bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Different Culture Media Compositions on In Vitro Micropropagation from Paradox Walnut Rootstock Nodes
Authors: DİRLİK Cem , KANDEMİR Hacer , ÇETİN Nurberat , ŞEN Senem , GÜLER Begüm , GÜREL Aynur
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to establish an effective protocol for in vitro micropropagation from node explants of the 'Paradox' (Juglans regia x J. hindsii) rootstock. In the first stage of the study, the node explants were cultured in semi-solid media after being exposed to different sterilization methods. The most effective sterilization method was observed as ST2 with the lowest darkening rate (4 %). According to the results, SP4 medium provided the highest number of shoots per unit explant (1.05 shoots/explant) and 100 % shoot formation, SP2 medium provided the best mean shoot length (1.6 cm) and the mean number of nodes per unit explant (7.95 nodes/explant). Best root induction was provided from ½ Modified MS medium containing 4 mg/L IBA with 30 g/L sucrose. For root induction explants were retained under dark conditions for 7 days at 24±2oC. In order to ensure root formation and elongation, shoot explants with root induction cultured in a 16-hour photoperiod (3500 lux) for 21 days in different nutrient media containing 2.4 mg/L Gelrite, hormone-free and mixed with vermiculite (1:1 v/v) and was rooting rate is 45.45 % in ¼DFe medium.
A Review of New Istanbul B1 Level Textbook Writing Activities
Authors: KOCAMANGİL YILDIRIM Ezgi , ŞENTÜRK Burcu
Published: December 2022

Writing skill is seen as a complex and difficult skill compared to other language skills. In order to improve the writing skills of language learners, it is necessary to both diversify the writing activities and work with activities that include different methods. Considering that textbooks are the resources that learners and instructors can easily access in foreign language learning, textbooks should have diversity in terms of writing tasks and methods. The aim of this study is to determine the writing tasks in the textbooks used in teaching Turkish as a foreign language, the compatibility of these tasks with the B1 level skills determined in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, and the writing methods used in the activities. In the study, "New Istanbul B1 Level Textbook" is examined. First of all, the compatibility of writing activities in the book with CEFR B1 level writing skills was examined. Then, the writing methods used in the activities (controlled writing, guided writing, critical writing, fill-in-the-blank, etc.) were determined. In this study, document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. In the study, it was concluded that New Istanbul B1 Level Textbook writing tasks were compatible with CEFR B1 level writing skills and different writing methods were used in writing tasks.
Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients of Certain Risk Groups
Authors: Ololenko Matvey , Baizuldinova Diana , Mursalov Ibad , Dosalieva Karina , Kurshalieva Zalina , Malyugina Olga
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of issues related to the organization of prevention of cardiovascular diseases
in patients of certain risk groups. According to the researcher, these are preventive measures with their competent
implementation that can reduce the risk of morbidity, and also increase the survival of certain groups of patients,
especially those suffering from concomitant diseases. Measures in this area should include timely diagnosis of the health
status of such patients with their attribution to a certain risk group, as well as the development of an individual plan
for drug therapy, diet and physical activity, which should take into account the specifics of the patient’s health. All of
the above will contribute to reducing the morbidity of the population with the disease in question and increasing the
survival rate of patients suffering from concomitant diseases, since preventive measures will reduce the burden on the
cardiovascular system
Prevalence of non-adherence to medications in people with type 2 Diabetes mellitus
Authors: AlFhaid Fahad , Alzahrani Mansour , Alzahrani Hayat , Aljulifi Mohammed , Alqabbani Abdulrahman , Alzaidy Nawaf , Almutairi Abdulrahman , Alsaadoon Saleh
Published: December 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, non-communicable disease that has an increasing incidence rate over time as well as increasing disease-related deaths. Furthermore, around half of diabetic patients are unaware actually about their disease, and more are not taking their medications.
This study aimed to determine the extent of medication adherence and factors contributing to non-adherence among diabetic patients in Majmaah governance, Saudi Arabia. This is an observational cross-sectional study design conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes. A self- administered questionnaire was distributed among diabetic patients .The questionnaire consisted of socio- demographic data, HbA1c level, duration of DM, family history of DM, DM medications and 12-Item Medication Adherence Scale. 180 patients with diabetes type 2 were involved (71.7% females vs. 28.3% males). The prevalence of patients with uncontrolled HbA1c levels was 25%. Family history of DM constitutes 74.4%. The most preferred route for drug administration was oral (50.6%). High non-adherent to medication was found among 57.8%. The independent significant factor associated with high non-adherence to DM medication was uncontrolled HbA1c while being a female was the independent significant factor for low non-adherent to DM medication. The non-adherent of the diabetic patients regarding anti-diabetes medications was widely prevalent. Female patients tend to be more adherent to DM medication than their male counterparts. This study established the fact that uncontrolled glycated hemoglobin was a detrimental factor in adherence to anti-DM medications. More studies are required to raise the awareness of the diabetic population regarding the importance of medication adherence.
EGO EIMI DALAM ALAM PIKIRAN RASUL YOHANES
Authors: Kansil Yefta Alexander
Published: December 2022

Perkataan ἐγώ εἰμι (Ego Eimi, “Aku adalah”) yang diucapkan oleh Yesus Kristus adalah sebuah pengakuan khas Yesus akan diri-Nya sendiri yang bernilai teologis bagi kekristenan secara umum. Pengakuan-Nya itu sangat digarisbawahi di dalam Injil Yohanes. Meskipun ucapan Yesus ini begitu signifikan dalam Yohanes, namun ada pihak-pihak yang menafsirkan kembali ucapan itu dan dengan demikian berusaha mengecilkan implikasi makna perkataan-Nya itu. Khususnya dari kalangan kristen unitarian, mereka tidak sependapat dengan kaum kristen mainstream yang trinitarian mengenai arti dari Ego Eimi yang diucapkan Yesus ini untuk mendukung presuposisi teologis yang mereka anut mengenai identitas Yesus. Hingga saat ini doktrin-doktrin utama kekristenan seperti ini terus-menerus mengalami tantangan serius yang mempertanyakannya sampai pada tingkat teks Kitab Suci. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif komparatif antara ayat di Tanakh dan LXX yang mewakili semua perkataan Ego Eimi yang diucapkan oleh Yesus mengenai diri-Nya, baik yang absolut maupun yang dilengkapi dengan predikat nominatif dengan ayat-ayat dalam Perjanjian Lama yang memiliki fitur lingustik dan konteks yang sama. Ruang lingkup objek penelitian dibatasi hanya dalam Injil Yohanes saja. Sebagai kesimpulan, penelitian ini secara literal mengindikasikan kesetaraan esensi Ilahi Yesus Kristus dan Yahweh.
Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Botanicals in Controlling Wheat Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae triticum in vitro
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Rehena M. K. , Aminuzzaman F. M. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Ashrafi M. L. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Chowdhury M.S.M. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Habiba U. A. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Nazifa Z. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh, Ahmed M. ,   Scientific Officer, Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701
Published: December 2022

The present research work was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of eight fresh botanicals namely Azadirachta indica (Neem leaf), Allium cepa (Onion bulb), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allamanda cathartica (Allamanda leaf), Nigella sativa (Black cumin) and Aloe vera (Aloe vera) against Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT) and solvent, ethanol (95%) was used for the phytochemical extraction of various plant parts. Three concentrations namely 1:1 (w/v), 1:0.50 (w/v) and 1:0.25 (w/v) of plant parts and ethanol were used for botanical extraction. The antifungal activity of botanicals against a virulent MoT isolate CHMoT07 was evaluated in-vitro using poison food technique. The lowest mycelia growth was recorded with Aloe vera (Aloe vera leaf) extracts and Nigella sativa (Black cumin seeds) extracts @ 1:1 w/v and @ 1:0.25 w/v with growth rate of 3.00 mm and 3.33 mm respectively at 7 days after inoculation, whereas the highest mycelia growth rate of MoT isolates was recorded in control plates both at 7 DAI and 14 DAI under in-vitro condition.
Molecular Genetic Diversity in Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc] Assessed by Microsatellite Markers
Authors:   Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri 1526, Nigeria, Chinenye Onwubiko Nwakuche , Ifeanyi Uguru Michael ,   Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria, Ovute Chimdi Grace ,   Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi 0231, Nigeria
Published: December 2022

Bambara groundnut is a valuable leguminous crop with many landraces. A study was carried out to establish genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship, among 33 Bambara groundnut accessions based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The nine microsatellite markers amplified a total of 27 alleles with a mean of 6.00 alleles per locus. Marker P 36 had the highest number of polymorphic bands while makers P131 and P68 were monomorphic. Genetic distance among the accessions based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranged from 0.84 to 1.00. Cluster analysis resolved the accessions into five major groups with subgroups. Each group had a combination of distinct accessions from different geographical origin. A substantial level of intra-accession polymorphism was obtained among the evaluated collection of Bambara groundnut. The significant genetic diversity observed can support the selection of appropriate parental genotypes for the improvement of Bambara groundnut through various breeding programmes.
Detoxification and Removal of Hexavalent Chromium in Aquatic Systems: Applications of Bioremediation
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, GQ 11600, Sri Lanka, Aththanayake A.M.K.C.B. , Rathnayake I.V.N. ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, GQ 11600, Sri Lanka, Deeyamulla M.P. ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, GQ 11600, Sri Lanka
Published: December 2022

Chromium is a transition metal with a wide range of applications in leather tanning, textile, electroplating, stainless steel production, inorganic chemical production and wood preservation industries due to yellow colouration, corrosion resistance, higher melting-point and crystalline structure with raging of oxidation states from 0 to +6. Trivalent and hexavalent chromium are the most abundant forms of chromium discharged into the aquatic environment by industries. It has been reported that hexavalent chromium is highly toxic than trivalent chromium due to the higher solubility, mobility and tendency to accumulate in higher trophic levels, which, therefore, become bioavailable and causes carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on most microorganisms and animals, growth inhibition, morphological and physiological changes and yield reductions in plants. Therefore, it is essential to detoxify the above hazardous pollutants up to permissible limits, which local and international authorities have legislated concerning its threat towards biotic components. Hexavalent chromium detoxification is possible to achieve using three methods i.e. physical, chemical and biological methods. These remediation processes can eliminate highly toxic hexavalent chromium or transform it into a less toxic form of trivalent chromium, completely or partially by adsorption and reduction. Biological remediation is considered a cost-effective and ecofriendly method compared to physical and chemical remediation. Further, many biological agents have been identified as agents that can tolerate the hexavalent chromium toxicity up to certain higher levels depending on the internal and external environmental factors, indicating different metal tolerance mechanisms that are assumed to be applied in metal remediation aspects. According to the testimonies of novel bioremediation studies, some hexavalent chromium tolerant organisms such as plants, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular fungi and algae are promising eco-friendly alternatives in detoxification and hexavalent chromium removal perspective. This article reviews the bioremediation approaches available for hexavalent chromium detoxification and removal and highlights the strengths and weaknesses of current bioremediation methods.
65 Yaş Üstü Kadınlarda Üriner İnkontinans Görülme Sıklığı ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Tekeş Merve , Şahin Gamze
Published: December 2022

Üriner inkontinans, istemsiz bir şekilde idrar kaçırma durumu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Üriner inkontinans konusuyla ilgili yapılan araştırmalarda üriner inkontinansın 65 yaş üstü kadınlarda daha yüksek bir oranda görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir ve prevalansının %11 ile %80 arasında değiştiği belirtilmektedir. Üriner inkontinans kişilerin hem kendisine hem de aile üyesine psikolojik, hijyenik ve sosyo-ekonomik anlamda olumsuz etkileri olan bir sağlık sorunudur. Üriner inkontinans kişinin yaşam kalitesini düşürmektedir.Bu derlemede 65 yaş üstü kadınlarda üriner inkontinans görülme sıklığı ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Üriner inkontinans 65 yaş üstü kadınların yaşam kalitesini kötüleştirmekte ve yaşam kaliteleri medeni durum, yaş, eğitim seviyesi, inkontinans miktarı, inkontinans tipi gibi faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Üriner inkontinans yaşayan yaşlı kadınların çoğunluğu üriner inkontinans nedeniyle doktora başvurmaktan kaçınmaktadır.
YATIRIM BANKACILIĞINDA ÜRÜN EVRİMİ VE YEŞİL EKONOMİ
Authors: AYDIN Selin
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada, yatırım bankalarının günümüzdeki yeri ve gelişimi anlatılarak ilgili mevzuat doğrultusunda sektör çalışanlarının fikirlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırma, sektör çalışanlarına yönelik saha araştırması uygulamasını kapsamaktadır.

Türkiye’de yatırım bankacılığının geleceği vardır. Diğer gelişmiş ülkeler kadar iyi konumda yatırım bankalarından bahsedemesek de gelişimini devam ettirmesi için birçok yol bulunmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir bir yatırım ortamı olduğu sürece ürün evrimi gelişecek ve yeşil yatırımlara fırsat tanınacaktır.

Yatırım bankaları gün geçtikçe piyasa trendlerine hitap ederek risk modelleri ile diğer alanlara odaklanan bir ekosistemde varlığını sürdürmektedir. Küresel olarak faaliyet gösteren yatırım bankalarına işlevsel yönden bakıldığında ön ofis, orta ofis ve arka ofis kısımlarının olduğu görülmektedir. Ön ofis birebir müşteri ile temas halinde bulunan bölümlerden oluşmaktadır. Orta ofis hazine birimini kapsamaktadır. Burada fonlama ağırlıklı çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca orta ofiste yer alan iç denetim alanı yapılan tüm çalışmaların yönetmeliklere uygunluğunu denetlemektedir. Arka ofiste ise sadece alım satım işlemlerine yönelik nakit akışları yönetilmektedir.
IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE CALLUS OF THE CHIA PLANT (SALVIA HISPANICA)
Authors: AL-ALWANI A.A.M. , MOHAMMED M.A.
Published: December 2022

The latest research aimed to study the effects of plant growth regulators on inducing callus from the chia plant (Salvia hispanica) and stimulating it to produce some medicinal compounds in vitro. The study transpired at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Iraq. The use of Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium containing 2,4-D Auxin (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) had concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1 and cytokinin benzyl adenine (BA) with concentrations of 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L-1. The use of their interactions continued to induce a perpetuation of callus. In another experiment, the salicylic acid at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1 stimulated the callus to produce medicinal compounds. The results showed that for induction of callus and its sustainability in the leaves of the chia plant, the best concentration revealed 2,4-D at a rate of 3 mg L-1, which achieved the highest fresh and dry weight and dry matter percentage with values of 0.5151 g, 0.0723 g, and 13.531%, respectively. The results also showed that the addition of salicylic acid at the concentration of 10 mg L-1 to the nutrient media stimulated the formation of the active compounds.
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON POLYPLOIDIZATION: A PERSPECTIVE CONTRIBUTION OF MINOR CROPS
Authors: HIEU P.V.
Published: December 2022

Polyploidization is commonly known to become a vital process to succeed in developing potential crops. In the plant kingdom, the polyploids, i.e., aneuploidy and polyploidy, are generally developed through sexual and asexual pathways, resulting in totally increasing biomass, phytochemical compounds, and adaptation to detrimental environment. For more precision, thousands of polyploidy plant species adapted to various climatic and topographic conditions through genomic evolution. Autopolyploid, allopolyploid, and aneuploidy, as well as, different levels of ploidy are simply found in vegetables, such as, potatoes, and among fruits, i.e., bananas, watermelon, and so on. Contrastingly, in mammals, polyploidization causes congenital diseases and pregnancy loss, especially in human beings. This review article will first describe polyploidization in plants and then enumerate the advantages of its beneficial effects that are more valuable. The paper also intends to introduce new knowledge on polyploidization in crop breeding. Thus, it has further mentioned the polyploid like aneuploidy and polyploidy in a perspective contribution of minor crops in plant kingdoms and their beneficial and detrimental effects in the development of crop strategies.
EVALUATION OF TOMATO GERMPLASM FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE AT THE SEEDLING STAGE
Authors: FATIMA N. , SAEED A. , SHAKEEL A. , AWAN F.S.
Published: December 2022

Salinity consists of critical abiotic stress adversely affecting tomato growth and development. Given the increase in saline areas, breeders endeavor to develop crops that can tolerate salinity. It indicates the importance of genotypes that can grow in salt-affected soil to cope with the problem. This study focused on identifying salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive genotypes using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This study used a two-factor factorial under a complete randomized design, with three replications and three levels (T0 = control, T1 = 6 dS/m, T2 = 12 dS/m) of salt (NaCl) treatment. Data collection ensued at the seedling stage. Data for various morphological and biochemical attributes were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance and PCA to check the variation in germplasm and identification of suitable genotypes. Analysis of variance showed significant results for all attributes indicating the presence of variability in germplasm. Using PCA identified tolerant and non-tolerant tomato genotypes. Based on the results obtained from PCA analysis, genotypes AUT-318, CLN-2498A, 17884, Picendanto, 17260, 17256, 17263, and 17266 showed as salt tolerant, whereas the 19903, 19908, Target-66, H-24, 17255, Nadir, and Peelo displayed as salt-sensitive genotypes. Selected genotypes suit further use for the development of breeding material.
DEVELOPMENT OF RICE GERMPLASM BASED ON GENETIC VARIABILITY IN F5 SEGREGATING POPULATIONS
Authors: KHAN W.U. , SHAH S.M.A. , ULLAH H. , KHALIL I.H. , JADOON S.A. , WANG D.
Published: December 2022

Water scarcity is a global dilemma, and rice crop needs plenty of water for optimum growth and yield. In the current climate change scenario, developing a broad-based gene pool of rice to help the crop breeders develop high-yielding cultivars needs dire action. This study assessed the genetic variation among 10 diversified parents and their 15 F5 populations developed under limited water supply for various morphological traits. Parents and F5 populations showed significant differences at 5% and 1% for most of the studied maturity and yield traits. F5 population ‘Dokri-Basmati/DR-92’ exhibited earliest for days to heading (93) with the highest culm length (85.5 cm). Maximum flag leaf area (34.67 cm2) resulted for the F5 population ‘DR-83/NIAB-IRRI-8.’ On the other hand, the F5 population ‘DR-83/DR-92’ excelled in performance for the number of primary branches panicle-1 (11). F5 population ‘IR-8/NIAB-IRRI-9’ displayed the longest panicle (28.70 cm) with the highest number of secondary branches panicle-1 (38). Three of the F5 populations ‘DR-92/DR-83,’ ‘DR-83/NIAB-IRRI-8,’ and ‘NIAB-IRRI-9/IR-8,’ displayed maximum heritability for panicle length (0.82), the number of primary branches (0.80), and secondary branches panicle-1 (0.94), respectively, offering the prospects for development of potentially high-yielding variety. The highest genetic advance for panicle length (9.87%) emerged from the F5 population ‘DR-92/DR-83,’ which also had the highest heritability for this trait. F5 population ‘DR-83/DR-92’ manifested maximum genetic advance (3.32%) for primary branches panicle-1, while ‘NIAB-IRRI-9/IR-8’ revealed the highest genetic advance (6.26%) for secondary branches panicle-1. Both of these populations may be suitable for developing the spreading type of rice germplasm with the potential water stress. F5 populations displayed differential responses for the studied traits, with none of the segregating populations excelling for studied maturity and yield traits. However, the germplasm pool created can serve as a better collection for improving existing populations from a production traits perspective under water-stress conditions or developing new cultivars focusing these traits for the target water stress region(s).
PENERAPAN KONSEP WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PERMUKIMAN PESISIR KOTA PEKALONGAN YANG TANGGUH
Authors: Dewi Santy Paulla , Widjajanti Retno , Ristianti Novia Sari
Published: December 2022

Permukiman pesisir merupakan daerah dengan tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi, baik dari segi banjir, gelombang pasang, penurunan muka tanah, maupun ancaman dari perubahan iklim. Permukiman di Kecamatan Pekalongan Utara merupakan bagian dari wilayah pesisir, yang juga sedang berjuang mengatasi masalah banjir dan pasang surut. Upaya pemerintah saat ini cenderung responsif terhadap masalah saat ini, dan tidak ada upaya adaptif yang melihat dampak jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan penerapan konsep Water Sensitive Urban Design untuk mewujudkan permukiman pesisir yang tangguh. Konsep Water Sensitive Urban Design merupakan salah satu upaya yang didasarkan pada karakteristik pesisir. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik permukiman dan merumuskan arah desain untuk penerapan konsep Water Sensitive Urban Design. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep Water Sensitive Urban Design di Kecamatan Pekalongan Utara dapat berupa penataan batas sungai di Sungai Loji, penyediaan kolam penyimpan udara di hilir sungai, dan pemasangan sistem panen air hujan.
JUSTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN PERUBAHAN LAHAN SAWAH YANG DILINDUNGI BAGI PENGEMBANGAN SEKTOR UNGGULAN DI KOTA PEKALONGAN
Authors: Sutoto Sutoto
Published: December 2022

According to the Decree of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency, there are 254.17 hectares of protected rice fields in Pekalongan City, designated as another spatial pattern plan in the Spatial Plan of Pekalongan City, namely for the development of leading sectors. This article identifies leading sectors in Pekalongan City, using Klassen Typology, Location Quotient and Shift-Share analysis. The results of the analysis show that the trade and services sector is the leading sector in Pekalongan City. Therefore, protected paddy fields are designated as trade and service areas in the Pekalongan City Spatial Planning, have strong justification, that the development of leading sectors is aimed at increasing people's welfare
Gemilerde Kullanılan Termik Yağ Sisteminin Performans Analizleri
Authors: KARAKURT Asım Sinan , BAŞARAN Burak , ÇUBUKÇU Engin Ziya
Published: December 2022

Enerji verimliliği günümüzde giderek önem kazanmaktadır. Enerji verimliliğinin arttırılması ile yakıt tüketimi ve çevreye zararlı olan etkileri azaltmak mümkün olmaktadır. Ayrıca yakıt fiyatlarının önümüzdeki yıllarda artan trend göstermesi öngörülmektedir. Gemilerde uygulanan enerji verimliliği uygulamalarında enerji kaybının yaklaşık %25'ini oluşturan ekzoz gazından enerji kazanım yöntemleri öne çıkmaktadır. Gemilerde atık egzoz baca gazı enerjisini geri kazanmak için ekonomizer kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomizer ana kazanın ön ısıtıcısı olarak çalışırken, termik yağ sisteminin performans, maliyet ve çevresel etki analizlerini gerçekleştirmektir. Bu kapsamda ana makinesi 4350 kW, kazanı 1500 kW ve ekonomizeri 340 kW olan bir gemi ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, incelenen sistemde, termik yağ olarak Syltherm XLT ve yakıt olarak da VLSFO’nun kullanılması ile hem yakıt maliyeti açısından tasarrufun sağlandığı hem de SOx salımlarının azaldığı görülmüştür.
Polemik Kebijakan Fasilitas Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Atas Air Bersih
Authors: Haqie Muh. Fahreza , Bauti Yani Sara , Azhari Vega Antaresa Rakhmat , Wijaya Suparna
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of government policies in providing VAT facilities on the delivery of clean water. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The results of the study indicate that the VAT facility that is more suitable to be provided in the provision of clean water is the VAT facility that is not collected. This facility provides benefits for the seller (clean water entrepreneur) and the buyer (citizens). With the implementation of the non-collected VAT facility policy, clean water entrepreneurs or Taxable Employers (PKP) can still credit Input Tax obtained in connection with clean water delivery activities. In addition, the burden on the citizens can also be reduced because the selling price of clean water becomes cheaper because the Input Tax that can be credited by taxable entrepreneurs don’t become an additional component in the cost of selling clean water. The government can provide a VAT Certificate of Not Being Collected (SKTD) to clean water entrepreneurs which is a requirement so that the VAT facility that is not collected can be utilized.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak dari kebijakan pemerintah dalam memberikan fasilitas PPN terhadap penyerahan air bersih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas PPN yang lebih tepat diberikan atas penyerahan air bersih adalah fasilitas PPN tidak dipungut. Fasilitas ini memberikan keuntungan bagi pihak penjual (pengusaha air bersih) dan pembeli (masyarakat). Dengan diterapkannya kebijakan fasilitas PPN tidak dipungut, pengusaha air bersih atau PKP masih dapat mengkreditkan Pajak Masukan yang diperoleh sehubungan dengan kegiatan penyerahan air bersih. Selain itu, beban masyarakat juga dapat dikurangi dengan harga jual air bersih yang lebih murah, sebab Pajak Masukan yang dapat dikreditkan oleh PKP tidak menjadi komponen tambahan dalam harga pokok penjualan air bersih. Pemerintah dapat memberikan Surat Keterangan Tidak Dipungut (SKTD) PPN kepada pengusaha air bersih yang menjadi persyaratan agar fasilitas PPN tidak dipungut dapat dimanfaatkan.
Isolation and Growth Characterization of an Acrylamide-degrading E. cloacae strain UPM2021a Isolated from a Paddy Field
Authors: Abdullahi Ubana Muhammed , Adamu Faggo Abdullahi , Manogaran Motharasan , Yasid Nur Adeela , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: December 2022

Acrylamide is a suspected carcinogen and a global pollutant. The presence of acrylamide in the soil is a major source of this chemical. Microbe-mediated acrylamide breakdown as a bioremediation technique is gaining popularity across the world. Several bacteria capable of digesting acrylamide have been identified in paddy field soils. The best isolate was a bacterium identified tentatively as E. cloacae strain UPM2021a based on cultural, colony morphology and biochemical tests. According to early studies, ideal growth parameters included a pH range of 6.5 and 7.5 and a temperature range of 25 to 35 degrees Celsius. Acrylamide dosages of up to 2500 mg/L were explored as a single nitrogen supply. The greatest growth occurs between 300 and 1000 mg/L of acrylamide, resulting in an approximate nett growth of 3 log CFU/mL when compared to the control. Growth was practically tolerated at 1700 mg/L, and growth stopped entirely at concentrations above 2000 mg/L. Toxic heavy metals such as mercury, copper, chromium, and cadmium hampered acrylamide development with mercury being the strongest inhibitor whilst other metal ions such as copper, cadmium, and chromium show from 30 to 50% inhibition whilst lead was the least inhibiting. The relatively high tolerant of acrylamide makes this bacterium suitable for remediation of soil contaminated with acrylamide whilst its sensitivity to heavy metals chiefly mercury means metal-chelating or sequestering compounds must be added to soil contaminated with both acrylamide and heavy metals.
Growth Characterization of Bacillus sp. strain ZEID-14 on Acrylamide as the Sole Nitrogen Source
Authors: Rahman Mohd Fadhil , Hanizam Mohd Badrin , Zeid Isam M. Abu , Shukor Mohd Yunus
Published: December 2022

Acrylamide is a major pollution in soil from the breakdown of pesticides additive. Slowly but steadily, the use of microbe-mediated acrylamide breakdown as a bioremediation approach has gained attention all around the world. At room temperature, the effect of the initial pH on bacterial growth shows that the optimum pH range was discovered to be between 6.5 and 7.5. The optimal growing temperature at pH 7.5 ranged from 25 to 35 oC. In a series of experiments using a 1.0 percent (w/v) starting concentration of various organic carbon sources, it was determined that fructose, glucose and sucrose all supported the greatest amount of cellular growth on acrylamide. Acrylamide concentration of 500 mg/L promoted the most rapid expansion of growth, while levels of 1500 mg/L and higher entirely stopped growth. Mercury at 2 ppm caused 83% of inhibition whilst other metal ions such as copper, cadmium, lead and chromium showed minimal inhibition of less than 20% . The concentration of acrylamide and the time it took for this bacterium to start growing show an inverse relationship. A lag time of 1-3 days was found as the content of acrylamide was raised from 100 to 1000 mg/L while growth was abolished at 1500 mg/L. The maximal growth rate increased as acrylamide concentrations increased, indicating an overall trend of increased toxicity.

KEYWORDS
Evaluation of Bacteria Obtained from Private Well Water within Akungba-Akoko
Authors: Adeoyo O.R. , Omaku J.O.
Published: December 2022

Availability of potable water is important for healthy living. Domestic water is usually supplied to homes through private wells, boreholes and public water companies. This study aimed at evaluating bacteria from private well water samples which serves as a major water source in the study area (Akungba-Akoko). Samples were subjected to total bacterial and coliform counts using nutrient agar and eosin-methylene blue (EMB) respectively. All isolates were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. This was followed by antibiotics sensitivity test (AST). The result showed that total bacterial count ranged from 4.0 ×103 CFU/mL to 22.5 × 103 CFU/mL while total coliform count ranged from 1.0 × 100 CFU/mL to 7 × 100 CFU/mL. Gram positive bacteria belonging to the following genera; Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus were obtained, while Gram negative bacteria include; Alcaligenes, Campylobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Salmonella. Enterobacter and Pseudomonas had the highest percentages of occurrence of 15%. P. pseudo-mallei had the highest sensitivity to ofloxacin (23 mm), followed by P. fluorescens (22 mm) and C. freundii (22 mm) while B. subtilis was susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, levofloxacin. The result showed high level of bacterial contamination in all samples tested. The coliform count of all water samples exceeded the recommended level of zero. Hence, there is the need for proper wells water maintenance, control and improve hygienic practices by the households and individuals to help solve the risk of disease outbreak.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree) Oil Mouthwash on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans: In Vitro Pilot Study
Authors: Özmen Pelin , Bülbül Hayrunisa
Published: December 2022

Statement of the problem: Herbal mouthwashes have attracted attention
recently due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects and fewer
side effects than chemical preparations. To choose the most suitable mouthwash
component among these herbal preparations, in vivo and, in vitro research should
be done, respectively.
Objective: The effects of the mouthwashes containing Melaleuca alternifolia
(tea tree oil, TTO) on the infectious agents Streptococcus mutans and
Candida albicans were evaluated. The results were compared with the effect of
chlorhexidine (CHX), the accepted gold standard.
Material-Method: A 2% concentration of TTO was prepared, and suspensions
of microorganisms Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans by Mc
Farland 0.5 standard were obtained. The macrodilution tube method was used
to determine the lowest concentration inhibiting growth, and the disk diffusion
method was used to determine the growth inhibition zones. Each method was
applied for both TTO and CHX.
Results: It was determined that TTO did not inhibit the growth of S.
mutans and C.albicans at 2% concentration and MIC value could not be obtained.
On the other hand, it was observed that after the treatment with CHX, in
C.albicans and,S.mutans samples inhibition zones with the diameters of 10 and
20 mm were formed, respectively.
Conclusion: TTO cannot be a successful alternative to CHX for its 2%
concentration; It has been concluded that it can increase its antimicrobial effect
with different concentrations and other essential oil combinations.
Cytocompatibility of Novel Algae-PLA Membranes For Guided Bone Regeneration At The Level of Types I, III And V Collagen Expression
Authors: Acil Yahya , Karayürek Fatih , Uplegger Hela Helene , Aktas Oral Cenk
Published: December 2022

Statement of the problem: In recent years, the development of innovative
and increasingly optimized barrier membranes has focused on marine algae,
which as a biopolymer can form a membrane composite together with
polylactic acid, thus a combination could show numerous advantages such as
antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral as well as antiallergic properties.
Furthermore, algae can be produced in an ecologically sustainable way and offer
an alternative for patients who refuse treatment with bovine or porcine derived
membranes due to ethical or religious reasons.
Objective: In this study, four different algal membranes were evaluated
for their cytocompatibility with cultured human fibroblasts and osteoblasts.
Materials & Methods: Mem-Lok® (Collagen Matrix, New Jersey, USA)
as a resorbable collagen membrane and ArgonautTM (Botiss Biomaterials, Zossen,
Germany) as a native pericardium GBR/GTR membrane served as reference
membranes (RMs). As the negative control cells incubated with normal
culture medium only were used. In addition to the cell viability and proliferation
assays water soluble tetrazolium (WST), MTT and BrdU, a real time semiquantitative
real time PCR (RT-PCR) was developed to investigate in vitro cytocompatibility
at the level of types I, III and V collagen expression. A sandblasted-
large grid-acid ached titanium surface (Dentcon® Dental Implant Systems,
Ankara, Turkey) served as a positive inactive control group for osteoblastic
cytocompatibility.
Results: For human osteoblasts, the algal membranes showed very good
proliferation levels in WST-1, MTT as well as BrdU, indicating cytocompatibility.
Examination of the expression behavior of type I, type III, and type V collagen
genes showed no evaluable results. However, the RT-PCR should be repeated
with the incorporated optimizations to be able to make a statement regarding
the success of bone, skin, and connective tissue regeneration after a
possible application of the membrane in maxillofacial injury treatment.
Conclusion: The investigated collagen types are essential for a proper
healing of defects in both soft and bone tissue, as they have fundamental functions
such as stability and structural integrity of the tissues.
ANADOLU’NUN KADİM UYGARLIKLARINDAN SÜZÜLEN MÜZİKSEL ANLAMI ÇÖZÜMLEMEDE ‘ARKEO-MÜZİKOLOJİ’NİN ÖNEMİ
Authors: MUSTAN DÖNMEZ Banu
Published: December 2022

Bilindiği gibi günümüzde, gerek doğa bilimleri gerek sosyal bilimlerde, tek bir araştırma alanının içine sıkışmaksızın disiplinler arası araştırmanın önemi günden güne artmaktadır. Bu anlamda arkeo-müzikoloji, yöntem, yaklaşım ve perspektif açısından arkeoloji, tarih, müzikoloji, etnomüzikoloji, mitoloji, dilbilim ve dinler tarihi gibi birçok alandan beslenmesi gereken özel bir disiplinler arası alandır. Arkeo-müzikolojinin çoklu perspektifi, kültür bilimlerine ait çoklu perspektifle paraleldir. Bu bağlamda, özellikle Mezopotamya ve Anadolu’da varlık göstermiş kadim uygarlıkların anlaşılmasında bu farklı disiplin verilerinin eş zamanlı olarak kullanılması gerekir. Bu anlamda en zor veri çözümlemeleri, elle tutulur ve ölçülebilir niteliklere sahip olmayan somut olmayan kültür ürünleri üzerine olanlardır. Bu ürünlerin niteliği üzerine oluşturulacak betimsel analizler için, bu kültürlerin yapısı hakkında ipucu veren müzik/dil çözümlemelerinin yanı sıra, kültürel örüntülerin dayanağı olan tarihsel, arkeolojik, mitolojik, göstergebilimsel verilerin de büyük bir önemi bulunmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, arkeo-müzikolojik ipuçları veren birçok örnek değerlendirilmiştir: Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesinde yer alan bir elinde flüt diğer elinde lir olan iki mitolojik figürün anası konumundaki Kybele’nin öyküsü; Kral Midas hikâyelerinin arkeolojik buluntuları; Dionysos ayinlerini ve müzisyen mitoloji kahramanlarını betimleyen İÖ 6. yüzyıla tarihlenen kırmızı figürlü Atina vazoları; ilham perisi ve müziğin kaynağı olarak anlatılan Dokuz Müz’ün üzerinde yer aldığı Antik Yunan lahitleri ve mozaikleri; İÖ 40.000 yıllarına tarihlenen, Kuzey Batı Slovenya’daki bir mağara buluntusu olan ayı kemiğinden yapılan flüte ve diğer arkeolojik çalgı betimlemelerine kadar çok farklı arkeolojik bulgu, müziksel tarih ve kültürü anlamada iş görebilir. Verilen tüm bu örneklerin ortak noktası, mitoloji, arkeoloji, tarih/dinler tarihi, müzikoloji/etnomüzikoloji gibi farklı disiplinlere ait bilgilerin, müzik üzerinden kültürel çözümleme yapabilmek adına, eş zamanlı olarak iş görmesidir.
Çağdaş Dramaturji ve Sinema İlişkisine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış
Authors: ÇINAR Cem
Published: December 2022

Dramaturji, bir analiz ve uygulama alanı olarak tiyatro sanatının tarihsel yürüyüşü içinde ortaya çıkmış, gelişmiş bir disiplindir. Dramaturjinin ayrı bir disiplin olarak adının konması ve ayrışması Lessing’in Die Hamburgische Dramaturgie (1769) adlı çalışmasıyla mümkün olmuştur. 19 ve 20. yüzyılda, özellikle Alman tiyatro kuramcılarının çalışmalarıyla gelişen dramaturji, bu dönemde yetkinlik kazanmış ve bir disiplin olarak kabul görmeye başlamıştır. Dramaturjinin sinemayla birlikte anılmaya başlaması ise sessiz sinema döneminin kapanmasıyla mümkün olmuştur. Söz/diyalog, görsel-işitsel sinematografik imgenin temel bileşeni olmuş, böylece dramatik metin tasarımı, yazımı ve uygulaması sinema sanatını belirlemeye başlamıştır. Sinema bu aşamada, dramatik yapı, dramaturjik metin analizi ve uygulaması gibi kavram ve metotları tiyatrodan ödünç alarak kendi alanına uyarlama yoluna girmiştir. Ancak, tiyatro ve sinema sanatlarının ontolojik farklılıkları sebebiyle, tiyatrodaki dramaturji uygulamalarıyla ilgili terim, nosyon, metot ve uygulamaların sinemaya entegre edilmesi bakımından birtakım sorunlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu makale, dramaturjiyi yetkin, ayrı bir disiplin olarak ele alarak, tiyatro ve sinemayla ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. İlgili kavramların etimolojik analizinden kalkarak tarihsel literatüre ve kuramsal yaklaşımlara dayalı betimleyici bir yöntemle, sinema ve tiyatroda kuram ve uygulamadaki paralellikleri ve farklılıkları anlamaya çalışmıştır. Böylece, dramaturji nosyonunun ve uygulama alanlarının, tiyatroda olduğu gibi sinemada da daha açık ve belirgin bir anlama kavuşması yönündeki çalışmalara katkı sunmayı amaçlamıştır.
Habitual Dietary Fibre Intake and Lifestyle Characteristics in Relation to Functional Constipation Among Adults in Malaysia
Authors: Mamat Ibrahim Siti Fatin Khadijah , Ali Asma’ , Kamarudin Khairil Shazmin , Ibrahim Nor Hayati , Hasim Azlin Shafrina
Published: December 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) recommend consuming at least 25 g of dietary fibre daily. Adults with low fibre intake have an increased constipation risk. However, little research has been done on the habitual dietary fibre intake and lifestyle characteristics of functional constipation in Malaysian adults. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the dietary fibre intake, lifestyle characteristics, and functional constipation of adults in Malaysia, as well as the association between habitual dietary fibre intake, lifestyle characteristics, and functional constipation. About 318 adults between the ages of 18 and 59 participated and were asked to complete an online questionnaire consisting of three major parts. The components are as follows: i) the assessment of dietary fibre intake by using a semi-quantitative dietary fibre food frequency questionnaire; ii) the assessment of lifestyle factors; and iii) the determination of functional constipation via the Wexner Constipation Scoring System. SPSS 25 was used to analyse the data at a significance level of 0.05. The results indicated that the majority of adults consumed dietary fibre in amounts less than 25 g per day (84.6%). About 97.5% of adults have a healthy lifestyle, and only 2.8% of adults in this study faced constipation. There was no significant association between habitual dietary fibre intake and lifestyle characteristics (p=0.614) or between habitual dietary fibre intake and functional constipation among adults in Malaysia (p=0.147). Continued efforts are needed to increase dietary fibre intake among the adult population.
Socio-Demographic Determinants of Fast-Food Consumption in Malaysian Young Adults
Authors: Mohd Hatta Nurhanim , Ali Asma' , Yusof Aziz , Wan Zainal Shukri Wan Hafiz , Kamarudin Khairil Shazmin
Published: December 2022

Fast-food is the fastest-growing food category in the world, offering young adults a quick, affordable, and readily available alternative to home-cooked meals. The objective of this study was to determine the socio-demographic determinants of the most frequent fast-food consumption among young adults in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study involved 405 Malaysian young adults aged 18 to 29 who participated in an online survey. This self-administered online questionnaire of habitual fast-food consumption was evaluated using a modified Fast-food Frequency Questionnaire comprised of 30 food items, while the socio-demographic profile was determined by age, gender, ethnicity, monthly household income, marital status, residence, and educational level. IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 (SPSS IBM, New York, USA) was used to analyse the data. The results indicated that the most frequently consumed fast-foods were fried chicken (77.6% of habitual consumption), ice cream (41.3%), and burgers (40%). A chi-square independence test revealed a statistically significant association between urban and rural residence and high fast-food consumption (i.e., fried chicken): X2(2, N = 405) = 22.924, p = 0.001. However, there is no association between consumption of fast-food and gender (X2(2, N = 405) = 0.044, p = 0.834), fast-food and age (p = 0.403), or fast-food and educational level (p > 0.05). Taken together, these findings have provided more information on the habitual consumption of fast-food by young adults. The Malaysian government and other health authorities may be able to develop an action plan to reduce obesity rates and other diseases associated with fast-food consumption among young adults.
A Study on Recruitment Process: with A Special Reference to Employment Mantras
Authors: Sangita Ray Dr. Sushree , Ota Dr. Rachita , Tete Ms. Nirupama
Published: December 2022

Successful hiring, selecting, and retaining employees is essential for an organization. They enable companies to have performing employees and contribute positively to the organization. As the recruitment process is very crucial and time-consuming as well as costly for company, now a days industry relied upon consultancy and agency for outsourcing and for hiring employees. As because consultancy have dedicated HR team for hiring right candidate for right job as outsourcing is on high demand there are a lot of competition in market to provide best candidate to the company a consultancy need to adapt various modification in recruitment process and techniques to get suitable candidates for the job post. Identifying absolute recruitment techniques and changing or modifying the process for good will provide good results
Hubungan Supervisi Kepala Sekolah Dengan Kemampuan Profesional Guru Di SD Negeri 07 Sigiran Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Suryawati Lily , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Anisah Anisah , Ridho Trisna
Published: December 2022

Guru yang profesional akan selalu terus belajar untuk memperbaiki dirinya menjadi lebih baik lagi khususnya dalam meningkatkan cara kerjanya di sekolah. Guru yang profesional akan membuat kualitas  peserta didik menjadi lebih bermutu lagi Dari penelitian ini awal ditemukan bahwa  kemampuan profesional guru di SD Negeri 07 Sigiran Kabupaten Agam berjalan semestinya. Kondisi ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas Hubungan Supervisi dengan Profesionalisme Guru. Penelitian ini adalah bersifat korelasional, menyatakan bahwa penelitian korelasional yaitu suatu penelitian yang dirancang untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel-variabel yang berbeda dalam suatu populasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa erat atau kuat hubungan antara variabel tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua variabel, yaitu hubungan supervisi sebagai variabel bebas dan Profesionalisme Guru sebagai variabel terikat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SD Negeri 07 Kabupaten Agam yang berjumlah sebanyak 11 orang . dari hasil analisis data Profesionalisme Guru dapat di kategori cukup baik (78,22%) dari skor ideal dan hasil analisis data Supervisi Kepala Sekolah pada kategori  baik, dengan persentase (80,80%) dari skor ideal.