bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal Analysis of Criminal Punishment for Perpetrators of Illegal Mining Criminal Acts Resulting in Forest Damage (Decision Number 495/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Kdi)
Authors: Nola Putra E. C Simanungkalit  , Martono Anggusti  , July Esther  , Judika Atma Togi Manik
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on the analysis of forest damage due to mining activities carried out without permits, which is considered a criminal act. Apart from that, this research also discusses criminal liability and the judge's considerations in imposing penalties related to forest damage caused by illegal mining based on Decision Number: 495/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Kdi. The approach used in this research is normative, involving a statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach, as well as utilizing primary and secondary legal sources from literature studies, with prescriptive analysis. From this research, several conclusions were found. Firstly, mining carried out without a permit in the forest is classified as a criminal act of illegal mining which is regulated in Law Number 3 of 2020 which amends Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining, especially relating to the management of forest areas without permits as stated in listed in Article 78 paragraph (2) letter , in conjunction with Article 50 paragraph (3) letter a, of Law Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry. Second, for criminal liability resulting from misuse of mining business permits which causes forest damage, the sanctions imposed are in the form of prison sentences and fines, which can result in imprisonment for six months and a fine of Rp. 500,000,000.00. If the fine is not paid, it will be replaced by a prison sentence of two months. This is due to the fact that the defendant was legally and convincingly proven to be involved in the act of "taking part in carrying out, using and occupying forest areas illegally".
Analysis the Supreme Court Decision and the Constitutional Court Decision Regarding the Age Limit for Regional Head Candidates
Authors: Bobby Thyas Erlangga  , Karlina D. Bangas  , Ivans Januardy
Published: February 2025

This study purpose to analyze a decision made by Constitutional Court Number 70/PUU-XXII/2024 and the decision made by Supreme Court Number 23 P/HUM/2024  Relate to the age limit for a region head candidates. In the context of the hierarchy of norms in Indonesia, the dualism of authority to examine laws and regulations by the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court often leads to conflicts of substance. The study used in this research is a type of normative juridical research method by approaching the law and case studies to assess whether there is a conflict of norms and legal vacuum. The results show that there are differences in interpretation between the two institutions regarding the minimum age of candidates for regional heads, which has an impact on legal uncertainty. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to reform the mechanism for testing statutory instruments, including the proposal for a single test at the Constitutional Court or the addition of norms to the Supreme Court Law regarding the validity of decisions in the event of changes in statutory norms. Research with the title analysis of this is expected to be a contribution to the optimization of the legal system in Indonesia.
Law Enforcement in Cases of Maltreatment of Minors According to Positive Law and Islamic Law Case Study of Decision Number 4/Pid.Sus/2022/Pn Tte, Decision Number 39/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/Pn Mks, and Decision Number 12/Pid.Sus/2022/Pn Soe
Authors: Okta Thaharah Susanto  , Yusup Hidayat  , Aris Machmud
Published: February 2025

Law enforcement against child abuse crimes in Indonesia still faces various challenges, although the Child Protection Law has provided a strong legal basis. This study aims to analyze the application of law in cases of child abuse based on positive law and Islamic law, and to assess the influence of social and cultural factors that influence the law enforcement process. The research method used is a normative approach with a literature study, in which three court decisions are analyzed as case studies, namely Decision Number 4 / Pid.Sus / 2022 / PN Tte, Decision Number 39 / Pid.Sus-Anak / 2021 / PN Mks, and Decision Number 12 / Pid.Sus / 2022 / PN Soe. The results of the study show variations in the application of sanctions, especially in cases involving child perpetrators and the influence of a culture that is permissive of violence. These factors show inconsistencies in law enforcement that can impact public perceptions of justice. Islamic law offers an alternative approach through the concept of restorative justice, which emphasizes victim recovery and perpetrator rehabilitation, and has the potential to be integrated into the national legal system to strengthen the effectiveness of child protection. This study recommends improving rehabilitation programs for child perpetrators, educating the public to change permissive attitudes towards child abuse, and adopting Islamic legal principles that are oriented towards recovery in the national legal system. These recommendations are expected to strengthen legal protection for children in Indonesia and support the creation of a legal system that is more just and responsive to the rights of children as victims of violence
Analisis Performa Deteksi Penyakit Padi Dengan Model Klasifikasi GambarMenggunakan Teachable Machine
Authors: Hidayatullah Ilham , Septihadi Ali Nugroho , Susanto Fredy , Ryando M. Bucci
Published: February 2025

Penyakit padi menjadi momok bagi petani karena berpotensi menurunkan hasil panen drastis. Deteksi dini penyakit padi krusial untuk menekan kerugian ekonomi. Penelitian ini menganalisis performa model klasifikasi gambar dalam mendeteksi penyakit padi memanfaatkan Teachable Machine. Gambar penyakit padi dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber dan melalui proses prapengolahan untuk meningkatkan kualitas. Model klasifikasi gambar dibangun menggunakan Teachable Machine dengan arsitektur Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan akurasi model klasifikasi gambar sangat memuaskan, mencapai 99%. Model ini efektif dalam mendeteksi penyakit blas, hawar daun bakteri, dan tungau padi. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Teachable Machine berpotensi sebagai alat efektif untuk mendeteksi penyakit padi dengan akurasi tinggi. Dengan demikian, petani dapat melakukan deteksi dini penyakit padi sehingga memungkinkan tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian yang tepat.
Penerapan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penilaian Kinerja Guru
Authors: Rahmawati Amalia , Usnah Amirotul , Sidik Achmad
Published: February 2025

Di SMK Bina Am Ma'Mur, evaluasi kinerja guru masih dilakukan secara manual dan sering menghadapi tantangan seperti subjektivitas dan inkonsistensi. Pendekatan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dipakai guna membuat sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) yang dapat memberi evaluasi kinerja objektif berdasar faktor-faktor seperti disiplin, ketidakhadiran, jumlah jam mengajar, kerja ekstra, dan pengembangan profesional. Skor akhir dihasilkan dengan menghitung bobot setiap kriteria berdasarkan kepentingan relatifnya. Administrasi sekolah dapat menghitung peringkat kinerja guru secara lebih adil dan akurat dengan memakai pendekatan SAW. Metode pengujian kotak hitam digunakan untuk menguji sistem, memperlihatkan sistem tersebut memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna dan beroperasi sebagaimana mestinya. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa SPK berbasis SAW efektif dalam meningkatkan objektivitas penilaian dan mengurangi kesalahan perhitungan.
Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Informasi Inventory Barang Berbasis Web pada PT XYZ
Authors: Aliviyudin Muhamad Yunus , Kurnia Mega Tri , Herdiani Febri Dolis
Published: February 2025

Istilah "inventaris barang" mengacu pada katalog komprehensif dari kepemilikan fisik bisnis. Saat ini, sistem yang ada masih menggunakan Microsoft Excel untuk mendokumentasikan inventaris barang, karena membutuhkan lebih banyak waktu. Untuk mengelola inventaris gudang mereka dengan lebih baik, penelitian ini akan berfokus pada pembuatan dan penerapan aplikasi berbasis web. Sistem ini berguna untuk secara otomatis melacak jumlah stok barang, serta melaporkan barang yang masuk dan keluar. MIS berbasis web ini dibangun dengan menggunakan teknologi-teknologi berikut: PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor), metodologi System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Waterfall, UML (Unified Modelling Language) untuk pemodelan grafis, dan MySQL (My Structured Query Language) untuk manajemen basis data. Selain itu, Bootstrap digunakan untuk membantu pengembangan aplikasi ini. Hasilnya, program ini dapat membuat manajemen inventaris menjadi lebih sederhana, cepat, dan tepat.
Nota científica: Evaluación de un método rápido para la extracción de ADN a partir de aislamientos de Colletotrichum spp.
Authors: Gutiérrez-Góngora Camila , Ferrucho Rosa Lilia , Marín-Ramírez Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Se evaluó la aplicabilidad de un método de extracción de ácidos nucleicos para hongos del género Colletrotrichum basado en el procedimiento desarrollado por Zou et al. (2017). Se modificó el protocolo reportado, para usarlo con cultivos puros del hongo crecidos en PDA. Se evaluaron factores como edad de los aislamientos, tipo de muestra, forma de maceración, y el tiempo de cada paso del proceso. El ADN extraído con este método fue suficiente para realizar la amplificación por PCR de punto final (convencional), lo que sugiere que es un método de extracción que puede ser implementado en laboratorios que requieran procedimientos rápidos y de bajo costo para la detección de Colletotrichum spp.
Evaluación de prácticas utilizadas en la conservación del café húmedo
Authors: Oliveros-Tascón Carlos Eugenio , Pabón Jenny Paola , Trujillo Carlos Andrés , Ramírez César Augusto
Published: February 2025

En algunas regiones de Colombia se comercializa café húmedo, con riesgo de deterioro en su calidad, como se observó en el estudio realizado por Peñuela y Oliveros1, en muestras tomadas en sitios de compra de café húmedo en los departamentos de Caldas, Quindío, Risaralda y Valle del Cauca. En efecto, el 32,4% de las muestras presentaron calificación en la escala de SCAA (Asociación Americana de Cafés Especiales por sus siglas en inglés) inferior a 60 puntos
Conservación del suelo en épocas de altas precipitaciones
Authors: Lince-Salazar Luz Adriana , Castaño Wadi Andrey , Castro Andrés Felipe , Torres Fabio Alexis
Published: February 2025

Los períodos de altas precipitaciones pueden afectar negativamente los suelos, bien sea de forma superficial o profunda. La afectación superficial se caracteriza por procesos de erosión hídrica que incluyen la pérdida de las partículas de suelo de tamaño medio y fino, pertenecientes a los primeros diez centímetros del perfil. La afectación profunda se relaciona con los movimientos en masa y consta de procesos de pérdida rápida de grandes volúmenes de suelo (sin distinción de tamaño de partículas) y subsuelo, que alcanzan varios metros de amplitud y profundidad.
La floraci�n indicador del ataque de la broca
Authors: Arcila-Moreno An�bal
Published: February 2025

En Colombia existen cinco patrones de floraci�n. Estos patrones permiten estimar las �pocas de mayor susceptibilidad de los frutos al ataque de la broca. Cuando una regi�n no cuenta con per�odos secos marcados, debido a la precipitaci�n excesiva durante el a�o, el tipo de floraci�n es igualmente indefinido.
Insecticidas qu�micos recomendados para el control de la broca del caf�
Authors: Arcila-Moreno An�bal
Published: February 2025

Desde la llegada de la broca a Colombia, en Cenicaf� se han evaluado de manera permanente los insecticidas qu�micos, biol�gicos y bot�nicos, con el fin de incluirlos en el manejo integrado. En la actualidad se recomiendan cinco insecticidas qu�micos: Tres organofosforados y dos que contienen diamidas antran�licas. En esta brocarta se dan a conocer aspectos de cada uno de los insecticidas qu�micos recomendados para el control de la broca en Colombia.
John J. Rodger: Criminalising Social Policy: Anti-social and Welfare in De-civilised Society. Willan Publishing, 2008
Authors: Párkányi Eszter
Published: February 2025

The author provides an overview of this volume comparing the Scottish and English welfare state in regards of child protection and family policies.
A rendészeti vezetőképzés hatásai és beválása
Authors: Bokodi Márta , Szakács Édua , Szakács Gábor
Published: February 2025

Based on thousands of interviews, the authors assess the impact and efficiency of the 10 years old law enforcement leadership and master leadership trainings conducted by the Ministry of Interior, Law Enforcement Leadership Training and Research Institute.
Az őrangyal szerepe. Tézisek és antitézisek a közlekedésben
Authors: Pataky Csaba
Published: February 2025

Focusing, inter alia, on traffic management, the author provides an assessment on measures that may reduce the number of the road traffic accidents.
Revised Masses for Low-density Planets Orbiting the Disordered M-dwarf System TOI-1266
Authors: Tyler Dakotah , Petigura Erik A. , Rogers James , Lubin Jack , Seifhart Andreas , Bean Jacob L. , Brady Madison , Luque Rafael
Published: February 2025

We present an analysis of 126 new radial velocity measurements from the MAROON-X spectrograph to investigate the TOI-1266 system, which hosts two known transiting sub-Neptunes at 10.8 and 18.8 days. We integrated our measurements with existing HARPS-N measurements for this system and derived revised masses for TOI-1266 b and c of M

b
= 4.09 ± 0.45M
⊕ and M

c
= 2.64 ± 0.52M
⊕, respectively. The Keplerian fit from the combined datasets enabled an ≈35% and ≈41% improvement in mass precision for planet b and c, respectively, compared to the previously published values. With bulk densities of ρ

b
= 1.25 ± 0.21 g cm−3 and ρ

c
= 1.51 ± 0.39 g cm−3, the planets are among the lowest density sub-Neptunes orbiting an M dwarf. They are both consistent with rocky cores surrounded by hydrogen helium envelopes. TOI-1266 c may also be consistent with a water-rich composition, but we disfavor that interpretation from an Occam's razor perspective.
Strong-lensing Analysis of SPT-CL J2325−4111 and SPT-CL J0049−2440, Two Powerful Cosmic Telescopes (RE > 40″) from the SPT Clusters Sample
Authors: Mahler Guillaume , Sharon Keren , Bayliss Matthew , Bleem Lindsey. E. , Brodwin Mark , Floyd Benjamin , Gassis Raven , Gladders Michael D. , Khullar Gourav , Remolina González Juan D. , Sarkar Arnab
Published: February 2025

We report the results from a study of two massive (M
500c
> 6.0 × 1014
M
⊙) strong-lensing clusters selected from the South Pole Telescope cluster survey for their large Einstein radius (R
E > 40″), SPT-CL J2325−4111 and SPT-CL J0049−2440. Ground-based and shallow Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging indicated extensive strong-lensing evidence in these fields, with giant arcs spanning 18″ and 31″, respectively, motivating further space-based imaging follow-up. Here, we present multiband HST imaging and ground-based Magellan spectroscopy of the fields, from which we compile detailed strong-lensing models. The lens models of SPT-CL J2325−4111 and SPT-CL J0049−2440 were optimized using nine and eight secure multiply imaged systems with a final image-plane rms of 0

.

″

63 and 0

.

″

73, respectively. From the lensing analysis, we measure a projected mass density within 500 kpc of M(<500 kpc) = (7.30 ± 0.07) × 1014
M
⊙ and

M
(
<
500

kpc
)
=
7.1

2

−
0.19

+
0.16

×
1

0
14

M
⊙ for these two clusters, and subhalo mass ratios of 0.12 ± 0.01 and

0.2

1

−
0.05

+
0.07

, respectively. Both clusters produce a large area with high magnification (μ ≥ 3) for a source at z = 9,

A

|
μ
|

≥
3

lens

=
4.9

3

−
0.04

+
0.03

arcmin2 and

A

|
μ
|

≥
3

lens

=
3.6

4

−
0.10

+
0.14

arcmin2, respectively, placing them in the top tier of strong-lensing clusters. We conclude that these clusters are spectacular sightlines for further observations that will reduce the systematic uncertainties due to cosmic variance. This paper provides the community with two additional well-calibrated cosmic telescopes, as strong as the Frontier Fields and suitable for studies of the highly magnified background Universe.
Analysis of the Internal Radial Gradient of Chemical Abundances in Spiral Galaxies from CALIFA
Authors: Cardoso A. F. S. , Cavichia O. , Mollá M. , Sánchez-Menguiano L.
Published: February 2025

The study of chemical evolution is of paramount importance for understanding the evolution of galaxies. Models and observations propose an inside-out mechanism in the formation of spiral galaxy disks, implying a negative radial gradient of elemental abundances when represented on a logarithmic scale. However, in some instances, the observed chemical abundance gradients deviate from a single negative straight line, revealing inner drops or outer flattenings, particularly in more massive galaxies. This study analyzes oxygen abundance gradients in spiral galaxies based on observations from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. Our focus is specifically on examining oxygen abundance gradient profiles, as obtained with data from H ii regions, with a special emphasis on the inner radial gradient. We employ an automated fitting procedure to establish correlations between the physical properties of galaxies and bulges and the presence of these inner drops, seeking potential explanations for these variations in gradient. We find that the different criteria used in the literature to distinguish H ii regions from other ionization sources in the galaxies, such as active galactic nuclei, significantly impact the results, potentially altering abundance gradient profiles and uncovering galaxies with distinct inner drops. Additionally, we analyze the abundance radial gradients to investigate the impact of diffuse ionized gas (DIG) decontamination on oxygen abundances over these inner drops. We observe that DIG, concentrated mainly in the central regions of galaxies, can modify oxygen abundance gradient profiles if left unaddressed.
Signatures of Core-envelope Rotational Misalignment in the Mixed-mode Asteroseismology of Kepler-56
Authors: Ong 王 J. M. Joel 加冕
Published: February 2025

Existing asteroseismic rotational measurements assume that stars rotate around a single axis. However, tidal torques from misaligned companions, or their possible engulfment, may bring the rotational axis of a star's envelope out of alignment with its core, breaking azimuthal symmetry. I derive perturbative expressions for asteroseismic signatures of such hitherto unexamined rotational configurations, under the “shellular approximation” of constant rotation rates on radially stratified mass shells. In the aligned case, the distribution of power between multiplet components is determined by the inclination of the rotational axis; radial differential misalignment causes this to vary from multiplet to multiplet. I examine in particular detail the phenomenology of gravitoacoustic mixed modes as seen in evolved sub- and red giants, where near-resonance avoided crossings may break geometrical degeneracies. Upon applying the revised asteroseismic observational methodology that results from this theoretical discussion to revisit Kepler-56—a red giant with a misaligned planetary system—I find that its core and envelope rotate around different rotational axes. While the rotational axis of its core is indeed misaligned from the orbit normal of its transiting planets (consistently with earlier studies), its envelope's rotational axis is close to lying in the sky plane, and may well be aligned with them. More detailed asteroseismic modeling, and spectroscopic follow-up, will be required to fully elucidate the full spin–orbit geometry of the Kepler-56 system, and potentially discriminate between hypotheses for how it formed.
Asymmetries and Circumstellar Interaction in the Type II SN 2024bch
Authors: Andrews Jennifer E. , Shrestha Manisha , Bostroem K. Azalee , Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Pearson Jeniveve , Fausnaugh M. M. , Sand David J. , Valenti S. , Ravi Aravind P. , Hoang Emily , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Ilyin Ilya , Janzen Daryl , Lundquist M. J. , Meza Nicolás , Smith Nathan , Jha Saurabh W. , Andrews Moira , Farah Joseph , Padilla Gonzalez Estefania , Howell D. Andrew , McCully Curtis , Newsome Megan , Pellegrino Craig , Terreran Giacomo , Wiggins Patrick , Hsu Brian , Christy Collin T. , Franz Noah , Wang Xiaofeng , Liu Jialian , Chen Liyang
Published: February 2025

We present a comprehensive multi-epoch photometric and spectroscopic study of SN 2024bch, a nearby (19.9 Mpc) Type II supernova (SN) with prominent early high-ionization emission lines. Optical spectra from 2.8 days after the estimated explosion reveal narrow lines of H i, He ii, C iv, and N iv that disappear by day 6. High-cadence photometry from the ground and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite show that the SN brightened quickly and reached a peak M

V
 ~ −17.8 mag within a week of explosion, and late-time photometry suggests a 56Ni mass of 0.050 M
⊙. High-resolution spectra from days 7.9 and 43 trace the unshocked circumstellar medium (CSM) and indicate a wind velocity of 30–40 km s−1, a value consistent with a red supergiant (RSG) progenitor. Comparisons between models and the early spectra suggest a pre-SN mass-loss rate of

M
̇

~

1

0

−
3

–
1

0

−
2

M
⊙

yr

−
1

, which is too high to be explained by quiescent mass loss from RSGs, but is consistent with some recent measurements of similar SNe. Persistent blueshifted H i and [O i] emission lines seen in the optical and near-IR spectra could be produced by asymmetries in the SN ejecta, while the multicomponent Hα may indicate continued interaction with an asymmetric CSM well into the nebular phase. SN 2024bch provides another clue to the complex environments and mass-loss histories around massive stars.
Detectability of Emission from Exoplanet Outflows Calculated by pyTPCI, a New 1D Radiation-hydrodynamic Code
Authors: Rosener Riley , Zhang Michael , Bean Jacob L.
Published: February 2025

Photoevaporation in exoplanet atmospheres is thought to contribute to the shaping of the small planet radius valley. Escaping atmospheres have been detected in transmission across a variety of exoplanet types, from hot Jupiters to mini-Neptunes. However, no work has yet considered whether outflows might also be detectable in emission. We introduce pyTPCI, a new, open-source self-consistent 1D radiative-hydrodynamics code that is an improved version of The PLUTO-CLOUDY Interface. We use pyTPCI to model seven exoplanets (HD 189733b, HD 209458b, WASP-69b, WASP-107b, TOI-1430b, TOI-560b, and HAT-P-32b) at varying metallicities and compute their emission spectra to investigate their detectability across a variety of spectral lines. We calculate the eclipse depths and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of these lines for a 10 m class telescope with a high-resolution spectrograph, taking into account appropriate line broadening mechanisms. We show that the most detectable spectral lines tend to be the 589 nm Na i doublet and the 1083 nm metastable helium triplet. Hα and Mg i 457 nm are moderately strong for some planets at some metallicities, but they are almost always optically thin, so some of their emission may not be from the outflow. The planet with the highest-flux, highest-eclipse-depth, and highest-SNR lines is HD 189733b, with a Na i eclipse depth of 410 ppm and SNR of 2.4 per eclipse, and a He* eclipse depth of 170 ppm and SNR of 1.3. These signals would be marginally detectable with Keck if 3–10 eclipses were observed, assuming (over optimistically) photon limited observations.
The Sunburst Arc with JWST. III. An Abundance of Direct Chemical Abundances
Authors: Welch Brian , Rivera-Thorsen T. Emil , Rigby Jane R. , Hutchison Taylor A. , Olivier Grace M. , Berg Danielle A. , Sharon Keren , Dahle Håkon , Owens M. Riley , Bayliss Matthew B. , Khullar Gourav , Chisholm John , Hayes Matthew , Kim Keunho J.
Published: February 2025

We measure the gas-phase abundances of the elements He, N, O, Ne, S, Ar, and Fe in an individual H ii region known to be leaking Lyman-continuum photons in the Sunburst Arc, a highly magnified galaxy at redshift z = 2.37. We detect the temperature-sensitive auroral lines [S ii]
λλ4070, 4076, [O iii] λ4363, [S iii] λ6314, [O ii] λλ7320, 7330, and [Ne iii] λ3343 in a stacked spectrum of five multiple images of the Lyman-continuum emitter (LCE), from which we directly measure the electron temperature in the low-, intermediate-, and high-ionization zones. We also detect the density-sensitive doublets of [O ii] λλ3727, 3730, [S ii] λλ6718, 6733, and [Ar iv] λλ4713, 4741, which constrain the density in both the low- and high-ionization gas. With these temperature and density measurements, we measure gas-phase abundances with similar rigor as studies of local galaxies and H ii regions. We measure a gas-phase metallicity for the LCE of

12
+
log
(
O
/
H
)
=
7.97
±
0.05

, and find an enhanced nitrogen abundance

log
(
N
/
O
)
=
−
0.6

5

−
0.25

+
0.16

. This nitrogen abundance is consistent with enrichment from a population of Wolf–Rayet stars, additional signatures of which are reported in a companion paper. Abundances of sulfur, argon, neon, and iron are consistent with local low-metallicity H ii regions and low-redshift galaxies. This study represents the most complete chemical abundance analysis of an individual H ii region at Cosmic Noon to date, which enables direct comparisons between local H ii regions and those in the distant Universe.
FEASTS: Radial Distribution of H i Surface Densities Down to 0.01 M⊙ pc−2 of 35 Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Wang 王 Jing 菁 , Yang 杨 Dong 冬 , Lin 林 Xuchen 旭辰 , Huang 黄 Qifeng 齐丰 , Qu 屈 Zhijie 稚杰 , Chen 陳 Hsiao-wen 曉雯 , Guo 郭 Hong 宏 , Ho 何 Luis C. 子山 , Jiang 姜 Peng 鹏 , Liang 梁 Zezhong 泽众 , Péroux Céline , Staveley-Smith Lister , Weng Simon
Published: February 2025

We present the H i surface density (ΣH i
) radial distributions based on total-power H i images obtained by FAST in the FEASTS program, for 35 galaxies with inclinations lower than 72°. We derive the H i radius R
001, which is the radius for the 0.01 M
⊙ pc−2 (~1018.1 cm−2) isodensity level, 100 times deeper than the 1 M
⊙ pc−2 level previously commonly used to measure R
1. The profile shapes show a large diversity at a given radius in units of kpc, group virial radius, and R
1, but they align more tightly with the radius normalized by R
001. The universal H i profile has a scatter of ~0.2 dex and a scale length of ~0.11R
001 in the outer region. We derive a new R
001–M
H i
relation, which has a scatter of 0.03 dex and a similar slope of ~​​​​​​0.5 to the previously known R
1–M
H i
relation. Excluding strongly tidal-interacting galaxies, the ratio R
001/R
1 (anti)correlates strongly and significantly with the H i-to-stellar mass ratio and specific star formation rate, but not with the stellar mass, M
H i
, dark matter mass, or star formation rate. The strongly tidal-interacting galaxies tend to show deviations from these trends and have the most flattened profiles. These results imply that, in the absence of major tidal interactions, physical processes must cooperate so that ΣH i
distributes in a self-similar way in the outer region down to the 0.01 M
⊙ pc−2 level. Moreover, they may drive gas flows in such a way that H i-richer galaxies have H i disks that not only extend further but also transport H i inward more efficiently from R
001 to R
1.
Dark Galactic Subhalos and the Gaia Snail
Authors: Gilman Daniel , Bovy Jo , Frankel Neige , Benson Andrew
Published: February 2025

Gaia has revealed a clear signal of disequilibrium in the solar neighborhood in the form of a spiral (or snail) feature in the vertical phase-space distribution. We investigate the possibility that this structure emerges from ongoing perturbations by dark

1

0

6

M

⊙

−
1

0

8

M

⊙

Galactic subhalos. We develop a probabilistic model for generating subhalo orbits based on a semianalytic model of structure formation, and combine this framework with an approximate prescription for calculating the response of the disk to external perturbations. We also develop a phenomenological treatment for the diffusion of phase-space spirals caused by gravitational scattering between stars and giant molecular clouds, a process that erases the kinematic signatures of old (t ≳ 0.6 Gyr) events. Perturbations caused by dark subhalos are, on average, orders of magnitude weaker than those caused by luminous satellite galaxies, but the ubiquity of dark halos predicted by cold dark matter makes them a more probable source of strong perturbation to the dynamics of the solar neighborhood. Dark subhalos alone do not cause enough disturbance to explain the Gaia snail, but they excite fluctuations of ∼0.1–0.5 km s−1 in the mean vertical velocity of stars near the Galactic midplane that should persist to the present day. Subhalos also produce correlations between vertical frequency and orbital angle that could be mistaken as originating from a single past disturbance. Our results motivate investigation of the Milky Way's dark satellites by characterizing their kinematic signatures in phase-space spirals across the Galaxy.
Ariel’s Medial Grooves: Spreading Centers on a Candidate Ocean World
Authors: Beddingfield Chloe B. , Cartwright Richard J. , Jozwiak Lauren M. , Nordheim Tom A. , Patterson G. Wes
Published: February 2025

We present evidence that Ariel's massive chasma-medial groove systems formed via spreading, where internally sourced material ascended and formed new crust. Evidence for this interpretation includes close alignment of offset faults and chasma margins during reconstruction, axial troughs bounded by raised rims, bowed-up chasma floors with marginal valleys, subparallel chasma floor ridges, and relatively young medial groove–bounding terrain. Ariel's medial grooves are among the youngest known Uranian moon geologic features and might be conduits to the interior and the source of NH-bearing species, CO, CO2, and other potential internally derived volatiles detected on the surface. While medial grooves are observable in Brownie and Kewpie Chasmata, our results indicate that these features are also present below Voyager 2 Imaging Science System image resolutions in Korrigan, Pixie, and Sylph Chasmata. Close flybys of Ariel with a Uranus orbiter are imperative to uncover the nature of these curious features and to gain insight into this moon's most recent geologic events.
A genetically confirmed hybrid between Natrix astreptophora and N. maura, two deeply divergent and ancient snake species
Authors: Criado-Flórez Andrea , González de la Vega Juan Pablo , Martínez del Marmol Gabriel , Fritz Uwe
Published: February 2025

Using two mitochondrial DNA fragments and six nuclear genes, we confirmed that a morphologically intermediate snake, captured in Andalusia, southwestern Spain (municipality of Huelva), was an F1 hybrid between a female Natrix astreptophora and a male N. maura. The two parental species diverged 21.5 million years ago, which is why their capability to hybridize is remarkable. The interspecific mating could have been facilitated by the rarity of N. astreptophora and the abundance of N. maura in southwestern Spain, making it difficult for N. astreptophora females to find conspecific males. In the face of previously published genomic signatures for ancient gene flow between N. astreptophora and N. maura, our finding raises the question of whether occasional hybridization still contributes to a continued exchange of genetic information between these two deeply divergent and old taxa.
New members of Alternaria (Pleosporales, Pleosporaceae) collected from Apiaceae in Algeria
Authors: Bessadat Nabahat , Bataillé-Simoneau Nelly , Colou Justine , Hamon Bruno , Mabrouk Kihal , Simoneau Philippe
Published: February 2025

Alternaria species have often been reported as plant pathogens and are commonly isolated from diseased plant hosts. During an investigation of this genus in Algeria, seven Embellisia-like isolates were collected from Apiaceae. Phylogenetic analysis using sequences at four loci, the internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA region (ITS), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (rpb2), revealed that these isolates grouped into three sections, namely Embellisia, Embellisioides, and Eureka. Four isolates had significant differences with their closest species and were determined to be new species, namely Alternaria longiformis and A. radicicolaspp. nov. The three other isolates of section Eureka were identified as A. eureka and A. hungarica, the latter species being described as a new record in Algeria. Detailed descriptions of new species are provided based on colony color, aspect, diameter, conidial size, septa, sporulation patterns and compared with other relevant Alternaria species within same sections. All these species were weakly pathogenic on carrot, coriander, and fennel under greenhouse experiments. Apiaceae may constitute a reservoir of Alternaria species that could represent potential pathogens for other plant families.
On Cytheridella whitmani sp. nov. (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Cape Cod (Massachusetts, USA), with a reappraisal of the taxonomy of the genus
Authors: Martens Koen , Almeida Nadiny Martins de , Shribak Michael , Higuti Janet , Schön Isa
Published: February 2025

Cytheridella whitmani Martens, sp. nov. is described from lakes on Cape Cod (MA, USA). The species differs from its congeners mainly by the shape of the female carapace and by the morphology of the hemipenis, especially of the distal lobe and the copulatory process. The literature on the genus is reviewed and the synonymy of the fossil Cytheridella boldii Purper, 1974 with the type species C. ilosvayi Daday, 1905, both described from South America, is confirmed. The status of Cytheridella americana (Furtos, 1936) is reverted to that of “uncertain species”. Beside the type species and the new species, the genus currently includes only three further species from Africa: C. monodi Klie, 1936, C. damasi Klie, 1944 (with synonym C. chariessa Rome, 1977), and C. tepida Victor, 1987. The morphology of the new species is discussed in comparison with the congeneric species, especially regarding the valve ornamentation, the structure and function of the third thoracopod, the hemipenis and the caudal ramus. It is suggested that C. whitmani is a recent invasive species in the lakes of the Cape Cod peninsula. Its occurrence at northern latitudes is unexpected, as its congeneric species are consistently (sub-) tropical.
Okraïna (1933)
Authors: Sumpf Alexandre , Pozner Valérie
Published: February 2025

Réalisé en 1932, à la ﬁn d’une période proliﬁque de représentations du premier conflit mondial sur les écrans soviétiques, Okraïna scelle la rencontre entre un réalisateur original régulièrement attaqué par la critique et marginalisé et le genre « historico-révolutionnaire » imposé aux studios soviétiques par le régime. Le ﬁlm fédère le public soviétique et occidental, sensible à l’inventivité du cinéaste qui a choisi de placer la focale à l’arrière et sur les petits riens du quotidien de guerre. Dans un contexte d’apogée du paciﬁsme européen nourri par une intense circulation de textes et de ﬁlms, le premier ﬁlm sonore de Barnet est une réussite esthétique qui remporte le succès public et critique en URSS comme en Occident. Sa singularité au sein de la production mondiale traitant de la Grande Guerre en fait l’une des œuvres les plus marquantes de l’époque et explique qu’il ait été projeté à toutes les époques.
Des écoles de dessin pour les jeunes filles. L’exemple de Limoges, années 1850-1880
Authors: Enfert (d’) Renaud
Published: February 2025

Au xix e siècle, les cours publics et les écoles de dessin qui se multiplient à travers la France sont en premier lieu des institutions masculines. Dès le début du siècle, toutefois, des institutions féminines ouvrent leurs portes, essentiellement à Paris, et il faut attendre le Second Empire pour que celles-ci commencent à se développer durablement en province. Les formations graphiques organisées à Limoges en direction des jeunes ﬁlles, pour alimenter en main-d’œuvre qualiﬁée l’industrie de la porcelaine, sont un exemple précoce de ce mouvement provincial : aux cours de dessin et de peinture sur porcelaine organisés spécialement à leur intention par la Société d’agriculture, sciences et arts de la ville à partir de 1853-1854 viennent s’ajouter les enseignements féminins de l’École des beaux-arts appliqués à l’industrie ouverte en 1868 à l’instigation de l’amateur d’art Adrien Dubouché, puis nationalisée en 1881. Fondé principalement sur un dépouillement du Bulletin de la Société d’agriculture et des archives locales, cet article examine les conditions locales de création et le développement de ces formations graphiques féminines au regard la dynamique d’ensemble des années 1850-1880, ainsi que les motivations qui animent leurs promoteurs. Il met notamment en évidence l’émulation suscitée entre les jeunes gens et les jeunes ﬁlles au proﬁt de ces dernières dont les qualités sont fortement valorisées, certains voyant en elles la relève d’une partie de la main-d’œuvre masculine.
Le genre de la formation professionnelle agricole Le cas de la viticulture française (1880-1960)
Authors: Escudier Jean-Louis
Published: February 2025

Cet article vise à apprécier dans quelle mesure l’enseignement agricole a doté les jeunes ﬁlles d’une formation technique spéciﬁque à la ﬁlière vitivinicole. L’objet de la première partie est d’analyser deux rendez-vous manqués de la formation professionnelle des viticultrices : celui du greffage consécutif à la crise phylloxérique et celui de la Première Guerre mondiale, où la mobilisation générale provoqua une réflexion aussi pertinente que fugace sur le bien-fondé de la formation des femmes aux tâches viticoles. Dans une seconde partie, nous explicitons comment l’enseignement agricole ménager, balbutiant et informel durant les années 1900-1910 et institutionnalisé par la loi du 2 août 1918, pérennisa une forte différenciation genrée de l’activité viticole. Enﬁn dans une troisième partie, focalisée sur les années 1950-1960, nous mettons en évidence le développement de l’enseignement agricole ménager. Au travers de l’exemple du « Cours ménager de Bessan » dans l’Hérault, nous pointons le complet décalage entre l’enseignement divulgué aux élèves et leur environnement exclusivement viticole.
Introduction : Joining the Histories of Oil and Environment
Authors: Mody Cyrus C.M. , Schleper Simone , Melsted Odinn
Published: February 2025

Cette introduction résume les tendances de l’état de l’art existante sur l’énergie, le pétrole et l’environnement. Nous identifions trois domaines dans lesquels le dialogue entre les domaines de l’histoire de l’énergie et de l’histoire de l’environnement peut être renforcé : 1) la conceptualisation des environnements ; 2) l’interaction en réseau et en constante évolution de multiples environnements et formes d’énergie ; 3) et la fluidité des agendas environnementales et intentions des acteurs du business de l’énergie. Comme vous le verrez dans le sommaire du cet dossier spécial et dans notre résumé des articles ci-dessous, nous avons organisé le dossier en trois sections correspondant à ces trois points. Dans cette introduction, nous expliquons comment les articles de ce numéro abordent ces trois thèmes plus larges.
Contesting cornucopia : Life and death of the Mexico City refinery, 1932-2010
Authors: de los Reyes
Patiño Reynaldo
Published: February 2025

Dans cet article, j’examine la manière dont divers groupes ont réagi aux menaces environnementales posées par le fonctionnement de la raffinerie de Mexico et son héritage post-industriel. En m’appuyant principalement sur les archives de la compagnie pétrolière publique PEMEX, les archives nationales mexicaines et les journaux, je montre comment la pression soutenue de l’activisme urbain, des experts et des mouvements écologiques a été cruciale pour plaider en faveur de la fermeture de la raffinerie et pour façonner sa transformation en parc. Alors que les améliorations environnementales sont souvent considérées comme le résultat d’une volonté politique ou d’avancées technologiques, cet article met en lumière le rôle essentiel joué par les personnes directement touchées par la pollution industrielle dans la conduite du changement et la promotion de la justice environnementale.
Quand le privé « fabrique » des « hauts fonctionnaires »
Authors: Morenas Arthur
Published: February 2025

Les scandales de corruption de ces dernières années au Pérou ont remis en lumière l’existence d’un système politico-administratif fondé sur des circulations entre espaces « publics » et « privés ». Cet article invite à appréhender ces revolving doors au-delà de la seule question du conflit d’intérêts pour s’intéresser à ce que celles-ci révèlent des luttes et rapports de force destinés à préserver, ou au contraire faire évoluer, les caractéristiques légitimes des détenteurs du pouvoir d’État. Plus particulièrement, il s’attache à réancrer l’étude de ces circulations à l’environnement social et politique les permettant. De même, l’article insiste sur la nécessité de rendre compte des dimensions sociologiques plus larges qui sous-tendent ces circulations, rappelant que les stratégies de professionnalisation (et de circulations) ne sont pas les mêmes en fonction de l’origine sociale des fonctionnaires.
Comment incarner l’Union ?
Authors: Hamm Marylou
Published: February 2025

La gestion de la crise grecque a suscité nombre de diagnostics critiques qui y décèlent la consécration d’un pouvoir technocratique et austéritaire peu soucieux du respect des règles européennes. Cet article, en partant de l’analyse sociologique du travail normatif des personnels d’un service de la Commission européenne appelé « task force pour la Grèce », montre l’intérêt de dépasser une telle lecture afin de comprendre les effets de l’exceptionnalité sur les acteurs au cœur des politiques de crise. La crise grecque a constitué une épreuve, en ce qu’elle a rendu problématiques l’intervention et sa possible conformation aux règles européennes. En ressort une communication critique étonnante de la part d’un service apparemment technique, qui cherche à incarner un rétablissement du rôle de « bureaucrate européen », au risque de mettre à mal la cohérence institutionnelle dans la crise. Les tensions révélées par l’enquête se comprennent à la lumière croisée des contextes d’intervention, des acteurs et de leurs interprétations dans le cours de leurs activités. Se dessine une autre histoire de la gestion de la crise grecque, jusqu’alors trop souvent vue comme apolitique au cœur.
Cyberattaque d’un établissement : quelle conduite en pratique ?
Authors: Houtain Serge
Published: February 2025

La bonne question à se poser : non pas SI vous subirez une cyberattaque, mais QUAND cela arrivera-t-il ? Anticiper pour vous préparer à faire face à une situation de crise est la première chose à faire. Comment ? Notamment en mesurant les différents impacts d’une cyberattaque sur la disponibilité, la confidentialité, et l’authenticité de vos données. Pour cela, l’analyse de risques est primordiale, tout comme le plan de sécurité, le plan de continuité d’activités. Inventoriez vos actifs (les valeurs à protéger), préparez vos check-lists, votre plan de communication, les listes de contacts, vérifiez et testez vos back-up, définissez clairement les rôles de chacun(e). Recensez les partenaires externes pouvant apporter une aide, comme votre fournisseur internet, une société de cybersécurité, les autorités (Cert.be, enquêteurs spécialisés de la police ou de la gendarmerie, Anssi). N’oubliez pas les sous-traitants de la chaîne logistique. Enfin, ne perdez pas de vue l’impact psychologique que peut engendrer une cyberattaque sur différentes catégories de personnel.
Par le jeu, rien n’est impossible !
Authors: Lemesle Auriane , Terrien Noémie , Lucas Marion , Browaeys Laurence
Published: February 2025

Objectif . L’ambition de l’outil «  escape game  » présenté est de créer une émulation positive autour de la sécurité numérique, en diversifiant les modalités d’apprentissage et en introduisant une méthode ludique et pragmatique. Méthode. L’ escape game reproduit des situations réelles et crédibles dans lesquelles les participants peuvent se reconnaître. Ces mises en situation permettent une prise de conscience du risque simulé, ce qui garantit une très bonne appropriation des messages. Résultats . Sant’escape – Sécurité numérique s’adresse à tous types de professionnels sans prérequis de compétences numériques. Fin février 2022, plus de 734 participants ont pu bénéficier d’une session de sensibilisation : infirmiers, directeurs, agents de restauration, médecins, experts de la cybersécurité, comptables, équipes informatiques…  Conclusion. Comme le partage et la mutualisation font partie de nos valeurs, nous avons souhaité pouvoir faire bénéficier les acteurs des secteurs sanitaire et social hors Pays de la Loire de nos outils. À cet effet, nous avons signé un protocole d’accord avec Orange Cyberdéfense permettant à l’entreprise de proposer une licence d’utilisation d’un escape game santé décliné de Sant’escape – Sécurité numérique sans que les structures aient à s’affranchir des coûts de création du contenu et d’adaptation du scénario.
I-PASS, un programme de structuration et de fiabilisation des transmissions en milieu de soins
Authors: Staines Anthony , Coelho Veronica , Farin Alexandre , Baralon Christian , Starmer Amy
Published: February 2025

La littérature scientifique converge dans ses constats de déperdition importante d’informations lors des transmissions entre professionnels, entre équipes et entre services. La piste principale, pour fiabiliser les transmissions, est leur structuration, leur normalisation et la reformulation de l’information par le receveur qui permet de s’assurer de la bonne compréhension du message. I-PASS a été élaboré comme une réponse à ces défis, dans la mouvance de la méthode TeamSTEPPS de formation au travail en équipe pour la sécurité des patients. Par son intitulé, ce programme est conçu comme un outil mnémotechnique pour structurer les transmissions en cinq étapes : Identification de la gravité de la situation du patient ; Patient – résumé clinique ; Actions à entreprendre ; Situation – conscience de la situation et enjeux de sécurité ; Synthèse par le receveur. Il comprend également une session de formation, un atelier de simulation pour s’exercer à l’utilisation de l’outil, un module de formation en ligne, ainsi que des grilles d’observation pour évaluer la performance des transmissions et des ressources pour le mettre en œuvre. Une étude réalisée au sein de neuf services de pédiatrie a montré une association entre la mise en place du programme et une réduction de 30% des événements indésirables évitables. Les recherches sur son implémentation montrent que la formation est appréciée, mais elles mettent également en évidence la nécessité d’accompagner des équipes et de permettre un ajustement du contenu de chaque étape d’I-PASS aux besoins du service concerné.