bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The experience of european countries regarding the
effective functioning of local governance
Authors: Blahodarnyi Andrii M. , Barabash Olha O. , Honcharov Andrii V. , Honcharov Mykola V. , Shatilo Volodymyr A.
Published: January 2022

The experience of European democracies has great significance in building local governance, given its effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity. Local governance touches upon essential civil problems concerning the life of every person in a particular territory. This intensifies the need to search for an optimal model of local governance today. The purpose of the article is to examine the legal regulation of local governance in European countries. The article also aims to clarify
the historical aspects of the local government development and comprehensively study the impact of European standards in this area on regional policy. The authors used the scientific method to identify the theoretical basis of the study. An analysis and synthesis were applied for the discussion section to find a common notion and opinion on the study of local government systems. The main method used in the article is the comparison method that allowed us to compare two local government
systems and, as a result, find out an optimal one. The same method has been used to determine the factors that influence regional policy. The results obtained are necessary for the further development of local government systems, their improvement, and modernization at the legal and political levels.
Problems of legal regulation of artificial intelligence
in labor law of developed countries
Authors: Yaroshenko Oleg M. , Melnychuk Nataliia O. , Zhygalkin Ivan P. , Silchenko Serhii O. , Zaika Daria I.
Published: January 2022

The robotization process leads to the emergence of new subjects of legal
regulation, which includes the search for new solutions in various areas of legal, economic and social development. The aim of the study. based on the analysis of international legal acts, the legislation of developed countries, as well as doctrinal provisions in the field of legal regulation of artificial intelligence, so it is necessary to characterize the directions, review the current state of research, list the main trends, and also make a comparative legal analysis of the development of legal regulation of artificial intelligence in labor law.
It was made an analysis of the existing positions on a controversial issue among the authors. The authors have been made a classification of the approaches to the legal understanding of artificial intelligence, which were proposed in the scientific literature previously. The provisions of the legislation of developed countries in the field of legal regulation of artificial intelligence were compared, which made it
possible to use positive experience to develop proposals for improving the norms of legislation. It is highlighted the need to create a convention at the international level that would be binding and standardize the legal regulation of artificial intelligence at the global level. It is argued that the responsibility for the actions or inactions of artificial intelligence is borne by the person who develops
and programs the artificial intelligence.
Current state and trends in the development of
legislation to prevent corruption
Authors: Holovkin Bohdan M. , Melnyk Mykola I. , Trepak Viktor M.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study is to provide theoretical and legal and comparative legal analysis of the es-sence, content, modern trends and features of anti-corruption legislation, develop proposals for improving
Ukrainian anti-corruption legislation. In the process of solving research problems, general scientific methods of cognition were used, in
particular: analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy, deduction, induction, abstraction; as well as special methods: comparative legal, legal-sociological, formal-legal, systematic method and the method of structural-functional analysis etc. The analysis of criminal law norms shows that the main trends in the modernization of the criminal legislation of Ukraine on re-sponsibility for crimes of corruption in general have a positive trend. At the same time, the criminal-legal impact on public relations associated with the commission of socially dangerous acts of a corrupt nature needs further improvement in order to
prevent and timely suppress corruption crimes. In Ukraine, there are parallel systems of administrative and criminal liability for corruption-related offenses, which often leads to duplication and generally weakens the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures. In addition, the general anti-corruption laws adopted in Ukraine give the impression of a solid legal basis, but they are often inactive, since their provisions are not supported by sound law enforcement practice. Also, the anti-corruption experience of the proposed countries, such as Sweden, Finland, Germany and France really looks like a certain benchmark to which every country, including Ukraine, should strive and take example from them.
The Presupposition “Dinar Candy Arrested!? My Country Is So Funny Anyway!!” In Deddy Corbuzier Podcast Edition On August 6, 2021
Authors: Sari Sari Irayanti , Liliani Else
Published: January 2022

This study aims to identify and describe the forms of presuppositions in Deddy Corbuzier's YouTube channel podcast. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The author uses the descriptive method because all the data obtained is analyzed, interpreted and explained as it is to describe as accurately as possible all forms of presuppositions contained in the speeches of the presenters and source persons on the podcast Deddy Corbuzier's YouTube channel. The instrument used in this research is the researcher himself (human instrument). The validity of this research is by data triangulation. The data analysis technique of this research uses the pragmatic equivalent method. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that there are forms of presuppositions, namely existential presuppositions, factive presuppositions, lexical presuppositions, non-factive presuppositions, structural presuppositions and counterfactual presuppositions in Deddy Corbuzier's YouTube channel podcast.
Analisis Kepatuhan Siswa/i Tingkat SMP Dalam Berlalu Lintas
Authors: Estikhamah Fithri , Utomo Nugroho
Published: January 2022

Dalam memperlancar kegiatan manusia, sarana yang paling penting dan utama adalah transportasi. Terdapat beberapa macam transportasi yang dapat digunakan untuk mempermudah kegiatan manusia. Tetapi jenis kendaraan yang paling digemari masyarakat adalah  sepeda motor. Kepatuhan hukum masyarakat akan pentingnya etika dalam berlalu lintas masih dikategorikan rendah. Seperti misalnya beberapa pengendara kendaraan sepeda motor seringkali menyalip kendaraan lainnya tanpa memperhatikan marka jalan maupun rambu-rambu lalu lintas. Permasalahan dalam  penelitian ini adalah bagaimana tingkat kepatuhan hukum siswa SMP di Surabaya terhadap etika berlalu lintas menurut Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009. Penelitian dilakukan di sekitar kampus UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Sampel yang  diambil adalah sebanyak 30 siswa SMP/SLTP sederajat dengan metode acak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tingkat kepatuhan hukum siswa SMP di  Surabaya terhadap etika berlalu lintas menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009,  masuk dalam kategori  cukup patuh (65,57 %). Artinya siswa/i SMP dikategorikan cukup mematuhi aturan hukum sesuai dengan Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Etika Berlalu Lintas. Beberapa responden menyatakan pernah mengendarai sepeda motor tetapi untuk mengendarai sepeda motor ke sekolah memilik skor 12,16 (rendah), artinya bahwa siswa/i mematuhi aturan sekolah yang melarang siswa/i untuk membawa dan mengendarai sepeda motor. Dan secara keseluruhan responden menyatakan bahwa selalu mematuhi rambu-rambu lalu lintas, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai skor sebesar 67,57  yang artinya termasuk dalam kategori cukup patuh.
Analisa Perbandingan Salinitas dengan Kadar Klorofil- di Wilayah Perairan Sumenep Menggunakan Metode Regresi Linier dan Uji-T
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Dyah Ayu , Wibisana Hendrata , Zainab Siti
Published: January 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan wilayah perairan yang luas, wilayah perairannya mencapai 77% dari total wilayah Indonesia. Wilayah perairan di indonesia banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai ladang perekonomian masyarakat, juga sebagai sarana kebutuhan non ekonomi lain. Banyaknya aktivitas yang dilakukan di wilayah perairan, serta faktor alam lain seperti gelombang, angin, dan lain sebagainya dapat memengaruhi banyak hal di perairan tersebut, misalnya salinitas dan kadar klorofil-a. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan citra satelit aqua modis tahun 2020 dengan mengambil data bulan Januari hingga April sebagai fokus penelitian. Penelitian ini mengerucutkan semua data penelitian menjadi hanya satu macam model matematika terbaik untuk setiap gelombangnya yang dapat digunakan dalam memperhitungkan nilai salinitas pada perairan Sumenep. Dari hasil korelasi nilai salinitas tersebut didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,195. Setelah itu dilakukan analisa perbandingan dengan metode uji-T pada Program Microsoft Excel. Perbandingan dilakukan dengan variabel bebas kadar klorofil-a. Hasil yang didapat adalah hubungan antara salinitas dan kadarklorofil-a bersifat positif, atau berbanding lurus. Sedangkan untuk tingkat hubungannya termasuk dalam kategori hubungan yang lemah dengan nilai r sebesar 0,195. Secara periodik terjadi penurunan rerata antara salinitas dengan kadar klorofil-a.
Studi Okupansi dan Kelayakan Tarif Operasional KRL Commuter Line Lintas Yogyakarta – Solo Balapan
Authors: Hafizha Davin Ryan , Utomo Nugroho
Published: January 2022

Wilayah aglomerasi Yogyakarta-Solo merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki jumlah mobilitas orang yang tinggi karena dipengaruhi adanya daya tarik berupa bangkitan destinasi wisata, sarana pendidikan, maupun bisnis yang ada di wilayah ini. Potensi mobilitas orang menjadikan adanya perubahan layanan kereta perkotaan yaitu Kereta Api Prambanan Ekspres menjadi KRL Commuter Line. Pengoperasian KRL Commuter Line Yogyakarta–Solo dengan menambah titik pemberhentian yang belum dilayani oleh Kereta Api Prambanan Ekspres sebelumnya memiliki potensi terhadap bertambahnya okupansi penumpang. Tarif yang dikenakan kepada penumpang KRL Commuter Line Yogyakarta-Solo sama dengan layanan Kereta Api Prambanan Ekspres yaitu berupa sistem dengan tarif flat. Hal ini berbeda dengan tarif yang diterapkan pada basis layanan commuter line di KRL Jabodetabek yang beracuan pada jarak yang ditempuh pengguna atau disebut dengan sistem tarif progresif. Hasil analisis pada penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa okupansi Kereta Api Prambanan Ekspres pada periode tahun 2016 hingga 2020 yaitu sebesar 90,15%. Sementara itu, KRL Commuter Line Yogyakarta-Solo yang beroperasi pada masa pandemi dengan periode tinjauan tanggal 10 Februari sampai 4 April 2021 diperoleh nilai okupansi sebesar 60,11% dengan nilai pertambahan okupansi pengaruh dari 4 stasiun pemberhentian baru sebesar 4,38%. Pada analisis kelayakan tarif dengan metode ability to pay diperoleh nilai sebesar Rp11.098,00 (tarif eksisting < tarif ATP) dan analisis dengan metode willingness to pay diperoleh nilai sebesar Rp8.790,00 (tarif eksisting < tarif WTP). Tarif eksisting yang berlaku ditinjau dari ability to pay maupun willingness to pay sudah sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kesediaan responden. Selanjutnya, skema penerapan tarif progresif diperoleh tarif maksimal sebesar Rp7.000,00 (tarif progresif < tarif WTP) sehingga apabila diterapkan, tarif progresif juga masih sesuai dengan kesediaan membayar responden.
Perbandingan Karakteristik Aspal Pertamina dengan Aspal Shell Sebagai Campuran Aspal Beton
Authors: Putra Aditya Eka , Sholichin Ibnu
Published: January 2022

Perkerasan jalan di Indonesia sering terjadi kerusakan pada usia perkerasan yang relatif cukup rendah. Upaya mengatasi kerusakan jalan perlu dilakukan penyesuaian material-material yang digunakan dalam pembangunan perkerasan jalan, salah satunya adalah aspal. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas mengenai perbandingan penggunaan aspal Pertamina penetrasi 60/70 dan aspal Shell penetrasi 60/70 dalam campuran aspal beton. Variasi kadar aspal yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4%, 4,5%, 5%, 5,5%. Dari hasil pengujian sifat fisik aspal Pertamina Penetrasi 60/70 diperoleh nilai penetrasi aspal sebesar 66,6 mm, titik lembek pada 51,5℃, titik nyala pada 290℃, daktilitas sebesar 136,67 cm dan kadar aspal optimum pada kadar 5,5%. Nilai stabilitas yang diperoleh sebesar 4969,60 kg, nilai flow sebasar 6,15 mm, nilai Marshall Quotient sebesar 818,55 kg/mm. Hasil pengujian fisik aspal Shell penetrasi 60/70 diperoleh nilai penetrasi, titik lembek, titik nyala dan daktilitas sebesar 69,4 mm, 56℃, 318℃ dan 128 cm. Kadar aspal optimum aspal Shell penetrasi 60/70 diperoleh pada kadar 5,5% dengan nilai stabilitas sebesar 5214,29 kg, nilai flow sebesar 4,34 mm, nilai Marshall Quetient sebesar 1203.21 kg/mm. Dari hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa aspal Shell penetrasi 60/70 relatif lebih baik ditinjau dari besar hasil nilai penetrasi, titik lembek, nilai stabilitas, flow, dan Marshall Quotient yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan aspal Pertamina penetrasi 60/70.
ВІЙСЬКОВО-РЕЛІГІЙНІ ВІДНОСИНИ В УКРАЇНІ: ПИТАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Автушенко Ірина , Автушенко Олександр
Published: January 2022

Проаналізовано військово-релігійні відносини в незалежній Україні. Розвитку цих відносин сприяли зміни у духовному житті суспільства. В  історії  військово-релігійних  відносин  виділяється  два  етапи.  Перший  характеризується  безсистемною  співпрацею  релігійних  конфесій зі Збройними Силами України та розробкою нормативно-правової бази. У різних конфесіях почали формуватися напрями діяльності щодо задоволення духовних потреб військовослужбовців. Другий етап, починаючи з 2006 року, відзначився консолідованою співпрацею Церкви зі структурними підрозділами Збройних Сил України, становленням інституту військового капеланства. Військові священники підтримують бойовий дух та моральний стан військовослужбовців, що сприяє підвищенню боє- здатності військових частин та захисту кордонів країни.

Ключові слова: військово-релігійні відносини в Україні, військовослуж- бовці, капелани, священники, Церква, національна безпека, свобода релігійного віросповідання.
Þróun aðferðafræði fyrir mat á tæknilega mögulegu vatnsafli með notkun vatnafræðilíkana í hárri upplausn
Authors: Þórarinsdóttir Tinna , Garðarsson Sigurður Magnús , Crochet Philippe , Andradóttir Hrund Ólöf
Published: January 2022

Rafmagnsframleiðsla Íslendinga kemur að stórum hluta frá vatnsorku. Nú eru liðin rúm 30 ár frá því að síðast var lagt mat á vatnsafl landsins og á þeim tíma hafa orðið tæknilegar framfarir sem kalla á endurnýjun þessa mats. Markmið þessarar greinar er að lýsa þróun á aðferðafræði sem nota má við útreikninga og kortlagningu tæknilega mögulegs vatnsafls þar sem þróuð hafa verið vatnafræðileg líkön í hárri upplausn, eins og er tilfellið
á Íslandi. Dagleg meðalgildi rennslis fengust á reglulegu reiknineti með 1 km upplausn með hjálp vatnafræðilíkansins WasiM. Rennsli í farvegum var reiknað skv. rastagögnum úr ArcGIS gagnagrunni Veðurstofu Íslands um yfirborðshalla og samsöfnun rennslis. Úrkomugögn voru einnig notuð sem ígildi rennslis til þess að greina áhrif þess að nota margþætt vatnafræðilíkan fram yfir óbreytt úrkomugögn. Bæði var gert ráð fyrir miðluðu og ómiðluðu rennsli með því að nota mismunandi hlutfallsmörk á langæislínu sem rennslismat. Mat á mögulegu vatnsafli fór fram fyrir hvern reit sem staðsettur er í rennslisfarvegi innan reikninets með 25 m upplausn. Tæknilega mögulegt vatnsafl er heildarvatnsafl miðað við fullkomna nýtni, án þess að gert sé ráð fyrir neinum takmörkunum, svo sem vegna náttúruverndar eða annarrar landnýtingar. Í þessari grein eru niðurstöður mats á mögulegu vatnsafli á vatnasviði Dynjanda á Vestfjörðum kynntar.

A large portion of the total electricity production in Iceland originates from hydropower. The last estimation of the hydropower potential was conducted thirty years ago, in 1981. Since then, there have been major technical
developments that call for a renewal of estimation of hydropower potential. The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a methodology that can be used for calculating and mapping technical hydropower potential where high resolution hydrological models are available, as is the case for Iceland. Average daily discharge was provided on a gridded form with 1 km2 resolution by the hydrological model WaSiM. The discharge was routed along the river channel using information about slope and flow accumulation from the ArcGIS database at the Icelandic Meteorological Office. Gridded precipitation data was also routed and used as a proxy for runoff in order to study the benefit in using an advanced hydrological model rather than a crude estimate of the water input onto the catchment. Both regulated and unregulated discharge was accounted for in the methodology by using different quintiles of a flow duration curve (FDC) derived from estimated discharge. The potential hydropower was estimated for each grid cell along the river network with a resolution of 25 m. The technical hydropower potential represents all potential hydropower with full efficiency and without assuming any limitations, such as environmental protection or other land use. Results of hydropower potential estimated for the catchment of Dynjandi River in Iceland are presented.
Einangrun, kuldabrýr og yfirborðshiti flata
Authors: Marteinsson Björn
Published: January 2022

Auknar kröfur til kólnunartalna og ákvörðun á hámarksgildi leiðnitaps bygginga í byggingarreglugerð hafa vakið talsverða umræðu um áhrif kuldabrúa í hefðbundnum steyptum vegg, sem hérlendis hefur af hefð verið einangraður að innanverðu. Í greininni er fjallað um kuldabrúargildi í slíkum
vegg og hvaða leiðir eru færar til að uppfylla kröfur byggingareglugerðar varðandi hámarks leyft leiðnitap bygginga. Kuldabrúargildi fyrir festivinkla í klæðningarkerfum utan á veggi eru reiknuð og sýnt fram á að einföldunaraðgerðir í ÍST 66 til að ákvarða slík gildi.

Increased requirements in the Icelandic building regulation regarding U-values of building components and determination of maximum allowed transmission losses in buildings have put increased weight on calculation of thermal bridges. This also has resulted in doubts about the future of the traditional Icelandic concrete wall, insulated on the inside. The article describes the necessary actions if the traditional wall is to be used and how the thermal bridge effect at the junction of floor slab and concrete wall can be diminished. The thermal bridge value for fasteners of cladding systems
is calculated and it is shown that the simplified method in the thermal calculation standard IST 66 is not appropriate for such calculations.
Greining sveigjanlegra vegbygginga
Authors: Sævarsdóttir Þorbjörg , Erlingsson Sigurður
Published: January 2022

Aðferðir við burðarþolshönnun vega hafa til langs tíma byggt á reynslu. Þessar aðferðir eru einfaldar en takmarkaðar og niðurstöðurnar oft einhæfar og ógagnsæjar. Víða er verið að þróa nýjar aflfræðilegar hönnunaraðferðir sem spá fyrir um niðurbrotshegðun vega sem fall af tíma. Hegðunin er háð mörgum ólíkum þáttum svo sem álagi, efnisvali, þykkt laga og umhverfisþáttum. Helsti veikleiki aflfræðilegu aðferðanna er takmörkuð þekking á áhrifum ýmissa umhverfisþátta (s.s. hitastigs, raka
og frosts/þíðu skipta) á efniseiginleika mismunandi laga vegarins og hver séu tengslin milli niðurbrotsferils vegarins og umhverfisþáttanna. Hröðuð álagspróf (APT) þar sem vegbygging var prófuð með þungum bílhermi (HVS) og svörun mæld sem fall af tíma voru notuð til að kanna og greina hvaða áhrif þung umferð og aukinn raki hefðu á vegbygginguna.

Due to the complex behaviour of pavements most traditional pavement design is done with empirical methods that are based on long­term experience. Due to their simplicity, one of their limitations is that they cannot be extrapolated with confidence beyond the conditions on which they are based. New mechanistic design methods are being developed to predict the behaviour of road structures. The behaviour depends on many factors such as the applied loads, the materials used, the thickness of the layers and the environmental conditions. One of the main limitations is the influence environmental conditions (such as temperature, moisture and frost/thaw variations) have on the materials and deterioration of road structures. Here accelerated pavement tests (APT), where instrumented pavement structures are tested using a heavy vehicle simulator (HVS), are used to examine the influence increased moisture content has on road structures and the accuracy of repeated tests is estimated.
Skill Choice, Brain Drain, and Variety of Goods: Innovation in the Core Periphery Model
Authors: Hiramatsu Tomoru
Published: January 2022

People judge whether they want to be high-skilled workers by considering the economic returns and the effort required to skill. This study considers two regions: an advanced industrial region, where high-skilled workers increase the variety of goods through innovation, and an underdeveloped region where innovation does not occur. Here, workers become high-skilled, considering regions of origin and potential abilities. Numerical simulations show that the proportion of high-skilled workers reacts in an inverted U-shape, as the variety of goods increases. When the variety of goods is small, the ratio of high-skilled workers in the developed regions is higher than that in the underdeveloped regions; as it increases, the proportion of high-skilled workers born in both regions increase. The proportion of high-skilled workers born in developed regions eventually declines; however, it increases in the underdeveloped regions. As the variety of goods increases, the proportion of high-skilled workers decreases in the underdeveloped regions.
Editorial for the Special Issue on Migration, Education, and Youth
Authors: Vila Freyer Ana , Buran Sümeyra
Published: January 2022

In this special issue, we present a selection of papers discussing from a multidisciplinary perspective and referring to various geographies, the particularities of young migrants, their decisions to return, determinants of their migration, social networks, integration, education, and their role in the diaspora. Our goal is to continue the debate on youth migration and point out the questions and theoretical challenges to further our understanding of human mobility.
Effect of Job Demand and Support on Work-Family Conflict in Selected Banking Institutions in Ghana
Authors: Osei Boakye Augustine , Fiakpornu Joseph , Yeboah Samuel , Addai Prince
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of job demand and job support on employees' work-family conflict. Of paramount interest was to verify whether work-family conflict differed among male and female employees in the banking sector of Ghana.
Design/Methodology: This study used a descriptive survey design and a quantitative approach to collect data from banking institutions with the help of a standardized questionnaire. The independent sample t-test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The study results showed that job demand had a positive effect on work-family conflict while job support also had a negative effect on work-family conflict. The study also revealed no significant difference in the experience of work-family conflict among males and females in the banking sector of Ghana.
Practical Implications: The study's findings indicate that for employees in the banking sector of Ghana to contribute their quota towards the competitiveness of their banks, there is the need for their work-family interface to be aligned appropriately through family-friendly policies, realistic job targets, and substantial work-resources.
Considerações sobre a expansão capitalista para o semiárido
Authors: Pereira Barbosa Erlene , Pires da Silva Wagner
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho procura entender a formação e os aspectos humanos e sociais que compõem o semiárido, traçando, sob um viés antropológico, um esboço do que é o semiárido, que engloba a maior parte do território nordestino, realizando uma discussão que possibilite a compreensão do local no imaginário social. O sertão nordestino abriga milhões de indivíduos, sendo um território rico em cultura e costumes com características próprias bem diversas de outras regiões e que nas últimas décadas tem recebido transformações agudas em suas relações de trabalho. Utilizando a abordagem marxista é possível acompanhar as transformações locais e suas relações com o global em um momento em que se alargam as fronteiras econômicas, com o capitalismo e a globalização moldando a rotina das pessoas, mesmo nos lugares mais remotos.
Acacia angustissima leaf meal use as alternative protein source in broiler (Gallus Gallus domestics) chicks feed
Authors: Habib Rukhsana , Niazi Wasim Khan , Azam Abdur Rehman , Latif Tooba
Published: January 2022

Broiler is the cheap source of protein for human. However, high demand ofbroiler causing much pressure on poultry industry. This pressure is mostly due tofeed requirement. This study is design to find the effect of Acacia angustissimaleaves on growth performance, carcass weight and internal organ of broiler. Total120 chickens are taken in this experiment. Three different treatments 5%, 10%and 15% feeds are given to broilers along with one control. Total 120 chicks werepurchased and kept in 12 different groups. Every group contain 10 chickens. Theywere feed for 6 weeks and their live weight and feed consumption was recordedon every Friday at 8am for each bird. At the end of experiment after 6 weeks, 4chickens from each treatment were slaughter and their carcass weight and internalorgans weight were calculated. It is observed that 5% treatment give 1551g average weight on 6th week however, 10% remains 1462.2g and 15% on 1452.8g. Thecontrol group could produce 1501g. The treatments for live weight, breast weight,hot carcass and drum stick remain significant (p<0.05). The significant value fordefeathered weight and thigh remained non-significant (p<0.05). Weight of intestine, gizzard and liver remained significant (p<0.05) and heart’s weight (p>0.05).On average the weight of each chicken remain 1551g per chicken and feed intake1079g/week. It is observed from this experiment, 5% inclusion of Acacia angustissima is best for growth performance and feed intake.
Key words: Acacia Angustissima leaf meal, Internal organs, Carcass,Growth Performance.
The Investigation of β-case in gene polymorphism and its relationship with milk composition in cows
Authors: Ladyka V. , Pavlenko Y. , Drevytska T. , Dosenko V. , Sklyarenko Y.
Published: January 2022

To study the polymorphism of β-casein gene and its effecton the quality of cow's milk the research was conducted in the breeding herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy, Lebedynand Simmental breeds. Genotyping of 200 head of cattle wascarried out. Determination of β-casein gene polymorphismwas performed in the genetic laboratory of Bohomolets Institute of Physiology. The TagMan@Genotyping system and aset of primers and probes were used for allelic discrimination.It was found that the frequencies of alleles A1 (0.294-0.380) and A2 in the locus of β-casein gene differed in animals of different breeds. The highest frequency of the desiredallele A2 had the population of Lebedyn breed cows (0.706),while the lowest was in Simmental ones (0.620). The frequency of A1 allele was the lowest in the cows of Lebedyn breed(0.294), and the highest in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairybreed (0.380). Accordingly, the frequencies of genotypesA1A1, A1A2 and A2A2 differed depending on the origin. Thedesired genotype was more common in animals of UkrainianBlack-and-White Dairy and Lebedyn breeds (53-52%, respectively). Heterozygous genotype occurred more frequently in animals of Lebedyn and Simmental breeds (37%). Thehighest frequency of A1A1 genotype was characteristic ofanimals of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy and Simmentalbreeds (20%). According to the genetic and statistical analysis, there was an excess of homozygous variants of A1A1 andA2A2 in β-casein locus, and a lack of heterozygous A1A2.At the same time in animals of Ukrainian Black-and-WhiteDairy breed, the difference between the actual and expecteddistribution of genotypes was statistically significant.There was a difference in the quality characteristics ofmilk between animals of different genotypes. In animals ofdifferent breeds, the content of certain components of milkdid not vary equally depending on theβ-casein genotype, butthis difference was statistically insignificant.Cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed withhomozygous A1A1 genotype exceeded others in terms offat content, those with heterozygous A1A2 genotype had anadvantage in terms of protein, lactose and dried skimmedmilk remainder (DSMR). Animals of Lebedyn breed with theA2A2 genotype predominated animals of other genotypes inall investigated indicators of milk quality. Animals of Simmental breed with the desired A2A2 genotype had a lower fatcontent in milk compared to animals of other genotypes andthe average values in the sample. These animal together withA1A1 homozygotes had higher protein content in milk thanheterozygous animals and average values in the sample. Inour opinion the small number of experimental animals wasone of the reasons for the lack of a definite difference betweenthe average values of the milk components of cows of different β-casein genotypes.
Key words: breed, fatcontent, proteincontent, kappacasein, genotype, allele, sire.
Perhitungan Kompleksitas Metode Golden Section dalam Optimasi Parameter Pemulusan Eksponensial Ganda Brown dan Holt
Authors: Saputra Nurrahim Dwi , Aziz Abdul , Harjito Bambang
Published: January 2022

Algoritma yang baik, selain memiliki nilai galat yang minimum, diharapkan juga memiliki waktu eksekusi dan ruang memori yang efisien. Penelitian ini melakukan perhitungan kompleksitas waktu menggunakan pendekatan teoretis dan eksperimental dari metode golden section yang digunakan sebagai optimator parameter dalam prediksi menggunakan pemulusan eksponensial ganda Brown dan Holt. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode golden section untuk optimasi parameter α pada pemulusan eksponensial ganda Brown, metode modified golden section untuk optimasi parameter α dan γ pada pemulusan eksponensial ganda Holt, metode pemulusan eksponensial ganda Brown, dan metode pemulusan eksponensial ganda Holt memiliki kompleksitas waktu linear O(n), dengan n adalah banyaknya data.
Sistem Informasi Akademik Sekolah Luar Biasa Berbasis Web
Authors: Qudsiyyah Yosviani , Sutedi Ade , Septiana Yosep , Mubarok Muhammad Syauqi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh studi kasus permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) An-Nurfalah Cibiuk. SLB An-Nurfalah adalah organisasi pendidikan formal yang memberikan pendidikan bagi anak-anak dengan kebutuhan luar biasa. Proses pengelolaan akademik masih menggunakan proses manual, sehingga akan menurunkan kapasitas sistem untuk menampilkan data secara cepat dan akurat. Penilaian guru di SLB An-Nurfalah Cibiuk terhadap aktivitas siswa masih kurang akurat dalam menghasilkan data, akibat masih ditemukan informasi yang repetitif, tidak tertera, tidak akurat dan salah dalam rekaptulasi penilaian. Problem lain yang muncul adalah pemeriksaan data siswa bersumber pada kategori juga karakteristik, jika dilakukan dalam bentuk tertulis atau sistem manual, akan memakan durasi yang lamban. Tujuan dari penelitian ini rmerupakan rmerancang sistem informasi akademik berbasis web yang didalam nya terdapat fitir-fitur berupa data guru, data siswa, pendataan kelas, jadwal mata pelajaran dan penilaian. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metodologi Rational Unified Process (RUP), kemudian menggunakan pemodelan Unified Modeling Language (UML) dan bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah PHP dengan memakai framework Laravel. Penelitian ini menghasilkan berupa perancangan sistem informasi akademik berbasis web, yang dapat menangani pengelolaan data guru, siswa, kelas, mata pelajaran, jadwal dan evaluasi akhir siswa, serta diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan orang tua/wali siswa akan informasi tentang nilai akhir anak-anak mereka.
Comparison of Anterior Segment Measurements between Scheimpflug-Placido Camera and New Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Choe Gon Soo , Kim Kook Young
Published: January 2022

Purpose: We compared anterior segment measurements obtained using a Scheimpflug-Placido topographer (SIRIUS®, Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy) and a new anterior module for a swept-source optical coherence tomography system (ANTERION®, Heidelberg Engineering Inc., Heidelberg, Germany).Methods: Anterior segment measurements were evaluated in 74 eyes of 101 patients with the two devices. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal refractive power (K), J0 (Jackson cross-cylinder with axes at 180° and 90°), J45 vector (Jackson cross-cylinder with axes at 45° and 135°), and white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW) measurements obtained using the SIRIUS® system and the new anterior segment module of ANTERION® were compared.Results: The mean CCTs measured by SIRIUS® and ANTERION® were 558.69 ± 44.65 and 540.26 ± 36.57 μm, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.005), and there were high correlations between the two methods (r = 0.915, p < 0.001). The mean ACD measurements were 3.34 ± 0.53 and 3.34 ± 0.51 mm (p = 0.856), respectively, for SIRIUS® and ANTERION®. The measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.966, p < 0.001). The measurements of WTW, total mean K, and J0 obtained with the two systems differed significantly (p < 0.005, p = 0.017, and p < 0.005, respectively), with high correlations between the two systems (r = 0.875, r = 0.967, and r = 0.933, respectively; all p < 0.001).Conclusions: There were significant differences in measurements of K, CCT, WTW, and J0 between the two devices. Agreement analysis suggests that SIRIUS® and ANTERION® should not be used interchangeably.
Macular Microvasculature Features of the Eyes of Healthy Korean Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Jun Tae Ha , Moon Jong Won
Published: January 2022

Purpose: We used optical coherence tomography angiography to analyze the macular microvasculature of normal eyes of healthy Korean children; we derived normative data stratified by age.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 68 children (126 eyes) aged from 3 to 15 years. Optical coherence tomography angiography was performed on 3-mm2 regions centered on the fovea. The vascular densities of the superficial and deep capillary plexuses and the foveal avascular zone were determined, and analyzed by age. We sought correlations between age, gender, axial length, and the spherical equivalent.Results: The foveal, superficial capillary plexus vessel densities were 17.41 ± 5.41, 20.53 ± 4.76, 21.78 ± 5.73, and 22.95 ± 3.91% in children aged 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, and 12-15 years, respectively. The vessel densities of the foveal deep capillary plexus were 30.20 ± 6.59, 34.54 ± 7.16, 35.81 ± 6.02, and 37.38 ± 5.16% in those aged 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, and 12-15 years, respectively. Significant differences by age were apparent (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). The foveal vessel densities of the superficial and deep capillary plexuses were positively correlated with axial length (R2 = 0.153, p < 0.001; R2 = 0.158, p < 0.001, respectively) and the foveal avascular zone area was negatively correlated with axial length (R2 = 0.085, p < 0.001).Conclusions: The vessel densities of the superficial and deep capillary plexuses measured via optical coherence tomography angiography in normal eyes of healthy Korean children differed by age, and correlated significantly with axial length.
Usefulness of Cycloplegic Refraction with Atropine in Patients with Partially Accommodative Esotropia
Authors: Kim Tae Yeon , Jeon Hyeshin
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of atropine (Isopto atropine 1% eye drops®; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX, USA) for cycloplegic refraction in patients with partially accommodative esotropia.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with partially accommodative esotropia who underwent cycloplegic refraction using both cyclopentolate and atropine at Pusan National University Hospital between November 2017 and December 2020. Patients who replaced their glasses after cycloplegic refraction with atropine were included in group 1 and all other patients were included in group 2. Clinical features and the angle of ocular deviation were compared between the two groups.Results: This study included 23 patients with a mean age of 58.2 ± 22.3 months and mean interval between the two examinations of 5.2 ± 4.1 months. Spherical equivalent was larger after cycloplegic refraction using atropine compared to cyclopentolate (+3.04 ± 1.70 and +2.31 ± 1.75 diopters, respectively; p = 0.001). Groups 1 and 2 included 19 (83%) and 4 (17%) patients, respectively. Clinical characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups. In group 1, the angle of ocular deviation at near fixation significantly decreased from 28.7 ± 14.0 to 20.7 ± 11.6 prism diopters (p = 0.002) after correction of the refractive error.Conclusions: Cycloplegic refraction with atropine may be useful for detecting latent hyperopia and managing strabismus in patients with partially accommodative esotropia.
Augmented Reality Can Improve Accuracy in
Identifying Botulinum Toxin Injection Sites
Authors: van Rhee Chevonne , Jacob John , Muhammed Kinan
Published: January 2022

Facial botulinum toxin injection is a skill developed with experience. Inaccurate injections of the toxin can cause local complications as well as patient distress. Trainees typically learn to perform facial injections following detailed study of medical anatomy diagrams. However, anatomy diagram depictions of a ‘standard’ face may not be generalisable to the varied facial anatomy of real patients. Augmented reality (AR) technology may provide a more individualised approach. In this study, an AR smartphone app, designed for the development of recreational social media filters, was repurposed to create a face filter that overlaid facial muscles and corresponding botulinum toxin injection sites onto the face of any subject detected by the supporting device’s camera. The primary outcome was to determine if accuracy in injection site identification was superior using the AR app versus a standard facial anatomy diagram. Ten participants who were naïve to administering facial injections used both the AR app and anatomy diagram to mark 10 injection sites on the face of a test subject using a makeup pen. The distance between these sites and the ‘gold standard’ injection sites as determined by an expert botulinum toxin practitioner was calculated. Participants were more accurate with the AR app than with the diagram, with average distance from expert-identified location 4.60 mm versus 6.75 mm, respectively (p<0.01). Further research is needed in optimising this technology prior to trialling its use in patients; however, AR has tremendous potential to become a useful adjunct for procedures requiring anatomical knowledge of facial muscles.
Children as Filmmakers: Well-Being, Social Ecology, and Cognitive Mapping inDelhi at Eleven
Authors: Stephens John
Published: January 2022

Delhi at Eleven, a compendium of four short films made with video cameras by eleven-year-old Indian schoolchildren in 2012, is filmed from a child's perspective – literally, in the low positioning of the single camera, and mentally, in the nature of the close attention paid to the details of events and relationships. The films create strikingly individual images of the filmmakers' world and offer sharply observed comments on the restrictions upon subjective agency and well-being in children's lives. The children were given limited training in how to make a film and completed some exercises designed to encourage them to think about the nature of a shot, framing, sequence, order, and structure. They received some mentoring in selecting footage to include and exclude. My discussion here explores the interrelationship of cognitive mapping, social ecology, and cinematic space in these films. These four films offer perspectives on urban livelihoods, marginality, class, gender, kinship, household economy, poverty, and modernity, and are thus particularly informative about how children can map their society.
Shot To Win: Electoral Prospects and Republicans' Openness to the COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Kane John V. , Anson Ian G.
Published: January 2022

The future of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States will likely depend upon Americans’ openness to vaccination against the virus. Yet a sizable partisan gap in perceptions of the vaccine has emerged. In this Letter, we propose that partisans’ psychological aversion to electoral loss presents an opportunity for the deployment of framing messages to increase openness to the COVID-19 vaccine. Specifically, we analyze the effects of a “Shot to Win” (STW) message that frames vaccination as a means of ensuring that a party’s members remain healthy enough to vote and defeat the opposing party. Results of a pre-registered survey experiment provide evidence that STW messaging increases Republicans’ openness to vaccination across a variety of attitudinal and behavioral outcomes, and that STW’s effectiveness extends beyond its function as a mere elite cue. More broadly, these results exemplify how out-party attitudes might be effectively leveraged in service of the public interest.
Nivel Educativo, Edad y Funcionamiento Ejecutivo: Relación en la vejez
Authors: Figueroa Carla Soledad , Lagos Hernández Roberto , García Domínguez Maricela
Published: January 2022

El envejecimiento conlleva una serie de manifestaciones cognitivas que afectan las actividades de la vida diaria. Este estudio tuvo como propósito establecer la relación entre la escolaridad, la fluidez verbal, memoria viso espacial y memoria de trabajo, en el envejecimiento. Para ello se evaluaron 120 sujetos, de 55 a 89 años de edad, distribuidos en 3 grupos: 46 sujetos con escolaridad básica, 41 con escolaridad media y 33 con escolaridad alta. Los resultados de los análisis indicaron una fuerte asociación entre la escolaridad y el desempeño en tareas de fluidez verbal fonológica, observándose que a medida que disminuye la escolaridad disminuye el desempeño en tareas de fluidez verbal fonológica en los adultos mayores.En relación a la edad de los adultos mayores, se encontró un descenso en el desempeño de todas las pruebas a medida que aumenta la edad. Los hallazgos encontrados en esta investigación, entregaron evidencia de que la escolaridad es un factor asociado al deterioro cognitivo y a su vez a la funcionalidad en los adultos mayores, también entrega evidencia de la necesidad de considerar la escolaridad a la hora de realizar valoraciones cognitivas.
Hitos de la Evaluación Perceptual Auditiva de la Voz: ¿Hay Evidencia?
Authors: Angel Gordillo Luisa Fernanda
Published: January 2022

La evaluación perceptual auditiva es la herramienta más antigua y con mayor uso para determinar la idoneidad de la voz humana. Como resultado de una revisión minuciosa en PubMed se identifica que este enfoque ha evolucionado en lo conceptual y lo metodológico enmarcado en tres momentos: el primero caracterizado por el uso indiscriminado de etiquetas particulares, el segundo centrado en la construcción y refinamiento de escalas con confiabilidad intra e interevaluador, y a futuro, su posicionamiento como un estándar de oro que exalta los determinantes humanos y sociales de la voz. Las escalas más utilizadas en las investigaciones fueron GRBAS y CAPE-V. Adicionalmente, se argumenta la idoneidad de los vocablos más apropiados en idioma español  para la denominación de “voice quality” equiparable a cualidad vocal (indicador descriptivo multidimensional) o calidad vocal (valoración de severidad) según corresponda.
Fisiología Resonancial: Conceptos Claves para la Fonoaudiología
Authors: Moreno Méndez Adriana
Published: January 2022

El objetivo fundamental  de la presente revisión teórica es describir concepciones esenciales  de la fisiología resonancial e identificar los lineamientos claves que le conciernen a la fonoaudiología para   entender las condiciones anatomofisiológicas  especiales en las cuales trabajan las cavidades de resonancia, permitiendo así entender el  fundamento para la evaluación, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las alteraciones resonanciales, al igual que los principios para direccionar la educación y reeducación de las voces profesionales.
Terapia Vocal de Cantantes: Una Reflexión Sobre La Práctica
Authors: Amin Elisabeth
Published: January 2022

Este artículo se destina a la reflexión sobre las habilidades y conocimientos necesarios para el trabajo del fonoaudiólogo interesado en terapia vocal para cantantes, que aquí denominamos “terapia de las delicadezas”. Desde el eje de la indagación sobre qué habita el espacio existente entre terapeuta y paciente, se discute que la comprensión de las complejas relaciones entre el cerebro y la laringe, entre el cuerpo y la voz, el comportamiento de la musculatura respiratoria, la fisiología vocal involucrada en los distintos estilos de canto es solo una pequeña parte del conocimiento necesario para el terapeuta que busca actuar en este campo. Esto es relevante porque son muchas las variables existentes en un problema que presenta un cantante o un actor, problema este que puede o no estar relacionado a su técnica artística. La discusión que plantea este texto es fruto de la sistematización del trabajo de habilitación y rehabilitación de cantantes y actores en la ciudad de São Paulo (Brasil), que viene siendo desarrollado hace 30 años. Constatamos que conocer el universo vocal de la voz cantada a través de la propia vivencia con el canto puede ayudar al terapeuta a tener más intimidad con su voz y así facilitar que se entable una relación de confianza con el paciente.

 Palabras clave: canto; voz; trastornos de la voz; entrenamiento de voz; laringe
Ejercicios de Tracto Vocal Semi-Ocluido en la Rehabilitación de Parálisis Recurrenciales: Estudio de casos
Authors: Coll Barragán Roxana
Published: January 2022

El siguiente trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio de la eficacia de los ejercicios de tracto vocal semi-ocluido pertenecientes a la tendencia filosófica fisiológica en el tratamiento de las parálisis recurrenciales unilaterales en posición paramedia. Se trata de ejercicios basados en la teoría no lineal de la producción vocal que buscan restablecer el equilibrio entre los sistemas respiratorio, laríngeo y resonancial durante la fonación. Facilitan la interacción fuente-filtro modificando la impedancia del tracto vocal a través de oclusiones y alargamientos del mismo.  Se demuestra la efectividad de dichos ejercicios en seis casos de pacientes con parálisis de cuerda vocal unilateral a los que se les realizó terapia vocal durante tres meses con la tendencia fisiológica. Se realizó una valoración inicial y otra final a través del estudio perceptual, acústico y de tiempos fonatorios e índice s/z para demostrar los cambios obtenidos. Se concluye que los ejercicios de TVSO constituyen una herramienta eficaz en el abordaje de esta patología.