bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.: Fabaceae) and Its Morphological Variations in Bali
Authors: Suarna I Wayan , Wijaya I Made Saka
Published: June 2021

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is an important perennial herbaceous plant with a range of uses as ornamental plants, fodder crops, medicine, and sources of natural food colorant and antioxidants. The leaves and pods are commonly used as a source of protein in fodder, while the flowers are usually dried and processed as a high antioxidant-containing tea. The blue variant of butterfly pea was the most commonly used variety, although there are quite diverse butterfly pea varieties. The present study aimed to observe the morphological variations among the 26 butterfly pea accessions that originated from a wide range of areas in Bali. The explorative method was used to obtain diverse specimens (accessions) of butterfly pea in Bali, and subsequently, morphological characterization of the accessions was performed. The primary data of morphological traits that were recorded included stems, leaves, flower structures, flower colors, pods, and seeds. The data were analyzed descriptively to determine the morphological variations between accessions. The results showed three major morphological variations: (i) the colour of the flower (corolla), (ii) the corolla structure, and (iii) the stamen structure. The colour of corolla has four variations: white, mauve, light blue, and dark blue; while the corolla structure has two variations: normal and multiple layered corollas. The stamen character showed a correlation with the structure of the corolla. The normal corolla has diadelphous stamens, while the multiple layered corollas have solitary stamens. These morphological variations are the genetic richness of Indonesia’s biodiversity and should be protected and conserved.
Obstetric Care Made High Reliabile: Perception of Staff on Factors Associated with Practice of High Reliability Organization Principles in a Selected Tertiary Care Maternity Hospital
Authors: Malavige Kaushalya Kumari , Sridharan Sathasivam , Sudath Dharmarathna , Kiriwandenita Sagari , Samaruthilake Nelum , Malawige I.R
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Patient safety and high reliability related to obstetric care has become a global concern especially during this COVID-19 pandemic period.Aim of this study is to assess the components of Socio Technical system as the factors affecting while adopting High-Reliability Organization (HRO) Principles as perceived by staff. Methodology: This is a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted using a self-administered questionnaire.Results: Out of the five factors affecting HRO practices as perceived by staff, "Organizational Safety Culture" (Mean- 4.25., SD-0.454 Significant at <0.01 level), Communication (SD-4.15, SD-0.579), and Teamwork (Mean:3.95, SD:0.499). are having a statistically significant (p <0.05 corresponding to Spearman’s correlation Coefficient positive association with the practice of HRO principles. According to Multiple linear regression model explains 29% of the variability of the HRO practices (dependent variable) can be explained by the factors affecting HRO practices (independent variables) if all the factors operate together. Gender, age, educational level, designation and working experience act as moderating variables to Organizational Safety Culture. There is a significant (p <0.05) difference of HRO practices among female gender, nursing category of staff which is better than other categories.Conclusion: Organizational safety culture, communication and Teamwork and work environment show significant effect on determining HRO practices which is important for policy makers and administrators to pay attention on above three factors to improve reliability. But these five factors (including leadership and working environment) explains only one third of variability of HRO practices), hence need to study other factors affecting reliability of performance.
IMIGRAÇÃO ALEMÃ E O PROCESSO DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO EM IJUÍ-RS: da Escola Alemã ao Colégio Sinodal de Ijuí (1899- 1938)
Authors: Moraes de Figueiredo Milene , Cristiano Hass da Silva Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Em 1890, foi fundada a colônia de Ijuí, modelo de colônia exemplar, planejada a partir da imigração espontânea e da integração de diversas etnias. O estudo objetiva investigar a aplicação desse projeto de colônia, através do âmbito educacional. Assim, como as mudanças no cenário educacional após a emancipação da colônia em 1912. O enfoque direciona-se para os imigrantes alemães de confissão luterana estabelecidos na região. Analisamos o caso da primeira escola comunitária de origem germânica e confissão evangélica, fundada na colônia, conhecida atualmente como Colégio Evangélico Augusto Pestana. O estudo se insere no campo da História da Educação, com ênfase à História das Instituições Escolares, e utiliza aportes teórico-metodológicos da História Cultural. A pesquisa é realizada no Museu Escolar da instituição, e utiliza como fonte os documentos de caráter memorialístico “Relatos do Sr. Albino Brendler” (1995); o livreto “Breve Histórico do Ginásio Augusto Pestana” (1952); e os boletins e livros didáticos referentes ao período analisado. O recorte temporal compreende o período de 1899 a 1938, abrangendo o cenário educacional desses imigrantes desde a fundação da escola até o impacto inicial da implantação das políticas nacionalizadoras do governo estadonovista. A investigação permitiu perceber que inicialmente não foi estabelecido um sistema educacional que assimilasse os imigrantes no contexto nacional. Após 1912, o uso do vernáculo e o ensino da História e Geografia do Brasil foram incentivados sob subvenção estatal, porém, esses incentivos não foram suficientes para evitar uma grande crise em decorrência da política de nacionalização do ensino.
A new approach for Volterra functional integral equations with non-vanishing delays and fractional Bagley-Torvik equationss
Authors: Ghomanjani Fateme
Published: June 2021

A numerical technique for Volterra functional integral equations (VFIEs) with non-vanishing delays and fractional Bagley-Torvik equation is displayed in this work. The technique depends on Bernstein polynomial approximation. Numerical examples are utilized to evaluate the accurate results. The findings for examples figs and tables show that the technique is accurate and simple to use.
Etapas de duelo y adherencia terapéutica en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Mendoza Catalán Geu , Mateo Crisóstomo Yadira , Rodríguez Santamaría Yari , Higuera Sainz José Luis , Gutiérrez Valverde Juana Mercedes , Pimentel Jaimes José Alfredo
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: identificar la relación entre las etapas de duelo y la adherencia terapéutica en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2). Métodos: estudio transversal, participaron 179 pacientes de 20 a 70 años de edad. La recolección de datos se realizó en los centros de salud de tres localidades del estado de Oaxaca, México. Se utilizó el instrumento para medir etapas de duelo en diabéticos (imedd) y la Escala de Adherencia a los Medicamentos en dm2. Se realizaron análisis de correlación y un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: la edad promedio fue de 54.5 años (±11.0), escolaridad de 5.3 años (±3.8) y 10.8 años (±7.1) con dm2; 79.3% fueron mujeres, 30.2% consumía alcohol, 10.1% refirió fumar y 64.8% presentó sobrepeso u obesidad. La adherencia terapéutica se correlacionó con la negación, negociación y aceptación. En el modelo de regresión lineal, solo las etapas de negación y aceptación fueron los predictores de la adherencia. Conclusiones: Existe una relación significativa entre la adherencia terapéutica con las etapas del duelo negación y aceptación.
Relación entre funcionamiento familiar y grado de lesión de pie en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Romero Arredondo Rogelio D. , Morales Álvarez Clara T. , Moreno González María Mercedes , Cárdenas Rodríguez Maritza L.
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre funcionamiento familiar y el grado de lesión de pie en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2). Métodos: estudio transversal. Muestra de 286 pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y pie diabético, hospitalizados en una institución de segundo nivel. Se aplicó el instrumento faces iii y escala Meggit-Wagner. Se determinó la asociación entre las variables mediante la prueba de bondad de ajuste χ2. Resultados: la edad media fue de 57±14.2 años. Predominó el sexo masculino (60.8%), casados (54.9%) y obreros (38.1%). La hipertensión arterial sistémica fue la comorbilidad de mayor incidencia (65.7%). 52.4% de los participantes mostraron funcionalidad familiar balanceada. El grado de lesión con mayor predominio fue el grado I (40.6%), seguido del grado ii (21.7%). Se identificó que la disfuncionalidad familiar aumenta el riesgo de presentar un mayor grado de lesión del pie diabético (or de 10.0, p<0.0001). Conclusiones: los pacientes con disfuncionalidad familiar tienen diez veces más riesgo de presentar un mayor grado de afectación del pie diabético. El pie diabético es una complicación frecuente y de alto impacto para el paciente y su familia, corresponde al equipo de salud desarrollar intervenciones centradas en la familia para prevenir su aparición y limitar el daño.
COVID-19, una enfermedad emergente en el contexto de la transversalidad de la atención cuaternaria
Authors: Bastidas Pacheco Gilberto A. , Rojas Andrade Adriana C.
Published: June 2021

Carta al editor
Bibliometric Analysis of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162B2): A COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Ara Amina
Published: June 2021

The objective of the study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. For this purpose Scopus database was used. As of 13th May 2021, one hundred and seventy-three (n=173) research documents are published about it. We used Vosviewer and Biblioshiny (Bibliometrix) in the present report. In all publications, 1160 authors have significantly contributed. The documents per author was 0.119, while authors per document was 8.41. Collaborative Index (CI) was found to be 9.47. By biblioshiny we also applied Lotka’s law to depict the author’s frequency. 1097 authors were involved in only one (n=1) publication. Based on the Scopus record, the highest documents are published by Dormitzer, P.R. (n=6). In universities and countries categories, Tel Aviv University (n=7) and USA (48) are the most productive. By Vosviewer the collaboration pattern among authors, institutes, and countries is graphically presented. For example, 28 authors, 17 departments and 7 countries directly contributed to one publication. The research documents (133) are published in 102 sources or journals. The highest documents are published in Vaccines (n=8), while the highest citations were recorded for the New England Journal of Medicine (n=838). We also applied co-words analysis to understand the main focus of these publications.
Starting triple oral hypoglycemic agent therapy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is a suitable therapeutic strategy to lower HbA1c when insulin therapy is not desired
Authors: Darian Mara A
Published: June 2021

A clinical decision report using:

Søfteland E, Meier JJ, Vangen B, Toorawa R, Maldonado-Lutomirsky M, Broedl UC. Empagliflozin as Add-on Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled With Linagliptin and Metformin: A 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016;40(2):201-209. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-1347

for a patient with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes on metformin and sitagliptin and hesitant to begin insulin therapy.
“Assim se faz história, assim deve ser ensinada”: Manoel Bomfim e a instrução histórica no ensino primário (1899-1930)
Authors: Santos Magno Francisco de Jesus
Published: June 2021

O escopo deste artigo é a concepção de Manoel Bonfim acerca da instrução histórica. Ao escrever sobre a metodologia da educação, nos idos de 1915, Manoel Bonfim defendeu uma renovação do ensino de história, no intuito de torná-lo mais atrativo para as crianças e mais eficiente no processo de formação cívica. Apesar de ser um intelectual consideravelmente analisado em âmbito historiográfico e da produção de livros escolares, Manoel Bonfim ainda é pouco discutido no tocante às contribuições acerca do ensino de história. Neste sentido, este artigo tem como fonte principal o livro “Lições de Pedagogia”, em cotejo com “O Methodo dos Tests”, com o parecer do compêndio de História da América e com a produção historiográfica do autor. A partir dessa análise desses vestígios, busco entender a concepção do autor acerca da história, pensada na dimensão do ensino, ou seja, do seu entendimento sobre a instrução histórica.
Apresentação do dossiê: A Historiografia sobre as Missões Jesuíticas: a Escrita e o Tempo
Authors: Coello de la Rosa Alexandre , Bohn Martins Maria Cristina , Da Silva Giovani José
Published: June 2021

Apresentação do dossiê: A Historiografia sobre as Missões Jesuíticas: a Escrita e o Tempo
JESUÍTAS NA ÍNDIA PORTUGUESA: A EXPULSÃO DOS NATIVOS DO COLÉGIO DE GOA (1548-1551)
Authors: Borges Felipe Augusto Fernandes , Menezes Sezinando Luiz , Costa Célio Juvenal
Published: June 2021

Goa era a capital do Estado da Índia, sendo, ao mesmo tempo, o centro de administração civil, política e religiosa dos portugueses naquelas partes. O Seminário de Santa Fé foi fundado em Goa em 1541. O objetivo do Seminário era formar um clero nativo indígena. A partir de 1546, o Seminário foi entregue àresponsabilidade da Companhia de Jesus. Em 1548, os jesuítas dividiram a instituição em duas, fundando o Colégio de São Paulo. O recorte temporal desta pesquisa situa-se entre os anos de 1548 e 1551, quando o jesuíta António Gomes desempenhou o cargo de reitor, promovendo a expulsão dos nativos do Colégio de São Paulo. Pretendemos compreender a dinâmica desse processo, as motivações do padre Gomes para tal ação, seu impacto em Goa e, ainda, o movimento de reversão de tal medida. Entendemos que, ao impor a expulsão dos nativos do Colégio, Gomes se opôs ao projeto de formação de um clero indígena que ele representava: projeto esse que já havia sido incorporado e bem aceito pelas autoridades civis e religiosas em Goa e mesmo no Reino. As fontes documentais utilizadas neste trabalho estão contidas nos volumes I e II da Documenta Indica, organizados pelo padre jesuíta Joseph Wicki.
A Guerra Guaranítica num contexto de Cultura de Contato: uma interpretação sobre o caráter das interações entre guaranis missioneiros e sociedades ibéricas
Authors: Goya Fontella Leandro
Published: June 2021

Neste texto, a Guerra Guaranítica é examinada à luz da ferramenta conceitual do middle ground, formulada por Richard White. Busca-se averiguar alguns dos fatores elementares para a existência de uma zona de inteligibilidade comum entre as distintas sociedades em interação, com destaque para o frágil equilíbrio de forças entre elas. Esse exercício teórico foi realizado a partir da análise de relatos coevos e da interlocução com estudos amparados em sólidas bases empíricas, dos quais foi possível explorar as fontes transcritas e/ou os incidentes narrados e interpretados pelos autores. A título de conclusão, compreende-se que individualmente as sociedades ibéricas no Prata não reuniam condições de subjugar os guaranis missioneiros envolvidos no conflito; que a temporária aliança bélica dos ibéricos promoveu uma ruptura efêmera do equilíbrio de poder na região, e que o modo como os integrantes de cada exército ibérico se comportaram com respeito aos códigos da cultura de contato condicionou as relações entre as frentes coloniais hispânica e portuguesa com os guaranis durante o restante do século XVIII.
Reminiscências Missioneiras: análise sobre a formação de Comunidades Guaranis no sul do Brasil (Capela de Santa Maria, 1804-1834)
Authors: Ribeiro Max Roberto Pereira
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo busca evidenciar a formação de comunidades guaranis entre os luso-brasileiros após a tomada das Missões Orientais, em 1801. Demonstra como num período ulterior à expulsão dos jesuítas (1767), os guaranis continuaram vivendo nos territórios pertencentes às Missões, organizando-se em pequenas comunidades e expressando sua religiosidade na busca do batismo católico. Analisa registros batismais de uma localidade luso-brasileira para onde se deslocaram famílias guaranis, a partir de 1804. O texto foca nas relações de compadrio  priorizando a reconstituição do grupo/comunidade através de seus laços sociais. Mostra a estrutura básica da comunidade guarani, distribuída por campos e stâncias lusobrasileiras, interligada por relações de parentesco.
Lógica, problemáticas observadas
Authors: Vergel-Ortega Mawency , Blanquicet-Morelo Hernando , Zafra-Tristancho Sandra Liliana , Gómez-Vergel Carlos Sebastián
Published: June 2021

Desde tiempos antiguos las matemáticas ha sido catalogada como parte del saber de gente sabia, siendo un área básica en la vida de los griegos, los romanos, egipcios y otros pueblos. Las personas que sabían orientar las matemáticas eran reconocidas por saber aplicar los sentidos lógicos a las situaciones que requerían, del medio y la época. Con fundamento en Aristóteles, la facultad intelectual puede ser asimilada a un preámbulo hacia la episteme (del verbo scio saber y ciencia o epistemai de saber bien con dominio), y culmina con la sabiduría. Esta facultad se constituye en el primer paso del proceso de aprendizaje desde el contacto directo con la realidad externa a través de sensaciones, especialmente manifiestas desde el campo visual como evidencia de la curiosidad, de la necesidad de saber y de allí al despertar de la necesidad de aprender que todo ser humano manifiesta desde su naturaleza humana.
Genital mycoplasma infection and spontaneous preterm birth outcome: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Cunha Giulia , Bastos Larissa , Freitas Stella , Cavalli Ricardo , Quintana Silvana
Published: June 2021

Objective To determine the prevalence of genital mycoplasma infection
and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) in asymptomatic
pregnant women. Design Prospective cohort. Setting Public and private
health services in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. Population 1.349
asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy at 20-25 weeks of
gestation (WG) recruited between 2010 and 2011. Methods Baseline data
was assessed using a questionnaire, in addition to cervicovaginal fluid
and blood samples, to analyze lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs)
and immune mediators, respectively. The association between variables
and the risk of sPTB was evaluated using logistic regression analysis to
estimate the odds ratios (ORs). Main outcome measures Genital mycoplasma
infection and prematurity. Results The prevalence of the sPTB and
genital mycoplasma was 6.8% and 18%, respectively. The infection was
not a risk factor for sPTB (aOR 0.66; 95% CI 0.32-1.35), even when
associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). However, it was associated
with a low socioeconomic status (p=0.0470), cigarette use (p=0.0009),
number of sexual partners (p=0.0019), and BV (p<.0001).
Regarding the risk factors associated with sPTB, previous history of PTB
(aOR 12.06; 95% CI 6.21-23.43) and a cervical length ≤ 2.5 cm (aOR
3.97; 95% CI 1.67-9.47) were significant. Conclusions The risk of sPTB
was independently associated with the history of PTB and the cervical
length but not with the genital mycoplasma infection. Funding: This work
was founded by CNPq, FAPESP and CAPES. Keywords: Preterm birth,
pregnancy, genital mycoplasma, bacterial vaginosis, risk factor
POST DENTAL EXTRACTION BLEEDING : INCIDENTAL DIAGNOSIS OF A RARE COAGULATION DISORDER
Authors: Shadamarshan Arunkumar , Sharma Rohit , Pradhan Ishan
Published: June 2021

Management of patients with coagulation disorder is a challenge to any
surgical specialty. However, fresh diagnosis of a coagulation disorder
as result of complications following routine dental treatment is
uncommon. We report a case of congenital Factor 13 deficiency diagnosed
in a patient presenting with post-dental extraction bleeding.
NR2F1 database: 111 variants and 83 patients support refining the clinical synopsis of Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome
Authors: Billiet Benjamin , Amati-Bonneau Patrizia , Desquiret-Dumas Valérie , Guehlouz Khadidja , Milea Dan , Gohier Philippe , Lenaers Guy , Mirebeau-Prunier Delphine , Dunnen Johan Den , Reynier Pascal , Ferré Marc
Published: June 2021

Pathogenic variants of the nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 1
gene (NR2F1) are responsible for Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf optic
atrophy syndrome (BBSOAS), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized
by optic atrophy associated with developmental delay and intellectual
disability, but with a clinical presentation which appears to be
multifaceted. We created the first public locus-specific database (LSDB)
dedicated to NR2F1. All variants and clinical cases reported in
the literature, as well as new unpublished cases, were integrated into
the database using standard nomenclature to describe both molecular and
phenotypic anomalies. We subsequently pursued a comprehensive approach
based on computed representation and analysis suggesting a refinement of
the BBSOAS clinical description with respect to neurological features
and the inclusion of musculoskeletal hypotonia and intestinal signs with
feeding difficulties. This database is fully accessible for both
clinician and molecular biologists and should prove useful in further
refining the clinical synopsis of NR2F1 as new data is recorded.
Lung Ultrasound to detect cardiopulmonary interactions in acutely ill children
Authors: Buonsenso Danilo , Rose Cristina De , Ferro Valentina , Morello Rosa , Musolino Anna Maria , Valentini Piero
Published: June 2021

Objective and design: Our prospective observational study is the first
study that evaluates the LUS findings of cardiopulmonary interactions in
acutely ill children with elevated pro-BNP levels,with the aim of
establishing the specific LUS pattern in this category of patients
without primary lung diseases.Methodology:We prospectively analyzed
epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, instrumental and lung ultrasound
parameters in acutely ill children aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to
the Department of Pediatrics between March 2020 to August 2020.Among the
acutely ill patients evaluated, only patients with pro-BNP>
300 pg / ml and who underwent LUS before the start of any treatment were
included. They were stratified into three sub-categories based on the
diagnosis A) cardiac disease, B) systemic inflammatory disease / sepsis
without functional and / or organic alterations of the myocardium and C)
systemic inflammatory disease / sepsis and cardiac disease, and were
classified into two groups based on the level of pro-BNP.We also
enrolled patients belonging to two other categories (patients with
primary infectious lung disease and completely healthy patients)
analyzing their epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, instrumental
parameters and lung ultrasound findings and comparing them with those of
acutely ill children.Results and Conclusion: We found that LUS findings
in these acutely ill children are different from the ultrasound pattern
of other categories of children and in particular 1) children with acute
lower respiratory tract infections and 2) healthy infants.The finding in
a child of a sonographic interstitial syndrome with multiple, bright,
long, separate and non-confluent B-lines / long vertical artefacts
deriving from a normal and regular pleural line, in the absence of
subpleural consolidations, is strongly predictive of cardiogenic
pulmonary edema or pulmonary congestion in the course of systemic
inflammatory disease / sepsis.
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and GERD
Authors: Dhar Shumon Ian , Akst Lee
Published: June 2021

Since the early 1990s, the consequences of extra-esophageal reflux in the larynx have been recognized to be related to a variety of laryngeal symptoms with certain endoscopic manifestations. The paper by Dr. Koufman described various types of laryngeal injury which were attributed to extra-esophageal reflux also known as laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). The mechanism of injury was postulated to be a consequence of acid refluxate as well as from pepsin. Since that time there has been a surge of literature devoted to the topic of LPR seeking to refine its diagnosis, elucidate its pathophysiology, and treat its symptoms and sequelae. Our goal in this chapter is to provide a balanced, evidence-based framework for identifying LPR and providing treatment while balancing the benefits versus the risks of overtreatment and escalating therapy.
This review contains 13 figures, 7 tables and 49 references.
Key Words: LPR, GERD, PPI, RSI, TLESR
Effects of Fluid Rehydration Strategy on Correction of Acidosis and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Rewers Arleta , Kuppermann Nathan , Stoner Michael J. , Garro Aris , Bennett Jonathan E. , Quayle Kimberly S. , Schunk Jeffrey E. , Myers Sage R. , McManemy Julie K. , Nigrovic Lise E. , Trainor Jennifer L. , Tzimenatos Leah , Kwok Maria Y. , Brown Kathleen M. , Olsen Cody S. , Casper T. Charles , Ghetti Simona , Glaser Nicole S. ,   the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) FLUID Study Group
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

Fluid replacement to correct dehydration, acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities is the cornerstone of treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), but little is known about optimal fluid infusion rates and electrolyte content. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether different fluid protocols affect the rate of normalization of biochemical derangements during DKA treatment.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The current analysis involved moderate or severe DKA episodes (n = 714) in children age <18 years enrolled in the Fluid Therapies Under Investigation in DKA (FLUID) Trial. Children were assigned to one of four treatment groups using a 2 × 2 factorial design (0.90% or 0.45% saline and fast or slow rate of administration).

RESULTS

The rate of change of pH did not differ by treatment arm, but Pco2 increased more rapidly in the fast versus slow fluid infusion arms during the initial 4 h of treatment. The anion gap also decreased more rapidly in the fast versus slow infusion arms during the initial 4 and 8 h. Glucose-corrected sodium levels remained stable in patients assigned to 0.90% saline but decreased in those assigned to 0.45% saline at 4 and 8 h. Potassium levels decreased, while chloride levels increased more rapidly with 0.90% versus 0.45% saline. Hyperchloremic acidosis occurred more frequently in patients in the fast arms (46.1%) versus the slow arms (35.2%).

CONCLUSIONS

In children treated for DKA, faster fluid administration rates led to a more rapid normalization of anion gap and Pco2 than slower fluid infusion rates but were associated with an increased frequency of hyperchloremic acidosis.
Impact of Admission Hyperglycemia on Heart Failure Events and Mortality in Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome at Long-term Follow-up: Data From the HIGH-GLUCOTAKO Investigators
Authors: Paolisso Pasquale , Bergamaschi Luca , Rambaldi Pietro , Gatta Gianluca , Foà Alberto , Angeli Francesco , Fabrizio Michele , Casella Gianni , Barbieri Michelangela , Galiè Nazzareno , Marfella Raffaele , Pizzi Carmine , Sardu Celestino
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVES: To investigate admission hyperglycemia effects on the sympathetic
system and long-term prognosis in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: in TTS hyperglycemics (n=28) vs normoglycemics (n=48) serum
norepinephrine and 123I-MIBG
cardiac scintigraphy (123I-MIBGcS)
were assessed. Heart failure (HF) occurrence and deaths events over 2-years were
evaluated.

RESULTS: At hospitalization, hyperglycemics vs
normoglycemics had higher levels of inflammatory markers, BNP and lower left
ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF). Glucose values correlated with
norepinephrine levels (R2=0.39, p=0.001). In 30 TTS patients, 123I-MIBGcS showed lower H/Mlate values in
the acute phase (p<0.001) and
at follow-up (p<0.001) in
hyperglycemic patients. Hyperglycemics had a higher rate of HF events
(p<0.001) and deaths (p<0.05) after 24-months. At multivariate Cox
Regression analysis, hyperglycemia (p=0.008), TNF-α (p=0.001) and norepinephrine (p=0.035) were independent
predictors of HF events.

CONCLUSIONS: TTS hyperglycemic patients exhibit a sympathetic overactivity with a hyperglycemia-mediated pro-inflammatory
pathway which could cause a worse prognosis during follow-up.
Deputies of Vladimir Governorate in the State Duma of the Russian Empire (1906–1907)
Authors: Kalyuzhnaya Olga V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the activities of the deputies who represented the Vladimir Governorate in the First and Second State Dumas of the Russian Empire. The existing research base on this issue is analyzed. Special features of the local elections in the territory of the governorate are revealed. The data on the influence of the local authorities’ policy on the course of elections in the peasant curia are presented. The regional peculiarities of the tactics of individual parties (the bloc of the monarchist party and the Union of October 17) in the elections to the Second Duma are indicated. The attempts of the local authorities to disqualify the most popular opposition candidates from the elections to the Second Duma (K. Chernosvitov) are presented. The collective portrait of the Vladimir Governorate deputies is given, and the main information about their social status, age, party affiliation, and education is cited. Based on this information, the article shows the similarities and differences of the Vladimir Governorate deputies of the first and second convocations from the all-Russian indicators. The statistics on the membership of the deputies from the Vladimir Governorate in the Duma commissions are indicated, and their participation in the legislative activities of the State Duma is considered. The author highlights the key issues which were of interest to the deputies of Vladimir Governorate, such as social policy, political and civil rights, elections to the State Duma, and judicial reform. The speeches of the deputies on these issues are analyzed, and the most active parliamentarians are identified (I. Aleksinskii, K. Chernosvitov, N. Zhidelev, and M. Komissarov).
CASPIAN SEA MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FLUID DYNAMICS CONSIDERING THE PRESENCE OF ICE ON ITS SURFACE
Authors: Leontyev A.L. , Chumak M.I.
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the development and research of a mathematical model of water fluid dynamics with variable depth. This model describes the water flow movement, the thermodynamics of ice formation and melting, considers the Coriolis force, horizontal and vertical turbulence of the water environment, the complex geometry of the coastline and bottom, friction on the bottom and wind currents, evaporation, wind speed, and atmospheric density, and the deviation of the pressure field value from the hydrostatic approximation. The article describes the influence of the spatial distribution of temperature, salinity, ionic composition, and hydrostatic pressure on the processes of ice cover formation. The Caspian Sea-was chosen as the object of the simulation. The changes in the temperature and salinity distributions measured by the electrical conductivity of the water, considering the ionic composition of the Caspian Sea waters over a long-term period, are used as input data. Modeling the movement of water flow will allow you to respond to man-made threats in an accelerated time mode. The models of hydrodynamics presented in this paper can be adapted for other reservoirs using the appropriate geoinformation systems.
Students' Perceptions of Classroom Management Practices of Native and Local Foreign Language Teachers in a Turkish University: A Cultural Perspective
Authors: Göktürk Şöheyda , Abat Elif , Şişmanoğlu Kaymaz Özlem
Published: June 2021

Being closely related to culture, classroom management is a main component of effective teaching. In this study, the perceptions that Turkish university students have of classroom management practices of teachers from their own culture and other cultures (North America and England) are explored. The main purpose of the study is to understand how the cultural backgrounds of students and teachers are reflected in the expectations and practices regarding classroom management. The study was designed as a qualitative instrumental case study. The data were gathered through classroom observations and student focus groups from 53 students from the School of Foreign Languages of a large state university with respect to the classroom management practices of five native and five local teachers. The results revealed that students' perceptions of classroom management practices of local and native teachers differed in terms of classroom discipline, teacher-student relationships, and pedagogical practices. Students' expectations of discipline and teaching styles also varied in relation to their cultural backgrounds. Overall, the findings of this research are important in showing the interaction of classroom management with culture and in providing data for future qualitative research.
Evaluation of University-Based Platforms in Support of Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Hatipoğlu Burçin
Published: June 2021

The study reports on the operationalization of social entrepreneurship programs that are implemented by two university-based platforms in Turkey. Both initiatives have strategically come together with multiple partners (e.g., for-profit and nonprofit businesses and local governmental agencies) in order to achieve more than what they can accomplish on their own. Resource sharing with the partners, nature of social problems, and program outputs and outcomes were used for exploring the working principles of the two programs. The data collection included secondary data, participant observations, semi-structured interviews with program partners and beneficiaries, and a site visit. The social entrepreneurship ecosystem in the given context was found to be growing yet with gaps in support systems for scale-up projects and impact investing. The findings suggest that the two programs varied in their partnership arrangements, funding, scope, and outputs consistent with their program goals. Identifying the unmet needs in the ecosystem, knowing the platforms' strengths and capabilities, and matching with partners that have complementary resources are found to be effective strategies of the platforms. The study argues that universities are not fully utilizing their vital position to contribute to the improvements of the ecosystem, and more can be achieved by integrating the programs with teaching and research and increasing their specialization in various social issues (e.g., gender equality).
University Students' Perceptions of their Distance Education Experience during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Savaş Gökhan
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to reveal university students' views of distance education delivered during the Covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative study designed as an online survey research collected data from 3861 university students from different universities in each geographical region of Turkey between April 26, 2020 and May 6, 2020. Student views of distance education are presented with descriptive analyses. Next, cross tables containing chi-square tests of the variables that affect the difficulty of focusing on distance education along with the regression analysis of the factors influencing the evaluation of the effectiveness of distance education are presented. It was found that the majority of the students have difficulty focusing on distance education, which is related to gender, frequency of physical activity at home, university type, and their majors. The factors that affect students' perceptions of the effectiveness of distance education include age, socio-economic status of their family, staying with the family during the pandemic, difficulties in focusing, frequency of physical activity, and negative psychological effects of Covid-19.
Benzimidazole derivative as antitumor drug against experimentally induced lung carcinoma
Authors: Komarova EF , Zhukovskaya ON , Lukbanova EA , Yengibaryan MA , Pozdnyakova VV , Ushakova ND , Shatova YuS , Przhedetsky YuV , Vashenko LN , Kharagezov DA
Published: June 2021

Most cancer drugs used in a clinical setting are insufficiently effective and insufficiently safe. This prompts the search for novel substances to fight cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dihydrobromide 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-9-diethylaminoethylimidazo[1,2-a] benzimidazole (RU-185) on the growth and metastasis of experimentally induced transplantable Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Fifty-five C57/Bl6 male mice (weight 18–20 g) were subcutaneously inoculated with LLC cells. The tested substance (0.5 ml) was administered intragastrically at 50, 220, and 500 mg/kg (groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) once a day for 10 days starting at 48 h after inoculation. The control group received normal saline. Intragastric administration of the tested substance resulted in significantly longer survival in group 2 only (162.3%) and in the significant reduction of tumor size on day 1 after treatment in all groups. After the end of treatment, tumor sizes in groups 2 and 3 were 3.4 and 1.3 times smaller, respectively, on day 7 and 2.2. and 1.3 times smaller, respectively, on day 14 than in the control group (р < 0,05). The growth delay rate was sustained in group 2 by day 14 after the end of treatment; tumor regression was observed in 20% of the animals. The number of metastases in the lungs was lower in groups 1 and 2 than in the control group (2.6 and 3.1-fold, respectively), and the metastasis inhibition was 68.1% and 80%, respectively. The tested substance RU-185 has an anticancer effect in mice: it results in longer survival, slower growth of the primary tumor and fewer lung metastases of Lewis lung carcinoma.
Proizvodnoe benzimidazola kak protivoopuholevoe sredstvo v otnoshenii eksperimental'noj zlokachestvennoj opuholi legkogo
Authors: Комарова Е. Ф. , Жуковская О. Н. , Лукбанова Е. А. , Енгибарян М. А. , Позднякова В. В. , Ушакова Н. Д. , Шатова Ю. С. , Пржедецкий Ю. В. , Ващенко Л. Н. , Харагезов Д. А.
Published: June 2021

Znachitel'noe chislo primenyaemyh v klinike protivoopuholevyh sredstv nedostatochno effektivno i bezopasno, chto obuslovlivaet poisk novyh lekarstvennyh substancij. Cel' raboty — izuchit' vliyanie digidrobromida 2-(3,4-digidroksifenil)-9-dietilaminoetilimidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazola (RU185) na rost i metastazirovanie perevivaemoj eksperimental'noj opuholi legkogo L'yuis (LLC). LLC privivali 55 mysham-samkam C57/Bl6 massoj 18–20 g podkozhno. Vnutrizheludochnoe (0,5 ml v sut.) vvedenie preparata nachinali cherez 48 ch posle perevivki opuholi 1 raz v sutki 10 dnej v razovyh dozah 50, 220, 500 mg/kg (gruppy 1, 2 i 3 sootvetstvenno). Mysham kontrol'noj gruppy vvodili fiziologicheskij rastvor. Pri vnutrizheludochnom vvedenii substancii proiskhodilo dostovernoe uvelichenie prodolzhitel'nosti zhizni zhivotnyh tol'ko v gruppe 2 (162,3%), a takzhe znachimoe umen'shenie ob"emov opuholi uzhe na 1-e sutki posle okonchaniya lecheniya. Na 7-e i 14-e sutki ot momenta okonchaniya lecheniya razmery opuholi v gruppah 2 i 3 byli snizheny po sravneniyu s kontrol'noj gruppoj v 3,4 i 1,3 raza (na 7-e sutki) i v 2,2 i 1,3 raza (na 14-e sutki) sootvetstvenno (r < 0,05). Indeks tormozheniya rosta opuholi sohranilsya v gruppe 2 k 14-m sutkam posle okonchaniya lecheniya i u 20% zhivotnyh otmechen regress opuholi. CHislo metastazov v legkih v gruppah 1 i 2 bylo snizheno otnositel'no kontrolya v 2,6 i 3,1 raza sootvetstvenno, a indeks ingibirovaniya metastazirovaniya sostavil 68,1 i 80% sootvetstvenno. Issledovannyj RU-185 okazyvaet protivoopuholevoe dejstvie, chto vyrazheno v uvelichenii prodolzhitel'nosti zhizni zhivotnyh, snizhenii skorosti rosta pervichnoj opuholi, a takzhe chastoty razvitiya i kolichestva legochnyh metastazov eksperimental'noj epidermoidnoj karcinomy legkogo L'yuis myshej.
An Experimental Study On Concrete Containing Nano And/Or Micro Silica
Authors:   Cihan University - Erbil, Muhodir Sabih
Published: June 2021

The effect of using Portland cement, nano silica (NS) and /or micro silica on the mechanical and physical properties of concretes containing fine aggregate only is investigated. Two groups divided into five series each have been designed and tested. The first group was containing the nano-silica only, while the second group contained different ratios of nano silica and a constant content of 8 % of silica fume (SF) (by weight) as partial replacement of cement. Water cementations ratio (w/c) of all mixtures was constant and equal to 0.22. The cement content in all series was 800 kg/m3. Commercially available nano silica (NS) was used in the mixture for the partial substitution of cement at ratios of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 3% by weight. It was found that the addition of nano –silica is significantly enhance compressive, tensile and modulus of elasticity of concrete. From the test results obtained it has been noted that the mix containing 2 % possess significantly improved mechanical properties, furthermore, the group samples of concrete containing binary cementations nano-silica and silica fume showed better results than concrete containing nano silica only.
Erosion of Roller Compacted Concrete exposed to different water conditions
Authors:   University of Salahaddin-Hawler, Nanakali Kanar , AlSamaani Maher ,   Cihan University - Erbil, Dahham Faisal ,   University of Salahaddin-Hawler
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, due to development of hydraulic structures such as dams, the durability issue of concrete is very important parameter of hydraulic structures. Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) is new technology gaining popularity in the recent years due to its low cost, rapid construction, and using opportunity of by-products. RCC is widely used in the world for dams construction. The key issue in this regard is the concrete resistance against erosion which is related to water/ cement ratio and the crystalline formation of the particles in concrete. The experimental program of this study was based on preparing specimens of three mixes of RCC with different water/ cementitious ratio and one mix of conventional concrete. An instrument was manufactured for exposing the specimens to different water pressure, different types of water, different angles of projections and different time intervals. The total erosion was measured, studied and analyzed. It was found that the studied parameters were actively affecting the erosion value of the roller compacted concrete.
Overhead Cost Assessment of Construction Projects in Erbil Governorate
Authors:   Cihan University - Erbil, Ali Noori , Ahmed Salar ,   Salahaddin University - Erbil
Published: June 2021

Overhead or indirect cost considers as an element of the total project costs. The economic strength of any country depends on the activity of their construction industry. Overhead is an idiom refers to the costs required to operate a business, but it could not be directly attributed to any specific business activity, product, or service. And so on, overhead costs do not generate profits directly. Overhead is remainedimportant since it provides major support for the generation of profit-making value. The objective of this study is to explore common methods of measuring the overhead cost of the project in perspective of the contractors, as well as to show important types of overhead costs entire measuring cost. The research method has been conducted is a questionnaire concerning overhead cost in construction projects in Erbil Governorate. The questionnaire consists of two sections include, specify the method used by technical sector or company to measure overhead cost for the project, with choices, (i. Measuring in details ii. Measuring as a percentage, iii. Measuring as a lump sum, iv. Vary from one project to another, v. Other Method), and specify the overhead cost important, with indicating the choices of assessment. Thus; the total of 70 requests has been distributed to the respondents, 54 questioners responded. Excel program used to analyze information obtained through conducting statistical operations. Results showed that most frequent method used was measuring in details, with a percentage (42.6%). And the study shows that the most important overhead cost is material test costs which scored (RII=0.76), because of its great effect on the construction project processes generally and on overhead cost especially.
ime Overrun in Construction Projects of Sulaimani City
Authors:   Cihan University - Erbil, Ali Noori , Abdullah Payjor ,   University of Sulaimani
Published: June 2021

Several constructional projects in Sulaimani face to the delay, during the stages of designing and implementation. The delay refers to various causes. There are several key persons) resources) (templates) (clients) (factors) (characteristics) (parameters) that have direct effects on delay of the projects. The study was conducted and depended on two different methods practical and theoretical parts, for performing practical part two specific elites were chose, the first elite was the expert engineers that had actual practical involvement in construction projects and the second elite was the contractors that had a real suffering from delays of their projects. While the theoretical part was depended on reviews for the existing studies to collect information. The practical result showed that the five most effective key persons were the (1-Laws and Regulations, 2-Contractor, 3-Designer, 4-Resident Engineer, 5-Site Location) seriously. While the reviewed results for the existing studies showed (1-Designer, 2-Finance/payment, 3-Weather, 4-Unforseen circumstances, 5-Lack of Site management by Contractor). Keywords: Constructional projects delay, Time extension, Mistakes of design, Plan and scheduling, Variation order.