bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM GOTEJADORES EM FUNÇÃO DO TEOR DE FERRO
Authors: Brauer Rigléia Lima , Cruz Raimundo Leite , Bôas Roberto Lyra Villas , Pletsch Talita Aparecida
Published: January 2015

1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a variação de vazão em tubogotejadores NaanPC laranja e NaanPC azul em função  de precipitados químicos, ao longo do tempo de funcionamento, quando submetidos a uma água rica em ferro, avaliando-se especificamente o coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC) e o coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD). O experimento foi desenvolvido em uma bancada de ensaios para tubogotejadores no Laboratório de Ensaio de Equipamentos para Irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, localizado no município de Botucatu – SP. O experimento foi montado em esquema fatorial 2x2x7, sendo duas doses de Fe, dois modelos de gotejadores e sete tempos de funcionamento, com três repetições, totalizando 84 parcelas experimentais. Efetuou-se a análise de variância pelo teste F. As médias das vazões dos gotejadores foram comparadas pelo teste de T de Student a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados obtidos não apontaram diferença significativa nas diferentes doses de ferro. Entretanto, os resultados apontaram diferença significativa na interação gotejador x tempo e coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen (CUC). UNITERMOS: coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen(CUC), coeficiente de uniformidade de distribuição (CUD), entupimento de emissores.  BRAUER, R.L; CRUZ, R. L; VILLAS BÔAS, R. L.; PLETSCH, T. A.EVALUATION OFWATER APPLICATION UNIFORMITY IN DRIPPERSIN FUNCTION OF IRON CONTENT 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to study the occurrence of chemical precipitates effects in two types of drip hose (NaanPC orange and blue) due to chemical precipitation along the  operating time, when subjected to water rich in iron, specifically evaluating the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) and distribution uniformity (DU). The experiment was conducted in a test bench for  drip hose at Laboratory Test Equipment for Irrigation - Department of Agricultural Engineering, Sao Paulo State University. The experiment was a 2 x 2 x 7 factorial design, with two Fe doses, two drip brands, and seven operational times with three replicates, totalizing 84 experimental plots. The variance analysis was performed by F test. Average emitter discharges were compared by Student t test at 5% probability. The results showed no significant difference in iron doses. However, the results indicated significant differences in drip versus operational time and the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC).  KEYWORDS: Uniformity coefficient of Christiansen(CUC), distribution uniformity (DU), emitter clogging.
Pesquisa de oocistos de Isospora spp. em passeriformes criados em cativeiro
Authors: Silva Deuvânia Carvalho da , Homem Camila Guariz , Nakamura Alex Akira , Silva Valéria Cristina da , Meireles Marcelo Vasconcelos
Published: January 2015

O presente estudo teve como objetivo pesquisar, em longo prazo, a presença de oocistos de Isospora spp. em várias espécies de passeriformes, naturalmente infectadas, criadas em cativeiro. Foram colhidas 289 amostras em dois criatórios de passeriformes, onde houve comprovação prévia de infecção por Isospora, nos quais havia alojamento de várias espécies de passeriformes adultos. As amostras foram colhidas de forma individual, com periodicidade mensal, por 13 meses, purificadas em solução de Sheather e examinadas por microscopia. Das 289 amostras, 159 (55,02%) apresentaram positividade para oocistos de Isospora e 130 (44,98%) foram negativas. Na maioria das aves analisadas foi observada eliminação de oocistos, em pequena quantidade, intermitente e por período prolongado. Apesar de todas as aves apresentarem oocistos de Isospora nas fezes pelo menos uma vez, em um período de 13 meses, as aves não apresentaram isosporose clínica. Os resultados observados neste experimento fornecem dados para o controle da isosporose em passeriformes criados em cativeiro. As decisões sobre a realização de tratamento profilático ou curativo, assim como sobre medidas higiênico-sanitárias a serem adotadas devem levar em consideração não somente a presença de parasito em fezes, mas também a intensidade de eliminação de oocistos, ssim como a avaliação do manejo higiênico sanitário e nutricional e a presença de sinais clínicos e/ou de mortalidade.
Computed Tomograpy Venography diagnosis of iliocaval venous obstruction in advanced chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Rossi Fabio Henrique , Gama Carlos Alexandre Rosa , Fonseca Igor Yoshio Imagawa , Barros Keilyanne Jaira Ferreira , Rodrigues Thiago Osawa , Pinto Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco , Natividade João Alexandre , Izukawa Nilo Mitsuru
Published: January 2015

Objective:Iliocaval obstruction is associated with venous hypertension symptoms and may predispose to deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Ultrasonography may fail to achieve noninvasive diagnosis of these obstructions. The possibility of using Computed Tomography Venography (CTV) for these diagnoses is under investigation.Methods:Patients with CVI graded at CEAP clinical classes 3 to 6 and previous treatment failure underwent evaluation with CTV. Percentage obstruction was rated by two independent examiners. Obstruction prevalence and its associations with risk factors and CEAP classification were analyzed.Results:A total of 112 limbs were prospectively evaluated. Mean patient age was 55.8 years and 75.4% were women. Obstructions involved the left lower limb in 71.8% of cases and 35.8% of patients reported a medical history of deep venous thrombosis. Overall, 57.1% of imaging studies demonstrated venous obstruction of at least 50% and 10.7% showed obstruction of >80%. The only risk factor that was found to be independently associated with a significantly higher incidence of >50% venous obstruction was a medical history of DVT (p=0.035) (Fisher's exact test). There was a positive relationship between clinical classification (CEAP) and degree of venous obstruction in the limbs studied (Chi-square test for linear trend; p=0.011).Conclusion:Patients with advanced CVI are often affected by obstructions in the iliocaval venous territory and CTV is able to diagnose the degree of obstruction. There is a positive association between degree of obstruction and both previous history of DVT and severity of symptoms of CVI.
Crutch-related acute arterial thrombosis in upper limb: case report
Authors: Basílio Maurício dos Reis , Cantador Alex Aparecido , Molinari Giovani José Dal Poggetto , Menezes Fábio Hüsemann
Published: January 2015

Case report of an acute arterial obstruction in the upper limb secondary to thrombosis of the axillary artery caused by chronic use of crutches. The authors make a brief review of the literature and discuss it in relation to the present case.
Técnica de Doyle na correção de fratura completa em úmero de tucano (Ramphastos toco): relato de caso
Authors: Lima D.B.C. , Rodrigues M.C. , Lima D.A.S.D. , Lima W.C. , Quessada A.M. , Silva L.S.
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a realização de osteossíntese no úmero esquerdo de uma ave silvestre utilizando-se a técnica de Doyle. Um tucano (Ramphastos toco) sofreu uma fratura transversa completa no terço proximal do úmero esquerdo. Após avaliação clínica e procedimentos pré-operatórios, a ave foi submetida à osteossíntese. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada permitiu uma perfeita coaptação dos fragmentos ósseos, ocasionando a formação de calo ósseo e recuperação do membro afetado em um período curto de tempo, apresentando-se como opção eficaz na correção de fraturas do úmero em aves de médio porte.
Use of Triticum aestivum in open wound healing: a clinical, pathological, and tensiometric assessment in the rabbit model
Authors: Tillmann M.T. , Felix A.O.C. , Mueller E.N. , Felix S.R. , Alves G.H. , Ramos T.S. , Freitag R.A. , Fernandes C.G. , Nobre M.O.
Published: January 2015

While Triticum sp. has been shown to act in wound healing, stimulating collagen synthesis by fibroblasts, the use of this plant extract has yet to be assessed in vivo, in commercially viable presentations. This study used rabbits and assessed, on days seven, 14, and 21, the presence or absence of granulation tissue and epithelialization, histopathological structures, and scar quality through the breaking and tension strength. Treatments, performed for 21 days, were aqueous extract of T. aestivum at a concentration of 2mg/mL (group I) and 10mg/mL (group II) and a nonionic cream (control group). We demonstrate that the formation of granulation tissue was not significantly different between treatments. In the analysis of epithelial tissue, wounds in group II differed from other treatments by day 7. On days 14 and 21 there was no significant clinical difference between groups. In the histopathological evaluation, scar quality and rupture strength did not differ between the groups in the studied period. In the tension strength evaluation, group I differed from the others, presenting a higher tension strength overall. The studied treatments did not differ regarding healing evolution of the skin wounds, but T. aestivum extract, at 2mg/mL, presents better results in the tension strength evaluation.
Efeito da suplementação com Blocos Multinutricionais sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça de ovinos e caprinos na Caatinga
Authors: Cordão M.A. , Cezar M.F. , Cunha M.G.G. , Sousa W.H. , Pereira Filho J.M. , Lins B.S. , Menezes J.B.A. , Nóbrega G.H.
Published: January 2015

Este trabalho avaliou o desempenho e as características de carcaça e não constituintes de carcaça de ovinos e caprinos em área de caatinga, suplementados com blocos multinutricionais (BMs). O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Estação Experimental da EMEPA em Soledade, Paraíba, Brasil, de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com 3x2 tratamentos fatoriais (3 níveis de suplementação de animais em pastejo na caatinga: S1 = sal mineral; S2 = BMs; e S3 = BMs + feno de capim buffel, e duas espécies de animais: ovinos e caprinos) e dez repetições de um animal. Os ganhos de peso se mostraram mais elevados para os animais suplementados com sal mineral. Os ovinos obtiveram ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD=104,83g) e ganho de peso total (GPT=11,32kg) superior aos caprinos (GPMD=92,90g e GPT=10,04kg). O peso vivo ao abate (PVA), o peso da carcaça quente (PCQ) e fria (PCF) foram superiores para os animais suplementados com sal mineral. O peso corporal vazio (PCV), rendimento biológico (RB), rendimento comercial (RC), rendimento verdadeiro (RV) e perda por resfriamento (PPR) não foram afetados pelos níveis de suplementação. O PVA dos ovinos (PVA=27,62kg) superou o dos caprinos (PVA= 25,34kg), e o RB, RC e RV dos caprinos foram superiores aos dos ovinos. Houve efeito significativo (P<0,05) dos níveis de suplementação no rendimento (%) do peso do trato gastrintestinal cheio (TGIc), peso do trato gastrintestinal vazio (TGIv), fígado, coração e rins. A suplementação com blocos multinutricionais ou em conjunto com feno de baixa qualidade, para ovinos e caprinos sob pastejo direto na caatinga, com forragem em quantidade e qualidade satisfatórias, não resulta em ganhos produtivos significativos.
ATP-Bioluminescence as a method to evaluated microbiological quality of UHT milk
Authors: Cunha A.F. , Lage A.D. , Pereira e Araújo M.M. , Abreu C.F. , Tassinari A.R. , Ferraz M.A. , Davenport K. , Cerqueira M.M.O.P.
Published: January 2015

New approaches are needed to quickly indicate possible contamination of UHT milk, among them the technique of ATP-Bioluminescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the results of culture methods with the results of ATP-Bioluminescence technique of 102 UHT whole milk samples incubated at 48, 72, and 168 hours. UHT milk samples were analyzed for the presence of mesophilic and psychrotrophic aerobic microorganisms using Plate Count Agar (PCA), Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) media and PetrifilmTM Aerobic Count (AC) plates. The ATP-Bioluminescence technique was applied through the Microbial Luminescent Screening (MLS) system. Significant correlations were found between counts of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms on PCA, PetrifilmTM AC, BHI and results of ATP bioluminescence technique (P≤0.05). The ATP-Bioluminescence technique had higher correlation with counting method in PCA than BHI media. At lower pass/fail limits of Relative Light Units (60, 50, 45 and 40 RLU), the number of samples identified as positive increased and statistically agreed with aerobic mesophilic microorganism counts (P>0.05). For the dairy industry, the ATP-Bioluminescence technique may become an important tool that assists the official methods to quickly monitor the microbiological quality of UHT milk though this will likely require a threshold below 150 RLU.
Carcass characteristics, physicochemical changes and oxidative stress indicators of meat from sheep fed diets with coffee pulp
Authors: Salinas-Rios T. , Sánchez-Torres-Esqueda M.T. , Hernández-Bautista J. , Díaz-Cruz A. , Nava-Cuellar C. , Ortega-Cerrilla M.E. , Cordero-Mora J.L. , Vaquera-Huerta H. , Velasco J.L.F.
Published: January 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine how feeding sheep coffee pulp affects carcass characteristics and what changes occur in physicochemical, antioxidant capacity and oxidation of the meat during refrigerated storage. The experiment was carried out in 15 Blackbelly lambs weighing an average 22.86±0.76kg. The animals were assigned to three treatments: T0=control diet, T1=diet with 8% coffee pulp, and T2=diet with 16% coffee pulp. After fattening for 56 days, the sheep were slaughtered and the carcasses assessed. The inclusion of 16% coffee pulp in the diet increased carcass dressing from 48.19 to 50.83% and decreased the amount of fat in rumen and intestines from 3.43 to 2.53% (P<0.05). The inclusion of coffee pulp in the diet did not alter the amount of crude protein or fat in meat or its oxidation and antioxidant capacity during refrigerated storage. However, the inclusion of coffee pulp in the diet decreased fat in the rumen and intestines, and thus increased the amount of usable meat.
Correlações entre contagem de células somáticas e parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos de qualidade do leite
Authors: Vargas Diego Prado de , Nörnberg José Laerte , Mello Renius de Oliveira , Sheibler Rudolf Brand , Breda Fernanda Cristina , Milani Marceli Pazini
Published: January 2015

Objetivou-se avaliar as correlações entre contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e os constituintes do leite e verificar as associações das condições ambientais com a CCS. Os dados utilizados foram de 1.541 unidades produtoras de leite referentes a 15 municípios da bacia leiteira do Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram tabulados os dados de CCS, contagem bacteriana total (CBT) e composição centesimal do leite, referentes ao período de junho de 2008 a dezembro de 2011, totalizando 44.089 amostras analisadas. A temperatura ambiente apresentou correlação positiva e significativa com a CCS, enquanto a precipitação pluviométrica e a umidade relativa do ar, ausência de correlação. Os teores de gordura, proteína, minerais e sólidos totais foram diretamente correlacionados com a CCS, enquanto que os sólidos não gordurosos e a lactose apresentaram comportamento inverso. Através da análise de componentes principais (ACP), auxiliada pelo método hierárquico aglomerativo de agrupamento, os sete tratamentos presentes no estudo foram reduzidos a cinco grupos de acordo com a similaridade, permitindo constatar que amostras com CCS superiores a 400.000 até 750.000 céls mL-1, apresentam a mesma qualidade, não justificando a estratificação de intervalos nesta amplitude de variação.
Charles Wagley: his career, his work, his legacy
Authors: Kottak Conrad Phillip
Published: January 2015

Charles Wagley's work, firmly in the Boasian tradition, reflects his association with and training by Franz Boas, but especially by Ruth Benedict and Ruth Bunzel. Wagley's career as an ethnographer began in the Guatemalan highland town of Santiago Chimaltenango in 1937. Soon thereafter, he turned from Guatemala to Brazil, where he did his first field research (1939-1940) among the Tapirapé Indians. Wagley's Tapirapé revisits culminated in his last book, "Welcome of tears: the Tapirapé Indians of Central Brazil" (1977). Wagley's study of Gurupá began in 1948 and produced various editions of his popular book "Amazon town: a study of man in the Tropics". Wagley co-directed the Bahia State-Columbia University Community Study Project in 1951-1952, culminating in the edited book "Race and class in rural Brazil". Over time, Wagley focused increasingly on non-Indians, ranging from rural towns like Gurupá to Brazilian culture as a whole. Illustrating the latter, Wagley wrote two editions of "Introduction to Brazil", a culturally insightful text that examined unity and diversity in Brazilian culture and society. A man of careful scholarship and keen intellect, Chuck Wagley took great pride in the excellence of his teaching and writing; he also enjoyed sharing his knowledge and insights with a larger public
Charles Wagley on changes in Tupí-Guaraní kinship classifications
Authors: Balée William
Published: January 2015

Charles Wagley contributed significantly to the ethnographic study of culture and society in Brazil. In addition to his well-known work on both rural and urban Brazilian populations, Wagley was a pioneering ethnographer of indigenous societies in Brazil, especially the Tapirapé and Tenetehara, associated with the Tupí-Guaraní language family. In comparing these two societies specifically, Wagley was most interested in their kinship systems, especially the types of kinship or relationship terminology that these exhibited. In both cases, he found that what had once been probably classificatory, bifurcate-merging terminologies seem to have developed into more or less bifurcate-collateral (or Sudanese-like) terminologies, perhaps partly as a result of contact and depopulation. Recent research on kinship nomenclature and salience of relationship terms among the Ka'apor people, also speakers of a Tupí-Guaraní language, corroborates Wagley's original insights and indicates their relevance to contemporary ethnography.
Race, culture, and history: Charles Wagley and the anthropology of the African Diaspora in the Americas
Authors: Hay Fred
Published: January 2015

When I came to the University of Florida in 1981, I was informed that Charles Wagley was not accepting new graduate students. After my first class with Wagley, he agreed to be my advisor and mentor and I became the last student he accepted. Though better known for his sensitive and pioneering ethnography of indigenous and peasant populations and his influential anthropological/historical overviews of Brazil and Latin America, Wagley and his students' contributions to the study of Afro-American cultures and race relations in the Americas are considerable. Among the important concepts that Wagley articulated were 'social race', 'Plantation America', and the 'amorphous and weakly organized local community without clear boundaries in space or membership'. Wagley guided my dissertation research in Haiti. In it I developed his concept by proposing 'cultural amorphousness' as a 'total cultural style' (following Kroeber) of African Diaspora cultures in the Plantation American cultural sphere: a primary organizing principle that has proved to be an effective adaptation to plantation and its successor societies.
Historical complexity of myth: in search of the genesis of the whip-dance whereby Wayana dance in imitation of Tamok (Eastern Guiana Highlands)
Authors: Duin Renzo
Published: January 2015

This article discusses the conditions of the genesis of the nineteenth century Wayana whip-dance, aiming for what Terence Turner coined "ethno-ethnohistory", through the method of Neil Whitehead's "ethnography of historical consciousness". This study outlines an indigenous historical consciousness of the social present in Guiana as related to events from the past, by means of the entanglement of things, places, and people related to this whip-dance ritual. The article discusses the Eastern Guiana whip-dance as a social field of interaction in three regions and three time periods: (1) the Upper Maroni Basin (French Guiana and Suriname) in the early twenty-first century; (2) the Franco-Brazilian Contested area (today's Brazilian Amapá) in the nineteenth century; and (3) a posited origin of this 'mythstory' at the Lower Amazon in the sixteenth century. Rather than conducting a study of a 'lost tradition', these three case-studies will provide insight into the process of how Wayana indigenous people have managed their histories of first contact in Guiana through ritual performance and the materialization of the evil spirit Tamok.
The decision of an obese woman to have bariatric surgery: the social phenomenology
Authors: Oliveira Deíse Moura de , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa , Jesus Maria Cristina Pinto de
Published: January 2015

Objective To understand the process by which an obese woman decides to have bariatric surgery. Method A qualitative survey with a social phenomenology approach, carried out in 2012, with 12 women, using the phenomenological interview. Results A woman bases the decision to have the surgery on: the inappropriateness of her eating habits; a physical appearance that is incompatible with an appearance that is standardized by society; the social prejudice that she has to live with; the limitations imposed by obesity; and her lack of success with previous attempts to lose weight. Outcomes that she hopes for from the decision to have the surgery include: restoring her health; achieving social inclusion; and entering the labor market. Conclusion This study allows one to reflect that prescriptive actions do not give a satisfactory response to a complexity of the subjective questions involved in the decision to have surgery for obesity. For this, what is called for is a program of work based on an interdisciplinary approach, and training that gives value to the bio-psycho-social aspects involved in a decision in favor of surgical treatment.
Treatment of skin lesions in newborn children: meeting the needs of nursing staff
Authors: Santos Simone Vidal , Costa Roberta
Published: January 2015

Objective To understand, together with nursing staff, the care needed to treat skin lesions in newborn children hospitalized in a neonatal unit. Method Qualitative research, of the convergent care type. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, which were conducted from November to December 2012, in the neonatal unit of a hospital in southern Brazil. The participants were four auxiliary nurses, six nursing technicians and four nurses. Results The following three categories were designated: questions about what can be used in relation to newborn children; hospitalization can cause lesions on the skin of newborn children; and knowledge about care promotes professional autonomy. Conclusion There is an urgent need for staff to know more about the treatment of skin lesions, which would provide safer care for newborn children and would also support the autonomy of professional nurses in providing that care.
The influence of institutionalization on the perception of autonomy and quality of life in old people
Authors: Cobo Carmen María Sarabia
Published: January 2015

Objective To evaluate the influence exercised by institutionalization on the autonomy and perception of quality of life among the institutionalized elderly. Method The study is quasi-experimental (interrupted time series) and longitudinal. The sample is composed for 104 elderly people who went into a three nursing home in Santander, Spain. To assess the quality of life and dependence two scales were used: the Barthel Index and Lawton Index. Results There was an important relationship between autonomy and independence and their deterioration due to their institutionalisation, such as the physical and social aspects. Conclusion It´s important to point out that the dependence of the elderly is a complex phenomenon, which admits many types of intervention, including the customary ones referring to more classic welfare actions which tend to supplant the absence of autonomy in everyday life by facilitating services and attention to make up for this need, without having to resort to institutionalization.
Access, equity and social cohesion: evaluation of intersectoral strategies for people experiencing homelessness
Authors: Borysow Igor da Costa , Furtado Juarez Pereira
Published: January 2015

Objective To understand and evaluate the work of intersectoral assistance on the insertion and the flow of people in situation of street with severe mental illness in public services of Mental Health. Method A case study developed from ten visits to a night shelter between March and April 2012. For data collection, the participant observation and semi-structured interviews were carried out with four sheltered individuals, as well as non-directive group interviews with five technicians of the social-assistance services. Results Were analyzed using Content Analysis and developing a Logic Model validated with the professionals involved. Conclusion The social assistance services are the main entry of this clientele in the public network of assistance services, and the Mental Health services have difficulty in responding to the specificities of the same clientele and in establishing intersectoral work.
Controle de plantas daninhas pelo indaziflam em solos com diferentes características físico-químicas
Authors: Amim R.T. , Freitas S.P. , Freitas I.L.J. , Gravina G.A. , Paes H.M.F.
Published: January 2015

No solo, os herbicidas estão sujeitos a processos de degradação e sorção, que regulam seu destino e sua disponibilidade. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficiência do indaziflam no controle de cinco espécies de plantas daninhas em três solos com características físico-químicas contrastantes. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, arranjado em esquema fatorial 6 x 3 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de seis doses de indaziflam (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 g i.a. ha-1), três solos (texturas areia, argila e franco-argiloarenosa) e cinco espécies daninhas (Rottboellia cochinchinensis, Panicum maximum, Digitaria horizontalis, Euphorbia heterophylla e Ipomoea grandifolia). O solo foi peneirado e colocado em bandejas perfuradas, e as espécies, semeadas a 0,015 m de profundidade. O herbicida foi aplicado sobre solo úmido, e as bandejas, colocadas sob irrigação diária de 5 mm, aproximadamente. Avaliou-se a emergência, sete dias após a emergência, e o controle das espécies, 40 dias depois da aplicação. O indaziflam foi mais eficiente no controle das espécies D. horizontalis, P. maximum e R. cochinchinensis. As duas primeiras foram muito sensíveis ao herbicida, com controle total dessas espécies em todas as doses e solos testados. No solo argiloso, R. cochincinensis só foi eficientemente controlada a partir da dose de 50 g ha-1 de indaziflam. O controle de E. heterophylla e I. grandifolia pelo indaziflam foi mais eficiente no solo franco-argiloarenoso.
Soil microorganisms and their role in the interactions between weeds and crops
Authors: Massenssini A.M. , Bonduki V.H.A. , Melo C.A.D. , Tótola M.R. , Ferreira F.A. , Costa M.D.
Published: January 2015

The competition between weeds and crops is a topic of great interest, since this interaction can cause heavy losses in agriculture. Despite the existence of some studies on this subject, little is known about the importance of soil microorganisms in the modulation of weed-crop interactions. Plants compete for water and nutrients in the soil and the ability of a given species to use the available resources may be directly affected by the presence of some microbial groups commonly found in the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are able to associate with plant roots and affect the ability of different species to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, promoting changes in plant growth. Other groups may promote positive or negative changes in plant growth, depending on the identity of the microbial and plant partners involved in the different interactions, changing the competitive ability of a given species. Recent studies have shown that weeds are able to associate with mycorrhizal fungi in agricultural environments, and root colonization by these fungi is affected by the presence of other weeds or crops species. In addition, weeds tend to have positive interactions with soil microorganisms while cultures may have neutral or negative interactions. Competition between weeds and crops promotes changes in the soil microbial community, which becomes different from that observed in monocultures, thus affecting the competitive ability of plants. When grown in competition, weeds and crops have different behaviors related to soil microorganisms, and the weeds seem to show greater dependence on associations with members of the soil microbiota to increase growth. These data demonstrate the importance of soil microorganisms in the modulation of the interactions between weeds and crops in agricultural environments. New perspectives and hypotheses are presented to guide future research in this area.
Letramento, identidade e cotidiano entre jovens Xakriabá
Authors: Gerken Carlos Henrique de Souza , Alvarenga Tamiris Amanda Rezende de , Oliveira Daniel dos Santos , Oliveira Ildete Freitas
Published: January 2015

O artigo objetiva descrever os modos de apropriação da escrita e suas consequências nos processos de construção de crenças, valores, capacidades e competências em relação à cultura escrita por jovens indígenas que cursaram o terceiro ano do segundo grau entre 2009 e 2011. A consolidação do projeto de escola diferenciada nas aldeias Xakriabá depende dos mecanismos e das representações por meio dos quais os sujeitos interpretam e dão sentido à escola e às práticas de letramento. Observou-se que a escrita no contexto escolar está articulada às demandas sociais e políticas, nas quais jovens escolarizados aparecem como personagens importantes ao lado dos mais velhos, sendo utilizada como mediadora das relações em vários contextos. Além disso, a escrita é importante na construção de narrativas pessoais e coletivas articuladas aos processos de (re)construção da identidade frente às demandas sociais e políticas.
Ten-years of bariatric surgery in Brazil: in-hospital mortality rates for patients assisted by universal health system or a health maintenance organization
Authors: KELLES Silvana Márcia Bruschi , MACHADO Carla Jorge , BARRETO Sandhi Maria
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is an option for sustained weight loss for the morbidly obese patient. In Brazil coexists the Unified Health System (SUS) with universal coverage and from which depend 150 million Brazilians and supplemental health security, predominantly private, with 50 million beneficiaries. AIM: To compare access, in-hospital mortality, length of stay and costs for patients undergoing bariatric surgery, assisted in one or another system. METHODS: Data from DATASUS and IBGE were used for SUS patients' and database from one health plan of southeastern Brazil for the health insurance patients. RESULTS: Between 2001 and 2010 there were 24,342 and 4,356 surgeries performed in SUS and in the health insurance company, respectively. The coverage rates for surgeries performed in 2010 were 5.3 and 91/100.000 individuals in SUS and health insurance respectively. The rate of in-hospital mortality in SUS, considering the entire country, was 0.55 %, 0.44 % considering SUS Southeast, and 0.30 % for the health insurance. The costs of surgery in the SUS and in the health insurance trend to equalization over the years. CONCLUSION: Despite differences in access and characteristics that may compromise the outcome of bariatric surgery, patients treated at the Southeast SUS had similar rate of in-hospital mortality compared to the health insurance patients.
Scarless hepatectomy: natural orifice specimen extraction after left lateral sectionectomy
Authors: SAGAE Univaldo E. , ORSO Ivan R. B. , MATSUMOTO Helin Minoru , HERMAN Paulo
Published: January 2015

BACKGROUND: The use of laparoscopy in liver surgery is well established and considered as the gold standard for small resections. The laparoscopic resections have lower morbidity and better cosmetic results, but still require an incision to remove the surgical specimen. The possibility of remove the specimen through natural orifices and avoid an abdominal incision may further improve the benefits offered by minimally invasive procedures. AIM: To describe the technique of transvaginal extraction of the specimen after laparoscopic liver left lateral sectionectomy. METHOD: The laparoscopic liver resection is performed in a standard fashion. After completing the resection, the specimen is placed into a retrieval plastic bag. To perform de extraction, a vaginal colpotomy is performed, guided by a 12 mm trocar introduced through the vagina. Then the extraction bag is removed pulling the bag through the extended incision in the posterior wall of the vagina. After the extraction, the colpotomy incision is closed laparoscopically. RESULTS: This technique was performed in a 74-year-old woman with a 3 cm lesion between liver segments 2 and 3. She had a fast and uneventful recovery. CONCLUSION: This technique appears to be feasible, safe and avoid the complications of an abdominal incision.
Entrelace entre gênero, sexualidade e deficiência: uma história feminina de rupturas e empoderamento
Authors: Dantas Taísa Caldas , Silva Jackeline Susann Souza , Carvalho Maria Eulina Pessoa de
Published: January 2015

O texto objetiva analisar o processo de empoderamento e o exercício da autoadvocacia na vida de pessoas com deficiência como condições que influenciam o reconhecimento da identidade de gênero e das questões de sexualidade. O argumento central defendido é o de que a visão comum sobre as pessoas com deficiência está relacionada geralmente ao rótulo incapacitante da deficiência, acarretando a invisibilidade da sexualidade e o não reconhecimento do ser homem/mulher com deficiência. Este relato de pesquisa adota a metodologia de história oral e contribui para o campo de investigação sobre deficiências, gênero e sexualidade a partir da visibilidade da história de vida de uma mulher com deficiência. Analisa-se a história de uma jovem com deficiência intelectual, evidenciando-se a superação do rótulo incapacitante como condição fundamental para que ela se reconheça como uma mulher sexuada, com a capacidade de tomar decisões e viver seus desejos. A jovem apresenta indícios de seu empoderamento em quatro dimensões fundamentais: família, educação, trabalho e vida social, revelando que a deficiência não a impossibilita de sair, namorar, ter amigos, ter uma ocupação remunerada, isto é, ser uma mulher empoderada.
Travelling exhibition inspires Britain's bridge engineers of tomorrow
Authors: Goldfinger Pippa
Published: January 2015

A travelling exhibition on British bridge design and engineering arrives in London this month following highly successful events in Bristol and Bath. Exhibition manager Pippa Goldfinger says its success in attracting and inspiring youngsters stems from the public's innate love of bridges.
Timetable setting of single bus line using dynamic programming
Authors: Chen Qun , Yao Jialin
Published: January 2015

The service time of a single bus line is divided into some time periods according to passenger flow intensity; it is supposed that passengers arrive evenly at the stop and bus runs are set evenly in each time period. The bus timetable setting problem is to determine bus run assignments in each time period to minimise the total waiting time of passengers on platforms if the number of total runs is known. This is a typical time-continuous multi-stage decision problem, and the dynamic programming method is appropriate to solve it. Global optimisation procedures using dynamic programming are developed to solve such a multi-stage decision problem. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Geographic Mapping through the Analysis of Stable Isotopes: Enhancing Post-Mortem Profiles
Authors: Ademir Franco  , José Manoel dos Reis Neto  , Patrick Thevissen  , Guy Willems  , Paulo Henrique Couto Souza
Published: January 2015

Introduction: The creation of anthropological post-mortem profiles of victims is an essential step in reconstructive human identifications. Geographic origin through the analysis of stable isotopes emerged as valuable reconstructive forensic information, enhancing post-mortem profiles. Objective: To perform the analysis of dental stable isotopes, such as Carbon (Î´13C) and Oxygen (Î´18O), focusing on potential forensic applications. Material and methods: The sample consisted of a randomly selected lower left canine (#33); a lower left second premolar (#35); and a lower right central incisor (#41) collected from patients with unknown age and gender. The teeth were sectioned in the buccal-lingual direction, enabling to remove dentin powder with a rounded drill. The powdered sample was referred for the analysis of Î´13C and Î´18O through mass accelerator spectrometry. The obtained data was compared to previous international surveys. Results: The Î´13C values ranged from -9,90 to -11,50 per mil, with standard deviation interval between 0,02 and 0,06 per mil. The Î´18O values ranged from -7,17 to -8,26 per mil, with standard deviation interval between 0,06 and 0,09 per mil. In face of previous surveys, the obtained data followed a similar trend on the concentration of dental Î´13C and Î´18O. Conclusions: The analysis of Î´13C and Î´18O was optimally performed, revealing potential application for forensic purposes.
A Violência e o Consumo de Drogas entre Universitários
Authors: Luiz Roberto Marquezi Ferro  , Carolina de Meneses Gaya  , Gilmar Antoniassi Júnior
Published: January 2015

O consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas tem aumentado consideravelmente no mundo todo. Este aumento é perceptível na população de universitários. Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar o uso abusivo de drogas em uma amostra de estudantes universitários e suas possíveis associações com fator de risco violência. A metodologia utilizada foi de pesquisa descritiva com uma população de 152 universitários de uma universidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo, a coleta dos dados se deu de forma online, com a criação de uma plataforma no servidor SurveyMonkey, onde se inseriu o TCLE, e o questionário sociodemográfico, o instrumento para mensurar violência (Questionário de Indicadores de Violência do II LENAD) e consumo abusivo de droga (ASSIST). Para verificar a associação entre o uso abusivo de drogas e as variáveis estudadas foi utilizado o modelo de regressão logística, sendo calculados odds ratios brutos (variável resposta cruzada com uma variável explicativa) e também odds ratios ajustados por todas as variáveis explicativas. O nível de significância considerado foi de p
Immune Suppression by Myeloid Cells in HIV Infection: New Targets for Immunotherapy
Authors: Mehraj Vikram , Jenabian Mohammad-Ali , Vyboh Kishanda , Routy Jean-Pierre
Published: January 2015

Over thirty years of extensive research has not yet solved the complexity of HIV pathogenesis leading to a continued need for a successful cure. Recent immunotherapy-based approaches are aimed at controlling the infection by reverting immune dysfunction. Comparatively less appreciated than the role of T cells in the context of HIV infection, the myeloid cells including macrophages monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils contribute significantly to immune dysfunction. Host restriction factors are cellular proteins expressed in these cells which are circumvented by HIV. Guided by the recent literature, the role of myeloid cells in HIV infection will be discussed highlighting potential targets for immunotherapy. HIV infection, which is mainly characterized by CD4 T cell dysfunction, also manifests in a vicious cycle of events comprising of inflammation and immune activation. Targeting the interaction of programmed death-1 (PD-1), an important regulator of T cell function; with PD-L1 expressed mainly on myeloid cells could bring promising results. Macrophage functional polarization from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 and vice versa has significant implications in viral pathogenesis. Neutrophils, recently discovered low density granular cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and yolk sac macrophages provide new avenues of research on HIV pathogenesis and persistence. Recent evidence has also shown significant implications of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), antimicrobial peptides and opsonizing antibodies. Further studies aimed to understand and modify myeloid cell restriction mechanisms have the potential to contribute in the future development of more effective anti-HIV interventions that may pave the way to viral eradication.
Synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotube networks using monodisperse metallic nanocatalysts encapsulated in reverse micelles
Authors: Gayduchenko Igor , Fedorov Georgy , Ibragimov Ramil , Stepanova Tatiana , Gazaliev Arsen , Vysochanskiy Nikolay , Bobrov Yuri , Malovichko Anton , Sosnin Ilya , Bobrinetskiy Ivan
Published: January 2015

We report on a method of synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes
percolated networks on silicon dioxide substrates using monodisperse Co and
Ni catalyst. The catalytic nanoparticles were obtained by modified method of
reverse micelles of bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium in isooctane
solution that provides the nanoparticle size control in range of 1 to 5 nm.
The metallic nanoparticles of Ni and Co were characterized using transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic-force microscopy (AFM). Carbon nanotubes
were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of CH4/H2 composition at
temperature 1000 ?? on catalysts pre-deposited on silicon dioxide substrate.
Before temperature treatment during the carbon nanotube synthesis most of the
catalyst material agglomerates due to magnetic forces while during the
nanotube growth disintegrates into the separate nanoparticles with narrow
diameter distribution. The formed nanotube networks were characterized using
AFM, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. We find that
the nanotubes are mainly single-walled carbon nanotubes with high structural
perfection up to 200 ?m long with diameters from 1.3 to 1.7 nm consistent
with catalyst nanoparticles diameter distribution and independent of its
material.
Comparative evaluation of porous silica based
carriers for lipids and liquid drug formulations
Authors: Choudhari Yogesh , Reddy Upendra , Monsuur Fred , Pauly Thomas , Hoefer Hans , McCarthy William
Published: January 2015

Conversion of liquid and semisolid lipids into
free flowing powders is an advantageous technique, as
the carriers display high surface area, strong adsorption
capacity, ease of processing, and ability to generate lipid
loaded free flowing powders which can be converted to
solid dosage forms like tablets and capsules. A combination
of density, adsorption capacity and desorption is
found to be of importance in the selection of the right
adsorbent. Adsorbents like magnesium aluminium silicates
(MAS), granulated fumed silica (GFS) and mesoporous
silica gel (MSG) were characterized by flow property
measurements, particle size, scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and pore structure by mercury (Hg) intrusion
study. SEM results reveal adsorbent morphology,
whereas an intrusion-extrusion study reveal pore size distributions.
Tablets and capsules of oil loaded adsorbents
were prepared by conventional methods. Oil loaded adsorbents
were evaluated for the ability to convert oil into
powder, easy of processing into tablets and capsules, and
release of the loaded oil (Vitamin E) or active (Glyburide).
All adsorbents possess good flow property while MSG has
higher density than GFS and MAS. This helps to deliver
maximum active per unit volume. A wider pore size distribution
of MAS was observed in comparison to MSG and
GFS. MAS exhibited poor oil release from powder and its
formulations, whereas GFS demonstrated closely similar
release to MSG. Maximum 70% oil loaded MSG can be delivered
in tablet dosage form andMSG can deliver the highest
amount in limited volume capsules due to its high density.
Hence, lower density and poor oil release from MAS
limit its applications in solid oral drug delivery,while both
MSG and GFS proved to be suitable.
Lactating mothers infected with Ebola virus: EBOV RT-PCR of blood only may be insufficient
Authors: Moreau M , Spencer C , Gozalbes J G , Colebunders R , Lefevre A , Gryseels S , Borremans B , Gunther S , Becker D , Bore J A , Koundouno F R , Di Caro A , Wölfel R , Decroo T , Van Herp M , Peetermans L , Camara A M
Published: January 2015

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Transitioning Normalcy
Authors: Wolfe Brandon L. , Dilworth Paulette Patterson
Published: January 2015

In this article, we present findings from a review and synthesis of historical and contemporary research to examine the concept of diversity leadership in higher education as it pertains to African American administrators at predominantly White colleges and universities. Through the use of critical race theory, we first argue that to understand the leadership disparity of African Americans and other administrators of color in higher education, one must begin by examining the cultural context in which predominantly White institutions originate, exist, and operate through the intersection of group relations. Second, we argue that due to a historical pattern of exclusivity, the title of administrator is considered whiteness property in higher education. As a consequence, the disparity between African American administrators and their White counterparts has become an organizational norm in higher education. Last, we posit that if true diversity leadership is to exist within the administrative rankings at predominantly White institutions, the conceptualization and inclusion of minority experiences must not only inform stakeholders but also shape the recruitment, retention, and assessment of minority representation at the university administrative level.