bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Management of Congenital Granular Cell Lesion and Neonatal Teeth: A Case Report
Authors: Tak Min-Kyung , Kim Jae-Gon , Yang Yeon-Mi , Lee Dae-Woo
Published: September 2021

Congenital granular cell lesion (CGCL) is a rare benign oral cavity tumor in infants. Neonatal teeth are also rare dental anomalies that appear during the first month of life. This report describes a case of eruption of neonatal teeth after surgical excision of CGCL. Surprisingly, residual neonatal teeth erupted after extraction of the neonatal teeth. If neonatal teeth are mobile, they should be carefully extracted with curettage of the underlying tissues of the dental papilla; failure to curette the socket might result in eruption of odontogenic remnants. If neonatal teeth were exfoliated, parents should be informed of the need for regular checkups with a dentist due to possibility of development of residual neonatal teeth.
In situmeasurement of seismic shear-wave absorption in the San Francisco Holocene Bay Mud by the pulse-broadening method
Authors: Liu Hsi-Ping , Warrick Richard E. , Westerlund Robert E. , Kayen Robert E.
Published: September 2021

By the pulse-broadening method, seismic absorption of San Francisco Holocene Bay Mud has been determined with the use of an impulsive shear-wave source at the surface, two receivers embedded in clay (Holocene Bay Mud), and digital seismic recording. The seismic anelastic quality factor is determined from 20 measurements to be 16.0 with a random error of ±0.9. Three sources of systematic error are examined. The fractional systematic error on the anelastic quality factor is estimated to be ∼ 11%. Details of experimental arrangement and error analysis are given.
The attenuation of seismic shear waves in quaternary alluvium in Santa Clara Valley, California
Authors: Gibbs James F. , Boore David M. , Joyner William B. , Fumal Thomas E.
Published: September 2021

We used shear waves, generated by an air-powered source at the ground surface and recorded in a borehole, to estimate the shear-wave quality factor at strong-motion station Gilroy no. 2. We find similar values of Q using both the decay of the spectra with depth and the slope of the spectral ratio at two depths; we find no evidence of a frequency dependence of Q. The mean value of Q over the depth range 10 to 115 m is close to 10. The use of this value over the depth of the borehole and the observed travel time of 0.358 sec gives a cumulative attenuation factor t* of 0.036 sec for the upper 180 m of the Quaternary alluvium. This is comparable to the differential decay between Gilroy no. 2 and a rock site 1.9 km away (Gilroy no. 1), as measured from the decay of the high-frequency spectra of accelerograms from large earthquakes, plotted on a log-linear scale: t* = 0.05, 0.04, and 0.03 sec for the 1979 Coyote Lake, 1984 Morgan Hill, and 1989 Loma Prieta earthquakes, respectively. The similarity between the attenuations measured from the low-strain surface source and those from the larger amplitude earthquake sources suggests that increases of damping due to nonlinear wave propagation effects are limited.
Calibration of time history simulation methods
Authors: Atkinson Gail M. , Somerville Paul G.
Published: September 2021

Ground-motion time histories for use in engineering analyses of structures in eastern North America are often simulated from seismological models, owing to the paucity of real recordings in the magnitude and distance ranges of interest. Two simulation methods have been widely used in recent years: the stochastic method and the ray-theory method. In the stochastic method, as implemented in this study, ground motion is treated as filtered Gaussian noise whose underlying spectrum is determined from an empirical region-specific seismological model of the source and propagation processes. In the ray-theory method, as implemented in this study, the ground motions are simulated by convolving an empirical source function with theoretical Green's functions for a specified crustal structure model. This article compares results of the two simulation methods for four well-recorded “calibration” events and assesses the applicability of the methods. The assessment is based on comparisons of ground-motion parameters from the simulated data with those of the actual recordings.

Ground-motion parameters in the frequency range from 1 to 10 Hz are satisfactorily predicted by both methods. Averaged over the four events studied, the stochastic method underpredicts 1-Hz response spectra by 20 to 40% but accurately predicts response spectra for frequencies of greater than 2 Hz; it also accurately predicts peak ground acceleration and velocity. The wave-propagation method underpredicts 1-Hz response spectra by 10 to 40% but accurately predicts response spectra for higher frequencies; it overpredicts peak ground acceleration and velocity by 10 to 40%. Both methods are imprecise: the standard error of an estimate is a factor of about 2.2.

The bias and standard error of an estimate for the wave-propagation method are generally slightly lower than for the stochastic method, if the focal depth of the event can be specified (i.e., as for a past earthquake). If the focal depth of the event is not known (i.e., as for a future earthquake) then the accuracy and precision of the two methods are about the same. The chief advantage of the wave-propagation method is its predictive power; since its attenuation function is derived from the focal depth and crustal structure it does not require knowledge of the empirical attenuation function. The chief advantage of the stochastic model is its economy and simplicity.
Shear zones formed along long, straight traces of fault zones during the 28 June 1992 Landers, California, earthquake
Authors: Johnson Arvid M. , Fleming Robert W. , Cruikshank Kenneth M.
Published: September 2021

Surface rupturing during the 28 June 1992 Landers, California, earthquake, east of Los Angeles, accommodated right-lateral offsets up to about 6 m along segments of distinct, en-echelon fault zones with a total length of 80 km. The offsets were accommodated generally not by faults—distinct slip surfaces—but rather by shear zones, tabular bands of localized shearing. Along simple stretches of fault zones at Landers the rupture is characterized by telescoping of shear zones and intensification of shearing: broad shear zones of mild shearing, containing narrow shear zones of more intense shearing, containing even narrower shear zones of very intense shearing, which may contain a fault. Thus the ground ruptured across broad belts of shearing with clearly defined, subparallel walls, oriented NW. Each broad belt consists of a broad zone of mild shearing, extending across its entire width (50 to 200 m), and much narrower (a few meters wide) shear zones that accommodate most of the offset of the belt and are portrayed by en-echelon tension cracks. In response to right-lateral shearing, the slices of ground bounded by the tension cracks rotated in a clockwise sense, producing left-lateral shearing, and the slices were forced against the walls of the shear zone, producing thrusting. Even narrower shear zones formed within the narrow shear zones. Although these probably are guides to right-lateral fault segments below, the surface rupturing during the earthquake is characterized not by faulting, but by the formation of shear zones at various scales.
Surface breakage of the 1992 Landers earthquake and its effects on structures
Authors: Lazarte Carlos A. , Bray Jonathan D. , Johnson Arvid M. , Lemmer Robert E.
Published: September 2021

The Landers, California, earthquake (Mw = 7.3) provides an exceptional opportunity to study surface rupture of an earthquake fault. Detailed maps of the lateral distribution of fracturing adjacent to main traces show that rupture patterns are much more complex than documented in past studies of surface ruptures. The rupture occurs in tabular zones, up to hundreds of meters wide. A main trace within each rupture zone accommodates much of the shear deformation, but considerable fracturing occurs throughout the tabular zone. The en-echelon pattern of fracturing in step-over zones between main traces is typically even more complex than those along major fault zones. Inspection of several on-grade concrete slabs indicates that unreinforced concrete foundations generally crack when subjected to distinct ground ruptures beneath them or when they are twisted because of differential ground movements across broad zones. Methods of mitigating the potential hazards associated with earthquake fault rupture are presented.
Continuous borehole strain in the San Andreas fault zone before, during, and after the 28 June 1992, MW 7.3 Landers, California, earthquake
Authors: Johnston M. J. S. , Linde A. T. , Agnew D. C.
Published: September 2021

High-precision strain was observed with a borehole dilational strainmeter in the Devil's Punchbowl during the 11:58 UT 28 June 1992 MW 7.3 Landers earthquake and the large Big Bear aftershock (MW 6.3). The strainmeter is installed at a depth of 176 m in the fault zone approximately midway between the surface traces of the San Andreas and Punchbowl faults and is about 100 km from the 85-km-long Landers rupture. We have questioned whether unusual amplified strains indicating precursive slip or high fault compliance occurred on the faults ruptured by the Landers earthquake, or in the San Andreas fault zone before and during the earthquake, whether static offsets for both the Landers and Big Bear earthquakes agree with expectation from geodetic and seismologic models of the ruptures and with observations from a nearby two-color geodimeter network, and whether postseismic behavior indicated continued slip on the Landers rupture or local triggered slip on the San Andreas. We show that the strain observed during the earthquake at this instrument shows no apparent amplification effects. There are no indications of precursive strain in these strain data due to either local slip on the San Andreas or precursive slip on the eventual Landers rupture. The observations are generally consistent with models of the earthquake in which fault geometry and slip have the same form as that determined by either inversion of the seismic data or inversion of geodetically determined ground displacements produced by the earthquake. Finally, there are some indications of minor postseismic behavior, particularly during the month following the earthquake.
On estimating the amount of blasts in seismic catalogs with Schuster's method
Authors: Rydelek Paul A. , Hass Lotte
Published: September 2021

The events in a seismic catalog are represented by phasors of unit amplitude and with phase angles determined from the local time of occurrence of the events. A graphical display of the cumulative sum of these phasors reveals information about the distribution of the events in the catalog. The length of the resulting phasor walkout is used to test the catalog against the null hypothesis of random (Poissonian) seismicity. A statistically significant walkout in an otherwise complete catalog suggests nonrandom seismicity that could be due to the presence of misidentified blasts. We show how the length and orientation of the phasor walkout may be used in Schuster's method to estimate the amount of blast contamination in a catalog.
Parametric analysis and calibration of the STS-1 seismometer of the IRIS/IDA Seismographic Network
Authors: Fels Jean-Francois , Berger Jon
Published: September 2021

We have estimated the observed system response of STS-1 sensors installed at stations of the IRIS/IDA Seismographic Network using cross-spectral analysis of random binary calibration signals. Systematic deviations of up to 1% in amplitude and 1° in phase between the measured and the manufacturers “nominal” responses are observed in the range 0.2 to 100 mHz and up to 12% in amplitude and 5° in phase for frequencies above 5 Hz. A parametric analysis of the STS-1 seismometer is developed that leads to a more complete pole and zero model of the sensor, accounting accurately both for small changes in individual instrument parameters and for the effects of an incomplete compensation of the mechanical response by the feedback circuit. This model is then used to fit the observed responses with a precision of 0.2% for the amplitude and 0.1° for the phase over the entire useful bandwidth of the instrument.
Six-degree-of-freedom ground-motion measurement
Authors: Nigbor Robert L.
Published: September 2021

True six-degree-of-freedom (6DOF) measurement of free-field strong ground motion has been accomplished using a prototype 6DOF accelerograph system. This system consists of a traditional triaxial translational accelerometer, three new rotational velocity sensors, and a digital data logger.

Rotational and translational ground motions at a single free-field location were measured successfully during the recent NPE event, a very large (1 kton) chemical explosion. Peak vertical acceleration at the near-field measurement site exceeded 1g for this event; the peak measured rotational velocity was 2.2°/sec. Earthquake strong-ground-motion measurements are currently in progress.
Rayleigh-wave scattering at various wedge corners: Investigation in the wider range of wedge angles
Authors: Fujii Kazunari
Published: September 2021

A mathematically simple procedure was developed that secures a great increase in the range of wedge angles for which numerical computation of the reflection and transmission coefficients of Rayleigh waves in a wedge-shaped medium can be performed. Whereas in previous research the range of angles in such a medium for which computation was possible was treated as necessarily lying between 72° and 108°, the present procedure extends that range to between 36° and 180°. Furthermore, by completely separating the poles located on the original integral path, it becomes possible to perform numerical calculations on the original path itself. The numerical results thus obtained were found to coincide almost perfectly with experimental ones. It is pointed out that in cases of wedge angles exceeding 180°, the present procedure allows a greater extension of the computable range than was previously possible. Moreover, the features of scattered body waves inside wedges are discussed over the wide range of wedge angles.
Artificial neural network-based seismic detector
Authors: Wang Jin , Teng Ta-Liang
Published: September 2021

An artificial neural network-based pattern classification system is applied to seismic event detection. We have designed two types of Artificial Neural Detector (AND) for real-time earthquake detection. Type A artificial neural detector (AND-A) uses the recursive STA/LTA time series as input data, and type B (AND-B) uses moving window spectrograms as input data to detect earthquake signals. The two AND's are trained under supervised learning by using a set of seismic recordings, and then the trained AND's are applied to another set of recordings for testing. Results show that the accuracy of the artificial neural network-based seismic detectors is better than that of the conventional algorithms solely based on the STA/LTA threshold. This is especially true for signals with either low signal-to-noise ratio or spikelike noises.
Rupture directivity and slip distribution for the Ms 6.8 earthquake of 6 April 1992, Offshore British Columbia: An application of the empirical Green's function method using surface waves
Authors: Cassidy John F.
Published: September 2021

On 6 April 1992 at 13:55 UT, an earthquake of Ms = 6.8 occurred along the Revere-Dellwood-Wilson (RDW) fault, in the triple-junction region at the northern end of the Cascadia subduction zone. This was the first significant event in this region recorded by modern digital broadband seismic networks, thus providing the first opportunity to examine the rupture process of a major earthquake along this young oceanic transform fault. In this article, an empirical Green's Function technique is applied to regional and teleseismic surface waves to estimate the rupture directivity, the extent of rupture, and the slip distribution along the Revere-Dellwood-Wilson fault associated with this earthquake. The 20-sec low-pass-filtered relative source time functions (RSTF's) are single pulses with an azimuthal variation in the pulse width. This suggests that the rupture propagated to the NW (315° ± 20°), along the Revere-Dellwood-Wilson fault (striking 326°). Higher frequency RSTF's reveal two discrete subevents. The clear azimuthal variation in the time separation of these subevents requires that relative to the first subevent, the second is located 13 to 20 km in the direction 345° ± 20°. Using the RSTF at HRV (perpendicular to the rupture direction), a total rupture length of 35 km is estimated, with the bulk of the slip concentrated in a 20-km-long segment of the RDW fault to the northwest of the epicenter. Two peaks are observed in the estimated slip distribution, with maximum values of 1.8 and 1.1 m, respectively. The rupture model derived from this analysis is similar to that obtained from the analysis of body waves and is consistent with the results of aftershock studies. The latter indicate a paucity of aftershock activity (and low moment release) in the 20-km-long segment of the RDW fault to the NW of the epicenter. A distinct peak in aftershock activity 30 to 40 km to the NW of the epicenter likely represents the termination of rupture. The good agreement between the results of this study, the rupture model estimated from body-wave analysis, and the aftershock distribution bode well for the application of the empirical Green's function method using surface waves. It suggests that this method could be applied to large, historic earthquakes in this region, for which regional and teleseismic surface waves are often the most reliable data set.
A high-frequency magnitude scale
Authors: Atkinson Gail M. , Hanks Thomas C.
Published: September 2021

A high-frequency magnitude scale (m) is proposed: m=2log⁡a˜hf+3, where ãhf is the high-frequency level of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of acceleration in cm/sec (average or random horizontal component), at a hypocentral or closest fault distance of 10 km. m can be determined from either instrumental data or the felt area of an earthquake.

The definition of m has been arranged such that m = M (moment magnitude) for events of “average” stress drop, in both eastern North America (ENA) and California. m provides a measure of the stress drop if M is also known. The observed relationship between m and M indicates that the average stress drop is about 150 bars for ENA earthquakes, and about 70 bars for California earthquakes. The variability of stress drop is much larger in ENA than in California.

The chief justification for the m scale is its utility in the interpretation of the large preinstrumental earthquakes that are so important to seismic hazard estimation in eastern North America. For such events, m can be determined more reliably than can M or mN (Nuttli magnitude), and forms a much better basis for estimating high-frequency ground motions. When used as a pair, m and M provide a good index of ground motion over the entire engineering frequency band. If both of these magnitudes can be defined for an earthquake then a ground-motion model, such as the stochastic model, can be used to obtain reliable estimates of response spectra and peak ground motions.
Source parameters of aftershocks of the 1991 Costa Rica and 1992 Cape Mendocino, California, earthquakes from inversion of local amplitude ratios and broadband waveforms
Authors: Schwartz Susan Y.
Published: September 2021

Source parameters of aftershocks of the 22 April 1991 (MW = 7.7) Costa Rica and the 25 April 1992 (MW = 7.1) Cape Mendocino, California, earthquakes are determined using a grid search inversion of P, SH, and SV amplitude ratios recorded by sparse local networks of three-component broadband and short-period stations. The inversion procedure consists of computing synthetic seismograms for three fundamental fault orientations for all source-receiver pairs over a range of source depths; calculating the complex envelopes of the observed and synthetic seismograms to determine peak amplitudes of P, SH, and SV waves; combining the fundamental fault amplitudes for all possible values of strike, dip, and rake, at 10° increments; and determining the best fault orientation and depth as the one that yields the smallest misfit between observed and synthetic P/SH, P/SV, and SV/SH amplitude ratios. The ambiguity in the sense of motion on the nodal planes, arising due to the use of amplitude ratios, is resolved by examining P-wave polarities. The sensitivity of source parameters to uncertainties in earthquake location and crustal structure is explored. For events with good station coverage, focal mechanism determinations are stable for a wide range of assumed values of crustal structure, earthquake location, and depth. Source parameters for many of the largest events (M > 3.4) are also determined by inversion of broadband displacement waveforms using a similar grid-search technique. Comparable results were obtained using both broadband waveforms and amplitude ratios. Focal mechanism solutions for 20 aftershocks of the Costa Rica earthquake reveal a complicated faulting geometry, indicating active thrust, normal, and strike-slip faults in the back-arc of Costa Rica. The 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquake occurred at the intersection of the North American, Gorda, and Pacific plates. While the mainshock was associated with underthrusting of the Gorda plate beneath the North American plate, fault plane solutions for 70% of the 38 largest aftershocks indicate that these events result from either motion between the Gorda and Pacific plates or from internal deformation within the Gorda plate.
Inadvertent changes in magnitude reported in earthquake catalogs: Their evaluation through b-value estimates
Authors: Zúñiga F. Ramón , Wyss Max
Published: September 2021

A simple procedure is presented for analyzing magnitudes and seismicity rates reported in earthquake catalogs in order to discriminate between inadvertently introduced changes in magnitude and real seismicity changes. We assume that the rate and the frequency-magnitude relation of the independent background seismicity do not change with time. Observed differences in the frequency-magnitude relation (a and b values) between data from two periods are modeled as due to a transformation of the magnitude scale. The transformation equation is found by a least-squares-fitting process based on the seismicity data for earthquakes large enough to be reported completely and by comparing the linear relation of one period to the other. For smaller events, an additional factor accounting for increased (decreased) detection is allowed. This fitting technique is tested on a data set from Parkfield for which two types of magnitudes, amplitude and duration, were computed for each earthquake. We found that the b-value fitting technique yielded virtually the same result as a linear regression assuming the same errors in the two magnitudes. The technique is also applied to interpret the nature of reporting rate changes in a local (Guerrero, Mexico) and a regional (Italy) earthquake catalog. In Guerrero, a magnitude change in 1991.37 can be modeled about equally well by Mnew = Mold + 0.5 or by Mnew = 1.02 Mold + 0.38, but residuals with the latter transformation are smaller. In Italy, a magnitude change in 1980.21 cannot be modeled satisfactorily by a simple magnitude shift but is well described by a compression of the magnitude scale given by Mnew = 0.67 Mold + 1.03.

The proposed b-slope fitting method provides a means to interpret quantitatively, and in some cases correct for, artificial reporting rate changes in earthquake catalogs.
Testing a model of earthquake nucleation
Authors: Abercrombie Rachel E. , Agnew Duncan C. , Wyatt Frank K.
Published: September 2021

Some laboratory models of slip find that a critical amount (or velocity) of slow slip is required over a nucleation patch before dynamic failure begins. Typically, such patch sizes, when extrapolated to earthquakes, have been thought to be very small and the precursory slip undetectable. Ohnaka (1992, 1993) has proposed a model in which foreshocks delineate a growing zone of quasi-static slip that nucleates the dynamic rupture and suggests that it could be large enough (∼10 km across) to be detectable and thus useful for short-term earthquake prediction. The 1992 Landers earthquake (M 7.3) had a distinctive foreshock sequence and initiated only 70 km from the strain meters at the Piñon Flat Observatory (PFO). We use this earthquake to investigate the validity and usefulness of Ohnaka's model. The accurate relocations of Dodge et al. (1995) show that the foreshock zone can be interpreted as expanding from an area of 800 m (along strike) by 900 m (in depth), to 2000 by 3200 m in the 6.5 hr before the mainshock. We have calculated the deformation signals expected both at PFO and 20 km from the foreshock zone, assuming either constant slip or constant stress drop on a circular patch expanding at 5 cm/sec over 6.5 hr. We find the slips or stress drops would have to have been implausibly high (meters or kilobars) to have been detectable on the strain meters at PFO. Slightly better limits are possible only 20 km from the source. Even though the distance from Landers to PFO is small compared with the average spacing of strain meters in California, we are unable to prove or disprove Ohnaka's model of earthquake nucleation. This suggests that even if the model is valid, it will not be useful for short-term prediction.
Monolíngues? Uma investigação sobre o reconhecimento de palavras cognatas português-inglês
Authors: Ernandes Maylton Silva F , Estivalet Gustavo Lopez , Leitão Márcio Martins
Published: September 2021

Palavras cognatas são conhecidas por dividirem semelhanças formais e semânticas entre duas ou mais línguas, possivelmente dividindo representações no léxico mental. Nesse sentido, as palavras cognatas possuem diferentes graus de semelhança, como por exemplo pares do português-inglês: cognatos perfeitos “banana”, cognatos de alto grau “momento-moment” e cognatas de baixo grau “noite-night”. Focalizando a relação formal e independentemente do conhecimento bilíngue, como as palavras cognatas do português-inglês são reconhecidas por monolíngues? O presente artigo tem o objetivo de investigar o reconhecimento de palavras cognatas do português-inglês por monolíngues através do grau de semelhança ortográfica. Para tanto, aplicamos um experimento de julgamento de aceitabilidade entre pares de palavras cognatas. Com o objetivo de se pesquisar o grau de similaridade, utilizou-se a Distância de Levenshtein Normalizada entre as palavras cognatas. Os resultados apontaram uma correlação significativa entre o julgamento de aceitabilidade e este coeficiente. Portanto, os resultados indicaram que mesmo participantes não-bilíngues são capazes de reconhecer a granularidade da semelhança ortográfica. Ainda, de forma exploratória, foi possível determinar o coeficiente a partir do qual as palavras podem ser consideradas pares cognatos. Enfim, espera-se que o presente estudo permita uma melhor compreensão das palavras cognatas assim como provoque uma reflexão do monolinguismo.
O engenheiro Joaquim Cardozo dentro do livro O engenheiro de João Cabral
Authors: Correia Éverton Barbosa
Published: September 2021

Em meio às composições coligidas no livro O engenheiro (1945), muita ênfase foi dada ao poema “A Carlos Drummond de Andrade”, ladeado pelo outro “A Joaquim Cardozo”, que quase não teve repercussão alguma. A partir do cotejo entre as duas homenagens poéticas, será feito o acompanhamento editorial do poema dedicado ao engenheiro profissional e poeta, para conferir o valor comunicativo de sua representação naquele contexto de pronunciamento específico. De igual modo, a análise deste poema será desenvolvida de acordo com suas variações ao longo da produção autoral de João Cabral de Melo Neto por meio das reedições do livro que o coligiu. Para tanto, serão acionadas a edição princeps do volume, sua reedição em Duas águas (1956) e a fixação do poema na década seguinte, quando as Poesias completas (1968) foram publicadas. Como contraponto ao perfil literário de Joaquim Cardozo esboçado pelo autor, será acionado o depoimento de Oscar Niemeyer em Minha experiência em Brasília (1961) sobre a atuação de seu amigo e engenheiro dileto no ofício comum a ambos.
Literatura e tecnologia
Authors: Pereira Vinicius Carvalho
Published: September 2021

Dentro dos estudos sobre Literatura e Tecnologia no Brasil, cabe lançar maior luz sobre as poéticas de vanguarda do século XX que tomaram o livro impresso como máquina a ser desmontada, transformada e reengenhada. Nesse contexto, o poeta, designer e artista multimodal Wlademir Dias-Pino antecipou, no suporte do papel, conquistas estéticas que só mais tarde seriam realizadas em meio digital. Antes do advento da literatura eletrônica, o artista já fizera do poema uma máquina analógica, cujas engrenagens variavam do verbal ao não verbal, do colorido ao preto e branco, do discursivo ao fragmentário. Neste artigo, procede-se a uma leitura por desmonte, isto é, a uma engenharia reversa, da imbricação entre o literário e o maquínico na poética de Wlademir Dias-Pino, com enfoque nos textos “A máquina que ri”, A máquina ou a coisa em si, A AVE e um de seus poemas-processo sem título, a fim de compreender como, ainda em meio analógico, o artista propôs uma estética de engrenagens visuais, voltagens poéticas e tensões imagéticas.
Estudo prosódico comparativo de declarativas e interrogativas totais do português brasileiro e do português europeu
Authors: Antunes Leandra Batista
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar a prosódia utilizada em sentenças declarativas e interrogativas no português brasileiro (falado nas cidades de Belém, Belo Horizonte, Florianópolis e São Paulo) e no português europeu – falado nas cidades de Vinhais (continente), Fenais (ilhas Açores) e Calheta (ilha da Madeira). Foram explorados acusticamente os parâmetros de frequência fundamental, duração e intensidade em 252 enunciados que figuram no corpus AMPER-Por. Os movimentos melódicos pré-nuclear, nuclear e final foram observados e permitiram encontrar algumas diferenças entre o português brasileiro e o europeu, principalmente aquele falado nas ilhas. Em relação à duração, a principal diferença entre o português brasileiro e o europeu consiste na maior duração nos dados do Brasil. A intensidade não se mostrou um parâmetro relevante para diferenciar prosodicamente o português europeu do brasileiro.
The Problem of Developing the Cognitive Interest of Modern Teenagers in Classical Music: Methodical Aspect
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Ovsyannikova Vera A. , Kruglova Marina G. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: September 2021

The development of classical music traditions in Russian culture testifies to its enormous potential and significance in the spiritual and moral development of the younger generation. However, in the modern information society, the potential of classical music in educating the personality of adolescents, in establishing the spiritual foundations of domestic society, culture and the state is not appreciated. Underestimating the role of classical music in the life of a modern teenager will contribute to the manifestation of negative trends in society and affect the life of the younger generation. Therefore, in modern society, active attempts are made to revive the interest of children and youth in classical music. To date, a methodology for forming the cognitive interest of adolescents in classical music in the conditions of extra-time activity, which occupies most of the life of modern schoolchildren, has not been developed. In this work, an attempt is made to consider the problem of developing the cognitive interest of adolescents in classical music from the point of view of modern pedagogical technologies.
Social and Psychological Nature for the Unpopularity of Motherhood with Many Children
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Basimov Mikhail M. , Padurina Elena A. ,   Kurgan State University
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the social and psychological reasons for the unpopularity of motherhood with many children. The results of a survey of 186 women of fertile age are presented. The features of the manifestation of psychological factors influencing the decision-making on motherhood with many children were revealed, in accordance with the age distribution of women in the groups “from 16 to 19 years old”, “from 20 to 24 years old”, “from 25 to 29 years old”, “from 30 to 34 years old” and “35 to 40 years old”.
Psychological Prerequisites for Motivating Prosocial Activity of Students
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Shmeleva Elena A. ,   Ivanovo State University, Basimov Mikhail M. ,   Russian State Social University, Kislyakov Pavel A. ,   Russian State Social University, Konstantinova Natalia P. ,   Russian State Social University
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the motives of prosocial activity of students. The study was conducted on a sample of students of Russian universities (Moscow, St. Petersburg, the Republics of Buryatia, Mordovia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo, and Astrakhan regions). We used the methodology for assessing the level of prosociality on the altruism scale (F. Rushton), modification of the portrait value questionnaire of Schwartz, the method “Measurement of prosocial tendencies” (G. Carlo and B.A. Randall), as well as the author’s method of multiple comparison of variables (M.M. Basimov). The study revealed comparative psychograms of groups based on the studied quantitative psychological parameters of prosocial tendencies, altruism and values of the student youth
Deconsumption – the path to liberation from consumerism
Authors: Mysona Byrska Joanna Maria
Published: September 2021

A man – the consumer in the world of consumption has one task to accomplish: to consume. However, they can wake up from the lethargy of consumptionism by reflecting on his consumptionist attitudes and thus free themselves from being subject to the rules of the world of consumption. Deconsumption comes to the rescue – an attitude that compells you to think about your own actions. In order for deconsumption to be introduced to the deconsumer, it is presented as a consumerist trend, because it is in contradiction to it as a liberating attitude from the world of consumption. Deconsumption requires the consumer to think and think for themselves. By reflecting on their own needs and behaviour, the consumer can gradually free themselves from the power of objects.
Does Education Prevent Job Loss during Downturns?: Evidence from Exogenous Schools Assignments and COVID-19 in Barbados
Authors: Beuermann Diether , Bottan Nicolas L. , Hoffmann Bridget , Jackson C. Kirabo; , Vera-Cossio Diego A.
Published: September 2021

Canonical human capital theories posit that education, by enhancing worker skills, reduces the likelihood that a worker will be laid off during times of economic change. Yet, this has not been demonstrated causally. We link administrative education records from 1987 through 2002 to nationally representative surveys conducted before and after the onset of COVID-19 in Barbados to explore the causal impact of improved education on job loss during this period. Using a regression discontinuity (RD) design, Beuermann and Jackson (2020) show that females (but not males) who score just above the admission threshold for more selective schools in Barbados attain more years of education than those that scored just below (essentially holding initial ability fixed). Here, in follow-up data, we show that these same females (but not males) are much less likely to have lost a job after the onset of COVID-19. We show that these effects are not driven by sectoral changes, or changes in labor supply. Because employers observe incumbent worker productivity, these patterns are inconsistent with pure education signaling, and they suggest that education enhances worker skill.
Методологічний підхід до формалізації процесу функціонування динамічних мультимодальних транспортних систем
Authors: Ломотько Д.В. , Примаченко Г.О.
Published: September 2021

У статті наведено результати аналізу і теоретичного узагальнення підходів до формалізації процесу функціонування динамічних мультимодальних транспортних систем за участю залізничного транспорту. Зважаючи на специфіку функціонування та управління мультимодальними транспортними системами, запропоновано підхід до комплексної оцінки загальносистемного ефекту від діяльності транспортних підприємств при мультимодальних перевезеннях на основі побудови математичних моделей кожної з підсистем мультимодальної транспортної системи. Покращення процесів управління вантажо- та контейнеропотоками передбачено за рахунок упровадження відповідних систем підтримки прийняття рішень на базі інтелектуальних технологій.
Вплив професійної підготовки кадрів у господарстві автоматики та телекомунікацій щодо забезпечення перевізного процесу
Authors: Сотник В.О. , Бойник А.Б.
Published: September 2021

У цій статті розглянуто проблему дефіциту кадрів основних професій у господарстві автоматики та телекомунікацій і його вплив на забезпечення безпеки руху поїздів. На основі аналізу чисельності контингенту масових професій, обсягу виконуваних робіт та продуктивності праці визначено вплив зменшення кількості працівників на якість технічного обслуговування пристроїв автоматики та зв’язку і забезпечення безпеки руху. Автори дійшли висновку, що зменшення чисельності працівників у господарстві автоматики та телекомунікацій на сьогоднішній день істотно не вплинуло на забезпечення безпеки  руху поїздів. Проте невідповідність між розрахунковими показниками кількості працівників основних професій і їх плановими значеннями негативно впливає на роботу господарства. Ця проблема мало вивчена і потребує подальших досліджень.
Categorização hierárquica: revisão de estudos e possibilidades de intervenção para indivíduos com e sem atraso no desenvolvimento
Authors: Rosa Bruna Nery , Silveira Carolina Coury , De Almeida João Henrique
Published: September 2021

A Teoria das Molduras Relacionais (Relational Frame Theory - RFT) explica a linguagem e cognição a partir do Responder Relacional Arbitrariamente Aplicável (RRAA). Um dos comportamentos passiveis de serem compreendidos a partir dessa perspectiva é a categorização hierárquica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as produções de literatura sobre molduras relacionais de hierarquia, com foco na avaliação, ensino e intervenções sobre categorização hierárquica. A partir do protocolo PRISMA, foram realizadas buscas a partir do Portal de Periódicos CAPES, e incluídos por meio de referências bibliográficas e por busca do Researchgate, publicações que atendiam aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: serem estudos empíricos relacionados à RFT e com treino relacional na moldura de hierarquia, focados em estabelecer a categorização. Um total de 15 publicações foram incluídas na revisão e foram classificadas em duas categorias: (a) Treino de Categorização Hierárquica e; (b) Outros. Os resultados da revisão demonstraram a existência de poucos estudos em molduras relacionais de hierarquias, incluído população com TEA. No entanto, foi possível atentar a eficiência dos procedimentos de ensino e foi destacada a importância de fomentar pesquisas na área, principalmente na população com TEA, com a perspectiva de aprimorar os currículos de ensino.
Four-Character Idioms and the Rhetoric of Japanese Shakespeare Translation
Authors: Gallimore Daniel
Published: September 2021

Yoji jukugo are idioms comprised of four characters (kanji) that can be used to enhance the textuality of a Japanese Shakespeare translation, whether in response to Shakespeare’s rhetoric or as compensation for the tendency of translation to be carried out at a lower textual register than the source. This article examines their use in two translations each of Julius Caesar by Matsuoka Kazuko (2014) and Fukuda Tsuneari (1960) and of The Merry Wives of Windsor by Matsuoka (2001) and Odashima Yūshi (1983); in both cases Matsuoka uses significantly more yoji jukugo than her predecessors. In the Julius Caesar translations their usage is noticeable in the set speeches by Antony and Brutus in 3.2, and commonly denote baseness or barbarity. In the Merry Wives translations they commonly denote dissolute behaviour, often for comic effect, and can even be used malapropistically in the target language.
The Readers of 17th-Century English Manuscript Commonplace Book Hesperides, or the Muses’ Garden
Authors: Hao Tianhu
Published: September 2021

Hesperides, or the Muses’ Garden is a 17th-century manuscript commonplace book known primarily for its Shakespearean connections. The readers of Hesperides generally combine reading and thinking, or reading and writing. Though few, Hesperides is not without its “fit audience.” In addition to the few modern scholars who have examined the manuscripts, the actual known readers of Hesperides include Humphrey Moseley the 17th-century publisher, James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps in the Victorian period, and a late-18th-century anonymous reader. The last of this group copies Shakespearean and dramatic extracts into the commonplace book and is identified through internal evidence based on paleography. The intended readers of Hesperides, including the Courtier, would make use of it as a linguistic aid, to learn how to speak and write well from literary models. They take the commonplace book as a reference library.
Effect of Supplemental Chromium, Vitamin E and Selenium on Biochemical and Physiological Parameters of Holstein Friesian Calves under Heat Stress
Authors: Sultana J. Razia , Chandra A. Sarat , Ramana D.B.V. , Raghunandan T. , Prakash M. Gnana , Venkateswarlu M.
Published: September 2021

Background: Heat stress has been a major concern in tropical, sub-tropical and arid areas affecting the performance of farm animals. Along with vitamin E and Selenium, chromium is gaining importance in combating heat stress. Methods: Twenty-four calves of 7- 8 months old with an average body weight of 172.79±4.39 kg were distributed randomly into four dietary treatment groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3). The calves of control group (T0) were fed on basal diet i.e. total mixed ration (TMR). The basal diet of T1, T2 and T3 on per kg DM basis were supplemented vitamin E (500 IU) + selenium (0.3 mg), chromium propionate (0.5 mg) and chromium propionate (0.5 mg) + vitamin E (500 IU) + selenium (0.3 mg), respectively. Ambient air temperature and humidity were measured for calculation of THI. Blood samples were collected fortnightly and the rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) of all the experimental animals were recorded twice daily to study the biochemical and physiological parameters. Result: Supplementation of chromium along with vitamin E and selenium decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) the cortisol levels and increased the albumin concentration. Chromium supplemented groups (T2 and T3) showed greater (P less than 0.05) increase in mean total protein concentration. A significant reduction in RT was observed in all the supplemented groups compared to control. Whereas, the PR and RR differed significantly in T3 group compared to control.
Implikasi Pendidikan, Pelatihan dan Kepribadian Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. BPRS Sarana Prima Mandiri Pamekasan
Authors: Syafia Fairuz , Baiquni Ach
Published: September 2021

Kinerja merupakan hal yang sangat penting yang menggambarkan tingkat pencapaian pelaksanaan kegiatan dalam mewujudkan sasaran, tujuan, visi dan misi suatu organisasi atau perusahaan yang tertuang dalam strategi perencanaan suatu organisasi atau perusahaan. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja tersebut, perlu mengetahui kebutuhan apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan suatu organisasi atau perusahaan . Salah satunya dibutuhkan karyawan yang memiliki pendidikan yang sesuai, dibutuhkan juga pelatihan kerja serta mengetahui kepribadian dari karyawan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka yang menjadi tujuan penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan, pelatihan dan kepribadian secara simultan dan parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan PT BPRS Sarana Prima Mandiri Pamekasan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif kausal dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda yang berguna untuk mengukur kekuatan hubungan suatu variabel dengan variabel lainnya dan menunjukkan arah hubungan antara variabel dependen dengan variabel independen. Penelitian ini menggunakan 52 responden sebagai sampel dari keseluruhan populasi penelitian dengan menyebarkan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji F (simultan) dan uji t (parsial). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan persamaan regresi linier berganda yaitu pendidikan terhadap kinerja karyawan tidak memiliki pengaruh. Hasil pengujian pelatihan terhadap kinerja karyawan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan, serta kepribadian terhadap kinerja karyawan juga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Hasil uji t untuk variabel pendidikan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai thitung 1,395 > ttabel 2,010 dan taraf signifiakan 0,169 > 0,05. Untuk variabel pelatohan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai thitung 2,323 > ttabel 2,010 dengan taraf siginifikan 0,024 < 0,05. Dan untuk variabel kepribadian berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai thitung 2,173 > ttabel 2,010 dengan taraf siginifikan 0,035 < 0,05. Serta pengujian hipotesis dengan uji F menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan, pelatihan dan kepribadian secara serentak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan fhitung 18,058 > ftabel 2,80 dan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05.
The model for cylinder charge parameters during engine starting
Authors: Pszczółkowski Józef
Published: September 2021

The process of cylinder charge – air sucked into the cylinder – transformation during engine start-up phase is characterized. Heat exchange and air flow through piston-cylinder group leakage processes are described as factors influencing the gas thermodynamic parameters. The Woschni formula based on similarity theory was finally used as equation describing heat transfer in combustion engines cylinder. The computational model for cylinder charge parameters in the whole engine cycle during its starting at low temperature is presented. Some taken assumptions and characteristics of partial processes resulting from the computations are shown. There are indicated the possibilities of using the model at internal combustion engine diagnostic process.
Um interminável Brasil colônia
Authors: Capiberibe Artionka
Published: September 2021

O artigo explora a disputa político-normativa que mobiliza, de um lado, os alertas feitos pelos povos indígenas sobre o esgotamento da possibilidade de vida na terra, decorrente da exploração desenfreada de seus recursos naturais, percepção corroborada pela ciência e expressa na proposição do Antropoceno; e, de outro, as articulações e estratégias de convencimento de uma ontologia mercantilista que se preocupa em manter um modelo secular de desenvolvimento baseado na exploração econômica exaustiva e não sustentável de recursos ambientais e humanos. O artigo joga luz na ação indígena, na forma que assume, sustentada na palavra e no corpo, e no que ela contempla, uma cosmopolítica desenvolvida em dois planos: um pragmático e urgente, expresso na preocupação com a existência indígena, no presente; e um outro, epistêmico-ontológico, que conecta o passado, o presente e o futuro, ao mesmo tempo que inter-relaciona nessa temporalidade todos os entes do planeta (indígenas, não indígenas, animais, seres espirituais).