bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An update to the 2014 nomenclator of Valvatidae
Authors: Haszprunar Gerhard
Published: April 2022

This contribution is an update to the 2014 compilation of all supra- and (infra-) specific taxa of extant and fossil Valvatidae, a group of freshwater operculate snails near the base of Heterobranchia with a nearly worldwide distribution. This update includes corrections and many additions (two replacement taxon names, 21 mainly fossil taxa previously overlooked, and 37 invalid names) to the 2014 contribution and adds all newly described species (11) during the past eight years. The extensive reference list is directly linked, where possible, to the available electronic source of the cited papers.
Le théâtre émigré russe à Paris de 1917 à 1939 : la presse émigrée comme vecteur principal entre le théâtre et la diaspora
Authors: Rouffaud Camille
Published: April 2022

Cet article présente un résumé du mémoire Le théâtre émigré russe à Paris de 1917 à 1981 , permettant une mise en contexte, puis se concentre sur la question de la presse émigrée russe, notamment le quotidien Dernières Nouvelles ( Последние Новости ), comme constituant le principal relais entre les activités théâtrales et la diaspora russe parisienne.
Que serait une société sans les sciences humaines et sociales ?
Authors: Van Campenhoudt Luc
Published: April 2022

Lorsqu’on s’interroge sur les sciences humaines et sociales (leur utilité, leur intérêt, leur scientificité, leur impartialité…), on fait généralement le procès de chaque discipline (la criminologie, la philosophie, la psychologie, l’histoire, l’économie, la sociologie…) en elle-même, pour elle-même, souvent à partir de points de vue lourds d’idées préconçues et peu désintéressés. Or, il convient de se poser préalablement une autre question : celle du lien entre les sciences humaines et sociales dans leur ensemble, et la société. Plusieurs manières de l’explorer sont possibles. Nous la prenons ici à contrepied, pour mieux en faire apparaitre l’enjeu : Que serait une société sans les sciences humaines et sociales ?
La Belgique a-t-elle connu une thérapie du choc ?
Authors: de Robiano Balthazar
Published: April 2022

Alors que de nombreux discours présentaient la dévaluation du franc belge comme une menace pesant sur l’économie belge justifiant pour être évitée des mesures d’austérité radicales, la dévaluation de février 1982, préparée en secret, fut l’instrument permettant à un gouvernement disposant de pouvoirs spéciaux d’imposer ces mesures d’austérité et de surpasser l’opposition, notamment syndicale.
Equivalent characterizations of harmonic Teichmüller mappings
Authors: Shi Qingtian
Published: April 2022

In this paper, three equivalent conditions of $ \rho $-harmonic Teichmüller mapping are given firstly. As an application, we investigate the relationship between a $ \rho $-harmonic Teichmüller mapping and its associated holomorphic quadratic differential and obtain a relatively simple method to prove Theorem 2.1 in [1]. Furthermore, the representation theorem of $ 1/|\omega|^{2} $-harmonic Teichmüller mappings is given as a by-product. Our results extend the corresponding researches of harmonic Teichmüller mappings.
Aphis prima sp. n. (Hemiptera, Aphididae), de Argentina y Chile, primera especie de áfido colectada en el Mundo sobre Schoepfiaceae (Santalales)
Authors: Nieto Nafría Juan Manuel , Mier Durante M. Pilar , Ortego Jaime
Published: April 2022

Se presenta el estudio de las primeras muestras de pulgones recolectadas en Schoepfiaceae (Santalales). Aphis prima sp. n. se describe a partir de hembras vivíparas colectadas en localidades de las provincias argentinas de Neuquén, Río Negro y Santa Cruz y en la región chilena del Maule sobre plantas de los géneros Quinchamalium y Arjona, que son endémicos de América del Sur. La nueva especie se caracteriza por la presencia de papilas marginales en 5 o 6 segmentos abdominales, tibias pigmentadas homogéneamente y cauda triangular tanto en ápteras como en aladas, de sensorios secundarios en el segmento antenal III en ápteras y de la vena medial de las alas anteriores ramificada una sola vez en aladas. El último carácter de los mencionados es muy raro en la subfamilia Aphidinae.
L’Anarchie de Mably à Proudhon, 1750-1850
Authors: Deleplace Marc
Published: April 2022

Plutôt qu’une nouvelle histoire de l’anarchisme, comme le montre une chronologie inhabituelle pour un tel sujet, l’auteur nous invite à suivre le processus contradictoire de l’entrée en politique du concept d’Anarchie, depuis les premières interrogations d’un Mably sur l’identification de l’ordre naturel à l’anarchie, jusqu’à la revendication de celle-ci par Proudhon. Histoire fortement polémique, et qui, chemin faisant, conduit à mettre en lumière un moment généralement négligé de l’historiographie révolutionnaire comme de l’histoire de l’anarchisme : celui de la Convention thermidorienne et du Directoire. Parcours méthodologique original également, nourri des apports de l’histoire des mentalités, de l’histoire des idées et de l’analyse du discours, et qui cherche à renouveler la manière de poser le discours comme objet d’histoire sociale.
TS and ACO in Hybrid Approach for Product Distribution Problem
Authors: Yachba Khadidja , Naima Belayachi , Bouamrane Karim
Published: April 2022

In order to solve the transport problem, a set of bio-inspired meta heuristics are proposed, they are based on the natural behavior of swarms, bees, birds, and ants that had emerged as an alternative to overcome the difficulties presented by conventional methods in the field of optimization. In this work, the authors use a hybrid of two optimization methods in order to solve the problem of product distribution from a central warehouse to the different warehouses distributed in different cities. The optimization of the distribution process is done by identifying through the proposed contribution the optimal path that combines between a minimum distance with a good condition of the path taken. In order to situate the approach proposed in this article, the authors compare the results obtained with the result obtained using ACO without hybridization, the results obtained by hybridizing the two methods Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Tabu Search (TS) are better.
Goal-directed fluid therapy in gastrointestinal cancer surgery
Authors: Akyol Duygu , Cukurova Zafer , Tulubas Evrim Kucur , Yıldız Güneş Ozlem , Sabaz Mehmet Suleyman
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To investigate the effects of perioperative goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on intraoperative fluid balance, postoperative morbidity, and mortality.

Methods:

This is a prospective randomized study, and 90 patients who underwent elective open gastrointestinal cancer surgery between April 2017 and May 2018 were included. Patients were randomized into 2 groups that received liberal fluid therapy (the LFT group, n=45) and goal-directed fluid therapy (the GDFT group, n=45). Patients’ Colorectal Physiologic and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (CR-POSSUM) physiological score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), perioperative vasopressor and inotrope use, postoperative AKIN classification, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization, hospital stay, and 30-day mortality were recorded.

Results:

The volume of crystalloid used perioperatively and the total volume of fluid were significantly lower in the GDFT group compared to the LFT group (P<0.05). CR-POSSUM physiological score and CCI were significantly higher in the GDFT group (P<0.05). Although perioperative vasopressor and inotrope use was significantly higher in the GDFT group (P<0.05), postoperative acute kidney injury development was not affected. Postoperative mortality was determined to be similar in both groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

Although GDFT was demonstrated to be a good alternative method to LFT in open gastrointestinal cancer surgery, and it can prevent perioperative fluid overload, and the postoperative results are comparable in the two groups.
Body mass index and COVID-19 outcomes
Authors: Nehara Hardeva Ram , Kumawat Sahdev , Kularia Rohitash , Amareshwara J , Batar Prashant Kumar , Goudgaon Vivek
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To determine the association between body weight and COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients admitted in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital, a tertiary health care center, between May and June 2021. Demographic data and baseline variables, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities were collected. Outcomes (death or mechanical ventilation) of the patients with different BMI, age, comorbidities, and qSOFA scores were compared. Besides, the risk factors for death or mechanical ventilation were determined.

Results:

The mean age of the subjects was (51.8±14.7) years old, and 233 (74.2%) were male. There were 103 (32.8%) patients with normal weight, 143 (45.5%) patients were overweight, and 68 (21.7%) patients were obese. In-hospital deaths and need of mechanical ventilations were significantly higher in the obese and the overweight group compared to the normal weight group, in age group ≥65 years compared to <65 years, in patients with ≥1 comorbidities compared to patients without comorbidities, in patients with qSOFA scores ≥2 compared to patients with qSOFA scores<2. There was a significantly increased risk of death (RR: 4.1, 95% CI 1.0-17.4, P=0.04) and significantly increased need of mechanical ventilation (RR: 5.2, 95% CI 1.8-15.2, P=0.002) in the obese patients compared with those with normal weight after controlling other covariates.

Conclusion:

Obesity is one of the significant risk factors for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients and should be considered during management.
An alveolate kidney
Authors: Wang De-Gang , Chen Jian-Jiao
Published: April 2022

Rationale:

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life-threatening infectious disease that requires early diagnosis and treatment. The disease is often misdiagnosed due to its diversity of clinical manifestations.

Patient's concern:

A 62-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department following a 12-hour history of abdominal pain and dyspnea. Physical examination showed percussion pain on the right costovertebral angle. Besides, she had a history of diabetes mellitus and urinary calculus.

Diagnosis:

Emphysematous pyelonephritis.

Intervention:

The patient accepted antishock therapy, tight glucose control, and broad-spectrum anti-infective therapy. After stabilization of the general condition, an ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy was performed.

Outcome:

Her conditions became stable over the following days. She presented a favorable clinical course, with normalization of renal function and positive improvements in imaging findings in a month.

Lessons:

Early diagnosis and rapid medical management are the keys to successful treatment. CT is an important method for the diagnosis of emphysematous pyelonephritis. For patients with severe lesions, percutaneous renal drainage combined with active anti-infection should be given in time.
Validation of a New Graphic Facial Nerve Grading System
Authors: Ojha Pawan T. , Nagendra Shashank , Ansari Afroz , Kadam Nikhil Dhananjay , Mathur Ajay , Gopinathan Neeraja , Ojha Nishu , Patel Hardik , Bansode Akshay , Kalel Orpah , Morwani Kishan P. , Jagtap Digvijay , Kumar Sumant , Vij Vinod
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective:

Most of the existing qualitative facial nerve grading systems are very subjective while the quantitative grading systems are more complex, require longer data input time and specific software. There is a need for having a scoring system with graphic criteria to improve the subjectivity, reliability and convenience. We aimed to develop and validate such a reliable graphic scale for use in Bell's palsy.

Methods:

Face videos of patients with unilateral facial paralysis were recorded using smartphones and analyzed for six items including five voluntary facial movements apart from complications of facial palsy (synkinesis, hyperkinesis, and contracture). 15 videos were used for pilot study, 75 for the development of scale and 110 for its validation. Each video was rated on two separate occasions by 3 independent raters, a score of 0-4 was assigned to each item using the graphic scoring criteria, and a composite score was obtained (range 0–24). Five disease severity categories: normal (score 0), mild (score 1–6), moderate (score 7-12), severe (score: 13–18) and profound facial weakness (score: 19-24).

Results:

The proposed scale and its component items had high inter-rater and intra-rater reliability (Kappa >0.7). Good correlation (Pearson co-efficient >0.7) was seen among the voluntary movements. The proposed scale is a valid tool to score motor deficits and complications of facial palsy.

Conclusions:

The proposed scale is a valid and reliable graphic scale to describe facial motor dysfunction and its secondary defects.
Deep learning-based COVID-19 triage tool
Authors: Mahajan Abhishek , Pawar Vivek , Punia Vivek , Vaswani Aakash , Gupta Piyush , S. Bharadwaj K. S. , Salunke Arvind , Palande Sujit D. , Banderkar Kalashree , Apparao M. L. V.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Easy availability, low cost, and low radiation exposure make chest radiography an ideal modality for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) detection.

Objectives:

In this study, we propose the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to automatically detect abnormalities associated with COVID-19 on chest radiographs. We aimed to evaluate the performance of the algorithm against the interpretation of radiologists to assess its utility as a COVID-19 triage tool.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted in collaboration with Kaushalya Medical Trust Foundation Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, between July and August 2020. We used a collection of public and private datasets to train our AI models. Specificity and sensitivity measures were used to assess the performance of the AI algorithm by comparing AI and radiology predictions using the result of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction as reference. We also compared the existing open-source AI algorithms with our method using our private dataset to ascertain the reliability of our algorithm.

Results:

We evaluated 611 scans for semantic and non-semantic features. Our algorithm showed a sensitivity of 77.7% and a specificity of 75.4%. Our AI algorithm performed better than the radiologists who showed a sensitivity of 75.9% and specificity of 75.4%. The open-source model on the same dataset showed a large disparity in performance measures with a specificity of 46.5% and sensitivity of 91.8%, thus confirming the reliability of our approach.

Conclusion:

Our AI algorithm can aid radiologists in confirming the findings of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest radiography and identifying additional abnormalities and can be used as an assistive and complementary first-line COVID-19 triage tool.
Body image disturbances among breast cancer survivors
Authors: Thakur Monika , Sharma Roopali , Mishra Anand Kumar , Gupta Bandna
Published: April 2022

Body image is an essential aspect of femininity. Body image disturbances occurring due to breast cancer pose a difficult challenge, which can impact the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Various treatment modalities used to cure cancer may result in major alterations of body image. The purpose of this review is to describe the magnitude of body image disturbances and the associated factors which influence the quality of life. A thorough literature search was performed to identify articles related to body image disturbances in patients with breast cancer. Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched using key terms such as “body image disturbances,” “sexuality,” “women,” and “breast cancer.” Original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in English from 2000 to 2020 that reported on body image as the main variable using standardized tools and had a sample size of at least 100 were considered eligible for inclusion in the review. A total of 40 articles matched the inclusion criteria, out of 100 that were identified from the database search. Our review suggests that in patients with breast cancer, the type of treatment, primarily modified radical mastectomy, and age have a significant association with disturbed body image, resulting in physical or psychological distress, eventually leading to difficulty in partnered relationships and sexual intimacy. Body image disturbance is an indispensable part of female health, and due care must be taken along with treatment to avoid psychological and physical distress.
Clinicopathologic features and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with extranodal involvement
Authors: Nair Sukesh C. , Gogia Ajay , Arora Shalabh , Kumar Lalit , Sharma Atul , Biswas Ahitagni , Gupta Ritu , Mallick Saumyaranjan
Published: April 2022

Background:

Extranodal involvement is seen in about 40%–50% of the cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, data on the clinicopathological features and outcomes of DLBCL with extranodal involvement, especially in the rituximab era, are scarce from India.

Objectives:

In this study, we aimed to assess the clinicopathological features and outcomes of DLBCL with extranodal involvement among Indian patients.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted on patients with DLBCL, registered in the Department of Medical Oncology of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India, between January 2014 and December 2018. Patients with nodal DLBCL aged more than 18 years, with concomitant extranodal disease in any anatomical site were included. All patients were treated with multiagent chemotherapy with or without rituximab.

Results:

Median age of the cohort was 50 years (range, 18–86), a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. B-symptoms and bulky disease were seen in 48% and 39% patients, respectively. Bone was the most common site of extranodal involvement observed in 32% patients. Bone marrow involvement was present in 13% patients. Low-risk International Prognostic Index (IPI) was seen in 32% patients and intermediate risk IPI in 38% patients. Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP)-based treatment was used in 80% of the patients and rituximab (R) was used in 73% of the patients. The objective response rate was 76%, with a complete response rate of 65.5%. After a median follow-up of 26 months, the 3-year progression free survival and overall survival (OS) were 65% and 82.7%, respectively. Involvement of the kidney/adrenal gland and central nervous system, high IPI score, and use of non- R-CHOP regimens were associated with a poor OS on the multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

The bone is the most common site of extranodal involvement in Indian patients with DLBCL. The outcome of extranodal DLBCL depends on the primary site of disease involvement.
Diagnostic accuracy of mammography in characterizing breast masses using the 5th edition of BI-RADS
Authors: Mohapatra Suvendu Kumar , Das Prafulla Kumar , Nayak Rashmita Binod , Mishra Abhisek , Nayak Bhagyalaxmi
Published: April 2022

Background:

Breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) is intended for standardizing mammography reporting.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic precision of the BI-RADS assessment scoring system using histopathological findings as the reference standard. We also aimed to assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of different morphological descriptors for malignancy.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective record-based analytical study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis of Acharya Harihar Post Graduate Institute of Cancer, Cuttack, Odisha, a tertiary cancer center in eastern India. We included patients attending the breast cancer unit with various breast complaints who were subjected to mammographic imaging and histopathological examination. The primary outcomes were the sensitivity, PPV, negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy (DA) of the BI-RADS scores for the pathological reports; secondary objective was the evaluation of the mammographic morphological characteristics. Mammography was interpreted using the BI-RADS 5th edition guidelines, without prior knowledge of the biopsy report. A BI-RADS final assessment score between 1 and 5 was assigned, where 1 indicated a normal study, 2 benign, 3 possibly benign requiring follow up, 4 suspicious requiring biopsy, and 5 indicating likely malignant requiring biopsy and further actions.

Results:

Between February 2020 and December 2020, we included 247 patients. All the category 5 lesions were malignant, while 76.5% of category 4 lesions were malignant. PPVs of BI-RADS categories 4a, 4b, and 4c were 38%, 90%, and 94%, respectively. Mammography had a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and DA of 98.7%, 47.6%, 87.5%, 90.9%, and 87.9%, respectively. Morphological features that were significantly associated with malignancy were spiculated margins (P = 0.003, PPV = 100%), microlobulated margins (P = 0.005, PPV = 96.5%), irregular shape (P = 0.002, PPV = 89.6%), microcalcification (P = 0.005, PPV = 92.8%), skin thickening (P < 0.0001, PPV = 100%), and architectural distortion (P = 0.003, PPV = 96.7%).

Conclusion:

Digital mammography is a sensitive tool for the evaluation of breast lumps, but BI-RADS final assessment score is subjective as it depends on the interpreter's expertise.
Construction and validation of palliative care nursing theory guidelines for patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Kalyani C. Vasantha , Rohilla Kusum K. , Gupta Amit , Gupta Sweety , Gupta Manoj , Matella Nirmal
Published: April 2022

Background:

Globally, there are many patients suffering from advanced cancers. There is a limited structured theoretical framework available for providing palliative care to these patients.

Objectives:

We aimed to construct and validate palliative care nursing theory guidelines to provide better palliative services to patients with advanced cancer.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted in Departments of Surgery and Radiation Oncology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh. In the present study, we used mixed-method design in which both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. In the qualitative study, exploratory surveys were used to derive themes using directed content analysis. We used the prospective cohort methods in the quantitative study. We tested the palliative care nursing theory on 80 patients with advanced gallbladder cancer and their caregivers for 6 months using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life (EORTC QOL) scale and assessed the survival outcomes.

Results:

Between July 2019 and Dec 2019, we enrolled 25 patients in the qualitative study. Four concepts of palliative care nursing theory were derived, that is, symptomatic management, problem-solving counseling, yoga and meditation, and family or caregiver involvement. Out of these, we developed a conceptual framework and palliative care nursing theory. In the subsequent quantitative study, we then tested this palliative care nursing theory on 80 patients (40 in the interventional group and 40 in the control group) with advanced cancer who were receiving palliative treatment. We provided care according to the palliative care nursing theory guidelines to the patients in the interventional group and found that this resulted in a significant benefit for both overall survival and quality of life (P = 0.0001; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.97–87.82).

Conclusion:

Our validated palliative care nursing theory is a structured and well-designed tool to provide comprehensive palliative care to patients with cancer. This can guide palliative care teams to provide better palliative care to patients and their families.
A narrative review of ERBB2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Sharma Mansi , Dewan Abhinav , Diwan Himanshi , Nathany Shrinidhi , Batra Ullas
Published: April 2022

The plethora of biomarkers and the availability of targeted treatment have revolutionized the therapeutic profile of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erythroblastic oncogene B (ERBB2) has been reported in 1%–4% cases of lung adenocarcinoma and recognized as a prognostic marker in a myriad of cancers like pancreatic, gastric, and breast carcinomas. It is more commonly recognized as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Molecular characterization of NSCLC based on the mechanism of HER2 activation, including mutation, amplification, and overexpression, has recently been widely adopted owing to the differences in prognosis and predictive outcomes. This narrative review of ERBB2 is intended to describe the molecular biology, historical perspective, clinical profile, and therapeutic options for HER2-activated NSCLC. For the purpose of this review, we performed a comprehensive and detailed search in PubMed, Scopus, and My Cancer Genome databases using the keywords “HER2/neu,” “HER2,” “NSCLC,” “pertuzumab,” “trastuzumab,” and “T-DM1.” A total of 59 articles were included in the review.
Are you confident about your confidence in confidence intervals?
Authors: Darling H. S.
Published: April 2022

Confidence interval (CI) is a commonly used parameter in the statistical analysis of various clinical studies. Despite being highly informative, and easily interpretable, the CI is associated with certain oversimplifications, leading to occasionally distorted conclusions of the results. This review is an overview of the characteristics, uses, shortcomings, and recommendations to help guide the best use of the CI. We searched in the PubMed and Cochrane databases using the search terms, “clinical importance,” “confidence interval,” “confidence level,” “point estimate,” and “statistical significance,” and the articles directly relevant to this review were chosen. The purpose of the review is to familiarize clinicians with the concept of the CI and to equip them with a basic understanding of the results of scientific publications.
Determination of strain around distal implants as abutments for partial and fixed implant-supported prostheses with posterior cantilever
Authors: Koodaryan Roodabeh , Yasamineh Neda , Hafezeqoran Ali , Moharrer Sheida Monem , Noorazar Seyed Gholamreza
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to compare strain around implants used as abutments for removable partial dentures with wrought wires and fixed partial dentures with ball attachments and fixed dentures with posterior cantilever. An edentulous mandibular model was constructed using epoxy resin with four parallel implants in the area between the two mental foramina. Four strain gauges were attached to the buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal aspects of each implant. One fixed prosthesis with cantilever and two removable partial dentures were considered as prosthetic treatments. A vertical 500-N force was applied with 10-N intervals. The maximum strain in the fixed prosthesis was higher than that of the partial removable denture; in the removable denture with a wrought wire arm, it was higher than that in the denture with a ball attachment (P < 0.001). The lowest rate of strain was recorded on the mesial aspect (P < 0.05). However, the highest rate of strain was recorded on the lingual and distal aspects of the removable denture with a wrought wire in the buccal aspect and the removable prosthesis with the ball attachment on the buccal and lingual aspects (P < 0.05). Finally, despite minor differences in the maximum strain rate in each implant position, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Partial removable denture with a ball attachment decreased strain more than that by the removable portal denture with a wrought wire arm. The worst type of prosthesis in terms of the overall strain rate was the fixed prosthesis with cantilever.
Synthesis conditions and characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with oleic acid stabilizer
Authors: Wulandari Anggita Dipika , Sutriyo Sutriyo , Rahmasari Ratika
Published: April 2022

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), part of magnetic nanoparticles, have been widely used in biomedical applications. Biocompatibility and magnetic properties make the SPIONs developed further by a lot of researchers. However, in the synthesis process, SPIONs can run into agglomeration. Oleic acid (OA) is one of the stabilizers to prevent agglomeration. This research aims to optimize the synthesis conditions and characterization of SPIONs with OA as a stabilizer. The synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles-Oleic Acid (SPIONs-OA) was performed using the coprecipitation method and was prepared with the addition of 0.75, 1.5, and 3%v/v OA and stirring rate of 750, 1500, 3000, 6000, 9000, and 12,000 rpm. The characterization of hydrodynamic size and polydispersity index was evaluated by dynamic light scattering. Meanwhile, the crystal structure was observed by X-ray diffraction. Then, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze structures. The results showed that the hydrodynamic size was dependent on OA concentrations and stirring rate. The addition of 1.5%v/v OA and stirring conditions of 750 rpm resulted in the smallest hydrodynamic size and polydispersity index (83.71 ± 0.70 nm and 0.215 ± 0.01 nm, respectively). Based on the crystal structure analysis, the crystal shape was magnetic cubic, and the size of Fe3O4 crystallite changed from 11.38 to 5.61 nm. The FTIR indicated a strong chemical bond between the hydroxyl group of SPIONs and carboxylic acid of OA. In conclusion, the SPIONs-OA was successfully prepared with 1.5%v/v OA concentrations and a stirring rate of 750 rpm.
Antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of “dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate” in male Wistar rats
Authors: Abdallah Heba M. I. , Asaad Gihan F. , Arbid Mahmoud S. , Nomier Yousra A.
Published: April 2022

Dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl (DDB) dicarboxylate has been applied as a therapeutic modality for curing liver diseases, particularly hepatitis virus. The objective of this study was to assess the protective potential against Triton X-100 induced abnormal fat metabolism in addition to anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of DDB. The anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic of DDB were investigated through induction of paw edema, pain, and fever in experimental rats. DDB decreased cholesterol and triglyceride contents. DDB resulted in inhibition of inflammation, nociception, and fever in the experimental models. DDB improved lipid profile, as evidence of hypolipidemic potential. It also showed anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties.
Hospital preparations of ethanol-free furosemide oral solutions
Authors: Sombié Charles Bavouma , Guetambaba J. E. Kéré , Diawara Hermine Zimé , Yaméogo Josias , Ouédraogo Salfo , Goole Jonathan , Semdé Rasmané
Published: April 2022

Furosemide is a diuretic frequently used in the therapeutic management of edema associated with cardiac, renal, and hepatic failure and hypertension. However, there are a very low number of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing furosemide that are suitable for children under 6- years old. Therefore, there is a real need to develop hospital preparations, especially in the hospital. Four oral pediatric solutions of furosemide (2 mg/Ml) were formulated. Two of those solutions did not contain ethanol. For each formulation, 12 batches of 1600.0 Ml were prepared and packaged in 250.0 Ml brown glass bottles with polypropylene screw caps. The physicochemical properties (visual appearance, pH, osmolarity, drug content) and microbiological quality of the finished product were determined on the freshly prepared solutions and after 90 days of storage at 30°C/65% RH. The physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the freshly prepared solutions were within the prescribed specifications. After 90 days of storage at 30°C/65% RH, the solutions containing sucrose and those without ethanol showed a slight decrease in pH and furosemide content of about 2.5%–4.5% (w/w). Despite this slight decrease, the characteristics remained within the prescribed specifications. Based on the stability profile of the ethanol-free solution containing sorbitol, it could be implemented in hospitals for the care of pediatric patients.
Recent advances in remotely controlled pulsatile drug delivery systems
Authors: Khalifa Al Zahraa , Zyad Houralaeen , Mohammed Hoor , Ihsan Kenda , Alrawi Leen , Abdullah Maryam , Akram Ola
Published: April 2022

Pharmaceutical technology is drastically developing to enhance the efficacy and safety of drug therapy. Pulsatile delivery systems, in turn, gained attraction for their ability to deliver the right drug amount to the right body site, at the right time which is advantageous over conventional dosage forms. Their use is associated with increased patient compliance and allows on-demand drug delivery as well as customizable therapy. Recent technologies have been implemented to further develop pulsatile delivery systems for more precise determination of the dosage timing and duration as well as the location of drug release. Great interests are directed towards externally regulated pulsatile release systems which will be the focus of this review. The recent advances will be highlighted in remotely controlled delivery systems. This includes electro responsive, light-responsive, ultrasound responsive, and magnetically induced pulsatile systems as well as wirelessly controlled implantable systems. The current status of these technologies will be discussed as well as the recent investigations and future applications.
Demonstration of relative bioavailability of newly developed and innovator drug metaxalone 800 mg in healthy subjects under fed condition
Authors: Colaco Socorrina , Ramesh N. , Shabaraya Ramakrishna
Published: April 2022

The notable unbiased of this research work was to evaluate the well-being and effectiveness of metaxalone by administering the newly developed test and reference drug. A two-period, two-categorization, crossover bioavailability study in fed conditions. Eleven participants were dosed and completed the trial successfully. The drugs were administered by way of a schedule. Samples collected in both periods for pharmacokinetic evaluation. Plasma samples analyzed using a validated method. Pharmacokinetic parameters for investigational and reference products were calculated using the metaxalone drug concentration and safety of the participants monitored by measurement of vital sign. Relative estimation factors calculated for Cmax, Tmax, area under the curve (AUC) t, AUC inf, K el, half-life, and 90% confidence intervals applied for to check for whether reference and test products are equivalent. The experimental part of the study was completed with no major adversarial event. No losses or stern adverse events transpired throughout the course of the experiment. The assessment product is analogous to reference product in relation to degree and extent of absorption. The outcome of this study indicates the newly developed drug is equivalent to the innovator drug and medication was well tolerated by all participants.
Jabuka Shoal, a New Location with Igneous Rocks in the Adriatic Sea
Authors:   Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Juračić Mladen , Novosel Anđelko ,   Croatian Geological Survey, Zagreb, Croatia, Tibljaš Darko ,   Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Balen Dražen ,   Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Published: April 2022

Petrographic and XRF analyses of the magmatic rock from JabukaShoal, 2300 m west of Jabuka Islet (central Adriatic Sea) revealedthat the rock is gabbro. This new location of magmatic rocks in theAdriatic confirms their linear arrangement, and indicates the presenceof an important fault line which predisposed the occurrences of magmaticrocks.
Diffusion through Pulverized Stone Compared to Other Mineral Barrier Materials
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Gjetvaj Goran , Kvasnička Predrag ,   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Veinović Želimir ,   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb
Published: April 2022

Construction of a waste disposal site requires an effective barrierthat separates waste from a sub-base and minimizes the migrationof contaminants from the site to an aquifer. Barrier layers mostoften used are natural clayey deposits or compacted clay liners andPEHD geomembranes. However, some regions, the Croatian karstfor example, are mostly short of clay. For this reason, the use ofpulverized stone, the by-product in the building-stone industry – as apotential liner material was investigated. Considering diffusion is animportant mechanism of contaminant transport through barriers, thispaper describes the method and apparatus for determining the diffusioncoefficient of pulverized stone. Measured diffusion values wererelated to sample compaction and compared with the physical propertiesof clay, geosynthetic clay liners and PEHD geomembranes. Otherphysical properties of pulverized stone such as the filtration coefficient,density and particle size distribution are also presented. Finally,the suitability of pulverized stone for barrier construction is discussedbased on the results obtained.
A Proposal for Taxonomic Re-Evaluation of Vaccinites Species from the Santonian Limestones of Southern Istria (Croatia)
Authors:   Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Moro Alan , Ćosović Vlasta ,   Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Published: April 2022

Rudists, especially members of the family Hippuritidae, were commondwellers on the Adriatic Carbonate Platform during the LateCretaceous. Morphological elements (ligamental ridge, teeth, pillars,length of the contour around the inner margin of the outer shell layerand the ratio between this length and the distance between the suturesof the pillars) from the transverse shell sections permit different speciesto be defined within the family. Transverse sections of Vaccinitesspecimens from the Santonian limestones in southern Istria show differentvalues of the angle between the teeth and the ligament ridge,between the ligamental ridge and the E pillar (P2), and of the ratiobetween the length of the contour and the pillar suture distance. Clusteranalyses (Ward’s and Unweighted pair–group average methods)using measured elements, allowed the definition of three speciesgroups from seventeen species at the beginning of study.
Verification of Engineering-Geological/Geotechnical Correlation Column and Reference Level of Correlation (RNK) Method by Observations in the Slip-Plane Zone
Authors:   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Jurak Vladimir , Ortolan Želimir A. ,   RNK – Geomod d.o.o., Slovenec Dragutin ,   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Mihalinec Zlatko A. ,   Civil Engineering Institute of Croatia, Zagreb
Published: April 2022

The engineering-geological/geotechnical correlation column can beestablished in zones of limited extent using one or several characteristiclayers, one of which is selected as the reference layer. TheReference Level of Correlation method, i.e. the RNK (Referentni nivokorelacije in Croatian) method, is a confirmed procedure enablingthe establishment of such columns. In the engineering geological/geotechnical correlation column, the plasticity index is the mostsignificant indicator of the peak friction angle, full-softening frictionangle and residual friction angle for coherent soils and soft rock formations.As a rule, maximum plasticity index values correspond to theminimum values of such friction angles. This opens up the possibilityof an exact engineering-geological/geotechnical model, with accuratedifferentiation of minimum shear strength zones, zones of differentpermeability, and zones of various degrees of natural compaction.This procedure was applied inter alia on the successfully improvedGranice landslide located in the Zagreb area, where it was proven thatelements for verification based on the RNK-method exist for all threeareas of investigation: sliding body – drain trench section – detail inthe central portion of the sliding zone. The procedure is recommendedas a means for finding solutions to similar problems.
Maximal green sequences for string algebras
Authors: Garver Alexander , Serhiyenko Khrystyna
Published: April 2022

Maximal green sequences are important objects in representation theory, cluster algebras, and string theory. The two fundamental questions about maximal green sequences are whether a given algebra admits such sequences and, if so, does it admit only finitely many. We study maximal green sequences in the case of string algebras and give sufficient conditions on the algebra that ensure an affirmative answer to these questions.
Характеризации $\sigma$-разрешимых конечных групп
Authors: Guo Wen Bin , Wan Zhigang , Safonova Inna Nikolaevna , Skiba Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: April 2022

Все рассматриваемые в данной статье группы конечны и
$G$ всегда обозначает конечную группу;
$\sigma$ - некоторое разбиение множества
всех простых чисел $\mathbb{P}$,
т.е. $\sigma=\{\sigma_{i} \mid i \in I\}$,
где $\mathbb{P}=\bigcup_{i \in I} \sigma_{i}$ и
$\sigma_{i} \cap \sigma_{j}=\varnothing$ для всех $i \ne j$.
Группа $G$ называется: $\sigma$-примарной,
если $G$ является $\sigma_{i}$-группой для некоторого $i=i(G)$;
$\sigma$-разрешимой, если каждый главный фактор $G$
является $\sigma$-примарным.
Множество подгрупп $\mathcal{H}$ группы $G$ называется
полным холловым $\sigma$-множеством $G$,
если каждый элемент $\ne 1$ множества $\mathcal{H}$ является
холловой $\sigma_{i}$-подгруппой $G$ для некоторого $i$
и $\mathcal{H}$ содержит в точности одну холлову
$\sigma_{i}$-подгруппу группы $G$ для всех $i$ таких,
что $\sigma_{i}\cap \pi(G)\ne \varnothing$.
Подгруппа $A$ группы $G$ называется
$K$-$\mathfrak{S}_{\sigma}$-субнормальной в $G$, если $G$ содержит
ряд подгрупп
$A=A_{0} \leqslant A_{1} \leqslant\cdots\leqslant A_{t}=G$ такой,
что либо $A_{i-1} \trianglelefteq A_{i}$, либо группа
$A_{i}/(A_{i-1})_{A_{i}}$ $\sigma$-разрешима
для всех $i=1,…,t$.
Мы говорим, что подгруппа $A$ группы $G$ является слабо
$K$-$\mathfrak{S}_{\sigma}$-субнормальной
в $G$, если $G$ содержит
$K$-$\mathfrak{S}_{\sigma}$-субнормальные подгруппы $S$ и
$T$ такие, что $G=AT$ и $A \cap T \leqslant S \leqslant A$.
В данной статье мы изучаем условия, при которых группа является
$\sigma$-разрешимой. В частности, мы доказываем,
что группа $G$ является $\sigma$-разрешимой тогда и только тогда,
когда выполняется хотя бы одно из следующих двух условий:
(i) $G$ имеет полное холлово $\sigma$-множество $\mathcal H$,
все элементы которого являются
слабо $K$-$\mathfrak{S}_{\sigma}$-субнормальными в $G$;
(ii) в каждой максимальной цепи подгрупп
$\cdots < M_{3} < M_{2} < M_{1} < M_{0}=G$ группы $G$
по крайней мере одна из подгрупп $M_{3}$, $M_{2}$, или $M_{1}$
является слабо $K$-$\mathfrak{S}_{\sigma}$-субнормальной в $G$.
Библиография: 32 названия.
О представлении соболевских систем, ортогональных относительно скалярного произведения с одной дискретной точкой
Authors: Magomed-Kasumov Magomedrasul Grozbekovich , Shakh-Emirov Tadgidin Nurmagomedovich
Published: April 2022

Получено представление систем функций $\Phi_1$,
ортогональных относительно скалярного произведения типа Соболева
с одной дискретной точкой, в терминах функций систем,
ортогональных в $L^2$. Исследованы вопросы полноты
системы $\Phi_1$. Изучены некоторые свойства систем функций,
полученных дифференцированием системы $\Phi_1$.
Библиография: 3 названия.
Обратные неравенства для субэллиптических функций
Authors: Klimov Vladimir Stepanovich
Published: April 2022

Изучается клин $\mathscr{K}(A)$ решений неравенства
$A(u) \geqslant 0$, где $A$ - линейный эллиптический оператор
порядка $2m$. Для элементов клина устанавливается
внутренняя оценка вида
$$
\|u;H_1^{2m}(\omega)\| \leqslant C(\omega,\Omega)\|u;L(\Omega)\|,
$$
где $\omega$ - компактная подобласть $\Omega$,
$H_1^{2 m}(\omega)$ - пространство Никольского, $L(\Omega)$ -
пространство Лебега суммируемых функций,
константа $C(\omega,\Omega)$ не зависит от функции $u$.
Аналогичные оценки вплоть до границы доказываются для функций
из $\mathscr{K}(A)$, удовлетворяющих краевым условиям.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Эллиптические уравнения со сдвигами общего вида в полупространстве
Authors: Muravnik Andrey Borisovich
Published: April 2022

Исследуется задача Дирихле в полупространстве
для эллиптических дифференциально-разностных уравнений
с операторами, представляющими собой суперпозиции
дифференциальных операторов и операторов сдвига.
В каждой из суперпозиций независимые тангенциальные
(пространственноподобные) переменные, по которым действуют
оператор второй производной и оператор сдвига, произвольны.
Для этой задачи устанавливается разрешимость
в смысле обобщенных функций,
строится интегральное представление решения
формулой пуассоновского типа,
доказывается его бесконечная гладкость вне граничной гиперплоскости
и его стремление к нулю (вместе со всеми его производными)
при стремлении времениподобной независимой переменной
к бесконечности.
Библиография: 20 названий.
On the Erd\H{o}s-P\'osa property for immersions and topological minors in tournaments
Authors: Bożyk Łukasz , Pilipczuk Michał
Published: April 2022

We consider the Erd\H{o}s-P\'osa property for immersions and topological
minors in tournaments. We prove that for every simple digraph $H$, $k\in
\mathbb{N}$, and tournament $T$, the following statements hold:
(i) If in $T$ one cannot find $k$ arc-disjoint immersion copies of $H$, then
there exists a set of $\mathcal{O}_H(k^3)$ arcs that intersects all immersion
copies of $H$ in $T$.
(ii) If in $T$ one cannot find $k$ vertex-disjoint topological minor copies
of $H$, then there exists a set of $\mathcal{O}_H(k\log k)$ vertices that
intersects all topological minor copies of $H$ in $T$.
This improves the results of Raymond [DMTCS '18], who proved similar
statements under the assumption that $H$ is strongly connected.