bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PT. BUKIT ASAM (PERSERO) TBK TANJUNG ENIM TAHUN 2015-2019
Authors: Louis Wilson , Sutjiati Rosemarie
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted to determine PT. Bukit Asam Tbk. Tanjung Enim financial performance from 2015 to 2019 using financial ratio analysis. The company’s financial ratio will be viewed from many sides using several ratios such as liquidity, profitability, solvability, activity and market ratio. Method that’s used for this research is descriptive method and data collecting method that’s used is documentation of the company’s financial performance from 2015-2019 periods. The analysis result shows that for financial performance of PT. Bukit Asam Tbk. Tanjung Enim indicates good profitability, liquidity, solvency ratios as well as good market ratios, while the activity ratios consisting of accounts receivable turnover ratio, average age of accounts receivable, inventory turnover, average number of days inventory turnover in stock and the turnover of total assets is not enough therefore company management needs to improve the ability to manage its assets, inventories and receivables
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DARING MELALUI ZOOM MEETING
Authors: Wibowo Nina , Suswandari Meidawati , Widyastuti Efa
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe online learning strategies through Zoom Meeting s for sixth grade students at Sugihan 03 State Elementary School Sukoharjo. This type of research uses a qualitative approach. The subject of this research is the sixth grade teacher at Sugihan 03 State Elementary School Sukoharjo. The data collection tool used is interviews. The data analysis techniques of this research are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that online learning through Zoom Meeting s greatly influences digital literacy skills for teachers and children. The method in online learning that is often used uses Project Based Learning.
ANALISIS KEGIATAN BELAJAR OFFLINE DAN ONLINE PADA SISWA KELAS 9 MTsN 4 BOJONEGORO DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kuraesin Putriyana Permata Sari , Fahira Nafis , Afdillah Alvina Khurriyatul , Fatmah Fatmah , Jariyah Ita Ainun
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world, including Indonesia, stopped activities in all fields, especially education. The government has implemented a policy that learning activities must be carried out online to prevent the spread of the virus. The easing of the pandemic makes offline learning then re-applied even within certain limits. The purpose of this research is to analyze the comparison of online and offline teaching and learning activities in 9th graders at MTsN 4 Bojonegoro. The method used is qualitative descriptive with survey techniques. The results showed that 74.2% preferred offline learning systems. Online learning is considered to have many obstacles, such as lack of understanding of learning materials, limited internet network, the use of high internet data, problematic the implementation of midterm exam or final exam, to the difficulty of concentrating due to disruption from the home environment. A total of 66.1% of respondents stated that teachers could not convey materials and communicate effectively in online learning, and 54.8% of respondents stated the difficulty of communication between learners online. Respondents also assessed that understanding of the material could work well in offline learning (54.8%) and considered the work on the task would be easier if the learning was done offline (66.1%), than when done online.
KETERCAPAIAN IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Marpaung Roberto W. , Sinaga Serlina Boru
Published: April 2022

The issue of decreasing knowledge of nationalism of the senior high students in Papua had been the background of this research. The Covid-19 Pandemic has impacted various sectors, especially in education. More research are needed to figure out the education implementation during the pandemic so that appropriate policies can then be formulated and issued. This research was aimed at describing the implementation of 2013 Curriculum during the pandemic on Civics. It was carried out at SMA Negeri 2 Merauke. The research design applied was a descriptive with qualitative method. Three data collection techniques were used; interviews, observations, and documentation. The respondents of research consisted of principal, vice principal for curriculum, Civics teacher, and school administration officer. The data analysis was carried out by following several stages, such as data presentation, data reduction, and conclusion. The result showed that the implementation of  Curriculum 2013 on Civics during the Pandemic Covid-19 was not effective. It was also not suitable with the the emergency condition as Covid-19. Long distance learning model was difficult for teachers to develop the students’ knowledge and behavior of defending the nation of Republik Indonesia. Several technical issues were found by both teachers and students in implementing long distance learning (online learning). Some discrepancies were also found in the learning approach, learning model, learning method and learning media. Therefore, curriculum development with special conditions (not 2013 Curriculum) is needed during the condition of emergency, for example during the Covid-19 Pandemic
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PERMAINAN LUKER PADA MUATAN PEMBELAJARAN PPKN KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Putri Zulfa Ika , Hidayat Otib Satibi , Soleh Dudung Amir
Published: April 2022

This research and development produce to develop learning media in the form of the LUKER game (Ludo Keragaman) in PPKn content with socio-cultural diversity material for fifth grade elementary school students. The method used in this research is research and development (R&D) is ADDIE model. This study involved one media expert, one material expert, one linguist, three students on fifth grade at SDN Tugu Utara 17 for one to one trial, and twelve students on fifth grade at SDN Tugu Utara 17 for small group trial. Data collection techniques used in the development of this ludo game are interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The results of this ludo game media trial obtained a score of 85% from media experts, 92.5% from material experts, and 87.5% from linguists. The results of the one-to-one user trial got an average score of 100%, while the small group trial got an average score of 100%. This shows that the LUKER game media obtained a very good score, so that it was declared worthy of being used as a learning media for PPKn theme 8 (Lingkungan Sahabat Kita) for fifth grade elementary school.
PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA TERBATAS BERBASIS KONTEKSTUAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Satriani Satriani
Published: April 2022

Indonesia is one of the countries that has an impact on the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Aspects of life are also disrupted because this has no impact on the education aspect.. As a result, learning in schools, which were usually done offline, is now being done online. However, since July 2021 through a decree from the Minister of Education and Culture, limited face-to-face learning (PTM) has been implemented. This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of contextual-based limited face-to-face learning on Biology learning on the learning outcomes of students in class X IPA MA Pest Al Qamar. This research uses ex post facto research. Data collection techniques using questionnaires to see the implementation of contextual-based face-to-face learning and documentation to see student learning outcomes. The results obtained are the implementation of contextual-based limited face-to-face learning has been carried out very well with an average score of 3.69, and student learning outcomes are in the good category with an average score of 3.14. The results of statistical correlation analysis obtained the value of r2 of 0.446 or 44.6%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is an effect of implementing contextual-based limited face-to-face learning with biology learning outcomes for Class X IPA MA Pest Al Qamar.
Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Antara Bank Islam Thailand Dengan Bank Umum Periode 2017-2019
Authors: Bahakhiri Husna , Leniwati Driana
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keungulan bisnis Bank Islam Thailand dan bank umum lainnya (Bank Thanachart dan Bank Bangkok) dengan cara membandingkan kinerja keuangan berdasarkan indikator rasio operasi, rasio efisiensi operasional, rasio struktur pendapatan dan rasio ekspansi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari laporan keuangan kuartal ke 4 tahun 2017 sampai dengan kuartal ke 4 tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa indikator rasio operasi yang dilihat dari rasio likuiditas dan profitabilitas berbeda, sedangkan dari rasio kualitas asset dan modal ditemukan tidak berbeda. Selanjutnya untuk rasio efisiensi operasional dan rasio ekspansi antara Bank Islam Thailand dengan Bank Umum juga ditemukan berbeda.
Kemampuan Prediksi Return Saham Ditinjau dari Aset Operasi dan Pendapatan Operasi
Authors: Utami Tri
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji relevansi nilai dari asset dengan menggunakan kebermanfaatan asset operasi dalam memprediksi return saham. Sejalan dengan penggunaan adaptasi asset operasi, maka penelitian ini juga akan menguji kandungan informasi yang ada dalam laba operasi. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini mengambil data dari perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI selama periode 2010-2020. Analisis Regresi Berganda dan Cluster Robust by year digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asset operasi berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap return saham. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa asset mampu beradaptasi dalam memberikan informasi ke pasar.
Impact of natural charcoal blocks on the solar still output
Authors: Sadoun Ali , Khechekhouche Abderrahmane , Kemerchou Imad , Ghodbane Mokhtar , Souyei Belgacem
Published: April 2022

Solar energy is an abundant energy in the earth globe. Solar distillation is one of the techniques that uses this energy to obtain portable water from ground or salt water. The purpose of our experimental study is to show that the blocks of natural carbon, that is to say the remains of a fire, can serve as an element for improving the performance of a solar still. For this, two similar solar stills were used, one is taken as reference SSR and the other modified still SSM contains carbon block. The results show that there is an improvement rate of 8%.
Ahlaki Çözülmenin Etik Olmayan Örgüt Yararına Davranış Üzerindeki Etkisi: Demografik Faktörlerin Düzenleyici Rolü
Authors: MUMCU Ahmet
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı ahlaki çözülmenin etik olmayan örgüt yararına davranış üzerindeki etkisinde demografik faktörlerin düzenleyici rolünü tespit etmektir. Araştırma verileri 111 banka personelinden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek amacıyla SPSS Process Macro uygulaması kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre ahlaki çözülmenin etik olmayan örgüt yararına davranış üzerinde pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Demografik değişkenlerin düzenleyci rolüne ilişkin yapılan istatiksel analizler neticesinde ahlaki çözülme ve etik olmayan örgüt yararına davranış arasındaki ilişkide medeni durumun düzenleyici bir role sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, iş pozisyonu, çalışma süresi ve sektörel durumun araştırma değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyci bir rolü olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları neticesinde uygulayacılara ve araştırmacılara yönelik çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Akademisyenlerin E-Eğitim Sistemlerine Yönelik Tutumlarını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: AKMERMER Bilgen , AYYILDIZ Hasan
Published: April 2022

2019 yılı Aralık ayı başlarında Çin’de ortaya çıkan ve küresel çapta yayılan Covid-19 pandemisi birçok sosyal ve ekonomik sektörlerde olduğu gibi eğitim sektöründe de acil bir değişim sürecinin yaşanmasına neden olmuştur. Yüz yüze eğitim faaliyetlerine ara vermek zorunda kalan tüm eğitim kurumları gibi üniversiteler de e-eğitim sistemi ile uzaktan eğitim modeline geçmek zorunda kalmıştır. Bu zorunlu süreç üniversitelerde e-eğitim sistemlerinin başarıyla yürütülebilmesi için gerekli araştırma ve geliştirme çalışmalarına yönelik ihtiyacı da ortaya koymuştur. Bu anlamda, e-eğitim sistemlerinin başarıyla yürütülebilmesi ve eğitim hizmetlerinin beklenen kalite ve içerikte sunulabilmesi için gerekli teknolojik altyapının kurulmasının yanında, eğitim sürecini yürüten öğretim üyelerinin yaklaşımlarını anlamak ve sisteme yönelik tutumlarını incelemek de sistemin yürütülebilmesi için önem arz etmektedir. Dolayısıyla, bu araştırma e-eğitim sistemlerini aktif olarak kullanan öğretim üyelerinin sistemin kullanımına yönelik gösterdikleri tutum üzerinde etkili olabilecek faktörleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM) çerçevesinde yürütülmüş, temel model sistemsel, kişisel, mesleki ve kurumsal düzeyde çok yönlü bir bakış açısı sunan farklı faktörler ile genişletilmiştir. Anket deseninde hazırlanan çalışma, bünyesinde bulunan Uzaktan Eğitim ve Uygulama Merkezi ile uzun yıllar tecrübe kazanan Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi’nde görev alan 274 öğretim üyesi ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın hem gelecekte e-eğitim hizmetleri üzerine yapılacak benzer çalışmalara referans olması hem de üniversitelerdeki e-eğitim verimliliğinin arttırılması konusunda değerlendirilebilir sonuçlara sahip olması beklenmektedir.
Döviz Piyasası Baskı Endeksi ve Dolarizasyon Arasındaki İlişki: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: KONAT Gökhan , TAŞ Şebnem , BAYAT Tayfur
Published: April 2022

Ulusal para birimi üzerindeki herhangi bir uzun süreli baskı durumu, özellikle dış şoklara eğilimli gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomileri için ciddi sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Herhangi bir kriz durumundan kaçınabilmek için bu tür baskıların zamanlamasını ve yoğunluğunu bilmek önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda literatürde özellikle yönetilen dalgalı döviz kuru sistemini takip eden ekonomilerde ulusal para birimi üzerindeki baskıların seviyesini doğru bir şekilde tespit edebilmek amacıyla döviz kurlarındaki, döviz rezervlerindeki ve/veya faiz oranlarındaki değişikliklerin ağırlıklı toplamı ile ölçülen döviz piyasası baskı endeksi kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise Türkiye ekonomisinde 2005:12-2021:5 döneminde olası bir döviz krizinin işaretini veren döviz piyasası baskı endeksi ile yabancı paranın hem ödeme aracı hem de değer saklama aracı şeklinde yoğun kullanımı olarak ifade edilen dolarizasyon arasındaki ilişki fourier alanda ile incelenmektedir. Dolarizasyon değişkeni için döviz tevdiat hesaplarının M2 para arzına oranı esas alınmakta, döviz piyasası baskı endeksi için ise literatürde yer alan çalışmalara paralel olarak nominal döviz kuru (Amerikan Doları/Türk Lirası) ve TCMB brüt döviz rezervlerindeki (Milyon Amerikan Doları) değişimin ağırlıklandırılmış toplamı kullanılmaktadır. Söz konusu değişkenlere ait aylık veriler Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası resmi veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Ampirik analizler neticesinde döviz piyasası baskı endeksi ile dolarizasyon arasında birbirini besleyen bir süreç olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Knowledge Transfer in People-Centered Dam-Related Disaster Program in Cameron Highlands
Authors: Rahsidi Sabri Muda  , Mohamad Faiq Md Amin  , Ainul Bahiah Mohd Khidzir  , Izawati Tukiman  , Mohd. Ramzi Mohd. Hussain
Published: April 2022

The inabilities to face natural hazard leads to the additional economic and infrastructure loss towards people living in high-risk areas such as low-lying areas leading to flooding events. People-centered knowledge transfer program approaches are the first response that is best in establishing a community that is capable and resilient to protect themselves. Sultan Abu Bakar Hydroelectric Dam is a megastructure under Cameron Highlands Batang Padang Hydroelectric Scheme. The dam is located at Ringlet-Bertam Valley Road with a man-made lake on the upstream of the dam called Ringlet Reservoir. The downstream communities along Bertam River consist of a few Orang Asli settlements which particularly vulnerable to flood as some of the houses, structures and farms apparently are within the river reserves or dangerously close to the dam; located within the movement of water flow if released from the dam. The aim of the program is to ensure that the directly affected communities are fully aware and prepare for any untoward incidents in their area, especially related to the failures of dam operations through identifying the lives and livelihood of the communities. This includes preparing community awareness by educating the affected community as a disaster-resilient community through capability formation and capacity building human resources, such as disaster school awareness programs, community awareness programs, and drill exercises. This study revealed that knowledge transfer through people-centered links to human interaction and support from authorities such as village head/representatives were shown to be effective in enabling the community to lessen the negative effects of disasters with the assistance of technological approaches; siren and drills. These calls for the stressing of local authority and implementation partners focused on addressing these underlying causes, as well as the involvement of all stakeholders in scaling the effective coping strategies in order to build resilience within this affected community.
Future Direction of Microalgae Biodiesel in Indonesia
Authors: Ibham Veza  , Mohd Farid Muhamad Said  , Mohd Azman Abas  , Zulkarnain Abdul Latiff  , Mohd Rozi Mohd Perang  , Djati Wibowo Djamari
Published: April 2022

Microalgae has a greater potential to be used as biodiesel feedstock compared to vegetable oils. Biodiesel derived from microalgae produce more quantity of oil, consume less space, and could be grown on unsuited land for agriculture. Sunlight is essential to produce microalgae biodiesel. Microalgae production is largely dependent on light levels that are affected by day-to-day and seasonal variations. Indonesia, with its tropical climate and abundant sunlight throughout the year is very suitable for microalgae life. Yet, the development of microalgae biodiesel in Indonesia has not reached significant milestones. This review article aims to discuss future direction of algae biodiesel in Indonesia. A number of microalgae strain found in Indonesia is highlighted. Several challenges in the study of microalgae is also presented. Lastly, this article points out to the need of research on the direct application of microalgae in internal combustion engines.
The Effects of Oil Palm Plantation on Fish Composition in Selangor Peatlands, Malaysia
Authors: Siti Noor Fitriah Azizan  , Minh Nhat Huynh  , Rory Padfield  , Stephanie Evers  , Kosuke Noborio  , Hirofumi Hara
Published: April 2022

The cultivation of oil palm on peat swamps in Malaysia has changed the water quality and aquatic ecosystems. We determined the fish species composition and water quality conditions at a disturbed peat swamp, i.e., oil palm plantation, in Kuala Langat peat swamp reserve forest, Selangor. Fishes were collected via gill net in five selected drains during dry and wet seasons between August 2014 and January 2015. In-situ (electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, turbidity and temperature) and ex-situ (dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) physicochemical parameters of water quality were measured bimonthly. The length-weight relationship (LWR) of fish related to seasonal and spatial variation was also examined. A total of 336 individuals belonging to five families of fish were found with Trichopodus trichopterus and Anabas testudineus were the two abundant species. The DOC ranges at drainage with established palm trees area (i.e., 15-yo(A) 1stG, 3-yo 2ndG, and 9-yo 2ndG) was much greater than at cleared-felled (CF 2ndG) suggested that these plantation areas have carbon leaching due to high supply of labile leaf litter produced by palm trees. The observed EC and temperature were 5% higher in the dry season compared to the wet season. The A. testudineus showed highly adaption with high DOC levels particularly in 15-yo 1stG, and 9-yo 2ndG drains during the wet season. The LWR showed that A. testudineus was in a desirable growth rate and demonstrated they were doing better compared to T. trichopterus in the oil palm plantation system.
The Risk Priority Number (RPN) At A Level Crossings Along The Railway Line In Indonesia
Authors: Franka Hendra Sukma  , Roslina Mohammad  , Astuty Amrin
Published: April 2022

Indonesia has 7,464 km of railway lines along with the islands of Sumatra and Java. There are 5,239 level crossings along the railway line spread over 9 Operational Areas (Daop) and 4 Operations Divisions (Divre). According to data from the Directorate General of Indonesian Railways, throughout 2020, there have been 456 accidents at official and unofficial level crossings. Furthermore, according to statistical data, the number of accidents continues to increase every year. This study performs a risk assessment based on potential causes based on the frequency of occurrence, severity, and detection level. The method used is Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to conduct a risk assessment by identifying potential causes based on the probability of occurrence, assessing the level of impact caused, the frequency of accidents, and the ability to detect accidents on a scale of 1 to 5, which will then be calculated as Risk Priority. Number (RPN). Initial results were obtained. The results are that nine factors that cause accidents at level crossings have been identified, and 16 types of failures have been obtained from these factors. Level crossings that do not have doorstops are a potential cause with a risk priority number (RPN) of 80. The absence of guards contributes to the high severity of accidents. Based on observations, level crossings that do not have gates are dominated by unofficial level crossings. The second factor that must be an essential concern is the driver's behavior when passing at level crossings. The driver factor is very difficult to detect because it is necessary to disseminate information about maintaining safety at level crossings.
Coloring Ancient Egyptian Paintings with Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Yostina Ibrahim  , Ahmed Madani  , Mohamed Waleed Fahkr
Published: April 2022

The aim of colorizing gray-scale images is to turn a gray-scale image into a real-looking color image, which is still a difficult task. In this paper, we present a new fully automated colorization technique to assign realistic color images with high levels of textured details, with fewer time and storage requirements than the most recent techniques. Our presented model is designed as a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network with a generator and discriminator to colorize Ancient Egyptian Paintings. Our model is trained using a novel dataset that is aggregated from Ancient Egyptian Paintings and contains more than 1000 images. Our model and traditional deep neural networks are assessed using Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity (SSIM), and Mean Square Error (MSE). The outcomes demonstrate the presented technique's ability to colorize images realistically and naturally while attaining state-of-the-art results.
Improvement of Environmentally-Friendly Alkyd Composite Coating with Graphene Oxide
Authors: THANH Nguyen Trung
Published: April 2022

In this article, environmentally-friendly alkyd coatings with different graphene oxide (GO) content of 0-1.5 weight percent (wt. %) were prepared for improving mechanical properties, corrosion protection and thermal oxidation resistance of coatings. GO in the coating was characterized by FT-IR. The corrosion resistance of environmentally- friendly alkyd coatings containing GO was investigated by salt fog testing. Effects of GO content on adhesion, flexural strength, relative hardness and thermal oxidation stability of alkyd coatings with and without GO were also examined. GO with the content of 1.2 wt. % significantly improved mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, thermal oxidation resistance of environmentally-friendly alkyd coatings.
An Updated Ephemeris for K2-138 d
Authors: Boyle Andrew , Christiansen Jessie L. , Vissapragada Shreyas , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin K.
Published: April 2022

K2-138 d (EPIC 245950175 d) is one of five planets in a chain of 3:2 mean motion resonances discovered by Christiansen et al. in K2 Campaign 12. An additional planet, confirmed with the Spitzer Space Telescope by Hardegree-Ullman et al., is not in the resonant chain. The near first-order resonances, coupled with the planets being locked in a set of three-body Laplace resonances, make this system a unique target to study for transit timing variations (TTVs). As the predicted transit timing amplitude (∼7 minutes) was below the typical transit timing uncertainty (∼10 minutes) of the K2 data, Christiansen et al. were unable to detect TTVs for K2-138 d in the K2 time series. Here, we describe new observations that allow us to refine the ephemeris for K2-138 d and perform a brief search for TTVs. Our efforts result in a refined orbital period that is 19 times more precise than previously available measurements, but our data are insufficient to confirm a TTV signal for K2-138 d.
Visible and Infrared Spectroscopy of the Planetary Nebula M4-18
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Subasavage John P. , Mauerhan Jon C.
Published: April 2022

0.47–2.45 μm spectroscopy is reported for the compact planetary nebula Minkowski 4-18 (PK146+07), filling some spectral gaps and presenting uniform and simultaneous observation of this entire spectral range. While the strongest features are the H i lines, the most prevalent are those of carbon, principally of C ii, commensurate with the carbon rich, Wolf–Rayet nature of the exciting star.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Various Fractions of Heterotrigona itama Propolis Found in Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Kustiawan Paula Mariana , Aziz Abdul , Yuliawan Veggy Nadia
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: In the current pandemic era, people are trying to find additional income, such as stingless bee cultivation. Especially bee species of Heterotrigona itama, because the selling value of stingless bee honey for maintaining health is quite high. However, the potential of other bee products such as propolis is still underutilized.

AIM: In this study, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of propolis from various fractions were investigated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: H. itama propolis was extracted with 96% ethanol to obtain ethanol extract propolis (EEP). Then, it was used for liquid-liquid partition with different polarities (n-hexane and ethyl acetate) to obtain the n-hexane fraction (HF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF). These fractions were tested for antioxidants using the DPPH method and antibacterial against bacteria Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli using the agar well diffusion method. Vitamin C was used as a positive control in the antioxidant assay and Thiampenicol was used in the bacterial assay.

RESULTS: The EAF had better antioxidant activity (IC50 128.46 ug/mL) than the ethanol extract (IC50 205.86 ug/mL) and n-HF (IC50 350.01 g/mL). Antibacterial activity of EEP at 200 ug/mL against P. acne was 6 ± 1.5 mm, which was categorized as medium inhibition, while the other fractions were classified as weak.

CONCLUSION: EAF had the highest antioxidant activity, meanwhile EEP is the most potent on antibacterial activity. The results obtained are influenced by the environment, where the sample is taken, which is less varied in plant sources and the time of sample collection.
Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for Malignant Rectal Lesion: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Elbarmelgi Mohamed Yehia , Basiouny Haitham , Khalifa Ahmed
Published: April 2022

AIMS: The main outcome of this study was to use the transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) technique for rectal cancer resection and to assess as a primary endpoint the short-term oncological outcome; in terms of circumferential resection margin, longitudinal resection margins (proximally and distally), and lymph nodes (LN) retrieval, while secondary endpoints were operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, cost per case, and overall complication rate.

METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. Forty patients were included and subjected to TaTME from May 2018 to January 2020 and patients were followed up for a period of 6 months.

RESULTS: Primary endpoint: Depending on the post-operative specimen pathological assessment; circumferential resection margin (CRM) was free in all patients, proximal resection margins had a mean 14.37 2.87 cm, distal resection margins had a mean 2.08 ± 0.4 cm and LNs retrieval had a mean 13.27 ± 5.9, and number of positive LNs had a mean 2.40 ± 3.77. Secondary endpoints: Mean total operative time (from induction of anesthesia till skin closure) was 179.10, estimated blood loss (using gauze visual analog plus what was obtained in the OR suction device) was 133.67 66.59 ml, the length of hospital stay (admission till discharge) was 5.27 ± 1.08 days, cost per case had a mean (in 1000 USD) 2.95 ± 0.12, and overall complication rate was 10%.

CONCLUSION: TaTME represents a promising complementary technique to laparoscopic TME in the step of low rectal dissection.
An Immunohistochemical Assessment of Ki-67 and P53 Over-expression in Helicobacter pylori-positive Gastritis
Authors: Tawfeeq Karam Turath , Hamdi Elaf Abdulwahhab , Al-Azzo Nadwa Subhi
Published: April 2022

AIM: Helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach is a common disease and the resulting changes from it are many and deserve to be in the focus of researchers’ attention, to assess the expression of mutant P53 protein and Ki-67 markers in patients with gastritis secondary to H. pylori.

METHODS: Thirty samples with positive H. pylori gastritis were included in a retrospective study in Mosul/Iraq. The histological parameters were assessed using the Sydney system, then, the expression of Ki-67 and P53 expression was studied by immunohistochemical methods. The significance level was appointed at (0.05).

RESULTS: Ki-67 and P53 expression were found in 83.3% of the total cases. The study results show that 92% of positive Ki-67 and P53 cases had chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, polymorph nuclear cells infiltration, and atrophy. Whereas 96% of positive Ki-67 cases had no metaplasia, 92% of the positive P53 cases had no metaplasia. The results also showed that only 16% of the positive Ki-67 cases had dysplastic changes, and 24% of the positive cases of P53 cases were showed dysplasia. whenever P53 was negative; there is neither metaplasia nor dysplasia in the tissue, this does not apply to Ki-67 negative cases.

CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 and P53 expressions increase with chronicity of Helicobacter pylori-positive gastritis. P53 expression is amplified when atrophy is present in these samples.
Fecal Calprotectin in Children Can Differentiate Between Different Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Rashed Yasser
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Calprotectin is a 36 kDa member of the S100 family of proteins. It is derived predominantly from neutrophils and has direct antimicrobial effects and a role within the innate immune response. Calprotectin is found in various body fluids in proportion to the degree of any existing inflammation and its concentration in feces is about 6 times that of plasma. Measurement of fecal calprotectin is a useful surrogate marker of gastrointestinal inflammation. It has a high negative predictive value in ruling out inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in undiagnosed, symptomatic patients and high sensitivity for diagnosing the disease making it useful as a tool for prioritizing endoscopy. In patients with known IBD, fecal calprotectin can be a useful tool to assist management, providing evidence of relapse or mucosal healing to enable therapy to be intensified or reduced.

AIM: The present study aimed to discuss the use of calprotectin for the diagnosis of IBD and some of the other ways in which the test may be useful in the management of gastroenterology patients.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study on children with significant gastrointestinal diseases attending to pediatric department at Menoufia University, with a total number of 180 patients in addition to 30 normal children as control according to sample size calculation. The children are allocated into seven groups according to the final diagnosis to Group (1): 30 patients with IBD, Group (2): 20 patients with eosinophilic colitis, Group (3): 30 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, Group (4): 40 patients with functional constipation, Group (5): 30 patients with cow milk allergy, Group (6): 30 patients with Celiac disease, and Group (7): 30 normal children as control.

RESULTS: In cow milk protein allergic patients with marked GI presentation in the form of bloody diarrhea and/or abdominal distension, the mean fecal calprotectin (FC) was 1260 ± 625 μg/g. FC has decreased after 2−4 weeks of elimination of cow milk products to 420 ± 190 μg/g. Patient with inflammatory bowel disease had mean FC 4640 ± 850 μg/g, decreased after medical treatment and resolution of symptoms to 1360 ± 520 μg/g. In H. pylori infection detected by upper GI endoscopy and histopathology with positive stool antigen the mean FC was 78.9 ± 25.1 μg/g. Celiac disease patients had mean fecal calprotectin 456 ± 123 μg/g. Eosinophilic esophagitis had mean fecal calprotectin 4.2 ± 2.9 μg/g. Functional constipation patients had mean fecal calprotectin 23.6 ± 21.8 μg/g. Normal control children had mean fecal calprotectin 4.1 ± 6.9 μg/g.

CONCLUSION: According to the results of previous studies, fecal calprotectin can be considered as a biomarker to differentiate between IBS and organic gastrointestinal disorders. However, due to the limitations of pre-analysis, a low fecal calprotectin concentration may not necessarily be considered as the reason for the absence of IBD.
Knowledge about Anemia in Pregnancy among Females Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Sattam Zahraa , Hassan Samia , Majeed Bushra , Al-Attar Zaid
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: In pregnancy, several physiological changes occur that lead to decrease in the level of hemoglobin. Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health concern in underdeveloped nations, with a high rate of morbidity and death among pregnant women. Inadequate prenatal care, a lack of information about the nutritional requirements of pregnant women, and general low socioeconomic circumstances all contribute to these high rates of morbidity and death. As pregnant women’s and husbands’ education levels increased, the frequency and severity of anemia decreased in the investigated community of pregnant women.

AIM: This study aims to find out the level of knowledge about anemia in pregnancy among adult females attending primary health care centers (PHCCs) and to find out if there is any association between sociodemographic characteristics of adult females and knowledge about anemia in pregnancy.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study with analytic component conducted in four PHCCs in Al-Adhamiya Health District during a period of 4 months from December 1, 2020, to April 1, 2021. It included 400 females aged between 18 and 45 years attending the selected PHCCs for any complaint. The data had been collected through the distribution of well-designed questionnaire including two parts: Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge parts.

RESULTS: In this study, overall knowledge score of the participants about anemia in pregnancy showed that 60% had fair knowledge. There were statistically significant associations between knowledge score and age of females, marital status, educational level, occupation, and parity.

CONCLUSION: The majority of Iraqi adult females have fair and acceptable levels of knowledge about anemia in pregnancy. Younger age, being single, low educational level, unemployed, and low parity were associated with worst level of knowledge.
Effect of Preheating and Vibration on Microhardness and Microleakage of Microhybrid Resin Composite (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Nabil Mohammed , Elezz A. F. Abo , Safy R. K.
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Preheating and sonic vibration are two methods for the treatment of microhybrid resin composites that may effect on their mechanical and physical properties.

AIM: This study was conducted to assess the effect of using preheating and sonic vibration on microhardness and microleakage of microhybrid resin composite

METHODS AND MATERIALS: For microhardness test, a total of 30 samples of resin composite discs were prepared. Samples were divided into three groups according to the method of treatment of resin composite, controlled group (T0), preheated group (T1), and sonic vibration group (T2). Surface microhardness values were evaluated at baseline and after thermocycling. For microleakage test, a total of 30 Class-V cavities were prepared on the labial surfaces of extracted human anterior teeth. The cavities were then divided into three groups according to the method of resin composite treatment as mentioned before in the microhardness test. All samples were sectioned; then two-dimensional cross-sectional images from each sample. Each cross-sectional image was analyzed using Image J software to quantify interfacial microleakage at the cavity floor.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Two-way ANOVA analysis was used to test the effects of thermocycling on three groups of each test. One-way ANOVA was used to compare between three different methods of resin composite treatment.

RESULTS: For microhardness at baseline revealed that the highest mean value was recorded for the control group, followed by the sonic vibration group meanwhile, the lowest mean value was recorded for the sonic vibration group, followed by preheated group at microleakage test.

CONCLUSION: Preheating and sonic vibration of microhybrid resin composite does not improve its microhardness; however, sonic vibration provides better marginal adaptation than the preheating and the conventional methods.
Genetic Variation of the CYP2C9 Genetic of Minangkabau as a Predictor of Side Effect Providing Indications of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: Katar Yusticia , Usman Elly , Aliska Gestina
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) activity showed a varied response based on the genetic polymorphism of the CYP29C enzyme. Metabolism of some NSAIDs such as celecoxib, diclofenac, and ibuprofen is highly dependent on CYP2C9. This enzyme has several variants of the heterozygous and homozygous genotypes such as CYP2C9 *2/2 and CYP2C9 *1/*3 which differ for each population. Genetic testing for specific variations of this allele will help determine whether the drug is a valid pharmacotherapeutic option for the patient or not.

AIM: This study aims to analyze the genetic variation of the CYP2C9 gene from the Minangkabau ethnic, West Sumatra, Indonesia, which can later be used as a determinant of selecting the right NSAID with optimal effectiveness and to minimalize side effects.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Respondents of this study were users of NSAID drugs obtained from several hospitals in Padang City and were of Minang ethnicity. Blood samples taken from patients were stored in EDTA tubes and DNA was isolated using a genomic DNA isolation kit, DNAzol® Genomic DNA Kits (Thermofischer Scientific). PCR primer and sequencing were designed using Primer Blast (NCBI) software. The synthesized primer was purified by HPLC. DNA fragment application was carried out using the PCR method. The amplicon DNA was purified and prepared as much as 500 ng for sequencing using Illumina’s Next Generation Sequencing method. This analysis was performed with the help of SPSS software.

RESULTS: When analyzing the CYP2C9 gene on Primer F23, 44 people were found to be homozygous for the normal allele (AA genotype), and 11 people were heterozygous (GT genotype), 45 people were normal allele (TT genotype), five people were heterozygous (CG genotype), 49 people were normal allele (AA genotype), and five people were heterozygous (GA genotype).

CONCLUSION: This study concluded that relationship between CYP29C genetic variation and NSAID drug metabolism is found at the genotypic frequency rs229837 and rs1934969.
Le lobbying ou l’emballage vertueux des marchandises
Authors: Cloteau Armèle
Published: April 2022

Cet article cherche à saisir comment les pratiques de représentation d’intérêts transforment les propriétés des activités d’une firme et de ses marchandises, en faisant advenir une valeur – tantôt commerciale, « sociétale » ou environnementale – utile aux échanges institutionnels et ajustée aux normes du marché où celles-ci seront commercialisées. Au croisement de logiques économiques et de la structuration d’une politique publique, ce travail de requalification des intérêts marchands est étudié à travers le cas des campagnes de lobbying d’une firme leader mondiale de l’agroalimentaire en réponse aux réglementations européennes promouvant les agrocarburants, pendant les décennies 2000-2010. Sans changement majeur du modèle productiviste, notre analyse montre comment les professionnel·le·s de la représentation d’intérêts contribuent à positionner les firmes comme partenaires vertueuses des régulateurs en incorporant les dimensions, notamment environnementales, au nom desquelles elles sont, pourtant, critiquées.
La liturgie et la catéchèse patristiques comme passage du visible à l’invisible
Authors: Vopřada David
Published: April 2022

Deux Pères de l’Église du quatrième siècle, Cyrille de Jérusalem et Ambroise de Milan, usant de la méthode mystagogique, conduisent le fidèle du texte littéral aux données invisibles qui y sont cachées. Ils font passer du visible à la saisie de l'invisible, c'est-à-dire du mystère du Christ.
D’une révélation qui serait juive
Authors: Arbib Dan
Published: April 2022

Quant à la Révélation, la différence entre judaïsme et christianisme reste fondamentale : le christianisme revient toujours à l’Événement de la révélation, par-delà les textes qui en sont les dépôts ou les retombées, toujours à transcender en direction de l’Événement, c'est-à-dire vers le Christ. Le judaïsme n’appelle de son côté aucun mouvement de dépassement du texte vers l’événement de la donation, et de la donation vers le donateur : il s’en tient au don donné. La Loi et son interprétation infinie constituent le lieu de la Révélation, sans manifestation (hypostatique) sinon sa mise en oeuvre par le juif fidèle.
Le vocabulaire des apparitions du Christ ressuscité
Authors: Quesnel Michel
Published: April 2022

L’examen des formes grecques du Nouveau Testament comme de la Septante montre que, dès la tradition chrétienne la plus ancienne, s’y inscrit la possibilité de considérer Jésus comme Dieu. La Septante utilise le même verbe pour décrire les occasions au cours desquelles Dieu lui-même se fit voir. Néanmoins, dans le Nouveau Testament, le passage par des témoins impliqués reste nécessaire.
En Ukraine et en Russie, le temps de la guerre. Introduction
Authors: Bujon Anne-Lorraine , Mendras Marie
Published: April 2022

La guerre en Ukraine est une agression violente, conduite par une association de malfaiteurs sur la base d’un mensonge d’État. Cette confiscation du passé est aussi, pour les Russes, une usurpation de leur avenir. Mais il existe en Russie un travail critique clandestin qui rétablit patiemment la vérité des expériences.
Le malaise de la société russe
Authors: Kolesnikov Andreï , Bujon Anne-Lorraine , Mendras Marie , Tuil Benjamin
Published: April 2022

Selon le journaliste russe, Poutine est parvenu à donner l’impression qu’il rendait à la Russie sa grandeur, mais c’est surtout parce qu’il a écrasé toute opposition. La critique, qui ne peut être que clandestine en Russie, pourrait s’exprimer publiquement contre la guerre.
Les identiaires, acteurs de l’émergence des idées radicales
Authors: Jacquet-Vaillant Marion
Published: April 2022

Pour certains, les identitaires sont des « influenceurs » de l’extrême droite et de la droite – assertion que défendent les militants eux-mêmes. Mais est-ce vraiment le cas ? Les identitaires diffusent-ils leurs idées et, le cas échéant, comment y parviennent-ils ? Des tribunes des identitaires à l’aube des années 2010 au débat Zemmour-Mélenchon de 2021, l’analyse de la circulation du terme « remigration » permet d’identifier les mécanismes, endogènes, exogènes et d’opposition, qui assurent la diffusion des idées radicales. Phénomène processuel, la diffusion d’un terme ne peut se comprendre qu’au gré de ses appropriations successives : ce n’est que parce qu’elles trouvent des relais de plus en plus importants que les idées identitaires émergent dans la sphère publique.
Police et racisme
Authors: Jobard Fabien
Published: April 2022

À intervalles réguliers, la police nationale fait face, en France, à des accusations lourdes de racisme. Nous soumettons ici l’hypothèse formulée par l’historien Emmanuel Blanchard de « colonialité » aux connaissances tirées de l’histoire contemporaine de l’institution policière et des mutations de la société française, d’un côté, et à des observations recueillies sur le terrain, de l’autre. La question qui s’impose alors, et à laquelle l’article tente de répondre, consiste à savoir dans quelle mesure la police peut, en France, se délivrer du poids trop lourd de sa propre histoire.
Racisme « anti-asiatique », ou le dénigrement d’une minorité
Authors: Chuang Ya-Han
Published: April 2022

Les origines et les mutations du racisme dit anti-asiatique sont ici analysées à travers une approche multi-échelle qui articule l’influence géopolitique, les structures économiques et le processus de racialisation. À partir d’une description des représentations des Asiatiques forgées pendant l’époque coloniale, cet article décrypte l’évolution de tels stéréotypes des années 1970 à nos jours, puis l’émergence des mobilisations de jeunes Franco-Asiatiques, qui invitent à un désenclavement du répertoire culturel national.
Racismes, antiracismes : reconstruire l’universalisme
Authors: Lochak Danièle
Published: April 2022

Naguère encore paré de toutes les vertus, l’universalisme se trouve placé, en ce début des années 2020, au cœur de polémiques qui se focalisent en particulier sur les moyens de combattre le racisme. Dans une perspective classique, la meilleure façon de lutter contre le racisme, c’est d’ignorer les origines et les appartenances. Or ce postulat a montré ses limites. Il ne s’agit pas pour autant de sacrifier le project universaliste en entérinant une forme d’essentialisation des appartenances « raciales ». Simplement, il faut poser l’universalisme non comme un point de départ mais comme un objectif à atteindre. L’universalisme est à reconstruire, et il ne peut l’être que sur la base de l’acceptation des différences, non de leur effacement ou de leur négation.