bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Toluene Inhalation Exposure and Demography Towards Risk of Neurotoxic: A Cross-Sectional Study at Plastic Sack Industry Workers in Indonesia
Authors: Tualeka Abdul Rohim , Wibrata Dwi Ananto , Ilmi Bahrul , Ahsan Ahsan , Rahmawati Pudji
Published: January 2019

Toluene as a chemical often used by industry has effects that are harmful to the human body. One known effect was neurotoxic. Plastic industry workers are always exposed to toluene with a neurotoxic risk. Research on toluene exposure towards neurotoxic risk has never been done in Indonesia.The research subjects were printing workers in the PT X plastic sack industry. The design was cross-sectional with simple random sampling obtained 32 workers. Toluene concentration was measured using a gas chromatography device while the neurotoxic risk was measured using Q18 Questionnaire from German. The majority of the study subjects aged range of 36-45 years, worked more than 18 years, sometimes used personal protective equipment (PPE), and had nutritional status with criteria for overweight  (≥ 23.0 - 24.9). Demographic factors such as age, working period, personal protective equipment (PPE) and nutritional status have a significant relationship with neurotoxic risk. Indoor toluene concentration also had a significant relationship with neurotoxic risk. Continuous toluene exposure could cause apoptosis/damage to the myelin sheath in the nerves so that it can cause neurotoxin risks such as difficult to concentrate, emotional, dementia and sleep disturbances. Toluene exposure in plastic bag workers can cause a risk of neurotoxins such as difficult to concentrate, dementia,  and sleep disturbances. Plastic sack workers are required to use PPE regularly (especially masks) to reduce the risk of neurotoxins through toluene inhalation.
Positive Effects of Workplace Meditation Training and Practice
Authors: Karimi Leila , Kent Stephen P , Leggat Sandra G. , Rada Jiri , Angleton Alison
Published: January 2019

There is evidence that meditation is a powerful organisational tool for enhancing employee effectiveness, wellbeing, and job satisfaction; however, experimental studies on the effects of meditation on other organisational factors such as presenteeism and emotional intelligence are limited. This study investigated the impact of meditation on mindfulness, emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and job stress-related presenteeism in an Australian workplace. Participants learned and practised an 'Auto Transcending Meditation Technique’ (ATMT) at their workplace. The study used the switching replications experimental design, comparing an intervention group with a control group. Quantitative data analysis used descriptive statistics and repeated measures to compare the mean pre-post intervention differences. Thematic analysis was completed on qualitative data gathered in focus groups and from the training evaluation. As a consequence of ATMT, participants showed significant improvements in their levels of mindfulness and emotional intelligence. Thematic analysis indicated that participants felt the meditation training and practice led to positive personal changes. In addition, the results showed that higher mindfulness buffers the effect of stress-related presenteeism on participants’ mental and physical health. Our results demonstrate that meditation training and practice enhances mindfulness and emotional intelligence, with benefits for employees’ physical and mental health.  Workplace meditation should be considered in health promoting work settings.

 
Actualiteiten ‘afgeleide schade’
Authors: Oostwouder W.J.
Published: January 2019

Actualiteiten ‘afgeleide schade’. What’s in a name?

Al meer dan twintig jaar is het Poot/ABP-arrest het standaardarrest op het gebied van afgeleide schade. Op 29 september en 12 oktober 2018 wees de Hoge Raad twee arresten, het Potplantenkwekerij-arrest en het Licorne Holding-arrest, die op het eerste gezicht niet te rijmen zijn met het Poot/ABP-arrest. Dit artikel geeft antwoord op de volgende vraag. Is hier sprake van een trendbreuk of kunnen deze arresten bij hantering van het juiste afgeleide-schadebegrip gebracht worden onder de categorieën gevallen waarvan Kroeze al in zijn dissertatie uit 2004 aangaf dat daarbij schade die (aanvankelijk) op afgeleide wijze is geleden, rechtstreeks aan de aandeelhouder kan worden vergoed?
Wet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen
Authors: Oostwouder W.J. , Thonen L.A.E. , Kool M.
Published: January 2019

Wet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen

Op 8 juni 2016 werd de Richtlijn (EU) 2016/943 vastgesteld ‘betreffende de bescherming van niet-openbaar gemaakte knowhow en bedrijfsinformatie (bedrijfsgeheimen) tegen het onrechtmatig verkrijgen, gebruiken en openbaar maken daarvan’. Het wetsvoorstel tot implementatie van deze Richtlijn werd door de Eerste Kamer op 16 oktober 2018 als hamerstuk afgedaan.

In dit artikel wordt de Wet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen besproken en antwoord gegeven op (onder meer) de volgende vragen: Wat is een bedrijfsgeheim? Waarom moeten bedrijfsgeheimen worden beschermd? Waartegen worden bedrijfsgeheimen beschermd? Op welke wijze worden bedrijfsgeheimen beschermd? Hoe en waar is de verjaring van een rechtsvordering tot bescherming van een bedrijfsgeheim geregeld?
Accountant en fraude
Authors: Brink-van der Meer J.E.
Published: January 2019

Accountant en fraude

In deze bijdrage gaat de auteur in op de vraag of een accountant wordt geacht fraude te ontdekken bij een wettelijke controle in de zin van art. 2:393 BW. De problematiek wordt besproken aan de hand van de uitspraken inzake de aansprakelijkheidstelling van PwC in haar hoedanigheid van accountant van de Fairfield-fondsen. De auteur staat uitvoerig stil bij de zorgplicht van de accountant. Hierbij is relevant of de accountant de controle van de jaarrekeningen heeft uitgevoerd, zoals van een redelijk handelend en redelijk bekwaam controlerend accountant mag worden verwacht. Voorts wordt uitgewerkt in hoeverre de civiele rechter betekenis mag toekennen aan het oordeel van een tuchtrechter.
Smart contracts
Authors: Naves J.
Published: January 2019

Smart contracts. Voer voor juristen?

De afgelopen twee jaren heeft de blockchaintechnologie veel aandacht gekregen. In één adem met deze technologie wordt vaak het smart contract genoemd. De naam veronderstelt impact op de werkzaamheden van juristen. Maar is dat wel zo? De reikwijdte van het begrip smart contract zoals dat in een blockchaincontext wordt gebruikt, is dermate breed dat veel softwareprotocollen als zodanig kunnen worden aangeduid. Lang niet al deze protocollen hebben juridische betekenis. In dit artikel geeft de auteur nadere duiding aan het begrip smart contract en de betekenis daarvan voor de juridische praktijk.
The effect of dynamic assessment on L2 learners’ listening comprehension
Authors: Roohani Ali , Jam Bashir , Yeganeh Shiva , Rahimi Domakani Masoud
Published: January 2019

Group dynamic assessment (G-DA), which is grounded in Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory (SCT), explores the role of social interaction and collaboration in the development of participants’ listening performance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of G-DA approach on listening comprehension of English as a foreign language(EFL) learners in two time intervals. To this end, twenty learners were selected from among Iranian EFL learners at an English language institute. The quantitative data analysis revealed that mediational strategies which were offered to learners within the group’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) could enhance their listening comprehension. These findings have important implications for all classroom teachers who can benefit from different designs of integrating instruction and assessment through offering mediational strategies to assist L2 learners in the development of their listening skill.
Didáctica de la lengua y la literatura: entre la intervención y la investigación
Authors: Bombini Gustavo
Published: January 2019

El propósito de este artículo es indagar acerca de la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura como campo de investigación diferenciado al que caracterizamos como regido no solo por los protocolos habituales y previsibles de cualquier campo de investigación en términos de formas de institucionalización y de legitimación sino también por otras formas específicas de institucionalización y legitimación atendiendo al hecho de que partimos de definir a la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura como una disciplina de intervención, lo cual nos lleva necesariamente a reflexionar sobre las relaciones entre producción de conocimiento en la academia y producción de conocimiento en el campo escolar. Se presentan antecedentes de investigaciones desde el campo de la sociolingüística, el campo de las narrativas y de la etnografía educativa como referencias para la construcción de líneas de investigación en didáctica de la lengua y la literatura.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors modulate the activation of the tissue factor pathway within aortic valves in patients with aortic stenosis: Links between blood coagulation and inflammation
Authors: Natorska Joanna , Siudut Jakub , Mazur Piotr , Sobczyk Dorota , Undas Anetta
Published: January 2019

Background: Similarities between the pathobiology of aortic stenosis (AS) and atherosclerosis have led to the concept that pharmacological strategies effective in atherosclerosis might attenuate valvular inflammation.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess how angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) might affect valvular expression of coagulation and inflammatory proteins in AS.
Material/Methods: We studied 111 advanced AS patients (62 males, aged 63.3±11.2 years) undergoing valve replacement. Plasma levels, valvular expression and mRNA transcripts of tissue factor (TF), TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI), prothrombin, along with C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated.
Results: TF-, TFPI-, CRP and prothrombin valvular expression was not related to demographics, concomitant diseases or plasma TF, free-TFPI or IL-6. ACEIs-treated patients (n=37), mainly due to hypertension (n=24, 65%), showed decreased areas for valvular TF (13.64±6.43 vs. 18.05±6.81%, p=0.03), TFPI (32.6±7.8 vs. 49.15±9.5%, p<0.001), prothrombin (23.47±1.93 vs. 26.61±1.4%, p<0.001), CRP (0.75 [0-9] vs. 1.4 [0-8]%, p=0.009), and IL-6 (3.2±0.65 vs. 6.4±1.83%, p<0.001) compared with non-ACEIs patients. Similarly, patients treated with ACEIs showed lower mRNA expression of TF (1.22±0.47 vs. 2.27±1.42, p=0.041), prothrombin (0.13±0.07 vs. 0.81±0.37, p<0.001), CRP (0.73±0.29 vs. 1.25±0.69, p=0.04), and IL-6 (7.6±5.16 vs. 13.67±7.3, p=0.046).
Conclusions: In patients with severe AS, ACEIs use is associated with lower expression of valvular proteins
involved in coagulation and inflammation, thus ACEIs therapy could be important in altering
atherosclerosis-like processes within stenotic aortic valves.
The People, Rhetoric, and Affect
Authors: Rogers Melvin L.
Published: January 2019

This essay by Melvin L. Rogers provides an account of the political meaning of the term “the people,” using it to examine the rhetorical character of The Souls of Black Folk and the work’s relationship to the cognitive-affective dimension of judgment. Du Bois illustrates the way the categorization of “the people” makes normative work possible, while drawing attention to the gap between the descriptive and aspirational definitions of “the people” and the mechanisms used to bridge it. This gap prompted Du Bois to stimulate and direct America’s political and ethical imagination, appealing for polity even as he knew he could never be assured of success. As a work of political theory, The Souls of Black Folk connects rhetoric to emotional states as a way to eliminate the divide between descriptive and aspirational definitions of “the people.”
The Secret History of RDX
Authors: Baxter Colin F.
Published: January 2019

During the 1930s, British scientists perfected a sugar-white explosive called RDX. Twice as deadly as TNT, RDX was also ten times more expensive. In The Secret History of RDX, historian Colin F. Baxter tells the story of the people who developed, produced, and used RDX in the top-secret, $100 million factory near Kingsport, Tennessee, called the Holston Ordinance Works. Drawing from archival records and numerous interviews with individuals who worked at the “powder plant” from 1942 to 1945, he explores not only the explosive’s military significance but also its impact on the lives of ordinary Americans involved in the war industry. Behind thirty-eight miles of fences, thousands of local men and women synthesized twenty-three thousand tons of RDX each month, enough to supply the entire Allied army, air force, and navy. RDX was added to torpedo warheads, airborne antisubmarine depth charges, and a mounted antisubmarine weapon called the Hedgehog. For the first time, the Allies had a weapon that could challenge German U-boats in the Atlantic, and RDX became the workhorse explosive for the Allies throughout the war. Baxter details the work of Canadian, British, and American scientists as well as the Eastman Company executives who raced to produce the explosive effectively and quickly. He examines the debates between RDX advocates and their opponents in the Army Ordnance Department, as well as the use of the explosive in the bomber war over Germany, naval war in the Atlantic, and as a key element in the trigger device of the atomic bomb.
The Mentelles
Authors: Runyon Randolph Paul
Published: January 2019

Drawing on newly translated materials and previously overlooked primary sources, Randolph Paul Runyon explores the life and times of the Mentelles in this intriguing dual biography. He illustrates how the couple's origins and education gave them access to the higher strata of Bluegrass society even as their views on religion, politics, and culture kept them from feeling at home in America. They were intimates of statesman Henry Clay, and one of their daughters married into the Clay family, but like other immigrant families in the region, they struggled to survive. Through the years, they often reinvented themselves out of necessity. Their most famous venture was Mentelle's for Young Ladies, an intellectually rigorous school that attracted students from around the region and greatly influenced its most well-known pupil, Mary Todd Lincoln. Runyon reveals the Mentelles as eloquent chroniclers of crucial moments in Ohio and Kentucky history from the turn of the nineteenth century to the eve of the Civil War. They rankled at the baleful influence of conservative religion on the local college, the influence of whiskey on the local population, and the scandal of slavery in the land of liberty. This study sheds new light on a remarkable pair who not only bore witness to key events in early American history but also had a singular impact on the lives of their friends, their students, and members of their community.
Curious, Elegant, and Useful Articles
Authors: Runyon Randolph Paul
Published: January 2019

This chapter describes commercial and cultural activity in Lexington between 1807 and 1817 as seen through the eyes of several visitors and contemporary newspapers. Waldemar opens his own "commission store," selling a wide range of items from groceries to household furnishings, alcohol, musical instruments, and toys. From 1808 to 1810, Charlotte teaches geography, astronomy, dancing, and French at Mary Beck's School. In 1817, Waldemar abandons the ups and downs of commerce for a steadier income as porter for the Lexington branch of the Second National Bank, through the intervention of Henry Clay. In the summer of 1820 Charlotte announces that she is opening her own school, Mentelle's for Young Ladies.
The Effect of a Youthful Frolic
Authors: Runyon Randolph Paul
Published: January 2019

In 1850, Charlotte publishes A Short History of the Late Mrs. Mary O. T. Wickliffe, a biography of the friend who gave the Mentelles the life interest in the land where they lived from 1805 on and where they held their school. Mary Owen Todd married James Russell in 1799; he died an alcoholic in 1802, leaving a son, John Russell. In 1826 she married Robert Wickliffe, a wealthy owner of land and slaves. Charlotte writes her book to counter the rumor that Wickliffe had married Mrs. Russell for her money, Charlotte insisting that it was for love. Wickliffe is engaged in a civil suit brought by the Todd heirs, including Mary Todd Lincoln, represented by her lawyer husband, who contest the will by attacking the marriage agreement by which Mrs. Russell had transferred all her wealth to Wickliffe. Charlotte gives a deposition at the trial, after which Lincoln and wife abandon the case and return to Illinois. A significant complication is that John Russell was rumored to have fathered a slave by seducing his mother's house servant. Wickliffe sent the slave family to Liberia, where Russell's alleged son, Alfred Russell, becomes the country's President in 1883.
“We’ll Have No Race Trouble Here”
Authors: Jordan Jason
Published: January 2019

In the fall of 1940 black Memphians experienced a prolonged campaign of harassment, mass arrests, and violence at the hands of Memphis police known as the “Reign of Terror.” These actions were carried out under the direction of local political boss E. H. Crump as more black Memphians, tiring of Crump’s iron-fisted rule, backed candidates that promised to move away from the “plantation mentality” of Crump’s regime. While systematically suppressing local black political organizing, Crump offered public praise, token benefits, and a respite from legal action to black community leaders who were willing to rebuke other “agitators” within the black population. As a result, some blacks capitulated to Crump’s demands with the hopes of earning some small amount of favor, while others struggled to resist the might of the Crump machine. This essay argues that this particular moment in Memphis history made concrete a deep intraracial divide within its black activist community, delaying by decades any real chance to change the city’s racial status quo.
Beyond 1968
Authors: Conway James
Published: January 2019

In the aftermath of the sanitation strike and the assassination of Martin Luther King, the black community in Memphis achieved an unprecedented political mobilization, especially through the NAACP’s “Black Monday” protest. This essay employs local archival collections, newspapers, and personal interviews to show that in less than two months, the NAACP was able to create a unified front within the black community that forced rapid changes in the Memphis school system. While the NAACP organized downtown marches, pickets, and Monday boycotts of public schools, black youths vandalized schools and businesses before the approaching holiday season. At its height, more than 66,000 students and 600 teachers missed school to support the protest. By the time the boycott ended, the school board agreed to appoint two black advisers, a black assistant superintendent, and a black coordinator. The Black Monday protest was successful, but it also exposed the limitations of coalitions in the Black Power era, as moderates and radicals struggled to find common ground.
Beauty and the Black Student Revolt
Authors: Kinchen Shirletta
Published: January 2019

At the height of the Black Power movement, African American students, especially those attending predominantly white colleges and universities, demanded access to and inclusion in their institutions’ resources. Their demands included Black Studies and Black History programs, the end of racist practices by faculty and administrators, and more culturally sensitive programs that reflected their lived experiences. This essay examines how the Black Power movement sought to redefine the beauty aesthetic by exploring how African American students at Memphis State University in the late 1960s and early 1970s politicized the campus positions traditionally reserved for white students. In 1970 Maybelline Forbes was elected the first black homecoming queen at Memphis State. As athletic teams began to integrate during the 1960s and 1970s, black women struggled to penetrate the membership ranks of cheerleading squads, serve as homecoming queens, and join other spaces that excluded them. This essay demonstrates how these positions became contested spaces for the larger black student protest movement, thus offering a different perspective on how black activists engaged in protest on college campuses in the Black Power era.
PETROFYZIKÁLNÍ CHARAKTERISTIKA SPRAŠE A FOSILNÍ PŮDY V HLINÍKU U LITOVLE
Authors: Šimíček Daniel , Krulová Vendula
Published: January 2019

Loess-paleosol sequences are an important source of terrestrial paleoclimatic proxy-data. Quaternary loess and loess loam cover the most of surface of the Upper Moravian Basin. Samples from loess-paleosol sequence in vicinity of Litovel town were studied using magnetic susceptibility, spectrophotometry and laser granulometry. Obtained petrophysical data were compared with detailed lithological description of section and geochemical characteristics determined by ED-XRF method. The results contribute to interpretation of paleoclimate in the Upper Moravian Basin during the last glacial.Section with total thickness of about 5 m is formed by loess in its upper part. This layer covers several soil horizons. It is most probably youngest loess deposit formed during the last glacial maximum. Petrophysical and geochemical data and comparison with nearby sites indicate relatively humid cold tundra conditions with bush-steppe vegetation during deposition of loess. Lithological features, position below youngest loess deposit and petrophysical and geochemical data allow interpretation of soil horizons as PK I. Low values of magnetic susceptibility indicate formation of soil in arctic interstadial conditions with higher humidity compared to interstadial average. Values of magnetic susceptibility of PK I are equal or even lower than in overlaying loess which doesn´t correspond with usual behaviour of magnetic susceptibility in loess-paleosol sequences in the Czech Republic. It could be explained by formation of soil horizons in cold interstadial climate (low production of oxi/hydroxide of Fe) supplemented by increased humidity and hence, intensive illimerization process (clay migration and Fe-minerals depletion).
PESTRÉ SEDIMENTY OTTNANGU V BRNĚ-KOHOUTOVICÍCH
Authors: Petrová Pavla Tomanová , Buriánek David , Kirchner Karel , Krejčí Oldřich , Laufek František , Nehyba Slavomír , Otava Jiří
Published: January 2019

The reddish coloured sediment layers (up to 5 m thick) were found within building pit in the Brno-Kohoutovice on the Libušina třída Avenue (NW part of Brno). These sediments were assigned to the Ottnangian based on characteristic pseudoassociation of microfossils. Smectite or illite/smectite dominates over kaolinite among the clay minerals. Minerals typomorphic for granitoids of the Brno Massif, i.e. epidote, amphibole and altered titanite, absolutely dominate (99 mod. %) within the assemblage of translucent heavy fraction. Minerals like garnet and staurolite which are typical for the Ottnangian sediments in this region, are presented only in accessoric amount. The chemical composition of the studied sediments is located between the chemical composition of granodiorites of the Brno Massif and Neogene clays. Relatively high content of Zr, Hf and HREE, which is interpreted as result of presence of very fine grained zircon in studied sediments, is characteristic. High content of SiO2 and comparatively low contents of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 indicates non-lateritic type of weathering. The chemical composition of studied sediments reflects semiarid to humid paleoclimate that the granitoids of the Brno Massif as parent rock have undergone.
NEOGENNÍ ZPĚTNÁ ROTACE VRÁSOVO-NÁSUNOVÉ STAVBY VE SPODNÍM KARBONU KRY MALENÍKU
Authors: Havíř Josef
Published: January 2019

In the frame of the geological mapping projects, geometry of the Variscan fold-thrust system of the Lower Carboniferous units on the SE margin of the Nízký Jeseník Highland and in the Maleník block was studied. This system consists of asymmetric kilometric folds and NW to WNW dipping thrusts. It is evident, that the fold geometry observed at sites on the SE margin of the Nízký Jeseník is almostthe same as the fold geometry studied in the quarries in the Maleník block. The only difference consist in north-westwards tilting of the fold geometry in the studied area with respect to situation on the NE margin of the Nízký Jeseník. This tilting corresponds to the up to 40° rotation around the sub-horizontal axis, which is sub-parallel to fold axes of the tectonic large (km) folds. It indicates that there is mutual relationship between the discussed rotation and the reactivation of the Variscan fold-thrust system. The main features of structural model are introduced in the article to explain the discussed rotation. The model supposes compressional back-rotation of the block connected with reactivation of Variscan thrusts. The block was steepened as a result of the shear movements associated with overthrust above the Lower Carboniferous units approximately from SE to NW. Known evidences of the Neogene reactivation of the Variscan thrusts allow assumption, that this overthrusting body was a frontal part of the Western Carpathian Nappe system.
DEVONIAN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS TECTONICALLY INCORPORATED INTO THE BRNO MASSIF, EASTERN MARGIN OF THE BOHEMIAN MASSIF
Authors: Klištinec Ján , Melichar Rostislav
Published: January 2019

Devonské sedimentární horniny tektonicky začleněné do brněnského masivu, východní okraj Českého masivu Devonská klastika severního okolí Brna jsou součástí sj. orientované zóny Babího lomu, která probíhá středem brněnského masivu. I když devon tvoří zdánlivě samostatný relikt, byly na jižním svahu kopce Strážná (369 m n. m.) nalezeny klíčové informace pro řešení stavby celé zóny Babího lomu: 1) Horninový sled devonských klastik je na dané lokalitě dostatečně variabilní (břidlice, prachovce, pískovce, křemenné a petromiktní slepence), což umožňuje dobře rozpoznat vrstevnatost i směr do nadloží. 2) Vrstevnatost devonských hornin se v z. části reliktu uklání k V a směrem na V se překlápí přes vertikální orientaci do pozice překocené s úklonem k Z. 3) Omezení devonských hornin je z části primární – transgresivní (na JZ s reliktním fosilním zvětráním podloží), z části tektonické (východní a sz. omezení). Uvedená pozorování lze v kombinaci se strukturně geologickými informacemi z okolí vysvětlit následující interpretací: 1) Devonské vrstvy tvoří překocenou vrásu. S největší pravděpodobností se jedná o antiklinálu s osní plochou ukloněnou k Z. 2) Vrásová stavba vznikla zřejmě v důsledku deformace vlekem podél násunového zlomu a tvoří spodní část tektonické šupiny. 3) Svrchní část této šupiny reprezentují horniny hřbetu Babího lomu. Následné křehké postižení vedlo k rozdělení struktury a posunutí částí do různých úrovní za vzniku dnešního obrazu geologické stavby.
Antípodas pedagógicas ¿Cómo enseñar proyectos en el fin del mundo?
Authors: Barros Di Giammarino Fabián
Published: January 2019

El Proceso Proyectual Inverso se presenta como un elemento didáctico que
evidencia la intención de los profesores de proyectos de escuela de arquitectura
más austral del planeta de situar a la crítica proyectual como elemento esencial en
la enseñanza de los talleres de arquitectura. La experiencia metodológica estudiada
se desarrolla en el curso que establece justo la mitad del plan de estudios de la
carrera, momento en que se debe equilibrar la relación entre intervención y
autonomía crítica de profesores y alumnos. Al estar en una condición de aislación
geográfica extrema, el estudio crítico de la obra (primero acabada y luego en
formación) constituye una fuente de conocimientos no adquiribles en el contexto
inmediato. Para ello se ha establecido un andamiaje provisional y flexible de crítica
arquitectónica que permita desarrollar diferentes niveles de estudio, análisis y
síntesis de la arquitectura en cuestión.

The Inverse Projectual Process is presented as a didactical element that evidences
the intention of the project teachers, of the southernmost architecture school on the
planet, to place project criticism as an essential element in the teaching
of architectural workshops. The methodological experience studied is developed in
the course that establishes just the middle of the career syllabus, at which time the
relationship between intervention and critical autonomy of teachers and
students must be balanced. Being in an condition of extreme geographical isolation,
the critical study of the work (first completed and then in making) it constitutes a
source of knowledge that cannot be acquired in the immediate context. For this, a
provisional and flexible scaffolding of architectural criticism has been established
that allows the development of different levels of study, analysis and synthesis of the
architecture in question.
Diseño de la auto, co-evaluación y rúbrica como estrategias para mejorar el aprendizaje
Authors: García Hípola Mayka
Published: January 2019

Esta propuesta presenta la auto y co-evaluación como parte del proceso de
aprendizaje de los alumnos matriculados en asignaturas de carácter proyectual de
la carrera de arquitectura, aunque también sería extrapolable a otras enseñanzas
relacionadas con el diseño. Se estudia el papel del profesor en la elaboración de la
rúbrica, las metodologías empleadas y el análisis de resultados. La problemática
previa que lleva a la realización de este tipo de evaluaciones está relacionada con
la demanda por parte los alumnos de mayor claridad y objetividad en esta fase, lo
que se convierte en una oportunidad que implica un proceso de mejora en la
valoración de sus trabajos, ya que se implica al alumno en su proceso de
aprendizaje y evaluación, mejorando su capacidad crítica. Se hace referencia a
experiencias docentes previas como un workshop realizado entre cuatro
universidades europeas y una auto-evaluación y una co-evaluación realizada a
alumnos de proyectos de cuarto curso siguiendo dos métodos distintos.

This proposal presents the self and the co-evaluation as part of the learning process
of the students enrolled in studio subjects of the architecture studies, although it
could also be extrapolated to other teachings related to design. The role of the
professor in the elaboration of the evaluation, the methodologies used and the
outcome analysis are studied. The previous problematic that leads to the realization
of this type of evaluations is related to the demand on the part of the students of
greater clarity and objectivity in this phase, which becomes an opportunity that
implies a process of improvement in the evaluation of their works, since the student
is involved in their learning and evaluation process, improving their critical capacity.
Reference is made to previous teaching experiences such as a workshop carried out
among four European universities and a self-assessment and a peer assessment
carried out on students of fourth-year architectural projects following two different
methods.
Urbanística descriptiva aplicada. Evidencia de tres años atando formas y procesos
Authors: Elinbaum Pablo
Published: January 2019

Partiendo del objetivo general de contribuir a los marcos académicos de la
enseñanza del urbanismo, en esta comunicación revisamos de forma crítica la
noción de “estructura urbana” y sus representaciones a partir de tres variables
clave: el tiempo, las escalas y las medidas. Los resultados de la experiencia del
Taller de Urbanismo de la UTDT, basado en la metodología de la Descripción
Urbanística de Bernardo Secchi, permitieron reflexionar sobre los modos de
describir y representar lo urbano, entre la mirada profesionalista enfocada en
descifrar la morfología, y otra más ligada a la experiencia e interpretación de los
procesos de urbanización. No se trata de mostrar un enfoque como superador del
otro, sino de cuestionar los marcos tácitos de la enseñanza y la práctica,
problematizando el sentido de la urbanística, más allá de las cuestiones
puramente técnicas, para evidenciar su esencia política soslayada entre la
modernización compulsiva y el progresismo tecnocrático.

In this paper we critically review the notion of “urban structure” and its
representations based on three key variables: time, scales and measures. The
results of the UTDT Urbanism Workshop experience, based on the methodology of
the Urban Description (Urbanística Descrittiva) of Bernardo Secchi, allowed us to
reflect on the ways of describing and representing the urban, between the
professional view based on deciphering the morphology, and another one linked to
the experience and interpretation of urbanization processes. It is not about showing
an approach as the overcoming of the other, but about questioning the tacit frames
of teaching and practice, problematizing the sense of urban planning, beyond the
purely technical issues, in order to demonstrate its political essence ignored
between the compulsive modernization and the technocratic progressism.
Aprendiendo a ver a través de las ciudades
Authors: Fontana Pia , Cabarrocas Mar
Published: January 2019

Desde el año académico 2007/2008 se está llevando a cabo un curso optativo
para estudiantes de arquitectura, denominado “Saber ver la arquitectura” y que
tiene como objetivo general el estudio de una ciudad europea y la realización de
una “guía de viaje”. El objetivo específico es desarrollar una mirada crítica e
intencionada hacia la ciudad y los edificios y adquirir herramientas de análisis para
poder emitir un juicio crítico argumentado. El curso plantea el estudio de las
ciudades a través de un tema específico: el de la relación entre arquitectura y
espacio urbano, con énfasis en la calle como lugar articulador y estructurante de
itinerarios, recorridos y estancias mediante una aproximación interdisciplinar a
través de la práctica del andar, del caminar, del “walkscape”, transformando la
actividad cotidiana del paseo, en una mirada intencionada para “aprender a mirar”,
la ciudad y la arquitectura. Se trata de rescatar el papel del “flaneur”, del paseante
atento que descubre o redescubre la arquitectura en la ciudad observándola a
través de nuevos ojos.

Since the academy year 2007/2008 an optative lecture for architecture students
named “Saber ver la arquitectura” has been taking place, its general aim is the
study of an european city and the production of a “travel guide”. On the other hand,
its specific goal is to develop a critical and intentional look towards the city and its
buildings, and to acquire analytical tools to emit a critical well-funded judgement.
The lecture proposes the study of the cities from a specific point of view: that of the
relation between architecture and urban space, specially focusing on the
importance of the street as a place that articulate and structures itineraries, tours
and rooms. For that an interdisciplinary approach is used incorporating the practice
of the walk, the “walkscape”, transforming the quotidian walk with a focused look to
“learn to see”, the city and the architecture. It all comes to rescuing the character of
the “flaneur”, the observer walker that discovers or rediscovers the architecture in
the city watching it from new eyes.
El aprendizaje básico del espacio
Authors: Mària Serrano Magda , Musquera Felip Sílvia , Beriain Sanzol Luis
Published: January 2019

Esta ponencia expone la metodología y los contenidos de la asignatura Bases para
el Proyecto II, llevada a cabo en la ETSA del Vallès, UPC, durante los cursos 2015-
2018, en la que se desarrollan de manera monográfica las principales facetas del
Espacio y su papel fundamental en la arquitectura. Basándose en los principales
parámetros que han definido el Espacio arquitectónico durante las últimas décadas
y siguiendo el camino trazado por las escuelas pioneras en la aplicación de sistemas
pedagógicos activos a la didáctica del diseño, el programa se presenta como
prolongación de la asignatura Bases para el Proyecto I, donde se iniciaba a los
estudiantes a utilizar las herramientas para abordar desde la Forma cualquier
planteamiento proyectual. Forma y Espacio confluyen así de manera conjunta como
contenidos complementarios del bloque de iniciación al Proyecto Arquitectónico: el
Espacio apoya su construcción en la Forma y, al mismo tiempo, la Forma aplicada
al proyecto requiere de un despliegue tridimensional que, involucrando la
habitabilidad, se transforma en arquitectura.

This presentation exposes the methodology and contents of the subject Bases for
Design II, carried out in the ETSA del Vallès, UPC, during the courses 2015-2018,
in which the main facets of Space and its fundamental role in architecture are
developed in a monographic manner. Based on the main parameters that have
defined the architectural space during the last decades and following the path traced
by the pioneer schools in the application of active pedagogical systems to the
didactics of design, the program is presented as an extension of the subject Bases
for Design I, where students were initiated to use the tools to approach any design
from the Form. Form and Space thus converge together as complementary contents
of the initial syllabus in Architectural Design: Space supports its construction in the
Form and, at the same time, the Form applied to the project requires a threedimensional
display that, involving habitability, is transformed into architecture.
Diseño e implementación de la pauta de seguimiento del logro formativo
Authors: Muñoz Díaz Cristian , Pérez de la Cruz Elisa , Mallea Maturana Grace , Noguera Errázuriz Cristóbal
Published: January 2019

Se presenta el diseño e implementación de la Pauta de Seguimiento del Logro
Formativo. Esta es aplicada al finalizar los ciclos de formación y en el proceso de
titulación de la carrera de arquitectura. Este instrumento fue diseñado por el equipo
de profesores más un asesor curricular externo. Se construye sobre el cruce
realizado entre los programas de asignatura de los Talleres de Diseño y la definición
del perfil de egreso, tomando como base los desempeños esperados establecidos
en la Mapa Curricular de la carrera. Esta pauta se constituye como un instrumento
de evaluación y seguimiento que establece el estándar mínimo que debe lograr un
titulado para cumplir con el Perfil de Egreso declarado. También, permite informar a
los distintos actores (estudiantes, profesores y autoridades) respecto del avance de
los estudiantes en su proceso formativo. En el año de implementación, este
instrumento ha demostrado gran utilidad y pertinencia para la carrera.

We are presenting the design and implementation of the Training Achievement
Assessment Guideline. It is applied at the end of the learning stages and in the
process of awarding the architecture degree. This assessment tool was designed by
the faculty staff together with an external curricular consultant. It was conceived
considering the crossing between Design Courses syllabuses and the graduation
profile definition, taking as a starting point the expected achievements established
in the Curricular Articulation Diagram. This guideline constitutes an assessment and
monitoring tool that establishes the baseline to be achieved by a graduate in order
to accomplish the declared graduation profile. It also allows us to inform the different
stakeholders (students, teachers and authorities) about how the students are
advancing in the learning process. Throughout the implementation year it has proven
to be a very useful and relevant tool.
Yes, we draw! El papel del dibujo en la pedagogía contemporánea de Arquitectura
Authors: Butragueño Díaz Guerra Belén , Raposo Grau Javier Francisco , Salgado de la Rosa María Asunción
Published: January 2019

Es indudable que el dibujo ha jugado, tradicionalmente, un papel fundamental en la
historia de la arquitectura. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas está
desapareciendo del currículo de muchas universidades en todo el mundo. Este texto
pretende poner en valor el dibujo como una herramienta esencial de expresión,
creación y crítica arquitectónica, que fundamenta la enseñanza del proyectar,
especialmente en los primeros cursos. Para ello, se detalla la experiencia
desarrollada en la Universidad Woodbury de Los Ángeles, de integración de nuestra
metodología docente basada en el dibujo, en una unidad docente de proyectos a lo
largo de un curso. El resultado ha sido extremadamente favorable, y ha devenido
en un enriquecimiento y aprendizaje mutuo. El artículo analiza los resultados y se
ofrece una serie de conclusiones que verifican las hipótesis iniciales relativas a la
importancia del dibujo en la docencia y la práctica arquitectónica.

The drawing has traditionally played a fundamental role in architecture. However, in
recent decades, it is disappearing from the curriculum of many schools of
architecture throughout the world. This text aims to add value to the drawing as a
essential tool of expression, creation, and architectural criticism, that substantiates
the design education, especially in the early stages of the degree. For that purpose,
we will explain the experience developed at Woodbury University (Los Angeles, CA),
where we integrated our graphical methodology based on the drawing, with the
teaching experience of the Design Studio Unit throughout the year. The result has
been extremely fruitful, and has produce a great enrichment and mutual learning.
Throughout the article we analyze the results and find a series of conclusions in
order to verify the initial hypotheses in relation to the importance of the drawing in
the teaching and the practice of architecture.
Espacio, Teatro, Arquitectura. El lugar del teatro en la enseñanza de la arquitectura
Authors: Ramon Graells Antoni
Published: January 2019

A la busca de los vínculos del teatro con la arquitectura, sin necesidad de
profundizar aparece que tanto la obra teatral como la arquitectónica dan forma a
espacios. Las afinidades entre arquitectura y teatro son muchas, y ello nos lleva a
la certeza que reflexionar en torno a las artes escénicas o proyectar una
escenografía colaboran en el aprendizaje de la arquitectura. Para mostrarlo, en un
primer acto esta comunicación se sitúa en la Alemania de la República de Weimar,
en la Bauhaus, una escuela que sin duda constituye una referencia fundamental en
el tema que nos ocupa. El segundo acto relata la experiencia de la Escuela Técnica
Superior de Arquitectura de Barcelona. Y concluyendo, un epílogo abre la escena a
otras experiencias en escuelas de arquitectura y teatro de España y Europa. El
teatro tiene un inmenso campo de actuación en la enseñanza y la investigación de
la arquitectura.

In researching the connections between Theatre and Architecture, without the need
to go in depth, it appears that both the theatrical piece and the architectural work
give shape to spaces. There are many similarities between Architecture and Theatre,
and this lead us to the certainty that to reflect on the performing arts, to design a
scenography, collaborate in the learning of Architecture. To show it, in a first act, this
communication is located in Germany Weimar Republic, in the Bauhaus, a School
that undoubtedly constitutes a fundamental reference in the subject that concern us.
The second act relates the experience of ETSAB Barcelona School of Architecture.
And concluding, an epilogue opens the scene to others experiences in Schools of
Architecture and Theatre in Spain and Europe. The Theatre has an immense field of
action in the teaching and in the research of the Architecture.
Estudiantes de la UVa llevan la arquitectura a colegios y familias de Castilla y León
Authors: Ramón Cueto Gemma
Published: January 2019

El descenso global del interés por la arquitectura, principalmente por
desconocimiento del amplio abanico de competencias y campos profesionales que
permite desarrollar, hace necesaria la realización de iniciativas que la den a conocer,
no solo en etapas inmediatamente anteriores al acceso a la Universidad, sino
durante el transcurso de la vida escolar. El objetivo principal del PID es estructurar
procedimientos colaborativos y multidisciplinares para acercar la arquitectura tanto
a los centros educativos no universitarios de Castilla y León como al conjunto de la
sociedad. Con este fin, a lo largo del curso se propone la realización de diversas
actividades lúdicas, participativas e interactivas promovidas y/o con la participación
de los estudiantes de la UVa conjuntamente con profesores, investigadores, PAS y
profesionales antiguos alumnos de la UVa, que se realizan en los centros educativos
no universitarios y culminan con la celebración de una Feria en la propia
Universidad.

There is a general decrease in the interest in architecture that makes it necessary to
do initiatives with the aim that children and young people of all ages know the
profession and competencies that architects can develop and not just before
entering University. The main objective of this Innovation Project is to organize
collaborative and multidisciplinary procedures to bring architecture closer to the
educational centers of Castilla y León and to society. During the school year the
students, professors, researchers, PAS and architects old students, propose ludic
and participativy activities to do in non-university educational centers. The year ends
with a Fair "Espacios de Ingenio" in our own University.
Una aproximación a la cooperación desde el Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura
Authors: Ruiz Pardo Marcelo , Barbero Barrera Maria del Mar , Gesto Barroso Belén
Published: January 2019

Basándonos en la experiencia del Grupo de Cooperación ICHaB-ETSAM de la
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, y apoyándonos en el Proyecto de Innovación
Educativa ‘ArCoopera: Una mirada a la cooperación al desarrollo desde el Grado
en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura’, hemos desarrollado una experiencia docente
transversal, vertical y de aprendizaje-servicio con el objeto de acercar la
cooperación a los alumnos de grado ofreciéndoles la oportunidad de implicarse en
un proyecto de cooperación específico. Esta experiencia coordinada desde los
departamentos de Urbanismo, Proyectos y Construcción pretende facilitar al
alumnado herramientas incipientes para el conocimiento de este tipo de contextos.
En este caso los alumnos de los primeros cursos de Proyectos y de Construcción
han trabajado conjuntamente con alumnos de Trabajo Fin de Grado y de
Postgrado en un proyecto real en el Barrio de Bellavista planteado por la ONG
Arcoiris, como contraparte en República Dominicana.

Based on the experience of the ICHaB-ETSAM Cooperation Group of the
Polytechnic University of Madrid, and on the Educational Innovation Project
'ArCoopera: A look at development cooperation from the Bachelor's Degree in
Fundamentals of Architecture', we have developed a transversal, vertical and
service-learning teaching experience in order to bring cooperation to the students
of the degree and give them the opportunity to get involved in a proposal for a
specific cooperation project. This coordinated experience from the departments of
Urban Planning, Projects and Construction aims to provide students with tools for
the knowledge of this type of context. In this case, the students of the Construction
and Construction Projects have worked with Final Degree Projects and
Postgraduate projects on a real project in the Barrio de Bellavista, proposed by the
NGO Arcoiris, as a counterpart in the Dominican Republic.