bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELAS MARGENS DA CIDADE: LAZER E SOCIABILIDADE NO ESPAÇO URBANO BELENENSE NOS ANOS DE 1950
Authors: Gomes Elielton Benedito Castro
Published: January 2021

Pretende-se, com o artigo em questão, acompanhar ao longo da primeira década da segunda metade do século XX, as experiências festivas colocadas em práticas em espaços de lazer e sociabilidade espalhados ao longo do subúrbio de Belém do Pará, privilegiando a análise de diferentes significados atribuídos por jornalistas que trabalhavam na imprensa paraense à época. Para isso, alguns jornais que circulavam na cidade, no período em questão, foram consultados (O Liberal, A Província do Pará, Folha do Norte, O Estado do Pará e a Revista Amazônia: da planície para o Brasil). Com isso, busca-se perceber as representações criadas acerca dessas celebrações festivas, bem como dos lugares nos quais eram realizadas – nesse caso, o subúrbio belenense - tendo em vista trazer à tona as exposições a respeito das relações sociais estabelecidas pelas margens da cidade.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Festas populares; Imprensa; Lazer; Sociabilidade e Subúrbio.

 

ABSTRACT

It is intended, with the article in question, to accompany during the first decade of the second half of the twentieth century the festive experiences placed in practices in spaces of leisure and sociability scattered throughout the suburb of Belém to Pará, privileging the analysis of different meanings attributed by journalists who worked in the paraense press at the time. To this end, some newspapers circulating in the city, during the period in question, were consulted (O Liberal, The Province of Pará, Folha do Norte, The State of Pará and Revista Amazônia: from the plain to Brazil). In this way, it is sought to perceive the representations created about these festive celebrations, as well as the places where they were held - in this case, the belenense suburb - in order to bring to light the exhibitions regarding the social relations established by the city's shores.

 

KEYWORDS: Popular festivals; Press; Leisure; Sociability and Suburb.

 

 

RESUMEN

Se pretende, con el artículo en cuestión, acompañar a lo largo de la primera década de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, las experiencias festivas colocadas en prácticas en espacios de ocio y sociabilidad dispersos a lo largo del suburbio de Belém do Pará, privilegiando el análisis de diferentes significados atribuidos por periodistas que trabajaban en la prensa paraense en la época. Para ello, algunos periódicos que circulaban en la ciudad, en el período en cuestión, fueron consultados (El Liberal, La Provincia de Pará, Folha do Norte, El Estado de Pará y la Revista Amazonia: de la planicie para Brasil). Con ello, se busca percibir las representaciones creadas acerca de esas celebraciones festivas, así como de los lugares en los que se realizaban - en ese caso, el suburbio belenense - con el fin de traer a la luz las exposiciones acerca de las relaciones sociales establecidas por los márgenes de la ciudad.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Fiestas populares; Prensa; Ocio
NEGROS EM FOCO: uma análise de matérias jornalísticas sobre a marca Lab no SPFW
Authors: Silva Jaine Araújo da , Mendes Francielle Maria Modesto
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho resulta de uma pesquisa monográfica sobre a temática racial negra brasileira tendo como objeto 23 matérias jornalísticas acerca da grife LAB. Visa-se compreender as representações construídas sobre o negro na marca, que em seus desfiles no São Paulo Fashion Week levou às passarelas 90% de modelos negros. Para isso, é feita a análise do conteúdo de matérias dos sites Elle, Vogue, Estadão e Folha de São Paulo. Ao fim da pesquisa, concluiu-se que, embora os negros tenham sido exaltados nas matérias analisadas, o racismo continua existindo no Brasil. Os principais conceitos trabalhados são: raça, racismo, representação, empoderamento e lugar de fala, com base em Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017) etc.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: LAB; Moda; Negros; Racismo; Representação.

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

This paper is the result of a research on the brazilian black racial theme. Twenty-three journalistic articles about the fashion brand LAB were analyze. The goal was to understand the representations built around the black models, since 90% of the models taken to the runway by this brand at Sao Paulo Fashion Week were black. For this, a content analysis of the journalistic articles published by the Elle, Vogue, Estadão and Folha de São Paulo websites was performed. At the end of the research, it was concluded that although blacks were exalted in the analyzed articles, racism still exists in Brazil. The main concepts studied here are: race, racism, representation, empowerment and place of speech, based on Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017) etc.

 

KEYWORDS: LAB; Fashion; Black; Racism; Representation.

 

 

RESUMEN

Este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación monográfica sobre el tema racial negro brasileño basada en 23 artículos periodísticos sobre la marca LAB. Pretende comprender las representaciones construidas acerca de el negro en la marca, que en sus desfiles en São Paulo Fahion Week llevó a las pasarelas 90% de modelos negros. Para ello, se realiza el análisis de contenido de los sitios web de Elle, Vogue, Estadão y Folha de São Paulo. Al final de la investigación, se concluyó que aunque los negros han sido exaltados en los textos analizados, el racismo aún existe en Brasil. Los principales conceptos estudiados son: raza, racismo, representación, empoderamiento y lugar de expresión, basados en Schwarcz (2012), Almeida (2018), Hall (2016), Berth (2018), Ribeiro (2017), entre otros.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: LAB; Moda; Negros; Racismo; Representación.
RUAS DE MILITARES EM VILHENA-RO: HISTÓRIA E COMPOSIÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO
Authors: Martins Allysson Viana , Silva Maria Victória
Published: January 2021

Nascida no período da ditadura militar, a cidade de Vilhena tem suas histórias e memórias visíveis na constituição de espaços públicos locais. O município possui atualmente uma escola cujo nome faz referência aos ditadores militares, a Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Castelo Branco, além de 9 ruas e 6 avenidas que homenageiam militares de diferentes épocas. Aqui, discutimos os conceitos de história, lugares de história e espaço urbano. Este trabalho visa a investigar, a partir da cartografia da cidade, os resquícios históricos de sua ocupação na construção dos espaços públicos.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: História; Ruas; Militares; Vilhena; Rondônia.

 

           

ABSTRACT

Born in the period of the military dictatorship, the city of Vilhena has its stories and memories visible in the constitution of local public spaces. The municipality currently has a school whose name refers to military dictators, the Castelo Branco Municipal Elementary School, as well as 9 streets and 6 avenues that honor military personnel from different eras. Here we discuss the concepts of history, places of history and urban space. This work aims to investigate, from the city's cartography, the historical remains of its occupation in the construction of public spaces.

 

KEYWORDS: History; Streets; Military; Vilhena; Rondonia.

 

RESUMEN

Nacida en el período de la dictadura militar, la ciudad de Vilhena tiene sus historias y recuerdos visibles en la constitución de los espacios públicos locales. El municipio actualmente tiene una escuela cuyo nombre se refiere a dictadores militares, la Escuela Primaria Municipal Castelo Branco, así como 9 calles y 6 avenidas que honran al personal militar de diferentes épocas. Aquí discutimos los conceptos de historia, lugares de historia y espacio urbano. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar, desde la cartografía de la ciudad, los restos históricos de su ocupación en la construcción de espacios públicos.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: historia; Calles Personal militar; Vilhena Rondonia.
Prediction of Ornamental Plant's Sales from Monte-Carlo Simulations
Authors:   Undergraduate Program of Statistics, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Putri farah Alysa , Putri Sekar Salma ,   Undergraduate Program of Statistics, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yulianti Rika ,   Undergraduate Program of Statistics, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Sifa Safrida Isna ,   Undergraduate Program of Statistics, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Indonesia is projected to become the world's number four economic power with a demographic bonus. The demographic bonus is obtained from the size of the middle class and the productive age population in Indonesia. With this opportunity, Indonesia has a chance to achieve target number 8 of the SDGs. However, during the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian economy is experiencing a recession. This can be restored with the contribution of the middle class in increasing sales of ornamental plants which are in great demand by the public during the pandemic. Indra Garden's ornamental plants, located in Pondok Ranji, is one of the MSMEs that sells various types of ornamental plants. The research objective was to predict future sales and profit figures from Indra Garden's ornamental plants. This study uses secondary data with data collection techniques, namely direct interviews from Indra Garden. The data used are sales data caladium of ornamental plants with various species for 1 month in October 2020 using the Monte-Carlo method. Based on simulation using the Monte-Carlo method, the prediction results obtained from the sales of caladium types of ornamental plants are 3 per day in a month. This simulation was carried out 7 times and obtained a prediction of the sales profit of Rp. 4,802,500 with an accuracy rate of 97.41%. Meanwhile, the data examiner using MAPE showed that the prediction error rate was 46.51% so it can be stated that the prediction success was 55.49%. The Monte-Carlo method can predict the sales of ornamental plants in the next period with an accuracy rate of 97.41% and a MAPE of 46.51%. So it can be concluded that the simulation results are accurate and suitable for use in making sales decisions in the future.
Mapping The Path to Strengthen Nationalism Through Geography Education in Post Pandemic Situation
Authors:   Department of Geography Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia, Ihsan Ashlah Afdlalul , Ismail Jalu Rafli ,   Department of Geography Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought the world to a shackle of darkness. Countries are experiencing various impacts. Several aspects of communal life are now degraded, one of which is education and nationalism. The ongoing culture shock has shifted activities into the online network. Furthermore, the sense of nationalism has also declined amidst the realities facing the nation, especially in Indonesia. With various problems currently happening in the midst of Covid 19 pandemic, the future of the nation is at stake, especially the future of young people. Therefore, education and nationalism are very important keys to rebuild the nation, especially after the current pandemic phenomenon. So the key to build human resources and nationalism is the basis for nation building, therefore the roles of both must be integrated in a plan, especially in education. In this paper, this research is conducted in efforts to increase awareness of education and nationalism through geography education, which means the design of learning plans based on civic education. This learning plan design were planned to be tested on students in a class at an educational institution. The learning is online learning or “Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh” that occurs will be observed and then carried out an in-depth analysis of the impact on the sense of nationalism. So that in the future it can be applied to educational institutions in increasing human resources who will have a high sense of nationalism, especially in the post-pandemic period.
The Effectiveness Of Glycine Max L Extracts As Coagulant In Peat Water Treatment
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Islamic University of Indonesia, Maulidya Nanda , Putra Rudy Syah ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Islamic University of Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Peat water is water that has the potential to be used as a source of clean water in the peatland area like in Kalimantan island. However, it was still required prior processing before used as clean water for hygiene and sanitation purposes. Several coagulants have been extensively studied for their potential to remove the color from water and turbidity using natural coagulant. Glycine max L contained a cationic protein that could act as a coagulant. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Glycine max L extract to reduce the color and turbidity in peat water. In this study, an artificially humic acid solution was prepared as a peat water model. Glycine max L was extracted by using 1.0 M NaCl (NaCl-EX) and pure water (DW-EX). The results showed that the NaCl-EX solution with an optimum dose of 4 mL/500 mL could be used to reduce the color and turbidity effectively.
Empowerment of Mushroom Business Groups through Identifying the Composition of "Japigo" Mushroom Chips in Gondangmanis Village
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, Hasan Nugroho , Agustianingrum Agustianingrum ,   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, Khasanah Intan Yuli Nur ,   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, Khadafi Muhammad Rizal ,   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, Gambua Zalsah Naputho ,   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, Rusdiyana Eksa ,   Department of Agricultural Communication and Extension, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Oyster mushroom is one of the mushrooms that is often cultivated by the people of Indonesia because it is edible and has high nutrition, is easy to process, and is affordable. One way to use oyster mushrooms is by processing it into food products. Oyster mushroom processing carried out by the Gondangmanis Mushroom Processing Business Group is in the form of mushroom chips. Identification of the composition of mushroom chips is carried out to (1) determine the ideal composition of mushroom chips (2) determine the selling price of mushroom chips. The method used is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) which focuses on the participation of members of the Gondangmanis Mushroom Processing Business Group in its implementation with a series of activities to identify raw material prices, processing mushroom chips, packaging mushroom chips, and determining the price of mushroom chips. Measuring the success of the program was done by comparing the composition of the mushroom chips before and after the program. The results obtained are the composition of the typical “Japigo” oyster mushroom, and the price of mushroom chips is IDR 14,000 per 100 grams.
The Future of Shipping: Presence of Cyber Attacks in Maritime Industries
Authors:   Department of Marine Transport Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia, Pradana Muhammad Dihan Ramadhan
Published: January 2021

During the pandemic, many activities are starting to take place online. Consumers are now forced to interact with their gadget. In order to increase efficiency, many logistic-related industries started to implement an online communication, payment and tracking system. Indonesia is currently the largest archipelagic state in the world. With around 77% of total area consists of water, the flow of economics in each region depends on the existence of sufficient fleet of marine transportation. Indonesian President Joko Widodo has implemented the ‘Tol Laut’ program in 2015 in order to reduce price disparity in Indonesia. Tol Laut has proven itself by reducing up to 20% of cost in Eastern Indonesia. Online database system might reduce cost and bringing the industries into a more intimate relation with their customers. On the other hand, it could increase the risk of cyberattack. AP Moller-Maersk has experienced this kind of threat when their IT systems are completely shut down in 2017. This paper will evaluate factors affecting the number of cyber attacks in maritime industries based on survey and interviews with the stakeholders and analyze key steps in mitigating and restoring IT systems. Common mistakes made by industries that could increase the risk of being attacked are as follows: human error, misconfigured firewall, error in protocol manipulation, and error in programs. There are recommendation to mitigate cyberthreat from re-occuring in the future: software and antivirus upgrade, use of privileged administrator, remote access permission, data disposal and onshore support. Taking effective response is also compulsory to decide which IT/OT system must be kept running or shut down, whether certain ship communication that links with shore should be shut down, appropriate use of any advanced tools provided in pre- installed security software, and understanding whether the incident has compromised the IT/OT system beyond capabilities of recovery.
Design and Development of Aircraft Propeller Maintenance Facility for General Aviation
Authors:   Institute of Aviation Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore,Pakistan, Mujahid Amman
Published: January 2021

Since the first flight and introduction of propellers from marine to the sky, various maintenance techniques have been employed to maintain aircraft propellers. With the advancement in the operation and safety of flight, propellers have been manufactured in various materials, shapes and measurements. The design developed is based on the concept of a “single stop shop facility”. The propeller maintenance facility majorly focuses the general aviation in order to provide them a set up that primarily focuses on the maintenance of propellers in order to avoid malfunctions resulting in accidents and failures. The maintenance procedures for workbench include static balancing, blade tracking, cleaning, visual inspection, corrosion removal and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). The developed facility has an accelerated scalability with the provision of facilitating Non-Destructive Testing that is performed on the workbench. The non-destructive testing results in assuring reliability and safety of the propellers as per the modern maintenance practices. The workbench developed focuses over the environment sustainability as it functions on the concept of sustainable maintenance that involves reduced unnecessary maintenance. Moreover, the currently developed facility integrates a proactive approach involving reduced use of energy in order to produce less waste and environmental impact. At present, the workbench has been manufactured and is being tested for propeller maintenance procedures.
FAST Generation to Achive SDGs Post Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Pratama Dian , Khanum Wulan Ruhiyyih ,   Department of Accounting, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya
Published: January 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of life. One of the things that has been affected is the achievement of the SDGs which has been hampered by this pandemic. The condition that has been deteriorated due to the pandemic should not be used as an excuse to achieve the SDGs, in this case the role of youth is very important to achieve SDGs, especially in the post-pandemic period. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The data used are primary and secondary data that have been collected, processed, made conclusions, and then interpreted. This study aims to design a character education system for the younger generation in their role in achieving the SDGs. The results of the interpretation of data that have been collected and then processed in the research process, make a proposal for "FAST Generation". These concepts are some of the main characteristics that youth must have in their role in achieving the SDGs in the post-COVID-19 pandemic. FAST Generation is a character that must be possessed by youth in achieving the SDGs. Youth with character will make the world safer, more prosperous, and more focused, so that the achievement of the goals contained in the SDGs will be easier.
Does Pandemic Covid 19 Influence Romantic Relationship?
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Rahmawati Mellenia Amanda , Pertiwi Mega ,   Department of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Nisa Fitri Khoiru ,   Department of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Syafitri Diany Ufieta ,   Department of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang
Published: January 2021

The COVID 19 pandemic that hit many countries around the world not only has bad impact on economic sector, but also on romantic relationships. The purpose of this study was to explore various aspects of romantic relationships during pandemic 1) perception of harmony, 2) increased conflict, 3) reasons for conflict, 4) intensity of relationships during pandemic. This study used a survey with open-ended questions and several questions with tiered answer responses. The sampling method was incidental sampling with the respondent criteria married, dating, and no official status. Data analysis employed was coding and categorization, as well as Kruskal Wallis analysis. There were 345 respondents aged 13-51 years. The results showed that in general there was an increase in the frequency of conflict between partners during pandemic, where the main reason was meeting difficulty due to social restrictions, lack of communication, and other reasons not directly related to the pandemic. The results of Kruskal Wallis showed that the harmony of partners and the frequency of conflict during the pandemic is related to the type of status (no official status, dating, and married), length of relationship, intensity of communication, and intensity of meeting. Respondents with married status have the highest perception of harmony while dating status has the highest conflict frequency. Couples with length of relationship over 2 years and rarely communicate perceived the highest increase in conflict. Based on the intensity of meeting, the couples whose intensity of meeting often had the highest perception of harmony, although on the other hand the frequent meetings also led to an increase in conflict.
Pandemic Accelerates Datacracy And The Goals Of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Rais Ais Amin
Published: January 2021

In December 2019, an entropy emerged which caused many changes to occur in the world today. A virus that causes the whole world to quickly organize and condition itself. SARS-CoV2 or SARS Coronavirus 2 or better known as Covid-19 is a new corona virus that is responsible for these changes. Covid-19, which was first known to infect a resident of China in December 2019, has now spread to 214 countries and all regions of the world, and affecting every aspect of everyday human life. All nations strive to position themselves in response to this entropy. Especially in the 21st century today. Where development of AI is a prototype that is continuously being cared for by all countries today. Many countries are taking advantage from big tickets of AI in the face of a pandemic. One of them is datacracy. A concept that accumulates all data, all information, then extrapolated from all data and information that has been obtained using certain algorithms which are made into a very large database. Datacracy will be one of the pillars in order to realize the goals that contained in the global action of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Datacracy will also be very helpful in realizing some of the goals of the 17 goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which are expected to be achieved by 2030. This essay will discuss how the contribution of AI in dealing with the pandemic as well as speeding up datacracy and so that it can contributes to the realization of the goals from global action Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Extraction Solvents Composition Effect In Biodiesel Production From Microalgae Consortium Botryococcus Braunii And Dunaliella Sp.
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Azizah Tiara Nur , Ramadhanty Alya Putri ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Feranika Nadya ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Indonesia has entered an energy emergency phase, proven that Indonesia is no longer a surplus oil producer due to the productivity of the wells decrease over the years and the pattern of people's consumption of fossil fuels has been exceeding the production capacity. Therefore, we need the right solution to overcome this problem, which is developing biodiesel as renewable energy based on microalgae oil. The microalgae used in this research is the consortium of microalgae Botryococcus braunii and Dunaliella sp. Microalgae were cultivated and harvested through the dewatering process with 1 g naoh/1 L water concentration. Water contents of cultivated Botryococcus braunii are 60.2505% while Dunaliella sp. Is 64.5002%. The oil from microalgae is obtained by extracted dry microalgae through the soxhlet extraction (leaching) method with mixed solvent n-hexane and ethanol as the co-solvent using a variety of solvent ratio 2:1 and 3:1. Pure microalgae consortium oil separated from the solvent using the distillation process then analyzed with GC-FID. The analysis result is trans-linoleic acid is the most dominant fatty acid contained in this oil. Transesterification process with cao (1.5% of oil weight) as a catalyst. The results obtained from this study are the oil yield 72% extracted with a solvent mixture of n-hexane and ethanol 2:1 and 60.4% for 3:1. The biodiesel synthesis resulted in the amount of yield obtained from the solvent ratio 2:1 extraction is 94.3%, while with solvent ratio 3:1 is 79.2%. The quality of both biodiesels has met the requirements of SNI 7182:2015 and ASTM D7467, except the density of biodiesel with extraction solvent composition 3:1 which is below the standard. Therefore, the best biodiesel quality is obtained from microalgae consortium’s oil with the composition of extraction solvent 2:1.
Coping Strategies Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Faculty of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia, Falasifah Malisa , Fitria Denda Anisa ,   Faculty of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia, Hakim Farahdiba Ramadhani ,   Faculty of Psychology, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Due to the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in December 2019 , the government around the world has closed all the educational institutions and change the system of education to control the spread of disease. The sudden shift from the physical classroom to virtual space impacts on the mental health of the college students. The purpose of this study was to explore the coping strategies among college students around the world during the Pandemic Covid-19. This paper used descriptive explorative analysis, through literature review. A literature search on Google Scholar using keywords “coping strategies”, “college students”, “pandemic”, “covid-19” revealed 15 articles with a total of 12,532 participants of college students around the world. The findings of this study reveal that the coping strategies used by college students are (1) Problem-focused coping by (a) Seeking social support (friends, family, school) and (2) Emotion-focused coping by (a) Positive reappraisal (praying to God, do hobby) (b) Accepting responsibility (Understand students’ role, self talk) and (c) Distancing (Avoid going to public). The COVID-19 pandemic have given a significant adverse impact on the mental health of college students. Major coping strategy adopted by the students is problem-focused coping by seeking social support from their friends, family members and university. Educational institutions should work together with the government of each country to maintain the college students’ mental health.
Variable Planck’s Constant: Treated As A Dynamical Field And Path Integral
Authors: Dannenberg Rand
Published: January 2021

The constant ħ is elevated to a dynamical field, coupling to other fields, and itself, through the Lagrangian density derivative terms. The spatial and temporal dependence of ħ falls directly out of the field equations themselves. Three solutions are found: a free field with a tadpole term; a standing-wave non-propagating mode; a non-oscillating non-propagating mode. The first two could be quantized. The third corresponds to a zero-momentum classical field that naturally decays spatially to a constant with no ad-hoc terms added to the Lagrangian. An attempt is made to calibrate the constants in the third solution based on experimental data. The three fields are referred to as actons. It is tentatively concluded that the acton origin coincides with a massive body, or point of infinite density, though is not mass dependent. An expression for the positional dependence of Planck’s constant is derived from a field theory in this work that matches in functional form that of one derived from considerations of Local Position Invariance violation in GR in another paper by this author. Astrophysical and Cosmological interpretations are provided. A derivation is shown for how the integrand in the path integral exponent becomes Lc/ħ(r), where Lc is the classical action. The path that makes stationary the integral in the exponent is termed the “dominant” path, and deviates from the classical path systematically due to the position dependence of ħ. The meaning of variable ħ is seen to be related to the rate of time passage along each path increment. The changes resulting in the Euler-Lagrange equation, Newton’s first and second laws, Newtonian gravity, Friedmann equation with a Cosmological Constant, and the impact on gravitational radiation for the dominant path are shown and discussed.
Assessing the Potential Contribution of Pfumvudza Towards Climate Smart Agriculture in Zimbabwe: A Review
Authors: Mujere Never
Published: January 2021

Concerns of food and environmental security have increased enormously in recent years due to the vagaries of climate change and variability. Efforts to promote food security and environmental sustainability often reinforce each other and enable farmers to adapt to and mitigate the impact of climate change and other stresses. Some of these efforts are based on appropriate technologies and practices that restore natural ecosystems and improve the resilience of farming systems, thus enhancing food security. Climate smart agriculture (CSA) principles, for example, translate into a number of locally-devised and applied practices that work simultaneously through contextualised crop-soil-water-nutrient-pest-ecosystem management at a variety of scales. The purpose of this paper is to review concisely the current state-of-the-art literature and ascertain the potential of the Pfumvudza concept to enhance household food security, climate change mitigation and adaptation as it is promoted in Zimbabwe. The study relied heavily on data from print and electronic media. Datasets pertaining to carbon, nitrous oxide and methane storage in soils and crop yield under zero tillage and conventional tillage were compiled. Findings show that, compared to conventional farming, Pfumvudza has great potential to contribute towards household food security and reducing carbon emissions if implemented following the stipulated recommendations. These include among others, adequate land preparation and timely planting and acquiring inputs. However, nitrous oxide emissions tend to increase with reduced tillage and, the use of artificial fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides is environmentally unfriendly.
The Reification of the Clinical Diagnosis of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) as an Immune and Oxidative Stress Disorder: Construction of a Data-Driven Nomothethic Network and Exposure of ME/CFS Subgroups
Authors: Maes Michael , Kubera Marta , Stoyanova Kristina , Leunis Jean–Claude
Published: January 2021

The approach towards myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) remains in a permanent state of crisis with fierce competition between the psychosocial school, which attributes ME/CFS to the perception of effort, and the medical approach (Maes and Twisk, BMC Med, 2010,8,35). The aim of this paper is to review how to construct a nomothetic model of ME/CFS using Partial Least Squares (PLS) path analysis and ensembling causome (bacterial translocation as assessed with IgM/IgA responses to LPS), protectome (lowered coenzyme Q10), adverse outcome pathways (AOP) including increased lysozyme, CD38+ T cell activation, cell-mediated immune activation (CMI), and IgM responses to oxidative specific epitopes and NO-adducts (IgM OSENO). Using PLS, we trained, tested and validated this knowledge- and data-driven causal ME/CFS model, which showed adequate convergence, construct and replicability validity. This bottom-up explicit data model of ME/CFS objectivates the descriptive narratives of the ME/CFS phenome, using causome-protectome-AOP data, whereby the abstract concept ME/CFS is translated into pathways, thereby securing the reification of the ME/CFS phenome. We found that 31.6% of the variance in the physiosomatic symptom dimension of ME/CFS was explained by the cumulative effects of CMI and CD38+ activation, IgM OSENO, IgA LPS, lysozyme (all positive) and coenzyme Q10 (inversely). Cluster analysis performed on the PLS-generated latent vector scores of all feature sets exposed three distinct immune groups of ME/CFS, namely one with increased lysozyme, one with increased CMI + CD38 activation + depressive symptoms, and another with increased bacterial translocation + autoimmune responses to OSENO.
Microstructure and Properties of SLM High Speed Steel
Authors: Elin Olsson , Stefan Sundin , Taoran Ma , Sebastian Proper , Christophe Lyphout , Johanna André
Published: January 2021

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a commonly used laser powder bed technique where the final properties are influenced by many different powder related properties, such as particle size distribution, chemical composition and flowability. In applications where high hardness, wear resistance, strength and good heat properties are required, high speed steels (HSS) are widely used today. HSS has high carbon content and are therefore considered as unweldable. The rapidly growing implementation of AM technologies has led to a growing range of new applications and demands for new alloys and properties. The interest in being able to manufacture HSS by SLM without cracking is therefore increasing. In SLM, it is possible to preheat the base plate to a few hundred degrees Celsius which has been used for HSS and proved successful due to reduced thermal gradients. In this study, the properties of SLM produced high speed steel PEARL Micro®2012 with a carbon content of 0.61 wt.-% have been investigated and compared to those of a forged and rolled PM-HIP counterpart ASP®2012.
An Analysis of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Japan Using a Logistic Model
Authors: Miyamoto Kuniaki ,   University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been persistent. For example, the number of infections increased exponentially since mid-September in Europe. The SIR, among other models, is used to examine and detail such epidemics and the changes they bring about. However, the application of the models requires that we fix the parameters to govern the processes; it is difficult to set them up appropriately, especially during new epidemic cases such as COVID-19. If we can limit the purpose of analysis to understand current epidemic situations, then it would be better to use simple models and limit the number of parameters. The logistic model is one of such suitable models, which can reflect the basic characteristics of an epidemic to provide information on the state and tendency of the epidemic based on little information. This research uses daily cases, deaths, and recoveries to analyze the epidemic and derives interesting results. The first wave of the epidemic, which ran from March to May, almost complies with the logistic model. In the case of the second wave, since mid-June, the results show that the rising phase has characteristics similar to those of the first wave. However, the phase of decline has different characteristics. Currently, in mid-October, it is almost in a state of equilibrium. This result means that the data used in this analysis show some characteristics of the statistical population of the “epidemic field.” However, while we consider the fact that infected persons must be isolated and hence removed from the “field,” it is suggested that the number of infected and recovered persons must be significantly larger than that of the reported cases. Nevertheless, it is difficult to evaluate the statistical characteristics of the “epidemic field” using the data, as they are not the results of “random sampling.”
Air Pollutants During COVID-19 Lockdown Period in India
Authors: Vignesh K. S.  ,   School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India, Venkatasubramanian Padma
Published: January 2021

Recent studies have indicated that certain atmospheric pollutants had significantly reduced in several countries during the lockdown period imposed to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2-Virus. The Government of India declared the first lockdown from the end of March 2020, which continued till June 2020 in most Indian states. The present study compares the air quality indicators nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) across India, during the months of March–August 2020 and the same period in 2019. The application of satellite information from NASA – Ozone Monitoring Instrument and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder were used to compare the quantum of air pollutants. The temporal variation of the air pollutants was studied using satellite imagery and geo-statistics on a monthly, national average basis, to assess the overall impact of the lockdown. NO2, SO2, and O3 showed some level of reduction during the period of study in 2020 when compared to 2019, whereas CO levels had gone up in 2020. NO2, a pollutant mainly arising from motor vehicle combustion, reduced by 3.98–12.1% in 2020 as compared to the same study period in 2019 and in April 2020, when there was a complete lockdown, it had dropped maximally (by 12.1%). The reduction in SO2 levels in 2020 ranged from around 0.5–9% but only during April–June 2020, whereas there was an increase in March, July, and August 2020 when compared to 2019. Despite a reduction in NO2, the O3 levels (which are dependent on NO2 levels) saw an increase in the atmosphere during March–May 2020 by 1.9–5%, and decreased during June–August 2020. The CO levels in the atmosphere did not reduce during lockdown; instead, it peaked in March, April, and May 2020, when compared to 2019, possibly due to incomplete combustion of materials containing carbon materials like wood, plastics, etc. This study demonstrates that it is possible to rapidly reduce atmospheric pollution in India. However, since the level of certain pollutants like O3 are dependent on others like NO2, reducing the atmospheric pollution globally is a sustained and concerted effort by all concerned.
Development of model of optimal control of water supply system
Authors: Taghiyeva A. D.
Published: January 2021

This paper considers the problem of optimal control of branched water supply systems. To control the system, the problem of optimal distribution of products is developed whereas non-linear programming problems are applied. We consider a system for providing products, consisting of magistral and distribution pipelines, taking products from the magistral pipeline. Each distribution line has many warehouses. Products are taken into the system using the main intake facility and transferred between the warehouses using intermediate distribution facilities. To eliminate the deficiencies in management, tasks are set to determine the necessary intensities of product supply in the facilities, allowing timely provision of consumers with the necessary volume of products, to minimize losses, product discharges of facilities in the system during a certain control period.
Controlled remuneration. about the remuneration of senior officials and directors in state-owned companies
Authors: Espigares Huete José Carlos , Ortiz del Valle María del Carmen
Published: January 2021

Controlled remuneration in state-owned companies, or those assisted by the state - giving them grant-in-aids -, is a matter that raises a certain sensibility. Therefore, there’s a need to combine - particularly in the corporate scope - the concept of transparency and good corporate governance. This sensitivity, which is increasingly demanded within private companies, shall be even more pronounced within the public business sector. The worldwide-known concept of Corporate Governance has been developing an essential leading role for years, which is directly linked to the desire of having companies with better functioning. In this sense, and as an example, the most recent expression of this can be found in the Law of Spain, exclusively with regard to the private sector, in the Act 21/2014, of 3rd December, by which the Spanish Capital Company Act is consolidated for the amelioration of corporate governance. Among the introduced amends, the most highlighted ones are notably those affecting the governing body. For instance, the duties of diligence and loyalty are specified and there’s a more detailed regulation of the liability regime of administration members regarding management, organization and functioning of the board of directors, enhancing its supervising role in terms of performance of directors with executive functions and, more specifically, establishing stricter controls on remuneration of senior official positions.
Precision Follicular Self-Measurement Using a Pocket-Sized Transabdominal Ultrasound Device
Authors: Fujita Hiroaki , Kikuchi Iwaho , Enomoto Satoshi , Nakagawa Ryo , Kitayama Reiko , Tanaka Yudai
Published: January 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the comparability of follicle diameters measured using a pocket-size transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) device that produces images for self-assessment versus those measured using a conventional transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) device. The pocket-sized device is fitted with a probe that can be connected to an electronic tablet for patient use and outputs follicle images for patient review.Methods: A prospective study was performed in 25 women (50 follicles) who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection between November 2019 and March 2020 to treat infertility. Patients were first provided with guidance from a doctor; then, they used the probe attached to the pocket-sized TAUS device to acquire the follicle images. The doctor then measured the follicle diameter using a TVUS device and compared the measurements with those obtained by viewing the images taken by the patient. The transverse cross-sectional follicle diameter measured on transabdominal images was defined as the abdominal transverse (AT) diameter. The sagittal and coronal cross-sectional follicle diameters measured on transvaginal images were defined as the vaginal sagittal (VS) and vaginal coronal (VC) diameters, respectively. The mean values of each parameter and the variance ratio of the difference between the TAUS and TVUS measurements were evaluated.Results: The results showed that the difference between AT-VS in the two imaging types was -0.382 mm (95% CI: -1.097-0.333 mm, P=0.288), whereas the difference between AT-VC was 0.342 mm (95% CI: -0.345-1.029 mm, P=0.322), and that between VS-VC was 0.724 mm (95% CI: 0.152-1.296 mm, P=0.014). The variance ratios for the differences between the TAUS and TVUS measurements and for the differences between the two TVUS cross-sectional measurements were σAT-VS2/σVS-VC2=1.56 and σAT-VC2/σVS-VC2=1.44, respectively.Conclusion(s): Despite the presence of some differences in precision due to differences in the method of imaging when patients performed follicular self-measurement using pocket-sized devices, there was little scattering. Therefore, this method can be used to measure follicle diameter at a precision that presents no issues at the clinical level.Trial Registration: Medical Park Shonan (2019001, 25 October 2019)
Comparison of early clinical results for the femoral neck system and cannulated screws in the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqiang , Li Zhiqiang , Xu Renjie , She Yuanshi , Zhang Xiangxin , Chen Guangxiang , Yu Xiao
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare early clinical effects of the femoral neck system (FNS) and three cannulated screws for the treatment of patients with unstable femoral neck fractures.Methods: A retrospective analysis with pair matching of 81 patients who received FNS or cannulated screw internal fixation for Pauwels type-3 femoral neck fracture in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 was conducted. Patients who received FNS were the test group, and those who received cannulated screws comprised the control group. Matching requirements were as follows: same sex, similar age and similar body mass index (BMI). A total of 30 pairs were successfully matched, and the average age was 53.84 years. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, hospitalization cost, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, time to walking without crutches, Harris score, femoral head necrosis rate and complication rate were compared between the groups.Results: Postoperative re-examination of radiographs showed satisfactory reduction in all patients, and all patients were followed up for 10-22 months. Those in the FNS group had lower postoperative VAS scores, earlier times to walking without crutches, higher Harris scores at the last follow-up and lower complication rates (P<0.05). However, intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization costs were greater in the FNS group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference in operation time, hospital stay or femoral head necrosis rate was observed between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: For patients with unstable femoral neck fractures, FNS has better clinical efficacy than cannulated screws, though it is also more expensive. The excellent biomechanical performance and clinical efficacy of FNS make it a new choice for the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures.