bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Minority And Non-Minority Students To Enroll In An Introductory Agriscience Course In Texas
Authors: Talbert B. Allen , Larke Jr.
Published: January 2011

The authors investigated attitudes toward agriculture of minority and non-minority students to identify reasons for enrolling and perceived enrollment barriers. A stratified random sample of all students enrolled in two introductory agriscience courses in 60 agriscience programs was selected and surveyed using a five-part questionnaire. The major findings and conclusions were that: 1) the majority of students and teachers were white males; 2) minority students, especially minority females, were underrepresented; 3) minority students tended to be from non-farm, non-rural areas; and, 4) minority students had more negative perceptions regarding agriculture and agricultural education, and were more likely to perceive their reasons for enrolling as being beyond their control, perceived more barriers to enrolling, and were less likely to see opportunities for themselves in agricultural careers or to perceive agriculture as diverse. The following recommendations were offered: 1) the agricultural education profession should focus awareness and informational activities on the elementary grades and should conduct recruitment activities no later than the middle school grades; 2) efforts should be conducted to recruit more minorities into agriscience teaching; and, 3) activities should be conducted to reduce the perceived barriers for minority students.
The Relationship Between Learning Styles And Levels Of Cognition Of Instruction Of Horticulture Teachers
Authors: Cano Jamie , Metzger Susan
Published: January 2011

The flexibility for learners to learn begins with the teacher's style of learning and the levels of cognition utilized in the classroom. Teachers have the basic capability to learn and teach; however, they are not all able to learn and teach effectively in the same exact way. The current study sought to determine the learning style and cognitive level of instruction of central Ohio horticulture teachers. The Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behaviors (FTCB) and the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) were used to assess the level of cognitive instruction (FTCB) and the learning style (GEFT). The results indicated that 44% of the teachers preferred the field dependent learning style and 56% preferred the field-independent learning style. Furthermore, 84% of the teaching occurred at the lower levels of cognition. The mean weighted cognitive score for the teachers was 23.03. The mean weighted score reflected a cognitive level of teaching concentrated near the cognitive level of translation. A moderate positive (r= .32) relationship was found between learning style and the weighted cognitive level of instruction. Correlation coefficients between GEFT scores and the seven levels of cognition ranged from a substantial negative association (r= -.53) to a moderate positive association (r= .41).
Program Model For Secondary Agricultural Education In Thailand
Authors: Wettayaprasit Prawat , Birkenholz Robert J.
Published: January 2011

Agricultural educators in Thailand were surveyed to ascertain the importance of program goals, basic principles, and program standards. Responses were collected from 182 schools that offered programs of secondary agricultural education. Twenty-one goal statements, ten basic prinicple statements, and forty program standard statements received mean ratings of average importance or above. A conceptual model was developed to reflect the goals, basic principles, and program standards that were important for secondary agricultural education in Thailand. The program model was constructed as a guide for future program development and evaluation efforts. Properly implemented, the program model should be an effective tool to improve secondary agricultural education in Thailand.
A Comparison Of Community College Transfer Agriculture Students, 1985 And 1992
Authors: Johnson Donald M. , Taylor Walter N. , Owens Jr. , Butler James N.
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study was to profile and compare transfer agriculture students enrolled in Mississippi public community colleges during the Spring 1985 and 1992 semesters. Data were examined to identify demographic trends developing in the study population. Several trends were identified. Enrollment in transfer agriculture programs increased by 102% (from 110 to 222) between 1985 and 1992. By comparison, agriculture enrollment at Mississippi State University remained stable during the same seven year period. The most obvious trend identified was the decreased percentage of respondents with farm backgrounds and other agricultural experiences. When compared to the 1985 baseline group, the 1992 respondents were less likely to have: (a) been raised on a farm; (b) had parents who were raised on a farm; (c) had parents who owned a farm; (d) enrolled in high school agriculture classes; or, (e) had agricultural work experiences. The identified trends are discussed in relation to the changing structure of Mississippi's rural population base. Changes occurring in the transfer student population are congruent with these larger demographic trends. Major recommendations include: (a) development of more structured articulation agreements between community colleges and university agriculture programs; and, (b) an increased emphasis on internships and practicums for students lacking agricultural experiences.
Perceptions, Responses, And Knowledge About Diveristy Held By Extension Administrators
Authors: Cano Jamie , Ludwig Barbara
Published: January 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of diversity and response towards diversity by The Ohio State University Extension administrators. Results indicated that the Extension organization had reached the level at which people were actively acknowledging diversity as an issue. The most critical diversity issues facing Extension were confusion about how to communicate and serve clientele from other backgrounds, understanding how to use the different strengths of individuals, lack of clear vision of what a multicultural organization could achieve, and recruitment programs that failed to attract diverse applicants. The administrators scored an average of 65% on a research or fact based multiple-choice test which measured knowledge about diversity. The Extension administrators were neither pessimistic or optimistic regarding the organization's progress toward providing equal opportunity to all employees.
Distance Education Needs Of Agribusinesses And Professional Agriculture Associations
Authors: Bowen Blannie E. , Thomson Joan S.
Published: January 2011

For this assessment, 66 agribusinesses and 61 associations provided usable data by the end of the data collection period (August 6, 1993). Major findings were that programming targeted to individual firms and associations as well as general programming that applies to multiple audiences are of high interest, i.e. (1) conferences, seminars, short courses, workshops, and meeting; (2) certificate or licensure programs; and, (3) contemporary issues programming. Graduate and undergraduate courses in agronomy, entomology, food science, personnel evaluation, management, and strategic planning were preferred most by the firms. Desired proprietary programming focuses upon employee training, new products being developed, and marketing strategies. However, firms indicated a strong desire to protect such programming from being downlinked by competitors. Most often, training directors, firm presidents, and association presidents make the decision to commit the resources to subscribe to distance education. As opposed to the universities, the firms and associations need less than six months to decide to subscribe to a program or course. Most indicated that they would pay $1,000 or less, to subscribe to credit courses.
DAWN IS BREAKING: ARE WE PREPARED FOR THE NEW DAY?
Authors: Kahler Alan A.
Published: January 2011

It is indeed a privilege and honor for me to have the opportunity to address you at our annual awards breakfast. I thank you Bob for inviting me to deliver the distinguished lecture and giving me the opportunity to share some of my thoughts with those assembled here today. When Bob asked me to serve as your mystery speaker, he told me that the choice of topic was mine to make. After considering the breadth of agricultural education, I chose to focus my remarks on an occurrence that I have observed happening in our profession throughout my professional career. Its intensity has steadily increased over the years to the point that I believe it requires that we consider some changes in how we prepare young people to enter the agriculture teaching profession.
PRESERVICE AGRICULTURAL EDUCATORS' ABILITY TO SOLVE AGRICULTURALLY RELATED MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS
Authors: Miller Greg , Gliem Joe A.
Published: January 2011

The ability to apply academic skills to agriculture is increasingly important. Even so, studies have shown that students and teachers of agricultural education lack competence in solving agriculture-related mathematics problems. The purpose of this correlational study was to explain variance in the mathematical problem-solving ability of preservice agricultural educators. Findings show a lack of competence in mathematical problem-solving among the preservice agricultural educators in the study. Also, preservice educators who achieved higher scores on the problem-solving test had completed fewer college mathematics courses, were more likely to have taken advanced mathematics courses, and possessed higher ACT math scores. A previously tested approach to teaching mathematical problem-solving in the context of agriculture was recommended. Additionally, the importance of recruiting undergraduate students with the aptitude needed to apply basic math and other academic principles to agriculture was emphasized. Further research is needed to more precisely isolate the nature of the problem. Do preservice agricultural educators lack mathematics skills, or do they lack the ability to conceptualize problems and devise appropriate solutions?
SCIENCE CREDIT FOR AGRICULTURE: PERCEIVED SUPPORT, PREFERRED IMPLEMENTATION METHODS AND TEACHER SCIENCE COURSE WORK
Authors: Johnson Donald M.
Published: January 2011

Arkansas agriculture teachers (N=259) were surveyed to obtain information needed by a planning committee studying the issue of science credit for agriculture. Objectives were to determine: ( a) the level of support for granting science credit for agriculture; (b) teachers' support for methods of granting science credit for agriculture for agriculture; (c) teachers' support for methods of certifying teachers to offer science credit; (d) the extent to which science objectives were being taught in agriculture; and, (e) teachers' undergraduate preparation in science. A majority (88.8%) of respondents supported granting science credit for agriculture. The respondents also perceived that parents (87.4%), administrators (76%), guidance counselors (75%) and science teachers {64.5%) in their school districts would support granting science credit for agriculture. The largest percentage of teachers (65. 6%) supported granting science credit for a limited number of existing agriculture courses, with changes made to enhance the science content of the courses. The two methods of certifying teachers to teach agriculture for science credit receiving the most support were: (a) granting a blanket endorsement to all certified agriculture teachers (71.5%) and (b) granting an endorsement to only certified agriculture teachers completing an in-service workshop (5 6. 6%). The respondents reported teaching a majority (55. 1%) of the state science objectives studied As a group, the respondents reported earning the undergraduate credits and grades required for science certification.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS IN THE NATIONAL YOUNG FARMER EDUCATION ASSOCIATION
Authors: Carpentier Dale R. , Iverson Maynard J.
Published: January 2011

The National Young Farmer Educational Association, Inc. (NYFEA) is the vocational student organization for those adults enrolled in agriculture classes, usually through the local vocational agriculture/agricultural education program. Since being incorporated as a non-profit, non-political educational association for agriculture in 1982, the organization has developed programs based on assumptions about the membership that may not have been true. This article reports on a doctoral study which sought to: develop a demographic profile of NYFEA members; examine involvement of NYFEA members in farm and off-farm employment; and, identify future plans of NYFEA members. A random sample was drawn of the 17,750 members nationally. A mailed questionnaire provided data for the study. NYFEA were 12 years younger than the national average for farmers; their farms were twice the size and they had a larger investment; NYFEA members sold twice the agricultural products; and, had a higher level of education than the average American farmer. Over one-third of NYFEA members worked off the farm and a majority planned to expand their farm operations. The age limitation on membership should be re-examined based on the findings of the study; demographics should be considered in developing curriculum and activities for the NYFEA.
Monitoring spatial and temporal variations of surface albedo on Saint Sorlin Glacier (French Alps) using terrestrial photography
Authors: Dumont M. , Sirguey P. , Arnaud Y. , Six D.
Published: January 2011

Abstract. Accurate knowledge of temperate glacier mass balance is essential to understand the relationship between glacier and climate. Defined as the reflected fraction of incident radiation over the whole solar spectrum, the surface broadband albedo is one of the leading variable of their mass balance. This study presents a new method to retrieve the albedo of frozen surfaces from terrestrial photography at visible and near infrared wavelengths. This method accounts for the anisotropic reflectance of snow and ice surfaces and uses a radiative transfer model for narrow-to-broadband conversion. The accuracy of the method was assessed using concomitant measurements of albedo during the summers 2008 and 2009 on Saint Sorlin Glacier (Grandes Rousses, France). These albedo measurements are performed at two locations on the glacier, one in the ablation area and the other in the accumulation zone, with a net radiometer Kipp and Zonen CNR1. Main sources of uncertainty are associated with the presence of high clouds and the georeferencing of the photographs.
Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor 1
Authors: Chen Xiuping , Xu Zengtao , Wang Yitao
Published: January 2011

Metastasis is a complex process divided into a number of steps including detachment of tumor cells from the primary tumor, invasion, migration, intravasation, survival in the vasculature, extravasation, and colonization of the secondary site. Proteins that block metastasis without inhibiting primary tumor formation are known as metastasis suppressors; examples are NM23, Maspin, KAI1, KISS1, and MKK4. Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) was identified as a suppressor of breast cancer metastasis in the late 1990s. In vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that BRMS1 is a potent metastasis suppressor not limited to breast cancer. However, conflicting clinical observations regarding its role as a metastasis suppressor and its validity as a diagnostic biomarker warrant more in-depth clinical study. In this review, the authors provide an overview of its biology, function, action mechanism and pathological significance.
Treatment of Long-Term Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections with a Taurolidine Block: A Single Cancer Center Experience
Authors: Haag Georg-Martin , Berger Anne-Katrin , Jäger Dirk
Published: January 2011

Purpose

Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a common problem in cancer patients with long-term catheters. The effectiveness of taurolidine, a new antimicrobial solution, in the management of CRBSIs is still unknown. A retrospective analysis of patients with proven CRBSIs treated with a taurolidine block in combination with systemic antibiotic treatment was performed to define its role in the management of CRBSIs.

Methods

Twenty-four episodes of CRBSIs in 23 cancer patients with permanent use of the long-term catheter were treated with a taurolidine block for 3 consecutive days in combination with systemic antibiotic treatment.

Results

Treatment was successful in 16 of 24 events (67%). Explantation was performed in 8 cases (33%): in 3 patients due to a second positive blood culture, and in 1 patient due to recurrent fever after the conservative treatment. In 4 patients, the conservative approach was prematurely stopped due to persisting fever.

Conclusion

Taurolidine-based treatment may be a promising, noninvasive therapeutical approach in the management of long-term catheter-related bloodstream infections in cancer patients.
One Step Lithography of Polypyrrole
Authors: Acevedo Diego F. , Frontera Evelina , Broglia Martín F. , Mücklich Frank , Miras María C. , Barbero César A.
Published: January 2011

Large areas of polypyrrole (PPy) thin films deposited onto inert polymeric substrates are structured by direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). Several square millimeter areas could be produced with one single (10 ns) pulse, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Nanometric arrays of lines (>600 nm) or grids of PPy deposited on dielectric polymers polypropilene or polypirrol (PP or PE) are fabricated by DLIP at 355 nm. The period of the lines structures, measured by white light interferometry (WLI), is 3.5 µm. Regular structures are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a focus ion beam (FIB) tomography. It is shown that only the PPy film is structured while the PP or PE substrate remains unaltered. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV‐vis spectroscopy, permit to ensure that PPy chemical structure remains unaltered after the structuration process. The width of PPy lines can be tailored by controlling the fluence of the laser beam. Contact angle measurement shows that the wettability is affected by the structuring, making the surface more hydrophobic. The structuring technique seems to be suitable for the fabrication of PPy regular structures over various substrates.
Understanding the Mechanical Properties of Antheraea Pernyi Silk—From Primary Structure to Condensed Structure of the Protein
Authors: Fu Chengjie , Porter David , Chen Xin , Vollrath Fritz , Shao Zhengzhong
Published: January 2011

Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk is produced and used by “wild” silkworms to construct a cocoon, but the primary structure of its protein is rather similar to that of spider major ampullate silk used to build web and dragline. Studies on this specific silk may provide valuable knowledge about the structure‐property relationship for the whole animal silk family. In this work, A. pernyi silk fibers with few macroscale defects are obtained by forcibly reeling, and are investigated in detail. It is found that such silk fibers display breaking stress and toughness of the same magnitude as spider major ampullate silks and forcibly reeled mulberry silk. The other mechanical properties, such as elasticity, supercontraction, and the effect of water on modulus are between those of spider major ampullate silks and mulberry silk. Therefore, an interpretation of the connection between the primary structures of silk proteins and the mechanical properties of silks is proposed here based on the ordered fraction, which in turn is determined by both the protein sequence and spinning process of the silk.
Development of Film Sensors Based on Conjugated Polymers for Copper (II) Ion Detection
Authors: Lv Fengting , Feng Xuli , Tang Hongwei , Liu Libing , Yang Qiong , Wang Shu
Published: January 2011

A fluorescent film sensor was prepared by chemical modification of a polyfluorene derivative on a glass‐plate surface. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ellipsometry measurements demonstrate the covalent attachment of the polyfluorene derivative to the glass‐plate surface. The sensor was used to detect Cu2+ions in aqueous solution by a mechanism exploiting fluorescence quenching of conjugated polymers. Among the tested metal ions, the film sensor presents good selectivity towards Cu2+ions. Further experiments show that the sensing process is reversible. Moreover, sensory microarrays based on conjugated polymers targeting Cu2+ions are constructed, which display similar sensing performance to that of the film sensor. The structural motif in which conjugated polymers are covalently confined to a solid substrate surface offers several attractive advantages for sensing applications. First, in comparison with film sensors in which small fluorescent molecules are employed as sensing elements, the sensitivity of our new film sensor is enhanced due to the signal‐amplifying effect of the conjugated polymers. Second, the film sensors or microarrays can be used in aqueous environments, which is crucial for their potential use in a wide range of real‐world systems. Since the sensing process is reversible, the sensing materials can be reused. Third, unlike physically coated polymer chains, the covalent attachment of the grafted chains onto a material surface precludes desorption and imparts long‐term stability of the polymer chains.
Recent Progress in Multiferroic Magnetoelectric Composites: from Bulk to Thin Films
Authors: Ma Jing , Hu Jiamian , Li Zheng , Nan Ce‐Wen
Published: January 2011

Multiferroic magnetoelectric composite systems such as ferromagnetic‐ferroelectric heterostructures have recently attracted an ever‐increasing interest and provoked a great number of research activities, driven by profound physics from coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic orders, as well as potential applications in novel multifunctional devices, such as sensors, transducers, memories, and spintronics. In this Review, we try to summarize what remarkable progress in multiferroic magnetoelectric composite systems has been achieved in most recent few years, with emphasis on thin films; and to describe unsolved issues and new device applications which can be controlled both electrically and magnetically.
Major Renewal of the Editorial and Advisory Boards as Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis Begins its 2nd Decade
Authors: Richmond Joe P.
Published: January 2011

As Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis enters its second decade, Chris H. Senanayake and Qilin Zhou join the ASC Editorial Board, chaired by Ryoji Noyori. A turnover on the ASC Advisory Boards was also needed, in order that the journal remain fresh and innovative. Therefore after 10 years, there has been a renewal of over half of the members of the ASC Industrial and Academic Advisory Boards. The new members are top chemists in the younger generation, who promise to be the pioneers and leaders of the next decade. In its first decade, ASC has had a steady increase in printed pages and in impact; it is still on the upward slope of it life curve. It is the goal of the new Editorial and Advisory Boards, and a strengthened Editorial Office, to maintain the journal′s position of leadership by continuing to be a prestigious address for the publication of the seminal work in the field of (green) synthesis and catalysis.
Development of a new technique to generate microcapsules from the breakup of non‐Newtonian highly viscous fluid jets
Authors: Rodríguez‐Rivero C. , Del Valle E. M. M. , Galán M. A.
Published: January 2011

A new method to produce microcapsules ranging from 300 to 700 μm based on the droplets formation from non‐newtonian high viscous liquids has been developed, characterized, and modeled. The technique involves the generation of a continuous high viscous solution jet, which is destabilized by means of a controlled vibration, breaking into droplets that undergo stabilization through a gelling process. Finally, the application of the wave‐mechanisms‐based theory to obtain a set of equations for the fitting of experimental data is assessed, as a first approximation for a better knowledge of the process. To find the fitting equations, the influence on the microcapsules size is studied through two‐dimensionless groups, the Ohnesorge and the Weber numbers, involving the liquid viscosity and flow, respectively, and determining their exponential dependences. Further coefficients are obtained by least‐squares fit of the experimental data. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Getting biofuels on the green and narrow path: why we must get advanced biofuels started and started in the right way
Authors: Greene Nathanael
Published: January 2011

We need every tool we can get our hands on in the fight against global warming; a truly low‐carbon liquid fuel is clearly a tool we cannot give up lightly and arguably a tool we cannot do without. Unfortunately, our current policies do not require or reward broadly sustainably and truly low‐carbon biomass. What's more, the small policy steps forward are under atttack and the comprehensive policy solutions are not even being debated. As a result, any supply estimate that does not start by identifying the policies that would guide the market to choose sustainably managed feedstocks in sustainable quantities can be nothing more than a proof of concept, technical assessment. These estimates are misleadingly high in the current policy climate. Nevertheless to stop global warming we must try to get the right policies in place and with an aggressive package of policies, they might actually turn out to be low. A modest proposal for a billion gallon challenge with rich incentives and rigorous environmental requirements (perhaps building of voluntary sustainability certification standards such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels) is offered as a way to launch the advanced biofuels industry on the right track in a way will build public support.
High‐performance prediction of functional residues in proteins with machine learning and computed input features
Authors: Somarowthu Srinivas , Yang Huyuan , Hildebrand David G.C. , Ondrechen Mary Jo
Published: January 2011

One of the major challenges in genomics is to understand the function of gene products from their 3D structures. Computational methods are needed for the high‐throughput prediction of the function of proteins from their 3D structure. Methods that identify active sites are important for understanding and annotating the function of proteins. Traditional methods exploiting either sequence similarity or structural similarity can be unreliable and cannot be applied to proteins with novel folds or low homology with other proteins. Here, we present a machine‐learning application that combines computed electrostatic, evolutionary, and pocket geometric information for high‐performance prediction of catalytic residues. Input features consist of our structure‐based theoretical microscopic anomalous titration curve shapes (THEMATICS) electrostatics data, enhanced with sequence‐based phylogenetic information from INTREPID and topological pocket information from ConCavity. Our THEMATICS‐based input features are augmented with an additional metric, the theoretical buffer range. With the integration of the three different types of input, each of which performs admirably on its own, significantly better performance is achieved than that of any of these methods by itself. This combined method achieves 86.7%, 92.5%, and 93.8% recall of annotated functional residues at 5, 8, and 10% false‐positive rates, respectively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 390–400, 2011
ChemInform Abstract: A New Phase in the System Lithium—Aluminum: Characterization of Orthorhombic Li2Al.
Authors: Puhakainen Kati , Bostroem Magnus , Gory Thomas L. , Haeussermann Ulrich
Published: January 2011

The crystal structure of Li2Al is determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Dilution of the Iron Sublattice in CoFe2‐xScxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1).
Authors: Lefevre C. , Roulland F. , Viart N. , Greneche J. M. , Pourroy G.
Published: January 2011

Substitution of Sc for Fe in CoFe2O4 spinel is investigated by powder XRD, magnetic measurements, and 57Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Coordination Sites in LixTiO2(B): A Structural and Computational Study.
Authors: Armstrong A. Robert , Arrouvel Corinne , Gentili Valentina , Parker Stephen C. , Islam M. Saiful , Bruce Peter G.
Published: January 2011

LixTiO2(B) is a promising anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a New Aluminum Oxycarbonitride, Al5(O, C, N)4.
Authors: Inuzuka Haruya , Kaga Motoaki , Urushihara Daisuke , Nakano Hiromi , Asaka Toru , Fukuda Koichiro
Published: January 2011

Al5O1.4C2.1N0.5 is synthesized from a mixture of AlN and Al4C3 in the molar ratio of 1:1.5 (Ar, 2173 K, 1 h) and characterized by powder XRD, TEM, and EELS.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Li+ Ion Conductivity of a New Vanado‐Molybdate Phase, LiMg3VMo2O12.
Authors: Gillie Lisa J. , de Souza Sharon A. , Sheptyakov Denis , Reeves‐McLaren Nik , Pasero Denis , West Anthony R.
Published: January 2011

Li2Mg2(MoO4)3 (I), Li1.5Mg2.5V0.5Mo2.5O12 (II), and LiMg3VMo2O12 (III) are synthesized by solid state reactions of stoichiometric mixtures of LiCO3, MgO, V2O5, and (NH4)2MoO4 (625 °C, 3 d for (I), 800 °C, 2 d for (II), 925 °C, 1 d for (III)).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of AgTl3(Cr2O7)2.
Authors: Dietrich Volker , Pitzschke Dragan , Jansen Martin
Published: January 2011

Red single crystals of the title compound are hydrothermally prepared from a mixture of AgNO3, TlNO3, K2Cr2O7, and H2O (autoclave, 200 °C, 10 d).
ChemInform Abstract: The First General, Highly Enantioselective Lewis Base Organo‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Benzoxazinones and Quinoxalinones.
Authors: Xue Zhou‐Yang , Jiang Yan , Peng Xiao‐Zhi , Yuan Wei‐Cheng , Zhang Xiao‐Mei
Published: January 2011

The ephedrine‐based picolinamide PIA catalyzes the title reactions to give enantioenriched dihydrobenzoxazinones and dihydroquinoxalinones.
ChemInform Abstract: A Remarkable Titanium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Strecker Reaction Using Hydrogen Cyanide at Room Temperature.
Authors: Ramalingam Balamurugan , Seayad Abdul Majeed , Chuanzhao Li , Garland Marc , Yoshinaga Kazuhiko , Wadamoto Manabu , Nagata Takushi , Chai Christina L. L.
Published: January 2011

Partially hydrolyzed titanium butoxide in combination with a chiral phenol ligand and TmsCN are employed as catalyst system for the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient and Clean Synthesis of Imines from Primary Benzylamines.
Authors: Chu Guobiao , Li Chunbao
Published: January 2011

An efficient and green procedure for the synthesis of imines starts from primary benzylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed β Arylation of Carboxylic Esters.
Authors: Renaudat Alice , Jean‐Gerard Ludivine , Jazzar Rodolphe , Kefalidis Christos E. , Clot Eric , Baudoin Olivier
Published: January 2011

The lithium enolates formed in situ from carboxylic acid esters by treatment with LiNCy2 are arylated at the β‐position instead at the more common α‐position by aryl halides bearing at the ortho‐position electronegative substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiazolidine‐Based Organocatalysts for a Highly Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Rambo Raoni S. , Schneider Paulo H.
Published: January 2011

The new organocatalysts exhibit high performance in asymmetric aldol reaction and Michael reaction in an aqueous medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Phosphite Ruthenium Complexes: Towards a New Generation of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts.
Authors: Bantreil Xavier , Schmid Thibault E. , Randall Rebecca A. M. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Cazin Catherine S. J.
Published: January 2011

Novel ruthenium complexes are prepared and tested as catalysts in ring closing and cross‐metathesis.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of Aryl and Heteroaryl N‐Acylureas via Microwave‐Assisted Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation.
Authors: Liptrot David , Alcaraz Lilian , Roberts Bryan
Published: January 2011

Either CO or Mo(CO)6 are used as carbon monoxide sources for the carbonylation of various ureas in the presence of aryl bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: Primary 1,2‐Diamine Catalysis III: An Unexpected Domino Reaction for the Synthesis of Multisubstituted Cyclohexa‐1,3‐dienamines.
Authors: Wang Junfeng , Li Qin , Qi Chao , Liu Yi , Ge Zemei , Li Runtao
Published: January 2011

The first organocatalyzed multicomponent domino reactions of aryl ketones, aldehydes, and malononitrile are conducted to form multi‐substituted cyclohexadienamines in satisfactory yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Diels—Alder Reactions of Cyclic Isoimidium Salts.
Authors: Boeckman Robert K. Jr. , Miller Yan , Ryder Todd R.
Published: January 2011

The reaction of readily prepared isoimidium salts such as (I) with standard dienes proceeds with high regio‐ and diastereoselectivity to yield the corresponding ester amides after work‐up with methanol.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Selective and General Palladium Catalyst for the Oxidative Heck Reaction of Electronically Nonbiased Olefins.
Authors: Werner Erik W. , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: January 2011

The oxidative Heck reaction proceeds with high (E)‐selectivity under mild conditions without the need of any bases or high temperatures.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic ipso‐Iodination of Silylated Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Durka K. , Gorka J. , Kurach P. , Lulinski S. , Serwatowski J.
Published: January 2011

Electrophilic replacement of trimethylsilyl group by iodine in various arylboronic acids is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Highly Chemoselective Direct Reductive Amination of Aldehydes Using the System Silane/Oxorhenium Complexes.
Authors: Sousa Sara C. A. , Fernandes Ana C.
Published: January 2011

The method proceeds with low catalyst loading in short reaction times under air atmosphere.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of α‐Bromoketones from Alkylarenes by Aerobic Visible Light Photooxidation.
Authors: Tada Norihiro , Ban Kazunori , Hirashima Shin‐ichi , Miura Tsuyoshi , Itoh Akichika
Published: January 2011

The direct synthesis of α‐bromoketones from alkylarenes by aerobic photooxidation with hydrobromic acid is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromatography‐Free Wittig Reactions Using a Bifunctional Polymeric Reagent.
Authors: Leung Peter Shu‐Wai , Teng Yan , Toy Patrick H.
Published: January 2011

Bifunctional rasta resin, bearing phosphine and amine group, is applied to promote a one‐pot Wittig reaction of α‐halo carbonyl compounds with aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a Second Generation Palladium Catalyst System for the Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Halides with CO and Ammonia.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: January 2011

An improved and general method for the Pd‐catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryl halides (I) with CO and ammonia is established.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation via Reductive Soft Enolization: A Kinetically Controlled syn‐Aldol Addition of α‐Halo Thioesters and Enolizable Aldehydes.
Authors: Sauer Scott J. , Garnsey Michelle R. , Coltart Don M.
Published: January 2011

The direct addition of aldehydes and α‐iodo thioesters provides β‐hydroxy thioesters with high syn‐selectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorine‐Enabled Cationic Gold Catalysis: Functionalized Hydration of Alkynes.
Authors: Wang Weibo , Jasinski Jacek , Hammond Gerald B. , Xu Bo
Published: January 2011

A one‐pot tandem addition/oxidative coupling/fluorination sequence performed with the alkyne, an arylboronic acid, water, and Selectfluor in the presence of a gold(I) catalyst affords α‐aryl‐α‐fluoroketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring Opening of Azabicyclic Alkenes by Amines.
Authors: Long Yuhua , Yang Dingqiao , Zhang Zhenming , Wu Yujuan , Zeng Heping , Chen Yu
Published: January 2011

It provides a mild and efficient method to prepare trans‐1,2‐diamine derivatives such as (III), (V), (VII), and (IX) with moderated to good enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Halocyclization of o‐(Alkynyl)styrenes. Synthesis of 3‐Halo‐1H‐indenes.
Authors: Sanz Roberto , Martinez Alberto , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , Fernandez‐Rodriguez Manuel A. , Rashid Muhammad A. , Rodriguez Felix
Published: January 2011

The title reaction proceeds via a 5‐endo‐dig cyclization, induced by an excess of iodonium or bromonium ions in the reaction mixture.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkenylation of Fluoro‐Substituted Furans via C—H Activation to Form Tetrasubstituted Furans.
Authors: Li Peng , Gu Ji‐Wei , Ying Yin , He Yu‐Ming , Zhang Hong‐fei , Zhao Gang , Zhu Shi‐Zheng
Published: January 2011

A direct functionalization at the C‐4 position is realized using Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 and LiCl as additives.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Phthalides via Regioselective Intramolecular Cyclization from ortho‐Alkynylbenzaldehydes.
Authors: Li Jim , Chin Elbert , Lui Alfred S. , Chen Lijing
Published: January 2011

The optimized conditions provide a broad spectrum of benzofuran derivatives and the pyridine analogue (X) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery and Optimization of a New Class of Potent and Non‐Chiral Indole‐3‐carboxamide‐Based Renin Inhibitors.
Authors: Scheiper Bodo , Mater Hans , Steinhagen Henning , Stilz Ulrich , Boecskei Zsolt , Fleury Valerie , McCort Gary
Published: January 2011

Compound (I) is found to be the most potent renin inhibitor without significant inhibition of related proteases.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of New Substituted 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydrocarbazoles via Petasis Reaction.
Authors: Neogi Subhasish , Roy Amrita , Naskar Dinabandhu
Published: January 2011

Starting from six hydrazines, ten boronic acids, and four cylohexanones as the three points of diversity, a 33‐membered library of the title compounds such as (VI) or (IX) is prepared, offering the possibility to undergo further derivatization at the carboxy terminal.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fully‐Substituted Alkenylimidazoles from N‐(Cyanoalkyl)amides via the In‐Mediated Allylation of Nitrile and Dehydrative Cyclization Cascade.
Authors: Kim Yu Mi , Lee Sangku , Kim Sung Hwan , Kim Ko Hoon , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: January 2011

Bromo derivatives such as (VI) and (VII) undergo Pd‐catalyzed cyclization to give tri‐ or tetracyclic compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Basic Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐2‐oxazolidinones from Aziridines and CO2 under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Yang Zhen‐Zhen , He Liang‐Nian , Peng Shi‐Yong , Liu An‐Hua
Published: January 2011

Title agents like [C4DABCO]Br are able to catalyze the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to aziridines (I) under solvent‐free conditions without any additives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Study of Thermal Stability of 3‐Nitro‐1,2,4‐triazole N‐Nitroxy‐ and N‐Azidomethyl Derivatives.
Authors: Tselinskii I. V. , Tolstyakov V. V. , Putis S. M. , Mel'nikova S. F.
Published: January 2011

The novel title compounds are synthesized with medium yields starting from N‐hydroxymethyltriazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiodifferentiating endo‐Selective Oxylactonization of ortho‐Alk‐1‐enylbenzoate with a Lactate‐Derived Aryl‐λ3‐iodane.
Authors: Fujita Morifumi , Yoshida Yasushi , Miyata Kazuyuki , Wakisaka Akihiro , Sugimura Takashi
Published: January 2011

The present protocol is applied to the synthesis of the naturally occurring aromatase inhibitor (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Combination of Michael and Acetalization Reactions: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized 4‐Nitromethyl‐chromans as Drug Intermediates.
Authors: Ramachary Dhevalapally B. , Sakthidevi Rajasekar
Published: January 2011

Functionalized 4‐nitromethylchromans such as (IV) or (V) are obtained through a sequential combination of Michael and acetalization reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Syntheses of Chromeno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐3,4‐diones via Ugi‐4CR and Intramolecular Michael Addition.
Authors: Che Chao , Li Song , Jiang Xianlong , Quan Junmin , Lin Shuo , Yang Zhen
Published: January 2011

The desired heterocyclic skeletons are obtained with complete diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium‐Induced Regiospecific C‐Silylation of Suitably Substituted Enoates and Dienoates.
Authors: Kundu Pintu K. , Ghosh Sunil K.
Published: January 2011

The C‐silylation selectivity is very high over the reductive dimerization or simple double bond reduction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of α‐D‐2′‐3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐3′‐C‐hydroxymethyl Nucleosides.
Authors: Yamada Kohei , Hayakawa Hiroyuki , Sakata Shinji , Ashida Noriyuki , Yoshimura Yuichi
Published: January 2011

Three title compounds such as (V) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydro‐resveratrol—A Potent Dietary Polyphenol.
Authors: Gakh Andrei A. , Anisimova Natalia Yu , Kiselevsky Mikhail V. , Sadovnikov Sergey V. , Stankov Ivan N. , Yudin Mikhail V. , Rufanov Konstantin A. , Krasavin Mikhail Yu , Sosnov Andrey V.
Published: January 2011

Dihydro‐resveratrol—A, a prominent polyphenol component of red wine, is shown to have a profound proliferative effect on hormone‐sensitive tumor cell lines such as breast cancer cell line MCF7.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Methoxyacrylate Natural Products Based on Box‐PdII‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Methoxycarbonylation of Alkynoles.
Authors: Motodate Satoshi , Kobayashi Takuya , Fujii Mikio , Mochida Tomoyuki , Kusakabe Taichi , Katoh Shigeki , Akita Hiroyuki , Kato Keisuke
Published: January 2011

Palladium‐catalyzed methoxycarbonylation of appropriate alkynols is used for the synthesis of natural products dihydroxycystothiazoles (V), annularin G (VIII) and H and kawa lactones (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Size‐Dependent Phase Transitions and Phase Reversal at the Nanoscale
Authors: Barnard Amanda S.
Published: January 2011

Review: 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetorheology: Materials and Application
Authors: Park Bong Jun , Fang Fei Fei , Choi Hyoung Jin
Published: January 2011

Review: 129 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Nanostructures by Use of Magnetic Fields and Spin Chemistry in Solid/Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Yonemura Hiroaki
Published: January 2011

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygen in Silicon
Authors: Haimi Eero
Published: January 2011

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selectivity on the Coordination Site and the Bonding Mode of Phosphorus Ylides Towards Palladium and Platinum Substrates
Authors: Urriolabeitia Esteban P. , Bravo Judith , Gines Juan Carlos , Sola Hector , Valles Cristina , Navarro Rafael
Published: January 2011

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dzhemilev Reaction for the Synthesis of Cyclic and Acyclic Organometallic Compounds
Authors: D'yakonov Vladimir A.
Published: January 2011

Review: 286 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Gambierol
Authors: Mori Yuji
Published: January 2011

Review: [93 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: “Cage‐Like” Phosphines: Design and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Zablocka Maria , Hameau Aurelien , Caminade Anne‐Marie , Majoral Jean‐Pierre
Published: January 2011

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminoazoles as Key Reagents in Multicomponent Heterocyclizations
Authors: Chebanov Valentin A. , Gura Katerina A. , Desenko Sergey M.
Published: January 2011

Review: 176 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirocyclic β‐Lactams: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heterocycles
Authors: Bari Shamsher S. , Bhalla Aman
Published: January 2011

Review: 145 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Flexible Two‐Dimensional Square‐Grid Coordination Polymers: Structures and Functions
Authors: Kajiro Hiroshi , Kondo Atsushi , Kaneko Katsumi , Kanoh Hirofumi
Published: January 2011

Review: 261 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids: New Opportunities for the Chemistry of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Pharmaceutical Compounds
Authors: Ternois James , Ferron Laurent , Coquerel Gerard , Guillen, Guillen,
Published: January 2011

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Protecting Groups in Carbohydrate Chemistry: Influence on Stereoselectivity of Glycosylation
Authors: Guo Jian , Ye Xin‐Shan
Published: January 2011

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Cyano‐6‐methoxyquinolones: Syntheses and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Enoua Guy Crepin , Uray Georg , Stadlbauer Wolfgang
Published: January 2011

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Use of Temporary Silicon Tethers in Metal‐Mediated Reactions
Authors: Bracegirdle Sonia , Anderson Edward A.
Published: January 2011

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Entropy Effects in Hydrocarbon Conversion Reactions: Free‐Energy Integrations and Transition‐Path Sampling
Authors: Bucko T. , Hafner J.
Published: January 2011

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Porous Metal Phosphates to Oxophenylphosphates
Authors: Nandi Mahasweta , Bhaumik Asim , Mal Nawal K.
Published: January 2011

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: BO Chemistry Comes Full Circle
Authors: Westcott Stephen A.
Published: January 2011

Review: 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Methods for Fast Data Acquisition
Authors: Atreya Hanudatta S.
Published: January 2011

Review: 180 refs.
A delay‐oriented prioritization policy based on non‐congestive queuing
Authors: Papastergiou G. , Georgiou C. , Mamatas L. , Tsaoussidis V.
Published: January 2011

In this paper, we depart from our previously proposed Non‐Congestive Queuing (NCQ) mechanism and propose a new scheduling discipline that allows for efficient interoperation of dedicated systems (such as sensor and voice networks) with the Internet. More precisely, our approach provides delay guarantees to applications that do not contribute noticeably to congestion because of their tiny packet sizes and low transmission rates. In addition, our approach uses a second level of prioritization that conditionally favors, in terms of delay, applications with slightly longer packets as well. Based on the NCQ concept, Non‐Congestive Queuing Plus (NCQ+) promotes applications that require comparatively small service times, as long as their total service times cause insignificant delays to other packets in the queue. Therefore, we prioritize packets, and in turn corresponding flows, according to their impact on total delay. We evaluate NCQ+ using ns‐2‐based experiments. Results show that whenever prioritization buffer resources are sufficient, NCQ+ can provide non‐detectable delays to sensor applications and conditionally improve the performance of VoIP applications, while maintaining the impact on the performance of the other flows insignificant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of selective transport in neuronal polarization
Authors: Namba Takashi , Nakamuta Shinichi , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Kaibuchi Kozo
Published: January 2011

Neurons are functionally and morphologically polarized and possess two distinct types of neurites: axons and dendrites. Key molecules for axon formation are transported along microtubules and accumulated at the distal end of the nascent axons. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms involved in selective transport in neurons. In addition, we focus on motor proteins, cargo, cargo adaptors, and the loading and unloading of cargo. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 445–457, 2011
A modified cornish pasty method for ex ovo culture of the chick embryo development
Authors: Nagai Hiroki , Lin Meng‐Chi , Sheng Guojun
Published: January 2011

Chick embryos grown in ex ovo culture by the modified Cornish pasty method reported in Nagai, Lin and Sheng in this issue.