bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY STUDENTS IN CLASSROOM INTERACTION
Authors: Luthfi Muhamad
Published: April 2023

In education, such as classroom teaching and learning, politeness is very important. Students communicate with the teacher during the teaching and learning process using various sayings that demonstrate politeness strategies. Considering politeness consists of methods to create appropriate politeness in communication between students and teachers. But when students use politeness strategies in giving feedback on the teacher's response, not all students can know a good speech. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the politeness strategies used by students and teachers for classroom interaction. There are four politeness strategies based on Brown and Levinson's theory. There are bald on record, off record, positive politeness, and negative politeness. Researcher use qualitative descriptive methods to describe the results. The participants of this study were students and teachers in English classes. Researcher used two research instruments, namely interviews and observations. The Data will be analyzed by reading, analyzing, interpreting, and inferring. The results showed that the most dominant student strategy is positive politeness. Thus, this study is expected to contribute to students choosing the suitability of politeness strategies when classed.
Reassessment of Agreement to Marry
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Family Law, KIM Sejun
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the agreement to marry from a new perspective as follows.
The intention to marry refers to the intention of effect that desires the effects that occur in legal marriage relationships, and this is a requirement for the effect of marriage. However, the agreement to marry is not made through reporting. In other words, marriage reporting is a separate requirement for the formation of legal marriage, and it is not a method of declaring intention. Therefore, the intention to report is not included in the intention to marry, and even if the intention to report is lacking, marriage is formed as long as marriage reporting is made. This is because the requirement for the formation of marriage is marriage reporting, not the intention to report. Furthermore, after the formation of marriage, the validity or invalidity of marriage depends on the presence of the intention of effect.
There may be concerns about leaving the issue of unilateral marriage reporting unresolved due to the absence of the requirement for intention to report, but this is a problem that should be addressed by supplementing the procedure for marriage reporting. Under the legal marriage system, if the true intention of the parties regarding the effects of legal marriage exists and the requirement for marriage reporting is met, a valid marriage should be allowed. In addition, it is more desirable to consider legislatively recognizing juristic acts in various spectrum similar to marriage, rather than broadly allowing de facto marital relations, in order to address the issue that allowing marriage reporting without the requirement for intention to report can reduce the possibility of existence.
A Reconsideration of Divorce and Co-Parenting in the Korean Civil Law System
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Family Law, Lee Sujin
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the Supreme Court’s stance on joint parenting and the designation of co-parents as co-custodians. It argues that while some criticize the position of precedents, joint parenting may actually be detrimental to children’s welfare, and the article focuses on the positive effect of designating one parent as the sole caregiver. The target judgment reversed a decision to designate a co-parent and remanded the case to the lower court. The article analyzes the concept of joint parental authority and joint parenting, considering foreign examples and Korea’s reality. It questions whether joint parenting is the best parenting method for children’s welfare in our civil law system and suggests the significance of the target judgment and the desirable form of joint parenting. This article explores the concept of joint parenting in the Korean Civil Act, specifically the designation of co-parents and sole caregivers. The author examines how the Korean system differs from that of the United Kingdom and the United States, where parental rights and caregivers are not separated. The article argues that joint parental rights and single parenting, rather than joint parenting, are more desirable in Korea, given the practical difficulties and side effects of joint parenting. The author also suggests that expanding the right to interview negotiations for those who are not caregivers could achieve the same purpose as joint parenting. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for careful consideration when deciding on the specific circumstances under which joint parenting should be allowed.
The Division of Separate Property in Divorce
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Family Law, Hyun So Hye
Published: April 2023

According to the precedent, separate property can be divided if the partner of the owner contributed directly or indirectly to acquire or maintain it by homework, even when it is an inherited property or a property acquired in exchange of the inherited property, and the same applies to the property donated by a third party. However, it runs counter to the ideology of the separate marital property system and makes it difficult for the parties to predict the result of the trial. It is not desirable to open up the possibility of division for business property in particular, because domestic dispute between the married couple results to an excessive economic impact on the existence and operation of the company. This paper is written for introducing the scope of property subject to division under the U.S. equitable property division system, and demonstrating based on the comparative law research that a property inherited or gifted as well as its variants and increases in value should not be divided unless it is transmuted to mixed property or it falls under the category of active appreciation.
Division of Co-owned Asset as a Liquidation
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Family Law, Kim Hyoung Seok
Published: April 2023

When a co-owned asset is to be divided, could the rights and duties of the co-owners against each other be considered in the sense that they are reflected in the concrete result of division? In practice, the question has been raised especially with regard to the division of inheritance. It is, however, an issue which affects the co-ownership in general. This article attempts to answer it from a historical and comparative perspective. The conclusions are as follows.
1. That the division of a co-owned asset or inheritance has an effect of liquidating the legal relationship between its co-owners (damages, restitution of fruits, compensation for expenses etc.) was already acknowledged in Roman law. The French Civil Code had not known this rule at first, but later introduced it after doctrine and case law had allowed the same result. The corresponding norms can be found in the German Civil Code, too.
2. Also applying the Korean Civil Code, the interpretation that the legal relationship between the co-owners can be reflected in dividing a co-owned asset or inheritance is definitely possible. It is justified by the division’s purpose, an analogy to art. 1008 and a comparison with dissolution of partnership.
3. In view of division of inheritance, this rule applies as follows: (1) The burden of inheritance costs should be reflected in division. (2) A substitute asset should be considered according to whether it arises between the co-owners or against a third party. In the former, the substitute asset itself is to be divided. In the latter, damages or restitution claims of the co-owners are to be calculated into the divided share. (3) Fruits or revenues from inheritance can be divided in advance, but are subject to division of inheritance when still extant. (4) Divisible claims and duties divide themselves ipso iure upon devolution of an inheritance. However, they can be redistributed by way of division if necessary for an equitable result.
Le concept de vie familiale dans la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme et la protection de la famille de facto: centrée sur le partenariat de vie en dehors du mariage
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Family Law, KIM Boram
Published: April 2023

Les droits fondamentaux liés à la vie familiale ne peuvent être garantis que dans un environnement juridique et institutionnel qui respecte les différents modes de vie des individus au sein de leur famille. Le but de cette étude est de fournir un environnement institutionnel dans lequel la dignité individuelle et la liberté fondamentale concernant la vie familiale peuvent être garanties, tout en surmontant les problèmes structurels de notre système juridique qui empêchent d’assurer la protection des familles en dehors du système. À cette fin, l’étude a été menée dans l'ordre suivant.
Premièrement, cette étude a inclu l’analyse sur le contenu du droit au respect de la vie familiale dans la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme. Deuxièmement, en analysant la décision de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme, la notion de vie familiale protégée par la Convention a été confirmée et l’obligation positive de l’État de la protéger a été analysé. Sur cette base, l’orientation de notre droit en conformité avec le niveau universel des droits de l’homme a été présentée et des tâches législatives ont été suggérées.
Grâce à la recherche ci-dessus, nous avons confirmé que les droits et obligations dont on doit jouir en tant que famille devraient être reconnus comme des droits humains fondamentaux non seulement pour la famille légale mais aussi pour la famille de facto. En outre, le fait que le droit de former une famille légale existe même pour les communautés vivantes en dehors du système s’est affirmé. Selon la nature des relations familiales, il faudra examiner dans quelle mesure le contenu de la vie familiale doit être protégé par notre droit civil, cette question pourtant nécessite une discussion spécifique pour chaque situation. Cependant, à travers cette étude, il sera confirmé qu’une législation qui ne reconnaît même pas la possibilité minimale de fonder une famille n’est pas souhaitable. Nous espérons que cette étude constituera une base solide pour l’élaboration d’un droit de la famille conforme aux normes internationales en matière de droits de l’homme et contribuera à garantir la liberté de vie familiale pour ceux qui ne sont pas suffisamment protégés par la loi.
Do we know the normal anterior-posterior diameters of the spinal cord and canal in newborns?
Authors: ÖZBEY Öner , ARSLAN Fatma Zeynep , KÖREZ Muslu Kazım , PAYASLI Müge
Published: April 2023

Aim: We aim to reveal the normal anterior-posterior diameter of the spinal cord and canal at cervical, thoracic and lumbar levels in newborn with sonographic measurements and to create a reference value. Also, we aim to reveal whether the anterior-posterior diameter at these levels will vary with the newborn's head circumference, gender, height and weight. Thus, we aim to be one of the pioneering studies in the literature

Material and Method: Statistical analysis was performed to determine normal anterior-posterior diameter for the spinal canal and spinal cord at each vertebral level, and their correlations with birth weight, length and head circumference.

Results: 188 newborns were included. The mean anteroposterior spinal canal diameter in male newborns was significantly higher compared to females (9.27±0.83 vs 9.00±0.79, p=.020). There was a positive correlation between spinal cord anterior-posterior diameter and head circumference at thoracic level, which was statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between spinal canal diameter and height at thoracic level. There was a positive correlation between spinal canal diameter and weight at lumbar level.

Conclusion: The establishment of the normal values for anterior-posterior diameters of the spinal cord in healthy newborns may contribute the current literature data.
Can asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection cause spontaneous abortion?
Authors: BENDER Rukiye Ada , AKBULAK Renginar , SENGUL Ali
Published: April 2023

Aim: The probability of spontaneous abortion is known to increase (15%) in the pregnant women who develop symptomatic and even “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)” due to maternal infections. It is known that the SARS-CoV-2 virus, one of these infectious agents, enters host cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). New literature data have shown the increased ACE2 receptor in the endometrium during the decidualization phase and the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to enter endometrial stromal cells through ACE2 proteins. This shows that the COVID-19 infection can cause many pathologies such as early pregnancy loss. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus which are positive in the uterine samples on pregnancy loss.

Material and Method: 13 women who had first trimester pregnancy loss were included in this cross-sectional study. None of these pregnant women had any known symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was screened in uterus and naso-oropharynx samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test in these pregnant women. Women with positive RT-PCR results will be evaluated for pneumonia by lung tomography. It is planned to evaluate the sample taken from the naso-oropharynx in the partners of these women for SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR. In addition, in positive cases, RT-PCR was planned from the uterus and naso-oropharynx samples at 7-day intervals until the case turned negative.

Results: RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 was positive only in a sample taken from the uterus of one woman (7.6%). The naso-oropharyngeal sample of the same patient was negative, and the patient had no symptoms of COVID-19. No COVID-19-related lesion was observed in the lung tomography of this patient. The results of the RT-PCR test performed 7 days later with samples taken from the uterus and naso-pharynx were also negative. After the patient's positive RT-PCR result, a naso-oropharyngeal sample was taken from his partner. The RT-PCR test result for SARS-CoV-2 in the patient's partner was negative.

Conclusion: The fact that the SARS-CoV-2 virus was negative in the naso-oropharyngeal sample and positive in the uterine sample in a pregnant woman who had a miscarriage suggests that the endometrium may be an entry route for the virus. These data suggest that the virus can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including early pregnancy loss, even without known symptoms. A large number of studies are needed to evaluate the effects of common viruses on pregnancy beyond the expected and defined symptoms.
Evaluation of polysomnography changes in patients using antidepressants
Authors: KARA Mehmet , KILIÇ Soner
Published: April 2023

Aim: In patients followed up with sleep disorders and receiving antidepressant treatment, the choice of antidepressant should be appropriate to the characteristics of the patient and the drug. The aim of this study is to show the effects of antidepressant drug selection on polysomnography results.

Material and Method: This study was planned retrospectively and was conducted by scanning patient files. Between 01.06.2018 and 01.06.2022, the files of patients who underwent polysomnography in the sleep laboratory of our hospital and were using antidepressants were scanned. Differences between antidepressant groups and polysomnography results were analyzed with IBM SPSS v23.

Results: 103 patients (43 women/60 men) were included in the study. It was determined that 56 of these patients used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and 47 of them used serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Yates correction was used in the comparison of gender according to the groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the distributions of gender according to the groups (p=0.248). According to the drug groups, the results of the polysomnography examined in the study do not differ according to the groups.

Conclusion: It was shown that the antidepressant groups examined in the study did not differ in terms of affecting the results of polysomnography. Other clinical characteristics of the patient can be taken into account in the selection of antidepressants in these groups.
Does adolescent pregnancy affect postmenopausal bone mineral density?
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Cevdet , SEYFETTİNOĞLU Sevtap
Published: April 2023

Aim: This study aims to investigate the effect of adolescent pregnancies on bone mineral density in the postmenopausal period and to contribute to this controversial issue.

Material and Method: Our study included 70 women at postmenopausal ages. The participants were divided into two groups. Thirty-five women with a history of pregnancy in adolescence were considered group 1, and 35 women without a history of pregnancy were considered group 2. The BMD was measured in the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine. The data were compared using SPSS version 26, and p
Short-term effects of horizontal muscle operations on anterior and posterior segment parameters in strabismus patients
Authors: SOYDAN Adem , KAYMAZ Abdulgani , KILIÇ ÜÇGÜL Rukiye , ULAŞ Fatih , ÇELEBİ Serdar
Published: April 2023

Aim: To evaluate the short-term effects of horizontal muscle resection (Rt) or recession (Rs) surgeries on anterior and posterior segment parameters (ASPs and PSPs) in strabismus patients, using Pentacam HR and optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices.

Material and Method: This prospective study included 21 female and 17 male patients who underwent horizontal muscle surgery (Rt or Rs). ASPs were evaluated with Pentacam HR and PSPs were evaluated with OCT, one day before and one month after surgery.

Results: The mean age of all the patients included in the study was 16.52±7.90 years. Rt surgery was performed on 18 patients and Rs surgery on 20 patients. When the pre- and postoperative measurement values of all patients were compared, statistically significant differences were found in respect of iridocorneal angle (ICA) 90° and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in both the Rt and Rs groups. A significant narrowing was detected in ICA 90° and ACD in Rt patients (p
A biomarker predicting unfavorable prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma: systemic immune–inflammation index
Authors: BAYKAL Hüsnü , ÇİMEN Filiz
Published: April 2023

Aim: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an extremely mortal condition. Only a few prognostic biomarkers have been described for MPM. Our study looked into the association between patient survival and the Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII).

Material and Method: A total of 158 patients who were admitted to our hospital between January 2013 and December 2022, and had a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of MPM were included in the study. Before treatment, hematological parameters and SII were determined. A Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation of mean survival with hematological parameters.

Results: The study involved 158 patients in all. 70 patients had a history of smoking, the median age was 63 years, the mean survival time was 15.3 months, and 57.6% of the participants were men. The epithelioid type (84.2%) was the most prevalent histological subtype, and 29 patients had stage 4 illnesses. Of the participants, 84% had received chemotherapy, and 22% had received radiotherapy before. Among the 39 patients who had surgery, 5 had an extrapleural pneumonectomy. SII mean±sd was (1427.2±1207.3). The patients with stage 4 disease had significantly shorter survival (p=0.001). The patients who had surgery survived significantly longer (p=0.01). Hemoglobin (Hb) (r:0.21, p:0.01) and Hematocrit (Hct) (r:0.18, p:0.03) values showed weak positive correlations with mean survival. It was evident that mean survival got shorter as SII (r:-0.17, p:0.04) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (r:-0.19, p:0.02) values got higher. On the other hand, there was a strong positive association between mean survival and the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) (r:0.21, p:0.01). When the parameters that had statistically significant differences among the groups were taken as control variables and the statistical analysis was re-performed, it was found that Hgb and Hct values as well as NLR and LMR ratios lost their significant correlations with survival. However, the SII ratio was still negatively correlated with survival (r:-0.16, p:0.04).

Conclusion: Pretreatment SII is a noninvasive and easy-to-calculate biomarker that predicts the prognosis of MPM. It is negatively correlated with mean survival regardless of the tumor stage and surgical management.
Investigation of the effect of age-related hearing loss on visual memory
Authors: ATİLLA Mahmut Huntürk
Published: April 2023

Aim: To investigate the effect of age-related hearing loss on visual memory.

Material and Method: 20 participants with normal hearing loss and 38 participants with hearing loss were included in the study. All of the patients were older than 65 years. Pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry and Benton visual retention test were applied to all participants.

Results: Mean Benton test score of the hearing-normal and the hearing loss group were 13.10±1.48 and 8.81±3.27 respectively. Patients were divided into three groups as hearing-normal, hearing loss with WRS greater than 80% and hearing loss with WRS lower than 80%. In terms of Benton scores there was statistically significant difference between groups (p
Changes in nasolabial angle may alter nasal valve morphology and airflow: a computational fluid dynamics study
Authors: ERDOĞAN Mehmet Mustafa , UĞUR Levent
Published: April 2023

Aim: Nasal valve (NV) dysfunctions are a significant cause of nasal obstruction. Changes in the nasolabial angle (NLA) may also cause changes in NV morphology. The effect of changes in the 3D structure of the nasal valve region (NVR) on nasal airflow has yet to be studied sufficiently. The accuracy of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results of nasal airflow has been confirmed by in vitro tests. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of changes in NV structure and volume on nasal airflow based on the CFD method.

Material and Method: We used CT images to create a 3D structural model of the NVR. First, CT images were transferred to MIMICS® software, and the nasal air passage was modeled. A solid reference model of the NVR was then created using SolidWorks software. Five different solid 3D nasal valve models were created with nasolabial angles of 85˚ in Model 1, 90˚ in Model 2, 95˚ in Model 3, 100˚ in Model 4, and 105˚ in Model 5. To simulate breathing during rest and exercise using the CFD method, the unilateral nasal airflow rates were set at 150 ml/s and 500 ml/s, respectively. The CFD method was then used to calculate each model’s airflow properties. Finally, the volumes of the models, pressure at the NV outlet, and airflow velocity were evaluated and calculated to investigate each model’s NV airflow characteristics.

Results: Our study found a significant correlation between the nasolabial angle (NLA) and NVR volume (r=-0.998, p=0.000), flow rate and velocity (r=0.984, p=0.000), velocity and maximum pressure (r=0.920, p=0.000), velocity and minimum pressure (r=-0.969, p=0.000), flow rate and maximum pressure (r=0.974, p=0.000), and flow rate and minimum pressure (r=-0.950, p=0.000). There was no correlation between NLA increase and nasal airflow velocity. We determined that the highest pressure and lowest airflow velocity values were in the upper angle region and that the lowest pressure and highest airflow velocity values were at the bottom of the NVR in all models.

Conclusion: Using the CFD method, we found a decrease in NVR volume and an increase in airflow velocity with an increase in NLA. In addition, we found that the pressure values in the NVR did not change significantly with the increase in NLA.
A Law for Irreversible Thermodynamics? Synergy Increases Free Energy by Decreasing Entropy
Authors: Jaffe Klaus
Published: April 2023

Synergy is defined as an interaction giving rise to a whole that is greater than the simple sum of its parts. Here I explore empirically some thermodynamic properties of phenomena that are intuitively recognized as synergetic in a wide range of disciplines, searching for common features. In all cases studied, a decrease in entropy (S) was coupled to an increase in free energy (G). This is congruent with the assumption of the first and second law of thermodynamics that the total energy in a closed system is constant and is the sum of G and S. As no law of thermodynamics was deduced by theory but originated by pure empirical data, I propose a law for open synergistic systems that states that increases in G are coupled to decreases in S, allowing to thermodynamically recognize synergy. Open systems where S decreases without increases in G are not synergetic. This insight can be applied in a wide range of disciplines in natural and social sciences.
Advisory caution message on retail packaging of Levothyroxine and its significance in the treatment of hypothyroidism
Authors: Thakur Alok
Published: April 2023

Levothyroxine is extensively used for overt hypothyroidism. Most of the time, it is also prescribed by general practitioners in developing countries for subclinical hypothyroidism at the initial stages, despite adequate recommendations for the treatment, causing the manifestation of new health disorders. Therefore, it is opined that an advisory caution message be inscribed on the retail packaging of Levothyroxine to give an indication to the non-endocrinologist general practitioner about the correct treatment protocol and also make aware the patient.
The new BRICS development bank will keep foreign exchange reserves of countries that do not trust the West
Authors: Popov Vladimir
Published: April 2023

Only in recent years Western countries have frozen foreign exchange reserves of Libya (2011), Iran (2012), Venezuela (2019), Afghanistan (2021), and Russia (2022). Other countries could be also targeted under many different pretexts - from violations of human rights and lack of democracy to insufficient support of sanctions against Russia and other countries. Where to store foreign exchange reserves now, if not in dollars and euros? Only in yuan and gold? Yes, but there is another option as well.
Study of the impact of landfill on the health and population living conditions, residing in the settlements adjacent to the landfills
Authors:   State Institution ", Stankevych V.V. ,   O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Tetenоva I.O. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Trakhtenherz H.A. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU"
Published: April 2023

Objective: To determine the influence of landfills (by the example of landfill of municipal solid waste - MSW, located near the village of Kriukivshchyna, Kyiv oblast) on health and living conditions of the population in nearby villages. Materials and methods: The study was performed as per standardized procedures. Data analysis of morbidity of population according to statistical reporting was conducted in 3 localities. For the independent assessment of the health status of residents in areas adjacent to the dumping of solid waste a questionnaire was developed and a survey of the population (89 questionnaires) conducted. Results: Analysis of the data on the incidence in the population, residing in the settlements adjacent to the landfills, showed that a negative impact of the landfills on the environment significantly affected the living conditions of the population, including health parameters. It was found that the level of morbidity of the population with cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, infectious diseases in villages adjacent to the sites of MSW removal, on average 1.5-2.0 times higher than the similar average regional indicators. At the same time, there is a tendency of increase of incidence rates by 1.4-2.3 times with decreasing distance from the settlement to the landfill from 960 m to 500 m. A sociological survey of the population according to the questionnaire developed by us (89 respondents) showed that the majority of the population assesses the state of the environment in their settlement and the surrounding area as unsatisfactory, linking it with the impact of the landfill, and also notes that functioning near landfill settlement has a negative impact on their health and living conditions.
PEMIKIRAN TAFSIR GENDER HUSEIN MUHAMMAD DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM (STUDI PUSTAKA BUKU FIQH PEREMPUAN)
Authors: Fahmi Arofi Moh.
Published: April 2023

Melihat terjadinya berbagai perubahan sosial yang sangat besar, perempuan berhak memiliki peran yang sama terhadap kemajuan zaman sebagai khalifah di bumi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjabarkan pemikiran tafsir gender K.H. Husein Muhammad dalam buku Fiqh Perempuan, Refleksi Kiai atas Tafsir Wacana Agama dan Gender. Pemikiran tersebut berupa landasan dan produk pemikiran dalam berbagai penafsiran akan hukum islam berkaitan dengan permasalahan perempuan. Kemudian, tujuan kedua adalah menganalisis implikasi pemikiran tafsir gender beliau terhadap pendidikan Islam.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif jenis kepustakaan dengan teknik analisis dokumentasi. Maka, hasil dari telaah pemikiran beliau akan memiliki banyak manfaat. Salah satunya akan menjadi sebuah materi pendidikan islam yang lebih relevan dan menjunjung maslahat. Karena para ahli fiqh islam sepakat, bahwasanya fiqh haruslah menjamin kemaslahatan bagi manusia secara sosial. Kemudian peran ini dihadapkan kepada setiap elemen agar membantu membentuk lingkungan yang mendukung generasi baru yang berwawasan kemanusiaan demi terciptanya Islam Rahmatan lil ‘Aalamiin.
PENERAPAN MODEL BLENDED LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIKIH KELAS IV DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Alvin Nadiroh Robiatin
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui perencanaan dan penerapan dalam menggunakan model blended learning pada mata pelajaran Fikih di era new normal. Metode penelitian yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan bentuk studi kasus. Kemudian untuk teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi.Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Perencanaan model blended learning dilakukan dengan sitematis dari merencanakan waktu, lokasi, materi, metode, media, langkah-langkah  pembelajaran, dan pembuatan RPP (Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran); 2) Penerapan model blended learning di MI Masyhariyah Kebontemu dapat peneliti simpulkan berlangsug dengan baik.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS MELALUI STRATEGI JOYFULL LEARNING DI TAMAN PENDIDIKAN QUR’AN AL MUSTHOFA PAKIS MALANG
Authors: Islamiah Rokhimatul Islamiah , Rif’an Ali Rif’an
Published: April 2023

Pendidikan mempunyai peranan sangat penting dalam membentuk kepribadian dan tingkah laku anak. Pendidikan tidak pernah lepas dari nilai agama yang harus diajarkan kepada anak sejak dini. Tujuannya pendidikan agar tercipta penanaman nilai dan karakter yang baik salah satunya adalah karakter religius.dalam meningkatkan karakter religius salah satu komponen pembelajaran adalah strategi pembelajaran. TPQ Al-Musthofa Pakis merupakan lembaga pendidikan non formal karena baru pertama kali menggunakan strategi joyfull learning Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menambah kajian wawasan keilmuan mengenai pendidikan karakter religius melalui strategi joyfull learning khususnya di TPQ Al-Musthofa Pakis. Untuk mengetahui Implementasi Strategi joyfull learning pada penanaman pendidikan karakter religius. Untuk mengetahui Kendala dalam Implementasi strategi joyfull learning pada penanaman pendidikan karakter religius di TPQ Al Musthofa Pakis Malang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis data dilakukan dengan kondensasi data, ditarik kesimpulan. Dalam memeriksa kevalidan dilakukan dengan triangulasi.
PEMBIASAAN SHALAT DHUHA SEBAGAI MEDIUM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER RABBANI PESERTA DIDIK DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH AHMAD YANI JABUNG
Authors: Shofiyah Santi Santi , Handoko Handoko Handoko
Published: April 2023

Excessive use of technology has a negative impact and causes a moral crisis. Educational institutions are a forum for students in handling these cases. SMP Sunan Kalijogo 2 Jabung has a new breakthrough by holding the Madrosatul Qur'an. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the Madrosatul Qur'an program, the supporting and inhibiting factors, the results of internalizing the Nabawiyah through the Madrosatul Qur'an. This research is a mixed methods with explaratory sequential design. The results showed; 1) The Madrosatul Qur'an at SMP Sunan Kalijogo 2 is a Qur'an reading program which is carried out every day before learning, 2) the supporting factors are trained teachers and the pesantren environment. the inhibiting factor is that students are less religious and less time allocated, 3) The results of internalizing Nabawiyah through this program Students have consistent honesty, responsibility, good reasoning, and being open to others
INTERNALISASI AKHLAK NABAWIYAH MELALUI PROGRAM MADROSATUL QUR’AN DI SMP SUNAN KALIJOGO JABUNG MALANG
Authors: Ula Yusi Aimatul , Firdausia Nury Firdausia
Published: April 2023

Excessive use of technology has a negative impact and causes a moral crisis. Educational institutions are a forum for students in handling these cases. SMP Sunan Kalijogo 2 Jabung has a new breakthrough by holding the Madrosatul Qur'an. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the Madrosatul Qur'an program, the supporting and inhibiting factors, the results of internalizing the Nabawiyah through the Madrosatul Qur'an. This research is a mixed methods with explaratory sequential design. The results showed; 1) The Madrosatul Qur'an at SMP Sunan Kalijogo 2 is a Qur'an reading program which is carried out every day before learning, 2) the supporting factors are trained teachers and the pesantren environment. the inhibiting factor is that students are less religious and less time allocated, 3) The results of internalizing Nabawiyah through this program Students have consistent honesty, responsibility, good reasoning, and being open to others
PERPADUAN SISTEMIK-ORGANIK MENUJU PERPADUAN EPISTEMIK: DILEMA INTEGRASI PESANTREN DAN PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Salam Nor Salam , Rofiq Irsyaddur Rofiq
Published: April 2023

kajian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penilaian yang di satu sisi menempatkan lembaga pendidikan pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang jumud, sementara di sisi lain, tidak jarang yang memandang bahwa pesantren begitu adaptif dalam merespon tantang zaman. Salah satunya adalah eskalasi pesantren yang memiliki lembaga pendidikan tinggi, mulai dari yang berstatus sekolah tinggi hingga universitas. Namun tentu saja, berdirinya perguruan tinggi di lingkungan pesantren menjadi dilema tersendiri jika disadari sejak awal bahwa hadirnya lembaga pendidikan tersebut tentu sulit untuk menggeser “fanatisme” yang tertanam dalam civitas pesantren akan kepesantrenannya itu. Kemungkinan sebaliknya, bisa saja, “fanatisme” akan perguruan tinggi bagi para civitas akademiknya sedikit menguras “keberimanan” terhadap pesantren. Atas dasar itu, kajian ini mencoba untuk menelaah perpaduan antara pesantren dan perguruan tinggi dalam rangka membuktikan adanya dilema yang dimaksudkan. Melalui artikel ini, jika penelitian yang ada membuktikan keberhasilan integrasi pesantren dan perguruan tinggi melalui istilah perpaduan sistemik-organik, maka hemat penulis, yang harus dilakukan sebagai pengembangan integrasi keilmuan antara pesantren dan perguruan tinggi adalah integrasi pada tataran epistemik. Melalui perpaduan epistemik ini, diharapkan mampu melahirkan karya-karya orisinal dari pesantren melalui bahts al-kutub yang memadukan antara penguasaan konten dan kemampuan metodologis.
Innovation and firm performance: Is R&D worth it? An empirical case of Vietnam enterprises
Authors:   Can Tho University, Vietnam, Tran My Ngo , Le Tien Hoang Thuy ,   Can Tho University, Vietnam, Tran Yen Thi Bach ,   Can Tho University, Vietnam
Published: April 2023

This study aims to analyze the impact of R&D and product innovation on firm performance in Vietnam using a sample of 397 firms. The resource-based view is used as the underlying theory the research model. The statistics show that the Vietnamese firms on average extract 5.82% of total revenue to spend on R&D activities. In addition, there are approximately 32% of the Vietnamese firms in the sample has improved or upgraded products as well as developed new services during the last 3 years. This result has implied that the investment in R&D and the activities on product innovation in Vietnam have been at a relatively modest level. Besides, the regression results showed that product innovation positively affects Vietnamese firms' performance in terms of profitable accounting measures. This result implies that launching new products or improving existing products could be the "fuel" for the growth engine of firms and thus could improve the performance for the Vietnamese firms. Also, R&D was found to have a positive impact on firm performance in the Vietnam context. Hence, it could be said that investing in R&D is necessary to improve firm performance in an emerging market like Vietnam. R&D could be a means to help firms create competitive advantages and increase their profits. Moreover, R&D could also be the premise of innovation activities for firms. These results indicated that the resource-based view theory is empirically supported in the Vietnamese context. As a result, this study's evidence calls for the consideration of R&D investment and product innovation to improve the firm performance in this market. Furthermore, the statistical evidence in this study shows that export intensity has positively influenced on firm performance in the Vietnamese market.
The agglomeration of business types at the regional level in Vietnam
Authors:   Van Lang University, Vietnam, Truong Bac Cong
Published: April 2023

This study evaluates the agglomeration of different types of enterprises in Vietnam and the influence of agglomeration among others by analyzing the concentration distribution of enterprises using the Moran I index and the LISA index. (Local Indicators of Spatial Association). Research data includes enterprise data taken from the statistics of provinces for the period from 2005 to 2019 in the Statistical Yearbook and spatial data extracted from GADM (Database of Global Administrative Areas). Research results show that the small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam lack agglomeration. For the few existing business clusters, most are in the form of a "Marshallian cluster" model, represented in the form of industrial clusters. In addition, the agglomeration of large enterprises mainly takes place according to the model of the "Satellite Platform cluster" model, which is represented in the form of industrial parks with the concentration of large companies and corporations participating in the global value chain. Although foreign small and medium-sized enterprises have begun to participate in the Vietnamese market, Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises have increasingly met the requirements of large corporations and multinational companies, becoming large companies’ partners and gradually integrating into their supply chains. This leads to the emergence of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters besides those of large enterprises.
Special Vehicles and Equipment in Fire Operations Used in Different Regions
Authors: Pántya Péter
Published: April 2023

Different parts of the world have different disasters or fire and technical rescue events. Economic, infrastructural and natural environmental differences cause great variances. The nations employ various organisations, depending on the available possibilities, with diverse technical solutions to eliminate the sources of fire, disaster, incident dangers. In case of fires and technical rescue occasions that have already occurred and require intervention and pose a direct threat to human life, physical integrity and property, these tasks are typically performed by fire brigade organisations. These organisations also carry out more or less extensive activities in their areas of responsibility; however, national solutions may involve the use of firefighting vehicles and equipment that differ significantly from one neighbouring country to another.The article presents the general firefighting vehicles used internationally and in Hungary and their characteristic capabilities, together with the widely used technical equipment and devices worldwide, built-in or mobile firefighting machines. In this paper a wide-ranging inspection of firefighting vehicles are demonstrated, and the description of the firefighting equipment can be interpreted together with the carrier vehicles. By special fire engines, the author here means vehicles that are on standby in each country, but only in small numbers and only alerted a few times a year. An important aspect in this category is that the design and equipment of these firefighting vehicles are planned to eliminate special incident situations that are unlikely to occur, but pose a great threat to human life, physical integrity or the property of the country and citizens, even in the short term. The article focuses also on these less frequent, more specialised firefighting vehicles and technical devices, with a description of their typical deployment conditions.When drawing the conclusions, the ideas and solutions found during the international outlook worthy of Hungarian adaptation are presented. Here the national adaptation possibilities of each international, special firefighting vehicle, the advantages they can provide and the expected disadvantages are examined. The content of the article is a general summary that fills a gap due to the small amount of international literature, which can also be used during research, investigation and education in this research field.
The foreign policy program of the modern left movement of Uruguay: regional and global dimensions
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg University, Andreev Anton
Published: April 2023

Political developments 2020–2021 in Latin America allow us to talk about the beginning of a new left turn in the region. The rise of the in-fluence of left forces on the continent is having an impact on the left in Uruguay, where the traditional right parties are now in power. The pur-pose of this article is to determine the features of the foreign policy program of the modern left forces of Uruguay. Based on party pro-grams, speeches of party leaders, parliamentary discussions, the article shows how the Uruguayan left perceives global and regional processes, how they see the future of the country's foreign policy. Article presents the expert assessments of the effectiveness of modern Uruguayan di-plomacy, shows the scenarios for its changes if the left coalition returns to power. Particular attention is paid to Russian-Uruguayan relations in the context of the left movement.
Brazilian Right: brief outline of historical trajectory in the XX – first quarter of the XXI centuries
Authors:   MGIMO–University, Okuneva Lyudmila
Published: April 2023

Right-wing parties and movements, as well as right-wing ide-ology, are an important factor in the political life of Latin American countries. By the end of the second decade of the XXI century. more than half of the political regimes of Latin American countries were right-wing or center-right. In the ar-ticle, on the example of the analysis of the Brazilian version of the phenomenon of the right trend, an attempt is made to show the reasons for the very existence and political survival of the right and their popularity in society, the deep rootedness of the right ideology in the depths of public consciousness, its influence on public sentiment. A brief analysis of the ideology and politics of right-wing movements and right-wing political leaders is given – from Getúlio Vargas to Jair Bolsonaro.
Virtual dialogue on the rural family in post-restructuring times in Cuba (2002-2022)
Authors:   Cuban Institute of Cultural Research “Juan Marinello”, Vera Estrada Ana
Published: April 2023

The article constructs a fictitious dialogue between the author and a group of 17 former sugar workers interviewed in various parts of the country between 2004 and 2015 about the closure of sugar mills officially decreed in 2002. The fragments, selected from a group of longer testimonies, are ordered according to a temporal logic that aspires to reflect the three great moments of that complex process of restructuring an industry that had been until now the main support of the economy: the first comprises until the beginning of the process, the second, the relatively brief time during which the order to close, dismantle and redistribute the equipment and goods was executed, the third what was left later. The raw emotions of the witnesses interviewed do not require any scientific explanation to be understood by the reader.
The idea of armed struggle in the left movement of Latin American in the period 1920-1940s.
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Diplomatov Andrey
Published: April 2023

The first half of the XX century was marked for Latin America by a pe-riod of struggle for the political independence of the states of the conti-nent. In the context of direct interference in the state policy of Latin American countries by the United Kingdom and, to an even greater ex-tent, the United States, and the flagship in the struggle for national in-dependence often turned out to be the left movement. At the same time, when determining their strategies and tactics, the Latin American left (both themselves and in discussions with the Third, Communist Inter-national, which "discovered" the continent in 1927) often developed the concept and ideas of an armed seizure of power in order to carry out in-ternal political and economic reforms and ensure the desired national independence. As a result of comparing the ideas and implementation of plans for armed struggle in the left movement of Venezuela, Colom-bia and Cuba, the author comes to the following results: despite the presence of a "coordinating body" in the form of the Comintern, colos-sal differences in the political situation, economic situation and experi-ence of spreading leftist ideas led to the idea of an armed struggle for power in each of the these countries developed separately from the rest. For two decades, events have taken place in the region that allow today to conduct a comparative analysis of the theory and implementation of the idea of an armed struggle for power in different Latin American countries, giving a general assessment of this phenomenon, revealing its general and particular characteristics.
The Bolivian Falange. The Story of the Collapse of a Right-Wing Utopia
Authors:   Institute of the World History of the Russian Academy of Science., Schelchkov Andrey
Published: April 2023

Since the 30s of the XX-th century. in Bolivia, there has been the formation of political forces that will become dominant in Bolivian politics throughout the XX-th century. we are talking about revolutionary nationalism, Indeanism, Marxism and right-wing radicalism of the Spanish type, represented by the Bolivian Socialist Falange party. This article is devoted to the study of the ideology and political practice of the Falange. A feature of the Bolivian phalanx was an attempt to apply right-wing radical views of the philo-fascist type in a country where the Indian population predominated, opposing hispanism and clericalism to Indian nationalism, painted in nationalist and anti-imperialist tones. In addition to putschist political practices, violence and anti-communism, the Bolivian phalanx was distinguished by anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist aspirations, building its own right-wing radical social utopia. This party played an important role in Bolivian politics in the 40-60s of the twentieth century, and then became the basis of both ultra-right marginal groups and part of the «new left» that arose in Bolivia in the 70-80s.