bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes about police and race in the United States 2020–2021: Mean-level trends and associations with political attitudes, psychiatric problems, and COVID-19 outcomes
Authors: Vitro Catherine , Clark D. Angus , Sherman Carter , Heitzeg Mary M. , Hicks Brian M.
Published: July 2022

The murder of George Floyd and subsequent mass protest movement in the summer of 2020 brought policing, race, and police brutality to the forefront of American political discourse. We examined mean-levels of attitudes about police and race using online surveys administered at five time points from June 2020 to October 2021 (n~ 1000 at each wave) to adults living in the United States. There was a small increase in pro-police attitudes over this time (d= .24), and some evidence that mean-levels of pro-police attitudes increased more for Black participants (d= .51) than White participants (d= .20), and more for Democrats (d= .40) than Republicans (d= .15). Pro-police attitudes were much lower among Black participants than White participants (meand= -1.04), and–relative to political independents–lower among Democrats (meand= -.66) and higher among Republicans (meand= .72). Pro-police attitudes had large associations with a variety of conservative or right-wing political attitudes (e.g., approval of Donald Trump) and COVID-19 variables (e.g., disapproval of government mandates and restrictions), but were unrelated to psychiatric problems and substance use. These results validate a new measure of police attitudes, provide information on trends in police attitudes over the 15 months following the largest mass protests against police brutality in American history, and begin to establish the nomological network of police attitudes, finding that pro-police attitudes are firmly within the right-wing coalition of American politics.
Iron overload phenotypes and HFE genotypes in white hemochromatosis and iron overload screening study participants without HFE p.C282Y/p.C282Y
Authors: Barton James C. , Barton J. Clayborn , Acton Ronald T.
Published: July 2022

Background

Screening program participants with iron overload (IO) phenotypes withoutHFEp.C282Y/p.C282Y are incompletely characterized.

Methods

We studied white participants who had IO phenotypes without p.C282Y/p.C282Y in post-screening clinical examinations (CE). We defined IO phenotypes as a) elevated serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin saturation (TS) at screening and CE, and b) absence of IO treatment, anemia, transfusion >10 units, alcohol intake >30 g/d, hepatitis B or C, and pregnancy. We defined IO-related disease as elevated alanine or aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) or swelling/tenderness of 2nd/3rd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. All participants hadHFEp.C282Y and p.H63D genotyping.

Results

There were 32 men and 26 women (mean age 54±16 y). Median food/supplemental iron intakes were 14.3/0.0 mg/d. Relative risks ofHFEgenotypes were 12.9 (p.C282Y/p.H63D), 3.0 (p.H63D/p.H63D), 1.9 (p.C282Y/wt), 0.9 (p.H63D/wt), and 0.5 (wt/wt) compared to 42,640 white screening participants without IO phenotypes or p.C282Y/p.C282Y. Regression on SF revealed positive associations: MCV (p = 0.0006; β coefficient = 0.4531); swelling/tenderness of MCP joints (p = 0.0033; β = 0.3455); and p.H63D/wt (p = 0.0015; β = 0.4146). IO-related disease (18 elevated ALT/AST, one swelling/tenderness of MCP joints) occurred in 19 participants (7 men, 12 women). Median MCV was higher in participants with IO-related disease (97 fL vs. 94 fL; p = 0.0007). Logistic regression on IO-related disease revealed a significant association with diabetes (p = 0.0416; odds ratio 18.9 (95% confidence interval 1.0, 341.1)).

Conclusions

In the present 58 screening program participants who had IO phenotypes withoutHFEp.C282Y/p.C282Y, relative risks ofHFEgenotypes p.C282Y/p.H63D, p.H63D/p.H63D, and p.C282Y/wt were significantly higher than in 42,640 white screening participants with neither IO phenotypes nor p.C282Y/p.C282Y. SF was significantly associated with MCV, swelling/tenderness of 2nd/3rd MCP joints, and p.H63D/wt. IO-related disease was significantly associated with MCV and diabetes.
Micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Awoke Mahider , Menber Yonatan , Desyibelew Hanna Demelash , Dagne Samuel , Tadesse Tewodros , Wassihun Yosef
Published: July 2022

Background

Inadequate intake of micronutrients in lactating women was prevalent worldwide. In particular, to our knowledge, there has been little report concerning Ethiopian lactating women regarding their micronutrient intake. Our objective was to assess micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.

Methods

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to March 05, 2021. Four hundred thirteen respondents were selected through systematic random sampling. Data were collected by interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and a single multiphasic 24 hours dietary recall was used to assess dietary assessment. Data entry and analysis were carried out using EpiData and SPSS respectively. The ESHA food processor, Ethiopian food composition table, and world food composition table have used the calculation of nutrient values of the selected micronutrient. The nutrient intakes were assessed by Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy.

Result

The overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy across 12 nutrients was 39.9% [95% CI (34.9, 45.0)]. The inadequate intake of vitamin A was 98.2%. Similarly, the inadequate intake of B vitamins ranges from 13.4% to 68.5%. The insufficient intakes of calcium, iron, and zinc were 70.9%, 0%, and 4.7%, respectively. Around 36 and 91.6% of the respondents had inadequate intake of selenium and sodium, respectively. On multivariable logistic regression analysis; Being divorced was 2.7 times more likely to have overall micronutrient intake inadequacy than being married [AOR = 2.71, 95% CI (1.01, 7.33)]. The odds of overall micronutrient intake inadequacy were 2.6 higher in merchants than in housewives [AOR = 2.63, 95% CI (1.40, 4.93)]. Lactating women who had poor nutritional knowledge were 2.7 times more likely to have overall micronutrient intake inadequacy than those who had good nutritional knowledge [AOR = 2.71, 95% CI (1.47, 4.99)].

Conclusion and recommendation

Overall, the micronutrient intake in lactating women was lower than the recommended levels. Therefore; educating lactating women about appropriate dietary intake is essential.
High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Karaganda, Kazakhstan before the launch of COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Kadyrova Irina , Yegorov Sergey , Negmetzhanov Baurzhan , Kolesnikova Yevgeniya , Kolesnichenko Svetlana , Korshukov Ilya , Akhmaltdinova Lyudmila , Vazenmiller Dmitriy , Stupina Yelena , Kabildina Naylya , Ashimova Assem , Raimbekova Aigul , Turmukhambetova Anar , Miller Matthew S. , Hortelano Gonzalo , Babenko Dmitriy
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 exposure in Central Asia appears underestimated and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data are urgently needed to inform ongoing vaccination efforts and other strategies to mitigate the regional pandemic. Here, in a pilot serologic study we assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody-mediated immunity in a multi-ethnic cohort of public university employees in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. Asymptomatic subjects (n = 100) were recruited prior to their first COVID-19 vaccination. Questionnaires were administered to capture a range of demographic and clinical characteristics. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR testing. Serological assays were performed to detect spike (S)-reactive IgG and IgA and to assess virus neutralization. Pre-pandemic samples were used to validate the assay positivity thresholds. S-IgG and -IgA seropositivity rates among SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative participants (n = 100) were 42% (95% CI [32.2–52.3]) and 59% (95% CI [48.8–69.0]), respectively, and 64% (95% CI [53.4–73.1]) of the cohort tested positive for at least one of the antibodies. S-IgG titres correlated with virus neutralization activity, detectable in 49% of the tested subset with prior COVID-19 history. Serologically confirmed history of COVID-19 was associated with Kazakh ethnicity, but not with other ethnic minorities present in the cohort, and self-reported history of respiratory illness since March 2020. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 exposure in this cohort was ~15-fold higher compared to the reported all-time national and regional COVID-19 prevalence, consistent with recent studies of excess infection and death in Kazakhstan. Continuous serological surveillance provides important insights into COVID-19 transmission dynamics and may be used to better inform the regional public health response.
Sewing the self: Art, needlework and Liu Beili’s intersectional identity
Authors: Zhao Xing
Published: July 2022

As a Chinese-born woman living in the United States, Liu Beili is aware of the structurally, politically and representationally formulated intersectionality based on her national origin, ethnicity, language, gender and other factors. As a high-profile artist, Liu’s multimodal, polysemous and intermedial art reflects on the nuance that provides for understanding an intersectional immigrant’s sociocultural experience. Liu analogizes her femininity to water, which is resilient, and regards her art practices as the way to ‘better understand how migration and diaspora impact human experience through encounters and separations, displacements and assimilations, the intimacy of memories, and the gravity of time’. This article scrutinizes Liu’s relational art, social participation and civic engagement by focusing on three pieces of performance-based projects, all involving the traditionally feminine task of sewing. Through the simple act of sewing, Liu investigates multiple experiential discourses on the intersectional community: oppression, repression, displacement, disempowerment, self-empowerment, communication and reconciliation.
Mapping the urban conditions in the digital age, one building at a time: A case of A Little Bit of Beijing
Authors: Lin Wen
Published: July 2022

This article provides a close reading of a book entitledA Little Bit of Beijingpublished in 2013, which has been well received by the Chinese public. The book presents detailed and meticulous architectural style diagrams, comic strips and panoramic drawings of three urban districts in Beijing. These visualizations provide evocative depictions of the buildings along with their interior spaces in these urban areas, calling for more attention to the role of ‘ordinary’ buildings of small shops in understanding these urban neighbourhoods. In this article, I analyse this book project with a focus on its visualizations through two dimensions: understanding the urban conditions that shape and are visualized by these visualizations and understanding the visualizations as a form of mapping. For the first dimension, I argue that the urban conditions underpinning, and depicted by,A Little Bit of Beijingresonate with the notion of ‘messy urbanism’. For the second dimension, I contend thatA Little Bit of Beijingconstitutes a form of slow mapping. Viewed from these two dimensions, these visualizations show subversive possibilities in addressing urban transformation issues in China as well as questioning the more conventional ways of mapping urban spaces.
Fear, funding and fans: Rolé Carioca’s walking tours and infrastructures of flânerie
Authors: Adams Victoria
Published: July 2022

Since 2013, the cultural–historical project Rolé Carioca has encouraged residents of Rio de Janeiro to reconnect with their city. Focusing on the project’s walking tours, this article examines how Rolé Carioca navigates a neo-liberal context to encourage residents of Rio to return to the street from the fortified enclaves to which they have retreated for business, leisure and housing and to visit long-denigrated areas of the city, such as its suburbs. This article elucidates the infrastructures Rolé Carioca uses to transform areas of Rio into sites of leisure for its walking tour participants. It argues that the project pursues its aims by encouraging participants to engage with their city in ways akin to, but subtly different from the flâneurs of the nineteenth century. It also probes the history and paradoxes of the means by which Rolé Carioca seeks to reconnect those who attend its events with Rio.
Webrooming és showrooming Magyarországon : Omnichannel vásárlói magatartás a sportcikkek piacán
Authors: Nagy Ákos , Németh Péter , Kemény Ildikó , Szűcs Krisztián
Published: July 2022

Customers’ purchase processes have become dynamic and digital. On the retailers’ side, there are endless opportunities and means to combine different channels and contact points to provide a seamless customer experience. The authors focused on omnichannel shopper behaviour across channels in the product category of sporting goods. This research assesses the prevalence of two behaviours: webrooming and showrooming. Results of a CAWI survey with 1000 respondents show that webrooming is the most preferred customer journey type, which means that respondents like looking for information on the Internet, but prefer to use the physical stores for purchasing goods. Furthermore, five major shopper segments could be identified, where omni-shoppers are present and prefer both webrooming and showrooming. These customers are at the core of future retail and their preferences and characteristics are important not only for academic, but also for practical reasons.
The Effects of Rohingya Refugees from Myanmar on Low-Skilled Wages in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh
Authors: Khatri Gaurav
Published: July 2022

On the 25th of August 2017, the military of Myanmar initiated a large-scale genocide of Rohingya Muslims living in the country’s Rakhine region. Over 650,000 Rohingya fled Myanmar and sought refuge in Southern Bangladesh in August and September of 2017, with over 90% of them settling in the latter nation’s Chittagong division (UNHRC, 2021). This constituted an approximately 3% rise in the population of Chittagong, with the figure being over 30% for districts within Chittagong with particularly high refugee populations such as Cox’s Bazaar (IFPRI, 2019). This paper employs difference-in-differences regression analysis to investigate how this influx – and the associated increase in labour supply – impacted the wages of low-skilled workers in Chittagong. It is found that the crisis did not depress wages in the region.
Racial Hate Crime and COVID-19: A Multinomial Choice Study in the US
Authors: Li Yiang , Zhou Xingzuo , Zhu Tianning , Guo Xiaoyu
Published: July 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a dual shock to the economy and health system, the sentiments of uncertainty and insecurity have exacerbated the racial inequalities in the United States - contributing to the rise of antagonistic racial tension. Using hate crime data published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), this study implemented a Multinomial Logistic Regression to analyse the marginal probability of different races committing hate crimes. It is found that all races except for African Americans tend to target African Americans as victims of a racial hate crime. This study reveals the racial inequality and discrimination that existed in the United States, providing policymakers and public activists with evidence and direction to make efforts.
Income-based Segregation in Urban Areas: Framework for a Complex-Systems Approach
Authors: Sridhar Suraj
Published: July 2022

Income-based segregation is a fundamentally complex phenomenon. Though it can be analytically studied, developing an agent-based model allows us to study segregation at several levels of aggregation – to better understand the interactions that take place in between the micro- and macro- levels that lead to the pattern of segregation observed in modern cities. The spatial agent-based model of the housing market developed in this paper gives a foundation which can be built upon to tackle some of the key problems present in existing literature. We test the model to find that the degree to which households are willing to spend on rent relative to other expenditure and the extremity of variation of this degree in the population give rise to different patterns of segregation observed in the housing market. We assume a rental-only market, and that agents’ incomes are locally spent. A section on guidance for further development and extension of the model is then presented.
Do Wealthy States in the USA Have a Disproportionate Advantage in Generating Renewable Energy?
Authors: Roy Abishek
Published: July 2022

This paper tries to establish some causal connection between per capita income and the percentage of renewable energy generated by a state in the US, through the course of 2000-2018. The literature on relations between different macroeconomic factors and renewable energy indicate reverse causality. Moreover, there is not much consensus on whether wealthier states and countries truly have an edge over other countries other than financial and investment ability. Hence, this paper tries to establish a relation between per capita income and renewable energy generation in the context of the USA. Granger Causality was used to establish causal links between the per capita income and the percentage of energy generated by different states that is derived from renewable sources. For states without bidirectional causality, fixed effects regression indicated a statistically significant positive relation between Per Capita Income and renewable energy – a $100 increase in per capita income was associated with a 0.04% increase in the percentage of total energy of a state derived from renewable sources. This points at potential disparities between wealthy and poorer states and adds to the argument of providing more regulatory, financial, and technological aid to poorer states in order to reduce their reliance on non-renewables.
From Preference to Policy: Wealth, Institutions of Government, and the Search for Democracy
Authors: Siegel Nolan
Published: July 2022

What is the nature of substantive representation within American institutions of government, and to what extent do constituents’ preferences turn into adopted policy? To answer these questions, I analyze data on federal policies proposed between 1964 and 2006 and constituents’ support for them by running a series of linear probability models to estimate the chance of policy adoption as a function of constituent support. I find the president is more responsive to constituents than Congress, and high-income constituents’ preferences – but not those of median- and low-income constituents – are significantly correlated with policies adopted by both Congress and the president.
La clase de ciudadanía como un escenario de aprendizaje y espera
Authors: Hernández Andrés E.
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo se propone revisar y profundizar algunas líneas de análisis acerca de los modos de habitar las aulas, en tanto experiencias de aprendizaje y de formación ciudadana. Luego de recuperar parte de las reflexiones académicas acerca del tiempo escolar, se busca incorporar al análisis la categoría de espera, como un modo de hacer visibles los procesos y las experiencias de poder y dominación que tienen lugar de modo cotidiano en las aulas. Para ello se apela al método etnográfico, como una pieza clave en el esfuerzo por superar algunas de las antinomias que hoy se debaten en el campo de la investigación educativa. Las reflexiones aquí esgrimidas se sustentan en el trabajo de campo realizado a partir de un estudio de casos en escuelas secundarias de Argentina.
Desigualdades educativas y socioespaciales en la educación secundaria en Argentina: aportes para la identificación de circuitos educativos en los departamentos de la provincia de Chaco
Authors: Sassera Jorgelina Silvia
Published: July 2022

Una manifestación de la segmentación socioeducativa es la conformación de circuitos, trayectos o grupos de instituciones educativas con características diferenciales a los que acceden de manera desigual las clases sociales. El artículo explora la existencia de circuitos de la educación secundaria con una perspectiva territorial en la provincia argentina de Chaco, y propone avanzar en el estudio de las desigualdades educativas con una desagregación mayor a los niveles nacional, regional y provincial.

La identificación de los circuitos, es realizada según las características socioeconómicas de los estudiantes, las disparidades en las trayectorias escolares, y las condiciones materiales de escolarización; a tal fin se articularon distintas fuentes de información nacionales y provinciales que fueron estudiadas con un análisis multidimensional.

El análisis permitió identificar a los estudiantes que acceden a los cinco circuitos reconstruidos, y la existencia de segregación según nivel socioeconómico, las disparidades en el acceso y permanencia de los adolescentes, y la desigualdad en los logros en los aprendizajes según el circuito. Un acercamiento a la localización departamental, permitió explorar una posible relación entre la situación de las condiciones de vida de las áreas y las mayores o menores ventajas materiales de las escuelas secundarias según circuito.
Estrategias didácticas en Tecnología Educativa: simulación y trabajo colaborativo en la formación universitaria de grado
Authors: Moreyra Mara Elisabet , Romero María Nazareth , Núñez Patricia Mónica
Published: July 2022

El contexto de pandemia Covid–19 y la emergencia de medidas sanitarias impactaron fuertemente en el sistema educativo, en general. Particularmente, en la universidad las prácticas de enseñanza presenciales debieron trasladarse a la virtualidad de manera inmediata, adquiriendo rasgos de la enseñanza remota de emergencia. 

En el escrito se socializa una experiencia pedagógica correspondiente a la asignatura Tecnología Educativa de la Facultad de Humanidades de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE). La misma se desplegó en tres etapas concatenadas que apuntaban al montaje de planificaciones didácticas en aulas virtuales. Se destaca para su análisis, las estrategias didácticas transversales, la simulación en entornos virtuales y el trabajo colaborativo disciplinario e interdisciplinario, con sus contribuciones en la formación profesional docente. 

Ideas clave que emergieron del análisis de encuestas realizadas a los estudiantes hacia el final de la cursada en las cuales se valoraron dichas estrategias. Las conclusiones iniciales dan cuenta de la relevancia que adquieren este tipo de estrategias didácticas para la formación docente ya que permite situar a los estudiantes, futuros profesionales, en el contexto de práctica real y en la toma decisiones para la resolución de situaciones problemáticas emergentes.
Liderazgo gremial y género en el campo argentino: historia de vida de la primera coordinadora nacional de las Mujeres Federadas Argentinas
Authors: Muro María Marta
Published: July 2022

El escrito se propone recorrer la historia de vida de la primera coordinadora nacional de las Mujeres Federadas Argentinas a la par de algunos hitos en la institución de la que forma parte, la Federación Agraria Argentina. A través de un recorrido biográfico se repone la historia de Susana Olego, y se propone una reflexión sobre el modo en que las mujeres rurales delinearon la agenda pública e institucionalizaron sus apuestas en el órgano que las reunió en la institución. Se busca reconstruir tanto la “vida privada” de la protagonista, que va desde sus prácticas a sus sentimientos y sus vínculos familiares, como su trayectoria educativa, laboral, político gremial sin perder de vista los marcos institucionales y contextuales en que se desarrolla su vida, lo que permite mostrar una trama íntima y comprometida de mujeres que se movilizaron para generar cambios sustantivos en espacios donde estaban invisibilizadas, como lo es el rural.
DERIVATIVES IN THE MEAN OF RANDOM PROCESSES AND DIFFUSION MODELS IN ECONOMICS
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Kordyumov G.D.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to diffusion models. The authors discuss the theoretical and methodological foundations of diffusion models in financial mathematics. Like the economic system, the modern world is developing rapidly. It seems impossible to predict what will happen tomorrow, how the emergence of new technologies will affect the market, and how changes in random factors will affect the product and the market as a whole. Diffusion models are one of the main methods for studying economic objects and processes. This is why it is so important to develop a diffusion model. The authors propose extending the applicability of the models by passing from Itô type stochastic equations to equations with so-called derivatives in the mean. For this, following E. Nelson, the authors introduce the concept of derivatives in the mean on the right and on the left. The equation with the derivative in the mean does not involve the Wiener process, therefore, it is not assumed in advance that the solution is diffusional. The article describes some well-known diffusion models, in which the transition from equations like an Itô type stochastic differential equation to equations satisfying a system of equations with derivatives in the mean leads to an expansion of the set of possible solutions. The authors also consider a generalization of geometric Brownian motion that satisfies a system of stochastic equations with derivatives in the mean and can cover a wider class of problems.
ON A PROBLEM OF DETERMINING THE RIGHT-HAND SIDE OF THE PARTIAL INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Authors:   Osh State University, Mamytov A.O.
Published: July 2022

As it is known, in the inverse problem, apart from the sought-for “basic” solution of the problem (i. e., the solution of the direct problem), the components of the direct problem are unknown. It is required to find these unknown components, so they will be also included in the solution of the inverse problem. To determine these components in the inverse problem, some additional information on the solution of the direct problem is added to the given equations. The additional information is called the inverse problem data. In the proposed article, the specific fourth-order partial integro-differential equation with the known initial and boundary conditions is considered. For simplicity, the homogeneous boundary conditions have been examined, since with the help of a linear transformation, the always inhomogeneous boundary conditions can be reduced to the homogeneous ones. The right-hand side of the equation contains n unknown functions: φi(t), i = 1,2,…,n.. To determine these unknown functions: φi(t), i = 1,2,…,n in the inverse problem there is additional information on the solution of the direct problem, i.e., the values of the sought-for “basic” solution to the problem in the inner segments of the investigated region are known, i. e., u(t,xi) = gi(t), t∈[0,T], xi∈ (0,1), i = 1,2,…,n. The problem is investigated in a rectangle located in the first quarter of the Cartesian coordinate system. To solve the inverse problem, an algorithm has been elaborated and sufficient conditions for the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the inverse problem for the restoration of the right-hand side in a fourth-order partial integrodifferential equation have been found. When solving the inverse problem, the methods of transformations, Green's function, solutions of systems of linear Volterra integral equations have been used. As a result, the inverse problem has been reduced to a system of (n + 1) linear Volterra integral equations of the second kind, the solution of which for small 0 < T exists and is unique. The considered inverse problem can be called the inverse source problem.
BIFURCATIONS OF A POLYCYCLE FORMED BY TWO SEPARATRIX LOOPS OF A NON–ROUGH SADDLE OF A DYNAMICAL SYSTEM WITH CENTRAL SYMMETR
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Technical University, Roitenberg V.Sh.
Published: July 2022

A family of smooth dynamical systems defined on the plane and depending on a two-dimensional parameter varying in a neighborhood of zero is considered. All systems of the family are assumed to be invariant under a symmetry transformation about the origin. At zero value of the parameter, the dynamical system has the simplest non-rough saddle, both outgoing separatrixes of which go to the same saddle, forming two loops. The polycycle “eight”, consisting of the loops, is an attractor of this system. It has a neighborhood U, at the boundary points of which all trajectories of systems of the family with parameters close to zero enter U. Under the condition of general position, bifurcations in the neighborhood U of the polycycle are described when the parameter changes. The values of the parameter in a small neighborhood of zero, for which the system is non-rough in U, form five smooth curves entering the origin, dividing this neighborhood into connected components, for values of the parameter from which the systems of the family are rough. For each component, the topological type of the corresponding dynamical systems in U is described. In particular, the regions of the parameter are indicated for which the system has a single attractor in U – a node, two attractors – a node and a cycle homotopic in U to a polycycle, or two symmetric cycles homotopic in U to loops from a polycycle, as well as three attractors – a node and two symmetric cycles.
EXACT SOLUTIONS OF THE HIROTA EQUATION USING THE SINE-COSINE METHOD
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shaikhova G.N. , Kalykbay Y.S. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: July 2022

Nonlinear partial differential equations of mathematical physics are considered to be major subjects in physics. The study of exact solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations plays an important role in many phenomena in physics. Many effective and viable methods for finding accurate solutions have been established. In this work, the Hirota equation is examined. This equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation and is a combination of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the complex modified Korteweg–de Vries equation. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation is the physical model and occurs in various areas of physics, including nonlinear optics, plasma physics, superconductivity, and quantum mechanics. The complex modified Korteweg–de Vries equation has been applied as a model for the nonlinear evolution of plasma waves and represents the physical model that incorporates the propagation of transverse waves in a molecular chain model and in a generalized elastic solid. To find exact solutions of the Hirota equation, the sine-cosine method is applied. This method is an effective tool for searching exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations in mathematical physics. The obtained solutions can be applied when explaining some of the practical problems of physics.
ON THE PROCESS OF ELECTROSTATIC SUPERCAPACITORS DISCHARGE
Authors:   MBOU “Physical-mathematical Lyceum № 31 of Chelyabinsk”, Bogdanov E.S. , Sukhova O.R. ,   MBOU “Physical-mathematical Lyceum № 31 of Chelyabinsk”, Vorontsov A.G. ,   South Ural State University
Published: July 2022

Despite the growing popularity of supercapacitors (supercondensers), the common model of discharge and the unified method of describing their characteristics are not available as of yet. This is explained by the complexity of the physical and chemical processes occurring there. This work provides an analysis of the charge/discharge curves for a laboratory-manufactured and an industrial supercapacitor. It has been shown that a two-step discharge mechanism is typical for the supercapacitors under study, unlike for usual capacitors, and time constants differ by approximately one order of magnitude. Fast discharge is determined by the internal parameters of a supercapacitor, and the time constant of this process does not depend on the external resistance. For a slow process, the time constant is in linear dependence with the external resistance, that is why this process is analogous to the discharge of a usual capacitor. Using the parameters of the slow process, it is possible to determine the effective internal resistance of the supercapacitor and its capacity. The ratio of speeds of the fast and slow discharge in case of a laboratory-manufactured and an industrial supercapacitor is approximately equal, what is indicative of the similarity of the processes occurring there. A significant difference between supercapacitors is observed in the ratio of voltage amplitudes corresponding to the fast and slow processes. For an industrial supercapacitor, the contribution of the voltage of the slow process (which depends on the external circuit parameters) is considerably higher, what proves its higher efficiency during operation in electric circuits.
Incidence and Molecular-Based Identification of Papaya ringspot virus Infecting Papaya in Java
Authors: Farida Naimatul , Damayanti Tri Asmira , Efendi Darda , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: July 2022

Infeksi Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) di Indonesia pertama kali dilaporkan pada pepaya di Nangroe Aceh Darussalam pada tahun 2012. Sejak itu, PRSV atau penyakit bercak bercincin pada pepaya menyebar ke beberapa daerah di Jawa, Sumatera, Bali, dan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengonfirmasi keberadaan PRSV di beberapa daerah penanaman pepaya di Jawa dan mengetahui identitas molekulernya. Metode double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) dengan antiserum spesifik PRSV digunakan untuk mendeteksi sampel dari lapangan. Insidensi PRSV hasil deteksi DAS-ELISA di Bogor, Purworejo, Kebumen, dan Bantul berturut-turut sebesar 59.1%, 51.4%, 84.2%, dan 96.2%. Identifikasi lebih lanjut dilakukan dengan reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction menggunakan primer spesifik (PRSV326/PRSV800), dilanjutkan dengan sikuensing DNA. Fragmen DNA berukuran 475 pb berhasil diamplifikasi dari sampel lapangan dan analisis nukleotida menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel terkonfirmasi PRSV dengan homologi antarisolat berkisar antara 95.4% sampai 99.4%. Analisis filogenetika menunjukkan bahwa isolat-isolat PRSV di Jawa berada dalam satu grup yang sama dengan isolat PRSV-P pepaya dari Thailand.
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 18 No. 1, Januari 2022
Authors: Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: July 2022

This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Indonesian Journal of Phytopathology Vol. 18 No. 1, Januari 2022
ESTIMATION OF IBNR AND RBNS RESERVES USING RDC METHOD AND GAMMA GENERALIZED LINEAR MODEL
Authors: Yulita Tiara , Effendie Adhitya Ronnie
Published: July 2022

Estimation of claims reserves is a very important role for insurance companies because the information will be used to assess the insurance company’s ability to meet future claim payment obligations. In practice, claims reserves are divided into two Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) and Reported but Not Settled (RBNS). Reserving by Detailed Conditioning (RDC) is one of the individual methods that can estimate claims reserves of both the IBNR and RBNS, which involves detailed condition so-called claim characteristics, and some information else so-called background variable. The result of estimating claims reserves using RDC with background variable is not stable because many combinate of calculation from each background variable. The purpose of this study is to overcome these problems, which we can combine RDC and Gamma Generalized Linear Model (GLM) as an effective method for estimating claims reserves. By using Bootstrapping Individual Claims Histories (BICH) method, the results show that estimation of claims reserves using RDC and Gamma GLM gives the fewest value of Mean Square Error of Prediction (MSEP) rather than RDC with Poisson GLM, RDC, and Chain Ladder. Where the smaller the value of the resulting MSEP estimate, the closer to the actual claim reserve value.
LIFE EXPECTANCY MODELING USING MODIFIED SPATIAL AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL
Authors: Yasin Hasbi , Warsito Budi , Hakim Arief Rachman , Azizah Rahmasari Nur
Published: July 2022

The presence of outliers will affect the parameter estimation results and model accuracy. It also occurs in the spatial regression model, especially the Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model. Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) is a regression model where spatial effects are attached to the dependent variable. Removing outliers in the analysis will eliminate the necessary information. Therefore, the solution offered is to modify the SAR model, especially by giving special treatment to observations that have potentially become outliers. This study develops to modeling the life expectancy data in Central Java Province using a modified spatial autoregressive model with the Mean-Shift Outlier Model (MSOM) approach. Outliers are detected using the MSOM method. Then the result is used as the basis for modifying the SAR model. This modification, in principle, will reduce or increase the average of the observed data indicated as outliers. The results show that the modified model can improve the model accuracy compared to the original SAR model. It can be proved by the increased coefficient of determination and decreasing the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value of the modified model. In addition, the modified model can improve the skewness and kurtosis values of the residuals getting closer to the Normal distribution.
Serratia marcescens infection in a patient after a fat graft: a case report
Authors: Kim Sunje , Kwon Hyeokdong , Ahn Chang Hwan , Ha Yooseok , Kim Joo-Hak , Kyung Hyun Woo , Oh Sang-Ha , Yang Ho Jik , Song Seung Han
Published: July 2022

Serratia marcescens is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacillus that has been implicated in hospital-acquired infections. Because no previous cases of delayed infections caused by S. marcescens after autologous fat injection have been reported, we introduce a case report. A 74-year-old woman underwent fat injection for aesthetic purposes and visited our hospital for left cheek swelling after this procedure. Blood tests showed a slightly elevated white blood cell count. Facial computed tomography demonstrated an abscess and emergency surgery was performed. A work-up of the necrotic tissue and drained abscess contents was conducted. Cultures showed growth of S. marcescens. Based on the culture results , a proper antibiotic was prescribed. Follow-up blood tests showed normal findings, and there was no recurrent infection or inflammation. In most acute infections after a fat graft, Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis can be suspected, while mycobacterial infections are often suspected in cases of delayed infection and chronic inflammation. However, clinicians should keep in mind that there may be infections of uncommon bacteria. When an atypical delayed infection is suspected after an autologous fat graft, it is important to perform aseptic wound culture and biopsy as soon as possible, use appropriate antibiotics, and conduct proper surgical treatment.
Preliminary results of alternative treatment for postmastectomy pain syndrome: stromal vascular fraction-enriched fat grafting
Authors: Min Kyunghyun , Yoon Inah , Kim Eun Key
Published: July 2022

Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is defined as chronic pain lasting more than 3 months after surgery. PMPS reduces the quality of life for patients and affects their daily life. Although the pathogenesis of PMPS has not been clearly elucidated, it is strongly suggestive of neuropathic pain caused by damage to the intercostobrachial nerve. While previous studies have used stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-enriched fat grafts in patients with neuralgia, few studies have used it for PMPS. Therefore, the present study evaluated the use of SVF-enriched fat, which includes adipose-derived stem cells with good differentiation capacity, in patients with PMPS to improve quality of life and reduce neuropathic pain. In three patients, the fat was mixed with concentrated SVF using a centrifuge and injected into the primary pain sites. After surgery, in all three cases, the subjective pain scale score decreased significantly over time.
Atypical rupture of a Poly Implant Prothése implant and fluid shifting: a case report
Authors: Min Jae Chung , Kim Eun Key
Published: July 2022

Women have undergone augmentation mammoplasty for decades, and if implant rupture is suspected, imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography are available. The linguine sign, keyhole sign, and noose sign are all suggestive of rupture. However, earlier-generation implants with alternative filler materials demonstrate rupture signs that differ from those of today’s better-known implant materials. A 60-year-old female patient who had undergone augmentation mammoplasty 20 years ago presented with left breast swelling and pain in the lower-outer quadrant. Ultrasonography and MRI confirmed extracapsular diffuse wall enhancement with suspected, but not apparent, discontinuity in the patient’s left breast implant. Therefore, both implants were removed. It was determined that these were Poly Implant Prothése implants. The left breast implant differed from the contralateral implant in that it contained fluctuating fluid. This could be attributed to an osmotic gradient that caused the implant to swell and weakened the elastomer shell, resulting in micro rupture without a gross tear. Patients who undergo augmentation mammoplasty should have regular follow-up examinations, even if there are no symptoms. Furthermore, clinicians should be aware that some patients who have had breast augmentation mammoplasty may experience atypical symptoms and signs if the implant ruptures.
AB-tree
Authors: Zhao Zhuoyue , Xie Dong , Li Feifei
Published: July 2022

There has been an increasing demand for real-time data analytics. Approximate Query Processing (AQP) is a popular option for that because it can use random sampling to trade some accuracy for lower query latency. However, the state-of-the-art AQP system either relies on scan-based sampling algorithms to draw samples, which can still incur a non-trivial cost of table scan, or creates samples of the database in a preprocessing step, which are hard to update. The alternative is to use the aggregate B-tree indexes to support both random sampling and updates in database with logarithmic time. However, to the best of our knowledge, it is unknown how to design an aggregate B-tree to support highly concurrent random sampling and updates, due to the difficulty of maintaining the aggregate weights correctly and efficiently with concurrency. In this work, we identify the key challenges to achieve high concurrency and present AB-tree, an index for highly concurrent random sampling and update operations. We also conduct extensive experiments to show its efficiency and efficacy in a variety of workloads.
On repairing timestamps for regular interval time series
Authors: Fang Chenguang , Song Shaoxu , Mei Yinan
Published: July 2022

Time series data are often with regular time intervals, e.g., in IoT scenarios sensor data collected with a pre-specified frequency, air quality data regularly recorded by outdoor monitors, and GPS signals periodically received from multiple satellites. However, due to various issues such as transmission latency, device failure, repeated request and so on, timestamps could be dirty and lead to irregular time intervals. Amending the irregular time intervals has obvious benefits, not only improving data quality but also leading to more accurate applications such as frequency-domain analysis and more effective compression in storage. The timestamp repairing problem however is challenging, given many interacting factors to determine, including the time interval, the start timestamp, the series length, as well as the matching between the time series before and after repairing. Our contributions in this paper are (1) formalizing the timestamp repairing problem for regular interval time series to minimize the cost w.r.t. move, insert and delete operations; (2) devising an exact approach with advanced pruning strategies based on lower bounds of repairing; (3) proposing an approximation based on bi-directional dynamic programming. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposal in both timestamp repair accuracy and the aforesaid applications. Remarkably, the repair results can be used to evaluate time series data quality measures. Both the repair and measure functions have been implemented in an open-source time series database, Apache IoTDB.
The regularity of weak solutions for certain n-dimensional strongly coupled parabolic systems
Authors: Tan Qi-Jian
Published: July 2022

This paper is concerned with the n-dimensional strongly coupled parabolic systems with triangular form in the cylinder

Ω
×

(

0
,
T

]

\Omega \times (0,T]

. We investigate

L

2

{L}^{2}

and Hölder regularity of the derivatives of weak solutions

(

u

1

,

u

2

)

\left({u}_{1},{u}_{2})

for the systems in the following two cases: one is that the boundedness of

u

1

{u}_{1}

and

u

2

{u}_{2}

has not been shown in existence result of solutions; the other is that the boundedness of

u

1

{u}_{1}

or

u

2

{u}_{2}

has been shown in existence result of solutions. By using difference ratios and Steklov averages methods and various estimates, we prove that if

(

u

1

,

u

2

)

\left({u}_{1},{u}_{2})

is a weak solution of the system, then for any

Ω
′
⊂

⊂

Ω

\Omega ^{\prime} \subset \hspace{-0.3em}\subset \hspace{0.33em}\Omega

and

t
′
∈

(

0
,
T

)

t^{\prime} \in \left(0,T)

,

u

1

,

u

2

{u}_{1},{u}_{2}

belong to

C

α
′
,
α
′

/

2

(

Ω

¯

′
×

[

t
′
,
T

]

)

{C}^{\alpha ^{\prime} ,\alpha ^{\prime} \text{/}2}\left(\bar{\Omega }^{\prime} \times \left[t^{\prime} ,T])

and

W

2

2
,
1

(

Ω
′
×

(

t
′
,
T

]

)

{W}_{2}^{2,1}\left(\Omega ^{\prime} \times (t^{\prime} ,T])

under certain conditions, and

u

1

,

u

2

{u}_{1},{u}_{2}

belong to

C

2
+
α
′
,
1
+
α
′

/

2

(

Ω

¯

′
×

[

t
′
,
T

]

)

{C}^{2+\alpha ^{\prime} ,1+\alpha ^{\prime} \text{/}2}\left(\bar{\Omega }^{\prime} \times \left[t^{\prime} ,T])

under stronger assumptions. Applications of these results are given to two ecological models with cross-diffusion.
The Frankfurt institute at 100: The perspective of a trichotomic critical theory
Authors: Hrubec Marek
Published: July 2022

This article was written on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt am Main, where the Frankfurt School was founded and continues to evolve. From philosophical and interdisciplinary perspectives, the article focuses on the trichotomic characteristics of critical theory, specifically: critique, explanation, and normativity. It looks first at the founding of the Institute for Social Research; second, at the emergence of critical theory at the Institute; and third, at how these ideas evolved. It identifies trichotomy underpinning Horkheimer’s approach to critical theory. In the conclusion, the revisions made to critical theory in the later stages of development are considered.