bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A continuous high voltage electrostatic field system for thawing food materials
Authors: Movahedi Ehsan , Sadeghi Morteza , Masoumi Amin Allah , Hamdami Naser
Published: May 2021

A laboratory continuous high voltage electrostatic field thawing system was designed and constructed in accordance with standards for food machinery. A corona discharge in wire-plate electrodes was considered for the system and a stainless-steel sheet was utilized as conveyor belt. A corona flow was created by using high voltage of 15, 20, and 25 kV and electrode gaps of 6, 8, and 10 cm. To evaluate the system, frozen tylose MH4000 gel with a moisture content of 77% w.b. as a meat analog was thawed from –10 to 0°C. The thawing duration, which was mostly aimed at increasing the temperature of a control sample (no electrostatic field), considerably decreased when the gel was thawed in the presence of high voltage. High voltage and electrode gap showed a significant effect on both thawing duration and specific energy consumption (P˂0.0001). The thawing duration decreased significantly by decreasing the electrode gap and increasing the applied voltage. In terms of energy consumption, the best condition (minimum specific energy consumption of 10.33 kJ kg–1) was obtained for 15 kV, and an electrode gap of 10 cm.
Bilingualism and Language Education to Improve the Cognitive Health of Older Persons
Authors: Meulenberg Cécil J. W.
Published: May 2021

This article explores whether lifelong bilingualism can be associated with delayed age-related cognitive decline, with cognitive (or brain) reserve as the mechanism that compensates by positively increasing the functional capacity of the brain for older persons. A structural review of recent psychoneurolinguistic studies shows that older bilinguals display several years of delay in dementia symptoms as compared to monolinguals, as well as that positive effects exist in bilingual brain networks, also related to other neurodegenerative disorders. The field is clearly missing an established methodology, nevertheless, lifelong bilingualism can be considered to induce cognitive reserve. Drawing from these implications, we hypothesize that successful ageing could be facilitated by the active use of multiple languages, and in this light, we discuss language education for older persons, the role of Third Age Universities, the implementation of crucial aspects in such courses, and the proper assessment of the effectiveness of language proficiency and cognition.
Synthesis, spectral and sol-gel behavior of mixed ligand complexes of titanium(IV) with oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands
Authors: Srivastava A. , Srivastava N. , N. Tripathi U.
Published: May 2021

A new route to synthesize nano-sized Ti(IV) mixed ligand complexes have been investigated by the reaction of titanium(IV) chloride with ammonium salts of dithiophosphate and 3(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-substituted phenyl) pyrazolines. The resultant complex is then treated with H2S gas to get sulfur bridged dimer of Ti(IV) complex, a precursor of TiS2. The morphology of the complexes was studied by employing XRD which shows that all the complexes are amorphous solid. Molecular weight measurements, elemental analysis in conjugation with spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 31P NMR) studies revealed the dimeric nature of the complexes in which pyrazoline and dithiophosphate are bidentate. Scanning electron microscopic image and XRD indicate that the particles are in the nano range (50 nm). Putting all the facts together, coordination number six is proposed for titanium with octahedral geometry.

                   

KEY WORDS: Titanium(IV), Dithiophosphate, Pyrazoline, Nano-sized, Sol-gel, Mixed ligand complexes

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(1), 61-76.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i1.5
Reliability of the Agricultural Extension and Technological Services among Rice Farmers in the Rural Areas of Tanzania
Authors: Peter D. Kulyakwave , Xu Shiwei , Yu Wen , Sary Sar , Muyobozi S.
Published: May 2021

This study provided insights into the availability and use of agricultural information by small scale farmers in the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. The research used structured questionnaires to interview 240 rice farmers in the Mbeya region. The findings revealed that farmers accessed agricultural information from various agents including local government extension staff, neighbors and friends, advertisements, electronic media including the internet, television, radio, and other channels. The identified technological information application methods included by lectures, field demonstrations, exposure visits to various places, and printed production. The majority of farmers perceived to have dissatisfied (43%), strongly dissatisfied (25%), strongly satisfied (20%), satisfied (8%), and no opinions (4%) concerning accessibility to agricultural information and technological services. The majority of farmers claimed that both agricultural information and technological communication are strongly needed for agricultural performance. The study suggests that government and non-government organizations should collaborate to bridge the existing information-sharing gap between farmers and  information providers.

Keywords: extension communication, technological information, rural areas, rice farmers, Tanzania.
Capacity Building Needs of Small-Holder Cocoyam (Xanthosoma Sagittifoliuu) Farmers in Selected Rural Communities of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Nkeme Kesit Kufre , Ekanem Jemimah Timothy , Nse Victoria Asuquo
Published: May 2021

The study investigated the capacity building needs of small-holder cocoyam farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria during the 2018  cropping season. Data were randomly collected from 130 respondents selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure using questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, net returns model and budgeting technique. For agronomic management practice, result showed that the major sources of land acquisition and labour were inheritance (63%) and hired labour (52.6%). The majority (71.6%) of sampled farmers cultivated between 20 and 80 stands of cocoyam per farm. Result further showed that the major marketing channels of cocoyam were; farm gate (40.7%) and rural markets (24.7%. The main sources of information for cocoyam farmers were family and friends (40.9%), radio and television (18%) and extension agents (10.5%). The cost-returns analysis showed a gross margin and net return of N1, 164,500.00, and N494, 700.00, respectively, and the return per capital of N1.74. The most capacitybuilding needs of cocoyam farmers were information on processing technology ( x̄=3.31), farm credit information ( x̄= 3.19),   information on pest/ disease control ( x̄=3.17), storage information ( x̄=3.15), record keeping/ evaluation need ( x̄ =2.92) and effective cocoyam marketing ( x̄ =2.88). The major constraints militating against cocoyam production in the study area were; absence of  marketing information ( x̄ =2.57), poor record keeping ( x̄ =2.57), labour scarcity ( x̄ =2.42), pest and disease ( x̄=2.34), lack of improved variety of planting material ( x̄ =2.30). Provision of marketing channels information to farmers, enhancing access to extension contact and periodic training of farmers` on improved management practices are avenues to boost cocoyam production.

Keywords: Capacity building needs, small holders cocoyam farmer
La influencia del consumo de sodio en el peso y el índice de masa corporal
Authors: Gasperín Rodríguez Edgar Ismael , Gómez Figueroa Julio Alejandro , Quintana Rivera Luis , Santiago López Eduardo
Published: May 2021

En los últimos años los hábitos de alimentación han cambiado considerablemente. Por esta razón, las enfermedades no transmisibles se han incrementado tanto en países centrales como en países con economías emergentes. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la ingestión diaria de sodio durante el desayuno y verificar su relación con el estado nutricional de escolares residentes en la Ciudad de Veracruz. Se seleccionaron a 30 participantes, de los cuales 12 eran del género femenino y 18 del masculino, con edades entre los 7 y 9 años de vida. Los escolares fueron medidos antropométricamente y se realizó el registro de la ingesta de sodio diaria por ocho días. El tratamiento estadístico fue realizando con la prueba t Student para grupos independientes en las variables y la correlación r de Pearson con una significancia a dos colas (p≤0,05). Dentro de los resultados se encontró que la ingestión promedio de ocho días con un valor de 1500 mg de referencia de acuerdo con la Organización Mundial para la Salud (OMS), así como la prueba de correlación de Pearson entre el consumo diario de sodio promedio del grupo de escolares estudiados (M = 472.5 ± 149.8 mg) fue significativamente menor al establecido por la OMS (1500 mg) (p≤0.0001). En conclusión, el consumo de sodio promedio durante el desayuno por ocho días de un grupo homogéneo de escolares fue menor al recomendado por la OMS. Futuros estudios habrán de realizarse para analizar el consumo de sodio del resto de tiempos de alimentación.
A avaliação do clima motivacional na Educação Física Escolar
Authors: Brum Fábio
Published: May 2021

A compreensão do contexto de ensino é relevante para que professores de Educação Física (EF) possam avaliar sua prática, formular suas estratégias e estabelecer seus métodos didático-pedagógicos com vistas a potencializar a aprendizagem dos seus alunos. Nessa direção, o objetivo deste artigo foi levantar conceitos e evidências acerca da avaliação do clima motivacional no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem da EF Escolar. O método adotado foi de revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Do ponto de vista da avaliação do ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem, é preciso que professores de EF compreendam que o contexto de ensino está imbricado de crenças, valores e julgamentos pelos quais os alunos balizam seus ideais de necessidade e de objetivos. Alguns instrumentos como o TARGET e o Questionário de Clima de Aprendizagem (LCQ) podem subsidiar as avaliações do clima motivacional nas aulas de EF e servir como suporte para professores refletirem sobre seus métodos. As evidências encontradas nas pesquisas apontaram que o clima motivacional instituído para a tarefa é o que promove nos alunos maior progresso das habilidades e satisfação com as práticas letivas, bem como maior nível de interesse pelas aulas e comprometimento com as metas de aprendizagem estabelecidas. Conclui-se que a partir do conhecimento do clima motivacional para a tarefa professores de EF podem reavaliar sua prática, aprofundar-se nos conceitos motivacionais e aplicá-los na sua rotina de sala de aula, com fim de aprimorar suas técnicas, competências e melhor avaliar seus alunos.
Diferencias biomecánicas en el taekwondo entre la categoría clasificado y novato realizando la patada mondolyo furyo chagui
Authors: De La Vega Diego David , Castillo López Alexander Patricio , Loachamin Aldaz Eduardo Marcelo
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La biomecánica como ciencia apoyada en principios y leyes de la física permite el estudio de los mecanismos biológicos, dónde el análisis de la técnica juega un papel preponderante para alcanzar altos rendimientos deportivos, incluido en el taekwondo de cualquier categoría. Objetivo: Analizar diferentes factores que inciden en la correcta ejecución de la patada de taekwondo Mondolyo Furyo Chagui entre deportistas clasificados y novatos. Métodos: Se estudia una población de 20 deportistas varones del club Team Vencedores Taekwondo, conformando dos grupos independientes (Grupo 1 Novatos: 10 sujetos; Grupo 2 Clasificados: 10 sujetos) de la categoría prejuvenil (16-17 años), estudiando cinco variables de interés de la técnica mencionada. Resultados: Se evidencia las diferencias existentes en las cinco variables técnicas estudiadas (todas a favor del grupo 2) al presentarse mejores rangos promedios, donde solamente existió una variable significativamente diferente (promedio del tiempo de ejecución de la patada, desde el despegue del talón posterior hasta el impacto) según la U de Mann-Whitney (p=0,023). Conclusiones: Se recomienda establecer mayores análisis para implementar prospectivamente una metodología de perfeccionamiento técnico-táctico que optimice el proceso de preparación deportiva de los taekwondocas estudiados.
INTERCULTURAL CONTEXT OF LEARNING GERMAN
Authors: Raxmankulova H
Published: May 2021

В этой статье мы обсудим межкультурный подход и представим идеи и ресурсы для преподавателей немецкого языка, которые хотят расширить мультикультурное сознание своих учащихся. Развитие межкультурной компетенции все чаще воспринимается как ключевая цель современного образования. В результате сильного акцента на этой компетенции в учебных документах преподаватели сталкиваются с сложными задачами. Подтверждается это и недавними исследованиями в области межкультурной компетенции в образовательных учреждениях, которые указывают на многочисленные трудности, которыми преподаватели сталкиваются в достижении цели развития межкультурной компетентности своих учеников.
NICHE TOURISM - THE WAY OUT OF THE CRISIS
Authors: Sayfullayeva М
Published: May 2021

В статье проанализированы мировые показатели развития туризма до изоляции. Рассмотрены влияние и последствия всемирной пандемии коронавируса на туристическую индустрию Узбекистана. Нишевой туризм представлен как наиболее перспективное направление для оживления и восстановления туристической индустрии в стране.
Testicular Cancer Preventive Behavior among Nursing Males' Students: Intervention Guidelines
Authors: Ahmed Safaa A. , Ali Laila A. H. , Ahmed Mervat A. , Abozied Aziza M.
Published: May 2021

Context: Testicular cancer is the most common form of urogenital cancers among young men aged between 20–40 years. The incidence of testicular cancer is rapidly increasing. It is highly curable when detected and treated early.  

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intervention guidelines on preventive behaviors among nursing males' students.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study conducted at the technical institute of Beni-Suef university through the academic year (2018-2019). A convenient sample of (250) student male nurses have included in this study. Tools of data collection were a self-administrated questionnaire; Champion Health Belief Model Scale; testicular self-examination checklist, and student follow up card.

Results: The current study revealed a mean age of students was 18.45 ± 1.65. The study showed that there was a significant increase in the mean score of satisfactory knowledge about testicular cancer and its preventive behaviors during follow up post-application of the intervention guideline at (p=0.001). Furthermore, an improvement in the testicular self-examination practices at post-intervention and follow (p=0.001). A statistically significant correlation revealed between the student nurses knowledge, practice, and preventive health believes and behaviors.

Conclusion: The study concluded that intervention guideline designed based on the health belief model has a positive effect on promoting testicular cancer-preventive behaviors of student male nurses by improving their knowledge, practices, and health beliefs and behaviors. The study recommended dissemination of intervention guidelines among males at a different stage of life started from adolescents to reduce the risk of testicular cancer and its consequences on males reproductive health. Integrate the concept of TSE as a screening procedure for early detection of testicular cancer and other testicular disorders into the undergraduate curriculum of nursing faculties. Further research required to investigate barriers influencing the practice of testicular self-examination among Egyptian males.
Ways of Effective Formation of State Investment Policy in Ensuring Financing of Investment Activities
Authors:   Ph.D., Associate Professor,Head of the “Department of Taxes and Insurance”,Tashkent State Economic University, Tukhliev Bozor Karimovich
Published: May 2021

This article discusses the Presidential Decree of 14 May 2019 on measures to transition to a qualitatively new system of formation and implementation of the Investment Program of the Republic of Uzbekistan. This decree states the reasons for the transition to a qualitatively new system of formation and implementation of the Investment Program. Sources of funding for projects included in the program and issues of their improvement were analyzed, conclusions and recommendations were formed.
Effect of Nutrients on Biomass Production of Helminthosporium Tetramera A Leaf Spot Pathogen of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum)
Authors:   Head of Botany Department, K.K.W Arts, Science and Commerce College, Pimpalgaon B., Dist Nashik State – Maharashtra, Pawar Dr. Abhijeet Bajeerao
Published: May 2021

Abstract : Helminthosporium tetramera was a pathogen of Saccharum Officinarum, was isolated from diseased Saccharum Officinarum, leaves from Nashik district and used for the present study. Pathogen was grown on the Czapek-Dox liquid medium substituting or adding different carbon, nitrogen to study biomass production. The growth as dry mycelial biomass was observed on the 8th day of incubation period. A grate extent of growth variation was observed on different carbon, nitrogen. Among the carbon source, fructose shows maximum biomass while glucose with minimum biomass. From nitrogen source cobalt nitrate and barium nitrate shows maximum and control condition with minimum biomass was recorded.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PORSI PEMBIAYAAN BAGI HASIL (STUDI PADA BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH DI DIY DAN JAWA TENGAH)
Authors: Pramono Setya
Published: May 2021

This study examines conceptual and empirical models regarding Manager Skills, Sharia Compliance, Characteristics of Islamic Banks, Manager's Perceptions of Islamic Bank Internal SDI, Manager's Perceptions of Customer Characteristics, Manager's Perceptions of the Existence of Regulation, Manager's Perceptions of Government Support for the Portion of Profit Sharing Financing in Sharia People's Financing Bank The selection of research locations was carried out by means of a simple random proportional technique (proportional simple random sampling). The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling. In this study there were 36 BPRS in DIY and Central Java, then five people were taken as respondents for each BPRS consisting of the Board of Directors, the Sharia Supervisory Board, Marketing Manager, Operations Manager (Financing Manager) and Customer Service. So the number is 180 (one hundred and eighty) respondents. As for the object of the assessment is the Operations Manager / Funding Manager, considering that this research is related to the portion of profit sharing financing.

The results showed that 1) Manager's conceptual skills had a positive effect on the portion of profit-sharing financing in BPR Syariah 2) Manager's technical skills had a positive effect on the portion of profit-sharing financing in BPR Syariah 3) Manager's social skills had a positive effect on the portion of profit-sharing financing in BPR Syariah 4 ) Managers' perceptions about the internal SDI of Islamic banks have a positive effect on the portion of profit-sharing financing in Islamic BPR Sharia BPR 7) There is no influence of the characteristics of Islamic banks on the portion of profit sharing financing in Sharia BPR 8) There is no effect of sharia compliance on the portion of profit sharing financing in Islamic BPR face the portion of profit sharing financing in Sharia BPR
ANALISA FAKTOR MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0 PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS SARJANAWIYATA TAMANSISWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Wafa Muh Ali , Prasetyo Heri
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze motivation factors for entrepreneurship in the industrial era 4.0 in Sarajanawiyata Tamansiswa University Yogyakarta students. The population in this study were students of the University of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Yogyakarta with a sample of 100 people. The sampling technique uses the Simple Random Sampling method, which is a type of probability sampling, where the researcher selects the sample by giving equal opportunities to all members of the population to be determined as sample members. The type of data used is primary data collected using a questionnaire distributed to employees. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with a significant level of 5% (α = 0.05).                    The results of this study indicate that motivation for entrepreneurship is influenced by interest in entrepreneurship, environmental factors, significant attitudinal factors where Fcount (9,747)> Ftable (2.70). Entrepreneurship motivation is each influenced by the interest in entrepreneurship where t count (3.793)> t table (1.66). Entrepreneurial motivation is influenced by environmental factors where t counts (1.582)> t table (1.66). Entrepreneurial motivation is not influenced by attitude factors where t count (-1.753) <t table (1.66). Based on the test results of the coefficient of determination (R2), it can be explained that entrepreneurship motivation is influenced by independent variables (interest in entrepreneurship, environmental factors, and attitude factors) of 21.1% while the remaining 78.9% is influenced by other factors not included in the study.                    This study will invite other researchers, in order to analyze the factors outside the research, because it is suggested to the next researcher to examine the reasons why entrepreneurial motivation is influenced by other factors other than the interests of entrepreneurship, environmental factors, and attitude factors.
Determinan Perasaan SDM (Cognitive Reappraisal dan Expressive Suppression) Terhadap Job Search Behavior (Studi kasus pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir sebuah PTS di Jakarta Pusat)
Authors: Wihasto Hanan
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine (1) the effect of cognitive reappraisal on job search behavior, (2) the effect of expressive suppression on job search behavior, (3) the effect of anxiety on job search behavior, (4) the role of anxiety as a mediation in the influence of emotional regulation strategies and job search behavior. The population in this study were final year students of a private university in Central Jakarta in 2015. The sample used in this study was 210 people. The sampling technique used proportional sampling method. In this study, the validity test used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the reliability test used the Cronbach's Alpha method and hypothesis testing used the causal steps method with SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that cognitive reappraisal has a positive and significant effect on job search behavior, meanwhile expressive suppression has a negative and significant effect on job search behavior, and anxiety partially mediates the effect of emotional regulation strategies on job search behavior.
Revisiting PULSE 2 Textbook after Three Years: Have Teachers Changed Their Mind?
Authors: Ya Shak Mohamad Syafiq , Abdul Malik Norasyikin , Hasni Nuru Ain , Mohd Tahir Mohd Haniff
Published: May 2021

The present study aims to further explore Malaysian secondary English teachers’ perspective on the use of PULSE 2 in their language classrooms, after three years of its introduction in Malaysian secondary schools. The study is qualitative in nature, employing semi-structured interview as the approach for data collection the data. However, due to the Movement Control Order (MCO) the study was conducted through a Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) application, WhatsApp. ATLAS ti. was employed to perform the content analysis to the collected data. The findings revealed that the respondents preferred to use imported English textbooks with local modifications in their language classroom.  Most of them also felt that the level of the language content and skills offered by PULSE2 did not match with their students’ abilities. They also reported grouses about the difficult foreign content of PULSE 2, which indicated that they have yet to change their mind about it even after using it for three years. It is suggested that relevant stakeholders such as the Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) to review the use of imported textbooks such as PULSE 2 in Malaysia, as this will bear an impact on the creation of the country’s version of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) called ‘CEFR-M’ as projected in the on-going English Language Education Reform in Malaysia by 2025. Not only that, selecting a textbook that is relatable, localized, and matches the students’ level is crucial in this COVID-19 era, where the new normal in education forces learning to be done remotely. Inevitably, there will be students who are less privileged, and  their only hope to gain access to continuous education is through a textbook that can easily be used for self-study and is readily available, without having the needs to have access to advanced technological devices.
Kepimpinan Servan Pengetua dan Pelaksanaan Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi Guru di Sekolah Menengah Negeri Sabah
Authors: Patman Fadzilah Binti , Omar Ramih Suhairullah Bin , Abdullah Mohd Khairuddin @ Jerry Bin
Published: May 2021

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi guru mengenai hubungan kepimpinan servan pengetua dengan pelaksanaan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi atau KBAT dalam kalangan guru sekolah menengah di negeri Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Beberapa teknik pensampelan digunakan iaitu rawak kluster dan rawak mudah. Data diperoleh dengan mengedarkan satu set borang soal selidik yang telah diadaptasi daripada penyelidik asal. Seramai 400 orang responden yang terdiri daripada guru sekolah menengah di negeri Sabah telah menjawab soal selidik yang diedarkan. Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan nilai hubungan antara amalan kepimpinan servan pengetua dengan pelaksanaan KBATguru adalah positif. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa hubungan antara kepimpinan servan pengetua dengan pelaksanaan KBAT guru mempunyai aras kekuatan yang rendah pada nilai r=0.245 pada aras signifikan p<0.05.
An Analysis of Sentence-Like Utterances of IELTS Mock Speaking Test Scripts
Authors: Baskaran Shasthrika , Ibrahim Mohammad Nor Afandi Bin , Krishnan Isai Amutan , Devamanickam Vasithra A/P , Andrew Nancy , Kok Shelen Aderina , Munian Saravanan , Govindasamy Manickavasagar , Sio Ching Hee , Kanan Vasudevan Naidu
Published: May 2021

The present study examines non-Malaysian candidates’ performance in an IELTS mock speaking test with regards to their use of different types of sentence structure utterances. Audio recorded data was obtained from eight students of three different levels of proficiency, namely; foundation, intermediate and advanced, in which thereafter an analysis was carried out using Radford (1990; 1997) sentence types. A semi-structured interview was also employed to gauge the candidates’ opinions on answering the test questions as well the interlocutor’s views on the candidates’ performance. The test was conducted by an IELTS trained interlocutor. It was found that most candidates were able to understand the questions, their responses were mainly simple sentence utterances indicated by many disjointed and choppy ideas. The semi-structured interview answers show that most candidates’ high level of nervousness and anxiety caused them not to be able to speak fluently, and as a result, their ideas were expressed in simple sentence structures that lacked logical coordination. It is hoped that the findings of the present study would help the current IETLS course module developers to integrate lessons on the different types of sentence structures in training test candidates to express complete and complex structured responses.
A Propósito del Candidato Vacunal Cubano Abdala
Authors: Esparza José , Pujol Flor H.
Published: May 2021

Como respuesta a la emergencia de la pandemia de la COVID-19, en los últimos 18 meses, se ha llevado a cabo una intensa actividad de investigación y desarrollo de vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2. Eso ha resultado, hasta ahora, en la autorización para uso de emergencia de al menos ocho vacunas basadas en diferentes plataformas, especialmente usando virus completo inactivado (ej., Sinopharm, Sinovac), vectores de adenovirus (ej, Sputnik V, Oxford/AstraZeneca, J&J/Janssen), ARN mensajero (ej., Moderna, Pfizer/BioNTech), y muy probablemente muy pronto nanopartículas de proteínas S (ej., Novavax) (1,2).
The Role of K+, Ca2+ channels and Endothelial Hyperpolarizing Factors in Vasorelaxation Induced by Tribulus terrestris
Authors: Bashir Thamer M. , Al-Habib Omar A.M.
Published: May 2021

The present study focused on the relaxant effect of themethanolic extract (ME) of Tribulus terristris on rats’ thoracic aortae and included the study of underlying vasorelaxation mechanisms. The methanolic extract produced concentration-dependent relaxation in rats’ aorta. The methanolic extract produced concentration-dependent relaxation in the aortic rings. The use of different K+ channel blockers (BaCl2, 4-AP, GLIB, and TEA) indicated that Kv, KATP, KIR, and KCa and L-type Ca channels played no role in the methanolic extractinduced relaxation. However, with respect to endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors, PGI2 and sGC produced a mild inhibition in the relaxation response to ME while NO produced no effect at all.

Based on the novel results of the current study, it can be concluded that T. terrestris methanolic extract (ME) mediated relaxation in isolated rat aortic tissues in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, we discovered that ME-mediated relaxation is endothelium-dependent and that potassium and calcium ion channels play no role in this relaxation with a limited role of PGI2 and sGC.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA RAZA CRIOLLO CAQUETEÑO MEDIANTE EL ESTUDIO DE LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FANERÓPTICAS
Authors: Patiño Quiroz Beatriz Elena , Velásquez Restrepo Jaime Enrique , Ocaña Martínez Hernán Eduardo , Baldrich Romero Nicolás E
Published: May 2021

Los estudios fanerópticos permiten identificar, describir y diferenciar las particularidades externas de los animales que serán seleccionados para mejorar los procesos de consolidación de las razas. El ganado Criollo Caqueteño ha sobrevivido gracias a su rusticidad y adaptación como resultado de la selección natural a las condiciones del piedemonte amazónico colombiano, convirtiéndose en una alternativa para productores de la región. En la presente investigación se identifican los caracteres fanerópticos de individuos de la raza. Se observaron 98 ejemplares (34 machos y 64 hembras) en tres predios del departamento del Caquetá y se analizaron nueve características. Producto de esta investigación se identificaron dos colores, rojo (79%) y bayo (21%); con pelo corto y fino; el 84% de los animales presentó papada discontinua y el color de las mucosas se agrupó en sonrosadas con 46 individuos y oscurecidas en 52 individuos. No se encontró dimorfismo sexual. Dadas las características fenotípicas identificadas en el actual estudio, el bovino Criollo Caqueteño se proyecta como una raza con las condiciones adecuadas para dar rusticidad y resistencia a los cruces en la ganadería, sin embargo, el bajo número de la población prende las alarmas sobre la necesidad de plantear programas para su conservación y rescate.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE MAMÍFEROS, AVES, PECES Y REPTILES COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA EL FORTALECIMIENTO DE LAS COMPETENCIAS DEL ÁREA DE CIENCIAS NATURALES
Authors: Parra Herrera Juan Pablo , Escudero Sánchez Oscar Andrés
Published: May 2021

El conocimiento detallado del número de especies presentes en un área geográfica es fundamental para la realización de acciones y programas para el uso, protección y conservación biológica. En este sentido, los inventarios faunísticos han demostrado ser de gran utilidad para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad. Partiendo de lo anterior se realizó un inventario de biodiversidad con estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Rural Platanillo de la sede el Vergel en el municipio de san José del Fragua-Caquetá. Donde se utilizó como método de muestreo metodologías no invasivas como puntos de observación para aves, trampas cámara y huellas, búsqueda intensiva en anfibios y reptiles y redes de arrastre en peces. Esta investigación arrojo como resultado un total de 81 especies registradas. El grupo taxonómico con el mayor número de especies fue el de aves con 54 especies, seguido de los mamíferos y en último lugar anfibio, reptil y peces. El uso de la investigación contribuyo no solo a conocer las especies de la región si no en el cambio de actitud de los estudiantes, favoreciendo significativamente los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje. Lo anterior, se evidencia en los resultados de investigación obtenidos por los estudiantes donde se evidencio un fortalecimiento en competencias del área de ciencias naturales en los entornos vivo, físico y químico, a través de la investigación, convirtiéndose en una aproximación al listado actualizado de biodiversidad faunística para el sur de la amazonia Caqueteña.
THE TWENTY FIRST NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL CONFERENCE „NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN A COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL – 2014“: A REVIEW OF CONFERENCE
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: May 2021

This year, on April 24th-25th, the 21st National Scientific Practical Conference “Natural science education in a comprehensive school - 2015” took place. This time the participants of the conference gathered at Lazdijai district, Veisiejai gymnasium. The conference was organized by the scientific methodological centre “Scientia Educologica”, and the most important conference partners were - Veisiejai gymnasium and the weekly “Žaliasis pasaulis”.
Traditionally, on the first day of the conference two plenary reports were made. Prof.dr. Vincentas Lamanauskas presented a report on the achieved results of the International project “MaT²SMc, Materials for Teaching Together: Science and Mathematics Teachers collaborating for better results”. There are prepared 33 integrated natural science education topics. The material will be presented in the project internet café http://www.mat2smc-project.eu/index.asp?lang=en. Lithuanian Educology University associate professor Rita Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė spoke about the importance of learning in nature. Speaking about primary class pupils’ natural science education, the speaker emphasized, that more possibilities should be made for the pupils to learn world cognition in natural surroundings, because this is the way to their better natural science competence. The colleagues from St. Petersburg made a historical report in which they discussed the questions of chemistry teaching methodology history in Russia.
In the afternoon the work went on in two sections. In the first section the reports were mostly devoted to pre-school, primary and general natural science education problems.
This year, the same way as every year, conference article collection was prepared and published. It is worth to mention, that since 2013 this publication has been serial. Totally13 articles are published in this year edition, in which various natural science problems are discussed. One can dare assert that a certain conference ideology has been formed already.
On the one hand, conference is a nice connection “bridge” between academic and pedagogical (teacher) communities. Teachers share their experience, raise important problems, find out certain new information and so on.
So, 21st national conference is a history already. As always, not everything was successfully recorded, not all interesting questions discussed. One has to believe, that natural science education movement will continue and develop. 22nd conference is expected to take place in Jonava, in April, 2016.
Key words: national conference, science education, science and technological education movement.
CHEMICAL EXPERIMENT AS METHOD OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE WORLD OF THE RUSSIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN XIX-XX CENTURIES
Authors: Teleshov Sergei V. , Teleshova Elena V.
Published: May 2021

The chemistry as an independent subject in the Russian Empire was brought into the curriculum of real gymnasiums in 1864 (Parmyonov, 1963; Teleshov, 2000). Nevertheless, in 1794 in Mountain school A. M. Karamyshev, Karl Linney's pupil, gave actually the first course of chemistry in high school. It is quite natural that the very first textbooks of chemistry in Russia were in the German and French languages. Then the time of translated textbooks came. The first original textbooks for school appeared in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century. In all these books the essential attention was paid to chemical experiment: both to supervision, and its performance. Also, we will try to track that could observe and what to carry out in fixed time pupils of gymnasiums, schools and military schools at 19 beginning of 20 centuries. Certainly, we consider this question in connection with its large volume on a limited number of examples, using materials of school textbooks and articles in the methodical magazine. Educational texts in the range of 1886-1910, till 1911 - prior to the beginning of a methodical era of V. Verkhovsky will be brought to your attention.
Key words: secondary school, chemical experiment, non multa sed multum.
THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL BALTIC SYMPOSIUM ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION BalticSTE2015 „STATE-OF-THE-ART AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES”: A REVIEW OF SYMPOSIUM
Authors: Lamanauskas Vincentas
Published: May 2021

This year, on June 15th-18th, the 1st international Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education „State-of-the-art and future perspectives“ (BalticSTE2015) took place. The symposium was organized by the scientific methodological centre “Scientia Educologica” and Šiauliai university, Lithuania.
The symposium on this topic in the Baltic States was organized for the first time. It is a unique opportunity for the scientist of the Baltic States to show the achievements in the sphere of natural science and technology education. On the other hand, it is an opportunity to examine the latest researches in the world, to come into business contacts etc.
This kind of symposiums is held regularly in Asia, Africa, South and North America and is primarily intended to facilitate the development of science and technology education in the region. This symposium attended by guests from Taiwan, Brazil, Canada, Turkey, Iran, Russia, Slovenia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Italy, Latvia, and Poland.
The symposium proceedings were prepared and published. Totally 34 short papers are published in which various natural science and technology education problems are discussed.
So, 1st International BalticSTE2015 symposium is a history already. As always, not everything was successfully recorded, not all interesting questions discussed. One has to believe, that natural science and technology education movement will continue and develop. The 2nd symposium is expected to take place in Šiauliai, in June, 2017.
Key words: international symposium, science education, science and technological education movement.
METAVISUAL STRATEGY FOR THE BUILD AND REBUILDING OF CHEMICAL CONCEPTS IN THE SYMBOLIC LEVEL WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF IMAGES
Authors: Locatelli Solange , Arroio Agnaldo
Published: May 2021

Considering the opportunity of reconstruction of ideas is very important for success in the learning process. For this purpose, a metavisual strategy was used, comparing images, one made by the students and the other presented by the researcher so they could compare and be able to rebuild their ideas, the latter an image based on a scientific accepted model. The research focus was the comprehension of the symbolic level by the learners while studying two electrochemical interactions by comparing images and rethinking about them. Thirty-two high school students, organized in pairs, participated in the research carrying out a proposed teaching and learning sequence (TLS) in the classroom. First, the students proposed hypotheses and then they had the opportunity to rethink about them modeling their learning. Students were filmed and the transcriptions and registers made by them were analyzed later. The results indicate a qualitative and progressive improvement in the learning of the subject when using the metavisual strategy, bringing evidence that it can be efficient to build and rebuild initial concepts in electrochemistry. Key words: electrochemical teaching, metacognition, metavisualization, metavisual strategy, modeling.
Relevance of Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction for Organizational Performance
Authors: Uttamsagar Kurella , Babu Prof. N. Kishore
Published: May 2021

In the present business climate as it is evident with high occupation misfortunes because of cutback and conservation to make a lean association, it is likewise essential for associations to stop loses of performing workers because of diminishing position fulfillment and absence of inspiration to proceed with the association for long. Propelled and fulfilled workers will have submitted approach towards authoritative goal; thusly associations will likewise need to show comparative responsibility towards representative targets. Here the part of HR is to consistently pursue arrangement of desires of the worker with the objectives of the association. This goal can be accomplished by establishing rousing workplace which advances and addresses representative requirement for development and improvement. These elements albeit complex in nature and as they couldn't be tended to for singular worker premise as it might fluctuate case to case it is significant for HR to investigate the regular spaces of crossing point. Occupation fulfillment or representative inspiration is contemplated to deal with the turnover as well as there are other antagonistic impacts of disappointment like truancy, low execution, lower spirit, low commitment to the group, less coordination, less direction towards hierarchical target these could influence the association ability to contend in the exceptionally aggressive business climate. Henceforth the HR needs to prompt a hierarchical climate and advance authoritative culture which takes in to thought of the overall need.
An Hospital Application Involving Deep Learning Methodology for Detecting Nutrients Intake
Authors: Devi S. Karthika , Berin J. Ashley , Sungeetha Dr. D.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a prospective view of how much calories is consumed by a person before and after a meal. From the calorie intake project, the management gets to know whether the person consumed the necessary amount of calorie. Although the hospital diet can provide adequate energy and nutrients, many patients may not consume sufficient food to meet their needs. The estimated energy intake of about one-third of patients was very low, and vitamin C, calcium and zinc intakes were also of concern. At least one-third of patients arriving at the hospital are malnourished. This can mean a patient’s diet does not provide the right amount or appropriate ratio of calories, macronutrients, or micronutrients to promote adequate healing. If this continuous then it may be a risk to the patient’s health and may not be a good sign. In this project, we proposed a deep learning system to monitor the nutrient intake for hospitalized patients. A Camera will scan the amount of food given to the patient, when the patient finishes the meal again the camera will again scan the amount of food the patient has taken. It will also note down the number of calories the patient has intake and the amount of calories the patient has left. This will help hospitalized patient to be healthy and will also help hospital staffs to monitor with ease.
A Review of Contemporary Challenges in Business Culture
Authors: Biewendt Marcel , Blaschke Florian , Böhnert Arno
Published: May 2021

The following article deals with the basic principles of intercultural management and possible improvements in terms of cultural, ethnic and gender diversification. The results are exemplarily applied to a bank located in Germany. The aim of this paper is to find out to what extent intercultural management could improve the productivity of Relatos-Bank in dealing with foreign employees or employees with a different cultural background. To achieve this goal, the authors con-duct a literature research. The main sources of information are books, journal articles and internet sources. It becomes clear that especially the different perceptions of different generations have a potential for conflict, which can be counteracted by applying presented scientific models. Equalizing the salaries of female and male employees and equalizing the rights and distribution of power could also be the key to becoming an open-minded, dynamic and fair organization that is pre-pared for the rapidly changing environment in which it operates.
Application of Game Theory in Middle-Management: A Military Historical Study of the Role of the Middle-Manager as a Correlated Equilibrium Factor in the Decision-Making Process
Authors: Commine Quentin , Aboiron Jérémie
Published: May 2021

The role of the manager, defined by innumerable scientific publications, is only rarely seen through the prism of game theory and its notions of equilibrium allowing decision-makers to optimize situations. The role of the middle-manager, mindful of the human factor and respectful toward his mission shall lead to a virtuous balance, can be defined in game theory as a correlated equilibrium in the sense of the game theorist Robert Aumann. Indeed, this kind of equilibrium goes further than the Nash equilibrium by introducing the notion of a common game and an intermediary embedded in the decision-making process and getting the strategy from his superiors to translate it to his subordinated staff. We use two military historical illustrations to illustrate this concept: the case of the Auftragstaktik refers to Sherman's "march to the sea" while the study of Lee's defeat at Gettysburg refers to the necessity of having capable subordinated staff to maximize an outcome. Throughout this study, we show and formalize the essential role of the middle-manager in the elaboration of effective decisions and processes.
Factors potentially influencing case fatality rate in different stages of COVID-19 outbreak in Europe
Authors: Orlewska Katarzyna , Orlewski Pawel , Klusek Justyna
Published: May 2021

Introduction

The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in COVID-19 case fatality rates (CFR) in time and to examine the link between CFR and country-specific indicators referring to quality of healthcare, population and epidemiology in different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in 30 European countries (EU27 + Switzerland, Norway and United Kingdom).

Material and methods

We distinguished three 70-day time phases of the outbreak: 17 March–25 May; 1 June–9 August; 15 August–23 October 2020. The applied COVID-19 dataset was based on data maintained by OurWorldInData.org retrieved in November 2020. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis was used to examine the link between CFR and country-specific indicators referring to population, epidemiology and quality of healthcare.

Results

COVID-19 CFR in analyzed European countries declined from mid-March to end-October. CFR phase 1 was positively correlated with COVID-19 mortality, daily cumulative index (DCI), urbanization and proportion of the population aged > 80; CFR phase 2 was positively correlated with COVID-19 mortality and DCI; CFR phase 3 was positively correlated with COVID-19 mortality, median age, poverty, prevalence of obesity, smoking and cardiovascular disease and negatively correlated with Healthcare Access and Quality Index, Health Care Index and gross domestic product per capita.

Conclusions

Results of our correlation analyses support the concept that the decline in CFR is real and, depending of the phase of the outbreak, different factors play a role. From the public health perspective, measures implemented to reduce the viral transmission, isolating the most vulnerable and improving the overall quality of the healthcare system are advisable.