bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Indeks Kekeringan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT)
Authors: Pratama Raka Gusti Wahyu , Januriyadi Nurul , Pamungkas Ricky Chandra
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang indeks kekeringan pada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur berdasarkan data hujan historis dan data hujan proyeksi dengan tujuan untuk dapat mengetahui gambaran kondisi kekeringan pada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dan dapat memperkirakan resiko kekeringan yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut pada masa mendatang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), dengan input data curah hujan historis selama 17 tahun (awal tahun 2004 sampai akhir tahun 2020) dan data curah hujan proyeksi selama 30 tahun terakhir abad ke-21 (awal tahun 2071 sampai akhir tahun 2100). Proses perhitungan nilai indeks SPI dilakukan secara otomatis dengan bantuan software SPI Generator v 1.7.5. Hasil nilai SPI berdasarkan data hujan historis menggambarkan kondisi kekeringan di Provinsi NTT masih relatif normal, tetapi ada daerah seperti Kabupaten Belu yang beresiko cukup tinggi mengalami kekeringan. Dari hasil nilai SPI berdasarkan data historis pula, dapat ditentukan periode SPI prioritas yang merupakan periode yang terbaik dalam menggambarkan kondisi kekeringan di lapangan. Kemudian hasil nilai SPI berdasarkan data hujan proyeksi menggambarkan kondisi NTT pada masa mendatang, yang memiliki kondisi (indeks) yang lebih kering dibandingkan dengan indeks SPI berdasarkan data historis.
Design of Hazardous Waste Storage Area for Fecal Sludge Briquettes by Waste Impoundment in Indonesia
Authors: Ulhasanah Nova , Widanarko Dhea Umi Falentina , Erlingga Falia Ayu , Fitrah Elsyah Bhima , Aulia Wira , Sari Dessy Maya , Rahman Ari
Published: July 2023

The high production and sufficient calorific value content of the fecal sludge make it can be made as a raw material for producing briquettes. This supports the world's program in an effort to create alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. The purpose of this research is to design a production building and storage of fecal sludge into briquettes in a sewage treatment company so as to minimize the potential hazards of the sludge (accidents in the work placement and the negative impact on the environmenty) as flammable hazardous waste. At the beginning of the design, 3 alternative designs were assessed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. the chosen alternative is alternative 3 with the proposed redesign of the briquette storage building, production site, and fecal sludge storage area separately, where the sludge storage area which was originally a hangar was converted into a waste impoundment system. The building design criteria for alternative 3 are fire-resistant buildings whose specifications are regulated by the Indonesian National Standard 03-1736-2000 and several other regulations (PERMENLHK No. 12, 2020 and BAPEDAL No. 1, 1995). With a planned storage duration of 1 year, the waste impoundment is designed to cover an area of 2304 m3 of fecal sludge, 72 storage drums for carbonated sludge, and 95 storage drums for fecal sludge briquesttes. In addition, the waste impoundment design is based on the PERMENLHK standard No. 12 of 2020. Waste impoundment can reduce the pH and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of hazardous waste to below the quality standard threshold. the acidity level of the waste can be neutral to pH 7.79 (threshold 6-9), and TSS down to 86.67 mg/l (threshold 200 mg/l). The results of this study can make a major contribution to the field of hazardous waste management, especially fecal sludge, not only for Indonesia but also for countries that have similar conditions.
Analisa Perbedaan Kualiatas Udara berdasarkan Parameter Nitrogen Dioksida dan Sulfur Dioksida Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Suhardono Sapta , Septiariva Iva Yenis , Sari Mega Mutiara
Published: July 2023

Pandemi COVID-19 secara tidak langsung merubah mobilisasi masyarkat di perkotaan. Salah satu kota yang mengalami perubahan tersebut adalah Kota Surakarta. Mobilisasi kendaraan merupakan hal yang dapat dilevaluasi, salahs satu cara mengevaluasi hal tersebut adalah dengan melihat kualitas udara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat perbedaan kualitas udara sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Surakarta. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah dengan mengalisa secara kuantitatif dengan analisa varian (ANOVA). Parameter kualitas udara yang dilihat dalam studi ini adalah Nitrogen dioksida dan Sulfur dioksida. Berdasarkan analisa data di tiga ruas jalan Nitrogen dioksida cenderung meningkat pada dua ruas jalan di Kota Surakarta. Sedangkan konsentrasi Sulfur dioksida cenderung menurun dari tahun 2019 ke tahun 2020. Analisa ANOVA memperlihatkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan (sig<0.05) konsentrasi parameter udara tahun 2019 ke tahun 2020.
Analisis Pengendalian Biaya Dan Waktu Menggunakan Metode Nilai Hasil (Earned Value) Pada Kasus Pembangunan Gedung Puskesmas Lumbang Di Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Borges Anjelita Carmelitas , Asa M. Fanshurullah
Published: July 2023

Pada suatu proyek selalu terjadi beberapa masalah yang ditimbulkan terhadap biaya dan waktu. Dalam pelaksanaan proyek sangat jarang yang dapat berjalan tepat sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Dalam menghindari kerugian dalam kegiatan pekerjaan pembangunan digunakannya pengendalian biaya dan waktu dengan sebuah konsep yang biasa disebut dengan metode konsep nilai hasil (Earned Value). Tujuan dari penulisan paper ini adalah untuk melakukan analisa kinerja biaya dan waktu dalam menyelesaikan proyek Gedung Puskesmas Lumbang Kabupaten Probolinggo dengan menggunakan metode nilai hasil (Earned Value). Hasil kinerja pelaksanaan proyek berdasarkan konsep nilai hasil (earned value) nilai dari ACWP adalah sebesar Rp. 4.624.935.401, nilai BCWS dan BCWP sebesar Rp. 4.624.935.404. berdasarkan nilai ACWP, BCWS dan BCWP diperoleh nilai dari Cost Varians (CV) adalah sebesar Rp 3,40 dan Schedule Varians (SV) adalah sama dengan nol. Nilai dari SPI dan CPI adalah sama dengan 1. Perkiraan waktu penyelesaian proyek yaitu sebesar 150 hari yang dimana sama dengan waktu rencana proyek. Perkiraan biaya akhir dari proyek adalah sebesar Rp. 4.624.935.397 yang menunjukkan bahwa biaya yang dikeluarkan lebih kecil dari rencana total anggaran (BAC) sebesar Rp. 4.624.935.404. Hasil dari perhitungan tersebut maka proyek tidak mengalami keterlambatan maupun penambahan biaya.
Design of Waste Processing System in Slum Area by 3R Waste Treatment Site (Case Study: Tangerang City, Indonesia)
Authors: Ulhasanah Nova , Mahlisa Rizky , Ridhosari Betanti
Published: July 2023

This design contains the process of designing a Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) Waste Processing Facility that can handle residential waste in Selapajang Jaya Sub-district. The objective of this design is to create a recommendation for a 3R Waste Processing Facility that complies with the 3R Waste Processing Facility Technical Guidelines and can reduce waste volume before being transported to the Landfill (TPA). Additionally, the design includes a budget plan covering investment costs, operational and maintenance costs, and assumptions about the revenue received by the 3R Waste Processing Facility. There are 3 design alternatives that will be selected using the Utility Theory and Compromise Program methods. The chosen best alternative involves processing organic waste using hollow brick boxes and plastic waste using a shredder machine. This design is capable of handling a waste generation of 22.449 m3/day from 1.952 households in Selapajang Jaya Sub-district. The facility includes waste sorting area, residue storage area, plastic waste processing area, organic waste processing area, warehouse, office, security post, and toilets. Theoretically, this 3R Waste Processing Facility can reduce the amount of waste by 61.17%. The design requires an investment cost of Rp 434,370,815 with a monthly operational and maintenance cost of Rp 45,781,470, and an estimated monthly revenue of Rp 94,148,061 for the 3R Waste Processing Facility.
Dynamics of ferrimagnetic domain walls driven by sinusoidal microwave magnetic field
Authors: Zhao Chen-Rui , Wei Yun-Xin , Liu Ting-Ting , Qin Ming-Hui ,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, South China Institute of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Published: July 2023

Ferrimagnetic domain walls have received more and more attention because of their interesting physics and potential applications in future spintronic devices, particularly attributing their non-zero net magnetization and ultrafast dynamics. Exploring effective methods of driving domain walls with low energy consumption and high efficiency can provide important information for experimental design and device development. In this work, we study theoretically and numerically the dynamics of ferrimagnetic domain wall driven by the sinusoidal microwave magnetic field using the collective coordinate theory and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert simulations of atomistic spin model. It is revealed that the microwave field drives the propagation of the domain wall when the frequency falls into an appropriate range, which allows one to modulate the domain wall dynamics through tuning field frequency. Specifically, below the critical frequency, the domain wall velocity is proportional to the field frequency and the net angular momentum, while above the critical frequency, the domain wall velocity decreases rapidly to zero . The physical mechanisms of the results are discussed in detail, and the influences of the biaxial anisotropy and other parameters on the velocity of domain wall are studied. It is suggested that the wall dynamics can be effectively regulated by adjusting the basic magnetic structure and magnetic anisotropy, in addition to the external microwave field frequency. This work uncovers the interesting dynamics of ferrimagnetic domain wall driven by sinusoidal microwave magnetic field, which is helpful for designing domain wall-based spintronic device.
As secretarias acadêmicas como espaços educativos na educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Szadkoski Marta Helena , Paixão Marcia Valéria
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo sobre os espaços educativos com o objetivo de situar as Secretarias Acadêmicas como ambientes educativos na  Educação Profissional Tecnológica. O pacote metodológico inclui questionários, entrevistas semiestruturadas, revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental que foram observados através de uma análise  interpretativa que revelou as Secretarias Acadêmicas como realizadores de procedimentos formativos e como local de troca de significados, signos, símbolos entre os indivíduos que dele participam. Um espaço de interações repleto de outros espaços resultantes de atividades humanas e de significados compartilhados e comunicados nas ações humanas. Estando em um espaço educacional, foi possível considerá-las como espaços educativos. Este estudo é parte dos resultados da pesquisa de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica - ProfEPT, cuja dissertação resultou em  produto educacional que  enfoca as atividades formativas desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Acadêmica, apresentado como Guia de orientações, e que pode contribuir no desenvolvimento das atividades formativas desenvolvidas nesse espaço. Os resultados obtidos com a pesquisa demonstram a importância de conhecer a Secretaria Acadêmica a fim de difundir a relevância desse espaço dentro da instituição de ensino, demonstrando que suas competências não são somente sobre atividades burocráticas, mas envolvem práticas educativas.
O trabalho e os papéis de diretores de escola à luz de um modelo de gestão: um estudo na rede pública municipal de ensino de Juiz de Fora – MG
Authors: Machado Márcia Cristina da Silva , Dusi Cristina Sayuri Côrtes Ouchi , Coutinho Franciane Silva
Published: July 2023

Considerando a importância da gestão escolar no contexto das políticas de autonomia, avaliação e responsabilização, o artigo busca refletir sobre a dinâmica de trabalho e os papéis dos diretores de escola pública, a partir da aplicação de um modelo de gestão. Além de um estudo teórico, são apresentados os resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida por pesquisadores da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, na rede pública municipal de ensino de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A inserção no contexto escolar propiciou observar os papéis que os diretores desempenham no cotidiano da gestão, bem como que a dinâmica de trabalho desses gestores é complexa, conturbada e fragmentada, dificultando a organização e o planejamento das atividades da gestão escolar.
Do creativity techniques enhances employees soft skills?
Authors: Rua Orlando Lima , Maia Ana Rita
Published: July 2023

This research aims to analyze how creativity techniques can enhance workers’ soft skills. In addition, this study aims to understand how the environment that surrounds company workers can affect their performance. Therefore, a quantitative methodology was developed through a questionnaire with 87 answers from employees of large companies in the area of Marketing and Management. The data was studied through reliability to find the relation between the creativity techniques, soft skills and the work environment, where the workers are inserted. The results show that most of the companies approached are comfortable using creativity techniques as a way of stimulating creative potential and enhancing the soft skills of workers, such as negotiation, problem-solving and innovation. It was also found that most only use the best-known techniques such as Brainstorming and Mind Map. These findings focus on the need to implement more creative techniques and an environment/sessions where workers feel comfortable exposing their ideas. It is recommended that companies start taking into account the creative potential of workers, as this allows a company to differentiate itself in an increasingly competitive working world.
Impacto da liderança transformacional na orientação empreendedora das PME da indústria têxtil e vestuário portuguesa
Authors: Rua Orlando Lima , Leite Cristiana Ferreira
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo fundamental analisar o impacto da liderança transformacional na orientação empreendedora de empresas da indústria têxtil e vestuário portuguesa. Adotando uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa, utilizou-se como instrumento o inquérito por questionário, o qual foi aplicado a PME da referida indústria. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do modelo de equações estruturais (SEM). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a existência de uma relação positiva e significativa entre liderança transformacional e orientação empreendedora. Este estudo terá implicações na adoção, ou reajustamento, de estratégias e práticas que promovam a liderança transformacional tendentes a otimizar a orientação empreendedora em empresas da indústria têxtil e vestuário portuguesa, considerando a digitalização e a transição digital em curso.
Empreendimentos turísticos e sustentabilidade: estudo de caso da cidade do Porto (Portugal)
Authors: Rua Orlando Lima , Silva Igor Filipe Martins
Published: July 2023

O objetivo fundamental deste estudo é analisar o impacto dos empreendimentos turísticos na sustentabilidade da atividade turística, no caso específico da cidade do Porto (Portugal).  Para esta pesquisa foi escolhida a pesquisa quantitativa, mais concretamente a realização e divulgação de um inquérito por questionário estruturado, já que permite uma resposta prática, rápida, anónima e em grande número, sendo que o questionário foi respondido apenas por residentes da cidade do Porto.  Através de uma amostra composta por 166 indivíduos, os resultados permitiram concluir que (1) os empreendimentos turísticos, através das suas receitas, podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de medidas mais sustentáveis que contribuem para a construção de um destino mais sustentável, (2) a construção de empreendimentos turísticos na cidade, aos olhos dos residentes, implica um uso excessivo do solo e dos recursos do território, prejudicando o nível de sustentabilidade da cidade e (3) de um modo geral, os empreendimentos turísticos, devem ser construídos de forma sustentada, sob a orientação de um bom plano de ordenamento de território e com a adoção de medidas de funcionamento sustentáveis, de modo a minimizar os impactos negativos causados no meio físico e cultural, aumentando os impactos positivos, contribuindo, dessa forma, para a construção de um destino cada vez mais sustentável, tendo em consideração a digitalização e a transição digital em curso.
Criação de ovinos de corte: análise dos custos de produção, expectativas de retorno e riscos, uma contribuição ao desenvolvimento regional
Authors: Bendin Luciano , Jusviacky Alessandra Wagner , Grossel Alessandra , Farias Danielle , Bannach Daniel Gauloski
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os custos de produção, expectativas de retorno de investimento e os riscos associados à criação de ovinos de corte em uma propriedade rural do município de Mafra/SC. O estudo aborda a análise de custos da criação de um total de 172 cabeças de ovinos, onde 72 cabeças são parte do investimento, sendo 70 ovelhas reprodutoras e 2 carneiros reprodutores que darão origem a 100 cordeiros destinados a venda por ano, durante um período de cinco anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada quanto a sua natureza, descritiva quanto ao seu objetivo e de estudo de caso quanto a sua estratégia de abordagem do problema. As informações e os dados coletados por meio de pesquisa documental e entrevista foram sistematizadas em fluxo de caixa projetado nos respectivos prazos, a partir de uma TMA 8% a.a. Utilizou-se a Metodologia Multi-índice para a análise do retorno e dos riscos envolvidos. A partir dos resultados encontrados, recorreu-se a simulação Monte Carlo, através do software Crystal Ball, que apontam que o VPL médio é de R$ 56.960,09 e o ROIA é de 9,83%. A princípio, o estudo se faria com a comparação entre a reprodução natural e a inseminação artificial, mas em uma pesquisa previa, constatou-se que a inseminação artificial em ovinos não é viável, portanto optou-se em trabalhar com o levantamento de informações apenas com a reprodução natural. Os resultados da pesquisa são considerados satisfatórios, pois ao final do quinto ano o investimento trará um bom lucro.
Mapa de riscos em uma escola da rede estadual de ensino
Authors: Martins Augusto Chaves , Santos Lauriene Teixeira
Published: July 2023

Considerando a importância de normas e regras regulamentadoras que proporcionem segurança para os usuários de um ambiente empresarial, e a contribuição do Mapa de Riscos nesse sentido, o presente artigo possui como objetivo geral a identificação dos agentes de risco à saúde em uma escola estadual do município de Bambuí-MG e a elaboração de um Mapa de Risco da instituição. A fundamentação teórica aborda os seguintes tópicos: segurança do trabalho; mapa de risco e sua importância nas escolas; e, Simbologias utilizadas nos mapas de risco. O estudo é caracterizado como um estudo de caso, de cunho qualitativo. Dessa forma, foi possível realizar a elaboração do mapa de risco da escola estadual. Além disso, espera-se que o estudo venha contribuir para a conscientização da importância da elaboração do mapa de risco em todas as escolas, de forma a prevenir acidentes com colaboradores e estudantes.
Effects of Kegel and General Fitness Exercises in Reducing the Severity of Urinary IncontinenceAn Interventional Study
Authors: Vijayakumar K , Dixit Daksha , Sundarasamy Supadevi
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The involuntary flow of urine from the bladder is known as Urinary Incontinence (UI). Men and women of any age can experience incontinence, but it is more prevalent in older women. Several chronic illnesses and environmental variables increases incidence of UI in elderly adults. Most people in this modern era avoid seeking medical intervention early, due to financial worries as the current diagnostic and intervention methods are expensive. Aim: To use low-cost urinary diaper method for assessing the severity of UI and to study the effect of Kegel and therapeutic exercises in reducing the severity of UI in elderly women. Materials and Methods: This interventional study was conducted in an Inshape Physiotherapy Centre in Chennai, India. The duration of the study was five months, from August 2021 to December 2021. A total of 36 women with UI aged 55-75 years were included. The severity of UI among the participants was assessed using onehour Diaper Test (DPT), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and their level of fitness was evaluated using Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Kegel exercise, pelvic floor exercises were implemented following American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, and data collected was subjected to descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 69.43±3.4 years. As a result of the intervention, 13 out of 36 participants, who initially had severe UI showed improvement (10 participants improved to moderate UI and three participants improved to mild UI). Out of seven participants, who initially had moderate UI, three participants improved to mild UI. Eight out of the 36 participants showed no UI after intervention, indicating complete recovery. There is an association between the Body Mass Index (BMI), HAM-A and UI, the intervention results in the changes of BMI, and HAM-A thus, reducing the severity of UI. Conclusion: The present study showed that, cost-effective diagnostic and non invasive intervention methods reduced the severity of the UI. The study also recommends regular physical activities to reduce stress and anxiety levels, which in turn helps to improve UI.
Anxiety, Social and Hospital Phobia among Transgender at a Community Centre in Chennai, Southern India: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Divya R , Menon Aparna , Abeetha S
Published: July 2023

ntroduction: Stigma and discrimination within the healthcare sector in general may impact transgender people’s desire and ability to access appropriate medical treatment. The transgender community have specific healthcare needs which may go untreated leading to increased disease burden in the community. In India there is a gap in understanding the factors affecting utilisation of health services by transgender community. Aim: To determine the factors affecting presence of social, hospital phobia and anxiety among transgender individuals at a Transgender community centre in south India, and to understand the perspective of the community members on using healthcare services. Materials and Methods: The present quantitative component embedded within a qualitative study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital (DSMCH) (Community Centre), Siruvachur, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu, India for two days, during the month of August 2022 among 24 transgender adults. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with the group for the qualitative part of the study during two consecutive days in August 2022, and quantitative part was analysed within the same group using three questionnaires for social phobia, hospital phobia and hospital anxiety. Age-wise and genderwise distribution of scores in social phobia, hospital phobia and hospital anxiety were analysed using Mann-Whitney U tests as the data was not normally distributed. Results: Out of the 24 participants, 20 (83.33%) were in the age-group of 18-35 years and 18 (75%) identified themselves as transfemales. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interview found prevalence of gender based discrimination and mistreatment at hospitals faced by transgender individuals leading to fear of hospitals. Out of 24, nine participants had hospital related anxiety score more than four out of nine. Social phobia score out of 36 was given and the highest score was 27, with a mean score of 11.416±8.445. Hospital phobia score out of 32 was given and mean score was 13±6.041. Conclusion: Transgender individuals feel hesitant to approach hospitals due to the discrimination they have faced and continue to face at hospitals. There is a need to make our hospitals a more inclusive space for them.
Meso Chemical Symmetry, Definition by Molecular Modelling and Application to Inositols
Authors: Iga Dumitru Petru I.
Published: July 2023

Plane of symmetry is a physical chemical phenomenon and an instrument. Geometrical plane of symmetry indicates two identical achiral halves. In a slightly modified form, it is applied also in chemistry. In geometry it cuts a point or a line, while in chemistry it cuts a cloud of electrons (a bond) or one or more atoms. The second type, chemical plane of symmetry, named also mirror plane of symmetry, indicates two enantiomeric chiral halves uniformly linked with each other or uniformly linked on a suitable matrix. Compounds characterized by a mirror plane of symmetry have been designated meso. Meso compounds designated in this way by Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules do not change the latter assertion: one can assert that molecules of this group are formed of two imaginary enantiomeric halves separated by an imaginary mirror plane of symmetry. From the definition of meso compounds one can infer, by molecular modelling, that alternative dimerization of the two enantiomeric halves, between them or on the initial matrix, would produce two chiral enantiomeric products. However, inositols, considered meso by numerous authors, present spectacular and unexpected surprises.
Potato Market Structure, Conduct and Performance in Tete Province of Mozambique
Authors: Sandramo Paulino Bartolomeu , Edriss Abdi-Khalil
Published: July 2023

Since over 85 percent (%) of potato production in Mozambique comes from Tete province, it was necessary to develop the present study in order to assess the current structure, conduct and performance of potato market in this region so as to improve the discussions of the potato industry in the country. Based on this objective, the study targeted four districts of Tete province, namely Angonia, Tsangano, Moatize and Tete town. Data were collected through a survey in February 2021, using multistage random sampling techniques to 152 potato traders in 10 markets of these districts. The structure, conduct and performance theory was used. Gini coefficient indices were used to analyze the structure of potato markets, frequency and percentage were used to analyze the conduct of potato markets and marketing margins were the tools applied to analyze the performance of potato markets. The result indicated that in overall sampled potato markets, the Gini Coefficient Index was 0.25 out of 1.0 indicating that potato markets were competitive. In addition, 78.9% of potato traders reported that selling price depended on the forces of demand and supply. Despite of this, traders were getting 57.9% of consumer’s price and 42.1% was the producer participation.  Among the selected potato markets, Lizulu and 1o de Maio respectively were found to be most efficient with indices of 669.2% and 1,718.8%. A 100% of potato traders were unanimous on pointing a lack of cold storage facilities as a major constraint to potato marketing which influence price to be unstable. In the study area, the size of the market-share and the distribution of income is almost the same between different categories of traders and the business is profitable. Policy recommendations of strengthening the rehabilitation of rural roads and establishment of cooling centres among others can promote potato marketing in Mozambique.
Major Component for the Isolation and Identification of Microorganisms Found in Tomato Soil at Akwata Garriki
Authors: Ngozi Ewoh Anthonia , Jacinta Aneke Chinwe , Ifeanyi Ezea Boniface
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to isolate and identify microorganisms from swamp water samples from the Akwata market in Enugu, where tomatoes were sold. Three wetland water samples, one each at the entrance, middle and end of the Akwata market were collected and analyzed for the presence of bacteria and fungi. The microorganisms were isolated by culturing on Nutrient, MacConkey and Sabouraud glucose agar plates using standard methods. After the incubation period, the number of unit-forming colonies was counted to determine the average total bacterial count. Bacterial isolates were identified based on colony, microscopic and biochemical reactions. Fungal isolates were identified based on their morphological and microscopic features. Wetland water samples taken at the entrance, middle, and edge of the Akwata market had an average total bacterial count of 1.4 x 104 CFU/mL, 2.0 x 104 CFU/mL, and 1.5 x 104 CFU/mL. Fungal counts were 1.6 x 104 CFU/mL, 3.5 x 104 CFU/mL, and 2.4 x 104 CFU/mL, respectively, in swamp water samples collected at the entrance collected at the middle and end of the Akwata market. Bacterial isolates identified were Escherichia coli (27.58%), Pseudomonas sp. (7.93%), Klebsiella spp. (20.7%) and Salmonella spp. (13.79%). The identified fungal isolate was Aspergillus sp. (38.88%), Candida sp. (16.67%), Fusarium sp. (27.78) and Penicillium sp. (16.67%). This study showed that bacteria and fungi are associated with the swamp water of the Akwata market where tomatoes were sold. Efforts should therefore be made to improve the quality of the water supplied to the Akwata market and thus guarantee the hygienic and sanitary quality of the tomatoes sold.
Effects of Instruction in Pre-Writing Strategy on Students’ Achievement in Idea Organization and Paragraphing
Authors: Gomwalk Sabina H. , Enighe Jeno-Mary , Marshal Dinatu Ali
Published: July 2023

The rate at which students' composition writing is degenerating requires an urgent approach to improving students’ ability in idea generation and paragraphing at the secondary school level. It is against this backdrop that this paper attempt to determine the effects of instruction in pre-writing strategy on senior secondary students’ achievement in idea generation, and paragraphing. The study was a quasi-experimental one that utilizes a non-equivalent pre-test and post-test design. Students’ composition writing achievement test was used to collect data from 120 SS one students from four intact classes. The data collected were computed using the mean, and standard deviation to answer the research questions and student's t-test to test the hypotheses formulated. Findings from the analyses showed that exposure to the pre-writing strategy achieved higher coherent paragraphing in composition writing than their counterparts who were taught composition writing using the conventional method.
Determination of Antihypergycemic Effect of Flaxseed (L. usititatissimum) Fractions on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Abigail Adugbe , Godwin Vongdip Nanman , Uduakobong Obot Blessing , Luka Carol. D.
Published: July 2023

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistent high blood glucose level.  Flaxseed is one of the functional foods used in the management of diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of different fractions of Flaxseed on albino diabetic rats, and diabetes was induced using streptozotocin. The fractions were obtained using solvents with increasing polarity, namely n-Hexane, Ethylacetate, Methanol, and Water. The presence of various phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, balsam, carbohydrates, phenols, and resins, were identified. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the methanolic fraction contained the highest concentration of bioactive components, followed by the aqueous fraction.  Significant reductions in blood glucose levels were observed across the groups treated with the Flaxseed fractions. The methanolic fraction exhibited the highest antihyperglycemic property (5.90±0.536), followed by the aqueous fraction (8.73±0.536). The hexane fraction ranked next to the aqueous fraction (20.50±1.617), while the ethylacetate fraction had the least antihyperglycemic effect (23.60±0.731). However, the protein and albumin biomarkers showed significant increase across all treatment groups. The Flaxseed fractions also demonstrated antihyperlipidemic properties, with the methanolic fraction being the most potent. Additionally, the treatment groups exhibited improved kidney function biomarkers, serum enzyme levels, and electrolyte levels. Based on the results of this investigation, Flaxseed proves to be a potent antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic food. Moreover, the methanolic fraction demonstrated the greatest ameliorative effect, followed by the aqueous fraction.
A Comprehensive Review of the Efficacy, Mechanisms and Future Prospects of Nano Iron Supplementation in Piglets
Authors: Nirmala T. Vijaya , Balusamy C. , Stephan Febin , Reddy A. Devivaraprasad
Published: July 2023

Nanotechnology is a promising avenue for innovative research and development, with recent applications such as the production of nutrients with enhanced bioavailability. The distinctive characteristics of nano metals such as their larger specific surface area, heightened surface activity, greater catalytic efficiency and stronger adsorption capabilities result in an enhanced bioavailability. Small particles are easily transported through the gastrointestinal tract and can be assimilated by the animal resulting in higher efficacy compared to larger particles. Nanoparticles have the potential to serve as a vehicle for the delivery of medication, nutrients, probiotics, supplements, and other substances to the feed of livestock and poultry. Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient that is indispensable for swine due to its critical function in regulating blood hemostasis and hemoglobin levels. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent condition solely observed in swine. The susceptibility of iron deficiency in piglets is positively correlated with their size, owing to their increased blood volume and hemoglobin utilization capacity. Iron nanoparticles, also known as IONPs, have become a powerful tool in a variety of biomedical and environmental contexts. The enhanced surface area, surface activity and catalytic efficiency of nano minerals make them a promising option for animal mineral feed supplements, even at lower dosages relative to traditional sources. The objective of this review is to elucidate the effectiveness of nano iron fortification in piglets as a prophylactic measure against anemia.
Statistical Analysis of Monocyte Monolayer Assay Validation in Brazilian Blood Donors
Authors: Kahl Jéssica Hanser Nunes , Schorner Everaldo José , Kupek Emil
Published: July 2023

Aims: To validate the monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) technique concerning its suitability for blood donor screening and its cost per test performed. The MMA is an in vitro simulation of the behavior of the antibodies, demonstrating the reactions that would occur in the endothelial reticulum system after a transfusion of incompatible red blood cells, indicating the risk of a hemolytic transfusion reaction and therefore of the clinical significance of the antibodies.

Study Design: Blood samples of alloimmunized patients, selected at random from a blood donation bank, were submitted to validation tests recommended by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency for the approval of new testing procedures.

Place and Duration of Study: The following Brazilian institutions were involved between June 2009 and July 2010: Immunohematology laboratory of the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Santa Catarina state in Florianópolis, Department of Medicine (Medical Unit IV) and Department of Radiology of the Institute of Medical Sciences, Hospital Lahore in São Paulo.

Methodology: Ninety samples of alloimmunized patients treated by the Santa Catarina blood donors were used. The validation tests evaluated the selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy of the MMA method and determined the limits of detection and quantification. External validation of the method was performed by comparing these results with those of an independent laboratory in São Paulo, while making sure that the latter was blind to the results of the former. The coefficient of variation was used to express the MMA testing precision of 5 replicates across 5 different concentration levels. Type I error for evaluating statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results: Selectivity assessment of the impact of multiple alloantibodies on the MMA test result showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) across the titers of 64, 256, and 2048, each with three replications, thus confirming the test specificity. Homoscedasticity of the monocyte index (MI) data was not refuted by Levine's test with the F-value of 0.746, much below the value of 3.056 needed to achieve a statistical significance level of P<0.05. MI linearity against the logarithm of the alloantibody concentration was shown in a simple linear regression where the latter predicted 83% of the variation in the former, and the regression slope of 0.4 (95% confidence interval 0.32, 0.48). The limits of detection and quantification on the logarithm scale were 0.28 and 0.84, respectively. External validation found no statistically significant difference between the MMA test results from the two independent laboratories. The coefficient of variation of <15% indicated good MMA testing precision under routine laboratory conditions.

Conclusion: The assay met all validation criteria and was therefore effective in assessing the clinical significance of alloantibodies.
Impact of Spacing and Foliar Spray of Liquid Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Zaid Groundnut (Arachis hypogea)
Authors: Sriram Dulam , Singh Rajesh , Indu Thakur , Pradhan Akhankya
Published: July 2023

A ﬁeld experiment was conducted on groundnut during Zaid 2022 at crop research farm of SHIATS, Allahabad to ﬁnd out the effect of foliar spray of liquid organic manures and spacing on growth and yield of Zaid groundnut. The spacing of 60 x 10 cm along with the application of Panchagavya 3% had signiﬁcant and positive effect on growth and yield of groundnut with increased plant height, number of branches, plant dry weight, number of pods/ plants, 100 pod weight, seed index and pod yield. Therefore, treatment combination of 60 × 10 cm spacing along with the application of Panchagavya 3% was most productive and cost effective.
Seasonal Incidence of Head Borer, Hellula undalis Fabricius and Coccinellid Predators in Cabbage and Their Correlation with Weather Parameters
Authors: Bharodiya D. A. , Pandya H. V. , Jena M. K.
Published: July 2023

The investigation was conducted to study the seasonal incidence of cabbage head borer, Hellula undalis Fabricius at Regional Horticultural Research Station Farm, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India during 2021-22. The incidence of H. undalis on cabbage commenced from 48th Standard Meteorological Week (SMW) with its peak in the second SMW and then decreased gradually until 10th SMW, i.e., end of the crop growth period. The H. undalis larval population had highly significant negative correlation with maximum and minimum temperature and evaporation. There was 88.78 per cent association of the H. undalis population with significant weather parameters. Only coccinellid predators viz., Coccinella transversalis Fabricius and Cheilomenes sexmaculata Fabricius, were noticed in cabbage ecosystem during the crop growth period and none of the parasitoids were reported. The initial occurrence of coccinellids was noted during 48th SMW and the population increased gradually in successive weekly counts and reached the peak during second SMW and thereafter, population declined gradually until 10th SMW. The maximum and minimum temperature had significant negative correlation with the population of coccinellid beetles. The variation in abundance of coccinellids was contributed by significant abiotic factors by 85.30 per cent.
Assessing Extreme Drought Using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in the Harohar-Punpun Basin, Bihar, India
Authors: Singh I. , Mishra A. K. , Suryavanshi S.
Published: July 2023

By definition drought is a long period of deficient rainfall, especially one that badly affects growing or living conditions. Rainfall is believed to be a normal, wet and dry climate condition. It is one of the most important water-associated hazards. It greatly impacts on agricultural, hydrological, economic, environmental and social systems. Understanding these impacts is crucial for drought planning, mitigation, and response. It also helps decision-makers identify and reduce vulnerability to drought. A drought index value is a single number, far more valuable than raw numbers for result-making. The standardized precipitation index (SPI) has several characteristics that are upgrading over other indices, with its simplicity and flexibility.
The standardized precipitation index (SPI) method is used for observing and describing drought based on seventy (70) years of precipitation data from the Harohar-Punpun Basin, Bihar. Finding drought index with 3- month, 6-month, 12-month, time scale basis. Positive SPI values point to normal condition to wet condition and negative values indicate normal condition to dry condition. In this work, we computed years of intense drought between 1951 and 2021. We investigated how the effects of extreme drought varied across nine stations. At SPI-3, station-3 has a high extreme drought value, of -3.78 in 2008 and low extreme drought value of -2.63 in 2011 at station-9. Similar SPI-6 and SPI-12, station-3 has the highest extreme drought, which has found to be -4.20 in 2009, and station-2 has the lowest extreme drought, which was found to be -2.63 in 1966. Station-4 has the highest extreme drought, calculated as -3.39 in 1967, and station-6 has the lowest extreme drought value, which has -2.4 in 2018. Stations 8 and 9 in SPI-3 have a frequency of the same, which are 2.12. In comparison to other stations, they have the highest frequency. Station 4 in SPI-6 and SPI-12 has a high frequency of 3.09 and a low frequency of 0.87, while station 4 in SPI-12 has a high frequency of 3.37 and a low frequency of 0.36.
Varietal Evaluation of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) for Yield and Fruits Quality Attributes under Bundelkhand Region of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Prakash Om , Sarfaraj  , Kumar Siddharth , Kumar Vikas , Yadav Shubham
Published: July 2023

The experiment was conducted at Instruction farm, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda (U.P.) during the year 2021-2022. The trail consisting of ten treatments (T1 -Thai Ber, T2 -Umran, T3 -Banarasi Karaka, T4 -Seb, T5 -Gola, T6 -Chhuhara, T7 -Kaithali, T8 -Mundia, T9 -Elaichi and T10 –Rashmi). The variability was recorded in fruit shape (ovate oblong, oblong, ovate and round), fruit colour (green, yellow green, golden yellow and green) and pulp colour (creamy white and creamy). The yield attributes variability was observed in fruit   length (3.40-5.72 cm), fruit width (2.13-4.20 cm), fruit weight (20.27-48.33 g), fruit volume (21.21-49.25 cc), stone length (1.59-2.80 cm), stone width (0.86-2.07 cm), stone weight (1.41-2.83 g), pulp weight (16.22-44.24 g), pulp and stone ratio (11.31-15.61) and specific gravity (0.95-0.98). The quality attributes parameter also showed wide range of variation in chemical properties i.e., TSS (10.61-16.62 0Brix), ascorbic acid (80.5-115.33 mg/100g), reducing sugars (4.05-7.11 %), non-reducing sugars (3.90-4.75 %), total sugars (7.95-11.86 %), acidity (0.32-0.75 %), protein (0.40-0.70 %) and pH (3.0-5.0). Therefore, on the basis of quality attribute among the different evaluation; the variety T7 (Kaithali), T2 (Umran) and T3 (Banarasi Karaka) found to be superior. These promising varieties can be recommended for commercial cultivation at farmer’s field.
Constraints of Soybean Production by Farmers in Wardha District, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Channe Chirag B. , Maurya Mukesh K.
Published: July 2023

The Present study, conducted during the agriculture year 2022-2023 with a sample size of 80 farmers of who cultivates soyabean in the Wardha District of Maharashtra. Multi-stage sampling technique was used for selection of districts, blocks, villages, and respondents in the study area. Primary data was collected from 80 soybean growers in ten randomly selected villages: Ajansara, Bopapur, Chincholi, Daroda, Pipari, Sawangi, Umari, Pohana, Nandgaon, and Wela. The Respondents were divided into three size groups on the basis of the size of their land holdings. A total of 80 respondents were selected, and the data was collected with the help of schedule. The study reveals that the farmers had marginal farms (45%), followed by small (35%) and medium (20%) farms. It has been seen that most respondents live in nuclear families (75%), and 25% live in joint families. The study also revealed that the marginal farmer has an annual income up to Rs.20,000, followed by the small farmer, who has an annual income between Rs.20,000 to Rs.50,000. The medium farmer annual income above Rs.50,000 per year. The major constraints on the production of soybean, as presented by garrett ranking in the present study are non-availability of seed material, labour, implements hired for operation in time. There also difficulties in pest and disease control non-availability of fertilizer in time.
Impact of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicide Application on Soil Microbial Population Assessment in Direct Wet Seeded Rice
Authors: Mathew Anju T. , Prabukumar G. , Senthivelu M. , Gnanachitra M. , Prasad V. Babu Rajendra
Published: July 2023

Direct wet seeded rice is eminent due to low energy and cost required for the cultivation. The only disadvantage is difficulty to manage weeds due to which farmers rely mostly on herbicides for the effective management. Herbicides are bioactive compounds which will affect the soil microflora by its ecotoxicological behaviour. Hence, in this study herbicides such as pendimethalin, pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron ethyl (tank mix) as pre-emergence and bispyribac sodium + ethoxy sulfuron (tank mix), penoxsulam + cyhalofop butyl (ready mix), trifamone + ethoxy sulfuron (ready mix), bispyribac sodium as post emergence herbicides in their regular dosage were evaluated for their impact on soil microbial population viz; bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The results revealed that these herbicides affected the microbial population during the initial days but later the population was regained at 55 DAS which indicates the reduction in toxicity level of the applied herbicides.
Effect of Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) Herb and Ascorbic Acid Along with Different Bedding Materials on Japanese Quail’s Sexual Maturity During the Laying Season
Authors: Poonia Narender Kumar , Kumar Vijay , Choudhary Garima
Published: July 2023

It is investigated in this study whether giloy and ascorbic acid supplementation and different bedding materials (sand, saw dust and wheat straw) influence the age at sexual maturity and weight at sexual maturity of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica).A total of 432 Japanese quails (7 day old) were divided into three groups based on bedding material and each group further divided into four groups based on supplementation (control, giloy, ascorbic acid and combination of both). As a result, the birds were randomly distributed in 12 treatment groups, each consisting of 36 birds, and each group was further divided into two replicates, each consisting of 18 birds. The quails were fed a basal diet supplemented with 5 g/kg giloy, 240 mg of ascorbic acid, or a combination of 5 g/kg giloy and 240 mg of ascorbic acid. It was found that incorporating supplements and bedding material significantly affected the age and weight of Japanese quail at sexual maturity (P <0.01). The interaction impact of bedding material and supplementation was not significant during the trial. Sawdust had a numerically lower sexual maturity age than other bedding materials. Sand bedding material had the highest weight at sexual maturity. Using dietary supplements of giloy and ascorbic acid significantly reduced the sexual maturity age and increased the weight at sexual maturity.