bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-Pot Solvent Free, Green Route to Novel Substituted Spiro[oxindole-isoxazolidine]
Derivatives: Novel Candidates as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Bhatia Sumeet Kaur , Singh Baldev
Published: June 2021

The environmentally benign catalyst and solvent-free synthesis of ketonitrones may not always be
accomplished by simple condensation reactions. The occasional reports of green synthetic routes
toward these compounds have been reported. The key features of this 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions
of N-[4-(-carboxycyclohexylmethyl)]maleimide with substituted isatin ketonitrone under microwave
conditions resulted in the green synthesis of series of novel fluoro-substituted
spiro[oxindole-isoxazolidine] derivatives in high yields, improved purity and short reaction times. All
the synthesized compounds have been identified as potent in vitro antimicrobial agents. These results
promoted the greener route to synthesize spiro[oxindole-isoxazolidine] derivatives with immense
pharmacological importance in eco-friendly manner.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Triazole Derivatives of Osajin
Authors: Ramana L.V. , Appa Rao K.M.Ch. , Appa Rao M. Suri , ramanaiah Ch. Venkata , Rao G. Nageswara
Published: June 2021

In the present study, osajin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their
anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7, PC-3 and Hela cell lines. Many of the synthesized hybrid
derivatives were found potent than the parent compound, osajin (1). All the semi-synthesized derivatives
(3a-j) were characterized by using mass and NMR spectroscopic techniques. Among the newly
synthesized compounds, 3c, 3d, and 3e were shown promising activities against the tested cell lines
compared with doxorubicin standard. In addition, molecular docking studies of the synthesized
compounds have shown a good correlation with in silico molecular docking analysis by exhibiting
strong interactions with the inhibitor HERA-protein.
Nanoparticles Mediated Protein Stability in Comparison with Osmolytes: in vivo Approach
Authors: Verma R. , Singh N. , Chaudhuri (Chattopadhyay) P.
Published: June 2021

The native three-dimensional structure of protein is quite unstable under critical destabilizing conditions.
In order to enhance the stability and activity for a proper folded environment of a protein, many
stabilizing materials are added such as nanoparticles and osmolytes to an unfolded state of protein.
Osmolytes are the important group of molecules which are engaged by the cell as an adaption in the
severe conditions. In this communication, a comparative in vivo study is reported for imparting the
status of stability and folding ability of zebrafish dihydrofolate reductase (zDHFR) protein with gold
nanoparticles and various osmolytes (glycerol, glucose and betain). Present observations revealed that
the interaction of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with bacteria at the cellular level helps in maintaining
the stability of protein more effectively than osmolytes which could be used for many biological and
pharmacological approaches although glycerol as an osmolyte also stabilizes the protein at a significant
level.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Biological Evaluation of
Metal Complexes of 2-Thioxoquinoline Aminophenol
Authors: Gokulnath G. , Anitha P. , Manikandan R. , Umarani C.
Published: June 2021

A series of novel 2-thioxoquinoline aminophenol Schiff base based Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)
metal complexes [M(L)2], (M = Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ & Zn2+; L = 2-thioxoquinoline aminophenol) were
synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies (FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR,
ESR and ESI-Mass). All experimental results showed that in these metal complexes, the central metal
atom was coordinated by oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur donor atoms of deprotonated Schiff base. Further,
the ligand and its metal(II) complexes were screened against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus),
Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungus (Candida albicans) strains. in vitro Anticancer
activity of ligand and its metal(II) complexes were also screened against HeLa cells (Human cervical
cancer cells).
Illustration of the Relativity Principle Using a Double Breather
Authors: Goncharov A.I.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to give more clarity to some relativistic laws, primarily the principle of relativity.These laws have been illustrated using linear waves in several of our previous articles. In this work, solutions of the nonlinear sine-Gordon equation in the form of double breathers are used for the same purposes. The exact two-breather solution and the approximate one that is convenient for analysis are presented. Moving breathers are derived from standing breathers through the active Lorenz transformations. Oscillations in a moving breather become out of phase. For each system, the distance between the amplitude maxima is taken as a unit length, and the oscillation period is taken as a time interval unit. It is shown that the observer associated with a moving breather and an observer associated with a standing breather see the same picture; an observer cannot distinguish the state of movement of his breather from rest. Therefore, in a frame of reference based on a moving breather, its oscillations are considered in-phase. In this case, time is determined as if the clocks were synchronized according to the Einstein method.Space-time coordinates of the same event in different frames of reference turn out to be related by the passive Lorentz transformations.
Effect of Cooling on the Occurrence of Magnetization in Titanium Nickelide
Authors: Dostovalov A.V. , Noskov F.M. , Zhigalov V.S. , Nyavro A.V.
Published: June 2021

The occurrence of magnetization in alloys of the nickel-titanium system is still studied insufficiently. Our early work showed the possibility of magnetization arising during multiple cycles of forward and reverse martensitic transitions in the Ni51Ti49 alloy, as well as after deformation of this alloy by tensile stress to rupture. The purpose of this paper is devoted to revealing the effect of magnetization in samples of the Ni51Ti49 alloy as a result of their single cooling in liquid nitrogen, as well as the disappearance of magnetization when the samples are heated to room temperature. Using an induction hysteresigraph it is found out that the sample has a high magnetization immediately after cooling. As the sample is heated, the hysteresis loops change, acquiring a smaller inclination to the horizontal axis. It indicates a decrease in the magnetic induction to almost zero as the temperature rises to room temperature. The reason for the occurrence and disappearance of magnetization can be associated with micro-deformation processes related to forward and reverse martensitic transitions during cooling and heating of the samples.
Measuring And Computing System for Studying the Magnetic Characteristics of Soft Magnetic Materials
Authors: Egorov A.V. , Polyakov V.V. , Lependin A.A. , Ruder D.D.
Published: June 2021

Non-destructive eddy current diagnostics of the structure, composition, physical and mechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials, as well as eddy current monitoring of the operational parameters of products manufactured from them, requires knowledge of the magnetic characteristics of these materials. In eddy current measurements, the results obtained are influenced by a significant number of factors — magnetic and electrical properties of materials, geometric characteristics of products, measurement conditions, design features of an eddy current sensor, etc. Also, the magnetic properties themselves have high structural sensitivity. Thus, identification of the diagnosed parameters puts great importance on the tasks to separate the influencing factors and isolate the contribution of the magnetic properties.

This paper describes the measuring and computing system that allows automatic determination of the magnetic permeability of soft magnetic ferromagnetic materials at various values of the strength of the external magnetizing field. The system has been tested using soft magnetic ferrites samples. An experimental dependence of the magnetic permeability on the magnitude of the magnetic field for the initial section of the main magnetization curve is presented. The obtained initial magnetic permeability is compared with the data of independent indirect measurements.

The proposed system provides an increase in the reliability and accuracy of the results of the experimental determination of magnetic characteristics and can be used for non-destructive diagnostics of products made of soft magnetic ferromagnetic materials.
Transverse-Longitudinal Bending of Multilayered Concrete Rods and Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Rods
Authors: Nemirovskii Yu.V. , Tikhonov S.V.
Published: June 2021

This paper considers the problem of transverselongitudinal bending of multilayered concrete rods with a constant cross-section under the impact of quasistatic loading and volume forces. The research is aimed to establish general relations between the distribution topology of materials in the construction and the required types of permissible operating conditions, such as permissible ultimate elastic deformations, permissible pre-destruction deformations, and maximum permissible deformations at the start of local destructions. This study demonstrates the importance of volume forces and the possibility of increasing the bearing capacity using the redistribution of materials of the investigated constructions. The given problems are solved by the Bubnov- Galerkin method. Each of the numerically calculated cases is illustrated by the graphs of the distribution of longitudinal displacement and deflections of the rods and the values of maximum and minimum deformations in each layer of the considered rods.
An Inexpensive, Portable, and Versatile Electronic Nose for Illness Detect
Authors: Riscica F. , Dirani E. , Accardo A. , Chapoval A.I.
Published: June 2021

Health-care strategies are currently oriented towards non-invasive techniques for an early diagnosis. The chemical analysis seems to be a good answer to accomplish both prevention, a fundamental requirement for an efficient treatment of the disease, and non-invasivity. GC is very accurate but is expensive; its sampling and assaying processes are complicated and time consuming, while its results require expert interpretation. Over the last decade, "electronic sensing" or "e-sensing" technologies have undergone some important developments from both a technical and commercial point of view. Particularly, in recent years, the usefulness of the electronic nose has been clinically proved as an opportunity for the early detection of such diseases as lung cancer, diabetes, and tuberculosis. In this paper, a portable, versatile and inexpensive system for the measurement of gas concentration through a gas sensor array is described. The system uses low cost metal oxide gas transducers and can automatically compensate the values of gas concentration detected according to the current values of temperature and humidity. The device works in slave mode and its acquired and computed data are available by means of a host/slave ASCII serial communication protocol. A host device can periodically require the current values of gas concentration and apply the appropriate algorithms for the detection of the investigated substances.
Influence of Composition on the Evolution of Dislocation Substructure in the Low-Stability State Polycrystalline Cu-Al Alloys under Plastic Deformation
Authors: Trischkina L.I. , Cherkasova T.V. , Klopotov A.A. , Potekaev A.I. , Kulagina V.V.
Published: June 2021

New concepts of dislocation physics of plasticity and strength are considered using quantitative methods of transmission diffraction electron microscopy. New concepts of dislocation physics of plasticity and strength are considered using quantitative methods of transmission diffraction electron microscopy. The analysis of changes in the parameters of the dislocation substructure (DSS) is given on the example of alloys Cu-0.5 and 14 аt. % Al and the influence of these parameters on the change in the substructure of the material at a temperature T=293 K is considered. It is shown that at each stage of deformation, there are usually two substructures ("old" and "new"). The blurring of the transition from stage to stage is associated with the presence of weakly stable pre-transition structural-phase States at certain degrees of deformation of several types of substructures simultaneously, i.e., a weakly stable structural-phase state of the system. Against the background of the "old" substructure, a "new" one is born, which in the process of deformation becomes the main one, and then the "old" one, in the depths of which another substructure is formed. Experimental evidence of this regularity is obtained for FCC alloys. The presence of grain boundaries complicates the diagrams: a third substructure is formed near the grain boundaries, which corresponds to the following substructures (later) in the sequence of DSS transformations.
Geometry of Nonholonomic Kenmotsu Manifolds
Authors: Bukusheva A.V.
Published: June 2021

The concept of the intrinsic geometry of a nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold M is introduced. It is understood as the set of those properties of the manifold that depend only on the framing  of the D^ distribution D of the manifold M, on the parallel transformation of vectors belonging to the distribution D along curves tangent to this distribution. The invariants of the intrinsic geometry of the nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold are: the Schouten curvature tensor; 1-form η generating the distribution D; the Lie derivative  of the metric tensor g along the vector field ; Schouten — Wagner tensor field P, whose components in adapted coordinates are expressed using the equalities . It is proved that, as in the case of the Kenmotsu manifold, the Schouten — Wagner tensor of the manifold M vanishes. It follows that the Schouten tensor of a nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold has the same formal properties as the Riemann curvature tensor. It is proved that the alternation of the Ricci — Schouten tensor coincides with the differential of the structural form. This property of the Ricci — Schouten tensor is used in the proof of the main result of the article: a nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold cannot carry the structure of an η-Einstein manifold.
The Purpose and Types of Organizational Gossip
Authors:   , Pápay Boróka Tímea
Published: June 2021

Gossip, one of the core human activities, enforces cooperation, and influences reputation. It is safe to assume that it is a more complex phenomenon than just having a cooperation-building function. Gossip can be linked to a wide variety of mechanisms that are relevant in small groups such as workplaces. The social structure behind gossip is a complex one where individual motivations; relationships between the sender, the receiver, and the target of the gossip; and organizational norms and contexts also play a role in its formation. The current dissertation conducts a thorough, mixed-method analysis of gossip on multiple analytical levels using novel, unique data sources. The questions of the analysis were the following: What are the motivations of the sender for gossiping? Is there a personal or financially driven envy as an explanation for negative gossip? Is perceived fairness and cooperation influencing gossip dynamics within an organization? Does gossip only circulate between the sender and receiver when they have a trusting relationship? What set of relationships between the sender, receiver, and target facilitate the sharing of gossip? How do these different sets of relationships lead to different social functions of gossip? How do gossip texts look structurally? How are the gossip triad members represented in a gossip speech, and what does that tell us about the gossip's intended purpose? What are the organizational determinants of gossip? How does perceived fairness and cohesiveness contribute to gossip in an organization? In the dissertation, we relied on two main datasets. The primary one was an online survey conducted with employees from multiple organizations, from 9 workgroups operating in different sectors, recording employee opinions and networks. Our second dataset was a unique, spontaneous speech corpus based on about 550 hours of audio recordings captured during a Hungarian entertainment program, transcribed, annotated, and validated by manual transcribers. The analysis uses quantitative methods such as descriptive statistics, probability theory; classification methods such as decision trees, hierarchical clustering; part-of-speech (POS) tagging; and social network analysis methods such as Exponential Random Graph Model or Triadic Relation Models. We also used qualitative methods as semi-structured interviews and gossip speech interpretation.
An approach to the judicial evaluation of evidence from computers and computer systems
Authors: Jackson Michael
Published: June 2021

The evaluation of evidence derived from a complex computer system is difficult: past experience of reliable operation in general is an uncertain guide to the value of specific evidence in a particular case. By setting the evidence in question in the context of the complete transaction to which it pertains, and tracking the system’s processing path for the transaction, better guidance may be obtained. Difficulty in elucidating the processing path may itself cast doubt on the evidence in question.

 

Index words: complexity, computer, evidence, path, transaction
A EDUCAÇÃO E A AÇÃO POLÍTICA COMO FENÔMENOS SOCIAIS HUMANOS: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES ENTRE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS GERAIZEIRAS, SÃO DESIDÉRIO-BA
Authors: Dos Santos Mario Alberto
Published: June 2021

Este artigo compõe parte de resultados alcançados na realização de um Projeto de Pesquisa e outro de Extensão, e seus objetivos se concentraram em analisar os desafios de ordem social, política e econômica, mas também epistemológicas e teóricas, para realizar os fenômenos sociais da educação e da ação política em territórios tradicionais Geraizeiros, localizados no vale do rio Guará, São Desidério-BA. A pesquisa participante, à luz da geografia humanista e fenomenológica, e em diálogo com a ciência da cognição, guiaram os caminhos teóricos e metodológicos dos estudos e análises realizadas até o momento. As comunidades Geraizeiras coparticipantes apresentam um convívio social cotidiano intimamente forjado nas relações e interações simbólicas e afetivas com o cerrado, das quais derivam seus saberes-fazeres agroextrativistas. Porém, observa-se um histórico de ausências de direitos sociais e políticos, e influências externas à essa dinâmica, que condicionaram, e ainda condicionam, mudanças estruturais e de comportamento entre as famílias Geraizeiras. Essas mudanças geram vulnerabilidades, e os estudos apontam para a importância contida no continuum experiencial existente entre os fenômenos sociais da educação e da ação política, os quais têm na troca entre saberes e experiências o meio para alcançar as transformações positivas no cenário de vulnerabilidades observado.
MACROFAUNA DO SOLO NO PARQUE MUNICIPAL DE MACEIÓ, ALAGOAS
Authors: De Lima Renato Wilian Santos , Da Silva Carlos Augusto Rocha , Dias Delane dos Santos , Santos Élida Monique da Costa , Gomes Danúbia Lins , Araujo Kallianna Dantas
Published: June 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar a macrofauna do solo em Unidade de Conservação, em Maceió, Alagoas, nos ambientes conservado, transição e alterado, de ago/2018 a jun/2019. Utilizou-se armadilhas Provid que permaneceram no campo por 96 horas. Os organismos (>2mm de comprimento) foram identificados a nível de ordem. Foi quantificada a abundância e aplicados os índices ecológicos de Shannon (H) e Pielou (e). Quantificou-se o conteúdo de água do solo (CAS), e temperatura do solo (TS) na profundidade 0,10 m, e precipitação pluvial (PP). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, tendo suas médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O ambiente conservado apresenta maior riqueza e abundância, em razão da variedade de alimento e abrigo na serapilheira, aliado aos fatores abióticos CAS e TS; Hymenoptera, adaptado às condições antrópicas, é dominante nos ambientes, comprovado pelos baixos valores dos índices (H) e (e); Na área conservada Hymenoptera não foi discrepante em relação aos demais grupos, refletindo o equilíbrio da área. A variável TS influenciou a abundância, o CAS apresentou influência na riqueza e a PP influenciou ambas as variáveis.
Environmental Management of Agricultural Enterprises in the Context of European Environmentally - Friendly Food System
Authors: KUPALOVA Halyna , GONCHARENKO Nataliia , ANDRUSIV Uliana
Published: June 2021

Strengthening international environmental regulation, implementation of a European strategy for a sustainable food system form new environmental requirements for producers and exporters of agricultural products. To meet new environmental requirements, avoiding environmental barriers to exports, agricultural enterprises must improve environmental management. The article improves environmental management in terms of the formation of the environmental strategy of agricultural enterprises in the context of the European environmentally-friendly food system. It was found that improving the efficiency of activities, the requirements of suppliers or customers and improving the company's image among stakeholders are the main incentives for the implementation of international environmental management standards in agricultural enterprises. It has been determined that in modern conditions the tasks of environmental management are expanding in terms of ensuring the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises by reducing the chemicalization of production processes and the carbon footprint. The stages of strategic planning in the environmental management system of export-oriented agricultural enterprises have been substantiated. An economic and mathematical model of production optimization, taking into account environmental factors, has been proposed for strategic planning in the environmental management system of agricultural enterprises.
Innovative Approaches to the Formation and Development of the Startup Ecosystem
Authors: DEMIANENKO Nataliia , YASNOLOB Ilona , GORB Oleg , Zoria Oleksii , CHIP Liudmyla , PESTSOVA-SVITALKA Oksana , DUBOVYCH Olesia , SHVEDENKO Pavel , BARDINA Tetiana
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to considering the peculiarities of startup ecosystem formation. Modern theoretical views on the definition of startup ecosystem have been studied. The author’s definition of “startup ecosystem” term has been given. Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems aimed at creating innovative products and services by startup companies have been analyzed. The structural elements of startup ecosystem under endogenous and exogenous changes in the business environment have been singled out. The situation of startup development in Ukraine and their further prospects have been analyzed. Emphasis has been placed on the formation of entrepreneurial universities as an important component of the ecosystem. The experience of leading countries in the implementation and formation of startup ecosystem has been studied and adapted.
The ‘Meta’-significance of Scalia’s A Matter of Interpretation: Reflections on a Theory and Ethics of Judicial Legislative Power
Authors: Berkmanas Tomas
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on a metatheory of legal interpretation as provided or implied in Antonin Scalia’s famous essay A Matter of Interpretation. It is not so much textualism itself what is being analysed here as its theoretical and philosophical foundations. Following this route, the article reveals a complex ideological framework of intersections between domains of democracy, common law, stare decisis, jusnaturalism and juspositivism. By moving judicial legislative power to the forefront, the analysis opens up the existence of two rather different, if not opposite, legislative strategies in the contemporary government: a regular one, exercised by its political institutions (parliament being the main one), and a specific one, exercised by the judiciary. The article proceeds with a critical analysis of two justifications of the latter—one more formal and another more substantial. Finally, the article develops a basic practical hierarchical structure of principles or rules that should settle down legislative powers by neutralising the apparent fundamental contradiction in Scalia’s essay (i.e., being pro-democrat and pro-liberal at the same time).
Machine vision-based driving and feedback scheme for digital microfluidics system
Authors: Luo Zhijie , Huang Bangrui , Xu Jiazhi , Wang Lu , Huang Zitao , Cao Liang , Liu Shuangyin
Published: June 2021

A digital microfluidic system based on electrowetting-on-dielectric is a new technology for controlling microliter-sized droplets on a plane. By applying a voltage signal to an electrode, the droplets can be controlled to move, merge, and split. Due to device design, fabrication, and runtime uncertainties, feedback control schemes are necessary to ensure the reliability and accuracy of a digital microfluidic system for practical application. The premise of feedback is to obtain accurate droplet position information. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop a digital microfluidics system integrated with driving, position, and feedback functions for different areas of study. In this article, we propose a driving and feedback scheme based on machine vision for the digital microfluidics system. A series of experiments including droplet motion, merging, status detection, and self-adaption are performed to evaluate the feasibility and the reliability of the proposed scheme. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can accurately locate multiple droplets and improve the success rate of different applications. Furthermore, the proposed scheme provides an experimental platform for scientists who focused on the digital microfluidics system.
Unsupervised collaborative learning based on Optimal Transport theory
Authors: Ben-Bouazza Fatima-Ezzahraa , Bennani Younès , Cabanes Guénaël , Touzani Abdelfettah
Published: June 2021

Collaborative learning has recently achieved very significant results. It still suffers, however, from several issues, including the type of information that needs to be exchanged, the criteria for stopping and how to choose the right collaborators. We aim in this paper to improve the quality of the collaboration and to resolve these issues via a novel approach inspired by Optimal Transport theory. More specifically, the objective function for the exchange of information is based on the Wasserstein distance, with a bidirectional transport of information between collaborators. This formulation allows to learns a stopping criterion and provide a criterion to choose the best collaborators. Extensive experiments are conducted on multiple data-sets to evaluate the proposed approach.
Effect of a required online graded curriculum in the clerkship years on medical student national standardized examination performance
Authors: Glaser Kelli , Pazdernik Vanessa , Sackett Denise , Sheridan Valerie
Published: June 2021

Context

Many medical schools have a distributed model for clinical clerkship education, challenging our ability to determine student gaps during clinical education. With the graduating class of 2017, A.T. Still University’s School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona (ATSU-SOMA) began requiring additional online curricula for all clerkship courses.

Objectives

To determine whether third year and fourth year students receiving ATSU-SOMA’s online curricula during core clerkships performed better overall on national standardized examinations than students from previous years who had not received the curricula, and whether scores from online coursework correlated with outcomes on standardized examinations as possible early predictors of success.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study analyzed existing data (demographics and assessments) from ATSU-SOMA classes of 2017–2020 (curriculum group) and 2014–2016 (precurriculum group). The effect of the curriculum on national standardized examinations (Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Achievement Test [COMAT] and Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States [COMLEX-USA]) was estimated using augmented inverse probability weighting (AIPW). Correlations between assignment scores and national standardized examinations were estimated using linear regression models.

Results

The curriculum group had 405 students with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 25.7 (±3.1) years. Two hundred and fifteen (53.1%) students in the curriculum group were female and 190 (46.9%) were male. The precurriculum group had 308 students (mean ± SD age, 26.4 ± 4.2 years; 157 [51.0%] male; 151 [49.0%] female). The online curriculum group had higher COMAT clinical subject exam scores in obstetrics and gynecology, osteopathic principles and practice (OPP), psychiatry, and surgery (all p≤0.04), as well as higher COMLEX-USA Level 2-Cognitive Evaluation (CE) family medicine and OPP subscores (both p≤0.03). The curriculum group had a 9.4 point increase in mean total COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE score (p=0.08). No effect was found for the curriculum overall on COMAT mean or COMLEX-USA Level 2-Performance Evaluation scores (all p≥0.11). Total coursework scores in each core clerkship, excluding pediatrics, were correlated with COMAT mean score (all adjusted p≤0.03). Mean scores for five of the seven assignment types in core clerkships, excluding evidence based medicine types, were positively correlated with COMAT mean scores (all adjusted p≤0.049). All assignment types correlated with COMLEX-USA Level 2-CE total score (all adjusted p≤0.04), except interprofessional education (IPE).

Conclusions

Results from this study of 713 students from ATSU-SOMA suggested that our online curriculum supplemented clinic based learning during clerkship courses and improved student outcomes on national standardized examinations.
Infinite Regress: Wolff’s Cosmology and the Background of Kant’s Antinomies
Authors: Camposampiero Matteo Favaretti
Published: June 2021

Wolff’s relation to Leibniz and Kant’s relation to both are notoriously vexed questions. First, this paper argues that Wolff’s most serious departure from Leibniz consists in his (so far overlooked) rejection of the latter’s infinitism. Second, it contends that the controversies that surrounded Wolff’s early acceptance of infinite causal regress and prompted his conversion to finitism played a prominent role in shaping the theses of Kant’s Antinomies. Whereas Leibniz and the early Wolff considered infinite regress to provide support for the contingency of the world and the existence of God, Wolff’s enemies condemned it as Spinozistic. After Wolff, the claim that an infinite chain of causes is impossible became the standard view among both Wolffian and anti-Wolffian metaphysicians.
On the Expressive Limits of Kant’s Universalizability Tests
Authors: Kahn Samuel
Published: June 2021

My goal in this piece is to show that there is a problem lurking in the shadows of recent attempts to derive positive duties from Kant’s so-called universalizability tests and, further, to show that the most obvious way of fixing these attempts renders them unable to fulfill their function. I shall begin by motivating and explaining such an attempt.
‚Warlords‘, Dynastiebildung und Mobilität. Hypothesen zum Problem der ‚Ansiedlung‘
Authors: Meier Mischa
Published: June 2021

Anhand unterschiedlicher Fallbeispiele aus dem 5. Jahrhundert wird gezeigt, dass die Mobilität barbarischer Verbände in der Regel ein temporäres Phänomen darstellte. Der Alterungsprozess der Kerngruppen kriegerischer mobiler Verbände erhöhte mit der Zeit den Druck auf den Anführer, nach Ansiedlungsmöglichkeiten zu suchen. Der Prozess der Ansiedlung selbst überführte den Anführer einer mobilen Kriegergemeinschaft in die neue Rolle eines Herrschers über ein stehendes Heer. Er war mit enormem ökonomischem Aufwand verbunden und führte offenbar dazu, dass die Herrscher sich verstärkt um dynastische Absicherung bemühten, obwohl eine solche während der liminalen Phase des Übergangs in der Regel zum Scheitern tendierte.
Expanding industrial uses of sweetpotato for food security and poverty alleviation
Authors: Adu-Kwarteng Evelyn , Baafi Ernest , Amoa-Owusu Abigail , Okyere Faustina , Carey Edward
Published: June 2021

Sweetpotato breeding over the years solely depended on sensory evaluation for domestic uses, thereby downplaying the need for adjustment of breeding objectives and selection procedures to cater for industrial potential. This study was conducted to evaluate ten elite genotypes of sweetpotato for diversified utilization and commercialization. These genotypes had been selected over the years for high dry matter and starch content according to the preference of Ghanaian consumers. Analyses were carried out on key nutrient components, pasting properties, and starch granule morphology using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy, rapid viscosity analysis, and light microscopy, respectively. Sensory evaluation was carried out using a focus group approach. Based on functional diversity and unique combinations of quality traits identified, the genotypes were found to have several potential applications in the food industry. These include fufu flour, bread, pastries, French fries, gluten-free noodles, yogurt filler, baby food, juices, and raw material for brewery and other industries. These elite genotypes, when released as new varieties, can immensely contribute to a more diversified use of sweetpotato in Ghana and ultimately contribute to the enhancement of food and job security.
Design and characterization of ramie fiber-reinforced composites with flame retardant surface layer including iron oxide and expandable graphite
Authors: Yan Xiaofei , Fang Jie , Zhu Chenkai , Li Jiawei , Qi Dongmin
Published: June 2021

The ramie plain-woven fabric-reinforced epoxy composites with iron oxide (IO) powders and expandable graphite (EG) particles were fabricated by the hand lay-up and vacuum bagging pressing. The flame retardant layers with IO powders and EG particles have been designed on the surface of the composite structure, to improve the composites flame retardancy. The flame retardancy property of the composites was discussed from the limited oxide index (LOI), vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter test, while the flexural property and interlaminar shear strength of the composites were also investigated through the three-point flexural tests, respectively. It was found that the flame retardancy property of the composites, which contains both IO powders and EG particles, can be greatly improved. However, IO powders and EG particles have a negative effect on flexural properties and interlaminar shear strength of the composites. Also, prepreg with IO powders or EG particles which laminated on the surface layer of the composite with different orders would result in different performances.
Combinatorial library design and virtual screening of cryptolepine derivatives against topoisomerase IIA by molecular docking and DFT studies
Authors: Maria  , Khan Zahid , Kuznetsov Aleksey E.
Published: June 2021

Various computational approaches have received ever-growing role in the design of potential inhibitors of the topoisomerase 2 (TOP2A) for cancer treatment. TOP2A plays a key role in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication before cell division and thus facilitates the growth of cells. This TOP2A function can be suppressed by targeting it with potential inhibitors in cancer cells to terminate the uncontrolled cell division. Among potential inhibitors, cryptolepine has higher selectivity along with the ability to intercalate into DNA, effectively blocking TOP2A and ceasing cell division in cancer cells. However, this compound has drawbacks of being nonspecific and possessing relatively low affinity. Therefore, a combinatorial library of 31,114 cryptolepine derivatives was designed and virtually screened by molecular docking to predict the molecular interactions between the cryptolepine derivatives and TOP2A using cryptolepine as a standard. All the binding poses of cryptolepine derivatives for TOP2A were investigated to calculate binding energy. The compounds with the database numbers 8618, 907, 147, 16755, and 8186 scored the highest binding energies, −9.88, −9.76, −9.75, −9.73, and −9.72 kcal/mol, respectively, and the highest binding affinities while the cryptolepine binding energy is −6.09 kcal/mol. The strong binding interactions of these derivatives show that they can be used as potent TOP2A inhibitors and act as more effective anticancer agents than cryptolepine itself. The interactions of these derivatives with different amino acid residues were also observed and analyzed. A comprehensive understanding of the interactions of the proposed derivatives with TOP2A helped for searching more novel and potent drug-like molecules for anticancer therapy. This computational study suggests useful references to understand inhibition mechanisms that will help in the further modifications of TOP2A inhibitors. Moreover, the DFT study of the derivatives with the highest binding energies was performed, helping to further understand the binding affinities of these compounds.
Indirect Estimation of the Development of Capital Productivity in the Regions: The Case of Poland
Authors: Zdražil Pavel , Kraftová Ivana
Published: June 2021

This study introduces a new (adopted) method of indirect estimation of the development of the productivity structure in the regions, which at the same time allows estimation of the contribution resulting from changes within the capital factor. Its theoretical background is built on the principles of growth accounting. Within this framework the study employs an arguable assumption of analogy in development of multifactor productivity of industry between the national and regional level. The literature review and empirical results shows, however, that such an assumption may be correct in some cases. Therefore, the article enhances the existing productivity analysis capabilities at the regional level. Within the aim, this study verifies the potential of applicability of proposed method on the regions of Poland. It uses the measure of symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) to evaluate the accuracy of method proposed against actual values and the results of two other frequently used methods for disaggregation of capital among the regions in a country. The results indicate that the new method should be more accurate than the methods of regional decomposition of capital-based on value added, and flows investment accumulation. In fact, it seems to be quite correct especially in the industries of wholesale & retail trade, transport & storage, real estates, health & social work, and manufacturing. On the other hand, it is likely incorrect in the industries of information & communication activities, finance & insurance, and administrative & support activities. In general, the method seems to be more accurate for larger industries and vice versa. Higher precision is also observed for industries where capital demand is clearly increasing. Similarly, the method is more accurate in industries where none of the regions are more specialized and vice versa.
The Usefulness of Marketing Strategies in a Regulated Market: Evidence from the Spanish Tobacco Market
Authors: Almeida Alejandro , Galiano Aida , Golpe Antonio A. , Martín Álvarez Juan Manuel
Published: June 2021

This paper outlines possible useful marketing strategies for companies to develop in a regulated market. The empirical analysis aims to highlight whether companies can use marketing strategies to create competitive advantages and scale positions in sales leadership once regulation policies are introduced. To this end, we apply two econometric approaches to sales variables for 138 best-selling cigarette brands: the Bass Model (1969) to estimate the parameters that determine the way clients adopt, and the methodology proposed by Hartigan and Wong (1979) for a further cluster analysis that groups brands. The empirical results suggest that restrictions on demand introduced to the Spanish tobacco market during the years 2005 and 2006, have generated a new scenario in which innovation parameters have no effect on the process of adoption. Therefore, the imitation coefficient is the parameter which makes discrimination between brands possible, which demonstrates the existence of heterogeneity among brands based only on recommendation. The results show the inability of direct marketing strategies to create advantages and scale positions in sales leadership after the introduction of regulation policies, however companies have other marketing options such as imitation among clients and these have proven to be effective since imitation shows heterogeneous behaviour among brands across the diffusion process. This has implications that should be taken into account in markets which are on the verge of being regulated, specifically the modification of marketing strategies if the intention is to lead and scale position in a regulated market. In particular, in the case of Spain, policymakers must acknowledge that the measures implemented in law 28/2005 have had an effect on marketing strategies by cancelling, in practical terms, the diffusion of brands based on innovation and homogenizing the diffusion process based on direct marketing.
The GDPR at the Organizational Level: A Comparative Study of Eight European Countries
Authors: Zanker Marek , Bureš Vladimír , Cierniak-Emerych Anna , Nehéz Martin
Published: June 2021

The General Data Protection Regulation, also known as the ‘gold standard’ or the ‘Magna Carta’ of cyber laws, is a European regulation that deals with rights in the area of privacy and focuses on data collection, storage and data processing. This manuscript presents the results of investigation in the business sphere from eight countries of the European Union. The research focused on awareness of the GDPR, costs associated with the GDPR, number of trainings, how data are secured and subjective evaluation. The questionnaire was used for data collection. The results show that the majority of employees concerned about the GDPR are able to define the GDPR correctly (64%). The correct identification of personal data is in 95% of cases. The vast majority of respondents (94%) assign the right to personal data protection to the GDPR. Most employees are trained in the GDPR once (46%) or twice (45%). Subsequently, the differences between these countries in some areas of the questionnaire survey were examined. For this purpose, Welch ANOVA with post-test Tukey HSD or Kruskal-Wallis test were used. As a result, knowledge about the personal data do not vary significantly between the countries. In the area of rights, the countries are not again statistically different. As for the number of security countries, statistics do not differ significantly. The subjective assessment of the GDPR is different across the countries. The GDPR is rated worst by companies in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. On the contrary, the GDPR is best perceived by companies in France and the United Kingdom.
Interdependence, Identity, and China–South Korea Political Relations
Authors: Byun See-Won
Published: June 2021

Research on the relationship between international economic and political relations has produced no consensus on the pacifying effects of trade. Rapid trade growth and enduring tensions characterize post–Cold War Asia’s paradox. This study assesses the political effects of China-centered interdependence based on the China–South Korea case since 1992. Although trade may inhibit conflict in line with liberal expectations, its coercive potential limits its pacifying effects. When disputes arise, asymmetric interdependence generates strategic leverage and vulnerability, and amplifies the identity dimensions of conflict that shape societal preferences. China’s combination of economic pressure and nationalist discourse induces accommodation primarily through coercion. By blending state-led and society-led retaliation, economic and accountability costs are minimized. China–South Korea political interactions have increased in quantity but not quality. The Asian case underscores qualitative changes in political relations (rather than just instances of conflict), the material and nonmaterial repercussions of asymmetric trade, and the regional security implications of China-led interdependence.
Interest Group Politics and Its Transformation in Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Hidehiro
Published: June 2021

The political reforms that have been going on since the 1990s have drastically changed the face of politics in Japan. The most significant of these reforms was the change of government, which brought an end, albeit only once, to the long-standing Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) regime. These changes were expected to change the power structure by altering the contact of interest groups with political elites. I examine this issue based on a longitudinal survey conducted in four rounds between 1997 and 2017.

The results show a robust structure of interest group politics, although the features were weakening. That is, contacts with the LDP and the bureaucracy were sources of political influence for interest groups. The impact of the two-party system and its setbacks are seen in the change in contact with the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). However, The DPJ did not function as a source of interest representation.
Falling Up
Authors: McCallum Clinton
Published: June 2021

This article investigates melodic figures and harmonic sequences that miraculously only step up to illuminate an aesthetic lineage that connects gospel to electronic dance music. It argues that the synth-risers and ever-opening filters of contemporary euphoric rave music like happy-hardcore and uplifting-trance find precedence in compositional devices that made their way into funk/soul and disco/garage from Black gospel music, and that these gospel inventions were derived from the Afro-diasporic ring-shout. Cognitive linguistic and psychoacoustic theories premise an analytical framework for musical representations of endless ascent. Through close readings of representative recordings—a 1927 Pentecostal sermon by Reverend Sister Mary Nelson, James Cleveland’s “Peace Be Still,” Chic’s “Le Freak,” Trussel’s “Love Injection,” and DJ Hixxy’s remix of Paradise's “I See the Light”—the article examines various historical intersections with parlour music, European art music, and modal jazz, and suggests that musical ascent has a non-causal but, nevertheless, objective relationship with a type of spiritual transcendence.