bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Khwaja Nizam Ud Din , Arunagirinathan Ganesan
Published: December 2020

:

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (AGIs) are a group of drugs which act on the gastrointestinal
tract and help in reducing fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia by reducing the absorption of
carbohydrates. This group comprises Acarbose, Miglitol and Voglibose. They are available on the
market for almost three decades now. When used as monotherapy, Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c)
reduction can be as high as 0.77%, which is predominantly noted in the Eastern Asian population
and those on a high carbohydrate diet. There is a more pronounced reduction in HbA1c in
those who present with higher baseline values. Despite not showing a significant cardiovascular
benefit with regards to mortality and morbidity, they have proven to be a safe class of drugs which
can be used in patients not tolerating various other anti-diabetic agents due to their local site of action
and poor systemic absorption. Though they are available worldwide, AGIs are used more often
in the Far East and South Asia. They have shown benefits in reducing the development of diabetes
when used in those with impaired glucose tolerance or pre-diabetes. They have been shown to improve
postprandial hyperglycemia, which in itself is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular
morbidity. These have proven their safety from both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular perspectives
and can be combined with any class of anti-diabetic agents. They are not favoured in
most of the current Western Guidelines due to their modest HbA1c reduction, neutrality with cardiovascular
benefit as well as their significant gastrointestinal side effect profile.
Porosity in Microtomography and Determination of Hounsfield Units do not Predict Calculi Fragmentation in Extracorporeal Lithotripsy: Analysis of an In-vitro Study
Authors: Cavalli Rafael Cavalheiro , Bellote Mateus Cosentino , Carvalho Mauricio
Published: December 2020

Background:

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) remains one of the most popular methods for treating urinary lithiasis.

Objective:

To evaluate structural and microtomographic characteristics associated with urinary calculi fragmentation in an experimental model of SWL.

Methods:

Samples consisting of at least two calculi fragments obtained from patients were submitted to urological procedures. All calculi were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and a morphological evaluation (weight, length, width, and volume measurements) was conducted along with microtomographic and conventional tomographic assessments in vitro. Thereafter, each sample was submitted to SWL in a ballistic gelatin model. The fragments were separated, using a granulometric sieve, into specimens larger than 4 mm and 2 mm, which were subsequently weighed.

Results:

Altogether, 48 urinary calculi were analyzed and were composed of whewellite (54%), struvite (22%), apatite (11%), uric acid (7%), cystine (4%), and whitlockite (2%). The fragmentation rate was 77.5% and 69.6% for samples > 4 mm and > 2 mm in size, respectively. Factors associated with a reduction in the effectiveness of SWL were volume, dry mass, and width of the calculus. The radiodensity and porosity of the samples evaluated by microtomography were not associated with the fragmentation of calculi.

Conclusion:

The volume, dry mass, and width of urinary calculi were positively correlated with the number of fragments larger than 4 and 2 mm in size obtained post-SWL.
Translation and Adaptation of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form into Persian
Authors: Amiri Hadis , Rezapour Maysam , Nekoei-Moghadam Mahmoud , Nakhaee Nouzar
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

Traumatic events and psychological damage are common, and the assessment of the growth in survivors of these events is critical. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF).

Methods:

This study was conducted in five phases: (1) forward and backward translation of the questionnaire based on the WHO protocol, (2) confirmatory factor analysis to assess construct validity with 563 participations (288 women and 275 men), aged 19-84 years (mean: 33.36 years), (3) Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, (4) correlations with the Persian version of the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) for assessing criterion-related validity, and (5) measurement of invariance across genders.

Results:

Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor model consisting of relating to others, new possibilities, personal strength, spiritual change, and appreciation of life. All the dimensions of the PTGI-SF were moderately associated with the Persian version of the DUREL. The internal reliability of the subscales and full scale of the PTGI-SF were acceptable to satisfactory, and the configural, metric, and scalar invariance was found across genders.

Conclusion:

The Persian version of PTGI-SF is an acceptable, valid, and reliable tool for measuring posttraumatic growth in Iran.
Challenges Midwives in Limpopo Province Encounter when Implementing Saving Mothers Recommendations
Authors: Mothapo Kobel Elizabeth , Maputle Maria Sonto , Shilubane Hilda N , Netshikweta Lizzy
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

The recommendations of Saving Mothers report by the National Committee for Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (NCCEMD) were formulated in response to the high maternal mortality rate in South Africa. Saving Mothers’ Report recommendations were implemented in maternity units of Limpopo province. However, the mortality rate for 2014-2016 in Limpopo was 165.16/100000 live births against the national target of 38/100000 live births. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges faced by registered midwives when implementing these recommendations.

Methods:

A qualitative research approach, which is descriptive, exploratory and contextual design, was used. A non-probability, purposive and convenience sampling was used to select 25 participants. Data were collected from August to October 2017 through the individual in-depth unstructured interview from 22 participants based on data saturation. Trustworthiness was ensured through credibility, dependability, transferability and confirmability. Data were analysed using Tesch’s open coding technique. Ethical standards were adhered to.

Results:

The findings revealed one theme and five sub-themes indicating hindrances to the implementation of recommendations of Saving Mothers Report by midwives in maternity units in Limpopo province.

Conclusion:

The researchers concluded that the registered midwives were faced with challenges that need to be addressed to facilitate the implementation of recommendations for Saving Mothers report effectively. Further research was recommended with implications in practice and nursing education.
Design and Implementation of CCTA for Low Power Applications: A Review
Authors: Bisariya Shailendra , Afzal Neelofer
Published: December 2020

Background:

Researchers have proposed a number of basic building blocks for various
electronics applications. The current conveyor trans-conductance amplifier is one of them, which is
suitable for linear as well as nonlinear applications of current and voltage mode circuits.

Objective:

This paper provides a review of the implementations proposed to date for the same with
its applications in analog signal processing. The proposed possible applications of this device are
also considered.

Methods:

Keeping in mind the utility of CCTA in low power VLSI application areas, a number of
parameters like power consumption, operating voltage, 3dB bandwidth, trans-conductance, as well
as a number of transistors used for implementation and technology are taken into consideration.

Results:

The results available for all the structures are compared and analyzed to investigate the
potential advantages as well as disadvantages of this CCTA block and its limitations.

Conclusion:

This review concluded with a remark on the best suitable CCTA structure for low
power applications and its future possibilities to use.
Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) system research - Edutab box
Authors: Takahashi Hirotaka
Published: December 2020

Collaborative/active learning has proven to be an effective educational method. It involves groups of two or more learners working together to solve a problem or complete a task and the benefits are numerous. For example, it enhances problem-solving skills, inspires critical thinking,
improves social interactions and helps in the development of self-management skills and oral communication skills, to name but a few. There is potential to further enhance these benefits using information and communications technology (ICT). Professor Hirotaka Takahashi has spent his career
looking at a wide range of topics, including adaptive data analysis methods, information theory, gravitational wave physics and astronomy. His current work centres around computer-supported collaborative/active learning (CSCL) systems, which he is seeking to further develop by collaborating
with experts in data science, ICT system development and education. Specifically, Takahashi is working with experts to develop a CSCL system/software called the 'Edutab Box'.
A study of self-employment careers focusing on family structure, gender and labour market
Authors: Hirao Ichiro
Published: December 2020

Self-employers are those employers who own their own businesses or who run family-run businesses. According to the World Bank collection of development indicators, the number of self-employers in Japan has been steadily declining in the last 50 years. Dr Ichiro Hirao, Assistant Professor
of the Respect Program at Osaka University, is carrying out research into self-employment with a focus on family structure, gender and the labour market. The findings will shine a light on why self-employment in Japan has declined over the past few decades.
Intragroup comparative study on achievement of second generation Chinese newcomer
Authors: Tsubota Kohei , Liu Lifeng
Published: December 2020

There are many challenges that immigrants to new countries face. Complicating efforts to understand and research these challenges are any ingrained attitudes surrounding immigration and the vast differences in attitudes and levels of immigration in each country. Not every place is the
same, nor are all immigrants the same, even if they come from the same country. This makes comparisons of what was successful in one place difficult to make. For example, a country like the US, which has a longer history of immigration may have more established systems and theories on immigration
and integration than a country like Japan, where historically, immigration has been low. In the US, immigrants from China are considered to have been successful in thriving and creating a Chinese-American population, but the situation is very different for the increasing Chinese-Japanese population
found in Japan. Assistant Professor Kohei Tsubota and Research Associate Lifeng Liu are focusing their research on the second-generation Chinese immigrant population in Japan, in particular how an immigrant child can overcome disadvantages in a society that has no immigrant integration policy,
and also, how the disparity structure and gender inequality of Chinese society affect their educational attainment after coming to Japan.
Search interaction based on verbalization of thinking in information retrieval
Authors: Joho Hideo
Published: December 2020

A team based in the Faculty of Library, Information and Media Science at the University of Tsukuba is investigating a means of improving search engines by teaching them to listen to people's natural language. Their work will enable the development of fluid interactions with search engines
of the future.
Novel experimental work on animals: Law and ethics’ perspective
Authors: Ghidan Alaa Yousef , Ghidan Huda Yousef
Published: December 2020

There are ethics for making experiments on animals that should be restricted by for respect and safety of animal's right of living. The basic of these procedures is forbidden because animals are creatures of God and his soul. These experiments are allowed within certain restrictions for the importance of saving human beings. There is a legal affair for those who don't show a commitment in dealing with these ethics while they are dealing with experiments on living creatures.
Testes funcionais validados em indivíduos hospitalizados e não hospitalizados: revisão sistemática
Authors: Santos Natasha Cordeiro dos , Soares Neila Silva , Anjos Jorge Luis Motta dos , Matos Bruno Souza de , Carvalho Daiane Barros
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre os testes funcionais validados em diferentes perfis de indivíduos hospitalizados e não hospitalizados e avaliar as evidências psicométricas para confiabilidade e validade. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados EMBASE, MEDLINE, Lilacs e SciELO com as palavras-chave Functional Tests (Walk Test, Gait Speed Test, Chair Stand Test, Timed Up And Go, Step Test),Validation Studies as Topic e sinônimos. Foram incluídos estudos de validação de testes funcionais em indivíduos hospitalizados ou não hospitalizados que utilizaram os critérios de validade e/ou confiabilidade e relacionaram os testes a diferentes variáveis. Esses artigos poderiam ser observacionais longitudinais ou de corte transversal ou estudos de validação que utilizaram dados de ensaios clínicos. Foram excluídos os artigos que não apresentaram características importantes da amostra e a descrição do teste. Resultados: A pesquisa resultou em 36.150 artigos, e 89 foram incluídos. Os estudos foram organizados em tabelas com informações como autor, ano; critérios de validação; amostra; teste; variáveis associadas; resultados. A qualidade dos artigos foi avaliada por meio da Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Conclusão: Os testes funcionais são válidos e confiáveis para a avaliação de indivíduos hospitalizados e não hospitalizados, estando associados à força muscular, capacidade de caminhar, controle postural, atividades de vida diária, risco de quedas, hospitalização e mortalidade.
Technical Aspects of Developing Chatbots for Medical Applications: Scoping Review
Authors: Safi Zeineb , Abd-Alrazaq Alaa , Khalifa Mohamed , Househ Mowafa
Published: December 2020

Background

Chatbots are applications that can conduct natural language conversations with users. In the medical field, chatbots have been developed and used to serve different purposes. They provide patients with timely information that can be critical in some scenarios, such as access to mental health resources. Since the development of the first chatbot, ELIZA, in the late 1960s, much effort has followed to produce chatbots for various health purposes developed in different ways.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the technical aspects and development methodologies associated with chatbots used in the medical field to explain the best methods of development and support chatbot development researchers on their future work.

Methods

We searched for relevant articles in 8 literature databases (IEEE, ACM, Springer, ScienceDirect, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar). We also performed forward and backward reference checking of the selected articles. Study selection was performed by one reviewer, and 50% of the selected studies were randomly checked by a second reviewer. A narrative approach was used for result synthesis. Chatbots were classified based on the different technical aspects of their development. The main chatbot components were identified in addition to the different techniques for implementing each module.

Results

The original search returned 2481 publications, of which we identified 45 studies that matched our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most common language of communication between users and chatbots was English (n=23). We identified 4 main modules: text understanding module, dialog management module, database layer, and text generation module. The most common technique for developing text understanding and dialogue management is the pattern matching method (n=18 and n=25, respectively). The most common text generation is fixed output (n=36). Very few studies relied on generating original output. Most studies kept a medical knowledge base to be used by the chatbot for different purposes throughout the conversations. A few studies kept conversation scripts and collected user data and previous conversations.

Conclusions

Many chatbots have been developed for medical use, at an increasing rate. There is a recent, apparent shift in adopting machine learning–based approaches for developing chatbot systems. Further research can be conducted to link clinical outcomes to different chatbot development techniques and technical characteristics.
A Bespoke Electronic Health Record for Epilepsy Care (EpiToMe): Development and Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Tao Shiqiang , Lhatoo Samden , Hampson Johnson , Cui Licong , Zhang Guo-Qiang
Published: December 2020

Background

While electronic health records (EHR) bring various benefits to health care, EHR systems are often criticized as cumbersome to use, failing to fulfill the promise of improved health care delivery with little more than a means of meeting regulatory and billing requirements. EHR has also been recognized as one of the contributing factors for physician burnout.

Objective

Specialty-specific EHR systems have been suggested as an alternative approach that can potentially address challenges associated with general-purpose EHRs. We introduce the Epilepsy Tracking and optimized Management engine (EpiToMe), an exemplar bespoke EHR system for epilepsy care. EpiToMe uses an agile, physician-centered development strategy to optimize clinical workflow and patient care documentation. We present the design and implementation of EpiToMe and report the initial feedback on its utility for physician burnout.

Methods

Using collaborative, asynchronous data capturing interfaces anchored to a domain ontology, EpiToMe distributes reporting and documentation workload among technicians, clinical fellows, and attending physicians. Results of documentation are transmitted to the parent EHR to meet patient care requirements with a push of a button. An HL7 (version 2.3) messaging engine exchanges information between EpiToMe and the parent EHR to optimize clinical workflow tasks without redundant data entry. EpiToMe also provides live, interactive patient tracking interfaces to ease the burden of care management.

Results

Since February 2019, 15,417 electroencephalogram reports, 2635 Epilepsy Monitoring Unit daily reports, and 1369 Epilepsy Monitoring Unit phase reports have been completed in EpiToMe for 6593 unique patients. A 10-question survey was completed by 11 (among 16 invited) senior clinical attending physicians. Consensus was found that EpiToMe eased the burden of care documentation for patient management, a contributing factor to physician burnout.

Conclusions

EpiToMe offers an exemplar bespoke EHR system developed using a physician-centered design and latest advancements in information technology. The bespoke approach has the potential to ease the burden of care management in epilepsy. This approach is applicable to other clinical specialties.
The Relationship between Students’ Negative Coping Strategies with School Violence and Social Support Factors: A Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Huong Nguyen Thi Mai , Trang Nguyen Thu
Published: December 2020

This study examined relationships between the social support factors such as peer relations (3 items), teacher influences (6 items), familial influences (5 items) and the negative coping strategies of students experiencing school violence including negative thought (5 items); negative emotion (7 items) and negative action (8 items).Participants were a sample of 482 students from four middle schools around Hanoi who had experienced at least 1 violence or more participating in the study. They are distributed relatively evenly by school and from grades 6 to 9. The major finding was social support factors (peer relationships, teacher-student relationship and school environment and family relationships) and negative coping strategies were negatively correlated (p<0.01). Students who had negative relationships with friends, teachers, and family members often showed negative coping strategies after experiencing school violence. The article proposes the solution of social work intervention in building a safe and friendly environment to minimize the negative coping strategies of students at schools.
Inflexiones de lo (in)visible: la posdictadura chilena en los documentales de Marcela Said y Jean de Certeau
Authors: Veliz Mariano
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se explora una serie de documentales dirigidos por Marcela Said y Jean de Certeau con el objetivo de rastrear los modos en los que allí se articulan estrategias para pensar el enlace de la transición democrática chilena y el problema de la visibilidad. Los análisis de I Love Pinochet (Said, 2001), Opus Dei: una cruzada silenciosa (Said y De Certeau, 2006) y El mocito (Said y De Certeau, 2011) privilegian el conflicto derivado del acceso o no a la visibilidad. En esa búsqueda, el artículo pone en diálogo los tres documentales con diversas teorías que piensan los dilemas de lo visible en la contemporaneidad. Estos intercambios entre la teoría y la producción documental permiten concluir que en estos documentales se desmonta el funcionamiento de la visibilidad y la discursividad puestas en juego en el período posdictatorial en Chile.
Análisis y evaluación de la pesca deportiva como atractivo turístico en el noroeste de Santa Cruz
Authors: Andrade Carlos Javier , Biott Juan Manuel , Ferrari Silvia
Published: December 2020

La Ruta Nacional N°40 es uno de los corredores turísticos más promocionados del país. Atraviesa el país de sur a norte, y el kilómetro 0 se encuentra en la provincia de Santa Cruz (Argentina), la cual recorre uniendo localidades con importantes atractivos turísticos y recursos potenciales que propician la práctica de diversas actividades turísticas, tradicionales y alternativas. La pesca deportiva, englobada dentro del turismo de intereses especiales (TIE), es una de las actividades más relevantes a nivel internacional, y la provincia de Santa Cruz cuenta con destinos consolidados y otros propicios para su desarrollo. A pesar del gran potencial de la actividad, su crecimiento a nivel mundial y su visible aporte hacia un desarrollo sustentable en la zona noroeste de la provincia, aledaña a la RN40, no se encuentran diagnósticos ni inventarios sobre lugares donde se desarrolle o podría efectuarse la actividad; lo cual es necesario para su mejor gestión y promoción.
El trabajo, realizado en el marco de una Beca CIN para estudiantes, ha iniciado en junio del presente año y propone inventariar, jerarquizar y cartografiar los lugares de pesca, así como conocer su estado actual y limitaciones para mejorar la toma de decisiones y optimizar su aprovechamiento turístico en dicho territorio. Se presentan los resultados de la primera etapa del estudio, abordando aquellos lugares de pesca que están siendo explotados turísticamente en la actualidad. Para ello, se trabajó mediante entrevistas a informantes claves, privados y públicos, y mediante la recolección de aquella información que contribuya a una planificación turística integral, enmarcada dentro del desarrollo sustentable.
Comportamiento de la vegetación a partir del índice verde y datos climáticos en dos sitios de la Patagonia Austral
Authors: Soto Julio , Paredes Paula , Maglione Dora , Sandoval Marisa , Bonfili Oscar
Published: December 2020

La cantidad de humedad al sur de la Patagonia (argentino-chilena), en parte condicionada por la presencia de la cordillera, determina cambios en los atributos de las comunidades vegetales. Los índices de vegetación obtenidos por sensores remotos están asociado a la cantidad de material fotosintéticamente activo y Productividad Primaria Neta Aérea (PPNA), entre otras características de la vegetación. El índice de vegetación más utilizado es el índice Verde Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI). Particularmente la I-NDVI (Integral del índice de vegetación) está asociada a PPNA. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el comportamiento de la vegetación en dos sitios del sur de la Patagonia (Río Gallegos y Punta Arenas) a través del NDVI y su relación con variables meteorológicas. Datos de precipitación y temperatura fueron obtenidos de estaciones meteorológicas y los datos espectrales (NDVI- de imágenes MOD13Q1, 250m, 16 días) utilizando la plataforma Google Earth Engine. Se calcularon índices de precipitación estandarizados (SPI y SPEI). Se realizaron correlaciones entre los datos meteorológicos y espectrales. El NDVI describió el comportamiento de la vegetación. La evolución intraanual del NDVI es diferente en los sitios evaluados. El área de Punta Arenas presenta valores más altos todo el año (mayor I-NDVI) y un comportamiento unimodal (máximo en diciembre), mientras que Río Gallegos presentó dos picos (octubre y abril). Resultados preliminares indican que el NDVI está correlacionado con temperatura anual en Punta Arenas, mientras que en Río Gallegos correlacionó con la precipitación acumulada. La I-NDVI estuvo correlacionado con SPI y SPEI (10 meses) solo en Río Gallegos.
1ª Jornadas de Geografía de la UNPA UARG en la Patagonia Austral “20 años de la reapertura de la carrera Profesorado en Geografía en la UNPA UARG”
Authors: Ampuero Cristian , Norambuena Mónica
Published: December 2020

Las “1ª Jornadas de Geografía de la UNPA UARG en la Patagonia Austral”. 20 años de la reapertura de la carrera Profesorado en Geografía en la UNPA UARG”, se realizaron en el Campus Universitario de la Unidad Académica Río Gallegos de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, entre los días 19 y 23 de noviembre de 2019. Las mismas fueron organizadas por docentes, investigadores y estudiantes de la Escuela de Geografía, Ordenamiento del Territorio y Geoinformación.
La idea de realizar estas jornadas surge en virtud de cumplirse 20 años de la reapertura de la carrera Profesorado en Geografía en la Unidad Académica Río Gallegos de la Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, por lo que las mismas fueron un momento propicio para reunir a profesores y licenciados en Geografía, graduados y estudiantes de las carreras de Geografía de la UNPA y de otras Universidades de la Patagonia Austral, como así también a profesionales y estudiantes de las Ciencias Sociales.
Estas jornadas se constituyeron como un encuentro que permitió promover el debate sobre problemáticas territoriales del espacio patagónico austral en sus distintas dimensiones y enfoques. Asimismo, fue una instancia de intercambio de resultados de proyectos de investigación en curso o finalizados; tesis de grado y postgrado, desde las carreras de Geografía y otras de las Ciencias Sociales, de las Universidades Nacionales de la Patagonia Austral.
Research Results for a New Onion Seed Drill
Authors: Ibragimov A. A. , Karakhanov A. К. , Abdurakhmanov A. A. , Eshdavlatov A. Е. , Uteniyazov P. A. , Khadzhiev A. A.
Published: December 2020

. For sowing small seeds of vegetables, in particular onions, special seeders are used. They are not produced in the Republic of Uzbekistan, while many diff erent pneumatic seeders are produced abroad. The authors note that foreign samples are complex in design, not adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, cannot provide even seed placement on ridges, and the cost of the seeders themselves and service are very high.

(Research purpose) To develop a vegetable seeder in relation to the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, to determine the seeding rate of onion seeds depending on the length of the active part of the seed reel, to evaluate the formation quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows.

(Materials and methods) The authors determined the sowing rate by turning the seeder drive wheel at a given length of the active part of the sowing reel and collecting the sown seeds in cups with further weighing. The quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows formation was evaluated by the method of profi ling the fi eld before and after the seeder’s pass.

(Results and discussion) The authors developed a vegetable seeder that performed three operations in one pass: cutting irrigation furrows, forming sowing ridges of a trapezoidal shape and sowing onion seeds and other small-seeded vegetable crops in a three-row tape method in each tape. They found that the dependence of the seeding rate on the length of the active part of the reel had a slightly fragile parabolic shape, and the required seeding rates – 24-48 pieces per linear meter (3.9-7.8 kilograms per hectare) – were provided with the length of the sowing reel 3.3- 6.2 millimeters. It was proved that the seeder provided a high-quality formation of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows: the row spacing was 68.8 centimeters (installation spacing – 70 centimeters), the top ridge width was 42.5 centimeters (the predetermined one was 40 centimeters), the depth of irrigation furrows was on average 9.6 centimeters.

(Conclusions) A vegetable seeder was developed for sowing small-seeded vegetable crops with the simultaneous formation of sowing ridges and cutting irrigation furrows, which ensured high-quality performance of all operations and observance of onion seeds.
Fundamentals and Prospects for the Technologies Development for Post-Harvest Grain Processing and Seed Preparation
Authors: Drincha V. М. , Tsench Yu. S.
Published: December 2020

The authors identifi ed the main factors that infl uenced signifi cantly the technological support of post-harvest processing processes over the past decades. They showed that in recent years, many farms faced the necessity to solve the problem of improving the seeds quality and reducing their losses in the process of post-harvest processing of grain in the shortest possible time.

(Research purpose) To conduct a historical analysis of machine technologies for post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation and determine promising directions for their development.

(Materials and methods) The authors used the historicalanalytical method applied to technical systems, in particular, to technologies of post-harvest grain processing and seed preparation. The research objects were the original works of domestic and foreign authors for more than a 100-year period and other regulatory and technical documentation.

(Results and discussion) The authors presented the results of the machine technologies for postharvest grain processing and seed preparation evolution in the Russian Federation over the past 100 years. They considered the scientifi c, technological, technical and organizational issues of the machine technologies for grain processing and seed preparation development. It was determined that the scientifi c foundations for creating domestic separating machines were developed in the 30s of the last century. They noted that in 1934 the fi rst domestic mobile grain cleaning machine with a capacity of 10 tons per hour for cleaning grain and 6-8 tons per hour for cleaning seeds was created and put into production. The following key stages were identifi ed: in the 60s, an in-line technology of post-harvest grain processing was developed; by the end of the 70s, with the completion of work on the creation of units and complexes, all processes of post-harvest grain processing for the fi rst time in the country were fully mechanized.

(Conclusions) The authors proved that labor productivity in the industry increased 7-10 times, the cost of grain processing decreased 2-3 times, its losses decreased, manual, unskilled labor was excluded. They identifi ed promising directions for the development of grain processing and seed preparation technologies.
Research of Tractor Power Unit with Electric Drive Parameters
Authors: Bizhaev A. V.
Published: December 2020

The author showed that it was possible to reduce the exhaust gases toxicity and increase tractors effi ciency using an electric power unit to implement traction. The effi ciency of modern electric motors was at its peak of 96 percent, compared to 45 for a diesel engine. He emphasized that this parameter for modern sources of electrical energy was 85-90 percent, which opened up opportunities for the implementation of an electric tractor.

(Research purpose) To present the general concept of an electric drive power unit for a tractor of a small traction class and to evaluate its parameters as a fi rst approximation.

(Materials and methods) For the tractor’s electric drive lithium-ion batteries were chosen as a source of electrical energy, showing the best characteristics of energy intensity – 432-864 kilojoule per kilogram with a unit cost of 4200-17400 rubles per kilogram. During the analyses of the power unit drive types, a D-120 diesel engine with a power of 20 kilowatt, a DC electric motor and an asynchronous motor with similar parameters were studied. The VTZ-2032 tractor with a nominal tractive eff ort of 600 Newtons when working on stubble was taken as the basis for the calculation.

(Results and discussion) The author determined the best indicators of the electric drive by the power characteristics fullness in the gears with a decrease in unit costs per kWh from 24 to 15-16 rubles.

(Conclusions) The most effi cient engine was determined – a brushless DC electric motor. The author calculated that the specifi c cost of its energy was 1.5-1.8 times less than that of a diesel engine, and amounted to 15-27 rubles per kilowatt-hour with a maximum effi ciency of 95 percent. It was found that lithium-ion batteries would be the optimal solution for powering the electric drive. They were distinguished by a high specifi c energy consumption – 432-864 kilojoule per kilogram – and a low price per energy unit, amounting to 5-45 rubles per kilojoule.
Is it Permissible to Teach Buddhist Mindfulness Meditation in a Critical Thinking Course?
Authors: Vaidya Anand Jayprakash
Published: December 2020

Abstract: In this essay I set out the case for why mindfulness meditation should be included in critical thinking education, especially with respect to educating people about how to argue with one another. In 1, I introduce to distinct mind sets, the critical mind and the meditative mind, and show that they are in apparent tension with one another. Then by examining the Delphi Report on Critical Thinking I show how they are not in tension. I close 1 by examining some recent work by Mark Battersby and Jeffery Maynes on expanding out critical thinking education to be inclusive of cognitive science and decision making. I argue that their arguments for expanding critical thinking education ultimately lead to considering the relevance of meditation in critical thinking. In 2, I examine work on critical thinking by Harvey Siegel and Sharon Bailin in order to draw out different conceptions of critical thinking both from a theoretical point of view as well as a pedagogical point of view. In 3, I present criteria for selecting a form of meditation that should be taught in critical thinking courses; I argue that mindfulness meditation deriving from the Buddhist tradition satisfies the relevant criteria. I then present research from contemporary cognitive neuroscience and psychology about the benefits of mindfulness meditation as it relates to the prospects of including it in critical thinking. In 4, I consider a recent study by Noone and Hogan (2018) that suggests that mindfulness meditation does not improve a person’s ability to think critically. I argue that while the study is important, there are substantial reasons for thinking that further studies should be done, as the authors themselves conclude. In 5, I move on to the issue of how meditation can be useful for improving performance in one important area of critical thinking: mitigating stereotype threat. My focus here is on examining the hypothesis that stereotype threat effects performance in critical thinking, and that negative impacts from stereotype threat can be mitigated by meditation. In 6, I summarize my argument for including meditation into critical thinking education, and close by discussing three important objections.
Sound world of the Russian estate in the lyrics at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akimova Maria S. ,   state budgetary institution of culture «Zelenograd’s Museum»
Published: December 2020

The article notes the relevance of a systematic, holistic study of the poetics of Russian literature of the Silver age, which is increasingly necessary as this era moves away from the modern reader. Typical of the culture of XIX–XX features: “the anthro pological turn”, “the expansion of artistic sensibility”, a new notion of psychological insight, lyrical exploration of the experience of the body — resulted in works of art the largest layer of the touch of poetic imagery reflecting the experience of individual sense of life. On the material of Russian poetry of the late XIX — early XX century the sound world of the Russian estate and the poetics of its sound space are analyzed. It is shown how the sound variety is gradually replaced by silence or new sounds — disturbing, foreshadowing the death of the estate as part of the old world. There are traced the mechanisms of transmission of sound “psychophysiological space”, methods of repre sentation of nonverbal language, including features of sound recording. An attempt is made to trace the internal reactions that this or that sound causes in the lyric hero, and in the subjective interpretations of a number of poets to reveal the “acoustic invariant” of the “estate” poetry of the Silver age in its historical dynamics.
Creative interpretation of estate images in the lyrics of K.R.
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Zhaplova Tatyana M.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses allusions and reminiscences in the lyrics of K.R., re flecting the mythology of the estate in the minds of its active participant and writer. Based on the image of the poet that has developed in literary criticism, whose works DOI: 10.22455/978-5-9208-0627-7-174-185 175 have been assessed ambiguously by both contemporaries and descendants, with a pri mary focus on his “imitative” character, the author addresses the attribute analysis of the spatial model of “estate topos”, “responding” with images of the previous literary era, however creatively rethought by K.R. Addressing the semantics and stylistics of the interior details in the main estate house, accessories and symbols located on the territory of the landscape park and gar den — “ancient garden imprinted”, “Garden of Eden”, the author identifies cases of continuity in the development of the mythology of the “noble nest” in the lyrics of K. R. in relation to the poets of the early to mid-nineteenth century, revealing similarities and differences in the development of the estate theme, corresponding to the traditional and innovative interpretation of the image that has developed in classical literature.
Literary process in Russia of the 18 th — 19 th centuries. Secular and spiritual literature
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

Investigations of the creative heritage of Russian writers and poets of the 18 th -19 th centuries, as well as of the most prominent representatives of the Russian clergy and Russian culture, are presented in the scientific work; key issues of the writers’ work method and style, of their works’ genre features, creative self-determination, are raised; new and unique explanations of both widely known and less read classics’ works, which reveal deep meanings and ideas that have not yet been identified in literary criticism, are given. The literary process of the era is illustrated by the special continuity of thoughts and ideas characteristic of Russian literature for which, deep vision and understanding of life, religious consciousness (it is from the said position the study of the works’ artistic worlds is necessary). Materials of archives, rare book publications and periodicals equipped with scientific commentary are introduced into scientific circulation. The originality of the published investigations and materials gives the collective work topicality and special colour on the whole.
Russian hierarches in their correspondence: letters to Voronezh and Zadonsk Archbishop Ignatiy (Semyonov) (1842–1849)
Authors:   The National Library of Russia, Bogdanova Tatyana A.
Published: December 2020

The first published letters addressing the archbishop of Voronezh and Zadonsk Ignatiy (worldly name — Matvey Semyonov) from his contemporaries date back to 1842–1849 — the period of ministry of the bishop in the Don and Voronezh dioceses. In addition to information about various events, letters contain information about the relations between hierarchs, supported through the years by the relations of the teacher and the student, the godfather and the professed, fellow students at the academy or seminary. The correspondents of Archbishop Ignatius include Metropolitan Filaret (worldly name — Fyodor Amfiteatrov) and Philaret (worldly name — Vasily Drozdov) (both participated in the consecration of Archimandrite Ignatius to Bishop of Staraya Russa); Archbishop Saint Antoniy (worldly name — Avraamiy Smirnitskiy); Archbishop Grigoriy (worldly name — Georgiy Postnikov), who later became Metropolitan of Petersburg; as well as the former student of Ignatius at St. Petersburg Theological Academy — Arseniy (worldly name — Fyodor Moskvin), who later became Metropolitan of Kiev; Archbishop Iakov (worldly name — Iosif Vecherkov), etc. The introductory article to the published letters contains detailed biographical information compiled from archival and rare sources. The era, the place and the role of Eminent Ignatiy in church history arecharacterised in it, the circumstances accompanying the letters are clarified. The published epistolary documents are equipped with biographical references about the correspondents of Archbishop Ignatiy and with an extensive scientific commentary.
O corpo feminino como ferramenta de protesto feminista e subversão ao machismo nas imagens do meme “Bela, Recatada e do Lar”
Authors: Blanco Lúgaro Eugenia , Pinto Coelho Maria das Graças
Published: December 2020

O meme Bela, Recatada e do Lar começou a circular de forma aleatória após a revista Veja realizar uma reportagem no dia 18 de abril de 2016, que falava da então primeira dama Marcela Temer trazendo como elogios e atributos positivos o fato dela ser uma mulher “bela, recatada e do lar”. Em poucos dias ele se transformou em uma poderosa ferramenta midiática contra-hegemônica para fazer frente à narrativa criada pela revista sobre os atributos da feminilidade. Neste artigo pretende-se analisar as construções simbólicas que permitiram a expansão desse meme. Para tanto, serão interpretados, a partir de uma análise de expressão simbólica, fundamentada na literatura sobre gênero, os memes imagéticos concentrados no Tumblr www.belarecatadaedolar.tumblr.com. O critério de escolha dessa rede é motivado pela aleatoriedade da contingência da criação espontânea de uma narrativa virtual, já que todos os modelos de corpos que estão nessa rede social foram enviados voluntariamente por mulheres que buscavam desmistificar a imagem da mulher ideal como sendo aquela que tem a tríade de adjetivos narrados pela revista. Na análise, identifica-se que, os avanços tecnológicos e o feminismo em rede apresentam uma nova lógica no pensar e agir feminista, e os memes imagéticos analisados tornam-se ferramenta de disseminação mais rápida e em grande escala pelo seu alto grau de replicabilidade, tendo como principal modelo a representação de um corpo-bandeira (GOMES; SORJ, 2014) emancipatório e plural. O novo ambiente virtual onde se localizam os memes se propõe a debater questões do movimento feminista como: a relação público/privado, direito ao corpo, mudanças comportamentais e resistências a padrões definidos como sendo espaços reservados e associados aos homens.
Sem glúten, sem lactose e sem vacas
Authors: Anselmo da Silva Bruno , Regina Macena Pereira Patriota Karla
Published: December 2020

Partindo da análise da materialidade discursiva, constitutiva da campanha publicitária “Atualize o seu leite”, da marca carioca de bebidas naturais Do Bem e nas diversas reações de consumidores a respeito da mesma, sobretudo na rede social digital Instagram, o presente artigo busca demonstrar como determinados discursos em torno da alimentação configuram-se, eles mesmos, como manifestações da ética contemporânea que respalda e legitima o consumo alimentar no Brasil atual. A observação da polêmica em torno da campanha evidenciou as disputas de sentido e lutas por reconhecimento entre o discurso vegano e o do agronegócio, apontando caminhos para a compreensão dos critérios definidores de certo e errado na sociedade brasileira hoje.

Palavras-chave: Ativismo. Comida. Consumo. Discurso. Veganismo.
YouTuber Mirim e Eu Digital:
Authors: Vieira Manuela do Corral , Leão Danuta de Cássia Leite
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo busca refletir e analisar as interações comunicativas das crianças com a plataforma digital YouTube, considerando as estratégias mercadológicos e comunicacionais desse eu no digital. Neste sentido, enfoca-se esta geração conectada, os chamados “nativos digitais” (PRENSKY, 2001), tendo como perspectiva analítica as crianças enquanto sujeitos sociais e suas relações com a mídia YouTube, considerando suas intencionalidades e apropriações, a fim de compreender a importância do lugar que a infância ocupa na contemporaneidade digital. Neste sentido, o estudo aponta para a necessidade de compreender os impactos destas relações sociais e tecnológicas, como a exposição do sujeito, a influência e as narrativas advindas com as práticas de consumo, bem como as transformações que a própria noção sobre o que é ser criança e no que consiste a infância trazem quando se analisam essas produções de conteúdo e seus agenciamentos sociais.
Política Externa Brasileira:
Authors: Pozobon Rejane de Oliveira , Prates Andressa Costa
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a política externa nacional, a partir da “imagem pública programada” (GOMES, 2004) nos discursos diplomáticos e jornalísticos. Para tanto, recorremos a “análise discursiva argumentativa” (AMOSSY 2018a e 2018b) para analisar os discursos proferidos pelo Brasil na Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas e as reportagens jornalísticas do Jornal Folha de S. Paulo no período que compreende o início do processo de redemocratização até os dias atuais (1988-2019). Neste artigo, por conta das limitações de espaço, focaremos a análise nos discursos diplomáticos e jornalísticos dos anos de 1988, 1989, 2018 e 2019.