bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INDICADORES PREDITIVOS DA LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM ADULTOS E IDOSOS HOSPITALIZADOS
Authors: Chantal Magalhães da Silva Natália , Teixeira Marcos João Pedro , Regina de Souza Sônia , Matos de Abreu Alcione , De Paula Codá Rosane
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Apresentar o conhecimento produzido sobre os indicadores preditivos da lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada a partir das recomendações PRISMA, tendo como questão norteadora: “Qual o conhecimento produzido sobre os indicadores preditivos da lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados?”. As buscas foram realizadas na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e National Library of Medicine. Resultados: 43 estudos compuseram esta revisão. Em 42, foi observado o emprego de um único método avaliativo, com predomínio dos instrumentos de avaliação: Escala de Braden (n = 37, 86%); seguida da Escala de Waterlow (n = 7, 16,2%); e, Escala de Norton (n = 6, 13,9%). Apenas um único estudo (2,3%) utilizou métodos avaliativos combinados: instrumentos distintos e presença de comorbidades. Em dois estudos, a avaliação se deu por meio da análise de um aspecto clínico específico (estado nutricional). Conclusões: Os principais indicadores preditivos para avaliação do risco de lesão por pressão em adultos e idosos hospitalizados são provenientes de instrumentos de avaliação. Sugere-se, contudo, o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas para a análise da confiabilidade e validação de tais instrumentos em populações específicas.
Cover & Front Matter
Authors: Wabash Center
Published: February 2025

Cover and Front Matter
An Innovative Surgical Technique: Anchoring Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Using a Specialized Fixation Needle
Authors: Liang Yufei , Lou Zhaoxia , Wu Weiping , Wan Zeqiu
Published: February 2025

Background: Numerous surgical techniques have been proposed to enhance the stability of intrauterine system (IUS) and reduce the incidence of displacement and expulsion, however, challenges remain. We aim to explore improved therapeutic strategies for levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) displacement or expulsion cases. Methods: This study proposes a novel method utilizing a specialized fixation needle to anchor the Mirena intrauterine device (IUD) within the uterine muscle layer. From June 2022 to December 2022, patients underwent hysteroscopic suturing for Mirena fixation, serving as the control group. From January 2023 to June 2023, 38 patients underwent hysteroscopic anchoring of Mirena using a specialized fixation needle, constituting the experimental group. Results: A total of 59 patients were included in the study. The experimental group included 38 patients, aged 31 to 51 years, with a median age of 41.5 (interquartile range: 36, 46) years. Comparison of treatment outcomes between the two groups showed significant improvements in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) scores, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels after treatment in both the experimental and control groups (all p < 0.001). Moreover, in the control group, 90.48% (19/21) of patients had normal contraceptive device positions during postoperative follow-up. In the control group, 2 patients (9.52%) experienced IUD displacement postoperatively. While, in the experimental group, 97.37% (37/38) of patients had normal contraceptive device positions during postoperative follow-up. However, 2.63% (1/38) experienced sudden excessive menstrual bleeding and IUD expulsion at 3 months postoperatively, requiring total hysterectomy. Conclusions: Hysteroscopic anchoring of the LNG-IUSs using a specialized fixation needle addresses the issue of device expulsion, offering a more straightforward and accessible alternative to traditional hysteroscopic suturing methods. Moreover, similar to hysteroscopic suturing of Mirena, this technique effectively relieves dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding symptoms in patients.
The Potential Mechanism and the Role of Antioxidants in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Naik Rayees Ahmad , Mir Mehak Naseer , Malik Ishfaq Ahmad , Bhardwaj Rima , Alshabrmi Fahad M , Mahmoud Mahmoud Abdulrahman , Alhomrani Majid , Alamri Abdulhakeem S. , Alsanie Walaa F. , Hjazi Ahmed , Ghatak Tanmoy , Poeggeler Burkhard , Singh Mahendra P , TS Gopenath , Singh Sandeep Kumar
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia and a significant contributor to health issues and mortality among older individuals. This condition involves a progressive deterioration in cognitive function and the onset of dementia. Recent advancements suggest that the development of AD is more intricate than its underlying brain abnormalities alone. In addition, Alzheimer’s disease, metabolic syndrome, and oxidative stress are all intricately linked to one another. Increased concentrations of circulating lipids and disturbances in glucose homeostasis contribute to the intensification of lipid oxidation, leading to a gradual depletion of the body’s antioxidant defenses. This heightened oxidative metabolism adversely impacts cell integrity, resulting in neuronal damage. Pathways commonly acknowledged as contributors to AD pathogenesis include alterations in synaptic plasticity, disorganization of neurons, and cell death. Abnormal metabolism of some membrane proteins is thought to cause the creation of amyloid (Aβ) oligomers, which are extremely hazardous to neurotransmission pathways, especially those involving acetylcholine. The interaction between Aβ oligomers and these neurotransmitter systems is thought to induce cellular dysfunction, an imbalance in neurotransmitter signaling, and, ultimately, the manifestation of neurological symptoms. Antioxidants have a significant impact on human health since they may improve the aging process by combating free radicals. Neurodegenerative diseases are currently incurable; however, they may be effectively managed. An appealing alternative is the utilization of natural antioxidants, such as polyphenols, through diet or dietary supplements, which offer numerous advantages. Within this framework, we have extensively examined the importance of oxidative stress in the advancement of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as the potential influence of antioxidants in mitigating its effects.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Genes and Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Jinli , Xing Yang , Sun Jie , Liu Yongming , Lang Zekun , Zhang Lei , Yang Jinggang
Published: February 2025

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary disease of the myocardium characterized by asymmetric hypertrophy (mainly the left ventricle) not caused by pressure or volume load. Most cases of HCM are caused by genetic mutations, particularly in the gene encoding cardiac myosin, such as MYH7, TNNT2, and MYBPC3. These mutations are usually inherited autosomal dominantly. Approximately 30–60% of HCM patients have a family history of similar cases among their immediate relatives. This underscores the significance of genetic factors in the development of HCM. Therefore, we summarized the gene mutation mechanisms associated with the onset of HCM and potential treatment directions. We aim to improve patient outcomes by increasing doctors’ awareness of genetic counseling, early diagnosis, and identification of asymptomatic patients. Additionally, we offer valuable insights for future research directions, as well as for early diagnosis and intervention.
Application of scRNA-seq in Dental Research: Seeking Regenerative Clues From the Structure of Tooth and Periodontium in Physical or Pathological States
Authors: Miao Xixi , Huang Yufen , Ge Kelsey Xingyun , Xu Yunlong
Published: February 2025

This review presents a comprehensive overview of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses used to study tooth and periodontal tissues. The intricate cellular composition of both teeth and periodontium are revealed, leading to the identification of new cell types and tracing lineage profiles for each cell type. Herein, we summarize the progression of dental and periodontal tissue formation, tooth homeostasis, and regenerative mechanisms. scRNA-seq analyses have demonstrated that the cellular constituent ratio of dental and periodontal tissues transforms homeostasis or injury repair. Importantly, single-cell data in the diseased tissue demonstrated a change in both cell types and intercellular communication patterns compared to the normal state. These findings provide valuable insights into the underlying disease mechanisms at the cellular level in the context of single-cell vision, thereby facilitating the investigation of potential therapeutic interventions.
N-acetyltransferase 10 Promotes Cervical Cancer Progression Via N4-acetylation of SLC7A5 mRNA
Authors: Liang Peili , Zhou Dongmei , Liao Jinrong , Lai Wujiang , Sheng Xiujie , Wang Yifeng
Published: February 2025

Introduction: N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) mediates N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) mRNA modification and promotes malignant tumor progression. However, there has been limited research on its role in cervical cancer. This study aimed to decipher the role of NAT10 in cervical cancer. Methods: The prognostic value of NAT10 was explored using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database and immunohistochemistry of cervical cancer tissue. The biological actions of NAT10 in cervical cancer were investigated by cell proliferation, transwell, wound healing, and chicken chorioallantoic membrane assays. The therapeutic action of remodelin (a NAT10 inhibitor) was verified in a nude mouse model. Mechanistic analyses were conducted by RNA sequencing, ac4C dot blotting, acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation, quantitative PCR, and RNA stability experiments. Results: NAT10 was overexpressed in cervical carcinoma and its overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. NAT10 knockout impaired proliferative and metastatic potentials of cervical cancer cells, while its overexpression had the opposite effects. Remodelin impaired cervical cancer proliferation in vivo and in vitro. NAT10 acetylated solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5) enhanced mRNA stability to regulate SLC7A5 expression. Conclusions: NAT10 exerts a critical role in cervical cancer progression via acetylating SLC7A5 mRNA and could represent a key prognostic and therapeutic target in cervical cancer.
Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 Signaling Pathway by Quercetin in the Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Ma Jie , Wang Feifei , Wang Lei , Wang Ying , Wu Doudou , Jiang Wenbo , Li Nuo , Bai Yanping
Published: February 2025

Background: Psoriasis is an enduring inflammatory skin disorder defined by recurring attacks, distinguished primarily by red patches and scaly skin. Quercetin, a kind of natural flavonoid compound, is widely found in various vegetables, fruits, and Chinese herbs. Quercetin is a multifaceted compound with a wide range of potential health benefits. In addition to antioxidant, cardiovascular protection, and anti-tumor effects, quercetin has shown potential in regulating immune and inflammation effects. In the initial stages, in vivo studies have demonstrated that quercetin positively affects psoriasis and is connected with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT)/glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) signaling. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which quercetin influences the PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 signaling cascade in the context of psoriasis remains uncertain. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential therapeutic influence of quercetin on psoriasis and the relationship with the PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 signaling pathway. Methods: A mouse model for psoriasis induced by imiquimod was employed to assess alterations in the morphology of skin lesions and their histopathological characteristics. Cell Counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess the impact of proliferation of HaCaT human keratinocyte cells. HaCaT cells were examined using flow cytometry for the influence of quercetin on apoptosis. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the protein expression levels in the PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 signaling pathway. Results: concerning pathological alterations, the mice in the model group exhibited characteristic alterations associated with psoriasis. The extent of excessive keratinization in the epidermis and hypertrophy of the spinous layer observed in each quercetin dosage group was less pronounced compared to the model group. The CCK-8 assay laid out that quercetin can suppress the proliferation of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, it was found that quercetin facilitates the apoptosis of these cells. Analysis of immunoblotting demonstrated that the intervention of quercetin in HaCaT cells led to modifications in the proteins related to the PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 signaling pathway. Conclusion: Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, this study shows that quercetin may play a therapeutic role in psoriasis and inhibit the PI3K/AKT/GLUT1 signaling pathway.
Neural Correlates of Cognitive Deficit in Emotional Directed Forgetting in Major Depressive Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study
Authors: Chen Chang , Zhou Xiaoting , Liu Xiaohong , Gao Xuezheng , Chen Limin , Zhou Zhenhe , Zhou Hongliang
Published: February 2025

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients exhibit difficulty in forgetting negative material, which may result from specific impairments in memory and attention. However, the underlying neural correlates of the corresponding cognitive deficit have not been elucidated. The present study investigated the electrophysiological characteristics and differences, using event-related potentials (ERPs), between MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) in an emotional directed forgetting task (EDF) with negative and neutral images. Methods: A total of 26 MDD patients and 28 HCs were recruited for the current study, all of whom were clinically evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Scale. All participants were subjected to ERP measurements during the EDF task, and behavioral data and ERP components were analyzed. Results: HCs had higher hit rates than did MDD patients; more false alarms occurred in MDD patients than in HCs, and higher false alarm rates occurred with negative images than with neutral images. The reaction times were also longer for MDD patients than for HCs. Larger image-evoked P2 amplitudes and smaller image-evoked N2 amplitudes occurred in MDD patients, whereas they had higher image-evoked late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes both in negative and neutral emotional conditions than the HCs. MDD patients had higher cue-evoked N2 amplitudes and lower cue-evoked P3 amplitudes, elicited by the Remember cue, than the HCs. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (24-item edition) scores were positively correlated with the LPP amplitudes that were evoked by negative images in a central location. Conclusions: Based on these results, we concluded that poor attentional recruiting and allocation, memory inhibitory deficits, and difficulties in memory retention may contribute to the poor performance in the EDF task in MDD patients. The observed ERP patterns provide valuable insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the EDF task in MDD and underscore the potential of EDF as an assessment tool for cognitive and emotional dysregulation in MDD.
Vitamin D3 Treatment Reduces Epileptic Neuronal Damage by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Increasing Vitamin D Receptor Expression in an In Vivo Epileptic Model
Authors: Nie Yin-yue , Huang Lu-yue , Wang Lu-chuan , Zeng Pei , Gong Chao , Song Lin , Guo Jin , Zhou Shaobo
Published: February 2025

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is prevalent in more than half of patients treated with antiepileptic drugs. The number of seizures decreases by more than 40% after vitamin D3 supplementation. This study aimed to investigate the antiepileptic effects of vitamin D3 by using an in vivo epileptic model. Method: Sprague–Dawley rats received pentylenetetrazole (i.p.) treatment to induce epilepsy and were then treated with sodium valproate, VitD, or a combination of VitD and paricalcitol. Results: Vitamin D3 treatment improved epileptic behavior, as evidenced by increased latency time and a significant reduction in epileptic scores on the seventh day after pentylenetetrazole challenge. Improvements in cell morphology and reduced neuronal damage were observed as well as decreased apoptosis rates caused by epilepsy. Although no significant changes in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) were observed in any group, the level of VitD receptor (VDR) significantly increased in groups treated with vitamin D3 alone, and with paricalcitol and sodium valproate. Conclusions: The study demonstrated the effect of vitamin D3 on reducing neuronal damage caused by epilepsy. The neuroprotective effects of vitamin D3 treatment may be attributed to the inhibition of cell apoptosis and the increase in the expression of VitD receptors induced by epilepsy.
Infantile Amnesia can be Operationalized as a Psychological Meta Norm in the Development of Memory
Authors: Stoencheva Bozhidara , Stoyanova Kristina , Stoyanov Drozdstoy
Published: February 2025

This paper offers a syncretic synthesis of the highlights of the scientific knowledge accumulated to date on the mechanisms of infantile amnesia (IA). IA can be conceptualized as a meta-norm of memory development. The review shows that the neurobiological and neuropsychological evidence for IA converges within a common metacognitive framework of inquiry. The involvement of consciousness in the conditioning of memory traces and the association between infantile knowledge and implicit memory allow IA to be analyzed as a phenomenon with complex, universal neuropsychic regulation of a higher order. This approach overcomes the paradox of understanding IA.
Auditory Cognitive Impairment Reflects Source Localization of the P300 ERP Component in MBI Patients: The sLORETA Investigation
Authors: Reza Mohammed Faruque , Begum Tahamina
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the differences between the source localization of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component among the healthy and mild brain injury (MBI) patient population using standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA). Methods: Thirty-eight participants were divided into control (n = 19) and MBI (n = 19) groups. Control participants were normal, healthy people, and participants with MBI were assigned into two groups: MBI 1st Test (7 days after a road traffic accident (RTA)) and MBI 2nd Test (2–6 months after RTA with the same participants of the 1st Test group). The 128-ERP nets were used on the heads of the participants during the experiments. Under the auditory oddball paradigm, all participants silently counted the target tones, while ignoring the standard tones. This study used the sLORETA tool in the Net Station software for the source localization of the P300 ERP component. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare intensities between groups, while the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was applied for paired observations within groups. Results: Standard stimuli evoked P300 sources in the superior frontal gyrus (BA11) of the right frontal lobe in the control group, the superior temporal gyrus (BA38) of the right temporal lobe in the MBI 1st Test group, and the inferior frontal gyrus (BA47) of the left frontal lobe in the MBI 2nd Test group. Meanwhile, target stimuli evoked P300 sources at BA11 for all groups but in different gyrus: the superior frontal gyrus, orbital gyrus, and rectal gyrus in the control, MBI 1st Test, and MBI 2nd Test groups, respectively. In addition, there were significant differences in dipole intensities between and within groups among control and MBI patients in both standard and target stimuli. Conclusion: P300 source localization was shifted presumably due to the auditory cognitive impairment, and the dipole intensities were significantly higher in the MBI group than in the control group, indicating that the MBI group compensated for both standard and target tone stimuli, reflected in the sLORETA investigation.
Lactylation of PLBD1 Facilitates Brain Injury Induced by Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhou Faming , Chen Guanghui , Li Xiaoli , Yu Xiaodong , Yang Yinyin
Published: February 2025

Background: Ischemic stroke is a prevalent global condition and its associated brain damage poses a significant threat to patient survival and outcomes. The underlying mechanisms of ischemic stroke-induced brain injury remain elusive, necessitating further investigation. Methods: Ischemic stroke models were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in animals and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD-R) in cells. Phospholipase B domain-containing protein 1 (PLBD1) expression in these models was assessed via western blotting analysis, reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and cell immunofluorescence. A comprehensive evaluation, incorporating cellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, glycolysis metabolism kits, RT-qPCR, western blotting, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, neurological scoring, brain tissue water content measurement, and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) analysis, was conducted to determine the impact of PLBD1 on brain injury. Potential lactylation sites in PLBD1 were predicted using the DeepKla database, with western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) confirming the lactylation site. Results: PLBD1 was significantly upregulated in the brain tissue of MCAO animal models and OGD-R-treated cells. PLBD1 knockdown markedly mitigated OGD-R-induced cellular injury, suppressed glycolysis in vitro, and reversed MCAO-induced brain damage in vivo. Furthermore, lactylation at the K155 site of PLBD1 enhanced its expression in response to elevated lactate levels following OGD-R treatment. These results indicated that the upregulation of PLBD1 via K155 site lactylation plays a pivotal role in exacerbating ischemic stroke-induced brain damage. Conclusion: Targeting the lactate/PLBD1 axis presents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke management.
Technical Assessment of Motor and Behavioral Tests in Rodent Models of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Mohamed-Fathy Kamal Ola , Ojeda-Hernández Doddy Denise , Selma-Calvo Belén , Benito-Martín María Soledad , Fuente-Martín Sarah de la , García-Martín Marina , Larriba-González Teresa , Sancho-Bielsa Francisco , Matias-Guiu Jordi A. , Matias-Guiu Jorge , Gómez-Pinedo Ulises
Published: February 2025

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor and cognitive impairments, affecting millions worldwide. It significantly reduces patients’ quality of life and imposes a burden on health systems. Despite advances in understanding MS, there is no cure, highlighting the need for effective therapeutic strategies. Preclinical animal models are critical for gaining insights into MS pathophysiology and treatments. However, these models fail to fully replicate the complexity of human MS, making it essential to choose appropriate models and behavioral tests to evaluate their efficacy. Purpose: This review examines various motor and cognitive behavioral tests used in preclinical MS models, discussing their strengths and limitations. The goal is to guide researchers in selecting the most appropriate tests for their models, while providing insights into how these tests are performed and analyzed. Methods: We reviewed motor and cognitive behavioral tests used in MS models, detailing test procedures and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. Results: This review offers a comprehensive overview that aids researchers in choosing the most suitable tests for their studies, improving the accuracy and reliability of preclinical MS research. Conclusions: Understanding the strengths and limitations of these tests is crucial for making informed decisions, leading to better experimental designs and, ultimately, more effective therapeutic interventions for MS.
Strategies to Reduce Left Anterior Descending Artery and Left Ventricle Organ Doses in Radiotherapy Planning for Left-Sided Breast Cancer
Authors: Diremsizoglu Umut , Topal Nezihan , Konuk Aykut Oguz , Suyusal Ibrahim Halil , Genc Dogacan , Ari Onur , Cevik Hasan Furkan , Kefeli Aysegul Ucuncu , Aksu Maksut Gorkem , Sarper Emine Binnaz
Published: February 2025

Background: One of the most significant long-term toxicities of breast cancer radiotherapy is major adverse cardiac events (MACE). In current radiotherapy practice, the mean heart dose is the most commonly used parameter. The aim of our study was to reduce the doses of organs at risk (OAR) in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left ventricle (LV) by including the LAD and LV in planning radiotherapy while maintaining adequate dose coverage for patients with left-sided breast cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed left-sided breast cancer cases treated at the Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine. Only patients with local and locally advanced breast cancer were included in the analysis. A total of 77 patients who were treated between 2020 and 2024 were included. The doses to the LAD and LV were added to the optimization algorithms. Two volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans were created for each patient. A total of 154 plans were made, including standard and LAD and LV sparing plans. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in all VMAT plans regarding planning target volume (PTV) D2, D50, and D98 (dose receiving volume of PTV 2%, 50%, and 98%) (p > 0.05). However, a significant decrease was observed in heart V5 (the percentage of the heart receiving at least 5 gray (Gy)) and mean heart dose. A decrease in the mean heart dose was observed in the standard plan compared with the LAD and LV sparing plan (p < 0.001). Similarly, the heart V5 value decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Additionally, significant reductions were measured in all LAD and LV parameters after re-optimization. Conclusions: We achieved significant reductions in all heart, LAD, and LV parameters without making any changes to the planned treatment volume coverage by adding LAD and LV OARs to the optimization algorithms. The potential risk of MACE can be significantly reduced by implementing this strategy.
Hispanic-Latino Race is Associated with Worse Heart Failure Symptoms in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Golamari Reshma , Khodak Alexander , Hartman Steven D. , Donatelle Marissa , Elajami Tarec K. , Fernandez Rafle , Mihos Christos G.
Published: February 2025

Background: Data regarding racial differences in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is sparse. We hypothesized that Hispanic-Latino (HL), Non-Hispanic (NH), and African-American (AA) race impacts the clinical presentation of HCM. Methods: A total of 641 HCM patients (HL = 294, NH = 274, AA = 73) were identified retrospectively from our institutional registry between 2005–2021. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic indices, and outcomes were assessed using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and multivariate linear regression statistical analyses, with Dunn-Bonferroni and Tukey test applied in post-hoc pairwise assessments. Results: The HL and NH patients were older compared with AA (69.2 ± 14.7 vs 67.9 ± 15.3 vs 59.4 ± 15.8 years; p < 0.001). The HL group had higher prevalence of females compared with NH (62 vs 47%; p = 0.002), and more moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (35 vs 23 vs 12% p < 0.001) and a higher E/e’ ratio (16.4 ± 8.1 vs 14.9 ± 6.6 vs 13.3 ± 4.5; p = 0.002) when compared with NH and AA. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed HL ethnicity (β = 0.1) was associated with worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) class independent from moderate-severe mitral regurgitation (β = 0.2), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (β = 0.17), female gender (β = 0.13), coronary artery disease (β = 0.12), atrial fibrillation (β = 0.11), peak trans-mitral E-wave velocity (β = 0.11), left ventricular mass index (β = 0.1), and reverse septal curve morphology (β = 0.1) (model, r = 0.5, p < 0.001). At 2.5-year median follow-up, all-cause mortality (8%) and composite complications (33%) were similar across the cohort. Conclusions: HCM patients of HL race have worse heart failure symptoms when compared with NH and AA, with severity independent of cardiovascular co-morbidities.
The Role of Signalling Pathways in Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Skórka Patryk , Piotrowski Jakub , Bakinowska Estera , Kiełbowski Kajetan , Pawlik Andrzej
Published: February 2025

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent hereditary cardiovascular disorder, characterised by left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibroblasts, transformed into myofibroblasts, play a crucial role in the development of fibrosis. However, interactions between fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and immune cells are considered major mechanisms driving fibrosis progression. While the disease has a strong genetic background, its pathogenetic mechanisms remain complex and not fully understood. Several signalling pathways are implicated in fibrosis development. Among these, transforming growth factor-beta and angiotensin II are frequently studied in the context of cardiac fibrosis. In this review, we summarise the most current evidence on the involvement of signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of HCM. Additionally, we discuss the potential role of monitoring pro-fibrotic molecules in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with HCM.
ПІДГОТОВКА НОВОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ ДЛЯ ОБ'ЄДНАНОЇ ЄВРОПИ: ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ФОРМИ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Дінжос Роман , Манькусь Ірина , Недбаєвська Людмила , Дармосюк Валентина
Published: February 2025

Фундаментальна проблема, на вирішення якої спрямовано дослідження: дисбаланс між запитами українського суспільства на висококваліфікованих педагогічних працівників, перспективами його розвитку, глобальними технологічними змінами та існуючою системою освіти, а також готовністю педагогічних працівників до дизайну освітніх середовищ та реалізації освітніх реформ в Україні. Саме ця проблема сучасної системи освіти потребує розв’язання і визначена в Концепції сталого розвитку (2023 р.), Концепції розвитку педагогічної освіти (2018 р.), Концепції розвитку STEM-освіти в Україні (2020 р.) та Стандарті базової загальної середньої освіти (2020 р.). Одним з можливих шляхів розв’язання цієї проблеми є підготовка вчителя природничо –математичних дисциплін до дизайну освітнього середовища на основі технологій STEM-освіти. В статті запропоновано нестандартні форми педагогічної освіти, які спрямовані на формування та розвиток професійних компетентностей нового вчителя об’єднаної Європи.
Дослідження проведено на базі Чорноморського національного університету ім. Петра Могили в рамках роботи студентоцентрованого навчально-практичного центру при кафедрі фізики та математики. В процесі дослідження використовувалась наступні методи: педагогічний експеримент, абстрактно - логічний; графічний; методи аналізу та синтезу, аналогії, порівняння; математичне моделювання, педагогічне прогнозування.
Практичне значення дослідження полягає у створенні елементів інноваційної наукової інфраструктури на кафедрі фізики та математики з метою підготовки конкурентно спроможних фахівців для ринку освітніх послуг об’єднаної Європи.
Модернізація підготовки майбутнього вчителя природничо – математичних дисциплін здійснювалася кафедрою шляхом введення нових навчальних курсів для майбутніх вчителів фізики та математики, а також через активне залучення їх до реалізації освітніх проектів STEM-центру створеного при кафедрі.
Результати виконання наукового дослідження представлені викладачами кафедри у навчальних посібниках «Фізичний експеримент в контексті STEM освіти :перший концентр навчання», «Фізичний експеримент в контексті STEM освіти: другий концентр навчання», «Комбінаторика: практикум з розв’язування задач», «Методика викладання математики: показникова та логарифмічна функції», «Дизайн освітнього середовища», «STEM-освіта- трансдисциплінарний підхід».
Запровадження університетських студій як нестандартної форми педагогічної освіти дає можливість забезпечити максимальне наближення психолого-педагогічної та методичної підготовки здобувачів до умов практичної фахової діяльності, а також розвивати їх креативні якості, шляхом формування здібностей: будувати умозаключення у вигляді гіпотез, встановлювати причинно – наслідкові зв’язки, завдяки яким стає можливим з’ясування ланцюга «минуле – сучасне - майбутнє», передбачати свій педагогічний вплив на діяльність здобувачів освіти, планувати і проводити експеримент.
МЕТОДИ Й ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ НАВЧАННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ПЕРСОНАЛУ У США: ТРАДИЦІЇ ТА СУЧАСНІ ІННОВАЦІЇ
Authors: Литовченко Ірина , Лавриш Юліана , Зеліковська Олена , Яхно Тетяна
Published: February 2025

Стаття присвячена аналізу сучасних методів і технологій корпоративної освіти у Сполучених Штатах Америки, які відіграють важливу роль у розвитку професійних компетентностей працівників у динамічних умовах розвитку економіки знань. У дослідженні розглянуто ключові традиційні підходи до навчання, такі як лекції, семінари та самостійна робота. Вони залишаються важливими завдяки своїй універсальності, економічності та можливості адаптації до технологічних змін. Зокрема, традиційні лекції, доповнені інтерактивними елементами та онлайн-технологіями, демонструють свою ефективність навіть у сучасних корпоративних умовах.
Особлива увага приділяється інноваційним методам навчання, зокрема тренінгам, коучингу, діловим та рольовим іграм, secondment, shadowing, buddying, наставництву й менторству. Ці підходи сприяють розвитку навичок командної роботи, міжособистісного спілкування та творчого мислення, забезпечуючи інтеграцію теорії та практики безпосередньо в робочому середовищі. Розглянуто також інтерактивні методи, такі як кейс-метод, метод аналізу ситуацій, брейнстормінг та імітаційне моделювання, які сприяють розвитку критичних і творчих навичок, а також вирішенню складних управлінських завдань.
У статті висвітлено баланс між традиційними та інноваційними підходами, що дозволяє адаптувати корпоративну освіту до сучасних потреб бізнесу. Автори підкреслюють значення впровадження цифрових технологій, розвитку змішаних форм навчання (blended learning) і використання новітніх інтерактивних методів. Отримані результати та рекомендації можуть бути корисними для вдосконалення системи корпоративної освіти не лише у США, а й у міжнародному контексті, сприяючи формуванню конкурентоспроможного людського капіталу.
HYPOTHESIS TESTING FOR DEPENDENT VARIABLES WITH UNBALANCED DATA
Authors: Gómez José M.
Published: February 2025

This research develops a unified theoretical framework to evaluate the asymptotic convergence of multiple dependent random variables with unbalanced data toward a common population mean (μ) under weak dependence conditions (α-mixing). Three approaches based on the law of large numbers are employed: triangular arrays (TAC) and weighted correlation sums (WSC) for the strong version, and mixingale processes (MPC) for the weak version. This aims to verify whether deviations from μ are statistically insignificant in the limit. A theorem of strict metric equivalence is proved under specific necessary and sufficient conditions, including an important corollary on exponential dependence. The proposed framework extends the Neyman-Pearson lemma for dependent variables and establishes uniform confidence bounds, incorporating careful consideration of the measurable structure and associated filtrations. Rigorous Type I error control with dependence is developed, and Bayesian extensions are established to incorporate prior information about the dependence structure. The fundamental relationships between convergence, errors, and Bayesian probabilities are made explicit through non-asymptotic inequalities. The work demonstrates that the three approaches are asymptotically equivalent under α-mixing dependence with polynomial decay rate, providing a unified theoretical basis for convergence analysis in weak dependence scenarios. The proposed architecture has been designed with sufficient flexibility to incorporate additional methodologies in future developments.
Neurostructures Activated in Pecking Pigeons and Marked with 14C-2-Deoxyglucose
Authors: Delius Juan D. , Delius Julia A. M.
Published: February 2025

14C-2-deoxyglucose autoradiographs were carried out in nine domestic pigeon brains to localize the sites of activity during an episode of repetitive pecking lasting for 60 min. This extended pecking was brought about either by a repeated dopaminergic apomorphine injection course or by an extended partial reinforcement conditioning training course lasting some 30 days. Forty brain structures were found labeled in the control, minimally (=virtually non-) pecking pigeons (K), 23 brain structures were exclusively labeled in the birds pecking upon Conditioning, while another 6 of them were also marked in apomorphine treated birds. Another 11 additional brain structures were exclusively labeled in the pigeons pecking upon Apomorphine treatment. We made out 25 brain structures as definitely not involved in the generation of either C or A pecking. Additionally we looked into the brain 14C markings of three birds pecking under Apomorphine in three kinds of sensory contexts: (1) darkness, which generally weakened the 14C brain marking but had only a few smaller specific effects; (2) deafness through cochlear ablation, which yielded a marking of the nuclei mesencephalici dorsales and a somewhat lesser labeling of the thalamic n. ovoidalis, but had no appreciable differential effect on forebrain markings, and (3) monocular viewing by covering one eye with an eye cap, which revealed an asymmetrical activation of a number of well-known visual brain structures, but nothing that was in any way unexpected.
Feasibility and acceptability outcomes of the InMe trial - a randomised controlled trial in participants with subclinical eating and somatic symptom disorders.
Authors: Bobou Marina , Tanzer Michal , Saramandi Alkistis , Selai Caroline , Fotopoulou Aikaterini
Published: February 2025

Dysregulations in interoception have been associated with mental health disorders including eating and somatic symptom disorders. The present study addresses the feasibility and acceptability of a novel, behavioural intervention (InMe) in a healthy sample with low, self-reported interoception. The efficacy of the InMe intervention against an active control arm was tested in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) reported elsewhere (1), while the feasibility and acceptability of InMe were assessed in parallel and are fully reported here. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention arm (InMe) or active control arm and stratified according to their self-reported gender and a cut-off score from the Eating Disorders Questionnaire (EDE-Q). Feasibility and accessibility measures included self-report scales and questionnaires, assessor checklists and ratings, as well as behavioural and physiological responses. Data was gathered from a total of 102 participants and encompassed trial recruitment and retention rates, the suitability of measurement tools, as well as the feasibility and acceptability of stressors, interventions and other trial procedures. The study found satisfactory feasibility in recruitment procedures, trial measurement tools, and intervention procedures. Participants perceived the intervention as acceptable, though minor adjustments for trial optimisation were identified. Overall, this feasibility study provided promising evidence regarding the acceptability and feasibility of an interoception based intervention in a RCT context. These findings offer valuable insights particularly for the design of future clinical trials for testing the efficacy of this intervention further in clinical populations.
nemo like kinase (NLK) : Time behavioural study of 3rd order combinations in WNT3A stimulated HEK 293 cells
Authors: sinha shriprakash
Published: February 2025

Nemo-Like Kinase (NLK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase , Nemo (NMO) being the Drosophila ortholog of the mammalian NLK gene. Its activation mechanism and downstream targets are still not well characterized. Gujral and MacBeath [1] provides a quantitative, and dynamic study of WNT3A-mediated stimulation of HEK 293 cells, where they record time based expression profiles of several response genes which cor- related significantly with proliferation and migration. By monitoring the dynamics of gene expression using self-organizing maps, they identified clusters of genes that exhibit similar expression dynamics and uncovered previously unrecognized positive and negative feedback loops. However, their study depicts/uses singular measurements of individual gene expression at different time snapshots/points to infer the system wide analysis of the pathway. At any particular time point, it is often the case that genes are working synergistically in combinations, even though their expression measurements are singular in nature. Here, I • enumerate and rank all 2415 NLK related 3rd order combinations in a forest of 71C3 combinations using four different sensitivity methods; • show the conserved rankings for NLK-X-X combinations, which point to existence of biological synergy of some of these combinations across the different sensitivity methods; and • study the behaviour of some of these combinations related to WNT3A response genes that are ranked by the machine learning search engine (Sinha [2]) in time. Patterns of combinations emerge, some of which have been tested in wet lab, while others require further wet lab analysis.
Tackling challenges in data pooling: missing data handling in latent variable models with continuous and categorical indicators
Authors: Chen Lihan , Miocevic Milica , Falk Carl F.
Published: February 2025

Data pooling is a powerful strategy in empirical research, but combining multiple datasets often results in a large amount of missing data: Variables that are not available across all datasets will contain missing values for entire groups of participants as a result. Furthermore, data pooling typically leads to a mix of continuous and categorical items with nonnormal multivariate distributions. We investigated two popular approaches to handle missing data in this context: 1. applying direct maximum likelihood by treating data as continuous (con-ML), and 2. applying categorical least squares using a polychoric correlation matrix computed from pairwise deletion (cat-LS). These approaches are available for free and relatively straightforward for empirical researchers to implement. Through simulation studies with confirmatory factor analysis and latent mediation analysis, we found cat-LS to be unsuitable for pooled data analysis, whereas con-ML yielded acceptable performance for the estimation of latent path coefficients barring severe nonnormality.
Geopolitical Shockwaves in the Office: The Erosion of Workplace Norms and the Rise of Antisemitism in the Post-October 7 World
Authors: Yogev Dikla , Usatinsky Anat , Gomez Rafael , Santos Mateus Renno
Published: February 2025

The October 7th, 2023, Hamas terrorist attack on Israel triggered a surge in antisemitism worldwide, with North American workplaces and campuses emerging as places of exclusion, harassment, and alienation of Jewish persons. This study examines the impact of October 7th on Jewish professionals in the U.S. and Canada, utilizing the Industrial Relations (IR) Systems Framework approach to contextualize workplace dynamics within broader socio-political shifts. Drawing on two waves of survey data - one from university campuses in late 2023 and another from workplaces in 2024, and on a randomized survey experimental design, our analysis reveals high levels and a significant increase in antisemitic rhetoric, victimization, and social marginalization. Findings indicate that while campus settings had pre-existing hostility toward Jewish and Israeli individuals, non-academic workplaces experienced a more abrupt and intense rise in exclusionary behaviors, verbal harassment, and institutional failures to address safety concerns. Our analysis suggests that the normalization of exclusionary workplace practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with ideological biases in institutional policies, has exacerbated post-October 7th antisemitism. We argue that this phenomenon reflects a systemic failure to uphold workplace dignity and equity for Jewish employees, necessitating urgent policy interventions.
Causal Forest and Doubly Robust Machine Learning for Political Science
Authors: Fuller Sam , Rametta Jack T.
Published: February 2025

Machine learning (ML) methods in general and tree-based methods in particular are on the rise in the social sciences. While ML is widely valued for predictive accuracy, new causally-oriented machine learning methods actually leverage this power for statistical inference and treatment effect estimation. In this article, we synthesize this causal ML literature into a new paradigm we coin "Doubly Robust Machine Learning," or DRML. Our conceptual framework makes clear the benefits of these new methods, like causal forest, and explains how researchers can fruitfully employ these approaches to improve on the power, precision, and coverage of standard estimators. We demonstrate these benefits for average and conditional effect estimation through a massive array of over one million Monte Carlo simulations spanning a wide range of possible research settings. Taken together, our results provide the conceptual and empirical basis for the use of DRML in social science applications.
Autistic Offenders’ Perceptions of Their Interactions with Police
Authors: Simpson Kate , Adams Dawn , Powell Martine , Craig Cameron David
Published: February 2025

Autistic individuals encounter police at different times across their life; however, there is limited research on these experiences. The aim of this research was to explore autistic individuals’ (convicted of offences) perceptions of their interactions with the police. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 registered offenders who had an autism diagnosis or were suspected to be autistic. Following thematic analysis, three themes were generated from the interview data: 1. Doing their job but … treating me like a criminal, 2. Trying to get through: The impact on me, and 3. Respecting the person. A range of experiences were reported with predominantly negative perceptions of pre-conviction encounters. The findings from this study highlight the need for improved police training to identify autistic people and to adapt police interactions to better support autistic people.
Specialised police investigators’ knowledge of autism and strategies used to support autistic offenders
Authors: Adams Dawn , Simpson Kate , Powell Martine , Craig Cameron David
Published: February 2025

There is growing evidence that (1) many autistic people do not have positive interactions with the police and (2) many police do not feel they have sufficient knowledge to identify or support autistic people. To explore this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 investigators working in a specialised police unit. The interview aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of investigators’ general and role-specific knowledge of autism, their confidence in identifying and supporting autistic offenders, and the strategies they employ to support the autistic offenders they encounter. Although the police investigators felt that a substantial proportion of the offenders they support were likely to be autistic, none reported having any formal training in autism. Thematic analysis of the interview data led to three themes: Noticing differences but not knowing diagnoses, Using ad hoc approaches, and For autistic offenders, police are part of a broader system. These highlight the importance of multifaceted training that provides both knowledge in how to identify autistic offenders, as well as skills-based training in how to support autistic offenders now and into the future.