bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of an Extrusion Machine Performance Based on the Working Field of the Extruder Die
Authors: Jinescu Valeriu V. , Juganaru Mihail , Jinescu Cosmin , Sporea Nicoleta
Published: October 2021

Some inventions along with theoretical and experimental research made it possible to increase the output of a thermally homogeneous melt provided by the screw. However, the quality of the extruded product depends on some specific features of the extrusion die and to a large extent on the rheological behavior (viscous and elastic) of the polymer melt. The mismatch between the design of the screw-cylinder subassembly and the design of the extrusion die results in products with relatively short service life. The present paper has drawn up the working field of the extruder die and adjusted it based on the limitations imposed by the screw-cylinder subassembly, namely: - the maximum output rate that ensures the required thermal homogeneity of the melt; - the maximum output at which the heating system on the barrel (and possibly the screw) ensures the extrusion temperature; - the minimum economic output corresponding to the diameter of the screw. The working field of some extrusion dies for blown films of the following polymers have been plotted: polypropylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate.
SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL COMPETENCE AS A PEDAGOGICAL CATEGORY IN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Kumanina N.Y.
Published: October 2021

Social-ecological competence is an integrative indicator of an individual’s ecological culture. The purpose of the article is to analyze and study concepts in the field of social and environmental education in secondary vocational education. The article deals with the features and components of social-ecological competence: social competence and ecological competence in foreign and national science. The etymological and semantic analysis of these terms is conducted and the set of social-ecological competences and levels is given.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE “PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS” IN CONDITIONS OF SELF-ISOLATION
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Baykalova L.V. , Shebalina L.G. ,   Altai State Medical University, Serebryakova L.G. ,   Polzunov Altai State Technical University
Published: October 2021

The article examines the problems of ensuring the discipline “Physical Culture and Sports” in the context of the transition to a distance learning format at the university. The results of the survey of students on the effectiveness of distance technologies in the process of physical education, which involves a shift in emphasis to independent and individual work, are analyzed. A mechanism for organizing the educational process at the university in the discipline “Physical Culture and Sports” using online platforms is proposed, its important points allowing to intensify the motor and cognitive activity of students are highlighted.
COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS: CONTENT AND MEASUREMENT METHODS
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Nekrasova I.I. , Chikova O.A. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The results of the study of the current state of the cognitive activity of students are presented, the main results of national and foreign scientists’ study of the content of the «cognitive activity of students» definition are considered. On the basis of the identified levels of activity: potential, real and realized, a technique has been developed for measuring the levels of students’ cognitive activity, which allows us to determine the dynamics of the students’ cognitive activity formation.
RAILWAY TRANSPORT OF WESTERN SIBERIA IN PROVIDING FOOD FOR THE ARMED FORCES AND POPULATION IN LARGE CITIES OF EUROPEAN RUSSIA DURING WORLD WAR I
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Eryomin I.A.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with issues of the process of railway transport functioning in Western Siberia during World War I and its role in the transportation of food for the armed forces and the population of large industrial centers of European Russia. The potential of railway transport in the region in the period under review is characterized. The stages of using the regional railway transport for the delivery of goods for military needs are identified. The reasons for the crisis in railway transport and its consequences for the supply of food to the military and civilian population are analyzed.
FORMATION OF THE ETHNO-CONFESSIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION OF SEMIPALATINSK IN THE LATE 19th - EARLY 20th CENTURIES
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Mizimbayev T.S.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the history of the formation of the ethno-confessional composition of Semipalatinsk population. Based on the analysis of the 1897 census materials for the Semipalatinsk region, the ratio of representatives of various ethnic and religious groups in the city of Semipalatinsk was revealed. It is shown that despite the polyconfessional composition of the population, in religious terms, Christianity and Islam occupied the key positions. It is determined that the complexity of the ethno-confessional composition of the population predetermined Semipalatinsk’s becoming one of the largest centers of spiritual culture for various religions in the Steppe Governor-General of the Russian Empire.
Éxitos y fracasos de la "Sociedad Anónima de Espectáculos Públicos de Almería"
Authors: Rodríguez López Mauricio
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo investiga la gestión cultural de la única empresa de espectáculos de Almería entre 1914 y 1921. Su objetivo principal es presentar el papel que desempeñó para la historia cultural de la ciudad la sociedad formada el 8 de julio de 1914. A pesar de ser una década marcada por la I Guerra Mundial, existieron unos esfuerzos considerables por ofrecer en todo momento un teatro de calidad a través de las compañías más relevantes del momento. Tras analizar éxitos y fracasos económicos, la investigación finaliza con el estudio del arriendo por diez años del nuevo Teatro Cervantes.
ВИРІШУВАТИ НОВІ ЗАВДАННЯ ОНОВЛЕНИМ СКЛАДОМ
Authors: Lugovyi Volodymyr
Published: October 2021

У виступі відзначено позитивну роль нинішнього складу Національного агентства із забезпечення якості вищої освіти у період його становлення і стабілізації роботи у 2019-2021 рр. З-поміж досягнень наголошено на розв’язанні фундаментальної проблеми створення національної системи забезпечення якості вищої освіти на її базовому, пороговому рівні, рівні мінімально достатньої якості із застосуванням акредитаційних процедур. Акцентовано на важливості наступності при формуванні нового складу Національного агентства. Аргументовано необхідність невідкладної відповіді оновленим складом на більш складний виклик сьогодення щодо досягнення максимально досконалої, топової якості вищої освіти в Україні на основі впровадження і використання національного рейтингу закладів вищої освіти.
Effective control over ensuring human rights and freedoms as a dimension of a democratic society: Social context
Authors: Onishchenko Nataliia M. , Suniehin Serhii O.
Published: October 2021

This research aims to study the problem of ensuring effective control over the implementation and observance of human rights and freedoms, in particular, in the format of social rights. The relevance of the stated topic is determined by the expediency of rethinking the nature and significance of social human rights in the context of modern realities, recognising the fact that the quality of life of each individual depends on the possibility of timely implementation of these rights, and therefore special attention should be paid to ensuring effective control over the observance of social rights in the context of democratic legal development. The basis for the research were the following problems: ensuring a sufficient standard of living for citizens in today's challenges and threats, legal certainty as a prerequisite for a stable law and order, lack of clear guarantees to ensure effective control over human rights and freedoms and more. The purpose of this study is to analyse the role and importance of the nature of social human rights as a component of social policy in order to justify the need to improve control in all its forms and manifestations of the effectiveness of their observance, protection and provision in today's conditions. Important methodological tools in the study were the provisions of the dialectical approach, which provided an opportunity to reveal the nature and purpose of social human rights, as well as areas for improving control over their provision and protection. The main results obtained during the research were: coverage of the essence of social rights at the present stage; study of the nature, levels of manifestation and types of control over the implementation and observance of human rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. The value of this work lies in obtaining practical recommendations for finding ways to improve control over the provision and protection of human rights and freedoms in the context of modern democratic development
PENGARUH HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK HUNGTATA
Authors: Tanata Hungga Fernando , Chirstian Sonata
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of price and promotion on the purchase intention of Hungtata. Hungtata is a company that sells healthy drink products made from fresh and natural juice. This research is based on the surveys conducted towards potential customers of Hungtata regarding price, promotion, and purchase intention. The population of this study were 320 people who knew and followed Hungtata's social media account. Sampling using purposive sampling method with a total of 65 respondents who knew and had never bought Hungtata products. This research uses SPSS software to perform quantitative analysis on the research data. Research results indicate that price and promotion significantly influence the purchase intention of Hungtata.  Keywords: Price, Promotion, Purchase intention.
KEMASAN PRODUK DAN CITA RASA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN THE REMPAH
Authors: Performa Performa
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemasan produk dan cita rasa terhadap keputusan pembelian The Rempah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa Universitas Ciputra yang pernah melakukan pembelian produk The Rempah. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrument kuesioner dengan skala pengukuran data, yaitu skala Likert. Sampel berjumlah 50 responden yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemasan produk dan cita rasa sebagai variabel bebas dan keputusan pembelian sebgai variabel terikat. Model analisis data menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda dengan program SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemasan produk dan cita rasa berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian The Rempah. Penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk menunjukkan pentingnya kemasan serta cita rasa pada suatu produk.
Kata Kunci : Kemasan Produk, Cita Rasa, Keputusan Pembelian
English Department Students’ Anxiety in Interacting Orally with an English Native Speaker Lecturer
Authors: Aprilia Wini
Published: October 2021

Anxiety has a debilitating effect on the oral interaction of English Department students with English native speaker (ENS) lecturer. Thus, the present study seeks to discover the perceived factors that cause anxiety among students in interacting with ENS lecturer in the classroom. Informed by a qualitative approach, data were collected mainly using group semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The study revealed that the English Department students reported four perceived factors, namely,; limited English proficiency, fear of being misunderstood, lack of self-confidence, and fear of negative evaluation. The study suggests that even though ENS has minor influence in students’ anxiety, it remains important for teacher and teacher educators to continuously encourage students to practice speaking English in and off classroom situation.
The Study on Students' Vocabulary Size
Authors: Wero Yuliana T , Machmud Karmila , Husain Nurlaila
Published: October 2021

This study intends to know the vocabulary size of English Department Students in eight semesters. The population of this research is all students in English Department, specifically in eight semesters (class of 2013). This research used purposive sampling in taking the samples, and there are 21 students as the sample obtained from 122 students as the population. The method of this research is quantitative method. The instruments which the researcher used in collecting the data are fix test to measure how large students’ vocabulary size, that divided into two test; Receptive Vocabulary Size Test (RVST) and Productive Vocabulary Size Test (PVST). In analyzing the data, it is used numerical descriptive statistic to describe students’ vocabulary mastery first, and then calculate the vocabulary size. The result of this research shows that students’ receptive and productive vocabulary size were 3,110 words and 1,841 words respectively or in general around 4,905 words,with the receptive vocabulary knowledge was higher than productive vocabulary knowledge. However, it has shown a low result for the students who learned English for about eight semesters, it should be more than that.
TED Talks Use in Speaking Class for Undergraduate Students
Authors: Choirunnisa Mia Refsi , Sari Fatimah Mulya
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

The media essentially supports the teaching and learning process. Video such as from TED Talks source becomes one of the teaching media that can be used by both parties, a teacher and students to improve English skill, especially for speaking skill. In this paper, the purpose is to explore the students' responses toward the implementation of TED Talks in their speaking class. The subjects were 23 undergraduate students who have experienced to watch TED Talks video for supporting their learning process. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method. To gather data, a questionnaires that were distributed through google form with close-ended questions were employed. The findings showed that most students expressed a positive response to the use of TED Talks video to support their speaking class. They assumed that the TED Talks video encouraged them to improve their speaking skill. Besides, there were some benefits to their learning process. They mentioned that they could learn about how to deliver their ideas well, how to express their critical thinking, and how to use appropriate accent, dialect, pronunciation, and fluency. Thus, the students might overcome their difficulties in understanding the speech because of the video’s powerful topics and the delivery speech from non-native speakers.
SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED DRINKING OF WHOLE MILK SUBSTITUTE WITHOUT PIGLETS DEPOSITION: HOW DOES IT AFFECT THE INTENSITY OF THEIR GROWTH AND SAFETY
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, R.V. CHUS , V.N. GAPONENKO ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, D.V. KRYUCHIN ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, A.G. KOSCHAEV ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: October 2021

The effectiveness of using the CulinaCup system for feeding suckling piglets with a substitute for whole milk has been studied. The use of automated feeding equipment for whole milk replacer made it possible to increase the safety of piglets during the suckling period by 2.1%, live weight at weaning by 9.2%, average daily gain by 12.1%, increase the number of weaners per sow by 3.7 heads and reduce the duration of the idle period by 0.8 days.
UNCONVENTIONAL FEED ADDITIVES: WHEY-MINERAL-VITAMIN SUPPLEMENT IN THE DIET OF YOUNG PIGS ON FATTENING DURING THE TESTING PERIOD
Authors:   Bryansk Interregional Veterinary Laboratory, I.I. SIDOROV , L.N. GAMKO ,   Bryansk State Agrarian University, A.G. MENYAKINA ,   Bryansk State Agrarian University, V.E. PODOLNIKOV ,   Bryansk State Agrarian University
Published: October 2021

The article presents the data of production testing on young pigs on fattening when fed as part of a feed mixture of the best dosage of a serum-mineral-vitamin supplement in the amount of 30 g per day per head. The daily increase during the study period was 531 g in the control group and 548 g in the experimental group, or 3.2% more. The exchange energy costs per 1 kg of gain were 10.4% lower in the experimental group compared to the control group animals. The level of profitability of pork production was 1.6% higher in the experimental group.
Szexuális motiváció nyomai a tetthelyen: kriminálpszichológiától a kriminalisztikáig
Authors: Lohner Klaudia , Hermann Zsombor , Haller József
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we examine the question whether criminal psychology can become an auxiliary science of criminalistics in the future. The issue is not trivial, as none of the criminalistic studies. we have examined. pays particular attention to psychology. But in the UK, criminal psychology seems already to be one of the resources of criminalistics. We examine the issue through the presentation of the first results of one of our ongoing research projects. By using a machine-learning approach we show that the motivation for homicide can be predicted with a precision of over 90% based solely on on-site clues. We believe that this, perhaps modest, research result goes beyond itself and raises the possibility that continuation and completion of the research may turn criminal psychology into a resource of criminalistics in Hungary, as well, probably the second time in the world.
A felderítés értelmezési tartományai a büntető eljárásjogban és a kriminalisztikában
Authors: Székely György László
Published: October 2021

The new Hungarian criminal procedure code has divided the previously unified investigation into detection and inquiry phases. In the two stages of the investigation, the relationship and powers of the police and the prosecutor are different, and the legislator envisioned and proposed different “method” of investigation in the two stages (the detection phase originally has a data-gathering nature, while the inquiry phase has a proving nature). If we review the terminology of criminal detection in the criminal procedure code, or in the previous Hungarian codes, and in the theories of jurisprudence, we can find very different meanings. Criminal detection also means something different in the Anglo-Saxon approaches, and in the Hungarian forensic sciences. In my study I review and compare these different meanings, and I examine, if these meanings correlate to the detection-conception of the criminal procedure code.
A mesterséges intelligencia kriminalisztikai aspektusai
Authors: Herke Csongor
Published: October 2021

The artificial intelligence (AI) is present in many areas of our daily lives. AI needs to change fundamentally the hitherto generally accepted approach to machines. While it is true for traditional computers that they only execute what they are programmed for, the most advanced and sophisticated AI systems are able to autonomously act, accept, and execute their own decisions that their programmers could not foresee. It is easy to see that the AI will appear and be usable in almost all areas of forensics in the future. AI can be by orders of magnitude faster and more accurate than human being. The installed AI software is able to perform complex calculations faster and simultaneously, even if you can’t think faster yet. In addition, an AI- robot can perform activities that a human being would not do, or would only do at high risk, due to security reasons. The AI can be sent to a room endangered by a bomb, but it can take part in th e capture of dangerous searched terrorists, or it can also perform its task in the vicinity of materials dangerous to human life. The study primarily reviews some AI related aspects in planning and organizing of the investigation, in risk assessment and in international criminal cooperation.
Forenzikus tudományok ostrom alatt
Authors: Kovács Gábor
Published: October 2021

Deep international study of validity and reliability of forensic evidence have resulted in serious reforms in the last two decades. The period of scientific evaluation of forensic disciplines took place in the period when the attention generated by the appearance of new criminal tv-shows turned to the forensic science. However, the coincidence in time does not necessary mean that the two phenomena are related. In any case, international scientific debate about admissibility of forensic methods led to a point, when – according to Pyrek - forensic science has undergoing siege. It can be determined, that only a few researchers have addressed this topic more in-depth in Hungary. The aim of the article is to review the most important scientific results dealing with weaknesses of forensic science and expert evidence.
Zadig, Holmes és Zoltán zászlós, avagy mit bizonyít a nyomozó?
Authors: Angyal Miklós
Published: October 2021

It is a reverting question in interpretation of law, whether evidence is only connected to the term trials or there are also procedural actions of investigation and impeachment periods included. I agree that the answer on this question depends first of all on the regulation system of the given criminal procedural law (Bérces, 2018). There is anyhow a common element in several procedures: the wish of getting acquainted. From this it appears that we have a false opinion on getting acquainted if we think that the role of investigation is – according to the interpretation of the effective criminal procedural law – just to gather facts and data; evidence should take place in the judicial phase. Namely human understanding can basically be connected to perception, cognition, imagination and mentality. And mentality includes also reasoning, conclusion and decision as a result of sensory and emotionally processes. A good investigator will examine by questioning and analysing in the knowledge that the final result of all his actions is to have evidences in the judicial phase available, which can clear doubts about relevant facts for the criminal law. That means, that his cognitive activity – even if it seems distantly „just” as an investigative procedure - includes numerous momentums of evidence (Tremmel, 2012). So, an adequate (and in many cases also lucky) investigation will uncover reality of the past – offering each element of that – and also confirm that, giving an opportunity that the truth of uncovering will be – practically one-to-one – the legally established truth. This paper aims to appreciate person and works of the eighty years old Professor Flórián Tremmel by historical, film and literature historical examples in connection with investigation and recognition.
CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP, PREREQUISITES FOR SOCIAL PROGRESS
Authors: Manea Daniela-Ioana , Istudor Nicolae , Dinu Vasile , Paraschiv Dorel-Mihai
Published: October 2021

Quality of life and social welfare are objectives of the social policy of any state. The study aims to identify the influence of factors such as the circular economy, digital innovation, sustainable entrepreneurship on social progress and completes the current approach identified in the literature by assessing the dependencies between the phenomena represented by them. The quantification of the influences of the enumerated factors on social progress was achieved by identifying some synthetic indicators, such as composite indices, which would surprise the complexity of the analyzed phenomena. To measure the progress of the transition to the circular economy – using multivariate analysis methods – a composite indicator has been proposed and determined that allows the ranking of EU states according to its orientation, as a premise of social progress, and can substantiate the adjustment national policies. The integration of the proposed indicator in the regression models used, with similar indices, is done to highlight the impact of the circular economy, innovation and sustainable entrepreneurship on social progress. Thus, the adaptation of digital technologies in current business models, the development of sustainable innovative entrepreneurship support the transition from the linear economy to a circular economy and offer new study opportunities.
The Solar Neighborhood XLVIII: Nine Giant Planets Orbiting Nearby K Dwarfs, and the CHIRON Spectrograph’s Radial Velocity Performance
Authors: Paredes Leonardo A. , Henry Todd J. , Quinn Samuel N. , Gies Douglas R. , Hinojosa-Goñi Rodrigo , James Hodari-Sadiki , Jao Wei-Chun , White Russel J.
Published: October 2021

We report initial results of a large radial velocity survey of K dwarfs up to a distance of 50 pc from the solar system, to look for stellar, brown dwarf, and Jovian planets using radial velocities from the CHIRON spectrograph on the CTIO/SMARTS 1.5 m telescope. We identify three new exoplanet candidates orbiting host stars in the K dwarf survey and confirm a hot Jupiter from TESS orbiting TOI 129. Our techniques are confirmed via five additional known exoplanet orbiting K dwarfs, bringing the number of orbital solutions presented here to 9, each hosting an exoplanet candidate with a minimum mass of 0.5–3.0 M
Jup. In addition, we provide a list of 186 nearby K dwarfs with no detected close companions that are ideal for more sensitive searches for lower-mass planets. This set of stars is used to determine CHIRON’s efficiency, stability, and performance for radial velocity work. For K dwarfs with V = 7–12, we reach radial velocity precisions of 5–20 ms−1 under a wide range of observing conditions. We demonstrate the stability of CHIRON over hours, weeks, and years using radial velocity standards, and describe instrumental capabilities and operation modes available for potential users.
Scale-up and impact of digital and molecular diagnostic technologies on TB diagnosis and timely linkage to care in Tajikistan
Authors: Khushvakhtov Shodmon , Davtyan Hayk , Alaverdyan Sevak , Harries Anthony , Kabirov Olim , Azamova Shahnoza , Sharipova Firuza , Sattorov Safarkhon , Rajabov Asliddin
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Tajikistan is scaling up molecular diagnostic and digital technologies to strengthen its fight against drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). The study aimed to document national scale-up GeneXpert/GxAlert and Open MRS from 2012-2019 and compare time taken from TB diagnosis to treatment and quality of data recording before and after the introduction of GxAlert.

Methodology: This was a longitudinal study that included a comparison of historical cohorts. Continuous variables were compared using Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test and categorical variables using the chi square test.

Results: GeneXpert was introduced in 2011 and scaled up to 46 instruments in 43 (51%) diagnostic laboratories by May 2019. GxAlert was introduced in August 2018 and connected with all GeneXpert instruments by February 2019. Open MRS was introduced in 2014 and implemented in all 108 treatment centers by mid-2018. Time from diagnosis to treatment pre-GxAlert (range 0-749, median 3, days) was significantly longer than with GxAlert (range 0-273, median 3, days) (p <0.001). The proportion of patients whose time from diagnosis to treatment was > 2 weeks was 16% (282/1740) pre-GxAlert and 11% (206/1902) with GxAlert (p < 0.001). Between 31%-34% of patients with DR-TB results in Open MRS did not have results available in GeneXpert/GxAlert systems. Where results were present in both systems, there were discrepancies in 8.2% of patients pre-GxAlert and 4.3% with GxAlert (p = 0.25).

Conclusions: The scale-up of GeneXpert and digital technologies in Tajikistan was associated with a reduction in the proportion of patients with delays more than 2 weeks between diagnosis and treatment, but data quality recording improved only slightly.
Short and long-term outcomes of video observed treatment in tuberculosis patients, the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Doltu Svetlana , Ciobanu Ana , Sereda Yuliia , Persian Ruth , Ravenscroft Luke , Kasyan Liana , Truzyan Nune , Dadu Andrei , Reid Anthony
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The Republic of Moldova is among the 18 high priority countries for tuberculosis (TB) in Europe. This study compared adherence and short and long-term TB treatment outcomes for TB patients who experienced asynchronous Video Observed Treatment (aVOT) during three months of outpatient treatment versus Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) in operational conditions in 2016-2017 in Chisinau.

Methodology: We used secondary data from the 2016-2017 Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) that piloted the aVOT Strategy in Chisinau and data from the national TB register. Relative risk was selected as a measure of association in analysis of treatment strategies (aVOT and DOT under operational conditions) and short and long-term treatment outcomes.

Results: From 647 TB patients included in the study, 169 followed the treatment strategy in the RCT (83 in aVOT and 86 in DOT) and 478 were on DOT in operational conditions. Those in aVOT were more likely to have favourable short-term outcome than patients with DOT in operational conditions (RR 0.07; p < 0.001). TB recurrence as an indicator for the long-term outcome, was observed in group with DOT in operational conditions (40 cases, p = 0.006).

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the aVOT treatment strategy was associated with better adherence and both short and long-term TB treatment favourable outcomes. aVOT as a new patient-centred approach supporting TB patients on improving treatment adherence and outcomes might be recommended as an alternative to DOT strategy in the Republic of Moldova.
Single-port Laparoscopy with Modified Needle Hook-assisted Extracorporeal High Ligation of Hernia Defects (Suwardi’s Technique): An Experience from Single-center Hospital
Authors: Fahmy Alfian , Santoso Putra Galih , David Perdana Putra Muhammad , Suwardi Suwardi
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy has long been used for the evaluation of hernia defects on the contralateral side when performing herniated tears in children. In 1997, El Gohary first reported laparoscopic treatment of hernia repair in a female patient. Since then, laparoscopic inguinal hernia ligation has been performed in various medical institutions with a variety of methods including closing the defect intraperitoneally and extracorporeal ligation of the herniated ring defect.

CASE PRESENTATION: Data were taken from January 2016 to December 2020 in the Pediatric Surgery Department of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 22 cases, consisting of 19 boys and 3 girls aged 1–14 years (mean 5 years), underwent single-port laparoscopy with modified extracorporeal ligation of hernial defects using an epidural needle. From the results of surgery from January 2016 to December 2020, there were 22 patients with a follow-up period of 6 months who were carried out with a single port without the assistance of forceps and hydrodissection with a single-port laparoscopic technique that had been modified extracorporeally using an epidural needle and were able to evaluate the contralateral side. Thus, it shortened the operating period and the patient was able to be discharged 24 h postoperatively without any complications.

CONCLUSION: From 22 patients who used single-port technique with modified extracorporeal ligation of hernia defects using epidural needles, the results were shorter operation time, without complications and satisfying cosmetic results.
Evaluation of the Effect of Micro-osteoperforations versus Piezopuncture on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement Associated with Canine Retraction
Authors: Farag Tarek , Refai Wael Mohamed Mubarak , Nasef Ahmed , Elhiny Omnia A. , Hashem Ahmed Sh.
Published: October 2021

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of using micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) or piezocision in accelerating tooth movement, during canine retraction, compared to standard canine retraction.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A split-mouth study design was carried out with two Groups A and B. Each group contained 10 patients; in each patient, one side was used as a control side and the contralateral side received either MOPs (Group A) or piezocision (Group B). The assessment data were collected by direct intraoral measurements, every 2 weeks, over a 3 months retraction period.

RESULTS: Independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the results. In Group A, there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides (p < 0.001) with a total of 4.2 ± 0.5 mm canine retraction in the MOPs assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.8 ± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control side. For Group B, there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides (p < 0.001) with a total of 3.6 ± 0.4 mm canine retraction in the piezocision-assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.8 ± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control.

CONCLUSION: MOPs and piezocision techniques accelerated the rate of canine retraction during orthodontic treatment, with the MOPs being slightly more effective.
Malpresentation of the Fetus in Singleton Pregnancies after In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Slavov Sergei Svetoslavov
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: There are some data in the literature that show an increased incidence of breech presentation and other non-cephalic presentations in vitro fertilization (IVF) singleton pregnancies compared to spontaneous ones.

AIM: The purpose of our study was to compare IVF and spontaneous singleton pregnancies in terms of frequency of breech presentation and its impact on the mode of delivery. Furthermore, we wanted to study the rate of transverse and oblique lie in both groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective and retrospective study at “Maichin Dom” University Hospital in Sofia, Bulgaria for the period from January 2013 to December 2017 and analyzed 402 singleton IVF pregnancies and compared them with 523 spontaneous singleton pregnancies. The primary outcome was a breech presentation of the fetus.

RESULTS: We found a significantly higher rate of breech presentation in IVF compared to spontaneous pregnancies (p < 0.001). According to gestational age, the difference between the groups persisted when the pregnancy was at least the 32nd week of gestation. We found no difference in the frequency of vaginal birth in the two groups when the fetus was in breech presentation

CONCLUSION: IVF singleton pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of breech presentation. Further research is needed to determine the factors contributing to the higher incidence of breech presentation among patients undergoing IVF.
Association of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass and Central Obesity Parameters with Lipid Profiles in Older Women
Authors: Dwipa Lazuardhi , Hidayat Syarief , Permadi Senov Eka , Susandi Evan , Rakhimullah Alif Bagus , Pratiwi Yuni Susanti
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a common condition found in the elderly. The association between body compositions with the lipid profiles in the elderly as cardiovascular risk factors was still unclear.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) and central obesity parameters with lipid profile in older women.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from January 2019 to February 2020. We collected patients’ medical records and analyzed the correlation between ASMM and central obesity parameters including truncal fat mass (TrFM) with lipid profile.
RESULTS: A total of 61 subjects were included in the inclusion criteria in this study. The mean of body mass index (BMI) was 25.8 ± 4.5 with a normal BMI percentage of 44.2% and obesity of 16.4%. The mean of abdominal and calf circumference was 89 ±10 cm and 35 ± 4 cm, respectively. The mean of ASMM was 8.27 ± 1.29 kg/m2 and TrFM was 10.98 ± 3.92 kg/m2. We found a negative correlation between ASMM and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (r = –0.297, p = 0.01). TrFM was correlated with triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.339, p = 0.004). There was no significant relationship between calf circumference and abdominal circumference to lipid profile parameters.
CONCLUSION: ASMM is negatively correlated with HDL, meanwhile, TrFM had a positive correlation with TG in older women as alertness of cardiovascular risk.
The Effect of Lemongrass Leaves and Stalks Extracts using Methanol as The Eco-friendly Larvicides on Fourth Instar Aedes aegypti Larvae
Authors: Mariam Tjut , Oktiviyari Ade , Yamin Harahap Ahmad
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti is one of the most vicious mosquitoes, known for its role in several deadly diseases, including dengue fever and Zika. Several strategies have been developed over decades to prevent vector-borne diseases; one of them is insecticide to control the mosquito population. However, this strategy would not last long due to the elevation of resistance, environmental problem, and some issues regarding human health. Natural products have become major options to combat the glitches. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) has known for its toxic effect on mosquito larva.

AIM: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of C. citratus extract against fourth instar of A. aegypti larvae.

METHODS: Three extract concentrations, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%, were used. The larvicide activity was evaluated at 2, 4, and 6 h. Our data indicated that all concentrations contributed to increase larvae mortality.

RESULTS: Lethal Concentration (LC) 50 and LC90 were achieved at 2.5% and 4.1% of extract, respectively.

CONCLUSION: C. citratus  extract has a larvicide activity against fourth instar of A. aegypti.
Hematologic Autoimmune Manifestation Secondary to Coronavirus Disease 19 Infection – A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Trajkova Sanja , Stojanovska Simona , Ridova Nevenka , Krstevska-Balkanov Svetlana , Pivkova-Veljanovska Aleksandra , Cevreska Lidija , Popova-Labacevska Marija , Panovska-Stavridis Irina
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Since December 2019, multiple human cases of novel coronavirus infection were reported, representing with upper respiratory symptoms (influenza-like presentation).  The virus was named the Severe acute respiratory system coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2).  Studies have reported  cases of patients with COVID-19 infection, including development of  several autoimmune events that suggests that infection with  SARS CoV-2 may be associated with initiation of autoimmune  hematological autoimmune disorders.
Aim: Review the hematological autoimmune phenomenon after infection with SARS-COV-2 in order to assist into the pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and treatment of this group of patients.  
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study that includes 21 patients with autoimmune diseases like secondary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia( AIHA) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) that have emerged after COVID-19 infection. The patients were diagnosed and treated at the University Clinic of Hematology for a period of time from January 2020 to April 2021.
 Results: The most common hematologic autoimmune disorder was ITP in 13 cases (62%) followed by AIHA in 5 cases (24%) and TTP in 3 individuals (14%).  The mean time of onset of the hematologic auto-immune presentations was 18,4 ± 10,3 days. The therapy of this conditions in patients with COVID-19 infection requires an individualized approach to achieve a precise balance between the risk of severe bleeding and of thromboembolic events.  
Conclusion: Causal relationship between COVID-19 infection and these autoimmune events still requires further studies. We should all have in mind the risk of development of hematologic autoimmune disorders in infected patients.
Antiproliferative Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Human Breast Carcinoma: New Insight on FOXO/lncRNA-AF085935 Axis
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Sahar , Mostafa Abeer , Abou-Elalla Amany
Published: October 2021

AIM: Cancer breast is one of the most common cancer in women leading to death; that is why we are in urgent need to develop new modalities of treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have an anti-inflammatory effect due to capability to regenerate the damaged tissues.

METHODS: MCF7 breast cancer cells were divided into two groups; group 1: untreated cancer cells, group 2: cancer cell cocultured with MSCs; after 24 incubation the cells from the two groups were collected to assess cell proliferation, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and genes expression of Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB), FOXO, and LncRNA AF085935.

RESULTS: Statistically significant decrease in cancer cell proliferation and all other studied parameters in cancer cells after coculture with MSCs.

CONCLUSION: Breast carcinoma once initiated; it runs in a vicious circle due to stimulation of FOXO/LncRNA AF085935 axis by the inflammatory mediators released from cancer environment. FOXO/LncRNA AF085935 induces cancer proliferation and survival; furthermore, FOXO once induced, it produces further induction of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and NF-KB and so on, MSCs due to its anti-inflammatory role could break this circle and thus inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
Use of Lung Ultrasound for Assessment of Lung Recruitment Maneuvers in Patients with ARDS
Authors: Radwan Waheed A. , Khaled Mohamed M. , Salman Ayman G. , Fakher Mohmed A. , Khatab Shady
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Positive pressure mechanical ventilation is a non-physiological intervention that saves lives but is not free of important side effects. It invariably results in different degrees of collapse of small airways. Recruitment maneuver (RM) aims to resolve lung collapse by a brief and controlled increment in airway pressure while positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) afterward keeps the lungs open. Therefore, ideally RM and PEEP selection must be individualized and this can only be done when guided by specific monitoring tools since lung’s opening and closing pressures vary among patients with different lung conditions. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value of ultrasonic monitoring in the assessment of pulmonary recruitment and the best PEEP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 120 patients, 30 were excluded as in whom lung collapse cannot be confirmed then the rest were 90 patients from whom another 25 patients excluded as they were hemodynamically unstable the rest 65 patients were divided into two groups: Group A: Included 50 mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS, underwent lung recruitment using lung ultrasound and Group B: Included 15 mechanically ventilated patients with ARDS, underwent lung recruitment using oxygenation index. This prospective study was held at many critical care departments around Egypt. RESULTS: We noticed that lung recruitment in both groups significantly increased Pao2/Fio2 ratio immediately after recruitment compared with basal state and also significantly increase dynamic compliance compared with basal state. The increase in PF ratio immediately was significantly more in ultrasound group than in oxygenation group. Furthermore, we noticed that that P/F ratio 12 h after recruitment decreased compared with P/F ratio immediately after recruitment but significantly increased compared with basal state before recruitment and also we found that the increase in P/F ratio 12 h after recruitment was more significantly in lung ultrasound group than in oxygenation group. Furthermore, we noticed that lung recruitment (both lung ultrasound and oxygenation group) significantly increase RV function using TAPSE compared with basal state. Both opening pressure and optimal PEEP were significantly higher in lung ultrasound group than in oxygenation group. In our study, opening pressure was 37.28 ± 1.25 in lung ultrasound group and was 36.67±0.98 in oxygenation group and optimal PEEP was 14.64 ± 1.08 in lung ultrasound group and was 13.13 ± 0.74 in oxygenation group. CONCLUSION: Lung US is an effective mean of evaluating and guiding alveolar recruitment in ARDS. Compared with the maximal oxygenation–guided method, the protocol for reaeration in US-guided lung recruitment achieved a higher opening pressure, resulted in greater improvements in lung aeration, and substantially reduced lung heterogeneity in ARDS.
Moist Exposed Burn Ointment Effectiveness for Capecitabine Associated Grade II and III Hand Foot Syndrome on Stage III Colonic
Authors: Ida Bagus Budhi , Agustriani Nunik , Ermawan Rieva , Suwardi Suwardi , Sungkar Amru , Saadhi Ikhdin R.
Published: October 2021

Background:Hand-foot syndrome (HFS), also known as palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, is a common adverse effect of the fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy agent capecitabine. Hand-foot syndrome of any grade is reported to affect 43% to 71% of patients treated with single-agent capecitabine chemotherapy. Although not life-threatening, it can have adverse effects on the quality of life (QoL) and daily living activities of a patient.  Sometimes the dose interruptions and reductions required after observation of HFS can also impact on dose intensity and treatment outcomes.  As an option for the treatment of this case, we would reported our preliminary study of the effectiveness of moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) for stage II and III HFS.
 
Methods:  We will evaluate the clinical sign and symptoms of hand foot syndrome grade II and III associated with capecitabine as adjuvant chemotherapy agent on advanced stage colorectal cancer.  All patients with HFS will treated with topical MEBO twice daily, the clinical improvement of the symptoms will be recorded.
 
Results: We reported 8 cases of grade II and III hand foot syndrome, 2 patients were grade III HFS and the others were grade II.  These symptoms occurred after 2 until 3 months after capecitabine administration for locally advanced (stage III) colonic adenocarsinoma.  Topical MEBO were used twice a day for 3 months, pain reduction was achieved with no capicetabine dose interruption and reduction during chemotherapy period.  Allergic reaction was not found during and after MEBO application in this case.
 
Conclusion:Moist exposed burn ointment was an effective treatment option in managing hand foot syndrome, better option in reducing the pain without interrupting the capecitabine doses.
Leaf epidermal micromorphology defining the clades in Cinnamomum (Lauraceae)
Authors: Gang Zeng , Liu Bing , Rohwer Jens G. , Ferguson David Kay , Yang Yong
Published: October 2021

In this study, we sampled 48 species of AsianCinnamomumcovering the species groups that were identified in recent phylogenetic studies and conducted leaf micromorphological observations using both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Synapomorphies were determined by means of mapping micromorphological characters on a phylogenetic tree. The results indicate thatCinnamomumexhibits two different types of leaf upper epidermis: Type I has smooth/non-reticulate periclinal walls whereas Type II has reticulate periclinal walls and is unusual in the family Lauraceae. We found that the two types of micromorphological characters are clade-specific, sect. Camphora s.s. possesses Type I leaf upper epidermis, and sect. Cinnamomum s.l. has Type II leaf upper epidermis. Our study also reveals thatC. saxatile, a member of sect. Camphora s.l. in the traditional classification, actually has Type II leaf upper epidermis, thus reinforcing the result of a recent molecular phylogeny that has this species in a clade consisting mainly of species of sect. Cinnamomum.