bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Method in religious studies
Authors: Durden Alexander
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses the usage of the Comparative Method in religious studies. The Comparative Method is employed in academic study by many different disciplines, such as the natural sciences of physics and biology, to name but a few. However, the effectiveness of the Comparative Method has been debated in the discipline of religious studies. The main criticism is that the Comparative Method is only interested in similarities and either ignores or downplays differences. For this reason, critics such as J Z Smith have argued that the usage of the Comparative Method should be revised in religious studies. Scholars, such as Smith, have argued that differences, as well as similarities, ought to be considered. Nevertheless, this paper will present the argument that that the objections to the Comparative Method are based on misunderstandings. Firstly, it will be put forward that seeking differences does not provide a methodological advantage. The discipline of religious studies aims to study religion scientifically. This can only be accomplished via generalisation and in turn, by seeking similarities. If differences are considered, in addition to similarities, generalisation becomes difficult, if not impossible, in the discipline of religious studies. Secondly, it will be explained that only seeking similarities does not necessitate the denial of differences. The paper will discuss most traditional users of the Comparative Method are concerned with similar human needs, rather than the similarity of religions; therefore most traditional users of the Comparative Method have no issue accepting differences. Additionally, generalisations made by the Comparative Method can be revised if they fail. The paper concludes that the objections to the Comparative Method are unjustified.
Emotionale Überforderung als Ursache für herausforderndes Verhalten im Schulalltag
Authors: Tschopp Cécile , Hentrich Janine
Published: December 2023

Herausforderndes Verhalten von Kindern, insbesondere mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen, kann missverstanden werden, wenn der emotionale Entwicklungsstand nebst dem biologischen Lebensalter und dem kognitiven Referenzalter zu wenig beachtet wird. Besteht jedoch ein Bewusstsein für eine mögliche Diskrepanz zwischen der kognitiven und der emotionalen Entwicklung und ist der emotionale Entwicklungsstand des betroffenen Kindes bekannt, können sich Lehrpersonen entsprechend verhalten und dadurch die emotionale Überforderung beim Kind reduzieren. Dies wiederum kann zu einer Reduktion von herausforderndem Verhalten beim Kind führen. In diesem Beitrag diskutieren wir die Rolle der emotionalen Entwicklung im Zusammenhang mit herausforderndem Verhalten und wie sie erfasst werden kann.
Emotionscoaching für eine gesunde sozio-emotionale Entwicklung
Authors: Burkhardt Susan C. A.
Published: December 2023

Emotionale Kompetenzen sind wichtig für eine gesunde Entwicklung. Eine konstruktive Herangehensweise, um mit Emotionen umzugehen, ist das Emotionscoaching. Das Emotionscoaching nach Gottman ist Kern des australischen Elternprogramms «Tuning in to Kids» (TIK). Kernziel von TIK ist es, den Eltern Metaemotionen bewusst zu machen. Im Beitrag werden die fünf Schritte des Emotionscoachings erläutert. Nebst den Rahmenbedingungen wird auf die Evaluation und die Weiterentwicklung von TIK eingegangen.
Künstliche Intelligenz und menschliche Emotionen
Authors: Schmid-Meier Christa
Published: December 2023

In den letzten Jahren hat die Entwicklung von Anwendungen und Technologien, die auf Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) basieren, grosse Fortschritte gemacht. Während KI viele Möglichkeiten und Vorteile bietet, gibt es auch Bedenken hinsichtlich ihres missbräuchlichen Einsatzes. Immer mehr KI-Programme sind so programmiert, dass sie die Emotionen der Anwender:innen lesen und verwenden können. Daher ist es unabdingbar, dass sich Menschen beim Gebrauch solcher Anwendungen bewusst sind, dass sie auf emotionaler Ebene manipuliert werden können. Welche Bedeutung diese Entwicklungen für die Heilpädagogik haben können, wird in diesem Beitrag aufgezeigt.
Herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen von Erwachsenen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen erfordern Anpassungen
Authors: Zambrino Natalie , Büschi Eva , Calabrese Stefania
Published: December 2023

In Institutionen des Behindertenbereichs treten oft herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen von Erwachsenen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen auf. In diesem Artikel werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse der SNF-Studie «Herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen von Erwachsenen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen in Institutionen des Behindertenbereiches in der Schweiz» präsentiert. Eine schriftliche Befragung von 172 Leitungspersonen dieser Institutionen ergab, dass knapp 60 Prozent in ihrer Institution Anpassungen bedingt durch die herausfordernden Verhaltensweisen dieser Klientel vorgenommen haben. Die meistgenannten Anpassungen waren struktureller Art und mit vergleichsweise hohem Ressourcenaufwand verbunden.
Wer sich engagiert und wer nicht, zeigt sich früh im Leben
Authors: Kleiner Tuuli-Marja , Klärner Andreas , Brensing Jessica
Published: December 2023

Trotz der zugeschriebenen Bedeutung existiert bisher wenig gesichertes Wissen zum Enga- gement junger Menschen in unterschiedlichen Raumtypen. Mittels des Deutschen Freiwil- ligensurveys (2019) wurden daher vergleichende Analysen hinsichtlich der Sozialstruk- tur und Engagementprofile junger Menschen in ländlichen und nicht-ländlichen Räumen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass junge Menschen allgemein stark engagiert sind, besonders in ländlichen Räumen. Allerdings offenbart sich in ländlichen Räumen tendenzi- ell eine geschlechtsstereotype Verteilung des Engagements. Deutliche Unterschiede zeigen sich auch zwischen Bildungsgruppen, in ländlichen Räumen scheint sich dieser Unterschied jedoch durch persönliche Beziehungen und familiäre Vorerfahrungen abzuschwächen. Zusammenfassend scheint es, als würden in ländlichen Räumen engere soziale Netzwerke bestimmten Mechanismen sozialer Ungleichheit entgegenwirken. Gleichzeitig sind traditio- nelle Geschlechterrollen in ländlichen Räumen nach wie vor deutlich ausgeprägt.
Understanding the Harmful Impact of Polymyxins on Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Rangel Karyne , Pavoni Gomes Chagas Thiago , Giovanni De-Simone Salvatore
Published: December 2023

Nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) have become a global concern. The extensive antibiotic resistance of CRAB has significantly limited treatment options, while its prevalence in hospital outbreaks has amplified infection rates. This scenario has led to a resurgence of interest in polymyxins, an older class of antibiotics previously overlooked due to perceived toxicity. Polymyxins, cationic polypeptide antibiotics, now represent a last-resort treatment option. Despite their historical use, modern assessment methods have only recently been applied to evaluate polymyxins. Two polymyxins are available for clinical use: polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E). Notably, the administration of these drugs is hindered by toxicities, primarily nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, alongside less common adverse effects such as injection pain, hypersensitivity reactions, and bronchospasms.
Clinical Features of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Manuel Gutiérrez-Gómez Víctor , Archundia-Jiménez Beatriz , Miguel González-Sánchez Rodrigo , Amado López-Arriaga Jerónimo , X. Pasco-Velázquez Beatriz , Gómez-Flores Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome was first detected in pediatric patients in April 2020, related to COVID-19. The clinical manifestations are very broad and overlap with Kawasaki disease. Various organizations have developed guides with case definitions in order to facilitate diagnosis and epidemiological reporting. In this chapter, we present the clinical manifestations of multisystem inflammatory syndrome, considering the case definition of various organizations and case series reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. We also address multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults in the neonatal period.
Multiple layers of gene-expression regulatory mechanisms during fermentation and respiration
Authors: Hayashi Sachiko
Published: December 2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used as a model organism for eukaryotic cells and generally prefers fermentation rather than respiration even under an aerobic environment. Only when glucose is exhausted, S. cerevisiae switches to aerobic respiration via massive reprogramming of gene expression accompanying that. These gene-expression changes are not simply achieved by the transcriptional level, rather multiple post-transcriptional regulatory steps are also involved. This chapter outlines how budding yeast cells coordinate energy metabolisms based on gene expression, with a focus on the intricate interplay of multiple post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Especially, it includes the roles of RNA-binding proteins as well as non-coding RNAs for post-transcriptional regulations.
Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels Kv1.3 in Health and Disease
Authors: Teisseyre Andrzej , Środa-Pomianek Kamila , Palko-Labuz Anna , Chmielarz Mateusz
Published: December 2023

Voltage-gated potassium channels Kv1.3 are widely expressed among many cell types, both in the plasma membrane and in the inner mitochondrial membrane (mito Kv1.3 channels). The channel activity plays an important role, among others, in regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of Kv1.3 channel-expressing cells. The channel expression is significantly up-regulated upon activation of lymphocytes, microglia and macrophages. The expression of Kv1.3 channels may be significantly changed (up-regulated or down-regulated) in some cancer disorders. Inhibition of Kv1.3 channels may be beneficial in treatment of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases (e.g. sclerosis multiplex, type I diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis), neuroinflammatory diseases (e.g. ischemic stroke, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer disease), ‘chronic inflammatory diseasesʼ (e.g. renal diseases, pulmonary diseases), severe cases of COVID-19, liver diseases (e.g. acute liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, hepatic fibrosis), metabolic diseases (e.g. obesity, type II diabetes mellitus) and some cancer disorders characterised by an over-expression of Kv1.3 channels (e.g. melanoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), multiple myeloma and B-type chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL)). Many inhibitors of Kv1.3 channels, with distinct molecular structure and chemical properties, may putatively be applied in treatment of the diseases. However, in order to apply the channel inhibitors in medicinal practice, more research studies will have to be performed.
Integrating Invasive Weed Biological Control in Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration Projects
Authors: N. Schad Aaron , E. Harms Nathan , Allen Daniel , L. Dodd Lynde , Hellinghausen Kristina , Kelly Jacob , Nachtrieb Julie , O. Dick Gary
Published: December 2023

A primary goal of many aquatic ecosystem restoration (AER) projects is to alter and improve plant communities by increasing relative abundance of native species while reducing invasive species abundance, establishment, and spread. Biological control or the use of host-specific pathogens, predators, or herbivores from the native range of a target invader, has been used for invasive plant control, but underutilized as part of integrated pest management (IPM) in government-sponsored AER programs. Weed biological control should be vetted and integrated where possible in all project phases—planning, design, implementation, and maintenance. Using a publicly-funded AER framework—U.S. Army Corps of Engineers or USACE—we define and describe biological control, how it can be seamlessly incorporated at various project stages, a list of common invasive plants that have approved biological controls, and regulatory issues surrounding implementation. Our aim is to illustrate to project managers, planners, environmental personnel, and economists how regulatory agency-approved biological control agents can be a valuable component of AER projects to assist in meeting vegetation community restoration trajectory goals.
IOT and IIOT Security for the South African Maritime and Freight Transport Sectors
Authors: Pretorius Barend , van Niekerk Brett
Published: December 2023

The advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has seen a rapid increase in connected smart devices known as the Internet of Things (IoT). While this ‘revolution’ is most noticeable in commercial devices, there has also been an evolution in industrial devices, known as the Industrial Internet of Things. As Africa – and in particular South Africa – is racing to compete in the 4IR, various sectors, including the transport sector, are introducing innovative projects. However, the Internet of Things and the Industrial Internet of Things present cybersecurity risks. Cybersecurity itself is also considered a key component of the 4IR; yet, organisations often neglect to consider the security implications of the Internet of Things. The current research aimed to evaluate and prioritise cyber threats, vulnerabilities, and risk related to the Internet of Things and the Industrial Internet of Things in the South African physical transport sector. This article focuses on the responses to a questionnaire to obtain quantitative data from those with experience in the related fields. The threats and vulnerabilities of concern are illustrated, and the risks are evaluated based on the perceived impact of such risks and the likelihood of the Internet of Things and the Industrial Internet of Things being compromised. While no clear leaders of risk were found, the top three risks based on the perceived severity and likelihood are unavailability of Internet of Things and Industrial Internet of Things devices and/or networks, damage to reputation, and cyberespionage.
Teori Pembelajaran Kognitif dan Penerapannya Pada Buku Ajar Al’arabiyah Linnasyi’in di Ma Al-Huda Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Lahay Mohamad , Ibrahim Rabiatul Adawiyah , Ratni Bt. Hj. Bahri  , Muh. Arif
Published: December 2023

Teori kognitif merupakan kerangka berfikir yang sangat relevan dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Keberadaan teori kognitif mencakup pemerolehan bahasa, pembelajaran bermakna, serta individualisme kognitif menjadi faktor krusial dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran bahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami implementasi teori kognitif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab di MA Al-Huda. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk menguraikan penerapan teori kognitif sehingga dapat membawa perubahan perilaku pada peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran. Melalui penelitian ini, penulis berusaha mengungkap metode-metode yang diterapkan oleh pendidik bahasa Arab di MA Al-Huda, serta fenomena pembelajaran bahasa Arab dengan memanfaatkan teori tersebut, tanpa melakukan intervensi atau perubahan substansial dalam implementasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teori belajar kognitif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab melibatkan refleksi pengalaman, diskusi bebas terbimbing, pengembangan berfikir kritis, penyelesaian masalah, pemaparan ide, dan eksplorasi konsep.
Qira'ah Fi Isykaliyah Al-Alaqah Bayna Al-Adab Bi At-Tarikhiyah
Authors: Maliki Iskandi , Elhatouk Abdellah
Published: December 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة التي نحن بصدد القيام، إلى تحديد طبيعة العلاقة بين علمين أساسيين ومهمين فرضا وجودهما المعرفي والعلمي في الساحة البحثية منذ أن ظهور فعل الكتابة الإنسانية. وهما  التاريخ والأدب. فأي علاقة تربط هذين المفهومين؟  وهل يمكن الفصل بينهما؟ أم أنهما متلازمان لا يمكن الفصل بينهما؟. أم أن  الفصل بينهما نظري فقط؟. تلكم هي الأسئلة التي سنحاول الإجابة عنها من خلال هذا المقال.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat hubungan antara dua ilmu dasar dan penting yang telah memaksakan kehadiran kognitif dan ilmiah mereka di arena penelitian sejak munculnya tindakan tulisan manusia. Keduanya adalah sejarah dan sastra. Apa hubungan antara kedua konsep ini? Bisakah keduanya dipisahkan? Atau apakah keduanya tidak dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain? Atau apakah pemisahan di antara keduanya hanya teoretis saja? Pertanyaan tersebut yang kami coba jawab melalui artikel ini
Risiko Jangka Panjang Dislipidemia Bagi Ibu Hamil dan Terapi Yang Efektif Guna Menjaga Kesehatan Ibu Serta Perkembangan Janin
Authors: Toguria Nadeak Zevania , Syalomita Delika , Puji Apriani Ismi , Puspawati Ira , Febriyanti Mila
Published: December 2023

Kehamilan menyebabkan banyak sekali perubahan yang terjadi, mulai dari perkembangan hormon, gaya pola hidup, serta perubahan asupan gizi baik bagi sang ibu maupun bagi janin. Namun, kebanyakan wanita pada masa ini, kurang bisa beradaptasi dengan gaya pola hidup serta asupan gizi yang diterima sehingga menyebabkan banyak sekali penyakit yang muncul yang tentunya membahayakan bagi ibu serta perkembangan janin. Salah satu contoh penyakit yang sering diderita pada masa kehamilan, salah satunya ialah dislipidemia. Dislipidemia merupakan penyakit yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan metabolisme lipid di dalam tubuh.  Dislipidemia juga sering disebut hiperkolesterol. Penyakit ini tentunya akan berakibat fatal jika pada masa kehamilan sang ibu tidak menjaga asupan gizi.
Study Chinese Teenagers' Character Education from Six Dimensions: Analysis of Survey Data
Authors: Zhang Lingmin
Published: December 2023

Because the formation and development of human character are influenced by family, school, society, network, and peers, this paper studies the influence of these dimensions on youth character education to understand the current situation of youth character education and grasp the dimensions that youth character education should focus on. This paper examines the influence of the six dimensions of family, school, society, network, peer, and self on adolescent character education and the relationship between these six dimensions. This paper's quantitative research method finding: most respondents believed that family education significantly impacted teenagers' personalities, that teenagers attach the most importance to their personality, even more than schools and families, but the Internet attaches little importance to personality education and is most supportive of character education at school and home. This study will expand the dimension of youth quality education and has practical value for strengthening the joint education system.
Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Melalui Penyuluhan Keputihan (Flour Albus) Pada Siswi Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Sintang
Authors: Juliansyah Juliansyah , Zulfani Salma
Published: December 2023

Reproductive health in the early years of changes in the reproductive system during early adolescence, the development of the reproductive system in humans, both men and women for human survival. Lack of information and knowledge about changes in the reproductive system in adolescence creates anxiety and shame because they are different from their peers. The method used to determine the problem, problem solving, alternative problem solving, method of activities in order to solve the problem. Results and discussion of the prevalence of vaginal discharge increased in 2002, 50% of women in Indonesia had experienced vaginal discharge. Then in 2003, 60% of women had experienced vaginal discharge, this is due to the low knowledge of women having vaginal discharge, for reproductive health. The implementation of vaginal discharge counseling is carried out due to the low knowledge of young women regarding reproductive health, as well as the impact that will occur if reproductive health is not considered for the health of young women in the future. The conclusion there is a change in knowledge, attitudes and views of Sintang State Madrasah Aliyah (MAN) students about flour albus to prevent pathological leucorrhoea by changing risky behavior to maintain genital health.
Pelatihan Aplikasi ANSIS (Analisa System) bagi Karyawan Credit Analis Mandala Dalam Pemberian Kredit Motor
Authors: Sarwindah Sarwindah , Marini Marini , Sugihartono Tri , Yurindra Yurindra , Safitri Jesi
Published: December 2023

The development of information technology is very influential for the progress of a business, one of which is in organizations or companies such as finance. Where Mandala is a leasing company engaged in motorcycle credit services for credit applicants and taking advantage of credit interest payments. Mandala is a company that upholds its commitment to provide the best service to consumers and business partners, through optimal services supported by directed, integrated and sustainable human resource management, one of the most important. With the help of computers can make it easier for anyone to carry out various activities effectively and efficiently. Here the team conducts training for credit analysts in Mandala by making applications with the aim of being an alternative for credit analysts to help make decisions faster with the ANSIS application. In other words, knowledge of computers is one of the most important needs in today's era. One of them is in an effort to assist Credit Analysts in consumer decision-making activities in terms of creditworthiness, a computer-based decision support system model is needed that can provide convenience in conducting analysis
Program Peningkatan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Dengan Pendekatan Active And Fun Learning Bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Tri Ananda Herwin , Al Baqi Safiruddin
Published: December 2023

English is a foreign language that is learned at all levels of education. Fun learning methods can make students active in learning and communicating in English. The aim of this program is to improve English skills for elementary students with an active and fun learning approach. This program used experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design, where all 13 students in fifth grade of SD N 1 Grogol are assigned to the experimental class. The implementation of this program consists of three stages, namely pretest, teaching and learning activities (treatment), and posttest. The mean score as the results of the pretest was 52.31 and the posttest was 83.46. The paired sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that there is an effect of using an active and fun learning approach in improving the English skills of fifth grade students at SD N 1 Grogol
Prevention Of Transmitted Diseases Through Training Of Hands Washing With Soap On Student Mi Muhammadiyah Singasari
Authors: Tania Gabriel Ching Cing Marta , Sri Hardini Deisy
Published: December 2023

Clean and healthy living behavior is a form of health promotion effort so that family members to know, want and are able to play an active role in the health movement in society. Not only in adults, this behavior must also be instilled at the age of the child, so that they are accustomed to carrying out clean and healthy living habits for themselves. At school age children, they interact a lot with peers and do play activities as a learning process to develop cognitive, psychomotor and affective. They interact with people and devices that may be exposed to pathogenic bacteria or viruses. Washing hands with soap is one of the simplest activities to prevent transmission of these pathogens. By washing hands with good and correct soap, it is hoped that it can break the spread of viruses that land on / or stick to hands when handling objects before they touch other objects such as food or food. their own nose and mouth. Not only to prevent contagious infections, hygiene and healthy living habits washing hands is also done to prevent children from other diseases
Penyuluhan Pentingnya Etika Bermedia Sosial Bagi Seorang Muslim Guna Mencegah Penyalahgunaan Dalam Bermedia Sosial
Authors: Rosita Putri Ari , Budiani Herta , Khadijah Lala , Nur Aeni Ani
Published: December 2023

The development of technology that is growing rapidly makes information easily spread and accepted. The development of technology which is accompanied by the presence of increasingly varied social media provides changes in social life. This is a digital era where all activities are related to digital. Everything that is done is inseparable from social media. Islam is a religion that likes peace and does not like division, therefore when using social media as a Muslim, you must pay attention to the applicable ethics and adab. Therefore, the researcher conducted outreach activities on the importance of social media ethics for a Muslim. The purpose of the counseling activity is to educate the importance of ethics in using social media, especially for a Muslim
Mannia fragrans (Balbis) Frye & L. Clark [≡Grimaldia fragrans (Balbis) Corda] en la Península Ibérica
Authors: Rosa M. Cros
Published: December 2023

A raíz del hallazgo de la hepática Mannia fragrans en Olot (Girona), se revisan las muestras de este taxon en España, donde se ha considerado raro. Se constata que las muestras revisadas corresponden a otros taxones y que la única cita cierta es la que corresponde a Olot.

As a result of the find of Mannia fragrans in Olot (Girona), the Spanish specimens of this taxon were revised. The revision shows that the cite from Olot is the only right.
De constructie van een 'no-mine's land'?
Authors: De Mars Afra
Published: December 2023

After the announcement of the Dutch mine closure in 1965, a spatial reconversion on unforeseen scale began. This reconversion is known under the contemporary slogan ‘van zwart naar groen’ (from black to green). As a result of the choices made at the time, the Dutch Mijnstreek now seems a kind of ‘no-mine’s land’. Using publications by planning authorities, this article analyses the ideas behind the slogan ‘from black to green’ and why it was thought this transition was necessary. After a general introduction, the article focuses on the case of the Willem-terrain of the Domaniale Mijn. It also discusses how the ideas of ‘from black to green’ fitted in broader contemporary debates on nature, environment and heritage, and makes a comparison between the Dutch reconversion and the Belgium one, which had a very different result.
Een kleurrijke blik op een ondergronds verleden
Authors: De Mars Afra , Van Puyvelde Judith
Published: December 2023

Today, the Limburg landscape shows little evidence of its mining past. Existing artwork, on the other hand, regularly references the mining industry. Among the different types of artwork, stained-glass windows are perhaps an unexpected artistic witness of the mining industry and as such constitute a largely overlooked part of mining heritage. This article focuses on these mining windows, which depict the mining industry in various ways. Mining windows have not been the subject of many studies, nor does an overarching catalogue exist. This incited the authors and the Centre for the Social History of Limburg (SHCL) to create the GLiM-project (Stained-glass windows and Dutch mines). The project focuses on compiling an online database of mining windows, starting with those in Dutch Limburg. This article introduces the GLiM-database and zooms in on three case studies: ‘Heilige Barbara’ (1932/1937) by Henri Jonas in Bleijerheide, ‘Eigenschappen van steenkool’ (1938) by Joep Nicolas for DSM, and ‘Het gezonde leven in Limburg’ (1954) by Charles Eyck for the Sanatorium Hornerheide.
Op de bres voor het 'Deutschtum' in Limburg (1933-1940)
Authors: Brauer Jan
Published: December 2023

Borders engender cultural and socio-political interaction between states. Especially in border regions, issues of nationality and identity sharpen in times of political tension. As early as 1933, for instance, Limburg faced strong influence of the rising National Socialist Third Reich, partly because of the many thousands of German migrants - ‘Rijksduitsers’ - who lived and worked there. Fierce propaganda and intimidation had to activate these so-called ‘Volksgenossen’, but in addition, the Limburgers, as ‘race-Germans’, also belonged in this Reich, according to Berlin. They had strayed from Deutschtum and had to be reclaimed with the use of propaganda. This early invasive socio-political influence process – a clear prelude to the occupation years ‘40-45’ – is examined in this article from German and Dutch sources. What was the impact on the daily lives of border residents, who traditionally fostered close ties with neighbours across the border? To answer this question, this article presents new cross-border regional research in the periphery of Limburg as a contribution to the broader historiography of Dutch WWII-history.
Pengaruh Literasi Wakaf, Advertensi dan Religiusitas terhadap Minat Masyarakat Kota Makassar untuk Berwakaf Uang dengan Transparansi sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Firawati Firawati , Katman Muhammad Nasir , Masse Rahman Ambo
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to examine the extent to which waqf literacy, advertising and religiosity have an impact on the interest of the people of Makassar City to give cash waqf. This research uses a quantitative descriptive research design. This research relies on primary and secondary data sources. In this research, questionnaires, interviews and documentation were used to collect data. The SmartPLS 4.0 data processing application is used in research data analysis. Based on the regression results, the variables Literacy (X1), Advertising (X2), and Religiosity (X3) have a positive and large influence on the variable Interest in donating cash (Y). Furthermore, the variable Transparency (Z) cannot moderate (weaken) the influence of waqf literacy and cannot moderate (weaken) the influence of religiosity but can moderate (strengthen) the influence of advertising on people's interest in cash waqf.
Peran Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Kabupaten Karo dalam Meningkatkan Minat Baca Anak yang Terdampak Erupsi Gunung Sinabung
Authors: Ginting Okti Sri Indah Br , Purwaningtyas Franindya
Published: December 2023

This research discusses the role of the Karo Regency Library and Archives Service in increasing interest in reading for children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung. This research was conducted with the aim, to find out the role of the Karo Regency Library and Archives Service in increasing reading interest in children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, to find out the role of the library and archives service in socializing libraries to children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, to find out the obstacles faced by the Office of the Republic of Indonesia. Karo Regency Library and Archives in increasing interest in reading for children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung. The research method used in this thesis is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is by means of observation, interviews and documentation, while the data analysis technique is carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are that the role of the Karo Regency Library and Archives Service has been carried out as a public library for children and the community in Karo district, but for children who were affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung there is not yet. The role of the Karo Regency Library and Archives Service in socializing the Karo Regency Library to children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung is still carried out in schools only, however, a special program has not been made for visits to relocation villages. The first obstacle faced by the Karo Regency Library and Archives Service in increasing the reading interest of children affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung was the first budget, inadequate facilities and low interest in reading.
Beyond a Single Identity: Family-Themed Picture Books Depicting Intersecting Identities
Authors: Czirr Lisa , Uliassi Christine , Gichuru Margaret , Roiger Patricia
Published: December 2023

Picture books have been described as written artifacts that convey cultural and social messages. The messages shown in picture books can perpetuate societal problems by excluding diverse groups or promoting stereotypes.On the other hand, inclusive children’s literature can combat socialized forms of oppression. Sharing inclusive children’s literature from an early age can promote positive identity development. Messages in these texts normalize the diversity of experiences and identities that may be reflected in students’ lives or the experiences of their peers. Diverse portrayals, particularly those depicting individuals at intersections of multiple marginalized groups, are underrepresented in children’s texts. Diverse students negotiate the complex implications (e.g., cultural, historical, social, and political) of having multiple identity markers.Therefore, our libraries must be representative of these rich, complex, and layered identities. These books can address intersectional concepts for students of all age levels, introducing these topics in ways that are relatable and appropriate.
Does the Ethnomedicinal Use of Pequi Oil for the Treatment of Infections Reveal its Antifungal Potential?
Authors: De Araújo Welia Pereira , Garcia Novais Maria Hellena , Farias Naiza Saraiva , Melo Coutinho Henrique Douglas , dos Santos Marcos Aurélio  Figuereido , de Souza Mikael Amaro , Filho Ademar Maia , Oliveira Ramos Jácia Santos , da Costa Silva José Thyálisson , de Lima Silva , Jailson Renato , Moreira Amanda Maria Tavares , de Barros João Eudes Lemos , Morais-Braga Maria Flaviana Bezerra , Almeida-Bezerra José Weverton ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Biological Sciences Course, Regional  University of Cariri, 63105-000, Crato, CE, Brazil.
Published: December 2023

In Brazil, the use of medicinal plants has been on the rise over the years, especially as an alternative for the treatment of diseases caused by fungal infections. Fungal infections have become a major public health problem, primarily due to the indiscriminate and prolonged use of antibiotics. In this context, among the various species of the Brazilian flora, an endemic species stands out, Caryocar coriaceum, popularly known as "pequi," is widely used in nutrition and is also employed by the population for medicinal purposes to treat infectious diseases. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, antifungal action of the medicinal oil from Caryocar coriaceum, test the combined effect with the drug Fluconazole, and finally determine the chemical constituents present in the oil of pequi fruits. Initially, the fruits of this species were subjected to boiling in broth microdilution, and the combined effect with Fluconazole was assessed at sub-inhibitory concentrations (1/8 MIC), followed by spectrophotometric readings used to determine the IC50. The C. coriaceum species is composed of four fatty acids, of which two were more prevalent, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The fixed oil showed low antifungal activity when evaluated individually for Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis strains, with IC50 values of 593.8 μg/mL, exhibiting greater modification for the standard drug with IC50 values for C. albicans at 16.07 μg/mL and C. tropicalis at 4.77 μg/mL. However, for the Candida krusei strain, the fixed oil exhibited more potent antifungal activity than Fluconazole at concentrations of 32 μg/mL and 64 μg/mL, while Fluconazole had intensified activity at concentrations from 2 μg/mL up to 128 μg/mL. Regarding the potentiating action for Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei strains, the oil associated with Fluconazole enhanced the antifungal effect with IC50 values of 0.02792 μg/mL for C. albicans, 0.09903 μg/mL for C. tropicalis, and 15.15 μg/mL for C. krusei. Thus, the oil contains promising compounds in its composition for the development of medications to treat infectious diseases.
Study of comparison of oral fungal flora of smokers vs non-smokers in a Metropolitan city
Authors:   Swami Vivekananda Institute of Modern Science, Sonarpur, West Bengal, India., Tiwari Shyam Sundar , Raj Atul ,   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, India., Bhattacharyya Sayan ,   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, India., Ganguli Abhirup ,   Department of Microbiology, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Modern Science, Kolkata, India.
Published: December 2023

There are some common fungi found in the oral cavity. Epidemiological studies indicate higher risk for periodontal disease in smokers vis a vis non-smokers. The increased risk is proportional to the length and frequency of smoking. This is an important area of public health research. In our study we found fungi to be present significantly more in oral cavity of smokers as compared to non-smokers.
High energy density materials based on fluorinated bridged trinitromethyl azo triazole derivatives: a quantum chemical study of thermodynamic and energetic properties
Authors:   , Ansbert Clemence
Published: December 2023

High energy density materials (HEDM) have gained extensive attention due to their energetic properties and safety issues. Nitro and fluoro groups, among others, have become viable substituents in the HEDM triazole framework because of their particular contribution to detonation properties and moderate sensitivity. In this study, fluorinated bis(trinitromethyl) azo triazoles were designed theoretically using the Density Function Theory (DFT) approach with hybrid functional B3LYP. The molecular structures, thermodynamic properties of gaseous species (e.g., enthalpies of detonation and enthalpies of formation) and energetic properties of solid materials (detonation heat Q, pressure PD and velocity VD) have been investigated. The best characteristics attained for the designed azo fluorinated solid compounds are as follows: Q 1650 – 1690 cal g –1 , PD 44 – 46 GPa and VD 9.8 km s –1 . These characteristics are superior to those of conventional explosives, indicating that fluorinated bis(trinitromethyl) azo triazoles are promising HEDM.
Enhancing the performance of a spray flash evaporation integrated with evacuated tube desalination system
Authors:   , Muhunzi Amour
Published: December 2023

Numerical analysis for heat exchanger for spray-assisted low-temperature desalination system is presented for an existing low-temperature desalination unit at Arusha Technical College (ATC). The current desalination unit at ATC has two suction fans and a water pump in the condensation unit where significant amount of energy is consumed. So, it will be impractical to implement such a type of desalination system in remote areas where there is limited access to electricity. The study aims to come up with a suitable model for the replacement of the current condensation unit due to high energy consumption. The heat transfer phenomena have been analyzed to understand the effect of mass flow rate, tube length and diameter in a shelland-tube heat exchanger (STHX). A Math CAD model was developed using the Delaware method to obtain the mentioned parameters. The results show that the pressure drop is very low from all STHX configurations, while the heat transfer coefficient seems to be maximum in the smallest diameter within the largest tube length heat exchanger. The maximum possible energy will be extracted by the STHX from the steam while it condenses. According to the results, as long as over-design is considered the proposed system can be implemented with the minimum effect of 5.968 to 10.688 kWh energy consumption. The energy-saving of the proposed system is about 8.856 kWh as the replacement of the STHX from the existing condensation unit. While the current system energy is consumed about 14.824 to 19.544 kWh in a single day of operation. Also, the proposed system will improve the system workability to the remote communities in future implementation.
An eco-friendly tanning method using plant barks and their combination with aluminium sulphate from kaolin for leather industry
Authors:   , Rolence Cecilia
Published: December 2023

Chrome tanning has remained the most preferred tanning method worldwide in the leather industry because it produces leather of a high quality with all the desired features. However, environmental concerns of chromium shifted the focus of current research to chrome-free and greener chemical processing options. When used in combination with some eco-friendly metal salts, vegetable tannins are environmentally safe and manageable, while producing excellent quality leather, bearing shrinkage temperature above 100 °C as that of chromium tanned leather. As such, shortage of vegetable tannin supply requires characterization of non-commercialized sources locally available in Tanzania for cottage tanneries. In the present work, vegetable tannins from the stem barks of local plants namely Acacia mearnsii (A. mearnsii), Acacia xanthophloea (A. xanthophloea), Euclea divinorum (E. divinorum) and root barks of Euclea racemosa (E. racemosa) were prepared using a simple extraction technique at 30-80 °C. Extract yield, tannin, total flavonoid and phenolic content, cross-linking ability as well as properties of the tanned leather were determined. Results indicated that even at low temperature (50 °C) the barks yield vegetable tannins with features similar to that of a commercialized source of tannin. Euclea racemosa extract had low tannin, phenolic and flavonoid content and its crosslinking ability was poor; hence, was determined as an un-suitable tannin source. Despite recording less extract yield, tannin and other contents than that of A. mearnsii, the extract from E. divinorum bark demonstrated a substantial tanning ability, which is attributable to its high tannin strength. However, a broad interval between T onset and T peak of treated hide powder necessitated combination tanning with aluminium sulphate [Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] to lower the interval. About 2% (w/v) aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) equivalent is an optimal dose of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 for extract pre-treatment. Since the main source of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , bauxite, is diminishing in the world, an alternative source of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 was explored. The Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 was prepared from Kaolin of Pugu hill in Tanzania and applied for combination tanning. The study has proven the suitability of kaolin as an alternative source of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 for combination tanning with vegetable tannins. Leather tanned with the combination of the prepared Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and vegetable tannin exhibited the shrinkage temperature of up to 118 °C as compared to vegetable tannins alone that showed the average of 80 °C. Mechanical strength characteristics met the standard norms. Fiber separation was good as confirmed through microscopic studies. The study provides useful information and new insights on accomplishing self-sustenance through available resources and an eco-friendly manufacturing system for leather industries in Tanzania and beyond.
Application of modified lignocellulosic materials as green flocculants for brewery wastewater treatment
Authors:   , Mwesiga James
Published: December 2023

Coagulation–flocculation technique is usually used in wastewater treatment by employing conventional inorganic materials such as alum and ferric chloride. Due to environmental challenges associated with the use of inorganic flocculants, biopolymers are gaining ground as alternative water treatment materials. In the present study, native cellulose and hemicelluloses isolated from sugarcane bagasse were used in the removal of turbidity and biological oxygen demand (BOD) from industrial wastewater. Isolated native cellulose was modified to regenerated cellulose. Also, native cellulose, regenerated cellulose and hemicellulose were carboxymethylated using sodium monochloroacetic acid. Functional groups on the isolated, regenerated, and carboxymethylated biopolymers were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Sulfur (S) and Oxygen (O) (CHNS/O) analysis. The degree of substitution for regenerated and carboxymethylated cellulosic materials were measured using recommended standard methods. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with 1.3 degree of substitution reduced turbidity and BOD by 62.2 and 64%, respectively. Carboxymethyl regenerated-cellulose (CMC-II) at 1.1 degree of substitution reduced turbidity and BOD by 55.6 and 60%, respectively. Carboxymethyl hemicellulose (CMH) with 1.4 degree of substitution was capable of reducing turbidity and BOD by 45.7 and 47%, respectively. Carboxymethylcellulose and hemicellulose have rarely been used in the treatment of brewery wastewater. In the present study, these two novel materials showed a good prospect for application in water and wastewater treatment. URI
Performance of inclined plates settler integrated with constructed wetland for high turbidity water treatment
Authors:   , Kasenene Atwebembela
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate and demonstrate a cost-effective treatment technology for high turbid water, commonly used for domestic purposes in rural areas of Tanzania where conventional water treatment techniques are not available. A study was conducted on the water quality status of five permanent earth dams within Monduli district during the wet and dry seasons, by analyzing physicochemical and microbial characteristics. The water characteristics of the five earth dams tested were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) and most of the tested parameters including turbidity and faecal coliform (FC) were above the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) drinking water standards. In this study, a pilot-scale inclined plates settler integrated with constructed wetland (IPS-CW system was tested on Nadosoito dam water with turbidities ranging from 186 to 4011 NTU. The IPS-CW system was meant to remove organic matter, nutrients and pathogens, with major focus on turbidity and FC removal, at the test flow rates of 20, 15, 10 and 5 L/min. The system removed substantial amount of contaminants, thereby achieving maximum removal efficiency of 95.9% and 94.3% for turbidity and FC respectively. Although using this combination of technologies in improving drinking water quality is uncommon, nitrate and biochemical oxygen demand met the TBS and World health Organization drinking water standards of ≤ 50 mg/l and ≤ 6 mg/L respectively. Due to low production cost and simplicity in operation, the system can be implemented in rural communities with high turbidity water sources however, further disinfection is required to ensure zero FC.
The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in Libya and Syria: An Analysis of Competing Normative Discourses
Authors: BODUR ÜN Marella , KELLECİ Tuğçe
Published: December 2023

In 2011, based on the R2P principles, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) authorized a military intervention led by NATO in Libya to “protect civilians”. Yet, the UNSC could not agree on sanctions or military action to protect civilians in Syria. Analyzing the relevant UNSC resolutions, official documents, and formal statements of state representatives, this study aims to uncover the discursive practices around military interventions. More specifically, it explores official discourses that legitimized the NATO-led military intervention in Libya and non-intervention in Syria. A comparative analysis of the Libyan and Syrian cases presents us with an opportunity to assess where R2P currently stands as an international norm.