bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OUTCOME OF LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN AN ADULT KASHMIRI POPULATION: A PROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL BASED STUDY.
Authors:   , Dar Hanief , Mir Gowher Ahmad , Salro Aasim Shafi , Awan Naseer Ahmad , Ahmad Mufti Mehmood
Published: June 2023

Background: The prevalence of Gallbladder stones in India is 6.12 %. Metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for gallstones. Patients with Metabolic Syndrome seem to be at higher risk of having perioperative complications. Aim: This research aims to study the intraoperative and postoperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and associated mortality in patients with Metabolic syndrome.  Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Post Graduate Department of General Surgery, SMHS Hospital, Govt. Medical College, Srinagar on 52 patients with metabolic syndrome undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis from September 2020 to September 2022 following approval by an institutional ethical committee. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the standard four-port technique and hospital room setup.  Results: The female-to-male ratio in this study was 1.5:1. Hypertension was present in 48%,  Diabetes Mellitus in 32.69% of the patients, and Hypothyroidism in 19.23% of the patients. 47 out of 52 (90.3%) of the patients exceeded the waist circumference cut-off for metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria. 43 patients (82.6%) had Serum Triglyceride levels exceeding 150mg/dl or were on treatment for the same, HDL ≤ 40mg/dl in men and ≤ 50mg /dl in women was found in a total of 39 (75%) patients, a total of 28 patients (53.8%) had blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg or on antihypertensives. Blood Sugar ≥ 100mg/dl or on hypoglycemic drugs were 21 (40.3%) patients. A total of 2 patients (3.8%)were converted to conventional open cholecystectomy for difficult calots adhesions. 1 patient (1.9%) had a bile leak and 1 patient (1.9%) had post-operative bleeding, Port site hernia in 1 patient (1.9%) and 2 patients (3.8%) developed surgical site infection.  Conclusion:  Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is an effective procedure with excellent functional outcomes in patients with Metabolic Syndrome.
A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF OPEN PROSTATECTOMY IN A RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED SETTING.
Authors:   , Msibi Sifiso , Singh Avikar
Published: June 2023

Background:  Open prostatectomy is an important treatment modality for prostate disease in resource-constrained settings, where access to minimally invasive surgery is limited. We conducted a review of open prostatectomies at a South African hospital. Methods:  We reviewed the medical charts of 54 patients who underwent open prostatectomy at St. Aidan’s Hospital in South Africa between 2015 and 2019. Data collected for each patient included demographic characteristics, comorbidity, prostate-specific antigen measurements, prostate volume measurements, preoperative catheterisation, indication for surgery, surgical approach, duration of surgery, postoperative length of stay, histological findings, and postoperative Clavien-Dindo complications. We analyzed the collected data with descriptive statistics. Results:  The median age was 68.5 years old. Most patients were Black Africans (57.4%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (50.0%). Most patients (83.4%) had prostate-specific antigen levels of 10 ng/mL or less, and prostate volumes of 60-100 mL (57.4%). Preoperative catheterisation was common (77.8%). Lower urinary tract symptoms and failed medical therapy (74.1%) was the most frequent indication for surgery. All patients had surgery via the suprapubic approach, with surgery lasting >120 minutes for two-thirds of patients. Postoperative length of stay was 6-9 days for nearly half of the study sample (48.1%). Almost all patients had a histological diagnosis of benign prostate hyperplasia (94.4%). Postoperative complications were frequent and mostly minor (infection or blood transfusions). Conclusion: We confirm that open prostatectomy is still a relevant, safe, and effective method for managing prostate disease in resource-constrained settings. We recommend that open prostatectomy still be considered a primary treatment modality for prostate disease in developing countries until minimally invasive methods become more widely available.
Audio-vestibular signs in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Özata Güngör Özge , Kazkayası Mustafa , Aydın Gülümser , Onaran Zafer , Usta Gülşah , Kılıç Rahmi
Published: June 2023

Aims: The purpose of this study is to show audiovestibular signs in patients affected by the connective tissue diseases which include RA (rheumatoid arthritis) .
Methods: In our study, the study group included 30 RA patients and 30 patients included as control group which had no ear disorder. All patients had audiovestibular evaluations that include pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP).
Results: In RA group pure tone audiometry; air conduction at 500, 1000, 4000 Hz frequencies, bone conduction at 500, 4000 Hz frequencies were having more hearing loss than the control group. Tympanometry testing results showed that pressure and the gradient were increased in RA group compared with control group. In acoustic reflex test; the amplitude values were less than the control group at 500, 1000, 4000 Hz frequencies in RA group’s contralateral ear. When the RA group compared with control group in OAE testing, amplitüde values of TEOAE testing was decreased in RA group at 1000, 2000 Hz frequencies, and at 1000 Hz frequency, the amplitüde value was decreased in DPOAE testing. In VEMP testing; N1 latency amplitude was longer than the control group and P1N1 amplitude was shorter than the control group.
Conclusion: When the systemic effects and etiopathogenesis of RA was thought; it was concluded that and audiovestibular system may be affected by this way
Comparing the success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy with anterior flap versus flap excision in managing chronic dacryocystitis
Authors: Mansour Hosam Othman , Hassan Riad Elzaher , Tharwat Ehab , Fekry Elgazzar Akram , Abd El-Salam Mohammed Eid , Ramadan Ezzeldin Ezzeldin , Osman Hussein Mostafa , Elmahdy Ahmed Gomaa
Published: June 2023

Background: Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is characterized by epiphora and recurrent episodes of acute dacryocystitis. Despite the temporary effect of antibiotics in the acute phase, it is primarily managed by dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). There is a new modification of external DCR that is performed without either anterior or posterior flaps. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of flapless and single-flap external DCR in adult patients with chronic symptomatic dacryocystitis secondary to NLDO.

Methods: In this retrospective, non-randomized, interventional, comparative study of patients with chronic dacryocystitis secondary to primary acquired NLDO, we compared the surgical outcomes and complication rates of flapless external DCR to those of external DCR with only anterior flap suturing. We excluded patients who declined participation and those with soft stops, nasal problems, lid margin abnormalities, lid malposition or laxity, previous lacrimal surgery, lacrimal fistula, trauma involving the lacrimal drainage system, lack of adequate follow-up, or severe septal deviation or turbinate hypertrophy. Anatomical and functional success rates were determined at the last follow-up visit and were compared. Postoperative complications were recorded and compared between groups.

Results: We included 53 patients with a male-to-female ratio of 16 (30.2%) to 37 (69.8%); 25 eyes underwent flapless DCR (group 1) and 28 eyes underwent anterior flap suturing DCR (group 2). The two groups had comparable demographic characteristics (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, anatomical (92.0% in group 1 and 92.9% in group 2) and functional (84.0% in group 1 and 92.9% in group 2) success rates at final follow-up were comparable between groups (both P > 0.05). At the one-month postoperative examination, premature tube extrusion was more often reported in group 1 (12.0%) compared to group 2 (7.1%). At the two-month follow-up examination, tube extrusion was noted in 4.0% in group 1 and 0.0% in group 2, yet the difference failed to attain statistical significance (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: We found that neither surgical method was superior in terms of anatomical or functional success rate at a maximum of one year after external DCR. Flapless DCR is a simple, effective, and reproducible alternative to the single anterior flap suturing technique for managing NLDO in adults with chronic dacryocystitis. However, further randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are recommended before generalization can be justified.
Changes in anterior chamber biometry and intraocular pressure after uneventful phacoemulsification in non-glaucomatous eyes
Authors: Dawood Yousif Farhan , Issa Ammar Fouad , Mohammed Ali Sarmad Salah
Published: June 2023

Background: In non-glaucomatous eyes, many factors impact intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction following phacoemulsification. This study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in IOP and alterations in anterior chamber biometric measurements using the Pentacam Scheimpflug anterior segment imaging system before and after uneventful phacoemulsification in non-glaucomatous eyes.

Methods: This prospective interventional study included patients with ages of 20 – 80 years, no known systemic diseases, and visually significant cataracts necessitating phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The preoperative and two-month postoperative IOPs were measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and the iridocorneal angle (ICA) in four quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber volume (ACV) were measured using the Pentacam.

Results: Forty-two eyes of 42 patients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 56.8 (10.7) years were included; 22 (52%) were men and 20 (48%) were women. The eyes demonstrated statistically significant changes in postoperative IOP, ACD, ACV, and in widening of the ICA (all P < 0.05), with a mean (SD) IOP reduction of 4.5 (2.7) mmHg, ACD deepening of 0.7 (0.6) mm, ACV increase of 33.2 (21.1) mm3, and ICA widening of 7.5o (6.4o), 12.4o (7.7o), 9.1o (7.1o), and 11.5o (6.1o) in the superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants, respectively. A significant positive correlation was detected between pre- and postoperative IOP (r = + 0.58; P < 0.001) and between pre- and postoperative ACD (r = + 0.50; P < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were detected between preoperative ACV and changes in ACV (r = - 0.42; P < 0.001) and between preoperative ICA and changes in ICA (r = - 0.02; P = 0.001). However, no significant correlations were observed between the changes in IOP and patient age (r = + 0.001; P = 0.957) and axial length of the eye (r = + 0.13; P = 0.221), or changes in ICA (r = - 0.01; P = 0.945), ACD (r = + 0.01; P = 0.945), and ACV (r = - 0.12; P = 0.599).

Conclusions: We observed a significant reduction in IOP, widening of the ICA, and increases in ACD and ACV after phacoemulsification; however, there was no significant correlation between changes in IOP and other biometric variables. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanisms underlying these effects.
Radu Jude’s Satirical Studies of Male Rage and Self-Pity
Authors: Gorzo Andrei , Lazăr Veronica
Published: June 2023

The article discusses four Radu Jude films – the shorts Alexandra (2008) and It Can Pass Through the Wall (2014), the never released, 60-minute long A Film for Friends (2011), and Jude’s official second feature, Everybody in Our Family (2012) – grouping them together as satirical studies of male rage and self-pity, with elements of psychodrama.
Jurnalism științific. Cum a schimbat pandemia de Covid 19 raportul dintre jurnalism și știință?
Authors: Sălcudean Minodora
Published: June 2023

The pandemic crisis has made the relationship between journalism and science, particularly in the medical and public health spheres, more strained than ever. In an unexpected way, professional journalists have had to re-evaluate and filter information, data, opinions and consider the international scientific community and research findings. Studies show that health journalism becomes credible and responsible when it contextualises events and documents material based on experts, medical authorities, prestigious research institutions, studies validated by international evaluations, etc. The period of global health crisis has highlighted more than ever the role and responsibility of professional journalism, its reporting to relevant research sources and its inherent links to science. This theoretical article aims to highlight key concepts such as science journalism and to exemplify how they are reflected in Romanian health journalism practices.
Dincolo de un fenomen social: ia și valorificarea unui tipar identitar
Authors: Hulubaș Adina , Repciuc Ioana
Published: June 2023

The paper aims to explain the concept of “identity” by drawing the intricate cultural and political history of an important piece of the Romanian peasant attire. Involved and instrumentalized within various political and cultural identity programs, traditional clothing was exhibited by ethnographers, anthropologists, cultural activists for a long time as an identity landmark meant to display racial differences, national stereotypes, and social hierarchies. The Romanian peasant attire was thus transformed from a community internal practical and symbolical object to an ethnic and then national identity tool. More recently, the national project of inscribing the traditional Romanian female blouse with embroidery on the shoulder on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage is an opportunity for various stakeholders and promoters to reuse and commodify this clothing piece within their own cultural and commercial programs and to redefine and redesign the concept of “heritage community”.
Review of Temporality in Romanian Editions of The Stranger by Albert Camus
Authors: Maroiu Amelia-Diana
Published: June 2023

The Stranger novel, published in 1942 by Gallimard Publishing House, Paris, is a philosophical novel that shows the perspective of an absurd character, of the man alienated by himself and the others. From a linguistic perspective, what draws the attention in this novel is the construction of the speech regarding the expression of time. In this study we aim to analyse the manners in which temporality is expressed in the Romanian editions of The Stranger novel (editions of 1968 and 2019) from the perspective of Modes of Discourse, a theory broadly presented by Carlotta Smith in her study, Modes of Discourse (2003).
Creolizarea modernității
Authors: Parvulescu Anca , Boatcă Manuela
Published: June 2023

The article includes a preview excerpt, in Romanian, from the introduction of the book authored by Anca Pârvulescu and Manuela Boatcă, Creolizing the Modern: Transylvania across Empires, published by Cornell University Press in 2022. This volume espouses an inter-imperial approach focused on Transylvania and takes Liviu Rebreanuʼs canonical novel Ion as a case study.
“The vision of these monstrous deformities”: Rurality, Peripheral Capitalism, and Narrative Voice in Brazilian Fiction
Authors: Niblett Michael
Published: June 2023

The article debates the relationship between rurality, modernity, and the the dynamics of capital accumulation, with a particular focus on the Brazilian author Graciliano Ramosʼs novel São Bernardo. The main interest of this study is in exploring what happens when the narrative device of the voluble, domineering first-person narrator that various critics – such as Roberto Schwarz, Franco Moretti, or the members of the WReC – have identified as a frequent device in peripheral literary works – is transposed to Brazil’s own peripheries, its rural hinterlands.
Geographies of Capitalism in Romanian Postcommunist Literature and Film: Villages, Cities, Markets
Authors: Stan Adriana , Turcuș Claudiu
Published: June 2023

This article analyses the ways in which the rural – understood in its double nature, of traditional mythological space, and of degraded periphery of the urban – was both instrumentalized by the cultural and political discourses within Romanian postcommunism, and revealed as a symptomatic field in which the harsh economic realities of the post-1989 implementation of neoliberal capitalism in Eastern Europe became evident. The first part of the article describes how misplaced public policies during 1980s’ communism favoured the underdevelopment of the rural. Later, the process of transition encouraged both external migration, which depopulated Romanian villages, and the internal migration of the urban middle-class to an economically more secure rural area. The second part of the article analyses – from a materialist viewpoint – corresponding topics developed in Romanian contemporary literature and films (authored by Adrian Șchiop, Lavinia Braniște, Bogdan Mirică, and Radu Muntean). These works envision the rural/periurban as an asymmetrical geography, where violence toward the vulnerable is enacted, where the loss of community values leaves black markets flourish, and the capitalist dismantling of social ties becomes striking.
Conceptual foundations of simulation modeling of anthropogenic processes in the operation of electrical installations
Authors: Nikolsky Oleg , Faranosov Vadim , Surinsky Dmitry , Smolin Nikolay
Published: June 2023

Currently, automated systems for monitoring, diagnosing and managing anthropogenic processes in human-machine systems (HMS) are widely used in practice, which required the construction of scientifically based principles for creating the basis for decision support (DSS) with the participation of decision makers (DM) in the system. Accounting for the human factor is possible if there are tools for analyzing alternative options for the interaction of system components with different physical nature and means for measuring them in the structure of the HMS "Ch-E-S". At the same time, it is desirable to develop quantitative methods for predicting the behavior of the operator (electrical personnel) for possible threats of danger arising from the operation of electrical equipment at a production facility. In this case, simulation usually makes it possible to find effective solutions both during system design and at the stage of experimental and pilot checks. Keywords: LEAKAGE CURRENTS IN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS, MAN-MADE FIRES, THERMAL OVERLOAD, HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEM
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DELAYED PRESENTATION & MANAGEMENT OF SYMPTOMATIC BLADDER CANCER IN PAKISTAN: A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY
Authors: AZFAR ALI  , NABEEL SHAFI  , ASAD ALI SHAH  , BASIT MASOOD  , MOHAMMAD HASSAM KHALID  , IRSHAD ALI  , MUHAMMAD SAFDAR KHAN
Published: June 2023

Background: Carcinoma of bladder is a urological cancer which has the highest recurrence rate of any malignancy in Asia and America. In Pakistan bladder carcinoma is one of most common occurring cancer in men and number one urological malignancy in both sexes. Haematuria is the most common presentation of bladder cancer. Delay in treatment for bladder cancer resulted in in poor survival outcomes. Rationale of this study is to investigate the factors responsible for late presentation of symptomatic bladder cancer to a urologist, despite of alarming signs and symptoms. Materials and Methods: From 20-02-15 to 21-02-2017, A total number of 112 patients, 84 males, 28 females who presented first time for the treatment of bladder cancer and history of visible haematuria were enrolled and data was collected by researchers in Department of urology Services Hospital Lahore. Patient with recurrent bladder cancer and with history of XRT bladder were excluded. A proforma was filled which included personal details as age, education, social status, history of smoking, presenting complains, psycho-social barriers, time delay from symptom to definite treatment

Results: Out of 112 patients, 60(53.6%) were illiterate, 76(67.9%) belonged to rural areas, 79(70.5 %) belonged to low socio-economic status. 91(81%) males were smokers. 92.9% patients had history of multiple episodes of haeamturia. Median delay from first episode of haematuria to treatment (TURBT) was 118 (IQR 70-207)days, The main factors were for this patient delay were lack of awareness/ knowledge about disease in 68(60.7%).Delay due to General practitioner was 65.42±35 days in 76(67.8%) patients, while hospital delay was 13.3±7.27 days

Conclusion: Public education about bladder cancer with training of general physicians for early referral can prevent delayed presentation, resulting in prevention of disease's progression and mortality.
BREECH PRESENTATION: AN OVERVIEW OF PATIENTS VISITING SOUTHERAN PUNJAB
Authors: TAHIRA MALIK  , MAHWISH NAJAM
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to determine incidence of breech presentation, etiology, mode of delivery and fetal outcome.

Methodology: Retrospective cohort study was conducted in Sheikh Zayed Medical hospital, Rahim Yar Khan from period of January 2013 to December 2015. 685 patients with breech presentation in Southern Punjab were included in our study. Demographic data like age, parity, gestational age and previous mode of delivery was determined. Type of breech presentation was checked by ultrasonography. Etiology was determined for breech presentation. Mode of delivery in present pregnancy was determined in the form of vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Fetal outcome was compared in both groups.

Results: Incidence of extended breech was higher 98.9%, where flexed breech was in 6.5% and footling breech was in 3.5% of cases. Most of cases with breech presentation was in primigravida (303) 44.2%, 277 (40%) were multi and grand multiparous, 8.6% with preterm breech, 28 women(4%) breech presentation was found in first twin, fetal anomalies were in 1.45%, uterine anomalies in cases and placenta previa in 03 patients. 173 (25.2%) were delivered by vaginal breech delivery and 512 (74.7%) were delivered by lower segment cesarean section. Perinatal morbidity and mortality was lower in cesarean section group as compared to vaginal delivery group. But statistically there was no significant difference.

Conclusion: Proper selection of patient for mode of delivery will be helpful in improving fetomaternal outcome. Regular drills in maternity units will enhance expertise and in the presence of skilled personals vaginal breech delivery will be safe mode of delivery.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF URINARY PATHOGENS FROM CATHETERIZED PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: AMNA BUTT  , SANIA BUTT  , HASSAN SHOAIB  , HAMID MUKHTAR
Published: June 2023

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common nosocomial infection. Indwelling catheters are found to be strongly associated with UTIs. In present study a total of 110 catheterized patients from general wards and ICU of Mayo Hospital Lahore were investigated for their microbial evaluation. Out of 110 urine samples 80 cultured positive of which 25 developed UTI symptoms while 55 were not having UTI symptoms implying 23% acquired catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) while 50% developed asymptomatic bacterial colonization. Among the isolates 49% Escherichia coli, 14% Psuedomonas aeruginosa, 7% Staphylococcus aureus, 7% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10% Proteus species, 5% Enterobacter aerogens and 8% fungi and yeast were recovered. Out of 80 patients who were cultured positive 52 were females revealing high susceptibility of females towards acquiring UTI. 74% of patients were married showing higher rate in married. Prevalence of CAUTI was low in this hospital while asymptomatic colonization was 50%, duration of catheterization had strong influence on occurrence of infection as 36% with UTI were catheterized from 3 weeks and only 6% for 1-3 days. Socioeconomic status was not found to have major influence. Patients who needed to be catheterized for longer duration should be checked regularly for UTI symptoms to prevent complications that are life threatening and are difficult to treat.
COMPARE THE CLINICAL EFFICACY OF AZITHROMYCIN WITH CIPROFLOXACIN IN TREATMENT OF TYPHOID FEVER IN CHILDREN
Authors: FARYAD HUSSAIN  , ADEELA KHAN  , ZAINAB FATIMA  , ARIF ZAHEER  , AGHA SHABBIR ALI
Published: June 2023

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin with ciprofloxacin in treatment of typhoid fever in children.

Setting: The study was conducted in Paediatric department Lahore General Hospital/PGMI Lahore from 11-12-2012 to 11-02-2012

Methodology: After permission from hospital ethical committee and informed written consent taken from attendants of patients of inclusion criteria, data was collected on data collection Performa. Patients fulfilling the criteria were admitted in Paediatric department, Lahore General Hospital. Patients were divided by lottery method into two groups A and B. Group A was given ciprofloxacin 15mg/kg/dose BD orally for 7 days. Group B was given azithromycin 10mg/kg/dose OD orally for 7 days. Both groups were kept under close observation for 7 days. Monitoring of patient during stay was done by researcher. The cost of medicine was beard by hospital.

Results: In our study, 65%(n=65) in Group-A and 52%(n=52) in Group-B were between 3-8 years of age while 35%(n=35) in Group-A and 48%(n=48) in Group-B were between 9-14 years of age, mean+sd was calculated as 7.07+3.25 and 8.27+3.03 years respectively, 48%(n=48) in Group-A and 55%(n=55) in Group-B were male while 52%(n=52) in Group-A and 45%(n=45) in Group-B were females. Comparison of efficacy of oral azithromycin versus Ciprofloxacin in children with enteric fever shows that 72%(n=72) in Group-A and 85%(n=85) in Group-B were treated effectively, p value was calculated as 0.02 showing a significant difference.

Conclusion: We concluded that the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin is significantly higher when compared with ciprofloxacin in treatment of typhoid fever in children.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SECOND GENERATION ANTI HISTAMINE (Cetirizine Hydrochloride 10mg) ALONE VERSUS ANTIHISTAMINE IN COMBINATION WITH LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS (Montelukast Sodium 10mg) IN THE TREATMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Authors: MUHAMMAD ILYAS  , FASIHA TARIQ  , MAZHAR IFTIKHAR  , NAJAM UL HUSSNAIN KHAN
Published: June 2023

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa, induced by an immunoglobulin Emediated reaction in allergen-sensitized subjects. Allergen avoidance and pharmacotherapy are the cornerstones of allergic rhinitis management. Pharmacotherapy is individualized to the patient based on type of symptoms, their duration and severity, co-morbidities, response to prior treatment and patient preference. Classes of drugs used to treat allergic rhinitis include antihistamines, corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers, decongestants, nasal anticholinergics, and leukotriene-receptor antagonists.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the Second Generation Antihistamine (Cetirizine) alone versus Antihistamine with Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist-LTRA (Montelukast Sodium) in the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis AR.

Method: It was single blind hospital-based study in which 200 patients were included. The patients were divided into two equal groups (Group-A and Group-B). Group-A was treated with Cetirizine hydrochloride 10mg/day alone while Group-B was treated with Cetirizine hydrochloride 10mg/day along with Montelukast Sodium 10mg/day.

Results: Among 100 Group-A patients, 35.0% were 15-20 years old and among 100 Group-B patients, 34.0% were 15-20 years old. 57.0% Group-A and 55.0% Group-B patients had seasonal allergy. Among Group-A patients, 26.0% had nasal mucosa pale on revisit and 79.0% patients had any remarkable sedation with dispensed medicine. But among Group-B patients, only 5.0% had nasal mucosa pale and swollen on revisit and only 5.0% patients had any remarkable sedation with dispensed medicine.

Conclusion: Study concluded that combination of cetirizine hydrochloride 10mg/day & montelukast sodium 10mg/day is more efficacious in the treatment of allergic rhinitis than cetirizine hydrochloride 10mg/day alone.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL VS GLUCOSE CHALLENGE TEST IN DIAGNOSING GESTATIONAL DIABETES
Authors: ZAHRA SAFDAR  , AMNA SHAHID  , SHABNAM TARIQ  , SANA NAZIR
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of fasting blood sugar level and glucose challenge test for screening of gestational diabetes mellitus, taking oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as gold standard.

Design: This cross sectional study was carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,OPD of Unit-I, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore for a duration of six months from 1-1-2016 to30-6-2016 . The non-probability purposive sampling technique was used in this study. Women were asked to come on next day early in morning before breakfast with 12 hours fast. The fasting blood sample was obtained. Then women underwent 50 g non-fasting GCT(Glucose challenge ) test on the same day. In both tests, reports were assessed and noted. The patients were labeled as positive or negative for GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus). Then females received 75 g OGTT(Oral glucose tolerance test) one week later on next visit and gestational diabetes was confirmed by OGTT. Reports of gold standard were compared with diagnostic tests.

Results: In our study the sensitivity of FBS was 96.77% with specificity of 98.36%, PPV was 98.59%, NPV was 96.26% and diagnostic accuracy was 97.5% taking GTT as gold standard.-96+30. In this study the sensitivity of GCT was 97.7% with specificity of 98.36%, PPV was 98.6%, NPV was 97.3% and diagnostic accuracy was 98% taking GTT as gold standard.

Conclusion: This study results concluded that Fasting Blood Sugar is a highly accurate test, as is the glucose challenge test for screening of Gestational diabetes mellitus and can be done as a routine screening test as it is easy, one step and cost effective.
MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN FROM 6-59 MONTHS AT LGH
Authors: KHURRAM KHALIQ BHINDER  , AMEENA
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition in children below the age of 5 years is a significant problem and has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the most lethal form of malnutrition, indirectly or directly causes an annual death of at least 5 million children worldwide.

Study Design: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 6- 59 months.

Study Duration: The study was conducted from 15th April to 30th May, 2016 Objective: To assess prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.

Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 100 children aged 6-59 months from April 15th to May 30th, 2016 at Lahore General Hospital. Multistage sampling method was used to select the subjects. Anthropometric measurements and structured questioners were used. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors of malnutrition.

Results: The analysis this study revealed that 45 (45%) children were malnourished while 55 (55%) were normal. The main associated factors of malnourishment were found to be child age, family monthly income, and children were received butter as pre-lacteal feeding and family planning.

Conclusion: From the findings of this study, it is concluded that malnutrition is still an important problem among children aged 6-59 months. Therefore, especial attention should be given on intervention of malnutrition.
FREQUENCY OF COMPLETE ABORTION WITH INTRAVAGINAL MISOPROSTOL VERSUS EXTRA AMNIOTIC CATHETER IN TERMINATION OF SECOND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY
Authors: SALEEHA ABID  , FARZANA LATIF
Published: June 2023

Termination of pregnancy in Mid-trimester is one of the most controversial areas in gynecological practice. As a cause of maternal mortality, it is one of the major neglected health issues in Pakistan and it is the third major cause of maternal mortality in our country. The study aim was to establish safe and effective method for abortion in second trimester.

Objectives: The objectives of this study was to compare the frequency of complete abortion with intravaginal misoprostol versus extra amniotic catheter in termination of second trimester pregnancy.

Main outcome measure: It was the frequency of complete abortion in second trimester.

Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial

Setting: Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department, PGMI / AIMC/LGH, Lahore.

Subjects: Female patients of age range 18-35years with gestational age 13-20 weeks calculated through last menstrual period (LMP).

Duration: 6 months (1st November 2015 to 30th April 2016)

Methods: Two hundred ten patients were admitted from OPD of LGH. Informed consent. We randomly divided patients in equally two groups by lottery method. In group A, females were given misoprostol 600g vaginally followed by 400g eight hourly till expulsion of products or up to 48 hours(n=105). Group II, had Foley’s catheter traction and 1ml PGF2 alpha diluted in 19cc normal saline and 1cc/hr injected extra amniotically in control group (n=105), which was removed after expulsion of products of conception or after 24 hours. Women were observed for 48 hours for spontaneous expulsion of products.

Results: 210 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 27.50 years with standard deviation of 2.82 years with most of the patients in the age range 25-30 years. Most of women in the study group were multiparous (54.8%) with 52.9% of sample in gestational age range 17-20 weeks with mean gestational age 17.5 weeks. A total of 173 patients (82.4%) out the 210 patients included in the study had complete abortion as per the operational definition. No statistically significant difference was found when comparison was done with respect to age, gestational age and parity (p>0.05). Frequency of complete abortion was then compared in the study groups (misoprostol versus extra amniotic catheter). It was found that patients in the misoprostol group had significantly higher complete abortion rate as compared to those who were in the extra amniotic catheter group with a p value of 0.007.

Conclusion: This study showed that misoprostol results in significantly higher frequency of complete abortion in second trimester compared to extra amniotic catheter. So Misoprostol is a very effective, easily useable, safe and cheap drug for second trimester termination of pregnancy.
A percepção de risco dos bancos de investimento e os custos de emissão de ações
Authors: Farago Fabio Emanuel , Bortoloto Gabriela Troyano , Mouco Junior Emerson Aparecido , Cippiciani Felippe Aparecido
Published: June 2023

Os custos associados as emissões  de ações reduzem a acessibilidade das empresas ao mercado de capitais. Os bancos de investimento atuam como tomadores de risco colocando os títulos no mercado, cobrando para tanto, comissões bancárias. Este artigo objetiva analisar a influência da percepção de risco dos bancos de investimento sobre os custos de emissão de ações por meio do desenvolvimento de quatro proposições. Foi identificado que os indicadores financeiros, a transparência, a governança corporativa, a percepção de risco dos investidores e os riscos de mercado têm um papel relevante na avaliação dos riscos. As proposições possibilitam a ampliação dos debates e do conhecimento sobre o tema, auxiliando na formulação de estratégias de emissão com menores custos, ampliando, assim, a acessibilidade ao financiamento por emissão de ações, aumentando a atratividade do mercado de capitais e contribuindo com o desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI WEB “INPUT DATA UKURAN” PADA PERUSAHAAN EXPRESS TAILOR
Authors: Ash Shiddiqi Hafiizh
Published: June 2023

Proses perancangan web aplikasi Express Tailor hadir sebagai upaya mengatasi permasalahan jarak dan waktu dalam mengirimkan data ukuran konsumen kepada penyedia jasa, namun dalam proses pembuatanya pihak perusahaan tidak memiliki pendanaan untuk melakukan riset tampilan antarmuka. Hal ini melatarbelakangi untuk mencoba mengadaptasi tampilan aplikasi yang digunakan banyak orang seperti Google Drive, Google Mail, dan Yahoo Mail. Bentuk tampilan ini dipilih karena tampilan ini sudah digunakan lebih dari 15 tahun dan bentuk tampilan antarmuka ini tidak pernah dirubah serta masih digunakan hingga sekarang. Tujuan dari percobaan ini hadir adalah untuk membuktikan dugaan, bahwa dengan mengadaptasi tata letak tampilan antarmuka bertahun-tahun digunakan serta banyak pengguna yang familiar dalam bentuk tata letak tampilan antarmuka tersebut, membuat pengguna aplikasi dapat dengan mudah beradaptasi pada bentuk tampilan yang sama meskipun diimplementasikan pada aplikasi baru. Dengan mengetahui desain tampilan antarmuka tersebut mudah di adaptasi oleh pengguna, hal ini bisa digunakan untuk perusahaan lain yang ingin membuat aplikasi namun tidak memiliki banyak dana pengembangan dalam riset tampilan antar muka. Hasil dari pengujian tahap awal yang dilakukan pada perncangan ini adalah dengan mengadaptasi tampilan antarmuka yang sudah digunakan bertahun-tahun dapat membantu mempercepat pengguna dalam beradaptasi menggunakan aplikasi yang baru.
PERSEPSI VISUAL PENGUNJUNG TERHADAP PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN PADA RUANG DIORAMA 3 MUSEUM BENTENG VREDEBURG
Authors: Wiryanti Anindya Dewi
Published: June 2023

Pencahayaan merupakan elemen penting dalam tata pamer di dalam museum karena dapat mempengaruhi interaksi pengunjung terhadap ruangan dan benda pamer, sebab pencahayaan yang baik memungkinkan pengunjung dapat melihat benda pamer dan teks label/papan informasi tanpa halangan. Pencahayaan yang baik juga dapat mempengaruhi suasana hati pengunjung saat berkeliling di dalam ruang pamer. Sehingga, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan cahaya di dalam ruang pamer museum dapat mempengaruhi respon atau interaksi pengunjung terhadap ruang pamer dan benda koleksi yang terdapat di dalamnya melalui persepsi visual dari pengunjung museum, khususnya pada Museum Benteng Vredeburg Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan objek penelitian meliputi pencahayaan ruang dan benda koleksi, serta pencahayaan papan informasi pada lorong 1 dan lorong 2 ruang diorama 3 Museum Benteng Vredeburg. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari studi pustaka, observasi langsung, wawancara semi terstruktur dengan pengunjung sebagai narasumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jika para narasumber lebih banyak menanggapi respon dan memberikan solusi atas penyesuaian penggunaan pencahayaan dengan membandingkan penggunaan pencahayaan yang dirasa sudah sesuai pada ruang diorama lain. Pencahayaan yang digunakan pada masing-masing lorong juga dapat menghadirkan suatu pengalaman keruangan bagi seluruh narasumber. Namun, pada akhirnya penggunaan pencahayaan di dalam ruang diorama 3 Museum Benteng Vredeburg dinilai masih belum sesuai karena seharusnya fungsi pencahayaan di dalam ruang museum adalah sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan visual dan psikologis pengunjung serta mencerminkan museum dan benda pamer yang dipamerkan di dalam museum tersebut agar dapat menarik perhatian pengunjung untuk melihat benda-benda pamer.
NILAI ADAT ISTIADAT DALAM RITUAL SEBUKU PADA PROSESI PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT SUKU GAYO DI KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH
Authors: Ocktarizka Tria
Published: June 2023

Sebuku merupakan interaksi antara calon pengantin dan orangtuanya yang berisi nasihat-nasihat dengan gaya menangisi sambil berdendang. Sebuku menjadi langkah awal yang harus dilewati oleh calon mempelai agar nanti orangtua kedua mempelai menjadi tenang karena telah memberikan petuah bagi anak-anaknya. Dengan melakukan sebuku, masyarakat juga turut andil dalam mempertahankan nilai-nilai adat yang menjadi aturan bermasyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai adat masyarakat suku gayo yang tersirat dalam ritual sebuku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pendekatan tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjabarkan hal yang ditemukan di lapangan. Proses penelitian ini dilakukan dengan adanya studi kepustakaan, guna mengumpulkan dan menganalisis referensi-referensi yang berkaitan dengan masalah penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebuku secara keseluruhan merupakan representasi kesantunan seseorang yang masih memegang ketentuan adat agar terhindar dari sumang. Sumang adalah istilah yang berasal dari masyarakat suku gayo yang berarti hal tabu atau pantangan yang harus dihindari oleh setiap individu masyarakat. Orang yang melakukan sumang, dinilai tidak sopan, buruk, dan salah. Bahkan jika kita melakukan tindakan sumang maka perbuatan tersebut sangat memalukan bagi dirinya.
RE-BRAND IDENTITY SAMBEL NONA KHAS SIDOARJO SEBAGAI SARANA PROMOSI
Authors: Putra Angga Pradana
Published: June 2023

Perancangan ini berjudul Re-Brand Identity Sambel Nona Khas Sidoarjo Sebagai Sarana Promosi. Sambel Nona merupakan usaha rumahan dibidang kuliner, khususnya sambal yang memproduksi dengan berbagai macam menu varian sambal. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji merupakan brand identitas dari produk Sambel Nona tersebut tidak terciptanya identitas visual yang berkonsep, selain itu permasalahan yang didapatkan pada produk Sambel Nona merupakan kurangnya pengetahuan dalam mempromosikan produk itu sendiri. Maka dari itu perancang melakukan rebranding pada produk Sambel Nona, membuat inovasi dengan cara mendesain ulang dan serta merancang media yang diperlukan untuk mendukung kegiatan promosi produk dan meningkatkan eksistensinya. Metode yang digunakan pada perancangan ini yaitu metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer yang dilakukan meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan melalui tahapan studi literatur yang sesuai dengan topik perancangan. Analisis data yang diterapkan yaitu analisis SWOT. Hasil analisis data tersebut dilakukan untuk memahami konsep perancangan dasar desain, sehingga dapat menghasilkan ide desain baru yang bertujuan bisa meningkatkan efesiensi dan kualitas pada citra produk saat promosi. Hasil perancangan yang dihasilkan merupakan Orientasi pengembangan ide dalam perancangan visual re-brand identity yang terdiri atas media utama berupa logo beserta GSM, media promosi berupa kartu nama, brosur, spanduk, x-banner, poster, label kemasan. Selain itu terdapat media-media komunikasi visual penunjang seperti nota, neon box, amplop, kop surat dan marchendise.
LINGKARAN SEBAGAI FRAME DIMENSION FILM "I AM NOT MADAME BOVARY (2016)" KARYA FENG XIAOGANG
Authors: Fortunanda Driepuza Ryan
Published: June 2023

Frame dimension dalam sebuah karya seni dua dimensi adalah bidang pembatas karya seni itu sendiri dengan dunia luar atau galeri seni. Frame dimension menjadi sebuah ruang pembatas seniman untuk membingkai apapun yang diinginkan. Berbeda dengan karya seni dua dimensi lain, film dari dahulu selalu berbentuk kotak. Film I Am Not Madame Bovary (2016) dihadirkan dengan frame dimension yang berbeda dari film lainnya, yaitu menggunakan lingkaran secara dominan. Tidak hanya sebagai eksplorasi bentuk, pemilihan frame dimension lingkaran tentu mempunyai gagasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang gagasan dari pemilihan frame dimension lingkaran pada film tersebut. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Melalui metode ini data akan dianalisis lalu dijabarkan. Data diperoleh dari dua aspek film, yaitu sinematik dan naratif. Sinematik dilihat dari segi mise-en-scene dan aspek naratif diketahui dari cerita film. Pada awal film menunjukan sebuah fragmen dari sebuah cerita digambarkan dengan lukisan Cina lama. Analisis berdasarkan awal film menunjukan petunjuk dari gagasan pemilihan frame dimension lingkaran, yaitu mengenai zaman Dinasti Song. Pengetahuan mengenai sejarah Dinasti Song khususnya lukisan-lukisannya sangat diperlukan pada penelitian ini. Bagaimana keterkaitan antara dua hal tersebut, yaitu film I Am Not Madame Bovary (2016) dan zaman Dinasti Song. sehingga mempengaruhi gagasan dari pemilihan frame dimension lingkaran.
MODEL PENGELOLAAN PADA SANGGAR SENI INDAH DI MATO DALAM MELESTARIKAN SENI PERTUNJUKAN MINANGKABAU
Authors: Arisyi Dani Fajrul
Published: June 2023

Budaya kesenian khususnya seni petunjukan patut dilestarikan. Model tata kelola sangat dibutuhkan dalam melestarikan seni pertunjukan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis serta mengkaji model tata kelola yang digunakan pada Sanggar Seni Indah di Mato dalam melestarikan seni pertunjukan tradisional. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Objek penelitian yaitu Sanggar Seni Indah di Mato. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah Mia Famiati yang menjabat sebagai wakil ketua pada Sanggar Seni Indah di Mato. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan melakukan wawancara dan observasi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Sanggar Seni Indah di Mato memberikan kelas pelatihan, membuat tari-tarian kreaasi, memberikan alternatif untuk siswa mengikuti festival tradisional, dan membuat lomba seni pertunjukan tradisional. Dalam pelestariannya, sanggar ini tetap mengembangkan budaya seni pertunjukan dengan tidak meninggalkan ketradisiannya. Sanggar ini juga selalu berkreasi untuk mencoba hal-hal baru agar sanggar tersebut berkembang dan semakin maju. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan teori manajemen sebagai acuan penelitian. Terdapat 4 fungsi manajemen yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, dan pengendalian.
12 PRINSIP ANIMASI PADA GERAK KARAKTER SKELETAL ANIMATION “ACHOO”
Authors: Rahmi Anis
Published: June 2023

Karakter animasi merupakan seni menyajikan dan membuat tokoh tertentu bergerak dan dengan ciri dan karakteristik di layar dalam konteks 2D atau 3D. Hal tersebut menimbulkan kesulitan animator saat bekerja menggambungkan banyak gambar untuk mewujudkan suatu karakter bergerak, berpikir, berperilaku muncul secara konsisten di layar. Skeletal Animation membantu animator untuk memecahkan masalah kerumitan ketika menggerakkan bagian-bagian potongan gambar, mengontrol perubahan bentuk gambar dengan bantuan algoritma komputer yang menunjukkan pose gerak serta mengurangi kebutuhan memori pada komputer terkait kebutuhan untuk menggerakan gambar dalam jumlah yang banyak. Ilusi gerak suatu karakter tokoh tidak hanya menganut aturan hukum dasar fisika, tetapi juga berurusan dengan masalah waktu pengerjaan, reaksi emosional tokoh dan daya tarik karakter yang diatur dalam 12 prinsip dasar animasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian berupa evaluasi deskriptif yang diperoleh dari narasumber yang berprofesi sebagai animator senior studio animasi di Batam yang memberikan evaluasi gerak tokoh film animasi pendek berjudul “Achoo” yang menerapkan teknik skeletal animation pada gerak 2 karakter berwujud manusia dan 1 tokoh mikroba yang hidup dan bergerak seperti memiliki kepribadian seorang manusia.
Riset sebagai Pendukung Eestetis pada Film Pendek “AKDP (Antar Kota Dalam Provinsi)”
Authors: Primadani Eka Wahyu
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini mengulas tentang proses riset pra-produksi film “AKDP (Antar Kota dalam Provinsi)”. Riset difungsikan sebagai bentuk proses penemuan dan interpretasi sutradara terhadap konsep estetik dalam menyusun skenario film, serta pembentukan mise-en-scene, sinematografi dan editing film berdasarkan gaya neorealisme. Gaya neorealisme dipilih sebagai karakter dalam produksi film AKDP bertujuan untuk mendekatkan film kepada penonton. Karena neorealisme dianggap sebagai gaya sinema yang paling menggambarkan realitas, sederhana dan sesuai dengan kehidupan masyarakat kelas bawah. Sehingga pascaproduksi, nilai estetis yang diterapkan dalam produksi film AKDP dapat disalurkan kepada penonton melalui program penanyangan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa film AKDP dapat memberikan pengalaman estetis bagi sutradara ketika mengamati berbagai kesan ekspresi para penonton saat menikmati film AKDP dari berbagai latar belakang kelas sosial.