvis in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), three-dimensional (3D) pelvic morphology was analyzed using a template-fitting technique.

Methods

Three-dimensional pelvic data of 50 patients with DDH (DDH group) and 3D pelvic data of 50 patients without obvious pelvic deformity (Normal group) were used. All patients were female. A template model was created by averaging the normal pelvises into a symmetrical and isotropic mesh. Next, 100 homologous models were generated by fitting the pelvic data of each group of patients to the template model. Principal component analysis was performed on the coordinates of each vertex (15,235 vertices) of the pelvic homologous model. In addition, a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated from the sensitivity of DDH positivity for each principal component, and principal components for which the area under the curve was significantly large were extracted (p<0.05). Finally, which components of the pelvic morphology frequently seen in DDH patients are related to these extracted principal components was evaluated.

Results

The first, third, and sixth principal components showed significantly larger areas under the ROC curves. The morphology indicated by the first principal component was associated with a decrease in coxal inclination in both the coronal and horizontal planes. The third principal component was related to the sacral inclination in the sagittal plane. The sixth principal component was associated with narrowing of the superior part of the pelvis.

Conclusion

The most important factor in the difference between normal and DDH pelvises was the change in the coxal angle in both the coronal and horizontal planes. That is, in the anterior and superior views, the normal pelvis is a triangle, whereas in DDH, it was more like a quadrilateral.
CCW-YOLOv5: A forward-looking sonar target method based on coordinate convolution and modified boundary frame loss
Authors: Sun Yan , Yin Bo
Published: June 2024

Multi beam forward looking sonar plays an important role in underwater detection. However, due to the complex underwater environment, unclear features, and susceptibility to noise interference, most forward looking sonar systems have poor recognition performance. The research on MFLS for underwater target detection faces some challenges. Therefore, this study proposes innovative improvements to the YOLOv5 algorithm to address the above issues. On the basis of maintaining the original YOLOv5 architecture, this improved model introduces transfer learning technology to overcome the limitation of scarce sonar image data. At the same time, by incorporating the concept of coordinate convolution, the improved model can extract features with rich positional information, significantly enhancing the model’s detection ability for small underwater targets. Furthermore, in order to solve the problem of feature extraction in forward looking sonar images, this study integrates attention mechanisms. This mechanism expands the receptive field of the model and optimizes the feature learning process by highlighting key details while suppressing irrelevant information. These improvements not only enhance the recognition accuracy of the model for sonar images, but also enhance its applicability and generalization performance in different underwater environments. In response to the common problem of uneven training sample quality in forward looking sonar imaging technology, this study made a key improvement to the classic YOLOv5 algorithm. By adjusting the bounding box loss function of YOLOv5, the model’s over sensitivity to low-quality samples was reduced, thereby reducing the punishment on these samples. After a series of comparative experiments, the newly proposed CCW-YOLOv5 algorithm has achieved detection accuracy in object detection mAP@0.5 Reached 85.3%, and the fastest inference speed tested on the local machine was 54 FPS, showing significant improvement and performance improvement compared to existing advanced algorithms.
Multiscale dilated convolutional neural network for Atrial Fibrillation detection
Authors: Xia Lingnan , He Sirui , Huang Y-F , Ma Hua
Published: June 2024

Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a type of heart arrhythmia, becomes more common with aging and is associated with an increased risk of stroke and mortality. In light of the urgent need for effective automated AF monitoring, existing methods often fall short in balancing accuracy and computational efficiency. To address this issue, we introduce a framework based on Multi-Scale Dilated Convolution (AF-MSDC), aimed at achieving precise predictions with low cost and high efficiency. By integrating Multi-Scale Dilated Convolution (MSDC) modules, our model is capable of extracting features from electrocardiogram (ECG) datasets across various scales, thus achieving an optimal balance between precision and computational savings. We have developed three MSDC modules to construct the AF-MSDC framework and assessed its performance on renowned datasets, including the MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation Database and Physionet Challenge 2017. Empirical results unequivocally demonstrate that our technique surpasses existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in the AF detection domain. Specifically, our model, with only a quarter of the parameters of a Residual Network (ResNet), achieved an impressive sensitivity of 99.45%, specificity of 99.64% (on the MIT-BIH AFDB dataset), and an F 1 a l l score of 85.63% (on the Physionet Challenge 2017 AFDB dataset). This high efficiency makes our model particularly suitable for integration into wearable ECG devices powered by edge computing frameworks. Moreover, this innovative approach offers new possibilities for the early diagnosis of AF in clinical applications, potentially improving patient quality of life and reducing healthcare costs.
Adherence to practice parameters in Medicare beneficiaries with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Laurido-Soto Osvaldo J. , Faust Irene M. , Nielsen Susan Searles , Racette Brad A.
Published: June 2024

Objective

Physician adherence to evidence-based clinical practice parameters impacts outcomes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. We sought to investigate compliance with the 2009 practice parameters for treatment of ALS patients in the United States, and sociodemographic and provider characteristics associated with adherence.

Methods

In this population-based, retrospective cohort study of incident ALS patients in 2009–2014, we included all Medicare beneficiaries age ≥20 with ≥1 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification ALS code (335.20) in 2009 and no prior years (N = 8,575). Variables of interest included race/ethnicity, sex, age, urban residence, Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and provider specialty (neurologist vs. non-neurologist). Outcomes were use of practice parameters, which included feeding tubes, non-invasive ventilation (NIV), riluzole, and receiving care from a neurologist.

Results

Overall, 42.9% of patients with ALS received neurologist care. Black beneficiaries (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.67), older beneficiaries (OR 0.964, 95% CI 0.961–0.968 per year), and those living in disadvantaged areas (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61–0.80) received less care from neurologists. Overall, only 26.7% of beneficiaries received a feeding tube, 19.2% NIV, and 15.3% riluzole. Neurologist-treated patients were more likely to receive interventions than other ALS patients: feeding tube (OR 2.80, 95% CI 2.52–3.11); NIV (OR 10.8, 95% CI 9.28–12.6); and riluzole (OR 7.67, 95% CI 6.13–9.58), after adjusting for sociodemographics. These associations remained marked and significant when we excluded ALS patients who subsequently received a code for other diseases that mimic ALS.

Conclusions

ALS patients treated by neurologists received care consistent with practice parameters more often than those not treated by a neurologist. Black, older, and disadvantaged beneficiaries received less care consistent with the practice parameters.
Functional trajectories before and after loss of ambulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and implications for clinical trials
Authors: McDonald Craig M. , Signorovitch James , Mercuri Eugenio , Niks Erik H. , Wong Brenda , Fillbrunn Mirko , Sajeev Gautam , Yim Erica , Dieye Ibrahima , Miller Debra , Ward Susan J. , Goemans Nathalie ,   Investigators from the PRO-DMD-01 Study, Collaborative Trajectory Analysis Project (cTAP)
Published: June 2024

This study examined functional trajectories of subjects during the transition phase between ambulatory and non-ambulatory Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) to inform clinical trial designs for new therapeutics. Ambulatory, pulmonary, and upper limb function leading up to loss of ambulation (LoA) and non-ambulatory measures following LoA were quantified; time ordering of pulmonary and upper limb milestones relative to LoA were determined; and the 10-second time threshold for 10-meter walk/run (10MWR) as a marker of approaching LOA was explored. Included in this analysis were 51 subjects aged between 7 and 18 years who experienced LoA during follow-up in the PRO-DMD-01 natural history study. Mean age at LoA was 12.7 (7.1–18.6) years. Mean annual rates of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) <80%-predicted and performance of upper limb (PUL) 1.2 total score were smaller before than after LoA, but not significantly (FVC %-predicted: 5.6% vs. 10.1%, p = 0.21; PUL 1.2 total score: 2.3 vs. 3.8 units, p = 0.20). More than half of patients experienced clinically significant deficits in FVC %-predicted and PUL 1.2 before experiencing LoA. Among subjects with baseline 10MWR >10 s, those with <1 year to LoA had similar mean ages but significantly worse mean ambulatory function at baseline compared to those with ≥1 year to LoA. Enriching DMD clinical trials for patients with declining pulmonary or upper limb function is achievable without restricting enrollment to non-ambulatory patients. The sequencing of LoA and initial deficits in pulmonary and upper limb function varied across patients and highlights the potential for composite outcomes or multi-outcome trial designs to assess disease-modifying therapies more comprehensively.
Dynamic observation and risk factors analysis of deep vein thrombosis after hip fracture
Authors: Cong Yuxuan , Wang Baohui , Fei Chen , Zhang Hong , Li Zhong , Zhu Yangjun , Zhuang Yan , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Kun
Published: June 2024

Objective

To dynamically observe the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after a hip fracture and analyze of the risk factors affecting the dynamic alteration of DVT.

Methods

Data of patients with hip fractures from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2021 were collected. Patients were divided into DVT and non-DVT groups according to their daily Doppler ultrasonography findings. Survival analysis was used to describe dynamic changes in DVT occurrence with time. Log-rank tests were used to compare the influence of individual factors of patients with DVT occurrence, and a Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify the risk factors affecting the dynamic alteration of DVT occurrence.

Results

A total of 331 patients were included: 148(44.7%) had preoperative DVT, and 143 (96.6%) had DVT in the first 3days after admission. The probability of DVT was 0.42 on Day 1, 0.11 on Day 2, 0.10 on Day 3, 0.08 on Day 4, 0.20 on Day 5, and 0.00 on Day 6–7, with a median survival time of 3.30 d. Age>70 years, intertrochanteric fracture, admission hemoglobin<130g/L, and admission hematocrit<40% had a significantly higher occurrence rate of DVT. A hematocrit level of <40% (Hazard Ratio 2.079, 95% Confidence Interval:1.148–3.764, P = 0.016) was an independent risk factor for DVT.

Conclusion

DVT after hip fractures mainly occurred in the first three days after admission, the trend was stabilized within one week, and day 1 had the highest rate of DVT incidence. Age, fracture type, HGB level, and Hct level affected dynamic occurrence of DVT. At constant other factors, Hct<40% was 2.079-fold incidence in the risk of preoperative DVT formation than those with Hct≥40% after hip fracture.
Cannabis use, mental health, and problematic Internet use in Quebec: A study protocol
Authors: Brodeur Magaly , Jutras-Aswad Didier , Légaré Andrée-Anne , Morvannou Adèle , Monson Eva , Cotton Julie-Christine , Hakansson Anders , Parent Virginie , Hudon Catherine
Published: June 2024

Background

Problematic Internet use is characterized by excessive use of online platforms that can result in social isolation, family problems, psychological distress, and even suicide. Problematic Internet use has been associated with cannabis use disorder, however knowledge on the adult population remains limited. In Quebec, cannabis use has significatively increased since 2018, and it is associated with various risks in public safety, public health, and mental health. This study aims to identify factors associated with problematic Internet use among adult cannabis users and to better understand their experiences.

Method

This project is a mixed explanatory sequential study consisting of two phases. Phase 1 (n = 1500) will be a cross-sectional correlational study using probability sampling to examine variables that predispose individuals to problematic Internet use, characteristics associated with cannabis use, Internet use, and the mental health profile of adult cannabis users in Quebec. Descriptive analyses and regression models will be used to determine the relationship between cannabis use and Internet use. Phase 2 (n = 45) will be a descriptive qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews aimed at better understanding the experience and background of cannabis users with probable problematic Internet use.

Discussion

The results of this study will support the development of public policies and interventions for the targeted population, by formulating courses of action that contribute to the prevention and reduction of harms associated with cannabis use and problematic Internet use. Furthermore, an integrated knowledge mobilization plan will aid in the large-scale dissemination of information that can result useful to decision-makers, practitioners, members of the scientific community, and the general population regarding the use of cannabis and the Internet.
Association between BCL11B gene polymorphisms and age-related hearing loss in the elderly: A case-control study in Qingdao, China
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Jingkai , Zhang Hua , Ren Jifeng , Cao Hainan , Xu Yaoyao , Zhang Dongfeng , Duan Haiping
Published: June 2024

Age-related hearing loss is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and a study have conducted animal experiments to explore the association between BCL11B heterozygosity and age-related hearing loss. The present study used established genetic models to examine the association between BCL11B gene polymorphisms and age-related hearing loss. A total of 410 older adults from two communities in Qingdao, China, participated in this study. The case group comprised individuals aged ≥ 60 years with age-related hearing loss, and the control group comprised individuals without age-related hearing loss from the same communities. The groups were matched 1:1 for age and sex. The individual characteristics of the participants were analyzed descriptively using the Mann–Whitney U test and the chi-square test. To explore the association between BCL11B gene polymorphisms and age-related hearing loss, conditional logistic regression was performed to construct genetic models for two single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) of BCL11B, and haplotype analysis was conducted to construct their haplotype domains. Two SNP sites of the BCL11B gene, four genetic models of rs1152781 (additive, dominant, recessive, and codominant), and five genetic models of rs1152783 (additive, dominant, recessive, codominant, and over dominant) were significantly associated with age-related hearing loss in the models both unadjusted and adjusted for all covariates (P < 0.05). Additionally, a linkage disequilibrium between rs1152781 and rs1152783 was revealed through haplotype analysis. Our study revealed that BCL11B gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with age-related hearing loss.
Axial compression behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer confined partially encased recycled concrete columns
Authors: Wang Yunchen , Liang Jiongfeng , Wang Caisen , Li Wei
Published: June 2024

Partially encased concrete (PEC) has better mechanical properties as a structure where steel and concrete work together. Due to the increasing amount of construction waste, recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is being considered by more people. However, although RAC has more points, the performance is inferior to natural aggregate concrete (NAC). To narrow or address this gap, lightweight, high-strength and corrosion-resistant CFRP can be used, also protecting the steel flange of the PEC structure. Therefore, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) confined partially encased recycled coarse aggregate concrete columns were studied in this paper. With respect to different slenderness ratios, recycled coarse aggregate(RCA) replacement ratios, and number of CFRP layers, the performance of the proposed CFRP restrained columns are reported. The RCA replacement ratio is analyzed to be limited negative impact on the bearing capacity, generally within 6%. As for the slenderness ratio, the bearing capacity increased with it. However, wrapping CFRP significantly increased the bearing capacity. Considering the arch factor, a simple formula for calculating the ultimate strength of CFRP-confined partially encased RAC columns is developed based on EC4 and GB50017-2017. By comparison with the experimental values, the error is within 10%.
Elucidating the spatio-temporal dynamics of the Plasmodium falciparum basal complex
Authors: Morano Alexander A. , Ali Ilzat , Dvorin Jeffrey D.
Published: June 2024

Asexual replication of Plasmodium falciparum occurs via schizogony, wherein 16–36 daughter cells are produced within the parasite during one semi-synchronized cytokinetic event. Schizogony requires a divergent contractile ring structure known as the basal complex. Our lab has previously identified PfMyoJ (PF3D7_1229800) and PfSLACR (PF3D7_0214700) as basal complex proteins recruited midway through segmentation. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we localized both proteins to a novel basal complex subcompartment. While both colocalize with the basal complex protein PfCINCH upon recruitment, they form a separate, more basal subcompartment termed the posterior cup during contraction. We also show that PfSLACR is recruited to the basal complex prior to PfMyoJ, and that both proteins are removed unevenly as segmentation concludes. Using live-cell microscopy, we show that actin dynamics are dispensable for basal complex formation, expansion, and contraction. We then show that EF-hand containing P. falciparum Centrin 2 partially localizes to this posterior cup of the basal complex and that it is essential for growth and replication, with variable defects in basal complex contraction and synchrony. Finally, we demonstrate that free intracellular calcium is necessary but not sufficient for basal complex contraction in P. falciparum. Thus, we demonstrate dynamic spatial compartmentalization of the Plasmodium falciparum basal complex, identify an additional basal complex protein, and begin to elucidate the unique mechanism of contraction utilized by P. falciparum, opening the door for further exploration of Apicomplexan cellular division.
The roles of nuclear orphan receptor NR2F6 in anti-viral innate immunity
Authors: Yang Chen , Wang Chen-Yu , Long Qiao-Yun , Cao Zhuo , Wei Ming-Liang , Tang Shan-Bo , Lin Xiang , Mu Zi-Qi , Xiao Yong , Chen Ming-Kai , Wu Min , Li Lian-Yun
Published: June 2024

Proper transcription regulation by key transcription factors, such as IRF3, is critical for anti-viral defense. Dynamics of enhancer activity play important roles in many biological processes, and epigenomic analysis is used to determine the involved enhancers and transcription factors. To determine new transcription factors in anti-DNA-virus response, we have performed H3K27ac ChIP-Seq and identified three transcription factors,NR2F6,MEF2DandMAFF, in promoting HSV-1 replication. NR2F6 promotes HSV-1 replication and gene expressionin vitroandin vivo, but not dependent on cGAS/STING pathway. NR2F6 binds to the promoter ofMAP3K5and activates AP-1/c-Jun pathway, which is critical for DNA virus replication. On the other hand,NR2F6is transcriptionally repressed by c-Jun and forms a negative feedback loop. Meanwhile, cGAS/STING innate immunity signaling repressesNR2F6through STAT3. Taken together, we have identified new transcription factors and revealed the underlying mechanisms involved in the network between DNA viruses and host cells.
Public health policy impact evaluation: A potential use case for longitudinal monitoring of viruses in wastewater at small geographic scales
Authors: Chan Elana M. G. , Bidwell Amanda , Li Zongxi , Tilmans Sebastien , Boehm Alexandria B.
Published: June 2024

Public health policy impact evaluation is challenging to study because randomized controlled experiments are infeasible to conduct, and policy changes often coincide with non-policy events. Quasi-experiments do not use randomization and can provide useful knowledge for causal inference. Here we demonstrate how longitudinal wastewater monitoring of viruses at a small geographic scale may be used in a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 public health policies on the spread of COVID-19 among a university population. We first evaluated the correlation between incident, reported COVID-19 cases and wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations and observed changes to the correlation over time, likely due to changes in testing requirements and testing options. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we then evaluated the association between university COVID-19 public health policy changes and levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater. We did not observe changes in SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations associated with most policy changes. Policy changes associated with a significant change in campus wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations included changes to face covering recommendations, indoor gathering bans, and routine surveillance testing requirements and availability.
Estrategias para fomentar la creatividad en la formación de maestros
Authors: Navarro-González Inmaculada , Zhou Chunfang
Published: June 2024

Las directrices europeas, entre las que se encuentra la Agenda 2030, están enfocadas al cambio en la educación con la necesidad de un aprendizaje continuo, la asunción de la responsabilidad personal del propio aprendizaje y la adopción de nuevos enfoques de aprendizaje que preparen a las personas con las competencias pertinentes. Los modelos educativos deben ir encaminados al desarrollo de habilidades blandas como la creatividad. Para el desarrollo de la capacidad creativa se han sugerido diversas estrategias en campos como la ingeniería o la medicina, pero son escasos los estudios centrados en la formación de docentes. El diseño metodológico es cualitativo a través de la búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos relevantes. Este artículo ofrece estrategias [uso de herramientas de pensamiento, aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) y creación de un entorno de aprendizaje propicio a la creatividad] que pueden aplicarse para la potenciación de la creatividad en la formación de maestros. Además, analiza las características del ABP, su ciclo de aprendizaje y los métodos para mejorar su dinámica de grupo. El contenido de los programas de formación de maestros debe estar acorde a las competencias que se espera que, posteriormente, los niños de educación primaria obtengan en los centros educativos.
Formação de valores éticos através do esporte: uma proposta para a convivência escolar
Authors: Rey Perez Carlos
Published: June 2024

A construção de sujeitos éticos depende diretamente dos valores que estão implícitos nos conteúdos com os quais os (as) jovens interagem no cotidiano escolar, bem como da qualidade das relações interpessoais estabelecidas entre esses sujeitos e as fontes de conhecimento e valores. O esporte pode surgir como uma possibilidade pedagógica interdisciplinar, visto que o esporte explicita diversas atitudes socialmente valorizadas que se manifestam no jogo. Optou-se como intervenção, a assembleia de classe, um espaço pedagógico organizado para refletir e buscar soluções para os problemas e conflitos que ocorrem no cotidiano escolar, oportunizando que os alunos possam participar de tomada de decisão sobre assuntos que lhes digam respeito. A intervenção foi realizada durante 5 meses, totalizando 18 sessões semanais de 45 minutos cada, divididas alternadamente em: Semana 1 (aulas sobre vivências e valores esportivos); Semana 2: a assembleia de classe. Observou-se que a assembleia de classe influenciou na forma como os estudantes se relacionam e resolvem seus conflitos e o esporte foi um facilitador em processos que envolverem o respeito, a amizade e a solidariedade.
Estudio comparativo del estrés académico asociado al retorno escolar post-covid-19 de los alumnos de la licenciatura en educación preescolar dentro del sistema de formación normalista en México
Authors: González Gutiérrez Fabiola Lizet , González Gutiérrez Solyenitzi Guadalupe
Published: June 2024

La formación inicial de los estudiantes de la licenciatura en Educación Preescolar, en el Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Educación Normal Gral. Lázaro Cárdenas del Río, se desarrolla bajo un conjunto de situaciones individuales e institucionales, producto de la demanda y la exigencia a la que son expuestos durante las experiencias de enseñanza y aprendizaje al cursar la licenciatura, aunado al proceso de retorno presencial post-COVID-19, que ha traído condiciones que han afectado las reacciones físicas y psicológicas, creencias bajo rendimiento, clima social negativo, carencia de valor de los contenidos y dificultades de participación y conductual de los estudiantes, lo que se ha manifestado en su proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo principal de la presente investigación es identificar los niveles de estrés académico y las diversas formas en que los estudiantes de la licenciatura en Educación Preescolar lo manifiestan. La presente investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, cuyo alcance es descriptivo, no experimental, correlacional; para ello el instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos se basó en el inventario SISCO del Estrés Académico (SV-21). A partir de la revisión de la literatura, se elaboró un banco preliminar compuesto por 41 ítems que reflejaban los principales estresores a los que se enfrentaban los estudiantes en el ámbito académico. En los resultados se analizan posibles causas explicativas, así como algunas medidas de intervención para la reducción del estrés en estudiantes de la licenciatura en Educación Preescolar en una escuela normal.
The Impacts of ADHD Tendency on Academic Burnout in Elementary School Students: Multiple Mediating Effects of Parental Support and Depression
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Jin Oh
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of ADHD tendency on academic burnout in elementary school students, and to verify the multiple medicating effects of parental support and depression on those impacts. From two elementary schools located in capital area, 559 students at grades 4-6 were surveyed about their levels of ADHD tendency, parental support, depression and academic burnout. The survey data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the multiple mediating effect was verified through bootstrap analysis. The results were as follows. First, ADHD tendency had direct and indirect impacts on academic burnout. Second, the multiple mediation analysis indicated that both parental support and depression had mediating effects on the impacts of ADHD tendency on academic burnout. The significance of this study lies in its demonstration that students with ADHD tendencies may exhibit additional academic problems such as academic burnout, and that interventions should go beyond mere academic support to simultaneously address social support like parental support and emotional issues like depression.
The Effect of Game-based Reading Activities on Reading Fluency and Attitudes of Elementary Students with Reading Difficulties from Multicultural Families
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ha Sung Min , Choi Jin Oh
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of game-based reading activities on the reading fluency and attitudes of elementary school students from multicultural families with reading difficulties. A multiple probe baseline design across subjects was used with three second-grade elementary school students from multicultural families struggling with reading in order to investigate the effect of game-utilized reading activities on their reading fluency and attitude. After the intervention, it was found that the reading fluency of all participating students had improved compared to the baseline, and their reading attitudes had also changed positively. These results indicate that game-based reading activities are an effective instructional method for improving reading in elementary students from multicultural families with reading difficulties. Furthermore, it suggests that game-based reading activities can be used as a useful instructional method to enhance the reading abilities of these students.
Comparação do Consumo Alimentar de Adolescentes em uma Escola Pública de Ensino Médio da Zona Urbana com o Consumo Alimentar em sua Residência na Zona Rural em Banabuiú-CE
Authors: Silva Ana Keyla Oliveira da , Silva Rui Barreto da
Published: June 2024

O consumo alimentar dos adolescentes são influenciados e definidos principalmente a partir do  que eles vivenciam em suas casas e em outros locais onde também fazem refeições, como é o caso da escola. A fase da adolescência, período de intensas mudanças e de definições, fase entre dez e dezenove anos, é um período da vida caracterizado por intensas transformações psicológicas, biológicas, e sociais que contribuem para a vulnerabilidade característica desse grupo populacional. Entre estas definições talvez possam estar incluído os gostos alimentares, as preferências em relação ao que ingerir nas refeições e lanches. Considerando essa fase de transformações e definições é importante verificar como os adolescentes moradores da zona rural que estuda na zona urbana constroem os seus hábitos alimentares: o que comem, o que gostam de comer, o que não gostam, o que gostaria de comer, o que eles consideram que interferiram nesses gostos, qual a contribuição dos alimentos presentes em suas casas, ou dos alimentos presentes na merenda escolar. E é isso que objetivo geral da pesquisa busca. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com jovens adolescentes que moram na zona rural e que estudam em uma pública na zona urbana. Foram feitas entrevistas com uma amostragem desses alunos através da aplicação de questionários com perguntas de múltiplas escolhas e também perguntas abertas. Foi possível perceber, a partir dos resultados, o que os alunos mais consomem em casa e na escola, como também identificar o que é menos consumido por eles. A partir dos resultados são apresentadas propostas viáveis de melhoramento do consumo alimentar desses alunos.
Formação continuada dos professores dos anos finais do ensino fundamental à luz da Educação Ambiental
Authors: Veras Soares Silva Keila Maria , Chagas Silva Maria Raimunda , Costa Gomes Wolia , Miranda Rita Mendonça
Published: June 2024

As políticas públicas de Educação Ambiental fomentaram a organização dos currículos das instituições públicas e privadas para a realização de práticas ambientais transversais e permitiu a elaboração de documentos referentes à formação dos professores que atuam nos níveis de educação e modalidades de ensino. Destarte, realizou-se pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, com o objetivo de avaliar os processos de formação continuada na perspectiva da educação ambiental no município de Paulino Neves – MA. Aplicou-se questionário on-line, para 69 professores que atuam nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados por meio do uso de software Prism 8.0. Evidencia-se por meio dos resultados a necessidade de elaboração de plano de formação à luz da educação ambiental.
Grupo de Movimento como acesso a novas possibilidades: um relato de experiência.
Authors: Santiago Glaucia Helena de Paula
Published: June 2024

O presente trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência de condução de um Grupo de Movimento, a partir da proposta de realização do trabalho de conclusão de curso da primeira fase da formação internacional em Análise Bioenergética, pelo Libertas-PE. O grupo contou com a participação de graduando em Psicologia, que demonstraram interesse em conhecer mais sobre as PICS e a Análise Bioenergética.  foi teve seis encontros onde foram experienciadas novelas possibilidades de  estar em grupo e outros arranjos relativos à percepção corporal.  Como síntese do trabalho observou-se a necessidade de uma maior propagação desse conhecimento, a partir do notável interesse dos alunos pela temática.
Estresse, Trauma e Traumatização e a Presença Observadora e Receptiva como Recurso para Atualização e Integração do Organismo
Authors: Rousseau Daniel , Netto Liana Rodrigues
Published: June 2024

Diante da pergunta de como podemos ir atualizando e integrando nosso organismo na renegociação do trauma, este trabalho vem com dois objetivos principais: de apresentar uma síntese conectando os temas Estresse, Trauma e Traumatização, de forma que possa ajudar o leitor (tanto aquele especializado na área de saúde, quanto também o leigo) a trafegar por eles com uma linha de compreensão, um fio condutor; e de poder oferecer algo como recurso que ajude na renegociação do trauma. Nesse sentido, deu-se especial atenção à Presença Observadora e Receptiva, chegando-se a consideração que, de um lado, se uma visão de mundo e formas de comunicação e linguagem baseadas nos valores de diversidade e inclusão podem nos levar a caminhos de saúde, uma Presença Observadora e Receptiva é um recurso efetivo que permite criar um estado interno condizente com estes valores, possibilitando atualização e integração do organismo. Este trabalho foi construído na forma de Revisão Narrativa, fazendo pontes entre os campos da Filosofia, Terapia, e Comunicação e Linguagem.
Parallel DNA/RNA NGS Using an Identical Target Enrichment Panel in the Analysis of Hereditary Cancer Predisposition
Authors: Kleiblová Petra , Černá Marta , Zemánková Petra , Matějková Kateřina , Nehasil Petr , Hojný Jan , Horáčková Klára , Janatová Markéta , Soukupová Jana , Šťastná Barbora , Kleibl Zdeněk
Published: June 2024

Germline DNA testing using the next-gene­ration sequencing (NGS) technology has become the analytical standard for the diagnostics of hereditary diseases, including cancer. Its increasing use places high demands on correct sample identification, independent confirmation of prioritized variants, and their functional and clinical interpretation. To streamline these processes, we introduced parallel DNA and RNA capture-based NGS using identical capture panel CZECANCA, which is routinely used for DNA analysis of hereditary cancer predisposition. Here, we present the analytical workflow for RNA sample processing and its analytical and diagnostic performance. Parallel DNA/RNA analysis allowed credible sample identification by calculating the kinship coefficient. The RNA capture-based approach enriched transcriptional targets for the majority of clinically relevant cancer predisposition genes to a degree that allowed analysis of the effect of identified DNA variants on mRNA processing. By comparing the panel and whole-exome RNA enrichment, we demonstrated that the tissue-specific gene expression pattern is independent of the capture panel. Moreover, technical replicates confirmed high reproducibility of the tested RNA analysis. We concluded that parallel DNA/RNA NGS using the identical gene panel is a robust and cost-effective diagnostic strategy. In our setting, it allows routine analysis of 48 DNA/RNA pairs using NextSeq 500/550 Mid Output Kit v2.5 (150 cycles) in a single run with sufficient coverage to analyse 226 cancer predisposition and candidate ge­nes. This approach can replace laborious Sanger confirmatory sequencing, increase testing turnaround, reduce analysis costs, and improve interpretation of the impact of variants by analysing their effect on mRNA processing.
Evaluation and characterization of Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger using phytochemical, antioxidant, GC-MS, antibacterial, and anticancer properties
Authors: Santhiya S , Ragunathan Ramachandran , Jesteena Johney
Published: June 2024

Medicinal plants provide a diverse spectrum of biological compounds that have significant uses in medicine and the well-being of humans. Vachellia leucophloea is a widely recognized medicinal plant in India with a wide range of therapeutic characteristics. This tree has been used in traditional medicine to treat numerous types of ailments since ancient times. Vachellia leucophloea contributes a significant part in regulating the death of cancer cells despite causing no adverse effects. In this present study, the bark of V. leucophloea was subjected to phytochemical analysis, total antioxidant activity by phosphor-molybdenum method, and DPPH assay to detect the radical scavenging activity, total phenol content for determining the plant’s antioxidant activity. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were performed by the agar well diffusion method. UV-Vis, FTIR, GC-MS, and TLC studies were performed to confirm the presence of compounds. The extract was subjected to MIC and TVC studies in which the plant’s ability to inhibit bacterial growth can be determined. DNA fragmentation assay was also analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. MTT assay was performed to analyze the anticancer activity against the MCF-7 Cell Line.
Between Revolution and Reaction: The Political Significance of Kant’s Doctrine of the Idea
Authors: Kryluk Michael
Published: June 2024

This essay argues that Kant’s conception of regulative ideas of practical reason introduced in the Critique of Pure Reason serves an important twofold function in his political philosophy. First, Kant’s version of the ideal, Platonic republic acts as the a priori paradigm of a rightful state to which existing regimes can and should conform. Second, Kant frames the regulative status of such practical ideas as a resolution of the conflict between the extremes of dogmatism and skepticism. In his principal political writings from the 1790s—i. e., “Theory and Practice,” “Perpetual Peace,” and the Doctrine of Right—Kant draws on his account of practical ideas in the Critique to articulate a counterfactual norm of popular sovereignty that distinguishes his political standpoint from opponents on the left and the right. Radicals repeat the error of the dogmatists by affirming that the norm of collective self-legislation is completely attainable in experience. By contrast, conservatives make the mistake of the skeptics by denying that rational political standards can be applied to reality at all. I show that Kant reconciles these extremes through his model of gradual, non-violent political reform guided by the regulative ideal of a perfectly self-legislating state.
Breaking the silence: empowering the mute-deaf community through automatic sign language decoding
Authors: Rahman Mohamed Nader A.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study is to develop a system for automatic sign language recognition to improve the quality of life for the mute-deaf community in Egypt. The system aims to bridge the communication gap by identifying and converting right-hand gestures into audible sounds or displayed text.

Methods

To achieve the objectives, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is employed. The model is trained to recognize right-hand gestures captured by an affordable web camera. A dataset was created with the help of six volunteers for training, testing, and validation purposes.

Results

The proposed system achieved an impressive average accuracy of 99.65 % in recognizing right-hand gestures, with high precision value of 95.11 %. The system effectively addressed the issue of gesture similarity between certain alphabets by successfully distinguishing between their respective gestures.

Conclusions

The proposed system offers a promising solution for automatic sign language recognition, benefiting the mute-deaf community in Egypt. By accurately identifying and converting right-hand gestures, the system facilitates communication and interaction with the wider world. This technology has the potential to greatly enhance the quality of life for individuals who are unable to speak or hear, promoting inclusivity and accessibility.
The Natural Right to Property as an Instrumental Right
Authors: Křížecký Matěj
Published: June 2024

I argue that Robert Nozick, in his well-known book “Anarchy, State, Utopia”, is working with Locke’s notion of the natural right to property merely instrumentally. I use the term “instrumentally” in the sense that the pieces of the source are not used within the context of the original work but are used atomically to support one’s argument or theory. Instrumental use of Locke’s theory causes incoherence in his theory. This paper introduces the incoherence in the question and explains how this incoherency is inherent to Nozick’s interpretation and usage of Lockean Proviso.
Museu das Invasões
Authors: Dantas Emiliano , Rodrigues Laís
Published: June 2024

Este texto traz o Museu das Invasões enquanto produção de conhecimento e atividade que articula crítica e ética como espaço de disputa de narrativa visual e ação política. Para isso, foram analisados dois monumentos e uma estátua, imagens coloniais que estão em locais públicos e se constituem como narrativa histórica. O texto se desdobra acerca de como as imagens, enquanto arte ou documento, perpetuam discursos que desumanizam o outro. Por fim, o Museu das Invasões presentifica a assunção das imagens anticoloniais e antirracistas como bases para resistência e sobrevivência de corpos marginalizados.