bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relationship with physical and cognitive status in older adults: Results of the Crystal and the Eucalyptus studies
Authors: Turusheva Anna V.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence worsens the psychological state of older adults, increases the risk of developing anxiety, depression, falls-related injuries, leads to a decrease in the quality of life, and a decrease in the level of physical activity in old age.
AIM: To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence according to the data of the Crystal and Eucalyptus studies, to identify factors associated with the development of urinary incontinence, as well as factors that reduce the risk of urinary incontinence in old age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A random sample of 1007 people aged 65 and older. The main parameters: urinary incontinence, frailty, nutritional status, anemia, CRP, functional status, depression, dementia, chronic diseases, grip strength, level of physical functioning, falls. The observation time is 2.5 years.
RESULTS: According to the Eucalyptus study, urinary incontinence syndrome was detected in 48.0%, in the Crystal study in 41.2%. In 62.4% cases urinary incontinence was diagnosed for the first time. Urinary incontinence was associated with a higher prevalence of COPD, history of stroke, sensory deficits, frailty and other geriatric syndromes. Improved nutrition and increased protein intake led to the disappearance of urinary incontinence complaints in 47.7% of cases. The disappearance of complaints of urinary incontinence was associated with an improvement in the emotional status. A decline in cognitive function has been associated with an increased risk of urinary incontinence in old age.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high prevalence of urinary incontinence, it often remains undiagnosed. The correct wording of the question in the conversation with the patient allows to identify 30% more cases of urinary incontinence. Given the high prevalence of urinary incontinence among patients with COPD, stroke, sensory deficits, frailty and other geriatric syndromes, all patients in these groups should be purposefully asked about the presence of symptoms of urinary incontinence. Improved nutrition and increased protein intake are associated with the disappearance of urinary incontinence complaints.
Let's predict
Authors: Orlova Sofya
Published: July 2021

An article about the fact that everything in the world is not accidental, events are related and differ in pattern. In the 21st century global processes permeate all spheres of society and brings into our lives systematic. Bring and negative aspects, which are responsible for the imposition of a conditional unity. Often the General is only the script. Whom it is beneficial and how are they created? How to stay on the leading positions in the country, as to be first among the first, and what strategic mistakes inherent to most governments.
Floristic regions of the Samur-Chirakhchay interfluve and Dzhufudag (Southern Dagestan) according to analysis of petrophyte species composition
Authors: Yusufov G. A. , Teymurov A. A. , Soltanmuradova Z. I. , Saypulaeva B. N. , Bortsov K. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To undertake floristic zoning of the Samur-Chirakhchay interfluve and Dzhufudag for the analysis of the species composition of petrophylic complexes.

Material and Methods. A list of obligate petrophytes was compiled based on the results of processing the authors' own field collections and taking into account information from floristic reports and determinations. The assessment of similarity of species composition of petrophytes in the regions was carried out using the Jaccard (Kj) and S0rensen-Czekanowski (Ksc) coefficients.

Results. A subdivision of the mountain area studied into 7 floristic regions was carried out, based on a comparison of floristic lists and the presence of endemic species.

Conclusion. The tendency in petrophytes to isolation of species forms, arising from spatial isolation relating to habitat specificity, makes it possible to quite accurately draw boundaries corresponding to the natural boundaries of differentiation of floras.
Antarctophthirus nevelskoyi n.sp. (Anoplura: Echinophthiriidae) - a new species of parasite of the Northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus L., 1758) at Tyuleniy Island, Okhotsk Sea, Russia
Authors: Shchelkanov M. Yu. , Shchelkanov E. M. , Moskvina T. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim.To perform a morphological study of seal lice (Anoplura: Echinophthiriidae) of the genus Antarctophthirus Enderlein, 1906 taken from Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus L., 1758) at Tyuleniy Island, Okhotsk Sea, Russia).

Material and Methods. Seal lice were collected from the nasal passages of Northern fur seal C. ursinus pups during a scheduled ecological and virological expedition to Tyuleniy Island in August 2017. Fourteen samples of seal lice (11 imago males, 1 imago female, 1 nymph of the 2nd age, 1 nymph of the 3-rd age) were stored in 70% ethanol at room temperature from the time of collection until the start of the study. Morphological features of the insects were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy and compared with the available data in the scientific literature.

Results.Unique patterns of the arrangement of spines were found in the examined samples that is a sufficient species feature for representatives of this family and allows the identification of a new species of seal lice.

Conclusion.A new species of seal lice, Antarctophthirus nevelskoyi n.sp., was identified and described and named after the famous Russian explorer of the Far East, Admiral Gennady Ivanovich Nevelskoy (18131876).
Polymorphism of genes CAST, GH, GDF9 of sheep of the Dagestan mountain breed
Authors: Ozdemirov A. A. , Chizhova L. N. , Khozhokov A. A. , Surzhikova E. S. , Dogeev G. D. , Abdulmagomedov S. Sh.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To study the polymorphism of the genes calpastatin (CAST), somatotropin (GH) and differential growth factor (GDF9) of sheep of the Dagestan mountain breed.

Material and Methods. Studies on the genetic typing of Dagestan mountain sheep according to CAST, GH and GDF9 genes were carried out in conditions of distant pasture farming in the Republic of Dagestan by the Genetics and Breeding Laboratory of the Federal Agrarian Scientific Centre of the Republic of Dagestan, an accredited laboratory of immunogenetics and DNA technologies of the All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding and a branch of the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Agrarian Centre. These investigations were undertaken by the PCR-RFLP method (polymyrase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism) on a Tersik four-channel programmable thermal cycler from DNA-Technologia (Russia) using specific primers synthesized in the SYNTHOL research and production laboratory (Moscow).

Results. Carrying out PCR-RFLP revealed breed-specific alleles with different frequency of occurrence, which was: in the locus of the CAST gene - allele CASTN - 0.03; allele CASTM - 0.97; at the GH gene locus - GHA allele - 100.0, GHB allele - 0; in the locus of the GDF9 gene - the GDF9A allele - 0.25, the GDF9G allele - 0.75, which determined the frequency of occurrence of the homo- and heterozygous genotypes: CASTNN, CASTMM and CASTNM - 93.0; 0 and 7.0%; GHAA, GHBB and GHAB - 100.0 and 0%; GDF9AA, GDF9GG and GDF9АG- 16.0, 66.0 and 19.0%, respectively.

Conclusion. The regularity revealed can be considered as an ecological factor that optimizes the adaptive functions of the sheep's organism, on the one hand, an evolutionary selection process that contributes to the creation of a specific way of genetic structures in the population, on the other. The assumption is made that the information obtained can serve as the beginning of a more in-depth study of the unique gene pool of sheep of the Dagestan rock breed for its further improvement. Variants of genetic marker profiles of parental pairs are proposed for accumulation in breeding herds bred in different ecological-geographical zones and genotypes of carriers of selection-significant genetic structures.
Interrelation of climatic factors of soil formation with the formation of chemical and physical-chemical properties of soil cover in agricultural landscapes of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia
Authors: Chuyan O. G. , Karaulova L. N.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To assess the interrelations of chemical and physical-chemical parameters of soil cover properties with climatic factors of soil formation in agricultural landscapes of the Central Chernozem Region (CCR) of Russia.

Materials and Methods. The research was carried out using a systemic analysis of the complex of agroclimatic and soil parameters. Soil properties were assessed by the weighted average characteristics of arable soils for the areas of the Central Chernozem Region. Hydrothermal conditions were taken into account by rainfall, temperature and the amount of active temperatures for the period 1960-2000.

Results. Estimated excess of annual precipitation (440-640 mm) over evaporation (407-500 mm) in the average annual cycle ensures the formation of total runoff and soil washability in the amount of 40-150 and 17-104 mm. This determines soil acidity (pHKCL, R2 = 0.36...0.73). Optimal conditions of humus accumulation are formed when the humidity factor is 0.8-0.9. Mesorelief is a factor of spatial heterogeneity of the total soil composition with which 85% of physical-chemical properties and up to 70% of nutrient availability are associated.

Conclusion. The differences in the hydration of the territories both at the scale of the CCR and local levels determine the intensity of geochemical runoff, the oxidation-reduction regime and total chemical soil composition which constitute the basis of heterogeneity in the content of organic matter, acidic-base and other properties.
Evaluation of the trophic level and self-cleaning ability of small flows by hydrochemical indicators (through the example of the Rpen River)
Authors: Trifonova T. A. , Chesnokova S. M. , Savelev O. V.
Published: July 2021

Aim. Assessment by nitrification index values of the level of trophicity and toxicity for aquatic organisms in the waters of a small watercourse in an urbanized area by the content of nutrients in the water and its selfcleaning ability.

Materials and Methods. The concentration of compounds of nutrients in the waters of the river was determined using the "Kapel 104T." system of capillary electrophoresis. Water was sampled for analysis according to GOST R 51592- 2000. The water content of readily oxidized organic compounds was assessed by the magnitude of permanganate oxidizability (PND F 14.1; 2.4.154-99) and difficultly oxidized compounds by the magnitude of the chemical oxygen consumption (RD 52.24.421-2012). Assessment of the water trophic level was evaluated by measuring the content of various forms of mineral nitrogen and mineral phosphorus. The aggregation index characterizing the toxicity of various forms of mineral nitrogen to aquatic organisms was calculated by their ratio to MPC for fishery reservoirs. The nitrifying ability of river waters was estimated by the value of the nitrification index (Initr.), calculated by the ratio of the concentration of nitrogen of nitrates in water to the sum of the concentrations of various forms of mineral nitrogen and the self-cleaning ability by the values of the nitrification index.

Results. In terms of the aggregation index, water at all sampling points was found to be toxic. The river ecosystem is characterized by a weak ability to cleanse itself and a weak nitrifying ability, which is associated with the influence of numerous cyanotoxins on the microbiocenosis of the watercourse and filtration organisms.

Conclusion. It was shown that the most sensitive indicator of trophicity of river waters is the concentration of the mineral phosphorus. Through measuring the ratio of the concentrations of mineral nitrogen to mineral phosphorus, it was established that blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), producers of cyanotoxins, dominate in the phytoplankton of the river in all the points studied.
Contemporary ecological state of waters of the Caspian Sea during development of oil and gas deposits
Authors: Sokolskiy A. F. , Kanbetov A. Sh. , Popov N. N. , Mutashev B. A. , Rabazanov N. I.
Published: July 2021

Aim. This study was an attempt by the authors to identify the impact of oil production in the Caspian Sea on the quality of waters surrounding oil and gas-production platforms.

Material and Methods. In 2018, by order of the Committee for Forestry and Wildlife of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazekoproekt carried out comprehensive marine research to assess the state of biological resources in the eastern part of the Caspian Sea. All studies were carried out according to standard methods accepted in international practice. Samples were collected in summer (July-August) 2018 and autumn (September) 2018.

Results. An analysis of the materials of environmental studies carried out in the water area of the eastern part of the Caspian Sea in 2018 established the absence of biogenic concentrations in sea water in excess of the standard indicators. It was found that in the waters surrounding several stations in summer and autumn, concentrations of oil products were exceeded. The concentrations of pesticides in the waters of the northern Caspian Sea recorded in 2018 were not detected.

Conclusion. It was found that in the eastern part of the Caspian Sea in 2018 there was no concentration of biogenic elements in sea water above the standard indicators. Of the heavy metals, an excess of maximum permissible concentrations was found only at one station - of copper in the summer over 159 sq. m and in the autumn over 121 sq. m. Of particular concern is the fact that at several stations in summer and autumn excessive concentrations of petroleum products were recorded. The concentrations of pesticides in the waters of the northern Caspian Sea recorded in 2018 were not detected.
Benefits and Risks of Aquaculture Foods in Primary Health Care: A Mini-Review
Authors: Tiamiyu A.M. , Adesina I.A.
Published: July 2021

Primary Health Care (PHC) is expected to serve as a basis for the country's health sector, of which it is the primary responsibility and priority, as well as the community's overall collective and economic prosperity. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition are among eight elements of PHC. Protein deficiency is one of the most important health concerns in some parts of the world. A huge numbers of malnourished or hungry people have been reported particularly in the less developed countries. Advantages of aquaculture in nutrition are varied. However, there are some zoonotic microbial illnesses occurred due to consumption of infected seafood. Some of these challenges will be cor- rected by good aquaculture practices. With the right reforms in the aquaculture industry, progress can be made toward solving some of the challenges facing PHC delivery. In this mini-review, the benefits and risks of aquaculture foods in PHC are briefly discussed.
Occurrence of Intestinal Parasites in Fruits and Vegetables from Markets of Northwest Mexico
Authors: Morales-Figueroa G.G. , Sánchez-Guerrero M.A. , Castro-García M. , Esparza-Romero J. , López-Mata M.A. , Quihui-Cota L.
Published: July 2021

Background: Fruits and vegetables are potential vehicle of transmission of intestinal parasites. The main aim of this study was to determine prevalence of intestinal parasitic contamination in fruits and vegetables sampled from Caborca region, Northwest Mexico.

Methods: A total of 400 fruit and vegetable samples were collected from unregulated open-air markets and closed (i.e., regulated) markets in Caborca region of Northwest Mexico; including melon, peach, asparagus, and grapes. Faust, Kinyoun, and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques were used to detect and identify the genus and species of all parasites found in the examined samples. Data were statistically analyzed using STATA/SE (version 12.0).

Results: An overall prevalence (45%) of parasitic contamination was found in the 400 fruit and vegetable samples. Endolimax nana (27.5%) and Entamoeba coli (17.5%) were the most common nonpathogenic parasites, while the most prevalent parasitic pathogens were Cryptosporidium spp. (11.7%), Cyclospora spp., (11.0%), and Blastocystis hominis (9.2%). Asparagus (31%) and grapes (38.9%) had significantly (p<0.05) higher percent- ages of overall and multiple parasitic contamination than melon (10.6%) and peaches (19.4%). The fresh produce from the open-air markets had significantly (p<0.05) higher overall parasitic contamination (53.5%) than those of the closed establishments (36.5%).

Conclusion: The parasitic contamination in the fresh produce sold in the Northwest region of Mexico is a serious public health concern.
Detection of Aflatoxins in Peanut Oils Marketed in Peshawar, Pakistan Using Thin Layer Chromatography
Authors: Hussain A. , Rahman Z. , Khan M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Aflatoxins (AFs) are natural toxins produced by fungus belonging to genus Aspergillus. These toxins are the secondary metabolites, which may cause teratogenic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects due to contamination of food. Peanut is an economi- cally important crop, grown in many parts of the world. The main aim of this survey was to detect AFs in peanut oils marketed in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Methods: During September 2020 to February 2021, a total of 60 peanut oil samples were obtained from retail stores and markets; 20-each from three different areas of Pesh- awar (University, City, and Cantt), Pakistan. AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 were deter- mined using Thin Layer Chromatography. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21.0.

Results: Prevalence rates of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 in peanut oils were 70, 51.7, 3.3, and 0%, respectively. The mean of total AFs was 8.59 μg/kg ranged from 0.12 to 55 μg/kg. Totally, 5% (3 out of 60) of the samples were found contaminated with AFB1 above the permissible limits (20 μg/kg) according to national regulation. There was significant difference (p<0.05) between AF levels in the samples from different three areas of Peshawar.

Conclusion: Although, the majority of samples of peanut oils in Peshawar (Pakistan) were safe for consumption, monitoring of AFs must be carried out on a regular basis in the case of peanut oil consumed in this region. This study suggested that farmers, food processors, and local processors should be aware of acceptable hygiene practices for the cultivation, protection, transportation, processing, and handling of peanut oil.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS AS A CAUSE OF CONFLICTS IN INCLUSIVE GROUPS
Authors: Vasylenko Olena Mykolayivna
Published: July 2021

The article examines the causes of conflicts in inclusive student groups and means of their prevention. It has been found that the success of inclusive education in higher education institutions mainly depends on interpersonal relationships in inclusive student groups. This is due to the fact that communicating with each other, students with special educational needs acquire skills of social interaction, widen the range of their social roles, learn more about their own personality. However, the peculiarities of moral attitudes, values, behavior, features of the emotional and volitional sphere development, cognitive processes of students with special educational needs lead to conflict situations in inclusive student groups. To determine the causes of conflicts in inclusive student groups, a diagnostic study was conducted among the full-time and part-time students with special educational needs of Khmelnytsky National University. The results of the diagnosis showed that main causes of conflicts in inclusive student groups are the following socio-psychological characteristics of students with special educational needs: low level of self-esteem due to which they get painful experiences because of critical remarks addressed to them, try to adapt to other people's opinions, have low motivation for achievement, feel lonely and anxious; low ability to establish new contacts for communication, low level of sociability; the desire to avoid conflict or to get out of it with dignity accepting the opinions and interests of others without seeking compromise solutions. Taking this into consideration, we have developed and substantiated conflict prevention tools for inclusive student groups that can help students with special educational needs to interact effectively with other students while studying at higher education institution.
Motivative Factors of Professional Self-Realization of the Person
Authors:   National University «Odessa Law Academy», Bedan Viktoriia , Brynza Iryna ,   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, Budiianskyi Mykola ,   Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Vasylenko Iryna ,   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, Vodolazska Olha ,   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky, Ulianova Tetiana ,   South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky
Published: July 2021

Neuropsychologists pay much attention to career guidance for young people who are faced with the challenge of choosing the profession. Numerous studies on motivation and professional determination prove the need to identify individual features of the brain organization of mental functions in the context of psychological support for the educational process at school and career guidance. Neuropsychological research indicates the links between the predominant activity of a certain hemisphere of the brain and professional realization in certain areas. The empirical study was conducted using reliable and valid psycho-diagnostic techniques (“Questionnaire of professional self-realization” by O. M. Kokun (2014; 2016); the “Motivational profile” technique by S. Richie, & P. Martin (2004); correlation analysis). At the stage of qualitative analysis, two groups of subjects with different levels of professional self-realization were identified (using the «ace» method). A visual analysis of the motivational factors profile structure in groups with high and low levels of professional self-realisation demonstrated differences in the graphs configuration and their location, and also provided an opportunity to characterize the psychological motivation characteristics of representatives of each of the groups. Against the general background of communicative self-sufficiency, adaptability and self-confidence, in a group of persons with a high level of professional self-realisation, the dominant motives are constant improvement, recognition by others. Representatives of a group with a low level of the studied phenomenon are interested in the motives of good working conditions and high wages. It has been proved that persons with different levels of professional self-realization differ in the specificity of the dominance of motives.
Schadenfreude and General Anti-Social Behaviours: The Role of Violent Content Preferences and Life Satisfaction
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Demeter Edgar , Rad Dana ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Balas Evelina ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania
Published: July 2021

In a digitally developed civilization access to different kinds of content and information can be easily acquired. From all the available content, some individuals chose and prefer to consume aggressive or violent content. In this light, the scope of this investigation is to determine the connection between the level of Violent Content Preferences (VC) and the levels of General Antisocial Behaviour (AS) and Schadenfreude (SCH) and the relationship between the intensity of life satisfaction (LS) and the intensity of Violent Content Preferences (VC), General Antisocial Behaviour (AS) and Schadenfreude (SCH). The present investigation is part of a chain of studies with reference to violent behaviours and cognitions. In this study, a number of 81 students (M = 27.57 SD = 9.25) from Arad, Romania, Aurel Vlaicu University, were investigated. VC and SCH were measured with the explorative affirmations, AS scores were obtained with the help of the How I Think Questionnaire (HIT) and LS was calculated with the help of the Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). The obtained data ilustrates that VC is positively associated with AS an SCH, furthermore, AS is positively related with SCH, and LS was negatively associated with VC, AS and SCH. These outcomes point out the requirement to take into consideration the content we consume in regard to one’s satisfaction with life and can offer literature meaningful information in regards to the prevention or reduction of anti-social tendencies or cognitions.
The participatory behaviour and the students’ adaptability in the online environment during the pandemic
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Maier Roxana
Published: July 2021

Changing the relational environment from face-to-face to the online one led to new problems regarding the student classroom’s functionality, which led to the students’ difficulties in relation to the new situation and the adaptability process. In this new context brought by the pandemic, the relationship’s dynamic between student’s changes, as well as the one between students and teachers. The endeavour includes the analysis of a small group of students, who resorted to therapy throughout the lockdown, to remit the difficulties that emerged due to the teaching environment’s change from face-to-face to the online medium. The objectives’ focus highlighted the participatory behaviour’s optimization of the students in the new conditions, the enhancement of the students’ wellbeing’s, in order to optimally face the teaching process and finish the academic year.
Organizing of Independent Cognitive Activity of Teachers in the Context of Didactics and Neuroscience
Authors:   Municipal Institution «Zaporizhzhia Regional Institute of Continuing Pedagogical Education» of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Tonne Olena , Varetska Olena ,   Municipal Institution «Zaporizhzhia Regional Institute of Continuing Pedagogical Education» of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Khaustova Olena ,   Municipal Institution «Zaporizhzhia Regional Institute of Continuing Pedagogical Education» of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council, Tarasova Victoria ,   Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2021

The article substantiates that in the context of organizing the independent cognitive activity of teachers in the post-Soviet space, the process of improving their qualifications, which takes place on the basis of their free choice of forms of education, programs and educational institutions, is of particular importance. At the heart of this choice, decision-making on independent cognitive activity and emotional-motivational resource are not only external stimuli, but also neurophysiological and psychological mechanisms. The purpose of the study is a scientific substantiation of the necessary and sufficient psychological and pedagogical conditions and models of organization of independent cognitive activity of teachers of secondary schools in the process of competence development. The analysis of the experimental data showed a noticeable difference between samples B3 and B4 at the end of the experiment for each of the defined criteria, as well as for the general indicator of the organizing of independent cognitive activity. The results obtained during the pedagogical experiment proved that the organizing of independent cognitive activity of teachers on the basis of the author's model helped to increase the effectiveness of this activity. During the discussion, it was proved that an important component of a person's professional training for any activity, especially in educational, is the development of neurophysiological and psychological potential for subjective self-determination of self-learning, self-improvement, and in micro-development - for independent choice and decision-making in a situation of cognitive or activity-related uncertainty. Therefore, decision-making is a basic component of any constructive activity.
Alzheimer’s disease under the purview of Graph Theory Centric Genetic Networks
Authors:   Member, Board of Advisors, RNB Global University, Bikaner, Rajasthan - 334601, India, Venkatraman Yegnanarayanan , Krithicaa Narayanaa Y ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600116, India., Balas Valentina E. ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Faculty of Engineering, Balas Marius M. ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Faculty of Engineering
Published: July 2021

Notice that the synapsis of brain is a form of communication. As communication demands connectivity, it is not a surprise that "graph theory" is a fastest growing area of research in the life sciences. It attempts to explain the connections and communication between networks of neurons. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression in brain is due to a deposition and development of amyloid plaque and the loss of communication between nerve cells. Graph/network theory can provide incredible insights into the incorrect wiring leading to memory loss in a progressive manner. Network in AD is slanted towards investigating the intricate patterns of interconnections found in the pathogenesis of brain. Here, we see how the notions of graph/network theory can be prudently exploited to comprehend the Alzheimer’s disease. We begin with introducing concepts of graph/network theory as a model for specific genetic hubs of the brain regions and cellular signalling. We begin with a brief introduction of prevalence and causes of AD followed by outlining its genetic and signalling pathogenesis. We then present some of the network-applied outcome in assessing the disease-signalling interactions, signal transduction of protein-protein interaction, disturbed genetics and signalling pathways as compelling targets of pathogenesis of the disease.
The Evolution of Depressive Disorders in Children with History of Tuberculosis (Clinical Study in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania)
Authors:   Ph.D. student, Pediatric, Hospital of Pneumophysiology “Saint Spiridon” Galati, Galati, Romania, Mihailov Oana , Matei Loredana ,   Ph.D. student, Pediatric, Pediatric Hospital “Saint Ioan” Galati, Galati, Romania, Ciubara Alexandru Bogdan ,   Associate Professor, Dunarea de Jos University of Galatia, Galati, Romania, Dragostin Miruna ,   Ph.D. student, Pediatric, Pediatric Hospital “Saint Ioan” Galati, Galati, Romania, Mihailov Raul ,   Ph.D. student, Surgery, Emergency County Hospital “Sf. Ap. Andrei” Galati, Galati, Ciubara Anamaria ,   Ph.D., Hab. Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University "Dunarea de Jos" Head of Psychiatry Department, Senior Psychiatrist at ”Elisabeta Doamna” Hospital, Galati, Romania
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has transformed the world since the beginning of 2020 and has produced many changes in key aspects of healthcare delivery. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has been seen as the promoter of many dramatic changes, especially in the medical field, having a huge impact on health systems around the world. Both patients and healthcare professionals have been subjected to a new stress factor that has resonated strongly in everyday life. This leads to an increased risk of association of psychological disorders, especially for patients suffering from chronic diseases, as they have already had a history of psycho-vulnerability. Patients with known chronic pathologies therefore have several concerns about important issues in the future, therefore, they are associated with an increased risk of occurrence of psychological phenomena. The present research represents an observational study, with a prospective case-witness type, carried out over a period of 2 years, between 2019 and 2020. The patients included in this research are part of the databases of the Children’s Pneumology Department of “Sfântul Spiridon” Pneumoftiziology Hospital of Galati and in the TB (Tuberculosis) Clinics in Galati County, being patients diagnosed and treated in these departments. We aimed to study the association between the presence of tuberculosis and depressive disorders reported in children aged 7-18 years, during 2019 and 2020 and in addition, to expose the results of the psychological effects of the pandemic on these chronic patients. We finally hypothesized that depression, but also the symptoms associated with them, will have a significantly higher incidence among patients with tuberculosis during the Covid pandemic.
Assessment of Depression in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Baroiu Liliana , Dumea Elena , Năstase Florentina , Niculeț Elena , Fotea Silvia , Ciubara Alexandru Bogdan , Stefanopol Ioana Anca , Nechita Aurel , Anghel Lucreția , Ciubara Anamaria
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is probably the greatest natural disaster of our generation and the 21st century with a great impact on mental health. The present study aims to quantify, with the help of the Beck questionnaire, the degree of depression in a group of 109 patients with moderate forms of COVID-19, hospitalized in the Second Clinic of the Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases St. Cuv. Parascheva Galati during the period: 1.01-30.03.2021. Of these, 35 patients (32.11%) had varying degrees of depression, and had an age and body mass index statistically significantly higher than those without depression. These patients also had statistically significantly higher Charlson scores of cumulative comorbidities and required longer hospitalization than patients without depression. The severity of COVID-19 and the percentage of favorable prognosis did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups. Our study reveals a lower incidence of depression among patients with COVID-19 compared to existing studies in the literature. This can be explained by the fact that our study is conducted at the end of the first year of the pandemic when antiviral therapy schemes stabilized and population vaccination began. The high genetic variability of the virus, which can determine at any time the appearance of new strains with greater aggression, contagion or with mutations on the spike protein, maintains the need to keep non-specific preventive measures and the mental tension related to this pathology. Thus, intrapandemic psychiatric disorders remain a major public health problem and require strong government prevention and control measures.
Habits, Addiction and Unknowable
Authors:   Médecin des hôpitaux, Centre hospitalier universitaire Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France, Joussellin Charles
Published: July 2021

Habits like addictions are resulting from tensions between multiple living phenomenons, unknowables and unobjectivables ; inside of organs, consciousness, humain body, there are subjectif language and interhumain relation-sheeps. Being affraid about the possible drift of the game of neuroscientific images, those of algorithms and protocols, we prefere the possibilities emerging from an intersubjectivity, with care-giving target. Take care of somebody else represents, first of all, a meeting-point between two subjects and the quality of this meeting will considerably influence the technicity or the effects of some medecines. The technical healthcare proposed in addictions does not escape the influence of the healthcare relation-sheep and the support of hypnosis for a person called « addict » is a good way between other possibles propositions. In the practice of hypnosis, we prefer images founded by the person that we support ; in other words, a visualisation of their insight, in the middle of their intimate immensity : an ephemeral space rich in possibilities insight the subjectivity, wich remains unobjectivable. The person is not « thrown into the world » but opens a world of a hidden depth and greatness, singular, radicaly subjective, intimate, constructive. The « elsewhere » and the « once » are stronger than the « here » and « now ».
A Firefighter Saving Virtual Addictions
Authors: Pavlovici Bogdan
Published: July 2021

Virtual addiction is, like all addictions, first and foremost an attempt to find a SOLUTION by a patient, faced with a problem in their relationship to the world, to others or to themselves. This attempt at a solution, not being the best, becomes a PROBLEM in a second step.Very often, the solution can emerge from the problem if it is well identified, via systemic modelling (modelling of the relationship between the individual and the relational system that surrounds him). So, the questioning techniques specific to systemists and so-called “brief” therapists and hypnotic techniques (including HTSMA, EMDR) are an excellent means by which a therapist can help treat his patient.We see in the clinical illustration above that starting from the external screen to which the child is addicted and repatriating it inside oneself, and making it a "psychic working screen", will be able to quickly improve the symptoms.
Dynamics of Ethanolic Intoxications between the 15th of March 2020 to the 15th of March 2021 in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   PhD student, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, Galați, Romania, Terpan Mihai ,   Primary psychiatrist, 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatric Hospital Galați, Romania, Ciubara Anamaria ,   University Professor, Head of the Department of Psychiatry, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, Galați, Romania; Primary psychiatrist, 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatric Hospital Galați, Romania
Published: July 2021

In Romania, the consumption of alcoholic beverages has been and still is a cultural mechanism for socializing and reducing anxiety, regardless of age and gender. This paper evaluates the trends related to people diagnosed with acute intoxication (F10.0) and harmful use (F10.1) at the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatriy Hospital in Galati, during the pandemic, in the period between the 15th of March 2020 and the 15th of March 2021. We analysed the data base of discharges from the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatry Hospital from the 15th of March 2020 to the 15th of March 2021. ICD-10 (Classification of mental and behavioural disorders) was used for diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. We selected outpatients with the codes for acute intoxication (F10.0) and harmful use (F10.1) and excluded all patients with other psychiatric diagnoses. The data were statistically processed using: Microsoft Office-Excel, The jamovi project (2021) jamovi (Version 1.6) [Computer Software]. During the analysed period, there were 7614 discharges from the 'Elisabeta Doamna' Psychiatriy Hospital of which 1465 (20.08%) disorders were related to alcohol consumption. Disorders related to intoxication and alcohol use represent 13.14% (957 cases) of the total discharges and 65.46% of the total number of disorders related to alcohol. Disorders related to harmful use (F10.1) represent 30.31% (442 cases), and a percentage of 35.15% (515 cases) with disorders due to acute intoxication (F10.0) out of the total cases were related to alcohol consumption. From the view of the dispersion of the number of cases, there is a fluctuation in the tendency to follow the restrictions imposed by the authorities.
Mechanical aspects of wellbore stability in shales and coals
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Szpunar Tadeusz , Budak Paweł ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a simple model which can be used to calculate the following values: critical depth for which the well integrity is preserved in a shale or coal horizon with actual shale/coal mechanical parameters, actual mud density and reservoir parameters; minimum mud density at which stress concentration at the wellbore wall is below the allowable limit for a given rock’s mechanical parameters, formation pressure gradient, and overburden pressure gradient; mud density required for the preservation of shale/coal integrity at the wellbore wall at any depth, assuming that the strength parameters of shale or coal, formation pressure gradient, and overburden pressure gradient are constant. The appropriate equations were derived using the maximum principal strain hypothesis, which holds for brittle materials. It was also assumed that the radial pressure at the borehole wall is caused by the weight of overburden rocks. The author’s intention was to provide formulas which are as simple as possible and which can be easily used in practice. The final equations were based on the solution to the Lame problem, which was adopted to represent a vertical drilling well with a circular cross-section and filled with mud whose hydrostatic pressure is assumed to oppose the pore pressure. Included are effects of silt swelling pressure, overburden pressure, mud density and the mechanical properties of the rock – including the unconfined compressive strength and Poisson’s ratio. In the case of shale or silty coal layers, the swelling pressure increases the volume of the clay minerals in the pores by diffusion the mud filtrate, which reduces the pore volume and increases the pore pressure, and therefore impacts the calculations. Presented model allows for derivation of the Hubert–Willis formula for fracturing pressure or fracture pressure gradient, which are commonly used in the oil industry. The calculation results are presented using data from the domestic oil industry and data from one of the Polish coal mines.
Epilepsy and COVID-19: predictors of a positive outcome in patients with epilepsy (based on analysis of clinical cases)
Authors: Odintsova G. V. , Bannikova V. D.
Published: July 2021

Background. Many patients with neurological disorders have an increased risk of infection and the severe course of COVID-19. Studies on positive predictors of seizure outcomes with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease remain limited.

The objective is to study predictors for positive health outcomes after COVID infection in patients with epilepsy based on analysis of clinical observations.

Design and Methods. Study design - the work is a part of a prospective observational study of seizure dynamics after COVID infection in patients with epilepsy.

Results. The presented clinical observation demonstrates a positive health outcome after COVID infection in a young patient with the genetic generalized epilepsy with sustained clinical and electroencephalographic seizure remission on the next generation AED monotherapy (brivaracetam).

Conclusion. Predictors for positive health outcome after the 2019 novel coronavirus disease in patients with epilepsy include a young age, absence of somatic comorbidities, seizure remission, modern drug use with no interaction among AEDs and antibiotics and antivirals for the coronavirus disease treatment. Despite the encouraging data on the favourable course of epilepsy in cases of developing COVID-19, further research is needed to continue.
Diagnostic Indicators and Therapeutic Evaluation of Pregnancy Toxaemia in Goats
Authors: Vijayanand V. , Balagangatharathilagar M. , Gnanaraj P. Tensingh , Vairamuthu S.
Published: July 2021

Background: Periparturient mortality in goats have a great economic impact on the livelihood of marginal farmers. Pregnancy toxaemia, a metabolic disease in small ruminants occurs as a result of negative energy balance consequent to enhanced requirement for glucose by the developing fetuses in the last trimester (last 6 to 4 weeks) of gestation. The present study was aimed to identify diagnostic and prognostic indicators of pregnancy toxaemia. Methods: During the period October 2016 to September 2018, a total of 516 adult non descriptive does were brought to Veterinary University Peripheral Hospital, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai - 51, of which 264 (51.16%) were treated for medical conditions. Among the does treated for various medical conditions, 72 does were in their last six weeks of gestation carrying twins/triplets and presented with the history of off feed. They were subjected to determination of blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) level by means of a portable blood ketone and glucose monitoring system and qualitative urinalysis using urine dip stick. Does with BHBA level greater than 0.8 mmol/L and less than 1.6 mmol/L were classified as sub-clinical pregnancy toxaemic group (n=12) and BHBA level greater than 1.6 mmol/L were classified as clinical pregnancy toxaemic group (n=12) and subjected to therapy while the remaining 48 does had BHBA levels less than 0.8 mmol/L. The control animals were selected from adult Tellicherry does in the age group of 2 to 4 years maintained at Livestock Farm Complex (LFC), Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai - 600 051. Result: All the twelve does of sub-clinical pregnancy toxaemic group recovered completely with a cure rate of 100%, while in the clinical pregnancy toxaemic group the cure rate was only 33%. Reliable diagnostic indicators of pregnancy toxaemia include blood â-hyroxybutyric acid concentration (³ 0.8 mmol/L) and presence of ketone body, glucose and protein in urine, while hypergly­caemia in advanced pregnancy toxaemic does indicate fetal death.
Laporan Kasus: Gastritis Hemoragi pada Anjing Peranakan Pomeranian
Authors: Lestari Devi Latifah Puji , Batan I Wayan
Published: July 2021

Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejadian gastritis pada anjing peranakan pomeranian. Anjing berjenis kelamin jantan berumur tiga bulan dan memiliki bobot badan 2,5 kg. Berdasarkan anamnesis pemilik, anjing mengalami muntah selama tiga hari, anoreksia, dan kekurusan. Pemeriksaaan dilakukan mulai dari pemeriksaan klinis, laboratorium, dan radiografi. Hasil pemeriksaan saluran pencernaan menunjukkan adanya muntah darah dan kekurusan. Hasil hematologi menunjukkan anemia normositik hiperkromik. Gambaran radiografi menunjukkan adanya penebalan pada dinding lambung. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan, hewan didiagnosa mengalami gastritis. Terapi yang diberikan berupa terapi cairan NaCl secara intravena sebanyak 345 mL/hari, terapi dengan injeksi amoksisillin dengan dosis 15 mg/kg berat badan secara intramuskuler yang diberikan dua hari sekali selama tiga kali. Injeksi ranitidine HCl dengan dosis 1 mg/kg berat badan secara intravena yang diberikan dua kali sehari selama tiga hari, dan pemberian terapi supportif berupa pemberian multivitamin pada hari keempat. Anjing mengalami perbaikan kondisi pada hari ke empat pengobatan.
ZDRAVOTNÁ VÝCHOVA A STAROSTLIVOSŤ O ZDRAVIE VOJVODINSKÝCH SLOVÁKOV NA ROZHRANÍ 19. A 20. STOROČIA (na príklade ľudovej školy v Kysáči)
Authors: Uhlarik Jasna S
Published: July 2021

Verejná zdravotná starostlivosť sa v Uhorsku dostala do záujmovej sféry štátu a súčasne sa začala intenzívne rozvíjať v období osvietenstva. Jednou z najdôležitejších úloh štátu (na čele ktorého bola Mária Terézia v čase najintenzívnejšieho sťahovania Slovákov na Dolnú zem) bolo chrániť obyvateľstvo pred často sa šíriacimi nákazlivými chorobami. Školy boli inštitúcie, prostredníctvom ktorých sa najrýchlejšie mohli uskutočňovať tieto výchovno-vzdelávacie intencie osvietenských panovníkov a cez tlačené médiá, hlavne katechizmy o zdraví a školské učebnice, preniknúť medzi všetky (gramotné) vrstvy obyvateľstva. Cieľom tohto výskumu bolo zistiť úroveň zdravotnej výchovy a starostlivosti, ako i hygienické podmienky a zdravotné opatrenia v každodennom živote konkrétnej slovenskej dolnozemskej ľudovej školy v Kysáči na rozhraní 19. a 20. storočia prostredníctvom Zápisnice zasadnutí školskej stolice cirkvi evanj. a. v. Kysácskej od r. 1895. Skúmaním obsahovej náplne učebníc, ktoré sa používali v ľudovej škole v Kysáči bolo zistené, aké vedomosti z oblasti zdravovedy boli žiakom dostupné a tiež aj aké informácie o zdravotnej starostlivosti mohli sprostredkovať učitelia z dostupnej odbornej literatúry. Na doplnenie informácií sú použité školské zákony a zákonné zdravotné články a predpisy, učiteľské príručky, ako i pedagogické časopisy tej doby.