bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Buffalo milk: an essential natural adjuvant
Authors: Emakpor Oghenerume Lucky , Edo Great Iruoghene , Jikah Agatha Ngukuran , Ikpekoro Victor Ovie , Agbo Joy Johnson , Ainyanbhor Irene Ebosereme , Essaghah Arthur Efeoghene Athan , Ekokotu Helen Avuokerie , Oghroro Ephraim Evi Alex , Akpoghelie Patrick Othuke
Published: June 2024

The water buffalo breed known as the Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is primarily raised for its milk. It is preserved in the Indian states of Haryana and Punjab, namely in the districts of Bhiwani, Agra, Hisar, Rohtak, Jind, Jhajhar, Fatehabad, Gurgaon, and the Delhi capital city. The fat from buffalo milk also contains ketoglycerides. While β-lactoglobulin, which contains branched chain and essential amino acids as well as a retinol-binding protein that may modulate lymphatic processes, is absent from human milk, buffalo milk has somewhat more of this protein than cow’s milk and is also the primary source of whey protein. It has the ability to create antimicrobial peptides that work well against gram-positive bacteria and are released by proteolytic enzymes during trypsin-catalyzed digestion. International dairy product production is increasingly shifting to domestic buffalo as a substitute source. Buffalo milk contains a high amount of calcium, a mineral that is necessary for the development of bones. Moreover, it contains casein-derived peptides, which may promote bone health and reduce the likelihood of osteoporosis, a disorder characterized by weakening bones and an increased risk of fractures. Customers love buffalo milk because of its excellent nutritional value. It may be eaten raw or used to manufacture premium products like cheese, yogurt, ice cream, and other traditional dairy products.
Deep vein thrombosis after sclerotherapy and endovenous laser	ablation of varicose veins – an observational study
Authors: Di Gangi Stefania , Guillet Carole , Anzengruber Florian , Zechmann Stefan , Meier Thomas O.
Published: June 2024

Summary: Background: The risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after endovenous ablation of varicose veins varies in the literature. Little is known about the characteristics of this complication and associated factors. This study aimed: 1) to study the occurrence of DVT after ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) alone or combined with endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) for lower-limb varicose veins; 2) to identify factors associated with DVT. Patients and methods: The study included all outpatients aged 18 years or older who underwent UGFS and EVLA or UGFS alone at the University Hospital of Zurich between 2011 and 2015. Data were extracted from the hospital electronic medical record. Patients were surveyed about their level of pain after the procedure and their level of satisfaction with the procedure. Duplex ultrasound was used to assess the deep venous system 7–10 days and 6–8 months after the procedure. Regression analysis was used to examine the association of patient and procedure characteristics with the development of DVT. Results: A total of 334 patients (561 procedures performed in 393 different sessions) were included: 73% of the patients underwent combined UGFS and EVLA and 27% underwent UGFS alone. DVT occurred in 24 (7.2%) patients, of whom 88% underwent combined procedures and 17% underwent interventions involving both the great and small saphenous veins on the same session. DVT occurred in 8.2% of patients receiving thromboprophylaxis and in 9.5% of patients not receiving thromboprophylaxis. DVT occurred in 5.2% of women and 11.9% of men. No factors associated with a diagnosis of DVT after intervention were identified. Pain and satisfaction levels did not differ between patients with and without DVT. Conclusions: This study adds to the knowledge of the risk of DVT following UGFS alone or combined with EVLA. Further studies are needed to revise thromboprophylaxis.
Cardiac Pre-Ejection Period to Index Motivation and Effort Mobilization in Cognitive Studies
Authors: Albinet Cédric T. , De Faria Cindie , Causse Mickaël
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper reviews studies on the cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP) in the field of cognitive psychophysiology. The main objective was to better understand the relationship between PEP and effort mobilization in cognitive functioning. We reported studies that have measured the PEP in various cognitive tasks and experimental paradigms and other additional works that have highlighted inter-individual variability affecting PEP during both resting and cognitive activities. The reported literature tends to confirm that PEP might be a useful tool to measure cardiac sympathetic control related to effort mobilization and task difficulty. Methodological aspects, influencing factors (importance of success, emotions, psychiatric condition…), and limitations of the PEP usefulness (e.g., high inter-individual variability, questionable relevance in within-subject design) are also emphasized. Finally, we raised some questions and offered directions for future research to further our understanding of PEP measures.
On the Theory of the Divergence Method for Quantifying Source Emissions From Satellite Observations
Authors: Koene E. F. M. , Brunner D. , Kuhlmann G.
Published: June 2024

The divergence method, a lightweight approach for estimating emission fluxes from satellite images, rests on a few implicit assumptions. This paper explicitly outlines these assumptions by deriving the method from first principles. The assumptions are: the enhanced mass flux is dominated by advection, normal fluxes vanish at the top and bottom of the atmosphere, steady‐state conditions apply, sources are multiplications of temporal and spatial functions, sinks are described as first‐order reactions, and effective wind fields are concentration‐weighted wind fields. No such assumptions have to be made for the background field. A “topography correction term” does not follow from the theory, but is rather shown to be a practical correction for topography‐dependent effective wind speed errors. The cross‐sectional flux method follows naturally from the derived theory, and the methods are compared. Effects of discrete pixels and finite‐difference operations are explored, leading to recommendations, primarily the recommendation to integrate over small regions only to minimize the influence of noise. Numerical examples featuring Gaussian plumes and COSMO‐GHG simulated plumes are provided. The Gaussian plume example suggests that the divergence method might underestimate emissions when assuming only advection in the presence of cross‐wind diffusion. Conversely, the cross‐sectional flux method remains unaffected, provided fluxes are integrated across the entire plume. The COSMO‐GHG example reveals frequent violations of the steady‐state assumption, although the assumption remains valid proximal to the source (<20 km in this example). It is the hope that this paper provides a solid theoretical foundation for the divergence and cross‐sectional flux methods.
Multi-target measurable residual disease assessed by error-corrected sequencing in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: An ALFA study
Authors: Hirsch Pierre , Lambert Jérôme , Bucci Maxime , Deswarte Caroline , Boudry Augustin , Lambert Juliette , Fenwarth Laurene , Micol Jean-Baptiste , Terré Christine , Celli-Lebras Karine , Thomas Xavier , Dombret Hervé , Duployez Nicolas , Preudhomme Claude , Itzykson Raphael , Delhommeau Francois
Published: June 2024

The evaluation of measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using comprehensive mutation analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been investigated in several studies. However controversial results exist regarding the detection of persisting mutations in DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1 (DTA). Benchmarking of NGS-MRD taking into account other molecular MRD strategies has to be done. Here, we performed error-corrected-NGS-MRD in 189 patients homogeneously treated in the ALFA-0702 study (NCT00932412). Persistence of non-DTA mutations (HR = 2.23 for RFS and 2.26 for OS), and DTA mutations (HR = 2.16 for OS) were associated with poorer prognosis in multivariate analysis. Persistence of at least two mutations in complete remission (CR) was associated with a higher cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (HR = 3.71, p < 0.0001), lower RFS (HR = 3.36, p < 0.0001) and OS (HR = 3.81, p = 0.00023) whereas persistence of only one mutation was not. In 100 analyzable patients, WT1-MRD, but not NGS-MRD, was an independent factor for RFS and OS. In the subset of 67 NPM1 mutated patients, both NPM1 mutation detection (p = 0.0059) and NGS-MRD (p = 0.035) status were associated with CIR. We conclude that detectable NGS-MRD including DTA mutations correlates with unfavorable prognosis in AML. Its integration with alternative MRD strategies in AML management warrants further investigations.
Convergent approach for direct cross-coupling enabled by flash irreversible generation of cationic and anionic species
Authors: Soutome Hiroki , Yamashita Hiroki , Shimizu Yutaka , Takumi Masahiro , Ashikari Yosuke , Nagaki Aiichiro
Published: June 2024

In biosynthesis multiple kinds of reactive intermediates are generated, transported, and reacted across different parts of organisms, enabling highly sophisticated synthetic reactions. Herein we report a convergent synthetic approach, which utilizes dual intermediates of cationic and carbanionic species in a single step, hinted at by the ideal reaction conditions. By reactions of unsaturated precursors, such as enamines, with a superacid in a flow microreactor, cationic species, such as iminium ions, are generated rapidly and irreversibly, and before decomposition, they are transported to react with rapidly and independently generated carbanions, enabling direct C-C bond formation. Taking advantage of the reactivity of these double reactive intermediates, the reaction take place within a few seconds, enabling synthetic reactions which are not applicable in conventional reactions.
Germline-like TCR-α chains shared between autoreactive T cells in blood and pancreas
Authors: Linsley Peter S. , Nakayama Maki , Balmas Elisa , Chen Janice , Barahmand-pour-Whitman Fariba , Bansal Shubham , Bottorff Ty , Serti Elisavet , Speake Cate , Pugliese Alberto , Cerosaletti Karen
Published: June 2024

Human type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by autoimmune attack on the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells by islet antigen-reactive T cells. How human islet antigen-reactive (IAR) CD4+ memory T cells from peripheral blood affect T1D progression in the pancreas is poorly understood. Here, we aim to determine if IAR T cells in blood could be detected in pancreas. We identify paired αβ (TRA/TRB) T cell receptors (TCRs) in IAR T cells from the blood of healthy, at-risk, new-onset, and established T1D donors, and measured sequence overlap with TCRs in pancreata from healthy, at risk and T1D organ donors. We report extensive TRA junction sharing between IAR T cells and pancreas-infiltrating T cells (PIT), with perfect-match or single-mismatch TRA junction amino acid sequences comprising ~29% total unique IAR TRA junctions (942/3,264). PIT-matched TRA junctions were largely public and enriched for TRAV41 usage, showing significant nucleotide sequence convergence, increased use of germline-encoded versus non-templated residues in epitope engagement, and a potential for cross-reactivity. Our findings thus link T cells with distinctive germline-like TRA chains in the peripheral blood with T cells in the pancreas.
Octupole moment driven free charge generation in partially chlorinated subphthalocyanine for planar heterojunction organic photodetectors
Authors: Rana Aniket , Park Song Yi , Labanti Chiara , Fang Feifei , Yun Sungyoung , Dong Yifan , Yang Emily J. , Nodari Davide , Gasparini Nicola , Park Jeong–Il , Shin Jisoo , Minami Daiki , Park Kyung-Bae , Kim Ji-Seon , Durrant James R.
Published: June 2024

In this study, high-performance organic photodetectors are presented which utilize a pristine chlorinated subphthalocyanine photoactive layer. Optical and optoelectronic analyses indicate that the device photocurrent is primarily generated through direct charge generation within the chlorinated subphthalocyanine layer, rather than exciton separation at layer interfaces. Molecular modelling suggests that this direct charge generation is facilitated by chlorinated subphthalocyanine high octupole moment (−80 DÅ2), which generates a 200 meV shift in molecular energetics. Increasing the thickness of chlorinated subphthalocyanine leads to faster response time, correlated with a decrease in trap density. Notably, photodetectors with a 50 nm thick chlorinated subphthalocyanine photoactive layer exhibit detectivities approaching 1013 Jones, with a dark current below 10−7 A cm−2 up to −5 V. Based on these findings, we conclude that high octupole moment molecular semiconductors are promising materials for high-performance organic photodetectors employing single-component photoactive layer.
Histone serotonylation in dorsal raphe nucleus contributes to stress- and antidepressant-mediated gene expression and behavior
Authors: Al-Kachak Amni , Di Salvo Giuseppina , Fulton Sasha L. , Chan Jennifer C , Farrelly Lorna A. , Lepack Ashley E. , Bastle Ryan M. , Kong Lingchun , Cathomas Flurin , Newman Emily L. , Menard Caroline , Ramakrishnan Aarthi , Safovich Polina , Lyu Yang , Covington Herbert E. , Shen Li , Gleason Kelly , Tamminga Carol A. , Russo Scott J. , Maze Ian
Published: June 2024

Mood disorders are an enigmatic class of debilitating illnesses that affect millions of individuals worldwide. While chronic stress clearly increases incidence levels of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), stress-mediated disruptions in brain function that precipitate these illnesses remain largely elusive. Serotonin-associated antidepressants (ADs) remain the first line of therapy for many with depressive symptoms, yet low remission rates and delays between treatment and symptomatic alleviation have prompted skepticism regarding direct roles for serotonin in the precipitation and treatment of affective disorders. Our group recently demonstrated that serotonin epigenetically modifies histone proteins (H3K4me3Q5ser) to regulate transcriptional permissiveness in brain. However, this non-canonical phenomenon has not yet been explored following stress and/or AD exposures. Here, we employed a combination of genome-wide and biochemical analyses in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of male and female mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress, as well as in DRN of human MDD patients, to examine the impact of stress exposures/MDD diagnosis on H3K4me3Q5ser dynamics, as well as associations between the mark and depression-related gene expression. We additionally assessed stress-induced/MDD-associated regulation of H3K4me3Q5ser following AD exposures, and employed viral-mediated gene therapy in mice to reduce H3K4me3Q5ser levels in DRN and examine its impact on stress-associated gene expression and behavior. We found that H3K4me3Q5ser plays important roles in stress-mediated transcriptional plasticity. Chronically stressed mice displayed dysregulated H3K4me3Q5ser dynamics in DRN, with both AD- and viral-mediated disruption of these dynamics proving sufficient to attenuate stress-mediated gene expression and behavior. Corresponding patterns of H3K4me3Q5ser regulation were observed in MDD subjects on vs. off ADs at their time of death. These findings thus establish a neurotransmission-independent role for serotonin in stress-/AD-associated transcriptional and behavioral plasticity, observations of which may be of clinical relevance to human MDD and its treatment.
Prostate cancer reshapes the secreted and extracellular vesicle urinary proteomes
Authors: Khoo Amanda , Govindarajan Meinusha , Qiu Zhuyu , Liu Lydia Y. , Ignatchenko Vladimir , Waas Matthew , Macklin Andrew , Keszei Alexander , Neu Sarah , Main Brian P. , Yang Lifang , Lance Raymond S. , Downes Michelle R. , Semmes O. John , Vesprini Danny , Liu Stanley K. , Nyalwidhe Julius O. , Boutros Paul C. , Kislinger Thomas
Published: June 2024

Urine is a complex biofluid that reflects both overall physiologic state and the state of the genitourinary tissues through which it passes. It contains both secreted proteins and proteins encapsulated in tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). To understand the population variability and clinical utility of urine, we quantified the secreted and EV proteomes from 190 men, including a subset with prostate cancer. We demonstrate that a simple protocol enriches prostatic proteins in urine. Secreted and EV proteins arise from different subcellular compartments. Urinary EVs are faithful surrogates of tissue proteomes, but secreted proteins in urine or cell line EVs are not. The urinary proteome is longitudinally stable over several years. It can accurately and non-invasively distinguish malignant from benign prostatic lesions and can risk-stratify prostate tumors. This resource quantifies the complexity of the urinary proteome and reveals the synergistic value of secreted and EV proteomes for translational and biomarker studies.
Combining machine learning with high-content imaging to infer ciprofloxacin susceptibility in isolates of Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Tran Tuan-Anh , Sridhar Sushmita , Reece Stephen T. , Lunguya Octavie , Jacobs Jan , Van Puyvelde Sandra , Marks Florian , Dougan Gordon , Thomson Nicholas R. , Nguyen Binh T. , Bao Pham The , Baker Stephen
Published: June 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health crisis that requires innovative solutions. Current susceptibility testing approaches limit our ability to rapidly distinguish between antimicrobial-susceptible and -resistant organisms. Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is an enteric pathogen responsible for severe gastrointestinal illness and invasive disease. Despite widespread resistance, ciprofloxacin remains a common treatment for Salmonella infections, particularly in lower-resource settings, where the drug is given empirically. Here, we exploit high-content imaging to generate deep phenotyping of S. Typhimurium isolates longitudinally exposed to increasing concentrations of ciprofloxacin. We apply machine learning algorithms to the imaging data and demonstrate that individual isolates display distinct growth and morphological characteristics that cluster by time point and susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, which occur independently of ciprofloxacin exposure. Using a further set of S. Typhimurium clinical isolates, we find that machine learning classifiers can accurately predict ciprofloxacin susceptibility without exposure to it or any prior knowledge of resistance phenotype. These results demonstrate the principle of using high-content imaging with machine learning algorithms to predict drug susceptibility of clinical bacterial isolates. This technique may be an important tool in understanding the morphological impact of antimicrobials on the bacterial cell to identify drugs with new modes of action.
E proteins control the development of NKγδT cells through their invariant T cell receptor
Authors: Mihai Ariana , Lee Sang-Yun , Shinton Susan , Parker Mitchell I. , Contreras Alejandra V. , Zhang Baojun , Rhodes Michele , Dunbrack Roland L. , Zúñiga-Pflücker Juan-Carlos , Ciofani Maria , Zhuang Yuan , Wiest David L.
Published: June 2024

T cell receptor (TCR) signaling regulates important developmental transitions, partly through induction of the E protein antagonist, Id3. Although normal γδ T cell development depends on Id3, Id3 deficiency produces different phenotypes in distinct γδ T cell subsets. Here, we show that Id3 deficiency impairs development of the Vγ3+ subset, while markedly enhancing development of NKγδT cells expressing the invariant Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR. These effects result from Id3 regulating both the generation of the Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR and its capacity to support development. Indeed, the Trav15 segment, which encodes the Vδ6.3 TCR subunit, is directly bound by E proteins that control its expression. Once expressed, the Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR specifies the innate-like NKγδT cell fate, even in progenitors beyond the normally permissive perinatal window, and this is enhanced by Id3-deficiency. These data indicate that the paradoxical behavior of NKγδT cells in Id3-deficient mice is determined by its stereotypic Vγ1Vδ6.3 TCR complex.
Quantifying the relative importance of genetics and environment on the comorbidity between mental and cardiometabolic disorders using 17 million Scandinavians
Authors: Meijsen Joeri , Hu Kejia , Krebs Morten D. , Athanasiadis Georgios , Washbrook Sarah , Zetterberg Richard , Avelar e Silva Raquel Nogueira , Shorter John R. , Gådin Jesper R. , Bergstedt Jacob , Howard David M. , Ye Weimin , Lu Yi , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Ingason Andrés , Helenius Dorte , Plana-Ripoll Oleguer , McGrath John J. , Micali Nadia , Andreassen Ole A. , Werge Thomas M. , Fang Fang , Buil Alfonso
Published: June 2024

Mental disorders are leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide, partly due to high comorbidity with cardiometabolic disorders. Reasons for this comorbidity are still poorly understood. We leverage nation-wide health records and near-complete genealogies of Denmark and Sweden (n = 17 million) to reveal the genetic and environmental contributions underlying the observed comorbidity between six mental disorders and 15 cardiometabolic disorders. Genetic factors contributed about 50% to the comorbidity of schizophrenia, affective disorders, and autism spectrum disorder with cardiometabolic disorders, whereas the comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anorexia with cardiometabolic disorders was mainly or fully driven by environmental factors. In this work we provide causal insight to guide clinical and scientific initiatives directed at achieving mechanistic understanding as well as preventing and alleviating the consequences of these disorders.
Recurrent quantum embedding neural network and its application in vulnerability detection
Authors: Song Zhihui , Zhou Xin , Xu Jinchen , Ding Xiaodong , Shan Zheng
Published: June 2024

In recent years, deep learning has been widely used in vulnerability detection with remarkable results. These studies often apply natural language processing (NLP) technologies due to the natural similarity between code and language. Since NLP usually consumes a lot of computing resources, its combination with quantum computing is becoming a valuable research direction. In this paper, we present a Recurrent Quantum Embedding Neural Network (RQENN) for vulnerability detection. It aims to reduce the memory consumption of classical models for vulnerability detection tasks and improve the performance of quantum natural language processing (QNLP) methods. We show that the performance of RQENN achieves the above goals. Compared with the classic model, the space complexity of each stage of its execution is exponentially reduced, and the number of parameters used and the number of bits consumed are significantly reduced. Compared with other QNLP methods, RQENN uses fewer qubit resources and achieves a 15.7% higher accuracy in vulnerability detection.
Mathematical processing of RGB data in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices
Authors: Fiedoruk-Pogrebniak Marta
Published: June 2024

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices often are combined with scanners as detectors. In this work, different scanning options offered by scanners: resolution, scanning mode, exposure to radiation, colour restoration, and saving format were tested. Moreover, different attempts to mathematical data treatment based on intensities of three channels—Red, Green and Blue, were studied. All measurements presented in this article were conducted for a model dye—bromothymol blue and a model analyte—zinc(II) ion (complexed with xylenol orange in a paper matrix). The article summarizes the scanning options and possibilities of mathematical calculations. Nevertheless, it is suggested that the best option is to use the prior prepared calculation file to paste obtained intensities and compare all presented in this article (and the most frequently used) equations to process intensities and decide which one should be used in the particular analysis.
Enhancing liver cirrhosis varices and CSPH risk prediction with spleen stiffness measurement using 100-Hz probe
Authors: Yoo Jeong-Ju , Maeng Sun Ah , Chang Young , Lee Sae Hwan , Jeong Soung Won , Jang Jae Young , Cheon Gab Jin , Kim Young Seok , Kim Hong Soo , Kim Sang Gyune
Published: June 2024

Managing complications of liver cirrhosis such as varices needing treatment (VNT) and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) demands precise and non-invasive diagnostic methods. This study assesses the efficacy of spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) using a 100-Hz probe for predicting VNT and CSPH, aiming to refine diagnostic thresholds. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 257 cirrhotic patients, comparing the diagnostic performance of SSM against traditional criteria, including Baveno VII, for predicting VNT and CSPH. The DeLong test was used for statistical comparisons among predictive models. The success rate of SSM@100 Hz was 94.60%, and factors related to SSM failure were high body mass index and small spleen volume or length. In our cohort, the identified SSM cut-off of 38.9 kPa, which achieved a sensitivity of 92% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 98% for detecting VNT, is clinically nearly identical to the established Baveno threshold of 40 kPa. The predictive capability of the SSM-based model for VNT was superior to the LSM ± PLT model (p = 0.017). For CSPH prediction, the SSM model notably outperformed existing non-invasive tests (NITs), with an AUC improvement and significant correlations with HVPG measurements (obtained from 49 patients), highlighting a correlation coefficient of 0.486 (p < 0.001) between SSM and HVPG. Therefore, incorporating SSM into clinical practice significantly enhances the prediction accuracy for both VNT and CSPH in cirrhosis patients, mainly due to the high correlation between SSM and HVPG. SSM@100 Hz can offer valuable clinical assistance in avoiding unnecessary endoscopy in these patients.
Integrated care policy recommendations for complex multisystem long term conditions and long COVID
Authors: van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M. , Sweetman Jennifer , Turk Fidan , Allsopp Gail , Gabbay Mark , Khunti Kamlesh , Williams Nefyn , Montgomery Hugh , Heightman Melissa , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Crooks Michael G. , Strain W. David , Loveless Antony , Hishmeh Lyth , Smith Natalie , Banerjee Amitava
Published: June 2024

The importance of integrated care for complex, multiple long term conditions was acknowledged before the COVID pandemic but remained a challenge. The pandemic and consequent development of Long COVID required rapid adaptation of health services to address the population’s needs, requiring service redesigns including integrated care. This Delphi consensus study was conducted in the UK and found similar integrated care priorities for Long COVID and complex, multiple long term conditions, provided by 480 patients and health care providers, with an 80% consensus rate. The resultant recommendations were based on more than 1400 responses from survey participants and were supported by patients, health care professionals, and by patient charities. Participants identified the need to allocate resources to: support integrated care, provide access to care and treatments that work, provide diagnostic procedures that support the personalization of treatment in an integrated care environment, and enable structural consultation between primary and specialist care settings including physical and mental health care. Based on the findings we propose a model for delivering integrated care by a multidisciplinary team to people with complex multisystem conditions. These recommendations can inform improvements to integrated care for complex, multiple long term conditions and Long COVID at international level.
Applying deep learning on social media to investigate cultural ecosystem services in protected areas worldwide
Authors: Yee Timothy Bing Lun , Carrasco L. Roman
Published: June 2024

Protected areas (PAs) are the cornerstone of conservation efforts. Although they provide many benefits to humanity, the variability in the provision of cultural ecosystem services (CES) among global PAs remains unknown. To investigate this, we combined Convolutional Neural Networks with hierarchical clustering to categorize photos from Flickr taken in PAs worldwide. A final sample of 87,090 photos in 2813 PAs within 207 countries was obtained. Distinct global patterns of CES activities emerged. Such activities had three main interaction types: human-nature (abiotic), human-nature (biotic) and human–human. Human-nature (abiotic) interactions dominated in mountain ranges. Human-nature (biotic) photos were more common in equatorial countries, and human–human photos occurred mainly in Europe. To determine the extent of the influence of biome type of PAs on CES, mixed-effects models were subsequently run. These models additionally included the country of PAs as a random effect. Despite differences in physical environments, PAs within each country generally shared similar CES types. Moreover, the effect of biome differences was marginal, thereby demonstrating that country-level management of PAs likely has a more important role in influencing CES activities in PAs. To conclude, we suggest that our results demonstrate the utility of social media data for understanding visitor activities in PAs.
Notum regulates the cusp and root patterns in mouse molar
Authors: Adasooriya Dinuka , Jeong Ju-Kyung , Kyeong Minjae , Kan Shiqi , Kim Jiwoo , Cho Eui-Sic , Cho Sung-Won
Published: June 2024

Notum is a direct target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and plays a crucial role as a Wnt inhibitor within a negative feedback loop. In the tooth, Notum is known to be expressed in odontoblasts, and severe dentin defects and irregular tooth roots have been reported in Notum-deficient mice. However, the precise expression pattern of Notum in early tooth development, and the role of Notum in crown and root patterns remain elusive. In the present study, we identified a novel Notum expression in primary enamel knot (EK), secondary EKs, and dental papilla during tooth development. Notum-deficient mice exhibited enlarged secondary EKs, resulting in broader cusp tips, altered cusp patterns, and reduced concavity in crown outline. These alterations in crown outline led to a reduction in cervical tongue length, thereby inducing root fusion in Notum-deficient mice. Overall, these results suggest that the secondary EK size, regulated by the Wnt/Notum negative feedback loop, has a significant impact on the patterns of crown and root during tooth morphogenesis.
Development, validation and visualization of a web-based nomogram for predicting risk of new-onset diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Zhu Mengmeng , Li Yiwen , Wang Wenting , Liu Yanfei , Tong Tiejun , Liu Yue
Published: June 2024

Simple and practical tools for screening high-risk new-onset diabetes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (NODAP) are urgently needed to improve post-PCI prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for NODAP and develop an online prediction tool using conventional variables based on a multicenter database. China evidence-based Chinese medicine database consisted of 249, 987 patients from 4 hospitals in mainland China. Patients ≥ 18 years with implanted coronary stents for acute coronary syndromes and did not have diabetes before PCI were enrolled in this study. According to the occurrence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after PCI, the patients were divided into NODAP and Non-NODAP. After least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and logistic regression, the model features were selected and then the nomogram was developed and plotted. Model performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow test and decision curve analysis. The nomogram was also externally validated at a different hospital. Subsequently, we developed an online visualization tool and a corresponding risk stratification system to predict the risk of developing NODAP after PCI based on the model. A total of 2698 patients after PCI (1255 NODAP and 1443 non-NODAP) were included in the final analysis based on the multicenter database. Five predictors were identified after screening: fasting plasma glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, family history of diabetes and use of diuretics. And then we developed a web-based nomogram (https://mr.cscps.com.cn/wscoringtool/index.html) incorporating the above conventional factors for predicting patients at high risk for NODAP. The nomogram showed good discrimination, calibration and clinical utility and could accurately stratify patients into different NODAP risks. We developed a simple and practical web-based nomogram based on multicenter database to screen for NODAP risk, which can assist clinicians in accurately identifying patients at high risk of NODAP and developing post-PCI management strategies to improved patient prognosis.
Primary oocytes with cellular senescence features are involved in ovarian aging in mice
Authors: Yan Hao , Miranda Edgar Andres Diaz , Jin Shiying , Wilson Faith , An Kang , Godbee Brooke , Zheng Xiaobin , Brau-Rodríguez Astrid Roshealy , Lei Lei
Published: June 2024

In mammalian females, quiescent primordial follicles serve as the ovarian reserve and sustain normal ovarian function and egg production via folliculogenesis. The loss of primordial follicles causes ovarian aging. Cellular senescence, characterized by cell cycle arrest and production of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), is associated with tissue aging. In the present study, we report that some quiescent primary oocytes in primordial follicles become senescent in adult mouse ovaries. The senescent primary oocytes share senescence markers characterized in senescent somatic cells. The senescent primary oocytes were observed in young adult mouse ovaries, remained at approximately 15% of the total primary oocytes during ovarian aging from 6 to 12 months, and accumulated in aged ovaries. Administration of a senolytic drug ABT263 to 3-month-old mice reduced the percentage of senescent primary oocytes and the transcription of the SASP factors in the ovary, in addition, led to increased numbers of primordial and total follicles and a higher rate of oocyte maturation. Our study provides experimental evidence that primary oocytes, a germline cell type that is arrested in meiosis, become senescent in adult mouse ovaries and that senescent cell clearance reduced primordial follicle loss and mitigated ovarian aging phenotypes.
Penta- versus hexa-coordinated iridium catalysts control the reactivity of the direct reductive amination between aliphatic amines and aliphatic ketones: a DFT-guided mechanism
Authors: Lin Hao , Li Longfei , Liu Lanbo , Li Zhihui , Nguyen Thi-Mo , Jouffroy Matthieu , Gramage-Doria Rafael
Published: June 2024

The mechanism of the iridium-catalysed direct reductive amination between aliphatic partners was studied by DFT calculations leading to important changes in the rate-determining step depending on the nature of the ligand coordinating to iridium.
Influence of oxygen distribution on the Li-ion conductivity in oxy-sulfide glasses – taking a closer look
Authors: Zimmermanns Ramon , Luo Xianlin , Hansen Anna-Lena , Sadowski Marcel , Fu Qiang , Albe Karsten , Indris Sylvio , Knapp Michael , Ehrenberg Helmut
Published: June 2024

Li3POxS4-x is synthesised using different sets of precursors, followed by a detailed structural analysis to establish links between the atomic structure and Li-ion conductivity of the materials.
Zinc supplementation alleviates oxidative stress to inhibit chronic gastritis via the ROS/NF-κB pathway in a mouse model
Authors: Sun Xiaoran , Xu Shuang , Liu Tianjing , Wu Jiawei , Yang Jie , Gao Xue-jiao
Published: June 2024

Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element; it is involved in the regulation and maintenance of many physiological functions in organisms and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Enhancing ammonium-ion storage in Mo-doped VO2 (B) nanobelt-bundles anode for aqueous ammonium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Long , Zhang Jie , Wang Zuoshu , Wang Dewei
Published: June 2024

The introduction of molybdenum (Mo) atoms into the VO2 (B) material can optimize its electronic structure and morphology, thereby improving the storage capacity and cycling stability of the resulting aqueous ammonium ion rechargeable batteries.
Chemodivergent phosphonylation of diazocarboxylates: light-on vs. light-off reactions
Authors: Pathak Jalaj Kumar , Kant Ruchir , Rastogi Namrata
Published: June 2024

The reaction between a-diazocarboxylates and trialkylphosphites under thermal and photochemical conditions results into N–P and C–P bond formation, respectively. The diazo substrates act as electrophiles in the former case and as carbene precursors in the later case.
Synthesis of constrained bicycloalkanes through bibase-promoted brook rearrangement/radical-polar crossover cyclization
Authors: Ouyang Xinke , Shi Bingyao , Zhao Yuanyuan , Zhu Zhimin , Li Ziyang , Yang Yuxin , Shu Chao
Published: June 2024

A concise protocol for the synthesis of constrained bicycloalkanes has been developed, using easily obtainable α-silyl alcohols and alkenes through a bibase-promoted brook rearrangement/radical-polar crossover cyclization (RPCC) process.
Exploring the uncharted territory of the potential protein–protein interactions of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase
Authors: Provost Joseph J. , Parente Amy D. , Slade Kristin M. , Wiese Thomas J.
Published: June 2024

In this review, we examine the protein–protein interactions of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH), an under-studied area in cellular metabolism. We provide a comprehensive overview of MDH involvement in metabolism, especially its interactions with metabolic partners and dynamics of changing metabolism. We present an analysis of the biophysical nature of these interactions and the current methods used to study them. Our review includes an assessment of computational docking studies, which offer initial hypotheses about potential MDH interaction partners. Furthermore, we provide a summary of the sparse yet insightful experimental evidence available, establishing a foundation for future research. By integrating biophysical analysis and methodological advancements, this paper aims to illuminate the intricate network of interactions involving cytosolic MDH and their metabolic implications. This work not only contributes to our understanding of MDH’s role in metabolism but also highlights the potential impact of these interactions in metabolic disorders.
Monitoring of objects of accumulated environmental damage at the mouth of the Kharlovka River (Murmansk region)
Authors: Menshakova Maria , Gainanova Ramziya , Bannikova Yulia
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of monitoring of objects of accumulated environmental damage (ECD) on the coast of the Barents Sea in the vicinity of the mouth of the Kharlovka River (Murmansk region), adjacent to the “Seven Islands Archipelago” section of the Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve (SNP), where marine life nests en masse birds. The relevance of monitoring the ecosystems of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is associated with the need to take into account their high environmental significance when designing measures for the elimination of NEU and reclamation. The purpose of the study is to assess the NES in the area of the mouth of the Kharlovka River. A comprehensive engineering and environmental survey included an inventory of NEU facilities, identification and accounting of the amount of accumulated waste. For the first time, the content of pollutants in soils in waste disposal sites in this area was studied. For two NEU facilities in the water protection zone of the Barents Sea, a high level of pollution with oil products is shown. It has been established that the content of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in the soil is at an acceptable level. The state of the soil cover indicates the beginning of soil degradation at the mouth of the Kharlovka River even during the creation of a storage facility for fuels and lubricants; now on more than a third of the area the fertile layer is completely absent, the rest has fragmented soil and vegetation cover. High levels of contamination of well-drained sandy soil with petroleum products pose a threat of leaching of pollutants with surface runoff and further accumulation in food chains. In connection with this, the elimination of non-reinforced plants at the mouth of the Kharlovka River requires the use of highly effective soil remediation methods.
Taxonomic insights into the genus Rosa L. from the National Herbarium of Uzbekistan Collection
Authors: Ismonova Gulmira , Naralieva Nasibakhon M. , Ibrokhimova Gulbakhorkhon , Karimov Bobur , Yusupov Ziyoviddin
Published: June 2024

The National Herbarium of Uzbekistan (TASH) kept over 1.5 million specimens but the diversity of Rosa had not been thoroughly recorded. This study documented 3,800 Rosa specimens encompassing 93 taxa. The most common were R. webbiana, R. kokanica, R. canina. An additional 106 were unidentified. Species distributions across Uzbekistan's regions were mapped. Cross-referencing names revealed 39 taxa lacking scientific names. Comparisons identified taxonomic synonyms. Specimens ranged from 1901-2020 but most were from 1920-1960. This research provides the first analysis of TASH's Rosa, establishing a baseline dataset and taxonomic insights to support future investigations into Uzbekistan's Rosa diversity and biogeography.
Anatomical structure of the seeds of Ajuga turkestanica (Regel) Briq.
Authors: Egamberdiev Akmal , Mamatkulov Orozbay , Berdibaeva Dilafuza , Nigmatullaev Bakhtiyar
Published: June 2024

The article provides detailed information about the anatomical structure of the seeds of Ajuga turkestanica (Regel) Briq. When studying the anatomical structure of the seed of the A. turkestanica plant in cross section under a microscope, it was noticed that the seed coat is thick and multilayered. The seed coat of the A. turkestanica plant plays an important role in protecting the embryo and provides a barrier against environmental stress. The structure of the seed coat may vary depending on the type of plant; it consists of several layers. Anatomical analysis revealed that the seed of the A.turkestanica plant is a seed without endosperm. In cases where the embryo absorbs the endosperm, its function changes slightly, and it begins to accumulate nutrients. In addition, nutrients accumulate in the perisperm. The perisperm is located under the seed coat and develops from the nucellus of the ovule. The embryo of such seeds becomes much smaller, surrounded on all sides by storage tissue. Since the endosperm and perisperm are attached to the embryo, during seed germination the embryo sucks out all the nutrients from the seed. In the process of studying the anatomical structure of the seed of the A. turkestanica plant in the conditions of Uzbekistan, it was established that the seed does not have endosperm, the seed coat consists of many layers, the pulp absorbs the endosperm, and the presence of nutrients in the perisperm are diagnostic characteristics of the species.
Impact of climate change on the fauna of passerines (Passeriformes) in urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Stamaliev Kutmanaly , Abdykaarov Abdimannap , Kulbaev Abdusattar , Abdisatarov Kambarali , Samatova Abiba
Published: June 2024

The article examines the impact of climate change on the fauna of passerines (Passeriformes) in the urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan. The study was carried out using the method of line transects (route censuses). In the urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan, 84 species of passerines belonging to 19 families and 34 genera have been identified. According to the nature of their stay, there are 29 nestling, 9 wintering, 9 transient, 1 vagrant, and 36 sedentary species. The transition of bird species into the category of “sedentary” was established: previously considered a migrant species - the yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava) and nestling - the common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), blue-headed (Motacilla citreola) and masked wagtail (Motacilla personata). An analysis of the distribution of birds by biotopes, their population density, quantitative indicators by season and the nature of their stay was carried out. The avifaunal formation of urban ecosystems mainly occurs due to birds inhabiting natural and transformed biotopes in the urban surroundings. It has been proven that the formation of avifauna depends on the nature of the presence of birds, seasonal migrations, the abundance and nature of food, the availability of nesting sites, and “disturbance factors.” Their adaptation is directly related to the species of birds arriving from agricultural areas, hilly, steppe biotopes, sylvi- and petricol landscapes. According to ecological groups, 16 species of birds belong to urbophiles, and 21 species belong to urbophobes.
Replenishing the biodiversity of cultivated plants with new varieties of Paeonia hybrida
Authors: Reut Antonina
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of breeding studies with representatives of the generic complex Paeonia L. at the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. The goal of the work is to create local highly decorative varieties of P. hybrida hort. for the climatic zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan with good resistance to diseases and pests, high winter hardiness and heat resistance. Beginning in the 1950s of the 20th century, a collection fund of the complex of Paeonia family was formed in the botanical garden of the city of Ufa. This made it possible to select parental forms with specified decorative characteristics for hybridization. In 1999-2000, garden employees carried out crossbreeding combinations between certain varieties of Paeonia, and also collected seeds from free pollination. As a result, by sowing the resulting seeds in open ground, about 200 seedlings were grown from forced pollination and 22 from free pollination. When the hybrids reached the generative phase of development, they were carefully selected according to the main decorative characteristics (color, doubleness, flower size) and samples were selected that were superior to the parent varieties or were especially noticeable in one of them. The selected hybrids, upon reaching the period of full and mass flowering, were evaluated according to the method of the State Variety Test of the Russian Federation. Already from them, 11 especially interesting hybrid seedlings, distinguished by their decorative characteristics, were selected for transfer to the state variety plot for breeding testing. Descriptions of new varieties of P. hybrida hort. are given (‘Bashkirskaya Zhemchuzhinka’, ‘Bashkirskiy Suvenir’, ‘Geliya’, ‘Kruzhevo Sada’, ‘Minzifa’, ‘Pamyati A.S. Sakharovoy’, ‘Ural’skaya Fantaziya’, ‘Ufimskiy Val’s’, ‘Ufimskiy Rassvet’, ‘Yubileynyy YuUBSI’, ‘Yantarnoye Ozherel’ye’), included in the State Register. All cultivars bred in the botanical garden are resistant to adverse weather conditions, pests and diseases, winter-hardy and drought-resistant. They are recommended for inclusion in the range of cultivated plants used for landscaping in populated areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and in central Russia in general.
Was tun, wenn’s Streit gibt? – Konfliktmanagement
Authors: Holtmeier Lisa
Published: June 2024

Konflikte kommen in den besten Teams vor – selbst wenn diese sehr effektiv arbeiten und gut funktionieren. Doch diese Kontroversen lassen sich nutzen: als Gelegenheit zur Verbesserung der Kommunikation, zur Förderung von Kreativität und zur Entwicklung von innovativen Lösungen. In diesem Artikel erfahren Sie, welche Arten von Konflikten es gibt, wie Sie gemeinsam damit umgehen können und welche Möglichkeiten der Prävention es gibt.