bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complications of endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms: Management and prevention
Authors: Ihn Yon Kwon , Shin Shang Hun , Baik Seung Kug , Choi In Sup
Published: February 2018

Endovascular coiling for intracranial aneurysms has become an accepted treatment with good clinical results and provides adequate protection against rebleeding and rupture of aneurysms. However, despite the experience, preparation, or skill of the physician, complications during endovascular treatment still occur. The main complications of endovascular coiling are: procedural aneurysmal perforations by the microcatheter, micro-guidewire, or coil, and thromboembolic events. Such situations are unexpected, complex, and can have devastating consequences. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the two most common complications, aneurysmal perforation and thromboembolism during endovascular coiling, and how we can prevent or overcome these complications to achieve a satisfactory outcome. In addition, as the flow diverter has been become an important tool for management of large, wide necked, and other anatomically challenging aneurysms, we also describe complications stemming from the use of the tool, which remains a novel treatment option for complex aneurysms.
Influence of short grooves on hydrodynamic lubrication of textured infinitely long sliders
Authors: Fu Hao , Fu Yonghong , Ji Jinghu , Zhao Shuchang , Hua Xijun
Published: February 2018

The influence of geometrical parameters of the short grooves on the hydrodynamic lubrication is studied in this article. Based on Reynolds equation and Jakobsson–Floberg–Olsson cavitation theory, an analytical model is developed to investigate the hydrodynamic lubrication of the short grooves. The study employs a multigrid method to calculate the distribution of hydrodynamic pressure and the average pressure of textured surfaces. The results indicate that the interactions between neighboring short micro-grooves and the end effect on the hydrodynamic pressure should be considered in the process of numerical simulation. There exist the optimum values of horizontal spacing and short micro-groove depth to maximize the hydrodynamic pressure. The average film pressure decreases with the increase in the vertical spacing, but it increases alongside the short groove width. The increase rate of the average pressure declines gradually as the short groove length grows. Therefore, hydrodynamic lubrication performance can be improved by optimizing the geometrical parameters of the short grooves according to operating conditions.
Changes in hemodynamic classification over time are common in systemic sclerosis‐associated pulmonary hypertension: insights from the PHAROS cohort
Authors: Lammi Matthew R. , Saketkoo Lesley Ann , Gordon Jessica K. , Steen Virginia D.
Published: February 2018

Group classification of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is based on pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) on right heart catheterization (RHC). How hemodynamics, particularly PAWP, change over time in systemic sclerosis (SSc)‐PH patients is unknown. SSc‐PH patients enrolled in the prospective observational PHAROS registry who had > 1 RHC (n = 120) were included in this analysis. Patients were considered to have a “PAWP class change” if they had a PAWP ≤ 15 mmHg on RHC‐1 and then a PAWP > 15 on RHC‐2 or had a PAWP > 15 on RHC‐1 and then PAWP ≤ 15 on RHC‐2. There was a median time of 1.4 years between RHC‐1 and RHC‐2 and 75% of patients had a PH medication added after their initial RHC. PAWP increased significantly (11 ± 5 versus 13 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.01) between RHC‐1 and RHC‐2, particularly for patients who were started on PH medications. Overall, 30% of patients who had a repeat RHC experienced a PAWP class change between their initial and follow‐up RHC, independent of whether a PH medication was added. Patients initially classified as World Health Organization group 2 PH were most likely to change PAWP class over time. In conclusion, PAWP values commonly change to a significant degree in SSc‐PH, which highlights the challenges in using a single time‐point PAWP to define clinical classification groups.
The serotonin hypothesis in pulmonary hypertension revisited: targets for novel therapies (2017 Grover Conference Series)
Authors: MacLean Margaret (Mandy) R.
Published: February 2018

Increased synthesis of serotonin and/or activity of serotonin in pulmonary arteries has been implicated in the pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The incidence of PAH associated with diet pills such as aminorex, fenfluramine, and chlorphentermine initially led to the “serotonin hypothesis of pulmonary hypertension.” Over the last couple of decades there has been an accumulation of convincing evidence that targeting serotonin synthesis or signaling is a novel and promising approach to the development of novel therapies for PAH. Pulmonary endothelial serotonin synthesis via tryptophan hydroxlase 1 (TPH1) is increased in patients with PAH and serotonin can act in a paracrine fashion on underlying pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), In humans, serotonin can enter PASMCs via the serotonin transporter (SERT) or activate the 5‐HT1B receptor; 5‐HT1B activation and SERT activity cooperate to induce PASMC contraction and proliferation via activation of downstream proliferative and contractile signaling pathways. Here we will review the current status of the serotonin hypothesis and discuss potential and novel therapeutic targets.
Association between smoking and risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wijarnpreecha Karn , Panjawatanan Panadeekarn , Mousa Omar Y , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Pungpapong Surakit , Ungprasert Patompong
Published: February 2018

Background/Objectives

Studies have suggested that smokers may have a lower risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) although the results have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to summarize all available data to better characterize this association.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Medline and Embase databases through January 2018 to identify all studies that compared the risk of PSC among current/former smokers versus nonsmokers. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random‐effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.

Results

Seven case‐control studies with 2,307,393 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. The risk of PSC among current smokers and former smokers was significantly lower than nonsmokers with the pooled odds ratio of 0.31 (95% CI, 0.18–0.53) and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.44–0.61), respectively. The risk remained significantly lower among current smokers and former smokers compared with nonsmokers even when only patients with PSC without inflammatory bowel disease were included.

Conclusions

A significantly decreased risk of PSC among current and former smokers was demonstrated in this study.
Reconciling Social Norms With Personal Interests: Indigenous Styles of Identity Formation Among Pakistani Youth
Authors: Hassan Bushra , Vignoles Vivian L. , Schwartz Seth J.
Published: February 2018

Research on identity formation has been conducted mostly in Western contexts. We extend and complement such research by exploring qualitatively the strategies and styles of identity formation employed by emerging adults in Pakistan. Whereas Western theories of identity formation often provide a negative view of normative orientation as “blind obedience” without exploring alternatives, our thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with 12 Pakistani emerging adults suggests a much more complex interplay between personal interests and normative influences on identity formation. Participants described various ways of reconciling normative expectations (parental, religious, and cultural) with their personal interests, preferences, and explorations, when deciding about their careers, relationships, and values. In Pakistani culture, normative influences seem to play a more positive and flexible role in identity formation than is suggested by previous Western research.
Trends in female authorship in research papers on eating disorders: 20-year bibliometric study
Authors: Strand Mattias , Bulik Cynthia M.
Published: February 2018

Background

There is a clear gender gap in scientific authorship. Although the proportions of female authors in medicine and psychiatry have increased over the past decades, women are still underrepresented.

Aims

To analyse authorship gender trends in eating disorder research.

Method

First and last author gender in research articles on eating disorders during the period 1997–2016 were assessed in eating disorder specialty journals, high-impact psychiatry journals and high-impact clinical psychology journals.

Results

The total number of papers on eating disorders increased substantially over the observation period, although a decrease was observed in high-impact psychiatry journals. Female authorship increased in both specialty journals and high-impact psychiatry journals. Authors were significantly less likely to be female in high-impact psychiatry and clinical psychology journals than in speciality journals.

Conclusions

Eating disorder research has been increasingly allocated to specialty journals over the past 20 years. A consistent gender gap between specialty and high-impact journals exists.

Declaration of interest

C.M.B is a grant recipient from Shire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and has participated as a member of their scientific advisory board. These positions are unrelated to the content of this article.
Tumor PIK3CA Genotype and Prognosis in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data
Authors: Zardavas Dimitrios , te Marvelde Luc , Milne Roger L. , Fumagalli Debora , Fountzilas George , Kotoula Vassiliki , Razis Evangelia , Papaxoinis George , Joensuu Heikki , Moynahan Mary Ellen , Hennessy Bryan T. , Bieche Ivan , Saal Lao H. , Stal Olle , Iacopetta Barry , Jensen Jeanette Dupont , O’Toole Sandra , Lopez-Knowles Elena , Barbaraeschi Mattia , Noguchi Shinzaburo , Azim Hatem A. , Lerma Enrique , Bachelot Thomas , Wang Qing , Perez-Tenorio Gizeh , can de Velde Cornelis J.H. , Rea Daniel W. , Sabine Vicky , Bartlett John M.S. , Sotiriou Christos , Michiels Stefan , Loi Sherene
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha ( PIK3CA) mutations are frequently observed in primary breast cancer. We evaluated their prognostic relevance by performing a pooled analysis of individual patient data.

Patients and Methods

Associations between PIK3CA status and clinicopathologic characteristics were tested by applying Cox regression models adjusted for age, tumor size, nodes, grade, estrogen receptor (ER) status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, treatment, and study. Invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) was the primary end point; distant disease-free survival (DDFS) and overall survival (OS) were also assessed, overall and by breast cancer subtypes.

Results

Data from 10,319 patients from 19 studies were included (median OS follow-up, 6.9 years); 1,787 patients (17%) received chemotherapy, 4,036 (39%) received endocrine monotherapy, 3,583 (35%) received both, and 913 (9%) received none or their treatment was unknown. PIK3CA mutations occurred in 32% of patients, with significant associations with ER positivity, increasing age, lower grade, and smaller size (all P < .001). Prevalence of PIK3CA mutations was 18%, 22%, and 37% in the ER-negative/HER2-negative, HER2-positive, and ER-positive/HER2-negative subtypes, respectively. In univariable analysis, PIK3CA mutations were associated with better IDFS (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.84; P < .001), with evidence for a stronger effect in the first years of follow-up (0 to 5 years: HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.81; P < .001; 5 to 10 years: HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.99; P = .037); > 10 years: (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.58; P = .38; P heterogeneity = .02). In multivariable analysis, PIK3CA genotype remained significant for improved IDFS ( P = .043), but not for the DDFS and OS end points.

Conclusion

In this large pooled analysis, PIK3CA mutations were significantly associated with a better IDFS, DDFS, and OS, but had a lesser prognostic effect after adjustment for other prognostic factors.
A Common DIO2 Polymorphism and Alzheimer Disease Dementia in African and European Americans
Authors: McAninch Elizabeth A , Rajan Kumar B , Evans Denis A , Jo Sungro , Chaker Layal , Peeters Robin P , Bennett David A , Mash Deborah C , Bianco Antonio C
Published: February 2018

Context

A common single nucleotide polymorphism in DIO2, Thr92AlaD2, has been associated with a transcriptome typically found in neurodegenerative diseases in postmortem human brain tissue.

Objective

To determine whether Thr92AlaD2 is associated with incident Alzheimer disease (AD).

Design

Population-based study; human brain tissue microarray.

Setting

Community-based cohorts from Chicago and northeastern Illinois and religious clergymen from across the United States constituted the primary population. A representative sample of the U.S. population was used for secondary analyses.

Participants

3054 African Americans (AAs) and 9304 European Americans (EAs).

Main Outcome Measure

Incident AD.

Results

In the primary population, AAs with Thr92AlaD2 had 1.3 times [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02 to 1.68; P = 0.048] greater odds of developing AD. AAs from a second population with Thr92AlaD2 showed a trend toward increased odds of dementia (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.78; P = 0.06) and 1.35 times greater odds of developing cognitive impairment not demented (CIND; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.67; P = 0.006). Meta-analysis showed that AAs with Thr92AlaD2 had 1.3 times increased odds of developing AD/dementia (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.58; P = 0.008). In EAs, no association was found between Thr92AlaD2 and AD, dementia, or CIND. Microarray of AA brain tissue identified transcriptional patterns linked to AD pathogenesis.

Conclusions

Thr92AlaD2 was associated with molecular markers known to underlie AD pathogenesis in AAs, translating to an observed phenotype of increased odds of developing AD/dementia in AAs in these populations. Thr92AlaD2 might represent one factor contributing to racial discrepancies in incident AD.
Mek1
Y130C mice recapitulate aspects of the human Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome
Authors: Aoidi Rifdat , Houde Nicolas , Landry-Truchon Kim , Holter Michael , Jacquet Kevin , Charron Louis , Krishnaswami Suguna Rani , Yu Benjamin D. , Rauen Katherine A. , Bisson Nicolas , Newbern Jason , Charron Jean
Published: February 2018

The RAS/MAPK signaling pathway is one of the most investigated pathways due to its established role in numerous cellular processes and its implication in cancer. Germline mutations in genes encoding members of the RAS/MAPK pathway also cause severe developmental syndromes gathered under the name of RASopathies. These syndromes share overlapping characteristics including craniofacial dysmorphology, cardiac malformations, cutaneous abnormalities and developmental delay. The cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (CFC) is a rare RASopathy associated with mutations in BRAF, KRAS, MEK1 and MEK2. MEK1 and MEK2 mutations are found in about 25% of the CFC patients and the MEK1Y130C substitution is the most common one. However, little is known about the origins and mechanisms responsible for the development of CFC. To our knowledge, no mouse model carrying RASopathy-linked Mek1 or Mek2 gene mutations have been reported. To investigate the molecular and developmental consequences of the Mek1Y130C mutation, we generated a mouse line carrying this mutation. Analysis of mice from a Mek1 allelic series revealed that the Mek1Y130C allele expresses both wild-type and Y130C mutant forms of MEK1. However, despite reduced levels of MEK1 protein and the lower abundance of MEK1 Y130C protein than wt, Mek1Y130C mutants showed increased ERK activation in response to growth factors, supporting a role for MEK1 Y130C in the hyperactivation of RAS/MAPK pathway leading to CFC syndrome. Mek1Y130C mutant mice exhibited pulmonary artery stenosis, cranial dysmorphia and neurological anomalies, including increased numbers of GFAP+ astrocytes and Olig2+ oligodendrocytes in regions of the cerebral cortex. These data indicate that the Mek1Y130C mutation recapitulates major aspects of CFC syndrome, providing a new animal model to investigate the physiopathology of this RASopathy.
Breathe Easy EDA: A MATLAB toolbox for psychophysiology data management, cleaning, and analysis
Authors: Ksander John C. , Kark Sarah M. , Madan Christopher R.
Published: February 2018

Electrodermal activity (EDA) recordings are widely used in experimental psychology to measure skin conductance responses (SCRs) that reflect sympathetic nervous system arousal. However, irregular respiration patterns and deep breaths can cause EDA fluctuations that are difficult to distinguish from genuine arousal-related SCRs, presenting a methodological challenge that increases the likelihood of false positives in SCR analyses. Thus, it is crucial to identify respiration-related artifacts in EDA data. Here we developed a novel and freely distributed MATLAB toolbox, Breathe Easy EDA (BEEDA). BEEDA is a flexible toolbox that facilitates EDA visual inspection, allowing users to identify and eliminate respiration artifacts. BEEDA further includes functionality for EDA data analyses (measuring tonic and phasic EDA components) and reliability analyses for artifact identification. The toolbox is suitable for any experiment recording both EDA and respiration data, and flexibly adjusts to experiment-specific parameters (e.g., trial structure and analysis parameters).
The age of heterozygous telomerase mutant parents influences the adult phenotype of their offspring irrespective of genotype in zebrafish
Authors: Scahill Catherine M. , Digby Zsofia , Sealy Ian M. , White Richard J. , Wali Neha , Collins John E. , Stemple Derek L. , Busch-Nentwich Elisabeth M.
Published: February 2018

Background: Mutations in proteins involved in telomere maintenance lead to a range of human diseases, including dyskeratosis congenita, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cancer. Telomerase functions to add telomeric repeats back onto the ends of chromosomes, however non-canonical roles of components of telomerase have recently been suggested.

Methods: Here we use a zebrafish telomerase mutant which harbours a nonsense mutation intertto investigate the adult phenotypes of fish derived from heterozygous parents of different ages. Furthermore we use whole genome sequencing data to estimate average telomere lengths.

Results: We show that homozygous offspring from older heterozygotes exhibit signs of body wasting at a younger age than those of younger parents, and that offspring of older heterozygous parents weigh less irrespective of genotype. We also demonstrate thatterthomozygous mutant fish have a male sex bias, and that clutches from older parents also have a male sex bias in the heterozygous and wild-type populations. Telomere length analysis reveals that the telomeres of younger heterozygous parents are shorter than those of older heterozygous parents.

Conclusions: These data indicate that the phenotypes observed in offspring from older parents cannot be explained by telomere length. Instead we propose that Tert functions outside of telomere length maintenance in an age-dependent manner to influence the adult phenotypes of the next generation.
How skilled do Israeli nurses perceive themselves to be in providing palliative care? Results of a national survey
Authors: Feder Shelli L , Collett David , Haron Yafa , Conley Samantha , Meron Tikva , Cherny Nathan , Schulman-Green Dena
Published: February 2018

Background:

In Israel, palliative care (PC) services are limited. This study assessed Israeli nurses' perceived competencies and educational needs in providing PC.

Design:

Online administration of the End-of-Life Professional Caregiver Survey (EPCS).

Setting/subjects:

Oncology and PC nurses were identified through the Israel Ministry of Health and Oncology Nurses' Society.

Measurements:

Demographic and practice data were analysed using analysis of variance tests to determine differences between nurse characteristics by EPCS domains.

Results:

The sample (n=105) was 94% female, had a mean age of 48 years (SD=10.5) and 83% were Jewish Israeli. Thirty-nine percent reported PC training in nursing school and 42% felt their workplace provided little to no PC education and resources to nurses. Those with advanced degrees and those who received post-graduate PC training had higher mean scores across EPCS domains (p<0.05 for all).

Conclusions:

Nursing education and workplace support in PC for Israeli nurses are limited. It is hoped that these findings may inform future PC nursing education and policy in Israel.
Ensure your assessments are accurate and secure
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: February 2018

Recording and tracking children's progress effectively is key to fulfilling Ofsted's expectations. Karen Hart starts with initial assessments and flags up ways to ensure that all children are treated as individuals.
Right across the board
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: February 2018

Sal McKeown hears how touch screen technology provided by Promethean is helping children to build on their real life experiences, extending knowledge and giving them ICT skills in readiness for school.
Unspoken rules of play
Authors: Blank Jo , Matthews Gill
Published: February 2018

It is important to reflect on why some children have friends and play together and others do not. Jo Blank and Gill Matthews explore what affects popularity and suggest how staff can support children's relationships.
Under the hammer
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: February 2018

Woodwork is increasingly recognised as a great way to fuel children's confidence across all learning areas. Now Tinkering 4Kids is supporting this with real tools for young hands. Sal McKeown finds out more.
Anyone for chop sticks?
Authors: Chapman Ailsa
Published: February 2018

One child's cultural heritage sparked a captivating celebration of Chinese New Year, says Ailsa Chapman.
Cut, crumple, tear
Authors: White Hilary
Published: February 2018

Card, tissue, ‘metallic crinkle’, ‘lace’ and ‘mulberry’ papers are all unusual sheet materials that can open up a world of creative possibilities for children. Hilary White outlines her tried-and-tested techniques.
Cultivate well-being
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: February 2018

We're always encouraging our children to eat their greens so why not inspire them to get green-fingered and grow their own? It is a great way to fuel learning and boost the feel-good factor.
Children at work!
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: February 2018

It's important to understand how free play with ‘loose parts’ ensures children develop their all- important core strength and here Claire Hewson suggests strategies to maximise this.
Pulling together
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: February 2018

Claire Hewson suggests ways to use books and songs to help children understand the importance of working collaboratively. You can also explore how this cements friendships and stimulates well-being.
Hone your story
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: February 2018

As children become more confident about using tools and understanding safety rules in the woodwork area, link their projects to favourite books such as Stick Man and Owl Babies.
Let's hop to it!
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: February 2018

Telling stories with repetitive words or phrases is a recommendation in the EYFS, designed to encourage children's speaking skills. This is used to good effect in Brenda Williams' Easter poem.
Speaking of ‘paratexts’: A theoretical revisitation
Authors: Barker Martin
Published: February 2018

The concept of a ‘paratext’ has become widely accepted and used within fan studies, as an all-encompassing term for both official and unofficial productions associated with contemporary transmedia productions – to the point where some scholars are arguing for the dissolution of the boundary between ‘text’ and ‘paratext’. But although some excellent empirical work has been and is being done on the range and operations of particular paratextual networks, not many people adopting the concept have considered its meaning and implications in the work of its originator, Gerard Genette. This essay looks back at Genette’s work, and contrasts his ideas with a number of contemporary uses, before outlining (via some test cases from materials associated with Game of Thrones) a working conception of ‘paratextuality’.
Playing by the rules: Storium, Star Wars and ludic fandom
Authors: Booth Paul
Published: February 2018

The digital media environment encourages critical engagement with games and fandom. This article examines two media texts that exist at a nexus point between fandom, the media industries and gaming in order to develop an interpretation of ludic fandom. Storium is a collaborative storytelling system reliant on individuals writing characters and situations in a digital storyworld. The managed, ludic properties of Storium mean that while the collaboration is unrestricted, the actual story being told is limited to only certain actions and situations. Investigating Storium stories that develop around (un)licensed media properties, I show how the unfolding storyworld becomes a form of collaborative fan fiction, harnessing and channelling the creative power of fans. Star Wars Rebellion is an officially licensed Star Wars board game developed by Fantasy Flight Games. Like Storium, Star Wars Rebellion illustrates a ludic perception of an official media franchise storyworld. Unlike Storium, Star Wars Rebellion presents an officially licensed world that develops original storylines depending on how it is played. Star Wars Rebellion represents the media industries making a type of fan fiction. Ultimately, this article argues that a corporate hand in ludic fandom means that however playful fandom seems, it is always constrained by corporate interests as fans must ‘play by the rules’ to engage with playful, digital texts.
‘I read comics from a feministic point of view’: Conceptualizing the transmedia ethos of the Captain Marvel fan community
Authors: Freeman Matthew , Taylor-Ashfield Charlotte
Published: February 2018

The contemporary media industries may be thinking transmedially so to engage their audiences across multiple platforms, but it is not enough to assume that the creation of a coherent brand, narrative or storyworld is enough to explain the specificities and the reasons for why audiences choose (or choose not) to engage in transmedia activities. This article argues for the need to analyse the behaviours and motivations of a media-crossing audience according to a more fluid, ephemeral and value-laden transmedia ethos. Specifically, this article uses Captain Marvel – alongside a wide-scale online survey made up of over 200 of the character’s fans – as a case study for examining the politics of transmediality, demonstrating how the migration of the Captain Marvel fan base across multiple platforms and iterations of the character is based not on the lure of interconnected storytelling or world building, but is rather built up of a much more layered transmedia ethos based on feminism, alternativism and a digi-gratis economy.
New Music Theatre – work in/and progress
Authors: Roesner David
Published: February 2018

This editorial introduces issue 11.2 of Studies in Musical Theatre, a special issue focusing on international development opportunities for new music theatre. The editorial responds to the appointment of composers Daniel Ott and Manos Tsangaris as artistic directors of the 2016 Munich Biennale, an appointment that allowed them to introduce a curatorial approach to developing new work for the musical stage. The special issue itself proceeds to consider some of the work created for the 2016 Munich Biennale, alongside discussions of other comparable processes that have generated new music theatre work in various arenas.
Risk Factors, Attitude and Knowledge of Farmers in Controlling Anthrax
Authors: Martindah Eny
Published: February 2018

In terms of epidemiology, the distribution of anthrax globally remains enzootic, and is endemic in some parts of Indonesia. Contact with anthrax spores that present in meat, soil and grass can cause disease in both humans and animals. This paper describes risk factors causing high prevalence of anthrax, also attitude and knowledge of farmers’ community toward anthrax. Several risk factors that causing high prevalence of anthrax transmitted to humans are lack of farmers’ knowledge on anthrax, people's habit of slaughtering the sick animal and consuming the meat for economic reason. The knowledge of anthrax amongs farmer communities are influenced by education level, information sources, and professions. Farmers community knowledge in Indonesia towards anthrax is relatively low. Most farmers have wrong perception that anthrax is non-contagious disease. Control of anthrax in livestock and humans will be effective, if the community has better knowledge, attitude and good perception of disease. Interventions need to consider both technical and social (local knowledge and culture, as well as community behavior) factors to be appropriate and more acceptable to farmers and local communities.
Tight Integration of INS/Stereo VO/Digital Map for Land Vehicle Navigation
Authors: Liu Fei , Balazadegan Yashar , Gao Yang
Published: February 2018

This paper proposes a method for tight integration of IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), stereo VO (Visual Odometry) and digital map for land vehicle navigation, which effectively limits the quick drift of DR (Dead Reckoning) navigation
system. In this method, the INS provides the dynamic information of the land vehicle, which is used to predict the position and attitude of cameras in order to obtain the predicted pixel coordinates of features on the image. The difference between the measured and
predicted pixel coordinates is used to reduce the accumulated errors of INS. To implement the proposed method, an Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is first used to integrate the inertial and visual sensor data. The integrated solution of position,
velocity and azimuth is then applied by fuzzy logic map matching (MM) to project the vehicle location on the correct road link. The projected position on the road link and the road link azimuth can finally be used to reduce the dead reckoning drifts. In this way,
the accumulated system errors can be significantly reduced. The testing results indicate that the horizontal RMSE (root-mean-square-error) of the proposed method is less than 20 meters over a traveled distance of five kilometers and the relative horizontal error
is below 0.4 percent.
Repactuar o romance histórico e a ficção biográfica: sobre HHhH, de Laurent Binet
Authors: Charbel Felipe
Published: February 2018

O ensaio analisa o romance HHhH (2009), de Laurent Binet. Argumentase que o narrador apresenta um conjunto de cláusulas estipuladas como pré-condições para a reconstrução narrativa do passado histórico: esta deve ser escrupulosa, no sentido da fidelidade ao efetivamente acontecido, e ao mesmo tempo pictoriamente rica, um relato cheio de vida. Argumentase também que a encenação ficcional dos dilemas do narrador, a respeito da construção do relato, torna possível o engajamento do leitor em um produtivo diálogo interno. Tal diálogo permite a consideração, pelo leitor, dos termos da proposta radical de repactuação do romance histórico e da ficção biográfica, como figurada no romance.Palavras-chave: ficção histórica; ficção biográfica; literatura francesa.
Da esperança equilibrista à sujeira para todo lado: um passeio por canções de engajamento político – MPB e BRock (1970-1987)
Authors: Costa Fernando Muratori
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho focaliza três canções política e socialmente engajadas do rock nacional dos anos 1980: “Que país é esse”, da Legião Urbana, “Inútil”, do Ultraje a Rigor, e “Selvagem”, dos Paralamas do Sucesso. Num momento em que a censura não mais vivia seus dias de “áureos”, elas trazem uma linguagem explícita e feroz – debochada, ainda, no caso da segunda – para denunciar os problemas enfrentados pelo Brasil, que se tornaram muito claros após o fim da ditadura civil-militar. Analisei ainda, como traço comparativo, três canções social e politicamente engajadas do período ditatorial em questão – “Que as crianças cantem livres”, de Taiguara, “Apesar de você”, de Chico Buarque, e “O bêbado e a equilibrista”, de João Bosco e Aldir Blanc, na versão de Elis Regina. O principal foco do estudo comparativo entre as três últimas e as três primeiras é a ideia de horizonte de expectativa e espaço de experiência, sobretudo em relação à projeção de futuro dos dois grupos. A MPB acena com um futuro redentor de um presente corrompido, enquanto o rock já está “no futuro” e grita que ele não é nem de longe o que se prometeu.Palavras-chave: Rock nacional; MPB; crítica.
La chola en el imaginario de la ciudad: decolonialidad y resistencia en Los Andes bolivianos
Authors: Cárdenas Plaza Cleverth Carlos
Published: February 2018

El texto expone cómo la chola paceña, por medio de la fiesta popular del Gran Poder, logró revertir los estereotipos negativos que se urdieron acerca de ella. Especialmente, desde principios del siglo XX, cuando se desarrolló todo un discurso destinado a rezagar a su grupo social. Larson (2001), lo llamo el discurso del antimestizaje. Para revertir tales estereotipos, se usó el prestigio de la fraternidad y se mostró su potencial económico, mediante ello se ha reivindicado su lugar en la sociedad. Pero, sobre todo, impuso su vestimenta, su marcador étnico más visible, ante una sociedad que discrimina y racializa.
Physiological and Sport-Specific Comparison Between Division I and Division II Italian Male Field Hockey Players
Authors: Bartolomei Sandro , Nigro Federico , Gubellini Luca , Ciacci Simone , Merni Franco , Treno Filippo , Cortesi Matteo , Semprini Gabriele
Published: February 2018

Bartolomei, S, Nigro, F, Gubellini, L, Ciacci, S, Merni, F, Treno, F, Cortesi, M, and Semprini, G. Physiological and sport-specific comparison between Division I and Division II Italian male field hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3123–3128, 2019—The purpose of this study was to compare the anthropometric and performance profiles of Division I (D1) and Division II (D2) Italian field hockey players. Fifteen DI players and 15 D2 players (age = 25.4 ± 5.2 years; body mass = 78.5 ± 9.0 kg; and body height = 179.6 ± 7.8 cm) were assessed on one occasion for anthropometry, body composition, physiological measurements, and sport-specific skills. Differences between the 2 groups were evaluated using a 1-way analysis of variance. Pearson correlations were used to examine relationships between the different measurements. Significantly (p = 0.039) lower percentages of body fat were found on D1 group compared with D2 group (−3.5%). A significant difference between the groups were noted for shooting accuracy (p = 0.013), with the D1 group performing 14.5% better than the DII group. No significant differences between the groups were found for shooting speed (p = 0.103) and slalom and dribbling performances (p = 0.292 and p = 0.416, respectively). Physiological assessments did not show any significant differences between the groups. Large correlations (r = 0.73; p < 0.001) were found between shooting speed and accuracy. Moderate correlations were observed between the shooting speed and the hand grip strength, in particular of the left hand (r = 0.61; p = 0.007). Results of this study indicate that the difference between D1 and D2 players may be more related to technical factors than to physical fitness. Ball control, however, may not be a limiting factor in D2 players.
Discussion of “Correlations for Fully Softened Shear Strength Parameters” by B. A. Castellanos, T. L. Brandon, and D. R. VandenBerge, This Article Was Published in Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2016. [DOI: 10.1520/GTJ20150184]
Authors: O’Meara Thomas J.
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the authors criticize the use of a torsional ring shear device for measuring the fully softened strength (FSS) of fine-grained soils based on problematic ring shear data from Castellanos (2014). This is unfortunate and necessitated taking important time and energy to write this discussion. I have over 26 years of commercial soil testing experience while managing the Woodward-Clyde Consultants and AECOM Technical Services Laboratory in Santa Ana, California. I started performing Bromhead torsional ring shear tests to measure the residual strength (RS) of shear surfaces for landslides in 1991. As Professor Stark expanded his shear strength correlations and the geotechnical engineering practice embraced the use of FSS in stability analyses, I started using the Bromhead torsional ring shear device for FSS testing in 2009. The RS and FSS tests are performed in accordance with ASTM D6467, Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Residual Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils, and ASTM D7608, Standard Test Method for Torsional Ring Shear Test to Determine Drained Fully Softened Shear Strength and Nonlinear Strength Envelope of Cohesive Soils (Using Normally Consolidated Specimen) for Slopes with No Preexisting Shear Surfaces, test methods, respectively.
Quantification and Compensation of CAM Errors in HSM
Authors: Msaddek El Bechir , Bouaziz Zoubeir , Dessein Gilles
Published: February 2018

To determine the numerical process imprecision of the complex shapes in high-speed machining, we must concentrate our study on computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) and computer-aided design (CAD) numerical models. At first, we define the theoretical prototype part in CAD. Then, the manufacturing software calculates the set of points and features of the tool orientations on the reference surface. However, we cannot always generate CAM machining trajectories that are identical to the theoretical contour. Depending on the complexity of the surface to be machined, CAM errors are generated between the theoretical contour and the machining trajectory. In this article, we proposed a quantification and a compensation tool of the CAM errors. In doing so, analytical models, which define the nodes of the tool-part contact, were developed. After that, a simulation tool based on a numerical calculation approach was structured. Finally, to compensate for the CAM errors in 2-D, the mirror method was used.
Cambodia in 2017
Authors: Croissant Aurel
Published: February 2018

After local elections in 2017, the Cambodian People’s Party intensified its attacks on free media, NGOs, and the Cambodian National Rescue Party. Meanwhile, stronger links to China and waning Western leverage are enabling Prime Minister Hun Sen to transform the post-1993 multiparty system into a patrimonial dictatorship. Cambodia enjoyed strong economic growth but saw little improvement in its weak institutional framework, in social justice, or in economic competitiveness.
North Korea in 2017
Authors: Shin Gi-Wook , Moon Rennie J.
Published: February 2018

Kim Jong Un continued to consolidate his power through personnel changes, and North Korean society saw increasing consumerism, along with signs of growing inequality. The economy did well through early 2017 but the subsequent effects of sanctions remained uncertain. North Korea conducted its first test of an intercontinental ballistic missile and its sixth nuclear test, triggering heated debate in the US and elsewhere about how to respond. Kim clearly is not going to give up working on weapons of mass destruction.
Leksičke osobitosti silbenskoga pučkog igrokaza Ki će mi šoldi dati
Authors: Vigato Ivica
Published: February 2018

U ovom radu autor pronalazi leksičke osobitosti u prigodnoj pučkoj drami Ki će mi šoldi dati pisca amatera Silbenjanina Artura Lukina. Drama je napisana silbenskim mjesnim govorom pedesetih godina dvadesetoga stoljeća. U drami su potvrđeni mnogi romanizmi, ali i drugi leksemi, od kojih su mnogi danas nestali iz jezičnoga sustava toga mjesnog govora.
Antigona od antike do postmodernizma – poimanje Sofoklova predloška u Kreontovoj Antigoni Mira Gavrana
Authors: Čudić Mirna
Published: February 2018

Članak je usredotočen na sagledavanje odjeka starogrčkoga mita o Antigoni iz pera tragičara Sofokla (5. st. pr. Kr.), kao genoteksta u njegovoj fenotekstualnoj preobrazbi unutar književno-povijesnoga konteksta modernističke i postmodernističke dramatike. Kao temeljni fenotekst izdvojena je Kreontova Antigona Mira Gavrana (1983.) uz mjestimična pozivanja na druga metatekstualna ostvarenja i reinterpretacije starogrčke tragedije, kako hrvatska tako i europska, kao što je Antigona Jeana Anouillha (1944.) te Antigona, kraljica u Tebi Tončija Petrasova Marovića (1981.). U vremenskome rasponu od antike do modernizma i postmodernizma, a na temelju izabranih dramskih komada, uočene su brojne varijacije u poimanju antigonijanskoga motiva. Dok se neke metatekstualne preradbe, poput Marovićeve Antigone, kraljice u Tebi, poigravaju krajem tragedije zamišljajući nastavak u kojemu se protagonistica promeće u beskrupuloznu vladaricu, neke se pak, poput Annouillheve Antigone, poigravaju stvarnom povijesnom ulogom Antigonine braće kao i (be)smislom tragedije kao dramske vrste. Ona, najkasnije nastala od sviju, Gavranova, poigrava se, naprotiv, samim autorstvom suprotstavljajući uzvišenomu antičkom svijetu umjetnosti, iznesenom u Sofoklovu predtekstu, apsurdni svijet distopije očitovan u Kreontovoj inačici događaja. Pozivajući se na tipologiju Slobodana Selenića temeljenu na koordinatnome sustavu s četiri pola i dvjema antitezama, red-pobuna i razum-strast, protagonistice Sofoklova genoteksta i triju metatekstova (u Marovića ulogu antičke Antigone preuzima tzv. mlada Antigona, Izmenina kći), stigmatizirane kao strastvene pobunjenice protiv poretka, paradoksalno zastupaju jedan viši red i razum, čime biva raskrinkan antagonist Kreont kao bezumnik i nesmotren vladar. Tri izdvojena sekundarna dramska teksta, u svojoj redefiniciji antičkog arhetipa, moglo bi se zaključno ustvrditi, osciliraju između afirmacije antičkih ideala te njihova ukalupljivanja u moderni kontekst potvrđujući tako svevremenost općeljudskih moralnih dvojbi između krhkosti i nepostojanosti ljudske pravde i pravosuđa te postojanosti ideala.
Osobna imena motivirana imenima ranokršćanskih mučenica
Authors: Dragić Helena
Published: February 2018

U radu se iznose podatci o dvadeset dvjema ranokršćanskim mučenicama i sveticama čijim su imenima motivirana osobna imena u Hrvata i drugih naroda. Ranokršćanskim (starokršćanskim, prvokršćanskim) mučenicama nazivaju se mučenice koje su nakon raspeća Isusa Krista do Nicejskoga sabora 325. godine podnijele mučeništvo svjedočeći vjeru Isusa Krista. Među hrvatskim osobnim ženskim imenima koja podrijetlo baštine prema imenima ranokršćanskih mučenica jesu Katarina, Barbara, Margareta, Felicita, Cecilija, Apolonija, Agata, Violeta, Valerija, Darija, Lucija, Agneza Rimska, Suzana, Serena (Vedrana), Filomena, Anastazija, Eufemija, Julijana i Doroteja. Od tih imena nastale su mnogobrojne izvedenice. U radu se najprije navode svete pomoćnice u nevoljama – sv. Katarina, sv. Barbara i sv. Margareta – a ostale ranokršćanske mučenice navode se dijakronijski po godinama mučeništva.
Frazemi sa sastavnicama bubanj, doboš, talambas i bubon iz perspektive hrvatsko-slovačke kontrastivne etnofrazeologije
Authors: Svítková Milina
Published: February 2018

Glazbene su izraze u različitim oblicima stoljećima čuvale i usavršavale sve civilizacije, pa ih se s potpunim pravom može smatrati značajnim vrelom znanja o načinu života, duhovnoj kulturi i estetskim vrijednostima čovjeka. U metaforičkome jeziku, posebno frazeologiji, stoga bilježimo i pojavu frazeoloških jedinica s glazbenom sastavnicom. U članku se uspoređuju hrvatske i slovačke frazeološke jedinice koje za sastavnicu imaju naziv najraširenije vrste membranofonih glazbenih instrumenta, odnosno imenovanja bubanj, doboš, talambas i bubon. Prikupljeni se frazemi analiziraju sa semantičkoga i etimološkoga aspekta. Posebna se pažnja posvećuje funkciji koju istraživane sastavnice imaju u oblikovanju cjelokupne slikovitosti frazema. U kontrastivnoj analizi odabranoga dijela frazeoloških fondova dvaju genetski srodnih jezika važno mjesto ima i određivanje stupnja frazeološke ekvivalencije.
Besjede o Besjedama
Authors: Galić Josip
Published: February 2018

Vuk-Tadija Barbarić, Marijana Horvat, Martina Kramarić, Andrea Radošević, Besjede fra Matije Divkovića, Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, 2016.
Suvremeni pristup književnosti
Authors: Vykhodtsev Juriy
Published: February 2018

Šimun Musa, Mirela Šušić, Marko Tokić. Uvod u metodiku, interpretaciju i recepciju književnosti. Zadar: Sveučilište u Zadru, 2015.
Atrialised right ventricular myxoma in a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly
Authors: John T-J. , Snyman H. W. , Janson J. , Pecoraro A. J. K.
Published: February 2018

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare entity affecting around 1 in 200,000 live births and accounts for less than 1% of congenital heart diseases. Ebstein’s anomaly with an associated right-sided myxoma is extremely rare, with only one other case report found in the literature. Previous reports have also noted cases of Ebstein’s anomaly associated with left-sided myxomas. We describe a female patient with, to our knowledge, the first case of a histopathologically confirmed right ventricular myxoma in the setting of Ebstein’s anomaly.
DrosophilaLarval Brain Neoplasms Present Tumour-Type Dependent Genome Instability
Authors: Rossi Fabrizio , Attolini Camille Stephan-Otto , Mosquera Jose Luis , Gonzalez Cayetano
Published: February 2018

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variants (CNVs) are found at different rates in human cancer. To determine if these genetic lesions appear in Drosophila tumors we have sequenced the genomes of 17 malignant neoplasms caused by mutations in l(3)mbt, brat, aurA, or lgl. We have found CNVs and SNPs in all the tumors. Tumor-linked CNVs range between 11 and 80 per sample, affecting between 92 and 1546 coding sequences. CNVs are in average less frequent in l(3)mbt than in brat lines. Nearly half of the CNVs fall within the 10 to 100Kb range, all tumor samples contain CNVs larger that 100 Kb and some have CNVs larger than 1Mb. The rates of tumor-linked SNPs change more than 20-fold depending on the tumor type: at late time points brat, l(3)mbt, and aurA and lgl lines present median values of SNPs/Mb of exome of 0.16, 0.48, and 3.6, respectively. Higher SNP rates are mostly accounted for by C > A transversions, which likely reflect enhanced oxidative stress conditions in the affected tumors. Both CNVs and SNPs turn over rapidly. We found no evidence for selection of a gene signature affected by CNVs or SNPs in the cohort. Altogether, our results show that the rates of CNVs and SNPs, as well as the distribution of CNV sizes in this cohort of Drosophila tumors are well within the range of those reported for human cancer. Genome instability is therefore inherent to Drosophila malignant neoplastic growth at a variable extent that is tumor type dependent.