bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbasis Lingkungan “Leksikon Dalam Bahasa Mbojo” Untuk Mengembangkan Kreativitas Mahasiswa
Authors: Afrianti Indah , Nur Wahyuni
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model 4-D yang terdiri dari beberapa langkah, yakni define, desain, develop and diseminasi. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan dengan tahapan: menentukan pertanyaan mendasar, mendesain perencanaan projek, menyusun jadwal, monitoring kemajuan projek, menguji proses dan hasil belajar, evaluasi pengalaman. Adapun kriteria perangkat pembelajaran yang berkualitas baik pada penelitian ini yaitu 1) valid, efektif untuk kemampuan dosen dalam mengelola pembelajaran, 2) aktif untuk kegiatan mahasiswa, 3) tuntas untuk tes kreativitas mahasiswa, dan 4) positif untuk respon mahasiswa. Luaran yang telah dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah publikasi jurnal nasional sinta 1-6 terakreditasi, buku ajar ber-ISBN, dan HKI. Teknologi yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah perangkat pembelajaran yang berupa, RPS, Worksheet, Soal Tes Kreativitas Mahasiswa, Buku Ajar ber-ISBN, dengan kategori indikator TKT-nya adalah bidang sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan bahasa Inggris. Berdasarkan hasil validasi data perangkat pembelajaran (buku ajar) bahasa inggris berbasis lingkungan dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan pada perkuliahan bahasa inggris karena disusun sesuai dengan standar penulisan bahan ajar, materi yang disajikan dengan baik, bahasa yang digunakan mudah untuk dipahami, soal yang diberikan dapat dikerjakan oleh mahasiswa. Buku ajar juga efektif dalam meningkatkan pencapaian hasil belajar mahasiswa karena terlibat secara aktif dalam menemukan materi, menemukan hubungan antara materi, mampu menerapkan pengetahuannya sehingga mahasiswa akan mampu mengkonstruksi pengetahuan yang diperoleh dari pengalamannya dan dapat meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kreativitas mahasiswa.
Pengembangan Materi Ajar Pembelajaran Sejarah Maritim menggunakan Sumber Lokal Wadu Tanda Rahi di STKIP Yapis Dompu
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati , Yusnarti Mulya
Published: November 2021

Pembelajaran sejarah Maritim di STKIP Yapis Dompu perlu dilakukan pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran dengan tujuan  untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahamahamahamahasiswa. Pembelajaran sejarah maritim yang berlangsung di STKIP Yapis Dompu Sebagian besar mengandalkan buku cetak sejarah maritim yang berorentasi secara nasional, seperti pelayaran dan perdagangan antar pulau, terjadinya interaksi budaya secara nasional serta integrasi politik yang terbangun antar wilayah. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development/R&) dengan menggunakan model FourD dengan empat tahap pengembangan yang terdiri dari Define, Desaign, Develop, dan Disseminate. Pengembangan di lakukan pada mahamahamahamahasiswa Sejarah semester 5 sejumlah 20 orang pada semester Ganjil tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Adapun hasil penelitian diperoleh Efektifitas penggunaan Perangkat pembelajaran terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis mahamahamahamahasiswa dapat dilihat dari nilai effect size yang dihitung menggunakan SPSS dan hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa nilai Cohen’s d sebesar 1.268>0.8 yang artinya bahwa efektifitas penggunaan Perangkat pembelajaran terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis mahamahamahamahasiswa termasuk ke dalam kategori besar (large) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Perangkat pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan signifikan.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Daring Berbasis Masalah pada Matakuliah Sejarah Sosial Ekonomi
Authors: Rizzaludin Rizzaludin , Taufik Taufik
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran daring matakuliah sejarah social ekonomi menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah menggunakan four-D model, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran sejarah social ekonomi secara daring menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis masalah yang berkualitas baik, vali, efektif dan tuntas, penelitian ini dilaksankan pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan sejarah yang berjumlah 20 mahasiswa tahun ajaran 2021-2022, deskripsi pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran yaitu 1) Tahap Pendefinisian. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam tahap ini adalah analisis awal-akhir, analisis siswa, analisis konsep, analisis tugas, dan spesifikasi tujuan pembelajaran; (2) Tahap Perancangan. Hasil kegiatan pada tahap ini yaitu rancangan awal perangkat pembelajaran berupa RPS, Buku Ajar, Worksheet, dan Soal Tes (3) Tahap Pengembangan, (4) Tahap Diseminasi atau penyebaran. Hasil kegiatan pada tahap ini yaitu Draft II, uji keterbacaan menghasilkan Draft III, dan kegiatan akhir yaitu uji coba Draft III, data hasil uji coba dianalisis dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa, perangkat pembelajaran berkualitas baik karena telah memenuhi syarat atau kriteria perangkat pembelajaran yang berkualitas baik berdasarkan hasil analisis data.
Supervisi Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Profesional Guru di SMA Kartika XIX-1 dan SMA PGII 2 Kota Bandung
Authors: Noviyanti Noviyanti , Suharyanto Suharyanto , Rajaminsah Rajaminsah
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini membahas hal yang berkaitan dengan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi supervisi akademik dengan program, sarana/prasarana, kurikulum dan SDM sebagai unsur instrumental input dan pengawasan/penilaian sebagai environmental input. Tujuan khusus dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi profesional guru. Landasan teologis dalam penelitian ini adalah Q.S. Al-Maidah : 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskrpitif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Perencanaan supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dengan pembuatan program supervisi dan jadwal supervisi serta pembinaan (2) Pelaksanaan supervisi akademik kepala sekolah dilaksanakan melalui kunjungan kelas dan supervisi akademik dilaksanakan secara rutin setiap tahun (3) evaluasi hasil supervisi akademik, kepala sekolah mengadakan pertemuan dengan guru yang bersangkutan untuk membicarakan hasil dari supervisi dan membicarakan rencana tindak lanjut kepada guru yang disupervisi. Simpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa dengan adanya supervisi akademik kepala sekolah, kompetensi profesional guru mata pelajaran dapat terlihat dari meningkatnya kemampuan penguasaan materi dan ilmu pengetahuan yang dapat di apikasikan didalam kelas sehingga dapat terciptanya pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan kreatif sehingga tercapainya kualitas lulusan yang bermutu.
Evaluasi Program Pelaksanaan Penilaian Akhir Tahun Berbasis Daring di SMA Takhasus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo
Authors: Nisa Khoirun , Mustahal Muhammad , Fuadah Ulil
Published: November 2021

Evaluasi merupakan kegiatan sistematik yang dilakuakan untuk memperoleh dan menyajikan informasi guna mengambil keputusan. Evaluasi juga dapat menjadi tolak ukur sejauh mana tujuan pendidikan tercapai. Sehingga dalam setiap program memerlukan evaluasi guna mengetahui ketercapaian tujuan termasuk penilaian akhir tahun (PAT) berbasis daring yang diadakan oleh SMA Takhasus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo. Ada berbagai macam model evaluasi, namun dalam penelitian ini peneliti memilih model CIPP (Context, Input, Process,dan Product). Model ini dipilih karena dirasa memudahkan dalam melakuakn evaluasi. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang dilaksanakan di SMA Takhasus Al-Qur’an yang terletak di Jalan KH. Asy’ari No. 29 Kalibeber, Mojotengah, Wonosobo. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada dua yaitu sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Sumber data primer diperoleh langsung dari Waka. Kurikulum dan beberapa siswa SMA Takhasus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo. Sedangkan untuk data sekunder penulis peroleh dari web, artikel dan lain sebagainya yang terkait dengan SMA Takhasus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo. Setelah pengumpulan data, maka tahap selanjutnya adalah tahap analisa yang akan penulis analisis dengan metode analisa deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan  PAT berbasis daring berjalan cukup lancar hanya saja mengalami beberapa hambatan di bagian koneksi.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dalam Melaksanakan Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Klinis Kepala Sekolah di SDN 06 Woja Kabupaten Dompu Tahun Pembelajaran 2020-2021
Authors: Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Published: November 2021

Keberhasilan pendidikan di sekolah sangat ditentukan oleh keberhasilan kepala sekolah dalam mengelola tenaga kependidikan  yang tersedia di sekolah. Dalam hal ini peningkatan produktivitas dan prestasi kerja sekolah dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan perilaku tenaga kependidikan di sekolah melalui berbagai aplikasi konsep dan teknik manajemen personalia yang modern, Manajemen tenaga kependidikan di sekolah bertujuan untuk mendayagunakan tenaga kependidikan secara efektif dan efisien untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal, namun tetap dalam kondisi yang menyenangkan, Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran melalui supervisi klinis kepala sekolah di SDN 06 Woja Kabupaten Dompu tahun Pembelajaran 2020-2021, Dalam penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) ini dilakukan dalam 3 siklus, dari hasil tindakan yang dilakukan terbukti dapat meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dengan mencapai standar ideal. Dari 72.92% pada siklus I, dapat meningkat menjadi 77.08%  pada siklus II, dan siklus ke III  82.92%, Hasil penelitian tindakan ini menunjukkan bahwa pembinaan melalui supervisi klinis kepala sekolah dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran  dengan ketuntasan mencapai 100%.
Pernikahan "intra-religi": Kristen Protestan dan Katolik Roma
Authors: Abraham Jessica Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: While Christian teaching on marriage between a believer and an unbeliever is clear, the one between couples from different church traditions is not as straightforward. Although sharing several core beliefs, the differences that exist between the Protestant Church and the Roman Catholics are too real to be ignored. Besides, ignoring them may result in complications and conflicts in marriage life later. The research method used in this writing, which is a qualitative literature study, finds that there are several factors to be satisfied to build a strong marriage. This writing hopes to assist Protestant and Roman Catholic couples to assess their decision to get married by raising their awareness of some relevant differences between the two churches tradition. This writing will discuss the pillars of strong marriage, differences and similarities between Protestant and Roman Catholic teachings as well as some underlying conditions to be met to make a strong union between the two. Key words: marriage, church, tradition, Protestant, Catholics ABSTRAK: Ajaran Kristen tentang pernikahan antara orang percaya dan orang yang tidak percaya cukuplah jelas. Namun, pandangan Kristen tentang pernikahan pasangan yang berasal dari dua tradisi gereja yang berbeda tidaklah demikian. Meskipun memiliki beberapa kepercayaan inti yang sama, namun perbedaan yang ada di antara gereja Kristen Protestan dan Katolik Roma terlalu nyata untuk diabaikan. Lagipula, apabila diabaikan, perbedaan ini dapat mengakibatkan timbulnya masalah dan konflik di dalam rumah tangga kelak. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini, yaitu metode kualitatif studi pustaka, menemukan bahwa ada faktor yang harus dipenuhi agar sebuah pernikahan dapat dibangun dengan kokoh. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat membantu pasangan dari latar belakang Kristen Protestan dan Katolik Roma untuk mempertimbangkan keputusan mereka untuk menikah dengan meningkatkan kesadaran mereka akan beberapa perbedaan yang relevan antara kedua tradisi gereja. Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang pilar pernikahan yang kokoh, perbedaan dan persamaan antara ajaran Protestan dan Katolik Roma serta beberapa syarat mendasar yang harus dipenuhi untuk menyatukan keduanya. Key words: pernikahan, gereja, tradisi, Protestan, Katolik
THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE HOLY COMMUNION PRACTICES IN THE CHURCH ERA
Authors: Andrian Tonny
Published: November 2021

The author conducts research on the theological study of the practice of the communion of the church in today's era so that it can find the implications of the meaning in holy communion. The research used is a literature analysis approach that uses various relevant literature sources. The study of Holy Communion reminds us of the importance of fellowship with fellow members of the body of Christ. The Sacrament of Holy Communion has been a part of the life of the Church since the time of the Lord Jesus until now. Until now, the sacrament of the Lord's Supper is still an interesting subject. In this discussion, Paul's teachings on the Sacrament of Holy Communion will be described to contribute to the administration of the sacrament. Holy Communion in the Lord's Churches today. Then followed by a reflection for the practice of Holy Communion today: What is the significance of the theological dimension in the practice of Holy Communion today? The hadil of this paper will be produced with practical tips for incorporating and presenting the theological dimension in the practice of the Lord's Supper today.
RELIGIOUS DISCRIMINATION IN CHRISTIAN-MAJORITY DEMOCRACIES FROM 1990 TO 2014
Authors: Fox Jonathan
Published: November 2021

This study examines patterns in societal and government-based religious discrimination (SRD and GRD) against 307 religious minorities in 67 Christian-majority democracies using the Religion and State-Minorities round 3 (RASM3) dataset. Despite expectations that all forms of religious discrimination, especially GRD, should be lower in Western liberal democracies, it is, in fact, lower in developing countries. I argue that three factors explain this discrepancy. Economically developed countries have more resources available for discrimination. Western democracies have higher levels of support for religion than Christian-majority developing countries and countries which more strongly support religion are more likely to discriminate against religious minorities. Finally levels of SRD are higher in the West and SRD is posited to be a cause of GRD. Empirical tests support these propositions.
Breton Lanneg and Russian Ляда: Aspects of Liminality in Celtic and Slavic Folk Tales
Authors: Muradova Anna
Published: November 2021

In Modern Breton, the word lann, lanneg has two meanings – ‘the wasteland’ and ‘a sacred place’ (‘church’, ‘chapel’; ‘lieu consacre du village’, GBV). These meanings are present in other Celtic languages. The Old Church Slavonic cognate, *leda/ledъ/ledo has a meaning close to the Celtic one. Not only it is the wasteland, but the cognate lexemes both in Celtic and in Slavic derive from the IE stem *lendh- ‘wasteland’. This stem obtains a connotation of malicious sacred force. As far as the Russian language is concerned, the IE stem *lendh- finds its cognates in a dialectal Russian lexeme lyada (Russ. ляда). In Rolland’s Jozebik ha Merlin the wasteland is a liminal zone separating the human world (cultivated zone) and the Otherword. There is often a wood to the rear of the wasteland where the supernatural creatures live, the Otherworld, or the uncultivated land. In order to get access to the Otherworld and to get a permission to cross the boundary zone, the hero must first become a shepherd. The earlier Russian folklore, and, in particular, some contemporary ethnographic material from the twentieth century Northern Russia, provides some examples of magic rituals concerned with the initiation and other practices of the shepherds.
Introduction
Authors: Rončević Dunja Brozović , Fomin Maxim , Matasović Ranko
Published: November 2021

Introduction to the Proceedings of the 3rd International Colloquium of the Societas Celto-Slavica
Loanwords in Welsh: Frequency Analysis on the Basis of Cronfa Electronaeg o Gymraeg
Authors: Parina Elena
Published: November 2021

The Welsh language adopted words from several languages, the most important being Latin, Norman French and English. As noted by Prof. Hildegard Tristram, the issues of English influence on the Insular Celtic languages did not receive due attention because of political undercurrents of the British Isles [Tristram 2002: 258]. The research of T.H. Parry-Williams [Parry-Williams 1924] still remains the main work on the subject. The prevailing view of the Welsh-speaking community on this topic can be seen in the name of a series of articles in the Mabon journal during the 1970s: Sut i beidio ag ysgrifennu Saesneg yn Gymraeg (How not to write English in Welsh) (e.g. [Roberts 1973]). This prescriptivism is avoided mainly in dialectal and code-switching studies, which cannot be prescriptive by definition, but still there are many issues awaiting description. In our paper we would like to present the result of our research, in which we analyse loanwords in two Welsh corpora. The first should be more precisely called a text massive, as only a part of it is available electronically yet. It consists of the 11 texts of the Mabinogi in the broader, Lady Charlotte Guest’s, sense and represents a classical sample of the Middle Welsh prose language. The second is the Bangor corpus of the Modern Welsh language. Selecting the loanwords in the top 1000 of the most frequent words in both corpora and comparing those two lists provides ideas on the English/Latin loanwords ratio in the language, their place in the whole vocabulary, and the correlation between Middle and Modern Welsh. Taking into account the less frequent loanwords allows refining the results.
“Sun” and “Moon” in Celtic and Indo-European
Authors: Matasović Ranko
Published: November 2021

Firstly, there were two words for “sun” in PIE, a neuter abstract noun (*sh₂wor) and a masculine noun and theonym (*seh₂wōl). The reconstruction of a heteroclitic noun with the alternation of *l and *n is both inherently improbable and unwarranted by evidence. Secondly, there are several names of sun and moon formed with the suffix *-sn- in early IE dialects, and two of them are preserved in Celtic. Thirdly, in Celtic, nouns meaning ‘sun’ and ‘moon’ are generally derived from two types of roots: a) roots meaning ‘brilliance, light’; b) roots referring to physical shape and/or motion of the heavenly bodies in question.
Russian Influence in Irish Literature
Authors: Titley Alan
Published: November 2021

On the one hand, the title of this article may seem like a triumph of hope over experience, but on the other hand, it seems so general as to be meaningless. On the one hand, it can hardly be said that two countries on opposite sides of Europe have made any contact at all; on the other hand, the attempt to prove the presence of literary influence is more often a game of the imagination than an establishment of any specific connections. But I hope to show that on the road to modernism in the 19th century, both literatures had much in common, and that there is a clear and undeniable influence of Russian literature in the best Irish-language prose of the 20th century.
Binary Oppositions in Celtic Cosmology: Modern Breton Folklore Data
Authors: Muradova Anna
Published: November 2021

The archaic mythology of Celts like the other pagan cosmologic systems is based on binary oppositions e.g. light and darkness, “our world” and the Otherworld. The comparative reconstruction of the basic concepts of the pre-Christian mytho-poetical tradition is in most cases based on the Old Irish text. Nevertheless, Breton folklore texts (often neglected because of their modernity) can be useful for further reconstruction of the opposition “light – dark”, “our world – otherworld”. The fact of the existence of such oppositions like one of the first steps of the human mind on the way of understanding the world and structuring the society was observed by ethnologists, psychologists and comparative linguists.
“And his throne will be upheld by justice”: The Concept of Righteous Ruling in Early Ireland
Authors: Fomin Maxim
Published: November 2021

The article describes the concept of righteous ruling survived in the early Irish wisdom-literature. Mainly concerned with such texts as De duodecim abusivis saeculi, Audacht Moraind, and Tecosca Cormaic, the good deal of attention is devoted to the concept of iustitia regis and fír(inne) flathemon. Being the central principle of the wisdom-texts genre, its descriptions represent an elaborate exposition of the characteristics of a righteous ruler. The author focuses on such topics as the creative consequences of the just ruling and the destructive consequences of the unjust one, both in Hiberno-Latin and in Early Irish sources. The ethical notions pertinent to the texts of the genre are also dealt with. They are not necessarily Christian, although the modern scholarship tends to connect the “righteous ruler” concept exclusively to the Christian morality. Drawing to the conclusion, the author brings some light on the problem of the concept’s origin and its genesis, its Christian editing and its synthetic (native Irish-cum-Christian) character. The final passages are devoted to the fate of the concept of the righteous ruler developed by the Irish clerical scribes in the works of the authors of the Carolingian Europe and those of the early medieval Kiev Rus. The analogies and ideas outlined were not necessarily borrowed from the common source: their provenance in the sources, such as The Life of Charles the Great by Einhardt and The Instruction by Vladimir the Monomachus, may obtain a cultural typological character.
The Function of OI com, ad, ro and Similar Elements in Slavic
Authors: Josephson Folke
Published: November 2021

Bulgarian felt free to multiply superlexical prefixes practically in absurdum and there are similar tendencies in other South Slavic languages. The order of superlexical prefixes in stacking is quite regular in Bulgarian. There are some weaker tendencies to multiplication of prefixes in Greek, Latin and Germanic where lexical aspect is sometimes involved. Only Old Irish provides a parallel to extensive multiple prefixation. In position after a number of prefixes which refer to path, reciprocity and internal location OI shows a great number of directional or initially or finally limiting prefixes which are placed in a complicated internal order which allows for variation and repetition of a prefix to a higher extent than is allowed in Bulgarian. Completivity plays an important role in the positioning of prefixes at or towards the end of the OI chain of prefixes in a way that has no obvious parallel in Bulgarian, but clearly exists in the Anatolian Wackernagel chain of clitics.
On Comparing Slavic and Celtic Theonyms, with Regard to Their Indo-European Background
Authors: Zimmer Stefan
Published: November 2021

There is only one Slavic theonym which compares semantically with Celtic. Formal comparison is of course always possible in the framework of Comparative IE grammar, especially in word-formation. There is hardly anything like a privileged Slavo-Celtic relation. Irano-Slavica would be a more promising field for comparison indeed.
Typology of Enumeration in Old Irish, Welsh and Greek
Authors: Galjanić Ana
Published: November 2021

The Old Irish and Welsh Triads are conspicuous for their repetitive structure and highly formulaic character. This paper compares some of the enumerative forms common in the Celtic tradition with a poetic genre known as the priamel and as such attested only in archaic Greek. Synchronic peculiarities are best understood when put into diachronic perspective: in this paper, I examine typology and structure of Old Irish and Welsh enumerative forms comparing them with similarly constructed passages in archaic Greek lyric and epic.
Folk-Motifs and Plots of the Irish Sagas in Goumiliev’s “Gondla”
Authors: Guister Marina
Published: November 2021

The nineteenth–twentieth centuries’ frontier, and onto the nineteen-thirties, is the period when the literature and the folklore of the Celtic and Scandinavian counties were brought into Russia. In this way Nikolaj Goumilev, the author of the drama “Gondla”, translates “Countess Kathleen” by W. B. Yeats and writes his own drama “Morny’s beauty” influenced by some recurring themes of the Irish sagas.

The drama-poem “Gondla” is also based on the Irish comparanda, namely on the history and the sagas of the echtrae-cycle of tales. The story takes place in Iceland in the eleventh century; Gondla, the Christian, the son of the Irish king, converts the Icelanders into Christianity. Goumilev himself mentions the sagas about “the hump-backed prince Condla” abducted by a fairy as the source of his drama. The saga of Connla the Fair, or Echtrae Chonnlai, is known to him from the work by H. d’Arboi de Jubainville Cours de Littérature Celtique, as well as, possibly, from the private conversations with A. Smirnov, the first Russian translator of the Irish sagas.

The story of Connla contains some widespread folk motifs (cf. S. Thompson’s Motif-index), such as F 302 Fairy mistress, or rather F 302.3.1 Fairy entices man into fairyland. The motifs in question are closely related to those of the Swan-maiden (F 302.4.1 – Fairy comes into man’s power when he stills her wings, and D 361.1 – A swan transforms herself at will into a maiden). The swan-plots are of great importance for Goumilev’s “Gondla”, since the main characters of the drama, Gondla and Lera his fiancée (both Irish) are compared there to the swans persecuted by the wolves (the pagan Icelanders). The motifs are particularly prominent in the case of the Irish folktales and legends.

The swan-plots from the Celtic and Slavonic folktales and legends are closely related in “Gondla” to the fairy-tales by Andersen, such as The Marsh King’s Daughter, The Ugly Duckling, The Swan’s Nest and The Wild Swans. The plot of the last fairytale is close to that of the Irish legend about the king Lir’s children transformed into swans (Oidheadh Chloinne Lir). In the same time, this plot is close to the fairy-tale type AT 451 – The maiden who seeks for her brothers and AT 451* – Sister as mysterious housekeeper. The story of this type, with the brothers transformed into swans and a swan maiden as the mother of the swan-children, is literary fixed in the twelfth century in the novel Dolopathos sive de Rege et Septem Sapientibus.

The main character of Goumilev’s drama is the poet, the ruler and the priest who baptises Iceland at the same time. As such, he illustrates one of Goumilev’s favourite ideas: the poets must govern the world, as the druids used to do in the distant past.
On Obscure Old Irish Preterite Forms
Authors: O'Shea Natalia
Published: November 2021

We propose that firstly, at the time of the loss of the initial preconsonantal laryngeals at the early common Celtic level, reduplication was a completely active and productive way of inflection; secondly, the beginning of the root after the reduplication syllable was phonologically equated with anlaut; thirdly, forms with an initial prevocalic laryngeal could not be affected by the loss, since contractions of reduplication from roots of the HEC-type occurred much earlier, at the common Indo-European level.
Digitizing Humanities in South Africa: Computational linguistic resources, training, and community building
Authors: Mabuya Rooweither , Mathe Dimakatso , Setaka Mmasibidi , van Zaanen Menno
Published: November 2021

South Africa has eleven official languages. However, not all have received similar amounts of attention. In particular, for many of the languages, only a limited number of digital language resources (data sets and computational tools) exist. This scarcity hinders (computational) research in the fields of humanities and social sciences for these languages. Additionally, using existing computational linguistics tools in a practical setting requires expert knowledge on the usage of these tools. In South Africa, only a small number of people currently have this expertise, further limiting the type of research that relies on computational linguistic tools. The South African Centre for Digital Language Resources (SADiLaR) aims to enable and enhance research in the area of language technology by focusing on the development, management, and distribution of digital language resources for all South African languages. Additionally, it aims to build research capacity, specifically in the field of digital humanities. This requires several challenges to be resolved that we cluster under resources, training, and community building. SADiLaR hosts a repository of existing digital language resources and supports the development of new resources. Additionally, it provides training on the use of these resources, specifically for (but not limited to) researchers in the fields of humanities and social sciences. Through this training, SADiLaR tries to build a community of practice to boost information sharing in the area of digital humanities.
A New Approach to Mannheim Curve in Euclidean 3-Space
Authors: UÇUM Ali , Camcı Çetin , İlarslan Kazım
Published: November 2021

In this article, a new approach is given for Mannheim curves in 3-dimensional Euclidean space. Thanks to this approach, the necessary and sufficient conditions including the known results have been obtained for a curve to be Mannheim curve in E³. In addition, related examples and graphs are given by showing that there can be Mannheim curves in Salkowski or anti-Salkowski curves as well as giving Mannheim mate curves, which are not in literature. Finally, the Mannheim partner curves are characterized in E³.
Static response of curved steel thin-walled box-girder bridge subjected to Indian railway loading
Authors: Verma V. , Nallasivam K.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The primary objective of the current study is to numerically model the steel thin-walled curved box-girder bridge and to examine its various response parameters subjected to Indian Railway loading.
Design/methodology/approach: The analysis is conducted by adopting a one dimensional curved thin-walled box-beam finite beam element based on finite element methodology. The scope of the work includes a computationally efficient, three-noded, one-dimensional representation of a thin-walled box-girder bridge, which is especially desirable for its preliminary analysis and design phase, as well as a study of the static characteristics of a steel curved bridge, which is critical for interpreting its dynamic response.
Findings: The analytical results computed using finite element based MATLAB coding are presented in the form of various stress resultants under the effect of various combinations of Indian Railway loads. Additionally, the variation in different response parameters due to changes in radius and span length has also been investigated.
Research limitations/implications: The research is restricted to the initial design and analysis phase of box-girder bridge, where the wall thickness is small as compared to the cross-section dimensions. The current approach can be extended to future research using a different method, such as Extended finite element technique on curved bridges by varying boundary conditions and number of elements.
Originality/value: The validation of the adopted finite element approach is done by solving a numerical problem, which is in excellent agreement with the previous research findings. Also, previous studies had aimed at thin-walled box girders that had been exposed to point loading, uniformly distributed loading, or highway truck loading, but no research had been done on railway loading. Moreover, no previous research had performed the static analysis on thin-walled box-girders with six different response parameters, as the current study has. Engineers will benefit greatly from the research as it will help them predict the static behaviour of the curved thin-walled girder bridge, as well as assess their free vibration and dynamic response analysis.
Experimental study of mild steel cutting process by using the plasma arc method
Authors: Magid H.M.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: In this study, plasma arc cutting (PAC) is an industrial process widely used for cutting various away types of metals in several operating conditions.
Design/methodology/approach: It is carried out a systematic or an authoritative inquiry to discover and examine the fact, the plasma cutting process is to establish the accuracy and the quality of the cut in this current paper assessed a good away to better the cutting process.
Findings: It found that the effect of parameters on the cutting quality than on the results performed to accomplish by statistical analysis.
Research limitations/implications: The objective of the present work paper is to achieve cutting parameters, thus the quality of the cutting process depends upon the plasma gas pressure, scanning speed, cutting power, and cutting height.
Practical implications: The product of the plasma cutting process experimentally has been the quality of the cutting equipment that was installed to monitor kerf width quality by exam the edge roughness, kerf width, and the size of the heat-affected zone (HAZ).
Originality/value: The results reveal that were technically possessed of including all the relevant characteristics, then a quality control for the cutting and describe the consequence of the process parameters.
Familienrecht für die Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Münder Johannes , Ernst Rüdiger , Behlert Wolfgang , Tammen Britta
Published: November 2021

This textbook is aimed at students of social work and law, those working in both public and voluntary children’s aid associations and youth welfare services, guardians ad litem and judges. It focuses on civil regulations that are of particular importance when it comes to children growing up and adults raising children and adolescents:

the law on parentage

child maintenance

parental custody, in particular civil child protection to ensure a child’s welfare and parental custody of children in cases of divorce and separation

visiting rights, which are often particularly the cause of conflict

The book addresses the regulations involved in guardianship, wardship and adoption. It also explains the law on caring for adults with disabilities or mental illnesses.
Staatliche Regelungsautonomie und Investitionsschutz
Authors: von Balluseck Justus
Published: November 2021

The charged debate on CETA focuses on the agreements´ possible effects on democratic institutions. In particular, critical voices fear a "regulatory chill"-effect. Defenders argue that such an effect is not to be expected because CETA regularly defines lower obligation than the national law. This paper has the aim to further examine this defense by comparing the property protection provisions of CETA with the national law, with a focus on the constitutional standards of the Grundgesetz. This allows the identification of possible excessive regulatory tendencies as well as an assessment of the potential risk of a "regulatory chill"-effect.
Stille Stimmen
Authors: Haberzettl Elke
Published: November 2021

Language is not only a means of communication, but also shapes and limits our understanding of the world. Modernity’s realisation of this fact has led the study of language to increasingly examine its own tool critically, which in turn has led to remaining silent, that is, deliberately choosing not to say anything, functioning as a key and productive literary technique in examining the boundaries of language. This study traces these linguistic traversions of its boundaries and investigates the forms and functions of deliberate taciturnity in six Scandinavian narrative texts from the late 19th century to the present day, while also reflecting on historical, social and media developments at the same time.
Test paměti a učení – Druhé vydání (TOMAL-2) – Recenze metody
Authors: Fikrlová Jana
Published: November 2021

Celkově TOMAL–2 představuje kvalitní nástroj pro posouzení paměti. Psychometrické zpracování české adaptace je vysoce nadprůměrné a příkladné. Přímý konkurent TOMAL–2 na českém trhu, Wechslerova paměťová škála WMS–III, disponuje pouze americkými, a navíc zastaralými normami (Wechlser, 1999). Její kratší verze, Wechslerova zkrácená paměťová škála WMS–IIIa (2011), sice české normy má, ale jejich kvalita je bohužel nízká (podrobněji viz Hlavová & Rosická, 2018). WMS–IIIa navíc představuje spíše screeningový nástroj, který nemůže nahradit komplexnější vyšetření paměti (Mitrushina a kol., 2005). Česká adaptace Wechslerovy paměťové škály WMS–IV, která je revizí WMS–III a řeší řadu jejích omezení (viz Groth-Marnat & Wright, 2016), se momentálně nepřipravuje (S. Ježek, osobní komunikace, 14. října 2019). Domnívám se, že TOMAL–2 lze doporučit jako momentálně nejkvalitnější test paměti na českém trhu, a to pro použití v oblasti neuropsychologie a v oblastech klinické, školní a poradenské psychologie.
Figuras Transgressivas da União Dos Contrários na Obra de Georg Simmel
Authors: Sousa Fernandes Teresa ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

“Man is the limited being that has no limit”. Simmel’s paradox illustrates the singularity of a way of thinking centered on the unity of contraries. Wandering through a large variety of seemingly disconnected objects - “bridge and door”, “the ruin”, “the handle”, “the adventure”, “the poor”, “the stranger”... - , Simmel has questioned secret affinities, transgressed limits and dissolved borders in order to recognize, at last, the unity of life manifesting in a multiplicity of forms. The most decanted expression of this subject is found in the metaphysical essays published as his “testament” - Vision of Life (Lebensanschauung ). Elucidating the common threads that weave together the diverse themes, objects and disciplines to which Simmel dedicated himself, this last book is the fragment where the totality of his work is best reflected.
Condição Humana e Individualidade em Georg Simmel
Authors: Veríssimo Serrão Adriana ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

A condição humana deixa-se descrever, segundo Simmel, por uma dualidade de referências: por um lado, processa-se no seio de formas do mundo objectivo, que são criação sua (culturais, institucionais, civilizacionais, morais, políticas...), mas que transcendem o indivíduo e ameaçam reduzi-lo ao anonimato; por outro, é movida pelo desejo de salvaguardar a marca pessoal no seio de uma identidade múltipla, apropriando-se, para tal, de novas formas nas quais corre de novo o risco de se anular. Vive como indivíduo (forma separada) e tende a preservar-se como individualidade (forma viva). Procuramos compreender, neste artigo, perante a multiplicidade das teses de Simmel sobre o homem, se o seu pensamento permitirá ainda uma leitura antropológica, elegendo dois aspectos prvilegiados da individualidade: a estética do rosto e a ética da lei individual.
A Paisagem no Diário de Miguel Torga
Authors: Carvalho Tiago Mesquita ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

Miguel Torga’s Diário constitutes a unique work in the context of Portuguese literature. Divided in 16 volumes published over 60 years of the XX Century, Diario gives its reader access to several topics of reflection dear to the author. Among these, the topic of landscape is of particular interest, given the originality of its crisscrossing with writing, rurality, the body, technological progress, and Portugal itself. These considerations notwithstanding, Diário does not present a clear and univocal definition of landscape. Given this absence, it is our goal to grasp, in dialogue with other authors, the concept of landscape which Torga himself had in mind. Finally, we will attempt to articulate Torga’s reflections on landscape with the act of diary writing and the related heuristic process of self-gnosis. In consequence, the way in which Diário foreshadows a call for and a valorization of the virtues accompanying a telluric rooting should become clear.
Um Corpo em Presença. Uma Aproximação a Marina Abramović
Authors: Castro Tomás N. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

Describing some of Marina Abramović’s performances, this essay aims to provide one possible philosophical framework in what concerns this form of art. The scope of presence in Abramović is enlightened by employing some vocabulary from a certain body poetics into the embodiment reflection, and ontological issues in performance come out when thinking about re-performance possibilities.
Duas Posições de Voltaire Sobre a História
Authors: Menezes Edmilson ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

The aim of this work is to explain two important positions considering Voltaire’s reflection on history: first, it is glimpsed an angle explicitly devoted to the criticism of historical discourse, and second, one point connected to the humanity vision integrated to its progress. The main purpose unfolds in the interest in identifying the criticism to “The principle of the wonderful” as an unifying point of that dual position.
The Cognitive and Ethical Scope of “Confusion” in Baumgarten’s Aesthetics
Authors: Nakamura Tomoe ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

This article explores the genealogical and metaphysical grounds for the positive re-evaluation of the concept of “confusion”, which played a vital role in Baumgarten’s foundation of aesthetics as scientia cognitionis sensitivae. First, a reconsideration of Descartes’ and Leibniz’ conceptualisations of “confusion” attempts to identify the place of Baumgarten’s aesthetics within the rationalistic dilemma of evaluating moral and art-related thinking. Secondly, the way in which Baumgarten attempted to resolve the dilemma is explored by a close examination of his concept of “the aesthetic” and of how the concept changed in the course of his writings. The ultimate purpose of this article lies in illuminating an aspect of Baumgarten’s aesthetics, that is, an attempt to synthesize the cognitive and the ethical by means of a re-configuration o f the concept of “confusion”.
Baumgarten on Sensible Perfection
Authors: McQuillan J. Colin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

One of the most important concepts Baumgarten introduces in his Reflections on Poetry is the concept of sensible perfection. It is surprising that Baumgarten does not elaborate upon this concept in his Metaphysics, since it plays such an important role in the new science of aesthetics that he proposes at the end of the Reflections on Poetry and then further develops in the Aesthetics. This article considers the significance of the absence of sensible perfection from the Metaphysics and its implications for Baumgarten’s aesthetics, before tuming to the use Meier and Kant make of Baumgarten’s concept. In the end, this article shows that Baumgarten did not abandon his conception of sensible perfection in the Metaphysics, though its influence declined significantly after Kant rejected the idea that sensibility and the understanding could be distinguished by the perfections of their cognition.
El Sentido Interno, Tópica Natural de la Invención en A. G. Baumgarten
Authors: Hernández Marcos Maximiliano ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine Baumgarten’s proposal - Aesthetica §140; analyzing the catalogue of the sensitive faculties of the human mind as well as the Topics of artistic production. Certainly, this would be equivalent to the conversion of the aesthetic subject and the artist natural talent into beauty and art criteria. This does not imply, however, reducing the latter to mere expressive subjectivity of feeling and emotion. Contrary, Baumgarten is still thinking that art and beauty are subject to rules; only those rules are based on the human psyche nature and, the rather peculiar function of her own cognitive abilities. Such conviction encourages his idea of an artistic creation founded up on Natural Topics; which is based on the “Empirie Psychology of the Moderns”. This article considers the presumption that the philosophical elaboration of that idea implies an historical rising of internal sense; both, as an authentic art’s abode and, as a supreme cognitive resource thanks to his conception in terms of “analogon rationis”. On the other hand, this article shows that Baumgarten did not develop the Psychological Topics of invention on his Aesthetica (1750-58); rather he developed the Psychological Topics from his first poetological writing - Meditationes de nonnullis ad poema pertinentibus (1735).
Alexander Baumgarten on the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Authors: Fugate Courtney D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

This paper defends the Principle of Sufficient Reason, taking Baumgarten as its guide. The primary aim is not to vindicate the principle, but rather to explore the kinds of resources Baumgarten originally thought sufficient to justify the PSR against its early opponents. The paper also considers Baumgarten’s possible responses to Kant’s pre-Critical objections to the proof of the PSR. The paper finds that Baumgarten possesses reasonable responses to all these objections. While the paper notes that in the absence of a response to Kant’s Critical discussion of the PSR (which is omitted here due to limitations of space), this result does not vindicate the principle, it shows how this discussion provides a deeper understanding of what, according to Baumgarten, the PSR really assumes and intends, and prepares the way for a more responsible discussion of Kant’s critical objections to Baumgarten’s supposed proof.
The Traditional Form of a Complete Science
Authors: Switzer Adrian ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

The article treats as significant the formal coincidence between Kant’s presentation of the science of metaphysics in the “Architectonic of Pure Reason” chapter of the first Critique and Alexander Baumgarten’s presentation of the same in the Metaphysica. From his comments on Baumgarten in the metaphysics lectures, the article shows that for Kant metaphysics in its traditional form lacked completeness and systematic order. Kant fits completeness into his architectonic plan of a scientific metaphysics by Converting Baumgartian ontology into an “analytic of the understanding”; Kant achieves the systematicity by modeling a rational “idea of the form of the whole” after Baumgarten’s tree-like ordering of the special sciences of metaphysics. Thus, Kant realizes the completeness and systematicity in a theoretical presentation of the science of metaphysics that he finds lacking in Baumgarten precisely by borrowing from the latter his scheme for metaphysics.
A natureza das construcións de TER + Participio en galego moderno
Authors: Frías Conde Xavier
Published: November 2021

As construcións TER + de participio pasado sempre foron consideradas como agrupacións verbais en galego, aínda que non en portugués. Neste artigo trataremos tres tipos de construcións de participio pasado TER +, de xeito que se repensen certos conceptos como os verbos modais e os auxiliares. Ademais, móstranse as principais diferenzas de TER + participio pasado entregalego e portugués. Tamén describiremos os tres usos principais das construcións TER: léxico, modal e perifrástico.