bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση σε μαθητές γυμνασίου για την καταπολέμηση του ψυχιατρικού στίγματος
Authors: Οικονόμου Μαρίνα , Γραμανδάνη Χριστίνα , Λουκή Ελένη , Σεργιάννη Χριστίνα , Σταλίκας Αναστάσιος
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Κοινωνική φοβία: Φαινομενολογία, κλινική εικόνα και αποτελεσματικές θεραπείες
Authors: Λιβανού Μαρία , Κασβίκης Γιάννης , Μπούτου Φρόσω
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Συγκριτική μελέτη αξιολόγησης του στρες και της επιβάρυνσης μητέρων παιδιών με αυτισμό και παιδιών με νοητική υστέρηση
Authors: Σινανίδου Μαρία
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Third-party reproduction
Authors: Burns Linda Hammer , C. Klock Susan
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Children of assisted reproductive technology: Medical and psycological issues
Authors: A. Greenfeld Dorothy
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Κατάλογος ελέγχου για την ανίχνευση προβλημάτων συμπεριφοράς στην προσχολική ηλικία
Authors: Μανωλίτσης Γεώργιος , Τάφα Ευφημία
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα και προσδοκίες αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας: Μια μελέτη μεταναστών και παλιννοστούντων εφήβων
Authors: Μόττη-Στεφανίδη Φρόσω , Παυλόπουλος Βασίλης , Τάκης Νίκος , Ντάλλα Μαρίνα , Παπαθανασίου Αθανασία Χρυσούλα , Masten Ann S.
Published: February 2021

The abstract is available in the PDF
Introduction: 2020 Franz Edelman Award for Achievement in Advanced Analytics, Operations Research, and Management Science
Authors: Dewan Pooja , Milne R. John
Published: February 2021

This special issue of the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics (formerly Interfaces) is devoted to the finalists of the 49th annual competition for the Franz Edelman Award for Achievement in Advanced Analytics, Operations Research, and Management Science, the profession’s most prestigious award for deployed work. As in previous years, the finalists this year cover a wide range of industries and functions.
IBM Predictive Analytics Reduces Server Downtime
Authors: Bogojeska Jasmina , Giurgiu Ioana , Stark George , Wiesmann Dorothea
Published: February 2021

IBM has deployed its Predictive Analytics for Server Incident Reduction (PASIR) solution to more than 360 information technology (IT) environments worldwide since 2013. These environments, covering sectors from banking to travel to e-commerce, are serviced by IBM support groups. Incidents occurring on servers, including problem descriptions and resolutions, are documented in client account-specific ticket management systems. PASIR uses machine learning to classify the incident tickets within an IT environment and identify high-impact incidents that involve server outages by using the respective ticket descriptions and resolutions. It then correlates these high-impact tickets with server properties and utilization measurements to identify problematic server configurations. Finally, for such configurations, PASIR uses statistical multivariate analysis and simulation methods to prescribe improvement and modernization actions. In this paper, we present the results achieved from deploying this solution. We describe the PASIR approach, from ticket classification to the recommendations of remediation actions (e.g., hardware and software upgrades). We demonstrate the model’s effectiveness by comparing predictions on the impact of prescriptive actions with actual system improvements. Since 2013, we have applied PASIR to more than 840,000 client servers, resulting in more precise upgrade spending and environmental stability, thus saving our clients an estimated $7 billion.
A Model of Queue Scalping
Authors: Yang Luyi , Wang Zhongbin , Cui Shiliang
Published: February 2021

Recent years have witnessed the rise of queue scalping in congestion-prone service systems. A queue scalper has no material interest in the primary service but proactively enters the queue in hopes of selling his spot later. This paper develops a queueing-game-theoretic model of queue scalping and generates the following insights. First, we find that queues with either a very small or very large demand volume may be immune to scalping, whereas queues with a nonextreme demand volume may attract the most scalpers. Second, in the short run, when capacity is fixed, the presence of queue scalping often increases social welfare and can increase or reduce system throughput, but it tends to reduce consumer surplus. Third, in the long run, the presence of queue scalping motivates a welfare-maximizing service provider to adjust capacity using a “pull-to-center” rule, increasing (respectively, reducing) capacity if the original capacity level is low (respectively, high). When the service provider responds by expanding capacity, the presence of queue scalping can increase social welfare, system throughput, and even consumer surplus in the long run, reversing its short-run detrimental effect on customers. Despite these potential benefits, such capacity expansion does little to mitigate scalping and may only generate more scalpers in the queue. Finally, we compare and contrast queue scalping with other common mechanisms in practice—namely, (centralized) pay-for-priority, line sitting, and callbacks.

This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez de Albéniz, operations management.
Strategic Inventories Under Supply Chain Competition
Authors: Li Xi , Li Yanzhi , Chen Ying-Ju
Published: February 2021

Problem definition: We consider the effects of strategic inventory (SI) in the presence of chain-to-chain competition in a two-period model. Academic/practical relevance: Established findings suggest that SI may alleviate double marginalization and improve the efficiency of a decentralized distribution channel. However, no studies consider the role of SI under chain-to-chain competition. Methodology: We build a two-period model consisting of two competing supply chains, each with an upstream manufacturer and an exclusive retailer. The retailers compete on either price or quantity. We characterize the firms’ strategies under the concept of perfect Bayesian equilibrium. We consider cases where contracts are either observable or unobservable across supply chains. Results: (1) SI still exists under chain-to-chain competition. Retailers may carry more inventory when the competition becomes fiercer, which further intensifies the supply chain competition. (2) Different from the existing findings, SI may backfire and hurt all firms. Interestingly, firms may benefit from a higher inventory holding cost. (3) Under supply chain competition, the prisoner’s dilemma can arise if competition intensity is intermediate; in other words, manufacturers are better off without strategic inventory, and yet they cannot help allowing strategic inventory, which is the unique equilibrium. Managerial implications: Despite its appeal among firms of a single supply chain, the role of SI is altered or even reversed by chain-to-chain competition. Conventional wisdom on SI should be applied with caution.
Report on the BANCC digital health technology webinar
Authors: Spencer Charles
Published: February 2021

After attending the second of a series of webinars held by the BANCC, cardiology advanced clinical practitioner and BANCC member Charles Spencer reports on the discussions and learning points that were raised around the theme of digital health and technology.
Body dysmorphic disorder in children and young people
Authors: Watson Chloe , Ban Sasha
Published: February 2021

The incidence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in young people is increasing. Causes of BDD are related to the prevalence of social media and adolescent development, especially the role that brain neuroplasticity has on influencing perception. There are long-term impacts of BDD, including depression and suicide. Prevention and promotion of positive body image are part of the nurse's role; treatment can prevent unnecessary aesthetic surgical interventions.
Note-taking by nursing students: the case for implementing writing strategies to encourage best practice
Authors: Tavener-Smith Taryn
Published: February 2021

Background:

Note-taking is an integral component of professional nursing practice. If students are to complete this effectively, a range of teaching, learning and assessment strategies are required to support their development of this skill.

Objectives:

This study aimed to identify lecturers' perspectives of students' note-taking on placement to identify factors that limit the development of this skill; these perspectives could be used to explore strategies to support students to develop this skill while at university.

Design:

A qualitative study taking a phenomenological approach was carried out.

Participants:

Three senior nursing practice visitors agreed to be interviewed.

Methods:

Semistructured interviews were carried out and thematic analysis carried out to explore lecturers' perspectives of students' experiences of note-taking while on placement. These interviews were intended to obtain detailed accounts of note-taking and allow challenges to be explored.

Results:

Each participant observed and supported students' note-taking within practice placement settings. Three main themes emerged from the data: limitations to students' vocabulary and literacy; inconsistency between trusts resulting in an inability to articulate experience; and note-taking clarity and accuracy.

Conclusion:

Note-taking is central to nurses' education and professional documentation to support best practice and high-quality patient care. Variations in processes between trusts, stringency of standards required by the trusts where students attend placements, and students' writing abilities differ widely, which directly affect the consistency and accuracy of written notes.
Promoting a better standard of care for hepatology patients
Authors: Caddick Katharine
Published: February 2021

Katharine Caddick, Hepatology Clinical Nurse Specialist, North Bristol NHS Trust ( katharine.caddick@nbt.nhs.uk ), runner-up in the BJN Awards 2020 Hepatology/Liver Nurse of the Year category
Reaching out to others
Authors: Price Jolyon
Published: February 2021

As he progresses through his final year towards becoming a fully qualified paramedic and the autonomy that comes with the role, Jolyon Price reflects on how to embrace this clinical independence while not being afraid to reach out to colleagues for fresh perspectives
Managing diabetes care in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Robertson Deborah
Published: February 2021

Deborah Robertson provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to non-medical prescribers. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided
Impact of Covid-19 on people with learning disabilities
Authors: Halliwell Amanda
Published: February 2021

As the world enters the second year of the Covid-19 pandemic, Amanda Halliwell reviews the disproportionate number of deaths of people with learning disabilities from the virus
Effects of Intelligent Carbon Fiber Heater on Pig Behavior, Production Performance, and Energy Consumption
Authors: Li Xiusong , Ye Zhangying , Li Guoming , Shen Pan , Zhu Songming , Zhao Shiguang , Liu Dezhao , Zhang Jie , Shen Zhongyin , Gao Weiwei
Published: February 2021

Highlights

Intelligent carbon fiber heaters (ICFH) increased the tendency of sows to expose their udders toward the heating area.

During the first week after birth, piglets with ICFH used the heating area more frequently and spent less time in the areas close to sows than piglets with incandescent heat lamps (IHL).

ICFH helped to reduce the piglet crushing rate.

Farrowing houses with ICFH can save 40.6% of the electricity usage compared to IHL.

Abstract. Current Chinese heating systems (primarily incandescent heat lamps, IHL) for piglets are energy-consuming, fragile, and short-lived. To overcome these disadvantages, the objectives of this study were to (1) develop an intelligent carbon fiber heater (ICFH) and (2) conduct field experiments to evaluate the performance of the developed heater. The ICFH mainly consisted of an intelligent control unit, a carbon fiber tube, and a heater cover. Three treatments, i.e., ICFH, ICFH with light (ICFHL), and IHL, were respectively assigned to three farrowing pig houses. Pig behaviors, production performance, and electricity usage were recorded in two complete farrowing batches. The results showed that the sows in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments exposed their udders toward the heating area more often than their backs (p < 0.01). Piglets at 1 to 3 days of age in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments increased their time in the heating area by >4.3% (p < 0.01). The proportion of piglets within 0.08 m of the sows was highest for the IHL treatment during 1 to 3 days of age (p < 0.01) but similar among the treatments after day 3 (p = 0.45). The piglet crushing rate in the ICFH and ICFHL treatments was reduced by >2.2% (p < 0.01), while daily weight gain was not significantly different among the treatments (p = 0.16). Using ICFH and ICFHL can reduce electricity usage by 40.6%. It is concluded that the newly developed heater is beneficial for pig thermal comfort, production, and energy savings. Keywords: Automatic sensor technology, Carbon fiber heater, Piglet crushing, PLF.
Policies for evidence: a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape
Authors: Chirau Takunda J. , Blaser-Mapitsa Caitlin , Amisi Matodzi M.
Published: February 2021

Background:

African countries are developing their monitoring and evaluation policies to systematise, structure and institutionalise evaluations and use of evaluative evidence across the government sector. The pace at which evaluations are institutionalised and systematised across African governments is progressing relatively slowly.

Aims and objectives:

This article offers a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape. The article looks at the policies of Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya (not adopted) and Uganda. To achieve the aim we unpack the different characteristics taken by the national evaluation policies, emerging lessons for countries who wish to develop a national evaluation policy, and key challenges faced by countries with regard to evaluation policy development and implementation. The article draws on both a desktop review and action research approaches from the Centre for Learning on Evaluation and Results Anglophone Africa to build national evaluation systems across the region. The approach has included peer learning and co-creation of knowledge around public sector evaluation systems.

Key conclusions:

The national evaluation policies reviewed share certain common features in terms of purpose and composition. They are also struggling with common issues of institutionalising the evaluation system across the public sector. However, there are variations in the countries’ guiding governance frameworks at a national level that shape the nature and content of policies, as well as the ways through which the policies themselves are expected to guide the use of evaluative evidence for decision and policymaking, and programming.
Reconfigurable Network Topology Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Software-Defined Data-Center Networks
Authors: Yang Wen , Guo Bingli , Shang Yu , Huang Shanguo
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a Deep-Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent is implemented and evaluated to enable dynamic topology reconfiguration according to traffic fluctuations and proposes to minimize the network delay.
High-Availability and Resource-Efficiency Slicing for Converged Optical-Wireless Access Networks
Authors: Wu Lianyu , Cui Jiabin , Bai Lin , Ji Yuefeng
Published: February 2021

A high-availability slicing scheme is proposed to establish NG-RAN slicing with ILP model and heuristics. Simulation results show that heuristics can effectively improve the slice availability and produce solutions that approximate well the optimal ILP.
Channel Estimation Method for Nonlinear frequency division multiplexing Systems Based on B-modulation
Authors: Fang Xi , Sui Xin , Fu Yixin , Ding Ding , Hu Ronglei
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we use a training sequence to realize channel estimation for NFDM systems based on the b-coefficient modulation. We discuss the process theoretically and verified the feasibility of the method with simulations.
Advanced Functional Semiconductor Fibers
Authors: Wei Lei
Published: February 2021

We present the recent progress on the precise control on crystal structures and device density of in-fiber semiconductor devices. These fibers are particularly suitable for wearable electronics for full-body sensing.
Field Trial Demonstration of Real-Time 1.2Tb/s (2×600Gb/s) Optical Channel over a Live G.652 Fiber Link Achieving Net Spectral Efficiency of 8bit/s/Hz
Authors: Zhou Yu Rong , Smith Kevin , Duff Steve , Wang Hongbing , Pan Weiwei , Hackett Paul , Tanasoiu Daniel , Zhang Hui , Chen Ming , Gu Huaiqi , Wang Jianwu , Zhang Chao , Zhang Zhuhong
Published: February 2021

We report a successful field trial of real-time 1.2Tb/s(2×600Gb/s) optical channel within 150GHz spectral width over a live ~16km G.652 fiber link using only EDFAs, achieving long-term error-free performance with net spectral efficiency of 8bit/s/Hz.
Fiber optic evanescent wave humidity sensor based on SiO2/TiO2 bilayer films
Authors: Huang Xixi , Lai Min , Zhao Ziming , Yang Yang , Li Jinze , Song Huatang , He Jixiang , Ma Yan , Liu Bo
Published: February 2021

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bilayer thin-film-based fiber optic
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layer on

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film shows two-segmented linearity
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are 25 s and 50 s, respectively. To our knowledge, the superior
response time and recovery time of the sensor in our study were
achieved over those fiber optic humidity sensors reported with
modulation in intensity. Furthermore, this fiber optic humidity sensor
has a good reproducibility and long-term stability. The sensing
mechanism is attributed to effects of moisture on the refractive index
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film and modulation in the
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Demodulation of noisy interferograms with rapid phase variations and amplitude fluctuations using a surrogate principle-based optimization method
Authors: Vithin Allaparthi Venkata Satya , Vishnoi Ankur , Gannavarpu Rajshekhar
Published: February 2021

This paper presents an optimization-based method for phase extraction
from interferograms corrupted with noise, rapid phase variations, and
localized amplitude fluctuations. In the proposed method, the phase
retrieval problem is addresed by modeling a cost function using
non-convex non-smooth total generalized variational regularization.
Further, the surrogate principle is used to transform the cost
function into convex form for convenient optimization framework.
Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the method. We also
show the experimental utility of the proposed method for onion cell
imaging using digital holographic microscopy.
Debye series expansion for light scattering by a charged sphere
Authors: Zhuang Wenze , Li Renxian , Liang Jiarui , Jia Yongjie
Published: February 2021

Debye series expansion (DSE) is developed for electromagnetic (light) scattering by a charged sphere. By comparing our results with Mie theory (for a charged sphere) and with DSE (for a neutral sphere), we verify our theory numerically. DSE is employed for calculation of far-field intensity, and absorption and extinction efficiencies of charged spherical particles illuminated by a plane wave. The influences of various parameters (including surface charge, refractive index, size parameters, Debye mode, etc.) are studied. The rainbow produced by charged particles is analyzed. These results are of great significance in many fields including particle sizing, optical tweezers, etc.
Four-wave mixing in a ladder configuration of warm 87Rb atoms: a theoretical study
Authors: Noh Heung-Ryoul , Seb Moon Han
Published: February 2021

We present a theoretical study of the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectra of 5S1/2 − 5P3/2 − 5D5/2 ladder-type transitions of 87Rb atoms. The density matrix equations are solved by considering all the magnetic sublevels to calculate the FWM signals in the atomic vapor cell. These results are subsequently compared with the experimental results. We observe that the FWM signal propagating exactly opposite to the driving field is measured experimentally. Additionally, we demonstrate the effects of optical depth, laser linewidths, and the coupling field power on the FWM spectra. Finally, the origin of the dispersive-like FWM signal is investigated by intentionally varying the intrinsic atomic properties.
Scalar and vector supermode solitons owing to competing nonlocal nonlinearities
Authors: Ramaniuk Aleksandr , Trippenbach Marek , Jung Pawel S. , Christodoulides Demetrios N. , Krolikowski Wieslaw , Assanto Gaetano
Published: February 2021

We investigate scalar and vector multi-hump spatial solitons resulting from competing Kerr-like nonlinear responses excited in a nonlocal medium by either one or two (mutually incoherent) light beams. Two-color vector supermode solitons are more amenable to control but exhibit an intriguing form of spontaneous symmetry breaking in propagation.
Optical coupling of overlapping nanopillars
Authors: Dmitriev Alexey A. , Rybin Mikhail V.
Published: February 2021

Engineering of nanophotonic devices for controlling light requires deep understanding of the interaction between their subwavelength structure elements. Theoretical approaches based on the multiple scattering theory provide simple analytics valuable for design. However, they consider different elements separated by the surrounding medium. Here, we develop an approach to study wave coupling in the case of overlapping particles. We consider the simplest system—a dimer of nanopillars—and find that it can be described by a three-oscillator model. Two modes correspond to the multipole response of isolated particles that interact through radiating and evanescent waves in accordance with the conventional multiple scattering theory, but there exists a third effective non-resonant oscillator supporting a direct mode coupling via the intersecting part. Our simple model yields results with a reliable agreement with numerical simulations and allows insight into the physical processes underlying the collective response of a cluster of overlapped subwavelength particles.
Broadband absorption mechanism based on quantum dot glass for filtering field
Authors: Li Panpan , Duan Yongmin , Lu Yang , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Junjie
Published: February 2021

Traditional filters are faced with the problems of high price and complex preparation process. It is necessary to find a new method or material to make up for these shortcomings. In this Letter,

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quantum dots gradually shifted to red due to the quantum confinement effect. In addition, the intrinsic photoluminescence intensity of

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quantum dots was reduced by

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glass, which could shield a short wavelength of 200–530 nm. The uniformly distributed quantum dots ensure high transmittance (

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) of a long wavelength (560–800 nm), demonstrating that the quantum dot glass material has a broad application prospect as a shortwave shielding material.
Probing Ultrafast Photochemical Reaction at Water Surface by Heterodyne-Detected Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation
Authors: Kusaka Ryoji , Nihonyanagi Satoshi , Tahara Tahei
Published: February 2021

Heterodyne-detected vibrational sum frequency generation (HD-VSFG) is a powerful probe to reveal structure and dynamics at interfaces. We present femtosecond time-resolved vibrational tracking of a photochemical reaction at water surface realized for the first time.
Major antigen and paramyosin proteins as candidate biomarkers for serodiagnosis of canine infection by zoonotic Onchocerca lupi
Authors: Latrofa Maria Stefania , Palmisano Giuseppe , Annoscia Giada , Pierri Ciro Leonardo , Chandrashekar Ramaswamy , Otranto Domenico
Published: February 2021

Onchocerca lupi (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) is a filarial worm parasitizing domestic carnivores and humans. Adult nematodes usually localize beneath in the sclera or in the ocular retrobulbar of infected animals, whilst microfilariae are found in the skin. Therefore, diagnosis of O. lupi is achieved by microscopic and/or molecular detection of microfilariae from skin biopsy and/or surgical removal of adults from ocular tissues of infected hosts. An urgent non-invasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of O. lupi in dog is mandatory. In this study, an immunoproteomic analyses was performed using a combination of immunoblotting and mass spectrometry techniques. Onchocerca lupi major antigen (Ol-MJA) and paramyosin (Ol-PARA) proteins were identified as potential biomarkers for serodiagnosis. Linear epitopes were herein scanned for both proteins using high-density peptide microarray. Sera collected from dog infected with O. lupi and healthy animal controls led to the identification of 11 immunodominant antigenic peptides (n = 7 for Ol-MJA; n = 4 for Ol-PARA). These peptides were validated using sera of dogs uniquely infected with the most important filarioids infesting dogs either zoonotic (Dirofilaria repens, Dirofilaria immitis) or not (Acanthocheilonema reconditum and Cercopithifilaria bainae). Overall, six antigenic peptides, three for Ol-MJA and for Ol-PARA, respectively, were selected as potential antigens for the serological detection of canine O. lupi infection. The molecular and proteomic dataset herein reported should provide a useful resource for studies on O. lupi toward supporting the development of new interventions (drugs, vaccines and diagnostics) against canine onchocercosis.
Generalized Vertical Components of built-up areas from global Digital Elevation Models by multi-scale linear regression modelling
Authors: Pesaresi Martino , Corbane Christina , Ren Chao , Edward Ng
Published: February 2021

The estimation of the vertical components of built-up areas from free Digital Elevation Model (DEM) global data filtered by multi-scale convolutional, morphological and textural transforms are generalized at the spatial resolution of 250 meters using linear least-squares regression techniques. Six test cases were selected: Hong Kong, London, New York, San Francisco, Sao Paulo, and Toronto. Five global DEM and two DEM composites are evaluated in terms of 60 combinations of linear, morphological and textural filtering and different generalization techniques. Four generalized vertical components estimates of built-up areas are introduced: the Average Gross Building Height (AGBH), the Average Net Building Height (ANBH), the Standard Deviation of Gross Building Height (SGBH), and the Standard Deviation of Net Building Height (SNBH). The study shows that the best estimation of thenetGVC of built-up areas given by the ANBH and SNBH, always contains a greater error than their correspondinggrossGVC estimation given by the AGBH and SGBH, both in terms of mean and standard deviation. Among the sources evaluated in this study, the best DEM source for estimating the GVC of built-up areas with univariate linear regression techniques is a composite of the 1-arcsec Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM30) and the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) World 3D–30 m (AW3D30) using the union operator (CMP_SRTM30-AW3D30_U). A multivariate linear model was developed using 16 satellite features extracted from the CMP_SRTM30-AW3D30_U enriched by other land cover sources, to estimate the gross GVC. A RMSE of 2.40 m and 3.25 m was obtained for the AGBH and the SGBH, respectively. A similar multivariate linear model was developed to estimate the net GVC. A RMSE of 6.63 m and 4.38 m was obtained for the ANBH and the SNBH, respectively. The main limiting factors on the use of the available global DEMs for estimating the GVC of built-up areas are two. First, the horizontal resolution of these sources (circa 30 and 90 meters) corresponds to a sampling size that is larger than the expected average horizontal size of built-up structures as detected from nadir-angle Earth Observation (EO) data, producing more reliable estimates for gross vertical components than for net vertical component of built-up areas. Second, post-production processing targeting Digital Terrain Model specifications may purposely filter out the information on the vertical component of built-up areas that are contained in the global DEMs. Under the limitations of the study presented here, these results show a potential for using global DEM sources in order to derive statistically generalized parameters describing the vertical characteristics of built-up areas, at the scale of 250x250 meters. However, estimates need to be evaluated in terms of the specific requirements of target applications such as spatial population modelling, urban morphology, climate studies and so on.
Effect of pre-operative bicarbonate infusion on maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with obstructed labour in Mbale hospital: A double blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Musaba Milton W. , Wandabwa Julius N. , Ndeezi Grace , Weeks Andrew D. , Mukunya David , Waako Paul , Nankabirwa Victoria , Mugabe Kenneth Tulya-muhika , Semakula Daniel , Tumwine James K. , Barageine Justus K.
Published: February 2021

Introduction

Oral bicarbonate solution is known to improve both maternal and perinatal outcomes among women with abnormal labour (dystocia). Its effectiveness and safety among women with obstructed labour is not known.

Objective

To determine the effect and safety of a single-dose preoperative infusion of sodium bicarbonate on maternal and fetal blood lactate and clinical outcomes among women with obstructed labour (OL) in Mbale hospital.

Methods

We conducted a double blind, randomised controlled trial from July 2018 to September 2019. The participants were women with OL at term (≥37 weeks gestation), carrying a singleton pregnancy with no other obstetric emergency, medical comorbidity or laboratory derangements.

Intervention

A total of 477 women with OL were randomized to receive 50ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (238 women) or 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride (239 women). In both the intervention and controls arms, each participant was preoperatively given a single dose intravenous bolus. Every participant received 1.5 L of normal saline in one hour as part of standard preoperative care.

Outcome measures

Our primary outcome was the mean difference in maternal venous blood lactate at one hour between the two arms. The secondary outcomes were umbilical cord blood lactate levels at birth, neonatal sepsis and early neonatal death upto 7 days postnatal, as well as the side effects of sodium bicarbonate, primary postpartum hemorrhage, maternal sepsis and mortality at 14 days postpartum.

Results

The median maternal venous lactate was 6.4 (IQR 3.3–12.3) in the intervention and 7.5 (IQR 4.0–15.8) in the control group, with a statistically non-significant median difference of 1.2 mmol/L; p-value = 0.087. Vargha and Delaney effect size was 0.46 (95% CI 0.40–0.51) implying very little if any effect at all.

Conclusion

The 4.2g of preoperative intravenous sodium bicarbonate was safe but made little or no difference on blood lactate levels.

Trial registration

PACTR201805003364421.
Bisphenol-C is the strongest bifunctional ERα-agonist and ERβ-antagonist due to magnified halogen bonding
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Suyama Keitaro , Nose Takeru , Shimohigashi Miki , Shimohigashi Yasuyuki
Published: February 2021

We reported that bisphenol AF (BPAF) works as an agonist for estrogen receptor (ER) ERα but as an antagonist for ERβ. Similar results were observed for bisphenol E analogs (BPE-X) such as BPE-F, BPE-Cl, and BPE-Br, each consisting of a series of a tri-halogenated methyl group CX3 in the central alkyl moiety. It was demonstrated that the electrostatic halogen bond based on the dispersion force of halogen atoms is a major driving force in the activities of bifunctional ERα-agonist and ERβ-antagonist. Since the chlorine atoms present in bisphenol C (BPC) exist in a π-π conjugated system due to the presence of an adjacent C = C double bond, we intended to prove that BPC is also a bifunctional ERα-agonist and ERβ-antagonist exhibiting greatly enhanced agonist/antagonist activities. BPC was evaluated for its ability to activate ERα and ERβ in the luciferase reporter gene assay using HeLa cells. With high receptor-binding ability to both ERs, BPC was found to be fully active for ERα but inactive for ERβ. BPC’s definite antagonist activity in ERβ was revealed by its inhibitory activity against 17β-estradiol. Thus, BPC is a bifunctional ERα-agonist and ERβ-antagonist. These agonist/antagonist activities were discovered to be extremely high among series of halogen-containing bisphenol compounds. This comparative structure-activity study revealed that the ascending order of ERα-agonist and ERβ-antagonist activities was BPE-F ≪ BPE-Cl ≲ BPAF < BPE-Br ≪ BPC. The highly intensified receptor interaction of BPC is attributable to the presence of an n-π-π-n conjugation system mediated through the >C = CCl2 double bond.
Isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from cattle, goat, and chicken meats in Mekelle, Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Yohans , Gugsa Getachew , Awol Nesibu , Ahmed Meselu , Tsegaye Yisehak , Abebe Nigus , Bsrat Abrha
Published: February 2021

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are globally recognized as a major cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 in Mekelle city to isolate, identify, and estimate the prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in raw meat samples and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. A total of 384 raw meat samples were randomly collected from bovine (n = 210), goat (n = 108), and chicken (n = 66), and isolation and identification of Campylobacter spp. were performed using standard bacteriological techniques and PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using disc diffusion method. Of the total 384 raw meat samples, 64 (16.67%) were found positive for Campylobacter spp. The highest prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found in chicken meat (43.93%) followed by bovine meat (11.90%) and goat meat (9.25%). The most prevalent Campylobacter spp. isolated from meat samples was C. jejuni (81.25%). The overall prevalence of Campylobacter in restaurants, butcher shops, and abattoir was 43.93%, 18.30%, and 9.30%, respectively. 96.8%, 81.25%, 75%, and 71% of the Campylobacter spp. isolates were sensitive to norfloxacin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, respectively. However, 96.9%, 85.9%, and 50% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and streptomycin, respectively. Strains that developed multi-drug resistant were 68.7%. The result of this study revealed the occurrence of Campylobacter in bovine, goat, and chicken meats. Hence, there is a chance of acquiring infection via consumption of raw or undercooked meat. Thus, implementation of hygienic practices from a slaughterhouse to the retailers, proper handling and cooking of foods of meat are very important in preventing Campylobacter infection.
Trends in breast cancer incidence in Ho Chi Minh City 1996–2015: A registry-based study
Authors: Pham Dung X. , Ho Thao-Quyen H. , Bui Tung D. , Ho-Pham Lan T. , Nguyen Tuan V.
Published: February 2021

The burden of breast cancer in Vietnam has not been documented. This study sought to estimate the incidence of breast cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, the largest economic center of Vietnam, from 1996 to 2015. This was a population-based study using the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry as a source of data (coverage period: 1996–2015). The Registry adopted the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd Edition for the classification of primary sites and morphology, and guidelines from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the International Association of Cancer Registries. Using the population statistics from census data of Ho Chi Minh City, the point incidence of breast cancer for 5-year period was estimated. Based on the national population, we calculated the age-standardized rate (ASR) of breast cancer between 1996 and 2015. Overall 14,222 new cases of breast cancer (13,948 women, or 98%) had been registered during the 1996–2015 period; among whom, just over half (52%) were in the 2nd stage and 26% in the 3rd and 4th stages. In women, the median age at diagnosis was 50 years and there was a slight increase over time. The ASR of breast cancer during the 2011–2015 period was 107.4 cases per 100,000 women, representing an increase of 70% compared to the rate during the 1996–2000 period. In men, there was also a significant increase in the ASR: from 1.13 during the 1996–2001 period to 2.32 per 100,000 men during the 2011–2015 period. These very first data from Vietnam suggest that although the incidence of breast cancer in Vietnam remains relatively low, it has increased over time.
Female participation in Colombian metal: An initial approach
Authors: Córdoba Jesús Antonio , Cuchivague Karen Ortiz
Published: February 2021

Cultural expressions reflect the ways in which a society represents its traditions, its interpretations of the world, and the views of the people that develop within it. Likewise, they are capable of representing a system of gender roles that are reproduced and legitimized through them. Rock and metal music, as artistic expressions, can reproduce differentiated male and female roles that, in turn, reproduce inequality and an uneven access to opportunities. This has been constant in Colombian society; therefore, uncovering these manifestations and seeking ways to question and transform these roles have become increasingly important tasks. In this short article, we describe some characteristics of female participation in Colombian metal, and how this intervention responds to the particularities of its context. We approach this objective by analysing testimonies of women who currently work as metal and rock artists in Colombia.
Metalmorphosen: Die unwahrscheinlichen Wandlungen des Heavy Metal, Jörg Scheller (2020)
Authors: Pichler Peter
Published: February 2021

Review of: Metalmorphosen: Die unwahrscheinlichen Wandlungen des Heavy Metal, Jörg Scheller (2020)

Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 286 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-51512-638-0, p/bk, €24.00
EHUko Pedagogia Gradua lanbide anitzetarako prestatzen: ikasleen asebete eta iritzietan eta irakasleen pertzepzioan oinarritutako analisia
Authors: Altuna Jon , Madinabeitia Alba , Marko Inazio , Aierbe Ana , Cruz Esther
Published: February 2021

Unibertsitatea da herritarren formakuntzan eta profesionalizazioan hezkuntza-instituzio aitzindaria, eta horregatik Pedagogia Graduari eginkizun garrantzitsu horretan prestakuntzaren kalitateari buruz hausnartzea egokitzen zaio. Pedagogoaren lanbideak badu berezitasun bat: hezkuntzako aditu gisa, tradizioz eskola-testuingurura mugatu izan du bere jarduna baina hezkuntza formaletik harago espazio potentzial ugari ditu. Horrekin batera, ordea, bere lekua mu- gatzeko zailtasuna agerikoa da. Hortaz, xxi. mendeko pedagogiari dagokio bere lan-esparrua birdefinitzea eta formakun- tza orientatzeko erronka. Artikulu honen helburu orokorra izan da Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko (UPV/EHU) Pedagogia Graduko ikasleek eta irakasleek, profesionalizazioaren mapan zehatutako lan-arloak kontuan hartuz zenbateraino haute- maten duten koherentea dela graduan eskaintzen den prestakuntza aztertzea. Lagina 131koa izanik, Pedagogia Graduko 4. mailako 83 ikaslek eta gradu bereko 48 irakaslek parte hartu eta Likert eskaladun galdetegia bete dute. Ikasleen beharrak abiapuntu hartuta azterlan deskribatzaile eta esploratzailea burutu da. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, ikasleen balorazioa ira- kasleena baino baxuagoa da pedagogiako irakasgaiak pedagogoaren lanbide-irteeretan duten posizioari begiratzen bazaio, eta bien ustez, jasotako prestakuntzan zein lan munduan errepresentazio handiena duen eremua «Ikerketa eta Hezkuntza» da. Aldiz, «Gizartea eta Kultura» eta «Prestakuntza eta Enpresa» gutxien ordezkatutakoak dira. Emaitza hauek orientabi- deak ematen dituzte etorkizunean Pedagogia Graduaren hobekuntzan eta pedagogoaren lanbide-profilaren zehaztasunean aurrera egiteko.
Documentando la memoria cultural: las mujeres en las (auto)narraciones exocanónicas
Authors: García-Pérez María-Isabel
Published: February 2021

Durante siglos las escritoras habitaron los márgenes de lo establecido: rechazaron las convenciones sociales que buscaban limitar su libertad como entes políticos y creativos, y rompieron el silencio al que parecían condenadas. Estas autoras crearon personajes femeninos igualmente exocanónicos, que vivían y hablaban desde el umbral, desestabilizando el discurso hegemónico con su mera existencia. Estos personajes se convierten con frecuencia en alter ego de la autora para ofrecer una profunda reflexión sobre el papel de la mujer en su sociedad. Asimismo, son parte fundamental de la experimentación formal y temática de estas autoras y del cuestionamiento que hacen al canon literario. Este volumen busca trazar estas genealogías en femenino, viajando a otras épocas y lugares para recuperar obras y autoras que no han alcanzado todavía el reconocimiento que merecen. El recorrido cronológico concluye con narradoras y personajes en la literatura escrita por mujeres en los siglos XX y XXI, desde los años cuarenta hasta las nuevas narrativas digitales. Esta monografía contribuye, pues, a los estudios feministas que abogan por mirar hacia el pasado para comprender el presente y entiende la recuperación de estas genealogías como fundamental para poder escribir un futuro, social, cultural y literario, en femenino.
A spotlight on Raoultella ornithinolytica: A newly emerging life-threatening zoonotic pathogen
Authors: Abd El-Ghany Wafaa A.
Published: February 2021

The genus Raoultella contains Raoultella ornithinolytica (R. ornithinolytica), which was previously named as Klebsiella ornithinolytica. R. ornithinolytica is a Gram-negative bacillus that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. This pathogen is normally present in aquaculture, and it has been isolated from fish, insects, and wild and domestic birds. Seafood and poultry products are incriminated as sources of R. ornithinolytica infection. Community-acquired human infection with R. ornithinolytica is common. This infection is commonly associated with sepsis, bacteremia, food poisoning, purities, and urinary and respiratory tracts' infections. Rapid acquired resistance of R. ornithinolytica strains is common, and it is related to the development of resistant genes. R. ornithinolytica is considered as a newly emerging life-threatening pathogen world-wide. Hence, it is very important to determine the role of animals and birds in the epidemiological situation of this pathogen as well as the detection of antibiotic resistance genes before treatment.
Investigating the Different Dimensions of Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Understanding – The Case of Factorisation
Authors:   University of Limerick, Fitzmaurice Olivia , Hayes Jacqueline ,   University of Limerick
Published: February 2021

This paper reports on a study designed to investigate preservice teachers’ understanding of factorisation, a topic not explicitly taught within their teacher education programme, but one they will be required to teach when they graduate. We query if the knowledge they bring from secondary school, prepares them sufficiently to teach their future students for understanding. 83 preservice secondary school mathematics teachers’ procedural and conceptual understanding of quadratic factorisation were assessed using Usiskin’s Framework for understanding mathematics (2012) which identifies several dimensions of understanding. The study provides evidence that the preservice mathematics teachers have a strong procedural understanding, and while some conceptual understanding does exist, there was very limited conceptual understanding within most of the dimensions of the framework (Usiskin, 2012). We conclude the paper by considering how teacher educators can address the issues of preservice teacher knowledge and understanding of content not formally covered within their teacher education programmes.
Pengembangan Media Bermain PVC Tubes dalam Pembelajaran Motorik Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun
Authors: Fairus Dian , Purnama Sigit
Published: February 2021

Penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengembangan produk media bermain PVC Tubes dalam pembelajaran anak usia 3-4 tahun dengan menggunakan model ADDIE dan mengetahui mengetahui kelayakan produk media bermain PVC Tubes dalam pembelajaran motorik Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Inmplementation, and Evaluation). Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan media bermain PVC Tubes (1) Pengembangan proses pengembangan media bermain PVC Tubes yang dilakukan menggunakan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementaition, and Evaluation) melalui tahapan analisis kebutuhan, observasi, wawancara, pembuatan instumen penliaian produk, pembuatan draft desain produk, pembuatan aturan dan petunjuk teknis cara memasang dan memainkan media bermain, peninjauan oleh dosen pembimbing, dosen ahli, dan pendidik PAUD sebagai user. (2) Kelayakan media bermain Sangat Baik (SB) Menurut penilaian pendidik PAUD sebagai user menunjukkan bahwa kelayakan media bermain PVC Tubes Sangat Baik (SB) dan presentase keidealan sebesar 89,3% dan menurut hasil respon uji coba kelayakan media bermain PVC Tubes Baik (B) Berdasarkan hasil penilaian kualitas keseluruhan aspek maka produk media bermain PVC Tubes dalam pembelajaran motorik anak usia 3-4 tahun ini dikatakan Layak dengan kategori Baik (B).
Konsep Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Menurut Ki Hadjar Dewantara
Authors: Cahyani Ratih , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan pokok-pokok pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara tentang pendidikan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian pemikiran tokoh yang berdasarkan dari buku-buku tulisan Ki Hadjar Dewantara sebagai sumber primer. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode analisis–deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan: Dalam beberapa buku yang ditulis oleh Ki Hadjar Dewantara, terdapat tiga konsep, yaitu: pendidikan yang diberikan kepada anak sejak lahir sampai usia tujuh tahun mendidik anak dengan cara yang sesuai dengan tabiatnya umur kanak-kanak, dan pendidikan kanak-kanak yang menekankan pada kebudayaan bangsanya sendiri, dengan memasukkan permainan kanak-kanak yang menggabungkan pelajaran-pelajaran lagu, sastera dan cerita.