bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pendapatan dan Status Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga di Wilayah Pesisir di Kecamatan Sidoarjo Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Studi Penelitian di Dusun Kalikajang Kelurahan Gebang)
Authors: Susanti Aisyah Fitria
Published: August 2019

Background: Household food security in coastal areas can be seen from indicators of availability, access, food utilization and stability. One of the pillars of house hold food security can be influenced by household income.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the level of household income and the status of household food security in isolated coastal areas in Kalikajang Hamlet, Gebang Sub-District, District of Sidoarjo, Sidoarjo Regency.Method: This type of research was observational study with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all households in the area of Kalikajang Hamlet, Sub-District of Gebang. Sample was determined using simple random sampling technique and using formula from Lemeshow, resulted in 52 respondents included in this study. Primary data was collected through interviews with questionnaires. Data analysis using Chi Square statistical test to test the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, and logistic regression tests to test whether there is a relationship between all independent variables with the dependent variable.Results: The results of the study showed that from the eight of independent variables tested, there was one variable that was positively related to the level of household food security, namely household income (p-value<0.001).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of income and the status of household food security in coastal areas in the District of Sidoarjo.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di wilayah pesisir dapat dilihat dari indikator ketersediaan, akses, pemanfaatan pangan dan stabilitas.  Salah satu pilar yang mempengaruhi adalah pendapatan rumah tangga.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga dengan status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di wilayah pesisir tambak terisolir di Dusun Kalikajang, Kelurahan Gebang, Kecamatan Sidoarjo, Kabupaten Sidoarjo.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh rumah tangga yang berada di wilayah Dusun Kalikajang Kelurahan Gebang. Teknik penentuan sample menggunakan simple random sampling dengan rumus dari Lemeshow dan didapatkan 52 responden. Data Primer dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dengan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel bebas dan variabel dependen, dan uji regresi logistik untuk menguji adakah hubungan seluruh variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari delapan variabel independen yang diujikan, terdapat satu variabel yang berhubungan positif dengan tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, yaitu pendapatan rumah tangga (p-value<0.001).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pendapatan dengan status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga  di wilayah pesisir di Kecamatan Sidoarjo.
Pewarisan Menurut Hukum Waris Islam Terhadap Sistem Kekerabatan Matrilineal Minangkabau
Authors: Putri Ira Damayanti , Amelisca Dhea , Nengsih Sarfia
Published: August 2019

Minangkabau indigenous people if the family does not have children, especially children, especially girls, it is permissible to adopt children as successors. The position of daughters in the family in the Minangkabau community is very important in terms of the continuation of the clans from a family, this is because the Minangkabau people generally adhere to the Matrilineal family system. But in its development with the entry of Islam in Indonesia, most of the Minangkabau people were influenced by the teachings of Islam, so that in the position of heirs there was a position of heirs that contradicted the Islamic inheritance law with customary inheritance law in the Minangkabau community. The problem in this research is Islamic inheritance law towards customary inheritance law in Minangkabau people. The results of this study are that the Minangkabau community after the entry of Islam, implemented two inheritance systems, namely for high inheritance inherited by the Matrilineal collective inheritance system, for low inheritance inherited with Bilateral individual inheritance systems.
Increased Expression of Lipid Metabolism Genes in Early Stages of Wooden Breast Links Myopathy of Broilers to Metabolic Syndrome in Humans
Authors: Lake Juniper A. , Papah Michael B. , Abasht Behnam
Published: August 2019

Wooden breast is a muscle disorder affecting modern commercial broiler chickens that causes a palpably firm pectoralis major muscle and severe reduction in meat quality. Most studies have focused on advanced stages of wooden breast apparent at market age, resulting in limited insights into the etiology and early pathogenesis of the myopathy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify early molecular signals in the wooden breast transcriptional cascade by performing gene expression analysis on the pectoralis major muscle of two-week-old birds that may later exhibit the wooden breast phenotype by market age at 7 weeks. Biopsy samples of the left pectoralis major muscle were collected from 101 birds at 14 days of age. Birds were subsequently raised to 7 weeks of age to allow sample selection based on the wooden breast phenotype at market age. RNA sequencing was performed on 5 unaffected and 8 affected female chicken samples, selected based on wooden breast scores (0 to 4) assigned at necropsy where affected birds had scores of 2 or 3 (mildly or moderately affected) while unaffected birds had scores of 0 (no apparent gross lesions). Differential expression analysis identified 60 genes found to be significant at an FDR-adjusted p value of 0.05. Of these, 26 were previously demonstrated to exhibit altered expression or genetic polymorphisms related to glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus in mammals. Additionally, 9 genes have functions directly related to lipid metabolism and 11 genes are associated with adiposity traits such as intramuscular fat and body mass index. This study suggests that wooden breast disease is first and foremost a metabolic disorder characterized primarily by ectopic lipid accumulation in the pectoralis major.
Performance Analysis of Large-Scale MU-MIMO With a Simple and Effective Chanel Estimator
Authors: Pereira de Figueiredo Felipe Augusto , Ferreira Dias Claudio , Rodrigues de Lima Eduardo , Fraidenraich Gustavo
Published: August 2019

Accurate channel estimation is of utmost importance for massive MIMO systems that allow providing significant improvements in spectral and energy efficiency. In this work, we investigate the spectral efficiency performance and present a channel estimator for multi-cell massive MIMO systems subjected to pilot-contamination. The proposed channel estimator performs well under moderate to aggressive pilot contamination scenarios without prior knowledge of the inter-cell large-scale channel coefficients and noise power. The estimator approximates the performance of a linear Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) as the number of antennas increases. Following, we derive a lower bound closed-form spectral efficiency of the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) detector in the proposed channel estimator. The simulation results highlight that the proposed estimator performance approaches the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimator asymptotically.
Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory for Modeling of Wind Turbine Wakes under Atmospheric Stable Conditions: Breakdown and Modifications
Authors: Han Xing Xing , Liu De You , Xu Chang , Shen Wen Zhong , Li Lin Min , Xue Fei Fei
Published: August 2019

Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) overestimates wind shear in some atmospheric stable conditions, i.e. Richardson number $R_f<0.25$. The overestimated wind shear that leads to an under-predicted friction wind speed and a lower ambient turbulence intensity for a given hub-height reference wind speed and a given roughness length, could influence wake modeling of a wind turbine. This work investigates the side effects of the breakdown of MOST on wake modeling under stable conditions and makes some modifications to the flow similarity functions to eliminate these side effects. Based on a field measurement in a wind farm, we firstly show that MOST predicts a larger wind shear for the atmospheric stability parameter $\zeta>0.1$ and proposes new flow similarity functions without constraining $R_f$ to limit the overestimated wind shear by MOST. Next, different turbulence models based on MOST and a modified one based on the new similarity functions are investigated through numerical simulations. These turbulence models are combined with the actuator disk model (AD) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations (RANS) to model wind turbine wakes under stable conditions. As compared to measurements, numerical results show that turbulence models based on MOST result in larger wake deficits and slower wake recovery rate with a square root of the mean-squared-error (RSME) of wake deficit in the range of 0.07-0.18. This overestimated wake effect is improved by applying the new similarity functions and the RSME of wake deficit is averagely reduced by 0.05. Finally, we check the role of the under-predicted turbulence intensity playing in the larger wake deficit predicted by models based MOST. Additional numerical simulations using the modified turbulence model are carried out, in which the roughness length is reduced to impose a hub-height ambient turbulence intensity equivalent to the MOST case. Simulation results show that reducing turbulence intensity enhances wake effects, however, it cannot reproduce the large wake deficit predicted by models based on MOST, which suggests that the overestimated wake effect by MOST could be also related to the overestimated wind shear.
Structure and Function of Multimeric G-quadruplexes
Authors: Kolesnikova Sofia , Curtis Edward A.
Published: August 2019

G-quadruplexes are noncanonical nucleic acid structures formed from stacked guanine tetrads. They are frequently used as building blocks and functional elements in fields such as synthetic biology and also thought to play widespread biological roles. G-quadruplexes are often studied as monomers but can also form a variety of higher-order structures. This increases the structural and functional diversity of G-quadruplexes, and recent evidence suggests that it could also be biologically important. In this review we describe the types of multimeric topologies adopted by G-quadruplexes and highlight what is known about their sequence requirements. We also summarize the limited information available about potential biological roles of multimeric G-quadruplexes and suggest new approaches that could facilitate future studies of these structures.
Generation of Optical Absorption Band in Colloidal Coffee at Extremely Alkaline pH
Authors: Kushagra Arindam , Pandey Akshaya
Published: August 2019

Coffee and caffeine have been used as solar absorbers and also to increase the thermal stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells. In this work, we report the sensing of extremely alkaline pH by colloidal coffee solution aided by generation of an optical absorption band in the near-UV region. This generation of absorption band could be explained by the orientation induced dipole-dipole interactions arising from differing caffeine-solvent interactions with varying pH. Such a generation leads to the lowering of direct as well as indirect bandgaps from 4 eV-->2.8 eV& 3.4 eV-->2.5 eV, respectively. We also estimate the changes in optical energy storage efficiency, inferring it to be highest for pH 11 having the highest intensity of the generated absorption band (λ_abs≈360 nm). With these observations and further deductions, the work reported in this paper would be of immense interest to the researchers working in the field of development of chemical pH sensors and also in the development of novel UV absorbers.
Satellite Remote Sensing of the Greenland Ice Sheet Ablation Zone: A Review
Authors: Cooper Matthew G. , Smith Laurence C.
Published: August 2019

The Greenland Ice Sheet is now the largest land ice contributor to global sea level rise, largely driven by increased surface meltwater runoff from the ablation zone, i.e. areas of the ice sheet where annual mass losses exceed gains. This small but critically important area of the ice sheet has expanded in size by ~50% since the early 1960s, and satellite remote sensing is a powerful tool for monitoring the physical processes that influence its surface mass balance. This review synthesizes key remote sensing methods and scientific findings from satellite remote sensing of the Greenland Ice Sheet ablation zone, covering progress in 1) radar altimetry, 2) laser (lidar) altimetry, 3) gravimetry, 4) multispectral optical imagery and, 5) microwave and thermal imagery. Physical characteristics and quantities examined include surface elevation change, gravimetric mass balance, reflectance, albedo, and mapping of surface melt extent and glaciological facies and zones. The review concludes that future progress will benefit most from methods that combine multi-sensor, multi-wavelength, and cross-platform datasets designed to discriminate the widely varying surface processes in the ablation zone. Specific examples include fusing laser altimetry, radar altimetry, and optical stereophotogrammetry to enhance spatial measurement density, cross-validate surface elevation change, and diagnose radar elevation bias; fusing optical imagery, radar imagery, and microwave scatterometry to discriminate between snow, liquid water, refrozen meltwater, and bare ice near the equilibrium line altitude; combining optical reflectance with laser altimetry to map supraglacial lake, stream, and crevasse bathymetry; and monitoring the inland migration of snowlines, surface melt extent, and supraglacial hydrologic features.
Influence of Synoptic-Scale Airmass Conditions on Seasonal Precipitation Patterns over North Carolina
Authors: Zarzar Christopher , Dyer Jamie
Published: August 2019

This paper characterizes the influence of synoptic-scale airmass conditions on spatial and temporal patterns of precipitation in North Carolina over a 16-year period (2003-2018). National Center for Environmental Prediction Stage IV multi-sensor precipitation estimates were used to describe seasonal variations in precipitation in the context of prevailing airmass conditions classified using the spatial synoptic classification system. Spatial analyses identified significant clustering of high daily average precipitation amounts distributed along the lee side of the Appalachian Mountains and along the coastal plains. Significant and heterogenous clustering was prevalent in summer months and tended to coincide with land cover boundaries and complex terrain. Between the three geographic regions of North Carolina, highest precipitations amounts were received in western North Carolina during the winter and spring, but this signal shifted to eastern North Carolina in the summer and fall. Central North Carolina received the least amount of precipitation; however, there was substantial variability between regions due to prevailing airmass conditions. The summer months were dominated by maritime tropical airmass conditions with no clear shift in summertime airmass trends over the study period. Most days with recorded precipitation in the winter, spring, and fall occurred under dry moderate airmass conditions; however, the highest daily average precipitation and total precipitation occurred under the influence of maritime moderate airmasses. Importantly, there was an observed shift toward warmer and more humid airmass conditions in the winter, spring, and fall months throughout the study period (2003-2018), indicating a shift toward airmass conditions conducive to higher daily average rain rates in North Carolina.
Vegetation Profile for Forest Rehabilitation in Arjuna Mount, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Matheus , Soemarno Soemarno , Riniwati Harsuko , Afandhi Aminudin
Published: August 2019

The research objectives was to determine the plants vegetation profile in forest revegetation and Mount Arjuna springs. The method used was descriptive method. While based on the techniques and tools used to research, the author uses the survey method to obtain facts that occur in the research area, namely in the area around the springs of Arjuna mount, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia. Data obtained in the field are then processed and analyzed using GIS, ArcView 3.3 and Google Earth programs. The results of the study explain the profile of plant vegetation, namely plant stratification, bird wealth, taxonomic wealth and plant density have a significant effect on forest revegetation and springs in Arjuna mount. The forest vegetation profile has a positive and significant effect on the preservation of springs. The better the profile of forest vegetation, the preservation of springs will be better, and vice versa.
Experiment Verification and Stability Analysis of Iterative Learning Control for Shape Memory Alloy Wire
Authors: Kino Hitoshi , Mori Naofumi , Moribe Shota , Tsuda Kazuyuki , Tahara Kenji ,   Department of Intelligent Mechanical Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology 3-30-1 Wajirohigashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 811-0295, Japan,   Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan,   Suruga Production Platform Co., Ltd. 505 Nanatsushinya, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka, 424-8566, Japan,   Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Moto’oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Published: August 2019

To achieve the control of a small-sized robot manipulator, we focus on an actuator using a shape memory alloy (SMA). By providing an adjusted voltage, an SMA wire can itself generate heat, contract, and control its length. However, a strong hysteresis is generally known to be present in a given heat and deformation volume. Most of the control methods developed thus far have applied detailed modeling and model-based control. However, there are many cases in which it is difficult to determine the parameter settings required for modeling. By contrast, iterative learning control is a method that does not require detailed information on the dynamics and realizes the desired motion through iterative trials. Despite pioneering studies on the iterative learning control of SMA, convergence has yet to be proven in detail. This paper therefore describes a stability analysis of an iterative learning control to mathematically prove convergence at the desired length. This paper also details an experimental verification of the effect of convergence depending on the variation in gain.
Compatibility of Transactional and Interpersonal Conversation Texts in MTs English Textbook With The Standard of Content
Authors: Nuha Ulin
Published: August 2019

In this study, I analyzed the transactional and interpersonal conversation texts found in grade VIII English textbook entitled “EOS English on Sky 2”. This textbook is still much used at SMP or MTs although it was published a couple years ago. I also analyzed the linguistic features of the transactional and interpersonal conversations in the English textbook. It is assumed by the writers of the English textbook that the transactional and interpersonal conversation texts found in the English textbook are compatible with the standard of content as mentioned in curriculum 2006, School-based Curriculum (KTSP or Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan). The standard of content in KTSP 2006 develops student’s linguistic competence in people’s experience, ideas, and feelings and understands various meanings.

This study focuses on the issues of structural-functional approach which analyzes the speech function, structural approach which analyzes linguistic features,

This is a qualitative study. In calculating the data and the final result of data percentage, quantification was used to support this study. The data are transactional and interpersonal conversation texts written in grade VIII English textbook. Units of analysis in this study are moves and clauses. The conversation texts are presented in 8 units. The moves were analyzed functionally and the clauses were analyzed structurally.

The result shows that the speech functions of the transactional conversation texts are 54.5% matching the standard of content, the speech functions of the interpersonal conversation texts are 2.1% matching the standard of content, the linguistic feature applied in the transactional and interpersonal conversation texts uses the linguistic feature in functional literacy level, the speech functions of conversation texts introduced in EOS English on Sky 2 for MTs grade VIII are less compatible with the standard of content based on the compatibility levels.
Pengembangan Media Mobile Learning Menggunakan Program Appy Pie Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad Naharuddin , Lestari Dinna Eka Graha
Published: August 2019

The industrial revolution 4.0 is a trend in the industrial world that combines data exchange and automation technology. This trend changes human life in various fields including education. The use of this technology in education is still minimal , even though the instruments to implement it already exist. For example smartphone technology. Users of Android smartphones among students are very numerous. Therefore, the author took the initiative to develop and design an Android-based mobile learning media so that it was interesting by using an online builder program called "Appy Pie". The use of mobile learning media can make it easier for students to obtain educational and interesting information. Therefore, the learning process can be in accordance with the purpose of improving student learning test of IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. The method in this study is Research and Development with the DDD-E model. The results of validity by instructional media experts are 85% (very valid) and the results of validation by material experts are 90% ( very valid ). For the learning result obtained the average value of post-test is greater than the average value of pre-test (81,33 > 69,33). In generally, students experience an increase in learning test after using mobile learning media in the material history of the European industrial revolution in European history courses.
The effect of educational intervention based on health belief on improvement of metabolic indices of patients with diabetes type II living in rural areas
Authors: Falahati Ebrahim , Abdi Alireza , Ashterian Hossein , Salari Nader , Momenfar Farzad
Published: August 2019

Background: Nowadays, diabetes is one of the most common health problems worldwide that may cause severe side effects on the circulatory system, nervous system, kidneys, eyes, and feet. Health care education makes patients involved in caring and it is one of the main measures to attenuate the load of the disease on health system. The present study is an attempt to survey the effect of health belief-based educational intervention on improvement of metabolic indices in patients with diabetes type II in rural areas of Kermanshah-Iran.
Methods: The study was carried out as a clinical trial in 2018 on 48 individuals grouped into intervention and control groups (each with 24 members) randomely. The participants were patients with diabetes type II visiting rural comprehensive services centers of Pave-Kermanshah-Iran. They were selected randomly so that visitors to Shamshir Village clinic of were selected as the intervention group and the patients in Serias and Darebaian villages’ centers were selected as the control group. Data gathering was done using demographics questionnaire and a metabolic indices checklist before and three months after the educational intervention. The participants in the intervention group were grouped into two groups of 12-15 members and the intervention was conducted based on health belief model in six sessions each for 60 minutes. Data analyses were done using SPSS (v.24) and descriptive statistics and Squared Chi test, Wilcoxon test, Mann Whitney test, independent t-test, and paired t-test.
Findings: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographics and diabetes metabolic indices (P>0.05). However, after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of glycated hemoglobin (p=0.038) and fasting blood glucose level (P=0.006). The difference between the two groups was not significant in terms of BMI (p=0.301), cholesterol level (p=0.797), triglyceride (p=0.439), lipoprotein with low density (p=0.157), and lipoprotein with high density (p=0.664).
Conclusion: The results showed that health belief-based educational intervention was effective in decreasing blood glucose level in diabetic patients. It is recommended using this approach as a part of therapeutic intervention and disease control in diabetic patients.
Relationship between acculturation and blood pressure in Somali immigrants living in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota
Authors: Dalmar Ahmed , Martinson Brian C. , Brown Morgan , Singh Maharaj , Pryce Douglas , Maciosek Michael V. , Farah Farhiya , Ott Miles , Westgard Bjorn
Published: August 2019

Background Immigrant acculturation to the United States has been found to correlate with cardiovascular risks. Little extant research has evaluated the relationship between acculturation and blood pressure in Somali immigrants. Methods We surveyed and measured blood pressures of 1156 Somali immigrants in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota. Latent class analysis identified four distinct acculturation subgroups. We examined the data for predictors of hypertension using generalized estimating equations. Results Our sample was majority female (62.4%), mean age 47.9 ± 18.4 years, mean baseline body mass index 30.2 ± 8.6 kg/m2 and mean years in U.S. of 9.9 ± 6.1. Multivariate regression showed that one acculturation group (low English, high trust) was less likely to be hypertensive. Conclusion We found no relationship between several measures of acculturation and hypertension. We found a difference between one of our acculturation groups and the others, suggesting a more complex relationship between acculturation and hypertension among Somali immigrants.
Why online medical teams disband? The role of team diversity and leadership type
Authors: Li Jiaying , Wu Hong , Deng Zhaohua , Evans Richard , Hong Ziying , Liu Shan
Published: August 2019

Background
Medical teams (MTs) online can provide comprehensive and rapid healthcare services to patients through doctors’ collaboration. The growth of MTs continues with their increasing popularity among doctors and patients, but there also exists some disbanded MTs, which would break the continuity of healthcare services. We aim to addressing this pressing issue by exploring effects of team diversity and leadership types on the team status (i.e. team disbandment). Specifically, we classify team diversity into separation diversity, variety diversity and disparity diversity, and leadership types based on the clinical titles include strong, equal and weak types.
Methods
A dataset of 1,071 MTs online were traced from the Good Doctor Online, a leading online health community (OHC) in China on January 10, 2018, and 206 teams disbanded after 3 months. Logistic regression and Maximize Likelihood Estimation were used to examine their effects.
Results
Our findings suggest that variety diversity related to the departments positively affected team disbandment, but disparity diversity referring to the clinical titles negatively affected team disbandment. Separation diversity in terms of the members’ attitude exerted a negligible influence on team disbandment. Although strong and equal leadership negatively influenced team disbandment, they strengthened the positive effect of variety diversity, suggesting the stable structure matching of strong/equal-type leadership and low department diversity, and the matching of weak-type leadership and high department diversity.
Conclusion
This study focuses on effects of leadership types and team diversity, and their pairwise combinations are obtained to effectively reduce the disbandment probability of medical teams in OHCs. It could help platforms, team founders, and all those connected with MTs positively deal with the team disbandment crisis. Theoretical and practical implications in OHCs and limitations were discussed.
Towards the Elimination of Dog-Mediated Rabies: Development and Application of an Evidence-Based Management Tool
Authors: Rysava Kristyna , Hampson Katie , Haydon Daniel , Johnson Paul , Mancy Rebecca , Vilas Victor Del Rio , Mancero Tamara , de Carvalho Mary Freire , Vigilato Marco , Caldas Eduardo , Castro Andre , Montebello Lucia , Rocha Silene , Gutierrez Veronica , Roldan Jesus Gonzalez
Published: August 2019

Background: International organizations advocate for the elimination of dog-mediated rabies, but there is only limited guidance on interpreting surveillance data for managing elimination programmes. With the regional programme in Latin America approaching elimination of dog-mediated rabies, we aimed to develop a tool to evaluate the programme’s performance and generate locally-tailored rabies control programme management guidance to overcome remaining obstacles. Methods: We developed and validated a robust algorithm to classify progress towards rabies elimination within sub-national administrative units, which we applied to surveillance data from Brazil and Mexico. The method combines criteria that are easy to understand, including logistic regression analysis of case detection time series, assessment of rabies virus variants, and of incursion risk. Subjecting the algorithm to robustness testing, we further employed simulated data sub-sampled at differing levels of case detection to assess the algorithm's performance and sensitivity to surveillance quality. Results: Our tool demonstrated clear epidemiological transitions in Mexico and Brazil: most states progressed rapidly towards elimination but few regressed due to incursions and control lapses. In 2015, dog-mediated rabies continued to circulate in the poorest states, with foci remaining in only 1 of 32 states in Mexico, and 2 of 27 in Brazil, posing incursion risks to the wider region. The classification tool was robust in determining epidemiological status irrespective of most levels of surveillance quality. In endemic settings, surveillance would need to detect less than 2.5% of all circulating cases to result in misclassification, whereas in settings where incursions become the main source of cases the threshold detection level for correct classification should not be less than 5%. Conclusion: Our tool provides guidance on how to progress effectively towards elimination targets and tailor strategies to local epidemiological situations, while revealing insights into rabies dynamics. Post-campaign assessments of dog vaccination coverage in endemic states, and enhanced surveillance to verify and maintain freedom in states threatened by incursions were identified as priorities to catalyze progress towards elimination. Our finding suggests genomic surveillance should become increasingly valuable during the endgame for discriminating circulating variants and pinpointing sources of incursions.
The different compensatory mechanism of sagittal spinopelvis in patients with LDH and patients with spondylolisthesis
Authors: Wu Weifei , Liang Jie , Chen Ying , Yang Zong , Ru Neng , Zhang Fan , Nie Ke
Published: August 2019

Background: few studies focusing on the differences of spinopelvic alignment between patients with LDH and patients with SPL were reported. The aim of this study was to study differences of spinopelvic alignment and to analyze differences of correlation between sagittal alignment parameters among patients with LDH and SPL, and normal population.
Methods: Standard up-standing antero-posterior and lateral X-ray of the whole spine were preformed in all subjects. Evidence of LDH was confirmed by CT or MRI. SPL was diagnosed by X-ray or MRI. The parameters were measured included TK, LL, PI, SS, PT and SVA in lateral radiography.
Results: 60 patients with LDH, 62 patients with SPL and 57 normal were included. Significant differences as for the SS, TK, LL and SVA (P <0.05) was found among three groups. PI of SPL patients was the highest among the three groups (P <0.05). PT of both SPL patients and LDH patients were significant higher than controls’ (P <0.05). LL of LDH patients was the lowest among the three groups (P <0.05). PI was less correlated with LL (P <0.05) in patients with LDH and SPL. PT was more strongly negative correlated with SS, LL and TK in LDH group (P <0.05). SS was more strongly positive correlated with TK (P <0.05), and SS and LL were more strongly negative correlated with SVA (P <0.05) in LDH patients.
Conclusion: Those results showed a disharmonious spinopelvic relationship and exhibited different compensatory models of spine to adapt changes in spinal alignment in LDH patients and SPL patients.
Predictors of advanced fibrosis in elderly patients with biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The GOASIA study
Authors: Pitisuttithum Panyavee , Chan Wah Kheong , Piyachaturawat Panida , Imajo Kento , Nakajima Atsushi , Seki Yosuke , Kasama Kazunori , Kakizaki Satoru , Fan Jian Gao , Song Myeong Jun , Yoon Seung Kew , Dan Yock Young , Lesmana Laurentius , Ho Khek Yu , Goh Khean Lee , Wong Vincent Wai Sun , Treeprasertsuk Sombat
Published: August 2019

Background and Aim

The Gut and Obesity in Asia (GOASIA) Workgroup was formed to study obesity and gastrointestinal diseases in the Asia Pacific region. We aimed to 1) compare the characteristics of elderly (i.e. age ≥ 60) vs. non-elderly patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); 2) identify predictors of advanced fibrosis in elderly patients with NAFLD; and 3) assess the performance of non-invasive fibrosis scores in the prediction of advance fibrosis in the elderly population.

Methods

We abstracted the data of 1008 patients with NAFLD from nine centers across eight countries. Characteristics of elderly and non-elderly patients with NAFLD were compared using 1:3 sex-matched analysis.

Results

Of the 1008 patients, 175 were elderly (age 65±4 years), who were matched with 525 non-elderly patients (44±11 years). Elderly patients were more likely to have advanced fibrosis (35.4% vs. 13.3%; p<0.001). By multivariable analysis, factors associated with advanced fibrosis in elderly patients included female sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37-7.54) and hypertension (OR 3.68; 95%CI 1.11-12.23). The area under receiver-operating characteristics curve (95% CI) of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, NAFLD fibrosis score and Fibrosis-4 index for predicting advanced fibrosis in elderly patients were 0.62 (0.52-0.72), 0.65 (0.55-0.75) and 0.64 (0.54-0.74) respectively.

Conclusions

Elderly patients with NAFLD had a higher prevalence of advanced fibrosis than non-elderly patients. Female and hypertension were predicting factors for advanced fibrosis in the elderly. Non-invasive fibrosis scores had a lower specificity in elderly.
Improving management of glycaemic control in people with T2DM in Primary Care: estimation of the impact on the clinical complications and associated costs
Authors: Mata-Cases Manel , Mahon James , Mauricio Didac , Franch-Nadal Josep , Real Jordi , Hex Nick
Published: August 2019

Aim To estimate the potential benefits in terms of avoided complications and cost reduction if the Spanish health system would encourage the intensification of treatment for better glycaemic control in adults with Type 2 diabetes from the current HbA1c target used in clinical practice of 68 mmol/mol to a target of 53 mmol/mol. Methods The IQVIA Core Diabetes Model (version 9.0) was used to model the impact of these changes in respect of micro- and macrovascular complications and the associated costs. The modelling was based on data derived from the SIDIAP-Q population database from Catalonia, taking a random cohort of 10,000 people with type 2 diabetes and dividing it into sub-groups based on their basal HbA1c. Results The CDM modelling showed that the average cost reduction per person varies depending on basal HbA1c. The model estimates that after 25 years, people with a basal HbA1c between 48 and 58 mmol/mol and >75 mmol/mol show an average cost reduction of €6,027 and €11,966, respectively. Applying the per-person cost reduction to the cohorts of the prevalent population in Spain (1,910,374) the overall estimated cost reduction was €14.7 billion over 25 years. The improvements in outcomes resulted in an estimated reduction of more than 1.2 million complications cumulatively over 25 years, of which more than 550,000 relate to diabetic foot and more than 170,000 related to renal disease. Conclusion Over a 25 year period, Spain could considerably reduce costs and avoid major complications if, on a population level, more ambitious glycaemic control, according to Spanish or EU guidelines, could be achieved among people with type 2 diabetes by reducing the HbA1c threshold for treatment intensification. Although there is a slower trajectory for benefits in earlier years, there is a much more rapid benefit gain between years 5 and 15.
Determining the Psychosocial Needs of ElderlyPeople Living in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
Authors: esmaeilzadeh samineh , Oz Fatma
Published: August 2019

Background:The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (T.R.N.C.) is an island country that has experienced war due to its geographical location, and which has had a tragic recent history. It is believed that those who are currently elderly mayface many psychosocial problems as individuals who have experiencing this historical process.Identifying these psychosocial problems will help to planpsychiatric services for these individuals.

Methods: The data was collected through focus group interviews, which are a qualitative research method. 20 elderly people aged 65 and above living in Northern Cyprus were interviewed on a voluntary basis. Therewere 6-8 people in each focus group. A questionnaire developed by the researchers was utilised during the interviews.

Results:After the focus group interview, we divided the results into four categories (psychological, spiritual, physical and socialneeds) and 12 sub-themes:thepsychological categorycontainedlosses and emotional loneliness, risk of depression and adaptation to being elderly; thespiritual categorycontained anxiety aboutdeath, and beliefs, values and culture; thesocial category containedchange in roles, change in expectations, family problems and loneliness, and the physical category containedphysical impairment due to elderliness and illnesses.

Conclusion:When comprehensive and realistic information is collected regarding the psychosocial needs and problems of elderly individuals, problems that are currently tending to increase, and the expectations of elderly people are properly understood, it is possible to develop new practical models that contribute to the enhancement of services for the elderly.
Characterization and genome analysis of novel phage vB_KpnM _Bp5 infecting Klebsiella pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Cong , Ge Chenling , Wang Xiaoye , Wei Deyuan , Li Xun , Si Hongbin , Hu Chuanhuo
Published: August 2019

Background With the incidence of antibiotic resistance reaching crisis point, it is imperative to find alternative treatments for multidrug-resistant infections. Using phage for pathogen control might be a promising treatment option to combat bacterial resistance. Results In this study, a lytic phage, designated vB_KpnM _Bp5, was isolated from pig faecal sample in Nanning, Guangxi province of China, and classified as a member of the family Muscle virus based on electron microscopy analysis. A one-step growth curve of the phage at the optimal MOI revealed that the latent time was 40 min and the burst size was 24 PFU/cell, indicative of good lysis capacity. Whole genome sequencing showed that phage vB_KpnM _Bp5 had a small dsDNA genome of 43872 bp. BLASTn analysis showed that it shared 94.06% identity (94% genome coverage) with Klebsiella phage vB_KpnP_SU552A of complete genome idefix. RAST genome analysis showed that the phage had 50 ORFs due to its small genome size, and the number of functional proteins was consistent with other phages. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in mice, the results showed that phages provided vB_KpnM _Bp5better protection. Conclusion The phage vB_KpnM _Bp5 had the characteristics of broad host spectrum, strong environmental adaptability, short incubation period, large outbreak amount, and can cure the mouse model infected by Klebsiella pneumoniae. These findings suggested that phage vB_KpnM _Bp5 could be considered a potential therapeutic or prophylactic candidate against Klebsiella pneumonia infection.
Fast Feedback? Managing vulnerability in Emergency Departments through continuous improvement
Authors: Mateo Ricardo , Neriz Liliana , Ramis Francisco , Núñez Alicia , Bustamante Hernan , Mateo Carmen
Published: August 2019

Background Waiting time for physician attention is considered emergency care–sensitive, but still many emergency departments (EDs) attend their patients outside of the standard recommended. Objectives The objective of this research is to make a contribution for managing continuous improvement in EDs based on providing fast feedback using a new normalized variable named vulnerability. Methods This research has analyzed the levels of census, efficiency and vulnerability with which an ED works. The data set contains information regarding 53,175 individuals attended in an ED in Chile during 2013. A regression model was conducted to explain vulnerability. In order to carry out the analysis census, efficiency and vulnerability variables were calculated for each patient attended. The model has explained 63% of vulnerability. Results 40% of ED patients were attended after the wait time recommended by ESI and with efficiency levels lower than 40%. According to our results, efficiency, census, diagnostic track and months explain vulnerability. Conclusions This study allows us to manage EDs by using a new variable named vulnerability. Vulnerability provides fast feedback for healthcare professionals in order to develop a continuous improvement policy. This could increase professional commitment for continuous improvement and therefore decrease morbidity and mortality in any ED.
Low Adherence To Hand Hygiene: Analysis Of The Impact Factors In Critical Sectors Of A Hospital
Authors: Valim Marília Duarte , Bezerra Thaissa Blanco , Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes , Andrade Denise de , Ferreira Adriano Menis , Almeida Willian Alburquerque de , Rigotti Marcelo Alessandro , Bortolini Juliano
Published: August 2019

Background: We aimed to monitor hand hygiene (HH) of health professionals in three critical sectors of a university hospital, to verify the physical structure of these units for HH, gloves use and perception of professionals regarding the patient's safety climate
Methods: An observational, correlational study, conducted in critical sectors of a hospital. The study population consisted of nurses, nursing technicians, physicians, resident physicians and physiotherapists. The data were collected through four questionnaires to evaluate HH, factors related to adherence to it and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: A total of 148 professionals and 3.025 opportunities for HH were observed. Adherence to HH was higher among nurses when compared to nursing professionals (p <0.05), and there was a difference between different sectors (p <0.05). Professionals who previously participated in training had greater adherence (47.79% CI95% 45.38-50.20) to HH than professionals who did not participate (44.62% CI95% 41.95-47.29). There was a statistical difference between the perception of the security climate and the type of employment bond of the professional, as well as the sector in which it operates. Conclusion: Adherence to HH was affected and / or influenced by the physical structure, use of procedure gloves, work regimen and perceived patient safety climate.
Keywords: Hand hygiene; Cross Infection; Patient Safety; Safety culture
Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public water supply
Authors: Anversa Laís , Arantes Stancari Regina Célia , Garbelotti Maricene , da Silva Ruiz Luciana , Pereira Virgínia Bodelão Richini , Nogueira Nascentes Gabriel Antonio , Alves Dantas Stéfani Thais , Mores Rall Vera Lúcia
Published: August 2019

Water is indispensable for life and its quality is directly related to public health. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in public water supply in municipalities in São Paulo State, Brazil. Analyses were carried out at the Adolfo Lutz Institute between February and December 2016, and included physicochemical (chlorine, pH, color, turbidity and nitrate), and microbiological parameters (total coliforms and Escherichia coli), as well as P. aeruginosa, with susceptibility tests to antimicrobial agents and biofilm production capacity by the strains isolated. In total, 251 water samples were evaluated and 19 (7.6%) presented P. aeruginosa. No significant differences were observed between the physicochemical parameters found in the positive and negative samples for this bacterium, but the samples containing total coliforms were also those with the highest positivity for P. aeruginosa. All samples with P. aeruginosa reported chlorine concentrations between 0.2 and 2.0 mg/L, as required by Brazilian legislation, demonstrating this bacterium's resistance to conventional water treatment processes. Although not resistant to the antimicrobials tested, most strains isolated were classified as strong biofilm producers, emphasizing the need for further studies involving water supply quality.
INFLUENCE OF THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ON THE SEPARATIST ASPIRATIONS OF CATALONIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPANISH INTERNAL LAW
Authors: Dankowski Michał Zbigniew
Published: August 2019

The Catalan Crisis of 2017-2018 has shown significant misunderstandings in the internal legal system of Spain. Many issues of the legal system were differently understood by the central government and by the autonomous authorities in Barcelona. It concerned such as important issues like the institution of referendum, which was interpreted differently by politicians from Madrid and the Constitutional Court and otherwise by those from Barcelona. The genesis of the constitutional crisis itself is rooted in the global economic crisis that began in the second half of the last decade, as it was then that the Catalan nationalist movement radicalized.
Pesquisas brasileiras sobre terapia comunitária integrativa
Authors: Azevedo Elisângela Braga de , Cordeiro Renata Cavalcanti , Costa Lorena de Farias Pimentel , Guerra Camilla de Sena , Ferreira Filha Maria de Oliveira , Dias Maria Djair
Published: August 2019

Enfermagem em saúde comunitária; Pesquisa sobre serviços de saúde; Bases de dados.
Condições higiênico-sanitárias de lanches “cachorro-quente” do comércio ambulante
Authors: Christinelli Gabriela Torres , Putti Leonardo Serrano , Martins Adriana Bertocci , Simionato Eliane Maria Ravasi Stéfano , Weckwerth Paulo Henrique
Published: August 2019

Higiene dos alimentos; Microbiologia de alimentos; Vigilância Sanitária.
Fatores associados à subnotificação da Perda Auditiva Induzida por Ruído relacionada ao trabalho
Authors: Brasileiro Mariana Almeida , Santana Maria da Conceição Carneiro Pessoa de , Camboim Elizângela Dias
Published: August 2019

Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído; Notificação de Acidentes de Trabalho; Saúde do Trabalhador; Vigilância Epidemiológica.
Casos de exposições e Intoxicações por medicamentos registrados em um Centro de Controle de intoxicações do interior do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Costa Aline de Oliveira , Alonzo Herling Gregorio Aguilar
Published: August 2019

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