bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF FORMING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors:   Municipal Institution of Higher Education «Khortytsia National Educational and Rehabilitational Academy» of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Omelchak Hanna
Published: June 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of forming the competitiveness of enterprises under martial law. It is determined that the military conflict with Russia has led to the destruction of the Ukrainian economy. The study also shows that business in Ukraine faces a number of challenges when it comes to maintaining competitiveness in times of war. One of the most important challenges is the need to invest in infrastructure and technology, which can be difficult given the economic uncertainty caused by the conflict. The imposition of martial law in some regions has complicated business operations due to travel restrictions and other logistical issues. The article provides analytical data on the state of business activity in Ukraine in the first half of 2022. The author conducts a comparative analysis of indicators of the prospects for the development of business activity of industrial enterprises for three periods. It is established that the worst indicators of business activity prospects were at the beginning of the full-scale invasion, and a year later there was a tendency to improve the state of business activity. The internal and external threats that affect the competitiveness of enterprises under martial law are considered. It is emphasized that the main subjects influencing the formation of enterprise competitiveness are employees. It is noted that retaining staff and ensuring decent working conditions is one of the main factors that determine the level of competitiveness of an enterprise. It is established that one of the main features of the formation of enterprise competitiveness is the courage to continue or start their activities under martial law. It is determined that the formation of competitiveness of domestic enterprises takes place in the context of significant market transformations. The problem of losing loyal consumers due to the relocation of an enterprise is emphasized. The financial crisis in Ukraine has a negative impact on the effective functioning of enterprises. The conclusions identify the main directions for further research related to finding ways to improve the competitiveness of enterprises under martial law.
FUNCTIONING OF DECENTRALIZED MARKETS BASED ON THE WEB 3.0 PLATFORM
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the NAS of Ukraine, Mishchenko Volodymyr
Published: June 2023

The deepening of digital transformations and the development of digital platforms is the basis of the functioning of decentralized financial markets, the research of the methodological and methodical foundations of their formation and development based on the use of the innovative potential of Web 3.0 technologies has important scientific and practical value. The purpose of the article is to clarify the functioning mechanisms of decentralized markets based on Web 3.0 and to determine their impact on economic and social processes, which is based on the use of general economic and specific scientific research methods. In the process of research, the peculiarities of the functioning of decentralized financial markets are determined and it was proved that the transition to new Internet usage patterns is the main factor in accelerating digital transformations, on the basis of which the Web 3.0 digital platform is being formed. A structural and logical diagram of the functioning of the Web 3.0 platform has been developed, which reflects an organic combination of tasks, functions, used tools and technologies. The main functions of the Web 3.0 digital platform include decentralization of management, customer orientation, interoperability, transparency and ensuring effective management of digital risks, and the main tasks include accelerating the development of the economy and improving the management of economic and social systems. It has been proven that in the future, the development of the Web 3.0 digital platform and the integration of the innovative potential of decentralized markets, distributed ledger technologies, smart contracts and digital assets will become the basis for the formation of a fundamentally new model of the functioning of the digital space - a meta-universe that unites the real and virtual worlds, ensuring the acceleration economic growth and positive socio-cultural changes. The practical value of the obtained results lies in the justification of the prospects for using the Web 3.0 platform and the adaptation of its interoperability, as well as in determining the directions for improving the functioning mechanisms of the Web 3.0 platform, which includes institutional support for the development of decentralized financial markets and of new mechanisms of their regulation and management in order to protect all participants of decentralized ecosystems from cyber threats and digital risks.
FEATURES OF DE&I: UNBIASED STRATEGIES IN THE NEW WORLD OF WORK
Authors: Тягунова З.О.
Published: June 2023

The article discuss the importance of implementing unbiased strategies in the workplace to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. The article highlight the relevance of the topic in the context of the new world of work, where companies face increasing pressure to create fair and inclusive workplaces that attract and retain top talent. The article discuss the challenges associated with implementing unbiased strategies, including unconscious bias and resistance to change, and provide solutions to overcome these challenges, such as education, measurement, and cultural change. The article emphasize the benefits of implementing unbiased strategies in the workplace, including the creation of a positive and inclusive corporate culture, improved innovation and creativity, and a stronger employer brand. The article also emphasize the importance of leadership commitment in creating a culture of fairness and inclusivity. The research method used in the article is based on a literature review and expert opinion. The article draw on research studies and expert insights to support the importance of unbiased strategies in promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in the workplace. The practical value of the article lies in its insights and recommendations for organizations seeking to create more inclusive and diverse workplaces. The article provide practical solutions for implementing unbiased strategies, such as creating diverse hiring panels, using objective evaluation criteria, and providing diversity and inclusion training. The article also highlight the benefits of implementing unbiased strategies, such as improved productivity, employee engagement, and employer brand reputation.
НАПРЯМИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ БІЗНЕС-КОМУНІКАЦІЙ У СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОМУ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ
Authors: Бортнік Світлана , Хомюк Наталія , Ющишина Лариса
Published: June 2023

Потреба у налагодженні ефективних механізмів комунікації соціальних суб’єктів при реалізації соціально-економічних проектів обґрунтовується необхідністю розвитку соціально орієнтованої економіки України. Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань формування, налагодження й удосконалення бізнес-комунікацій та оцінці їх ефективності при реалізації соціально-економічних проектів різного рівня складності. З використанням методів ретроспективного й перспективного аналізу доведено, що бізнес-комунікації стають одним із джерел формування конкурентних переваг у сучасному середовищі інформатизації суспільства. Показано, що налагодження ефективних бізнес-комунікацій забезпечує підвищення сукупних результатів реалізації соціально-економічного проекту, а в довгостроковій перспективі і максимізацію суспільної цінності й вартісної оцінки соціального проекту. Результати дослідження полягають у формуванні напрямів удосконалення бізнес-комунікацій при реалізації соціально-економічних проектів.
ЛОГІСТИЧНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ В ТОРГІВЛІ: РІЗНОВИДИ, МЕТОДИ ВИБОРУ, ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ЗМІНИ ЗА УМОВ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: П’ятницька Галина , Шевчун Марина
Published: June 2023

Складність логістичних завдань у торгівлі актуалізує проблематику пошуку нових менеджерських рішень та інструментів. Метою дослідження є визначення ймовірних напрямів інноваційних змін у логістичних стратегіях підприємств торгівлі та розвиток підходів до їх вибору. Використано загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи дослідження. Встановлено, що інноваційні зміни у логістичній стратегії підприємств торгівлі за умови орієнтації на сталий розвиток мають ураховувати кліматичні і ринкові зміни, цифровізацію та життєвий цикл підприємства і його товарної пропозиції. Розроблено моделі для вибору логістичних стратегій, використання яких дозволяє більш науково обґрунтовано приймати менеджерські рішення. З практичної точки зору це сприяє зміцненню конкурентних позицій та сталому розвитку підприємств торгівлі.
ВПЛИВ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ НА НАЦІОНАЛЬНУ ТА ГЛОБАЛЬНУ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧУ БЕЗПЕКУ
Authors: Агакерімова Римма
Published: June 2023

Продовольча безпека перебуває під постійним наглядом провідних світових організацій, вимагає впровадження дієвих заходів і механізмів, що адаптовані до викликів сьогодення (кліматичні зміни, пандемія COVID-19, війна на території України). Метою статті є дослідження впливу війни в Україні на продовольчу безпеку на національному та глобальному рівні задля визначення напрямів їх покращення. Накопичення невирішених структурних і організаційних питань в аграрному секторі на тлі повномасштабного військового вторгнення країни-агресора в Україну спричинило значне зниження національної продовольчої безпеки, що на тлі продовження війни у 2023 р. може призвести до: зниження виробництва пшениці на 21 %; зменшення урожаю інших зернових культур на 15,8 %; падіння експортують мінімум на 33,3 %. Наразі на функціонування національних продовольчих систем негативно впливають: зрив посівних кампаній через активні бойові дії на сільськогосподарських територіях або їх замінування; порушення логістики та всіх елементів ланцюгів постачання продукції; руйнування активів та інфраструктури агропродовольчої системи; порушення діяльності зі створення доданої вартості; ускладнення експорту української зернової продукції на зовнішні ринки, реалізація сільськогосподарської продукції як в межах країни так і в інші країни світу. Задля покращення продовольчої безпеки на національному та глобальному рівні необхідно забезпечити не тільки остаточне припинення війни, а й відбудову національного агропромислового виробництва з урахуванням: його відновлення на територіях, що постраждали від бойових дій; децентралізації аграрної економіки; міцної власної продовольчої системи громад; цілісності агропромислового комплексу та міцної національної продовольчої системи; державної підтримки аграрного сектору економіки; розвитку сільських населених пунктів; репозиціонування України в глобальній продовольчій системі; сталий розвиток сільськогосподарського виробництва з використанням біоенергетичний потенціалу аграрного сектору.
PECULIARITIES OF CHOOSING ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Злотнік Марта
Published: June 2023

This scientific article explores the peculiarities of choosing enterprise management strategies within the framework of circular economy. The article identifies and analyzes key research questions related to these challenges, including the peculiarities and challenges faced by enterprises, the factors influencing strategy selection, the balance between economic viability and environmental/social objectives. The significance of this study lies in its potential to provide valuable insights to enterprises seeking to navigate the transition towards sustainable resource management. By examining the challenges, factors, and potential outcomes, the study aims to contribute to the knowledge and understanding of circular economy management strategies. The insights gained from this research can guide enterprises towards more sustainable and resource-efficient practices, ultimately contributing to a more environmentally and economically resilient future.
ФІНАНСОВІ ТА РЕГУЛЯТОРНІ ЗАХОДИ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ОПОРНИХ ШКІЛ ЯК ЗАПОРУКА ЯКІСНОЇ ОСВІТИ У ВОЄННИЙ ЧАС
Authors: Матвієнко Галина , Мирошниченко Володимир
Published: June 2023

У статті досліджені фінансові та регуляторні заходи стимулювання розвитку опорних шкіл як запоруки якісної освіти в воєнний час. Доведена важливість фінансування якісної світи для майбутнього розвитку країни. Досліджені законодавчі аспекти фінансування та функціонування опорних шкіл. Зазначено, що суттєве скорочення видатків на освіту вимагає запровадження нових ефективних механізмів фінансування освіти та нових підходів щодо управління. Визначені основні джерела фінансування середньої освіти та доведена необхідність та важливість розвитку опорних шкіл в Україні.  Виділені основні напрямки розвитку середньої освіти в контексті післявоєнного  відновлення. Сформульовано основні виклики та пріоритети розвитку середньої освіти в воєнний час та її фінансування.
Corn-neem soil cover and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) extract application for the Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) management in corn (Zea mays, L)
Authors: Gaibor-Fernández Ramiro , Rodríguez Rodríguez Sergio Florentino , Reyes-Pérez Juan J. , González-Rosales Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Objective: To evaluate the soil cover with corn-neem biomass for the Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) management in the INIAP H601 corn hybrid, at Pechiche, Los Ríos, Ecuador.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Two treatments were evaluated: 1) a treatment using corn-neem soil cover at 2.0 t ha-1 before sowing, plus two foliar applications, 10 and 20 days after sowing; 2) a control treatment without soil cover, in a completely randomized design. The variables evaluated were the percentage of corn plants with 1st to 3rd degree damage and 4th to 5th degree damage (30 days after sowing), Leaf Area Index (LAI), and agricultural yield.
Results: Under field conditions, both treatments had no significative differences in the 1st to 3rd degrees damages (69.0% impact). However, there were significative differences in the 4th to 5th degree damages (31.0 %) in the control and the soil cover (15.0 %). Additionally, LAI and dry grain yield were higher. There was a linear but inverse relationship regarding LAI and yield in plants with 4th to 5th degree damage.
Limitations/Implications: The availability of neem tree biomass could be a limitation, if this technology is applied to larger land areas.
Findings/Conclusions: Corn-neem soil cover plus a foliar application decreased the Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) impact and increased LAI and agricultural yield.
Socioeconomic diagnosis of a group of meliponiculturists in the local-ity of San Antonio Cayal, Campeche, Mexico
Authors: MARTINEZ PUC JESUS FROYLAN , Tucuch Tun José Rodrígo , Cetzal Ix William Rolando , López Castilla Héctor Manuel Jesús , Magaña Magaña Miguel Angel
Published: June 2023

Objective: To identify the economic, technical, and social characteristics of a group of meliponiculturists established in the locality of San Antonio Cayal, Campeche, Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: An interview card was applied to ten members of a group of meliponiculturists, and each card consisted of 20 open and closed questions distributed in the following sections: general data, technical aspects, characteristics of the meliponary, production, market, and perspectives of meliponiculture. An observation guide was also applied.
Results: It was found that in the locality of San Antonio Cayal, meliponiculture is a recent activity (four years); the activity started with a total of ten people, with ages between 47 and 64, using modernized boxes and the honey extraction technique using syringes. However, currently the activity is only practiced by two people.
Limitations on the study/implications: Meliponiculture is a scarcely practiced activity in the locality, and therefore, there are few records of this activity.
Findings/conclusions: The study allowed us to understand the limitations of the group of meliponiculturists that caused the dispersion of the group, and allowed finding different areas of opportunity (management, production) to strengthen the activity.
The Changing Cost of Cattle Transportation
Authors: Dennis Elliott
Published: June 2023

Diesel is one of the primary inputs in the transportation of goods throughout the United States. Livestock hauling is no exception. Feeder cattle are generally transported long distances in the fall as they move from summer grazing to placement in backgrounding operations or directly into feedlots. Cattle, and other livestock in general, can handle transportation stress fairly well – to a point. Trucking feeder cattle long distances can impact animal health outcomes, and improper animal handling can lead to bruised or injured cattle. These negative impacts can generally be offset by appropriate stocking densities, proper trailer ventilation, correct animal handling techniques during loading and unloading, and truck and trailer sanitation.
Experiment With Multiple Regression Models for Sales Forecast and Location Analysis
Authors: Fu Hetty
Published: June 2023

Location is an important consideration for retailers as it is a huge upfront cost and has a large impact on sales. There are many methods that can be used for location analysis, and regression-based modeling is one that explicitly forecast sales performance and allows incorporating a large number of factors. Previous research in this area were limited due to the lack of real sales data for academic researchers. This paper uses data from a furniture retailer operating a large number of locations in Canada. Variables are chosen based on their impacts on furniture sales. Trade areas are delineated using the Thiessen Polygon approach and descriptive trade area method using real sales data. Two sets of sales forecasting models reconstructed, one using real furniture sales data and one without. A reasonably adequate sales projection model is developed with the best model having a range of projection errors of ±40%.
Spatiotemporal Segmentation of Home-based Trips by the Demand Responsive Transportation Accessible Vehicles: a Case Study of Toronto
Authors: Sadraddini Seyed-Mahdy
Published: June 2023

In order to improve accessible transportation services to individuals with disability, first we need to understand what services are currently provided to them. This research is concerned with the scale of such services provided to individuals with disability and their spatial dynamics in the City of Toronto based on Wheel-Trans customer trip data. In particular, I look at the home-based trips and segmenting them based on the three most widely used vehicle types within the context of a demand responsive transportation system. The temporal segmentation of the data is based on the monthly number of trips which identifies a seasonal pattern in the utilization of all three services. Spatial analysis of the points of origin and destination is performed using Moran’s I and Getis-Ord General G which identifies presence of spatial autocorrelation. Then local Moran’s I was employed to find local clusters in the data with respect to each of the services as well as the overall pattern. This study identifies that the spatial patterns in downtown Toronto follow a non-random process, and therefore it is always marked as the significant destination for the majority of the trips made by customers of Wheel-Trans. Additionally, this study finds that majority of the mobility services supplied to people with disabilities in the City of Toronto are supplied by non-municipal mobility service providers operating under contract with the Toronto Transit Commission using smaller accessible vehicles.
Shopping Centre Classifications: A Dynamic Approach
Authors: Singh Jeremy
Published: June 2023

With the emergence of online retail platforms, many retailers and shopping centre developers have been forced to re-evaluate their approaches in catering to their physical store offerings to consumers within the Canadian market. This shift in the retail hierarchy has demonstrated a need to enhance the generalized static retail classifications. This paper aims to evaluate the current shopping centre classification systems and proposes the development of a framework for a dynamic classification system. Several analytical methods were implemented throughout this study and saw the application of a multivariate weighted K-Means model to develop a user-controlled dynamic classification system to further enhance the dynamic nature of the newly developed system. Datasets employed within the study area of the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) were provided by The Centre for the Study of Commercial Activity and Environics Analytics.
Developing an Open Source Plugin for Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Ordered Weighted Averaging in QGIS
Authors: Huang Gregory
Published: June 2023

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is a technique commonly used in GIS for decision support. In the QGIS environment, few pre-existing plugins exist to help calculate vector-based MCDA techniques such as Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA). This research paper creates a set of two new Python 3-based plugins: The “Field Standardizer” plugin for quick standardization of vector data, and the “WLC/OWA Tool” plugin for an intuitive calculator to carry out both Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and OWA to expand MCDA functionalities in QGIS. The plugins are then illustrated in an investigation of socio-economic status of neighbourhoods in the City of Toronto. The investigation also analyzes the mapped results of different OWA weight options tested, such as MAX, MIN, WLC, and other customized weights.
An Evaluation of Modalities for Action Recognition
Authors: Kowal Matthew
Published: June 2023

Inductive biases of neural networks play a crucial role in their ability to learn robust representations for visual tasks. Human action recognition is a particularly challenging domain where inductive biases in the form of input modalities have profound impacts on the algorithms’ success. However, past research has not yet identified the optimal set of modalities to use for action recognition. In this thesis, a number of modalities are evaluated and compared using various metrics, including overall accuracy, per-class performance, and amount of contextual information encoded. This is done by training a deep 3D convolutional neural network on each input modality, while controlling variables like video length and dataset, which reveal characteristics of each modality. It is shown that certain modalities lend themselves better to specific network architectures, tasks, and data sets, which has relevance to real-world action recognition systems and future research in the field of multi-modal action recognition.
An Automated Approach for Privacy Leakage Identiﬁcation in IoT Apps
Authors: Nazzal Bara’
Published: June 2023

This thesis presents an automated static analysis approach and a tool, Taint-Things, that identiﬁes tainted ﬂows, which are parts in the code that potentially leak sensitive data, in SmartThings IoT apps. Taint-Things accurately identiﬁes all ﬂows reported by the state-of-the-art tool with at least 4 times improved speed. Our approach analyzes the source code directly and reports the relevant parts containing the lines that aﬀect sensitive information in the app. We present and test ways to improve precision by adding ﬂow, path and context sensitive analyses as modules. We tested our tool by running it on a SmartThings app dataset as well as testing for precision and recall on a mutation framework dataset to see how much coverage is achieved without adding false positives. We show improvement in in terms of speed and the ability to provide a higher level of ﬂow and path sensitive analysis.
Toward the Automation of Search and Rescue Operations: An Algorithm for Finding Missing Lost Persons Living With Dementia Using Drones
Authors: Hanna Dalia
Published: June 2023

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are now used in many applications. The focus in this research work is on their use for public safety, specifically in Search and Rescue (SAR) operations involving Lost Persons Living With Dementia (LPLWD). When it comes to saving lives, there are many human factors associated with UAV operations that impact the performance of expert human SAR teams that could be improved through some form of automation. These include familiarity with the search location, and tasks associated with piloting and search/flight management during SAR operations. An LPLWD may not be interested in assisting in their own rescue as they may not know they are lost. As such, it has been observed that they tend to keep walking until they are faced with an obstacle that bars their continued progress. The approach presented in this research work focuses on developing a people-finding method to identify high-probability locations where an LPLWD might be found through informed, behavior-based analysis of the search location, and then developing an algorithm to fly a UAV to the vicinity of these high-probability locations. The algorithm was validated through field testing. The results from both the data collection process and the field tests indicated that there were efficiencies in using the drone, which enhanced the probability of finding the lost person alive. An informed process, involving automated approaches using R software to scrub and augment the data by adding any missing values in the dataset, helped to clarify the behaviour of the lost person and determine what significant variables enhanced their survivability. Linear regression was utilized to acquire the correlations between the numeric values in the database. Logistic regression and classification models were used to investigate 

survivability. 

The final goal of this work is to address the possibility of automating certain types of SAR. The outcome will also inform the design of use cases that could be used in various test environments.
Investigation of the flow dynamics of a Vertical Bioreactor using the Residence Time Distribution
Authors: Edney Mark
Published: June 2023

In the wastewater industry, conventional activated sludge processes are still the dominant technology. This process relies on large concrete tanks with poor mixing profiles, due to their rectangular cross-section.

Hitherto, Water Engineering has failed to see the relevance of vertical bioreactors. The STAR (Simultaneous Treatment of Ammonia and Phosphorous Removal) is a vertical bioreactor with three stages for the elimination of biological nutrient removal in wastewater. The STAR vertical bioreactor is capable of delivering high quality effluent within a significantly reduced footprint.

In this study, the mixing and fluid flow through the reactor is investigated using residence time distribution tests. A single pulse of conductive tracer is introduced into the first stage of the reactor. Conductivity sensors were used to measure tracer concentration at the exit of each stage. This conductive tracer represents a non-reactive component introduced into the process flow. Data generated from this experiment found evidence of a bypass rate of 7.5% of the feed rate. The data were compared with two theoretical models: The ideal Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor and the Generalized Nth CSTR in series model and found to approximate the residence time distribution.
A Secure VANET Model for Eavesdropping Attack Prevention
Authors: Abbasaghababazadeh Farzam
Published: June 2023

A Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) technology is becoming one of the most advanced technologies; however, the major barrier it faces is to keep the information secure and to improve its confidentiality. Recently, there have been some methods proposed to keep the information safe and implement the reliable platform for information transmission. However, based on the attacks varieties, and the way they are changing their approach, makes the system still insecure against some certain attacks. To overcome the vulnerability under the eavesdropping attack, we propose a solution to minimize the eavesdropping risk and protect the communication between vehicle and server. The solution can be considered as adding the road side unit (RSU). In fact, RSU is an extra neural network between vehicle and server which does not generate any key; however, it transfers the key from vehicle to the server. In this model, cipher text (encryption) is generated by RSU. In addition, the filters in the convolutional layers are used for encrypting the messages and to protect it against eavesdropping efficiently. We formally verify the security functionality of the solution scheme by training the neural networks based on different parameters. Analysis shows that our proposal has a strong ability to prevent eavesdropping attack.
Small Town Creative Communities of Conviviality: A Case Study of Sackville, New Brunswick
Authors: cotter max
Published: June 2023

This project uses Sackville, New Brunswick as a case study for small town creative communities, exploring the advantages and disadvantages of small towns for cultural workers, also offering insight into what draws artists to these communities. A tension exists between cultural producers and urban life, as the rising cost of living in cities jeopardizes affordable rent for arts venues and housing for cultural workers. The town of Sackville is home to a liberal arts university, artist-run centres, galleries, music festivals, and many urban expat artists, with a cost of living well below that of cities. Engaging Sackville’s artist population to collect oral histories, this project identifies themes regarding their reasoning for seeking out a small town community. Culminating in an hour-long audio documentary, this project addresses how smaller communities foster creativity, collaboration, and conviviality, and how a lower cost of living and rural landscape impact the cultural producer.
The Role of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Signalling On Cell Migration and Fluidity via Cytoskeletal Reorganization
Authors: Loganaathan Abinaya
Published: June 2023

The abnormal regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway has been associated with the development of tumour cell invasion and metastasis through changes in the expression and activation of diverse cytoskeletal proteins (Qian et al., 2017). This research project intended to investigate the influence of MAPK signalling on cytoskeletal reorganization and its effects of cell fluidity on the migratory processes of MDA MB 231 human breast cancer cells. Selected (S3) cells isolated for enhanced motile characteristics were linked to increased downstream MAPK protein expressions and exhibited reduced actin and focal adhesion densities and lower actin anisotropy, observations that are correlated with softer cell structures. Cells treated with MEK inhibitors reversed these changes, demonstrating increased F-actin density and anisotropy as well as greater focal adhesion densities that were correlated with reduced cell speeds. These results reveal that MAPK signalling has a significant role in regulating cell biomechanics.
Otomatik/robotik ve geleneksel makineli sağımın somatik hücre ve aerobik kültür sayısı üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖKTEPE Abdullah Engin , AKÇAY Aytaç , GÜRLER Hande
Published: June 2023

Sağım şekli süt kalitesi ve meme sağlığını etkilemektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, geleneksel makineli sağım ile otomatik sağım sistemleri kullanılarak sağılan ineklerde sağım sisteminin sütteki aerobik bakteri sayısı ve somatik hücre sayısı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma materyalini makineli sağım ile otomatik sağım sistemi kullanan çiftliklerden toplanan süt örnekleri oluşturmuştur. Sağım tipine göre süt örneklerindeki aerobik bakteri ve somatik hücre sayılarının Log10 dönüşümleri yapılmış, istatistik karşılaştırmasında Student T test kullanılmıştır.

Çalışma sonucunda makineli sağım ile otomatik sağımından elde edilen süt örneklerinde aerobik bakteri sayısı istatistik olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiş (p=0,002), somatik hücre sayısı bakımından anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p=0,605). Buna göre süt örneklerinde aerobik bakteri sayısı (log10) makineli sağımda (4,83) otomatik sağımdan (4,28) daha yüksek hesaplanmıştır.
Color and marking distribution in arabian and thoroughbred horses
Authors: KOCAKAYA Afşin , PAKSOY Yavuzkan , ÖZBEYAZ Ceyhan
Published: June 2023

Horses, used for various purposes for centuries, are today commonly used for sporting purposes. It is critical to identify the horses that are used in this way by using the coat color and markings on the horse. The animal material for this research consisted of 101 Arabs and 206 Thoroughbreds. The most common coat color was BAY (56.6%). The least common coat colors were BLACK (0.3%) and DUN (0.3%). The presence of head marks on horses rated 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and the rate of presence of the head mark were 17.2%, 29.2%, 7.5%, 6.8%, 26.0%, and 13.3%, respectively. When examining leg markings, the most common mark was the half-stocking (16.9%) on the left back leg, while the stocking (1.3%) was the least frequent mark on the front right leg. According to the findings of the study, which was conducted to analyze the condition of Arab and Thoroughbred horses, bay was the most common coat color seen in horses in general. Consequently, this situation is due to the preferences of breeders and horse owners.
Temporal niche partitioning of Skeletonema: seasonal succession of the community composition in surface water of Tokyo Bay
Authors: Yoshinaka Y , Liu Y , Katano T , Yoshino K , Nishiyama K , Yasui-Tamura S , Hashihama F
Published: June 2023

The diatom Skeletonema spp. frequently blooms in both the winter and summer seasons of coastal waters worldwide and consists of several cryptic species. However, their seasonal pattern of species occurrence is not yet well understood in Tokyo Bay, Japan, where Skeletonema spp. frequently cause blooms. The species composition and cell density of Skeletonema spp. were investigated monthly from March 2016 to February 2020 in the bay using a PCR and environmental variables. In total, 6 Skeletonema spp. (S. marinoi-dohrnii complex, S. potamos, S. menzelii, S. japonicum, S. ardens, and S. costatum sensu stricto [s.s.]) were identified. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of the S. marinoi-dohrnii complex had a significant negative relationship with the square of temperature; the species frequently occurred at <25°C. The occurrence of S. japonicum was frequently found at <15°C. In contrast, S. potamos, S. menzelii, and S. ardens tended to occur at >25°C but did not occur at <13°C in most cases. Skeletonema spp. cell density showed a bimodal seasonal changing pattern, and the species composition of Skeletonema spp. was also divided into winter/spring and summer/autumn communities by distance-based redundancy analysis. The first peak in cell density occurred between January and May (103-104 cells ml-1) and consisted of the S. marinoi-dohrnii complex and S. japonicum. The second peak was found between June and September (>104 cells ml-1) and consisted of S. potamos, S. ardens, and S. costatum s.s. The present study demonstrated that the Skeletonema spp. community changed with the seasons, depending on the temperature.
Cook Inlet beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas with valvular endocarditis, encephalitis, rhabdomyolysis, heavy parasitism and fungal dermatitis
Authors: Rouse NM , Burek-Huntington K
Published: June 2023

This is a case report of a Cook Inlet beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas found dead stranded on September 28, 2020 in Turnagain Arm, Alaska. This subadult male had valvular endocarditis, encephalitis, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuric nephropathy, severe parasitism and fungal dermatitis. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was detected in the heart lesion, eye and external swabs. The level of infection and parasitism in this individual is markedly higher than what has been found in other Cook Inlet belugas, suggesting immunosuppression.
UV-B induced production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in human corneal cells
Authors: Kozák I , Klisenbauer D , Juhás T
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the production of metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 following UV-B irradiation in human corneal epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Epithelial cells and fibroblasts were separated from human donor corneas and exposed to UV-B lamp irradiation for 20, 40, 80 and 120 s. Media samples were collected at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h and gelatinase A and B production was assayed by the ELISA test. Statistical significance of production was assessed by the paired t-test. Increased production of MMP-2 was found in human corneal fibroblasts in response to UV-B irradiation. A statistically significant production of MMP-2 was not observed in human corneal epithelial cells following UV-B exposure. We did not detect any increase in MMP-9 after irradiation in either epithelial cells or fibroblasts. MMP-2 is produced by the corneal fibroblasts in the acute phase after UV-B irradiation. MMP-9 is not released in vitro following UV-B irradiation damage and therefore does not directly participate in the pathophysiology of acute photokeratitis.
Effect of intermittent high altitude hypoxia on gene expression in rat heart and lung
Authors: Deindl E , Kolář F , Neubauer E , Vogel S , Schaper W , Ošťádal B
Published: June 2023

Hypoxia has been identified as an important stimulus for gene expression during embryogenesis and in various pathological situations. Its influence under physiological conditions, however, has only been studied occasionally. We therefore investigated the effect of intermittent high altitude hypoxia on the mRNA expression of different cytokines and protooncogenes, but also of other genes described to be regulated by hypoxia, in the left ventricle (LV), the right ventricle (RV), atria and the lung of adult rats after simulation of hypoxia in a barochamber (5000 m, 4 hours to 10 days). Heme oxygenase-1 as well as transforming growth factor-β1 showed an increased expression in all regions of the heart and the lung at different periods of hypoxia. For lactate dehydrogenase-A, we found a significant up-regulation in the RV and the lung, for lactate dehydrogenase-B up-regulation in the RV, but down-regulation in the LV and the atria. Vascular endothelial growth factor was up-regulated in the RV, the LV and the lung, but down-regulated in the atria. Its receptor Flk-1 mRNA was significantly increased in the atria and RV only. Expression of c-fos was found in the LV and RV only after 4 hours of hypoxia. The level of c-jun was significantly increased in the LV but decreased in the atria. Our data clearly demonstrate that intermittent hypoxia is a modulator of gene expression under physiological conditions. It differently regulates the expression of distinct genes not only in individual organs but even within one organ, i.e. in the heart.
Cardioprotective effect of chronic hypoxia is blunted by concomitant hypercapnia
Authors: Neckář J , Szárszoi O , Herget J , Ošťádal B , Kolář F
Published: June 2023

The effect of chronic hypercapnia on cardioprotection induced by chronic hypoxia was investigated in adult male Wistar rats exposed to isobaric hypoxia (10 % O2) for three weeks. In the first experimental group, CO2 in the chamber was fully absorbed; in the second group, its level was increased to 4.1 %. Normoxic controls were kept in atmospheric air. Anesthetized open-chest animals were subjected to 20-min LAD coronary artery occlusion and 3-h reperfusion for infarct size determination (TTC staining). Chronic hypoxia alone reduced body weight and increased hematocrit; these effects were significantly attenuated by hypercapnia. The infarct size was reduced from 61.9 ± 2.2 % of the area at risk in the normoxic controls to 44.5±3.3 % in the hypoxic group (P<0.05). Hypercapnia blunted the infarct size-limiting effect of hypoxia (54.8±2.4 %; P<0.05). It is concluded that increased CO2 levels in the inspired air suppress the development of the chronic hypoxia-induced cardioprotective mechanism, possibly by interacting with ROS signalling pathways.
PENERAPAN MODEL PICTURE AND PICTURE SEBAGAI SOLUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Sugiharti Rini Endah , Oktaviana Shabrina
Published: June 2023

Bahasa Indonesia adalah salah satu mata pelajaran di sekolah yang mengharapkanpeserta didik mempunyai keterampilan berbahasa. Keterampilan tersebut antara lainadalah keterampilan menyimak, membaca, berbicara, dan menulis, Dari keempatketerampilan tersebut, keterampilan menulislah yang dipandang sulit dan kompleks olehsebagian besar peserta didik. Dalam pembelajaran menulis karangan narasi diperlukanmodel pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran merupakan cara untuk menggunakansumber belajar dalam proses pembelajaran siswa aktif dan tujuan pembelajaran dapattercapai. Sehingga hasil belajar siswa dapat meningkat. Oleh karena itu modelpembelajaran sangat berpengaruh dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, terutama padapembelajaran menulis karangan narasi. Dengan menggunakan model pembelajaranPicture And Picture maka siswa diyakini dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menuliskarangan narasi dalam pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Dan hasil yang diharapkan bagi siswaialah: 1) Siswa dapat berinteraksi dengan teman kelompok melalui diskusi. 2) Siswadapat meningkatkan cara berfikir kritis, kreatif dan menumbuhkan rasa sosial yang tinggisesama teman. 3) siswa dapat belajar dengan aktif dan menyenangkan. 4) Siswa memilikikemampuan sikap berani bertanya dan mengeluarkan pendapat dari hasil diskusi nyadengan kelompok lain. 5) siswa percaya diri dengan apa yang dia pikirkan dalampembelajaran.
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MELATIH KECERDASAN MUSIKAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN SENI MUSIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Qalbi Fadhillah Afifah , Safrizal Safrizal , Anastasha Desti Ayu
Published: June 2023

Permasalahan yang di dapat dari penelitian ini adalah kurangnya waktu yang di berikanoleh pihak sekolah dan ketersediaan guru yang akan mengajar seni musikal di SekolahDasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data tentang kecerdasan siswa dalampembelajaran seni musikal dan berapa banyaknya siswa yang memiliki bakat mengenaiseni musik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa penelitiankualitatif, dengan subjek penelitiannya adalah guru dan siswa, dipilih dengan carapurposive sampling karena informan memiliki informasi tentang kurangnyaketersediaan waktu dan guru seni musikal di sekolah dasar. Instrumen penelitian iniadalah penelitian sendiri, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi danwawancara serta dokumentasi. Data dianalisis melalui langkah reduksi data, penyajiandata dan penarik kesimpulan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Teknik Miles andHuberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya ketersediaan waktu danguru dalam pelajaran seni musikal di sekolah dasar karena terhalang oleh pandemi covid19 yang menyebabkan pembelajaran seni musik menjadi terhenti sehingga siswa yangmemiliki bakat dalam kesenian tidak bisa lebih di asah lagi dan siswa juga tidak bisamenyalurkan bakat yang dimilikinya.
PENDEKATAN MODEL CONNECTING, ORGANIZING, REFLETING, EXTENDING (CORE) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dulyapit Apit , Nuralif Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan ModelPembelajaran Connecting, Organizing, Refleting, Extending (CORE) yang dilaksanakanbersama guru di MIS Sirojul Athfal Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan PenelitianTindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dikembangkan oleh Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang dilaksanakansecara bertahap melalui 2 siklus. Setiap siklus dilakukan secara bertahap dari rencana tindakan,pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi/evaluasi, dan diakhiri refleksi. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 23siswa yang memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dengan laki-laki 10 siswa dan perempuan 13siswa. Tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan sesuai prosedur Model Pembelajaran Connecting,Organizing, Refleting, Extending (CORE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapatpeningkatan hasil belajar siswa dibuktikan dengan rata-rata pada siklus I adalah 76,69meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 85,52 berada pada kategori “Sangat Baik”. Berdasarkantemuan-temuan pada saat penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggunakan ModelPembelajaran Connecting, Organizing, Refleting, Extending (CORE) dapat meningkatkan hasilbelajar siswa kelas IV di MIS Sirojul Athfal Kabupaten Bogor pada mata pelajaran IPS materikegiatan ekonomi berdasarkan potensi alam. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak bagisiswa dan memberikan wawasan bagi guru dalam melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran disekolah.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATERI ENERGI GERAK
Authors: Aningsih Aningsih , Shalecha Sonia Githa
Published: June 2023

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang alam semesta,yang mengungkapkan segala sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan alam semesta.Penelitian ini merupakan studi literature yang mengkaji dan menganalisis hasilpenelitian sebelumnya. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dimanaproses analisis datanya lebih menekankan pada penyimpulan perbandingan tinjauanpustaka dari beberapa jurnal. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendeskripsikanpenerapan penggunaan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning untuk meningkatkanhasil belajar mata pelajaran IPA siswa Sekolah Dasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa penerapan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning dapat meningkatkan hasilbelajar IPA pada tiga aspek yaitu aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Model inimenekankan keaktifan siswa dalam mempelajari materi. Dalam prosesnya pembelajarandilakukan secara aktif, kreatif, produktif, melalui kerjasama, pengalaman langsungsiswa, penerapan konsep dan dalam situasi yang menyenangkan. Dengan demikianModel Contextual Teaching and Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada matapelajaran IPA energi gerak siswa Sekolah Dasar.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR SERI SEBAGAI SOLUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS KARANGAN NARASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Sugiharti Rini Endah , Anggiani Regita Aryanta
Published: June 2023

Keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa masih kurang maksimal dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari sedikitnya siswa yang mampu menulis karangan narasi. Saat pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan materi menulis karangan narasi, sebagian besar dari siswa tersebut tidak dapat menulis karangan narasi. Siswa tidak antusias dan malas saat menulis karangan narasi, siswa masih bingung memilih kata untuk menuangkan ide yang ada dalam benak mereka dan Isi cerita tidak berkesinambungan dari awal hingga akhir. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan Media Gambar Seri. Media Gambar Seri merupakan media gambar rangkaian cerita yang disajikan secara berurutan yang digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk menarik perhatian siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran yang akan lebih mudah untuk di pahami siswa melalui media. Media gambar seri ini dikembangkan dengan melibatkan para siswa dalam menelaah indikator dalam menulis karangan narasi.