bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An investigation into how creativity is maintained by graphic designers in a digital environment with specific reference to design practice
Authors:   , Human Nic
Published: September 2021

The primary objective of this study was to find out how practising graphic designers maintain creativity in a digital environment. The study also investigated three factors that may positively influence their creativity. First, whether practising creative experimentation outside commercial constraints positively impacts a designer's ability to produce creative design. Second, how drawing assists original design. Third, whether enriching sensory stimulation helps graphic designers maintain creativity. An action research method was used. The project reviewed current literature and gathered empirical data through qualitative interviews and a workshop. In addition, a practical component was developed that consisted of drawings made from observation, drawings as concept experiments and examples of a commercial design and illustration. Results proved that creativity is a multifaceted phenomenon, and it plays a pivotal role in contemporary graphic design. The three factors, practising creative experimentation, drawing, and sensory enrichment, proved to be beneficial to the creative abilities of graphic designers. The study concluded by acknowledging the challenges of the digital era within the field, and the importance for practising graphic designers to maintain creativity.
A linguistic relativity appraisal of an African drama : the lion and the jewel
Authors:   , Adekunle Oluwakemi Temitope
Published: September 2021

This research is designed to assess the validity of the Sapir Whorf hypothesis in relation to the linguistic and cultural notions of the Yoruba and Zulu language speakers’ via the evaluation of the culture enriched drama text The Lion and The Jewel by Wole Soyinka. The study, which uses both questionnaires and interviews to derive responses from participants, engages both the primary and secondary data throughout the chapters. The study queried both the hypothesis’ strong version, (language governs thought: linguistic classifications restrain and influence mental classifications); and its weak version, (linguistic classifications and their use influence thought as well as some other classes of non-linguistic activities) and their possible reliability. Participants’ ages were between 16 and 46 years old who all speak both English and isiZulu (isiZulu-speaking participants) and English and Yoruba (Yoruba-speaking participants). Questionnaires were used and interviews were conducted, the research questions were answered and the findings provided support for validity of the linguistic relativity hypothesis, that is, languages indeed influence thought. The findings also revealed that linguistic influence on cognition is not limited to different language speakers alone, but also same language speakers per level of exposure to other languages and concepts. Based on these findings, recommendations have been made. Among which is the soliciting more research on language and culture (acculturation and enculturation) such that societal peace, love, unity and development can be maintained and promoted in any monolingual, bilingual or multilingual society. Also, educators should be aware of the possibility of a psycholinguistic influence on thought and assimilate it into schools’ curriculum so that multiculturation is fully adopted and promoted in the schools.
The impact of medium of instruction on the learning of computer applications technology in tertiary education
Authors:   , Els Lorraine
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the impact of medium of instruction (MOI) on the learning of computer technology, and took place in two second-language contexts where this was being taught. The first context was that of Computer Applications Technology (CAT) lectures given to isiZulu-speaking students, mainly female, in KwaZulu-Natal. The second context was that of teaching Instructional Technology (IT) to Arabic speaking students in the Middle East. The goal of this research was to understand how students overcame any language barriers which they might face in the teaching and learning of computer technology through the medium of English. It was hoped that the insights gained might be used to support English second language (ESL) learners in acquiring the language skills necessary for effective learning of computer technology. The research approach used was action research for both the groups, using the data collected to construct two case studies, as local customs resulted in differences in both course delivery and measures to assist ESL learners to gain fluency in the MOI. Data were collected in two case studies, comprising notes of personal reflections, field notes, researcher-developed questionnaires and comparisons of translated assessments to second language learners. The finding from two groups could then be compared and contrasted with each other to see which language barriers experienced in learning computer technology were common to both ESL groups and which were context-specific, as well as which context-specific factors might be involved. The study of different cultural groups in the setting of a different continent provided the opportunity to triangulate the data, and thus achieve more reliability and validity than would be achieved with one cultural group in a common context. This study discusses the findings of the above-mentioned investigation in two main areas: how the MOI affected the academic results obtained by students and how it impacted on their learning capacity. The findings confirm the fact that, the earlier children attend an English medium school, the easier it is for them to achieve better results, and therefore there is less need for translation or interpretation at tertiary level. Further research is required to determine what Higher Education institutions could do to develop second language learning competences so as to facilitate the learning of technical subjects such as computer technology.
ASMA EN NIÑOS: UNA REVISIÓN EN TORNO A LOS CAMBIOS EN SU TRATAMIENTO
Authors: Vega-Briceño Luis Enrique
Published: September 2021

El asma leve-moderada representa la mayor proporción de niños y adolescentes con asma en el mundo. Durante más de 25 años el tratamiento del asma permaneció invariable en torno al uso de controladores y rescatadores. Recientemente, diversas guías clínicas y sociedades científicas publicaron actualizaciones en torno al tratamiento de los pasos 1, 2 y 3 según GINA; existiendo diferencias y coincidencias entre ellas, a pesar de usar la misma evidencia publicada disponible. Este artículo de revisión se enfoca en tres guías clínicas qué por su popularidad y fácil acceso, son consultadas por diversos profesionales de la salud mostrando los principales cambios introducidos respecto a su edición previa y analizando brevemente la evidencia que existe detrás de estas recomendaciones. Finalmente se presenta un análisis de las principales limitaciones, contradicciones y aspectos aún por resolver.
TRAQUEOMALACIA, DIAGNÓSTICO Y ALTERNATIVAS TERAPÉUTICAS
Authors: León C. Agustín
Published: September 2021

La traqueomalacia (TM) consiste en una excesiva colapsabilidad traqueal debida a una anomalía estructural del cartílago y/o de la pared membranosa posterior. Cuando se extiende a uno o ambos bronquios principales se denomina traqueobroncomalacia (TBM). Considerando diferentes clasificaciones, la mayoría de las TM son adquiridas, localizadas e intratorácicas. El diagnóstico clínico es difícil porque los síntomas son inespecíficos y se superponen con los de otras enfermedades respiratorias crónicas. Los síntomas más frecuentes incluyen estridor espiratorio, tos perruna e infecciones respiratorias recurrentes, en los casos más graves se presentan episodios de dificultad respiratoria severa, cianosis e incluso muerte súbita. La fibrobroncoscopía sigue siendo el método diagnóstico estándar de oro, complementándose con la tomografía computarizada que es esencial en la visualización de las estructuras adyacentes a la vía aérea. En los casos leves el tratamiento es conservador, considerando la resolución espontánea de la mayoría de los casos hacia los 2 años de edad. En los pacientes más sintomáticos la estrategia terapéutica se debe evaluar caso a caso, siendo la presión positiva contínua en vía aérea (no invasiva o invasiva por traqueostomía) el tratamiento más utilizado. En las TM-TBM más severas, entre posibles tratamientos que incluyen cirugía traqueal y prótesis en la vía aérea, lo más usado es aortoarteriopexia y traqueopexia, a la espera de resultados promisorios de mallas endoluminales biodegradables y prótesis reabsorbibles personalizadas impresas en 3D.
El Arte de cozina […] de Montiño (1611): dos ediciones valencianas de 1705 y dos ediciones fantasma
Authors: Soto García Ángel
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN:
En este trabajo revisamos las estampaciones del recetario áureo de Francisco Martínez Montiño, eliminando dos ediciones fantasma y añadiendo una edición valenciana.
ABSTRACT:
In this research I aim to revise the list of editions of the Spanish Golden Ages recipe book by Francisco Martínez Montiño, removing two ghosts editions and adding an edition from Valencia.
The Potential Effects of Biden’s Infrastructure Bill on the American Economy
Authors: Kilanko Victor
Published: September 2021

With the world still battling COVID-19 and the attendant effect on the economy, the almost new President Biden’s administration proposed the Build Back Better agenda to get America and Americans working again. This paper is written to address the effect of the proposed infrastructure bill on the American economy. Comparison is drawn between the infrastructure bill and Franklin D. Roosevelt’s new deal before World War II. It is understood that the bill may increase inflation because of the effect of expected inflation, but the bill may also increase aggregate demand and aggregate supply which will be of overall net benefit to the economy.
Mycophenolate Mofetil (Cellcept) Induced Pneumonitis: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Udoete Iboro , Orjioke Ngozika , Okobi Okelue Edwards , Onuegbu Chinwendu
Published: September 2021

Mycophenolate is used to treat several disease conditions. Several side effects have been reported in several reported cases; however, a few other side effects have been underreported, for example, post-transplant pneumonitis. This case demonstrates suspected mycophenolate-associated pneumonitis, which was masked by the concurrent immune-modulatory drugs that the patients were taking. The pneumonitis became evident after the withdrawal of the immune drugs. This seldomly reported pneumonitis and mycophenolate association calls for further vigilance and a high index of suspicion by physicians when pneumonitis develops in patients taking this valuable medication.
Hepatic lipidosis in fattening turkeys: A review
Authors: Abd El-Wahab Amr , Chuppava Bussarakam , Radko Dimitri , Visscher Christian
Published: September 2021

The conditions on turkey fattening farms, including management, housing, and feeding, have been constantly improved recently in favour of animal health. Many studies deal scientifically with poultry health. However, specifically concerning liver health, there are still open questions regarding the influence of dietary factors on the metabolism and function of the liver. Consideration of the factors that could influence and alter liver metabolism is therefore of critical relevance. The liver, as a major metabolic organ, is the main site of fat synthesis in turkeys. Under certain conditions, fat can excessively accumulate in the liver and adversely affect the birds’ health. The so-called hepatic lipidosis (HL) in fattening turkeys has been known for years. This disease has unacceptable economic and animal welfare impacts, with high animal losses up to 15% within only a few days. To date, little is known about the causes and the metabolic changes in fattening turkeys leading to HL despite the increasing focus on health management and animal welfare. To understand what is different in turkeys compared to other species, it is necessary to discuss the metabolism of the liver in more detail, including HL-associated gross and microscopic lesions. In the current review, aspects of liver structure and lipid metabolism with special regard to lipogenesis are explained to discuss all dietary factors attributing to the development and prevention of HL. As part of the prevention of the HL, dietetics measures can be helpful in the future.
Calculating Consequences of Road Accidents for Public Administering and Strategic Management of Road Transport
Authors: GURZHII Taras , GURZHII Anna , TIMASHOV Victor , ZAPOTOTSKA Olena , OLIINYK Oleh
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the economic aspect of motor traffic safety on roadways. Relevant problems on calculating economic losses related to road accidents are outlined. The importance of accurate determining of social and economic parameters of motor road accidents has been emphasized on.
How to Analyze Risk Factors in Marathons Events? The lesson for Large-scale Running Events’ Organizers
Authors: ŁUCZAK Jacek , MIŚNIAKIEWICZ Małgorzata
Published: September 2021

The complexity of the project and the uncertainty related to its unique character are important factors affecting the risk associated with the implementation of a given project. The subjects of the analysis were the risk factors related to the organization of marathons classified as mass sports events.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI ENSIKLOPEDIA GORONTALO BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Azwar Azwar , Hapulu Alfia A , Faisal Muh
Published: September 2021

Keragaman budaya dan adat istiadat yang dimiliki oleh Gorontalo memiliki ciri khas tersendiri. Suku Gorontalo yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama islam sangatlah mempengaruhi kehidupan budaya mereka. Dijaman serba modern sekarang ini, perkembangan kesenian tradisional mulai menurun. Munculnya tanda-tanda kepunahan budaya lokal tidak lain karena mulai menurunnya ketertarikan generasi muda terhadap tradisi dan budaya lokal. Saat ini sudah semakin banyak budaya barat yang masuk dan diadopsi oleh masyarakat Gorontalo yang pada waktu bersamaan akan berbenturan dengan budaya lokal. Menyikapi hal ini maka perlu dilakukan revitalisasi dan pelestarian kembali warisan budaya dan kesenian tradisional Gorontalo. Memperbanyak media informasi budaya lokal dan kesenian tradisional yang mudah diakses adalah salah satu upaya untuk promosi dan pelestarian budaya lokal dan kesenian tradisional Gorontalo. Alternative lain yang bisa dilakukan untuk tetap mempertahankan budaya lokal dan kesenian tradisional yaitu dengan digitalisasi warisan budaya lokal. Salah satu teknologi yang bisa digunakan untuk tetap bisa melestarikan kebudayaan tersebut yaitu dengan teknologi smartphone. Teknologi smartphone sudah merambah semua kalangan, tidak terkecuali pada anak-anak. Android adalah salah satu sistem operasi yang saat ini banyak digunakan pada perangkat mobile. Dari hasil pembuatan aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat digunakan oleh semua kalangan baik anak-anak maupun pemuda gorontalo untuk lebih mengetahui tentang budaya, adat istiadat, kesenian cagar budaya dan makanan khas gorontalo
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENILAIAN KINERJA APARATUR DESA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ADDITIVE RATIO ASSESSMENT (ARAS) PADA KANTOR DESA KOTARAJA
Authors: Hamria Hamria , Azwar Azwar
Published: September 2021

Penyelenggaraan pemerintah desa akan tersusun dan semakin terarah lebih baik bahkan lebih maju apabila kinerja segenap aparatur desa dalam memberikan pelayanan tidak lambat, tidak berbelit- belit dan tidak formalitas, sehingga masyarakat merasa kepentingannya dapat terlayani dengan baik dan bersih dari unsur-unsur Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme (KKN). Kepala Desa Kotaraja harus mampu untuk mengatur dan mengarahkan para aparatur untuk melaksanakan pelayanan pemerintahan yang bermutu. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh kepala desa untuk meningkatkan pelayanan yang bermutu yaitu dengan melakukan penilaian kinerja aparatur pemerintah desa. Proses penilaian kinerja aparatur desa yang ada di desa Kotaraja saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual pada lembar penilaian dan masih bersifat subyektif, karena belum ada  aspek-aspek  penilaian yang digunakan dalam penilaian kinerja sehingga proses penilaiannya menjadi lambat dan tidak akurat. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan penilaian kinerja ini maka perlu dilakukan pembaharuan sistem dengan dukungan aplikasi komputer, sehingga proses penilaian menjadi lebih cepat dan lebih akurat. Adapun system yang dimaksud disini adalah system pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu proses pengambilan keputusan suatu masalah sehingga keputusan yang diberikan atau dihasilkan diharapkan dapat memenuhi batasan yang ditentukan, selain menggunakana system pendukung keputusan dalam penelitian ini juga digunakan Metode Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) yang merupakan salah satu metode pengambilan keputusan multikriteria berdasarkan pada konsep perangkingan menggunakan utility degree yaitu dengan membandingkan nilai indeks keseluruhan setiap alternatif terhadap nilai indeks keseluruhan alternatif optimal
Technical note: Dispersion of cooking-generated aerosols from an urban street canyon
Authors: Gao Shang , Kurppa Mona , Chan Chak K. , Ngan Keith
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The dispersion of cooking-generated aerosols from an urban street canyon is examined with building-resolving computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Using a comprehensive urban CFD model (PALM) with a sectional aerosol module (SALSA), emissions from deep frying and boiling are considered for near-ground and elevated sources. It is found that, with representative choices of the source flux, the inclusion of aerosol dynamic processes decreases the mean canyon-averaged number concentration by 15–40 % for cooking emissions, whereas the effect is significantly weaker for traffic-generated aerosols. The effects of deposition and coagulation are comparable for boiling, but coagulation dominates for deep frying. Deposition is maximised inside the leeward corner vortices, while coagulation increases away from the source. The characteristic timescales are invoked to explain the spatial structure of deposition and coagulation. In particular, the relative difference between number concentrations for simulations with and without coagulation are strongly correlated with the ageing of particles along fluid trajectories or the mean tracer age.
Supercooled liquid water and secondary ice production in Kelvin–Helmholtz instability as revealed by radar Doppler spectra observations
Authors: Li Haoran , Korolev Alexei , Moisseev Dmitri
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Mixed-phase clouds are globally omnipresent and play a major role in the Earth's radiation budget and precipitation formation. The existence of liquid droplets in the presence of ice particles is microphysically unstable and depends on a delicate balance of several competing processes. Understanding mechanisms that govern ice initiation and moisture supply are important to understand the life cycle of such clouds. This study presents observations that reveal the onset of drizzle inside a ∼ 600 m deep mixed-phase layer embedded in a stratiform precipitation system. Using Doppler spectral analysis, we show how large supercooled liquid droplets are generated in Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) instability despite ice particles falling from upper cloud layers. The spectral width of the supercooled liquid water mode in the radar Doppler spectrum is used to identify a region of increased turbulence. The observations show that large liquid droplets, characterized by reflectivity values larger than −20 dBZ, are generated in this region. In addition to cloud droplets, Doppler spectral analysis reveals the production of columnar ice crystals in the K–H billows. The modeling study estimates that the concentration of these ice crystals is 3–8 L−1, which is at least 1 order of magnitude higher than that of primary ice-nucleating particles. Given the detail of the observations, we show that multiple populations of secondary ice particles are generated in regions where larger cloud droplets are produced and not at some constant level within the cloud. It is, therefore, hypothesized that K–H instability provides conditions favorable for enhanced droplet growth and formation of secondary ice particles.
Impact of dust addition on Mediterranean plankton communities under present and future conditions of pH and temperature: an experimental overview
Authors: Gazeau Frédéric , Ridame Céline , Van Wambeke France , Alliouane Samir , Stolpe Christian , Irisson Jean-Olivier , Marro Sophie , Grisoni Jean-Michel , De Liège Guillaume , Nunige Sandra , Djaoudi Kahina , Pulido-Villena Elvira , Dinasquet Julie , Obernosterer Ingrid , Catala Philippe , Guieu Cécile
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In low-nutrient low-chlorophyll areas, such as the Mediterranean Sea,
atmospheric fluxes represent a considerable external source of nutrients
likely supporting primary production, especially during periods of
stratification. These areas are expected to expand in the future due to
lower nutrient supply from sub-surface waters caused by climate-driven
enhanced stratification, likely further increasing the role of atmospheric
deposition as a source of new nutrients to surface waters. Whether plankton
communities will react differently to dust deposition in a warmer and
acidified environment remains; however, an open question. The potential
impact of dust deposition both in present and future climate conditions was
investigated in three perturbation experiments in the open Mediterranean
Sea. Climate reactors (300 L) were filled with surface water collected in
the Tyrrhenian Sea, Ionian Sea and in the Algerian basin during a cruise
conducted in the frame of the PEACETIME project in May–June 2017. The
experiments comprised two unmodified control tanks, two tanks enriched with
a Saharan dust analogue and two tanks enriched with the dust analogue and
maintained under warmer (+3 ∘C) and acidified (−0.3 pH
unit) conditions. Samples for the analysis of an extensive number of
biogeochemical parameters and processes were taken over the duration (3–4 d)
of the experiments. Dust addition led to a rapid release of nitrate and
phosphate, however, nitrate inputs were much higher than phosphate. Our
results showed that the impacts of Saharan dust deposition in three
different basins of the open northwestern Mediterranean Sea are at least as
strong as those observed previously, all performed in coastal waters. The
effects of dust deposition on biological stocks were different for the three
investigated stations and could not be attributed to differences in their
degree of oligotrophy but rather to the initial metabolic state of the
community. Ocean acidification and warming did not drastically modify the
composition of the autotrophic assemblage, with all groups positively
impacted by warming and acidification. Although autotrophic biomass was more
positively impacted than heterotrophic biomass under future environmental
conditions, a stronger impact of warming and acidification on mineralization
processes suggests a decreased capacity of Mediterranean surface plankton
communities to sequester atmospheric CO2 following the deposition of
atmospheric particles.
On the determination of ionospheric electron density profiles using multi-frequency riometry
Authors: McKay Derek , Vierinen Juha , Kero Antti , Partamies Noora
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Radio wave absorption in the ionosphere is a function of electron density, collision frequency, radio wave polarisation, magnetic field and radio wave frequency. Several studies have used multi-frequency measurements of cosmic radio noise absorption to determine electron density profiles. Using the framework of statistical inverse problems, we investigated if an electron density altitude profile can be determined by using multi-frequency, dual-polarisation measurements. It was found that the altitude profile cannot be uniquely determined from a complete measurement of radio wave absorption for all frequencies and two polarisation modes. This implies that accurate electron density profile measurements cannot be ascertained using multi-frequency riometer data alone, but that the reconstruction requires a strong additional a priori assumption of the electron density profile, such as a parameterised model for the ionisation source. Nevertheless, the spectral index of the absorption could be used to determine if there is a significant component of hard precipitation that ionises the lower part of the D region, but it is not possible to infer the altitude distribution uniquely with this technique alone.
Multi-decadal geomorphic changes of a low-angle valley glacier in the East Kunlun Mountains: remote sensing observations and detachment hazard assessment
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Liu Lin , Hu Yan , Wu Tonghua , Zhao Lin , Liu Qiao , Zhang Rui , Zhang Bo , Liu Guoxiang
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Detachments of large parts of low-angle mountain glaciers in
recent years have raised great attention due to their threats to lives and
properties downstream. While current studies have mainly focused on
post-event analysis, a few opportunities have presented themselves to assess
the potential hazards of a glacier prone to detachment. Here we present a
comprehensive analysis of the dynamics and runout hazard of a low-angle
(∼20∘) valley glacier, close to the Qinghai–Tibet
railway and highway, in the East Kunlun Mountains on the Qinghai–Tibet
Plateau. The changes in morphology, terminus position, and surface elevation
of the glacier between 1975 and 2021 were characterized with a stereo-image
pair from the historical KH-9 spy satellite, six digital elevation models
(DEMs), and 11 high-resolution images from Planet Labs. The surface flow
velocities of the glacier tongue between 2009 and 2020 were also tracked
based on cross-correlation of Planet images. Our observations show that the
glacier snout has been progressively advancing in the past 4 decades,
with a stepwise increase in advance velocity from 4.55±0.46ma-1 between 1975 and 2009 to 30.88±2.36ma-1 between 2015 and 2020. DEM differencing confirms the
glacial advance, with surface thinning in the source region and thickening
in the tongue. The net volume loss over the glacier tongue was about
11.21±2.66×105 m3 during 1975–2018. Image
cross-correlation reveals that the surface flow velocity of the glacier
tongue has been increasing in recent years, with the mean velocity below
4800 m more than tripling from 6.3±1.8ma-1 during
2009–2010 to 22.3±3.2ma-1 during 2019–2020. With
a combined analysis of the geomorphic, climatic, and hydrologic conditions
of the glacier, we suggest that the flow of the glacier tongue is mainly
controlled by the glacier geometry, while the presence of an ice-dammed lake
and a supraglacial pond implies a hydrological influence as well. Taking the
whole glacier and glacier tongue as two endmember avalanche sources, we
assessed the potential runout distances of these two scenarios using the
angle of reach and the Voellmy–Salm avalanche model. The assessments show
that the avalanche of the whole glacier would easily travel a distance that would threaten the safety of the railway. In contrast, the detachment of the
glacier tongue would threaten the railway only with a small angle of reach
or when employing a low-friction parameter in the Voellmy–Salm modeling.
High-resolution topography of the Antarctic Peninsula combining the TanDEM-X DEM and Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) mosaic
Authors: Dong Yuting , Zhao Ji , Floricioiu Dana , Krieger Lukas , Fritz Thomas , Eineder Michael
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The Antarctic Peninsula (AP) is one of the widely studied
polar regions because of its sensitivity to climate change and potential
contribution of its glaciers to global sea level rise. Precise digital elevation models (DEMs) at a high
spatial resolution are much demanded for investigating the complex glacier
system of the AP at fine scales. However, the two most recent
circum-Antarctic DEMs, the 12 m TanDEM-X DEM (TDM DEM) from bistatic interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)
data acquired between 2013 and 2014 and the Reference Elevation Model of
Antarctica mosaic (REMA mosaic) at an 8 m spatial resolution derived from
optical data acquired between 2011 and 2017 have specific individual
limitations in this area. The TDM DEM has the advantage of good data
consistency and few data voids (approx. 0.85 %), but there exist residual
systematic elevation errors such as phase-unwrapping errors in the
non-edited DEM version. The REMA mosaic has high absolute vertical accuracy,
but on the AP it suffers from extended areas with data voids (approx. 8 %). To
generate a consistent, gapless and high-resolution topography product of the
AP, we fill the data voids in the TDM DEM with newly processed TDM raw DEM data
acquired in austral winters of 2013 and 2014 and detect and correct the
residual systematic elevation errors (i.e., elevation biases) in the TDM DEM
with the support of the accurately calibrated REMA mosaic. Instead of a
pixelwise replacement with REMA mosaic elevations, these provide
reference values to correct the TDM elevation biases over entire regions
detected through a path propagation algorithm. The procedure is applied
iteratively to gradually correct the errors in the TDM DEM from a large to
small scale. The proposed method maintains the characteristics of an InSAR-generated DEM and is minimally influenced by temporal or penetration
differences between the TDM DEM and REMA mosaic. The performance of the
correction is evaluated with laser altimetry data from Operation IceBridge
and ICESat-2 missions. The overall root mean square error (RMSE) of the
corrected TDM DEM has been reduced from more than 30 m to about 10 m which
together with the improved absolute elevation accuracy indicates comparable
values to the REMA mosaic. The generated high-resolution DEM depicts the
up-to-date topography of the AP in detail and can be widely used for
interferometric applications as well as for glaciological studies on
individual glaciers or at regional scales.
Natural climate variability is an important aspect of future projections of snow water resources and rain-on-snow events
Authors: Schirmer Michael , Winstral Adam , Jonas Tobias , Burlando Paolo , Peleg Nadav
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Climate projection studies of future changes in snow conditions and resulting rain-on-snow (ROS) flood events are subject to large uncertainties. Typically, emission scenario uncertainties and climate model uncertainties are included. This is the first study on this topic to also include quantification of natural climate variability, which is the dominant uncertainty for precipitation at local scales with large implications for e.g. runoff projections. To quantify natural climate variability, a weather generator was applied to simulate inherently consistent climate variables for multiple realizations of current and future climates at 100 m spatial and hourly temporal resolution over a 12 × 12 km high-altitude study area in the Swiss Alps. The output of the weather generator was used as input for subsequent simulations with an energy balance snow model. The climate change signal for snow water resources stands out as early as mid-century from the noise originating from the three sources of uncertainty investigated, namely uncertainty in emission scenarios, uncertainty in climate models, and natural climate variability. For ROS events, a climate change signal toward more frequent and intense events was found for an RCP 8.5 scenario at high elevations at the end of the century, consistently with other studies. However, for ROS events with a substantial contribution of snowmelt to runoff (>20 %), the climate change signal was largely masked by sources of uncertainty. Only those ROS events where snowmelt does not play an important role during the event will occur considerably more frequently in the future, while ROS events with substantial snowmelt contribution will mainly occur earlier in the year but not more frequently. There are two reasons for this: first, although it will rain more frequently in midwinter, the snowpack will typically still be too cold and dry and thus cannot contribute significantly to runoff; second, the very rapid decline in snowpack toward early summer, when conditions typically prevail for substantial contributions from snowmelt, will result in a large decrease in ROS events at that time of the year. Finally, natural climate variability is the primary source of uncertainty in projections of ROS metrics until the end of the century, contributing more than 70 % of the total uncertainty. These results imply that both the inclusion of natural climate variability and the use of a snow model, which includes a physically-based processes representation of water retention, are important for ROS projections at the local scale.
¿Cómo inciden en el rendimiento del juego de partidos de los niños las modificaciones del Mini Tenis de la LTA?
Authors: Fitzpatrick Anna , Davids Keith , Stone Joseph Antony
Published: September 2021

Algunas versiones modificadas del tenis, como Tennis Play and Stay y Mini Tennis (MT) se implementan en todo el mundo con el fin de influir sobre las conductas y el rendimiento de los niños. Sin embargo, no queda claro cómo las versiones modificadas del tenis dan forma a las conductas durante el juego de partidos. Analizamos 1010 puntos de partido, a través de cuatro etapas (MT Rojo, MT Naranja, MT Verde y Pelota Estándar, para investigar los efectos del MT en las conductas de rendimiento durante el juego de partidos por parte de los niños (Fitzpatrick, Davids y Stone, 2017). Los peloteos conMT Rojo y MT Naranja duraron más que los jugados con Pelota Estándar, lo cual indica que el MT puede proporcionar más oportunidades para que los niños desarrollen sus destrezas. También, los jugadores de MT ejecutaron un mayor porcentaje de golpes de derecha y un menor porcentaje de golpes de revés que aquellos jugadores que lo hicieron con la pelota estándar, lo cual indica un efecto no intencional y desequilibrado que ejercen las  modificaciones de la práctica sobre el desarrollo de las destrezas. Los resultados indican que los entrenadores deben considerar los efectos posibles sobre las conductas durante el juego de partidos a la hora de diseñar prácticas modificadas para jugadores junior.
Propuesta de planificación de torneos para un jugador junior
Authors: Peñalva Francisco j.
Published: September 2021

Este artículo propone un calendario de torneos durante una temporada para un jugador de dieciséis años que tiene un buen nivel de tenis. En esta propuesta se trata de primar los periodos de entrenamiento y ajustar los torneos al nivel de juego del tenista. Igualmente se valora la cercanía geográfica.
El análisis táctico en el tenis: desde sus orígenes a la actualidad
Authors: Martínez Rafael
Published: September 2021

Aunque los primeros estudios de análisis táctico datan de hace varias décadas, y las nuevas tecnologías han permitido un gran avance en este ámbito, la aplicación práctica de este tipo de análisis se ha llevado a cabo de una forma muy rudimentaria y sujeta a criterios subjetivos de los entrenadores. En este artículo se pretende, además de contextualizar y presentar una perspectiva histórica del análisis táctico, mostrar algunas de las herramientas disponibles hoy en día para llevar a cabo este análisis y exponer algunos ejemplos con una clara aplicación práctica.
Descripción de caracteristicas morfo-funcionales de jugadores de tenis junior
Authors: Celis Jorge Mauricio
Published: September 2021

La descripción de características morfo-funcionales en jugadores junior por medio de protocolos básicos y de fácil acceso que evalúen aspectos relevantes para el desempeño en el tenis ayudan al desarrollo y evolución de la preparación física y el entrenamiento deportivo.
Penerapan Prinsip Syariah Pada Akad Musyarakah Mutanaqishah Di Bank Syariah Dalam Bentuk Akta Notaris Yang Mengandung Klausula Eksonerasi
Authors: Nu'man Mohamad Hilal
Published: September 2021

The clauses contained in the sharia financing contract deed are clauses that have become the standard form in making the sharia financing contract deed. In making contracts in Islamic banking, in general, a standard format applies where a draft has been prepared by the bank. Almost all contracts, including muasyarakah mutanaqishah financing contracts, then the format or draft becomes the basis for making a musyarakah mutanaqishah financing contract deed made by a notary, for this reason it is necessary to study and analyze the standard clauses in the muasyarakah mutanaqishah financing contract which is made in the form of an authentic deed associated with the principle sharia, especially in the clause on Guarantees, Defaults and Consequences of Defaults. This study uses a normative juridical approach by examining literature or secondary data, is a descriptive legal research analysis in order to find data carefully and completely about the characteristics of a situation or symptoms that can help find the Exoneration Clause in the Musyarakah Mutanaqishah Contract at the Bank. Sharia in the Form of a Notary Deed Linked to Sharia Principles. In this study, it was found that the contract made did not show conformity with sharia principles in the musyarakah mutanaqishah financing contract which was made in the form of an authentic deed. Musyarakah mutanaqishah financing contracts in Islamic banking are linked to sharia principles which are made in the form of an authentic deed manifested in the form of an agreement and the things that are agreed upon are based on an agreement, in a contract ratified by a notary that must be achieved freely without coercion by inserting a clause into the contract. made in accordance with the interests of the parties as long as it does not result in falsehood.
Konsep “Pluralisme Agama” Dalam Al-Quran (Aplikasi Semiotika Roland Barthes Terhadap Qs. Al-Baqarah [2]: 62)
Authors: Rohman Abdul
Published: September 2021

This article discusses to the concept of “religion pluralism”in the Qurán which is found Q.S Al-Baqarah [2]: 62. This paper aims to answer several questions about how the application of Roland Barthes’ semiotics to the concept of “religious pluralism”in the Koran, display the message that the verse is trying to convey, the ideology he built and does the Koran admit the axistence of religious pluralism. The purpose of this paper is to seek knowledge about the structure of the text in Koran Al-Baqarah [2]: 62 and the message contained in the verse using Roland Barthes’ semiotic theori approach. The writing of this research uses a qualitative method based on a literature review. The results obtained in the verse are that Q.S Al-Baqarah [2]: 62 according to the linguistic sytem it is defined as adherents of heavenly religion and the only religion that will survive after tha prophet Muhammad was sent is Islam. While the mythological sytem is that the Koran acknowledges the existence of religious plurality, but does not recogniz the axistence of religious pluralism. The ideology is builds is religious exclusivity in the context of its interactions with other religious.
COVID-19’la Mücadelenin Aktif Özneleri Olarak Gençler: Salgına Karşı Dünyadan İyi Uygulama Örnekleri
Authors: ÖZATEŞ GELMEZ Özge Sanem
Published: September 2021

Amaç: COVID-19 salgını, pek çok nüfus grubu gibi gençlerin de fiziksel, zihinsel ve sosyal sağlıkları üzerinde göz ardı edilemeyecek büyüklükte bir tahribat yaratmıştır. Bu süreçte gençler salgın nedeniyle doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak yaşadıkları sorunların yanında, salgının yayılımının önlenmesi içinüzerlerine düşeni yerine getirmedikleri ve sorumsuzca davrandıkları ithamlarıyla da karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. Ancak gençler bir yandan sosyal hizmet ve sağlık çalışanları olarak salgına karşı yürütülen mücadelenin ön saflarında yer almış, öte yandan salgının yayılım hızını yavaşlatacak tedbirlerin alınmasından, salgına bağlı ortaya çıkan sorunların hafifletilmesine kadar oldukça geniş bir yelpazede iyi uygulama örneklerine imza atmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, gençlerin salgından nasıl etkilendikleri ve salgına karşı verilen mücadelede gençlerden nelerin beklendiği konuları tartışıldıktan sonra, gençler tarafından yürütülen iyi uygulama örneklerinin görünür kılınmasına odaklanılmaktadır. Böylece gençler hakkında bu süreçte yayılan olumsuz genellemelerin önüne geçmek ve salgınla mücadelede yürütülebilecek yeni uygulamalara ilham kaynağı yaratabilmek hedeflenmektedir.Sonuç ve öneriler: Bu çalışmada gençlerin dört kıta, on altı farklı ülkede salgına karşı yürüttüğü iyi uygulama örneklerine mercek tutulmuştur. Dünyanın pek çok yerinde gençler, salgına karşı sağlık ve sosyal hizmet alanında yürüttükleri özverili çalışmaların yanında kendilerinden beklenenin çok ötesinde bir çabayla salgının yayılım hızının yavaşlatılması ve insanların yaşamlarında olumlu değişimler yaratılabilmesi için yiyecek ve ilaç dağıtımı, yanlış bilgilerin düzeltilmesi, önleyici tedbirlerin yaygınlaştırılması gibi önemli uygulamalar gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Bu süreçte salgına karşı verilen mücadeleye hergün daha fazla sayıda gencin katılabilmesi için onların güçlerine ve becerilerine güvenilmesi ve çalışmalarının teşvik edilmesi önemlidir.
African and Native American foodways and resilience: From 1619 to COVID-19
Authors: Lunsford Lindsey , Arthur Melvin , Porter Christine
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is flooding and splitting “efficiency” fault lines in today’s industrialized food system. It also exploits centuries of historical traumas, White supremacy, and systemic racism to kill non-White people at triple the rates of Whites. In 1619, an English ship landed on the shores of the Powhatan confederacy, or, as the English called it, Point Comfort, Virginia. The ship delivered stolen people onto stolen land. This was a first step in founding today’s U.S. food system. Until that time, the people of North America and West Africa had lived off the land for millennia, foraging, hunting, and cultivating food. But 400 years ago, the twin European colonial influences of invasion and enslavement entwined the lives and, to some extent, the foodways of Native Americans and West Africans in what is now the U.S. Yet, these communities are still resilient. This paper offers re-stories about how African Ameri­can and Native American communities have adapted and maintained foodways to survive, thrive and renew, from 1619 to COVID-19. Methods include historical and literature reviews, interviews, and brief auto-ethnography. Even in the face of a pandemic, Native Ameri­can and African American communities still lever­age their foodways to survive and thrive. Some of these food system strategies also illustrate shifts that could be made in the United States food system to help everyone thrive.
Evaluation of generalized extreme value and Gumbel distributions for estimating maximum daily rainfall
Authors: Back Álvaro José , Bonfante Fernanda Martins
Published: September 2021

Extreme rain events can cause social and economic impacts in various sectors. Knowing the risk of occurrences of extreme events is fundamental for the establishment of mitigation measures and for risk management. The analysis of frequencies of historical series of observed rain through theoretical probability distributions is the most commonly used method. The generalized extreme value (GEV) and Gumbel probability distributions stand out among those applied to estimate the maximum daily rainfall. The indication of the best distribution depends on characteristics of the data series used to adjust parameters and criteria used for selection. This study compares GEV and Gumbel distributions and analyzes different criteria used to select the best distribution. We used 224 series of annual maximums of rainfall stations in Santa Catarina (Brazil), with sizes between 12 and 90 years and asymmetry coefficient ranging from -0.277 to 3.917. We used the Anderson–Darling, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), and Filliben adhesion tests. For an indication of the best distribution, we used the standard error of estimate, Akaike’s criterion, and the ranking with adhesion tests. KS test proved to be less rigorous and only rejected 0.25% of distributions tested, while Anderson–Darling and Filliben tests rejected 9.06% and 8.8% of distributions, respectively. GEV distribution proved to be the most indicated for most stations. High agreement (73.7%) was only found in the indication of the best distribution between Filliben tests and the standard error of estimate.
O slam como prática de letramento na escola
Authors: Alves Izandra , Verardi Fabiane , Souza Bruna Nathali
Published: September 2021

A produção artística do slam se apresenta como uma prática extraordinariamente democrática, englobando as notáveis mudanças provenientes das interações sociais atuais e todas variações que dela provieram. Uma vez que essa prática iniciou em grades centros urbanos e de certa forma se mantém assim, indica um caráter multifacetado e fluído, de forma que a maior parte dos registros desses eventos encontram-se através de narrativas dos participantes ou gravação das performances. A partir da análise desses registros e de materiais bibliográficos, nos propomos a discutir esse gênero. Considerando os conceitos de letramento literário e multiletramentos, também dissertamos sobre o afastamento juvenil da leitura, de forma a possibilitar que jovens encontrem nessa prática um espaço de protagonismo, de (re)descobertas e expressão da própria subjetividade, fazendo uso de temáticas próprias do slam ou criando suas próprias temáticas, pelas demandas apontadas a partir da própria realidade ou externas, através da escrita, oralidade e performance.
Carta aberta na escola: um olhar a partir da composição do gênero e da progressão tópica
Authors: Ross Huanna Sperb , Arnemann Aline Rubiane , Albiero Monize Pereira
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, refletimos sobre como o trabalho com a composição do gênero carta aberta e com a progressão tópica pode contribuir para práticas de produção textual escolares, pois consideramos essa articulação mais uma possibilidade de subsidiar o processo de escrita argumentativa. Como corpus de análise selecionamos, duas versões de uma carta aberta, produzida por um estudante terceiro ano de Ensino Médio. Passos analíticos: 1º) estrutura composicional do gênero carta aberta, 2º) disposição das pirâmides tópicas, os quais culminam na discussão sobre os objetos de análise. Um olhar para a carta aberta em sala de aula, com foco na composição do gênero, aliado à progressão tópica, constituiu-se um importante recurso para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de produção textual. Esperamos que esta reflexão possa embasar práticas pedagógicas e auxiliar no avanço da escrita escolar quanto à continuidade e coerência do texto, de modo que estratégias argumentativas sejam suficientemente exploradas.
RLBP Metodu ile Mamografi Görüntülerinin İncelenmesi ve Sınıflandırılması
Authors: KELEK Muhammed Mustafa , CENGİZ Enes , OĞUZ Yüksel , YÖNETKEN Ahmet
Published: September 2021

Göğüs kanseri dünya genelinde kadınlarda en çok karşılaşılan kanser türüdür. Günümüzde her kadının başına gelebilecek olan göğüs kanseri, erkeklerde de görülebilmektedir. Göğüs kanserinde insanların fiziksel ve zihinsel halleri çok etkilidir. Göğüs kanserine karşın tedbirli olabilmek için belirli aralıklarla göğüs dokularının incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu dokular, uzmanlar tarafından incelenmektedir. Ancak inceleme esnasında yapılan yanlış teşhisler tedavi sürecini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu sebeple, bu dokuların sayısal ortamda işlenip incelenmesi daha faydalı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, YSA ile göğüs kanserinin sınıflandırması yapılmıştır. Mamografi görüntüleri üzerinde Döndürülmüş Yerel İkili Örüntü (RLBP) metodu kullanılarak öznitelikler çıkarılmıştır. Bu öznitelikler, parametreleri belirlenmiş olan YSA aracılığı ile eğitilmiştir. Eğitim sonucunda iyi ve kötü huylu olarak sınıflandırılan ikili sınıflandırmada %87,82 ve Yağlı, Yağlı-Glandüler ve Yoğun-Glandüler olarak sınıflandırılan üçlü arka plan doku sınıflandırmasında %80,95 başarı oranı elde edilmiştir.