bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wychowanie do mądrości – dydaktyczna perswazja w Jk 3,13-18
Authors: Muszytowska Dorota
Published: July 2022

The Letter of James is a didactic piece of writing. Its genre of parenetic letter or protreptic discourse and abundant usage of diatribe indicate that the author wants to show his readers the proper attitude to Christian life. James’ appeal is based on double-track argumentation: what is good and profitable vs. what is bad and unprofitable. Into this reasoning is inserted the argumentation of Jas 3,13-18, focused on appealing to Christian fellows to live their lives wisely. James distinguishes between worldly wisdom and God’s wisdom, and urges Christians to live according to the latter because it bears good fruits in the life of the community, such as justice, peace, concord, truth, gentleness. On the other hand, earthly wisdom, which he calls demonic, results in opposing negative values that can be noticed in social life. These are attitudes like quarrel, discord, envy, boastfulness, negation of truth. The conclusion that has to be deduced by the reader is evident – only the life guided by God’s wisdom is worth living.
Katecheza kościoła w polsce wobec wyzwań nowej ewangelizacji
Authors: Tomasik Piotr
Published: July 2022

The author shows both how to accept the reply proposed by the new evangelization which challenges the present and how to carry it out as part of various catechetical activities of the Church in Poland. First, through the analysis of fundamental papal documents, he determines the character of the new evangelization. Then, he presents a reply of the new evangelization to contemporary problems with reference to Lineamenta prepared for the Synod of Bishops in 2012. He also explains how the catechesis can merge with the new evangelization, and analyses the tasks of catechesis, as described in the General Directory for Catechesis and adapted to Polish conditions.
Miłość Boga w pismach św. Tomasza z Akwinu
Authors: Moskal Piotr
Published: July 2022

In the present article the author argues that, according to Thomas Aquinas, there is love in God, because the act of will by its nature involves love. God naturally loves all existing things since he calls them into being. Consequently, the term “love” means the essence of God, the breath of love, and the person of the Holy Spirit. God loves the created things through the Holy Spirit. Then, through the Incarnation and the work of Jesus Christ God shows us how deeply He loved us. Finally, the notion God’s love is strictly connected with the idea that God is just and merciful.
Miłość Boga w ujęciu J. Razingera/Benedykta XVI
Authors: Barth Grzegorz
Published: July 2022

The article presents the subject of God’s love in J. Ratzinger/Benedict XVI’s interpretation. The theme of God’s love, according to Ratzinger, is not to be reduced to one of the many theological issues to be discussed. Pope puts the love of God at the center of the Christian life as a principle and interpretative key. It is no coincidence that the first encyclical Deus caritas est, inaugurating his pontificate, begins with the words which are the profession of faith in the name of God who is Love. This agapetological feature of the Papal reflection sets the frame of his theology and points at the sphere where it reaches its essence and consummation. The subject of God’s love is discussed in two parts of the article: the first one consists of the analysis of the three terms: eros, agape and caritas, which are the three aspects of love. The philosophical and biblical analysis of these expressions made by Benedict XVI allows him to extract the essence of divine love. In the second part of the present article, the three moments reflecting the whole dynamics of love in the teaching of the Pope will be discussed: the source of love in the Triune God (1), the concretization and the fullest revelation of love in the person and work of Jesus Christ (2), and the relationship between the love of God and the love of man (3). The latter ultimately becomes a human response based on the primacy of God’s love, and turns into a divine-human love.
Spojrzenie w przyszłość. Ks. Józefa Tischnera myślenie o pracy
Authors: Jagiełło Jarosław
Published: July 2022

This study does not present a complete picture of the philosophy of human work in the socio-philosophical thought by Józef Tischner. Instead, our focus is primarily on the diagnosis, which Tischner put in one of his recent and less known studies on the condition of human work in the era of the free market and the economic hegemony of the bill of rights. Exposing various threats and crises of contemporary work, Tischner criticizes the lopsided, that is, objective understanding of work. In this lopsidedness, he discovers a major threat to the future of work. Therefore Tischner also draws attention to the need to take into account the subjective or personal nature of work, which he understood as a conversation between people. It is this essential dimension of human work that was the subject of the long studies by Tischner. The present article focuses on these studies in which Tischner – giving a phenomenological description of work in its religious, anthropological and ethical aspect – indicates the need for the formation of the human ethical substance of consciousness work. An important stage of this formation is to present the human work as a space to build the community of responsibility, loyalty and mutual trust. In work regarded in this sense, Tischner sees a guarantee of moral governance of modern societies.
Popaschalne świadectwo Parakleta o sądzie Boga nad „światem” w ujęciu J 16,8-11
Authors: Kot Piotr
Published: July 2022

Holy Spirit plays an important role in the theology of the fourth Evangelist. During the Last Super, and therefore right before his death, Jesus from Nazareth not only foretold the coming of the Holy Spirit, but also designated the nature of his mission. The Paraclete, as Jesus calls him, will “testify about” Jesus (John 15:26) and “will demonstrate to the world what sin, righteousness and judgment are about” (John 16:8). Many scholars, while interpreting these words, point to the juridical function of the Paraclete. Accordingly, the Paraclete would pass right judgment on the world in view of the sin of unbelief. However, a detailed exegetical analysis, taking into account the various narrative techniques employed by the author of the fourth Gospel, among them the technique of misunderstanding, allows for a different interpretation of Jesus’ words. Accusations against Jesus are very frequent in the fourth Gospel. The “world” calls him a “sinner” (8:46) and “one who blasphemes” (10:36). In the context of such charges, the passing of judgment on Jesus, as well as his crucifixion and death, were understood as a revelation of God’s justice in regard to Jesus. The Paraclete’s mission will consist in revealing to the “world” and to the disciples the meaning of these events in a reversed perspective. John  describes his task by the use of the technique of irony. The Paraclete will reveal as true that Jesus indeed accepted death as a “sinner”, but in the sense of expiatory sacrifice antitype. For that reason, the justice of God has been realized not “in regard” to Jesus, but “in Jesus.” As a result, the “world’s” judgment on Jesus has, in fact, initiated God’s judgment on the “world” and its ruler. The Paraclete is to give a testimony about the victory of life over death in Jesus Christ, and thus to lead the “world” to faith, and the disciples to the fullness of faith.
VIII przykazanie Dekalogu na tle koncepcji świadectwa i świadka w tekstach legislacyjnych Starego Testamentu
Authors: Stefański Jacek
Published: July 2022

The Eighth Commandment forbids bearing false witness, which falls under the general category of lying. Why, then, doesn’t the Decalogue forbid lying in general? A thorough analysis of the Eighth Commandment sheds light on the problem: deceitful speech is primarily an act against God who has revealed Himself as the God of truth, always faithful to His word. This way lying becomes similar not only to the Second Commandment regarding taking the Lord’s name in vain, but even to the profanation of the Sabbath. After all, keeping the Lord’s Day holy is a testimony to the Creator’s authority over creation. Since man was created in the image and likeness of God who is the source of all truth, any use of deceitful speech distorts the image of God which one bears in himself. Such distortion always constitutes a false testimony (bearing false witness) to the perfection and truthfulness that characterize all of God’s actions, including His work of creation. Moreover, when a member of the Covenant community bears false witness against his neighbor, his deceitful speech is all the more deplorable, because he both distorts the image of the Creator in himself and also shatters the sacred trust which flows from the bond upon which the people of God rely in their daily dealings with one another. The harsh consequences and penalties imposed against those who bear false witness stand as a testimony to the seriousness of destroying the sacred covenantal trust between God and man when lying takes place. In a way, every truth is a reflection of the Lord who is the Divine Truth. With St. Thomas Aquinas one can say that every truth-telling shows reverence for our Lord Jesus Christ who is the Way, the Truth and the Life.
Rola świadectwa w nowej ewangelizacji na przykładzie nowych ruchów eklezjalnych
Authors: Płusa Sławomir
Published: July 2022

The issue of testimony in evangelization is today quite widely addressed, both in pastoral literature and in the formation of new movements within the Church. The teaching of the Church also raises this issue as the center of evangelization engagement. In this paper, we engage the problem of the role of testimony from the point of view of the evangelization movements, and its importance for the new evangelization. Our analysis of this topic first addresses the problem of the aim set by the new religious movements, and which is: the transformation of human life under the influence of an encounter with Christ and one’s witness to it. The testimony, which is intended to attract a man to Christ, is born of a certain Christian experience and is the result of a personal relationship with God. This origin of the testimony dictates the motivation of the witness. This motivation is included in the testimony of life, which is a tool for both pre-evangelization and evangelization. Testimony of one’s word has its center of gravity in the proclamation of the kerygma and the Gospel of grace. Fruitful testimony strengthens the identity of disciple-missionary and co-creates pastoral conversion of ecclesial communities. This is also an expression of the call of the new evangelization to the baptized who have lost a personal relationship with Christ and the Church.
The Pentecostal Movement, its Challenges and Potential
Authors: Rosik Mariusz
Published: July 2022

Review: Nigel Paul Willis, The Pentecostal Movement, its Challenges and Potential (Internationale Theologie / International Theology 17; Frankfurt am Main et al.: Peter Lang 2013)
Sprawiedliwość gotowa na miłosierdzie (Rdz 18,16-33)?
Authors: Lemański Janusz
Published: July 2022

Contemporary biblical studies find it difficult to determine the date of Gen 18,16-33. Although most of the scholars agree that the final editor of the text must have been under a strong influence of the deuteronomistic as well as sapiential language and ideas. The aim of this article is to point out a new concept of God's justice developed in the story of Abraham's discourse with God. Using the metbod of egzegetical analysis tbe author shows how the theological understanding of justice in this text developes towards the idea of charity where a small group of rightenous men (10 in number) is anabled to save a majority of siners. This new theological meaning of God's justice may be comprised somewhere between Ez 14,12-23 and Jr 5,1; Ez 22,30, finaily finds its summit in Is 53.
Miłosierdzie Boga w nurcie tradycji deuteronomistycznej
Authors: Wypych Stanisław
Published: July 2022

Nell'introduzione alla sua opera (Deut 1- 4) il deuteronmista aveva fatto vedere come il Dio avesse condotto il popolo eletto dal monte Horeb ai confini della terra promessa. Jahve indico anche chiaramente le condizioni dell'abitazione sulla terra: la fedelta agli impegni presi nel momento della stipolazione dell'alleanza. Il deuteronomista dimostra che nel Libro di Giosue il Dio aveva realizzato la promessa della terra data ai Patriarchi. Nel Librodei Giudici (2,6-3,6) fa vedere il ritmo della storia: prosperita, infedelta, punizione che conduce alla conversione e perdono. Nei Libridei Re il deuteronomista fa vedere l'infedelta dei re ed anche del popolo. Percio arriva la punizione, cioe la deportazione alla Babilonia. Il deuteronomista vuol spiegare perche il popolo eletto si e trovato nelle condizioni simili e che cosa deve fare per riuscire da questa situazione. Allora invita alla conversione e sottolinea sporattutto la misericordia di Dio, indicata gia nel programma (Deut 4,30s), ricordata nel momento della consacrazione del tempio (1 Re 8,47-50) e sottolineata in modo straordinario nel Libro d'Esodo (34,6), nel brano da noi considerato del deuteronomista, in cui leggiamo: Jahve, Dio pietoso e misericordioso, tardo all'ira e grande in benignita e fedelta.
Światło – symbol zjawiającego się Boga
Authors: Mielcarek Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Recenzja: Maciej Szczepaniak, Symbolika światła w apokalipsach Starego Testamentu i w Apokalipsie św. Jana, Poznań 2002.
Retoryka Semicka
Authors: Pikor Wojciech
Published: July 2022

Recenzja:Roland Meynet, Wprowadzenie do hebrajskiej retoryki biblijnej, Myśl teologiczna 30, tłum. K. Lukowicz, T. Kot SJ, Kraków, Wydawnictwo WAM 2001, ss. 223
Dokument Papieskiej Komisji Biblijnej "Interpretacja Biblii w Kościele" - bilans i perspektywy
Authors: Girard Marc
Published: July 2022

l. Gdy chodzi o metodologię, w całokształcie badań egzegetycznychnie ma synchronii bez diachronii i na odwrót.2. Gdy chodzi o lekturę, nigdy nie wyjaśni się sensuwyrazowego pisma zaniedbując nadwyżkę znaczeniową.3. Gdy chodzi o miejsce, nigdy nie będzie uniwersyteckichbadań akademickich bez przyjęcia, poznania i duchowegopogłębienia we wspólnocie wierzących, tzn. w KościelePowszechnym, symbolu w całym tego słowa znaczeniu KrólestwaBożego, które jest blisko (Mk 1,15), co więcej ... jestpośród nas (Lk 17,21 ).
Kapłaństwo Jezusa Chrystusa - czym jest?
Authors: Witczyk Henryk
Published: July 2022

Wprowadzenie
Kapłaństwo w świetle Księgi Kapłańskiej
Authors: Strzałkowska Barbara
Published: July 2022

Księga Kapłańska jest jednym z najważniejszych źródeł wiedzy o kulcie i kapłaństwie w biblijnym Izraelu. Mimo że zawiera najwięcej wystąpień hebrajskiego terminu „kapłan”, to tekstów, które traktowałyby o samym kapłaństwie, jest w niej stosunkowo niewiele. W artykule zostały poddane analizie następujące fragmenty: Kpł 8-9 przedstawia opis początków kapłaństwa i kultu w Izraelu; Kpł 6,1-7,2; 10,8-15; 16 przynoszą szczegółowe rozporządzenia dotyczące kapłanów; Kpł 21-22 stanowi tę część Kodeksu Świętości, który omawia miejsce i rolę kapłanów we wspólnocie Narodu Wybranego.
Lewici i kapłani w Księdze Powtórzonego Prawa
Authors: Dziadosz Dariusz
Published: July 2022

Autor podejmuje się rekonstrukcji historii lewitów na bazie Księgi Powtórzonego Prawa. Analizę orientują dwa pytania: po pierwsze, dlaczego to właśnie Lewici otrzymali w Izraelu wyłączne prawo do sprawowania kapłańskich obowiązków; po drugie, w jakiej relacji pozostawali oni do kapłanów świątyni, szczególnie do tych legitymujących się pochodzeniem od Aarona? Wśród wniosków należy wskazać m.in., iż być może już w czasie wędrówki przez pustynię, a na pewno w okresie zajmowania terenów Kanaanu, lewici pełnili jakieś ściśle określone obowiązki kultyczne. Pomimo że tradycje biblijne (np. Wj 32–33; Lb 16–18; 1Sm 1–4; Ez 44) dość mocno konfrontują ze sobą najważniejsze linie kapłańskie w Izraelu, raz stając po stronie Aaronitów, innym zaś po stronie Sadokitów czy lewitów, to jednak tym ostatnim teksty biblijne zawsze i niezmiennie przyznają poczesne miejsce w hierarchii personelu świątynnego, gwarantując im zarówno prawo do sprawowania funkcji kapłańskich i dochody związane z wypełniania praktyk kultycznych, jak też oddając w ich ręce funkcjonowanie najważniejszych miejsc kultu w Izraelu. Wreszcie wydaje się, że dość skomplikowany i nie do końca jednobrzmiący stosunek lewitów do kapłanów wywodzących się od Aarona jest nie tylko owocem długiego procesu edycji biblijnych tradycji Pięcioksięgu, które w zależności od teologicznego środowiska i epoki, w których powstały, w różny sposób ujmowały tę kwestię, lecz także rezultatem rzeczywistych kolei losu rywalizujących ze sobą instytucji.
Kapłańsko-ofiarniczy charakter egzystencji wierzącego w ewangelię
Authors: Pindel Roman
Published: July 2022

Artykuł bada przesłanie wersetów Rz 12,1-2 w ich kontekście literacko-retorycznym, przyjmując dispositio, jaką wypracował J.-N. Aletti, a według której jest to kolejna propositio perswazji obejmującej cały List do Rzymian. Chrześcijanin, który uwierzył ewangelii, jest wezwany do tego, by był gotowy do składania w ofierze całej swojej cielesnej egzystencji, w taki jednak sposób, by ona podobała się Bogu. Drogą nieodzowną do takiej postawy jest nonkonformizm wobec tego świata oraz uległość wobec przemieniającego działania Ducha Świętego, a co umożliwia właściwą ocenę podejmowanego postępowania.
Godność kapłańska w świetle Ap 1,6
Authors: Kotecki Dariusz
Published: July 2022

Autor podejmuje kwestię kapłaństwa w Apokalipsie św. Jana, w której trzykrotnie mówi się o kapłaństwie chrześcijańskim (1,6; 5,9; 20,6). Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest analiza tekstu Ap 1,6, w którym zgromadzona wspólnota wyraża swoją godność kapłańską, przeżywaną na sposób kapłaństwa Jezusa Chrystusa. Chrześcijanie wspólnoty liturgicznej muszą odpowiedzieć, w jaki sposób realizuje się ich kapłaństwo. Czynią to poprzez refleksję nad orędziem Apokalipsy w świetle Starego Testamentu. W kontekście Wj 19,4-6 odkrywają, iż znajdują się w miejscu, w którym konkretyzuje się panowanie Boga objawione historycznie w misterium paschalnym Jezusa. Rozpoznając panowanie Boga, wspólnota mu się poddaje poprzez realizację swego kapłaństwa. Ta służba kapłańska urzeczywistnia się w miłości, kulcie chrześcijańskim i w pójściu za Chrystusem, które kulminuje w męczeństwie. Poprzez męczeństwo chrześcijanie dają świadectwo panowaniu Boga w świecie.
Kapłaństwo ministerialne w biblijnej symbolice teriomorficznej starożytności i średniowiecza
Authors: Bardski Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Symboliczne znaczenie pewnych zwierząt jest związane w historii idei z różnymi cechami ludzkimi. Autor analizuje starożytne i średniowieczne komentarze do Pisma Świętego w poszukiwaniu teriomorficznych symboli ilustrujących specyficzne cechy kapłaństwa służebnego. Tymi zwierzętami są: koń, pies, baran, wół, krowa, lew, jeleń, łania, koziorożec, szarańcza, kogut.
Tożsamość kapłańska według „Listu do moich kapłanów” kard. Stefana Wyszyńskiego
Authors: Miczyński Jan Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Autor analizuje „Listy do moich kapłanów” kard. S. Wyszyńskiego. Tożsamość kapłańska płynie bezpośrednio z kapłaństwa Jezusa Chrystusa. W swoim ziemskim życiu trwał On nieustannie w synowskim zjednoczeniu ze swoim Ojcem, w wewnętrznym związku z Trójcą Świętą. Jako Wcielone Słowo był Jedynym Pośrednikiem między Bogiem i ludźmi. Związany z Bogiem, cały czas był skierowany ku ludowi Bożemu. Jego osoba, Jego życie, stanowią doskonały wzór posługi pasterskiej, apostolskiej, a także ofiary kapłańskiej. Dlatego każde serce kapłańskie, zjednoczone w wyjątkowy sposób sakramentalnym węzłem święceń z kapłańskim Sercem Chrystusa, odnajduje swoją tożsamość w miłości względem Boga, względem Matki Kościoła, a także we wszystkich wymiarach miłości pasterskiej, aż do oddania życia za innych i przebaczenia nieprzyjaciołom.
Kapłani – słudzy communio
Authors: Lala Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Jan Paweł II w Liście apostolskim Novo millennio ineunte wyraża pragnienie krzewienia duchowości komunii, „jako zasady wychowawczej wszędzie tam, gdzie kształtuje się człowiek i chrześcijanin, gdzie formują się szafarze ołtarza, duszpasterze” (NMI 43). Do kapłanów należy troska o pogłębianie ducha communio wśród ludzi. Żeby jednak mogli dać innym świadectwo jedności, muszą wpierw sami żyć w jedności pomiędzy sobą. Niniejsze studium uwypukla niektóre aspekty życia „według Ducha” (Rz 8,4. 9), które uzdalnia kapłanów do realizacji tego wezwania. Konieczna jest więc najpierw ich osobista troska o jedność z Osobami Trójcy Świętej, by realizować pomiędzy sobą życie w komunii na wzór samego Boga. Wspólnota życia domaga się od nich w pierwszym rzędzie, aby mieli „gorącą miłość jedni ku drugim” (1 P 4,8). Do życia w jedności konieczne jest kierowanie się radami ewangelicznymi, ponieważ wymagają one złożenia Bogu całkowitego daru z siebie. Wzór ogołocenia własnego „ja” znajdują w Chrystusie ukrzyżowanym, w momencie Jego opuszczenia (por. Mk 15, 34). Przykładem życia w komunii jest dla nich osoba Maryi.
Wspólnototwórcze napomnienie, przebaczenie i nawrócenie. Teologia narratywna Mt 18,15-35
Authors: Żywica Zdzisław
Published: July 2022

Kościół chcąc pozostać w prawdziwie zbawczej wspólnocie ze swym Emmanuelem i Panem, jak i wierzącymi, jest zobowiązany do stałego i efektywnego stawiania czoła ewangelicznemu zmaganiu z własnym złem, grzechem i przewrotnością. Ta prawda jest wyrażona w Mt 18,15-35. Kościół musi tak dzialać, gdyż w ten sposób jest w stanie przeciwstawić się czynom członków Kościoła, które niszczą wertykalne i horyzontalne więzy stanowiące o jednorodności, tożsamości i skuteczności nie tylko w świecie wierzących, ale również we wzajemnych relacjach. Każda osoba w Kościele winna być na tyle odważna, by podjąć wysiłek upomnienia grzesznika. Jednak grzesznik jest zobowiązany wyrazić swoją pokorę wobec Kościoła, głęboki żal i pragnienie nawrócenia. Co więcej, musi zaakceptować nawrócenie jako proces reewangelizacji. Obowiązkiem Kościoła nie jest tylko ewangelizacji świata nieświadomego obecności Jezusa, ale również permanentnej reewangelizacji swoich grzesznych braci i sióstr. Obowiązek przebaczenia spoczywa również na samym grzeszniku, który wcześniej doświadczył braterskiego przebaczenia i Bożego miłosierdzia, a mimo to nie jest gotowy prawdziwie przebaczyć swoim braciom.
Kobieta - jaka jej rola w dziejach zbawienia
Authors: Witczyk Henryk
Published: July 2022

Wprowadzenie Redaktora Naczelnego
„Matka Jezusa” – jej tożsamość i rola w historii zbawienia (J 19,25-27)
Authors: Witczyk Henryk
Published: July 2022

Autor artykułu, w świetle J 19,25-27 analizuje rolę Maryi określonej przez Ewangelistę charakterystycznym tytułem „Matka Jezusa”. Szczególną uwagę zwraca się na relację, którą Jezus tworzy pomiędzy Maryją i “umiłowanym uczniem”. W scenie na krzyżu Pan przemawia do nich słowami: „Niewiasto, oto syn twój” (w.26) i „Oto Matka twoja” (w.27). Maryja jako jednostka (Matka Jezusa) i jako reprezentantka wspólnoty wiary (czy to Izraela czy Kościoła) objawia w sposób idealny wielkość kobiety. Jej miłość daje życie. Jej wiara inspiruje lud Boży do okazania bezwarunkowego zawierzenia Jezusowi, Mesjaszowi Izraela i Kościoła.
Ojcowie w opowiadaniach o patriarchach w Rdz 12-50
Authors: Pawłowski Zdzisław
Published: July 2022

Księga Rodzaju prezentuje historię trzech ojców: Abrahama, Izaaka i Jakuba. Dla Abrahama bycie ojcem oznacza najpierw oczekiwanie prez długi czas syna, a następnie podążanie za obietnicą, którą Bóg mu złożył, szczególnie obietnicą syna. Kiedy narodzili się Ismael i Izaak, uczucia ojcowskie Abrahama zostały poddane próbie. Izmael miał zostać odesłany wraz z Hagar. Po tym Bóg każe mu złożyć w ofeirze jedynego syna, Izaaka. Kiedy Izaak stał się stary i nie mógł widzieć, został zaślepiony przez swoje pragnienie dziczyzny. Przygotował je Ezaw, który został jednak ubiegnięty przez Rebekę, która zyskała błogosławieństwo dla swego umiłowanego syna, Jakuba. Jakub był ojcem najbardziej doświadczonym przez życie. Jego miłość do Józefa i po jego rzekomej śmierci do najmłodszego syna, Beniamina, ostała się próbie.
Nauczyciel mądrości i wychowawca – mądrościowy wzorzec ojca
Authors: Popielewski Wojciech
Published: July 2022

Biblical wisdom literature of Israel draws attention first of all because it deals with the life of person involved in the nearest environment. The books of wisdom don’t speak of big historical traditions of God’s people but they try to form a man to help him to adapt himself to the order established by God. The family, with a figure of father, is the first step of maturing on the way of wisdom. The father has a double responsibility: he is a master of wisdom and a tutor for his own son. He transfers a treasure of his expe­rience to his son. He leads him, sometimes with severity, to the future of happiness. The poem of the book of Sirach (30, 1-13) is a good example of that. We see here the wis­dom of father who is at the end of his own life and who has the unique desire: to see the son as his follower. Even if he is requiring, he does it for the good of his child. Making so he ends his life as a responsible master of wisdom.
Modlitwa w Dziejach Apostolskich
Authors: Burda Witold
Published: July 2022

The present study aims at presenting the role of prayer in the life of the early Church the Acts of the Apostles. First, the practice of prayer in the early Church was discussed. In light of the analysis, prayer appears as a fixed practice among the fi rst Christians. The author of the Book of Acts underscores its basic characteristics, to wit faithfulness, perseverance, and unanimity. Second, the places of gathering for prayer were discussed. As many texts from Acts revealed, besides the Jerusalem temple, the private houses were the primary places of gatherings and prayer for early Christians. Third, different approaches and forms which characterized early Christian prayer were revealed. In the final threefold part of this study, the most salient features of prayer were discussed in detail: (1) the prayer of petition, connected in particular way with the gift of the Holy Spirit; (2) the prayer uttered at some crucial moments of the history of the early Church; Luke wanted to show how the first Christians faithfully followed the lead of Jesus, the master of prayer, in their search for God’s will revealed to them in prayer; and (3) the prayer of worship and thanksgiving.
Modlitwa w ujęciu bł. Jana Pawła II
Authors: Chmielewski Marek
Published: July 2022

Pope John Paul II devotes such a lot of attention to matter of prayer that is why this article is an outline of this problem. To understanding of prayer the Pope puts the accent on her personal-Christological dimension. It’s indispensable element of sanctification’s process and fundamental symptom of “general spirituality needs” (NMI 33). Christian prayer should draw from wealth of God’s Word. Although it is duty every Christian especially priests and persons of particularly consecration are obligated to pray. They should also be the teachers of prayer. Each one of the states of life in Church has his own specificity of prayer and the last part of article has talked it through. The Pope’s preferred and commended prayers are: the rosary, the Angel of the Lord and the Liturgy of the Hours.
Modlitwa apostolska św. Pawła
Authors: Szymik Stefan
Published: July 2022

The present paper presents the most important items of Paul’s apostolic prayer. The inquiry was concerned first with the biblical terms for Paul’s prayers (1) and its formal classification; the main forms are thanksgiving, blessing, and intercession (2). Than there follow some typical features of Paul’s apostolic prayers (3). The last step focuses on the theological aspects of Paul’s prayers, which have theocentric, christological and pneumatical issues (4). The concluding statement is that Paul’s prayer was not a part of his life; it was his whole life in Christ.
Challenges Experienced by ICU Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic-A Survey from Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR), India
Authors: Goel Amit , Juneja Deven , Jain Shikha , Kataria Sahil , Singh Omender
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has impacted nursing field profoundly in terms of direct care capabilities, practice issues, emotional and financial challenges. Aims & Objectives: We conducted this survey to understand challenges faced by nurses while working in COVID-ICU during COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This was a survey about the challenges faced by the nurses while working in COVID-ICU consequent to the second wave of COVID-19 in Delhi-national capital region (NCR), India. A Google forms-based questionnaire was prepared on the pertinent issues, having 3 demographic and 25 core survey questions. Results: 168 responses were gathered. Most of our participants (63.7%) were from private hospital, and 56% had worked in ICU previously. 88.1% of all the respondents had received brief orientation about the anticipated challenges in COVID-19-ICU. Personal protective equipment (PPEs) was easily available to the majority (88.7%), but only 45.8%, reported it to be good-quality. 85.7% of the respondents regularly interacted with the patients admitted to COVID-19-ICU. Carrying infection home (45.2%) was reported to be the greatest fear while working at such areas. Stress & anxiety are the major behaviour change noted. 97.6% have reported to have received vaccine against COVID-19. Conclusion: Poor quality of PPEs, lack of workplace, emotional and financial security continues to be the major challenges faced even after 2years & 2 waves of this pandemic. However, despite all the challenges faced, the zeal to work and fight with this dreaded infection was strong amongst all the participants. Most of them have expressed their readiness to work again in COVID-19 ICUs, if required.Nursing education, constructing,and implementing robust care policies, is need of the hour
Quality Approach Model Implementation in Public Hospitals - The National Institute of Oncology (Morocco) as a Case Study
Authors: El Haouachim Imane , Elomari Kaoutara , Bennani Maria , Bekkali Rachid
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The quality approach implementation in Moroccan public hospitals (MPH) is a major challenge for improving access, safety, quality, and performance in health care provision. Faced with the increasingly demanding expectations of the health system users and the universal health recommendations, the development of a national health system in accordance with international quality standards is becoming a challenge for the Moroccan health system, hence the importance of implementing a quality approach adapted to each hospital’s context. Design and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that occurred from January 01, 2018, to March 31, 2021, at the National Institute of oncology (NIO), 12 resource persons participated in the focus group; the documents used included the NIO establishment project, quality activity reports, and the service quality manual. They were chosen using the non-probability sampling method with the conventional technique for resource persons. Results: The results propose a new framework for the implementation of a sustainable and continuous quality approach in MPH. The latter was tested in the NIO and gave convincing results; such as the reduction in infection rates by (30% in 2018 to 04% in 2020), the reduction of the time taken to receive chemotherapy preparations from (between 1 and 2 hours in 2019) to (less than an hour in 2020) and the improvement in group dynamics and communication with users. Conclusion: In this article, we have highlighted the quality governance model, the conceptual framework, the inputs, and the expected results of such an approach. The generalization of this approach in MPH requires another large-scale validation study
Halting problem in Feynman graphon processes derived from the renormalization Hopf algebra
Authors: Shojaei-Fard Ali
Published: July 2022

Thanks to the theory of graphons and random graphs, Feynman graphons are new analytic tools for the study of infinities in (strongly coupled) gauge field theories. We formulate the Halting problem in Feynman graphon processes to build a new theory of computation in dealing with solutions of combinatorial Dyson–Schwinger equations in the context of the Turing machines and Manin’s renormalization Hopf algebra.
An analysis of (0,1,2;0) polynomial interpolation including interpolation on boundary points of interval [-1,1]
Authors: Singh Y.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we survey an interpolation on polynomials with Hermite conditions on the zeros of ultraspherical polynomials at intervals [-1,1]. Our aim is to demonstrate the existence, uniqueness, explicit representation, and convergence theorem of the interpolatory polynomials, which are the zeros of the polynomials Pn(k)(x) and Pn−1(k+1)(x) respectively, where Pn(k)(x) is the ultraspherical polynomial of degree n.
Shortest paths in a diagraph with an underestimated arc weight
Authors: Ciupala L. , Deaconu A. , Majercsik L.
Published: July 2022

There are many real-world problems that can be modeled and solved as shortest path problems. Among them, single-pair shortest path problems appear most frequently. Sometimes the weighted digraph, in which the shortest path problem is stated, suffers a minor data change (for instance, an arc weight might increase by a given amount a) due to the changes occurring in the corresponding real-life problem. In this case, one needs to solve the shortest path problem in the modified digraph. If shortest paths are already determined in the initial digraph, these can be used as a starting point when determining shortest paths in the modified digraph or a known shortest path algorithm can be applied, from scratch, in the modified digraph. We will describe an algorithm that determines the shortest paths from a given source

node s in the new weighted digraph starting from the already known shortest paths in the original weighted digraph.
Retainment and redistribution – an information theoretical approach
Authors: Srivastava A. , Tanwar P.
Published: July 2022

A probabilistic model has been developed for the retainment and redistribution in domains where uncertainty is inherent. It has been shown that the model has an evident connection with the negation transformation developed by Yager [7].
Analysis of the dynamics of the nomenclature of medicines in the government program «Available medicines»
Authors: Костюк І. А. , Пелих Ю. В.
Published: July 2022

The availability of medicines the public is a problem with the most acute health care systems. Not only the issue of physical availability of medicines, their availability in pharmacies, but also the economic assistance of the population to purchase drugs is relevant. To overcome these problems, the Government has recognized the introduction of a reimbursement process in the pharmaceutical sector. The content of improving the quality and life expectancy of the population, with increasing physical and economic accessibility of drugs for the treatment of the most socially significant diseases, April 1, 2017 the Government introduced a reimbursement program «Available medicines». In the beginning there were spreads with cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and bronchial asthma. From October 1, 2021, the program includes drugs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, mental and behavioral disorders, epilepsy.

The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of the range of drugs included in the government programs «Available medicines» for 2017–2022.

The content analysis of 13 issues of Registers of medicines subject to reimbursement shows the updating and growth of the number of international non-proprietary names and in accordance with the trade names of drugs for the treatment of nosologies, which countries have recognized as the best. The nomenclature of medicines has been updated twice with international non-proprietary names and in almost 3 varieties – by trade names compared to the first issue, which is associated with both the expansion of names for the treatment of the disease, which were in programs since 2017 and the emergence of new nosology from 2021. On average, the share of drugs of domestic pharmaceutical companies is only 60%, which opens a significant prospect of import substitution, reduces drug prices under the government program «Available medicines» and, for example, increase the physical and economic availability of drugs.

The conducted studies allow us to conclude that there is a need to improve the assortment policy of the government program «Available medicines» using the population of Ukraine available drugs in accordance with the needs of the population and the standards for the treatment socially significant diseases.
Results of clinical and economic analysis of pharmacotherapy of patients epilepts
Authors: Олєйнікова Н. В. , Корж Ю. В. , Сурікова І. О. , Афанасенко О. В.
Published: July 2022

Epilepsy is one of the most common serious diseases of the central nervous system in the world. The effective system of pharmaceutical care for epileptic patients requires the involvement of appreciable budgetary financial resources. In order to determine the actual state of pharmaceutical care to the population, clinical and economic studies are used, the results of which allow to optimize the cost of pharmacotherapy and ensure the implementation of the constitutional rights of Ukrainian citizens to available medical and pharmaceutical care.

The aim of the study was to conduct a clinical and economic analysis of pharmacotherapy of epilepsy.

The object of the study was the data of 118 medical records of patients diagnosed with epilepsy, who were treating at specialized healthcare facilities. Evaluation of the degree of pharmacotherapy rationality in epileptic patients was taken using frequency, VEN, ABC analysis.

The results of the investigation of patients’ medical records showed that 87 trade names of medications (76 international non-proprietary names of medications) were prescribed for epileptic patients. The total number of prescriptions is 918. The average number of prescriptions per patient is 7, which indicates polypragmasy. It was found that the leader in the number of appointments were carbamazepine – 11.11% of the total number of prescriptions and valproic acid – 3.49%. It is proved that in the structure of prescriptions for epileptic patients the part of medication with index V was 7.89%, which indicates a low degree of prescriptions compliance with healthcare standards. According to the results of the integrated ABC and VEN analysis, it was proved that among the groups A/V, A/E, A/N, the group A/V has the largest amount of expenditures – 36.38% of total cost. In general, group N accounts for 41.97% of total costs, which may indicate the irrational use of drugs in the provision of pharmaceutical care to epileptic patients.

The results of clinical and economic analysis of medical records of epileptic patients allowed to identify features in the organization of pharmaceutical care, as well as to substantiate the main directions of improving pharmacotherapy of epileptic patients with limited budget funding for healthcare.
Study of structural-mechanical properties for choosing the basis of pharmaceutical composition in ointment form
Authors: Луцька А. В. , Дроздова А. О.
Published: July 2022

Rational treatment of wounds is a pressing problem of our time, especially during hostilities. Practice has shown that currently there is no universal method of local wound healing. Therefore, a differentiated approach to the development of drugs for the local treatment of the wound process is needed. Among the dosage forms for topical use, soft drugs are a convenient dosage form for topical use. Thanks to the excipients which are a part of soft medicines, it is possible to regulate release of active pharmaceutical ingredients that, in turn, provides medical action of drug. The technology of drug preparation, which includes the substantiation of the temperature regime of drug production, the study of their physico-chemical and structural-mechanical properties affects the therapeutic efficacy of the drug.

The aim of the work was to study the structural and mechanical properties of model samples for choosing the basis of the pharmaceutical composition in the form of an ointment.

The object of the study were model samples of bases made on the basis of oil/water emulsion and water/oil. Measurements of rheological parameters of ointment bases and their homogeneity were performed according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (2.2.10 and SPU 1 in Annex I).

Studies of thermal stability and colloidal stability were performed according to DSTU 4765: 2007. Cosmetic creams. General technical conditions. [Effective from 2009-01-01]. Rheological studies of model samples of ointment bases immediately after their manufacture and their physicochemical properties (homogeneity, thermal stability and colloidal stability) both after fabrication and during 6 months of storage at room temperature. It is proved that all samples have elastic-plastic-viscous properties, thixotropy and ability to lubricate well, homogeneity and thermal and colloidal stability.

The study of the structural and mechanical properties of model bases has shown that these samples of bases can be used as carriers of drugs in the development of soft drugs.

The prospect of this study is to study the osmotic properties of model samples in order to choose the basis that the medical and biological requirements will meet a certain phase of the wound process.
Research of the assortment and information support of medical products and cosmetics
Authors: Городецька І. Я. , Левицька О. Р. , Чухрай І. Л.
Published: July 2022

An urgent problem of the contemporary domestic pharmaceutical market is the availability of a large number of products and goods that are not registered as medicines in the prescribed manner, but declare in different ways the medicinal properties and uses for therapeutic purposes. Without unified and comprehensible information resources on such products, this function is partially performed by the site Compendium.onLine.

The aim of the research was to consider of the assortment and accompanying information of medical products and cosmetics.

The object of our study was the data provided by the Internet resource Compendium.onLine. The subgroup «Liquids» from group 13 «Other products for treatment» of the section «Medical devices» and group 06 «Cosmetics for health» from the section «Cosmetics» were selected for the analysis, as their assortment was more typical for pharmacies.

147 items were presented in the subgroup «Liquids», which were offered by 51 manufacturers, one third of which were native companies. The predominant form of release was nasal spray – 42.2%, solutions (including for inhalation, for the oral cavity, ophthalmology, ear hygiene, for nails) represented 12.9% of the range items, eye drops – 8.2%, and throat spray – 4.8%. The subgroup «Cosmetics for Health» contained 634 products, which were produced by 163 manufacturers, two thirds of which were native firms. The predominant forms of release were cream (20.3%), gel (13.2%) and balm (11.5%). It was found that the analysed subgroups included some tools, the release forms of which did not correspond to the names of these subgroups.

94.3% of the range of health cosmetics contains recommendations for medical use. At the same time, 26.0% of them were diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases. Health cosmetics offered by drug manufacturers in 100% of cases have recommendations for their medical use. As cosmetics are not medicines, it is prohibited by law to declare their medicinal properties.

The study made it possible to characterize the structure of the range and accompanying information of two subgroups of medical products and cosmetics, the nomenclature of which is more typical of pharmacies. The problems inherent in the circulation of these groups of pharmaceutical products were identified and ways to solve them were suggested.
Modern approaches to studying the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives
Authors: Оглобліна М. В. , Бушуєва І. В. , Парченко В. В.
Published: July 2022

1,2,4-Triazole and its derivatives are a promising class of organic compounds. For a long time, they remain in the spotlight due to a number of unique properties: high ability to chemical transformations, the presence of various types of biological activity and, of course, low toxicity. Also, a number of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are currently well studied and implemented in various spheres of human life as effective drugs, various plant protection products (growth stimulants, fungicides, herbicides), anti-corrosion materials, plasticizers, etc.

The aim of the work was to analyze and systematize new data on antimicrobial and antifungal activity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives and to select a promising area of ​​research based on the accumulation of a large amount of information on the properties of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.

The analysis of modern sources of information in recent years argues and proves the prospects for finding new biologically active compounds in a number of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The information obtained clearly indicates the possibility of using 1,2,4-triazoles, which contain a Sulfur atom, as objects of study.

1,2,4-Triazole is one of the most well-known classes of biologically active compounds, which has a wide range of biological action. Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are characterized by the presence of antibacterial, antifungal, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral activities. The trend of creating new effective drugs based on 1,2,4-triazole derivatives is growing.

Some of the drugs are 1,2,4-triazole derivatives: ribavirin (an antiviral agent), risatriptan (a selective 5HT1 serotonin receptor agonist), alprazolam (an anxiolytic agent), fluconazole, and itraconazole (antifungal drugs). Derivatives of this compound have proven themselves well in veterinary medicine. Drugs such as Avesstim, Trifuzol, Trifuzol-neo are immunostimulants and in various dosage forms (1%, 2% solutions, suppositories) are used in veterinary farms, in the private livestock sector and for pets.

These facts are the best example for understanding the prospects of finding new molecules among 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
Primary Actinomycosis of the Foot in a 37-year-old female Patient: A Case Study and Review of the Literature.
Authors: Xhaferi Nusret , Gavrilovski Antonio , Jakimova Marija , Ukaj Fatime , Dyla Dea , Ukaj Skender
Published: July 2022

Abstract:

A parasitic disease called actinomycosis occurs when bacteria spread through body tissues, causing abscesses, inflammation, and pain. It affects the skin or deeper parts of the body and can sometimes affect the blood.[1]  The symptoms of actinomycosis may mimic those of other diseases or even neoplasms. Remission and exacerbation of symptoms occurring in parallel sequence with the initiation and cessation of therapy is a phenomenon that should increase suspicion of actinomycosis in any of its manifestations. [2]

Microbiology, histopathology, and MRI revealed the presence of an unusual infectious agent, Actinomyces spp., which is also known as Madura foot [3] This implies a serious difficulty in getting a bactericidal concentration of the effective drug into areas of active infection and seriously questions the possibility of restoring the involved tissues [4, 8]

The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of the organisms by anaerobic culture giving typical molar tooth colonies. Final confirmation was done by histopathological examination.

Case report; The patient's condition dates back 5 years before the operative treatment when for the first time the patient reported that she was stabbed with a foreign body in the area of ​​the left foot.

The patient was treated at home and in the beginning, did not go to the doctor. She occasionally complained of pain and swelling but the pain was not distressing, with no fever and no swelling of the foot…