bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Plasma as an Effective Source of Molecules That Modulate Local Immune and Inflammatory Cell Responses
Authors: Dejnek Maciej , Moreira Helena , Płaczkowska Sylwia , Barg Ewa , Reichert Paweł , Królikowska Aleksandra
Published: August 2022

Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection is a safe biological method used to treat various musculoskeletal diseases. By downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and stimulation of synovial fibroblasts, PRP injection is a promising adjunctive treatment for patients with chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. A major problem in comparing the results of clinical trials in this area is the considerable variability in the cytokine content of PRP. We presented the profile of selected growth factors and inflammatory cytokines in the obtained PRP samples and compared them with baseline serum levels to assess the efficacy of PRP as a source of those paracrine molecules. Additionally, we wanted to determine whether the difference is only quantitative, which would suggest the use of a cheaper alternative by injecting a large amount of autologous serum. For this purpose, we analyzed whole blood and PRP samples prepared using the Mini GPS III Platelet Concentration System (Biomet Inc., USA) in 31 subjects aged 35-60 years. Cellular content, seven selected growth factors, and 13 human inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Multiplex bead immunoassays that use fluorescence-encoded beads LEGENDplex™ (BioLegend, USA) and flow cytometer measurements were used. As a result, we found a statistically significant increase in four of the growth factors tested and eight of the inflammatory cytokines tested in PRP compared to blood serum. The difference is not only quantitative but also in the composition of paracrine molecules. In conclusion, the study confirmed that PRP is an efficient source of several growth factors and some inflammatory cytokines. These data provide additional insight into the potential mechanisms of PRP’s effects on cellular metabolism and inflammatory response and may contribute to a better understanding of its clinical efficacy.
Compressive Strength Prediction of Alkali‐Activated Slag Concretes by Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Alternating Conditional Expectation (ACE)
Authors: Qin Xiaoyu , Ma Qianmin , Guo Rongxin , Song Zhigang , Lin Zhiwei , Zhou Haoxue
Published: August 2022

Compressive strength of alkali‐activated slag (AAS) concrete is influenced by multi‐factors in a nonlinear way. Both artificial neural network (ANN) and alternating conditional expectation (ACE) models of 3‐day (3 d) and 28‐day (28 d) compressive strength of AAS were established in this study by using the data reported in related literature, where alkali concentration of activator (Na2O%), modulus of activator (Ms), water/binder ratio (W/B), surface area of slag (SA), and basicity index of slag (Kb) were taken as input parameters. The models were employed later to predict 3 d and 28 d compressive strength of AAS concretes, respectively, and the results were validated by experimental work. The results show that both the ANN and the ACE models had adequate accuracy, no matter 3 d or 28 d compressive strength was considered. Compared to the 3 d compressive strength, due to data scattering that increased with the increase of data size, both the models did not yield a higher accuracy in the case of 28 d strength. However, also due to the increase in data size, both the models were more feasible to implement 28 d strength prediction as a result of sufficient learning and training during modeling. In addition, based on ACE analysis, the weight‐influencing compressive strength of AAS decreased in a sequence of Na2O% > Ms > W/B > Kb > SA. If data size was sufficiently large, it was more suitable to establish an ANN model for compressive strength prediction of AAS concretes. Otherwise, ACE could be considered as an alternative to yield an acceptable result.
Some Sharp Results on Coefficient Estimate Problems for Four-Leaf-Type Bounded Turning Functions
Authors: Sunthrayuth Pongsakorn , Jawarneh Yousef , Naeem Muhammad , Iqbal Naveed , Kafle Jeevan
Published: August 2022

In this study, we focused on a subclass of bounded turning functions that are linked with a four-leaf-type domain. The primary goal of this study is to explore the limits of the first four initial coefficients, the Fekete-Szegö type inequality, the Zalcman inequality, the Kruskal inequality, and the estimation of the second-order Hankel determinant for functions in this class. All of the obtained findings have been sharp.
PD‐L1 rs2890658 Polymorphism Increases Risk for Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer in Northern China Population Based on Experimental Data and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wang Guigang , Dong Yuehua , Yang Yanjun , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Na , Wei Yulei
Published: August 2022

Purpose. To dig the PD‐L1 rs2890658 polymorphism with susceptibility of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in northern China. Patients and Methods. There were 600 NSCLC patients and 600 age and sex matched controls from the same ethnic origin recruited in the present research. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method genotyped PD‐L1 rs2890658 polymorphism. PubMed and Embase were searched to get eligible literature for meta‐analysis. The association between PD‐L1 rs2890658 polymorphism and NSCLC risk was calculated with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results. It is more likely that individuals who have CC genotype and C allele are 2.15 and 1.41 times to develop NSCLC compared with individuals with AA genotype and A allele, respectively. Meta‐analysis showed that the individuals who have C allele and CA genotype increased the risk of suffering from NSCLC. Conclusion. PD‐L1 rs2890658 polymorphism increased NSCLC risk in northern China population and it might predict the occurrence of NSCLC.
Intelligent Sports Auxiliary Training Method Based on Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithm
Authors: Sun Yue , She Lirong
Published: August 2022

In recent years, people’s living standards are rising, and the demand for health is also rising. National physical exercise has become the current trend. Using personalized recommendation technology to screen appropriate information and assist people in sports training can improve the efficiency of users to obtain relevant information and improve users’ physical quality. Therefore, the collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm is optimized by combining bisection, and the intelligent recommendation model of sports training resources is constructed based on the algorithm. This paper uses the improved algorithm to calculate the similarity between users. Compared with other traditional algorithms, the user algorithm in this paper has higher accuracy and certain reference value. To sum up, the intelligent recommendation model of sports training resources proposed in the research can more accurately recommend suitable sports training resources for users, so as to assist users in correct sports training and improve users’ physical quality, which plays an improvement of the physical quality of the whole people in China.
Revisiting the Complications of Orthodontic Miniscrew
Authors: Truong Van Mai , Kim Soyeon , Kim Jaeheon , Lee Joo Won , Park Young-Seok
Published: August 2022

Miniscrew has been used widely as an effective orthodontic anchorage with reliable stationary quality, ease of insertion and removal techniques, immediate or early loading, flexibility in site insertion, less trauma, minimal patient cooperation, and lower price. Nonetheless, it is not free of complications, and they could impact not only the miniscrew success rate but also patients’ oral health. In this article, literature was searched and reviewed electronically as well as manually to evaluate the complications of orthodontic miniscrew. The selected articles are analyzed and subcategorized into complications during and after insertion, under loading, and during and after removal along with treatment if needed according to the time. In addition, the noteworthy associated factors such as the insertion and removal procedures, characteristics of both regional and local anatomic structures, and features of the miniscrew itself that play a significant role in the performance of miniscrews are also discussed based on literature evidence. Clinicians should notice these complications and their related factors to make a proper treatment plan with better outcomes.
Application of Cheerleading Referee Information Management System Based on Data Mining
Authors: Yang Xueqing , Li Bo
Published: August 2022

In recent years, China has focused on the development of sports and adopted modern, scientific, and standardized management of referees. Global sports events are becoming increasingly fierce. One of the main links is to manage the referee group and ensure the fairness and impartiality of sports competitions. In sports competition, referees implement sports rules, so the quality of referees directly determines whether sports events are fair and just. Cheerleading operation was introduced into China as a new sports event and spread rapidly in major universities and primary and secondary schools. With the increase of the number of cheerleading athletes, the number of referees also continues to increase. Referees’ information management has become the main problem. Therefore, this paper uses data mining technology to design and develop cheerleading referee information management system, uses the system to manage the basic information of cheerleading referees, and analyzes the sanction ability and strength of cheerleading referees. This paper first introduces the basic concept and operational process of data mining algorithm, and C4.5 decision tree algorithm, and support vector machine algorithm. Based on this algorithm, a cheerleading referee information management system is established. Then, we analyze the system structure and demand analysis and design the main structure of the system. Finally, the number of cheerleading referees is analyzed. The highest proportion of referees is 29.5%, the number of referees is 3 to 5 times, and the highest proportion of referees with more than 10 times per year is 59.24%. Using this system to analyze the strength of cheerleading referees, the most influential factor is the lack of on-the-spot experience, accounting for 38.83%.
A Generalized Decision-Making Technique Based on Bipolar-Valued Multivague Soft Sets
Authors: Sakr Hanan H. , Muse Abdisalam Hassan , Aldallal Ramy
Published: August 2022

The decision-making technique, launched by Roy and Maji, is considered an effective method to overcome uncertainty and fuzziness in decision-making problems, though, adapting it to reflect the problem parameters’ vagueness, as well as multibipolarity, is very difficult. So, in this article, the bipolarity is interpolated into the multivague soft set of order

n

. This gives a new more generalized, flexible, and applicable extension than the fuzzy soft model, or any previous hybrid model, which is the bipolar-valued multivague soft model of dimension

n

. Moreover, types of bipolar-valued multivague soft sets of dimension

n

, as well as some new associated concepts and operations, are investigated with examples. Furthermore, properties of bipolar-valued multivague soft sets of dimension

n

including absorption, commutative, associative, and distributive properties, as well as De Morgan’s laws, are provided in detail. Finally, a bipolar-valued multivague soft set-designed decision-making algorithm, as well as a real-life example, are discussed generalizing the Roy and Maji method.
Clinical Efficacy of Levothyroxine Sodium plus I 131 in the Treatment of Patients with Thyroidectomy and Its Effect on the Levels of Thyroglobulin and Thyrotropin
Authors: Pang Ya-Ling , Wang Yan-Ping , Cheng Kun
Published: August 2022

Objective. This study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of levothyroxine sodium tablets combined with I 131 in the treatment of patients after thyroidectomy and the effect on thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Methods. 80 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who required thyroidectomy after surgery between July 2019 and January 2021 were recruited for prospective study, 40 patients in the control group received levothyroxine sodium tablets, and 40 patients in the experimental group received levothyroxine sodium treatment plus I 131 treatment. Treatment effect, serum Tg and TSH levels, and relapse were measured. Results. The removal rate of residual thyroid tissue in the experimental group (87.50%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (57.50%) (

P
<
0.05

). Levothyroxine sodium tablets plus I 131 was associated with a significantly higher efficacy versus levothyroxine sodium tablets (

P
<
0.05

). There were no significant differences in the serum Tg levels between the two groups before treatment (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, the serum Tg levels in both groups were significantly decreased, and levothyroxine sodium tablets plus I 131 resulted in a significantly lower Tg level versus levothyroxine sodium tablets (

P
<
0.05

). Before treatment, the two groups showed similar TSH levels (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, patients receiving levothyroxine sodium tablets plus I 131 had a significantly greater increase in the TSH levels versus levothyroxine sodium tablets (

P
<
0.05

). The recurrence rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Levothyroxine sodium tablets plus I 131 for post-operative patients with differentiated thyroid cancer enhance the removal rate of residual thyroid tissue, effectively reduce serum Tg level, and increase TSH level, with significant therapeutic effects, low recurrence rates, and a high safety profile.
Adhesive Ability of Different Oral Pathogens to Various Dental Materials: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Tu Yan , Deng Shuli , Wang Yuan , Lin Xiaolong , Yang Zhenyu
Published: August 2022

Introduction. In dental treatments, the reason for secondary caries and the failure of root canal treatment is the microbial infection, which concerns most dentists. The challenge of how to reduce the number of bacteria at the filling materials and the number of residual bacteria in the root canal has become a research hotspot. In this study, the bacterial adhesion properties of several common dental materials were compared to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of antibacterial properties of dental materials. Methodology. Three commonly used dental restorative materials and five sealers in root canal treatment were selected. Each material block was immersed in the corresponding supragingival (Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus) or subgingival (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis) bacterial solution and cultured under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h. The adhesion of bacteria was observed, and the number of different bacteria adhering to various material model disks was calculated at different time intervals under a scanning electron microscope. The adherent CFU load of the materials was determined by colony counting. Results. Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus exhibited the strongest adhesion ability to the resin material blocks. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis exhibited the highest adhesion ability to the AH-Plus sealer block. Conclusions. In dental treatments, dental materials should be selected based on the chemical, physical, and biological properties of materials. In addition, it is necessary to develop new antibacterial dental materials.
Upregulation of PD-1 Expression and High sPD-L1 Levels Associated with COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Beserra Danielle Rosa , Alberca Ricardo Wesley , Branco Anna Claudia Calvielli Castelo , de Mendonça Oliveira Luana , de Souza Andrade Milena Mary , Gozzi-Silva Sarah Cristina , Teixeira Franciane Mouradian Emidio , Yendo Tatiana Mina , da Silva Duarte Alberto José , Sato Maria Notomi
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 has several mechanisms that can lead to lymphocyte depletion/exhaustion. The checkpoint inhibitor molecule programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL-1) play an important role in inhibiting cellular activity as well as the depletion of these cells. In this study, we evaluated PD-1 expression in TCD4+, TCD8+, and CD19+ lymphocytes from SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. A decreased frequency of total lymphocytes and an increased PD-1 expression in TCD4+ and CD19+ lymphocytes were verified in severe/critical COVID-19 patients. In addition, we found a decreased frequency of total monocytes with an increased PD-1 expression on CD14+ monocytes in severe/critical patients in association with the time of infection. Moreover, we observed an increase in sPD-L1 circulant levels associated with the severity of the disease. Overall, these data indicate an important role of the PD-1/PDL-1 axis in COVID-19 and may provide a severity-associated biomarker and therapeutic target during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A Novel Enolase-1 Antibody Targets Multiple Interacting Players in the Tumor Microenvironment of Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chen Mao-Lin , Yuan Ta-Tung , Chuang Chi-Fen , Huang Yung-Tsang , Chung I-Che , Huang Wei-Ching
Published: August 2022

Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in men worldwide, and the treatment options are limited for patients with advanced stages of prostate cancer. Upon oncogenic or inflammatory stimulation, tumor cells or immune cells express cell surface enolase-1 (ENO1) as plasminogen receptor to facilitate their migration via plasmin activation. Little is known about the roles of ENO1 in prostate cancer, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that targeting surface ENO1 with specific mAbs would exert multifactorial therapeutic potentials against prostate cancer. In vivo, we showed ENO1 mAb (HuL227) reduced the growth of subcutaneous PC-3 xenograft, monocytes recruitment, and intratumoral angiogenesis. In a PC-3 intratibial implantation model, HuL227 reduced tumor growth and osteoclast activation in the bone. To investigate the antitumor mechanism of ENO1 mAb, we found that blocking surface ENO1 significantly reduced VEGF-A–induced tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, HuL227 inhibited inflammation-enhanced osteoclasts activity and the secretion of invasion-related cytokines CCL2 and TGFβ from osteoclasts. In addition, inflammation-induced migration and chemotaxis of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells were dose-dependently inhibited by HuL227. In summary, we showed that, ENO1 mAb targets multiple TME niches involved in prostate cancer progression and bone metastasis via a plasmin-related mechanism, which may provide a novel immunotherapy approach for men with advanced prostate cancer.
Adaptable Leukemia Cells Resisting CAR T-cell Attack via B-cell Activation
Authors: Zhao Ziran , Melenhorst Jan Joseph
Published: August 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved remarkable milestones in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. However, cancer cells frequently survive CAR T-cell killing in a large cohort of patients. Relapse oftentimes is associated with antigen loss. In this issue, Im and colleagues report a new mechanism of leukemic-cell resistance to anti-CD19 CAR T cells: Leukemic cells can enable a B-cell activation and germinal center reaction signature, which causes CD19 transcriptional downregulation and survival from CAR exposure.

See related article by Im et al., p. 1055 (5).
Tee-ing up a New Follicular Lymphoma Classification System
Authors: Melnick Ari M.
Published: August 2022

In this issue of Blood Cancer Discovery, Han and colleagues find that follicular lymphomas (FL) can be stratified into distinct classes with clinical and functional relevance based on their T-cell subset composition. Their findings further indicate that pairing of FL cell MHCII expression with specific T-cell markers may represent a useful diagnostic approach to select patients for particular immunotherapies or immune augmentation therapies independent of genetic profiling.

See related article by Han et al., p. 428 (4).
Total Hemoglobin Mass Correlates with Peak Oxygen Consumption in Patients with Chronic Stroke
Authors: Araki Shohei , Kamijo Yoshi-ichiro , Sato Chika , Sakurai Yuta , Murai Kota , Yoshioka Izumi , Ogawa Takahiro , Umemoto Yasunori , Nishimura Yukihide , Tajima Fumihiro
Published: August 2022

Background: The peak oxygen consumption (V.O2peak) and blood hemoglobin concentration [Hb] are lower in stroke patients than in age-matched healthy subjects. The ability of skeletal muscles to extract oxygen is diminished after stroke. We hypothesized that the oxygen extraction capacity of skeletal muscles in stroke patients depends on [Hb]. To test the hypothesis, we determined the relationship between V.O2peak and total hemoglobin mass (tHb-mass) in stroke patients. Methods: The subjects were 19 stroke patients (age: 74 ± 2, mean ± SD, 10 males) and 11 age-matched normal subjects (age 76 ± 3, 6 males). Plasma volume (PV) and V.O2peak were measured on the same day. PV was measured using Evans Blue dye dilution method. Blood volume (BV) was calculated from PV and hematocrit, while tHb-mass was estimated from BV and [Hb]. Each subject underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bicycle ergometer using a V.O2peak respiratory gas analyzer. Results: There were no differences in age, height, and weight between the two groups. V.O2peak was lower in stroke patients than in the control. BV and tHb mass were not significantly different between the two groups, but [Hb] was significantly lower in stroke patients. In stroke patients, V.O2peak correlated significantly with tHb-mass (r = 0.497, p < 0.05), but not with BV. Conclusion: Our results suggested that low [Hb] seems to contribute to V.O2peak in stroke patients. The significant correlation between tHb-mass and V.O2peak suggested that treatment to improve [Hb] can potentially improve V.O2peak in stroke patients.
Challenging the Sensitive Window Hypothesis: Timing Effects of Maternal Depressive Symptoms on the Intergenerational Transmission of Maltreatment and Psychopathology in the Next Generation
Authors: Dittmann Denise , Reindl Vanessa , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Dahmen Brigitte , Firk Christine , Borzikowsky Christoph , Konrad Kerstin
Published: August 2022

Objective: The current study explored the role of maternal depressive symptoms in the intergenerational transmission of childhood maltreatment and developmental psychopathology. Based on the sensitive window hypothesis, the effects of earlier versus later maternal depression symptoms on child development were analysed. Method: Ninety-nine mother-child dyads, 65% of which had high-risk teenage mothers, participated in a longitudinal study with three assessments in the first 18 months of the child’s life (T1–T3) and a 4th reassessment (T4) at the child’s preschool age. Using serial mediation analyses, we tested whether the relationship between the mother’s own maltreatment history (Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire) and the child’s psychopathological outcome at preschool age was mediated in a causal effect chain by maternal depression in the first 2 years of life, by current maternal depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and by current maternal child abuse potential (Child Abuse Potential Inventory). The children’s emotional problems and externalizing symptoms were assessed at preschool age by parent or teacher Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire ratings. Results: The results indicated that especially later maternal depression mediated the relationship between maternal childhood maltreatment and negative developmental outcomes in the next generation. The effects of maltreatment type on maternal depression were rather nonspecific. However, mental abuse affected existing risk factors more directly over time compared to physical and sexual abuse. Additionally, the impact of early life maltreatment and maternal depression on child psychopathology varied by rater. The pathway to externalizing symptoms was significant only in teacher ratings and for the pathway to emotional problems only in maternal ratings. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that early maternal depression followed by ongoing maternal depression plays a mediating role in the intergenerational cycle of maltreatment. Therefore, in the future, interventions should be offered at an early stage, but also extend well beyond the first 2 years of a child’s life, addressing maternal depression and trauma.
Neuropsychological Differences between the Unilateral and Bilateral Tinnitus Participants with Normal Hearing
Authors: Sharma Anuradha , Mohanty Manju , Panda Naresh , Munjal Sanjay
Published: August 2022

Introduction: This paper attempts to describe the neuropsychological differences between subgroups of tinnitus with normal hearing. Methods: The study compared 150 normal-hearing participants with and without tinnitus in the 18–55 age-group. The participants completed nine neuropsychological tests, namely, Rey’s auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT), Rey complex figure test (RCFT), digit vigilance test (DVT), Verbal N-back test (N Back), controlled oral word association test (COWA), animal names test (ANT), digit symbol substitution test (DSST), Wechsler digit span test (DST), and Stroop test. Results: Poor verbal memory was demonstrated by a unilateral tinnitus group (p = 0.0001) for the total RAVLT score, immediate score, delayed recall, hits, and omissions). Significant deficits were observed in working memory functioning by the unilateral and bilateral tinnitus participants (p < 0.001) for one-back and two-back hit and error scores). In addition, there was a significant impairment in the auditory attention of single-sided tinnitus participants (p < 0.03, 0.02). Selective attention was affected in bilateral tinnitus participants (p < 0.05). Discussion/Conclusion: Tinnitus, whether unilateral or bilateral, has an effect on working memory. The RAVLT and DST results, on the other hand, demonstrated that unilateral tinnitus suffers from significant deficits in auditory memory and attention, whereas bilateral tinnitus suffers from selective attention issues. When treating individuals with unilateral and bilateral tinnitus, these findings must be addressed.
Fremdsprachenlernen im Teletandem: Ein deutsch-brasilianisches Kollaborationsprojekt aus der Sicht teilnehmender Studierender
Authors: Aquino Marceli Cherchiglia , Mechtenberg Franz , Tassinari Maria Giovanna
Published: August 2022

In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines internationalen Teletandemkooperationsprojekts zwischen der Freien Universität Berlin und der Universität von São Paulo vorgestellt, dessen Hauptaugenmerk auf den Auswirkungen des Programms aus der Sicht seiner teilnehmenden Studierenden liegt. Teletandempartnerschaften beruhen auf der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Universitäten in der ganzen Welt, bei denen Studierende verschiedener Zielsprachen die Möglichkeit haben, ihre Sprach- und Kulturkenntnisse in einem gemeinsamen Kontext in Videokonferenzen (z.B. über Meet, Zoom, Skype) zu vertiefen. In diesem Projekt, an dem brasilianische und deutsche Studierende beteiligt waren, wurden die Studierenden neben dem gemeinsamen Lernen in Tandempartnerschaften von den Projektkoordinator:innen bei drei Gruppen-Treffen begleitet (Einführungstreffen, Zwischen-Feedback und abschließendes Feedback-Treffen). Um Hypothesen über die Ziele, Erwartungen, Erfahrungen brasilianischer und deutscher Studierender zu sammeln, wurden zwei Datenerhebungen mit Hilfe von Online-Fragebögen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf ein großes Potenzial von Teletandemprojekten hin, nicht nur für eine bessere Kommunikation in der Zielsprache, sondern auch für den Zuwachs von Motivation, Autonomie und Empathie sowie für eine kritische Reflexion über den individuellen Lernprozess.
Filmes de curta-metragem em aula de alemão como língua estrangeira em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Mariano Thiago Viti , Deringer Thaiane
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho discute propostas didáticas realizadas em aulas do ensino de alemão durante a pandemia de Covid-19, com formato exclusivamente online, para um público universitário brasileiro através do uso de filmes de curta-metragem. O principal objetivo das aulas foi estimular o aprendizado da competência fílmica, focalizando os elementos estéticos da mídia, e, como objetivos específicos, possibilitar o aprendizado de vocabulário; promover a exposição de aspectos culturais alemães em um contexto autêntico, assim como, estimular discussões na língua estrangeira sobre diferentes interpretações acerca dos filmes de curta-metragem. O trabalho procura demonstrar, ademais, através de exemplos concretos para a sala de aula, que a inserção de curtas-metragens no ensino de língua estrangeira em ambiente virtual possui um grande potencial motivacional e, devido ao caráter autêntico da mídia, possibilita a identificação do/a aluno/a com o conteúdo.
O instante e o processo: Semana de Arte Moderna pelo olhar da crítica genética
Authors: Almeida Aline Novais de , Kimori Ligia Rivello Baranda
Published: August 2022

Editorial do dossiê 46: O instante e o processo: Semana de Arte Moderna pelo olhar da crítica genética
Devires e fabulação da escrita poética em 'O perfeito cozinheiro das almas deste mundo'
Authors: Alfeld Elisabete
Published: August 2022

O estudo apresenta algumas considerações sobre O perfeito cozinheiro das almas deste mundo (Oswald de Andrade). O instante da escrita coletiva do diário compreendeu o período de 1918 a 1919, um registro da criação em ato, um processo contínuo de troca de mensagens sobre os mais variados e inusitados assuntos escritos de modo irreverente e descompromissado. Essa modalidade anuncia uma escrita do devir, uma vez que não-representativa, expande seus limites e situa-se no limiar entre prosa e poesia. Esse traço singular da obra é revelador de uma escrita potencialmente inventiva que experimenta caminhos; portanto, uma escrita inacabada ou mesmo uma não-escrita que coloca o literário ao lado do informe, do inacabado. A releitura do diário nos permite, pela crítica genética, colocá-lo em ação novamente e apreender, a partir de rastros arqueológicos e da matriz inventiva precursora da poética do Modernismo, o devir da escrita em ato de fabulação.
Archivos en diálogo: los procesos de escritura literaria entre la edición y la institución
Authors: Canala Juan Pablo
Published: August 2022

En los últimos años diversas perspectivas y enfoques han reflexionado en torno a la cuestión de los archivos. El presente artículo se propone indagar acerca de los procesos de creación literaria tendiendo puentes, problematizando los límites disciplinares para el abordaje reflexivo en torno a los procesos de escritura literaria. Desde ese punto de partida, el artículo se propone exponer algunas líneas de intervención que problematizan las directrices fundamentales al encarar la tarea de una edición crítico-genética, como así también a las problemáticas institucionales que subyacen al trabajo con archivos literarios y que enriquecen el proceso de edición de textos en el caso de autores argentinos.
Um dos caminhos para entender a própria autoria: autoria de fora para dentro e de dentro para fora no YouTube
Authors: Cigognini Kelvin
Published: August 2022

Este estudo se apresenta como uma proposição de análise do curso de um processo poético para a plataforma YouTube. As noções de Salles (2012) que caracterizam o gesto criativo são abordadas para entender o desenvolvimento da realização e a documentação da mesma. A observação do caminho é apoiada pelas dimensões tácitas de Coessens (2014) em um estudo e pesquisa de realização artística. As observações de Deleuze sobre a “idéia em cinema” são adaptadas, baseadas nas referências do autor deste processo, que tem no vídeo uma forte raiz, e a obsessão criativa abordada por Astruc (2012) é contextualizada com base nas experiências que levam o realizador-pesquisador do presente estudo a esta proposição de realização audiovisual.
Multinational Federated Learning Approach to Train ECG and Echocardiogram Models for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Detection
Authors: Goto Shinichi , Solanki Divyarajsinhji , John Jenine E. , Yagi Ryuichiro , Homilius Max , Ichihara Genki , Katsumata Yoshinori , Gaggin Hanna K. , Itabashi Yuji , MacRae Calum A. , Deo Rahul C.
Published: August 2022

Background:

Novel targeted treatments increase the need for prompt hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) detection. However, its low prevalence (0.5%) and resemblance to common diseases present challenges that may benefit from automated machine learning–based approaches. We aimed to develop machine learning models to detect HCM and to differentiate it from other cardiac conditions using ECGs and echocardiograms, with robust generalizability across multiple cohorts.

Methods:

Single-institution HCM ECG models were trained and validated on external data. Multi-institution models for ECG and echocardiogram were trained on data from 3 academic medical centers in the United States and Japan using a federated learning approach, which enables training on distributed data without data sharing. Models were validated on held-out test sets for each institution and from a fourth academic medical center and were further evaluated for discrimination of HCM from aortic stenosis, hypertension, and cardiac amyloidosis. Last, automated detection was compared with manual interpretation by 3 cardiologists on a data set with a realistic HCM prevalence.

Results:

We identified 74 376 ECGs for 56 129 patients and 8392 echocardiograms for 6825 patients at the 4 academic medical centers. Although ECG models trained on data from each institution displayed excellent discrimination of HCM on internal test data (C statistics, 0.88–0.93), the generalizability was limited, most notably for a model trained in Japan and tested in the United States (C statistic, 0.79–0.82). When trained in a federated manner, discrimination of HCM was excellent across all institutions (C statistics, 0.90–0.96 and 0.90–0.96 for ECG and echocardiogram model, respectively), including for phenotypic subgroups. The models further discriminated HCM from hypertension, aortic stenosis, and cardiac amyloidosis (C statistics, 0.84, 0.83, and 0.88, respectively, for ECG and 0.93, 0.94, 0.85, respectively, for echocardiogram). Analysis of electrocardiography-echocardiography paired data from 11 823 patients from an external institution indicated a higher sensitivity of automated HCM detection at a given positive predictive value compared with cardiologists (0.98 versus 0.81 at a positive predictive value of 0.01 for ECG and 0.78 versus 0.59 at a positive predictive value of 0.24 for echocardiogram).

Conclusions:

Federated learning improved the generalizability of models that use ECGs and echocardiograms to detect and differentiate HCM from other causes of hypertrophy compared with training within a single institution.
Prediction of Neurological Deterioration After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The SIGNALS Score
Authors: He Quanwei , Guo Hongxiu , Bi Rentang , Chen Shaoli , Shen Jing , Long Chunnan , Li Man , Xia Yuanpeng , Zhang Lei , Sun Zhou , Chen Xiaolu , Wang Zhaowei , Gong Daokai , Xu Jingwen , Zhu Dondya , Wan Yan , Hu Bo
Published: August 2022

Background

Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most disabling and lethal form of stroke. We aimed to develop a novel clinical score for neurological deterioration during hospitalization after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data from the CHERRY (Chinese Cerebral Hemorrhage: Mechanism and Intervention) study. Two‐thirds of eligible patients were randomly allocated into the training cohort (n=1027) and one‐third into the validation cohort (n=515). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with neurological deterioration (an increase in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of ≥4 or death) within 15 days after symptom onset. A prediction score was developed based on regression coefficients derived from the logistic model. The site, size, gender, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, age, leukocyte, sugar (SIGNALS) score was developed as a sum of individual points (0–8) based on site (1 point for infratentorial location), size (3 points for >20 mL of supratentorial hematoma volume or 2 points for >10 mL of infratentorial hematoma volume), sex (1 point for male sex), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (1 point for >10), age (1 point for ≥70 years), white blood cell (1 point for>9.0×10
9
/L), and fasting blood glucose (1 point>7.0 mmol/L). The proportion of patients who suffered from neurological deterioration increased with higher SIGNALS score, showing good discrimination and good calibration in the training cohort (C statistic, 0.821; Hosmer‐Lemeshow test,
P
=0.687) and in the validation cohort (C statistic, 0.848; Hosmer‐Lemeshow test,
P
=0.592), respectively.

Conclusions

The SIGNALS score reliably predicts the risk of in‐hospital neurological deterioration of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Kirchliche Räume zwischen Religion und Populärkultur
Authors: Radermacher Martin
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the role of popular culture in religious events, focusing on built space and atmosphere using the example of a young Catholic initiative in Germany. While the topic “religion and popular culture” has received much scholarly attention, a focus on popular cultural atmospheres and their adaption in religious contexts remains a research gap. In order to analytically outline the relationship between religion and popular culture, the author proposes a differentiation and systems-theoretical approach while referring to the concept of “popular religion” (Hubert Knoblauch). The article first introduces the concepts of “popular culture,” “popular religion” as well as “atmosphere” and then discusses, on the basis of a case study and empirical surveys, the relationship between popular cultural and religious elements in the spatial and atmospheric setting of the initiative under investigation. Eventually, the author suggests that talk of a “dissolution of boundaries” (Entgrenzung) between religion and popular culture is only partially accurate because distinctions between religious and non-religious domains continue to be made both in the field and in analytical reconstruction.
Sefer ha-Pardes by Jedaiah ha-Penini
Authors: Torollo David
Published: August 2022

This groundbreaking new work is the first full critical edition and English translation of the Hebrew book Sefer ha-Pardes [The Book of the Orchard], written at the end of the thirteenth century by the Provençal Jewish author Jedaiah ha-Penini. It is purportedly an example of musar: a compilation of wise epigrams and meshalim [parables] that teach moral lessons on different topics, such as the service of God, friendship, the deceitfulness of the world, medicine, logic, music, magic, and poetry. However, it is in reality a compendium of sayings that reveal the author’s personal views and feelings on a variety of religious topics, secular sciences, and their practitioners.

David Torollo presents a fluent and illuminating English-Hebrew parallel text based on four sixteenth-century witnesses: three manuscripts and a printed edition. A rigorous study accompanies and contextualises the Hebrew work, exploring Sefer ha-Pardes’s transmission and reception in different places over time; its structure and content; its place in the intellectual environment and literary tradition of Provence; and possible lines of enquiry for future research.

This essential new work offers a significant contribution to scholarship in the field of Medieval Hebrew Hispano-Provencal literature.
Parallel Text
Authors: Torollo David
Published: August 2022

An English-Hebrew parallel text.

Part I: The Hebrew text presents the critical edition based on the four sixteenth-century witnesses.

Part II: parallel to this Hebrew edition is the first English translation of the work.
Can Decision Theory Help End-Users Take the Appropriate Action in an Emergency?
Authors: Harvey Natalie J. , Western Luke M. , Dacre Helen F. , Capponi Antonio
Published: August 2022

Making decisions about the appropriate action to take when presented with uncertain information is difficult, particularly in an emergency response situation. Decision-makers can be influenced by factors such as how information is framed, their risk sensitivity, and the impact of false alarms. Uncertainty arising from limited knowledge of the current state or future outcome of an event is unavoidable when making decisions. However, there is no universally agreed method on the design and presentation of uncertainty information. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that decision theory can be applied to an ensemble of plausible realizations of a situation to build a transparent framework that can then be used to determine the optimal action by assigning losses to different decision outcomes. The optimal action is then visualized, enabling the uncertainty information to be presented in a condensed manner suitable for decision-makers. The losses are adaptable depending on the hazard and the individual operational model of the decision-maker. To illustrate this approach, decision theory will be applied to an ensemble of volcanic ash simulations used for the purpose of airline flight planning, focusing on the 2019 eruption of Russian volcano Raikoke. Three idealized scenarios are constructed to show the impact of different loss models on the optimal action. In all cases, applying decision theory can significantly alter the regions, and therefore potential flight tracks, identified as potentially hazardous. Thus, we show that different end-users would and should make different decisions when presented with the same probabilistic information based on their individual user requirements.
Mechanisms of a Meteorological Drought Onset: Summer 2020 to Spring 2021 in Southwestern North America
Authors: Seager Richard , Ting Mingfang , Alexander Patrick , Nakamura Jennifer , Liu Haibo , Li Cuihua , Simpson Isla R.
Published: August 2022

By summer 2021 moderate to exceptional drought impacted 28% of North America, focused west of the Mississippi, with serious impacts on fire, water resources, and agriculture. Here, using reanalyses and SST-forced climate models, we examine the onset and development of this southwestern drought from its inception in summer 2020 through winter and spring 2020/21. The drought severity in summer 2021 resulted from four consecutive prior seasons in which precipitation in the southwest United States was the lowest on record or, at least, extremely dry. The dry conditions in summer 2020 arose from internal atmospheric variability but are beyond the range of what the studied atmosphere models simulate for that season. From winter 2020 through spring 2021 the worsening drought conditions were guided by the development of a La Niña in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Decadal variability in the Pacific Ocean aided drought in the southern part of the region by driving the cool season to be drier during the last two decades. There is also evidence that the southern part of the region in spring is drying due to human-driven climate change. In sum the drought onset was driven by a combination of internal atmospheric variability and interannual climate variability and aided by natural decadal variability and human-driven climate change.
The Dynamics of a Barotropic Current Impinging on an Ice Front
Authors: Steiger Nadine , Darelius Elin , Kimura Satoshi , Patmore Ryan D. , Wåhlin Anna K.
Published: August 2022

The vertical front of ice shelves represents a topographic barrier for barotropic currents that transport a considerable amount of heat toward the ice shelves. The blocking effect of the ice front on barotropic currents has recently been observed to substantially reduce the heat transport into the cavity beneath the Getz Ice Shelf in West Antarctica. We use an idealized numerical model to study the vorticity dynamics of an externally forced barotropic current at an ice front and the impact of ice shelf thickness, ice front steepness, and ocean stratification on the volume flux entering the cavity. Our simulations show that thicker ice shelves block a larger volume of the barotropic flow, in agreement with geostrophic theory. However, geostrophy breaks locally at the ice front, where relative vorticity and friction become essential for the flow to cross the discontinuity in water column thickness. The flow entering the cavity accelerates and induces high basal melt rates in the frontal region. Tilting the ice front, as undertaken in sigma-coordinate models, reduces this acceleration because the flow is more geostrophic. Viscous processes—typically exaggerated in low-resolution models—break the potential vorticity constraint and bring the flow deeper into the ice shelf cavity. The externally forced barotropic current can only enter the cavity if the stratification is weak, as strong vertical velocities are needed at the ice front to squeeze the water column beneath the ice shelf. If the stratification is strong, vertical velocities are suppressed and the barotropic flow is almost entirely blocked by the ice front.

Significance Statement

Ice shelves in West Antarctica are thinning, mostly from basal melting through oceanic heat entering the underlying ice shelf cavities. Thinning of ice shelves reduces their ability to buttress the grounded ice resting upstream, leading to sea level rise. To model the ice sheet’s contribution to sea level rise more accurately, the processes governing the oceanic heat flux into the ice shelf cavity must be articulated. This modeling study investigates the dynamics of a depth-independent current approaching the ice shelf; it corroborates previous findings on the blocking of such a current at the ice front. The amount of water that enters the cavity strongly depends on ice shelf thickness and ocean stratification. For a well-mixed ocean, the upper part of the flow can dive underneath the ice shelf and increase basal melting near the ice front. In a stratified ocean, the approaching depth-independent current is almost entirely blocked by the ice front.
Thinking Beyond the Temporal Bone Lab: A Systematic Process for Expanding Surgical Simulation in Otolaryngology Training
Authors: James Joel , Irace Alexandria L. , A. Drusin Madeleine , Kim Ana H. , Gudis David A. , Overdevest Jonathan B.
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary lapse in the development of otolaryngology trainee operative skills due to the cancellation of elective procedures and redeployment of trainees and attendings to COVID-19 units. Although transient, this disruption provided an opportunity for otolaryngology programs to develop contingency plans and formalize nascent simulation training curricula. Integration of formal simulation training alongside current didactic and surgical education may offset lost exposure during surgically lean times while providing the framework and resources for enhanced baseline training. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of surgical simulation models in otolaryngology and identify easily implementable, low-cost, low fidelity models for junior trainees. By taking advantage of rapid advancements in technology and a paradigm shift to a more hands-on approach in medical education, formal simulation training may prove to be a beneficial tool at all stages of residency training, allowing for expanded peer-mentored skill development and providing a safe haven during unforeseen disruptions in surgical case volume.