bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Retaining Freedom Proflor vs. Lichtenstein Mesh Repair for the Reduction of Postoperative Pain in Inguinal Hernia: A 1-Year Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Rao Kannikanti Nageswara , Gogate A. S.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair (LMR), surgical procedure for inguinal hernia, associated with postoperative pain. The study was aimed to compare self-retaining Freedom ProFlor versus LMR for the reduction of postoperative pain in inguinal hernia.Methodology: A total of 60 patients with inguinal hernia undergoing mesh repair were randomized into two groups of 30 each: group A (Freedom ProFlor mesh repair) and group B (LMR). Demographic data and clinical findings of all the patients including duration of pain, lump size, cough impulse, and the position of hernia were noted. Recorded findings such as postoperative pain and operative time were subjected to statistical analysis.Results: Most (31) of the patients had a hernia on the right side. The operative time was significantly less in group A when compared to group B (P < 0.05). Significantly lower pain scores were observed in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). The mean postoperative pain was significantly lower in group A compared with group B during the fifth follow-up visit (0.2 ± 0.41 vs. 1.07 ± 1.28; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The Freedom ProFlor mesh repair was better than the LMR regarding postoperative pain. Moreover, the dose of the analgesic needed in the Freedom ProFlor mesh repair group was less and for a shorter time when compared to the LMR group. However, further long-term studies are required for documenting hernia recurrences.
Ontogenesis of Pelargonia sidoides (Geraniaceae) under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Gaidarzhy M. M. , Holubenko A. V. , Nuzhyna N. V. , Futorna O. A. , Senchylo O. O.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of the ontogenesis study and complements the morphological description of the valuable medicinal plant Pelargonium sidoides, which is included in the Red List of Plants of South Africa, from the collection of succulents of the O. V. Fomin Botanical Garden. Unlike some species of the Pelargonium genus, which are stem succulents, P. sidoides is a succulent with thickened roots. It has been established that the pregenerative period lasts about 10 months, while the longest is the juvenile stage, during which plants form a large leafy series and begin to form thickened roots. The seedling stage in P. sidoides is much shorter than in many stem succulents with non-succulent leaves. Plants are cross-pollinated, in the conditions of cultivation they form a peduncle longer than in nature, up to 90 cm in length. Flowers are open to 6 days and during this time they undergo three consecutive stages: the opening of the anthers, an asexual pause, readiness of the pistil to be pollinated. Pollen grains are typical for representatives of the Pelargonium genus, but smaller, compared to pollen representatives of other sections. Fruits ripen in a short period 17–25 days, depending on the air temperature. The mericarps of P. sidoides differ in shape, colour and size from the mericarps of representatives of other genera of the Geraniaceae family, but the morphological characteristics of the seeds within the family are similar. The germ is located on the abdominal side of the seed; it occupies almost half of its volume and has clear outlines. According to its morphological features, P. sidoides leaves, as in most other species of the genus, have both mesomorphic and xeromorphic features. Analysis of the data gives ground for characterizing these plants as meso-xerophytes. P. sidoides quickly enters the generative period in the conditions of greenhouse cultivation and has high reproductive capacity.
Morphobiological analysis of Trichuris vulpis (Nematoda, Trichuridae), obtained from domestic dogs
Authors: Yevstafieva V. А. , Kravchenko S. O. , Gutyj B. V. , Melnychuk V. V. , Kovalenko P. N. , Volovyk L. B.
Published: September 2019

The parasitic nematode Trichuris vulpis Frölich, 1789 is the pathogen of trichuriasis in domestic and wild carnivores, and humans. This helminth species is distributed world-wide in populations of domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). The prevalence of T. vulpis in dogs depends to a large degree on the morphofunctional and biological adaptations of the parasite which support its high survivability in various environmental conditions. The present study considers the species-specific peculiarities of morphology, and metric parameters of the mature and embryonic stages of Trichuris nematodes parasitizing in C. lupus familiaris. We studied the periods of stages of development and infectious egg formation, and their survivability under optimal conditions for T. vulpis in laboratory culture. The differential characteristics of both female and male adult T. vulpis nematodes include the metric characteristics of cuticular protrusions at the surface of the anterior body part. The male T. vulpis nematodes can be distinguished from males of other species by the specifics of spicule sheath ornamentation, the shape and size of spicule, and the width of spicule sheath at different sections. In identification of the female nematodes of this species, it is necessary to consider the presence and size of papillary processes in the vulval area and metric parameters of vulva location. Nine metric characters of sexual dimorphism are described for T. vulpis nematodes. In laboratory conditions, five embryonic stages were observed for T. vulpis: protoplast, blastomere cleavage, and formation of bean-like embryo, larva and mobile larva. These stages are characterized by specific morphological features. The egg develops to the infectious stage at 27 °С in 18 days of culture, and their survivability is up to 76.6%. The egg development is associated with changes in their metric characters, such as decreasing egg length and width of egg shell, and increasing egg width and egg plug width.
Physiological relationship between content of certain microelements in the tissues of different anatomic sections of the organism of honey bees exposed to citrates of argentum and cuprum
Authors: Kovalchuk I. , Dvylyuk I. , Lecyk Y. , Dvylyuk I. , Gutyj B.
Published: September 2019

The study was conducted on honey bees of the Carpathian breed on the basis of the apiary of S. Z. Gzhytskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. The bees were kept in 8-frame beehives with size of the frame of 435 × 300 mm. The study was undertaken in the summer-autumn period. A total of 5 groups of bee families were formed according to the analogue principle, with three families of bees in each group. Control (I) group received sugar syrup in 1 : 1 concentration (1000 mL/group/week). In the experimental (II) group, Ag was added to the syrup in amount of 0.5 mL/g of the sugar syrup; in III experimental group – in similar conditions Ag was added in 1 mg/L amount; IV group received sugar syrup with Cu in 0.5 mg/L amount; V experimental group – Cu in amount of 1 mg/L of sugar syrup. Microelements were added to sugar syrup in the form of citrates obtained using method of nanotechnology, developed by the company Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies in Kyiv. The period of monitoring lasted 28 days with 7 days interval of preparation. Inter-group and anatomic differences were found in content of certain mineral elements in the tissues of the head, thorax and abdominal sections of the honey bees in conditions of feeding with citrates of argentum and cuprum in sugar syrups. Under the influence of citrate of argentum in amount of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L of sugar syrup, content of ferrum increased in the tissues of the head and abdominal sections, though it decreased in the thorax, content of cuprum decreased in the tissues of head, thorax and abdomen, content of zinc increased in the tissues of head and thorax, though it decreased in the abdomen, content of lead and cadmium reduced in the tissues of all anatomic sections of the organism of honey bees. Under the influence of cuprum in amount of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L of sugar syrup, content of ferrum reduced in the tissues of the head, though it increased in the tissues of thorax and abdomen, content of cuprum increased, and the content of zinc, lead and cadmium reduced in the tissues of all anatomic sections of honey bees. According to the results of the study, the determining effect of feeding of honey bees on the optimization of the parameters of mineral metabolism in different anatomic sections of the organism of bees is discussed.
Biochemical parameters of blood in cows in latent course of leptospirosis
Authors: Holovakha V. I. , Slyusarenko A. O. , Petrenko O. S. , Suslova N. I.
Published: September 2019

Changes in the biochemical parameters of blood in cows in the latent course of leptospirosis have been studied by the results of the reaction of microagglutination (RMA). The dynamics of biochemical blood parameters is manifested by hyperproteinemia, dysproteinemia, hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis, hyperfermentemia, mineral metabolism disorders, in particular hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, indicating the development of hepatopathy which should be classified as hepatocholangitis. It was determined that the pathological process is manifested in all animals for the titer of antibodies to one or another Leptospira serovar. Significant changes from the side of the hepatobiliary system in infested cows for the antibody titer kabura equaling 1:100, polonica 1:200, ballum 1:100, szvajzak 1:100–1:200, bratislava 1:800 and in animals for the titers kabura of 1:100–1:200; polonium 1:100; szvajzak 1:100–1:200; ballum 1:100; bratislava 1:100–1:200. At leptospirosis caused by bratislava and ballum serovars, a disorder of the functional state of the hepatobiliary system, characterized by an increase in the level of total protein, bilirubin, AST, GGTP and ALP activity was diagnosed as the urea, calcium and phosphorus levels in blood decreased. In the case of the latent course of the disease caused by kabura, polonica, szvajzak, ballumand bratislava serovars, a probably higher concentration of bilirubin, activity of aminotransferases (AST and ALAT), GGTP and ALP was determined in comparison to clinically healthy animals. In cows, in the presence of antibody titers kabura 1:100, polonica 1:200, ballum 1:100, szvajzak 1:100–1:200; bratislava 1:800, in 22.2% of cases, we recorded increase in the total protein against the background of dysproteinemia in 50.0–88.9% of animals, and increase in bilirubin in 78.6%, and increase in the activity of blood serum enzymes (AST, ALAT, GGTP, ALP), and also hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia in 33.3–100.0%. The conducted studies indicate that in latent leptospirosis in cows, in addition to etiotropic therapy, one should include in the protocol the pharmacological correction preparations, which would contribute to the restoration of the functional state of the hepatobiliary system.
In vitro effects of platelet-derived factors of brain glioma patients on C6 glioma cells
Authors: Liubich L. D. , Lisyanyi N. I. , Malysheva T. A. , Staino L. P. , Egorova D. M. , Vaslovych V. V.
Published: September 2019

Platelets play an important part in the progression and pathological angiogenesis of brain glioma because of the different granules content and release of microvesicles that are the source of numerous mediators and bioactive substances, which probably provides a "strategy" for the tumour survival. The objective of study was exploring the effect of platelet-released secretion products of patients with brain glioma on the experimental model of tumour growth in vitro. For this purpose, the cells of glioma C6 were cultured for 72 hours under the addition of modified media containing platelet-released secretion products or conditioned media of peripheral blood cells of patients with glioma as well as persons of the comparison group without rough somatic pathology. In control glioma C6 cultures in standard conditions cell clusters were formed by the type of "spheroids", from which radial cell migration occurred, a tense cellular or reticular growth zone was formed, and tumour cells preserved their ability to mitotic division. Under the influence of platelet-released secretion products of patients with glioma, differently directed effects on cell mitotic activity and the number of cell clusters in glioma C6 cultures were detected depending on the degree of tumour malignancy: stimulating effect under the influence of platelet factors of patients with high-malignancy glioma (G4) and inhibitory effect – due to the influence of platelet factors of patients with differentiated glioma (G2). In contrast to the thrombocyte-released factors, the conditioned media of a common pool of peripheral blood cells of patients with G4 glioma suppressed the mitotic activity of tumour cells and did not affect the number of cell clusters. No changes in glioma C6 cultures were revealed after the influence of platelet-released secretion products of persons of the comparison group. The obtained data confirm the important role of platelets in the pathogenesis of brain glioma, pointing to the fundamental difference in the spectrum of biologically active molecules that are released by platelets of patients depending on the degree of tumour malignancy and are able to regulate the cell cycle and proliferative activity of the glioma tumour cells, which may have application as a diagnostic marker as well as predictive marker of response to antitumour therapy.
X-ray densitometric indices of proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular pelvic limb bones as criteria for age diagnosis of cattle in forensic veterinary expertise
Authors: Yatsenko I. V. , Tkachuk S. A. , Busol L. V. , Bondarevsky M. M. , Zabarna I. V. , Biben I. A.
Published: September 2019

Morphological parameters of biological material are extremely informative in diagnostic studies, in particular, to determine the species, sex, time of death, the term of burial. The most informative object for these tasks is the skeleton, because changes in the bones are stored for a long time, while soft tissue is subjected to rotting. Bone tissue is the most durable, but at the same time, it is very labile and reacts to all metabolic processes in the body. The object of the study was proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bone of the pelvic limb of cattle ranging in age from newborn to 12 years old. Radiography of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of the pelvic limb was performed on the Arman apparatus. The bones were subjected to X-ray in the lateromedial projection. The inner and outer sections of the tubular bone were determined. The mathematical modeling of the interaction of X-rays and the cortical layer of bones of fingers (proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular) of cattle was carried out in this work. It is established that this process is described by Bouger's law. The physico-mathematical model of proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones has been calculated, on the basis of which it was possible to calculate the X-ray densitometric indices of these bones of cattle. The age features of dynamics of X-ray densitometric indices of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones were established and a method of determining the age of cattle according to this criterion was proposed. A mathematical model for the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of the pelvic limbs of cattle that can be applied in X-ray densitometry uses: for the average third proximal phalanx – section of heterogeneous tubular structure modeled by a semicircle; for a medial phalanx bone – a section of a triangular shape; for the ungular bone – a heterogeneous structure, the plantar surface is inscribed in a rectangle. The process of interaction of X-rays with the bone structure of the examined pelvic limb bones can be described by Bouguer's law. The developed mathematical modeling of this interaction and the algorithm for its analysis is the basis for determining the age of cattle for X-ray densitometric indices of the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and ungular bones of pelvic limbs. By X-ray densitometry of the proximal phalanx and medial phalanx bones of the pelvic limbs extremities one can diagnose the age of bovine animals from birth to 5 years, but according to ungular bones – from birth to 10 years. X-ray densitometry of medial phalanx and ungular bones of pelvic limbs can be used for diagnosing bovine cattle in a complex with other morphological, chemical and physical methods of investigation.
Аrginase/NO-synthase system сharacteristics in blood lymphocytes under effect of fluoroquinolones
Authors: Кovalenko І. V. , Оnufrovych О. K. , Vorobets N. M. , Меlnyk О. V. , Vorobets Z. D.
Published: September 2019

Antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone series are highly effective synthetic drugs of a wide range of antimicrobial activity. They have a specific mechanism of action on bacterial cells to inhibit the DNA-gyrase enzyme of mostly gram-negative and the topoisomerase IV of gram-positive bacterial cells, which leads to a decrease in the activity of enzymes, disruption of DNA and RNA biosyntheses, and the impossibility of chromosome superspilarization, as a result of which its division is broken and the cell dies. Fluoroquinolones also have an immunomodulatory effect, which is very important in terms of the pathogenesis of many infectious and inflammatory diseases. We assume that fluoroquinolones also act on cells of the body of patients, in particular on such regulatory mechanisms as the arginase-NO-synthase system. In this regard, peripheral blood lymphocytes can be a convenient and adequate model for studying the mechanism of the effect of fluoroquinolones. It is shown that under the influence of various generations of fluoroquinolones, arginase activity increases, depending on the dose, in the following sequence: control → ciprofloxacin → levofloxacin → moxifloxacin. The highest activity is observed under the effects of moxifloxacin, belonging to generation IV. The increase in arginase activity in blood lymphocytes under the influence of fluoroquinolones occurs due to the growth of turnover number of the enzymes (Vmax increases), although the affinity of enzyme to the substrate decreases (KL-arg increases). At the same time, all fluoroquinolones reduce the activity of the constitutive isoforms of NO-synthase, depending on the dose. It has been established that a slight activity of iNOS of blood lymphocytes in practically healthy women was detected, almost on the verge of error. When studying the influence of fluoroquinolones on the activation of iNOS lymphocytes isolated from the blood of practically healthy women, we did not observe its activity, and the inhibitive effect could not be determined due to its low activity. Oxidative stress was used to induce iNOS activity in blood lymphocytes, with H2O2 lymphocytes preincubation. The preincubation of lymphocytes with 0.2 mM H2O2 leads to increase of iNOS activity by 31.30 times. By activation of iNOS with hydrogen peroxide, 10–5 M concentration of ciprofloxin leads to inhibition of enzyme activity by 1.22 times, levofloxacin by 1.45 and moxifloxacin by 2.34 times. The obtained kinetic parameters suggest that in the blood lymphocytes under the influence of fluoroquinolones, the synthesis of NO with the participation of cNOS is inhibited, and the hyperproduction of NO is inhibited by the activation of iNOS, which is characteristic for pathological conditions.
Influence of chromium citrate on oxidative stress in the tissues of muscle and kidney of rats with experimentally induced diabetes
Authors: Sushko О. О. , Iskra R. J. , Ponkalo L. I.
Published: September 2019

Chromium is one of the important trace elements that is essential for carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. Chromium improves glucose metabolism and reduces insulin resistance due to increased insulin sensitivity. Therefore, it is important to consider the use of chromium citrate as a nutritional supplement with potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. In this research work, we investigated the activity of the antioxidant system and the level of lipid hydroperoxides in the tissues of skeletal muscles and kidneys of experimental diabetic rats and for rats which received in their daily diet chromium citrate in the amounts 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL of water. We induced the experimental model of diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan in the amount 150 mg/kg of body weight of the animals. We monitored glucose levels by measuring daily glucose levels with a portable glucose meter. For research, we selected animals with a glucose level > 11.1 mmol/L. We monitored the body weight of rats. On the 40th day of the study, we withdrew the animals from the experiment by decapitation. We selected the tissue for research, namely skeletal muscles and kidneys. In samples of the tissue homogenates, we measured the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of lipid peroxide oxidation products. As a result of our research, we found that the products of lipid peroxide oxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity increased in skeletal muscle of animals with diabetes mellitus. The activity of glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the content of reduced glutathione decreased at the same time. In the kidneys of diabetic rats, the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and content of lipid hydroperoxides increased but the activity of superoxide dismutase and the content of reduced glutathione decreased. The addition of chromium citrate to the diet of animals in amounts 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL led to the suppression of oxidative stress. The activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the content of lipid hydroperoxides, TBA-positive substances decreased. Also, the activity of superoxide dismutase increased with the addition of chromium citrate. These results indicate normalization of antioxidant defense in the skeletal muscle and kidneys of experimental rats with experimental diabetes given chromium citrate in the amount 0.1 mg/mL of water.
Epitheliocystis: Development of PCR assay for the monitoring among the commercially important aquaculture species of Ukraine
Authors: Zezekalo V. K. , Peredera S. B. , Pochernayev K. F. , Petrenko M. A. , Shatokhin P. P. , Titarenko E. V.
Published: September 2019

Epitheliocystis is an emerging disease of wild and cultured fish caused by a number of bacterial species, characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic bacterial inclusions in the epithelial cells of the gills, which contribute to the merging of the gill plates, and in some cases also spread to the skin of fish. This disease may manifest as hypertrophy and inflammation of the gills, white nodular lesions of epithelial tissue in the gills or skin, gasping on the surface of the water, lethargy, poor swimming and stunted growth. Among the commercially important aquaculture species of Ukraine, such as Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), brown trout (S. trutta), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and gibel carp (Carassius auratus), Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonicola and Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis are associated with epitheliocystis. There are currently no tools at the disposal of ichthyologists and veterinary laboratories in Ukraine to identify Ca. C. salmonicola and Ca. Piscichlamydia salmonis. Our basic concern was to develop a PCR assay of epitheliocystis diagnosis. We suggest the use of general primers for simultaneous detection of Ca. C. salmonicola and Ca. Piscichlamydia salmonis. The developed PCR assay for identification of Ca. C. salmonicola and Ca. Piscichlamydia salmonis has shown its suitability for amplifying control DNA. Confirmation of the amplification products identity was performed using selective recognition of the sequence by the TasI restriction endonuclease (Thermo Fisher Scientific, US). Analytical specificity verification of the PCR assay performed by amplifying the control DNA of 10 species of the Chlamydiales order showed the absence of PCR products, but observed in one. The designed PCR assay, after approbation on clinical material, can be used by researchers for extensive monitoring of epitheliocystis, doctors of veterinary medicine for diagnosis clarification, in addition to introduction into the practice of veterinary medicine laboratories and implementation in fish farm improvement programmes. The amplicon size of 197 base pairs theoretically permits application of this oligonucleotide primers pair for real-time PCR.
Interdependence of oxidative/antioxidant system indicators and thyroid status under conditions of prolonged exposure to small doses of radiation
Authors: Sokolenko V. L. , Sokolenko S. V.
Published: September 2019

We have studied the interdependence of the intensity of oxidative processes/antioxidant level and the thyroid status parameters in a group of students aged 18–24 who lived for a long time in the territory of enhanced radioecological control (density of soil contamination by isotopes (137Cs 3.7 ∙ 104 – 18.5 ∙ 104 Bq/m2). We examined 50 people from relatively environmentally friendly areas (control group) and 50 people from IV radiation zone (experimental group). In the experimental group, there were no individuals with clinical manifestations of thyroid pathology. However, subgroups with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were identified. We evaluated the level of cortisol, thyrotrophic hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (Tf), sulfhydryl groups (SH); we calculated the oxidative stress index (OSI). The research was conducted one month before the examination time and also during the exams as a factor in increased emotional stress. A lowered CP level was found in the subgroup with signs of hypothyroidism; SH groups – in all subgroups, separated by thyroid status. The oxidative stress index was higher in all students examined of the experimental group, compared with the control. The growth of MDA level is marked in the experimental group – it is the most strongly pronounced in conditions of additional emotional load in people with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. CP level significantly decreased in the subgroup of hyperthyroidism on the background of T3 decrease. OSI increased in all students examined from the experimental group. In the subgroup of hypothyroidism it became significantly higher than in the subgroup of euthyroidism. A positive correlation between the levels of CP and T3 was found. The highest values of the correlation coefficients were noted for subgroups with signs of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, with the coefficient significance increasing under conditions of emotional stress. The index of oxidative stress in the experimental group positively correlated with the level of TSH – in terms of emotional stress, the statistical significance of the coefficients disappeared. In the subgroups divided by thyroid status, variability of interactions between OSI and T3 was observed but it was not statistically significant. It was found that the participation of thyroid status in supporting redox homeostasis in people aged 18–24 who suffered from chronic small-doze radiation exposure was realized mainly by the influence on the antioxidant system. The ability of thyroid hormones to maintain a proper antioxidant state was suppressed in this group. The unbalanced relationship between thyroid hormones and oxidative stress indicators is strongly manifested under conditions of additional emotional stress.
Combined effect of glyphosate, saccharin and sodium benzoate on the gut microbiota of rats
Authors: Bilan M. V. , Lieshchova M. A. , Tishkina N. M. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: September 2019

Glyphosate is the main component of many broadly used herbicides due to its safety for humans and animals. It is known that the remains of glyphosate are present in allowable doses in fodders and food products, and, consumrd in low doses, it is found in insignificant amounts in milk, eggs and even in the internal organs (liver, kidneys) of animals. For determining combined impact of glyphosate and the commonest food additives on the composition of microbiota of animals, four groups of laboratory male rats were formed, which during 42 days consumed pure water without any restrictions; 1% aqueous solution of glyphosate; 1% solution of glyphosate in combination with 1% solution of sodium benzoate; 1% solution of glyphosate with 1% solution of saccharin. After killing the animals, 1 g of feces were collected and by serial dilutions with 10–1 to 10–9 sterile physiologic solution, a microbiological analysis was undertaken. Out of each dilution an inoculation of the studied material to the elective growth media was performed, by 0.1 cm3, then the material was incubated in a thermostat (24–72 hours, temperature 37 °С), the results were recorded after 24–72 h. The microorganisms were identified by studying morphological parameters, tinctorial, cultural and enzymic properties. Results are provided in CFU/g (colony-forming unit per gramm) of feces. The impact of glyphosate and glyphosate with food additives led to no changes in the number of Escherichia coli and emergence of this species of microorganism with changed enzymic activity. Also no changes occurred in the number of microorganisms of Bifidobactrium and Lactobacillus spp. Addition of glyphosate, and also glyphosate in combination with saccharin to the diet contributes to broader reproduction of microorganisms of Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas genera. Mixtures of glyphosate and food additives allow conditionally pathogenic yeast-like Candida fungi (Candida glabrata and C. albicans) to spread more widely in the intestine. Significant fluctuations in the number of Enterococcus spp. bacteria genus were observed: by 80 times within range of each of the three experimental groups of rats with addition of herbicide with benzoate and saccharin to the diet.
Prospects of use of Caltha palustris in soil plant-microbial eco-electrical biotechnology
Authors: Rusyn I. B. , Vakuliuk V. V. , Burian O. V.
Published: September 2019

Soil plant-microbial biosystems are a promising sustainable technology, resulting in electricity as final product. Soil microbes convert organic products of plant photosynthesis and transfer electrons through an electron transport chain onto electrodes located in soil. This article presents a study of prospects for the generation of bioelectricity by a soil plant-microbial electro-biotechnological system with Caltha palustris L. (Ranunculaceae), a marshy winter-hardy plant that develops early in the spring and is widespread in the moderate climatic zone, in clay-peat medium and with introduction of Lumbricus terrestris L. (Lumbricidae). The experiment was carried out in the wetlands of the Ukrainian Polissya and the Carpathian mountains in situ, and on the balconies and terraces of buildings to assess the possibilities of using green energy sources located directly in buildings. The electrodes were placed stationary in the soil to measure the values of bioelectric potential and current strength. We monitored the bioelectricity indices in open circle and under load using external resistors, and calculated the current density and power density, normalized to the soil surface covered by plants and electrodes. The revealed high maximal values of the bioelectric potential, 1454.1 mV, and current, 11.2 mA, and high average bioelectricity values in optimal natural conditions in wetlands in situ make C. palustris a promising component of soil plant-microbial bio-electrotechnology. We analyzed the influence of temperature and precipitation on the functioning of the soil plant-microbial biosystem. The use of thickets of C. palustris in wetlands in situ, as a stable source of plant-microbial eco-electricity in the summer, is complicated by the fact that the plant sensitively reacts to long periods of high temperature and periods of drought, which is accompanied by decrease in the level of bioelectric parameters. The cultivation of the marsh plant C. palustris as a component of electro-biosystems is possible on terraces and balconies of buildings. The cultivation of C. palustris in clay-peat soil with electrode system for production of eco-electricity on shaded balconies and terraces of buildings requires optimal irrigation, lighting, and introduction of L. terrestris into the substrate, which increase the bioelectricity values of this biotechnology.
Depositing ability of stem of winter wheat varieties of different periods of selection
Authors: Morgun V. V. , Priadkina G. A. , Zborivska O. V.
Published: September 2019

Adaptation of high-yielding winter wheat crops to changes in climatic conditions has great importance for food security of countries. The remobilization of stem assimilates for grain filling is one of the possible ways of increasing wheat yield in unfavourable environmental conditions. Field experiments in natural conditions with three old and three modern varieties of winter wheat were performed to compare depositing abilities of their stems. The objective of this study was a comparative analysis of the parameters of depositing capacity of stems of the main shoots for identification of the criteria for assessing grain productivity of winter wheat. The parameters of depositing capacity of the stem of the main shoots of three old winter wheat varieties (1997, 2003, and 2008) and three modern ones (2013, 2014 and 2016) were studied in field conditions with natural conditions of water supply (Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine). During the period of formation of reproductive organs (April and May), the amount of precipitation, respectively, was only 17% and 68% of long-term values and average monthly air temperature was 3–4 ºС higher than the climatic norm. We analyzed the variability of the parameters of depositing capacity of the stem of the main shoot and grain productivity of the ear of six wheat winter varieties which differed by time of selection. In unfavourable conditions during the period of formation of reproductive organs the modern winter wheat varieties had an 11% higher yield on average compared to the older ones. It was determined that the highest mass of grain from the ear of the main shoots (1.9–2.1 g) belonged to Odeska 267 variety, a drought-tolerant variety from earlier selection, and three modern varieties – Raihorodka, Prydniprovska and Darunok Podillia. It is demonstrated that these varieties also exceeded two old varieties (Podolianka and Yednist) by stem dry matter weight of main shoot at anthesis by 0.3–0.6 g. The highest content of non-structural carbohydrates at this phase was observed in Odeska 267, Raihorodka and Darunok Podillia varieties (273–307 mg/stem). Correlation analysis revealed the significant correlation between mass of grain from ear and dry matter of stem at anthesis and full ripeness, as well mass of grain from ear and the amount of non-structural carbohydrates at anthesis. Therefore, modern varieties of winter wheat and the drought-tolerant variety have higher yield, weight of dry matter of stem of the main shoot at anthesis and grain productivity of the ear, compared to old varieties. The results of this study indicate that the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoot at anthesis can be used as a marker of the grain productivity of winter wheat.
Evaluation of anti-microbial activity of filtrates of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces boulardii against antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Isayenko O. Y. , Knysh O. V. , Kotsar O. V. , Ryzhkova T. N. , Dyukareva G. I.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of the first study on the influence of biologically active substances Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and Saccharomyces boulardii, obtained according to the author`s method, on growth of gram-negative bacteria with broad medical resistance: Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR, Klebsiella pneumoniae PR, Lelliottia amnigena (Enterobacter amnigenus) PR using the spectrophotometric method. Disintegrates of L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii were obtained using low-frequency ultrasound processing of suspension of probiotic strains, and metabolites – through cultivation of lactobacteria and saccharomycetes in disintegrates of probiotic microorganisms. To samples of test-cultures with studied filtrates of disintegrates or metabolites we added growth medium and cultivated them (period of monitoring was 5- and 24-hours). Results of the studies were expressed as the percentage of inhibition of increment in polyresistant gram-negative bacteria under the impact of biologically active substances of probiotic microorganisms. Five-hour incubation of test-strains with the studied samples of lactobacteria led to inhibition of their growth properties by 85.6–96.7%. Growth of bacteria under the impact of substances of saccharomycetes was inhibted by 45.1–92.5%. Twenty-four hour exposure of the test-cultures in filtrates of L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii caused 100% inhibition of P. aeruginosa and L. amnigena polyresistant strains. Temporal interval of cultivation directly proportionally affected the extent of inhibition of growth of microorganisms: we determined direct correlation dependence within 0.789–0.991. Maximum inhibition of increment of the studied pathogens was observed under the influence of metabolites of lactobacteria, obtained by cultivating primary producers in their disintegrate. We determined a high level of anti-microbial activity of metabolites from L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii obtained by cultivation of probiotics in disintegrates against bacteria resistant to a broad range of preparations, which allows us to consider these substances as promising for development of anti-microbial preparations of a new generation against etiologically significant antibiotic-resistant gram-negative microorganisms.
Detection of biogenic polyamines in blood of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Prylutskyi M. P. , Bilko N. M. , Starodub N. F.
Published: September 2019

The main threat of cancer diseases is their spreading throughout the population of many countries of the world and the complexity of their diagnostics at the early stages. Because of that, search and development of the latest diagnostic methods for oncological diseases which would allow them to be diagnosed more precisely and rapidly is going on. The objective of the study was developing a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyamines as potential tumour markers in blood serum of patients with breast cancer using a newly created immune biosensor based on the effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In the process of the study we used basics of immune analysis, methods of biosensor analysis with preliminary modification of biosensor analytical surface with certain reagents, such as protein A and BSA, for better orientation of the sensitive layer made from antibodies. During the study 30 samples of blood serum were analyzed, 21 of which were obtained from the patients with breast cancer and 9 samples were normal, taken from healthy people and used as controls. Analysis of blood serum samples was made, using previously created calibration curve, based on polyamine solutions in concentrations from 5 ng/mL to 1 µg/mL. It allowed determination of the presence of polyamines in blood samples and approximate concentration of polyamines comparing resonance angle shift in calibration curve and blood samples. According to the obtained results, the concentration of polyamines exceeded their physiological levels and was in the range of 21.3–125.1 ng/mL. The proposed approach allows one to determine the presence and approximate concentrations of polyamines in range from 5 ng/mL to 1 µg/mL in samples of blood serum of patients with breast cancer which correlates with tumour size and the age of the patients.
Agro-ecological cultivation, secondary metabolite characteristics and microbiological tests of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) – the variety Citronella
Authors: Salamon I. , Kryvtsova M. V. , Trush K. I. , Fandalyuk A. I. , Spivak M. J.
Published: September 2019

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a native of the eastern Mediterranean region southward to Israel and Syria and eastward through the Crimea, the Caucasus, and Northern Iran to the Tien Shan and the Pamirs. It appears to have been naturalized in the Central Europe including the Carpathian Ukraine and Eastern Slovakia. The objective of this study was characterization of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Melissa officinalis L. variety Citronella in the conditions of cultivation in a lowland region of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Plant material, balm dry leaves and leafy tops of the shoots, were grown in a small-scale cultivation ground at the Zakarpatian Institute of Agroindustrial Production in Velikaja Bakta, Carpathian-Ukraine. The Citronella variety is used for herb production. Essential oil from balm parts (herb and leaves) was isolated by distillation with boiled water. Hydro-distillation lasted for 4 hours, sample weights were 10 g of dry drug matter. A modified Coocking & Middleton distillation apparatus was used. Identification and evaluation of balm essential oil were carried out using the selected analytical method of HPLC-DAD analysis. The final balm extract was analyzed directly on a Dionex UltiMate 3000 system. The analysis of balm essential oil was carried out using a gas chromatograph Varian 3090, connected to a MS Saturn 2100T integrator. The sensitivity of microorganisms to plant extracts was determined by the disk diffusion test (with disk diameter of 6 mm). The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of balm essential oil (0.05–0.12% v/w) and its composition show very high content of α-citrale (geranial) (44%), β-citrale (neral) (29%) and citronellal (9%). Rosmarinic acid can be extracted from leaves and its content equals up to 1.7 ± 0.1%. Composition of the natural substances depends on the balm taxon, origin, soil and climatic growing conditions, and methods of harvest and isolation and effective weed control which are used. Antibacterial effect of the oil showed low activity against all bacterial strains. Our results confirmed higher activity of EOs against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative. The balm essential oil displayed antimitotic effect especially towards Candida glabrata clinical strain. Thus, studies have shown that Melissa officinalis variety of Citronella in the conditions of cultivation in the lowland region of Carpathian-Ukraine according to biochemical characteristics and microbiological properties corresponds to world analogues.
Minimálisan invazív, endoszkóppal asszisztált, transcribriform reszekció a koponyaalap rosszindulatú daganatainak sebészetében
Authors: Piski Zalán , Büki András , Gerlinger Imre , Tóth István , Nepp Nelli , Lujber László
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Malignant tumours of the sinonasal region – including those with invasion of the skull base – necessitate surgical resection. The majority of the cases give an opportunity to perform the procedure via minimally invasive, endoscopic approach, without external, craniofacial surgery. Aim: To assess our clinical experience in treating anterior skull base malignancies, performing minimally invasive endoscopic transcribriform resection. Method: Between February 2015 and July 2017, four male and one female patient underwent minimally invasive, endoscopic skull base procedure. The mean age was 64.6 years (59–70, median: 66). Every surgery was performed via transnasal, endoscopic transcribriform approach. In two cases Kadish C esthesioneuroblastomas, while in one case a T3N0 sinonasal non-differentiated carcinoma, a T1N0 intestinal type adenocarcinoma and a T4N0 squamous cell carcinoma was the indication of surgery, respectively. Results: The mean follow-up time was 22.8 months, between 14 and 46 months. Intraoperative complications did not occur during the procedures. Regarding the postoperative period, liquorrhoea and pneumocephalus occurred in one case. Complications were solved with lumbar drainage. During follow-up, neither residual nor recurrent tumour was observed in our patients. Conclusion: Endoscopic transcribriform resection of the skull base malignancies is a safe and viable alternative to the traditional open approach. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(40): 1584–1590.
A felnőttkori neuroinfekciók epidemiológiai és klinikai jellemzőinek vizsgálata a nyugat-dunántúli régióban
Authors: Fehér Zsuzsanna , Toldy Erzsébet , Schneider Ferenc
Published: September 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Despite advancements in diagnostic capabilities and the availability of effective antimicrobial agents, community-acquired infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are still associated with high mortality rates. Aim: To assess the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of community-acquired CNS infections treated in the West Pannonian region between 2010 and 2016. Method: Clinical data of 176 patients were retrospectively analysed in two age cohorts: 15 to 65 and more than 65 years of age. Results: Neuroinfections were found to be bacterial in 81, viral in 91, parasitic in 1 and mixed in 3 cases during the observation period. The most frequent bacterial pathogens isolated were Streptococcus pneumoniae (20%) and Borrelia burgdorferi (16%). The most frequent viral pathogens isolated were tick-borne encephalitis virus (37%), herpes simplex virus (10%) and enterovirus (7%). Aetiology was unknown in 40 percent of all cases. The average incidence rate was 9.8/100 000 person/year with a mortality rate of 12%. In the cohort of patients aged >65 years, significantly higher frequencies of immunocompromising factors, lower Glasgow Coma Scale values at admission and confusion were observed (p-values: 0.008, 0.017, and 0.050, respectively). Prognosis was negatively influenced by low Glasgow Coma Scale values at admission (OR = 1.6 CI95%: 1.3–1.9; p<0.001), old age (OR = 6.5 CI95%: 2.5–17.1; p<0.001) and immunodeficiency (OR = 3.1 CI95%: 1.2–8.1; p = 0.019). Conclusions: S. pneumoniae remains the most frequently observed causative bacterial pathogen associated with community-acquired CNS infections. Incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in our county is higher than the national average (2.3 versus 0.35/100 000 person/year). Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(40): 1574–1583.