bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rethinking of the knowledge base for teaching through duoethnography reflective inquiry
Authors: Fitriyana Yatiman Rizki , Abdulillah Reza , Nur Hilmy Naufal Nur Hilmy , Budiyanti Setia
Published: June 2024

This article explores our formation, transformation, and scrutiny into our teaching practice using a duoethnography reflective inquiry. The purpose of the duoethnographic inquiry was to reexamine our understanding of the knowledge base for language teaching. The context of our reflective autoethnography inquiry was the school teaching practicum that we experienced at the beginning of the seventh semester of our teacher education program. Throughout the teaching practicum program, we engaged in four duoethnographic reflective dialogues facilitated by our faculty advisors to share stories from our teaching practices. The objective of the dialogues was to reflect on our teaching experience and reexamine our understanding of “what counts as knowledge for language teaching.” The analysis of our duoethnographic reflective dialogues revealed that we relied more on a) the knowledge-in-person and in-place, and b) knowledge for teaching as the primary base for our teaching than those of c) disciplinary knowledge and d) knowledge of pedagogy. Below, we outline the segments of conversation that reflected how we relied on our practices on a) the knowledge-in-person and in-place and b) knowledge for teaching.
The hidden nature of sibling sexual abuse: when sexually harmful behaviour masquerades as consensual sexual experimentation
Authors: Sanderson Christiane
Published: June 2024

Whilst the majority of sibling relationships are generally benign in providing an additional secure attachment figure and source of comfort in which they can grow and flour- ish, some are highly competitive, full of envy, rivalry, and resentment, which can lead to physical and sexual violence. It is estimated that sibling sexual abuse (SSA) is three to four times more common than adult to child sexual abuse (CSA) in the family. Lack of knowl- edge, research, and discourse on psychosexual development in children and the nature of SSA has led both parents, child protection professionals, and clinicians to normalise sexual interactions between siblings, and to minimise these as less harmful than generational CSA. To ensure that sibling sexual interactions, their impact, and long-term effects are fully understood, it is essential that parents and practitioners understand what constitutes harmful sexual behaviour (HSB) between siblings and be able to distinguish between developmentally typical sexual behaviour and developmentally atypical sexual behaviour in children. In recognising the nature, concomitant risk factors, impact, and long-term effects of SSA, parents and professionals will be more able to bear witness to the lived experience of SSA and facilitate the healing process.
Why we need to talk about Bruno... attachment perspectives on Encanto and the problem with burying grief
Authors: Brown Kate
Published: June 2024

This article examines themes of intergenerational trauma in the Disney film Encanto, and the relevance these themes might have for therapists working with those who suffer from intergenerational trauma. The film centres on the Madrigal family, a Columbian family who live in an unnamed village in an enchanted house, having been forced to move to flee violence. Members of the Madrigal family have special gifts. However, there is one member of the family, Mirabel, who does not appear to have a gift. It is Mirabel who notices the cracks in the foundations of the house (a metaphor for her family and their lives), and despite feeling inferior and different to her siblings and cousins is able to investigate further. She challenges the family culture, and goes in search of the mysterious Uncle Bruno. She then gathers the strength to embrace her sister with whom she had a conflicted relationship, and finally confronts her grandmother and the impact of her unresolved trauma. Drawing from Winnicott's concept of "false self", Bowlby's understanding of the impact of loss, and Herman's notions concerning the role of community in healing from trauma, inferences are made about the implications of these themes for therapeutic work.
Boarding school syndrome and sibling relationships
Authors: Schaverien Joy
Published: June 2024

A review of the literature on "boarding school syndrome" reveals very little about the impact on sibling attachments of children raised in a boarding school. Such children grow up as part of a multigenerational "sibling" and social group with its own rules and cultural norms. After initial confusion children adapt to living amongst strangers; whilst some flourish, many struggle to adapt to living in a group. This article revisits some of the interviews conducted when researching the book Boarding School Syndrome (Schaverien, 2015) with additional and more recent material. In the book there were stories of siblings separated by the stay of one, or both of them, in boarding school. The focus was on children who were sent away and the multiple losses suffered by these children. Here the aim is to focus on the psychological impact of being raised as a member of a large boarding school group, and on sibling relationships, including the immense losses suffered by sibling(s) left at home.
Female perpetrators in intimate partner violence: perverse safe havens
Authors: Motz Anna
Published: June 2024

This article considers the often-neglected role of women as intimate partner terror-ists within relationships and explores the ways that female aggression is manifested through psychological as well as physical means of intimidation. Using anonymised clinical material, the author discusses the development of toxic dynamics within an intimate partnership, the pathways through which early traumatic experience creates later destructive re-enactments and how forensic psychotherapy can be undertaken successfully, highlighting the pitfalls. The role of animal cruelty in abusive intimate partner relationships is discussed, with reference to the link between animal abuse and domestic abuse. The function of these violent destructive dynamics to serve as “perverse safe havens” within couples and the wider family systems is outlined. These entrenched dynamics maintain dysfunctional and abusive relation-ships but the harm they inflict is manifold and when breaking point is reached, foren-sic psychotherapy can enable essential changes to occur, as the clinical example demonstrates.
Pattern of SAQ Used in MBBS First Professional Anatomy Question Papers of Public Universities of Bangladesh
Authors: Manara Anju , Ayub Mahmuda , Hossain Sharmin , Islam Chowdhury Md Ashraful , Nain Julkar
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Assessment is a very important method of measurement of medical education. Anatomy is an essential part of undergraduate medical curriculum. Short answer question (SAQ) has a better content coverage as compared to long essay question.
 Objective: To be assess the pattern of SAQ in MBBS first professional written anatomy question papers of public universities of Bangladesh.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Armed Forces Medical College in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Cantonment. For this study, SAQ papers of anatomy of nine first professional MBBS examinations of Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Dhaka University (DU) and Chittagong University (CU) from May 2017 to November 2021were collected. These were classified as parts and segments. Each segment was categorized as definition, draw and label, unique and open type. They werecalculated as number of segments as well as total weightage.
Result: On analysis it was found that the percentage of weightage of definition type questions of BUP, DU and CU were 3.53±2.03, 2.43±1.42 and 2.89±1.12; draw and label type 12.84±4.44, 15.98±3.13,17.053±.65; unique type 24.16±9.88,31.33±6.14, 26.47±3.84 and for open type 56.13±4.77,60.72±5.15, 53.73+5.29. Significant difference was found in draw and label type question in between BUP and CU, in unique type question in between BUP and DU and DU and CU, in open type question in between DU and CU.
Conclusion: Different types of SAQ are used to determine the level of cognitive domain. Proper distribution of types of SAQ shall ensure the proportion of these domain mentioned in the curriculum.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 19, No 2(December) 2023: 7-11
Level of Physical Condition of Students in Extracurricular Basketball at State High Schools in North Bengkulu Regency
Authors: Adnin Aditya M. Radiko , Syafrial  , Yarmani
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kondisi fisik siswa pada ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMA Negeri se-Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler bola basket yang berjumlah 38 orang diantarannya 14 atlet dari SMA Negeri 1 Bengkulu Utara, 12 atlet dari SMA Negeri 2 Bengkulu Utara, dan 12 atlet dari SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu Utara. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kondisi fisik untuk atlet bola basket, yaitu tes daya tahan vo2max dengan lari 15 menit, tes daya tahan otot lengan dengan push up, tes kelincahan dengan shuttle run, tes kecepatan dengan lari 50 meter, dan tes daya ledak otot tungkai dengan vertical jump. Dari analisis data dan pembahasan hasil penelitian, dapat diambil kesimpulan yaitu tingkat kondisi fisik siswa ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMA Negeri Se-Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara berada pada kategori kurang dengan memiliki nilai rata-rata 5,38 yang berarti berpedsoman dalam norma yang ada menunjukkan kategori kurang.
Kata Kunci: Bola Basket, Ekstrakurikuler, Kondisi Fisik
Abstract
This study aims to determine the level of physical condition of students in extracurricular basketball at State High Schools in North Bengkulu Regency. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative. The population and samples in this study were students who participated in extracurricular basketball totaling 38 people including 14 athletes from SMA Negeri 1 North Bengkulu, 12 athletes from SMA Negeri 2 North Bengkulu, and 12 athletes from SMA Negeri 3 North Bengkulu. Samples taken using the total sampling technique. The research instrument used is a physical condition test for basketball athletes, namely the vo2max endurance test with a 15-minute run, the arm muscle endurance test with push up, the agility test with shuttle run, the speed test with a 50-meter run, and the leg muscle explosiveness test with a vertical jumpFrom the data analysis and discussion of the research results, it can be concluded that the level of physical condition of extracurricular basketball students of State High Schools in North Bengkulu Regency is in the deficient category by having an average value of 5.38, which means that guided by the existing norms, it shows a deficient category
Keywords: Basketball, Extracurricular, Physical Condition.
Analisis Perangkat Pembelajaran Guru PJOK SMP Negeri Di Kepahiang
Authors: Azizirahman Muhammad Ilham , Sugihartono Tono , Sutisyana Ari , Syafrial
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perangkat Pembelajaran Guru PJOK SMP Negeri di Kepahiang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitataif. Metode penelitiannya yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah Kepala atau wakil Kepala sekolah SMP Negeri di Kepahiang. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, display data, kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil dari Penelitian ini didapat bahwa RPP Guru PJOK SMP Negeri di Kepahiang berada pada kategori “Baik Sekali” dengan persentase sebanyak 92%. LKPD Guru PJOK SMP Negeri di Kepahiang berada pada kategori “Cukup” dengan persentase sebanyak 60%. Bahan ajar Guru PJOK SMP Negeri di Kepahiang berada pada kategori “Baik” dengan persentase sebanyak 78%. Penilaian Pembelajaran guru PJOK SMP Negeri di Kepahiang berada pada kategori “Baik Sekali” dengan persentase 94%.dan Keseluruhan Komponen Perangkat Pembelajaran Guru PJOK SMPN di Kepahiang berada pada kategori “Baik Sekali” dengan persentase sebanyak 83%.
Kata kunci : Guru, Perangkat Pembelajaran, PJOK.
Abstract
This research aims to determine the Learning Tools for State Middle School PJOK Teachers in Kepahiang. The type of research used is qualitative research. The research method is using a qualitative descriptive method. The research subjects were the principals or deputy principals of state junior high schools in Kepahiang. Using observation, questionnaire and documentation data collection techniques. Data analysis used in this research is data reduction, data display, conclusions/verification. The results of this research showed that the RPP for Public Middle School PJOK Teachers in Kepahiang was in the "Very Good" category with a percentage of 92%. The LKPD for State Middle School PJOK Teachers in Kepahiang is in the "Enough" category with a percentage of 60%. The for teaching materials for Public Middle School PJOK teachers in Kepahiang is in the "Good" category with a percentage of 78%. The Learning Assessment for State Middle School PJOK teachers in Kepahiang are in the "Very Good" category with a percentage of 94%. And the for Overall Components of Learning Tools for State Middle School PJOK Teachers in Kepahiang are in the "Very Good" category with a percentage of 83%.
Keywords: PJOK ,Learning Tools, Teachers.
Japonya Siyasal Sisteminin Modern Otoriter Eğilimler ve Demokratik Gerileme Ekseninde Analizi
Authors: Karadağ Ahmet , Ceyhan Nurcan
Published: June 2024

Demokrasinin 21. yüzyıl ile beraber bir kriz içerisinde olduğu ve siyasal seçimlerden ibaret bir anlayışa indirgendiği iddialarıyla sıklıkla karşılaşılmaktadır. Özünde otoriter olan ancak şekilsel anlamda demokratik görünüme sahip siyasal sistemlerin olağanlaşması da bahsi geçen savı desteklemektedir. Söz konusu gelişmeler hem yeni demokrasilerde hem de olgun demokrasilerde gözlemlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda modern otoriter dalganın sirayet ettiği Asya coğrafyasında yer alan Japonya, siyasal sistemin yapısal dinamikleri ve işleyişi ile dikkat çekmektedir. Liberal Demokrat Parti’nin (LDP) uzun süreli siyasal hegemonyası, parti iç dinamiklerinin kalıtsal niteliği, seçim sisteminin sebep olduğu asimetrik temsil ile yolsuzluk iddiaları Japonya’yı önemli bir çalışma konusu haline getirmektedir. Modern otoriter eğilimler çerçevesinde Japonya siyasal sistemini ele alan bu çalışma, sistemin aksaklıklarını öne çıkararak Japonya’nın modern otoriter eğilimlerden bağışık olup olmadığına yönelik genel hatları ile bir değerlendirme yapılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Demokratik gerilemeye ait dinamiklerin bir kısmının sisteme eklemlenmeye başladığı ancak modern otoriter eğilimler öncesinde de sorun teşkil eden yapıların var olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır.
Impact of the AI Dependency Revolution on Both Physical and Mental Health
Authors: Ali Kashish , Garcia Autumn , Vadsariya Alina
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers capabilities beyond human performance, which has led to the global transformation of various industries, sectors, and other elements of our daily lives. Whether we use an application like Siri to send a text message or facial recognition to access a device, AI is an integral part of everyday technology. Artificial Intelligence has especially been integrated into various healthcare sectors, improving patient health outcomes and overall healthcare delivery. Diagnostic AI systems enhance clinical decision-making, personalizing treatment, and reducing stigma. However, its extensive use raises concerns about dependency, credibility, and its effects on physical and mental health. This research explores the advantages and drawbacks of AI dependency, emphasizing the need to use AI judiciously to safeguard decision-making capabilities. Additionally, trust and confidence in AI is vital for its successful implementation in healthcare. In mental health, AI offers promise for early detection and personalized treatment, addressing accuracy and accessibility limitations. To fully harness AI’s potential, ethical concerns, data privacy, and algorithmic bias must be addressed to harness AI’s potential in mental health care.
E-Sporcuların Psikolojik Uyumsuzluk ve Sosyal İşlevsellik Düzeylerinin Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Kara Musa , Ozan Murat , Buzdağlı Yusuf
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, E-sporcuların farklı değişkenler açısından psikolojik uyumsuzluk ve sosyal işlevsellik düzeylerinin ölçülmesi, ayrıca psikolojik uyumsuzluk ile sosyal uyum ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye’nin çeşitli bölgelerinde yaşayan 14 yaş ve üzeri 305 erkek, 89 kadın olmak üzere toplam 394 E-sporcu ve dijital oyun oynayan gönüllü katılımcı üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak, psikolojik uyumsuzluk hakkında veri toplamak için Depresyon, Anksiyete, Stres (DASS) Ölçeği ve Sosyal İşlevsellik düzeylerini ölçmek için Sosyal Uyum Kendini Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren verilerin analizinde parametrik testlerden; Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla “Pearson korelasyon” analizleri yapılarak, p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların cinsiyet, öğrenim düzeyleri, gelir düzeyi, lisans düzeyi ve günlük bilgisayarda oyun oynama süresi ve aile yapısına göre sosyal uyum ve psikolojik uyumsuzluk düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sosyal uyum ile psikolojik uyumsuzluk arasında yüksek düzeyde negatif ilişki belirlenmiştir. E-sporcuların Sosyal uyum ile psikolojik uyumsuzluk düzeyleri arasında yüksek düzeyde negatif ilişki saptanmıştır. Sporcuların sosyal uyum düzeyleri arttıkça psikolojik uyumsuzluğu oluşturan depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinde iyileşme görülmüştür.
Do Fair Play Behaviors Reduce Aggression and Anger in Sport?
Authors: Yalçın Yasemin , Kahraman Özge
Published: June 2024

The sample group of the study, which examined the relationship between the fair play behaviors of student athletes and their levels of aggression and anger in sports, consisted of a total of 333 student athletes, 140 female and 193 male, studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Faculty of Sports Sciences in the 2021-2022 academic year. The aim of the study, in which both screening (descriptive) and correlational models were used, was to examine the relationship between student athletes' fair play behaviors and their levels of aggression and anger in sports. The Multidimensional Scale of Sportsmanship Orientation (MSOS-25) and the Scale of Aggression and Anger in Sport (CAAS) were used to collect data. The data were collected from the participants through face-to-face forms in April 2022. In the analysis of the data obtained in the study, Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was calculated to examine the internal consistency of the measurement tools. According to the various demographic characteristics of the participants, t-test and ANOVA tests were applied to evaluate the levels of the Multidimensional Sportsmanship Orientation Scale and the Aggression and Anger in Sport Scale. In addition, the level of relationship between the scales was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Whether the data met the prerequisites of parametric tests was decided by examining the Skewness and Kurtosis (normal distribution of data) values and Levene (equality of variance) test results. As a result of the research, it was seen that there was a significant negative relationship between the Multidimensional Sportsmanship Orientation levels of student athletes and the levels of Aggression and Anger in Sports. Accordingly, it can be said that as the fair play behaviors of student athletes increase, their levels of aggression and anger in sports decrease.
Unraveling dispersal of a coastal fish species in the juvenile life stage in the Yellow Sea using otolith chemistry
Authors: Zhang Y , Xu M , Liu Z , Jin Y , Li S
Published: June 2024

Dispersal is a critical process in marine ecology, with profound implications for population conservation and fisheries management. Previous research has predominantly focused on reef-associated species, but studying the dispersal of more mobile fish species in nearshore environments is exceptionally challenging due to the complex coastal hydrography similar to reefs, and therefore dispersal knowledge of some coastal migratory behavior fish remains preliminary. In this study, we investigated the dispersal of a coastal fish species (small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis) in its juvenile life stage using otolith elemental fingerprints. We aimed to investigate the dispersal patterns of juveniles with otolith chemistry and identify potential natal sources. Results indicated that (1) significant geographical variations in the otolith elemental signatures can be considered as natural markers for assessing fish dispersal; (2) although small yellow croakers in the juvenile life stage are capable of settlement, a significant proportion of individuals continue subsequent passive dispersal; (3) juveniles may have originated from 2 natal sources in the sampling areas based on the differences in the near-core chemistry fingerprints. Results demonstrate the applicability of otolith chemistry fingerprints as natural tags in coastal waters and suggest that juveniles with the ability to settle will still employ dispersal strategies. This study contributes to research on fish dispersal in the early life stage and has significant implications for the marine fishery management of small yellow croaker.
STANDARDIZATION AS AN INTEGRAL COMPONENT OF THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Taraban Serhii , Bezrodnyi Mykhailo , Voloshyn Andrii , Mykhailova Maryna
Published: June 2024

It was conducted an analysis of the impact of standardization, as an integral and important component of the quality management system of the State Enterprise “State Road Transport Research Institute”, on the enterprise’s scientific and industrial-and-economic activities, in particular from the viewpoint of maintaining its competitiveness on the of road transport services market. Standardization, as a type of the State Road Transport Research Institute’s activity, is aimed at achieving the optimal degree of orderliness in the regulatory support of the enterprise’s activities. In accordance with its Policy, the enterprise ensures high-quality performance of work by providing services that meet customer requirements and also applicable legislative and regulatory requirements. It has been considered the standardization activity in the State Road Transport Research Institute, which can be conditionally presented in four separate directions. The first direction is, in general, the organizational work for standardization. This also includes work on the development of normative documents of the enterprise, as well as national standards harmonized with international ones, and revision of current normative documents. Another direction is related to maintaining and updating the fund of normative documents of the enterprise, including the fund of normative documents of the Inland Transport Committee of the UN Economic Commission for Europe. And finally, important from the point of view of the enterprise’s image, the direction of agency activity and also the activity of the Secretariat of the Technical Committee of Standardization TC 80 “Road transport”, the functions of which is entrusted to State Road Transport Research Institute.
Hardware Model Checking Algorithms and Techniques
Authors: Cabodi Gianpiero , Camurati Paolo Enrico , Palena Marco , Pasini Paolo
Published: June 2024

Digital systems are nowadays ubiquitous and often comprise an extremely high level of complexity. Guaranteeing the correct behavior of such systems has become an ever more pressing need for manufacturers. The correctness of digital systems can be addressed resorting to formal verification techniques, such as model checking. Currently, it is usually impossible to determine a priori the best algorithm to use given a verification task and, thus, portfolio approaches have become the de facto standard in model checking verification suites. This paper describes the most relevant algorithms and techniques, at the foundations of bit-level SAT-based model checking itself.
Improving the Giant-Armadillo Optimization Method
Authors: Kyrou Glykeria , Charilogis Vasileios , Tsoulos Ioannis G.
Published: June 2024

Global optimization is widely adopted presently in a variety of practical and scientific problems. In this context, a group of widely used techniques are evolutionary techniques. A relatively new evolutionary technique in this direction is that of Giant-Armadillo Optimization, which is based on the hunting strategy of giant armadillos. In this paper, modifications to this technique are proposed, such as the periodic application of a local minimization method as well as the use of modern termination techniques based on statistical observations. The proposed modifications have been tested on a wide series of test functions available from the relevant literature and compared against other evolutionary methods.
Description and Evaluation of Dye and Contrast Media Distribution of Ultrasound-Guided Rectus Sheath Block in Cat Cadavers
Authors: Polo-Paredes Gonzalo , Soler Marta , Gil Francisco , Laredo Francisco G. , Agut Amalia , Carrillo-Flores Sara , Belda Eliseo
Published: June 2024

The rectus sheath block is an ultrasound-guided anaesthetic technique which aims to provide analgesia to the abdominal midline. This study aimed to assess the distribution of 0.4 mL kg−1 of a mixture of methylene blue and iopromide injected into each hemiabdomen in the internal rectus sheath in cat cadavers. We hypothesise that this technique would be feasible and would cover the rami ventrales of the last thoracic and the first lumbar spinal nerves. The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 aimed to study the anatomical structures of the ventral abdominal wall (four cats were dissected). Phase 2 (ten cadavers) consisted of an ultrasound-guided injection of the mixture mentioned above and the assessment of its distribution by computed tomography and anatomical dissection. The results showed the staining of the cranioventral abdominal wall with a craniocaudal spread of four (three to eight) vertebral bodies. Methylene blue stained three (one to four) rami ventrales, affecting T10 (60%), T11 (100%), T12 (90%), T13 (50%) and L1 (5%). Based on these results, it could be stated that this technique could supply anaesthesia to the midline of the abdominal midline cranial to the umbilicus in clinical patients, but it may not be able to provide anaesthesia to the middle and caudal midline abdominal region.
Application of Palliative Hemostatic Radiotherapy in Canine Unresectable Oral Melanoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Myounghun , Jeong Inseong , Lee Gijong , Park Cheol , Kim Youngwhan , Eom Kidong , Kim Jaehwan
Published: June 2024

A 9-year-old castrated male Schnauzer dog, weighing 11.6 kg, presented with a persistent hemorrhagic oral mass. An oral examination revealed a right maxillary oral mass characterized by continuous bleeding, halitosis, and severe pain. A cytological examination led to a provisional diagnosis of malignant melanoma, and, despite the option of aggressive surgery, the owner declined. The blood analysis indicated severe hemorrhagic anemia (hematocrit, 18.2%) requiring a blood transfusion. The patient underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) as part of a palliative radiation protocol, receiving six fractions of 6 Gy weekly for hemostasis and clinical improvement. The hemorrhaging ceased after the second fraction, with a subsequent rise in the hematocrit levels and the resolution of the anemia. Additionally, the intake increased following the second fraction, and effective pain management was achieved in the fourth fraction. Following the last fraction, computed tomography revealed a 20% reduction in the tumor size. This case highlights the potential use of radiotherapy for hemostasis in cases of inoperable hemorrhagic oral melanoma and represents the first report on the application of hemostatic radiotherapy in dogs.
Current and Future Perspectives on the Management of Helicobacter pylori: A Narrative Review
Authors: Deane Charlene , Kelly Orlaith , O’Morain Colm
Published: June 2024

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a pathogen, has decreased globally in the last decade. To date, the management of H. pylori has focused on a reactive approach, whereby those diagnosed are treated with antimicrobials and acid suppression in combination. This review article provides an overview of the shift in the management of H. pylori from a reactive approach towards a proactive ‘screen and treat’ approach; the article reflects the current pharmacological landscape for H. pylori treatment by exploring similarities such as the first-line prescription of quadruple therapy in most countries and provides a summary table of the best practice guidance from Europe, Asia, and North America. It explores significant ongoing challenges in management, such as rising antimicrobial resistance rates, and explores a potential ‘work smart’ approach to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. We explore the role of registry databases in providing data on treatment efficacy and safety and how they can support a strategic approach to H. pylori treatment. We question if such a database’s availability, update, and regular audit should serve as a key quality indicator in a population screening programme. Despite a call for vaccination against H. pylori and decades of research, not many have made it to a phase-three clinical trial. We explore the challenges that have complicated the development of such a vaccine, such as the genetic diversity of H. pylori, immunotolerance, and limitations of mouse models in research; we reflect on how these challenges are contributing to a low likelihood of having a vaccine in the short–medium term. Lastly, it explores the heterogeneity in research on probiotics and their role as an adjunct in the management of H. pylori.
Integrated Optimization of Train Diagrams and Rolling Stock Circulation with Full-Length and Short-Turn Routes of Virtual Coupling Trains in Urban Rail Transit
Authors: Lu Fang , Wang Liyu , Hu Jiangfeng , Zhang Qi , Li Xiaojuan
Published: June 2024

The advancement of virtual coupling technology in urban rail transit has facilitated the online coupling and decoupling of trains, enabling a range of flexible transportation configurations, including various route types and adjustable formations. This study targets the fluctuating passenger demands on urban rail lines, aiming to minimize both passenger travel and operational costs. The model integrates constraints associated with virtual coupling, train operations, rolling stock circulation, and the interaction between virtually coupled trains and passenger arrivals. New decision variables are introduced to depict the train formation state under virtual coupling scenarios. An integrated optimization model for train diagrams and rolling stock circulation under virtual coupling conditions is developed, employing a genetic-simulated annealing algorithm informed by train operation simulations. A case study on an urban rail line during the morning peak examines the optimization of train diagrams for full-length and short-turn routes. Findings confirm that virtual coupling technology effectively adapts to lines with uneven passenger flow distribution, significantly enhancing the match between supply and demand, equalizing spatial and temporal traffic variations, and harmonizing the quality of passenger services with operational efficiency.
Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in a Reactor with a Fluidized Bed of Catalyst Particles in a Three-Dimensional Formulation
Authors: Ulitin Nikolai V. , Tereshchenko Konstantin A. , Rodionov Ilya S. , Alekseev Konstantin A. , Shiyan Daria A. , Kharlampidi Kharlampii E. , Mezhuev Yaroslav O.
Published: June 2024

The hydrodynamics and heat transfer in a reactor with a fluidized bed of catalyst particles and an inert material were simulated. The particle bed (the particle density was 2350 kg/m3, and the particle diameter was 1.5 to 4 mm) was located in a distribution device which was a grid of 90 × 90 × 60 mm vertical baffles. The behavior of the liquefying medium (air) was modeled using a realizable k-ε turbulence model. The behavior of particles was modeled using the discrete element method (DEM). In order to reduce the slugging effect, the particles were divided into four separate horizontal layers. It was determined that with the velocity of the liquefying medium close to the minimum fluidization velocity (1 m/s), slugging fluidization is observed. At a velocity of the liquefying medium of 3 m/s, turbulent fluidization in the lowest particle layer and bubbling fluidization on subsequent particle layers are observed. With an increase in the velocity of the liquefying medium over 3 m/s, entrainment of particles is observed. It was shown that a decrease in the density of the liquefying medium from 1.205 kg/m3 to 0.383 kg/m3 when it is heated from 298 K to 923 K would not significantly affect the hydraulic resistance of the bed. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the obtained model is optimal for such problems and is suitable for the further description of experimental data.
Super-Resolution Image Reconstruction Method between Sentinel-2 and Gaofen-2 Based on Cascaded Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Ao Zurui , Li Runhao , Fu Yingchun , Xue Yufei , Ge Yunxin
Published: June 2024

Due to the multi-scale and spectral features of remote sensing images compared to natural images, there are significant challenges in super-resolution reconstruction (SR) tasks. Networks trained on simulated data often exhibit poor reconstruction performance on real low-resolution (LR) images. Additionally, compared to natural images, remote sensing imagery involves fewer high-frequency components in network construction. To address the above issues, we introduce a new high–low-resolution dataset GF_Sen based on GaoFen-2 and Sentinel-2 images and propose a cascaded network CSWGAN combined with spatial–frequency features. Firstly, based on the proposed self-attention GAN (SGAN) and wavelet-based GAN (WGAN) in this study, the CSWGAN combines the strengths of both networks. It not only models long-range dependencies and better utilizes global feature information, but also extracts frequency content differences between different images, enhancing the learning of high-frequency information. Experiments have shown that the networks trained based on the GF_Sen can achieve better performance than those trained on simulated data. The reconstructed images from the CSWGAN demonstrate improvements in the PSNR and SSIM by 4.375 and 4.877, respectively, compared to the relatively optimal performance of the ESRGAN. The CSWGAN can reflect the reconstruction advantages of a high-frequency scene and provides a working foundation for fine-scale applications in remote sensing.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island in Beijing
Authors: Yuan Debao , Zhang Liuya , Fan Yuqing , Sun Wenbin , Fan Deqin , Zhao Xurui
Published: June 2024

Studying urban heat islands holds significance for the sustainable development of cities. This comprehensive study analyzed the temporal characteristics of a Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island by employing Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer image data spanning from 2003 to 2020 over Beijing, China. Leveraging the Gaussian capacity model, the geometrical characteristics of the Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island, such as intensity, center, direction, and range, were examined among three different timescales of day, month, and year. Results indicate that the intensities of the Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island tend to have bigger seasonal variations during winter nights and summer daytime. In addition, at night the centers of Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island are mainly concentrated in the range of 116.3°~116.4° E in longitude and 39.90°~39.95° N in latitude, while during the daytime they are more scattered, mainly in the range of 116.2°~116.5° E in longitude and 39.7°~40.0° N in latitude. In the hot season, the center of the heat island moves east to north, while in the cold season it moves west to south. Monthly average ellipse areas of Surface Urban Heat Island and Canopy Layer Heat Island vary more during the day than that at night, the maximum daytime differences were 2662 km2 and 2293 km2, while the maximum nighttime differences were 484 km2 and 265 km2. Overall, the average area is increasing, with the heat island center moving eastward and deflecting towards the northeast-southwest direction. The expansion of urban areas will continue to influence the movement and extent of heat islands. The study offers insights to inform strategies for mitigating urban heat islands.
Innovative Fermented Beverages Based on Bread Waste—Fermentation Parameters and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Juś Krzysztof , Ścigaj Mateusz , Gwiazdowska Daniela , Marchwińska Katarzyna , Studenna Wiktoria
Published: June 2024

Faced with challenges related to environmental degradation and the growing need for sustainable development, the food sector must look for innovative and ecological production solutions. One of the increasingly popular directions is the zero-waste approach, which limits waste generation and enables its reuse. This research aimed to evaluate selected quality indicators of the lactic acid fermentation process of beverages based on waste from the bakery industry (wheat–rye bread) to determine the optimal fermentation conditions using two strains of lactic acid bacteria: Lacticasibacillus paracasei and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Preliminary process optimization was carried out, taking into account the beverage composition, fermentation time, and starting culture. The process evaluation and the selection of the optimal variant were based on the microbiological quality, pH value, and antimicrobial activity of fermented beverages. The results showed that the bread waste may constitute a base for obtaining fermented beverages as evidenced by the high number of lactic acid bacteria, above 108 CFU/mL, and low pH values (≤3.5) after the appropriate incubation time. Fermented beverages exhibited antibacterial properties against tested indicator microorganisms, which confirmed their functional properties. The analysis of the obtained results and the adopted assumptions enabled the selection of the most optimal variant—the beverage with ground flaxseed, fermented by L. paracasei for 24 h. The conducted research indicates great potential for lactic acid fermentation in the management of bakery waste to create innovative, sustainable food products with probiotic potential.
Lower Limb Muscle Activation in Young Adults Walking in Water and on Land
Authors: Long Christopher , Dakin Christopher J. , Harper Sara A. , Park Joonsun , Folau Aaron , Crandall Mark , Christensen Nathan , Louder Talin
Published: June 2024

Previous research has shown that exercise interventions requiring increased activation of the tibialis anterior (TA), the primary ankle dorsiflexor, can improve walking performance in individuals with foot drop. Correspondingly, heightened drag forces experienced during walking performed in water may augment TA activation during the swing phase of gait, potentially leading to improved walking gait on land. Therefore, this study aimed to compare surface electromyographic (sEMG) activation in the TA and medial gastrocnemius (GM) during gait performed in water versus on land. Thirty-eight healthy, recreationally active young adults, comprising 18 females and 20 males, participated in the study. Each participant completed 2 min walking trials under five conditions: land 2.5 mph, land 3.5 mph, water 2.5 mph, water 3.5 mph, and water 3.5 mph with added jet resistance. Stride kinematics were collected using 2-dimensional underwater motion capture. TA and GM, muscle activation magnitudes, were quantified using sEMG root-mean-square (RMS) amplitudes for both the swing and stance phases of walking. Additionally, TA and GM co-activation (Co-A) indices were estimated. Two-way within-subjects repeated measures analyses of variance were used to evaluate the main effects of and interactions between the environment and walking speed. Additionally, paired sample t-tests were conducted as a secondary analysis to investigate differences between walking in water at 3.5 mph with and without added jet resistance. Main effects and interactions were observed across various stride kinematics and sEMG measures. Notably, TA sEMG RMS during the swing phase of walking gait performed at 2.5 mph was 15% greater in water than on land (p < 0.001). This effect increased when walking gait was performed at 3.5 mph (94%; p < 0.001) and when jet resistance was added to the 3.5 mph condition (52%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, TA Co-A was increased during the stance phase of gait in water compared to on land (p < 0.001), while GM Co-A was reduced during the swing phase (p < 0.001). The findings of this study offer compelling evidence supporting the efficacy of aquatic treadmill walking as a potential treatment for individuals suffering from foot drop. However, further research is needed to evaluate whether a causal relationship exists between heightened TA activation observed during aquatic treadmill walking and improvements in voluntary dorsiflexion during gait.
The Role of Fungi in Food Production and Processing
Authors: Pouris John , Kolyva Foteini , Bratakou Spyridoula , Vogiatzi Chrysovalantou Argyro , Chaniotis Dimitrios , Beloukas Apostolos
Published: June 2024

Fungi play an important and multifaceted role in the production and processing of food, influencing various stages from cultivation to consumption. This paper explores the complex relationship between fungi and food systems, highlighting their diverse contributions. Firstly, fungi serve as essential agents in food cultivation, aiding in the breakdown of organic matter and the recycling of nutrients, and promoting plant growth through symbiotic relationships. Moreover, fungi such as yeasts and molds are integral to fermentation processes, yielding a wide array of fermented foods and beverages with unique flavors and textures. Additionally, fungi are indispensable in the creation of enzymes and bioactive compounds utilized in food processing, enhancing the nutritional value, shelf life, and safety. However, certain fungal species pose significant challenges as food spoilage agents and mycotoxin producers, necessitating stringent quality control measures. Understanding the intricate interplay between fungi and food systems is essential for optimizing food production, ensuring food security, and mitigating the risks associated with fungal contamination. This paper synthesizes current research to elucidate the important role that fungus play in shaping the modern food industry and underscores the importance of ongoing scientific inquiry in harnessing their potential for sustainable and safe food production.
Bicubic Splines for Fast-Contracting Control Nets
Authors: Karčiauskas Kȩstutis , Lo Kyle Shih-Huang , Gunpinar Erkan , Peters Jörg
Published: June 2024

Merging parallel quad strips facilitates narrowing surface passages, and allows a design to transition to a simpler shape. While a number of spline surface constructions exist for the isotropic case where n pieces join, few existing spline constructions deliver a good shape for control nets that merge parameter lines. Additionally, untilrecently, none provided a good shape for fast-contracting polyhedral control nets. This work improves the state-of-the-art of piecewise polynomial spline surfaces accommodating fast-contracting control nets. The new fast-contracting (FC) surface algorithm yields the industry-preferred uniform degree bi-3 (bi-cubic). The surfaces are by default differentiable, have an improved shape, measured empirically as to highlight the line distribution, and require fewer pieces compared to existing methods.
The Different Gene Expression Profile in the Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium Sheds New Light on the Endometrial Seed in Endometriosis
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Assad , Mecha Ezekiel Onyonka , Omwandho Charles O. A. , Zeppernick Felix , Meinhold-Heerlein Ivo , Konrad Lutz
Published: June 2024

The changes in endometrial cells, both in the eutopic endometrium of patients with and without endometriosis and in lesions at ectopic sites, are frequently described and often compared to tumorigenesis. In tumorigenesis, the concept of “seed and soil” is well established. The seed refers to tumor cells with metastatic potential, and the soil is any organ or tissue that provides a suitable environment for the seed to grow. In this systematic review (PRISMA-S), we specifically compared the development of endometriosis with the “seed and soil” hypothesis. To determine changes in the endometrial seed, we re-analyzed the mRNA expression data of the eutopic and ectopic endometrium, paying special attention to the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). We found that the similarity between eutopic endometrium without and with endometriosis is extremely high (~99.1%). In contrast, the eutopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis has a similarity of only 95.3% with the ectopic endometrium. An analysis of EMT-associated genes revealed only minor differences in the mRNA expression levels of claudin family members without the loss of other cell–cell junctions that are critical for the epithelial phenotype. The array data suggest that the changes in the eutopic endometrium (=seed) are quite subtle at the beginning of the disease and that most of the differences occur after implantation into ectopic locations (=soil).
Therapeutic Nonsense Suppression Modalities: From Small Molecules to Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches
Authors: Morais Pedro , Zhang Rui , Yu Yi-Tao
Published: June 2024

Nonsense mutations are genetic mutations that create premature termination codons (PTCs), leading to truncated, defective proteins in diseases such as cystic fibrosis, neurofibromatosis type 1, Dravet syndrome, Hurler syndrome, Beta thalassemia, inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and even cancer. These mutations can also trigger a cellular surveillance mechanism known as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) that degrades the PTC-containing mRNA. The activation of NMD can attenuate the consequences of truncated, defective, and potentially toxic proteins in the cell. Since approximately 20% of all single-point mutations are disease-causing nonsense mutations, it is not surprising that this field has received significant attention, resulting in a remarkable advancement in recent years. In fact, since our last review on this topic, new examples of nonsense suppression approaches have been reported, namely new ways of promoting the translational readthrough of PTCs or inhibiting the NMD pathway. With this review, we update the state-of-the-art technologies in nonsense suppression, focusing on novel modalities with therapeutic potential, such as small molecules (readthrough agents, NMD inhibitors, and molecular glue degraders); antisense oligonucleotides; tRNA suppressors; ADAR-mediated RNA editing; targeted pseudouridylation; and gene/base editing. While these various modalities have significantly advanced in their development stage since our last review, each has advantages (e.g., ease of delivery and specificity) and disadvantages (manufacturing complexity and off-target effect potential), which we discuss here.