bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Spot Vision Screener in School-Aged Children
Authors: Peterseim Mae Millicent W. , Trivedi Rupal H. , Feldman Samuel , Husain Mahvash , Walker Mollianna , Wilson M. Edward , Wolf Bethany J.
Published: May 2020

Purpose:

To determine the accuracy of the Spot Vision Screener (Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY) in children 6 years and older and recommend device thresholds to improve its accuracy for the detection of refractive error.

Methods:

The Spot Vision Screener results were compared with three gold standard conditions of increasingly narrow refractive error criterion. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Spot Vision Screener in detecting each gold standard criterion were calculated. The most accurate threshold setting for each parameter was identified by calculating the area under the curve receiver operating characteristic.

Results:

The Spot Vision Screener was able to successfully evaluate 313 of 330 children (95%). The sensitivity of the Spot Vision Screener to detect American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus guidelines for amblyopia risk factors was 89.5% and the specificity was 76.7%. The sensitivity decreased to 80% and the specificity increased to 75.3% with narrower refractive criteria. The sensitivity in detecting refractive criteria improved with the proposed optimized device thresholds. Estimates for the general population indicate that the positive predictive value is reasonable at 52.3% to 61.8%, depending on the stringency of the criteria, with excellent negative predictive values.

Conclusions:

In school-aged children, the primary screening focus shifts from preventing amblyopia to detecting visual disturbances, including refractive error, that may interfere with academic performance. In this age group, the Spot Vision Screener was an acceptable method of detecting significant refractive error with improved sensitivity with threshold optimization.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(3):146–153.]
Effect of Intravitreal Silicone Oil on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: de Corral Luis R , Cohen Steven B , Peyman Gholam A
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

We analyzed data obtained prospectively on 48 consecutive patients treated with intravitreal silicone oil. Forty percent were diabetic. Follow-up ranged from three to eight months.

An increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) (defined as a rise 10 mmHg above the preoperative level) developed in 56% of the eyes in the postoperative period (range, 10 to 53.4 mmHg; mean rise, 21.63 mmHg). There was no significant difference in mean pressure rise between diabetic and non-diabetic eyes. The increase in IOP was transient in 78% of the patients. In 70% the IOP rose to a level greater than 22 mmHg.

All of these patients required medical treatment, and some silicone oil was removed in six. Only 22% of those requiring treatment still received medication at follow-up. No patient in this series had uncontrolled IOP.
Comparison of the sonar recording method and the aerial photography method for mapping seagrass meadows
Authors: Poklar Mojca
Published: May 2020

This article presents a new perspective on the study of the spatial distribution of seagrass meadows, which—due to their sensitivity to coastal hydrodynamics, sediment transport, changes in nutrient content, and disruptions due to human intervention in their environment—are a good indirect indicator of the properties of seawater. Monitoring their extent and characteristics is essential for determining the properties of seawater, but this requires developing a precise methodology that involves acquiring data on the occurrence of seagrass meadows and mapping them. The base data for the survey presented are sonar recording and aerial photography data, which were utilized to create a seabed classification using geographic information systems (GIS). This provided information on the extent and characteristics of the seagrass meadows. Spatial analysis offers a new look at the coastal belt and reveals some new features.
Vegetative, productive and oil quality responses of ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Picual’ olive trees to foliar P and K application
Authors: Centeno A. , García J. M. , Gómez-del-Campo M.
Published: May 2020

A completed hedgerow of cv. Arbequina and a youth vase trained orchard of cv. Picual were fertilized with foliar applications of Phosphorus (P) or Potassium (K) throughout four seasons. The orchards were located near Valdepeñas in the dry area of La Mancha (Spain). Vegetative growth, yield and oil quality were evaluated. Foliar treatments did not increase P or K leaf concentration. Most of the evaluated parameters were not significantly affected by treatments. It was observed that the P treatment increased olive growth and oil yield in both orchards and in certain seasons due to an increment in fruit number. P and K application significantly increased ‘Arbequina’ olive and oil yield in 2008 when spring was wetter than the other years. Oil quality was not modified by fertilizer treatments in the ‘Arbequina’orchard. However, oxidative stability was negatively affected by P and K treatments in ‘Picual’. Oil extraction could be negatively affected by treatments because of the increase in the water content in the fruit obtained from both orchards.
Неравномерные усреднения Козлова-Трещева в эргодической теореме
Authors: Bogachev Vladimir Igorevich
Published: May 2020

В работе получены обобщения и усиления результатов В. В. Козлова и Д. В. Трещева по неравномерным усреднениям в эргодической теореме для случая операторных полугрупп в пространствах интегрируемых функций и полугрупп преобразований, сохраняющих меру. Исследуются условия на усредняющие меры, при которых сходимость средних имеет место для широких классов интегрируемых функций.
Библиография: 96 названий.
Метод обратной задачи рассеяния и классификация солитонных решений нелинейного уравнения Шредингера-Максвелла-Блоха высшего порядка
Authors: Li Zhi-Qiang , Tian Shou-Fu , Peng Wei-Qi , Yang Jin-Jie
Published: May 2020

Нелинейное уравнение Шредингера-Максвелла-Блоха высшего порядка исследуется с помощью метода Римана-Гильберта. Проведен спектральный анализ пары Лакса, с помощью которого сформулирована задача Римана-Гильберта. В результате ее анализа получены многосолитонные решения, подразделяющиеся на три типа. На основе аналитического решения и при выборе соответствующих значений параметров получены решения типа бризера и колоколообразное решение и обнаружено интересное явление столкновения двух солитонных решений. Есть надежда, что полученные результаты могут оказаться полезными при моделировании распространения волн нелинейного оптического поля в оптоволокне, легированном эрбием.
Преобразование Беклунда для уравнения Дегаспериса-Прочези
Authors: Mao Hui , Wang Gaihua
Published: May 2020

Рассматривается преобразование Беклунда для уравнения Дегаспериса-Прочези. С помощью преобразования взаимности и ассоциированного уравнения Дегаспериса-Прочези построено преобразование Беклунда для уравнения Дегаспериса-Прочези, содержащее как зависимые, так и независимые переменные. Также получена соответствующая нелинейная формула суперпозиции, с использованием которой вместе с преобразованием Беклунда выведены некоторые солитонные решения уравнения Дегаспериса-Прочези.
Интегрирование матричного модифицированного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза с источником интегрального типа
Authors: Urazboev Gayrat Urazalievich , Hoitmetov Umid Azadovich , Babadjanova Aygul Kamiljanovna
Published: May 2020

Получены уравнения эволюции данных рассеяния для матричной системы Захарова-Шабата с потенциалом, являющимся решением матричного модифицированного уравнения Кортевега-де Фриза с источником интегрального типа.
Metodologías de investigación materializadas. Entre maquetas, tostadoras, diagramas, rampas y cabinas
Authors: Boserman Carla , Ricart David
Published: May 2020

El siguiente artículo plantea la necesidad de un acercamiento material a la idea de investigación, donde crear, producir, pensar y documentar sean investigar. Propone un recorrido por formas de pensamiento materializadas en objetos de diseño que permitan caminar hacia una investigación en diseño y no solo acerca de él.

 Este escenario reclama repensar las metodologías de investigación y las formas de rigor que las acompañan. Se propone una colección de técnicas y de tácticas que pretenden dibujar un corpus metodológico que nos aproxime al diseño como espacio de investigación.
Revenant song : against abyssal thinking
Authors: De Miguel Regina
Published: May 2020

Something strange has been always happening with my names: As the owners of the abyssal thinking, always give me the scariest ones or, suspicious of the value of words and symbols,they make them disappear
Editorial - Los poliédricos cuerpos
Authors: Martínez Morant Mara , Rispoli E. R.
Published: May 2020

Cuerpos poliédricos y diseño: miradas sin límites planteaba, en su call for papers, una recreación en las formas de entender el cuerpo desde siglos pasados (Humanismo) a la actualidad (Transhumanismo, Posthumanismo), desplegando un itinerario repleto de usos, mutaciones, interrogantes, sensibilidades, interseccionalidades y ensamblajes de entre algunas de las muchas posibilidades que aparecen en el escenario de la naturalezacultura (Haraway, 2003) humana y no humana que habita el mundo.

La respuesta a la llamada que buscaba miradas sin límites para esos cuerpos nuevos o el redescubrimiento de sus posibilidades desde diferentes posicionamientos teórico-prácticos ha sido excelente, con una serie de artículos y propuestas que presentamos en este número. Textos que ilustran el pensamiento acerca de las transformaciones que se siguen en el cuerpo, conscientes e inconscientes, que acaban por presentar una ficción entre lo carnal y lo virtual ciertamente sugestiva por lo inaprehensible de esa entidad simbólica que, hasta hace unos años, aparecía o creíamos tan propia.
Of Vessels, Conduits and Instruments: Reflections from the Bodies as Media Working Group
Authors: Rodríguez Nelesi , Manwelyan Eugenia
Published: May 2020

In the fall of 2016, a group of artists and educators met regularly over the course of three months to explore the many ways in which the human body mediates experience and knowledge. In their time working together, the Bodies as Media Working Group (BaM) explored the ways in which the (human) body comes to know, understand, and communicate ancestry, memory, ecology, emotionality, creativity, and even death. This working group was created as part of the School of Apocalypse (SoA), a NYC-based community of learning that examines connections between creative practice and survival.

 The BaM working group encapsulated its learning process by designing and producing a resource in the form of a deck of cards containing instructions and prompts meant to be activated as a ritual that aims to “turn on” people’s body awareness and to prepare their bodies to learn. In designing a pedagogical tool for the body, BaM aims to reconstitute the individual and social body contained most commonly in the classroom as open, trusting, and alert. The tool thereby redesigns the space within which learning takes place without making any physical alterations to it, but rather by reconfiguring the group’s relationship to it and within it.
La potencialidad de lo falso y la cultura shanzhai.
Authors: Carreño Montse
Published: May 2020

Este texto reflexiona sobre la reversibilidad de lo falso, revalorizado en distintos ámbitos de nuestra vida. Ningún campo está libre de mixtificaciones y los museos han convivido con falsificaciones desde sus orígenes y han modificado su discurso para gestionar las obras ilegítimas de sus colecciones a favor de la veracidad y lo auténtico.

La deconstrucción contemporánea de la noción de autoría ha originado todo tipo de transgresiones en las fronteras con lo verdadero que también operan una inversión positiva de la no autenticidad. La admiración por las imposturas o la exaltación de fraudes, popularizados por los medios de comunicación, dan cuenta de la arbitrariedad y del desplazamiento de los valores que pivotan sobre las exigencias de verdad. Ante el poder de la autenticidad, los casos de falsificaciones artísticas que desestabilizan los cimientos culturales también son indicadores de las convenciones sociales relacionadas con los procesos creativos, como la habilidad técnica o la copia perfecta que logra persuadir al espectador a través de la verosimilitud y la indiferencia estética.

En la era de la hiperproducción capitalista y la disponibilidad global, las copias chinas que nos inundan por doquier se suman a esta válvula igualadora, como simulacros low cost que adaptan todo tipo de mercancías valiosas a las demandas populares. En tiempos de crisis y de recesión de lo verdadero, asistimos al culto a la copia: una revolución shanzhai en términos de consumo de ilusiones y de subversión de valores.
Shanzhai Archeology
Authors: Maigret Nicolas , Roszkowska Maria , Renaud Clément
Published: May 2020

Shave,

pray,

dance,

defend yourself,

open a car,

light a cigarette,

provide electricity

...

Ferrari blue,

strawberry red,

skeleton green,

spinner gold,

prisoner black
Hacia una ontología política del diseño cartonero: reflexiones etnográficas a partir de la experiencia de la cooperativa Reciclando Sueños (La Matanza, Argentina)
Authors: Carenzo Sebastián , Schmukler María
Published: May 2020

Este artículo propone discutir la idea del diseño como algo único y universal al presentar los avances de un estudio etnográfico realizado en una cooperativa de cartoneros (recuperadores urbanos) localizada en el Gran Buenos Aires. Partiendo del análisis de una escena etnográfica, reconstruimos las tramas que tejen las experiencias cartoneras al customizar materiales previamente descartados y crear nuevas tecnologías para su tratamiento, abriendo nuevas perspectivas sobre las prácticas de diseño desarrolladas desde los sectores populares. 

Estas prácticas de (re)diseño involucran la experimentación sensomotriz con los materiales descartados y la producción de conocimientos específicos puestos en práctica a través de la palabra, el cuerpo y las emociones. De esta forma, los integrantes de la cooperativa (re)diseñan también los modos y locus de existencia política en el campo de la gestión de residuos para posicionarse como actores expertos en la gestión y tratamiento sostenible de residuos industriales. En síntesis, el artículo se focaliza en el proceso de resignificación que implica la conversión de un material de descarte en un prototipo de producto. De este modo, el diseño cartonero resulta una práctica situada que responde a una realidad y a una forma de existencia específicas, y emerge para contestar y desobedecer a lo ya instituido y legitimado, consolidándose como una herramienta política fundamental para los miembros de la cooperativa dentro del ámbito de la gestión de residuos.
Editorial - Pedagogía y diseño en tiempos de transformación constante
Authors: Genís Vinyals Mariona , Marimon Soler Josep Maria
Published: May 2020

Este número de Inmaterial permite explorar las tensiones y oportunidades que entrelazan la práctica y la pedagogía del diseño, el posicionamiento de las instituciones educativas y el aprendizaje significativo de los estudiantes.
Pasión por lo sintético. El objeto pop en la Barcelona del “desarrollismo” (1960- 1975)
Authors: Campi Isabel , González Colominas Marta , Mellado Lluch Pilar
Published: May 2020

El diseño pop fue durante los años sesenta y principios de los años setenta la expresión de la cultura juvenil, reflejada en una pasión por los materiales sintéticos y los entornos artificiales. En España, este fenómeno transcurrió en el conflictivo periodo del llamado “desarrollismo”, durante el régimen militar del general Franco. El pop tuvo en Cataluña una expresión vivaz pero industrialmente limitada. Los diseñadores André Ricard, Miguel Milá, Jordi Galí y Rafael Carreras, entre otros, se prestaron con profesionalidad a experimentar con el poliéster, el metacrilato y el ABS. Este artículo se propone rescatar un fenómeno de modernización poco estudiado y culturalmente muy significativo.
Conversational artificial intelligence - demystifying statistical vs linguistic NLP solutions
Authors: Panesar Kulvinder
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to demystify the hype and attention on chatbots and its association with conversational artificial intelligence. Both are slowly emerging as a real presence in our lives from the impressive technological developments in machine learning, deep learning and natural language understanding solutions. However, what is under the hood, and how far and to what extent can chatbots/conversational artificial intelligence solutions work – is our question. Natural language is the most easily understood knowledge representation for people, but certainly not the best for computers because of its inherent ambiguous, complex and dynamic nature. We will critique the knowledge representation of heavy statistical chatbot solutions against linguistics alternatives. In order to react intelligently to the user, natural language solutions must critically consider other factors such as context, memory, intelligent understanding, previous experience, and personalized knowledge of the user. We will delve into the spectrum of conversational interfaces and focus on a strong artificial intelligence concept. This is explored via a text based conversational software agents with a deep strategic role to hold a conversation and enable the mechanisms need to plan, and to decide what to do next, and manage the dialogue to achieve a goal. To demonstrate this, a deep linguistically aware and knowledge aware text based conversational agent (LING-CSA) presents a proof-of-concept of a non-statistical conversational AI solution.
A proposed literature-based syllabus for EAP writing
Authors: Perkins Kyle , Jiang Xuan
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a literature-based composition course for advanced Non-native English Speaking (NNES) students in an English for Academic Purpose (EAP) program and provides a rationale, a syllabus, and some suggested pedagogy for consideration. The principal reasons for choosing a literature-based format include the following: (1) extended writing about a text, or texts, should lead to reading comprehension improvement; (2) culturally responsive literature should enhance engagement; (3) reading literature, as writerly reading, will assist NNES students with developing strategies applied to reading-to-write tasks and to integrated writing skills; (4) reading for writing (RFW) will expose NNES students to a wide range of genres, syntactic constructions, discourse structures, and words and word families; (5) RFW should lead to the development of multiple-documents literacy; and (6) contemporary writing models incorporate reading as a component of the composing process, which emphasizes the inter-dependency of reading and writing.
Assessments for East Asian clients: Culturally competent recreational therapy
Authors: Kim, MS Junhyoung , Lozano, MEd, CTRS Donna
Published: May 2020

Recreational therapists who have developed a level of understanding and awareness of other cultural norms, specifically East Asian cultural norms, will be better prepared to accurately interpret assessment results, to establish a treatment plan, and to implement the therapeutic recreation process within a recreational therapy setting. These therapists are more likely to provide effective healthcare services which will enhance the quality their clients’ lives. In addition, the development of assessment processes that take into consideration the therapist’s own cultural identity as well as the patient’s cultural orientation, primary language, level of acculturation, acculturation stress, level of functioning, family relationships, support systems and concepts, and definitions of health, disease, healthcare utilization, and healing are necessary to foster successful therapeutic relationships and recreational interventions with East Asian clients.
Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs and the Committee on Accreditation of Recreational Therapy Education: A long-needed initiative for the profession
Authors: Skalko, PhD, LRT/CTRS Thomas K. , West, MS, LRT/CTRS Ray E. , Connolly, PhD, LRT/CTRS Peg , Kinney, PhD, LRT/CTRS Terry , Wilson, MS, LRT/CTRS Pam
Published: May 2020

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Summer 2010
Authors: DeVito Jr. Richard A.
Published: May 2020

Volume 9, Number 3
Teaching Tai Chi to elders with osteoarthritis pain and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chang, PhD Jason Y. , Tsai, RN, PhD Pao-Feng , Woods Sheery , Beck, RN, PhD Cornelia , Roberson, PhD Paula K. , Rosengren, PhD Karl
Published: May 2020

This article describes the authors’ experience and strategies in teaching Tai Chi, a gentle exercise derived from an ancient Chinese martial art, to mildly cognitively impaired elders to relieve osteoarthritic knee pain. The 12-form Sun-style Tai Chi, a set of Tai Chi forms endorsed by the American Arthritis Foundation, was used in the program. Teaching Tai Chi to elders with mild cognitive impairment requires particular strategies tailored to their physical and cognitive frailty. When effectively taught, Tai Chi can be a unique and cost-effective intervention for elders with knee pain caused by osteoarthritis.
Spring 2011
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: May 2020

Volume 10, Number 2
Active participation and social integration service delivery model for youth with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Smith, MS Rachel L. , Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS Marieke , Frey, PhD Georgia
Published: May 2020

Although the field of recreational therapy has a number of conceptual models of practice, there are few service delivery models. Service delivery models provide practitioners with the frameworks needed to contextualize focused intervention practices to achieve prescribed outcomes. The active participation and social integration (APASI) model provides a framework to recreational therapists for successfully integrating youth with autism spectrum disorders into the recreation mainstream. First, the background, need, and purpose of the APASI model are described, followed by the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the model. Next, the process of the model is detailed. Finally, benefits, limitations, and implications for research and practice are discussed.
Healthy People 2020: Implications for recreation therapy
Authors: Yang, PhD, CTRS Heewon , An, PhD Dongsu
Published: May 2020

For the past 30 years, Healthy People (HP), a comprehensive set of 10-year national public health objectives, has been used by the public health and allied healthcare communities to guide health planning for the American people. In December 2010, HP 2020 publicized new 10-year goals and objectives for improving the nation’s health, and topic areas of HP 2020 were upsized from 29 to 42 focus areas. The purpose of this article is to provide recreation professionals with information relevant to the profession from HP 2020, to be able to participate in the nation’s health project. Specifically, this article first introduces vision and mission statement, goals and objectives, and other necessary information of the updated HP 2020. Finally, practical approaches on how to effectively use this national health guideline for the recreation therapy (RT) profession are discussed, as well as how the RT profession can proactively contribute to the successful implementation of HP 2020.
Book review rebuttal: RT for specific diagnoses and conditions
Authors: Porter, PhD, CTRS Heather R.
Published: May 2020

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Behavioral activation and recreational therapy
Authors: McCormick, PhD, CTRS, FDRT, FALS Bryan P. , Austin, PhD, FDRT, FALS David R.
Published: May 2020

Behavioral activation (BA) is an evidence-based brief and effective treatment for depression. This article explains BA, its procedures, and its relationship to recreational therapy (RT). According to BA theory, depression leads to lives reduced in ability to gain rewards from the environment. BA aims to activate clients to engage in activities that increase rewards, reduce negativity, and improve subjective well-being (SWB). This approach is consistent with RT practice, and expressly identified in Austin’s Health Protection/Health Promotion Model. BA has been shown to be effective in clinical depression programs across age groups, as well as in other diagnoses including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder. The basic BA orientation of engaging in activity and resumption of a pleasing and meaningful experiences is highly consistent with RT practice, and BA should be a tool in the RT modalities toolbox.
A systematic review of the effect of physical activity on cognitive performance in youth with Down syndrome
Authors: Nocera, MS Vincenzo G. , Wozencroft, PhD Angela J. , Coe, PhD, FACSM Dawn P.
Published: May 2020

This systematic review of the literature examined the impact of physical activity on cognitive performance in youth with Down syndrome (DS). A comprehensive search resulted in the identification of 20 articles that were screened with five studies included in the qualitative analysis. In the studies analyzed, both acute and chronic moderate intensity physical activity protocols were utilized as well as a variety of cognitive assessments evaluating different components of cognitive function (ie, reaction time, inhibition, planning, working memory, and manual dexterity). Overall, this review found a positive relationship between acute and chronic physical activity and cognitive function. These relationships are consistent with the literature in typically developing youth. The findings of this review show promising results that consistent participation in moderate levels of physical activity may lead to higher levels of cognition function in youth with DS. Practical implications and future research are discussed in the article.
Identifying the best protocol: Social engagement or groundwork prior to therapeutic riding?
Authors: Kemeny, CTRS, PhD Betsy , Hutchins, CTRS, EdD Deborah , Gramlich, CTRS Courtney , Craine, CTRS Chelsea , Crandell, CTRS Lindsey
Published: May 2020

Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder may experience social isolation and decreased independence secondary to communication deficits. Limited evidence suggests therapeutic riding (TR) promotes social skills, but no protocol for TR with adolescents exists. This 8-week single-subject design measured social response to alternating treatments (groundwork or peer social engagement) prior to TR. Measures included a comparison of parent-report of social competence and a comparison of real-time and videotaped observations of six specific social skills. Data were analyzed by visual inspection of the graphed data and comparison of the descriptive statistics. Peer interaction prior to TR resulted in better verbal response while groundwork prior to TR resulted in better instruction following. In a departure from common practice of combining groundwork and TR, the specific goals and objectives for the individual with ASD should dictate whether a CTRS® should use social games or groundwork prior to TR.
Volume 18, Number 1
Authors: Recreation Therapy American Journal Of
Published: May 2020

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Feasibility study of perceived exertion and heart rate of children with ASD during swimming
Authors: Mische Lawson, PhD, CTRS Lisa , Lisk, MSW Caitlin
Published: May 2020

This study explored the feasibility of manual heart rate and the Pictorial Children’s Effort Rating Table (PCERT) to measure moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixteen children with ASD participated in weekly, 30-minute Sensory Enhanced Aquatics swimming lessons. Swim instructors measured heart rate, and swimmers rated their physical activity levels using the PCERT. Results showed swimmers’ heart rate and perceived exertion significantly increased from the beginning to the end of lessons. However, both measures were difficult to implement, indicating they may not be feasible for this population. Future research should investigate alternative objective measures to quantify MVPA with the ASD population with use of devices such as the Garmin Swim, Fit Bit, or Actigraph.
A mentally stimulating activities program for the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sardina, PhD Angie L. , Fitzsimmons, MSN, ARNP, GNP Suzanne , Hoyt, BA Catherine M. , Buettner, PhD Linda L.
Published: May 2020

This study evaluated whether a mentally stimulating activities (MSA) program reduced neuropsychiatric symptoms and improved cognitive status and quality of life, as compared to a support group for persons in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This randomized controlled trial included 81 adults (aged 55+), who were randomly assigned to the MSA group (treatment) or a social support group (control). A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) identified that MSA participants significantly reduced apathy (p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (p < 0.001), as well as improved cognitive status (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001) as compared to the control group. A structured classroom-style MSA program may be a viable and therapeutic intervention to alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms, and improve cognitive status and quality of life in early-stage AD.
The use of social media during disasters: The development of the literature, its current topography, and future challenges
Authors: Demiroz, PhD Fatih
Published: May 2020

Scholarly efforts to understand the use of social media during disasters have grown over the past decade, thanks to widely available data and powerful analytical tools. These efforts occurred in several academic fields, including disaster management, public administration, computer science, communications, and medicine. While such efforts have created a rich tapestry of perspectives, the ever-growing body of literature has become difficult to navigate. This article tackles this issue by painting a broad picture of the past, present, and future of the literature by analyzing metadata of 1,414 articles published on this subject. The results identify five important points. First, the literature on the use of social media during disasters has grown very rapidly in the past decade, but it is approaching a maturation point. Second, the literature is interdisciplinary in nature, and with the exception of medical journals, journals from different disciplines frequently cite each other. Third, the interdisciplinary nature of the literature comes from its intellectual roots. Fourth, the topography of the literature consists of a small number of core journals that publish a significant number of articles and a large number of journals in the periphery that occasionally publish relevant articles. Finally, the article discusses the challenges facing the future of the literature and makes suggestions.
Standards-setting and its implementation through the classification system for international urban search and rescue teams
Authors: Okita, MA Yosuke , Shaw, PhD Rajib
Published: May 2020

The network of international urban search and rescue (USAR) teams, International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG), has started its unique classification system called INSARAG External Classification (IEC) since 2005. In IEC, teams are classified into Heavy or Medium category, and as of the end of 2018, more than 50 teams have been classified. It seems that, through IEC, INSARAG successfully implements the standards such as the INSARAG Guidelines although the document is nonbinding. This article analyzes why IEC has got strong support from international USAR teams and what are the keys to successful implementation of standards in international emergency management. It concludes that it has been successful because, for example, INSARAG carefully gains a consensus from the member states when creating the standards, reiterates the minimum standards instead of the best practices, and sets the clear goal. The endorsement at the UN General Assembly Resolution also contributed to gaining support. Although there are some issues which need to be considered to maintain the system in the future, the lessons of the IEC model can be used for other fields of international disaster and emergency management.
Potential pharmacological perspectives for the treatment/prevention of the SARS-COV-2 infection in opioid dependent patients
Authors: Coppola, MD Maurizio , Mondola, MD Raffaella
Published: May 2020

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An open-label, randomized, single-dose, two-period, two-treatment crossover bioavailability study comparing 5 mg/0.5 mL of intramuscular naloxone hydrochloride to 2 mg/0.4 mL intramuscular naloxone hydrochloride autoinjector in healthy subjects
Authors: Moss, MD Ronald B. , Carleton, PhD Fiona , Lollo, PhD Charles P. , Carlo, PhD Dennis J.
Published: May 2020

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used for the acute treatment of opioid overdoses. There has been a dramatic increase of deaths due to synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, some requiring multiple doses of naloxone for reversal of opioid toxicity. Fentanyl appears to differ from other opiates as having a very rapid onset and transport in and out of the central nervous system (CNS). Fentanyl is therefore widely distributed in the CNS. Furthermore, a high range of systemic levels of fentanyl have been observed in overdose victims. Taken together, we believe it is very likely that higher doses of naloxone are needed to combat this new era of overdoses. We examined the bioavailability of an investigational 5 mg intramuscular naloxone in a prefilled syringe (PFS) compared to 2 mg intramuscular naloxone in an autoinjector (AI) at the current approved dose in a crossover design which included 14 healthy subjects. Overall, both doses were well tolerated with no adverse events noted during the trial. The pharmacokinetic results showed that a higher dose of intramuscular naloxone hydrochloride increases Cmax, AUC, and t1/2; however, Tmax was similar for both treatments. Statistical analysis indicated that there were statistical differences between the test and reference treatments for Cmax, AUCs, and t1/2 with ratios of test to reference for Cmax of 337.1 percent (CI: 263.3 percent, 431.5 percent), AUC0-t of 277.5 percent (CI: 260.4 percent, 295.7 percent), AUC0-inf of 273.4 percent (CI: 255.6 percent, 292.4 percent), and t1/2 of 110.5 percent (CI: 95.5, 127.9). These results are consistent with the study rationale that indicated higher doses of intramuscular naloxone hydrochloride would result in higher Cmax and AUCs. These PK characteristics may be desirable for reversing opioid toxicity caused by the higher, more potent synthetic opioids.
Incidence and correlates of opioid-related psychiatric emergency care: A retrospective, multiyear cohort study
Authors: Bahji, MD Anees
Published: May 2020

Background: In 2018, nearly 4,000 Canadian lives were claimed by the opioid epidemic. To date, only a few studies have reviewed shifts in emergency department (ED) utilization for opioid-related psychiatric presentations. Aims: To describe the characteristics of patients seeking ED care for opioid-related psychiatric presentations and to identify demographic and clinical characteristics that were associated with psychiatric inpatient admission for such presentations.Methods: Retrospective cohort study with multivariate logistic regression.Findings: Over a 4-year period, 555 opioid-related presentations were recorded (50 percent female, mean age 40.0 years). Time trend analysis showed a nonsignificant increase in the number of visits by fiscal year. The most common reason for ED presentation relevant to opioids was opioid withdrawal (49 percent). Nearly 20 percent of all visits required psychiatric admission; predictors of psychiatric admission were arrival by ambulance (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.03), older age (AOR = 1.05), longer length of ED stay (AOR = 1.10), and more severe triage score (AOR = 0.4). Sex and referring service were not associated with disposition in the ED. Admissions were more likely for opioid intoxication and withdrawal.Conclusion: EDs are serving increasing numbers of patients in psychiatric crisis related to opioid-use. A decision support tool could be developed and validated in the future to provide reliable, clinically relevant information to providers and case managers relevant to opioid-related ED presentations.
Ocean biogeochemistry in the Norwegian Earth System Model version 2 (NorESM2)
Authors: Tjiputra Jerry F. , Schwinger Jörg , Bentsen Mats , Morée Anne L. , Gao Shuang , Bethke Ingo , Heinze Christoph , Goris Nadine , Gupta Alok , He Yan-Chun , Olivié Dirk , Seland Øyvind , Schulz Michael
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The ocean carbon cycle is a key player in the climate system through its role in regulating the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and other processes that alter the Earth's radiative balance. In the second version of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2), the oceanic carbon cycle component has gone through numerous updates that include, amongst others, improved process representations, increased interactions with the atmosphere, and additional new tracers. Oceanic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is now prognostically simulated and its fluxes are directly coupled with the atmospheric component, leading to a direct feedback to the climate. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition and additional riverine inputs of other biogeochemical tracers have recently been included in the model. The implementation of new tracers such as “preformed” and “natural” tracers enables a separation of physical from biogeochemical drivers as well as of internal from external forcings and hence a better diagnostic of the simulated biogeochemical variability. Carbon isotope tracers have been implemented and will be relevant for studying long-term past climate changes. Here, we describe these new model implementations and present an evaluation of the model's performance in simulating the observed climatological states of water-column biogeochemistry and in simulating transient evolution over the historical period. Compared to its predecessor NorESM1, the new model's performance has improved considerably in many aspects. In the interior, the observed spatial patterns of nutrients, oxygen, and carbon chemistry are better reproduced, reducing the overall model biases. A new set of ecosystem parameters and improved mixed layer dynamics improve the representation of upper-ocean processes (biological production and air–sea CO2 fluxes) at seasonal timescale. Transient warming and air–sea CO2 fluxes over the historical period are also in good agreement with observation-based estimates. NorESM2 participates in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) through DECK (Diagnostic, Evaluation and Characterization of Klima) and several endorsed MIP simulations.
Skeletal architecture of middle Cambrian spicular radiolarians revealed using micro-CT
Authors: Sheng Jiani , Kachovich Sarah , Aitchison Jonathan C.
Published: May 2020

Abstract. X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is used to
resolve the detailed internal architecture of the siliceous skeletons of two
well-preserved middle Cambrian (Miaolingian Series) radiolarians from the
Inca Formation of the Georgina Basin, Australia. Digital dissections of
specimens of Archeoentactinia incaensis and A. tetractinia
reveal for the first time that both are exclusively
composed of tetractine spicules. A basal layer consisting of robust spicules
together with an interwoven meshwork of smaller spicules is observed in both
micro-CT models. Detailed structural analysis with the aid of a digitally
inserted artificial sphere shows that the framework spicules are likely to
have been added one by one as the radiolarian cell enlarged. The timing of
spicule genesis may be an important factor controlling the morphology of
different groups of spicular radiolarians. Observation of these fundamental
skeletal structures suggests that the type genus of Archeoentactiniidae Archeoentactinia
belongs to Echidninidae; thus, Archeoentactiniidae is a junior synonym of
Echidninidae.
InSAR time series analysis of seasonal surface displacement dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Reinosch Eike , Buckel Johannes , Dong Jie , Gerke Markus , Baade Jussi , Riedel Björn
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Climate change and the associated rise in air temperature have
affected the Tibetan Plateau to a significantly stronger degree than the
global average over the past decades. This has caused deglaciation,
increased precipitation and permafrost degradation. The latter in particular
is associated with increased slope instability and an increase in
mass-wasting processes, which pose a danger to infrastructure in the
vicinity. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) analysis is well
suited to study the displacement patterns driven by permafrost processes, as
they are on the order of millimeters to decimeters. The Nyainqêntanglha
range on the Tibetan Plateau lacks high vegetation and features relatively
thin snow cover in winter, allowing for continuous monitoring of those
displacements throughout the year. The short revisit time of the Sentinel-1
constellation further reduces the risk of temporal decorrelation, making it
possible to produce surface displacement models with good spatial coverage.
We created three different surface displacement models to study heave and
subsidence in the valleys, seasonally accelerated sliding and linear creep
on the slopes. Flat regions at Nam Co are mostly stable on a multiannual
scale but some experience subsidence. We observe a clear cycle of heave and
subsidence in the valleys, where freezing of the active layer followed by
subsequent thawing cause a vertical oscillation of the ground of up to a few
centimeters, especially near streams and other water bodies. Most slopes of
the area are unstable, with velocities of 8 to 17 mm yr−1. During the
summer months surface displacement velocities more than double on most
unstable slopes due to freeze–thaw processes driven by higher temperatures
and increased precipitation. Specific landforms, most of which have been
identified as rock glaciers, protalus ramparts or frozen moraines,
reach velocities of up to 18 cm yr−1. Their movement shows little
seasonal variation but a linear pattern indicating that their displacement
is predominantly gravity-driven.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 13, No. 6
Authors: Duran Kevin
Published: May 2020

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 13, No. 6，2020
Tourism Activities of the Organization “Force through Joy” as a Legitimation Factor of the Nazi Political and Legal Regime (1933-1939)
Authors: Izudinova Raisat Saidovna , Mordovtsev Andrey Yuryevich , Vasilkova Evgenia Andreevna , Mordovtseva Tatyana Vasilyevna , Palamarchuk Evgenii A.
Published: May 2020

The article identifies and analyzes the most important area of the organization “Strength through Joy” and its contribution to the support of the Hitler regime by industrial workers in Germany. Created by the Nazis under the auspices of the German Labor Front, which replaced the traditional trade unions, this organization made one of the main emphasis on the mass cultivation of tourism on favorable terms in the ranks of the working community. Having become one of the most important areas of social policy in the Third Reich, the tourism activities of the “Force through Joy” served as one of the effective means of legitimizing Nazi power in the eyes of that part of German society that initially took a hostile position towards them.
Utilization of Mean and Median Strains in Principal and Independent Component Analysis to Remove Motion Artefact from Electrocardiography Signals
Authors: Kalra Anubha
Published: May 2020

Motion artefact is the biggest concern in Electrocardiogram signals, especially when recording long-term measurements. Current studies fail to address the major source of motion artefact, which is skin stretch. This study utilizes two-dimensional strain fields as motion information in two advanced algorithms- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). The strain fields were computed using point tracking and infinitesimal strain theory and a comparison of mean and median strains as motion information was made. The highest improvement in Signal to Noise ratio (SNR) was observed when the mean values of strain fields over a region of interest per ECG sample were taken as motion information in ICA. The lowest SNRs were obtained when PCA and ICA were implemented without any motion information.
Alinhamento pessoa-organização (P-O fit) e engajamento
Authors: Rodriguez Carina Vasconcellos de Oliveira , Tomei Patricia Amelia , Serra Bernardo Paraiso de Campos
Published: May 2020

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o alinhamento pessoa-organização (Person-Organization fit ou P-O fit) e sua influência no engajamento de colaboradores.Metodologia/abordagem: Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, analítica e hipotética-dedutiva através de um estudo de caso em uma empresa multinacional do segmento industrial. A pesquisa teve como base os conceitos de P-O fit de Chatman (1989), Valores Pessoais de Schwartz (1994) e Organizacionais de Oliveira e Tamayo (2004), assim como Engajamento no Trabalho de Kahn (1990). A estratégia de investigação adotada foi a de múltiplos métodos, contribuindo de forma mais efetiva para corroborar hipóteses e constructos. Para a análise quantitativa, 132 colaboradores responderam um questionário que combinava questões:(a) do Portrait Values Questionnaire PVQ-21 de Schwartz (2001) validada no Brasil por Almeida e Sobral (2009), (b) do Inventário de Perfis de Valores Organizacionais (IPVO) de Oliveira e Tamayo (2009) e (c) da Escala de Engajamento de Trabalho (EEGT) de Siqueira (2014). Para a pesquisa qualitativa foram analisados documentos internos da organização, realizadas 15 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com colaboradores e levantados dados de observação participativa em programas de treinamento.Principais resultados: Os respondentes declararam que dão maior importância aos valores pessoais de Benevolência, Hedonismo e Conformidade, e observam os valores organizacionais de Prestígio, Domínio e Realização. Os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos indicaram que não existe um alinhamento pessoa-organização e que o nível de engajamento dos colaboradores é médio. Este resultado pode ter sido influenciado pelo momento do ciclo de vida da organização caracterizado por mudanças estruturais, estratégicas e culturais.Relevância: A literatura é escassa quando buscamos estudos que relacionam o engajamento com o alinhamento pessoa-organização. Este estudo traz a junção destes conceitos ao analisar o alinhamento pessoa-organização e sua influência no engajamento de colaboradores.