bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban poverty and the role of UK food aid organisations in enabling segregating and transitioning spaces of food access
Authors: McEachern Morven G. , Moraes Caroline , Scullion Lisa , Gibbons Andrea
Published: March 2024

This research examines the role of food aid providers, including their spatial engagement, in seeking to alleviate urban food poverty. Current levels of urban poverty across the UK have resulted in an unprecedented demand for food aid. Yet, urban poverty responsibility increasingly shifts away from policymakers to the third sector. Building on Castilhos and Dolbec’s notion of segregating space and original qualitative research with food aid organisations, we show how social supermarkets emerge as offering a type of transitional space between the segregating spaces of foodbanks and the market spaces of mainstream food retailers. This research contributes to existing literature by establishing the concept of transitional space, an additional type of space that facilitates movement between types of spaces and particularly transitions from the segregating spaces of emergency food aid to more secure spaces of food access. In so doing, this research extends Castilhos and Dolbec’s typology of spaces, enabling a more nuanced depiction of the spatiality of urban food poverty.
Multiple Congenital Granular Cell Epulis Involving Different Parts of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report
Authors: Qin Yuelin , Hu Ningning , Zhang Cuimei , Wang Junwei , Yang Xuecai
Published: March 2024

Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a rare disease, particularly when it affects multiple oral and maxillofacial regions. We present the case of a female neonate with 4 asymptomatic masses attached to the maxillary and mandibular gingiva as well as the tongue. Due to the size of the masses causing feeding and respiratory difficulties, lesion removal was performed under general anesthesia. Histopathological analysis revealed tightly arranged polygonal cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the cells were negative for Smur100 (S-100), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cluster of differentiation (CD) 68, and Sry-related HMG box (SOX)-10, and positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and vimentin. The diagnosis of multiple CGCEs was established through clinical examinations, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical analyses. In conclusion, CGCE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraoral lesions in neonates.
Why Reinvent the Wheel? Materializing multiplicity to resist reification in alternative organizations
Authors: Shanahan Genevieve , Jaumier Stéphane , Daudigeos Thibault , Ouahab Alban
Published: March 2024

Often we unconsciously take for granted that there is not really an alternative to how we currently organize society – we tend to reify existing social order, misperceiving the way things are now as the way things must be. Such reification constrains our agency by discouraging the thought that we could do better. Alternative organizations undermine this reification by manifesting the real possibility of organizing differently. Such dereification is valuable in itself insofar as it lifts constraints on agency, facilitating intentional choice regarding the social systems we (re)produce. A case study of this dereification is offered by the Réseau Alimentaire Local (RAL), a network of French ‘solidarity groceries’ unified by the pursuit of more just and sustainable alternatives to the dominant model. Groups within the RAL develop their own software to manage these novel alternatives. We were struck, however, by some groups’ efforts to reify their own solutions, disparaging other approaches as mere attempts to ‘reinvent the wheel’. The case thus raised a tricky question: can alternative organizations dereify existing social order without at the same time reifying their proposal, thereby reimposing constraints on agency? Our exploration through the RAL case grounds two contributions. First, conceptualizing reification in terms of materializing abstract ideas, we demonstrate how any given organizational configuration contributes to the materialization of multiple ideas simultaneously. We identify two forms of such multiplicity: vertical multiplicity, where nested relational networks materialize coherent ideas that differ only in their degree of specificity; and horizontal multiplicity, where intersecting relational networks materialize divergent ideas of the same degree of specificity. We argue that failure to recognize this multiplicity accounts for a great deal of materiality’s reifying capacity, while its recognition can facilitate new ways of approaching the dereification challenge. Our second contribution is therefore a strategy for resisting reification: materializing multiplicity.
Nurses Caring for Older Adult Family Members: Disclosing Caregiving to Work Supervisors
Authors: Xu Jiayun , Peng Yisheng , Foli Karen J.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Disclosure of family caregiving to work supervisors is needed for nurses to access work support for family caregiving. Little is known about characteristics of nurses who decide to/not to disclose family caregiving to supervisors.

Objective:

The objective was to examine characteristics of nurses based on whether they disclosed caregiving responsibilities to their nursing supervisors and describe reasons for non-disclosure.

Methods:

This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey. Registered nurses who had a work supervisor and cared for an older adult family member completed a survey including demographics, work and caregiving characteristics, and disclosure. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were conducted.

Results:

The sample included 162 nurses. Participants were on average 50 years old, 90.1% female, 65.4% married, and 80.9% were caring for a parent or parent-in-law. The disclosure was more likely among nurses who provided higher intensity care (hours of care), cared for a parent or in-law, or had a quality caregiver-care recipient relationship. Reasons for non-disclosure included wanting to separate personal and work life, discomfort, and fear of consequences.

Conclusions:

Nurses struggle with similar disclosure challenges as other family caregivers. Care intensity, caregiver-care recipient relationships, and care stress were associated with disclosure behaviors.
Ninety years after Lewin: The role of familism and attachment style in social networks characteristics across 21 nations/areas
Authors: Zhao Xian , Gillath Omri , Alonso-Arbiol Itziar , Abubakar Amina , Adams Byron G. , Autin Frédérique , Brassard Audrey , Carcedo Rodrigo J. , Catz Or , Cheng Cecilia , Conner Tamlin S. , Igarashi Tasuku , Kafetsios Konstantinos , Kamble Shanmukh , Karantzas Gery , Mendía-Monterroso Rafael Emilio , Moreira João M. , Nolte Tobias , Ruch Willibald , Sebre Sandra , Suryani Angela , Tagliabue Semira , Xu Qi , Zhang Fang
Published: March 2024

Drawing on the literature on person-culture fit, we investigated how culture (assessed as national-level familism), personality (tapped by attachment styles) and their interactions predicted social network characteristics in 21 nations/areas ( N = 2977). Multilevel mixed modeling showed that familism predicted smaller network size but greater density, tie strength, and multiplexity. Attachment avoidance predicted smaller network size, and lower density, tie strength, and multiplexity. Attachment anxiety was related to lower density and tie strength. Familism enhanced avoidance’s association with network size and reduced its association with density, tie strength, and multiplexity. Familism also enhanced anxiety’s association with network size, tie strength, and multiplexity. These findings contribute to theory building on attachment and culture, highlight the significance of culture by personality interaction for the understanding of social networks, and call attention to the importance of sampling multiple countries.
Porous TiZr alloys by dealloying of Ti20Zr20Cu60 precursor in Mg melt for biomedical applications
Authors: Salehi Mina , Malekan Mehdi
Published: March 2024

This research aims to develop porous titanium–zirconium alloy for implant applications by the liquid metal dealloying method. The results indicated the formation of a homogeneous three-dimensional porous morphology with a density of 3 ± 0.3 g/cm3. The XRD analysis shows that the porous titanium–zirconium alloy is a single-phase hcp solid solution. The unique porous scaffold can be introduced as a promising candidate for dental implants owing to bone-like elastic modulus of 3.5 GPa and compressive strength of 550 MPa. The Ashby-type diagram confirms the achievement of new biomaterial with a good combination of high strength and low stiffness.
What is the Role of Motives for Smartphone Use in Elementary School Students? Problematic Smartphone Use, Family Satisfaction, Loneliness, and Academic Performance
Authors: Przepiorka Aneta , Blachnio Agata , Kot Paweł , Cudo Andrzej
Published: March 2024

The cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationships between motives for smartphone use, family satisfaction, loneliness, grade point average (GPA), and problematic smartphone use (PSU). It included 519 elementary school students aged 12–16 years ( M = 13.87, SD = 1.01). The authors used the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Smartphone Usage Motivation Scale, the Illinois Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire, and the Satisfaction With Family Life Scale. For girls, the study revealed a significant indirect relationship between loneliness and GPA via social interactions. There was also a significant indirect relationship between loneliness and PSU via relaxing entertainment. For boys, there were significant indirect relationships between loneliness and PSU via escapism and between age and PSU via loneliness. The results may serve as a basis for therapeutic interventions and prevention programs against PSU.
Bureaucracy's Good News: A Quiet Gender Revolution
Authors: Goodsell Charles T.
Published: March 2024

An unnoticed breakthrough has occurred over the past generation in American public administration. The top level of federal governance is no longer a man's world. It is a woman's world as well. Female leaders increasingly occupy top executive positions at the levels of presidency, cabinet and agency. This revolution, like other social upheavals of our time, has significant implications for shared power, deserved rights and effective governance.
Onset of acute severe autoimmune hepatitis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a case report
Authors: Zhou Yi-Jun , Jin Qiao-Fei , Wang Chen , Zhang Xiao-Jing , Liu Hong , Bao Jianfeng
Published: March 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can trigger autoimmune inflammation in the liver, leading to acute autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We herein report a case involving a 39-year-old woman with a 23-day history of yellow skin and urine. Using the revised original scoring system of the International AIH Group, we definitively diagnosed the patient with acute severe AIH (AS-AIH). She began treatment with 80 mg/day intravenous methylprednisolone, which was gradually reduced and followed by eventual transition to oral methylprednisolone. The patient finally achieved a biochemical response after 30 days of therapy, and liver transplantation was avoided. Clinicians should be aware that the onset of AS-AIH after SARS-CoV-2 infection differs from the onset of conventional AIH with respect to its clinical and pathological features. Early diagnosis and timely glucocorticoid treatment are crucial in improving outcomes.
Comparison between prefabricated ankle–foot orthoses, Dyna Ankle and UD Flex, in patients with hemiplegia
Authors: Lee Su Ji , Kim Tae Yong , Kim Kyung Min , Cho Sung-Rae
Published: March 2024

Objective

To compare the kinematic effects of two widely-used prefabricated ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs), the Dyna Ankle (DA) and UD Flex (UD), on the gait cycle of patients with hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy or acquired brain injury.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study involving 29 patients. Gait analysis results were assessed under three conditions: barefoot, with the DA, and with the UD. Friedman tests and post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction were performed to assess differences between the three conditions.

Results

The DA significantly improved ankle dorsiflexion during the mid-swing phase, making it more effective in correcting foot drop compared with the UD (DA: 2.28°, UD: 0.44°). Conversely, the UD was more effective in preventing knee flexion during the loading response (DA: 28.11°, UD: 26.72°).

Conclusions

The DA improved ankle dorsiflexion during the swing phase significantly more than that with the UD in patients with hemiplegia. Compared with the DA, the UD more effectively prevented increased knee flexion during the loading response. The choice to prescribe these orthoses should consider individual patient characteristics.
Law’s artefacts: Personal rapid transit and public narratives of hitchhiking and crime
Authors: Cole Simon A , Bertenthal Alyse
Published: March 2024

The West Virginia University (WVU) Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) system was built between 1971 and 1975 in Morgantown, West Virginia to be a prototype transportation system of the future. Envisioned as a hybrid of public and automotive transportation, the fully automated cars deliver passengers directly to their destinations without stopping at intervening stations. The PRT concept may be familiar to STS scholars through Latour’s study of Aramis, a PRT in Paris that was never completed. This article recounts a history with the opposite ending: the successful realization of a PRT in West Virginia. Our account supplements existing ones, which explain the construction of the WVUPRT primarily as the product of geography and politics. While not denying these factors, we carve out an explanatory role for another influence: a public narrative about the dangers of hitchhiking and crimes that might ensue from that practice. In weaving together that narrative with the history of the WVUPRT, we show how public narratives of crime authorize technological infrastructure.
Efficacy and safety of galcanezumab as chronic cluster headache preventive treatment under real world conditions: Observational prospective study
Authors: Lamas Pérez Raquel , Millán-Vázquez Manuel , González-Oria Carmen
Published: March 2024

Background

Calcitonin gene-related peptide has shown to play a central role in cluster headache (CH) pathophysiology. A clinical trial with galcanezumab was carried out in chronic cluster headache (CCH) but did not meet its primay endpoint. However, its off-label use in patients with CCH refractory to other therapies could be considered. We aimed to asses the efficacy and safety of galcanezumab as CCH preventive treatment in a real-life setting.

Methods

An observational study was conducted. Patients with CCH who received at least one dose of 240 mg of galcanezumab.

Results

Twenty-one patients who tried a mean of 6.3 ± 1.9 preventive therapies, including onabotulinumtoxinA in 90.5%. At baseline, the median of frequency was 60 (37.5–105) monthly attacks with 10 (8.3–10) points in pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale). After one month, the frequency decreased to 31 (10.5–45) ( p = 0.003) with 8.5 (8–9.5) intensity ( p = 0.007); 10 (47.6%) patients were 50% responders of whom four (19%) were 75% responders. Of the 15 patients with 3 months of follow-up, seven (46.6%) reduced their frequency by 50% and four (26.6%) by 75%, with 40 (10–60) monthly attacks ( p = 0.07) and pain intensity of 8 (5–10) ( p = 0.026). Some 52% patients experienced adverse events, mostly mild.

Conclusions

In our cohort of refractory CCH, galcanezumab was effective in almost 50% of patients. This finding supports individual off-label treatment attempts.
Identifying Corridor-Level Safety Improvements for Urban and Suburban Arterials in Florida Within a Safe System Framework
Authors: McCombs John , Al-Deek Haitham , Sandt Adrian , Uddin Nizam , Carrick Grady
Published: March 2024

Many agencies have adopted a Safe System approach to improving roadway safety. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) provides methods for assessing safety, but these models are site-specific and require extensive data, making them difficult to use at large scales. This paper develops a corridor-level methodology for holistically looking at corridors made of consecutive intersections and roadway segments to identify safety improvements which align with the Safe System approach while requiring less data than HSM methods. Using a standardized definition, a total of 549 corridors on urban and suburban arterials across Florida were identified which experienced over 10,000 fatal and serious injury (FSI) crashes from 2017 through 2021. A negative binomial regression model was developed to predict mean FSI (MFSI) crashes at the corridor level (using corridor length as exposure), with the predicted values adjusted using the Empirical Bayes method to provide more accurate results. The significant factors in the model were traffic volume, intersection densities and sizing, area type, bus stop presence, citation rate, and corridor lighting presence. Increasing citation rates (citations/year/mile) for unsafe driving behaviors by one unit was predicted to reduce MFSI crash frequency in corridors by 2%, and corridors without lighting were predicted to experience 2.79 times more MFSI crashes compared with corridors with lighting. Two sister corridors in South Florida with similar roadway characteristics but different crash frequencies were also analyzed. Improvements to lighting and access control in the identified high-risk corridor could help reduce FSI crashes. Overall, this corridor approach can help agencies proactively improve roadway safety.
Predicting Achievement From WISC-V Composites: Do Cognitive-Achievement Relations Vary Based on General Intelligence?
Authors: Caemmerer Jacqueline M. , Young Stephanie Ruth , Maddocks Danika , Charamut Natalie R. , Blemahdoo Eunice
Published: March 2024

In order to make appropriate educational recommendations, psychologists must understand how cognitive test scores influence specific academic outcomes for students of different ability levels. We used data from the WISC-V and WIAT-III ( N = 181) to examine which WISC-V Index scores predicted children’s specific and broad academic skills and if cognitive-achievement relations varied by general intelligence. Verbal abilities predicted most academic skills for children of all ability levels, whereas processing speed, working memory, visual processing, and fluid reasoning abilities differentially predicted specific academic skills. Processing speed and working memory demonstrated significant interaction effects with full-scale IQ when predicting youth’s essay writing. Findings suggest generalized intelligence may influence the predictive validity of certain cognitive tests, and replication studies in larger samples are encouraged.
Clearance for Driving in Genetic Generalized Epilepsy
Authors: Desai Jay , Sadrieh Kiarash , Singh Eesha
Published: March 2024

A key aspect of management of genetic generalized epilepsy involves assessing seizure control and deciding suitability for driving motor vehicles. We surveyed child neurologists and pediatric epileptologists on key questions that practitioners should ask prior to providing clearance for driving. The results showed a wide variability of practice among responders. We propose a likely appropriate process necessary to determine seizure control.
Contrast-specific propensity scores for causal inference with multiple interventions
Authors: Han Shasha , Goh Joel , Meng Fanwen , Leow Melvin Khee-Shing , Rubin Donald B
Published: March 2024

Existing methods that use propensity scores for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation on non-experimental data do not readily extend to the case of more than two treatment options. In this work, we develop a new propensity score-based method for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation when there are three or more treatment options, and prove that it generates unbiased estimates. We demonstrate our method on a real patient registry of patients in Singapore with diabetic dyslipidemia. On this dataset, our method generates heterogeneous treatment recommendations for patients among three options: Statins, fibrates, and non-pharmacological treatment to control patients’ lipid ratios (total cholesterol divided by high-density lipoprotein level). In our numerical study, our proposed method generated more stable estimates compared to a benchmark method based on a multi-dimensional propensity score.
Bovine astrovirus and its role in lymphocytic encephalitis in cattle in Ontario, Canada, 1988–2019
Authors: Comeau Dominique , Spinato Maria T. , Ojkic Davor , Foster Robert A. , Caswell Jeff L.
Published: March 2024

Astroviruses have been found in cattle and other species with encephalitis. Our objective was to determine the frequency of neurotropic bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) in cases of encephalitis in cattle ≥ 4-mo-old. Of 56 cases of idiopathic lymphocytic encephalitis examined retrospectively (1988–2019), fixed brain from 11 cases (19%) tested positive by semi-quantitative RT-PCR for BoAstV CH13/NeuroS1. None of the control cases tested positive, including 32 with other forms of encephalitis and 40 with no neurologic disease. Most astrovirus-positive cases were 1–2-y-old, with a range of 7 mo to 7 y, and affected both beef and dairy breeds with wide geographic distribution. BoAstV-positive cases had acute onset of neurologic signs of 12 h to 7 d before death or euthanasia. Affected cattle had lymphocytic inflammation throughout the brain including cerebrum, thalamus, midbrain, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and spinal cord, and affecting gray and white matter. Further PCR testing identified a possible cause in 9 of the 45 (20%) remaining idiopathic cases of lymphocytic encephalitis, including eastern equine encephalitis virus, Listeria monocytogenes, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine alphaherpesvirus 1, and ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (malignant catarrhal fever); we found no cases of infection by West Nile virus, rabies virus, or Chlamydia spp. No cause was identified in 36 of 56 (64%) cases of lymphocytic encephalitis. We frequently identified neurotropic BoAstV in cases of lymphocytic encephalitis that had no previously identified cause. Neurotropic BoAstV infections had gone undetected for decades, but the frequency of BoAstV infections has not increased among contemporary cases.
Designing Collaborative Intelligence Systems for Employee-AI Service Co-Production
Authors: Blaurock Marah , Büttgen Marion , Schepers Jeroen
Published: March 2024

Employees increasingly co-produce services with artificial intelligence (AI). Focusing on system design, this research uncovers (1) which system features qualify an AI system as a so-called collaborative intelligence (CI) system, (2) to what extent CI systems influence work-related employee outcomes, and (3) which CI features relate to which outcomes. Based on an extensive literature review and a qualitative study, we demarcate CI from related concepts—such as hybrid intelligence, collective intelligence, and human-AI teaming—and identify five relevant CI system features: engagement, transparency, process control, outcome control, and reciprocal strength enhancement. Employing two scenario-based experiments with financial services employees ( N = 309) and HR professionals ( N = 345), we demonstrate that strong CI systems (i.e., characterized by the aforementioned five features) significantly relate to perceived service improvement, perceived outcome responsibility, (threat to) meaning of work, and adherence to the system. Particularly, transparency, process control, and outcome control are important design features, while, surprisingly, engagement seems less relevant. We also identify previous AI experience of employees as an important contingency factor: effects are much stronger for AI novices. Our research contributes to service literature by defining CI systems, while practitioners may benefit from our blueprint for CI system design.
Quality assurance in surgical trials of arteriovenous grafts for haemodialysis: A systematic review, a narrative exploration and expert recommendations
Authors: Kingsmore David B , Edgar Ben , Aitken Emma , Calder Francis , Franchin Marco , Geddes Colin , Inston Nick , Jackson Andrew , Jones Rob G , Karydis Nikolaos , Kasthuri Ram , Mestres Gaspar , Papadakis Georgios , Sivaprakasam Rajesh , Stephens Mike , Stevenson Karen , Stove Callum , Szabo Lazslo , Thomson Peter C , Tozzi Matteo , White Richard D
Published: March 2024

Background:

Introducing new procedures and challenging established paradigms requires well-designed randomised controlled trials (RCT). However, RCT in surgery present unique challenges with much of treatment tailored to the individual patient circumstances, refined by experience and limited by organisational factors. There has been considerable debate over the outcomes of arteriovenous grafts (AVG) compared to AVF, but any differences may reflect differing practice and potential variability. It is essential, therefore, when considering an RCT of a novel surgical procedure or device that quality assurance (QA) is defined for both the new approach and the comparator. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the QA standards performed in RCT of AVG using a multi-national, multi-disciplinary approach and propose an approach for future RCT.

Method:

The methods of this have been previously registered (PROSPERO: CRD420234284280) and published. In summary, a four-stage review was performed: identification of RCT of AVG, initial review, multidisciplinary appraisal of QA methods and reconciliation. QA measures were sought in four areas – generic, credentialing, standardisation and monitoring, with data abstracted by a multi-national, multi-speciality review body.

Results:

QA in RCT involving AVG in all four domains is highly variable, often sub-optimally described and has not improved over the past three decades. Few RCT established or defined a pre-RCT level of experience, none documented a pre-trial education programme, or had minimal standards of peri-operative management, no study had a defined pre-trial monitoring programme, and none assessed technical performance.

Conclusion:

QA in RCT is a relatively new area that is expanding to ensure evidence is reliable and reproducible. This review demonstrates that QA has not previously been detailed, but can be measured in surgical RCT of vascular access, and that a four-domain approach can easily be implemented into future RCT.
sendemails: An automated email package with multiple applications
Authors: Fumarco Luca , Gaddis S. Michael , Sarracino Francesco , Snoddy Iain
Published: March 2024

In this article, we illustrate the sendemails command, which allows users to automatically send emails with Stata through PowerShell. Researchers can use this package to perform several email tasks, such as contacting students or colleagues with standardized messages. Additionally, researchers can perform more complex tasks that entail sending randomized messages with multiple attachments from multiple accounts; these tasks are often necessary to conduct correspondence audit tests. This article introduces the sendemails command and illustrates multiple examples of its application. The online appendix discusses an application of this package to correspondence audits.
Browse and cite Stata manuals easily: The wwwhelp command
Authors: Chen Yongli , Lian Yujun
Published: March 2024

In this article, we describe a new command, wwwhelp, that facilitates direct access to online versions of Stata’s official help files or PDF documentation. Addressing the challenges associated with storing, citing, and sharing documentation, wwwhelp complements the help command by enabling access to documentation outside the Stata environment. In addition to fully using the abundant resources available on Stata’s website, wwwhelp enhances the convenience of citing Stata commands in articles and blog posts, thereby promoting the utilization and dissemination of Stata commands.
The strengthening theory of steel fiber reinforced concrete and its application in tunnel engineering: A review
Authors: Yang Junchao , Zhang Yuanhang , Huang Jian
Published: March 2024

Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is one of the fastest growing and most widely used fiber concrete as engineering structural material. Considering the importance of steel fiber concrete in tunneling applications, this paper reviews and discusses the damage mechanism of concrete and the crack arresting effect of steel fiber, and further investigates the application of SFRC in tunneling based on the reinforcement theory of SFRC. It was obvious that (1) steel fiber can not only delay the cracking damage of concrete, but also improve the deformation capacity of concrete, SFRC has excellent impact resistance and high tensile strength; (2) all the reinforcement theories can be considered to be developed on the basis of composite mechanics theory and fiber spacing theory by comprehensive improvement, but still need to further explore the reinforcement theory reflecting; (3) the combination of steel reinforcement and steel fiber will reduce the use of tunnel reinforcement, which is proven to be a better choice, because the content of steel fibers in SFRC has a certain degree of unevenness, so steel fibers can not completely replace the application of steel; and (4) SFRC applied to the node part of the tunnel structure is more effective, but the relevant research is less, in addition, steel fiber concrete tunnel node seismic resistance will be an important direction for future research. The relevant research in this paper can provide reference for the practical application of SFRC in tunnel engineering and other research directions.
World Health Organization World Hand Hygiene Day, 5 May 2024. SAVE LIVES: Clean Your Hands campaign: Promoting knowledge and capacity building on infection prevention and control, including hand hygiene, among health and care workers
Authors: Kilpatrick Claire , Tartari Ermira , Deeves Miranda , Pittet Didier , Allegranzi Benedetta
Published: March 2024

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) World Hand Hygiene Day continues to “bring people together and accelerate hand hygiene action at the point of care in health care to contribute to a reduction in health care-associated infections and the achievement of safer, quality health care for all.”
Pain Management in Surgical Treatment of Facial Fractures: Alternative Approaches to Opioid Use
Authors: Tucker Jacqueline , Oxford Madison , Goldenberg Dana , Ziai Kasra , Lighthall Jessyka G.
Published: March 2024

Study Design

Literature review.

Objective

This review aims to explore current opioid use trends for surgical management of facial fractures, as well as methods and alternative treatments to decrease opioid use.

Methods

Review of selected literature from Medline and Google Scholar.

Results

Despite the devastating effects of the opioid epidemic and recent policy changes aimed at reducing unnecessary opioid prescription, opioids remain commonly used for pain management after facial fracture repair. Recently, use of multimodal analgesic therapy has been suggested to decrease opioid dosage utilized for post-operative pain control. Alternatives to medication therapies have been proposed for pain management; however, standardized recommendations for pain management in facial fracture patients remain unclear.

Conclusions

Further research is required to establish evidence-based recommendations for pain management in craniofacial fracture repair.
The BMP7-Derived Peptide p[63-82] Reduces Cartilage Degeneration in the Rat ACLT–pMMx Model for Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ripmeester Ellen G.J. , Steijns Jessica S.J.J. , Wijnands Karolina A.P. , Stassen Roderick H.M.J. , Pitelka Vasek , Peeters Laura C.W. , Cremers Andy , Astryde Nzekui M. S. A. , Chabronova Alzbeta , Surtel Don A.M. , Emans Pieter J. , van den Akker Guus G.H. , van Rietbergen Bert , van Rhijn Lodewijk W. , Caron Marjolein M.J. , Welting Tim J.M.
Published: March 2024

Objective

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by articular cartilage erosion, pathological subchondral bone changes, and signs of synovial inflammation and pain. We previously identified p[63-82], a bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7)-derived bioactive peptide that attenuates structural cartilage degeneration in the rat medial meniscal tear-model for posttraumatic OA. This study aimed to evaluate the cartilage erosion-attenuating activity of p[63-82] in a different preclinical model for OA (anterior cruciate ligament transection—partial medial meniscectomy [anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-pMMx]). The disease-modifying action of the p[63-82] was followed-up in this model for 5 and 10 weeks.

Design

Skeletally mature male Lewis rats underwent ACLT-pMMx surgery. Rats received weekly intra-articular injections with either saline or 500 ng p[63-82]. Five and 10 weeks postsurgery, rats were sacrificed, and subchondral bone characteristics were determined using microcomputed tomography (µCT). Histopathological evaluation of cartilage degradation and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI)-scoring was performed following Safranin-O/Fast Green staining. Pain-related behavior was measured by incapacitance testing and footprint analysis.

Results

Histopathological evaluation at 5 and 10 weeks postsurgery showed reduced cartilage degeneration and a significantly reduced OARSI score, whereas no significant changes in subchondral bone characteristics were found in the p[63-82]-treated rats compared to the saline-treated rats. ACLT-pMMx-induced imbalance of static weightbearing capacity in the p[63-82] group was significantly improved compared to the saline-treated rats at weeks 5 postsurgery. Footprint analysis scores in the p[63-82]-treated rats demonstrated improvement at week 10 postsurgery.

Conclusions

Weekly intra-articular injections of p[63-82] in the rat ACLT-pMMx posttraumatic OA model resulted in reduced degenerative cartilage changes and induced functional improvement in static weightbearing capacity during follow-up.
How Far Into the Future Can Values Predict Behavior? It Depends on Value Importance
Authors: Lake Joshua , Sneddon Joanne , Bardi Anat , Lee Julie
Published: March 2024

When people say a value is important to them, does it have consequences years later? Recent research found that among people who hold a value to be highly important, there tend to be strong relations between that value and behavior. But does this effect persist over time? The current research found that highly important values correlate with behavior, 1 and 2 years later, significantly more strongly than less important values, using a sample of Australian adults ( n = 2,333 to 3,135). We found this between refined values and indices of value-expressive behaviors, as well as between tradition and universalism values and charitable donations. This adds to our understanding of the nature of values as priorities, showing that highly important values operate differently to less important values by having a stronger role in their effect on behavior, not just in the present but also in the future.
Scoping review of data privacy risks in COVID-19 apps with digital vaccination certifications
Authors: Amanda Isca , Graffin Savannah , Grando Maria Adela
Published: March 2024

The goal was to review mobile apps with COVID-19 digital vaccination certificates between November 2022 and March 2023 and evaluate: (a) compliance with the WHO Proof of Vaccination Scenario requirements, (b) risk levels of app permissions using a Permission Accumulated Risk Score (PARS), and (c) readability and transparency of the app's privacy policies using a Privacy Transparency Index (PTI) score. We found 49 mobile apps with COVID-19 digital vaccination certificates from across 32 countries. Most apps were developed by governments (37/49, 75.51%). We discovered a high positive correlation between the country-wide app total installs and the people vaccinated with at least one dose in the country (r = 0.93, P = <.001). Most apps (97.96%) had sources of information available for compliance with WHO Proof of Vaccination Scenario requirements. Only two apps included all the required data items, while most apps (75%) included five or more data out of nine items. We found that most (97.96%) apps had a Google Play link to generate the Exodus platform permission report, and most (95.92%) apps had an associated privacy policy available. We identified 80 unique permissions; some (23.75%) were dangerous or special. We also found 28 types of trackers. The average PARS was 28.58 (IQR 23.25, range 15–38.25). Most of the apps’ privacy policies documents were difficult or very difficult to read (median grade level 14, IQR 2.6, range 13–15.6). The average PTI was 50.43 (SD 14.73; range 22.5–75). In conclusion, higher compliance with the WHO Proof of Vaccination Scenario requirements is desirable to support interoperability. Developers should limit the number of permissions for essential needs and disclose their purpose. Developers should write privacy policies that a wider audience can understand.
Cultural Capital and the Transnational Mobility of Asian Middle-Class Students to Germany
Authors: Huang Junjun , Yoon Dohye
Published: March 2024

This paper reports the motivations of middle-class Asian students who choose German universities of applied sciences under the third wave of international student mobility. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the students’ qualitative experiences in Asian countries that influenced their preference for German universities of applied sciences and their expectations of their German degree as cultural capital. The research analyzes the family, school, peer experiences of 23 Asian students currently enrolled in a German university of applied sciences to understand their motivations for choosing this type of institution and Germany. The findings reveal that the cultural capital that influenced their choice includes differentiation strategies of middle-class students, reasonable education investment choices of Asian students, and the use of a German degree as a trump card in the labor market. The study provides implications for the development of international higher education by connecting Asian students’ aspirations for global cultural capital to a complex and atypical structure that encompasses global, national, and individual dimensions simultaneously.
Prediction of 3-Dimensional Coverage Surface Area of the Femoral Head in Hip Dysplasia Through Conventional Computed Tomography
Authors: Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Ritacco Lucas , Slullitel Pablo A. , Nahal Chadi , Nepple Jeffrey J. , Clohisy John C. , Pascual-Garrido Cecilia
Published: March 2024

Background:

Assessment of 3-dimensional (3D) femoral head coverage is critical in evaluating, preoperative planning, and treating hip dysplasia.

Purpose:

To (1) propose a mathematical model to establish 3D femoral head coverage using conventional computed tomography (CT), (2) determine the correlation of 2D parameters with 3D coverage, and (3) characterize the patterns of dysplasia based on 3D morphology.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We identified 30 patients (n = hips) with symptomatic dysplasia and 30 patients (n = hips) without dysplasia. Patients with dysplastic hips were matched with regard to sex, age, and body mass index to those with nondysplastic hips. Preoperative CTs were analyzed using 3D software, and 3D femoral head surface area coverage (FHSAC; in %) was assessed in 4 quadrant zones: anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, and posterolateral. To assess lateral coverage of the femoral head, we introduced the anterolateral femoral head coverage angle (ALFC) and the posterolateral femoral head coverage angle (PLFC).

Results:

Reduced femoral head coverage was more pronounced in dysplastic versus nondysplastic hips in the anterolateral quadrant (18% vs 40.7%, respectively) and posterolateral quadrant (35.8% vs 56.9%, respectively) ( P < .0001 for both). Dysplastic hips had smaller ALFC and PLFC (18.4° vs 38.7°; P < .0001; 47.2° vs 72.3°; P = .0002). Anterolateral and posterolateral FHSAC were strongly correlated with the ALFC ( r = 0.88; P < .0001) and the PLFC ( r = 0.82; P < .0001) along with the lateral center-edge angle (anterolateral, r = 0.75; P < .0001; posterolateral, r = 0.73; P < .0001). Prediction models established for FHSAC had strong agreement with explanatory CT variables (anterolateral: r = 0.91; P < .0001; posterolateral: r = 0.90; P < .0001). The cutoff values for anterolateral and posterolateral FHSAC were 25% and 41%, respectively. In dysplastic hips, global deficiency was most common (15/30 hips), 9 hips showed an anterolateral deficiency, and 4 hips had a posterolateral deficiency pattern.

Conclusion:

The ALFC and The PLFC were strongly correlated with 3D lateral FHSAC and were able to predict 3D coverage accurately.
Hegemonic Surveillance at Work: Fabricating the cyberized, totalized and thespianized employee
Authors: Jaser Zahira , Tourish Dennis
Published: March 2024

Recent developments in technology have intensified the totalizing potential of surveillance within the workplace. Our paper proposes a theory of hegemonic surveillance to enhance our understanding of these processes. We argue that it is necessary to theorize surveillance as a multilevel phenomenon. Accordingly, we propose a model of hegemonic surveillance that starts from the outer socio/political level, characterized by neoliberalism. This sees workers in wholly economic terms, as units of productive capacity, rather than fully fledged human beings. It is an ideological context that underpins the growth of surveillance within the workplace. We employ Gramsci’s ideas of hegemony to theorize the normalization of surveillance that is thus produced. Surveillance is increasingly inescapable (performance is monitored and measured at all times, in all spaces) and pervasive (it encompasses all aspects of human performance, including emotions, health and lifestyle). Extending Burawoy’s ideas of consent, we argue that the performance of consent is central to the perpetuation of hegemony. Such performances, while seemingly voluntary, are becoming mandatory in ever more work contexts. At an individual level, we articulate the risk of totally surveilled employees becoming cyberized, totalized and thespianized. While acknowledging resistance, and ourselves seeking to resist technological determinism, the purpose of this paper is to theorize a dystopian future of work that could come to pass if present trends remain unchecked.
Identifying Elements of Inclusion: Interviews With Elementary Music Teachers About Their Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Draper Ellary A. , Brown Laura S. , Jellison Judith A.
Published: March 2024

Each year, increasingly more children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are being served in schools. Many children with ASD are included in elementary music classrooms, but little is known about the experiences of these students and their teachers. For this study, we purposefully selected two elementary music teachers from participants in a survey about students with ASD. Semi-structured interviews with these teachers allowed us to identify elements necessary for creating a culture of inclusion and implementing the inclusion of students with ASD. Follow-up, in-class observations with one teacher confirmed interview findings. Overall, results from the teachers’ interviews suggested elements that could impede or facilitate elementary music teachers in their efforts to create a classroom culture of inclusion and implement inclusion using best practices from music education and special education. Findings also provide important implications for music teacher preparation programs and school policies and procedures.
Hydroxylbenyacarite, (H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10⋅4H2O, a new paulkerrite-group mineral, from the El Criollo mine, Cordoba Province, Argentina
Authors: Hochleitner Rupert , Rewitzer Christian , Grey Ian E. , Kampf Anthony R. , MacRae Colin M. , Gable Robert W. , Mumme William G.
Published: March 2024

Hydroxylbenyacarite, (H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10⋅4H2O, is a new paulkerrite-group mineral from the El Criollo mine, Cordoba Province, Argentina (IMA2023–079). It was found in specimens of altered triplite, in association with bermanite, phosphosiderite, quartz, strengite and manganese oxides.

Hydroxylbenyacarite occurs as light greenish-yellow rhombic tablets with dimensions of typically 20 to 50 μm, occasionally to 400 μm. The crystals are flattened on {010}, slightly elongated on [001] and bounded by the {111} and {010} forms. The calculated density is 2.32 g cm–3. Optically, hydroxylbenyacarite crystals are biaxial (+), with α = 1.608(3), β = 1.624(3), γ = 1.642(3) (measured in white light) and 2V(meas.) = 88(2)°. The calculated 2V is 87.5°. The empirical formula is Ca0.06A[K0.46(H2O)0.88□0.66]Σ2.00M1(Mn1.52Mg0.02Fe2+0.35□0.11)Σ2.00M2+M3(Fe3+1.21Al0.02Ti1.77)Σ3.00(PO4)4X[F0.16(OH)0.70O1.14]Σ2.00(H2O)10⋅3.77H2O.

The average crystal structure for hydroxylbenyacarite has space groupPbcaand unit cell parametersa= 10.5500(3) Å,b=20.7248(5) Å,c= 12.5023(3) Å,V= 2733.58(12) Å3andZ= 4. It was refined using single-crystal data towRobs= 0.074 for 2611 reflections withI> 3σ(I). The crystal structure contains corner-connected linear trimers of Ti-centred octahedra that share corners with PO4tetrahedra to form 10-member rings parallel to (010). K+cations and water molecules are located in interstitial sites within the rings. Additional corner-sharing of the PO4tetrahedra with MnO2(H2O)4octahedra occurs along [010] to complete the 3D framework structure. A new eight-coordinated interstitial site, previously unreported for paulkerrite-group minerals, is occupied by Ca2+cations. Weak diffuse diffraction spots in reconstructed precession images for hydroxylbenyacarite violate theaandbglide plane extinctions forPbcaand are consistent with local, unit-cell-scale regions of monoclinic,P21/cstructure, in which ordering of the interstitial K+and Ca2+cations occurs.