bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First record of Turnera ulmifolia L. (Turneraceae) as introduced in Brazil

Authors: ROCHA LAMARCK
Published: June 2020

The first record of Turnera ulmifolia (Turneraceae) for Brazil is presented here. The species occurs mainly in SE Mexico, Central America and Caribbean islands, with only one record from South America. It can be recognized by ovoid and foliaceous prophylls, with serrate margins and laciniate appendages and/or extrafloral nectaries, showy flowers with yellow petals, without basal spot. Taxonomic comments, a distribution map and photographs of the species are provided.
Cellaria (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the deep: new species from the southern Zealandian region
Authors: ACHILLEOS KATERINA , GORDON DENNIS P. , SMITH ABIGAIL M.
Published: June 2020

Collections from relatively deep waters around the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone have revealed new species in the cheilostome bryozoan genus Cellaria sensu lato. We describe here seven new species: C. calculosa n. sp., C. curiosa n. sp., C. gracillima n. sp., C. major n. sp., C. spatulifera n. sp., C. stenorhyncha n. sp. and C. macricula n. sp. previously misidentified as C. humilis Moyano, 1983. Four additional species (here called spp. 1, 2, 3, 4) are left in open nomenclature since not enough key taxonomic characteristics were observed to define them as new. Furthermore, some of the newly described species have combinations of taxonomic characters that overlap with those said to characterise Paracellaria and Euginoma. The New Zealand region holds the highest species diversity of Cellaria sensu lato in the world.
The genus Meleonoma Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Thailand
Authors: WANG SHUXIA , TAO ZHULIN
Published: June 2020

Two new species of the genus Meleonoma Meyrick, 1914 from Thailand are described: M. segregacantha sp. nov. and M. fornicalis sp. nov. A checklist and a key to all the seven species from Thailand are given. Images of adults and genitalia of the new species are provided.
A new species of the genus Foenatopus Smith (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea: Stephanidae) from India
Authors: GUPTA ANKITA , GAWAS SANDESH M.
Published: June 2020

Foenatopus achterbergi sp. n., a new species of the stephanid genus, is described and illustrated from Karnataka, India. The new species is compared with all the possible closely allied species from the Oriental region.
A review of the subgenus Delineatia Volynkin & Huang, 2019 of the genus Ammatho Walker, 1855, with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan and Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini)
Authors: VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , WU SHIPHER
Published: June 2020

The subgenus Delineatia Volynkin & Huang, 2019 of the genus Ammatho Walker, 1855 is reviewed. The subgenus is subdivided into the A. delineata and the A. sublucana species-groups. Two new species are described: Ammatho (Delineatia) tairadiata Wu & Volynkin, sp. n. from Taiwan and Ammatho (Delineatia) trangchim Volynkin &Wu, sp. n. from Central Vietnam. The synonymy of Hypocrita rhodina Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 with Ammatho (Delineatia) delineata (Walker, 1854) is revised. It is stated that the type locality of H. rhodina, Borneo is wrong and probably based on the incorrectly labeled type specimen. Adults and male and female genitalia of all species are illustrated.
Notogaster, a new genus of Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from New Zealand
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ-TRIANA JOSE L. , WARD DARREN F.
Published: June 2020

A new genus of Microgastrinae parasitoid wasp endemic to New Zealand, Notogaster gen. nov. Fernández-Triana and Ward, is described, with ten new species: Notogaster avilai sp. nov., N. charlesi sp. nov., N. macdonaldae sp. nov., N. martini sp. nov., N. poultonae sp. nov., N. sucklingi sp. nov., N. toddae sp. nov., N. walkeri sp. nov., N. withersae sp. nov. and N. wornerae sp. nov. Based on some features, Notogaster resembles the genus Pholetesor Mason, although morphological and molecular data reveal they are not closely related. Notogaster is found throughout New Zealand, although many species are predominantly in the South Island. Species have been collected from a range of habitats, elevations, and collecting techniques. No host information is currently available.
A new species of Gamasellodes Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from Brazil and a key to the world species of the genus
Authors: DE CASTRO MATHEUS C. , BARROS ÁVYLA R. A. , DE AZEVEDO EMILIANO B. , BRITTO ERIKA P. J. , CASTILHO RAPHAEL C. , DE MORAES GILBERTO J.
Published: June 2020

Gamasellodes lavafesii Castro, Azevedo & Castilho sp. nov. is described based on the morphology of adult females collected from litter and soil in a transition region between Cerrado and Amazon Rainforest of Mato Grosso state and in the Caatinga biome of Alagoas state, respectively in midwestern and northeastern Brazil. A key for the separation of females of the 26 recognisable world species of Gamasellodes is provided.
Two new species of the genus Symplanella Fennah (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Caliscelidae) from China
Authors: GONG NIAN , YANG LIN , CHEN XIANG-SHENG
Published: June 2020

Two new species of the genus Symplanella Fennah, 1987 are described and illustrated from China. These are S. fulva Gong & Chen, sp. nov. and S. nigricans Gong & Chen, sp. nov. The photographs and identification keys of the new species together with other known species of the genus Symplanella are provided.
Vital Media: The Affective and Temporal Dynamics of Young Cancer Patients’ Social Media Practices
Authors: Stage Carsten , Hvidtfeldt Karen , Klastrup Lisbeth
Published: June 2020

This article presents results from a research project investigating young cancer patients’ general use of social media and their lived experience of the choices and dilemmas involved in using social media in relation to moments of existential crisis. This article’s key finding—based on an extensive survey with 205 young cancer patients and 25 qualitative interviews—is that social media becomes increasingly important for young people after a cancer diagnosis and that these young people engage with social media as—what we will call— vital media. The analysis in this article focuses on affective and temporal media experiences in the empirical material collected and argues that three dimensions of “media vitality” are salient: (1) that young people engage with social media to actively produce vitality in terms of generating a sense of wellbeing or balance by sharing, seeking out, or avoiding particular types of cancer-related content; (2) that young people experience social media as a vital or “lively” technology that introduces unpredictable and sometimes unwanted material into their lives; and (3) that young people feel they are expected to perform or share vital approaches to illness on social media, such as positive or life-affirming—as opposed to negative or pessimistic—accounts of their illness. In this way, the concept of “vital media” addresses strategic, ecological, and cultural aspects of young cancer patients’ social media engagements.
Municipal waste incineration fly ashes: from a multi-element approach to market potential evaluation
Authors: Fabricius Anne-Lena , Renner Monika , Voss Marieke , Funk Michael , Perfoll Anton , Gehring Florian , Graf Roberta , Fromm Stephan , Duester Lars
Published: June 2020

Background

Fly ashes from municipal solid waste incineration contain significant amounts of (technology critical) elements. Processes to recover Cu or Zn are already in practice, but it still remains difficult to evaluate the full secondary resource potential of the ashes. One reason is the absence of a worldwide comparable analytical basis for detailed market analyses. To encounter this, (i) an advice on how to analyse 65 elements after microwave-assisted digestion by ICP-OES and ICP-MS is delivered, (ii) the heterogeneity (hours to annual cycle) is evaluated for a incineration plant, (iii) leaching efficiency with three different eluents and (iv) the market potential of the elements as commodities are evaluated.

Results and conclusions

Aqua regia digestion was found to be sufficient to evaluated the recovery potential; except for the mass constituents Al, Si, Sn, Ti and the trace components Cr, Hf, Nb, U and W, for which HF-containing digestions delivered better recoveries. On different time scales, ashes were very homogenous and HCl- as well as H2SO4-supported leaching delivered, satisfying results within an hour (exceptions are, e.g., Bi and Sb). By applying characterisation factors of the life cycle assessment impact category “Resource depletion—minerals and metals” supplemented by the list of critical raw materials of the EU: Ag, Bi, Cd, Ga, In and Sb are most interesting elements to be recovered in future activities.
Identification of novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarker candidates for dementia with Lewy bodies: a proteomic approach
Authors: van Steenoven Inger , Koel-Simmelink Marleen J. A. , Vergouw Leonie J. M. , Tijms Betty M. , Piersma Sander R. , Pham Thang V. , Bridel Claire , Ferri Gian-Luca , Cocco Cristina , Noli Barbara , Worley Paul F. , Xiao Mei-Fang , Xu Desheng , Oeckl Patrick , Otto Markus , van der Flier Wiesje M. , de Jong Frank Jan , Jimenez Connie R. , Lemstra Afina W. , Teunissen Charlotte E.
Published: June 2020

Background

Diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is challenging, largely due to a lack of diagnostic tools. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have been proven useful in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis. Here, we aimed to identify novel CSF biomarkers for DLB using a high-throughput proteomic approach.

Methods

We applied liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with label-free quantification to identify biomarker candidates to individual CSF samples from a well-characterized cohort comprising patients with DLB (n = 20) and controls (n = 20). Validation was performed using (1) the identical proteomic workflow in an independent cohort (n = 30), (2) proteomic data from patients with related neurodegenerative diseases (n = 149) and (3) orthogonal techniques in an extended cohort consisting of DLB patients and controls (n = 76). Additionally, we utilized random forest analysis to identify the subset of candidate markers that best distinguished DLB from all other groups.

Results

In total, we identified 1995 proteins. In the discovery cohort, 69 proteins were differentially expressed in DLB compared to controls (p < 0.05). Independent cohort replication confirmed VGF, SCG2, NPTX2, NPTXR, PDYN and PCSK1N as candidate biomarkers for DLB. The downregulation of the candidate biomarkers was somewhat more pronounced in DLB in comparison with related neurodegenerative diseases. Using random forest analysis, we identified a panel of VGF, SCG2 and PDYN to best differentiate between DLB and other clinical groups (accuracy: 0.82 (95%CI: 0.75–0.89)). Moreover, we confirmed the decrease of VGF and NPTX2 in DLB by ELISA and SRM methods. Low CSF levels of all biomarker candidates, except PCSK1N, were associated with more pronounced cognitive decline (0.37 < r < 0.56, all p < 0.01).

Conclusion

We identified and validated six novel CSF biomarkers for DLB. These biomarkers, particularly when used as a panel, show promise to improve diagnostic accuracy and strengthen the importance of synaptic dysfunction in the pathophysiology of DLB.
Effects of cashew gum and nanoparticles on cooled stallion semen
Authors: Loureiro Kahynna Cavalcante , Lima-Verde Isabel Bezerra , Johannisson Anders , Ntallaris Theodoros , Jager Alessandro , Štěpánek Petr , da Costa Mendonça Marcelo , Severino Patrícia , Morrell Jane M.
Published: June 2020

Background

Cryopreservation of stallion spermatozoa tends to cause plasma membrane damage due to the low ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids. Gums have been suggested as an alternative cryoprotectant to glycerol for stallion spermatozoa. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to verify whether the effect of addition of cashew gum (CG), or nanoparticles (NP) containing CG, to the extender before cooling on sperm quality in stallion semen. Ejaculates from 6 stallions were extended and split between six treatment groups (control, a-tocopherol [TOC], CG1, CG0.5, NP1 and NP0.5), stored in cryotubes at 4 °C.

Results

Aliquots were analysed by computer-assisted sperm motility analysis on the day of collection, and after 24 h and 48 h of cold storage. After 48 h, the total motility with NP1 (78.53 + 6.31%) was similar to control 85.79 + 6.31% at 0 h. The same pattern was observed for progressive motility. Membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometer was similar between control, TOC and G1 at all storage times. The DNA fragmentation in the control group increased at all time points, whereas chromatin integrity was maintained after 24 h in TOC and NP0.5 compared to 0 h. There was no increase in the proportion of live spermatozoa producing hydrogen peroxide, but there was a tendency for an increased proportion of spermatozoa in the live superoxide category in CG1 after 24 h cooled storage.

Conclusions

The addition of CG or CG-derived NP to extender for stallion semen was not harmful to the sperm cells.
Urbanisation, risk stratification and house infestation with a major vector of Chagas disease in an endemic municipality of the Argentine Chaco
Authors: Gaspe María Sol , Fernández María del Pilar , Cardinal Marta Victoria , Enriquez Gustavo Fabián , Rodríguez-Planes Lucía Inés , Macchiaverna Natalia Paula , Gürtler Ricardo Esteban
Published: June 2020

Background

The occurrence of the major vectors of Chagas disease has historically been linked to poor rural housing, but urban or peri-urban infestations are increasingly being reported. We evaluated a simple risk index to detect houses infested with Triatoma infestans and tested whether house infestation and vector abundance increased across the urban-to-rural gradient in Avia Terai, an endemic municipality of the Argentine Chaco; whether the association between infestation and selected ecological determinants varied across the gradient; and whether urban and peri-urban infestations were associated with population settlement history.

Methods

We conducted a screening survey of house infestation in 2296 urban, peri-urban and rural dwellings to identify high-risk houses based on a simple index, and then searched for triatomines in all high-risk houses and in a systematic sample of low-risk houses.

Results

The risk index had maximum sensitivity and negative predictive value, and low specificity. The combined number of infested houses in peri-urban and urban areas equalled that in rural areas. House infestation prevalence was 4.5%, 22.7% and 42.4% across the gradient, and paralleled the increasing trend in the frequency of domestic animals and peridomestic structures. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that house infestation was positively and significantly associated with the availability of poultry and bug refuges in walls, and was negatively associated with domestic insecticide use. Several pieces of evidence, including absence of spatial aggregation of house infestation, support that T. infestans has been a long-established occupant of urban, peri-urban and rural settings in Avia Terai.

Conclusions

An integrated vector management strategy targeting chicken coops and good husbandry practices may provide more cost-effective returns to insecticide-based vector elimination efforts.
Excretory/secretory products of Angiostrongylus cantonensis fifth-stage larvae induce endoplasmic reticulum stress via the Sonic hedgehog pathway in mouse astrocytes
Authors: Chen Kuang-Yao , Chen Yi-Ju , Cheng Chien-Ju , Jhan Kai-Yuan , Wang Lian-Chen
Published: June 2020

Background

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is an important food-borne zoonotic parasite. Humans are non-permissive hosts, and this parasite develops into fifth-stage larvae (L5) in the brain and subarachnoid cavity and then induces eosinophilic meningitis and eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Excretory/secretory products (ESPs) are valuable targets for the investigation of host-parasite interactions. These products contain a wide range of molecules for penetrating defensive barriers and avoiding the immune response of the host. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been found to be associated with a wide range of parasitic infections and inflammation. ER stress can increase cell survival via the activation of downstream signalling. However, the mechanisms of ER stress in A. cantonensis infection have not yet been clarified. This study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of ER stress in astrocytes after treatment with the ESPs of A. cantonensis L5.

Results

The results demonstrated that A. cantonensis infection activated astrocytes in the mouse hippocampus and induced the expression of ER stress-related molecules. Next, the data showed that the expression of ER stress-related molecules and the Ca2+ concentration were significantly increased in activated astrocytes after treatment with the ESPs of L5 of A. cantonensis. Ultimately, we found that ESPs induced GRP78 expression via the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling pathway.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that in astrocytes, the ESPs of A. cantonensis L5 induce ER stress and that the Shh signalling pathway plays an important role in this process.
Limited MOMP, ATM, and their roles in carcinogenesis and cancer treatment
Authors: Bao Xuhui , Liu Xinjian , Li Fang , Li Chuan-Yuan
Published: June 2020

Limited mitochondria outer membrane permeability (MOMP) is a novel biological process where mammalian cells initiate the intrinsic apoptosis pathway with increased mitochondrial permeability but survive. One of the major consequences of limited MOMP is apoptotic endonuclease-induced DNA double strand breaks. Recent studies indicate that these DNA double stand breaks and ensuing activation of DNA damage response factors such as ATM play important but previously underappreciated roles in carcinogenesis and tumor growth. Furthermore, novel non-canonical roles of DNA repair factors such as ATM in tumor growth and treatment are also emerging. In this review, we try to summarize recent findings on this newly revealed link between DNA double strand break repair and cell death pathways.
A joint optimization scheme of content caching and resource allocation for internet of vehicles in mobile edge computing
Authors: Zhang Mu , Wang Song , Gao Qing
Published: June 2020

In a high-speed free-flow scenario, a joint optimization scheme for content caching and resource allocation is proposed based on mobile edge computing in Internet of Vehicles. Vehicle trajectory prediction provides the basis for the realization of vehicle-cloud collaborative cache. By pre-caching the business data of requesting vehicles to edge cloud networks and oncoming vehicles, requesting vehicles can obtain data through V2V link and V2I link at the same time, which reduces the data acquisition delay. Therefore, this paper considers the situation where bandwidth of V2I and V2V link and the total amount of edge cloud caches are limited. Then, the bandwidth and cache joint allocation strategy to minimize the weighted average delay of data acquisition is studied. An edge cooperative cache algorithm based on deep deterministic policy gradient is further developed. Different from Q-learning and deep reinforcement learning algorithms, the proposed cache algorithm can be well applied to variable continuous bandwidth allocation action space. Besides, it effectively improves the convergence speed by using interactive iteration of value function and strategy function. Finally, the simulation results of vehicle driving path at the start and stop are obtained by analyzing real traffic data. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve better performance than several other newer cooperative cache schemes.
Laparoscopic partial splenectomy for splenic lymphangioma: a case report
Authors: Kimura Kotaro , Kurashima Yo , Tanaka Kimitaka , Nakanishi Yoshitsugu , Asano Toshimichi , Ebihara Yuma , Noji Takehiro , Murakami Soichi , Nakamura Toru , Tsuchikawa Takahiro , Okamura Keisuke , Shichinohe Toshiaki , Kanno-Okada Hiromi , Hirano Satoshi
Published: June 2020

Background

Lymphangioma is a benign malformation of the lymphatic system and is often found in the neck and axilla, the orbit, the mediastinum, etc. However, isolated splenic lymphangioma is a rare disease in young women, and its treatment is controversial. We report a case of laparoscopic partial splenectomy for isolated splenic lymphangioma in a young woman.

Case presentation

An 18-year-old woman with mild epigastralgia was admitted to a nearby hospital. Abdominal ultrasound detected a 6-cm mass confined to the upper pole of the spleen; thereafter, she was referred to our department for surgical treatment. Although a benign tumor, we decided to resect it because of her symptoms. To preserve part of the normal spleen, laparoscopic partial splenectomy was performed with a co-axial approach using four ports and a liver retractor in the lithotomy position. After dissection around the spleen hilum, we identified that the tumor was being fed from the splenic vessels of the upper pole and severed the branch. Postoperatively, the patient showed no complications and was discharged on postoperative day 8 without symptoms. Pathological examination revealed splenic lymphangioma, which is rare in young women. No recurrence was seen 1 year after surgery, and a computed tomography scan showed no problems with the remaining spleen.

Conclusions

In our experience of laparoscopic partial splenectomy for a young woman with an isolated splenic lymphangioma, we determined that laparoscopic partial splenectomy is a safe, effective, and valuable option for the treatment of benign splenic tumors.
Liver metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma treated by laparoscopic hepatectomy 43 years after resection of the primary tumor: a case report
Authors: Tsukagoshi Mariko , Harimoto Norifumi , Araki Kenichiro , Kubo Norio , Watanabe Akira , Igarashi Takamichi , Ishii Norihiro , Yajima Toshiki , Sano Takaaki , Shirabe Ken
Published: June 2020

Background

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally has a good prognosis, while liver metastasis from PTC is rare and difficult to diagnose.

Case presentation

A 67-year-old woman was diagnosed with PTC and underwent a left hemithyroidectomy 43 years ago. Two years ago, thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy was performed for a lung tumor, and pathology reports confirmed a metastatic lung tumor of PTC. The patient was followed up regularly with computed tomography, and a liver tumor measuring 16 mm was found in the lateral segment of the liver. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) was negative for liver tumor. However, FDG uptake was observed at the nodule outside the right lobe of the thyroid gland, suggesting metastasis to the right supraclavicular lymph node. Laparoscopic partial S2 hepatectomy was performed without complications. The final diagnosis was metastatic liver tumor from PTC, and the surgical margins were free of tumor. Postoperatively, the patient underwent complementary thyroidectomy and right supraclavicular lymph node dissection, followed by I-131 ablation. The final diagnosis was PTC of 7 mm and 4 mm and lymph node metastasis of 9 mm. The patient is currently doing well and has had no recurrence 1 year after surgery.

Conclusions

This case demonstrates that liver metastases from PTC may be found after long-term follow-up, and liver resection might be the most appropriate treatment.
Investigating gender-specific effects of familial risk for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders in the Swedish population
Authors: Martin Joanna , Ghirardi Laura , Chen Qi , Hartman Catharina A. , Rosenqvist Mina A. , Taylor Mark J. , Birgegård Andreas , Almqvist Catarina , Lichtenstein Paul , Larsson Henrik
Published: June 2020

Background

Many psychiatric disorders show gender differences in prevalence. Recent studies suggest that female patients diagnosed with anxiety and depression carry more genetic risks related to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with affected males.

Aims

In this register-based study, we aimed to test whether female patients who received clinical diagnoses of anxiety, depressive, bipolar and eating disorders are at higher familial risk for ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders, compared with diagnosed male patients.

Method

We analysed data from a record-linkage of several Swedish national registers, including 151 025 sibling pairs from 103 941 unique index individuals diagnosed with anxiety, depressive, bipolar or eating disorders, as well as data from 646 948 cousin pairs. We compared the likelihood of having a relative diagnosed with ADHD/neurodevelopmental disorders in index males and females.

Results

Female patients with anxiety disorders were more likely than affected males to have a brother with ADHD (odd ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% CI 1.05–1.22). Results for broader neurodevelopmental disorders were similar and were driven by ADHD diagnoses. Follow-up analyses revealed similar point estimates for several categories of anxiety disorders, with the strongest effect observed for agoraphobia (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.12–2.39). No significant associations were found in individuals with depressive, bipolar or eating disorders, or in cousins.

Conclusions

These results provide modest support for the possibility that familial/genetic risks for ADHD may show gender-specific phenotypic expression. Alternatively, there could be gender-specific biases in diagnoses of anxiety and ADHD. These factors could play a small role in the observed gender differences in prevalence of ADHD and anxiety.
Does ethnic density influence community participation in mass participation physical activity events? The case of parkrun in England
Authors: Smith Robert , Schneider Paul , Bullas Alice , Haake Steve , Quirk Helen , Cosulich Rami , Goyder Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Background: parkrun has been successful in encouraging people in England to participate in their weekly 5km running and walking events. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in parkrun participation across different communities in England: after controlling for travel distances, deprived communities have significantly lower participation rates.

Methods: This paper expands on previous findings by investigating disparities in parkrun participation by ethnic density. We combined geo-spatial data available through the Office for National Statistics with participation data provided by parkrun, and fitted multivariable Poisson regression models to study the effect of ethnic density on participation rates at the Lower layer Super Output Level.

Results: We find that areas with higher ethnic density have lower participation rates. This effect is independent of deprivation.

Conclusions: An opportunity exists for parkrun to engage with these communities and reduce potential barriers to participation.
A brief overview of recently published nursing and health articles
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: June 2020

Associate Professor at the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, provides a brief overview of recently published nursing and health articles
Pulmonary embolism in acute medicine: a case-based review incorporating latest guidelines in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Stevenson Alexander , Davis Sarah , Murch Nick
Published: June 2020

Pulmonary embolism remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK, particularly following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), where those infected have an increased prevalence of venous thromboembolic events. The pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients is thought to relate to a thromboinflammatory state within the pulmonary vasculature, triggered by the infection, but other risk factors such as reduced mobility, prolonged immobilisation and dehydration are likely to contribute. Several societies have released comprehensive guidelines emphasising the importance of risk stratification in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. They advocate the use of clinically validated risk scores in conjunction with biochemical and imaging results. Patients with mild disease can now be managed in the outpatient setting and with newly developed therapies, such as catheter-directed thrombolysis, becoming available in more centres, treatment options for those with more severe disease are also expanding. This article presents four theoretical but realistic cases, each diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism, but differing in levels of severity. These demonstrate how the guidelines can be applied in a clinical setting, with particular focus on risk stratification and management.
Coronavirus: CQC emergency support framework
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: June 2020

What support has the Care Quality Commission been providing during the coronavirus pandemic? Helena Frankova reports
Practices in the media spotlight
Authors: Birch Rachael
Published: June 2020

Rachel Birch offers some practical advice for practice managers on what to do if they are approached by journalists, or are concerned that their practice could receive media attention
Estudis i recerca sobre edició i hàbits lectors a Catalunya (2018-2019)
Authors: Villarroya Anna
Published: June 2020

La producció científica en l’àmbit de l’edició i hàbits lectors a Catalunya ha seguit l’evolució positiva dels anys anteriors. A més de les estadístiques anuals elaborades directament o encarregades per les administracions públiques i agents rellevants del sector, cal destacar la producció de grups i centres de recerca a Catalunya. És especialment destacable el nombre de tesis que s’han llegit al llarg de 2018 en les universitats catalanes i que tenen com a objectiu l’anàlisi del sector editorial o dels hàbits lectors, especialment dels col·lectius d’infants i adolescents. Cal fer de nou esment de la importància que tenen aquests estudis en la presa de decisions informades tant per part dels agents públics com privats.
Error analysis and compensation for a discrete dual rotating retarder Mueller matrix polarimeter
Authors: Chironi Emanuel , Iemmi Claudio
Published: June 2020

In this work, the error sources that affect a dual rotating retarder polarimeter working in a discrete rotation scheme are studied. Moreover, those errors not sufficiently analyzed in the literature are addressed in detail. To this end, the equations necessary for characterizing its components, performing its calibration, and carrying out measurements are deduced. We also discuss strategies to perform the experimental implementation, correct the existing errors, and estimate the margin of uncertainty associated with those errors that cannot be corrected. The study developed in this work allows us to generate a polarimeter with an error margin of 0.2%, almost an order of magnitude below recently reported values.
Nonlinear thermal coherent states
Authors: Javad Faghihi Mohammad , Haddad Mohammad , Mazaheri Zahra , Reza Baghshahi Hamid
Published: June 2020

Coherent states and their generalizations are normally appropriate candidates for describing radiation fields. Despite this, the effect of thermal noise on generalized coherent states has not been extensively studied. In fact, thermal effects are unavoidable at finite temperatures, and they should be taken into account to have a better agreement with experimental results. In this regard, we use the concept of thermal coherent states, which are indeed the standard coherent states including thermal effects. So, in this paper, by using a nonlinear coherent states approach, we generalize the thermal coherent states to their nonlinear counterparts. In other words, we find a natural link between the thermal coherent states and the nonlinear coherent states associated with nonlinear oscillator algebra. Afterwards, the nonclassicality features of the obtained states are numerically investigated to explore the roles of both nonlinearity and thermal noise in physical properties. The results show that the thermal effects lead to the transition from nonclassical states to classical ones. Moreover, it is seen that the operator-valued intensity-dependent function plays a leading role in controlling the depth as well as the domain of nonclassicality aspects.
Breves palavras sobre o Boletim da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra
Authors: Gonçalves Iuliana Filimon Barros
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo dá conta da atividade do Boletim da Biblioteca da Universidade de Coimbra que, 100 anos volvidos sobre a sua existência, muda de título para Boletim da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra. São apresentados sucintamente os seus Diretores ao longo do tempo, bem como a evolução das ideias que presidiram às opções editoriais e escolha dos conteúdos.
Uma Universidade que se renova
Authors: Da Fonseca Fernando Taveira
Published: June 2020

O percurso biográfico de D. Francisco de Lemos está intimamente ligado à Universidade num dos seus momentos cruciais. Tendo feito toda a sua formação académica em Coimbra, antes de 1772, ele irá desempenhar um papel principal na preparação e na implantação da reforma universitária que nesse ano se formaliza através dos novos Estatutos. A reforma assenta numa base institucional e económica que, em grande parte, permanece; mas opera uma revolução nos conteúdos e nos métodos de ensino. Tentaremos aqui, em síntese, traçar um quadro que englobe estas duas realidades que mutuamente se iluminam.
O edifício da Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra (1936-1956)
Authors: Da Costa João Pedro Cardoso Gomes
Published: June 2020

Este texto foi escrito como um contributo para a monografia Os Livros em sua ordem. Coimbra : Imprensa da Universidade, 2014, comemorativo dos 500 anos da Biblioteca da Universidade de Coimbra, e cobre o período relativo à construção do novo edifício da Biblioteca Geral. Como foi muito adaptado para aquela edição, republica-se aqui na sua versão original.
In or Out: A Biblioteca Casa da Saudade em New Bedford, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos da América do Norte
Authors: Carvalho Maria José Paiva Fernandes
Published: June 2020

O objetivo do nosso trabalho foi refletir sobre o papel da Biblioteca Casa da Saudade, única biblioteca pública americana de língua portuguesa ao serviço dos/as imigrantes portugueses/as, em New Bedford, Massachusetts, nos EUA. Os objetivos específicos foram: i) Investigar se a Casa se constituiu como um meio facilitador da INclusão social dos/as imigrantes portugueses/as seus/suas utilizadores/as, no espaço da imigração; ii) Analisar se a Casa se constituiu num reduto de afirmação cultural da comunidade de imigrantes portugueses/as. Centrando­‑nos na busca da informação sobre a Casa enquanto facilitadora da Inclusão, constatámos que esta se distanciou do papel da biblioteca convencional de mera guardadora de livros e, ao serviço da invisible majority, transformou­‑se num espaço para a INclusão social promovendo o conhecimento intercultural. Observámos a Casa na sua dimensão contra­‑hegemónica, de afirmação da cultura e língua portuguesas, deixando o caminho aberto para uma investigação mais aprofundada, aplicada à temática da biblioteca intercultural contra­‑hegemónica, desconstrutora da visão da biblioteca convencional como “contentor de livros” onde as dinâmicas comunitárias perecem. Concluímos que, a Casa constitui um bom exemplo de como as bibliotecas, sejam elas públicas, escolares ou académicas, podem ir mais além transformando­‑se em espaços de participação ativa para a INclusão social da diversidade linguística, social e cultural de utilizadores que acolhem.
História do livro e da leitura e a 'verdade' na História
Authors: Chartier Roger
Published: June 2020

Nesta entrevista, o historiador francês, Roger Chartier, nos apresenta reflexões acerca de duas das principais frentes de seu trabalho de pesquisa: um breve panorama da História da cultura escrita no Ocidente, a partir da relação entre as mudanças ocorridas na forma material do livro e as mudanças nas práticas de escrita e de leitura e o impacto da emergência das novas tecnologias digitais de produção escrita e editorial dos textos e de sua recepção; e suas reflexões quanto à especificidade da História, enquanto disciplina, e o valor de verdade de suas narrativas.
Língua(gens), mídia(s) e poder sob a ótica discursiva foucaultiana
Authors: Gregolin Maria do Rosário
Published: June 2020

Nesta entrevista, a pesquisadora e professora Maria do Rosário Gregolin discorre sobre as contribuições da Análise do Discurso foucaultiana para o ensino da língua e para a produção e circulação de textos na atualidade. A linguista nos lembra que a língua pode funcionar como um instrumento de poder, porque por ela tanto se pode oprimir quanto se emancipar. Ademais, discute a relevância das leituras foucaultianas para a constituição da Análise do Discurso (AD) no Brasil, perspectiva teórica que questionou tanto a tradição gramatical quanto a tradição de análise estrutural da língua, dominantes então no país, em um contexto histórico de declínio do governo repressivo da Ditadura Militar (1964-1985). Além dessa contextualização histórica da AD e da importância da obra foucaultiana, a linguista aborda em seus estudos diferentes dispositivos que atuam no controle de nossas práticas e na produção de nossas identidades. Entre eles, ela tem se dedicado às novas mídias digitais, seus usos e seus impactos na atualidade, responsáveis por uma maior produção e difusão de conteúdos adulterados, com a banalização das chamadas fake news, o que nos impõe o necessário debate sobre esses dispositivos discursivos e seu papel na construção da(s) verdade(s).
Modelamiento de nichos ecológicos de flora amenazada para escenarios de cambio climático en el departamento de Tacna - Perú
Authors: Navarro Guzmàn Marco Alberto , Jove Chipana Cesar Augusto , Ignacio Apaza Javier Máximo
Published: June 2020

A pesar de la numerosa información científica sobre cambio climático mundial, no existen estudios que demuestren los efectos sobre la biodiversidad a menor escala. Por ello, utilizando 19 variables bioclimáticas, cinco de radiación solar, altitud, software especializado (MaxEnt) y coordenadas geográficas de presencia de cinco especies de flora categorizada verificadas en campo se modelaron sus nichos ecológicos actuales y proyectados a los cuatro escenarios futuros de emisiones (2050 y 2070). Se demostró que el de Buddleja coriacea disminuirá en más del 80 % por las variaciones futuras de precipitación y temperatura consecuencia del cambio climático, mientras que Carica candicans, Haplorhus peruviana, Kageneckia lanceolata y Weberbauerella brongniartioides se mantendrán e incrementarán, deduciéndose que sus categorías de amenaza derivan principalmente por actividad antropogénica. Estos modelos mejoran significativamente la comprensión del funcionamiento ecosistémico, otorgando información útil para diseñar políticas y acciones de conservación que orienten la gestión territorial hacia la estrategia de adaptación basada en ecosistemas.
Biopolitical Paternalism and Its Maternal Supplements: Kinship Correlates of Community Mental Health Governance in China
Authors: Ma Zhiying
Published: June 2020

This article examines how the community mental health program run by the Chinese state conceptualizes, mobilizes, and molds the family. My fieldwork shows that, on the one hand, the program defines care biomedically and connects it to managing security risks in the population. The state fashions itself as paternal while displacing most responsibilities for patient care and management onto the supposedly authoritative families. On the other hand, caregivers—mostly women and the elderly—may resort to practices publicly denounced but privately enabled by the program, such as covert medication and home confinement. They do so not only to manage patients from a position of vulnerability and deprivation but also to compassionately engage with patients’ suffering and non-medical desires. These two entangled kinship correlates of state power, which I call “biopolitical paternalism” and its “maternal supplements,” prove critical for understanding the work of community governance in China and beyond.
The role of infectious pathogens in etiopathogenesis of degenerative intervertebral disc disease
Authors: Alexanyan M. M. , Aganesov A. G. , Pogosyan E. L. , Mrugova T. M. , Chukina M. A. , Ivanova A. G. , Gemdzhian E. G.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To analyze the presence of infectious pathogens in the intervertebral disc tissues as possible pathogenetic factor in the development of degenerative diseases of the spine.  

Material and Method. In 2017–2018, a prospective exploratory research was conducted, which included 64 patients with degenerative disease of the spine who met the following inclusion criteria: the presence of clinically and instrumentally proven hernias of the intervertebral discs in the lumbosacral spine, the absence of a history of surgical interventions on the spine, non-intake of antibacterial drugs for the  year before surgery, and Modic I and /or II type changes on MRI. All patients underwent interventions with sampling of intervertebral disc material; a total of 80 discs were examined. The obtained materials were subjected to microbiological and histopathological studies.

Results. Out of 64 patients, only 1 (1.6 %) revealed the presence of bacterial flora in the intervertebral disc tissue (Propionibacterium acnes strain). It can be assumed that the identified bacterial flora is the result of contamination. It is also possible that the infectious agent joined already during the development of degenerative disease of the spine. If the bacterial flora was a pathogenetic factor, then it can be assumed that the pathogenesis of the disease is polyetiological and includes the infectious process as a rare event.

Conclusions. Given the high interest of specialists in the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases, it seems appropriate to conduct further studies in this direction using various laboratory diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and specificity.
Is it possible to obtain consensus on the tactics of early rehabilitation period after lumbar microdisCectomy?
Authors: Tursynov N. I. , Grigolashvili M. A. , Sheveleva N. I. , Muratbekova Sh. S.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To analyze distinctions in multidisciplinary approaches with respect to the timing of patients returning to daily physical activity after uncomplicated lumbar microdisectomy and to the readiness of doctors of various specialties to work according consensus guidelines.

Material and Methods. A written questionnaire survey of 60 specialists (20 neurosurgeons, 28 neurologists and 12 rehabilitologists) involved in the management of patients during the first six months after uncomplicated lumbar microdisectomy was conducted. The questionnaire included 12 questions with several answer options on the timing of returning to daily physical activity, and on the need to provide patients with written recommendations on limitations in motion regimen, physical work, sexual activity, and bracing.

Results. Significant dissonance both between doctors of the same specialty and of different specialties was demonstrated in the tactics of postoperative management of patients regarding the recommended terms for returning to daily activity. All respondents found it useful to create unified written recommendations on the motion regime, 90 % of specialists are ready to use the proposed recommendations after some modification. There was a slight increase in the recommended timing for return to daily physical activity compared with the recommendations of doctors in other countries.

Conclusion. The demonstrated interdisciplinary differences in the treatment, rehabilitation and timing of physical activity restriction for patients after lumbar microdisectomy require unification of the tactics of postoperative management.
Arteriomesenteric compression of the duodenum as a complication of the surgical correction of typical idiopathic scoliosis: clinical case
Authors: Ryabykh S. O. , Scryabin E. G. , Chevzhik V. P. , Filatov E. Yu.
Published: June 2020

The presented rare clinical case of the development of arteriomesenteric compression of the duodenum is described with the aim of informing a wide audience of specialists (orthopedic trauma surgeons, vertebrologists, neurosurgeons, surgeons, neurologists and pediatricians)  about a rare complication of surgical correction of typical adolescent idiopathic scoliosis intestinal obstruction due to compression of the  lower horizontal part of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery. Publications answering two posed questions were analyzed: is  there a correlation between surgical correction of scoliosis and development of abdominal pathology in a patient in the immediate postoperative period, and should the instrumentation be completely or partially removed at the level of the thoracolumbar junction in the case of  formation of duodenal arteriomesenteric compression in a patient operated on the spine? Abdominal visceral complications are extremely rare and represented by a very few publications even in modern electronic databases of medical information, therefore we consider it important to bring a case from our practice to the attention of readers.
Transpedicular fixation for hematogenous pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis
Authors: Bazarov A. Yu.
Published: June 2020

Objective. To analyze the effectiveness of conservative treatment and extrafocal transpedicular fixation in patients with uncomplicated hematogenous pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO).

Material and Methods. Ninetyseven medical records of in-patients who were treated for hematogenous PVO in 2007–2017 were analyzed.  Among them, men accounted for 73.2 % (n = 71) and women – 26.8 % (n = 26). The acute and subacute forms of the disease were diagnosed in 62 (63.9 %) patients and chronic – in 35 (36.1 %). Type A according to Pola classification totaled 45 patients, type B – 49 and type C – 3.  Sixtyfour (66.0 %) patients were treated conservatively, 33 (34.0 %) – using transpedicular fixation and 25 (75.8 %) – using minimally invasive technique. No fixators were placed in the affected vertebrae. All patients underwent antibacterial therapy lasting 6–12 weeks.

Results. Good treatment results were obtained in 89 (91.8 %) patients. There were no differences in the severity of pain between the comparison groups before the start of treatment and after one year. However, the pain severity was significantly reduced (p = 0.001) over the time of treatment. Positive results of transpedicular fixation were obtained in 28 (84.8 %) cases, and after three repeated interventions – in 32 (94.1 %), and those of conservative treatment – in 61 (95.3 %) cases. The total number of relapses was 8 (8.2 %), of complications –  3 (3.1 %). The risk of relapse among operated drug addicts was significantly higher (p = 0.033). There were no deaths in the comparison groups, which is explained by the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. All discharged patients were followed-up on an outpatient basis for at least a year, and 72.2 % of them – from 1 year to 8 years.

Conclusion. Transpedicular fixation is indicated for uncomplicated hematogenous pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis, monosegmental lesions and in cases of demands on improved quality of life. The use of such a technique in drug addicts is not recommended.