bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpreting Leadership in Political Contests in Indonesia: Exploring Hamka’s Views
Authors: Anshori Muhammad Helmi
Published: June 2024

The breeze of presidential elections has long been heard in Indonesian society, a year when political contests began to be heard everywhere. This is further compounded by the emergence of various forms of campaigns to seek support from the people. Departing from this, this writing explains the ideal concept of leadership in the current era from the perspective of Tafsir Al-Azhar. Because the impressions and views of this interpretation are highly suitable for the reality in which the Qur’an is interpreted. Regardless, we must understand the concept of leadership in the contemporary era, especially with the emergence of three major candidates for leadership in Indonesia. This article uses a descriptive analysis method that is expected to explain the concept of leadership in a profound, detailed, and ideal manner. The research results indicate that Tafsir al-Azhar provides a significant portion regarding leaders worthy of being chosen in the upcoming elections. The intended leader is one who fulfills his duties by promoting prosperity and well-being. This means how the leader carries out his tasks effectively based on the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila. Thus, a leader like this should be obeyed and followed. On the other hand, if the leader encourages the people to commit injustice and corruption, then they are not worthy of obedience, following, and compliance.
Political Transformation of Islamic Law in the Context of National Family Law: Between Idealism and Reality
Authors: Hopipah Eva Nur , Safe'i Abdulah , Astarudin Tatang
Published: June 2024

The era continues to move dynamically, whether towards positive change or the opposite, making transformation inevitable. In this process, numerous political processes occur, especially in the transformation of Islamic law within the current national family law as manifested in Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974 and other legislations. It needs to be comprehensively understood regarding the transformation process from classical/conventional Islamic law to the emergence of ijtihad (ijma'), giving birth to the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). There is a contradiction between idealism and the reality that occurs in the transformation of Islamic law. This research addresses essential questions about how the political process occurs in the transformation to legislation. The method used in this study is literature review with primary sources being books or articles related to Islamic law, political aspects of Islamic family law, transformation and reform of Islamic law, contemporary family law, and other relevant sources as secondary sources. The results of this research prove that there are crucial points in the transformation of Islamic law into national family law related to marriage, divorce, inheritance, and endowment, which still require further integration to review the realities that occur in the field.
The Theoretical Foundations of Development of an Entrepreneurial Entity in Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Shumilo Olha S. , Suyrovatka Julia O. ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: June 2024

The development of entrepreneurship is considered as a component of social development, which is carried out in three directions: evolutionary, involutional, and abrupt acceleration. The necessity of forming a policy of development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is indicated and its main tasks are allocated, namely: increasing the volume of production and export of products of Ukrainian enterprises, the formation of new enterprises, ensuring the proper level of satisfaction of domestic demand with goods and services; demonopolization of markets for goods and services and establishment of effective competition in the domestic market; increase and diversification of employment; achievement of an effective fiscal return on business development while maintaining favorable conditions for its development. The general goals of entrepreneurship management include the process of forming a strategy for activity and development and adaptation of business processes of enterprise. It is noted that decision-making by entrepreneurs in conditions of uncertainty should be based on the study of its theoretical foundations, where it is considered in several types: when the results of activities are known and it is possible to predict them; when the results are known, but the probability of them cannot be estimated; when the results are not known and it is not possible to estimate the probability of their occurrence. For the purpose of effective management of the business structure, it is expedient to classify uncertainty by the following types: by methods of determining the probability of occurrence of cases and by the object of uncertainty. Among the main tasks of entrepreneurship management, reducing the likelihood of adverse events and avoiding negative consequences and risks, including strategic ones, are allocated, since the development and implementation of strategic management decisions are the basis for ensuring sustainable development of entrepreneurial entities. It is noted that changes in the institutional environment have an impact on the dynamics of uncertainty. In order to improve business conditions, informal and formal institutions must be aligned, which is a transformation of uncertainty. Directions for the development of entrepreneurial structures have been identified, which should coordinate their actions with the State structures to form an institutional environment. Among such areas, the following are highlighted: creation of commodity exchanges and wholesale markets for products of local producers; formation of market infrastructure of scientific and innovative activities; orientation of commercial banks to the real sector; creation of consulting and leasing firms; development of the stock market, including the formation of the corporate securities market; formation of logistics centers.
Formation of the Conceptual Foundations of the Strategy of Neo-Industrialization of Industries
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Sachenko Andrii O.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to form the conceptual foundations of strategizing the development of industries under neo-industrialization with the application of the methodology for identifying strategic goals, objectives and measures and taking into account the system of factors and conditions of the institutional, organizational, and economic environment. The article confirms that the criteria for achieving the targets of neo-industrialization are deep structural changes and institutional reforms in the industrial sector of the economy. The sequence of formation along with the tasks of the strategy of neo-industrialization are allocated. The methodology for identifying the strategic goals, objectives and measures of the strategy of neo-industrialization of various industries is outlined. When analyzing the researchers’ works, it is found that the structure of the neo-industrialization strategy is predominantly standardized and includes such elements as the aim and initial conditions, problems and obstacles, objectives and strategic goals, principles, measures and mechanisms of implementation, organizational, financial and resource support, expected results, methodological support for monitoring and control, as well as the final part. The system of factors, conditions of the institutional and organizational-economic environment of the strategy of neo-industrialization of industries is specified. It is determined that during the formation of an aggregate of institutional, organizational, economic, socio-psychological and other mechanisms and the selection of instruments for implementing the strategy of neo-industrialization, it is necessary to apply an integrated approach, focused not so much on a certain functional and structural specialization as on achieving the aim and strategic goals of policy in this area. Such goals are: the formation and growth of new strategically progressive industries and of the real sector of the economy as a whole on the basis of high-tech industries, nano- and biotechnologies, new energy resources, automation and digitalization of business processes, the implementation of robotics in production and economic processes (the spread of smart industries).
Content Characteristics and Features of Investment Attractiveness of Retail Trade
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Economics, Talah Yuriy V.
Published: June 2024

The article updates the issues of providing retail trade entities with investments, including in conditions of instability caused by the consequences of the full-scale war. The purpose of the study is to generalize and further develop the content characteristics and features of the investment attractiveness of the retail trade industry. The approaches of leading scientists regarding the definition of the substantive characteristics of the concept of "investment attractiveness" are summarized. The author's definition of the concept of "investment attractiveness of the retail industry" as a combination of institutional, economic, organizational, psychological and other conditions that provide incentives for increasing volumes and improving the structure of investments is substantiated and provided. It was concluded that during the formation and implementation of the State policy in this area, the peculiarities of the functioning and development of retail trade should be taken into account. The specifics of retail trade are determined in accordance with the leading macroeconomic functions of this industry – exchange of labor results for money, satisfaction of consumer needs for goods and services, impact on the balancing of the internal market and socioeconomic development, stimulation of the development of the production and consumption sectors. In accordance with the specified functions of retail trade, the features of the investment attractiveness of this branch of the national economy have been determined. Among them are the high capacity of the domestic market, developed production sector, transport and logistics infrastructure, high quality of life and purchasing power of the population, access to transport and logistics infrastructure, implementation of local economic development programs, effective economic policy of import substitution, development of local integrated systems, presence of competition and free market, cooperation of trade and subjects of the consumer services system, cooperation with the IT sector, activation of the consumer lending segment.
Efficient Accounting for Individual Entrepreneurs: The Strategies and Prospects in the Modern Business Environment
Authors:   Uman National University of Horticulture, Matros Olena M. , Mykhailovyna Svitlana O. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Ratushna Olga P. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Polishchuk Oleh M. ,   Uman National University of Horticulture
Published: June 2024

This article examines the importance of proper financial accounting for individual entrepreneurs and highlights the need to adapt the legal and tax environment to the needs of this specific category of business. Accounting for individual entrepreneurship consists of accounting for income and accounting for goods, which include services provided or the sale of goods. The mandatory details of primary documents required for the correct accounting of individual entrepreneurs in accordance with the Law of Ukraine «On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine» are considered. The features of compiling and signing primary documents, which can be created both in paper and electronic form, are allocated. Additional details are also considered, which may be included depending on the nature of the business operation and the requirements of the law. In the context of modern technologies, an overview of the electronic exchange of documents and the requirements for electronic signatures for their recognition is also provided. The issue of insignificant deficiencies in documents containing information on business operations and their impact on the recognition of such operations is studied. Deficiencies that do not interfere with the identification of the participants in the operation and contain important details, such as the date of preparation, the name of the enterprise, etc., are not considered grounds for non-recognition of the operation. It is underlined that each situation will be checked individually by the supervisory authority, so it is recommended to carefully monitor the availability and accuracy of all details of the document. In particular, minor deficiencies are considered on the example of an invoice, pointing out those details, the absence of which is a minor drawback. The article examines in detail the accounting of incomes of individual entrepreneurs and identifies its important aspects. The authors focus on the fact that income accounting can be carried out in any form, but specify that individual entrepreneurs are subject to financial responsibility for failure to ensure the safekeeping of primary documents.
Improvement of Accounting and Taxation of Enhancements and Repairs of Non-Current Assets for the Innovative Development of Ukrainian Enterprises
Authors:   State Tax University, Izmailov Yaroslav O. , Moroziuk Oleksandr O. ,   State Tax University
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to identify the problems and prospects of accounting and taxation of improvement of non-current assets for innovative development of enterprises. It is substantiated that during hostilities and overcoming the economic crisis, enterprises of Ukraine try to more rationally approach the costs associated with the reproduction of non-current assets, observing the necessary technical and technological conditions for the production of competitive products by directing funds mainly to improve non-current assets, which requires much lower costs compared to the acquisition or creation of new objects. After all, on the volume, purpose and effectiveness of investments depend the innovative and technical equipment, financial condition of the enterprise, quality standards and updating the range of products, infrastructure development, solving social and environmental problems, etc. The main problems and prospects for improving accounting and taxation in terms of improving non-current assets have been defined. The national and foreign features of accounting and taxation, improvement of non-current assets are systematized and substantiated. It is substantiated that, in comparison with the acquisition or creation of new objects of non-current assets, improvement requires much smaller investments and is able to increase the efficiency of an economic entity in a relatively short time and relatively small funds. For the rational organization of document circulation on the example of an industrial enterprise, an optimal scheme of interconnection between departments that provide document flows of primary accounting information on the improvement of non-current assets has been developed. An improvement of non-current assets is recommended to include: modernization; modification; technical re-equipment; maintenance; completion (superstructure); replacement of individual parts of equipment; introduction of a more efficient technological process; retrofitting; technical inspection; reconstruction; complete overhaul; other types of improvement of non-current assets. It is determined that the cost of works that lead to an increase in the expected future benefits from the object of non-current assets is included in capital investments with a future increase in the initial cost of these non-current assets. Expenses incurred to maintain the object in working condition and to obtain the initially determined amount of future economic benefits from its use (technical inspection, maintenance, repair, etc.) should be included in the expenses of the reporting period. The presented problems and proposals for accounting and taxation of improvement of non-current assets create the basis for further research in the direction of improving the methodology and organization of analysis of non-current assets of enterprises.
An Empirical Analysis of Remittances of Labor Migrants to Ukraine: The Main Trends and Economic Consequences
Authors:   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Savchenko Maryna V. , Ishchuk Yuliia A. ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University, Barchuk Kateryna V. ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University
Published: June 2024

The article examines the complex impact of both war and migration processes on the demographic and economic situation in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the conflict that has been going on since 2014 and the migration crisis inherent in it have led to a significant decrease in the population due to large-scale migration flows. It is predicted that by 2050 the population of Ukraine may decrease to 35.2 million people, which will create serious challenges for the economy and social sphere. According to the data provided in the article, the number of remittances from abroad to Ukraine is growing, which indicates the intensive development of migration flows and the growth of the economic contribution of immigrants. However, the actual volume of such remittances is likely to be higher than indicated in official data due to the presence of unregistered flows. Remittances reflect not only migrants’ financial contributions to the economy, but also the level of connection and support that migrants provide to their families and communities in Ukraine. Compared to the inflow of foreign direct investment, an understanding of how migration flows affect the country’s economy both through financial contributions and through other socioeconomic aspects is presented. The article calls for the development of effective strategies to overcome the challenges posed by war and migration processes. Important components of such strategies are ensuring economic growth and social well-being of the population, as well as rational management of migration flows to maximize the positive impact of migration on the economy and society of Ukraine.
Financing International Grant Agreements in the Fields of Science and Innovation through the Prism of the Decomposition Model
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Abramova Iryna V. , Poplavskyi Pavlo H. ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the chosen issues is represented by the consideration that the old methods of financing scientific and innovative activities did not ensure the sustainability of the socioeconomic development of Ukraine and necessitated the search for alternative sources of funds for the outlined purposes. It is argued that grant funding is an effective tool for strengthening scientific and innovative activities. The study was carried out using the methods of system analysis and synthesis, on the basis of which contextual and decompositional models of describing the sequence of processes of functionalization of the mechanism for financing international grant agreements in the fields of science and innovation were built. It is emphasized that the donors for the financing of domestic scientific research on a grant basis are international organizations that develop appropriate procedures and rules for the preparation of projects that deserve funding. As a result of the study, it is found that the ultimate goal of such activities is to create conditions for ecological consumption and production, increase the competitiveness of domestic products, and improve infrastructure as major tasks of sustainable development.
Information Management in Small and Medium-Sized Businesses
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Skibska Kateryna O. , Starikov Vitalii H. ,   UNICEF
Published: June 2024

The current state of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine depends on the stability of the economic situation, the availability of a favorable tax and regulatory environment, the availability of financing, competition in the business environment, the pace of technological development and the sufficiency of qualified personnel in the labor market. The aim of the article is to study the role and analyze the impact of information management to support small and medium-sized businesses. On the basis of the carried out research, the main objectives of information management have been allocated and characterized, the influence of each factor on the indicators of efficiency and productivity of enterprise has been considered. It has been established that proper work with information is a crucial element for the success and sustainability of any organization or enterprise. Information problems can have serious consequences for a business’s operations, so it is important to pay due attention to information management and ensure that data is processed and protected effectively. This process contributes to effective management, informed decision-making, increased competitiveness, and information security. The article develops recommendations for further elaboration of information systems at small and medium-sized enterprises related to ensuring security and data protection, optimizing internal processes and improving the system of data collection and processing. The future development of information management will be characterized by the introduction of advanced technologies, improved data protection and privacy, real-time analysis, and the provision of mobility and teamwork.
Marketing Management in Ensuring Resilience of Business in the Conditions of the BANI World
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Zhehus Olena V.
Published: June 2024

The article develops the theoretical foundations of marketing management to ensure business resilience in the BANI world. The relevance of this area of research is due to the events and transformations that take place in the world and cause evolutionary changes in all spheres of life. The unstable VUCA world was replaced by a more complex, fast, turbulent BANI world, the consequences of which caused destabilization, disorder, spontaneity and cardinal changes. Business adaptability, which was the goal of management in the VUCA world, has been transformed into the need to ensure its resilience in the BANI world. In connection with the formation of new conditions and rules in the external environment, entrepreneurs, managers, and marketers faced an extremely difficult task to ensure the recovery of business after losses and increase its resilience to new shocks in the future. To solve it, the need to introduce new methods of marketing management has been determined. The conception of opportunity marketing is proposed, the basic principles of which are defined on the basis of the BANI-method, which includes components (creation of the new, optimism and audacity, non-standard approaches, awareness of reality), which are peculiar responses to the features of the BANI-world (fragility, anxiety, nonlinearity, incomprehensibility). The necessity of adhering to the following principles is substantiated: speed, proactivity, optimism and positive thinking, creativity, critical thinking; this will allow you to change the focus of the company, which has lost its relevance, to define a new strategic vision; identify and/or purposefully create new opportunities for business development; initiate innovation and implement changes to improve the product, processes, technology, service, communications, brand. Marketing management based on the principles of the conception of opportunity marketing will ensure the resilience of the business, in particular its ability to withstand the challenges and threats of the BANI world, and find new opportunities for further development.
Instrumental Support and Control of Adaptability of Formation of Strategy for Innovative Development of Business Structures in the Context of Globalization
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Management of the National University, But-Gusaim Oleksandr H.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to a review of the instrumental support for the formation of innovation development strategies at different stages of its implementation, taking into account the needs of adaptability to a changing environment. The aim of the article is to clarify the critical role of instrumental support in improving the strategic planning processes of business structures, which allows them to effectively navigate and adapt to the rapid transformations caused by globalization. The study shows a toolkit for developing and implementing innovations that ensure the adaptability and sustainability of enterprises in a dynamic environment. The use of specialized tools at each stage of the strategic innovation process allows organizations not only to survive but also to thrive, turning challenges into opportunities. At the stage of identifying the need for innovation, analysis tools such as SWOT and PESTEL help organizations gain a deeper understanding of the internal and external factors that affect their operations. Analyzing the external environment using competitive analysis and market research provides critical insights into industry trends, competitor behavior, and changes in consumer preferences. This allows businesses to adapt to changes in a timely manner, optimize their strategic initiatives, and find niches for innovation. When it comes to calculating the cost of an innovation strategy, financial modeling and cost-benefit analysis become indispensable tools that provide a clear understanding of the potential ROI and help management make informed investment decisions. At the stage of implementing an innovation strategy, project management and co-working tools become critical for coordinating teams, managing resources, and tracking progress in implementing innovative projects. Prototyping and modeling allow to test new ideas and conceptions, minimizing risks and costs in the early stages of development. The practical significance of the study is to obtain systematized and grouped data, making use of various tools at different levels of strategic innovation planning.
Problems and Prospects of Distance Learning in the Conditions of Post-War Recovery and Technological Transformations of the Economy of Ukraine
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Illiashenko Serhii M. , Shypulina Yuliia S. ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Semeniutin Artem O. ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of topical problems and prospects for the development of distance learning in the context of post-war recovery and innovative growth of the national economy of Ukraine, taking into account the technological transformations caused by the introduction of digital technologies of the fourth industrial revolution. The identified problems are grouped according to the reasons for their manifestation: caused by the war, which limit or make it impossible for students/trainees to study in classrooms; caused by changes in the labor market under the influence of digital technologies of the fourth industrial revolution; caused by the need to adapt higher education institutions to changes in the conditions of the external macro- and micro-environment. The important role of distance learning in solving each of these groups of problems is outlined. A SWOT analysis of the prospects and problems of distance learning development in Ukraine in the conditions of wartime and post-war reconstruction is carried out. A quantitative assessment of the factors influencing the external and internal environment has been carried out, i. e.: respective market opportunities and threats, strengths and weaknesses of distance learning. The results of the carried out assessment can be used as information and analytical support to substantiate strategies for the development of distance learning in the system of higher education in Ukraine. Recommendations on ways to improve distance learning in post-war Ukraine in the context of its individual characteristics in the context of adaptation to the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution and the formation of a digital economy are presented. The results of the study deepen the fundamental aspects of higher education management, in particular from the standpoint of improving approaches to choosing priority trajectories for the development of distance learning on the basis of its digitalization to solve urgent problems of staffing post-war recovery and innovative development of the Ukrainian economy in the context of technological transformations caused by the fourth industrial revolution.
The Use of Computer Technologies in the Era of the Digital Economy
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Semenchenko Nataliia V. , Yukhymovych Artem M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Storozhenko Pavlo O. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the assessment of the use of computer technologies in the economy. The impact of digital technologies on the development of domestic companies is described, changes in economic indicators are evaluated, taking into account the implementation of digital economy solutions. The article discusses the use of computer technologies in the agricultural sector, the medical industry and the sphere of State regulation. Real examples of the introduction of automation and robotization at large production enterprises and their positive impact on the economic condition of the company, in compliance with environmental norms and standards of Industry 5.0 are presented. When considering the agrarian industry, progressive strategies for the use of artificial intelligence, Big Data technologies, remote process control are allocated, which increased competitiveness and contributed to the transition of companies from the local market to the international one. In the course of a heuristic study of the medical field, it was found that robotization affected the improvement of economic indicators, which was caused by an increase in the efficiency and quality of production of medicines with the international GMP standard. It is found that the computerization of document management and time management systems contributed to improving the level of trust in public medical services provided by doctors. The analysis of statistical data has shown that the number of enterprises using digital technologies in the management and sale of goods is increasing, so the introduction of automation and robotization is necessary to improve the performance of enterprises. Analysis of the volume of digital trade in monetary terms showed a significant increase over the studied period of time due to the introduction of computer technologies. The article states that digitalization and automation have a positive impact on the economic activity of companies not only at the micro level, since the digitalization strategies of companies can be transferred to the macro level and applied in all spheres of life. Prospects for further research include an analysis of the economic impact of digitalization, the search for optimal solutions for automating processes while reducing the cost of technology.
The System of Counteracting External Threats to the Economic Security of the Enterprise
Authors:   Donbass State Academy of Machine Building, Mykhaylychenko Natalya M. , Svynarenko Tetiana I. ,   Donbass State Academy of Machine Building
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to study and systematize approaches to the development of a set of measures aimed at countering external threats to the economic security of enterprise. The article analyzes the structure of threats to the economic security of enterprise and proposes a classification of external threats by the level of occurrence, the allocation of which at the organizational level of the subsystem of counteraction to external threats to economic security should be the first step towards improving the system of economic security of enterprise. The necessity of introduction of an information-analytical system at the enterprise, which should ensure prompt and continuous monitoring, as well as analysis of risk factors and their tendencies, is substantiated. Based on the results of the carried out study, it is proposed in the process of developing a set of measures to counteract external threats to the economic security of enterprise to take into account the classification of threats by the levels at which they occur. Thus, it is recommended to build a three-component set of measures to counter external threats, consisting of: a set of measures to counter threats to the competitive (sectoral) environment; a set of measures to counteract threats to the economic security of the enterprise that occur at the level of the national economy; a set of measures to counter global threats and threats occurring at the international level. An efficient system of counteraction to external threats to the economic security of enterprise will serve as the basis for ensuring the financial component of the overall economic security of the enterprise, ensure the development of its material and technical support and strengthening of competitive positions, and as a result, will become the basis for maintaining a high level of financial and economic efficiency regardless of changes in the sectoral, national-economic and global-economic environment.
Identification of Bacterial Composition of the Nostrils of Primary School Children; Case Study of FUDMA Staff School, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State
Authors: Johnson Winner Omoje , Wata Innocent John , Musa Habibu , Abdulmalik Umaru , Mzungu Ignatius
Published: June 2024

The nasal microbiome consists of a diverse community of microorganisms, with bacteria which are essential for maintaining nasal and respiratory health. This research work aimed at identifying the bacterial composition of the nostrils of primary school-aged children at Federal University Dustin-Ma; staff School, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina, Nigeria. Sterile swab sticks were used to collect 25 samples of each male and female primary school children enrolled at FUDMA Staff School. The samples were then transported to the Department of Microbiology of FUDMA for analysis. Standard laboratory techniques were used for the isolation and identification of the organisms. Results revealed that all samples collected had three main bacterial species which include: Staphylococcus spp. 46(92%), Streptococcus spp. 37(74%), and Corynebacterium spp. 7(14%). Demographic factors like age and gender slightly affect bacterial composition. Children aged 8-10 had the highest bacterial colony counts, likely due to differences in personal hygiene, with males showing a slightly higher bacterial presence. Children exposed to smoke and household pets had higher colony counts of 103 and 96CFU/ml respectively than those not exposed. Additionally, the sources of drinking water all showed different profiles, well water had the highest mean colony count of 98CFU/ml and Borehole water had the lowest mean colony count of 66CFU/ml. The research highlights the importance of understanding the bacterial composition of the nasal microbiome in children. Hence, there is a need to create proper awareness among the general populace on the effects of the factors that influence the nascent nasal microbiome of nostrils among primary school children.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PSICOMOTRICIDADE NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM DE CRIANÇAS
Authors: Silva Mailany Ramos , Marques-Oliveira Gleuber Henrique
Published: June 2024

A infância e a adolescência são períodos essenciais para a aprendizagem. Dessa forma, várias pesquisas no campo da neuropsicologia baseadas na função e estrutura cerebral, mostram existir uma relação entre habilidades motoras e cognição. Diante desse contexto, este estudo buscou investigar as evidências na literatura científica sobre o impacto do trabalho psicomotor no processo de aprendizagem de crianças. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa utilizando o método Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) para realizar um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados eletrônicas. As evidências encontradas apontam para um impacto positivo da psicomotricidade no processo de aprendizagem de alguma habilidade, como leitura, escrita e/ou memória. Alguns modelos biológicos e teóricos dão sustentação para essa interação entre as habilidades motoras e o aprendizado. Contudo, esses mesmos dados na literatura mostram que a abordagem com a criança precisa ser planejada e estruturada para fins de desenvolvimento psicomotor. O simples fato de se disponibilizar aulas de educação física para as crianças não implica em garantia de melhora do desenvolvimento moto. O contexto e o ambiente em que a criança está inserida exercem grande influência na aquisição de habilidade motoras. A presente revisão reforça a necessidade de um adequado trabalho da psicomotricidade, por professores especializados nesse campo de conhecimento, e abre caminho para uma nova perspectiva de reforma curricular da educação física. Desde que trabalhada corretamente, a psicomotricidade pode contribuir significativamente para a aprendizagem de crianças.
PRIMEIROS SOCORROS E A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR, UM OLHAR SOBRE O CONHECIMENTO TEÓRICO DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Soares Wellington Danilo , De Jesus Wiliam Damião Gonçalves , Rodrigues Vinicius Dias , Carneiro André Luiz Gomes
Published: June 2024

Os primeiros socorros definem-se como o primeiro procedimento de urgência prestado ao cidadão visando minimizar os riscos eminentes de morte ou agravos a sua saúde. Devido ao público infantil, as escolas apresentam-se como locais com grande potencial para ocorrência de acidentes. O objetivo foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento teórico relacionado aos primeiros socorros dos professores de Educação Física da rede pública de ensino. Participaram da pesquisa 30 professores de Educação Física de escolas da rede municipal e estadual de ensino da cidade de Montes Claros, MG. O instrumento utilizado foi um questionário adaptado contendo quinze questões fechadas, com 4 alternativas sendo apenas uma correta. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário de forma on-line através do Google Forms, os dados foram tratados no programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), versão 29.0 para Windows, onde foi realizado analise descritiva dos dados com valores de mínimo, máximo, média, desvio padrão, frequência real e absoluta. Ao final participaram do estudo 30 professores de Educação Física, onde foi possível ser analisado um aproveitamento de 69,8% de respostas corretas, demonstrando um bom grau de conhecimento dentro do campo dos primeiros socorros. Os resultados nos permitiram depreender que o conhecimento dos professores de Educação Física foi considerado satisfatório. Entretanto para que se melhore os resultados é necessário um cumprimento integral da Lei nº 13.722/2018, com investimento em capacitações e uma educação continuada pelos Poderes Públicos, garantindo assim um ambiente seguro a vida dos discentes.
Evaluation of Scientific Outputs with a Focus at Mass Communication – A Case Study from Slovakia
Authors: Školkay Andrej
Published: June 2024

The analytical-polemical extended book review loosely follows the earlier polemic initiated in the Czech journal Filosofický časopis and complements the descriptive contribution published in the Slovak journal Otázky žurnalistiky. In this way the issue of evaluating scientific outputs is being transferred in the form of a pars pro toto analysis to the field of journalism and mass media research, or mass communication. The main issues of the original discussion, which is relevant globally, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, were: who is responsible for (in many cases) the problematic current state of sciences, in particular, social sciences, and how should we evaluate (and categorise) the outputs of scientists. This contribution argues that the root of the problem is not neo-liberalism (or, for that matter, its twin – capitalism), but the often dysfunctional and, in many cases, largely formal system of (self-)evaluation of scientific outputs. Therefore, the solution lies in carrying out any chosen method of evaluating scientific outputs in a meaningful way. This also means application of a combination of assessment of academic outputs (i.e. use at least two of many appropriate assessment approaches simultaneously). Using the example of output from the field of mass media or mass communication, it is shown that only quantitative reporting of academic outputs (‘metrics’) is not sufficient. Moreover, only in the qualitative evaluation there is present the criterion of the usefulness of scientific outputs for society that should be taken into account. At the same time, in this way the statistical method of reporting scientific activity retrospectively is verified. In the end, this combined approach will also answer whether it makes sense for the society to finance any research or publication activity down to the level of a particular researcher. In this context, the contribution points to the problematic scientific and pedagogical value, and generally low social value, of a specific output in the field of the philosophy of communication, claimed to be a ‘scientific monograph’ originally intended as a theoretical guide for scientific research in the given area.
Investigation of Proton Radiation Effect on Indium Gallium Nitride Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Baba Tamana , Javed Yasir , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Ali Turab , Hasbullah Nurul Fadzlin
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the effects of proton radiation on the electrical and optical properties of InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs). InGaN LEDs are known for their high brightness and efficiency, making them useful in various applications. However, they are vulnerable to radiation damage, which can degrade their performance over time. In this study, InGaN LEDs were exposed to proton radiation with the fluences of 1 × 1013 cm-2, 3 × 1013 cm-2 and 3 × 1014 cm-2 and their electrical and optical properties were measured before and after irradiation. Results show that proton radiation causes asignificant increase in the reverse leakage current. The light intensity also increases due to radiation. These changes are attributed to radiation-induced defects created in the LED material. The findings of this study provide important insights into the reliability and durability of InGaN LEDs in space and other radiation environments.
Research on occurrence features and ways to improve the quality of productive hydrocarbon horizons demarcation
Authors: Koroviaka Ye. A , Stavychnyi Ye. M , Martsynkiv O. B , Ihnatov A. O , Yavorskyi A. V
Published: June 2024

Purpose. On the base of the geological cross-section analysis of the productive stratum and the features of the filtration-capacitance characteristics of the reservoir rocks, to develop effective technological fastening schemes for the delimitation of closely located different-pressure and different-saturated horizons on the example of the Romny group deposits. Methodology. The proposed work is an analytical and production research on the geological-and-lithological structure features of borehole sections of the Romny structure and the results of their drilling and cementing based on the analysis of electrical, pulsed neutron-neutron, acoustic and other types of loggings. The data on the spectrum of the oil and gas boreholes properties cores was obtained on the basis of macroscopic description, methodical and practical methods of lithological, sedimentological, and facies analysis. The filtration capacity of permeable reservoir rocks was examined with the application of the Darcy’s device. Modern methods of experimental research analysis using mathematical and physical modeling techniques, methods for processing research results in SolidWorks, STATGRAPHICS, MATHSAD, EXCEL, control and measuring devices were applied. Findings. It has been established that currently applied fastening methods do not provide the prerequisites for high-quality delineation of productive horizons, as a result of which interlayer flows occur, that is lead to the loss of the potential flow rate of the boreholes and increasing in the cost of hydrocarbon production. A new design of the borehole is proposed in order to increase the reliability of the fastening. It has been proven that the effectiveness of opening oil-saturated reservoirs increases with the application of specialized drilling flushing fluids capable of minimizing the risk of their clogging. The necessity of cementing the production column and the shank with tamponage materials based on composite cements is substantiated, while effective buffer systems should be applied to separate process fluids. Originality. On the base of the systematization and correlation of the geophysical material, the specific features of the structure of the productive strata of B-18 and B-19 horizons were evaluated as well as the nature and degree of saturation, the filtration-capacity characteristics of the seams. It has been proven that in order to reliably cover the high-pressure water-bearing horizon B-18 with an operational column, it is recommended to include packer systems of various types of activation in the equipment. Practical value. On the basis of the detailed multifaceted results of laboratory and industrial testing and analytical model research, technological solutions have been developed for boreholes fastening in the conditions of the occurrence of closely located productive horizons of different pressures and different saturations on the example of the Romny group deposits.
The use of the CityGML standard for a 3D GIS of underground and open-pit mines
Authors: Pham C. V , Nguyen L. Q , Cao C. X , Le C. V , Nguyen T. G , Le H. T. T
Published: June 2024

Purpose. The research aims to address the challenges posed by the integration of diverse methods, focusing on data collection techniques and level of detail (LoD) considerations, which facilitates the creation of detailed 3D models. The CityGML standard is employed for its ability to represent complex urban features, adapted here for mining environments. Methodology. Combining Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technologies to collect data for open-pit and underground coal mines. These data are processed to generate point clouds, which are then used to create 3D models of mining structures using Sketchup and REVIT. Finally, these models are converted into the CityGML standard using FME SAFE software. Findings. Through the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Terrestrial Laser Scanning technologies, precise point cloud data for open-pit and underground structures are acquired. CityGML serves as a suitable framework for digital mine representation, offering standardized data organization and exchange. The proposed methodology optimizes data collection and processing procedures, ensuring accuracy and efficiency in model creation. Notably, the study introduces a nuanced approach to LoD selection, considering the complexity and specific requirements of different mining structures. Originality. The article innovatively combines UAV and TLS technologies with the CityGML standard to create comprehensive 3D GIS models for coal mines operating with both open-pit and underground methods, addressing the unique challenges of modeling diverse mining structures and terrain features. Practical value. The practical value of the article lies in its provision of a systematic approach using UAV and TLS technologies, coupled with the CityGML standard, to create accurate 3D GIS models for coal mines employing both open-pit and underground methods. This methodology enhances mine management efficiency, resource estimation accuracy, and safety assessment capabilities.