bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronological changes in stenosis of translocated coronary arteries on angiography after the arterial switch operation in children with transposition of the great arteries: comparison of myocardial scintigraphy and angiographic findings
Authors: Sugiyama Hisashi , Tsuda Etsuko , Ohuchi Hideo , Yamada Osamu , Shiraishi Isao
Published: May 2015

Background

The peri-operative mortality of the arterial switch operation in neonates with transposition of the great arteries is considerably low; however, long-term outcomes of translocated coronary arteries still remain one of the most crucial issues.

Methods and results

A total of 110 neonates with transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation were evaluated; three (2.7%) late deaths occurred. The remaining 107 patients except for one underwent follow-up angiography. Angiography showed coronary artery stenosis in nine (8.4%), with right coronary artery lesions in two and left main trunk lesions in seven. In two patients, right coronary artery stenosis regressed during follow-up. In left main trunk lesions, the severity of stenosis improved in four, did not change in one, and progressed to total occlusion in two patients. In children with coronary artery stenosis, myocardial scintigraphy showed perfusion defects in five out of six (83%) with left main trunk with ⩾75% stenosis and in four out of four with left main trunk stenosis ⩾90%. In contrast, patients whose coronary artery stenosis disappeared during follow-up had no perfusion defects on scintigraphy.

Conclusions

Regression of ostial stenosis of the transplanted coronary artery on angiogram was observed. The stenosis regressed over time in six patients; two coronary arteries with 99% stenosis and delayed angiographic enhancement of the distal coronary artery resulted in total occlusion within 1 year after the arterial switch operation. Combination of angiography and myocardial scintigraphy could be useful to differentiate deceptive stenosis from progressive stenosis.
First record of chlorophyte Nephroselmis pyriformis from the north-eastern Mediterranean Sea coast
Authors: Eker-Develi Elif
Published: May 2015

Nephroselmis pyriformis(N. Carter) Ettl is reported for the first time from the north-eastern Mediterranean Sea coast. The species was isolated from the samples collected on 21 September 2013. The morphology of live cells is described based on light microscopy. Photographic and video images of the species are also presented.
Occurrence of the non-indigenous Omobranchus punctatus (Blenniidae) on the São Paulo coast, South-Eastern Brazil
Authors: Contente R.F. , Brenha-Nunes M.R. , Siliprandi C.C. , Lamas R.A. , Conversani V.R.M.
Published: May 2015

We report, for the first time, the occurrence of the muzzled blenny,Omobranchus punctatus, on the coast of São Paulo, South-Eastern Brazil, partially filling a record gap within the species’ expected distribution in Brazil. One individual was found on 16 June 2014 in a sand-bottom tide pool of a tidal flat ecosystem, adjacent to the port of São Sebastião.
On the Robustness of the Quizzing Effect under Real Teaching Conditions
Authors: Betsch Tilmann , Quittenbaum Nancy , Lüders Manfred
Published: May 2015

Lab experiments and field studies showed that studying improves short-term memory, whereas active retrieval improves long-term memory – a phenomenon known as the quizzing (or testing) effect. In a quasi-experimental field study with four elementary school classes (18 < n < 22) and a pretest – posttest (5 min after the intervention) – posttest (6 weeks later) design, we tested the robustness of the quizzing effect under real conditions involving verbal teacher-student interactions in geometry lessons on symmetry in elementary schoolers. Results showed that re-studying compared to active retrieval (quizzing) enhanced learning more when measured directly after the lessons. This pattern revered when knowledge was measured six weeks later, demonstrating that the quizzing effect was robust. Moreover, long-term memory generally increased after six weeks. Limitations of the quasi-experimental approach are discussed.
Zusammenhänge allgemeiner und spezifischer Intelligenzfaktoren mit allgemeinen und spezifischen Schulleistungen im Nested-Factor-Modell
Authors: Valerius Sonja , Sparfeldt Jörn R.
Published: May 2015

Zur Klärung des Zusammenhangsgefüges von allgemeinen sowie spezifischen Intelligenzfaktoren und Schulleistungen (Zensuren) wurden zwei Intelligenztestbatterien (KFT 4-12+R – Kurzform, BIS-4 – Kurzform) N = 562 Neuntklässlern (Gymnasium) administriert und die Zeugniszensuren in sechs Fächern erhoben. Im kombinierten Nested-Factor-Modell wurden die Zusammenhänge eines allgemeinen (g) sowie spezifischer Intelligenzfaktoren (verbal, numerisch, figural) mit einem allgemeinen Schulleistungsfaktor sowie spezifischen (sprachlich, mathematisch/naturwissenschaftlich) Schulleistungsfaktoren spezifiziert. Der allgemeine Schulleistungsfaktor hing mit dem Intelligenz-g-Faktor substanziell zusammen (r = .44). Zusätzlich zeigten sich zwischen den spezifischen verbalen und numerischen Intelligenzfaktoren mit den spezifischen Schulleistungsfaktoren konvergente (r ≈ .50) und divergente (|r| ≤ .18) Validitätshinweise. Der spezifische figurale Intelligenzfaktor hing sowohl mit der sprachlichen als auch der mathematisch/naturwissenschaftlichen Schulleistung zusammen (r ≈ .30). Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich der Relevanz einer systematischen Betrachtung der Zusammenhänge zwischen der allgemeinen Intelligenz und spezifischen Intelligenzfaktoren mit allgemeinen und spezifischen Schulleistungen diskutiert.
Single-molecule imaging of a three-component ordered actin disassembly mechanism
Authors: Jansen Silvia , Collins Agnieszka , Chin Samantha M. , Ydenberg Casey A. , Gelles Jeff , Goode Bruce L.
Published: May 2015

The mechanisms by which cells destabilize and rapidly disassemble filamentous actin networks have remained elusive; however, Coronin, Cofilin and AIP1 have been implicated in this process. Here using multi-wavelength single-molecule fluorescence imaging, we show that mammalian Cor1B, Cof1 and AIP1 work in concert through a temporally ordered pathway to induce highly efficient severing and disassembly of actin filaments. Cor1B binds to filaments first, and dramatically accelerates the subsequent binding of Cof1, leading to heavily decorated, stabilized filaments. Cof1 in turn recruits AIP1, which rapidly triggers severing and remains bound to the newly generated barbed ends. New growth at barbed ends generated by severing was blocked specifically in the presence of all three proteins. This activity enabled us to reconstitute and directly visualize single actin filaments being rapidly polymerized by formins at their barbed ends while simultanteously being stochastically severed and capped along their lengths, and disassembled from their pointed ends.
Comparison of clinical features in pathologically confirmed PSP and MSA patients followed at a tertiary center
Authors: Xie Tao , Kang Un J , Kuo Sheng-Han , Poulopoulos Markos , Greene Paul , Fahn Stanley
Published: May 2015

Background/Objectives:

The clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) remains challenging due to heterogeneity of the diseases.

AIMS:

Here we compared the clinical features of PSP and MSA to gain insight into their diagnosis and prognosis, particularly the prognostic value of down-gaze palsy latency in PSP progression.

Methods:

We reviewed clinical features of pathologically confirmed 10 PSP and 13 MSA patients, incidentally matched in age-at-onset, gender, and disease duration, followed at Columbia University Medical Center during 1994–2009.

Results:

The final antemortem diagnosis was incorrect in 30% of PSP (all lacking down-gaze palsy) and 23% of MSA patients. Falls in the first year of the disease, pyramidal involvement and freezing of gait during the course were similar between PSP and MSA. Ataxia and apraxia were in 50% of the PSP patients. Parkinsonism responsive to levodopa treatment was in 30% of the PSP (all with resting tremor) and 50% of the MSA patients. Dysautonomia in MSA could occur as early as 3 years preceding the motor symptoms, with 46% within the first year of the motor onset, but 15% did not have dysautonomia in life. The latency of down-gaze palsy and urogenital dysfunction and MMSE scores at first visit in PSP, and the latency of falls and wheelchair confinement in MSA were all associated with the disease progression.

Conclusions:

We confirmed most of the previously published characterizations, and identified for the first time the prognostic value of down-gaze palsy latency in PSP progression.
Sandwiched confinement of quantum dots in graphene matrix for efficient electron transfer and photocurrent production
Authors: Zhu Nan , Zheng Kaibo , Karki Khadga J. , Abdellah Mohamed , Zhu Qiushi , Carlson Stefan , Haase Dörthe , Žídek Karel , Ulstrup Jens , Canton Sophie E. , Pullerits Tõnu , Chi Qijin
Published: May 2015

Quantum dots (QDs) and graphene are both promising materials for the development of new-generation optoelectronic devices. Towards this end, synergic assembly of these two building blocks is a key step but remains a challenge. Here, we show a one-step strategy for organizing QDs in a graphene matrix via interfacial self-assembly, leading to the formation of sandwiched hybrid QD-graphene nanofilms. We have explored structural features, electron transfer kinetics and photocurrent generation capacity of such hybrid nanofilms using a wide variety of advanced techniques. Graphene nanosheets interlink QDs and significantly improve electronic coupling, resulting in fast electron transfer from photoexcited QDs to graphene with a rate constant of 1.3 × 109 s−1. Efficient electron transfer dramatically enhances photocurrent generation in a liquid-junction QD-sensitized solar cell where the hybrid nanofilm acts as a photoanode. We thereby demonstrate a cost-effective method to construct large-area QD-graphene hybrid nanofilms with straightforward scale-up potential for optoelectronic applications.
New High Affinity Monoclonal Antibodies Recognize Non-Overlapping Epitopes On Mesothelin For Monitoring And Treating Mesothelioma
Authors: Zhang Yi-Fan , Phung Yen , Gao Wei , Kawa Seiji , Hassan Raffit , Pastan Ira , Ho Mitchell
Published: May 2015

Mesothelin is an emerging cell surface target in mesothelioma and other solid tumors. Most antibody drug candidates recognize highly immunogenic Region I (296–390) on mesothelin. Here, we report a group of high-affinity non-Region I rabbit monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies do not compete for mesothelin binding with the immunotoxin SS1P that binds Region I of mesothelin. One pair of antibodies (YP218 and YP223) is suitable to detect soluble mesothelin in a sandwich ELISA with high sensitivity. The new assay can also be used to measure serum mesothelin concentration in mesothelioma patients, indicating its potential use for monitoring patients treated with current antibody therapies targeting Region I. The antibodies are highly specific and sensitive in immunostaining of mesothelioma. To explore their use in tumor therapy, we have generated the immunotoxins based on the Fv of these antibodies. One immunotoxin (YP218 Fv-PE38) exhibits potent anti-tumor cytotoxicity towards primary mesothelioma cell lines in vitro and an NCI-H226 xenograft tumor in mice. Furthermore, we have engineered a humanized YP218 Fv that retains full binding affinity for mesothelin-expressing cancer cells. In conclusion, with their unique binding properties, these antibodies may be promising candidates for monitoring and treating mesothelioma and other mesothelin-expressing cancers.
Shifting material source of Chinese loess since ~2.7 Ma reflected by Sr isotopic composition
Authors: Zhang Wenfang , Chen Jun , Li Gaojun
Published: May 2015

Deciphering the sources of eolian dust on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) is fundamental to reconstruct paleo-wind patterns and paleo-environmental changes. Existing datasets show contradictory source evolutions of eolian dust on the CLP, both on orbital and tectonic timescales. Here, the silicate Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of a restricted grain size fraction (28–45 μm) were measured to trace the source evolution of the CLP since ~2.7 Ma. Our results revealed an unchanged source on orbital timescales but a gradual source shift from the Qilian Mountains to the Gobi Altay Mountains during the past 2.7 Ma. Both tectonic uplift and climate change may have played important roles for this shift. The later uplift of the Gobi Altay Mountains relative to the Qilian Mountains since 5 ± 3 Ma might be responsible for the increasing contribution of Gobi materials to the source deserts in Alxa arid lands. Enhanced winter monsoon may also facilitate transportation of Gobi materials from the Alxa arid lands to the CLP. The shifting source of Asian dust was also reflected in north Pacific sediments. The finding of this shifting source calls for caution when interpreting the long-term climate changes based on the source-sensitive proxies of the eolian deposits.
High-speed roll-to-roll manufacturing of graphene using a concentric tube CVD reactor
Authors: Polsen Erik S. , McNerny Daniel Q. , Viswanath B. , Pattinson Sebastian W. , John Hart A.
Published: May 2015

We present the design of a concentric tube (CT) reactor for roll-to-roll chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on flexible substrates and its application to continuous production of graphene on copper foil. In the CTCVD reactor, the thin foil substrate is helically wrapped around the inner tube and translates through the gap between the concentric tubes. We use a bench-scale prototype machine to synthesize graphene on copper substrates at translation speeds varying from 25 mm/min to 500 mm/min and investigate the influence of process parameters on the uniformity and coverage of graphene on a continuously moving foil. At lower speeds, high-quality monolayer graphene is formed; at higher speeds, rapid nucleation of small graphene domains is observed, yet coalescence is prevented by the limited residence time in the CTCVD system. We show that a smooth isothermal transition between the reducing and carbon-containing atmospheres, enabled by injection of the carbon feedstock via radial holes in the inner tube, is essential to high-quality roll-to-roll graphene CVD. We discuss how the foil quality and microstructure limit the uniformity of graphene over macroscopic dimensions. We conclude by discussing means of scaling and reconfiguring the CTCVD design based on general requirements for 2-D materials manufacturing.
On-chip optical mode conversion based on dynamic grating in photonic-phononic hybrid waveguide
Authors: Chen Guodong , Zhang Ruiwen , Sun Junqiang
Published: May 2015

We present a scheme for reversible and tunable on-chip optical mode conversion based on dynamic grating in a hybrid photonic-phononic waveguide. The dynamic grating is built up through the acousto-optic effect and the theoretical model of the optical mode conversion is developed by considering the geometrical deformation and refractive index change. Three kinds of mode conversions are able to be realized using the same hybrid waveguide structure in a large bandwidth by only changing the launched acoustic frequency. The complete mode conversion can be achieved by choosing a proper acoustic power under a given waveguide length.
Bridge- and Solvent-Mediated Intramolecular Electronic Communications in Ubiquinone-Based Biomolecular Wires
Authors: Liu Xiao-Yuan , Ma Wei , Zhou Hao , Cao Xiao-Ming , Long Yi-Tao
Published: May 2015

Intramolecular electronic communications of molecular wires play a crucial role for developing molecular devices. In the present work, we describe different degrees of intramolecular electronic communications in the redox processes of three ubiquinone-based biomolecular wires (Bis-CoQ0s) evaluated by electrochemistry and Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods in different solvents. We found that the bridges linkers have a significant effect on the electronic communications between the two peripheral ubiquinone moieties and solvents effects are limited and mostly depend on the nature of solvents. The DFT calculations for the first time indicate the intensity of the electronic communications during the redox processes rely on the molecular orbital elements VL for electron transfer (half of the energy splitting of the LUMO and LUMO+1), which is could be affected by the bridges linkers. The DFT calculations also demonstrates the effect of solvents on the latter two-electron transfer of Bis-CoQ0s is more significant than the former two electrons transfer as the observed electrochemical behaviors of three Bis-CoQ0s. In addition, the electrochemistry and theoretical calculations reveal the intramolecular electronic communications vary in the four-electron redox processes of three Bis-CoQ0s.
MoS2 Surface Structure Tailoring via Carbonaceous Promoter
Authors: Shi Yumeng , Li Henan , Wong Jen It , Zhang Xiaoting , Wang Ye , Song Huaihe , Yang Hui Ying
Published: May 2015

Atomically thin semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides have been attracting lots of attentions, particularly, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers show promising applications in field effect transistors, optoelectronics and valleytronics. However, the controlled synthesis of highly crystalline MoS2 remain a challenge especially the systematic approach to manipulate its structure and morphology. Herein, we report a method for controlled synthesis of highly crystalline MoS2 by using chemical vapor deposition method with carbonaceous materials as growth promoter. A uniform and highly crystalline MoS2 monolayer with the grain size close to 40 μm was achieved. Furthermore, we extend the method to the manipulation of MoS2 morphology, flower-shape vertical grown MoS2 layers were obtained on growth promoting substrates. This simple approach allows an easy access of highly crystalline MoS2 layers with morphology tuned in a controllable manner. Moreover, the flower-shape MoS2 grown on graphene oxide film used as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries showed excellent electrochemical performance.
Tracing the dynamic life story of a Bronze Age Female
Authors: Frei Karin Margarita , Mannering Ulla , Kristiansen Kristian , Allentoft Morten E. , Wilson Andrew S. , Skals Irene , Tridico Silvana , Louise Nosch Marie , Willerslev Eske , Clarke Leon , Frei Robert
Published: May 2015

Ancient human mobility at the individual level is conventionally studied by the diverse application of suitable techniques (e.g. aDNA, radiogenic strontium isotopes, as well as oxygen and lead isotopes) to either hard and/or soft tissues. However, the limited preservation of coexisting hard and soft human tissues hampers the possibilities of investigating high-resolution diachronic mobility periods in the life of a single individual. Here, we present the results of a multidisciplinary study of an exceptionally well preserved circa 3.400-year old Danish Bronze Age female find, known as the Egtved Girl. We applied biomolecular, biochemical and geochemical analyses to reconstruct her mobility and diet. We demonstrate that she originated from a place outside present day Denmark (the island of Bornholm excluded) and that she travelled back and forth over large distances during the final months of her life, while consuming a terrestrial diet with intervals of reduced protein intake. We also provide evidence that all her garments were made of non-locally produced wool. Our study advocates the huge potential of combining biomolecular and biogeochemical provenance tracer analyses to hard and soft tissues of a single ancient individual for the reconstruction of high-resolution human mobility.
Complex network models reveal correlations among network metrics, exercise intensity and role of body changes in the fatigue process
Authors: Pereira Vanessa Helena , Gama Maria Carolina Traina , Sousa Filipe Antônio Barros , Lewis Theodore Gyle , Gobatto Claudio Alexandre , Manchado - Gobatto Fúlvia Barros
Published: May 2015

The aims of the present study were analyze the fatigue process at distinct intensity efforts and to investigate its occurrence as interactions at distinct body changes during exercise, using complex network models. For this, participants were submitted to four different running intensities until exhaustion, accomplished in a non-motorized treadmill using a tethered system. The intensities were selected according to critical power model. Mechanical (force, peak power, mean power, velocity and work) and physiological related parameters (heart rate, blood lactate, time until peak blood lactate concentration (lactate time), lean mass, anaerobic and aerobic capacities) and IPAQ score were obtained during exercises and it was used to construction of four complex network models. Such models have both, theoretical and mathematical value and enables us to perceive new insights that go beyond conventional analysis. From these, we ranked the influences of each node at the fatigue process. Our results shows that nodes, links and network metrics are sensibility according to increase of efforts intensities, been the velocity a key factor to exercise maintenance at models/intensities 1 and 2 (higher time efforts) and force and power at models 3 and 4, highlighting mechanical variables in the exhaustion occurrence and even training prescription applications.
A new look at the essence of the imaging photoplethysmography
Authors: Kamshilin Alexei A. , Nippolainen Ervin , Sidorov Igor S. , Vasilev Petr V. , Erofeev Nikolai P. , Podolian Natalia P. , Romashko Roman V.
Published: May 2015

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a noninvasive optical method accepted in the clinical use for measurements of arterial oxygen saturation. It is widely believed that the light intensity after interaction with the biological tissue in vivo is modulated at the heartbeat frequency mainly due to pulsatile variations of the light absorption caused by arterial blood-volume pulsations. Here we report experimental observations, which are not consistent with this model and demonstrate the importance of elastic deformations of the capillary bed in the formation of the PPG waveform. These results provide new insight on light interaction with live tissue. To explain the observations we propose a new model of PPG in which pulse oscillations of the arterial transmural pressure deform the connective-tissue components of the dermis resulting in periodical changes of both the light scattering and absorption. These local changes of the light-interaction parameters are detected as variations of the light intensity returned to a photosensitive camera. Therefore, arterial pulsations can be indirectly monitored even by using the light, which slightly penetrates into the biological tissue.
fMRI measurements of amygdala activation are confounded by stimulus correlated signal fluctuation in nearby veins draining distant brain regions
Authors: Boubela Roland N. , Kalcher Klaudius , Huf Wolfgang , Seidel Eva-Maria , Derntl Birgit , Pezawas Lukas , Našel Christian , Moser Ewald
Published: May 2015

Imaging the amygdala with functional MRI is confounded by multiple averse factors, notably signal dropouts due to magnetic inhomogeneity and low signal-to-noise ratio, making it difficult to obtain consistent activation patterns in this region. However, even when consistent signal changes are identified, they are likely to be due to nearby vessels, most notably the basal vein of rosenthal (BVR). Using an accelerated fMRI sequence with a high temporal resolution (TR = 333 ms) combined with susceptibility-weighted imaging, we show how signal changes in the amygdala region can be related to a venous origin. This finding is confirmed here in both a conventional fMRI dataset (TR = 2000 ms) as well as in information of meta-analyses, implying that “amygdala activations” reported in typical fMRI studies are likely confounded by signals originating in the BVR rather than in the amygdala itself, thus raising concerns about many conclusions on the functioning of the amygdala that rely on fMRI evidence alone.
TLR ligand induced IL-6 counter-regulates the anti-viral CD8+ T cell response during an acute retrovirus infection
Authors: Wu Weimin , Dietze Kirsten K. , Gibbert Kathrin , Lang Karl S. , Trilling Mirko , Yan Huimin , Wu Jun , Yang Dongliang , Lu Mengji , Roggendorf Michael , Dittmer Ulf , Liu Jia
Published: May 2015

We have previously shown that Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists contribute to the control of viral infection by augmenting virus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. It is also well established that signaling by TLRs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6). However, how these pro-inflammatory cytokines influence the virus-specific CD8+ T-cell response during the TLR agonist stimulation remained largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of TLR-induced IL-6 in shaping virus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in the Friend retrovirus (FV) mouse model. We show that the TLR agonist induced IL-6 counter-regulates effector CD8+ T-cell responses. IL-6 potently inhibited activation and cytokine production of CD8+ T cells in vitro. This effect was mediated by a direct stimulation of CD8+ T cells by IL-6, which induced upregulation of STAT3 phosphorylation and SOCS3 and downregulated STAT4 phosphorylation and T-bet. Moreover, combining TLR stimulation and IL-6 blockade during an acute FV infection resulted in enhanced virus-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity and better control of viral replication. These results have implications for our understanding of the role of TLR induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in regulating effector T cell responses and for the development of therapeutic strategies to overcome T cell dysfunction in chronic viral infections.
Apterous A modulates wing size, bristle formation and patterning in Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Liu Fangzhou , Li Kaiyin , Li Jie , Hu Dingbang , Zhao Jing , He Yueping , Zou Yulan , Feng Yanni , Hua Hongxia
Published: May 2015

Apterous A (apA), a member of the LIM-homeobox gene family, plays a critical role in the development of wing. The achaete-scute Complex (AS-C) encodes basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors and functions in bristle development. In the present study, we cloned apA (NlapA) and an achaete-scute homologue (NlASH) from N. lugens. Levels of NlapA and NlASH were higher in nymphs than adults, with particularly high expression in the thorax of nymphs. NlapA expressed more highly in nymphs of the macropterous strain (MS) than those of the brachypterous strain (BS) at 2nd and 4th instar. Knockdown of NlapA and NlASH in vivo generated similar phenotypic defects in the wing (loss-of-bristles, twisted or erect wing). Silencing of NlapA in nymphs of MS led to decreased wing size in adults. Moreover, depletion of NlapA suppressed expression of NlDl, Nlsal, Nlser, Nlvg and Nlwg, both in MS and BS, but induced differential responses of Nlubx and Nlnotch expression between MS and BS. Notably, expression of NlASH was regulated by NlapA. These results collectively indicate that NlapA is an upstream modulator of wing size, bristle formation and patterning. Further studies on DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions are required to elucidate NlapA-mediated regulation of wing development.
Mode-matching metasurfaces: coherent reconstruction and multiplexing of surface waves
Authors: Lin Jiao , Wang Qian , Yuan Guanghui , Du Luping , Kou Shan Shan , Yuan Xiao-Cong
Published: May 2015

Metasurfaces are promising two-dimensional metamaterials that are engineered to provide unique properties or functionalities absent in naturally occurring homogeneous surfaces. Here, we report a type of metasurface for tailored reconstruction of surface plasmon waves from light. The design is based on an array of slit antennas arranged in a way that it matches the complex field distribution of the desired surface plasmon wave. The approach is generic so that one can readily create more intricate designs that selectively generate different surface plasmon waves through simple variation of the wavelength or the polarization state of incident light. The ultra-thin metasurface demonstrated in this paper provides a versatile interface between the conventional free-space optics and a two-dimensional platform such as surface plasmonics.
Chronic kidney disease is associated with a higher 90-day mortality than other chronic medical conditions in patients with sepsis
Authors: Mansur Ashham , Mulwande Evelyn , Steinau Maximilian , Bergmann Ingo , Frederik Popov Aron , Ghadimi Michael , Beissbarth Tim , Bauer Martin , Hinz José
Published: May 2015

According to previous studies, the clinical course of sepsis could be affected by preexisting medical conditions, which are very common among patients with sepsis. This observational study aimed at investigating whether common chronic medical conditions affect the 90-day mortality risk in adult Caucasian patients with sepsis. A total of 482 patients with sepsis were enrolled in this study. The ninety-day mortality was the primary outcome; organ failure was the secondary outcome. Sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and the requirements for organ support were evaluated to assess organ failure. A multivariate Cox regression model for the association between the 90-day mortality risk and chronic preexisting medical conditions adjusted for all relevant confounders and mortality predictors revealed the highest hazard ratio for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (hazard ratio, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.46-3.46; p = 0.0002). Patients with CKD had higher SOFA scores than patients without CKD (8.9 ± 4.0 and 6.5 ± 3.4, respectively; p < 0.0001). Additionally, an analysis of organ-specific SOFA scores revealed higher scores in three organ systems (kidney, cardiovascular and coagulation). Patients with CKD have the highest 90-day mortality risk compared with patients without CKD or with other chronic medical conditions.
Effect of Au nano-particle aggregation on the deactivation of the AuCl3/AC catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Dai Bin , Wang Qinqin , Yu Feng , Zhu Mingyuan
Published: May 2015

A detailed study of the valence state and distribution of the AuCl3/AC catalyst during the acetylene hydrochlorination deactivation process is described and discussed. Temperature-programmed reduction and X-ray photoelectron spectral analysis indicate that the active Au3+ reduction to metallic Au0 is one reason for the deactivation of AuCl3/AC catalyst. Transmission electron microscopy characterization demonstrated that the particle size of Au nano-particles increases with increasing reaction time. The results indicated that metallic Au0 exhibits considerable catalytic activity and that Au nano-particle aggregation may be another reason for the AuCl3/AC catalytic activity in acetylene hydrochlorination.
Anti-bacterial surfaces: natural agents, mechanisms of action, and plasma surface modification
Authors: Bazaka K. , Jacob M. V. , Chrzanowski W. , Ostrikov K.
Published: May 2015

This article reviews antibacterial surface strategies based on reactive plasma chemistry, focusing on how plasma-assisted processing of natural antimicrobial agents can produce antifouling and antibacterial materials for biomedical devices.
Electrochemical imaging of hydrogen peroxide generation at individual gold nanoparticles
Authors: O'Connell Michael A. , Lewis Joshua R. , Wain Andrew J.
Published: May 2015

Hydrogen peroxide generation at individual gold nanoparticles is mapped using scanning electrochemical–scanning ion conductance microscopy.
Probing CuI in homogeneous catalysis using high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Walroth Richard C. , Uebler Jacob W. H. , Lancaster Kyle M.
Published: May 2015

CuI X-ray absorption features are assigned as metal-to-ligand charge transfer bands. These features facilitate species identification in catalytic reaction mixtures.
Exact helical polymer synthesis by a two-point-covalent-linking protocol between C2-chiral spirobifluorene and C2- or Cs-symmetric anthraquinone monomers
Authors: Yi Zhaozhong , Okuda Hitoshi , Koyama Yasuhito , Seto Ryota , Uchida Satoshi , Sogawa Hiromitsu , Kuwata Shigeki , Takata Toshikazu
Published: May 2015

Two types of one-handed exact helical polymers, coil- and screw-shaped polymers, were selectively synthesized by a two-point-covalent-linking protocol.
Structure-based discovery of an immunomodulatory inhibitor of TLR1–TLR2 heterodimerization from a natural product-like database
Authors: Zhong Zhangfeng , Liu Li-Juan , Dong Zhi-Qiang , Lu Lihua , Wang Modi , Leung Chung-Hang , Ma Dik-Lung , Wang Yitao
Published: May 2015

We report herein the identification of an immunomodulatory natural product-like compound 1 as a direct inhibitor of TLR1–TLR2 heterodimerization.
Ruthenium-catalyzed ortho alkenylation of aromatic nitriles with activated alkenes via C–H bond activation
Authors: Reddy Mallu Chenna , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: May 2015

The ruthenium-catalyzed ortho alkenylation of substituted aromatic and heteroaromatic nitriles with activated alkenes via C–H bond activation is described.
High performance full color OLEDs based on a class of molecules with dual carrier transport channels and small singlet–triplet splitting
Authors: Li Chenglong , Wang Shipan , Chen Weiping , Wei Jinbei , Yang Guochun , Ye Kaiqi , Liu Yu , Wang Yue
Published: May 2015

The strong deep blue emission, good ambipolar carrier transport and small singlet–triplet splitting characteristics allow PPI-PPITPA and PPI-PPIPCz as emitting materials and hosts to fabricate high performance full color OLEDs.
Elucidating the mechanism of interaction between peptides and inorganic surfaces
Authors: Maity Sibaprasad , Zanuy David , Razvag Yair , Das Priyadip , Alemán Carlos , Reches Meital
Published: May 2015

The conformational freedom of a peptide controls its binding to an inorganic substrate.
Optical extinction efficiency measurements on fine and accumulation mode aerosol using single particle cavity ring-down spectroscopy
Authors: Cotterell Michael I. , Mason Bernard J. , Preston Thomas C. , Orr-Ewing Andrew J. , Reid Jonathan P.
Published: May 2015

We report a new single aerosol particle approach using cavity ringdown spectroscopy to accurately determine optical extinction cross sections at multiple wavelengths.
Phase diagrams of nanoalloys: influence of size and morphology
Authors: Berthier F. , Maras E. , Legrand B.
Published: May 2015

A non-monotonous variation of the critical temperature as a function of the length of the nanotubes.
The nature of NO-bonding in N-oxide group
Authors: Łukomska Marlena , Rybarczyk-Pirek Agnieszka J. , Jabłoński Mirosław , Palusiak Marcin
Published: May 2015

The nature of the NO-bond in theN-oxide group is investigated by means of combined theoretical calculations (including QTAIM and NBO/NRT approaches) and statistical analysis of the content of crystal structure database. The analysis of hydrogen- and halogen-bonded complexes of theN-oxides reveals strong Lewis basicity of theN-oxide group.
Vibrational spectroscopy of Methyl benzoate
Authors: Maiti Kiran Sankar
Published: May 2015

Methyl benzoate is studied as a model compound for the development of new IR pulse schemes with possible applicability to biomolecules.
Towards a better understanding of honeycomb alternating magnetic networks
Authors: Marino Nadia , Armentano Donatella , De Munno Giovanni , Lloret Francesc , Cano Joan , Julve Miguel
Published: May 2015

The honeycomb mixed-ligand complex {[Co2(bpm)(ox)2]n·5nH2O} was prepared and magneto-structurally characterized. The values of the antiferromagnetic interactions through bpm (Jbpm= −5.0 cm−1) and ox (Jox= −11.1 cm−1) ligands obtained by fit were suported by DFT type calculations.
The effect of gold(i) coordination on the dual fluorescence of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine
Authors: López-de-Luzuriaga José M. , Manso Elena , Monge Miguel , Olmos M. Elena , Rodríguez-Castillo María , Sampedro Diego
Published: May 2015

Coordination of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine to perhalophenyl gold(i) fragments leads to the formation of novel fluorescent complexes, in which the photophysical properties of the ligand are greatly influenced by the polarity induced by the organometallic fragment.
Dual catalysis with magnetic chitosan: direct synthesis of cyclic carbonates from olefins with carbon dioxide using isobutyraldehyde as the sacrificial reductant
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Singhal Nikita , Singh Raj K. , Gupta Piyush , Singh Raghuvir , Jain Suman L.
Published: May 2015

Magnetic chitosan was further functionalized with (ii) acetylacetonate complex [Co(acac)2] and quaternary triphenylphosphonium bromide by targeting the –NH2and –OH moieties located on the surface of chitosan.
Perovskites
Authors: Attfield J. Paul , Lightfoot Philip , Morris Russell E.
Published: May 2015

Welcome to this themed issue of Dalton Transactions focusing on perovskites.
P-type doping of elemental bismuth with indium, gallium and tin: a novel doping mechanism in solids
Authors: Jin Hyungyu , Wiendlocha Bartlomiej , Heremans Joseph P.
Published: May 2015

A new mechanism is identified for doping semiconductors, based on modifications accomplished by impurity atoms deep in the valence band.
The magic of aqueous solutions of ionic liquids: ionic liquids as a powerful class of catanionic hydrotropes
Authors: Cláudio Ana Filipa M. , Neves Márcia C. , Shimizu Karina , Canongia Lopes José N. , Freire Mara G. , Coutinho João A. P.
Published: May 2015

Ionic liquids are powerful catanionic hydrotropes with the cations and anions synergistically contributing to increase the solubility of biomolecules in water.
Switchable solvent-based liquid phase microextraction of copper(ii): optimization and application to environmental samples
Authors: Yilmaz Erkan , Soylak Mustafa
Published: May 2015

A switchable solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (SS-LPME) procedure has been established for the preconcentration of copper prior to its determination by microsampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).
Research highlights: manipulating cells inside and out
Authors: Tay Andy K. , Dhar Manjima , Pushkarsky Ivan , Di Carlo Dino
Published: May 2015

Acoustic separation of circulating tumor cells – BLAST-ing large cargo into cells at high-throughput – Magnetic control of intracellular protein distribution.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity evaluation of C-5 side chain modified analogues of FYL-66, a potential agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Li Zicheng , Wang Zhenling , Sang Zitai , Long Haiyue , Tang Jianying , Yang Tao , Liu Yuanyuan , Luo Youfu
Published: May 2015

Monofluoro- (39), difluoro- (40) and trifluoro- (41) substituted analogues showed different biological activities, and 40 is a potent antibacterial agent in animal models.
Copper catalysed direct amidation of methyl groups with N–H bonds
Authors: Huang Yao , Chen Tieqiao , Li Qiang , Zhou Yongbo , Yin Shuang-Feng
Published: May 2015

An efficient copper catalysed direct aerobic oxidative amidation of methyl groups of azaarylmethanes with N–H bonds producing amides is developed, which can produce primary, secondary and tertiary amides, including those with functional groups. This reaction represents a straightforward method for the preparation of amides from the readily available hydrocarbon starting materials.
Selective photoregulation of the activity of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, two key enzymes in glycogen metabolism
Authors: Díaz-Lobo Mireia , Garcia-Amorós Jaume , Fita Ignacio , Velasco Dolores , Guinovart Joan J. , Ferrer Joan C.
Published: May 2015

An azobenzene glucoside was synthesized and was shown to be an excellent selective inhibitor of Escherichia coli glycogen synthase in its photogenerated (Z)-form, which structurally resembles the three terminal glucoses of a glycogen branch.
Synthesis of tetraarylpyridines by chemo-selective Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of 3,5-dibromo-2,6-dichloropyridine
Authors: Reimann Sebastian , Parpart Silvio , Ehlers Peter , Sharif Muhammad , Spannenberg Anke , Langer Peter
Published: May 2015

Chemoselective Suzuki–Miyaura reactions on 3,5-dibromo-2,6-dichloropyridine were studied.
Copper-catalyzed efficient direct amidation of 2-methylquinolines with amines
Authors: Xie Hao , Liao Yunfeng , Chen Shuqing , Chen Ya , Deng Guo-Jun
Published: May 2015

A copper catalyzed efficient procedure for quinoline-2-carboxamides formation via direct amidation of 2-methylquinolines under oxygen is described.
Borinic acid block copolymers: new building blocks for supramolecular assembly and sensory applications
Authors: Cheng Fei , Wan Wen-Ming , Zhou Yan , Sun Xiao-Li , Bonder Edward M. , Jäkle Frieder
Published: May 2015

Borinic acid functional groups were incorporated into block copolymers via RAFT polymerization and their supramolecular assembly and sensor applications were investigated.
ZnO nanoparticle-functionalized WO3 plates with enhanced photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Liu Yang , He Haizhou , Li Jie , Li Wenzhang , Yang Yahui , Li Yaomin , Chen Qiyuan
Published: May 2015

ZnO nanoparticle-functionalized WO3 plates were prepared via an electrodeposition and an electrochromism reaction of WO3, and the composites improve the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes.
A 2D metal–organic framework composed of a bi-functional ligand with ultra-micropores for post-combustion CO2 capture
Authors: Xu Guodong , Peng Yongwu , Hu Zhigang , Yuan Daqiang , Donnadieu Bruno , Zhao Dan , Cheng Hansong
Published: May 2015

A 2D MOF named NUS-5 with a unique topological structure was synthesized, demonstrating remarkable thermal stability and ultra-micropores resulting in high CO2 storage capacity and excellent sorption selectivity of CO2 over N2.
Methylation of a HTR3A promoter variant alters the binding of transcription factor CTCF
Authors: Jajodia Ajay , Singh Kh. Dhanachandra , Singhal Anshika , Vig Saurabh , Datta Malabika , Singh Yogendra , Karthikeyan Muthusamy , Kukreti Ritushree
Published: May 2015

Genetic studies pertaining to effector molecules have been pivotal in schizophrenia research.
Hydrogel-coated enzyme electrodes formed by GOx-mediated polymerization for glucose detecting
Authors: Zhang Ziyang , Tang Zhou , Su Teng , Li Wenjun , Wang Qigang
Published: May 2015

This communication reports the mild fabrication of a hydrogel-coated enzyme electrode for glucose detecting with high sensitivity (35.19 μA mM−1 cm−2) and robust stability.
A review on the medicinal potential of Panax ginseng saponins in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Ke-Ke , Gong Xiao-Jie
Published: May 2015

This review article summarizes the anti-diabetic effects and mechanisms ofPanax ginsengsaponins and its active specific ginsenosides.
A water-soluble cationic porphyrin showing pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity and DNA photocleavage activity
Authors: Zhao Ting , Wang Ya-Ling , Zhu Li-Na , Huo Yan-Fang , Wang Yong-Jian , Kong De-Ming
Published: May 2015

A new water-soluble cationic porphyrin was synthesized. It shows pH-dependent G-quadruplex recognition specificity against duplex DNA, pH-dependent photocleavage activity towards duplex DNA and pH-dependent phototoxicity to cells.
Modelling the effects of surfactant loading level on the sorption of organic contaminants on organoclays
Authors: Zhou Qing , Zhu Runliang , Parker Stephen C. , Zhu Jianxi , He Hongping , Molinari Marco
Published: May 2015

Organoclays can effectively uptake organic contaminants (OCs) from water media, but the sorption mechanisms are not fully established yet, because of the lack of recognition of interlayer structure of organoclays.
Yb(OTf)3 catalyzed [3 + 2] annulations of D–A cyclopropanes with β-oxodithioesters: a regioselective synthesis of tetrahydrothiophenes
Authors: Wang Shu-Wen , Guo Wei-Si , Wen Li-Rong , Li Ming
Published: May 2015

An efficient approach to synthesis tetrahydrothiophenes was developed through the reaction of β-oxodithioesters and D–A cyclopropanes catalyzed by Yb(OTf)3. This methodology was highly regioselective.
Bimetallic titanium complex catalyzed enantioselective oxidation of thioethers using aqueous H2O2as a terminal oxidant
Authors: Bera Prasanta Kumar , Gupta Naveen , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Khan Noor-ul H. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Bajaj Hari C.
Published: May 2015

This study represents a highly efficient sulfide oxidation catalytic system using a non-toxic Ti-catalyst and environmentally benign aqueous hydrogen peroxide.
Turn-on luminescence based discrimination of protic acids using a flexible layered metal–organic coordination polymer
Authors: Sharma Nayuesh , Singha Debal Kanti , Mahata Partha
Published: May 2015

A flexible layered metal–organic coordination polymer used as probe for turn-on luminescence based discrimination of protic acids and amino acids.
Toughening of amorphous poly(propylene carbonate) by rubbery CO2-based polyurethane: transition from brittle to ductile
Authors: Ren Guanjie , Miao Yuyang , Qiao Lijun , Qin Yusheng , Wang Xianhong , Wang Fosong
Published: May 2015

CO2-based polyurethane was synthesized to toughen poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), leading to a transition in the fracture behavior of PPC from brittle to ductile.
Control of carrier mobilities for performance enhancement of anthracene-based polymer solar cells
Authors: Usluer Özlem , Boudiba Sameh , Egbe Daniel A. M. , Hirsch Lionel , Abbas Mamatimin
Published: May 2015

Charge carrier mobilities in anthracene-based polymer solar cells were controlled using organic field-effect transistors. The best solar cell device performance was achieved using classical PCBM.
Arene platform based hexa-amide receptors for anion recognition: single crystal X-ray structural and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Chakraborty Sourav , Arunachalam M. , Dutta Ranjan , Ghosh Pradyut
Published: May 2015

Compartmental recognition of [Cl2(inf>O/inf>O)2]2−in the cavity ofp-fluoro-phenyl substituted hexa-amide receptor.
A facile and low cost strategy to synthesize Cd1−xZnxSe thin films for photoelectrochemical performance: effect of zinc content
Authors: Bagade Chaitali S. , Mali Sawanta S. , Ghanwat Vishvanath B. , Khot Kishorkumar V. , Patil Pallavi B. , Kharade Suvarta D. , Mane Rahul M. , Desai Neha D. , Hong Chang K. , Patil Pramod S. , Bhosale Popatrao N.
Published: May 2015

In the present work, we report a facile chemical route for the deposition of Cd1−xZnxSe thin films using a simple, self-organized arrested precipitation technique (APT).
Co-sensitization of 3D bulky phenothiazine-cored photosensitizers with planar squaraine dyes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Hua Yong , Lin Lee Lawrence Tien , Zhang Caishun , Zhao Jianzhang , Chen Tao , Wong Wai-Yeung , Wong Wai-Kwok , Zhu Xunjin
Published: May 2015

A series of new phenothiazine-cored 3D bulky organic sensitizers TP1–TP4 have been prepared and employed in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
Anti-corrosive hierarchical structured copper mesh film with superhydrophilicity and underwater low adhesive superoleophobicity for highly efficient oil–water separation
Authors: Zhang Enshuang , Cheng Zhongjun , Lv Tong , Qian Yihao , Liu Yuyan
Published: May 2015

A novel oil–water separation copper mesh film with special anti-corrosive ability was prepared by a simple electrodeposition process.
Polymer nanocomposites for energy storage, energy saving, and anticorrosion
Authors: Yang Chongling , Wei Huige , Guan Litao , Guo Jiang , Wang Yiran , Yan Xingru , Zhang Xi , Wei Suying , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2015

Polymer nanocomposites used for energy storage, energy saving, and anticorrosive coating applications were reviewed.
MnOxdecorated CeO2nanorods as cathode catalyst for rechargeable lithium–air batteries
Authors: Zhu Yongqiang , Liu Shanhu , Jin Chao , Bie Shiyu , Yang Ruizhi , Wu Jiao
Published: May 2015

MnOxdecorated CeO2nanorods as cathode catalyst for rechargeable lithium–air batteries have been fabricatedviaanin-situredox reaction.