bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Ilomo Mesia , Mwantimwa Kelefa
Published: June 2023

Notwithstanding the concerted interventions for integrating entrepreneurship education in higher learning institutions, graduates' transition from universities to entrepreneurial activities remains insignificant. This paper examines the influence of entrepreneurial knowledge on the entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate students. An exploratory research design alongside a quantitative approach was used to collect data. The data for this paper were collected from 335 drawn from 10 public and private higher learning institutions. Purposive, stratified, and convenience sampling were used to draw the sample. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey administered to 335 finalist students in Tanzania's higher learning institutions. The paper applies a partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to examine the moderating role of entrepreneurial knowledge on the relationship between motivational factors and entrepreneurial intentions of finalist undergraduate students from higher learning institutions in Tanzania. The study reveals that entrepreneurial knowledge significantly moderates the relationship between behavioural control and entrepreneurial intentions. The influence of entrepreneurial knowledge on the relationship between attitude and intentions and subjective norms and intentions is insignificant. Further, the attitude and behavioural controls were found to positively and significantly affect immediate entrepreneurial intentions, whereas subjective norms insignificantly affected immediate entrepreneurial intention. The study contributes to the development of a theory of planned behaviour, for example, by demonstrating that the three motivational factors have varying effects on entrepreneurial intentions in the context of moderation and different time horizons. Family entrepreneurial culture, personal savings, and role models are keys to making graduates pursue entrepreneurship in the long term.
EFFECT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY ON THE SURVIVAL OF MICRO-ENTERPRISES
Authors: Agboola Oluyemisi , Adelugba Iyabode Abisola , Eze Benneth Uchenna
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the extent to which Fintech lending affects micro-enterprises survival and sales revenue in Nigeria. The study employed a survey design by administering a structured questionnaire on owners/managers of micro-enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria. Two hypotheses were developed and evaluated based on the study's aims. The research instrument (questionnaire) was administered to the targeted respondents in February 2023. Three hundred and twelve (312) questionnaires were returned, out of which nine (9) were not correctly filled by respondents. A total of three hundred and three (303) questionnaires were finally considered fit for analysis, representing a return rate of 76%. The study used charts to analyze the demographic data, and regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis using SPSS. The findings reveal that Fintech lending significantly affects micro-enterprises survival and sales revenue. The R-Square indicates that Fintech lending accounts for a 24.9% change in micro-enterprises' survival. Furthermore, the findings from the test of the second hypothesis indicate that Fintech lending accounts for a 30.8% change in micro-enterprises' sales revenue. It can be concluded that Fintech lending is an important determinant of micro-enterprises survival and sales revenue. Therefore, it is recommended that micro-enterprises should utilize Fintech lending packages to enhance their survival and sales revenue. This study has set the framework for future research into the extent to which Fintech lending affects micro-enterprises survival and sales revenue. This is a groundbreaking study from the perspective of Nigeria, as it reveals the effect of Fintech lending and asset finance on the survival as well as sales revenue of micro-enterprises in Nigeria. The study also contributes significantly to the Technology Acceptance theory, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and the Theory of Reasoned Action, which are all relevant to Fintech.
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY INTERRUPTIONS ON THE EXPANSION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE ENTERPRISES (SMEs): A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Tapang Felix Nkellefack
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to investigate the factors that impact electricity supply interruptions on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Cameroon and the theories used by researchers in preventing electricity supply interruptions. The method used is a systematic literature review of empirical studies on factors responsible for various forms of electricity supply interruptions and their impact on businesses worldwide. The author of this study examined 70 publications from 2012 to 2022 within the scope of the subject and analyzed the factors responsible for interruptions and prevention techniques used to curb the interruption of electricity supply. The results revealed that human factors, technological factors, and atmospheric & environmental factors have impacts on the interruption of electricity supply. Further, the study found that most of the publications on the subject were case studies (74%), while the remaining studies comprised Quantitative studies (19%), Qualitative studies (7%), and 0% for mixed studies research. It was also revealed that technological, human, atmospheric, and environmental factors are more responsible for electricity supply interruptions in developing countries than in developed countries. The results imply that electricity network designers need to mitigate electricity interruptions by employing modern techniques. The study recommends that alternative electricity supply sources could be used to help reduce interruptions, especially using other renewable energy sources like solar electrification systems and generators as backup or supplementary systems to enhance the electricity supply.
A Fractional Order Tilt Integral Controller Based Load Frequency Control with Dispersed Generation and Electric Vehicle
Authors: Dinesh T. , Manjula M.
Published: June 2023

The elevated level of entrance of decentralized power sources with their Intermittent and volatility gives us a accost task to control load frequency, moreover this quandary is getting worsen up with the Involvement of electric vehicles in the rundown. This paper presents a censorious robust fractional order operative established tilt integral derivative controller (FOTID) for regulating the frequency. To emulate distributed power sources a linearized model of a wind power plant is considered and a small signal model of EV is developed. With the consideration dynamic nature of EV & wind power plants, the dynamic pursuance of the envisaged FOTID controller is investigated by comparing them with integral order PID controller, Fractional order PID controller, sliding mode controller under various conditions. The transfer function model of proposed controllers is derived and the robustness of the proposed FOTID controller is examined by conducting detailed simulation studies.
Detection and Segmentation of Meningioma Brain Tumors in MRI brain Images using Curvelet Transform and ANFIS
Authors: Anitha R. , Sundaramoorthy K. , Selvi S. , Gopalakrishnan S. , Sheela M. Sahaya
Published: June 2023

The detection of abnormal tumor region brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) is complex task due to its similar structures between tumor and its surrounding regions. In this paper, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classification method-based meningioma brain tumor detection is proposed. The proposed method consists of the following stages as preprocessing, transformation, feature extraction and classifications. The brain MR images are enhanced in preprocessing stage and this spatial domain image is converted into multi resolution image using Curvelet transform. The texture and statistical features are extracted from the transformed coefficients. These features are trained and classified by ANFIS classifier and further morphological operations are applied on the classified brain image to segment the tumor regions. This proposed meningioma tumor detection approach is analyzed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, Jaccard Similarity Index (JSI), Dice Similarity Index DSI) and accuracy. The reported results showed that an accuracy of 98.5%, sensitivity 91.5% and specificity 98.6 %was achieved from the finely Curvelet Transform and ANFIS Model.
Decarbonization of the oil and gas sector in the context of sustainable development: Key directions and possible scnarios for the Arctic region
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrieva Diana M. , Skobelev Dmitry O. ,   Environmental Industrial Policy Centre
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, the social and economic development of both individual countries and the world as a whole is facing a large number of external challenges. One of the key issues today is the achievement of sustainable development while managing the growth in resource consumption. Balancing energy supply with the pressing climate agenda has garnered global attention, particularly within the fuel and energy sector, which is the central pillar of energy supply and will remain so in the near future. In this regard, it is vital to determine its role in ensuring sustainable development and design mechanisms for transformation and adaptation to modern challenges. This issue is particularly acute for both functioning businesses and strategic oil and gas projects to be implemented in the Arctic. The purpose of this article is to study existing methods and potential decarbonization scenarios to determine their applicability within the industry in the context of ensuring the sustainable development of Russia’s Arctic. The article analyzes various scientific and technological approaches to decarbonization in light of the adoption of the Paris Agreement in 2015, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The study investigates the causes of greenhouse gas emissions at each stage of oil and gas operations and proposes a mechanism for choosing decarbonization options. It critically examines global experiences and potential scenarios for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by oil and gas companies in the framework of sustainable development, identifying key trends and problems in this area. The study also presents possible decarbonization scenarios for the Arctic region, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) scenarios, renewable energy scenarios (utilizing renewable energy sources), and technological scenarios (upgrading existing technologies). The findings of this study can inform the development of strategies aimed at achieving carbon neutrality at various levels.
The potential of forest food resources for agroforestry development in the Arkhangelsk region
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Koptev Sergey V. , Sidorovskaya Tatyana V. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Sokolova Elena S. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Volovik Olga A. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov
Published: June 2023

The problem of food security is always relevant for society, but it is even more acute for the inhabitants of northern territories due to unfavorable agricultural conditions. The use of forest food resources, which are abundant in northern regions, and the development of agroforestry help to solve this problem. Agroforestry in this context is seen as an intensive system of sustainable forest management that has a goal-oriented concept tailored to local ecological and socio-economic conditions and integrates both agricultural and forestry practices. This article aims to explore the potential and role of forest food resources in achieving self-sufficiency for the inhabitants of the Arkhangelsk region, as well as the feasibility of implementing agroforestry practices in forestry. The following objectives were pursued and addressed to achieve the research goal: reviewing journal articles, research results, and statistical data on the use of wild plants; conducting original research to understand and evaluate the role and place of wild plants in the dietary habits of the Arkhangelsk region’s population, as well as the goals and characteristics of plant harvesting; assessing the potential of berry cultivation in the region; identifying challenges and prospects associated with the use and development of forest food resources. The study employed a combination of theoretical, empirical, and comprehensive research methods, including document analysis, marketing research in the form of a survey of Arkhangelsk region residents, and SWOT analysis. The comprehensive study generated conclusions and recommendations regarding the utilization of forest food resources in agroforestry, as well as the need for further research on predictive models for berry yields and interactive maps showcasing the locations of wild plants accessible to the local population. A practical innovation proposed in this study is the development of interactive GIS maps to be used by the region’s inhabitants that display the localization of wild plants based on a network of fixed testing sites. This approach aims to foster sustainable and multifaceted forest management development.
Developing the workforce potential of Russia’s Arctic regions: Public administration priorities
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korchak Elena A.
Published: June 2023

The development of workforce potential is closely intertwined with the issues of assessing its quality, which encompasses a set of requirements determining its suitability to meet the needs of the Arctic and national economies. The goal of this study was to develop science-based recommendations for shaping public administration priorities to develop workforce potential in Russia’s Arctic regions. The objectives included identifying the formation issues, current state, and utilization of workforce potential in Russia’s Arctic regions and formulating theoretical and practical recommendations for the development of public administration mechanisms. The research methodology is based on the integral method previously developed by the authors for assessing workforce potential quality, whose algorithm can also identify the actions to perform in order to influence the elements of workforce potential. As a result of the study, the role of the government in solving the problems identified was substantiated, and the priorities for controlling the development process of workforce potential in Russia’s Arctic were determined. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the elaboration of science-based practical recommendations for shaping public administration priorities in the development of workforce potential in Russia’s Arctic based on a comprehensive assessment of its quality. The practical significance of this research lies in its potential application in further studies on the theory and practice of the public management of workforce potential in Russia’s Arctic regions. Further research prospects in this area are driven by the need to formulate regional concepts for workforce potential management.
The effect of demographic factors on the workforce in Northern resource-based regions
Authors:   Research Institute of Regional Economics of the North, North-Eastern Federal University, Kondratieva Valentina I. , Tarasova-Sivtceva Oksana M. ,   Research Institute of Regional Economics of the North, North-Eastern Federal University
Published: June 2023

The demographic challenges faced by Northern regions are closely tied to economic development and require specific methodological approaches that account for the unique population dynamics in the vast but sparsely populated northern territories of the Russian Federation. This article explores the theoretical aspects of regional socio-economic development in relation to the demographic system and trends in socio-economic development. The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of demographic factors on the current labor market and workforce structure in Northern resource-based regions (NRBRs). Examining the present situation in these regions reveals a certain degree of population stabilization, with the exception of the Magadan region, population aging, an increase in demographic burden, and urbanization. A correlation and regression analysis shows significant direct and inverse relationships with factors shaping the labor market. A conclusion is made about the statistically significant positive relationship between male and female employment rates and parameters such as the share of the working-age population and the level of education. The study’s scientific novelty lies in the methodological approach developed and tested by the authors to evaluate demographic and economic factors influencing the modern labor market in NRBRs. Further development of state mechanisms to regulate demographic development is necessary to ensure that the regional labor market is adequately supplied with skilled personnel. The implementation of the Concept of Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation until 2025 and the Demography National Project can have a positive impact on demographic processes and the formation of regional labor markets. The results of the study can be valuable to executive authorities for monitoring and forecasting socio-economic processes at the regional level.
Growing interest in Arctic affairs on the part of non-Arctic state India
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies, Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tuinova Svetlana S. , Baxter Christopher ,   City Council of Manchester, United Kingdom
Published: June 2023

This Research Communication examines how and why India’s interest in Arctic affairs has evolved since it became an Observer state to the Arctic Council (AC) in 2013. The paper also asks what strengths India can offer to support AC member states to resume joint scientific research involving Russia? The study is based on the analysis of reports and media texts. The graphical method is used to present research results. Our findings demonstrate that India’s interest in Arctic affairs has grown since 2013 and today, in 2023, through achievements in scientific works, India has a goal to establish itself as an influential presence within the Arctic. Since 2011 India has been conducting studies on climate change in the Arctic. After becoming an Observer state in the AC, India actively participates in meetings of the Senior Arctic Officials, contributes to the six working groups of the AC and sustains engagement with the Arctic Energy Summit, Arctic Science Ministerial and Task Forces. India’s focus on cryospheric research has helped improve Arctic oceanography, atmosphere, pollution and microbiology. The study showed that the Arctic region is crucial for India as processes in this region affect atmospheric, oceanographic and biogeochemical cycles of the Earth’s ecosystem, especially in the Himalayas, commonly referred to as the Third Pole. The Arctic and the Himalayas are interconnected and share similar concerns. In considering how India’s activities can aid the Arctic region, we found that India has one of the most advanced space programs in the world and can offer expertise in providing satellite communication in remote areas. We also paid attention to how India may contribute politically to stability between the AC states. We conclude that with India taking over the G20 Presidency in 2022 it is likely that India could potentially act as a creditable and legitimate mediator to restore stability within the Arctic region. The G20 is extremely relevant to the Arctic, as six of the eight AC Permanent members and 12 of the 13 AC Observers are represented at the G20 Forum, and the G20 Forum’s agenda includes climate change, sustainable development, and the environment all of which are threatened by the downsizing of scientific research in the Arctic.
IV International scientific and practical conference, “Topical issues of teaching the Russian language at secondary and tertiary levels”
Authors: Южакова Ю.А.
Published: June 2023

В декабре 2014 года по поручению Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации наш вуз проводил Межрегиональную конференцию «Актуальные вопросы обучения русскому (родному) языку», цель которой заключалась в объединении усилий образовательного сообщества, видных деятелей науки для выявления и решения проблем обучения русскому (родному) языку в общеобразовательных учреждениях России, совершенствования содержания и методов языкового образования, пропаганды русского языка.

In December 2014, on behalf of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, our university held the Interregional Conference "Actual Issues of Teaching the Russian (Native) Language", the purpose of which was to unite the efforts of the educational community, prominent scientists in order to identify and solve the problems of teaching Russian (native) language in general educational institutions of Russia, improving the content and methods of language education, promoting the Russian language.
EFFECT OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE ON DIMENSIONAL STABILITY OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE IMPREGNATED WOOD
Authors: AUGUSTINA SARAH , DWIANTO WAHYU , RAHANDI LUBIS MUHAMMAD ADLY , DAMAYANTI RATIH , SUDARWOKO ADI DANANG , MALIK JAMALUDIN , WAHYUDI IMAM , DARMAWAN WAYAN , GERARDIN PHILIPPE , MARBUN SARI DELVIANA , ISODA HIROSHI
Published: June 2023

This research deals with low molecular weight-phenol formaldehyde (LMW–PF) impregnation on sepetir (Sindora spp), nyatoh (Palaquium spp.), and pisang putih (Mezzettia spp.) woods to determine the effect of different anatomical structure on weight percent gain and dimensional stability improvement. The wood samples were impregnated using LMW–PF solutions with 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11% of concentrations (w/w), vacuum-pressured (–98 kPa, 15 min, 350 kPa, 4 h), and re-immersed in 80°C for 3 h. According to the findings, LMW–PF impregnation reduced coefficient of swelling by 9.64–29.95%, and increased anti-swelling efficiency by 12.24–29.91%. Additionally, the water absorption and thickness swelling reduced by 2.43–38.75% and 15.94–34.21%, respectively, indicating the improvement of dimensional stability. Microscopy and NIR analysis revealed the presence and reaction of LMW–PF within porous wood matrix. The effect of diverse anatomical structures caused complexity on LMW–PF impregnation. Sepetir-treated wood with fewer anatomical barriers resulted in better dimensional stability improvement than others.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BURNING OF ORIENTED STRAND BOARDS EXPOSED TO FLAME
Authors: RANTUCH PETER , MARTINKA JOZEF , ŠTEFKO TOMÁŠ , WACHTER IGOR , BEDNÁRIKOVÁ MÁRIA ZUZANA
Published: June 2023

Since the methods based on the interaction of a relatively low intensity flame on the lignocellulose sample surface often do not allow measuring the heat release rate (HRR), a procedure using oxygen consumption calorimetry was proposed. The method was applied to OSB samples with dimensions of 320 mm x 140 mm x 25 mm placed in a vertical position. During the measurement, in addition to the HRR, the production of smoke, which was significant after stopping the burner, was also monitored. The average net value of HRR at burner outputs of 3 kW, 4 kW and 5 kW was 2.339 kW and the smoke specific extinction area was in the range of 10.88 m2.kg-1 and 13.19 m2.kg-1.
FRACTURE TESTING OF EDGE-NOTCHED TIMBER BEAMS WITH DIFFERENT GROWTH RING ORIENTATIONS
Authors: KIRÁLY TAMÁS , KARÁCSONYI ZSOLT
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research is to test Norway spruce specimens with different growth ring orientations weakened by edge-notch until failure. In the experiments the specimens were subjected to 3-point bending, tension and compression tests. In addition, failure mode during loading is investigated using a high-resolution camera. Based on the measurement results the correlation between latewood ratio, ultimate force, ultimate elongation/deflection, calculated moduli, growth ring orientation and diameter of the growth ring at the edge-notch were obtained. Based on the population data of the three tests conducted, only one parameter pair, namely the ratio of latewood to calculated modulus, influences the measurement results to almost the same extent. The other parameter pairs show different values and correlations.
La Gestión en Relación al Cliente (CRM), como Estrategia de Negocio en la Ciudad de Pilar, Paraguay
Authors: Insaurralde Del Puerto Nadia Jazmín
Published: June 2023

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la implementación del Customer Relationship Management (CRM) o gestión de la relación con el cliente, como estrategia de negocio en empresas de la ciudad de Pilar, Paraguay. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta a una muestra de 50 empresas, donde se recopiló información sobre la implementación del CRM, su impacto en la satisfacción y fidelización del cliente y la disposición de las empresas a recomendarlo a otras empresas del mismo sector. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, donde se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado para la recopilación de datos. La muestra de empresas se seleccionó mediante un muestreo por conveniencia y; se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión para la selección de las empresas participantes, sean éstas pequeñas y medianas empresas de al menos 5 años de antigüedad registradas en la Cámara de Comercio local. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la implementación del CRM como estrategia de negocio es beneficiosa para las empresas en términos de mejora en la satisfacción y fidelización del cliente. Además, la mayoría de las empresas encuestadas están dispuestas a recomendarlo a otras empresas del mismo sector.
Abordaje nutricional en el tratamiento de la depresión, revisión bibliográfica.
Authors: Vásquez Quishpe Evelyn Tatiana , Guanga Lara Verónica Elizabeth , Hidalgo Morales Kattyta Patricia
Published: June 2023

La depresión es una enfermedad o trastorno mental caracterizado por una profunda tristeza, bajo estado de ánimo, baja autoestima, pérdida de interés en todo y deterioro de la función mental. Como complemento del tratamiento primario está el abordaje nutricional y la adaptación a un estilo de vida más saludable como actividad física regular. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta revisión es evidenciar el abordaje nutricional de la depresión. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica basada en información científica actualizada de 42 artículos originales, revisión, estudios de caso, libros, guía de práctica clínica, de base de datos como Pubmed, Web of sciencie, Scielo.  Resultados: Las enfermedades mentales representan uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública, la depresión pueden ser tratada consumo adecuado de alimentos ricos en calcio, hierro y folato, Las vitaminas del complejo B tiamina y riboflavina, antioxidantes como, frutas, verduras, frutos secos y grasas de legumbres, productos lácteos y huevos, al igual que realizar actividad física y mantener hábitos saludables. Conclusión: Mantener hábitos alimentarios saludables tiene efectos preventivos, pronósticos e incluso terapéuticos sobre los síntomas depresivos; el abordaje nutricional se basa la dieta mediterránea y la adaptación a un estilo de vida más saludable dentro de los programas de educación para la salud, educación alimentaria nutricional como parte de un enfoque integral para tratar la depresión.
Viés racial em sistemas de inteligência artificial
Authors: Borges Gustavo Silveira , Faleiros Júnior José Luiz Moura
Published: June 2023

Este artigo aborda os desafios para a responsabilização civil por ilícitos relacionados a falhas de sistemas de inteligência artificial enviesados em relação a questões raciais. Explora-se a possibilidade de um algoritmo ser considerado racista – o que não se confirma nas conclusões – e como isso pode causar danos pela ação omissiva de quem não realiza adequada curadoria de dados que conduzem ao viés algorítmico. Além disso, discute-se a necessidade de parametrização normativa baseada na gradação do risco, em linha com o modelo que segue em discussão na União Europeia. A pesquisa utiliza o método dedutivo, com embasamento bibliográfico e revisitação de conceitos teóricos. O objetivo é buscar uma conclusão diante desse tema problemático, considerando a preservação dos direitos humanos e os desafios apresentados pela evolução dos algoritmos e dos sistemas de inteligência artificial.
A SPectroscopic Survey of Biased Halos in the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): JWST Reveals a Filamentary Structure around a z = 6.61 Quasar
Authors: Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi , Hennawi Joseph F. , Fan Xiaohui , Sun Fengwu , Champagne Jaclyn B. , Costa Tiago , Habouzit Melanie , Endsley Ryan , Li Zihao , Lin Xiaojing , Meyer Romain A. , Schindler Jan–Torge , Wu Yunjing , Bañados Eduardo , Barth Aaron J. , Bhowmick Aklant K. , Bieri Rebekka , Blecha Laura , Bosman Sarah , Cai Zheng , Colina Luis , Connor Thomas , Davies Frederick B. , Decarli Roberto , De Rosa Gisella , Drake Alyssa B. , Egami Eiichi , Eilers Anna-Christina , Evans Analis E. , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Haiman Zoltan , Jiang Linhua , Jin Xiangyu , Jun Hyunsung D. , Kakiichi Koki , Khusanova Yana , Kulkarni Girish , Li Mingyu , Liu Weizhe , Loiacono Federica , Lupi Alessandro , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Onoue Masafusa , Pudoka Maria A. , Rojas-Ruiz Sofía , Shen Yue , Strauss Michael A. , Tee Wei Leong , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Trebitsch Maxime , Venemans Bram , Volonteri Marta , Walter Fabian , Xie Zhang-Liang , Yue Minghao , Zhang Haowen , Zhang Huanian , Zou Siwei
Published: June 2023

We present the first results from the JWST program A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE). This program represents an imaging and spectroscopic survey of 25 reionization-era quasars and their environments by utilizing the unprecedented capabilities of NIRCam Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy (WFSS) mode. ASPIRE will deliver the largest (

∼
280

arcmin

2

) galaxy redshift survey at 3–4 μm among JWST Cycle 1 programs and provide extensive legacy values for studying the formation of the earliest supermassive black holes, the assembly of galaxies, early metal enrichment, and cosmic reionization. In this first ASPIRE paper, we report the discovery of a filamentary structure traced by the luminous quasar J0305–3150 and 10 [O iii] emitters at z = 6.6. This structure has a 3D galaxy overdensity of δ
gal = 12.6 over 637 cMpc3, one of the most overdense structures known in the early universe, and could eventually evolve into a massive galaxy cluster. Together with existing VLT/MUSE and ALMA observations of this field, our JWST observations reveal that J0305–3150 traces a complex environment where both UV-bright and dusty galaxies are present and indicate that the early evolution of galaxies around the quasar is not simultaneous. In addition, we discovered 31 [O iii] emitters in this field at other redshifts, 5.3 < z < 6.7, with half of them situated at z ∼ 5.4 and 6.2. This indicates that star-forming galaxies, such as [O iii] emitters, are generally clustered at high redshifts. These discoveries demonstrate the unparalleled redshift survey capabilities of NIRCam WFSS and the potential of the full ASPIRE survey data set.
The Gravitational-wave Background Null Hypothesis: Characterizing Noise in Millisecond Pulsar Arrival Times with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
Authors: Reardon Daniel J. , Zic Andrew , Shannon Ryan M. , Di Marco Valentina , Hobbs George B. , Kapur Agastya , Lower Marcus E. , Mandow Rami , Middleton Hannah , Miles Matthew T. , Rogers Axl F. , Askew Jacob , Bailes Matthew , Bhat N. D. Ramesh , Cameron Andrew , Kerr Matthew , Kulkarni Atharva , Manchester Richard N. , Nathan Rowina S. , Russell Christopher J. , Osłowski Stefan , Zhu Xing-Jiang
Published: June 2023

The noise in millisecond pulsar (MSP) timing data can include contributions from observing instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the pulsars themselves. The noise environment must be accurately characterized in order to form the null hypothesis from which signal models can be compared, including the signature induced by nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). Here we describe the noise models developed for each of the MSPs in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) third data release, which have been used as the basis of a search for the isotropic stochastic GW background. We model pulsar spin noise, dispersion measure variations, scattering variations, events in the pulsar magnetospheres, solar wind variability, and instrumental effects. We also search for new timing model parameters and detected Shapiro delays in PSR J0614−3329 and PSR J1902−5105. The noise and timing models are validated by testing the normalized and whitened timing residuals for Gaussianity and residual correlations with time. We demonstrate that the choice of noise models significantly affects the inferred properties of a common-spectrum process. Using our detailed models, the recovered common-spectrum noise in the PPTA is consistent with a power law with a spectral index of γ = 13/3, the value predicted for a stochastic GW background from a population of supermassive black hole binaries driven solely by GW emission.
Astrobiology eXploration at Enceladus (AXE): A New Frontiers Mission Concept Study
Authors: Seaton K. Marshall , Gyalay Szilárd , Stucky de Quay Gaia , Burnett Ethan R. , Denton C. Adeene , Doerr Bryce , Ebadi Kamak , Eckert Stephanie , Flynn Ian. T. W. , Honniball Casey I. , Hume Shayna , Kling Corbin L. , Marohnic Julian C. , Milton Julia , Mondro Claire A. , Nuno Raquel G. , Rooney Caoimhe M. , Strauss Beck E. , Nash Alfred , Scully Jennifer E. C.
Published: June 2023

The Saturnian moon Enceladus presents a unique opportunity to sample the contents of a subsurface liquid water ocean in situ via the continuous plume formed over its south polar terrain using a multi-flyby mission architecture. Previous analyses of the plume’s composition by Cassini revealed an energy-rich system laden with salts and organic compounds, representing an environment containing most of the ingredients for life as we know it. Following in the footsteps of the Cassini-Huygens mission, we present Astrobiology eXploration at Enceladus (AXE), a New Frontiers class Enceladus mission concept study carried out during the 2021 NASA Planetary Science Summer School program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. We demonstrate that a scientifically compelling geophysical and life-detection mission to Enceladus can be carried out within the constraints of a New Frontiers-5 cost cap using a modest instrument suite, requiring only a narrow angle, high-resolution telescopic imager, a mass spectrometer, and a high-gain antenna for radio communications and gravity science measurements. Using a multi-flyby mission architecture, AXE would evaluate the habitability and potential for life at Enceladus through a synergistic combination of in situ chemical analysis measurements aimed at directly detecting the presence of molecular biosignatures, along with geophysical and geomorphological investigations to contextualize chemical biosignatures and further evaluate the habitability of Enceladus over geologic time.
A comparative analysis of the sexual culture and behavior of nursing students from the Medical University of Plovdiv in the period 2009-2019
Authors: Taneva Daniela , Kirkova-Bogdanova Angelina , Vladimirova Marieta , Katsarska Radoslava , Vakrilova-Becheva Maria
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Population reproduction and family planning are highly dependent on sexual culture and sexual behavior. In this study, we seek to determine whether, over a ten-year period from 2009 to 2019, there have been any changes in the sexual culture of nursing students in relation to the knowledge of risk factors for unintended pregnancies and subsequent abortions.

Materials and methods: A group anonymous survey was used to gather primary data from 219 nursing students from the Medical College at the Medical University of Plovdiv in 2009 and 210 nursing students from the Faculty of Public Health at the same institution in 2019. The studies in both cohorts were cross-sectional.

Results and discussion: We found that students’ perceptions of sexual culture did not change significantly in the study period. There were some changes in the students’ attitudes toward voluntary abortion in the ten years between 2009 and 2019. Age and marital status were found to be essential factors in determining whether an unplanned pregnancy would be maintained or aborted. Future medical professionals are aware of how having an abortion affects a woman’s health and ability to reproduce.

Conclusions: In promoting sexual and reproductive health, medical professionals play a crucial role. It is, therefore, essential that a course on sexual health be added to the curriculum of medical universities training healthcare professionals.
Composition and chronic toxicity of dry methanol-aqueous extract of wild-growing Satureja montana
Authors: Vilmosh Natalia , Georgieva-Kotetarova Maria , Dimitrova Stela , Zgureva Maria , Atanassova Pepa K. , Hrischev Petar I. , Kostadinova Ivanka
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Satureja montana is a wild growing medicinal plant, part of the Lamiaceae family. This herb is well known as a source of phenolic compounds, which can vary in a broad range depending on different factors and exert many pharmacological activities.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the composition and chronic toxicity of dry extract of Satureja montana.

Material and methods: The composition was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatographic system with diode-array detector. To establish the chronic toxicity of dry extract of Satureja montana we used 40 eight-week-old male Wistar rats, treated orally with saline, olive oil (control groups), Satureja montana at a dose of 500 mg/kg bw, carvacrol – 500 mg/kg bw, and rosmarinic acid – 15 mg/kg bw. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and blood samples and organs for histological examination were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using IBM SPSS 19.0.

Results: Rosmarinic acid and small quantities of carvacrol were found in the dry extract of Satureja montana. Full blood count and the biochemical parameters ASAT, ALAT, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and ionized Ca were in the reference values for 17+ weeks old male Wistar rats. The histological samples showed no signs of organ toxicity.

Conclusions: The main ingredient in the dry extract of Satureja montana is rosmarinic acid. The extract is not toxic after 90-days oral administration.
Infinite series about harmonic numbers inspired by Ramanujan–like formulae
Authors: Li Chunli , Chu Wenchang
Published: June 2023

By employing the coefficient extraction method from hypergeometric series, we shall establish numerous closed form evaluations for infinite series containing central binomial coefficients and harmonic numbers, including several conjectured ones made by Z.-W. Sun.
Sustainable production model with stochastic machine breakdown using smart manufacturing under circular economy
Authors: Saxena Neha , Kumar Jitendra , Sana Shib Sankar
Published: June 2023

Machine breakdown usually implies unexpected physical damage to machinery due to any reason which requires fixing or replacement to continue the process. This article presentsan investigation of a sustainable model with stochastic machine breakdown. To reduce the risk of disruption,a smart manufacturing system is used. Considering the environmental issues faced by people,the model is developed under a circular economy through end-of-life treatment to recapture the value of the product,labor and resources. The used buyback products are collected,out of which items in good condition are remanufactured and sold in another market while the rest are salvaged. As the production process is not perfectly reliable,the serviceable products go through an automated inspection process,and imperfect items are reworked. A mathematical model is developed for deterioration of items to analyze the optimal replenishment policies,and the results have been illustrated with numerical verification. Based on the analysis,some managerial insights have been provided for decision-makers.
James Webb Space Telescope: Early History, Telescope Characteristics, and New Discoveries on High Redshift Galaxies
Authors: IM Myungshin
Published: June 2023

Since its launch in December 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been revealing new, fascinating views of the universe. Originally envisioned to probe the early universe to understand the origin of the human kinds, JWST is now fulling the promise with discoveries of tens of high redshift galaxies in the early universe. This article briefly introduces the historical aspects of the development of the telescope, its characteristics and capabilities, early simulations of high redshift galaxies, and current observational results regarding high redshift galaxies and controversies surrounding them.
Una posible influencia: la Epístola de la Contemplación (Risālat al-iʿtibār) de Ibn Masarra (m. 931) y Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān (Risālat Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān) de Ibn Ṭufayl’s (m. 1185)
Authors: Von Doetinchem de Rande Raissa
Published: June 2023

Este artículo plantea la posibilidad de considerar la Epístola de la Contemplación (Risālat al-iʿtibār) de Ibn Masarra como otra posible influencia en la famosa novela filosófica de Ibn Ṭufayl, Ḥayy ibn Yaqẓān. Las características compartidas en los argumentos básicos de las dos obras sobre la compatibilidad de la razón y la revelación como los dos caminos para alcanzar el conocimiento y su similar uso epistemológico del concepto de fiṭra como la base del ascenso racional demuestran que la epístola de Ibn Masarra constituyó una fuente para la historia ideada por Ibn Ṭufayl. Sin embargo, una comparación de ambas obras demuestra diferencias importantes en sus concepciones del fin de la contemplación y de la fiṭra y, de ahí, en las ideas de cada autor acerca de la paridad entre razón y revelación. Considerando tanto sus características compartidas más significativas como sus diferencias más importantes, este artículo plantea la posible existencia de una conexión significativa entre los dos textos andalusíes. Dado que hay una escasez relativa de datos históricos sobre los dos autores, este artículo no aborda la historia material de ninguno de los textos o las circunstancias históricas de sus autores. En cambio, concluye que, a pesar de los matices divergentes entre las dos obras, sus paralelos justifican considerar la epístola de Ibn Masarra como otra influencia posible en la estructura y objetivos de la novela de Ibn Ṭufayl.
Opposing English, Contesting Capitalism: Pearse’s and Connolly’s discourses on the “Necessity for De-Anglicising Ireland” in the Early 20th Century
Authors: Petit Cahill Kevin
Published: June 2023

Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont deux figures politiques irlandaises majeures du début du XXe siècle, Pádraic H. Pearse et James Connolly, mettaient en relation des questions de langues avec des questions d’économie politique. A travers l’étude de textes et de leur contexte socio-politique de production, je montre que pour les deux activistes l’opposition à la langue anglaise était consubstantielle à la révolution pour une Irlande libre et socialiste. Je souhaite ainsi souligner que le mouvement d’opposition à l’anglais du début du XXe siècle en Irlande n’était pas l’apanage de bourgeois conservateurs, comme la littérature scientifique peut parfois laisser entendre. Plus largement, cet article se veut une réflexion sur le potentiel émancipateur des mouvements de revitalisation linguistique.
Terminologie militante et changement social : le cas du terme femicide dans le discours de l’ONU sur la violence envers les femmes
Authors: Atzeni Célia
Published: June 2023

Dans le but plus général d’étudier la manière dont les choix langagiers pourraient influencer et refléter des changements sociaux sur la thématique de la violence envers les femmes, le présent article s’intéresse à l’apparition et l’utilisation du terme femicide dans un corpus informatisé diachronique composé de rapports et communiqués de presse de l’Organisation des Nations Unies traitant de cette thématique et publiés entre 1996 et 2019. Il est notamment observé une prédominance de ce terme au regard d’autres termes désignant des violences entraînant la mort d’une ou plusieurs femmes, en particulier dans les années 2010, que nous tentons d’expliquer à travers une étude socio-historique de l’utilisation de ce terme dans le cadre de l’analyse critique du discours, qui tend à montrer que l’emploi de femicide dans le discours de l’ONU ne rencontre pas toutes les attentes que les militantes féministes y avaient placées, conduisant à un impact mitigé au regard des changements sociaux dont le terme se voulait porteur.
Usages de l’anglais dans les intitulés de postes d'un corpus francophone. Analyse discursive outillée d’un corpus d’annonces d’emploi en ligne
Authors: Vialar Corentin , Debras Camille , Eshkol-Taravella Iris
Published: June 2023

Comme dans nombre d’autres pays d’Europe, les intitulés de postes sur le marché de l’emploi français, en particulier dans le secteur des affaires, incluent des termes anglais. L’analyse linguistique outillée d’un corpus d’annonces d’emploi en ligne proposée dans cette étude rend compte des usages de l’anglais dans les intitulés de postes français. Si certains emprunts anglais ont fait leur entrée dans le lexique français, d’autres formes en anglais créent des redondances, en lien avec les valeurs (affectives, sociales et économiques) attribuées à l’anglais sur le marché linguistique. Lorsque la construction des intitulés de postes implique l’utilisation hybride des deux langues, elle suit des règles morpho-syntaxiques cohérentes et identifiables. La langue anglaise, bien que moins marquée que le français en termes de genre grammatical, est également mobilisée pour exprimer la parité (poste destiné tant à un homme qu’à une femme).