bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice-oriented approach use for prospective designers and teachers training at higher educational establishments
Authors: Ashutova Tatiana Vyacheslavovna
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the problem of results quality improving in educational programs and their development in connection with the introduction of new higher education standards, which require the usage of a practice-oriented approach in training future designers and teachers. Topical aspects of competence model in training students majoring in graphic design are elucidated in the paper. A trend that traditional education is losing ground to practice-oriented education is also considered. The paper deals with basic modern approaches to understanding and defining the essence of practice-oriented learning. The author's vision of knowledge-oriented and practice-oriented approach balance (with regard to the educational specifics of teachers-designers) is presented. It describes the implementation of practice-oriented training in the internship of designers and teachers of Arts and Service Department at Murmansk Arctic State University. It is necessary to create methodological support of the training process according to the requirements of a practice-oriented training model. Pedagogical literature in training, analysis of state educational standards, modern approaches to the design and implementation of e-learning, own practical experience, description of the main provisions were used in the development of practice-oriented electronic textbook Information technologies in graphic design. The paper depicts a basic method of practice-oriented learning that is implemented in educational practice at Arts and Service Department at MASU.
The functional aspect of assessing the language for specific purposes at Law Departments
Authors: Vikulina Olga Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes an evaluation system of law students LSP level that is developed and introduced by the author in Petrozavodsk State University. The development of such an evaluation system is determined by the necessity of making the assessment of law students foreign language competence more systematic, objective, communicative, individualized, covering all language skills, less stressful and including self-evaluation. The paper draws attention to the functional aspect of the evaluation system as the functions of the assessment are responsible for the correct arrangement of testing, evaluation impact on the learning process, students motivation, grading and skills development by means of testing procedures. The author visually presents the application of the assessment functions at different stages of the learning process and their role in entry, formative, progress achievement and summative assessment. The paper also examines other aspects of the evaluation system aims, developed skills and evaluation criteria.
Teaching prospective teachers of physics how to control the intellectual development of schoolchildren procedurally
Authors: Samoylov Evgeny Andreevich
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the different approaches to the control of the intellectual development of students in teaching physics in school, due on the one hand, to the diversity of psychological interpretations of intelligence and models of its formation and, on the other hand, used in the study, methodological orientations (classical, no classical, or postnonclassical). A description of the procedural model is proposed by the author, it shows how to control the intellectual development of students, which is built in accordance with the type of post-nonclassical rationality based on a holistic (holistic) understanding of the nature of intelligence, taking into account the value of the information society and the influence of the disciples of the collective on the effectiveness of individual educational activities for teaching physics. The proposed procedural model allows to develop recommendations for effective adaptive learning physics students, taking into account the laws of intellectual development and the specificity of operation holonic organizational systems. From a procedural point of view controlling the intellectual development of students is a regulation of consistent educational change states of inhomogeneous collective of students, which leads to the desired enrichment of the intellectual resources of each school-nick for Learning Physics. The approach of controlling the intellectual development of students, described by the author, is the subject of study by students future teachers of physics in the framework of forming pedagogical experiment in Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education.
Features of mathematical concepts formation at school students on the basis of bilingual education
Authors: Spiridonova Natalia Ivanovna
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with mathematical concepts formation at students on the basis of bilingual education. It describes the results of experimental work, including the questioning of students and teachers, aimed at identifying preferences of native or the Russian language as the language of instruction, screening efforts to identify the level of mathematical language learning at pupils of 56 classes on the basis of the two languages. As a result of psycho-pedagogical and educational materials and dissertations analysis the author describes peculiarities of bilingual educational process aimed at mathematical concepts formation in educational institutions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). This process takes place in stages and is implemented through the combined action. The author concludes that the primary means of performing steps corresponding to the steps of mathematical concepts formation can be bilingual didactic complex, aimed at concepts formation and pupils mathematical speech development. The findings of the study can be used as the basis for designing a technique of mathematical concepts formation in terms of bilingualism, for educational materials creation, as well as used by school teachers with native language training.
Dynamics of ticks’ infection with a tick-borne encephalitis virus in some areas of Kirov Region
Authors: Bessolitsyna Ekaterina Andreevna , Nozdrina Elena Vasil’evna , Volkov Stanislav Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

In this research we studied the dynamics of infestation of ticks with European and Siberian isoforms of tick of tick-borne encephalitis virus collected from 2007 to 2016 from vegetation cover, domestic animals and clothes in Kirov, Kirovo-Chepetsk, Orychevsky, Zuevsky, Slobodsky and Turinsky districts of Kirov Oblast. All collected samples were analyzed for the presence of tick-borne encephalitis virus in them. The virus isoforms were detected by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The analysis revealed the dynamics of the percentage of ticks infected with isoforms of tick-borne encephalitis virus. In the central regions, which share common borders, it was revealed the coincidence of the peaks of infection with the European isoform virus, but further studies are needed to determine the periodicity. It was also noted that for some areas, the maximum peak of infection and the increase in the time between peaks are characteristic. A low percentage of contamination in the territory of Kirov city could be associated with treatment with acaricides. Since 2011, in the Kirov region, there have been cases of ticks infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus from the Siberian isoform. Every year there is an intensive penetration of the Siberian isoform westward through the territory of the Kirov Region. Periodicity of peaks is approximately 3 years.
Toxicity assessment of pickling liquors containing TiF₃, HF and HCl before and after neutralization using a phytotesting method
Authors: Bykovsky Nikolay Alekseevich , Zabirov Timur Zulfukarovich , Ovsyannikova Inna Vyacheslavovna , Puchkova Lyudmila Nikolaevna , Fanakova Nadezhda Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The paper evaluates the toxicity of spent acid pickling liquor (SAPL) formed in the production of titanium products during its etching with a mixture of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. The SAPL contained TiF₃, HF and HCl in the amounts of 21,9 g/l, 1,7 g/l and 6,2 g/l, respectively. To determine the toxicity of SAPL, a phytotesting method was used. As a phytoecological indicator, cress of Zabava variety was used. The experiment was carried out according to the procedure for determining the toxicity of drinking, ground, surface and sewage water; the toxicity of chemical solutions by measuring the germination index, average length and average dry weight of seed germs of cress (Lepidium sativum). The toxicity of the SAPL was determined before and after neutralizing with alkali. It has been shown that SAPL has an acute toxic effect both before and after its neutralization by alkali. To determine a safe dilution rate, the influence of SAPL dilution on seed germination, average length and average dry weight of the seedlings was studied. It was found that the seedlings average length-dilution rate equations most reliably describe the experimental findings. The safe dilution rate calculated from these relations is 669,2 for non-neutralized SAPL and 382,5 for alkaline neutralized SAPL.
Peculiarities of optimal structure of Orenburg Region agrolandscapes
Authors: Evstifeeva Tatyana Aleksandrovna , Glukhovskaya Marina Yuryevna
Published: December 2020

In this article the examines the degree of change of regional territories is examined with predominance of earth of the agricultural setting. In the Orenburg Region where in a number of administrative regions more than one third of the territory is plowed, necessity such the researches obvious. The analysis of the distribution of the land fund by category is carried out. Time changes in all land categories were studied, and the level of anthropogenic transformation was determined by the coefficient of land use, the coefficient that takes into account the intensity of agricultural land use and the coefficient of plowing of agricultural lands. A number of disproportions are formed in accordance with the maximum possible and optimal environmental parameters: a large agro-land plot (88,5%, with a norm for steppe zones of 60-65% and an optimal 40%), a lot of arable land (more than 50%, 40-45%), an extremely low proportion of forest land (5,16% in 10-15% and the optimal value of 15-20%), as well as a general lack of natural lands (OOP 0,19-0,64%). Undertaken studies testify to intensive development of agrolandscapes on territory of area, and necessity of artificial maintenance of the equilibrium state of agroecosystems, that can be arrived at only by totality of reclamative, agronomical and ecological events.
Modern state and perspectives of amphibian and reptile synantropisation in anthropocoenosiss of Eastern Azerbaijan
Authors: Novruzov Nizami Enver , Bunyatova Sabina Nizami
Published: December 2020

Three species of amphibians and 21 species of reptiles were found on the investigated anthropogenically transformed territories of the eastern part of Azerbaijan, which was 32% of 75 species representing the herpetofauna of the republic as a whole. A consistent decrease in the abundance and index of species diversity was revealed with an increase in the degree of development of the territory and the level of anthropogenic impact. The ratio of species in anthropocoenosiss varied depending on the size of their areas. The recreational pressing has presumably less influence on the numbers, but more on the species diversity of amphibian and reptile. In less developed areas, their numbers increase due to the presence of background species. The effectiveness of adaptation of some species of amphibians and reptiles is apparently associated with an adequate response to environmental changes brought about by anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. As the research has shown, anthropogenic impacts contributed to the spread and growth of the numbers of 7 species (2 species of amphibians and 5 species of reptiles). For Absheron Peninsula and Gobustan, such species were Bufotes variabilis, Pelophylax ridibundus, Eremias velox, Cyrtopodion caspius, Emys orbicularis, Natrix tessellata, Macrovipera lebetina. During the period of research, all these species were observed practically in all anthropogenic landscapes and now can be considered promising synanthropes for the regions studied.
Complex of reactions providing protective behavior of leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Pavlov Sergey Ivanovich
Published: December 2020

Protective behavior of 25 background species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) were studied in the conditions of the Samara Region during 1974-2014. Strategy of protective behavior is focused on conservation, enhancement and resettlement of a type in space. It includes 2 blocks of different and difficult reactions. There is passive protection, presented by 25 types of reactions and active protection, presented by more than 45 types of motive implications. Passive reactions do not demand an additional expenditure of efforts and energy. They are presented, mainly, by immobile posture of masking, concealment and others. On the contrary, active protection isnt possible without expense of additional efforts. In addition, active protection is more difficult, and also includes a series from several protective reactions, it is more effective. It is related to behavior of imago and larvas protection. Protective behavior can be individual and group. Protective behavior is closely bound to other functional behavioral blocks. There is trophism, communication and reproduction. Leaf beetles have a system of innate morphological, anatomic and physiological adaptations allowing them to experience many negative impacts of the environment.
Kashin princes in 60-80s of the XIV century
Authors: Abukov Sergey Navilievich
Published: December 2020

In the following paper the author researches the significance of Kashin as an important centre of the Tver Principality during the reign of Grand prince Vasily Mikhailovich and the confrontation between Moscow and Tver, Kashin unstable position of the princes, caused by the struggle of parties among the local ruling elite, caught between the two centers of power. As a result, the part of the elite continued to focus on Tver, while the other gave preference to Moscow. The latter position prevailed, which led to the refusal of the Prince of Kashin from the treaty with Mikhail and his involvement in the campaign against Tver in 1375. Special attention is paid to the growth of local separatism, the fate of the Kashin Principality under the treaty of 1375, securing its secession from the supreme power of Tver, as well as the short period of its formal independence and the circumstances of its return to Tver in 1382. The influence of the Kashin princes kinship ties, especially the marriage of Kashin prince Mikhail Vasilievich and the Moscow princess Vasilisa Semenovna, is also analyzed, the reasons, circumstances and significance of this marriage in the light of Moscow-Tver relations in the 60-80s of the XIV century in the general context of conjugal unions of the two leading principalities of North-Eastern Rus.
«Terek stockaded town, Terek redoubt, Terki?...» (the role of Terek in the history of the North-Eastern Caucasus in the XVI-XVII centuries)
Authors: Garunova Nina Nurmagomedovna , Suzdaltseva Irina Anatolievna , Galimova Lilia Nadipovna
Published: December 2020

This article examines the history of the disappeared Russian settlement-fortress, which refers to the period XVI-XVIII centuries. In earlier sources the city was called the redoubt of the Terek, the Terek fortress, sometimes there is a shorter name -Grater. Later they began to use the name Terek the city, represents the city and fortress near the mouth of the Terek, not far from the now not-existing of the river Tyumenka. In the modern period is the territory of the left Bank of the Old Terek to the North-East of the city of Kizlyar, Republic of Dagestan. Criticized the attempts to identify the history of the two fortresses: Walled town and Floats, as well as their role at the initial stage in the formation of Russian population of Dagestan. Characterized by the influence of the process of renewal of the Cossacks in military servicemen estate on the historical development of areas North-Eastern Caucasus. Attention is paid to issues such as the existence of different versions of the city name, the location where divergent opinions of researchers. Emphasis is placed on the role of the Terek city as the southern Outpost of the Russian state, the conductor's Caucasus policy on the North-Eastern Caucasus. The analysis of the problem, which allowed us to consider the integration of the provincial regions in the periphery of the Russian state in the South of the country, and analyzed the development of reference points to spread the influence of Russia in the XVI-XVII centuries.
Representatives of caddis flies of Integripalpia suborder in the system of environmental monitoring of the South Ural rivers
Authors: Chaus Boris Yuryevich
Published: December 2020

In the following paper the author tries to find a possibility to use larvae of caddis flies of Integripalpia suborder to increase a significance of bioindicator researches during environmental monitoring of the South Ural rivers. Analysis of caddis flies types constancy was carried out in 17 state water posts on the rivers flowing across the territory of South Ural from 2005 to 2016. As chemical characteristics such indexes as content in river waters of compounds of manganese, nickel and iron, oil products, phenols, ammonium nitrogen, coppers, zinc, COD, BOD₅, sulfates, chlorides, nitrite nitrogen were used. Specific combinatorial index of water impurity was used as a complex index. In total constancy evolution of 7 species of larvae of caddis flies of Integripalpia suborder was analyzed. Its the first time the author has made a list of constant, additive and casual types of Integripalpia on the studied territory. The author has revealed significant correlative dependences between constancy of larvae of species of caddis flies with a number of hydro chemical indexes. The author has made regression models used to forecast constancy of larvae of Integripalpia suborder types depending on concentration of the pollutant containing in river waters.
Trade and industry trends of Samara at the end of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th centuries
Authors: Makitrin Konstantin Mikhailovich
Published: December 2020

The following paper deals with the state and development tendencies of trade and industrial sectors of Samara at the end of the 19th the beginning of the 20th centuries. The research was conducted on the basis of archival materials analysis (results of trade and industrial institutions checks, reports of Samara inspectors, data about the number of the issued trade and industrial documents and certificates of various categories) and the statistical data that were found in calendars and memorable books of the Samara province. The author defined groups of Samara trade institutions and industrial enterprises, revealed main kinds of trade and industrial activity of Samara. The paper contains changes and development tendencies of the groups allocated by the author. The conducted research showed that at the end of the 19th the beginning of the 20th centuries the trade sphere of Samara unambiguously prevailed over an occupational sector by quantity of institutions. The study of activity kinds of trade and industrial institutions also unambiguously demonstrated rapid development of the Samara economy at the end of the 19th the beginning of the 20th centuries new kinds of activity, steady increase in the number of enterprises and institutions as well as their relative integration.
Samara Regional Movement 1920-1930 and his contribution to the study and conservation of the middle Volga Region
Authors: Makeeva Ekaterina Dmitrievna
Published: December 2020

Studying Russian environmental history is one of the urgent tasks of modern science as it allows you to use useful historical experience in conditions of aggravation of relations between society and nature. Nature protection in Russia has always been closely associated with the study of his homeland and his native land, being one of the most important areas of both academic and Amateur Ethnography. This article describes a contribution to the study and conservation of the Middle Volga Samara local history movement in the 1920s1930s, including one of the most important scientific societies of the time Samara society of archeology, history, Ethnography and natural Sciences and his successor. In its composition in the Golden age studies (1920s) worked the most famous scientists of the Samara, leaving a unique scientific legacy. Their work laid the foundations of modern science history, nature conservation and public movements for the protection of nature in the Samara region. Sources for the preparation of this article was mainly the Central state archive of the Samara region. A significant number of archival documents for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, which is the scientific novelty of the research.
The concept of the teacher’s ethical worldview formation
Authors: Salov Alexander Igorevich
Published: December 2020

The paper shows the importance of an ethical world view, which is a kind of technology for eliminating the worst enemies of mankind (terrorism, separatism, etc.), the technology of survival in situations that go beyond everyday life, leading to a common moral and ethical denominator of peoples efforts to suppress evil; it is pointed out that the ethical worldview of the teacher is a system of values of values as the ultimate meanings of life and activity that are directed towards the moral and value reality of the vertical of ethical consciousness, acting in the form of guidelines on the path of movement toward moral ideals, on top of which there is the ideal of the man of Mankind; different points of view of scientists as to their understanding of the concept concept are being comprehended; the concept of the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher in the process of improving the pedagogical qualification is developed in the following logic: 1. The rationale for the idea a) being the backbone of the transition from the core of the ethical worldview of the teacher of basic values to the goal; b) unfolding into the ideal as an image of the desired. 2. Defining the goal within the transition from basic values to the idea. 3. Justification of the ideal, the approach to which the teacher, the student is carried out through the good, synthesizing the basic values. 4. Identification of moral and ethical principles for the formation of the ethical worldview of the teacher. 5. Defining the approach to the formation of an ethical worldview teacher.
The study of burdock blossoms (Asteraceae: Arctium) entomofauna in the Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Leontyeva Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the study of burdock blossoms (Asteraceae: Arctium) in the Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan where they are one of the most common species among the Compositae plants. They are mostly ruderal weeds, growing usually in waste places (abandoned orchards, wastelands, ravines, roadsides, river banks, dumps, walls of houses and fences, etc.). Some representatives of this genus are also found in the floodplain forests, sparse deciduous forests, clearings, forest edges. The paper presents some results of study of species composition and population structure of phytophagous insects, developing in inflorescences of four species of burdock (Arctium tomentozum, Arctium minus, Arctium lappa, Arctium nemorosum) on the territory of Yelabuga District of the Republic of Tatarstan. Seven experimental sites were examined, their total area is 1,0 hectares. The basic research was conducted during the spring-summer period in 20152017 at the time of active flowering plants. There were three kinds of flies-petrotrak (Diptera: Tephritidae), one kind of flies-Midge (in Russian spp.), one kind of beetle-weevil (Curculionidae) and one species of moth (Gelechiidae).
Recovery of the bird population within pine forests after the catastrophic fires in 2010
Authors: Sorokina Julia Alexandrovna , Boryakova Elena Evgenievna
Published: December 2020

Process of bird population restoration after fires was investigated in two protected areas in the Volga river basin in central Russia. Anthropogenic pressure in Kerzhensky and Mordovsky nature reserves is very low, it made possible to discover some characteristics of the process of bird population restoration in reference environment. The counts were carried out both in the affected areas of the reserves, and in unaffected parts. The studied area was in its five year after the fire. Dynamics of post fire bird population restoration and its dependence on both the age and history of the original ecosystems were investigated. The authors present the results of dominant species analysis and information about their distribution in the investigated natural reserves. The authors show peculiarities and proportions of ecological groups of birds in the studied territories as well as their proportion. The influence of hydrological parameters on bird communities composition was investigated, it turned out that post fire partial inundation leads to increase of waders of Gallinago and Tringa genera. Species diversity of bird communities in affected areas was considered. Using Pielous index it was found that species evenness remained relatively high, i.e. no significant increase of dominance was observed after the fires. The authors analyzed the composition of ornitocomplexes in terms of different faunistic groups.
Colonial system: balance and prospects after 1945 in the assessments of diplomats of the United States, the USSR and Great Britain
Authors: Levin Yaroslav Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

The following paper deals with the views of the ambassadors of the USSR, the USA and Great Britain, expressed in telegrams for foreign affairs agencies. Rolling the world to a new global confrontation, the aggressive rhetoric of each participating country, specific actions to build up political and military capabilities required some kind of balanced assessment from experts who were well-versed in the political and social development of states that appeared after the Second World War on different sides of the barricade. In addition, the third world acquired special importance in the new conditions. The disintegration of the colonial system opened great prospects for each of the great powers. Therefore, besides the analyses of prospects and characteristics of relations between the USSR and Western countries, diplomats in their analytical reports affected the prospects for the development of the former colonies, as well as tried to forecast the actions of the probable enemy and the closest allies, comprehended the existing contradictions on this issue and tried to give some assessment, propose solutions to these problems. Considering the influence of the telegrams analyzed in the framework of this study on the formation of the Cold War, conclusions are drawn about the impact of assessments expressed by diplomats on the development of relations with the countries of the third world. The analysis of J. Kennan, N. Novikov and F. Roberts notes shows the difference in the approaches and understanding of each country, both its opponents and its allies, a different view of the process of decolonization and its prospects. The paper is based on the sources on the diplomatic history of the Cold War and on some references on the topic.
The use of authentic materials in foreign language teaching on A1 level
Authors: Gridneva Natalia Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

The following paper deals with the actual problem of authentic materials usage in foreign languages teaching on A1 level. The usage of authentic materials is regarded as one of the basic requirements of communicative approach meaning the highest possible likening of educative process to that of a real communication, and also as a precondition for sociocultural competence (an important part of communicative competence) development. As the main difficulty connected with authentic material usage (especially on A1 level) the problem of their deficient understanding by learners is regarded. The author gives a critical inquiry of widespread manner for easier authentic materials understanding through their preparatory methodic adaptation and makes arguments for uncontrolled materials usage (already on A1 level). While the main specialists handling this problem pay attention to possibilities of authentic materials usage on intermediate and advanced levels, the author analyzes their applying on A1 level. The author gives reasons for the importance and necessity of authentic materials usage with the beginners and formulates some concrete criteria for authentic materials selection on A1 level (based on Common European Framework of Reference: Learning, Teaching, Assessment and Russian Public Standard for Russian as a Foreign Language (Elementary Level A1)).
The creation of adaptive system of continuous training and retraining of personnel for regional labor market
Authors: Gusev Vladimir Anatolievich , Nisman Olga Yurievna
Published: December 2020

In the article the experience of the Volga Region State College (Samara, Russia) on the creation of adaptive system of training and retraining of personnel for the regional economy is presented. The relevance of innovative work is dictated by the necessity to solve the personnel and qualification requests of industrial enterprises in the region. The content of the work is connected with the solution of tasks on adaptation of the system of college management oriented on the study of requests of the regional labour market and their satisfaction through the implementation of basic and additional training programmes. The activity described in the article aims at the development of the system of network cooperation between the educational organisation, regional methodological center and industrial enterprises. The text of the article describes the work on improvement of the quality of managerial and pedagogical personnel for the solution of the task, the development of additional programmes of training and retraining of current staff of educational institutions as well as of industrial enterprises. The described system is considered not as an alternative to the traditional, but as an addition that can optimize the learning process by providing different categories of citizens with educational services which best satisfy their needs. The authors of the article present the intermediate results of work on the creation of organizational-methodical provision of continuing professional education which are connected with: the improvement of professional competencies of pedagogical and administrative staff; the increase of scopes of the cooperative activities of the college and the manufacturing company in the training and retraining of existing staff of the enterprise; the practice development of basic and additional programs based on the results of studies of qualification needs of enterprises; the increase of employers satisfaction with the quality of preparation of graduates according to the results of the external evaluation of qualifications; the increase of productivity of participation of college students in the national championship, Young professionals.
The influence of the bakery on the quality of the environment
Authors: Islamova Aysilu Ayratovna , Yambatirova Irina Vyacheslavovna
Published: December 2020

Plants are extremely sensitive to the environment, because they assimilate substances simultaneously from two environments: from soil and air. In connection with the fact that plants lead an attached way of life, the state of their organism reflects the state of a particular local habitat. Since vegetation is directly affected by unfavorable factors, it allows the researcher to evaluate the entire complex of negative impacts exerted by the enterprise on whose territory they grow. This paper is devoted to the analysis of fluctuating asymmetry of sheet plates as an indicator of the quality of the environment. The coefficient of fluctuating asymmetry is often used to estimate the level of contamination of a particular area, taking into account the species-specific reaction of plants to unfavorable factors. A conclusion about the stability of the development of vegetation growing on the territory under investigation is made on the basis of the obtained value of the coefficient of fluctuating asymmetry. An important indicator of the state of the air environment is the condition of coniferous trees, in addition to the asymmetry of the leaves of tree plantations: the degree of defoliation of the crowns, the yellowing of the needles, the number of cones and the growth of shoots. The assessment of the life condition of coniferous trees was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the data relating to all of the above parameters established for the trees.
Duration of colonial bird species egg incubation
Authors: Lamekhov Yuri Gennadievich
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with one of the aspects of bird early ontogenesis biology - egg incubation duration, which was defined as the time interval between egg laying and hatching from it. The oomorphological parameters are determined taking into account the ordinal number of the laid eggs. Parameters of early ontogeny of birds are studied on the example of colonially nesting species: blackberry toadstool ( Podiceps nigricollis C.L. Brehm.) and lake gull ( Larus ridibundus L.). Within the colonial settlement of these species, the biological center and the periphery of the colony were isolated. When studying the parameters of early ontogeny of birds and oomorphological characteristics, the same number of eggs was taken into account. During field and laboratory studies it was found that the incubation of eggs lasts longer in eggs from the nests of the biological center of the colony. The first eggs are incubated longer. These features clearly manifested in the early ontogeny of the gull. The increase in the egg incubation duration occurs against the background of an increase in their mass and a decrease in the concentration of lysozyme in the protein shell of the egg. Egg incubation duration is one of the results of embryonalization as a way of evolution of ontogeny. The manifestation of the results of embryogenesis was revealed for the first eggs in the nests of the biological center of the colony. Embryonalization leads to an increase in egg incubation duration as well as to a decrease in the intensity of elimination in early ontogenesis, which affects the number of individuals breeding in the colony and, accordingly, the structure of the colonial settlement of birds.
Salinity gradient meiobenthos distribution on the Razdolnaya River’s estuary
Authors: Milovankina Alexandra Alexandrovna , Fadeeva Natalia Petrovna , Chertoprud Elena Sergeevna
Published: December 2020

The paper studies salinity gradient meiobenthos distribution based on the results of the benthic surveys of the Razdolnaya estuary (the Sea of Japan, Amursky Bay). The density was increased with salinity growth on the Razdolnaya Rivers estuary. Meiobenthos was comprised by 8 taxonomic groups (Nematoda, Copepoda, Ostracoda, Oligochaeta, Mollusca, Amphipoda, Polychaeta и Chironomidae) with the dominance of nematodes. Most of meiobenthic species are presented by marine euryhaline species and registered throughout the Razdolnaya Rivers estuary. Fresh water species Dorylaimus chassanicus, Hofmaenneria gratiosa, Theristus brevisetosus and nematodes of the genera Paradontophora , widespread on estuaries of Far East of Russia, were dominated in meiobenthos in oligohaline zone of estuary; Monhystrella sp. Oncholaimium japonicum, Anoplostoma cuticularia, Daptonema inversum and Harpacticoid Copepods Remanea naksanensis, Onychocamptus mohammed, Huntemannia biarticulatus, Halectinosoma sp. were dominated in mesohaline zone. Nematode community are changed by zones throughout the estuary: Paradontophora genera are dominated in freshwater and olihaline zones, as well as freshwater species ( Dorylaimus chassanicus, Hofmaenneria gratiosa, Theristus brevisetosus ) were presented; Monhystrella sp. are dominated and freshwater spicies are decreased in the number at the mesohaline zone; Paracanthonchus macrodon, Onсholaimium paraolium, Sabatieria finitima, Dorylaimopsis peculiaris and S. palmaris are dominated at the euhaline zone. The nematocenes of inner part of estuarine zone arent characterized by specific species assemblage and consist of species typical for nematode community of shallow water and of marine zones.
Integrated assessment of introduction prospects of Deutzia Thunb. genus representatives in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute (Ufa)
Authors: Murzabulatova Fanuza Kavievna , Shigapov Zinnur Khaidarovich
Published: December 2020

The paper contains results of introduced study of species, hybrids and sorts of Deutzia Thunb. genus in the South-Ural botanical garden-institute (Ufa). The collection of Deutzia is one of the largest among ornamental shrubs in the botanical garden. The objects of researches were 12 species, 10 hybrids and sorts of Deutzia . Introduced researches of all taxons were conducted within 10 years (2007-2017). Throughout the entire period of observations the following indicators were annually estimated: lignification of escapes, winter hardiness, preservation of a form of growth, sprout-formation ability, a gain in height, generative development, possible ways of reproduction in the culture. The analysis of the obtained data shows that specific taxons are belong to three groups: quite perspective, perspective and less perspective. The greatest possible indicators characterize 3 species - D. amurensis , D. glabrata, D. parviflora . All of them can be recommended for broad application in gardening of settlements of the Bashkortostan Republic. Perspective and less perspective groups contained 4 species each. Hybrids and sorts in the collection belong to three groups: perspective (II), less perspective (III) completely unusable (VI); in the latter group contains one hybrid.
Adaptive mechanisms of xerophytic cereals seeds germination in Eastern Transbaikalia
Authors: Plyaskina Irina Nikitichna , Bondarevich Evgeniy Alexandrovich , Kotsyurzhinskaya Natalia Nikolaevna , Boriskin Igor Anatolyevich
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the study of adaptation mechanisms of Eastern Transbaikalia wild cereals to environmental conditions at the initial ontogenesis stages. The authors have determined the germination of three species xerophytic cereals seeds ( Agropyron cristatum (L.) Beauv, Stipa krylovii Roshev, Tripogon chinensis (Franch.) Hack.). The authors have noted differences in rates of seed germination of these cereals depending on the relation to moisture deficiency. More mesophilic species ( A. cristatum ) had the highest rates of germination. A large contribution to the process of germination is made by storage nutrients, proteins in particular. The total amount of protein is related to the rate of germination. Seeds with more protein sprout faster, which may be due to the appearance of osmotically active substances as a result of hydrolysis, which makes it possible to effectively use soil moisture. Seeds of one type of cereal collected in different populations may differ in the content of storage proteins. The ratio of different fractions of storage proteins can characterize the origin of the species. A higher content of glutelin fraction was found in the seeds of S. krylovii . There is also a more effective use of glutelins in the seeds of A. cristatum , which can also provide intensive germination. In general, the studied species have a difference in the rates of mobilization of various fractions of storage proteins.
Development of professional competencies of students, majoring in «Pedagogical education» («Primary education» and «Foreign Language»)
Authors: Kochetova Natalya Gennadievna , Stroykov Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

The following paper considers development of professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language). The authors analyze legal regulations to teacher training and correlate demands to the teacher that are enumerated in federal state educational standard of general secondary education, in federal state educational standard of higher education and in the professional standard Teacher. The paper also contains Primary Education Department experience of professional competencies development. Based on the example of Professional Competence 4 development the authors introduce its components characteristics as well as diagnostic methods of this professional competence development. The authors note that it is necessary to develop special professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language). Based on the example of Special Professional Competence (Foreign Language) 2 the authors introduce its components characteristics. The paper also contains problems that Primary Education Department and Foreign Languages Department face while developing professional competencies of students, majoring in Pedagogical education (Primary education and Foreign Language).
Quest and case as elements of interactive technologies in modern biological education
Authors: Sharypova Nadezhda Vladimirovna , Pavlova Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

This paper considers interactive technologies of teaching Biology using quests and cases. The structure and components of the training quest are studied. The classification of quest types is given and the peculiarities of the method of linear, assault and ring quests are described on specific biological examples. The use of educational quests requires a lot of time, space and a bank of different non-standard tasks. Familiarizing students with a solution of real situations is possible with a case. The case study is a carefully selected theoretical material that should be as informative as possible, contain contradictory data, include different points of view, and consider topical problems of biology and ecology. Some types of cases are designed to teach students to analyze biological information, give it a certain assessment, expressing their attitude to it. Such work becomes creative and opens opportunities to exchange different points of view and find for truth. The authors note that the main purpose of these technologies is to actively develop the childs cognitive sphere, as well as his or her motivational basis, personal qualities (communication skills, mobility, search for solutions, generate ideas and test them, etc.). The educational and educational potential of the quest is highlighted. The paper describes the experience of quests and case use in the educational process of Biology and Geography with the Methods of Teaching Department of Shadrinsk State Pedagogical University.
Assessment of seismic vibratory impact on experimental lakes ecosystems
Authors: Zhirkov Innokenti Innokentyevich , Tyaptirgyanov Matvei Matveevich , Trofimova Tamara Petrovna , Sobakina Irina Grigoryevna , Zhirkov Konstantin Innokentyevich
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with the assessment of seismic vibratory impact on experimental lakes ecosystems. Changes of chemical and zooplanktonic composition of experimental lakes before vibration works were studied. Crucian carps were used for the assessment of vibratory impact. Hydrochemical researches included definition of organoleptic indicators, dissolved gases, biogenous elements, organic substance and the main ions, polluting substances and metals. The chemical analysis is carried out by standard hydrochemistry techniques. 18 samples on quantitative and qualitative structure of a zooplankton were collected and processed. Zooplankton organisms definition was carried out by means of widely used determinants. For icthyological researches fish caught in Nidzhili Lake was used. The bioanalysis was carried out by standard ichthyology techniques. The conducted pilot studies have shown that such quantitative and qualitative water condition changes and such vibratory impact on zooplanktonic organisms and crucians condition which we consider reaching catastrophic influences. If to take into account intensity and efficiency of fish, zooplanktonic and bentosny organisms restoration in the studied lakes, it is possible to consider that there are no cardinal changes in hydrobionts and fish fauna as a result of vibratory impact. It is also possible to assume that the essential part of such changes remains out of attention and opportunities of modern monitoring.
Ornithological complexes’ structure of technogenically disturbed territories of the left-bank part of the South Minusinsk Basin
Authors: Zlotnikova Tamara Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

This paper deals with the species and ecological structure of ornithological complexes on the territories of quarry excavations. The research was carried out in the left-bank part of the South Minusinsk basin. 6 quarries were researched all the year round, 4 quarries were researched incidentally. The quarries were of various purposes (extraction of sand, clay, rubble, storage of domestic garbage), age (from 1 to 15 years) and size (from 1 to 20 hectares). 39 species of birds have been identified, which is more than 15% of the avifauna of the basin. The largest numbers of species (from 4 to 6 each) are the Fringillidae, Corvidae, Sylviidae, Muscicapidae families. The nature of the species stay on the territory has been established. Nesting species have been recorded to be 19, visitors 20. Only in summer there are 25 species, only in winter there are 7 species, 7 species more are marked on sites both in summer and winter. Dendrophilic and petrophilic species are mainly nested. The nesting of Passer montanus (L.) and Oenanthe oenanthe (L.) was marked on all sites, the nesting of Riparia riparia (L.) was marked on the majority sites. Most species are synanthropic. The species richness of birds is shown to be determined, first of all, by the habitat structure: the presence of vertical soil breaks, stone structures, trees, shrubs, grass cover, reservoirs. The presence of food waste and the nature of the surrounding biotopes are also of particular importance.