bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Bloodstream Infection with Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Gram-Negative Sepsis in a Child with Burns
Authors: Jamir Imola , Ketan Priyadarshi , Anguraj Symphonia , Jahan Lulu , Parameswaran Narayanan , Divakarjose Rajeswari Rethinaswamy , Sastry Apurba Sankar
Published: August 2022

Corynebacterium (C.) diphtheriae is the agent for a contagious infection, diphtheria. It may manifest as pharyngitis with pseudomembrane formation and cervical lymphadenopathy, cutaneous infection, or as an asymptomatic carrier. Corynebacterium (C.) diphtheriae is not an invasive organism and it remains in the superficial layers of skin lesions and respiratory mucosa. Systemic complications, such as bacteremia, are rare. We report a case of toxigenic C. diphtheriae detected from blood culture of a 1-year-old male patient with burns, who succumbed to the infection after 8 days of stay in the hospital. Patient did not have specific clinical features suggestive of diphtheria. Initial identification of C. diphtheriae was done based on culture, Albert stain findings, biochemical tests and subsequently toxigenicity testing was done by polymerase chain reaction. Although diphtheria vaccination in infancy is universally recommended since the creation of the Expanded Program on Immunization in the 1970s, there have been reports of toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae in a considerable number of cases. Rapid and accurate identification of C. diphtheriae infection is crucial to prevent mortality. Continued surveillance for diphtheria is needed to reduce transmission and mortality rates.
School-Based Educational Interventions on Prevention and Control of Malaria—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chokkara Roja , Avudaiappan Seethalakshmi , Anitharani M , Eapen Alex
Published: August 2022

Student messengers act as change agents for health and modify the behavior of their families as well as the community. Integration of the school health programs with malaria education enhances the participation of school teachers, parents, as well as the local community in malaria elimination. The objective of this review is to strengthen the evidence for school-based health educational interventions for malaria control and prevention activities. We searched six databases namely PubMed Central, Science Direct, CINAHL with full text, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Pro-Quest to find relevant studies between January 2001 and March 2022 based on PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trial, before–after intervention, and quasi-experimental study designs were included and a meta-analysis was carried out using the random-effect model to pool out the results by using Rev-man 5.4 software. In this review, 13 studies were included. The pooled outcome of school-based educational interventions on malaria was moderate (Standardized Mean Difference—2.59) and a significant difference was observed in intervention and control schools (Z = 7.33, P < 0.00001). In conclusion, this review identified the facts for the prevention and control of malaria through school-based educational interventions. Our findings strengthen the concept of malaria elimination through student messengers to mobilize the local community.
Prevalence and risk factors for visual impairment among elderly patients attending the eye clinic at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mulinde Ben , Atukunda Immaculate , Kawooya Ismael , O Sebabi Francis , Mukunya David , Batte Charles , Nakanjako Damalie , Nakiyingi Lydia , Nalukenge Caroline , Nakubulwa Faith , A Musiika Anne , Otiti-Sengeri Juliet
Published: August 2022

Background: The elderly have an increased risk of developing visual impairment (VI). Due to the increase in life expectancy of individuals in Sub-Saharan Africa, the population of the elderly is projected to increase. It is thus postulated that the prevalence of VI will increase which is currently unknown in Uganda.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for VI among the elderly at Mulago National Referral Hospital eye clinic in Uganda.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in 2020 with consecutive enrolment of patients aged 60 years and above. Obtaining history was followed by systemic and ocular examination. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with VI.Results: Of 346 elderly participants examined, 174 (50.3%) were males and median age was 67 (IQR 63-74). Prevalence of VI was 32.1%. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness 54.1%, followed by refractive error (21.6%), glaucoma (11.7%), and corneal opacities (5.4%). Age (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR): 1.05, 95% CI (1.02, 1.06)), history of diabetes mellitus (aPR: 1.46, 95%CI (1.04, 2.05)), history of hypertension (aPR: 1.46, 95%CI (1.10, 1.93)), having completed primary level of education (aPR: 0.74, 95%CI (0.55, 0.98)) and secondary level of education (aPR: 0.47, 95%CI (0.30,0.73)), presence of a cataract at examination (aPR: 2.28, 95%CI (1.66, 3.13)) were statistically significantly associated with VI.

Conclusion: In Mulago hospital, the prevalence of VI among the elderly is high with majority of the causes being correctable. We recommend that efforts towards early case identification of causes of VI among the elderly should be a priority.

Keywords: Visual impairment; elderly patients; eye clinic; Mulago National Referral Hospital; Uganda.
Makerere’s contribution to the development of a high impact HIV research population-based cohort in the Rakai Region, Uganda
Authors: Nelson Kankaka Edward , Nalugoda Fred , Serwadda David , Makumbi Fredrick , J Wawer Maria , H Gray Ronald , C Quinn Thomas , J Reynolds Steven , Nakigozi Gertrude , Lutalo Tom , Kigozi Godfrey , K Sewankambo Nelson , Kagaayi Joseph
Published: August 2022

Longitudinal population-based cohort studies can provide critical insights on temporal, spatial and sociodemographic changes in health status and health determinants that are not obtained by other study designs. However, establishing and maintaining such a cohort study can be challenging and expensive. Here, we describe the role of Makerere University in the development and conduct of such a cohort. We chronicle the first academia-led reports of HIV in East Africa; how this led to initiation of the Rakai Community Cohort Study in 1988, the first and oldest HIV cohort in sub-Saharan Africa; its impact on HIV prevention, care and treatment; how the cohort has been maintained; and opportunities, challenges, and future directions including non-communicable diseases.

Keywords: Makerere; high impact HIV research; Rakai Region; Uganda.
Nigella sativa oil ingestion mitigates aluminum chloride induced cerebella oxidative, neurogenic damages and impaired motor functions in rats
Authors: Imam Aminu , Sulaimon Fatimo Ajoke , Sheu Monsur , Busari Maryam , Oyegbola Christianah , Okesina Akeem Ayodeji , Afodun Adam Moyosore , Adana Misturat Yetunde , Ajao Moyosore Salihu
Published: August 2022

Varying neurological effects, and impairments to motor functions, neurochemistry and neuromorphology have been associated with Aluminium  chloride (AlCl3) induced neurotoxicity. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in AlCl3 induced cerebellar toxicity in rats.  Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and received: normal saline; 100 mg/kg.bw of AlCl3; 100 mg/kg.bw AlCl3 and 1  ml/kg.bw of NSO; and 1 ml/kg.bw, orally and daily for fourteen days. On the 13th day of the experiment, the rats were each exposed to a single trial  of the Open Field Test (OFT), of which line crossing frequency, rearing frequency, and freezing period were recorded as measures of exploratory and  locomotive behaviours of the animals. By day 15, the rats were euthanized, their brains were excised, the cerebellum dissected from five brains of  each group, and homogenized for iochemical evaluations of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The  remaining three brains in each group were processed for histology and Ki67 immunohistochemistry investigations. The results of this study shows  that AlCl3 impaired motor related behaviours in the AlCl3 exposed animals, by significantly reducing the line crossing and rearing frequencies, and  increasing the freezing period. This effect was observed to be  mitigated in the animal group that received NSO following AlCl3 administration, as the animals showed improved motor behaviours. AlCl3 also caused an increase in the cerebellar activities of NO and ROS, while it depleted Ki67  expressions and caused neurodegenerative-like effects in the cerebellar histoarchitecture of the exposed animals. Intervention with NSO depleted ROS/NO levels and protected the cerebellum from the nitrosative and oxidative stress induced by AlCl3. NSO was also observed to preserve the  cerebellar cortex histoarchitecture and neurogenic morphology against the neurodegenerative effect of AlCl3. It can be concluded that NSO, with its  high efficacy against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, is a potent natural therapeutic agent in aluminum and heavy metal neurotoxicity.
Separate and combined sub-acute effects of artesunate, amodiaquine on spatial memory and hippocampal morphology of adult Wistar rats
Authors: Popoola AbdulGafar Niyi , Imosemi Innocent Ohiorenuan
Published: August 2022

We evaluated the sub-acute effect of artesunate (AS), amodiaquine (AQ) and AS plus AQ on the structure and function of the hippocampus of adult  Wistar rats. Forty adult male Wistar rats weighing between 110-215 g, were divided into 4 groups (n=10); group A-control (CT) rats administered  distilled water, group B-4 mg/kg, AS, group C-10 mg/kg, AQ and group D- 4 mg/kg, AS + 10 mg/kg, AQ body weight. Drugs were administered orally  for 3 days and neurobehavioral tests (Morris water maze) for spatial memory and cognition done from day 11 to 14. The rats were sacrificed on the  day 15 and blood sample collected for full blood count. The rat brain of all groups was excised, and the hippocampus dissected out, fixed in 10%  formol-saline and processed for histology and immunohistochemical (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP (astrocytes) and inducible nitric oxide  synthase, iNOS (oxidative stress)) studies. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA at p<0.05. Subacute evaluation showed that the AQ-treated rats had significantly increased swimming time and distance, red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume  (PCV) compared with the CT and other groups. Histologically, there was decreased Cornus Ammonis 1 (CA 1) pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus of the AS and AQ-treated rats compared with the CT group. Increased astrocyte population was observed in the hippocampus of AS and AQ groups compared with the CT and AS+AQ groups, as well as increased iNOS expressions compared with the CT group. Subacute evaluation of the adult rat hippocampus indicated that amodiaquine decreased spatial memory and increased blood cell counts, while artesunate and amodiaquine induced  oxidative stress resulting in pyknosis of and decreased pyramidal CA1 neurons and caused astrogliosis.
Teachers’ attitudes to work on learners’ study readiness in primary schools in odukpani local government area of cross river state, nigeria.
Authors: Aniah, Solomon Agwanyang,  , Stephen Olenye,  , Odok Lilian Oyak  , Adie, Joy Ashibebongye,
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out influence of teachers’ attitudes to work on learners’ study readiness in primary schools in Odukpani Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses were posed and formulated respectively to guide the study. Ex-post-facto design was adopted for the study, purposive sampling technique was used to select 60 respondents (40 class teachers, 10 deputy head teachers and 10 head teachers) for the study. The instruments used for gathering data for this study were the Teachers’ Attitude to Work Questionnaire (TAWQ) and Learners’ Study Readiness Assessment Scale (LSRAS), which were arranged on a 4-point Likert Scale. The instrument was validated by one expert in educational Measurement and Evaluation in National Teachers’ Institute (Calabar Study Centre). All the hypotheses were tested with one-sample population t-test and one-way analysis of variance at .05 level of significance. The research findings revealed that: The levels of learners’ study readiness in terms of reading/note copying, concentration, time schedule and home work are all significantly higher than the expected level. Teachers’ attitude has significant influence on learners’ study readiness in schools. The teachers should help nurture in learners the capacity of using effective study readiness as a guarantee for maximum achievement as one of the recommendations.
Self-concept and acceptance of lesbianism tendency among senior secondary school girls in ovwie local government area of delta state, nigeria.
Authors: Denwigwe, C. P.,  , Arop, L.,  , Edward,A.N.,  , Azubuko, A. H.,  , Asuquo, P. N.,
Published: August 2022

This study stems from the observation that lesbianism is fast creeping into Girls’ secondary schools in Nigeria. Using the ex-post facto research design, the study examined the influence of self-concept (moral and academic) on the acceptance of lesbianism tendency among 218 senior secondary school girls in Ovwie Local Government Area (LGA) of Delta State, Nigeria with a population of 2,112 senior secondary school girls. The respondents were randomly selected. The three research hypotheses formulated to guide this study were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The instrument for data collection was the Self-concept and Acceptance of Lesbianism Tendency Questionnaire (SALTQ). The data were analyzed with the population and independent t-tests as the statistical tools. The results showed that the level of lesbianism tendency among senior secondary school girls in the study area was significantly high while a significant influence of moral and academic self-concepts on acceptance of lesbianism tendency was found to exist among the girls. Based on the findings, it was recommended that efforts should be made by the stakeholders of education to reduce the level of lesbianism among the senior secondary school girls by instituting programmes that sensitize them on the need to develop proper self-concept, the word of God and motivational talks can be appropriately used to encourage the development of moral concepts among the students, and self-concept enhancement programmes should be introduced in schools to enhance academic self-concept.
Abduction threat surviving skills in teacher education curriculum key to learners’ safety in school environment
Authors: Ofoegbu, Jude Uzodinma,  , Ekarika, Catherine Boniface,  , Anthony, Pius Effiom,  , Eke Ogbu Eke,
Published: August 2022

The study adopted survey design to determine MICHAEL OKPARA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE UMUDIKE and ALVAN IKOKU FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION OWERRI teacher educators’ perceptions on infusing abduction threat surviving skills on teacher education curriculum for students’ safety in school environment. Researchers’ made attitude questionnaire titled” Teachers-educator Questionnaire on Infusing Abduction Threat Surviving Skills in Teacher education curriculum” (TEQIAST) was used for data collection. It had reliability coefficient of 0.77, determined using Cronbach Alpha.  The data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation in answering research questions while the hypothesis was tested using t-test statistical tool tested at 0.05 level of significance.  The findings showed that teacher educators have positive perceptions on infusing abduction threat surviving skills in teacher education curriculum for students’ safety in school environment It was recommended among others that there is need to infuse abduction threat surviving skills in relevant courses in teacher education curriculum for safety of students in school environment.
Socalart: A Sensor-Based Wearable Device for Enhanced Social Distancing to Minimize the Spread of COVID-19
Authors: Ume Leonard Emenike , Nweke Henry Friday , Okeke Godswill Chigozirim
Published: August 2022

No Abstract.
Network Bandwidth Optimization: Development Of A Cache Management Model
Authors: Fadojutimi Funmilayo Gloria , Oyewo Damilola Temitope , Benson-Iyare Jessica Chinezie , Fayemiwo Michael Adebisi , Aluwatope Ayodeji O.
Published: August 2022

No Abstract.
Comparison of Apriori and Top-Down Mining Algorithms on Co-Authors' Relationship in DBLP Online Bibliography
Authors: Omisore Olatunji , Dahunsi Oluwatobi , Adebayo Totulope , Afolabi Olaitan , Orji Rita
Published: August 2022

No Abstract.
Mitigating Disease Infestation Issues of Some Selected Plants through Early Detection using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Oyewo O.A. , Boyinbode O.K. , Adewale O.S.
Published: August 2022

No Abstract
Integrated geophysical methods and techniques for studying the perennial springs in Ikanje- Share, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Olawuyi A. K. , Bawallah M. A.
Published: August 2022

An integrated magnetic, self-potential (S.P.) and electrical resistivity survey involving magnetic profiling and 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) electrical imaging techniques were carried out in the transition environment between the Nupe Basin and Southwestern Nigeria Basement Complex at Ikanje-Share in Kwara State, Nigeria. The Ikanje-Share perennial springs started gaining a lot of attention after many travelers and tertiary institutions in Nigeria made it a good choice for their fieldwork exercise. The surveys were done in order to delineate the subsurface layers, determine the geoelectrical characteristics and identify geological structures (e.g., faults and fractures) that are responsible for the perennial spring formation. The magnetic profiling was used as reconnaissance technique to identify lineament features that are favourable to groundwater accumulation and transmission. Some magnetic lineaments were qualitatively inferred from some profiles in the study area. The fault locations coincide with inflection points in S.P. curves and occur as horizontal and consistent planes of discontinuities at depths of approximately 1.25, 4.25, 8.75, 13.15 and 21.25 m, respectively. The VES interpretation results indicated four to five major geologic units, which include: the topsoil/clay/lateritic layer, the lateritic layer, the weathered basement, the weathered/fractured basement and the fresh bedrock. The weathered and fractured basements constitute the main aquifer units and the overburden thickness varies from 5.0 to 16.8 m. The study has shown the usefulness of integrated geophysical methods and techniques in subsurface structural and groundwater development study over the perennial springs in the transition environment between the Nupe Basin and the Southwestern Nigeria Basement complex.
Cadmium geochemistry and groundwater pollution status evaluation using indexing and spatial analysis for Keffe community and Environs Sokoto Basin, North Western Nigeria
Authors: Grema H.M. , Hamidu H. , Suleiman A. , Kankara A. I. , Umaru A.O. , Abdulmalik N. F.
Published: August 2022

Representative groundwater samples were collected from the Kaffe community and environs to evaluate the concentrations and geochemical constraints for mobilizing cadmium (Cd) and selected heavy metals. Field-based in-situ measurements of physicochemical parameters were combined with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer analysis of dissolved elemental concentrations. Pollution indices (i.e. heavy metal pollution index; HPI, heavy metal evaluation index; HEI, contamination degree; Cd, metal index; MI, synthetic pollution index; SPI, ecological risk index; ERI and Nemerow index; NI) evaluations highlighted the levels of heavy metals in the groundwater. Cadmium and iron (Fe) concentrations exceeded the recommended limits in 97% of the analysed samples, with an average pH of 6.3. Strong positive correlations were observed between cadmium and the computed pollution indices (p 0.774 to p 0.100), suggesting significant Cd pollution of the groundwater. Components analysis grouped Cd, Fe, and the pollution indices in the first PC. This was favourably compared to the correlation analysis result. Cluster analysis categorized Cd, Zn and pH in the first cluster consistent with the suggested dissolution and enrichment of Cd and Zn in the groundwater under similar geochemical conditions. The study area is medium and moderately polluted based on HPI, HEI, Cd, and NI.
Technical efficiency of onion production in Kebbi State: A Stochastic frontier production function approach
Authors: Kaka Y. , Magaji U. , Gindi A.A.
Published: August 2022

This study investigates onion producers’ technical efficiency level in Kebbi State. Purposive and simple random sampling procedures were adopted in selecting 210 onion producers using structured questionnaire from seven local government areas in the state. Descriptive statistics, gross margin and stochastic frontier production models were employed in describing and analyzing the data. The results showed that producers generated an average gross revenue and gross margin of ₦1,085,692.51 and ₦700,388.33 at farm-gate price, respectively. The coefficients of farm size (0.6779), labour (0.1700) and seed (0.01011) were significantly positive in influencing the onion output, while level of education and household size significantly increased technical efficiency of producers. The technical efficiency of the pooled sample ranges from 0.13 to 0.95 and the mean technical efficiency was 0.78. Production constraints recorded were; high cost of input, pest and disease attack, poor pricing and inadequate government support. In conclusion, onion is a viable agribusiness enterprise for wealth generation and reliable means of small producers’ livelihood and lucrative business for large scale producers. The study recommends the need to identify sustainable interventions through government/nongovernmental support policies to improve input supply system, encourage adult education vide extension service and strengthening linkages among onion producers.
Müellifi Bilinmeyen Bir Hikaye Mecmuası: Hikâyât
Authors: AYDIN Halis
Published: August 2022

Geçmiş dönemlere ait olan yazma eserlerin ortaya çıkarılarak okunup anlaşılır hale getirilmesi kültür ve edebiyat tarihi için büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Nazmın padişah nesrin halk olarak görüldüğü klasik Türk edebiyatında ihmale uğramış konuların başında mensur hikâyeler gelmektedir. Mensur hikâyeler yüzyıllar boyunca Türk milletinin estetik zevkine hitap etmiş ve toplumun ihtiyaçlarını gidermeye çalışmıştır. Fakat hikâye külliyatlarının ve mensur eserlerin sayısının çok fazla olmasına karşın bu eserler sürekli ihmale uğramıştır. Bu durumun başlıca sebepleri arasında mensur hikâyenin araştırmacılar tarafından fazla ilgi görmemesi, hikâye külliyatlarının genellikle çok hacimli olması ve manzum eserlerin daha fazla ilgi çekmesi gibi nedenler yatmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Manisa Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi Zeynel-zâde İl Halk Kütüphanesi Koleksiyonunda yer alan 45 Hk 1500/2 arşiv numaralı yazmada yer alan hikâye mecmuası dikkatlere sunulmuştur. Yazmada eserin müellifi, müstensihi telif veya istinsah tarihi ile ilgili herhangi bir kayıt yoktur. Müellifi bilinmeyen bu hikâye mecmuasının zaman, mekân, kişiler, muhteva dil ve anlatımı incelenip transkripsiyonlu hâli araştırmacıların istifadesine sunulmuştur.
Budaya Batak Toba Berziarah Ke Kuburan Ditinjau Dari Kebenaran Alkitab
Authors: Pakpahan Duma Fitri
Published: August 2022

Suku Batak memiliki budaya  yang beragam sebagai pedoman yang mengatur dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu budaya tersebut adalah berziarah ke kuburan dan memiliki arti tersendiri bagi mereka yang melakukannya. Masalah yang akan diteliti berkaitan dengan ini adalah bagaimana adat berziarah ke kubur ditinjau dari kebenaran Alkitab. Dalam hal ini, penulis melakukan pendekatan  penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dengan memadukan teori dari para teolog dan kebenaran Alkitab di PL dan PB berkaitan dengan ziarah ke kubur ini. Dari hasil dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan baik dari PL maupun PB ada beberapa penyimpangan yang sering dilakukan oleh suku Batak dalam sikap yang esensi berkaitan dengan ziarah ke kubur ini.
Pemahaman Konsep Keterlibatan Anggota Jemaat Dalam Pelayanan Dan Penginjilan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Gereja Berdasarkan Ayat Kisah Para Rasul 2:46-47
Authors: Sinaga Janes , Sagala Rudolf Weindra , Sibuea Rolyana Ferinia , Hutagalung Stimson
Published: August 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami konsep yang benar mengenai keterlibatan pelayanan ibadah, untuk memahami konsep yang benar mengenai keterlibatan dalam penginjilan dan untuk pemahaman pengaruh keterlibatan dalam pelayanan ibadah serta penginjilan terhadap pertumbuhan gereja, maka penulis ingin melakukan sebuah penelitian untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas permasalahan di atas. Untuk mendapatkan penjelasan yang lengkap maka penulis menggunakan metode penilitan kualitatif dan menggunakan studi literatur dari berbagai daftar Pustaka baik buku-buku maupun jurnal serta di dukung dengan ayat-ayat alkitab sehingga mendapat pemahaman yang lengkap. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut disimpulkan masih banyak anggota jemaat di sebuah gereja belum memahami keberadaan sebagai seorang Kristen yang harus terlibat dalam pelayanan ibadah maupun penginjilan sehingga iman kekristenan dan keanggotaan gereja dapat bertumbuh seperti yang terjadi kepada jemaat mula-mula dalam kitab Kisah Para Rasul. Untuk itu dengan pemahaman yang lebih baik maka akan lebih banya yang terlibat dalam pelayanan ibadah dan penginjilan di Gereja.
Pendekatan Pelayanan Kontekstual Melalui Musik Rohani Daerah Sub Suku Dayak Iban
Authors: Doma Yabes , Iskandar Iskandar , Puri Apri Juverlis Clara
Published: August 2022

The author discusses the contextual ministry approach through spiritual music in the language of the Iban Dayak tribe. In the Dayak Iban tribe, culture is still very fanatical, but that culture hasalso changed from generation to generation according to the times. Modern songs, local people find it difficult to understand the meaning of the song. That way, the authors are interested in using this opportunity to make an approach through the contextual service of the music of the Iban Dayak sub-tribe. The aim of the author is to approach the spiritual music of the Iban Dayak tribe. In this case, the research conducted by the author is using a descriptive approach with qualitative methods. By describing, explaining, describing what happened or studying what was the essence of the discussion. the author approaches by looking at the local culture. One of the approaches used by the writer to take this approach is to create spiritual songs in accordance with the language in the local area, so that the meaning of the songs created can be easily understood by the community. An example of the song is "Oh Bala Kaban", a traditional song from Dayak Ketungau Tengah.The author discusses the contextual ministry approach through spiritual music in the language of the Iban Dayak tribe. In the Dayak Iban tribe, culture is still very fanatical, but that culture hasalso changed from generation to generation according to the times. Modern songs, local people find it difficult to understand the meaning of the song. That way, the authors are interested in using this opportunity to make an approach through the contextual service of the music of the Iban Dayak sub-tribe. The aim of the author is to approach the spiritual music of the Iban Dayak tribe. In this case, the research conducted by the author is using a descriptive approach with qualitative methods. By describing, explaining, describing what happened or studying what was the essence of the discussion. the author approaches by looking at the local culture. One of the approaches used by the writer to take this approach is to create spiritual songs in accordance with the language in the local area, so that the meaning of the songs created can be easily understood by the community. An example of the song is "Oh Bala Kaban", a traditional song from Dayak Ketungau Tengah.
OTOMOTİV SEKTÖRÜ PROGRASİF KALIP HATTINDA ERGONOMİK ÜRETİM TASARIMI İLE VERİMLİLİĞİN ARTTIRILMASI
Authors: MERT Uğuray , İDE Derya , GÜNDÜZ Tülin
Published: August 2022

İşyerlerinde malzeme, makine, ekipman, çalışma ortamlarının tamamında göz ardı edilen ergonomik koşullar çalışan faaliyetlerini olumsuz etkilemektedir. İş süreçlerinin ergonomik olarak incelenmesi ve tasarlanması, çalışanın ve üretimin verimliliğini arttırmakla beraber kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarını (KİSR) da önleyecek bir politikadır. Bedensel ve zihinsel sağlığı korumanın yolu analiz etmekle başlar. Bu çalışmada, otomotiv sektöründe yedek parça imalatı yapılan prograsif kalıp hattında çalışanların KİSR riskleri QEC ve BAUA ergonomik analiz yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Yapılan iş nedeni ile operatör üzerinde oluşan zorlanmaların azaltılması için iyileştirme önerisi geliştirilmiş ve uygulanmıştır. Mevcut iş istasyonunda QEC ve BAUA risk puanları sırasıyla %73,30 ve 30 ‘dur. Hat üzerinde gerçekleştirilen yeni üretim tasarımı ile risk oluşturan iş süreci çalışandan bağımsız hale getirilerek, kalıp hattında bu işin makineye bağımlı olarak yapılması sağlanmıştır. Böylece risk %55,11 ve 2 puana düşürülmüştür. Bu sonuç, doğru analiz ve üretim tasarımı ile çalışanların bugün ve gelecekte karşılaşabilecekleri KİSR risklerinin büyük ölçüde azaltılabileceğini göstermektedir. İşletmelerde çalışanın yanlış pozisyonda işi sürdürmesi ve gereksiz yapılan her faaliyet israftır. Çalışmada ayrıca, bu tür faaliyetlerin iyileştirildiği duruma yönelik yapılan ekonomik analizle uygulamanın maliyeti ve kârı ortaya konulmuş, ergonomik çalışma ortamlarının verimi arttırma, maliyetleri azaltma ve getiriye yansıma potansiyeli oluşturduğu gösterilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları ile işletmelerin ergonomik analizleri uygulayarak KİSR’nı engelleyebileceği, bu analizlerin sonucunda alınacak önlemler ile iyileştirmenin boyutuna bakılmaksızın ergonomik üretim tasarımının verimlilikte olumlu etki sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Forcasting Natural Gas Consumption in Nigeria using the Modified Grey Model (MGM(1,1,⊗b))
Authors: Obi Samuel O. , Akeyede Imam
Published: August 2022

Accurate prediction of the natural gas consumption in Nigeria is crucial to Gas management. This study utilizes the improved Grey model (MGM(1,1,⊗b)), which is an improvement of the modified Grey model (MGM(1,1)), to forecast the natural gas consumption of Nigeria for the year 2021 to 2025. A secondary data retrieved from the NNPC 2019 annual statistics bulletin was used to build a model for this prediction. Noting that MGM(1,1) model uses the Grey action quantity as a unique real number which do not reflect the uncertainty nature of Grey systems. A model (MGM(1,1,⊗b)) was developed such that it extends the MGM(1,1) model to retain the uncertainty nature of Grey systems. The new modified Grey model (MGM(1,1,⊗b)) was used to make prediction of the natural gas consumption of Nigeria and the results shows that the (MGM(1,1,⊗b)) model gives a prediction interval which the actual value is bracketed. This implies that natural gas consumption of Nigeria for 2021 to 2025 lies within the (MGM(1,1,⊗b)) model prediction values for the same year.
Hybrid Optimization Technique for Solving Economic Dispatch Problem: A Case Study of Nigerian Thermal Power System
Authors: Adepoju Gafari Abiola , Okelola Muniru Olajide , Tijani Muhammed Adekilekun
Published: August 2022

Economic Dispatch Problem (EDP) is a power system optimization problem that is required to be solved accurately using an efficient optimization technique. Hybrid optimization solutions have provided better optimum results than either deterministic or non-deterministic optimization methods. The hybridization of both Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Bat Algorithm (BA) to for Hybrid Particle Swarm Bat Algorithm (H-PS-BA) optimization technique for solving EDP of Nigerian 21 thermal generating station power system was carried out in this work. The result of the work revealed that H-PS-BA performed better and gave the best optimal generation costs when compared to other methods such as PSO, Interior Point Method and BA.
Extraction and Characterization of Pharmaceutical Grade Microcrystalline Cellulose From Bambara Nut (Voandzeia Subterranean (L) Thousars) Husk
Authors: Agboeze E. , Ani N. P. , Omeje E. O.
Published: August 2022

Microcrystalline cellulose is a vital ingredient in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. In this study, Bambara nutshell microcrystalline cellulose (BNS-MCC) was prepared by acid hydrolysis modification of Bambara nutshell alpha-cellulose pulp. The sample was subjected to sodium hydroxide pulping (2.0% and 17.5% NaOH respectively) and a multistage pulping treatment using 3.5% nitric acid. The analysis results showed that the pulping method was effective for substantial removal of lignin with a 14.416% yield of alpha-cellulose pulp. The organoleptic and physicochemical properties of BNS-MCC were examined. The prepared BNS-MCC powder was examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffractometer (XRD). The sample’s powder flow properties (true density, Hausner index, Carr’s index, angle of repose,powder porosity, loss on drying, and moisture sorption capacity) were (1.216g/mL, 1.34, 25.75%, 39.80o, 64.7%, and 46.81%). The results of the analysis of the BNS-MCC compared well with commercial grades and conformed to US Pharmacopeia (USP) and British Pharmacopeia specifications. This result shows that Bambara nutshells have potential application for pharmaceutical grade cellulose production used in direct compression tableting.
Effect of Phthalonitrile and Alum on Flame Retardation Properties of 100% Cotton Fabric
Authors: Chukwuegbo E. U. , Agboeze E. , Ogbuanu C. C. , Amujiogu S.
Published: August 2022

Speculations have it that phthalonitrile imparts flame retardancy on substrates. This study aimed to investigate the activities of phthalonitrile as flame retardant on 100% cotton fabric. The fabric samples tested were cut into 25:4 x 7 cm pieces, scoured, dried, and weighed. They were then impregnated with different concentrations of phthalonitrile in different solvents (benzene and acetone) and emulsion alongside alum dissolved in water. At the same time, the untreated fabric was used as a control. All the impregnated pieces of fabric were dried at room temperature and reweighed. The fabrics were subjected to add-on%, after flame time, after-glow time, and % char formation tests. The results showed that cotton-tested flame retardant properties increase with the increase in the concentration of phthalonitrile. Phthalonitrile has flame retardant properties on 100% cotton fabric.
Issue of Srilankans – An Overview
Authors: Gandhi Kajal
Published: August 2022

The crisis is said to have begun due to multiple compounding factors like tax cuts, money creation, and a nation-wide policy to shift to organic or biological farming, the 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings, and the impact of the COVID19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. In Jan 2021, the Sri Lankan Government declared officially that the country was hit by the worst economic crisis in its 73year history. On March 18, 2022 India extended a USD 1 billion line of credit to Sri Lanka on Thursday to help the country deal with the economic crisis
Fundamentos teóricos y prácticos del área de Comunicación
Authors: Valentín Melgarej Teófilo Félix , La Madrid Vivar Pablo Lenin , Espinoza Apolinario Ulises , Oscátegui Nájera Gastón Jeremías , Gomez Segura Rosa Luz , Valentín Melgarejo Pablo Lolo , Lozano Buendia Martha Nelly , Román Valverde Eva Sara , Neira López Marianela Susana
Published: August 2022

El área de Comunicación de la educación peruana es un área, que abarca la educación inicial, primaria y secundaria, donde se desarrollan las competencias comunicativas de los alumnos para que estos puedan comunicarse eficientemente. En esa línea el estudio tiene como objetivo describir el proceso del desarrollo del área de Comunicación, lo que se inicia con los contenidos, las capacidades y las competencias que se muestran mediante los desempeños de los alumnos, por lo que se presenta los insumos pedagógicos como las estrategias para la adquisición de los aprendizajes, la elaboración de las sesiones de aprendizajes, las experiencias de los aprendizajes y el contenido curricular del área. La comunicación entre los seres humanos es importante ya que permite la socialización humana, y es la educación el espacio de su estudio.
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF ONE-YEAR-OLD AND TWO-YEAR-OLD PIKEPERCH (SANDER LUCIOPERCA) AFTER WINTERING IN CAGES AND PONDS
Authors: Lyutikov A. , Korolev A. , Shumilina A. , Vylka M. , Selyukov A. , Kurdina E. , Baskakova Yu. , Artemov R.
Published: August 2022

Studies of the physiological state of one-year-old and two-year-old pikeperch after wintering in fish farming cages and ponds have shown significant differences in mass-size, chemical, hematological and histophysiological parameters of fish. For pikeperch of both ages, significant differences were observed in the form of higher values of the liver index in farmed fish (1.63% vs. 1.33% in one-year-olds and 2.79% vs. 1.16% in two-year-olds), abdominal fat index (0.96% vs. 0.39% in one-year-olds and 7.88% vs. 0.44% in two-year-olds), vitamin C (76.5% vs. 18.9% in one-year-olds and 69.9% vs. 12.3% in two-year-olds), in the shift of the balance of the fatty acid status of body lipids towards the accumulation of MUFAs – monounsaturated fatty acids (39.61% vs. 27.47% of the total fatty acids in one-year-olds and 54.34% vs. 39.90% of the total fatty acids in two-year-olds), a decrease in the proportion of physiologically active acids of the n-3 series (21.60% vs. 22.53% of the total fatty acids in one-year-olds and 12.19% vs. 17.70% of the total fatty acids in two-year-olds), and a significant decrease in hemoglobin (65.2 g /l vs. 76.5 g /l) and MCH – the average content of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte (28.4 vs. 33.9 pictograms, pg) in one-year-olds and a tendency to decrease these indicators in two-year-olds (68.7 g /l vs. 73.5 g /l hemoglobin and 31.7 pg vs. 35.6 pg, respectively). More pronounced differences in the studied parameters are characteristic of older pikeperch from fish farms, relative to fish from ponds. Two-year-old pikeperch reared in cages of a fish farm are characterized by significantly greater length (21.10 vs. 18.78 cm) and body weight (89.50 vs. 68.97 g), high content of body lipids (8.75 vs. 2.05%), dry matter (30.8 vs. 23.4%) and BEV – nitrogen-free extractives (4.11 versus 1.55%). Two-year-old pikeperch reared in cages of a fish farm are characterized by significantly greater length (21.10 cm vs. 18.78 cm) and body weight (89.50 g vs. 68.97 g), high content of body lipids (8.75% vs. 2.05%), dry matter (30.8% vs. 23.4%) and NFE - nitrogen-free extractives (4.11% versus 1.55%). In addition, two–year-olds (females) in industrial conditions had more developed gonads with a similar gonadosomatic index with pikeperch from ponds (0.20 and 0.23, respectively) - active formation of a reserve fund of germ cells and the presence of oocytes of various size groups were observed in the ovaries of farmed fish. Certain distinctions in pikeperch of different ages after wintering in fish farming cages and ponds are related to different conditions of keeping and feeding fish.
The Resistance of Some Tomato Lines against Tomato Spotted Wild Virus, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) by Molecular Markers
Authors: BASIM Hüseyin , KANDİL Osman , İĞDİRLİ Ramazan , MOR Mehmet
Published: August 2022

In this study, it was attempted to determine the resistance of different tomato lines to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and root-origin nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) using molecular DNA markers. For this purpose, out of 96 different tomato lines to be tested, Sw5-2 for resistance to tomato spotted wilt ripening virus (TSWV), Ty3P6-25 for resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and the DNA marker Mi23, which determines resistance to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), were used by PCR. In this study, Ty3P6-25, the marker that determines resistance to TYLCV, was found to be susceptible (rr) in 34 tomato lines, heterozygous resistant (Rr) in 56 tomato lines, and homozygous resistant (RR) in 4 tomato lines. In addition, no results were obtained in 2 tomato lines. Marker Sw5-2, which determines resistance to TSWV, was found to be homozygous susceptible (rr) in 57 tomato lines, heterozygous resistant (Rr) in 27 tomato lines, and homozygous resistant (RR) in 5 tomato lines. No results were obtained in 7 tomato lines. For the marker (Mi23) that determines resistance to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), 44 tomato lines were found to be homozygous susceptible (rr), 11 tomato lines were heterozygous resistant (Rr), and 35 tomato lines were homozygous resistant. No results were obtained for 6 tomato lines. It was concluded that the DNA molecular markers used are useful in determining resistance responses to TSWV, TYLCV and Meloidogyne spp. in tomato and can give reproducible and reliable results in a short time.
Division of Tasks Using the Hungarian Method
Authors: Zain Irsyadi , Akbar Y Rahmat
Published: August 2022

Optimization is the process of optimizing existing resources in order to obtain effective and efficient results. The maximum division of tasks is when each employee does one job at a time. The division of work needs to be seriously handled so that every employee gets the maximum wage according to the working hours determined by the company. This research was conducted in the Rumah Jahit Nia, Sewing House industry in Pekanbaru City, Riau Province, Indonesia. The purpose of this study is that the company can divide each worker’s tasks to minimize the budget expenditure for paying overtime salaries so that the sources of financing and time used to complete the work are minimized. The research design uses quantitative data with applied research. The analysis method uses an assignment model with the Hungarian method. The completion of the Hungarian method is that the number of employees employed must be equal to the number of jobs that must be completed. In this study, the data source is seven employees with seven jobs to produce the minimum total financing. The study results obtained minimal financing with one employee doing one job. The minimization optimization results are Operator A, assignment IV financing Rp.13,333,-; Operator B, assignment VII with the financing of IDR 20,000; Operator C, assignment VI, financing Rp. 30,000, -; Operator D, assignment III with the financing of Rp. 25,333,-; Operator E, assignment I financing Rp. 25,000, - ; Operator F, assignment V financing Rp. 42,000, - ; Operator G, assignment II financing Rp.33,750,- Total minimum financing Rp.189,416,-.
SURVIVING TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMENTS OF DUSUN TINDAL WITHIN ITS MODERN COMMUNITY IN KAMPUN TINUHAN
Authors: CHONG LEE SUAN
Published: August 2022

Kertas ini meneliti alat muzik Dusun Tindal yang dijumpai dalam masyarakat moden di Kampung Tinuhan.Kampung Tinuhan terletak di Tenghilan di barat utara Sabah. Dusun Tindal tergolong dalam kumpulan etnikterbesar di Sabah iaitu Kadazandusun. Sejak 1990-an, Dusun Tindal di Tenghilan telah mula kehilangansebahagian besar daripada budaya tradisional muzik mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, kumpulan etnikini masih terus memegang beberapa tradisi kuno mereka, sungguhpun kini terdapat perkembanganmuzik baru yang bertujuan untuk meneroka ke dalam industri muzik tempatan dan demi mengekalkankepentingan anak-anak mereka dalam mempelajari alat muzik tradisional. Kertas kerja ini melihat kepada struktur fizikal dan unsur-unsur musizik dalam alat musik tradisional Dusun Tindal yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan harian masyarakat etnik ini.
CÉLÉNGAN (PIGGY BANK) DALAM PERSPEKTIF WARISAN BUDAYA BUKAN BENDA
Authors: ALAMSYAH ANIDU , INDARWANTO
Published: August 2022

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan céléngan (piggy bank) dalam perspektif warisan budaya tak-benda (intangible cultural heritage). Céléngan merupakan sebutan untuk seluruh tempat penyimpanan uang, atau menabung di Indonesia. Kata ini berasal dari kata céléng dalam bahasa Jawa yang artinya babi hutan ternak, dan memakai akhiran -an dalam kaidah bahasa Jawa, sehingga céléngan berarti sesuatu yang bersifat seperti céléng. Berdasarkan perspektif warisan budaya tak-benda, menyimpan uang (nyéléngi) ke dalam céléngan merupakan manifestasi nilai-nilai mengembang-biakkan babi hutan liar (wök) di dalam peternakan babi hutan (pacéléngan) di masa Jawa Kuno. Secara filosofis, di pacéléngan inilah pola makan wök dikendalikan, namun pemiliknya tetap mendapat keuntungan dari tingginya tingkat reproduksi babi hutan tersebut jika dibandingkan dengan hewan ternak lain. Di dalam céléngan, koin gobog sebagai mata uang pecahan terkecil yang dianggap kurang berarti pada masa itu dikumpulkan, dan saat koin ini telah memenuhi céléngan, maka céléngan pun dipecahkan untuk diambil isinya, sehingga nilai gobog dalam jumlah yang banyak ini menjadi sangat berarti. Nilai-nilai ini diwariskan lintasgenerasi, sehingga kegiatan nyéléngi ke dalam céléngan, dan produksi céléngan terus berlangsung di beberapa wilayah Jawa, Indonesia.
 
This article aims to describe the piggy bank (Bahasa Indonesia, and Java: céléngan) in the intangible cultural heritage perspective. Céléngan is a name for all of piggy bank in Indonesia. The name of céléngan come from céléng in Javanese which mean farmed wild boar, and using the -an suffix in Javanesse linguistic, so céléngan means something that is like a céléng (farmed wild boar). Based on intangible cultural heritage perspective, saving money (Javanese: nyéléngi) into the piggy bank (Javanese: céléngan) as the manifestation of the norms of breeding wild boar (Javanese: wök) into the farm (Javanese: pacéléngan) in ancient Java. Philosophically, in the pacéléngan, the farmer may control the dietary habit of the wök, and he take the advantage by its ability to reproduce more often than other livestock species. In the céléngan the gobog coin as the smallest denomination of money are collected, when it was full filled by coins, it must be smashed to obtain coins within, so the owner will feel more satisfied by the amount of coins. This norms is transmitted from one generation to the next, so the activity of nyéléngi into the céléngan, and the production of céléngan is still exist in many part of Java, Indonesia.
Mangrove Species Diversity and Structure at Kudat and Banggi Island, Sabah
Authors: Andy R. Mojiol  , N. Salleh Nurul
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine and record mangrove species biodiversity and structure at Kudat Mainland and Banggi Island. The sampling plots with a size of 100 m x 10 m and four (4) replication was established to measure the species diversity by using Shannon-Wiener Index (H’), Shannon Evenness Index (E) and Simpson’s Diversity Index (D). From the results, a total of 10 mangrove species were recorded from both study areas. There are eight (8) species at Kudat Mainland and six (6) species at Banggi Island. The diversity indexes give the value of H’, E and D with a similar value at both study areas. At Kudat Mainland, H’ = 1.51, E = 0.73 and D = 0.29 while at Banggi Island H’ = 1.50, E = 0.84 and D = 0.29. The results of these values show the value of diversity in both areas is less diverse. The findings show the representation of mangrove species in both areas are may be affected by the water salinity, tidal inundations, soil conditions and propagules size. While the dependency of local people on mangrove’s wood and tree’s age will be affected the distribution of mangrove diameter. Meanwhile, the current of winds and types of species represented in a plot assume affected the results of distributions of mangrove height. Represented of species less than 8 species assume affected the values of mangrove species diversity. In conclusion, the mangrove species at Kudat district can be determined and recorded and the diversity of mangrove species in both areas is less diverse.