bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Sistema de los derechos públicos subjetivos de Georg Jellinek: Impacto y actualidad en el Derecho administrativo
Authors: Vergara Blanco Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Georg Jellinek (1851-1911) es reconocido por su teoría acerca del “Sistema de los derechos públicos subjetivos”, a partir de la cual el individuo solo por el hecho de pertenecer a un Estado es titular de derechos púbicos subjetivos.Si bien esta idea fue controversial, provocando la crítica de autores contemporáneos alemanes y extranjeros, en la actualidad se ha destacado su aporte dentro del derecho constitucional y administrativo, consagrándose tanto judicialmente como  legalmente. Así, el fenómeno de la subjetivización del derecho administrativo se basa en la posibilidad que tiene el ciudadanode exigir el resguardo de sus derechos dentro del contencioso administrativo.
La presunción de daños ambientales por infracciones normativas. Comentario a sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Harris Moya Pedro
Published: December 2023

Este comentario analiza la reciente Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional Rol Nº 10109 (2021), referida a la inconstitucionalidad de presumir daños ambientales por infracciones  normativas, con la finalidad de examinar su compatibilidad con la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Escazú.
Setuáin, Beatriz. La reutilización de agua en un contexto de cambio. Un análisis jurídico-administrativo, Editorial Aranzadi, (Pamplona, España, 2023)
Authors: Celume Byrne Tatiana
Published: December 2023

La obra de la autora Setuáin sobre reutilización de agua, resulta ser un texto actual, novedoso y muy necesario para comprender el fenómeno del reúso de las aguas en España, dentro del contexto de la Unión Europea. También constituyeun aporte muy valioso para estudiar este fenómeno desde la perspectiva chilena puesto que, adelanta al jurista la  configuración de instituciones que apenas se han recogido en el Derecho nacional, por no decir que solo se han esbozado como meras pretensiones en la legislación de aguas y de cambio climático. Es, además, un trabajo que resulta de necesarialectura puesto que el mismo fenómeno de la crisis climática que azota en otras latitudes, está presente en nuestro territorioy el Poder Legislativo está haciendo innumerables esfuerzos por regular la reutilización de las aguas residuales.
Global studies in waste management in mechanical workshops: evolution and future perspectives in the search for good practices
Authors: Kipper Liane Mahlmann , Rohlfes Ana Lúcia Bécker , García Natalia María Jaramillo
Published: December 2023

The environmental impacts that we are currently facing worldwide are due to a system that uses all available resources as if they were unlimited and therefore an uncontrolled amount of garbage has been generated that is causing damage to the environment and consequently to human health. . In search of solutions to these problems, new ways of managing waste have been implemented, which are often not applied due to lack of knowledge of them. Mechanical shops offer a variety of services, from tire repairs to collision services, whether for light or heavy vehicles, or promote maintenance of mechanical systems in general. These services generate several types of solid waste , including rags contaminated with oils or solvents, plastic containers, old tires, oil, transmission or air filters; plastic and metal body parts, batteries, glass and residual sludge, mostly hazardous waste. In this context, the objective of the article was to carry out a scientific mapping on waste management in mechanical workshops, and in search of good practices. For this, a quantitative and qualitative bibliometrics was carried out. The results indicate that life cycle analysis is the most appropriate tool to define the best use of the waste generated (co-products), followed by management systems and tools and cleaner production. Continuous staff training is essential; to maintain more efficient processes that present returns within each business. The adoption of environmental or management certifications is a big step within each business, but in small mechanical workshops, good waste management is quite sufficient and significant.
Pesquisa teórica sobre tecnologia social: um olhar sobre a produção científica no Brasil
Authors: De Souza Susimara Rosa , Andreola Jocélia Felícia , De Souza João Carlos de Pellegrin , Da Mota Flávio Freitas , Nunes Nei Antonio
Published: December 2023

Considerando o cruzamento dinâmico entre pensamento social crítico e investigativo e a progressiva política de Ciência e Tecnologia, este estudo analisa a Tecnologia Social como uma via potencial para abordar questões sociais prementes, tais como as desigualdades. A pesquisa examina a literatura científica sobre Tecnologia Social no Brasil, utilizando a base de dados Scopus. A busca foi conduzida utilizando a expressão “social technolog*”, com filtros linguísticos e temporais, além de critérios de seleção baseados em descrições, autores, periódicos, disciplinas, objetivos, contribuições principais e conclusões. Ao fim, foram identificados 25 artigos. A análise revelou uma consistência na quantidade de publicações anuais, com a área de Ciências da Decisão se destacando como principal campo de publicação. A pesquisa aponta ainda para a predominância de estudos qualitativos e a diversidade de instituições afiliadas dos autores. Infere-se, portanto, que os estudos em Tecnologia Social são de alta relevância e devem ser vigorosamente promovidos como um campo para pensar soluções alternativas, com expressivo potencial de impacto, visando reduzir as disparidades sociais.
Спирифериды Licharewia rugulata и эпибиоз, "Природа"
Authors: Комаров В.Н. , Верба Т.И. , Вайтиева Ю.А.
Published: December 2023

Приведены общие данные о брахиоподах-спириферидах Licharewia rugulata из байтуганских слоев нижнеказанского подъяруса средней перми в окрестностях села Байтуган (Самарская обл.), а также сведения о находках на раковинах спириферид различных эпибионтов и следов жизнедеятельности сверлящих организмов.
Россия и ее грязеверсты: взгляд из кибитки антропогеографа., "Природа"
Authors: Полян П.М.
Published: December 2023

Публикуем один из трудов отечественного ученого-географа В. П. Семенова-Тян-Шанского, в котором рассказывается о грязеверстах — труднопроходимых в распутицу российских дорогах, о причинах появления знаменитой дорожной грязи и о способах решения этой проблемы в разных регионах нашей страны.
Лауреаты конкурса «Минерал года», "Природа"
Authors: Пущаровский Д.Ю.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассмотрены главные особенности минералов, ставших победителями конкурса «Минерал года», учрежденного Международной минералогической ассоциацией в 2014 г. В посвященных им публикациях детально описаны усложняющие реальную структуру явления (мереланит), проанализировано необычное сочетание химических элементов (сиборгит), выявлены фрагменты, ранее установленные лишь в синтетических неорганических кристаллах (офирит, чанабаяит, боярит). Особое внимание обращено на индикаторную роль этих минералов при воссоздании физико-химических условий, сопровождающих их кристаллизацию, а также на их позиции в соответствующих трансформационно-генетических рядах.
Формирование центриолей в раннем эмбриональном развитии млекопитающих. Новый взгляд в светепоследних открытий, "Природа"
Authors: Узбеков Р.Э.
Published: December 2023

Центросома — небольшая клеточная органелла, в которой сосредоточено большое количество регуляторных белков. Будучи также центром организации микротрубочек, центросома представляет собой транспортный узел клетки, из которого с помощью специфических белков-моторов по микротрубочкам осуществляется как центробежный, так и центростремительный транспорт и белковых комплексов, и целых органелл. Хотя за последние годы достигнут значительный прогресс в идентификации сотен центросомальных белков, процесс формирования центросомы еще недостаточно изучен. В настоящей статье изложены результаты исследования формирования центросомы в процессе раннего эмбрионального развития.
Нарушения ассизы хлеба и эля в английском средневековом маноре
, "Средние века"
Authors: Винокурова М.В.
Published: December 2023

В статье исследуется малоизученный вопрос о нарушении Ассизы хлеба и эля (1266 г.) – торгового закона, устанавливавшего правила производства указанных продуктов и торговли ими – внутри английского средневекового манора. Протоколы манориальных курий свидетельствуют о том, что предписываемые нормы часто нарушались, в том числе и так называемыми дегустаторами хлеба и эля, которые являлись представителями низовых слоев манориальной администрации, и на которых в повседневной жизни манора как раз и было возложено соблюдение определенных норм и правил в указанной области. Изучаются причины, побуждавшие указанных лиц поступать подобным образом. Отмечается, что лорды маноров весьма лояльно относились к указанной практике и строго не наказывали за различного рода проступки, связанные с нарушением предписаний Ассизы, чаще всего ограничиваясь наложением штрафов. Такая их позиция связывается с внутренним противодействием (включая опору на нормы обычая) правовым установлениям центральной власти в период «ущемления» сеньориальной юрисдикции после реформ Генриха II, Генриха III и Эдуарда I, т.е. во время оформления, развития и постепенного превалирования в Англии общегосударственного права.
НЕИЗВЕСТНОЕ ПИСЬМО ФРИДРИХА III ПФАЛЬЦСКОГО ФРАНСУА ОТМАНУ (АПРЕЛЬ 1576 г.), "Средние века"
Authors: Баязитова Г.И.
Published: December 2023

В публикации представлено неизвестное письмо курфюрста Фридриха III Пфальцского французскому протестантскому мыслителю Франсуа Отману. Послание хранится в коллекции П.П. Дубровского в Отделе рукописей Российской национальной библиотеки в Санкт-Петербурге (Авт. 9/1 № 6) и происходит из рабочего архива Отмана. Автограф представляет собой фрагмент большой переписки Фридриха III с французскими гугенотами (значительная часть этой переписки, по-видимому, безвозвратно утеряна). Фридрих III не только предстает как союзник гугенотов, но открывает другую сторону отношений с Отманом, связанных с совместным увлечением алхимией.
УЧАСТИЕ СОФЬИ ПАЛЕОЛОГ В ПРИДВОРНЫХ ЦЕРЕМОНИЯХ, "Средние века"
Authors: Матасова Т.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассмотрены свидетельства источников различного происхождения об участии Софьи в придворной жизни в Москве. Отмечается, что такие свидетельства не слишком многочисленны, и всего три из них связаны с приемом иноземных послов. Собранный материал позволяет заключить, что роль Софьи в придворных церемониях была значительна, но являлась, в первую очередь, символической: Софья олицетворяла связь двора Ивана III с Западом, а также семейное счастье государя как мать его детей и как «глава» женской части его семьи. Показательно в этом отношении, что особой яркостью отличаются известия об участии Софьи в церемониях, связанных с вопросами замужества ее дочерей. Все эти роли были обусловлены поставленными Иваном III и его приближенными задачами во внешней и внутренней политике, но едва ли были связаны с прямыми или косвенными личными инициативами «осподарыни» в управлении страной. Ее церемониальная роль оказывалась подчиненной по отношению к ключевой роли, которая принадлежала великому князю.
Влияние начальных механических, электростатических и температурных воздействий на свойства пиропьезоэлектриков гексагональной сингонии, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Белянкова Т.И. , Калинчук В.В. , Ломакина Л.В.
Published: December 2023

Работа направлена на исследование влияния начальных механических, температурных и электростатических воздействий на изменение деформированного состояния и физических свойств термоэлектроупругих материалов, относящихся в естественном состоянии к материалам класса симметрии 6mm гексагональной сингонии. Предполагается, что наведенное в материале начально-деформированное состояние однородно, начальные тепловые воздействия не превышают температуры фазовых переходов, начальное электростатическое поле задано вектором напряженности. Исследование основано на использовании линеаризованных определяющих соотношений, уравнений движения термоэлектроупругих сред, уравнений электростатики и уравнений распространения тепла, полученных в рамках теории наложения малых деформаций на конечные. Приведены матричные представления тензоров упругих и пьезоэлектрических модулей преднапряженного материала, наглядно иллюстрирующие влияние начальных как механических и тепловых, так и электростатических воздействий на свойства пиропьезоэлектрического материала. На примере CdSe исследовано раздельное и совместное влияние вида и величины начальных напряжений, электрических и тепловых воздействий на характер наводимых деформаций и трансформацию свойств материала. Определены виды механических воздействий, приводящих к максимальным значениям электрической индукции. Показано влияние характера тепловых воздействий в отсутствие начальных механических напряжений на величину и направленность вектора электрической индукции. Выявлены закономерности влияния начального электростатического поля большой напряженности на упругие и пьезоэлектрические свойства материала. Результаты оформлены в виде графиков и могут представлять определенный интерес при разработке, проектировании и оптимизации пиропьезоэлектрических материалов, используемых при создании микро- и наноразмерных приборов и устройств.
The manufacturing of puffed corn flakes: Optimization, characterization and sensory attributes
Authors: Xu Na , Yao Xinmiao , Lu Shuwen
Published: December 2023

Corn snacks are growing worldwide in food market. Puffing is an alternative processing technology to improve the characteristics of food products with the benefit of low oil. However, the puffing process of corn flakes is rarely studied in recent research. Thus, the objective of this study is to optimize the conditions of puffing with the raw material of corn grit and compare with extrusion, frying and baking process in the aspect of microstructure and sensory evaluation of corn flakes. The results showed that the optimized conditions of puffing flakes were 6 min of pretreated time, 226 °C of puffing temperature, 9 s of puffing time. And the experimental responses of crispy, hardness and browning index at the optimized conditions are 0.73±0.05 nm, 1317.52±23.14 g, 56.91±0.87, respectively. To compared with other traditional process that manufacture the corn flakes, the microstructure and sensory evaluation are applied. The microstructure of puffing method presented porous and spongy structure with numerous cavities in small sizes. For the sensory evaluation, the score of taste, texture, color and overall acceptability applied for puffing is the highest. In conclusion, the puffing would be a novel technology to manufacture tasty corn flakes in the snack food industry.
Keywords: Corn flakes; Optimization; Puffing; Response surface methodology; Sensory attributes
Determination of yield parameters and essential oil composition in some lemon balm (Melisa officinalis L.) populations
Authors: Öner Emel Karaca , Uzun Arslan
Published: December 2023

In this research, it is aimed to determine some parameters such as seedling growth, yield and essential oil components of lemon balm (Mellissa officinalis L.) populations belong to Samsun, Ordu, Trabzon and Artvin provinces in Turkey. Some morphological parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, peduncle length, leaf length, some yield parameters such as fresh herb yield (gr/plant), drug herb yield (gr/plant) and drug leaf yield (gr/plant) and some quality parameters such as essential oil ratio (%) and essential oil components of the populations were investigated. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the plant height values between 41.36 cm and 100.41 cm, the yield of fresh herb varies between 164.34 g/plant and 481.45 g/plant and the essential oil ratio values  vary between 0.19% and 0.325%.
Keywords: Drog herb; Fresh herb; Beta-Caryophyllene; Caryophyllene oxide.
Improving the quality of Cassava Peel-Leaf Mixture (CPLM) through fermentation with R. oligosphorus as poultry ration
Authors: Mirnawati  , Ciptaan Gita , Ferawati
Published: December 2023

Cassava (Manihot utilissima) is one of the potential food commodities in Indonesia. Cassava production in Indonesia is relatively high. Ofcourse, it will produce much waste, such as Cassava Peel (CP) and Cassava Leaf (CL). Casava peel and casava leave has the potential to be used as feed ingredients but is constrained by low quality, and they can only be used 10% in poultry rations. For that, it is necessary to research to improve the quality of Cassava Peel-Leaf Mixture (CPLM) through fermentation with R.oligosphorus as a poultry ration. This experimental study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were cassava peel-leaf mixture (CPLM) fermented with R. oligosphorus. The Treatments were A (9:1), B (8:2), C (7:3), and D (6:4). The variables observed were the digestibility of crude fiber (DCF), the activity of protease enzymes, crude protein (CP) nitrogen retention (RN), metabolic energy (ME), and crude fiber (CF). The diversity analysis showed a very significant effect (P<0.01) on (DCF), crude protein (CP), protease activity, crude fiber (CF), nitrogen retention (RN), and energy metabolism (ME) of CPLM fermentation. Based on the study’s results, it can be concluded that CPLM (6:4) fermented with R.oligosphorus gave the best results.
Keywords: R. oligosphorus; Casava peel; Casava leave; Fermented; Poultry
Microencapsulated propolis in chewing gum production
Authors: Bostancı Emre , Gölge Evren
Published: December 2023

Propolis is a resin with high antibacterial and antioxidant properties that honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) gather and then harmonize through their metabolic secretions. Propolis is beneficial to dental health because it contains antibacterial activity against the Streptococcus mutans, which causes tooth decay. The aim of this study is to use microencapculated propolis extract (MPE) in chewing gum formulation for the first time, in order to protect propolis from environmental effects during production and to ensure controlled release in mouth. Spray drying method was applied where maltodextrin acted as coating material. The particle structure of MPE was investigated by scanning electron microscope. The encapsulation efficiency was determined as 62.19%. The hygroscopicity and moisture content of the MPE particles was found as 31.50% and 7.98% respectively. The DPPH scavenging ability, total flavonoid and total phenolic content of the MPE appeared lower than propolis extract. The total flavonoid content of MPE was calculated as 29.06 mg/kg and total phenolic content as 89.17 mg/kg. In vitro antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans of 9% MPE containing gum samples was measured highest with 4.20 mm zone diameter. Hunter b* value increased with increasing MPE concentration. The final MPE incorporated chewing gum appear to be highly functional.

Keywords: Propolis; Spray drying; Chewing gum; Functional food
Optimization of culture conditions for and assessment of kimchi-originated lactic acid bacterial isolates toward their extracellular GABA-producing ability
Authors: Lee Jin-Sung , Kim Keun-Sung
Published: December 2023

The objectives of this study were to optimize the medium and culture conditions using a strong γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producer as a reference lactic acid bacterial strain, to screen and identify GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates from kimchi, and to determine their extracellular GABA-producing abilities. Thin-layer chromatography was used to screen GABA-producing bacterial isolates and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the bacterial GABA production abilities. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to identify GABA-producing bacterial isolates. The optimal medium and culture conditions were found to be the modified Man–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) broth (with an initial pH of 6.5) containing 4% sucrose, 5% glutamate, and 1% yeast extract at 37°C for 5 days. After incubation under the optimized culture conditions, 217 kimchi bacterial isolates were screened to evaluate their respective GABA-producing abilities. Screening the 217 kimchi bacterial isolates identified 24 GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates (11%): Lactobacillus plantarum (17), Lactobacillus brevis (six), and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (one), indicating that only a small proportion of the strains produce GABA in the culture broth. The extracellular GABA-producing abilities of the bacterial strains identified in this study varied even within the same species, ranging from 5.8 to 101.7 mM among the 17 GABA-producing L. plantarum isolates and from 8.5 to 88.6 mM among the six GABA-producing L. brevis isolates. In summary, three species of the 24 kimchi GABA-producing bacterial isolates were identified, including one rare species (L. mesenteroides) and the two most dominant species (L. brevis and L. plantarum).

Keywords: Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Optimization; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Determination of bioactive properties of Capparis spinosa fruits and use in production of Tulum cheese
Authors: Dinçoğlu Ahmet Hulusi , Ileri Ali , Rugji Jerina
Published: December 2023

The focus of the present study was to evaluate the bioactive properties of Capparis spinosa (caper) fruits and to investigate some quality parameters of Tulum cheese with addition of caper. Analyses for the phytochemical components of caper fruit used in the production of Tulum cheese showed that it has high levels of bioactive components in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and flavonoids. It was determined that C. spinosa, which is used in the production of Tulum cheese, had a good radical scavenging activity (DPPH radical assay). Four experimental groups were arranged in the present study and analyzed on the 1, 30, 45, 60, and 90th day of ripening. T_C was designed as the control group, T_C1, T_C2, and T_C4 groups contained 1, 2, and 4% of caper. According to the obtained results as the content of caper increased, dry matter ratios, ash, pH values, tyrosine and free fatty acid values in cheese increased significantly. The microbiological evaluation revealed that the caper affected positively Lactobacillus spp. counts. The highest aroma and taste scores among caper cheeses were given to the control group (T_C). Generally, caper did not have a negative effect on the textural profile of the product. These results revealed that C. spinosa contributes to the improvement of the bioactive potential as well as increasing the quality parameters of cheese.

Keywords: Caper; Bioactive properties; Functional dairy; Microbiological properties; Tulum cheese
Optimizing the making of modified plantain flour by the mixed-culture of lactic acid bacteria and yeast
Authors: Setiyoningrum Fitri , Priadi Gunawan , Afiati Fifi , Desnilasari Dewi , Kumalasari Rima , Ekafitri Riyanti
Published: December 2023

Fermentation factors in the making of modified plantain flour must be optimized to obtain optimum conditions that produce the desired characteristics of flour/starch. In this research, we used mix-cultured lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast for plantain fermentation. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to explain the quantitative relationship between input and response variables. The design used is Combine D-optimal. The quantitative independent variables (X) selected were A = culture concentration (lower limit 2%; upper limit 6%) and B = fermentation time (lower limit 8 hours; upper limit 24 hours). Descriptive variables were C = type of plantain (C1 = “tanduk” plantain; C2 = “nangka” plantain) and D = type of culture (D1 = SC; D2 = LAB1 + LAB2; D3 = LAB1 + LAB3; D4 = LAB2 + LAB3; D5 = LAB1 + LAB1 + SC; D6 = LAB1 + LAB3 + SC; D7 = LAB2 + LAB3 + SC). Parameters of flour characteristic analyzed or response (Y) were carboxyl number (Y1), total acid (Y2), swelling number (Y3), pH (Y4), paste clarity (Y5), gelatinization properties: peak (Y6); trough 1 (Y7); breakdown (Y8); final viscosity (Y9); setback(Y10); peak time (Y11); pasting temperature (Y12), water content (Y13), color : *L (Y14); *a(Y15); *b (Y16) and c (Y17). The result showed that a combination of 6% culture concentration and 12.62 hours of fermentation time with a desirability value of 0.66 was the optimum condition with carboxyl value 0.15, total acid 0.47, swelling rate 13.49, peak time 5397.02, breakdown 2259.22, final viscosity 4125.22, setback 98.99, and dL 65.59.

Keywords: modification flour, optimum condition, fermentation
Phenolic content and antioxidant activity in Lentinula edodes grown on eucalyptus biomass
Authors: Jimenez María E. , Berrus Helen E. , D. Segarra Joselyn , Peralta Oscar L. , Pólit Mercy P. , Campuzano Lisbeth C. , Carpio Raisa A. , Fondevila María P. , Villacres María C.
Published: December 2023

Objective. To determine whether Lentinula edodes (L edodes) cultured on eucalyptus chips in the Ecuadorian highland generates antioxidant metabolites and anti-inflammatory effects.

Methods. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, the in vitro antioxidant activity of L edodes extracts was evaluated by the DPPH method and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was studied in mice. The chemical composition was studied by phytochemical screening and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

Results. Total phenols were higher in extracts with increasingly high-water content. The antioxidant activity was robust and significantly strong in these extracts, suggesting the active metabolites are water-soluble. The anti-inflammation activity was significant in aqueous extracts only. Phytochemical screening indicated an overall similar composition to the literature reported earlier. GC/MS detected galactitol, trehalose, xylitol, phosphoric acid and octadecanoic acid among the most abundant metabolites.

Conclusions. Cultivation on eucalyptus biomass at the Ecuadorian highlands retains the overall chemical composition, the phenolic content, antioxidant levels, and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of L edodes. The 11.3% content of trehalose observed is interesting for its capacity to control cellular stress damage.

Key Words: inflammation, antioxidants, phenols, shiitake, Lentinula, phytotherapeutics
Uric acid–reducing efficacy of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng in mice with potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia
Authors: Wang Chih-Chiang , Chen Chun , Chang Chih-Wei , Chiu Po-Yen , Chen Fu-An
Published: December 2023

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is a type of Lamiaceae perennial herb that is widely used in folk treatments for respiratory and skin diseases. Notably, research on the hypouricemic effect of P. amboinicus is limited. This study investigated the uric acid–reducing efficacy of P. amboinicus in mice with potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia by performing an in vitro xanthine-oxidase-inhibition-activity-guided test of P. amboinicus extract (PAE) and its fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of PAE exhibited optimal efficacy in terms of the phenolic content, DPPH scavenging activity, and xanthine oxidase inhibition. We further demonstrated the uric acid–reducing activity of EAF in a mouse model of potassium bromate–induced hyperuricemia. The results can serve as a useful preclinical reference for researching the gout prevention effects of functional foods.

Keywords: Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng, hyperuricemia, uric acid–reducing activity
Nata de durio: the utilization of durian seeds as a glucose source in the production of bacterial cellulose gel
Authors: Syam Tri Sutriani , Kadir Syahrijuita , Yustisia Ika
Published: December 2023

Durian seeds are a waste product from durian fruit. Durian seeds are often used by people as the main ingredient in making bread and cakes. However, the use of durian seeds as the main ingredient in making nata has never been done. Nata is extracellular cellulose obtained from the activity of the bacteria Acetobacter xylinum. The nata that is often found is nata de coco made from coconut water as the main ingredient. This research aims to look at the formation of nata de durio from durian seeds.

The results showed that different dry weights of durian seeds did not affect the thickness of the Nata De Durio formed. The thickness of Nata De Durio on days 7 and 14 was highest at a dry weight of 250 grams of durian seeds with an average of 0.4 and 0.5 cm and the lowest was at a dry weight of 100 grams of durian seeds with an average of 0. 3 and 04 cm.

Conclusion: The difference in dry weight of durian seeds does not affect the thickness of Nata De Durio. However, the dry weight of 250 gram durian seeds has a better Nata De Durio thickness compared to the dry weight of 100 grams and 200 grams of durian seeds.

Keywords: Durian seeds, thickness, Nata De Durio
Marine Algal Extract as a Biostimulant to Improve Tolerance to Salinity in Lettuce Plants
Authors: Aloui Dhouha , Kalleli Fatma , M’Hamdi Mahmoud , Manaa Mariem , Abid Ghassen , Karmous Chahine
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of marine algal extract as foliar spray on growth, physiological, mineral composition, different osmoprotectant levels, various parts of antioxidant system, and gene expression of greenhouse lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants grown under saline conditions (50mM and 100mM). Through LC/MS analysis, the algal extract's phenolic composition was determined by its abundance in quinic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol and luteolin. The concentration of leaf proline increased while the biomass production, chlorophyll fluorescence, SPAD index and mineral composition all decreased as a result of salt stress. The salt-stress tolerance mechanism in lettuce involved the expression of genes that encode antioxidant enzymes, including LsSOD, LsCAT, and LsAPX, in both stressed and control plants, which demonstrates their important roles. The findings revealed that plants that were treated with marine algal extract had a greater ability to handle salt challenge, as evidenced by a significant (p < 0.05) increase in plant growth, SPAD index, Fv/Fm ratio, a better nutritional status in addinto a better osmoprotection against salt stress. Malondialdehyde level, Hydrogen peroxide and stability index levels were significantly decreased. Furthermore, the antioxidant system saw a significant improvement, as demonstrated by the increased activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) under moderate stress conditions (50mM) and more abundant LsCAT transcripts in the stressed plants.  Overall, our findings indicate that marine algal extract appears to be an effective biostimulant product for treating lettuce under saline conditions.

Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll fluorescence, gene expression, growth performance, Lactuca sativa L., marine algal extract, mineral composition, osmoprotectants.
Smartphone Digital Image Processing Method for Sand Particle Size Analysis
Authors: Hur Ju-Yeong , Cheon Se-Hyeon
Published: December 2023

The grain size distribution of sand provides crucial information for understanding coastal erosion and sediment deposition. The commonly used sieve analysis for grain size distribution analysis has limitations such as time-consuming processes and the inability to obtain information about individual particle shapes and colors. In this study, we propose a grain size distribution analysis method using smartphone digital images, which is simpler and more efficient than the sieve analysis method. During the image analysis process, we effectively detect particles from relatively low-resolution smartphone digital images by extracting particle boundaries through image gradient calculation. Using samples collected from four beaches in Gyeongsangbuk-do, we compare and validate the proposed boundary extraction image analysis method with the analysis method that does not extract boundaries, against sieve analysis results. The proposed method shows an average error rate of 8.21% at D50, exhibiting a 65% lower error compared to the method without boundary extraction. Therefore, grain size distribution analysis using smartphone digital images is convenient, efficient, and demonstrated accuracy comparable to sieve analysis.
SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to induce accurate chromosome segregation independently of its histone methyltransferase activity
Authors: Tu Yanhong , Zhang Haomiao , Xia Jialin , Zhao Yu , Yang Ruifang , Feng Jing , Ma Xueyun , Li Jing
Published: December 2023

SETDB2 is a H3K9 histone methyltransferase required for accurate chromosome segregation. Its H3K9 histone methyltransferase activity was reported to be associated with chromosomes during metaphase. Here, we confirm that SETDB2 is required for mitosis and accurate chromosome segregation. However, these functions are independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. Further analysis showed that SETDB2 can interact with BUBR1, and is required for CDC20 binding to BUBR1 and APC/C complex and CYCLIN B1 degradation. The ability of SETDB2 to regulate the binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 or APC/C complex, and stabilization of CYCLIN B1 are also independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest that SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to promote binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 and APC3, then degrades CYCLIN B1 to ensure accurate chromosome segregation and mitosis, independently of its histone methyltransferase activity.
Robust fuzzy model predictive control for nonlinear discrete‐time systems
Authors: Mahmoudabadi Parvin , Naderi Akhormeh Alireza
Published: December 2023

This paper studies the issue of Robust Fuzzy Model Predictive Control (RFMPC) of nonlinear discrete‐time systems in the presence of disturbance. To this end, Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model is adopted in order to characterize uncertain nonlinear systems and facilitate providing controller for such systems. Non‐parallel distributed compensation (non‐PDC) technique is applied to design improved RFPMC with better performance. The optimization problem of RFMPC is represented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) so as to decrease online computational burden. Besides, feasibility and stability which are decisive factors in MPC theory are investigated for the proposed method. Ultimately, two examples including cart‐damper‐spring system are simulated to evaluate the results of this research work.
Study on the Effect of the Molding Process and Service Temperature on the Mechanical Properties and Low‐Velocity Impact Performance of the Ultra‐High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Laminates
Authors: Bao Jiawei , Yan Zhaopu , Wang Yangwei , Cheng Huanwu , Zhou Tianfeng , Cheng Xingwang
Published: December 2023

The ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber laminates were prepared by hot pressing at temperatures ranging from 120 to 140 °C and pressures of 15 and 25 MPa. Mechanical test results demonstrated that increasing the molding temperature improved the interlaminar shear strength, in‐plane shear strength, and bending strength of the laminates. Additionally, the in‐plane tensile properties of the laminate were influenced by both the positive effect of increased bond strength and the negative effect of reduced fiber strength. The mechanical properties of the laminate showed improvements at −50 °C but decreased at 70 °C. Low‐velocity impact tests revealed that higher molding temperature and pressure enhanced the dynamic bending stiffness and peak force while reducing the bulge in the laminate's back. Remarkably different low‐velocity impact performance was observed in the laminate at −50 and 70 °C compared to room temperature.
Enantioselective Adsorption on Magnetic Surfaces
Authors: Safari Mohammad Reza , Matthes Frank , Caciuc Vasile , Atodiresei Nicolae , Schneider Claus M. , Ernst Karl‐Heinz , Bürgler Daniel E.
Published: December 2023

From the beginning of molecular theory, the interplay of chirality and magnetism has intrigued scientists. There is still the question if enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules occurs on magnetic surfaces. Enantiomer discrimination was conjectured to arise from chirality‐induced spin separation within the molecules and exchange interaction with the substrate's magnetization. Here, it is shown that single helical aromatic hydrocarbons undergo enantioselective adsorption on ferromagnetic cobalt surfaces. Spin and chirality sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that molecules of opposite handedness prefer adsorption onto cobalt islands with opposite out‐of‐plane magnetization. As mobility ceases in the final chemisorbed state, it is concluded that enantioselection must occur in a physisorbed transient precursor state. State‐of‐the‐art spin‐resolved ab initio simulations support this scenario by refuting enantio‐dependent chemisorption energies. These findings demonstrate that van der Waals interaction should also include spin‐fluctuations which are crucial for molecular magnetochiral processes.
NIR‐II Protein‐Escaping Dyes Enable High‐Contrast and Long‐Term Prognosis Evaluation of Flap Transplantation
Authors: Du Yijing , Xu Jiajun , Zheng Xue , Dang Zetao , Zhu Ningning , Jiang Zijian , Li Jia , Zhu Shoujun
Published: December 2023

Real‐time vascular positioning, postoperative flap monitoring, and vascular reconstruction assessment are of great importance in flap transplantation. Cyanine dyes offer the advantage of high resolution in the Near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) imaging window. However, the nonspecific binding of many cyanine dyes to endogenous albumin leads to high organ accumulation and skin absorption, resulting in low‐quality imaging and poor reproducibility of contrast during long‐term (e.g., 7 days) postoperative monitoring. Here, a novel strategy is proposed that can be widely applied to prevent protein binding for NIR‐I/II Cl‐containing cyanine dyes. This strategy produces protein‐escaping dyes, ensuring high fluorescence enhancement in the blood with rapid clearance and no residual fluorescence, allowing for short‐term repeatable injections for vascular imaging. This strategy in the perioperative monitoring of pedicle perforator flap models in mice and rats is successfully applied. Furthermore, leveraging the universality of this strategy, multiple nonoverlapping protein‐escaping probes that achieve dual‐excitation (808 and 1064 nm) interference‐free imaging of nerve‐vessel and tumor‐vessel simultaneously are designed and synthesized. These protein‐escaping dyes enable long‐term repeatable dual‐color imaging of tumor localization, resection, and tumor‐vessel reconstruction at the wound site.
Upgrading the Separators Integrated with Desolvation and Selective Deposition toward the Stable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zuo Lanlan , Ma Qiang , Xiao Peitao , Guo Qingpeng , Xie Wei , Lu Di , Yun Xiaoru , Zheng Chunman , Chen Yufang
Published: December 2023

A practical and effective approach to improve the cycle stability of high‐energy density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is to selectively regulate the growth of the lithium anode. The design of desolvation and lithiophilic structure have proved to be significant means to regulate the lithium deposition process. Here, a fluorinated polymer lithiophilic separator (LS) loaded with a metal–organic framework (MOF801) is designed, which facilitates the rapid transfer of Li+ within the separator owing to the MOF801‐anchored PF6− from the electrolyte, Li deposition is confined in the plane resulting from the polymer fiber layer rich in lithiophilic groups (C─F). The numerical simulation results confirm that LS induces a uniform electric field and Li+ concentration distribution. Visualization technology records the behavior of regular Li deposition in Li||Li and Li||Cu cells equipping LS. Therefore, LS exhibits an ultrahigh Li+ transference number (tLi+ = 0.80) and a large exchange current density (j0 = 1.963 mA cm−2). LS guarantees the stable operation of Li||Li cells for over 1000 h. In addition, the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2||Li cell equipped with LS exhibits superior rate and cycle performances owing to the formation of LiF‐rich robust SEI layers. This study provides a way forward for dendrite‐free Li anodes from the perspective of separator engineering.
Stretchable Zn‐Ion Hybrid Capacitor with Hydrogel Encapsulated 3D Interdigital Structure
Authors: Xie Qian , Yi Chengjie , Zhang Hanning , Xia Huan , Xu Gang , Miao Chunyang , Yang Li , Shui Tao , Zhang Wei , Sun ZhengMing
Published: December 2023

To enhance the areal energy density of current flexible energy storage devices, hybrid capacitors combining the advantages of supercapacitors and batteries are proposed and further enhanced by incorporating the 3D interdigital structure design. However, uneven electric field distribution and hindered ion diffusion kinetics due to the non‐electroactive components in these devices limit the enhancement of areal electrochemical performances when expanding the electrodes longitudinally. Herein, hydrogels with high ionic conductivity and high mechanical stability are designed to accommodate Zn2+‐containing electrolytes and integrated with Ti3C2Tx‐MXene electrodes to assemble flexible Zn‐ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs). Fully encapsulated by ionic conductive hydrogels, 3D interdigital electrodes enable omnidirectional ion transport and unimpeded ionic accessibility, facilitating adequate electrode reactions, rapid energy storage, and uniform energy distribution. Hence, the all‐hydrogel‐encapsulated ZIHC achieved a 50‐fold increase in capacitance with a quadrupled electrode thickness, exhibiting a large areal capacitance of 1432 mF cm−2 and an energy density of 389.7 µWh cm−2 without sacrificing power density and rate performance. Finite element simulations further illustrate the uniform distribution of potential, electric field intensity, and energy density in this structure. In addition, the device shows great stability under deformation, excellent adhesion, and underwater workability, demonstrating great promise for next‐generation wearable energy storage devices.
Oxidized Detonation Nanodiamonds Act as an Efficient Metal‐Free Photocatalyst to Produce Hydrogen Under Solar Irradiation
Authors: Marchal Clément , Saoudi Lorris , Girard Hugues A. , Keller Valérie , Arnault Jean‐Charles
Published: December 2023

Herein, it is revealed for the first time that oxidized detonation nanodiamonds (Ox‐DND) can produce hydrogen under solar irradiation without addition of cocatalyst or formation of heterojunction with another semiconductor. This hydrogen production is investigated using two sacrificial reagents and compared to the one of hydrogenated detonation nanodiamonds (H‐DND). The effect of the Ox‐DND and sacrificial reagent concentrations on the hydrogen production is also studied. At its maximum, a H2 production yield of 32 μmol h−1 is obtained for a Ox‐DND concentration of 12.5 μg mL−1 (using only 1 vol% of triethanolamine as sacrificial reagent), similar to the one of TiO2 nanoparticles tested at the same concentration in the same illumination conditions.
A novel single‐base deletional mutation of MIP impairs protein distribution and cell‐to‐cell adhesion in autosomal dominant cataracts in a Chinese family
Authors: Yu Yinhui , Qiao Yue , Ye Yang , Luo Chenqi , Yao Ke
Published: December 2023

Congenital cataracts are the leading cause of irreversible visual disability in children, and genetic factors play an important role in their development. In this study, targeted exome sequencing revealed a novel single‐base deletional mutation of MIP (c.301delG; p.Ala101Profs*16) segregated with congenital punctate cataract in a Chinese family. The hydrophobic properties, and secondary and tertiary structures for truncated MIP were predicted to affect the function of protein by bioinformatics analysis. When MIP‐WT and MIP‐Ala101fs expression constructs were singly transfected into HeLa cells, it was found that the mRNA level showed no significant difference, while the protein level of the mutant was remarkably reduced compared to that of the wild‐type MIP. Immunofluorescence images showed that the MIP‐WT was principally localized to the plasma membrane, whereas the MIP‐Ala101fs protein was aberrantly trapped in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, the cell‐to‐cell adhesion capability and the cell‐to‐cell communication property were both significantly reduced for MIP‐Ala101fs compared to the MIP‐WT (all *p < 0.05). This is the first report of the c.301delG mutation in the MIP gene associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataracts. We propose that the cataract is caused by the decreased protein expression and reduced cell‐to‐cell adhesion by the mutant MIP. The impaired trafficking or instability of the mutant protein, as well as compromised intercellular communication is probably a concurrent result of the mutation. The results expand the genetic and phenotypic spectra of MIP and help to better understand the molecular basis of congenital cataracts.
Objective assessment of autism spectrum disorder based on performance in structured interpersonal acting‐out tasks with prosodic stability and variability
Authors: Ochi Keiko , Kojima Masaki , Ono Nobutaka , Kuroda Miho , Owada Keiho , Sagayama Shigeki , Yamasue Hidenori
Published: December 2023

In this study, we sought to objectively and quantitatively characterize the prosodic features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via the characteristics of prosody in a newly developed structured speech experiment. Male adults with high‐functioning ASD and age/intelligence‐matched men with typical development (TD) were asked to read 29 brief scripts aloud in response to preceding auditory stimuli. To investigate whether (1) highly structured acting‐out tasks can uncover the prosodic of difference between those with ASD and TD, and (2) the prosodic stableness and flexibleness can be used for objective automatic assessment of ASD, we compared prosodic features such as fundamental frequency, intensity, and mora duration. The results indicate that individuals with ASD exhibit stable pitch registers or volume levels in some affective vocal‐expression scenarios, such as those involving anger or sadness, compared with TD and those with TD. However, unstable prosody was observed in some timing control or emphasis tasks in the participants with ASD. Automatic classification of the ASD and TD groups using a support vector machine (SVM) with speech features exhibited an accuracy of 90.4%. A machine learning‐based assessment of the degree of ASD core symptoms using support vector regression (SVR) also had good performance. These results may inform the development of a new easy‐to‐use assessment tool for ASD core symptoms using recorded audio signals.
Amphiphilic Azo‐Functionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane; Synthesis and Photo‐Switched Efficient Phase Transfer via Host–Guest Encapsulation
Authors: Eftekhari‐Sis Bagher , Amirpour Nasim , Naderahmadian Aylar , Zirak Maryam , Janeta Mateusz , Mahmoudi Ghodrat
Published: December 2023

A new amphiphilic azo‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivative was synthesized by functionalizing octa(3‐aminopropyl)silsesquioxane (OAS‐POSS) with 4‐((4‐(dodecyloxy)phenyl)diazenyl)benzoic acid, affording a hydrophilic amino POSS head and hydrophobic dodecyl tail with a diphenyl‐azo connector. Prepared amphiphilic azo‐functionalized POSS (azo‐POSS) exhibited high ability for encapsulation and transferring cationic dyes into the organic phase by vigorously mixing with aqueous solutions of each dye. The photo‐controlled encapsulating properties of the synthesized phase transfer reagent was studied using cationic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV) and thymol blue in acidic conditions. Results showed more than 95 % encapsulation of MB. However, no considerable encapsulation was shown in the case of anionic dyes such as eriochrome black T (EBT) and thymol blue in alkaline solutions. By trans/cis isomerization of the azo moiety of the phase transfer reagent by UV irradiation (365 nm), the amount of dye encapsulation was decreased, which could be attributed to the formation of cis isomer that led to the folding of the dodecyl alkyl tail on the POSS moiety, and therefore prevent to lay the 3‐aminopropyl moieties of POSS head to the water/DCM interface to adsorb and encapsulate MB molecules.