bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is perception probabilistic? Clarifying the definitions
Authors: Rahnev Dobromir , Block Ned , Denison Rachel N. , Jehee Janneke
Published: May 2021

A fundamental question for perception research is what sensory information is available for decision making, or, stated differently, what is the output of perception. One answer that has emerged in the last two decades is that perception is probabilistic, meaning that the brain represents probability distributions over world states. However, despite the apparent simplicity of this statement, there are substantial disagreements on exactly what probabilistic perception is and how it should be tested. In this adversarial collaboration, two proponents (Jehee and Denison) and two skeptics (Rahnev and Block) of probabilistic perception deliberate on the terms of the debate and present arguments for or against the notion that perception is probabilistic. We believe that this collaboration helps clarify the critical issues that need to be considered but that further work is required to reach consensus.
The quest concerning scientific values, principles, and responsibilities
Authors: Aarts Alexander A.
Published: May 2021

I recently came across a blog post (Geher, 2020) mentioning the troubles some scientists had in publishing their paper in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. The paper in question (Geher et al., 2020) described a study about academic values in higher education. As a result of coming to know of this paper, I started to wonder what “academic values” even are, and what they could, or perhaps even should, be. This pondering was further strengthened by remembering that I had been looking for papers about what scientific values, principles, and responsibilities could, or should, be a while ago, and not finding a whole lot except a single paper by Popper (1971). The combination of this, and some lingering thoughts I had, led me to think about this all some more. I reasoned a search for thoughts, ideas, and papers about these types of issues could 1) possibly be a useful, interesting, and/or amusing approach to writing a manuscript about this all, and 2) the possible results of such a quest, and writing of a manuscript, could possibly be of some use in further discussing, thinking, and writing about these matters.
SalemGarcia_2021
Authors: Garcia Nahuel Antonio Salem , Palminteri Stefano , Lebreton Maël
Published: May 2021

We systematically misjudge our own performance in simple economic tasks. First, we generally overestimate our ability to make correct choices – a bias called overconfidence. Second, we are more confident in our choices when we seek gains than when we try to avoid losses – a bias we refer to as the valence-induced confidence bias. Strikingly, these two biases are also present in reinforcement-learning contexts, despite the fact that outcomes are provided trial-by-trial and could, in principle, be used to recalibrate confidence judgments online. How confidence biases emerge and are maintained in reinforcement-learning contexts is thus puzzling and still unaccounted for. To explain this paradox, we propose that confidence biases stem from learning biases, and test this hypothesis using data from five experiments, where we concomitantly assessed instrumental choices and confidence judgments, during learning and transfer phases. Our results first show that participants’ choices in both tasks are best accounted for by a reinforcement-learning model featuring context-dependent learning and confirmatory update. We then demonstrate that the complex, biased pattern of confidence judgments elicited during both tasks can be explained by an overweighting of the learned value of the chosen option in the computation of confidence judgments. We finally show that, consequently, the individual learning-model parameters responsible for the learning biases – confirmatory updating and outcome context-dependency – are predictive of the individual metacognitive biases. We conclude suggesting that the metacognitive biases originate from fundamentally biased learning computations.
Preliminary results on narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) seed entomofauna in Croatia
Authors: Kranjec Orlović Jelena , Bulovec Ida , Hrašovec Boris , Diminić Danko , Biliškov Marin , Skejo Josip , Franjević Damjan , Franjević Milivoj
Published: May 2021

Native narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) and introduced green ash (F. pennsylvanica Marshall) are two most common ash (Fraxinus spp.) species in Croatian lowland forests, taking a significant place in these ecosystems. In the recent past it has been observed that narrow-leaved ash seed yields have reduced, emphasising the importance of good health status of those collected, as they are used for seedling production and consecutive regeneration of forest stands or afforestation. Given that insects could be an important factor affecting ash seed health status, the aim of this research was to gain insight into the species being present and their frequency in the ash seeds. In total 2.500 narrow-leaved ash and 1.000 green ash seeds from seven different locations were screened for insect presence. Analysed seeds were categorized as undamaged, insect damaged or empty, and observed insect specimens were identified by morphological and molecular genetic analysis. Green ash seeds revealed higher insect infestation in comparison with native ash species, with weevil Lygniodes bischoffii being the most numerous pest found. Narrow-leaved ash seeds were mostly occupied by the native weevil species, L. enucleator. Besides these pests, larval, pupal, and adult stages of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) and larval stage of the seed eating moth Pseudargyrotoza conwagana (Lepidoptera) were found in both ash species. However, given that pests detected in this study prefer urban areas or were present in a very small number of seeds, where they were often followed by parasitoids, it can be concluded that insects currently do not have a significant negative impact on the reproduction of narrow-leaved ash and green ash in forest stands.
Assesment of trap color and trap height above the ground on the capture of Ips sexdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius
Authors: Akkuzu Erol , Şahin Mustafa , Ugiş Abdullah , Bal Ebru
Published: May 2021

The six-toothed pine bark beetle Ips sexdentatus is one of the most devastating bark beetles of Eurasian pine forests. Pheromone traps are used to monitor and control Ips sexdentatus populations. In this study, the effect of trap color and trap height on the capture of Ips exdentatus and its predator the ant beetle Thanasimus formicarius was investigated. The research was conducted in Pinus sylvestris stands within Yayla Forest Enterprise Chief (Kastamonu-Daday) in Turkey. In the study area, 25 Scandinavian type three-funnel traps of 5 different colors (yellow, white, green, black, and red traps with five replications) were used. Traps were placed at the same height, 1.5 m above ground. For the second part of the study, a total of 20 traps (5 per height category) was placed 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, and 2.5 m above ground. Traps were controlled at intervals of 7-10 days and captured Ips exdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius were counted. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Significant differences in the number of captures by trap color, and 2) No significant differences in the numbers of Ips sexdentatus and Thanasimus formicarius captured between the trap heights.
The Role of Multimodality during the Negotiation of Meaning in an English/Spanish eTandem Video-Conferencing Exchange
Authors: Arellano-Soto German , Parks Susan
Published: May 2021

Les auteurs rendent compte de la façon dont les participants à un échange anglais-espagnol en tandem virtuel par vidéoconférence ont utilisé les possibilités offertes par la plateforme WebEx à titre de ressources multimodales en situation de négociation du sens. L’échange faisait intervenir cinq dyades d’étudiants universitaires ayant un niveau intermédiaire de compétence linguistique. Au total, sept tâches ont été réalisées dans chaque langue. L’analyse de la transcription de l’interaction a permis de dénombrer 915 épisodes mettant l’accent sur la forme (FFE — focus-on-form). Une analyse plus poussée des FFE a révélé que six types de ressources multimodales entraient en jeu au cours du processus de négociation : le clavardage, les images, l’ardoise blanche, la traduction électronique, la webcaméra et le dictionnaire papier. Parmi ces ressources, les plus fréquemment utilisées étaient le clavardage (comptant pour plus de la moitié de l’ensemble des FFE), les images et l’ardoise blanche. Bien que l’importance des ressources multimodales au cours de la négociation du sens ait été établie dans de précédentes études, les auteurs confirment ici la fréquence du recours à une combinaison de ressources, données statistiques à l’appui. À la différence des études précédentes, qui ont principalement porté sur Skype, la présente étude fait ressortir en quoi les possibilités accrues de la plateforme WebEx améliorent l’aptitude des participants à négocier le sens, particulièrement en ce qui se rapporte au clavardage, à la propriété du document partagé facilitant l’utilisation des images et à l’ardoise blanche pour les dessins. Bien que leur appréciation de la webcaméra ait été modérée pour ce qui a trait à l’apprentissage de la langue en soi, les participants en ont reconnu l’importance au niveau socioaffectif comme mécanisme permettant d’établir une présence sociale et de créer un lien avec leurs partenaires.
Examining the Role of Structured Debriefing in Simulator-Based Clinical Skills Training for Namibian Veterinary Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Schlesinger Samira L. , Dahlberg Maya , Heuwieser Wolfgang , Fischer-Tenhagen Carola
Published: May 2021

Post-event debriefing has been described as an effective tool in improving learning achievements in simulator-based teaching. This article examines the effect of structured post-event debriefing sessions in simulator-based veterinary clinical skills training. Nineteen Namibian veterinary students took part in instructor-led practice, self-directed practice with structured post-event debriefing and self-directed practice without debriefing (control) at three different learning stations in a veterinary clinical skills laboratory. Students evaluated their practice experience using Likert-type scales, and learning achievements were assessed using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The results show that the choice of practice model had no significant effect on learning achievements overall. However, at individual learning stations, different practice models showed significant differences regarding effect on learning achievements. Students generally preferred practice sessions with some form of instructor involvement but the importance of instructor guidance was rated differently at each individual learning station.
Assessing the Educational Value of a Zoo Placement for Veterinary Students: A Report on Student Feedback and Perceptions
Authors: Liptovszky Mátyás , Dobbs Phillipa , Moittie Sophie , White Kate , Targett Mike , Strong Victoria
Published: May 2021

Zoological medicine is an expanding field with limited practical training opportunities for veterinary students. Those training programs that do exist require significant financial and resource investment by both veterinary schools and the zoological organizations involved. This article summarizes the findings of a retrospective survey of students carried out to ascertain the educational value of a compulsory 5-day-long zoo clinical placement for final-year veterinary students. We aimed to explore the placement’s potential impact on students’ knowledge and attitudes toward zoological medicine and the role of modern zoos and conservation. Data were collected by means of an end-of-placement questionnaire ( N = 200) and statistically analyzed for pre- versus post-placement changes and the effect of pre-placement interest and experience on student responses. Despite the placement’s short time frame and lack of opportunity for in-depth comprehensive training in zoological medicine, students reported that the placement had a positive educational impact. More than 90% of students stated that their understanding about modern zoos was good or excellent at the end of the placement (compared with 35.0% before the placement), and 43.0% reported that the placement had a positive impact on their attitudes toward zoos. Students self-reported an increased understanding of the work of zoo clinicians, and there was a highly significant positive change in the students’ reported opinions regarding wildlife conservation in general. We provide preliminary evidence to suggest that even short-duration but immersive zoo-based practical training has positive educational value for veterinary students.
Intersectionality and Empathy in Afrofuturist Feminist Dystopian Narratives
Authors: Gartner Lindsey
Published: May 2021

This article analyzes dystopian fiction’s representation, critique, and attempted rectification of oppressive social structures related to violence against women, black motherhood, and (dis)ability. The 1990s novels Parable of the Sower by Octavia Butler and Brown Girl in the Ring by Nalo Hopkinson represent what dystopian critics call “patriarchy on steroids.”. Drawing on feminist narrative theory and Afrofuturism theory, this article extends the scholarly discussion of feminist elements in both texts by analyzing representations of physical and sexual violence, which critics have largely overlooked, and the intersectional representation of black motherhood. Although Butler and Hopkinson depict violence against women and black motherhood in different ways and use different narrative techniques, both offer amplified reflections of the real-world intersectional and diverse experiences of women. Butler’s and Hopkinson’s young female protagonists challenge the societal oppressions and inequities they face through empathic reasoning: Butler’s Lauren reframes her embodied hyperempathy (dis)ability as a gift, enabling her to found an equitable community amidst violent social collapse, and Hopkinson’s Ti-Jeanne reframes her temporary zombification as an opportunity to empathize with other characters’ trauma, enabling her to defeat the violent gang leader Rudy. Lauren and Ti-Jeanne thereby imagine new positions for themselves and for women in general.
Invent a safe Anti Needle stick Protector Device
Authors: karbord Asghar , Masoud Mahmoudi Mohammad , Jafari Yeganeh Amirhossein , Ghadamabadi Parastoo , Mahmoudi Mahyar
Published: May 2021

Background: Needle sticks and suffering from it, is one of the biggest problems for hospitals and medical staff. Needle stick can cause pathogen and sometimes disease transmission. The aim of this study is working on approaches for preventing needle stick. Methods: This project started with a new researcher idea then by searching in the scientific content of articles and book, the title and proposal the project was compiled with opinion of the supervisor. Then model of the device was designed in collaboration with graphic & mechanical engineers Fianccy. The main tool was invented by the researcher. Results: Results of this study and other surveys can be one of the most effective ways to prevent needle stick. Also using safe protectors can decrease it significantly. Besides, modifying the preventive policies such as producing instruments like anti needle stick protectors is recommended.
Characterization of Patients with Inguinal Hernia Ambulatory Surgical Treatment
Authors: Rodrìguez Pedro
Published: May 2021

Introduction: the surgical treatment of inguinal hernia has increased in the last decade and its prevalence is not known. Objective: Characterization of patients with inguinal hernia ambulatory surgical treatment. Methods: an observational, descriptive and prospective study of 972 patients with the diagnosis of inguinal hernia was performed, which were operated on an outpatient basis in the General Teaching Hospital "Enrique Cabrera" since January. From 2009 to December 2020. Emergency operated patients were excluded. Results: the highest incidence of inguinal hernia was found between the ages of 60 and 80 years. Indirect right inguinal hernia appeared more frequently. Desarda's anatomic surgical technique was the most applied in 410 (42,1%) of the cases and Lichtenstein's hernioplasty with 224 (23.0%) followed in frequency. There was a total of 5 (0.5%) recurrences. Local anesthesia was applied in 828 (85.2%) of the patients, on an outpatient basis they were 100%. The total complications were 42 (4.3%). Conclusions: surgical treatment of inguinal hernia on an outpatient basis is an appropriate process. It creates comfort in patients, decreases the risk of hospital infection, and reduces waiting lists and hospital costs.
Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Pendeteksi Fibrilasi Atrium (FA) Portabel Rendah-Biaya
Authors: Bangsa Insani Abadi , Kasasiah Ahsanal
Published: May 2021

Perekam EKG konvensional yang terdapat pada rumah sakit dan instansi kesehatan lainnya berharga mahal dan memiliki ukuran yang besar. Hal ini menyebabkan mesin EKG tidak dapat digunakan untuk melakukan monitoring keadaan pasien untuk waktu yang lama, misalnya 12–24 jam. Padahal, beberapa penyakit kardiovaskular seperti fibrilasi atrium (FA) hanya memperlihatkan simtom secara acak dan jarang sehingga sangat kecil kemungkinan penyakit dapat terdeteksi pada saat dilakukan pengecekan EKG di rumah sakit. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendeteksi fibrilasi atrium (FA) yang bersifat portabel. Sistem dirancang dan diimplementasikan menggunakan dua mikrokontroler, yaitu Arduino Uno dan Raspberry Pi. Pendeteksian FA dilakukan menggunakan Teager Energy Operator (TEO).Kata Kunci: fibrilasi atrium, elektrokardiogram, teager energy operator
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu Kalsinasi pada Sifat Optik ZrO2 Hasil Ekstraksi Pasir Zirkon Alam
Authors: Lisdawati Ayu Novia , Karim Saiful
Published: May 2021

Telah dilakukan karakterisasi sifat optik ZrO2 menggunakan instrumen spektrofotometer UV-Vis, terdapat empat sampel serbuk ZrO2 berasal dari pasir zircon alam yang disintesis menggunakan metode alkali fusion dan kopresipitasi dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 575°C, 625°C, 675°C, 725°C dengan waktu penahanan 4 jam. Karakterisasi ini melihat pengaruh suhu kalsinasi pada sifat optik  ZrO2, dengan meningkatnya suhu kalsinasi dari 575°C sampai dengan 725°C, sifat optik dari ZrO2 yaitu nilai energi gapnya cenderung meningkat. Nilai panjang gelombang dan energi gap dari masing-masing suhu kalsinasi 575°C, 625°C, 675°C, 725°C berturut-turut adalah 278 nm dan 4,22 eV, 276 nm dan 4,25 eV, 275 nm dan 4,26 eV, 274 nm dan 4,28 eV. Kata kunci : energi gap,  kalsinasi, Sifat Optik, ZrO2
Modul Step Up Untuk Modem Indihome Menggunakan Arduino Nano Dan Sensor Arus Ina219
Authors: Pranata Vherda Rifqi
Published: May 2021

Semenjak menggunakan aplikasi my indihome, teknisi sering mengalami kendala saat pengaktifan modem indihome. Pada skripsi ini, penulis akan membuat alat untuk mempercepat instalasi indihome di rumah pelanggan dengan kabel step up menggunakan Arduino Nano. Alat ini digunakan sebagai pengganti power supply atau adaptor yang harus dihubungan ke sumber listrik. Karena proses instalasi pemasangan indihome yang harus memakan banyak waktu dan jarak yang jauh, maka alat ini dibuat agar waktu yang digunakan teknisi saat mengaktifkan modem bisa bersamaan dengan selesainya instalasi pemasangan dirumah pelanggan dan alat yang dibuat dapat membaca arus dan tegangan untuk modem dengan cara menaikan tegangan dari inputan power bank dari 5V ke 12V sesuai dengan kebutuhan tegangan dari modem. Sensor INA219 akan membaca apakah tegangan dan arus apakah akan sesuai dengan tegangan yang dibutuhan modem. Keluaran 5V dari power Bank kemudian akan dinaikan oleh modul step up ke 12V. Hasil keluaran tegangan dan arus dari alat tersebut akandi baca oleh sensor untuk menampilkan hasil keluaran dari tegangan dan arus dari modul tersebut. Sehingga dapat dilihat oleh teknisi bahwa tegangan tersebut sesuai dengan kebutuhan modem yang akan di pasang.  Kata Kunci: Powerbank, Arduino Nano, Sensor Arus INA219, LCD
Penentuan Titik Lokasi Gangguan Menggunakan Simulasi Short Circuit Etap Untuk Mempercepat Recovery Time Di PT. PLN (Persero) Ulp Palangka Raya Barat
Authors: Puspayanti Peny
Published: May 2021

Listrik dihasilkan dari pembangkit listrik yang kemudian ditransmisikan melalui jaringan transmisi lalu didistribsikan ke konesumen untuk dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan seharihari. Proses penyaluran ini tidak lepas dari gangguan yang timbul akibat dari faktor bahan/jenis penghantar dan faktor jarak. Gangguan yang biasa timbul pada proses penyaluran adalah gangguan hubung singkat. Gangguan hubung singkat terdiri dari 4 jenis, yaitu gangguan hubung singkat 3 fasa, gangguan hubung singkat satu fasa ke tanah, gangguan hubung singkat ganda, dan gangguan hubung singkat ganda ke tanah. Gangguan yang terjadi ini harus ditemukan secara cepat untuk pemulihan recovery time, semakin panjang penyulang yang dimiliki, semakin lama juga upaya recovery time. PT. PLN UP3 Palangkaraya memiliki panjang jaringan 3.839 kms, sehingga apabila terjadi gangguan dibutuhkan waktu recovery time yang lama. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mempercepat recovery time  dan mengurangi ENS (energy not sale) saat terjadi gangguan yaitu melakukan analisa pencarian titik lokasi gangguan berdasarkan record gangguan yang terjadi dan simulasi short cicuit ETAP. Metode yang digunakan adalah dimulai dari pengumpulan data dan informasi record gangguan, membuat single line diagram pada ETAP 12.6, melakukan pengecekan dengan simulasi load flow, melakukan simulasi short circuit analysis, melakukan analisa titik lokasi gangguan dan kesimpulan.                                                Kata Kunci : record gangguan, simulasi short circuit ETAP, recovery time
Pengaruh Manuver Jaringan Distribusi 20 Kv Terhadap Indeks Keandalan Penyulang BT07 Batulicin
Authors: Ode Alif Karnandi , Faridha Moethia
Published: May 2021

Keandalan suatu sistem tenaga listrik berkaitan dengan kualitas, kontinuitas penyaluran dayanya. Penyaluran daya listrik ditandai dengan pasokan daya yang terus menerus atau meminimalisir pemadaman. Salah satu yang berpengaruh di dalam kontinyuitas penyaluran daya listrik adalah pemilihan jenis konfigurasi jaringan. Konfigurasi Radial yang sederhana diangap tidak dapat memenuhi keandalan suatu sistem distribusi oleh karena itu dibuat bentuk variasinya berupa Konfigurasi Loop (SPLN No.59 Tahun 1985). Konfigurasi Loop merupakan gabungan dari dua buah struktur jaringan radial, dimana pada ujung dari dua buah jaringan di pasang sebuah saklar (switch) berupa Motorized atau LBS.Manuver jaringan kegiatan rekayasa jaringan terhadap operasi normal dari akibat gangguan/pekerjaan jaringan sehingga tercapainya kondisi penyaluran tenaga listrik yang maksimal. Di dalam melakukan manuver jaringan perlu diperhatikan kapasitas peralatan jaringan berkaitan dengan beban maksimal yang dapat dipikul, seperti PMT dan Recloser. Untuk melakukan manuver direkomendasikan memilih penyulang dengan rugi saluran paling kecil sehingga daerah padam dapat diminimalisir namun kualitas listrik tetap dapat dipertahankan. Bagi penyulang BTL07 terdapat alternatif berbeda untuk setiap kondisi section yang padam. Jika section yang berada pada zona 1 atau daerah sepanjang PMT hingga Recloser pertama padam, urutan altenatif manuvernya melalui penyulang BTL01 dan BTL05. Sedangkan jika zona 2 padam, urutan altenatif manuvernya melalui penyulang PLJ01 dan PLJ02. Sehingga diperlukan proses backup penyulang BTL07 terhadap penyulang lain dan pengaruh manuver penyulang BTL07 pada perkembangan jaringan distribusi 20 kV dan keandalan jaringan distribusi terhadap gangguan yang dihitung dari Indeks saidi saifi, losses maupun ENS (Energy Not Served).Sistem loop sebagai uji coba yang mempertemukan beberapa penyulang melalui titik key point Motorized maupun Recloser dengan penyulang BTL07 saat dilakukan simulasi dapat menanggung pelimpahan beban yang diberikan oleh penyulang BTL07 yang mencapai hingga 8.6 MW meyebabkan kenaikan jarak penyuplaian dari 41.6 kms menjadi 66.7 Kms dengan drop tegangan yang terjadi maksimal penurunan 1 KV dengan tegangan supplai dari GI Batulicin telah dinaikan menjadi 21 KV, hal ini dilakukan untuk menjaga standar kestabilan tegangan ujung. Kata Kunci: Konfiurasi Jaringan, Indeks Keandalan
REQUIREMENTS FOR CREATING A COMPUTER PRESENTATION FOR TEACHING COURSANTS IN FOREIGN VOCABULARY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIP THINKING
Authors: Lyubimtseva V. , Budnikova О.
Published: May 2021

During the development and introduction of information technologies and new technical means of training in the educational process, it is necessary to revise the traditional methods of training, especially in military universities, where the training of cadets is associated with service. The use of computer presentations based on the features of clip thinking in foreign language classes will help to optimize and make learning more effective.
TECHNICAL STAGE OF THE METHODOLOGY OF FORMATION OF READINESS FOR ART COMMUNICATION AS A BASIS OF GOOD PERFORMANCE TECHNIQUE OF JUNIOR SCHOOL PERSONS OF THE VIOLIN ENSEMBLE
Authors: Kurlapov М.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses important issues of ensemble interaction, provides specific examples of games and tasks to improve the performing technique, mutual understanding and coherence.
INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF MYKOPLASMA AND CHLAMIDIA ETIOLOGY IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE
Authors: Mahmudov A. , Andreeva N.
Published: May 2021

Materials presented in the article show the effect of chlamydia and mycoplasmosis on the reproductive health of women and the general epidemiological situation in. In research was selected 104 clinical cases of patients aged 18 to 45 years, examined from January to December 2019, which showed that the rate of increase in cases of chlamydial and mycoplasma infections is disappointing. Timely diagnosis is difficult due to the specificity of the disease, this adversely affects the fertility of women of reproductive age. Chlamydia more often cause irreversible changes in the internal genital organs of a woman, mycoplasmas affect more people, this is a big problem for married couples.
AGRICULTURAL SOURCES (ANIMAL HUSBANDRY) OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NAKHCHIVAN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Fatullayev P. , Mammadov I. , Mammadova G.
Published: May 2021

The agricultural sector is of particular importance not only for ensuring food safety, but also for maintaining an ecological balance. The result of the rapid development of human activity over the past century in all areas of the economy has been a negative attitude towards the environment and overexploitation of natural resources. As in most countries, the Republic of Azerbaijan attaches great importance to solving the problems of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. Agricultural production is basically a way of using nature to obtain crops and livestock products. The links between agriculture and nature are varied and complex. It must take care of nature, otherwise it will not be able to maintain the level of production and ensure the quality of products. And yet, most importantly, it will not be able to maintain the health of the population.
THE CONTRAST METHOD IN THE TRAINING OF DOMRIST
Authors: Zabavskaya E.
Published: May 2021

Domra is a musical instrument that is actively and productively developing today. In Russia, folk instruments are represented in every region in the leading music universities of the country, and are also developed to such an extent that they are ready to compete with the leading academic instruments.
INFLUENCE OF FAMILY CONFLICTS ON COGNITIVE-STYLE FEATURES OF RELATIONSHIP OF SPOUSES
Authors: Rodermel Т.
Published: May 2021

Families or married couples in constant conflict situations and problematic relationships.Our project involved couples who had many problem situations in relation to their spouse. The nature of conflict situations lies in the infantile position of one of the parties, as well as a dismissive attitude towards the problem in the family. You can see the relationship between the structure of the personality and the strategy of behavior in problem situations of marriage partners. Also, in the emergence and development of marital conflicts, the personal characteristics of spouses and the distribution of intra-family roles play an important role. It was found that conflicting married couples, in contrast to non-conflict ones, have differences in their views and understanding of common human and family problems.
METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING PROFESSIONAL INTERACTION OF PARTICIPANTS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Bulgakov А. , Bulgakova Е. , Grebennikov Y. , Orlova Е.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the applied aspects of the actual and insufficiently developed problem of optimizing the professional interaction of participants in criminal proceedings, the solution of which is to develop a technology of psychological support of professional interaction in order to increase the effectiveness of joint activities of members of various professional groups involved in the investigation of crimes. Professional interaction of participants in criminal proceedings is understood by the authors as a complex psychological structure that includes ambivalent values and philosophical and functional aspects of professional inter-group relations, inter-group conflict, inter-group adaptation of members of professional groups with their own professional skills and manifested by psychological mechanisms of inter-group interaction. Based on the identified problem areas during the psychological analysis of the experience of police officers, a program of targeted psychological support and optimization of professional interaction of participants in criminal proceedings in real conditions was justified and developed, taking into account the available resources and modern approaches in the field of psychology.
SUBCULTURE OF CHILDHOOD IN MODERN NETWORK SPACE: PROBLEMIC FIELD OF RESEARCH
Authors: Karabanov A.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the phenomenon of the subculture of childhood in the modern network space using the example of several domestic and foreign social networks, resources and platforms. The relationship between the subculture of childhood and the dominant culture is analyzed. It also substantiates the modification of the teenager's leisure culture, its blurring in the network space. Considering popular social networks and services, the nature and format of participation in them of adolescent groups of the population, the linguistic code they use, as well as the educational potential of these network resources are analyzed. Comparative analysis of "adult" and "teenage" network communities is carried out on specific examples.
Effects of Various Training Techniques on Bat Velocity of High School Baseball Players
Authors: Crocker Ethan R. , Dow Madeline L. , Kraft Gina Leigh
Published: May 2021

Faster bat speed allows a baseball or softball player more time to decide how to hit the ball and provides more transfer of momentum to the ball (Nathan, 2003; Syzmanski, DeRenne, Spaniol, 2009). Purpose: This paper examines the effectiveness of three training strategies for improving bat speed among high school baseball players. Methods: Nine high school students were recruited and separated into 3 groups using different training implements. A standard bat (29 oz.), a weighted bat (45 oz.), and Therabands attached to a standard bat were used over a 3-week training program. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Results: The standard bat group experienced no change in bat speed (± 0.89), while the weighted bat group increased by 1.9 ± 0.46 mph and the Theraband group improved by 3.1 ± 0.38 mph. The only significant difference was in the change in bat speed between the Theraband group and the standard bat group (p = .022). All other data were non-significant. Conclusions: Attaching Therabands to a standard bat may be an effective training tool to improve bat speed.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ridwan Yuliana Husniati , Zuhdi Muhammad , Kosim Kosim , Sahidu Hairunnisyah
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPerkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi semakin mendorong upaya-upaya pembaharuan dalam pemanfaatan hasil-hasil teknologi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Pengembangan media yang dilakukan berupa pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis model problem based learning. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis model problem based learning yang valid, efektif dan efisien untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif fisika peserta didik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu RnD (Research and Development), dengan desain menggunakan model 4D. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap diantaranya validasi ahli, uji coba terbatas dan angket respon peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media interaktif berbasis model problem based learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif fisika peserta didik valid, efektif dan efisien digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kata kunci: media interaktif; problem based learning; kemampuan berpikir kreatif fisika ABSTRACTThe development of science and technology encourages refrom effort in the utilization of the results of technology in improving the quality of learning. Media development carried out in the form learning media development based on problem based learning models. The purpose of this study is to produce interactive learning media based on problem based learning models that are valid, effective and efficient to improve students’ creative thinking skills in physics. The research method used is RnD (Research and Development), with design using the 4D model. Data collection was carried out in several stages including expert validation, limited trials and student questionnaires. The result showed tha interactive media based on problem based learning models to improve students’ creative thinking skills in physics were valid, effective and efficient to use in learning. Keywords: interactive media; problem based learning; creative thinking skills in physics
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS GUIDED INQUIRY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Triandini Widya , Kosim Kosim , Gunada I Wayan
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa modul fisika berbasis guided inquiry yang layak, efektif, dan praktis. Kelayakan modul ditinjau dari validasi modul yang selanjutnya digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah model 4D yang terdiri dari define, design, develop dan disseminate. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar validasi, instrumen tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan angket respon peserta didik terhadap modul. Data validitas dianalisis dengan menentukan CVI oleh validator ahli. Hasil analisis CVI modul fisika berbasis guided inquiry oleh dosen ahli sebesar 0,99 yang termasuk kategori sangat baik, sedangkan hasil analisis CVI oleh praktisi sebesar 0,89 yang termasuk kategori sangat baik. Data pretest dan posttest dianalisis untuk menentukan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik melalui uji n-gain. Hasil analisis data diperoleh rata-rata n-gain sebesar 0,44 dengan kategori sedang yang menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis angket respon peserta didik terhadap modul menunjukkan kriteria positif dengan perolehan rerata sebesar 76,9%. Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan sangat layak, efektif, dan praktis digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kata kunci: modul, guided inquiry, berpikir kritis. ABSTRACTThis study aims to produce a product in the form of a physics module based on guided inquiry that is feasible, effective, and practica used. The feasibility of the module is viewed from the module validation which is then used to improve students' critical thinking skills. The research design used is the 4D model which consists of define, design, develop, and disseminate. Data collection techniques used validation sheets, critical thinking skills test instruments, and student response questionnaires to the module. Validity data were analyzed by determining CVI by expert validators. The results of the CVI analysis on the product by expert lecturers were 0.99 which was in the very good category, while the results of the CVI analysis by practitioners were 0.89 which was in the very good category. The pretest and posttest data were analyzed to determine the increase in students' critical thinking skills through the n-gain test. The results of data analysis obtained an average n-gain of 0.44 in the medium category which indicates an increase in critical thinking abilities. Based on the results of the questionnaire analysis, the responses of students to the module showed positive criteria with an average acquisition of 76.9%. These results can be concluded that the product developed is very feasible, effective, and practical to use in learning. Keywords: module, guided inquiry, critical thinking.
PENGARUH MINAT DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN KESIAPAN BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA SMAN 1 SUKOMORO
Authors: Sapbrina Chindy Beauty , Bektiarso Singgih , Prastowo Sri Handono Budi
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKPrestasi siswa dalam pelajaran fisika rendah, hal ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya aktivitas dan kesiapan belajar. Aktivitas dan kesiapan belajar dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal seperti  minat dan motivasi,  penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh minat belajar dan motivasi belajar terhadap aktivitas dan kesiapan belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif, dengan desain penelitian kausal konfirmatori yang bertujuan untuk menguji hipotesis sebab akibat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Sukomoro dengan polulasi seluruh siswa kelas X, XI dan XII IPA sebanyak 327 siswa, dengan jumlah sampel 179 siswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dengan dengan tingkat keakuratan 95% dan batas toleransi 5%, instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket dengan skala likert. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis SEM. Hasil analisis deskiptif menunjukan bahwa minat belajar, motivasi belajar, aktivitas belajar dan kesiapan belajar siswa berada pada kategori sedang. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan minat belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar, minat belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan belajar, motivasi belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aktivitas belajar, motivasi belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan belajar. Kata kunci: aktivitas belajar; kesiapan belajar; minat belajar; motivasi belajar ABSTRACTStudent achievement in physics lessons is low, this is due to low activity and learning readiness. Activities and learning readiness are influenced by internal and external factors such as interest and motivation. This study aims to determine the effect of learning interest and learning motivation on activities and learning readiness. This research is a type of quantitative research, with a confirmatory causal research design that aims to test the causal hypothesis. The research was conducted at SMAN 1 Sukomoro with a total population of 327 students of class X, XI and XII IPA, with a total sample of 179 students. Sampling using the Slovin formula with an accuracy level of 95% and a tolerance limit of 5%, the instrument used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and SEM analysis. The results of descriptive analysis show that interest in learning, learning motivation, learning activities and student readiness are in the medium category. SEM analysis results show that learning interest has a significant effect on learning activities, learning interest has a significant effect on learning readiness, learning motivation has a significant effect on learning activities, learning motivation has a significant effect on learning readiness. Keywords: learning activities; learning readiness; interest in learning; learning motivation
TINJAUAN LITERATUR PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI (HOTS) FISIKA DI SMA
Authors: Desiriah Eka , Setyarsih Woro
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKKemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (HOTS) merupakan kemampuan peserta didik dalam menginterpretasikan pengetahuannya dalam menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan melalui proses analisis, evaluasi hingga menciptakan ide dari permasalahan yang di sajikan. Kajian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengembangan instrumen penilaian kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) Fisika di SMA. Penelitian review ini menggunakan metode bibliometrik dan pendekatan kualitatif dalam mengkaji jurnal pada tahun 2016-2020. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan instrumen HOTS dilakukan berdasarkan pada tuntutan dari abad ke-21 dan hasil survey yang dilakukan oleh PISA dan TIMMS. Salah satu bentuk penilaian yang dikembangkan adalah soal tes dengan tipe instrumen pilihan ganda, pilihan ganda beralasan dan uraian. Soal tes yang dikembangkan memperhatikan ciri-ciri HOTS seperti memperhatikan indikator-indikator HOTS, KKO, permasalahan fisika dan stimulus, serta taksonomi bloom. Materi yang banyak dikembangkan yaitu suhu dan kalor, getaran harmonis, fluida statis dan dinamis. Metode yang sering digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah metode R&D dari Brog and Gall, metode 4D, metode deskriptif kualitatif, dan metode ADDIE. Instrumen HOTS dilakukan proses uji dan analisis kelayakan diantaranya yaitu uji kevalidan dari validator, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji tingkat kesukaran, uji daya beda, analisis model Rasch, analisis dengan formula Alpha Cronbach dan uji pengecoh soal. Kata kunci: pengembangan instrument penilaian; kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi; Fisika; SMA. ABSTRACTHigh Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) is ability of students to interpret their knowledge in solving problems through process of analysis, evaluation to create ideas from the problems presented. This study aims to identify the development of HOTS assessment instruments for high school physics. This review research uses  bibliometric method and  qualitative approach to reviewing journals in 2016-2020. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the development HOTS instrument based on the demands of the 21st century and the survey results by PISA and TIMMS. The  type of assessment instrument that developed is test item with multiple choice, reasoning multiple choice, and essay. To developed test questions must regard to HOTS characteristics such as HOTS indicators, KKO, physics problems, stimulation, and bloom taxonomy. The most materials that developed are temperature and heat, harmonic vibration, static and dynamic fluids. The methods that often used is R & D method from Brog and Gall, 4D stage, qualitative descriptive and ADDIE. HOTS instrument will be test process and feasibility analysis including expert validation, validity,reliability, difficulty level, item discrimination analysis, Rasch model analysis, Cronbach Alpha formula analysis and item distractor analysis. Keywords: development assessment instrument; high order thinking skill; physics; senior high school.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia, Penerapan Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Desa, dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Desa (Studi Pada Perangkat Desa Se Kecamatan Banjaran Kabupaten Majalengka)
Authors: Kusumadewi R. Neny
Published: May 2021

This study aims to see the effect of Human Resource Competence, Implementationof Financial Accounting Systems, Utilization of Information Technology on the Quality ofVillage Financial Reports in Banjaran District, Majalengka Regency. The research methodused a survey method with descriptive and verification approaches. The population in thisstudy was the village apparatus of the Banjaran District with a total sample of 65respondents. The data analysis used in this study is the classical assumption test, multiplelinear regression analysis, the coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing, namelythe partial test (t test) and simultaneous test (F test). The results of the study partially showthat Human Resource Competence does not have a significant effect on Village FinancialStatements, while the Implementation of Village Financial Accounting Systems andUtilization of Information Technology partially have a significant effect on the Quality ofVillage Financial Reports. Simultaneous testing shows that Human Resource Competence,Implementation of Village Financial Accounting Systems and Utilization of InformationTechnology have a significant effect on the Quality of Village Financial Reports.
Sich der pädagogischen Handlungsfähigkeit vergewissern: Autorisierungen im Unterricht
Authors: Merl Thorsten
Published: May 2021

Autorität bezeichnet ein anerkanntes Führungsverhältnis, dessen Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung konstitutiv ungewiss, zugleich aber für pädagogisches Handeln im Unterricht unumgänglich ist. Professionelles Handeln von Lehrkräften steht entsprechend vor der Notwendigkeit, sich der immer nur vorübergehenden Anerkennung des Führungsverhältnisses zu vergewissern. Der Beitrag beleuchtet, wie Autorität im Unterricht beansprucht wird und wie damit Gewissheit hinsichtlich der pädagogischen Handlungsfähigkeit herzustellen versucht wird. Dafür wird eine performativitätstheoretische Perspektive auf Autorität, als eine sich qua Anerkennung vollziehende Autorisierung, eingenommen und empirisch der Anfang des Unterrichts fokussiert. Die Analysen zeigen unterschiedliche Formen der Beanspruchung und Anerkennung von Autorität zum Unterrichtsbeginn auf. So wird zugleich die permanente Bearbeitung von Ungewissheit hinsichtlich des pädagogischen Führungsverhältnisses sichtbar.
PENGARUH MODAL KERJA BERSIH TERHADAP LABA SETELAH PAJAK PADA PT. MAYORA INDAH TBK PERIODE 2010-2019
Authors: Simangunsong Ria Rosalia
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Modal Kerja Bersih terhadap Laba Setelah Pajak pada PT. Mayora Indah Tbk Periode 2010-2019.Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis.Hasil penelitian ini variabel Modal Kerja Bersih diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,283%. Variabel Laba Setelah Pajak diperoleh nilai rata-rata 905.40%. Modal Kerja Bersih berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Laba Setelah Pajak dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 147,131 + 320,600X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,809 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang sangat kuat dengan nilai determinasi 65,5%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN PIUTANG TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET PADA PT. SUMBER ALFARIA TRIAJYA TBK PERIODE 2013-2019
Authors: Suhartono Agus
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Perputaran piutang terhadap Return On Asset pada PT. Sumber Alfaria Triajya Tbk Periode 2013-2019.Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis.Hasil penelitian ini variabel Perputaran piutang diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 43,38%. Variabel Return On Asset diperoleh nilai rata-rata 0,0626%. Perputaran piutang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Return On Asset dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 0,015 + 0,001X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,893 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang sangat kuat dengan nilai determinasi 79,8%. Uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.