bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of bisphosphonates for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis
Authors: Nikitinskaya O. A. , Toroptsova N. V.
Published: August 2022

Osteoporosis (OP) occupies one of the leading places in the structure of morbidity in people over 50 years of age, and its social significance is associated with the main complications – low-energy fractures of the vertebral bodies and bones of the peripheral skeleton, which lead to an increase in disability and mortality among the elderly, being a serious problem for public health. One of the doctor’s goals is the timely administration of anti-osteoporotic treatment. Bisphosphonates (BP) are first-line drugs for the treatment of OP. Since 1995, nitrogen-containing BPs have been widely used, they demonstrate their effect primarily by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts and stimulating their apoptosis. The efficacy and safety of this class of drugs have been confirmed by numerous studies and many years of clinical practice. Since 2005, the production of generics of alendronic acid began, and later, after the patent protection of other BFs was closed, generics of risedronic, ibandronic and zoledronic acids appeared. In 2019, two domestic generics were registered – ibandronic acid 3 mg for intravenous (IV) injection once every 3 months (Rezoviva) and zoledronic acid 5 mg in 100 ml solution for IV injection once a year (Osteostatics). Since 2020 they have been introduced into clinical practice as part of import substitution, which increased the availability of these drugs and reduced the health care costs.
Analysis of adherence to treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Postnikova P. O. , Kovalenko P. S. , Dydykina I. S. , Aboleshina A. V. , Lila A. M.
Published: August 2022

Patients' adherence to drug therapy, medical support and implementation of the doctor's recommendations for lifestyle changes can affect the effectiveness of therapy and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Objective: to analyze adherence to treatment, medical support and implementation of recommendations for changing the lifestyle in RA patients, including those with and without low-energy bone fractures.Patients and methods. The study included 88 women with a definite diagnosis of RA. All patients were followed up for a long time (on average 8.45±1.34 years) at V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology. All patients underwent clinical, radiological and laboratory examinations, and a questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment was completed.Results and discussion. The integral indicator of adherence to treatment in 30 (34%) patients corresponded to a low level, in 51 (58%) – to an average level, and in 7 (8%) – to a high level. Low adherence to medical support was more often determined in patients with anxiety (p=0.02) and depression (p=0.04). The intake of oral glucocorticoids (GC) was associated with a high adherence to drug therapy (p=0.01). Adherence rates in the group of RA patients with and without bone fractures did not differ significantly. Functional disorders and the severity of radiological changes also did not differ significantly in patients with different levels of adherence.Conclusion. Patients with RA had predominantly an average level of adherence to drug therapy, medical support, and a low level of adherence to recommendations for lifestyle changes. Oral GC were associated with high adherence to drug therapy, while low adherence to medical support was associated with anxiety and depression. Treatment adherence rates in the group of RA patients with and without bone fractures did not differ.
Experience with type I interferon inhibitor in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Leineman Ya. A. , Bessalova A. Yu. , Aliev D. B. , Samigullina R. R. , Shostak M. S. , Gaidukova I. Z. , Mazurov V. I.
Published: August 2022

The article describes a clinical case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) resistant to traditional treatment regimens and the first successful experience with the type I interferon inhibitor – anifrolumab, as part of an early access program in the Russian Federation. High efficacy and safety of the drug in the treatment of SLE with active lesions of the skin, mucous membranes and joints were noted.
La invención de las competencias personales: Recursos y efectos persuasivos de un dispositivo distintivo de la política educativa italiana contemporánea
Authors: Boccacci Daniel
Published: August 2022

Este trabajo analiza y profundiza el concepto de “competencias personales” relacionada con la propuesta de las Indicazioni Nazionali (Indicaciones) de 2004, documento fundamental en el complejo argumentario normativo de política educativa italiana contemporánea que define el cuadro curricular de la escuela obligatoria italiana. Dentro del marco teórico desarrollado por T.S. Popkewitz, el análisis destaca el recurso usado por los actores que lo han generado sustentado en la teoría católica de la persona “integral”. Esta teoría se usa conscientemente para armonizar las expectativas sociales sobre la competitividad individual y nacional con el realce que le acompaña del carácter sagrado de la persona. La profundización de este constructo de simbiosis permite destacarlo como dispositivo estratégico dentro un ecosistema de acciones discursivas  legitimadas por la Iglesia y ligado al sueño salvífico-empresarial del que fuera primer ministro de la república italiana Silvio Berlusconi, relacionado a su vez con la política económica de las últimas décadas, con la reforma curricular de la ministra Moratti (2004), junto a las últimas propuestas curriculares (2007 y 2012) por parte de gobiernos de color opuestos. Finalmente, a un nivel sociológico más general, el análisis que aportamos manifiesta el uso político educativo de una nueva subjetividad neo-empresarial en la que no sólo satura cualidades utilitaristas. Concluimos sosteniendo que el análisis de todas estas aplicaciones, al mismo tiempo que destaca la fuerza persuasiva del constructo analizado, olvida estratégicamente la complejidad social y cívica para abrir el problema de los posibles efectos de conservadurismo antidemocrático y de enmascaramiento de la hegemonía económica.
A new method for successful indirect bonding in relation to bond strength
Authors: Wendl Thomas , Bandl Christine , Kern Wolfgang , Wendl Brigitte , Proff Peter
Published: August 2022

The aim of the work was to develop a new transfer method for indirect bonding of brackets to improve the bond strength by applying a uniform contact pressure over the entire dental arch. This has a great potential to reduce the bracket loss rate during clinical treatment. A suitable shape memory polymer (SMP) was selected and prepared in the chemistry laboratory. This SMP applies a force to the brackets during bonding and thus increases the bond strength by applying uniform contact pressure. Various transfer trays were equipped with SMP platelets and the transfer of brackets from the plaster model to the real human tooth model was performed in vitro. The transfer accuracy and bond strength of the bonded brackets were investigated by 3D-overlay and shear tests, respectively. The transfer accuracy was technique sensitive and showed higher accuracy for the trays with SMPs and self-curing silicones than for the vacuum formed trays with SMPs. The bond strength of the indirectly bonded brackets with SMPs was on average 1–2 MPa higher than the bond strength of the brackets indirectly bonded with a conventional two-layer vacuum formed tray without SMPs. Thus, transfer trays with SMPs can provide a significant improvement in bond strength during indirect bonding after appropriate adjustment.
A micromechanical approach to elastic modulus of long-term aged chicken feather fibre/poly(lactic acid) biocomposites
Authors: Akderya Tarkan , Özmen Uğur , Baba Buket Okutan
Published: August 2022

The modulus of elasticity is a critical parameter for the performance design and analysis of biofibre-based biocomposite materials. As a result of criteria such as internal heterogeneity, the random distribution of fibres and the success of interfacial adhesion between the fibre and the matrix, it becomes difficult to predict the modulus of elasticity in practical ways. Therefore, one of the aims of this study is to determine the modulus of elasticity of biocomposite material reinforced with discontinuous and random fibres by means of micromechanical models and experimentally. In addition, it is also aimed to reveal which micromechanical model can be used reliably in predicting the modulus of elasticity of both aged and non-aged biocomposite materials due to the relationship between the analytical and experimental results. In order to achieve these objectives, initially, chicken feather fibre/poly (lactic acid) biocomposite specimens having 2, 5 and 10 % chicken feather fibre mass fractions were mixed and manufactured by extruding, and subsequently, tensile test specimens according to the appropriate standard were formed by the injection-moulding method. An agreement between the moduli of elasticity obtained from 6 micromechanical models and experimentally from the slope of the stress–strain curves resulting from tensile tests was determined.
Defining Marginality and Liminality for the Study of the Ancient Near East
Authors: Bubel Shawn
Published: August 2022

Marginality and liminality are concepts that are used in the study of the ancient Near East, although formal definitions for these terms are rarely given. This paper explores the history of the uses of these terms in social theory, discussing the origins of the terms in the writings of early twentieth-century thinkers such as Georg Simmel, Robert Ezra Park, and Victor Turner. It details how these ideas and concepts were debated by psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists throughout the twentieth century, when these terms were adopted into Near Eastern studies. While these concepts were defined by social theorists, investigations of the archaeological, textual, and art-historical evidence from the ancient Near East show that they well reflect emic conceptualizations. Examples from Near Eastern contexts demonstrate the benefits of using flexible and multi-vocalic conceptualizations of marginality and liminality that still recognize the distinctiveness of these two issues. The paper concludes by offering different frameworks for applying these concepts to the study of the Bronze Age Near East.
Die Relevanz von sprachgeschichtlichem Wissen für den Schulalltag
Authors: Dücker Lisa , Szczepaniak Renata
Published: August 2022

In diesem Beitrag skizzieren wir zuerst den bildungspolitischen Rahmen, den Bildungsstandards und Lehrpläne bilden. Während die bisherige Forschung vor diesem Hintergrund v. a. die konkrete Umsetzung im Schulunterricht analysiert (s. Böhnert 2017), richten wir den Fokus auf die frühe Bildungsphase der künftigen Lehrkräfte, aber auch anderer Deutschstudierender, indem wir ihre Einstellungen zur Relevanz sprachgeschichtlicher Kenntnisse für den Lehralltag erfragen. Dafür werden Lehramtsstudierende zu Beginn einer obligatorischen Einführungsveranstaltung befragt, wie sie die Relevanz von Kenntnissen in der historischen Sprachwissenschaft für den Schulunterricht einschätzen. Neben einigen Grundkompetenzen werden sie anschließend über ihre kulturellen Aktivitäten befragt, die mit sprachgeschichtlichen Themen in Verbindung stehen. Die Studie zeigt, dass Studierende am Anfang des Studiums sprachgeschichtliches Wissen fast genauso häufig als relevant wie irrelevant ansehen. Die ermittelten Präferenzen für Aktivitätsbereiche können im künftigen universitären Unterricht stärker in akademische Lehrformate umgesetzt werden, um für die künftigen Lehrkräfte neue schulische Handlungsmuster zu erschließen.
Kanonizität, Kontextualitäten und Traditionalitäten
Authors: Hoffmeister Toke
Published: August 2022

Was wissen linguistische Laien eigentlich von der deutschen Sprach- und Literaturgeschichte? Dieser Frage geht der Beitrag nach und analysiert die Antworten von insgesamt 22 Gewährspersonen (GPn), mit denen ein Assoziationsexperiment durchgeführt wurde. Sprachgeschichte fristet in den Epistemika (vgl. Hoffmeister 2021) linguistischer Laien ein Schattendasein und wird bloß dort repräsentiert, wo es eine individuelle Relevanz für die linguistischen Laien aufweist (bspw. als Reliktwissen aus einem früheren Lehramtsstudium). Linguistische Laien – diese Verallgemeinerung darf vorsichtig getroffen werden ― sind sich einer gewissen Tradition der deutschen Sprache bewusst ― die Tradition und eine damit verbundene Relevanzbeimessung wird aber zumeist an Literatur rückgebunden, die als kulturell-biografisches Gedächtnis fungiert, während über die diachrone Entwicklung kein oder nur sehr eingeschränktes Wissen existiert. Die eingangs gestellte Frage kann tendenziell mit ‚nicht viel‘ beantwortet werden, wenngleich die Aspekte in fortführenden Studien dezidiert vertieft werden sollten. Der Beitrag möchte abschließend eine Diskussion über die Gründe eröffnen, weshalb sprachgeschichtliches Wissen bisher eine derart untergeordnete Rolle spielt.
DigitalHerrnhut. Neue Zugänge zur historischen Linguistik durch digital gestützte Lernumgebungen – ein Werkstattbericht
Authors: Lasch Alexander , Hetjens Dominik , Schuppe Robert C.
Published: August 2022

Der Beitrag versteht sich als Werkstattbericht, der verschiedene Initiativen vorstellt, um die Möglichkeiten der digitalen Transformation für die prominente Platzierung sprachgeschichtlich orientierter Forschung und Lehre in akademischen und nichtakademischen Curricula zu nutzen. Im Mittelpunkt werden die Wissensarchive der Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine stehen. Nach einer knappen Einleitung werden die Brüderunität (Kap. 2) und der Forschungshub DigitalHerrnhut kurz vorgestellt (Kap. 3). In einem weiteren Schritt rücken wir virtuelle Exkursionen als Ankerpunkte für die curriculare Einbettung historisch-linguistischer Lehr- und Lernprojekte in den Fokus (Kap. 4), die wir in einem vierten Schritt exemplarisch am Beispiel eines Workflows vom Handschriftendigitalisat zum maschinenlesbaren Text im Kontext konkreter Erschließungszusammenhänge aus der herrnhutischen Nordamerikamission explizieren (Kap. 5), um an diesem Beispiel zu illustrieren, wie eine breite Öffentlichkeit für den Gegenstand begeistert und interdiszplinäre wie internationale Kollaboration ermöglicht werden kann.
Beauty Makes Humanity: The Application of Kant’s Aesthetic Power of Judgment in Value Choice
Authors: Zhouhuang Zhengmi
Published: August 2022

In this paper, I use Kant’s theory of the aesthetic power of judgment to solve the problem of nonmoral value choice, which Kant himself did not deal with, and prove that my reconstruction can fit into Kant’s philosophy and function as a harmonization and unification of morality and happiness. First, I revisit Kant’s early view of intellectualized happiness to establish the feasibility of this project in Kant’s ethics. Second, by analogy with the contemplative judgment of taste and practical artistic creation, I argue for the universal communicability of pleasure in value choice from the transcendental perspective, on the one hand, and explain the various choices by individuals in reality from the empirical perspective, on the other. Ultimately, I connect the pursuit of intellectual happiness with the fulfillment of the imperfect duty of one’s own perfection, through which a transition from nature to freedom can be accomplished in Kant’s philosophy.
Deploying the high-power pulsed lasers in precision force metrology – Towards SI traceable and practical force quantization by photon momentum
Authors: Vasilyan Suren , Fröhlich Thomas , Rogge Norbert
Published: August 2022

Design and operational performance of table-top measurement apparatus is presented towards direct Planck constant traceable high accuracy and high precision small forces and optical power measurements within the SI unit system. Electromagnetic force compensation weighing balances, highly reflective mirrors and high-energy pulsed laser unit (static average power 20 W) are tailored together with a specially developed opto-electro-mechanical measurement infrastructure for cross-mapping the scale-systems of two different precision small force measurement methods. One of these methods obtains the force measurements by a state-of-the-art classical kinematic system employing the partial use of Kibble balance principle in the range of 10 nN  to  4000 nN to be compared with forces generated due to quantum-mechanical effect namely the transfer of the momentum of photons from a macroscopic object. Detailed overview of the adapted measurement methodology, the static and the limits of dynamic measurement, the metrological traceability routes of the measurement parameters, quantities and their measurement uncertainties, parametric estimation of up (down)-scaling perspectives of the measurements are presented with respect to the state-of-the-art measurement principles and standard procedures within the newly redefined International System of Units (SI).
Neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios as a biomarker in postoperative wound infections
Authors: Duran Hülya , Alpdemir Medine , Çeken Nihan , Alpdemir Mehmet Fatih , Kula Atik Tuğba
Published: August 2022

Objectives

We aimed to investigate retrospectively the association between the development of surgical wound infection after orthopedic surgery, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) obtained from complete blood count results.

Methods

A total of 120 patients who underwent orthopedic surgery between 2018 and 2020 were evaluated retrospectively in our study. Wound culture results, complete blood counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values, orthopedic surgery, and wound types were obtained from the laboratory data administration system. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software.

Results

A total of 70 patients who experienced surgical wound infection (66% males and 34% females) and 50 patients without wound infection (64% males and 36% females) were included in this study. The mean age was 46.8 ± 11.4 years for the patients with infection after surgery and 50.1 ± 11.7 years for the patients without infection. Preoperative CRP, NLR, and PLR, and post-operative white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, ESR, CRP, NLR, and PLR values were significantly higher, and lymphocyte concentrations were significantly lower in the group with infection, in comparison with those without infection. In the postoperative period, CRP and ESR were high in patients with and without infection, while NLR was increased in only those with infection. A medium-level correlation was found between NLR and PLR, and CRP and ESR. Sensitivity was 66%, and specificity was 68% with a cut-off of >3.5 for NLR, while sensitivity was 42% and specificity was 71% with a cut-off of >135 for PLR.

Conclusions

We believe that the estimation of NLR and PLR values before the intervention in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery may be advantageous for identifying infection.
IV. Wahrheit oder Wahrscheinlichkeit als Urteilsgrundlage? Die Entstehung der freien richterlichen Beweiswürdigung
Authors: Schmoeckel Mathias
Published: August 2022

Wie entstanden die richterliche Beweiswürdigung und der Verzicht auf Wahrheit bei der richterlichen Urteilsfindung? Vermutungen rechtfertigten im römisch-kanonischen Beweisrecht meist kein Urteil. Im konfessionellen Zeitalter entstanden Theorien des Probabilismus, wonach Menschen allenfalls Wahrscheinlichkeiten erkennen konnten. Mathematiker bewiesen anhand von juristischen Schulfällen des 13. Jahrhunderts den substantiellen Unterschied zwischen Verdacht und nahezu sicherem Wissen. Der britische Sensualismus ließ im Jury-Mitglied den unvoreingenommenen Richter erkennen, wogegen der Berufsrichter nur durch Vorurteile geprägt sein könne. Die freie Beweiswürdigung wurde daher zum Ideal im Zuge der Französischen Revolution.

Inhalt: I. Einleitung. – II. Die objektive Wahrheit im gemeinen Beweisrecht, 1. Die Kraft der Vermutungen, 2. Ausnahme I: Jenseits der poena ordinaria, 3. Ausnahme II: Thomas de Piperata, 4. Ausnahme III: Das freie Ermessen des Fürsten. – III. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit bloß menschlicher Erkenntnis, 1. Melanchthon und die neue Sicherheit durch Methode, 2. Melchior Cano und die Antwort der römischen Kirche. – IV. Vom Skeptizismus zur Wahrscheinlichkeit sinnlichen Erkennens, 1. Michel de Montaigne, 2. John Locke, 3. David Hume. – V. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Mathematik, 1. Jakob und Nikolaus Bernoulli, 2. Bayes-Theorem. – VI. Der Weg zur französischen Revolution. – VI. Schluss
I. Eine μίσθωσις eines Palmengartens aus Philadelphia (P.Freib. 76)
Authors: Kaiser Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Der Beitrag ediert, übersetzt und kommentiert eine bislang unveröffentlichte μίσθωσις des Jahres 226 n. Chr. über die Dattelernte eines Palmengartens aus Philadelphia im Arsinoites (= P.Freib. 76). Der μίσθωσις liegt ein Angebot in Form eines Hypomnema zugrunde. Der Eigentümer des Grundstücks ist ein Kaiserpriester und νεωκόρος des großen Sarapis, den vor Ort ein φροντιστής vertritt. Neben Standardklauseln weist das Angebot auch noch Besonderheiten auf: So zahlen die fünf Misthōsiswilligen neben dem φόρος auch eine weitere Summe an den Eigentümer für Bewachung und Befruchtung der Dattelpalmen. Anhang I erörtert, ob mit weiteren Ausfertigungen des Vertrages zu rechnen ist, Anhang II versucht eine Teilrekonstruktion von P.Tebt. I 158 und Anhang III setzt sich mit der Frage der adäquaten juristischen Terminologie zur Beschreibung einer μίσθωσις auseinander.
VI. Die longi temporis praescriptio in der diokletianischen Reskriptenpraxis
Authors: Harke Jan Dirk
Published: August 2022

The longi temporis praescriptio in Diocletian’s rescripts. The concept of longi temporis praescriptio, as it appears from the sources, is essentially the work of the lawyers in Diocletian’s chancellery. Taking a comprehensive approach that also extends to usucapio, they establish two firmly defined prerequisites: titulus as the objective element, that is given a technical denomination for the first time, and bona fides, understood as the good faith of the possessor. The praescriptio is thus transformed into an institute of substantive law, which not only corresponds to the replacement of formulary by cognition procedure, but is also in line with the already existing relation to the person of the owner. In this way, Diocletian’s jurists develop the available legal material in a thoroughly innovative manner.
VIII. Ius quod necessitas constituit, Senatusconsultum est. Jacques Cujas und die Grundlage der normativen Befugnis des römischen Senates
Authors: Marino Salvatore
Published: August 2022

Ius quod necessitas constituit, Senatusconsultum est. Jacques Cujas and the foundation of the normative power of the Roman Senate. Jacqes Cujas identifies in his Paratitla, in his Observationes and extensively in the texts of his posthumously collected lectures, necessity to be the source and foundation of the normative power of the Roman Senate. In doing so, he revisited, rectified and refined the achievements of the medieval jurists, he connected literary and legal sources with philological precision and historical awareness, and achieved results, which are also particularly useful to the contemporary historiographical and historical legal reflection. This study attempts to render all these aspects, on the basis of the numerous testimonies in the Opera omnia, showing the context and the implications.
Legum Multitudo: Diskussionen und Perspektiven aus Anlass einer Übersetzung1)
Authors: Mantovani Dario
Published: August 2022

Legum Multitudo. Discussions and Perspectives on the Occasion of a Translation. On the occasion of the Spanish translation of his study on the leges publicae in Roman private law, the author clarifies some of his own statements which were subsequently misunderstood and criticized, before commenting on parallel developments in this field of research over the last ­decade, especially on the revaluation of the leges regiae. The new results confirm the importance which the Romans attached to the lex; the role played by other forms of written sources of law also emerges, that taken together with the activity of jurists leads to a more complex and realistic picture of the Roman legal system – without diminishing the importance of jurisprudence.
Römisches Recht und kirchliches Recht. Rechtspluralismus und Multinormativität im merowingischen Frankenreich
Authors: Scholz Sebastian
Published: August 2022

This article shows how Roman law and ecclesiastical law combined and could lead to a generation of norms that were not normative but practical. The focus lies on the question of how the coexistence or intermixture of Roman and ecclesiastical law played out. What do we know about the processes of norm generation that were conditioned by legal pluralism in the early Middle Ages? Is it sufficient to label these phenomena with the term ‘legal pluralism’, or is the term ‘multinormativity’ more appropriate? This study focuses on the normative enactments on child abandonment in Roman and ecclesiastical law and their adoption in the legal practice of the formulae. In addition, the provision of the 18th canon of the Synod of Mâcon (581/583) on perjury and its connection to Roman law, as well as the inheritance provision of the 12th
formula of the second book of the Formulae Marculfi are discussed.
Angebote in Form von Hypomnemata und Vertragsschlussbei der μίσθωσις
Authors: Kaiser Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

The article examines the various forms of signatures on offers for a μίσθωσις of land with regard to a conclusion of a contract. Reference is made to Peter Herrmann’s thesis (1958), which says that offers in the form of hypomnemata are seen as an empty form from a certain point in time onwards.
Überlegungen zum Vertragsschluss bei einer μίσθωσις über Grundstücke
Authors: Kaiser Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the question how a μίσθωσις of properties can become binding for the parties according to the greco-egyptian documents. It tries to show that Hans Julius Wolff’s teaching of the „Zweckverfügung“ is not sustainable for the conclusion of a μίσθωσις of properties. Instead of modifying this teaching (Behrend, Herrmann and Kränzlein), which is not indicated by the documents, the μίσθωσις of properties in the greco-egyptian documents can also be seen as a binding contract, and its liability is based on the consensus of the parties.
Resistance Training–Induced Gains in Rate of Force Development Are Maintained During Training Cessation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Grgic Jozo , Grgic Ivana
Published: August 2022

The present meta-analysis examined the effects of resistance training on increasing the rate of force development (RFD), followed by exploring the changes in RFD occurring during training cessation. Five databases were searched to find eligible studies. Their methodological quality was evaluated using the Downs and Black checklist. The data were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Seven studies with 11 training groups were included in the meta-analysis. All studies were classified as being of good or moderate quality. Resistance training increased RFD (d: 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09–0.38). There was no significant difference in RFD between the postintervention and postdetraining periods (d: −0.02; 95% CI: −0.10–0.06). In subgroup meta-analyses, there was no significant difference (all p > 0.05) between the postintervention and postdetraining RFD when categorized according to detraining duration (up to 4 weeks versus 7–16 weeks) or participants' training status (untrained versus trained). This meta-analysis demonstrated that resistance training effectively increases RFD. More importantly, the results also indicated that gains in RFD are maintained after detraining. Thus, unlike a few other resistance training–induced adaptations (e.g., increases in muscular strength and muscular endurance), it seems that gains in RFD are preserved during a detraining phase.
The Politics of Parasite in South Korea
Authors: Yang Myungji
Published: August 2022

Over the quarter-century since the Asian financial crisis, social inequality has become more visible, and precariousness is now a part of daily life for many in South Korea. Examining patterns of disparity in different areas and the ways in which social discontent with increasing inequality is manifested and politicized will advance our understanding of the politics of social inequality—how perceived inequality leads to political preferences and collective action. This essay describes how different forms of inequality have evolved in South Korea since the late 1990s, what narratives have formed around these issues, and how they have shaped South Korean politics.
Mechanizm systematyzujący i hipersystematyzujący osób z autystycznego spektrum w teorii wynalazczości „jeżeli-i-to” Simona Barona-Cohena – konteksty edukacyjne
Authors:   Doktorantka Szkoły Doktorskiej Akademii Ignatianum w Krakowie, Borowska Agata
Published: August 2022

The article is based on the latest theory of human inventiveness by Simon Baron- -Cohen (2021). The author is convinced that people on the autism spectrum have specialized minds that systematize. He calls them “born pattern seekers”. They create the foundations of human civilization, demonstrating a “love of logic” (Baron-Cohen, 2021, p. 15). The precision and tendency to classify demonstrated by such people results from the need to understand the surrounding reality in the process of different preferences for learning. The researcher reformulated the understanding of the autism spectrum in social sciences and humanities, embedding it in the concept of neurodiversity. Simon Baron-Cohen initiated a debate on changing the way of thinking about autism – a transition from the medical-diagnostic understanding of autism as a disorder or disability to understanding it as a specialized uniqueness in the way of interpreting reality, noticeable in people on the autism spectrum.
Biomateryallerin Üniversal Adeziv sistemlere Bağlanma Dayanımının Karşılaştırılması: İn Vitro Çalışma
Authors: YAVUZ Yasemin
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalsiyum silikat içerikli biomateryallerin farklı pH sahip Üniversal adeziv sistemlere makaslama bağlanma dayanımını karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem
20 milimetre (mm) çapında ve 20 mm derinlikte kare kalıplara silindirik boşlukları(4mm çap- 2 mm derinlik) bulunan 63 adet akrilik blok hazırlandı. Dokuz gruba ayrıldı. Üretici firmaların talimatları doğrultusunda her bir biyomateryalden (NeoPutty, Theracal PT, Biodentine) 21 adet olacak şekilde hazırlanan boşluklara yerleştirildi. Biyomateryallerin üzerine Üniversal Adeziv sistemler; Gluma Bond Universal, Single Bond Universal, G-Premio Bond üretici firma talimatına göre uygulandıktan sonra kompozit rezin polietilenden hazırlanmış 2 mm çapında ve 2 mm yüksekliğinde silindirik plastik tüplere yerleştirildi ve 20 sn LED ışık cihazı ile polimerize edildi. Tüm örneklerin makaslama bağlanma dayanımı universal test cihazında Newton cinsinden ölçüldü. Shapiro-wilk testi sonucuna göre istatistiksel Parametrik testlerden Tek Yönlü (one way ANOVA) Varyans Analizi yöntemi uygulandı. Gruplar kendi aralarında Post hoc Tukey HSD testi ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular
Biodentin ve TheraCal PT grupları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu P<0.05. Theracal PT ve NeoPutty grupları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu P<0.05. Biodentin ve NeoPutty grupları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değil P>0.05.
Sonuç
Vital pulpa tedavilerinde kalsiyum silikat esaslı rezin içerikli TheraCal PT Üniversal adeziv sistemlerle kullanımı tercih edilebilir. Ancak vital pulpa üzerine etkilerini değerlendiren ileri histolojik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. NeoPutty’nin gösterdiği makaslama bağlanma değerleri Biodentin’den düşük olmasına rağmen bu sonuç istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Kompozit restorasyonlarda adeziv sistemlerin NeoPutty'ye bağlanma mekanizmasını anlamak için invivo çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünüldü.
Süt Dişi Başlangıç Mine Lezyonlarının Remineralizasyonunda Kullanılan Farklı Yapıdaki Diş Macunlarının Mikrosertlik Üzerine Etkisinin İn Vitro Koşullarda Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: UYSAL Sevil , TULGA ÖZ Firdevs
Published: August 2022

Amaç:

Bu çalışmada; farklı içeriklerdeki remineralizasyon
kapasitesine sahip diş macunlarının, üst süt kesici dişlerdeki başlangıç mine
lezyonlarının remineralizasyonu üzerine etkinliğinin in vitro koşullarda
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Çalışmamızda kullanılan 40 adet üst süt kesici dişe
uygulanan remineralizasyon materyalleri sırasıyla; florid içerikli diş macunu
(F), kazein fosfopeptid- amorf kalsiyum fosfatlı diş macunu (CPP-ACP), nanohidroksiapatitli
diş macunu (nHAP), ve kalsiyum gliserofosfat içeren diş macunu (CaGP)’dur.
Dişlere 7 günlük pH döngüsü boyunca materyaller günde iki defa bir aplikatör
yardımıyla uygulanmıştır. Örneklerin yüzey sertliğindeki değişimler ise
Mikrosertlik Testiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular:Tüm gruplarda demineralizasyon sonrası mikrosertlik
değerlerinin başlangıç ve pH döngüsü sonrası 
değerlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük olduğu
belirlenmiştir (p<0,05).

Kullanılan diş macunlarıyla tedavi edilen örneklerin
mikrosertlik bulguları değerlendirildiğinde; çalışma sonucunda, grupların pH
döngüsü sonrası yüzey mikrosertlik değerleri arasındaki farkın istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). 

Demineralizasyon ve remineralizasyon alanlarının
mikrosertlik değerlerinin sağlam mine değerlerine göre istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı düzeyde düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm ajanların remineralizasyondan
sonraki yüzey sertlik değerleri demineralize alanlardan istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuş, remineralizasyondan sonra elde edilen
yüzey sertlik kazancı açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark
bulunamamıştır.Sonuçlar:Çalışmamızın Mikrosertlik bulguları
değerlendirildiğinde; tüm gruplarda uygulanan remineralizasyon ajanlarının,
oluşturulan başlangıç çürüklerinin remineralizasyonunda etkili olduğu ve
floride alternatif olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler:Demineralizasyon, florid, kalsiyum gliserofosfat,
kazein fosfopeptid-amorf kalsiyum fosfat, mikrosertlik, nanohidroksiapatit,
remineralizasyon.
FOCAL EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA TREATED WITH CRYOSURGERY: A CASE REPORT
Authors: ÇAKAN Kübra Nur , YELER Defne , ENİNANÇ İlknur , GÖZE Fahrettin
Published: August 2022

Focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) is a rare, benign disease of the oral mucosa, which is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 13 and 32 with probable genetic susceptibility.
In this case report, we present the clinical, histopathological features and treatment of lesions observed in the oral mucosa of a 16-year-old female patient. Although FEH does not require any treatment in most cases, various treatments are available for patients with aesthetic concerns or complaints of functional impairment due to constant biting on the lesions. Cryosurgery was preferred for this patient with multiple lesions varying in size from 0.2 to 1.5 cm because of its many advantages, and considerable improvement was observed in the lesions.
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF PARENTS ABOUT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMATIC DENTAL INJURIES
Authors: SERMET ELBAY Ulku , ELBAY Mesut , KAYA Can , UĞURLUEL GÜLERYÜZ Ceren , UÇAR Gül
Published: August 2022

Background: The purpose of the present study was to (i) evaluate how awareness parents living in Kocaeli, Turkey are regarding traumatic dental injuries (TDI); and to (ii) evaluate the effectiveness of an information leaflet provided during a dental visit in increasing parents’ awareness regarding TDIs.
Methods: The study was conducted with 237 parents of children aged 6-12 years who applied to the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic for routine dental examinations. Parents’ awareness regarding TDIs was assessed using a questionnaire both prior to and 1 month after providing education using a leaflet that included information on the emergency management of actual trauma cases. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: Part 1 collected demographic information and information regarding previous experiences of dental trauma, and Part 2 included 12 questions designed to evaluate the level of awareness regarding dental trauma. Data obtained from the questionnaires were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis H, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon, McNemar and Chi-square tests.
Results: Parents scores on the questionnaires increased significantly (P<.05) from rather low scores (mean: 4.6) prior to education to rather high scores (mean: 9.1) after education. In addition, for each question, the number of correct answers also increased significantly after education (P<.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed parents had insufficient awareness regarding traumatic dental injuries, but educating them with a leaflet that included real trauma cases during a dental visit had a great impact in terms of improving their awareness about TDIs.
Pulpa Kuafajı ve Kuafaj Materyallerine Güncel Bir Bakış: Derleme
Authors: AKIN Dilek , ATALAYIN ÖZKAYA Çiğdem
Published: August 2022

Pulpa kuafajı; farklı materyaller yardımıyla çeşitli biyolojik süreçlerin aktive edildiği ve bu sayede tamir ve rejenerasyonun hedeflendiği oldukça önemli bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Pulpa kuafajında amaç; pulpanın canlılığını, fonksiyonlarını ve pulpa-dentin kompleksini korumaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hedeflenen, ekspoze pulpa dokusu üzerine bir örtüleyici uygulayarak dentin benzeri yapı veya dentin köprüsü oluşumunu sağlamaktır. Kuafaj uygulamasının başarısını etkileyen pek çok faktör mevcuttur. Bu faktörler; hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, kuafaj uygulanacak diş ve konumu, pulpa ekspozunun nedeni, pulpa ekspozisyonun boyutu ve lokalizasyonu, kullanılan kuafaj materyali ve uygulanan restorasyon olarak özetlenebilir. Pulpa kuafajının başarılı olması için en önemli kritik faktörlerden biri; pulpa canlılığını ve fonksiyonunu koruyacak, doku ile uyumlu bir materyalin kullanılmasıdır. Günümüze kadar pulpa kuafajı için pek çok materyal incelenmiş ve tavsiye edilmiştir. Kuafaj amacıyla kullanılan materyaller; kalsiyum hidroksit içerikli materyaller, trikalsiyum silikat içerikli materyaller, rezin içerikli materyaller ve diğer potansiyel kuafaj materyalleri başlıkları altında sınıflandırılabilir. Mevcut materyaller birbirleriyle kıyaslandığında, çeşitli avantaj ve dezavantajlarının bulunduğu görülmektedir. Mevcut kuafaj materyallerinin dezavantajlarını ortadan kaldırmak, kuafaj uygulamalarında başarı oranını arttırabilmek ve ideal kuafaj materyaline ulaşabilmek için araştırmalar devam etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda mevcut materyallerde modifikasyonlar yapılmakta ve yeni potansiyel materyaller araştırılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı; geçmişten günümüze kadar kullanılan kuafaj materyallerinin içerikleri, etki mekanizmaları, avantaj-dezavantajları ve başarı oranları ile ilgili bilgileri ve araştırma bulgularını literatür doğrultusunda aktarmaktır.
Not One and The Same: Published Opinion as a Poor Predictor of Public Opinion
Authors: Morath Tobias , Schwaiger Manfred , Mahler Kristina
Published: August 2022

According to agenda-setting theory, the media determine what we have to think about and how we have to think about it. While there is ample evidence that this holds true in social and political contexts, our analysis advises caution when drawing conclusions about the reputation of companies from media reports. We analyze news media coverage on corporate social responsibility (CSR) regarding ist impact on the reputation of companies listed on the former German DAX30 from 2005 to 2011. As in many other cases, not (CSR) facts are decisive, but how those facts are perceived by stakeholders. Although it is tempting to believe that the news media has an impact on how the public assesses corporations, in particular their reputation, our exploratory study reveals that news media coverage of CSR-related activities does not drive reputation perceptions in a notable manner. Clear patterns of reputation increase or decrease following positive or negative media reports cannot be identified. Hence, we advocate against using news media data as a substitute for reputation surveys due to poor predictive capabilities.
Branded for Survival: Naming Effects on the Life Expectancy of New Companies
Authors: Gürtler Stefan , Miller Barbara
Published: August 2022

Companies have short lives – most start-ups are no longer in business ten years after their foundation. Numerous studies have investigated the factors that have a life-prolonging effect. What has been ignored so far is the influence of the company name. It is one of the very first marketing activities, indispensable for registration, for finding investors, and for addressing customers, and it is also the most persistent element of corporate branding. Our study of some 1,300 new companies shows higher survival probabilities for firms with explanatory and/or easy to process names. This opens new perspectives for branding research, in which survival analyses have not yet found their way in.
Families of the Past: Was the North-Western European Household System Prevalent in the 19th Century Lithuania?
Authors: Maslauskaitė Aušra , Leinartė Dalia , Dirsytė Irma
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes family and household types in the mid. 19th century Vilnius and Kaunas gubernijy. The research is based on the large-scale dataset composed of the archival census-like listings of individuals by family units and defined as inventories. The dataset covers the inventories from 1847 and it includes around 20 thousand individuals. Based on the Hammel and Laslett (1974) methodology the research identifies nuclear, extended, and multiple-family households. The research is guided by Hajnal’s (1982) theory on the North-Western and Eastern European household systems. The former could be characterized by the dominance of the nuclear family households. Empirical analysis proves that around 40 percent of all households were nuclear family households. On the other hand, multiple-family households were not dominant. Thus, the main findings corroborate the idea that there was a transitional zone between the Eastern and North-Western household systems in the western part of the tsarist Russian empire.
Examination of Abnormal Alpha-synuclein Aggregates in the Enteric Neural Plexus in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gibo Noriaki , Hamaguchi Tomonari , Miki Yasuo , Yamamura Takeshi , Nakaguro Masato , Ito Mikako , Nakamuara Masanao , Kawashima Hiroki , Hirayama Masaaki , Hirooka Yoshiki , Wakabayashi Koichi , Ohno Kinji
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. Accumulating knowledge points to the notion that abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) starts in the gut and ascends to the substantia nigra via the vagus nerve in about a half of PD patients. Epidemiological studies revealed that ulcerative colitis (UC) increases a risk for PD 1.3 to 1.8-folds. However, it remains unknown whether αSyn is abnormally aggregated in the enteric neurons in UC patients.

Methods: We first inspected and optimized the immunostaining protocols with an anti-phosphorylated αSyn antibody, pSyn#64, using the brain and the gut of eight autopsied cases (five with PD and three without PD). Then, we examined abnormal αSyn aggregation in the enteric neurons in 23 and 18 colectomized patients with and without UC, respectively. Five or more sections were stained for αSyn in each of 87 and 25 paraffin- embedded blocks in patients with and without UC, respectively.

Results: Ten different protocols of epitope exposure appropriately stained aggregated αSyn in the brain, but only complete lack of epitope exposure stained aggregated αSyn in the colon with low background. Abnormal αSyn aggregates, which was confirmed by co-localization of p62, in the enteric neurons were detected in a single patient with UC but not in any patients without UC.

Conclusions: Omission of epitope exposure enabled us to immunostain aggregated αSyn in the colon by pSyn#64 with low nonspecific staining, but the number of 23 UC patients was not high enough to discern whether abnormal αSyn aggregation in the colonic neural plexus was increased in UC or not.
Caracterização das condições de vida entre idosos de Instituições de Longa Permanência de um município de médio porte do Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Morais Vanessa Macêdo Cruz Cordeiro de , Pinto Antonio Germane Alves , Cândido Estelita Lima , Costa Milena Silva , Pinheiro Adriana de Alencar Gomes , Maia Evanira Rodrigues , Cordeiro Valeska Macêdo Cruz
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e de institucionalização de pessoas idosas residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência. Métodos: estudo transversal, documental, desenvolvido em cinco Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos de um município do Estado do Ceará, Brasil. Utilizou-se nos meses de julho a setembro de 2019, um formulário para identificar nos prontuários os referidos perfis. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva. Resultados: do total de 157 pessoas idosas institucionalizadas, a maioria eram mulheres (57,9%), com idade entre 71 e 80 anos (42,1%), solteiras (52,2%), analfabetas (49%), renda de um salário-mínimo (90,4%), com 1 a 4 filhos (34,4%). As condições clínicas encontradas foram a deficiência visual e/ou auditiva grave não corrigida (14,7%), doenças reumáticas ou neurológicas que dificultavam a movimentação das mãos (16,6%), diabetes mellitus (18,5%), doença de Alzheimer (14%) e de Parkinson (0,6%). O uso contínuo de medicação foi identificado em 87,9% das pessoas idosas e 84,7% delas não tinham registros de hospitalizações nos últimos 12 meses. O principal motivo para a institucionalização foi a dificuldade de suporte familiar (56%), o tempo de permanência na instituição era entre um e três anos (42,1%) e 63,7% das pessoas idosas recebiam visitas de familiares e amigos. Conclusões: os perfis expressados na pesquisa subsidiam necessidades de atenção à saúde e de apoio social ao idoso institucionalizado.
Relaciones intergeneracionales en trayectorias educativas de jóvenes (hijos/as de) migrantes en Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Alejandra González Mariana
Published: August 2022

Este artículo examina ciertas características de las trayectorias educativas de jóvenes de origen extranjero en el nivel secundario del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA). Tiene por objetivo analizar las relaciones intergeneracionales que se estructuran, en parte, desde tales trayectorias. Para ello, se ha realizado un trabajo de investigación cualitativo, con diversas técnicas de recolección de datos y cuya muestra se compuso de jóvenes hijos e hijas de migrantes, personas adultas migrantes, preceptores y docentes de escuelas primarias, medias y bachilleratos populares.  Como resultado de la investigación, se proponen tres tipos de relaciones intergeneracionales: una centrada en los modos de participación de adultos/as, que varían entre formas laxas a otras más rígidas; otra a partir de dinámicas de intercambio (don-contra don), en las que se consolidan ciertos derechos y deberes; y por último, una basada en la transmisión de un legado, de cierto anhelo de movilidad social ascendente vía educación.
Modeling a Global View on Nuclear Fuel Leasing, Recycling, and Proliferation
Authors: Hazra Aniket , Saha Soumadip
Published: August 2022

The model was used to study fuel leasing possibilities after a system dynamics model was built to simulate fuel cycle interactions between two different nuclear organisations. The model was also used to assess the proliferation and economic consequences of a global leasing policy. An
open fuel cycle results in large spent-fuel buildup in a nuclear expansion scenario. The leased fuel cycle, when combined with enhanced security and safety technologies, has the ability to alleviate proliferation concerns in a closed fuel cycle.