bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I’m living in a ‘no’ world now…”- A qualitative study of the widespread impact of living with chronic breathlessness, and experiences of identification and assessment of this symptom in an older, frail community-based population
Authors: Elliott-Button Helene L. , Johnson Miriam J. , Hutchinson Ann , Currow David C. , Clark Joseph
Published: January 2025

Chronic breathlessness is a debilitating symptom with detrimental impact on individuals and carers. However, little is known about the experiences of community-dwelling, frail, older adults living with chronic breathlessness. To explore, (i) the psychological impact of living with chronic breathlessness, (older frail adult patients, carers) and (ii) how patients, carers, and clinicians experience identification and assessment of chronic breathlessness in the primary care setting. In-depth semi-structured interviews with eligible older adults (≥65 years; moderate to severe frailty [electronic Frailty Index >0.36]), and carers recruited from a community-based Integrated Care Centre in England. Clinicians were recruited from the Centre and affiliated GP practices. Recorded in-person interviews were transcribed and subjected to reflexive thematic analysis using Total Dyspnoea and Breathing Space conceptual frameworks. 20 patients (9 females), carers (4 spouses, 1 daughter), and clinicians (5 GPs, 3 advanced clinical practitioners, 2 nurses) were interviewed. Four themes were identified: (1) Widespread negative impact of chronic breathlessness. Breathlessness adversely impacts physical and psychological wellbeing. (2) Barriers to optimal health-seeking and identification of chronic breathlessness. Breathlessness is ‘one of many’ symptoms, and not prioritised in ‘one appointment, one problem’ consultations. Clinicians do not routinely ask about breathlessness. Patients are unaware of breathlessness-specific therapies. (3) Variations in chronic breathlessness management. Management is limited; few are offered evidence-based treatments (e.g., handheld fan) and patients find their own strategies. (4) Need for education and information. Clinicians felt helpless about breathlessness management, and patients lacked understanding and had low expectations of receiving help for this symptom. Breathlessness adversely impacts the psychological wellbeing of older frail adults. Chronic breathlessness in older, frail adults is invisible, unidentified and unmanaged in primary care. Evidence-based breathlessness interventions are available, but not routinely implemented with few patients accessing them. Proactive identification, assessment and management of breathlessness in primary care is needed to support adults living with chronic breathlessness.
A many-body quantum register for a spin qubit
Authors: Appel Martin Hayhurst , Ghorbal Alexander , Shofer Noah , Zaporski Leon , Manna Santanu , da Silva Saimon Filipe Covre , Haeusler Urs , Le Gall Claire , Rastelli Armando , Gangloff Dorian A. , Atatüre Mete
Published: January 2025

Quantum networks require quantum nodes with coherent optical interfaces and several stationary qubits. In terms of optical properties, semiconductor quantum dots are highly compelling, but their adoption as quantum nodes has been impaired by the lack of auxiliary qubits. Here we demonstrate that the dense, always-present, nuclear spin ensemble surrounding a gallium arsenide quantum dot can be used as a functional quantum register. We prepared 13,000 host nuclear spins in a single many-body dark state that acts as a logical state of the register. A second logical state is defined as a single nuclear-magnon excitation, enabling controlled quantum-state transfer between an electron spin qubit in the quantum dot and the nuclear magnonic register. Using SWAP gates, we implemented a full write–store–retrieve-read-out protocol with 68.6(4)% raw overall fidelity and a storage time of 130(16) μs, which could be extended to 20 ms or beyond using dynamical decoupling techniques. Our work establishes how many-body physics can add functionality to quantum devices, in this case transforming quantum dots into multi-qubit quantum nodes with deterministic registers.
Integrative proteogenomic analysis identifies COL6A3-derived endotrophin as a mediator of the effect of obesity on coronary artery disease
Authors: Yoshiji Satoshi , Lu Tianyuan , Butler-Laporte Guillaume , Carrasco-Zanini-Sanchez Julia , Su Chen-Yang , Chen Yiheng , Liang Kevin , Willett Julian Daniel Sunday , Wang Shidong , Adra Darin , Ilboudo Yann , Sasako Takayoshi , Koyama Satoshi , Nakao Tetsushi , Forgetta Vincenzo , Farjoun Yossi , Zeberg Hugo , Zhou Sirui , Marks-Hultström Michael , Machiela Mitchell J. , Kaalia Rama , Dashti Hesam , Claussnitzer Melina , Flannick Jason , Wareham Nicholas J. , Mooser Vincent , Timpson Nicholas J. , Langenberg Claudia , Richards J. Brent
Published: January 2025

Obesity strongly increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, yet the underlying mediators of this relationship are not fully understood. Given that obesity strongly influences circulating protein levels, we investigated proteins mediating the effects of obesity on coronary artery disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. By integrating two-step proteome-wide Mendelian randomization, colocalization, epigenomics and single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified five mediators and prioritized collagen type VI α3 (COL6A3). COL6A3 levels were strongly increased by body mass index and increased coronary artery disease risk. Notably, the carboxyl terminus product of COL6A3, endotrophin, drove this effect. COL6A3 was highly expressed in disease-relevant cell types and tissues. Finally, we found that body fat reduction could reduce plasma levels of COL6A3-derived endotrophin, indicating a tractable way to modify endotrophin levels. In summary, we provide actionable insights into how circulating proteins mediate the effects of obesity on cardiometabolic diseases and prioritize endotrophin as a potential therapeutic target.
Dynamic soil columns simulate Arctic redox biogeochemistry and carbon release during changes in water saturation
Authors: Berns-Herrboldt Erin C. , O’Meara Teri A. , Herndon Elizabeth M. , Sulman Benjamin N. , Gu Baohua , Klingeman Dawn M. , Lowe Kenneth A. , Graham David E.
Published: January 2025

Thawing Arctic permafrost can induce hydrologic change and alter redox conditions, shifting the balance of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. There remains uncertainty about how soil saturation and redox transitions impact dissolved and gas phase carbon fluxes, and efforts to link hydrobiogeochemical processes to ecosystem-scale models are limited. This study evaluates SOM decomposition of Arctic tundra soils using column experiments, water chemistry measurements, microbial community analysis, and a PFLOTRAN reactive transport model. Soil columns from a thermokarst channel (TC) and an upland tundra (UC) were exposed to cycles of saturation and drainage, which controlled carbon emissions. During saturation, an outflow of dissolved organic carbon from the UC soil correlated with elevated reduced iron and decreased pH; during drainage, UC carbon dioxide fluxes were 70% higher than TC fluxes. Intermittent methane release was observed for TC, consistent with higher methanogen abundance. Slower drainage in the TC soil correlated with more subtle biogeochemical changes. PFLOTRAN simulations captured experimental trends in soil carbon fluxes, oxygen concentrations, and water contents. The model was then used to evaluate additional soil water drainage rates. This study emphasizes the importance of considering hydrologic change when evaluating and simulating SOM decomposition in dynamic Arctic tundra environments.
Measurement of pressure dependent variations in local pulse wave velocity within a cardiac cycle from forward travelling pulse waves
Authors: Manoj Rahul , Raj Kiran V. , Nabeel P. M. , Sivaprakasam Mohanasankar , Joseph Jayaraj
Published: January 2025

The local pulse wave velocity (PWV) from large elastic arteries and its pressure-dependent changes within a cardiac cycle are potential biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification. However, pulse wave reflections can impair the accuracy of local PWV measurements. We propose a method to measure pressure-dependent variations in local PWV while minimizing the influence of pulse wave reflections. The PWV is computed from the pulse transit time between two forward-traveling pulse waveforms obtained across known path length, after measured/modelled flow-based wave separation analysis (WSA). An in-vivo study of 60 participants (24 female), was conducted to compare inter- and intra-cycle variations in PWV obtained from measured and forward pulse waves. For this, proximal and distal diameter waveforms from the carotid artery, along with carotid tonometry, were recorded using a custom bi-modal arterial probe. The carotid blood flow for WSA was captured with an ultrasound imaging system. The reference PWV was derived from the Bramwell-Hill equation. After WSA, the reliability of PWV measurement improved with coefficient of variation reducing from 25% to 10% near the peak of the pulse waves and matched the reference PWV with no statistically significant difference. The average PWV at foot of the pulse wave before and after WSA were comparable to the reference PWV with no statistically significant difference. The coherence of carotid pulse pressure obtained from the mean values of PWV within a cardiac cycle after WSA with that of the carotid pulse pressure from tonometry, substantiates the results obtained for reflection-free PWV. The reliability of measuring local PWV and its pressure dependent variations within a cardiac cycle is improved by combining transit-time approach with WSA.
Subsistence hunting impacts wildlife assemblages and functional ecology in tropical forests
Authors: Cain Bradley , Fa Julia E. , Amin Rajan , Morrison Jacqueline , Avila Martin Eva , Funk Stephan M. , Jones Martin , Mallon David P. , Okale Robert , Ros Brull Guillermo , de Kort Selvino R.
Published: January 2025

Unsustainable wild meat hunting poses a significant threat to wildlife and tropical forest ecosystems. While high levels of extraction linked to commercial trade have received significant attention, the sustainability of subsistence hunting by Indigenous Peoples in Africa has been less studied. Understanding how changing lifestyles, particularly the sedentarisation of former hunter-gatherers, have affected the use of forest resources is crucial for wildlife conservation and livelihoods. The spatial management of hunting through the establishment of no-take zones, which act as sources for adjacent hunting areas, offers promise for the sustainability of Indigenous livelihoods. We conducted an extensive camera trap study in hunting areas subject to source-sink dynamics used by 10 sedentarised Baka communities. We compared species richness, occupancy, abundance, and community composition to a relatively non-hunted reference area in the adjacent Dja Faunal Reserve. Subsistence hunting by the Baka had a limited impact on species richness but significantly altered community composition and the abundance of carnivores, seed dispersers and granivores. These changes highlight that even the spatial management of hunting may have consequences for the sustainability of hunting systems and the functional ecology of tropical forests.
Manipulation of the oriented amorphous fraction of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) films by thermal annealing for high piezoelectricity
Authors: Yang Zi-Wen , Zhang Li-Wei , Huang Yan-Fei
Published: January 2025

The piezoelectricity of P(VDF-TrFE) could be greatly improved by manipulation of the structure of the oriented amorphous fraction.
Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy: toward the path of dihydrogen isotopologue detection in porous materials
Authors: Lukman Muhammad Fernadi , Pöppl Andreas
Published: January 2025

This work discusses the latest advancements on dihydrogen isotopologue detection using in situ continuous wave EPR and pulsed EPR experiments for monitoring the adsorption–desorption processes of dihydrogen isotopologues on metal–organic frameworks.
Engineering a dual-porous Li-rich carbon-coated Si/SiOx nanosphere as a high-performance Li-ion battery anode
Authors: Zhu Yajun , Zhang Hui , Zeng Xiangbing , Han Tianli , Qi Meizhou , Bi Wentuan , Liu Jinyun
Published: January 2025

We develop a dual-porous carbon-coated silicon with Li+ supplement, which shows high performance as a Li-ion battery anode.
Innovative aminoglutethimide co-crystals: synthesis, characterization, and insights into molecular interactions
Authors: Qi Ying , Liu Yang , Li Xia , Xu Juan , Zhang Qi
Published: January 2025

Aminoglutethimide (AG) is a Biopharmaceutical Classification System II (BCSII) drug. Three novel co-crystals were thoughtfully designed and successfully synthesized to enhance its properties.
The structure–property relationship of metallocene-based ethylene oligomerization catalysts using DFT and graph neural networks
Authors: Chen Zhudan , Li Hao , Xu Xiaowei , Wang ZhuoZheng , Jiang Yan , Luo Yi , Wang Libo , Yang Weisheng
Published: January 2025

A combination of DFT calculations and 3D GNN reveals the effect of substructures of titanocenes on ethylene oligomerization selectivity.
Reactions of chalcogens and borane with phosphazane macrocycles assembled from diethanolamine and P2N2 building blocks
Authors: Goyal Manu , Negi Chandrakala , Garg Nitish Kumar , Jain Shalender , Singh Sanjay
Published: January 2025

Phosphazane macrocycles with N-methyldiethanolamine linkers have been synthesized and the oxidation of P(iii) to P(v) with chalcogens and the formation of Lewis adducts with borane are reported.
Facet-dependent growth and dissolution of hematite resulting from autocatalytic interactions with Fe(ii) and oxalic acid
Authors: Taylor Sandra D. , Cliff John B. , Wietsma Thomas W. , Rosso Kevin M.
Published: January 2025

The autocatalytic growth and dissolution of hematite by Fe(ii)aq and/or oxalic acid was probed at the single particle scale. Multimodal analyses reveal electron transfer and interfacial reactivity are highly anisotropic and facet-dependent.
Copper-catalyzed 1,2-dioxygenation of 1,3-dienes with tert-butyl benzoperoxoate at room temperature
Authors: Chen Pu , Tian Lin , Xiao Lindong , Ji Xiaochen , Deng Guo-Jun , Huang Huawen
Published: January 2025

Herein, we report a mild copper-catalyzed aqueous protocol for selective 1,2-dioxygenation of 1,3-dienes with excellent atom economy and good regio- and chemoselectivity.
Exploring the effects of zirconium doping on barium titanate ceramics: structural, electrical, and optical properties
Authors: Islam Suravi , Molla Mohammad Robel , Khatun Nazia , Tanvir Nazmul Islam , Hakim Mahmuda , Islam Md. Saidul
Published: January 2025

Zirconium-doped barium titanate is prepared via a solid-state synthesis method.
Liposome: a tool to raise the Cherenkov radiation yield and to restore fluorophore properties in aqueous media
Authors: Saou Sébastien , Moreau Mathieu , Lioret Vivian , Berrou Anne , Hernandez-Garcia Marta , Decréau Richard A.
Published: January 2025

Liposomes simultaneously restore water-soluble fluorophore properties and raise Cherenkov Radiation yield, to afford CR Energy Transfer (CRET) optimization in aqueous media.
Forming N-heterocyclic carbene monolayers: not all deposition methods are the same
Authors: Chandran Aruna , Dominique Nathaniel L. , Kaur Gurkiran , Clark Vincent , Nalaoh Phattananawee , Ekowo Lilian Chinenye , Jensen Isabel M. , Aloisio Mark D. , Crudden Cathleen M. , Arroyo-Currás Netzahualcóyotl , Jenkins David M. , Camden Jon P.
Published: January 2025

The graphic illustrates that the binding of N-heterocyclic carbenes to gold surfaces is influenced by both temperature and choice of precursor.
Microwave-Assisted [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Dicyanoepoxides with Benzylidene Meldrum’s Acids
Authors: Lotfi Nosood Yazdanbakhsh , Fattahi Ghahnavieh Negin , Takallou Ahmad , Rostami Ali , Ebrahimi Amirhossein , Anwar Muhammad Usman , Al-Harrasi Ahmed
Published: January 2025

The [3+2] cycloaddition of dicyanoepoxides with benzylidene meldrum’s acid under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions was explored for the synthesis of trioxaspirodecanes. This method presents a highly diastereo- and regioselective...
New insights into fluoride's role in MFI zeolites: unveiling the link between location and synthesis conditions
Authors: Martinez-Ortigosa Joaquín , Millán Reisel , Simancas Jorge , Vidal-Moya J. Alejandro , Martineau-Corcos Charlotte , Rey Fernando , Blasco Teresa
Published: January 2025

Synthesis conditions dictate charge distribution in pure silica MFI zeolite, influencing structural defects and fluoride positioning.
Robust high-spin Fe2+ centers in 2D TCNQ-based metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Grisan Qiu Yan Yan , Mearini Simone , Baranowski Daniel , Cojocariu Iulia , Jugovac Matteo , Zamborlini Giovanni , Gargiani Pierluigi , Valvidares S. Manuel , Feyer Vitaliy , Schneider Claus M.
Published: January 2025

Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2D MOFs) are atomically thin materials that combine the properties of organic molecules with the structural characteristics of crystalline inorganic solids. Their unique magnetic and electronic properties...
Visible-light-mediated C–S bond activation in cysteine derivatives with quinoxalinones for the synthesis of heteroaryl amino acids
Authors: Ling Shuqi , Hai Jingjie , Li Xinyao
Published: January 2025

Photocatalytic C–S bond activation in cysteine derivatives with quinoxalinones for the synthesis of pharmacologically interesting heteroaryl amino acids was developed.
Shearinines U–Y, indole diterpenoids from an entomogenous fungus, Penicillium sp.
Authors: Fu Peinan , Guo Feng , Zhou Tingnan , Bei Hongxia , Tang Huiling , Li Jiaxin , Lv Zhiyang
Published: January 2025

The new indole diterpenoids shearinines U–Y (2–6) were isolated from an entomogenous fungus, Penicillium sp. Compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate cytotoxicity towards tumor cells.
Computing chemical potentials with machine-learning-accelerated simulations to accurately predict thermodynamic properties of molten salts
Authors: Gibson Luke D. , Chahal Rajni , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S.
Published: January 2025

Machine learning-based interatomic potentials are used to accelerate free energy calculations in an efficient framework for computing chemical potentials. Using this framework, the melting point of lithium chloride is accurately predicted.
A porous and flame-retardant rGO/PPTA modified PP composite separator suitable for high electrochemical performance and excellent security of lithium metal battery
Authors: Zhang Zewei , Song Xiaoqi , Yu Ting , Lei Xiping
Published: January 2025

A kind of separator with excellent pore structure and flame retardancy was prepared by a single-side coating method. A synchronous improvement in safety performance and high electrochemical performance was realized.
Enhancing the stability of perovskite solar cells and modules by two-dimensional (PM)2PbI2Cl2
Authors: Gao Yin , Gao Yanyan , Wu Maoyuan , Wu Shaohang , Chen Qian , Li Yang , Mai Yaohua
Published: January 2025

We added (PM)2PbI2Cl2 to the precursor solution, inhibiting the formation of the δ-phase at high temperatures and greatly enhancing the stability of perovskite solar modules.
Revealing the origin of activity and selectivity in nitrate to ammonia conversion on single transition metal atom catalysts supported by a Ti2NO2 monolayer
Authors: Cheng Yuwen , Wang Wenjie , Shao Cuiping
Published: January 2025

TM loading on Ti2NO2 is one of the effective ways to enhance the NO3RR properties of the original Ti2NO2.
Multilingual Learners With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder: Assessing an Underserved Population of Learners
Authors: Watson Silvana M. R. , Westby Carol
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The intent of this article is to explain the complexity of the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental language disorder (DLD) in multilingual (ML) children and adolescents and to offer strategies for speech-language pathologists charged with diagnosis of language impairment in these children. Although both ADHD and DLD are common neurobehavioral disorders that exist across cultures, it can be difficult to diagnose MLs who are learning a second language (L2) and are not part of the mainstream culture because behavioral and language characteristics of both ADHD and DLD overlap with characteristics of L2 learning. As a result of this overlap of characteristics, ML children are both overidentified and underidentified for special education services. We describe the nature of the overlapping characteristics of ADHD, DLD, and L2 learning and offer a number of strategies that have evidence for their usefulness in the assessment of ML children.

Conclusions:

There is no quick and easy way to diagnose ADHD and DLD in ML children and adolescents. Clinicians must employ a convergent evidence approach, ideally using multiple strategies for evaluation including observations of the child in different contexts, interviewing caregivers and teachers (as well as the child), and administering formal and informal assessments. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility that L2 children's performance may be influenced by trauma associated with their migrant or refugee experiences and the stress of expectations in an unfamiliar environment, which overloads their working memory.
Optimal operation and offering strategy for profit‐seeking of a coal‐mine energy prosumer in a liberalised market
Authors: Zeng Bo , Lei Yueyi , Wu Chen , Wang Yuqing , Gong Dunwei , Wang Shuai
Published: January 2025

Coal mines consume electricity from grids while making use of various derived energy resources to generate heat and power. This allows coal mines to act as energy prosumers. This paper presents an integrated optimisation model of optimal operation and offers strategies for profit‐seeking of a coal‐mine energy prosumer in a liberalised market. The discussed problem is formulated as a tri‐stage bi‐level programming model. In the upper level, the coal mine‐integrated energy system (CMIES) operator decides the retail contract management, equipment operation plan, and retail electricity price offered to end‐users through three stages to maximise its expected profits at a predefined risk level. In the lower level, the end‐users react to the price bids offered by the CMIES operator under study and other market retailers to minimise their costs for energy procurement. Unlike previous approaches, the endogenous uncertainties associated with market subjects' strategic behaviours are explicitly considered. To solve the proposed problem efficiently, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions and multicut benders decomposition method are employed. The simulation results show that the collaborative optimisation of the energy cycle and production scheduling can reduce daily operating costs by nearly $3576 and carbon emissions by 6.72 tons, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research on methods to enhance the survivability of AWACS with FDA against anti‐ARMs on a battlefield
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Gang , Yang Rengnong , Li Yonglin , Zhao Yu
Published: January 2025

The Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) are pivotal assets in aerial operations, necessitating specialised protection measures, and serving as prime targets for enemy anti‐radiation missiles (ARMs). This paper explores approaches to enhance the battlefield survivability of frequency diverse array AWACS (FDA‐AWACS) by incorporating airborne radar technology onto the platform. The study commences by analysing the typical operational methods of anti‐radiation missiles. Following this, a deception model is formulated for the frequency diverse array (FDA) against the passive radar homing head of anti‐radiation missiles utilising the adjacent antenna single‐pulse amplitude‐comparison direction‐finding technique. Expanding on this groundwork, the research further assesses the deceptive impacts of FDA‐AWACS on direction finding cross‐location techniques. Simulation results validate that FDA‐AWACS can effectively counter the threat of anti‐radiation missiles by diminishing their direction‐finding and positioning systems.
Macronutrient Distribution on the North Coast of Pekalongan City, Central Jawa, Indonesia: Implications for Water Quality
Authors: Andreas Roy , Megasari Intan , Trenggono Mukti , Hendrayana Hendrayana , S Oktaviani Ade
Published: January 2025

The current condition of Pekalongan North Coast waters is faced with environmental problems that directly impact nutrient distribution, such as waste disposal from industry, ports, settlements, tidal problems, and mangrove damage. This study aims to determine the distribution of nutrients and the status and implications of water quality using the CCME-Water Quality Index method. The research was conducted in January 2023 in 3 areas, namely Mrican River, Pencongan River, and Wonokerto Beach with 17 sampling stations (6 in each river and five on the beach). Data analysis of this study used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and CCME-Water Quality Index methods. The results of the highest macronutrient distribution in the Mrican River at RW 4 station were nitrate 1.4162 mg/L, phosphate 1.1891 mg/L, and silicate 2.5485 mg/L. The CCME-Water Quality Index method results show that the waters are classified as low status. This condition can cause pollution implications that can damage aquatic ecosystems and interfere with aquatic biota's life processes.
A Sustainable Approach to Glucose Biosensors: Utilizing Coconut Shell Activated Carbon and NiCaFe₂O₄ Nanoparticles
Authors: Fatoni Amin , Hutama David , Hermawan Dadan , Samanman Saluma , Dwi Anggraeni Mekar
Published: January 2025

Diabetes-related mortality can be significantly reduced through early detection of blood glucose levels. This study presents a sustainable approach to glucose biosensors by utilizing coconut shell activated carbon as the working electrode material in a carbon paste electrode for electrochemical glucose detection via cyclic voltammetry. The performance of the electrode was further enhanced with NiCaFe₂ O₄ nanoparticles to improve electron transfer and redox potential. The optimized electrode consisted of a 2:1 ratio of activated carbon to paraffin, incorporating 16% NiCaFe₂ O₄ nanoparticles. Detection of hydrogen peroxide using this modified electrode exhibited an oxidation peak at 0.16 V and a reduction peak at -0.35 V. Optimal glucose detection conditions were achieved in 100 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.5. Glucose oxidase was immobilized on the modified electrode, showing a linear response for glucose detection at the oxidation peak of 0.66 V. This sustainable biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity and potential for low- cost, eco-friendly glucose monitoring applications.
The Analysis of Village Development by Youth Through Online Mass Media in Support of SDG’s 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
Authors: Dwiyanto Indiahono , Seang Song , Thahrina Azriah , Tobirin Tobirin , Sahat Satyawan Darmanto , Alizar Isna , Titi Rahmawati
Published: January 2025

The youth's role in village development is one of the determining factors for national development progress. Their ideas, insights, and creativity can facilitate various development programs, particularly village development. These efforts directly contribute to the achievement of SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities by encouraging sustainable community development, and strengthening local governance. This research aims to analyse the youth awareness of village development published through online mass media. “Suara Merdeka” is a national online mass media that seeks to improve public insight by providing accurate and responsible information. News dissemination related to youth efforts in various village development can increase other youth's awareness and active participation in village development. This research uses a content analysis approach. The results showed that in 6 months (March-August 2024), 12 news articles were published by “Suara Merdeka” and related to the keywords “village development by youth”. The four main issues related to this keyword are village development by youth through the Field Study and Community Service program, village development through the Community Service of lecturers and students, village development through student organisation activities, and youth capacity building programs.
Proactive Digital Transformation Imperative (PDTI): The Role of Capabilities Strategic Digital Business in MSMEs
Authors: Daryono Daryono , Setyawati Gunawan Ratna , Setyorini Gunawan Diah
Published: January 2025

This research examines the relationships between organizational capabilities, digital business strategy, Proactive Digital Transformation Imperative, and organizational performance in Indonesian MSMEs. It aims to provide insights into how these factors interact to drive performance outcomes in the context of digital transformation, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Design/methodology: Based on this analysis, a theoretical framework was developed and empirically tested using survey data from Indonesian MSMEs. Findings: The results indicate that organizational capabilities have a significant positive impact on both digital business strategy and Proactive Digital Transformation Imperative. Furthermore, digital business strategy and Proactive Digital Transformation Imperative both positively influence organizational performance. The findings suggest that solid organizational capabilities can enhance digital transformation efforts and strategic outcomes. Practical implications: The findings highlight the importance of developing robust organizational capabilities to support effective digital business strategies and transformation initiatives. Managers should focus on building digital competencies and flexible organizational structures to drive performance improvements. Originality/value: This research contributes to the literature by integrating organizational capabilities, digital business strategy, and Proactive Digital Transformation Imperative into a comprehensive model explaining organizational performance.
Being Innovative at Work Through Psychological Contract for Sustainable Human Development
Authors: Anggraeni Ade Irma , Derbani Adnane , Kusumastuti Widyahayu Warmmeswara , Prayogi Joni
Published: January 2025

This research investigated the impact of the psychological contract on employees' innovative behaviour in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism industry. The dimensional approach to the dynamic concept of psychological contract and innovative work behaviour was used to demonstrate employee perception. Survey data were collected from 327 employees across 19 SMEs in Central Java, Indonesia. The psychological contract was found to positively affect innovative work behaviour. Perceptions of psychological contract fulfilment have an impact on the increases in innovative work behaviour. These results highlight the importance of examining the dynamic concept of psychological contract on fostering innovative related behaviour on the context of SME's.
Law Enforcement's Role in Tackling Illegal Gold Mining for Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Puji Prayitno Kuat , Pandu Ramadhan Galih , Nuha Ilmawan Faiz
Published: January 2025

Illegal gold mining is a significant environmental crime, particularly in resource-rich regions like the Amazon, West Africa, and Southeast Asia. This study uses a qualitative research design to evaluate law enforcement efforts in Brazil, Ghana, and Indonesia. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews involving law enforcement personnel, government officials, environmental experts, and local community members affected by mining activities. These interviews aimed to uncover challenges in enforcing environmental laws, the effectiveness of ongoing measures, and local perceptions of enforcement outcomes. Secondary data comprised an extensive academic literature review, official reports, and legal documents to contextualize the findings within global trends. Case studies were selected based on criteria such as the prevalence of illegal gold mining, environmental impacts, and variations in enforcement strategies. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring issues such as corruption, resource constraints, and lack of political will. Results indicate that enforcement has had limited success in curbing deforestation, mercury contamination, and biodiversity loss, mainly due to institutional weaknesses. Enforcement measures disproportionately target small-scale miners while larger organized networks evade prosecution. This paper emphasizes the importance of addressing socioeconomic drivers through alternative livelihoods, international collaboration, and enhanced institutional capacity to achieve sustainable development goals.
Scientometrics Approach to Advance Public Policy Within the Framework of Indigenous Peoples
Authors: Sujianto Sujianto , Habibie Dedi Kusuma , Putri Risky Arya , Adianto Adianto , As’ari Hasim , Putri Atika Ulfa , Gendroyono Gendroyono
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the application of scientometric approaches within the context of public policy and the rights of Indigenous peoples, highlighting the potential of this method to identify, measure, and evaluate policy studies concerning Indigenous communities. A literature review utilizing the scientometric approach enables researchers to analyze scientific studies, identify emerging research trends, and evaluate public policies affecting Indigenous communities. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive search strategy was employed using the Web of Science database, with the keywords ‘Public Policy and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.’ The search covered articles published from January 1, 2000, to August 2024, resulting in a comprehensive review of 118 relevant articles, focusing on the interdisciplinary aspects of various categories. Within the context of public policy and Indigenous Peoples’ Rights, the application of scientometrics provides various insights, including publication analysis, policy impact prediction and Indigenous rights, collaboration analysis, policy trends and Indigenous rights analysis, and knowledge mapping in a more objective and reliable framework. One of the notable findings from these analyses is that successful policies are those that integrate Indigenous perspectives into policy formulation and actively involve Indigenous communities in every policy process.
Optimization progress of large-scale radiation shielding Monte Carlo simulation software based on AIS variance reduction technique system: MCShield
Authors: Wu Jiajun , Wu Zhen , Hu Ankang , Hao Yisheng , Pu Yanheng , Zhang Hui , Qiu Rui , Li Junli
Published: January 2025

The development of novel nuclear facilities has brought safer and more efficient energy options but also poses significant challenges for radiation shielding calculations. MCShield, developed by the Radiation Protection and Environmental Protection Laboratory at Tsinghua University, is a Monte Carlo program designed for coupled neutron/photon/electron transport in radiation shielding calculations. It incorporates a system of variance reduction techniques based on Auto-Importance Sampling (AIS) to address the deep penetration problem commonly encountered in the field of radiation shielding. The accuracy and computational efficiency of MCShield have been validated through benchmark problems and real-world applications. However, the current AIS system faces limitations in complex scenarios, user-friendliness, and reliance on user experience. To address these issues, we optimized the size, shape, and energy parameters for the AIS variance reduction method, expanded the use of regular virtual surfaces, and introduced an irregular AIS virtual surface method. Additionally, we developed an automatic generation method for AIS virtual surfaces and implemented automatic calculation for these surfaces. AIS Energy Bias Method was proposed to improve convergence across different energy intervals. These improvements enhance the applicability and refinement of the AIS virtual surface parameters, significantly boosting the overall performance of MCShield.
Gay men’s experiences of holding hands in public: Psychosocial dilemmas and the discourse of homophobia
Authors: Rohleder Poul , Walsh Julie
Published: January 2025

For many members of the LGBTQ community, holding hands with their partners in public, and other public displays of affection (PDAs) is seldom a carefree and spontaneous act. Survey studies have previously indicated that a majority of LGBTQ individuals report that they never hold hands with their partner in public, out of a fear of possible negative or abusive reactions from others. To contribute to qualitative research in this area, in this article we develop an account of the role of homophobia and internalised homophobia in gay men’s experience of navigating the act of holding hands with their partners across different landscapes. We take a detailed look at interview material from three study participants to consider the psychic struggles involved when negotiating internal and external barriers to holding hands. The data was generated through photovoice interviews and include verbal as well as visual material. Writing as two psychoanalytic practitioners, we deploy a clinically informed listening stance in our engagement with the study material and offer a distinctly psychosocial theorisation of homophobia.
Nonlinear flow mechanism and production characteristics of thin interbedded tight oil reservoirs
Authors: Xu Shiqian , Zhang Xinyu , Guo Jianchun , Lu Cong , Zeng Qijun , Wang Shouxin , Sa Yingpeng
Published: January 2025

The characterization of nonlinear flow in tight oil reservoirs, combined with numerical reservoir simulations, is crucial for accurately predicting production performance. This study refines the relationship between boundary layer thickness and pressure gradient, correcting it using an exponential function. A mathematical model for low-speed nonlinear flow, which accounts for the threshold pressure gradient, was developed based on the Hagen–Poiseuille equation. Using experimental data on fracture conductivity, a relationship was established between fracture stress sensitivity and proppant sand concentration, as well as the average grain diameter. A multiphase, multi-mechanism numerical simulation method was then developed for thin interbedded tight oil reservoirs using a three-dimensional embedded discrete fracture model. History matching and production performance analysis were performed based on fracture propagation data from thin interbedded tight reservoirs. The results reveal that considering low-speed nonlinear flow, the production dynamics of Well G1 can be better fitted. Compared to Well G1, the permeability in the perforated section of Well G2 decreases significantly from 3–4 to 0.2–0.4 mD, leading to a more pronounced nonlinear flow and a ∼58% lower production performance. This study also clarifies flow distance under different matrix permeabilities, aiding in optimizing fracture spacing. The analysis highlights that the threshold pressure gradient and dimensionless boundary layer thickness play a dominant role in production performance.
Optimization of drag-reduction microstructure parameters and study of the drag reduction mechanism in a rotating flow field
Authors: Yuan Zhiyi , Ji Maocheng , Li Jianyong , Zhang Yongqi , Song Xinzhong , Wang Zunxing , Li Jianfeng , Man Jia
Published: January 2025

Fluid drag greatly lowers the efficiency and increases the energy consumption of underwater vehicles and devices working in similar environments. Therefore, drag reduction has become a major topic in fluids research. Inspired by the high drag-reduction effect of shark skin, this paper experimentally and numerically investigates the drag-reduction performance of a bionic shark skin microstructure with a triangular cross section. The structural parameters are optimized through numerical simulations. The microstructure reduces the drag by reducing the velocity gradient near the wall and changes the turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the flow field near the wall. Next, samples of microstructures were prepared using the template method. Experimental rheometer tests revealed a drag reduction rate of 14.29% on the microstructure surface under the set experimental conditions. Experiments and simulations have demonstrated the high drag-reduction effect of the microstructures within a rotating flow field. The developed method and theoretical basis for numerical simulations of rotating flow fields can be utilized in pump machinery such as magnetic levitation centrifugal flow pumps.
Dynamics of post-impact merged droplets under different droplet–droplet interaction modes upon successive impingement on the substrate of different wettabilities
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Wang Dongmin
Published: January 2025

Successive impingement of multiple droplets onto a substrate is common in applications. However, the effects of the substrate properties and droplet–droplet interaction modes on the dynamics of the post-impact merged droplet remain unclear. In this study, we simulate the successive impingement of two droplets and the dynamics of the merged droplet on a superhydrophobic surface and a hydrophilic–hydrophobic patterned surface under different droplet–droplet interaction modes, based on a two-dimensional single-component pseudopotential multiphase lattice Boltzmann model. On the superhydrophobic surface, if the leading droplet is at spreading stages upon successive impingement, the merged droplet's maximum spreading factor, rebounding height, and merged droplet–substrate contact time decrease with the spreading of the leading droplet. Conversely, if the leading droplet is at recoiling stages upon successive impingement, the merged droplet's maximum spreading factor and rebounding height remain a small constant, while the merged droplet–substrate contact time increases with recoiling of the leading droplet. The dynamics of the merged droplet on a superhydrophobic surface under different droplet–droplet interaction modes are attributed to amplifying or suppressing the leading droplet kinetic energy upon successive impingement. However, on the hydrophilic–hydrophobic patterned surface, it is found that the hydrophilic stripes enhance the merged droplet spreading. The relatively large viscous force of the hydrophilic stripes and the energy barrier at the boundary of the pattern stripes significantly dissipate the kinetic energy of the merged droplet. The merged droplet does not rebound on the hydrophilic–hydrophobic patterned surface and has a small oscillation amplitude and fast energy decay rate.
Lipid-induced condensate formation from the Alzheimer’s Aβ peptide triggers amyloid aggregation
Authors: Šneiderienė Greta , González Díaz Alicia , Adhikari Sourav Das , Wei Jiapeng , Michaels Thomas , Šneideris Tomas , Linse Sara , Vendruscolo Michele , Garai Kanchan , Knowles Tuomas P. J.
Published: January 2025

The onset and development of Alzheimer’s disease is linked to the accumulation of pathological aggregates formed from the normally monomeric amyloid-β peptide within the central nervous system. These Aβ aggregates are increasingly successfully targeted with clinical therapies at later stages of the disease, but the fundamental molecular steps in early stage disease that trigger the initial nucleation event leading to the conversion of monomeric Aβ peptide into pathological aggregates remain unknown. Here, we show that the Aβ peptide can form biomolecular condensates on lipid bilayers both in molecular assays and in living cells. Our results reveal that these Aβ condensates can significantly accelerate the primary nucleation step in the amyloid conversion cascade that leads to the formation of amyloid aggregates. We show that Aβ condensates contain phospholipids, are intrinsically heterogeneous, and are prone to undergo a liquid-to-solid transition leading to the formation of amyloid fibrils. These findings uncover the liquid–liquid phase separation behavior of the Aβ peptide and reveal a molecular step very early in the amyloid-β aggregation process.
Structure-guided engineering of a mutation-tolerant inhibitor peptide against variable SARS-CoV-2 spikes
Authors: Nakamura Shun , Tanimura Yukihiro , Nomura Risa , Suzuki Hiroshi , Nishikawa Kouki , Kamegawa Akiko , Numoto Nobutaka , Tanaka Atsushi , Kawabata Shigeru , Sakaguchi Shoichi , Emi Akino , Suzuki Youichi , Fujiyoshi Yoshinori
Published: January 2025

Pathogen mutations present an inevitable and challenging problem for therapeutics and the development of mutation-tolerant anti-infective drugs to strengthen global health and combat evolving pathogens is urgently needed. While spike proteins on viral surfaces are attractive targets for preventing viral entry, they mutate frequently, making it difficult to develop effective therapeutics. Here, we used a structure-guided strategy to engineer an inhibitor peptide against the SARS-CoV-2 spike, called CeSPIACE, with mutation-tolerant and potent binding ability against all variants to enhance affinity for the invariant architecture of the receptor-binding domain (RBD). High-resolution structures of the peptide complexed with mutant RBDs revealed a mechanism of mutation-tolerant inhibition. CeSPIACE bound major mutant RBDs with picomolar affinity and inhibited infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants in VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells (IC
50
4 pM to 13 nM) and demonstrated potent in vivo efficacy by inhalation administration in hamsters. Mutagenesis analyses to address mutation risks confirmed tolerance against existing and/or potential future mutations of the RBD. Our strategy of engineering mutation-tolerant inhibitors may be applicable to other infectious diseases.
Flou, vague et sous-détermination dans la référence
Authors: Gardelle Laure , Landragin Frédéric
Published: January 2025

Abstraite

La majorité des expressions référentielles, dans leur situation
d’emploi, permettent l’identification précise d’un référent. D’autres, par
exemple les pronoms anaphoriques quand plusieurs antécédents sont envisageables,
conduisent à une ambiguïté, c’est-à-dire à des alternatives clairement
identifiées parmi lesquelles un choix reste à effectuer. Il existe d’autres cas
encore — et c’est ceux-là qui nous intéressent — où l’on ne sait pas très bien
quel(s) référent(s) sont réellement impliqués dans l’acte de référence. Ceci
concerne, entre autres, les phénomènes suivants, qualifiés parfois de flous,
vagues, ou sous-déterminés : références plurielles, référents évolutifs, pronoms
impersonnels humains. En tant qu’article introductif au numéro, nous présentons
ici, après quelques rappels terminologiques, un panorama des phénomènes de flou
référentiel.
Tout le monde
Authors: Schnedecker Catherine
Published: January 2025

L’objectif de cet article est d’apporter sur la locution pronominale indéfinie tout le
monde des éclairages nouveaux, absents des grammaires usuelles. À partir de la construction morphologique de la
locution, on montre son originalité au sein des divers paradigmes structurant les pronoms indéfinis en précisant ses liens avec
les notions de quantification et de partitivité et de collectif de manière à
mieux cerner la saisie référentielle qu’elle opère. Celle-ci est largement conditionnée par le contexte qui, par divers
indices linguistiques, module l’extension de l’ensemble qu’elle vise. Enfin, sur la base de corpus oraux et
écrits, on fait valoir ses spécificités par rapport aux pronoms qui lui sont prêtés comme synonymes (notamment tout un
chacun).